<p><! p. 1 !></p>

<p><point26>A.</point26></p>

<p><hw>A</hw> (<i>named &amacr; in the English, and most commonly &auml; in
other languages</i>). <def>The first letter of the English and of many
other alphabets. The capital A of the alphabets of Middle and Western
Europe, as also the small letter (a), besides the forms in Italic, black
letter, etc., are all descended from the old Latin A, which was borrowed
from the Greek <i>Alpha</i>, of the same form; and this was made from the
first letter (&?;) of the Ph&oelig;nician alphabet, the equivalent of the
Hebrew <i>Aleph</i>, and itself from the Egyptian origin. The <i>Aleph</i>
was a consonant letter, with a guttural breath sound that was not an
element of Greek articulation; and the Greeks took it to represent their
vowel <i>Alpha</i> with the &auml; sound, the Ph&oelig;nician alphabet
having no vowel symbols.</def></p>

<p>This letter, in English, is used for several different vowel sounds. See
<i>Guide to pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 43-74. The regular long
<i>a</i>, as in <i>fate</i>, etc., is a comparatively modern sound, and has
taken the place of what, till about the early part of the 17th century, was
a sound of the quality of &auml; (as in <i>far</i>).</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The name of the sixth tone in the
model major scale (that in C), or the first tone of the minor scale, which
is named after it the scale in A minor. The second string of the violin is
tuned to the A in the treble staff. -- A sharp (A&sharp;) is the name of a
musical tone intermediate between A and B. -- A flat (A&flat;) is the name
of a tone intermediate between A and G.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A per se</b></col> (L. <i>per se</i> by itself), <cd>one
pre&euml;minent; a nonesuch.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O fair Creseide, the flower and <i>A per se</i><BR>
Of Troy and Greece.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A</hw> (&adot; <i>emph.</i> &amacr;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [Shortened
form of <i>an</i>. AS. &amacr;n one. See <u>One</u>.] <def>An adjective,
commonly called the indefinite article, and signifying <i>one</i> or
<i>any</i>, but less emphatically.</def> "At <i>a</i> birth"; "In <i>a</i>
word"; "At <i>a</i> blow". <i>Shak.</i> It is placed before nouns of the
singular number denoting an individual object, or a quality individualized,
before collective nouns, and also before plural nouns when the adjective
<i>few</i> or the phrase <i>great many</i> or <i>good many</i> is
interposed; as, <i>a</i> dog, <i>a</i> house, <i>a</i> man; <i>a</i> color;
<i>a</i> sweetness; <i>a</i> hundred, <i>a</i> fleet, <i>a</i> regiment;
<i>a</i> few persons, <i>a</i> great many days.  It is used for <i>an</i>,
for the sake of euphony, before words beginning with a consonant sound [for
exception of certain words beginning with <i>h</i>, see <u>An</u>]; as, a
table, <i>a woman</i>, <i>a</i> year, <i>a</i> unit, <i>a</i> eulogy,
<i>a</i> ewe, <i>a</i> oneness, such <i>a</i> one, etc.  Formally <i>an</i>
was used both before vowels and consonants.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Originally the preposition <i>a</i> (<i>an</i>,
<i>on</i>).] <def>In each; to or for each; as, "twenty leagues <i>a</i>
day", "a hundred pounds <i>a</i> year", "a dollar <i>a</i> yard",
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>A</hw> (&adot;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [Abbreviated form of
<i>an</i> (AS. <i>on</i>). See <u>On</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In; on;
at; by.</def>  [Obs.] "<i>A</i> God's name."  "Torn <i>a</i> pieces."
"Stand <i>a</i> tiptoe." "<i>A</i> Sundays" <i>Shak.</i> "Wit that men have
now <i>a</i> days." <i>Chaucer.</i> "Set them <i>a</i> work." <i>Robynson
(More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In process of; in the act of; into; to; -- used
with verbal substantives in <i>-ing</i> which begin with a consonant. This
is a shortened form of the preposition <i>an</i> (which was used before the
vowel sound); as in <i>a</i> hunting, <i>a</i> building, <i>a</i>
begging.</def> "Jacob, when he was <i>a</i> dying" <i>Heb. xi. 21.</i>
"We'll <i>a</i> birding together." " It was <i>a</i> doing." <i>Shak.</i>
"He burst out <i>a</i> laughing." <i>Macaulay.</i>  The hyphen may be used
to connect <i>a</i> with the verbal substantive (as, <i>a</i>-hunting,
<i>a</i>-building) or the words may be written separately. This form of
expression is now for the most part obsolete, the <i>a</i> being omitted
and the verbal substantive treated as a participle.</p>

<p><hw>A</hw>. [From AS. <i>of</i> off, from. See <u>Of</u>.]
<def>Of.</def>  [Obs.] "The name of John <i>a</i> Gaunt."  "What time
<i>a</i> day is it ?" <i>Shak.</i> "It's six <i>a</i> clock." <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A</hw>. <def>A barbarous corruption of <i>have</i>, of <i>he</i>,
and sometimes of <i>it</i> and of <i>they</i>.</def>  "So would I <i>a</i>
done" "<i>A</i> brushes his hat."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A</hw>. <def>An expletive, void of sense, to fill up the
meter</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A merry heart goes all the day,<BR>
Your sad tires in a mile-<i>a</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A-</hw>. <def>A, as a prefix to English words, is derived from
various sources. (1) It frequently signifies <i>on</i> or <i>in</i> (from
<i>an</i>, <i>a</i> forms of AS. <i>on</i>), denoting a state, as in
<i>a</i>foot, on foot, <i>a</i>bed, <i>a</i>miss, <i>a</i>sleep, aground,
<i>a</i>loft, <i>a</i>way (AS. <i>onweg</i>), and analogically,
<i>a</i>blaze, <i>a</i>tremble, etc. (2) AS. <i>of</i> off, from, as in
<i>a</i>down (AS. <i>ofd&umacr;ne</i> off the <i>dun</i> or hill). (3) AS.
&amacr;- (Goth. <i>us-</i>, <i>ur-</i>, Ger. <i>er-</i>), usually giving an
intensive force, and sometimes the sense of <i>away</i>, <i>on</i>,
<i>back</i>, as in <i>a</i>rise, <i>a</i>bide, <i>a</i>go. (4) Old English
<i>y-</i> or <i>i-</i> (corrupted from the AS. inseparable particle <i>ge-
</i>, cognate with OHG. <i>ga-</i>, <i>gi-</i>, Goth. <i>ga-</i>), which,
as a prefix, made no essential addition to the meaning, as in aware. (5)
French <i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i> to), as in <i>a</i>base,
<i>a</i>chieve. (6) L. <i>a</i>, <i>ab</i>, <i>abs</i>, from, as in
<i>a</i>vert. (7) Greek insep. prefix &alpha; without, or privative, not,
as in <i>a</i>byss, <i>a</i>theist; akin to E. <i>un-</i>.</def></p>

<p>Besides these, there are other sources from which the prefix <i>a</i>
takes its origin.</p>

<p><hw>A 1</hw> (&amacr; w&ubreve;n). <def>A registry mark given by
underwriters (as at Lloyd's) to ships in first-class condition. Inferior
grades are indicated by A 2 and A 3.</def></p>

<p><i>A 1</i> is also applied colloquially to other things to imply
superiority; prime; first-class; first-rate.</p>

<p><hw>||Aam</hw> (&add;m <i>or</i> &auml;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>aam</i>, fr. LL. <i>ama</i>; cf. L. <i>hama</i> a water bucket, Gr. &?;]
<def>A Dutch and German measure of liquids, varying in different cities,
being at Amsterdam about 41 wine gallons, at Antwerp 36&frac12;, at Hamburg
38&frac14;.</def> [Written also <i>Aum</i> and <i>Awm</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Aard"-vark`</hw> (&auml;rd"v&auml;rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.,
earth-pig.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An edentate mammal, of the genus
<i>Orycteropus</i>, somewhat resembling a pig, common in some parts of
Southern Africa. It burrows in the ground, and feeds entirely on ants,
which it catches with its long, slimy tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Aard"-wolf`</hw> (&auml;rd"w&oocr;lf), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D,
earth-wolf] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A carnivorous quadruped (<i>Proteles
Lalandii</i>), of South Africa, resembling the fox and hyena. See
<u>Proteles</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Aa*ron"ic</hw> (&asl;*r&obreve;n"&ibreve;k), <hw>Aa*ron"ic*al</hw>
(-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to Aaron,
the first high priest of the Jews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aar"on's rod`</hw> (&acirc;r"&ubreve;nz r&obreve;d`). [See Exodus
vii. 9 and Numbers xvii. 8] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A rod
with one serpent twined around it, thus differing from the caduceus of
Mercury, which has two.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant with a tall flowering
stem; esp. the great mullein, or hag-taper, and the golden-rod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab-</hw> (&abreve;b). [Latin prep., etymologically the same as E.
<i>of</i>, <i>off</i>. See <u>Of</u>.] <def>A prefix in many words of Latin
origin. It signifies <i>from</i>, <i>away</i> , <i>separating</i>, or
<i>departure</i>, as in <i>ab</i>duct, <i>abs</i>tract, <i>abs</i>cond. See
<u>A-</u>(6).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ab</hw> (&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Syriac origin.]
<def>The fifth month of the Jewish year according to the ecclesiastical
reckoning, the eleventh by the civil computation, coinciding nearly with
August.</def>  <i>W. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ab"a*ca</hw> (&abreve;b"&adot;*k&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The
native name.] <def>The Manila-hemp plant (<i>Musa textilis</i>); also, its
fiber. See <i>Manila hemp</i> under <u>Manila</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bac"i*nate</hw> (&adot;*b&abreve;s"&ibreve;*n&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [LL. <i>abacinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>abacinare</i>; <i>ab</i>
off + <i>bacinus</i> a basin.] <def>To blind by a red-hot metal plate held
before the eyes.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*bac`i*na"tion</hw>
(&adot;*b&abreve;s`&ibreve;*n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of abacinating.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ab`a*cis"cus</hw> (&abreve;b`&adot;*s&ibreve;s"k&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'abaki`skos</grk>, dim of <grk>'a`bax</grk>.
See <u>Abacus</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the tiles or squares of a
tessellated pavement; an abaculus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"a*cist</hw> (&abreve;b"&adot;*s&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL <i>abacista</i>, fr. <i>abacus</i>.] <def>One who uses an abacus in
casting accounts; a calculator.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*back"</hw> (&adot;*b&abreve;k"), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>a-</i> + <i>back</i>; AS. <i>on b&aelig;c</i> at, on, or toward the
back. See <u>Back</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Toward the back or rear;
backward.</def> "Therewith <i>aback</i> she started."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Behind; in the rear.</def>  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Backward against the mast; --
said of the sails when pressed by the wind.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be taken aback</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be
driven backward against the mast; -- said of the sails, also of the ship
when the sails are thus driven. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> To be suddenly checked,
baffled, or discomfited.</cd>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ack</hw> (&abreve;b"<i>a</i>k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
abacus.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ac"ti*nal</hw> (&abreve;b*&abreve;k"t&ibreve;*n<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ab</i> + E. <i>actinal</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the surface or end opposite to the
mouth in a radiate animal; -- opposed to <i>actinal</i>.</def> "The aboral
or <i>abactinal</i> area."  <i>L. Agassiz.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ac"tion</hw> (&abreve;b*&abreve;k"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stealing cattle on a large scale.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*ac"tor</hw> (-t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>abigere</i> to drive away; <i>ab</i> + <i>agere</i> to drive.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>One who steals and drives away cattle or beasts by herds
or droves.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||A*bac"u*lus</hw> (&adot;b*&abreve;k"&usl;*l&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Abaculi</b></plw> (-l&imacr;).
[L., dim. of <i>abacus</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small tile of glass,
marble, or other substance, of various colors, used in making ornamental
patterns in mosaic pavements.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"a*cus</hw> (&abreve;b"&adot;*k&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
E. <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Abacuses</b></plw> ; L. pl. <plw><b>Abaci</b></plw>
(-s&imacr;). [L. <i>abacus</i>, <i>abax</i>, Gr. <grk>'a`bax</grk>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A table or tray strewn with sand, anciently used
for drawing, calculating, etc.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A calculating table or frame; an instrument for
performing arithmetical calculations by balls sliding on wires, or counters
in grooves, the lowest line representing units, the second line, tens, etc.
It is still employed in China.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The uppermost
member or division of the capital of a column, immediately under the
architrave. See <u>Column</u>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tablet,
panel, or compartment in ornamented or mosaic work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A board, tray, or table, divided into perforated
compartments, for holding cups, bottles, or the like; a kind of cupboard,
buffet, or sideboard.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Abacus harmonicus</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an ancient
diagram showing the structure and disposition of the keys of an
instrument.</cd>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"a*da</hw> (&abreve;b"&adot;*d&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.,
the female rhinoceros.] <def>The rhinoceros.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Purchas.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bad"don</hw> (&adot;*b&abreve;d"d&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Heb. <i>&amacr;badd&omacr;n</i> destruction, abyss, fr. <i>&amacr;bad</i>
to be lost, to perish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The destroyer, or angel of
the bottomless pit; -- the same as Apollyon and Asmodeus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hell; the bottomless pit.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>In all her gates, <i>Abaddon</i> rues<BR>
Thy bold attempt.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*baft"</hw> (&adot;*b&adot;ft"), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>a-</i> on + OE. <i>baft</i>, <i>baften</i>, <i>biaften</i>, AS.
<i>be&aelig;ftan</i>; <i>be</i> by + <i>&aelig;ftan</i> behind. See
<u>After</u>, <u>Aft</u>, <u>By</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Behind; toward
the stern from; as, <i>abaft</i> the wheelhouse.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Abaft the beam</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Beam</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*baft"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Toward the
stern; aft; as, to go <i>abaft</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bai"sance</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;"s<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[For <i>obeisance</i>; confused with F. <i>abaisser</i>, E. abase.]
<def>Obeisance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bai"ser</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;"s&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Ivory black or animal charcoal.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><! p. 2 !></p>

<p><hw>A*baist"</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;st"), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<def>Abashed; confounded; discomfited.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*al"ien*ate</hw> (&abreve;b*&amacr;l"y<i>e</i>n*&amacr;t; 94,
106), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>abalienatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>abalienare</i>; <i>ab</i> + <i>alienus</i> foreign, alien. See
<u>Alien</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>To transfer the
title of from one to another; to alienate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To estrange; to withdraw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause alienation of (mind).</def>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*al`ien*a"tion</hw> (-&amacr;l`y<i>e</i>n*&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abalienatio</i>: cf. F.
<i>abali&eacute;nation</i>.] <def>The act of abalienating; alienation;
estrangement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ab`a*lo"ne</hw> (&abreve;b`&adot;*l&omacr;"n&esl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A univalve mollusk of the
genus <i>Haliotis</i>. The shell is lined with mother-of-pearl, and used
for ornamental purposes; the sea-ear. Several large species are found on
the coast of California, clinging closely to the rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*band"</hw> (&adot;*b&abreve;nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Contracted from <i>abandon</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To abandon.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To abandon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote> Enforced the kingdom to <i>aband</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To banish; to expel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mir. for
Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ban"don</hw> (&adot;*b&abreve;n"d&ubreve;n), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Abandoned</u> (-
d&ubreve;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Abandoning</u>.] [OF.
<i>abandoner</i>, F. <i>abandonner</i>; <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) +
<i>bandon</i> permission, authority, LL. <i>bandum</i>, <i>bannum</i>,
public proclamation, interdiction, <i>bannire</i> to proclaim, summon: of
Germanic origin; cf. Goth. <i>bandwjan</i> to show by signs, to designate
OHG. <i>ban</i> proclamation. The word meant to proclaim, put under a ban,
put under control; hence, as in OE., to compel, subject, or to leave in the
control of another, and hence, to give up. See <u>Ban</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cast or drive out; to banish; to expel; to
reject.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That he might . . . <i>abandon</i> them from him.<BR>
<i>Udall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Being all this time <i>abandoned</i> from your bed.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give up absolutely; to forsake entirely ; to
renounce utterly; to relinquish all connection with or concern on; to
desert, as a person to whom one owes allegiance or fidelity; to quit; to
surrender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hope was overthrown, yet could not be <i>abandoned</i>.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Reflexively: To give (one's self) up without
attempt at self-control; to yield (one's self) unrestrainedly; -- often in
a bad sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>abandoned</i> himself . . . to his favorite vice.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mar. Law)</i> <def>To relinquish all claim to; --
used when an insured person gives up to underwriters all claim to the
property covered by a policy, which may remain after loss or damage by a
peril insured against.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To give up; yield; forego; cede; surrender; resign;
abdicate; quit; relinquish; renounce; desert; forsake; leave; retire;
withdraw from. -- <u>To Abandon</u>, <u>Desert</u>, <u>Forsake</u>. These
words agree in representing a person as <i>giving up</i> or <i>leaving</i>
some object, but differ as to the mode of doing it. The distinctive sense
of abandon is that of giving up a thing absolutely and finally; as, to
abandon one's friends, places, opinions, good or evil habits, a hopeless
enterprise, a shipwrecked vessel. <i>Abandon</i> is more widely applicable
than <i>forsake</i> or <i>desert</i>. The Latin original of <i>desert</i>
appears to have been originally applied to the case of deserters from
military service. Hence, the verb, when used of <i>persons</i> in the
active voice, has usually or always a bad sense, implying some breach of
fidelity, honor, etc., the leaving of something which the person should
rightfully stand by and support; as, to <i>desert</i> one's colors, to
<i>desert</i> one's post, to <i>desert</i> one's principles or duty. When
used in the passive, the sense is not necessarily bad; as, the fields were
<i>deserted</i>, a <i>deserted</i> village, <i>deserted</i> halls.
<i>Forsake</i> implies the breaking off of previous habit, association,
personal connection, or that the thing left had been familiar or
frequented; as, to forsake old friends, to <i>forsake</i> the paths of
rectitude, the blood <i>forsook</i> his cheeks. It may be used either in a
good or in a bad sense.</p>

<p><hw>A*ban"don</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>abandon</i>. fr.
<i>abandonner</i>. See <u>Abandon</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<def>Abandonment; relinquishment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||A`ban`don"</hw> (&adot;`b&auml;N`d&ocirc;N"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. See <u>Abandon</u>.] <def>A complete giving up to natural impulses;
freedom from artificial constraint; careless freedom or ease.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ban"doned</hw> (&adot;*b&abreve;n"d&ubreve;nd),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Forsaken, deserted.</def>
"Your <i>abandoned</i> streams."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Self-abandoned, or given up to vice; extremely
wicked, or sinning without restraint; irreclaimably wicked ; as, an
<i>abandoned</i> villain.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Profligate; dissolute; corrupt; vicious; depraved;
reprobate; wicked; unprincipled; graceless; vile. -- <u>Abandoned</u>,
<u>Profligate</u>, <u>Reprobate</u>. These adjectives agree in expressing
the idea of great personal depravity. <u>Profligate</u> has reference to
open and shameless immoralities, either in private life or political
conduct; as, a <u>profligate</u> court, a <u>profligate</u> ministry.
<u>Abandoned</u> is stronger, and has reference to the searing of
conscience and hardening of heart produced by a man's giving himself wholly
up to iniquity; as, a man of <u>abandoned</u> character. <u>Reprobate</u>
describes the condition of one who has become insensible to reproof, and
who is morally abandoned and lost beyond hope of recovery.</p>

<p><blockquote>God gave them over to a <i>reprobate</i> mind.<BR>
<i>Rom. i. 28.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*ban"doned*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Unrestrainedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ban`don*ee"</hw> (&adot;*b&abreve;n`d&ubreve;n*&emacr;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One to whom anything is legally
abandoned.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ban"don*er</hw> (&adot;*b&abreve;n"d&ubreve;n*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who abandons.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ban"don*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>abandonnement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of abandoning, or
the state of being abandoned; total desertion; relinquishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>abandonment</i> of the independence of Europe.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mar. Law)</i> <def>The relinquishment by the
insured to the underwriters of what may remain of the property insured
after a loss or damage by a peril insured against.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
relinquishment of a right, claim, or privilege, as to mill site, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The voluntary leaving of a person to whom one is
bound by a special relation, as a wife, husband, or child;
desertion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Careless freedom or ease; abandon.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*ban"dum</hw> (&adot;*b&abreve;n"d&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. See <u>Abandon</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Anything
forfeited or confiscated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"a*net</hw> (&abreve;b"&adot;*n&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Abnet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*ban"ga</hw> (&adot;*b&abreve;&nsm;"g&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Name given by the negroes in the island of St.
Thomas.] <def>A West Indian palm; also the fruit of this palm, the seeds of
which are used as a remedy for diseases of the chest.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ab`an*na"tion</hw> (&abreve;b`&abreve;n*n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<hw>Ab`an*nition</hw> (&abreve;b`&abreve;n*n&ibreve;sh"&ubreve;n), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>abannatio</i>; <i>ad</i> + LL. <i>bannire</i>
to banish.] <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>Banishment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`ar*tic`u*la"tion</hw>
(acr/b`&auml;r*t&ibreve;k`&usl;*l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>ab</i> + E. <i>articulation</i> : cf. F. <i>abarticulation</i>. See
<u>Article</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Articulation, usually that kind of
articulation which admits of free motion in the joint; diarthrosis.</def>
<i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*base"</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Abased</u> (&adot;*b&amacr;st");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Abasing</u>.] [F. <i>abaisser</i>, LL.
<i>abassare</i>, <i>abbassare</i> ; <i>ad</i> + <i>bassare</i>, fr.
<i>bassus</i> low. See <u>Base</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lower or depress; to throw or cast down; as, to
<i>abase</i> the eye.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Saying so, he <i>abased</i> his lance.<BR>
<i>Shelton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cast down or reduce low or lower, as in rank,
office, condition in life, or estimation of worthiness; to depress; to
humble; to degrade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever exalteth himself shall be <i>abased</i>.<BR>
<i>Luke xiv. ll.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Abase</u>, <u>Debase</u>, <u>Degrade</u>. These
words agree in the idea of bringing down from a higher to a lower state.
<i>Abase</i> has reference to a bringing down in condition or feelings; as,
to <i>abase</i> the proud, to <i>abase</i> one's self before God.
<i>Debase</i> has reference to the bringing down of a thing in purity, or
<i>making it base</i>. It is, therefore, always used in a bad sense, as, to
<i>debase</i> the coin of the kingdom, to <i>debase</i> the mind by vicious
indulgence, to <i>debase</i> one's style by coarse or vulgar expressions.
<i>Degrade</i> has reference to a bringing down from some higher
<i>grade</i> or from some standard. Thus, a priest is <i>degraded</i> from
the clerical office. When used in a moral sense, it denotes a bringing down
in character and just estimation; as, <i>degraded</i> by intemperance, a
<i>degrading</i> employment, etc. "Art is <i>degraded</i> when it is
regarded only as a trade."</p>

<p><hw>A*based"</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;st"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lowered; humbled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> [F. <i>abaiss&eacute;</i>.] <def>Borne
lower than usual, as a fess; also, having the ends of the wings turned
downward towards the point of the shield.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bas"ed*ly</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;s"&ebreve;d*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Abjectly; downcastly.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*base"ment</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;s"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>abaissement</i>.] <def>The act of abasing,
humbling, or bringing low; the state of being abased or humbled;
humiliation.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bas"er</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;s"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>He who, or that which, abases.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bash"</hw> (&adot;*b&abreve;sh"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Abashed</u> (&adot;*b&abreve;sht");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Abashing</u>.] [OE. <i>abaissen</i>,
<i>abaisshen</i>, <i>abashen</i>, OF. <i>esbahir</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;bahir</i>, to astonish, fr. L. <i>ex</i> + the interjection
<i>bah</i>, expressing astonishment. In OE. somewhat confused with
<i>abase</i>. Cf. <u>Finish</u>.] <def>To destroy the self-possession of;
to confuse or confound, as by exciting suddenly a consciousness of guilt,
mistake, or inferiority; to put to shame; to disconcert; to
discomfit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Abashed</i>, the devil stood,<BR>
And felt how awful goodness is.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a man whom no check could <i>abash</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To confuse; confound; disconcert; shame.  -- To
<u>Abash</u>, Confuse, <u>Confound</u>. <i>Abash</i> is a stronger word
than <i>confuse</i>, but not so strong as <i>confound</i>. We are
<i>abashed</i> when struck either with sudden shame or with a humbling
sense of inferiority; as, Peter was <i>abashed</i> by the look of his
Master.  So a modest youth is <i>abashed</i> in the presence of those who
are greatly his superiors. We are <i>confused</i> when, from some
unexpected or startling occurrence, we lose clearness of thought and self-
possession. Thus, a witness is often <i>confused</i> by a severe cross-
examination; a timid person is apt to be <i>confused</i> in entering a room
full of strangers. We are <i>confounded</i> when our minds are overwhelmed,
as it were, by something wholly unexpected, amazing, dreadful, etc., so
that we have nothing to say. Thus, a criminal is usually <i>confounded</i>
at the discovery of his guilt.</p>

<p><blockquote>Satan stood<BR>
Awhile as mute, <i>confounded</i> what to say.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*bash"ed*ly</hw> (-&ebreve;d*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In an abashed manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bash"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;bahissement</i>.] <def>The state of being abashed; confusion
from shame.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||A*bas"si</hw> (&adot;*b&abreve;s"s&ibreve;),
<hw>||A*bas"sis</hw> (&adot;*b&abreve;s"s&ibreve;s), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Ar. &amp; Per. <i>ab&amacr;s&imacr;</i>, belonging to Abas (a king of
Persia).] <def>A silver coin of Persia, worth about twenty cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bat"a*ble</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;t"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being abated; as, an <i>abatable</i> writ or
nuisance.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bate"</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Abated</u>, <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Abating</u>.] [OF. <i>abatre</i> to beat down, F.
<i>abattre</i>, LL. <i>abatere</i>; <i>ab</i> or <i>ad</i> + <i>batere</i>,
<i>battere</i> (popular form for L. <i>batuere</i> to beat). Cf.
<u>Bate</u>, <u>Batter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat down; to
overthrow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The King of Scots . . . sore <i>abated</i> the walls.<BR>
<i>Edw. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring down or reduce from a higher to a lower
state, number, or degree; to lessen; to diminish; to contract; to moderate;
to cut short; as, to <i>abate</i> a demand; to <i>abate</i> pride, zeal,
hope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eye was not dim, nor his natural force
<i>abated</i>.<BR>
<i>Deut. xxxiv. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deduct; to omit; as, to <i>abate</i>
something from a price.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nine thousand parishes, <i>abating</i> the odd hundreds.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To blunt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>abate</i> the edge of envy.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To reduce in estimation; to deprive.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She hath <i>abated</i> me of half my train.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To bring
entirely down or put an end to; to do away with; as, to <i>abate</i> a
nuisance, to <i>abate</i> a writ.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <def>To diminish; to reduce. Legacies are liable to be
<i>abated</i> entirely or in proportion, upon a deficiency of
assets.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To abate a tax</b></col>, <cd>to remit it either wholly or in
part.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*bate"</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;t"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Abate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To decrease,
or become less in strength or violence; as, pain <i>abates</i>, a storm
<i>abates</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fury of Glengarry . . . rapidly <i>abated</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be defeated, or come to naught; to fall
through; to fail; as, a writ <i>abates</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To abate into a freehold</b></col>, <col><b>To abate in
lands</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to enter into a freehold after the death
of the last possessor, and before the heir takes possession. See
<u>Abatement</u>, 4.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To subside; decrease; intermit; decline; diminish;
lessen.  -- To <u>Abate</u>, <u>Subside</u>. These words, as here compared,
imply a coming down from some previously raised or excited state.
<i>Abate</i> expresses this in respect to degrees, and implies a diminution
of force or of intensity; as, the storm <i>abates</i>, the cold
<i>abates</i>, the force of the wind <i>abates</i>; or, the wind
<i>abates</i>, a fever <i>abates</i>. <i>Subside</i> (to settle down) has
reference to a previous state of agitation or commotion; as, the waves
<i>subside</i> after a storm, the wind <i>subsides</i> into a calm. When
the words are used figuratively, the same distinction should be observed.
If we conceive of a thing as having different degrees of intensity or
strength, the word to be used is <i>abate</i>. Thus we say, a man's anger
<i>abates</i>, the ardor of one's love <i>abates</i>, "Winter's rage
<i>abates</i>". But if the image be that of a sinking down into quiet from
preceding excitement or commotion, the word to be used is <i>subside</i>;
as, the tumult of the people <i>subsides</i>, the public mind
<i>subsided</i> into a calm. The same is the case with those emotions which
are tumultuous in their nature; as, his passion <i>subsides</i>, his joy
quickly <i>subsided</i>, his grief <i>subsided</i> into a pleasing
melancholy. Yet if, in such cases, we were thinking of the degree of
violence of the emotion, we might use <i>abate</i>; as, his joy will
<i>abate</i> in the progress of time; and so in other instances.</p>

<p><hw>A*bate</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Abatement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bate"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>abatement</i>, F. <i>abattement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
abating, or the state of being abated; a lessening, diminution, or
reduction; removal or putting an end to; as, the <i>abatement</i> of a
nuisance is the suppression thereof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The amount abated; that which is taken away by
way of reduction; deduction; decrease; a rebate or discount
allowed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A mark of dishonor on an
escutcheon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The entry of a stranger, without
right, into a freehold after the death of the last possessor, before the
heir or devisee.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Defense in abatement</b></col>, <col><b>Plea in
abatement</b></col>, <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>plea to the effect that from some
formal defect (e.g. misnomer, want of jurisdiction) the proceedings should
be abated.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*bat"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, abates.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ab"a*tis</hw>, <hw>Aba"t*tis</hw>, } (&abreve;b"&adot;*t&ibreve;s;
<i>French</i> &adot;`b&adot;`t&emacr;") <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>abatis</i>, <i>abattis</i>, mass of things beaten or cut down, fr.
<i>abattre</i>. See <u>Abate</u>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A means of defense
formed by felled trees, the ends of whose branches are sharpened and
directed outwards, or against the enemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"a*tised</hw> (&abreve;b"&adot;*t&ibreve;st), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Provided with an abatis.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ba"tor</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;t"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who abates a nuisance.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A person who, without right, enters into a
freehold on the death of the last possessor, before the heir or
devisee.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A`bat`toir"</hw> (&adot;`b&adot;t`tw&auml;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Abattoirs</b></plw> (-
tw&auml;rz"). [F., fr. <i>abattre</i> to beat down. See <u>Abate</u>.]
<def>A public slaughterhouse for cattle, sheep, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"a*ture</hw> (&adot;b"&adot;*t&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>abatture</i>, fr. <i>abattre</i>. See <u>Abate</u>.] <def>Grass and
sprigs beaten or trampled down by a stag passing through them.</def>
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A`bat`voix"</hw> (&adot;`b&adot;`vw&auml;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>abattre</i> to beat down + <i>voix</i> voice.] <def>The sounding-
board over a pulpit or rostrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*awed"</hw> (&abreve;b*&add;d"), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> [Perh. p.
p. of a verb fr. OF. <i>abaubir</i> to frighten, disconcert, fr. L.
<i>ad</i> + <i>balbus</i> stammering.] <def>Astonished; abashed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ab*ax"i*al</hw> (&abreve;b*&abreve;ks"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l),
<hw>Ab*ax"ile</hw> (&abreve;b*&abreve;ks"&ibreve;l),} <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>ab</i> + <i>axis</i> axle.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Away from the axis or
central line; eccentric.</def>  <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bay"</hw> (&adot;*b&amacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>abay</i> barking.] <def>Barking; baying of dogs upon their prey. See
<u>Bay</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Abb</hw> (&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&amacr;web</i>,
<i>&amacr;b</i>; pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>web</i>. See <u>Web</u>.] <def>Among
weavers, yarn for the warp. Hence, <u><i>abb wool</i></u> is wool for the
<i>abb</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ba</hw> (&abreve;b"b&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Syriac
<i>abb&amacr;</i> father. See <u>Abbot</u>.] <def>Father; religious
superior; -- in the Syriac, Coptic, and Ethiopic churches, a title given to
the bishops, and by the bishops to the patriarch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ba*cy</hw> (&abreve;b"b&adot;*s&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Abbacies</b></plw> (-s&ibreve;z). [L. <i>abbatia</i>,
fr. <i>abbas</i>, <i>abbatis</i>, abbot. See <u>Abbey</u>.] <def>The
dignity, estate, or jurisdiction of an abbot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ba"tial</hw> (&abreve;b*b&amacr;"sh<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>abbatialis</i> : cf. F. <i>abbatial</i>.]
<def>Belonging to an abbey; as, <i>abbatial</i> rights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*bat"ic*al</hw> (&abreve;b*b&abreve;t"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abbatial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ab"b&eacute;`</hw> (&adot;b"b&asl;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>abb&eacute;</i>. See <u>Abbot</u>.] <def>The French word answering to
the English <i>abbot</i>, the head of an abbey; but commonly a title of
respect given in France to every one vested with the ecclesiastical habit
or dress.</def></p>

<p>&fist; After the 16th century, the name was given, in social parlance,
to candidates for some priory or abbey in the gift of the crown. Many of
these aspirants became well known in literary and fashionable life. By
further extension, the name came to be applied to unbeneficed secular
ecclesiastics generally.  <i>Littr&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"bess</hw> (&abreve;b"b&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>abaesse</i>, <i>abeesse</i>, F. <i>abbesse</i>, L. <i>abbatissa</i>,
fem. of <i>abbas</i>, <i>abbatis</i>, abbot. See <u>Abbot</u>.] <def>A
female superior or governess of a nunnery, or convent of nuns, having the
same authority over the nuns which the abbots have over the monks. See
<u>Abbey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"bey</hw> (&abreve;b"b&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Abbeys</b></plw> (-b&ibreve;z). [OF. <i>aba&iuml;e</i>,
<i>abba&iuml;e</i>, F. <i>abbaye</i>, L. <i>abbatia</i>, fr. <i>abbas</i>
abbot. See <u>Abbot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A monastery or society of
persons of either sex, secluded from the world and devoted to religion and
celibacy; also, the monastic building or buildings.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The men are called monks, and governed by an abbot; the women are
called nuns, and governed by an abbess.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The church of a monastery.</def></p>

<p>In London, <i>the Abbey</i> means Westminster Abbey, and in Scotland,
the precincts of the Abbey of Holyrood. The name is also retained for a
private residence on the site of an abbey; as, Newstead <i>Abbey</i>, the
residence of Lord Byron.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Monastery; convent; nunnery; priory; cloister. See
<u>Cloister</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 3 !></p>

<p><hw>Ab"bot</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>abbod</i>,
<i>abbad</i>, L. <i>abbas</i>, <i>abbatis</i>, Gr. <grk>'abba^s</grk>, fr.
Syriac <i>abb&amacr;</i> father. Cf. <u>Abba</u>, <u>Abb&eacute;</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The superior or head of an abbey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a class of bishops whose sees were
formerly abbeys.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Abbot of the people</b></col>. <cd>a title formerly given to one
of the chief magistrates in Genoa.</cd> -- <col><b>Abbot of
Misrule</b></col> (or <col><b>Lord of Misrule</b></col>), <cd>in
medi&aelig;val times, the master of revels, as at Christmas; in Scotland
called the <u>Abbot of Unreason</u>.</cd>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"bot*ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Abbot</i> + <i>-
ship</i>.] <def>The state or office of an abbot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abbreviated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abbreviating</u>.] [L. <i>abbreviatus</i>, p. p. of <i>abbreviare</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>breviare</i> to shorten, fr. <i>brevis</i> short. See
<u>Abridge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make briefer; to shorten; to
abridge; to reduce by contraction or omission, especially of words written
or spoken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is one thing to <i>abbreviate</i> by contracting, another
by cutting off.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To reduce to lower terms, as a
fraction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>abbreviatus</i>, p. p.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abbreviated; abridged;
shortened.</def> [R.] "The <i>abbreviate</i> form."  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having one part relatively
shorter than another or than the ordinary type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An abridgment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shortened;
relatively short; abbreviate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre`vi*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>abbreviatio</i>: cf. F. <i>abbr&eacute;viation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of shortening, or reducing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The result of abbreviating; an abridgment.</def>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The form to which a word or phrase is reduced by
contraction and omission; a letter or letters, standing for a word or
phrase of which they are a part; as, <i>Gen.</i> for <i>Genesis</i>;
<i>U.S.A.</i> for <i>United States of America</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One dash, or more, through the
stem of a note, dividing it respectively into quavers, semiquavers, or
demi-semiquavers.</def>  <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*a`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.: cf. F.
<i>abbr&eacute;viateur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who abbreviates or
shortens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a college of seventy-two officers of the
papal court whose duty is to make a short minute of a decision on a
petition, or reply of the pope to a letter, and afterwards expand the
minute into official form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving or
tending to abbreviate; shortening; abridging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*bre"vi*a*ture</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An abbreviation; an abbreviated state or form.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An abridgment; a compendium or
abstract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is an excellent <i>abbreviature</i> of the whole duty
of a Christian.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Abb" wool</hw> (&abreve;b" w&oocr;l). <def>See <u>Abb</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A B C"</hw> (&amacr; b&emacr; s&emacr;"). <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The first three letters of the alphabet, used for the whole
alphabet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A primer for teaching the alphabet and first
elements of reading.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The simplest rudiments of any subject; as, the
<i>A B C</i> of finance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A B C book</b></col>, <cd>a primer.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ab"dal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>bad&imacr;l</i>,
pl. <i>abd&amacr;l</i>, a substitute, a good, religious man, saint, fr.
<i>badala</i> to change, substitute.] <def>A religious devotee or dervish
in Persia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*de"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>Abdera</i>, a
town in Thrace, of which place Democritus, the Laughing Philosopher, was a
native.] <def>Given to laughter; inclined to foolish or incessant
merriment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*de"rite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Abderita</i>,
<i>Abderites</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>'Abdhri`ths</grk>.] <def>An inhabitant of
Abdera, in Thrace.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Abderite</b></col>, <cd>Democritus, the Laughing
Philosopher.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ab"dest</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>&amacr;bdast</i>;
<i>ab</i> water + <i>dast</i> hand.] <def>Purification by washing the hands
before prayer; -- a Mohammedan rite.</def>  <i>Heyse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*ca*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
abdicated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*cant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abdicans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>abdicare</i>.] <def>Abdicating; renouncing; -- followed by
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Monks <i>abdicant</i> of their orders.<BR>
<i>Whitlock.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*cant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who abdicates.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abdicated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abdicating</u>.] [L. <i>abdicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>abdicare</i>;
<i>ab</i> + <i>dicare</i> to proclaim, akin to <i>dicere</i> to say. See
<u>Diction</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To surrender or relinquish, as
sovereign power; to withdraw definitely from filling or exercising, as a
high office, station, dignity; as, to <i>abdicate</i> the throne, the
crown, the papacy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>abdicate</i> was held to mean, in the case of James
II., to abandon without a formal surrender.</p>

<p><blockquote>The cross-bearers <i>abdicated</i> their service.<BR>
<i>Gibbon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To renounce; to relinquish; -- said of
authority, a trust, duty, right, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>abdicates</i> all right to be his own governor.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The understanding <i>abdicates</i> its functions.<BR>
<i>Froude.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reject; to cast off.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>To disclaim and expel from
the family, as a father his child; to disown; to disinherit.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To give up; quit; vacate; relinquish; forsake; abandon;
resign; renounce; desert.  -- To <u>Abdicate</u>, <u>Resign</u>.
<i>Abdicate</i> commonly expresses the act of a monarch in voluntary and
formally yielding up sovereign authority; as, to <i>abdicate</i> the
government. <i>Resign</i> is applied to the act of any person, high or low,
who gives back an office or trust into the hands of him who conferred it.
Thus, a minister <i>resigns</i>, a military officer <i>resigns</i>, a clerk
<i>resigns</i>. The expression, "The king <i>resigned</i> his crown,"
sometimes occurs in our later literature, implying that he held it from his
people. -- There are other senses of <i>resign</i> which are not here
brought into view.</p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To relinquish or
renounce a throne, or other high office or dignity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though a king may <i>abdicate</i> for his own person, he
cannot <i>abdicate</i> for the monarchy.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab`di*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abdicatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>abdication</i>.] <def>The act of abdicating; the renunciation of
a high office, dignity, or trust, by its holder; commonly the voluntary
renunciation of sovereign power; as, <i>abdication</i> of the throne,
government, power, authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*ca*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>abdicativus</i>.] <def>Causing, or implying, abdication.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*ca`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
abdicates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abditivus</i>,
fr. <i>abdere</i> to hide.] <def>Having the quality of hiding.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"di*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abditorium</i>.]
<def>A place for hiding or preserving articles of value.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*do"men</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abdomen</i> (a
word of uncertain etymol.): cf. F. <i>abdomen</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The belly, or that part of the body between the thorax
and the pelvis. Also, the cavity of the belly, which is lined by the
peritoneum, and contains the stomach, bowels, and other viscera. In man,
often restricted to the part between the diaphragm and the commencement of
the pelvis, the remainder being called the pelvic cavity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The posterior section of the
body, behind the thorax, in insects, crustaceans, and other
Arthropoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*dom"i*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>abdominal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the abdomen;
ventral; as, the <i>abdominal</i> regions, muscles, cavity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having abdominal fins;
belonging to the Abdominales; as, <i>abdominal</i> fishes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Abdominal ring</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a fancied ringlike
opening on each side of the abdomen, external and superior to the
<i>pubes</i>; -- called also <i>inguinal ring</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ab*dom"i*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; E. pl.
<plw><b>Abdominals</b></plw>, L. pl. <plw><b>Abdominales</b></plw>. <def>A
fish of the group Abdominales.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ab*dom`i*na"les</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., masc.
pl.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group including the greater part of fresh-
water fishes, and many marine ones, having the ventral fins under the
abdomen behind the pectorals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ab*dom`i*na"li*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., neut.
pl.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of cirripeds having abdominal
appendages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*dom`i*nos"co*py</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>abdomen</i> + Gr. &?; to examine.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Examination of the
abdomen to detect abdominal disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*dom`i*no*tho*rac"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to the abdomen and the thorax, or chest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*dom"i*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
protuberant belly; pot-bellied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gorgonius sits, <i>abdominous</i> and wan,<BR>
Like a fat squab upon a Chinese fan.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*duce"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abduced</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abducing</u>.] [L. <i>abducere</i> to lead away; <i>ab</i> +
<i>ducere</i> to lead. See <u>Duke</u>, and cf. <u>Abduct</u>.] <def>To
draw or conduct away; to withdraw; to draw to a different part.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If we <i>abduce</i> the eye unto either corner, the object
will not duplicate.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*duct"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abducted</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abducting</u>.] [L. <i>abductus</i>, p. p. of <i>abducere</i>. See
<u>Abduce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take away surreptitiously by
force; to carry away (a human being) wrongfully and usually by violence; to
kidnap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw away, as a limb or other part, from its
ordinary position.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*duc"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abductio</i>:
cf. F. <i>abduction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of abducing or
abducting; a drawing apart; a carrying away.</def>  <i>Roget.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The movement which separates a
limb or other part from the axis, or middle line, of the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The wrongful, and usually the
forcible, carrying off of a human being; as, the <i>abduction</i> of a
child, the <i>abduction</i> of an heiress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A syllogism or form of argument
in which the major is evident, but the minor is only probable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*duc"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who abducts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which serves to draw a
part out, or form the median line of the body; as, the <i>abductor
oculi</i>, which draws the eye outward.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*beam"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>beam</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>On the beam, that is, on a line which
forms a right angle with the ship's keel; opposite to the center of the
ship's side.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bear"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&amacr;beran</i>; pref. <i>&amacr;-</i> + <i>beran</i> to bear.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bear; to behave.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So did the faery knight himself <i>abear</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put up with; to endure.</def> [Prov.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bear"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Behavior.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bear"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Behavior.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir. T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>A`be*ce*da"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>abecedarius</i>. A word from the first four letters of the alphabet.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is learning the alphabet; hence, a
tyro.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One engaged in teaching the alphabet.</def>
<i>Wood.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A`be*ce*da"ri*an</hw>, <hw>A`be*ce"da*ry</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or formed by, the letters of the
alphabet; alphabetic; hence, rudimentary.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Abecedarian psalms</b></col>, <col><b>hymns</b></col>, <cd>etc.,
compositions in which (like the 119th psalm in Hebrew) distinct portions or
verses commence with successive letters of the alphabet.</cd>
<i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>A`be*ce"da*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A primer; the
first principle or rudiment of anything.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> in, on +
<i>bed</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In bed, or on the bed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not to be <i>abed</i> after midnight.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To childbed (in the phrase "<i>brought
abed</i>," that is, delivered of a child).</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*beg"ge</hw> (&?;). <def>Same as <u>Aby</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bele"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>abeel</i> (<i>abeel-
boom</i>), OF. <i>abel</i>, <i>aubel</i>, fr. a dim. of L. <i>albus</i>
white.] <def>The white poplar (<i>Populus alba</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Six <i>abeles</i> i' the churchyard grow.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*bel"i*an</hw> (&?;), <hw>A"bel*ite</hw> (&?;),
<hw>A`bel*o"ni*an</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of a sect in Africa (4th century), mentioned by St. Augustine, who
states that they married, but lived in continence, after the manner, as
they pretended, of Abel.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"bel*mosk`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>abelmoschus</i>, fr. Ar. <i>abu-l-misk</i> father of musk, <i>i. e.</i>,
producing musk. See <u>Musk</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An evergreen shrub
(<i>Hibiscus</i> -- formerly <i>Abelmoschus -- moschatus</i>), of the East
and West Indies and Northern Africa, whose musky seeds are used in
perfumery and to flavor coffee; -- sometimes called <i>musk
mallow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab`er-de-vine"</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European siskin (<i>Carduelis spinus</i>), a small green and
yellow finch, related to the goldfinch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*err"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>aberrare</i>. See
<u>Aberrate</u>.] <def>To wander; to stray.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ab*er"rance</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ab*er"ran*cy</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being aberrant; a wandering from the
right way; deviation from truth, rectitude, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aberrancy of curvature</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the
deviation of a curve from a circular form.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ab*er"rant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aberrans</i>,
<i>-rantis</i>, p. pr. of <i>aberrare</i>. See <u>Aberr</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wandering; straying from the right way.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Deviating from the ordinary or
natural type; exceptional; abnormal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The more <i>aberrant</i> any form is, the greater must have
been the number of connecting forms which, on my theory, have been
exterminated.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab"er*rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>aberratus</i>,
p. pr. of <i>aberrare</i>; <i>ab</i> + <i>errare</i> to wander. See
<u>Err</u>.] <def>To go astray; to diverge.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their own defective and <i>aberrating</i> vision.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab`er*ra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aberratio</i>:
cf. F. <i>aberration</i>. See <u>Aberrate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of wandering; deviation, especially from truth or moral rectitude, from
the natural state, or from a type.</def>   "The <i>aberration</i> of
youth." <i>Hall.</i> "<i>Aberrations</i> from theory." <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A partial alienation of reason.</def>
"Occasional <i>aberrations</i> of intellect." <i>Lingard.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whims, which at first are the <i>aberrations</i> of a single
brain, pass with heat into epidemic form.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A small periodical change of
position in the stars and other heavenly bodies, due to the combined effect
of the motion of light and the motion of the observer; called <i>annual
aberration</i>, when the observer's motion is that of the earth in its
orbit, and <i>daily</i> or <i>diurnal aberration</i>, when of the earth on
its axis; amounting when greatest, in the former case, to 20.4'', and in
the latter, to 0.3''. <i>Planetary aberration</i> is that due to the motion
of light and the motion of the planet relative to the earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The convergence to different foci,
by a lens or mirror, of rays of light emanating from one and the same
point, or the deviation of such rays from a single focus; called
<i>spherical aberration</i>, when due to the spherical form of the lens or
mirror, such form giving different foci for central and marginal rays; and
<i>chromatic aberration</i>, when due to different refrangibilities of the
colored rays of the spectrum, those of each color having a distinct
focus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The passage of blood or other
fluid into parts not appropriate for it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The producing of an unintended
effect by the glancing of an instrument, as when a shot intended for A
glances and strikes B.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insanity; lunacy; madness; derangement; alienation;
mania; dementia; hallucination; illusion; delusion. See
<u>Insanity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ab`er*ra"tion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized
by aberration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab`e*run"cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aberuncare</i>, for <i>aberruncare</i>. See <u>Averruncate</u>.] <def>To
weed out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`e*run"ca*tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A weeding
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bet"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abetted</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abetting</u>.] [OF. <i>abeter</i>; <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) +
<i>beter</i> to bait (as a bear), fr. Icel. <i>beita</i> to set dogs on, to
feed, originally, to cause to bite, fr. Icel. <i>b&imacr;ta</i> to bite,
hence to bait, to incite. See <u>Bait</u>, <u>Bet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To instigate or encourage by aid or countenance; -- used in a bad
sense of persons and acts; as, to <i>abet</i> an ill-doer; to <i>abet</i>
one in his wicked courses; to <i>abet</i> vice; to <i>abet</i> an
insurrection.</def> "The whole tribe <i>abets</i> the villany."
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Would not the fool <i>abet</i> the stealth,<BR>
Who rashly thus exposed his wealth?<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To support, uphold, or aid; to maintain; -- in a
good sense.</def> [Obs.].</p>

<p><blockquote>Our duty is urged, and our confidence <i>abetted</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To contribute, as an assistant or
instigator, to the commission of an offense.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To incite; instigate; set on; egg on; foment; advocate;
countenance; encourage; second; uphold; aid; assist; support; sustain;
back; connive at.</p>

<p><hw>A*bet"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>abet</i>, fr.
<i>abeter</i>.] <def>Act of abetting; aid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bet"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
abetting; as, an <i>abetment</i> of treason, crime, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bet"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Abetment.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><! p. 4 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*bet"ter</hw>, <hw>A*bet*tor</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who abets; an instigator of an offense or an offender.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The form <i>abettor</i> is the legal term and also in general
use.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Abettor</u>, <u>Accessory</u>, <u>Accomplice</u>.
These words denote different degrees of complicity in some deed or crime.
An <i>abettor</i> is one who incites or encourages to the act, without
sharing in its performance. An <i>accessory</i> supposes a principal
offender. One who is neither the chief actor in an offense, nor present at
its performance, but <i>accedes</i> to or becomes involved in its guilt,
either by some previous or subsequent act, as of instigating, encouraging,
aiding, or concealing, etc., is an <i>accessory</i>.  An <i>accomplice</i>
is one who participates in the commission of an offense, whether as
principal or accessory. Thus in treason, there are no <i>abettors</i> or
<i>accessories</i>, but all are held to be principals or
<i>accomplices</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ab`e*vac"u*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ab-</i>
+ <i>evacuation</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A partial evacuation.</def>
<i>Mayne.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bey"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>abeance</i>
expectation, longing; <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>baer</i>, <i>beer</i>,
to gape, to look with open mouth, to expect, F. <i>bayer</i>, LL.
<i>badare</i> to gape.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Expectancy;
condition of being undetermined.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When there is no person in existence in whom an inheritance (or a
dignity) can vest, it is said to be in <i>abeyance</i>, that is, in
expectation; the law considering it as always potentially existing, and
ready to vest whenever a proper owner appears.  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suspension; temporary suppression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Keeping the sympathies of love and admiration in a dormant
state, or state of <i>abeyance</i>.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*bey"an*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Abeyance.</def>
[R.]  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bey"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in a state of
abeyance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ab"hal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The berries of a
species of cypress in the East Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*hom"i*na*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Abominable.</def> [A false orthography anciently used; <i>h</i> was
foisted into various words; hence <i>abholish</i>, for <i>abolish</i>,
etc.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This is <i>abhominable</i>, which he [Don Armado] would call
<i>abominable</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak. Love's Labor's Lost, v. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*hom`i*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ab</i> away
from + <i>homo</i>, <i>hominis</i>, man.] <def>Inhuman.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abhorred</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abhorring</u>.] [L. <i>abhorrere</i>; <i>ab</i> + <i>horrere</i> to
bristle, shiver, shudder: cf. F. <i>abhorrer</i>. See <u>Horrid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shrink back with shuddering from; to regard with
horror or detestation; to feel excessive repugnance toward; to detest to
extremity; to loathe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Abhor</i> that which is evil; cleave to that which is
good.<BR>
<i>Rom. xii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill with horror or disgust.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It doth <i>abhor</i> me now I speak the word.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Canon Law)</i> <def>To protest against; to reject
solemnly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I utterly <i>abhor</i>, yea, from my soul<BR>
Refuse you for my judge.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hate; detest; loathe; abominate. See <u>Hate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shrink back with
horror, disgust, or dislike; to be contrary or averse; -- with</def>
<i>from</i>. [Obs.] "To <i>abhor</i> from those vices."  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which is utterly <i>abhorring</i> from the end of all
law.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"rence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Extreme hatred or
detestation; the feeling of utter dislike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"ren*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Abhorrence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"rent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abhorens</i>,
<i>-rentis</i>, p. pr. of <i>abhorrere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abhorring; detesting; having or showing abhorrence; loathing; hence,
strongly opposed to; as, <i>abhorrent</i> thoughts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The persons most <i>abhorrent</i> from blood and
treason.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The arts of pleasure in despotic courts<BR>
I spurn <i>abhorrent</i>.<BR>
<i>Clover.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contrary or repugnant; discordant; inconsistent;
-- followed by <i>to</i>.</def> "Injudicious profanation, so
<i>abhorrent</i> to our stricter principles."  <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Detestable.</def> "Pride, <i>abhorrent</i> as it
is."  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"rent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
abhorrence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"rer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
abhors.</def>  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"ri*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Detestable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*hor"ring</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Detestation.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Object of abhorrence.</def>  <i>Isa. lxvi.
24.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A"bib</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>ab&imacr;b</i>,
lit. an ear of corn. The month was so called from barley being at that time
in ear.] <def>The first month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year,
corresponding nearly to our April. After the Babylonish captivity this
month was called <i>Nisan</i>.</def>  <i>Kitto.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bid"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
abiding; abode; continuance; compliance (<i>with</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Christians had no longer <i>abidance</i> in the holy
hill of Palestine.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A judicious <i>abidance</i> by rules.<BR>
<i>Helps.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*bide"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abode</u> (&?;), formerly <u>Abid</u>(&?;); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Abiding</u> (&?;).] [AS. <i>&amacr;b&imacr;dan</i>;
pref. <i>&amacr;-</i> (cf. Goth. <i>us-</i>, G. <i>er-</i>, orig. meaning
<i>out</i>) + <i>b&imacr;dan</i> to bide. See <u>Bide</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wait; to pause; to delay.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stay; to continue in a place; to have one's
abode; to dwell; to sojourn; -- with <i>with</i> before a person, and
commonly with <i>at</i> or <i>in</i> before a place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the damsel abide with us a few days.<BR>
<i>Gen. xxiv. 55.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remain stable or fixed in some state or
condition; to continue; to remain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let every man <i>abide</i> in the same calling.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. vii. 20.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Followed by <i>by</i>: <col><b>To abide by</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To stand to; to adhere; to maintain.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The poor fellow was obstinate enough <i>to abide by</i> what
he said at first.<BR>
<i>Fielding.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To acquiesce; to conform to; as, <i>to abide
by</i> a decision or an award.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*bide"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
wait for; to be prepared for; to await; to watch for; as, I <i>abide</i> my
time.</def> "I will <i>abide</i> the coming of my lord."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>[[Obs.], with a <i>personal</i> object.</p>

<p><blockquote>Bonds and afflictions <i>abide</i> me.<BR>
<i>Acts xx. 23.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endure; to sustain; to submit to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Thou] shalt <i>abide</i> her judgment on it.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bear patiently; to tolerate; to put up
with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She could not <i>abide</i> Master Shallow.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Confused with <i>aby</i> to pay for. See
<u>Aby</u>.] <def>To stand the consequences of; to answer for; to suffer
for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dearly I <i>abide</i> that boast so vain.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*bid"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who abides, or continues.</def> [Obs.] "Speedy goers and strong
<i>abiders</i>."  <i>Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who dwells; a resident.</def>
<i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bid"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Continuing;
lasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bid"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Permanently.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A"bi*es</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fir tree.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of coniferous trees, properly called Fir, as the
balsam fir and the silver fir. The spruces are sometimes also referred to
this genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"i*e*tene</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abies</i>,
<i>abietis</i>, a fir tree.] <def>A volatile oil distilled from the resin
or balsam of the nut pine (<i>Pinus sabiniana</i>) of California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab`i*et"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the fir tree or its products; as, <i>abietic</i> acid, called also
<i>sylvic</i> acid.</def>  <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ab"i*e*tin</hw>, <hw>Ab"i*e*tine</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Abietene</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A resinous
obtained from Strasburg turpentine or Canada balsam. It is without taste or
smell, is insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol (especially at the
boiling point), in strong acetic acid, and in ether.</def>
<i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`i*e*tin"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to abietin; as, <i>abietinic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"i*e*tite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
substance resembling mannite, found in the needles of the common silver fir
of Europe (<i>Abies pectinata</i>).</def>  <i>Eng. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"i*gail</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The proper name used as
an appellative.] <def>A lady's waiting-maid.</def>  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>abigail</i> reported that Mrs. Gutheridge had a set
of night curls for sleeping in.<BR>
<i>Leslie.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*bil"i*ment</hw> (&adot;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Habiliment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Abilities</b></plw>(&?;). [F. <i>habilet&eacute;</i>, earlier
spelling <i>habilit&eacute;</i> (with silent <i>h</i>), L. <i>habilitas</i>
aptitude, ability, fr. <i>habilis</i> apt. See <u>Able</u>.] <def>The
quality or state of being able; power to perform, whether physical, moral,
intellectual, conventional, or legal; capacity; skill or competence in
doing; sufficiency of strength, skill, resources, etc.; -- in the
<i>plural</i>, faculty, talent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then the disciples, every man according to his
<i>ability</i>, determined to send relief unto the brethren.<BR>
<i>Acts xi. 29.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Natural <i>abilities</i> are like natural plants, that need
pruning by study.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The public men of England, with much of a peculiar kind of
<i>ability</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Capacity; talent; cleverness; faculty; capability;
efficiency; aptitude; aptness; address; dexterity; skill.  <u>Ability</u>,
<u>Capacity</u>. These words come into comparison when applied to the
higher intellectual powers. <i>Ability</i> has reference to the
<i>active</i> exercise of our faculties. It implies not only native vigor
of mind, but that ease and promptitude of execution which arise from mental
training. Thus, we speak of the <i>ability</i> with which a book is
written, an argument maintained, a negotiation carried on, etc. It always
something to be <i>done</i>, and the power of <i>doing</i> it.
<i>Capacity</i> has reference to the <i>receptive</i> powers. In its higher
exercises it supposes great quickness of apprehension and breadth of
intellect, with an uncommon aptitude for acquiring and retaining knowledge.
Hence it carries with it the idea of <i>resources</i> and undeveloped
power. Thus we speak of the extraordinary <i>capacity</i> of such men as
Lord Bacon, Blaise Pascal, and Edmund Burke. "<i>Capacity</i>," says H.
Taylor, "is requisite to devise, and <i>ability</i> to execute, a great
enterprise." The word <i>abilities</i>, in the plural, embraces both these
qualities, and denotes high mental endowments.</p>

<p><hw>A*bime"</hw> or <hw>A*byme"</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ab&icirc;me</i>. See <u>Abysm</u>.] <def>A abyss.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ab`i*o*gen"e*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; life + &?;, origin, birth.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The supposed
origination of living organisms from lifeless matter; such genesis as does
not involve the action of living parents; spontaneous generation; -- called
also <i>abiogeny</i>, and opposed to <i>biogenesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall call the . . . doctrine that living matter may be
produced by not living matter, the hypothesis of <i>abiogenesis</i>.<BR>
<i>Huxley, 1870.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab`i*o*ge*net"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to abiogenesis.</def>
<wf>Ab`i*o*ge*net"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ab`i*og"e*nist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>One who believes that life can be produced independently of
antecedent.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`i*og"e*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Produced by spontaneous generation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab`i*og"e*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Abiogenesis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab`i*o*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + E. <i>biological</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the study of inanimate
things.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ir"ri*tant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine that diminishes irritation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ir"ri*tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ab-</i>
+ <i>irritate</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To diminish the sensibility of; to
debilitate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ir`ri*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A pathological condition opposite to that of irritation; debility;
want of strength; asthenia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ir"ri*ta*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Characterized by abirritation or debility.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bit"</hw> (&?;), <def>3d sing. pres. of <u>Abide</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ject</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abjectus</i>, p. p.
of <i>abjicere</i> to throw away; <i>ab</i> + <i>jacere</i> to throw. See
<u>Jet</u> a shooting forth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cast down; low-
lying.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From the safe shore their floating carcasses<BR>
And broken chariot wheels; so thick bestrown<BR>
<i>Abject</i> and lost lay these, covering the flood.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sunk to a law condition; down in spirit or hope;
degraded; servile; groveling; despicable; as, <i>abject</i> posture,
fortune, thoughts.</def>   "Base and <i>abject</i> flatterers."
<i>Addison.</i> "An <i>abject</i> liar." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And banish hence these <i>abject</i>, lowly dreams.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mean; groveling; cringing; mean-spirited; slavish;
ignoble; worthless; vile; beggarly; contemptible; degraded.</p>

<p><hw>Ab*ject"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Abject</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To cast off or down; hence, to abase; to
degrade; to lower; to debase.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ject</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person in the lowest
and most despicable condition; a castaway.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Shall these <i>abjects</i>, these victims, these outcasts,
know any thing of pleasure?<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ject"ed*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A very abject
or low condition; abjectness.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*jec"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>abjection</i>,
L. <i>abjectio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of bringing down or
humbling.</def> "The <i>abjection</i> of the king and his realm."
<i>Joe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being rejected or cast out.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>adjection</i> from the beatific regions where God, and
his angels and saints, dwell forever.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A low or downcast state; meanness of spirit;
abasement; degradation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That this should be termed baseness, <i>abjection</i> of
mind, or servility, is it credible?<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ject*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Meanly;
servilely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ject*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
abject; abasement; meanness; servility.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*judge"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ab-</i> +
<i>judge</i>, v. Cf. <u>Abjudicate</u>.] <def>To take away by judicial
decision.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*ju"di*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>abjudicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>abjudicare</i>; <i>ab</i> +
<i>judicare</i>. See <u>Judge</u>, and cf. <u>Abjudge</u>.] <def>To reject
by judicial sentence; also, to abjudge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ju`di*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rejection by
judicial sentence.</def> [R.]  <i>Knowles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ju*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>abjugatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>abjugare</i>.] <def>To unyoke.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*junc"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abjunctus</i>,
p. p. of <i>abjungere</i>; <i>ab</i> + <i>jungere</i> to join.]
<def>Exceptional.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is this power which leads on from the accidental and
<i>abjunctive</i> to the universal.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab`ju*ra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abjuratio</i>:
cf. F. <i>abjuration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of abjuring or
forswearing; a renunciation upon oath; as, <i>abjuration</i> of the realm,
a sworn banishment, an oath taken to leave the country and never to
return.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A solemn recantation or renunciation; as, an
<i>abjuration</i> of heresy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oath of abjuration</b></col>, <cd>an oath asserting the right of
the present royal family to the crown of England, and expressly abjuring
allegiance to the descendants of the Pretender.</cd>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ju"ra*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
abjuration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*jure"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abjured</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abjuring</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>abjurare</i> to deny upon oath; <i>ab</i> +
<i>jurare</i> to swear, fr. <i>jus</i>, <i>juris</i>, right, law; cf. F.
<i>abjurer</i>. See <u>Jury</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To renounce upon
oath; to forswear; to disavow; as, to <i>abjure</i> allegiance to a prince.
<i>To abjure the realm</i>, is to swear to abandon it forever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To renounce or reject with solemnity; to recant;
to abandon forever; to reject; repudiate; as, to <i>abjure</i>
errors.</def> "Magic I here <i>abjure</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Renounce</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ab*jure"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To renounce on
oath.</def>  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*jure"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Renunciation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*jur"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
abjures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*lac"tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ablactatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ablactare</i>; <i>ab</i> + <i>lactare</i> to
suckle, fr. <i>lac</i> milk.] <def>To wean.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`lac*ta"tion</hw> (&?;). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The weaning of a child from the breast, or of young beasts from their
dam.</def>  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>The process of grafting now
called <i>inarching</i>, or <i>grafting by approach</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*la"que*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ablaqueatus</i>, p. p. of. <i>ablaqueare</i>; fr. <i>ab</i> +
<i>laqueus</i> a noose.] <def>To lay bare, as the roots of a tree.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*la`que*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ablaqueatio</i>.] <def>The act or process of laying bare the roots of
trees to expose them to the air and water.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`las*tem"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; growth.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Non-germinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ablatio</i>, fr.
<i>ablatus</i> p. p. of <i>auferre</i> to carry away; <i>ab</i> +
<i>latus</i>, p. p. of <i>ferre</i> carry: cf. F. <i>ablation</i>. See
<u>Tolerate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A carrying or taking away;
removal.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Extirpation.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Wearing away; superficial
waste.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`la*ti"tious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Diminishing;
as, an <i>ablatitious</i> force.</def>  <i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"la*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>ablatif</i>,
<i>ablative</i>, L. <i>ablativus</i> fr. <i>ablatus</i>. See
<u>Ablation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Taking away or removing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where the heart is forestalled with misopinion,
<i>ablative</i> directions are found needful to unteach error, ere we can
learn truth.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Applied to one of the cases of
the noun in Latin and some other languages, -- the fundamental meaning of
the case being <i>removal</i>, <i>separation</i>, or <i>taking
away</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"la*tive</hw>, <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The ablative case.</def></p>

<p><col><b>ablative absolute</b></col>, <cd>a construction in Latin, in
which a noun in the ablative case has a participle (either expressed or
implied), agreeing with it in gender, number, and case, both words forming
a clause by themselves and being unconnected, grammatically, with the rest
of the sentence; as, <i>Tarquinio regnante</i>, Pythagoras venit, <i>i.
e.</i>, Tarquinius reigning, Pythagoras came.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ab"laut</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ger., off-sound;
<i>ab</i> off + <i>laut</i> sound.] <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>The substitution
of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification
of use or meaning; vowel permutation; as, <i>get</i>, <i>gat</i>,
<i>got</i>; <i>sing</i>, <i>song</i>; <i>hang</i>, <i>hung</i>.</def>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><! p. 5  !></p>

<p><hw>A*blaze"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>blaze</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On fire; in a blaze, gleaming.</def>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>ablaze</i> with crimson and gold.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a state of glowing excitement or ardent
desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The young Cambridge democrats were all <i>ablaze</i> to
assist Torrijos.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A"ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Comp.</i></pos>
<u>Abler</u> (&?;); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Ablest</u> (&?;).] [OF.
<i>habile</i>, L. <i>habilis</i> that may be easily held or managed, apt,
skillful, fr. <i>habere</i> to have, hold. Cf. <u>Habile</u> and see
<u>Habit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fit; adapted; suitable.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A many man, to ben an abbot <i>able</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having sufficient power, strength, force, skill,
means, or resources of any kind to accomplish the object; possessed of
qualifications rendering competent for some end; competent; qualified;
capable; as, an <i>able</i> workman, soldier, seaman, a man <i>able</i> to
work; a mind <i>able</i> to reason; a person <i>able</i> to be generous;
<i>able</i> to endure pain; <i>able</i> to play on a piano.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specially: Having intellectual qualifications,
or strong mental powers; showing ability or skill; talented; clever;
powerful; as, the <i>ablest</i> man in the senate; an <i>able</i>
speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man wrote <i>abler</i> state papers.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Legally qualified; possessed of
legal competence; as, <i>able</i> to inherit or devise property.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Able for</b></col>, is Scotticism. "Hardly <i>able for</i> such
a march."<BR>
<i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Competent; qualified; fitted; efficient; effective;
capable; skillful; clever; vigorous; powerful.</p>

<p><hw>A"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Able</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] [Obs.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make able; to
enable; to strengthen.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To vouch for.</def> "I 'll <i>able</i> them."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>-a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l). [F. <i>-able</i>, L. <i>-abilis</i>.]
<def>An adjective suffix now usually in a passive sense; able to be; fit to
be; expressing capacity or worthiness in a passive sense; as,
mov<i>able</i>, able to be moved; amend<i>able</i>, able to be amended;
blam<i>able</i>, fit to be blamed; sal<i>able</i>.</def></p>

<p>The form <wf>-ible</wf> is used in the same sense.</p>

<p>&fist; It is difficult to say when we are not to use -<i>able</i>
instead of <i>-ible</i>. "Yet a rule may be laid down as to when we are to
use it. To all verbs, then, from the Anglo-Saxon, to all based on the
uncorrupted infinitival stems of Latin verbs of the first conjugation, and
to all substantives, whencesoever sprung, we annex -<i>able</i> only."
<i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>A`ble-bod"ied</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a sound,
strong body; physically competent; robust.</def>  "<i>Able-bodied</i>
vagrant." <i>Froude.</i> -- <wf>A`ble-bod"ied*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>.</p>

<p><hw>Ab"le*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>ablegatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>ablegare</i>; <i>ab</i> + <i>legare</i> to send with a
commission. See <u>Legate</u>.] <def>To send abroad.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"le*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>A representative of the pope charged with important commissions in
foreign countries, one of his duties being to bring to a newly named
cardinal his insignia of office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab`le*ga"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ablegatio</i>.] <def>The act of sending abroad.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>A`ble-mind"ed</hw> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having much
intellectual power.</def>  -- <wf>A`ble-mind"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A"ble*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ability of body or
mind; force; vigor.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"lep*sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; to see.] <def>Blindness.</def> [R.]  <i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"bler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>comp.</i></pos> of <u>Able</u>.</def>   -- <wf>A"blest</wf>
(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <def><pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of
<u>Able</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"let</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ab"len</hw> [F. <i>ablet</i>, <i>ablette</i>,
a dim. fr. LL. <i>abula</i>, for <i>albula</i>, dim. of <i>albus</i> white.
Cf. <u>Abele</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small fresh-water fish
(<i>Leuciscus alburnus</i>); the bleak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"li*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>ab</i> +
<i>ligatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ligare</i> to tie.] <def>To tie up so as to
hinder from.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*lig`u*ri"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>abligurito</i>, fr. <i>abligurire</i> to spend in luxurious indulgence;
<i>ab</i> + <i>ligurire</i> to be lickerish, dainty, fr. <i>lingere</i> to
lick.] <def>Prodigal expense for food.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"blins</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Able</u>.]
<def>Perhaps.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>A*bloom"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>bloom</i>.] <def>In or into bloom; in a blooming state.</def>
<i>Masson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*lude"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>abludere</i>;
<i>ab</i> + <i>ludere</i> to play.] <def>To be unlike; to differ.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"lu*ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abluens</i>, p.
pr. of. <i>abluere</i> to wash away; <i>ab</i> + <i>luere</i>
(<i>lavere</i>, <i>lavare</i>). See <u>Lave</u>.] <def>Washing away;
carrying off impurities; detergent.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A detergent.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*blush"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>blush</i>.] <def>Blushing; ruddy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*lu`tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ablutio</i>, fr.
<i>abluere</i>: cf. F. <i>ablution</i>. See <u>Abluent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of washing or cleansing; specifically, the
washing of the body, or some part of it, as a religious rite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The water used in cleansing.</def> "Cast the
<i>ablutions</i> in the main."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A small quantity of wine and
water, which is used to wash the priest's thumb and index finger after the
communion, and which then, as perhaps containing portions of the
consecrated elements, is drunk by the priest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*lu"tion*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
ablution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*lu"vi*on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>abluvio</i>.
See <u>Abluent</u>.] <def>That which is washed off.</def> [R.]
<i>Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"bly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an able manner;
with great ability; as, <i>ably</i> done, planned, said.</def></p>

<p><hw>-a*bly</hw>(&?;). <def>A suffix composed of <i>-able</i> and the
adverbial suffix <i>-ly</i>; as, <i>favorably</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ne*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abnegated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abnegating</u>.] [L. <i>abnegatus</i>,p. p. of <i>abnegare</i>;
<i>ab</i> + <i>negare</i> to deny. See <u>Deny</u>.] <def>To deny and
reject; to abjure.</def>  <i>Sir E. Sandys. Farrar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`ne*ga"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abnegatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>abn&eacute;gation</i>.] <def>a denial; a renunciation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>abnegation</i> of God, of his honor, and of
religion, they may retain the friendship of the court.<BR>
<i>Knox.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ne*ga*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>abnegativus</i>.] <def>Denying; renouncing; negative.</def> [R.]
<i>Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ne*ga`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
abnegates, denies, or rejects anything.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ab"net</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.] <def>The girdle of
a Jewish priest or officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"no*date</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>abnodatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>abnodare</i>; <i>ab</i> + <i>nodus</i> knot.] <def>To clear
(tress) from knots.</def> [R.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`no*da"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
cutting away the knots of trees.</def> [R.]  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*nor"mal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For earlier
<i>anormal</i>.F. <i>anormal</i>, LL. <i>anormalus</i> for <i>anomalus</i>,
Gr. &?;. Confused with L. <i>abnormis</i>. See <u>Anomalous</u>,
<u>Abnormous</u>, <u>Anormal</u>.] <def>Not conformed to rule or system;
deviating from the type; anomalous; irregular.</def> "That deviating from
the type; anomalous; irregular. "  <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`nor*mal"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Abnormalities</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or
quality of being abnormal; variation; irregularity.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something abnormal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*nor"mal*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an abnormal
manner; irregularly.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*nor"mi*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Abnormities</b></plw> (&?;). [LL. <i>abnormitas</i>. See
<u>Abnormous</u>.] <def>Departure from the ordinary type; irregularity;
monstrosity.</def> "An <i>abnormity</i> . . . like a calf born with two
heads."  <i>Mrs. Whitney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*nor"mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abnormis</i>;
<i>ab</i> + <i>norma</i> rule. See <u>Normal</u>.] <def>Abnormal;
irregular.</def>  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A character of a more <i>abnormous</i> cast than his equally
suspected coadjutor.<BR> <i>State Trials.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*board"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> on, in
+ <i>board</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On board; into or within a ship or
boat; hence, into or within a railway car.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Alongside; as, close <i>aboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><i>Naut.</i>: <col><b>To fall aboard of</b></col>, <cd>to strike a
ship's side; to fall foul of.</cd> -- <col><b>To haul the tacks
aboard</b></col>, <cd>to set the courses.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep the land
aboard</b></col>, <cd>to hug the shore.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay (a ship)
aboard</b></col>, <cd>to place one's own ship close alongside of (a ship)
for fighting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*board"</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On
board of; as, to go <i>aboard</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Across; athwart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor iron bands <i>aboard</i><BR>
The Pontic Sea by their huge navy cast.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*bod"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bode</u>.]
<def>An omen; a portending.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*bode"</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>pret.</i></pos> of
<u>Abide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bode"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>abad</i>, <i>abood</i>,
fr. <i>abiden</i> to abide. See <u>Abide</u>. For the change of vowel, cf.
<i>abode</i>, imp. of <i>abide</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of
waiting; delay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And with her fled away without <i>abode</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stay or continuance in a place;
sojourn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He waxeth at your <i>abode</i> here.<BR>
<i>Fielding.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Place of continuance, or where one dwells;
abiding place; residence; a dwelling; a habitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, let me lead you to our poor <i>abode</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*bode"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bode</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>An omen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>High-thundering Juno's husband stirs my spirit with true
<i>abodes</i>.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*bode"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bode; to
foreshow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bode"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be ominous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bode"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
foreboding; an omen.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Abodements</i> must not now affright
us."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bod"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A foreboding.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*bol"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abolished</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abolishing</u>.] [F. <i>abolir</i>, L. <i>abolere</i>, <i>aboletum</i>;
<i>ab</i> + <i>olere</i> to grow. Cf. <u>Finish</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To do away with wholly; to annul; to make void;
-- said of laws, customs, institutions, governments, etc.; as, to
<i>abolish</i> slavery, to <i>abolish</i> folly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put an end to, or destroy, as a physical
objects; to wipe out.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>And with thy blood <i>abolish</i> so reproachful blot.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His quick instinctive hand<BR>
Caught at the hilt, as to <i>abolish</i> him.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Abolish</u>, <u>Repeal</u>, <u>Abrogate</u>,
<u>Revoke</u>, <u>Annul</u>, <u>Nullify</u>, <u>Cancel</u>.  These words
have in common the idea of setting aside by some overruling act.
<i>Abolish</i> applies particularly to things of a permanent nature, such
as institutions, usages, customs, etc.; as, to <i>abolish</i> monopolies,
serfdom, slavery. <i>Repeal</i> describes the act by which the legislature
of a state sets aside a law which it had previously enacted.
<i>Abrogate</i> was originally applied to the repeal of a law by the Roman
people; and hence, when the power of making laws was usurped by the
emperors, the term was applied to <i>their</i> act of setting aside the
laws. Thus it came to express that act by which a sovereign or an executive
government sets aside laws, ordinances, regulations, treaties, conventions,
etc. <i>Revoke</i> denotes the act of recalling some previous grant which
conferred, privilege, etc.; as, to <i>revoke</i> a decree, to <i>revoke</i>
a power of attorney, a promise, etc. Thus, also, we speak of the
<i>revocation</i> of the Edict of Nantes. <i>Annul</i> is used in a more
general sense, denoting simply to make void; as, to <i>annul</i> a
contract, to <i>annul</i> an agreement. <i>Nullify</i> is an old word
revived in this country, and applied to the setting of things aside either
by force or by total disregard; as, to <i>nullify</i> an act of Congress.
<i>Cancel</i> is to strike out or annul, by a deliberate exercise of power,
something which has operative force.</p>

<p><hw>A*bol"ish*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>abolissable</i>.] <def>Capable of being abolished.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bol"ish*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
abolishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bol"ish*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>abolissement</i>.] <def>The act of abolishing; abolition;
destruction.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"o*li"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abolitio</i>,
fr. <i>abolere</i>: cf. F. <i>abolition</i>. See <u>Abolish</u>.] <def>The
act of abolishing, or the state of being abolished; an annulling;
abrogation; utter destruction; as, the <i>abolition</i> of slavery or the
slave trade; the <i>abolition</i> of laws, decrees, ordinances, customs,
taxes, debts, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The application of this word to persons is now unusual or
obsolete</p>

<p><hw>Ab`o*li"tion*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles or measures of abolitionists.</def>  <i>Wilberforce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`o*li"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who favors
the abolition of any institution, especially negro slavery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab`o*li`tion*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To imbue
with the principles of abolitionism.</def> [R.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*bo"ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large South American serpent (<i>Boa aboma</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ab`o*ma"sum</hw> (&?;), <hw>||Ab`o*ma"sus</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>ab</i> + <i>omasum</i> (a Celtic
word).] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The fourth or digestive stomach of a ruminant,
which leads from the third stomach <i>omasum</i>. See
<u>Ruminantia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bom"i*na*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>abominable</i>. L. <i>abominalis</i>. See <u>Abominate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of, or causing, abhorrence, as a thing of
evil omen; odious in the utmost degree; very hateful; detestable;
loathsome; execrable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessive; large; -- used as an intensive.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; Juliana Berners . . . informs us that in her time [15th c.],
"a<i>bomynable</i> syght of monkes" was elegant English for "a large
company of friars."  <i>G. P. Marsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bom"i*na*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being abominable; odiousness.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bom"i*na*bly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
abominable manner; very odiously; detestably.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bom"i*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abominated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abominating</u>.] [L. <i>abominatus</i>, p. p. or <i>abominari</i> to
deprecate as ominous, to abhor, to curse; <i>ab</i> + <i>omen</i> a
foreboding. See <u>Omen</u>.] <def>To turn from as ill-omened; to hate in
the highest degree, as if with religious dread; loathe; as, to
<i>abominate</i> all impiety.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hate; abhor; loathe; detest. See <u>Hate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>A*bom`i*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>abominacioun</i>, <i>-cion</i>, F. <i>abominatio</i>. See
<u>Abominate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The feeling of extreme disgust
and hatred; abhorrence; detestation; loathing; as, he holds tobacco in
<i>abomination</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is abominable; anything hateful,
wicked, or shamefully vile; an object or state that excites disgust and
hatred; a hateful or shameful vice; pollution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Antony, most large in his <i>abominations</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cause of pollution or wickedness.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Detestation; loathing; abhorrence; disgust; aversion;
loathsomeness; odiousness.  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*boon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>and <i>adv</i>.
Above.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Aboon</i> the pass of Bally-Brough.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The ceiling fair that rose <i>aboon</i>.<BR>
<i>J. R. Drake.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*o"ral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ab</i>. + E.
<i>oral</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated opposite to, or away from,
the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*bord"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Manner of
approaching or accosting; address.</def>  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bord"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>aborder</i>,
<i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>bord</i> rim, brim, or side of a
vessel. See <u>Border</u>, <u>Board</u>.] <def>To approach; to
accost.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`o*rig"i*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Aborigines</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>First; original; indigenous; primitive; native;
as, the <i>aboriginal</i> tribes of America.</def> "Mantled o'er with
<i>aboriginal</i> turf."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to aborigines; as, a Hindoo of
<i>aboriginal</i> blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab`o*rig"i*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
original inhabitant of any land; one of the aborigines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An animal or a plant native to the
region.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It may well be doubted whether this frog is an
<i>aboriginal</i> of these islands.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab`o*rig`i*nal"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being aboriginal.</def>  <i>Westm. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`o*rig"i*nal*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Primarily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab`o*rig"i*nes</hw> (-r&ibreve;j"&ibreve;*n&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>Aborigines</i>; <i>ab</i> + <i>origo</i>, especially
the first inhabitants of Latium, those who originally (<i>ab origine</i>)
inhabited Latium or Italy. See <u>Origin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
earliest known inhabitants of a country; native races.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The original fauna and flora of a geographical
area</def></p>

<p><hw>A*borse"ment</hw> (&adot;*b&ocirc;rs"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Abortment; abortion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bor"sive</hw> (&adot;*b&ocirc;r"s&ibreve;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Abortive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bort"</hw> (&adot;*b&ocirc;rt"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>abortare</i>, fr. <i>abortus</i>, p. p. of <i>aboriri</i>; <i>ab</i> +
<i>oriri</i> to rise, to be born. See <u>Orient</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To miscarry; to bring forth young
prematurely.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To become checked in normal
development, so as either to remain rudimentary or shrink away wholly; to
become sterile.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bort"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abortus</i>, fr.
<i>aboriri</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An untimely birth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An aborted offspring.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bort"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Brought
forth prematurely.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Rendered abortive or sterile;
undeveloped; checked in normal development at a very early stage; as,
spines are <i>aborted</i> branches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The eyes of the cirripeds are more or less <i>aborted</i> in
their mature state.<BR>
<i>Owen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*bor"ti*cide</hw> (&adot;*b&ocirc;r"t&ibreve;*s&imacr;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abortus</i> + <i>caedere</i> to kill. See
<u>Abort</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act of destroying a fetus in the
womb; feticide.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bor`ti*fa"cient</hw>
(&adot;*b&ocirc;r`t&ibreve;*f&amacr;"sh<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>abortus</i> (see <u>Abort</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>) +
<i>faciens</i>, p. pr. of <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Producing
miscarriage.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drug or an agent that
causes premature delivery.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bor"tion</hw> (&adot;*b&ocirc;r"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>abortio</i>, fr. <i>aboriri</i>. See <u>Abort</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of giving premature birth; particularly,
the expulsion of the human fetus prematurely, or before it is capable of
sustaining life; miscarriage.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is sometimes used for the offense of procuring a premature
delivery, but strictly the early delivery is the <i>abortion</i>, "causing
or procuring <i>abortion</i>" is the full name of the offense.
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><! p. 6 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The immature product of an untimely
birth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Arrest of development of any
organ, so that it remains an imperfect formation or is absorbed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any fruit or produce that does not come to
maturity, or anything which in its progress, before it is matured or
perfect; a complete failure; as, his attempt proved an
<i>abortion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bor"tion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
abortion; miscarrying; abortive.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bor"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who procures
abortion or miscarriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bor"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abortivus</i>,
fr. <i>aboriri</i>. See <u>Abort</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Produced by abortion; born prematurely; as, an
<i>abortive</i> child.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made from the skin of a still-born animal; as,
<i>abortive</i> vellum.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rendering fruitless or ineffectual.</def> [Obs.]
"Plunged in that <i>abortive</i> gulf."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Coming to naught; failing in its effect;
miscarrying; fruitless; unsuccessful; as, an <i>abortive</i> attempt.</def>
"An <i>abortive</i> enterprise."  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Imperfectly formed or developed;
rudimentary; sterile; as, an <i>abortive</i> organ, stamen, ovule,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Causing
abortion; as, <i>abortive</i> medicines.</def> <i>Parr.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Cutting short; as, <i>abortive</i> treatment of
typhoid fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bor"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is born or brought forth prematurely; an abortion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fruitless effort or issue.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A medicine to which is attributed the property
of causing abortion.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bor"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an abortive or
untimely manner; immaturely; fruitlessly.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bor"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
abortive.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bort"ment</hw> (&adot;*b&ocirc;rt"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Abortion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*bought"</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Aby</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*bound"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abounding</u>.] [OE. <i>abounden</i>, F. <i>abonder</i>, fr. L.
<i>abundare</i> to overflow, abound; <i>ab</i> + <i>unda</i> wave. Cf.
<u>Undulate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be in great plenty; to be very
prevalent; to be plentiful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wild boar which <i>abounds</i> in some parts of the
continent of Europe.<BR>
<i>Chambers.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Where sin <i>abounded</i> grace did much more
<i>abound</i>.<BR>
<i>Rom. v. 20.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be copiously supplied; -- followed by
<i>in</i> or <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To abound in</b></col>, <cd>to possess in such abundance as to
be characterized by.</cd> -- <col><b>To abound with</b></col>, <cd>to be
filled with; to possess in great numbers.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Men <i>abounding in</i> natural courage.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A faithful man shall <i>abound with</i> blessings.<BR>
<i>Prov. xxviii. 20.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>abounds with</i> cabinets of curiosities.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*bout"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aboute</i>,
<i>abouten</i>, <i>abuten</i>; AS. <i>&amacr;butan</i>, <i>onbutan</i>;
<i>on</i> + <i>butan</i>, which is from <i>be</i> by + u<i>tan</i> outward,
from <i>ut</i> out. See <u>But</u>, <u>Out</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Around; all round; on every side of.</def>
"Look <i>about</i> you." <i>Shak.</i> "Bind them <i>about</i> thy neck."
<i>Prov. iii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the immediate neighborhood of; in contiguity
or proximity to; near, as to place; by or on (one's person).</def>  "Have
you much money <i>about</i> you?"  <i>Bulwer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Over or upon different parts of; through or over
in various directions; here and there in; to and fro in;
throughout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lampoons . . . were handed <i>about</i> the
coffeehouses.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Roving still <i>about</i> the world.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Near; not far from; -- determining approximately
time, size, quantity.</def>   "To-morrow, <i>about</i> this time." <i>Exod.
ix. 18.</i> "<i>About</i> my stature." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He went out <i>about</i> the third hour.<BR>
<i>Matt. xx. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; This use passes into the adverbial sense.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In concern with; engaged in; intent
on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must be <i>about</i> my Father's business.<BR>
<i>Luke ii. 49.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> Before a verbal noun or an infinitive: <def>On the
point or verge of; going; in act of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Paul was now <i>about</i>to open his mouth.<BR>
<i>Acts xviii. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Concerning; with regard to; on account of;
touching.</def>  "To treat <i>about</i> thy ransom."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She must have her way <i>about</i> Sarah.<BR>
<i>Trollope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*bout"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On all
sides; around.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis time to look <i>about</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In circuit; circularly; by a circuitous way;
around the outside; as, a mile <i>about</i>, and a third of a mile
across.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Here and there; around; in one place and
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wandering <i>about</i> from house to house.<BR>
<i>1 Tim. v. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Nearly; approximately; with close
correspondence, in quality, manner, degree, etc.; as, <i>about</i> as cold;
<i>about</i> as high; -- also of quantity, number, time.</def> "There fell
. . . <i>about</i> three thousand men."  <i>Exod. xxii. 28.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To a reserved position; half round; in the
opposite direction; on the opposite tack; as, to face <i>about</i>; to turn
one's self <i>about</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To bring about</b></col>, <cd>to cause to take place; to
accomplish.</cd> -- <col><b>To come about</b></col>, <cd>to occur; to take
place. See under <u>Come</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To go about</b></col>,
<col><b>To set about</b></col>, <cd>to undertake; to arrange; to
prepare.</cd> "Shall we <i>set about</i> some revels?" <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Round about</b></col>, <cd>in every direction around.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*bout"-sledge"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The largest
hammer used by smiths.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bove"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>above</i>,
<i>aboven</i>, <i>abuffe</i>, AS. <i>abufon</i>; <i>an</i> (or <i>on</i>)
on + <i>be</i> by + <i>ufan</i> upward; cf. Goth. <i>uf</i> under.
&radic;199.  See <u>Over</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In or to a higher
place; higher than; on or over the upper surface; over; -- opposed to
<i>below</i> or <i>beneath</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fowl that may fly <i>above</i> the earth.<BR>
<i>Gen. i. 20.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, higher than; superior to in any
respect; surpassing; beyond; higher in measure or degree than; as, things
<i>above</i> comprehension; <i>above</i> mean actions; conduct <i>above</i>
reproach.</def> "Thy worth . . . is actions <i>above</i> my gifts."
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw in the way a light from heaven <i>above</i> the
brightness of the sun.<BR>
<i>Acts xxxvi. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Surpassing in number or quantity; more than; as,
<i>above</i> a hundred. (Passing into the adverbial sense. See
<u>Above</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, 4.)</def></p>

<p><col><b>above all</b></col>, <cd>before every other consideration;
chiefly; in preference to other things.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Over and above</b></col>, <pos><i>prep. or adv.</i></pos>,
<cd>besides; in addition to.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*bove"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a higher place; overhead; into or from heaven; as, the clouds
<i>above</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Earlier in order; higher in the same page;
hence, in a foregoing page.</def> "That was said <i>above</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Higher in rank or power; as, he appealed to the
court <i>above</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>More than; as, <i>above</i> five hundred were
present.</def></p>

<p><i>Above</i> is often used elliptically as an adjective by omitting the
word <i>mentioned</i>, <i>quoted</i>, or the like; as, the <i>above</i>
observations, the <i>above</i> reference, the <i>above</i> articles. --
<i>Above</i> is also used substantively. "The waters that come down from
<i>above</i>."  <i>Josh. iii. 13.</i></p>

<p>It is also used as the first part of a compound in the sense of
<i>before</i>, <i>previously</i>; as, <i>above</i>-cited, <i>above</i>-
described, <i>above</i>-mentioned, <i>above</i>-named, <i>above</i>said,
<i>above</i>specified, <i>above</i>-written, <i>above</i>-given.</p>

<p><hw>A*bove"board`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Above the
board or table. Hence: in open sight; without trick, concealment, or
deception.</def> "Fair and <i>aboveboard</i>."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This expression is said by Johnson to have been borrowed from
gamesters, who, when they change their cards, put their hands under the
table.</p>

<p><hw>A*bove"-cit`ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cited before,
in the preceding part of a book or writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bove"deck`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>On deck; and
hence, like <i>aboveboard</i>, without artifice.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bove"-men`tioned</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*bove"-named`</hw>(&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mentioned or named before; aforesaid.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bove"said`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mentioned or
recited before.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*box"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Braced aback.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab`ra*ca*dab"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. Of unknown
origin.] <def>A mystical word or collocation of letters written as in the
figure. Worn on an amulet it was supposed to ward off fever. At present the
word is used chiefly in jest to denote something without meaning;
jargon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ra"dant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A material used for
grinding, as emery, sand, powdered glass, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*rade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abraded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abrading</u>.] [L. <i>abradere</i>, <i>abrasum</i>, to scrape off;
<i>ab</i> + <i>radere</i> to scrape. See <u>Rase</u>, <u>Raze</u>.] <def>To
rub or wear off; to waste or wear away by friction; as, to <i>abrade</i>
rocks.</def>  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*brade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Abraid</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A`bra*ham"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
Abraham, the patriarch; as, the <i>Abrachamic</i> covenant.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`bra*ham*it"ic</hw>, <hw>*ic*al</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to the patriarch Abraham.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"bra*ham-man`</hw> (&?;) or <hw>A"bram-man`</hw>(&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Possibly in allusion to the parable of the beggar
Lazarus in Luke xvi. <i>Murray (New Eng. Dict. ).</i>] <def>One of a set of
vagabonds who formerly roamed through England, feigning lunacy for the sake
of obtaining alms.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sham Abraham</b></col>, <cd>to feign sickness.</cd>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*braid"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>abraiden</i>, to awake, draw (a sword), AS. <i>&amacr;bredgan</i> to
shake, draw; pref. <i>&amacr;-</i> (cf. Goth. <i>us-</i>, Ger. <i>er-</i>,
orig. meaning <i>out</i>) + <i>bregdan</i> to shake, throw. See
<u>Braid</u>.] <def>To awake; to arouse; to stir or start up; also, to
shout out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bran"chi*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Abranchiate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?;, pl., the gills of fishes.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of annelids, so called because the species
composing it have no special organs of respiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bran"chi*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Without gills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*rase"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abrasus</i>, p. p.
of <i>abradere</i>. See <u>Abrade</u>.] <def>Rubbed smooth.</def> [Obs.]
"An <i>abrase</i> table."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ra"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abrasio</i>, fr.
<i>abradere</i>. See <u>Abrade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
abrading, wearing, or rubbing off; the wearing away by friction; as, the
<i>abrasion</i> of coins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The substance rubbed off.</def>
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A superficial excoriation, with
loss of substance under the form of small shreds.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ra"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing
abrasion.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*braum"</hw> <i>or</i> <hw>A*braum" salts</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ger., fr. <i>abr&auml;umen</i> to remove.] <def>A red
ocher used to darken mahogany and for making chloride of
potassium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*brax"as</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A name adopted by the
Egyptian Gnostic Basilides, containing the Greek letters &alpha;, &beta;,
&rho;, &alpha;, &xi;, &alpha;, &sigma;, which, as numerals, amounted to
365. It was used to signify the supreme deity as ruler of the 365 heavens
of his system.] <def>A mystical word used as a charm and engraved on gems
among the ancients; also, a gem stone thus engraved.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bray"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v.</i></pos> [A false form from the
preterit <i>abraid</i>, <i>abrayde</i>.] <def>See <u>Abraid</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*breast"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>breast</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Side by side, with breasts in a
line; as, "Two men could hardly walk <i>abreast</i>."</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Side by side; also, opposite;
over against; on a line with the vessel's beam; -- with
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Up to a certain level or line; equally advanced;
as, to keep <i>abreast</i> of [or with] the present state of
science.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>At the same time; simultaneously.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Abreast</i> therewith began a convocation.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*breg"ge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Abridge</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ab`re*nounce"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>abrenuntiare</i>; <i>ab</i> + <i>renuntiare</i>. See <u>Renounce</u>.]
<def>To renounce.</def> [Obs.] "They <i>abrenounce</i> and cast them off."
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`re*nun`ci*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>abrenuntiatio</i>. See <u>Abrenounce</u>.] <def>Absolute renunciation or
repudiation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>abrenunciation</i> of that truth which he so long had
professed, and still believed.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*rep"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abreptus</i>, p.
p. of <i>abripere</i> to snatch away; <i>ab</i> + <i>rapere</i> to snatch.]
<def>A snatching away.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||A`breu`voir"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a watering
place.] <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>The joint or interstice between stones, to be
filled with mortar.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"bri*cock</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Apricot</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*bridge"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abridged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abridging</u>.] [OE. <i>abregen</i>, OF. <i>abregier</i>, F.
<i>abr&eacute;ger</i>, fr. L. <i>abbreviare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>brevis</i>
short. See <u>Brief</u> and cf. <u>Abbreviate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make shorter; to shorten in duration; to lessen; to diminish; to
curtail; as, to <i>abridge</i> labor; to <i>abridge</i> power or
rights.</def> "The bridegroom . . . <i>abridged</i> his visit."
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She retired herself to Sebaste, and <i>abridged</i> her
train from state to necessity.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shorten or contract by using fewer words, yet
retaining the sense; to epitomize; to condense; as, to <i>abridge</i> a
history or dictionary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive; to cut off; -- followed by
<i>of</i>, and formerly by <i>from</i>; as, to <i>abridge</i> one of his
rights.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bridg"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
abridges.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bridg"ment</hw> (-br&ibreve;j"m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>abregement</i>. See <u>Abridge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of abridging, or the state of being abridged; diminution; lessening;
reduction or deprivation; as, an <i>abridgment</i> of pleasures or of
expenses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An epitome or compend, as of a book; a shortened
or abridged form; an abbreviation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ancient coins as <i>abridgments</i> of history.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which abridges or cuts short; hence, an
entertainment that makes the time pass quickly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>abridgment</i> have you for this evening? What mask?
What music?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Abridgment</u>, <u>Compendium</u>, <u>Epitome</u>,
<u>Abstract</u>, <u>Synopsis</u>.  An <i>abridgment</i> is made by omitting
the less important parts of some larger work; as, an <i>abridgment</i> of a
dictionary. A <i>compendium</i> is a brief exhibition of a subject, or
science, for common use; as, a <i>compendium</i> of American literature. An
<i>epitome</i> corresponds to a <i>compendium</i>, and gives briefly the
most material points of a subject; as, an <i>epitome</i> of history. An
<i>abstract</i> is a brief statement of a thing in its main points. A
<i>synopsis</i> is a bird's-eye view of a subject, or work, in its several
parts.</p>

<p><hw>A*broach"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>abrochen</i>,
OF. <i>abrochier</i>. See <u>Broach</u>.] <def>To set abroach; to let out,
as liquor; to broach; to tap.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*broach"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>broach</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Broached; in a condition for
letting out or yielding liquor, as a cask which is tapped.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hogsheads of ale were set <i>abroach</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: In a state to be diffused or propagated;
afoot; astir.</def> "Mischiefs that I set <i>abroach</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*broad"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>broad</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At large; widely; broadly; over a
wide space; as, a tree spreads its branches <i>abroad</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fox roams far <i>abroad</i>.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without a certain confine; outside the house;
away from one's abode; as, to walk <i>abroad</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I went to St. James', where another was preaching in the
court <i>abroad</i>.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Beyond the bounds of a country; in foreign
countries; as, we have broils at home and enemies <i>abroad</i>.</def>
"Another prince . . . was living <i>abroad</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Before the public at large; throughout society
or the world; here and there; widely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He went out, and began to publish it much, and to blaze
<i>abroad</i> the matter.<BR>
<i>Mark i. 45.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To be abroad</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be wide of
the mark; to be at fault; as, you <i>are all abroad</i> in your guess.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be at a loss or nonplused.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ro*ga*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
abrogated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ro*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abrogatus</i>, p.
p.] <def>Abrogated; abolished.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ro*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abrogated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abrogating</u>.] [L. <i>abrogatus</i>, p. p. of <i>abrogare</i>;
<i>ab</i> + <i>rogare</i> to ask, require, propose. See <u>Rogation</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To annul by an authoritative act; to abolish by the
authority of the maker or his successor; to repeal; -- applied to the
repeal of laws, decrees, ordinances, the abolition of customs,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us see whether the New Testament <i>abrogates</i> what
we so frequently see in the Old.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose laws, like those of the Medes and Persian, they can
not alter or <i>abrogate</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put an end to; to do away with.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abolish; annul; do away; set aside; revoke; repeal;
cancel; annihilate. See <u>Abolish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ab`ro*ga"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abrogatio</i>,
fr. <i>abrogare</i>: cf. F. <i>abrogation</i>.] <def>The act of abrogating;
repeal by authority.</def>
 <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ro*ga*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending or
designed to abrogate; as, an <i>abrogative</i> law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"ro*ga`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who repeals
by authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*brood"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>brood</i>.] <def>In the act of brooding.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Abp.
Sancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*brook"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>brook</i>, v.] <def>To brook; to endure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*rupt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abruptus</i>, p. p.
of <i>abrumpere</i> to break off; <i>ab</i> + <i>rumpere</i> to break. See
<u>Rupture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Broken off; very steep, or craggy,
as rocks, precipices, banks; precipitous; steep; as, <i>abrupt</i>
places.</def> "Tumbling through ricks <i>abrupt</i>,"  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without notice to prepare the mind for the
event; sudden; hasty; unceremonious.</def> "The cause of your <i>abrupt</i>
departure."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having sudden transitions from one subject to
another; unconnected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>abrupt</i> style, which hath many breaches.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 7 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Suddenly terminating, as if cut
off.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sudden; unexpected; hasty; rough; curt; unceremonious;
rugged; blunt; disconnected; broken.</p>

<p><hw>Ab*rupt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abruptum</i>.]
<def>An abrupt place.</def> [Poetic] <blockquote>"Over the vast
<i>abrupt</i>."<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*rupt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tear off or
asunder.</def> [Obs.] "Till death <i>abrupts</i> them."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*rup"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abruptio</i>,
fr. <i>abrumpere</i>: cf. F. <i>abruption</i>.] <def>A sudden breaking off;
a violent separation of bodies.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*rupt"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
an abrupt manner; without giving notice, or without the usual forms;
suddenly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Precipitously.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Abruptly pinnate</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>pinnate without an
odd leaflet, or other appendage, at the end.</cd>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*rupt"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state of being abrupt or broken; craggedness; ruggedness;
steepness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suddenness; unceremonious haste or vehemence;
as, <i>abruptness</i> of style or manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"scess</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Abscesses</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>abscessus</i> a going away,
gathering of humors, abscess, fr. <i>abscessus</i>, p. p. of
<i>absedere</i> to go away; <i>ab</i>, <i>abs</i> + <i>cedere</i> to go
off, retire. See <u>Cede</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A collection of pus or
purulent matter in any tissue or organ of the body, the result of a morbid
process.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cold abscess</b></col>, <cd>an abscess of slow formation,
unattended with the pain and heat characteristic of ordinary abscesses, and
lasting for years without exhibiting any tendency towards healing; a
chronic abscess.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sces"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abscessio</i> a
separation; fr. <i>absedere</i>. See <u>Abscess</u>.] <def>A separating;
removal; also, an abscess.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gauden. Barrough.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*scind"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>absindere</i>;
<i>ab</i> + <i>scindere</i> to rend, cut. See <u>Schism</u>.] <def>To cut
off.</def> [R.] "Two syllables . . . <i>abscinded</i> from the rest."
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sci"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abscisio</i>.]
<def>See <u>Abscission</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sciss</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Abscisses</b></plw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Abscissa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*scis"sa</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; E. pl.
<plw><b>Abscissas</b></plw>, L. pl. <plw><b>Absciss&aelig;</b></plw>. [L.,
fem. of <i>abscissus</i>, p. p. of <i>absindere</i> to cut of. See
<u>Abscind</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>One of the elements of reference by
which a point, as of a curve, is referred to a system of fixed rectilineal
co&ouml;rdinate axes.</def> When referred to two intersecting axes, one of
them called the axis of abscissas, or of X, and the other the axis of
ordinates, or of Y, the <i>abscissa</i> of the point is the distance cut
off from the axis of X by a line drawn through it and parallel to the axis
of Y. When a point in space is referred to three axes having a common
intersection, the <i>abscissa</i> may be the distance measured parallel to
either of them, from the point to the plane of the other two axes.
Abscissas and ordinates taken together are called co&ouml;rdinates. -- OX
or PY is the <i>abscissa</i> of the point P of the curve, OY or PX its
ordinate, the intersecting lines OX and OY being the axes of abscissas and
ordinates respectively, and the point O their origin.</p>

<p><hw>Ab*scis"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abscissio</i>.
See <u>Abscind</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of cutting
off.</def> "Not to be cured without the <i>abscission</i> of a member."
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being cut off.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure of speech employed when
a speaker having begun to say a thing stops abruptly: thus, "He is a man of
so much honor and candor, and of such generosity -- but I need say no
more."</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*scond"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Absconded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Absconding</u>.] [L. <i>abscondere</i> to hide; <i>ab</i>, <i>abs</i> +
<i>condere</i> to lay up; <i>con</i> + <i>d&abreve;re</i> (only in comp.)
to put. Cf. <u>Do</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hide, withdraw, or be
concealed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The marmot <i>absconds</i> all winter.<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To depart clandestinely; to steal off and
secrete one's self; -- used especially of persons who withdraw to avoid a
legal process; as, an <i>absconding</i> debtor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That very homesickness which, in regular armies, drives so
many recruits to <i>abscond</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*scond"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hide; to
conceal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*scond"ence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fugitive
concealment; secret retirement; hiding.</def> [R.]  <i>Phillips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*scond"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
absconds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>absentia</i>. See <u>Absent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state of
being absent or withdrawn from a place or from companionship; -- opposed to
<i>presence</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not as in my presence only, but now much more in my
<i>absence</i>.<BR>
<i>Phil. ii. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want; destitution; withdrawal.</def>  "In the
<i>absence</i> of conventional law."  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inattention to things present; abstraction (of
mind); as, <i>absence</i> of mind.</def> "Reflecting on the little
<i>absences</i> and distractions of mankind."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To conquer that abstraction which is called
<i>absence</i>.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>absens</i>,
<i>absentis</i>, p. pr. of <i>abesse</i> to be away from; <i>ab</i> +
<i>esse</i> to be. Cf. <u>Sooth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being away
from a place; withdrawn from a place; not present.</def> "Expecting
<i>absent</i> friends."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not existing; lacking; as, the part was
rudimental or <i>absent</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inattentive to what is passing; absent-minded;
preoccupied; as, an <i>absent</i> air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What is commonly called an <i>absent</i> man is commonly
either a very weak or a very affected man.<BR>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Absent</u>, <u>Abstracted</u>.  These words both imply
a want of attention to surrounding objects. We speak of a man as
<i>absent</i> when his thoughts wander unconsciously from present scenes or
topics of discourse; we speak of him as <i>abstracted</i> when his mind
(usually for a brief period) is drawn off from present things by some
weighty matter for reflection. <i>Absence</i> of mind is usually the result
of loose habits of thought; <i>abstraction</i> commonly arises either from
engrossing interests and cares, or from unfortunate habits of
association.</p>

<p><hw>Ab*sent"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Absented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Absenting</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>absenter</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take or withdraw (one's self) to such a distance as to prevent intercourse;
-- used with the reflexive pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If after due summons any member <i>absents</i> himself, he
is to be fined.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withhold from being present.</def> [Obs.]
"Go; for thy stay, not free, <i>absents</i> thee more."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`sen*ta"ne*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>absentaneus</i>. See <u>absent</u>] <def>Pertaining to absence.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ab`sen*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
absenting one's self.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`sen*tee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who absents
himself from his country, office, post, or duty; especially, a landholder
who lives in another country or district than that where his estate is
situated; as, an Irish <i>absentee</i>.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`sen*tee"ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
practice of an absentee; esp. the practice of absenting one's self from the
country or district where one's estate is situated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sent"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who absents
one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sent*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an absent or
abstracted manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sent"ment</hw> (&abreve;b*s&ebreve;nt"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being absent; withdrawal.</def> [R.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`sent-mind"ed</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Absent in mind;
abstracted; preoccupied.</def>  -- <wf>Ab`sent-mind"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ab`sent-mind"ed*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sent*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being absent-minded.</def>  <i>H. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sey-book`</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An A-B-C book; a
primer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ab"sinth`</hw>, <hw>Ab"sinthe`</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>absinthe</i>. See <u>Absinthium</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
plant absinthium or common wormwood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strong spirituous liqueur made from wormwood
and brandy or alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sin"thate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
combination of absinthic acid with a base or positive radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sin"thi*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to wormwood; absinthian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sin"thi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of
wormwood.</def> "<i>Absinthian</i> bitterness."  <i>T. Randolph.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sin"thi*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>absinthium</i>: cf. L. <i>absinthiatus</i>, a.] <def>To impregnate with
wormwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sin"thi*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impregnated
with wormwood; as, <i>absinthiated</i> wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sin"thic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Relating to the common wormwood or to an acid obtained from
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sin"thin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
bitter principle of wormwood (<i>Artemisia absinthium</i>).</def>
<i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sin*thism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of
being poisoned by the excessive use of absinth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sin"thi*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The common wormwood (<i>Artemisia absinthium</i>), an
intensely bitter plant, used as a tonic and for making the oil of
wormwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Apsis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sist"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>absistere</i>,
p. pr. <i>absistens</i>; <i>ab</i> + <i>sistere</i> to stand, causal of
<i>stare</i>.] <def>To stand apart from; top leave off; to desist.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sist"ence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A standing
aloof.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"so*lute</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>absolutus</i>, p.
p. of <i>absolvere</i>: cf. F. <i>absolu</i>. See <u>Absolve</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Loosed from any limitation or condition;
uncontrolled; unrestricted; unconditional; as, <i>absolute</i> authority,
monarchy, sovereignty, an <i>absolute</i> promise or command;
<i>absolute</i> power; an <i>absolute</i> monarch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Complete in itself; perfect; consummate;
faultless; as, <i>absolute</i> perfection; <i>absolute</i>
beauty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>absolute</i> she seems,<BR>
And in herself complete.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Viewed apart from modifying influences or
without comparison with other objects; actual; real; -- opposed to
<i>relative</i> and <i>comparative</i>; as, <i>absolute</i> motion;
<i>absolute</i> time or space.</def></p>

<p><i>Absolute</i> rights and duties are such as pertain to man in a state
of nature as contradistinguished from <i>relative</i> rights and duties, or
such as pertain to him in his social relations.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Loosed from, or unconnected by, dependence on
any other being; self-existent; self-sufficing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense God is called <i>the Absolute</i> by the Theist.
The term is also applied by the Pantheist to the universe, or the total of
all existence, as only capable of relations in its parts to each other and
to the whole, and as dependent for its existence and its phenomena on its
mutually depending forces and their laws.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being thought or conceived by itself
alone; unconditioned; non-relative.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is in dispute among philosopher whether the term, in this
sense, is not applied to a mere logical fiction or abstraction, or whether
<i>the absolute</i>, as thus defined, can be known, as a reality, by the
human intellect.</p>

<p><blockquote>To Cusa we can indeed articulately trace, word and thing,
the recent philosophy of <i>the absolute</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Positive; clear; certain; not doubtful.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>absolute</i> 't was very Cloten.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Authoritative; peremptory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The peddler stopped, and tapped her on the head,<BR>
With <i>absolute</i> forefinger, brown and ringed.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pure; unmixed; as,
<i>absolute</i> alcohol.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Not immediately dependent on the
other parts of the sentence in government; as, the case <i>absolute</i>.
See <i>Ablative absolute</i>, under <u>Ablative</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Absolute curvature</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>that curvature
of a curve of double curvature, which is measured in the osculating plane
of the curve.</cd> -- <col><b>Absolute equation</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>the sum of the optic and eccentric equations.</cd> -- <col><b>Absolute
space</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>space considered without relation to
material limits or objects.</cd> -- <col><b>Absolute terms</b></col>.
<i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>such as are known, or which do not contain the unknown
quantity.</cd> <i>Davies &amp; Peck.</i> -- <col><b>Absolute
temperature</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the temperature as measured on
a scale determined by certain general thermo-dynamic principles, and
reckoned from the absolute zero.</cd> -- <col><b>Absolute zero</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the be ginning, or zero point, in the scale of
absolute temperature. It is equivalent to -273&deg; centigrade or -
459.4&deg; Fahrenheit.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Positive; peremptory; certain; unconditional; unlimited;
unrestricted; unqualified; arbitrary; despotic; autocratic.</p>

<p><hw>Ab"so*lute</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>In a
plane, the two imaginary circular points at infinity; in space of three
dimensions, the imaginary circle at infinity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"so*lute*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an absolute,
independent, or unconditional manner; wholly; positively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"so*lute*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
absolute; independence of everything extraneous; unlimitedness; absolute
power; independent reality; positiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab`so*lu"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>absolution</i>, L. <i>absolutio</i>, fr. <i>absolvere</i> to absolve.
See <u>Absolve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An absolving, or setting free
from guilt, sin, or penalty; forgiveness of an offense.</def> "Government .
. . granting <i>absolution</i> to the nation."  <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>An acquittal, or sentence of
a judge declaring and accused person innocent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The exercise of priestly
jurisdiction in the sacrament of penance, by which Catholics believe the
sins of the truly penitent are forgiven.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the English and other Protestant churches, this act regarded
as simply declaratory, not as imparting forgiveness.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An absolving from ecclesiastical
penalties, -- for example, excommunication.</def>  <i>P. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The form of words by which a penitent is
absolved.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Delivery, in speech.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Absolution day</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>Tuesday before
Easter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ab"so*lu`tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being absolute; the system or doctrine of the absolute;
the principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government;
despotism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The element of <i>absolutism</i> and prelacy was
controlling.<BR>
<i>Palfrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Doctrine of absolute
decrees.</def>  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"so*lu`tist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is in favor of an absolute or autocratic government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>One who believes that it is
possible to realize a cognition or concept of <i>the absolute</i>.</def>
<i>Sir. W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"so*lu`tist</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
absolutism; arbitrary; despotic; as, <i>absolutist</i>
principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab`so*lu*tis"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
absolutism; absolutist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sol"u*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>absolutorius</i>, fr. <i>absolvere</i> to absolve.] <def>Serving to
absolve; absolving.</def> "An absolutory sentence."  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*solv"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
absolved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*solv"a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Conferring
absolution; absolutory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*solve"</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Absolved</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Absolving</u>.] [L. <i>absolvere</i> to set free, to absolve; <i>ab</i>
+ <i>solvere</i> to loose. See <u>Assoil</u>, <u>Solve</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set free, or release, as from some obligation,
debt, or responsibility, or from the consequences of guilt or such ties as
it would be sin or guilt to violate; to pronounce free; as, to
<i>absolve</i> a subject from his allegiance; to <i>absolve</i> an
offender, which amounts to an acquittal and remission of his
punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Halifax was <i>absolved</i> by a majority of fourteen.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To free from a penalty; to pardon; to remit (a
sin); -- said of the sin or guilt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In his name I <i>absolve</i> your perjury.<BR>
<i>Gibbon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To finish; to accomplish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The work begun, how soon <i>absolved</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To resolve or explain.</def> [Obs.] "We shall
not <i>absolve</i> the doubt."
 <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Absolve</u>, <u>Exonerate</u>, <u>Acquit</u>.  We
speak of a man as <i>absolved</i> from something that binds his conscience,
or involves the charge of wrongdoing; as, to <i>absolve</i> from allegiance
or from the obligation of an oath, or a promise. We speak of a person as
<i>exonerated</i>, when he is released from some burden which had rested
upon him; as, to <i>exonerate</i> from suspicion, to <i>exonerate</i> from
blame or odium. It implies a purely moral acquittal. We speak of a person
as <i>acquitted</i>, when a decision has been made in his favor with
reference to a specific charge, either by a jury or by disinterested
persons; as, he was <i>acquitted</i> of all participation in the crime.</p>

<p><hw>Ab*solv"ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>absolvens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>absolvere</i>.] <def>Absolving.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*solv"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An absolver.</def> [R.]
<i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*solv"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
absolves.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"so*nant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ab</i> +
<i>sonans</i>, p. pr. of <i>sonare</i> to sound.] <def>Discordant;
contrary; -- opposed to <i>consonant</i>.</def> "<i>Absonant</i> to
nature."  <i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"so*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>absonus</i>;
<i>ab</i> + <i>sonus</i> sound.] <def>Discordant; inharmonious;
incongruous.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Absonous</i> to our reason."
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sorb"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Absorbed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Absorbing</u>.] [L. <i>absorbere</i>; <i>ab</i> + <i>sorbere</i> to suck
in, akin to Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>absorber</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
swallow up; to engulf; to overwhelm; to cause to disappear as if by
swallowing up; to use up; to include.</def> "Dark oblivion soon
<i>absorbs</i> them all."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The large cities <i>absorb</i> the wealth and fashion.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suck up; to drink in; to imbibe; as a sponge
or as the lacteals of the body.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To engross or engage wholly; to occupy fully;
as, <i>absorbed</i> in study or the pursuit of wealth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take up by cohesive, chemical, or any
molecular action, as when charcoal <i>absorbs</i> gases. So heat, light,
and electricity are <i>absorbed</i> or taken up in the substances into
which they pass.</def>  <i>Nichol.</i>  <i>p. 8</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Absorb</u>, <u>Engross</u>, <u>Swallow up</u>,
<u>Engulf</u>.  These words agree in one general idea, that of
<i>completely taking up</i>. They are chiefly used in a figurative sense
and may be distinguished by a reference to their etymology. We speak of a
person as <i>absorbed</i> (lit., drawn in, swallowed up) in study or some
other employment of the highest interest. We speak of a person as
<i>ebgrossed</i> (lit., seized upon in the <i>gross</i>, or wholly) by
something which occupies his whole time and thoughts, as the acquisition of
wealth, or the attainment of honor. We speak of a person (under a stronger
image) as <i>swallowed up</i> and lost in that which completely occupies
his thoughts and feelings, as in grief at the death of a friend, or in the
multiplied cares of life. We speak of a person as <i>engulfed</i> in that
which (like a gulf) takes in all his hopes and interests; as,
<i>engulfed</i> in misery, ruin, etc.</p>

<p><! p. 8 !></p>

<p><blockquote>That grave question which had begun to <i>absorb</i> the
Christian mind -- the marriage of the clergy.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Too long hath love <i>engrossed</i> Britannia's stage,<BR>
And sunk to softness all our tragic rage.<BR>
<i>Tickell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Should not the sad occasion <i>swallow up</i><BR>
My other cares?<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And in destruction's river<BR>
<i>Engulf</i> and swallow those.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sorb`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being absorbable.</def>  <i>Graham (Chemistry).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sorb"a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>absorbable</i>.]
<def>Capable of being absorbed or swallowed up.</def>  <i>Kerr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sorb"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner as if
wholly engrossed or engaged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sorb"en*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Absorptiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sorb"ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>absorbens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>absorbere</i>.] <def>Absorbing; swallowing;
absorptive.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Absorbent ground</b></col> <i>(Paint.)</i>, <cd>a ground
prepared for a picture, chiefly with distemper, or water colors, by which
the oil is absorbed, and a brilliancy is imparted to the colors.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sorb"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything which absorbs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ocean, itself a bad <i>absorbent</i> of heat.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any substance which absorbs and
neutralizes acid fluid in the stomach and bowels, as magnesia, chalk, etc.;
also a substance e. g., iodine) which acts on the absorbent vessels so as
to reduce enlarged and indurated parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The vessels by
which the processes of absorption are carried on, as the lymphatics in
animals, the extremities of the roots in plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sorb"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, absorbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sorb"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Swallowing, engrossing;
as, an <i>absorbing</i> pursuit.</def>  -- <wf>Ab*sorb"ing</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ab`sor*bi"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Absorption.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ab*sorpt`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>absorptus</i>, p.
p.] <def>Absorbed.</def> [Arcahic.] "<i>Absorpt</i> in care."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sorp"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>absorptio</i>,
fr. <i>absorbere</i>. See <u>Absorb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or process of absorbing or sucking in anything, or of being absorbed and
made to disappear; as, the <i>absorption</i> of bodies in a whirlpool, the
<i>absorption</i> of a smaller tribe into a larger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem. &amp; Physics)</i> <def>An imbibing or
reception by molecular or chemical action; as, the <i>absorption</i> of
light, heat, electricity, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>In living organisms, the
process by which the materials of growth and nutrition are absorbed and
conveyed to the tissues and organs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Entire engrossment or occupation of the mind;
as, <i>absorption</i> in some employment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sorp"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power,
capacity, or tendency to absorb or imbibe.</def>  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sorp"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being absorptive; absorptive power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab`sorp*tiv"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Absorptiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*squat"u*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take
one's self off; to decamp.</def> [A jocular word. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Abs"que hoc</hw> (&?;). [L., without this.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
technical words of denial used in traversing what has been alleged, and is
repeated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*stain"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abstained</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abstaining</u>.] [OE. <i>absteynen</i>, <i>abstenen</i>, OF.
<i>astenir</i>, <i>abstenir</i>, F. <i>abstenir</i>, fr. L.
<i>abstinere</i>, <i>abstentum</i>, v. t. &amp; v. i., to keep from; <i>ab</i>,
<i>abs</i> + <i>tenere</i> to hold. See <u>Tenable</u>.] <def>To hold one's
self aloof; to forbear or refrain voluntarily, and especially from an
indulgence of the passions or appetites; -- with <i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not a few <i>abstained</i> from voting.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>abstains</i> from meat that is not gaunt?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To refrain; forbear; withhold; deny one's self; give up;
relinquish.</p>

<p><hw>Ab*stain"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hinder; to
withhold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether he <i>abstain</i> men from marrying.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*stain"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who abstains;
esp., one who abstains from the use of intoxicating liquors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ste"mi*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abstemius</i>;
<i>ab</i>, <i>abs</i> + root of <i>temetum</i> intoxicating drink.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abstaining from wine.</def> [Orig. Latin
sense.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Under his special eye<BR>
<i>Abstemious</i> I grew up and thrived amain.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sparing in diet; refraining from a free use of
food and strong drinks; temperate; abstinent; sparing in the indulgence of
the appetite or passions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Instances of longevity are chiefly among the
<i>abstemious</i>.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sparingly used; used with temperance or
moderation; as, an <i>abstemious</i> diet.</def>  <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Marked by, or spent in, abstinence; as, an
<i>abstemious</i> life.</def> "One <i>abstemious</i> day."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Promotive of abstemiousness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such is the virtue of the <i>abstemious</i> well.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ste"mi*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being abstemious, temperate, or sparing in the use of food and strong
drinks. It expresses a greater degree of abstinence than
<i>temperance</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sten"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Abstain</u>.] <def>The act of abstaining; a holding aloof.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sten"tious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
abstinence; self-restraining.</def>  <i>Farrar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sterge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>abstergere</i>,
<i>abstersum</i>; <i>ab</i>, <i>abs</i> + <i>tergere</i> to wipe. Cf. F
<i>absterger</i>.] <def>To make clean by wiping; to wipe away; to cleanse;
hence, to purge.</def> [R.]  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ster"gent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abstergens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>abstergere</i>.] <def>Serving to cleanse, detergent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ster"gent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A substance used in
cleansing; a detergent; as, soap is an <i>abstergent</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sterse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To absterge; to
cleanse; to purge away.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ster"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>abstersion</i>.
See <u>Absterge</u>.] <def>Act of wiping clean; a cleansing; a
purging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The task of ablution and <i>abstersion</i> being
performed.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ster"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>abstersif</i>. See <u>Absterge</u>.] <def>Cleansing; purging.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ster"sive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
cleansing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The strong <i>abstersive</i> of some heroic magistrate.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*ster"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being abstersive.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sti*nence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>abstinence</i>,
L. <i>abstinentia</i>, fr. <i>abstinere</i>. See <u>Abstain</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of abstaining; voluntary
forbearance of any action, especially the refraining from an indulgence of
appetite, or from customary gratifications of animal or sensual
propensities. Specifically, the practice of abstaining from intoxicating
beverages, -- called also <i>total abstinence</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>abstinence</i> from a present pleasure that offers
itself is a pain, nay, oftentimes, a very great one.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The practice of self-denial by depriving one's
self of certain kinds of food or drink, especially of meat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Penance, fasts, and <i>abstinence</i>,<BR>
To punish bodies for the soul's offense.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sti*nen*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Abstinence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ab"sti*nent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>abstinent</i>,
L. <i>abstinens</i>, p. pr. of <i>abstinere</i>. See <u>Abstain</u>.]
<def>Refraining from indulgence, especially from the indulgence of
appetite; abstemious; continent; temperate.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sti*nent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who abstains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect who appeared
in France and Spain in the 3d century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"sti*nent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
abstinence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*stort"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [As if fr.
<i>abstort</i>, fr. L. <i>ab</i>, <i>abs</i> + <i>tortus</i>, p. p. of
<i>torquere</i> to twist.] <def>Wrested away.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab"stract`</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>abstractus</i>, p. p. of <i>abstrahere</i> to draw from, separate;
<i>ab</i>, <i>abs</i> + <i>trahere</i> to draw. See <u>Trace</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Withdraw; separate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The more <i>abstract</i> . . . we are from the body.<BR>
<i>Norris.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Considered apart from any application to a
particular object; separated from matter; existing in the mind only; as,
<i>abstract</i> truth, <i>abstract</i> numbers.  Hence: ideal; abstruse;
difficult.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Expressing a
particular property of an object viewed apart from the other properties
which constitute it; -- opposed to <i>concrete</i>; as, honesty is an
<i>abstract</i> word.</def> <i>J. S. Mill.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Resulting from the mental faculty of abstraction; general as opposed
to particular; as, "reptile" is an <i>abstract</i> or general name.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A concrete name is a name which stands for a thing; an
<i>abstract</i> name which stands for an attribute of a thing. A practice
has grown up in more modern times, which, if not introduced by Locke, has
gained currency from his example, of applying the expression
"<i>abstract</i> name" to all names which are the result of abstraction and
generalization, and consequently to all general names, instead of confining
it to the names of attributes.<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Abstracted; absent in mind.</def>
"<i>Abstract</i>, as in a trance."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>An abstract idea</b></col> <i>(Metaph.)</i>, <cd>an idea
separated from a complex object, or from other ideas which naturally
accompany it; as the solidity of marble when contemplated apart from its
color or figure.</cd> -- <col><b>Abstract terms</b></col>, <cd>those which
express abstract ideas, as beauty, whiteness, roundness, without regarding
any object in which they exist; or <i>abstract terms</i> are the names of
orders, genera or species of things, in which there is a combination of
similar qualities.</cd> -- <col><b>Abstract numbers</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>numbers used without application to things, as 6, 8,
10; but when applied to any thing, as 6 feet, 10 men, they become
concrete.</cd> -- <col><b>Abstract</b></col> or <col><b>Pure
mathematics</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Mathematics</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ab*stract"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abstracted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abstracting</u>.] [See <u>Abstract</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw; to separate; to take
away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was incapable of forming any opinion or resolution
<i>abstracted</i> from his own prejudices.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw off in respect to interest or attention;
as, his was wholly <i>abstracted</i> by other objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The young stranger had been <i>abstracted</i> and
silent.<BR>
<i>Blackw. Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To separate, as ideas, by the operation of the
mind; to consider by itself; to contemplate separately, as a quality or
attribute.</def>  <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To epitomize; to abridge.</def>
<i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To take secretly or dishonestly; to purloin; as,
to <i>abstract</i> goods from a parcel, or money from a till.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Von Rosen had quietly <i>abstracted</i> the bearing-reins
from the harness.<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To separate, as the more volatile
or soluble parts of a substance, by distillation or other chemical
processes. In this sense <i>extract</i> is now more generally
used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*stract"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To perform the process
of abstraction.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I own myself able to <i>abstract</i> in one sense.<BR>
<i>Berkeley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab"stract`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Abstract</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which comprises or
concentrates in itself the essential qualities of a larger thing or of
several things. Specifically: A summary or an epitome, as of a treatise or
book, or of a statement; a brief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>abstract</i> of every treatise he had read.<BR>
<i>Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Man, the <i>abstract</i><BR>
Of all perfection, which the workmanship<BR>
Of Heaven hath modeled.<BR>
<i>Ford.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of separation from other things; as, to
consider a subject in the <i>abstract</i>, or apart from other associated
things.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An abstract term.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The concretes "father" and "son" have, or might have, the
<i>abstracts</i> "paternity" and "filiety."<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A powdered solid extract of a
vegetable substance mixed with sugar of milk in such proportion that one
part of the abstract represents two parts of the original
substance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Abstract of title</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an epitome of the
evidences of ownership.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abridgment; compendium; epitome; synopsis. See
<u>Abridgment</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ab*stract"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Separated or disconnected; withdrawn; removed; apart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The evil <i>abstracted</i> stood from his own evil.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Separated from matter; abstract; ideal.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Abstract; abstruse; difficult.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Inattentive to surrounding objects; absent in
mind.</def> "An <i>abstracted</i> scholar."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*stract"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an abstracted
manner; separately; with absence of mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*stract"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
abstracted; abstract character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*stract"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
abstracts, or makes an abstract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*strac"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>abstraction</i>. See <u>Abstract</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of abstracting, separating, or withdrawing,
or the state of being withdrawn; withdrawal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wrongful <i>abstraction</i> of wealth from certain members
of the community.<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The act process of leaving out
of consideration one or more properties of a complex object so as to attend
to others; analysis. Thus, when the mind considers the form of a tree by
itself, or the color of the leaves as separate from their size or figure,
the act is called <i>abstraction</i>. So, also, when it considers
<i>whiteness</i>, <i>softness</i>, <i>virtue</i>, <i>existence</i>, as
separate from any particular objects.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Abstraction</i> is necessary to classification, by which
things are arranged in genera and species. We separate in idea the
qualities of certain objects, which are of the same kind, from others which
are different, in each, and arrange the objects having the same properties
in a class, or collected body.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Abstraction</i> is no positive act: it is simply the
negative of attention.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An idea or notion of an abstract, or theoretical
nature; as, to fight for mere <i>abstractions</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A separation from worldly objects; a recluse
life; as, a hermit's <i>abstraction</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Absence or absorption of mind; inattention to
present objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The taking surreptitiously for one's own use
part of the property of another; purloining.</def> [Modern]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A separation of volatile parts by
the act of distillation.</def>  <i>Nicholson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*strac"tion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
abstraction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*strac"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An idealist.</def>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`strac*ti"tious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Obtained
from plants by distillation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*strac"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>abstractif</i>.] <def>Having the power of abstracting; of an abstracting
nature.</def> "The <i>abstractive</i> faculty."  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*strac"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a abstract
manner; separately; in or by itself.</def>  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*strac"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being abstractive; abstractive property.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"stract`ly</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
abstract state or manner; separately; absolutely; by itself; as, matter
<i>abstractly</i> considered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab"stract`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
abstract.</def> "The <i>abstractness</i> of the ideas."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*stringe"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L <i>ab</i> +
<i>stringere</i>, <i>strictum</i>, to press together.] <def>To
unbind.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*strude"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>abstrudere</i>. See <u>Abstruse</u>.] <def>To thrust away.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*struse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>abstrusus</i>, p.
p. of <i>abstrudere</i> to thrust away, conceal; <i>ab</i>, <i>abs</i> +
<i>trudere</i> to thrust; cf. F. <i>abstrus</i>. See <u>Threat</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Concealed or hidden out of the way.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The eternal eye whose sight discerns<BR>
<i>Abstrusest</i> thoughts.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Remote from apprehension; difficult to be
comprehended or understood; recondite; as, <i>abstruse</i>
learning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Profound and <i>abstruse</i> topics.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*struse"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an abstruse
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*struse"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
abstruse; difficulty of apprehension.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*stru"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abstrusio</i>.
See <u>Abstruse</u>.] <def>The act of thrusting away.</def> [R.]
<i>Ogilvie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*stru"si*ty</hw> (&abreve;b*str&udd;"s&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Abstruseness; that which is abstruse.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sume"</hw> (&abreve;b*s&umacr;m"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>absumere</i>, <i>absumptum</i>; <i>ab</i> + <i>sumere</i> to take.]
<def>To consume gradually; to waste away.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*sump"tion</hw> (&abreve;b*s&ubreve;mp"sh&ubreve;n; 215),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>absumptio</i>. See <u>Absume</u>.] <def>Act of
wasting away; a consuming; extinction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*surd"</hw> (&abreve;b*s&ucirc;rd"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>absurdus</i> harsh-sounding; <i>ab</i> + (prob) a derivative fr. a root
<i>svar</i> to sound; not connected with <i>surd</i>: cf. F.
<i>absurde</i>. See <u>Syringe</u>.] <def>Contrary to reason or propriety;
obviously and flatly opposed to manifest truth; inconsistent with the plain
dictates of common sense; logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous;
as, an <i>absurd</i> person, an <i>absurd</i> opinion; an <i>absurd</i>
dream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This proffer is <i>absurd</i> and reasonless.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>'This phrase <i>absurd</i> to call a villain great.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i>
 <i>p. 9</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Foolish; irrational; ridiculous; preposterous;
inconsistent; incongruous.  -- <u>Absurd</u>, <u>Irrational</u>,
<u>Foolish</u>, <u>Preposterous</u>. Of these terms, <i>irrational</i> is
the weakest, denoting that which is plainly inconsistent with the dictates
of sound reason; as, an <i>irrational</i> course of life. <i>Foolish</i>
rises higher, and implies either a perversion of that faculty, or an
absolute weakness or fatuity of mind; as, <i>foolish</i> enterprises.
<i>Absurd</i> rises still higher, denoting that which is plainly opposed to
received notions of propriety and truth; as, an <i>absurd</i> man, project,
opinion, story, argument, etc. <i>Preposterous</i> rises still higher, and
supposes an absolute <i>inversion</i> in the order of things; or, in plain
terms, a "putting of the cart before the horse;" as, a <i>preposterous</i>
suggestion, <i>preposterous</i> conduct, a <i>preposterous</i> regulation
or law.</p>

<p><! p. 9  !></p>

<p><hw>Ab*surd"</hw> (&abreve;b*s&ucirc;rd"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
absurdity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab*surd"i*ty</hw> (-&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Absurdities</b></plw> (-t&ibreve;z). [L.
<i>absurditas</i>: cf. F. <i>absurdite</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or
sound judgment.</def> "The <i>absurdity</i> of the actual idea of an
infinite number."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is absurd; an absurd action; a
logical contradiction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His travels were full of <i>absurdities</i>.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ab*surd"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an absurd
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ab*surd"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absurdity.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>||A*bu"na</hw> (&adot;*b&oomac;"n&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Eth.
and Ar., our father.] <def>The Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian
Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bun"dance</hw> (&adot;*b&ubreve;n"d<i>a</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>(h)abundaunce</i>, <i>abundance</i>, F.
<i>abondance</i>, L. <i>abundantia</i>, fr. <i>abundare</i>. See
<u>Abound</u>.] <def>An overflowing fullness; ample sufficiency; great
plenty; profusion; copious supply; superfluity; wealth: -- strictly
applicable to quantity only, but sometimes used of number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is lamentable to remember what <i>abundance</i> of noble
blood hath been shed with small benefit to the Christian state.<BR>
<i>Raleigh.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Exuberance; plenteousness; plenty; copiousness; overflow;
riches; affluence; wealth.  -- <u>Abundance</u>, <u>Plenty</u>,
<u>Exuberance</u>. These words rise upon each other in expressing the idea
of fullness. <i>Plenty</i> denotes a sufficiency to supply every want; as,
<i>plenty</i> of food, <i>plenty</i> of money, etc. <i>Abundance</i>
express more, and gives the idea of superfluity or excess; as,
<i>abundance</i> of riches, an <i>abundance</i> of wit and humor; often,
however, it only denotes plenty in a high degree. <i>Exuberance</i> rises
still higher, and implies a bursting forth on every side, producing great
superfluity or redundance; as, an <i>exuberance</i> of mirth, an
<i>exuberance</i> of animal spirits, etc.</p>

<p><hw>A*bun"dant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>(h)abundant</i>,
<i>aboundant</i>, F. <i>abondant</i>, fr. L. <i>abudans</i>, p. pr. of
<i>abundare</i>. See <u>Abound</u>.] <def>Fully sufficient; plentiful; in
copious supply; -- followed by <i>in</i>, rarely by <i>with</i>.</def>
"<i>Abundant</i> in goodness and truth."  <i>Exod. xxxiv. 6.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Abundant number</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a number, the sum
of whose aliquot parts exceeds the number itself. Thus, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, the
aliquot parts of 12, make the number 16. This is opposed to a
<i>deficient</i> number, as 14, whose aliquot parts are 1, 2, 7, the sum of
which is 10; and to a <i>perfect</i> number, which is equal to the sum of
its aliquot parts, as 6, whose aliquot parts are 1, 2., 3.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ample; plentiful; copious; plenteous; exuberant;
overflowing; rich; teeming; profuse; bountiful; liberal. See
<u>Ample</u>.</p>

<p><hw>A*bun"dant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sufficient
degree; fully; amply; plentifully; in large measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*burst"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>burst</i>.] <def>In a bursting condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bus"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
abused.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bus"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Abuse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Whately (1634).</i></p>

<p><hw>A*buse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abused</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abusing</u>.] [F. <i>abuser</i>; L. <i>abusus</i>, p. p. of <i>abuti</i>
to abuse, misuse; <i>ab</i> + <i>uti</i> to use. See <u>Use</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to misuse; to
put to a bad use; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert; as, to
<i>abuse</i> inherited gold; to make an excessive use of; as, to
<i>abuse</i> one's authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This principle (if one may so <i>abuse</i> the word) shoots
rapidly into popularity.<BR>
<i>Froude.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use ill; to maltreat; to act injuriously to;
to punish or to tax excessively; to hurt; as, to <i>abuse</i> prisoners, to
<i>abuse</i> one's powers, one's patience.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To revile; to reproach coarsely; to
disparage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . tellers of news <i>abused</i> the general.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dishonor.</def> "Shall flight <i>abuse</i>
your name?"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To violate; to ravish.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To deceive; to impose on.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud, and
<i>abused</i> by a double object.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To maltreat; injure; revile; reproach; vilify;
vituperate; asperse; traduce; malign.</p>

<p><hw>A*buse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>abus</i>, L.
<i>abusus</i>, fr. <i>abuti</i>. See <u>Abuse</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Improper treatment or use; application to a wrong
or bad purpose; misuse; as, an <i>abuse of our natural powers</i>; <i>an
abuse</i> of civil rights, or of privileges or advantages; an <i>abuse</i>
of language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Liberty may be endangered by the <i>abuses</i> of liberty,
as well as by the <i>abuses</i> of power.<BR>
<i>Madison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Physical ill treatment; injury.</def> "Rejoice .
. . at the <i>abuse</i> of Falstaff."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A corrupt practice or custom; offense; crime;
fault; as, the <i>abuses</i> in the civil service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Abuse</i> after disappeared without a struggle..<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Vituperative words; coarse, insulting speech;
abusive language; virulent condemnation; reviling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of
<i>abuse</i>, came to blows.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Violation; rape; as, <i>abuse</i> of a female
child.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Or is it some <i>abuse</i>, and no such thing?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Abuse of distress</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a wrongful using
of an animal or chattel distrained, by the distrainer.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Invective; contumely; reproach; scurrility; insult;
opprobrium.  -- <u>Abuse</u>, <u>Invective</u>. <i>Abuse</i> is generally
prompted by anger, and vented in harsh and unseemly words. It is more
personal and coarse than <i>invective</i>. <i>Abuse</i> generally takes
place in private quarrels; <i>invective</i> in writing or public
discussions. <i>Invective</i> may be conveyed in refined language and
dictated by indignation against what is blameworthy.  <i>C. J. Smith.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>A*buse"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of abuse;
abusive.</def> [R.] "<i>Abuseful</i> names."  <i>Bp. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bus"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who abuses [in
the various senses of the verb].</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bu"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>abusion</i>,
<i>abusioun</i>, OF. <i>abusion</i>, fr. L. <i>abusio</i> misuse of words,
f. <i>abuti</i>. See <u>Abuse</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Evil or
corrupt usage; abuse; wrong; reproach; deception; cheat.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bu"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>abusif</i>,
fr. L. <i>abusivus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wrongly used; perverted;
misapplied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am . . . necessitated to use the word Parliament
improperly, according to the <i>abusive</i> acceptation thereof.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to misusing; also, full of abuses.</def>
[Archaic] "The <i>abusive</i> prerogatives of his see."  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Practicing abuse; prone to ill treat by coarse,
insulting words or by other ill usage; as, an <i>abusive</i> author; an
<i>abusive</i> fellow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Containing abuse, or serving as the instrument
of abuse; vituperative; reproachful; scurrilous.</def> "An <i>abusive</i>
lampoon."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Tending to deceive; fraudulent; cheating.</def>
[Obs.] "An <i>abusive</i> treaty."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reproachful; scurrilous; opprobrious; insolent;
insulting; injurious; offensive; reviling.</p>

<p><hw>A*bu"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an abusive manner;
rudely; with abusive language.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bu"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
abusive; rudeness of language, or violence to the person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pick out mirth, like stones out of thy ground,<BR>
Profaneness, filthiness, <i>abusiveness</i>.<BR>
<i>Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*but"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Abutted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Abutting</u>.] [OF. <i>abouter</i>, <i>aboter</i>; cf. F.
<i>aboutir</i>, and also <i>abuter</i>; <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + OF.
<i>boter</i>, <i>buter</i>, to push: cf. F. <i>bout</i> end, and <i>but</i>
end, purpose.] <def>To project; to terminate or border; to be contiguous;
to meet; -- with <i>on</i>, <i>upon</i>, or <i>against</i>; as, his land
<i>abuts</i> on the road.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*bu"ti*lon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>aub&umacr;t&imacr;l&umacr;n</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
malvaceous plants of many species, found in the torrid and temperate zones
of both continents; -- called also <i>Indian mallow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*but"ment</hw> (&adot;*b&ubreve;t"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>State of abutting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That on or against which a body abuts or
presses</def>; as <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The solid part of
a pier or wall, etc., which receives the thrust or lateral pressure of an
arch, vault, or strut.</def> <i>Gwilt.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A fixed point or surface from which resistance or
reaction is obtained, as the cylinder head of a steam engine, the fulcrum
of a lever, etc.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In breech-loading
firearms, the block behind the barrel which receives the pressure due to
recoil.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*but"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The butting or
boundary of land, particularly at the end; a headland.</def>
<i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*but"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, abuts. Specifically, the owner of a contiguous estate; as, the
<i>abutters</i> on a street or a river.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*buzz"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>buzz</i>.] <def>In a buzz; buzzing.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*by"</hw>, <hw>A*bye"</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Abought</u> (&?;).] [AS.
<i>&amacr;bycgan</i> to pay for; pref. <i>&amacr;-</i> (cf. Goth. <i>us-
</i>, Ger. <i>er-</i>, orig. meaning <i>out</i>) + <i>bycgan</i> to buy.
See <u>Buy</u>, and cf. <u>Abide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pay for;
to suffer for; to atone for; to make amends for; to give
satisfaction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lest to thy peril thou <i>aby</i> it dear.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endure; to abide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But nought that wanteth rest can long <i>aby</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*bysm"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>abisme</i>; F.
<i>abime</i>, LL. <i>abyssimus</i>, a superl. of L. <i>abyssus</i>; Gr.
&?;. See <u>Abyss</u>.] <def>An abyss; a gulf.</def> "The <i>abysm</i> of
hell."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*bys"mal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, an abyss; bottomless; unending; profound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Geology gives one the same <i>abysmal</i> extent of time
that astronomy does of space.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*bys"mal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To a fathomless
depth; profoundly.</def> "<i>Abysmally</i> ignorant."  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*byss"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>abyssus</i> a
bottomless gulf, fr. Gr. &?; bottomless; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; depth,
bottom.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bottomless or unfathomed depth, gulf, or
chasm; hence, any deep, immeasurable, and, specifically, hell, or the
bottomless pit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye powers and spirits of this nethermost <i>abyss</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The throne is darkness, in the <i>abyss</i> of light.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Infinite time; a vast intellectual or moral
depth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>abysses</i> of metaphysical theology.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In unfathomable <i>abysses</i> of disgrace.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The center of an
escutcheon.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word, in its leading uses, is associated with the
cosmological notions of the Hebrews, having reference to a supposed
illimitable mass of waters from which our earth sprung, and beneath whose
profound depths the wicked were punished.  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*byss"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Abysmal</u>.]
<def>Belonging to, or resembling, an abyss; unfathomable.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Abyssal zone</b></col> <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i>, <cd>one of the
belts or zones into which Sir E. Forbes divides the bottom of the sea in
describing its plants, animals, etc. It is the one furthest from the shore,
embracing all beyond one hundred fathoms deep. Hence, <i>abyssal</i>
animals, plants, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ab`ys*sin"i*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Abyssinia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Abyssinian gold</b></col>, <cd>an alloy of 90.74 parts of copper
and 8.33 parts of zink.</cd>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ab`ys*sin"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native of Abyssinia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of the Abyssinian Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ca"ci*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A
roll or bag, filled with dust, borne by Byzantine emperors, as a memento of
mortality. It is represented on medals.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ca"cia</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Acacias</b></plw> (&?;), L. <plw><b>Acaci&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;).
[L. from Gr. &?;; orig. the name of a thorny tree found in Egypt; prob. fr.
the root <i>ak</i> to be sharp. See <u>Acute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A genus of leguminous trees and shrubs. Nearly 300 species are
Australian or Polynesian, and have terete or vertically compressed leaf
stalks, instead of the bipinnate leaves of the much fewer species of
America, Africa, etc.  Very few are found in temperate climates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The inspissated juice of several
species of acacia; -- called also <i>gum acacia</i>, and <i>gum
arabic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"a*cin</hw>, <hw>Ac"a*cine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Gum arabic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`a*deme"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>academia</i>. See
<u>Academy</u>.] <def>An academy.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`a*de"mi*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Academic.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac`a*de"mi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of an
academy, university, or college.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ac`a*dem"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ac`a*dem"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>academicus</i>: cf. F.
<i>acad&eacute;migue</i>. See <u>Academy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to the school or philosophy of Plato; as, the
<i>Academic</i> sect or philosophy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to an academy or other higher
institution of learning; scholarly; literary or classical, in distinction
from scientific.</def>  "<i>Academic</i> courses." <i>Warburton.</i>
"<i>Academical</i> study." <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`a*dem"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
holding the philosophy of Socrates and Plato; a Platonist.</def>
<i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of an academy, college, or university;
an academician.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`a*dem`ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an academical
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`a*dem"ic*als</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The
articles of dress prescribed and worn at some colleges and
universities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`a*de*mi"cian</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>acad&eacute;micien</i>. See <u>Academy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
member of an academy, or society for promoting science, art, or literature,
as of the French Academy, or the Royal Academy of arts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collegian.</def> [R.]
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`a*dem"i*cism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A tenet of the Academic philosophy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mannerism or mode peculiar to an
academy.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cad"e*mism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrines of
the Academic philosophy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cad"e*mist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>academiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An Academic
philosopher.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An academician.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cad"e*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Academies</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>acad&eacute;mie</i>, L.
<i>academia</i>. Cf. <u>Academe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A garden or
grove near Athens (so named from the hero <i>Academus</i>), where Plato and
his followers held their philosophical conferences; hence, the school of
philosophy of which Plato was head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An institution for the study of higher learning;
a college or a university. Popularly, a school, or seminary of learning,
holding a rank between a college and a common school.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place of training; a school.</def>
"<i>Academies</i> of fanaticism."  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A society of learned men united for the
advancement of the arts and sciences, and literature, or some particular
art or science; as, the French <i>Academy</i>; the American <i>Academy</i>
of Arts and Sciences; <i>academies</i> of literature and
philology.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A school or place of training in which some
special art is taught; as, the military <i>academy</i> at West Point; a
riding <i>academy</i>; the <i>Academy</i> of Music.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Academy figure</b></col> <i>(Paint.)</i>, <cd>a drawing usually
half life-size, in crayon or pencil, after a nude model.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*ca"di*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Acadie, or Nova Scotia.</def> "<i>Acadian</i> farmers." <i>Longfellow.</i>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of Acadie.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Acadian epoch</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>an epoch at the
beginning of the American paleozoic time, and including the oldest American
rocks known to be fossiliferous. See <u>Geology</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Acadian owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small North
American owl (<i>Nyctule Acadica</i>); the saw-whet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ac"a*jou</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Cashew</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The cashew tree; also, its fruit.
See <u>Cashew</u>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The mahogany tree; also,
its timber.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ac"a*leph</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ac`a*le"phan</hw> (&?;) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Acalephs</b></plw> (&?;),
<plw><b>Acalephans</b></plw> (&?;). [See <u>Acaleph&aelig;</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Acaleph&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`a*le"ph&aelig;</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?;, a nettle.] <def>A group of C&oelig;lenterata, including the
Medus&aelig; or jellyfishes, and hydroids; -- so called from the stinging
power they possess. Sometimes called <i>sea nettles</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ale"phoid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Acaleph</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to or resembling the
Acaleph&aelig; or jellyfishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cal"y*cine</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ac`a*lys`i*nous</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; calyx.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Without a calyx, or outer floral envelope.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*canth"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Acanthus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*can"tha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thorn, fr. &?;
point. See <u>Acute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
prickle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spine or prickly
fin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The vertebral column; the spinous
process of a vertebra.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"an*tha"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Armed with prickles, as a plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling,
the family of plants of which the acanthus is the type.</def></p>

<p><! p. 10 !></p>

<p><hw>A*can"thine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acanthinus</i>,
Gr. &?;, thorny, fr. &?;. See <u>Acanthus</u>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or
resembling, the plant acanthus.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*can`tho*car"pous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thorn +
&?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the fruit covered with
spines.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*can`tho*ceph"a*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?; a spine, thorn + &?; head.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group
of intestinal worms, having the proboscis armed with recurved
spines.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*can`tho*ceph"a*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a spiny head, as one of the
Acanthocephala.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`an*thoph"o*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; spine + &?; to bear.] <def>Spine-bearing.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*can`tho*po"di*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thorn
+ &?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having spinous petioles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`an*thop"ter*i</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; thorn + &?; wing, fin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
teleostean fishes having spiny fins. See <u>Acanthopterygii</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`an*thop"ter*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; spine +
&?; wing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Spiny-
winged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Acanthopterygious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`an*thop`ter*yg"i*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the order of fishes having spinose
fins, as the perch.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spiny-finned
fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`an*thop`ter*yg"i*i</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?; thorn + &?; fin, dim. fr. &?; wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of fishes having some of the rays of the dorsal, ventral, and
anal fins unarticulated and spinelike, as the perch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`an*thop`ter*yg"i*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having fins in which the rays are hard and
spinelike; spiny-finned.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*can"thus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Acanthuses</b></plw> (&?;), L. <plw><b>Acanthi</b></plw> (&?;).
[L., from Gr. &?;. Cf. <u>Acantha</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of herbaceous prickly
plants, found in the south of Europe, Asia Minor, and India; bear's-
breech.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament resembling the
foliage or leaves of the acanthus (<i>Acanthus spinosus</i>); -- used in
the capitals of the Corinthian and Composite orders.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A cap*pel"la</hw> (&?;). [It. See <u>Chapel</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In church or chapel style; -- said of compositions
sung in the old church style, without instrumental accompaniment; as, a
mass <i>a capella</i>, i. e., a mass purely vocal.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A time indication, equivalent to <i>alla
breve</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cap"su*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not +
<i>capsular</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having no capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*car"di*ac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; heart.] <def>Without a heart; as, an <i>acardiac</i>
fetus.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*car"i*dan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Acarus</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a group of arachnids, including the mites
and ticks.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`a*ri"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
a mite.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The group of Arachnida which includes the
mites and ticks. Many species are parasitic, and cause diseases like the
itch and mange.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"a*rine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or
caused by <i>acari</i> or mites; as, <i>acarine</i> diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"a*roid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL., <i>acarus</i> a
mite + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Shaped like or resembling a
mite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ar*pel"lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not
+ <i>carpel</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having no carpels.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*car"pous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Not producing fruit;
unfruitful.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac"a*rus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Acari</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., from Gr. &?; the cheese mite, tick.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus including many species of small
mites.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cat`a*lec"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>acatalecticus</i>, Gr. &?;, not defective at the end; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; to cease.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Not defective; complete; as, an
<i>acatalectic</i> verse.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A verse which
has the complete number of feet and syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cat"a*lep`sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to seize, comprehend.] <def>Incomprehensibility
of things; the doctrine held by the ancient Skeptic philosophers, that
human knowledge never amounts to certainty, but only to
probability.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cat`a*lep"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Incapable of being comprehended; incomprehensible.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ca"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caterer</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*cates"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cates</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*cau"date</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not +
<i>caudate</i>.] <def>Tailless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`au*les"cent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not
+ <i>caulescent</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having no stem or caulis, or only
a very short one concealed in the ground.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cau"line</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not +
<i>cauline</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Acaulescent</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*cau"lose</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*cau"lous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; stalk or L.
<i>caulis</i> stalk. See <u>Cole</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Acaulescent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*ca"di*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From the city
<i>Accad</i>. See Gen. x. 10.] <def>Pertaining to a race supposed to have
lived in Babylonia before the Assyrian conquest.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ac*ca"di*an</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <wf>Ac"cad</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Sayce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cede"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Acceded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Acceding</u>.] [L. <i>accedere</i> to approach, accede; <i>ad</i> +
<i>cedere</i> to move, yield: cf. F. <i>acc</i>&eacute;<i>dere</i>. See
<u>Cede</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To approach; to come forward; -- opposed to
<i>recede</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Gale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter upon an office or dignity; to
attain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Edward IV., who had <i>acceded</i> to the throne in the year
1461.<BR>
<i>T. Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If Frederick had <i>acceded to the supreme power</i>.<BR>
<i>Morley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To become a party by associating one's self with
others; to give one's adhesion. Hence, to agree or assent to a proposal or
a view; as, he <i>acceded</i> to my request.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The treaty of Hanover in 1725 . . . to which the Dutch
afterwards <i>acceded</i>.<BR>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To agree; assent; consent; comply; acquiesce; concur.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*ced"ence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
acceding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*ced"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
accedes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac*cel`er*an"do</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Gradually accelerating the movement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cel"er*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Accelerated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Accelerating</u>.] [L. <i>acceleratus</i>, p. p. of <i>accelerare</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>celerare</i> to hasten; <i>celer</i> quick. See
<u>Celerity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to move faster; to
quicken the motion of; to add to the speed of; -- opposed to
<i>retard</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To quicken the natural or ordinary progression
or process of; as, to <i>accelerate</i> the growth of a plant, the increase
of wealth, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hasten, as the occurence of an event; as, to
<i>accelerate</i> our departure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Accelerated motion</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>motion with a
continually increasing velocity.</cd> -- <col><b>Accelerating
force</b></col>, <cd>the force which causes accelerated motion.</cd>
 <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hasten; expedite; quicken; dispatch; forward; advance;
further.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cel`er*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>acceleratio</i>: cf. F. <i>acc&eacute;l&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>The act
of accelerating, or the state of being accelerated; increase of motion or
action; as, a falling body moves toward the earth with an
<i>acceleration</i> of velocity; -- opposed to
<i>retardation</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A period of social improvement, or of intellectual
advancement, contains within itself a principle of <i>acceleration</i>.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><i>(Astr. &amp; Physics.)</i> <col><b>Acceleration of the moon</b></col>,
<cd>the increase of the moon's mean motion in its orbit, in consequence of
which its period of revolution is now shorter than in ancient times.</cd> -
- <col><b>Acceleration</b></col> and <col><b>retardation of the
tides</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Priming of the tides</i>, under
<u>Priming</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Diurnal acceleration of the fixed
stars</b></col>, <cd>the amount by which their apparent diurnal motion
exceeds that of the sun, in consequence of which they daily come to the
meridian of any place about three minutes fifty-six seconds of solar time
earlier than on the day preceding.</cd> -- <col><b>Acceleration of the
planets</b></col>, <cd>the increasing velocity of their motion, in
proceeding from the apogee to the perigee of their orbits.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cel"er*a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
acceleration; adding to velocity; quickening.</def>  <i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cel"er*a`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, accelerates. Also as an <i>adj</i>.; as, <i>accelerator</i>
nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cel"er*a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Accelerative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cel"er*o*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Acceler</i>ate + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An apparatus for
studying the combustion of powder in guns, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cel`er*om"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Acceler</i>ate + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An apparatus for measuring the
velocity imparted by gunpowder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cend"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>accendere</i>,
<i>accensum</i>, to kindle; <i>ad</i> + <i>cand&ebreve;re</i> to kindle
(only in compounds); rel. to <i>cand&emacr;re</i> to be white, to gleam.
See <u>Candle</u>.] <def>To set on fire; to kindle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cend`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Capacity of
being kindled, or of becoming inflamed; inflammability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cend"i*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
inflamed or kindled; combustible; inflammable.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cen"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
kindling or the state of being kindled; ignition.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cen"sor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., from p. p.
<i>accensus</i>. See <u>Accend</u>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One of the
functionaries who light and trim the tapers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"cent`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>accent</i>, L.
<i>accentus</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>cantus</i> a singing, <i>canere</i> to
sing. See <u>Cant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A superior force of voice
or of articulative effort upon some particular syllable of a word or a
phrase, distinguishing it from the others.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many English words have two accents, the <i>primary</i> and the
<i>secondary</i>; the primary being uttered with a greater stress of voice
than the secondary; as in <i>as</i>&prime;<i>pira</i>\'b6<i>tion</i>, where
the chief stress is on the third syllable, and a slighter stress on the
first. Some words, as <i>an&prime;tiap&prime;o-plec\'b6tic</i>, <i>in-
com&prime;pre-hen&prime;si-bil\'b6i-ty</i>, have two secondary accents. See
Guide to Pron., t=t= 30-46.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mark or character used in writing, and serving
to regulate the pronunciation; esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> a mark to indicate
the nature and place of the spoken accent; <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> a mark to
indicate the quality of sound of the vowel marked; as, the French
<i>accents</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the ancient Greek the <i>acute accent</i> (&prime;) meant a
raised tone or pitch, the <i>grave</i> (<i>`</i>), the level tone or simply
the negation of accent, the <i>circumflex</i> ( ~ or ^) a tone raised and
then depressed. In works on elocution, the first is often used to denote
the rising inflection of the voice; the second, the falling inflection; and
the third (^), the compound or waving inflection. In dictionaries, spelling
books, and the like, the acute accent is used to designate the syllable
which receives the chief stress of voice.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Modulation of the voice in speaking; manner of
speaking or pronouncing; peculiar or characteristic modification of the
voice; tone; as, a foreign <i>accent</i>; a French or a German
<i>accent</i>.</def>   "Beguiled you in a plain <i>accent</i>."
<i>Shak.</i> "A perfect <i>accent</i>." <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tender <i>accent</i> of a woman's cry.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A word; a significant tone</def>; (pl.)
<def>expressions in general; speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Winds! on your wings to Heaven her <i>accents</i> bear,<BR>
Such words as Heaven alone is fit to hear.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Stress laid on certain syllables
of a verse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A regularly
recurring stress upon the tone to mark the beginning, and, more feebly, the
third part of the measure.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A special
emphasis of a tone, even in the weaker part of the measure.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The <i>rhythmical accent</i>, which marks phrases
and sections of a period.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The
<i>expressive</i> emphasis and shading of a passage.</def>  <i>J. S.
Dwight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mark placed
at the right hand of a letter, and a little above it, to distinguish
magnitudes of a similar kind expressed by the same letter, but differing in
value, as y&prime;, y&Prime;.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Trigon.)</i>
<def>A mark at the right hand of a number, indicating minutes of a degree,
seconds, etc.; as, 12&prime;27&Prime;, <i>i. e.</i>, twelve minutes twenty
seven seconds.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>A mark used
to denote feet and inches; as, 6&prime; 10&Prime; is six feet ten
inches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cent"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Accented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Accenting</u>.] [OF. <i>accenter</i>, F. <i>accentuer</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To express the accent of (either by the voice or
by a mark); to utter or to mark with accent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark emphatically; to emphasize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"cent`less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
accent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cen"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ad</i>. +
<i>cantor</i> singer, <i>canere</i> to sing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One who sings the leading part; the director or
leader.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of European birds
(so named from their sweet notes), including the hedge warbler. In America
sometimes applied to the water thrushes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cen"tu*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being accented.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cen"tu*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to accent; characterized or formed by accent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cen`tu*al"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being accentual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cen"tu*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
accentual manner; in accordance with accent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cen"tu*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Accentuated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Accentuating</u>.] [LL. <i>accentuatus</i>, p. p. of <i>accentuare</i>,
fr. L. <i>accentus</i>: cf. F. <i>accentuer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pronounce with an accent or with accents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring out distinctly; to make prominent; to
emphasize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In Bosnia, the struggle between East and West was even more
<i>accentuated</i>.<BR>
<i>London Times.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mark with the written accent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cen`tu*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>accentuatio</i>: cf. F. <i>accentuation</i>.] <def>Act of accentuating;
applications of accent.</def> Specifically <i>(Eccles. Mus.)</i>,
<def>pitch or modulation of the voice in reciting portions of the
liturgy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept"</hw> (&abreve;k*s&ebreve;pt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Accepted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Accepting</u>.] [F. <i>accepter</i>, L. <i>acceptare</i>,
freq. of <i>accipere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>capere</i> to take; akin to E.
<i>heave</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To receive with a consenting mind (something
offered); as, to <i>accept</i> a gift; -- often followed by
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you <i>accept</i> them, then their worth is great.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>accept</i> of ransom for my son.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>accepted</i> of a treat.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To receive with favor; to approve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord <i>accept</i> thy burnt sacrifice.<BR>
<i>Ps. xx. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Peradventure he will <i>accept</i> of me.<BR>
<i>Gen. xxxii. 20.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To receive or admit and agree to; to assent to;
as, I <i>accept</i> your proposal, amendment, or excuse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take by the mind; to understand; as, How are
these words to be <i>accepted</i>?</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To receive as obligatory and
promise to pay; as, to <i>accept</i> a bill of exchange.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In a deliberate body, to receive in acquittance
of a duty imposed; as, to <i>accept</i> the report of a committee. [This
makes it the property of the body, and the question is then on its
adoption.]</def></p>

<p><col><b>To accept a bill</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to agree (on the
part of the drawee) to pay it when due.</cd> -- <col><b>To accept
service</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to agree that a writ or process shall
be considered as regularly served, when it has not been.</cd> -- <col><b>To
accept the person</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>to show favoritism.</cd>
"God <i>accepteth</i> no man's <i>person</i>."  <i>Gal. ii. 6.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To receive; take; admit. See <u>Receive</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accepted.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>acceptabilitas</i>.] <def>The quality of being acceptable;
acceptableness.</def> "<i>Acceptability</i> of repentance."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept"a*ble</hw> (-s&ebreve;pt"&adot;*b'l; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>acceptable</i>, L. <i>acceptabilis</i>, fr.
<i>acceptare</i>.] <def>Capable, worthy, or sure of being accepted or
received with pleasure; pleasing to a receiver; gratifying; agreeable;
welcome; as, an <i>acceptable</i> present, one <i>acceptable</i> to
us.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept"a*ble*ness</hw>
(&abreve;k*s&ebreve;pt"&adot;*b'l*n&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being acceptable, or suitable to be favorably received;
acceptability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an acceptable
manner; in a manner to please or give satisfaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of accepting; a receiving what is offered, with approbation,
satisfaction, or acquiescence; esp., favorable reception; approval; as, the
<i>acceptance</i> of a gift, office, doctrine, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall come up with <i>acceptance</i> on mine altar.<BR>
<i>Isa. lx. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State of being accepted; acceptableness.</def>
"Makes it assured of <i>acceptance</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An assent and
engagement by the person on whom a bill of exchange is drawn, to pay it
when due according to the terms of the acceptance.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bill itself when accepted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An agreeing to terms or proposals by which a
bargain is concluded and the parties are bound; the reception or taking of
a thing bought as that for which it was bought, or as that agreed to be
delivered, or the taking possession as owner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An agreeing to the action of
another, by some act which binds the person in law.</def></p>

<p>&fist; What acts shall amount to such an <i>acceptance</i> is often a
question of great nicety and difficulty.  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i>
</p>

<p><! p. 11  !></p>

<p>&fist; In modern law, <i>proposal</i> and <i>acceptance</i> are the
constituent elements into which all contracts are resolved.</p>

<p><col><b>Acceptance of a bill of exchange</b></col>,
<col><b>check</b></col>, <col><b>draft</b></col>, or
<col><b>order</b></col>, <cd>is an engagement to pay it according to the
terms. This engagement is usually made by writing the word "accepted"
across the face of the bill.</cd>  <col><b>Acceptance of goods</b></col>,
<cd>under the statute of frauds, is an intelligent acceptance by a party
knowing the nature of the transaction.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Meaning; acceptation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Acceptance of persons</b></col>, <cd>partiality, favoritism. See
under <u>Accept</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept"an*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Acceptance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here's a proof of gift,<BR>
But here's no proof, sir, of <i>acceptancy</i>.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accepting;
receiving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An accepter.</def>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`cep*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Acceptance; reception; favorable reception or regard; state of being
acceptable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This is saying worthy of all <i>acceptation</i>.<BR>
<i>1 Tim. i. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Some things . . . are notwithstanding of so great dignity
and <i>acceptation</i> with God.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The meaning in which a word or expression is
understood, or generally received; as, term is to be used according to its
usual <i>acceptation</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My words, in common <i>acceptation</i>,<BR>
Could never give this provocation.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept"ed*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a accepted
manner; admittedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person who accepts; a taker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A respecter; a viewer with partiality.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God is no <i>accepter</i> of persons.<BR>
<i>Chillingworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An acceptor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cep`ti*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>acceptilatio</i> entry of a debt collected, acquittance, fr. p. p. of
<i>accipere</i> (cf. <u>Accept</u>) +  <i>latio</i> a carrying, fr.
<i>latus</i>, p. p. of <i>ferre</i> to carry: cf. F. <i>acceptilation</i>.]
<i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>Gratuitous discharge; a release from debt or
obligation without payment; free remission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cep"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acceptio</i> a
receiving, accepting: cf. F. <i>acception</i>.] <def>Acceptation; the
received meaning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here the word "baron" is not to be taken in that restrictive
sense to which the modern <i>acception</i> hath confined it.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Acception of persons</b></col> or <col><b>faces</b></col>
<i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>favoritism; partiality.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fit for acceptance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ready to accept.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cept"or</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
accepts</def>; specifically <i>(Law &amp; Com.)</i>, <def>one who accepts an
order or a bill of exchange; a drawee after he has accepted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cess"</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>acc&egrave;s</i>, L. <i>accessus</i>, fr. <i>accedere</i>. See
<u>Accede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A coming to, or near approach;
admittance; admission; accessibility; as, to gain <i>access</i> to a
prince.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I did repel his letters, and denied<BR>
His <i>access</i> to me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The means, place, or way by which a thing may be
approached; passage way; as, the <i>access</i> is by a neck of land.</def>
"All <i>access</i> was thronged."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Admission to sexual intercourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>During coverture, <i>access</i> of the husband shall be
presumed, unless the contrary be shown.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Increase by something added; addition; as, an
<i>access</i> of territory. [In this sense <i>accession</i> is more
generally used.]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I, from the influence of thy looks, receive<BR>
<i>Access</i> in every virtue.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An onset, attack, or fit of disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first <i>access</i> looked like an apoplexy.<BR>
<i>Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A paroxysm; a fit of passion; an outburst; as,
an <i>access</i> of fury.</def> [A Gallicism]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*ces"sa*ri*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of an accessary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*ces"sa*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
accessary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*ces"sa*ry</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accompanying,
as a subordinate; additional; accessory; esp., uniting in, or contributing
to, a crime, but not as chief actor. See <u>Accessory</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To both their deaths thou shalt be <i>accessary</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Amongst many secondary and <i>accessary</i> causes that
support monarchy, these are not of least reckoning.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*ces"sa*ry</hw> (277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Accessaries</b></plw> (&?;). [Cf. <u>Accessory</u> and LL.
<i>accessarius</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who, not being present,
contributes as an assistant or instigator to the commission of an
offense.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Accessary before the fact</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one who
commands or counsels an offense, not being present at its commission.</cd>
-- <col><b>Accessary after the fact</b></col>, <cd>one who, after an
offense, assists or shelters the offender, not being present at the
commission of the offense.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; This word, as used in law, is spelt <i>accessory</i> by
Blackstone and many others; but in this sense is spelt <i>accessary</i> by
Bouvier, Burrill, Burns, Whishaw, Dane, and the Penny Cyclopedia; while in
other senses it is spelt <i>accessory</i>. In recent text-books on criminal
law the distinction is not preserved, the spelling being either
<i>accessary</i> or <i>accessory</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cess`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>accessibilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>accessibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality of being accessible, or of admitting approach; receptibility.</def>
<i>Langhorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cess"i*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>accessibilis</i>, fr. <i>accedere</i>: cf. F. <i>accessible</i>. See
<u>Accede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easy of access or approach;
approachable; as, an <i>accessible</i> town or mountain, an
<i>accessible</i> person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Open to the influence of; -- with
<i>to</i>.</def> "Minds <i>accessible</i> to reason."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Obtainable; to be got at.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best information . . . at present <i>accessible</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cess"i*bly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
accessible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*ces"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>accessio</i>,
fr. <i>accedere</i>: cf. F. <i>accession</i>. See <u>Accede</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A coming to; the act of acceding and becoming
joined; as, a king's <i>accession</i> to a confederacy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Increase by something added; that which is
added; augmentation from without; as, an <i>accession</i> of wealth or
territory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The only <i>accession</i> which the Roman empire received
was the province of Britain.<BR>
<i>Gibbon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mode of
acquiring property, by which the owner of a corporeal substance which
receives an addition by growth, or by labor, has a right to the part or
thing added, or the improvement (provided the thing is not changed into a
different species). Thus, the owner of a cow becomes the owner of her
calf.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act by which one power becomes
party to engagements already in force between other powers.</def>
<i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of coming to or reaching a throne, an
office, or dignity; as, the <i>accession</i> of the house of Stuart; --
applied especially to the epoch of a new dynasty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The invasion, approach, or
commencement of a disease; a fit or paroxysm.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Increase; addition; augmentation; enlargement.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*ces"sion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
accession; additional.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*ces"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Additional.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ces*so"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an accessory; as, <i>accessorial</i> agency,
<i>accessorial</i> guilt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*ces"so*ri*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of an accessory; auxiliary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*ces"so*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
accessory, or connected subordinately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*ces"so*ry</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>accessorius</i>. See <u>Access</u>, and cf. <u>Accessary</u>.]
<def>Accompanying as a subordinate; aiding in a secondary way; additional;
connected as an incident or subordinate to a principal; contributing or
contributory; said of persons and things, and, when of persons, usually in
a bad sense; as, he was <i>accessory</i> to the riot; <i>accessory</i>
sounds in music.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Ash accents the antepenult; and this is not only more regular,
but preferable, on account of easiness of pronunciation. Most
orho&euml;pists place the accent on the <i>first</i> syllable.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Accompanying; contributory; auxiliary; subsidiary;
subservient; additional; acceding.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*ces"so*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Accessories</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
belongs to something else deemed the principal; something additional and
subordinate.</def> "The aspect and <i>accessories</i> of a den of
banditti."  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Same as <u>Accessary</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Anything that enters into a
work of art without being indispensably necessary, as mere ornamental
parts.</def>  <i>Elmes.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abettor; accomplice; ally; coadjutor. See
<u>Abettor</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Ac*ciac`ca*tu"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., from
<i>acciaccare</i> to crush.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short grace note, one
semitone below the note to which it is prefixed; -- used especially in
organ music. Now used as equivalent to the short
<i>appoggiatura</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ci*dence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of Eng.
<i>accidents</i>, pl. of <i>accident</i>. See <u>Accident</u>, 2.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The accidents, of inflections of words; the
rudiments of grammar.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The rudiments of any subject.</def>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ci*dent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>accident</i>, fr.
L. <i>accidens</i>, <i>-dentis</i>, p. pr. of <i>accidere</i> to happen;
<i>ad</i> + <i>cadere</i> to fall. See <u>Cadence</u>, <u>Case</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Literally, a befalling; an event that takes place
without one's foresight or expectation; an undesigned, sudden, and
unexpected event; chance; contingency; often, an undesigned and unforeseen
occurrence of an afflictive or unfortunate character; a casualty; a mishap;
as, to die by an <i>accident</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of moving <i>accidents</i> by flood and field.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou cam'st not to thy place by <i>accident</i>:<BR>
It is the very place God meant for thee.<BR>
<i>Trench.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A property attached to a word,
but not essential to it, as gender, number, case.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A point or mark which may be
retained or omitted in a coat of arms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Log.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A property or
quality of a thing which is not essential to it, as <i>whiteness</i> in
paper; an attribute.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A quality or attribute
in distinction from the substance, as <i>sweetness</i>,
<i>softness</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any accidental property, fact, or relation; an
accidental or nonessential; as, beauty is an <i>accident</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>accident</i>, as I call it, of Athens being situated
some miles from the sea.<BR>
<i>J. P. Mahaffy.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Unusual appearance or effect.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Accident</i>, in <i>Law</i>, is equivalent to <i>casus</i>, or
such unforeseen, extraordinary, extraneous interference as is out of the
range of ordinary calculation.</p>

<p><hw>Ac`ci*den"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>accidentel</i>, earlier <i>accidental</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Happening by chance, or unexpectedly; taking place not according to
the usual course of things; casual; fortuitous; as, an <i>accidental</i>
visit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nonessential; not necessary belonging;
incidental; as, are <i>accidental</i> to a play.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Accidental chords</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>those which
contain one or more tones foreign to their proper harmony.</cd> --
<col><b>Accidental colors</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>colors depending on
the hypersensibility of the retina of the eye for complementary colors.
They are purely subjective sensations of color which often result from the
contemplation of actually colored bodies.</cd> -- <col><b>Accidental
point</b></col> <i>(Persp.)</i>, <cd>the point in which a right line, drawn
from the eye, parallel to a given right line, cuts the perspective plane;
so called to distinguish it from the principal point, or point of view,
where a line drawn from the eye perpendicular to the perspective plane
meets this plane.</cd> -- <col><b>Accidental lights</b></col>
<i>(Paint.)</i>, <cd>secondary lights; effects of light other than ordinary
daylight, such as the rays of the sun darting through a cloud, or between
the leaves of trees; the effect of moonlight, candlelight, or burning
bodies.</cd>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Casual; fortuitous; contingent; occasional; adventitious.
-- <u>Accidental</u>, <u>Incidental</u>, <u>Casual</u>, <u>Fortuitous</u>,
<u>Contingent</u>. We speak of a thing as <i>accidental</i> when it falls
out as by chance, and not in the regular course of things; as, an
<i>accidental</i> meeting, an <i>accidental</i> advantage, etc.  We call a
thing <i>incidental</i> when it falls, as it were, <i>into</i> some regular
course of things, but is secondary, and forms no essential part thereof;
as, an <i>incremental</i> remark, an <i>incidental</i> evil, an
<i>incidental</i> benefit. We speak of a thing as <i>casual</i>, when it
falls out or happens, as it were, by mere chance, without being prearranged
or premeditated; as, a <i>casual</i> remark or encounter; a <i>casual</i>
observer. An idea of the unimportant is attached to what is <i>casual</i>.
<i>Fortuitous</i> is applied to what occurs without any known cause, and in
opposition to what has been foreseen; as, a <i>fortuitous</i> concourse of
atoms. We call a thing <i>contingent</i> when it is such that, considered
in itself, it may or may not happen, but is dependent for its existence on
something else; as, the time of my coming will be <i>contingent</i> on
intelligence yet to be received.</p>

<p><hw>Ac`ci*den"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A property which is not essential; a nonessential; anything happening
accidentally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He conceived it just that <i>accidentals</i> . . . should
sink with the substance of the accusation.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Those fortuitous
effects produced by luminous rays falling on certain objects so that some
parts stand forth in abnormal brightness and other parts are cast into a
deep shadow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A sharp, flat, or natural,
occurring not at the commencement of a piece of music as the signature, but
before a particular note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ci*den"tal*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Accidental
character or effect.</def>  <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ci*den*tal"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being accidental; accidentalness.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ci*den"tal*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
accidental manner; unexpectedly; by chance; unintentionally; casually;
fortuitously; not essentially.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ci*den"tal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being accidental; casualness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ci*die</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>accide</i>,
<i>accidie</i>, LL. <i>accidia</i>, <i>acedia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; care.] <def>Sloth; torpor.</def> [Obs.] "The sin
of <i>accidie</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ci*pen"ser</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Acipenser</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cip"i*ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>accipiens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>accipere</i>. See <u>Accept</u>.] <def>A receiver.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ac*cip"i*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Accipiters</b></plw> (&?;). L. <plw><b>Accipitres</b></plw> (&?;).
[L., hawk.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
rapacious birds; one of the Accipitres or Raptores.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A bandage applied over the nose,
resembling the claw of a hawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cip"i*tral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or of the nature of, a falcon or hawk; hawklike.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ac*cip"i*tres</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., hawks.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The order that includes rapacious birds. They have
a hooked bill, and sharp, strongly curved talons. There are three families,
represented by the vultures, the falcons or hawks, and the owls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cip"i*trine</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>accipitrin</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or belonging to the
Accipitres; raptorial; hawklike.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac*cis"mus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Affected refusal; coyness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cite"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>accitus</i>, p.
p. of <i>accire</i>, <i>accere</i>, to call for; <i>ad</i> + <i>ciere</i>
to move, call. See <u>Cite</u>.] <def>To cite; to summon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our heralds now <i>accited</i> all that were<BR>
Endamaged by the Elians.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*claim"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>acclamare</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>clamare</i> to cry out. See <u>Claim</u>, <u>Clamor</u>.]
[R.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To applaud.</def> "A glad <i>acclaiming</i>
train."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To declare by acclamations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While the shouting crowd<BR>
<i>Acclaims</i> thee king of traitors.<BR>
<i>Smollett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To shout; as, to <i>acclaim</i> my
joy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*claim"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shout
applause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*claim"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Acclamation.</def>
[Poetic]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*claim"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
acclaims.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`cla*ma"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>acclamatio</i>: cf. F. <i>acclamation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
shout of approbation, favor, or assent; eager expression of approval; loud
applause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On such a day, a holiday having been voted by
<i>acclamation</i>, an ordinary walk would not satisfy the children.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A representation, in sculpture
or on medals, of people expressing joy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Acclamation medals</b></col> <cd>are those on which laudatory
acclamations are recorded.</cd>  <i>Elmes.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Ac*clam"a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or expressing approval by, acclamation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cli"ma*ta*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being acclimated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cli`ma*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>acclimation</i>. See <u>Acclimate</u>.] <def>Acclimatization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cli"mate</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Acclimated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Acclimating</u>.] [F. <i>acclimater</i>; <i>&agrave;</i> (l. <i>ad</i>)
+ <i>climat</i> climate. See <u>Climate</u>.] <def>To habituate to a
climate not native; to acclimatize.</def>  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cli"mate*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Acclimation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac`cli*ma"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of
becoming, or the state of being, acclimated, or habituated to a new
climate; acclimatization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cli"ma*ti`za*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being acclimatized.</def></p>

<p><! p. 12 !></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cli"ma*ti*za"tion</hw>
(&abreve;k`kl&imacr;"m&adot;*t&ibreve;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of acclimatizing; the process of inuring
to a new climate, or the state of being so inured.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cli"ma*tize</hw> (&abreve;k`kl&imacr;"m&adot;*t&imacr;z),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Acclimatized</u>
(-t&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Acclimatizing</u> (-
t&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] <def>To inure or habituate to a climate different
from that which is natural; to adapt to the peculiarities of a foreign or
strange climate; said of man, the inferior animals, or plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cli"ma*ture</hw> (#; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
acclimating, or the state of being acclimated.</def> [R.]
<i>Caldwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*clive"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acclivous.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cliv"i*tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Acclivous.</def>  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cliv"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Acclivities</b></plw> (&?;). [L.  <i>acclivitas</i>, fr.
<i>acclivis</i>, <i>acclivus</i>, ascending; <i>ad</i> + <i>clivus</i> a
hill, slope, fr. root <i>kli</i> to lean. See <u>Lean</u>.] <def>A slope or
inclination of the earth, as the side of a hill, considered as
<i>ascending</i>, in opposition to <i>declivity</i>, or <i>descending</i>;
an upward slope; ascent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cli"vous</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acclivis</i>
and <i>acclivus</i>.] <def>Sloping upward; rising as a hillside; -- opposed
to <i>declivous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cloy"</hw> (-kloi"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>encloyer</i>, <i>encloer</i>, F. <i>enclouer</i>, to drive in a nail,
fr. L. <i>in</i> + <i>clavus</i> nail.] <def>To fill to satiety; to stuff
full; to clog; to overload; to burden. See <u>Cloy</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*coast"</hw> (-k&omacr;st"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Accost</u>, <u>Coast</u>.] <def>To lie or sail along the coast or side
of; to accost.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whether high towering or <i>accoasting</i> low.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*coil"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>acoillir</i> to
receive, F. <i>accueillir</i>; L. <i>ad</i> + <i>colligere</i> to collect.
See <u>Coil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To gather together; to
collect.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To coil together.</def>  <i>Ham.
Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`co*lade"</hw> (&abreve;k`k&osl;*l&amacr;d" <i>or</i> -l&adot;d";
277), <hpos>n.</hpos> [F. <i>accolade</i>, It. <i>accolata</i>, fr.
<i>accollare</i> to embrace; L. <i>ad</i> + <i>collum</i> neck.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ceremony formerly used in conferring knighthood,
consisting of an embrace, and a slight blow on the shoulders with the flat
blade of a sword.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A brace used to join two or more
staves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com*bi*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ad</i> +
E. <i>combination</i>.] <def>A combining together.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"mo*da*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>accommodable</i>.] <def>That may be accommodated, fitted, or made to
agree.</def> [R.]  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"mo*dable*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being accommodable.</def> [R.]  <i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"mo*date</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Accommodated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Accommodating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>accommodatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>accommodare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>commodare</i> to make fit, help; <i>con-
</i> + <i>modus</i> measure, proportion. See <u>Mode</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render fit, suitable, or correspondent; to
adapt; to conform; as, to <i>accommodate</i> ourselves to
circumstances.</def> "They <i>accommodate</i> their counsels to his
inclination."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring into agreement or harmony; to
reconcile; to compose; to adjust; to settle; as, to <i>accommodate</i>
differences, a dispute, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with something desired, needed, or
convenient; to favor; to oblige; as, to <i>accommodate</i> a friend with a
loan or with lodgings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To show the correspondence of; to apply or make
suit by analogy; to adapt or fit, as teachings to accidental circumstances,
statements to facts, etc.; as, to <i>accommodate</i> prophecy to
events.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To suit; adapt; conform; adjust; arrange.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"mo*date</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To adapt one's
self; to be conformable or adapted.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"mo*date</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>accommodatus</i>, p. p. of <i>accommodare</i>.] <def>Suitable; fit;
adapted; as, means <i>accommodate</i> to end.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"mo*date*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Suitably;
fitly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"mo*date*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fitness.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"mo*da`ting</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affording,
or disposed to afford, accommodation; obliging; as an <i>accommodating</i>
man, spirit, arrangement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com`mo*da"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>accommodatio</i>, fr. <i>accommodare</i>: cf. F.
<i>accommodation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of fitting or adapting, or the state of
being fitted or adapted; adaptation; adjustment; -- followed by
<i>to</i>.</def> "The organization of the body with <i>accommodation</i> to
its functions."  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Willingness to accommodate;
obligingness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Whatever supplies a want or affords ease,
refreshment, or convenience; anything furnished which is desired or
needful; -- often in the plural; as, the <i>accommodations</i> -- that is,
lodgings and food -- at an inn.</def> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An adjustment of differences; state of
agreement; reconciliation; settlement.</def> "To come to terms of
<i>accommodation</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The application of a writer's language, on the
ground of analogy, to something not originally referred to or
intended.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many of those quotations from the Old Testament were
probably intended as nothing more than <i>accommodations</i>.<BR>
<i>Paley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A loan of
money.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An accommodation bill or
note.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Accommodation bill</b></col>, or <col><b>note</b></col>
<i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a bill of exchange which a person accepts, or a note
which a person makes and delivers to another, not upon a consideration
received, but for the purpose of raising money on credit.</cd> --
<col><b>Accommodation coach</b></col>, or <col><b>train</b></col>, <cd>one
running at moderate speed and stopping at all or nearly all stations.</cd>
-- <col><b>Accommodation ladder</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a light
ladder hung over the side of a ship at the gangway, useful in ascending
from, or descending to, small boats.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"mo*da`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>He who, or
that which, accommodates.</def>  <i>Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"pa*na*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sociable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"pa*ni*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>He who, or
that which, accompanies.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"pa*ni*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>accompagnement</i>.] <def>That which accompanies; something that attends
as a circumstance, or which is added to give greater completeness to the
principal thing, or by way of ornament, or for the sake of symmetry.</def>
Specifically: <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A part performed by instruments,
accompanying another part or parts performed by voices; the subordinate
part, or parts, accompanying the voice or a principal instrument; also, the
harmony of a figured bass.</def>  <i>P. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"pa*nist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The performer
in music who takes the accompanying part.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"pa*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Accompanied</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Accompanying</u> (&?;)] [OF. <i>aacompaignier</i>, F.
<i>accompagner</i>, to associate with, fr. OF. <i>compaign</i>,
<i>compain</i>, companion. See <u>Company</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
go with or attend as a companion or associate; to keep company with; to go
along with; -- followed by <i>with</i> or <i>by</i>; as, he
<i>accompanied</i> his speech with a bow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Persian dames, . . . <BR>
In sumptuous cars, <i>accompanied</i> his march.<BR>
<i>Glover.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They are never alone that are <i>accompanied</i> with noble
thoughts.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>accompanied</i> by two carts filled with wounded
rebels.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cohabit with.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To attend; escort; go with.  -- To <u>Accompany</u>,
<u>Attend</u>, <u>Escort</u>. We <i>accompany</i> those with whom we go as
companions. The word imports an <i>equality</i> of station. We
<i>attend</i> those whom we wait upon or follow. The word conveys an idea
of <i>subordination</i>. We <i>escort</i> those whom we attend with a view
to guard and protect. A gentleman <i>accompanies</i> a friend to some
public place; he <i>attends</i> or <i>escorts</i> a lady.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"pa*ny</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To associate in a company; to keep company.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men say that they will drive away one another, . . . and not
<i>accompany</i> together.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cohabit (with).</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To perform an accompanying part or
parts in a composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"ple*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>complere</i>, <i>completum</i>, to fill up.] <def>Tending to
accomplish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"plice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ac- (perh. for the
article a or for L. ad) + E. complice. See <u>Complice</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cooperator.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Success unto our valiant general,<BR>
And happiness to his <i>accomplices</i>!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An associate in the commission of a
crime; a participator in an offense, whether a principal or an
accessory.</def>   "And thou, the cursed <i>accomplice</i> of his treason."
<i>Johnson.</i> It is followed by <i>with</i> or <i>of</i> before a person
and by <i>in</i> (or sometimes <i>of</i>) before the crime; as, A was an
<i>accomplice</i> with B in the murder of C. Dryden uses it with <i>to</i>
before a thing. "Suspected for <i>accomplice</i> to the fire."
<i>Dryden.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abettor; accessory; assistant; associate; confederate;
coadjutor; ally; promoter. See <u>Abettor</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"plice*ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being an accomplice.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir H. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`com*plic"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
state of being an accomplice.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"plish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Accomplished</u> (&?;), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Accomplishing</u>.] [OE. <i>acomplissen</i>, OF. <i>accomplir</i>, F.
<i>accomplir</i>; L. <i>ad</i> + <i>complere</i> to fill up, complete. See
<u>Complete</u>, <u>Finish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To complete, as
time or distance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That He would <i>accomplish</i> seventy years in the
desolations of Jerusalem.<BR>
<i>Dan. ix. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>accomplished</i> half a league or more.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring to an issue of full success; to effect;
to perform; to execute fully; to fulfill; as, to <i>accomplish</i> a
design, an object, a promise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This that is written must yet be <i>accomplished</i> in
me.<BR>
<i>Luke xxii. 37.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To equip or furnish thoroughly; hence, to
complete in acquirements; to render accomplished; to polish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The armorers <i>accomplishing</i> the knights.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It [the moon] is fully <i>accomplished</i> for all those
ends to which Providence did appoint it.<BR>
<i>Wilkins.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>These qualities . . . go to <i>accomplish</i> a perfect
woman.<BR>
<i>Cowden Clarke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To gain; to obtain.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To do; perform; fulfill; realize; effect; effectuate;
complete; consummate; execute; achieve; perfect; equip; furnish. -- To
<u>Accomplish</u>, <u>Effect</u>, <u>Execute</u>, <u>Achieve</u>,
<u>Perform</u>. These words agree in the general idea of carrying out to
some end proposed. To <i>accomplish</i> (to fill up to the measure of the
intention) generally implies perseverance and skill; as, to
<i>accomplish</i> a plan proposed by one's self, an object, a design, an
undertaking. "Thou shalt <i>accomplish</i> my desire."  <i>1 Kings v.
9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . expressed his desire to see a union
<i>accomplished</i> between England and Scotland.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>To <i>effect</i> (to work out) is much like <i>accomplish</i>. It
usually implies some degree of difficulty contended with; as, he
<i>effected</i> or <i>accomplished</i> what he intended, his purpose, but
little. "What he decreed, he <i>effected</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To work in close design by fraud or guile<BR>
What force <i>effected</i> not.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>To <i>execute</i> (to follow out to the end, to carry out, or into
effect) implies a set mode of operation; as, to <i>execute</i> the laws or
the orders of another; to <i>execute</i> a work, a purpose, design, plan,
project. To <i>perform</i> is much like to <i>do</i>, though less generally
applied. It conveys a notion of protracted and methodical effort; as, to
<i>perform</i> a mission, a part, a task, a work. "Thou canst best
<i>perform</i> that office."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Saints, like stars, around his seat<BR>
<i>Perform</i> their courses still.<BR>
<i>Keble.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>To <i>achieve</i> (to come to the end or arrive at one's purpose)
usually implies some enterprise or undertaking of importance, difficulty,
and excellence.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"plish*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being accomplished; practicable.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"plished</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Completed; effected; established; as, an <i>accomplished</i>
fact.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Complete in acquirements as the result usually
of training; -- commonly in a good sense; as, an <i>accomplished</i>
scholar, an <i>accomplished</i> villain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . show themselves <i>accomplished</i> bees.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Daughter of God and man, <i>accomplished</i> Eve.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"plish*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
accomplishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*com"plish*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>accomplissement</i>, fr. <i>accomplir</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of accomplishing; entire performance; completion; fulfillment; as, the
<i>accomplishment</i> of an enterprise, of a prophecy, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which completes, perfects, or equips
thoroughly; acquirement; attainment; that which constitutes excellence of
mind, or elegance of manners, acquired by education or training.</def>
"My new <i>accomplishment</i> of dancing." <i>Churchill.</i>
"<i>Accomplishments</i> befitting a station." <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Accomplishments</i> have taken virtue's place,<BR>
And wisdom falls before exterior grace.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*compt"</hw> (#; <i>formerly</i> #), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Account</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Accompt</i>, <i>accomptant</i>, etc., are archaic forms.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*compt"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Accountable</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*compt"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Accountant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cord"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>acord</i>,
<i>accord</i>, OF. <i>acort</i>, <i>acorde</i>, F. <i>accord</i>, fr. OF.
<i>acorder</i>, F. <i>accorder</i>. See <u>Accord</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Agreement or concurrence of opinion,
will, or action; harmony of mind; consent; assent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mediator of an <i>accord</i> and peace between them.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>These all continued with one <i>accord</i> in prayer.<BR>
<i>Acts i. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Harmony of sounds; agreement in pitch and tone;
concord; as, the <i>accord</i> of tones.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those sweet <i>accords</i> are even the angels' lays.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Agreement, harmony, or just correspondence of
things; as, the <i>accord</i> of light and shade in painting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Voluntary or spontaneous motion or impulse to
act; -- preceded by <i>own</i>; as, of one's own <i>accord</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which groweth of its own <i>accord</i> of thy harvest
thou shalt not reap.<BR>
<i>Lev. xxv. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Of his own <i>accord</i> he went unto you.<BR>
<i>2 Cor. vii. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An agreement between parties in
controversy, by which satisfaction for an injury is stipulated, and which,
when executed, bars a suit.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>With one accord</b></col>, <cd>with unanimity.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>They rushed <i>with one accord</i> into the theater.<BR>
<i>Acts xix. 29.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cord"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Accorded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>According</u>.] [OE. <i>acorden</i>, <i>accorden</i>, OF.
<i>acorder</i>, F. <i>accorder</i>, fr. LL. <i>accordare</i>; L. <i>ad</i>
+ <i>cor</i>, <i>cordis</i>, heart. Cf. <u>Concord</u>, <u>Discord</u>, and
see <u>Heart</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make to agree or correspond;
to suit one thing to another; to adjust; -- followed by <i>to</i>.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her hands <i>accorded</i> the lute's music to the voice.<BR>
<i>Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring to an agreement, as persons; to
reconcile; to settle, adjust, harmonize, or compose, as things; as, to
<i>accord</i> suits or controversies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When they were <i>accorded</i> from the fray.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>All which particulars, being confessedly knotty and
difficult can never be <i>accorded</i> but by a competent stock of critical
learning.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To grant as suitable or proper; to concede; to
award; as, to <i>accord</i> to one due praise.</def> "<i>According</i> his
desire."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cord"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
agree; to correspond; to be in harmony; -- followed by <i>with</i>,
formerly also by <i>to</i>; as, his disposition <i>accords</i> with his
looks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My heart <i>accordeth</i> with my tongue.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy actions to thy words <i>accord</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To agree in pitch and tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cord"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>acordable</i>, F. <i>accordable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Agreeing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reconcilable; in accordance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cord"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>acordance</i>.] <def>Agreement; harmony; conformity.</def> "In strict
<i>accordance</i> with the law."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Harmony; unison; coincidence.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cord"an*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Accordance.</def> [R.]  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cord"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>acordant</i>,
F. <i>accordant</i>.] <def>Agreeing; consonant; harmonious; corresponding;
conformable; -- followed by <i>with</i> or <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strictly <i>accordant</i> with true morality.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And now his voice <i>accordant</i> to the string.<BR>
<i>Coldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cord"ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In accordance or
agreement; agreeably; conformably; -- followed by <i>with</i> or
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cord"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who accords,
assents, or concedes.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cord"ing</hw>, <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Agreeing; in
agreement or harmony; harmonious.</def>   "This <i>according</i> voice of
national wisdom." <i>Burke.</i> "Mind and soul <i>according</i> well."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>According to</i> him, every person was to be bought.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Our zeal should be <i>according to</i> knowledge.<BR>
<i>Sprat.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>According to</i> has been called a prepositional phrase, but
strictly speaking, <i>according</i> is a participle in the sense of
<i>agreeing</i>, <i>acceding</i>, and <i>to</i> alone is the
preposition.</p>

<p><col><b>According as</b></col>, <cd>precisely as; the same as;
corresponding to the way in which. <i>According as</i> is an adverbial
phrase, of which the propriety has been doubted; but good usage sanctions
it. See <u>According</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Is all things well,<BR>
<i>According as</i> I gave directions?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The land which the Lord will give you <i>according as</i> he
hath promised.<BR>
<i>Ex. xii. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 13 !></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cord"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Accordingly;
correspondingly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cord"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Agreeably; correspondingly; suitably; in a manner
conformable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, and so proceed <i>accordingly</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In natural sequence; consequently; so.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Consequently; therefore; wherefore; hence; so.  --
<u>Accordingly</u>, <u>Consequently</u>, indicate a connection between two
things, the latter of which is done on account of the former.
<i>Accordingly</i> marks the connection as one of simple accordance or
congruity, leading naturally to the result which followed; as, he was
absent when I called, and I <i>accordingly</i> left my card; our
preparations were all finished, and we <i>accordingly</i> set sail.
<i>Consequently</i> all finished, and we <i>accordingly</i> set sail.
<i>Consequently</i> marks a closer connection, that of logical or causal
sequence; as, the papers were not ready, and <i>consequently</i> could not
be signed.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cor"di*on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Accord</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small, portable, keyed wind instrument, whose tones
are generated by play of the wind upon free metallic reeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cor"di*on*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A player on the
accordion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cord"ment</hw> (&abreve;k*k&ocirc;rd"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>acordement</i>. See <u>Accord</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Agreement; reconcilement.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cor"po*rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>accorporare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>corpus</i>, <i>corporis</i>, body.]
<def>To unite; to attach; to incorporate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cost"</hw> (#; 115), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Accosted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Accosting</u>.] [F. <i>accoster</i>, LL. <i>accostare</i> to bring side
by side; L. <i>ad</i> + <i>costa</i> rib, side. See <u>Coast</u>, and cf.
<u>Accoast</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To join side to side; to border;
hence, to sail along the coast or side of.</def> [Obs.] "So much [of
Lapland] as <i>accosts</i> the sea."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To approach; to make up to.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To speak to first; to address; to greet.</def>
"Him, Satan thus <i>accosts</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cost"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To adjoin; to lie
alongside.</def> [Obs.] "The shores which to the sea <i>accost</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cost"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Address; greeting.</def>
[R.]  <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cost"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>accostable</i>.] <def>Approachable; affable.</def> [R.]
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cost"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Supported
on both sides by other charges; also, side by side.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac*couche"ment</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>accoucher</i> to be delivered of a child, to aid in delivery, OF.
<i>acouchier</i> orig. to lay down, put to bed, go to bed; L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>collocare</i> to lay, put, place. See <u>Collate</u>.] <def>Delivery in
childbed</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac*cou*cheur"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>accoucher</i>. See <u>Accouchement</u>.] <def>A man who assists women in
childbirth; a man midwife; an obstetrician.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac*cou*cheuse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.., fem. of
<i>accoucher</i>.] <def>A midwife.</def> [Recent]  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*count"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>acount</i>,
<i>account</i>, <i>accompt</i>, OF. <i>acont</i>, fr. <i>aconter</i>. See
<u>Account</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Count</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A reckoning; computation;
calculation; enumeration; a record of some reckoning; as, the Julian
<i>account</i> of time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A beggarly <i>account</i> of empty boxes.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A registry of pecuniary transactions; a written
or printed statement of business dealings or debts and credits, and also of
other things subjected to a reckoning or review; as, to keep one's
<i>account</i> at the bank.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A statement in general of reasons, causes,
grounds, etc., explanatory of some event; as, no satisfactory
<i>account</i> has been given of these phenomena. Hence, the word is often
used simply for <i>reason</i>, <i>ground</i>, <i>consideration</i>,
<i>motive</i>, etc.; as, on no <i>account</i>, on every <i>account</i>, on
all <i>accounts</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A statement of facts or occurrences; recital of
transactions; a relation or narrative; a report; a description; as, an
<i>account</i> of a battle.</def> "A laudable <i>account</i> of the city of
London."  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A statement and explanation or vindication of
one's conduct with reference to judgment thereon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give an <i>account</i> of thy stewardship.<BR>
<i>Luke xvi. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An estimate or estimation; valuation;
judgment.</def> "To stand high in your <i>account</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Importance; worth; value; advantage;
profit.</def>   "Men of <i>account</i>." <i>Pope.</i> "To turn to
<i>account</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Account current</b></col>, <cd>a running or continued account
between two or more parties, or a statement of the particulars of such an
account.</cd> -- <col><b>In account with</b></col>, <cd>in a relation
requiring an account to be kept.</cd> -- <col><b>On account of</b></col>,
<cd>for the sake of; by reason of; because of.</cd> -- <col><b>On one's own
account</b></col>, <cd>for one's own interest or behalf.</cd> -- <col><b>To
make account</b></col>, <cd>to have an opinion or expectation; to
reckon.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This other part . . . <i>makes account</i> to find no
slender arguments for this assertion out of those very scriptures which are
commonly urged against it.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To make account of</b></col>, <cd>to hold in estimation; to
esteem; as, he <i>makes</i> small <i>account of</i> beauty.</cd> --
<col><b>To take account of</b></col>, or <col><b>to take into
account</b></col>, <cd>to take into consideration; to notice.</cd>
"<i>Of</i> their doings, God <i>takes</i> no <i>account</i>."
<i>Milton</i>. -- <col><b>A writ of account</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
writ which the plaintiff brings demanding that the defendant shall render
his just account, or show good cause to the contrary; -- called also an
<i>action of account</i>.</cd>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Narrative; narration; relation; recital; description;
explanation; rehearsal.  -- <u>Account</u>, <u>Narrative</u>,
<u>Narration</u>, <u>Recital</u>. These words are applied to different
modes of rehearsing a series of events. <i>Account</i> turns attention not
so much to the speaker as to the fact related, and more properly applies to
the report of some single event, or a group of incidents taken as whole;
as, an <i>account</i> of a battle, of a shipwreck, etc. A <i>narrative</i>
is a continuous story of connected incidents, such as one friend might tell
to another; as, a <i>narrative</i> of the events of a siege, a
<i>narrative</i> of one's life, etc. <i>Narration</i> is usually the same
as <i>narrative</i>, but is sometimes used to describe the <i>mode</i> of
relating events; as, his powers of <i>narration</i> are uncommonly great.
<i>Recital</i> denotes a series of events drawn out into minute
particulars, usually expressing something which peculiarly interests the
feelings of the speaker; as, the <i>recital</i> of one's wrongs,
disappointments, sufferings, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*count"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Accounted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Accounting</u>.] [OE. <i>acounten</i>, <i>accompten</i>, OF.
<i>aconter</i>, <i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>conter</i> to count.
F. <i>conter</i> to tell, <i>compter</i> to count, L. <i>computare</i>. See
<u>Count</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reckon; to compute; to count.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The motion of . . . the sun whereby years are
<i>accounted</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place to one's account; to put to the credit
of; to assign; -- with <i>to</i>.</def> [R.]  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To value, estimate, or hold in opinion; to judge
or consider; to deem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Accounting</i> that God was able to raise him up.<BR>
<i>Heb. xi. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To recount; to relate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*count"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
render or receive an account or relation of particulars; as, an officer
must <i>account</i> with or to the treasurer for money received.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render an account; to answer in judgment; --
with <i>for</i>; as, we must <i>account</i> for the use of our
opportunities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give a satisfactory reason; to tell the cause
of; to explain; -- with <i>for</i>; as, idleness <i>accounts</i> for
poverty.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To account of</b></col>, <cd>to esteem; to prize; to value. Now
used only in the passive.</cd> "I <i>account of</i> her beauty."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Newer was preaching more <i>accounted of</i> than in the
sixteenth century.<BR>
<i>Canon Robinson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*count`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being accountable; liability to be called on to render an account;
accountableness.</def> "The awful idea of <i>accountability</i>."  <i>R.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*count"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Liable to be called on to render an account; answerable; as, every man
is <i>accountable</i> to God for his conduct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being accounted for;
explicable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>True religion . . . intelligible, rational, and
<i>accountable</i>, -- not a burden but a privilege.<BR>
<i>B. Whichcote.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Amenable; responsible; liable; answerable.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*count"a*ble ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being accountable; accountability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*count"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an accountable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*count"an*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
employment of an accountant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*count"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>accomptant</i>, OF. <i>acontant</i>, p. pr.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who renders account; one accountable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reckoner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who is skilled in, keeps, or adjusts,
accounts; an officer in a public office, who has charge of the
accounts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Accountatn general</b></col>, <cd>the head or superintending
accountant in certain public offices. Also, formerly, an officer in the
English court of chancery who received the moneys paid into the court, and
deposited them in the Bank of England.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ac*count"ant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accountable.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*count"ant*ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Accountant</i> + <i>-ship</i>.] <def>The office or employment of an
accountant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*count" book`</hw> (&?;). <def>A book in which accounts are
kept.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cou"ple</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>acopler</i>,
F. <i>accoupler</i>. See <u>Couple</u>.] <def>To join; to couple.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Englishmen <i>accoupled</i> themselves with the
Frenchmen.<BR>
<i>Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cou"ple*ment</hw> (-k&ubreve;p"'l*m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>accouplement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of coupling, or the state of being coupled; union.</def> [R.]
<i>Caxton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which couples, as a tie or brace.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cour"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>acoragier</i>; <i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>corage</i>. See
<u>Courage</u>.] <def>To encourage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*court"</hw> (-k&omacr;rt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Ac-</i>,
for L. <u>ad</u>. See <u>Court</u>.] <def>To treat courteously; to
court.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ac*cou"ter</hw>, <hw>Ac*cou"tre</hw>  }
(&abreve;k*k&oomac;"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Accoutered</u> or <u>Accoutred</u> (-t&etilde;rd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Accoutering</u> or <u>Accoutring</u>.]
[F. <i>accouter</i>, OF. <i>accoutrer</i>, <i>accoustrer</i>;
<i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + perh. LL. <i>custor</i>, for <i>custos</i>
guardian, sacristan (cf. <u>Custody</u>), or perh. akin to E.
<i>guilt</i>.] <def>To furnish with dress, or equipments, esp. those for
military service; to equip; to attire; to array.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both <i>accoutered</i> like young men.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>For this, in rags <i>accoutered</i> are they seen.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Accoutered</i> with his burden and his staff.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ac*cou"ter*ments</hw>, <hw>Ac*cou"tre*ments</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F. <i>accoutrement</i>, earlier also
<i>accoustrement</i>, earlier also <i>accoustrement</i>. See
<u>Accouter</u>.] <def>Dress; trappings; equipment; specifically, the
devices and equipments worn by soldiers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How gay with all the <i>accouterments</i> of war!<BR>
<i>A. Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*coy"</hw> (&abreve;k*koi"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>acoyer</i>; <i>ac-</i>, for L. <i>ad</i>. See <u>Coy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render quiet; to soothe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subdue; to tame; to daunt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then is your careless courage <i>accoyed</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cred"it</hw> (&abreve;k*kr&ebreve;d"&ibreve;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Accredited</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Accrediting</u>.] [F. <i>accr&eacute;diter</i>;
<i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>cr&eacute;dit</i> credit. See
<u>Credit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put or bring into credit; to
invest with credit or authority; to sanction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His censure will . . . <i>accredit</i> his praises.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>These reasons . . . which <i>accredit</i> and fortify mine
opinion.<BR>
<i>Shelton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send with letters credential, as an
ambassador, envoy, or diplomatic agent; to authorize, as a messenger or
delegate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beton . . . was <i>accredited</i> to the Court of
France.<BR>
<i>Froude.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To believe; to credit; to put trust
in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The version of early Roman history which was
<i>accredited</i> in the fifth century.<BR>
<i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>accredited</i> and repeated stories of apparitions and
witchcraft.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To credit; to vouch for or consider (some one)
as doing something, or (something) as belonging to some one.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To accredit</b></col> (one) <col><b>with</b></col> (something),
<cd>to attribute something to him; as, Mr. Clay was <i>accredited with</i>
these views; they <i>accredit</i> him <i>with</i> a wise saying.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cred`i*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
accrediting; as, letters of <i>accreditation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`cre*men*ti"tial</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to accremention.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`cre*men*ti"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Accresce</u>, <u>Increment</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The process of
generation by development of blastema, or fission of cells, in which the
new formation is in all respect like the individual from which it
proceeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cresce"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>accrescere</i>. See <u>Accrue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
accrue.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To increase; to grow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gillespie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cres"cence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>accrescentia</i>.] <def>Continuous growth; an accretion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The silent <i>accrescence</i> of belief from the unwatched
depositions of a general, never contradicted hearsy.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cres"cent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>accrescens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>accrescere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>crescere</i> to
grow. See <u>Crescent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Growing; increasing.</def>
<i>Shuckford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing larger after
flowering.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*crete"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>accretus</i>, p. p. of <i>accrescere</i> to increase.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grow together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adhere; to grow (to); to be added; -- with
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*crete"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make adhere; to
add.</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*crete"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Characterized by accretion; made up; as, <i>accrete</i>
matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Grown together.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cre"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>accretio</i>,
fr. <i>accrescere</i> to increase. Cf. <u>Crescent</u>, <u>Increase</u>,
<u>Accrue</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of increasing by natural growth; esp.
the increase of organic bodies by the internal accession of parts; organic
growth.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of increasing, or the matter added, by
an accession of parts externally; an extraneous addition; as, an
<i>accretion</i> of earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mineral . . . augments not by grown, but by
<i>accretion</i>.<BR>
<i>Owen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To strip off all the subordinate parts of his as a later
<i>accretion</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Concretion; coherence of separate particles; as,
the <i>accretion</i> of particles so as to form a solid mass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A growing together of parts naturally separate,
as of the fingers toes.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The adhering of
property to something else, by which the owner of one thing becomes
possessed of a right to another; generally, gain of land by the washing up
of sand or sail from the sea or a river, or by a gradual recession of the
water from the usual watermark.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Gain to an
heir or legatee, failure of a coheir to the same succession, or a co-
legatee of the same thing, to take his share.</def>  <i>Wharton.
Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cre"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
accretion; increasing, or adding to, by growth.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*crim"i*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>ac-</i>
(for <i>ad</i> to) + <i>criminari</i>.] <def>To accuse of a crime.</def>
[Obs.] -- <wf>Ac*crim`i*na"tion</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*croach"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>acrochen</i>,
<i>accrochen</i>, to obtain, OF. <i>acrochier</i>, F. <i>accrocher</i>;
<i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>croc</i> hook (E. <i>crook</i>).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hook, or draw to one's self as with a
hook.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To usurp, as jurisdiction or royal
prerogatives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They had attempted to <i>accroach</i> to themselves royal
power.<BR>
<i>Stubbs.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*croach"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>accrochement</i>.] <def>An encroachment; usurpation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cru"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Accrument.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*crue"</hw> (&abreve;k*kr&udd;"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Accrued</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Accruing</u>.] [See <u>Accrue</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<i>and cf</i>. <u>Accresce</u>, <u>Accrete</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
increase; to augment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And though power failed, her courage did <i>accrue</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come to by way of increase; to arise or
spring as a growth or result; to be added as increase, profit, or damage,
especially as the produce of money lent.</def> "Interest <i>accrues</i> to
principal."  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The great and essential advantages <i>accruing</i> to
society from the freedom of the press.<BR>
<i>Junius.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*crue"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>accr&ucirc;</i>, OF.
<i>acre&uuml;</i>, p. p. of <i>accroitre</i>, OF. <i>acroistre</i> to
increase; L. <i>ad</i> + <i>crescere</i> to increase. Cf. <u>Accretion</u>,
<u>Crew</u>. See <u>Crescent</u>.] <def>Something that accrues; advantage
accruing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cru"er</hw> (&abreve;k*kr&udd;"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of accruing; accretion; as, title by
<i>accruer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cru"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
process of accruing, or that which has accrued; increase.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`cu*ba"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>accubatio</i>,
for <i>accubitio</i>, fr. <i>accubare</i> to recline; <i>ad</i> +
<i>cubare</i> to lie down. See <u>Accumb</u>.] <def>The act or posture of
reclining on a couch, as practiced by the ancients at meals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cumb"</hw> (&abreve;k*k&ubreve;mb"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>accumbere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>cumbere</i> (only in compounds) to lie
down.] <def>To recline, as at table.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cum"ben*cy</hw> (&abreve;k*k&ubreve;m"b<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being accumbent or reclining.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cum"bent</hw> (-b<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Leaning or reclining, as the ancients did at their
meals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Roman . . . <i>accumbent</i> posture in eating.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Lying against anything, as one
part of a leaf against another leaf.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Accumbent</i> cotyledons have their edges placed against
the caulicle.<BR>
<i>Eaton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cum"bent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who reclines at
table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cum"ber</hw> (-b&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
encumber.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cu"mu*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Accumulated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Accumulating</u>.] [L. <i>accumulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>accumulare</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>cumulare</i> to heap. See <u>Cumulate</u>.] <def>To heap up
in a mass; to pile up; to collect or bring together; to amass; as, to
<i>accumulate</i> a sum of money.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To collect; pile up; store; amass; gather; aggregate;
heap together; hoard.</p>

<p><! p. 14  !></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cu"mu*late</hw> (&abreve;k*k&umacr;"m&usl;*l&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To grow or increase in quantity or number; to increase
greatly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a prey,<BR>
Where wealth <i>accumulates</i>, and men decay.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cu"mu*late</hw> (-l&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>accumulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>accumulare</i>.] <def>Collected;
accumulated.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cu`mu*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>accumulatio</i>; cf. F. <i>accumulation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of accumulating, the state of being accumulated, or that which
is accumulated; as, an <i>accumulation</i> of earth, of sand, of evils, of
wealth, of honors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The concurrence of several titles
to the same proof.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Accumulation of energy</b></col> or <col><b>power</b></col>,
<cd>the storing of energy by means of weights lifted or masses put in
motion; electricity stored.</cd> -- <col><b>An accumulation of
degrees</b></col> <i>(Eng. Univ.)</i>, <cd>the taking of several together,
or at smaller intervals than usual or than is allowed by the
rules.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cu"mu*la*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized
by accumulation; serving to collect or amass; cumulative; additional.</def>
-- <wf>Ac*cu"mu*la*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ac*cu"mu*la*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cu"mu*la`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, accumulates, collects, or
amasses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>An apparatus by means of which
energy or power can be stored, such as the cylinder or tank for storing
water for hydraulic elevators, the secondary or storage battery used for
accumulating the energy of electrical charges, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A system of elastic springs for relieving the
strain upon a rope, as in deep-sea dredging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"cu*ra*cy</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Accurate</u>.] <def>The state of being accurate; freedom from mistakes,
this exemption arising from carefulness; exact conformity to truth, or to a
rule or model; precision; exactness; nicety; correctness; as, the value of
testimony depends on its <i>accuracy</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The professed end [of logic] is to teach men to think, to
judge, and to reason, with precision and <i>accuracy</i>.<BR>
<i>Reid.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>accuracy</i> with which the piston fits the
sides.<BR>
<i>Lardner.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac"cu*rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>accuratus</i>, p.
p. and a., fr. <i>accurare</i> to take care of; <i>ad</i> + <i>curare</i>
to take care, <i>cura</i> care. See <u>Cure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In exact or careful conformity to truth, or to some standard of
requirement, the result of care or pains; free from failure, error, or
defect; exact; as, an <i>accurate</i> calculator; an <i>accurate</i>
measure; <i>accurate</i> expression, knowledge, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Precisely fixed; executed with care;
careful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those conceive the celestial bodies have more
<i>accurate</i> influences upon these things below.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Correct; exact; just; nice; particular.  --
<u>Accurate</u>, <u>Correct</u>, <u>Exact</u>, <u>Precise</u>. We speak of
a thing as <i>correct</i> with reference to some rule or standard of
comparison; as, a <i>correct</i> account, a <i>correct</i> likeness, a man
of <i>correct</i> deportment. We speak of a thing as <i>accurate</i> with
reference to the care bestowed upon its execution, and the increased
correctness to be expected therefrom; as, an <i>accurate</i> statement, an
<i>accurate</i> detail of particulars. We speak of a thing as <i>exact</i>
with reference to that perfected state of a thing in which there is no
defect and no redundance; as, an <i>exact</i> coincidence, the <i>exact</i>
truth, an <i>exact</i> likeness. We speak of a thing as <i>precise</i> when
we think of it as strictly conformed to some rule or model, as if <i>cut
down</i> thereto; as a <i>precise</i> conformity instructions;
<i>precisely</i> right; he was very <i>precise</i> in giving his
directions.</p>

<p><hw>Ac"cu*rate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an accurate
manner; exactly; precisely; without error or defect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"cu*rate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being accurate; accuracy; exactness; nicety; precision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*curse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>acursien</i>,
<i>acorsien</i>; pref. <i>a</i> + <i>cursien</i> to curse. See
<u>Curse</u>.] <def>To devote to destruction; to imprecate misery or evil
upon; to curse; to execrate; to anathematize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the city shall be <i>accursed</i>.<BR>
<i>Josh. vi. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Thro' you, my life will be <i>accurst</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ac*cursed"</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ac*curst"</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>p. p. &
a.</i></pos> <def>Doomed to destruction or misery; cursed; hence, bad
enough to be under the curse; execrable; detestable; exceedingly hateful; -
- as, an <i>accursed</i> deed.</def> <i>Shak.</i> --
<wf>Ac*curs"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ac*curs"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>accusabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>accusable</i>.] <def>Liable to be accused or
censured; chargeable with a crime or fault; blamable; -- with
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Accusation.</def>
[R.]  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>accusans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>accusare</i>: cf. F. <i>accusant</i>.] <def>An accuser.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`cu*sa"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>acusation</i>, F. <i>accusation</i>, L. <i>accusatio</i>, fr.
<i>accusare</i>. See <u>Accuse</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of accusing or charging with a crime or
with a lighter offense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We come not by the way of <i>accusation</i><BR>
To taint that honor every good tongue blesses.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That of which one is accused; the charge of an
offense or crime, or the declaration containing the charge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] set up over his head his <i>accusation</i>.<BR>
<i>Matt. xxvii. 37.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impeachment; crimination; censure; charge.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cu`sa*ti"val</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the accusative case.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cu"sa*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>accusatif</i>,
L. <i>accusativus</i> (in sense 2), fr. <i>accusare</i>. See
<u>Accuse</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Producing accusations; accusatory.</def> "This
hath been a very <i>accusative</i> age."  <i>Sir E. Dering.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Applied to the case (as the
fourth case of Latin and Greek nouns) which expresses the immediate object
on which the action or influence of a transitive verb terminates, or the
immediate object of motion or tendency to, expressed by a preposition. It
corresponds to the objective case in English.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cu"sa*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The
accusative case.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cu"sa*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In an accusative manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In relation to the accusative case in
grammar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cu`sa*to"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Accusatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cu`sa*to"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way
accusation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cu"sa*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>accusatorius</i>, fr. <i>accusare</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or
containing, an accusation; as, an <i>accusatory</i> libel.</def>
<i>Grote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cuse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Accusation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cuse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Accused</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Accusing</u>.] [OF. <i>acuser</i>, F. <i>accuser</i>, L.
<i>accusare</i>, to call to account, accuse; <i>ad</i> + <i>causa</i>
cause, lawsuit. Cf. <u>Cause</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To charge with,
or declare to have committed, a crime or offense</def>; <i>(Law)</i>
<def>to charge with an offense, judicially or by a public process; -- with
<i>of</i>; as, to <i>accuse</i> one of a high crime or
misdemeanor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither can they prove the things whereof they now
<i>accuse</i> me.<BR>
<i>Acts xxiv. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We are <i>accused of</i> having persuaded Austria and
Sardinia to lay down their arms.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To charge with a fault; to blame; to
censure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their thoughts the meanwhile <i>accusing</i> or else
excusing one another.<BR>
<i>Rom. ii. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To betray; to show.</def> [L.] <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To charge; blame; censure; reproach; criminate; indict;
impeach; arraign.  -- To <u>Accuse</u>, <u>Charge</u>, <u>Impeach</u>,
<u>Arraign</u>. These words agree in bringing home to a person the
imputation of wrongdoing. To <i>accuse</i> is a somewhat formal act, and is
applied usually (though not exclusively) to crimes; as, to <i>accuse</i> of
treason.  <i>Charge</i> is the most generic. It may refer to a crime, a
dereliction of duty, a fault, etc.; more commonly it refers to moral
delinquencies; as, to <i>charge</i> with dishonesty or falsehood. To
<i>arraign</i> is to bring (a person) before a tribunal for trial; as, to
<i>arraign</i> one before a court or at the bar public opinion. To
<i>impeach</i> is officially to charge with misbehavior in office; as, to
<i>impeach</i> a minister of high crimes. Both <i>impeach</i> and
<i>arraign</i> convey the idea of peculiar dignity or impressiveness.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cused"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Charged with
offense; as, an <i>accused</i> person.</def></p>

<p>Commonly used substantively; as, the <i>accused</i>, one charged with an
offense; the defendant in a criminal case.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cuse"ment</hw> (-k&umacr;z"m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>acusement</i>. See <u>Accuse</u>.] <def>Accusation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>acuser</i>,
<i>accusour</i>; cf. OF. <i>acuseor</i>, fr. L. <i>accusator</i>, fr.
<i>accusare</i>.] <def>One who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or
fault.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an accusing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"tom</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Accustomed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Accustoming</u>.] [OF. <i>acostumer</i>, <i>acustumer</i>, F.
<i>accoutumer</i>; <i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + OF. <i>costume</i>, F.
<i>coutume</i>, custom. See <u>Custom</u>.] <def>To make familiar by use;
to habituate, familiarize, or inure; -- with <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall always fear that he who <i>accustoms</i> himself to
fraud in little things, wants only opportunity to practice it in
greater.<BR>
<i>Adventurer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To habituate; inure; exercise; train.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"tom</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be wont.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cohabit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We with the best men <i>accustom</i> openly; you with the
basest commit private adulteries.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"tom</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Custom.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"tom*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Habitual;
customary; wonted.</def> "<i>Accustomable</i> goodness."
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"tom*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According to
custom; ordinarily; customarily.</def>  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"tom*ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>accoustumance</i>, F. <i>accoutumance</i>.] <def>Custom; habitual
use.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"tom*a*ri*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Customarily.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"tom*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Usual;
customary.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Featley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"tomed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Familiar through use; usual; customary.</def> "An <i>accustomed</i>
action."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Frequented by customers.</def> [Obs.] "A well
<i>accustomed</i> shop."  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*cus"tomed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Habituation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Accustomedness</i> to sin hardens the heart.<BR>
<i>Bp. Pearce.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ace</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aces</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>as</i>, F. <i>as</i>, fr. L.
<i>as</i>, <i>assis</i>, unity, copper coin, the unit of coinage. Cf.
<u>As</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A unit; a single point or spot on a card or die;
the card or die so marked; as, the <i>ace</i> of diamonds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A very small quantity or degree; a
particle; an atom; a jot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll not wag an <i>ace</i> further.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To bate an ace</b></col>, <cd>to make the least abatement.
[Obs.]</cd> -- <col><b>Within an ace of</b></col>, <cd>very near; on the
point of.</cd>  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cel"da*ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. Syr.
<i>&omacr;k&emacr;l dam&omacr;</i> the field of blood.] <def>The potter's
field, said to have lain south of Jerusalem, purchased with the bribe which
Judas took for betraying his Master, and therefore called <i>the field of
blood</i>. Fig.: A field of bloodshed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The system of warfare . . . which had already converted
immense tracts into one universal <i>aceldama</i>.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*cen"tric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv.
+ &?; a point, a center.] <def>Not centered; without a center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"e*phal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; head: cf. F. <i>ac&eacute;phale</i>, LL. <i>acephalus</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Acephala.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*ceph"a*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, adj. neut. pl., headless. See <u>Acephal</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>That division of the Mollusca which includes the bivalve shells, like
the clams and oysters; -- so called because they have no evident head.
Formerly the group included the Tunicata, Brachiopoda, and sometimes the
Bryozoa. See <u>Mollusca</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ceph"a*lan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Acephal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ceph"a*lan</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Belonging to the Acephala.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*ceph"a*li</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [LL., pl. of
<i>acephalus</i>. See <u>Acephal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fabulous
people reported by ancient writers to have heads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
Christian sect without a leader.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Bishops and
certain clergymen not under regular diocesan control.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A class of levelers in the time of K. Henry
I.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ceph"a*list</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
acknowledges no head or superior.</def>  <i>Dr. Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ceph"a*lo*cyst</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ake`falos</grk> without a head + <grk>ky`stis</grk> bladder.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A larval entozo&ouml;n in the form of a
subglobular or oval vesicle, or hydatid, filled with fluid, sometimes found
in the tissues of man and the lower animals; -- so called from the absence
of a head or visible organs on the vesicle. These cysts are the immature
stages of certain tapeworms. Also applied to similar cysts of different
origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ceph`a*lo*cys"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or resembling, the acephalocysts.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ceph"a*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Acephal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Headless.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Without a distinct head; --
a term applied to bivalve mollusks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the style spring from the
base, instead of from the apex, as is the case in certain
ovaries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Without a leader or chief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Wanting the beginning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A false or <i>acephalous</i> structure of sentence.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Deficient and the beginning, as a
line of poetry.</def>  <i>Brande.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"er*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Aceric</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combination of aceric acid with a salifiable
base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"er*ate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acerose; needle-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cerb"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acerbus</i>, fr.
<i>acer</i> sharp: cf. F. <i>acerbe</i>. See <u>Acrid</u>.] <def>Sour,
bitter, and harsh to the taste, as unripe fruit; sharp and harsh.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cerb"ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>acerbatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>acerbare</i>, fr. <i>acerbus</i>.] <def>To sour; to imbitter;
to irritate.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cerb"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sour or
severe.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cerb"i*tude</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>acerbitudo</i>, fr. <i>acerbus</i>.] <def>Sourness and harshness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cerb"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>acerbit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>acerbitas</i>, fr. <i>acerbus</i>. See
<u>Acerb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sourness of taste, with bitterness
and astringency, like that of unripe fruit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Harshness, bitterness, or severity; as,
<i>acerbity</i> of temper, of language, of pain.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cer"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acer</i> maple.]
<def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, the maple; as, <i>aceric</i>
acid.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"er*ose`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [(a) L. <i>acerosus</i>
chaffy, fr. <i>acus</i>, gen. <i>aceris</i>, chaff; (b) as if fr. L.
<i>acus</i> needle: cf. F. <i>ac&eacute;reux</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having the nature of chaff; chaffy.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Needle-shaped, having a sharp, rigid point, as the
leaf of the pine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Acerose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"er*ous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &alpha; priv. +
<grk>ke`ras</grk> a horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Destitute of tentacles, as certain mollusks.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Without antenn&aelig;, as some insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cer"val</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acervalis</i>, fr.
<i>acervus</i> heap.] <def>Pertaining to a heap.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*cer"vate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>acervatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>acervare</i> to heap up, fr. <i>acervus</i> heap.] <def>To heap
up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*cer"vate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heaped, or growing
in heaps, or closely compacted clusters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`er*va"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>acervatio</i>.] <def>A heaping up; accumulation.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cer"va*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heaped up;
tending to heap up.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cer"vose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
heaps.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cer"vu*line</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
little heaps.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*ces"cence</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*ces"cen*cy</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>acescence</i>. See <u>Acescent</u>.]
<def>The quality of being acescent; the process of acetous fermentation; a
moderate degree of sourness.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ces"cent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acescens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>acescere</i> to turn sour; inchoative of
<i>acere</i> to be sour: cf. F. <i>acescent</i>. See <u>Acid</u>.]
<def>Turning sour; readily becoming tart or acid; slightly sour.</def>
<i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ces"cent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A substance liable to
become sour.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"e*ta*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An acetabulum; or
about one eighth of a pint.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`e*tab"u*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cup-shaped;
saucer-shaped; acetabuliform.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`e*tab`u*lif"e*ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Acetabuliferous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The division of
Cephalopoda in which the arms are furnished with cup-shaped suckers, as the
cuttlefishes, squids, and octopus; the Dibranchiata. See
<u>Cephalopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`e*tab`u*lif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>acetablum</i> a little cup + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Furnished with fleshy
cups for adhering to bodies, as cuttlefish, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`e*tab"u*li*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>acetabulum</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Shaped like a shallow
cup; saucer-shaped; as, an <i>acetabuliform</i> calyx.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`e*tab"u*lum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a little
saucer for vinegar, fr. <i>acetum</i> vinegar, fr. <i>acere</i> to be
sour.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A vinegar cup; socket
of the hip bone; a measure of about one eighth of a pint, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The bony cup
which receives the head of the thigh bone.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The cavity in which the leg of an insect is inserted at its
articulation with the body.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A sucker of the
sepia or cuttlefish and related animals.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The
large posterior sucker of the leeches.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>One
of the lobes of the placenta in ruminating animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"e*tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Acet</i>ic +
<i>al</i>cohol.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A limpid, colorless, inflammable
liquid from the slow oxidation of alcohol under the influence of platinum
black.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`et*al"de*hyde</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Acetic
aldehyde. See <u>Aldehyde</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`et*am"ide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Acet</i>yl +
<i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline solid, from ammonia
by replacement of an equivalent of hydrogen by acetyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`et*an"i*lide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Acet</i>yl +
<i>anilide</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A compound of aniline with acetyl, used
to allay fever or pain; -- called also <i>antifebrine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`e*ta"ri*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acetaria</i>,
n. pl., salad, fr. <i>acetum</i> vinegar, fr. <i>acere</i> to be sour.]
<def>Used in salads; as, <i>acetarious</i> plants.</def></p>

<p><! p. 15  !></p>

<p><hw>Ac"e*ta*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acetaria</i>
salad plants.] <def>An acid pulp in certain fruits, as the pear.</def>
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"e*tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acetum</i>
vinegar, fr. <i>acere</i> to be sour.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt formed by
the union of acetic acid with a base or positive radical; as,
<i>acetate</i> of lead, <i>acetate</i> of potash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"e*ta`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Combined with
acetic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ce"tic</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acetum</i>
vinegar, fr. <i>acere</i> to be sour.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Of a pertaining to vinegar; producing vinegar; producing vinegar; as,
<i>acetic</i> fermentation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to,
containing, or derived from, acetyl, as <i>acetic</i> ether, <i>acetic</i>
acid. The latter is the acid to which the sour taste of vinegar is
due.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cet`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
making acetous or sour; the process of converting, or of becoming
converted, into vinegar.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cet"i*fi`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An apparatus for
hastening acetification.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cet"i*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Acetified</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Acetifying</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>acetum</i> vinegar + <i>-fly</i>.] <def>To
convert into acid or vinegar.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cet"i*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn acid.</def>
<i>Encyc. Dom. Econ.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`e*tim"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acetum</i>
vinegar + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>ac&eacute;tim&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An
instrument for estimating the amount of acetic acid in vinegar or in any
liquid containing acetic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`e*tim"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
method of ascertaining the strength of vinegar, or the proportion of acetic
acid contained in it.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"e*tin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
combination of acetic acid with glycerin.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"e*tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To acetify.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac`e*tom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Acetimeter</u>.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"e*tone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Acetic</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A volatile liquid consisting of three parts of carbon,
six of hydrogen, and one of oxygen; pyroacetic spirit, -- obtained by the
distillation of certain acetates, or by the destructive distillation of
citric acid, starch, sugar, or gum, with quicklime.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term in also applied to a number of bodies of similar
constitution, more frequently called <i>ketones</i>. See <u>Ketone</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ac`e*ton"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to acetone; as, <i>acetonic</i> bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"e*tose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sour like vinegar;
acetous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`e*tos"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>acetositas</i>. See <u>Acetous</u>.] <def>The quality of being acetous;
sourness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ce"tous</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acetum</i>
vinegar, fr. <i>acere</i> to be sour.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a
sour taste; sour; acid.</def>   "An <i>acetous</i> spirit." <i>Boyle.</i>
"A liquid of an <i>acetous</i> kind."  <i>Bp. Lowth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing, or connected with, acetification; as,
<i>acetous</i> fermentation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Acetous acid</b></col>, <cd>a name formerly given to
vinegar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ac"e*tyl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acetum</i> vinegar
+ Gr. &?; substance. See <u>-yl</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A complex,
hypothetical radical, composed of two parts of carbon to three of hydrogen
and one of oxygen. Its hydroxide is acetic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cet"y*lene</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
gaseous compound of carbon and hydrogen, in the proportion of two atoms of
the former to two of the latter. It is a colorless gas, with a peculiar,
unpleasant odor, and is produced for use as an illuminating gas in a number
of ways, but chiefly by the action of water on calcium carbide. Its light
is very brilliant.</def>  <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ach</hw>, <hw>Ache</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ache</i>, L. <i>apium</i> parsley.] <def>A name given to several species
of plants; as, smallage, wild celery, parsley.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*ch&aelig;"an</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*cha"ian</hw> (&?;) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Achaeus</i>, <i>Achaius</i>; Gr. &?;.] <def>Of
or pertaining to Achaia in Greece; also, Grecian.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of Achaia; a Greek.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*char"ne*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Savage
fierceness; ferocity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ach"ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An agate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*chate"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>achat</i> purchase.
See <u>Cates</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Purchase; bargaining.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Provisions. Same as
<u>Cates</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ach`a*ti"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
agate.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of land snails, often large,
common in the warm parts of America and Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cha*tour"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cater</u>.]
<def>Purveyor; acater.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ache</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ache</i>, AS.
<i>&aelig;ce</i>, <i>ece</i>, fr. <i>acan</i> to ache. See <u>Ache</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Continued pain, as distinguished from sudden
twinges, or spasmodic pain. "Such an <i>ache</i> in my bones."</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Often used in composition, as, a head<i>ache</i>, an
ear<i>ache</i>, a tooth<i>ache</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ache</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ached</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aching</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>aken</i>, AS. <i>acan</i>, both strong verbs,
AS. <i>acan</i>, imp. <i>&omacr;c</i>, p. p. <i>acen</i>, to ache; perh.
orig. to drive, and akin to <i>agent</i>.] <def>To suffer pain; to have, or
be in, pain, or in continued pain; to be distressed.</def> "My old bones
<i>ache</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sins that in your conscience <i>ache</i>.<BR>
<i>Keble.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*che"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ach&aelig;an</u>, <u>Achaian</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*chene"</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*che"ni*um</hw> (&?;) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to gape.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A small, dry, indehiscent fruit, containing a single seed, as in the
buttercup; -- called a <i>naked seed</i> by the earlier botanists.</def>
[Written also <i>akene</i> and <i>ach&aelig;nium</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>A*che"ni*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to an
achene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ach"e*ron</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A river in the Nether World or infernal regions; also,
the infernal regions themselves. By some of the English poets it was
supposed to be a flaming lake or gulf.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ach`e*ron"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Acheron; infernal; hence, dismal, gloomy; moribund.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*chiev"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
achieved.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*chiev"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>achevance</i>.] <def>Achievement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*chieve"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Achieved</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Achieving</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>acheven</i>, OF. <i>achever</i>,
<i>achiever</i>, F. <i>achever</i>, to finish; <i>&agrave;</i> (L.
<i>ad</i>) + OF. <i>chief</i>, F. <i>chef</i>, end, head, fr. L.
<i>caput</i> head. See <u>Chief</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry on
to a final close; to bring out into a perfected state; to accomplish; to
perform; -- as, to <i>achieve</i> a feat, an exploit, an
enterprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Supposing faculties and powers to be the same, far more may
be <i>achieved</i> in any line by the aid of a capital, invigorating motive
than without it.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obtain, or gain, as the result of exertion;
to succeed in gaining; to win.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some are born great, some <i>achieve</i> greatness.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast <i>achieved</i> our liberty.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>[[Obs]., with a material thing as the aim.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Show all the spoils by valiant kings <i>achieved</i>.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath <i>achieved</i> a maid<BR>
That paragons description.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To finish; to kill.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To accomplish; effect; fulfill; complete; execute;
perform; realize; obtain. See <u>Accomplish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>A*chieve"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ach&egrave;vement</i>, E. <u>Hatchment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of achieving or performing; an obtaining by exertion; successful
performance; accomplishment; as, the <i>achievement</i> of his
object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A great or heroic deed; something accomplished
by valor, boldness, or praiseworthy exertion; a feat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The exploits] of the ancient saints . . . do far surpass
the most famous <i>achievements</i> of pagan heroes.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The highest <i>achievements</i> of the human intellect.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>An escutcheon or ensign armorial;
now generally applied to the funeral shield commonly called
<i>hatchment</i>.</def>  <i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*chiev"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who achieves; a
winner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ach`il*le"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
Achilles, the hero of the Iliad; invincible.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*chil"les' ten"don</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Achillis
tendo</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The strong tendon formed of the united
tendons of the large muscles in the calf of the leg, an inserted into the
bone of the heel; -- so called from the mythological account of Achilles
being held by the heel when dipped in the River Styx.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*chi"lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv.
+ &?; lip.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Without a lip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ach"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That aches;
continuously painful. See <u>Ache</u>.</def>  -- <wf>Ach"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>aching</i> heart, the <i>aching</i> head.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||A`chi*o"te</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>achiote</i>,
fr. Indian <i>achiotl</i>.] <def>Seeds of the annotto tree; also, the
coloring matter, annotto.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*chlam"y*date</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?;. &?;. a short cloak.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Not possessing a
mantle; -- said of certain gastropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ach`la*myd"e*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Naked; having no floral envelope, neither calyx nor corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*cho"li*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; bile.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Deficiency or want of
bile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ach"o*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Lacking bile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ach`ro*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; colorless;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?;, &?;, color: cf. F. <i>achromatique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Free from color; transmitting light
without decomposing it into its primary colors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Uncolored; not absorbing color
from a fluid; -- said of tissue.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Achromatic lens</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>a lens composed
usually of two separate lenses, a convex and concave, of substances having
different refractive and dispersive powers, as crown and flint glass, with
the curvatures so adjusted that the chromatic aberration produced by the
one is corrected by other, and light emerges from the compound lens
undecomposed.</cd> -- <col><b>Achromatic prism</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Prism</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Achromatic telescope</b></col>, or
<col><b>microscope</b></col>, <cd>one in which the chromatic aberration is
corrected, usually by means of a compound or achromatic object glass, and
which gives images free from extraneous color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ach`ro*mat"ic*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
achromatic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ach`ro*ma*tic"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Achromatism.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*chro"ma*tin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Tissue which is not stained by fluid dyes.</def>  <i>W.
Flemming.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*chro"ma*tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>achromatisme</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being achromatic; as,
the <i>achromatism</i> of a lens; achromaticity.</def>  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*chro`ma*ti*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>achromatisation</i>.] <def>The act or process of
achromatizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*chro"ma*tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Achromatized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Achromatizing</u> (&?;).] [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?;
color.] <def>To deprive of color; to make achromatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*chro"ma*top"sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; color + &?; sight.] <def>Color blindness; inability to
distinguish colors; Daltonism.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*chron"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Acronyc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ach`ro*&ouml;*dex"trin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
colorless + E. <i>dextrin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Dextrin not
colorable by iodine. See <u>Dextrin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ach"ro*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; color.] <def>Colorless; achromatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*chy"lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; without juice.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Without chyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*chy"mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; without juice.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Without chyme.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*cic"u*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Acicul&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L., a small needle, dimin. of
<i>acus</i> needle.] <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>One of the needlelike or
bristlelike spines or prickles of some animals and plants; also, a
needlelike crystal.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cic"u*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Needle-shaped;
slender like a needle or bristle, as some leaves or crystals; also, having
sharp points like needles.</def></p>

<p><wf>A*cic"u*lar*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>A*cic"u*late</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*cic"u*la"ted</hw> (&?;) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Furnished
with acicul&aelig;.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Acicular.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Marked with fine irregular streaks as if scratched
by a needle.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cic"u*li*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acicula</i>
needle + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Needle-shaped; acicular.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cic"u*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Needle ore.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"id</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acidus</i> sour, fr.
the root <i>ak</i> to be sharp: cf. F. <i>acide</i>. Cf. <u>Acute</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sour, sharp, or biting to the taste; tart; having
the taste of vinegar: as, <i>acid</i> fruits or liquors. Also fig.: Sour-
tempered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was stern and his face as <i>acid</i> as ever.<BR>
<i>A. Trollope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an acid; as, <i>acid</i>
reaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"id</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sour
substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a class of compounds,
generally but not always distinguished by their sour taste, solubility in
water, and reddening of vegetable blue or violet colors. They are also
characterized by the power of destroying the distinctive properties of
alkalies or bases, combining with them to form salts, at the same time
losing their own peculiar properties. They all contain hydrogen, united
with a more negative element or radical, either alone, or more generally
with oxygen, and take their names from this negative element or radical.
Those which contain no oxygen are sometimes called <i>hydracids</i> in
distinction from the others which are called <i>oxygen acids</i> or
<i>oxacids</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In certain cases, sulphur, selenium, or tellurium may take the
place of oxygen, and the corresponding compounds are called respectively
<i>sulphur acids</i> or <i>sulphacids</i>, <i>selenium acids</i>, or
<i>tellurium acids</i>. When the hydrogen of an acid is replaced by a
positive element or radical, a salt is formed, and hence acids are
sometimes named as salts of hydrogen; as <i>hydrogen nitrate</i> for nitric
acid, <i>hydrogen sulphate</i> for sulphuric acid, etc. In the old
chemistry the name <i>acid</i> was applied to the oxides of the negative or
nonmetallic elements, now sometimes called <i>anhydrides</i>.</p>

<p><hw>A*cid"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Containing a high percentage of silica; -- opposed to
<i>basic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`id*if"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acidus</i>
sour + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Containing or yielding an acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cid"i*fi`a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being acidified, or converted into an acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`id*if"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing acidity;
converting into an acid.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cid`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>acidification</i>.] <def>The act or process of acidifying, or changing
into an acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cid"i*fi`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
simple or compound principle, whose presence is necessary to produce
acidity, as oxygen, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cid"i*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Acidified</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Acidifying</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>acidus</i> sour, acid + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F.
<i>acidifier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make acid; to convert into an
acid; as, to <i>acidify</i> sugar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sour; to imbitter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His thin existence all <i>acidified</i> into rage.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac`id*im"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acidus</i>
acid + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An instrument for ascertaining
the strength of acids.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`id*im"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acidus</i>
acid + <i>-metry</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The measurement of the strength
of acids, especially by a chemical process based on the law of chemical
combinations, or the fact that, to produce a complete reaction, a certain
definite weight of reagent is required.</def>  --
<wf>Ac`id*i*met"ric*al</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*cid"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acidites</i>, fr.
<i>acidus</i>: cf. F. <i>acidit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Acid</u>.] <def>The
quality of being sour; sourness; tartness; sharpness to the taste; as, the
<i>acidity</i> of lemon juice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"id*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Sourly;
tartly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"id*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Acidity;
sourness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cid"u*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Acidulated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Acidulating</u> (&?;).] [Cf. F. <i>aciduler</i>. See <u>Acidulous</u>.]
<def>To make sour or acid in a moderate degree; to sour somewhat.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cid"u*lent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an acid
quality; sour; acidulous.</def> "With anxious, <i>acidulent</i> face."
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cid"u*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acidulus</i>,
dim. of <i>acidus</i>. See Acid.] <def>Slightly sour; sub-acid; sourish;
as, an <i>acidulous</i> tincture.</def>  <i>E. Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Acidulous mineral waters</b></col>, <cd>such as contain carbonic
anhydride.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ac`i*er*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>aci&eacute;rage</i>, fr. <i>acier</i> steel.] <def>The process of
coating the surface of a metal plate (as a stereotype plate) with steellike
iron by means of voltaic electricity; steeling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"i*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acus</i> needle +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like a needle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"i*na"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acinus</i> a
grape, grapestone.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Containing seeds or stones of
grapes, or grains like them.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*cin"a*ces</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Anc. Hist.)</i> <def>A short sword or saber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`i*nac"i*form</hw>
(&abreve;s`&ibreve;*n&abreve;s"&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>acinaces</i> a short sword + <i>-form</i>: cf. F.
<i>acinaciforme</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Scimeter-shaped; as, an
<i>acinaciform</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`i*ne"si*a</hw> (&abreve;s`&ibreve;*n&emacr;"s&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Akinesia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`i*ne"t&aelig;</hw> (&abreve;s`&ibreve;*n&emacr;"t&emacr;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'akinhtos</grk> immovable.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of suctorial Infusoria, which in the adult
stage are stationary. See <u>Suctoria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`i*net"i*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Acinet&aelig;</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling
the Acinet&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cin"i*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acinus</i> a
grape, grapestone + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>acinoforme</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of a cluster of grapes; clustered
like grapes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of small kernels like a grape.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ac"i*nose`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ac"i*nous</hw> (&?;) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acinosus</i>, fr. acinus grapestone.]
<def>Consisting of <i>acini</i>, or minute granular concretions; as,
<i>acinose</i> or <i>acinous</i> glands.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><! p. 16 !></p>

<p><hw>||Ac"i*nus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Acini</b></plw> (&?;). [L., grape, grapestone.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the small grains or drupelets
which make up some kinds of fruit, as the blackberry, raspberry, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A grapestone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the granular masses which
constitute a racemose or compound gland, as the pancreas; also, one of the
saccular recesses in the lobules of a racemose gland.</def>
<i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`i*pen"ser</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the name of a
fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of ganoid fishes, including the
sturgeons, having the body armed with bony scales, and the mouth on the
under side of the head. See <u>Sturgeon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"i*ur`gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a point + &?;
work.] <def>Operative surgery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*know"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>know</i>; AS. <i>oncn&amacr;wan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
recognize.</def> [Obs.] "You will not be <i>acknown</i>, sir."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To acknowledge; to confess.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be acknown</b></col> (often with <i>of</i> or <i>on</i>),
<cd>to acknowledge; to confess.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We say of a stubborn body that standeth still in the denying
of his fault, This man will not acknowledge his fault, or, He will not
<i>be acknown</i> of his fault.<BR>
<i>Sir T. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*knowl"edge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Acknowledged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Acknowledging</u> (&?;).] [Prob. fr. pref. <i>a-</i> + the verb
<i>knowledge</i>.  See <u>Knowledge</u>, and cf. <u>Acknow</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To of or admit the knowledge of; to recognize as a
fact or truth; to declare one's belief in; as, to <i>acknowledge</i> the
being of a God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>acknowledge</i> my transgressions.<BR>
<i>Ps. li. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>For ends generally <i>acknowledged</i> to be good.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To own or recognize in a particular character or
relationship; to admit the claims or authority of; to give recognition
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all thy ways <i>acknowledge</i> Him.<BR>
<i>Prov. iii. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By my soul, I'll ne'er <i>acknowledge</i> thee.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To own with gratitude or as a benefit or an
obligation; as, to <i>acknowledge</i> a favor, the receipt of a
letter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They his gifts <i>acknowledged</i> none.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To own as genuine; to assent to, as a legal
instrument, to give it validity; to avow or admit in legal form; as, to
<i>acknowledge</i>a deed.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To avow; proclaim; recognize; own; admit; allow; concede;
confess.  -- <u>Acknowledge</u>, <u>Recognize</u>. <i>Acknowledge</i> is
opposed to <i>keep back</i>, or <i>conceal</i>, and supposes that something
had been previously known to us (though perhaps not to others) which we now
feel bound to lay open or make public. Thus, a man <i>acknowledges</i> a
secret marriage; one who has done wrong <i>acknowledges</i> his fault; and
author <i>acknowledges</i> his obligation to those who have aided him; we
<i>acknowledge</i> our ignorance. <i>Recognize</i> supposes that we have
either forgotten or not had the evidence of a thing distinctly before our
minds, but that now we know it (as it were) anew, or receive and admit in
on the ground of the evidence it brings. Thus, we <i>recognize</i> a friend
after a long absence. We <i>recognize</i> facts, principles, truths, etc.,
when their evidence is brought up fresh to the mind; as, bad men usually
<i>recognize</i> the providence of God in seasons of danger. A foreign
minister, consul, or agent, of any kind, is <i>recognized</i> on the ground
of his producing satisfactory credentials.  See also <u>Confess</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*knowl"edged*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Confessedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*knowl"edg*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
acknowledges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*knowl"edg*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of acknowledging; admission; avowal;
owning; confession.</def> "An <i>acknowledgment</i> of fault."
<i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of owning or recognized in a particular
character or relationship; recognition as regards the existence, authority,
truth, or genuineness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Immediately upon the <i>acknowledgment</i> of the Christian
faith, the eunuch was baptized by Philip.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The owning of a benefit received; courteous
recognition; expression of thanks.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something given or done in return for a favor,
message, etc.</def>  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A declaration or avowal of one's own act, to
give it legal validity; as, the <i>acknowledgment</i> of a deed before a
proper officer. Also, the certificate of the officer attesting such
declaration.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Acknowledgment money</b></col>, <cd>in some parts of England, a
sum paid by copyhold tenants, on the death of their landlords, as an
acknowledgment of their new lords.</cd>  <i>Cowell.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Confession; concession; recognition; admission; avowal;
recognizance.</p>

<p><hw>A*clin"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv.
+ &?; to incline.] <i>(Physics.)</i> <def>Without inclination or dipping; -
- said the magnetic needle balances itself horizontally, having no dip.
The <i>aclinic line</i> is also termed the <i>magnetic equator</i>.</def>
<i>Prof. August.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"me</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; point, top.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The top or highest point; the
culmination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The very <i>acme</i> and pitch of life for epic poetry.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The moment when a certain power reaches the <i>acme</i> of
its supremacy.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The crisis or height of a
disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mature age; full bloom of life.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ne</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., prob. a corruption of
Gr. &?;] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A pustular affection of the skin, due to
changes in the sebaceous glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*no"dal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
acnodes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"node</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acus</i> needle + E.
<i>node</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>An isolated point not upon a curve, but
whose co&ouml;rdinates satisfy the equation of the curve so that it is
considered as belonging to the curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cock"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>cock</i>.] <def>In a cocked or turned up fashion.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cock"bill`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Prefix <i>a-</i> +
<i>cock</i> + <i>bill</i>: with bills cocked up.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Hanging at the cathead, ready to let go, as an
anchor.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Topped up; having one yardarm higher
than the other.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cold"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prob. p. p. of OE.
<i>acolen</i> to grow cold or cool, AS. <i>&amacr;c&omacr;lian</i> to grow
cold; pref. <i>a-</i> (cf. Goth. <i>er-</i>, orig. meaning <i>out</i>) +
<i>c&omacr;lian</i> to cool. See <u>Cool</u>.] <def>Cold.</def> [Obs.]
"Poor Tom's <i>acold</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`o*log"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
acology.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*col"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; remedy + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>Materia medica; the science of remedies.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*col"o*thist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Acolythist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`o*lyc"tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the name of the
plant.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An organic base, in the form of a white powder,
obtained from <i>Aconitum lycoctonum</i>.</def>  <i>Eng. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`o*lyte</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>acolythus</i>,
<i>acoluthus</i>, Gr. &?; following, attending: cf. F. <i>acolyte</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One who has received the highest
of the four minor orders in the Catholic church, being ordained to carry
the wine and water and the lights at the Mass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who attends; an assistant.</def> "With such
chiefs, and with James and John as <i>acolytes</i>."  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"o*lyth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Acolyte</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*col"y*thist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
acolyte.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>A*cond"dy*lose`</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*con"dy*lous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; joint.] <i>(Nat.
Hist.)</i> <def>Being without joints; jointless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`o*ni"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of
aconite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"o*nite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aconitum</i>, Gr.
&?;: cf. F. <i>aconit</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The herb
wolfsbane, or monkshood; -- applied to any plant of the genus
<i>Aconitum</i> (tribe <i>Hellebore</i>), all the species of which are
poisonous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An extract or tincture obtained from <i>Aconitum
napellus</i>, used as a poison and medicinally.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Winter aconite</b></col>, <cd>a plant (<i>Eranthis hyemalis</i>)
allied to the aconites.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`o*ni"ti*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Aconitine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`o*nit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to aconite.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*con"i*tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
intensely poisonous alkaloid, extracted from aconite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`o*ni"tum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Aconite</u>.] <def>The poisonous herb aconite; also, an extract from
it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strong<BR>
As <i>aconitum</i> or rash gunpowder.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||A*con"ti*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
a little dart.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Threadlike defensive organs,
composed largely of nettling cells (<i>cnid&aelig;</i>), thrown out of the
mouth or special pores of certain Actini&aelig; when irritated.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*con"ti*as</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;,
fr. &?;, dim. &?; dart.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Anciently, a snake,
called <i>dart snake</i>; now, one of a genus of reptiles closely allied to
the lizards.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cop"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> priv. +
&?; striking. weariness, &?; to strike.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Relieving
weariness; restorative.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"corn</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&aelig;cern</i>, fr.
<i>&aelig;cer</i> field, acre; akin to D. <i>aker</i> acorn, Ger.
<i>ecker</i>, Icel. <i>akarn</i>, Dan. <i>agern</i>, Goth. <i>akran</i>
fruit, <i>akrs</i> field; -- orig. fruit of the field. See <u>Acre</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in
a woody cup or cupule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A cone-shaped piece of wood on
the point of the spindle above the vane, on the mast-head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Acorn-
shell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"corn cup</hw> (&?;). <def>The involucre or cup in which the acorn
is fixed.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"corned</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished or loaded with acorns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fed or filled with acorns.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"corn-shell`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the sessile cirripeds; a barnacle of the genus <i>Balanus</i>.
See <u>Barnacle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cos"mism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv.
+ &?; world.] <def>A denial of the existence of the universe as distinct
from God.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cos"mist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Acosmism</u>.]
<def>One who denies the existence of the universe, or of a universe as
distinct from God.</def>  <i>G. H. Lewes.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cot`y*le"don</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; anything cup-shaped. See <u>Cotyledon</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant which has no cotyledons, as the dodder and all
flowerless plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cot`y*led"on*ous</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
no seed lobes, as the dodder; also applied to plants which have no true
seeds, as ferns, mosses, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cou"chy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>acouchi</i>, from
the native name Guiana.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small species of agouti
(<i>Dasyprocta acouchy</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cou"me*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to hear +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics.)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring the
acuteness of the sense of hearing.</def>  <i>Itard.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cou"me*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to hear +
<i>-metry</i>.] <def>The measuring of the power or extent of
hearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cous"tic</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>acoustique</i>, Gr. &?; relating to hearing, fr. &?; to hear.]
<def>Pertaining to the sense of hearing, the organs of hearing, or the
science of sounds; auditory.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Acoustic duct</b></col>, <cd>the auditory duct, or external
passage of the ear.</cd> -- <col><b>Acoustic telegraph</b></col>, <cd>a
telegraph making audible signals; a telephone.</cd> -- <col><b>Acoustic
vessels</b></col>, <cd>brazen tubes or vessels, shaped like a bell, used in
ancient theaters to propel the voices of the actors, so as to render them
audible to a great distance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*cous"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine or agent to
assist hearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cous"tic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to acoustics.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cous"tic*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In relation
to sound or to hearing.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ous*ti"cian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
acoustics.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cous"tics</hw> (#; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Names of sciences
in <i>-ics</i>, as, <i>acoustics</i>, <i>mathematics</i>, etc., are usually
treated as singular. See <u>-ics</u>.] <i>(Physics.)</i> <def>The science
of sounds, teaching their nature, phenomena, and laws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Acoustics</i>, then, or the science of sound, is a very
considerable branch of physics.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The science is, by some writers, divided, into
<i>diacoustics</i>, which explains the properties of sounds coming directly
from the ear; and <i>catacoustica</i>, which treats of reflected sounds or
echoes.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*quaint"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>acoint</i>. See
<u>Acquaint</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Acquainted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac*quaint"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Acquainted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Acquainting</u>.] [OE. <i>aqueinten</i>, <i>acointen</i>, OF.
<i>acointier</i>, LL. <i>adcognitare</i>, fr. L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>cognitus</i>, p. p. of <i>cognoscere</i> to know; <i>con-</i> +
<i>noscere</i> to know. See <u>Quaint</u>, <u>Know</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To furnish or give experimental knowledge of; to make (one) to know;
to make familiar; -- followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before a man can speak on any subject, it is necessary to be
<i>acquainted</i> with it.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of sorrows and <i>acquainted</i> with grief.<BR>
<i>Isa. liii. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To communicate notice to; to inform; to make
cognizant; -- followed by <i>with</i> (formerly, also, by <i>of</i>), or by
<i>that</i>, introducing the intelligence; as, to <i>acquaint</i> a friend
with the particulars of an act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Acquaint</i> her here of my son Paris' love.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I must <i>acquaint</i> you that I have received<BR>
New dated letters from Northumberland.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To familiarize; to accustom.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be acquainted with</b></col>, <cd>to be possessed of personal
knowledge of; to be cognizant of; to be more or less familiar with; to be
on terms of social intercourse with.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To inform; apprise; communicate; advise.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*quaint"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>acointable</i>]. <def>Easy to be acquainted with; affable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quaint"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>aqueintance</i>, OF. <i>acointance</i>, fr. <i>acointier</i>. See
<u>Acquaint</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state of being acquainted, or
of having intimate, or more than slight or superficial, knowledge; personal
knowledge gained by intercourse short of that of friendship or intimacy;
as, I know the man; but have no <i>acquaintance</i> with him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Contract no friendship, or even <i>acquaintance</i>, with a
guileful man.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Jones.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person or persons with whom one is
acquainted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Montgomery was an old <i>acquaintance</i> of Ferguson.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense the collective term <i>acquaintance</i> was
formerly both singular and plural, but it is now commonly singular, and has
the regular plural <i>acquaintances</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>To be of acquaintance</b></col>, <cd>to be intimate.</cd> --
<col><b>To take acquaintance of</b></col> or <col><b>with</b></col>, <cd>to
make the acquaintance of.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Familiarity; intimacy; fellowship; knowledge.  --
<u>Acquaintance</u>, <u>Familiarity</u>, <u>Intimacy</u>. These words mark
different degrees of closeness in social intercourse. <i>Acquaintance</i>
arises from occasional intercourse; as, our <i>acquaintance</i> has been a
brief one. We can speak of a slight or an intimate <i>acquaintance</i>.
<i>Familiarity</i> is the result of continued <i>acquaintance</i>. It
springs from persons being frequently together, so as to wear off all
restraint and reserve; as, the <i>familiarity</i> of old companions.
<i>Intimacy</i> is the result of close connection, and the freest
interchange of thought; as, the <i>intimacy</i> of established
friendship.</p>

<p><blockquote>Our admiration of a famous man lessens upon our nearer
<i>acquaintance</i> with him.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We contract at last such a <i>familiarity</i> with them as
makes it difficult and irksome for us to call off our minds.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is in our power to confine our friendships and
<i>intimacies</i> to men of virtue.<BR>
<i>Rogers.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quaint"ance*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of being
acquainted; acquaintance.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quaint"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>acointant</i>, p. pr.] <def>An acquaintance.</def> [R.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quaint"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Personally known;
familiar. See <i>To be acquainted with</i>, under <u>Acquaint</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quaint"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
acquainted; degree of acquaintance.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quest"</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>aquest</i>, F.
<i>acqu&ecirc;t</i>, fr. LL. <i>acquestum</i>, <i>acquis&imacr;tum</i>, for
L. <i>acquis&imacr;tum</i>, p. p. (used substantively) of <i>acquirere</i>
to acquire. See <u>Acquire</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Acquisition; the thing gained.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Property acquired by purchase,
gift, or otherwise than by inheritance.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`qui*esce"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Acquiesced</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Acquiescing</u> (&?;)] [L. <i>acquiescere</i>; <i>ad</i> +
<i>quiescere</i> to be quiet, fr. <i>quies</i> rest: cf. F.
<i>acquiescer</i>. See <u>Quiet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rest
satisfied, or apparently satisfied, or to rest without opposition and
discontent (usually implying previous opposition or discontent); to accept
or consent by silence or by omitting to object; -- followed by <i>in</i>,
formerly also by <i>with</i> and <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were compelled to <i>acquiesce</i> in a government
which they did not regard as just.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To concur upon conviction; as, to
<i>acquiesce</i> in an opinion; to assent to; usually, to concur, not
heartily but so far as to forbear opposition.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To submit; comply; yield; assent; agree; consent; accede;
concur; conform; accept tacitly.</p>

<p><hw>Ac`qui*es"cence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>acquiescence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A silent or passive assent or
submission, or a submission with apparent content; -- distinguished from
avowed consent on the one hand, and on the other, from opposition or open
discontent; quiet satisfaction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crim. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Submission to an injury by the party injured.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Tacit concurrence in the action of another.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 17 !></p>

<p><hw>Ac`qui*es"cen*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being acquiescent; acquiescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`qui*es"cent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>acquiescens</i>, <i>-centis</i>; p. pr.] <def>Resting satisfied or
submissive; disposed tacitly to submit; assentive; as, an
<i>acquiescent</i> policy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`qui*es"cent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
acquiescent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*qui"et</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>acquietare</i>; L. <i>ad</i> + <i>quies</i> rest. See <u>Quiet</u> and
cf. <u>Acquit</u>.] <def>To quiet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Acquiet</i> his mind from stirring you against your own
peace.<BR>
<i>Sir A. Sherley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quir"a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being acquirable; attainableness.</def> [R.]  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quir"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
acquired.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quire"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Acquired</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Acquiring</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>acquirere</i>, <i>acquisitum</i>; <i>ad</i>
+ <i>quarere</i> to seek for. In OE. was a verb <i>aqueren</i>, fr. the
same, through OF. <i>aquerre</i>. See <u>Quest</u>..] <def>To gain, usually
by one's own exertions; to get as one's own; as, to <i>acquire</i> a title,
riches, knowledge, skill, good or bad habits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No virtue is <i>acquired</i> in an instant, but step by
step.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Descent is the title whereby a man, on the death of his
ancestor, <i>acquires</i> his estate, by right of representation, as his
heir at law.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To obtain; gain; attain; procure; win; earn; secure. See
<u>Obtain</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*quire"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of acquiring, or that which is acquired; attainment.</def> "Rules for the
<i>acquirement</i> of a taste."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>acquirements</i> by industry were . . . enriched and
enlarged by many excellent endowments of nature.<BR>
<i>Hayward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Acquisition</u>, <u>Acquirement</u>.
<i>Acquirement</i> is used in opposition to a natural gift or talent; as,
eloquence, and skill in music and painting, are <i>acquirements</i>; genius
is the gift or endowment of nature. It denotes especially <i>personal</i>
attainments, in opposition to material or external things gained, which are
more usually called <i>acquisitions</i>; but this distinction is not always
observed.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*quir"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
acquires.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quir"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Acquirement.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"qui*site</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acquisitus</i>,
p. p. of <i>acquirere</i>. See <u>Acquire</u>.] <def>Acquired.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`qui*si"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>acquisitio</i>, fr. <i>acquirere</i>: cf. F. <i>acquisition</i>. See
<u>Acquire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
acquiring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>acquisition</i> or loss of a province.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing acquired or gained; an acquirement; a
gain; as, learning is an <i>acquisition</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Acquirement</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*quis"i*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Acquired.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He died not in his <i>acquisitive</i>, but in his native
soil.<BR>
<i>Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Able or disposed to make acquisitions;
acquiring; as, an <i>acquisitive</i> person or disposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quis"i*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the way of
acquisition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quis"i*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being acquisitive; propensity to acquire property;
desire of possession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>The faculty to which the
phrenologists attribute the desire of acquiring and possessing.</def>
<i>Combe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quis"i*tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
acquires.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quist"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Acquest</u>.]
<def>Acquisition; gain.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quit"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Acquitted; set
free; rid of.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quit"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Acquitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Acquitting</u>.] [OE. <i>aquiten</i>, OF. <i>aquiter</i>, F.
<i>acquitter</i>; <i>&?;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + OF. <i>quiter</i>, F.
<i>quitter</i>, to quit. See <u>Quit</u>, and cf. <u>Acquiet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To discharge, as a claim or debt; to clear off; to
pay off; to requite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A responsibility that can never be absolutely
<i>acquitted</i>.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pay for; to atone for.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set free, release or discharge from an
obligation, duty, liability, burden, or from an accusation or charge; --
now followed by <i>of</i> before the charge, formerly by <i>from</i>; as,
the jury <i>acquitted</i> the prisoner; we <i>acquit</i> a man of evil
intentions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> Reflexively: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To clear one's
self.</def> <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To bear or conduct one's
self; to perform one's part; as, the soldier <i>acquitted</i> himself well
in battle; the orator <i>acquitted</i> himself very poorly.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To absolve; clear; exonerate; exonerate; exculpate;
release; discharge. See <u>Absolve</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ac*quit"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>aquitement</i>.] <def>Acquittal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quit"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of acquitting; discharge from debt or obligation;
acquittance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A setting free, or deliverance from
the charge of an offense, by verdict of a jury or sentence of a
court.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quit"tance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>aquitance</i>, fr. <i>aquiter</i>. See <u>Acquit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The clearing off of debt or obligation; a release
or discharge from debt or other liability.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A writing which is evidence of a discharge; a
receipt in full, which bars a further demand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You can produce <i>acquittances</i><BR>
For such a sum, from special officers.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quit"tance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To acquit.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*quit"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who acquits or
releases.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*cra"ni*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; skull.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Partial or total absence of the skull.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lowest group
of Vertebrata, including the amphioxus, in which no skull exists.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cra"ni*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting a
skull.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*crase"</hw>, <hw>A*craze"</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>crase</i>; or cf. F. <i>&eacute;craser</i> to crush.
See <u>Crase</u>, <u>Craze</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To craze.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impair; to destroy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hacket.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||A*cra"si*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ac"ra*sy</hw> (&?;) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>akrasia</grk>.] <def>Excess;
intemperance.</def> [Obs. except in <i>Med</i>.]  <i>Farindon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*cras"pe*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; border.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
acalephs, including most of the larger jellyfishes; the
Discophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"cre</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aker</i>, AS.
<i>&aelig;cer</i>; akin to OS. <i>accar</i>, OHG. <i>achar</i>, Ger.
<i>acker</i>, Icel. <i>akr</i>, Sw. <i>&aring;ker</i>, Dan. <i>ager</i>,
Goth. <i>akrs</i>, L. <i>ager</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>ajra</i>. &radic;2,
206.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any field of arable or pasture land.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of land, containing 160 square rods, or
4,840 square yards, or 43,560 square feet. This is the English statute
acre. That of the United States is the same. The Scotch <i>acre</i> was
about 1.26 of the English, and the Irish 1.62 of the English.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>acre</i> was limited to its present definite quantity by
statutes of Edward I., Edward III., and Henry VIII.</p>

<p><col><b>Broad acres</b></col>, <cd>many acres, much landed estate.</cd>
[Rhetorical] -- <col><b>God's acre</b></col>, <cd>God's field; the
churchyard.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I like that ancient Saxon phrase, which calls<BR>
The burial ground, <i>God's acre</i>.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A"cre*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of an acre; per
acre; as, the <i>acreable</i> produce.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"cre*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Acres collectively;
as, the <i>acreage</i> of a farm or a country.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"cred</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Possessing acres or
landed property; -- used in composition; as, large-<i>acred</i>
men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"rid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acer</i> sharp; prob.
assimilated in form to <i>acid</i>. See <u>Eager</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sharp and harsh, or bitter and not, to the taste; pungent; as,
<i>acrid</i> salts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing heat and irritation; corrosive; as,
<i>acrid</i> secretions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Caustic; bitter; bitterly irritating; as,
<i>acrid</i> temper, mind, writing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Acrid poison</b></col>, <cd>a poison which irritates, corrodes,
or burns the parts to which it is applied.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*crid"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ac"rid*ness</hw> (&?;) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being acrid or pungent; irritant
bitterness; acrimony; as, the <i>acridity</i> of a plant, of a
speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"rid*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an acid
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ri*mo"ni*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>acrimonious</i>, F. <i>acrimonieux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Acrid;
corrosive; as, <i>acrimonious</i> gall.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Caustic; bitter-tempered' sarcastic; as,
<i>acrimonious</i> dispute, language, temper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ri*mo"ni*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
acrimonious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ri*mo"ni*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being acrimonious; asperity; acrimony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ri*mo*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Acrimonies</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>acrimonia</i>, fr. <i>acer</i>,
sharp: cf. F. <i>acrimonie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quality of
bodies which corrodes or destroys others; also, a harsh or biting
sharpness; as, the <i>acrimony</i> of the juices of certain plants.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sharpness or severity, as of language or temper;
irritating bitterness of disposition or manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>John the Baptist set himself with much <i>acrimony</i> and
indignation to baffle this senseless arrogant conceit of theirs.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Acrimony</u>, <u>Asperity</u>, <u>Harshness</u>,
<u>Tartness</u>.  These words express different degrees of angry feeling or
language. <i>Asperity</i> and <i>harshness</i> arise from angry feelings,
connected with a disregard for the feelings of others. <i>Harshness</i>
usually denotes needless severity or an undue measure of severity.
<i>Acrimony</i> is a biting sharpness produced by an imbittered spirit.
<i>Tartness</i> denotes slight asperity and implies some degree of
intellectual readiness. <i>Tartness</i> of reply; <i>harshness</i> of
accusation; <i>acrimony</i> of invective.</p>

<p><blockquote>In his official letters he expressed, with great
<i>acrimony</i>, his contempt for the king's character.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is no very cynical <i>asperity</i> not to confess
obligations where no benefit has been received.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A just reverence of mankind prevents the growth of
<i>harshness</i> and brutality.<BR>
<i>Shaftesbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>||A*cris"i*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ac"ri*sy</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>acrisia</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk> priv. +
&?; to separate, to decide.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inability to
judge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Undecided character of a
disease.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ac"ri*ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
indiscernible; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to distinguish.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lowest groups of animals, in which no nervous
system has been observed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ri*tan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Acrita.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
individual of the Acrita.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"rite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Acritan.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*crit"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; critical.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having no crisis; giving no
indications of a crisis; as, <i>acritical</i> symptoms, an <i>acritical</i>
abscess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ri*to*chro"ma*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
undistinguishable; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to separate, distinguish + &?;
color.] <def>Color blindness; achromatopsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ri*tude</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acritudo</i>,
from <i>acer</i> sharp.] <def>Acridity; pungency joined with heat.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac"ri*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acritas</i>, fr.
<i>acer</i> sharp: cf. F. <i>&acirc;cret&eacute;</i>.] <def>Sharpness;
keenness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ac`ro*a*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ac`ro*a*mat"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to hear.] <def>Communicated orally;
oral; -- applied to the <i>esoteric</i> teachings of Aristotle, those
intended for his genuine disciples, in distinction from his <i>exoteric</i>
doctrines, which were adapted to outsiders or the public generally. Hence:
Abstruse; profound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ro*at"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
hear.] <def>Same as <u>Acroamatic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ro*bat</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>acrobate</i>, fr.
Gr. &?; walking on tiptoe, climbing aloft; &?; high + &?; to go.] <def>One
who practices rope dancing, high vaulting, or other daring gymnastic
feats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ro*bat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>acrobatique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to an acrobat.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ac`ro*bat"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ro*bat*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Feats of the
acrobat; daring gymnastic feats; high vaulting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ro*car"pous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; extreme,
highest + &?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having a
terminal fructification; having the fruit at the end of the stalk.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having the fruit stalks at the end of a leafy
stem, as in certain mosses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ro*ce*phal"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; highest +
&?;. See <u>Cephalic</u>.] <def>Characterized by a high skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ro*ceph"a*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Loftiness of
skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ro*ce*rau"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>acroceraunius</i>, fr. Gr. &?; high, n. pl. &?; heights + &?;
thunderbolt.] <def>Of or pertaining to the high mountain range of "thunder-
smitten" peaks (now Kimara), between Epirus and Macedonia.</def>
<i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`ro*dac"tyl*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; topmost + &?; finger.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The upper surface of
the toes, individually.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ro*dont</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a`kros</grk>
summit + <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a group of lizards having the teeth
immovably united to the top of the alveolar ridge.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Of or pertaining to the acrodonts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ro*gen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a`kros</grk>
extreme, high + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the highest
class of cryptogams, including the ferns, etc. See
<u>Cryptogamia</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Age of Acrogens</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the age of
coal plants, or the carboniferous era.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ac*rog"e*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Increasing by growth from the extremity; as, an <i>acrogenous</i>
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cro"le*in</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acer</i> sharp +
<i>ol&emacr;re</i> to smell.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A limpid, colorless,
highly volatile liquid, obtained by the dehydration of glycerin, or the
destructive distillation of neutral fats containing glycerin. Its vapors
are intensely irritating.</def>  <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ro*lith</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acrolthus</i>,
Gr. <grk>'akroli`qos</grk> with the ends made of stone; <grk>'a`kros</grk>
extreme + <grk>li`qos</grk> stone.] <i>(Arch. &amp; Sculp.)</i> <def>A statue
whose extremities are of stone, the trunk being generally of wood.</def>
<i>Elmes.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*crol"i*than</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ac`ro*lith"ic</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or like, an acrolith.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ro*meg"a*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>acromegalia</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>'a`kron</grk> point, peak + &?;, &?;,
big.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Chronic enlargement of the extremities and
face.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cro"mi*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>acromial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
acromion.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*cro"mi*on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'a`kros</grk> extreme + &?; shoulder: cf. F. <i>acromion</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The outer extremity of the shoulder blade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ro*mon`o*gram*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`kros</grk> extreme + &?; alone + &?; a letter.] <def>Having each
verse begin with the same letter as that with which the preceding verse
ends.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*cron"yc</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*cron"ych*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'akro`nychos</grk> at nightfall;
<grk>'a`kros</grk> + <grk>ny`x</grk> night.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Rising
at sunset and setting at sunrise, as a star; -- opposed to
<i>cosmical</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word is sometimes incorrectly written <i>acronical</i>,
<i>achronychal</i>, <i>acronichal</i>, and <i>acronical</i>.</p>

<p><hw>A*cron"yc*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an acronycal
manner as rising at the setting of the sun, and <i>vice
versa</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ro*nyc"tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'akro`nyktos</grk>; <grk>'a`kros</grk> + <grk>ny`x</grk>,
<grk>nykto`s</grk>, night.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Acronycal.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*crook"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Crookedly.</def>
[R.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*crop"e*tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`kros</grk> summit + L. <i>petere</i> to seek.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Developing from below towards the apex, or from the circumference
towards the center; centripetal; -- said of certain
inflorescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*croph"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`kros</grk> extreme + &?; sound.] <def>The use of a picture symbol
of an object to represent phonetically the initial sound of the name of the
object.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`ro*po"di*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`kros</grk> topmost + <grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The entire upper surface of the foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*crop"o*lis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'akro`polis</grk>; <grk>'a`kros</grk> extreme + <grk>po`lis</grk>
city.] <def>The upper part, or the citadel, of a Grecian city; especially,
the citadel of Athens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ro*pol"i*tan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
an acropolis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ro*spire</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?; anything
twisted.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The sprout at the end of a seed when it begins
to germinate; the plumule in germination; -- so called from its spiral
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ro*spire</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To put forth the
first sprout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ro*spore</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?; fruit.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A spore borne at the extremity of the cells of
fructification in fungi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ro*spor"ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
acrospores.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cross"</hw> (#; 115), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>cross</i>: cf. F. <i>en croix</i>. See Cross, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>From side to side; athwart; crosswise, or in a direction opposed to
the length; quite over; as, a bridge laid <i>across</i> a river.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To come across</b></col>, <cd>to come upon or meet
incidentally.</cd> <i>Freeman.</i> -- <col><b>To go across the
country</b></col>, <cd>to go by a direct course across a region without
following the roads.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>A*cross"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>From
side to side; crosswise; as, with arms folded <i>across</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obliquely; athwart; amiss; awry.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The squint-eyed Pharisees look <i>across</i> at all the
actions of Christ.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*cros"tic</hw> (&?;) (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
extreme + &?; order, line, verse.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A composition,
usually in verse, in which the first or the last letters of the lines, or
certain other letters, taken in order, form a name, word, phrase, or
motto.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Hebrew poem in which the lines or stanzas
begin with the letters of the alphabet in regular order (as Psalm cxix.).
See <u>Abecedarian</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Double acrostic</b></col>, <cd>a species of enigma, in which
words are to be guessed whose initial and final letters form other
words.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*cros"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*cros"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or characterized by,
acrostics.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cros"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>After the manner
of an acrostic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`ro*tar"si*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; topmost + &?; tarsus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The instep or front of
the tarsus.</def></p>

<p><! p. 18 !></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ro*te*leu"tic</hw> (&abreve;k`r&osl;*t&esl;*l&umacr;"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a`kros</grk> extreme + <grk>teley`th</grk>
end.] <i>(Eccles.)</i> <def>The end of a verse or psalm, or something added
thereto, to be sung by the people, by way of a response.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ro*ter</hw> (&abreve;k`r&osl;*t&etilde;r <i>or</i>
&adot;*kr&omacr;*t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>acrot&egrave;re</i>. See <u>Acroterium</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Acroterium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ro*te"ri*al</hw> (&abreve;k`r&osl;*t&emacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to an acroterium; as,
<i>acroterial</i> ornaments.</def>  <i>P. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`ro*te`ri*um</hw> (-&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Acroteria</b></plw> (&?;). [L., fr. Gr. <grk>'akrwth`rion</grk>
summit, fr. <grk>'a`kros</grk> topmost.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One of the small pedestals, for statues or other ornaments, placed on
the apex and at the basal angles of a pediment. Acroteria are also
sometimes placed upon the gables in Gothic architecture.</def> <i>J. H.
Parker.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the pedestals, for vases or
statues, forming a part roof balustrade.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*crot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an extreme, fr.
&?;.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to or affecting the surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ro*tism</hw> (&abreve;k"r&osl;*t&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. + <grk>kro`tos</grk> a
rattling, beating.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Lack or defect of
pulsation.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*crot"o*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'akro`tomos</grk> cut off sharp; <grk>'a`kros</grk> extreme +
<grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Having a cleavage parallel
with the base.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cryl"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
containing <i>acryl</i>, the hypothetical radical of which acrolein is the
hydride; as, <i>acrylic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Act</hw> (&abreve;kt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>actus</i>, fr.
<i>agere</i> to drive, do: cf. F. <i>acte</i>. See <u>Agent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is done or doing; the exercise of power,
or the effect, of which power exerted is the cause; a performance; a
deed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That best portion of a good man's life,<BR>
His little, nameless, unremembered <i>acts</i><BR>
Of kindness and of love.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Hence, in specific uses: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The result of public
deliberation; the decision or determination of a legislative body, council,
court of justice, etc.; a decree, edit, law, judgment, resolve, award; as,
an <i>act</i> of Parliament, or of Congress.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A formal solemn writing, expressing that something has been
done.</def> <i>Abbott.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A performance of part
of a play; one of the principal divisions of a play or dramatic work in
which a certain definite part of the action is completed.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A thesis maintained in public, in some English
universities, by a candidate for a degree, or to show the proficiency of a
student.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of reality or real existence as opposed
to a possibility or possible existence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The seeds of plants are not at first in <i>act</i>, but in
possibility, what they afterward grow to be.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Process of doing; action. <i>In act</i>, in the
very doing; on the point of (doing).</def> "<i>In act</i> to shoot."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This woman was taken . . . in the very <i>act</i>.<BR>
<i>John viii. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Act of attainder</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See
<u>Attainder</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Act of bankruptcy</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>an act of a debtor which renders him liable to be adjudged a
bankrupt.</cd> -- <col><b>Act of faith</b></col>. <i>(Ch. Hist.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Auto-da-F&eacute;</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Act of God</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an inevitable accident; such extraordinary interruption
of the usual course of events as is not to be looked for in advance, and
against which ordinary prudence could not guard.</cd> --  <col><b>Act of
grace</b></col>, <cd>an expression often used to designate an act declaring
pardon or amnesty to numerous offenders, as at the beginning of a new
reign.</cd> -- <col><b>Act of indemnity</b></col>, <cd>a statute passed for
the protection of those who have committed some illegal act subjecting them
to penalties.</cd> <i>Abbott.</i> -- <col><b>Act in pais</b></col>, <cd>a
thing done out of court (anciently, in <i>the country</i>), and not a
matter of record.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Action</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Act</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Acted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Acting</u>.] [L.
<i>actus</i>, p. p. of <i>agere</i> to drive, lead, do; but influenced by
E. <i>act</i>, n.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move to action; to actuate;
to animate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Self-love, the spring of motion, <i>acts</i> the soul.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perform; to execute; to do.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>That we <i>act</i> our temporal affairs with a desire no
greater than our necessity.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Industry doth beget by producing good habits, and facility
of <i>acting</i> things expedient for us to do.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Uplifted hands that at convenient times<BR>
Could <i>act</i> extortion and the worst of crimes.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To perform, as an actor; to represent
dramatically on the stage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To assume the office or character of; to play;
to personate; as, to <i>act</i> the hero.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To feign or counterfeit; to simulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>acted</i> fear the villain thus pursued.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To act a part</b></col>, <cd>to sustain the part of one of the
characters in a play; hence, to simulate; to dissemble.</cd> -- <col><b>To
act the part of</b></col>, <cd>to take the character of; to fulfill the
duties of.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Act</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exert
power; to produce an effect; as, the stomach <i>acts</i> upon
food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perform actions; to fulfill functions; to put
forth energy; to move, as opposed to remaining at rest; to carry into
effect a determination of the will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hangs between, in doubt to <i>act</i> or rest.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To behave or conduct, as in morals, private
duties, or public offices; to bear or deport one's self; as, we know not
why he has <i>acted</i> so.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To perform on the stage; to represent a
character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To show the world how Garrick did not <i>act</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To act as</b></col> or <col><b>for</b></col>, <cd>to do the work
of; to serve as.</cd> -- <col><b>To act on</b></col>, <cd>to regulate one's
conduct according to.</cd> -- <col><b>To act up to</b></col>, <cd>to equal
in action; to fulfill in practice; as, he has <i>acted up to</i> his
engagement or his advantages.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Act"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
acted.</def>
 <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ti*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, ray.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the part of a radiate animal which
contains the mouth.</def>  <i>L. Agassiz.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`ti*na"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?;, &?;, ray.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large division of Anthozoa,
including those which have simple tentacles and do not form stony corals.
Sometimes, in a wider sense, applied to all the Anthozoa, expert the
Alcyonaria, whether forming corals or not.</def></p>

<p><hw>Act"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Operating in any way.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Doing duty for another; officiating; as, an
<i>acting</i> superintendent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac*tin"i*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Actini&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;), E. <plw><b>Actinias</b></plw> (&?;).
[Latinized fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, ray.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An animal of the class Anthozoa, and family <i>Actinid&aelig;</i>.
From a resemblance to flowers in form and color, they are often called
<i>animal flowers</i> and <i>sea anemones</i>. [See <u>Polyp</u>.].</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A genus in the family
<i>Actinid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*tin"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
actinism; as, <i>actinic</i> rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*tin"i*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, ray +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having a radiated form, like a sea anemone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tin*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?; ray.]
<def>The property of radiant energy (found chiefly in solar or electric
light) by which chemical changes are produced, as in photography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*tin"i*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, ray.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A supposed metal, said by Phipson to be contained in
commercial zinc; -- so called because certain of its compounds are darkened
by exposure to light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ti*no-chem"is*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Chemistry
in its relations to actinism.</def>  <i>Draper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*tin"o*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, ray +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring and recording the
variations in the <i>actinic</i> or chemical force of rays of light.</def>
<i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tin*oid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, ray +
<i>-oid</i>.] <def>Having the form of rays; radiated, as an
actinia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*tin"o*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, ray +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A bright green variety of amphibole
occurring usually in fibrous or columnar masses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`tin*o*lit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Of the nature of, or containing, actinolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ti*nol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, ray +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats of rays of light, especially
of the actinic or chemical rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*tin"o*mere</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, ray +
&?; part.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the radial segments composing
the body of one of the C&oelig;lenterata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ti*nom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, ray
+ <i>-meter</i>] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument for measuring the
direct heating power of the sun's rays.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
instrument for measuring the actinic effect of rays of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ti*no*met"ric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the measurement of the intensity of the solar rays, either <i>(a)</i>
heating, or <i>(b)</i> actinic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ti*nom"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The measurement of the force of solar radiation.</def>
<i>Maury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The measurement of the chemical or actinic
energy of light.</def>  <i>Abney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ti*noph"o*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
ray + &?; to bear.] <def>Having straight projecting spines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*tin"o*some</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; ray + &?;
body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The entire body of a
c&oelig;lenterate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tin*ost</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, ray + &?;
bone.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the bones at the base of a paired fin of
a fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*tin"o*stome</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a ray
+ &?; mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The mouth or anterior opening of a
c&oelig;lenterate animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`ti*not"ro*cha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr.
&?;, &?;, a ray + &?; a ring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A peculiar larval
form of <i>Phoronis</i>, a genus of marine worms, having a circle of
ciliated tentacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac"ti*no*zo"a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
ray + <grk>zw^on</grk> animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
C&oelig;lenterata, comprising the Anthozoa and Ctenophora. The sea anemone,
or actinia, is a familiar example.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`ti*no*zo"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Actinozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac"ti*no*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Actinozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac*tin"u*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, a ray.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of embryo of certain
hydroids (<i>Tubularia</i>), having a stellate form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>action</i>, L.
<i>actio</i>, fr. <i>agere</i> to do. See <u>Act</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A process or condition of acting or moving, as opposed to rest; the
doing of something; exertion of power or force, as when one body acts on
another; the effect of power exerted on one body by another; agency;
activity; operation; as, the <i>action</i> of heat; a man of
<i>action</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One wise in council, one in <i>action</i> brave.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act; a thing done; a deed; an enterprise.
(pl.):    Habitual deeds; hence, conduct; behavior; demeanor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord is a Good of knowledge, and by him <i>actions</i>
are weighed.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. ii. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The event or connected series of events, either
real or imaginary, forming the subject of a play, poem, or other
composition; the unfolding of the drama of events.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Movement; as, the horse has a spirited
<i>action</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Effective motion; also,
mechanism; as, the breech <i>action</i> of a gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Any one of the active
processes going on in an organism; the performance of a function; as, the
<i>action</i> of the heart, the muscles, or the gastric juice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Orat.)</i> <def>Gesticulation; the external
deportment of the speaker, or the suiting of his attitude, voice, gestures,
and countenance, to the subject, or to the feelings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Paint. &amp; Sculp.)</i> <def>The attitude or
position of the several parts of the body as expressive of the sentiment or
passion depicted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A suit or
process, by which a demand is made of a right in a court of justice; in a
broad sense, a judicial proceeding for the enforcement or protection of a
right, the redress or prevention of a wrong, or the punishment of a public
offense.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A right of action; as, the law
gives an <i>action</i> for every claim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A share in the capital stock of a
joint-stock company, or in the public funds; hence, in the plural,
equivalent to stocks.</def> [A Gallicism] [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Euripus of funds and <i>actions</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>An engagement between troops in war, whether on
land or water; a battle; a fight; as, a general <i>action</i>, a partial
<i>action</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Music)</i> <def>The mechanical contrivance by
means of which the impulse of the player's finger is transmitted to the
strings of a pianoforte or to the valve of an organ pipe.</def>
<i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chose in action</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See
<u>Chose</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Quantity of action</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the product of the mass of a body by the space it
runs through, and its velocity.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Action</u>, <u>Act</u>.  In many cases <i>action</i>
and <i>act</i> are synonymous; but some distinction is observable.
<i>Action</i> involves the mode or process of acting, and is usually viewed
as occupying some time in doing. <i>Act</i> has more reference to the
effect, or the operation as complete.</p>

<p><blockquote>To poke the fire is an <i>act</i>, to reconcile friends who
have quarreled is a praiseworthy <i>action</i>.</blockquote><BR>
<i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tion*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>actionabilis</i>. See <u>Action</u>.] <def>That may be the subject of an
action or suit at law; as, to call a man a thief is
<i>actionable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tion*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an actionable
manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ac"tion*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ac"tion*ist</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>actionnaire</i>.] <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A
shareholder in joint-stock company.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac"tion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Void of
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ti*vate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
active.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>actif</i>, L.
<i>activus</i>, fr. <i>agere</i> to act.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
the power or quality of acting; causing change; communicating action or
motion; acting; -- opposed to <i>passive</i>, that receives; as, certain
<i>active</i> principles; the powers of the mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Quick in physical movement; of an agile and
vigorous body; nimble; as, an <i>active</i> child or animal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Active</i> and nervous was his gait.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In action; actually proceeding; working; in
force; -- opposed to <i>quiescent</i>, <i>dormant</i>, or <i>extinct</i>;
as, <i>active</i> laws; <i>active</i> hostilities; an <i>active</i>
volcano.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Given to action; constantly engaged in action;
energetic; diligent; busy; -- opposed to <i>dull</i>, <i>sluggish</i>,
<i>indolent</i>, or <i>inert</i>; as, an <i>active</i> man of business;
<i>active</i> mind; <i>active</i> zeal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Requiring or implying action or exertion; --
opposed to <i>sedentary</i> or to <i>tranquil</i>; as, <i>active</i>
employment or service; <i>active</i> scenes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Given to action rather than contemplation;
practical; operative; -- opposed to <i>speculative</i> or
<i>theoretical</i>; as, an <i>active</i> rather than a speculative
statesman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Brisk; lively; as, an <i>active</i> demand for
corn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Implying or producing rapid action; as, an
<i>active</i> disease; an <i>active</i> remedy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Applied to a
form of the verb; -- opposed to <i>passive</i>. See <i>Active voice</i>,
under <u>Voice</u>. </def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Applied to verbs which
assert that the subject acts upon or affects something else;
transitive.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Applied to all verbs that
express action as distinct from mere <i>existence</i> or state.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Active capital</b></col>, <col><b>Active wealth</b></col>,
<cd>money, or property that may readily be converted into money.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Agile; alert; brisk; vigorous; nimble; lively; quick;
sprightly; prompt; energetic.</p>

<p><hw>Ac"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
an active manner; nimbly; briskly; energetically; also, by one's own
action; voluntarily, not passively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>In an active signification; as, a
word used   <i>actively</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
active; nimbleness; quickness of motion; activity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*tiv"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Activities</b></plw> (&?;). [Cf. F. <i>activit&eacute;</i>, LL.
<i>activitas</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being active; nimbleness;
agility; vigorous action or operation; energy; active force; as, an
increasing variety of human <i>activities</i>.</def> "The <i>activity</i>
of toil."  <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Liveliness; briskness; quickness.</p>

<p><hw>Act"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without action or
spirit.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac"ton</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>aketon</i>,
<i>auqueton</i>, F. <i>hoqueton</i>, a quilted jacket, fr. Sp.
<i>alcoton</i>, <i>algodon</i>, cotton. Cf. <u>Cotton</u>.] <def>A stuffed
jacket worn under the mail, or (later) a jacket plated with mail.</def>
[Spelled also <i>hacqueton</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell. Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>actor</i>, fr.
<i>agere</i> to act.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who acts, or takes part
in any affair; a doer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A theatrical performer; a stageplayer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After a well graced <i>actor</i> leaves the stage.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An advocate or
proctor in civil courts or causes.</def> <i>Jacobs.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One who institutes a suit; plaintiff or complainant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`tress</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>actrice</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A female actor or doer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A female stageplayer; a woman who acts a
part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tu*al</hw> (#; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>actuel</i>, F.
<i>actuel</i>, L. <i>actualis</i>, fr. <i>agere</i> to do, act.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Involving or comprising action; active.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her walking and other <i>actual</i> performances.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Let your holy and pious intention be <i>actual</i>; that is
. . . by a special prayer or action, . . . given to God.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Existing in act or reality; really acted or
acting; in fact; real; -- opposed to <i>potential</i>, <i>possible</i>,
<i>virtual</i>, <i>speculative</i>, <i>conceivable</i>, <i>theoretical</i>,
or <i>nominal</i>; as, the <i>actual</i> cost of goods; the <i>actual</i>
case under discussion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In action at the time being; now exiting;
present; as the <i>actual</i> situation of the country.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Actual cautery</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cautery</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Actual sin</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>that kind of sin which is
done by ourselves in contradistinction to "<i>original sin</i>."</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Real; genuine; positive; certain.  See <u>Real</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 19  !></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tu*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Finance)</i>
<def>Something actually received; real, as distinct from estimated,
receipts.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><blockquote>The accounts of revenues supplied . . . were not real
receipts: not, in financial language, "<i>actuals</i>," but only Egyptian
budget estimates.<BR>
<i>Fortnightly Review.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tu*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who deals with or
considers actually existing facts and conditions, rather than fancies or
theories; -- opposed to <i>idealist</i>.</def>  <i>J. Grote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`tu*al"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Actualities</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The state of being actual;
reality; as, the <i>actuality</i> of God's nature.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`tu*al*i*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A making
actual or really existent.</def> [R.]  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tu*al*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
actual; to realize in action.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tu*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Actively.</def> [Obs.] "Neither <i>actually</i> . . . nor passively."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In act or in fact; really; in truth;
positively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tu*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
actual; actuality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`tu*a"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to actuaries; as, the <i>actuarial</i> value of an annuity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tu*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Actuaries</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>actuarius</i> copyist, clerk, fr.
<i>actus</i>, p. p. of <i>agere</i> to do, act.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A registrar or clerk; -- used originally in courts of
civil law jurisdiction, but in Europe used for a clerk or registrar
generally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The computing official of an insurance company;
one whose profession it is to calculate for insurance companies the risks
and premiums for life, fire, and other insurances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tu*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Actuated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Actuating</u> (&?;).] [LL. <i>actuatus</i>, p. p. of <i>actuare</i>, fr.
L. <i>actus</i> act.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put into action or motion;
to move or incite to action; to influence actively; to move as motives do;
-- more commonly used of persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wings, which others were contriving to <i>actuate</i> by the
perpetual motion.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of the greatest abilities are most fired with ambition;
and, on the contrary, mean and narrow minds are the least <i>actuated</i>
by it.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry out in practice; to perform.</def>
[Obs.] "To <i>actuate</i> what you command."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To move; impel; incite; rouse; instigate; animate.</p>

<p><hw>Ac"tu*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>actuatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>actuare</i>.] <def>Put in action; actuated.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`tu*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>actuatio</i>.] <def>A bringing into action; movement.</def>  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tu*a`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who actuates,
or puts into action.</def> [R.]  <i>Melville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"tu*ose`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>actuosus</i>.]
<def>Very active.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac`tu*os"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Abundant
activity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"ture</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Action.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac*tu"ri*ence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A desid. of L.
<i>agere</i>, <i>actum</i>, to act.] <def>Tendency or impulse to act.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Acturience</i>, or desire of action, in one form or
another, whether as restlessness, ennui, dissatisfaction, or the
imagination of something desirable.<BR>
<i>J. Grote.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ac"u*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>acus</i>
needle.] <def>To sharpen; to make pungent; to quicken.</def> [Obs.] "[To]
<i>acuate</i> the blood."  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac"u*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sharpened; sharp-
pointed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`u*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
sharpening.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac`u*i"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acutus</i>, as
if <i>acuitus</i>, p. p. of <i>acuere</i> to sharpen.] <def>The act of
sharpening.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*cu"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>acuitas</i>: cf.
F. <i>acuit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Sharpness or acuteness, as of a needle, wit,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cu"le*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aculeatus</i>,
fr. <i>aculeus</i>, dim. of <i>acus</i> needle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a sting; covered with prickles; sharp like
a prickle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having prickles, or sharp points;
beset with prickles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Severe or stinging; incisive.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cu"le*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a sharp
point; armed with prickles; prickly; aculeate.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cu"le*i*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
prickle.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cu"le*o*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aculeolus</i>
little needle.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having small prickles or sharp
points.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cu"le*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Aculeate.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*cu"le*us</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aculei</b></plw> (&?;). [L., dim. of <i>acus</i> needle.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A prickle growing on the bark, as in
some brambles and roses.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sting.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cu"men</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acumen</i>, fr.
<i>acuere</i> to sharpen. Cf. <u>Acute</u>.] <def>Quickness of perception
or discernment; penetration of mind; the faculty of nice
discrimination.</def>  <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sharpness; sagacity; keenness; shrewdness; acuteness.</p>

<p><hw>A*cu"mi*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acuminatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>acuminare</i> to sharpen, fr. <i>acumen</i>. See
<u>Acumen</u>.] <def>Tapering to a point; pointed; as, <i>acuminate</i>
leaves, teeth, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cu"mi*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
sharp or keen.</def> [R.] "To <i>acuminate</i> even despair."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cu"mi*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To end in, or come
to, a sharp point.</def> "<i>Acuminating</i> in a cone of prelacy."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cu`mi*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharpening;
termination in a sharp point; a tapering point.</def>  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cu"mi*nose`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Terminating in a
flat, narrow end.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cu"mi*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
acumen; keen.</def>  <i>Highmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`u*pres"sure</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acus</i>
needle + <i>premere</i>, <i>pressum</i>, to press.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A
mode of arresting hemorrhage resulting from wounds or surgical operations,
by passing under the divided vessel a needle, the ends of which are left
exposed externally on the cutaneous surface.</def>  <i>Simpson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ac`u*punc`tu*ra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Acupuncture</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`u*punc"ture</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acus</i>
needle + <i>punctura</i> a pricking, fr. <i>pungere</i> to prick: cf. F.
<i>acuponcture</i>.] <def>Pricking with a needle; a needle prick.</def>
Specifically <i>(Med.)</i>: <def>The insertion of needles into the living
tissues for remedial purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`u*punc"ture</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat
with acupuncture.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cus"tum*aunce</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Accustomance</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*cut"an`gu*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acute-
angled.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cute"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acutus</i>, p. p. of
<i>acuere</i> to sharpen, fr. a root <i>ak</i> to be sharp. Cf.
<u>Ague</u>, <u>Cute</u>, <u>Edge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sharp at
the end; ending in a sharp point; pointed; -- opposed to <i>blunt</i> or
<i>obtuse</i>; as, an <i>acute</i> angle; an <i>acute</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having nice discernment; perceiving or using
minute distinctions; penetrating; clever; shrewd; -- opposed to <i>dull</i>
or <i>stupid</i>; as, an <i>acute</i> observer; <i>acute</i> remarks, or
reasoning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having nice or quick sensibility; susceptible to
slight impressions; acting keenly on the senses; sharp; keen; intense; as,
a man of <i>acute</i> eyesight, hearing, or feeling; <i>acute</i> pain or
pleasure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>High, or shrill, in respect to some other sound;
-- opposed to <i>grave</i> or <i>low</i>; as, an <i>acute</i> tone or
accent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Attended with symptoms of some
degree of severity, and coming speedily to a crisis; -- opposed to
<i>chronic</i>; as, an <i>acute</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Acute angle</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>an angle less than a
right angle.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Subtile; ingenious; sharp; keen; penetrating; sagacious;
sharp-witted; shrewd; discerning; discriminating. See <u>Subtile</u>.</p>

<p><hw>A*cute"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give an acute sound
to; as, he <i>acutes</i> his rising inflection too much.</def> [R.]
<i>Walker.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*cute"-an`gled</hw> (-&abreve;&nsm;"g'ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having acute angles; as, an <i>acute-angled</i> triangle, a triangle
with every one of its angles less than a right angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cute"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an acute manner;
sharply; keenly; with nice discrimination.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cute"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality of being acute or pointed; sharpness; as, the <i>acuteness</i> of
an angle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The faculty of nice discernment or perception;
acumen; keenness; sharpness; sensitiveness; -- applied to the senses, or
the understanding. By <i>acuteness</i> of feeling, we perceive small
objects or slight impressions: by <i>acuteness</i> of intellect, we discern
nice distinctions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps, also, he felt his professional <i>acuteness</i>
interested in bringing it to a successful close.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Shrillness; high pitch; -- said of
sounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Violence of a disease, which
brings it speedily to a crisis.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Penetration; sagacity; keenness; ingenuity; shrewdness;
subtlety; sharp-wittedness.</p>

<p><hw>A*cu`ti*fo"li*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acutus</i>
sharp + <i>folium</i> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having sharp-pointed
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cu`ti*lo"bate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>acutus</i>
sharp + E. <i>lobe</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having acute lobes, as some
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ad-</hw> (&?;). [A Latin preposition, signifying <i>to</i>. See
<u>At</u>.] <def>As a prefix <i>ad-</i> assumes the forms <i>ac-</i>,
<i>af-</i>, <i>ag-</i>, <i>al-</i>, <i>an-</i>, <i>ap-</i>, <i>ar-</i>,
<i>as-</i>, <i>at-</i>, assimilating the <i>d</i> with the first letter of
the word to which <i>ad-</i> is prefixed. It remains unchanged before
vowels, and before <i>d</i>, <i>h</i>, <i>j</i>, <i>m</i>, <i>v</i>.
Examples: <i>ad</i>duce, <i>ad</i>here, <i>ad</i>jacent, <i>ad</i>mit,
<i>ad</i>vent, <i>ac</i>cord, <i>af</i>fect, <i>ag</i>gregate,
<i>al</i>lude, <i>an</i>nex, <i>ap</i>pear, etc. It becomes <i>ac-</i>
before <i>qu</i>, as in <i>ac</i>quiesce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*act"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>adactus</i>, p.
p. of <i>adigere</i>.] <def>To compel; to drive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*dac"tyl</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; finger.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Without fingers or without
toes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Without claws on the feet (of
crustaceous animals).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>adage</i>, fr. L.
<i>adagium</i>; <i>ad</i> + the root of L. <i>aio</i> I say.] <def>An old
saying, which has obtained credit by long use; a proverb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Letting "I dare not" wait upon "I would,"<BR>
Like the poor cat i' the <i>adage</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Axiom; maxim; aphorism; proverb; saying; saw; apothegm.
See <u>Axiom</u>.</p>

<p><hw>A*da"gi*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to an
adage; proverbial.</def> "<i>Adagial</i> verse."  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*da"gio</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It.
<i>adagio</i>; <i>ad</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) at + <i>agio</i> convenience,
leisure, ease. See <u>Agio</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Slow; slowly,
leisurely, and gracefully. When repeated, <i>adagio</i>, <i>adagio</i>, it
directs the movement to be very slow.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*da"gio</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piece of music in
<i>adagio</i> time; a slow movement; as, an <i>adagio</i> of
Haydn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"am</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
name given in the Bible to the first man, the progenitor of the human
race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(As a symbol)</i> <def>"Original sin;" human
frailty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And whipped the offending <i>Adam</i> out of him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Adam's ale</b></col>, <cd>water.</cd> [Coll.] -- <col><b>Adam's
apple</b></col>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
species of banana (<i>Musa paradisiaca</i>). It attains a height of twenty
feet or more.</cd> <i>Paxton.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A species of lime
(<i>Citris limetta</i>).</cd> <sn><b>2.</b></sn> <cd>The projection formed
by the thyroid cartilage in the neck. It is particularly prominent in
males, and is so called from a notion that it was caused by the forbidden
fruit (an apple) sticking in the throat of our first parent.</cd> --
<col><b>Adam's flannel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the mullein
(<i>Verbascum thapsus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Adam's needle</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the popular name of a genus (<i>Yucca</i>) of liliaceous
plants.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ad"a*mant</hw> (&abreve;d"&adot;*m&abreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>adamaunt</i>, <i>adamant</i>, diamond, magnet, OF. <i>adamant</i>,
L. <i>adamas</i>, <i>adamantis</i>, the hardest metal, fr. Gr.
<grk>'ada`mas</grk>, <grk>-antos</grk>; <grk>'a</grk> priv. +
<grk>dama^,n</grk> to tame, subdue. In OE., from confusion with L.
<i>adamare</i> to love, be attached to, the word meant also <i>magnet</i>,
as in OF. and LL. See <u>Diamond</u>, <u>Tame</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A stone imagined by some to be of impenetrable hardness; a name given
to the diamond and other substances of extreme hardness; but in modern
mineralogy it has no technical signification. It is now a rhetorical or
poetical name for the embodiment of impenetrable hardness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Opposed the rocky orb<BR>
Of tenfold <i>adamant</i>, his ample shield.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lodestone; magnet.</def> [Obs.] "A great
<i>adamant</i> of acquaintance."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As true to thee as steel to <i>adamant</i>.<BR>
<i>Greene.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad`a*man*te"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adamant&emacr;us</i>.] <def>Of adamant; hard as adamant.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`a*man"tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adamantinus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made of adamant, or
having the qualities of adamant; incapable of being broken, dissolved, or
penetrated; as, <i>adamantine</i> bonds or chains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Like the diamond in hardness or
luster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`am*bu*la"cral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ad</i> + E.
<i>ambulacral</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Next to the ambulacra; as, the
<i>adambulacral</i> ossicles of the starfish.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*dam"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*dam"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Adam, or resembling
him.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Adamic earth</b></col>, <cd>a name given to common red clay,
from a notion that <i>Adam</i> means <i>red earth</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ad"am*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Adam</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A descendant of Adam; a human being.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect of
visionaries, who, professing to imitate the state of Adam, discarded the
use of dress in their assemblies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"am's ap"ple</hw> (&?;). <def>See under <u>Adam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dance"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Dancing.</def>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dan"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Dangling.</def>
<i>Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ad`an*so"ni*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Adanson</i>, a French botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of great
trees related to the Bombax. There are two species, <i>A. digitata</i>, the
baobab or monkey-bread of Africa and India, and <i>A. Gregorii</i>, the
sour gourd or cream-of-tartar tree of Australia.  Both have a trunk of
moderate height, but of enormous diameter, and a wide-spreading head. The
fruit is oblong, and filled with pleasantly acid pulp. The wood is very
soft, and the bark is used by the natives for making ropes and cloth.</def>
<i>D. C. Eaton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dapt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fitted; suited.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dapt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adapted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adapting</u>.] [L. <i>adaptare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>aptare</i> to fit;
cf. F. <i>adapter</i>. See <u>Apt</u>, <u>Adept</u>.] <def>To make
suitable; to fit, or suit; to adjust; to alter so as to fit for a new use;
-- sometimes followed by <i>to</i> or <i>for</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For nature, always in the right,<BR>
To your decays <i>adapts</i> my sight.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Appeals <i>adapted</i> to his [man's] whole nature.<BR>
<i>Angus.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Streets ill <i>adapted</i> for the residence of wealthy
persons.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*dapt`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*dapt"a*ble*ness</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being adaptable;
suitableness.</def> "General <i>adaptability</i> for every purpose."
<i>Farrar.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dapt"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
adapted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`ap*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>adaptation</i>, LL. <i>adaptatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or process of adapting, or fitting; or the state of being adapted or
fitted; fitness.</def> "<i>Adaptation</i> of the means to the end."
<i>Erskine.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The result of adapting; an adapted
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dapt"a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adaptive.</def>
<i>Stubbs.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dapt"ed*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being adapted; suitableness; special fitness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dapt"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who adapts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A connecting tube; an
adopter.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dap"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Adaptation.</def>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dapt"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suited, given, or
tending, to adaptation; characterized by adaptation; capable of
adapting.</def> <i>Coleridge.</i>  -- <wf>A*dapt"ive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*dapt"ive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
adaptive; capacity to adapt.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dapt"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a suitable
manner.</def> [R.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dapt"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Adaptedness.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad`ap*to"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adaptive.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>||A"dar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>ad&auml;r</i>.]
<def>The twelfth month of the Hebrew ecclesiastical year, and the sixth of
the civil. It corresponded nearly with March.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*dar"ce</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adarce</i>,
<i>adarca</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>A saltish concretion on reeds and grass in
marshy grounds in Galatia. It is soft and porous, and was formerly used for
cleansing the skin from freckles and tetters, and also in leprosy.</def>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ad"a*tis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fine cotton cloth
of India.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*daunt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>adaunten</i> to
overpower, OF. <i>adonter</i>; <i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) +
<i>donter</i>, F. <i>dompter</i>. See <u>Daunt</u>.] <def>To daunt; to
subdue; to mitigate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*daw"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>adawe</i> of
dawe, AS. <i>of dagum</i> from days, <i>i. e.</i>, from life, out of life.]
<def>To subdue; to daunt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sight whereof did greatly him <i>adaw</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*daw"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>adawen</i> to
wake; pref. <i>a-</i> (cf. Goth. <i>us</i>-, Ger. <i>er</i>-) +
<i>dawen</i>, <i>dagon</i>, to dawn. See <u>Daw</u>.] <def>To awaken; to
arouse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man that waketh of his sleep<BR>
He may not suddenly well taken keep<BR>
Upon a thing, ne seen it parfitly<BR>
Till that he be <i>adawed</i> verily.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*days"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> (for
<i>on</i>) + <i>day</i>; the final <i>s</i> was orig. a genitive ending,
afterwards forming adverbs.] <def>By day, or every day; in the
daytime.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ad cap*tan"dum</hw> (&?;). [L., for catching.] <def>A phrase used
adjectively sometimes of meretricious attempts to catch or win popular
favor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Add</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Added</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adding</u>.] [L. <i>addere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>dare</i> to give, put.
Cf. <u>Date</u>, <u>Do</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give by way of
increased possession (<i>to</i> any one); to bestow (<i>on</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord shall <i>add</i> to me another son.<BR>
<i>Gen. xxx. 24.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 20 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To join or unite, as one thing to another, or as
several particulars, so as to increase the number, augment the quantity,
enlarge the magnitude, or so as to form into one aggregate. Hence: To sum
up; to put together mentally; as, to <i>add</i> numbers; to <i>add</i> up a
column.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Back to thy punishment,<BR>
False fugitive, and to thy speed <i>add</i> wings.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As easily as he can <i>add</i> together the ideas of two
days or two years.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To append, as a statement; to say
further.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>added</i> that he would willingly consent to the
entire abolition of the tax.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>To Add</u>, <u>Join</u>, <u>Annex</u>, <u>Unite</u>,
<u>Coalesce</u>. We <i>add</i> by bringing things together so as to form a
whole. We <i>join</i> by putting one thing to another in close or continuos
connection. We <i>annex</i> by attaching some adjunct to a larger body. We
<i>unite</i> by bringing things together so that their parts adhere or
intermingle. Things <i>coalesce</i> by coming together or mingling so as to
form one organization. To <i>add</i> quantities; to join houses; to
<i>annex</i> territory; to <i>unite</i> kingdoms; to make parties
<i>coalesce</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Add</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make an addition. <i>To add to</i>, to augment; to increase; as, it
<i>adds</i> to our anxiety.</def> "I will <i>add</i> to your yoke."  <i>1
Kings xii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perform the arithmetical operation of
addition; as, he <i>adds</i> rapidly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Add"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Add</i>, v. + <i>-
able</i>.] <def>Addible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"dax</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the largest African antelopes
(<i>Hippotragus, or Oryx, nasomaculatus</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is now believed to be the <i>Strepsiceros</i> (twisted horn)
of the ancients. By some it is thought to be the <i>pygarg</i> of the
Bible.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*deem"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>deem</i>.] <def>To award; to adjudge.</def> [Obs.] "Unto him they did
<i>addeem</i> the prise."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ad*den"dum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Addenda</b></plw> (&?;). [L., fr. <i>addere</i> to add.] <def>A
thing to be added; an appendix or addition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Addendum circle</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the circle which
may be described around a circular spur wheel or gear wheel, touching the
crests or tips of the teeth.</cd>  <i>Rankine.</i></p>

<p><hw>Add"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Add</u>.] <def>One
who, or that which, adds; esp., a machine for adding numbers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>addere</i>,
<i>naddere</i>, <i>eddre</i>, AS. <i>n&aelig;dre</i>, adder, snake; akin to
OS. <i>nadra</i>, OHG. <i>natra</i>, <i>natara</i>, Ger. <i>natter</i>,
Goth. <i>nadrs</i>, Icel. <i>na&eth;r</i>, masc., <i>na&eth;ra</i>, fem.:
cf. W. <i>neidr</i>, Gorn. <i>naddyr</i>, Ir. <i>nathair</i>, L.
<i>natrix</i>, water snake. <i>An adder</i> is for <i>a nadder</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A serpent.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>eddre</i> seide to
the woman."  <i>Wyclif. Gen. iii. 4.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
venomous serpent of the genus <i>Vipera</i>. The common European adder is
the <i>Vipera (or Pelias) berus</i>. The puff adders of Africa are species
of <i>Clotho</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In America, the term is
commonly applied to several harmless snakes, as the <i>milk adder</i>,
<i>puffing adder</i>, etc.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Sea
Adder</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the sculptures the appellation is given to several venomous
serpents, -- sometimes to the horned viper (<i>Cerastles</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Ad"der fly</hw> (&?;). <def>A dragon fly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"der's-tongue`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of ferns (<i>Ophioglossum</i>), whose
seeds are produced on a spike resembling a serpent's tongue.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The yellow dogtooth violet.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"der*wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
common bistort or snakeweed (<i>Polygonum bistorta</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Add`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quantity of
being addible; capability of addition.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Add"i*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
added.</def> "<i>Addible</i> numbers."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"dice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Adze</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*dict"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Addicted;
devoted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*dict"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Addicted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Addicting</u>.] [L. <i>addictus</i>, p. p. of <i>addicere</i> to
adjudge, devote; <i>ad</i> + <i>dicere</i> to say. See <u>Diction</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To apply habitually; to devote; to habituate; --
with <i>to</i>.</def> "They <i>addict</i> themselves to the civil law."
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is <i>addicted</i> to his study.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That part of mankind that <i>addict</i> their minds to
speculations.<BR>
<i>Adventurer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His genius <i>addicted</i> him to the study of
antiquity.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A man gross . . . and <i>addicted</i> to low company.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adapt; to make suitable; to fit.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The land about is exceedingly <i>addicted</i> to wood, but
the coldness of the place hinders the growth.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Addict</u>, <u>Devote</u>, <u>Consecrate</u>,
<u>Dedicate</u>. <i>Addict</i> was formerly used in a good sense; as,
<i>addicted</i> to letters; but is now mostly employed in a bad sense or an
indifferent one; as, <i>addicted</i> to vice; <i>addicted</i> to sensual
indulgence. "<i>Addicted</i> to staying at home." <i>J. S. Mill.</i>
<i>Devote</i> is always taken in a good sense, expressing habitual
earnestness in the pursuit of some favorite object; as, <i>devoted</i> to
science. <i>Consecrate</i> and <i>dedicate</i> express devotion of a higher
kind, involving religious sentiment; as, <i>consecrated</i> to the service
of the church; <i>dedicated</i> to God.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*dict"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being addicted; attachment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*dic"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>addictio</i>
an adjudging.] <def>The state of being addicted; devotion;
inclination.</def> "His <i>addiction</i> was to courses vain."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"di*son's dis*ease"</hw> (&?;). [Named from Thomas Addison, M. D.,
of London, who first described it.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition
causing a peculiar brownish discoloration of the skin, and thought, at one
time, to be due to disease of the suprarenal capsules (two flat triangular
bodies covering the upper part of the kidneys), but now known not to be
dependent upon this causes exclusively. It is usually fatal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*dit"a*ment</hw> (&abreve;d*d&ibreve;t"&adot;*m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>additamentum</i>, fr. <i>additus</i>, p. p. of
<i>addere</i> to add.] <def>An addition, or a thing added.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My persuasion that the latter verses of the chapter were an
<i>additament</i> of a later age.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*di"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>addition</i>, L.
<i>additio</i>, fr. <i>addere</i> to add.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of adding two or more things together; -- opposed to <i>subtraction</i> or
<i>diminution</i>.</def> "This endless <i>addition</i> or addibility of
numbers."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything added; increase; augmentation; as, a
piazza is an <i>addition</i> to a building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>That part of arithmetic which
treats of adding numbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A dot at the right side of a note
as an indication that its sound is to be lengthened one half.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A title annexed to a man's name, to
identify him more precisely; as, John Doe, <i>Esq</i>.; Richard Roe,
<i>Gent</i>.; Robert Dale, <i>Mason</i>; Thomas Way, <i>of New York</i>; a
mark of distinction; a title.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Something added to a coat of arms,
as a mark of honor; -- opposed to <i>abatement</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vector addition</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>that kind of
addition of two lines, or vectors, AB and BC, by which their sum is
regarded as the line, or vector, AC.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Increase; accession; augmentation; appendage;
adjunct.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*di"tion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Added;
supplemental; in the way of an addition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*di"tion*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something added.</def>
[R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*di"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
addition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*di"tion*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Additional.</def> [R.]  <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`di*ti"tious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>addititius</i>, fr. <i>addere</i>.] <def>Additive.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir J.
Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"di*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>additivus</i>.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>Proper to be added; positive; -- opposed to
<i>subtractive</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"di*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to add;
making some addition.</def> [R.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>adel</i>, AS.
<i>adela</i>, mud.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Liquid filth; mire.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lees; dregs.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having lost the power of
development, and become rotten, as eggs; putrid. Hence: Unfruitful or
confused, as brains; muddled.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Addled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Addling</u> (&?;).] <def>To make addle; to grow addle; to muddle; as, he
<i>addled</i> his brain.</def> "Their eggs were <i>addled</i>."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>adlen</i>,
<i>adilen</i>, to gain, acquire; prob. fr. Icel. <i>&ouml;&eth;lask</i> to
acquire property, akin to <i>o&eth;al</i> property. Cf. <u>Allodial</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To earn by labor.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrive or grow; to ripen.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Kill ivy, else tree will <i>addle</i> no more.<BR>
<i>Tusser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ad"dle-brain`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ad"dle-head`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ad"dle-
pate</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A foolish or dull-witted
fellow.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ad"dle-brained`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ad"dle-head`ed</hw> (&?;),
<hw>Ad"dle-pa`ted</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dull-witted;
stupid.</def> "The <i>addle-brained</i> Oberstein."  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dull and <i>addle-pated</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad"dle-pa`ted*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Stupidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"dlings</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See <u>Addle</u>, to
earn.] <def>Earnings.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*doom"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>doom</i>.] <def>To adjudge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*dorsed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>dorsum</i>, back: cf. F. <i>adoss&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Set
or turned back to back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*dress"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Addressed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Addressing</u>.] [OE. <i>adressen</i> to raise erect, adorn, OF.
<i>adrecier</i>, to straighten, address, F. <i>adresser</i>, fr.
<i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + OF. <i>drecier</i>, F. <i>dresser</i>, to
straighten, arrange. See <u>Dress</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To aim; to direct.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And this good knight his way with me <i>addrest</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prepare or make ready.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His foe was soon <i>addressed</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Turnus <i>addressed</i> his men to single fight.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The five foolish virgins <i>addressed</i> themselves at the
noise of the bridegroom's coming.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Reflexively: To prepare one's self; to apply
one's skill or energies (<i>to</i> some object); to betake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These men <i>addressed</i> themselves to the task.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To clothe or array; to dress.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tecla . . . <i>addressed</i> herself in man's apparel.<BR>
<i>Jewel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To direct, as words (<i>to</i> any one or any
thing); to make, as a speech, petition, etc. (<i>to</i> any one, an
audience).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The young hero had <i>addressed</i> his players to him for
his assistance.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To direct speech to; to make a communication to,
whether spoken or written; to apply to by words, as by a speech, petition,
etc., to speak to; to accost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Are not your orders to <i>address</i> the senate?<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The representatives of the nation <i>addressed</i> the
king.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To direct in writing, as a letter; to
superscribe, or to direct and transmit; as, he <i>addressed</i> a
letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To make suit to as a lover; to court; to
woo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To consign or intrust to the care
of another, as agent or factor; as, the ship was <i>addressed</i> to a
merchant in Baltimore.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To address one's self to</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
prepare one's self for; to apply one's self to.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To direct one's speech or discourse to.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ad*dress"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To prepare one's self.</def> [Obs.] "Let us <i>address</i> to tend on
Hector's heels."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To direct speech.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Young Turnus to the beauteous maid <i>addrest</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The intransitive uses come from the dropping out of the reflexive
pronoun.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*dress</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>adresse</i>. See
<u>Address</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of preparing one's self.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Act of addressing one's self to a person; verbal
application.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A formal communication, either written or
spoken; a discourse; a speech; a formal application to any one; a petition;
a formal statement on some subject or special occasion; as, an
<i>address</i> of thanks, an <i>address</i> to the voters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Direction or superscription of a letter, or the
name, title, and place of residence of the person addressed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Manner of speaking to another; delivery; as, a
man of pleasing or insinuating <i>address</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Attention in the way one's <i>addresses</i> to a
lady.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Skill; skillful management; dexterity;
adroitness.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Speech; discourse; harangue; oration; petition; lecture;
readiness; ingenuity; tact; adroitness.</p>

<p><hw>Ad`dress*ee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One to whom
anything is addressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*dres"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
addressing or directing one's course.</def> [Rare &amp; Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*duce"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adduced</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adducing</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>adducere</i>, <i>adductum</i>, to lead or
bring to; <i>ad</i> + <i>ducere</i> to lead. See <u>Duke</u>, and cf.
<u>Adduct</u>.] <def>To bring forward or offer, as an argument, passage, or
consideration which bears on a statement or case; to cite; to
allege.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reasons . . . were <i>adduced</i> on both sides.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Enough could not be <i>adduced</i> to satisfy the purpose of
illustration.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To present; allege; advance; cite; quote; assign; urge;
name; mention.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*du"cent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>addunces</i>, p.
pr. of <i>adducere</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Bringing together or
towards a given point; -- a word applied to those muscles of the body which
pull one part towards another. Opposed to <i>abducent</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*du"cer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
adduces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*du"ci*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
adduced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Proofs innumerable, and in every imaginable manner
diversified, are <i>adducible</i>.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*duct"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>adductus</i>, p.
p. of <i>adducere</i>. See <u>Adduce</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To draw
towards a common center or a middle line.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*duc"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>adduction</i>. See <u>Adduce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
adducing or bringing forward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>adduction</i> of facts gathered from various
quarters.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The action by which the parts
of the body are drawn towards its axis]; -- opposed to
<i>abduction</i>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*duc"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adducing, or
bringing towards or to something.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*duc"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>adducere</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which draws a limb or part
of the body toward the middle line of the body, or closes extended parts of
the body; -- opposed to <i>abductor</i>; as, the <i>adductor</i> of the
eye, which turns the eye toward the nose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the bivalve shells, the muscles which close the values of
the shell are called <i>adductor</i> muscles.<BR>
<i>Verrill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*dulce"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Like F.
<i>adoucir</i>; fr. L. <i>ad</i>. + <i>dulcis</i> sweet.] <def>To sweeten;
to soothe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*deem"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>adimere</i>. See
<u>Ademption</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To revoke, as a legacy, grant, etc.,
or to satisfy it by some other gift.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`de*lan`ta*dil"lo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A
Spanish red wine made of the first ripe grapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`de*lan*ta"do</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., prop. p. of
<i>adelantar</i> to advance, to promote.] <def>A governor of a province; a
commander.</def>  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ad*e*las"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; not
manifest + &?; a star.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A provisional name for a plant
which has not had its flowers botanically examined, and therefore has not
been referred to its proper genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"el*ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Atheling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*del`o*co*don"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
invisible + &?; a bell.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Applied to sexual zooids
of hydroids, that have a saclike form and do not become free; -- opposed to
<i>phanerocodonic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*del"o*pod</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; invisible +
&?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal having feet that are
not apparent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*del"phi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'adelfo`s</grk> brother.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A "brotherhood," or
collection of stamens in a bundle; -- used in composition, as in the class
names, Mon<i>adelphia</i>, Di<i>adelphia</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*del"phous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'adelfo`s</grk> brother.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having coalescent or
clustered filaments; -- said of stamens; as, <i>adelphous</i> stamens.
Usually in composition; as, mon<i>adelphous</i>.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dempt"</hw> (&adot;*d&ebreve;mt"; 215), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
[L. <i>ademptus</i>, p. p. of <i>adimere</i> to take away.] <def>Takes
away.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Without any sinister suspicion of anything being added or
<i>adempt</i>.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 21 !></p>

<p><hw>A*demp"tion</hw> (&adot;*d&ebreve;mp"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ademptio</i>, fr. <i>adimere</i>,
<i>ademptum</i>, to take away; <i>ad</i> + <i>emere</i> to buy, orig. to
take.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The revocation or taking away of a grant donation,
legacy, or the like.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aden-</hw> or <hw>Adeno-</hw>. [Gr. &?;, &?;, gland.] <def>Combining
forms of the Greek word for <i>gland</i>; -- used in words relating to the
structure, diseases, etc., of the glands.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ad`e*nal"gi*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ad"e*nal`gy</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?; pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pain in a
gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*den"i*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Aden-</i> + <i>-
form</i>.] <def>Shaped like a gland; adenoid.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ad`e*ni"tis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Aden-</i> + <i>-
itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Glandular inflammation.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`e*no*graph"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
adenography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`e*nog"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Adeno-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy which describes the
glands.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ad"e*noid</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ad`e*noid"al</hw> (&?;) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Glandlike; glandular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`e*no*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to adenology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`e*nol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Adeno-</i> + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>The part of physiology that treats of the glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`e*noph"o*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Adeno-</i> +
Gr. &?; bearing.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`e*noph"yl*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Adeno-</i> +
Gr. &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having glands on the leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"e*nose`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a gland;
full of glands; glandulous; adenous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`e*no*tom"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
adenotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`e*not"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Adeno-</i> + Gr.
&?; a cutting, &?; to cut.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Dissection of, or incision
into, a gland or glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"e*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Adenose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ad"eps</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Animal fat;
lard.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dept"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adeptus</i> obtained
(sc. <i>artem</i>), &?;he who has obtained an art, p. p. of <i>adipsci</i>
to arrive &?;at, to obtain; <i>ad</i> + <i>apisci</i> to pursue. See
<u>Apt</u>, and cf. <u>Adapt</u>.] <def>One fully skilled or well versed in
anything; a proficient; as, <i>adepts</i> in philosophy.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dept"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Well skilled; completely
versed; thoroughly proficient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beaus <i>adept</i> in everything profound.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*dep"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adeptio</i>. See
<u>Adept</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>An obtaining; attainment.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the wit and policy of the capitain consisteth the chief
<i>adeption</i> of the victory.<BR>
<i>Grafton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*dept"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A skilled
alchemist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*dept"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
adept; skill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"e*qua*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Adequate</u>.]
<def>The state or quality of being adequate, proportionate, or sufficient;
a sufficiency for a particular purpose; as, the <i>adequacy</i> of supply
to the expenditure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"e*quate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adaequatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>adaequare</i> to make equal to; <i>ad</i> + <i>aequare</i> to
make equal, <i>aequus</i> equal. See <u>Equal</u>.] <def>Equal to some
requirement; proportionate, or correspondent; fully sufficient; as, powers
<i>adequate</i> to a great work; an <i>adequate</i> definition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ireland had no <i>adequate</i> champion.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Proportionate; commensurate; sufficient; suitable;
competent; capable.</p>

<p><hw>Ad"e*quate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Adequate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To equalize; to make
adequate.</def> [R.]  <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To equal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It [is] an impossibility for any creature to <i>adequate</i>
God in his eternity.<BR>
<i>Shelford.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad"e*quate*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an adequate
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"e*quate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
adequate; suitableness; sufficiency; adequacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`e*qua"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adaequatio</i>.] <def>The act of equalizing; act or result of making
adequate; an equivalent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*des"my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; unfettered;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; a fetter.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The division or
defective coherence of an organ that is usually entire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*es`se*na"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed fr. L.
<i>adesse</i> to be present; <i>ad</i> + <i>esse</i> to be.] <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One who held the real presence of Christ's body in the
eucharist, but not by transubstantiation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*fect"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adfectus</i> or
<i>affectus</i>. See <u>Affect</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <i>(Alg.)</i>
<def>See <u>Affected</u>, 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*fil"i*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Affiliated</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*fil`i*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Affiliation</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*flux"ion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Affluxion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ha"mant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L. <i>adhamare</i>
to catch; <i>ad</i> + <i>hamus</i> hook.] <def>Clinging, as by
hooks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*here"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adhered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adhering</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>adhaerere</i>, <i>adhaesum</i>; <i>ad</i> +
<i>haerere</i> to stick: cf. F. <i>adh&eacute;rer</i>. See <u>Aghast</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stick fast or cleave, as a glutinous substance
does; to become joined or united; as, wax   to the finger; the lungs
sometimes <i>adhere</i> to the pleura.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold, be attached, or devoted; to remain
fixed, either by personal union or conformity of faith, principle, or
opinion; as, men <i>adhere</i> to a party, a cause, a leader, a
church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be consistent or coherent; to be in
accordance; to agree.</def> "Nor time nor place did then <i>adhere</i>."
"Every thing <i>adheres</i> together."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To attach; stick; cleave; cling; hold</p>

<p><hw>Ad*her"ence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>adh&eacute;rence</i>, LL. <i>adhaerentia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of adhering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being fixed in attachment;
fidelity; steady attachment; adhesion; as, <i>adherence</i> to a party or
to opinions.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Adherence</u>, <u>Adhesion</u>.  These words, which
were once freely interchanged, are now almost entirely separated.
<i>Adherence</i> is no longer used to denote physical union, but is
applied, to mental states or habits; as, a strict <i>adherence</i> to one's
duty; close <i>adherence</i> to the argument, etc.  <i>Adhesion</i> is now
confined chiefly to the physical sense, except in the phrase "To give in
one's <i>adhesion</i> to a cause or a party."</p>

<p><hw>Ad*her"en*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being adherent; adherence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which adheres.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*her"ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adhaerens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr.: cf. F. <i>adh&eacute;rent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sticking; clinging; adhering.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attached as an attribute or
circumstance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Congenitally united with an organ
of another kind, as calyx with ovary, or stamens with petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*her"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who adheres; one who adheres; one who follows a leader, party, or
profession; a follower, or partisan; a believer in a particular faith or
church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which adheres; an appendage.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Follower; partisan; upholder; disciple; supporter;
dependent; ally; backer.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*her"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an adherent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*her"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who adheres; an
adherent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*he"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adhaesio</i>, fr.
<i>adhaerere</i>: cf. F. <i>adh&eacute;sion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The action of sticking; the state of being attached; intimate union;
as, the <i>adhesion</i> of glue, or of parts united by growth, cement, or
the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adherence; steady or firm attachment; fidelity;
as, <i>adhesion</i> to error, to a policy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>adhesion</i> to the Tories was bounded by his
approbation of their foreign policy.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Agreement to adhere; concurrence;
assent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To that treaty Spain and England gave in their
<i>adhesion</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The molecular attraction
exerted between bodies in contact. See <u>Cohesion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Union of surface, normally
separate, by the formation of new tissue resulting from an inflammatory
process.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The union of parts which are
separate in other plants, or in younger states of the same plant.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Adherence; union. See <u>Adherence</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*he"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>adh&eacute;sif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sticky; tenacious, as
glutinous substances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apt or tending to adhere; clinging.</def>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Adhesive attraction</b></col>. <i>(Physics)</i> <cd>See
<u>Attraction</u></cd>. -- <col><b>Adhesive inflammation</b></col>
<i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>that kind of inflammation which terminates in the
reunion of divided parts without suppuration.</cd> -- <col><b>Adhesive
plaster</b></col>, <cd>a sticking; a plaster containing resin, wax,
litharge, and olive oil.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ad*he"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an adhesive
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*he"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of sticking or adhering; stickiness; tenacity of
union.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>Propensity to form and maintain
attachments to persons, and to promote social intercourse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*hib"it</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>adhibitus</i>,
p. p. of <i>adhibere</i> to hold to; <i>ad</i> + <i>habere</i> to have.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To admit, as a person or thing; to take in.</def>
<i>Muirhead.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use or apply; to administer.</def>
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attach; to affix.</def>  <i>Alison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`hi*bi"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adhibitio</i>.] <def>The act of adhibiting; application; use.</def>
<i>Whitaker.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ad hom"i*nem</hw> (&?;). [L., to the man.] <def>A phrase applied
to an appeal or argument addressed to the principles, interests, or
passions of a man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*hort"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>adhortari</i>.
See <u>Adhortation</u>.] <def>To exhort; to advise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`hor*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adhortatio</i>, fr. <i>adhortari</i> to advise; <i>ad</i> +
<i>hortari</i> to exhort.] <def>Advice; exhortation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*hor"ta*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
counsel or warning; hortatory; advisory.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Potter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*a*bat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; not
passable; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; through + &?; to go.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Not giving out or receiving heat.</def>  --
<wf>Ad`i*a*bat`ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Adiabatic line</b></col> or <col><b>curve</b></col>, <cd>a curve
exhibiting the variations of pressure and volume of a fluid when it expands
without either receiving or giving out heat.</cd>  <i>Rankine.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*ac*tin"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not
+ <i>diactinic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Not transmitting the actinic
rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ad`i*an"tum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
maidenhair; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to wet.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of ferns, the leaves of which shed water; maidenhair. Also, the black
maidenhair, a species of spleenwort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*aph"o*rism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Religious
indifference.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*aph"o*rist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Adiaphorous</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of the German
Protestants who, with Melanchthon, held some opinions and ceremonies to be
indifferent or nonessential, which Luther condemned as sinful or
heretical.</def>  <i>Murdock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*aph`o*ris"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to matters indifferent in faith and practice.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*aph"o*rite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Adiaphorist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*aph"o*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; different; &?; through + &?; to bear.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Indifferent or neutral.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Incapable of doing either harm or
good, as some medicines.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*aph"o*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Indifference.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*a*ther"mic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; through + &?;heat.] <def>Not pervious to heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dieu"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [OE. also
<i>adew</i>, <i>adewe</i>, <i>adue</i>, F. &?; <i>dieu</i>, fr. L.
<i>ad</i> to + <i>deus</i> God.] <def>Good-by; farewell; an expression of
kind wishes at parting.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dieu"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Adieus</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A farewell; commendation to the care
of God at parting.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dight"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adight</u>.] [Pref. <i>a-</i> (intensive) + OE.
<i>dihten</i>. See <u>Dight</u>.] <def>To set in order; to array; to
attire; to deck, to dress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ad in`fi*ni"tum</hw> (&?;). [L., to infinity.] <def>Without limit;
endlessly.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ad in"ter*im</hw> (&?;) [L.] <def>Meanwhile; temporary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*pes"cent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adeps</i>,
<i>adipis</i>, fat + <i>-escent</i>.] <def>Becoming fatty.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dip"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adeps</i>,
<i>adipis</i>, fat.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from,
fatty or oily substances; -- applied to certain acids obtained from fats by
the action of nitric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*poc"er*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convert
into adipocere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*poc`er*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of changing into adipocere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"i*po*cere`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adeps</i>,
<i>adipis</i>, fat + <i>cera</i> wax: cf. F. <i>adipocere</i>.] <def>A
soft, unctuous, or waxy substance, of a light brown color, into which the
fat and muscle tissue of dead bodies sometimes are converted, by long
immersion in water or by burial in moist places. It is a result of fatty
degeneration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*po*cer"i*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Adipocere</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form or appearance of
adipocere; as, an <i>adipoceriform</i> tumor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*poc"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like
adipocere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"i*pose`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adeps</i>,
<i>adipis</i>, fat, grease.] <def>Of or pertaining to animal fat;
fatty.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Adipose fin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a soft boneless
fin.</cd> -- <col><b>Adipose tissue</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>that form
of animal tissue which forms or contains fat.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ad"i*pose`ness</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ad`i*pos"i*ty</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being fat; fatness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"i*pous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fatty;
adipose.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*dip"sous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?;, thirst.] <def>Quenching thirst, as certain fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"ip*sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; not thirsty;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; thirst.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Absence of
thirst.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"it</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aditus</i>, fr.
<i>adire</i>, <i>&?;aitum</i>, to go to; <i>ad</i> + <i>ire</i> to go.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An entrance or passage. Specifically: The nearly
horizontal opening by which a mine is entered, or by which water and ores
are carried away; -- called also <i>drift</i> and <i>tunnel</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Admission; approach; access.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yourself and yours shall have<BR>
Free <i>adit</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ad"ja"cence</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ad*ja"cen*cy</hw> (&?;), } [Cf. LL.
<i>adjacentia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being adjacent or
contiguous; contiguity; as, the <i>adjacency</i> of lands or
buildings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is adjacent.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ja"cent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adjacens</i>,
<i>-centis</i>, p. pr. of <i>adjacere</i> to lie near; <i>ad</i> +
<i>jac&emacr;re</i> to lie: cf. F. <i>adjacent</i>.] <def>Lying near,
close, or contiguous; neighboring; bordering on; as, a field
<i>adjacent</i> to the highway.</def> "The <i>adjacent</i> forest."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Adjacent</b></col> or <col><b>contiguous angle</b></col>.
<i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See <u>Angle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Adjoining; contiguous; near.  -- <u>Adjacent</u>,
<u>Adjoining</u>, <u>Contiguous</u>. Things are <i>adjacent</i> when they
lie close each other, not necessary in actual contact; as, <i>adjacent</i>
fields, <i>adjacent</i> villages, etc. </p>

<p><blockquote>I find that all Europe with her <i>adjacent</i> isles is
peopled with Christians.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Things are <i>adjoining</i> when they meet at some line or point of
junction; as, <i>adjoining</i> farms, an <i>adjoining</i> highway. What is
spoken of as <i>contiguous</i> should touch with some extent of one side or
the whole of it; as, a row of <i>contiguous</i> buildings; a wood
<i>contiguous</i> to a plain.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*ja"cent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
adjacent.</def> [R.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ja"cent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to be
adjacent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ject"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>adjectus</i>, p.
p. of <i>adjicere</i> to throw to, to add to; <i>ad</i> +
<i>jac&ebreve;re</i> to throw. See <u>Jet</u> a shooting forth.] <def>To
add or annex; to join.</def>  <i>Leland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*jec"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adjectio</i>,
fr. <i>adjicere</i>: cf. F. <i>adjection</i>. See <u>Adject</u>.] <def>The
act or mode of adding; also, the thing added.</def> [R.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*jec"tion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
adjection; that is, or may be, annexed.</def> [R.]  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`jec*ti"tious</hw> (&?;), [L. <i>adjectitius</i>.] <def>Added;
additional.</def>  <i>Parkhurst.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`jec*ti"val</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to the relating to the adjective; of the nature of an adjective;
adjective.</def>  <i>W. Taylor (1797)</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`jec*ti"val*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As, or in the
manner of, an adjective; adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"jec*tive</hw> (&abreve;d"j&ebreve;k*t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Adjective</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Added to a substantive as an attribute; of the
nature of an adjunct; as, an <i>adjective</i> word or sentence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not standing by itself; dependent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Adjective color</b></col>, <cd>a color which requires to be
fixed by some mordant or base to give it permanency.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relating to procedure.</def> "The whole English
law, substantive and <i>adjective</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"jec*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adjectivum</i>  (sc.
<i>nomen</i>), neut. of <i>adjectivus</i> that is added, fr.
<i>adjicere</i>: cf. F. <i>adjectif</i>. See <u>Adject</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word used with a noun, or
substantive, to express a quality of the thing named, or something
attributed to it, or to limit or define it, or to specify or describe a
thing, as distinct from something else. Thus, in phrase, "a wise ruler,"
<i>wise</i> is the adjective, expressing a property of
<i>ruler</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dependent; an accessory.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"jec*tive</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adjectived</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adjectiving</u> (&?;).] <def>To make an adjective of; to form or change
into an adjective.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Language has as much occasion to <i>adjective</i> the
distinct signification of the verb, and to <i>adjective</i> also the mood,
as it has to <i>adjective</i> time. It has . . . <i>adjectived</i> all
three.<BR>
<i>Tooke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad"jec*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of an
adjective; as, a word used <i>adjectively</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*join"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adjoined</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adjoining</u>.] [OE. <i>ajoinen</i>, OF. <i>ajoindre</i>, F.
<i>adjoindre</i>, fr. L. <i>adjungere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>jungere</i> to
join. See <u>Join</u>, and cf. <u>Adjunct</u>.] <def>To join or unite to;
to lie contiguous to; to be in contact with; to attach; to
append.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Corrections . . . should be, as remarks, <i>adjoined</i> by
way of note.<BR>
<i>Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 22 !></p>

<p><hw>Ad*join"</hw> (&abreve;d*join"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lie or be next, or in contact; to be contiguous;
as, the houses <i>adjoin</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When one man's land <i>adjoins</i> to another's.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The construction with <i>to</i>, <i>on</i>, or <i>with</i> is
obsolete or obsolescent.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To join one's self.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She lightly unto him <i>adjoined</i> side to side.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*join"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contiguous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*join"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Joining to; contiguous;
adjacent; as, an <i>adjoining</i> room.</def> "The <i>adjoining</i> fane."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the hills <i>adjoining</i> to the city.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Adjacent; contiguous; near; neighboring; abutting;
bordering. See <u>Adjacent</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ad"joint</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adjunct; a
helper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*journ</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adjourned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adjourning</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>ajornen</i>, OF. <i>ajoiner</i>,
<i>ajurner</i>, F. <i>ajourner</i>; OF. <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) +
<i>jor</i>, <i>jur</i>, <i>jorn</i>, F. <i>jour</i>, day, fr. L.
<i>diurnus</i> belonging to the day, fr. <i>dies</i> day. Cf.
<u>Journal</u>, <u>Journey</u>.] <def>To put off or defer to another day,
or indefinitely; to postpone; to close or suspend for the day; -- commonly
said of the meeting, or the action, of convened body; as, to <i>adjourn</i>
the meeting; to <i>adjourn</i> a debate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a common practice to <i>adjourn</i> the reformation of
their lives to a further time.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis a needful fitness<BR>
That we <i>adjourn</i> this court till further day.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To delay; defer; postpone; put off; suspend.  -- To
<u>Adjourn</u>, <u>Prorogue</u>, <u>Dissolve</u>.  These words are used in
respect to public bodies when they lay aside business and separate.
<i>Adjourn</i>, both in Great Britain and this country, is applied to all
cases in which such bodies separate for a brief period, with a view to meet
again. <i>Prorogue</i> is applied in Great Britain to that act of the
executive government, as the sovereign, which brings a session of
Parliament to a close. The word is not used in this country, but a
legislative body is said, in such a case, to adjourn <i>sine die</i>. To
<i>dissolve</i> is to annul the corporate existence of a body. In order to
exist again the body must be reconstituted.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*journ"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To suspend business for
a time, as from one day to another, or for a longer period, or
indefinitely; usually, to suspend public business, as of legislatures and
courts, or other convened bodies; as, congress <i>adjourned</i> at four
o'clock; the court <i>adjourned</i> without day.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*journ"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Adjournment;
postponement.</def> [R.] "An <i>adjournal</i> of the Diet."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*journ"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. f.
<i>adjournement</i>, OF. <i>ajornement</i>. See <u>Adjourn</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of adjourning; the putting off till another
day or time specified, or without day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The time or interval during which a public body
adjourns its sittings or postpones business.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*judge"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adjudged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adjudging</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>ajugen</i>, OF. <i>ajugier</i>, fr. L.
<i>adjudicare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>judicare</i> to judge. See <u>Judge</u>,
and cf. <u>Adjudicate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To award judicially in
the case of a controverted question; as, the prize was <i>adjudged</i> to
the victor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To determine in the exercise of judicial power;
to decide or award judicially; to adjudicate; as, the case was
<i>adjudged</i> in the November term.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sentence; to condemn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without reprieve, <i>adjudged</i> to death<BR>
For want of well pronouncing Shibboleth.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To regard or hold; to judge; to deem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>adjudged</i> him unworthy of his friendship.<BR>
<i>Knolles.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To decree; award; determine; adjudicate; ordain;
assign.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*judg"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
adjudges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*judg"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of adjudging; judicial decision; adjudication.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ju"di*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adjudicated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adjudicating</u> (&?;)] [L. <i>adjudicatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>adjudicare</i>. See <u>Adjudge</u>.] <def>To adjudge; to try and
determine, as a court; to settle by judicial decree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ju"di*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come to a
judicial decision; as, the court <i>adjudicated</i> upon the
case.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ju`di*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adjudicatio</i>: cf. F. <i>adjudication</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of adjudicating; the act or process of trying and determining
judicially.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A deliberate determination by the judicial
power; a judicial decision or sentence.</def>  "An <i>adjudication</i> in
favor of natural rights."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bankruptcy practice)</i> <def>The decision upon
the question whether the debtor is a bankrupt.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A process by which land is
attached security or in satisfaction of a debt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ju"di*ca*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Adjudicating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ju"di*ca`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
adjudicates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ju"di*ca*ture</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Adjudication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"ju*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>adjugatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>adjugare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>jugum</i> a yoke.] <def>To yoke
to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad"ju*ment</hw> (&abreve;d"j&usl;*m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>adjumentum</i>, for <i>adjuvamentum</i>, fr. <i>adjuvare</i> to
help; <i>ad</i> + <i>juvare</i> to help.] <def>Help; support; also, a
helper.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"junct`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adjunctus</i>, p.
p. of <i>adjungere</i>. See <u>Adjoin</u>.] <def>Conjoined; attending;
consequent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though that my death were <i>adjunct</i> to my act.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Adjunct notes</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>short notes between
those essential to the harmony; auxiliary notes; passing notes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ad"junct`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something joined or added to another thing, but not essentially a part
of it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Learning is but an <i>adjunct</i> to our self.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person joined to another in some duty or
service; a colleague; an associate.</def>  <i>Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word or words added to quality
or amplify the force of other words; as, the History <i>of the American
Revolution</i>, where the words in italics are the <i>adjunct</i> or
<i>adjuncts</i> of "History."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>A quality or property of the
body or the mind, whether natural or acquired; as, <i>color</i>, in the
body, <i>judgment</i> in the mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A key or scale closely related to
another as principal; a relative or attendant key. [R.] See <i>Attendant
keys</i>, under <u>Attendant</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*junc"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adjunctio</i>,
fr. <i>adjungere</i>: cf. F. <i>adjonction</i>, and see <u>Adjunct</u>.]
<def>The act of joining; the thing joined or added.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*junc"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adjunctivus</i>, fr. <i>adjungere</i>. See <u>Adjunct</u>.]
<def>Joining; having the quality of joining; forming an adjunct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*junc"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
is joined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*junc"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an adjunctive
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*junct"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
addition or adjunct; in connection with.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`ju*ra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adjuratio</i>,
fr. <i>adjurare</i>: cf. F. <i>adjuration</i>. See <u>Adjure</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of adjuring; a solemn charging on oath, or
under the penalty of a curse; an earnest appeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What an accusation could not effect, an <i>adjuration</i>
shall.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The form of oath or appeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Persons who . . . made use of prayer and
<i>adjurations</i>.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ju"ra*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adjuratorius</i>.] <def>Containing an adjuration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*jure"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adjured</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adjuring</u> (&?;)]. [L. <i>adjurare</i>, <i>adjurdium</i>, to swear to;
later, to adjure: cf. F. <i>adjurer</i>. See <u>Jury</u>.] <def>To charge,
bind, or command, solemnly, as if under oath, or under the penalty of a
curse; to appeal to in the most solemn or impressive manner; to entreat
earnestly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Joshua <i>adjured</i> them at that time, saying, Cursed be
the man before the Lord, that riseth up and buildeth this city Jericho.<BR>
<i>Josh. vi. 26.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The high priest . . . said . . . I <i>adjure</i> thee by the
living God, that thou tell us whether thou be the Christ.<BR>
<i>Matt. xxvi. 63.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The commissioners <i>adjured</i> them not to let pass so
favorable an opportunity of securing their liberties.<BR>
<i>Marshall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*jur"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
adjures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*just"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adjusted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adjusting</u>.] [OF. <i>ajuster</i>, <i>ajoster</i> (whence F.
<i>ajouter</i> to add), LL. <i>adjuxtare</i> to fit; fr. L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>juxta</i> near; confused later with L. <i>ad</i> and <i>justus</i> just,
right, whence F. <i>ajuster</i> to adjust. See <u>Just</u>, v. t. and cf.
<u>Adjute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make exact; to fit; to make
correspondent or conformable; to bring into proper relations; as, to
<i>adjust</i> a garment to the body, or things to a standard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put in order; to regulate, or reduce to
system.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Adjusting</i> the orthography.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To settle or bring to a satisfactory state, so
that parties are agreed in the result; as, to <i>adjust</i> accounts; the
differences are <i>adjusted</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bring to a true relative position, as the
parts of an instrument; to regulate for use; as, to <i>adjust</i> a
telescope or microscope.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To adapt; suit; arrange; regulate; accommodate; set
right; rectify; settle.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*just"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
adjusted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*just"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Ajutage</u>.]
<def>Adjustment.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*just"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, adjusts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*just"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
adjust.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*just"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ajustement</i>. See <u>Adjust</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
adjusting, or condition of being adjusted; act of bringing into proper
relations; regulation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Success depends on the nicest and minutest <i>adjustment</i>
of the parts concerned.<BR>
<i>Paley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Settlement of claims; an equitable
arrangement of conflicting claims, as in set-off, contribution,
exoneration, subrogation, and marshaling.</def>  <i>Bispham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The operation of bringing all the parts of an
instrument, as a microscope or telescope, into their proper relative
position for use; the condition of being thus adjusted; as, to get a good
<i>adjustment</i>; to be <i>in</i> or <i>out of adjustment</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Suiting; fitting; arrangement; regulation; settlement;
adaptation; disposition.</p>

<p><hw>Ad"ju*tage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ajutage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"ju*tan*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Adjutant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office of an adjutant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Skillful arrangement in aid;
assistance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was, no doubt, disposed with all the <i>adjutancy</i> of
definition and division.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad"ju*tant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adjutans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>adjutare</i> to help. See <u>Aid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
helper; an assistant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A regimental staff officer, who
assists the colonel, or commanding officer of a garrison or regiment, in
the details of regimental and garrison duty.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Adjutant general</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>the principal staff officer of an army, through whom the commanding
general receives communications and issues military orders. In the U. S.
army he is brigadier general.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Among the
Jesuits)</i>, <cd>one of a select number of fathers, who resided with the
general of the order, each of whom had a province or country assigned to
his care.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of very large
stork (<i>Ciconia argala</i>), a native of India; -- called also the
<i>gigantic crane</i>, and by the native name <i>argala</i>. It is noted
for its serpent-destroying habits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"ju*ta`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>
<def>A corruption of <u>Agitator</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*jute"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>ajouter</i>;
confused with L. <i>adjutare</i>.] <def>To add.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*ju"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>adjuvare</i>.
See <u>Aid</u>.] <def>A helper or assistant.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ju"to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adjutorius</i>.]
<def>Serving to help or assist; helping.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*ju"trix</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Adjutor</u>.]
<def>A female helper or assistant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad"ju*vant</hw> (&abreve;d"j&usl;*v&abreve;nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>adjuvans</i>, p. pr. of <i>adjuvare</i> to aid: cf. F.
<i>adjuvant</i>. See <u>Aid</u>.] <def>Helping; helpful; assisting.</def>
[R.] "<i>Adjuvant</i> causes."  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"ju*vant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
assistant.</def> [R.]  <i>Yelverton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An ingredient, in a prescription,
which aids or modifies the action of the principal ingredient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`le*ga"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adlegatio</i>,
<i>allegatio</i>, a sending away; fr. <i>adlegare</i>, <i>allegare</i>, to
send away with a commission; <i>ad</i> in addition + <i>legare</i> to send
as ambassador. Cf. <u>Allegation</u>.] <def>A right formerly claimed by the
states of the German Empire of joining their own ministers with those of
the emperor in public treaties and negotiations to the common interest of
the empire.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ad lib"i*tum</hw> (&?;). <def>At one's pleasure; as one
wishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`lo*cu"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Allocution</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*mar"gin*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ad-</i>
+ <i>margin</i>.] <def>To write in the margin.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*max"il*la*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ad-</i> +
<i>maxillary</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Near to the maxilla or
jawbone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*meas"ure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>amesurer</i>, LL. <i>admensurare</i>. See <u>Measure</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To measure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To determine the proper share of,
or the proper apportionment; as, to <i>admeasure</i> dower; to
<i>admeasure</i> common of pasture.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The measure of a thing; dimensions;
size.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Formerly, the adjustment of
proportion, or ascertainment of shares, as of dower or pasture held in
common. This was by writ of <i>admeasurement</i>, directed to the
sheriff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*meas"ur*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
admeasures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*men`su*ra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>admensuratio</i>; L. <i>ad</i> + <i>mensurare</i> to measure. See
<u>Mensuration</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Admeasurement</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*min"i*cle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adminculum</i>
support, orig., that on which the hand rests; <i>ad</i> + <i>manus</i> hand
+ dim. ending <i>-culym</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Help or support; an
auxiliary.</def>  <i>Grote.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Corroborative or explanatory
proof.</def></p>

<p>In <i>Scots law</i>, any writing tending to establish the existence or
terms of a lost deed.  <i>Bell.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Ad`mi*nic"u*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supplying
help; auxiliary; corroborative; explanatory; as, <i>adminicular</i>
evidence.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`mi*nic"u*la*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Adminicular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*min"is*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Administered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Administering</u>.] [OE. <i>aministren</i>, OF. <i>aministrer</i>, F.
<i>administer</i>, fr. L. <i>administrare</i>; <i>ad</i> +
<i>ministrare</i> to serve. See <u>Minister</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To manage or conduct, as public affairs; to direct or superintend the
execution, application, or conduct of; as, to <i>administer</i> the
government or the state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For forms of government let fools contest:<BR>
Whate'er is best <i>administered</i> is best.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dispense; to serve out; to supply; execute;
as, to <i>administer</i> relief, to <i>administer</i> the
sacrament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Let zephyrs] <i>administer</i> their tepid, genial
airs.<BR>
<i>Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Justice was <i>administered</i> with an exactness and purity
not before known.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To apply, as medicine or a remedy; to give, as a
dose or something beneficial or suitable. Extended to a <i>blow</i>, a
<i>reproof</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A noxious drug had been <i>administered</i> to him.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To tender, as an oath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Swear . . . to keep the oath that we <i>administer</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To settle, as the estate of one who
dies without a will, or whose will fails of an executor.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To manage; conduct; minister; supply; dispense; give out;
distribute; furnish.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*min"is*ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To contribute; to bring aid or supplies; to conduce; to
minister.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fountain . . . <i>administers</i> to the pleasure as well
as the plenty of the place.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To perform the office of
administrator; to act officially; as, A <i>administers</i> upon the estate
of B.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*min"is*ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Administrator.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*min`is*te"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to administration, or to the executive part of government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*min"is*tra*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being administered; as, an <i>administrable</i> law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*min"is*trant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. pr. of
<i>administrer</i>. See <u>Administer</u>.] <def>Executive; acting;
managing affairs.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
administers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*min"is*trate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>administratus</i>, p. p. of <i>administrare</i>.] <def>To
administer.</def> [R.]  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*min`is*tra"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>administracioun</i>, L. <i>administratio</i>: cf. F.
<i>administration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of administering;
government of public affairs; the service rendered, or duties assumed, in
conducting affairs; the conducting of any office or employment; direction;
management.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His financial <i>administration</i> was of a piece with his
military <i>administration</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The executive part of government; the persons
collectively who are intrusted with the execution of laws and the
superintendence of public affairs; the chief magistrate and his cabinet or
council; or the council, or ministry, alone, as in Great Britain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mild and popular <i>administration</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>administration</i> has been opposed in
parliament.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of administering, or tendering something
to another; dispensation; as, the <i>administration</i> of a medicine, of
an oath, of justice, or of the sacrament.</def></p>

<p><! p. 23 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The management
and disposal, under legal authority, of the estate of an intestate, or of a
testator having no competent executor.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
management of an estate of a deceased person by an executor, the strictly
corresponding term <i>execution</i> not being in use.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Administration with the will annexed</b></col>,
<cd>administration granted where the testator has appointed no executor, or
where his appointment of an executor for any cause has failed, as by death,
incompetency, refusal to act, etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Conduct; management; direction; regulation; execution;
dispensation; distribution.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*min"is*tra`tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>administrativus</i>: cf. F. <i>administratif</i>.] <def>Pertaining to
administration; administering; executive; as, an <i>administrative</i>
body, ability, or energy.</def>  -- <wf>Ad*min"is*tra`tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ad*min`is*tra"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who administers affairs; one who directs,
manages, executes, or dispenses, whether in civil, judicial, political, or
ecclesiastical affairs; a manager.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A man who manages or settles the
estate of an intestate, or of a testator when there is no competent
executor; one to whom the right of administration has been committed by
competent authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*min`is*tra"tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The position
or office of an administrator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*min`is*tra"trix</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
woman who administers; esp., one who administers the estate of an
intestate, or to whom letters of administration have been granted; a female
administrator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`mi*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>admirabilitac</i>.] <def>Admirableness.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"mi*ra*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>admirabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>admirable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fitted to excite wonder; wonderful; marvelous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In man there is nothing <i>admirable</i> but his ignorance
and weakness.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having qualities to excite wonder united with
approbation; deserving the highest praise; most excellent; -- used of
persons or things.</def>  "An <i>admirable</i> machine."  "<i>Admirable</i>
fortitude."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wonderful; marvelous; surprising; excellent; delightful;
praiseworthy.</p>

<p><hw>Ad"mi*ra*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being admirable; wonderful excellence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"mi*ra*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an admirable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"mi*ral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>amiral</i>,
<i>admiral</i>, OF. <i>amiral</i>, ultimately fr. Ar. <i>am&imacr;r-al-
bahr</i> commander of the sea; Ar. <i>am&imacr;r</i> is commander,
<i>al</i> is the Ar. article, and <i>am&imacr;r-al</i>, heard in different
titles, was taken as one word. Early forms of the word show confusion with
L. <i>admirabilis</i> admirable, fr. <i>admirari</i> to admire. It is said
to have been introduced into Europe by the Genoese or Venetians, in the
12th or 13th century. Cf. <u>Ameer</u>, <u>Emir</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A naval officer of the highest rank; a naval officer of high rank, of
which there are different grades. The chief gradations in rank are
<i>admiral</i>, <i>vice admiral</i>, and <i>rear admiral</i>. The
<i>admiral</i> is the commander in chief of a fleet or of fleets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The ship which carries the admiral; also, the
most considerable ship of a fleet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like some mighty <i>admiral</i>, dark and terrible, bearing
down upon his antagonist with all his canvas straining to the wind, and all
his thunders roaring from his broadsides.<BR>
<i>E. Everett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A handsome butterfly
(<i>Pyrameis Atalanta</i>) of Europe and America. The larva feeds on
nettles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Admiral shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the popular
name of an ornamental cone shell (<i>Conus admiralis</i>).</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Lord High Admiral</b></col>, <cd>a great officer of state, who
(when this rare dignity is conferred) is at the head of the naval
administration of Great Britain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ad"mi*ral*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
position oaf an admiral; also, the naval skill of an admiral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"mi*ral*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Admiralties</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>amiraut&eacute;</i>, for an
older <i>amiralt&eacute;</i>, office of admiral, fr. LL.
<i>admiralitas</i>. See <u>Admiral</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office
or jurisdiction of an admiral.</def>  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The department or officers having authority over
naval affairs generally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The court which has jurisdiction of maritime
questions and offenses.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, admiralty jurisdiction was formerly vested in the
High Court of Admiralty, which was held before the Lord High Admiral, or
his deputy, styled the Judge of the Admiralty; but admiralty jurisdiction
is now vested in the probate, divorce, and admiralty division of the High
Justice. In America, there are no admiralty courts distinct from others,
but admiralty jurisdiction is vested in the district courts of the United
States, subject to revision by the circuit courts and the Supreme Court of
the United States. Admiralty jurisprudence has cognizance of maritime
contracts and torts, collisions at sea, cases of prize in war, etc., and in
America, admiralty jurisdiction is extended to such matters, arising out of
the navigation of any of the public waters, as the Great Lakes and
rivers.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The system of jurisprudence of admiralty
courts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The building in which the lords of the
admiralty, in England, transact business.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mir"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>admirance</i>.] <def>Admiration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`mi*ra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>admiratio</i>. See <u>Admire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wonder;
astonishment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Season your <i>admiration</i> for a while.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wonder mingled with approbation or delight; an
emotion excited by a person or thing possessed of wonderful or high
excellence; as, <i>admiration</i> of a beautiful woman, of a landscape, of
virtue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cause of admiration; something to excite wonder,
or pleased surprise; a prodigy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, good Lafeu, bring in the <i>admiration</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Note of admiration</b></col>, <cd>the mark (!), called also
<i>exclamation point</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wonder; approval; appreciation; adoration; reverence;
worship.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*mir"a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to or
expressing admiration or wonder.</def> [R.]  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mire"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Admired</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Admiring</u> (&?;).] [F. <i>admirer</i>, fr. L. <i>admirari</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>mirari</i> to wonder, for <i>smirari</i>, akin to Gr. &?; to
smile, Skr. <i>smi</i>, and E. <i>smile</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
regard with wonder or astonishment; to view with surprise; to marvel
at.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Examples rather to be <i>admired</i> than imitated.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To regard with wonder and delight; to look upon
with an elevated feeling of pleasure, as something which calls out
approbation, esteem, love, or reverence; to estimate or prize highly; as,
to <i>admire</i> a person of high moral worth, to <i>admire</i> a
landscape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Admired</i> as heroes and as gods obeyed.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Admire</i> followed by the infinitive is obsolete or
colloquial; as, I <i>admire</i> to see a man consistent in his conduct.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To esteem; approve; delight in.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*mire"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wonder; to marvel; to
be affected with surprise; -- sometimes with <i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To wonder at Pharaoh, and even <i>admire</i> at myself.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mired"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Regarded with wonder and delight; highly prized; as, an <i>admired</i>
poem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wonderful; also, admirable.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Admired</i> disorder."    " <i>Admired</i> Miranda."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mir"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who admires; one
who esteems or loves greatly.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mir"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Expressing admiration;
as, an <i>admiring</i> glance.</def>  -- <wf>Ad*mir"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mis`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>admissibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being admissible;
admissibleness; as, the <i>admissibility</i> of evidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mis"si*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>admissible</i>, LL. <i>admissibilis</i>. See <u>Admit</u>.]
<def>Entitled to be admitted, or worthy of being admitted; that may be
allowed or conceded; allowable; as, the supposition is hardly
<i>admissible</i>.</def>  -- <wf>Ad*mis"si*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ad*mis"si*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mis"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>admissio</i>:
cf. F. <i>admission</i>. See <u>Admit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or practice of admitting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power or permission to enter; admittance;
entrance; access; power to approach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What numbers groan for sad <i>admission</i> there!<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The granting of an argument or position not
fully proved; the act of acknowledging something &?;serted; acknowledgment;
concession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The too easy <i>admission</i> of doctrines.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Acquiescence or concurrence in a
statement made by another, and distinguishable from a confession in that an
admission presupposes prior inquiry by another, but a confession may be
made without such inquiry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A fact, point, or statement admitted; as,
<i>admission</i> made out of court are received in evidence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Eccl. Law)</i> <def>Declaration of the
bishop that he approves of the presentee as a fit person to serve the cure
of the church to which he is presented.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Admittance; concession; acknowledgment; concurrence;
allowance. See <u>Admittance</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*mis"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Implying an
admission; tending to admit.</def> [R.]  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mis"so*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
admission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mit"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Admitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Admitting</u>.] [OE. <i>amitten</i>, L. <i>admittere</i>,
<i>admissum</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>mittere</i> to send: cf. F.
<i>admettre</i>, OF. <i>admettre</i>, OF. <i>ametre</i>. See
<u>Missile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To suffer to enter; to grant
entrance, whether into a place, or into the mind, or consideration; to
receive; to take; as, they were into his house; to <i>admit</i> a serious
thought into the mind; to <i>admit</i> evidence in the trial of a
cause.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a right of entrance; as, a ticket
<i>admits</i> one into a playhouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To allow (one) to enter on an office or to enjoy
a privilege; to recognize as qualified for a franchise; as, to <i>admit</i>
an attorney to practice law; the prisoner was <i>admitted</i> to
bail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To concede as true; to acknowledge or assent to,
as an allegation which it is impossible to deny; to own or confess; as, the
argument or fact is <i>admitted</i>; he <i>admitted</i> his
guilt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be capable of; to permit; as, the words do
not <i>admit</i> such a construction. In this sense, <i>of</i> may be used
after the verb, or may be omitted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both Houses declared that they could <i>admit</i> of no
treaty with the king.<BR>
<i>Hume.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mit"ta*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Admissible.</def>
 <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mit"tance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of admitting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Permission to enter; the power or right of
entrance; also, actual entrance; reception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To gain <i>admittance</i> into the house.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He desires <i>admittance</i> to the king.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To give <i>admittance</i> to a thought of fear.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Concession; admission; allowance; as, the
<i>admittance</i> of an argument.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Admissibility.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The act of giving possession
of a copyhold estate.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Admission; access; entrance; initiation.  --
<u>Admittance</u>, <u>Admission</u>. These words are, to some extent, in a
state of transition and change. <i>Admittance</i> is now chiefly confined
to its primary sense of access into some locality or building. Thus we see
on the doors of factories, shops, etc.  "No <i>admittance</i>." Its
secondary or moral sense, as "<i>admittance</i>   to the church," is almost
entirely laid aside. <i>Admission</i> has taken to itself the secondary or
figurative senses; as, <i>admission</i> to the rights of citizenship;
<i>admission</i> to the church; the <i>admissions</i> made by one of the
parties in a dispute. And even when used in its primary sense, it is not
identical with <i>admittance</i>. Thus, we speak of <i>admission</i> into a
country, territory, and other larger localities, etc., where
<i>admittance</i> could not be used. So, when we speak of <i>admission</i>
to a concert or other public assembly, the meaning is not perhaps exactly
that of <i>admittance</i>, viz., access within the walls of the building,
but rather a reception into the audience, or access to the performances.
But the lines of distinction on this subject are one definitely drawn.</p>

<p><hw>||Ad`mit*ta"tur</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., let him be
admitted.] <def>The certificate of admission given in some American
colleges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mit"ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Received as true or
valid; acknowledged.</def>  -- <hw>Ad*mit"ted*ly</hw>
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Confessedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mit"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
admits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mix"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ad-</i> +
<i>mix</i>: cf. L. <i>admixtus</i>, p. p. of <i>admiscere</i>. See
<u>Mix</u>.] <def>To mingle with something else; to mix.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*mix"tion</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>admixtio</i>.] <def>A mingling of different things; admixture.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mix"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>admiscere</i>, <i>admixtum</i>, to admix; <i>ad</i> + <i>miscere</i> to
mix. See <u>Mix</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of mixing;
mixture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The compound formed by mixing different
substances together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is mixed with anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mon"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Admonished</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Admonishing</u>.] [OE. <i>amonesten</i>, OF. <i>amonester</i>, F.
<i>admonester</i>, fr. a supposed LL. <i>admonesstrare</i>, fr. L.
<i>admonere</i> to remind, warn; <i>ad</i> + <i>monere</i> to warn. See
<u>Monition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To warn or notify of a fault; to
reprove gently or kindly, but seriously; to exhort.</def> "<i>Admonish</i>
him as a brother."  <i>2 Thess. iii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To counsel against wrong practices; to cation or
advise; to warn against danger or an offense; -- followed by <i>of</i>,
<i>against</i>, or a subordinate clause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Admonishing</i> one another in psalms and hymns.<BR>
<i>Col. iii. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I warned thee, I <i>admonished</i> thee, foretold<BR>
The danger, and the lurking enemy.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To instruct or direct; to inform; to
notify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses was <i>admonished</i> of God, when he was about to
make the tabernacle.<BR>
<i>Heb. viii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mon"ish*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
admonishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mon"ish*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>amonestement</i>, <i>admonestement</i>.] <def>Admonition.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`mo*ni"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>amonicioun</i>, OF. <i>amonition</i>, F. <i>admonition</i>, fr. L.
<i>admonitio</i>, fr. <i>admonere</i>. See <u>Admonish</u>.] <def>Gentle or
friendly reproof; counseling against a fault or error; expression of
authoritative advice; friendly caution or warning.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Admonition</u>, <u>Reprehension</u>, <u>Reproof</u>.
<i>Admonition</i> is prospective, and relates to moral delinquencies; its
object is to prevent further transgression. <i>Reprehension</i> and
<i>reproof</i> are retrospective, the former being milder than the latter.
A person of any age or station may be liable to <i>reprehension</i> in case
of wrong conduct; but <i>reproof</i> is the act of a superior. It is
authoritative fault-finding or censure addressed to children or to
inferiors.</p>

<p><hw>Ad`mo*ni"tion*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Admonisher.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*mon"i*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Admonitory.</def> [R.] <i>Barrow.</i> -- <wf>Ad*mon"i*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mon"i*tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Admonisher;
monitor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conscience is at most times a very faithful and prudent
<i>admonitor</i>.<BR>
<i>Shenstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mon`i*to"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Admonitory.</def> [R.] "An <i>admonitorial</i> tone."
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mon"i*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>admonitorius</i>.] <def>That conveys admonition; warning or reproving;
as, an <i>admonitory</i> glance.</def>  -- <wf>Ad*mon"i*to*ri*ly</wf>,
(&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mon"i*trix</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A female
admonitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mor`ti*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>admortizatio</i>. Cf. <u>Amortization</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
reducing or lands or tenements to mortmain. See <u>Mortmain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*move"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>admovere</i>.
See <u>Move</u>.] <def>To move or conduct to or toward.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*nas"cent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adnascens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>adnasci</i> to be born, grow.] <def>Growing to or on something
else.</def> "An <i>adnascent</i> plant."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adnatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>adnasci</i>. See <u>Adnascent</u>, and cf. <u>Agnate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Grown to congenitally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing together; -- said only of
organic cohesion of unlike parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An anther is <i>adnate</i> when fixed by its whole length to
the filament.<BR>
<i>Gray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Growing with one side
adherent to a stem; -- a term applied to the lateral zooids of corals and
other compound animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
adhesion or cohesion of different floral verticils or sets of
organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*nom"i*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>nomen</i> noun.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Pertaining to an adnoun;
adjectival; attached to a noun.</def> <i>Gibbs.</i>  --
<wf>Ad*nom"i*nal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ad"noun`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ad-</i> +
<i>noun</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>An adjective, or attribute.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*nu"bi*la`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adnubilatus</i>, p. p. of <i>adnubilare</i>.] <def>Clouded;
obscured.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*do"</hw> (&adot;*d&oomac;"), (1) <pos><i>v. inf.</i></pos>, (2)
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>at do</i>, northern form for <i>to do</i>. Cf.
<u>Affair</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To do; in doing; as, there is
nothing <i>ado</i>.</def> "What is here <i>ado</i>?"  <i>J. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Doing; trouble; difficulty; troublesome
business; fuss; bustle; as, to make a great <i>ado</i> about
trifles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With much <i>ado</i>, he partly kept awake.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Let's follow to see the end of this <i>ado</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||A*do"be</hw> (&adot;*d&omacr;"b&asl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<def>An unburnt brick dried in the sun; also used as an adjective, as, an
<i>adobe</i> house, in Texas or New Mexico.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`o*les"cence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fr., fr. L.
<i>adolescentia</i>.] <def>The state of growing up from childhood to
manhood or womanhood; youth, or the period of life between puberty and
maturity, generally considered to be, in the male sex, from fourteen to
twenty-one. Sometimes used with reference to the lower animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`o*les"cen*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being adolescent; youthfulness.</def></p>

<p><! p. 24 !></p>

<p><hw>Ad`o*les"cent</hw> (&abreve;d`&osl;*l&ebreve;s"s<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adolescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>adolescere</i> to
grow up to; <i>ad</i> + the inchoative <i>olescere</i> to grow: cf. F.
<i>adolescent</i>. See <u>Adult</u>.] <def>Growing; advancing from
childhood to maturity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Schools, unless discipline were doubly strong,<BR>
Detain their <i>adolescent</i> charge too long.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad`o*les"cent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A youth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`o*ne"an</hw> (-n&emacr;"<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Adon&emacr;us</i>.] <def>Pertaining to Adonis; Adonic.</def> "Fair
<i>Adonean</i> Venus."  <i>Faber.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*don"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>adonique</i>: cf.
L. <i>Adonius</i>.] <def>Relating to Adonis, famed for his beauty.</def>  -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Adonic verse.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Adonic verse</b></col>, <cd>a verse consisting of a dactyl and
spondee (-- &ssmile; &ssmile; | -- --).</cd></p>

<p><hw>||A*do"nis</hw> (&adot;*d&omacr;"n&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L., gr. Gr. <grk>'A`dwnis</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i>
<def>A youth beloved by Venus for his beauty. He was killed in the chase by
a wild boar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pre&euml;minently beautiful young man; a
dandy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants of the family
<i>Ranunculace&aelig;</i>, containing the pheasant's eye (<i>Adonis
autumnalis</i>); -- named from Adonis, whose blood was fabled to have
stained the flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*do"nist</hw> (&adot;*d&omacr;"n&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Heb. <i>&abreve;d&omacr;n&amacr;i</i> my Lords.] <def>One who maintains
that points of the Hebrew word translated "Jehovah" are really the vowel
points of the word "Adonai." See <u>Jehovist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"o*nize</hw> (&abreve;d"&osl;*n&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>adoniser</i>, fr. <i>Adonis</i>.] <def>To beautify; to
dandify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I employed three good hours at least in adjusting and
<i>adonozing</i> myself.<BR>
<i>Smollett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*door</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*doors</hw> (&?;), } <def>At the door; of
the door; as, out <i>adoors</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I took him in <i>adoors</i>.<BR>
<i>Vicar's Virgil (1630).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*dopt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adopted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adopting</u>.] [L. <i>adoptare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>optare</i> to choose,
desire: cf. F. <i>adopter</i>. See <u>Option</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take by choice into relationship, as, child, heir, friend, citizen,
etc.; esp. to take voluntarily (a child of other parents) to be in the
place of, or as, one's own child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take or receive as one's own what is not so
naturally; to select and take or approve; as, to <i>adopt</i> the view or
policy of another; these resolutions were <i>adopted</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dopt"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
adopted.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dopt"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Taken by adoption;
taken up as one's own; as, an <i>adopted</i> son, citizen, country,
word.</def>  -- <wf>A*dopt"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*dopt"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who adopts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A receiver, with two necks,
opposite to each other, one of which admits the neck of a retort, and the
other is joined to another receiver. It is used in distillations, to give
more space to elastic vapors, to increase the length of the neck of a
retort, or to unite two vessels whose openings have different
diameters.</def> [Written also <i>adapter</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>A*dop"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adoptio</i>,
allied to <i>adoptare</i> to adopt: cf. F. <i>adoption</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of adopting, or state of being adopted;
voluntary acceptance of a child of other parents to be the same as one's
own child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Admission to a more intimate relation;
reception; as, the <i>adoption</i> of persons into hospitals or
monasteries, or of one society into another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The choosing and making that to be one's own
which originally was not so; acceptance; as, the <i>adoption</i> of
opinions.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dop"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of a sect which maintained that Christ was the Son of God not by
nature but by adoption.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dop"tious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adopted.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*dopt"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adoptivus</i>:
cf. F. <i>adoptif</i>.] <def>Pertaining to adoption; made or acquired by
adoption; fitted to adopt; as, an <i>adoptive</i> father, an child; an
<i>adoptive</i> language.</def>  -- <wf>A*dopt"ive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*dor`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Adorableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dor"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adorabilis</i>,
fr. <i>adorare</i>: cf. F. <i>adorable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Deserving to be adored; worthy of divine honors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>adorable</i> Author of Christianity.<BR>
<i>Cheyne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of the utmost love or respect.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dor"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being adorable, or worthy of adoration.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dor"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an adorable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`o*ra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adoratio</i>,
fr. <i>adorare</i>: cf. F. <i>adoration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of playing honor to a divine being; the worship paid to God; the act of
addressing as a god.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The more immediate objects of popular <i>adoration</i>
amongst the heathens were deified human beings.<BR>
<i>Farmer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Homage paid to one in high esteem; profound
veneration; intense regard and love; fervent devotion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A method of electing a pope by the expression of
homage from two thirds of the conclave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Pole] might have been chosen on the spot by
<i>adoration</i>.<BR>
<i>Froude.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*dore"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.
Adored (&?;); p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Adoring</u> (&?;).] [OE.
<i>aouren</i>, <i>anouren</i>, <i>adoren</i>, OF. <i>aorer</i>,
<i>adorer</i>, F. <i>adorer</i>, fr. L. <i>adorare</i>; <i>ad</i> +
<i>orare</i> to speak, pray, <i>os</i>, <i>oris</i>, mouth. In OE. confused
with <i>honor</i>, the French prefix <i>a-</i> being confused with OE.
<i>a</i>, <i>an</i>, on.  See <u>Oral</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
worship with profound reverence; to pay divine honors to; to honor as deity
or as divine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bishops and priests, . . . bearing the host, which he [James
&?;.] publicly <i>adored</i>.<BR>
<i>Smollett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To love in the highest degree; to regard with
the utmost esteem and affection; to idolize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great mass of the population abhorred Popery and
<i>adored</i> Montouth.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*dore"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To adorn.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Congealed little drops which do the morn <i>adore</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*dore"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of adoring; adoration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dor"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who adores; a
worshiper; one who admires or loves greatly; an ardent admirer.</def> "An
<i>adorer</i> of truth."  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I profess myself her <i>adorer</i>, not her friend.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*dor"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
adoration.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dorn"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adorned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adorning</u>.] [OE. <i>aournen</i>, <i>anournen</i>, <i>adornen</i>, OF.
<i>aorner</i>, fr. L. <i>aaornare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>ornare</i> to
furnish, embellish. See <u>Adore</u>, <u>Ornate</u>.] <def>To deck or dress
with ornaments; to embellish; to set off to advantage; to render pleasing
or attractive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a bride <i>adorneth</i> herself with her jewels.<BR>
<i>Isa. lxi. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>At church, with meek and unaffected grace,<BR>
His looks <i>adorned</i> the venerable place.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To deck; decorate; embellish; ornament; beautify; grace;
dignify; exalt; honor.  -- To <u>Adorn</u>, <u>Ornament</u>,
<u>Decorate</u>, <u>Embellish</u>. We <i>decorate</i> and <i>ornament</i>
by putting on some <i>adjunct</i> which is attractive or beautiful, and
which serves to heighten the general effect. Thus, a lady's head-dress may
be <i>ornament</i> or <i>decorated</i> with flowers or jewelry; a hall may
be <i>decorated</i> or <i>ornament</i> with carving or gilding, with
wreaths of flowers, or with hangings. <i>Ornament</i> is used in a wider
sense than <i>decorate</i>. To <i>embellish</i> is to beautify or ornament
richly, not so much by mere additions or details as by modifying the thing
itself as a whole. It sometimes means gaudy and artificial decoration. We
<i>embellish</i> a book with rich engravings; a style is <i>embellished</i>
with rich and beautiful imagery; a shopkeeper <i>embellishes</i> his front
window to attract attention. <i>Adorn</i> is sometimes identical with
<i>decorate</i>, as when we say, a lady was <i>adorned</i> with jewels. In
other cases, it seems to imply something more. Thus, we speak of a gallery
of paintings as <i>adorned</i> with the works of some of the great masters,
or <i>adorned</i> with noble statuary and columns. Here <i>decorated</i>
and <i>ornamented</i> would hardly be appropriate. There is a value in
these works of genius beyond mere show and ornament. <i>Adorn</i> may be
used of what is purely moral; as, a character <i>adorned</i> with every
Christian grace. Here neither <i>decorate</i>, nor <i>ornament</i>, nor
<i>embellish</i> is proper.</p>

<p><hw>A*dorn"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Adornment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dorn"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adorned; decorated.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`or*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Adornment.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*dorn"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>He who, or that
which, adorns; a beautifier.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dorn"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By adorning;
decoratively.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dorn"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>adornement</i>. See <u>Adorn</u>.] <def>An adorning; an ornament; a
decoration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*os"cu*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adosculari</i>, <i>adosculatum</i>, to kiss. See <u>Osculate</u>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Impregnation by external contact, without
intromission.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*down"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>adun</i>,
<i>adoun</i>, <i>adune</i>. AS. <i>of d</i>&umacr;<i>ne</i> off the hill.
See <u>Down</u>.] <def>From a higher to a lower situation; downward; down,
to or on the ground.</def> [Archaic] "Thrice did she sink <i>adown</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*down"</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Down.</def> [Archaic &
Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her hair <i>adown</i> her shoulders loosely lay
displayed.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*press"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>adpressus</i>,
p. p. of <i>adprimere</i>.] <def>See <u>Appressed</u>.</def>  --
<wf>Ad*pressed"</wf>, (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*drad"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [P. p. of
<i>adread</i>.] <def>Put in dread; afraid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"ra*gant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a corruption of
<i>tragacanth</i>.] <def>Gum tragacanth.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dread"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>andr&aelig;dan</i>, <i>ondr&aelig;</i>; pref. <i>a-</i> (for <i>and</i>
against) + <i>dr&aelig;den</i> to dread. See <u>Dread</u>.] <def>To
dread.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dreamed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Visited by a
dream; -- used in the phrase, <i>To be adreamed</i>, to dream.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*re"nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ad-</i> +
<i>renal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Suprarenal.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"dri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Hadrianus</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to the Adriatic Sea; as, <i>Adrian</i> billows.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`dri*at"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Adriaticus</i>,
<i>Hadriaticus</i>, fr. <i>Adria</i> or <i>Hadria</i>, a town of the
Veneti.] <def>Of or pertaining to a sea so named, the northwestern part of
which is known as the Gulf of Venice.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*drift"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i>
(for <i>on</i>) + <i>drift</i>.] <def>Floating at random; in a drifting
condition; at the mercy of wind and waves. Also fig.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So on the sea shall be set <i>adrift</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Were from their daily labor turned <i>adrift</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*drip"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> in
+ <i>drip</i>.] <def>In a dripping state; as, leaves all
<i>adrip</i>.</def>  <i>D. G. Mitchell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"ro*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Arrogate</u>.] <i>(Rom. Law)</i> <def>To adopt (a person who is his own
master).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`ro*ga"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adrogatio</i>,
<i>arrogatio</i>, fr. <i>adrogare</i>. See <u>Arrogate</u>.] <i>(Rom.
Law)</i> <def>A kind of adoption in ancient Rome. See
<u>Arrogation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*droit"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>adroit</i>;
<i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) = <i>droit</i> straight, right, fr. L.
<i>directus</i>, p. p. of <i>dirigere</i>. See <u>Direct</u>.]
<def>Dexterous in the use of the hands or in the exercise of the mental
faculties; exhibiting skill and readiness in avoiding danger or escaping
difficulty; ready in invention or execution; -- applied to persons and to
acts; as, an <i>adroit</i> mechanic, an <i>adroit</i> reply.</def>
"<i>Adroit</i> in the application of the telescope and quadrant."
<i>Horsley.</i> "He was <i>adroit</i> in intrigue."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dexterous; skillful; expert; ready; clever; deft;
ingenious; cunning; ready-witted.</p>

<p><hw>A*droit"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an adroit
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*droit"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
adroit; skill and readiness; dexterity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Adroitness</i> was as requisite as courage.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Skill</u>.</p>

<p><hw>A*dry"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> (for
<i>on</i>) + <i>dry</i>.] <def>In a dry or thirsty condition.</def> "A man
that is <i>adry</i>."  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`sci*ti"tious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adscitus</i>, p. p. of <i>adsciscere</i>, <i>asciscere</i>, to take
knowingly; <i>ad</i> + <i>sciscere</i> to seek to know, approve,
<i>scire</i> to know.] <def>Supplemental; additional; adventitious;
ascititious.</def> "<i>Adscititious</i> evidence." <i>Bowring.</i>  --
<wf>Ad`sci*ti"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ad"script</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adscriptus</i>, p.
p. of <i>adscribere</i>   to enroll. See <u>Ascribe</u>.] <def>Held to
service as attached to the soil; -- said of feudal serfs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"script</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One held to service
as attached to the glebe or estate; a feudal serf.</def>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*scrip"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adscriptivus</i>. See <u>Adscript</u>.] <def>Attached or annexed to the
glebe or estate and transferable with it.</def>  <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*sig`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Additional signification.</def> [R.]  <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*sig"ni*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adsignificare</i> to show.] <def>To denote additionally.</def> [R.]
<i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*strict"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ad*stric"tion</wf>, (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Astrict</u>,
and <u>Astriction</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*stric"to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Astrictory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*strin"gent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Astringent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ad`u*la"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Adula</i>,
a mountain peak in Switzerland, where fine specimens are found.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A transparent or translucent variety of common feldspar,
or orthoclase, which often shows pearly opalescent reflections; -- called
by lapidaries <i>moonstone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"u*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>adulatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>adulari</i>.] <def>To flatter in a servile way.</def>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`u*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>adulation</i>,
fr. L. <i>adulatio</i>, fr. <i>adulari</i>, <i>adulatum</i>, to flatter.]
<def>Servile flattery; praise in excess, or beyond what is
merited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Think'st thou the fiery fever will go out<BR>
With titles blown from <i>adulation</i>?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sycophancy; cringing; fawning; obsequiousness;
blandishment.  -- <u>Adulation</u>, <u>Flattery</u>, <u>Compliment</u>. Men
deal in <i>compliments</i> from a desire to please; they use
<i>flattery</i> either from undue admiration, or a wish to gratify vanity;
they practice <i>adulation</i> from sordid motives, and with a mingled
spirit of falsehood and hypocrisy. <i>Compliment</i> may be a sincere
expression of due respect and esteem, or it may be unmeaning;
<i>flattery</i> is apt to become gross; <i>adulation</i> is always servile,
and usually fulsome.</p>

<p><hw>Ad"u*la`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>adulari</i>: cf. F. <i>adulateur</i>.] <def>A servile or hypocritical
flatterer.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"u*la*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adulatorius</i>, fr. <i>adulari</i>: cf. OF. <i>adulatoire</i>.]
<def>Containing excessive praise or compliment; servilely praising;
flattering; as, an <i>adulatory</i> address.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mere rant of <i>adulatory</i> freedom.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad"u*la`tress</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
flatters with servility.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dult"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adultus</i>, p. p.
of <i>adolescere</i>, akin to <i>alere</i> to nourish: cf. F.
<i>adulte</i>. See <u>Adolescent</u>, <u>Old</u>.] <def>Having arrived at
maturity, or to full size and strength; matured; as, an <i>adult</i> person
or plant; an <i>adult</i> ape; an <i>adult</i> age.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dult"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person, animal, or plant
grown to full size and strength; one who has reached maturity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the <i>common law</i>, the term is applied to a person who has
attained full age or legal majority; in the <i>civil law</i>, to males
after the age of fourteen, and to females after twelve.</p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adulterare</i>.] <def>To commit adultery; to pollute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter*ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adulterans</i>, p. pr. of <i>adulterare</i>.] <def>That which is used to
adulterate anything.</def> --   <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Adulterating;
as, <i>adulterant</i> agents and processes.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adulterated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adulterating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>adulteratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>adulterare</i>, fr. <i>adulter</i> adulterer, prob. fr. <i>ad</i> +
<i>alter</i>   other, properly one who approaches another on account of
unlawful love. Cf. <u>Advoutry</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To defile by adultery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To corrupt, debase, or make impure by an
admixture of a foreign or a baser substance; as, to <i>adulterate</i> food,
drink, drugs, coin, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The present war has . . . <i>adulterated</i> our tongue with
strange words.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To corrupt; defile; debase; contaminate; vitiate;
sophisticate.</p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To commit
adultery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tainted with adultery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Debased by the admixture of a foreign substance;
adulterated; spurious.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>A*dul"ter*ate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>A*dul"ter*ate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*dul`ter*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adulteratio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of adulterating;
corruption, or debasement (esp. of food or drink) by foreign
mixture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shameless <i>adulteration</i> of the coin.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An adulterated state or product.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter*a`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
adulterates or corrupts.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed fr. the verb
<i>adulter</i>, with the E. ending <i>-er</i>. See <u>Advoutrer</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man who commits adultery; a married man who has
sexual intercourse with a woman not his wife.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>A man who violates his
religious covenant.</def>  <i>Jer. ix. 2.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter*ess</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fem. from L.
<i>adulter</i>. Cf. <u>Advoutress</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman who
commits adultery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>A woman who violates her
religious engagements.</def>  <i>James iv. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter*ine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adulterinus</i>, fr. <i>adulter</i>.] <def>Proceeding from adulterous
intercourse. Hence: Spurious; without the support of law;
illegal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When any particular class of artificers or traders thought
proper to act as a corporation without a charter, such were called
<i>adulterine</i> guilds.<BR>
<i>Adam Smith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter*ine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An illegitimate
child.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To commit
adultery.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Guilty of, or given to, adultery; pertaining to adultery;
illicit.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by adulteration; spurious.</def>
"An <i>adulterous</i> mixture." [Obs.]  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an adulterous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dul"ter*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Adulteries</b></plw>(&?;). [L. <i>adulterium</i>. See
<u>Advoutry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The unfaithfulness of a married
person to the marriage bed; sexual intercourse by a married man with
another than his wife, or voluntary sexual intercourse by a married woman
with another than her husband.</def></p>

<p><! p. 25 !></p>

<p>&fist; It is adultery on the part of the married wrongdoer.</p>

<p>The word has also been used to characterize the act of an unmarried
participator, the other being married. In the United States the definition
varies with the local statutes. Unlawful intercourse between two married
persons is sometimes called <i>double adultery</i>; between a married and
an unmarried person, <i>single adultery</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adulteration; corruption.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Lewdness or
unchastity of thought as well as act, as forbidden by the seventh
commandment.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Faithlessness in
religion.</def>  <i>Jer. iii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>The fine and penalty imposed
for the offense of adultery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The intrusion of a person into a
bishopric during the life of the bishop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Injury; degradation; ruin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You might wrest the caduceus out of my hand to the
<i>adultery</i> and spoil of nature.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*dult"ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
adult.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*um"brant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adumbrans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>adumbrare</i>.] <def>Giving a faint shadow, or slight
resemblance; shadowing forth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*um"brate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adumbratus</i>, p. p. of <i>adumbrare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>umbrare</i> to
shade; <i>umbra</i> shadow.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a faint shadow or slight representation
of; to outline; to shadow forth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both in the vastness and the richness of the visible
universe the invisible God is <i>adumbrated</i>.<BR>
<i>L. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overshadow; to shade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`um*bra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adumbratio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of adumbrating, or
shadowing forth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A faint sketch; an outline; an imperfect
portrayal or representation of a thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Elegant <i>adumbrations</i> of sacred truth.<BR>
<i>Bp. Horsley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The shadow or outlines of a
figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*um"bra*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Faintly
representing; typical.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`u*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adunatio</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>unus</i> one.] <def>A uniting; union.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*dunc"</hw>, <hw>A*dunque"</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Hooked; as, a parrot has an <i>adunc</i>
bill.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dun"ci*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aduncitas</i>.
See <u>Aduncous</u>.] <def>Curvature inwards; hookedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>aduncity</i> of the beaks of hawks.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*dun"cous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aduncus</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>uncus</i> hooked, hook.] <def>Curved inwards;
hooked.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dure"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>adurere</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>urere</i> to burn.] <def>To burn up.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dust"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adustus</i>, p. p.
of <i>adurere</i>: cf. F. <i>aduste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inflamed
or scorched; fiery.</def> "The Libyan air <i>adust</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Looking as if or scorched; sunburnt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tall, thin man, of an <i>adust</i> complexion.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having much heat in the
constitution and little serum in the blood. [Obs.] Hence: Atrabilious;
sallow; gloomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*dust"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Burnt; adust.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*dust"i*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
burnt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*dus"tion</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adustio</i>,
fr. <i>adurere</i>, <i>adustum</i>: cf. F. <i>adustion</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of burning, or heating to dryness; the
state of being thus heated or dried.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Cauterization.</def>
<i>Buchanan.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ad va*lo"rem</hw> (&?;). [L., according to the value.]
<i>(Com.)</i> <def>A term used to denote a duty or charge laid upon goods,
at a certain rate per cent upon their value, as stated in their invoice, --
in opposition to a specific sum upon a given quantity or number; as, an
<i>ad valorem</i> duty of twenty per cent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vance"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Advanced</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Advancing</u> (&?;)(#).] [OE. <i>avancen</i>, <i>avauncen</i>, F.
<i>avancer</i>, fr. a supposed LL. <i>abantiare</i>; <i>ab</i> +
<i>ante</i> (F. <i>avant</i>) before. The spelling with <i>d</i> was a
mistake, <i>a-</i> being supposed to be fr. L. <i>ad</i>. See
<u>Avaunt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring forward; to move towards
the van or front; to make to go on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise; to elevate.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . <i>advanced</i> their eyelids.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To raise to a higher rank; to promote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ahasueres . . . <i>advanced</i> him, and set his seat above
all the princes.<BR>
<i>Esther iii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To accelerate the growth or progress; to
further; to forward; to help on; to aid; to heighten; as, to <i>advance</i>
the ripening of fruit; to <i>advance</i> one's interests.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bring to view or notice; to offer or propose;
to show; as, to <i>advance</i> an argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some ne'er <i>advance</i> a judgment of their own.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To make earlier, as an event or date; to
hasten.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To furnish, as money or other value, before it
becomes due, or in aid of an enterprise; to supply beforehand; as, a
merchant <i>advances</i> money on a contract or on goods consigned to
him.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To raise to a higher point; to enhance; to raise
in rate; as, to <i>advance</i> the price of goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To extol; to laud.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Greatly <i>advancing</i> his gay chivalry.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To raise; elevate; exalt; aggrandize; improve; heighten;
accelerate; allege; adduce; assign.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*vance"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
move or go forward; to proceed; as, he <i>advanced</i> to greet
me.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To increase or make progress in any respect; as,
to <i>advance</i> in knowledge, in stature, in years, in price.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rise in rank, office, or consequence; to be
preferred or promoted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Advanced</i> to a level with ancient peers.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vance"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>avance</i>, fr.
<i>avancer</i>. See <u>Advance</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of advancing or moving forward or upward;
progress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Improvement or progression, physically,
mentally, morally, or socially; as, an <i>advance</i> in health, knowledge,
or religion; an <i>advance</i> in rank or office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An addition to the price; rise in price or
value; as, an <i>advance</i> on the prime cost of goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The first step towards the attainment of a
result; approach made to gain favor, to form an acquaintance, to adjust a
difference, etc.; an overture; a tender; an offer; -- usually in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] made the like <i>advances</i> to the dissenters.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A furnishing of something before an equivalent
is received (as money or goods), towards a capital or stock, or on loan;
payment beforehand; the money or goods thus furnished; money or value
supplied beforehand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall, with pleasure, make the necessary
<i>advances</i>.<BR>
<i>Jay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The account was made up with intent to show what
<i>advances</i> had been made.<BR>
<i>Kent.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>In advance</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In front;
before.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Beforehand; before an equivalent is
received.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>In the state of having advanced
money on account; as, A is <i>in advance</i> to B a thousand dollars or
pounds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vance"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Before in place, or
beforehand in time; -- used for <i>advanced</i>; as, an <i>advance</i>
guard, or that before the main guard or body of an army; <i>advance</i>
payment, or that made before it is due; <i>advance</i> proofs,
<i>advance</i> sheets, pages of a forthcoming volume, received in advance
of the time of publication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vanced"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In the van or front.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the front or before others, as regards
progress or ideas; as, <i>advanced</i> opinions, <i>advanced</i>
thinkers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Far on in life or time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gentleman <i>advanced</i> in years, with a hard experience
written in his wrinkles.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Advanced guard</b></col>, <cd>a detachment of troops which
precedes the march of the main body.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vance"ment</hw> (&abreve;d*v&adot;ns"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>avancement</i>, F. <i>avancement</i>. See
<u>Advance</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
advancing, or the state of being advanced; progression; improvement;
furtherance; promotion to a higher place or dignity; as, the
<i>advancement</i> of learning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In heaven . . . every one (so well they love each other)
rejoiceth and hath his part in each other's <i>advancement</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir T. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>True religion . . . proposes for its end the joint
<i>advancement</i> of the virtue and happiness of the people.<BR>
<i>Horsley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An advance of money or value; payment in
advance. See <u>Advance</u>, 5.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Property given, usually by a parent
to a child, in advance of a future distribution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Settlement on a wife, or jointure.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*van"cer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who advances; a promoter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A second branch of a buck's antler.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*van"cive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
advance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*van"tage</hw> (?; 61, 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>avantage</i>, <i>avauntage</i>, F. <i>avantage</i>, fr. <i>avant</i>
before. See <u>Advance</u>, and cf. <u>Vantage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any condition, circumstance, opportunity, or means, particularly
favorable to success, or to any desired end; benefit; as, the enemy had the
<i>advantage</i> of a more elevated position.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me <i>advantage</i> of some brief discourse.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>advantages</i> of a close alliance.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Superiority; mastery; -- with <i>of</i> or
<i>over</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest Satan should get an <i>advantage</i> of us.<BR>
<i>2 Cor. ii. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Superiority of state, or that which gives it;
benefit; gain; profit; as, the <i>advantage</i> of a good
constitution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Interest of money; increase; overplus (as the
thirteenth in the baker's dozen).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And with <i>advantage</i> means to pay thy love.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Advantage ground</b></col>, <cd>vantage ground.</cd> [R.]
<i>Clarendon.</i> -- <col><b>To have the advantage of</b></col> (any one),
<cd>to have a personal knowledge of one who does not have a reciprocal
knowledge.</cd>  "You <i>have the advantage of</i> me; I don't remember
ever to have had the honor." <i>Sheridan.</i> -- <col><b>To take advantage
of</b></col>, <cd>to profit by; (often used in a bad sense) to overreach,
to outwit.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Advantage</u>, <u>Advantageous</u>, <u>Benefit</u>,
<u>Beneficial</u>.  We speak of a thing as a <i>benefit</i>, or as
<i>beneficial</i>, when it is simply productive of good; as, the
<i>benefits</i> of early discipline; the <i>beneficial</i> effects of
adversity. We speak of a thing as an <i>advantage</i>, or as
<i>advantageous</i>, when it affords us the means of getting forward, and
places us on a "vantage ground" for further effort. Hence, there is a
difference between the <i>benefits</i> and the <i>advantages</i> of early
education; between a <i>beneficial</i> and an <i>advantageous</i>
investment of money.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*van"tage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Advantaged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Advantaging</u> (&?;).] [F. <i>avantager</i>, fr. <i>avantage</i>. See
<u>Advance</u>.] <def>To give an advantage to; to further; to promote; to
benefit; to profit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The truth is, the archbishop's own stiffness and averseness
to comply with the court designs, <i>advantaged</i> his adversaries against
him.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What is a man <i>advantaged</i>, if he gain the whole world,
and lose himself, or be cast away?<BR>
<i>Luke ix. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To advantage one's self of</b></col>, <cd>to avail one's self
of.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*van"tage*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Advantageous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad`van*ta"geous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>avantageux</i>, fr. <i>avantage</i>.] <def>Being of advantage;
conferring advantage; gainful; profitable; useful; beneficial; as, an
<i>advantageous</i> position; trade is <i>advantageous</i> to a
nation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Advabtageous</i> comparison with any other country.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>You see . . . of what use a good reputation is, and how
swift and <i>advantageous</i> a harbinger it is, wherever one goes.<BR>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad`van*ta"geous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Profitably;
with advantage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`van*ta"geous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Profitableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vene"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>advenire</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>venire</i> to come: cf. F. <i>avenir</i>, <i>advenir</i>.
See <u>Come</u>.] <def>To accede, or come (<i>to</i>); to be added to
something or become a part of it, though not essential.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where no act of the will <i>advenes</i> as a
coefficient.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"ient</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adviens</i>, p.
pr.] <def>Coming from outward causes; superadded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad`vent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adventus</i>, fr.
<i>advenire</i>, <i>adventum</i>: cf. F. <i>avent</i>. See <u>Advene</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The period including the four
Sundays before Christmas.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Advent Sunday</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the first Sunday in
the season of Advent, being always the nearest Sunday to the feast of St.
Andrew (Now. 30).</cd>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The first or the expected second coming of
Christ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Coming; any important arrival;
approach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death's dreadful <i>advent</i>.<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Expecting still his <i>advent</i> home.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad"vent*ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a religious
body, embracing several branches, who look for the proximate personal
coming of Christ; -- called also <i>Second Adventists</i>.</def>
<i>Schaff-Herzog Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`ven*ti"tious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adventitius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Added extrinsically; not
essentially inherent; accidental or causal; additional; supervenient;
foreign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To things of great dimensions, if we annex an
<i>adventitious</i> idea of terror, they become without comparison
greater.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Out of the proper or usual
place; as, <i>adventitious</i> buds or roots.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Accidentally or sparingly
spontaneous in a country or district; not fully naturalized; adventive; --
applied to foreign plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Acquired, as diseases;
accidental.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ad`ven*ti"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ad`ven*ti"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Accidental.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Adventitious.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thing or person coming
from without; an immigrant.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"tu*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
the season of advent.</def>  <i>Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>aventure</i>, <i>aunter</i>, <i>anter</i>, F. <i>aventure</i>, fr. LL.
<i>adventura</i>, fr. L. <i>advenire</i>, <i>adventum</i>, to arrive, which
in the Romance languages took the sense of "to happen, befall." See
<i>Advene</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which happens without design; chance;
hazard; hap; hence, chance of danger or loss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nay, a far less good to man it will be found, if she must,
at all <i>adventures</i>, be fastened upon him individually.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Risk; danger; peril.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was in great <i>adventure</i> of his life.<BR>
<i>Berners.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The encountering of risks; hazardous and
striking enterprise; a bold undertaking, in which hazards are to be
encountered, and the issue is staked upon unforeseen events; a daring
feat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He loved excitement and <i>adventure</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A remarkable occurrence; a striking event; a
stirring incident; as, the <i>adventures</i> of one's life.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A mercantile or speculative enterprise of
hazard; a venture; a shipment by a merchant on his own account.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A bill of adventure</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a writing
setting forth that the goods shipped are at the owner's risk.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Undertaking; enterprise; venture; event.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adventured</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adventuring</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>aventuren</i>, <i>auntren</i>, F.
<i>aventurer</i>, fr. <i>aventure</i>. See <u>Adventure</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To risk, or hazard; jeopard;
to venture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would not <i>adventure</i> himself into the theater.<BR>
<i>Acts xix. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To venture upon; to run the risk of; to
dare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet they <i>adventured</i> to go back.<BR>
<i>Bunyan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Discriminations might be <i>adventured</i>.<BR>
<i>J. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To try the chance; to
take the risk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would <i>adventure</i> for such merchandise.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"ture*ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to
adventure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"tur*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>aventurier</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who adventures; as, the merchant
<i>adventurers</i>; one who seeks his fortune in new and hazardous or
perilous enterprises.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A social pretender on the lookout for
advancement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"ture*some</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of risk;
adventurous; venturesome.</def>  -- <wf>Ad*ven"ture*some*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"tur*ess</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
adventurer; a woman who tries to gain position by equivocal
means.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"tur*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>aventurous</i>, <i>aunterous</i>, OF. <i>aventuros</i>, F.
<i>aventureux</i>, fr. <i>aventure</i>. See <u>Adventure</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to adventure;
willing to incur hazard; prone to embark in hazardous enterprise; rashly
daring; -- applied to persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bold deed thou hast presumed, <i>adventurous</i> Eve.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of hazard; attended with risk; exposing to
danger; requiring courage; rash; -- applied to acts; as, an
<i>adventurous</i> undertaking, deed, song.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rash; foolhardy; presumptuous; enterprising; daring;
hazardous; venturesome. See <u>Rash</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"tur*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
adventurous manner; venturesomely; boldly; daringly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ven"tur*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being adventurous; daring; venturesomeness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"verb</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adverbium</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>verbum</i> word, verb: cf. F. <i>adverbe</i>.]
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word used to modify the sense of a verb, participle,
adjective, or other adverb, and usually placed near it; as, he writes
<i>well</i>; paper <i>extremely</i> white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ver"bi*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adverbialis</i>: cf. F. <i>adverbial</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to an
adverb; of the nature of an adverb; as, an <i>adverbial</i> phrase or
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ver`bi*al"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being adverbial.</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ver"bi*al*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give
the force or form of an adverb to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ver"bi*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of
an adverb.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ad`ver*sa"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adversaria</i> (sc. <i>scripta</i>), neut. pl. of <i>adversarius</i>.]
<def>A miscellaneous collection of notes, remarks, or selections; a
commonplace book; also, commentaries or notes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These parchments are supposed to have been St. Paul's
<i>adversaria</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Bull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad`ver*sa"ri*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hostile.</def> [R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`ver*sa*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Adversaries</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>adversarie</i>, direct fr. the
Latin, and <i>adversaire</i>, fr. OF. <i>adversier</i>, <i>aversier</i>,
fr. L. <i>adversarius</i> (a.) turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See
<u>Adverse</u>.] <def>One who is turned against another or others with a
design to oppose<! p. 26 !> or resist them; a member of an opposing or
hostile party; an opponent; an antagonist; an enemy; a foe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His ancient knot of dangerous <i>adversaries</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Agree with thine <i>adversary</i> quickly.<BR>
<i>Matt. v. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It may be thought that to vindicate the permanency of truth
is to dispute without an <i>adversary</i>.<BR>
<i>Beattie.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>The Adversary</b></col>, <cd>The Satan, or the Devil.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Adversary</u>, <u>Enemy</u>, <u>Opponent</u>,
<u>Antagonist</u>.  <i>Enemy</i> is the only one of these words which
necessarily implies a state of personal hostility. Men may be
<i>adversaries</i>, <i>antagonists</i>, or <i>opponents</i> to each other
in certain respects, and yet have no feelings of general animosity. An
<i>adversary</i> may be simply one who is placed for a time in a hostile
position, as in a lawsuit, an argument, in chess playing, or at fence. An
<i>opponent</i> is one who is ranged against another (perhaps passively) on
the opposing side; as a political <i>opponent</i>, an <i>opponent</i> in
debate. An <i>antagonist</i> is one who struggles against another with
active effort, either in a literal fight or in verbal debate.</p>

<p><hw>Ad"ver*sa*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Opposed; opposite; adverse; antagonistic.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Bp.
King.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Having an opposing party; not
unopposed; as, an <i>adversary</i> suit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ver"sa*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>adversativus</i>, fr. <i>adversari</i>.] <def>Expressing contrariety,
opposition, or antithesis; as, an <i>adversative</i> conjunction
(<i>but</i>, <i>however</i>, <i>yet</i>, etc. ); an <i>adversative</i>
force.</def>  -- <wf>Ad*ver"sa*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ver"sa*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adversative
word.</def>  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"verse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>advers</i>, OF.
<i>avers</i>, <i>advers</i>, fr. L. <i>adversus</i>, p. p. <i>advertere</i>
to turn to. See <u>Advert</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Acting against, or in a contrary direction;
opposed; contrary; opposite; conflicting; as, <i>adverse</i> winds; an
<i>adverse</i> party; a spirit <i>adverse</i> to distinctions of
caste.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Opposite.</def> "Calpe's <i>adverse</i> height."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In hostile opposition to; unfavorable;
unpropitious; contrary to one's wishes; unfortunate; calamitous;
afflictive; hurtful; as, <i>adverse</i> fates, <i>adverse</i>
circumstances, things <i>adverse</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Happy were it for us all if we bore prosperity as well and
wisely as we endure an <i>adverse</i> fortune.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Adverse possession</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a possession of
real property avowedly contrary to some claim of title in another
person.</cd>  <i>Abbott.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Averse; reluctant; unwilling. See <u>Averse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*verse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>adversari</i>:
cf. OF. <i>averser</i>.] <def>To oppose; to resist.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"verse*ly</hw> (277), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an adverse
manner; inimically; unfortunately; contrariwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"verse*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being adverse; opposition.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ad*ver`si*fo"li*ate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ad*ver`si*fo"li*ous</hw> (&?;)
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adversus</i> opposite + <i>folium</i> leaf.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having opposite leaves, as plants which have the leaves
so arranged on the stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ver"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>adversio</i>]
<def>A turning towards; attention.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*ver"si*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Adversities</b></plw>(&?;). [OE. <i>adversite</i>, F.
<i>adversit&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>adversitas</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Opposition; contrariety.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Adversity</i> is not without comforts and hopes.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Affliction; distress; misery; disaster; trouble;
suffering; trial.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*vert"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Adverted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Adverting</u>.] [L. <i>advertere</i>, v. t., to turn to; <i>ad</i> +
<i>vertere</i> to turn: cf. F. <i>avertir</i>. See <u>Advertise</u>.]
<def>To turn the mind or attention; to refer; to take heed or notice; --
with <i>to</i>; as, he <i>adverted</i> to what was said.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I may again <i>advert</i> to the distinction.<BR>
<i>Owen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b>- To refer; allude; regard. See <u>Refer</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ad*vert"ence</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ad*vert"en*cy</hw> (&?;), } [OF.
<i>advertence</i>, <i>avertence</i>, LL. <i>advertentia</i>, fr. L.
<i>advertens</i>. See <u>Advertent</u>.] <def>The act of adverting, of the
quality of being advertent; attention; notice; regard;
heedfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To this difference it is right that <i>advertence</i> should
be had in regulating taxation.<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vert"ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>advertens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>advertere</i>. See <u>Advert</u>.]
<def>Attentive; heedful; regardful.</def> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i>  --
<wf>Ad*vert"ent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ad`ver*tise"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Advertised</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Advertising</u> (&?;).] [F. <i>avertir</i>, formerly also spelt
<i>advertir</i>, to warn, give notice to, L. <i>advertere</i> to turn to.
The ending was probably influenced by the noun <i>advertisement</i>. See
<u>Advert</u>.] <def>To give notice to; to inform or apprise; to notify; to
make known; hence, to warn; -- often followed by <i>of</i> before the
subject of information; as, to <i>advertise</i> a man of his loss.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>advertise</i> thee what this people shall do.<BR>
<i>Num. xxiv. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give public notice of; to announce publicly,
esp. by a printed notice; as, to <i>advertise</i> goods for sale, a lost
article, the sailing day of a vessel, a political meeting.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To apprise; inform; make known; notify; announce;
proclaim; promulgate; publish.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*ver"tise*ment</hw> (&abreve;d*v&etilde;r"t&ibreve;z*m<i>e</i>nt
<i>or</i> &abreve;d`v&etilde;r*t&imacr;z"m<i>e</i>nt; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>avertisement</i>, formerly also spelled
<i>advertissement</i>, a warning, giving notice, fr. <i>avertir</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of informing or notifying;
notification.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>advertisement</i> of danger.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Admonition; advice; warning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore give me no counsel:<BR>
My griefs cry louder than <i>advertisement</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A public notice, especially a paid notice in
some public print; anything that advertises; as, a newspaper containing
many <i>advertisements</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`ver*tis"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, advertises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vice"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>avis</i>, F.
<i>avis</i>; <i>&?;</i> + OF. <i>vis</i>, fr. L. <i>visum</i> seemed, seen;
really p. p. of <i>videre</i> to see, so that <i>vis</i> meant that which
has seemed best. See <u>Vision</u>, and cf. <u>Avise</u>, <u>Advise</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opinion recommended or offered, as worthy to be
followed; counsel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We may give <i>advice</i>, but we can not give conduct.<BR>
<i>Franklin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deliberate consideration; knowledge.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How shall I dote on her with more <i>advice</i>,<BR>
That thus without <i>advice</i> begin to love her?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Information or notice given; intelligence; as,
late <i>advices</i> from France; -- commonly in the plural.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In commercial language, <i>advice</i> usually means information
communicated by letter; -- used chiefly in reference to drafts or bills of
exchange; as, a letter of <i>advice</i>.  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Crim. Law)</i> <def>Counseling to perform a
specific illegal act.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Advice boat</b></col>, <cd>a vessel employed to carry dispatches
or to reconnoiter; a dispatch boat.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
advice</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To accept advice.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To consult with another or others.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Counsel; suggestion; recommendation; admonition;
exhortation; information; notice.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*vis`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being advisable; advisableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vis"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Proper to be advised or to be done; expedient; prudent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some judge it <i>advisable</i> for a man to account with his
heart every day.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ready to receive advice.</def> [R.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Expedient; proper; desirable; befitting.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*vis"a*ble-ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being advisable or expedient; expediency; advisability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vis"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With advice;
wisely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vise"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Advised</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Advising</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>avisen</i> to perceive, consider, inform,
F. <i>aviser</i>, fr. LL. <i>advisare</i>. <i>advisare</i>; <i>ad</i> +
<i>visare</i>, fr. L. <i>videre</i>, <i>visum</i>, to see. See
<u>Advice</u>, and cf. <u>Avise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give
advice to; to offer an opinion, as worthy or expedient to be followed; to
counsel; to warn.</def> "I shall no more <i>advise</i> thee."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give information or notice to; to inform; --
with <i>of</i> before the thing communicated; as, we were <i>advised</i> of
the risk.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To advise one's self</b></col>, <cd>to bethink one's self; to
take counsel with one's self; to reflect; to consider.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bid thy master well <i>advise</i> himself.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To counsel; admonish; apprise; acquaint.</p>

<p><hw>Ad*vise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
consider; to deliberate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Advise</i> if this be worth attempting.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take counsel; to consult; -- followed by
<i>with</i>; as, to <i>advise</i> with friends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vis"ed*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Circumspectly; deliberately; leisurely.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With deliberate purpose; purposely; by
design.</def>  "<i>Advisedly</i> undertaken."  <i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vis"ed*ness</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Deliberate
consideration; prudent procedure; caution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vise"ment</hw> (&abreve;d*v&imacr;z"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>avisement</i>, F. <i>avisement</i>, fr.
<i>aviser</i>. See <u>Advise</u>, and cf. <u>Avisement</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Counsel; advice; information.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>And mused awhile, waking <i>advisement</i> takes of what had
passed in sleep.<BR>
<i>Daniel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consideration; deliberation;
consultation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tempering the passion with <i>advisement</i> slow.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vis"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
advises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vis"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of an
adviser.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*vi"so</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp. <i>aviso</i>. See
<u>Advice</u>.] <def>Advice; counsel; suggestion; also, a dispatch or
advice boat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vi"so*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power to
advise; containing advice; as, an <i>advisory</i> council; their opinion is
merely <i>advisory</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The General Association has a general <i>advisory</i>
superintendence over all the ministers and churches.<BR>
<i>Trumbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad"vo*ca*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>advocatie</i>,
LL. <i>advocatia</i>. See <u>Advocate</u>.] <def>The act of pleading for or
supporting; work of advocating; intercession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"vo*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>avocat</i>,
<i>avocet</i>, OF. <i>avocat</i>, fr. L. <i>advocatus</i>, one summoned or
called to another; properly the p. p. of <i>advocare</i> to call to, call
to one's aid; <i>ad</i> + <i>vocare</i> to call. See <u>Advowee</u>,
<u>Avowee</u>, <u>Vocal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who pleads the
cause of another. Specifically: One who pleads the cause of another before
a tribunal or judicial court; a counselor.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the English and American Law, <i>advocate</i> is the same as
"counsel," "counselor," or "barrister." In the civil and ecclesiastical
courts, the term signifies the same as "counsel" at the common law.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who defends, vindicates, or espouses any
cause by argument; a pleader; as, an <i>advocate</i> of free trade, an
<i>advocate</i> of truth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Christ, considered as an intercessor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have an <i>Advocate</i> with the Father.<BR>
<i>1 John ii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Faculty of advocates</b></col> <i>(Scot.)</i>, <cd>the Scottish
bar in Edinburgh.</cd> -- <col><b>Lord advocate</b></col> <i>(Scot.)</i>,
<cd>the public prosecutor of crimes, and principal crown lawyer.</cd> --
<col><b>Judge advocate</b></col>.  <cd>See under <u>Judge</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ad"vo*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Advocated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Advocating</u> (&?;).] [See <u>Advocate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Advoke</u>, <u>Avow</u>.] <def>To plead in favor of; to defend by
argument, before a tribunal or the public; to support, vindicate, or
recommend publicly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>advocate</i> the cause of thy client.<BR>
<i>Bp. Sanderson (1624).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the only thing distinct and sensible, that has been
<i>advocated</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Eminent orators were engaged to <i>advocate</i> his
cause.<BR>
<i>Mitford.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad"vo*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act as
advocate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"vo*cate*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Office or duty of an
advocate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`vo*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>advocatio</i>:
cf. OF. <i>avocation</i>. See <u>Advowson</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of advocating or pleading; plea; advocacy.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The holy Jesus . . . sits in heaven in a perpetual
<i>advocation</i> for us.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Advowson.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The donations or <i>advocations</i> of church livings.<BR>
<i>Sanderson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The process of removing a
cause from an inferior court to the supreme court.</def>  <i>Bell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad"vo*ca*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an advocate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*voke"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>advocare</i>.
See <u>Advocate</u>.] <def>To summon; to call.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Queen Katharine had privately prevailed with the pope to
<i>advoke</i> the cause to Rome.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ad`vo*lu"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>advolvere</i>,
<i>advolutum</i>, to roll to.] <def>A rolling toward something.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*vou"trer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>avoutre</i>,
<i>avoltre</i>, fr. L. <i>adulter</i>. Cf. <u>Adulterer</u>.] <def>An
adulterer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*vou"tress</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
adulteress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ad*vou"try</hw>, <hw>Ad*vow"try</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>avoutrie</i>, <i>avouterie</i>,
<i>advoutrie</i>, OF. <i>avoutrie</i>, <i>avulterie</i>, fr. L.
<i>adulterium</i>. Cf. <u>Adultery</u>.] <def>Adultery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vow*ee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>avowe</i>, F.
<i>avou&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>advocatus</i>. See <u>Advocate</u>,
<u>Avowee</u>, <u>Avoyer</u>.] <def>One who has an advowson.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*vow"son</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>avoweisoun</i>, OF. <i>avo&euml;son</i>, fr. L. <i>advocatio</i>. Cf.
<u>Advocation</u>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The right of presenting to a
vacant benefice or living in the church. [Originally, the relation of a
patron (<i>advocatus</i>) or protector of a benefice, and thus privileged
to nominate or present to it.]</def></p>

<p>&fist; The benefices of the Church of England are in every case subjects
of presentation. They are nearly 12,000 in number; the <i>advowson</i> of
more than half of them belongs to private persons, and of the remainder to
the crown, bishops, deans and chapters, universities, and colleges.
<i>Amer. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad*voy"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Avoyer</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ad*ward"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Award.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ad`y*na"mi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>adynamia</i>, fr. Gr. &?; want of strength; &?; priv + &?; power,
strength.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Considerable debility of the vital powers, as
in typhoid fever.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ad`y*nam"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>adynamique</i>. See <u>Adynamy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or characterized by, debility of the vital powers;
weak.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Characterized by the absence of
power or force.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Adynamic fevers</b></col>, <cd>malignant or putrid fevers
attended with great muscular debility.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*dyn"a*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Adynamia.</def>
[R.]  <i>Morin.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ad"y*tum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <plw><b>Adyta</b></plw>
(#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, n., fr. &?;, a., not to be entered; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; to enter.] <def>The innermost sanctuary or shrine in ancient
temples, whence oracles were given. Hence: A private chamber; a
sanctum.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Adz</hw>, <hw>Adze</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>adese</i>, <i>adis</i>, <i>adse</i>, AS. <i>adesa</i>, <i>adese</i>, ax,
hatchet.] <def>A carpenter's or cooper's tool, formed with a thin arching
blade set at right angles to the handle. It is used for chipping or slicing
away the surface of wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Adz</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut with an adz.</def>
[R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;</hw> or <hw>Ae</hw>. <def>A diphthong in the Latin language;
used also by the Saxon writers. It answers to the Gr. <grk>ai</grk>. The
Anglo-Saxon short <i>&aelig;</i> was generally replaced by <i>a</i>, the
long &aemacr; by <i>e</i> or <i>ee</i>.  In derivatives from Latin words
with <i>ae</i>, it is mostly superseded by <i>e</i>. For most words found
with this initial combination, the reader will therefore search under the
letter E.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&AElig;*cid"i*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>&AElig;cidia</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., dim. of Gr. &?; injury.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A form of fruit in the cycle of development of the Rusts
or Brands, an order of fungi, formerly considered independent
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;"dile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aedilis</i>,
fr. <i>aedes</i> temple, public building. Cf. <u>Edify</u>.] <def>A
magistrate in ancient Rome, who had the superintendence of public
buildings, highways, shows, etc.; hence, a municipal officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;"dile*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of an
&aelig;dile.</def>  <i>T. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;*ge"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Aegeus</i>;
Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to the sea, or arm of the Mediterranean
sea, east of Greece. See <u>Archipelago</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&AElig;`gi*cra"ni*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, goat + &?;, n. pl., heads.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Sculptured
ornaments, used in classical architecture, representing rams' heads or
skulls.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;g"i*lops</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aegilopis</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, gen. &?;, goat + &?; eye.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An ulcer or fistula in the inner
corner of the eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The great
wild-oat grass or other cornfield weed.</def> <i>Crabb.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A genus of plants, called also
<i>hardgrass</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&AElig;"gis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aegis</i>, fr.
Gr. &?; a goat skin, a shield, &?; goat, or fr. &?; to rush.] <def>A shield
or protective armor; -- applied in mythology to the shield of Jupiter which
he gave to Minerva. Also fig.: A shield; a protection.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;*goph"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Egophony</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&AElig;*gro"tat</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., he is sick.]
<i>(Camb. Univ.)</i> <def>A medical certificate that a student is
ill.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;*ne"id</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Aeneis</i>,
<i>Aeneidis</i>, or <i>-dos</i>: cf. F. <i>&Eacute;n&eacute;de</i>.]
<def>The great epic poem of Virgil, of which the hero is
&AElig;neas.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*&euml;"ne*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>a&euml;neus</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Colored like
bronze.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;*o"li*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Aeolius</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to &AElig;olia or
&AElig;olis, in Asia Minor, colonized by the Greeks, or to its inhabitants;
&aelig;olic; as, the <i>&AElig;olian</i> dialect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to &AElig;olus, the mythic god of the
winds; pertaining to, or produced by, the wind; a&euml;rial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Viewless forms the <i>&aelig;olian</i> organ play.<BR>
<i>Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>&AElig;olian attachment</b></col>, <cd>a contrivance often
attached to a pianoforte, which prolongs the vibrations, increases the
volume of sound, etc., by forcing a stream of air upon the strings.</cd>
<i>Moore.</i> -- <col><b>&AElig;olian harp</b></col>, <col><b>&AElig;olian
lyre</b></col>, <cd>a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or in
which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the notes; -
- usually placed at an open window.</cd> <i>Moore.</i> --
<col><b>&AElig;olian mode</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>one of the ancient
Greek and early ecclesiastical modes.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 27 !></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;*ol"ic</hw> (&esl;*&obreve;l"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>Aeolicus</i>; Gr. <grk>A'ioliko`s</grk>.] <def>&AElig;olian, 1; as,
the <i>&AElig;olic</i> dialect; the <i>&AElig;olic</i> mode.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>&AElig;*ol"i*pile</hw>, <hw>&AElig;*ol"i*pyle</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aeolipilae</i>; <i>Aeolus</i> god of the winds
+ <i>pila</i> a ball, or Gr. &?; gate (<i>i. e.</i>, doorway of
&AElig;olus); cf. F. <i>&eacute;olipyle</i>.] <def>An apparatus consisting
chiefly of a closed vessel (as a globe or cylinder) with one or more
projecting bent tubes, through which steam is made to pass from the vessel,
causing it to revolve.</def> [Written also <i>eolipile</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; Such an apparatus was first described by Hero of Alexandria about
200 years <u>b. c.</u> It has often been called the first steam engine.</p>

<p><hw>&AElig;`o*lo*trop"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
changeful + &?; a turning, &?; to turn.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Exhibiting
differences of quality or property in different directions; not
isotropic.</def>  <i>Sir W. Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;`o*lot"ro*py</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Difference of quality or property in different
directions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&AElig;"o*lus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Gr. &amp; Rom. Myth.)</i> <def>The god of the winds.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;"on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A period of
immeasurable duration; also, an emanation of the Deity. See
<u>Eon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;*o"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Eternal; everlasting.</def> "<i>&AElig;onian</i> hills."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||&AElig;`py*or"nis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; high +
&?; bird.] <def>A gigantic bird found fossil in Madagascar.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>A&euml;rated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>A&euml;rating</u> (&?;).] [Cf. F. <i>a&eacute;rer</i>. See <u>Air</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To combine or charge with
gas; usually with carbonic acid gas, formerly called <i>fixed
air</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His sparkling sallies bubbled up as from <i>a&euml;rated</i>
natural fountains.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To supply or impregnate with common air; as, to
<i>a&euml;rate</i> soil; to <i>a&euml;rate</i> water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To expose to the chemical
action of air; to oxygenate (the blood) by respiration; to
arterialize.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A&euml;rated bread</b></col>, <cd>bread raised by charging dough
with carbonic acid gas, instead of generating the gas in the dough by
fermentation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>a&eacute;ration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exposure to the free
action of the air; airing; as, <i>a&euml;ration</i> of soil, of spawn,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A change produced in the blood
by exposure to the air in respiration; oxygenation of the blood in
respiration; arterialization.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or preparation of charging with carbonic
acid gas or with oxygen.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*a`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
supplies with air; esp. an apparatus used for charging mineral waters with
gas and in making soda water.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*&euml;"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>a&euml;rius</i>. See <u>Air</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the air, or atmosphere; inhabiting or frequenting the air;
produced by or found in the air; performed in the air; as,
<i>a&euml;rial</i> regions or currents.</def> "<i>A&euml;rial</i> spirits."
<i>Milton.</i> "<i>A&euml;rial</i> voyages." <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of air; resembling, or partaking of
the nature of air. Hence: Unsubstantial; unreal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rising aloft in air; high; lofty; as,
<i>a&euml;rial</i> spires.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Growing, forming, or existing in the air, as
opposed to growing or existing in earth or water, or underground; as,
<i>a&euml;rial</i> rootlets, <i>a&euml;rial</i> plants.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Light as air; ethereal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A&euml;rial acid</b></col>, <cd>carbonic acid.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Ure.</i> -- <col><b>A&euml;rial perspective</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Perspective</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*&euml;`ri*al"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being a&euml;rial; unsubstantiality.</def> [R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*&euml;"ri*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like, or
from, the air; in an a&euml;rial manner.</def> "A murmur heard
<i>a&euml;rially</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ae"rie</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aire</i>,
<i>eire</i>, <i>air</i>, nest, also origin, descent, OF. <i>aire</i>, LL.
<i>area</i>, <i>aera</i>, nest of a bird of prey, perh. fr. L. <i>area</i>
an open space (for birds of prey like to build their nests on flat and open
spaces on the top of high rocks). Cf. <u>Area</u>.] <def>The nest of a bird
of prey, as of an eagle or hawk; also a brood of such birds; eyrie.
<i>Shak.</i> Also fig.: A human residence or resting place perched like an
eagle's nest.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*if"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>a&euml;r</i> air + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F.
<i>a&eacute;rif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Conveying or containing air; air-
bearing; as, the windpipe is an <i>a&euml;riferous</i> tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>a&eacute;rification</i>. See <u>A&?;rify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of combining air with another substance, or the state of being
filled with air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of becoming a&euml;rified, or of
changing from a solid or liquid form into an a&euml;riform state; the state
of being a&euml;riform.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*i*form</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>a&euml;r</i> air + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>a&eacute;riforme</i>.]
<def>Having the form or nature of air, or of an elastic fluid; gaseous.
Hence fig.: Unreal.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*i*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>a&euml;r</i> air + <i>-fly</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To infuse air
into; to combine air with.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change into an a&euml;riform state.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o-</hw>. [Gr. &?;, &?;, air.] <def>The combining form of
the Greek word meaning <i>air</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*bies</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + Gr. &?; life.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Micro&ouml;rganisms which live in
contact with the air and need oxygen for their growth; as the microbacteria
which form on the surface of putrefactive fluids.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o*bi*ot"ic</hw> (?; 101), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Related to, or of the nature of, a&euml;robies; as,
<i>a&euml;robiotic</i> plants, which live only when supplied with free
oxygen.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*cyst</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-</i>
+ <i>cyst</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the air cells of
algals.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*dy*nam"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to the force of air in motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o*dy*nam"ics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + <i>dynamics</i>: cf. F. <i>a&eacute;rodynamique</i>.]
<def>The science which treats of the air and other gaseous bodies under the
action of force, and of their mechanical effects.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*og"no*sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + Gr. &?; knowing, knowledge: cf. F. <i>a&eacute;rognosie</i>.]
<def>The science which treats of the properties of the air, and of the part
it plays in nature.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*og"ra*pher</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in a&euml;ography: an a&euml;rologist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A`&euml;r*o*graph"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A`&euml;r*o*graph"ic*al</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a&euml;rography;
a&euml;rological.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*og"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>a&eacute;rographie</i>.] <def>A
description of the air or atmosphere; a&euml;rology.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o*hy`dro*dy*nam"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + <i>hydrodynamic</i>.] <def>Acting by the force of air
and water; as, an <i>a&euml;rohydrodynamic</i> wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-</i>
+ <i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>a&eacute;rolithe</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A
stone, or metallic mass, which has fallen to the earth from distant space;
a meteorite; a meteoric stone.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some writers limit the word to <i>stony</i> meteorites.</p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*lith</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>A&?;rolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o*li*thol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + <i>lithology</i>.] <def>The science of
a&euml;rolites.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o*lit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a&euml;rolites; meteoric; as, <i>a&euml;rolitic</i>
iron.</def>  <i>Booth.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A`&euml;r*o*log"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A`&euml;r*o*log"ic*al</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a&euml;rology.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*ol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in a&euml;rology.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>a&eacute;rologie</i>.] <def>That department
of physics which treats of the atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + <i>-mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>a&eacute;romancie</i>.] <def>Divination
from the state of the air or from atmospheric substances; also, forecasting
changes in the weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*om"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;rom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An
instrument for ascertaining the weight or density of air and
gases.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o*met"ric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a&euml;rometry; as, <i>a&euml;rometric</i>
investigations.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*om"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + <i>-metry</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;rom&eacute;trie</i>.] <def>The
science of measuring the air, including the doctrine of its pressure,
elasticity, rarefaction, and condensation; pneumatics.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*naut</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>a&eacute;ronaute</i>, fr. Gr. &?; air + &?; sailor. See
<u>Nautical</u>.] <def>An a&euml;rial navigator; a balloonist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A`&euml;r*o*naut"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A`&euml;r*o*naut"ic*al</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>a&eacute;ronauitique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to a&euml;ronautics, or a&euml;rial sailing.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o*naut"ics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
science or art of ascending and sailing in the air, as by means of a
balloon; a&euml;rial navigation; ballooning.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||A`&euml;r*o*pho"bi*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>A`&euml;r*oph"o*by</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + Gr. &?; fear: cf. F.
<i>a&eacute;rophobie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Dread of a current of
air.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*phyte</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + Gr. &?; plant, &?; to grow: cf. F. <i>a&eacute;rophyte</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant growing entirely in the air, and receiving its
nourishment from it; an air plant or epiphyte.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*plane`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + <i>plane</i>.] <def>A flying machine, or a small plane for
experiments on flying, which floats in the air only when propelled through
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*scope</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + Gr. &?; to look out.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An apparatus designed for
collecting spores, germs, bacteria, etc., suspended in the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*os"co*py</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + Gr. &?; a looking out; &?; to spy out.] <def>The observation of the
state and variations of the atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;*rose"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aerosus</i>,
fr. <i>aes</i>, <i>aeris</i>, brass, copper.] <def>Of the nature of, or
like, copper; brassy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o*sid"er*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + <i>siderite</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A mass of
meteoric iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*sphere</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + <i>sphere</i>: cf. F. <i>a&eacute;rosph&egrave;re</i>.] <def>The
atmosphere.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*stat</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>a&eacute;rostat</i>, fr. Gr. &?; air + &?; placed. See <u>Statics</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A balloon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A balloonist; an a&euml;ronaut.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>A`&euml;r*o*stat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A`&euml;r*o*stat"ic*al</hw>
(&?;),} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>a&eacute;rostatique</i>. See <u>Statical</u>, <u>Statics</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a&euml;rostatics;
pneumatic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A&euml;ronautic; as, an <i>a&euml;rostatic</i>
voyage.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o*stat"ics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
science that treats of the equilibrium of elastic fluids, or that of bodies
sustained in them. Hence it includes a&euml;ronautics.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*os*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>a&eacute;rostation</i> the art of using <i>a&euml;rostats</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A&euml;rial navigation; the art of raising and
guiding balloons in the air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The science of weighing air;
a&euml;rostatics.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>&AElig;*ru"gi*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aeruginosus</i>, fr. <i>aerugo</i> rust of copper, fr. <i>aes</i>
copper: cf. F. <i>&eacute;rugineux</i>.] <def>Of the nature or color of
verdigris, or the rust of copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&AElig;*ru"go</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aes</i>
brass, copper.] <def>The rust of any metal, esp. of brass or copper;
verdigris.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ae"ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An aerie.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Air</u>.]
<def>A&euml;rial; ethereal; incorporeal; visionary.</def> [Poetic]  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s`cu*la"pi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to &AElig;sculapius or to the healing art; medical;
medicinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s`cu*la"pi*us</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Aesculapius</i>, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>The god of medicine.
Hence, a physician.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s"cu*lin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Esculin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;*so"pi*an</hw>, <hw>E*so"pi*an</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Aesopius</i>, from Gr. &?;, fr. the famous
Greek fabulist &AElig;sop (&?;).] <def>Of or pertaining to &AElig;sop, or
in his manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;*sop"ic</hw>, <hw>E*sop"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>Aesopicus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Same as
<u>&AElig;sopian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&AElig;s*the"si*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
sensation, fr. &?; to perceive.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Perception by the
senses; feeling; -- the opposite of <i>an&aelig;sthesia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s*the`si*om"e*ter</hw>, <hw>Es*the`si*om"e*ter</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; (see <u>&AElig;sthesia</u>) + <i>-meter</i>.]
<def>An instrument to measure the degree of sensation, by determining at
how short a distance two impressions upon the skin can be distinguished,
and thus to determine whether the condition of tactile sensibility is
normal or altered.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&AElig;s*the""sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Sensuous perception.</def> [R.]  <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s`the*sod"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
sensation + &?; a way; cf. F. <i>esth&eacute;sodique</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Conveying sensory or afferent impulses; &mdash; said
of nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s"thete</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; one who
perceives.] <def>One who makes much or overmuch of &aelig;sthetics.</def>
[Recent]</p>

<p>{<hw>&AElig;s*thet"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>&AElig;s*thet"ic*al</hw> (&?;),}
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or Pertaining to &aelig;sthetics; versed in
&aelig;sthetics; as, <i>&aelig;sthetic</i> studies, emotions, ideas,
persons, etc.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>&AElig;s*thet"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s`the*ti"can</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in &aelig;sthetics.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s*thet"i*cism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine of &aelig;sthetics; &aelig;sthetic principles; devotion to the
beautiful in nature and art.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s*thet"ics</hw>, <hw>Es*thet"ics</hw> (&?;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; perceptive, esp. by feeling, fr. &?; to
perceive, feel: cf. G. <i>&auml;sthetik</i>, F. <i>esth&eacute;tique</i>.]
<def>The theory or philosophy of taste; the science of the beautiful in
nature and art; esp. that which treats of the expression and embodiment of
beauty by art.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s`tho-phys`i*ol"o*gy</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
to perceive + E. <i>physiology</i>.] <def>The science of sensation in
relation to nervous action.</def>  <i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s"ti*val</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aestivalis</i>, <i>aestivus</i>, fr. <i>aestas</i> summer.] <def>Of or
belonging to the summer; as, <i>&aelig;stival</i> diseases.</def> [Spelt
also <i>estival</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s"ti*vate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aestivare</i>, <i>aestivatum</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To spend the
summer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>To pass the summer in a
state of torpor.</def></p>

<p>[Spelt also <i>estivate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s`ti*va"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The state of torpidity induced
by the heat and dryness of summer, as in certain snails; -- opposed to
<i>hibernation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The arrangement of the petals in a
flower bud, as to folding, overlapping, etc.; prefloration.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p>[Spelt also <i>estivation</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s"tu*a*ry</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Estuary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;s"tu*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aestuosus</i>, fr. <i>aestus</i> fire, glow.] <def>Glowing; agitated, as
with heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*&euml;`the*og"a*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
unusual (<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; custom) + &?; marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Propagated in an unusual way; cryptogamous.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;"ther</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ether</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;"thi*ops min"er*al</hw> (&?;).  <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Ethiops mineral</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>&AElig;th"o*gen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fire,
light + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound of nitrogen and
boro&?;, which, when heated before the blowpipe, gives a brilliant
phosphorescent; boric nitride.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;"thri*o*scope</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; clear
+ &?; to observe.] <def>An instrument consisting in part of a differential
thermometer. It is used for measuring changes of temperature produced by
different conditions of the sky, as when clear or clouded.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;`ti*o*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to &aelig;tiology; assigning a cause.</def>  --
<wf>&AElig;`ti*o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;`ti*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aetologia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; cause + &?; description: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;tiologie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science, doctrine, or
demonstration of causes; esp., the investigation of the causes of any
disease; the science of the origin and development of things.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The assignment of a cause.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`&euml;*ti"tes</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
(sc. &?;) stone, fr. &?; eagle.] <def>See <u>Eaglestone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*far"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> (for
<i>on</i> or <i>of</i>) + <i>far</i>.] <def>At, to, or from a great
distance; far away; -- often used with <i>from</i> preceding, or <i>off</i>
following; as, he was seen from <i>afar</i>; I saw him <i>afar</i>
off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The steep where Fame's proud temple shines <i>afar</i>.<BR>
<i>Beattie.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*feard"</hw> (&adot;*f&emacr;rd"), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>afered</i>, AS. <i>&amacr;f&aemacr;red</i>, p. p. of
<i>&amacr;f&aemacr;ran</i> to frighten; <i>&amacr;-</i> (cf. Goth. <i>us-
</i>, Ger. <i>er-</i>, orig. meaning <i>out</i>) + <i>f&aemacr;ran</i> to
frighten. See <u>Fear</u>.] <def>Afraid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Be not <i>afeard</i>; the isle is full of noises.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||A"fer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>The southwest
wind.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af`fa*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>affabilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>affabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of
being affable; readiness to converse; courteousness in receiving others and
in conversation; complaisant behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Affability</i> is of a wonderful efficacy or power in
procuring love.<BR>
<i>Elyot</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af"fa*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>affable</i>, L.
<i>affabilis</i>, fr. <i>affari</i> to speak to; <i>ad</i> + <i>fari</i> to
speak. See <u>Fable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easy to be spoken to or
addressed; receiving others kindly and conversing with them in a free and
friendly manner; courteous; sociable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>affable</i> and courteous gentleman.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His manners polite and <i>affable</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gracious; mild; benign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A serene and <i>affable</i> countenance.<BR>
<i>Tatler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Courteous; civil; complaisant; accessible; mild; benign;
condescending.</p>

<p><hw>Af"fa*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Affability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af"fa*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an affable manner;
courteously.</def></p>

<p><! p. 28 !></p>

<p><hw>Af"fa*brous</hw> (&abreve;f*f&adot;"br&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>affaber</i> workmanlike; <i>ad</i> +
<i>faber</i>.] <def>Executed in a workmanlike manner; ingeniously
made.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fair"</hw> (&abreve;f*f&acirc;r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>afere</i>, <i>affere</i>, OF. <i>afaire</i>, F. <i>affaire</i>, fr. <i>a
faire</i> to do; L.. <i>ad</i> + <i>facere</i> to do. See <u>Fact</u>, and
cf. <u>Ado</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is done or is to be
done; matter; concern; as, a difficult <i>affair</i> to manage; business of
any kind, commercial, professional, or public; -- often in the plural. "At
the head of <i>affairs</i>." <i>Junius.</i></def> "A talent for
<i>affairs</i>." <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any proceeding or action which it is wished to
refer to or characterize vaguely; as, an <i>affair</i> of honor, <i>i.
e.</i>, a duel; an <i>affair</i> of love, <i>i. e.</i>, an
intrigue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An action or engagement not of
sufficient magnitude to be called a battle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Action; endeavor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And with his best <i>affair</i><BR>
Obeyed the pleasure of the Sun.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A material object (vaguely
designated).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A certain <i>affair</i> of fine red cloth much worn and
faded.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af*fam"ish</hw> (&abreve;f*f&abreve;m"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> [F. <i>affamer</i>, fr. L. <i>ad</i> + <i>fames</i> hunger.
See <u>Famish</u>.] <def>To afflict with, or perish from, hunger.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fam"ish*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Starvation.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fat"u*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>fatuus</i> foolish.] <def>To infatuate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fear"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aferen</i>, AS.
<i>&amacr;f&?;ran</i>. See <u>Afeard</u>.] <def>To frighten.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fect"</hw> (&abreve;f*f&ebreve;kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Affected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Affecting</u>.] [L. <i>affectus</i>, p. p. of
<i>afficere</i> to affect by active agency; <i>ad</i> + <i>facere</i> to
make: cf. F. <i>affectere</i>, L. <i>affectare</i>, freq. of
<i>afficere</i>. See <u>Fact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To act upon; to
produce an effect or change upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As might <i>affect</i> the earth with cold heat.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The climate <i>affected</i> their health and spirits.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To influence or move, as the feelings or
passions; to touch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A consideration of the rationale of our passions seems to me
very necessary for all who would <i>affect</i> them upon solid and pure
principles.</blockquote><BR>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To love; to regard with affection.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As for Queen Katharine, he rather respected than
<i>affected</i>, rather honored than loved, her.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To show a fondness for; to like to use or
practice; to choose; hence, to frequent habitually.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For he does neither <i>affect</i> company, nor is he fit for
it, indeed.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not <i>affect</i> the society of your inferiors in rank,
nor court that of the great.<BR>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To dispose or incline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men whom they thought best <i>affected</i> to religion and
their country's liberty.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To aim at; to aspire; to covet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This proud man <i>affects</i> imperial &?;way.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To tend to by affinity or disposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The drops of every fluid <i>affect</i> a round figure.<BR>
<i>Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn>  <def>To make a show of; to put on a pretense of; to
feign; to assume; as, to <i>affect</i> ignorance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Careless she is with artful care,<BR>
<i>Affecting</i> to seem unaffected.<BR>
<i>Congreve.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou dost <i>affect</i> my manners.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To assign; to appoint.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One of the domestics was <i>affected</i> to his special
service.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To influence; operate; act on; concern; move; melt;
soften; subdue; overcome; pretend; assume.</p>

<p><hw>Af*fect"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>affectus</i>.]
<def>Affection; inclination; passion; feeling; disposition.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af`fec*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>affectatio</i>: cf. F. <i>affectation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
attempt to assume or exhibit what is not natural or real; false display;
artificial show.</def> "An <i>affectation</i> of contempt."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Affectation</i> is an awkward and forced imitation of
what should be genuine and easy, wanting the beauty that accompanies what
is natural what is natural.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A striving after.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fondness; affection.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af`fec*ta"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who exhibits
affectation.</def> [R.]  <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fect"ed</hw> (&abreve;f*f&ebreve;kt"&ebreve;d), <pos><i>p. p. &
a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Regarded with affection;
beloved.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>affected</i> Hercules.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined; disposed; attached.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How stand you <i>affected</i> to his wish?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Given to false show; assuming or pretending to
possess what is not natural or real.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is . . . too spruce, too <i>affected</i>, too odd.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Assumed artificially; not natural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Affected</i> coldness and indifference.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>Made up of terms involving
different powers of the unknown quantity; adfected; as, an <i>affected</i>
equation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fect"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In an affected manner; hypocritically; with more show than
reality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lovingly; with tender care.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fect"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Affectation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fect"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who affects,
assumes, pretends, or strives after.</def> "<i>Affecters</i> of wit."
<i>Abp. Secker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fect`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being affectible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Af*fect"i*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
affected.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lay aside the absolute, and, by union with the creaturely,
become <i>affectible</i>.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af*fect"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moving the emotions; fitted to excite the emotions; pathetic;
touching; as, an <i>affecting</i> address; an <i>affecting</i>
sight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most <i>affecting</i> music is generally the most
simple.<BR>
<i>Mitford.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected; given to false show.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A drawling; <i>affecting</i> rouge.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af*fect"ing*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
affecting manner; is a manner to excite emotions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fec"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>affection</i>,
L. <i>affectio</i>, fr. <i>afficere</i>. See <u>Affect</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of affecting or acting upon; the state of
being affected.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An attribute; a quality or property; a
condition; a bodily state; as, figure, weight, etc. , are <i>affections</i>
of bodies.</def> "The <i>affections</i> of quantity."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And, truly, waking dreams were, more or less,<BR>
An old and strange <i>affection</i> of the house.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bent of mind; a feeling or natural impulse or
natural impulse acting upon and swaying the mind; any emotion; as, the
benevolent <i>affections</i>, esteem, gratitude, etc.; the malevolent
<i>affections</i>, hatred, envy, etc.; inclination; disposition;
propensity; tendency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Affection</i> is applicable to an unpleasant as well as a
pleasant state of the mind, when impressed by any object or quality.<BR>
<i>Cogan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A settled good will; kind feeling; love; zealous
or tender attachment; -- often in the <i>pl.</i>  Formerly followed by
<i>to</i>, but now more generally by <i>for</i> or <i>towards</i>; as,
filial, social, or conjugal <i>affections</i>; to have an <i>affection</i>
for or towards children.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All his <i>affections</i> are set on his own country.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Prejudice; bias.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Aylmer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Disease; morbid symptom; malady;
as, a pulmonary <i>affection</i>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The lively representation of any emotion.</def>
<i>Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Affectation.</def> [Obs.] "Spruce
<i>affection</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Passion; violent emotion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Most wretched man,<BR>
That to <i>affections</i> does the bridle lend.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Attachment; passion; tenderness; fondness; kindness;
love; good will. See <u>Attachment</u>; <u>Disease</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Af*fec"tion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the affections; as, <i>affectional</i> impulses; an
<i>affectional</i> nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fec"tion*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>affectionn&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having affection or
warm regard; loving; fond; as, an <i>affectionate</i> brother.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Kindly inclined; zealous.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man, in his love God, and desire to please him, can never be
too <i>affectionate</i>.<BR>
<i>Sprat.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from affection; indicating love;
tender; as, the <i>affectionate</i> care of a parent; <i>affectionate</i>
countenance, message, language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Strongly inclined; -- with <i>to</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tender; attached; loving; devoted; warm; fond; earnest;
ardent.</p>

<p><hw>Af*fec"tion*a`ted</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed;
inclined.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Affectionated</i> to the people.<BR>
<i>Holinshed.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af*fec"tion*ate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With affection;
lovingly; fondly; tenderly; kindly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fec"tion*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being affectionate; fondness; affection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fec"tioned</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Disposed.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Be kindly <i>affectioned</i> one to another.<BR>
<i>Rom. xii. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected; conceited.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fec"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>affectif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending to affect;
affecting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to or exciting emotion; affectional;
emotional.</def>  <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fec"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an affective
manner; impressively; emotionally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fec"tu*ous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>affectuous</i>: cf. F. <i>affectueux</i>. See <u>Affect</u>.] <def>Full
of passion or emotion; earnest.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Af*fec"tu*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*feer"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>aforer</i>,
<i>afeurer</i>, to tax, appraise, assess, fr. L. <i>ad</i> + <i>forum</i>
market, court of justice, in LL. also meaning <i>price</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To confirm; to assure.</def> [Obs.] "The title is
<i>affeered</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>To assess or reduce, as an
arbitrary penalty or amercement, to a certain and reasonable sum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Amercements . . . were <i>affeered</i> by the judges.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Af*feer"er</hw> (&?;), <hw>Af*feer"or</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>aforeur</i>, LL. <i>afforator</i>.] <i>(Old
Law)</i> <def>One who affeers.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*feer"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>aforement</i>.] <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>The act of affeering.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af"fer*ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>afferens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>afferre</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Bearing or conducting inwards to a part or organ; -- opposed to
<i>efferent</i>; as, <i>afferent</i> vessels; <i>afferent</i> nerves, which
convey sensations from the external organs to the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Af*fet`tu*o"so</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>With feeling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fi"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>afiaunce</i>
trust, confidence, OF. <i>afiance</i>, fr. <i>afier</i> to trust, fr. LL.
<i>affidare</i> to trust; <i>ad</i> + <i>fidare</i> to trust, fr. L.
<i>fides</i> faith. See <u>Faith</u>, and cf. <u>Affidavit</u>,
<u>Affy</u>, <u>Confidence</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Plighted faith;
marriage contract or promise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Trust; reliance; faith; confidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such feelings promptly yielded to his habitual
<i>affiance</i> in the divine love.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Stephen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Lancelot, my Lancelot, thou in whom I have<BR>
Most joy and most <i>affiance</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af*fi"ance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &?; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Affianced</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &?; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Affiancing</u> (&?;).] [Cf. OF. <i>afiancier</i>, fr. <i>afiance</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To betroth; to pledge one's faith to for marriage,
or solemnly promise (one's self or another) in marriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To me, sad maid, he was <i>affianced</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assure by promise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fi"an*cer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes a
contract of marriage between two persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fi"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From p. pr. of OF.
<i>afier</i>, LL. <i>affidare</i>. See <u>Affidavit</u>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who makes an affidavit.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deponent. See <u>Deponent</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Af`fi*da"vit</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>affidavit</i>
he has made oath, perfect tense of <i>affidare</i>. See <u>Affiance</u>,
<u>Affy</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A sworn statement in writing; a declaration
in writing, signed and made upon oath before an authorized
magistrate.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p>&fist; It is always made <i>ex parte</i>, and without cross-examination,
and in this differs from a <i>deposition</i>. It is also applied to written
statements made on affirmation.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deposition. See <u>Deposition</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Af*file"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>afiler</i>, F.
<i>affiler</i>, to sharpen; <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>fil</i> thread,
edge.] <def>To polish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Af*fil"i*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being affiliated to or on, or connected with in origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fil"i*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Affiliated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Affiliating</u> (&?;).] [LL. <i>adfiliare</i>, <i>affiliare</i>, to
adopt as son; <i>ad</i> + <i>filius</i> son: cf. F. <i>affilier</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To adopt; to receive into a family as a son; hence,
to bring or receive into close connection; to ally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is the soul <i>affiliated</i> to God, or is it estranged and
in rebellion?<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fix the paternity of; -- said of an
illegitimate child; as, to <i>affiliate</i> the child <i>to</i> (or
<i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>) one man rather than another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To connect in the way of descent; to trace
origin to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How do these facts tend to <i>affiliate</i> the faculty of
hearing upon the aboriginal vegetative processes?<BR>
<i>H. Spencer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To attach (<i>to</i>) or unite (<i>with</i>); to
receive into a society as a member, and initiate into its mysteries, plans,
etc.; -- followed by <i>to</i> or <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Affiliated societies</b></col>, <cd>societies connected with a
central society, or with each other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Af*fil"i*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To connect or
associate one's self; -- followed by <i>with</i>; as, they <i>affiliate</i>
with no party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fil`i*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>affiliation</i>, LL. <i>affiliatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Adoption; association or reception as a member in or of the same
family or society.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The establishment or ascertaining
of parentage; the assignment of a child, as a bastard, to its father;
filiation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Connection in the way of descent.</def>  <i>H.
Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fi"nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>affinis</i>.]
<def>Related by marriage; from the same source.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fine"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>affiner</i> to
refine; <i>&?;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>fin</i> fine. See <u>Fine</u>.]
<def>To refine.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fined"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>afin&eacute;</i>
related, p. p., fr. LL. <i>affinare</i> to join, fr. L. <i>affinis</i>
neighboring, related to; <i>ad</i> + <i>finis</i> boundary, limit.]
<def>Joined in affinity or by any tie.</def> [Obs.] "All <i>affined</i> and
kin."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fin"i*ta*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature
of affinity.</def>  -- <wf>Af*fin"i*ta*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Af*fin"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Closely connected, as
by affinity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fin"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Affinities</b></plw>(&?;). [OF. <i>afinit&eacute;</i>, F.
<i>affinit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>affinites</i>, fr. <i>affinis</i>. See
<u>Affined</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relationship by marriage (as between a husband
and his wife's blood relations, or between a wife and her husband's blood
relations); -- in contradistinction to <i>consanguinity</i>, or
relationship by blood; -- followed by <i>with</i>, <i>to</i>, or
<i>between</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Solomon made <i>affinity</i> with Pharaoh.<BR>
<i>1 Kings iii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Kinship generally; close agreement; relation;
conformity; resemblance; connection; as, the <i>affinity</i> of sounds, of
colors, or of languages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a close <i>affinity</i> between imposture and
credulity.<BR>
<i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Companionship; acquaintance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>About forty years past, I began a happy <i>affinity</i> with
William Cranmer.<BR>
<i>Burton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>That attraction which takes
place, at an insensible distance, between the heterogeneous particles of
bodies, and unites them to form chemical compounds; chemism; chemical or
elective affinity or attraction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>A relation between species
or highe&?; groups dependent on resemblance in the whole plan of structure,
and indicating community of origin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Spiritualism)</i> <def>A superior spiritual
relationship or attraction held to exist sometimes between persons, esp.
persons of the opposite sex; also, the man or woman who exerts such
psychical or spiritual attraction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*firm"</hw> (&abreve;f*f&etilde;rm"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Affirmed</u> (-f&etilde;rmd");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Affirming</u>.] [OE. <i>affermen</i>,
OF. <i>afermer</i>, F. <i>affirmer</i>, <i>affermir</i>, fr. L.
<i>affirmare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>firmare</i> to make firm, <i>firmus</i>
firm. See <u>Firm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> To make firm; to confirm, or
ratify; esp. <i>(Law)</i>, <def>to assert or confirm, as a judgment,
decree, or order, brought before an appellate court for review.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assert positively; to tell with confidence;
to aver; to maintain as true; -- opposed to <i>deny</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jesus, . . . whom Paul <i>affirmed</i> to be alive.<BR>
<i>Acts xxv. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To declare, as a fact, solemnly,
under judicial sanction. See <u>Affirmation</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To assert; aver; declare; asseverate; assure; pronounce;
protest; avouch; confirm; establish; ratify.  -- To <u>Affirm</u>,
<u>Asseverate</u>, <u>Aver</u>, <u>Protest</u>.  We <i>affirm</i> when we
declare a thing as a fact or a proposition. We <i>asseverate</i> it in a
peculiarly earnest manner, or with increased positiveness as what can not
be disputed. We <i>aver</i> it, or formally declare it to be true, when we
have positive knowledge of it. We <i>protest</i> in a more public manner
and with the energy of perfect sincerity. People <i>asseverate</i> in order
to produce a conviction of their veracity; they <i>aver</i> when they are
peculiarly desirous to be believed; they <i>protest</i> when they wish to
free themselves from imputations, or to produce a conviction of their
innocence.</p>

<p><hw>Af*firm"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
declare or assert positively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not that I so <i>affirm</i>, though so it seem<BR>
To thee, who hast thy dwelling here on earth.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To make a solemn declaration,
before an authorized magistrate or tribunal, under the penalties of
perjury; to testify by affirmation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*firm"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
affirmed, asserted, or declared; -- followed by <i>of</i>; as, an attribute
<i>affirmable</i> of every just man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*firm"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>afermance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Confirmation; ratification;
confirmation of a voidable act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This statute . . . in <i>affirmance</i> of the common
law.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strong declaration; affirmation.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><! p. 29 !></p>

<p><hw>Af*firm"ant</hw> (&abreve;f*f&etilde;rm"<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>affirmans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. See
<u>Affirm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who affirms or
asserts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who affirms, instead of taking
an oath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af`fir*ma"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>affirmatio</i>: cf. F. <i>affirmation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Confirmation of anything established; ratification; as, the
<i>affirmation</i> of a law.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of affirming or asserting as true;
assertion; -- opposed to <i>negation</i> or <i>denial</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is asserted; an assertion; a positive
statement; an averment; as, an <i>affirmation</i>, by the vender, of title
to property sold, or of its quality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A solemn declaration made under the
penalties of perjury, by persons who conscientiously decline taking an
oath, which declaration is in law equivalent to an oath.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*firm"a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>affirmativus</i>: cf. F. <i>affirmatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Confirmative; ratifying; as, an act <i>affirmative</i> of common
law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That affirms; asserting that the fact is so;
declaratory of what exists; answering "yes" to a question; -- opposed to
<i>negative</i>; as, an <i>affirmative</i> answer; an <i>affirmative</i>
vote.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Positive; dogmatic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lysicles was a little by the <i>affirmative</i> air of
Crito.<BR>
<i>Berkeley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(logic)</i> <def>Expressing the agreement of the
two terms of a proposition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>Positive; -- a term applied to
quantities which are to be added, and opposed to <i>negative</i>, or such
as are to be subtracted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*firm"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which affirms as opposed to that which denies; an affirmative
proposition; that side of question which affirms or maintains the
proposition stated; -- opposed to <i>negative</i>; as, there were forty
votes in the <i>affirmative</i>, and ten in the <i>negative</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether there are such beings or not, 't is sufficient for
my purpose that many have believed the <i>affirmative</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A word or phrase expressing affirmation or
assent; as, <i>yes</i>, <i>that is so</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*firm"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
affirmative manner; on the affirmative side of a question; in the
affirmative; -- opposed to <i>negatively</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*firm"a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving
affirmation; assertive; affirmative.</def>  <i>Massey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*firm"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
affirms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fix"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Affixed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Affixing</u>.] [LL. <i>affixare</i>, L. <i>affixus</i>, p. p. of
<i>affigere</i> to fasten to; <i>ad</i> + <i>figere</i> to fasten: cf. OE.
<i>affichen</i>, F. <i>afficher</i>, ultimately fr. L. <i>affigere</i>. See
<u>Fix</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To subjoin, annex, or add at the close
or end; to append to; to fix to any part of; as, to <i>affix</i> a syllable
to a word; to <i>affix</i> a seal to an instrument; to <i>affix</i> one's
name to a writing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fix or fasten in any way; to attach
physically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Should they [caterpillars] <i>affix</i> them to the leaves
of a plant improper for their food.<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attach, unite, or connect with; as, names
<i>affixed</i> to ideas, or ideas <i>affixed</i> to things; to <i>affix</i>
a stigma to a person; to <i>affix</i> ridicule or blame to any
one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fix or fasten figuratively; -- with <i>on</i>
or <i>upon</i>; as, eyes <i>affixed</i> upon the ground.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To attach; subjoin; connect; annex; unite.</p>

<p><hw>Af"fix</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Affixes</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>affixus</i>, p. p. of
<i>affigere</i>: cf. F. <i>affixe</i>.] <def>That which is affixed; an
appendage; esp. one or more letters or syllables added at the end of a
word; a suffix; a postfix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fix"ion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>affixio</i>, fr.
<i>affigere</i>.] <def>Affixture.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fix"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
affixing, or the state of being affixed; attachment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fla"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>afflatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>afflare</i> to blow or breathe on; <i>ad</i> + <i>flare</i> to
blow.] <def>A blowing or breathing on; inspiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fla"tus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>afflare</i>.
See <u>Afflation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A breath or blast of
wind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A divine impartation of knowledge; supernatural
impulse; inspiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A poet writing against his genius will be like a prophet
without his <i>afflatus</i>.<BR>
<i>Spence.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af*flict"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Afflicted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Afflicting</u>.] [L. <i>afflictus</i>, p. p. of <i>affigere</i> to cast
down, deject; <i>ad</i> + <i>fligere</i> to strike: cf. OF. <i>aflit</i>,
<i>afflict</i>, p. p. Cf. <u>Flagellate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strike or cast down; to overthrow.</def> [Obs.] "Reassembling our
<i>afflicted</i> powers."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inflict some great injury or hurt upon,
causing continued pain or mental distress; to trouble grievously; to
torment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They did set over them taskmasters to <i>afflict</i> them
with their burdens.<BR>
<i>Exod. i. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That which was the worst now least <i>afflicts</i> me.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make low or humble.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men are apt to prefer a prosperous error before an
<i>afflicted</i> truth.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To trouble; grieve; pain; distress; harass; torment;
wound; hurt.</p>

<p><hw>Af*flict"</hw>, <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> [L. <i>afflictus</i>,
p. p.] <def>Afflicted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Becon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*flict"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
afflicted; affliction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*flict"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
afflicts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*flict"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Grievously painful;
distressing; afflictive; as, an <i>afflicting</i> event. --
Af*flict"ing*ly, <i>adv</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*flic"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>affliction</i>,
L. <i>afflictio</i>, fr. <i>affligere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
cause of continued pain of body or mind, as sickness, losses, etc.; an
instance of grievous distress; a pain or grief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To repay that money will be a biting <i>affliction</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being afflicted; a state of pain,
distress, or grief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some virtues are seen only in <i>affliction</i>.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Calamity; sorrow; distress; grief; pain; adversity;
misery; wretchedness; misfortune; trouble; hardship.  -- <u>Affliction</u>,
<u>Sorrow</u>, <u>Grief</u>, <u>Distress</u>. Affliction and <i>sorrow</i>
are terms of wide and general application; <i>grief</i> and <i>distress</i>
have reference to particular cases. <i>Affliction</i> is the stronger term.
The suffering lies deeper in the soul, and usually arises from some
powerful cause, such as the loss of what is most dear -- friends, health,
etc. We do not speak of mere sickness or pain as "an affliction," though
one who suffers from either is said to be <i>afflicted</i>; but
deprivations of every kind, such as deafness, blindness, loss of limbs,
etc., are called <i>afflictions</i>, showing that term applies particularly
to prolonged sources of suffering. <i>Sorrow</i> and <i>grief</i> are much
alike in meaning, but <i>grief</i> is the stronger term of the two, usually
denoting poignant mental suffering for some definite cause, as,
<i>grief</i> for the death of a dear friend; <i>sorrow</i> is more
reflective, and is tinged with regret, as, the misconduct of a child is
looked upon with <i>sorrow</i>. <i>Grief</i> is often violent and
demonstrative; <i>sorrow</i> deep and brooding. <i>Distress</i> implies
extreme suffering, either bodily or mental. In its higher stages, it
denotes pain of a restless, agitating kind, and almost always supposes some
struggle of mind or body. <i>Affliction</i> is allayed, <i>grief</i>
subsides, <i>sorrow</i> is soothed, <i>distress</i> is mitigated.</p>

<p><hw>Af*flic"tion*less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
affliction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*flic"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>afflictif</i>.] <def>Giving pain; causing continued or repeated pain or
grief; distressing.</def>  "Jove's <i>afflictive</i> hand."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Spreads slow disease, and darts <i>afflictive</i> pain.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af*flic"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an afflictive
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af"flu*ence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>affluence</i>,
L. <i>affluentia</i>, fr. <i>affluens</i>, p. pr. of <i>affluere</i> to
flow to; <i>ad</i> + <i>fluere</i> to flow. See <u>Flux</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flowing to or towards; a concourse; an
influx.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>affluence</i> of young nobles from hence into
Spain.<BR>
<i>Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>There is an unusual <i>affluence</i> of strangers this
year.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An abundant supply, as of thought, words,
feelings, etc.; profusion; also, abundance of property; wealth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And old age of elegance, <i>affluence</i>, and ease.<BR>
<i>Coldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abundance; riches; profusion; exuberance; plenty; wealth;
opulence.</p>

<p><hw>Af"flu*en*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Affluence.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af"flu*ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>affluent</i>,
L. <i>affluens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. See <u>Affluence</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flowing to; flowing abundantly.</def>
"<i>Affluent</i> blood."  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abundant; copious; plenteous; hence, wealthy;
abounding in goods or riches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Language . . . <i>affluent</i> in expression.<BR>
<i>H. Reed.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Loaded and blest with all the <i>affluent</i> store,<BR>
Which human vows at smoking shrines implore.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af"flu*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stream or river flowing
into a larger river or into a lake; a tributary stream.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af"flu*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Abundantly;
copiously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*flu*ent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Great plenty.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Af"flux`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>affluxum</i>, p. p.
of <i>affluere</i>: cf. F. <i>afflux</i>. See <u>Affluence</u>.] <def>A
flowing towards; that which flows to; as, an <i>afflux</i> of blood to the
head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*flux"ion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of flowing
towards; afflux.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af"fo*dill</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Asphodel.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Af*force"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>afforcier</i>,
LL. <i>affortiare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>fortiare</i>, fr. L. <i>fortis</i>
strong.] <def>To re&euml;nforce; to strengthen.</def>  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*force"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fortress; a fortification for defense.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A re&euml;nforcement; a strengthening.</def>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*for"ci*a*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Afforcement</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Af*ford"</hw> (&abreve;f*f&omacr;rd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Afforded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Affording</u>.] [OE. <i>aforthen</i>, AS.
<i>gefor&eth;ian</i>, <i>for&eth;ian</i>, to further, accomplish, afford,
fr. <i>for&eth;</i> forth, forward. The prefix <i>ge-</i> has no well
defined sense. See <u>Forth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give forth; to
supply, yield, or produce as the natural result, fruit, or issue; as,
grapes <i>afford</i> wine; olives <i>afford</i> oil; the earth
<i>affords</i> fruit; the sea <i>affords</i> an abundant supply of
fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give, grant, or confer, with a remoter
reference to its being the natural result; to provide; to furnish; as, a
good life <i>affords</i> consolation in old age.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His tuneful Muse <i>affords</i> the sweetest numbers.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The quiet lanes . . . <i>afford</i> calmer retreats.<BR>
<i>Gilpin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To offer, provide, or supply, as in selling,
granting, expending, with profit, or without loss or too great injury; as,
A <i>affords</i> his goods cheaper than B; a man can <i>afford</i> a sum
yearly in charity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To incur, stand, or bear without serious
detriment, as an act which might under other circumstances be injurious; --
with an auxiliary, as <i>can</i>, <i>could</i>, <i>might</i>, etc.; to be
able or rich enough.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The merchant can <i>afford</i> to trade for smaller
profits.<BR>
<i>Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He could <i>afford</i> to suffer<BR>
With those whom he saw suffer.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af*ford"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
afforded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*ford"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything given as
a help; bestowal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Af*for"est</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>afforestare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>forestare</i>. See <u>Forest</u>.]
<def>To convert into a forest; as, to <i>afforest</i> a tract of
country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*for`es*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
converting into forest or woodland.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*form"a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
affix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fran"chise</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>affranchir</i>; <i>&?;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>franc</i> free. See
<u>Franchise</u> and <u>Frank</u>.] <def>To make free; to
enfranchise.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fran"chise*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>affranchissement</i>.] <def>The act of making free;
enfranchisement.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Af*frap"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>affrappare</i>, <i>frappare</i>, to cut, mince, F. <i>frapper</i> to
strike. See <u>Frap</u>.] <def>To strike, or strike down.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fray"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Affrayed</u>.] [OE. <i>afraien</i>, <i>affraien</i>, OF.
<i>effreer</i>, <i>esfreer</i>, F. <i>effrayer</i>, orig. to disquiet, put
out of peace, fr. L. <i>ex</i> + OHG. <i>fridu</i> peace (akin to E.
<i>free</i>). Cf. <u>Afraid</u>, <u>Fray</u>, <u>Frith</u> inclosure.]
[Archaic] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To startle from quiet; to
alarm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Smale foules a great heap<BR>
That had <i>afrayed</i> [affrayed] me out of my sleep.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To frighten; to scare; to frighten
away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That voice doth us <i>affray</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af*fray"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>afrai</i>,
<i>affrai</i>, OF. <i>esfrei</i>, F. <i>effroi</i>, fr. OF. <i>esfreer</i>.
See <u>Affray</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of suddenly disturbing any one; an assault or attack.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Alarm; terror; fright.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tumultuous assault or quarrel; a brawl; a
fray.</def> "In the very midst of the <i>affray</i>."  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The fighting of two or more
persons, in a public place, to the terror of others.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; A fighting in private is not, in a legal sense, an
<i>affray</i>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Quarrel; brawl; scuffle; encounter; fight; contest; feud;
tumult; disturbance.</p>

<p><hw>Af*fray"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One engaged in an
affray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fray"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Affray.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*freight"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ad-</i> +
<i>freight</i>: cf. F. <i>affr&eacute;ter</i>. See <u>Freight</u>.] <def>To
hire, as a ship, for the transportation of goods or freight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*freight"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who hires or
charters a ship to convey goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*freight"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>affr&eacute;tement</i>.] <def>The act of hiring, or the contract for the
use of, a vessel, or some part of it, to convey cargo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fret"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>affrettare</i>
to hasten, <i>fretta</i> haste.] <def>A furious onset or attack.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fric"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>affricare</i>
to rub on. See <u>Friction</u>.] <def>The act of rubbing against.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Af*friend"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Made friends;
reconciled.</def> [Obs.] "Deadly foes . . . <i>affriended</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fright"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Affrighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Affrighting</u>.] [Orig. p. p.; OE. <i>afright</i>, AS.
<i>&amacr;fyrhtan</i> to terrify; <i>&amacr;-</i> (cf. Goth. <i>us-</i>,
Ger. <i>er-</i>, orig. meaning <i>out</i>) + <i>fyrhto</i> fright. See
<u>Fright</u>.] <def>To impress with sudden fear; to frighten; to
alarm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dreams <i>affright</i> our souls.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A drear and dying sound<BR>
<i>Affrights</i> the flamens at their service quaint.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To terrify; frighten; alarm; dismay; appall; scare;
startle; daunt; intimidate.</p>

<p><hw>Af*fright"</hw>, <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Affrighted.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fright"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sudden
and great fear; terror. It expresses a stronger impression than
<i>fear</i>, or <i>apprehension</i>, perhaps less than
<i>terror</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He looks behind him with <i>affright</i>, and forward with
despair.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of frightening; also, a cause of terror;
an object of dread.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fright"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With fright.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fright"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
frighten.</def> [Archaic] "Fit tales . . . to <i>affrighten</i> babes."
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fright"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
frightens.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Af*fright"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Terrifying;
frightful.</def>  -- <wf>Af*fright"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bugbears or <i>affrightful</i> apparitions.<BR>
<i>Cudworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af*fright"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Affright; the
state of being frightened; sudden fear or alarm.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Passionate words or blows . . . fill the child's mind with
terror and <i>affrightment</i>.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af*front"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Affronted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Affronting</u>.] [OF. <i>afronter</i>, F. <i>affronter</i>, to confront,
LL. <i>affrontare</i> to strike against, fr. L. <i>ad</i> + <i>frons</i>
forehead, front. See <u>Front</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To front; to
face in position; to meet or encounter face to face.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All the sea-coasts do <i>affront</i> the Levant.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That he, as 't were by accident, may here<BR>
<i>Affront</i> Ophelia.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To face in defiance; to confront; as, to
<i>affront</i> death; hence, to meet in hostile encounter.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To offend by some manifestation of disrespect;
to insult to the face by demeanor or language; to treat with marked
incivility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How can any one imagine that the fathers would have dared to
<i>affront</i> the wife of Aurelius?<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To insult; abuse; outrage; wound; illtreat; slight; defy;
offend; provoke; pique; nettle.</p>

<p><hw>Af*front"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>affront</i>, fr.
<i>affronter</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An encounter either friendly or
hostile.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I walked about, admired of all, and dreaded<BR>
On hostile ground, none daring my <i>affront</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contemptuous or rude treatment which excites or
justifies resentment; marked disrespect; a purposed indignity;
insult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Offering an <i>affront</i> to our understanding.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An offense to one's self-respect; shame.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Affront</u>, <u>Insult</u>, <u>Outrage</u>. An
<i>affront</i> is a designed mark of disrespect, usually in the presence of
others. An <i>insult</i> is a personal attack either by words or actions,
designed to humiliate or degrade. An <i>outrage</i> is an act of extreme
and violent insult or abuse. An <i>affront</i> piques and mortifies; an
<i>insult</i> irritates and provokes; an <i>outrage</i> wounds and
injures.</p>

<p><blockquote>Captious persons construe every innocent freedom into an
<i>affront</i>. When people are in a state of animosity, they seek
opportunities of offering each other <i>insults</i>. Intoxication or
violent passion impels men to the commission of <i>outrages</i>.<BR>
<i>Crabb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af*fron*t&eacute;"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>affront&eacute;</i>, p. p.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Face to face, or front to
front; facing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*front"ed*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Shamelessly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fron*tee"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who receives an
affront.</def>  <i>Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*front"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who affronts,
or insults to the face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*front"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an affronting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*front"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
affront or offend; offensive; abusive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>affrontive</i> it is to despise mercy.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 30 !></p>

<p><hw>Af*front"ive*ness</hw>
(&abreve;f*fr&ubreve;nt"&ibreve;v*n&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality that gives an affront or offense.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fuse"</hw> (&abreve;f*f&umacr;z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Affused</u> (-f&umacr;zd"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Affusing</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>affusus</i>, p. p. of
<i>affundere</i> to pour to; <i>ad</i> + <i>fundere</i>. See <u>Fuse</u>.]
<def>To pour out or upon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I first <i>affused</i> water upon the compressed beans.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af*fu"sion</hw> (&abreve;f*f&umacr;"zh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>affusion</i>.] <def>The act of pouring
upon, or sprinkling with a liquid, as water upon a child in baptism.</def>
Specifically: <i>(Med)</i> <def>The act of pouring water or other fluid on
the whole or a part of the body, as a remedy in disease.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fy"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Affied</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> <u>Affying</u>.]
[OF. <i>afier</i>, LL. <i>affidare</i>. Cf. <u>Affiance</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To confide (one's self <i>to</i>, or <i>in</i>); to
trust.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To betroth or espouse; to affiance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bind in faith.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af*fy"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To trust or confide.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af"ghan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Afghanistan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af"ghan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native
of Afghanistan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of worsted blanket or wrap.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*field"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>field</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To, in, or on the field.</def> "We
drove <i>afield</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How jocund did they drive their team <i>afield</i>!<BR>
<i>Gray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Out of the way; astray.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should he wander <i>afield</i> at the age of fifty-
five!<BR>
<i>Trollope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*fire"</hw> (&adot;*f&imacr;r"), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>a-</i> + <i>fire</i>.] <def>On fire.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*flame"</hw> (&adot;*fl&amacr;m"), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>flame</i>.] <def>In flames; glowing with light or
passion; ablaze.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*flat"</hw> (&adot;*fl&abreve;t"), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>a-</i> + <i>flat</i>.] <def>Level with the ground; flat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*flaunt"</hw> (&adot;*fl&add;nt"), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>flaunt</i>.] <def>In a flaunting state or
position.</def>  <i>Copley.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*flick"er</hw> (&adot;*fl&ibreve;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>adv. &
a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>flicker</i>.] <def>In a flickering
state.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*float"</hw> (&adot;*fl&omacr;t"), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>float</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Borne on the
water; floating; on board ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On such a full sea are we now <i>afloat</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moving; passing from place to place; in general
circulation; as, a rumor is <i>afloat</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unfixed; moving without guide or control;
adrift; as, our affairs are all <i>afloat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*flow"</hw> (&adot;*fl&omacr;"), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>a-</i> + <i>flow</i>.] <def>Flowing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their founts <i>aflow</i> with tears.<BR>
<i>R. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*flush"</hw> (&adot;*fl&ubreve;sh"), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>flush</i>, n.] <def>In a flushed or blushing
state.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*flush"</hw>, <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>flush</i>, a.] <def>On a level.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bank is . . . <i>aflush</i> with the sea.<BR>
<i>Swinburne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*flut"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i>
+ <i>flutter</i>.] <def>In a flutter; agitated.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*foam"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>foam</i>.] <def>In a foaming state; as, the sea is all
<i>afoam</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*foot"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>foot</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On foot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We 'll walk <i>afoot</i> a while.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: In motion; in action; astir; in
progress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The matter being <i>afoot</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*fore"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>afore</i>,
<i>aforn</i>, AS. <i>onforan</i> or <i>&aelig;tforan</i>; pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>fore</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Before.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If he have never drunk wine <i>afore</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>In the fore part of a
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*fore"</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Before
(in all its senses).</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Before; in front of; farther
forward than; as, <i>afore</i> the windlass.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Afore the mast</b></col>, <cd>among the common sailors; -- a
phrase used to distinguish the ship's crew from the officers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*fore"cit`ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Named or quoted
before.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*fore"go`ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Go&imacr;ng
before; foregoing.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*fore"hand`</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Beforehand; in
anticipation.</def> [Archaic or <i>Dial</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She is come <i>aforehand</i> to anoint my body.<BR>
<i>Mark xiv. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*fore"hand`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prepared; previously
provided; -- opposed to <i>behindhand</i>.</def> [Archaic or Dial.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Aforehand</i> in all matters of power.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*fore"men`tioned</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Previously
mentioned; before-mentioned.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*fore"named`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Named
before.</def>  <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*fore"said`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Said before, or
in a preceding part; already described or identified.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*fore"thought`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Premeditated;
prepense; previously in mind; designed; as, malice <i>aforethought</i>,
which is required to constitute murder.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*fore"thought`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Premeditation.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*fore"time`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In time past;
formerly.</def> "He prayed . . . as he did <i>aforetime</i>."  <i>Dan. vi.
10.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A for`ti*o"ri</hw> (&?;). [L.] <i>(Logic &amp; Math.)</i> <def>With
stronger reason.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*foul"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>foul</i>.] <def>In collision; entangled.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To run afoul of</b></col>, <cd>to run against or come into
collision with, especially so as to become entangled or to cause
injury.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*fraid"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>afrayed</i>,
<i>affraide</i>, p. p. of <i>afraien</i> to affray. See <u>Affray</u>, and
cf. <u>Afeard</u>.] <def>Impressed with fear or apprehension; in fear;
apprehensive.</def> [Afraid comes after the noun it limits.]  "Back they
recoiled, <i>afraid</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word expresses a less degree of fear than <i>terrified</i>
or <i>frightened</i>. It is followed by <i>of</i> before the object of
fear, or by the infinitive, or by a dependent clause; as, to be <i>afraid
of</i> death. "I am <i>afraid</i> to die."  "I am <i>afraid</i> he will
chastise me."  "Be not <i>afraid</i> that I your hand should take."
<i>Shak.</i> <i>I am afraid</i> is sometimes used colloquially to soften a
statement; as, <i>I am afraid</i> I can not help you in this matter.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fearful; timid; timorous; alarmed; anxious.</p>

<p><hw>Af"reet</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Afrit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*fresh"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>fresh</i>.] <def>Anew; again; once more; newly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They crucify . . . the Son of God <i>afresh</i>.<BR>
<i>Heb. vi. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Af"ric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>African.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Africa.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Af"ri*can</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Africus</i>,
<i>Africanus</i>, fr. <i>Afer</i> African.] <def>Of or pertaining to
Africa.</def></p>

<p><col><b>African hemp</b></col>, <cd>a fiber prepared from the leaves of
the <i>Sanseviera Guineensis</i>, a plant found in Africa and India.</cd> -
- <col><b>African marigold</b></col>, <cd>a tropical American plant
(<i>Tagetes erecta</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>African oak</b></col> or
<col><b>African teak</b></col>, <cd>a timber furnished by <i>Oldfieldia
Africana</i>, used in ship building.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Af"ri*can</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of Africa; also
one ethnologically belonging to an African race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af`ri*can"der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One born in
Africa, the offspring of a white father and a "colored" mother. Also, and
now commonly in Southern Africa, a native born of European
settlers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af"ri*can*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word, phrase,
idiom, or custom peculiar to Africa or Africans.</def> "The knotty
<i>Africanisms</i> . . . of the fathers."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af"ri*can*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place
under the domination of Africans or negroes.</def> [Amer.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Af"rit</hw> (&?;), <hw>Af"rite</hw>(&?;), <hw>Af"reet</hw>(&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Arab. '<i>ifr&imacr;t</i>.] <i>(Moham. Myth.)</i>
<def>A powerful evil jinnee, demon, or monstrous giant.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*front"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>front</i>.] <def>In front; face to face.</def> --
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>In front of.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aft</hw> (&adot;ft), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&aelig;ftan</i> behind; orig. superl. of <i>of</i>, <i>off</i>. See
<u>After</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Near or towards the stern of a vessel;
astern; abaft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er</hw> (&adot;ft"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&aelig;fter</i> after, behind; akin to Goth. <i>aftaro</i>,
<i>aftra</i>, backwards, Icel. <i>aptr</i>, Sw. and Dan. <i>efter</i>, OHG.
<i>aftar</i> behind, Dutch and LG. <i>achter</i>, Gr. <grk>'apwte`rw</grk>
further off. The ending <i>-ter</i> is an old comparative suffix, in E.
generally <i>-ther</i> (as in <i>other</i>), and <i>after</i> is a compar.
of <i>of</i>, <i>off</i>. &radic;194.  See <u>Of</u>; cf. <u>Aft</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next; later in time; subsequent; succeeding; as, an
<i>after</i> period of life.</def>  <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense the word is sometimes needlessly combined with the
following noun, by means of a hyphen, as, <i>after</i>-ages, <i>after</i>-
act, <i>after</i>-days, <i>after</i>-life. For the most part the words are
properly kept separate when <i>after</i> has this meaning.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hinder; nearer the rear.</def> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To ward the stern of the ship; -- applied to any object in the rear
part of a vessel; as the <i>after</i> cabin, <i>after</i> hatchway.</def>
It is often combined with its noun; as, <i>after</i>-bowlines,
<i>after</i>-braces, <i>after</i>-sails, <i>after</i>-yards, those on the
mainmasts and mizzenmasts.</p>

<p><col><b>After body</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the part of a ship
abaft the dead flat, or middle part.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Behind
in place; as, men in line one <i>after</i> another.</def> "Shut doors
<i>after</i> you."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Below in rank; next to in order.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Codrus <i>after</i> Ph&?;bus sings the best.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Later in time; subsequent; as, <i>after</i>
supper, <i>after</i> three days. It often precedes a clause. Formerly
<i>that</i> was interposed between it and the clause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>After</i> I am risen again, I will go before you into
Galilee.<BR>
<i>Matt. xxvi. 32.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Subsequent to and in consequence of; as,
<i>after</i> what you have said, I shall be careful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Subsequent to and notwithstanding; as,
<i>after</i> all our advice, you took that course.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Moving toward from behind; following, in search
of; in pursuit of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall not go <i>after</i> other gods.<BR>
<i>Deut. vi. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>After</i> whom is the king of Israel come out?<BR>
<i>1 Sam. xxiv. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Denoting the aim or object; concerning; in
relation to; as, to look <i>after</i> workmen; to inquire <i>after</i> a
friend; to thirst <i>after</i> righteousness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>In imitation of; in conformity with; after the
manner of; as, to make a thing <i>after</i> a model; a picture <i>after</i>
Rubens; the boy takes <i>after</i> his father.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To name</b></col> or <col><b>call after</b></col>, <cd>to name
like and reference to.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Our eldest son was <i>named</i> George <i>after</i> his
uncle.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>According to; in accordance with; in conformity
with the nature of; as, he acted <i>after</i> his kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall not judge <i>after</i> the sight of his eyes.<BR>
<i>Isa. xi. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They that are <i>after</i> the flesh do mind the things of
the flesh.<BR>
<i>Rom. viii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>According to the direction and influence of; in
proportion to; befitting.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He takes greatness of kingdoms according to bulk and
currency, and not <i>after</i> their intrinsic value.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>After all</b></col>, <cd>when everything has been considered;
upon the whole.</cd> -- <col><b>After</b></col> (with the same noun
preceding and following), as, wave <i>after</i> wave, day <i>after</i> day,
several or many (waves, etc.) <cd>successively.</cd> -- <col><b>One after
another</b></col>, <cd>successively.</cd> -- <col><b>To be after</b></col>,
<cd>to be in pursuit of in order to reach or get; as, he is <i>after</i>
money.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Subsequently in time or
place; behind; afterward; as, he follows <i>after</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was about the space of three hours <i>after</i>.<BR>
<i>Acts. v. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>After</i> is prefixed to many words, forming compounds, but
retaining its usual signification. The prefix may be adverbial,
prepositional, or adjectival; as in <i>after-</i> described, <i>after</i>-
dinner, <i>after</i>-part. The hyphen is sometimes needlessly used to
connect the adjective <i>after</i> with its noun. See <u>Note</u> under
<u>After</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 1.</p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*birth`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The placenta and membranes with which the fetus is connected, and
which come away after delivery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*cast`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A throw of dice
after the game in ended; hence, anything done too late.</def>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*clap`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An unexpected
subsequent event; something disagreeable happening after an affair is
supposed to be at an end.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*crop`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second crop or
harvest in the same year.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er damp`</hw> (&?;).<def>An irrespirable gas, remaining after an
explosion of fire damp in mines; choke damp. See <u>Carbonic
acid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er-din`ner</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The time just
after dinner.</def>   "An <i>after-dinner's</i> sleep." <i>Shak.</i> [Obs.]
-- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Following dinner; post-prandial; as, an
<i>after-dinner</i> nap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er-eat`age</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Aftergrass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*eye`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To look
after.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*game`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second game;
hence, a subsequent scheme or expedient.</def>  <i>Wotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Aftergame at Irish</b></col>, <cd>an ancient game very nearly
resembling backgammon.</cd>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er-glow</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A glow of
refulgence in the western sky after sunset.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*grass`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The grass that
grows after the first crop has been mown; aftermath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*growth`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second growth
or crop, or (metaphorically) development.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*guard`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The seaman or seamen stationed on the poop or after part of the ship,
to attend the after-sails.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er-im`age</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The impression of
a vivid sensation retained by the retina of the eye after the cause has
been removed; also extended to impressions left of tones, smells,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*ings</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The last milk
drawn in milking; strokings.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*math</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>After</i> +
<i>math</i>. See <u>Math</u>.] <def>A second moving; the grass which grows
after the first crop of hay in the same season; rowen.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er-men`tioned</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mentioned
afterwards; as, persons <i>after-mentioned</i> (in a writing).</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*most</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. superl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>eftemest</i>, AS. <i>&aelig;ftemest</i>,akin to Gothic <i>aftumist</i>
and <i>aftuma</i>, the last, orig. a superlative of <i>of</i>, with the
superlative endings <i>-te</i>, <i>-me</i>, <i>-st</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hindmost; -- opposed to <i>foremost</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Nearest the stern; most
aft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*noon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part of the
day which follows noon, between noon and evening.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er-note`</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One
of the small notes occur on the unaccented parts of the measure, taking
their time from the preceding note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*pains`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The pains which succeed childbirth, as in expelling the
afterbirth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*piece`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A piece performed after a play, usually a farce or other small
entertainment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The heel of a rudder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er-sails`</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>pl.</i>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The sails on the mizzenmast, or on the stays between
the mainmast and mizzenmast.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*shaft`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The hypoptilum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*taste`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A taste which
remains in the mouth after eating or drinking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*thought`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Reflection
after an act; later or subsequent thought or expedient.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Aft"er*wards</hw> (&?;), <hw>Aft"er*ward</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&aelig;fteweard</i>, a., behind. See
<u>Aft</u>, and <u>-ward</u> (suffix). The final <i>s</i> in
<i>afterwards</i> is adverbial, orig. a genitive ending.] <def>At a later
or succeeding time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*wise`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wise after the
event; wise or knowing, when it is too late.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er-wit`</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wisdom or perception
that comes after it can be of use.</def> "<i>After-wit</i> comes too late
when the mischief is done."  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er-wit`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized
by after-wit; slow-witted.</def>  <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aft"most</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Nearest the stern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"ward</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Toward the stern.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*ga"</hw> or <hw>||A*gha"</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>adh&amacr;</i> a great lord, chief master.] <def>In Turkey, a commander
or chief officer. It is used also as a title of respect.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gain"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>agein</i>,
<i>agayn</i>, AS. <i>ongegn</i>, <i>onge&aacute;n</i>, against, again;
<i>on</i> + <i>ge&aacute;n</i>, akin to Ger. <i>gegewn</i> against, Icel.
<i>gegn</i>. Cf. <u>Gainsay</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In return, back;
as, bring us word <i>again</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Another time; once more; anew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man die, shall he live <i>again</i>?<BR>
<i>Job xiv. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Once repeated; -- of quantity; as, as large
<i>again</i>, half as much <i>again</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In any other place.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>On the other hand.</def> "The one is my
sovereign . . . the other <i>again</i> is my kinsman."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Moreover; besides; further.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Again</i>, it is of great consequence to avoid, etc.<BR>
<i>Hersche&?;.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Again and again</b></col>, <cd>more than once; often;
repeatedly.</cd> -- <col><b>Now and again</b></col>, <cd>now and then;
occasionally.</cd> -- <col><b>To and again</b></col>, <cd>to and fro.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Again was formerly used in many verbal combinations, as,
<i>again</i>-witness, to witness against; <i>again</i>-ride, to ride
against; <i>again</i>-come, to come against, to encounter; <i>again</i>-
bring, to bring back, etc.</p>

<p>{ <hw>A*gain"</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*gains"</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Against; also, towards (in order to
meet).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Albeit that it is <i>again</i> his kind.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*gain"buy`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
redeem.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*gain"say`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
gainsay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*gainst"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>agens</i>,
<i>ageynes</i>, AS. <i>ongegn</i>. The <i>s</i> is adverbial, orig. a
genitive ending. See <u>Again</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abreast;
opposite to; facing; towards; as, <i>against</i> the mouth of a river; --
in this sense often preceded by <i>over</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jacob saw the angels of God come <i>against</i> him.<BR>
<i>Tyndale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>From an opposite direction so as to strike or
come in contact with; in contact with; upon; as, hail beats <i>against</i>
the roof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In opposition to, whether the opposition is of
sentiment or of action; on the other side; counter to; in contrariety to;
hence, adverse to; as, <i>against</i> reason; <i>against</i> law; to run a
race <i>against</i> time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gate would have been shut <i>against</i> her.<BR>
<i>Fielding.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An argument <i>against</i> the use of steam.<BR>
<i>Tyndale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>By of before the time that; in preparation for;
so as to be ready for the time when.</def> [Archaic or <i>Dial</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Urijah the priest made it, <i>against</i> King Ahaz came
from Damascus.<BR>
<i>2 Kings xvi. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Against the sun</b></col>, <cd>in a direction contrary to that
in which the sun appears to move.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*gain"stand`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
withstand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*gain"ward</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Back
again.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 31 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ag`a*lac"ti*a</hw>
(&abreve;g`&adot;*l&abreve;k"t&ibreve;*&adot;), <hw>Ag"a*lax`y</hw>
(&abreve;g"&adot;*l&abreve;k`s&ybreve;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'agalakti`a</grk>; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + <grk>ga`la</grk>,
<grk>gala`ktos</grk>, milk.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Failure of the due
secretion of milk after childbirth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`a*lac"tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lacking milk to
suckle with.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`gal-a"gal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Agar-
agar</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ag"al*loch</hw> (&?;), <hw>||A*gal"lo*chum</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, of Eastern origin: cf. Skr. <i>aguru</i>,
Heb. pl. <i>ah&amacr;l&imacr;m</i>.] <def>A soft, resinous wood
(<i>Aquilaria Agallocha</i>) of highly aromatic smell, burnt by the
orientals as a perfume. It is called also <i>agalwood</i> and <i>aloes
wood</i>. The name is also given to some other species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`al*mat"o*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
image, statue + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>agalmatolithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A soft, compact stone, of a grayish, greenish, or yellowish color,
carved into images by the Chinese, and hence called <i>figure stone</i>,
and <i>pagodite</i>. It is probably a variety of pinite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ag"a*ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <u>Agamas</u>
(&?;). [From the Caribbean name of a species of lizard.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of lizards, one of the few which feed upon
vegetable substances; also, one of these lizards.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ag"a*mi</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Agamis</b></plw> (&?;). [F. agex>, fr. the native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American bird (<i>Psophia crepitans</i>),
allied to the cranes, and easily domesticated; -- called also the <i>gold-
breasted trumpeter</i>. Its body is about the size of the pheasant. See
<u>Trumpeter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gam"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<u>Agamous</u>.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Produced without sexual union; as,
<i>agamic</i> or unfertilized eggs.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not
having visible organs of reproduction, as flowerless plants;
agamous.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gam"ic*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an agamic
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"a*mist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Agamous</u>.]
<def>An unmarried person; also, one opposed to marriage.</def>
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ag`a*mo*gen"e*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
unmarried (<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; marriage) + &?; reproduction.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Reproduction without the union of parents of distinct
sexes: asexual reproduction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`a*mo*ge*net"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Reproducing or produced without sexual union.</def>  --
<wf>Ag`a*mo*ge*net"ic*al*ly</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>All known <i>agamogenetic</i> processes end in a complete
return to the primitive stock.<BR>
<i>Huxley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag"a*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a`gamos</grk>
unmarried; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + <grk>ga`mos</grk> marriage.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having no visible sexual organs; asexual.</def> In
<i>Bot.</i>, <def>cryptogamous.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gan`gli*o"nic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i>
not + <i>ganglionic</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Without ganglia.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gape"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>gape</i>.] <def>Gaping, as with wonder, expectation, or eager
attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dazzles the crowd and sets them all <i>agape</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Ag"a*pe</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Agap&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [Gr. <grk>'aga`ph</grk> love, pl.
<grk>'aga`pai</grk>.] <def>The love feast of the primitive Christians,
being a meal partaken of in connection with the communion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`gar-a"gar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ceylonese local
name.] <def>A fucus or seaweed much used in the East for soups and jellies;
Ceylon moss (<i>Gracilaria lichenoides</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"a*ric</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>agaricum</i>,
Gr. &?;, said to be fr. <i>Agara</i>, a town in Sarmatia.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fungus of the genus
<i>Agaricus</i>, of many species, of which the common mushroom is an
example.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old name for several species of
<i>Polyporus</i>, corky fungi growing on decaying wood.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The "<i>female agaric</i>" (<i>Polyporus officinalis</i>) was
renowned as a cathartic; the "<i>male agaric</i>" (<i>Polyporus
igniarius</i>) is used for preparing touchwood, called punk or German
tinder.</p>

<p><col><b>Agaric mineral</b></col>, <cd>a light, chalky deposit of
carbonate of lime, sometimes called <i>rock milk</i>, formed in caverns or
fissures of limestone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*gasp"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [. <i>a-</i> +
<i>gasp</i>.] <def>In a state of gasping.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*gast"</hw> or <hw>A*ghast"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To affright; to terrify.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*gast"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Aghast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gas"tric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv.
+ &?; stomach.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Having to stomach, or distinct
digestive canal, as the tapeworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gate"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> on +
<i>gate</i> way.] <def>On the way; agoing; as, to be <i>agate</i>; to set
the bells <i>agate</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag"ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>agate</i>, It.
<i>agata</i>, L. <i>achates</i>, fr. Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A semipellucid, uncrystallized variety of quartz,
presenting various tints in the same specimen. Its colors are delicately
arranged in stripes or bands, or blended in clouds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>fortification agate</i>, or Scotch pebble, the <i>moss
agate</i>, the <i>clouded agate</i>, etc., are familiar varieties.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A kind of type, larger than
pearl and smaller than nonpareil; in England called <i>ruby</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This line is printed in the type called <i>agate</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A diminutive person; so called in allusion to
the small figures cut in agate for rings and seals.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A tool used by gold-wire drawers, bookbinders,
etc.; -- so called from the agate fixed in it for burnishing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`a*tif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Agate</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Containing or producing agates.</def>
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag"a*tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
like, agate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"a*tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Usually p. p.
<u>Agatized</u>(&?;).] <def>To convert into agate; to make resemble
agate.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag"a*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of
agate, or containing agate.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ga"ve</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Agave</i>, prop.
name, fr. Gr. &?;, fem. of &?; illustrious, noble.] <i>(bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of plants (order <i>Amaryllidace&aelig;</i>) of which the chief
species is the maguey or century plant (<i>A. Americana</i>), wrongly
called Aloe. It is from ten to seventy years, according to climate, in
attaining maturity, when it produces a gigantic flower stem, sometimes
forty feet in height, and perishes. The fermented juice is the
<i>pulque</i> of the Mexicans; distilled, it yields <i>mescal</i>. A strong
thread and a tough paper are made from the leaves, and the wood has many
uses.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gazed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> [Only in p. p.; another
spelling for <i>aghast</i>.] <def>Gazing with astonishment; amazed.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The whole army stood <i>agazed</i> on him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Age</hw> (&amacr;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>aage</i>,
<i>eage</i>, F. <i>&acirc;ge</i>, fr. L. <i>aetas</i> through a supposed
LL. <i>aetaticum</i>. L. <i>aetas</i> is contracted fr. <i>aevitas</i>, fr.
<i>aevum</i> lifetime, age; akin to E. <i>aye</i> ever. Cf. <u>Each</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The whole duration of a being, whether animal,
vegetable, or other kind; lifetime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mine <i>age</i> is as nothing before thee.<BR>
<i>Ps. xxxix. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of the duration of a being or a thing
which is between its beginning and any given time; as, what is the present
<i>age</i> of a man, or of the earth?</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The latter part of life; an advanced period of
life; seniority; state of being old.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor wrong mine <i>age</i> with this indignity.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the stages of life; as, the <i>age</i> of
infancy, of youth, etc.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Mature age; especially, the time of life at
which one attains full personal rights and capacities; as, to come of
<i>age</i>; he (or she) is of <i>age</i>.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i>  In the
United States, both males and females are of <i>age</i> when twenty-one
years old.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The time of life at which some particular power
or capacity is understood to become vested; as, the <i>age</i> of consent;
the <i>age</i> of discretion.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A particular period of time in history, as
distinguished from others; as, the golden <i>age</i>, the <i>age</i> of
Pericles.</def> "The spirit of the <i>age</i>."  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Truth, in some <i>age</i> or other, will find her
witness.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Archeological ages</b> are designated as three: The Stone <i>age</i>
(the early and the later stone age, called <i>paleolithic</i> and
<i>neolithic</i>), the Bronze <i>age</i>, and the Iron <i>age</i>. During
the Age of Stone man is supposed to have employed stone for weapons and
implements.</p>

<p>See <u>Augustan</u>, <u>Brazen</u>, <u>Golden</u>, <u>Heroic</u>,
<u>Middle</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A great period in the history of the
Earth.</def></p>

<p>The <b>geologic ages</b> are as follows: 1. The Arch&aelig;an, including
the time when was no life and the time of the earliest and simplest forms
of life. 2. The <i>age</i> of Invertebrates, or the Silurian, when the life
on the globe consisted distinctively of invertebrates. 3. The <i>age</i> of
Fishes, or the Devonian, when fishes were the dominant race. 4. The
<i>age</i> of Coal Plants, or Acrogens, or the Carboniferous <i>age</i>. 5.
The Mesozoic or Secondary <i>age</i>, or <i>age</i> of Reptiles, when
reptiles prevailed in great numbers and of vast size. 6. The Tertiary
<i>age</i>, or <i>age</i> of Mammals, when the mammalia, or quadrupeds,
abounded, and were the dominant race. 7. The Quaternary <i>age</i>, or
<i>age</i> of Man, or the modern era.  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A century; the period of one hundred
years.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fleury . . . apologizes for these five <i>ages</i>.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The people who live at a particular period;
hence, a generation.</def> "<i>Ages</i> yet unborn."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The way which the <i>age</i> follows.<BR>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Lo! where the stage, the poor, degraded stage,<BR>
Holds its warped mirror to a gaping <i>age</i>.<BR>
<i>C. Sprague.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A long time.</def> [Colloq.] "He made minutes
an <i>age</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Age of a tide</b></col>, <cd>the time from the origin of a tide
in the South Pacific Ocean to its arrival at a given place.</cd> --
<col><b>Moon's age</b></col>, <cd>the time that has elapsed since the last
preceding conjunction of the sun and moon.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Age</i> is used to form the first part of many compounds; as,
<i>age</i>lasting, <i>age</i>-adorning, <i>age</i>-worn, <i>age</i>-
enfeebled, <i>age</i>long.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Time; period; generation; date; era; epoch.</p>

<p><hw>Age</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Aged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Aging</u> (&?;).]
<def>To grow aged; to become old; to show marks of age; as, he grew fat as
he <i>aged</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They live one hundred and thirty years, and never <i>age</i>
for all that.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>aging</i>; that is, I have a whitish, or rather a
light-colored, hair here and there.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Age</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to grow old; to
impart the characteristics of age to; as, grief <i>ages</i> us.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"ged</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Old;
having lived long; having lived almost to or beyond the usual time allotted
to that species of being; as, an <i>aged</i> man; an <i>aged</i>
oak.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to old age.</def> "<i>Aged</i>
cramps."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> (&amacr;"j&ebreve;d <i>or</i> &amacr;jd) <def>Having
a certain age; at the age of; having lived; as, a man <i>aged</i> forty
years.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"ged*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of an aged
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"ged*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
aged; oldness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Custom without truth is but <i>agedness</i> of error.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Age"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without old age
limits of duration; as, fountains of <i>ageless</i> youth.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gen"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; prep.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Again</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A"gen*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Agencies</b></plw> (&?;). [<i>agentia</i>, fr. L. <i>agens</i>,
<i>agentis</i>: cf. F. <i>agence</i>. See <u>Agent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The faculty of acting or of exerting power; the state of being in
action; action; instrumentality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The superintendence and <i>agency</i> of Providence in the
natural world.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The office of an agent, or factor; the relation
between a principal and his agent; business of one intrusted with the
concerns of another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The place of business of am agent.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Action; operation; efficiency; management.</p>

<p><hw>A"gend</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Agendum</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||A*gen"dum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Agenda</b></plw> (&?;). [L., neut. of the gerundive of <i>agere</i>
to act.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something to be done; in the <i>pl.</i>, a
memorandum book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A church service; a ritual or liturgy. [In this
sense, usually <i>Agenda</i>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`e*nes"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Agensis</u>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Characterized by sterility; infecund.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*gen"e*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; birth.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Any imperfect development of the
body, or any anomaly of organization.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ag`en*ne"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; an engendering.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Impotence;
sterility.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"gent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>agens</i>,
<i>agentis</i>, p. pr. of <i>agere</i> to act; akin to Gr. &?; to lead,
Icel. <i>aka</i> to drive, Skr. <i>aj</i>. &radic;2.] <def>Acting; --
opposed to <i>patient</i>, or sustaining, action.</def> [Archaic] "The body
<i>agent</i>."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"gent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
exerts power, or has the power to act; an actor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven made us <i>agents</i>, free to good or ill.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who acts for, or in the place of, another,
by authority from him; one intrusted with the business of another; a
substitute; a deputy; a factor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An active power or cause; that which has the
power to produce an effect; as, a physical, chemical, or medicinal
<i>agent</i>; as, heat is a powerful <i>agent</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gen"tial</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
an agent or an agency.</def>  <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"gent*ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Agency.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*ger"a*tum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
sort of plant; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; old age.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of plants, one species of which (<i>A. Mexicanum</i>) has lavender-
blue flowers in dense clusters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*gen`er*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aggenerare</i> to beget in addition. See <u>Generate</u>.] <def>The act
of producing in addition.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Stanley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ag"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a mound, fr.
<i>aggerere</i> to bear to a place, heap up; <i>ad</i> + <i>gerere</i> to
bear.] <def>An earthwork; a mound; a raised work.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hearne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag"ger*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>aggeratus</i>,
p. p. of <i>aggerare</i>. See <u>Agger</u>.] <def>To heap up.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag`ger*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aggeratio</i>.] <def>A heaping up; accumulation; as, <i>aggerations</i>
of sand.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ag`ger*ose"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In heaps; full of
heaps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*gest"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>aggestus</i>, p.
p. of <i>aggerere</i>. See <u>Agger</u>.] <def>To heap up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The violence of the waters <i>aggested</i> the earth.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag*glom"er*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Agglomerated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Agglomerating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>agglomeratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>agglomerare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>glomerare</i> to form into a ball. See
<u>Glomerate</u>.] <def>To wind or collect into a ball; hence, to gather
into a mass or anything like a mass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where he builds the <i>agglomerated</i> pile.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag*glom"er*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To collect in a
mass.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ag*glom"er*ate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ag*glom"er*a`ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Collected into a ball, heap,
or mass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Collected into a rounded head of
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*glom"er*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A collection or mass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A mass of angular volcanic
fragments united by heat; -- distinguished from
<i>conglomerate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*glom`er*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>agglom&eacute;ration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
collecting in a mass; a heaping together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An excessive <i>agglomeration</i> of turrets.<BR>
<i>Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State of being collected in a mass; a mass;
cluster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*glom"er*a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
tendency to gather together, or to make collections.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Taylor is eminently discursive, accumulative, and (to use
one of his own words) <i>agglomerative</i>.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag*glu"ti*nant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>agglutinans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>agglutinare</i>.]
<def>Uniting, as glue; causing, or tending to cause, adhesion.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any viscous substance which causes bodies or
parts to adhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*glu"ti*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Agglutinated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Agglutinating</u>.] [L. <i>agglutinatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>agglutinare</i> to glue or cement to a thing; <i>ad</i> +
<i>glutinare</i> to glue; <i>gluten</i> glue. See <u>Glue</u>.] <def>To
unite, or cause to adhere, as with glue or other viscous substance; to
unite by causing an adhesion of substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*glu"ti*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>United with glue or as with glue; cemented together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(physiol.)</i> <def>Consisting of root words
combined but not materially altered as to form or meaning; as,
<i>agglutinate</i> forms, languages, etc.  See <u>Agglutination</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*glu`ti*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>agglutination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of uniting by glue
or other tenacious substance; the state of being thus united; adhesion of
parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Combination in which root
words are united with little or no change of form or loss of meaning. See
<u>Agglutinative</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*glu"ti*na*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>agglutinatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to agglutination;
tending to unite, or having power to cause adhesion; adhesive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>Formed or characterized by
agglutination, as a language or a compound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>agglutinative</i> languages the union of words may be
compared to mechanical compounds, in inflective languages to chemical
compounds.<BR>
<i>R. Morris.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Cf. <i>man-kind</i>, <i>heir-loom</i>, <i>war-like</i>,
which are <i>agglutinative</i> compounds. The Finnish, Hungarian, Turkish,
the Tamul, etc., are <i>agglutinative</i> languages.<BR>
<i>R. Morris.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Agglutinative</i> languages preserve the consciousness of
their roots.<BR>
<i>Max M&uuml;ller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag*grace"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>grace</i>: cf. It. <i>aggraziare</i>, LL. <i>aggratiare</i>. See
<u>Grace</u>.] <def>To favor; to grace.</def> [Obs.] "That knight so much
<i>aggraced</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 32 !></p>

<p><hw>Ag*grace"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Grace; favor.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag"gran*di"za*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being aggrandized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*gran`di*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Aggrandizement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag"gran*dize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aggrandized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aggrandizing</u> (&?;).] [F. <i>agrandir</i>; <i>&agrave;</i> (L.
<i>ad</i>) + <i>grandir</i> to increase, L. <i>grandire</i>, fr.
<i>grandis</i> great. See <u>Grand</u>, and cf. <u>Finish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make great; to enlarge; to increase; as, to
<i>aggrandize</i> our conceptions, authority, distress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make great or greater in power, rank, honor,
or wealth; -- applied to persons, countries, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His scheme for <i>aggrandizing</i> his son.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make appear great or greater; to exalt.</def>
<i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To augment; exalt; promote; advance.</p>

<p><hw>Ag"gran*dize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To increase or
become great.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Follies, continued till old age, do <i>aggrandize</i>.<BR>
<i>J. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag*gran"dize*ment</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>agrandissement</i>.] <def>The act of aggrandizing, or the state of being
aggrandized or exalted in power, rank, honor, or wealth; exaltation;
enlargement; as, the emperor seeks only the <i>aggrandizement</i> of his
own family.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Augmentation; exaltation; enlargement; advancement;
promotion; preferment.</p>

<p><hw>Ag"gran*di`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
aggrandizes, or makes great.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*grate"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [It. <i>aggratare</i>,
fr. L. <i>ad</i> + <i>gratus</i> pleasing. See <u>Grate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To please.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Each one sought his lady to <i>aggrate</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag"gra*vate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aggravated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aggravating</u>.] [L. <i>aggravatus</i>, p. p. of <i>aggravare</i>. See
<u>Aggrieve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make heavy or heavier; to add
to; to increase.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>aggravate</i> thy store."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make worse, or more severe; to render less
tolerable or less excusable; to make more offensive; to enhance; to
intensify.</def> "To <i>aggravate</i> my woes."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>aggravate</i> the horrors of the scene.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The defense made by the prisoner's counsel did rather
<i>aggravate</i> than extenuate his crime.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give coloring to in description; to
exaggerate; as, to <i>aggravate</i> circumstances.</def>  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To exasperate; to provoke; to irritate.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If both were to <i>aggravate</i> her parents, as my brother
and sister do mine.<BR>
<i>Richardson (Clarissa).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To heighten; intensify; increase; magnify; exaggerate;
provoke; irritate; exasperate.</p>

<p><hw>Ag"gra*va`ting</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Making worse or more heinous; as, <i>aggravating</i>
circumstances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exasperating; provoking; irritating.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A thing at once ridiculous and <i>aggravating</i>.<BR>
<i>J. Ingelow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag"gra*va`ting*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
aggravating manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`gra*va"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>aggravatio</i>: cf. F. <i>aggravation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of aggravating, or making worse; -- used of evils, natural or moral;
the act of increasing in severity or heinousness; something additional to a
crime or wrong and enhancing its guilt or injurious consequences.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exaggerated representation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By a little <i>aggravation</i> of the features changed it
into the Saracen's head.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An extrinsic circumstance or accident which
increases the guilt of a crime or the misery of a calamity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Provocation; irritation.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag"gra*va*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
aggravate.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
aggravates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"gre*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aggregated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aggregating</u>.] [L. <i>aggregatus</i>, p. p. of <i>aggregare</i> to
lead to a flock or herd; <i>ad</i> + <i>gregare</i> to collect into a
flock, <i>grex</i> flock, herd. See <u>Gregarious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bring together; to collect into a mass or sum. "The
<i>aggregated</i> soil."</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To add or unite, as, a person, <i>to</i> an
association.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is many times hard to discern to which of the two sorts,
the good or the bad, a man ought to be <i>aggregated</i>.<BR>
<i>Wollaston.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To amount in the aggregate to; as, ten loads,
<i>aggregating</i> five hundred bushels.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To heap up; accumulate; pile; collect.</p>

<p><hw>Ag"gre*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aggregatus</i>,
p. p.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formed by a collection of particulars into a
whole mass or sum; collective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>aggregate</i> testimony of many hundreds.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Formed into clusters or groups
of lobules; as, <i>aggregate</i> glands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Composed of several florets
within a common involucre, as in the daisy; or of several carpels formed
from one flower, as in the raspberry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <i>(Min. &amp; Geol.)</i> <def>Having the several
component parts adherent to each other only to such a degree as to be
separable by mechanical means.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>United into a common
organized mass; -- said of certain compound animals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corporation aggregate</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Corporation</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ag"gre*gate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
mass, assemblage, or sum of particulars; as, a house is an <i>aggregate</i>
of stone, brick, timber, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In an <i>aggregate</i> the particulars are less intimately mixed
than in a <i>compound</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A mass formed by the union of
homogeneous particles; -- in distinction from a <i>compound</i>, formed by
the union of heterogeneous particles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In the aggregate</b></col>, <cd>collectively; together.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ag"gre*gate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Collectively; in
mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`gre*ga"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>aggregatio</i>, F. <i>agr&eacute;gation</i>.] <def>The act of
aggregating, or the state of being aggregated; collection into a mass or
sum; a collection of particulars; an aggregate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each genus is made up by <i>aggregation</i> of species.<BR>
<i>Carpenter.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A nation is not an idea only of local extent and individual
momentary <i>aggregation</i>, but . . . of continuity, which extends in
time as well as in numbers, and in space.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag"gre*ga*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Fr.
<i>agr&eacute;gatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Taken together;
collective.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Gregarious; social.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag"gre*ga`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
aggregates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*grege"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>agreger</i>.
See <u>Aggravate</u>.] <def>To make heavy; to aggravate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag*gress"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aggressed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aggressing</u>.] [L. <i>aggressus</i>, p. p. of <i>aggredi</i> to go to,
approach; <i>ad</i> + <i>gradi</i> to step, go, <i>gradus</i> step: cf. OF.
<i>aggresser</i>. See <u>Grade</u>.] <def>To commit the first act of
hostility or offense; to begin a quarrel or controversy; to make an attack;
-- with <i>on</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*gress"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set upon; to
attack.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ag*gress"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aggressus</i>.]
<def>Aggression.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their military <i>aggresses</i> on others.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag*gres"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aggressio</i>,
fr. <i>aggredi</i>: cf. F. <i>agression</i>.] <def>The first attack, or act
of hostility; the first act of injury, or first act leading to a war or a
controversy; unprovoked attack; assault; as, a war of <i>aggression</i>.
"<i>Aggressions</i> of power."</def>  <i>Hallam</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Attack; offense; intrusion; provocation.</p>

<p><hw>Ag*gres"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>agressif</i>.] <def>Tending or disposed to aggress; characterized by
aggression; making assaults; unjustly attacking; as, an <i>aggressive</i>
policy, war, person, nation.</def> -- <wf>Ag*gres"sive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ag*gres"sive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>aggressive</i> movement was made.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag*gres"sor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>agresseur</i>.] <def>The person who first attacks or makes an
aggression; he who begins hostility or a quarrel; an assailant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The insolence of the <i>aggressor</i> is usually
proportioned to the tameness of the sufferer.<BR>
<i>Ames.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag*griev"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>agrevance</i>, fr. <i>agrever</i>. See <u>Aggrieve</u>.]
<def>Oppression; hardship; injury; grievance.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Ag*grieve"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aggrieved</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aggrieving</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>agreven</i>, OF. <i>agrever</i>; <i>a</i>
(L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>grever</i> to burden, injure, L. <i>gravare</i> to
weigh down, fr. <i>gravis</i> heavy. See <u>Grieve</u>, and cf.
<u>Aggravate</u>.] <def>To give pain or sorrow to; to afflict; hence, to
oppress or injure in one's rights; to bear heavily upon; -- now commonly
used in the passive <i>TO be aggrieved</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Aggrieved</i> by oppression and extortion.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag*grieve"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grieve; to
lament.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ag*group"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aggrouped</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aggrouping</u>.] [F. <i>agrouper</i>; <i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) +
<i>groupe</i> group. See <u>Group</u>..] <def>To bring together in a group;
to group.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag*group"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Arrangement in a
group or in groups; grouping.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ag"gry</hw>, <hw>||Ag"gri</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Applied to a kind of variegated glass beads of ancient manufacture;
as, <i>aggry</i> beads are found in Ashantee and Fantee in
Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ghast"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Agast</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*ghast"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> [OE. <i>agast</i>,
<i>agasted</i>, p. p. of <i>agasten</i> to terrify, fr. AS. pref.
<i>&amacr;-</i> (cf. Goth. <i>us-</i>, G. <i>er-</i>, orig. meaning
<i>out</i>) + <i>g&?;stan</i> to terrify, torment: cf. Goth.
<i>usgaisjan</i> to terrify, primitively to fix, to root to the spot with
terror; akin to L. <i>haerere</i> to stick fast, cling. See <u>Gaze</u>,
<u>Hesitate</u>.] <def>Terrified; struck with amazement; showing signs of
terror or horror.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Aghast</i> he waked; and, starting from his bed,<BR>
Cold sweat in clammy drops his limbs o'erspread.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The commissioners read and stood <i>aghast</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag"i*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL. <i>agibilis</i>,
fr. L. <i>agere</i> to move, do.] <def>Possible to be done;
practicable.</def> [Obs.] "Fit for <i>agible</i> things."  <i>Sir A.
Sherley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag"ile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>agile</i>, L.
<i>agilis</i>, fr. <i>agere</i> to move. See <u>Agent</u>.] <def>Having the
faculty of quick motion in the limbs; apt or ready to move; nimble; active;
as, an <i>agile</i> boy; an <i>agile</i> tongue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shaking it with <i>agile</i> hand.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Active; alert; nimble; brisk; lively; quick.</p>

<p><hw>Ag"ile*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an agile manner;
nimbly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"ile*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Agility;
nimbleness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*gil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>agili&eacute;</i>, L. <i>agilitas</i>, fr. <i>agilis</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being agile; the power of moving the
limbs quickly and easily; nimbleness; activity; quickness of motion; as,
strength and <i>agility</i> of body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . trust to the <i>agility</i> of their wit.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Wheeling with the <i>agility</i> of a hawk.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Activity; powerful agency.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>agility</i> of the sun's fiery heat.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag"i*o</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Agios</b></plw> (&?;). [It. <i>aggio</i> exchange, discount,
premium, the same word as <i>agio</i> ease. See Ease.] <i>(Com.)</i>
<def>The premium or percentage on a better sort of money when it is given
in exchange for an inferior sort. The premium or discount on foreign bills
of exchange is sometimes called <i>agio</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"i*o*tage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>agiotage</i>,
fr. <i>agioter</i> to practice stockjobbing, fr. <i>agio</i>.]
<def>Exchange business; also, stockjobbing; the maneuvers of speculators to
raise or lower the price of stocks or public funds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vanity and <i>agiotage</i> are to a Parisian the oxygen and
hydrogen of life.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*gist"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>agister</i>;
<i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>gister</i> to assign a lodging, fr.
<i>giste</i> lodging, abode, F. <i>g&icirc;te</i>, LL. <i>gistum</i>,
<i>gista</i>, fr. L. <i>jacitum</i>, p. p. of <i>jac&?;re</i> to lie: cf.
LL. <i>agistare</i>, <i>adgistare</i>. See <u>Gist</u>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>To take to graze or pasture, at a certain sum; -- used originally of
the feeding of cattle in the king's forests, and collecting the money for
the same.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag`is*ta"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <def>See
<u>Agister</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*gist"er</hw>, <hw>A*gist"or</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Anglo-Norman <i>agistour</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Formerly, an officer of the king's forest, who had the care of cattle
agisted, and collected the money for the same; -- hence called
<i>gisttaker</i>, which in England is corrupted into <i>guest-
taker</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Now, one who agists or takes in
cattle to pasture at a certain rate; a pasturer.</def>  <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*gist"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>agistement</i>.
See <u>Agist</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, the
taking and feeding of other men's cattle in the king's forests.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The taking in by any one of other men's cattle to
graze at a certain rate.</def> <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The price paid for such feeding.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A
charge or rate against lands; as, an <i>agistment</i> of sea banks, <i>i.
e.</i>, charge for banks or dikes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"i*ta*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>agitabilis</i>:
cf. F. <i>agitable</i>.] <def>Capable of being agitated, or easily
moved.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ag"i*tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Agitated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Agitating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>agitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>agitare</i> to
put in motion, fr. <i>agere</i> to move: cf. F. <i>agiter</i>. See
<u>Act</u>, <u>Agent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move with a violent,
irregular action; as, the wind <i>agitates</i> the sea; to <i>agitate</i>
water in a vessel.</def> "Winds . . . <i>agitate</i> the air."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move or actuate.</def> [R.]
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stir up; to disturb or excite; to perturb;
as, he was greatly <i>agitated</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind of man is <i>agitated</i> by various passions.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To discuss with great earnestness; to debate;
as, a controversy hotly <i>agitated</i>.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To revolve in the mind, or view in all its
aspects; to contrive busily; to devise; to plot; as, politicians
<i>agitate</i> desperate designs.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To move; shake; excite; rouse; disturb; distract;
revolve; discuss; debate; canvass.</p>

<p><hw>Ag"i*ta`ted*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an agitated
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`i*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>agitatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>agitation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of agitating, or
the state of being agitated; the state of being moved with violence, or
with irregular action; commotion; as, the sea after a storm is in
<i>agitation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stirring up or arousing; disturbance of
tranquillity; disturbance of mind which shows itself by physical
excitement; perturbation; as, to cause any one <i>agitation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Excitement of public feeling by discussion,
appeals, etc.; as, the antislavery <i>agitation</i>; labor
<i>agitation</i>.</def> "Religious <i>agitations</i>."
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Examination or consideration of a subject in
controversy, or of a plan proposed for adoption; earnest discussion;
debate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A logical <i>agitation</i> of the matter.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The project now in <i>agitation</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Emotion; commotion; excitement; trepidation; tremor;
perturbation. See <u>Emotion</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ag"i*ta*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
agitate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`gi*ta"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., agitated.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Sung or played in a restless, hurried, and spasmodic
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"i*ta`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who agitates; one who stirs up or excites others; as, political
reformers and <i>agitators</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a body of men
appointed by the army, in Cromwell's time, to look after their interests; -
- called also <i>adjutators</i>.</def>  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An implement for shaking or mixing.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gleam"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>gleam</i>.] <def>Gleaming; as, faces <i>agleam</i>.</def>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ag"let</hw> (&abreve;g"l&ebreve;t), <hw>Aig"let</hw>
(&amacr;g"l&ebreve;t), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>aiguillette</i> point,
tagged point, dim. of <i>aiguilee</i> needle, fr. LL. <i>acucula</i> for
<i>acicula</i>, dim. of L. <i>acus</i> needle, pin; cf. OF. <i>agleter</i>
to hook on. See <u>Acute</u>, and cf. <u>Aiguillette</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tag of a lace or of the points, braids, or cords
formerly used in dress. They were sometimes formed into small images.
Hence, "<i>aglet</i> baby" (<i>Shak.</i>), an <i>aglet</i> image.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Haberdashery)</i> <def>A round white
staylace.</def>  <i>Beck.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*gley"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Aside; askew.</def>
[Scotch]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*glim"mer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i>
+ <i>glimmer</i>.] <def>In a glimmering state.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*glit"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i>
+ <i>glitter</i>.] <def>Glittering; in a glitter.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*glos"sal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Without tongue; tongueless.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*glow"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>glow</i>.] <def>In a glow; glowing; as, cheeks <i>aglow</i>; the
landscape all <i>aglow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`lu*ti"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not
+ L. <i>glutire</i> to swallow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inability to
swallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"mi*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>agminalis</i>;
<i>agmen</i>, <i>agminis</i>, a train.] <def>Pertaining to an army
marching, or to a train.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ag"mi*nate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ag"mi*na`ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>agmen</i>, <i>agminis</i>, a train, crowd.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Grouped together; as, the <i>agminated</i> glands of
Peyer in the small intestine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"nail</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>angn&aelig;gl</i>;
<i>ange</i> vexation, trouble + <i>n&aelig;gel</i> nail. Cf.
<u>Hangnail</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A corn on the toe or foot.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inflammation or sore under or around the
nail; also, a hangnail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>agnatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>agnasci</i> to be born in addition to; <i>ad</i> + <i>nasci</i> (for
<i>gnasci</i>) to be born. Cf. <u>Adnate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Related or akin by the father's side; also, sprung from the same male
ancestor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Allied; akin.</def> "<i>Agnate</i> words."
<i>Pownall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Assume more or less of a fictitious character, but congenial
and <i>agnate</i> with the former.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag"nate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>agnat</i>.] <i>(Civil
Law)</i> <def>A relative whose relationship can be traced exclusively
through males.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*nat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>agnatique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to descent by the male line of
ancestors.</def> "The <i>agnatic</i> succession."  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>agnatio</i>: cf.
F. <i>agnation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i>
<def>Consanguinity by a line of males only, as distinguished from
<i>cognation</i>.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><! p. 33 !></p>

<p><hw>Ag*ni"tion</hw> (&abreve;g*n&ibreve;sh"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>agnitio</i>, fr. <i>agnoscere</i>. See
<u>Notion</u>.] <def>Acknowledgment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag*nize"</hw> (&abreve;g*n&imacr;z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Formed like <i>recognize</i>, fr. L. <i>agnoscere</i>.] <def>To recognize;
to acknowledge.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I do <i>agnize</i> a natural and prompt alacrity.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag`noi*ol"o*gy</hw> (&abreve;g`noi*&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a`gnoia</grk> ignorance + <i>-logy</i>.]
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The doctrine concerning those things of which we are
necessarily ignorant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ag*no"men</hw> (&abreve;g*n&omacr;"m&ebreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.; <i>ad</i> + <i>nomen</i> name.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An additional or fourth name given by the Romans,
on account of some remarkable exploit or event; as, Publius Caius Scipio
<i>Africanus</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An additional name, or an epithet appended to a
name; as, Aristides <i>the Just</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*nom"i*nate</hw> (&abreve;g*n&obreve;m"&ibreve;*n&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To name.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ag*nom`i*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>agnominatio</i>. See <u>Agnomen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
surname.</def> [R.]  <i>Minsheu.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Paronomasia; also, alliteration;
annomination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*nos"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv.
+ &?; knowing, &?; to know.] <def>Professing ignorance; involving no
dogmatic; pertaining to or involving agnosticism.</def>  --
<wf>Ag*nos"tic*al*ly</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ag*nos"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who professes
ignorance, or denies that we have any knowledge, save of phenomena; one who
supports agnosticism, neither affirming nor denying the existence of a
personal Deity, a future life, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*nos"ti*cism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That doctrine
which, professing ignorance, neither asserts nor denies.</def>
Specifically: <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine that the existence of a
personal Deity, an unseen world, etc., can be neither proved nor disproved,
because of the necessary limits of the human mind (as sometimes charged
upon Hamilton and Mansel), or because of the insufficiency of the evidence
furnished by physical and physical data, to warrant a positive conclusion
(as taught by the school of Herbert Spencer); -- opposed alike dogmatic
skepticism and to dogmatic theism.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ag"nus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Agnuses</b></plw> (&?;); L. <plw><b>Agni</b></plw> (&?;). [L., a
lamb.] <def>Agnus Dei.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ag"nus cas"tus</hw> (&?;). [Gr. &?; a willowlike tree, used at a
religious festival; confused with &?; holy, chaste.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
species of <i>Vitex</i> (<i>V. agnus castus</i>); the chaste tree.</def>
<i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And wreaths of <i>agnus castus</i> others bore.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Ag"nus De"i</hw> (&?;). [L., lamb of God.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A figure of a lamb bearing a cross or flag.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A cake of wax stamped with such a figure. It is
made from the remains of the paschal candles and blessed by the Pope.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A triple prayer in the sacrifice of the Mass,
beginning with the words "<i>Agnus Dei</i>."</def></p>

<p><hw>A*go"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ago</i>,
<i>agon</i>, p. p. of <i>agon</i> to go away, pass by, AS.
<i>&amacr;g&amacr;n</i> to pass away; <i>&amacr;-</i> (cf. Goth. <i>us-
</i>, Ger. <i>er-</i>, orig. meaning <i>out</i>) + <i>g&amacr;n</i> to go.
See <u>Go</u>.] <def>Past; gone by; since; as, ten years <i>ago</i>; gone
long <i>ago</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gog"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>gogue</i>
fun, perhaps of Celtic origin.] <def>In eager desire; eager;
astir.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>agog</i> to dash through thick and thin.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*go"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> + p.
pr. of <i>go</i>.] <def>In motion; in the act of going; as, to set a mill
<i>agoing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ag"on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Agones</b></plw> (&?;). [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to lead.] <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A contest for a prize at the public games.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gone"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Ago.</def>
[Archaic> &amp; Poet.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Three days <i>agone</i> I fell sick.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. xxx. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A"gone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Agonic</u>.]
<def>Agonic line.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gon"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; without angles;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; an angle.] <def>Not forming an angle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Agonic line</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>an imaginary line on
the earth's surface passing through those places where the magnetic needle
points to the true north; the line of no magnetic variation. There is one
such line in the Western hemisphere, and another in the Eastern
hemisphere.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ag"o*nism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
contend for a prize, fr. &?;. See <u>Agon</u>.] <def>Contention for a
prize; a contest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag"o*nist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>One who
contends for the prize in public games.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ag`o*nis"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ag`o*nis"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See <u>Agonism</u>.] <def>Pertaining to
violent contests, bodily or mental; pertaining to athletic or polemic
feats; athletic; combative; hence, strained; unnatural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a scholar, he [Dr. Parr] was brilliant, but he consumed
his power in <i>agonistic</i> displays.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag`o*nis"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an agonistic
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`o*nis"tics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science of
athletic combats, or contests in public games.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"o*nize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Agonized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Agonizing</u> (&?;).] [F. <i>agoniser</i>, LL. <i>agonizare</i>, fr. Gr.
&?;. See <u>Agony</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To writhe with agony; to
suffer violent anguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To smart and <i>agonize</i> at every pore.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To struggle; to wrestle; to strive
desperately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"o*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to suffer
agony; to subject to extreme pain; to torture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>agonized</i> his mother by his behavior.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ag"o*ni`zing*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With extreme
anguish or desperate struggles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"o*no*thete`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; + &?;
to set. appoint.] [Antiq.] <def>An officer who presided over the great
public games in Greece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`o*no*thet"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Pertaining to the office of an agonothete.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Agonies</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>agonia</i>, Gr. &?;, orig. a
contest, fr. &?;: cf. F. <i>agonie</i>. See <u>Agon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Violent contest or striving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world is convulsed by the <i>agonies</i> of great
nations.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pain so extreme as to cause writhing or
contortions of the body, similar to those made in the athletic contests in
Greece; and hence, extreme pain of mind or body; anguish; paroxysm of
grief; specifically, the sufferings of Christ in the garden of
Gethsemane.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being in an <i>agony</i> he prayed more earnestly.<BR>
<i>Luke xxii. 44.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Paroxysm of joy; keen emotion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With cries and <i>agonies</i> of wild delight.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The last struggle of life; death
struggle.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Anguish; torment; throe; distress; pangs; suffering.  --
<u>Agony</u>, <u>Anguish</u>, <u>Pang</u>. These words agree in expressing
extreme pain of body or mind. <i>Agony </i>denotes acute and permanent
pain, usually of the whole system., and often producing contortions.
<i>Anguish</i> denotes severe pressure, and, considered as bodily
suffering, is more commonly local (as <i>anguish</i> of a wound), thus
differing from <i>agony</i>. A <i>pang</i> is a paroxysm of excruciating
pain. It is severe and transient. The <i>agonies</i> or <i>pangs</i> of
remorse; the <i>anguish</i> of a wounded conscience. "Oh, sharp convulsive
<i>pangs</i> of <i>agonizing</i> pride!"  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*good</hw>(&adot;*g&oocr;d"), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-
</i> + <i>good</i>.] <def>In earnest; heartily.</def> [Obs.] "I made her
weep <i>agood</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ag"o*ra</hw> (&abreve;g"&osl;*r&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'agora`</grk>.] <def>An assembly; hence, the place of assembly,
especially the market place, in an ancient Greek city.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*gou"a*ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The crab-eating raccoon (<i>Procyon
cancrivorus</i>), found in the tropical parts of America.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*gou"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small insectivorous mammal (<i>Solenodon
paradoxus</i>), allied to the moles, found only in Hayti.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*gou"ti</hw>, <hw>A*gou"ty</hw>  } (&adot;*g&oomac;"t&ibreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>agouti</i>, <i>acouti</i>, Sp. <i>aguti</i>,
fr. native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rodent of the genus
<i>Dasyprocta</i>, about the size of a rabbit, peculiar to South America
and the West Indies. The most common species is the <i>Dasyprocta
agouti</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*grace"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Aggrace</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*graffe"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>agrafe</i>,
formerly <i>agraffe</i>, OF. <i>agrappe</i>. See <u>Agrappes</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hook or clasp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The feather of an ostrich, fastened in her turban by an
<i>agraffe</i> set with brilliants.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hook, eyelet, or other device by which a piano
wire is so held as to limit the vibration.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gram"ma*tist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; illiterate;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; letters, fr. &?; to write.] <def>A illiterate
person.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*graph"i*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; to write.] <def>The absence or loss of the power of expressing
ideas by written signs. It is one form of aphasia.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*graph"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
agraphia.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*grappes"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OF. <i>agrappe</i>,
F. <i>agrafe</i>; <i>a</i> + <i>grappe</i> (see <u>Grape</u>) fr. OHG.
<i>kr&amacr;pfo</i> hook.] <def>Hooks and eyes for armor, etc.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*gra"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>agrarius</i>,
fr. <i>ager</i> field.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to fields, or
lands, or their tenure; esp., relating to an equal or equitable division of
lands; as, the <i>agrarian</i> laws of Rome, which distributed the
conquered and other public lands among citizens.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His Grace's landed possessions are irresistibly inviting to
an <i>agrarian</i> experiment.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Wild; -- said of plants growing in
the fields.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gra"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
in favor of an equal division of landed property.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An agrarian law.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An equal <i>agrarian</i> is perpetual law.<BR>
<i>Harrington.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*gra"ri*an*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An equal or
equitable division of landed property; the principles or acts of those who
favor a redistribution of land.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gra"ri*an*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
distribute according to, or to imbue with, the principles of
agrarianism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*gre"</hw>, <hw>A*gree"</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&agrave; gr&eacute;</i>. See <u>Agree</u>.] <def>In good part;
kindly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*gree"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Agreed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Agreeing</u>.] [F. <i>agr&eacute;er</i> to accept or receive kindly, fr.
<i>&agrave; gr&eacute;</i>; <i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) +
<i>gr&eacute;</i> good will, consent, liking, fr. L. <i>gratus</i>
pleasing, agreeable. See <u>Grateful</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
harmonize in opinion, statement, or action; to be in unison or concord; to
be or become united or consistent; to concur; as, all parties <i>agree</i>
in the expediency of the law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If music and sweet poetry <i>agree</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Their witness <i>agreed</i> not together.<BR>
<i>Mark xiv. 56.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The more you <i>agree</i> together, the less hurt can your
enemies do you.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To yield assent; to accede; -- followed by
<i>to</i>; as, to <i>agree</i> to an offer, or to opinion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a stipulation by way of settling
differences or determining a price; to exchange promises; to come to terms
or to a common resolve; to promise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Agree</i> with thine adversary quickly.<BR>
<i>Matt. v. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Didst not thou <i>agree</i> with me for a penny ?<BR>
<i>Matt. xx. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be conformable; to resemble; to coincide; to
correspond; as, the picture does not <i>agree</i> with the original; the
two scales <i>agree</i> exactly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To suit or be adapted in its effects; to do
well; as, the same food does not <i>agree</i> with every
constitution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To correspond in gender, number,
case, or person.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The auxiliary forms of <i>to be</i> are often employed with the
participle <i>agreed</i>. "The jury <i>were agreed</i>." <i>Macaulay.</i>
"Can two walk together, except they <i>be agreed</i> ?" <i>Amos iii. 3.</i>
The principal intransitive uses were probably derived from the transitive
verb used reflexively. "I <i>agree</i> me well to your desire."  <i>Ld.
Berners.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To assent; concur; consent; acquiesce; accede; engage;
promise; stipulate; contract; bargain; correspond; harmonize; fit; tally;
coincide; comport.</p>

<p><hw>A*gree"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make harmonious; to reconcile or make friends.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To admit, or come to one mind concerning; to
settle; to arrange; as, to <i>agree</i> the fact; to <i>agree</i>
differences.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*gree`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>agreablete</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easiness of disposition.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being, or making one's self,
agreeable; agreeableness.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*gree"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>agr&eacute;able</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing, either to the
mind or senses; pleasant; grateful; as, <i>agreeable</i> manners or
remarks; an <i>agreeable</i> person; fruit <i>agreeable</i> to the
taste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A train of <i>agreeable</i> reveries.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Willing; ready to agree or consent.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These Frenchmen give unto the said captain of Calais a great
sum of money, so that he will be but content and <i>agreeable</i> that they
may enter into the said town.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Agreeing or suitable; conformable;
correspondent; concordant; adapted; -- followed by <i>to</i>, rarely by
<i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which is <i>agreeable</i> to the nature of one thing,
is many times contrary to the nature of another.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In pursuance, conformity, or accordance; -- in
this sense used adverbially for <i>agreeably</i>; as, <i>agreeable</i> to
the order of the day, the House took up the report.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pleasing; pleasant; welcome; charming; acceptable;
amiable. See <u>Pleasant</u>.</p>

<p><hw>A*gree"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being agreeable or pleasing; that quality which gives
satisfaction or moderate pleasure to the mind or senses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That author . . . has an <i>agreeableness</i> that charms
us.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being agreeable or suitable;
suitableness or conformity; consistency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>agreeableness</i> of virtuous actions to human
nature.<BR>
<i>Pearce.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Resemblance; concordance; harmony; -- with
<i>to</i> or <i>between</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>agreeableness</i> between man and the other parts of
the universe.<BR>
<i>Grew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*gree"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
an agreeably manner; in a manner to give pleasure; pleasingly.</def>
"<i>Agreeably</i> entertained."  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In accordance; suitably; consistently;
conformably; -- followed by <i>to</i> and rarely by <i>with</i>. See
<u>Agreeable</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The effect of which is, that marriages grow less frequent,
<i>agreeably</i> to the maxim above laid down.<BR>
<i>Paley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Alike; similarly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Both clad in shepherds' weeds <i>agreeably</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*gree"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an agreeing
manner (<i>to</i>); correspondingly; agreeably.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*gree"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>agr&eacute;ment</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>State of agreeing; harmony
of opinion, statement, action, or character; concurrence; concord;
conformity; as, a good <i>agreement</i> subsists among the members of the
council.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>agreement</i> hath the temple of God with idols
?<BR>
<i>2 Cor. vi. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Expansion and duration have this further
<i>agreement</i>.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Concord or correspondence of one
word with another in gender, number, case, or person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A concurrence
in an engagement that something shall be done or omitted; an exchange of
promises; mutual understanding, arrangement, or stipulation; a
contract.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The language, oral or written,
embodying reciprocal promises.</def>  <i>Abbott. Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bargain; contract; compact; stipulation.</p>

<p><hw>A*gre"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
agrees.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gres"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>agrestis</i>, fr.
<i>ager</i> field.] <def>Pertaining to fields or the country, in opposition
to the city; rural; rustic; unpolished; uncouth.</def> "<i>Agrestic</i>
behavior."  <i>Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*gres"tic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Agrestic.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*gric`o*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
<i>agricolatio</i>.] <def>Agriculture.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*gric"o*list</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cultivator of
the soil; an agriculturist.</def>  <i>Dodsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag"ri*cul`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>ager</i>
field + <i>cultor</i> cultivator.] <def>An agriculturist; a farmer.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ag`ri*cul"tur*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to agriculture; connected with, or engaged in, tillage; as, the
<i>agricultural</i> class; <i>agricultural</i> implements, wages,
etc.</def>  -- <wf>Ag`ri*cul"tur*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Agricultural ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species of
ant which gathers and stores seeds of grasses, for food. The remarkable
species (<i>Myrmica barbata</i>) found in Texas clears circular areas and
carefully cultivates its favorite grain, known as ant rice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ag`ri*cul"tur*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
agriculturist (which is the preferred form.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"ri*cul`ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>agricultura</i>; <i>ager</i> field + <i>cultura</i> cultivation: cf. F.
<i>agriculture</i>. See <u>Acre</u> and <u>Culture</u>.] <def>The art or
science of cultivating the ground, including the harvesting of crops, and
the rearing and management of live stock; tillage; husbandry;
farming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`ri*cul"tur*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Agriculture.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ag`ri*cul"tur*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One engaged or
skilled in agriculture; a husbandman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The farmer is always a practitioner, the
<i>agriculturist</i> may be a mere theorist.<BR>
<i>Crabb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*grief"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>grief</i>.] <def>In grief; amiss.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag"ri*mo*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>agremoyne</i>,
OF. <i>aigremoine</i>, L. <i>agrimonia</i> for <i>argemonia</i>, fr. Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of plants of the Rose
family.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The name is also given to various
other plants; as, hemp <i>agrimony</i> (<i>Eupatorium cannabinum</i>);
water <i>agrimony</i> (<i>Bidens</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Agrimonia eupatoria</i>, or common agrimony, a perennial
herb with a spike of yellow flowers, was once esteemed as a medical remedy,
but is now seldom used.</p>

<p><! p. 34 !></p>

<p><hw>A*grin"</hw> (&adot;*gr&ibreve;n"), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>grin</i>.] <def>In the act of grinning.</def> "His
visage all <i>agrin</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag`ri*ol"o*gist</hw>
(&abreve;g`r&ibreve;*&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One versed or engaged in agriology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`ri*ol"o*gy</hw> (&abreve;g`r&ibreve;*&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a`grios</grk> wild, savage + <i>-logy</i>.]
<def>Description or comparative study of the customs of savage or
uncivilized tribes.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*grise"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&amacr;gr&imacr;san</i> to dread; <i>&amacr;-</i> (cf. Goth. <i>us-</i>,
Ger. <i>er-</i>, orig. meaning <i>out</i>) + <i>gr&imacr;san</i>, for
<i>gr&?;san</i> (only in comp.), akin to OHG. <i>gr&?;is&?;n</i>, G.
<i>grausen</i>, to shudder. See <u>Grisly</u>.] <def>To shudder with
terror; to tremble with fear.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*grise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
shudder at; to abhor; to dread; to loathe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To terrify; to affright.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His manly face that did his foes <i>agrise</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||A"grom</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease occurring in Bengal and other parts of the
East Indies, in which the tongue chaps and cleaves.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ag`ro*nom"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ag`ro*nom"ic*al</hw> (&?;), } [Cf. F.
<i>agronomique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to agronomy, of the management of
farms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`ro*nom"ics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science of
the distribution and management of land.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gron"o*mist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
agronomy; a student of agronomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*gron"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; rural; as a
noun, an overseer of the public lands; &?; field + &?; usage, &?; to deal
out, manage: cf. F. <i>agronomie</i>.] <def>The management of land; rural
economy; agriculture.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*grope"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>grope</i>.] <def>In the act of groping.</def>  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*gros"tis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<def>A genus of grasses, including species called in common language
<i>bent grass</i>. Some of them, as redtop (<i>Agrostis vulgaris</i>), are
valuable pasture grasses.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*gros`to*graph"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*gros`to*graph"ic*al</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>agrostographique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to agrostography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`ros*tog"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-
graphy</i>.] <def>A description of the grasses.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*gros`to*log"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*gros`to*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to agrostology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`ros*tol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled
in agrostology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`ros*tol"ogy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>That part of botany which treats of the grasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ground"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>ground</i>.] <def>On the ground; stranded; -- a nautical term applied to
a ship when its bottom lodges on the ground.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*group"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Aggroupment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag`ryp*not"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sleepless;
&?; to chase, search for + &?; sleep: cf. F. <i>agrypnotique</i>.]
<def>Anything which prevents sleep, or produces wakefulness, as strong tea
or coffee.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`guar*di*en"te</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., contr. of
<i>agua ardiente</i> burning water (L. <i>aqua</i> water + <i>ardens</i>
burning).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A inferior brandy of Spain and
Portugal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strong alcoholic drink, especially
pulque.</def> [Mexico and Spanish America.]</p>

<p><hw>A"gue</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>agu</i>, <i>ague</i>,
OF. <i>agu</i>, F. <i>aigu</i>, sharp, OF. fem. <i>ague</i>, LL. (febris)
<i>acuta</i>, a sharp, acute fever, fr. L. <i>acutus</i> sharp. See
<u>Acute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An acute fever.</def> [Obs.]
"Brenning <i>agues</i>."  <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An intermittent fever, attended by
alternate cold and hot fits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The cold fit or rigor of the intermittent fever;
as, fever and <i>ague</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A chill, or state of shaking, as with
cold.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ague cake</b></col>, <cd>an enlargement of the spleen produced
by ague.</cd> -- <col><b>Ague drop</b></col>, <cd>a solution of the
arsenite of potassa used for ague.</cd> -- <col><b>Ague fit</b></col>,
<cd>a fit of the ague.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Ague spell</b></col>,
<cd>a spell or charm against ague.</cd> <i>Gay.</i> -- <col><b>Ague
tree</b></col>, <cd>the sassafras, -- sometimes so called from the use of
its root formerly, in cases of ague.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A"gue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Agued</u> (&?;).] <def>To strike with an ague, or with a cold fit.</def>
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*guilt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be guilty of;
to offend; to sin against; to wrong.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*guise"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dress.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*guise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref <i>a-</i> +
<i>guise</i>.] <def>To dress; to attire; to adorn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Above all knights ye goodly seem <i>aguised</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A"gu*ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the qualities of an ague; somewhat cold or shivering; chilly;
shaky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>aguish</i> love now glows and burns.<BR>
<i>Granville.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Productive of, or affected by, ague; as, the
<i>aguish</i> districts of England.</def>  <i>T. Arnold.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>A"gu*ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*gush"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>gush</i>.] <def>In a gushing state.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ag"y*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv.
+ <grk>gynh`</grk> woman.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Without female organs;
male.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ah</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>a</i>: cf. OF.
<i>a</i>, F. <i>ah</i>, L. <i>ah</i>, Gr. &?;, Sk. <i>&amacr;</i>, Icel.
&aelig;, OHG. <i>&amacr;</i>, Lith. <i>&aacute;</i>,
<i>&aacute;&aacute;</i>.] <def>An exclamation, expressive of surprise,
pity, complaint, entreaty, contempt, threatening, delight, triumph, etc.,
according to the manner of utterance.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ha"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [<i>Ah</i>, interj. +
<i>ha</i>.] <def>An exclamation expressing, by different intonations,
triumph, mixed with derision or irony, or simple surprise.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ha"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sunk fence. See <u>Ha-
ha</u>.</def>  <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*head"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>head</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In or to the front; in advance;
onward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The island bore but a little <i>ahead</i> of us.<BR>
<i>Fielding.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Headlong; without restraint.</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To go ahead</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To go in
advance.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To go on onward.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To push on in an enterprise.</cd> [Colloq] --
<col><b>To get ahead of</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To get in
advance of.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To surpass; to get the better
of.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>A*heap"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>heap</i>.] <def>In a heap; huddled together.</def>  <i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*height"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>height</i>.] <def>Aloft; on high.</def> [Obs.] "Look up <i>aheight</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*hem"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An exclamation to
call one's attention; hem.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*hey"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Hey; ho.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*high"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>On high.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*hold"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>hold</i>.] <def>Near the wind; as, to lay a ship <i>ahold</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*horse"back</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>On
horseback.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two suspicious fellows <i>ahorseback</i>.<BR>
<i>Smollet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*hoy"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [OE. a, interj. +
<i>hoy</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A term used in hailing; as, "Ship
<i>ahoy</i>."</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ah"ri*man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.] <def>The Evil
Principle or Being of the ancient Persians; the Prince of Darkness as
opposer to <i>Ormuzd</i>, the King of Light.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"hu</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Asiatic gazelle.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*hull"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>hull</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>With the sails furled, and the helm
lashed alee; -- applied to ships in a storm. See <u>Hull</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>A*hun"gered</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>hungered</i>.] <def>Pinched with hunger; very hungry.</def>  <i>C.
Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"i</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ais</b></plw> (&?;). [Braz. <i>a&iuml;</i>, <i>ha&iuml;</i>, from
the animal's cry: cf. F. <i>a&iuml;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
three-toed sloth (<i>Bradypus tridactylus</i>) of South America. See
<u>Sloth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ai"blins</hw>, <hw>A"blins</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See
<u>Able</u>.] <def>Perhaps; possibly.</def> [Scotch]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aich's met"al</hw> (&?;). <def>A kind of gun metal, containing
copper, zinc, and iron, but no tin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aided</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aiding</u>.] [F. <i>aider</i>, OF. <i>aidier</i>, fr. L. <i>adjutare</i>
to help, freq. of <i>adjuvare</i> to help; <i>ad</i> + <i>juvare</i> to
help. Cf. <u>Adjutant</u>.] <def>To support, either by furnishing strength
or means in co&ouml;peration to effect a purpose, or to prevent or to
remove evil; to help; to assist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You speedy helpers . . . <BR>
Appear and <i>aid</i> me in this enterprise.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To help; assist; support; sustain; succor; relieve;
befriend; co&ouml;perate; promote. See <u>Help</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Aid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>aide</i>, OF.
<i>a&iuml;de</i>, <i>a&iuml;e</i>, fr. the verb. See <u>Aid</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Help; succor; assistance;
relief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An unconstitutional mode of obtaining <i>aid</i>.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The person or thing that promotes or helps in
something done; a helper; an assistant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not good that man should be alone; let us make unto
him an <i>aid</i> like unto himself.<BR>
<i>Tobit viii. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>A subsidy granted to the
king by Parliament; also, an exchequer loan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>A pecuniary tribute paid by
a vassal to his lord on special occasions.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An aid-de-camp, so called by abbreviation; as, a
general's <i>aid</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aid prayer</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a proceeding by which a
defendant beseeches and claims assistance from some one who has a further
or more permanent interest in the matter in suit.</cd> -- <col><b>To pray
in aid</b></col>, <cd>to beseech and claim such assistance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Aid"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>aidance</i>.]
<def>Aid.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Aidance</i> 'gainst the enemy.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Aid"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>aidant</i>, p.
pr. of <i>aider</i> to help.] <def>Helping; helpful; supplying aid.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aid"-de-camp`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aids-de-camp</b></plw>. (&?;). [F. <i>aide de camp</i> (literally)
camp assistant.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An officer selected by a general to
carry orders, also to assist or represent him in correspondence and in
directing movements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aid"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
aids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aid"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Helpful.</def>
[Archaic.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aid"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Helpless; without
aid.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aid"-ma`jor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The adjutant of a
regiment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ai"el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Ayle</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Aig"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Aglet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ai"gre</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Eager</u>.]
<def>Sour.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ai"gre*more</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. origin unknown.]
<def>Charcoal prepared for making powder.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ai"gret</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ai*grette</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a sort of white heron, with a tuft of feathers on
its head; a tuft of feathers; dim. of the same word as <i>heron</i>. See
<u>Heron</u>, and cf. <u>Egret</u>, <u>Egrette</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The small white European heron. See
<u>Egret</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plume or tuft for the head composed of
feathers, or of gems, etc.</def>  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tuft like that of the egret.</def>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A feathery crown of seed; egret; as, the <i>aigrette</i>
or down of the dandelion or the thistle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ai`guille"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a needle. See
<u>Aglet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A needle-shaped peak.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for boring holes, used in
blasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ai`guil*lette"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Aglet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A point or tag at the end of a
fringe or lace; an aglet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the ornamental tags, cords, or loops on
some military and naval uniforms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ai"gu*let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Aglet</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ail</hw> (&amacr;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ailed</u> (&amacr;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ailing</u>.] [OE. <i>eilen</i>, <i>ailen</i>, AS. <i>eglan</i> to
trouble, pain; akin to Goth. us-<i>agljan</i> to distress, <i>agls</i>
troublesome, irksome, <i>aglo</i>, <i>aglitha</i>, pain, and prob. to E.
<i>awe</i>. &radic;3.] <def>To affect with pain or uneasiness, either
physical or mental; to trouble; to be the matter with; -- used to express
some uneasiness or affection, whose cause is unknown; as, what <i>ails</i>
the man? I know not what <i>ails</i> him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>aileth</i> thee, Hagar?<BR>
<i>Gen. xxi. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; It is never used to express a specific disease. We do not say, a
fever <i>ails</i> him; but, something <i>ails</i> him.</p>

<p><hw>Ail</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be affected with pain or
uneasiness of any sort; to be ill or indisposed or in trouble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he <i>ails</i> ever so little . . . he is so
peevish.<BR>
<i>Richardson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Indisposition or morbid
affection.</def>
 <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ai*lan"thus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ailantus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ai*lan"tus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>aylanto</i>, i.
e., tree of heaven, the name of the tree in the Moluccas.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of beautiful trees, natives of the East Indies. The tree
imperfectly di&oelig;cious, and the staminate or male plant is very
offensive when blossom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ai*lette</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ailette</i>, dim.
of <i>aile</i> wing, L. <i>ala</i>.] <def>A small square shield, formerly
worn on the shoulders of knights, -- being the prototype of the modern
epaulet.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ail"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Indisposition; morbid
affection of the body; -- not applied ordinarily to acute diseases.</def>
"Little <i>ailments</i>."  <i>Landsdowne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ai`lu*roid"e*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; cat + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of the Carnivora,
which includes the cats, civets, and hyenas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aim</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aimed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aiming</u>.] [OE. <i>amen</i>, <i>aimen</i>, <i>eimen</i>, to guess at,
to estimate, to aim, OF. <i>esmer</i>, <i>asmer</i>, fr. L.
<i>aestimare</i> to estimate; or perh. fr. OF. <i>aesmer</i>; &?; (L.
<i>ad</i>) + <i>esmer</i>. See <u>Estimate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
point or direct a missile weapon, or a weapon which propels as missile,
towards an object or spot with the intent of hitting it; as, to <i>aim</i>
at a fox, or at a target.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To direct the indention or purpose; to attempt
the accomplishment of a purpose; to try to gain; to endeavor; -- followed
by <i>at</i>, or by an infinitive; as, to <i>aim</i> at distinction; to
<i>aim</i> to do well.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Aim'st</i> thou at princes?<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To guess or conjecture.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aim</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To direct or point, as a
weapon, at a particular object; to direct, as a missile, an act, or a
proceeding, at, to, or against an object; as, to <i>aim</i> a musket or an
arrow, the fist or a blow (<i>at</i> something); to <i>aim</i> a satire or
a reflection (<i>at</i> some person or vice).</def></p>

<p><hw>Aim</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>esme</i> estimation, fr.
<i>esmer</i>. See <u>Aim</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The pointing of a weapon, as a gun, a dart, or an arrow, in the line
of direction with the object intended to be struck; the line of fire; the
direction of anything, as a spear, a blow, a discourse, a remark, towards a
particular point or object, with a view to strike or affect it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each at the head leveled his deadly <i>aim</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The point intended to be hit, or object intended
to be attained or affected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be the <i>aim</i> of every dangerous shot.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Intention; purpose; design; scheme.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How oft ambitious <i>aims</i> are crossed!<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Conjecture; guess.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What you would work me to, I have some <i>aim</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To cry aim</b></col> <i>(Archery)</i>, <cd>to encourage.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- End; object; scope; drift; design; purpose; intention;
scheme; tendency; aspiration.</p>

<p><hw>Aim"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who aims, directs,
or points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aim"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without aim or purpose; as,
an <i>aimless</i> life.</def>  -- <wf>Aim"less*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Aim"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ai"no</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be the native name
for man.] <def>One of a peculiar race inhabiting Yesso, the Kooril Islands
etc., in the northern part of the empire of Japan, by some supposed to have
been the progenitors of the Japanese. The Ainos are stout and short, with
hairy bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ain't</hw> (&?;). <def>A contraction for <i>are not</i> and <i>am
not</i>; also used for <i>is not</i>. [Colloq. or illiterate speech]. See
<u>An't</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air</hw> (&acirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>air</i>,
<i>eir</i>, F. <i>air</i>, L. <i>a&euml;r</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>'ah`r</grk>,
air, mist, for <grk>'a&digamma;hr</grk>, fr. root <grk>'a&digamma;</grk> to
blow, breathe, probably akin to E. <i>wind</i>. In sense 10 the French has
taking a meaning fr. It. <i>aria</i> atmosphere, air, fr. the same Latin
word; and in senses 11, 12, 13 the French meaning is either fr. L.
<i>aria</i>, or due to confusion with F. <i>aire</i>, in an older sense of
origin, descent. Cf. <u>A&euml;ry</u>, <u>Debonair</u>, <u>Malaria</u>,
<u>Wind</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fluid which we breathe, and which
surrounds the earth; the atmosphere. It is invisible, inodorous, insipid,
transparent, compressible, elastic, and ponderable.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By the ancient philosophers, <i>air</i> was regarded as an
element; but modern science has shown that it is essentially a mixture of
oxygen and nitrogen, with a small amount of carbon dioxide, the average
proportions being, by volume: oxygen, 20.96 per cent.; nitrogen, 79.00 per
cent.; carbon dioxide, 0.04 per cent. These proportions are subject to a
very slight variability. Air also always contains some vapor of water.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Symbolically: Something unsubstantial, light, or
volatile.</def> "Charm ache with <i>air</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was still all <i>air</i> and fire.</blockquote>
[<i>Air</i> and <i>fire</i> being the finer and quicker elements as opposed
to <i>earth</i> and <i>water</i>.] <i>Macaulay</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A particular state of the atmosphere, as
respects heat, cold, moisture, etc., or as affecting the sensations; as, a
smoky <i>air</i>, a damp <i>air</i>, the morning <i>air</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any a&euml;riform body; a gas; as, oxygen was
formerly called vital <i>air</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Air in motion; a light breeze; a gentle
wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let vernal <i>airs</i> through trembling osiers play.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Odoriferous or contaminated air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That which surrounds and influences.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The keen, the wholesome <i>air</i> of poverty.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Utterance abroad; publicity; vent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You gave it <i>air</i> before me.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Intelligence; information.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A musical
idea, or <i>motive</i>, rhythmically developed in consecutive single tones,
so as to form a symmetrical and balanced whole, which may be sung by a
single voice to the stanzas of a hymn or song, or even to plain prose, or
played upon an instrument; a melody; a tune; an aria.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In harmonized chorals, psalmody, part songs, etc.,
the part which bears the tune or melody -- in modern harmony usually the
upper part -- is sometimes called the <i>air</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>The peculiar look, appearance, and bearing of a
person; mien; demeanor; as, the <i>air</i> of a youth; a heavy <i>air</i>;
a lofty <i>air</i>.</def>  "His very <i>air</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Peculiar appearance; apparent character;
semblance; manner; style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was communicated with the <i>air</i> of a secret.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An artificial or affected manner;
show of pride or vanity; haughtiness; as, it is said of a person, he puts
on <i>airs</i>.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><! p. 35 !></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
representation or reproduction of the effect of the atmospheric medium
through which every object in nature is viewed.</def> <i>New Am. Cyc.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Carriage; attitude; action; movement; as, the head
of that portrait has a good <i>air</i>.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>The artificial motion or carriage
of a horse.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Air</i> is much used adjectively or as the first part of a
compound term. In most cases it might be written indifferently, as a
separate limiting word, or as the first element of the compound term, with
or without the hyphen; as, <i>air</i> bladder, <i>air</i>-bladder, or
<i>air</i>bladder; <i>air</i> cell, <i>air</i>-cell, or <i>air</i>cell;
<i>air</i>-pump, or <i>air</i>pump.</p>

<p><col><b>Air balloon</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Balloon</u>. </cd> --
<col><b>Air bath</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An apparatus for the
application of air to the body.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An arrangement
for drying substances in air of any desired temperature.</cd> --
<col><b>Air castle</b></col>.  <cd>See <u>Castle in the air</u>, under
<u>Castle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Air compressor</b></col>, <cd>a machine for
compressing air to be used as a motive power.</cd> -- <col><b>Air
crossing</b></col>, <cd>a passage for air in a mine.</cd> -- <col><b>Air
cushion</b></col>, <cd>an air-tight cushion which can be inflated; also, a
device for arresting motion without shock by confined air.</cd> --
<col><b>Air fountain</b></col>, <cd>a contrivance for producing a jet of
water by the force of compressed air.</cd> -- <col><b>Air
furnace</b></col>, <cd>a furnace which depends on a natural draft and not
on blast.</cd> -- <col><b>Air line</b></col>, <cd>a straight line; a bee
line.</cd> Hence <col><b>Air-line</b></col>, <pos><i>adj.</i></pos>;
<cd>as, <i>air-line</i> road.</cd> -- <col><b>Air lock</b></col> <i>(Hydr.
Engin.)</i>, <cd>an intermediate chamber between the outer air and the
compressed-air chamber of a pneumatic caisson.</cd> <i>Knight.</i>  --
<col><b>Air port</b></col> <i>(Nav.)</i>, <cd>a scuttle or porthole in a
ship to admit air.</cd> -- <col><b>Air spring</b></col>, <cd>a spring in
which the elasticity of air is utilized.</cd> -- <col><b>Air
thermometer</b></col>, <cd>a form of thermometer in which the contraction
and expansion of air is made to measure changes of temperature.</cd> --
<col><b>Air threads</b></col>, <cd>gossamer.</cd> -- <col><b>Air
trap</b></col>, <cd>a contrivance for shutting off foul air or gas from
drains, sewers, etc.; a stench trap.</cd> -- <col><b>Air trunk</b></col>,
<cd>a pipe or shaft for conducting foul or heated air from a room.</cd> --
<col><b>Air valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve to regulate the admission or
egress of air; esp. a valve which opens inwardly in a steam boiler and
allows air to enter.</cd> -- <col><b>Air way</b></col>, <cd>a passage for a
current of air; as the <i>air way</i> of an air pump; an <i>air way</i> in
a mine.</cd> -- <col><b>In the air</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Prevalent without traceable origin or authority, as rumors.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Not in a fixed or stable position; unsettled.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>Unsupported and liable to be turned
or taken in flank; as, the army had its wing <i>in the air</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To take air</b></col>, <cd>to be divulged; to be made public.</cd>
-- <col><b>To take the air</b></col>, <cd>to go abroad; to walk or ride
out.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Air</hw> (&acirc;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aired</u> (&acirc;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Airing</u>.] [See <u>Air</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>A&euml;rate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To expose to the air for the
purpose of cooling, refreshing, or purifying; to ventilate; as, to
<i>air</i> a room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were good wisdom . . . that the jail were
<i>aired</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Were you but riding forth to <i>air</i> yourself.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expose for the sake of public notice; to
display ostentatiously; as, to <i>air</i> one's opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Airing</i> a snowy hand and signet gem.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To expose to heat, for the purpose of expelling
dampness, or of warming; as, to <i>air</i> linen; to <i>air</i>
liquors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" bed`</hw> (&?;). <def>A sack or matters inflated with air, and
used as a bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" blad`der</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An
air sac, sometimes double or variously lobed, in the visceral cavity of
many fishes. It originates in the same way as the lungs of air-breathing
vertebrates, and in the adult may retain a tubular connection with the
pharynx or esophagus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sac or bladder full of air in an animal or
plant; also an air hole in a casting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" brake`</hw> (&?;).  <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A railway brake
operated by condensed air.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Air"-built`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Erected in the
air; having no solid foundation; chimerical; as, an <i>air-built</i>
castle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" cell`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
cavity in the cellular tissue of plants, containing air only.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A receptacle of air in various
parts of the system; as, a cell or minute cavity in the walls of the air
tubes of the lungs; the air sac of birds; a dilatation of the air vessels
in insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" cham`ber</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chamber or
cavity filled with air, in an animal or plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cavity containing air to act as a spring for
equalizing the flow of a liquid in a pump or other hydraulic
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" cock`</hw> (&?;). <def>A faucet to allow escape of
air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air"-drawn"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drawn in air;
imaginary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the <i>air-drawn</i> dagger.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Air" drill`</hw> (&?;). <def>A drill driven by the elastic pressure
of condensed air; a pneumatic drill.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Air" engine`</hw> (&?;). <def>An engine driven by heated or by
compressed air.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Air"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who exposes to the air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A frame on which clothes are aired or
dried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" gas`</hw> (&?;). <def>See under <u>Gas</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" gun`</hw> (g&ubreve;n`). <def>A kind of gun in which the
elastic force of condensed air is used to discharge the ball. The air is
powerfully compressed into a reservoir attached to the gun, by a condensing
pump, and is controlled by a valve actuated by the trigger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" hole`</hw> (h&omacr;l`). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hole to
admit or discharge air; specifically, a spot in the ice not frozen
over.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A fault in a casting, produced
by a bubble of air; a blowhole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air"i*ly</hw> (&acirc;r"&ibreve;*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In an airy manner; lightly; gaily; jauntily; flippantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state or quality of being airy; openness or exposure to the air; as, the
<i>airiness</i> of a country seat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lightness of spirits; gayety; levity; as, the
<i>airiness</i> of young persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air"ing</hw> (&acirc;r"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A walk or a ride in the open air; a short excursion
for health's sake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An exposure to air, or to a fire, for warming,
drying, etc.; as, the <i>airing</i> of linen, or of a room.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" jack`et</hw> (&?;). <def>A jacket having air-tight cells, or
cavities which can be filled with air, to render persons buoyant in
swimming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not open to a free
current of air; wanting fresh air, or communication with the open
air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" lev`el</hw> (&?;). <def>Spirit level. See
<u>Level</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air"like`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air"ling</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thoughtless, gay
person.</def> [Obs.] "Slight <i>airlings</i>."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Air*om"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Air</i> + <i>-
meter</i>.] <def>A hollow cylinder to contain air. It is closed above and
open below, and has its open end plunged into water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" pipe`</hw> (&?;). <def>A pipe for the passage of air; esp. a
ventilating pipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" plant`</hw> (&?;).  <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant deriving its
sustenance from the air alone; an a&euml;rophyte.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The "Florida moss" (<i>Tillandsia</i>), many tropical orchids,
and most mosses and lichens are air plants. Those which are lodged upon
trees, but not parasitic on them, are <i>epiphytes</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Air" poise`</hw> (&?;).  [See <u>Poise</u>.] <def>An instrument to
measure the weight of air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" pump`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A
kind of pump for exhausting air from a vessel or closed space; also, a pump
to condense air or force it into a closed space.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engines)</i> <def>A pump used to exhaust
from a condenser the condensed steam, the water used for condensing, and
any commingled air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" sac`</hw> (&?;).  <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the spaces in
different parts of the bodies of birds, which are filled with air and
connected with the air passages of the lungs; an air cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" shaft`</hw> (&?;). <def>A passage, usually vertical, for
admitting fresh air into a mine or a tunnel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air"-slacked`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slacked, or
pulverized, by exposure to the air; as, <i>air-slacked</i> lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air" stove`</hw> (&?;). <def>A stove for heating a current of air
which is directed against its surface by means of pipes, and then
distributed through a building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air"-tight`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>So tight as to be
impermeable to air; as, an <i>air-tight</i> cylinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air"-tight`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stove the draft of
which can be almost entirely shut off.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Air" ves`sel</hw> (&?;). <def>A vessel, cell, duct, or tube
containing or conducting air; as the <i>air vessels</i> of insects, birds,
plants, etc.; the <i>air vessel</i> of a pump, engine, etc. For the latter,
see <u>Air chamber</u>. The <i>air vessels</i> of insects are called
<i>trache&aelig;</i>, of plants <i>spiral vessels</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Air"ward</hw> (&?;), <hw>Air"wards</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the air; upward.</def> [R.]
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Air"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of air; as, an <i>airy</i> substance; the <i>airy</i> parts
of bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating or belonging to air; high in air;
a&euml;rial; as, an <i>airy</i> flight.</def> "The <i>airy</i> region."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Open to a free current of air; exposed to the
air; breezy; as, an <i>airy</i> situation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Resembling air; thin; unsubstantial; not
material; airlike.</def> "An <i>airy</i> spirit."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the spirit or soul; delicate;
graceful; as, <i>airy</i> music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Without reality; having no solid foundation;
empty; trifling; visionary.</def> "<i>Airy</i> fame."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Empty sound, and <i>airy</i> notions.<BR>
<i>Roscommon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Light of heart; vivacious; sprightly; flippant;
superficial.</def> "Merry and <i>airy</i>."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Having an affected manner; being in the habit of
putting on airs; affectedly grand.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Having the light and a&euml;rial
tints true to nature.</def>  <i>Elmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aisle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>ele</i>, F.
<i>aile</i>, wing, wing of a building, L. <i>ala</i>, contr. fr.
<i>axilla</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A lateral division
of a building, separated from the middle part, called the nave, by a row of
columns or piers, which support the roof or an upper wall containing
windows, called the clearstory wall.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Improperly used also for the have; -- as in the phrases, a church with
three <i>aisles</i>, the middle <i>aisle</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Also (perhaps from confusion with <i>alley</i>), a passage into which
the pews of a church open.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aisled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with an aisle
or aisles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ais"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without an
aisle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ait</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. &?;, &?;, perh. dim. of
<i>&imacr;eg</i>, <i>&imacr;g</i>, island. See <u>Eyot</u>.] <def>An islet,
or little isle, in a river or lake; an eyot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ait</i> where the osiers grew.<BR>
<i>R. Hodges (1649).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Among green <i>aits</i> and meadows.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ait</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Oat.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aitch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The letter <i>h</i> or
<i>H.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Aitch"bone`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>nachebone</i>.
For loss of <i>n</i>, cf. <u>Adder</u>. See <u>Natch</u>.] <def>The bone of
the rump; also, the cut of beef surrounding this bone.</def> [Spelt also
<i>edgebone</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ai`ti*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>&AElig;tiology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*jar"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>on char</i> ajar,
on the turn; AS. <i>cerr</i>, <i>cyrr</i>, turn, akin to G. <i>kehren</i>
to turn, and to D. <i>akerre</i>. See <u>Char</u>.] <def>Slightly turned or
opened; as, the door was standing <i>ajar</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*jar"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>jar</i>.] <def>In a state of discord; out of harmony; as, he is
<i>ajar</i> with the world.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*jog"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>jog</i>.] <def>On the jog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aj"u*tage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ajutage</i>, for
<i>ajoutage</i>, fr. <i>ajouter</i> to add, LL. <i>adjuxtare</i>, fr. L.
<i>ad</i> + <i>juxta</i> near to, nigh. Cf. <u>Adjutage</u>,
<u>Adjustage</u>, <u>Adjust</u>.] <def>A tube through which water is
discharged; an efflux tube; as, the <i>ajutage</i> of a fountain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ake</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ache</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*kene"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Achene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ak"e*ton</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Acton</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*kim"bo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etymology unknown. Cf.
<u>Kimbo</u>.] <def>With a crook or bend; with the hand on the hip and
elbow turned outward.</def> "With one arm <i>akimbo</i>."
<i>Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*kin"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> (for
<i>of</i>) + <i>kin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the same kin; related
by blood; -- used of persons; as, the two families are near
<i>akin</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Allied by nature; partaking of the same
properties; of the same kind.</def> "A joy <i>akin</i> to rapture."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The literary character of the work is <i>akin</i> to its
moral character.<BR>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; This adjective is used only after the noun.</p>

<p><hw>||Ak`i*ne"si*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; quiescence;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; motion.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Paralysis of the
motor nerves; loss of movement.</def>  <i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ak`i*ne"sic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to akinesia.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*knee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>On the knee.</def>
[R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ak*now"</hw> (&?;). <def>Earlier form of <u>Acknow</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>To be aknow</b></col>, <cd>to acknowledge; to confess.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>All.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al-</hw>. <pos><i>A prefix.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> [AS.
<i>eal</i>.] <def>All; wholly; completely; as, <i>al</i>mighty,
<i>al</i>most.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> [L. <i>ad</i>.] <def>To; at; on;
-- in OF. shortened to <i>a-</i>. See <u>Ad-</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The Arabic definite article answering to the
English <i>the</i>; as, <i>Al</i>koran, <i>the</i> Koran or <i>the</i>
Book; <i>al</i>chemy, <i>the</i> chemistry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al</hw>. <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Although; if.</def> [Obs.] See
<u>All</u>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||A"la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Al&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L., a wing.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
winglike organ, or part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`a*ba"ma pe"ri*od</hw> (&?;). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A period in the
American eocene, the lowest in the tertiary age except the
lignitic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"a*bas"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alabaster</i>,
Gr. &?;, said to be derived fr. <i>Alabastron</i>, the name of a town in
Egypt, near which it was common: cf. OF. <i>alabastre</i>, F.
<i>alb&acirc;tre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A compact variety or sulphate of lime, or gypsum, of fine texture, and
usually white and translucent, but sometimes yellow, red, or gray. It is
carved into vases, mantel ornaments, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
hard, compact variety of carbonate of lime, somewhat translucent, or of
banded shades of color; stalagmite. The name is used in this sense by
Pliny. It is sometimes distinguished as <i>oriental
alabaster</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A box or vessel for holding odoriferous
ointments, etc.; -- so called from the stone of which it was originally
made.</def>  <i>Fosbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`a*bas"tri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Alabastrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`a*bas"trine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or like, alabaster; as <i>alabastrine</i> limbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`a*bas"trum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Alabastra</b></plw> (&?;). [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A flower
bud.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*lack"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Prob. from <i>ah!
lack!</i> OE. <i>lak</i> loss, failure, misfortune. See <u>Lack</u>.]
<def>An exclamation expressive of sorrow.</def> [Archaic. or Poet.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*lack"a*day`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [For <i>alack
the day</i>. Cf. Lackaday.] <def>An exclamation expressing
sorrow.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Shakespeare has "<i>alack</i> the day" and "<i>alack</i> the
heavy day." Compare "woe worth the day."</p>

<p><hw>A*lac"ri*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>alacer</i>,
<i>alacris</i>, lively + <i>-fly</i>.] <def>To rouse to action; to
inspirit.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lac"ri*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alacer</i>,
<i>alacris</i>.] <def>Brisk; joyously active; lively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T were well if we were a little more <i>alacrious</i>.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*lac"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With alacrity;
briskly.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lac"ri*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Alacrity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*lac"ri*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alacritas</i>,
fr. <i>alacer</i> lively, eager, prob. akin to Gr. &?; to drive, Goth.
<i>aljan</i> zeal.] <def>A cheerful readiness, willingness, or promptitude;
joyous activity; briskness; sprightliness; as, the soldiers advanced with
<i>alacrity</i> to meet the enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not that <i>alacrity</i> of spirit,<BR>
Nor cheer of mind that I was wont to have.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*lad"in*ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Aladin</i>,
for Ala Eddin, <i>i. e.</i>, height of religion, a learned divine under
Mohammed II. and Bajazet II.] <def>One of a sect of freethinkers among the
Mohammedans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`a*lon"ga</hw> (&?;), or <hw>Al`i*lon"ghi</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The tunny. See
<u>Albicore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`la*mi"re</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Compounded of <i>a la
mi re</i>, names of notes in the musical scale.] <def>The lowest note but
one in Guido Aretino's scale of music.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`a*mo*dal"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being <i>&agrave; la mode</i>; conformity to the mode or fashion;
fashionableness.</def> [R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"a*mode`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [F. <i>&agrave;
la mode</i> after the fashion.] <def>According to the fashion or prevailing
mode.</def> "<i>Alamode</i> beef shops."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"a*mode`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thin, black silk for
hoods, scarfs, etc.; -- often called simply <i>mode</i>.</def>
<i>Buchanan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`a*mort"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>&agrave; la
mort</i> to the death. Cf. <u>Amort</u>.] <def>To the death;
mortally.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lan"</hw> (&adot;*l&adot;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>alan</i>, <i>alant</i>; cf. Sp. <i>alano</i>.] <def>A wolfhound.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*land"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>land</i>.] <def>On land; to the land; ashore.</def> "Cast <i>aland</i>."
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"a*nine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Aldehyde</i> + the
ending <i>-ine</i>. The <i>-n-</i> is a euphonic insertion.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white crystalline base, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO<sub>2</sub>,
derived from aldehyde ammonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lan"tin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>alant</i>
elecampane, the <i>Inula helenium</i> of Linn&aelig;us.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Inulin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alarius</i>, fr.
<i>ala</i> wing: cf. F. <i>alaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining
to, or having, wings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Axillary; in the fork or
axil.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><! p. 36 !></p>

<p><hw>A*larm"</hw> (&adot;*l&auml;rm"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>alarme</i>, It. <i>all' arme</i> to arms ! fr. L. <i>arma</i>, pl.,
arms. See <u>Arms</u>, and cf. <u>Alarum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
summons to arms, as on the approach of an enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arming to answer in a night <i>alarm</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any sound or information intended to give notice
of approaching danger; a warning sound to arouse attention; a warning of
danger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sound an <i>alarm</i> in my holy mountain.<BR>
<i>Joel ii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sudden attack; disturbance; broil.</def> [R.]
"These home <i>alarms</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy palace fill with insults and <i>alarms</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sudden surprise with fear or terror excited by
apprehension of danger; in the military use, commonly, sudden apprehension
of being attacked by surprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Alarm</i> and resentment spread throughout the camp.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A mechanical contrivance for awaking persons
from sleep, or rousing their attention; an alarum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Alarm bell</b></col>, <cd>a bell that gives notice on
danger.</cd> -- <col><b>Alarm clock</b></col> or <col><b>watch</b></col>,
<cd>a clock or watch which can be so set as to ring or strike loudly at a
prearranged hour, to wake from sleep, or excite attention.</cd> --
<col><b>Alarm gauge</b></col>, <cd>a contrivance attached to a steam boiler
for showing when the pressure of steam is too high, or the water in the
boiler too low.</cd> -- <col><b>Alarm post</b></col>, <cd>a place to which
troops are to repair in case of an alarm.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fright; affright; terror; trepidation; apprehension;
consternation; dismay; agitation; disquiet; disquietude.  -- <u>Alarm</u>,
<u>Fright</u>, <u>Terror</u>, <u>Consternation</u>. These words express
different degrees of fear at the approach of danger. <i>Fright</i> is fear
suddenly excited, producing confusion of the senses, and hence it is
unreflecting. <i>Alarm</i> is the hurried agitation of feeling which
springs from a sense of immediate and extreme exposure. <i>Terror</i> is
agitating and excessive fear, which usually benumbs the faculties.
<i>Consternation</i> is overwhelming fear, and carries a notion of
powerlessness and amazement. <i>Alarm</i> agitates the feelings;
<i>terror</i> disorders the understanding and affects the will;
<i>fright</i> seizes on and confuses the sense; <i>consternation</i> takes
possession of the soul, and subdues its faculties. See
<u>Apprehension</u>.</p>

<p><hw>A*larm"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Alarmed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Alarming</u>.] [<i>Alarm</i>, n. Cf. F. <i>alarmer</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To call to arms for defense; to give notice to (any
one) of approaching danger; to rouse to vigilance and action; to put on the
alert.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep in excitement; to disturb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To surprise with apprehension of danger; to fill
with anxiety in regard to threatening evil; to excite with sudden
fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Alarmed</i> by rumors of military preparation.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*larm"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily alarmed or
disturbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*larmed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Aroused to
vigilance; excited by fear of approaching danger; agitated; disturbed; as,
an <i>alarmed</i> neighborhood; an <i>alarmed</i> modesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The white pavilions rose and fell<BR>
On the <i>alarmed</i> air.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*larm"ed*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an alarmed
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*larm"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exciting, or calculated
to excite, alarm; causing apprehension of danger; as, an <i>alarming</i>
crisis or report. -- A*larm"ing*ly, <i>adv</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*larm"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>alarmiste</i>.]
<def>One prone to sound or excite alarms, especially, needless
alarms.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*lar"um</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>alarom</i>, the
same word as <i>alarm</i>, n.] <def>See <u>Alarm</u>.</def> [Now
Poetic]</p>

<p>&fist; The variant form <i>alarum</i> is now commonly restricted to an
alarm signal or the mechanism to sound an alarm (as in an alarm clock.)</p>

<p><hw>Al"a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alarius</i>, fr.
<i>ala</i> wing.] <def>Of or pertaining to wings; also, wing-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>alary</i> system of insects.<BR>
<i>Wollaston.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*las"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>alas</i>,
<i>allas</i>, OF. <i>alas</i>, F. <i>h&eacute;las</i>; <i>a</i> interj. (L.
<i>ah</i>.) + <i>las</i> wretched (that I am), L. <i>lassus</i> weary, akin
to E. <i>late</i>. See <u>Late</u>.] <def>An exclamation expressive of
sorrow, pity, or apprehension of evil; -- in old writers, sometimes
followed by <i>day</i> or <i>white</i>; <i>alas the day</i>, like <i>alack
a day</i>, or <i>alas the white</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*late"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>late</i>.] <def>Lately; of late.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>There hath been <i>alate</i> such tales spread abroad.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>A"late</hw> (&?;), <hw>A"la*ted</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>alatus</i>, from <i>ala</i> wing.] <def>Winged; having wings, or
side appendages like wings.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al"a*tern</hw> (&?;), <hw>||Al`a*ter"nus</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ala</i> wing + <i>terni</i> three each.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An ornamental evergreen shrub (<i>Rhamnus alaternus</i>)
belonging to the buckthorns.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>alatus</i>
winged.] <def>The state of being winged.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*launt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Alan</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Alb</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>albe</i>, LL.
<i>alba</i>, fr. L. <i>albus</i> white. Cf. <u>Album</u> and <u>Aube</u>.]
<def>A vestment of white linen, reaching to the feet, an enveloping the
person; -- in the Roman Catholic church, worn by those in holy orders when
officiating at mass. It was formerly worn, at least by clerics, in daily
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ba*core</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Albicore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ban</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>albus</i> white.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline resinous substance extracted from
gutta-percha by the action of alcohol or ether.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*ba"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Albania, a province of Turkey.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native of Albania.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*ba"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>albatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>albare</i> to make white, fr. <i>albus</i> white.] <def>A white
metallic alloy; which is made into spoons, forks, teapots, etc.   British
plate or German silver. See <i>German silver</i>, under
<u>German</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ba*tross</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupt. fr. Pg.
<i>alcatraz</i> cormorant, albatross, or Sp. <i>alcatraz</i> a pelican: cf.
Pg. <i>alcatruz</i>, Sp. <i>arcaduz</i>, a bucket, fr. Ar. <i>al-
q&amacr;dus</i> the bucket, fr. Gr. <grk>ka`dos</grk>, a water vessel. So
an Arabic term for <i>pelican</i> is <i>water-carrier</i>, as a bird
carrying water in its pouch.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A web-footed bird,
of the genus <i>Diomedea</i>, of which there are several species. They are
the largest of sea birds, capable of long-continued flight, and are often
seen at great distances from the land. They are found chiefly in the
southern hemisphere.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`be"</hw>, <hw>Al`bee"</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos>
[See <u>Albeit</u>.] <def>Although; albeit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Albe</i> Clarissa were their chiefest founderess.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Al*be"do</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>albus</i>
white.] <def>Whiteness. Specifically: <i>(Astron.)</i> The ratio which the
light reflected from an unpolished surface bears to the total light falling
upon that surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`be"it</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>al be</i>
although it be, where <i>al</i> is our <i>all</i>. Cf. <u>Although</u>.]
<def>Even though; although; notwithstanding.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Albeit</i> so masked, Madam, I love the truth.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"bert*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
bituminous mineral resembling asphaltum, found in the county of A. &?;bert,
New Brunswick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ber*type</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the name of the
inventor, <i>Albert</i>, of Munich.] <def>A picture printed from a kind of
gelatine plate produced by means of a photographic negative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bes"cence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
becoming white; whitishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bes"cent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>albescens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>albescere</i> to grow white, fr. <i>albus</i> white.]
<def>Becoming white or whitish; moderately white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"bi*cant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>albicans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>albicare</i>, <i>albicatum</i>, to be white, fr. <i>albus</i>
white.] <def>Growing or becoming white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`bi*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of
becoming white, or developing white patches, or streaks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"bi*core</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>albicore</i> (cf.
Sp. <i>albacora</i>, Pg. <i>albacor</i>, <i>albacora</i>, <i>albecora</i>),
fr. Ar. <i>bakr</i>, <i>bekr</i>, a young camel, young cow, heifer, and the
article <i>al</i>: cf. Pg. <i>bacoro</i> a little pig.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A name applied to several large fishes of the Mackerel family, esp.
<i>Orcynus alalonga</i>. One species (<i>Orcynus thynnus</i>), common in
the Mediterranean and Atlantic, is called in New England the <i>horse
mackerel</i>; the tunny.</def> [Written also <i>albacore</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Al`bi*fi*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>albification</i>: L. <i>albus</i> white + <i>ficare</i> (only in comp.),
<i>facere</i>, to make.] <def>The act or process of making white.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`bi*gen"ses</hw> (&?;), <hw>||Al`bi`geois"</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [From <i>Albi</i> and <i>Albigeois</i>, a town and
its district in the south of France, in which the sect abounded.] <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A sect of reformers opposed to the church of Rome in the
12th centuries.</def></p>

<p>The Albigenses were a branch of the <i>Catharists</i> (the pure). They
were exterminated by crusades and the Inquisition. They were distinct from
the Waldenses.</p>

<p><hw>Al`bi*gen"sian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Albigenses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bi"ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
albino.</def>  <i>Holmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"bi*nism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
condition of being an albino: abinoism; leucopathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`bi*nis"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
albinism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bi"no</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Albinos</b></plw> (&?;). [Sp. or Pg. <i>albino</i>, orig. whitish,
fr. <i>albo</i> white, L. <i>albus</i>.] <def>A person, whether negro,
Indian, or white, in whom by some defect of organization the substance
which gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes is deficient or in a morbid
state. An albino has a skin of a milky hue, with hair of the same color,
and eyes with deep red pupil and pink or blue iris. The term is also used
of the lower animals, as white mice, elephants, etc.; and of plants in a
whitish condition from the absence of chlorophyll.</def>  <i>Amer.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term was originally applied by the Portuguese to negroes met
with on the coast of Africa, who were mottled with white spots.</p>

<p><hw>Al*bi"no*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
condition of being an albino; albinism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`bi*not"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
albinism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"bi*on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from the same root
as Gael. <i>alp</i> a height or hill. "It may have been bestowed on the
land lying behind the white cliffs visible from the coast of Gaul.
<i>Albany</i>, the old name of Scotland, means probably the "hilly land."
<i>I. Taylor.</i>] <def>An ancient name of England, still retained in
poetry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In that nook-shotten isle of <i>Albion</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"bite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>albus</i> white.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of the feldspar family, triclinic in
crystallization, and in composition a silicate of alumina and soda. It is a
common constituent of granite and of various igneous rocks. See
<u>Feldspar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"bo*lith</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>albus</i> white +
<i>-lith</i>.] <def>A kind of plastic cement, or artificial stone,
consisting chiefly of magnesia and silica; -- called also
<i>albolite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al"bo*rak</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>al-
bur&amacr;q</i>, fr. <i>baraqa</i> to flash, shine.] <def>The imaginary
milk-white animal on which Mohammed was said to have been carried up to
heaven; a white mule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`bu*gin"e*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Albugo</u>.] <def>Of the nature of, or resembling, the white of the eye,
or of an egg; albuminous; -- a term applied to textures, humors, etc.,
which are perfectly white.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*bu"go</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Albugines</b></plw> (&?;). [L., whiteness, fr. <i>albus</i> white.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Leucoma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"bum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., neut. of <i>albus</i>
white: cf. F. <i>album</i>. Cf. <u>Alb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A white tablet on which anything was inscribed, as a list
of names, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A register for visitors' names; a visitors'
book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A blank book, in which to insert autographs
sketches, memorial writing of friends, photographs, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bu"men</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>albus</i>
white.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The white of an egg.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Nourishing matter stored up within
the integuments of the seed in many plants, but not incorporated in the
embryo. It is the floury part in corn, wheat, and like grains, the oily
part in poppy seeds, the fleshy part in the cocoanut, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Albumin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bu"men*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Albumenized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Albumenizing</u>.] <def>To cover or saturate with albumen; to coat or
treat with an albuminous solution; as, to <i>albumenize</i>
paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al"bum Gr&aelig;"cum</hw> (&?;). [L., Greek white.] <def>Dung of
dogs or hyenas, which becomes white by exposure to air. It is used in
dressing leather, and was formerly used in medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bu"min</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
thick, viscous nitrogenous substance, which is the chief and characteristic
constituent of white of eggs and of the serum of blood, and is found in
other animal substances, both fluid and solid, also in many plants. It is
soluble in water and is coagulated by heat and by certain chemical
reagents.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Acid albumin</b></col>, <cd>a modification of albumin produced
by the action of dilute acids. It is not coagulated by heat.</cd> --
<col><b>Alkali albumin</b></col>, <cd>albumin as modified by the action of
alkaline substances; -- called also <i>albuminate</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al*bu"mi*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
substance produced by the action of an alkali upon albumin, and resembling
casein in its properties; also, a compound formed by the union of albumin
with another substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bu`mi*nif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>albumen</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Supplying albumen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bu`mi*nim"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>albumen</i>, <i>albuminis</i> + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F.
<i>albuminim&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument for ascertaining the
quantity of albumen in a liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bu"mi*nin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The substance of the cells which inclose the white of birds'
eggs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bu`mi*nip"a*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>albumen</i> + <i>parere</i> to bear, bring forth.] <def>Producing
albumin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bu"mi*noid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>albumen</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Resembling albumin.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a class of organic principles (called also
<i>proteids</i>) which form the main part of organized tissues.</def>
<i>Brunton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*bu`mi*noid"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of the nature of an albuminoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bu"mi*nose`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A diffusible substance formed from albumin by the action of natural or
artificial gastric juice. See <u>Peptone</u>.</def></p>

<p>
{ <hw>Al*bu"mi*nous</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al*bu"mi*nose`</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>albumineux</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or
containing, albumen; having the properties of, or resembling, albumen or
albumin.</def>  -- <wf>Al*bu"mi*nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Al*bu`mi*nu"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>albumen</i> + Gr. &?; urine.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition in
which albumin is present in the urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"bu*mose`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>albumin</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound or class of compounds formed from albumin by
dilute acids or by an acid solution of pepsin. Used also in combination, as
anti<i>albumose</i>, hemi<i>albumose</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"burn</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alburnus</i>, fr. L.
<i>albus</i> white. Cf. <i>Auburn</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bleak,
a small European fish having scales of a peculiarly silvery color which are
used in making artificial pearls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bur"nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to alburnum; of the alburnum; as, <i>alburnous</i> substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*bur"num</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>albus</i>
white.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The white and softer part of wood, between the
inner bark and the hard wood or duramen; sapwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"byn</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Albion</u>.]
<def>Scotland; esp. the Highlands of Scotland.</def>  <i>T.
Cambell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*cade"</hw> (&abreve;k*k&amacr;d"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Alcaid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ca*hest</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Alkahest</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*ca"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Alca&iuml;cus</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to Alc&aelig;us, a lyric poet of Mitylene, about
6000 <u>b. c.</u></def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of verse, so
called from Alc&aelig;us. One variety consists of five feet, a spondee or
iambic, an iambic, a long syllable, and two dactyls.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*caid"</hw>, <hw>Al*cayde"</hw> (&abreve;k*k&amacr;d";
<i>Sp.</i> &auml;l*k&auml;*&esl;"d&asl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>alcaide</i>, fr. Ar. <i>al-q&amacr;&imacr;d</i> governor, fr.
<i>q&amacr;da</i> to lead, govern.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A commander of
a castle or fortress among the Spaniards, Portuguese, and Moors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The warden, or keeper of a jail.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*cal"de</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>alcalde</i>,
fr. Ar. <i>al-q&amacr;d&imacr;</i> judge, fr. <i>qada</i> to decide, judge.
Hence, the <i>cadi</i> of the Turks. Cf. <u>Cadi</u>.] <def>A magistrate or
judge in Spain and in Spanish America, etc.</def>  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Sometimes confounded with <u>Alcaid</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Al`ca*lim"e*ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Alkalimeter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*can"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>alcana</i>,
<i>alhe&?;a</i>, fr. Ar. <i>al-hinn&amacr;</i>. See <u>Henna</u>, and cf.
<u>Alkanet</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An oriental shrub (<i>Lawsonia
inermis</i>) from which henna is obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`car*ra"za</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Alcarrazas</b></plw>. (&?;) [Sp., from Ar. <i>al-kurr&amacr;z</i>
earthen vessel.] <def>A vessel of porous earthenware, used for cooling
liquids by evaporation from the exterior surface.</def></p>

<p><! p. 37 !></p>

<p><hw>||Al*cayde"</hw> (&abreve;l*k&amacr;d"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Alcaid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*ca"zar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [ fr. Ar. <i>al</i> the
+ <i>qacr</i> (in pl.) a castle.] <def>A fortress; also, a royal
palace.</def>  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Al*ce"do</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., equiv. to Gr. &?;.
See <u>Halcyon</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of perching birds,
including the European kingfisher (<i>Alcedo ispida</i>). See
<u>Halcyon</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al*chem"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al*chem"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>alchimique</i>.] <def>Of or relating to
alchemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*chem"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of
alchemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"che*mist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>alquemiste</i>, F. <i>alchimiste</i>.] <def>One who practices
alchemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are <i>alchemist</i>; make gold.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`che*mis"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`che*mis"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to or practicing alchemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Metaphysical and <i>alchemistical</i> legislators.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"che*mis*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Alchemy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al"che*mize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To change by
alchemy; to transmute.</def>  <i>Lovelace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"che*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>alkemie</i>,
<i>arquemie</i>, F. <i>alchimie</i>, Ar. <i>al-k&imacr;m&imacr;a</i>, fr.
late Gr. &?;, for &?;, a mingling, infusion, &?; juice, liquid, especially
as extracted from plants, fr. &?; to pour; for chemistry was originally the
art of extracting the juices from plants for medicinal purposes. Cf. Sp.
<i>alquimia</i>, It.  <i>alchimia</i>. Gr. &?; is prob. akin to L.
<i>fundere</i> to pour, Goth. <i>guitan</i>, AS. <i>ge&oacute;tan</i>, to
pour, and so to E. <i>fuse</i>. See <u>Fuse</u>, and cf. <u>Chemistry</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An imaginary art which aimed to transmute the baser
metals into gold, to find the panacea, or universal remedy for diseases,
etc. It led the way to modern chemistry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mixed metal composed mainly of brass, formerly
used for various utensils; hence, a trumpet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Put to their mouths the sounding <i>alchemy</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Miraculous power of transmuting something common
into something precious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kissing with golden face the meadows green,<BR>
Gilding pale streams with heavenly <i>alchemy</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al*chym"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Al"chy*mist</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Al`chy*mis"tic</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Al"chy*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Alchemic</u>, <u>Alchemist</u>, <u>Alchemistic</u>,
<u>Alchemy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al"co</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small South American
dog, domesticated by the aborigines.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al"co*ate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al"co*hate</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Shortened forms of <u>Alcoholate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"co*hol</hw> (&abreve;l"k&osl;*h&obreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>alcool</i>, formerly written <i>alcohol</i>, Sp. <i>alcohol</i>
alcohol, antimony, galena, OSp. <i>alcofol</i>; all fr. Ar. <i>al-kohl</i>
a powder of antimony or galena, to paint the eyebrows with. The name was
afterwards applied, on account of the fineness of this powder, to highly
rectified spirits, a signification unknown in Arabia. The Sp. word has both
meanings. Cf. <u>Alquifou</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An impalpable
powder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by
distillation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified
spirit (called also <i>ethyl alcohol</i>); the spirituous or intoxicating
element of fermented or distilled liquors, or more loosely a liquid
containing it in considerable quantity. It is extracted by simple
distillation from various vegetable juices and infusions of a saccharine
nature, which have undergone vinous fermentation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; As used in the U. S. "Pharmacop&oelig;ia," <i>alcohol</i>
contains 91 per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and 9 per cent of water;
and <i>diluted alcohol</i> (proof spirit) contains 45.5 per cent by weight
of ethyl alcohol and 54.5 per cent of water.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Organic Chem.)</i> <def>A class of compounds
analogous to vinic alcohol in constitution. Chemically speaking, they are
hydroxides of certain organic radicals; as, the radical ethyl forms common
or <i>ethyl alcohol</i> (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.OH); methyl forms
<i>methyl alcohol</i> (CH<sub>3</sub>.OH) or <i>wood spirit</i>; amyl forms
<i>amyl alcohol</i> (C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>11</sub>.OH) or <i>fusel oil</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"co*hol*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alcolaie</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystallizable compound of a salt
with alcohol, in which the latter plays a part analogous to that of water
of crystallization.</def>  <i>Graham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`co*hol"a*ture</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alcoolature</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An alcoholic tincture prepared with
fresh plants.</def>  <i>New Eng. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`co*hol"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alcolique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to alcohol, or partaking of its
qualities; derived from, or caused by, alcohol; containing alcohol; as,
<i>alcoholic</i> mixtures; <i>alcoholic</i> gastritis; <i>alcoholic</i>
odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`co*hol"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
person given to the use of alcoholic liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Alcoholic liquors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"co*hol*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alcoolisme</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A diseased condition of the system,
brought about by the continued use of alcoholic liquors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`co*hol`i*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alcoolisation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of reducing a
substance to a fine or impalpable powder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act rectifying spirit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Saturation with alcohol; putting the animal
system under the influence of alcoholic liquor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"co*hol*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Alcoholized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Alcoholizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>alcooliser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To reduce to a fine powder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To convert into alcohol; to rectify; also, to
saturate with alcohol.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`co*hol*om"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`co*hol"me*ter</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Alcohol</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An instrument for determining the strength of spirits, with a scale
graduated so as to indicate the percentage of pure alcohol, either by
weight or volume. It is usually a form of hydrometer with a special
scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`co*hol`o*met"ric</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`co*hol`o*met"ric*al</hw>
(&?;), <hw>Al`co*hol*met"ric*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to the alcoholometer or alcoholometry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>alcoholometrical</i> strength of spirituous
liquors.<BR>
<i>Ure.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al`co*hol"om"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process
or method of ascertaining the proportion of pure alcohol which spirituous
liquors contain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`co*hom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Al`co*ho*met"ric</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Alcoholometer</u>, <u>Alcoholometric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`co*&ouml;m"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Alcoholometry</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The chemists say <i>alcom&egrave;tre</i>,
<i>alcoom&egrave;trie</i>, doubtless by the suppression of a syllable in
order to avoid a disagreeable sequence of sounds. (Cf. <u>Idolatry</u>.)
<i>Littr&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"co*ran</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>alcoran</i>, fr.
Ar. <i>al-qor&amacr;n</i>, orig. the reading, the book, fr. <i>qaraa</i> to
read. Cf. <u>Koran</u>.] <def>The Mohammedan Scriptures; the Koran (now the
usual form).</def> [Spelt also <u>Alkoran</u>.]</p>

<p><hw>Al`co*ran"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Koran.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`co*ran"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who adheres to the
letter of the Koran, rejecting all traditions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"cove</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>alc&ocirc;ve</i>,
Sp. or Pg. <i>alcoba</i>, from Ar. <i>al-quobbah</i> arch, vault, tent.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A recessed portion of a room, or a
small room opening into a larger one; especially, a recess to contain a
bed; a lateral recess in a library.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small ornamental building with seats, or an
arched seat, in a pleasure ground; a garden bower.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any natural recess analogous to an alcove or
recess in an apartment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The youthful wanderers found a wild <i>alcove</i>.<BR>
<i>Falconer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"cy*on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Halcyon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`cy*o*na"ce*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of soft-bodied Alcyonaria, of which
<i>Alcyonium</i> is the type. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Alcyonaria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`cy*o*na"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the orders of Anthozoa. It includes the
Alcyonacea, Pennatulacea, and Gorgonacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*cy"o*nes</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., pl. of
<u>Alcyon</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The kingfishers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`cy*on"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Alcyonaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`cy*o"ni*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
zo&ouml;phyte, so called from being like the halcyon's nest.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fleshy Alcyonaria, its polyps somewhat
resembling flowers with eight fringed rays. The term was also formerly used
for certain species of sponges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"cy*o*noid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
Alcyonaria.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A zo&ouml;phyte of the
order Alcyonaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"day</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Continually.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*deb"a*ran</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>al-
debar&amacr;n</i>, fr. <i>dabar</i> to follow; so called because this star
follows upon the Pleiades.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A red star of the first
magnitude, situated in the eye of Taurus; the Bull's Eye. It is the bright
star in the group called the Hyades.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now when <i>Aldebaran</i> was mounted high<BR>
Above the shiny Cassiopeia's chair.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"de*hyde</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>al</i>cohol <i>dehyd</i>rogenatum, alcohol deprived of its hydrogen.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, mobile, and very volatile liquid obtained
from alcohol by certain processes of oxidation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>aldehydes</i> are intermediate between the alcohols and
acids, and differ from the alcohols in having two less hydrogen atoms in
the molecule, as common <i>aldehyde</i> (called also <i>acetic aldehyde</i>
or <i>ethyl aldehyde</i>), C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O; methyl
<i>aldehyde</i>, CH<sub>2</sub>O.</p>

<p><col><b>Aldehyde ammonia</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a compound formed
by the union of aldehyde with ammonia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al`de*hy"dic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to aldehyde; as, <i>aldehydic</i> acid.</def>
<i>Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"der</hw> (&add;l"d&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>aldir</i>, <i>aller</i>, fr. AS. <i>alr</i>, <i>aler</i>, <i>alor</i>,
akin to D. <i>els</i>, G. <i>erle</i>, Icel. <i>erlir</i>, <i>erli</i>,
Swed. <i>al</i>, Dan. <i>elle</i>, <i>el</i>, L. <i>alnus</i>, and E.
<i>elm</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree, usually growing in moist land, and
belonging to the genus <i>Alnus</i>. The wood is used by turners, etc.; the
bark by dyers and tanners. In the U. S. the species of alder are usually
shrubs or small trees.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black alder</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A European shrub
(<i>Rhamnus frangula</i>); Alder buckthorn.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An
American species of holly (<i>Ilex verticillata</i>), bearing red
berries.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al"der</hw> (&add;l"d&etilde;r), <hw>Al"ler</hw>
(&add;l"l&etilde;r), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>ealra</i>,
<i>alra</i>, gen. pl. of AS. <i>eal</i>. The <i>d</i> is excrescent.]
<def>Of all; -- used in composition; as, <i>alder</i>best, best of all,
<i>alder</i>wisest, wisest of all.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`der-lief"est</hw> (&add;l`d&etilde;r*l&emacr;f"&ebreve;st),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>allerliefest</i> dearest of all. See
<u>Lief</u>.] <def>Most beloved.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"der*man</hw> (&add;l"d&etilde;r*m<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Aldermen</b></plw> (&?;). [AS.
<i>aldormon</i>, <i>ealdorman</i>; <i>ealdor</i> an elder + <i>man</i>. See
<u>Elder</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A senior or
superior; a person of rank or dignity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; The title was applied, among the Anglo-Saxons, to princes, dukes,
earls, senators, and presiding magistrates; also to archbishops and
bishops, implying superior wisdom or authority. Thus Ethelstan, duke of the
East-Anglians, was called <i>Alderman</i> of all England; and there were
<i>aldermen</i> of cities, counties, and castles, who had jurisdiction
within their respective districts.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of a board or body of municipal officers
next in order to the mayor and having a legislative function. They may, in
some cases, individually exercise some magisterial and administrative
functions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"der*man*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of an
alderman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"der*man"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to,
becoming to, or like, an alderman; characteristic of an alderman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`der*man"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Aldermen collectively; the body of aldermen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being an alderman.</def>
[Jocular]</p>

<p><hw>Al`der*man*like`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like or
suited to an alderman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"der*man*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
like, an alderman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"der*man*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
like, an alderman.</def> "An <i>aldermanly</i> discretion."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"der*man*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The district or ward of an alderman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The office or rank of an alderman.</def> [R.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"der*man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition,
position, or office of an alderman.</def>  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"dern</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of
alder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"der*ney</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a breed of
cattle raised in Alderney, one of the Channel Islands. Alderneys are of a
dun or tawny color and are often called <i>Jersey cattle</i>. See
<u>Jersey</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"dine</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bibliog.)</i>
<def>An epithet applied to editions (chiefly of the classics) which
proceeded from the press of <i>Aldus</i> Manitius, and his family, of
Venice, for the most part in the 16th century and known by the sign of the
anchor and the dolphin. The term has also been applied to certain elegant
editions of English works.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ale</hw> (&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ealu</i>, akin to
Icel., Sw., and Dan. <i>&ouml;l</i>, Lith. <i>alus</i> a kind of beer,
OSlav. <i>ol&ubreve;</i> beer. Cf. Ir. <i>ol</i> drink, drinking.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An intoxicating liquor made from an infusion of
malt by fermentation and the addition of a bitter, usually hops.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>ale</i>, in England and the United States, usually
designates a heavier kind of fermented liquor, and the word <i>beer</i> a
lighter kind. The word <i>beer</i> is also in common use as the generic
name for all malt liquors.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A festival in English country places, so called
from the liquor drunk.</def>   "At wakes and <i>ales</i>." <i>B.
Jonson.</i>"On ember eves and holy <i>ales</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*leak"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>leak</i>.] <def>In a leaking condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"le*a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aleatorius</i>,
fr. <i>alea</i> chance, die.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Depending on some uncertain
contingency; as, an <i>aleatory</i> contract.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ale"bench`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bench in or
before an alehouse.</def>  <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ale"ber`ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>alebery</i>,
<i>alebrey</i>; <i>ale</i> + <i>bre</i> broth, fr. AS. <i>br&imacr;w</i>
pottage.] <def>A beverage, formerly made by boiling ale with spice, sugar,
and sops of bread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>aleberries</i>, caudles, possets.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*lec"i*thal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; yelk.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Applied to those ova which segment
uniformly, and which have little or no food yelk embedded in their
protoplasm.</def>  <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ale"con`ner</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>/Ale</i> +
<i>con</i>, OE. <i>cunnen</i> to test, AS. <i>cunnian</i> to test. See
<u>Con</u>.] <def>Orig., an officer appointed to look to the goodness of
ale and beer; also, one of the officers chosen by the liverymen of London
to inspect the measures used in public houses. But the office is a
sinecure. [Also called <i>aletaster</i>.]</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ale"cost`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ale</i> + L.
<i>costus</i> an aromatic plant: cf. <u>Costmary</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The plant costmary, which was formerly much used for flavoring
ale.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`ec*tor"i*des</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a cock.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of birds including the common
fowl and the pheasants.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lec`to*rom"a*chy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; cock +
&?; fight.] <def>Cockfighting.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lec"to*ro*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Alectryomancy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lec`try*om'a*chy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; cock +
&?; fight.] <def>Cockfighting.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lec"try*o*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; cock +
<i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by means of a cock and grains of corn
placed on the letters of the alphabet, the letters being put together in
the order in which the grains were eaten.</def>  <i>Amer. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*lee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>lee</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>On or toward the lee, or the side away
from the wind; the opposite of <i>aweather</i>. The helm of a ship is
<i>alee</i> when pressed close to the lee side.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hard alee</b></col>, or <col><b>Luff alee</b></col>, <cd>an
order to put the helm to the lee side.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al"e*gar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ale</i> + <i>eager</i>
sour, F. <i>aigre</i>. Cf. <u>Vinegar</u>.] <def>Sour ale; vinegar made of
ale.</def>  <i>Cecil.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"e*ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>all&egrave;gre</i>,
earlier <i>al&egrave;gre</i>, fr. L. <i>alacer</i>.] <def>Gay; cheerful;
sprightly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*legge"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aleggen</i>,
<i>alegen</i>, OF. <i>alegier</i>, F. <i>all&eacute;ger</i>, fr. LL.
<i>alleviare</i>, for L. <i>allevare</i> to lighten; <i>ad</i> +
<i>levis</i> light. Cf. <u>Alleviate</u>, <u>Allay</u>, <u>Allege</u>.]
<def>To allay or alleviate; to lighten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That shall <i>alegge</i> this bitter blast.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ale"hoof`</hw> (&amacr;l"h&oomac;f`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&omacr;fe</i> ground ivy; the first part is perh. a corruption: cf. OE.
<i>heyhowe</i> hedgehove, ground ivy, "in old MSS. <i>heyhowe</i>,
<i>heyoue</i>, <i>haihoue</i>, <i>halehoue</i>." <i>Prior</i>.] <def>Ground
ivy (<i>Nepeta Glechoma</i>).</def></p>

<p><! p. 38 !></p>

<p><hw>Ale"house`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house where ale
is retailed; hence, a tippling house.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ale"-knight`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pot
companion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al`e*man"nic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to the
Alemanni, a confederacy of warlike German tribes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`e*man"nic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of the
Alemanni.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Swabian dialect . . . is known as the
<i>Alemannic</i>.<BR>
<i>Amer. Cyc.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*lem"bic</hw> (&adot;*l&ebreve;m"b&ibreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>alambic</i> (cf. Sp. <i>alambique</i>), Ar. <i>al-anb&imacr;q</i>,
fr. Gr. <grk>'a`mbix</grk> cup, cap of a still. The cap or head was the
<i>alembic</i> proper. Cf. <u>Limbec</u>.] <def>An apparatus formerly used
in distillation, usually made of glass or metal. It has mostly given place
to the <i>retort</i> and <i>worm still</i>.</def><BR>
   Used also metaphorically.<BR>
<BR>
<blockquote>The <i>alembic</i> of a great poet's imagination.<BR>
<i>Brimley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*lem"broth</hw> (-br&obreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Origin
uncertain.] <def>The <i>salt of wisdom</i> of the alchemists, a double salt
composed of the chlorides of ammonium and mercury. It was formerly used as
a stimulant.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>A`len`&ccedil;on" lace"</hw> (&?;). <def>See under
<u>Lace</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*length"</hw> (&adot;*l&ebreve;ngth"), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>length</i>.] <def>At full length; lengthwise.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*lep"i*dote</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. +
&?;, &?;, a scale.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Not having scales.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fish without scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ale"pole`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pole set up as the
sign of an alehouse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*lert"</hw> (&adot;*l&etilde;rt"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>alerte</i>, earlier <i>&agrave; l'erte</i> on the watch, fr. It. <i>all'
erta</i> on the watch, prop. (standing) on a height, where one can look
around; <i>erta</i> a declivity, steep, <i>erto</i> steep, p. p. of
<i>ergere</i>, <i>erigere</i>, to erect, raise, L. <i>erigere</i>. See
<u>Erect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Watchful; vigilant; active in
vigilance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Brisk; nimble; moving with celerity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>alert</i> young fellow.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Active; agile; lively; quick; prompt.</p>

<p><hw>A*lert"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An alarm from
a real or threatened attack; a sudden attack; also, a bugle sound to give
warning.</def> "We have had an <i>alert</i>."  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On the alert</b></col>, <cd>on the lookout or watch against
attack or danger; ready to act.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*lert"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an alert manner;
nimbly.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lert"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
alert or on the alert; briskness; nimbleness; activity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ale" sil`ver</hw> (&?;). <def>A duty payable to the lord mayor of
London by the sellers of ale within the city.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ale"stake</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stake or pole
projecting from, or set up before, an alehouse, as a sign; an alepole. At
the end was commonly suspended a garland, a bunch of leaves, or a
"bush."</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ale"tast`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Aleconner</u>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>A*le`thi*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; truth +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats of the nature of truth and
evidence.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*leth"o*scope</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; true + &?;
to view.] <def>An instrument for viewing pictures by means of a lens, so as
to present them in their natural proportions and relations.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*leu"ro*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wheaten
flour + <i>-mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>aleuromancie</i>.] <def>Divination by
means of flour.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`eu*rom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; flour +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for determining the expansive
properties, or quality, of gluten in flour.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*leu"rone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; flour.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An albuminoid substance which occurs in minute grains
("protein granules") in maturing seeds and tubers; -- supposed to be a
modification of protoplasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`eu*ron"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the nature of aleurone.</def>  <i>D. C. Eaton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*leu"tian</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*leu"tic</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Said to be from the Russ. <i>aleut</i> a bold rock.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a chain of islands between Alaska and Kamtchatka;
also, designating these islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"e*vin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>alevin</i>, OF.
<i>alever</i> to rear, fr. L. <i>ad</i> + <i>levare</i> to raise.]
<def>Young fish; fry.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lew"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Halloo.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ale"wife`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Alewives</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman who keeps an alehouse.</def>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ale"wife`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Alewives</b></plw>. [This word is properly <i>aloof</i>, the Indian
name of a fish. See Winthrop on the culture of maize in America, "Phil
Trans." No. 142, p. 1065, and Baddam's "Memoirs," vol. ii. p. 131.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A North American fish (<i>Clupea vernalis</i>) of
the Herring family. It is called also <i>ellwife</i>, <i>ellwhop</i>,
<i>branch herring</i>. The name is locally applied to other related
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ex*an"ders</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`i*san"ders</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>alisaundre</i>, OF. <i>alissandere</i>, fr.
<i>Alexander</i> or <i>Alexandria</i>.] <i>(Bot)</i> <def>A name given to
two species of the genus <i>Smyrnium</i>, formerly cultivated and used as
celery now is; -- called also <i>horse parsely</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ex*an"dri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to Alexandria in Egypt; as, the <i>Alexandrian</i>
library.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Applied to a kind of heroic verse. See
<u>Alexandrine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ex*an"drine</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to
Alexandria; Alexandrian.</def>  <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`ex*an"drine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>alexandrin</i>.] <def>A kind of verse consisting in English of twelve
syllables.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The needless <i>Alexandrine</i> ends the song,<BR>
That, like a wounded snake, drags its slow length along.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*lex`i*phar"mac</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*lex`i*phar"ma*cal</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [See <u>Alexipharmic</u>.]
<def>Alexipharmic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>A*lex`i*phar"mic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*lex`i*phar"mic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; keeping off poison; &?; to keep off + &?;
drug, poison: cf. F. <i>alexipharmaque</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Expelling
or counteracting poison; antidotal.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lex`i*phar"mic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An antidote against poison or infection; a counterpoison.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lex`i*py*ret"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?;
burning heat, fever, &?; fire.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Serving to drive off
fever; antifebrile.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
febrifuge.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*lex`i*ter"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*lex`i*ter"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fit to keep off or help, fr. &?; one who
keeps off, helper; &?; to keep off: cf. F. <i>alexit&egrave;re</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Resisting poison; obviating the effects of venom;
alexipharmic.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lex`i*ter"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a remedy, an
amulet: cf. F. <i>alexit&egrave;re</i>, LL. <i>alexiterium</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A preservative against contagious and infectious
diseases, and the effects of poison in general.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Al"fa</hw> (&?;) or <hw>Al"fa grass"</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plant (<i>Macrochloa tenacissima</i>) of North
Africa; also, its fiber, used in paper making.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*fal"fa</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The lucern (<i>Medicago sativa</i>); -- so called in California,
Texas, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"fe*nide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>An
alloy of nickel and silver electroplated with silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*fe"res</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr. Ar. <i>al-
f&amacr;rs</i> knight.] <def>An ensign; a standard bearer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"fet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>alfetum</i>, fr. AS.
<i>&amacr;lf&aelig;t</i> a pot to boil in; <i>&amacr;l</i> burning +
<i>f&aelig;t</i> vat.] <def>A caldron of boiling water into which an
accused person plunged his forearm as a test of innocence or
guilt.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*fil`a*ri"a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The pin grass (<i>Erodium cicutarium</i>), a weed in
California.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`fi*o"ne</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An edible marine fish of California (<i>Rhacochilus
toxotes</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*fres"co</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [It. <i>al
fresco</i> in or on the fresh.] <def>In the open-air.</def>
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Al"ga</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Alg&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L., seaweed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of seaweed; <i>pl.</i> the class of cellular cryptogamic plants which
includes the black, red, and green seaweeds, as kelp, dulse, sea lettuce,
also marine and fresh water conferv&aelig;, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"gal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or like, alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`ga*ro"ba</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>algarroba</i>, fr. Ar. <i>al-kharr&?;bah</i>. Cf. <u>Carob</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The Carob, a leguminous tree of the
Mediterranean region; also, its edible beans or pods, called <i>St. John's
bread</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The Honey mesquite (<i>Prosopis
juliflora</i>), a small tree found from California to Buenos Ayres; also,
its sweet, pulpy pods. A valuable gum, resembling gum arabic, is collected
from the tree in Texas and Mexico.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al"ga*rot</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al"ga*roth</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>algaroth</i>, fr. the name of the inventor,
<i>Algarotti</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A term used for the Powder of
Algaroth, a white powder which is a compound of trichloride and trioxide of
antimony. It was formerly used in medicine as an emetic, purgative, and
diaphoretic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`ga*ro*vil"la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
agglutinated seeds and husks of the legumes of a South American tree
(<i>Inga Marth&aelig;</i>). It is valuable for tanning leather, and as a
dye.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al"gate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al"gates</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>All</i> + <i>gate</i> way. The s is an adverbial
ending. See <u>Gate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Always; wholly;
everywhere.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ulna now he <i>algates</i> must forego.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; Still used in the north of England in the sense of
"everywhere."</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By any or means; at all events.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Notwithstanding; yet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"ga*zel`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>al</i> the +
<i>ghaz&amacr;l</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The true gazelle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ge*bra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>algebra</i>, fr.
Ar. <i>al-jebr</i> reduction of parts to a whole, or fractions to whole
numbers, fr. <i>jabara</i> to bind together, consolidate; <i>al-jebr
w'almuq&amacr;balah</i> reduction and comparison (by equations): cf. F.
<i>alg&egrave;bre</i>, It. &amp; Sp. <i>algebra</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>That branch of mathematics which treats of the
relations and properties of quantity by means of letters and other symbols.
It is applicable to those relations that are true of every kind of
magnitude.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on this science.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`ge*bra"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`ge*bra"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to algebra; containing an
operation of algebra, or deduced from such operation; as, <i>algebraic</i>
characters; <i>algebraical</i> writings.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Algebraic curve</b></col>, <cd>a curve such that the equation
which expresses the relation between the co&ouml;rdinates of its points
involves only the ordinary operations of algebra; -- opposed to a
<i>transcendental curve</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al`ge*bra"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By algebraic
process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ge*bra`ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
algebra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ge*bra*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To perform by
algebra; to reduce to algebraic form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*ge"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Algeria.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of
Algeria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ge*rine"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Algiers or Algeria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ge*rine"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or one of the
people of Algiers or Algeria. Also, a pirate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"gid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>algidus</i> cold, fr.
<i>algere</i> to be cold: cf. F. <i>algide</i>.] <def>Cold; chilly.</def>
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Algid cholera</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>Asiatic
cholera.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al*gid"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Chilliness;
coldness</def>; especially <i>(Med.)</i>, <def>coldness and
collapse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"gid*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Algidity.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al*gif"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>algificus</i>, fr.
<i>algus</i> cold + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Producing cold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"goid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alga</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Of the nature of, or resembling, an alga.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"gol</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>al-gh&umacr;l</i>
destruction, calamity, fr. <i>gh&amacr;la</i> to take suddenly, destroy.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A fixed star, in Medusa's head, in the constellation
Perseus, remarkable for its periodic variation in brightness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`go*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to algology; as, <i>algological</i> specimens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*gol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One learned
about alg&aelig;; a student of algology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*gol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alga</i> seaweed
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The study or science of alg&aelig; or
seaweeds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al*gon"quin</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al*gon"kin</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a widely spread family of Indians,
including many distinct tribes, which formerly occupied most of the
northern and eastern part of North America. The name was originally applied
to a group of Indian tribes north of the River St. Lawrence.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al"gor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Cold; chilliness.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al"go*rism</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al"go*rithm</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>algorism</i>, <i>algrim</i>, <i>augrim</i>,
OF. <i>algorisme</i>, F. <i>algorithme</i> (cf. Sp. <i>algoritmo</i>, OSp.
<i>alguarismo</i>, LL. <i>algorismus</i>), fr. the Ar. <i>al-
Khow&amacr;rezm&imacr;</i> of Khow&amacr;rezm, the modern Khiwa, surname of
Abu Ja'far Mohammed ben Mus&amacr;, author of a work on arithmetic early in
the 9th century, which was translated into Latin, such books bearing the
name <i>algorismus</i>. The spelling with <i>th</i> is due to a supposed
connection with Gr. &?; number.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of
calculating by nine figures and zero.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of calculating with any species of
notation; as, the <i>algorithms</i> of fractions, proportions, surds,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"gous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>algosus</i>, fr.
<i>alga</i> seaweed.] <def>Of or pertaining to the alg&aelig;, or seaweeds;
abounding with, or like, seaweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`gua*zil"</hw> (&?;) (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>alguacil</i>, fr. Ar. <i>alwaz&imacr;r</i> the vizier. Cf.
<u>Vizier</u>.] <def>An inferior officer of justice in Spain; a warrant
officer; a constable.</def>  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"gum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Almug</u>
(and etymologically preferable).</def>  <i>2 Chron. ii. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*ham"bra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ultimately fr. Ar.
<i>al</i> the + <i>hamr&amacr;</i> red; <i>i. e.</i>, the red (<i>sc.</i>
house).] <def>The palace of the Moorish kings at Granada.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`ham*bra"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`ham*bresque"</hw> (?; 277), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made or decorated after the fanciful style of the
ornamentation in the Alhambra, which affords an unusually fine exhibition
of Saracenic or Arabesque architecture.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*hen"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Henna</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"li*as</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>alius</i>.
See <u>Else</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Otherwise;
otherwise called; -- a term used in legal proceedings to connect the
different names of any one who has gone by two or more, and whose true name
is for any cause doubtful; as, Smith, <i>alias</i> Simpson.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>At another time.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"li*as</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aliases</b></plw> (&?;). [L., otherwise, at another time.]
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A second or further writ which is
issued after a first writ has expired without effect.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Another name; an assumed name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"i*bi</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., elsewhere, at another
place. See <u>Alias</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The plea or mode of defense
under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove that
he was in another place when the alleged act was committed; as, to set up
an <i>alibi</i>; to prove an <i>alibi</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
alible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"i*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alibilis</i>, fr.
<i>alere</i> to nourish.] <def>Nutritive; nourishing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"i*cant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of wine,
formerly much esteemed; -- said to have been made near Alicant, in
Spain.</def>  <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"i*dade</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>alidada</i>,
<i>alhidada</i>, fr. Ar. <i>al-'id&amacr;da</i> a sort of rule: cf. F.
<i>alidade</i>.] <def>The portion of a graduated instrument, as a quadrant
or astrolabe, carrying the sights or telescope, and showing the degrees cut
off on the arc of the instrument</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"ien</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>alien</i>, L.
<i>alienus</i>, fr. <i>alius</i> another; properly, therefore, belonging to
another. See <u>Else</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not belonging to the
same country, land, or government, or to the citizens or subjects thereof;
foreign; as, <i>alien</i> subjects, enemies, property, shores.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wholly different in nature; foreign; adverse;
inconsistent (<i>with</i>); incongruous; -- followed by <i>from</i> or
sometimes by <i>to</i>; as, principles <i>alien</i> from our
religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>alien</i> sound of melancholy.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Alien enemy</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one who owes allegiance
to a government at war with ours.</cd> <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"ien</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
foreigner; one owing allegiance, or belonging, to another country; a
foreign-born resident of a country in which he does not possess the
privileges of a citizen. Hence, a stranger. See <u>Alienage</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One excluded from certain privileges; one
alienated or estranged; as, <i>aliens</i> from God's mercies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Aliens</i> from the common wealth of Israel.<BR>
<i>Ephes. ii. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"ien</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>ali&eacute;ner</i>, L.
<i>alienare</i>.] <def>To alienate; to estrange; to transfer, as property
or ownership.</def> [R.] "It the son <i>alien</i> lands."  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The prince was totally <i>aliened</i> from all thoughts of .
. . the marriage.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al`ien*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Capability
of being alienated.</def> "The <i>alienability</i> of the domain."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"ien*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ali&eacute;nable</i>.] <def>Capable of being alienated, sold, or
transferred to another; as, land is <i>alienable</i> according to the laws
of the state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ien*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>ali&eacute;nage</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or legal
condition of being an alien.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The disabilities of <i>alienage</i> are removable by
naturalization or by special license from the State of residence, and in
some of the United States by declaration of intention of naturalization.
<i>Kent. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Estates forfeitable on account of <i>alienage</i>.<BR>
<i>Story.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being alienated or transferred to
another.</def>  <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><! p. 39 !></p>

<p><hw>Al"ien*ate</hw> (&amacr;l"y<i>e</i>n*&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>alienatus</i>, p. p. of <i>alienare</i>, fr. <i>alienus</i>. See
<u>Alien</u>, and cf. <u>Aliene</u>.] <def>Estranged; withdrawn in
affection; foreign; -- with <i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>alienate</i> from God.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"ien*ate</hw> (-&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Alienated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Alienating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convey or transfer to
another, as title, property, or right; to part voluntarily with ownership
of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw, as the affections; to make
indifferent of averse, where love or friendship before subsisted; to
estrange; to wean; -- with <i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The errors which . . . <i>alienated</i> a loyal gentry and
priesthood from the House of Stuart.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The recollection of his former life is a dream that only the
more <i>alienates</i> him from the realities of the present.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"ien*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stranger; an
alien.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al`ien*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ali&eacute;nation</i>, L. <i>alienatio</i>, fr. <i>alienare</i>, fr.
<i>alienare</i>. See <u>Alienate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
alienating, or the state of being alienated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A transfer of title, or a legal
conveyance of property to another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A withdrawing or estrangement, as of the
affections.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>alienation</i> of his heart from the king.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mental alienation; derangement of the mental
faculties; insanity; as, <i>alienation</i> of mind.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insanity; lunacy; madness; derangement; aberration;
mania; delirium; frenzy; dementia; monomania. See <u>Insanity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Al"ien*a"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
alienates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*iene</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To alien or
alienate; to transfer, as title or property; as, <i>to aliene</i> an
estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ien*ee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One to
whom the title of property is transferred; -- opposed to
<i>alienor</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It the <i>alienee</i> enters and keeps possession.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"ien*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The status or legal condition of an alien; alienage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law was very gentle in the construction of the
disability of <i>alienism</i>.<BR>
<i>Kent.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The study or treatment of diseases of the
mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ien*ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ali&eacute;niste</i>.] <def>One who treats diseases of the mind.</def>
<i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`ien*or"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>ali&eacute;neur</i>.] <def>One who alienates or transfers property to
another.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`i*eth"moid</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`i*eth*moid"al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ala</i> wing + E. <i>ethomoid</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to expansions of the ethmoid bone or
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*life"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>lief</i> dear.]
<def>On my life; dearly.</def> [Obs.] "I love that sport <i>alife</i>."
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*lif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ala</i> wing +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Having wings, winged; aligerous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Al"i*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ala</i> wing +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Wing-shaped; winglike.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lig"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aliger</i>;
<i>ala</i> wing + <i>gerere</i> to carry.] <def>Having wings; winged.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*light"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Alighted</u> (&?;) sometimes <u>Alit</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Alighting</u>.] [OE. <i>alihten</i>, fr. AS.
<i>&amacr;l&imacr;htan</i>; pref. <i>&amacr;-</i> (cf. Goth. <i>us-</i>, G.
<i>er-</i>, orig. meaning <i>out</i>) + <i>l&imacr;htan</i>, to alight,
orig. to render light, to remove a burden from, fr. <i>l&imacr;ht</i>,
<i>leoht</i>, light. See <u>Light</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To spring down, get down, or descend, as from on
horseback or from a carriage; to dismount.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To descend and settle, lodge, rest, or stop; as,
a flying bird <i>alights</i> on a tree; snow <i>alights</i> on a
roof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come or chance (<i>upon</i>).</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*light"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>light</i>.] <def>Lighted; lighted up; in a flame.</def> "The lamps were
<i>alight</i>."  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*lign"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>aligner</i>;
<i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>ligne</i> (L. <i>linea</i>) line. See
<u>Line</u>, and cf. <u>Allineate</u>.] <def>To adjust or form to a line;
to range or form in line; to bring into line; to aline.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lign"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form in line; to fall
into line.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lign"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>alignement</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of adjusting to a line; arrangement in a
line or lines; the state of being so adjusted; a formation in a straight
line; also, the line of adjustment; esp., an imaginary line to regulate the
formation of troops or of a squadron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>The ground-plan of a railway or
other road, in distinction from the grades or profile.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*like"</hw> (&adot;*l&imacr;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>onl&imacr;c</i>, <i>gel&imacr;c</i>; pref. <i>&amacr;</i> +
<i>like</i>.] <def>Having resemblance or similitude; similar; without
difference.</def> [Now used only predicatively.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The darkness and the light are both <i>alike</i> to
thee.<BR>
<i>Ps. cxxxix. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*like"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gel&imacr;ce</i>,
<i>onl&imacr;ce</i>.] <def>In the same manner, form, or degree; in common;
equally; as, we are all <i>alike</i> concerned in religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*like"-mind`ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like-
minded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al"i*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alimentum</i>, fr.
<i>alere</i> to nourish; akin to Goth. <i>alan</i> to grow, Icel.
<i>ala</i> to nourish: cf. F. <i>aliment</i>. See <u>Old</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which nourishes; food; nutriment; anything
which feeds or adds to a substance in natural growth. Hence: The
necessaries of life generally: sustenance; means of support.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Aliments</i> of their sloth and weakness.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An allowance for maintenance.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Al"i*ment</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
nourish; to support.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To provide for the maintenance of.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Al`i*men"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supplying food;
having the quality of nourishing; furnishing the materials for natural
growth; as, <i>alimental</i> sap.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`li*men"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to serve for
nourishment or food; nourishing quality.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`i*men"ta*ri*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being alimentary; nourishing quality.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Al`i*men"ta*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>alimentarius</i>, fr. <i>alimentum</i>: cf. F. <i>alimentaire</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to aliment or food, or to the function of nutrition;
nutritious; alimental; as, <i>alimentary</i> substances.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Alimentary canal</b></col>, <cd>the entire channel, extending
from the mouth to the anus, by which aliments are conveyed through the
body, and the useless parts ejected.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al`i*men*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alimentation</i>, LL. <i>alimentatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or process of affording nutriment; the function of the alimentary
canal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State or mode of being nourished.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`i*men"tive*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
instinct or faculty of appetite for food.</def>   [Chiefly in Phrenol.]</p>

<p><hw>Al`i*mo"ni*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affording food;
nourishing.</def> [R.] "<i>Alimonious</i> humors."  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"i*mo*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alimonia</i>,
<i>alimonium</i>, nourishment, sustenance, fr. <i>alere</i> to nourish.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Maintenance; means of living.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An allowance made to a wife out of
her husband's estate or income for her support, upon her divorce or legal
separation from him, or during a suit for the same.</def>  <i>Wharton.
Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`i*na"sal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ala</i> wing +
E. <i>nasal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to expansions of the nasal
bone or cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*line"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To range or place
in a line; to bring into line; to align.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*lin`e*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Allineation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*line"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Alignment</u>.</def></p>

<p>[The Eng. form <i>alinement</i> is preferable to <i>alignment</i>, a bad
spelling of the French].  <i>New Eng. Dict. (Murray).</i></p>

<p><hw>A*lin"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who adjusts
things to a line or lines or brings them into line.</def>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"i*oth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>aly&amacr;t</i>
the tail of a fat sheep.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A star in the tail of the
Great Bear, the one next the bowl in the Dipper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"i*ped</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alipes</i>;
<i>ala</i> wing + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot: cf. F.
<i>alip&egrave;de</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Wing-footed, as the
bat.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An animal whose toes are connected
by a membrane, serving for a wing, as the bat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"i*quant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aliquantus</i>
some, moderate; <i>alius</i> other + <i>quantus</i> how great: cf. F.
<i>aliquante</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>An <i>aliquant</i> part of a number
or quantity is one which does not divide it without leaving a remainder;
thus, 5 is an <i>aliquant</i> part of 16. Opposed to
<i>aliquot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"i*quot</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aliquot</i> some,
several; <i>alius</i> other + <i>quot</i> how many: cf. F.
<i>aliquote</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>An <i>aliquot</i> part of a number or
quantity is one which will divide it without a remainder; thus, 5 is an
<i>aliquot</i> part of 15. Opposed to <i>aliquant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`i*sep"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ala</i> wing +
E. <i>septal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Relating to expansions of the nasal
septum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like ale; as, an
<i>alish</i> taste.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`i*sphe"noid</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`i*sphe*noid"al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ala</i> wing + E. <i>sphenoid</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to or forming the wing of the sphenoid;
relating to a bone in the base of the skull, which in the adult is often
consolidated with the sphenoid; as, <i>alisphenoid</i> bone;
<i>alisphenoid</i> canal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`i*sphe"noid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
alisphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"i*trunk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ala</i> wing +
<i>truncus</i> trunk.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The segment of the body of
an insect to which the wings are attached; the thorax.</def>
<i>Kirby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`i*tur"gic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>liturgical</i>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Applied to those days when the holy
sacrifice is not offered.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A`li*un"de</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>From another source; from elsewhere; as, a case proved
<i>aliunde</i>; evidence <i>aliunde</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*live"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>on live</i>, AS.
<i>on l&imacr;fe</i> in life; <i>l&imacr;fe</i> being dat. of
<i>l&imacr;f</i> life. See <u>Life</u>, and cf. <u>Live</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having life, in opposition to
<i>dead</i>; living; being in a state in which the organs perform their
functions; as, an animal or a plant which is <i>alive</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a state of action; in force or operation;
unextinguished; unexpired; existent; as, to keep the fire <i>alive</i>; to
keep the affections <i>alive</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting the activity and motion of many
living beings; swarming; thronged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Boyne, for a quarter of a mile, was <i>alive</i> with
muskets and green boughs.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sprightly; lively; brisk.</def>
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having susceptibility; easily impressed; having
lively feelings, as opposed to apathy; sensitive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tremblingly <i>alive</i> to nature's laws.<BR>
<i>Falconer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Of all living (by way of emphasis).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Northumberland was the proudest man <i>alive</i>.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Used colloquially as an intensive; as, <i>man alive!</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Alive</i> always follows the noun which it qualifies.</p>

<p><hw>||A`li*za"ri</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. fr. Ar.
<i>'a&ccedil;&amacr;rah</i> juice extracted from a plant, fr.
<i>'a&ccedil;ara</i> to press.] <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The madder of the
Levant.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*liz"a*rin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>alizarine</i>,
fr. <i>alizari</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A coloring principle,
C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>, found in madder,
and now produced artificially from anthracene. It produces the Turkish
reds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ka*hest</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>alchahest</i>,
F. <i>alcahest</i>, a word that has an Arabic appearance, but was probably
arbitrarily formed by Paracelsus.] <def>The fabled "universal solvent" of
the alchemists; a menstruum capable of dissolving all bodies.</def>  --
<wf>Al`ka*hes"tic</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Al`kal*am"ide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Alkali</i> +
<i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a series of compounds that may be
regarded as ammonia in which a part of the hydrogen has been replaced by
basic, and another part by acid, atoms or radicals.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`ka*les`cence</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`ka*les"cen*cy</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tendency to become alkaline; or the state of a
substance in which alkaline properties begin to be developed, or to
predominant.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`ka*les"cent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alcalescent</i>.] <def>Tending to the properties of an alkali; slightly
alkaline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ka*li</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Alkalis</b></plw> or <plw><b>Alkalies</b></plw> (&?;). [F.
<i>alcali</i>, ultimately fr. Ar. <i>alqal&imacr;</i> ashes of the plant
saltwort, fr. <i>qalay</i> to roast in a pan, fry.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Soda ash; caustic soda, caustic potash, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a class of caustic bases,
such as soda, potash, ammonia, and lithia, whose distinguishing
peculiarities are solubility in alcohol and water, uniting with oils and
fats to form soap, neutralizing and forming salts with acids, turning to
brown several vegetable yellows, and changing reddened litmus to
blue.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fixed alkalies</b></col>, <cd>potash and soda.</cd> --
<col><b>Vegetable alkalies</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Alkaloids</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Volatile alkali</b></col>, <cd>ammonia, so called in distinction
from the fixed alkalies.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al"ka*li*fi`a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alcalifiable</i>.] <def>Capable of being alkalified, or converted into
an alkali.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ka*li*fy</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Alkalified</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Alkalifying</u>.] [<i>Alkali</i> + <i>-fly</i>: cf. F.
<i>alcalifier</i>.] <def>To convert into an alkali; to give alkaline
properties to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ka*li*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become changed
into an alkali.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ka*lim"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Alkali</i> +
<i>-meter</i>. cf. F. <i>alcalim&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument to
ascertain the strength of alkalies, or the quantity of alkali in a
mixture.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`ka*li*met"ric</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`ka*li*met"ric*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to alkalimetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ka*lim"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alcalim&egrave;trie</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The art or process of
ascertaining the strength of alkalies, or the quantity present in alkaline
mixtures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ka*line</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alcalin</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to an alkali or to alkalies; having
the properties of an alkali.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Alkaline earths</b></col>, <cd>certain substances, as lime,
baryta, strontia, and magnesia, possessing some of the qualities of
alkalies.</cd> -- <col><b>Alkaline metals</b></col>, <cd>potassium, sodium,
c&aelig;sium, lithium, rubidium.</cd> -- <col><b>Alkaline
reaction</b></col>, <cd>a reaction indicating alkalinity, as by the action
on limits, turmeric, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al`ka*lin"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
which constitutes an alkali; alkaline property.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*ka"li*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Alkaline.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al"ka*li*zate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Alkaline.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"ka*li**zate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
alkalizate.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`ka*li*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alcalisation</i>.] <def>The act rendering alkaline by impregnating with
an alkali; a conferring of alkaline qualities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ka*lize</hw> (&abreve;l"k&adot;*l&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Alkalized</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Alkalizing</u> (&?;).] [Cf. F.
<i>alcaliser</i>.] <def>To render alkaline; to communicate the properties
of an alkali to.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al"ka*loid</hw> (&abreve;l"k&adot;*loid), <hw>Al`ka*loid"al</hw>
(&abreve;l`k&adot;*loid"<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Alkali</i> +
<i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>alcalo&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, resembling,
or containing, alkali.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ka*loid</hw> (&abreve;l"k&adot;*loid), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An organic base, especially one of a class of
substances occurring ready formed in the tissues of plants and the bodies
of animals.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Alkaloids</i> all contain nitrogen, carbon, and hydrogen, and
many of them also contain oxygen. They include many of the active
principles in plants; thus, morphine and narcotine are <i>alkaloids</i>
found in opium.</p>

<p><hw>Al"ka*net</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of Sp.
<i>alcana</i>, <i>alhe&ntilde;a</i>, in which <i>al</i> is the Ar. article.
See <u>Henna</u>, <u>and cf</u>. <u>Orchanet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A dyeing matter extracted from the roots of <i>Alkanna
tinctoria</i>, which gives a fine deep red color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
boraginaceous herb (<i>Alkanna tinctoria</i>) yielding the dye;
orchanet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The similar plant <i>Anchusa
officinalis</i>; bugloss; also, the American puccoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*kar"gen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Alkar</i>sin +
oxy<i>gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Cacodylic
acid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*kar"sin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Alkali</i> +
<i>ars</i>enic + <i>-in</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A spontaneously
inflammable liquid, having a repulsive odor, and consisting of cacodyl and
its oxidation products; -- called also <i>Cadel's fuming
liquid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*ka"zar</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Alcazar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ke*ken"gi</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alk&eacute;kenge</i>, Sp. <i>alquequenje</i>, ultimately fr. Ar. <i>al-
k&amacr;kanj</i> a kind of resin from Herat.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
herbaceous plant of the nightshade family (<i>Physalis alkekengi</i>) and
its fruit, which is a well flavored berry, the size of a cherry, loosely
inclosed in a enlarged leafy calyx; -- also called <i>winter cherry</i>,
<i>ground cherry</i>, and <i>strawberry tomato</i>.</def>  <i>D. C.
Eaton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*ker"mes</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>al-qirmiz</i>
kermes. See <u>Kermes</u>.] <i>(Old Pharmacy)</i> <def>A compound cordial,
in the form of a confection, deriving its name from the kermes insect, its
principal ingredient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ko*ran</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Mohammedan
Scriptures. Same as <u>Alcoran</u> and <u>Koran</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ko*ran"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Alcoranic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ko*ran"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Alcoranist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>All</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>al</i>, pl.
<i>alle</i>, AS. <i>eal</i>, pl. <i>ealle</i>, Northumbrian <i>alle</i>,
akin to D. &amp; OHG. <i>al</i>, Ger. <i>all</i>, Icel. <i>allr</i>. Dan.
<i>al</i>, Sw. <i>all</i>, Goth. <i>alls</i>; and perh. to Ir. and Gael.
<i>uile</i>, W. <i>oll</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The whole quantity,
extent, duration, amount, quality, or degree of; the whole; the whole
number of; any whatever; every; as, <i>all</i> the wheat; <i>all</i> the
land; <i>all</i> the year; <i>all</i> the strength; <i>all</i> happiness;
<i>all</i> abundance; loss of <i>all</i> power; beyond <i>all</i> doubt;
you will see us <i>all</i> (or all of us).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prove <i>all</i> things: hold fast that which is good.<BR>
<i>1 Thess. v. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any.</def> [Obs.] "Without <i>all</i> remedy."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; When the definite article "the," or a possessive or a
demonstrative pronoun, is joined to the noun that <i>all</i> qualifies,
<i>all</i> precedes the article or the pronoun; as, <i>all</i> the cattle;
<i>all</i> my labor; <i>all</i> his wealth; <i>all</i> our families;
<i>all</i> your citizens; <i>all</i> their property; <i>all</i> other
joys.</p>

<p>This word, not only in popular language, but in the Scriptures, often
signifies, indefinitely, a large portion or number, or a great part. Thus,
<i>all</i> the cattle in Egypt died, <i>all</i> Judea and <i>all</i> the
region round about Jordan, <i>all</i> men held John as a prophet, are not
to be understood in a literal sense, but as including a large part, or very
great numbers.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Only; alone; nothing but.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was born to speak <i>all</i> mirth and no matter.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>All the whole</b></col>, <cd>the whole (emphatically).</cd>
[Obs.] "<i>All the whole</i> army."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>All</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wholly;
completely; altogether; entirely; quite; very; as, <i>all</i> bedewed; my
friend is <i>all</i> for amusement.</def> "And cheeks <i>all</i> pale."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><! p. 40 !></p>

<p>&fist; In the ancient phrases, <i>all</i> too dear, <i>all</i> too much,
<i>all</i> so long, etc., this word retains its appropriate sense or
becomes intensive.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Even; just. (Often a mere intensive
adjunct.)</def> [Obs. or Poet.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>All</i> as his straying flock he fed.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A damsel lay deploring<BR>
<i>All</i> on a rock reclined.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>All to</b></col>, or <col><b>All-to</b></col>. <cd>In such
phrases as "<i>all to</i> rent," "<i>all to break</i>," "<i>all-to</i>
frozen," etc., which are of frequent occurrence in our old authors, the
<i>all</i> and the <i>to</i> have commonly been regarded as forming a
compound adverb, equivalent in meaning to <i>entirely</i>,
<i>completely</i>, <i>altogether</i>. But the sense of entireness lies
wholly in the word <i>all</i> (as it does in "<i>all</i> forlorn," and
similar expressions), and the <i>to</i> properly belongs to the following
word, being a kind of intensive prefix (orig. meaning <i>asunder</i> and
answering to the LG. <i>ter-</i>, HG. <i>zer-</i>). It is frequently to be
met with in old books, used without the <i>all</i>. Thus Wyclif says, "The
vail of the temple was <i>to rent</i>:" and of Judas, "He was hanged and
<i>to-burst</i> the middle:" <i>i. e.</i>, burst in two, or asunder.</cd> -
- <col><b>All along</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Along</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>All and some</b></col>, <cd>individually and collectively, one and
all.</cd> [Obs.] "Displeased <i>all and some</i>." <i>Fairfax.</i> --
<col><b>All but</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Scarcely; not even.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Almost; nearly.</cd> "The fine
arts were <i>all but</i> proscribed." <i>Macaulay.</i> -- <col><b>All
hollow</b></col>, <cd>entirely, completely; as, to beat any one <i>all
hollow</i>.</cd> [Low] -- <col><b>All one</b></col>, <cd>the same thing in
effect; that is, wholly the same thing.</cd> -- <col><b>All over</b></col>,
<cd>over the whole extent; thoroughly; wholly; as, she is her mother <i>all
over</i>.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>All the better</b></col>, <cd>wholly
the better; that is, better by the whole difference.</cd> -- <col><b>All
the same</b></col>, <cd>nevertheless.</cd>  "There they [certain phenomena]
remain rooted <i>all the same</i>, whether we recognize them or not." <i>J.
C. Shairp.</i> "But Rugby is a very nice place <i>all the same</i>." <i>T.
Arnold.</i> -- See also under <u>All</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>All</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The whole number,
quantity, or amount; the entire thing; everything included or concerned;
the aggregate; the whole; totality; everything or every person; as, our
<i>all</i> is at stake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death, as the Psalmist saith, is certain to <i>all</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>All</i> that thou seest is mine.<BR>
<i>Gen. xxxi. 43.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><i>All</i> is used with <i>of</i>, like a partitive; as, <i>all</i> of a
thing, <i>all</i> of us.</p>

<p><col><b>After all</b></col>, <cd>after considering everything to the
contrary; nevertheless.</cd> -- <col><b>All in all</b></col>, <cd>a phrase
which signifies <i>all</i> things to a person, or everything desired; (also
<i>adverbially</i>) wholly; altogether.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt be <i>all in all</i>, and I in thee,<BR>
Forever.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Trust me not at all, or <i>all in all</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <col><b>All in the wind</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a phrase
denoting that the sails are parallel with the course of the wind, so as to
shake.</cd> -- <col><b>All told</b></col>, <cd>all counted; in all.</cd> --
<col><b>And all</b></col>, <cd>and the rest; and everything connected.</cd>
"Bring our crown <i>and all</i>." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>At all</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In every respect; wholly; thoroughly.</cd> [Obs.]
"She is a shrew <i>at al(l)</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
phrase much used by way of enforcement or emphasis, usually in negative or
interrogative sentences, and signifying <i>in any way or respect</i>; <i>in
the least degree</i> or <i>to the least extent</i>; <i>in the least</i>;
<i>under any circumstances</i>; as, he has no ambition <i>at all</i>; has
he any property <i>at all</i>?</cd> "Nothing <i>at all</i>." <i>Shak.</i>
"If thy father <i>at all</i> miss me." <i>1 Sam. xx. 6</i>. -- <col><b>Over
all</b></col>, <cd>everywhere.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>All</i> is much used in composition to enlarge the meaning, or
add force to a word. In some instances, it is completely incorporated into
words, and its final consonant is dropped, as in <i>al</i>mighty,
<i>al</i>ready, <i>al</i>ways: but, in most instances, it is an adverb
prefixed to adjectives or participles, but usually with a hyphen, as,
<i>all</i>-bountiful, <i>all</i>-glorious, <i>all</i>important, <i>all</i>-
surrounding, etc. In others it is an adjective; as, <i>all</i>power,
<i>all</i>-giver. Anciently many words, as, <i>al</i>about,
<i>al</i>aground, etc., were compounded with <i>all</i>, which are now
written separately.</p>

<p><hw>All</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [Orig. <i>all</i>, adv., wholly:
used with <i>though</i> or <i>if</i>, which being dropped before the
subjunctive left <i>all</i> as if in the sense <i>although</i>.]
<def>Although; albeit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>All</i> they were wondrous loth.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Al`la bre"ve</hw> (&?;). [It., according to the <i>breve</i>.]
<i>(Old Church Music)</i> <def>With one <i>breve</i>, or four minims, to
measure, and sung faster like four crotchets; in quick common time; --
indicated in the time signature by &?;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al"lah</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [ contr. fr. the article
<i>al</i> the + <i>ilah</i> God.] <def>The name of the Supreme Being, in
use among the Arabs and the Mohammedans generally.</def></p>

<p><hw>All`-a-mort"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Alamort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"lan*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From T. <i>Allan</i>,
who first distinguished it as a species.] <i>(min.)</i> <def>A silicate
containing a large amount of cerium. It is usually black in color, opaque,
and is related to epidote in form and composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`lan*to"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>allanto&iuml;que</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or contained in, the
allantois.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Allantoic acid</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Allantoin</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al*lan"toid</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`lan*toid"al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; shaped like a sausage; &?; sausage + &?;
form.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the allantois.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`lan*toid"e*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The division of Vertebrata in which the embryo
develops an allantois. It includes reptiles, birds, and mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lan"to*in</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
crystalline, transparent, colorless substance found in the allantoic liquid
of the fetal calf; -- formerly called <i>allantoic acid</i> and <i>amniotic
acid</i>.</def></p>

<p>{  <hw>||Al*lan"to*is</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al*lan"toid</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A membranous appendage of the
embryos of mammals, birds, and reptiles, -- in mammals serving to connect
the fetus with the parent; the urinary vesicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"la*trate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>allatrare</i>. See <u>Latrate</u>.] <def>To bark as a dog.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Stubbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lay"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Allayed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Allaying</u>.] [OE. <i>alaien</i>, <i>aleggen</i>, to lay down, put
down, humble, put an end to, AS. <i>&amacr;lecgan</i>; <i>&amacr;-</i> (cf.
Goth. <i>us-</i>, G. <i>er-</i>, orig. meaning <i>out</i>) + <i>lecgan</i>
to lay; but confused with old forms of <i>allege</i>, <i>alloy</i>,
<i>alegge</i>. See <u>Lay</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make quiet or
put at rest; to pacify or appease; to quell; to calm; as, to <i>allay</i>
popular excitement; to <i>allay</i> the tumult of the passions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To alleviate; to abate; to mitigate; as, to
<i>allay</i> the severity of affliction or the bitterness of
adversity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It would <i>allay</i> the burning quality of that fell
poison.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To alleviate; check; repress; assuage; appease; abate;
subdue; destroy; compose; soothe; calm; quiet. See <u>Alleviate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Al*lay"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To diminish in
strength; to abate; to subside.</def> "When the rage <i>allays</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lay"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Alleviation; abatement;
check.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al*lay"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Alloy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lay"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mix (metals); to mix
with a baser metal; to alloy; to deteriorate.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lay"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, allays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lay"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An allaying; that
which allays; mitigation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The like <i>allayment</i> could I give my grief.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"le*cret</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>alecret</i>,
<i>halecret</i>, <i>hallecret</i>.] <def>A kind of light armor used in the
sixteenth century, esp. by the Swiss.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lect"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>allectare</i>,
freq. of <i>allicere</i>, <i>allectum</i>.] <def>To allure; to
entice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al`lec*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>allectatio</i>.] <def>Enticement; allurement.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lec"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>allectivus</i>.] <def>Alluring.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al*lec"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Allurement.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*ledge"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Allege</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; This spelling, corresponding to <i>abridge</i>, was once the
prevailing one.</p>

<p><hw>Al`le*ga"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>allegatio</i>,
fr. <i>allegare</i>, <i>allegatum</i>, to send a message, cite; later, to
free by giving reasons; <i>ad</i> + <i>legare</i> to send, commission. Cf.
<u>Allege</u> and <u>Adlegation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
alleging or positively asserting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is alleged, asserted, or declared;
positive assertion; formal averment</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I thought their <i>allegation</i> but reasonable.<BR>
<i>Steele.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A statement by a party of what he
undertakes to prove, -- usually applied to each separate averment; the
charge or matter undertaken to be proved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lege"</hw> (&abreve;l*l&ebreve;j"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Alleged</u> (-l&ebreve;jd"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Alleging</u>.] [OE. <i>aleggen</i> to bring
forward as evidence, OF. <i>esligier</i> to buy, prop. to free from legal
difficulties, fr. an assumed LL. <i>exlitigare</i>; L. <i>ex</i> +
<i>litigare</i> to quarrel, sue (see <u>Litigate</u>). The word was
confused with L. <i>allegare</i> (see <u>Allegation</u>), and <i>lex</i>
law. Cf. <u>Allay</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring forward with
positiveness; to declare; to affirm; to assert; as, to <i>allege</i> a
fact.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cite or quote; as, to <i>allege</i> the
authority of a judge.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To produce or urge as a reason, plea, or excuse;
as, he refused to lend, <i>alleging</i> a resolution against
lending.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To bring forward; adduce; advance; assign; produce;
declare; affirm; assert; aver; predicate.</p>

<p><hw>Al*lege"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Allay</u>.] <def>To
alleviate; to lighten, as a burden or a trouble.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lege"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
alleged or affirmed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most authentic examples <i>allegeable</i> in the
case.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al*lege"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Allegation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al*lege"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Allegation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With many complaints and <i>allegements</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al*leg"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who affirms or
declares.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*legge"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Alegge</u>
and <u>Allay</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al*le"giance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>alegeaunce</i>; pref. <i>a-</i> + OF. <i>lige</i>, <i>liege</i>. The
meaning was influenced by L. <i>ligare</i> to bind, and even by <i>lex</i>,
legis, law. See <u>Liege</u>, <u>Ligeance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
tie or obligation, implied or expressed, which a subject owes to his
sovereign or government; the duty of fidelity to one's king, government, or
state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Devotion; loyalty; as, <i>allegiance</i> to
science.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Loyalty; fealty.  -- <u>Allegiance</u>, <u>Loyalty</u>.
These words agree in expressing the general idea of fidelity and attachment
to the "powers that be." <i>Allegiance</i> is an obligation to a ruling
power. <i>Loyalty</i> is a feeling or sentiment towards such power.
<i>Allegiance</i> may exist under any form of government, and, in a
republic, we generally speak of <i>allegiance</i> to the government, to the
state, etc. In well conducted monarchies, <i>loyalty</i> is a warm-hearted
feeling of fidelity and obedience to the sovereign. It is personal in its
nature; and hence we speak of the <i>loyalty</i> of a wife to her husband,
not of her <i>allegiance</i>. In cases where we personify, <i>loyalty</i>
is more commonly the word used; as, <i>loyalty</i> to the constitution;
<i>loyalty</i> to the cause of virtue; <i>loyalty</i> to truth and
religion, etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>Hear me, recreant, on thine <i>allegiance</i> hear me!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake the Seraph Abdiel, faithful found, . . . <BR>
Unshaken, unseduced, unterrified,<BR>
His <i>loyalty</i> he kept, his love, his zeal.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al*le"giant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Loyal.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`le*gor"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`le*gor"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>all&eacute;gorique</i>, L. <i>allegorius</i>,
fr. Gr. &?;. See <u>Allegory</u>.] <def>Belonging to, or consisting of,
allegory; of the nature of an allegory; describing by resemblances;
figurative.</def>   "An <i>allegoric</i> tale." <i>Falconer.</i> "An
<i>allegorical</i> application." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Allegorical</i> being . . . that kind of language which
says one thing, but means another.<BR>
<i>Max Miller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><wf>Al`le*gor"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Al`le*gor"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Al"le*go*rist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>allegoriste</i>.] <def>One who allegorizes; a writer of allegory.</def>
<i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`le*gor"i*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
turning into allegory, or of understanding in an allegorical
sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"le*go*rize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Allegorized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Allegorizing</u>.] [Cf. F.  <i>all&eacute;goriser</i>, fr. L.
<i>allegorizare</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form or turn into
allegory; as, to <i>allegorize</i> the history of a people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat as allegorical; to understand in an
allegorical sense; as, when a passage in a writer may understood literally
or figuratively, he who gives it a figurative sense is said to
<i>allegorize</i> it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"le*go*rize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To use
allegory.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"le*go*ri`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
allegorizes, or turns things into allegory; an allegorist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"le*go*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Allegories</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>allegoria</i>, Gr. &?;,
description of one thing under the image of another; &?; other + &?; to
speak in the assembly, harangue, &?; place of assembly, fr. &?; to
assemble: cf. F. <i>all&eacute;gorie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
figurative sentence or discourse, in which the principal subject is
described by another subject resembling it in its properties and
circumstances. The real subject is thus kept out of view, and we are left
to collect the intentions of the writer or speaker by the resemblance of
the secondary to the primary subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which represents by suggestive
resemblance; an emblem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Paint. &amp; Sculpt.)</i> <def>A figure
representation which has a meaning beyond notion directly conveyed by the
object painted or sculptured.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Metaphor; fable.  -- <u>Allegory</u>, <u>Parable</u>. "An
<i>allegory</i> differs both from fable and <i>parable</i>, in that the
properties of persons are fictitiously represented as attached to things,
to which they are as it were transferred.  . . . A figure of Peace and
Victory crowning some historical personage is an <i>allegory</i>. "I am the
Vine, ye are the branches" [<i>John xv. 1-6</i>] is a spoken
<i>allegory</i>. In the <i>parable</i> there is no transference of
properties. The <i>parable</i> of the sower [<i>Matt. xiii. 3-23</i>]
represents all things as according to their proper nature. In the
<i>allegory</i> quoted above the properties of the vine and the relation of
the branches are transferred to the person of Christ and His apostles and
disciples."  <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p>An <i>allegory</i> is a prolonged metaphor. Bunyan's "Pilgrim's
Progress" and Spenser's "Fa&euml;rie Queene" are celebrated examples of the
<i>allegory</i>.</p>

<p><hw>||Al`le`gresse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>all&eacute;gresse</i>, fr. L. <i>alacer</i> sprightly.] <def>Joy;
gladsomeness.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`le*gret"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., dim. of
<i>allegro</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Quicker than <i>andante</i>, but not so
quick as <i>allegro</i>.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A movement in
this time.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*le"gro</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., merry, gay, fr.
L. <i>alacer</i> lively. Cf. <u>Aleger</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Brisk,
lively.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An allegro movement; a quick,
sprightly strain or piece.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`le*lu"ia</hw>, <hw>Al`le*lu"iah</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alleluia</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. Heb.
<i>hall&emacr;l&umacr;-y&amacr;h</i>. See <u>Hallelujah</u>.] <def>An
exclamation signifying <i>Praise ye Jehovah</i>. Hence: A song of praise to
God. See <u>Hallelujah</u>, the commoner form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I heard a great voice of much people in heaven, saying,
<i>Alleluia</i>.<BR>
<i>Rev. xix. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Al"le*mande"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>allemand</i> German.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A dance in
moderate twofold time, invented by the French in the reign of Louis XIV.; -
- now mostly found in suites of pieces, like those of Bach and
Handel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A figure in dancing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`le*man"nic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Alemannic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*len"ar*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>All</i> +
<i>anerly</i> singly, fr. <i>ane</i> one.] <def>Solely; only.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"ler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>ealra</i>, the AS.
gen. pl. of <i>eal</i> all.] <def>Same as <u>Alder</u>, of all.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Al*le"ri*on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>al&eacute;rion</i>, LL. <i>alario</i> a sort of eagle; of uncertain
origin.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Am eagle without beak or feet, with expanded
wings.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*le"vi*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Alleviated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Alleviating</u>.] [LL. <i>alleviare</i>, fr. L. <i>ad</i> + <i>levis</i>
light. See <u>Alegge</u>, <u>Levity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
lighten or lessen the force or weight of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Should no others join capable to <i>alleviate</i> the
expense.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Those large bladders . . . conduce much to the
<i>alleviating</i> of the body [of flying birds].<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lighten or lessen (physical or mental
troubles); to mitigate, or make easier to be endured; as, to
<i>alleviate</i> sorrow, pain, care, etc. ; -- opposed to
<i>aggravate</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The calamity of the want of the sense of hearing is much
<i>alleviated</i> by giving the use of letters.<BR>
<i>Bp. Horsley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To extenuate; to palliate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>alleviates</i> his fault by an excuse.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To lessen; diminish; soften; mitigate; assuage; abate;
relieve; nullify; allay.  -- To <u>Alleviate</u>, <u>Mitigate</u>,
<u>Assuage</u>, <u>Allay</u>. These words have in common the idea of relief
from some painful state; and being all figurative, they differ in their
application, according to the image under which this idea is presented.
<i>Alleviate</i> supposes a load which is lightened or taken off; as, to
<i>alleviate</i> one's cares. <i>Mitigate</i> supposes something fierce
which is made mild; as, to <i>mitigate</i> one's anguish. <i>Assuage</i>
supposes something violent which is quieted; as, to <i>assuage</i> one's
sorrow. <i>Allay</i> supposes something previously excited, but now brought
down; as, to <i>allay</i> one's suffering or one's thirst. To
<i>alleviate</i> the distresses of life; to <i>mitigate</i> the fierceness
of passion or the violence of grief; to <i>assuage</i> angry feeling; to
<i>allay</i> wounded sensibility.</p>

<p><hw>Al*le`vi*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>alleviatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of alleviating; a
lightening of weight or severity; mitigation; relief.</def></p>

<p><! p. 41 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which mitigates, or makes more
tolerable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not wanted such <i>alleviations</i> of life as
friendship could supply.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al*le"vi*a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
alleviate.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
alleviates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*le"vi*a`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, alleviates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*le"vi*a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Alleviative.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"ley</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Alleys</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>aley</i>, <i>alley</i>, OF.
<i>al&eacute;e</i>, F. <i>all&eacute;e</i>, a going, passage, fr. OE.
<i>aler</i>, F. <i>aller</i>, to go; of uncertain origin: cf. Prov.
<i>anar</i>, It. <i>andare</i>, Sp. <i>andar</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A narrow passage; especially a walk or passage in a garden or park,
bordered by rows of trees or bushes; a bordered way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know each lane and every <i>alley</i> green.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow passage or way in a city, as distinct
from a public street.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A passageway between rows of pews in a
church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Persp.)</i> <def>Any passage having the entrance
represented as wider than the exit, so as to give the appearance of
length.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The space between two rows of compositors'
stands in a printing office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ley</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Alleys</b></plw> (&?;). [A contraction of <i>alabaster</i>, of
which it was originally made.] <def>A choice taw or marble.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"leyed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
alleys; forming an alley.</def> "An <i>alleyed</i> walk."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"ley*way`</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An alley.</def></p>

<p><hw>All" Fools' Day`</hw> (&?;). <def>The first day of April, a day on
which sportive impositions are practiced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first of April, some do say,<BR>
Is set apart for <i>All Fools' Day</i>.<BR>
<i>Poor Robin's Almanack (1760).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>All`fours"</hw> (&?;). [All + four (cards).] <def>A game at cards,
called "High, Low, Jack, and the Game."</def></p>

<p><hw>All` fours"</hw> [formerly, <u>All` four"</u>.] <def>All four legs
of a quadruped; or the two legs and two arms of a person.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be</b></col>, <col><b>go</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>run</b></col>, <col><b>on all fours</b></col> (Fig.), <cd>to be on
the same footing; to correspond (<i>with</i>) exactly; to be alike in all
the circumstances to be considered.</cd>  "This example <i>is on all
fours</i> with the other."  "No simile can <i>go on all fours</i>."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>All` hail"</hw> (&?;). [<i>All</i> + <i>hail</i>,
<pos><i>interj.</i></pos>] <def>All health; -- a phrase of salutation or
welcome.</def></p>

<p><hw>All`-hail"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To salute; to
greet.</def> [Poet.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whiles I stood rapt in the wonder of it, came missives from
the king, who <i>all-hailed</i> me "Thane of Cawdor."<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>All`hal"lond</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Allhallows.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>All`hal"low</hw> (&?;), <hw>All`hal"lows</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>All the saints (in
heaven).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>All Saints' Day, November 1st.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>All`hal"low eve`</hw> (&emacr;v`). <def>The evening before
Allhallows. See <u>Halloween</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>All`hal"low*mas</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The feast of
All Saints.</def></p>

<p><hw>All`hal"lown</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the time of Allhallows. [Obs.] "<i>Allhallown</i> summer." <i>Shak.</i>
(i. e., <i>late summer</i>; "Indian Summer").</def></p>

<p><hw>All`hal"low*tide`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>t&imacr;d</i> time.] <def>The time at or near All Saints, or November
1st.</def></p>

<p><hw>All"heal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name popularly
given to the officinal valerian, and to some other plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*li"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Able to enter into
alliance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`li*a"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the genus <i>Allium</i>, or garlic, onions, leeks, etc.; having the
smell or taste of garlic or onions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*li"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aliaunce</i>,
OF. <i>aliance</i>, F. <i>alliance</i>, fr. OF. <i>alier</i>, F.
<i>allier</i>. See <u>Ally</u>, and cf. LL. <i>alligantia</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being allied; the act of allying or
uniting; a union or connection of interests between families, states,
parties, etc., especially between families by marriage and states by
compact, treaty, or league; as, matrimonial <i>alliances</i>; an
<i>alliance</i> between church and state; an <i>alliance</i> between France
and England.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any union resembling that of families or states;
union by relationship in qualities; affinity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>alliance</i> of the principles of the world with
those of the gospel.<BR>
<i>C. J. Smith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>alliance</i> . . . between logic and metaphysics.<BR>
<i>Mansel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The persons or parties allied.</def>
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Connection; affinity; union; confederacy; confederation;
league; coalition.</p>

<p><hw>Al*li"ance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To connect by
alliance; to ally.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al*li"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>alliant</i>,
p. pr.] <def>An ally; a confederate.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al"lice</hw>, <hw>Al"lis</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European shad (<i>Clupea vulgaris</i>); allice
shad. See <u>Alose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*li"cien*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Attractive
power; attractiveness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*li"cient</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alliciens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>allicere</i> to allure; <i>ad</i> + <i>lacere</i> to entice.]
<def>That attracts; attracting.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
attracts.</def> [Rare or Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al*lied"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>United; joined;
leagued; akin; related. See <u>Ally</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*li*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>alligatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>alligare</i>. See <u>Ally</u>.] <def>To tie; to unite by some
tie.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Instincts <i>alligated</i> to their nature.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al`li*ga"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>alligatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of tying together or
attaching by some bond, or the state of being attached.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>A rule relating to the solution
of questions concerning the compounding or mixing of different ingredients,
or ingredients of different qualities or values.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The rule is named from the method of connecting together the
terms by certain ligature-like signs. <i>Alligation</i> is of two kinds,
medial and <i>alternate</i>; <i>medial</i> teaching the method of finding
the price or quality of a mixture of several simple ingredients whose
prices and qualities are known; <i>alternate</i>, teaching the amount of
each of several simple ingredients whose prices or qualities are known,
which will be required to make a mixture of given price or quality.</p>

<p><hw>Al"li*ga`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>el lagarto</i>
the lizard (<i>el lagarto de Indias</i>, the cayman or American crocodile),
fr. L. <i>lacertus</i>, <i>lacerta</i>, lizard. See <u>Lizard</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large carnivorous reptile of
the Crocodile family, peculiar to America. It has a shorter and broader
snout than the crocodile, and the large teeth of the lower jaw shut into
pits in the upper jaw, which has no marginal notches. Besides the common
species of the southern United States, there are allied species in South
America.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Any machine with strong jaws, one
of which opens like the movable jaw of an alligator</def>; as,
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Metal Working)</i> <def>a form of squeezer for the
puddle ball</def>; <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>a rock
breaker</def>; <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Printing)</i> <def>a kind of job
press, called also <i>alligator press</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Alligator apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the fruit of the
<i>Anona palustris</i>, a West Indian tree. It is said to be narcotic in
its properties.</cd> <i>Loudon.</i> -- <col><b>Alligator fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a marine fish of northwestern America
(<i>Podothecus acipenserinus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Alligator gar</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the gar pikes (<i>Lepidosteus spatula</i>)
found in the southern rivers of the United States. The name is also applied
to other species of gar pikes.</cd> -- <col><b>Alligator pear</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a corruption of <i>Avocado pear</i>. See
<u>Avocado</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Alligator snapper</b></col>,
<col><b>Alligator tortoise</b></col>, <col><b>Alligator turtle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very large and voracious turtle (<i>Macrochelys
lacertina</i>) inhabiting the rivers of the southern United States. It
sometimes reaches the weight of two hundred pounds. Unlike the common
snapping turtle, to which the name is sometimes erroneously applied, it has
a scaly head and many small scales beneath the tail. This name is sometimes
given to other turtles, as to species of <i>Trionyx</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Alligator wood</b></col>, <cd>the timber of a tree of the West
Indies (<i>Guarea Swartzii</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al*lign"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Alignment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lin"e*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>lineatus</i>, p. p. of <i>lineare</i> to draw a line.] <def>To
align.</def> [R.]  <i>Herschel.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al*lin`e*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*lin`e*a"tion</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Alignment; position in a straight line, as of two
planets with the sun.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>allineation</i> of the two planets.<BR>
<i>C. A. Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al*li"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>allisio</i>, fr.
<i>allidere</i>, to strike or dash against; <i>ad</i> + <i>laedere</i> to
dash against.] <def>The act of dashing against, or striking upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The boisterous <i>allision</i> of the sea.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al*lit"er*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
characterized by alliteration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lit"er*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To employ or
place so as to make alliteration.</def>  <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lit"er*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To compose
alliteratively; also, to constitute alliteration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lit`er*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>litera</i> letter. See <u>Letter</u>.] <def>The repetition of the same
letter at the beginning of two or more words immediately succeeding each
other, or at short intervals; as in the following lines: -</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behemoth, biggest born of earth, upheaved<BR>
His vastness.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Fly o'er waste fens and windy fields.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The recurrence of the same letter in accented parts of words is
also called <i>alliteration</i>. Anglo-Saxon poetry is characterized by
alliterative meter of this sort. Later poets also employed it.</p>

<p><blockquote>In a somer seson whan soft was the sonne,<BR>
I <i>sh</i>ope me in <i>sh</i>roudes as I a <i>sh</i>epe were.<BR>
<i>P. Plowman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al*lit"er*a*tive</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or characterized by, alliteration; as, <i>alliterative</i>
poetry.</def>  -- <wf>Al*lit"er*a*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Al*lit"er*a*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Al*lit"er*a`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
alliterates.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al"li*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., garlic.]
<i>(bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants, including the onion, garlic, leek,
chive, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>All"mouth`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The angler.</def></p>

<p><hw>All"ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Totality;
completeness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>allness</i> of God, including his absolute
spirituality, supremacy, and eternity.<BR>
<i>R. Turnbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>All"night`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Light, fuel, or
food for the whole night.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"lo*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>allocatus</i>, p. p. of <i>allocare</i>, fr. L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>locare</i> to place. See <u>Allow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
distribute or assign; to allot.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To localize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Al`lo*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>allocatio</i>: cf. F. <i>allocation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of putting one thing to another; a placing; disposition;
arrangement.</def>  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An allotment or apportionment; as, an
<i>allocation</i> of shares in a company.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>allocation</i> of the particular portions of
Palestine to its successive inhabitants.<BR>
<i>A. R. Stanley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The admission of an item in an account, or an
allowance made upon an account; -- a term used in the English
exchequer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`lo*ca"tur</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., it is allowed,
fr. <i>allocare</i> to allow.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>"Allowed." The word
<i>allocatur</i> expresses the allowance of a proceeding, writ, order,
etc., by a court, judge, or judicial officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`lo*chro"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Changeable in
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*loch"ro*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Garnet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*loch"ro*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; changed in
color, fr. &?; other + &?; color.] <def>Changing color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`lo*cu"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>allocuto</i>,
fr. <i>alloqui</i> to speak to; <i>ad</i> + <i>loqui</i> to speak: cf. F.
<i>allocution</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or manner of speaking
to, or of addressing in words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An address; a hortatory or authoritative address
as of a pope to his clergy.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"lod</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Allodium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lo"di*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>allodialis</i>,
fr. <i>allodium</i>: cf. F. <i>allodial</i>. See <u>Allodium</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Pertaining to allodium; freehold; free of rent or
service; held independent of a lord paramount; -- opposed to <i>feudal</i>;
as, <i>allodial</i> lands; <i>allodial</i> system.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lo"di*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Anything held
allodially.</def>  <i>W. Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lo"di*al*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The allodial
system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lo"di*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds
allodial land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lo"di*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By allodial
tenure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lo"di*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds an
allodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lo"di*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>allodium</i>,
<i>alodium</i>, <i>alodis</i>, <i>alaudis</i>, of Ger. origin; cf. OHG.
<i>al</i> all, and <i>&?;t</i> (AS. <i>e&amacr;d</i>) possession, property.
It means, therefore, entirely one's property.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Freehold
estate; land which is the absolute property of the owner; real estate held
in absolute independence, without being subject to any rent, service, or
acknowledgment to a superior. It is thus opposed to <i>feud</i>.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*log"a*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Characterized by allogamy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*log"a*my</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; other + &?;
marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Fertilization of the pistil of a plant by
pollen from another of the same species; cross-fertilization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`lo*ge"ne*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Different in nature or kind.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Al"lo*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; another + <i>-
graph</i>.] <def>A writing or signature made by some person other than any
of the parties thereto; -- opposed to <i>autograph</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lom"er*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; other + &?;
part.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Variability in chemical constitution without
variation in crystalline form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lom"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Characterized by allomerism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"lo*morph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; other + &?;
form.] <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of two or more
distinct crystalline forms of the same substance; or the substance having
such forms; -- as, carbonate of lime occurs in the <i>allomorphs</i>
calcite and aragonite.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A variety of
pseudomorph which has undergone partial or complete change or substitution
of material; -- thus limonite is frequently an <i>allomorph</i> after
pyrite.</def>  <i>G. H. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`lo*mor"phic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to allomorphism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`lo*mor"phism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>The property which constitutes an allomorph; the change involved in
becoming an allomorph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*longe"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>allonge</i>,
earlier <i>alonge</i>, a lengthening. See <u>Allonge</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Lunge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fencing)</i> <def>A thrust or pass; a lunge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slip of paper attached to a bill of exchange
for receiving indorsements, when the back of the bill itself is already
full; a rider.</def> [A French usage]  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*longe"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>allonger</i>;
<i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>long</i> (L. <i>longus</i>) long.]
<def>To thrust with a sword; to lunge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"lo*nym</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>allonyme</i>, fr.
Gr. &?; other + &?; name.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The name of another
person assumed by the author of a work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A work published under the name of some one
other than the author.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lon"y*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Published under
the name of some one other than the author.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*loo"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. or i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Halloo</u>.] <def>To incite dogs by a call; to halloo.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al"lo*path</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>allopathe</i>.] <def>An allopathist.</def>  <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`lo*path"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>allopathique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to allopathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`lo*path"ic*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner conformable to allopathy; by allopathic methods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lop"a*thist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices allopathy; one who professes allopathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lop"a*thy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; other + &?;
suffering, &?;, &?;, to suffer: cf. G. <i>allopathie</i>, F.
<i>allopathie</i>. See <u>Pathos</u>.] <def>That system of medical practice
which aims to combat disease by the use of remedies which produce effects
different from those produced by the special disease treated; -- a term
invented by Hahnemann to designate the ordinary practice, as opposed to
<i>homeopathy</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`lo*phyl"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`lo*phyl"i*an</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of another tribe; &?; other + &?; class or
tribe.] <def>Pertaining to a race or a language neither Aryan nor
Semitic.</def>  <i>J. Prichard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"lo*quy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alloquim</i>, fr.
<i>alloqui</i>.] <def>A speaking to another; an address.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al*lot"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Allotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Allotting</u>.] [OF. <i>aloter</i>, F. <i>allotir</i>; <i>a</i> (L.
<i>ad</i>) + <i>lot</i> lot. See <u>Lot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
distribute by lot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To distribute, or parcel out in parts or
portions; or to distribute to each individual concerned; to assign as a
share or lot; to set apart as one's share; to bestow on; to grant; to
appoint; as, let every man be contented with that which Providence
<i>allots</i> him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ten years I will <i>allot</i> to the attainment of
knowledge.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"lo*the*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; other + &?;
god.] <def>The worship of strange gods.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lot"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>alotement</i>, F. <i>allotement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
allotting; assignment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is allotted; a share, part, or
portion granted or distributed; that which is assigned by lot, or by the
act of God; anything set apart for a special use or to a distinct
party.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>alloments</i> of God and nature.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A vineyard and an <i>allotment</i> for olives and herbs.<BR>
<i>Broome.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(law)</i> <def>The allowance of a specific amount
of scrip or of a particular thing to a particular person.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cottage allotment</b></col>, <cd>an allotment of a small portion
of land to a country laborer for garden cultivation.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><! p. 42 !></p>

<p><hw>Al`lo*tri*oph"a*gy</hw>
(&abreve;l`l&osl;*tr&ibreve;*&obreve;f"&adot;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'allo`trios</grk> strange +
<grk>fagei^n</grk> to eat: cf. F. <i>allotriophagie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A depraved appetite; a desire for improper food.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`lo*trop"ic</hw> (&abreve;l`l&osl;*tr&obreve;p"&ibreve;k),
<hw>Al`lo*trop"ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;k*<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>allotropique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to allotropism.</def>
-- <wf>Al`lo*trop"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Allotropic state</b></col>, <cd>the several conditions which
occur in a case of allotropism.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al*lot`ro*pic"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Allotropic
property or nature.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al*lot"ro*pism</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al*lot"ro*py</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; other + direction, way, &?; to turn: cf. F.
<i>allotropie</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The property of existing in two or
more conditions which are distinct in their physical or chemical
relations.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Thus, carbon occurs crystallized in octahedrons and other related
forms, in a state of extreme hardness, in the diamond; it occurs in
hexagonal forms, and of little hardness, in black lead; and again occurs in
a third form, with entire softness, in lampblack and charcoal. In some
cases, one of these is peculiarly an active state, and the other a passive
one. Thus, ozone is an active state of oxygen, and is distinct from
ordinary oxygen, which is the element in its passive state.</p>

<p><hw>Al*lot"ro*pize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To change in
physical properties but not in substance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Al*lot"ta*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
allotted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lot`tee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One to whom
anything is allotted; one to whom an allotment is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lot"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
allots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lot"ter*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Allotment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*low"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Allowed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Allowing</u>.] [OE. <i>alouen</i>, OF. <i>alouer</i>, <i>aloer</i>,
<i>aluer</i>, F. <i>allouer</i>, fr. LL. <i>allocare</i> to admit as
proved, to place, use; confused with OF. <i>aloer</i>, fr. L.
<i>allaudare</i> to extol; <i>ad</i> + <i>laudare</i> to praise. See
<u>Local</u>, and cf. <u>Allocate</u>, <u>Laud</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To praise; to approve of; hence, to sanction.</def> [Obs. or
Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye <i>allow</i> the deeds of your fathers.<BR>
<i>Luke xi. 48.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We commend his pains, condemn his pride, <i>allow</i> his
life, approve his learning.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To like; to be suited or pleased with.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>allow</i> you the model of these clothes?<BR>
<i>Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sanction; to invest; to intrust.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt be . . . <i>allowed</i> with absolute power.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To grant, give, admit, accord, afford, or yield;
to let one have; as, to <i>allow</i> a servant his liberty; to <i>allow</i>
a free passage; to <i>allow</i> one day for rest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>allowed</i> about three hundred pounds a year.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To own or acknowledge; to accept as true; to
concede; to accede to an opinion; as, to <i>allow</i> a right; to
<i>allow</i> a claim; to <i>allow</i> the truth of a proposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>allow</i>, with Mrs. Grundy and most moralists, that
Miss Newcome's conduct . . . was highly reprehensible.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To grant (something) as a deduction or an
addition; esp. to abate or deduct; as, to <i>allow</i> a sum for
leakage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To grant license to; to permit; to consent to;
as, to <i>allow</i> a son to be absent.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To allot; assign; bestow; concede; admit; permit; suffer;
tolerate. See <u>Permit</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Al*low"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To admit; to concede; to
make allowance or abatement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Allowing</i> still for the different ways of making
it.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To allow of</b></col>, <cd>to permit; to admit.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*low"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>allouable</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Praiseworthy; laudable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hacket.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proper to be, or capable of being, allowed;
permissible; admissible; not forbidden; not unlawful or improper; as, a
certain degree of freedom is <i>allowable</i> among friends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*low"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being allowable; permissibleness; lawfulness; exemption from prohibition or
impropriety.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*low"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an allowable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*low"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>alouance</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Approval; approbation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Crabbe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of allowing, granting, conceding, or
admitting; authorization; permission; sanction; tolerance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without the king's will or the state's <i>allowance</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Acknowledgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The censure of the which one must in your <i>allowance</i>
o'erweigh a whole theater of others.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>License; indulgence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is allowed; a share or portion
allotted or granted; a sum granted as a reimbursement, a bounty, or as
appropriate for any purpose; a stated quantity, as of food or drink; hence,
a limited quantity of meat and drink, when provisions fall short.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can give the boy a handsome <i>allowance</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Abatement; deduction; the taking into account of
mitigating circumstances; as, to make <i>allowance</i> for the inexperience
of youth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After making the largest <i>allowance</i> for fraud.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(com.)</i> <def>A customary deduction from the
gross weight of goods, different in different countries, such as
<i>tare</i> and <i>tret</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*low"ance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Allowancing</u> (&?;).] [See <u>Allowance</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To put upon a fixed allowance (esp. of
provisions and drink); to supply in a fixed and limited quantity; as, the
captain was obliged to <i>allowance</i> his crew; our provisions were
<i>allowanced</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*low"ed*ly</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By allowance;
admittedly.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*low"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An approver or abettor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who allows or permits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lox"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>All</i>antoin +
<i>oxa</i>lic, as containing the elements of <i>allantion</i> and
<i>oxalic</i> acid.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oxidation product of uric acid.
It is of a pale reddish color, readily soluble in water or
alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lox"a*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
combination of alloxanic acid and a base or base or positive
radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`lox*an"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to alloxan; -- applied to an acid obtained by the action of
soluble alkalies on alloxan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`lox*an"tin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
substance produced by acting upon uric with warm and very dilute nitric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*loy"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>alai</i>, OF.
<i>alei</i>, F. <i>aloyer</i>, to alloy, <i>alier</i> to ally. See
<u>Alloy</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any
combination or compound of metals fused together; a mixture of metals; for
example, brass, which is an alloy of copper and zinc. But when mercury is
one of the metals, the compound is called an <i>amalgam</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality, or comparative purity, of gold or
silver; fineness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A baser metal mixed with a finer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fine silver is silver without the mixture of any baser
metal. <i>Alloy</i> is baser metal mixed with it.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Admixture of anything which lessens the value or
detracts from; as, no happiness is without <i>alloy</i>.</def> "Pure
English without Latin <i>alloy</i>."  <i>F. Harrison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*loy"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Alloyed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Alloying</u>.] [F. <i>aloyer</i>, OF. <i>alier</i>, <i>allier</i>, later
<i>allayer</i>, fr. L. <i>aligare</i>. See <u>Alloy</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Ally</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Allay</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce the purity of by mixing
with a less valuable substance; as, to <i>alloy</i> gold with silver or
copper, or silver with copper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mix, as metals, so as to form a
compound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To abate, impair, or debase by mixture; to
allay; as, to <i>alloy</i> pleasure with misfortunes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*loy"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form a metallic
compound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gold and iron <i>alloy</i> with ease.<BR>
<i>Ure.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al*loy"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>aloyage</i>.]
<def>The act or art of alloying metals; also, the combination or
alloy.</def></p>

<p><hw>All`-pos*sessed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Controlled by
an evil spirit or by evil passions; wild.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>All" Saints`</hw> (&?;), <hw>All" Saints'</hw> (&?;), } <def>The
first day of November, called, also, <i>Allhallows</i> or <i>Hallowmas</i>;
a feast day kept in honor of all the saints; also, the season of this
festival.</def></p>

<p><hw>All" Souls' Day`</hw> (&?;). <def>The second day of November; a
feast day of the Roman Catholic church, on which supplications are made for
the souls of the faithful dead.</def></p>

<p><hw>All"spice`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The berry of the
pimento (<i>Eugenia pimenta</i>), a tree of the West Indies; a spice of a
mildly pungent taste, and agreeably aromatic; Jamaica pepper; pimento. It
has been supposed to combine the flavor of cinnamon, nutmegs, and cloves;
and hence the name. The name is also given to other aromatic shrubs; as,
the <i>Carolina allspice</i> (<i>Calycanthus floridus</i>); <i>wild
allspice</i> (<i>Lindera benzoin</i>), called also <i>spicebush</i>,
<i>spicewood</i>, and <i>feverbush</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>All`thing`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [For <i>in all</i> (=
every) <i>thing</i>.] <def>Altogether.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lude"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Alluded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Alluding</u>.] [L. <i>alludere</i> to play with, to allude; <i>ad</i> +
<i>ludere</i> to play.] <def>To refer to something indirectly or by
suggestion; to have reference to a subject not specifically and plainly
mentioned; -- followed by <i>to</i>; as, the story <i>alludes</i> to a
recent transaction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These speeches . . . do seem to <i>allude</i> unto such
ministerial garments as were then in use.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To refer; point; indicate; hint; suggest; intimate;
signify; insinuate; advert. See <u>Refer</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Al*lude"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To compare allusively;
to refer (something) as applicable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wither.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Al`lu`mette</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from
<i>allumer</i> to light.] <def>A match for lighting candles, lamps,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lu"mi*nor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>alumineor</i>,
fr. L. <i>ad</i> + <i>liminare</i>. See <u>Luminate</u>.] <def>An
illuminator of manuscripts and books; a limner.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lur"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Allurement.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Al*lure"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Alluded</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Alluring</u>.] [OF. <i>aleurrer</i>, <i>alurer</i>, fr. <i>a</i> (L.
<i>ad</i>) + <i>leurre</i> lure. See <u>Lure</u>.] <def>To attempt to draw;
to tempt by a lure or bait, that is, by the offer of some good, real or
apparent; to invite by something flattering or acceptable; to entice; to
attract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With promised joys <i>allured</i> them on.<BR>
<i>Falconer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The golden sun in splendor likest Heaven<BR>
<i>Allured</i> his eye.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To attract; entice; tempt; decoy; seduce.  -- To
<u>Allure</u>, <u>Entice</u>, <u>Decoy</u>, <u>Seduce</u>. These words
agree in the idea of acting upon the mind by some strong controlling
influence, and differ according to the image under which is presented. They
are all used in a bad sense, except <i>allure</i>, which has sometimes
(though rarely) a good one. We are <i>allured</i> by the prospect or offer
(usually deceptive) of some future good. We are commonly <i>enticed</i>
into evil by appeals to our passions. We are <i>decoyed</i> into danger by
false appearances or representations. We are <i>seduced</i> when drawn
aside from the path of rectitude. What <i>allures</i> draws by gentle
means; what <i>entices</i> leads us by promises and persuasions; what
<i>decoys</i> betrays us, as it were, into a snare or net; what
<i>seduces</i> deceives us by artful appeals to the passions.</p>

<p><hw>Al*lure"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Allurement.</def> [R.]
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Al`lure"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; <i>aller</i> to
go.] <def>Gait; bearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The swing, the gait, the pose, the <i>allure</i> of these
men.<BR>
<i>Harper's Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al*lure"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act alluring; temptation; enticement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though Adam by his wife's <i>allurement</i> fell.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which allures; any real or apparent good
held forth, or operating, as a motive to action; as, the <i>allurements</i>
of pleasure, or of honor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lur"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, allures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lur"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That allures; attracting;
charming; tempting.</def> -- <wf>Al*lur"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Al*lur"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Al*lu"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>allusio</i>, fr.
<i>alludere</i> to allude: cf. F. <i>allusion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A figurative or symbolical reference.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reference to something supposed to be known,
but not explicitly mentioned; a covert indication; indirect reference; a
hint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lu"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Figurative; symbolical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having reference to something not fully
expressed; containing an allusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lu"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Figuratively [Obs.];
by way of allusion; by implication, suggestion, or insinuation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lu"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
allusive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lu"so*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Allusive.</def>
[R.]  <i>Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lu"vi*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alluvial</i>. See <u>Alluvion</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, contained in, or
composed of, alluvium; relating to the deposits made by flowing water;
washed away from one place and deposited in another; as, <i>alluvial</i>
soil, mud, accumulations, deposits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lu"vi*on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>alluvion</i>, L.
<i>alluvio</i>, fr. <i>alluere</i> to wash against; <i>ad</i> +
<i>luere</i>, equiv. to <i>lavare</i>, to wash. See <u>Lave</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wash or flow of water against the shore or
bank.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An overflowing; an inundation; a flood.</def>
<i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Matter deposited by an inundation or the action
of flowing water; alluvium.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The golden <i>alluvions</i> are there [in California and
Australia] spread over a far wider space: they are found not only on the
banks of rivers, and in their beds, but are scattered over the surface of
vast plains.<BR>
<i>R. Cobden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An accession of land gradually
washed to the shore or bank by the flowing of water. See
<u>Accretion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lu"vi*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alluvius</i>.
See <u>Alluvion</u>.] <def>Alluvial.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*lu"vi*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Alluviums</b></plw>, L. <plw><b>Alluvia</b></plw> (&?;). [L., neut.
of <i>alluvius</i>. See <u>Alluvious</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Deposits of
earth, sand, gravel, and other transported matter, made by rivers, floods,
or other causes, upon land not permanently submerged beneath the waters of
lakes or seas.</def>  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>All"where`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Everywhere.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>All"work`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Domestic or other
work of all kinds; as, a maid of <i>allwork</i>, that is, a general
servant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*ly"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Allied</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Allying</u>.] [OE. <i>alien</i>, OF. <i>alier</i>, F. <i>alier</i>, fr.
L. <i>alligare</i> to bind to; <i>ad</i> + <i>ligare</i> to bind. Cf.
<u>Alligate</u>, <u>Alloy</u>, <u>Allay</u>, <u>Ligament</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite, or form a connection between, as between
families by marriage, or between princes and states by treaty, league, or
confederacy; -- often followed by <i>to</i> or <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O chief! in blood, and now in arms <i>allied</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To connect or form a relation between by
similitude, resemblance, friendship, or love.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These three did love each other dearly well,<BR>
And with so firm affection were <i>allied</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The virtue nearest to our vice <i>allied</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ally</i> is generally used in the passive form or
reflexively.</p>

<p><hw>Al*ly"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Allies</b></plw> (&?;). [See <u>Ally</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A relative; a kinsman.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One united to another by treaty or league; --
usually applied to sovereigns or states; a confederate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The English soldiers and their French <i>allies</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything associated with another as a helper; an
auxiliary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Science, instead of being the enemy of religion, becomes its
<i>ally</i>.<BR>
<i>Buckle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything akin to another by structure,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Alley</u>, a
marble or taw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"lyl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>all</i>ium garlic +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An organic radical,
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>, existing especially in oils of garlic and
mustard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ly*lene</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
gaseous hydrocarbon, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>4</sub>, homologous with acetylene;
propine.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Al"ma</hw>, <hw>Al"mah</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Alme</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ma*can"tar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Almucantar</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A recently invented instrument for observing the
heavenly bodies as they cross a given almacantar circle. See
<u>Almucantar</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Al`ma*di"a</hw> (&?;), <hw>||Al"ma*die</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>almadie</i> (cf. Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>almadia</i>), fr.
Ar. <i>alma'd&imacr;yah</i> a raft, float.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bark canoe used by the Africans.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A boat used at Calicut, in India, about eighty
feet long, and six or seven broad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ma*gest</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>almageste</i>,
LL. <i>almageste</i>, Ar. <i>al-majist&imacr;</i>, fr. Gr. &?; (sc. &?;),
the greatest composition.] <def>The celebrated work of Ptolemy of
Alexandria, which contains nearly all that is known of the astronomical
observations and theories of the ancients. The name was extended to other
similar works.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*ma"gra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>almagra</i>,
<i>almagre</i>, fr. Ar. <i>al</i>-<i>maghrah</i> red clay or earth.] <def>A
fine, deep red ocher, somewhat purplish, found in Spain. It is the <i>sil
atticum</i> of the ancients. Under the name of <i>Indian red</i> it is used
for polishing glass and silver.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al"main</hw> (&abreve;l"m&amacr;n), <hw>Al"mayne</hw> (-
m&amacr;n), <hw>Al"man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>Aleman</i>, F. <i>Allemand</i>, fr. L. <i>Alemanni</i>, ancient Ger.
tribes.] [Obs.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A German.</def> Also
<pos><i>adj.</i></pos>, <def>German.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The German language.</def>  <i>J. Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of dance. See <u>Allemande</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Almain rivets</b></col>, <col><b>Almayne rivets</b></col>, or
<col><b>Alman rivets</b></col>, <cd>a sort of light armor from Germany,
characterized by overlapping plates, arranged to slide on rivets, and thus
afford great flexibility.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Al"ma Ma"ter</hw> (&?;). [L., fostering mother.] <def>A college or
seminary where one is educated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ma*nac</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>almanac</i>,
<i>almanach</i>: cf. F. <i>almanach</i>, Sp. <i>almanaque</i>, It.
<i>almanacco</i>, all of uncertain origin.] <def>A book or table,
containing a calendar of days, and months, to which astronomical data and
various statistics are often added, such as the times of the rising and
setting of the sun and moon, eclipses, hours of full tide, stated festivals
of churches, terms of courts, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nautical almanac</b></col>, <cd>an almanac, or year book,
containing astronomical calculations (lunar, stellar, etc.), and other
information useful to mariners.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 43 !></p>

<p><hw>Al"man*dine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>almandina</i>,
<i>alamandina</i>, for L. <i>alabandina</i> a precious stone, named after
<i>Alabanda</i>, a town in Caria, where it was first and chiefly found: cf.
F. <i>almandine</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The common red variety of
garnet.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Al"me</hw>, <hw>||Al"meh</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Ar. '<i>almah</i> (fem.) learned, fr. <i>'alama</i> to know: cf. F.
<i>alm&eacute;e</i>.] <def>An Egyptian dancing girl; an Alma.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Almehs</i> lift their arms in dance.<BR>
<i>Bayard Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Al`men*dron"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr.
<i>almendra</i> almond.] <def>The lofty Brazil-nut tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"mer*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ambry</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Alm"esse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Alms</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Al*might"ful</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al*might"i*ful</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>All-powerful; almighty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*might"i*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With almighty
power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*might"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Omnipotence;
infinite or boundless power; unlimited might.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*might"y</hw> (&add;l*m&imacr;t"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>ealmihtig</i>, <i>&aelig;lmihtig</i>; <i>eal</i> (OE. <i>al</i>)
all + <i>mihtig</i> mighty.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unlimited in might;
omnipotent; all-powerful; irresistible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am the <i>Almighty</i> God.<BR>
<i>Gen. xvii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Great; extreme; terrible.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>Poor Aroar can not live, and can not die, -- so that he is
in an <i>almighty</i> fix.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>The Almighty</b></col>, <cd>the omnipotent God.</cd>  <i>Rev. i.
8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Alm"ner</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An almoner.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Alm"ond</hw> (&auml;"m&ubreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>almande</i>, <i>almaunde</i>, <i>alemaunde</i>, F. <i>amande</i>, L.
<i>amygdala</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>'amygda`lh</grk>: cf. Sp. <i>almendra</i>.
Cf. <u>Amygdalate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fruit of the almond
tree.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The different kinds, as bitter, sweet, thin-shelled, thick-
shelled almonds, and Jordan almonds, are the products of different
varieties of the one species, <i>Amygdalus communis</i>, a native of the
Mediterranean region and western Asia.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tree that bears the fruit; almond
tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything shaped like an almond.</def>
Specifically: <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the tonsils.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Almond oil</b></col>, <cd>fixed oil expressed from sweet or
bitter almonds.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil of bitter almonds</b></col>, <cd>a
poisonous volatile oil obtained from bitter almonds by maceration and
distillation; benzoic aldehyde.</cd> -- <col><b>Imitation oil of bitter
almonds</b></col>, <cd>nitrobenzene.</cd> -- <col><b>Almond tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the tree bearing the almond.</cd> -- <col><b>Almond
willow</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a willow which has leaves that are of a
light green on both sides; almond-leaved willow (<i>Salix
amygdalina</i>).</cd>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"mond fur`nace</hw> (&?;). [Prob. a corruption of <i>Almain
furnace</i>, <i>i. e.</i>, German furnace. See <u>Almain</u>.] <def>A kind
of furnace used in refining, to separate the metal from cinders and other
foreign matter.</def>  <i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"mon*dine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Almandine</u></def></p>

<p><hw>Al"mon*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aumener</i>,
<i>aulmener</i>, OF. <i>almosnier</i>, <i>aumosnier</i>, F.
<i>aum&ocirc;nier</i>, fr. OF. <i>almosne</i>, alms, L. <i>eleemosyna</i>.
See <u>Alms</u>.] <def>One who distributes alms, esp. the doles and alms of
religious houses, almshouses, etc.; also, one who dispenses alms for
another, as the <i>almoner</i> of a prince, bishop, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"mon*er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of an
almoner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"mon*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Almonries</b></plw> (&?;). [OF. <i>aumosnerie</i>, F.
<i>aum&ocirc;nerie</i>, fr. OF. <i>aumosnier</i>. See <u>Almoner</u>.]
<def>The place where an almoner resides, or where alms are
distributed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"mose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Alms.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cheke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"most</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ealm&aelig;st</i>, <i>&aelig;lm&aelig;st</i>, quite the most, almost
all; <i>eal</i> (OE. <i>al</i>) all + <i>m&?;st</i> most.] <def>Nearly;
well nigh; all but; for the greatest part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Almost</i> thou persuadest me to be a Christian.<BR>
<i>Acts xxvi. 28.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Almost never</b></col>, <cd>scarcely ever.</cd> --
<col><b>Almost nothing</b></col>, <cd>scarcely anything.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Alm"ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Almonry</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Alms</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [OE. <i>almes</i>,
<i>almesse</i>, AS. <i>&aelig;lmysse</i>, fr. L. <i>eleemosyna</i>, Gr. &?;
mercy, charity, alms, fr. &?; to pity. Cf. <u>Almonry</u>,
<u>Eleemosynary</u>.] <def>Anything given gratuitously to relieve the poor,
as money, food, or clothing; a gift of charity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A devout man . . . which gave much <i>alms</i> to the
people.<BR>
<i>Acts x. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Alms</i> are but the vehicles of prayer.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Tenure by free alms</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Frankalmoign</u>.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word <i>alms</i> is singular in its form (<i>almesse</i>),
and is sometimes so used; as, "asked an <i>alms</i>." <i>Acts iii.
3.</i>"Received an <i>alms</i>." <i>Shak.</i> It is now, however, commonly
a collective or plural noun. It is much used in composition, as
<i>alms</i>giver, <i>alms</i>giving, alms bag, <i>alms</i> chest, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Alms"deed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An act of
charity.</def>  <i>Acts ix. 36.</i></p>

<p><hw>Alms"folk`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Persons supported
by alms; almsmen.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Alms"giv`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A giver of
alms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Alms"giv`ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The giving of
alms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Alms"house`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house
appropriated for the use of the poor; a poorhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Alms"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>fem.</i>
<u>Almswoman</u>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A recipient of alms.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A giver of alms.</def> [R.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`mu*can"tar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>almucantarat</i>, <i>almicantarat</i>, ultimately fr. Ar. <i>al-
muqantar&amacr;t</i>, pl., fr. <i>qantara</i> to bend, arch.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A small circle of the sphere parallel to the horizon;
a circle or parallel of altitude. Two stars which have the same
<i>almucantar</i> have the same altitude. See <u>Almacantar</u>.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><col><b>Almucanter staff</b></col>, <cd>an ancient instrument, having an
arc of fifteen degrees, formerly used at sea to take observations of the
sun's amplitude at the time of its rising or setting, to find the variation
of the compass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al"muce</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Amice</u>,
a hood or cape.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*mude"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>almude</i>, or
Sp. <i>almud</i>, a measure of grain or dry fruit, fr. Ar. <i>al-mudd</i> a
dry measure.] <def>A measure for liquids in several countries. In Portugal
the Lisbon almude is about 4.4, and the Oporto almude about 6.6, gallons U.
S. measure. In Turkey the "almud" is about 1.4 gallons.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al"mug</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al"gum</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Heb., perh. borrowed fr. Skr. <i>valguka</i> sandalwood.] <i>(Script.)</i>
<def>A tree or wood of the Bible (2 Chron. ii. 8; 1 K. x. 11).</def></p>

<p>&fist; Most writers at the present day follow Celsius, who takes it to
be the red sandalwood of China and the Indian Archipelago.  <i>W.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"nage</hw> (&abreve;l"n&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, [OF.
<i>alnage</i>, <i>aulnage</i>, F. <i>aunage</i>, fr. OF. <i>alne</i> ell,
of Ger. origin: cf. OHG. <i>elina</i>, Goth. <i>aleina</i>, cubit. See
<u>Ell</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>Measurement (of cloth) by the ell;
also, a duty for such measurement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"na*ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Alnage</u>.]
<def>A measure by the ell; formerly a sworn officer in England, whose duty
was to inspect and measure woolen cloth, and fix upon it a seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"oe</hw> (&abreve;l"n&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aloes</b></plw> (-&omacr;z). [L. <i>alo&euml;</i>, Gr.
<grk>'alo`h</grk>, aloe: cf. OF. <i>aloe</i>, F. <i>alo&egrave;s</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The wood of the agalloch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of succulent plants, some
classed as trees, others as shrubs, but the greater number having the habit
and appearance of evergreen herbaceous plants; from some of which are
prepared articles for medicine and the arts. They are natives of warm
countries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The inspissated juice
of several species of aloe, used as a purgative.</def> [Plural in form but
syntactically singular.]</p>

<p><col><b>American aloe</b></col>, <col><b>Century aloe</b></col>, <cd>the
agave. See <u>Agave</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al"oes wood`</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Agalloch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`o*et"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alo&eacute;tique</i>.] <def>Consisting chiefly of aloes; of the nature
of aloes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`o*et"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine containing
chiefly aloes.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*loft"</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>loft</i>, which properly meant <i>air</i>. See <u>Loft</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On high; in the air; high above the ground.</def>
"He steers his flight <i>aloft</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>In the top; at the mast head, or
on the higher yards or rigging; overhead; hence (Fig. and Colloq.), in or
to heaven.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*loft"</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Above; on top of.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fresh waters run <i>aloft</i> the sea.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*lo"gi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>Alogiani</i>,
<i>Alogii</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; word.] <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>One of an ancient sect who rejected St. John's Gospel and the
Apocalypse, which speak of Christ as the Logos.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alogia</i>, Gr. &?;,
fr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; reason.] <def>Unreasonableness;
absurdity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Al"o*in</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
bitter purgative principle in aloes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"o*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, salt + <i>-
mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>alomancie</i>, <i>halomancie</i>.] <def>Divination by
means of salt.</def> [Spelt also <i>halomancy</i>.]  <i>Morin.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*lone"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>All</i> + <i>one</i>.
OE. <i>al one</i> all allone, AS. <i>&amacr;n one</i>, alone. See
<u>All</u>, <u>One</u>, <u>Lone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quite by
one's self; apart from, or exclusive of, others; single; solitary; --
applied to a person or thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Alone</i> on a wide, wide sea.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not good that the man should be <i>alone</i>.<BR>
<i>Gen. ii. 18.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or by itself; by themselves; without any
thing more or any one else; without a sharer; only.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man shall not live by bread <i>alone</i>.<BR>
<i>Luke iv. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The citizens <i>alone</i> should be at the expense.<BR>
<i>Franklin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sole; only; exclusive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God, by whose <i>alone</i> power and conversation we all
live, and move, and have our being.<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence; Unique; rare; matchless.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The adjective <i>alone</i> commonly follows its noun.</p>

<p><col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>let or leave</b></col>
<col><b>alone</b></col>, <cd>to abstain from interfering with or molesting;
to suffer to remain in its present state.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*lone"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Solely; simply;
exclusively.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lone"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Only; merely;
singly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This said spirit was not given <i>alonely</i> unto him, but
unto all his heirs and posterity.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*lone"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exclusive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*lone"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of being alone,
or without company; solitariness.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*long"</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>along</i>,
<i>anlong</i>, AS. <i>andlang</i>, <i>along</i>; pref. <i>and-</i> (akin to
OFris. <i>ond-</i>, OHG. <i>ant-</i>, Ger. <i>ent-</i>, Goth. <i>and-</i>,
<i>anda-</i>, L. <i>ante</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>anti</i>, over against) +
<i>lang</i> long. See <u>Long</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>By the length;
in a line with the length; lengthwise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some laid <i>along</i> . . . on spokes of wheels are
hung.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a line, or with a progressive motion; onward;
forward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We will go <i>along</i> by the king's highway.<BR>
<i>Numb. xxi. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He struck with his o'ertaking wings,<BR>
And chased us south <i>along</i>.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In company; together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He to England shall <i>along</i> with you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>All along</b></col>, <cd>all through the course of; during the
whole time; throughout.</cd>  "I have <i>all along</i> declared this to be
a neutral paper." <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To get along</b></col>, <cd>to
get on; to make progress, as in business.</cd> "She 'll <i>get along</i> in
heaven better than you or I." <i>Mrs. Stowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*long"</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>By the length of, as
distinguished from <i>across</i>.</def>  "<i>Along</i> the lowly lands."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The kine . . . went <i>along</i> the highway.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. vi. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*long"</hw>. [AS. <i>gelang</i> owing to.] <def>(Now heard only in
the prep. phrase <i>along of</i>.)</def></p>

<p><col><b>Along of</b></col>, <col><b>Along on</b></col>, often shortened
to <col><b>Long of</b></col>, <pos><i>prep. phr.</i></pos>, <cd>owing to;
on account of.</cd> [Obs. or Low. Eng.] "<i>On</i> me is not <i>along</i>
thin evil fare." <i>Chaucer.</i> "And all this is <i>long of</i> you."
<i>Shak.</i> "This increase of price is all <i>along of</i> the
foreigners." <i>London Punch.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*long"shore`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Along the
shore or coast.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*long"shore`man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Longshoreman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*long"side`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Along or by the
side; side by side with; -- often with <i>of</i>; as, bring the boat
<i>alongside</i>; <i>alongside</i> of him; <i>alongside</i> of the
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*longst"</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>prep. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [Formed fr.
along, like <i>amongst</i> fr. <i>among</i>.] <def>Along.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*loof"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Alewife</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*loof"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>loof</i>,
fr. D. <i>loef</i> luff, and so meaning, as a nautical word, to the
windward. See <u>Loof</u>, <u>Luff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At or from
a distance, but within view, or at a small distance; apart; away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our palace stood <i>aloof</i> from streets.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without sympathy; unfavorably.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make the Bible as from the hand of God, and then to look
at it <i>aloof</i> and with caution, is the worst of all impieties.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*loof"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Away from; clear
from.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rivetus . . . would fain work himself <i>aloof</i> these
rocks and quicksands.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*loof"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
aloof.</def>  <i>Rogers (1642).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . <i>aloofness</i> of his dim forest life.<BR>
<i>Thoreau.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Al`o*pe"ci*a</hw> (&abreve;l`&osl;*p&emacr;"sh&ibreve;*&adot;),
<hw>A*lop"e*cy</hw> (&adot;*l&obreve;p"&esl;*s&ybreve;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alopecia</i>, Gr. <grk>'alwpeki`a</grk>, fr.
<grk>'alw`phx</grk> fox, because loss of the hair is common among foxes.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Loss of the hair; baldness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lop"e*cist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A practitioner
who tries to prevent or cure baldness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lose"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aloser</i>.]
<def>To praise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A"lose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>alosa</i> or
<i>alausa</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European shad (<i>Clupea
alosa</i>); -- called also <i>allice shad</i> or <i>allis shad</i>. The
name is sometimes applied to the American shad (<i>Clupea sapidissima</i>).
See <u>Shad</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`ou*atte"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain
origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the several species of howling
monkeys of South America. See <u>Howler, 2</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*loud"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>loud</i>.] <def>With a loud voice, or great noise; loudly;
audibly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cry <i>aloud</i>, spare not, lift up thy voice.<BR>
<i>Isa. lviii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*low"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>low</i>.] <def>Below; in a lower part.</def> "Aloft, and then
<i>alow</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Alp</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Alpes</i> the Alps, said
to be of Celtic origin; cf. Gael. <i>alp</i> a high mountain, Ir.
<i>ailp</i> any huge mass or lump: cf. F. <i>Alpes</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A very high mountain. Specifically, in the plural, the highest chain
of mountains in Europe, containing the lofty mountains of Switzerland,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor breath of vernal air from snowy <i>alp</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Hills peep o'er hills, and <i>alps</i> on <i>alps</i>
arise.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Something lofty, or massive, or very hard
to be surmounted.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The plural form <i>Alps</i> is sometimes used as a singular. "The
<i>Alps</i> doth spit."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Alp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bullfinch.</def>  <i>Rom. of
R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*pac"a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>alpaca</i>, fr.
the original Peruvian name of the animal. Cf. <u>Paco</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal of Peru (<i>Lama
paco</i>), having long, fine, wooly hair, supposed by some to be a
domesticated variety of the llama.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wool of the alpaca.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thin kind of cloth made of the wooly hair of
the alpaca, often mixed with silk or with cotton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"pen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Alps.</def> [R.] "The <i>Alpen</i> snow."  <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Al"pen*stock`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.; <i>Alp</i>,
gen. pl. <i>Alpen</i> + <i>stock</i> stick.] <def>A long staff, pointed
with iron, used in climbing the Alps.</def>  <i>Cheever.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*pes"trine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Alpestris</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to the Alps, or other high mountains; as, <i>Alpestrine</i>
diseases, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"pha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alpha</i>, Gr.
<grk>'a`lfa</grk>, from Heb. <i>&amacr;leph</i>, name of the first letter
in the alphabet, also meaning <i>ox</i>.] <def>The first letter in the
Greek alphabet, answering to A, and hence used to denote the
<i>beginning</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In am <i>Alpha</i> and Omega, the beginning and the end, the
first and the last.<BR>
<i>Rev. xxii. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Formerly used also denote the <i>chief</i>; as, Plato was the
<i>alpha</i> of the wits.</p>

<p>&fist; In cataloguing stars, the brightest star of a constellation in
designated by Alpha (&alpha;); as, &alpha; Lyr&aelig;.</p>

<p><hw>Al"pha*bet</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alphabetum</i>,
fr. Gr. &?; + &?;, the first two Greek letters; Heb. <i>&amacr;leph</i> and
<i>beth</i>: cf. F. <i>alphabet</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The letters
of a language arranged in the customary order; the series of letters or
signs which form the elements of written language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The simplest rudiments; elements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The very <i>alphabet</i> of our law.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Deaf and dumb alphabet</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Dactylology</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al"pha*bet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To designate by the
letters of the alphabet; to arrange alphabetically.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Al`pha*bet*a"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A learner
of the alphabet; an abecedarian.</def>  <i>Abp. Sancroft.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al`pha*bet"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al`pha*bet"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>alphab&eacute;tique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, furnished with, expressed by, or in
the order of, the letters of the alphabet; as, <i>alphabetic</i>
characters, writing, languages, arrangement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Literal.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Alphabetical</i>
servility."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`pha*bet"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
alphabetic manner; in the customary order of the letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`pha*bet"ics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science of
representing spoken sounds by letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"pha*bet*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The expression
of spoken sounds by an alphabet.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"pha*bet*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To arrange alphabetically; as, to
<i>alphabetize</i> a list of words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with an alphabet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al-phit"o*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; barley
meal + -<i>mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>alphitomancie</i>.] <def>Divination by
means of barley meal.</def>  <i>Knowles.</i></p>

<p><! p. 44 !></p>

<p><hw>Al*phon"sine</hw> (&abreve;l*f&obreve;n"s&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to Alphonso X., the Wise, King of
Castile (1252-1284).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Alphonsine tables</b></col>, <cd>astronomical tables prepared
under the patronage of Alphonso the Wise.</cd>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"pi*gene</hw> (&abreve;l"p&ibreve;*j&emacr;n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Alpes</i> Alps + <i>-gen</i>.] <def>Growing in
Alpine regions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"pine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Alpinus</i>, fr.
<i>Alpes</i> the Alps: cf. F. <i>Alpin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Alps, or to any lofty mountain; as, <i>Alpine</i> snows;
<i>Alpine</i> plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like the Alps; lofty.</def> "Gazing up an
<i>Alpine</i> height."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"pin*ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A climber of the
Alps.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al"pist</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al"pi*a</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.: cf. Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>alpiste</i>.] <def>The seed of canary grass
(<i>Phalaris Canariensis</i>), used for feeding cage birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al"qui*fou</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Equiv. to
<i>arquifoux</i>, F. <i>alquifoux</i>, Sp. <i>alquif&oacute;l</i>, fr. the
same Arabic word as <i>alcohol</i>. See <u>Alcohol</u>.] <def>A lead ore
found in Cornwall, England, and used by potters to give a green glaze to
their wares; potter's ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*read"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>All</i> (OE.
<i>al</i>) + <i>ready</i>.] <def>Prior to some specified time, either past,
present, or future; by this time; previously.</def> "Joseph was in Egypt
<i>already</i>."  <i>Exod. i. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I say unto you, that Elias is come <i>already</i>.<BR>
<i>Matt. xvii. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; It has reference to past time, but may be used for a future past;
as, when you shall arrive, the business will be <i>already</i> completed,
or will have been <i>already</i> completed.</p>

<p><hw>Als</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Also.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*sa"tian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
Alsatia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*sa"tian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of Alsatia
or Alsace in Germany, or of Alsatia or White Friars (a resort of debtors
and criminals) in London.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al` se"gno</hw> (&?;). [It., to the mark or sign.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A direction for the performer to return and recommence from the sign
&?;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"sike</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Alsike</i>, in
Sweden.] <def>A species of clover with pinkish or white flowers;
<i>Trifolium hybridum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"so</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos> [<i>All</i> +
<i>so</i>. OE. <i>al so</i>, AS. <i>ealsw&amacr;</i>, <i>alsw&?;</i>,
<i>&aelig;lsw&aelig;</i>; <i>eal</i>, <i>al</i>, <i>&aelig;l</i>, all +
<i>sw&amacr;</i> so. See <u>All</u>, <u>So</u>, <u>As</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In like manner; likewise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In addition; besides; as well; further;
too.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven . . . for where
your treasure is, there will your heart be <i>also</i>.<BR>
<i>Matt. vi. 20.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Even as; as; so.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Also</u>, <u>Likewise</u>, <u>Too</u>.  These words
are used by way of <i>transition</i>, in leaving one thought and passing to
another. <i>Also</i> is the widest term. It denotes that what follows is
<i>all so</i>, or entirely like that which preceded, or may be affirmed
with the same truth; as, "If you were there, I was there <i>also</i>;" "If
our situation has some discomforts, it has <i>also</i> many sources of
enjoyment."  <i>Too</i> is simply less formal and pointed than <i>also</i>;
it marks the transition with a lighter touch; as, "I was there <i>too</i>;"
"a courtier yet a patriot <i>too</i>." <i>Pope.</i> <i>Likewise</i> denotes
literally "in like manner," and hence has been thought by some to be more
specific than <i>also</i>. "It implies," says Whately, "some connection or
agreement between the words it unites. We may say, &lsquo; He is a poet,
and <i>likewise</i> a musician; ' but we should not say, &lsquo; He is a
<i>prince</i>, and <i>likewise</i> a musician,' because there is no natural
connection between these qualities." This distinction, however, is often
disregarded.</p>

<p><hw>Alt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [See <u>Alto</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The higher part of the scale. See <u>Alto</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be in alt</b></col>, <cd>to be in an exalted state of
mind.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al*ta"ian</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al*ta"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>alta&iuml;que</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Altai, a
mountain chain in Central Asia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"tar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>alter</i>,
<i>auter</i>, <i>autier</i>, fr. L. <i>altare</i>, pl. <i>altaria</i>,
altar, prob. fr. <i>altus</i> high: cf. OF. <i>alter</i>, <i>autier</i>, F.
<i>autel</i>. Cf. <u>Altitude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A raised
structure (as a square or oblong erection of stone or wood) on which
sacrifices are offered or incense burned to a deity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Noah builded an <i>altar</i> unto the Lord.<BR>
<i>Gen. viii. 20.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the Christian church, a construction of
stone, wood, or other material for the celebration of the Holy Eucharist;
the communion table.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Altar</i> is much used adjectively, or as the first part of a
compound; as, <i>altar</i> bread or <i>altar</i>-bread.</p>

<p><col><b>Altar cloth</b></col> or <col><b>Altar-cloth</b></col>, <cd>the
cover for an altar in a Christian church, usually richly embroidered.</cd>
-- <col><b>Altar cushion</b></col>, <cd>a cushion laid upon the altar in a
Christian church to support the service book.</cd> -- <col><b>Altar
frontal</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Frontal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Altar
rail</b></col>, <cd>the railing in front of the altar or communion
table.</cd> -- <col><b>Altar screen</b></col>, <cd>a wall or partition
built behind an altar to protect it from approach in the rear.</cd> --
<col><b>Altar tomb</b></col>, <cd>a tomb resembling an altar in shape,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Family altar</b></col>, <cd>place of family
devotions.</cd> -- <col><b>To lead (as a bride) to the altar</b></col>,
<cd>to marry; -- said of a woman.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al"tar*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>auterage</i>, <i>autelage</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The offerings
made upon the altar, or to a church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The profit which accrues to the priest, by
reason of the altar, from the small tithes.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"tar*ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>altarista</i>, F. <i>altariste</i>.] <i>(Old Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A chaplain.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A vicar
of a church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"tar*piece`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The painting or
piece of sculpture above and behind the altar; reredos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"tar*wise`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the proper
position of an altar, that is, at the east of a church with its ends
towards the north and south.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Alt*az"i*muth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>All</i>tude +
<i>azimuth</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An instrument for taking azimuths
and altitudes simultaneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Altered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Altering</u>.] [F. <i>alt&eacute;rer</i>, LL. <i>alterare</i>, fr. L.
<i>alter</i> other, <i>alius</i> other. Cf. <u>Else</u>, <u>Other</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make otherwise; to change in some respect,
either partially or wholly; to vary; to modify.</def>  "To <i>alter</i> the
king's course."  "To <i>alter</i> the condition of a man."  "No power in
Venice can <i>alter</i> a decree."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It gilds all objects, but it <i>alters</i> none.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>My covenant will I not break, nor <i>alter</i> the thing
that is gone out of my lips.<BR>
<i>Ps. lxxxix. 34.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To agitate; to affect mentally.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To geld.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Change</u>, <u>Alter</u>.  <i>Change</i> is generic
and the stronger term. It may express a loss of identity, or the
substitution of one thing in place of another; <i>alter</i> commonly
expresses a partial change, or a change in form or details without
destroying identity.</p>

<p><hw>Al"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become, in some
respects, different; to vary; to change; as, the weather <i>alters</i>
almost daily; rocks or minerals <i>alter</i> by exposure.</def> "The law of
the Medes and Persians, which <i>altereth</i> not."  <i>Dan. vi. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`ter*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alt&eacute;rabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being alterable;
alterableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alt&eacute;rable</i>.] <def>Capable of being altered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our condition in this world is mutable and uncertain,
<i>alterable</i> by a thousand accidents.<BR>
<i>Rogers.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being alterable; variableness; alterability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an alterable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter*ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>alterans</i>, p.
pr.: cf. F. <i>alt&eacute;rant</i>.] <def>Altering; gradually
changing.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter*ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An alterative.</def> [R.]
<i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`ter*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alt&eacute;ration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of altering or
making different.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Alteration</i>, though it be from worse to better, hath
in it incoveniences.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being altered; a change made in the
form or nature of a thing; changed condition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere long might perceive<BR>
Strange <i>alteration</i> in me.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Appius Claudius admitted to the senate the sons of those who
had been slaves; by which, and succeeding <i>alterations</i>, that council
degenerated into a most corrupt.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter*a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>alterativus</i>: cf. F. <i>alt&eacute;ratif</i>.] <def>Causing
ateration.</def> Specifically: <def>Gradually changing, or tending to
change, a morbid state of the functions into one of health.</def>
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter*a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine or
treatment which gradually induces a change, and restores healthy functions
without sensible evacuations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Altercated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Altercating</u>.] [L. <i>altercatus</i>, p. p. of <i>altercare</i>,
<i>altercari</i>, fr. <i>alter</i> another. See <u>Alter</u>.] <def>To
contend in words; to dispute with zeal, heat, or anger; to
wrangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ter*ca"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>altercation</i>, fr. L. <i>altercatio</i>.] <def>Warm contention in
words; dispute carried on with heat or anger; controversy; wrangle; wordy
contest.</def> "Stormy <i>altercations</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Altercation</u>, <u>Dispute</u>, <u>Wrangle</u>.  The
term <i>dispute</i> is in most cases, but not necessarily, applied to a
verbal contest; as, a <i>dispute</i> on the lawfulness of war. An
<i>altercation</i> is an angry dispute between two parties, involving an
interchange of severe language. A <i>wrangle</i> is a confused and noisy
altercation.</p>

<p><blockquote>Their whole life was little else than a perpetual
<i>wrangling</i> and <i>altercation</i>.<BR>
<i>Hakewill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter*ca*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized
by wrangling; scolding.</def> [R.]  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*ter"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>alt&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being other; a
being otherwise.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For outness is but the feeling of otherness
(<i>alterity</i>) rendered intuitive, or <i>alterity</i> visually
represented.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"tern</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alternus</i>, fr.
<i>alter</i> another: cf. F. <i>alterne</i>.] <def>Acting by turns;
alternate.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Altern base</b></col> <i>(Trig.)</i>, <cd>a second side made
base, in distinction from a side previously regarded as base.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al*ter"na*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Alternateness;
alternation.</def> [R.]  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*ter"nant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alternans</i>,
p. pr.: cf. F. <i>alternant</i>. See <u>Alternate</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Composed of alternate layers, as some
rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*ter"nate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>alternatus</i>, p. p. of <i>alternate</i>, fr. <i>alternus</i>. See
<u>Altern</u>, <u>Alter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being or succeeding
by turns; one following the other in succession of time or place; by turns
first one and then the other; hence, reciprocal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And bid <i>alternate</i> passions fall and rise.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Designating the members in a series, which
regularly intervene between the members of another series, as the odd or
even numbers of the numerals; every other; every second; as, the
<i>alternate</i> members 1, 3, 5, 7, etc. ; read every <i>alternate</i>
line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Distributed, as leaves, singly at
different heights of the stem, and at equal intervals as respects angular
divergence.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Alternate alligation</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Alligation</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Alternate angles</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the internal and
angles made by two lines with a third, on opposite sides of it. It the
parallels AB, CD, are cut by the line EF, the angles AGH, GHD, as also the
angles BGH and GHC, are called <i>alternate angles</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Alternate generation</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Generation</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al*ter"nate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which alternates with something else; vicissitude.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Grateful <i>alternates</i> of substantial.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A substitute; one designated to take the place
of another, if necessary, in performing some duty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A proportion derived from another
proportion by interchanging the means.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter*nate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Alternated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Alternating</u>.] [L. <i>alternatus</i>, p. p. of <i>alternare</i>. See
<u>Altern</u>.] <def>To perform by turns, or in succession; to cause to
succeed by turns; to interchange regularly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most high God, in all things appertaining unto this
life, for sundry wise ends <i>alternates</i> the disposition of good and
evil.<BR>
<i>Grew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
happen, succeed, or act by turns; to follow reciprocally in place or time;
-- followed by <i>with</i>; as, the flood and ebb tides <i>alternate</i>
with each other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rage, shame, and grief <i>alternate</i> in his breast.<BR>
<i>J. Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Different species <i>alternating</i> with each other.<BR>
<i>Kirwan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To vary by turns; as, the land <i>alternates</i>
between rocky hills and sandy plains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*ter"nate*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In reciprocal succession; succeeding by turns; in alternate
order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>By alternation; when, in a
proportion, the antecedent term is compared with antecedent, and
consequent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*ter"nate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being alternate, or of following by turns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ter*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>alternatio</i>: cf. F. <i>alternation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
reciprocal succession of things in time or place; the act of following and
being followed by turns; alternate succession, performance, or occurrence;
as, the <i>alternation</i> of day and night, cold and heat, summer and
winter, hope and fear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Permutation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The response of the congregation speaking
alternately with the minister.</def>  <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Alternation of generation</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Generation</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al*ter"na*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alternatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Offering a choice of two
things.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disjunctive; as, an <i>alternative</i>
conjunction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Alternate; reciprocal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*ter"na*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>alternative</i>, LL. <i>alternativa</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
offer of two things, one of which may be chosen, but not both; a choice
between two things, so that if one is taken, the other must be
left.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is something else than the mere <i>alternative</i> of
absolute destruction or unreformed existence.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Either of two things or propositions offered to
one's choice. Thus when <i>two</i> things offer a choice of <i>one</i>
only, the two things are called <u>alternatives</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Having to choose between two <i>alternatives</i>, safety and
war, you obstinately prefer the worse.<BR>
<i>Jowett (Thucyd.).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The course of action or the thing offered in
place of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If this demand is refused the <i>alternative</i> is war.<BR>
<i>Lewis.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>With no <i>alternative</i> but death.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A choice between more than two things; one of
several things offered to choose among.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My decided preference is for the fourth and last of these
<i>alternatives</i>.<BR>
<i>Gladstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al*ter"na*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of
alternatives, or that admits the choice of one out of two things.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*ter"na*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being alternative, or of offering a choice between two.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*ter"ni*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>alternitas</i>.] <def>Succession by turns; alternation.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Al*th&aelig;"a</hw>, <hw>||Al*the"a</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [althaea, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A genus of plants of the Mallow family. It includes the officinal
marsh mallow, and the garden hollyhocks.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
ornamental shrub (<i>Hibiscus Syriacus</i>) of the Mallow family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*the"ine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Asparagine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*tho"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Although.</def>
[Reformed spelling]</p>

<p><hw>Alt"horn`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Alt</i> +
<i>horn</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument of the saxhorn family, used
exclusively in military music, often replacing the French horn.</def>
<i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*though"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [<i>All</i> +
<i>though</i>; OE. <i>al thagh</i>.] <def>Grant all this; be it that;
supposing that; notwithstanding; though.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Although</i> all shall be offended, yet will not I.<BR>
<i>Mark xiv. 29.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Although</u>, <u>Though</u>.  <i>Although</i>, which
originally was perhaps more emphatic than <i>though</i>, is now
interchangeable with it in the sense given above. Euphonic consideration
determines the choice.</p>

<p><hw>Al*til"o*quence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lofty speech;
pompous language.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*til"o*quent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>altus</i>
(adv. <i>alte</i>) high + <i>loquens</i>, p. pr. of <i>loqui</i> to speak.]
<def>High-sounding; pompous in speech.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*tim"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>altimeter</i>;
<i>altus</i> high + <i>metrum</i>, Gr. &?;, measure: cf. F.
<i>altim&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument for taking altitudes, as a
quadrant, sextant, etc.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*tim"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>altim&eacute;trie</i>.] <def>The art of measuring altitudes, or
heights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*tin"car</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tincal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ti*scope</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>altus</i> high +
Gr. &?; to view.] <def>An arrangement of lenses and mirrors which enables a
person to see an object in spite of intervening objects.</def></p>

<p><! p. 45  !></p>

<p><hw>Al*tis"o*nant</hw> (&abreve;l*t&ibreve;s"&osl;*n<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>altus</i> high + <i>sonans</i>, p. pr. of
<i>sonare</i> to sound.] <def>High-sounding; lofty or pompous.</def>
<i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*tis"o*nous</hw> (-n&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>altisonus</i>.] <def>Altisonant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*tis"si*mo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.; superl. of
<i>alto</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The part or notes situated above F in
alt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ti*tude</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>altitudo</i>, fr.
<i>altus</i> high. Cf. <u>Altar</u>, <u>Haughty</u>, <u>Enhance</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Space extended upward; height; the perpendicular
elevation of an object above its foundation, above the ground, or above a
given level, or of one object above another; as, the <i>altitude</i> of a
mountain, or of a bird above the top of a tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The elevation of a point, or
star, or other celestial object, above the horizon, measured by the arc of
a vertical circle intercepted between such point and the horizon. It is
either <i>true</i> or <i>apparent</i>; <i>true</i> when measured from the
rational or real <i>horizon</i>, <i>apparent</i> when from the sensible or
apparent horizon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The perpendicular distance from
the base of a figure to the summit, or to the side parallel to the base;
as, the <i>altitude</i> of a triangle, pyramid, parallelogram, frustum,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Height of degree; highest point or
degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is [proud] even to the <i>altitude</i> of his virtue.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Height of rank or excellence; superiority.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Elevation of spirits; heroics;
haughty airs.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The man of law began to get into his <i>altitude</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Meridian altitude</b></col>, <cd>an arc of the meridian
intercepted between the south point on the horizon and any point on the
meridian. See <u>Meridian</u>, 3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al`ti*tu"di*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to height; as, <i>altitudinal</i> measurements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`ti*tu`di*na"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lofty in
doctrine, aims, etc.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al*tiv"o*lant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>altivolans</i>. See <u>Volant</u>.] <def>Flying high.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Altos</b></plw> (&?;). [It. <i>alto</i> high, fr. L. <i>altus</i>.
Cf. <u>Alt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Formerly the part
sung by the highest male, or counter-tenor, voices; now the part sung by
the lowest female, or contralto, voices, between in tenor and soprano. In
<i>instrumental</i> music it now signifies the tenor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An alto singer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Alto clef</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>the counter-tenor clef, or
the C clef, placed so that the two strokes include the middle line of the
staff.</cd>  <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`to*geth"er</hw> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>altogedere</i>; <i>al</i> all + <i>togedere</i> together. See
<u>Together</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>All together; conjointly.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Altogether</i> they went at once.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without exception; wholly; completely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man at his best state is <i>altogether</i> vanity.<BR>
<i>Ps. xxxix. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al*tom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>altus</i> high
+ <i>-meter</i>.] <def>A theodolite.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"to-re*lie"vo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Alto-
rilievo.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al"to-ri*lie*vo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Alto-rilievos</b></plw> (&?;). [It.] <i>(Sculp.)</i> <def>High
relief; sculptured work in which the figures project more than half their
thickness; as, this figure is an <i>alto-rilievo</i> or in <i>alto-
rilievo</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When the figure stands only half out, it is called <i>mezzo-
rilievo</i>, <i>demi-rilievo</i>, or medium relief; when its projection is
less than one half, <i>basso-rilievo</i>, <i>bas-relief</i>, or low
relief.</p>

<p><hw>Al"tri*cal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like the articles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*tri"ces</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., nourishes,
pl. of <i>altrix</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Nursers, -- a term applied
to those birds whose young are hatched in a very immature and helpless
condition, so as to require the care of their parents for some time; --
opposed to <i>pr&aelig;coces</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"tru*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>altruisme</i> (a
word of Comte's), It. <i>altrui</i> of or to others, fr. L. <i>alter</i>
another.] <def>Regard for others, both natural and moral; devotion to the
interests of others; brotherly kindness; -- opposed to <i>egoism</i> or
<i>selfishness</i>.</def> [Recent]  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"tru*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One imbued with altruism;
-- opposed to <i>egoist</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`tru*is"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>altruiste</i>, a. See <u>Altruism</u>..] <def>Regardful of others;
beneficent; unselfish; -- opposed to <i>egoistic</i> or
<i>selfish</i>.</def> <i>Bain.</i>  -- <wf>Al`tru*is"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Al"u*del</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. &amp; Sp. <i>aludel</i>,
fr. Ar. <i>aluth&amacr;l</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the pear-shaped
pots open at both ends, and so formed as to be fitted together, the neck of
one into the bottom of another in succession; -- used in the process of
sublimation.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Al"u*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of L.
<i>ala</i> a wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A false or bastard wing. See
under <u>Bastard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"u*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the alula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>alum</i>,
<i>alom</i>, OF. <i>alum</i>, F. <i>alun</i>, fr. L. <i>alumen</i> alum.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A double sulphate formed of aluminium and some other
element (esp. an alkali metal) or of aluminium. It has twenty-four
molecules of water of crystallization.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Common <i>alum</i> is the double sulphate of aluminium and
potassium. It is white, transparent, very astringent, and crystallizes
easily in octahedrons. The term is extended so as to include other double
sulphates similar to alum in formula.</p>

<p><hw>Al"um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To steep in, or
otherwise impregnate with, a solution of alum; to treat with alum.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*lu"men</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Alum.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lu"mi*na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alumen</i>,
<i>aluminis</i>. See <u>Alum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the earths,
consisting of two parts of aluminium and three of oxygen,
Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is the oxide of the metal aluminium, the base of aluminous
salts, a constituent of a large part of the earthy siliceous minerals, as
the feldspars, micas, scapolites, etc., and the characterizing ingredient
of common clay, in which it exists as an impure silicate with water,
resulting from the decomposition of other aluminous minerals. In its
natural state, it is the mineral corundum.
</p>

<p><hw>A*lu`mi*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
compound formed from the hydrate of aluminium by the substitution of a
metal for the hydrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lu"mi*na`ted</hw> (&?;). <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Combined with
alumina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"u*mine</hw> (&abreve;l"&usl;*m&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>Alumina.</def>  <i>Davy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`u*min"ic</hw> (&abreve;l`&usl;*m&ibreve;n"&ibreve;l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or containing aluminium; as, <i>aluminic</i>
phosphate.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lu`mi*nif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>alumen</i> alum + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>aluminif&egrave;re</i>.]
<def>Containing alum.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lu"mi*ni*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alumen</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of alumina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`u*min"i*um</hw> (&abreve;l`&usl;*m&ibreve;n"&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>alumen</i>. See <u>Alum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The metallic base of alumina. This metal is white, but with a bluish
tinge, and is remarkable for its resistance to oxidation, and for its
lightness, having a specific gravity of about 2.6. Atomic weight 27.08.
Symbol Al.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aluminium bronze</b></col> or <col><b>gold</b></col>, <cd>a pale
gold-colored alloy of aluminium and copper, used for journal bearings,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*lu"mi*nize</hw> (&adot;*l&umacr;*m&ibreve;*n&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To treat or impregnate with alum; to alum.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lu"mi*nous</hw> (&adot;*l&umacr;*m&ibreve;*n&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aluminosus</i>, fr.  <i>alumen</i> alum: cf. F.
<i>alumineux</i>.] <def>Pertaining to or containing alum, or alumina; as,
<i>aluminous</i> minerals, <i>aluminous</i> solution.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lu"mi*num</hw> (&adot;*l&umacr;*m&ibreve;*n&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Aluminium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"um*ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat like
alum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*lum"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. fem.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Alumn&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;) . [L. See <u>Alumnus</u>.] <def>A
female pupil; especially, a graduate of a school or college.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*lum"nus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Alumni</b></plw> (&?;). [L., fr. <i>alere</i> to nourish.] <def>A
pupil; especially, a graduate of a college or other seminary of
learning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"um root`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A North American herb
(<i>Heuchera Americana</i>) of the Saxifrage family, whose root has
astringent properties.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al"um schist"</hw> (&?;), <hw>Al"um shale"</hw> (&?;), }
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of shale or clay slate, containing iron
pyrites, the decomposition of which leads to the formation of alum, which
often effloresces on the rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"um stone`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A subsulphate of alumina
and potash; alunite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"u*nite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Alum
stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lu"no*gen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>alun</i> alum +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A white fibrous mineral frequently found
on the walls of mines and quarries, chiefly hydrous sulphate of alumina; --
also called <i>feather alum</i>, and <i>hair salt</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ure</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>alure</i>,
<i>aleure</i>, walk, gait, fr. <i>aler</i> (F. <i>aller</i>) to go.] <def>A
walk or passage; -- applied to passages of various kinds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sides of every street were covered with fresh
<i>alures</i> of marble.<BR>
<i>T. Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"u*ta"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alutacius</i>,
fr. <i>aluta</i> soft leather.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Leathery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of a pale brown color; leather-yellow.</def>
<i>Brande.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al`u*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Alutaceous</u>.] <def>The tanning or dressing of leather.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"ve*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Alvearies</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>alvearium</i>, <i>alveare</i>,
beehive, fr. <i>alveus</i> a hollow vessel, beehive, from <i>alvus</i>
belly, beehive.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A beehive, or something resembling
a beehive.</def>  <i>Barret.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The hollow of the external
ear.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"ve*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alveatus</i>
hollowed out.] <def>Formed or vaulted like a beehive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ve*o*lar</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alveolus</i>
a small hollow or cavity: cf. F. <i>alv&eacute;olaire</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, alveoli or little cells, sacs, or
sockets.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Alveolar processes</b></col>, <cd>the processes of the maxillary
bones, containing the sockets of the teeth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Al"ve*o*la*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Alveolar.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Al"ve*o*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alveolatus</i>,
fr. <i>alveolus</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Deeply pitted, like a
honeycomb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ve*ole</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Alveolus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*ve"o*li*form</hw>
(&abreve;l*v&emacr;"&osl;*l&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>alveolus</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of alveoli, or little
sockets, cells, or cavities.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*ve"o*lus</hw> (&abreve;l*v&emacr;"&osl;*l&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Alveoli</b></plw> (-l&imacr;).
[L., a small hollow or cavity, dim. of <i>alveus</i>: cf. F.
<i>alv&eacute;ole</i>. See <u>Alveary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cell
in a honeycomb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small cavity in a coral,
shell, or fossil</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A small depression, sac, or
vesicle, as the socket of a tooth, the air cells of the lungs, the ultimate
saccules of glands, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al"ve*us</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Alvei</b></plw> (&?;). [L.] <def>The channel of a river.</def>
<i>Weate.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"vine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>alvus</i> belly: cf.
F. <i>alvin</i>.] <def>Of, from, in, or pertaining to, the belly or the
intestines; as, <i>alvine</i> discharges; <i>alvine</i>
concretions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"way</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Always.</def>
[Archaic or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I would not live <i>alway</i>.<BR>
<i>Job vii. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Al"ways</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>All</i> + <i>way</i>.
The <i>s</i> is an adverbial (orig. a genitive) ending.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>At all times; ever; perpetually; throughout all time; continually; as,
God is <i>always</i> the same.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even in Heaven his [Mammon's] looks and thoughts.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constancy during a certain period, or regularly
at stated intervals; invariably; uniformly; -- opposed to <i>sometimes</i>
or <i>occasionally</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>always</i> rides a black galloway.<BR>
<i>Bulwer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||A*lys"sum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, name
of a plant, perh. fr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; raging madness.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of cruciferous plants; madwort. The <i>sweet
alyssum</i> (<i>A. maritimum</i>), cultivated for bouquets, bears small,
white, sweet-scented flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am</hw> (&?;). [AS. <i>am</i>, <i>eom</i>, akin to Gothic <i>im</i>,
Icel. <i>em</i>, Olr. <i>am</i>, Lith. <i>esmi</i>, L. <i>sum</i>., Gr.
&?;, Zend <i>ahmi</i>, Skr. <i>asmi</i>, fr. a root <i>as</i> to be. &?;.
See <u>Are</u>, and cf. <u>Be</u>, <u>Was</u>.] <def>The first person
singular of the verb <i>be</i>, in the indicative mode, present tense. See
<u>Be</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God said unto Moses, I <i>am</i> that <i>am</i>.<BR>
<i>Exod. iii. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>amabilitas</i>.] <def>Lovableness.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The New English Dictionary (Murray) says this word is "usefully
distinct from <i>Amiability</i>."</p>

<p><hw>Am`a*crat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; together +
&?; power.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Amasthenic.</def>  <i>Sir J.
Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Am`a*da*vat"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Indian name. From
<i>Ahmedabad</i>, a city from which it was imported to Europe.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The strawberry finch, a small Indian song bird
(<i>Estrelda amandava</i>), commonly caged and kept for fighting. The
female is olive brown; the male, in summer, mostly crimson; -- called also
<i>red waxbill</i>.</def> [Written also <i>amaduvad</i> and
<i>avadavat</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Am"a*dou</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>amadou</i> tinder,
prop. lure, bait, fr. <i>amadouer</i> to allure, caress, perh. fr. Icel.
<i>mata</i> to feed, which is akin to E. <i>meat</i>.] <def>A spongy,
combustible substance, prepared from fungus (<i>Boletus</i> and
<i>Polyporus</i>) which grows on old trees; German tinder; punk. It has
been employed as a styptic by surgeons, but its common use is as tinder,
for which purpose it is prepared by soaking it in a strong solution of
niter.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*main"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>main</i>. See 2d <u>Main</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>With might; with full force; vigorously; violently;
exceedingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They on the hill, which were not yet come to blows,
perceiving the fewness of their enemies, came down <i>amain</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That striping giant, ill-bred and scoffing, shouts
<i>amain</i>.<BR>
<i>T. Parker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At full speed; in great haste; also, at
once.</def> "They fled <i>amain</i>."  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*main"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>amener</i>. See
<u>Amenable</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To lower, as a sail, a yard,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*main"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To lower
the topsail, in token of surrender; to yield.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mal"gam</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>amalgame</i>,
prob. fr. L. <i>malagma</i>, Gr. &?;, emollient, plaster, poultice, fr. &?;
to make soft, fr. &?; soft.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An alloy of mercury
with another metal or metals; as, an <i>amalgam</i> of tin, bismuth,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Medalists apply the term to soft alloys generally.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mixture or compound of different
things.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A native compound of mercury and
silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mal"gam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &?; i.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>amalgamer</i>] <def>To amalgamate.</def>  <i>Boyle. B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*mal"ga*ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Amalgam</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They divided this their <i>amalgama</i> into a number of
incoherent republics.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*mal"ga*mate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Amalgamated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Amalgamating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To compound or mix, as
quicksilver, with another metal; to unite, combine, or alloy with
mercury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mix, so as to make a uniform compound; to
unite or combine; as, to <i>amalgamate</i> two races; to <i>amalgamate</i>
one race with another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ingratitude is indeed their four cardinal virtues compacted
and <i>amalgamated</i> into one.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*mal"ga*mate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To unite in an amalgam; to blend with another metal, as
quicksilver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To coalesce, as a result of growth; to combine
into a uniform whole; to blend; as, two organs or parts
<i>amalgamate</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*mal"ga*mate</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*mal"ga*ma`ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coalesced; united; combined.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mal`ga*ma"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>amalgamation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or operation of
compounding mercury with another metal; -- applied particularly to the
process of separating gold and silver from their ores by mixing them with
mercury.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mixing or blending of different elements,
races, societies, etc.; also, the result of such combination or blending; a
homogeneous union.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mal"ga*ma*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized
by amalgamation.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mal"ga*ma`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, amalgamates. Specifically: A machine for separating precious
metals from earthy particles by bringing them in contact with a body of
mercury with which they form an amalgam.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mal"ga*mize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
amalgamate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*man"dine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>amande</i>
almond. See <u>Almond</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The vegetable casein of
almonds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cold cream prepared from almonds, for
chapped hands, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*man"i*tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a sort of
fungus.] <def>The poisonous principle of some fungi.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*man`u*en"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Amanuenses</b></plw> (&?;). [L., fr. <i>a</i>, <i>ab</i> +
<i>manus</i> hand.] <def>A person whose employment is to write what another
dictates, or to copy what another has written.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*mar"a*cus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<def>A fragrant flower.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"a*rant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Amaranth, 1.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`a*ran*ta"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants of which the
amaranth is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"a*ranth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amarantus</i>,
Gr. &?;, unfading, amaranth; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to quench, cause to
wither, fr. a root meaning to die, akin to E. <i>mortal</i>; -- so called
because its flowers do not soon wither: cf. F. <i>amarante</i>. The
spelling with <i>th</i> seems to be due to confusion with Gr. &?; flower.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An imaginary flower supposed never to fade.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of ornamental annual
plants (<i>Amaranthus</i>) of many species, with green, purplish, or
crimson flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A color inclining to purple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`a*ran"thine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to amaranth.</def> "<i>Amaranthine</i> bowers."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><! p. 46 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unfading, as the poetic amaranth;
undying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They only <i>amaranthine</i> flower on earth<BR>
Is virtue.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of a purplish color.</def>  <i>Buchanan.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Am`a*ran"thus</hw> (&abreve;m`&adot;*r&abreve;n"th&ubreve;s),
<hw>||Am`a*ran"tus</hw> (&abreve;m`&adot;*r&abreve;n"t&ubreve;s), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Amaranth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"a*rine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amarus</i>
bitter.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A characteristic crystalline substance,
obtained from oil of bitter almonds.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mar"i*tude</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amaritudo</i>,
fr. <i>amarus</i> bitter: cf. OF. <i>amaritude</i>.] <def>Bitterness.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Am`a*ryl`li*da"ceous</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am`a*ryl*lid"e*ous</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
resembling, an order of plants differing from the lily family chiefly in
having the ovary below the petals. The narcissus and daffodil are members
of this family.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`a*ryl"lis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Amaryllis</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, the name of a country girl in Theocritus
and Virgil.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pastoral sweetheart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To sport with <i>Amaryllis</i> in the shade.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A family of
plants much esteemed for their beauty, including the narcissus, jonquil,
daffodil, agave, and others.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A genus of the
same family, including the Belladonna lily.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mass"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Amassed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Amassing</u>.] [F. <i>ambusher</i>, LL. amassare; L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>massa</i> lump, mass. See <u>Mass</u>.] <def>To collect into a mass or
heap; to gather a great quantity of; to accumulate; as, to <i>amass</i> a
treasure or a fortune; to <i>amass</i> words or phrases.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The life of Homer has been written by <i>amassing</i> all
the traditions and hints the writers could meet with.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To accumulate; heap up; pile.</p>

<p><hw>A*mass"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>amasse</i>, fr.
<i>ambusher</i>.] <def>A mass; a heap.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mass"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
amassed.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mass"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
amasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`mas`sette"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Amass</u>.] <def>An instrument of horn used for collecting painters'
colors on the stone in the process of grinding.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mass"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>amassement</i>.] <def>An amassing; a heap collected; a large quantity or
number brought together; an accumulation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>amassment</i> of imaginary conceptions.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am`as*then"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; together +
&?; force.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Uniting the chemical rays of light into
one focus, as a certain kind of lens; amacratic.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mate"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>amater</i>,
<i>amatir</i>.] <def>To dismay; to dishearten; to daunt.</def> [Obs. or
Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Silures, to <i>amate</i> the new general, rumored the
overthrow greater than was true.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*mate"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>mate</i>.] <def>To be a mate to; to match.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`a*teur"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>amator</i> lover, fr. <i>amare</i> to love.] <def>A person attached to a
particular pursuit, study, or science as to music or painting; esp. one who
cultivates any study or art, from taste or attachment, without pursuing it
professionally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`a*teur"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In the style of an
amateur; superficial or defective like the work of an amateur.</def>  --
<wf>Am`a*teur"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Am`a*teur"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Am"a*teur*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice,
habit, or work of an amateur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"a*teur`ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
character of an amateur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>amatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>amare</i> to love.] <def>Full of love; amatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"a*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>The
faculty supposed to influence sexual desire; propensity to love.</def>
<i>Combe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`a*to"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Amatorious</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a lover or to love making;
amatory; as, <i>amatorial</i> verses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`a*to"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an amatorial
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`a*to"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Amatory.</def>
[R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`a*to"ri*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>amatorius</i>, fr. <i>amare</i> to love.] <def>Amatory.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Amatorious</i> poem."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
producing, or expressing, sexual love; as, <i>amatory</i>
potions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`au*ro"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
dark, dim.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A loss or decay of sight, from loss of power
in the optic nerve, without any perceptible external change in the eye; --
called also <i>gutta serena</i>, the "<i>drop serene</i>" of
Milton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`au*rot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
amaurosis; having the characteristics of amaurosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*maze"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Amazed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Amazing</u>.] [Pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>maze</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bewilder; to stupefy; to bring into a maze.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A labyrinth to <i>amaze</i> his foes.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To confound, as by fear, wonder, extreme
surprise; to overwhelm with wonder; to astound; to astonish greatly.</def>
"<i>Amazing</i> Europe with her wit."  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And all the people were <i>amazed</i>, and said, Is not this
the son of David?<BR>
<i>Matt. xii. 23.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To astonish; astound; confound; bewilder; perplex;
surprise.  -- <u>Amaze</u>, <u>Astonish</u>. <i>Amazement</i> includes the
notion of bewilderment of difficulty accompanied by surprise. It expresses
a state in which one does not know what to do, or to say, or to think.
Hence we are <i>amazed</i> at what we can not in the least account for.
<i>Astonishment</i> also implies surprise. It expresses a state in which
one is <i>stunned</i> by the vastness or greatness of something, or struck
with some degree of horror, as when one is overpowered by the &?;normity of
an act, etc.</p>

<p><hw>A*maze"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be astounded.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>B. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*maze"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Bewilderment, arising
from fear, surprise, or wonder; amazement.</def> [Chiefly poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The wild, bewildered<BR>
Of one to stone converted by <i>amaze</i>.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*maz"ed*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In amazement;
with confusion or astonishment.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*maz"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
amazed, or confounded with fear, surprise, or wonder.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*maze"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
amazement.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*maze"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The condition of being amazed; bewilderment [Obs.]; overwhelming
wonder, as from surprise, sudden fear, horror, or admiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His words impression left<BR>
Of much <i>amazement</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Frenzy; madness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Webster
(1661).</i></p>

<p><hw>A*maz"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing amazement;
very wonderful; as, <i>amazing</i> grace.</def>  -- <wf>A*maz"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Am"a*zon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of a fabulous race of female warriors in
Scythia; hence, a female warrior.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tall, strong, masculine woman; a
virago.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name numerous species of
South American parrots of the genus <i>Chrysotis</i></def></p>

<p><col><b>Amazon ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species of ant
(<i>Polyergus rufescens</i>), of Europe and America. They seize by conquest
the larv&aelig; and nymphs of other species and make slaves of them in
their own nests.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Am`a*zo"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to or resembling an Amazon; of masculine manners;
warlike.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the river Amazon in South
America, or to its valley.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Am"a*zon*ite</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am"a*zon stone`</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from the river <i>Amazon</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A variety of feldspar, having a verdigris-green color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Amb-</hw>, <hw>Am*bi-</hw>. [L. prefix <i>ambi-</i>, <i>amb-</i>,
akin to Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>abhi</i>, AS. <i>embe</i>, <i>emb</i>, OHG.
<i>umbi</i>, <i>umpi</i>, G. <i>um</i>, and also L. <i>ambo</i> both. Cf.
<u>Amphi-</u>, <u>Both</u>, <u>By</u>.] <def>A prefix meaning <i>about</i>,
<i>around</i>; -- used in words derived from the Latin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am*ba"ges</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. (usually in
pl.); pref. <i>ambi-</i>, <i>amb-</i> + <i>agere</i> to drive: cf. F.
<i>ambage</i>.] <def>A circuit; a winding. Hence: Circuitous way or
proceeding; quibble; circumlocution; indirect mode of speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After many <i>ambages</i>, perspicuously define what this
melancholy is.<BR>
<i>Burton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am*bag"i*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ambagious.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Am*ba"gious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ambagiosus</i>.]
<def>Circumlocutory; circuitous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Am*bag"i*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ambagious.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Am"bas*sade</hw> (&?;), <hw>Em"bas*sade</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <pos><i>ambassade.</i></pos> See <u>Embassy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The mission of an ambassador.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An embassy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*bas"sa*dor</hw> (&?;), <hw>Em*bas"sa*dor</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Embassador</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
minister of the highest rank sent to a foreign court to represent there his
sovereign or country.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ambassadors</i> are either <i>ordinary</i> [or
<i>resident</i>] or <i>extraordinary</i>, that is, sent upon some special
or unusual occasion or errand.  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An official messenger and
representative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*bas`sa*do"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an ambassador.</def>  <i>H. Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*bas`sa*dor*ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state,
office, or functions of an ambassador.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*bas"sa*dress</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
ambassador; also, the wife of an ambassador.</def>  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"bas*sage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Embassage</u>.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Luke xiv. 32.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"bas*sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Embassy</u>,
the usual spelling.</def>  <i>Helps.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aumbre</i>, F.
<i>ambre</i>, Sp. <i>&aacute;mbar</i>, and with the Ar. article,
<i>al&aacute;mbar</i>, fr. Ar. <i>'anbar</i> ambergris.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A yellowish translucent resin resembling copal, found as
a fossil in alluvial soils, with beds of lignite, or on the seashore in
many places. It takes a fine polish, and is used for pipe mouthpieces,
beads, etc., and as a basis for a fine varnish. By friction, it becomes
strongly electric.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Amber color, or anything amber-colored; a clear
light yellow; as, the <i>amber</i> of the sky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ambergris.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You that smell of <i>amber</i> at my charge.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The balsam, liquidambar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black amber</b></col>, <cd>and old and popular name for
<i>jet</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Am"ber</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting
of amber; made of amber.</def>   "<i>Amber</i> bracelets."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling amber, especially in color; amber-
colored.</def>   "The <i>amber</i> morn."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>p. p. &amp; p.
a.</i></pos> <u>Ambered</u> .] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scent or flavor
with ambergris; as, <i>ambered</i> wine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To preserve in amber; as, an <i>ambered</i>
fly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"ber fish</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish of the
southern Atlantic coast (<i>Seriola Carolinensis.</i>)</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"ber*grease</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ambergris</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"ber*gris</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ambre gris</i>,
i. e., gray amber; F. <i>gris</i> gray, which is of German origin: cf. OS.
<i>gr&icirc;s</i>, G. <i>greis</i>, gray-haired. See <u>Amber</u>.] <def>A
substance of the consistence of wax, found floating in the Indian Ocean and
other parts of the tropics, and also as a morbid secretion in the
intestines of the sperm whale (<i>Physeter macrocephalus</i>), which is
believed to be in all cases its true origin. In color it is white, ash-
gray, yellow, or black, and often variegated like marble. The floating
masses are sometimes from sixty to two hundred and twenty-five pounds in
weight. It is wholly volatilized as a white vapor at 212&deg; Fahrenheit,
and is highly valued in perfumery.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"ber room</hw>  <def>A room formerly in the Czar's Summer Palace
in Russia, which was richly decorated with walls and fixtures made from
amber.  The amber was removed by occupying German troops during the Second
World War and has, as of 1997, never been recovered.  The room is being
recreated from old photographs by Russian artisans.</def> PJC</p>

<p><hw>Am"ber seed`</hw> (&?;). <def>Seed of the <i>Hibiscus
abelmoschus</i>, somewhat resembling millet, brought from Egypt and the
West Indies, and having a flavor like that of musk; musk seed.</def>
<i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"ber tree`</hw> (&?;). <def>A species of <i>Anthospermum</i>, a
shrub with evergreen leaves, which, when bruised, emit a fragrant
odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ambes"-as</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ambs-ace.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"bi*dex"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L.
<i>ambo</i> both + <i>dexter</i> right, <i>dextra</i> (sc. <i>manus</i>)
the right hand.] <def>Using both hands with equal ease.</def>
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`bi*dex"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
person who uses both hands with equal facility.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>A double-dealer; one equally ready to act
on either side in party disputes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rest are hypocrites, <i>ambidexters</i>, so many turning
pictures -- a lion on one side, a lamb on the other.<BR>
<i>Burton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A juror who takes money from both
parties for giving his verdict.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"bi*dex*ter"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being ambidextrous; the faculty of
using both hands with equal facility.</def> Hence: <def>Versatility;
general readiness; as, <i>ambidexterity</i> of argumentation.</def>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ignorant I was of the human frame, and of its latent powers,
as regarded speed, force, and <i>ambidexterity</i>.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Double-dealing.</def> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
juror's taking of money from the both parties for a verdict.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`bi*dex"tral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
equally to the right-hand side and the left-hand side.</def>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`bi*dex"trous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the faculty of using both hands with equal ease.</def>  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Practicing or siding with both
parties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All false, shuffling, and <i>ambidextrous</i> dealings.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am"bi*dex"trous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ambidextrous manner; cunningly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`bi*dex"trous*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being ambidextrous; ambidexterity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bi*ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ambiens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>ambire</i> to go around; <i>amb-</i> + <i>ire</i> to go.]
<def>Encompassing on all sides; circumfused; investing.</def>
"<i>Ambient</i> air." <i>Milton.</i> "<i>Ambient</i> clouds."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"bi*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something that surrounds
or invests; as, air . . . being a perpetual <i>ambient</i>.</def>  <i>Sir
H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*big"e*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ambo</i> both
+ <i>genus</i> kind.] <def>Of two kinds.</def> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Partaking
of two natures, as the perianth of some endogenous plants, where the outer
surface is calycine, and the inner petaloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bi*gu</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>ambigu</i>
doubtful, L. <i>ambiquus</i>. See <u>Ambiguous</u>.] <def>An entertainment
at which a medley of dishes is set on at the same time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`bi*gu"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ambiguities</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>ambiguitas</i>, fr.
<i>ambiguus</i>: cf. F. <i>ambiguit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state
of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty, particularly as to the
signification of language, arising from its admitting of more than one
meaning; an equivocal word or expression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No shadow of <i>ambiguity</i> can rest upon the course to be
pursued.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The words are of single signification, without any
<i>ambiguity</i>.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am*big"u*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ambiguus</i>,
fr. <i>ambigere</i> to wander about, waver; <i>amb-</i> + <i>agere</i> to
drive.] <def>Doubtful or uncertain, particularly in respect to
signification; capable of being understood in either of two or more
possible senses; equivocal; as, an <i>ambiguous</i> course; an
<i>ambiguous</i> expression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What have been thy answers? What but dark,<BR>
<i>Ambiguous</i>, and with double sense deluding?<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Doubtful; dubious; uncertain; unsettled; indistinct;
indeterminate; indefinite. See <u>Equivocal</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Am*big"u*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an ambiguous
manner; with doubtful meaning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*big"u*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Ambiguity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`bi*le"vous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ambo</i> both
+ <i>laevus</i> left.] <def>Left-handed on both sides; clumsy; -- opposed
to <i>ambidexter</i>.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*bil"o*quy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Doubtful or
ambiguous language.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*bip"a*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ambo</i> both
+ <i>parere</i> to bring forth.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Characterized by
containing the rudiments of both flowers and leaves; -- applied to a
bud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bit</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ambitus</i> circuit,
fr. <i>ambire</i> to go around. See <u>Ambient</u>.] <def>Circuit or
compass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His great parts did not live within a small
<i>ambit</i>.<BR>
<i>Milward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am*bi"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ambition</i>, L.
<i>ambitio</i> a going around, especially of candidates for office is Rome,
to solicit votes (hence, desire for office or honor&?; fr. <i>ambire</i> to
go around. See <u>Ambient</u>, <u>Issue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of going about to solicit or obtain an office, or any other object of
desire; canvassing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[I] used no <i>ambition</i> to commend my deeds.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An eager, and sometimes an inordinate, desire
for preferment, honor, superiority, power, or the attainment of
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cromwell, I charge thee, fling a way <i>ambition</i>:<BR>
By that sin fell the angels.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The pitiful <i>ambition</i> of possessing five or six
thousand more acres.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am*bi"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ambitionner</i>.] <def>To seek after ambitiously or eagerly; to
covet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pausanias, <i>ambitioning</i> the sovereignty of Greece,
bargains with Xerxes for his daughter in marriage.<BR>
<i>Trumbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am*bi"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One excessively
ambitious.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Am*bi"tion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Devoid of
ambition.</def>  <i>Pollok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*bi"tious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ambitiosus</i>:
cf. F. <i>ambitieux</i>. See <u>Ambition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Possessing, or controlled by, ambition; greatly or inordinately
desirous of power, honor, office, superiority, or distinction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet Brutus says he was <i>ambitious</i>,<BR>
And Brutus is an honorable man.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strongly desirous; -- followed by <i>of</i> or
the infinitive; as, <i>ambitious</i> to be or to do something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was not <i>ambitious of</i> seeing this ceremony.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Studious of song, and yet <i>ambitious</i> not to sing in
vain.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Springing from, characterized by, or indicating,
ambition; showy; aspiring; as, an <i>ambitious</i> style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A giant statue . . . <BR>
Pushed by a wild and artless race,<BR>
From off wide, <i>ambitious</i> base.<BR>
<i>Collins.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am*bi"tious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an ambitious
manner.</def></p>

<p><! p. 47  !></p>

<p><hw>Am*bi"tious*ness</hw> (&abreve;m*b&ibreve;sh"&ubreve;s*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being ambitious; ambition;
pretentiousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am"bi*tus</hw> (&abreve;m"b&ibreve;*t&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Ambit</u>, <u>Ambition</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The exterior edge or border of a thing, as the
border of a leaf, or the outline of a bivalve shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A canvassing for
votes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ambled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ambling</u> (&?;).] [F. <i>ambler</i> to amble, fr. L. <i>ambulare</i>
to walk, in LL., to amble, perh. fr. <i>amb-</i>, <i>ambi-</i>, and a root
meaning <i>to go</i>: cf. Gr. &?; to go, E. <i>base</i>. Cf.
<u>Ambulate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go at the easy gait called an
amble; -- applied to the horse or to its rider.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move somewhat like an ambling horse; to go
easily or without hard shocks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The skipping king, he <i>ambled</i> up and down.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir, your wit <i>ambles</i> well; it goes easily.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A peculiar
gait of a horse, in which both legs on the same side are moved at the same
time, alternating with the legs on the other side.</def> "A fine easy
<i>amble</i>."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A movement like the amble of a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A horse or a person
that ambles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With an ambling
gait.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*blot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?;
an abortion.] <def>Tending to cause abortion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bly*gon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; obtuse + &?;
angle: cf. F. <i>amblygone</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>An obtuse-angled
figure, esp. and obtuse-angled triangle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Am*blyg"o*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Obtuse-
angled.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Am`bly*o"pi*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am"bly*o`py</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; blunt, dim + &?; eye: cf. F.
<i>amblyopie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Weakness of sight, without and
opacity of the cornea, or of the interior of the eye; the first degree of
amaurosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bly*op"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to amblyopy.</def>  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Am*blyp"o*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; blunt + &?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A group of large,
extinct, herbivorous mammals, common in the Tertiary formation of the
United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am"bo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ambos</b></plw> (&?;). [LL. <i>ambo</i>, Gr. &?;, any rising, a
raised stage, pulpit: cf. F. <i>ambon</i>.] <def>A large pulpit or reading
desk, in the early Christian churches.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Am"bon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ambo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*boy"na wood</hw> (&?;). <def>A beautiful mottled and curled wood,
used in cabinetwork. It is obtained from the <i>Pterocarpus Indicus</i> of
Amboyna, Borneo, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bre*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt formed by the combination of ambreic acid with a base or positive
radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*bre"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to ambrein; -- said of a certain acid produced by digesting
ambrein in nitric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bre*in</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ambr&eacute;ine</i>. See <u>Amber</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A fragrant
substance which is the chief constituent of ambergris.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"brite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>amber</i>.]
<def>A fossil resin occurring in large masses in New Zealand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"brose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sweet-scented herb;
ambrosia. See <u>Ambrosia</u>, 3.</def>  <i>Turner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*bro"sia</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ambrosia</i>,
Gr. &?;, properly fem. of &?;, fr. &?; immortal, divine; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; mortal (because it was supposed to confer immortality on those
who partook of it). &?; stands for &?;, akin to Skr. <i>mrita</i>, L.
<i>mortuus</i>, dead, and to E. <i>mortal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Myth.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The fabled food of the gods (as
nectar was their drink), which conferred immortality upon those who partook
of it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An unguent of the gods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His dewy locks distilled <i>ambrosia</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A perfumed unguent, salve, or draught; something
very pleasing to the taste or smell.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, a kind of fragrant plant; now (Bot.),
a genus of plants, including some coarse and worthless weeds, called
<i>ragweed</i>, <i>hogweed</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bro"si*ac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ambrosiacus</i>:  cf. F. <i>ambrosiaque</i>.] <def>Having the qualities
of ambrosia; delicious.</def> [R.]"<i>Ambrosiac</i> odors."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*bro"sial</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ambrosius</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or partaking of the nature
of, ambrosia; delighting the taste or smell; delicious.</def>
"<i>Ambrosial</i> food."  "<i>Ambrosial</i> fragrance."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Divinely excellent or beautiful.</def>  "Shakes
his <i>ambrosial</i> curls."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*bro"sial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>After the manner of
ambrosia; delightfully.</def> "Smelt <i>ambrosially</i>."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*bro"sian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ambrosial.</def>
[R.]  <i>. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*bro"sian</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to St.
Ambrose; as, the <i>Ambrosian</i> office, or ritual, a formula of worship
in the church of Milan, instituted by St. Ambrose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ambrosian chant</b></col>, <cd>the mode of signing or chanting
introduced by St. Ambrose in the 4th century.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Am"bro*sin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>Ambrosin</i>us
nummus.] <def>An early coin struck by the dukes of Milan, and bearing the
figure of St. Ambrose on horseback.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bro*type</hw> (-t&imacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`mbrotos</grk> immortal + <i>-type</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A
picture taken on a plate of prepared glass, in which the lights are
represented in silver, and the shades are produced by a dark background
visible through the unsilvered portions of the glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ambries</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>aumbry</i>, <i>almery</i>, OF.
<i>almarie</i>, <i>armarie</i>, <i>aumaire</i>, F. <i>armoire</i>, LL.
<i>armarium</i> chest, cupboard, orig. a repository for arms, fr. L.
<i>arama</i> arms. The word has been confused with <i>almonry</i>. See
<u>Armory</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In churches, a kind of closet,
niche, cupboard, or locker for utensils, vestments, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A store closet, as a pantry, cupboard,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Almonry.</def> [<i>Improperly so used</i>]</p>

<p><hw>Ambs"-ace</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>ambesas</i>;
<i>ambes</i> both (fr. L. <i>ambo</i>) + <i>as</i> ace. See <u>Ace</u>.]
<def>Double aces, the lowest throw of all at dice. Hence: Bad luck;
anything of no account or value.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`bu*la"cral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to ambulacra; avenuelike; as, the <i>ambulacral</i>
ossicles, plates, spines, and suckers of echinoderms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`bu*la"cri*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Ambulacrum</i> + <i>-form</i>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the form
of ambulacra.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`bu*la"crum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ambulacra</b></plw> (&?;). [L., an alley or covered way.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the radical zones of
echinoderms, along which run the principal nerves, blood vessels, and water
tubes. These zones usually bear rows of locomotive suckers or tentacles,
which protrude from regular pores. In star fishes they occupy the grooves
along the under side of the rays.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the
suckers on the feet of mites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bu*lance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ambulance</i>,
h&ocirc;pital <i>ambulant</i>, fr. L. <i>ambulare</i> to walk. See
<u>Amble</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A field hospital, so
organized as to follow an army in its movements, and intended to succor the
wounded as soon as possible. Often used adjectively; as, an
<i>ambulance</i> wagon; <i>ambulance</i> stretcher; <i>ambulance</i>
corps.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An ambulance wagon or cart for
conveying the wounded from the field, or to a hospital.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bu*lant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ambulans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>ambulare</i> to walk: cf. F. <i>ambulant</i>.] <def>Walking;
moving from place to place.</def>  <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"bu*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>ambulare</i>
to walk. See <u>Amble</u>.] <def>To walk; to move about.</def> [R.]
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`bu*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ambulatio</i>.] <def>The act of walking.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"bu*la*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Walking.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Am"bu*la`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who walks about; a walker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A beetle
of the genus <i>Lamia</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A genus of birds,
or one of this genus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for measuring distances; -- called
also <i>perambulator</i>.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`bu*la*to"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ambulatory;
fitted for walking.</def>  <i>Verrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"bu*la*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ambulatorius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to walking;
having the faculty of walking; formed or fitted for walking; as, an
<i>ambulatory</i> animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accustomed to move from place to place; not
stationary; movable; as, an <i>ambulatory</i> court, which exercises its
jurisdiction in different places.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The priesthood . . . before was very <i>ambulatory</i>, and
dispersed into all families.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to a walk.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The princess of whom his majesty had an <i>ambulatory</i>
view in his travels.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Not yet fixed legally, or settled
past alteration; alterable; as, the dispositions of a will are
<i>ambulatory</i> until the death of the testator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bu*la*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ambulatories</b></plw> (&?;). [Cf. LL. <i>ambulatorium</i>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A place to walk in, whether in the open air, as the
gallery of a cloister, or within a building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bur*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Anbury</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`bus*cade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>embuscade</i>,
fr. It. <i>imboscata</i>, or Sp. <i>emboscada</i>, fr. <i>emboscar</i> to
ambush, fr. LL. <i>imboscare</i>. See <u>Ambush</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lying in a wood, concealed, for the
purpose of attacking an enemy by surprise. Hence: A lying in wait, and
concealed in any situation, for a like purpose; a snare laid for an enemy;
an ambush.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place in which troops lie hid, to attack an
enemy unexpectedly.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The body of troops lying in
ambush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`bus*cade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ambuscaded</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ambuscading</u> (&?;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To post or conceal in
ambush; to ambush.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lie in wait for, or to attack from a covert
or lurking place; to waylay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`bus*cade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lie in
ambush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`bus*ca"do</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ambuscade.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`bus*ca"doed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Posted in
ambush; ambuscaded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Am"bush</hw> (&abreve;m"b&oocr;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>emb&ucirc;che</i>, fr. the verb. See <u>Ambush</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A disposition or arrangement of
troops for attacking an enemy unexpectedly from a concealed station. Hence:
Unseen peril; a device to entrap; a snare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven, whose high walls fear no assault or siege<BR>
Or <i>ambush</i> from the deep.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A concealed station, where troops or enemies lie
in wait to attack by surprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bold in close <i>ambush</i>, base in open field.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The troops posted in a concealed place, for
attacking by surprise; liers in wait.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ambush</i> arose quickly out of their place.<BR>
<i>Josh. viii. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To lay an ambush</b></col>, <cd>to post a force in
ambush.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Am"bush</hw> (&abreve;m"b&oocr;sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ambushed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ambushing</u>.] [OE. <i>enbussen</i>, <i>enbushen</i>, OF.
<i>embushier</i>, <i>embuissier</i>, F. <i>emb&ucirc;cher</i>,
<i>embusquer</i>, fr. LL. <i>imboscare</i>; <i>in</i> + LL. <i>boscus</i>,
<i>buscus</i>, a wood; akin to G. <i>bush</i>, E. <i>bush</i>. See
<u>Ambuscade</u>, <u>Bush</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To station in
ambush with a view to surprise an enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>ambushed</i> men behind their temple laid,<BR>
We have the king of Mexico betrayed.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attack by ambush; to waylay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bush</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lie in wait, for the
purpose of attacking by surprise; to lurk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor saw the snake that <i>ambushed</i> for his prey.<BR>
<i>Trumbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am"bush*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One lying in
ambush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"bush*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>embuschement</i>. See <u>Ambush</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>An
ambush.</def> [Obs.]  <i>2 Chron. xiii. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*bus"tion</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ambustio</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A burn or scald.</def>
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`e*be"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Am&?;bean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*meer"</hw>, <hw>A*mir"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Emir</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Emir.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the Mohammedan nobility of Afghanistan
and Scinde.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>amell</i>, OF.
<i>esmail</i>, F. <i>&eacute;mail</i>, of German origin; cf. OHG.
<i>smelzi</i>, G. <i>schmelz</i>. See <u>Smelt</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Enamel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>amellen</i>, OF.
<i>esmailler</i>, F. <i>&eacute;mailler</i>, OF. <i>esmail</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;mail</i>.] <def>To enamel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Enlightened all with stars,<BR>
And richly <i>ameled</i>.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am"el*corn`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ger. <i>amelkorn</i>:
cf. MHG. <i>amel</i>, <i>amer</i>, spelt, and L. <i>amylum</i> starch, Gr.
&?;.] <def>A variety of wheat from which starch is produced; -- called also
<i>French rice</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mel"io*ra*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being ameliorated.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mel"io*rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ameliorated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ameliorating</u>.] [L. <i>ad</i> + <i>meliorare</i> to make better: cf.
F. <i>am&eacute;liorer</i>. See <u>Meliorate</u>.] <def>To make better; to
improve; to meliorate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In every human being there is a wish to <i>ameliorate</i>
his own condition.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*mel"io*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow better; to
meliorate; as, wine <i>ameliorates</i> by age.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mel`io*ra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>am&eacute;lioration</i>.] <def>The act of ameliorating, or the state of
being ameliorated; making or becoming better; improvement;
melioration.</def> "<i>Amelioration</i> of human affairs."  <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mel"io*ra*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
ameliorate; producing amelioration or improvement; as, <i>ameliorative</i>
remedies, efforts.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mel"io*ra`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ameliorates.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`men"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>interj., adv., &amp; n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>amen</i>, Gr. <grk>'amh`n</grk>, Heb. <i>&amacr;m&emacr;n</i> certainly,
truly.] <def>An expression used at the end of prayers, and meaning, <i>So
be it</i>. At the end of a creed, it is a solemn asseveration of belief.
When it introduces a declaration, it is equivalent to <i>truly</i>,
<i>verily</i>.</def> It is used as a noun, to denote: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
concurrence in belief, or in a statement; assent; <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> the
final word or act; <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> Christ as being one who is true and
faithful.</p>

<p><blockquote>And let all the people say, <i>Amen</i>.<BR>
<i>Ps. cvi. 48.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Amen</i>, <i>amen</i>, I say to thee, except a man be
born again, he can not see the kingdom of God.<BR>
<i>John ii. 3. Rhemish Trans.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To say amen to</b></col>, <cd>to approve warmly; to concur in
heartily or emphatically; to ratify; as, I <i>say Amen to</i> all.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A`men"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To say Amen to; to
sanction fully.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*me`na*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being amenable; amenableness.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*me"na*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>amener</i> to
lead; &?; (L. <i>ad</i>) = <i>mener</i> to lead, fr. L. <i>minare</i> to
drive animals (properly by threatening cries), in LL. to lead; L.
<i>minari</i>, to threaten, <i>minae</i> threats. See <u>Menace</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>Easy to be led; governable, as a
woman by her husband.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jacob.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liable to be brought to account or punishment;
answerable; responsible; accountable; as, <i>amenable</i> to law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor is man too diminutive . . . to be <i>amenable</i> to the
divine government.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liable to punishment, a charge, a claim,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Willing to yield or submit; responsive;
tractable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sterling . . . always was <i>amenable</i> enough to
counsel.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*me"na*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being amenable; liability to answer charges;
answerableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*me"na*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an amenable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"e*nage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>amesnagier</i>. See <u>Manage</u>.] <def>To manage.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"e*nance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. See
<u>Amenable</u>.] <def>Behavior; bearing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mend"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Amended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Amending</u>.] [F. <i>amender</i>, L. <i>emendare</i>; <i>e</i>
(<i>ex</i>) + <i>mendum</i>, <i>menda</i>, fault, akin to Skr. <i>minda</i>
personal defect. Cf. <u>Emend</u>, <u>Mend</u>.] <def>To change or modify
in any way for the better</def>; as, <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>by simply
removing what is erroneous, corrupt, superfluous, faulty, and the
like;</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>by supplying deficiencies;</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>by substituting something else in the place of
what is removed; to rectify.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Mar not the thing that can not be <i>amended</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An instant emergency, granting no possibility for revision,
or opening for <i>amended</i> thought.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall cheer her sorrows, and <i>amend</i> her blood, by
wedding her to a Norman.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To amend a bill</b></col>, <cd>to make some change in the
details or provisions of a bill or measure while on its passage,
professedly for its improvement.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 48  !></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Amend</u>, <u>Emend</u>, <u>Correct</u>,
<u>Reform</u>, <u>Rectify</u>.  These words agree in the idea of bringing
things into a more perfect state. We <i>correct</i> (literally, make
straight) when we conform things to some standard or rule; as, to
<i>correct</i> proof sheets. We <i>amend</i> by removing blemishes, faults,
or errors, and thus rendering a thing more a nearly perfect; as, to
<i>amend</i> our ways, to <i>amend</i> a text, the draft of a bill, etc.
<i>Emend</i> is only another form of <i>amend</i>, and is applied chiefly
to editions of books, etc.  To <i>reform</i> is literally to form over
again, or put into a new and better form; as, to <i>reform</i> one's life.
To <i>rectify</i> is to make right; as, to <i>rectify</i> a mistake, to
<i>rectify</i> abuses, inadvertencies, etc.</p>

<p><hw>A*mend"</hw> (&adot;*m&ebreve;nd"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
grow better by rectifying something wrong in manners or morals; to
improve.</def> "My fortune . . . <i>amends</i>."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mend"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
amended; as, an <i>amendable</i> writ or error.</def>  --
<wf>A*mend"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*mend"a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supplying
amendment; corrective; emendatory.</def>  <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A`mende"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Amend</u>.]
<def>A pecuniary punishment or fine; a reparation or recantation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Amende honorable</b></col> (&?;). <i>(Old French Law)</i> <cd>A
species of infamous punishment in which the offender, being led into court
with a rope about his neck, and a lighted torch in his hand, begged pardon
of his God, the court, etc. In popular language, the phrase now denotes a
public apology or recantation, and reparation to an injured party, for
improper language or treatment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*mend"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
amends.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mend"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Much
improving.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*mend"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>amendement</i>,
LL. <i>amendamentum</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An alteration or change
for the better; correction of a fault or of faults; reformation of life by
quitting vices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In public bodies; Any alternation made or
proposed to be made in a bill or motion by adding, changing, substituting,
or omitting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Correction of an error in a writ or
process.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Improvement; reformation; emendation.</p>

<p><hw>A*mends"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>amendes</i>, pl. of <i>amende</i>. Cf. <u>Amende</u>.] <def>Compensation
for a loss or injury; recompense; reparation.</def> [Now const. with sing.
verb.]  "An honorable <i>amends</i>."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet thus far fortune maketh us <i>amends</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*men"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Amenities</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>am&eacute;nit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>amoenitas</i>, fr. <i>amoenus</i> pleasant.] <def>The quality of being
pleasant or agreeable, whether in respect to situation, climate, manners,
or disposition; pleasantness; civility; suavity; gentleness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sweetness and <i>amenity</i> of temper.<BR>
<i>Buckle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This climate has not seduced by its <i>amenities</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Howitt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||A*men`or*rh&oelig;"a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; month + &?; to flow: cf. F.
<i>am&eacute;norrh&eacute;e</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Retention or
suppression of the menstrual discharge.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*men`or*rh&oelig;"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to amenorrh&oelig;a.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A men"sa et tho"ro</hw> (&?;). [L., from board and bed.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A kind of divorce which does not dissolve the marriage
bond, but merely authorizes a separate life of the husband and wife.</def>
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amentum</i> thong or
strap.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of inflorescence; a catkin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The globular <i>ament</i> of a buttonwood.<BR>
<i>Coues.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am`en*ta"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>amentaceus</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Resembling, or
consisting of, an ament or aments; as, the chestnut has an
<i>amentaceous</i> inflorescence.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Bearing
aments; having flowers arranged in aments; as, <i>amentaceous</i>
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*men"ti*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Imbecility; total want of understanding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`en*tif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ament</i>um
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing catkins.</def>
<i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*men"ti*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>amen</i>tum +
<i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Shaped like a catkin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*men"tum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Amenta</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Same as <u>Ament</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"e*nuse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>amenuisier</i>. See <u>Minute</u>.] <def>To lessen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*merce"</hw> (&adot;*m&etilde;rs"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Amerced</u> (&adot;*m&etilde;rst");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Amercing</u>.] [OF. <i>amercier</i>,
fr. <i>a merci</i> at the mercy of, liable to a punishment. See
<u>Mercy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To punish by a pecuniary penalty,
the amount of which is not fixed by law, but left to the discretion of the
court; as, the court <i>amerced</i> the criminal in the sum of one hundred
dollars.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The penalty or fine may be expressed without a preposition, or it
may be introduced by <i>in</i>, <i>with</i>, or <i>of</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To punish, in general; to mulct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Millions of spirits for his fault <i>amerced</i><BR>
Of Heaven.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall by him be <i>amerced</i> with penance due.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*merce"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to be
amerced.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*merce"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>amerciment</i>.] <def>The infliction of a penalty at the discretion of
the court; also, a mulct or penalty thus imposed. It differs from a
<i>fine</i>,in that the latter is, or was originally, a fixed and certain
sum prescribed by statute for an offense; but an amercement is arbitrary.
Hence, the act or practice of affeering. [See <u>Affeer</u>.]</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word, in old books, is written <i>amerciament</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Amercement royal</b></col>, <cd>a penalty imposed on an officer
for a misdemeanor in his office.</cd>  <i>Jacobs.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mer"cer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
amerces.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mer"cia*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>amerciamentum</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Amercement</u>.</def>  <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mer"i*can</hw> (&adot;*m&etilde;r"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Named from <i>Americus</i> Vespucius.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to America; as, the
<i>American</i> continent: <i>American</i> Indians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the United States.</def> "A
young officer of the <i>American</i> navy."  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>American ivy</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Virginia creeper</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>American Party</b></col> <i>(U. S. Politics)</i>, <cd>a party,
about 1854, which opposed the influence of foreign-born citizens, and those
supposed to owe allegiance to a foreign power.</cd> -- <col><b>Native
american Party</b></col> <i>(U. S. Politics)</i>, <cd>a party of principles
similar to those of the American party. It arose about 1843, but soon died
out.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*mer"i*can</hw> (&adot;*m&etilde;r"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of America; -- originally applied to the
aboriginal inhabitants, but now applied to the descendants of Europeans
born in America, and especially to the citizens of the United
States.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The name <i>American</i> must always exalt the pride of
patriotism.<BR>
<i>Washington.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*mer"i*can*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Attachment to the United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A custom peculiar to the United States or to
America; an American characteristic or idea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A word or phrase peculiar to the United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mer`i*can*i*za"tion</hw>
(&adot;*m&etilde;r`&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>n*&ibreve;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of Americanizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mer"i*can*ize</hw> (-&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Americanizer</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Americanizing</u>.] <def>To render American; to
assimilate to the Americans in customs, ideas, etc.; to stamp with American
characteristics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ames"-ace</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Ambs-
ace</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"ess</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Amice, a
hood or cape. See 2d <u>Amice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`e*tab"o*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of insects which do not undergo any
metamorphosis.</def> [Written also <i>Ametabolia</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>A*met`a*bo"li*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
unchangeable; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; changeable, &?; to change.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to insects that do undergo any
metamorphosis.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*met`a*bol"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am`e*tab"o*lous</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Not undergoing any
metamorphosis; as, <i>ametabolic</i> insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*meth"o*dist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not
+ <i>methodist</i>.] <def>One without method; a quack.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Am"e*thyst</hw> (&?;), [F. <i>ametiste</i>, <i>amatiste</i>, F.
<i>am&eacute;thyste</i>, L. <i>amethystus</i>, fr. Gr. &?; without
drunkenness; as a noun, a remedy for drunkenness, the amethyst, supposed to
have this power; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to be drunken, &?; strong drink,
wine. See <u>Mead</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of crystallized quartz,
of a purple or bluish violet color, of different shades. It is much used as
a jeweler's stone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oriental amethyst</b></col>, <cd>the violet-blue variety of
transparent crystallized corundum or sapphire.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A purple color in a nobleman's
escutcheon, or coat of arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`e*thys"tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>amethystinus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling amethyst,
especially in color; bluish violet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Composed of, or containing, amethyst.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`e*tro"pi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; irregular
+ &?;, &?;, eye.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any abnormal condition of the
refracting powers of the eye.</def>  -- <wf>Am`e*trop"ic</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Am*har"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Amhara, a division of Abyssinia; as, the <i>Amharic</i> language is closely
allied to the Ethiopic.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Amharic
language (now the chief language of Abyssinia).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am"i*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; a kind of
tunny.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fresh-water ganoid fishes,
exclusively confined to North America; called <i>bowfin</i> in Lake
Champlain, <i>dogfish</i> in Lake Erie, and <i>mudfish</i> in South
Carolina, etc. See <u>Bowfin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`mi*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being amiable; amiableness; sweetness of disposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every excellency is a degree of <i>amiability</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A"mi*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>amiable</i>, L.
<i>amicabilis</i> friendly, fr. <i>amicus</i> friend, fr. <i>amare</i> to
love. The meaning has been influenced by F. <i>aimable</i>, L.
<i>amabilis</i> lovable, fr. <i>amare</i> to love. Cf. <u>Amicable</u>,
<u>Amorous</u>, <u>Amability</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lovable; lovely;
pleasing.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>amiable</i> a prospect.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Friendly; kindly; sweet; gracious; as, an
<i>amiable</i> temper or mood; <i>amiable</i> ideas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Possessing sweetness of disposition; having
sweetness of temper, kind-heartedness, etc., which causes one to be liked;
as, an <i>amiable</i> woman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Done out of love.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lay an <i>amiable</i> siege to the honesty of this Ford's
wife.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A`mi*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
amiable; amiability.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"mi*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an amiable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"i*anth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Amianthus</u>.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Am`i*an"thi*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Amianth</i>us
+ <i>-form</i>.] <def>Resembling amianthus in form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`i*an"thoid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Amianth</i>us +
<i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>amianto&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Resembling
amianthus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`i*an"thus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amiantus</i>,
Gr. &?; &?; (lit., unsoiled stone) a greenish stone, like asbestus;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to stain, to defile; so called from its
incombustibility.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Earth flax, or mountain flax; a soft
silky variety of asbestus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>am</i>monia + <i>-
ic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Related to, or derived, ammonia; -- used
chiefly as a suffix; as, <i>amic</i> acid; phosph<i>amic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Amic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>one of a class of
nitrogenized acids somewhat resembling amides.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Am`i*ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being amicable; friendliness; amicableness.</def>  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"i*ca*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>amicabilis</i>,
fr. <i>amicus</i> friend, fr. <i>amare</i> to love. See <u>Amiable</u>.]
<def>Friendly; proceeding from, or exhibiting, friendliness; after the
manner of friends; peaceable; as, an <i>amicable</i> disposition, or
arrangement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which was most remarkable in this contest was . . . the
<i>amicable</i> manner in which it was managed.<BR>
<i>Prideoux.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Amicable action</b></col> <i>(Law.)</i>, <cd>an action commenced
and prosecuted by amicable consent of the parties, for the purpose of
obtaining a decision of the court on some matter of law involved in
it.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i>  <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Amicable
numbers</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>two numbers, each of which is equal
to the sum of all the aliquot parts of the other.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Friendly; peaceable; kind; harmonious.  --
<u>Amicable</u>, <u>Friendly</u>. Neither of these words denotes any great
warmth of affection, since <i>friendly</i> has by no means the same
strength as its noun <i>friendship</i>. It does, however, imply something
of real cordiality; while <i>amicable</i> supposes very little more than
that the parties referred to are not disposed to quarrel. Hence, we speak
of <i>amicable</i> relations between two countries, an <i>amicable</i>
adjustment of difficulties. "Those who entertain <i>friendly</i> feelings
toward each other can live <i>amicably</i> together."</p>

<p><hw>Am"i*ca*ble*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being amicable; amicability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"i*ca*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an amicable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"ice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>amyse</i>, prob. for
<i>amyt</i>, OF. <i>amit</i>, <i>ameit</i>, fr. L. <i>amictus</i> cloak,
the word being confused with <i>amice</i>, <i>almuce</i>, a hood or cape.
See next word.] <def>A square of white linen worn at first on the head, but
now about the neck and shoulders, by priests of the Roman Catholic Church
while saying Mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"ice</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>amuce</i>, <i>amisse</i>,
OF. <i>almuce</i>, <i>aumuce</i>, F. <i>aumusse</i>, LL. <i>almucium</i>,
<i>almucia</i>, <i>aumucia</i>: of unknown origin; cf. G. <i>m&uuml;tze</i>
cap, prob. of the same origin. Cf. <u>Mozetta</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A
hood, or cape with a hood, made of lined with gray fur, formerly worn by
the clergy; -- written also <i>amess</i>, <i>amyss</i>, and
<i>almuce</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mid"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Amidst</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"ide</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Am</i>monia + <i>-
ide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound formed by the union of amidogen
with an acid element or radical. It may also be regarded as ammonia in
which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by an acid atom or
radical.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Acid amide</b></col>, <cd>a neutral compound formed by the
substitution of the amido group for hydroxyl in an acid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Am"i*din</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>amidine</i>,
fr. <i>amido&?;</i> starch, fr. L. <i>amylum</i>, Gr. &?; fine meal, neut.
of &?; not ground at the mill, -- hence, of the finest meal; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?;, &?;, mill. See <u>Meal</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Start
modified by heat so as to become a transparent mass, like horn. It is
soluble in cold water.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mi"do</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Amide</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing, or derived from, amidogen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Amido acid</b></col>, <cd>an acid in which a portion of the
nonacid hydrogen has been replaced by the amido group. The amido acids are
both basic and acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Amido group</b></col>, <cd>amidogen,
NH<sub>2</sub>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*mid"o*gen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Amide</i> + <i>-
gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound radical, NH<sub>2</sub>, not yet
obtained in a separate state, which may be regarded as ammonia from the
molecule of which one of its hydrogen atoms has been removed; -- called
also the <i>amido group</i>, and in composition represented by the form
<i>amido</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mid"ships</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>In the middle of a ship, with regard to her length, and sometimes also
her breadth.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*midst"</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*mid"</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>amidde</i>, <i>amiddes</i>, <i>on
midden</i>, AS. <i>on middan</i>, in the middle, fr. <i>midde</i> the
middle. The <i>s</i> is an adverbial ending, originally marking the
genitive; the <i>t</i> is a later addition, as in <i>whilst</i>,
<i>amongst</i>, <i>alongst</i>. See <u>Mid</u>.] <def>In the midst or
middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among.</def>   "This fair tree
<i>amidst</i> the garden." "Unseen <i>amid</i> the throng."  "<i>Amidst</i>
thick clouds." <i>Milton.</i> "<i>Amidst</i> acclamations." "<i>Amidst</i>
the splendor and festivity of a court." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But rather famish them <i>amid</i> their plenty.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Amidst</u>, <u>Among</u>.  These words differ to some
extent from each other, as will be seen from their etymology. <i>Amidst</i>
denotes in the <i>midst</i> or middle of, and hence surrounded by; as, this
work was written <i>amidst</i> many interruptions. <i>Among</i> denotes a
mingling or intermixing with distinct or separable objects; as, "He fell
<i>among</i> thieves." "Blessed art thou <i>among</i> women." Hence, we
say, <i>among</i> the moderns, <i>among</i> the ancients, <i>among</i> the
thickest of trees, <i>among</i> these considerations, <i>among</i> the
reasons I have to offer. <i>Amid</i> and <i>amidst</i> are commonly used
when the idea of separate or distinguishable objects is not prominent.
Hence, we say, they kept on <i>amidst</i> the storm, <i>amidst</i> the
gloom, he was sinking <i>amidst</i> the waves, he persevered <i>amidst</i>
many difficulties; in none of which cases could <i>among</i> be used. In
like manner, Milton speaks of Abdiel, --</p>

<p><blockquote>The seraph Abdiel, faithful found;<BR>
<i>Among</i> the faithless faithful only he,</blockquote><BR>
<BR>
because he was then considered as one of the angels. But when the poet
adds, --<BR>
<BR>
<blockquote>From <i>amidst</i> them forth he passed,</blockquote><BR>
<BR>
we have rather the idea of the angels as a collective body.<BR>
<BR>
<blockquote>Those squalid cabins and uncleared woods <i>amidst</i> which he
was born.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i>
</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am"ine</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Am</i>monia + <i>-
ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a class of strongly basic substances
derived from ammonia by replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by a
basic atom or radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"i*oid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or pertaining to the Amioidei.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One of the Amioidei.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`i*oi"de*i</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Amia</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of ganoid
fishes of which Amia is the type. See <u>Bowfin</u> and
<u>Ganoidei</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*mir"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ameer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*miss"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>miss</i>.] <def>Astray; faultily; improperly; wrongly; ill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What error drives our eyes and ears <i>amiss</i>?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye ask and receive not, because ye ask <i>amiss</i>.<BR>
<i>James iv. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To take (an act, thing) amiss</b></col>, <cd>to impute a wrong
motive to (an act or thing); to take offense at; to take unkindly; as, you
must not <i>take</i> these questions <i>amiss</i>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 49  !></p>

<p><hw>A*miss"</hw> (&adot;*m&ibreve;s"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wrong;
faulty; out of order; improper; as, it may not be <i>amiss</i> to ask
advice.</def> [Used only in the predicate.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His wisdom and virtue can not always rectify that which is
<i>amiss</i> in himself or his circumstances.<BR>
<i>Wollaston.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*miss"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fault, wrong, or
mistake.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Each toy seems prologue to some great <i>amiss</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*mis`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), [Cf. F. <i>amissibilit&eacute;</i>.
See <u>Amit</u>.] <def>The quality of being amissible; possibility of being
lost.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Notions of popular rights and the <i>amissibility</i> of
sovereign power for misconduct were alternately broached by the two great
religious parties of Europe.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*mis"si*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>amissibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>amissible</i>.] <def>Liable to be lost.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*mis"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amissio</i>: cf.
F. <i>amission</i>.] <def>Deprivation; loss.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mit"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>amittere</i>,
<i>amissum</i>, to lose; <i>a</i> (<i>ab</i>) + <i>mittere</i> to send. See
<u>Missile</u>.] <def>To lose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A lodestone fired doth presently <i>amit</i> its proper
virtue.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Amities</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>amiti&eacute;</i>, OF.
<i>amisti&eacute;</i>, <i>amist&eacute;</i>, fr. an assumed LL.
<i>amisitas</i>, fr. L. <i>amicus</i> friendly, from <i>amare</i> to love.
See <u>Amiable</u>.] <def>Friendship, in a general sense, between
individuals, societies, or nations; friendly relations; good understanding;
as, a treaty of <i>amity</i> and commerce; the <i>amity</i> of the Whigs
and Tories.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To live on terms of <i>amity</i> with vice.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Harmony; friendliness; friendship; affection; good will;
peace.</p>

<p><hw>||Am"ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>amma</i>, prob. of
interjectional or imitative origin: cf. Sp. <i>ama</i>, G. <i>amme</i>,
nurse, Basque <i>ama</i> mother, Heb. <i>&?;m</i>, Ar. <i>immun</i>,
<i>ummun</i>.] <def>An abbes or spiritual mother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"me*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A
contraction of <i>amperometer</i> or <i>amp&egrave;remeter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"mi*ral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An obsolete form of
<i>admiral</i>.</def> "The mast of some great <i>ammiral</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"mite</hw> (&abreve;m"m&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ammi`ths</grk>, <grk>'ammi`tis</grk>, sandstone, fr.
<grk>'a`mmos</grk> or <grk>"a`mmos</grk> sand.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>O&ouml;lite or roestone; -- written also <i>hammite</i>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Am"mo*dyte</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ammodytes</i>,
Gr. &?; sand burrower, a kind of serpent; <grk>'a`mmos</grk> sand + &?;
diver, &?; to dive.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of a
genus of fishes; the sand eel.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind of
viper in southern Europe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Am*mo"ni*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From sal
<i>ammoniac</i>, which was first obtaining near the temple of Jupiter
<i>Ammon</i>, by burning camel's dung. See <u>Ammoniac</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A gaseous compound of hydrogen and nitrogen, NH<sub>3</sub>, with a
pungent smell and taste: -- often called <i>volatile alkali</i>, and
<i>spirits of hartshorn</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Am*mo"ni*ac</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am`mo*ni"a*cal</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to ammonia, or possessing its
properties; as, an <i>ammoniac</i> salt; <i>ammoniacal</i> gas.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ammoniacal engine</b></col>, <cd>an engine in which the vapor of
ammonia is used as the motive force.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal ammoniac</b></col>
[L. <i>sal ammoniacus</i>], <cd>the salt usually called <i>chloride of
ammonium</i>, and formerly <i>muriate of ammonia</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Am*mo"ni*ac</hw> (&?;) (<i>or</i> <hw>Gum` am*mo"ni*ac</hw> ,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Ammoniacum</i>, Gr. &?; a resinous gum, said to
distill from a tree near the temple of Jupiter <i>Ammon</i>; cf. F.
<i>ammoniac</i>. See <u>Ammonite</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The concrete
juice (gum resin) of an umbelliferous plant, the <i>Dorema ammoniacum</i>.
It is brought chiefly from Persia in the form of yellowish tears, which
occur singly, or are aggregated into masses. It has a peculiar smell, and a
nauseous, sweet taste, followed by a bitter one. It is inflammable,
partially soluble in water and in spirit of wine, and is used in medicine
as an expectorant and resolvent, and for the formation of certain
plasters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*mo"ni*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined or impregnated with ammonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*mo"nic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
ammonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"mon*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. cornu <i>Ammonis</i>
born of Ammon; L. <i>Ammon</i>, Gr. &?; an appellation of Jupiter, as
represented with the horns of a ram. It was originally the name of an.
Egyptian god, <i>Amun</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil cephalopod shell
related to the nautilus. There are many genera and species, and all are
extinct, the typical forms having existed only in the Mesozoic age, when
they were exceedingly numerous. They differ from the nautili in having the
margins of the septa very much lobed or plaited, and the siphuncle dorsal.
Also called <i>serpent stone</i>, <i>snake stone</i>, and <i>cornu
Ammonis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`mon*i*tif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Ammonite</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Containing fossil
ammonites.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am*mon`i*toid"e*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Ammonite</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive group
of fossil cephalopods often very abundant in Mesozoic rocks. See
<u>Ammonite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*mo"ni*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ammonia</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound radical, NH<sub>4</sub>, having the chemical
relations of a strongly basic element like the alkali metals.</def><BR>
</p>

<p><hw>Am`mu*ni"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>amunition</i>,
for <i>munition</i>, prob. caused by taking <i>la munition</i> as
<i>l'amunition</i>. See <u>Munition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Military
stores, or provisions of all kinds for attack or defense.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Articles used in charging firearms and ordnance
of all kinds; as powder, balls, shot, shells, percussion caps, rockets,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any stock of missiles, literal or
figurative.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ammunition bread</b></col>, <col><b>shoes</b></col>, etc.,
<cd>such as are contracted for by government, and supplied to the
soldiers.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Am`mu*ni"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ammunitioned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ammunitioning</u>.] <def>To provide with ammunition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am*ne"si*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to remember.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Forgetfulness;
also, a defect of speech, from cerebral disease, in which the patient
substitutes wrong words or names in the place of those he wishes to
employ.</def>  <i>Quian.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*ne"sic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to amnesia.</def> "<i>Amnesic</i> or co&ouml;rdinate defects."
<i>Quian.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*nes"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing loss of
memory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"nes*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amnestia</i>, Gr.
&?;, a forgetting, fr. &?; forgotten, forgetful; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?;
to remember: cf. F. <i>amnistie</i>, earlier <i>amnestie</i>. See
<u>Mean</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Forgetfulness;
cessation of remembrance of wrong; oblivion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act of the sovereign power granting oblivion,
or a general pardon, for a past offense, as to subjects concerned in an
insurrection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"nes*ty</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Amnestied</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Amnestying</u>.] <def>To grant amnesty to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*nic"o*list</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amnicola</i>,
<i>amnis</i> a river + <i>colere</i> to dwell.] <def>One who lives near a
river.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*nig"e*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>amnigena</i>;
<i>amnis</i> a river + root <i>gen</i> of <i>gignere</i> to beget.]
<def>Born or bred in, of, or near a river.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"ni*on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the membrane
round the fetus, dim. of &?; lamb.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A thin membrane
surrounding the embryos of mammals, birds, and reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"ni*os</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Amnion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`ni*o"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Amnion</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>That group of vertebrates which
develops in its embryonic life the envelope called the <i>amnion</i>. It
comprises the reptiles, the birds, and the mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`ni*ot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>amniotique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the amnion;
characterized by an amnion; as, the <i>amniotic</i> fluid; the
<i>amniotic</i> sac.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Amniotic acid</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> [R.] <cd>See
<u>Allantoin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*m&oelig;"ba</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Am&oelig;b&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;); E.
<plw><b>Am&oelig;bas</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; change.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rhizopod. common in fresh water, capable of
undergoing many changes of form at will. See <u>Rhizopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`&oelig;*b&aelig;"um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>am&oelig;baeus</i>, Gr. &?;, alternate; L. <i>amoebaeum</i> carmen, Gr.
&?; &?;, a responsive song, fr. &?; change.] <def>A poem in which persons
are represented at speaking alternately; as the third and seventh eclogues
of Virgil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`&oelig;*be"a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>That division of the Rhizopoda which includes the
am&oelig;ba and similar forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`&oelig;*be"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Alternately
answering.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*m&oelig;"bi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Am&oelig;bea.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*m&oelig;"bi*form</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*m&oelig;"boid</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Am&oelig;ba</i> + <i>-form</i> or <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Resembling an am&oelig;ba; am&oelig;ba-shaped; changing
in shape like an am&oelig;ba.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Am&oelig;boid movement</b></col>, <cd>movement produced, as in
the am&oelig;ba, by successive processes of prolongation and
retraction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*m&oelig;"bous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like an
am&oelig;ba in structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`o*li"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amolitio</i>,
fr. <i>amoliri</i> to remove; <i>a</i> (<i>ab</i>) + <i>moliri</i> to put
in motion.] <def>Removal; a putting away.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Ward
(1673).</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*mo"mum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; an
Indian spice plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of aromatic plants. It
includes species which bear cardamoms, and grains of paradise.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mon"este</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
admonish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>A*mong"</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*mongst"</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>amongist</i>, <i>amonges</i>,
<i>amonge</i>, <i>among</i>, AS. <i>onmang</i>, <i>ongemang</i>,
<i>gemang</i>, in a crowd or mixture. For the ending <i>-st</i> see
<u>Amidst</u>. See <u>Mingle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mixed or
mingled; surrounded by.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They heard,<BR>
And from his presence hid themselves <i>among</i><BR>
The thickest trees.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conjoined, or associated with, or making part of
the number of; in the number or class of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blessed art thou <i>among</i> women.<BR>
<i>Luke i. 28.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Expressing a relation of dispersion,
distribution, etc.; also, a relation of reciprocal action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What news <i>among</i> the merchants?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Human sacrifices were practiced <i>among</i> them.<BR>
<i>Hume.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Divide that gold <i>amongst</i> you.<BR>
<i>Marlowe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether they quarreled <i>among</i> themselves, or with
their neighbors.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Amidst; between. See <u>Amidst</u>, <u>Between</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||A*mon`til*la"do</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A dry
kind of cherry, of a light color.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"o*ret</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>amorette</i>, F.
<i>amourette</i>, dim. of amour.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An amorous girl
or woman; a wanton.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A love knot, love token, or love song. (pl.)
Love glances or love tricks.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A petty love affair or amour.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Am"o*rette"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An amoret.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"o*rist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>armor</i> love.
See <u>Amorous</u>.] <def>A lover; a gallant.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was the custom for an <i>amorist</i> to impress the name
of his mistress in the dust, or upon the damp earth, with letters fixed
upon his shoe.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A-morn"ings</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Amorwe</u>.
The <i>-s</i> is a genitival ending. See <u>-wards</u>.] <def>In the
morning; every morning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And have such pleasant walks into the woods<BR>
<i>A-mornings</i>.<BR>
<i>J. Fletcher.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Am`o*ro"sa</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>amoroso</i>,
fem. <i>amorosa</i>.] <def>A wanton woman; a courtesan.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`o*ros"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being amorous; lovingness.</def> [R.]  <i>Galt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Am`o*ro"so</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>amoroso</i>,
LL. <i>amorosus</i>.] <def>A lover; a man enamored.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`o*ro"so</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>In a soft, tender, amatory style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"o*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>amoros</i>, F.
<i>amoreux</i>, LL. <i>amorosus</i>, fr. L. <i>amor</i> love, fr.
<i>amare</i> to love.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to love; having a
propensity to love, or to sexual enjoyment; loving; fond; affectionate; as,
an <i>amorous</i> disposition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with love; in love; enamored; --
usually with <i>of</i>; formerly with <i>on</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy roses <i>amorous</i> of the moon.<BR>
<i>Keats.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>High nature <i>amorous</i> of the good.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Sure my brother is <i>amorous</i> on Hero.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or relating to, or produced by, love.</def>
"<i>Amorous</i> delight." <i>Milton.</i> "<i>Amorous</i> airs."
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Loving; fond; tender; passionate; affectionate; devoted;
ardent.</p>

<p><hw>Am"o*rous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an amorous manner;
fondly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"o*rous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
amorous, or inclined to sexual love; lovingness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mor"pha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Amorphas</b></plw> (&?;). [Gr. &?; shapeless.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of leguminous shrubs, having long clusters of purple flowers; false
or bastard indigo.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mor"phism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Amorphous</u>.]
<def>A state of being amorphous; esp. a state of being without
crystallization even in the minutest particles, as in glass, opal,
etc.</def> There are stony substances which, when fused, may cool as glass
or as stone; the glass state is spoken of as a state of
<i>amorphism</i>.</p>

<p><hw>A*mor"phous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; form.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having no determinate form; of
irregular; shapeless.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without crystallization in the ultimate texture
of a solid substance; uncrystallized.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of no particular kind or character;
anomalous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scientific treatises . . . are not seldom rude and
<i>amorphous</i> in style.<BR>
<i>Hare.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>A*mor"phous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>A*mor"phous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||A*mor`pho*zo"a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; shapeless; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; form + &?; animal.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Animals without a mouth or regular internal
organs, as the sponges.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mor`pho*zo"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Amorphozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mor"phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>amorphie</i>. See <u>Amorphous</u>.] <def>Shapelessness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mort"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> + F.
<i>mort</i> death, dead; <i>all amort</i> is for <i>alamort</i>.] <def>As
if dead; lifeless; spiritless; dejected; depressed.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mor"tise</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v.</i></pos>,
<hw>A*mor`ti*sa"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>A*mor"tis*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<hw>A*mor"tise*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Amortize</u>, <u>Amortization</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mor"tiz*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>amortissable</i>.] <def>Capable of being cleared off, as a
debt.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mor`ti*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>amortisatio</i>, <i>admortizatio</i>. See <u>Amortize</u>, and cf.
<u>Admortization</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act or
right of alienating lands to a corporation, which was considered formerly
as transferring them to <i>dead hands</i>, or in mortmain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The extinction of a debt, usually by means of a
sinking fund; also, the money thus paid.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mor"tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>amortisen</i>, LL. <i>amortisare</i>, <i>admortizare</i>, F.
<i>amortir</i> to sell in mortmain, to extinguish; L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>mors</i> death. See <u>Mortmain</u>]. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make as
if dead; to destroy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To alienate in mortmain, that is,
to convey to a corporation. See <u>Mortmain</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To clear off or extinguish, as a debt, usually
by means of a sinking fund.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mor"tize*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>amortissement</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Amortization</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mor"we</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> on +
OE. <i>morwe</i>. See <u>Morrow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the
morning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>On the following morning.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mo"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amotio</i>. See
<u>Amove</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Removal; ousting; especially, the
removal of a corporate officer from his office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deprivation of possession.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*mo"tus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., withdrawn (from
it&?;place).] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Elevated, -- as a toe, when raised
so high that the tip does not touch the ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mount"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Amounted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Amounting</u>.] [OF. <i>amonter</i> to increase, advance, ascend, fr.
<i>amont</i> (equiv. to L. <i>ad montem</i> to the mountain) upward, F.
<i>amont</i> up the river. See <u>Mount</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go up; to ascend.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So up he rose, and thence <i>amounted</i> straight.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rise or reach by an accumulation of
particular sums or quantities; to come (<i>to</i>) in the aggregate or
whole; -- with <i>to</i> or <i>unto</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rise, reach, or extend in effect, substance,
or influence; to be equivalent; to come practically (<i>to</i>); as, the
testimony <i>amounts</i> to very little.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mount"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To signify; to amount
to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*mount"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sum
total of two or more sums or quantities; the aggregate; the whole quantity;
a totality; as, the <i>amount</i> of 7 and 9 is 16; the <i>amount</i> of a
bill; the <i>amount</i> of this year's revenue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The effect, substance, value, significance, or
result; the sum; as, the <i>amount</i> of the testimony is this.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole <i>amount</i> of that enormous fame.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*mour"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>amor</i>
love.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Love; affection.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Love making; a love affair; usually, an unlawful
connection in love; a love intrigue; an illicit love affair.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In amours with</b></col>, <cd>in love with.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 50 !></p>

<p><hw>||A"mour` pro"pre</hw> (&adot;"m&oomac;r` pr&osl;"pr'). [F.]
<def>Self-love; self-esteem.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mov`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Liability to
be removed or dismissed from office.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mov"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>amovible</i>.] <def>Removable.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*move"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>amovere</i>;
<i>a-</i> (<i>ab</i>) + <i>movere</i> to move: cf. OF. <i>amover</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remove, as a person or thing, from a
position.</def> [Obs.] <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To dismiss from an office or
station.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*move"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>amovir</i>, L.
<i>admovere</i> to move to, to excite; <i>ad</i> + <i>movere</i>.] <def>To
move or be moved; to excite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"pe*lite</hw> (&abreve;m"p&esl;*l&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>ampelitis</i>, Gr. <grk>'ampeli^tis</grk>, fr. <grk>'a`mpelos</grk>
vine.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An earth abounding in pyrites, used by the
ancients to kill insects, etc., on vines; -- applied by Brongniart to a
carbonaceous alum schist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Am`p&egrave;re"</hw> (&auml;N`p&acirc;r"), <hw>Am*pere"</hw>
(&abreve;m*p&amacr;r"), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the name of a French
electrician.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The unit of electric current; -- defined
by the International Electrical Congress in 1893 and by U. S. Statute as,
one tenth of the unit of current of the C. G. S. system of electro-magnetic
units, or the practical equivalent of the unvarying current which, when
passed through a standard solution of nitrate of silver in water, deposits
silver at the rate of 0.001118 grams per second. Called also the
<i>international amp&egrave;re</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Am`p&egrave;re"me`ter</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am`pe*rom"e*ter</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Amp&egrave;re</i> + <i>meter</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring the strength of an
electrical current in amp&egrave;res.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"per*sand</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>and</i>, per se <i>and</i>, i. e., &amp; by itself makes <i>and</i>.] <def>A
word used to describe the character &?;, &?;, or &.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*phi-</hw>. [Gr. <grk>'amfi`</grk>.] <def>A prefix in words of
Greek origin, signifying <i>both</i>, <i>of both kinds</i>, <i>on both
sides</i>, <i>about</i>, <i>around</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*ar*thro"di*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>amphi-</i> + <i>arthrodial</i>.] <def>Characterized by
amphiarthrosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*ar*thro"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'amfi`</grk> + &?; a joining, &?; a joint.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A form
of articulation in which the bones are connected by intervening substance
admitting slight motion; symphysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"phi*as`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'amfi`</grk> + <grk>'asth`r</grk> a star.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
achromatic figure, formed in mitotic cell-division, consisting of two
asters connected by a spindle-shaped bundle of rodlike fibers diverging
from each aster, and called the <i>spindle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am*phib"i*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Amphibium</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the classes of
vertebrates.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Amphibia are distinguished by having usually no scales, by
having eggs and embryos similar to those of fishes, and by undergoing a
complete metamorphosis, the young having gills. There are three living
orders: (1) The tailless, as the frogs (<i>Anura</i>); (2) The tailed
(<i>Urodela</i>), as the salamanders, and the siren group
(<i>Sirenoidea</i>), which retain the gills of the young state (hence
called <i>Perennibranchiata</i>) through the adult state, among which are
the siren, proteus, etc.; (3) The C&oelig;cilians, or serpentlike Amphibia
(<i>Ophiomorpha</i> or <i>Gymnophiona</i>), with minute scales and without
limbs. The extinct Labyrinthodonts also belonged to this class. The term is
sometimes loosely applied to both reptiles and amphibians collectively.</p>

<p><hw>Am*phib"i*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Amphibian.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Am*phib"i*an</hw> (-an), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Amphibia; as, <i>amphibian</i>
reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phib"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of the Amphibia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phib`i*o*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to amphibiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phib`i*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
amphibious + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>amphibiologie</i>.] <def>A treatise on
amphibious animals; the department of natural history which treats of the
Amphibia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am*phib`i*ot"i*ca</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>'amfi`</grk> + <grk>biwtiko`s</grk> pertaining to life.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of insects having aquatic
larv&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phib"i*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'amfi`bios</grk> living a double life, <i>i. e.</i>, both on land in
water; <grk>'amfi`</grk> + <grk>bi`os</grk> life.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the ability to live both on land and in water, as frogs,
crocodiles, beavers, and some plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, adapted for, or connected with,
both land and water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>amphibious</i> character of the Greeks was already
determined: they were to be lords of land and sea.<BR>
<i>Hare.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of a mixed nature; partaking of two
natures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not in free and common socage, but in this <i>amphibious</i>
subordinate class of villein socage.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am*phib"i*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like an
amphibious being.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am*phib"i*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Amphibia</b></plw> (&?;); E. <plw><b>Amphibiums</b></plw> (&?;).
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; (sc. &?; an animal). See <u>Amphibious</u>.] <def>An
amphibian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*blas"tic</hw> (&abreve;m`f&ibreve;*bl&abreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'amfi`</grk> + <grk>blastiko`s</grk> tending
to sprout.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Segmenting unequally; -- said of
telolecithal ova with complete segmentation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"phi*bole</hw> (&abreve;m"f&ibreve;*b&omacr;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'amfi`bolos</grk> doubtful, equivocal, fr.
<grk>'amfiba`llein</grk> to throw round, to doubt: cf. F. <i>amphibole</i>.
Ha&uuml;y so named the genus from the great variety of color and
composition assumed by the mineral.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A common mineral
embracing many varieties varying in color and in composition. It occurs in
monoclinic crystals; also massive, generally with fibrous or columnar
structure. The color varies from white to gray, green, brown, and black. It
is a silicate of magnesium and calcium, with usually aluminium and iron.
Some common varieties are <i>tremolite</i>, <i>actinolite</i>,
<i>asbestus</i>, <i>edenite</i>, <i>hornblende</i> (the last name being
also used as a general term for the whole species). Amphibole is a
constituent of many crystalline rocks, as syenite, diorite, most varieties
of trachyte, etc. See <u>Hornblende</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*bol"ic</hw> (&abreve;m`f&ibreve;*b&obreve;l"&ibreve;c),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to amphiboly;
ambiguous; equivocal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or resembling the mineral
amphibole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phib`o*log"ic*al</hw>
(&abreve;m*f&ibreve;b`&osl;*l&obreve;j"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of doubtful meaning; ambiguous.</def>
"<i>Amphibological</i> expressions."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p> -- <wf>Am*phib`o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*bol"o*gy</hw> (&abreve;m`f&ibreve;*b&osl;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Amphibologies</b></plw> (-
j&ibreve;z). [L. <i>amphibologia</i>, for <i>amphibolia</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>'amfiboli`a</grk>, with the ending <i>-logia</i> as if fr. Gr.
<grk>'amfi`bolos</grk> ambiguous + <grk>lo`gos</grk> speech: cf. F.
<i>amphibologie</i>. See <u>Amphiboly</u>.] <def>A phrase, discourse, or
proposition, susceptible of two interpretations; and hence, of uncertain
meaning. It differs from <i>equivocation</i>, which arises from the twofold
sense of a single term.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phib"o*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>amphibolus</i>, Gr. &?; thrown about, doubtful.  See
<u>Amphibole</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ambiguous; doubtful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Never was there such an <i>amphibolous</i> quarrel -- both
parties declaring themselves for the king.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Capable of two
meanings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>amphibolous</i> sentence is one that is capable of two
meanings, not from the double sense of any of the words, but from its
admitting of a double construction; <i>e</i>. <i>g</i>., "The duke yet
lives that Henry shall depose."<BR>
<i>Whately.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am*phib"o*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Amphibolies</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>amphibolia</i>, Gr. &?;: cf.
OE. <i>amphibolie</i>. See <u>Amphibolous</u>.] <def>Ambiguous discourse;
amphibology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If it oracle contrary to our interest or humor, we will
create an <i>amphiboly</i>, a double meaning where there is none.<BR>
<i>Whitlock.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am"phi*brach</hw> (&abreve;m"f&ibreve;*br&abreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. &?;, Gr. &?; short at both ends; <grk>'amfi`</grk>
+ <grk>brachy`s</grk> short.] <i>(Anc. Pros.)</i> <def>A foot of three
syllables, the middle one long, the first and last short (&ssmile; --
&ssmile;); as, <i>h&abreve;b&emacr;r&ebreve;</i>. In modern prosody the
accented syllable takes the place of the long and the unaccented of the
short; as, <i>pro-phet\'b6ic</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Am`phi*car"pic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am`phi*car"pous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'amfi`</grk> + <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing fruit of two kinds, either as to form or time
of ripening.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*chro"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'amfi`</grk> + &?; color.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Exhibiting or producing
two colors, as substances which in the color test may change red litmus to
blue and blue litmus to red.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Am`phi*c&oelig;"li*an</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am`phi*c&oelig;"lous</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; hollowed all round;
<grk>'amfi`</grk> + &?; hollow.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having both ends
concave; biconcave; -- said of vertebr&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"phi*come</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; with hair all
round; <grk>'amfi`</grk> + &?; hair.] <def>A kind of figured stone, rugged
and beset with eminences, anciently used in divination.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*phic`ty*on"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Of
or pertaining to the Amphictyons or their League or Council; as, an
<i>Amphictyonic</i> town or state; the <i>Amphictyonic</i> body.</def>
<i>W. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am*phic"ty*ons</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Amphictyones</i>, Gr. &?;. Prob. the word was orig. &?; dwellers around,
neighbors.] <i>(Grecian Hist.)</i> <def>Deputies from the confederated
states of ancient Greece to a congress or council. They considered both
political and religious matters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phic"ty*o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Amphictyonies</b></plw> (&?;). [Gr. &?;.] <i>(Grecian Hist.)</i>
<def>A league of states of ancient Greece; esp. the celebrated
confederation known as the Amphictyonic Council. Its object was to maintain
the common interests of Greece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"phid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a`mfw</grk>
both: cf. F. <i>amphide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of the class
formed by the combination of an acid and a base, or by the union of two
oxides, two sulphides, selenides, or tellurides, as distinguished from a
<i>haloid</i> compound.</def> [R.]  <i>Berzelius.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"phi*disc</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'amfi`</grk>
+ <grk>di`skos</grk> a round plate.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A peculiar
small siliceous spicule having a denticulated wheel at each end; -- found
in freshwater sponges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*drom"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'amfi`dromos</grk> running about or around.] <def>Pertaining to an
Attic festival at the naming of a child; -- so called because the friends
of the parents <i>carried</i> the child <i>around</i> the hearth and then
named it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phig"a*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?;
marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a structure entirely cellular, and no
distinct sexual organs; -- a term applied by De Candolle to the lowest
order of plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*ge"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?;, &?;,
the earth.] <def>Extending over all the zones, from the tropics to the
polar zones inclusive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"phi*gen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-gen</i>:
cf. F. <i>amphig&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An element that in
combination produces amphid salt; -- applied by Berzelius to oxygen,
sulphur, selenium, and tellurium.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Am"phi*gene</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Leucite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*gen"e*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?;
generation.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Sexual generation; amphigony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phig"e*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Increasing in size by growth on all sides, as the lichens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*gon"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
amphigony; sexual; as, <i>amphigonic</i> propagation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Am*phig"o*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?; a
begetting.] <def>Relating to both parents.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Am*phig"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sexual
propagation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*gor"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Amphigory</u>.] <def>Nonsensical; absurd; pertaining to an
amphigory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"phi*go*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>amphigouri</i>,
of uncertain derivation; perh. fr. Gr. &?; + &?; a circle.] <def>A nonsense
verse; a rigmarole, with apparent meaning, which on further attention
proves to be meaningless.</def> [Written also <i>amphigouri</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Am*phil"o*gism</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am*phil"o*gy</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>Ambiguity of speech;
equivocation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Am*phim"a*cer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>amphimacru&?;</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; on both sides + &?; long.] <i>(Anc.
Pros.)</i> <def>A foot of three syllables, the middle one short and the
others long, as in <i>c&amacr;st&?;t&amacr;s</i>.</def>
<i>Andrews.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Am`phi*neu"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. &?; +
&?; sinew, nerve.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Mollusca
remarkable for the bilateral symmetry of the organs and the arrangement of
the nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`phi*ox"us</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; +
&?; sharp.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fishlike creature (<i>Amphioxus
lanceolatus</i>), two or three inches long, found in temperature seas; --
also called the <i>lancelet</i>. Its body is pointed at both ends. It is
the lowest and most generalized of the vertebrates, having neither brain,
skull, vertebr&aelig;, nor red blood. It forms the type of the group
<i>Acrania</i>, <i>Leptocardia</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phip"neust</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?; one
who breathes, &?; to breathe.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a tribe of
Amphibia, which have both lungs and gills at the same time, as the proteus
and siren.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"phi*pod</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Amphipoda.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Am"phi*pod</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am*phip"o*dan</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Amphipoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am*phip"o*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., FR. Gr.
&?; + &?;, &?; foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A numerous group of fourteen
-- footed Crustacea, inhabiting both fresh and salt water. The body is
usually compressed laterally, and the anterior pairs or legs are directed
downward and forward, but the posterior legs are usually turned upward and
backward. The beach flea is an example. See <u>Tetradecapoda</u> and
<u>Arthrostraca</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phip"o*dous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Amphipoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phip"ro*style</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>amphiprostylos</i>, Gr. &?; having a double prostyle: cf. F.
<i>amphiprostyle</i>. See <u>Prostyle</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Doubly
prostyle; having columns at each end, but not at the sides.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An amphiprostyle temple or edifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`phi*rhi"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; + &?;, &?;, nose.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name applied to the
elasmobranch fishes, because the nasal sac is double.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`phis*b&aelig;"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; on both ends + &?; to go.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fabled
serpent with a head at each end, moving either way.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of harmless lizards,
serpentlike in form, without legs, and with both ends so much alike that
they appear to have a head at each, and ability to move either way. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Gordius aquaticus</i>, or <i>hairworm</i>, has been called
an <i>amphisb&aelig;na</i>; but it belongs among the worms.</p>

<p><hw>||Am`phis*b&aelig;"noid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>amphisbaena</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or
pertaining to the lizards of the genus Amphisb&aelig;na.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Am*phis"ci*i</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am*phis"cians</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; throwing a shadow both ways; &?; + &?;
shadow.] <def>The inhabitants of the tropic, whose shadows in one part of
the year are cast to the north, and in the other to the south, according as
the sun is south or north of their zenith.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phis"to*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?;
mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a sucker at each extremity, as
certain entozoa, by means of which they adhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*sty"lic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?;
pillar, support.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the mandibular arch
articulated with the hyoid arch and the cranium, as in the cestraciont
sharks; -- said of a skull.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Am`phi*the"a*ter</hw>, <hw>Am`phi*the"a*tre</hw>, } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amphitheatrum</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; &?; + &?;
theater: cf. F. <i>amphith&eacute;&acirc;tre</i>. See <u>Theater</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An oval or circular building with rising tiers of
seats about an open space called the arena.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Romans first constructed amphitheaters for combats of
gladiators and wild beasts.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling an amphitheater in form; as,
a level surrounded by rising slopes or hills, or a rising gallery in a
theater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*the"a*tral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>amphitheatralis</i>: cf. F. <i>amphith&eacute;&acirc;tral</i>.]
<def>Amphitheatrical; resembling an amphitheater.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Am`phi*the*at"ric</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am`phi*the*at"ric*al</hw> (&?;),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>amphitheatricus</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to,
exhibited in, or resembling, an amphitheater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`phi*the*at"ric*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
form or manner of an amphitheater.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am*phit"ro*cha</hw> (&abreve;m*f&ibreve;t"r&osl;k&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'amfi`</grk> + <grk>trocho`s</grk>
a wheel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of annelid larva having both a
dorsal and a ventral circle of special cilia.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Am*phit"ro*pal</hw> (-p<i>a</i>l), <hw>Am*phit"ro*pous</hw> (-
p&ubreve;s), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'amfi`</grk> +
<grk>tre`pein</grk> to turn.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the ovule inverted,
but with the attachment near the middle of one side; half
anatropous.</def></p>

<p><! p. 51 !></p>

<p><hw>||Am`phi*u"ma</hw> (&abreve;m`f&ibreve;*&umacr;"m&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of amphibians,
inhabiting the Southern United States, having a serpentlike form, but with
four minute limbs and two persistent gill openings; the Congo
snake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`pho*pep"tone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + E.
<i>peptone</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A product of gastric digestion, a
mixture of hemipeptone and antipeptone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am"pho*ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Amophor&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, a jar with
two handles; &?; + &?; bearer, &?; to bear. Cf. <u>Ampul</u>.] <def>Among
the ancients, a two-handled vessel, tapering at the bottom, used for
holding wine, oil, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"pho*ral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>amphoralis</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, an amphora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*phor"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Produced by, or indicating, a cavity in the lungs, not filled, and
giving a sound like that produced by blowing into an empty decanter; as,
<i>amphoric</i> respiration or resonance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`pho*ter"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; both.]
<def>Partly one and partly the other; neither acid nor alkaline;
neutral.</def> [R.]  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"ple</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>ample</i>, L.
<i>amplus</i>, prob. for <i>ambiplus</i> full on both sides, the last
syllable akin to L. <i>plenus</i> full. See <u>Full</u>, and cf.
<u>Double</u>.] <def>Large; great in size, extent, capacity, or bulk;
spacious; roomy; widely extended.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the people in that <i>ample</i> house<BR>
Did to that image bow their humble knees.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fully sufficient; abundant; liberal; copious;
as, an <i>ample</i> fortune; <i>ample</i> justice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not contracted of brief; not concise; extended;
diffusive; as, an <i>ample</i> narrative.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Full; spacious; extensive; wide; capacious; abundant;
plentiful; plenteous; copious; bountiful; rich; liberal; munificent.  --
<u>Ample</u>, <u>Copious</u>, <u>Abundant</u>, <u>Plenteous</u>. These
words agree in representing a thing as <i>large</i>, but under different
relations, according to the image which is used. <i>Ample</i> implies
largeness, producing a sufficiency or fullness of supply for every want;
as, <i>ample</i> stores or resources, <i>ample</i> provision.
<i>Copious</i> carries with it the idea of flow, or of collection at a
single point; as, a <i>copious</i> supply of materials. "<i>Copious</i>
matter of my song." <i>Milton.</i> <i>Abundant</i> and <i>plenteous</i>
refer to largeness of quantity; as, <i>abundant</i> stores;
<i>plenteous</i> harvests.</p>

<p><hw>Am*plec"tant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>amplecti</i> to
embrace.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Clasping a support; as, <i>amplectant</i>
tendrils.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"ple*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being ample; largeness; fullness; completeness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`plex*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amplexari</i>
to embrace.] <def>An embrace.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An humble <i>amplexation</i> of those sacred feet.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am*plex"i*caul</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>amplexus</i>,
p. p. of <i>amplecti</i> to encircle, to embrace + <i>caulis</i> stem: cf.
F. <i>amplexicaule</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Clasping or embracing a stem,
as the base of some leaves.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"pli*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>ampliatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>ampliare</i> to make wider, fr. <i>amplus</i>. See
<u>Ample</u>.] <def>To enlarge.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To maintain and <i>ampliate</i> the external possessions of
your empire.<BR>
<i>Udall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am"pli*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the outer edge prominent; said of the wings of
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`pli*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ampliatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>ampliation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Enlargement;
amplification.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>A postponement of the
decision of a cause, for further consideration or re-argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"pli*a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>Enlarging a conception by adding to that which is already known or
received.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"All bodies possess power of attraction" is an
<i>ampliative</i> judgment; because we can think of bodies without thinking
of attraction as one of their immediate primary attributes.<BR>
<i>Abp. W. Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am*plif"i*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>amplificatus</i>, p. p. of <i>amplificare</i>.] <def>To amplify.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`pli*fi*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>amplificatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of amplifying or
enlarging in dimensions; enlargement; extension.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The enlarging of a simple
statement by particularity of description, the use of epithets, etc., for
rhetorical effect; diffuse narrative or description, or a dilating upon all
the particulars of a subject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Exaggeration is a species of <i>amplification</i>.<BR>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall summarily, without any <i>amplification</i> at all,
show in what manner defects have been supplied.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The matter by which a statement is amplified;
as, the subject was presented without <i>amplifications</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*plif"i*ca*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Amplificatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*plif"i*ca*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
amplify or enlarge; amplificative.</def>  <i>Morell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"pli*fi`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who or that
which amplifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"pli*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Amplified</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Amplifying</u>.] [F. <i>amplifier</i>, L.  <i>amplificare</i>. See
<u>Ample</u>, <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render larger, more
extended, or more intense, and the like; -- used especially of telescopes,
microscopes, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>To enlarge by addition or
discussion; to treat copiously by adding particulars, illustrations, etc.;
to expand; to make much of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Troilus and Cressida was written by a Lombard author, but
much <i>amplified</i> by our English translator.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am"pli*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become larger.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Strait was the way at first, withouten light,<BR>
But further in did further <i>amplify</i>.<BR>
<i>Fairfax.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To speak largely or copiously; to be diffuse in
argument or description; to dilate; to expatiate; -- often with <i>on</i>
or <i>upon</i>.</def>  <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He must often enlarge and <i>amplify</i> upon the subject he
handles.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am"pli*tude</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amplitudo</i>,
fr. <i>amplus</i>: cf. F. <i>amplitude</i>. See <u>Ample</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>State of being ample; extent of surface or space;
largeness of dimensions; size.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cathedral of Lincoln . . . is a magnificent structure,
proportionable to the <i>amplitude</i> of the diocese.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Largeness, in a figurative sense; breadth;
abundance; fullness.</def> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of extent of capacity
or intellectual powers.</def>  "<i>Amplitude</i> of mind." <i>Milton.</i>
"<i>Amplitude</i> of comprehension." <i>Macaulay.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Of extent of means or resources.</def>  "<i>Amplitude</i> of reward."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The arc of
the horizon between the true east or west point and the center of the sun,
or a star, at its rising or setting. At the rising, the amplitude is
eastern or ortive: at the setting, it is western, occiduous, or occasive.
It is also northern or southern, when north or south of the equator.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The arc of the horizon between the true east or
west point and the foot of the vertical circle passing through any star or
object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>The horizontal line which measures
the distance to which a projectile is thrown; the range.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The extent of a movement
measured from the starting point or position of equilibrium; -- applied
especially to vibratory movements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(math.)</i> <def>An angle upon which the value of
some function depends; -- a term used more especially in connection with
elliptic functions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magnetic amplitude</b></col>, <cd>the angular distance of a
heavenly body, when on the horizon, from the magnetic east or west point as
indicated by the compass. The difference between the magnetic and the true
or astronomical amplitude (see 3 above) is the "variation of the
compass."</cd></p>

<p><hw>Am"ply</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an ample
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"pul</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ampella</i>,
<i>ampolla</i>, L. <i>ampulla</i>: cf. OF. <i>ampolle</i>, F.
<i>ampoule</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Ampulla, 2.</u></def></p>

<p><hw>||Am*pul"la</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ampull&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A narrow-necked vessel having two handles and bellying out
like a jug.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cruet for
the wine and water at Mass.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The vase in
which the holy oil for chrism, unction, or coronation is kept.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Any membranous bag shaped like a
leathern bottle, as the dilated end of a vessel or duct; especially the
dilations of the semicircular canals of the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`pul*la"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ampullaceus</i>, fr. <i>ampulla</i>.] <def>Like a bottle or inflated
bladder; bottle-shaped; swelling.</def>  <i>Kirby.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ampullaceous sac</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the
peculiar cavities in the tissues of sponges, containing the zooidal
cells.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Am"pul*lar</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am`pul*la*ry</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling an ampulla.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Am"pul*late</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am"pul*la`ted</hw> (&?;) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an ampulla; flask-shaped;
bellied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*pul"li*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ampulla</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Flask-shaped; dilated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"pu*tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Amputated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Amputating</u>.] [L. <i>amputatus</i>, p. p. of <i>amputare</i>: <i>amb-
</i> + <i>putare</i> to prune, <i>putus</i> clean, akin to E. <i>pure</i>.
See <u>Putative</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prune or lop off, as
branches or tendrils.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>To cut off (a limb or projecting
part of the body)</def>.  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`pu*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amputatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>amputation</i>.] <def>The act of amputating; esp. the operation
of cutting off a limb or projecting part of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"pu*ta"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
amputates.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am"pyx</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <i>(Greek
Antiq.)</i> <def>A woman's headband (sometimes of metal), for binding the
front hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am*ri"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>amrita</i>.]
<i>(Hind. Myth.)</i> <def>Immortality; also, the nectar conferring
immortality.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Ambrosial;
immortal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"sel</hw>, <hw>Am"zel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ger. See
<u>Ousel</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European ring ousel (<i>Turdus
torquatus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>A*muck"</hw> (&adot;*m&ubreve;k"), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos>
[Malay <i>amoq</i> furious.] <def>In a frenzied and reckless
manner.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To run amuck</b></col>, <cd>to rush out in a state of frenzy, as
the Malays sometimes do under the influence of "bhang," and attack every
one that comes in the way; to assail recklessly and
indiscriminately.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Satire's my weapon, but I'm too discreet<BR>
To run <i>amuck</i>, and tilt at all I meet.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Am"u*let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amuletum</i>: cf.
F. <i>amulette</i>.] <def>An ornament, gem, or scroll, or a package
containing a relic, etc., worn as a charm or preservative against evils or
mischief, such as diseases and witchcraft, and generally inscribed with
mystic forms or characters. [Also used figuratively.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`u*let"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to an amulet; operating as a charm.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mur"cous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>amurcosus</i>,
L. <i>amurca</i> the dregs of olives, Gr. <grk>'amo`rghs</grk>, fr.
<grk>'ame`rgein</grk> to pluck.] <def>Full off dregs; foul.</def> [R.]
<i>Knowles.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*mus"a*ble</hw> (&adot;*m&umacr;z"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>amusable</i>.] <def>Capable of being amused.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*muse"</hw> (&adot;*m&umacr;z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Amused</u> (&adot;*m&umacr;zd");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Amusing</u>.] [F. <i>amuser</i> to
make stay, to detain, to amuse, <i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + OF.
<i>muser</i>. See <u>Muse</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To occupy or engage the attention of; to lose in deep thought; to
absorb; also, to distract; to bewilder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Camillus set upon the Gauls when they were <i>amused</i> in
receiving their gold.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Being <i>amused</i> with grief, fear, and fright, he could
not find the house.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To entertain or occupy in a pleasant manner; to
stir with pleasing or mirthful emotions; to divert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A group of children <i>amusing</i> themselves with pushing
stones from the top [of the cliff], and watching as they plunged into the
lake.<BR>
<i>Gilpin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To keep in expectation; to beguile; to
delude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>amused</i> his followers with idle promises.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To entertain; gratify; please; divert; beguile; deceive;
occupy.  -- To <u>Amuse</u>, <u>Divert</u>, <u>Entertain</u>. We are
<i>amused</i> by that which occupies us lightly and pleasantly. We are
<i>entertained</i> by that which brings our minds into agreeable contact
with others, as conversation, or a book. We are <i>diverted</i> by that
which turns off our thoughts to something of livelier interest, especially
of a sportive nature, as a humorous story, or a laughable incident.</p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever <i>amuses</i> serves to kill time, to lull the
faculties, and to banish reflection. Whatever <i>entertains</i> usually
awakens the understanding or gratifies the fancy. Whatever <i>diverts</i>
is lively in its nature, and sometimes tumultuous in its effects.<BR>
<i>Crabb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*muse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To muse; to
mediate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*mused"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Diverted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing amusement; as, an <i>amused</i>
look.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*muse"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>amusement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deep thought; muse.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here I . . . fell into a strong and deep <i>amusement</i>,
revolving in my mind, with great perplexity, the amazing change of our
affairs.<BR>
<i>Fleetwood.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being amused; pleasurable
excitement; that which amuses; diversion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His favorite <i>amusements</i> were architecture and
gardening.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diversion; entertainment; recreation; relaxation;
pastime; sport.</p>

<p><hw>A*mus"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
amuses.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`u*sette"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A light
field cannon, or stocked gun mounted on a swivel.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mus"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving amusement;
diverting; as, an <i>amusing</i> story.</def>  -- <wf>A*mus"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*mu"sive</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power to
amuse or entertain the mind; fitted to excite mirth.</def> [R.] --
<wf>A*mu"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>A*mu"sive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*my"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ami</i>, fr. L.
<i>amicus</i>.] <def>A friend.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*my"e*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; without
marrow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Wanting the spinal cord.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*myg`da*la"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Akin to, or derived from, the almond.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*myg"da*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>amygdala</i>,
<i>amygdalum</i>, almond, Gr. &?;, &?;. See <u>Almond</u>.] <def>Pertaining
to, resembling, or made of, almonds.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*myg"da*late</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An emulsion made of almonds; milk of almonds.</def>
<i>Bailey. Coxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt amygdalic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`yg*dal"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to almonds; derived from amygdalin; as, <i>amygdalic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*myg`da*lif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>amygdalum</i> almond + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Almond-bearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*myg"da*lin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside extracted from bitter almonds as a white, crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*myg"da*line</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>amygdalinus</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling,
almonds.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*myg"da*loid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; almond +
<i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>amygdalo&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety
of trap or basaltic rock, containing small cavities, occupied, wholly or in
part, by nodules or geodes of different minerals, esp. agates, quartz,
calcite, and the zeolites. When the imbedded minerals are detached or
removed by decomposition, it is porous, like lava.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*myg"da*loid</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*myg`da*loid"al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Almond-shaped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or having the nature of, the rock
amygdaloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"yl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>am</i>ylum starch +
<i>-yl</i>. Cf. <u>Amidin</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon radical,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>11</sub>, of the paraffine series found in amyl alcohol
or fusel oil, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`y*la"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>amylum</i>
starch, Gr. &?;. See <u>Amidin</u>.] <def>Pertaining to starch; of the
nature of starch; starchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"y*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
compound of the radical amyl with oxygen and a positive atom or
radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"y*lene</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One
of a group of metameric hydrocarbons, C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>, of the
ethylene series. The colorless, volatile, mobile liquid commonly called
amylene is a mixture of different members of the group.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*myl"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, amyl; as, <i>amylic</i>
ether.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Amylic alcohol</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>one of the series
of alcohols, a transparent, colorless liquid, having a peculiar odor. It is
the hydroxide of amyl.</cd> -- <col><b>Amylic fermentation</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a process of fermentation in starch or sugar in which
amylic alcohol is produced.</cd>  <i>Gregory.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Am`y*lo*bac"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>amyl</i>um starch
+ NL. <i>bacter</i>ium. See <u>Bacterium</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
micro&ouml;rganism (<i>Bacillus amylobacter</i>) which develops in
vegetable tissue during putrefaction.</def>  <i>Sternberg.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Am"y*loid</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am`y*loid"al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>amylum</i> starch + <i>-oid</i>.]
<def>Resembling or containing amyl; starchlike.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Amyloid degeneration</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a diseased
condition of various organs of the body, produced by the deposit of an
albuminous substance, giving a blue color with iodine and sulphuric acid; -
- called also <i>waxy or lardaceous degeneration</i>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 52 !></p>

<p><hw>Am"y*loid</hw> (&abreve;m"&ybreve;*loid), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A non-nitrogenous starchy food; a starchlike
substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The substance deposited in the
organs in amyloid degeneration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`y*lo*ly"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; starch +
&?; solvent; &?; to dissolve.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Effecting the
conversion of starch into soluble dextrin and sugar; as, an
<i>amylolytic</i> ferment.</def>  <i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am`y*lose"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One
of the starch group (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>5</sub>)n of the
carbohydrates; as, starch, arabin, dextrin, cellulose, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"y*ous</hw> (&abreve;m"&ibreve;*&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>'a`myos</grk>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Wanting in muscle; without
flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"yss</hw> (&abreve;m"&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Amice</u>, a hood or cape.</def></p>

<p><hw>An</hw> (&abreve;n). [AS. <i>&amacr;n</i> one, the same word as the
numeral. See <u>One</u>, and cf. <u>A</u>.] <def>This word is properly an
<i>adjective</i>, but is commonly called the <i>indefinite article</i>. It
is used before nouns of the singular number only, and signifies <i>one</i>,
or <i>any</i>, but somewhat less emphatically. In such expressions as
"twice <i>an</i> hour," "once <i>an</i> age," a shilling <i>an</i> ounce
(see 2d <u>A</u>, 2), it has a distributive force, and is equivalent to
<i>each</i>, <i>every</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>An</i> is used before a word beginning with a vowel sound; as,
<i>an</i> enemy, <i>an</i> hour. It in also often used before <i>h
sounded</i>, when the accent of the word falls on the second syllable; as,
<i>an</i> historian, <i>an</i> hyena, <i>an</i> heroic deed. Many writers
use <i>a</i> before <i>h</i> in such positions. Anciently <i>an</i> was
used before consonants as well as vowels.</p>

<p><hw>An</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [Shortened fr. <i>and</i>, OE.
<i>an</i>., <i>and</i>, sometimes <i>and if</i>, in introducing conditional
clauses, like Icel. <i>enda</i> if, the same word as <i>and</i>. Prob.
<i>and</i> was originally pleonastic before the conditional clause.]
<def>If; -- a word used by old English authors.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nay, <i>an</i> thou dalliest, then I am thy foe.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>An if</b></col>, <cd>and if; if.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An"a-</hw>. [Gr. <grk>'ana`</grk> on; <i>in comp.</i>, on, up,
upwards.] <def>A prefix in words from the Greek, denoting <i>up</i>,
<i>upward</i>, <i>throughout</i>, <i>backward</i>, <i>back</i>,
<i>again</i>, <i>anew</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"na</hw> (&amacr;"n&adot;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ana`</grk> (used distributively).] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of each; an
equal quantity; as, wine and honey, <i>ana</i> (or, contracted, <i>aa</i>),
&?; ij., that is, of wine and honey, each, two ounces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An apothecary with a . . . long bill of <i>anas</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>-a"na</hw> (&?;). [The neut. pl. ending of Latin adjectives in <i>-
anus</i>.] <def>A suffix to names of persons or places, used to denote a
collection of notable sayings, literary gossip, anecdotes, etc. Thus,
<i>Scaligerana</i> is a book containing the sayings of Scaliger,
<i>Johnsoniana</i> of Johnson, etc.</def></p>

<p>Used also as a substantive; as, the French <i>anas</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>It has been said that the table-talk of Selden is worth all
the <i>ana</i> of the Continent.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An`a*bap"tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anabaptismus</i>, Gr. <grk>'anabaptismo`s</grk>: cf. F.
<i>anabaptisme</i>. See <u>Anabaptize</u>.] <def>The doctrine of the
Anabaptists.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*bap"tist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>anabaptista</i>, fr. Gr. as if <grk>'anabaptisth`s</grk>: cf. F.
<i>anabaptiste</i>.] <def>A name sometimes applied to a member of any sect
holding that rebaptism is necessary for those baptized in
infancy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In church history, the name Anabaptists usually designates a sect
of fanatics who greatly disturbed the peace of Germany, the Netherlands,
etc., in the Reformation period. In more modern times the name has been
applied to those who do not regard infant baptism as real and valid
baptism.</p>

<p>{ <hw>An`a*bap*tis"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`a*bap*tis"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating or attributed to the Anabaptists, or
their doctrines.</def>  <i>Milton. Bp. Bull.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`a*bap"tist*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine,
system, or practice, of Anabaptists.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thus died this imaginary king; and <i>Anabaptistry</i> was
suppressed in Munster.<BR>
<i>Pagitt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An`a*bap*tize"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
again + &?; to baptize. See <u>Baptize</u>.] <def>To rebaptize; to
rechristen; also, to rename.</def> [R.]  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An"a*bas</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, p. p. of &?;
to advance.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fishes, remarkable for
their power of living long out of water, and of making their way on land
for considerable distances, and for climbing trees; the climbing
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*nab"a*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
go up; &?; up + &?; to go.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A journey or expedition
up from the coast, like that of the younger Cyrus into Central Asia,
described by Xenophon in his work called "The Anabasis."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>anabasis</i> of Napoleon.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The first period, or increase, of
a disease; augmentation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An`a*bat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Pertaining to anabasis; as, an <i>anabatic</i> fever.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An`a*bol"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; something
heaped up; &?; + &?; a stroke.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
anabolism; an <i>anabolic</i> changes, or processes, more or less
constructive in their nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nab"o*lism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The constructive metabolism of the body, as distinguished from
<i>katabolism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*camp"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to bend
back; &?; back + &?; to bend.] <def>Reflecting of reflected; as, an
<i>anacamptic</i> sound (and echo).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word was formerly applied to that part of optics which treats
of reflection; the same as what is now called <i>catoptric</i>. See
<u>Catoptrics</u>.</p>

<p><hw>An`a*camp"tic*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
reflection; as, echoes are sound produced <i>anacamptically</i>.</def>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`a*camp"tics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The science of reflected light, now called
<i>catoptrics</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The science of reflected sounds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||An`a*can"thi*ni</hw> (&?;), <hw>An"a*canths</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?; thorny,
fr. &?; thorn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of teleostean fishes
destitute of spiny fin-rays, as the cod.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*can"thous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spineless, as
certain fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*car"di*a"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Belonging to, or resembling, a family, or order, of plants of which
the cashew tree is the type, and the species of sumac are well known
examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*car"dic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
derived from, the cashew nut; as, <i>anacardic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`a*car"di*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
similar to + &?; heart; -- the fruit of this plant being thought to
resemble the heart of a bird.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants
including the cashew tree. See <u>Cashew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*ca*thar"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to cleanse upward, <i>i. e.</i>, by vomiting; &?; + &?;. See
<u>Cathartic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing vomiting or
expectoration.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An anacathartic
medicine; an expectorant or an emetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*ach"a*ris</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; up
+ &?; grace.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fresh-water weed of the frog's-bit
family (<i>Hydrocharidace&aelig;</i>), native to America. Transferred to
England it became an obstruction to navigation. Called also
<i>waterweed</i> and <i>water thyme</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ach"o*ret</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<hw>An*ach`o*ret"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Anchoret</u>, <u>Anchoretic</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An*ach"o*rism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?;
place.] <def>An error in regard to the place of an event or a thing; a
referring something to a wrong place.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An`a*chron"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`a*chron"ic*al</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by, or involving, anachronism;
anachronistic.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ach"ro*nism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
refer to a wrong time, to confound times; &?; + &?; time: cf. F.
<i>anachronisme</i>.] <def>A misplacing or error in the order of time; an
error in chronology by which events are misplaced in regard to each other,
esp. one by which an event is placed too early; falsification of
chronological relation.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ach`ro*nis"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Erroneous in
date; containing an anachronism.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*ach"ro*nize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>To refer to, or put into, a wrong time.</def> [R.]  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*ach"ro*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing an
anachronism; anachronistic.</def>  -- <wf>An*ach"ro*nous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An`a*clas"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to bend back
and break; to reflect (light); &?; + &?; to break.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Produced by the refraction of light, as seen through
water; as, <i>anaclastic</i> curves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Springing back, as the bottom of an
<i>anaclastic</i> glass.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Anaclastic glass</b></col>, <cd>a glass or phial, shaped like an
inverted funnel, and with a very thin convex bottom. By sucking out a
little air, the bottom springs into a concave form with a smart crack; and
by breathing or blowing gently into the orifice, the bottom, with a like
noise, springs into its former convex form.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An`a*clas"tics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>That part of optics which treats of the refraction of light; --
commonly called <i>dioptrics</i>.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An`a*c&oelig;*no"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
fr. &?;, to communicate; &?; up + &?; to make common, &?; common.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by which a speaker appeals to his hearers or
opponents for their opinion on the point in debate.</def>
<i>Walker.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`a*co*lu"thic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lacking
grammatical sequence.</def>  -- <wf>An`a*co*lu"thic*al*ly</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||An`a*co*lu"thon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
not following, wanting sequence; <grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?; following.]
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A want of grammatical sequence or coherence in a
sentence; an instance of a change of construction in a sentence so that the
latter part does not syntactically correspond with the first
part.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*con"da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Ceylonese origin?]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large South American snake of the Boa family
(<i>Eunectes murinus</i>), which lives near rivers, and preys on birds and
small mammals. The name is also applied to a similar large serpent
(<i>Python tigris</i>) of Ceylon.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nac`re*on"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Anacreonticus</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, after the manner of, or in the
meter of, the Greek poet Anacreon; amatory and convivial.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*nac`re*on"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A poem after the
manner of Anacreon; a sprightly little poem in praise of love and
wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*crot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to anachronism.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nac"ro*tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, up, again +
&?; a stroke.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A secondary notch in the pulse curve,
obtained in a sphygmographic tracing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`a*cru"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
push up or back; &?; + &?; to strike.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A prefix of one
or two unaccented syllables to a verse properly beginning with an accented
syllable.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"a*dem</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>anadema</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to wreathe; &?; up + &?; to bind.] <def>A garland or fillet; a
chaplet or wreath.</def>  <i>Drayton. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An`a*di*plo"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;;
&?; + &?; to double, &?;, &?;, twofold, double.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
repetition of the last word or any prominent word in a sentence or clause,
at the beginning of the next, with an adjunct idea; as, "He retained his
virtues amidst all his <i>misfortunes</i> -- <i>misfortunes</i> which no
prudence could foresee or prevent."</def></p>

<p><hw>An"a*drom</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>anadrome</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish that leaves the sea and ascends
rivers.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nad"ro*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; running
upward; &?; + &?; a running, &?; to run.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Ascending rivers from the sea, at certain seasons,
for breeding, as the salmon, shad, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Tending upwards; -- said of terns
in which the lowest secondary segments are on the upper side of the branch
of the central stem.</def>  <i>D. C. Eaton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*n&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (&adot;*n&emacr;"m&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'anaimi`a</grk>; <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + <grk>a'i^ma</grk> blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition in
which the blood is deficient in quality or in quantity.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*n&aelig;m"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an&aelig;mia.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*a`&euml;*rob"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Relating to, or like, ana&euml;robies; ana&euml;robiotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*a"&euml;r*o*bies</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?;, &?;, air + <grk>bi`os</grk> life.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Micro&ouml;rganisms which do not require oxygen, but
are killed by it.</def>  <i>Sternberg.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*a`&euml;r*o*bi*ot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Related to, or of the nature of,
ana&euml;robies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`&aelig;s*the"si*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;; <grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?; feeling, &?; to feel: cf. F.
<i>anesth&eacute;sie</i>. See <u>&AElig;sthetics</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Entire or partial loss or absence of feeling or sensation; a state of
general or local insensibility produced by disease or by the inhalation or
application of an an&aelig;sthetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`&aelig;s*the"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>An&aelig;sthesia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`&aelig;s*thet"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Capable of rendering insensible; as,
<i>an&aelig;sthetic</i> agents.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Characterized by, or connected with, insensibility; as, an
<i>an&aelig;sthetic</i> effect or operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`&aelig;s*thet"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>That which produces insensibility to pain, as chloroform, ether,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*&aelig;s`the*ti*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
process of an&aelig;sthetizing; also, the condition of the nervous system
induced by an&aelig;sthetics.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*&aelig;s"the*tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>To render insensible by an an&aelig;sthetic.</def>
<i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"a*glyph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wrought in low
relief, &?; embossed work; &?; + &?; to engrave.] <def>Any sculptured,
chased, or embossed ornament worked in low relief, as a cameo.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`a*glyph"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`a*glyph"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the art of chasing or embossing in
relief; anaglyptic; -- opposed to <i>diaglyptic</i> or sunk work.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*glyph"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work chased or
embossed relief.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*glyp"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anaglypticus</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;. See <u>Anaglyph</u>.] <def>Relating to
the art of carving, enchasing, or embossing in low relief.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*glyp"tics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
carving in low relief, embossing, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*glyp"to*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-
graph</i>.] <def>An instrument by which a correct engraving of any embossed
object, such as a medal or cameo, can be executed.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`a*glyp`to*graph"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to anaglyptography; as, <i>anaglyptographic</i>
engraving.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*glyp*tog"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
embossed + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The art of copying works in relief, or of
engraving as to give the subject an embossed or raised appearance; -- used
in representing coins, bas-reliefs, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`ag*nor"i*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Latinized fr.
Gr. &?;; &?; + &?; to recognize.] <def>The unfolding or
d&eacute;nouement.</def> [R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`a*go"ge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a leading up;
&?; + &?; a leading, &?; to lead.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An elevation of
mind to things celestial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The spiritual meaning or application; esp. the
application of the types and allegories of the Old Testament to subjects of
the New.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`a*gog"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`a*gog"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mystical; having a secondary spiritual meaning;
as, the <i>rest</i> of the Sabbath, in an <i>anagogical</i> sense,
signifies the repose of the saints in heaven; an <i>anagogical</i>
explication.</def>  -- <wf>An`a*gog"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An`a*gog"ics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Mystical
interpretations or studies, esp. of the Scriptures.</def>  <i>L.
Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"a*go`gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Anagoge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"a*gram</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>anagramme</i>, LL.
<i>anagramma</i>, fr. Gr. &?; back, again + &?; to write. See
<u>Graphic</u>.] <def>Literally, the letters of a word read backwards, but
in its usual wider sense, the change or one word or phrase into another by
the transposition of its letters. Thus <i>Galenus</i> becomes
<i>angelus</i>; <i>William Noy</i> (attorney-general to Charles I., and a
laborious man) may be turned into <i>I moyl in law</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"a*gram</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
anagrammatize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some of these <i>anagramed</i> his name, Benlowes, into
Benevolus.<BR>
<i>Warburton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`a*gram*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`a*gram*mat"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>anagramtique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to,
containing, or making, an anagram.</def>  --
<wf>An`a*gram*mat"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An`a*gram"ma*tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>anagrammatisme</i>.] <def>The act or practice of making anagrams.</def>
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`a*gram"ma*tist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>anagrammatiste</i>.] <def>A maker anagrams.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*gram"ma*tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; cf.
F. <i>anagrammatiser</i>.] <def>To transpose, as the letters of a word, so
as to form an anagram.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"a*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a writing out,
fr. &?; to write out, to record; &?; + &?; to write.] <def>An inventory; a
record.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Knowles.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||An"a*kim</hw> (&?;), <hw>A"naks</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [Heb.] <i>(Bibl.)</i> <def>A race of giants living in
Palestine.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Anus</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or situated near, the anus; as, the
<i>anal</i> fin or glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nal"cime</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + <grk>'a`lkimos</grk> strong, <grk>'alkh`</grk> strength: cf. F.
<i>analcime</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A white or flesh-red mineral, of the
zeolite family, occurring in isometric crystals. By friction, it acquires
<i>a weak</i> electricity; hence its name.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nal"cite</hw> (-s&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'analkh`s</grk> weak.] <def>Analcime.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*lec"tic</hw> (&abreve;n`&adot;*l&ebreve;k"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to analects; made up of selections; as,
an <i>analectic</i> magazine.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An"a*lects</hw> (&abreve;n"&adot;*l&ebreve;kts),
<hw>||An`a*lec"ta</hw> (&abreve;n`&adot;*l&ebreve;k"t&adot;), } <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'ana`lekta</grk> fr. <grk>'anale`gein</grk> to
collect; <grk>'ana`</grk> + <grk>le`gein</grk> to gather.] <def>A
collection of literary fragments.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`a*lem"ma</hw> (-l&ebreve;m"m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>analemma</i> a sun dial on a pedestal, showing the latitude and meridian
of a place, Gr. <grk>'ana`lhmma</grk> a support, or thing supported, a sun
dial, fr. <grk>'analamba`nein</grk> to take up; <grk>'ana`</grk> +
<grk>lamba`nein</grk> to take.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
orthographic projection of the sphere on the plane of the meridian, the eye
being supposed at an infinite distance, and in the east or west point of
the horizon.</def></p>

<p><! p. 53 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument of wood or brass, on which this
projection of the sphere is made, having a movable horizon or cursor; --
formerly much used in solving some common astronomical problems.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A scale of the sun's declination for each day of
the year, drawn across the torrid zone on an artificial terrestrial
globe.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||An`a*lep"sis</hw> (&abreve;n`&adot;*l&ebreve;p"s&ibreve;s),
<hw>An"a*lep"sy</hw> (&abreve;n"&adot;*l&ebreve;p`s&ybreve;), } [Gr. &?; a
taking up, or again, recovery, from &?;. See <u>Analemma</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Recovery of strength after
sickness.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A species of epileptic attack,
originating from gastric disorder.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*lep"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; restorative:
cf. F. <i>analeptique</i>. See <u>Analepsis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Restorative; giving strength after disease.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A restorative.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`al*ge"si*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'analghsi`a</grk>; <grk>'an</grk> priv. + <grk>'a`lghsis</grk> sense
of pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Absence of sensibility to pain.</def>
<i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`al*lag*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?; a change.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Not changed in
form by inversion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Anallagmatic curves</b></col>, <cd>a class of curves of the
fourth degree which have certain peculiar relations to circles; --
sometimes called <i>bicircular quartics</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Anallagmatic
surfaces</b></col>, <cd>a certain class of surfaces of the fourth
degree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An`al*lan*to"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Without, or not developing, an allantois.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`al*lan*toid"e*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'an</grk> priv. + E. <i>allantoidea</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
division of Vertebrata in which no allantois is developed. It includes
amphibians, fishes, and lower forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nal"o*gal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Analogous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`a*log"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Analogous</u>.]
<def>Of or belonging to analogy.</def>  <i>Geo. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`a*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Founded on, or of the nature of, analogy; expressing or implying
analogy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a country which has sent out colonies is termed the
mother country, the expression is <i>analogical</i>.<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having analogy; analogous.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`a*log"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an analogical
sense; in accordance with analogy; by way of similitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A prince is <i>analogically</i> styled a pilot, being to the
state as a pilot is to the vessel.<BR>
<i>Berkeley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An`a*log"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
analogical.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nal"o*gism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; course of
reasoning, fr. &?; to think over, to calculate] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>Logic</i> <def>an argument from the cause to the effect; an <i>a
priori</i> argument.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Investigation of things by the analogy they bear
to each other.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*nal"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who reasons
from analogy, or represent, by analogy.</def>  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*nal"o*gize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To employ, or reason
by, analogy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*nal"o*gon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Analogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nal"o*gous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>analogous</i>,
Gr. &?; according to a due ratio, proportionate; &?; + &?; ratio,
proportion. See <u>Logic</u>.] <def>Having analogy; corresponding to
something else; bearing some resemblance or proportion; -- often followed
by <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Analogous</i> tendencies in arts and manners.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Decay of public spirit, which may be considered
<i>analogous</i> to natural death.<BR>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>nalogous pole</b></col> <i>(Pyroelect.)</i>, <cd>that pole of a
crystal which becomes positively electrified when heated.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Correspondent; similar; like.</p>

<p>-- <wf>A*nal"o gous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>A*nal"o*gous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An"a*logue</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. &?;, fr. Gr.
&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is analogous to, or corresponds
with, some other thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vexatious tyranny of the individual despot meets its
<i>analogue</i> in the insolent tyranny of the many.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>A word in one language
corresponding with one in another; an analogous term; as, the Latin "pater"
is the <i>analogue</i> of the English "father."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An organ
which is equivalent in its functions to a different organ in another
species or group, or even in the same group; as, the gill of a fish is the
<i>analogue</i> of a lung in a quadruped, although the two are not of like
structural relations.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A species in one genus
or group having its characters parallel, one by one, with those of another
group.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A species or genus in one country
closely related to a species of the same genus, or a genus of the same
group, in another: such species are often called <i>representative
species</i>, and such genera, <i>representative genera</i>.</def>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*nal"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Analogies</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>analogia</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>analogie</i>. See <u>Analogous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
resemblance of relations; an agreement or likeness between things in some
circumstances or effects, when the things are otherwise entirely different.
Thus, learning <i>enlightens</i> the mind, because it is to the mind what
<i>light</i> is to the eye, enabling it to discover things before
hidden.</def></p>

<p>Followed by <i>between</i>, <i>to</i>, or <i>with</i>; as, there is an
<i>analogy between</i> these objects, or one thing has an <i>analogy to</i>
or <i>with</i> another.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Analogy</i> is very commonly used to denote similarity or
essential resemblance; but its specific meaning is a similarity of
<i>relations</i>, and in this consists the difference between the argument
from <i>example</i> and that from <i>analogy</i>. In the former, we argue
from the mere similarity of two things; in the latter, from the similarity
of their <i>relations</i>.  <i>Karslake.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A relation or correspondence in
function, between organs or parts which are decidedly different.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Proportion; equality of
ratios.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Conformity of words to the
genius, structure, or general rules of a language; similarity of origin,
inflection, or principle of pronunciation, and the like, as opposed to
<i>anomaly</i>.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"a*lyse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <hw>An"a*ly`ser</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, etc. <def>Same as <u>Analyze</u>,
<u>Analyzer</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nal"y*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Analyses</b></plw> (&?;). [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to unloose, to
dissolve, to resolve into its elements; &?; up + &?; to loose. See
<u>Loose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A resolution of anything, whether an
object of the senses or of the intellect, into its constituent or original
elements; an examination of the component parts of a subject, each
separately, as the words which compose a sentence, the tones of a tune, or
the simple propositions which enter into an argument. It is opposed to
<i>synthesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The separation of a compound
substance, by chemical processes, into its constituents, with a view to
ascertain either <i>(a)</i> what elements it contains, or <i>(b)</i> how
much of each element is present. The former is called <i>qualitative</i>,
and the latter <i>quantitative analysis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The tracing of things to their
source, and the resolving of knowledge into its original
principles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The resolving of problems by
reducing the conditions that are in them to equations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A syllabus, or table of the
principal heads of a discourse, disposed in their natural order.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A brief, methodical illustration of the principles
of a science. In this sense it is nearly synonymous with
<i>synopsis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>The process of ascertaining
the name of a species, or its place in a system of classification, by means
of an analytical table or key.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ultimate</b></col>, <col><b>Proximate</b></col>,
<col><b>Qualitative</b></col>, <col><b>Quantitative</b></col>, and
<col><b>Volumetric analysis</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Ultimate</u>, <u>Proximate</u>, <u>Qualitative</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An"a*lyst</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>analyste</i>. See
<u>Analysis</u>.] <def>One who analyzes; formerly, one skilled in
algebraical geometry; now commonly, one skilled in chemical
analysis.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`a*lyt"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`a*lyt"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>analytique</i>. See
<u>Analysis</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to analysis; resolving into
elements or constituent parts; as, an <i>analytical</i> experiment;
<i>analytic</i> reasoning; -- opposed to <i>synthetic</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Analytical</b></col> or <col><b>co&ouml;rdinate
geometry</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Geometry</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Analytic
language</b></col>, <cd>a noninflectional language or one not characterized
by grammatical endings.</cd> -- <col><b>Analytical table</b></col> <i>(Nat.
Hist.)</i>, <cd>a table in which the characteristics of the species or
other groups are arranged so as to facilitate the determination of their
names.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An`a*lyt"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an analytical
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*lyt"ics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science of
analysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"a*ly`za*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
analyzed.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*ly*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
analyzing, or separating into constituent parts; analysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"a*lyze</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Analyzed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Analyzing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>analyser</i>. See <u>Analysis</u>.] <def>To
subject to analysis; to resolve (anything complex) into its elements; to
separate into the constituent parts, for the purpose of an examination of
each separately; to examine in such a manner as to ascertain the elements
or nature of the thing examined; as, to <i>analyze</i> a fossil substance;
to <i>analyze</i> a sentence or a word; to <i>analyze</i> an action to
ascertain its morality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No one, I presume, can <i>analyze</i> the sensations of
pleasure or pain.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"a*ly`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, analyzes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The part of a polariscope which
receives the light after polarization, and exhibits its
properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*mese"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Anam, to southeastern Asia.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of
Anam.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`am*ne"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
remind, recall to memory; &?; + &?; to put in mind.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
recalling to mind; recollection.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`am*nes"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Aiding the memory; as, <i>anamnestic</i> remedies.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*am`ni*ot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Without, or not developing, an amnion.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*mor"phism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; again + &?;
form.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A distorted image.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A gradual progression from one
type to another, generally ascending.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`a*mor"pho*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to form anew; &?; again + &?; to form; &?; form.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Persp.)</i> <def>A distorted or monstrous projection or representation
of an image on a plane or curved surface, which, when viewed from a certain
point, or as reflected from a curved mirror or through a polyhedron,
appears regular and in proportion; a deformation of an image.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Anamorphism</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A morbid or monstrous development,
or change of form, or degeneration.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*mor"pho*sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Anamorphosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nan"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [See <u>Anon</u>.]
<def>An expression equivalent to What did you say? Sir? Eh?</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*na"nas</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>ananas</i>, from
the native American name.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The pineapple (<i>Ananassa
sativa</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>An*an"drous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + <grk>'andh`r</grk> a man.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Destitute of stamens,
as certain female flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*an"gu*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + E. <i>angular</i>.] <def>Containing no angle.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An*an"ther*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + E. <i>anther</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Destitute of anthers.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*an"thous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + <grk>'a`nqos</grk> a flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Destitute of
flowers; flowerless.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*p&aelig;st</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`a*p&aelig;s"tic</hw> (&?;).
<def>Same as <u>Anapest</u>, <u>Anapestic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"a*pest</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>anapaestus</i>,
Gr. &?; an anapest, <i>i.e.</i>, a dactyl reserved, or, as it were,
<i>struck back</i>; fr. &?;; &?; back + &?; to strike.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A metrical foot consisting of three syllables, the
first two short, or unaccented, the last long, or accented (&ssmile;
&ssmile; -); the reverse of the <i>dactyl</i>. In Latin <i>d&ebreve;-
&ibreve;-t&amacr;s</i>, and in English <i>in-ter-vene\'b6</i>, are examples
of anapests.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A verse composed of such feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*pes"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anapaesticus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to an anapest; consisting of
an anapests; as, an <i>anapestic</i> meter, foot, verse.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anapestic measure or verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*pes"tic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Anapestic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*naph"o*ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to carry up or back; &?; + &?; to carry.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
repetition of a word or of words at the beginning of two or more successive
clauses.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*aph`ro*dis"i*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?; sexual pleasure, &?; the goddess of love.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Absence of sexual appetite.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*aph`ro*dis"i*ac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?; pertaining to venery.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Antaphrodisiac</u>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*aph`ro*dit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; without
love.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Produced without concourse of sexes.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*plas"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to anaplasty.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*plas`ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; again + &?;
to form: cf. F. <i>anaplastie</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The art of
operation of restoring lost parts or the normal shape by the use of healthy
tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*ple*rot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anapleroticus</i>, fr. Gr. &?; to fill up; &?; + &?; to fill.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Filling up; promoting granulation of wounds or
ulcers.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy which promotes such
granulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nap"no*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; respiration
+ <i>-graph</i>.] <def>A form of spirometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ap*no"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; respiration.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Relating to respiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ap`o*deic"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?;. See <u>Apodeictic</u>.] <def>Not apodeictic;
undemonstrable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||An`a*poph"y*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; back +
&?; offshoot.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An accessory process in many lumbar
vertebr&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ap*tot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; back + &?;
belonging to case.] <def>Having lost, or tending to lose, inflections by
phonetic decay; as, <i>anaptotic</i> languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*ap"ty*chus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Anaptichi</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; unfolding; &?; back +
&?; to fold.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of a pair of shelly plates found in
some cephalopods, as the ammonites.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"arch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; without head or
chief; <grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?; beginning, the first place, magistracy,
government.] <def>The author of anarchy; one who excites revolt.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Imperial <i>anarchs</i> doubling human woes.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*nar"chal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lawless;
anarchical.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We are in the habit of calling those bodies of men
<i>anarchal</i> which are in a state of effervescence.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*nar"chic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*nar"chic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>anarchique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to
anarchy; without rule or government; in political confusion; tending to
produce anarchy; as, <i>anarchic</i> despotism; <i>anarchical</i>
opinions.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"arch*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>anarchisme</i>.] <def>The doctrine or practice of anarchists.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"arch*ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>anarchiste</i>.] <def>An anarch; one who advocates anarchy of aims at
the overthrow of civil government.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"arch*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reduce to
anarchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"arch*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>anarchie</i>. See <u>Anarch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Absence of
government; the state of society where there is no law or supreme power; a
state of lawlessness; political confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spread <i>anarchy</i> and terror all around.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, confusion or disorder, in
general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There being then . . . an <i>anarchy</i>, as I may term it,
in authors and their re&?;koning of years.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||An`ar*throp"o*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; without joints + <i>-poda</i>. See <u>Anarthrous</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the divisions of Articulata in which there
are no jointed legs, as the annelids; -- opposed to
<i>Arthropoda</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ar*throp"o*dous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having no jointed legs; pertaining to
Anarthropoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ar"throus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`narqros</grk> without joints, without the article; <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + <grk>'a`rqron</grk> joint, the article.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr.
Gram.)</i> <def>Used without the article; as, an <i>anarthrous</i>
substantive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Without joints, or having
the joints indistinct, as some insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"nas</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., duck.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of water fowls, of the order Anseres,
including certain species of fresh-water ducks.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`a*sar"ca</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
throughout + &?;, &?;, flesh.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Dropsy of the
subcutaneous cellular tissue; an effusion of serum into the cellular
substance, occasioning a soft, pale, inelastic swelling of the
skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*sar"cous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging, or
affected by, anasarca, or dropsy; dropsical.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><! p. 54 !></p>

<p><hw>An`a*stal"tic</hw> (-st&abreve;l"t&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'anastaltiko`s</grk> fitted for checking, fr.
<grk>'ana`</grk> + <grk>ste`llein</grk> to send.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Styptic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"a*state</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; up + &?; to
make to stand.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>One of a series of substances
formed, in secreting cells, by constructive or anabolic processes, in the
production of protoplasm; -- opposed to <i>katastate</i>.</def>
<i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`a*stat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; up + &?; to
make to stand: cf. &?; causing to stand.] <def>Pertaining to a process or a
style of printing from characters in relief on zinc plates.</def></p>

<p>In this process the letterpress, engraving, or design of any kind is
transferred to a zinc plate; the parts not covered with ink are eaten out,
leaving a facsimile in relief to be printed from.</p>

<p><hw>A*nas"to*mose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Anastomozed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Anastomosing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>anastomoser</i>, fr. <i>anastomose</i>.
See <u>Anastomosis</u>.] <i>(Anat. &amp; Bot.)</i> <def>To inosculate; to
intercommunicate by anastomosis, as the arteries and veins.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ribbing of the leaf, and the <i>anastomosing</i> network
of its vessels.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||A*nas`to*mo"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Anastomoses</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; opening, fr. &?; to
furnish with a mouth or opening, to open; &?; + <grk>sto`ma</grk> mouth:
cf. F. <i>anastomose</i>.] <i>(Anat. &amp; Bot.)</i> <def>The inosculation of
vessels, or intercommunication between two or more vessels or nerves, as
the cross communication between arteries or veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nas`to*mot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to anastomosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*nas"tro*phe</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to turn up or back; &?; + &?; to turn.] <i>(Rhet. &amp; Gram.)</i> <def>An
inversion of the natural order of words; as, <i>echoed the hills</i>, for,
the <i>hills echoed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nath"e*ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Anathemas</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>anath&?;ma</i>, fr. Gr. &?;
anything devoted, esp. to evil, a curse; also L. <i>anath&?;ma</i>, fr. Gr.
&?; a votive offering; all fr. &?; to set up as a votive gift, dedicate;
&?; up + &?; to set. See <u>Thesis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ban or
curse pronounced with religious solemnity by ecclesiastical authority, and
accompanied by excommunication. Hence: Denunciation of anything as
accursed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] denounce <i>anathemas</i> against unbelievers.<BR>
<i>Priestley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An imprecation; a curse; a
malediction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Finally she fled to London followed by the <i>anathemas</i>
of both [families].<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any person or thing anathematized, or cursed by
ecclesiastical authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Jewish nation were an <i>anathema</i> destined to
destruction. St. Paul . . . says he could wish, to save them from it, to
become an <i>anathema</i>, and be destroyed himself.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Anathema Maranatha</b></col> (&?;) (see <i>1 Cor. xvi. 22</i>),
<cd>an expression commonly considered as a highly intensified form of
<i>anathema</i>.  <i>Maran atha</i> is now considered as a separate
sentence, meaning, "Our Lord cometh."</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*nath`e*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*nath`e*mat"ic*al</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or having the nature of, an
anathema.</def>  -- <wf>A*nath`e*mat"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*nath"e*ma*tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
cursing; cf. F. <i>anath&eacute;matisme</i>.] <def>Anathematization.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We find a law of Justinian forbidding <i>anathematisms</i>
to be pronounced against the Jewish Hellenists.<BR>
<i>J. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*nath`e*ma*ti*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>anathematisatio</i>.] <def>The act of anathematizing, or denouncing as
accursed; imprecation.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*nath"e*ma*tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Anathematized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Anathematizing</u>.] [L. <i>anathematizare</i>, Gr. &?; to
devote, make accursed: cf. F. <i>anath&eacute;matiser</i>.] <def>To
pronounce an anathema against; to curse. Hence: To condemn publicly as
something accursed.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*nath"e*ma*ti`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pronounces an anathema.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*nat"i*fa</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Anatif&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., contr. fr. <i>anatifera</i>.
See <u>Anatiferous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal of the barnacle
tribe, of the genus <i>Lepas</i>, having a fleshy stem or peduncle; a goose
barnacle. See <u>Cirripedia</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>Anatif&aelig;</i>, in the plural, is often used for
the whole group of pedunculated cirripeds.</p>

<p><hw>A*nat"i*fer</hw>, (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Anatifa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*tif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anas</i>,
<i>anatis</i>, a duck + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing
ducks; -- applied to <i>Anatif&aelig;</i>, under the absurd notion of their
turning into ducks or geese. See <u>Barnacle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"a*tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anatinus</i>, fr.
<i>anas</i>, <i>anatis</i>, a duck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the ducks; ducklike.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nat"o*cism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anatocismus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; again + &?; to lend on interest.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Compound interest.</def> [R.]  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`a*tom"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`a*tom"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anatomicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>anatomique</i>. See <u>Anatomy</u>.] <def>Of or relating to anatomy or
dissection; as, the <i>anatomic</i> art; <i>anatomical</i>
observations.</def>  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`a*tom"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an anatomical
manner; by means of dissection.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nat"o*mism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>anatomisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The application of the
principles of anatomy, as in art.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stretched and vivid <i>anatomism</i> of their [<i>i.
e.</i>, <i>the French</i>] <i>great figure painters</i>.<BR>
<i>The London Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine that the anatomical structure
explains all the phenomena of the organism or of animal life.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nat"o*mist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>anatomiste</i>.] <def>One who is skilled in the art of anatomy, or
dissection.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nat`o*mi*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
anatomizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nat"o*mize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Anatomized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Anatomizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>anatomiser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
dissect; to cut in pieces, as an animal vegetable body, for the purpose of
displaying or examining the structure and use of the several
parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discriminate minutely or carefully; to
analyze.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If we <i>anatomize</i> all other reasonings of this nature,
we shall find that they are founded on the relation of cause and
effect.<BR>
<i>Hume.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*nat"o*mi`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dissector.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nat"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Anatomies</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>anatomie</i>, L. <i>anatomia</i>,
Gr. &?; dissection, fr. &?; to cut up; &?; + &?; to cut.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of dissecting, or artificially separating
the different parts of any organized body, to discover their situation,
structure, and economy; dissection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The science which treats of the structure of
organic bodies; anatomical structure or organization.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the muscles be well inserted and bound together,
according to the knowledge of them which is given us by <i>anatomy</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; "Animal anatomy" is sometimes called <i>zomy</i>; "vegetable
anatomy," <i>phytotomy</i>; "human anatomy," <i>anthropotomy</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Comparative anatomy</b></col> <cd>compares the structure of
different kinds and classes of animals.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A treatise or book on anatomy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of dividing anything, corporeal or
intellectual, for the purpose of examining its parts; analysis; as, the
<i>anatomy</i> of a discourse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A skeleton; anything anatomized or dissected, or
which has the appearance of being so.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>anatomy</i> of a little child, representing all parts
thereof, is accounted a greater rarity than the skeleton of a man in full
stature.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They brought one Pinch, a hungry, lean-faced villain,<BR>
A mere <i>anatomy</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An`a*trep"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [overturning, fr. &?;
to turn up or over; &?; + &?; too turn.] <def>Overthrowing; defeating; --
applied to Plato's <i>refutative</i> dialogues.</def>  <i>Enfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An"a*tron</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>anatron</i>,
<i>natron</i>, Sp. <i>anatron</i>, <i>natron</i>, fr. Ar. <i>al-
natr&umacr;n</i>. See <u>Natron</u>, <u>Niter</u>.] [Obs.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Native carbonate of soda; natron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Glass gall or sandiver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Saltpeter.</def>  <i>Coxe.</i>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*nat"ro*pal</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*nat"ro*pous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; up + &?; to turn.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
the ovule inverted at an early period in its development, so that the
chalaza is as the apparent apex; -- opposed to <i>orthotropous</i>.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*nat"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Annotto</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"bur*y</hw> (&?;), <hw>Am"bur*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>ampre</i>, <i>ompre</i>, a crooked swelling vein: cf. Prov. E.
<i>amper</i> a tumor with inflammation. Cf. the first syllable in
<i>agnail</i>, and <i>berry</i> a fruit.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>A soft tumor or bloody wart on horses or oxen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disease of the roots of turnips, etc.; --
called also <i>fingers and toes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ance</hw>. [F. <i>-ance</i>, fr. L. <i>-antia</i> and also fr. <i>-
entia</i>.] <def>A suffix signifying action; also, quality or state; as,
assist<i>ance</i>, resist<i>ance</i>, appear<i>ance</i>, eleg<i>ance</i>.
See <u>-ancy</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; All recently adopted words of this class take either -<i>ance</i>
or -<i>ence</i>, according to the Latin spelling.</p>

<p><hw>An"ces*tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ancestre</i>,
<i>auncestre</i>, also <i>ancessour</i>; the first forms fr. OF.
<i>ancestre</i>, F. <i>anc&ecirc;tre</i>, fr. the L. nom. <i>antessor</i>
one who goes before; the last form fr. OF. <i>ancessor</i>, fr. L. acc.
<i>antecessorem</i>, fr. <i>antecedere</i> to go before; <i>ante</i> before
+ <i>cedere</i> to go. See <u>Cede</u>, and cf. <u>Antecessor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One from whom a person is descended, whether on the
father's or mother's side, at any distance of time; a progenitor; a fore
father.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An earlier type; a progenitor;
as, this fossil animal is regarded as the <i>ancestor</i> of the
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One from whom an estate has
descended; -- the correlative of <i>heir</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ces*to"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ancestral.</def>  <i>Grote.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ces*to"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With regard to
ancestors.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ces"tral</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, derived from, or possessed by, an ancestor or ancestors; as, an
<i>ancestral</i> estate.</def> "<i>Ancestral</i> trees."
<i>Hemans.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ces*tress</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
ancestor.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ces*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>ancesserie</i>. See <u>Ancestor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Condition
as to ancestors; ancestral lineage; hence, birth or honorable
descent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Title and <i>ancestry</i> render a good man more
illustrious, but an ill one more contemptible.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A series of ancestors or progenitors; lineage,
or those who compose the line of natural descent.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"chor</hw> (&abreve;&nsm;"k&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>anker</i>, AS. <i>ancor</i>, <i>oncer</i>, L. <i>ancora</i>, sometimes
spelt <i>anchora</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>'a`gkyra</grk>, akin to E. <i>angle</i>:
cf. F. <i>ancre</i>. See <u>Angle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A iron instrument which is attached to a ship by a
cable (rope or chain), and which, being cast overboard, lays hold of the
earth by a fluke or hook and thus retains the ship in a particular
station.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common anchor consists of a straight bar called a
<i>shank</i>, having at one end a transverse bar called a <i>stock</i>,
above which is a ring for the cable, and at the other end the <i>crown</i>,
from which branch out two or more <i>arms</i> with <i>flukes</i>, forming
with the shank a suitable angle to enter the ground.</p>

<p>Formerly the largest and strongest anchor was the <i>sheet anchor</i>
(hence, Fig., best hope or last refuge), called also <i>waist anchor</i>.
Now the <i>bower</i> and the <i>sheet anchor</i> are usually alike. Then
came the <i>best bower</i> and the <i>small bower</i> (so called from being
carried on the bows). The <i>stream anchor</i> is one fourth the weight of
the bower anchor. <i>Kedges</i> or <i>kedge anchors</i> are light anchors
used in warping.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any instrument or contrivance serving a purpose
like that of a ship's anchor, as an arrangement of timber to hold a dam
fast; a contrivance to hold the end of a bridge cable, or other similar
part; a contrivance used by founders to hold the core of a mold in
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which gives stability or security;
that on which we place dependence for safety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which hope we have as an <i>anchor</i> of the soul.<BR>
<i>Heb. vi. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>An emblem of hope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A metal tie
holding adjoining parts of a building together.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Carved work, somewhat resembling an anchor or arrowhead; -- a part of
the ornaments of certain moldings. It is seen in the echinus, or egg-and-
anchor (called also <i>egg-and-dart</i>, <i>egg-and-tongue</i>)
ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the anchor-shaped
spicules of certain sponges; also, one of the calcareous spinules of
certain Holothurians, as in species of <i>Synapta</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Anchor ice</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ice</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Anchor ring</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Annulus</u>, 2
(b).</cd> -- <col><b>Anchor stock</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the
crossbar at the top of the shank at right angles to the arms.</cd> --
<col><b>The anchor comes home</b></col>, <cd>when it drags over the bottom
as the ship drifts.</cd> -- <col><b>Foul anchor</b></col>, <cd>the anchor
when it hooks, or is entangled with, another anchor, or with a cable or
wreck, or when the slack cable entangled.</cd> -- <col><b>The anchor is
acockbill</b></col>, <cd>when it is suspended perpendicularly from the
cathead, ready to be let go.</cd> -- <col><b>The anchor is apeak</b></col>,
<cd>when the cable is drawn in do tight as to bring to ship directly over
it.</cd> -- <col><b>The anchor is atrip</b></col>, or
<col><b>aweigh</b></col>, <cd>when it is lifted out of the ground.</cd> --
<col><b>The anchor is awash</b></col>, <cd>when it is hove up to the
surface of the water.</cd> -- <col><b>At anchor</b></col>,
<cd>anchored.</cd> -- <col><b>To back an anchor</b></col>, <cd>to increase
the holding power by laying down a small anchor ahead of that by which the
ship rides, with the cable fastened to the crown of the latter to prevent
its coming home.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast anchor</b></col>, <cd>to drop or
let go an anchor to keep a ship at rest.</cd> -- <col><b>To cat the
anchor</b></col>, <cd>to hoist the anchor to the cathead and pass the ring-
stopper.</cd> -- <col><b>To fish the anchor</b></col>, <cd>to hoist the
flukes to their resting place (called the bill-boards), and pass the shank
painter.</cd> -- <col><b>To weigh anchor</b></col>, <cd>to heave or raise
the anchor so as to sail away.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An"chor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Anchored</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Anchoring</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>ancrer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place
at anchor; to secure by an anchor; as, to <i>anchor</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fix or fasten; to fix in a stable condition;
as, to <i>anchor</i> the cables of a suspension bridge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till that my nails were <i>anchored</i> in thine eyes.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"chor</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cast anchor; to come to anchor; as, our ship (or the captain)
<i>anchored</i> in the stream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stop; to fix or rest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My invention . . . <i>anchors</i> on Isabel.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"chor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>anker</i>, <i>ancre</i>,
AS. <i>ancra</i>, fr. L. <i>anachoreta</i>. See <u>Anchoret</u>.] <def>An
anchoret.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"chor*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit for
anchorage.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"chor*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of anchoring, or the condition of lying at anchor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place suitable for anchoring or where ships
anchor; a hold for an anchor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The set of anchors belonging to a
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something which holds like an anchor; a hold;
as, the <i>anchorages</i> of the Brooklyn Bridge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Something on which one may depend for security;
ground of trust.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A toll for anchoring; anchorage duties.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"cho*rage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Abode of an
anchoret.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"chor*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Anchor-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"chored</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Held by an anchor; at anchor; held safely; as, an <i>anchored</i>
bark; also, shaped like an anchor; forked; as, an <i>anchored</i>
tongue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having the extremities turned
back, like the flukes of an anchor; as, an <i>anchored</i> cross.</def>
[Sometimes spelt <i>ancred</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>An"cho*ress</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
anchoret.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And there, a saintly <i>anchoress</i>, she dwelt.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"cho*ret</hw> (&?;), <hw>An"cho*rite</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>anachor&egrave;te</i>, L. <i>anachoreta</i>,
fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to go back, retire; &?; + &?; to give place, retire,
&?; place; perh. akin to Skr. <i>h&amacr;</i> to leave. Cf. <u>Anchor</u> a
hermit.] <def>One who renounces the world and secludes himself, usually for
religious reasons; a hermit; a recluse.</def> [Written by some authors
<i>anachoret</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our Savior himself . . . did not choose an
<i>anchorite's</i> or a monastic life, but a social and affable way of
conversing with mortals.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`cho*ret"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`cho*ret"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to an anchoret or
hermit; after the manner of an anchoret.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"cho*ret`ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hermitlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"cho*ret*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice or
mode of life of an anchoret.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"chor-hold`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The hold or grip of an anchor, or that to which it holds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Firm hold: security.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"cho*rite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Anchoret</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"cho*ri`tess</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
anchoress.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An"chor*less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without an anchor
or stay. Hence: Drifting; unsettled.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*cho"vy</hw> (&abreve;n*ch&omacr;"v&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Sp. <i>anchoa</i>, <i>anchova</i>, or Pg. <i>anchova</i>, prob. of Iberian
origin, and lit. a dried or pickled fish, fr. Bisc. <i>antzua</i> dry: cf.
D. <i>anchovis</i>, F. <i>anchois</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
fish, about three inches in length, of the Herring family (<i>Engraulis
encrasicholus</i>), caught in vast numbers in the Mediterranean, and
pickled for exportation. The name is also applied to several allied
species.</def></p>

<p><! p. 55 !></p>

<p><hw>An*cho"vy pear`</hw> (&abreve;n*ch&omacr;"v&ybreve; p&acirc;r`).
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A West Indian fruit like the mango in taste, sometimes
pickled; also, the tree (<i>Grias cauliflora</i>) bearing this
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"chu*sin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>anchusa</i> the
plant alkanet, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A resinoid coloring matter
obtained from alkanet root.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"chy*lose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Anchylosed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Anchylosing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>ankyloser</i>.] <def>To affect or be
affected with anchylosis; to unite or consolidate so as to make a stiff
joint; to grow together into one.</def> [Spelt also <i>ankylose</i>.]
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An`chy*lo"sis</hw>, <hw>An`ky*lo"sis</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, fr. &?; to crook, stiffen,
fr. &?; crooked: cf. F. <i>ankylose</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Stiffness or fixation of a joint; formation of a stiff joint.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The union of two or more separate
bones to from a single bone; the close union of bones or other structures
in various animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`chy*lot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to anchylosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"cient</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>auncien</i>, F.
<i>ancien</i>, LL. <i>antianus</i>, fr. L. <i>ante</i> before. See <u>Ante-
</u>, <i>pref</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Old; that happened or existed
in former times, usually at a great distance of time; belonging to times
long past; specifically applied to the times before the fall of the Roman
empire; -- opposed to <i>modern</i>; as, <i>ancient</i> authors,
literature, history; <i>ancient</i> days.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Witness those <i>ancient</i> empires of the earth.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Gildas Albanius . . . much <i>ancienter</i> than his
namesake surnamed the Wise.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Old; that has been of long duration; of long
standing; of great age; as, an <i>ancient</i> forest; an <i>ancient</i>
castle.</def> "Our <i>ancient</i> bickerings."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Remove not the <i>ancient</i> landmarks, which thy fathers
have set.<BR>
<i>Prov. xxii. 28.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>ancient</i> man, strangely habited, asked for
quarters.<BR>
<i>Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Known for a long time, or from early times; --
opposed to <i>recent</i> or <i>new</i>; as, the <i>ancient</i>
continent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A friend, perhaps, or an <i>ancient</i> acquaintance.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Dignified, like an aged man; magisterial;
venerable.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He wrought but some few hours of the day, and then would he
seem very grave and <i>ancient</i>.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Experienced; versed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though [he] was the youngest brother, yet he was the most
<i>ancient</i> in the business of the realm.<BR>
<i>Berners.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Former; sometime.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They mourned their <i>ancient</i> leader lost.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Ancient demesne</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a tenure by
which all manors belonging to the crown, in the reign of William the
Conqueror, were held. The numbers, names, etc., of these were all entered
in a book called <i>Domesday Book</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ancient
lights</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>windows and other openings which have
been enjoined without molestation for more than twenty years. In England,
and in some of the United States, they acquire a prescriptive
right.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Old; primitive; pristine; antique; antiquated; old-
fashioned; obsolete.  -- <u>Ancient</u>, <u>Antiquated</u>,
<u>Obsolete</u>, <u>Antique</u>, <u>Antic</u>, <u>Old</u>. --
<i>Ancient</i> is opposed to <i>modern</i>, and has antiquity; as, an
<i>ancient</i> family, <i>ancient</i> landmarks, <i>ancient</i>
institutions, systems of thought, etc.  <i>Antiquated</i> describes that
which has gone out of use or fashion; as, <i>antiquated</i> furniture,
<i>antiquated</i> laws, rules, etc.  <i>Obsolete</i> is commonly used,
instead of <i>antiquated</i>, in reference to language, customs, etc.; as,
an <i>obsolete</i> word or phrase, an <i>obsolete</i> expression.
<i>Antique</i> is applied, in present usage, either to that which has come
down from the ancients; as, an <i>antique</i> cameo, bust, etc. ; or to
that which is made to imitate some ancient work of art; as, an
<i>antique</i> temple. In the days of Shakespeare, <i>antique</i> was often
used for <i>ancient</i>; as, "an <i>antique</i> song," "an <i>antique</i>
Roman;" and hence, from singularity often attached to what is ancient, it
was used in the sense of grotesque; as, "an oak whose <i>antique</i> root
peeps out; " and hence came our present word <i>antic</i>, denoting
grotesque or ridiculous.  We usually apply both <i>ancient</i> and
<i>old</i> to things subject to gradual decay. We say, an <i>old</i> man,
an <i>ancient</i> record; but never, the <i>old</i> stars, an <i>old</i>
river or mountain. In general, however, <i>ancient</i> is opposed to
<i>modern</i>, and <i>old</i> to <i>new</i>, <i>fresh</i>, or
<i>recent</i>. When we speak of a thing that existed formerly, which has
ceased to exist, we commonly use <i>ancient</i>; as, <i>ancient</i>
republics, <i>ancient</i> heroes; and not <i>old</i> republics, <i>old</i>
heroes. But when the thing which began or existed in former times is still
in existence, we use either <i>ancient</i> or <i>old</i>; as,
<i>ancient</i> statues or paintings, or <i>old</i> statues or paintings;
<i>ancient</i> authors, or <i>old</i> authors, meaning books.</p>

<p><hw>An"cient</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i>
<def>Those who lived in former ages, as opposed to the
<i>moderns</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An aged man; a patriarch. Hence: A governor; a
ruler; a person of influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord will enter into judgment with the <i>ancients</i>
of his people, and the princes thereof.<BR>
<i>Isa. iii. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A senior; an elder; a predecessor.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Junius and Andronicus . . . in Christianity . . . were his
<i>ancients</i>.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>One of the senior
members of the Inns of Court or of Chancery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Council of Ancients</b></col> <i>(French Hist.)</i>, <cd>one of
the two assemblies composing the legislative bodies in 1795.</cd>
<i>Brande.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>An"cient</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from <i>ensign</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ensign or flag.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>More dishonorable ragged than an old-faced
<i>ancient</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The bearer of a flag; an ensign.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This is Othello's <i>ancient</i>, as I take it.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"cient*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
ancient times.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In an ancient manner.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An"cient*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
ancient; antiquity; existence from old times.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"cient*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Antiquity; what is ancient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They contain not word of <i>ancientry</i>.<BR>
<i>West.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Old age; also, old people.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wronging the <i>ancientry</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ancient lineage; ancestry; dignity of
birth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gentleman of more <i>ancientry</i> than estate.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"cient*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>anciennet&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>ancien</i>. See <u>Ancient</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Age; antiquity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Martin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Seniority.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||An*ci"le</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>The sacred shield of the Romans, said to have-fallen from
heaven in the reign of Numa. It was the palladium of Rome.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"cil*la*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ancillaris</i>,
fr. <i>ancilla</i> a female servant.] <def>Subservient or subordinate, like
a handmaid; auxiliary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Convocation of York seems to have been always considered
as inferior, and even <i>ancillary</i>, to the greater province.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An*cille"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>ancelle</i>, L.
<i>ancilla</i>.] <def>A maidservant; a handmaid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>An*cip"i*tal</hw> (&?;), <hw>An*cip"i*tous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anceps</i>, <i>ancipitis</i>, two-headed,
double; <i>an-</i> for <i>amb-</i> on both sides + <i>caput</i> head.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Two-edged instead of round; -- said of certain flattened
stems, as those of blue grass, and rarely also of leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*cis"troid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; a hook +
&?; shape.] <def>Hook-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"cle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ankle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"come</hw> (&abreve;&nsm;"k&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ancuman</i>, <i>oncuman</i>, to come.] <def>A small ulcerous swelling,
coming suddenly; also, a whitlow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boucher.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An"con</hw> (&abreve;&nsm;"k&obreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; L.
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Ancones</b></plw> (&?;). [L., fr. Gr. <grk>'agkw`n</grk>
the bent arm, elbow; any hook or bend.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The olecranon,
or the elbow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ancon sheep</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a breed of sheep
with short crooked legs and long back. It originated in Massachusetts in
1791; -- called also the <i>otter breed</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>An"con</hw> (&?;), <hw>An"cone</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Ancon</u>, above.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
corner or quoin of a wall, cross-beam, or rafter.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gwilt.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A bracket supporting a cornice; a
console.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An"co*nal</hw> (&?;), <hw>An*co"ne*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the ancon or
elbow.</def>  "The olecranon on <i>anconeal</i> process."
<i>Flower.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An*co"ne*us</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>ancon</i> elbow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle of the elbow and
forearm.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"co*noid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Elbowlike;
anconal.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"co*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Origin unknown.] <i>(Iron
Work)</i> <def>A piece of malleable iron, wrought into the shape of a bar
in the middle, but unwrought at the ends.</def></p>

<p><hw>-an*cy</hw>. [L. <i>-antia</i>.] <def>A suffix expressing more
strongly than <i>-ance</i> the idea of quality or state; as,
const<i>ancy</i>, buoy<i>ancy</i>, inf<i>ancy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>And</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [AS. <i>and</i>; akin to OS.
<i>endi</i>, Icel. <i>enda</i>, OHG. <i>anti</i>, <i>enti</i>, <i>inti</i>,
<i>unti</i>, G. <i>und</i>, D. <i>en</i>, OD. <i>ende</i>. Cf, <u>An</u>
if, <u>Ante-</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A particle which expresses the
relation of connection or addition. It is used to conjoin a word with a
word, a clause with a clause, or a sentence with a sentence.</def></p>

<p>(a) It is sometimes used emphatically; as, "there are women <i>and</i>
women," that is, two very different sorts of women.</p>

<p>(b) By a rhetorical figure, notions, one of which is modificatory of the
other, are connected by <i>and</i>; as, "the <i>tediousness and</i> process
of my travel," that is, the tedious process, etc.; "thy fair <i>and
outward</i> character," that is, thy outwardly fair character,
<i>Schmidt's Shak. Lex.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In order to; -- used instead of the infinitival
<i>to</i>, especially after <i>try</i>, <i>come</i>, <i>go</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At least to try <i>and</i> teach the erring soul.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>It is sometimes, in old songs, a mere
expletive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When that I was <i>and</i> a little tiny boy.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>If; though. See <u>An</u>,
<pos><i>conj.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As they will set an house on fire, <i>and</i> it were but to
roast their eggs.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>And so forth</b></col>, <cd>and others; and the rest; and
similar things; and other things or ingredients. The abbreviation,
<i>etc.</i> (<i>et cetera</i>), or <i>&c.</i>, is usually read <i>and so
forth</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An"da*ba*tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>andabata</i> a
kind of Roman gladiator, who fought hoodwinked.] <def>Doubt;
uncertainty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shelford.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`da*lu"site</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
silicate of aluminium, occurring usually in thick rhombic prisms, nearly
square, of a grayish or pale reddish tint. It was first discovered in
Andalusia, Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*dan"te</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It. <i>andante</i>, p.
pr. of <i>andare</i> to go.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Moving moderately slow, but
distinct and flowing; quicker than larghetto, and slower than
allegretto.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A movement or piece in
andante time.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`dan*ti"no</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., dim. of
<i>andante</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Rather quicker than andante; between
that allegretto.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some, taking <i>andante</i> in its original sense of "going," and
<i>andantino</i> as its diminutive, or "less going," define the latter as
slower than <i>andante</i>.</p>

<p><hw>An"da*rac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>sandarac</i>.] <def>Red orpiment.</def>  <i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*de"an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
Andes.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"des*ine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
kind of triclinic feldspar found in the <i>Andes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"des*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An
eruptive rock allied to trachyte, consisting essentially of a triclinic
feldspar, with pyroxene, hornblende, or hypersthene.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"dine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Andean; as,
<i>Andine</i> flora.</def></p>

<p><hw>And"i`ron</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>anderne</i>,
<i>aunderne</i>, <i>aundyre</i>, OF. <i>andier</i>, F. <i>landier</i>, fr.
LL. <i>andena</i>, <i>andela</i>, <i>anderia</i>, of unknown origin. The
Eng. was prob. confused with <i>brand-iron</i>, AS. <i>brand-
&imacr;sen</i>.] <def>A utensil for supporting wood when burning in a
fireplace, one being placed on each side; a firedog; as, a pair of
<i>andirons</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`dra*nat"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>, man + &?;: cf. F.
<i>andranatomie</i>. See <u>Anatomy</u>, <u>Androtomy</u>.] <def>The
dissection of a human body, especially of a male; androtomy.</def>
<i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An*dr&oelig;"ci*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>, man + &?; house.] <i>(bot.)</i>
<def>The stamens of a flower taken collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"dro*gyne</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An hermaphrodite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An androgynous plant.</def>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>An*drog"y*nous</hw> (&?;), <hw>An*drog"y*nal</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>androgynus</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>'anh`r</grk>,
<grk>'andro`s</grk>, man + <grk>gynh`</grk> woman: cf. F.
<i>androgyne</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Uniting both sexes in one, or
having the characteristics of both; being in nature both male and female;
hermaphroditic.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The truth is, a great mind must be <i>androgynous</i>.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing both staminiferous and
pistilliferous flowers in the same cluster.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An*drog"y*ny</hw> (&?;), <hw>An*drog"y*nism</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Union of both sexes in one individual;
hermaphroditism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An"droid</hw> (&abreve;n"droid), <hw>||An*droi"des</hw>
(&abreve;n*droi"d&emacr;z), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'androeidh`s</grk> of man's form; <grk>'anh`r</grk>,
<grk>'andro`s</grk>, man + <grk>e'i^dos</grk> form.] <def>A machine or
automaton in the form of a human being.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"droid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a man.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*drom"e*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, the
daughter of Cepheus and Cassiopeia. When bound to a rock and exposed to a
sea monster, she was delivered by Perseus.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A northern constellation, supposed to represent the
mythical Andromeda.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(bot.)</i> <def>A genus of ericaceous flowering
plants of northern climates, of which the original species was found
growing on a rock surrounded by water.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"dron</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>andron</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. <grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>, man.] <i>(Gr. &amp; Rom.
Arch.)</i> <def>The apartment appropriated for the males. This was in the
lower part of the house.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`dro*pet"al*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>, man + &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Produced by the conversion of the stamens into petals, as double
flowers, like the garden ranunculus.</def>  <i>Brande.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An*droph"a*gi</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>, man + &?; to eat.]
<def>Cannibals; man-eaters; anthropophagi.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An*droph"a*gous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Anthropophagous.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"dro*phore</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>, man + &?; to bear.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A support or column on which stamens
are raised.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The part which in some
Siphonophora bears the male gonophores.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"dro*sphinx</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>, man + &?; sphinx.] <i>(Egypt.
Art.)</i> <def>A man sphinx; a sphinx having the head of a man and the body
of a lion.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"dro*spore</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>, a man + &?; a seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A spore of some alg&aelig;, which has male functions.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*drot"o*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the filaments of the stamens divided into two parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*drot"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>, man + &?; a cutting. Cf.
<u>Anatomy</u>.] <def>Dissection of the human body, as distinguished from
<i>zo&ouml;tomy</i>; anthropotomy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>*an"drous</hw> (&?;). [Gr. <grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>, a
man.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A terminal combining form: Having a stamen or
stamens; staminate; as, mon<i>androus</i>, with one stamen;
poly<i>androus</i>, with many stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*near"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i>
+ <i>near</i>.] <def>Near.</def> [R.] "It did not come <i>anear</i>."
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The measure of misery <i>anear</i> us.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*near"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To near; to
approach.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>A*neath"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i>
+ <i>neath</i> for <i>beneath</i>.] <def>Beneath.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>An"ec*do`tage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anecdotes
collectively; a collection of anecdotes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All history, therefore, being built partly, and some of it
altogether, upon <i>anecdotage</i>, must be a tissue of lies.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"ec*do`tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
abounding with, anecdotes; as, <i>anecdotal</i> conversation.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ec*dote</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>anecdote</i>, fr.
Gr. &?; not published; <grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?; given out, &?; to give
out, to publish; &?; out + &?; to give. See <u>Dose</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Unpublished
narratives.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particular or detached incident or fact of an
interesting nature; a biographical incident or fragment; a single passage
of private life.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`ec*dot"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`ec*dot"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, consisting of, or addicted to,
anecdotes.</def>  "<i>Anecdotical</i> traditions."  <i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ec*do"tist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who relates
or collects anecdotes.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"e*lace</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Anlace</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nele"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>anelien</i>;
<i>an</i> on + AS. <i>ele</i> oil, L. <i>oleum</i>. See <u>Oil</u>,
<u>Anoil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To anoint.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give extreme unction to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R.
of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`e*lec"tric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + E. <i>electric</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Not becoming electrified
by friction; -- opposed to <i>idioelectric</i>.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A substance incapable of being electrified by
friction.</def>  <i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`e*lec"trode</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; up + E.
<i>electrode</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The positive pole of a voltaic
battery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`e*lec*trot"o*nus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; up + E. <i>electrotonus</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The condition of
decreased irritability of a nerve in the region of the positive electrode
or anode on the passage of a current of electricity through it.</def>
<i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*nem"o*gram</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wind + <i>-
gram</i>.] <def>A record made by an anemograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nem"o*graph</hw> (-gr&adot;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wind
+ <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring and recording the
direction and force of the wind.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><! p. 56 !></p>

<p><hw>A*nem`o*graph"ic</hw>
(&adot;*n&ebreve;m`&osl;*gr&abreve;f"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Produced by an anemograph; of or pertaining to anemography.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`e*mog"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wind +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A description of the
winds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of recording the direction and force of
the wind, as by means of an anemograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`e*mol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wind + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>The science of the wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`e*mom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wind + <i>-
meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the force or velocity of the
wind; a wind gauge.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`e*mo*met"ric</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`e*mo*met"ric*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to anemometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`e*mo*met"ro*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Anemometer</i> + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An anemograph.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`e*mom"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of ascertaining the force or velocity of the wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nem"o*ne</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>anemone</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; wind.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants
of the <i>Ranunculus</i> or Crowfoot family; windflower. Some of the
species are cultivated in gardens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sea anemone. See
<u>Actinia</u>, and <u>Sea anemone</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is sometimes pronounced
&abreve;n`&emacr;*m&omacr;"n&esl;, especially by classical scholars.</p>

<p><hw>An`e*mon"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
acrid, poisonous, crystallizable substance, obtained from, the anemone, or
from anemonin.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nem"o*nin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
acrid, poisonous, crystallizable substance, obtained from some species of
anemone.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nem"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Anemone</u>.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`e*morph"i*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`nemos</grk> wind + <grk>fi`los</grk> lover.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Fertilized by the agency of the wind; -- said of plants in which the
pollen is carried to the stigma by the wind; wind-Fertilized.</def>
<i>Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*nem"o*scope</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wind + -
scope: cf. F. <i>an&eacute;moscope</i>.] <def>An instrument which shows the
direction of the wind; a wind vane; a weathercock; -- usually applied to a
contrivance consisting of a vane above, connected in the building with a
dial or index with pointers to show the changes of the wind.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An*en`ce*phal"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`en*ceph"a*lous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, priv. + &?; the brain: cf.
<u>Encephalon</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Without a brain;
brainless.</def>  <i>Todd &amp; B.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*nenst"</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*nent"</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>anent</i>, <i>anentis</i>, <i>anence</i>,
<i>anens</i>, <i>anents</i>, AS. <i>onefen</i>, <i>onemn</i>; <i>an</i>,
<i>on</i>, on + <i>efen</i> even, equal; hence meaning, on an equality
with, even with, beside. See <u>Even</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] [Scot. &
Prov. Eng.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Over against; as, he lives <i>anent</i>
the church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>About; concerning; in respect; as, he said
nothing <i>anent</i> this particular.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*en"ter*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + &?; intestine, &?; within, &?; in.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Destitute of a stomach or an intestine.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"e*roid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv.
+ <grk>nhro`s</grk> wet, moist + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F.
<i>an&eacute;ro&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Containing no liquid; -- said of a kind
of barometer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aneroid barometer</b></col>, <cd>a barometer the action of which
depends on the varying pressure of the atmosphere upon the elastic top of a
metallic box (shaped like a watch) from which the air has been exhausted.
An index shows the variation of pressure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An"e*roid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An aneroid
barometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Anes</hw> (&amacr;nz), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An`es*the"si*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>An`es*thet"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>An&aelig;sthesia</u>, <u>An&aelig;sthetic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"et</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>aneth</i>, fr. L.
<i>anethum</i>, Gr. <grk>'a`nhqon</grk>. See <u>Anise</u>.] <def>The herb
dill, or dillseed.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"e*thol</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aneth</i>um (see
<u>Anise</u>) + <i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance obtained from
the volatile oils of anise, fennel, etc., in the form of soft shining
scales; -- called also <i>anise camphor</i>.</def>  <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*net"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aneticus</i>, Gr.
&?; relaxing; &?; back + &?; to send.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Soothing.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"eu*rism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
widening, an opening; &?; up + &?; wide.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A soft,
pulsating, hollow tumor, containing blood, arising from the preternatural
dilation or rupture of the coats of an artery.</def> [Written also
<i>aneurysm</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>An`eu*ris"mal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to an aneurism; as, an <i>aneurismal</i> tumor;
<i>aneurismal</i> diathesis.</def> [Written also <i>aneurysmal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>A*new"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>new</i>.] <def>Over again; another time; in a new form; afresh; as, to
arm <i>anew</i>; to create <i>anew</i>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*frac"tu*ose`</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Anfractuous</u>.] <def>Anfractuous; as, <i>anfractuose</i>
anthers.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*frac`tu*os"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Anfractuosities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>anfractuosit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state of being
anfractuous, or full of windings and turnings; sinuosity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>anfractuosities</i> of his intellect and temper.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A sinuous depression or sulcus
like those separating the convolutions of the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*frac"tu*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anfractuosus</i>, fr. <i>anfractus</i> a turning, a winding, fr. the
unused <i>anfringere</i> to wind, bend; <i>an-</i>, for <i>amb-</i> +
<i>fractus</i>, p. p. of <i>frangere</i> to break: cf. F.
<i>anfractueux</i>.] <def>Winding; full of windings and turnings; sinuous;
tortuous; as, the <i>anfractuous</i> spires of a born.</def>  --
<wf>An*frac"tu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An*frac"ture</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mazy
winding.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ga"ri*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>angariatio</i>, fr. L. <i>angaria</i> service to a lord, villenage, fr.
<i>angarius</i>, Gr. <grk>'a`ggaros</grk> (a Persian word), a courier for
carrying royal dispatches.] <def>Exaction of forced service;
compulsion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`gei*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>An`gei*ot"o*my</hw>, etc. <def>Same as <u>Angiology</u>,
<u>Angiotomy</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&aelig;ngel</i>,
<i>engel</i>, influenced by OF. <i>angele</i>, <i>angle</i>, F.
<i>ange</i>. Both the AS. and the OF. words are from L. <i>angelus</i>, Gr.
<grk>'a`ggelos</grk> messenger, a messenger of God, an angel.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A messenger.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The dear good <i>angel</i> of the Spring,<BR>
The nightingale.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spiritual, celestial being, superior to man in
power and intelligence. In the Scriptures the angels appear as God's
messengers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, welcome, pure-eyed Faith, white-handed Hope,<BR>
Thou hovering <i>angel</i>, girt with golden wings.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of a class of "fallen angels;" an evil
spirit; as, the devil and his <i>angels</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A minister or pastor of a church, as in the
Seven Asiatic churches.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Unto the <i>angel</i> of the church of Ephesus write.<BR>
<i>Rev. ii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Attendant spirit; genius; demon.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An appellation given to a person supposed to be
of angelic goodness or loveliness; a darling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When pain and anguish wring the brow,<BR>
A ministering <i>angel</i> thou.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Numis.)</i> <def>An ancient gold coin of England,
bearing the figure of the archangel Michael. It varied in value from
6<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i> to 10<i>s.</i></def>  <i>Amer. Cyc.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Angel</i> is sometimes used adjectively; as, <i>angel</i>
grace; <i>angel</i> whiteness.</p>

<p><col><b>Angel bed</b></col>, <cd>a bed without posts.</cd> --
<col><b>Angel fish</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
species of shark (<i>Squatina angelus</i>) from six to eight feet long,
found on the coasts of Europe and North America. It takes its name from its
pectoral fins, which are very large and extend horizontally like wings when
spread. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> One of several species of compressed, bright
colored fishes warm seas, belonging to the family
<i>Ch&aelig;todontid&aelig;</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Angel gold</b></col>,
<cd>standard gold.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Fuller.</i> -- <col><b>Angel
shark</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Angel fish</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Angel
shot</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a kind of chain shot.</cd> --
<col><b>Angel water</b></col>, <cd>a perfumed liquid made at first chiefly
from <i>angelica</i>; afterwards containing rose, myrtle, and orange-flower
waters, with ambergris, etc.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An"gel*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Existence or state
of angels.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gel*et</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>angelet</i>.]
<def>A small gold coin formerly current in England; a half angel.</def>
<i>Eng. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"gel fish</hw>. <def>See under <u>Angel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gel*hood</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
an angel; angelic nature.</def>  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>An*gel"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An*gel"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>angelicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>ang&eacute;lique</i>.] <def>Belonging to, or proceeding from, angels;
resembling, characteristic of, or partaking of the nature of, an angel;
heavenly; divine.</def>   "<i>Angelic</i> harps."
<i>Thomson.</i>"<i>Angelical</i> actions." <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The union of womanly tenderness and <i>angelic</i>
patience.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Angelic Hymn</b></col>, <cd>a very ancient hymn of the Christian
Church; -- so called from its beginning with the song of the heavenly host
recorded in Luke ii. 14.</cd>  <i>Eadie.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*gel"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Angelica</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or derived from angelica; as, <i>angelic</i> acid;
<i>angelic</i> ether.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angelic acid</b></col>, <cd>an acid obtained from angelica and
some other plants.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An*gel"i*ca</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Angelic</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An aromatic
umbelliferous plant (<i>Archangelica officinalis</i> or <i>Angelica
archangelica</i>) the leaf stalks of which are sometimes candied and used
in confectionery, and the roots and seeds as an aromatic tonic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The candied leaf stalks of angelica.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angelica tree</b></col>, <cd>a thorny North American shrub
(<i>Aralia spinosa</i>), called also <i>Hercules' club</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An*gel"ic*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like an
angel.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*gel"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being angelic; excellence more than human.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*gel"i*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make like an
angel; to angelize.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Farindon (1647).</i></p>

<p><hw>An"gel*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To raise to the
state of an angel; to render angelic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It ought not to be our object to <i>angelize</i>, nor to
brutalize, but to humanize man.<BR>
<i>W. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"gel*like`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
an angel.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`gel*ol"a*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; angel +
&?; service, worship.] <def>Worship paid to angels.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`gel*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>angelus</i>,
Gr. &?; + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A discourse on angels, or a body of doctrines
in regard to angels.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The same mythology commanded the general consent; the same
<i>angelology</i>, demonology.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An`gel*oph"a*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; angel +
&?; to appear.] <def>The actual appearance of an angel to man.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ge*lot</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>angelot</i>, LL.
<i>angelotus</i>, <i>angellotus</i>, dim. of <i>angelus</i>. See
<u>Angel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A French gold coin of the reign of
Louis XI., bearing the image of St. Michael; also, a piece coined at Paris
by the English under Henry VI.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument of music, of the lute kind, now
disused.</def>  <i>Johnson. R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sort of small, rich cheese, made in
Normandy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"ge*lus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A form of devotion in which three Ave Marias are
repeated. It is said at morning, noon, and evening, at the sound of a
bell.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The Angelus bell.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ger</hw> (a&nsm;"g&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>anger</i>, <i>angre</i>, affliction, anger, fr. Icel. <i>angr</i>
affliction, sorrow; akin to Dan. <i>anger</i> regret, Swed.
<i>&aring;nger</i> regret, AS. <i>ange</i> oppressed, sad, L. <i>angor</i>
a strangling, anguish, <i>angere</i> to strangle, Gr. <grk>'a`gchein</grk>
to strangle, Skr. <i>a&mdot;has</i> pain, and to E. <i>anguish</i>,
<i>anxious</i>, <i>quinsy</i>, and perh. <i>awe</i>, <i>ugly</i>. The word
seems to have orig. meant to <i>choke</i>, <i>squeeze</i>. &radic;3.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Trouble; vexation; also, physical pain or smart of
a sore, etc.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I made the experiment, setting the moxa where . . . the
greatest <i>anger</i> and soreness still continued.<BR>
<i>Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strong passion or emotion of displeasure or
antagonism, excited by a real or supposed injury or insult to one's self or
others, or by the intent to do such injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Anger</i> is like<BR>
A full hot horse, who being allowed his way,<BR>
Self-mettle tires him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Resentment; wrath; rage; fury; passion; ire gall; choler;
indignation; displeasure; vexation; grudge; spleen.  -- <u>Anger</u>,
<u>Indignation</u>, <u>Resentment</u>, <u>Wrath</u>, <u>Ire</u>,
<u>Rage</u>, <u>Fury</u>. <i>Anger</i> is a feeling of keen displeasure
(usually with a desire to punish) for what we regard as wrong toward
ourselves or others. It may be excessive or misplaced, but is not
necessarily criminal. <i>Indignation</i> is a generous outburst of anger in
view of things which are <i>indigna</i>, or unworthy to be done, involving
what is mean, cruel, flagitious, etc., in character or conduct.
<i>Resentment</i> is often a moody feeling, leading one to brood over his
supposed personal wrongs with a deep and lasting anger. See
<u>Resentment</u>. <i>Wrath</i> and <i>ire</i> (the last poetical) express
the feelings of one who is bitterly provoked. <i>Rage</i> is a vehement
ebullition of anger; and <i>fury</i> is an excess of rage, amounting almost
to madness. Warmth of constitution often gives rise to <i>anger</i>; a high
sense of honor creates <i>indignation</i> at crime; a man of quick
sensibilities is apt to cherish <i>resentment</i>; the <i>wrath</i> and
<i>ire</i> of men are often connected with a haughty and vindictive spirit;
<i>rage</i> and <i>fury</i> are distempers of the soul to be regarded only
with abhorrence.</p>

<p><hw>An"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Angered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Angering</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>angra</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
painful; to cause to smart; to inflame.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . <i>angereth</i> malign ulcers.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excite to anger; to enrage; to
provoke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Taxes and impositions . . . which rather <i>angered</i> than
grieved the people.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"ger*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Angrily.</def> [Obs. or
Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Why, how now, Hecate! you look <i>angerly</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"ge*vine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>Angevin</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Anjou in France.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A native of Anjou.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`gi*en"chy*ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
receptacle + &?;. Formed like <u>Parenchyma</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Vascular tissue of plants, consisting of spiral vessels, dotted,
barred, and pitted ducts, and laticiferous vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*gi"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>angere</i>
to strangle, to choke. See <u>Anger</u>, n.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any
inflammatory affection of the throat or faces, as the quinsy, malignant
sore throat, croup, etc., especially such as tends to produce suffocation,
choking, or shortness of breath.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angina pectoris</b></col> (&?;), <cd>a peculiarly painful
disease, so named from a sense of suffocating contraction or tightening of
the lower part of the chest; -- called also <i>breast pang</i>, <i>spasm of
the chest</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>An"gi*nous</hw> (&?;), <hw>An"gi*nose`</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to angina or angina
pectoris.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gi*o-</hw> (&abreve;n"j&ibreve;*&osl;-). [Gr.
<grk>'aggei^on</grk> vessel receptacle.] <def>A prefix, or combining form,
in numerous compounds, usually relating to seed or blood vessels, or to
something contained in, or covered by, a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`gi*o*car"pous</hw>
(&abreve;n`j&ibreve;*&osl;*k&auml;r"p&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Angio-</i> + Gr. <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having fruit inclosed within a covering that does
not form a part of itself; as, the filbert covered by its husk, or the
acorn seated in its cupule.</def> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Having the seeds or spores covered, as in certain lichens.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`gi*og"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Angio-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>angiographie</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
description of blood vessels and lymphatics.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`gi*ol"o*gy</hw> (-&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Angio-</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>That part of anatomy which treats of blood vessels and
lymphatics.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`gi*o"ma</hw> (-&omacr;"m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Angio-</i> + <i>-oma</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor composed chiefly
of dilated blood vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`gi*o*mon`o*sper"mous</hw>
(&abreve;n`j&ibreve;*&osl;*m&obreve;n`&osl;*sp&etilde;r"m&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Angio-</i> + <i>monospermous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Producing one seed only in a seed pod.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gi*o*scope</hw> (&abreve;n"j&ibreve;*&osl;*sk&omacr;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Angio-</i> + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An instrument
for examining the capillary vessels of animals and plants.</def>
<i>Morin.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"gi*o*sperm</hw> (-&abreve;n"j&ibreve;*&osl;*sp&etilde;rm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Angio-</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant which has its seeds inclosed in a pericarp.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is restricted to exogenous plants, and applied to one of
the two grand divisions of these species, the other division including
gymnosperms, or those which have naked seeds. The oak, apple, beech, etc.,
are <i>angiosperms</i>, while the pines, spruce, hemlock, and the allied
varieties, are <i>gymnosperms</i>.</p>

<p><hw>An`gi*o*sper"ma*tous</hw>
(&abreve;n`j&ibreve;*&osl;*sp&etilde;r"m&adot;*t&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Angiospermous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`gi*o*sper"mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having seeds inclosed in a pod or other pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`gi*os"po*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Angio-</i> +
<i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having spores contained in cells or
thec&aelig;, as in the case of some fungi.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`gi*os"to*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Angio-</i> +
Gr. &?; mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>With a narrow mouth, as the shell
of certain gastropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`gi*ot"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Angio-</i> + Gr.
&?; a cutting.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Dissection of the blood vessels and
lymphatics of the body.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><! p. 57  !></p>

<p><hw>An"gle</hw> (&abreve;&nsm;"g'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>angle</i>, L. <i>angulus</i> angle, corner; akin to <i>uncus</i> hook,
Gr. <grk>'agky`los</grk> bent, crooked, angular, <grk>'a`gkos</grk> a bend
or hollow, AS. <i>angel</i> hook, fish-hook, G. <i>angel</i>, and F.
<i>anchor</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The inclosed space near the point
where two lines meet; a corner; a nook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Into the utmost <i>angle</i> of the world.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To search the tenderest <i>angles</i> of the heart.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The figure
made by. two lines which meet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
difference of direction of two lines. In the lines meet, the point of
meeting is the vertex of the angle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A projecting or sharp corner; an angular
fragment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though but an <i>angle</i> reached him of the stone.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>A name given to four of the
twelve astrological "houses."</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [AS. <i>angel</i>.] <def>A fishhook; tackle for
catching fish, consisting of a line, hook, and bait, with or without a
rod.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me mine <i>angle</i>: we 'll to the river there.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A fisher next his trembling <i>angle</i> bears.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Acute angle</b></col>, <cd>one less than a right angle, or less
than 90&deg;.</cd> -- <col><b>Adjacent</b></col> or <col><b>Contiguous
angles</b></col>, <cd>such as have one leg common to both angles.</cd> --
<col><b>Alternate angles</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Alternate</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Angle bar</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Carp.)</i> <cd>An
upright bar at the angle where two faces of a polygonal or bay window
meet.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Angle iron</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Angle bead</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>a bead worked on or fixed to the angle of any architectural work, esp.
for protecting an angle of a wall.</cd> -- <col><b>Angle brace</b></col>,
<col><b>Angle tie</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a brace across an interior
angle of a wooden frame, forming the hypothenuse and securing the two side
pieces together.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Angle iron</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a rolled bar or plate of iron having one or more
angles, used for forming the corners, or connecting or sustaining the sides
of an iron structure to which it is riveted.</cd> -- <col><b>Angle
leaf</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a detail in the form of a leaf, more or
less conventionalized, used to decorate and sometimes to strengthen an
angle.</cd> -- <col><b>Angle meter</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for
measuring angles, esp. for ascertaining the dip of strata.</cd> --
<col><b>Angle shaft</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an enriched angle bead,
often having a capital or base, or both.</cd> -- <col><b>Curvilineal
angle</b></col>, <cd>one formed by two curved lines.</cd> --
<col><b>External angles</b></col>, <cd>angles formed by the sides of any
right-lined figure, when the sides are produced or lengthened.</cd> --
<col><b>Facial angle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Facial</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Internal angles</b></col>, <cd>those which are within any right-
lined figure.</cd> -- <col><b>Mixtilineal angle</b></col>, <cd>one formed
by a right line with a curved line.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique
angle</b></col>, <cd>one acute or obtuse, in opposition to a <i>right
angle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Obtuse angle</b></col>, <cd>one greater than a
right angle, or more than 90&deg;.</cd> -- <col><b>Optic angle</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Optic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rectilineal</b></col> or
<col><b>Right-lined angle</b></col>, <cd>one formed by two right
lines.</cd> -- <col><b>Right angle</b></col>, <cd>one formed by a right
line falling on another perpendicularly, or an angle of 90&deg; (measured
by a quarter circle).</cd> -- <col><b>Solid angle</b></col>, <cd>the figure
formed by the meeting of three or more plane angles at one point.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical angle</b></col>, <cd>one made by the meeting of two arcs
of great circles, which mutually cut one another on the surface of a globe
or sphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Visual angle</b></col>, <cd>the angle formed by
two rays of light, or two straight lines drawn from the extreme points of
an object to the center of the eye.</cd> -- <col><b>For Angles of
commutation</b></col>, <col><b>draught</b></col>,
<col><b>incidence</b></col>, <col><b>reflection</b></col>,
<col><b>refraction</b></col>, <col><b>position</b></col>,
<col><b>repose</b></col>, <col><b>fraction</b></col>, <cd>see
<u>Commutation</u>, <u>Draught</u>, <u>Incidence</u>, <u>Reflection</u>,
<u>Refraction</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Angled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Angling</u> (&?;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fish with an angle
(fishhook), or with hook and line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use some bait or artifice; to intrigue; to
scheme; as, to <i>angle</i> for praise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hearts of all that he did <i>angle</i> for.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To try to gain by some
insinuating artifice; to allure.</def> [Obs.] "He <i>angled</i> the
people's hearts."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"gled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an angle or
angles; -- used in compounds; as, right-<i>angled</i>, many-<i>angled</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The thrice three-<i>angled</i> beechnut shell.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"gle*me`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Angle</i> + <i>-
meter</i>.] <def>An instrument to measure angles, esp. one used by
geologists to measure the dip of strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish (<i>Lophius
piscatorius</i>), of Europe and America, having a large, broad, and
depressed head, with the mouth very large. Peculiar appendages on the head
are said to be used to entice fishes within reach. Called also <i>fishing
frog</i>, <i>frogfish</i>, <i>toadfish</i>, <i>goosefish</i>,
<i>allmouth</i>, <i>monkfish</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gles</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>Angli</i>. See
<u>Anglican</u>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>An ancient Low German tribe, that
settled in Britain, which came to be called <i>Engla-land</i> (Angleland or
England). The Angles probably came from the district of <i>Angeln</i> (now
within the limits of Schleswig), and the country now Lower Hanover,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gle*site</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the Isle of
<i>Anglesea</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A native sulphate of lead. It occurs
in white or yellowish transparent, prismatic crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gle*wise`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Angle</i> +
<i>wise</i>, OE. <i>wise</i> manner.] <def>In an angular manner;
angularly.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gle*worm`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A earthworm of the genus <i>Lumbricus</i>, frequently used by anglers
for bait. See <u>Earthworm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gli*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Angles.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"glic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Anglian.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gli*can</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Angli</i> the
Angles, a Germanic tribe in Lower Germany.  Cf. <u>English</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>English; of or pertaining to England or the English
nation; especially, pertaining to, or connected with, the established
church of England; as, the <i>Anglican</i> church, doctrine, orders,
ritual, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, characteristic of, or held by,
the high church party of the Church of England.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gli*can</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A member of the Church of England.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether Catholics, <i>Anglicans</i>, or Calvinists.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a restricted sense, a member of the High
Church party, or of the more advanced ritualistic section, in the Church of
England.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gli*can*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Strong partiality to the principles and rites of the Church of
England.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The principles of the established church of
England; also, in a restricted sense, the doctrines held by the high-church
party.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Attachment to England or English
institutions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"gli*ce</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>In
English; in the English manner; as, Livorno, <i>Anglice</i>
Leghorn.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*glic"i*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Anglicus</i> English + <u>-fly</u>.] <def>To anglicize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An"gli*cism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>anglicisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An English idiom; a phrase or
form language peculiar to the English.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being English; an English
characteristic, custom, or method.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*glic"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being English.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`gli*ci*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
anglicizing, or making English in character.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gli*cize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Anglicized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Anglicizing</u>.] <def>To make English; to English; to anglify; render
conformable to the English idiom, or to English analogies.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gli*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Anglified</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Anglifying</u>.] [L. <i>Angli</i> + <i>-fly</i>.] <def>To convert into
English; to anglicize.</def>  <i>Franklin.</i> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"gling</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
angles; the art of fishing with rod and line.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"glo-</hw> (&?;) [NL. <i>Anglus</i> English. See <u>Anglican</u>.]
<def>A combining form meaning the same as <i>English</i>; or <i>English
and</i>, or <i>English conjoined with</i>; as, <i>Anglo-</i>Turkish treaty,
<i>Anglo-</i>German, <i>Anglo-</i>Irish.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Anglo-American</b></col>, <pos><i>.</i></pos> <cd>Of or
pertaining to the English and Americans, or to the descendants of
Englishmen in America.</cd> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <cd>A descendant from
English ancestors born in America, or the United States.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Anglo-Danish</b></col>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <cd>Of or
pertaining to the English and Danes, or to the Danes who settled in
England.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Anglo-Indian</b></col>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <cd>Of or
pertaining to the English in India, or to the English and East Indian
peoples or languages.</cd> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <cd>One of the Anglo-
Indian race born or resident in the East Indies.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Anglo-Norman</b></col>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <cd>Of or
pertaining to the English and Normans, or to the Normans who settled in
England.</cd> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <cd>One of the English Normans, or
the Normans who conquered England.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Anglo-Saxon</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Anglo-Saxon</u> in the
Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An"glo-Cath"o*lic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <def>Of or pertaining
to a church modeled on the English Reformation; Anglican; -- sometimes
restricted to the ritualistic or High Church section of the Church of
England.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"glo-Cath"o*lic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of the
Church of England who contends for its catholic character; more
specifically, a High Churchman.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"glo*ma"ni*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Anglo'cf</i> +
<i>mania</i>.] <def>A mania for, or an inordinate attachment to, English
customs, institutions, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`glo*ma"ni*ac</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One affected with
Anglomania.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`glo*pho"bi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Anglo- + Gr. &?;
fear.] <def>Intense dread of, or aversion to, England or the English.</def>
-- <wf>An"glo*phobe</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An"glo-Sax"on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Angli-
Saxones</i> English Saxons.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Saxon of Britain,
that is, an <i>English Saxon</i>, or one the Saxons who settled in England,
as distinguished from a continental (or "Old") Saxon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The Teutonic people (Angles, Saxons,
Jutes) of England, or the English people, collectively, before the Norman
Conquest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is quite correct to call &AElig;thelstan "King of the
<i>Anglo-Saxons</i>," but to call this or that subject of &AElig;thelstan
"an <i>Anglo-Saxon</i>" is simply nonsense.<BR>
<i>E. A. Freeman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The language of the English people before the
Conquest (sometimes called <i>Old English</i>). See <u>Saxon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the race or people who claim descent from
the Saxons, Angles, or other Teutonic tribes who settled in England; a
person of English descent in its broadest sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"glo-Sax"on</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Anglo-Saxons or their language.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"glo-Sax"on*dom</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Anglo-
Saxon domain (i. e., Great Britain and the United States, etc.); the Anglo-
Saxon race.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"glo-Sax"on*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A characteristic of the Anglo-Saxon race;
especially, a word or an idiom of the Anglo-Saxon tongue.</def>  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or sentiment of being Anglo-Saxon,
or English in its ethnological sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*go"la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>Angora</i>.] <def>A fabric made from the wool of the Angora
goat.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*go"la pea`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tropical plant
(<i>Cajanus indicus</i>) and its edible seed, a kind of pulse; -- so called
from <i>Angola</i> in Western Africa. Called also <i>pigeon pea</i> and
<i>Congo pea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"gor</hw> (&abreve;&nsm;"g&obreve;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
See <u>Anger</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Great anxiety accompanied by painful
constriction at the upper part of the belly, often with palpitation and
oppression.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*go"ra</hw> (&abreve;n*g&omacr;"r&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A city of Asia Minor (or Anatolia) which has given its name to a goat,
a cat, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angora cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a variety of the
domestic cat with very long and silky hair, generally of the brownish white
color. Called also <i>Angola cat</i>. See <u>Cat</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Angora goat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a variety of the
domestic goat, reared for its long silky hair, which is highly prized for
manufacture.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An`gos*tu"ra bark`</hw> (&auml;&nsm;`g&obreve;s*t&oomac;"r&adot;
b&auml;rk`). [From <i>Angostura</i>, in Venezuela.] <def>An aromatic bark
used as a tonic, obtained from a South American of the rue family
(<i>Galipea cusparia, or officinalis</i>).</def>  <i>U. S. Disp.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An`gou`mois" moth"</hw> (?; 115). [So named from <i>Angoumois</i>
in France.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small moth (<i>Gelechia
cerealella</i>) which is very destructive to wheat and other grain. The
larva eats out the interior of the grain, leaving only the shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gri*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an angry
manner; under the influence of anger.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
angry, or of being inclined to anger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such an <i>angriness</i> of humor that we take fire at
everything.<BR>
<i>Whole Duty of Man.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"gry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Angrier</u> (&?;); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Angriest</u>.] [See
<u>Anger</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Troublesome; vexatious;
rigorous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God had provided a severe and <i>angry</i> education to
chastise the forwardness of a young spirit.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inflamed and painful, as a sore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Touched with anger; under the emotion of anger;
feeling resentment; enraged; -- followed generally by <i>with</i> before a
person, and <i>at</i> before a thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not grieved, nor <i>angry</i> with yourselves.<BR>
<i>Gen. xlv. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore should God be <i>angry</i> at thy voice?<BR>
<i>Eccles. v. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Showing anger; proceeding from anger; acting as
if moved by anger; wearing the marks of anger; as, <i>angry</i> words or
tones; an <i>angry</i> sky; <i>angry</i> waves.</def> "An <i>angry</i>
countenance."  <i>Prov. xxv. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Red.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet rose, whose hue, <i>angry</i> and brave.<BR>
<i>Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Sharp; keen; stimulated.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I never ate with <i>angrier</i> appetite.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Passionate; resentful; irritated; irascible; indignant;
provoked; enraged; incensed; exasperated; irate; hot; raging; furious;
wrathful; wroth; choleric; inflamed; infuriated.</p>

<p><hw>An"gui*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>angius</i> snake
+ <i>-form</i>.] <def>Snake-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*guil"li*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anguilla</i>
eel (dim. of <i>anguis</i> snake) + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Eel-
shaped.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The "<i>Anguill&aelig;formes</i>" of Cuvier are fishes related to
thee eel.</p>

<p><hw>An"guine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anguinus</i>, fr.
<i>anguis</i> snake.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a snake or
serpent.</def> "The <i>anguine</i> or snakelike reptiles."
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*guin"e*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Anguineous.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*guin"e*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anguineus</i>.] <def>Snakelike.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"guish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>anguishe</i>,
<i>anguise</i>, <i>angoise</i>, F. <i>angoisse</i>, fr. L. <i>angustia</i>
narrowness, difficulty, distress, fr. <i>angustus</i> narrow, difficult,
fr. <i>angere</i> to press together. See <u>Anger</u>.] <def>Extreme pain,
either of body or mind; excruciating distress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But they hearkened not unto Moses for <i>anguish</i> of
spirit, and for cruel bondage.<BR>
<i>Ex. vi. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Anguish</i> as of her that bringeth forth her first
child.<BR>
<i>Jer. iv. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Rarely used in the plural: -</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye miserable people, you must go to God in <i>anguishes</i>,
and make your prayer to him.</blockquote><BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Agony; pang; torture; torment. See <u>Agony</u>.</p>

<p><hw>An"guish</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>angoisser</i>, fr.
L. <i>angustiare</i>.] <def>To distress with extreme pain or grief.</def>
[R.]  <i>Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"gu*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>angularis</i>, fr.
<i>angulus</i> angle, corner. See <u>Angle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Relating to an angle or to angles; having an angle or angles; forming
an angle or corner; sharp-cornered; pointed; as, an <i>angular</i>
figure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Measured by an angle; as, <i>angular</i>
distance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Lean; lank; raw-boned; ungraceful; sharp
and stiff in character; as, remarkably <i>angular</i> in his habits and
appearance; an <i>angular</i> female.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angular aperture</b></col>, <col><b>Angular distance</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Aperture</u>, <u>Distance</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Angular
motion</b></col>, <cd>the motion of a body about a fixed point or fixed
axis, as of a planet or pendulum. It is equal to the angle passed over at
the point or axis by a line drawn to the body.</cd> -- <col><b>Angular
point</b></col>, <cd>the point at which the sides of the angle meet; the
vertex.</cd> -- <col><b>Angular velocity</b></col>, <cd>the ratio of
anuglar motion to the time employed in describing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An"gu*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A bone in
the base of the lower jaw of many birds, reptiles, and fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`gu*lar"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being angular; angularness.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gu*lar*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an angular
manner; with of at angles or corners.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"gu*lar*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
angular.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An"gu*late</hw> (&?;), <hw>An"gu*la`ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>angulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>angulare</i> to make
angular.] <def>Having angles or corners; angled; as, <i>angulate</i>
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gu*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
angular.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`gu*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A making
angular; angular formation.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"gu*lo-den"tate</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>. [L.
<i>angulus</i> angle + <i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>, tooth.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Angularly toothed, as certain leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gu*lom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>angulus</i>
angle + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring external
angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gu*lose`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Angulous.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>An`gu*los"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
being angulous or angular.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An"gu*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>angulosus</i>:
cf. F. <i>anguleux</i>.] <def>Angular; having corners; hooked.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Held together by hooks and <i>angulous</i> involutions.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An*gust"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>angustus</i>. See
<u>Anguish</u>.] <def>Narrow; strait.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An*gus"tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>angustatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>angustare</i> to make narrow.] <def>Narrowed.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`gus*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
making narrow; a straitening or contacting.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><! p. 58  !></p>

<p>{ <hw>An*gus`ti*fo"li*ate</hw>
(&abreve;n*g&ubreve;s`t&ibreve;*f&omacr;"l&ibreve;*&asl;t),
<hw>An*gus`ti*fo"li*ous</hw>
(&abreve;n*g&ubreve;s`t&ibreve;*f&omacr;"l&ibreve;*&ubreve;s), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>angustus</i> narrow (see <u>Anguish</u>) +
<i>folium</i> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having narrow leaves.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`gus*tu"ra bark`</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Angostura
bark</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`gwan*ti"bo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small lemuroid mammal (<i>Arctocebus Calabarensis</i>) of Africa. It
has only a rudimentary tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*hang"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>onhangian</i>.]
<def>To hang.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`har*mon"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>anharmonique</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?; harmonic.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>Not harmonic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The anharmonic function</b></col> or <col><b>ratio</b></col> of
four points <i>abcd</i> on a straight line is <cd>the quantity
(<i>ac/ad</i>):(<i>bc/bd</i>), where the segments are to be regarded
as plus or minus, according to the order of the letters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An`he*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>anhelatio</i>,
fr. <i>anhelare</i> to pant; <i>an</i> (perh. akin to E. <i>on</i>) +
<i>halare</i> to breathe: cf. F. <i>anh&eacute;lation</i>.] <def>Short and
rapid breathing; a panting; asthma.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*hele"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>aneler</i>,
<i>anheler</i>. See <u>Anhelation</u>.] <def>To pant; to be breathlessly
anxious or eager (<i>for</i>).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>anhele</i> . . . for the fruit of our
convocation.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"he*lose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Anhelous;
panting.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An*he"lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anhelus</i>.]
<def>Short of breath; panting.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"hi*ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Brazilian name.] <def>A
South American aquatic bird; the horned screamer or kamichi (<i>Palamedea
cornuta</i>). See <u>Kamichi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*hin"ga</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An aquatic bird of the southern United States
(<i>Platus anhinga</i>); the darter, or snakebird.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*his"tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + <grk>"isto`s</grk> web, tissue: cf. F. <i>anhiste</i>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Without definite structure; as, an <i>anhistous</i>
membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*hun"gered</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ahungered;
longing.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>An*hy"dride</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Anhydrous</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oxide of a nonmetallic body or an organic radical,
capable of forming an acid by uniting with the elements of water; -- so
called because it may be formed from an acid by the abstraction of
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*hy"drite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Anhydrous</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a white or a slightly bluish color, usually
massive. It is anhydrous sulphate of lime, and differs from gypsum in not
containing water (whence the name).</def></p>

<p><hw>An*hy"drous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wanting water;
<grk>'an</grk> priv. + <grk>"y`dwr</grk> water.] <def>Destitute of water;
as, <i>anhydrous</i> salts or acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"ni</hw> (&?;) or <hw>||A"no</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A black bird of tropical America,
the West Indies and Florida (<i>Crotophaga ani</i>), allied to the cuckoos,
and remarkable for communistic nesting.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"i*cut</hw>, <hw>||An"ni*cut</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Tamil <i>anai kattu</i> dam building.] <def>A dam or mole made in the
course of a stream for the purpose of regulating the flow of a system of
irrigation.</def> [India]  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*id`i*o*mat"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'an</grk> priv. + E. <i>idiomatical</i>.] <def>Not idiomatic.</def>
[R.]  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>An"i*ent</hw>, <hw>An`i*en"tise</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>anientir</i>, F. <i>an&eacute;antir</i>.] <def>To
frustrate; to bring to naught; to annihilate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*nigh"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i>
+ <i>nigh</i>.] <def>Nigh.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p>{ <hw>A*night"</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*nights"</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>on niht</i>.] <def>In the night time; at
night.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Does he hawk <i>anights</i> still?<BR>
<i>Marston.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"il</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>anil</i>, Sp.
<i>an&imacr;l</i>, or Pg. <i>anil</i>; all fr. Ar. <i>an-n&imacr;l</i>, for
<i>al-n&imacr;l</i> the indigo plant, fr. Skr. <i>n&imacr;la</i> dark blue,
<i>n&imacr;l&imacr;</i> indigo, indigo plant. Cf. <u>Lilac</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A West Indian plant (<i>Indigofera anil</i>), one of the
original sources of indigo; also, the indigo dye.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anilis</i>, fr.
<i>anus</i> an old woman.] <def>Old-womanish; imbecile.</def> "<i>Anile</i>
ideas."  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ile*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anility.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>An*il"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, anil; indigotic; -- applied to an
acid formed by the action of nitric acid on indigo.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An"i*lide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One
of a class of compounds which may be regarded as amides in which more or
less of the hydrogen has been replaced by phenyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"i*line</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Anil</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An organic base belonging to the phenylamines. It may
be regarded as ammonia in which one hydrogen atom has been replaced by the
radical phenyl. It is a colorless, oily liquid, originally obtained from
indigo by distillation, but now largely manufactured from coal tar or
nitrobenzene as a base from which many brilliant dyes are made.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"i*line</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made from, or of the
nature of, aniline.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>anilitas</i>. See
<u>Anile</u>.] <def>The state of being and old woman; old-womanishness;
dotage.</def> "Marks of <i>anility</i>."  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`i*mad*ver"sal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The faculty
of perceiving; a percipient.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`i*mad*ver"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>animadversio</i>, fr. <i>animadvertere</i>: cf. F. <i>animadversion</i>.
See <u>Animadvert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or power of
perceiving or taking notice; direct or simple perception.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The soul is the sole percipient which hath
<i>animadversion</i> and sense, properly so called.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Monition; warning.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Remarks by way of criticism and usually of
censure; adverse criticism; reproof; blame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He dismissed their commissioners with severe and sharp
<i>animadversions</i>.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Judicial cognizance of an offense; chastisement;
punishment.</def> [Archaic] "Divine animadversions."  <i>Wesley.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stricture; criticism; censure; reproof; blame;
comment.</p>

<p><hw>An`i*mad*ver"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
power of perceiving; percipient.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not mean there is a certain number of ideas glaring and
shining to the <i>animadversive</i> faculty.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An`i*mad*vert"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Animadverted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Animadverting</u>.] [L.  <i>animadvertere</i>; <i>animus</i> mind +
<i>advertere</i> to turn to; <i>ad</i> to + <i>vertere</i> to turn.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take notice; to observe; -- commonly followed by
<i>that</i>.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To consider or remark by way of criticism or
censure; to express censure; -- with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I should not <i>animadvert</i> on him . . . if he had not
used extreme severity in his judgment of the incomparable Shakespeare.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take cognizance judicially; to inflict
punishment.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To remark; comment; criticise; censure.</p>

<p><hw>An`i*mad*vert"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
animadverts; a censurer; also [Obs.], a chastiser.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"i*mal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>anima</i>
breath, soul: cf. F. <i>animal</i>. See <u>Animate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An organized living being endowed with sensation and the power of
voluntary motion, and also characterized by taking its food into an
internal cavity or stomach for digestion; by giving carbonic acid to the
air and taking oxygen in the process of respiration; and by increasing in
motive power or active aggressive force with progress to
maturity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the lower animals; a brute or beast, as
distinguished from man; as, men and <i>animals</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"i*mal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>animal</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or relating to animals; as, <i>animal</i>
functions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the merely sentient part of a
creature, as distinguished from the intellectual, rational, or spiritual
part; as, the <i>animal</i> passions or appetites.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of the flesh of animals; as,
<i>animal</i> food.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Animal magnetism</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Magnetism</u> and
<u>Mesmerism</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Animal electricity</b></col>, <cd>the
electricity developed in some animals, as the electric eel, torpedo,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Animal flower</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
name given to certain marine animals resembling a flower, as any species of
actinia or sea anemone, and other Anthozoa, hydroids, starfishes, etc.</cd>
-- <col><b>Animal heat</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the heat generated
in the body of a living animal, by means of which the animal is kept at
nearly a uniform temperature.</cd> -- <col><b>Animal spirits</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Spirit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Animal kingdom</b></col>,
<cd>the whole class of beings endowed with animal life. It embraces several
subkingdoms, and under these there are Classes, Orders, Families, Genera,
Species, and sometimes intermediate groupings, all in regular
subordination, but variously arranged by different writers.</cd> The
following are the grand divisions, or subkingdoms, and the principal
classes under them, generally recognized at the present time: --</p>

<p><BR>
<i><u>Vertebrata</u></i>, including <i>Mammalia</i> or <i>Mammals</i>,
<i>Aves</i> or <i>Birds</i>, <i>Reptilia</i>, <i>Amphibia</i>,
<i>Pisces</i> or <i>Fishes</i>, <i>Marsipobranchiata</i> (<i>Craniota</i>);
and <i>Leptocardia</i> (<i>Acrania</i>).</p>

<p><i><u>Tunicata</u></i>, including the <i>Thaliacea</i>, and
<i>Ascidioidea</i> or <i>Ascidians</i>.</p>

<p><i><u>Articulata</u></i> or <i><u>Annulosa</u></i>, including
<i>Insecta</i>, <i>Myriapoda</i>, <i>Malacapoda</i>, <i>Arachnida</i>,
<i>Pycnogonida</i>, <i>Merostomata</i>, <i>Crustacea</i>
(<i>Arthropoda</i>); and <i>Annelida</i>, <i>Gehyrea</i>
(<i>Anarthropoda</i>).</p>

<p><BR>
<i><u>Helminthes</u></i> or <i><u>Vermes</u></i>, including
<i>Rotifera</i>, <i>Ch&aelig;tognatha</i>, <i>Nematoidea</i>,
<i>Acanthocephala</i>, <i>Nemertina</i>, <i>Turbellaria</i>,
<i>Trematoda</i>, <i>Cestoidea</i>, <i>Mesozea</i>.</p>

<p><i><u>Molluscoidea</u></i>, including <i>Brachiopoda</i> and
<i>Bryozoa</i>.</p>

<p><i><u>Mollusca</u></i>, including <i>Cephalopoda</i>, <i>Gastropoda</i>,
<i>Pteropoda</i>, <i>Scaphopoda</i>, <i>Lamellibranchiata</i> or
<i>Acephala</i>.</p>

<p><i><u>Echinodermata</u></i>, including <i>Holothurioidea</i>,
<i>Echinoidea</i>, <i>Asterioidea</i>, <i>Ophiuroidea</i>, and
<i>Crinoidea</i>.</p>

<p><i><u>C&oelig;lenterata</u></i>, including <i>Anthozoa</i> or
<i>Polyps</i>, <i>Ctenophora</i>, and <i>Hydrozoa</i> or
<i>Acalephs</i>.</p>

<p><i><u>Spongiozoa</u></i> or <i><u>Porifera</u></i>, including the
sponges.</p>

<p><BR>
<i><u>Protozoa</u></i>, including <i>Infusoria</i> and
<i>Rhizopoda</i>.</p>

<p>For definitions, see these names in the Vocabulary.</p>

<p>{ <hw>An`i*mal"cu*lar</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`i*mal"cu*line</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling,
animalcules.</def> "<i>Animalcular</i> life."  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`i*mal"cule</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [As if fr. a L.
<i>animalculum</i>, dim. of <i>animal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
animal, as a fly, spider, etc.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal, invisible, or
nearly so, to the naked eye. See <u>Infusoria</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many of the so-called <i>animalcules</i> have been shown to be
plants, having locomotive powers something like those of animals. Among
these are <i>Volvox</i>, the <i>Desmidiac&aelig;</i>, and the siliceous
<i>Diatomace&aelig;</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Spermatic animalcules</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Spermatozoa</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An`i*mal"cu*lism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>animalculisme</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The theory which seeks to
explain certain physiological and pathological phenomena by means of
animalcules.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`i*mal"cu*list</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>animalculiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One versed in the knowledge
of animalcules.</def>  <i>Keith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A believer in the theory of
animalculism.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`i*mal"cu*lum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Animalcula</b></plw> (&?;). [NL. See <u>Animalcule</u>.] <def>An
animalcule.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Animalcul&aelig;</i>, as if from a Latin singular
<i>animalcula</i>, is a barbarism.</p>

<p><hw>An"i*mal*ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like an
animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"i*mal*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>animalisme</i>.] <def>The state, activity, or enjoyment of animals; mere
animal life without intellectual or moral qualities; sensuality.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`i*mal"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>animalit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Animal existence or nature.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`i*mal*i*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>animalisation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of animalizing; the
giving of animal life, or endowing with animal properties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conversion into animal matter by the process of
assimilation.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"i*mal*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Animalized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Animalizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>animaliser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
endow with the properties of an animal; to represent in animal form.</def>
<i>Warburton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To convert into animal matter by the processes
of assimilation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To render animal or sentient; to reduce to the
state of a lower animal; to sensualize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unconscious irony of the Epicurean poet on the
<i>animalizing</i> tendency of his own philosophy.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"i*mal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Physically.</def>
<i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"i*mal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Animality.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>An`i*mas"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anima</i>
breath, life.] <def>Pertaining to mind or spirit; spiritual.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`i*mas"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Psychology.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An"i*mate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Animated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Animating</u>.] [L. <i>animatus</i>, p. p. of <i>animare</i>, fr.
<i>anima</i> breath, soul; akin to <i>animus</i> soul, mind, Gr. &?; wind,
Skr. <i>an</i> to breathe, live, Goth. <i>us-anan</i> to expire (<i>us-</i>
out), Icel. <i>&ouml;nd</i> breath, <i>anda</i> to breathe, OHG.
<i>ando</i> anger. Cf. <u>Animal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give
natural life to; to make alive; to quicken; as, the soul <i>animates</i>
the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give powers to, or to heighten the powers or
effect of; as, to <i>animate</i> a lyre.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give spirit or vigor to; to stimulate or
incite; to inspirit; to rouse; to enliven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The more to <i>animate</i> the people, he stood on high . .
. and cried unto them with a loud voice.<BR>
<i>Knolles.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To enliven; inspirit; stimulate; exhilarate; inspire;
instigate; rouse; urge; cheer; prompt; incite; quicken; gladden.</p>

<p><hw>An"i*mate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>animatus</i>, p.
p.] <def>Endowed with life; alive; living; animated; lively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The admirable structure of <i>animate</i> bodies.<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"i*ma`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Endowed with life;
full of life or spirit; indicating animation; lively; vigorous.</def>
"<i>Animated</i> sounds." <i>Pope.</i> "<i>Animated</i> bust." <i>Gray.</i>
"<i>Animated</i> descriptions." <i>Lewis.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"i*ma`ted*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
animation.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"i*ma`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
animates.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"i*ma"ting</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing animation;
life-giving; inspiriting; rousing.</def>   "<i>Animating</i> cries."
<i>Pope.</i> -- <wf>An"i*ma`ting*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An`i*ma"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>animatio</i>,
fr. <i>animare</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of animating, or
giving life or spirit; the state of being animate or alive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>animation</i> of the same soul quickening the whole
frame.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps an inanimate thing supplies me, while I am speaking,
with whatever I possess of <i>animation</i>.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being lively, brisk, or full of
spirit and vigor; vivacity; spiritedness; as, he recited the story with
great <i>animation</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Suspended animation</b></col>, <cd>temporary suspension of the
vital functions, as in persons nearly drowned.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Liveliness; vivacity; spirit; buoyancy; airiness;
sprightliness; promptitude; enthusiasm; ardor; earnestness; energy. See
<u>Liveliness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>An"i*ma*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the power
of giving life or spirit.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"i*ma`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>animare</i>.]
<def>One who, or that which, animates; an animater.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A"ni*m&eacute;`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., animated.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Of a different tincture from the animal itself; -- said
of the eyes of a rapacious animal.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A"ni*m&eacute;</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>anim&eacute;</i> animated (from the insects that are entrapped in it);
or native name.] <def>A resin exuding from a tropical American tree
(<i>Hymen&aelig;a courbaril</i>), and much used by varnish makers.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"i*mism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>animisme</i>,
fr. L. <i>anima</i> soul. See <u>Animate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
doctrine, taught by Stahl, that the soul is the proper principle of life
and development in the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The belief that inanimate objects and the
phenomena of nature are endowed with personal life or a living soul; also,
in an extended sense, the belief in the existence of soul or spirit apart
from matter.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"i*mist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>animiste</i>.]
<def>One who maintains the doctrine of animism.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`i*mis"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to animism.</def>  <i>Huxley. Tylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`i*mose"</hw> (&?;), <hw>An"i*mous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>animosus</i>, fr. <i>animus</i> soul, spirit,
courage.] <def>Full of spirit; hot; vehement; resolute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`i*mose"ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vehemence of
temper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An`i*mos"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Animosities</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>animosit&eacute;</i>, fr. L.
<i>animositas</i>. See <u>Animose</u>, <u>Animate</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mere spiritedness or courage.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such as give some proof of <i>animosity</i>, audacity, and
execution, those she [the crocodile] loveth.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Violent hatred leading to active opposition;
active enmity; energetic dislike.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Enmity; hatred; opposition. -- <u>Animosity</u>,
<u>Enmity</u>. <i>Enmity</i> be dormant or concealed; <i>animosity</i> is
active enmity, inflamed by collision and mutual injury between opposing
parties. The <i>animosities</i> which were continually springing up among
the clans in Scotland kept that kingdom in a state of turmoil and bloodshed
for successive ages. The <i>animosities</i> which have been engendered
among Christian sects have always been the reproach of the church.</p>

<p><blockquote>Such [writings] as naturally conduce to inflame hatreds and
make <i>enmities</i> irreconcilable.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>[These] factions . . . never suspended their
<i>animosities</i> till they ruined that unhappy government.<BR>
<i>Hume.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"i*mus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Animi</b></plw> (&?;). [L., mind.] <def>Animating spirit;
intention; temper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>nimus furandi</b></col> [L.] <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>intention of
stealing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An"i*on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, neut. &?;, p. pr.
of &?; to go up; &?; up + &?; to go.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An electro-
negative element, or the element which, in electro-chemical decompositions,
is evolved at the anode; -- opposed to <u>cation</u>.</def>
<i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><! p. 59  !></p>

<p><hw>An"ise</hw> (&abreve;n"&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>anys</i>, F. <i>anis</i>, L. <i>anisum</i>, <i>anethum</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>'a`nison</grk>, <grk>'a`nhqon</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An umbelliferous plant (<i>Pimpinella anisum</i>) growing naturally in
Egypt, and cultivated in Spain, Malta, etc., for its carminative and
aromatic seeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fruit or seeds of this plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"i*seed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The seed of the
anise; also, a cordial prepared from it.</def> "Oil of <i>aniseed</i>."
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An`i*sette"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A French
cordial or liqueur flavored with anise seeds.</def>  <i>De Colange.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*nis"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or derived from
anise; as, <i>anisic</i> acid; <i>anisic</i> alcohol.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||An`i*so*dac"ty*la</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`i*so*dac"tyls</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. <i>anisodactyla</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>'a`nisos</grk> unequal (<grk>'an</grk> priv. + <grk>'i`sos</grk>
equal) + <grk>da`ktylos</grk> finger.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A group of herbivorous mammals characterized by
having the hoofs in a single series around the foot, as the elephant,
rhinoceros, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A group of perching birds
which are anisodactylous.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`i*so*dac"ty*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Characterized by unequal toes, three turned
forward and one backward, as in most passerine birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`i*so*mer"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; unequal +
&?; part.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Not isomeric; not made of the same
components in the same proportions.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`i*som"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Anisomeric</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the number of floral organs
unequal, as four petals and six stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`i*so*met"ric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + E. <i>isometric</i>.] <def>Not isometric; having unsymmetrical
parts; -- said of crystals with three unequal axes.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`i*so*pet"al*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; unequal
+ &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having unequal petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`i*soph"yl*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; unequal
+ &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having unequal leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`i*so*pleu"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; unequal + &?; side.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A primary division of
gastropods, including those having spiral shells. The two sides of the body
are unequally developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`i*sop"o*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; unequal + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
Crustacea, which, in some its characteristics, is intermediate between
Amphipoda and Isopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`i*so*stem"o*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
unequal + &?; warp, thread; &?; to stand.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
unequal stamens; having stamens different in number from the
petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`i*so*sthen"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; unequal +
&?; strength.] <def>Of unequal strength.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An"i*so*trope`</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`i*so*trop"ic</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; unequal + &?; a turning, &?; to turn.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Not isotropic; having different properties in
different directions; thus, crystals of the isometric system are optically
isotropic, but all other crystals are <i>anisotropic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`i*sot"ro*pous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Anisotropic.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ker</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>anker</i>: cf. LL.
<i>anceria</i>, <i>ancheria</i>.] <def>A liquid measure in various
countries of Europe. The Dutch <i>anker</i>, formerly also used in England,
contained about 10 of the old wine gallons, or 8&frac12; imperial
gallons.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ker*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from Prof.
<i>Anker</i> of Austria: cf. F. <i>ank&eacute;rite</i>, G. <i>ankerit</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral closely related to dolomite, but containing
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"kle</hw> (&abreve;&nsm;"k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>ancle</i>, <i>anclow</i>, AS. <i>ancleow</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>&ouml;kkla</i>, <i>&ouml;kli</i>, Dan. and Sw. <i>ankel</i>, D.
<i>enklaauw</i>, <i>enkel</i>, G. <i>enkel</i>, and perh. OHG.
<i>encha</i>, <i>ancha</i> thigh, shin: cf. Skr. <i>anga</i> limb,
<i>anguri</i> finger. Cf. <u>Haunch</u>.] <def>The joint which connects the
foot with the leg; the tarsus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ankle bone</b></col>, <cd>the bone of the ankle; the
astragalus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An"kled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having ankles; -- used
in composition; as, well-<i>ankled</i>.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"klet</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ornament or a
fetter for the ankle; an ankle ring.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ky*lose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Anchylose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`ky*lo"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Anchylosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"lace</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Origin unknown.] <def>A
broad dagger formerly worn at the girdle.</def> [Written also
<i>anelace</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ann</hw> (&?;), <hw>An"nat</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>annata</i> income of a year, also, of half a year, fr. L. <i>annus</i>
year: cf. F. <i>annate</i> annats.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A half years's
stipend, over and above what is owing for the incumbency, due to a
minister's heirs after his decease.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hindi
<i>&amacr;n&amacr;</i>.] <def>An East Indian money of account, the
sixteenth of a rupee, or about 2&?; cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Annals</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"nal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>annaliste</i>.]
<def>A writer of annals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The monks . . . were the only <i>annalists</i> in those
ages.<BR>
<i>Hume.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An`nal*is"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or after the manner of, an annalist; as, the dry <i>annalistic
style</i>.</def>"<i>A stiff annalistic</i> method."  <i>Sir G. C.
Lewis.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"nal*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To record in
annals.</def>  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"nals</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>annalis</i> (sc.
<i>liber</i>), and more frequently in the pl. <i>annales</i> (sc.
<i>libri</i>), chronicles, fr. <i>annus</i> year. Cf. <u>Annual</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A relation of events in chronological order, each
event being recorded under the year in which it happened.</def>
"<i>Annals</i> the revolution." <i>Macaulay.</i> "The <i>annals</i> of our
religion." <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Historical records; chronicles;
history.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The short and simple <i>annals</i> of the poor.<BR>
<i>Gray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It was one of the most critical periods in our
<i>annals</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>sing.</i> <def>The record of a single event or
item.</def>  "In deathless <i>annal</i>."  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A periodic publication, containing records of
discoveries, transactions of societies, etc.; as "<i>Annals</i> of
Science."</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- History. See <u>History</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>An"nats</hw> (&?;), <hw>An"nates</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [See <u>Ann</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <def>The first year's
profits of a spiritual preferment, anciently paid by the clergy to the
pope; first fruits. In England, they now form a fund for the augmentation
of poor livings.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*neal"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Annealed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Annealing</u>.] [OE. <i>anelen</i> to heat, burn, AS. <i>an&?;lan</i>;
<i>an</i> on + <i>&?;lan</i> to burn; also OE. <i>anelen</i> to enamel,
prob. influenced by OF. <i>neeler</i>, <i>nieler</i>, to put a black enamel
on gold or silver, F. <i>nieller</i>, fr. LL. <i>nigellare</i> to blacken,
fr. L. <i>nigellus</i> blackish, dim. of <i>niger</i> black. Cf.
<u>Niello</u>, <u>Negro</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To subject to great
heat, and then cool slowly, as glass, cast iron, steel, or other metal, for
the purpose of rendering it less brittle; to temper; to toughen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To heat, as glass, tiles, or earthenware, in
order to fix the colors laid on them.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*neal"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, anneals.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*neal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
process used to render glass, iron, etc., less brittle, performed by
allowing them to cool very gradually from a high heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The burning of metallic colors into glass,
earthenware, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nec"tent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>annectere</i> to
tie or bind to. See <u>Annex</u>.] <def>Connecting; annexing.</def>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`ne*lid</hw> (&?;), <hw>An*nel"i*dan</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>ann&eacute;lide</i>, fr. <i>anneler</i> to
arrange in rings, OF. <i>anel</i> a ring, fr. L. <i>anellus</i> a ring,
dim. of <i>annulus</i> a ring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Annelida.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Annelida.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*nel"i*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Annelid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of the Articulata,
having the body formed of numerous rings or annular segments, and without
jointed legs. The principal subdivisions are the <i>Ch&aelig;topoda</i>,
including the <i>Oligoch&aelig;ta</i> or earthworms and
<i>Polych&aelig;ta</i> or marine worms; and the <i>Hirudinea</i> or
leeches. See <u>Ch&aelig;topoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nel"i*dous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of the nature of an annelid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`nel*la"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Annelida</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ne*loid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>annel&eacute;</i>
ringed + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal resembling an
annelid.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nex"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Annexed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Annexing</u>.] [F. <i>annexer</i>, fr. L. <i>annexus</i>, p. p. of
<i>annectere</i> to tie or bind to; <i>ad</i> + <i>nectere</i> to tie, to
fasten together, akin to Skr. <i>nah</i> to bind.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To join or attach; usually to subjoin; to affix; to append; --
followed by <i>to</i>.</def> "He <i>annexed</i> a codicil to a will."
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To join or add, as a smaller thing to a
greater.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>annexed</i> a province to his kingdom.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attach or connect, as a consequence,
condition, etc.; as, to <i>annex</i> a penalty to a prohibition, or
punishment to guilt.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To add; append; affix; unite; coalesce. See
<u>Add</u>.</p>

<p><hw>An*nex"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To join; to be
united.</def>  <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*nex"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>annexe</i>, L.
<i>annexus</i>, neut. <i>annexum</i>, p. p. of <i>annectere</i>.]
<def>Something annexed or appended; as, an additional stipulation to a
writing, a subsidiary building to a main building; a wing.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`nex*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>annexation</i>. See <u>Annex</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of annexing; process of attaching, adding,
or appending; the act of connecting; union; as, the <i>annexation</i> of
Texas to the United States, or of chattels to the freehold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The union of
property with a freehold so as to become a fixture. <i>Bouvier</i>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Scots Law)</i> The appropriation of lands or rents
to the crown.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`nex*a"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favors
annexation.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nex"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
annexes.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nex"ion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>annexio</i> a
tying to, connection: cf. F. <i>annexion</i>.] <def>Annexation.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*nex"ion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
annexationist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An*nex"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
annexing, or the thing annexed; appendage.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*ni"hi*la*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being annihilated.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ni"hi*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Annihilated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Annihilating</u>.] [L. <i>annihilare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>nihilum</i>,
<i>nihil</i>, nothing, <i>ne hilum</i> (<i>filum</i>) not a thread, nothing
at all. Cf. <u>File</u>, a row.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to
nothing or nonexistence; to destroy the existence of; to cause to cease to
be.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It impossible for any body to be utterly
<i>annihilated</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the form or peculiar distinctive
properties of, so that the specific thing no longer exists; as, to
<i>annihilate</i> a forest by cutting down the trees.</def> "To
<i>annihilate</i> the army."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To destroy or eradicate, as a property or
attribute of a thing; to make of no effect; to destroy the force, etc., of;
as, to <i>annihilate</i> an argument, law, rights, goodness.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ni"hi*late</hw> (an*n&imacr;"h&ibreve;*l&asl;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Annihilated.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*ni`hi*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>annihilation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of reducing to
nothing, or nonexistence; or the act of destroying the form or combination
of parts under which a thing exists, so that the name can no longer be
applied to it; as, the <i>annihilation</i> of a corporation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being annihilated.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*ni`hi*la"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Theol.)</i>
<def>One who believes that eternal punishment consists in annihilation or
extinction of being; a destructionist.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ni"hi*la*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
annihilate; destructive.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ni"hi*la`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, annihilates; as, a fire <i>annihilator</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ni"hi*la*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Annihilative.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ni*ver"sa*ri*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Annually.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ni*ver"sa*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anniversarius</i>; <i>annus</i> year + <i>vertere</i>, <i>versum</i>, to
turn: cf. F. <i>anniversaire</i>.] <def>Returning with the year, at a
stated time; annual; yearly; as, an <i>anniversary</i> feast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Anniversary day</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>. <cd>See
<u>Anniversary</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Anniversary
week</b></col>, <cd>that week in the year in which the annual meetings of
religious and benevolent societies are held in Boston and New York.</cd>
[Eastern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>An`ni*ver"sa*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;  pl.
<plw><b>Anniversaries</b></plw> (&?;). [Cf. F. <i>anniversaire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The annual return of the day on which any notable
event took place, or is wont to be celebrated; as, the <i>anniversary</i>
of the Declaration of Independence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The day on which Mass is said
yearly for the soul of a deceased person; the commemoration of some sacred
event, as the dedication of a church or the consecration of a
pope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The celebration which takes place on an
anniversary day.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ni*verse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>anni versus</i>
the turning of a year.] <def>Anniversary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"no*da`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ad</i> to +
<i>nodus</i> a knot.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Curved somewhat in the form of the
letter S.</def>  <i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An"no Dom"i*ni</hw> (&?;). [L., in the year of [our] Lord [Jesus
Christ]; usually abbrev. <u>a. d.</u>] <def>In the year of the Christian
era; as, <u>a. d.</u> 1887.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nom"i*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
name.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An*nom`i*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>annominatio</i>. See <u>Agnomination</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Paronomasia; punning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Alliteration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tyrwhitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"no*tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Annotated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Annotating</u>.] [L. <i>annotatus</i>; p. p. of <i>annotare</i> to
annotate; <i>ad</i> + <i>notare</i> to mark, <i>nota</i> mark. See
<u>Note</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To explain or criticize by notes;
as, to <i>annotate</i> the works of Bacon.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"no*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make notes or
comments; -- with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`no*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>annotatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>annotation</i>.] <def>A note, added by way of comment, or
explanation; -- usually in the plural; as, <i>annotations</i> on ancient
authors, or on a word or a passage.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`no*ta"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
annotator.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An"no*ta*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
annotations; of the nature of annotation.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"no*ta`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A writer of
annotations; a commentator.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*no"ta*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
an annotator; containing annotations.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An"no*tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>annotinus</i> a
year old.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird one year old, or that has once
molted.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*not"i*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>annotinus</i>,
fr. <i>annus</i> year.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A year old; in Yearly
growths.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*not"to</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar*not"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Perh. the native name.] <def>A red or yellowish-red dyeing material,
prepared from the pulp surrounding the seeds of a tree (<i>Bixa
orellana</i>) belonging to the tropical regions of America. It is used for
coloring cheese, butter, etc.</def> [Written also <i>Anatto</i>,
<i>Anatta</i>, <i>Annatto</i>, <i>Annotta</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>An*nounce"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Announced</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Announcing</u> (&?;).] [OF. <i>anoncier</i>, F. <i>annoncer</i>, fr. L.
<i>annuntiare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>nuntiare</i> to report, relate,
<i>nuntius</i> messenger, bearer of news. See <u>Nuncio</u>, and cf.
<u>Annunciate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give public notice, or first notice of; to
make known; to publish; to proclaim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her [Q. Elizabeth's] arrival was <i>announced</i> through
the country by a peal of cannon from the ramparts.<BR>
<i>Gilpin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pronounce; to declare by judicial
sentence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Publish laws, <i>announce</i><BR>
Or life or death.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To proclaim; publish; make known; herald; declare;
promulgate.  -- To <u>Publish</u>, <u>Announce</u>, <u>Proclaim</u>,
<u>Promulgate</u>. We <i>publish</i> what we give openly to the world,
either by oral communication or by means of the press; as, to
<i>publish</i> abroad the faults of our neighbors. We <i>announce</i> what
we declare by anticipation, or make known for the first time; as, to
<i>announce</i> the speedy publication of a book; to <i>announce</i> the
approach or arrival of a distinguished personage. We <i>proclaim</i>
anything to which we give the widest publicity; as, to <i>proclaim</i> the
news of victory.  We <i>promulgate</i> when we proclaim more widely what
has before been known by some; as, to <i>promulgate</i> the gospel.</p>

<p><hw>An*nounce"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
announcing, or giving notice; that which announces; proclamation;
publication.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*noun"cer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
announces.</def></p>

<p><! p. 60  !></p>

<p><hw>An*noy"</hw> (&abreve;n*noi"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Annoyed</u> (&abreve;n*noid"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Annoying</u>.] [OE. <i>anoien</i>, <i>anuien</i>, OF.
<i>anoier</i>, <i>anuier</i>, F. <i>ennuyer</i>, fr. OF. <i>anoi</i>,
<i>anui</i>, <i>enui</i>, annoyance, vexation, F. <i>ennui</i>. See
<u>Annoy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To disturb or irritate, especially
by continued or repeated acts; to tease; to ruffle in mind; to vex; as, I
was <i>annoyed</i> by his remarks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Say, what can more our tortured souls <i>annoy</i><BR>
Than to behold, admire, and lose our joy?<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To molest, incommode, or harm; as, to
<i>annoy</i> an army by impeding its march, or by a cannonade.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To molest; vex; trouble; pester; embarrass; perplex;
tease.</p>

<p><hw>An*noy"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>anoi</i>,
<i>anui</i>, OF. <i>anoi</i>, <i>anui</i>, <i>enui</i>, fr. L. <i>in
odio</i> hatred (esse alicui <i>in odio</i>, Cic.). See <u>Ennui</u>,
<u>Odium</u>, <u>Noisome</u>, <u>Noy</u>.] <def>A feeling of discomfort or
vexation caused by what one dislikes; also, whatever causes such a feeling;
as, to work <i>annoy</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Worse than Tantalus' is her <i>annoy</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An*noy"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>anoiance</i>,
<i>anuiance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of annoying, or the state
of being annoyed; molestation; vexation; annoy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A deep clay, giving much <i>annoyance</i> to passengers.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>For the further <i>annoyance</i> and terror of any besieged
place, they would throw into it dead bodies.<BR>
<i>Wilkins.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which annoys.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A grain, a dust, a gnat, a wandering hair,<BR>
Any <i>annoyance</i> in that precious sense.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An*noy"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, annoys.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*noy"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Annoying.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*noy"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That annoys; molesting;
vexatious.</def>  -- <wf>An*noy"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An*noy"ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>enuius</i>,
<i>anoios</i>.] <def>Troublesome; annoying.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"nu*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>annuel</i>, F.
<i>annuel</i>, fr. L. <i>annualis</i>, fr. <i>annus</i> year. Cf.
<u>Annals</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a year;
returning every year; coming or happening once in the year;
yearly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>annual</i> overflowing of the river [Nile].<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Performed or accomplished in a year; reckoned by
the year; as, the <i>annual</i> motion of the earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand pound a year, <i>annual</i> support.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lasting or continuing only one year or one
growing season; requiring to be renewed every year; as, an <i>annual</i>
plant; <i>annual</i> tickets.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"nu*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thing
happening or returning yearly; esp. a literary work published once a
year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything, especially a plant, that lasts but one
year or season; an annual plant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oaths . . . in some sense almost <i>annuals</i>; . . . and I
myself can remember about forty different sets.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A Mass for a deceased person
or for some special object, said daily for a year or on the anniversary
day.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"nu*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who writes for, or
who edits, an annual.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An"nu*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Yearly; year by
year.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"nu*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>annuaire</i>.] <def>Annual.</def> [Obs.] -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
yearbook.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"nu*el*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A priest employed
in saying <i>annuals</i>, or anniversary Masses.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"nu*ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>annuens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>annuere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>nuere</i> to nod.] <def>Nodding; as,
<i>annuent</i> muscles (used in nodding).</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nu"i*tant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Annuity</u>.]
<def>One who receives, or its entitled to receive, an annuity.</def>
<i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*nu"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Annuities</b></plw> (&?;). [LL. <i>annuitas</i>, fr. L.
<i>annus</i> year: cf. F. <i>annuit&eacute;</i>.] <def>A sum of money,
payable yearly, to continue for a given number of years, for life, or
forever; an annual allowance.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nul"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Annulled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Annulling</u>.] [F. <i>annuler</i>, LL. <i>annullare</i>,
<i>annulare</i>, fr. L. <i>ad</i> to + <i>nullus</i> none, <i>nullum</i>,
neut., nothing. See <u>Null</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To reduce to nothing; to obliterate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Light, the prime work of God, to me's extinct.<BR>
And all her various objects of delight<BR>
<i>Annulled</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make void or of no effect; to nullify; to
abolish; to do away with; -- used appropriately of laws, decrees, edicts,
decisions of courts, or other established rules, permanent usages, and the
like, which are made void by component authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do they mean to <i>annul</i> laws of inestimable value to
our liberties?<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abolish; abrogate; repeal; cancel; reverse; rescind;
revoke; nullify; destroy. See <u>Abolish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>An"nu*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>annularis</i>, fr.
<i>annulis</i> ring: cf. F. <i>annulaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or having the form of, a ring; forming a ring; ringed;
ring-shaped; as, <i>annular</i> fibers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Banded or marked with circles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Annular eclipse</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>an eclipse of
the sun in which the moon at the middle of the eclipse conceals the central
part of the sun's disk, leaving a complete ring of light around the
border.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An`nu*lar"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Annular
condition or form; as, the <i>annularity</i> of a nebula.</def>  <i>J.
Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"nu*lar*ry</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an annular
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"nu*la*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>annularis</i>.
See <u>Annular</u>.] <def>Having the form of a ring; annular.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An`nu*la"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Neut. pl., fr.
L. <i>annulatus</i> ringed.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class of articulate
animals, nearly equivalent to <i>Annelida</i>, including the marine
annelids, earthworms, Gephyrea, Gymnotoma, leeches, etc. See
<u>Annelida</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"nu*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Annulata.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An"nu*late</hw>, <hw>An"nu*la`ted</hw> (&?;) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>annulatus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with, or composed of, rings; ringed; surrounded by rings of
color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Annulata.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`nu*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A circular or
ringlike formation; a ring or belt.</def>  <i>Nicholson.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"nu*let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>annulus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little ring.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small, flat fillet, encircling
a column, etc., used by itself, or with other moldings. It is used, several
times repeated, under the Doric capital.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A little circle borne as a
charge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A narrow circle of some
distinct color on a surface or round an organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nul"la*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
Annulled.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nul"ler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
annuls.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An*nul"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>annulement</i>.] <def>The act of annulling; abolition;
invalidation.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"nu*loid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Annuloida.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`nu*loid"a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>annulus</i> ring + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
the Articulata, including the annelids and allied groups; sometimes made to
include also the helminths and echinoderms.</def> [Written also
<i>Annuloidea</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||An"nu*lo"sa</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of the Invertebrata, nearly equivalent
to the Articulata. It includes the Arthoropoda and Anarthropoda. By some
zo&ouml;logists it is applied to the former only.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`nu*lo"san</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Annulosa.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"nu*lose`</hw> (&?;; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>annulus</i>
ring.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Furnished with, or composed of, rings or
ringlike segments; ringed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Annulosa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"nu*lus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Annuli</b></plw> (&?;). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ring; a
ringlike part or space.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A space
contained between the circumferences of two circles, one within the
other.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The solid formed by a circle
revolving around a line which is the plane of the circle but does not cut
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Ring-shaped structures or
markings, found in, or upon, various animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nu"mer*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>annumeratus</i>, p. p. of <i>annumerare</i>. See <u>Numerate</u>.]
<def>To add on; to count in.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wollaston.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*nu`mer*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>annumeratio</i>.] <def>Addition to a former number.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*nun"ci*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
announced or declared; declarable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An*nun"ci*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Annunciated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Annunciating</u>.] [L. <i>annuntiare</i>. See <u>Announce</u>.] <def>To
announce.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nun"ci*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Foretold; preannounced.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*nun`ci*a"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>annuntiatio</i>: cf. F. <i>annonciation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of announcing; announcement; proclamation; as, the
<i>annunciation</i> of peace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
announcement of the incarnation, made by the angel Gabriel to the Virgin
Mary.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The festival celebrated (March 25th)
by the Church of England, of Rome, etc., in memory of the angel's
announcement, on that day; Lady Day.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nun"ci*a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
annunciation; announcing.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*nun"ci*a`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>annuntiator</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who announces.
Specifically: An officer in the church of Constantinople, whose business it
was to inform the people of the festivals to be celebrated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An indicator (as in a hotel) which designates
the room where attendance is wanted.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*nun"ci*a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or containing, announcement; making known.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||A*noa"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small wild ox of Celebes (<i>Anoa
depressicornis</i>), allied to the buffalo, but having long nearly straight
horns.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ode</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; up + &?; way.]
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The positive pole of an electric battery, or more
strictly the electrode by which the current enters the electrolyte on its
way to the other pole; -- opposed to <i>cathode</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"o*don</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
toothless; <grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?;, &?;, a tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of fresh-water bivalves, having no teeth at the hinge.</def>
[Written also <i>Anodonta</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>An"o*dyne</hw> (&abreve;n"&osl;*d&imacr;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anodynus</i>, Gr. &?; free from pain, stilling pain; <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + &?; pain: cf. F. <i>anodin</i>.] <def>Serving to assuage pain;
soothing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>anodyne</i> draught of oblivion.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; "The word [in a medical sense] in chiefly applied to the
different preparations of opium, belladonna, hyoscyamus, and lettuce."
<i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"o*dyne</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>anodynon</i>. See
<u>Anodyne</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Any medicine which allays pain,
as an opiate or narcotic; anything that soothes disturbed
feelings.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"o*dy`nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Anodyne.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*noil"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>enoilier</i>.]
<def>To anoint with oil.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*noint"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Anointed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Anointing</u>.] [OF. <i>enoint</i>, p. p. of <i>enoindre</i>, fr. L.
<i>inungere</i>; <i>in + ungere</i>, <i>unguere</i>, to smear, anoint. See
<u>Ointment</u>, <u>Unguent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To smear or rub
over with oil or an unctuous substance; also, to spread over, as
oil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And fragrant oils the stiffened limbs <i>anoint</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>anointed</i> the eyes of the blind man with the
clay.<BR>
<i>John ix. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To apply oil to or to pour oil upon, etc., as a
sacred rite, especially for consecration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then shalt thou take the <i>anointing</i> oil, and pour it
upon his [Aaron's] head and <i>anoint</i> him.<BR>
<i>Exod. xxix. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Anoint</i> Hazael to be king over Syria.<BR>
<i>1 Kings xix. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>The Lord's Anointed</b></col>, <cd>Christ or the Messiah; also,
a Jewish or other king by "divine right."</cd>  <i>1 Sam. xxvi. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*noint"</hw>, <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Anointed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*noint"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
anoints.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*noint"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
anointing, or state of being anointed; also, an ointment.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*no"lis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [In the Antilles,
<i>anoli</i>, <i>anoalli</i>, a lizard.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus
of lizards which belong to the family <i>Iguanid&aelig;</i>. They take the
place in the New World of the chameleons in the Old, and in America are
often called <i>chameleons</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nom"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything
anomalous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>A*nom"a*li*ped</hw> (&?;)(#), <hw>A*nom"a*li*pede</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anomalus</i> irregular + <i>pes</i>,
<i>pedis</i>, foot.] <def>Having anomalous feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nom"a*li*ped</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a group of perching birds, having the middle toe more or less
united to the outer and inner ones.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nom"a*lism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An anomaly; a
deviation from rule.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*nom`a*lis"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*nom`a*lis"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>anomalistique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Irregular; departing from common or established rules.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the anomaly, or
angular distance of a planet from its perihelion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Anomalistic month</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Month</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Anomalistic revolution</b></col>, <cd>the period in which a planet
or satellite goes through the complete cycles of its changes of anomaly, or
from any point in its elliptic orbit to the same again.</cd> --
<col><b>Anomalistic</b></col>, or <col><b>Periodical year</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Year</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*nom`a*lis"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
irregularity.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nom`a*lo*flo"rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anomalus</i> irregular + <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having anomalous flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nom"a*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anomalus</i>,
Gr. &?; uneven, irregular; <grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?; even, &?; same. See
<u>Same</u>, and cf. <u>Abnormal</u>.] <def>Deviating from a general rule,
method, or analogy; abnormal; irregular; as, an <i>anomalous</i>
proceeding.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nom"a*lous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an anomalous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nom"a*lous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
anomalous.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nom"a*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Anomalies</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>anomalia</i>, Gr. &?;. See
<u>Anomalous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deviation from the common rule;
an irregularity; anything anomalous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are enabled to unite into a consistent whole the various
<i>anomalies</i> and contending principles that are found in the minds and
affairs of men.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As Professor Owen has remarked, there is no greater
<i>anomaly</i> in nature than a bird that can not fly.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The angular
distance of a planet from its perihelion, as seen from the sun. This is the
<i>true</i> anomaly. The <i>eccentric</i> anomaly is a corresponding angle
at the center of the elliptic orbit of the planet. The <i>mean</i> anomaly
is what the anomaly would be if the planet's angular motion were
uniform.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The angle measuring apparent
irregularities in the motion of a planet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Any deviation from the
essential characteristics of a specific type.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*no"mi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
irregular; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + <grk>no'mos</grk> law.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of bivalve shells, allied to the oyster,
so called from their unequal valves, of which the lower is perforated for
attachment.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`o*moph"yl*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
irregular + &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having leaves irregularly
placed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||An`o*mu"ra</hw> (&?;), <hw>||An`o*mou"ra</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; lawless + &?; tail.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of decapod Crustacea, of which the hermit
crab in an example.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`o*mu"ral</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`o*mu"ran</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Irregular in the character of the tail or
abdomen; as, the <i>anomural</i> crustaceans.</def> [Written also
<i>anomoural</i>, <i>anomouran</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>An`o*mu"ran</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of the Anomura.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Anomia</u>.] <def>Disregard or violation of law.</def> [R.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*non"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>anoon</i>,
<i>anon</i>, <i>anan</i>, lit., in one (moment), fr. AS. <i>on</i> in +
<i>&amacr;n</i> one. See <u>On</u> and <u>One</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Straightway; at once.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The same is he that heareth the word, and <i>anon</i> with
joy receiveth it.<BR>
<i>Matt. xiii. 20.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soon; in a little while.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As it shall better appear <i>anon</i>.<BR>
<i>Stow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>At another time; then; again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes he trots, . . . <i>anon</i> he rears upright.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Anon right</b></col>, <cd>at once; right off.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Ever and anon</b></col>, <cd>now and then;
frequently; often.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>A pouncet box, which <i>ever and anon</i><BR>
He gave his nose.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||A*no"na</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Cf. <u>Ananas</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of tropical or subtropical plants of the natural
order <i>Anonace&aelig;</i>, including the soursop.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`o*na"ceous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
order of plants including the soursop, custard apple, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"o*nym</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>anonyme</i>. See
<u>Anonymous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is anonymous; also
sometimes used for "pseudonym."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A notion which has no name, or which can not be
expressed by a single English word.</def> [R.]  <i>J. R. Seeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`o*nym"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being anonymous; anonymousness; also, that which anonymous.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He rigorously insisted upon the rights of
<i>anonymity</i>.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*non"y*mous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; without name;
<grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?;, Eol. for &?; name. See <u>Name</u>.]
<def>Nameless; of unknown name; also, of unknown or unavowed authorship;
as, an <i>anonymous</i> benefactor; an <i>anonymous</i> pamphlet or
letter.</def></p>

<p><! p. 61  !></p>

<p><hw>A*non"y*mous*ly</hw>
(&adot;*n&obreve;n"&ibreve;*m&ubreve;s*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In an anonymous manner; without a name.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*non"y*mous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being anonymous.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"o*phyte</hw> (&abreve;n"&osl;*f&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>'a`nw</grk> upward (fr. <grk>'ana`</grk> up) + <grk>fyto`n</grk>
a plant, <grk>fy`ein</grk> to grow.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A moss or mosslike
plant which cellular stems, having usually an upward growth and distinct
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"o*pla</hw> (&abreve;n"&obreve;*pl&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'a`noplos</grk> unarmed.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the two orders of Nemerteans. See
<u>Nemertina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*op"lo*there</hw> (&abreve;n*&obreve;p"l&osl;*th&emacr;r),
<hw>||An`o*plo*the"ri*um</hw>
(&abreve;n`&osl;*pl&osl;*th&emacr;"r&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. <grk>'a`noplos</grk> unarmed (<grk>'an</grk>
priv. + <grk>'o`plon</grk> an implement, weapon) + <grk>qhri`on</grk>
beast.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of extinct quadrupeds of the order
<i>Ungulata</i>, whose were first found in the gypsum quarries near Paris;
characterized by the shortness and feebleness of their canine teeth (whence
the name).</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`o*plu"ra</hw> (&abreve;n`&osl;*pl&umacr;"r&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'an</grk> priv. + <grk>'o`plon</grk>
weapon, sting + <grk>o'yra`</grk> tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group
of insects which includes the lice.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||A*nop"si*a</hw> (&adot;*n&obreve;p"s&ibreve;*&adot;),
<hw>An"op`sy</hw> (&abreve;n"&obreve;p`s&ybreve;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>'an</grk> priv. + <grk>'o`psis</grk> sight.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Want or defect of sight; blindness.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||An`o*rex"i*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>An"o*rex`y</hw> (&?;) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?; desire, appetite,
&?; desire.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Want of appetite, without a loathing of
food.</def>  <i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*nor"mal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>anormal</i>. See
<u>Abnormal</u>, <u>Normal</u>.] <def>Not according to rule;
abnormal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*norn</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>a&ouml;rner</i>,
<i>a&ouml;urner</i>, fr. L. <i>adornare</i> to adorn. The form <i>a-
ourne</i> was corrupted into <i>anourne</i>.] <def>To adorn.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Watson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*nor"thic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Anorthite</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Having unequal oblique axes; as, <i>anorthic</i>
crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nor"thite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + &?; straight (&?; sc. &?; right angle); not in a right angle.]
<def>A mineral of the feldspar family, commonly occurring in small glassy
crystals, also a constituent of some igneous rocks. It is a lime feldspar.
See <u>Feldspar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nor"tho*scope</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'an</grk>
priv. + &?; straight + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An optical toy
for producing amusing figures or pictures by means of two revolving disks,
on one of which distorted figures are painted.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*nos"mi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'an</grk> priv. + &?; smell.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Loss of the sense of
smell.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*oth"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>pron. &amp; a.</i></pos> [<i>An</i> a, one
+ <i>other</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One more, in addition to a former
number; a second or additional one, similar in likeness or in
effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Another</i> yet! -- a seventh! I 'll see no more.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Would serve to scale <i>another</i> Hero's tower.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not the same; different.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He winks, and turns his lips <i>another</i> way.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any or some; any different person, indefinitely;
any one else; some one else.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let <i>another</i> man praise thee, and not thine own
mouth.<BR>
<i>Prov. xxvii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>While I am coming, <i>another</i> steppeth down before
me.<BR>
<i>John v. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; As a pronoun <i>another</i> may have a possessive
<i>another's</i>, pl. <i>others</i>, poss. pl. <i>other'</i>. It is much
used in opposition to <i>one</i>; as, one went one way, <i>another
another</i>. It is also used with <i>one</i>, in a reciprocal sense; as,
"love <i>one another</i>," that is, let each love the other or others.
"These two imparadised in <i>one another's</i> arms."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*oth"er-gaines`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>another-gates</i>.] <def>Of another kind.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*oth"er-gates`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Another</i> +
<i>gate</i>, or <i>gait</i>, way. Cf. <u>Algates</u>.] <def>Of another
sort.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Another-gates</i> adventure."  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*oth"er-guess</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>another-gates</i>.] <def>Of another sort.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>It used to go in <i>another-guess</i> manner.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*not"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Annotto</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ou"ra</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Anura</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ou"rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Anurous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"sa</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ans&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L., a handle.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A
name given to either of the projecting ends of Saturn's ring.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"sa*ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ansatus</i>, fr.
<i>ansa</i> a handle.] <def>Having a handle.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ser*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Having the extremities terminate in the heads of eagles, lions, etc.;
as, an <i>anserated</i> cross.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"se*res</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., geese.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an order of aquatic birds swimming by
means of webbed feet, as the duck, or of lobed feet, as the grebe. In this
order were included the geese, ducks, auks, divers, gulls, petrels,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`se*ri*for"mes</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of birds including the geese, ducks,
and closely allied forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ser*ine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anserinus</i>,
fr. <i>anser</i> a goose.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, a goose, or the skin of a goose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
Anseres.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ser*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anser</i> a
goose.] <def>Resembling a goose; silly; simple.</def>  <i>Sydney
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"swer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Answered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Answering</u>.] [OE. <i>andswerien</i>, AS. <i>andswerian</i>,
<i>andswarian</i>, to answer, fr. <i>andswaru</i>, n., answer. See
<u>Answer</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To speak in
defense against; to reply to in defense; as, to <i>answer</i> a charge; to
<i>answer</i> an accusation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To speak or write in return to, as in return to
a call or question, or to a speech, declaration, argument, or the like; to
reply to (a question, remark, etc.); to respond to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>answers</i> him as if she knew his mind.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake the apostate angel, though in pain: . . . <BR>
And him thus <i>answered</i> soon his bold compeer.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To respond to satisfactorily; to meet
successfully by way of explanation, argument, or justification, and the
like; to refute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man was able to <i>answer</i> him a word.<BR>
<i>Matt. xxii. 46.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>These shifts refuted, <i>answer</i> thine appellant.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The reasoning was not and could not be <i>answered</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be or act in return or response to.</def>
Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To be or act in compliance with, in
fulfillment or satisfaction of, as an order, obligation, demand; as, he
<i>answered</i> my claim upon him; the servant <i>answered</i> the
bell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This proud king . . . studies day and night<BR>
To <i>answer</i> all the debts he owes unto you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To render account to or for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will . . . send him to <i>answer</i> thee.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To atone; to be punished for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And grievously hath C&aelig;zar <i>answered</i> it.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To be opposite to; to face.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The windows <i>answering</i> each other, we could just
discern the glowing horizon them.<BR>
<i>Gilpin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To be or act an equivalent to, or as adequate
or sufficient for; to serve for; to repay.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Money <i>answereth</i> all things.<BR>
<i>Eccles. x. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To be or act in accommodation, conformity,
relation, or proportion to; to correspond to; to suit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Weapons must needs be dangerous things, if they
<i>answered</i> the bulk of so prodigious a person.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"swer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
speak or write by way of return (originally, to a charge), or in reply; to
make response.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was no voice, nor any that <i>answered</i>.<BR>
<i>1 Kings xviii. 26.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a satisfactory response or return.</def>
Hence: <def>To render account, or to be responsible; to be accountable; to
make amends; as, the man must <i>answer</i> to his employer for the money
intrusted to his care.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let his neck <i>answer</i> for it, if there is any martial
law.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be or act in return.</def> Hence:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To be or act by way of compliance, fulfillment,
reciprocation, or satisfaction; to serve the purpose; as, gypsum
<i>answers</i> as a manure on some soils.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do the strings <i>answer</i> to thy noble hand?<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To be opposite, or to act in opposition.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To be or act as an equivalent, or as adequate or
sufficient; as, a very few will <i>answer</i>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>To be or act in conformity, or by way of accommodation,
correspondence, relation, or proportion; to conform; to correspond; to
suit; -- usually with <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That the time may have all shadow and silence in it, and the
place <i>answer</i> to convenience.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If this but <i>answer</i> to my just belief,<BR>
I 'll remember you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As in water face <i>answereth</i> to face, so the heart of
man to man.<BR>
<i>Pro&?;. xxvii. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"swer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>andsware</i>, AS.
<i>andswaru</i>; <i>and</i> against + <i>swerian</i> to swear. &?;, &?;.
See <u>Anti-</u>, and <u>Swear</u>, and cf. 1st <u>un-</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A reply to a change; a defense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At my first <i>answer</i> no man stood with me.<BR>
<i>2 Tim. iv. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something said or written in reply to a
question, a call, an argument, an address, or the like; a reply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A soft <i>answer</i> turneth away wrath.<BR>
<i>Prov. xv. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I called him, but he gave me no <i>answer</i>.<BR>
<i>Cant. v. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something done in return for, or in consequence
of, something else; a responsive action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great the slaughter is<BR>
Here made by the Roman; great the <i>answer</i> be<BR>
Britons must take.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A solution, the result of a mathematical
operation; as, the <i>answer</i> to a problem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A counter-statement of facts in a
course of pleadings; a confutation of what the other party has alleged; a
responsive declaration by a witness in reply to a question. In
<i>Equity</i>, it is the usual form of defense to the complainant's charges
in his bill.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reply; rejoinder; response. See <u>Reply</u>.</p>

<p><hw>An"swer*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Obliged to answer; liable to be called to account; liable to pay,
indemnify, or make good; accountable; amenable; responsible; as, an agent
is <i>answerable</i> to his principal; to be <i>answerable</i> for a debt,
or for damages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will any man argue that . . . he can not be justly punished,
but is <i>answerable</i> only to God?<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being answered or refuted; admitting
a satisfactory answer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The argument, though subtle, is yet <i>answerable</i>.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Correspondent; conformable; hence,
comparable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What wit and policy of man is <i>answerable</i> to their
discreet and orderly course?<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This revelation . . . was <i>answerable</i> to that of the
apostle to the Thessalonians.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Proportionate; commensurate; suitable; as, an
achievement <i>answerable</i> to the preparation for it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Equal; equivalent; adequate.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Had the valor of his soldiers been <i>answerable</i>, he had
reached that year, as was thought, the utmost bounds of Britain.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"swer*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being answerable, liable, responsible, or correspondent.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"swer*a*bly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
answerable manner; in due proportion or correspondence; suitably.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"swer*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
answers.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"swer*less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no answer,
or impossible to be answered.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>An 't</hw> (&?;). <def><i>An it</i>, that is, <i>and it</i> or <i>if
it</i>. See <u>An</u>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An't</hw> (&?;). <def>A contraction for <i>are</i> and <i>am
not</i>; also used for <i>is not</i>; -- now usually written
<i>ain't</i>.</def> [Colloq. &amp; illiterate speech.]</p>

<p><hw>Ant-</hw>. <def>See <u>Anti-</u>,
<pos><i>prefix.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>-ant</hw>. [F. <i>-ant</i>, fr. L. <i>-antem</i> or <i>-entem</i>,
the pr. p. ending; also sometimes directly from L. <i>-antem</i>.] <def>A
suffix sometimes marking the agent for action; as, merch<i>ant</i>,
coven<i>ant</i>, serv<i>ant</i>, pleas<i>ant</i>, etc. Cf. <u>-
ent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ante</i>, <i>amete</i>,
<i>emete</i>, AS. <i>&aelig;mete</i> akin to G. <i>ameise</i>. Cf.
<u>Emmet</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hymenopterous insect of the
Linn&aelig;an genus <i>Formica</i>, which is now made a family of several
genera; an emmet; a pismire.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among ants, as among bees, there are neuter or working ants,
besides the males and females; the former are without wings. Ants live
together in swarms, usually raising hillocks of earth, variously chambered
within, where they maintain a perfect system of order, store their
provisions, and nurture their young. There are many species, with diverse
habits, as <i>agricultural ants</i>, <i>carpenter ants</i>, <i>honey
ants</i>, <i>foraging ants</i>, <i>amazon ants</i>, etc. The <i>white
ants</i> or Termites belong to the Neuroptera.</p>

<p><col><b>Ant bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of a very
extensive group of South American birds (<i>Formicariid&aelig;</i>), which
live on ants. The family includes many species, some of which are called
<i>ant shrikes</i>, <i>ant thrushes</i>, and <i>ant wrens</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ant rice</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of grass
(<i>Aristida oligantha</i>) cultivated by the agricultural ants of Texas
for the sake of its seed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||An"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ant&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A species of
pier produced by thickening a wall at its termination, treated
architecturally as a pilaster, with capital and base.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Porches, when columns stand between two <i>ant&aelig;</i>, are
called in Latin <i>in antis</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ant*ac"id</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pref.</i> <i>anti-
</i> + <i>acid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A remedy for acidity of the
stomach, as an alkali or absorbent.</def>  -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Counteractive of acidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant*ac"rid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> +
<i>acrid</i>.] <def>Corrective of acrimony of the humors.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*t&aelig;"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Pertaining to Ant&aelig;us, a giant athlete slain by
Hercules.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tag"o*nism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
struggle against; &?; against + &?; to contend or struggle, &?; contest:
cf. F. <i>antagonisme</i>. See <u>Agony</u>.] <def>Opposition of action;
counteraction or contrariety of things or principles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; We speak of <i>antagonism between</i> two things, <i>to</i> or
<i>against</i> a thing, and sometimes <i>with</i> a thing.</p>

<p><hw>An*tag"o*nist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>antagonista</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; against + &?; combatant, champion, fr.
&?;: cf. F. <i>antagoniste</i>. See <u>Antagonism</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who contends with another, especially in combat; an adversary; an
opponent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Antagonist</i> of Heaven's Almigthy King.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>antagonists</i> in these controversies.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which acts in opposition
to another; as a <i>flexor</i>, which bends a part, is the
<i>antagonist</i> of an <i>extensor</i>, which extends it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine which opposes the
action of another medicine or of a poison when absorbed into the blood or
tissues.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Adversary; enemy; opponent; toe; competitor. See
<u>Adversary</u>.</p>

<p><hw>An*tag"o*nist</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Antagonistic;
opposing; counteracting; as, <i>antagonist</i> schools of
philosophy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An*tag`o*nis"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An*tag`o*nis"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Opposing in combat, combating; contending or
acting against; as, <i>antagonistic</i> forces.</def>  --
<wf>An*tag`o*nis"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>They were distinct, adverse, even <i>antagonistic</i>.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An*tag"o*nize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Antagonized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Antagonozing</u>.] [Gr. &?;. See <u>Antagonism</u>.] <def>To contend
with; to oppose actively; to counteract.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tag"o*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act in
opposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tag"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; + &?;
contest: cf. F. (16th century) <i>antagonie</i>. See <u>Antagonism</u>.]
<def>Contest; opposition; antagonism.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Antagony</i> that is between Christ and Belial.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An*tal"gic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> +
Gr. &?; pain: cf. F. <i>antalgique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Alleviating
pain.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine to alleviate pain; an
anodyne.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ant*al"ka*li</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Ant*al"ka*line</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> + <i>alkali</i>.] <def>Anything
that neutralizes, or that counteracts an alkaline tendency in the
system.</def>  <i>Hooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ant*al"ka*line</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of power to
counteract alkalies.</def></p>

<p><! p. 62  !></p>

<p><hw>Ant*am`bu*la"cral</hw>
(&abreve;nt*&abreve;m`b&usl;*l&amacr;"kr<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Away from the ambulacral region.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ant`an*a*cla"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; +
&?; a bending back and breaking. See <u>Anaclastic</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A figure which consists in repeating the same word
in a different sense; as, Learn some <i>craft</i> when young, that when old
you may live without <i>craft</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
repetition of words beginning a sentence, after a long parenthesis; as,
Shall that heart (which not only feels them, but which has all motions of
life placed in them), <i>shall that heart</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ant`an*a*go"ge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-
</i> + <i>anagoge</i>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure which consists in
answering the charge of an adversary, by a counter charge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant`aph*ro*dis"i*ac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-
</i> + <i>aphrodisiac</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Capable of blunting the
venereal appetite.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything that quells
the venereal appetite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant`aph*ro*dit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-
</i> + Gr. &?; Aphrodite: cf. F. <i>antaphroditique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Antaphrodisiac.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Antisyphilitic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ant`aph*ro*dit"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An antaphroditic
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant`ap*o*plec"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-
</i> + <i>apoplectic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Good against apoplexy.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine used against apoplexy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant*ar"chism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> +
Gr. &?; government.] <def>Opposition to government in general.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ant*ar"chist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who opposes
all government.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ant`ar*chis"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ant`ar*chis"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Opposed to all human government.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ant*arc"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>antartik</i>,
OF. <i>antartique</i>, F. <i>antarctique</i>, L. <i>antarcticus</i>, fr.
Gr. &?;; &?; + &?; bear. See <u>Arctic</u>.] <def>Opposite to the northern
or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or to the region near it, and
applied especially to a circle, distant from the pole 23&deg; 28&min;. Thus
we say the <i>antarctic</i> pole, circle, ocean, region, current,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*ta"res</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; similar
to + &?; Mars. It was thought to resemble Mars in color.] <def>The
principal star in Scorpio: -- called also the <i>Scorpion's
Heart</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant`ar*thrit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i>
+ <i>arthritic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Counteracting or alleviating
gout.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy against gout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant`asth*mat"ic</hw> (? or ?; see <u>Asthma</u>; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> + <i>asthmatic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Opposing, or fitted to relieve, asthma.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A remedy for asthma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant"-bear`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An edentate animal of tropical America (the <i>Tamanoir</i>), living
on ants. It belongs to the genus <i>Myrmecophaga</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant" bird</hw> (&?;), <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Ant bird</i>,
under <u>Ant</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ant"-cat`tle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>pl.</i>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Various kinds of plant lice or aphids tended by
ants for the sake of the honeydew which they secrete. See
<u>Aphips</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"te-</hw> (&abreve;n"t&esl;-). <def>A Latin preposition and
prefix; akin to Gr. <grk>'anti`</grk>, Skr. <i>anti</i>, Goth. <i>and-</i>,
<i>anda-</i> (only in comp.), AS. <i>and-</i>, <i>ond-</i>, (only in comp.:
cf. <u>Answer</u>, <u>Along</u>), G. <i>ant-</i>, <i>ent-</i> (in comp.).
The Latin <i>ante</i> is generally used in the sense of <i>before</i>, in
regard to position, order, or time, and the Gr. <grk>'anti`</grk> in that
of <i>opposite</i>, or <i>in the place of</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"te</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Poker Playing)</i> <def>Each
player's stake, which is put into the pool before (<i>ante</i>) the game
begins.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"te</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To put up (an
ante).</def></p>

<p><hw>An"te*act`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A preceding
act.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"te*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>antea</i>,
<i>ante</i>, before. Cf. <u>Ancient</u>.] <def>Being before, or in
front.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ant"-eat`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several species of edentates and monotremes that feed upon
ants. See <u>Ant-bear</u>, <u>Pangolin</u>, <u>Aard-vark</u>, and
<u>Echidna</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*ce*da"ne*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Antecede</u>.] <def>Antecedent; preceding in time.</def> "Capable of
<i>antecedaneous</i> proof."  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`te*cede"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>antecedere</i>; <i>ante + cedere</i> to go. See <u>Cede</u>.] <def>To go
before in time or place; to precede; to surpass.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`te*ced"ence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or state of going before in time; precedence.</def>  <i>H.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An apparent motion of a planet
toward the west; retrogradation.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*ced"en*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
condition of being antecedent; priority.</def>  <i>Fothherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`te*ced"ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>antecedens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>antecedere</i>: cf. F.
<i>ant&eacute;c&eacute;dent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Going before in
time; prior; anterior; preceding; as, an event <i>antecedent</i> to the
Deluge; an <i>antecedent</i> cause.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Presumptive; as, an <i>antecedent</i>
improbability.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prior; previous; foregoing.</p>

<p><hw>An`te*ced"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ant&eacute;c&eacute;dent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which goes
before in time; that which precedes.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Homeric mythology, as well as the Homeric language, has
surely its <i>antecedents</i>.<BR>
<i>Max Miller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who precedes or goes in front.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>antecedent</i>, or my gentleman usher.<BR>
<i>Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The earlier events of one's life;
previous principles, conduct, course, history.</def>  <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If the troops . . . prove worthy of their
<i>antecedents</i>, the victory is surely ours.<BR>
<i>Gen. G. McClellan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The noun to which a relative
refers; as, in the sentence "Solomon was the prince who built the temple,"
<i>prince</i> is the <i>antecedent</i> of <i>who</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The first or
conditional part of a hypothetical proposition; as, If the earth is fixed,
the sun must move.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The first of the two
propositions which constitute an enthymeme or contracted syllogism; as,
Every man is mortal; therefore the king must die.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The first of the two terms of a
ratio; the first or third of the four terms of a proportion. In the ratio
<i>a</i>:<i>b</i>, <i>a</i> is the <i>antecedent</i>, and <i>b</i> the
consequent.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*ced"ent*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Previously;
before in time; at a time preceding; as, <i>antecedently</i> to
conversion.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`te*ces"sor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>antecedere</i>, <i>antecessum</i>. See <u>Antecede</u>,
<u>Ancestor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who goes before; a
predecessor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The successor seldom prosecuting his <i>antecessor's</i>
devices.<BR>
<i>Sir E. Sandys.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ancestor; a progenitor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An"te*cham`ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>antichambre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chamber or apartment before
the chief apartment and leading into it, in which persons wait for
audience; an outer chamber. See <u>Lobby</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A space viewed as the outer chamber or the
entrance to an interior part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mouth, the <i>antechamber</i> to the digestive
canal.<BR>
<i>Todd &amp; Bowman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"te*chap`el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The outer part
of the west end of a collegiate or other chapel.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*te"cians</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ant&oelig;cians</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*com*mun"ion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name given
to that part of the Anglican liturgy for the communion, which precedes the
consecration of the elements.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*cur"sor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>antecurrere</i> to run before; <i>ante + currere</i> to run.] <def>A
forerunner; a precursor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An"te*date`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Prior date; a date antecedent to another which is the actual
date.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anticipation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"te*date`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Antedated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Antedating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To date before the true time;
to assign to an earlier date; thus, to <i>antedate</i> a deed or a bond is
to give it a date anterior to the true time of its execution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To precede in time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To anticipate; to make before the true
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And antedate the bliss above.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Who rather rose the day to <i>antedate</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An`te*di*lu"vi*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ante-
</i> + <i>diluvial</i>.] <def>Before the flood, or Deluge, in Noah's
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*di*lu"vi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
relating to the period before the Deluge in Noah's time; hence, antiquated;
as, an <i>antediluvian</i> vehicle.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who lived before the Deluge.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"te*fact`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something done
before another act.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An"te*fix`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Antefixes</b></plw> (&?;); L. <plw><b>Antefixa</b></plw> (&?;). [L.
<i>ante</i> + <i>fixus</i> fixed.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An ornament fixed upon a frieze.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
ornament at the eaves, concealing the ends of the joint tiles of the
roof.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An ornament of the cymatium of a
classic cornice, sometimes pierced for the escape of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*flex"ion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
displacement forward of an organ, esp. the uterus, in such manner that its
axis is bent upon itself.</def>  <i>T. G. Thomas.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ant" egg`</hw> (&?;). <def>One of the small white egg-shaped
pup&aelig; or cocoons of the ant, often seen in or about ant-hills, and
popularly supposed to be eggs.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"te*lope</hw> (&abreve;n"t&esl;*l&omacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>antelop</i>, F. <i>antilope</i>, from Gr. <grk>'anqo`lops</grk>,
<grk>-lopos</grk>, Eustathius, "Hexa&euml;m.," p. 36, the origin of which
is unknown.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a group of ruminant
quadrupeds, intermediate between the deer and the goat. The horns are
usually annulated, or ringed. There are many species in Africa and
Asia.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>antelope</i> and wolf both fierce and fell.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The common or bezoar antelope of India is <i>Antilope
bezoartica</i>. The chamois of the Alps, the gazelle, the addax, and the
eland are other species. See <u>Gazelle</u>. The pronghorn antelope
(<i>Antilocapra Americana</i>) is found in the Rocky Mountains. See
<u>Pronghorn</u>.</p>

<p><hw>An`te*lu"can</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>antelucanus</i>; <i>ante + lux</i> light.] <def>Held or being before
light; -- a word applied to assemblies of Christians, in ancient times of
persecution, held before light in the morning.</def> "<i>Antelucan</i>
worship."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`te*me*rid"i*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>antemeridianus</i>; <i>ante + meridianus</i> belonging to midday or
noon. See <u>Meridian</u>.] <def>Being before noon; in or pertaining to the
forenoon. (Abbrev. <u>a. m.</u>)</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant`e*met"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> +
<i>emetic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Tending to check vomiting.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy to check or allay vomiting.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*mo*sa"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being before
the time of Moses.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*mun"dane</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being or
occurring before the creation of the world.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`te*mu"ral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>antemurale</i>:
<i>ante</i> + <i>murus</i> wall. See <u>Mural</u>.] <def>An outwork of a
strong, high wall, with turrets, in front of the gateway (as of an old
castle), for defending the entrance.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*na"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Before
birth.</def>  <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`te*ni"cene</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Of or in
the Christian church or era, anterior to the first council of Nice, held
<u>a. d.</u> 325; as, <i>antenicene</i> faith.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ten"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Antenn&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>antenna</i> sail-yard; NL., a
feeler, horn of an insect.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A movable, articulated
organ of sensation, attached to the heads of insects and Crustacea. There
are two in the former, and usually four in the latter. They are used as
organs of touch, and in some species of Crustacea the cavity of the ear is
situated near the basal joint. In insects, they are popularly called
<i>horns</i>, and also <i>feelers</i>. The term in also applied to similar
organs on the heads of other arthropods and of annelids.</def></p>



<p><hw>An*ten"nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Belonging to the antenn&aelig;.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ten*nif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Antenna</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bearing or having
antenn&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ten"ni*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Antenna</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like antenn&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ten"nule</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>antenna</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small antenna; -- applied to
the smaller pair of antenn&aelig; or feelers of Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*num"ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A number that
precedes another.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`te*nup"tial</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Preceding
marriage; as, an <i>antenuptial</i> agreement.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`te*or"bit*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Antorbital</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*pas"chal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the time before the Passover, or before Easter.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"te*past</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ante-</i> + L.
<i>pastus</i> pasture, food. Cf. <u>Repast</u>.] <def>A
foretaste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Antepasts</i> of joy and comforts.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||An`te*pen"di*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L.
<i>ante + pendere</i> to hang.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The hangings or screen
in front of the altar; an altar cloth; the frontal.</def>
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`te*pe"nult</hw> (&?;), <hw>||An`te*pe*nult"i*ma</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>antepaenultima</i> (sc. <i>syllaba</i>)
antepenultimate; <i>ante</i> before + <i>paenultimus</i> the last but one;
<i>paene</i> almost + <i>ultimus</i> last.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>The last
syllable of a word except two, as <i>-syl-</i> in
<i>monosyllable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*pe*nult"i*mate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the last syllable but two.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The antepenult.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant`eph*i*al"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-
</i> + Gr. &?; nightmare.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Good against nightmare.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy nightmare.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ant`ep*i*lep"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-
</i> + <i>epileptic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Good against epilepsy.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine for epilepsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"te*pone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anteponere</i>.] <def>To put before; to prefer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"te*port</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>anteporta</i>.] <def>An outer port, gate, or door.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*por"ti*co</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An outer porch
or vestibule.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*po*si"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>antepositio</i>. See <u>Position</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The placing
of a before another, which, by ordinary rules, ought to follow
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*pran"di*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Preceding
dinner.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*pre*dic"a*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>A prerequisite to a clear understanding of the predicaments and
categories, such as definitions of common terms.</def>
<i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*te"ri*or</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anterior</i>,
comp. of <i>ante</i> before.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Before in time;
antecedent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Antigonus, who was <i>anterior</i> to Polybius.<BR>
<i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Before, or toward the front, in place; as, the
<i>anterior</i> part of the mouth; -- opposed to
<i>posterior</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In comparative anatomy, <i>anterior</i> often signifies at or
toward the head, cephalic; and in human anatomy it is often used for
<i>ventral</i>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Antecedent; previous; precedent; preceding; former;
foregoing.</p>

<p><hw>An*te`ri*or"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>anterioritas</i>.] <def>The state of being anterior or preceding in time
or in situation; priority.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*te"ri*or*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
anterior manner; before.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"te*ro-</hw> (&?;). <def>A combining form meaning <i>anterior</i>,
<i>front</i>; <i>as</i>, <i>antero</i>-posterior, front and back;
<i>antero</i>-lateral, front side, anterior and at the side.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"te*room</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room before, or
forming an entrance to, another; a waiting room.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"tes</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Ant&aelig;. See
<u>Anta</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*stat"ure</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fort.)</i>
<def>A small intrenchment or work of palisades, or of sacks of
earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"te*stom`ach</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cavity which
leads into the stomach, as in birds.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"te*tem`ple</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The portico, or
narthex in an ancient temple or church.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*ver"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ante-</i>
+ L. <i>vertere</i>, <i>versum</i>, to turn.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
displacement of an organ, esp. of the uterus, in such manner that its whole
axis is directed further forward than usual.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`te*vert"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>antevertere</i>; <i>ante</i> + <i>vertere</i> to turn.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prevent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To displace by
anteversion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant*hel"ion</hw> (?; 277, 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Anthelia</b></plw> (&?;). [Pref. <i>anti</i> + Gr. &?; sun.]
<i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A halo opposite the sun, consisting of a colored ring
or rings around the shadow of the spectator's own head, as projected on a
cloud or on an opposite fog bank.</def></p>

<p><! p. 63  !></p>

<p><hw>Ant"he*lix</hw> (&abreve;nt"h&esl;*l&ibreve;ks),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Antihelix</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thel*min"tic</hw> (&abreve;n`th&ebreve;l*m&ibreve;n"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> + Gr. <grk>"e`lmins</grk>, <grk>-
inqos</grk>, worm, esp. a tapeworm, or mawworm..] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Good
against intestinal worms.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
anthelmintic remedy.</def> [Written also <i>anthelminthic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>An"them</hw> (&abreve;n"th&ebreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>antym</i>, <i>antefne</i>, AS. <i>antefen</i>, fr. LL. <i>antiphona</i>,
fr. Gr. <grk>'anti`fwna</grk>, neut. pl. of <grk>'anti`fwnon</grk>
antiphon, or anthem, n. neut., from <grk>'anti`fwnos</grk> sounding
contrary, returning a sound; <grk>'anti`</grk> over against +
<grk>fwnh`</grk> sound, voice: the anthem being sung by the choristers
alternately, one half-choir answering the other: cf. OF. <i>anthaine</i>,
<i>anteine</i>, <i>antieune</i>, F. <i>antienne</i>. See <u>Antiphon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, a hymn sung in alternate parts, in
present usage, a selection from the Psalms, or other parts of the
Scriptures or the liturgy, set to sacred music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A song or hymn of praise.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"them</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To celebrate with
anthems.</def> [Poet.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet birds <i>antheming</i> the morn.<BR>
<i>Keats.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>|| <hw>An*the"mi*on</hw> (&?;), [ fr. Gr. <grk>'anqemi`s</grk> flower.]
<def>A floral ornament. See <u>Palmette</u></def>.</p>

<p><hw>||An"the*mis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'anqemi`s</grk>, equiv. to <grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower; an herb like our
chamomile.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Chamomile; a genus of composite, herbaceous
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"them*wise`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Alternately.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ther</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>anth&egrave;re</i>,
L. <i>anthera</i> a medicine composed of flowers, fr. Gr. &?; flowery, fr.
<grk>'anqei^n</grk> to bloom, <grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>That part of the stamen containing the pollen, or fertilizing dust,
which, when mature, is emitted for the impregnation of the ovary.</def>  --
<wf>An"ther*al</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||An`ther*id"i*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Antheridia</b></plw> (&?;). [<i>Anther</i> + &?; (a Gr. diminutive
ending).] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The male reproductive apparatus in the lower
plants, consisting of a cell or other cavity in which spermatozoids are
produced; -- called also <i>spermary</i>.</def>  --
<wf>An`ther*id"i*al</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An`ther*if"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Anther</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Producing anthers,
as plants.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Supporting anthers, as a part of
a flower.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*ther"i*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Anther</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like an anther; anther-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ther*og"e*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Anther</i> +
<i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Transformed from anthers, as the petals
of a double flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ther*oid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Anther</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Resembling an anther.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`ther*o*zoid</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`ther*o*zoo"id</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; flowery + &?; animal + <i>-oid</i>. See
<u>Zooid</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the mobile male reproductive
bodies in the antheridia of cryptogams.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*the"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bloom, fr.
<grk>'anqei^n</grk> to bloom, <grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The period or state of full expansion in a flower.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ant"-hill</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A mound thrown up by ants or by termites in forming their
nests.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tho"bi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower +  <grk>bi`os</grk> life.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A beetle which feeds on flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`tho*bran"chi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower + &?; gills, n. pl.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of nudibranchiate Mollusca, in which the gills form a
wreath or cluster upon the posterior part of the back. See
<u>Nudibranchiata</u>, and <u>Doris</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`tho*car"pous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower + <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having some portion of the floral envelopes attached to the pericarp
to form the fruit, as in the checkerberry, the mulberry, and the
pineapple.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`tho*cy"a*nin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Anthokyan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*tho"di*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
like flowers, flowery; <grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower + &?; form.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The inflorescence of a compound flower in which many florets are
gathered into a involucrate head.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*thog"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"thoid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a`nqos</grk>
flower + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling a flower; flowerlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`tho*ky"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower + <grk>ky`anos</grk> blue.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The blue coloring matter of certain flowers. Same as
<u>Cyanin</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>An"tho*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a`nqos</grk>
flower + <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil plant, like a
petrified flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`tho*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
anthology; consisting of beautiful extracts from different authors,
especially the poets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He published a geographical and <i>anthological</i>
description of all empires and kingdoms . . . in this terrestrial
globe.<BR>
<i>Wood.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An*thol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
compiles an anthology.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*thol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr.
<grk>'anqolo`gos</grk> flower gathering; <grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower +
<grk>le`gein</grk> to gather.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A discourse on
flowers.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of flowers; a garland.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A collection of flowers of literature, that is,
beautiful passages from authors; a collection of poems or epigrams; --
particularly applied to a collection of ancient Greek epigrams.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Ch.)</i> <def>A service book containing a
selection of pieces for the festival services.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`tho*ma"ni*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower + <grk>mani`a</grk> madness.] <def>A extravagant
fondness for flowers.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An"tho*ny's Fire`</hw> (&?;). <def>See <i>Saint Anthony's Fire</i>,
under <u>Saint</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*thoph"a*gous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower + <grk>fagei^n</grk> to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Eating flowers; -- said of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"tho*phore</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bearing
flowers; <grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower + &?; bearing, &?; to bear.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The stipe when developed into an internode between calyx
and corolla, as in the Pink family.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*thoph"o*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Flower
bearing; supporting the flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*thoph"yl*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>anthophyllum</i> clove.] <def>A mineral of the hornblende group, of a
yellowish gray or clove brown color.</def>  -- <wf>An`tho*phyl*lit"ic</wf>
(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An"tho*rism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; + &?; to
bound, define.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A description or definition contrary to
that which is given by the adverse party.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An"tho*tax`y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower +  &?; order.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The arrangement
of flowers in a cluster; the science of the relative position of flowers;
inflorescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`tho*zo"a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower + &?; animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The class
of the C&oelig;lenterata which includes the corals and sea anemones. The
three principal groups or orders are <i>Acyonaria</i>, <i>Actinaria</i>,
and <i>Madreporaria</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`tho*zo"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the Anthozoa.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of
the Anthozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"tho*zo"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Anthozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"thra*cene</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; coal.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A solid hydrocarbon,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>.
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>, which accompanies naphthalene in the last stages of the distillation
of coal tar. Its chief use is in the artificial production of
alizarin.</def> [Written also <i>anthracin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>An*thrac"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to
anthrax; as, <i>anthracic</i> blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thra*cif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; coal +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Yielding anthracite; as,
<i>anthraciferous</i> strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"thra*cite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>anthracites</i>
a kind of bloodstone; fr. Gr. &?; like coals, fr. &?;, &?;, coal or
charcoal. Cf. <u>Anthrax</u>.] <def>A hard, compact variety of mineral
coal, of high luster, differing from bituminous coal in containing little
or no bitumen, in consequence of which it burns with a nearly non luminous
flame. The purer specimens consist almost wholly of carbon. Also called
<i>glance coal</i> and <i>blind coal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"thra*cit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or like, anthracite; as, <i>anthracitic</i> formations.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"thra*coid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Anthrax</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Resembling anthrax in action; of the nature
of anthrax; as, an <i>anthracoid</i> microbe.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"thra*co*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
coal + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by inspecting a burning
coal.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thra*com"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; coal,
carbon + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the amount of
carbonic acid in a mixture.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thra*co*met"ric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an anthracometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*thrac"o*nite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Anthracite</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A coal-black marble, usually
emitting a fetid smell when rubbed; -- called also <i>stinkstone</i> and
<i>swinestone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thra*qui"none</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Anthra</i>cene
+ <i>quinone</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>.
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>, subliming in shining yellow needles. It is obtained by oxidation of
anthracene.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"thrax</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; coal,
carbuncle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
carbuncle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A malignant pustule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A microscopic, bacterial organism
(<i>Bacillus anthracis</i>), resembling transparent rods. [See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Bacillus</u>.]</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An infectious disease of cattle and sheep. It is
ascribed to the presence of a rod-shaped bacterium (<i>Bacillus
anthracis</i>), the spores of which constitute the contagious matter. It
may be transmitted to man by inoculation. The spleen becomes greatly
enlarged and filled with bacteria. Called also <i>splenic
fever</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*thre"nus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
hornet.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small beetles, several of
which, in the larval state, are very destructive to woolen goods, fur, etc.
The common "museum pest" is <i>A. varius</i>; the carpet beetle is <i>A.
scrophulari&aelig;</i>. The larv&aelig; are commonly confounded with
moths.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An*throp"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An*throp"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; man.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like
or related to man; human.</def> [R.]  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An*throp"i*d&aelig;</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; man.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The group that includes man
only.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*cen"tric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; man +
&?; center.] <def>Assuming man as the center or ultimate end; -- applied to
theories of the universe or of any part of it, as the solar system.</def>
<i>Draper.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*gen"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to anthropogeny.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*pog"e*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; man + &?;
birth.] <def>The science or study of human generation, or the origin and
development of man.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*throp"o*glot</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; man +
&?;, &?;, tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal which has a tongue
resembling that of man, as the parrot.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*pog"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; man +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>That branch of anthropology which treats of the
actual distribution of the human race in its different divisions, as
distinguished by physical character, language, institutions, and customs,
in contradistinction to <i>ethnography</i>, which treats historically of
the origin and filiation of races and nations.</def>  <i>P. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"thro*poid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; man + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Resembling man; -- applied especially to certain apes, as
the ourang or gorilla.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An anthropoid
ape.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*poid"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Anthropoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`thro*poid"e*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Anthropoid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The suborder of primates which
includes the monkeys, apes, and man.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*pol"a*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; man +
&?; worship.] <def>Man worship.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*throp"o*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; man + <i>-
lite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A petrifaction of the human body, or of
any portion of it.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`thro*po*log"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`thro*po*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to anthropology; belonging to the
nature of man.</def>  "<i>Anthropologic</i> wisdom." <i>Kingsley.</i>  --
<wf>An`thro*po*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*pol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in anthropology.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*pol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; man +
<i>-logy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science of the structure and
functions of the human body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The science of man; -- sometimes used in a
limited sense to mean the study of man as an object of natural history, or
as an animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That manner of expression by which the inspired
writers attribute human parts and passions to God.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"thro*po*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; man +
<i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by the entrails of human being.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`thro*po*met"ric</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`thro*po*met"ric*al</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to anthropometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*pom"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; man +
<i>-mercy</i>.] <def>Measurement of the height and other dimensions of
human beings, especially at different ages, or in different races,
occupations, etc.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An`thro*po*mor"pha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Anthropomorphism</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The manlike, or
anthropoid, apes.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*mor"phic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to anthropomorphism.</def> <i>Hadley.</i>  --
<wf>An`thro*po*mor"phic*al*ly</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*mor"phism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of
human form; &?; man + &?; form.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The representation
of the Deity, or of a polytheistic deity, under a human form, or with human
attributes and affections.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The ascription of human characteristics to
things not human.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*mor"phist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
attributes the human form or other human attributes to the Deity or to
anything not human.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*mor"phite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ascribes a human form or human attributes to the Deity or to a polytheistic
deity. <i>Taylor</i>. Specifically, one of a sect of ancient heretics who
believed that God has a human form, etc. <i>Tillotson</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*mor*phit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>to anthropomorphism.</def>  <i>Kitto.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*mor"phi*tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Anthropomorphism.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*mor"phize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To attribute a human form or personality to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You may see imaginative children every day
<i>anthropomorphizing</i>.<BR>
<i>Lowell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*mor*phol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; +
<i>-logy</i>. See <u>Anthropomorphism</u>.] <def>The application to God of
terms descriptive of human beings.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*mor"pho*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Transformation into the form of a human being.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*mor"phous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the figure of, or resemblance to, a man; as, an <i>anthropomorphous</i>
plant.</def> "<i>Anthropomorphous</i> apes."  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`thro*po*path"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`thro*po*path"ic*al</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to anthropopathy.</def>
[R.] -- <wf>An`thro*po*path"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The daring <i>anthropopathic</i> imagery by which the
prophets often represent God as chiding, upbraiding, threatening.<BR>
<i>H. Rogers.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`thro*pop"a*thism</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`thro*pop"a*thy</hw> (&?;),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; man + &?; suffering, affection,
passion, &?;, &?;, to suffer.] <def>The ascription of human feelings or
passions to God, or to a polytheistic deity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In its recoil from the gross <i>anthropopathy</i> of the
vulgar notions, it falls into the vacuum of absolute apathy.<BR>
<i>Hare.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||An`thro*poph"a*gi</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr.
Gr. &?; eating men; &?; man + + &?; to eat.] <def>Man eaters;
cannibals.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`thro*po*phag"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`thro*po*phag"ic*al</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to cannibalism or
anthropophagy.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*poph`a*gin"i*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who east human flesh.</def> [Ludicrous]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*poph"a*gite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cannibal.</def>  <i>W. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*poph"a*gous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Feeding on
human flesh; cannibal.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*poph"a*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>The eating of human flesh; cannibalism.</def></p>

<p><! p. 64  !></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*poph"u*ism</hw>
(&abreve;n`thr&osl;*p&obreve;f"&usl;*&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>'anqrwpofyh`s</grk> of man's nature; <grk>'a`nqrwpos</grk> a man
+ <grk>fyh`</grk> nature.] <def>Human nature.</def> [R.]
<i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*pos"co*py</hw> (-p&obreve;s"k&osl;*p&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a`nqrwpos</grk> man + <i>-scopy</i>.]
<def>The art of discovering or judging of a man's character, passions. and
inclinations from a study of his visible features.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An`thro*pos"o*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; man +
&?; wisdom, knowledge.] <def>Knowledge of the nature of man; hence, human
wisdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*tom"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to anthropotomy, or the dissection of human
bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*pot"o*mist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in anthropotomy, or human anatomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*pot"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; man + &?;
a cutting.] <def>The anatomy or dissection of the human body;
androtomy.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ant`hyp*not"ic</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Antihypnotic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant`hyp*o*chon"dri*ac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Antihypochondriac</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant`hys*ter"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Antihysteric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti</hw> (&?;). [Gr. &?; against. See <u>Ante</u>.] <def>A prefix
meaning <i>against</i>, <i>opposite</i> or <i>opposed to</i>,
<i>contrary</i>, or <i>in place of</i>; -- used in composition in many
English words. It is often shortened to <i>ant</i>-; as, <i>ant</i>acid,
<i>ant</i>arctic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"ti*&aelig;</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., forelock.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The two projecting feathered angles of the
forehead of some birds; the frontal points.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*al*bu"mid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i>
+ <i>-albumin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A body formed from albumin
by pancreatic and gastric digestion. It is convertible into
antipeptone.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*al"bu*mose`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Albumose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti-A*mer"i*can</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Opposed to
the Americans, their aims, or interests, or to the genius of American
institutions.</def>  <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*aph`ro*dis"i*ac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Antaphrodisiac</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ap`o*plec"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Antapoplectic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*ar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jav. <i>antjar</i>.]
<def>A Virulent poison prepared in Java from the gum resin of one species
of the upas tree (<i>Antiaris toxicaria</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*a*rin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
poisonous principle obtained from antiar.</def>  <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*asth*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Antasthmatic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*at*tri"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything to
prevent the effects of friction, esp. a compound lubricant for machinery,
etc., often consisting of plumbago, with some greasy material; antifriction
grease.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`ti*bac*chi"us</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
+ &?;. See <u>Bacchius</u>.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A foot of three syllables,
the first two long, and the last short (#).</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*bil"lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Counteractive
of bilious complaints; tending to relieve biliousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*brach"i*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the antibrachium, or forearm.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`ti*brach"i*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>That part of the fore limb between the brachium and the
carpus; the forearm.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*bro"mic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> +
Gr. &?; a stink.] <def>An agent that destroys offensive smells; a
deodorizer.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*burgh"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One who seceded from the Burghers (1747), deeming it improper to take
the Burgess oath.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [The same word as
<i>antique</i>; cf. It. <i>antico</i> ancient. See <u>Antique</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Old; antique.</def> [Obs.]  "Lords of <i>antic</i>
fame."  <i>Phaer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Odd; fantastic; fanciful; grotesque;
ludicrous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>antic</i> postures of a merry-
andrew.</blockquote><BR>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Saxons . . . worshiped many idols, barbarous in name,
some monstrous, all <i>antic</i> for shape.</blockquote><BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A buffoon
or merry-andrew; one that practices odd gesticulations; the Fool of the old
play.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An odd imagery, device, or tracery; a fantastic
figure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Woven with <i>antics</i> and wild imagery.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A grotesque trick; a piece of buffoonery; a
caper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And fraught with <i>antics</i> as the Indian bird<BR>
That writhes and chatters in her wiry cage.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A grotesque representation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An antimask.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Performed by knights and ladies of his court<BR>
In nature of an <i>antic</i>.<BR>
<i>Ford.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"tic</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Anticked</u> (&?;), <u>Antickt</u>.] <def>To make appear like a
buffoon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"tic</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform
antics.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ca*tarrh`al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Efficacious against catarrh.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
anticatarrhal remedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*cath"ode</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phys.)</i>
<def>The part of a vacuum tube opposite the cathode. Upon it the cathode
rays impinge.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*cau*sod"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Anticausotic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*cau*sot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-
</i> + Gr. &?; fever, &?; to burn.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Good against an
inflammatory fever.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy for such a
fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*cham`ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Antechamber</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*chlor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> +
<i>chlor</i>ine.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any substance (but especially sodium
hyposulphite) used in removing the excess of chlorine left in paper pulp or
stuffs after bleaching.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*christ</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Antichristus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; against + &?;.] <def>A denier or opponent
of Christ. Specif.: A great antagonist, person or power, expected to
precede Christ's second coming.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*chris"tian</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Opposed to
the Christian religion.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`ti*chris"tian*ism</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`ti*chris*tian"i*ty</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Opposition or contrariety to the
Christian religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*chris"tian*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
antichristian manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*chron"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deviating
from the proper order of time.</def>  -- <wf>An`ti*chron"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An*tich"ro*nism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
against + &?; time.] <def>Deviation from the true order of time;
anachronism.</def> [R.]  <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An*tich"thon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Antichthones</b></plw> (&?;). [Gr. &?;; &?; against + &?; the
earth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hypothetical earth counter to ours, or on
the opposite side of the sun.</def>  <i>Grote.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Inhabitants of opposite
hemispheres.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*tic"i*pant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anticipans</i>, p. pr. of <i>anticipare</i>.] <def>Anticipating;
expectant; -- with <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wakening guilt, <i>anticipant</i> of hell.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An*tic"i*pate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Anticipated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Anticipating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>anticipatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>anticipare</i> to anticipate; <i>ante</i> + <i>capere</i> to make. See
<u>Capable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be before in doing; to do or
take before another; to preclude or prevent by prior action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>anticipate</i> and prevent the duke's purpose.<BR>
<i>R. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He would probably have died by the hand of the executioner,
if indeed the executioner had not been <i>anticipated</i> by the
populace.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take up or introduce beforehand, or before
the proper or normal time; to cause to occur earlier or prematurely; as,
the advocate has <i>anticipated</i> a part of his argument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To foresee (a wish, command, etc.) and do
beforehand that which will be desired.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To foretaste or foresee; to have a previous view
or impression of; as, to <i>anticipate</i> the pleasures of a visit; to
<i>anticipate</i> the evils of life.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To prevent; obviate; preclude; forestall; expect.  -- To
<u>Anticipate</u>, <u>Expect</u>. These words, as here compared, agree in
regarding some future event as about to take place. <i>Expect</i> is the
stringer. It supposes some ground or reason in the mind for considering the
event as likely to happen. <i>Anticipate</i> is, literally, to <i>take
beforehand</i>, and here denotes simply to take into the mind as conception
of the future. Hence, to say, "I did not <i>anticipate</i> a refusal,"
expresses something less definite and strong than to say, " <i>did not
expect</i> it." Still, <i>anticipate</i> is a convenient word to be
interchanged with <i>expect</i> in cases where the thought will allow.</p>

<p><blockquote>Good with bad<BR>
<i>Expect</i> to hear; supernal grace contending<BR>
With sinfulness of men.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I would not <i>anticipate</i> the relish of any happiness,
nor feel the weight of any misery, before it actually arrives.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Timid men were <i>anticipating</i> another civil war.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An*tic`i*pa"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anticipatio</i>: cf. F. <i>anticipation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of anticipating, taking up, placing, or considering something
beforehand, or before the proper time in natural order.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So shall my <i>anticipation</i> prevent your discovery.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Previous view or impression of what is to
happen; instinctive prevision; foretaste; antepast; as, the
<i>anticipation</i> of the joys of heaven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The happy <i>anticipation</i> of renewed existence in
company with the spirits of the just.<BR>
<i>Thodey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hasty notion; intuitive preconception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many men give themselves up to the first
<i>anticipations</i> of their minds.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The commencing of one or more
tones of a chord with or during the chord preceding, forming a momentary
discord.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Preoccupation; preclusion; foretaste; prelibation;
antepast; pregustation; preconception; expectation; foresight;
forethought.</p>

<p><hw>An*tic"i*pa*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Anticipating,
or containing anticipation.</def> "<i>Anticipative</i> of the feast to
come." <i>Cary.</i>  -- <wf>An*tic"i*pa*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An*tic"i*pa`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
anticipates.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tic"i*pa*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forecasting;
of the nature of anticipation.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here is an <i>anticipatory</i> glance of what was to be.<BR>
<i>J. C. Shairp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*civ"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Opposed to
citizenship.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*civ"ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Opposition to
the body politic of citizens.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*clas"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i>
= Gr. &?; to break.] <def>Having to opposite curvatures, that is, curved
longitudinally in one direction and transversely in the opposite direction,
as the surface of a saddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*cli"max</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
sentence in which the ideas fall, or become less important and striking, at
the close; -- the opposite of <i>climax</i>. It produces a ridiculous
effect.</def> Example:</p>

<p><blockquote>Next comes Dalhousie, the great god of war,<BR>
Lieutenant-colonel to the Earl of Mar.</blockquote>
</p>

<p><hw>An`ti*cli"nal</hw> (-kl&imacr;"n<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>anti-</i> + Gr. <grk>kli`nein</grk> to incline.] <def>Inclining
or dipping in opposite directions. See <u>Synclinal</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Anticlinal line</b></col>, <col><b>Anticlinal axis</b></col>
<i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a line from which strata dip in opposite directions, as
from the ridge of a roof.</cd> -- <col><b>Anticlinal vertebra</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the dorsal vertebr&aelig;, which in many animals
has an upright spine toward which the spines of the neighboring
vertebr&aelig; are inclined.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*cli"nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The
crest or line in which strata slope or dip in opposite
directions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`ti*cli*no"ri*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Anticlinoria</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; against +
<grk>kli`nein</grk> to incline + <grk>'o`ros</grk> mountain.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The upward elevation of the crust of the earth,
resulting from a geanticlinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"tic*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Oddly;
grotesquely.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"tic-mask`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
antimask.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"tic*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
antic.</def>  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*con`sti*tu"tion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Opposed to the constitution; unconstitutional.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*con*ta"gious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Opposing or destroying contagion.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*con*vul"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Good against convulsions.</def>  <i>J. Floyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*cor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> + L.
<i>cor</i> heart; cf. F. <i>antic&?;ur</i>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A dangerous
inflammatory swelling of a horse's breast, just opposite the
heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*ti"cous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>anticus</i> in
front, foremost, fr. <i>ante</i> before.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Facing toward
the axis of the flower, as in the introrse anthers of the water
lily.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*cy`clone</hw> (&abreve;n"t&ibreve;*s&imacr;`kl&omacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Meteorol.)</i> <def>A movement of the atmosphere
opposite in character, as regards direction of the wind and distribution of
barometric pressure, to that of a cyclone.</def>  --
<wf>An`ti*cy*clon"ic</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>An`ti*cy*clon"ic*al*ly</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*do`tal</hw> (&abreve;n"t&ibreve;*d&omacr;`t<i>a</i>l)
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the quality an antidote; fitted to
counteract the effects of poison.</def> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i> --
<wf>An"ti*do`tal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*do`ta*ry</hw> (-d&omacr;`t&adot;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Antidotal.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
antidote; also, a book of antidotes.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*dote</hw> (&abreve;n"t&ibreve;*d&omacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>antidotum</i>, Gr. <grk>'anti`doton</grk> (sc.
<grk>fa`rmakon</grk>), fr. <grk>'anti`dotos</grk> given against;
<grk>'anti`</grk> against + <grk>dido`nai</grk> to give: cf. F.
<i>antidote</i>. See <u>Dose</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A remedy to counteract the effects of poison, or of anything noxious
taken into the stomach; -- used with <i>against</i>, <i>for</i>, or
<i>to</i>; as, an <i>antidote</i> against, for, or to, poison.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whatever tends to prevent mischievous effects,
or to counteract evil which something else might produce.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*dote</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
counteract or prevent the effects of, by giving or taking an
antidote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor could Alexander himself . . . <i>antidote</i> . . . the
poisonous draught, when it had once got into his veins.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fortify or preserve by an antidote.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*dot"ic*al</hw>
(&abreve;n`t&ibreve;*d&omacr;t"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Serving as an antidote.</def>  -- <wf>An`ti*dot"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An*tid"ro*mous</hw> (&abreve;n*t&ibreve;d"r&osl;*m&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> + Gr. <grk>dro`mos</grk> a
running.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Changing the direction in the spiral sequence
of leaves on a stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*dys`en*ter"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Good against dysentery.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine
for dysentery.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*e*met"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &?; n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Antemetic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*eph`i*al"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Antephialtic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ep`i*lep"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Antepileptic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*fe"brile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Febrifuge.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*feb"rine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Acetanilide.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti-fed"er*al*ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of
party opposed to a federative government; -- applied particularly to the
party which opposed the adoption of the constitution of the United
States.</def>  <i>Pickering.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*fric"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something to
lessen friction; antiattrition.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Tending
to lessen friction.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ga*las"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-
</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, milk.] <def>Causing a diminution or a suppression of
the secretion of milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti-Gal"li*can</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Opposed to
what is Gallic or French.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
transcribing: cf. F. <i>antigraphe</i>.] <def>A copy or
transcript.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*gug"gler</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> +
<i>guggle</i> or <i>gurgle</i>.] <def>A crooked tube of metal, to be
introduced into the neck of a bottle for drawing out the liquid without
disturbing the sediment or causing a gurgling noise.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*he"lix</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The curved elevation of the cartilage of the ear, within or in front
of the helix. See <u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*hem`or*rhag"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Tending to stop hemorrhage.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
remedy for hemorrhage.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*hy`dro*phob"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Counteracting or preventing hydrophobia.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy for hydrophobia.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*hy*drop"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Good against dropsy.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy for
dropsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*hyp*not"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Tending to prevent sleep.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
antihypnotic agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*hyp`o*chon"dri*ac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Counteractive of hypochondria.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy for hypochondria.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*hys*ter"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Counteracting hysteria.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy
for hysteria.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ic*ter"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Good against jaundice.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy
for jaundice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`ti*le*gom"e*na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; against + &?; to speak; part. pass. &?;.] <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>Certain books of the New Testament which were for a time not
universally received, but which are now considered canonical. These are the
Epistle to the Hebrews, the Epistles of James and Jude, the second Epistle
of Peter, the second and third Epistles of John, and the Revelation. The
undisputed books are called the <i>Homologoumena</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*li*bra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A balancing;
equipoise.</def> [R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*lith"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Tending to prevent the formation of urinary calculi, or to destroy
them when formed.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An antilithic
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*log"a*rithm</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>The number corresponding to a logarithm. The word has been sometimes,
though rarely, used to denote the complement of a given logarithm; also the
logarithmic cosine corresponding to a given logarithmic sine.</def>  --
<wf>An`ti*log`a*rith"mic</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An*til"o*gous</hw> (&abreve;n*t&ibreve;l"&osl;*g&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the contrary name or character; -- opposed to
<i>analogous</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Antilogous pole</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>that pole of a
crystal which becomes negatively electrified when heated.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An*til"o*gy</hw> (&abreve;n*t&ibreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Antilogies</b></plw>
(&abreve;n*t&ibreve;l"&osl;*j&ibreve;z). [Gr. <grk>'antilogi`a</grk>, fr.
<grk>'anti`logos</grk> contradictory; <grk>'anti`</grk> against +
<grk>le`gein</grk> to speak.] <def>A contradiction between any words or
passages in an author.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 65  !></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*loi"mic</hw> (&abreve;n`t&ibreve;*loi"m&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A remedy against the plague.</def>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*til"o*pine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to the antelope.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*til"o*quist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
contradicter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An*til"o*quy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> +
L. <i>loqui</i> to speak.] <def>Contradiction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An`ti*lys"sic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-
</i> + Gr. &?; rage, madness.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Antihydrophobic.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ma*cas"sar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cover for
the back or arms of a chair or sofa, etc., to prevent them from being
soiled by macassar or other oil from the hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ma*gis"tric*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>anti-</i> + <i>magistrical</i> for <i>magistratical</i>.] <def>Opposed
to the office or authority of magistrates.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ma*la"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Good against
malaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*mask`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A secondary mask,
or grotesque interlude, between the parts of a serious mask.</def> [Written
also <i>antimasque</i>.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ma"son</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One opposed to
Freemasonry.</def>   -- <wf>An`ti*ma*son"ic</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ma"son*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Opposition to
Freemasonry.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*me*phit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Good against mephitic or deleterious gases.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy against mephitic gases.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*mere</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [. <i>anti-</i> + <i>-
mere</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the two halves of bilaterally
symmetrical animals; one of any opposite symmetrical or homotypic parts in
animals and plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`ti*me*tab"o*le</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure in which the same words or ideas are
repeated in transposed order.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`ti*me*tath"e*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>An antithesis in which the members are repeated
in inverse order.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tim"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; like + &?;
measure.] <def>A modification of the quadrant, for measuring small
angles.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>An`ti*mo*nar"chic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`ti*mo*nar"chic*al</hw> (&?;),
} <def>Opposed to monarchial government.</def>  <i>Bp. Benson.
Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*mon"arch*ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An enemy to
monarchial government.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*mo"nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
compound of antimonic acid with a base or basic radical.</def> [Written
also <i>antimoniate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>An`ti*mo"ni*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to antimony.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
preparation or medicine containing antimony.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Antimonial powder</b></col>, <cd>a consisting of one part oxide
of antimony and two parts phosphate of calcium; -- also called <i>James's
powder</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*mo"ni*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Combined or
prepared with antimony; as, <i>antimoniated</i> tartar.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*mon"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, antimony; -- said of those compounds
of antimony in which this element has its highest equivalence; as,
<i>antimonic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*mo"ni*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, antimony; -- said of those compounds
of antimony in which this element has an equivalence next lower than the
highest; as, <i>antimonious</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*mo*nite`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound of antimonious acid and a base or basic
radical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Stibnite.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*mo"ni*u*ret`ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined with or containing antimony; as, <i>antimoniureted</i>
hydrogen.</def> [Written also <i>antimoniuretted</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>An"ti*mo*ny</hw> (?; 112), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>antimonium</i>, of unknown origin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An elementary
substance, resembling a metal in its appearance and physical properties,
but in its chemical relations belonging to the class of nonmetallic
substances. Atomic weight, 120. Symbol, Sb.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is of tin-white color, brittle, laminated or crystalline,
fusible, and vaporizable at a rather low temperature. It is used in some
metallic alloys, as type metal and bell metal, and also for medical
preparations, which are in general emetics or cathartics. By ancient
writers, and some moderns, the term is applied to native <i>gray ore of
antimony</i>, or <i>stibnite</i> (the <i>stibium</i> of the Romans, and the
<grk>sti`mmi</grk> of the Greeks, a sulphide of antimony, from which most
of the antimony of commerce is obtained. <i>Cervantite</i>,
<i>senarmontite</i>, and <i>valentinite</i> are native oxides of
antimony.</p>

<p><hw>An`ti*na"tion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Antagonistic
to one's country or nation, or to a national government.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ne*phrit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Counteracting, or deemed of use in, diseases of the kidneys.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An antinephritic remedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*no"mi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Antimony</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Antinomians; opposed to the
doctrine that the moral law is obligatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*no"mi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One who maintains that, under the gospel dispensation, the moral law
is of no use or obligation, but that faith alone is necessary to salvation.
The sect of Antinomians originated with John Agricola, in Germany, about
the year 1535.</def>  <i>Mosheim.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*no"mi*an*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tenets
or practice of Antinomians.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*tin"o*mist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
Antinomian.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*tin"o*my</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Antinomies</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>antinomia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?;
against + &?; law.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Opposition of one law or rule
to another law or rule.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Different commentators have deduced from it the very
opposite doctrines. In some instances this apparent <i>antinomy</i> is
doubtful.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An opposing law or rule of any kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As it were by his own <i>antinomy</i>, or
counterstatute.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>A contradiction or
incompatibility of thought or language; -- in the Kantian philosophy, such
a contradiction as arises from the attempt to apply to the ideas of the
reason, relations or attributes which are appropriate only to the facts or
the concepts of experience.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*o"chi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to Antiochus, a contemporary with Cicero, and the founder
of a sect of philosophers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the city of Antioch, in
Syria.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Antiochian epoch</b></col> <i>(Chron.)</i>, <cd>a method of
computing time, from the proclamation of liberty granted to the city of
Antioch, about the time of the battle of Pharsalia, B.C. 48.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*o`don*tal"gic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Efficacious in curing toothache.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
remedy for toothache.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*or*gas"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-
</i> + Gr. &?; to swell, as with lust.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Tending to allay
venereal excitement or desire; sedative.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*pa"pal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Opposed to the
pope or to popery.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*par"al*lel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Running in a
contrary direction.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*par"al*lels</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Straight lines or planes which make angles in some
respect opposite in character to those made by parallel lines or
planes.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*par`a*lyt"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Good against paralysis.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine
for paralysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*par`a*lyt"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Antiparalytic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`ti*pa*thet"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`ti*pa*thet"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a natural contrariety, or constitutional
aversion, to a thing; characterized by antipathy; -- often followed by
<i>to</i>.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*path"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>antipathicus</i>, Gr. &?; of opposite feelings.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Belonging to antipathy; opposite; contrary; allopathic.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tip"a*thist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has an
antipathy.</def> [R.] "<i>Antipathist</i> of light."  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*tip"a*thize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To feel or
show antipathy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An*tip"a*thous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
natural contrariety; adverse; antipathetic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*tip"a*thy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Antipathies</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>antipathia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?;
against + &?; to suffer. Cf. F. <i>antipathie</i>. See <u>Pathos</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contrariety or opposition in feeling; settled
aversion or dislike; repugnance; distaste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inveterate <i>antipathies</i> against particular nations,
and passionate attachments to others, are to be avoided.<BR>
<i>Washington.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Natural contrariety; incompatibility; repugnancy
of qualities; as, oil and water have <i>antipathy</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A habit is generated of thinking that a natural
<i>antipathy</i> exists between hope and reason.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Antipathy</i> is opposed to <i>sympathy</i>. It is followed by
<i>to</i>, <i>against</i>, or <i>between</i>; also sometimes by
<i>for</i>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hatred; aversion; dislike; disgust; distaste; enmity; ill
will; repugnance; contrariety; opposition. See <u>Dislike</u>.</p>

<p><hw>An`ti*pep"tone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A product of gastric and pancreatic digestion, differing
from hemipeptone in not being decomposed by the continued action of
pancreatic juice.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*pe`ri*od"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A remedy possessing the property of preventing the return of periodic
paroxysms, or exacerbations, of disease, as in intermittent
fevers.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*per`i*stal"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Opposed to, or checking motion; acting upward; -- applied to an
inverted action of the intestinal tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`ti*pe*ris"ta*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
against + &?; a standing around, fr. &?; to stand around; &?; around + &?;
to stand.] <def>Opposition by which the quality opposed asquires strength;
resistance or reaction roused by opposition or by the action of an opposite
principle or quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*per`i*stat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to antiperistasis.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*pet"al*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-
</i> + <i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Standing before a petal, as a
stamen.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*phar"mic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i>
+ Gr. &?; poison.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Antidotal; alexipharmic.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*phlo*gis"tian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An opposer
of the theory of phlogiston.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*phlo*gis"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Opposed to the doctrine of
phlogiston.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Counteracting
inflammation.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*phlo*gis"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any
medicine or diet which tends to check inflammation.</def>  <i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*phon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>antiphona</i>,
fr. Gr. &?;. See <u>Anthem</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A musical
response; alternate singing or chanting. See <u>Antiphony</u>, and
<u>Antiphone</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A verse said before and after the psalms.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*tiph"o*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to antiphony, or alternate singing; sung alternately by a divided choir or
opposite choirs.</def>  <i>Wheatly.</i>  -- <wf>An*tiph"o*nal*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An*tiph"o*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book of antiphons or
anthems.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tiph"o*na*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>antiphonarium</i>. See <u>Antiphoner</u>.] <def>A book containing a
collection of antiphons; the book in which the antiphons of the breviary,
with their musical notes, are contained.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*phone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The
response which one side of the choir makes to the other in a chant;
alternate chanting or signing.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tiph"o*ner</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>antiphonaire</i>. See <u>Antiphon</u>.] <def>A book of antiphons.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*phon"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Antiphonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tiph"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Antiphonies</b></plw> (&?;). [See <u>Antiphon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A musical response; also, antiphonal chanting or
signing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An anthem or psalm sung alternately by a choir
or congregation divided into two parts. Also figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O! never more for me shall winds intone,<BR>
With all your tops, a vast <i>antiphony</i>.<BR>
<i>R. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||An*tiph"ra*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to express by antithesis or negation.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The use
of words in a sense opposite to their proper meaning; as when a court of
justice is called a <i>court of vengeance</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`ti*phras"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`ti*phras"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to antiphrasis.</def>  --
<wf>An`ti*phras"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*phthis"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Relieving or curing phthisis, or consumption.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine for phthisis.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*phys"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-
</i> + <i>physical</i>.] <def>Contrary to nature; unnatural.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*phys"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> +
Gr. &?; to inflate.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Relieving flatulence;
carminative.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*plas"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Diminishing plasticity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Preventing or checking the process
of healing, or granulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*po*dag"ric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Good against gout.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine for
gout.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tip"o*dal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to the antipodes; situated on the opposite side of the
globe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Diametrically opposite.</def> "His
<i>antipodal</i> shadow."  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*pode</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
antipodes; anything exactly opposite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In tale or history your beggar is ever the just
<i>antipode</i> to your king.<BR>
<i>Lamb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The singular, <i>antipode</i>, is exceptional in formation, but
has been used by good writers. Its regular English plural would be
<i>&abreve;n"t&ibreve;*p&omacr;des</i>, the last syllable rhyming with
<i>abodes</i>, and this pronunciation is sometimes heard. The plural form
(originally a Latin word without a singular) is in common use, and is
pronounced, after the English method of Latin,
<i>&abreve;n*t&ibreve;p"&osl;*d&emacr;z</i>.</p>

<p><hw>An`ti*po"de*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the antipodes, or the opposite side of the world; antipodal.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tip"o*des</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. pl., fr. Gr. &?;
with the feet opposite, pl. &?; &?;; &?; against + &?;, &?;, foot.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Those who live on the side of the globe
diametrically opposite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The country of those who live on the opposite
side of the globe.</def>  <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything exactly opposite or contrary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can there be a greater contrariety unto Christ's judgment, a
more perfect <i>antipodes</i> to all that hath hitherto been gospel?<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*pole</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The opposite pole;
anything diametrically opposed.</def>  <i>Geo. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*pope</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is elected,
or claims to be, pope in opposition to the pope canonically chosen; esp.
applied to those popes who resided at Avignon during the Great
Schism.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`tip*sor"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of
use in curing the itch.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An antipsoric
remedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`tip*to"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;;
&?; against + &?; a falling, a case, &?; to fall.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The
putting of one case for another.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`ti*pu`tre*fac"tive</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`ti*pu*tres"cent</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Counteracting, or preserving from,
putrefaction; antiseptic.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*py"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, pus.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Checking or preventing
suppuration.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An antipyic
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`ti*py*re"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
against + &?; to be feverish, fr. &?; fire.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
condition or state of being free from fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*py*ret"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Efficacious in preventing or allaying fever.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A febrifuge.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*py"rine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
artificial alkaloid, believed to be efficient in abating fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*py*rot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Good against burns or pyrosis.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Anything of use in preventing or healing burns or pyrosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*qua"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Antiquary</u>]. <def>Pertaining to antiquaries, or to antiquity; as,
<i>antiquarian</i> literature.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*qua"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An antiquary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A drawing paper of large size. See under
<u>Paper</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*qua"ri*an*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Character
of an antiquary; study or love of antiquities.</def>  <i>Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*qua"ri*an*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act
the part of an antiquary.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>An"ti*qua*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>antiquarius</i>, fr. <i>antiquus</i> ancient. See <u>Antique</u>.]
<def>Pertaining to antiquity.</def> [R.] "Instructed by the
<i>antiquary</i> times."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*qua*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Antiquaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One devoted to the study of
ancient times through their relics, as inscriptions, monuments, remains of
ancient habitations, statues, coins, manuscripts, etc.; one who searches
for and studies the relics of antiquity.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*quate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>antiquatus</i>, p. p. of <i>antiquare</i>, fr. <i>antiquus</i> ancient.]
<def>To make old, or obsolete; to make antique; to make old in such a
degree as to put out of use; hence, to make void, or abrogate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Christianity might reasonably introduce new laws, and
<i>antiquate</i> or abrogate old one.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*qua`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Grown old.
Hence: Bygone; obsolete; out of use; old-fashioned; as, an
<i>antiquated</i> law.</def> "<i>Antiquated</i> words."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Old Janet, for so he understood his <i>antiquated</i>
attendant was denominated.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ancient; old; antique; obsolete. See <u>Ancient</u>.</p>

<p><hw>An"ti*qua`ted*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
antiquated.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*quate*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Antiquatedness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An`ti*qua"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>antiquatio</i>, fr. <i>antiquare</i>.] <def>The act of making
antiquated, or the state of being antiquated.</def>  <i>Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*tique"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>antiquus</i> old, ancient, equiv. to <i>anticus</i>, from <i>ante</i>
before. Cf. <u>Antic</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Old; ancient; of genuine antiquity; as, an
<i>antique</i> statue. In this sense it usually refers to the flourishing
ages of Greece and Rome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the <i>antique</i> world excess and pride did hate.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 66  !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Old, as respects the present age, or a modern
period of time; of old fashion; antiquated; as, an <i>antique</i>
robe.</def> "<i>Antique</i> words."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Made in imitation of antiquity; as, the
<i>antique</i> style of Thomson's "Castle of Indolence."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Odd; fantastic.</def> [In this sense, written
<i>antic</i>.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ancient; antiquated; obsolete; antic; old-fashioned; old.
See <u>Ancient</u>.</p>

<p><hw>An*tique"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Antique</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> ] <def>In general, anything very old; but in a more
limited sense, a relic or object of ancient art; collectively, <i>the
antique</i>, the remains of ancient art, as busts, statues, paintings, and
vases.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Misshapen monuments and maimed <i>antiques</i>.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An*tique"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an antique
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tique"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
antique; an appearance of ancient origin and workmanship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We may discover something venerable in the
<i>antiqueness</i> of the work.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*quist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An antiquary; a
collector of antiques.</def> [R.]  <i>Pinkerton.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*tiq`ui*ta"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An admirer
of antiquity. [Used by Milton in a disparaging sense.]</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>An*tiq"ui*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Antiquities</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>antiquitas</i>, fr.
<i>antiquus</i>: cf. F. <i>antiquit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Antique</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being ancient; ancientness; great
age; as, a statue of remarkable <i>antiquity</i>; a family of great
<i>antiquity</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Old age.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It not your voice broken? . . . and every part about you
blasted with <i>antiquity</i>?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ancient times; former ages; times long since
past; as, Cicero was an eloquent orator of <i>antiquity</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The ancients; the people of ancient
times.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That such pillars were raised by Seth all <i>antiquity</i>
has &?;vowed.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An old gentleman.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You are a shrewd <i>antiquity</i>, neighbor Clench.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A relic or monument of ancient times; as, a
coin, a statue, etc.; an ancient institution. [In this sense, usually in
the plural.]</def> "Heathen <i>antiquities</i>."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ra*chit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Good against the rickets.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*rent"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One opposed to
the payment of rent; esp. one of those who in 1840-47 resisted the
collection of rents claimed by the patroons from the settlers on certain
manorial lands in the State of New York.</def>  -- <wf>An`ti*rent"ism</wf>
(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*sab`ba*ta"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One of a sect which opposes the observance of the
Christian Sabbath.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*sac`er*do"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hostile to
priests or the priesthood.</def>  <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>An*tis"cians</hw> (&?;), <hw>||An*tis"ci*i</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>antiscii</i>, Gr. &?;, pl.; &?; against +
&?; shadow.] <def>The inhabitants of the earth, living on different sides
of the equator, whose shadows at noon are cast in opposite
directions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inhabitants of the north and south temperate zones are
always <i>Antiscians</i>.<BR>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`ti*sco*let"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`ti*scol"ic</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> + Gr. &?; a worm.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Anthelmintic.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*scor*bu"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Counteracting scurvy.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy for
scurvy.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*scor*bu"tic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Antiscorbutic.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*scrip"tur*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Opposed to,
or not in accordance with, the Holy Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*sep"al*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-
</i> + <i>sepal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Standing before a sepal, or calyx
leaf.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`ti*sep"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`ti*sep"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Counteracting or preventing putrefaction, or a
putrescent tendency in the system; antiputrefactive.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Antiseptic surgery</b></col>, <cd>that system of surgical
practice which insists upon a systematic use of antiseptics in the
performance of operations and the dressing of wounds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*sep"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A substance which
prevents or retards putrefaction, or destroys, or protects from,
putrefactive organisms; as, salt, carbolic acid, alcohol,
cinchona.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*sep"tic*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By means
of antiseptics.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*slav"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Opposed to
slavery.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Opposition to
slavery.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*so"cial</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
interrupt or destroy social intercourse; averse to society, or hostile to
its existence; as, <i>antisocial</i> principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*so"cial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One opposed to the
doctrines and practices of socialists or socialism.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*so"lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Opposite to the
sun; -- said of the point in the heavens 180&deg; distant from the
sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*spas*mod"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Good against spasms.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine
which prevents or allays spasms or convulsions.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*spast</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>antispastus</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to draw the contrary way; &?; against + &?; to draw.]
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A foot of four syllables, the first and fourth short,
and the second and third long (#).</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*spas"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Antispast</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Believed to cause
a revulsion of fluids or of humors from one part to another.</def> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Counteracting spasms; antispasmodic.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An antispastic agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*splen"e*tic</hw> (&?;; see <u>Splenetic</u>, 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Good as a remedy against disease of the
spleen.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An antisplenetic
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*tis"tro*phe</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to turn to the opposite side; &?; against + &?; to turn. See
<u>Strophe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In Greek choruses and dances, the
returning of the chorus, exactly answering to a previous <i>strophe</i> or
movement from right to left. Hence: The lines of this part of the choral
song.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was customary, on some occasions, to dance round the
altars whilst they sang the sacred hymns, which consisted of three stanzas
or parts; the first of which, called strophe, was sung in turning from east
to west; the other, named <i>antistrophe</i>, in returning from west to
east; then they stood before the altar, and sang the epode, which was the
last part of the song.<BR>
<i>Abp. Potter.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
repetition of words in an inverse order; as, the master of the servant and
the servant of the master.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The retort or
turning of an adversary's plea against him.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*stroph"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Of
or pertaining to an antistrophe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*tis"tro*phon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; turned
opposite ways.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>An argument retorted on an
opponent.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*stru"mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Antistrumous.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine for
scrofula.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*stru"mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Good against scrofulous disorders.</def>  <i>Johnson. Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*syph`i*lit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Efficacious against syphilis.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
medicine for syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*the"ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine of
antitheists.</def>  -- <wf>An`ti*the*is"tic</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*the"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A disbeliever in the
existence of God.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*tith"e*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Antitheses</b></plw>. (&?;) [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to set
against, to oppose; &?; against + &?; to set. See <u>Thesis</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>An opposition or contrast of words
or sentiments occurring in the same sentence; as, "The prodigal <i>robs his
heir</i>; the miser <i>robs himself</i>."  "He had <i>covertly shot</i> at
Cromwell; he how <i>openly aimed</i> at the Queen."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The second of two clauses forming an
antithesis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Opposition; contrast.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*thet</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>antitheton</i>,
fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, antithetic.] <def>An antithetic or contrasted
statement.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`ti*thet"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>An`ti*thet"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to antithesis, or
opposition of words and sentiments; containing, or of the nature of,
antithesis; contrasted.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*thet"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way
antithesis.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`ti*tox"in</hw>, <hw>An`ti*tox"ine</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> + <i>toxin</i>.] <def>A substance
(sometimes the product of a specific micro-organism and sometimes naturally
present in the blood or tissues of an animal), capable of producing
immunity from certain diseases, or of counteracting the poisonous effects
of pathogenic bacteria.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti-trade`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tropical wind
blowing steadily in a direction opposite to the trade wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*tit"ra*gus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A prominence on the lower posterior portion of the
concha of the external ear, opposite the tragus. See <u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`ti*tro*chan"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>An articular surface on the ilium of birds against which the great
trochanter of the femur plays.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An*tit"ro*pal</hw> (&?;), <hw>An*tit"ro*pous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> + Gr. &?; turn, &?; to turn.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>At the extremity most remote from the hilum, as the
embryo, or inverted with respect to the seed, as the radicle.</def>
<i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*ty`pal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Antitypical.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>An"ti*type</hw> (-t&imacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of
corresponding form; &?; against + &?; type, figure. See <u>Type</u>.]
<def>That of which the type is the pattern or representation; that which is
represented by the type or symbol.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*typ"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an antitype; explaining the type.</def>  --
<wf>An`ti*typ"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An*tit"y*pous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Resisting blows; hard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*tit"y*py</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Opposition or resistance of matter to force.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*vac`ci*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Opposition to vaccination.</def>  <i>London Times.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*vac`ci*na"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
antivaccinist.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*vac"ci*nist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One opposed to
vaccination.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*va*ri"o*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Preventing
the contagion of smallpox.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ve*ne"re*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Good against
venereal poison; antisyphilitic.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*viv`i*sec"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Opposition to vivisection.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*viv`i*sec"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One opposed
to vivisection</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*zym"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Preventing
fermentation.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*zy*mot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Preventing fermentation or decomposition.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An agent so used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant"ler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>auntelere</i>, OF.
<i>antoillier</i>, <i>andoiller</i>, <i>endouiller</i>, fr. F.
<i>andouiller</i>, fr. an assumed LL. <i>antocularis</i>, fr. L.
<i>ante</i> before + <i>oculus</i> eye. See <u>Ocular</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The entire horn, or any branch of the horn, of a
cervine animal, as of a stag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Huge stags with sixteen <i>antlers</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The branch next to the head is called the <i>brow antler</i>, and
the branch next above, the <i>bez antler</i>, or <i>bay antler</i>. The
main stem is the <i>beam</i>, and the branches are often called
<i>tynes</i>. Antlers are deciduous bony (not horny) growths, and are
covered with a periosteum while growing. See <u>Velvet</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Antler moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a destructive
European moth (<i>Cerapteryx graminis</i>), which devastates grass
lands.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ant"lered</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
antlers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>antlered</i> stag.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Ant"li*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Antil&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L., a pump, Gr, &?; hold of a ship]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The spiral tubular proboscis of lepidopterous
insects. See <u>Lepidoptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant"-li`on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A neuropterous insect, the larva of which makes in the sand a pitfall
to capture ants, etc. The common American species is <i>Myrmeleon
obsoletus</i>, the European is <i>M. formicarius</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An*t&oelig;"ci</hw> (&abreve;n*t&emacr;"s&imacr;),
<hw>An*t&oelig;"cians</hw> (-sh<i>a</i>nz), <pos><i>n. pl</i></pos>. [NL.
<i>antoeci</i>, fr. Gr. pl. <grk>'a`ntoiki</grk>; <grk>'anti`</grk>
opposite + <grk>o'ikei^n</grk> to live.] <def>Those who live under the same
meridian, but on opposite parallels of latitude, north and south of the
equator.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`to*no*ma"si*a</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to name instead; &?; + &?; to name, &?; name.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<def>The use of some epithet or the name of some office, dignity, or the
like, instead of the proper name of the person; as when <i>his majesty</i>
is used for a king, or when, instead of Aristotle, we say, <i>the
philosopher</i>; or, conversely, the use of a proper name instead of an
appellative, as when a wise man is called a <i>Solomon</i>, or an eminent
orator a <i>Cicero</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`to*no*mas"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or characterized by, antonomasia.</def>  --
<wf>An`to*no*mas"tic*al*ly</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An*ton"o*ma*sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Antonomasia.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"to*nym</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a word used in
substitution for another; &?; + &?;, &?;, a word.] <def>A word of opposite
meaning; a counterterm; -- used as a correlative of <i>synonym</i>.</def>
[R.]  <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ant*or"bit*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> +
<i>orbital</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or situated in, the
region of the front of the orbit.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
antorbital bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant`or*gas"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Antiorgastic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ant*o"zone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i> +
<i>ozone</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound formerly supposed to be
modification of oxygen, but now known to be hydrogen dioxide; -- so called
because apparently antagonistic to ozone, converting it into ordinary
oxygen.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"tral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Relating to an antrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"tre</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>antre</i>, L.
<i>antrum</i>, fr. Gr. &?;.] <def>A cavern.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>An*trorse"</hw> (&abreve;n*tr&ocirc;rs"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
L. <i>ante</i> + <i>versun</i> turned; apparently formed in imitation of
<i>retrorse</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Forward or upward in direction.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>An`tro*vert"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bend
forward.</def> [R.]  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An"trum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Antra</b></plw> (&?;). [L., fr. Gr. &?;.] <def>A cavern or cavity,
esp. an anatomical cavity or sinus</def>.  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An*trus"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>antrustio</i>.] <def>A vassal or voluntary follower of Frankish princes
in their enterprises</def>.</p>

<p><hw>Ant" thrush`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One of several species of tropical birds, of the Old World, of the
genus <i>Pitta</i>, somewhat resembling the thrushes, and feeding chiefly
on ants.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>See <i>Ant bird</i>, under
<u>Ant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*nu"bis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Myth.)</i>
<def>An Egyptian deity, the conductor of departed spirits, represented by a
human figure with the head of a dog or fox.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*nu"ra</hw> (&adot;*n&umacr;"r&adot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'an</grk> priv. + <grk>o'yra`</grk> a tail.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the orders of amphibians characterized by
the absence of a tail, as the frogs and toads.</def> [Written also
<i>anoura</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>A*nu"rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Destitute of a tail, as the frogs and toads.</def> [Also written
<i>anourous</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>An"u*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'an</grk> priv. +
<grk>o'y^ron</grk> urine.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Nonsecretion or defective
secretion of urine; ischury.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"nus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., prob. for
<i>asnus</i>: cf. Gr. &?; to sit, Skr. <i>&amacr;s</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The posterior opening of the alimentary canal, through which the
excrements are expelled.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"vil</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>anvelt</i>,
<i>anfelt</i>, <i>anefelt</i>, AS. <i>anfilt</i>, <i>onfilt</i>; of
uncertain origin; cf. OHG. <i>anafalz</i>, D. <i>aanbeld</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An iron block, usually with a steel face, upon
which metals are hammered and shaped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling an anvil in shape or
use.</def> Specifically <i>(Anat.)</i>, <def>the incus. See
<u>Incus</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be on the anvil</b></col>, <cd>to be in a state of
discussion, formation, or preparation, as when a scheme or measure is
forming, but not matured.</cd>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>An"vil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form or shape on an
anvil; to hammer out; as, <i>anviled</i> armor.</def>  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Anx*i"e*tude</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>anxietudo</i>.]
<def>The state of being anxious; anxiety.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Anx*i"e*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Anxieties</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>anxietas</i>, fr. <i>anxius</i>:
cf. F. <i>anxi&eacute;t&eacute;</i>. See <u>Anxious</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Concern or solicitude respecting some thing or
event, future or uncertain, which disturbs the mind, and keeps it in a
state of painful uneasiness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Eager desire.</def>  <i>J. D. Forbes</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A state of restlessness and
agitation, often with general indisposition and a distressing sense of
oppression at the epigastrium.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Care; solicitude; foreboding; uneasiness; perplexity;
disquietude; disquiet; trouble; apprehension; restlessness. See
<u>Care</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 67  !></p>

<p><hw>Anx"ious</hw> (&abreve;&nsm;k"sh&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>anxius</i>, fr. <i>angere</i> to cause pain, choke; akin to Gr.
<grk>'a`gchein</grk> to choke. See <u>Anger</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of anxiety or disquietude; greatly concerned or solicitous, esp.
respecting something future or unknown; being in painful suspense; --
applied to persons; as, <i>anxious</i> for the issue of a battle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accompanied with, or causing, anxiety; worrying;
-- applied to things; as, <i>anxious</i> labor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sweet of life, from which<BR>
God hath bid dwell far off all <i>anxious</i> cares.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Earnestly desirous; as, <i>anxious</i> to
please.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sneers alike at those who are <i>anxious</i> to preserve
and at those who are eager for reform.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><i>Anxious</i> is followed by <i>for</i>, <i>about</i>,
<i>concerning</i>, etc., before the object of solicitude.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Solicitous; careful; uneasy; unquiet; restless;
concerned; disturbed; watchful.</p>

<p><hw>Anx"ious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an anxious manner;
with painful uncertainty; solicitously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Anx"ious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
anxious; great solicitude; anxiety.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; pron.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>&aelig;ni&yogh;</i>, <i>&aelig;ni</i>, <i>eni</i>, <i>ani</i>,
<i>oni</i>, AS. <i>&aemacr;nig</i>, fr. <i>&amacr;n</i> one. It is akin to
OS. <i>&emacr;nig</i>, OHG. <i>einic</i>, G. <i>einig</i>, D. <i>eenig</i>.
See <u>One</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One indifferently, out of an
indefinite number; one indefinitely, whosoever or whatsoever it may
be.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Any</i> is often used in denying or asserting without
limitation; as, this thing ought not be done at <i>any</i> time; I ask
<i>any</i> one to answer my question.</p>

<p><blockquote>No man knoweth the Son, but the Father; neither knoweth
<i>any</i> man the Father, save the Son.<BR>
<i>Matt. xi. 27.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Some, of whatever kind, quantity, or number; as,
are there <i>any</i> witnesses present? are there <i>any</i> other houses
like it?</def>   "Who will show us <i>any</i> good?"  <i>Ps. iv. 6.</i></p>

<p>It is often used, either in the singular or the plural, as a pronoun,
the person or thing being understood; anybody; anyone;
(<pos><i>pl.</i></pos>) any persons.</p>

<p><blockquote>If <i>any</i> of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, . . .
and it shall be given him.<BR>
<i>Jas. i. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That if he found <i>any</i> of this way, whether they were
men or women, he might bring them bound unto Jerusalem.<BR>
<i>Acts ix. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>At any rate</b></col>, <col><b>In any case</b></col>,
<cd>whatever may be the state of affairs; anyhow.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A"ny</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To any extent; in any degree;
at all.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are not to go loose <i>any</i> longer.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Before you go <i>any</i> farther.<BR>
<i>Steele.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A"ny*bod*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any one out of an indefinite number of persons; anyone; any
person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His Majesty could not keep any secret from
<i>anybody</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person of consideration or standing.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All the men belonged exclusively to the mechanical and
shopkeeping classes, and there was not a single banker or <i>anybody</i> in
the list.<BR>
<i>Lond. Sat. Rev.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A"ny*how`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In any way or
manner whatever; at any rate; in any event.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Anyhow</i>, it must be acknowledged to be not a simple
selforiginated error.<BR>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Anyhow</i>, the languages of the two nations were closely
allied.<BR>
<i>E. A. Freeman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A"ny*one</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One taken at random
rather than by selection; anybody. [Commonly written as two
words.]</def></p>

<p><hw>A"ny*thing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any object, act, state, event, or fact whatever; thing of any kind;
something or other; aught; as, I would not do it for
<i>anything</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did you ever know of <i>anything</i> so unlucky?<BR>
<i>A. Trollope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They do not know that <i>anything</i> is amiss with
them.<BR>
<i>W. G. Sumner.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing an indefinite comparison; -- with
<i>as</i> or <i>like</i>.</def> [Colloq. or Lowx]</p>

<p><blockquote>I fear your girl will grow as proud as <i>anything</i>.<BR>
<i>Richardson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Any thing</i>, written as two words, is now commonly used in
contradistinction to <i>any person</i> or <i>anybody</i>. Formerly it was
also separated when used in the wider sense. "Necessity drove them to
undertake <i>any thing</i> and venture <i>any thing</i>."  <i>De
Foe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Anything but</b></col>, <cd>not at all or in any respect.</cd>
"The battle was a rare one, and the victory <i>anything but</i> secure."
<i>Hawthorne.</i> -- <col><b>Anything like</b></col>, <cd>in any respect;
at all; as, I can not give <i>anything like</i> a fair sketch of his
trials.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A"ny*thing</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In any measure;
anywise; at all.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mine old good will and hearty affection towards you is not .
. . <i>anything</i> at all quailed.<BR>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A`ny*thing*a"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
holds to no particular creed or dogma.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A"ny*way</hw> (&?;), <hw>A"ny*ways</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Anywise; at all.</def>  <i>Tennyson.
Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"ny*where</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In any
place.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"ny*whith`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To or towards
any place.</def> [Archaic]  <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"ny*wise</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In any wise or
way; at all.</def> "<i>Anywise</i> essential."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*o"ni*an</hw> (&asl;*&omacr;"n&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>Aonia</i>, a part of B&oelig;otia, in
Greece.] <def>Pertaining to Aonia, in B&oelig;otia, or to the Muses, who
were supposed to dwell there.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aonian fount</b></col>, <cd>the fountain of Aganippe, at the
foot of Mount Helicon, not far from Thebes, and sacred to the
Muses.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A"o*rist</hw> (&amacr;"&osl;*r&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ao`ristos</grk> indefinite; <grk>'a</grk> priv. +
<grk>"ori`zein</grk> to define, &?; boundary, limit.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A
tense in the Greek language, which expresses an action as completed in past
time, but leaves it, in other respects, wholly indeterminate.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`o*ris"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'aoristiko`s</grk>.] <def>Indefinite; pertaining to the aorist
tense.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*or"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to lift, heave.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The great artery which carries the
blood from the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs; the main
trunk of the arterial system.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In fishes and the early stages of all higher vertebrates the
aorta divides near its origin into several branches (the <i>aortic
arches</i>) which pass in pairs round the &oelig;sophagus and unite to form
the systemic aorta. One or more pairs of these arches persist in amphibia
and reptiles, but only one arch in birds and mammals, this being on the
right side in the former, and on the left in the latter.</p>

<p><hw>A*or"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the aorta.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`or*ti"tis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Aorta</i> + <i>-
itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the aorta.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"ou*dad</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The Moorish name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African sheeplike quadruped (the <i>Ammotragus
tragelaphus</i>) having a long mane on the breast and fore legs. It is,
perhaps, the chamois of the Old Testament.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pace"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>pace</i>. OE. <i>a pas</i> at a walk, in which <i>a</i> is the article.
See <u>Pace</u>.] <def>With a quick pace; quick; fast; speedily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His dewy locks did drop with brine <i>apace</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A visible triumph of the gospel draws on <i>apace</i>.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*pa"ches</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing. Apache (&?;).
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A group of nomadic North American Indians including
several tribes native of Arizona, New Mexico, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`a*go"ge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a leading away,
fr. &?; to lead away; &?; from + &?; to lead.] <i>(Logic)</i> <def>An
indirect argument which proves a thing by showing the impossibility or
absurdity of the contrary.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap`a*gog"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap`a*gog"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Proving indirectly, by showing the absurdity, or
impossibility of the contrary.</def>  <i>Bp. Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*paid"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Paid; pleased.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*pair"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To impair or
become impaired; to injure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`a*la"chi*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Appalachian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"an*age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Appanage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pan"thro*py</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; from +
&?; man.] <def>An aversion to the company of men; a love of
solitude.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"par</hw> (&?;), <hw>A"pa*ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Native name <i>apara</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Mataco</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`pa*re"jo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A kind of
pack saddle used in the American military service and among the Spanish
Americans. It is made of leather stuffed with hay, moss, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap`a*rith"me*sis</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
from &?; to count off or over.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Enumeration of parts or
particulars.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*part"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F. <i>&agrave; part</i>;
(L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>part</i> part. See <u>Part</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Separately, in regard to space or company; in a state of separation as
to place; aside.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others <i>apart</i> sat on a hill retired.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord hath set <i>apart</i> him that is godly for
himself.<BR>
<i>Ps. iv. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a state of separation, of exclusion, or of
distinction, as to purpose, use, or character, or as a matter of thought;
separately; independently; as, consider the two propositions
<i>apart</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Aside; away.</def> "Wherefore lay <i>apart</i>
all filthiness and superfluity of naughtiness."  <i>Jas. i. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let Pleasure go, put Care <i>apart</i>.<BR>
<i>Keble.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In two or more parts; asunder; to piece; as, to
take a piece of machinery <i>apart</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*part"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>appartement</i>;
cf. It. <i>appartamento</i>, fr. <i>appartare</i> to separate, set apart;
all fr. L. <i>ad</i> + <i>pars</i>, <i>partis</i>, part. See <u>Apart</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A room in a building; a division in a house,
separated from others by partitions.</def>  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A set or suite of rooms.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A compartment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*part"ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
standing apart.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap*as"tron</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; from + &?;
star.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>That point in the orbit of a double star where
the smaller star is farthest from its primary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`a*thet"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap`a*thet"ic*al</hw> (&?;)
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Apathy</u>.] <def>Void of feeling; not
susceptible of deep emotion; passionless; indifferent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`a*thet"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an apathetic
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"a*thist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>apathiste</i>.] <def>One who is destitute of feeling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`a*this"tic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apathetic;
une motional.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap"a*thy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Apathies</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>apathia</i>, Gr. &?;;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?;, fr. &?;, &?;, to suffer: cf. F. <i>apathie</i>.
See <u>Pathos</u>.] <def>Want of feeling; privation of passion, emotion, or
excitement; dispassion; -- applied either to the body or the mind. As
applied to the mind, it is a calmness, indolence, or state of indifference,
incapable of being ruffled or roused to active interest or exertion by
pleasure, pain, or passion.</def> "The <i>apathy</i> of despair."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A certain <i>apathy</i> or sluggishness in his nature which
led him . . . to leave events to take their own course.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>According to the Stoics, <i>apathy</i> meant the extinction
of the passions by the ascendency of reason.<BR>
<i>Fleming.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In the first ages of the church, the Christians adopted the term
to express a contempt of earthly concerns.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insensibility; unfeelingness; indifference; unconcern;
stoicism; supineness; sluggishness.</p>

<p><hw>Ap"a*tite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; deceit, fr. &?;
to deceive; it having been often mistaken for other minerals.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native phosphate of lime, occurring usually in six-sided
prisms, color often pale green, transparent or translucent.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`pau`m&eacute;"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Appaum&eacute;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ape</hw> (&amacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>apa</i>; akin to
D. <i>aap</i>, OHG. <i>affo</i>, G. <i>affe</i>, Icel. <i>api</i>, Sw.
<i>apa</i>, Dan. <i>abe</i>, W. <i>epa</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A quadrumanous mammal, esp. of the family
<i>Simiad&aelig;</i>, having teeth of the same number and form as in man,
and possessing neither a tail nor cheek pouches. The name is applied esp.
to species of the genus <i>Hylobates</i>, and is sometimes used as a
general term for all Quadrumana. The higher forms, the gorilla, chimpanzee,
and ourang, are often called <i>anthropoid apes</i> or <i>man
apes</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>ape</i> of the Old Testament was probably the rhesus
monkey of India, and allied forms.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who imitates servilely (in allusion to the
manners of the ape); a mimic.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dupe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ape</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Aped</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Aping</u>.] <def>To
mimic, as an ape imitates human actions; to imitate or follow servilely or
irrationally.</def> "How he <i>apes</i> his sire."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The people of England will not <i>ape</i> the fashions they
have never tried.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*peak"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>peak</i>. Cf. F. <i>&agrave; pic</i> vertically.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>In
a vertical line. The anchor in <i>apeak</i>, when the cable has been
sufficiently hove in to bring the ship over it, and the ship is them said
to be hove <i>apeak</i>.</def> [Spelt also <i>apeek</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ape"hood</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being an
ape.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pel"lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not +
L. <i>pellis</i> skin.] <def>Destitute of skin.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"en*nine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Apenninus</i>,
fr. Celtic <i>pen</i>, or <i>ben</i>, peak, mountain.] <def>Of, pertaining
to, or designating, the Apennines, a chain of mountains extending through
Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pep"sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>apepsia</i>, fr.
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; uncooked, undigested; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; cooked,
&?; to cook, digest.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Defective digestion,
indigestion.</def>  <i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who apes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*pe"re*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wild Guinea pig of Brazil (<i>Cavia
aperea</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pe"ri*ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aperiens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>aperire</i> to uncover, open; <i>ab</i> + <i>parire</i>,
<i>parere</i>, to bring forth, produce. Cf. <u>Cover</u>, <u>Overt</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Gently opening the bowels; laxative.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An aperient medicine or food.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*per"i*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ap&eacute;ritif</i>, fr. L. <i>aperire</i>.] <def>Serving to open;
aperient.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*pert"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>apert</i>, L.
<i>apertus</i>, p. p. of <i>aperire</i>. See <u>Aperient</u>, and cf.
<u>Pert</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Open; evident; undisguised.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*pert"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Openly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*per"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>apertio</i>.]
<def>The act of opening; an opening; an aperture.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*pert"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Openly; clearly.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>A*pert"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Openness;
frankness.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Ap"er*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>apertura</i>,
fr. <i>aperire</i>. See <u>Aperient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of opening.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An opening; an open space; a gap, cleft, or
chasm; a passage perforated; a hole; as, an <i>aperture</i> in a
wall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>aperture</i> between the mountains.<BR>
<i>Gilpin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The back <i>aperture</i> of the nostrils.<BR>
<i>Owen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The diameter of the exposed part
of the object glass of a telescope or other optical instrument; as, a
telescope of four-inch <i>aperture</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>aperture</i> of microscopes is often expressed in degrees,
called also the <i>angular aperture</i>, which signifies the angular
breadth of the pencil of light which the instrument transmits from the
object or point viewed; as, a microscope of 100&deg; <i>aperture</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ap"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aperies</b></plw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where apes are
kept.</def> [R.]  <i>Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The practice of aping; an apish action.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><! p. 68  !></p>

<p><hw>A*pet"al*ous</hw> (&adot;*p&ebreve;t"<i>a</i>l*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not + <i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having no petals, or flower leaves. [See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Anther</u>].</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pet"al*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
apetalous.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"pex</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Apexes</b></plw> (&?;); L. <plw><b>Apices</b></plw> (&?;). [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The tip, top, point, or angular summit of anything;
as, the <i>apex</i> of a mountain, spire, or cone; the <i>apex</i>, or tip,
of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The end or edge of a vein
nearest the surface.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Apex of the earth's motion</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>that
point of the heavens toward which the earth is moving in its
orbit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||A*ph&aelig;r"e*sis</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Same as <u>Apheresis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*pha"ki*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; seed of a lentil.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
anomalous state of refraction caused by the absence of the crystalline
lens, as after operations for cataract. The remedy is the use of powerful
convex lenses.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*pha"ki*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to aphakia; as, <i>aphakial</i> eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Aph`a*nip"te*ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; invisible (<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to appear) + &?; a wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of wingless insects, of which the flea in
the type. See <u>Flea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph`a*nip"ter*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Aphaniptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph"a*nite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; invisible;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to appear.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A very compact,
dark-colored &?;ock, consisting of hornblende, or pyroxene, and feldspar,
but neither of them in perceptible grains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph`a*nit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Resembling aphanite; having a very fine-grained structure.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||A*pha"si*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>Aph"a*sy</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>aphasia</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; not spoken;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to speak: cf. F. <i>aphasie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Loss of the power of speech, or of the appropriate use of words, the
vocal organs remaining intact, and the intelligence being preserved. It is
dependent on injury or disease of the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pha"sic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
affected by, aphasia; speechless.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*phel"ion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aphelia</b></plw> (&?;). [Gr. &?; + &?; sun.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>That point of a planet's or comet's orbit which is most distant from
the sun, the opposite point being the <i>perihelion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*phe`li*o*trop"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?;
sun + &?; belonging to a turning.] <def>Turning away from the sun; -- said
of leaves, etc.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*phe`li*ot"ro*pism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The habit
of bending from the sunlight; -- said of certain plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*phe"mi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; voice.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Loss of the power of
speaking, while retaining the power of writing; -- a disorder of cerebral
origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pher"e*sis</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aphaeresis</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to take away; &?; + &?; to take.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The dropping of a letter or syllable
from the beginning of a word; <i>e. g</i>., cute for
<i>a</i>cute.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An operation by which any part is
separated from the rest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Aph"e*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a letting go;
&?; + &?; to let go.] <def>The loss of a short unaccented vowel at the
beginning of a word; -- the result of a phonetic process; as, <i>squire</i>
for <i>esquire</i>.</def>  <i>New Eng. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*phet"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; letting go, fr.
&?; to let go.] <def>Shortened by dropping a letter or a syllable from the
beginning of a word; as, an <i>aphetic</i> word or form.</def>  --
<wf>A*phet"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>New Eng. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aph"e*tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An aphetized form
of a word.</def>  <i>New Eng. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aph"e*tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shorten by
aphesis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These words . . . have been <i>aphetized</i>.<BR>
<i>New Eng. Dict.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A"phid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of the genus Aphis; an aphidian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph"i*des</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Aphis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*phid"i*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the family <i>Aphid&aelig;</i>.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the aphides; an aphid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph`i*div"o*rous</hw> (&?;). [<i>Aphis</i> + L. <i>vorare</i> to
devour.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Devouring aphides;
aphidophagous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph`i*doph"a*gous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Aphis</i> +
Gr. &?; to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feeding upon aphides, or plant
lice, as do beetles of the family <i>Coccinellid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph`i*lan"thro*py</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; not
loving man; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to love + &?; man.] <def>Want of love
to mankind; -- the opposite of <i>philanthropy</i>.</def>  <i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A"phis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aphides</b></plw> (&?;). [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
insects belonging to the order Hemiptera and family <i>Aphid&aelig;</i>,
including numerous species known as plant lice and green flies.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Besides the true males and females, there is a race of wingless
asexual individuals which have the power of producing living young in rapid
succession, and these in turn may produce others of the same kind for
several generations, before sexual individuals appear. They suck the sap of
plants by means of a tubular proboscis, and owing to the wonderful rapidity
of their reproduction become very destructive to vegetation. Many of the
<i>Aphid&aelig;</i> excrete honeydew from two tubes near the end of the
body.</p>

<p><hw>A"phis li"on</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva of the
lacewinged flies (<i>Chrysopa</i>), which feeds voraciously upon aphids.
The name is also applied to the larv&aelig; of the ladybugs
(<i>Coccinella</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph`lo*gis"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; not
inflammable; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; set on fire. See <u>Phlogiston</u>.]
<def>Flameless; as, an <i>aphlogistic</i> lamp, in which a coil of wire is
kept in a state of continued ignition by alcohol, without flame.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||A*pho"ni*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>Aph"o*ny</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>aphonia</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; voiceless;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; voice: cf. F. <i>aphonie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Loss of voice or vocal utterance.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*phon"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Aph"o*nous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without voice; voiceless; nonvocal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph"o*rism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>aphorisme</i>,
fr. Gr. &?; definition, a short, pithy sentence, fr. &?; to mark off by
boundaries, to define; &?; from + &?; to separate, part. See
<u>Horizon</u>.] <def>A comprehensive maxim or principle expressed in a few
words; a sharply defined sentence relating to abstract truth rather than to
practical matters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first <i>aphorism</i> of Hippocrates is, "Life is short,
and the art is long."<BR>
<i>Fleming.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Axiom; maxim; adage; proverb; apothegm; saying; saw;
truism; dictum. See <u>Axiom</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Aph`o*ris*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Aph`o*ris"mic</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to aphorisms, or having the form of an
aphorism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph`o*ris"mer</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dealer in
aphorisms.</def> [Used in derogation or contempt.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aph"o*rist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer or utterer of
aphorisms.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Aph`o*ris"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Aph`o*ris"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>In the form of, or of the nature of,
an aphorism; in the form of short, unconnected sentences; as, an
<i>aphoristic</i> style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The method of the book is <i>aphoristic</i>.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Aph`o*ris"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the form or
manner of aphorisms; pithily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph"o*rize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
aphorisms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph"rite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
under <u>Calcite</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Aph`ro*dis"i*ac</hw> (&?;), <hw>Aph`ro*di*si"a*cal</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; pertaining to sensual love, fr. &?;. See
<u>Aphrodite</u>.] <def>Exciting venereal desire; provocative to
venery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph`ro*dis"i*ac</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which (as a
drug, or some kinds of food) excites to venery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph`ro*dis"i*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Pertaining to Aphrodite or Venus. "<i>Aphrodisian</i> dames" [that is,
courtesans].</def>  <i>C. Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Aph`ro*di"te</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Classic Myth.)</i> <def>The Greek goddess of love,
corresponding to the Venus of the Romans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large marine annelid,
covered with long, lustrous, golden, hairlike set&aelig;; the sea
mouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A beautiful butterfly
(<i>Argunnis Aphrodite</i>) of the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph`ro*dit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Venereal.</def>
[R.]  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Aph"tha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sing. of
<u>Aphth&aelig;</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the
whitish specks called aphth&aelig;.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
disease, also called thrush.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Aph"th&aelig;</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?; (mostly in pl. &?;, Hipp.) an eruption, thrush, fr. &?; to set on fire,
inflame.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Roundish pearl-colored specks or flakes in the
mouth, on the lips, etc., terminating in white sloughs. They are commonly
characteristic of thrush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph"thoid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Aphtha</i> + <i>-oid</i>.]
<def>Of the nature of aphth&aelig;; resembling thrush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph"thong</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; silent;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; voice, sound, fr. &?; to sound.] <def>A letter,
or a combination of letters, employed in spelling a word, but in the
pronunciation having no sound.</def>  -- <wf>Aph*thon"gal</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Aph"thous</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>aphtheux</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or caused by, aphth&aelig;; characterized by
apht&aelig;; as, <i>aphthous</i> ulcers; <i>aphthous</i> fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aph"yl*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Destitute of leaves, as the broom
rape, certain euphorbiaceous plants, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`pi*a"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Umbelliferous.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"pi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to
bees.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`pi*a"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to
bees.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"pi*a*rist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who keeps an
apiary.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"pi*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>apiarium</i>, fr.
<i>apis</i> bee.] <def>A place where bees are kept; a stand or shed for
bees; a beehouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>apex</i>,
<i>apicis</i>, tip or summit.] <def>At or belonging to an apex, tip, or
summit.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ap"i*ces</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Apex</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pi"cian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Apicianus</i>.]
<def>Belonging to Apicius, a notorious Roman epicure; hence applied to
whatever is peculiarly refined or dainty and expensive in cookery.</def>
<i>H. Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*pic"u*lar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>apiculus</i>, dim. of
L. <i>apex</i>, <i>apicis</i>.] <def>Situated at, or near, the apex;
apical.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*pic"u*late</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*pic"u*la`ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Apicular</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Terminated
abruptly by a small, distinct point, as a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"i*cul`ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>apis</i>
bee + E. culture.] <def>Rearing of bees for their honey and wax.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*piece"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>piece</i>.] <def>Each by itself; by the single one; to each; as the
share of each; as, these melons cost a shilling <i>apiece</i>.</def> "Fined
. . . a thousand pounds <i>apiece</i>."  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*pie"ces</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In pieces or to
pieces.</def> [Obs.] "Being torn <i>apieces</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*pik"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Trimmed.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Full fresh and new here gear <i>apiked</i> was.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A"pi*ol</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>api</i>um parsley +
<i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An oily liquid derived from
parsley.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`pi*ol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>apis</i> bee
+ <i>-logist</i> (see <u>-logy</u>).] <def>A student of bees.</def> [R.]
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A"pis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., bee.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of insects of the order Hymenoptera,
including the common honeybee (<i>Apis mellifica</i>) and other related
species. See <u>Honeybee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the qualities of
an ape; prone to imitate in a servile manner. Hence: Apelike; fantastically
silly; foppish; affected; trifling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>apish</i> gallantry of a fantastic boy.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an apish manner; with
servile imitation; foppishly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
apish; mimicry; foppery.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pit"pat</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>pitpat</i>.] <def>With quick beating or palpitation; pitapat.</def>
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`la*cen"tal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>placental</i>.] <def>Belonging to the Aplacentata; without
placenta.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap`la*cen*ta"ta</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i>
not + <i>placenta</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Mammals which have no
placenta.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap`la*coph"o*ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; a flat cake + &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of Amphineura in which the body is naked or covered with
slender spines or set&aelig;, but is without shelly plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`la*nat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; disposed to wander, wandering, &?; to wander.] <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>Having two or more parts of different curvatures, so combined as to
remove spherical aberration; -- said of a lens.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aplanatic focus</b></col> of a lens <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the point
or focus from which rays diverging pass the lens without spherical
aberration. In certain forms of lenses there are two such foci; and it is
by taking advantage of this fact that the best aplanatic object glasses of
microscopes are constructed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*plan"a*tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Freedom from
spherical aberration.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*plas"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not +
<i>plastic</i>.] <def>Not plastic or easily molded.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`plomb"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., lit.
perpendicularity; &?; to + <i>plomb</i> lead. See <u>Plumb</u>.]
<def>Assurance of manner or of action; self-possession.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*plot"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; simple + &?; a
cutting.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Simple incision.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*plus"tre</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An ornamental appendage of wood at the ship's
stern, usually spreading like a fan and curved like a bird's feather.</def>
<i>Audsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*plys"i*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a dirty
sponge, fr. &?; unwashed; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to wash.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine mollusks of the order
<i>Tectibranchiata</i>; the sea hare. Some of the species when disturbed
throw out a deep purple liquor, which colors the water to some distance.
See <i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap*neu"mo*na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?;, &?;, a lung.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of holothurians in which the internal respiratory organs are wanting; --
called also <i>Apoda</i> or <i>Apodes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap*n&oelig;"a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?;, &?;, breath, &?; to breathe, blow.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Partial privation or suspension of breath;
suffocation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"o</hw> (&?;). [Gr. &?;. See <u>Ab-</u>.] <def>A prefix from a
Greek preposition. It usually signifies <i>from</i>, <i>away from</i>,
<i>off</i>, or <i>asunder</i>, <i>separate</i>; as, in <i>apo</i>cope (a
cutting <i>off</i>), <i>apo</i>state, <i>apo</i>stle (one sent
<i>away</i>), <i>apo</i>carpous.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*poc"a*lypse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>apocalypsis</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to uncover, to disclose; &?; from +
&?; to cover, conceal: cf. F. <i>apocalypse</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The revelation delivered to St. John, in the isle of Patmos, near the
close of the first century, forming the last book of the New
Testament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything viewed as a revelation; a
disclosure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The new <i>apocalypse</i> of Nature.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*poc`a*lyp"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*poc`a*lyp"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to a revelation, or,
specifically, to the Revelation of St. John; containing, or of the nature
of, a prophetic revelation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Apocalyptic number</b></col>, <cd>the number 666, mentioned in
<i>Rev. xiii. 18.</i> It has been variously interpreted.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 69  !></p>

<p><hw>A*poc`a*lyp"tic</hw>
(&adot;*p&obreve;k`&adot;*l&ibreve;p"t&ibreve;k),
<hw>A*poc`a*lyp"tist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The writer of the
Apocalypse.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*poc`a*lyp"tic*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
revelation; in an apocalyptic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*car"pous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>apo-</i> + Gr.
<grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Either entirely or partially
separate, as the carpels of a compound pistil; -- opposed to
<i>syncarpous</i>.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*poc"o*pate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>apocopatus</i>, p. p. of <i>apocopare</i> to cut off, fr. L.
<i>apocore</i>. See <u>Apocope</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To cut off or
drop; as, to <i>apocopate</i> a word, or the last letter, syllable, or part
of a word.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*poc"o*pate</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*poc"o*pa`ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shortened by apocope; as, an <i>apocopate</i>
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*poc`o*pa"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Shortening by
apocope; the state of being apocopated.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*poc"o*pe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; a cutting
off, fr. &?; to cut off; &?; from + &?; to cut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The cutting off, or omission, of the last letter, syllable, or part of
a word.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cutting off;
abscission.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap`o*cris"i*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <hw>||Ap`o*cris`i*a"ri*us</hw> (&?;),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>apocrisiarius</i>, <i>apocrisarius</i>, fr.
Gr. &?; answer, fr. &?; to answer; &?; from + &?; to separate.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A delegate or deputy; especially, the pope's nuncio or
legate at Constantinople.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*crus"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; able to
drive off, fr. &?; to drive off.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Astringent and
repellent.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An apocrustic
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*poc"ry*pha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>, but often used as
<i>sing</i>. with <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Apocryphas</b></plw> (&?;). [L.
<i>apocryphus</i> apocryphal, Gr. &?; hidden, spurious, fr. &?; to hide;
&?; from + &?; to hide.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something, as a writing,
that is of doubtful authorship or authority; -- formerly used also
adjectively.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specif.: Certain writings which are received by
some Christians as an authentic part of the Holy Scriptures, but are
rejected by others.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Fourteen such writings, or books, formed part of the Septuagint,
but not of the Hebrew canon recognized by the Jews of Palestine. The
Council of Trent included all but three of these in the canon of inspired
books having equal authority. The German and English Reformers grouped them
in their Bibles under the title <i>Apocrypha</i>, as not having dogmatic
authority, but being profitable for instruction. The Apocrypha is now
commonly &?;mitted from the King James's Bible.</p>

<p><hw>A*poc"ry*phal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to the Apocrypha.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not canonical. Hence: Of doubtful authority;
equivocal; mythic; fictitious; spurious; false.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The passages . . . are, however, in part from
<i>apocryphal</i> or fictitious works.<BR>
<i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*poc"ry*phal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who believes
in, or defends, the Apocrypha.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*poc"ry*phal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an apocryphal
manner; mythically; not indisputably.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*poc"ry*phal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being apocryphal; doubtfulness of credit or genuineness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*poc`y*na"ceous</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap`o*cyn"e*ous</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dogbane; &?; from + &?; dog.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Belonging to, or resembling, a family of plants, of which the dogbane
(<i>Apocynum</i>) is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*poc"y*nin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Apocynum</i>,
the generic name of dogbane.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter principle
obtained from the dogbane (<i>Apocynum cannabinum</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap"od</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap"o*dal</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Apod</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without
feet; footless.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Destitute of the ventral
fin, as the eels.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap"od</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap"ode</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Apods</b></plw> (&?;) or <plw><b>Apodes</b></plw> (&?;).
[Gr. &?;, &?;, footless; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?;, &?;, foot.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of certain animals that have no feet or
footlike organs; esp. one of certain fabulous birds which were said to have
no feet.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The bird of paradise formerly had the name <i>Paradisea
apoda</i>, being supposed to have no feet, as these were wanting in the
specimens first obtained from the East Indies.</p>

<p><hw>||Ap"o*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;. See <u>Apod</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A group of cirripeds, destitute of footlike
organs.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An order of Amphibia without feet.
See <u>Ophiomorpha</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A group of worms
without appendages, as the leech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"o*dan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Apodal.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap"o*deic"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap`o*dic"tic</hw> (&?;),
<hw>Ap`o*deic"tic*al</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap`o*dic"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>apodicticus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to point out,
to show by argument; &?; from + &?; to show.] <def>Self-evident;
intuitively true; evident beyond contradiction.</def>  <i>Brougham. Sir Wm.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*deic"tic*al*ly</hw>, <hw>Ap`o*dic"tic*al*ly</hw>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to be evident beyond
contradiction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"o*deme</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>apo-</i> + Gr.
&?; body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the processes of the shell which
project inwards and unite with one another, in the thorax of many
Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap"o*des</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., masc. pl. See
<u>Apoda</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An order of
fishes without ventral fins, including the eels.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A group of holothurians destitute of suckers. See
<u>Apneumona</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*dic"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Apodeictic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap`o*dix"is</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?;.] <def>Full demonstration.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*pod"o*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to give back; &?; from, back again + &?; to give.] <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>The consequent clause or conclusion in a conditional sentence,
expressing the <i>result</i>, and thus distinguished from the
<i>protasis</i> or clause which expresses a <i>condition</i>. Thus, in the
sentence, "Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him," the former clause
is the <i>protasis</i>, and the latter the <i>apodosis</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some grammarians extend the terms <i>protasis</i> and
<i>apodosis</i> to the introductory clause and the concluding clause, even
when the sentence is not conditional.</p>

<p><hw>Ap"o*dous</hw> (&?;)(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Apodal; apod.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*pod`y*te"ri*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to strip one's self.] <i>(Anc. Arch.)</i> <def>The apartment
at the entrance of the baths, or in the palestra, where one stripped; a
dressing room.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*ga"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; far from the
earth.] <def>Apogean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*gam"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
apogamy.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pog"a*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>apo-</i> + Gr.
&?; marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The formation of a bud in place of a
fertilized ovule or o&ouml;spore.</def>  <i>De Bary.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*ge"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>Apogean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*ge"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Connected with the
apogee; as, <i>apogean</i> (neap) tides, which occur when the moon has
passed her apogee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"o*gee</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; from the earth;
&?; from + &?;, &?;, earth: cf. F. <i>apog&eacute;e</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>That point in the orbit of the
moon which is at the greatest distance from the earth.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly, on the hypothesis that the earth is in the center of
the system, this name was given to that point in the orbit of the sun, or
of a planet, which was supposed to be at the greatest distance from the
earth.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The farthest or highest point;
culmination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*ge`o*trop"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>apo-
</i> + Gr. &?; earth + &?; turning.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bending away from
the ground; -- said of leaves, etc.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"o*ge*ot"ro*pism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
apogeotropic tendency of some leaves, and other parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"o*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; from + &?;
to write: cf. F. <i>apographe</i>.] <def>A copy or transcript.</def>
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*hy"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>apo-</i> + the
Gr. letter Y.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a portion of the
horn of the hyoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*poise"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>poise</i>.] <def>Balanced.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*po"lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>polar</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having no radiating processes; --
applied particularly to certain nerve cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*laus"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
enjoy.] <def>Devoted to enjoyment.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pol`li*na"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Apollinaris</i>, fr. <i>Apollo</i>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>In honor
of Apollo; as, the <i>Apollinarian</i> games.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pol`li*na"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>A follower of Apollinaris, Bishop of Laodicea in the fourth century,
who denied the proper humanity of Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pol`li*na"ris wa"ter</hw> (&?;). <def>An effervescing alkaline
mineral water used as a table beverage. It is obtained from a spring in
Apollinarisburg, near Bonn.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pol"lo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Apollo</i>, <i>-
linis</i>, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Classic Myth.)</i> <def>A deity among the Greeks
and Romans. He was the god of light and day (the "sun god"), of archery,
prophecy, medicine, poetry, and music, etc., and was represented as the
model of manly grace and beauty; -- called also
<i>Ph&eacute;bus</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Apollo Belvedere</b></col>, <cd>a celebrated statue of
Apollo in the Belvedere gallery of the Vatican palace at Rome, esteemed of
the noblest representations of the human frame.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ap`ol*lo"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap`ol*lon"ic</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling,
Apollo.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pol"ly*on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; destroying,
fr. &?;, &?;, to destroy utterly; &?; from, entirely + &?; to destroy.]
<def>The Destroyer; -- a name used <i>(Rev. ix. 11)</i> for the angel of
the bottomless pit, answering to the Hebrew <i>Abaddon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pol"o*ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A teller of
apologues.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>A*pol`o*get"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*pol`o*get"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to speak in defense of; &?; from +
&?; speech, &?; to say, to speak. See <u>Logic</u>.] <def>Defending by
words or arguments; said or written in defense, or by way of apology;
regretfully excusing; as, an <i>apologetic</i> essay.</def> "To speak in a
subdued and <i>apologetic</i> tone."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*pol`o*get"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
apology.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pol`o*get"ics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That branch of
theology which defends the Holy Scriptures, and sets forth the evidence of
their divine authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>apologiste</i>.] <def>One who makes an apology; one who speaks or writes
in defense of a faith, a cause, or an institution; especially, one who
argues in defense of Christianity.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pol"o*gize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Apologized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Apologizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>apologiser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make an apology or defense.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make an apology or excuse; to make
acknowledgment of some fault or offense, with expression of regret for it,
by way of amends; -- with <i>for</i>; <i>as</i>, my correspondent
<i>apologized</i> for not answering my letter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>apologize</i> for his insolent language.<BR>
<i>Froude.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*pol"o*gize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To defend.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Christians . . . were <i>apologized</i> by Plinie.<BR>
<i>Dr. G. Benson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*pol"o*gi`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
an apology; an apologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"o*logue</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>apologous</i>,
Gr. &?;; &?; from + &?; speech, &?; to speak: cf. F. <i>apologue</i>.]
<def>A story or relation of fictitious events, intended to convey some
moral truth; a moral fable.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An <i>apologue</i> differs from a <i>parable</i> in this;: the
parable is drawn from events which take place among mankind, and therefore
requires probability in the narrative; the <i>apologue</i> is founded on
supposed actions of brutes or inanimate things, and therefore is not
limited by strict rules of probability. &AElig;sop's fables are good
examples of <i>apologues</i>.</p>

<p><hw>A*pol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Apologies</b></plw>. [L. <i>apologia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; from + &?;:
cf. F. <i>apologie</i>. See <u>Apologetic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something said or written in defense or justification of what appears
to others wrong, or of what may be liable to disapprobation; justification;
as, Tertullian's <i>Apology</i> for Christianity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not my intention to make an <i>apology</i> for my
poem; some will think it needs no excuse, and others will receive none.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An acknowledgment intended as an atonement for
some improper or injurious remark or act; an admission to another of a
wrong or discourtesy done him, accompanied by an expression of
regret.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything provided as a substitute; a
makeshift.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He goes to work devising <i>apologies</i> for window
curtains.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Excuse</u>.  An <i>apology</i>, in the original sense
of the word, was a <i>pleading off</i> from some charge or imputation, by
explaining and defending one's principles or conduct. It therefore amounted
to a vindication. One who offers an <i>apology</i>, admits himself to have
been, at least apparently, in the wrong, but brings forward some palliating
circumstance, or tenders a frank acknowledgment, by way of reparation. We
make an <i>apology</i> for some breach of propriety or decorum (like rude
expressions, unbecoming conduct, etc.), or some deficiency in what might be
reasonably expected. We offer an <i>excuse</i> when we have been guilty of
some breach or neglect of duty; and we do it by way of extenuating our
fault, and with a view to be forgiven. When an <i>excuse</i> has been
accepted, <i>an apology</i> may still, in some cases, be necessary or
appropriate. "An <i>excuse</i> is not grounded on the claim of innocence,
but is rather an appeal for favor resting on some collateral circumstance.
An <i>apology</i> mostly respects the conduct of individuals toward each
other as equals; it is a voluntary act produced by feelings of decorum, or
a desire for the good opinion of others."  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*pol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To offer an
apology.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For which he can not well <i>apology</i>.<BR>
<i>J. Webster.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*me*com"e*ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument for
measuring the height of objects.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*me*com"e*try</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>apo-</i> +
Gr. &?; length + <i>-metry</i>.] <def>The art of measuring the distance of
objects afar off.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ap`o*mor"phi*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap`o*mor"phine</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>apo-</i> + <i>morphia</i>, <i>morphine</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline alkaloid obtained from morphia. It is a
powerful emetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap`o*neu*ro"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aponeuroses</b></plw> (&?;). [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to pass into a
tendon; &?; from + &?; to strain the sinews, &?; sinew, tendon, nerve.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Any one of the thicker and denser of the deep
fasci&aelig; which cover, invest, and the terminations and attachments of,
many muscles. They often differ from tendons only in being flat and thin.
See <u>Fascia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*neu*rot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to an aponeurosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*neu*rot"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Aponeurosis</i> + Gr. &?; a cutting.] <def>Dissection of
aponeuroses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*pemp"tic</hw> (-p&ebreve;mp"t&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>'apopemptiko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>'apope`mpein</grk> to send off or
away; <grk>'apo`</grk> from + <grk>pe`mpein</grk> to send.] <def>Sung or
addressed to one departing; valedictory; as, <i>apopemptic</i> songs or
hymns.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>||A*poph"a*sis</hw> (&adot;*p&obreve;f"&adot;*s&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.  <grk>'apo`fasis</grk> denial, fr.
<grk>'apofa`nai</grk> to speak out, to deny.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure
by which a speaker formally declines to take notice of a favorable point,
but in such a manner as to produce the effect desired. [For example, see
Mark Antony's oration. <i>Shak., Julius C&aelig;sar, iii. 2.</i>]</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*phleg*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
from + &?; full of phlegm. See <u>Phlegmatic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Designed to facilitate discharges of phlegm or mucus from mouth or
nostrils.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An apophlegmatic
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*phleg"ma*tism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, Galen.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The action of
apophlegmatics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An apophlegmatic.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*phleg*mat"i*zant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An apophlegmatic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap`oph*thegm</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Apothegm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`oph*theg*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap`oph*theg*mat"ic*al</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Apothegmatic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*poph"y*ge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'apofygh`</grk> escape, in arch. the curve with which the shaft
escapes into its base or capital, fr. <grk>'apofey`gein</grk> to flee away;
<grk>'apo`</grk> from + <grk>fey`gein</grk> to flee: cf. F.
<i>apophyge</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The small hollow curvature given to
the top or bottom of the shaft of a column where it expands to meet the
edge of the fillet; -- called also the <i>scape</i>.</def>
<i>Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*poph"yl*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>apo-</i> +
Gr. &?; leaf; so called from its foliated structure or easy cleavage.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral relating to the zeolites, usually occurring in
square prisms or octahedrons with pearly luster on the cleavage surface. It
is a hydrous silicate of calcium and potassium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*poph"y*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ses</b></plw>. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; offshoot, process of a bone, fr.
&?; to grow from; &?; from + &?;, &?;, to grow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A marked prominence or process on any part of a
bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An enlargement at the top of a
pedicel or stem, as seen in certain mosses.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap`o*plec"tic</hw> (&?;)(#) <hw>Ap`o*plec"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>apoplecticus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>apoplectique</i>. See <u>Apoplexy</u>.] <def>Relating to apoplexy;
affected with, inclined to, or symptomatic of, apoplexy; as, an
<i>apoplectic</i> person, medicine, habit or temperament, symptom, fit, or
stroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*plec"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One liable to, or
affected with, apoplexy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*plec"ti*form</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap`o*plec"toid</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Apoplectic</i> + <i>-form</i>, <i>-oid</i>.]
<def>Resembling apoplexy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"o*plex</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Apoplexy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*plexed</hw> (-pl&ebreve;kst), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Affected with apoplexy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 70  !></p>

<p><hw>Ap"o*plex`y</hw> (&abreve;p"&osl;*pl&ebreve;ks`&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>poplexye</i>, LL. <i>poplexia</i>,
<i>apoplexia</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>'apoplhxi`a</grk>, fr.
<grk>'apoplh`ssein</grk> to cripple by a stroke; <grk>'apo`</grk> from +
<grk>plh`ssein</grk> to strike: cf. F. <i>apoplexie</i>. See
<u>Plague</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Sudden diminution or loss of
consciousness, sensation, and voluntary motion, usually caused by pressure
on the brain.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is now usually limited to <i>cerebral apoplexy</i>, or
loss of consciousness due to effusion of blood or other lesion within the
substance of the brain; but it is sometimes extended to denote an effusion
of blood into the substance of any organ; as, <i>apoplexy</i> of the
lung.</p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*ret"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Aporia</u>.] <def>Doubting; skeptical.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*po"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aporias</b></plw> (&?;). [L., doubt, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; without
passage, at a loss; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; passage.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<def>A figure in which the speaker professes to be at a loss what course to
pursue, where to begin to end, what to say, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap`o*ro"sa</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.
See <u>Aporia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of corals in which the
coral is not porous; -- opposed to <i>Perforata</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*rose"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Without pores.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*port"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>port</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>On or towards the port or left side; --
said of the helm.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap`o*si`o*pe"sis</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, from &?; to be quite silent.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure of speech
in which the speaker breaks off suddenly, as if unwilling or unable to
state what was in his mind; as, "I declare to you that his conduct -- but I
can not speak of <i>that</i>, here."</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*sit"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; from + &?;
food.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Destroying the appetite, or suspending
hunger.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pos"ta*sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Apostasies</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>apostasie</i>, F.
<i>apostasie</i>, L. <i>apostasia</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a standing off from, a
defection, fr. &?; to stand off, revolt; &?; from + &?; to stand. See
<u>Off</u> and <u>Stand</u>.] <def>An abandonment of what one has
voluntarily professed; a total desertion of departure from one's faith,
principles, or party; esp., the renunciation of a religious faith; as,
Julian's <i>apostasy</i> from Christianity.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pos"tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>apostata</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?;. See <u>Apostasy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who has
forsaken the faith, principles, or party, to which he before adhered; esp.,
one who has forsaken his religion for another; a pervert; a
renegade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One who, after having
received sacred orders, renounces his clerical profession.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pos"tate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
characterized by, apostasy; faithless to moral allegiance;
renegade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake the <i>apostate</i> angel.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A wretched and <i>apostate</i> state.<BR>
<i>Steele.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*pos"tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>apostatare</i>.]
<def>To apostatize.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We are not of them which <i>apostate</i> from Christ.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*stat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>apostaticus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Apostatical.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*stat"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Apostate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An heretical and <i>apostatical</i> church.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*pos"ta*tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Apostatized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Apostatizing</u>.] [LL. <i>apostatizare</i>.] <def>To renounce totally a
religious belief once professed; to forsake one's church, the faith or
principles once held, or the party to which one has previously
adhered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>apostatized</i> from his old faith in facts, took to
believing in &?;emblances.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*pos"te*mate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Aposteme</u>.] <def>To form an abscess; to swell and fill with
pus.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*pos`te*ma"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>apostematio</i>: cf. F. <i>apost&eacute;mation</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The formation of an aposteme; the process of suppuration.</def>
[Written corruptly <i>imposthumation</i>.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`os*tem"a*tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or partaking of the nature of, an aposteme.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"os*teme</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>apostema</i>, Gr.
&?; the separation of corrupt matter into an ulcer, fr. &?; to stand off:
cf. F. <i>apost&egrave;me</i>. See <u>Apostasy</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
abscess; a swelling filled with purulent matter.</def> [Written corruptly
<i>imposthume</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||A` pos*te`ri*o"ri</hw> (&?;). [L. <i>a</i> (<i>ab</i>) +
<i>posterior</i> latter.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>Characterizing that kind of reasoning which derives propositions from
the observation of facts, or by generalizations from facts arrives at
principles and definitions, or infers causes from effects. This is the
reverse of <i>a priori</i> reasoning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>Applied to knowledge which is
based upon or derived from facts through induction or experiment; inductive
or empirical.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*pos"til</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*pos"tille</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>apostille</i>. See <u>Postil</u>.] <def>A
marginal note on a letter or other paper; an annotation.</def>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*pos"tle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>apostle</i>,
<i>apostel</i>, <i>postle</i>, AS. <i>apostol</i>, L. <i>apostolus</i>, fr.
Gr. &?; messenger, one sent forth or away, fr. &?; to send off or away; &?;
from + &?; to send; akin to G. <i>stellen</i> to set, E. <i>stall</i>: cf.
F. <i>ap&ocirc;tre</i>, Of. <i>apostre</i>, <i>apostle</i>,
<i>apostele</i>, <i>apostole</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Literally: One
sent forth; a messenger. Specifically: One of the twelve disciples of
Christ, specially chosen as his companions and witnesses, and sent forth to
preach the gospel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He called unto him his disciples, and of them he chose
twelve, whom also he named <i>apostles</i>.<BR>
<i>Luke vi. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The title of <i>apostle</i> is also applied to others, who,
though not of the number of the Twelve, yet were equal with them in office
and dignity; as, "Paul, called to be an <i>apostle</i> of Jesus Christ."
<i>1 Cor. i. 1.</i>  In <i>Heb. iii. 1</i>, the name is given to Christ
himself, as having been sent from heaven to publish the gospel. In the
primitive church, other ministers were called <i>apostles</i> <i>(Rom. xvi.
7).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The missionary who first plants the Christian
faith in any part of the world; also, one who initiates any great moral
reform, or first advocates any important belief; one who has extraordinary
success as a missionary or reformer; as, Dionysius of Corinth is called the
<i>apostle</i> of France, John Eliot the <i>apostle</i> to the Indians,
Theobald Mathew the <i>apostle</i> of temperance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Civ. &amp; Admiralty Law)</i> <def>A brief letter
dimissory sent by a court appealed from to the superior court, stating the
case, etc.; a paper sent up on appeals in the admiralty courts.</def>
<i>Wharton. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Apostles' creed</b></col>, <cd>a creed of unknown origin, which
was formerly ascribed to the apostles. It certainly dates back to the
beginning of the sixth century, and some assert that it can be found in the
writings of Ambrose in the fourth century.</cd> -- <col><b>Apostle
spoon</b></col> <i>(Antiq.)</i>, <cd>a spoon of silver, with the handle
terminating in the figure of an apostle. One or more were offered by
sponsors at baptism as a present to the godchild.</cd>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*pos"tle*ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
dignity of an apostle.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pos"to*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>apostolatus</i>, fr. <i>apostolus</i>. See <u>Apostle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The dignity, office, or mission, of an apostle;
apostleship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Judas had miscarried and lost his <i>apostolate</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dignity or office of the pope, as the holder
of the apostolic see.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap`os*tol"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap`os*tol"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>apostolicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>apostolique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to an apostle, or
to the apostles, their times, or their peculiar spirit; as, an
<i>apostolical</i> mission; the <i>apostolic</i> age.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to the doctrines of the apostles;
delivered or taught by the apostles; as, <i>apostolic</i> faith or
practice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the pope or the papacy;
papal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Apostolical brief</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Brief</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Apostolic canons</b></col>, <cd>a collection of rules and precepts
relating to the duty of Christians, and particularly to the ceremonies and
discipline of the church in the second and third centuries.</cd> --
<col><b>Apostolic church</b></col>, <cd>the Christian church; -- so called
on account of its apostolic foundation, doctrine, and order. The churches
of Rome, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem were called <i>apostolic
churches</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Apostolic constitutions</b></col>,
<cd>directions of a nature similar to the <i>apostolic canons</i>, and
perhaps compiled by the same authors or author.</cd> -- <col><b>Apostolic
fathers</b></col>, <cd>early Christian writers, who were born in the first
century, and thus touched on the age of the apostles. They were Polycarp,
Clement, Ignatius, and Hermas; to these Barnabas has sometimes been
added.</cd> -- <col><b>Apostolic king</b></col> (or
<col><b>majesty</b></col>), <cd>a title granted by the pope to the kings of
Hungary on account of the extensive propagation of Christianity by St.
Stephen, the founder of the royal line. It is now a title of the emperor of
Austria in right of the throne of Hungary.</cd> -- <col><b>Apostolic
see</b></col>, <cd>a see founded and governed by an apostle; specifically,
the Church of Rome; -- so called because, in the Roman Catholic belief, the
pope is the successor of St. Peter, the prince of the apostles, and the
only apostle who has successors in the apostolic office.</cd> --
<col><b>Apostolical succession</b></col>, <cd>the regular and uninterrupted
transmission of ministerial authority by a succession of bishops from the
apostles to any subsequent period.</cd>  <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`os*tol"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>apostolicus</i>.]
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A member of one of certain ascetic sects which at
various times professed to imitate the practice of the apostles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`os*tol"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an apostolic
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`os*tol"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Apostolicity.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap`os*tol"i*cism</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*pos`to*lic"i*ty</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality of being
apostolical.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pos"tro*phe</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [(1) L., fr. Gr. &?;
a turning away, fr. &?; to turn away; &?; from + &?; to turn. (2) F., fr.
L. <i>apostrophus</i> apostrophe, the turning away or omitting of a letter,
Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure of speech by
which the orator or writer suddenly breaks off from the previous method of
his discourse, and addresses, in the second person, some person or thing,
absent or present; as, Milton's <i>apostrophe</i> to Light at the beginning
of the third book of "Paradise Lost."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The contraction of a word by the
omission of a letter or letters, which omission is marked by the character
['] placed where the letter or letters would have been; as, <i>call'd</i>
for <i>called</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The mark ['] used to denote that a word is
contracted (as in <i>ne'er</i> for never, <i>can't</i> for can not), and as
a sign of the possessive, singular and plural; as, a boy's hat, boys' hats.
In the latter use it originally marked the omission of the letter
<i>e</i>.</def></p>

<p>The apostrophe is used to mark the plural of figures and letters; as,
two 10's and three a's. It is also employed to mark the close of a
quotation.</p>

<p><hw>Ap`os*troph"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
an apostrophe, grammatical or rhetorical.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pos"tro*phize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Apostrophized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Apostrophizing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To address by
apostrophe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contract by omitting a letter or letters;
also, to mark with an apostrophe (') or apostrophes.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pos"tro*phize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use the
rhetorical figure called <i>apostrophe</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"os*tume</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Aposteme</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*tac"tite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. pl.
<i>apotactitae</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; set apart; &?; from + &?; to arrange,
ordain.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect of ancient Christians,
who, in supposed imitation of the first believers, renounced all their
possessions.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pot"e*lesm</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Apotelesmatic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The result or issue.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The calculation and explanation
of a nativity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*tel`es*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; effect of the stars on human destiny, fr. &?; to complete; &?; from +
&?; to end, &?; end.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the casting of
horoscopes.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to an issue of fulfillment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this way a passage in the Old Testament may have, or
rather comprise, an <i>apotelesmatic</i> sense, <i>i. e.</i>, one of after
or final accomplishment.<BR>
<i>M. Stuart.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*poth"e*ca*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Apothecaries</b></plw>. [OE. <i>apotecarie</i>, fr. LL.
<i>apothecarius</i>, fr. L. <i>apotheca</i> storehouse, Gr. <grk>apo</grk>,
fr. &?; to put away; &?; from + &?; to put: cf. F. <i>apothicaire</i>, OF.
<i>apotecaire</i>. See <u>Thesis</u>.] <def>One who prepares and sells
drugs or compounds for medicinal purposes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England an apothecary is one of a privileged class of
practitioners -- a kind of sub-physician. The surgeon apothecary is the
ordinary family medical attendant. One who sells drugs and makes up
prescriptions is now commonly called in England a druggist or a
pharmaceutical chemist.</p>

<p><col><b>Apothecaries' weight</b></col>, <cd>the system of weights by
which medical prescriptions were formerly compounded. The pound and ounce
are the same as in Troy weight; they differ only in the manner of
subdivision. The ounce is divided into 8 drams, 24 scruples, 480 grains.
See <u>Troy weight</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Apo`*the"ci*um</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Apothecia</b></plw> (&?;). [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The ascigerous
fructification of lichens, forming masses of various shapes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap"o*thegm</hw>, <hw>Ap"oph*thegm</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'apo`fqegma</grk> thing uttered, apothegm,
from <grk>'apofqe`ggesqai</grk> to speak out; <grk>'apo`</grk> from +
<grk>fqe`ggesqai</grk> to speak.] <def>A short, pithy, and instructive
saying; a terse remark, conveying some important truth; a sententious
precept or maxim.</def> [<i>Apothegm</i> is now the prevalent spelling in
the United States.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap`o*theg*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap`o*theg*mat"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'apofqegmatiko`s</grk>.] <def>Pertaining to,
or in the manner of, an apothegm; sententious; pithy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*theg"ma*tist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A collector
or maker of apothegms.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*theg"ma*tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter
apothegms, or short and sententious sayings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"o*them</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?; that which
is placed, &?; to place.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The
perpendicular from the center to one of the sides of a regular
polygon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A deposit formed in a liquid extract of a
vegetable substance by exposure to the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*the"o*sis</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<plw><b>Apotheoses</b></plw> (&?;). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to deify; &?;
from + &?; to deify, &?; a god.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
elevating a mortal to the rank of, and placing him among, "the gods;"
deification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Glorification; exaltation.</def>   "The
<i>apotheosis</i> of chivalry." <i>Prescott.</i> "The noisy
<i>apotheosis</i> of liberty and machinery." <i>F. Harrison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*the"o*size</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exalt to
the dignity of a deity; to declare to be a god; to deify; to
glorify.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*poth"e*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a putting
back or away, fr. &?;. See <u>Apothecary</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A place on the south side of the chancel in the
primitive churches, furnished with shelves, for books, vestments,
etc.</def> <i>Weale.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A dressing room connected
with a public bath.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*pot"o*me</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a cutting
off, fr. &?; to cut off; &?; from + &?; to cut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>The difference between two quantities commensurable
only in power, as between &radic;2 and 1, or between the diagonal and side
of a square.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus)</i> <def>The remaining part of a whole tone
after a smaller semitone has been deducted from it; a major semitone.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap"o*zem</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>apozema</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to extract by boiling; &?; from + &?; boil.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A decoction or infusion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*zem"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or resembling, a decoction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Whitaker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pair"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>empeirier</i>, F. <i>empire</i>. See <u>Impair</u>.] <def>To impair; to
grow worse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap`pa*la"chi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a chain of mountains in the United States, commonly called
the <i>Allegheny</i> mountains.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name <i>Appalachian</i> was given to the mountains by the
Spaniards under De Soto, who derived it from the neighboring Indians.
<i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pall"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Appalled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Appalling</u>.] [OF. <i>appalir</i> to grow pale, make pale; <i>a</i>
(L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>p&acirc;lir</i> to grow pale, to make pale,
<i>p&acirc;le</i> pale. See Pale, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Pall</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make pale; to blanch.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The answer that ye made to me, my dear, . . . <BR>
Hath so <i>appalled</i> my countenance.<BR>
<i>Wyatt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To weaken; to enfeeble; to reduce; as, an old
<i>appalled</i> wight.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wine, of its own nature, will not congeal and freeze, only
it will lose the strength, and become <i>appalled</i> in extremity of
cold.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To depress or discourage with fear; to impress
with fear in such a manner that the mind shrinks, or loses its firmness; to
overcome with sudden terror or horror; to dismay; as, the sight
<i>appalled</i> the stoutest heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The house of peers was somewhat <i>appalled</i> at this
alarum.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dismay; terrify; daunt; frighten; affright; scare;
depress. See <u>Dismay</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pall"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
grow faint; to become weak; to become dismayed or discouraged.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lose flavor or become stale.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pall"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Terror; dismay.</def>
[Poet.]  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pall"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as to appall; as,
an <i>appalling</i> accident.</def>  -- <wf>Ap*pall"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pall"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Depression
occasioned by terror; dismay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pa*nage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>apanage</i>, fr.
OF. <i>apaner</i> to nourish, support, fr. LL. <i>apanare</i> to furnish
with bread, to provision; L. <i>ad</i> + <i>pains</i> bread.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The portion of land assigned by a sovereign prince
for the subsistence of his younger sons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dependency; a dependent territory.</def></p>

<p><! p. 71  !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which belongs to one by custom or right; a
natural adjunct or accompaniment.</def> "Wealth . . . the <i>appanage</i>
of wit."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pan"a*gist</hw> (&abreve;p*p&abreve;n"&adot;*j&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>apanagiste</i>.] <def>A prince to whom an
appanage has been granted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*par"ail*lyng</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Apparel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<def>Preparation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pa*ratus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Apparatus</b></plw>, also rarely <plw><b>Apparatuses</b></plw>
(&?;). [L., from <i>apparare</i>, <i>apparatum</i>, to prepare; <i>ad</i> +
<i>prepare</i> to make ready.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Things provided as
means to some end.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A full collection or set of implements,
or utensils, for a given duty, experimental or operative; any complex
instrument or appliance, mechanical or chemical, for a specific action or
operation; machinery; mechanism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A collection of organs all of
which unite in a common function; as, the respiratory
<i>apparatus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*par"el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>apparel</i>,
<i>apareil</i>, OF. <i>apareil</i>, <i>appareil</i>, preparation,
provision, furniture, OF. <i>apareiller</i> to match, prepare, F.
<i>appareiller</i>; OF. <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>pareil</i> like,
similar, fr. LL. <i>pariculus</i>, dim. of L. <i>par</i> equal. See
<u>Pair</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>External clothing; vesture; garments;
dress; garb; external habiliments or array.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fresh in his new <i>apparel</i>, proud and young.<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>At public devotion his resigned carriage made religion
appear in the natural <i>apparel</i> of simplicity.<BR>
<i>Tatler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small ornamental piece of embroidery worn on
albs and some other ecclesiastical vestments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The furniture of a ship, as
masts, sails, rigging, anchors, guns, etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dress; clothing; vesture; garments; raiment; garb;
costume; attire; habiliments.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*par"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Appareled</u>, or <u>Apparelled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Appareling</u>, or <u>Apparelling</u>.] [OF.
<i>apareiller</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make or get (something)
ready; to prepare.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with apparatus; to equip; to fit
out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ships . . . <i>appareled</i> to fight.<BR>
<i>Hayward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To dress or clothe; to attire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They which are gorgeously <i>appareled</i>, and live
delicately, are in kings' courts.<BR>
<i>Luke vii. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dress with external ornaments; to cover with
something ornamental; to deck; to embellish; as, trees <i>appareled</i>
with flowers, or a garden with verdure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Appareled</i> in celestial light.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*par"ence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>aparence</i>.]
<def>Appearance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*par"en*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Appearance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apparentness; state of being apparent.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The position of being heir apparent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*par"ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>apparent</i>, L.
<i>apparens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>apparere</i>. See
<u>Appear</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being seen, or easily
seen; open to view; visible to the eye; within sight or view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moon . . . <i>apparent</i> queen.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Clear or manifest to the understanding; plain;
evident; obvious; known; palpable; indubitable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>apparent</i> foul play.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appearing to the eye or mind (distinguished
from, but not necessarily opposed to, <i>true</i> or <i>real</i>); seeming;
as the <i>apparent</i> motion or diameter of the sun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To live on terms of civility, and even of <i>apparent</i>
friendship.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What Berkeley calls visible magnitude was by astronomers
called <i>apparent</i> magnitude.<BR>
<i>Reid.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Apparent horizon</b></col>, <cd>the circle which in a level
plain bounds our view, and is formed by the apparent meeting of the earth
and heavens, as distinguished from the <i>rational</i> horizon.</cd> --
<col><b>Apparent time</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Time</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Heir
apparent</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one whose to an estate is indefeasible
if he survives the ancestor; -- in distinction from <i>presumptive
heir</i>. See <u>Presumptive</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Visible; distinct; plain; obvious; clear; certain;
evident; manifest; indubitable; notorious.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*par"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An heir apparent.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll draw it [the sword] as <i>apparent</i> to the
crown.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*par"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Visibly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plainly; clearly; manifestly;
evidently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he should scorn me so <i>apparently</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Seemingly; in appearance; as, a man may be
<i>apparently</i> friendly, yet malicious in heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*par"ent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Plainness to the eye
or the mind; visibleness; obviousness.</def> [R.]  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pa*ri"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>apparition</i>, L. <i>apparitio</i>, fr. <i>apparere</i>. See
<u>Appear</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of becoming visible;
appearance; visibility.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sudden <i>apparition</i> of the Spaniards.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>apparition</i> of Lawyer Clippurse occasioned much
speculation in that portion of the world.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing appearing; a visible object; a
form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which <i>apparition</i>, it seems, was you.<BR>
<i>Tatler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An unexpected, wonderful, or preternatural
appearance; a ghost; a specter; a phantom.</def> "The heavenly bands . . .
a glorious <i>apparition</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I think it is the weakness of mine eyes<BR>
That shapes this monstrous <i>apparition</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The first appearance of a star
or other luminary after having been invisible or obscured; -- opposed to
<i>occultation</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Circle of perpetual apparition</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Circle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pa*ri"tion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
an apparition or to apparitions; spectral.</def> "An <i>apparitional</i>
soul."  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*par"i*tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>apparere</i>. See <u>Appear</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, an
officer who attended magistrates and judges to execute their
orders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before any of his <i>apparitors</i> could execute the
sentence, he was himself summoned away by a sterner <i>apparitor</i> to the
other world.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A messenger or officer who serves
the process of an ecclesiastical court.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ap`pau`m&eacute;"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>appaum&eacute;</i>; <i>&?;</i> (l. <i>ad</i>) + <i>paume</i> the palm,
fr. L. <i>palma</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A hand open and extended so as to
show the palm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pay"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>appayer</i>,
<i>apaier</i>, LL. <i>appacare</i>, <i>appagare</i>, fr. L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>pacare</i> to pacify, <i>pax</i>, <i>pacis</i>, peace. See <u>Pay</u>,
<u>Appease</u>.] <def>To pay; to satisfy or appease.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*peach"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>apechen</i>,
for <i>empechen</i>, OF. <i>empeechier</i>, F. <i>emp&ecirc;cher</i>, to
hinder. See <u>Impeach</u>.] <def>To impeach; to accuse; to asperse; to
inform against; to reproach.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And oft of error did himself <i>appeach</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*peach"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An accuser.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*peach"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Accusation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*peal"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Appealed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Appealing</u>.] [OE. <i>appelen</i>, <i>apelen</i>, to appeal, accuse,
OF. <i>appeler</i>, fr. L. <i>appellare</i> to approach, address, invoke,
summon, call, name; akin to <i>appellere</i> to drive to; <i>ad</i> +
<i>pellere</i> to drive. See <u>Pulse</u>, and cf. <u>Peal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To make
application for the removal of (a cause) from an inferior to a superior
judge or court for a rehearing or review on account of alleged injustice or
illegality in the trial below. We say, the cause <i>was appealed</i> from
an inferior court.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To charge with a crime;
to accuse; to institute a private criminal prosecution against for some
heinous crime; as, to <i>appeal</i> a person of felony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To summon; to challenge.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Man to man will I <i>appeal</i> the Norman to the lists.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To invoke.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*peal"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>To apply for the removal of a cause from an inferior to a
superior judge or court for the purpose of re&euml;xamination of for
decision.</def>  <i>Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>appeal</i> unto C&aelig;sar.<BR>
<i>Acts xxv. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To call upon another to decide a question
controverted, to corroborate a statement, to vindicate one's rights, etc.;
as, I <i>appeal</i> to all mankind for the truth of what is alleged. Hence:
To call on one for aid; to make earnest request.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>appeal</i> to the Scriptures in the original.<BR>
<i>Horsley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>appealed</i> to the sword.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*peal"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>appel</i>, <i>apel</i>,
OF. <i>apel</i>, F. <i>appel</i>, fr. <i>appeler</i>. See <u>Appeal</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An application for the removal of a cause or suit
from an inferior to a superior judge or court for re&euml;xamination or
review.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The mode of proceeding by which such
removal is effected.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The right of
appeal.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>An accusation; a process which
formerly might be instituted by one private person against another for some
heinous crime demanding punishment for the particular injury suffered,
rather than for the offense against the public.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<def>An accusation of a felon at common law by one of his accomplices,
which accomplice was then called an <i>approver</i>. See
<u>Approvement</u>.</def>  <i>Tomlins.</i>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A summons to answer to a charge.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A call upon a person or an authority for proof
or decision, in one's favor; reference to another as witness; a call for
help or a favor; entreaty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A kind of <i>appeal</i> to the Deity, the author of
wonders.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Resort to physical means; recourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every milder method is to be tried, before a nation makes an
<i>appeal</i> to arms.<BR>
<i>Kent.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*peal"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being appealed against; that may be removed to a higher
tribunal for decision; as, the cause is <i>appealable</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That may be accused or called to answer by
appeal; as, a criminal is <i>appealable</i> for manslaughter.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*peal"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
appellant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*peal"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes an
appeal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*peal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That appeals;
imploring.</def> -- <wf>Ap*peal"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ap*peal"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pear"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Appeared</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Appearing</u>.] [OE. <i>apperen</i>, <i>aperen</i>, OF. <i>aparoir</i>,
F. <i>apparoir</i>, fr. L. <i>appar&?;re</i> to appear + <i>par&?;re</i>to
come forth, to be visible; prob. from the same root as <i>par&?;re</i> to
produce. Cf. <u>Apparent</u>, <u>Parent</u>, <u>Peer</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come or be in sight; to be in
view; to become visible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And God . . . said, Let . . . the dry land
<i>appear</i>.<BR>
<i>Gen. i. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come before the public; as, a great writer
<i>appeared</i> at that time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stand in presence of some authority,
tribunal, or superior person, to answer a charge, plead a cause, or the
like; to present one's self as a party or advocate before a court, or as a
person to be tried.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must all <i>appear</i> before the judgment seat.<BR>
<i>&fist; Cor. v. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>One ruffian escaped because no prosecutor dared to
<i>appear</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To become visible to the apprehension of the
mind; to be known as a subject of observation or comprehension, or as a
thing proved; to be obvious or manifest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It doth not yet <i>appear</i> what we shall be.<BR>
<i>1 John iii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Of their vain contest <i>appeared</i> no end.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To seem; to have a certain semblance; to
look.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They disfigure their faces, that they may <i>appear</i> unto
men to fast.<BR>
<i>Matt. vi. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To seem; look. See <u>Seem</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pear"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Appearance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pear"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>apparence</i>,
L. <i>apparentia</i>, fr. <i>apparere</i>. See <u>Appear</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of appearing or coming into sight; the act
of becoming visible to the eye; as, his sudden <i>appearance</i> surprised
me.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thing seed; a phenomenon; a phase; an
apparition; as, an <i>appearance</i> in the sky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Personal presence; exhibition of the person;
look; aspect; mien.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And now am come to see . . . <BR>
It thy <i>appearance</i> answer loud report.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Semblance, or apparent likeness; external show.
<i>pl.</i> Outward signs, or circumstances, fitted to make a particular
impression or to determine the judgment as to the character of a person or
a thing, an act or a state; as, <i>appearances</i> are against
him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> There was upon the tabernacle, as it were, the
<i>appearance</i> of fire.<BR>
<i>Num. ix. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>For man looketh on the outward <i>appearance</i>.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. xvi. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Judge not according to the <i>appearance</i>.<BR>
<i>John. vii. 24.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of appearing in a particular place, or
in society, a company, or any proceedings; a coming before the public in a
particular character; as, a person makes his <i>appearance</i> as an
historian, an artist, or an orator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will he now retire,<BR>
After <i>appearance</i>, and again prolong<BR>
Our expectation?<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Probability; likelihood.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is that which hath no <i>appearance</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The coming into court of either of
the parties; the being present in court; the coming into court of a party
summoned in an action, either by himself or by his attorney, expressed by a
formal entry by the proper officer to that effect; the act or proceeding by
which a party proceeded against places himself before the court, and
submits to its jurisdiction.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i>  <i>Bouvier.</i>
<i>Daniell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To put in an appearance</b></col>, <cd>to be present; to appear
in person.</cd> -- <col><b>To save appearances</b></col>, <cd>to preserve a
fair outward show.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Coming; arrival; presence; semblance; pretense; air;
look; manner; mien; figure; aspect.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pear"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
appears.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pear"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Apparently.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*peas"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
appeased or pacified; placable.</def> -- <wf>Ap*peas"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pease"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Appealed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Appeasing</u>.] [OE. <i>apesen</i>, <i>apaisen</i>, OF. <i>apaisier</i>,
<i>apaissier</i>, F. <i>apaiser</i>, fr. <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + OF.
<i>pais</i> peace, F. <i>paix</i>, fr. L. <i>pax</i>, <i>pacis</i>. See
<u>Peace</u>.] <def>To make quiet; to calm; to reduce to a state of peace;
to still; to pacify; to dispel (anger or hatred); as, to <i>appease</i> the
tumult of the ocean, or of the passions; to <i>appease</i> hunger or
thirst.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To pacify; quiet; conciliate; propitiate; assuage;
compose; calm; allay; hush; soothe; tranquilize.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pease"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
appeasing, or the state of being appeased; pacification.</def>
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*peas"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who appeases; a
pacifier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pea"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
appease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pel"la*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Appealable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pel"lan*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Capability of
appeal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pel"lant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>appellans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>appellare</i>; cf. F. <i>appelant</i>. See <u>Appeal</u>.]
<def>Relating to an appeal; appellate.</def> "An <i>appellant</i>
jurisdiction."  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Party appellant</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the party who
appeals; appellant; -- opposed to <i>respondent</i>, or
<i>appellee</i>.</cd>  <i>Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pel"lant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who accuses another of felony or
treason.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who appeals, or asks for
a rehearing or review of a cause by a higher tribunal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A challenger.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One who appealed to a
general council against the bull Unigenitus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who appeals or entreats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pel"late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>appelatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>appellare</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or taking cognizance of,
appeals.</def>  "<i>Appellate</i> jurisdiction." <i>Blackstone.</i>
"<i>Appellate</i> judges."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Appelate court</b></col>, <cd>a court having cognizance of
appeals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pel"late</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person or prosecuted
for a crime. [Obs.] See <u>Appellee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pel*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>appellatio</i>, fr. <i>appellare</i>: cf. F. <i>appellation</i>. See
<u>Appeal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of appealing; appeal.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of calling by a name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The word by which a particular person or thing
is called and known; name; title; designation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They must institute some persons under the
<i>appellation</i> of magistrates.<BR>
<i>Hume.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Name</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pel"la*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>appellativus</i>, fr. <i>appellare</i>: cf. F. <i>appelatif</i>. See
<u>Appeal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to a common name;
serving as a distinctive denomination; denominative; naming.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Common, as opposed to
<i>proper</i>; denominative of a class.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pel"la*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>appelativum</i>,
sc. <i>nomen</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A common name, in distinction
from a proper name. A common name, or <i>appellative</i>, stands for a
whole class, genus, or species of beings, or for universal ideas. Thus,
<i>tree</i> is the name of all plants of a particular class; <i>plant</i>
and <i>vegetable</i> are names of things that grow out of the earth. A
proper name, on the other hand, stands for a single thing; as, <i>Rome</i>,
<i>Washington</i>, <i>Lake Erie</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An appellation or title; a descriptive
name.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God chosen it for one of his <i>appellatives</i> to be the
Defender of them.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pel"la*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>After the manner
of nouns appellative; in a manner to express whole classes or species; as,
Hercules is sometimes used <i>appellatively</i>, that is, as a common name,
to signify a strong man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pel"la*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being appellative.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pel"la*tory</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>appellatorius</i>, fr. <i>appellare</i>.] <def>Containing an
appeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>appellatory</i> libel ought to contain the name of the
party appellant.<BR>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pel*lee"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>appel&eacute;</i>, p.
p. of <i>appeler</i>, fr. L. <i>appellare</i>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The defendant in an appeal; -- opposed to
<i>appellant</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The person who is appealed
against, or accused of crime; -- opposed to <i>appellor</i>.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><! p. 72  !></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pel*lor"</hw> (&abreve;p`p&ebreve;l*l&ocirc;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>apeleur</i>, fr. L. <i>appellator</i>, fr.
<i>appellare</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The person who
institutes an appeal, or prosecutes another for a crime.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who confesses a felony
committed and accuses his accomplices.</def>  <i>Blount.</i>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word is rarely or never used for the plaintiff in appeal
from a lower court, who is called the <i>appellant</i>.  <i>Appellee</i> is
opposed both to <i>appellant</i> and <i>appellor</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ap"pen*age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Appanage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pend"</hw> (&abreve;p*p&ebreve;nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Appended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Appending</u>.] [L. <i>appendere</i> or F. <i>appendre</i>:
cf. OE. <i>appenden</i>, <i>apenden</i>, to belong, OF. <i>apendre</i>, F.
<i>appendre</i>, fr. L. <i>append&emacr;re</i>, v. i., to hang to,
<i>append&ebreve;re</i>, v. t., to hang to; <i>ad</i> +
<i>pend&emacr;re</i>, v. i., to hang, <i>pend&ebreve;re</i>, v. t., to
hang. See <u>Pendant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hang or attach to, as
by a string, so that the thing is suspended; as, a seal <i>appended</i> to
a record; the inscription was <i>appended</i> to the column.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To add, as an accessory to the principal thing;
to annex; as, notes <i>appended</i> to this chapter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A further purpose <i>appended</i> to the primary one.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pend"age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something appended to, or accompanying, a principal or greater thing,
though not necessary to it, as a portico to a house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Modesty is the <i>appendage</i> of sobriety.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A subordinate or subsidiary part
or organ; an external organ or limb, esp. of the articulates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Antenn&aelig; and other <i>appendages</i> used for
feeling.<BR>
<i>Carpenter.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Addition; adjunct; concomitant.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pend"aged</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with, or
supplemented by, an appendage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pend"ance</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Something
appendant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pend"ant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>appendant</i>, p. pr.
of <i>appendre</i>. See <u>Append</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hanging; annexed; adjunct; concomitant; as, a seal
<i>appendant</i> to a paper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As they have transmitted the benefit to us, it is but
reasonable we should suffer the <i>appendant</i> calamity.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Appended by prescription, that is,
a personal usage for a considerable time; -- said of a thing of inheritance
belonging to another inheritance which is superior or more worthy; as, an
advowson, common, etc. , which may be <i>appendant</i> to a manor, common
of fishing to a freehold, a seat in church to a house.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i> <i>Coke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pend"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything attached to another as incidental or subordinate to
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A inheritance annexed by
prescription to a superior inheritance.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap*pend"ence</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap*pend"en*cy</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being appendant; appendance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pend"i*cal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or like an
appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pend"i*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
append.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pend`i*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
appendage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pend`i*ci"tis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of the vermiform appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pend"i*cle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>appendicula</i>, dim. of. <i>appendix</i>.] <def>A small
appendage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pen*dic"u*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
an appendicle; appendiculate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ap`pen*dic`u*la"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small free-swimming Tunicata, shaped
somewhat like a tadpole, and remarkable for resemblances to the larv&aelig;
of other Tunicata. It is the type of the order Copelata or Larvalia. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap`pen*dic`u*la"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of annelids; the
Polych&aelig;ta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pen*dic"u*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Appendicle</u>.] <def>Having small appendages; forming an
appendage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Appendiculate leaf</b></col>, <cd>a small appended leaf.</cd>
<i>Withering.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pen"dix</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Appendixes</b></plw> (&?;), L. <plw><b>Appendices</b></plw> (&?;).
[L. <i>appendix</i>, -<i>dicis</i>, fr. <i>appendere</i>. See
<u>Append</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something appended or added; an
appendage, adjunct, or concomitant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Normandy became an <i>appendix</i> to England.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any literary matter added to a book, but not
necessarily essential to its completeness, and thus distinguished from
<i>supplement</i>, which is intended to supply deficiencies and correct
inaccuracies.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Supplement</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pen"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
appending.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap`per*ceive"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>apercevoir</i>, fr. L. <i>ad</i> + <i>percipere</i>, <i>perceptum</i>,
to perceive. See <u>Perceive</u>.] <def>To perceive; to comprehend.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`per*cep"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ad-</i> +
<i>perception</i>: cf. F. <i>apperception</i>.] <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The
mind's perception of itself as the subject or actor in its own states;
perception that reflects upon itself; sometimes, intensified or energetic
perception.</def>  <i>Leibnitz. Reid.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This feeling has been called by philosophers the
<i>apperception</i> or consciousness of our own existence.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*per"il</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Peril.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`per*tain"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Appertained</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Appertaining</u>.] [OE. <i>apperteinen</i>, <i>apertenen</i>, OF.
<i>apartenir</i>, F. <i>appartenir</i>, fr. L. <i>appertinere</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>pertinere</i> to reach to, belong. See <u>Pertain</u>.]
<def>To belong or pertain, whether by right, nature, appointment, or
custom; to relate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Things <i>appertaining</i> to this life.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Give it unto him to whom it <i>appertaineth</i>.<BR>
<i>Lev. vi. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap`per*tain"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
appertains to a person; an appurtenance.</def> [Obs. or R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap*per"ti*nance</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap*per"ti*nence</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Appurtenance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*per"ti*nent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging;
appertaining.</def> [Now usually written <i>appurtenant</i>.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*per"ti*nent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which belongs to
something else; an appurtenant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pete"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>appetere</i>:
cf. F. <i>app&eacute;ter</i>. See <u>Appetite</u>.] <def>To seek for; to
desire.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pe*tence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>app&eacute;tence</i>. See <u>Appetency</u>.] <def>A longing; a desire;
especially an ardent desire; appetite; appetency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pe*ten*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Appetencies</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>appetentia</i>, fr.
<i>appetere</i> to strive after, long for. See <u>Appetite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fixed and strong desire; esp. natural desire; a
craving; an eager appetite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They had a strong <i>appetency</i> for reading.<BR>
<i>Merivale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: An instinctive inclination or
propensity in animals to perform certain actions, as in the young to suck,
in aquatic fowls to enter into water and to swim; the tendency of an
organized body to seek what satisfies the wants of its organism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These lacteals have mouths, and by animal selection or
<i>appetency</i> the absorb such part of the fluid as is agreeable to their
palate.<BR>
<i>E. Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Natural tendency; affinity; attraction; -- used
of inanimate objects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pe*tent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>appetens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>appetere</i>.] <def>Desiring; eagerly desirous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Appetent</i> after glory and renown.<BR>
<i>Sir G. Buck.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pe*ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>app&eacute;tibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
desirable.</def>  <i>Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pe*ti*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>appetibilis</i>, fr. <i>appetere</i>: cf. F. <i>app&eacute;tible</i>.]
<def>Desirable; capable or worthy of being the object of desire.</def>
<i>Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pe*tite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>appetit</i>, F.
<i>app&eacute;tit</i>, fr. L. <i>appetitus</i>, fr. <i>appetere</i> to
strive after, long for; <i>ad</i> + <i>petere</i> to seek. See
<u>Petition</u>, and cf. <u>Appetence</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
desire for some personal gratification, either of the body or of the
mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The object of <i>appetite</i> it whatsoever sensible good
may be wished for; the object of will is that good which reason does lead
us to seek.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Desire for, or relish of, food or drink;
hunger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men must have <i>appetite</i> before they will eat.<BR>
<i>Buckle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any strong desire; an eagerness or
longing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It God had given to eagles an <i>appetite</i> to swim.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To gratify the vulgar <i>appetite</i> for the marvelous.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Tendency; appetency.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In all bodies there as an <i>appetite</i> of union.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The thing desired.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Power being the natural <i>appetite</i> of princes.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In old authors, <i>appetite</i> is followed by <i>to</i> or
<i>of</i>, but regularly it should be followed by <i>for</i> before the
object; as, an <i>appetite</i> for pleasure.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Craving; longing; desire; appetency; passion.</p>

<p><hw>Ap`pe*ti"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>appetitio</i>:
cf. F. <i>app&eacute;tition</i>.] <def>Desire; a longing for, or seeking
after, something.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pe*ti"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>app&eacute;titif</i>.] <def>Having the quality of desiring
gratification; as, <i>appetitive</i> power or faculty.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pe*tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make hungry;
to whet the appetite of.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pe*ti`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something which
creates or whets an appetite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pe*ti`zing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>app&eacute;tissant</i>.] <def>Exciting appetite; as, <i>appetizing</i>
food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The appearance of the wild ducks is very
<i>appetizing</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pe*ti`zing</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to excite
appetite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Appius</i>,
<i>Appianus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Appius.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Appian Way</b></col>, <cd>the great paved highway from ancient
Rome trough Capua to Brundisium, now Brindisi, constructed partly by
<i>Appius</i> Claudius, about 312 <u>b. c.</u></cd></p>

<p><hw>Ap*plaud"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Applauded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Applauding</u>.] [L. <i>applaudere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>plaudere</i> to
clash, to clap the hands: cf. F. <i>applaudir</i>. Cf. <u>Explode</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To show approval of by clapping the hands,
acclamation, or other significant sign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would <i>applaud</i> thee to the very echo,<BR>
That should <i>applaud</i> again.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To praise by words; to express approbation of;
to commend; to approve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the gods, I do <i>applaud</i> his courage.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To praise; extol; commend; cry up; magnify; approve. See
<u>Praise</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*plaud"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To express approbation
loudly or significantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*plaud"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
applauds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*plaus"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy of
applause; praiseworthy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*plause"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>applaudere</i>,
<i>applausum</i>. See <u>Applaud</u>.] <def>The act of applauding;
approbation and praise publicly expressed by clapping the hands, stamping
or tapping with the feet, acclamation, huzzas, or other means; marked
commendation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brave man seeks not popular <i>applause</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Acclaim; acclamation; plaudit; commendation;
approval.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*plau"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>applausivus</i>.] <def>Expressing applause; approbative.</def>  --
<wf>Ap*plau"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ple</hw> (&abreve;p"p'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>appel</i>,
<i>eppel</i>, AS. <i>&aelig;ppel</i>, <i>&aelig;pl</i>; akin to Fries. &amp; D.
<i>appel</i>, OHG, <i>aphul</i>, <i>aphol</i>, G. <i>apfel</i>, Icel.
<i>epli</i>, Sw. <i>&auml;ple</i>, Dan. <i>&aelig;ble</i>, Gael.
<i>ubhall</i>, W. <i>afal</i>, Arm. <i>aval</i>, Lith. <i>ob&uring;lys</i>,
Russ. <i>iabloko</i>; of unknown origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
fleshy pome or fruit of a rosaceous tree (<i>Pyrus malus</i>) cultivated in
numberless varieties in the temperate zones.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The European crab apple is supposed to be the original kind, from
which all others have sprung.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(bot.)</i> <def>Any tree genus <i>Pyrus</i> which
has the stalk sunken into the base of the fruit; an apple tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any fruit or other vegetable production
resembling, or supposed to resemble, the apple; as, <i>apple</i> of love,
or love <i>apple</i> (a tomato), balsam <i>apple</i>, egg <i>apple</i>, oak
<i>apple</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything round like an apple; as, an
<i>apple</i> of gold.</def></p>

<p><i>Apple</i> is used either adjectively or in combination; as,
<i>apple</i> paper or <i>apple</i>-paper, <i>apple</i>-shaped, <i>apple</i>
blossom, <i>apple</i> dumpling, <i>apple</i> pudding.</p>

<p><col><b>Apple blight</b></col>, <cd>an aphid which injures apple trees.
See <u>Blight</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Apple
borer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a coleopterous insect (<i>Saperda
candida or bivittata</i>), the larva of which bores into the trunk of the
apple tree and pear tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Apple brandy</b></col>,
<cd>brandy made from apples.</cd> -- <col><b>Apple butter</b></col>, <cd>a
sauce made of apples stewed down in cider.</cd> <i>Bartlett.</i> --
<col><b>Apple corer</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for removing the cores
from apples.</cd> -- <col><b>Apple fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any dipterous insect, the larva of which burrows in apples. Apple flies
belong to the genera <i>Drosophila</i> and <i>Trypeta</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Apple midge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>a small dipterous
insect (<i>Sciara mali</i>), the larva of which bores in apples.</cd> --
<col><b>Apple of the eye</b></col>, <cd>the pupil.</cd> -- <col><b>Apple of
discord</b></col>, <cd>a subject of contention and envy, so called from the
mythological golden apple, inscribed "For the fairest," which was thrown
into an assembly of the gods by Eris, the goddess of discord. It was
contended for by Juno, Minerva, and Venus, and was adjudged to the
latter.</cd> -- <col><b>Apple of love</b></col>, or <col><b>Love
apple</b></col>, <cd>the tomato (<i>Lycopersicum esculentum</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Apple of Peru</b></col>, <cd>a large coarse herb (<i>Nicandra
physaloides</i>) bearing pale blue flowers, and a bladderlike fruit
inclosing a dry berry.</cd> -- <col><b>Apples of Sodom</b></col>, <cd>a
fruit described by ancient writers as externally of fair appearance but
dissolving into smoke and ashes when plucked; Dead Sea apples. The name is
often given to the fruit of <i>Solanum Sodom&aelig;um</i>, a prickly shrub
with fruit not unlike a small yellow tomato.</cd> -- <col><b>Apple
sauce</b></col>, <cd>stewed apples.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>Apple
snail</b></col> or <col><b>Apple shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
fresh-water, operculated, spiral shell of the genus <i>Ampullaria</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Apple tart</b></col>, <cd>a tart containing apples.</cd> --
<col><b>Apple tree</b></col>, <cd>a tree which naturally bears apples. See
<u>Apple, 2.</u></cd> -- <col><b>Apple wine</b></col>, <cd>cider.</cd> --
<col><b>Apple worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of a small
moth (<i>Carpocapsa pomonella</i>) which burrows in the interior of apples.
See <u>Codling moth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead Sea Apple</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <cd>Apples of Sodom.  Also Fig.</cd>  "To
seek the <i>Dead Sea apples</i> of politics." <i>S. B. Griffin.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of gallnut coming from Arabia. See
<u>Gallnut</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ple</hw> (&abreve;p"p'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow
like an apple; to bear apples.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ple-faced`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a round,
broad face, like an apple.</def> "<i>Apple-faced</i> children."
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ple-jack`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Apple
brandy.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap"ple-john`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>. <def>A kind of apple which
by keeping becomes much withered; -- called also <i>Johnapple</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ple pie`</hw> (&?;). <def>A pie made of apples (usually sliced or
stewed) with spice and sugar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Apple-pie bed</b></col>, <cd>a bed in which, as a joke, the
sheets are so doubled (like the cover of an apple turnover) as to prevent
any one from getting at his length between them.</cd> <i>Halliwell</i>
<i>Conybeare.</i> -- <col><b>Apple-pie order</b></col>, <cd>perfect order
or arrangement.</cd> [Colloq.] <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ple-squire`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pimp; a kept
gallant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pli"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Apply</u>.]
<def>Applicable; also, compliant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pli"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of applying; application; [Obs.] subservience.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing applied or used as a means to an end;
an apparatus or device; as, to use various <i>appliances</i>; a mechanical
<i>appliance</i>; a machine with its <i>appliances</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pli*ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being applicable or fit to be applied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pli*ca*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>aplicable</i>, fr. L. <i>applicare</i>. See <u>Apply</u>.] <def>Capable
of being applied; fit or suitable to be applied; having relevance; as, this
observation is <i>applicable</i> to the case under consideration.</def> --
<wf>Ap"pli*ca*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ap"pli*ca*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pli*can*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being applicable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap"pli*cant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>applicans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>applicare</i>. See <u>Apply</u>.] <def>One who apples for
something; one who makes request; a petitioner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>applicant</i> for a cup of water.<BR>
<i>Plumtre.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The court require the <i>applicant</i> to appear in
person.<BR>
<i>Z. Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pli*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>applicatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>applicare</i>.  See <u>Apply</u>.] <def>Applied or put to some
use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>applicate</i> sciences which extend the power of
man over the elements.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Applicate number</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>one which applied
to some concrete case.</cd> -- <col><b>Applicate ordinate</b></col>,
<cd>right line applied at right angles to the axis of any conic section,
and bounded by the curve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pli*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To apply.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The act of faith is <i>applicated</i> to the object.<BR>
<i>Bp. Pearson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pli*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>applicatio</i>, fr. <i>applicare</i>: cf. F. <i>application</i>. See
<u>Apply</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of applying or laying on, in
a literal sense; as, the <i>application</i> of emollients to a diseased
limb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing applied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He invented a new <i>application</i> by which blood might be
stanched.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of applying as a means; the employment
of means to accomplish an end; specific use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a right course . . . be taken with children, there will
not be much need of the <i>application</i> of the common rewards and
punishments.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of directing or referring something to a
particular case, to discover or illustrate agreement or disagreement,
fitness, or correspondence; as, I make the remark, and leave you to make
the <i>application</i>; the <i>application</i> of a theory.</def></p>

<p><! p. 73  !></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, in specific uses: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
That part of a sermon or discourse in which the principles before laid down
and illustrated are applied to practical uses; the "moral" of a fable.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The use of the principles of one science for the
purpose of enlarging or perfecting another; as, the <i>application</i> of
algebra to geometry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The capacity of being practically applied or
used; relevancy; as, a rule of general <i>application</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The act of fixing the mind or closely applying
one's self; assiduous effort; close attention; as, to injure the health by
<i>application</i> to study.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had his <i>application</i> been equal to his talents, his
progress might have been greater.<BR>
<i>J. Jay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The act of making request of soliciting; as, an
<i>application</i> for an office; he made <i>application</i> to a court of
chancery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A request; a document containing a request; as,
his <i>application</i> was placed on file.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pli*ca*tive</hw> (&abreve;p"pl&ibreve;*k&asl;*t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>applicatif</i>, fr. L. <i>applicare</i>.
See <u>Apply</u>.] <def>Capable of being applied or used; applying;
applicatory; practical.</def>  <i>Bramhall.</i>  --
<wf>Ap"pli*ca*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pli*ca*to*ri*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
application.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pli*ca*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the property
of applying; applicative; practical.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>That which applies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pli"ed*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
application.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pli"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>He who, or that
which, applies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pli"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Application.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marston</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ap`pli`qu&eacute;"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>appliquer</i> to put on.] <def>Ornamented with a pattern (which has been
cut out of another color or stuff) <i>applied</i> or transferred to a
foundation; as, <i>appliqu&eacute;</i> lace; <i>appliqu&eacute;</i>
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*plot"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Applotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Applotting</u>.] [Pref. <i>ad-</i> + <i>plot</i>.] <def>To divide into
plots or parts; to apportion.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*plot"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Apportionment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*ply"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Applied</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Applying</u>.] [OF. <i>aplier</i>, F. <i>appliquer</i>, fr. L.
<i>applicare</i> to join, fix, or attach to; <i>ad</i> + <i>plicare</i> to
fold, to twist together. See <u>Applicant</u>, <u>Ply</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay or place; to put or adjust (one thing
<i>to</i> another); -- with <i>to</i>; as, to <i>apply</i> the hand to the
breast; to <i>apply</i> medicaments to a diseased part of the
body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He said, and the sword his throat <i>applied</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put to use; to use or employ for a particular
purpose, or in a particular case; to appropriate; to devote; as, to
<i>apply</i> money to the payment of a debt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make use of, declare, or pronounce, as
suitable, fitting, or relative; as, to <i>apply</i> the testimony to the
case; to <i>apply</i> an epithet to a person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet God at last<BR>
To Satan, first in sin, his doom <i>applied</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fix closely; to engage and employ diligently,
or with attention; to attach; to incline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Apply</i> thine heart unto instruction.<BR>
<i>Prov. xxiii. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To direct or address.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sacred vows . . . <i>applied</i> to grisly Pluto.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To betake; to address; to refer; -- used
reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>applied</i> myself to him for help.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To busy; to keep at work; to ply.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She was skillful in <i>applying</i> his "humors."<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To visit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And he <i>applied</i> each place so fast.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Applied chemistry</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Chemistry</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Applied mathematics</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Mathematics</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ap*ply"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
suit; to agree; to have some connection, agreement, or analogy; as, this
argument <i>applies</i> well to the case.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make request; to have recourse with a view to
gain something; to make application. (<i>to</i>); to solicit; as, to
<i>apply</i> to a friend for information.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To ply; to move.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I heard the sound of an oar <i>applying</i> swiftly through
the water.<BR>
<i>T. Moore.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To apply or address one's self; to give
application; to attend closely (<i>to</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap*pog`gia*tu"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr.
<i>appogiarre</i> to lean, to rest; <i>ap-</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) +
<i>poggiare</i> to mount, ascend, <i>poggio</i> hill, fr. L. <i>podium</i>
an elevated place.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A passing tone preceding an
essential tone, and borrowing the time it occupies from that; a short
auxiliary or grace note one degree above or below the principal note unless
it be of the same harmony; -- generally indicated by a note of smaller
size, as in the illustration above. It forms no essential part of the
harmony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*point"</hw> (&abreve;p*point"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Appointed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Appointing</u>.] [OE. <i>appointen</i>, <i>apointen</i>,
OF. <i>apointier</i> to prepare, arrange, lean, place, F. <i>appointer</i>
to give a salary, refer a cause, fr. LL. <i>appunctare</i> to bring back to
the point, restore, to fix the point in a controversy, or the points in an
agreement; L. <i>ad</i> + <i>punctum</i> a point. See <u>Point</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fix with power or firmness; to establish; to
mark out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he <i>appointed</i> the foundations of the earth.<BR>
<i>Prov. viii. 29.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fix by a decree, order, command, resolve,
decision, or mutual agreement; to constitute; to ordain; to prescribe; to
fix the time and place of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy servants are ready to do whatsoever my lord the king
shall <i>appoint</i>.<BR>
<i>2 Sam. xv. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath <i>appointed</i> a day, in the which he will judge
the world in righteousness.<BR>
<i>Acts xvii. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Say that the emperor request a parley . . . and
<i>appoint</i> the meeting.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assign, designate, or set apart by
authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Aaron and his shall go in, and <i>appoint</i> them every one
to his service.<BR>
<i>Num. iv. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>These were cities <i>appointed</i> for all the children of
Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them.<BR>
<i>Josh. xx. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To furnish in all points; to provide with
everything necessary by way of equipment; to equip; to fit out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The English, being well <i>appointed</i>, did so entertain
them that their ships departed terribly torn.<BR>
<i>Hayward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To point at by way, or for the purpose, of
censure or commendation; to arraign.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Appoint</i> not heavenly disposition.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To direct, designate, or limit; to
make or direct a new disposition of, by virtue of a power contained in a
conveyance; -- said of an estate already conveyed.</def>  <i>Burrill.
Kent.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To appoint one's self</b></col>, <cd>to resolve.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Crowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*point"</hw> (&abreve;p*point"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
ordain; to determine; to arrange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the Lord had <i>appointed</i> to defeat the good counsel
of Ahithophel.<BR>
<i>2 Sam. xvii. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*point"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being appointed or constituted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*point*ee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>appoint&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>appointer</i>. See <u>Appoint</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person
appointed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The commission authorizes them to make appointments, and pay
the <i>appointees</i>.<BR>
<i>Circular of Mass. Representatives (1768).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(law)</i> <def>A person in whose favor a power of
appointment is executed.</def>  <i>Kent. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*point"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who appoints,
or executes a power of appointment.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*point"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subject to
appointment; as, an <i>appointive</i> office.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*point"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>appointement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of appointing;
designation of a person to hold an office or discharge a trust; as, he
erred by the <i>appointment</i> of unsuitable men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being appointed to som&?; service
or office; an office to which one is appointed; station; position; an, the
<i>appointment</i> of treasurer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Stipulation; agreement; the act of fixing by
mutual agreement. Hence:: Arrangement for a meeting; engagement; as, they
made an <i>appointment</i> to meet at six.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Decree; direction; established order or
constitution; as, to submit to the divine <i>appointments</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>According to the <i>appointment</i> of the priests.<BR>
<i>Ezra vi. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The exercise of the power of
designating (under a "power of appointment") a person to enjoy an estate or
other specific property; also, the instrument by which the designation is
made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Equipment, furniture, as for a ship or an army;
whatever is appointed for use and management; outfit; (pl.) the
accouterments of military officers or soldiers, as belts, sashes,
swords.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cavaliers emulated their chief in the richness of their
<i>appointments</i>.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll prove it in my shackles, with these hands<BR>
Void of <i>appointment</i>, that thou liest.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An allowance to a person, esp. to a public
officer; a perquisite; -- properly only in the plural.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An expense proportioned to his <i>appointments</i> and
fortune is necessary.<BR>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A honorary part or exercise, as an oration,
etc., at a public exhibition of a college; as, to have an
<i>appointment</i>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Designation; command; order; direction; establishment;
equipment.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*point*or"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
person who selects the appointee. See <u>Appointee, 2.</u></def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*por"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>apporter</i>
to bring in, fr. L. <i>apportare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>portare</i> to bear.]
<def>A bringer in; an importer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*por"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Apportioned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Apportioning</u>.] [OF. <i>apportionner</i>, LL. <i>apportionare</i>,
fr. L. <i>ad</i> + <i>portio</i>. See <u>Portion</u>.] <def>To divide and
assign in just proportion; to divide and distribute proportionally; to
portion out; to allot; as, to <i>apportion</i> undivided rights; to
<i>apportion</i> time among various employments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*por"tion*ate*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being apportioned or in proportion.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*por"tion*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
apportions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*por"tion*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>apportionnement</i>, LL. <i>apportionamentum</i>.] <def>The act of
apportioning; a dividing into just proportions or shares; a division or
shares; a division and assignment, to each proprietor, of his just portion
of an undivided right or property.</def>  <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pose"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>apposer</i> to
set to; &?; (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>poser</i> to put, place. See <u>Pose</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place opposite or before; to put or apply (one
thing <i>to</i> another).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nymph herself did then <i>appose</i>,<BR>
For food and beverage, to him all best meat.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place in juxtaposition or
proximity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [For <i>oppose</i>. See
<u>Oppose</u>.] <def>To put questions to; to examine; to try. [Obs.] See
<u>Pose</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>appose</i> him without any accuser, and that
secretly.<BR>
<i>Tyndale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*posed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Placed in
apposition; mutually fitting, as the mandibles of a bird's beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pos"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An examiner; one
whose business is to put questions. Formerly, in the English Court of
Exchequer, an officer who audited the sheriffs' accounts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"po*site</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>appositus</i>, p.
p. of <i>apponere</i> to set or put to; <i>ad</i> + <i>ponere</i> to put,
place.] <def>Very applicable; well adapted; suitable or fit; relevant; pat;
-- followed by <i>to</i>; as, this argument is very <i>apposite</i> to the
case.</def> -- <wf>Ap"po*site*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ap"po*site*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap`po*si"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>appositio</i>,
fr. <i>apponere</i>: cf. F. <i>apposition</i>. See <u>Apposite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of adding; application;
accretion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It grows . . . by the <i>apposition</i> of new matter.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The putting of things in juxtaposition, or side
by side; also, the condition of being so placed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The state of two nouns or
pronouns, put in the same case, without a connecting word between them; as,
I admire Cicero, the orator. Here, the second noun explains or
characterizes the first.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Growth by apposition</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>a mode of
growth characteristic of non vascular tissues, in which nutritive matter
from the blood is transformed on the surface of an organ into solid
unorganized substance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ap`po*si"tion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
apposition; put in apposition syntactically.</def>
 <i>Ellicott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pos"i*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to apposition; in apposition.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A noun in
apposition.</def> -- <wf>Ap*pos"i*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Appositive</i> to the words going immediately before.<BR>
<i>Knatchbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prais"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being appraised.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prais"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Appraise</u>.
Cf. <u>Apprizal</u>.] <def>A valuation by an authorized person; an
appraisement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*praise"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Appraised</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Appraising</u>.] [Pref. <i>ad-</i> + <i>praise</i>. See <u>Praise</u>,
<u>Price</u>, <u>Apprize</u>, <u>Appreciate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To set a value; to estimate the worth of, particularly by persons
appointed for the purpose; as, to <i>appraise</i> goods and
chattels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To estimate; to conjecture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Enoch . . . <i>appraised</i> his weight.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To praise; to commend.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Appraised</i> the Lycian custom.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States, this word is often pronounced, and
sometimes written, <i>apprize</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*praise"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Appraise</u>. Cf. <u>Apprizement</u>.] <def>The act of setting the
value; valuation by an appraiser; estimation of worth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prais"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Appraise</u>,
<u>Apprizer</u>.] <def>One who appraises; esp., a person appointed and
sworn to estimate and fix the value of goods or estates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pre*ca"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>apprecari</i> to
pray to; <i>ad</i> + <i>precari</i> to pray, <i>prex</i>, <i>precis</i>,
prayer.] <def>Earnest prayer; devout wish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A solemn <i>apprecation</i> of good success.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pre*ca*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Praying or
wishing good.</def> [Obs.]"<i>Apprecatory</i> benedictions."  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pre"ci*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>appr&eacute;ciable</i>.] <def>Capable of being appreciated or estimated;
large enough to be estimated; perceptible; as, an <i>appreciable</i>
quantity.</def>  -- <wf>Ap*pre"ci*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pre"ci*ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Appreciative.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pre"ci*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Appreciated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Appreciating</u>.] [L. <i>appretiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>appretiare</i> to
value at a price, appraise; <i>ad</i> + <i>pretiare</i> to prize,
<i>pretium</i> price. Cf. <u>Appraise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set
a price or value on; to estimate justly; to value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>appreciate</i> the motives of their enemies.<BR>
<i>Gibbon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To raise the value of; to increase the market
price of; -- opposed to <i>depreciate</i>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lest a sudden peace should <i>appreciate</i> the money.<BR>
<i>Ramsay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be sensible of; to distinguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To test the power of bees to <i>appreciate</i> color.<BR>
<i>Lubbock.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Appreciate</u>, <u>Estimate</u>, <u>Esteem</u>.
<i>Estimate</i> is an act of judgment; <i>esteem</i> is an act of valuing
or prizing, and when applied to individuals, denotes a sentiment of moral
approbation. See <u>Estimate</u>. <i>Appreciate</i> lies between the two.
As compared with <i>estimate</i>, it supposes a union of sensibility with
judgment, producing a nice and delicate perception. As compared with
<i>esteem</i>, it denotes a valuation of things according to their
appropriate and distinctive excellence, and not simply their moral worth.
Thus, with reference to the former of these (delicate perception), an able
writer says. "Women have a truer <i>appreciation</i> of character than
men;" and another remarks, "It is difficult to <i>appreciate</i> the true
force and distinctive sense of terms which we are every day using."  So,
also, we speak of the difference between two things, as sometimes hardly
<i>appreciable</i>.  With reference to the latter of these (that of
valuation as the result of a nice perception), we say, "It requires a
peculiar cast of character to <i>appreciate</i> the poetry of Wordsworth;"
"He who has no delicacy himself, can not <i>appreciate</i> it in others;"
"The thought of death is salutary, because it leads us to <i>appreciate</i>
worldly things aright." <i>Appreciate</i> is much used in cases where
something is in danger of being overlooked or undervalued; as when we speak
of <i>appreciating</i> the difficulties of a subject, or the risk of an
undertaking. So Lord Plunket, referring to an "ominous silence" which
prevailed among the Irish peasantry, says, "If you knew how to
<i>appreciate</i> that silence, it is more formidable than the most
clamorous opposition." In like manner, a person who asks some favor of
another is apt to say, "I trust you will <i>appreciate</i> my motives in
this request." Here we have the key to a very frequent use of the word. It
is hardly necessary to say that <i>appreciate</i> looks on the favorable
side of things. we never speak of <i>appreciating</i> a man's faults, but
his merits. This idea of regarding things favorably appears more fully in
the word <i>appreciative</i>; as when we speak of an <i>appreciative</i>
audience, or an <i>appreciative</i> review, meaning one that manifests a
quick perception and a ready valuation of excellence.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pre"ci*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rise in value.
[See note under <u>Rise</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</def>  <i>J.
Morse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pre"ci*a`ting*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
appreciating manner; with appreciation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pre`ci*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>appr&eacute;ciation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A just valuation or
estimate of merit, worth, weight, etc.; recognition of
excellence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accurate perception; true estimation; as, an
<i>appreciation</i> of the difficulties before us; an <i>appreciation</i>
of colors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His foreboding showed his <i>appreciation</i> of Henry's
character.<BR>
<i>J. R. Green.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rise in value; -- opposed to
<i>depreciation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pre"ci*a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or
showing a just or ready appreciation or perception; as, an
<i>appreciative</i> audience.</def>  -- <wf>Ap*pre"ci*a*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pre"ci*a*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being appreciative; quick recognition of excellence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pre"ci*a`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
appreciates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pre"ci*a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showing
appreciation; appreciative; as, <i>appreciatory</i> commendation.</def>  --
<wf>Ap*pre"ci*a*to*ri*ly</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 74  !></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pre*hend"</hw> (&abreve;p`pr&esl;*h&ebreve;nd"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Apprehended</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Apprehending</u>.] [L. <i>apprehendere</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>prehendere</i> to lay hold of, seize; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>-hendere</i> (used only in comp.); akin to Gr. <grk>chanda`nein</grk> to
hold, contain, and E. <i>get</i>: cf. F. <i>appr&eacute;hender</i>. See
<u>Prehensile</u>, <u>Get</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take or seize;
to take hold of.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>We have two hands to <i>apprehend</i> it.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To take or seize (a person) by legal
process; to arrest; as, to <i>apprehend</i> a criminal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take hold of with the understanding, that is,
to conceive in the mind; to become cognizant of; to understand; to
recognize; to consider.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This suspicion of Earl Reimund, though at first but a buzz,
soon got a sting in the king's head, and he violently <i>apprehended</i>
it.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The eternal laws, such as the heroic age <i>apprehended</i>
them.<BR>
<i>Gladstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To know or learn with certainty.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>G.</i> You are too much distrustful of my truth.<BR>
<i>E.</i> Then you must give me leave to <i>apprehend</i><BR>
The means and manner how.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To anticipate; esp., to anticipate with anxiety,
dread, or fear; to fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The opposition had more reason than the king to
<i>apprehend</i> violence.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To catch; seize; arrest; detain; capture; conceive;
understand; imagine; believe; fear; dread.  -- To <u>Apprehend</u>,
<u>Comprehend</u>. These words come into comparison as describing acts of
the mind. <i>Apprehend</i> denotes the <i>laying hold</i> of a thing
mentally, so as to understand it clearly, at least in part.
<i>Comprehend</i> denotes the embracing or understanding it in all its
compass and extent. We may <i>apprehended</i> many truths which we do not
<i>comprehend</i>. The very idea of God supposes that he may be
<i>apprehended</i>, though not <i>comprehended</i>, by rational beings. "We
may <i>apprehended</i> much of Shakespeare's aim and intention in the
character of Hamlet or King Lear; but few will claim that they have
<i>comprehended</i> all that is embraced in these characters."
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pre*hend"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To think, believe, or be of opinion; to understand; to
suppose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be apprehensive; to fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is worse to <i>apprehend</i> than to suffer.<BR>
<i>Rowe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pre*hend"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
apprehends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pre*hen`si*bi"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being apprehensible.</def> [R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pre*hen"si*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>apprehensibilis</i>. See <u>Apprehend</u>.] <def>Capable of being
apprehended or conceived.</def>   "<i>Apprehensible</i> by faith." <i>Bp.
Hall.</i> -- <wf>Ap`*pre*hen"si*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pre*hen"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>apprehensio</i>: cf. F. <i>appr&eacute;hension</i>. See
<u>Apprehend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of seizing or taking
hold of; seizure; as, the hand is an organ of <i>apprehension</i>.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of seizing or taking by legal process;
arrest; as, the felon, after his <i>apprehension</i>, escaped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of grasping with the intellect; the
contemplation of things, without affirming, denying, or passing any
judgment; intellection; perception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Simple <i>apprehension</i> denotes no more than the soul's
naked intellection of an object.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Opinion; conception; sentiment; idea.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, the word often denotes a belief, founded on
sufficient evidence to give preponderation to the mind, but insufficient to
induce certainty; as, in our <i>apprehension</i>, the facts prove the
issue.</p>

<p><blockquote>To false, and to be thought false, is all one in respect of
men, who act not according to truth, but <i>apprehension</i>.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The faculty by which ideas are conceived;
understanding; as, a man of dull <i>apprehension</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Anticipation, mostly of things unfavorable;
distrust or fear at the prospect of future evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After the death of his nephew Caligula, Claudius was in no
small <i>apprehension</i> for his own life.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Apprehension</u>, <u>Alarm</u>.  <i>Apprehension</i>
springs from a sense of danger when somewhat remote, but approaching;
<i>alarm</i> arises from danger when announced as near at hand.
<i>Apprehension</i> is calmer and more permanent; <i>alarm</i> is more
agitating and transient.</p>

<p><hw>Ap`pre*hen"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>appr&eacute;hensif</i>. See <u>Apprehend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of apprehending, or quick to do so; apt; discerning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It may be pardonable to imagine that a friend, a kind and
<i>apprehensive</i> . . . friend, is listening to our talk.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Knowing; conscious; cognizant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man that has spent his younger years in vanity and folly,
and is, by the grace of God, <i>apprehensive</i> of it.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the faculty of
apprehension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Judgment . . . is implied in every <i>apprehensive</i>
act.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anticipative of something unfavorable' fearful
of what may be coming; in dread of possible harm; in expectation of
evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not at all <i>apprehensive</i> of evils as a distance.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Reformers . . . <i>apprehensive</i> for their lives.<BR>
<i>Gladstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Sensible; feeling; perceptive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thoughts, my tormentors, armed with deadly stings,<BR>
Mangle my <i>apprehensive</i>, tenderest parts.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pre*hen"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
apprehensive manner; with apprehension of danger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pre*hen"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being apprehensive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pren"tice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>apprentice</i>, <i>prentice</i>, OF. <i>aprentis</i>, nom. of
<i>aprentif</i>, fr. <i>apprendare</i> to learn, L. <i>apprendere</i>,
equiv. to <i>apprehendere</i>, to take hold of (by the mind), to
comprehend. See <u>Apprehend</u>, <u>Prentice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is bound by indentures or by legal agreement to serve a
mechanic, or other person, for a certain time, with a view to learn the
art, or trade, in which his master is bound to instruct him.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One not well versed in a subject; a
tyro.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Old law)</i> <def>A barrister, considered a
learner of law till of sixteen years' standing, when he might be called to
the rank of serjeant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pren"tice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Apprenticed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Apprenticing</u>.] <def>To bind to, or put under the care of, a master,
for the purpose of instruction in a trade or business.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pren"tice*age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>apprentissage</i>.] <def>Apprenticeship.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pren"tice*hood</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Apprenticeship.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pren"tice*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The service or condition of an apprentice; the state in which a person
is gaining instruction in a trade or art, under legal agreement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The time an apprentice is serving (sometimes
seven years, as from the age of fourteen to twenty-one).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap*pressed"</hw>, <hw>Ap*prest"</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [p.
p. <i>appress</i>, which is not in use. See <u>Adpress</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pressed close to, or lying against, something for its whole length, as
against a stem.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Apprised</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Apprising</u>.] [F. <i>appris</i>, fem. <i>apprise</i>, p. p.
<i>apprendre</i> to learn, to teach, to inform. Cf. <u>Apprehend</u>,
<u>Apprentice</u>.] <def>To give notice, verbal or written; to inform; --
followed by <i>of</i>; as, we will <i>apprise</i> the general of an
intended attack; he <i>apprised</i> the commander of what he had
done.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prise"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Notice; information.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*priz"al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Appraisal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prize"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [The same as
<u>Appraise</u>, only more accommodated to the English form of the L.
<i>pretiare</i>.] <def>To appraise; to value; to appreciate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prize"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Appraisement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*priz"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
appraiser.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A creditor for whom an
appraisal is made.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*proach"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Approached</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Approaching</u>.] [OE. <i>approchen</i>, <i>aprochen</i>, OF.
<i>approcher</i>, LL. <i>appropriare</i>, fr. L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>propiare</i> to draw near, <i>prope</i> near.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To come or go near, in place or time; to draw nigh; to advance
nearer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore <i>approached</i> ye so nigh unto the city?<BR>
<i>2 Sam. xi. 20.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>But exhorting one another; and so much the more, as ye see
the day <i>approaching</i>.<BR>
<i>Heb. x. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw near, in a figurative sense; to make
advances; to approximate; as, he <i>approaches</i> to the character of the
ablest statesman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*proach"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bring near; to cause to draw near; to advance.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come near to in place, time, or character; to
draw nearer to; as, to <i>approach</i> the city; to <i>approach</i> my
cabin; he <i>approached</i> the age of manhood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was an admirable poet, and thought even to have
<i>approached</i> Homer.<BR>
<i>Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To take approaches to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*proach"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>approche</i>. See
<u>Approach</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of drawing near; a coming or advancing near.</def> "The <i>approach</i> of
summer."  <i>Horsley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A nearer <i>approach</i> to the human type.<BR>
<i>Owen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A access, or opportunity of drawing
near.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>approach</i> to kings and principal persons.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Movements to gain favor;
advances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A way, passage, or avenue by which a place or
buildings can be approached; an access.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The advanced works,
trenches, or covered roads made by besiegers in their advances toward a
fortress or military post.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>See <u>Approaching</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*proach`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being approachable; approachableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*proach"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being approached; accessible; as, <i>approachable</i> virtue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*proach"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being approachable; accessibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*proach"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
approaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*proach"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>The act
of ingrafting a sprig or shoot of one tree into another, without cutting it
from the parent stock; -- called, also, <i>inarching</i> and <i>grafting by
approach</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*proach"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impossible to be
approached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*proach"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>approachement</i>.] <def>Approach.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pro*bate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>approbatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>approbare</i> to approve.] <def>Approved.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pro*bate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To express
approbation of; to approve; to sanction officially.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>approbate</i> the one, I reprobate the other.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; This word is obsolete in England, but is occasionally heard in
the United States, chiefly in a technical sense for <i>license</i>; as, a
person is <i>approbated</i> to preach; <i>approbated</i> to keep a public
house.  <i>Pickering (1816).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pro*ba"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>approbatio</i>: cf. F. <i>approbation</i>. See <u>Approve</u> to prove.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Proof; attestation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of approving; an assenting to the
propriety of a thing with some degree of pleasure or satisfaction;
approval; sanction; commendation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many . . . joined in a loud hum of <i>approbation</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The silent <i>approbation</i> of one's own breast.<BR>
<i>Melmoth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Animals . . . love <i>approbation</i> or praise.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Probation or novitiate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This day my sister should the cloister enter,<BR>
And there receive her <i>approbation</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Approval; liking; sanction; consent; concurrence.  --
<u>Approbation</u>, <u>Approval</u>. <i>Approbation</i> and <i>approval</i>
have the same general meaning, assenting to or declaring as good, sanction,
commendation; but <i>approbation</i> is stronger and more positive. "We may
be anxious for the <i>approbation</i> of our friends; but we should be
still more anxious for the <i>approval</i> of our own consciences." "He who
is desirous to obtain universal <i>approbation</i> will learn a good lesson
from the fable of the old man and his ass." "The work has been examined by
several excellent judges, who have expressed their unqualified
<i>approval</i> of its plan and execution."</p>

<p><hw>Ap"pro*ba*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>approbatif</i>.] <def>Approving, or implying approbation.</def>
<i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pro*ba*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being approbative.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>Love of approbation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pro*ba`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
approves.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap"pro*ba`to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing or
expressing approbation; commendatory.</def>  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*promt"</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ad-</i> +
<i>promt</i>.] <def>To quicken; to prompt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>appromt</i> our invention.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*proof"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Approve</u>, and
<u>Proof</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Trial; proof.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Approval; commendation.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pro*pin"quate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>appropinquatus</i>, p. p. of <i>appropinquare</i>; <i>ad</i> +
<i>prope</i> near.] <def>To approach.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pro*pin*qua"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>appropinquatio</i>.] <def>A drawing nigh; approach.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`pro*pin"qui*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ad-</i>
+ <i>propinquity</i>.] <def>Nearness; propinquity.</def> [R.]  <i>J.
Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pro"pre</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>appropren</i>, <i>apropren</i>, OF. <i>approprier</i>, fr. L.
<i>appropriare</i>. See <u>Appropriate</u>.] <def>To appropriate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pro"pri*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Appropriate</u>.] <def>Capable of being appropriated, set apart,
sequestered, or assigned exclusively to a particular use.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pro"pri*a*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>What is
peculiarly one's own; peculiar qualification.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If you can neglect<BR>
Your own <i>appropriaments</i>.<BR>
<i>Ford.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pro"pri*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>appropriatus</i>, p. p. of <i>appropriare</i>; <i>ad</i> +
<i>propriare</i> to appropriate, fr. <i>proprius</i> one's own, proper. See
<u>Proper</u>.] <def>Set apart for a particular use or person. Hence:
Belonging peculiarly; peculiar; suitable; fit; proper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In its strict and <i>appropriate</i> meaning.<BR>
<i>Porteus.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Appropriate</i> acts of divine worship.<BR>
<i>Stillingfleet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not at all times easy to find words <i>appropriate</i>
to express our ideas.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pro"pri*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Appropriated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Appropriating</u> (&?;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take
to one's self in exclusion of others; to claim or use as by an exclusive
right; as, let no man <i>appropriate</i> the use of a common
benefit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set apart for, or assign to, a particular
person or use, in exclusion of all others; -- with <i>to</i> or <i>for</i>;
as, a spot of ground is <i>appropriated</i> for a garden; to
<i>appropriate</i> money for the increase of the navy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make suitable; to suit.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Eccl. Law)</i> <def>To annex, as a benefice,
to a spiritual corporation, as its property.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pro"pri*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A property;
attribute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ap*pro"pri*ate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
appropriate or proper manner; fitly; properly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pro"pri*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being appropriate; peculiar fitness.</def>  <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pro`pri*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>appropriatio</i>: cf. F. <i>appropriation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of setting apart or assigning to a particular use or person,
or of taking to one's self, in exclusion of all others; application to a
special use or purpose, as of a piece of ground for a park, or of money to
carry out some object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything, especially money, thus set
apart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Commons watched carefully over the
<i>appropriation</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The severing or
sequestering of a benefice to the perpetual use of a spiritual corporation.
<i>Blackstone</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The application of
payment of money by a debtor to his creditor, to one of several debts which
are due from the former to the latter.</def>  <i>Chitty.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pro"pri*a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Appropriating; making, or tending to, appropriation; as, an
<i>appropriative</i> act.</def>  -- <wf>Ap*pro"pri*a*tive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pro"pri*a`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who appropriates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A spiritual corporation possessed
of an appropriated benefice; also, an impropriator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prov"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy of being
approved; meritorious.</def>  -- <wf>Ap*prov"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prov"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Approbation;
sanction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A censor . . . without whose <i>approval</i> n&?; capital
sentences are to be executed.<BR>
<i>Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Approbation</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ap*prov"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Approval.</def>
[Archaic]
 <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prove"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Approved</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Approving</u>.] [OE. <i>aproven</i>, <i>appreven</i>, to prove, OF.
<i>aprover</i>, F. <i>approuver</i>, to approve, fr. L. <i>approbare</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>probare</i> to esteem as good, approve, prove. See
<u>Prove</u>, and cf. <u>Approbate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To show to
be real or true; to prove.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wouldst thou <i>approve</i> thy constancy?
<i>Approve</i><BR>
First thy obedience.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make proof of; to demonstrate; to prove or
show practically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Opportunities to <i>approve</i> . . . worth.<BR>
<i>Emerson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote> He had <i>approved</i> himself a great warrior.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is an old lesson; Time <i>approves</i> it true.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His account . . . <i>approves</i> him a man of thought.<BR>
<i>Parkman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sanction officially; to ratify; to confirm;
as, to <i>approve</i> the decision of a court-martial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To regard as good; to commend; to be pleased
with; to think well of; as, we <i>approve</i> the measured of the
administration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make or show to be worthy of approbation or
acceptance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first care and concern must be to <i>approve</i> himself
to God.<BR>
<i>Rogers.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; This word, when it signifies <i>to be pleased with</i>, <i>to
think favorably</i> (<i>of</i>), is often followed by <i>of</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>They had not <i>approved of</i> the deposition of James.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>approved of</i> the political institutions.<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 75  !></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prove"</hw> (&abreve;p*pr&oomac;v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>aprouer</i>; <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + a form apparently derived fr. the
<i>pro</i>, <i>prod</i>, in L. <i>prodest</i> it is useful or profitable,
properly the preposition <i>pro</i> for. Cf. <u>Improve</u>.] <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <def>To make profit of; to convert to one's own profit; -- said
esp. of waste or common land appropriated by the lord of the
manor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prov"ed*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
secure approbation; in an approved manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prove"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Approbation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I did nothing without your <i>approvement</i>.<BR>
<i>Hayward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>a confession of guilt by a
prisoner charged with treason or felony, together with an accusation of his
accomplish and a giving evidence against them in order to obtain his own
pardon. The term is no longer in use; it corresponded to what is now known
as <i>turning king's</i> (or <i>queen's</i>) <i>evidence</i> in England,
and <i>state's evidence</i> in the United States.</def>  <i>Burrill.
Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prove"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i>
<def>Improvement of common lands, by inclosing and converting them to the
uses of husbandry for the advantage of the lord of the manor.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prov"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who approves. Formerly, one who made proof or trial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An informer; an accuser.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>One who confesses a crime and
accuses another. See 1st <u>Approvement</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prov"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Approve</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A bailiff or steward; an
agent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jacobs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prov"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Expressing approbation;
commending; as, an <i>approving</i> smile.</def>  --
<wf>Ap*prov"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prox"i*mate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>approximatus</i>, p. p. of <i>approximare</i> to approach; <i>ad</i> +
<i>proximare</i> to come near. See <u>Proximate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Approaching; proximate; nearly resembling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Near correctness; nearly exact; not perfectly
accurate; as, <i>approximate</i> results or values.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Approximate quantities</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>those which
are nearly, but not, equal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prox"i*mate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Approximated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Approximating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry or
advance near; to cause to approach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>approximate</i> the inequality of riches to the level
of nature.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come near to; to approach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The telescope <i>approximates</i> perfection.<BR>
<i>J. Morse.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prox"i*mate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To draw; to
approach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prox"i*mate*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
approximation; so as to approximate; nearly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prox`i*ma"tion</hw> (&?;). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>approximation</i>, LL. <i>approximatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of approximating; a drawing, advancing or being near; approach; also,
the result of approximating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The largest capacity and the most noble dispositions are but
an <i>approximation</i> to the proper standard and true symmetry of human
nature.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An approach to a correct estimate, calculation,
or conception, or to a given quantity, quality, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A continual
approach or coming nearer to a result; as, to solve an equation by
<i>approximation</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A value that is nearly
but not exactly correct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prox"i*ma*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>approximatif</i>.] <def>Approaching; approximate.</def>  --
<wf>Ap*prox"i*ma*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ap*prox"i*ma*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap*prox"i*ma`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, approximates.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap`pui"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>podium</i> foothold, Gr. &?;, dim. of &?;, &?;, foot.] <def>A support or
supporter; a stay; a prop.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If a vine be to climb trees that are of any great height,
there would be stays and <i>appuies</i> set to it.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Point d'appui</b></col> (&?;). [F., a point of support.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A given point or body, upon which
troops are formed, or by which are marched in line or column.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An advantageous defensive support, as a castle,
morass, wood, declivity, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ap"pulse</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>appulsus</i>,
fr. <i>appellere</i>, <i>appulsum</i>, to drive to; <i>ad</i> +
<i>pellere</i> to drive: cf. F. <i>appulse</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
driving or running towards; approach; impulse; also, the act of striking
against.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all consonants there is an <i>appulse</i> of the
organs.<BR>
<i>Holder.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The near approach of one
heavenly body to another, or to the meridian; a coming into conjunction;
as, the <i>appulse</i> of the moon to a star, or of a star to the
meridian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pul"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A driving or
striking against; an appulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pul"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Striking against;
impinging; as, the <i>appulsive</i> influence of the planets.</def>  <i>P.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pul"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
appulsion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pur"te*nance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>apurtenaunce</i>, <i>apartenance</i>, F. <i>appartenance</i>, LL.
<i>appartenentia</i>, from L. <i>appertinere</i>. See <u>Appertain</u>.]
<def>That which belongs to something else; an adjunct; an appendage; an
accessory; something annexed to another thing more worthy; in common
parlance and legal acceptation, something belonging to another thing as
principal, and which passes as incident to it, as a right of way, or other
easement to land; a right of common to pasture, an outhouse, barn, garden,
or orchard, to a house or messuage. In a strict legal sense, land can never
pass as an appurtenance to land.</def>  <i>Tomlins.</i> <i>Bouvier.</i>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Globes . . . provided as <i>appurtenances</i> to
astronomy.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The structure of the eye, and of its
<i>appurtenances</i>.<BR>
<i>Reid.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pur"te*nant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>appartenant</i>, p. pr. of <i>appartenir</i>. See <u>Appurtenance</u>.]
<def>Annexed or pertaining to some more important thing; accessory;
incident; as, a right of way <i>appurtenant</i> to land or buildings.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Common appurtenant</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Common, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></u></cd></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pur"te*nant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something which
belongs or appertains to another thing; an appurtenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mysterious <i>appurtenants</i> and symbols of
redemption.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ri*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>apricatus</i>, p. p. of <i>apricare</i>, fr. <i>apricus</i> exposed to
the sun, fr. <i>aperire</i> to uncover, open.] <def>To bask in the
sun.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap`ri*ca"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Basking in the
sun.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A"pri*cot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>apricock</i>,
<i>abricot</i>, F. <i>abricot</i>, fr. Sp. <i>albaricoque</i> or Pg.
<i>albricoque</i>, fr. Ar. <i>albirq&umacr;q</i>, <i>al-burq&umacr;q</i>.
Though the E. and F. form <i>abricot</i> is derived from the Arabic through
the Spanish, yet the Arabic word itself was formed from the Gr.
<grk>praiko`kia</grk>, pl. (Diosc. c. 100) fr. L. <i>praecoquus</i>,
<i>praecox</i>, early ripe. The older E. form <i>apricock</i> was prob.
taken direct from Pg. See <u>Precocious</u>, <u>Cook</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A fruit allied to the plum, of an orange color, oval shape, and
delicious taste; also, the tree (<i>Prunus Armeniaca</i> of Linn&aelig;us)
which bears this fruit. By cultivation it has been introduced throughout
the temperate zone.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"pril</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Aprilis</i>. OE. also
<i>Averil</i>, F. <i>Avril</i>, fr. L. <i>Aprilis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The fourth month of the year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: With reference to April being the month in
which vegetation begins to put forth, the variableness of its weather,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>April's</i> her eyes; it is love's spring.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>April fool</b></col>, <cd>one who is sportively imposed upon by
others on the first day of April.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||A` pri*o"ri</hw> (&?;). [L. <i>a</i> (<i>ab</i>) + <i>prior</i>
former.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Characterizing that kind of
reasoning which deduces consequences from definitions formed, or principles
assumed, or which infers effects from causes previously known; deductive or
deductively. The reverse of <i>a posteriori</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>Applied to knowledge and
conceptions assumed, or presupposed, as prior to experience, in order to
make experience rational or possible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>A priori</i>, that is, form these necessities of the mind
or forms of thinking, which, though first revealed to us by experience,
must yet have pre&euml;xisted in order to make experience possible.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A`pri*o"rism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>apriorisme</i>.] <def>An <i>a priori</i> principle.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`pri*or"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being innate in the mind, or prior to experience; <i>a priori</i>
reasoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*proc"ta</hw> (&adot;*pr&obreve;k"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. + <grk>prwkto`s</grk>
anus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of Turbellaria in which there is no
anal aperture.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*proc"tous</hw> (-t&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Without an anal orifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"pron</hw> (&amacr;"p&ubreve;rn <i>or</i> &amacr;"pr&ubreve;n;
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>napron</i>, OF. <i>naperon</i>, F.
<i>napperon</i>, dim. of OF. <i>nape</i>, F. <i>nappe</i>, cloth,
tablecloth, LL. <i>napa</i>, fr. L. <i>mappa</i>, napkin, table napkin. See
<u>Map</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An article of dress, of cloth,
leather, or other stuff, worn on the fore part of the body, to keep the
clothes clean, to defend them from injury, or as a covering. It is commonly
tied at the waist by strings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something which by its shape or use suggests an
apron;</def> as, <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The fat skin covering the belly
of a goose or duck.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A piece of leather, or other material, to be
spread before a person riding on an outside seat of a vehicle, to defend
him from the rain, snow, or dust; a boot.</def>  "The weather being too hot
for the <i>apron</i>." <i>Hughes.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Gun.)</i>
<def>A leaden plate that covers the vent of a cannon.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A piece of carved timber,
just above the foremost end of the keel.</def> <i>Totten</i>.
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A platform, or flooring of plank, at the entrance
of a dock, against which the dock gates are shut.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
<def>A flooring of plank before a dam to cause the water to make a gradual
descent.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The piece that holds
the cutting tool of a planer.</def> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <i>(Plumbing)</i>
<def>A strip of lead which leads the drip of a wall into a gutter; a
flashing.</def> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The infolded
abdomen of a crab.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"proned</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing an
apron.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cobbler <i>aproned</i>, and a parson gowned.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A"pron*ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Apronfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The quantity an apron can
hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"pron*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without an
apron.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"pron man`</hw> (&?;). <def>A man who wears an apron; a laboring
man; a mechanic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"pron string`</hw> (&?;). <def>The string of an apron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be tied to a</b></col> <col><b>wife's</b></col> or
<col><b>mother's</b></col> <col><b>apron strings</b></col>, <cd>to be
unduly controlled by a wife or mother.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He was so made that he could not submit <i>to be tied to the
apron strings</i> even of the best of wives.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ro*pos`</hw> (&abreve;p"r&osl;*p&omacr;`), <pos><i>a. &
adv.</i></pos> [F. <i>&agrave; propos</i>; <i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) +
<i>propos</i> purpose, L. <i>proposium</i> plan, purpose, fr.
<i>proponere</i> to propose. See <u>Propound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Opportunely or opportune; seasonably or seasonable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tale extremely <i>apropos</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By the way; to the purpose; relevant; suitably
to the place or subject; -- a word used to introduce an incidental
observation, suited to the occasion, though not strictly belonging to the
narration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Apse</hw> (&abreve;ps), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> Apses (-
s&ebreve;z). [See <u>Apsis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A projecting part of a building, esp. of a church,
having in the plan a polygonal or semicircular termination, and, most
often, projecting from the east end. In early churches the Eastern apse was
occupied by seats for the bishop and clergy.</def>   Hence:
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bishop's seat or throne, in ancient
churches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reliquary, or case in which the relics of
saints were kept.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is also written <i>apsis</i> and <i>absis</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ap"si*dal</hw> (&abreve;p"s&ibreve;*d<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the apsides of an orbit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the apse of a
church; as, the <i>apsidal</i> termination of the chancel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"si*des</hw> (&abreve;p"s&ibreve;*d&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Apsis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap"sis</hw> (&abreve;p"s&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Apsides</b></plw> (&abreve;p"s&ibreve;*d&emacr;z). See
<u>Apse</u>. [L. <i>apsis</i>, <i>absis</i>, Gr. <grk>"apsi`s</grk>,
<grk>"apsi^dos</grk>, a tying, fastening, the hoop of a wheel, the wheel, a
bow, arch, vault, fr. <grk>"a`ptein</grk> to fasten.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the two points of an orbit, as of a planet or
satellite, which are at the greatest and least distance from the central
body, corresponding to the aphelion and perihelion of a planet, or to the
apogee and perigee of the moon. The more distant is called the <i>higher
apsis</i>; the other, the <i>lower apsis</i>; and the line joining them,
the <i>line of apsides</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>In a curve referred to polar
co&ouml;rdinates, any point for which the radius vector is a maximum or
minimum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Apse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Apt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>apte</i>, L.
<i>aptus</i>, fr. obsolete <i>apere</i> to fasten, to join, to fit, akin to
<i>apisci</i> to reach, attain: cf. Gr. &?; to fasten, Skr.
<i>&amacr;pta</i> fit, fr. <i>&amacr;p</i> to reach attain.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fit or fitted; suited; suitable;
appropriate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have always <i>apt</i> instruments.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A river . . . <i>apt</i> to be forded by a lamb.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having an habitual tendency; habitually liable
or likely; -- used of things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My vines and peaches . . . were <i>apt</i> to have a soot or
smuttiness upon their leaves and fruit.<BR>
<i>Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This tree, if unprotected, is <i>apt</i> to be stripped of
the leaves by a leaf-cutting ant.<BR>
<i>Lubbock.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inclined; disposed customarily; given; ready; --
used of persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Apter</i> to give than thou wit be to ask.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That lofty pity with which prosperous folk are <i>apt</i> to
remember their grandfathers.<BR>
<i>F. Harrison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Ready; especially fitted or qualified (to do
something); quick to learn; prompt; expert; as, a pupil <i>apt</i> to
learn; an <i>apt</i> scholar.</def> "An <i>apt</i> wit."
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Live a thousand years,<BR>
I shall not find myself so <i>apt</i> to die.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I find thee <i>apt</i> . . . Now, Hamlet, hear.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fit; meet; suitable; qualified; inclined; disposed;
liable; ready; quick; prompt.</p>

<p><hw>Apt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>aptare</i>. See
<u>Aptate</u>.] <def>To fit; to suit; to adapt.</def> [Obs.] " To
<i>apt</i> their places."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That our speech be <i>apted</i> to edification.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Apt"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>aptabilis</i>,
fr. L. <i>aptare</i>.] <def>Capable of being adapted.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>aptatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>aptare</i>. See <u>Apt</u>.] <def>To make fit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ap"te*ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. <i>aptera</i>,
fr. Gr. &?; without wings; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; wing, &?; to fly.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Insects without wings, constituting the seventh
Linn&aelig;n order of insects, an artificial group, which included
Crustacea, spiders, centipeds, and even worms. These animals are now placed
in several distinct classes and orders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ter*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Apterous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Without lateral columns; --
applied to buildings which have no series of columns along their sides, but
are either prostyle or amphiprostyle, and opposed to
<i>peripteral</i>.</def>  <i>R. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ter*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Aptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap*te"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Aptera</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Naked spaces between the feathered
areas of birds. See <u>Pteryli&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"ter*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Destitute of wings; apteral; as, <i>apterous</i>
insects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Destitute of winglike membranous
expansions, as a stem or petiole; -- opposed to <i>alate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap*ter"y*ges</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Apteryx</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of birds, including the
genus Apteryx.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap"te*ryx</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + <grk>pte`ryx</grk> wing. Cf. <u>Aptera</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of New Zealand birds about the size of a hen, with only short
rudiments of wings, armed with a claw and without a tail; the kiwi. It is
allied to the gigantic extinct moas of the same country. Five species are
known.</def></p>

<p><hw>Apt"i*tude</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>aptitude</i>, LL.
<i>aptitudo</i>, fr. L. <i>aptus</i>. See <u>Apt</u>, and cf.
<u>Attitude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A natural or acquired disposition
or capacity for a particular purpose, or tendency to a particular action or
effect; as, oil has an <i>aptitude</i> to burn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He seems to have had a peculiar <i>aptitude</i> for the
management of irregular troops.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A general fitness or suitableness;
adaptation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That sociable and helpful <i>aptitude</i> which God
implanted between man and woman.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Readiness in learning; docility;
aptness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a boy of remarkable <i>aptitude</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Apt`i*tu"di*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable;
fit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Apt"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an apt or suitable
manner; fitly; properly; pertinently; appropriately; readily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Apt"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fitness;
suitableness; appropriateness; as, the <i>aptness</i> of things to their
end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>aptness</i> of his quotations.<BR>
<i>J. R. Green.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 76  !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposition of the mind; propensity; as, the
<i>aptness</i> of men to follow example.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Quickness of apprehension; readiness in
learning; docility; as, an <i>aptness</i> to learn is more observable in
some children than in others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Proneness; tendency; as, the <i>aptness</i> of
iron to rust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap"tote</hw> (&abreve;p"t&omacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aptotum</i>, Gr. &?; indeclinable; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; fallen,
declined, &?; to fall.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A noun which has no distinction
of cases; an indeclinable noun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*tot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
characterized by, aptotes; uninflected; as, <i>aptotic</i>
languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap"ty*chus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?;, &?;, fold.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A shelly
plate found in the terminal chambers of ammonite shells. Some authors
consider them to be jaws; others, opercula.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"pus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;. See
<u>Apode</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
fresh-water phyllopod crustaceans. See <u>Phyllopod</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`y*ret"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a&?;</i> not
+ <i>pyretic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Without fever; -- applied to days
when there is an intermission of fever.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ap`y*rex"i*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ap`y*rex`y</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>apyrexia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk> priv.
+ &?; to be feverish, fr. &?; fire: cf. F. <i>apyrexie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The absence or intermission of fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`y*rex"i*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Relating to apyrexy.</def> "<i>Apyrexial</i> period."  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ap"y*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; fire.] <def>Incombustible; capable of sustaining a strong heat
without alteration of form or properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"qua</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Ewer</u>.]
<def>Water; -- a word much used in pharmacy and the old chemistry, in
various signification, determined by the word or words annexed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aqua ammoni&aelig;</b></col>, <cd>the aqueous solution of
ammonia; liquid ammonia; often called <i>aqua ammonia</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Aqua marine</b></col> (&?;), or <col><b>Aqua marina</b></col>
(&?;). <cd>Same as <u>Aquamarine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Aqua regia</b></col>
(&?;). [L., royal water] <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a very corrosive fuming yellow
liquid consisting of nitric and hydrochloric acids. It has the power of
dissolving gold, the "royal" metal.</cd> -- <col><b>Aqua Tofana</b></col>
(&?;), <cd>a fluid containing arsenic, and used for secret poisoning, made
by an Italian woman named <i>Tofana</i>, in the middle of the 17th century,
who is said to have poisoned more than 600 persons.</cd> <i>Francis</i>. --
<col><b>Aqua vit&aelig;</b></col> (&?;) [L., water of life. Cf. <u>Eau de
vie</u>, <u>Usquebaugh</u>], <cd>a name given to brandy and some other
ardent spirits.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A`qua for"tis</hw> (&?;). [L., strong water.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Nitric acid.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>A`qua*ma*rine"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
transparent, pale green variety of beryl, used as a gem. See
<u>Beryl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`qua*punc"ture</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aqua</i>
water, + <i>punctura</i> puncture, <i>pungere</i>, <i>punctum</i>, to,
prick.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The introduction of water subcutaneously for the
relief of pain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Aq`ua*relle"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Ital
<i>acquerello</i>, fr. <i>acqua</i> water, L. <i>aqua</i>.] <def>A design
or painting in thin transparent water colors; also, the mode of painting in
such colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aq`ua*rel"list</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A painter in
thin transparent water colors.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*qua"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*qua"ri*an</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to an aquarium.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*qua"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. (assumed)
<i>Aquarianus</i>, fr. <i>aqua</i>: cf. F. <i>Aquarien</i>. See
<u>Aqua</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect of Christian in the
primitive church who used water instead of wine in the Lord's
Supper.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*qua"ri*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Aquariums</b></plw> (&?;), L. <plw><b>Aquaria</b></plw> (&?;). [L.
See <u>Aquarius</u>, <u>Ewer</u>.] <def>An artificial pond, or a globe or
tank (usually with glass sides), in which living specimens of aquatic
animals or plants are kept.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*qua"ri*us</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aquarius</i>,
adj., relating to water, and n., a water-carrier, fr. <i>aqua</i>. See
<u>Aqua</u>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The Water-bearer;
the eleventh sign in the zodiac, which the sun enters about the 20th of
January; -- so called from the rains which prevail at that season in Italy
and the East.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A constellation south of
Pegasus.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*quat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aquaticus</i>: cf.
F. <i>aquatique</i>. See <u>Aqua</u>.] <def>Pertaining to water; growing in
water; living in, swimming in, or frequenting the margins of waters; as,
<i>aquatic</i> plants and fowls.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*quat`ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
aquatic animal or plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Sports or exercises practiced in or
on the water.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*quat"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Aquatic.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Aq"ua*tile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aquatilis</i>:
cf. F. <i>aquatile</i>.] <def>Inhabiting the water.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A"qua*tint</hw> (&?;), <hw>A`qua*tin"ta</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>acquatinta</i> dyed water; <i>acqua</i> (L.
<i>aqua</i>) water + <i>tinto</i>, fem. <i>tinta</i>, dyed. See
<u>Tint</u>.] <def>A kind of etching in which spaces are bitten by the use
of aqua fortis, by which an effect is produced resembling a drawing in
water colors or India ink; also, the engraving produced by this
method.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aq"ue*duct</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>aqueduc</i>, OF.
<i>aqueduct</i> (Cotgr.), fr. L. <i>aquaeductus</i>; <i>aquae</i>, gen. of
<i>aqua</i> water + <i>ductus</i> a leading, <i>ducere</i> to lead. See
<u>Aqua</u>, <u>Duke</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A conductor, conduit, or
artificial channel for conveying water, especially one for supplying large
cities with water.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is also applied to a structure (similar to the ancient
aqueducts), for conveying a canal over a river or hollow; more properly
called an <i>aqueduct bridge</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A canal or passage; as, the
<i>aqueduct</i> of <i>Sylvius</i>, a channel connecting the third and
fourth ventricles of the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*que"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wateriness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A"que*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>aqueux</i>, L.
<i>aquosus</i>, fr. <i>aqua</i>. See <u>Aqua</u>, <u>Aquose</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Partaking of the nature of water, or abounding with
it; watery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>aqueous</i> vapor of the air.<BR>
<i>Tyndall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made from, or by means of, water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>aqueous</i> deposit.<BR>
<i>Dana.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Aqueous extract</b></col>, <cd>an extract obtained from a
vegetable substance by steeping it in water.</cd> -- <col><b>Aqueous
humor</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one the humors of the eye; a limpid
fluid, occupying the space between the crystalline lens and the cornea.
(See <u>Eye</u>.)</cd> -- <col><b>Aqueous rocks</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>,
<cd>those which are deposited from water and lie in strata, as opposed to
<i>volcanic</i> rocks, which are of igneous origin; -- called also
<i>sedimentary</i> rocks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A`que*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wateriness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*quif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aqua</i> water
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Consisting or conveying water or a watery fluid;
as, <i>aquiferous</i> vessels; the <i>aquiferous</i> system.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"qui*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aqua</i> water +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Aq"ui*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aquil&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L., an eagle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of eagles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A northern constellation
southerly from Lyra and Cygnus and preceding the Dolphin; the
Eagle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aquila alba</b></col> [L., white eagle], <cd>an alchemical name
of <i>calomel</i>.</cd>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Aq"ui*la`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Adorned with eagles' heads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aq"ui*line</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aquilinus</i>,
fr. <i>aquila</i> eagle: cf. F. <i>aquilin</i>. See <u>Eagle</u>. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to or like an eagle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Curving; hooked; prominent, like the beak of an
eagle; -- applied particularly to the nose</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Terribly arched and <i>aquiline</i> his nose.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Aq"ui*lon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aquilo</i>, <i>-
lonis</i>: cf. F. <i>aquilon</i>.] <def>The north wind.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*quip"a*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aqua</i> water
+ <i>parere</i> to bring forth.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Secreting water; --
applied to certain glands.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aq`ui*ta"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Aquitania, now called <i>Gascony</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*quose"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aquosus</i> watery,
fr. <i>aqua</i>. See <u>Aqua</u>, <u>Aqueous</u>.] <def>Watery;
aqueous.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*quos"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>aquositas</i>.]
<def>The condition of being wet or watery; wateriness.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Very little water or <i>aquosity</i> is found in their
belly.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Ere; before.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>The Altar; a southern constellation, south of the tail of the
Scorpion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native Indian name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name of the great blue and yellow macaw (<i>Ara
ararauna</i>), native of South America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ab</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. ultimately fr. Heb.
<i>arabah</i> a desert, the name employed, in the Old Testament, to denote
the valley of the Jordan and Dead Sea. Ar. <i>Arab</i>, Heb. <i>arabi</i>,
<i>arbi</i>, <i>arbim</i>: cf. F. <i>Arabe</i>, L. <i>Arabs</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<def>One of a swarthy race occupying Arabia, and numerous in Syria,
Northern Africa, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Street Arab</b></col>, <cd>a homeless vagabond in the streets of
a city, particularly and outcast boy or girl.</cd>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ragged outcasts and <i>street Arabs</i> who are
shivering in damp doorways.<BR>
<i>Lond. Sat. Rev.</i>
</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar`a*besque"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>arabesque</i>,
fr. It. <i>arabesco</i>, fr. <i>Arabo</i> Arab.] <def>A style of
ornamentation either painted, inlaid, or carved in low relief. It consists
of a pattern in which plants, fruits, foliage, etc., as well as figures of
men and animals, real or imaginary, are fantastically interlaced or put
together.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It was employed in Roman imperial ornamentation, and appeared,
without the animal figures, in Moorish and Arabic decorative art. (See
<u>Moresque</u>.) The arabesques of the Renaissance were founded on Greco-
Roman work.</p>

<p><hw>Ar`a*besque"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Arabian.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or exhibiting, the style of
ornament called <i>arabesque</i>; as, <i>arabesque</i> frescoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`a*besqued"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ornamented in
the style of arabesques.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ra"bi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Arabia or its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arabian bird</b></col>, <cd>the phenix.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ra"bi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of Arabia; an
Arab.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"a*bic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Arabicus</i>, fr.
<i>Arabia</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Arabia or the Arabians.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arabic numerals</b></col> or <col><b>figures</b></col>, <cd>the
nine digits, 1, 2, 3, etc., and the cipher 0.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum
arabic</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Gum</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar"a*bic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of the
Arabians.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Arabic</i> is a Semitic language, allied to the Hebrew. It
is very widely diffused, being the language in which all Mohammedans must
read the Koran, and is spoken as a vernacular tongue in Arabia, Syria, and
Northern Africa.</p>

<p><hw>A*rab"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
Arabia; Arabic.</def>  -- <wf>A*rab"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ar"a*bin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A carbohydrate, isomeric with cane sugar, contained in
gum <i>arabic</i>, from which it is extracted as a white, amorphous
substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mucilage, especially that made of gum
arabic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"a*bin*ose`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
sugar of the composition C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, obtained
from cherry gum by boiling it with dilute sulphuric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"a*bism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>Arabisme</i>.]
<def>An Arabic idiom peculiarly of language.</def>  <i>Stuart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`a*bist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>Arabiste</i>.]
<def>One well versed in the Arabic language or literature; also, formerly,
one who followed the Arabic system of surgery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>arable</i>, L.
<i>arabilis</i>, fr. <i>arare</i> to plow, akin to Gr. &?;, E. <i>ear</i>,
to plow. See <u>Earable</u>.] <def>Fit for plowing or tillage; -- hence,
often applied to land which has been plowed or tilled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Arable land; plow
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"a*by</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The country of
Arabia.</def>   [Archaic &amp; Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>||Ar`a*ca*nese"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Aracan, a province of British Burmah.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.
sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>A native or natives of Aracan.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`ra*&ccedil;a"ri</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American bird, of the genus
<i>Pleroglossius</i>, allied to the toucans. There are several
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*race"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aracen</i>,
<i>arasen</i>, OF. <i>arachier</i>, <i>esracier</i>, F. <i>arracher</i>,
fr. L. <i>exradicare</i>, <i>eradicare</i>. The prefix <i>a-</i> is perh.
due to L. <i>ab</i>. See <u>Eradicate</u>.] <def>To tear up by the roots;
to draw away.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ra"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arum</i> a genus
of plants, fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to an order of
plants, of which the genus <i>Arum</i> is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rach"nid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
arachnidan.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*rach"ni*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; spider.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the classes of Arthropoda. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have four pairs of legs, no antenn&aelig; nor wings, a pair
of mandibles, and one pair of maxill&aelig; or palpi. The head is usually
consolidated with the thorax. The respiration is either by tranche&aelig;
or by pulmonary sacs, or by both. The class includes three principal
orders: <i>Araneina</i>, or spiders; <i>Arthrogastra</i>, including
scorpions, etc.; and <i>Acarina</i>, or mites and ticks.</p>

<p><hw>A*rach"ni*dan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; spider.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Arachnida.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ach*nid"i*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the Arachnida.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to the arachnidium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`ach*nid"i*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Arachnida</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The glandular organ in which
the material for the web of spiders is secreted.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`ach*ni"tis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?;.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the arachnoid membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rach"noid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; like a cobweb;
&?; spider, spider's web + &?; form.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a
spider's web; cobweblike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a thin membrane of
the brain and spinal cord, between the dura mater and pia mater.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Covered with, or composed of,
soft, loose hairs or fibers, so as to resemble a cobweb;
cobwebby.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rach"noid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The arachnoid membrane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Arachnoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ach*noid"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the arachnoid membrane; arachnoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`ach*noid"e*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Arachnida</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rach`no*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to arachnology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ach*nol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in, or studies, arachnology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ach*nol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; spider +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The department of zo&ouml;logy which treats of spiders
and other Arachnida.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`r&aelig;*om"e*ter</hw> (?; 277). <def>See
<u>Areometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*r&aelig;"o*style</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>araeostylos</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; at intervals + &?; pillar, column.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Intercolumniation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*r&aelig;`o*sys"tyle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
as intervals + &?;. See <u>Systyle</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See
<u>Intercolumniation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`a*go*nese</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Aragon, in Spain, or to its inhabitants.</def>  -- <pos><i>n. sing. &
pl.</i></pos> <def>A native or natives of Aragon, in Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rag"o*nite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Aragon</i>,
in Spain.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral identical in composition with
calcite or carbonate of lime, but differing from it in its crystalline form
and some of its physical characters.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`ra*gua"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American monkey, the ursine howler
(<i>Mycetes ursinus</i>). See <u>Howler</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*raise""</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To raise.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ak</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Arrack</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar`a*m&aelig;an</hw>, <hw>Ar`a*me"an</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Aramaeus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. Heb.
<i>Ar&amacr;m</i>, <i>i. e.</i> Highland, a name given to Syria and
Mesopotamia.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Syrians and Chaldeans, or to
their language; Aramaic.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of
Aram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`a*ma"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Aram&aelig;an</u>, a.] <def>Pertaining to Aram, or to the territory,
inhabitants, language, or literature of Syria and Mesopotamia;
Aram&aelig;an; -- specifically applied to the northern branch of the
Semitic family of languages, including Syriac and Chaldee.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Aramaic language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`a*ma"ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An idiom of the
Aramaic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ar`a*ne"i*da</hw> (&?;), <hw>||Ar`a*ne*oid"e*a</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Araneina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`a*ne"i*dan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Araneina or spiders.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Araneina; a spider.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`a*ne"i*form</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aranea</i>
spider + -<i>form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the form of a
spider.</def>  <i>Kirby.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*ra`ne*i"na</hw> (&adot;*r&amacr;`n&esl;*&imacr;"n&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>aranea</i> spider.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The order of Arachnida that includes the
spiders.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have mandibles, modified as poison fangs, leglike palpi,
simple eyes, abdomen without segments, and spinnerets for spinning a web.
They breathe by pulmonary sacs and trache&aelig; in the abdomen. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</p>

<p><hw>A*ra"ne*ose`</hw> (&adot;*r&amacr;"n&esl;*&omacr;s`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>araneosus</i>.] <def>Of the aspect of a
spider's web; arachnoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ra"ne*ous</hw> (-&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>araneosus</i>, fr. <i>aranea</i> spider, spider's web.] <def>Cobweblike;
extremely thin and delicate, like a cobweb; as, the <i>araneous</i>
membrane of the eye. See <u>Arachnoid</u>.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><! p. 77  !></p>

<p><hw>||A*ran"go</hw> (&adot;*r&abreve;&nsm;"g&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Arangoes</b></plw> (-g&omacr;z).
[The native name.] <def>A bead of rough carnelian. Arangoes were formerly
imported from Bombay for use in the African slave trade.</def>
<i>McCulloch.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A`ra*pai"ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large fresh-water food fish of South
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*ra"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The palm (or great black) cockatoo, of Australia
(<i>Microglossus aterrimus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aratio</i>, fr.
<i>arare</i> to plow.] <def>Plowing; tillage.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lands are said to be in a state of <i>aration</i> when they
are under tillage.<BR>
<i>Brande.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>aratorius</i>:
cf. F. <i>aratoire</i>.] <def>Contributing to tillage.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`au*ca"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Araucania</i>,
a territory south of Chili.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of tall conifers of
the pine family. The species are confined mostly to South America and
Australia. The wood cells differ from those of other in having the dots in
their lateral surfaces in two or three rows, and the dots of contiguous
rows alternating. The seeds are edible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`au*ca"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to, or
of the nature of, the Araucaria. The earliest conifers in geological
history were mostly Araucarian.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar"ba*lest</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar"ba*list</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>arbaleste</i>, LL. <i>arbalista</i>, for L.
<i>arcuballista</i>; <i>arcus</i> bow + <i>ballista</i> a military engine.
See <u>Ballista</u>.] <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A crossbow, consisting of a
steel bow set in a shaft of wood, furnished with a string and a trigger,
and a mechanical device for bending the bow. It served to throw arrows,
darts, bullets, etc.</def> [Written also <i>arbalet</i> and
<i>arblast</i>.]  <i>Fosbroke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar"ba*lest`er</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar"ba*list`er</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>arblastere</i>, OF. <i>arbalestier</i>. See
<u>Arbalest</u>.] <def>A crossbowman.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bi*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arbiter</i>;
<i>ar-</i> (for <i>ad</i>) + the root of <i>betere</i> to go; hence
properly, one who comes up to look on.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person
appointed, or chosen, by parties to determine a controversy between
them.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In modern usage, <i>arbitrator</i> is the technical word.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any person who has the power of judging and
determining, or ordaining, without control; one whose power of deciding and
governing is not limited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For Jove is <i>arbiter</i> of both to man.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Arbitrator; umpire; director; referee; controller; ruler;
governor.</p>

<p><hw>Ar"bi*ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act as arbiter
between.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"bi*tra*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>arbitrable</i>, fr. L. <i>arbitrari</i>. See <u>Arbitrate</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Capable of being decided by arbitration;
determinable.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bi*trage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>arbiter</i>
to give judgment, L. <i>arbitrari</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Judgment by
an arbiter; authoritative determination.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com)</i> <def>A traffic in bills of exchange (see
<i>Arbitration of Exchange</i>); also, a traffic in stocks which bear
differing values at the same time in different markets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bi*tral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arbitralis</i>.]
<def>Of or relating to an arbiter or an arbitration.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar*bit"ra*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>arbitramentum</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Determination; decision;
arbitration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>arbitrament</i> of time.<BR>
<i>Everett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Gladly at this moment would MacIvor have put their quarrel
to personal <i>arbitrament</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The award of arbitrators.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bi*tra*ri*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
arbitrary manner; by will only; despotically; absolutely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bi*tra*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being arbitrary; despoticalness; tyranny.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`bi*tra"ri*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arbitrarius</i>. See <u>Arbitrary</u>.] <def>Arbitrary; despotic.</def>
[Obs.]  -- <wf>Ar`bi*tra"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"bi*tra*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arbitrarius</i>, fr. <i>arbiter</i>: cf. F. <i>arbitraire</i>. See
<u>Arbiter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Depending on will or discretion;
not governed by any fixed rules; as, an <i>arbitrary</i> decision; an
<i>arbitrary</i> punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was wholly <i>arbitrary</i> in them to do so.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Rank pretends to fix the value of every one, and is the most
<i>arbitrary</i> of all things.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exercised according to one's own will or
caprice, and therefore conveying a notion of a tendency to abuse the
possession of power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Arbitrary</i> power is most easily established on the
ruins of liberty abused licentiousness.<BR>
<i>Washington.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Despotic; absolute in power; bound by no law;
harsh and unforbearing; tyrannical; as, an <i>arbitrary</i> prince or
government.</def>
 <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Arbitrary constant</b></col>, <col><b>Arbitrary
function</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a quantity of function that is
introduced into the solution of a problem, and to which any value or form
may at will be given, so that the solution may be made to meet special
requirements.</cd> -- <col><b>Arbitrary quantity</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>one to which any value can be assigned at pleasure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bi*trate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Arbitrated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Arbitrating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>arbitratus</i>, p. p. of <i>arbitrari</i>
to be a hearer or beholder of something, to make a decision, to give
judgment, fr. <i>arbiter</i>. See <u>Arbiter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To hear and decide, as arbitrators; as, to choose to <i>arbitrate</i>
a disputed case.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To decide, or determine generally.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There shall your swords and lances <i>arbitrate</i><BR>
The swelling difference of your settled hate.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bi*trate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To decide; to determine.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act as arbitrator or judge; as, to
<i>arbitrate</i> upon several reports; to <i>arbitrate</i> in disputes
among neighbors; to <i>arbitrate</i> between parties to a suit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`bi*tra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>arbitration</i>, L. <i>arbitratio</i>, fr. <i>arbitrari</i>.] <def>The
hearing and determination of a cause between parties in controversy, by a
person or persons chosen by the parties.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This may be done by one person; but it is usual to choose two or
three called <i>arbitrators</i>; or for each party to choose one, and these
to name a third, who is called the <i>umpire</i>. Their determination is
called the <i>award</i>.  <i>Bouvier</i></p>

<p><col><b>Arbitration bond</b></col>, <cd>a bond which obliges one to
abide by the award of an arbitration.</cd> -- <col><b>Arbitration of
Exchange</b></col>, <cd>the operation of converting the currency of one
country into that of another, or determining the rate of exchange between
such countries or currencies. An <i>arbitrated rate</i> is one determined
by such arbitration through the medium of one or more intervening
currencies.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bi*tra`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>arbitrari</i>: cf. F. <i>arbitrateur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
person, or one of two or more persons, chosen by parties who have a
controversy, to determine their differences. See
<u>Arbitration</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has the power of deciding or prescribing
without control; a ruler; a governor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though Heaven be shut,<BR>
And Heaven's high <i>Arbitrators</i> sit secure.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Masters of their own terms and <i>arbitrators</i> of a
peace.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Judge; umpire; referee; arbiter. See <u>Judge</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ar"bi*tra`trix</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fem. of
<i>arbitrator</i>.] <def>A female who arbitrates or judges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bi*tress</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Arbiter</u>.]
<def>A female arbiter; an arbitratrix.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"blast</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A crossbow. See
<u>Arbalest</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>herber</i>,
<i>herbere</i>, properly a garden of herbs, F. <i>herbier</i>, fr. L.
<i>herbarium</i>. See <u>Herb</u>, and cf. <u>Herbarium</u>.] <def>A kind
of latticework formed of, or covered with, vines, branches of trees, or
other plants, for shade; a bower.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>arbour</i>.] [L.,
a tree, a beam.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree, as
distinguished from a shrub.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>arbre</i>.] <i>(Mech.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An axle or spindle of a wheel or opinion.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A mandrel in lathe turning.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Arbor Day</b></col>, <cd>a day appointed for planting trees and
shrubs.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"bo*ra*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arborarius</i>,
fr. <i>arbor</i> tree.] <def>Of or pertaining to trees; arboreal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bo*ra`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>arbor</i>
tree.] <def>One who plants or who prunes trees.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar"bor Di*a"n&aelig;</hw> (&?;). [L., the tree of Diana, or
silver.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A precipitation of silver, in a beautiful
arborescent form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*bo"re*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a tree, or to trees; of nature of trees.</def>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attached to, found in or upon, or frequenting,
woods or trees; as, <i>arboreal</i> animals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Woodpeckers are eminently <i>arboreal</i>.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bored</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with an
arbor; lined with trees.</def> "An <i>arboreal</i> walk."
<i>Pollok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*bo"re*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arboreous</i>,
fr. <i>arbor</i> tree.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form,
constitution, or habits, of a proper tree, in distinction from a
shrub.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or growing on, trees; as,
<i>arboreous</i> moss.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`bo*res"cence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being arborescent; the resemblance to a tree in minerals, or
crystallizations, or groups of crystals in that form; as, the
<i>arborescence</i> produced by precipitating silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`bo*res"cent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arborescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>arborescere</i> to become a tree, fr.
<i>arbor</i> tree.] <def>Resembling a tree; becoming woody in stalk;
dendritic; having crystallizations disposed like the branches and twigs of
a tree.</def> "<i>Arborescent</i> hollyhocks."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bo*ret</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>arboret</i>, dim.
of <i>arbre</i> tree, L. <i>arbor</i>] <def>A small tree or shrub.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Among thick-woven <i>arborets</i>, and flowers<BR>
Imbordered on each bank.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`bo*re"tum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Arboreta</b></plw> (&?;). [L., a place grown with trees.] <def>A
place in which a collection of rare trees and shrubs is cultivated for
scientific or educational purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*bor"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
trees.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar*bor"i*cole</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arbor</i> +
<i>colere</i> to inhabit.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Tree-inhabiting; --
said of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`bor*i*cul"tur*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to arboriculture.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`bor*i*cul"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arbor</i> tree + <i>cultura</i>. See <u>Culture</u>.] <def>The
cultivation of trees and shrubs, chiefly for timber or for ornamental
purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`bor*i*cul"tur*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
cultivates trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*bor"i*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Treelike in
shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bor*ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>arboriste</i>,
fr. L. <i>arbor</i> tree.] <def>One who makes trees his study, or who is
versed in the knowledge of trees.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`bor*i*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>arborisation</i>, fr. L. <i>arbor</i> tree.] <def>The appearance or
figure of a tree or plant, as in minerals or fossils; a dendrite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bor*ized</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a treelike
appearance.</def> "An <i>arborized</i> or moss agate."  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bor*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed by
trees.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From under shady, <i>arborous</i> roof.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bor vine`</hw> (&?;). <def>A species of bindweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar"bor vi"t&aelig;</hw> (&?;). [L., tree of life.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An evergreen tree of the cypress
tribe, genus <i>Thuja</i>. The American species is the <i>T.
occidentalis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The treelike disposition of the
gray and white nerve tissues in the cerebellum, as seen in a vertical
section.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"bus*cle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arbuscula</i>
small tree, shrub, dim. of <i>arbor</i> tree.] <def>A dwarf tree, one in
size between a shrub and a tree; a treelike shrub.</def>
<i>Bradley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*bus"cu*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a dwarf tree; shrublike.</def>  <i>Da Costa.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*bus"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arbustivus</i>,
fr. <i>arbustum</i> place where trees are planted.] <def>Containing copses
of trees or shrubs; covered with shrubs.</def>  <i>Bartram.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar"bu*tus</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar"bute</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arbutus</i>, akin to <i>arbor</i> tree.]
<def>The strawberry tree, a genus of evergreen shrubs, of the Heath family.
It has a berry externally resembling the strawberry; the arbute
tree.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trailing arbutus</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a creeping or
trailing plant of the Heath family (<i>Epig&aelig;a repens</i>), having
white or usually rose-colored flowers with a delicate fragrance, growing in
small axillary clusters, and appearing early in the spring; in New England
known as <i>mayflower</i>; -- called also <i>ground laurel</i>.</cd>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arc</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>arc</i>, L. <i>arcus</i>
bow, arc. See <u>Arch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A portion of a curved line; as, the <i>arc</i> of a
circle or of an ellipse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A curvature in the shape of a circular arc or an
arch; as, the colored <i>arc</i> (the rainbow); the <i>arc</i> of Hadley's
quadrant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An arch.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Statues and trophies, and triumphal <i>arcs</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The apparent arc described, above or below the
horizon, by the sun or other celestial body. The <i>diurnal arc</i> is
described during the daytime, the <i>nocturnal arc</i> during the
night.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Electric arc</b></col>, <col><b>Voltaic arc</b></col>.  <cd>See
under <u>Voltaic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar*cade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>arcade</i>, Sp.
<i>arcada</i>, LL. <i>arcata</i>, fr. L. <i>arcus</i> bow, arch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A series of
arches with the columns or piers which support them, the spandrels above,
and other necessary appurtenances; sometimes open, serving as an entrance
or to give light; sometimes closed at the back (as in the cut) and forming
a decorative feature.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A long, arched
building or gallery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An arched or covered passageway or
avenue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*cad"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with an
arcade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*ca"di*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Arcadia</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mountainous and picturesque district of
Greece, in the heart of the Peloponnesus, whose people were distinguished
for contentment and rural happiness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Any region or scene of simple pleasure and
untroubled quiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the cow is, there is <i>Arcadia</i>.<BR>
<i>J. Burroughs.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar*ca"di*an</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar*ca"dic</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Arcadius</i>, <i>Arcadicus</i>, fr.
<i>Arcadia</i>: cf. F. <i>Arcadien</i>, <i>Arcadique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Arcadia; pastoral; ideally rural; as, <i>Arcadian</i>
simplicity or scenery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*cane"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arcanus</i>.]
<def>Hidden; secret.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>arcane</i> part of divine
wisdom."  <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*ca"num</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Arcana</b></plw> (&?;). [L., fr. <i>arcanus</i> closed, secret, fr.
<i>arca</i> chest, box, fr. <i>arcere</i> to inclose. See <u>Ark</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A secret; a mystery; -- generally used in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inquiries into the <i>arcana</i> of the Godhead.<BR>
<i>Warburton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A secret remedy; an elixir.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Arc`*bou`tant"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A flying buttress.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>arche</i>, fr. LL.
<i>arca</i>, for <i>arcus</i>. See <u>Arc</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Any part of a curved line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Usually a
curved member made up of separate wedge-shaped solids, with the joints
between them disposed in the direction of the radii of the curve; used to
support the wall or other weight above an opening. In this sense arches are
<i>segmental</i>, <i>round</i> (i. e., semicircular), or
<i>pointed</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A flat arch is a member
constructed of stones cut into wedges or other shapes so as to support each
other without rising in a curve.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Scientifically considered, the arch is a means of spanning an
opening by resolving vertical pressure into horizontal or diagonal
thrust.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any place covered by an arch; an archway; as, to
pass into the <i>arch</i> of a bridge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any curvature in the form of an arch; as, the
<i>arch</i> of the aorta.</def>  "Colors of the showery <i>arch</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Triumphal arch</b></col>, <cd>a monumental structure resembling
an arched gateway, with one or more passages, erected to commemorate a
triumph.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Arch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Arched</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Arching</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with an arch or arches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form or bend into the shape of an
arch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The horse <i>arched</i> his neck.<BR>
<i>Charlesworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Arch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form into an arch; to
curve.</def></p>

<p><! p. 78  !></p>

<p><hw>Arch-</hw> (&auml;rch-, except in <i>archangel</i> and one or two
other words). [L. <i>arch-</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Arch-</u>.] <def>A prefix
signifying <i>chief</i>, as in <i>arch</i>builder,
<i>arch</i>fiend.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch</hw> (&auml;rch), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Arch-</u>,
pref.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Chief; eminent; greatest;
principal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most <i>arch</i> act of piteous massacre.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cunning or sly; sportively mischievous; roguish;
as, an <i>arch</i> look, word, lad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] spoke his request with so <i>arch</i> a leer.<BR>
<i>Tatler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Arch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Arch-</u>, <i>pref</i>.]
<def>A chief.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My worthy <i>arch</i> and patron comes to-night.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>-arch</hw> (&?;). [Gr. <grk>'archo`s</grk> chief, commander,
<grk>'a`rchein</grk> to rule. See <u>Arch</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A
suffix meaning <i>a ruler</i>, as in mon<i>arch</i> (a sole
ruler).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*ch&aelig;"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'archai^os</grk> ancient, fr. <grk>'archh`</grk> beginning.]
<def>Ancient; pertaining to the earliest period in geological
history.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*ch&aelig;"an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The
earliest period in geological period, extending up to the Lower Silurian.
It includes an <i>Azoic</i> age, previous to the appearance of life, and an
<i>Eozoic</i> age, including the earliest forms of life.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This is equivalent to the formerly accepted term <i>Azoic</i>,
and to the <i>Eozoic</i> of Dawson.</p>

<p><hw>Ar`ch&aelig;*og"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
ancient + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of, or a treatise on,
antiquity or antiquities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ch&aelig;*o*lith"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'archai^os</grk> ancient + <grk>liqiko`s</grk> pertaining to a stone.]
<i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the earliest Stone age; --
applied to a prehistoric period preceding the Paleolithic age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ch&aelig;*o*lo"gi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
arch&aelig;ologist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar`ch&aelig;*o*log"ic</hw> (&?;),
<hw>Ar`ch&aelig;*o*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), } <def>Relating to
arch&aelig;ology, or antiquities; as, <i>arch&aelig;ological</i>
researches.</def>  -- <wf>Ar`*ch&aelig;*o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ch&aelig;*ol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in arch&aelig;ology; an antiquary.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ch&aelig;*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'archai^os</grk> ancient (fr. <grk>'archh`</grk> beginning) + &?;
discourse, &?; to speak.] <def>The science or study of antiquities, esp.
prehistoric antiquities, such as the remains of buildings or monuments of
an early epoch, inscriptions, implements, and other relics, written
manuscripts, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`ch&aelig;*op"te*ryx</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'archai^os</grk> ancient + <grk>pte`ryx</grk> wing.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A fossil bird, of the Jurassic period, remarkable for having a long
tapering tail of many vertebr&aelig; with feathers along each side, and
jaws armed with teeth, with other reptilian characteristics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ch&aelig;*o*stom"a*tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'archai^os</grk> ancient + <grk>sto`ma</grk> mouth.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Applied to a gastrula when the blastopore does not entirely close
up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ch&aelig;*o*zo"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'archai^os</grk> ancient + <grk>zw^,on</grk> animal.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or belonging to the earliest forms of animal
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*cha"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'archai:ko`s</grk> old-fashioned, fr. <grk>'archai^os</grk> ancient.]
<def>Of or characterized by antiquity or archaism; antiquated;
obsolescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*cha"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Archaic.</def>
[R.] -- <wf>Ar*cha"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ar"cha*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'archai:smo`s</grk>, fr. <grk>'archai^os</grk> ancient, fr.
<grk>'archh`</grk> beginning: cf. F. <i>archa&iuml;sme</i>. See
<u>Arch</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ancient,
antiquated, or old-fashioned, word, expression, or idiom; a word or form of
speech no longer in common use.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Antiquity of style or use;
obsoleteness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A select vocabulary corresponding (in point of
<i>archaism</i> and remoteness from ordinary use) to our Scriptural
vocabulary.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"cha*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Am
antiquary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who uses archaisms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`cha*is"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or
imitative of, anything archaic; pertaining to an archaism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"cha*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Archaized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Archaizing</u>.] [Gr. <grk>'archai:`zein</grk>.] <def>To make appear
archaic or antique.</def>  <i>Mahaffy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arch`an"gel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>archangelus</i>,
Gr. <grk>'archa`ggelos</grk>: cf. OF. <i>archangel</i>, F. <i>archange</i>.
See <u>Arch-</u>, pref., and <u>Angel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chief
angel; one high in the celestial hierarchy.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A term applied to several
different species of plants (<i>Angelica archangelica</i>, <i>Lamium
album</i>, etc.).</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`an*gel"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>archang&eacute;lique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to archangels; of the
nature of, or resembling, an archangel.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arch`bish"op</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>arcebisceop</i>, <i>arcebiscop</i>, L. <i>archiepiscopus</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>'archiepi`skopos</grk>. See <u>Bishop</u>.] <def>A chief bishop; a
church dignitary of the first class (often called a metropolitan or
primate) who superintends the conduct of the suffragan bishops in his
province, and also exercises episcopal authority in his own
diocese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`bish"op*ric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>arcebiscopr&imacr;ce</i>. See <u>-ric</u>.] <def>The jurisdiction or
office of an archbishop; the see or province over which archbishop
exercises archiepiscopal authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch" brick`</hw> (&?;). <def>A wedge-shaped brick used in the
building of an arch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`but"ler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>arch-</i> +
<i>butler</i>.] <def>A chief butler; -- an officer of the German
empire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`cham"ber*lain</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>erzk&auml;mmerer</i>. See <u>Arch-</u>, <i>pref</i>.] <def>A chief
chamberlain; -- an officer of the old German empire, whose office was
similar to that of the great chamberlain in England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`chan"cel*lor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ger.
<i>erzkanzler</i>. See <u>Arch-</u>, <i>pref</i>.] <def>A chief chancellor;
-- an officer in the old German empire, who presided over the secretaries
of the court.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`chem"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of supreme
chemical powers.</def> [R.] "The <i>archchemic</i> sun."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arch`dea"con</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>arcediacon</i>, <i>archidiacon</i>, L. <i>archidiaconus</i>, fr. Gr.
&?;. See <u>Arch-</u>, <i>pref</i>., <i>and</i> <u>Deacon</u>.] <def>In
England, an ecclesiastical dignitary, next in rank below a bishop, whom he
assists, and by whom he is appointed, though with independent
authority.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arch`dea"con*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The district,
office, or residence of an archdeacon. See <u>Benefice</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every diocese is divided into <i>archdeaconries</i>.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Arch`dea"con*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of an
archdeacon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`di"o*cese</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>arch-</i>
+ <i>diocese</i>.] <def>The diocese of an archbishop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`du"cal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to an archduke or archduchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`duch"ess</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>arch-</i> +
<i>duchess</i>.] <def>The consort of an archduke; also, a princess of the
imperial family of Austria. See <u>Archduke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`duch"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The territory of an
archduke or archduchess.</def>  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arch`duke"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>arch-</i> +
<i>duke</i>.] <def>A prince of the imperial family of Austria.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly this title was assumed by the rulers of Lorraine,
Brabant, Austria, etc. It is now appropriated to the descendants of the
imperial family of Austria through the make line, all such male descendants
being styled <i>archduke</i>, and all such female descendants
<i>archduchesses</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Arch`duke"dom</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
archduchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`che*bi*o"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>arche-
</i> = <i>archi-</i> + Gr. <grk>bi`wsis</grk>, <grk>bi`os</grk>, life.]
<def>The origination of living matter from non-living. See
<u>Abiogenesis</u>.</def>  <i>Bastian.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arched</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made with an arch or
curve; covered with an arch; as, an <i>arched</i> door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`che*go"ni*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
the archegonium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`che*go"ni*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
the first of a race.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The pistillidium or female organ
in the higher cryptogamic plants, corresponding to the pistil in flowering
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*cheg"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Archegonium</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Spontaneous generation;
abiogenesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*chel"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an element or
first principle + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of, or a treatise on,
first principles.</def>  <i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`chen*ceph"a*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. pref. &?; + &?; the brain.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The division that
includes man alone.</def>  <i>R. Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arch`en"e*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>arch-</i> +
<i>enemy</i>.] <def>A principal enemy. Specifically, Satan, the grand
adversary of mankind.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arch`en*ter"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Relating to the archenteron; as, <i>archenteric</i>
invagination.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Arch`en"ter*on</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>arch-</i> +
Gr. &?; intestine.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The primitive enteron or
undifferentiated digestive sac of a gastrula or other embryo. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Invagination</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`che*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Ar`che*o*log`ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Same as
<u>Arch&aelig;ology</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>archier</i>, F.
<i>archer</i>, LL. <i>arcarius</i>, fr. L. <i>arcus</i> bow. See
<u>Arc</u>, <u>Arch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A bowman, one skilled
in the use of the bow and arrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch"er*ess</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
archer.</def>  <i>Markham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arch"er fish`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small fish
(<i>Toxotes jaculator</i>), of the East Indies; -- so called from its
ejecting drops of water from its mouth at its prey. The name is also
applied to <i>Ch&aelig;todon rostratus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or skill of an
archer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>archerie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The use of the bow and arrows in battle, hunting,
etc.; the art, practice, or skill of shooting with a bow and
arrows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Archers, or bowmen, collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let all our <i>archery</i> fall off<BR>
In wings of shot a-both sides of the van.<BR>
<i>Webster (1607).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Arch"es</hw> (&?;), <def>pl. of <u>Arch</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Court of arches</b></col>, or <col><b>Arches Court</b></col>
<i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the court of appeal of the Archbishop of Canterbury,
whereof the judge, who sits as deputy to the archbishop, is called the Dean
of the <i>Arches</i>, because he anciently held his court in the church of
St. Mary-<i>le-Bow (de arcubus)</i>. It is now held in Westminster.</cd>
<i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"che*ty`pal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to an archetype; consisting a model (real or ideal) or pattern;
original.</def> "One <i>archetypal</i> mind."  <i>Gudworth.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Among Platonists, the <i>archetypal world</i> is the world as it
existed as an idea of God before the creation.</p>

<p><hw>Ar"che*ty`pal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With reference to
the archetype; originally. "Parts <i>archetypally</i> distinct."</def>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"che*type</hw> (&auml;r"k&esl;*t&imacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>archetypum</i>, Gr. <grk>'arche`typon</grk>, fr.
<grk>'arche`typos</grk> stamped first and as model; <grk>'arche</grk> =
<grk>'archi</grk> + <grk>ty`pos</grk> stamp, figure, pattern,
<grk>ty`ptein</grk> to strike: cf. F. <i>arch&eacute;type</i>. See <u>Arch-
</u>, <i>pref</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The original pattern or model
of a work; or the model from which a thing is made or formed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The House of Commons, the <i>archetype</i> of all the
representative assemblies which now meet.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Types and shadows of that glorious <i>archetype</i> that was
to come into the world.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Coinage)</i> <def>The standard weight or coin by
which others are adjusted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The plan or fundamental structure
on which a natural group of animals or plants or their systems of organs
are assumed to have been constructed; as, the vertebrate
<i>archetype</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`che*typ"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
an archetype; archetypal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*che"us</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>arch&emacr;us</i>, Gr. <grk>'archai^os</grk> ancient, primeval, fr.
<grk>'archh`</grk> beginning. See <u>Archi-</u>, <i>pref</i>.] <def>The
vital principle or force which (according to the Paracelsians) presides
over the growth and continuation of living beings; the <i>anima mundi</i>
or plastic power of the old philosophers.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chi-</hw> (&?;). [L., <i>archi-</i>, Gr. <grk>'archi-</grk>, a
prefix which is from the same root as <grk>'a`rchein</grk> to be first, to
begin; <grk>'archh</grk> the first place, beginning; <grk>'archo`s</grk>
chief. Cf. AS. <i>arce-</i>, <i>erce-</i>, OHG. <i>erzi-</i>, G. <i>erz-
</i>.] <def>A prefix signifying <i>chief</i>, <i>arch</i>; as,
<i>archi</i>tect, <i>archi</i>episcopal. In <i>Biol</i>. and <i>Anat</i>.
it usually means <i>primitive</i>, <i>original</i>, <i>ancestral</i>; as,
<i>archi</i>pterygium, the primitive fin or wing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`chi*an*nel"i*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.;
pref. <i>archi-</i> + <i>annelida</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
Annelida remarkable for having no external segments or distinct ventral
nerve ganglions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chi*a`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>archiatrus</i>,
Gr. &?;; pref. &?; + &?; physician, &?; to heal.] <def>Chief physician; --
a term applied, on the continent of Europe, to the first or body physician
of princes and to the first physician of some cities.</def>  <i>P.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`chi*blas"tu*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>archi</i> + <i>blastula</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A hollow blastula,
supposed to be the primitive form; a c&oelig;loblastula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chi*cal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; able to govern,
fr. &?; beginning, government. See <u>Arch-</u>, <pos><i>pref.</i></pos>]
<def>Chief; primary; primordial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*di*ac"o*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>archidiaconus</i>, Gr. &?;, equiv. to E. <i>archdeacon</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to an archdeacon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This offense is liable to be censured in an
<i>archidiaconal</i> visitation.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*e*pis"co*pa*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>archi-</i> + <i>episcopacy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That form of
episcopacy in which the chief power is in the hands of
archbishops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or dignity of an archbishop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*e*pis"co*pal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>archi-</i> + <i>episcopal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to an archbishop;
as, Canterbury is an <i>archiepiscopal</i> see.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*e*pis`co*pal"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
station or dignity of an archbishop; archiepiscopacy.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*e*pis"co*pate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>archi-</i> + <i>episcopate</i>.] <def>The office of an archbishop; an
archbishopric.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*chi"e*rey</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>archier&eacute;i</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; pref. &?; (E. <i>arch-</i>) + &fist;
priest.] <def>The higher order of clergy in Russia, including
metropolitans, archbishops, and bishops.</def>  <i>Pinkerton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chil</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>orchel</i>,
<i>orcheil</i>, It. <i>orcella</i>, <i>oricello</i>, or OSp.
<i>orchillo</i>. Cf. <u>Orchil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A violet dye
obtained from several species of lichen (<i>Roccella tinctoria</i>, etc.),
which grow on maritime rocks in the Canary and Cape Verd Islands,
etc.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The plant from which the dye is obtained.</def>
[Written also <i>orchal</i> and <i>orchil</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*lo"chi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Archilochius</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the satiric Greek poet
Archilochus; as, <i>Archilochian</i> meter.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar"chi*mage</hw> (&?;), <hw>||Ar`chi*ma"gus</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; pref. <i>archi-</i> + L. <i>magus</i>, Gr. &?;,
a Magian.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The high priest of the Persian Magi, or
worshipers of fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A great magician, wizard, or enchanter.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*man"drite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>archimandrita</i>, LGr. &?;; pref. &?; (E. <i>arch-</i>) + &?; an
inclosed space, esp. for cattle, a fold, a monastery.] <i>(Gr. Church)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A chief of a monastery, corresponding to
<i>abbot</i> in the Roman Catholic church.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
superintendent of several monasteries, corresponding to <i>superior
abbot</i>, or <i>father provincial</i>, in the Roman Catholic
church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*me*de"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Archimedeus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Archimedes, a celebrated
Greek philosopher; constructed on the principle of Archimedes' screw; as,
<i>Archimedean</i> drill, propeller, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Archimedean screw</b></col>, or <col><b>Archimedes'
screw</b></col>, <cd>an instrument, said to have been invented by
Archimedes, for raising water, formed by winding a flexible tube round a
cylinder in the form of a screw. When the screw is placed in an inclined
position, and the lower end immersed in water, by causing the screw to
revolve, the water is raised to the upper end.</cd>  <i>Francis.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`chi*me"des</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>An extinct genus of Bryzoa characteristic of the subcarboniferous
rocks. Its form is that of a screw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The arched part of a structure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Hogging; -- opposed to
<i>sagging</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*pe*lag"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an archipelago.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*pel"a*go</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
goes</b></plw> or <plw><b>-gos</b></plw> (&?;). [It. <i>arcipelago</i>,
properly, chief sea; Gr. pref &?; + &?; sea, perh. akin to &?; blow, and
expressing the beating of the waves. See <u>Plague</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The Grecian Archipelago, or &AElig;gean Sea,
separating Greece from Asia Minor. It is studded with a vast number of
small islands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Any sea or broad sheet of water
interspersed with many islands or with a group of islands.</def></p>

<p><! p. 79  !></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*chip`te*ryg"i*um</hw>
(&auml;r*k&ibreve;p`t&esl;*r&ibreve;j"&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. pref. <grk>'archi-</grk> (E. <i>arch-
</i>) + <grk>ptery`gion</grk> wing, fin.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The primitive
form of fin, like that of Ceratodus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chi*tect</hw> (&auml;r"k&ibreve;*t&ebreve;kt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>architectus</i>, <i>architecton</i>, Gr. &?;
chief artificer, master builder; pref. <grk>'archi-</grk> (E. <i>archi-
</i>) + &?; workman, akin to &?; art, skill, &?; to produce: cf. F.
<i>architecte</i>, It. <i>architetto</i>. See <u>Technical</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person skilled in the art of building; one who
understands architecture, or makes it his occupation to form plans and
designs of buildings, and to superintend the artificers employed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contriver, designer, or maker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>architects</i> of their own happiness.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A French woman is a perfect <i>architect</i> in dress.<BR>
<i>Coldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*tec"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Used in
building; proper for building.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar`chi*tec*ton"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar`chi*tec*ton"ic*al</hw> (&?;),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>architectonicus</i>, Gr. &?;. See
<u>Architect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to a master builder,
or to architecture; evincing skill in designing or construction;
constructive.</def> "<i>Architectonic</i> wisdom."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>architectonic</i> functions which we had hitherto
thought belonged.<BR>
<i>J. C. Shairp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the systemizing of
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*tec*ton"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>architectonique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science of
architecture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of arranging knowledge into a
system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*tec*ton"ics</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science of
architecture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chi*tec`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
architect.</def> [Obs.]  <i>North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chi*tec`tress</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
architect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`chi*tec"tur*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the art of building; conformed to the rules of
architecture.</def>  -- <wf>Ar`chi*tec"tur*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chi*tec`ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>architectura</i>, fr. <i>architectus</i>: cf. F. <i>architecture</i>.
See <u>Architect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or science of
building; especially, the art of building houses, churches, bridges, and
other structures, for the purposes of civil life; -- often called <i>civil
architecture</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many other <i>architectures</i> besides Gothic.<BR>
<i>Ruskin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Construction, in a more general sense; frame or
structure; workmanship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>architecture</i> of grasses, plants, and trees.<BR>
<i>Tyndall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The formation of the first earth being a piece of divine
<i>architecture</i>.<BR>
<i>Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Military architecture</b></col>, <cd>the art of
fortifications.</cd> -- <col><b>Naval architecture</b></col>, <cd>the art
of building ships.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`chi*teu"this</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
pref. &?; + &?;, &?;, a kind of squid.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
gigantic cephalopods, allied to the squids, found esp. in the North
Atlantic and about New Zealand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chi*trave</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>architrave</i>,
fr. It. <i>architrave</i>; pref. <i>archi-</i> + <i>trave</i> beam, L.
<i>trabs</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The lower division
of an entablature, or that part which rests immediately on the column, esp.
in classical architecture. See <u>Column</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The group of moldings, or other architectural member, above and on
both sides of a door or other opening, especially if square in
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chi*traved</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
an architrave.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chi*val</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
contained in, archives or records.</def>  <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Archives</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>archives</i>, pl., L.
<i>archivum</i>, <i>archium</i>, fr. Gr. &?; government house, &?; &?;
archives, fr. &?; the first place, government. See <u>Archi-</u>,
<i>pref</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The place in which public
records or historic documents are kept.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our words . . . . become records in God's court, and are
laid up in his <i>archives</i> as witnesses.<BR>
<i>Gov. of Tongue.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Public records or documents preserved
as evidence of facts; as, the <i>archives</i> of a country or
family.</def></p>

<p>[Rarely used in <i>sing.</i>]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some rotten <i>archive</i>, rummaged out of some seldom
explored press.<BR>
<i>Lamb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Registers; records; chronicles.</p>

<p><hw>Ar"chi*vist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>archiviste</i>.]
<def>A keeper of archives or records.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"chi*volt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>archivolte</i>,
fr. It. <i>archivolto</i>; pref. <i>archi-</i> + <i>volto</i> vault, arch.
See <u>Vault</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
architectural member surrounding the curved opening of an arch,
corresponding to the architrave in the case of a square opening.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>More commonly, the molding or other ornaments with
which the wall face of the voussoirs of an arch is charged.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Arch"lute</hw> (&?;), <hw>Arch"i*lute</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>archiluth</i>, It. <i>arciliuto</i>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A large theorbo, or double-necked lute, formerly in use,
having the bass strings doubled with an octave, and the higher strings with
a unison.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an arch manner;
with attractive slyness or roguishness; slyly; waggishly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Archly</i> the maiden smiled.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Arch`mar"shal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>erzmarschall</i>. See <u>Arch-</u>, <i>pref</i>.] <def>The grand marshal
of the old German empire, a dignity that to the Elector of
Saxony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being arch;
cleverness; sly humor free from malice; waggishness.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>archon</i>, Gr. &?;,
&?;, ruler, chief magistrate, p. pr. of &?; to be first, to rule.]
<i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>One of the chief magistrates in ancient Athens,
especially, by pre&euml;minence, the first of the nine chief
magistrates.</def>  -- <wf>Ar*chon"tic</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chon*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of an
archon.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chon*tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>archontat</i>.] <def>An archon's term of office.</def>
<i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chonts</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`rchwn</grk>, <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos>  See <u>Archon</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The group including man alone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`prel"ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>arch-</i> +
<i>prelate</i>.] <def>An archbishop or other chief prelate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`pres"by*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Archpriest</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`pres"by*ter*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>arch-
</i> + <i>presbytery</i>.] <def>The absolute dominion of presbytery.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arch`priest"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chief priest;
also, a kind of vicar, or a rural dean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`pri"mate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>arch-</i> +
<i>primate</i>.] <def>The chief primate.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arch" stone`</hw> (&?;). <def>A wedge-shaped stone used in an arch;
a voussoir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`trai"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>arch-</i> +
<i>traitor</i>.] <def>A chief or transcendent traitor.</def>  <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arch`treas"ur*er</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>arch-
</i> + <i>treasurer</i>.] <def>A chief treasurer. Specifically, the great
treasurer of the German empire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch"way</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A way or passage
under an arch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch`wife"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>arch-</i> +
<i>wife</i>.] <def>A big, masculine wife.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arch"wise</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Arch-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arch"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Arched; as,
<i>archy</i> brows.</def></p>

<p><hw>*ar"chy</hw> (&?;). [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; chief. See <u>Arch-</u>,
<i>pref</i>.] <def>A suffix properly meaning <i>a rule</i>, <i>ruling</i>,
as in mon<i>archy</i>, the rule of one only. Cf. <u>-arch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ci*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arcus</i> bow +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of an arch; curved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arc"o*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arcus</i> (E.
<i>arc</i>) + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for drawing a circular arc
without the use of a central point; a cyclograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arc*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arctus</i> shut
in, narrow, p. p. of <i>arcere</i> to shut in: cf. F. <i>arctation</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Constriction or contraction of some natural passage, as
in constipation from inflammation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arc"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>artik</i>, OF.
<i>artique</i>, F. <i>arctique</i>, L. <i>arcticus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; a bear, also a northern constellation so called; akin to L.
<i>ursus</i> bear, Skr. &?;ksha.] <def>Pertaining to, or situated under,
the northern constellation called the <i>Bear</i>; northern; frigid; as,
the <i>arctic</i> pole, circle, region, ocean; an <i>arctic</i> expedition,
night, temperature.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>arctic</i> circle is a lesser circle, parallel to the
equator, 23&deg; 28&prime;  from the north pole. This and the
<i>antarctic</i> circle are called the <i>polar circles</i>, and between
these and the poles lie the frigid zones. See <u>Zone</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Arc"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
arctic circle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A warm waterproof overshoe.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Arc*tis"ca</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of Arachnida. See <i>Illust.</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arc`to*ge"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the north +
&?;, &?;, country.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to arctic
lands; as, the <i>arctogeal</i> fauna.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Arc*toid"e*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; bear + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of the Carnivora,
that includes the bears, weasels, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arc*tu"rus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Arcturus</i>, Gr.
&?; bearward, equiv. to &?;; &?; bear + &?; ward, guard. See
<u>Arctic</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A fixed star of the first magnitude in
the constellation Bo&ouml;tes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Arcturus</i> has sometimes been incorrectly used as the name
of the constellation, or even of Ursa Major.</p>

<p><blockquote>Canst thou guide <i>Arcturus</i> with his sons [Rev. Ver.:
"the Bear with her train"].<BR>
<i>Job xxxviii. 32.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Arc"u*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
an arc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arcual measure of an angle</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>that in
which the unit angle has its measuring arc equal to the radius of the
circle.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Arc"u*ate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Arc"u*a`ted</hw> (&?;)(#), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arcuatus</i>, p. p. of <i>arcuare</i> to shape
like a bow, fr. <i>arcus</i>. See <u>Arc</u>.] <def>Bent or curved in the
form of a bow.</def>  "<i>Arcuate</i> stalks."  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arc"u*ate*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the form of
a bow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arc`u*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arcuatio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of bending or curving; incurvation; the
state of being bent; crookedness.</def>  <i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A mode of propagating trees by
bending branches to the ground, and covering the small shoots with earth;
layering.</def>  <i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"cu*ba*list</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Arbalist</u>.] <def>A crossbow.</def>  <i>Fosbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`cu*bal"ist*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arcuballistarius</i>. Cf. <u>Arbalister</u>.] <def>A crossbowman; one
who used the arcubalist.</def>  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"cu*bus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Arquebus</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>-ard</hw>, <hw>-art</hw>. <def>The termination of many English
words; as, <i>cow</i>ard, reyn<i>ard</i>, drunk<i>ard</i>, mostly from the
French, in which language this ending is of German origin, being orig. the
same word as English <i>hard</i>. It usually has the sense of <i>one who
has to a high or excessive degree the quality expressed by the root</i>;
as, bragg<i>art</i>, slugg<i>ard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*das"sine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. (cf. Sp.
<i>ardacina</i>), fr. <i>ardasse</i> a kind of silk thread, fr. Ar. &amp; Per.
<i>ardan</i> a kind of raw silk.] <def>A very fine sort of Persian
silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"den*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Heat.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Warmth of passion or affection; ardor;
vehemence; eagerness; as, the <i>ardency</i> of love or zeal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"dent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ardaunt</i>, F.
<i>ardant</i>, p. pr. of <i>arder</i> to burn, fr. L. <i>ardere</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hot or burning; causing a sensation of burning;
fiery; as, <i>ardent</i> spirits, that is, distilled liquors; an
<i>ardent</i> fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the appearance or quality of fire;
fierce; glowing; shining; as, <i>ardent</i> eyes.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Warm, applied to the passions and affections;
passionate; fervent; zealous; vehement; as, <i>ardent</i> love, feelings,
zeal, hope, temper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>ardent</i> and impetuous race.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Burning; hot; fiery; glowing; intense; fierce; vehement;
eager; zealous; keen; fervid; fervent; passionate; affectionate.</p>

<p><hw>Ar"dent*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an ardent
manner; eagerly; with warmth; affectionately; passionately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"dent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ardency.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"dor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ardor</i>, fr.
<i>ardere</i> to burn: cf. OF. <i>ardor</i>, <i>ardur</i>, F.
<i>ardeur</i>.] [Spelt also <i>ardour</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Heat,
in a literal sense; as, the <i>ardor</i> of the sun's rays.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Warmth or heat of passion or affection;
eagerness; zeal; as, he pursues study with <i>ardor</i>; the fought with
<i>ardor</i>; martial <i>ardor</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Bright and effulgent spirits;
seraphim.</def> [Thus used by Milton.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fervor; warmth; eagerness. See <u>Fervor</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ar"du*ous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arduus</i>
steep, high; akin to Ir. <i>ard</i> high, height.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Steep and lofty, in a literal sense; hard to climb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>arduous</i> paths they trod.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attended with great labor, like the ascending of
acclivities; difficult; laborious; as, an <i>arduous</i> employment, task,
or enterprise.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Difficult; trying; laborious; painful; exhausting.  --
<u>Arduous</u>, <u>Hard</u>, <u>Difficult</u>. <i>Hard</i> is simpler,
blunter, and more general in sense than <i>difficult</i>; as, a <i>hard</i>
duty to perform, <i>hard</i> work, a <i>hard</i> task, one which requires
much bodily effort and perseverance to do. <i>Difficult</i> commonly
implies more skill and sagacity than <i>hard</i>, as when there is
disproportion between the means and the end. A work may be <i>hard</i> but
not <i>difficult</i>. We call a thing <i>arduous</i> when it requires
strenuous and persevering exertion, like that of one who is climbing a
precipice; as, an <i>arduous</i> task, an <i>arduous</i> duty. "It is often
<i>difficult</i> to control our feelings; it is still <i>harder</i> to
subdue our will; but it is an <i>arduous</i> undertaking to control the
unruly and contending will of others."</p>

<p><hw>Ar"du*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an arduous manner;
with difficulty or laboriousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"du*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
arduous; difficulty of execution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"du*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Burning;
ardent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lo! further on,<BR>
Where flames the <i>arduous</i> Spirit of Isidore.<BR>
<i>Cary.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Are</hw> (&?;). [AS. (Northumbrian) <i>aron</i>, akin to the 1st
pers. pl. forms, Icel. <i>erum</i>, Goth. <i>sijum</i>, L. <i>sumus</i>,
Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>smas</i>; all from a root <i>as</i>. &?; See <u>Am</u> and
<u>Is</u>, and cf. <u>Be</u>.] <def>The present indicative plural of the
substantive verb to <i>be</i>; but etymologically a different word from
<i>be</i>, or <i>was</i>. <i>Am</i>, <i>art</i>, <i>are</i>, and <i>is</i>,
all come from the root <i>as</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Are</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>area</i>. See
<u>Area</u>.] <i>(Metric system)</i> <def>The unit of superficial measure,
being a square of which each side is ten meters in length; 100 square
meters, or about 119.6 square yards.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"re*a</hw> (&amacr;"r&esl;*&adot;; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Areas</b></plw> (-&adot;z) . [L. <i>area</i> a broad
piece of level ground. Cf. <u>Are</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any plane surface, as of the floor of a room or
church, or of the ground within an inclosure; an open space in a
building.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Alban lake . . . looks like the <i>area</i> of some vast
amphitheater.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The inclosed space on which a building
stands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The sunken space or court, giving ingress and
affording light to the basement of a building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An extent of surface; a tract of the earth's
surface; a region; as, vast uncultivated <i>areas</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The superficial contents of any
figure; the surface included within any given lines; superficial extent;
as, the <i>area</i> of a square or a triangle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A spot or small marked space; as,
the germinative <i>area</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Extent; scope; range; as, a wide <i>area</i> of
thought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The largest <i>area</i> of human history and man's common
nature.<BR>
<i>F. Harrison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Dry area</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Dry</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*read"</hw>, <hw>A*reed"</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>areden</i>, AS. <i>&amacr;r&aemacr;dan</i> to interpret. See
<u>Read</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tell, declare, explain, or
interpret; to divine; to guess; as, to <i>aread</i> a riddle or a
dream.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore more plain <i>aread</i> this doubtful case.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To read.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To counsel, advise, warn, or direct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But mark what I <i>aread</i> thee now. Avaunt!<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To decree; to adjudge.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"re*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>arealis</i>, fr.
<i>area</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to an area; as, <i>areal</i>
interstices (the areas or spaces inclosed by the reticulate vessels of
leaves).</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rear"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&amacr;r&aemacr;ran</i>. See <u>Rear</u>.] <def>To raise; to set up; to
stir up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*rear"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Arrear</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>Backward; in or to the rear; behindhand.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*re"ca</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Canarese <i>adiki</i>:
cf. Pg. &amp; Sp. <i>areca</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of palms, one
species of which produces the areca nut, or betel nut, which is chewed in
India with the leaf of the <i>Piper Betle</i> and lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*reek"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>reek</i>.] <def>In a reeking condition.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`e*fac"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arefacere</i>
to dry.] <def>The act of drying, or the state of growing dry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>arefaction</i> of the earth.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"e*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>arere</i> to be
dry + <i>-fly</i>.] <def>To dry, or make dry.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*re"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Arenas</b></plw> (&?;); L. <plw><b>Aren&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L.
<i>arena</i>, <i>harena</i>, sand, a sandy place.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>The area in the central part of an amphitheater,
in which the gladiators fought and other shows were exhibited; -- so called
because it was covered with sand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any place of public contest or exertion; any
sphere of action; as, the <i>arena</i>of debate; the <i>arena</i> of
life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>"Sand" or "gravel" in the
kidneys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`e*na"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arenaceus</i>,
fr. <i>arena</i> sand.] <def>Sandy or consisting largely of sand; of the
nature of sand; easily disintegrating into sand; friable; as,
<i>arenaceous</i> limestone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`e*na"ri*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arenarius</i>, fr. <i>arena</i> sand.] <def>Sandy; as, <i>arenarious</i>
soil.</def></p>

<p><! p. 80  !></p>

<p><hw>Ar`e*na"tion</hw> (&abreve;r`&esl;*n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arenatio</i>, fr. <i>arena</i> sand.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sand bath; application of hot sand to the body.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`en*da"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>arendator</i>, <i>arrendator</i>, fr. <i>arendare</i>, <i>arrendare</i>,
to pay rent, fr. <i>arenda</i> yearly rent; <i>ad</i> + <i>renda</i>, F.
<i>rente</i>, E. <i>rent</i>. Cf. <u>Arrentation</u> and <u>Rent</u>.]
<def>In some provinces of Russia, one who farms the rents or
revenues.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A person who rents an estate belonging to the crown is called
<i>crown arendator</i>.  <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*reng"</hw> (&?;), <hw>||A*ren"ga</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malayan.] <def>A palm tree (<i>Saguerus
saccharifer</i>) which furnishes sago, wine, and fibers for ropes; the
gomuti palm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`e*nic"o*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arena</i>
sand + <i>colere</i> to cherish or live.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An ancient
wormhole in sand, preserved in the rocks.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ren`i*lit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arena</i>
sand + Gr. <grk>li`qos</grk> stone.] <def>Of or pertaining to sandstone;
as, <i>arenilitic</i> mountains.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"e*nose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arenosus</i>, fr.
<i>arena</i> sand.] <def>Sandy; full of sand.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ren"u*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arenula</i>
fine sand, dim. of <i>arena</i>.] <def>Full of fine sand; like sand.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*re"o*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Areol&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>areola</i>, dim. of
<i>area</i>: cf. F. <i>ar&eacute;ole</i>. See <u>Area</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An interstice or small space, as between the cracks
of the surface in certain crustaceous lichens; or as between the fibers
composing organs or vessels that interlace; or as between the nervures of
an insect's wing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>The colored ring around
the nipple, or around a vesicle or pustule.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*re"o*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
like, an areola; filled with interstices or areol&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><col><b>reolar tissue</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a form of fibrous
connective tissue in which the fibers are loosely arranged with numerous
spaces, or areol&aelig;, between them.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*re"o*late</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*re"o*la*ted</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>areola</i>: cf. F. <i>ar&eacute;ole</i>.]
<def>Divided into small spaces or areolations, as the wings of insects, the
leaves of plants, or the receptacle of compound flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`re*o*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Division into areol&aelig;.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any small space, bounded by some part different
in color or structure, as the spaces bounded by the nervures of the wings
of insects, or those by the veins of leaves; an areola.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"re*ole</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Areola</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*re"o*let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of L.
<i>areola</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small inclosed area; esp. one of
the small spaces on the wings of insects, circumscribed by the
veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`re*om"e*ter</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'araio`s</grk> thin, rare + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F.
<i>ar&eacute;om&egrave;tre</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for
measuring the specific gravity of fluids; a form hydrometer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A`re*o*met"ric</hw> (&?;), <hw>A`re*o*met"ric*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or measured by, an
areometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`re*om"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'araio`s</grk> thin, rare + <i>-metry</i>.] <def>The art or process of
measuring the specific gravity of fluids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`e*op"a*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Areopagite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`e*op"a*gite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Areopagites</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>A member of the Areopagus.</def>
<i>Acts xvii. 34.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`e*op`a*git"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Areopagiticus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to the Areopagus.</def>
<i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`e*op"a*gus</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, and &?;
&?;, hill of Ares (Mars' Hill).] <def>The highest judicial court at Athens.
Its sessions were held on Mars' Hill. Hence, any high court or
tribunal</def></p>

<p><hw>A*re"o*style</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Intercolumniation</u>, and <u>Ar&aelig;ostyle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*re`o*sys"tyle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Intercolumniation</u>, and <u>Ar&aelig;osystyle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rere"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Arear</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*rest"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A support for the
spear when couched for the attack.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ret"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aretten</i>, OF.
<i>areter</i>; <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + OF. <i>reter</i>, L.
<i>reputare</i>. See <u>Repute</u>.] <def>To reckon; to ascribe; to
impute.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`e*ta"ics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; virtue.]
<def>The ethical theory which excludes all relations between virtue and
happiness; the science of virtue; -- contrasted with
<i>eudemonics</i>.</def>  <i>J. Grote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`e*tol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; virtue
+ &?; discourse, &?; to speak: cf. F. <i>ar&eacute;tologie</i>.] <def>That
part of moral philosophy which treats of virtue, its nature, and the means
of attaining to it.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rew"</hw>. <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Arow</u>, <u>Row</u>.]
<def>In a row.</def> [Obs.] "All her teeth <i>arew</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Crude tartar. See
<u>Argol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gal</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>A ludicrous corruption of
the Latin word <i>ergo</i>, therefore.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ar"gal</hw> (&?;), <hw>||Ar"ga*li</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Mongolian.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of wild sheep (<i>Ovis
ammon</i>, or <i>O. argali</i>), remarkable for its large horns. It
inhabits the mountains of Siberia and central Asia.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The bearded argali is the aoudad. See <u>Aoudad</u>. The name is
also applied to the bighorn sheep of the Rocky Mountains. See
<u>Bighorn</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Ar"ga*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The adjutant bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gand lamp`</hw> (&?;). [Named from the inventor, Aim&eacute;
<i>Argand</i> of Geneva.] <def>A lamp with a circular hollow wick and glass
chimney which allow a current of air both inside and outside of the
flame.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Argand burner</b></col>, <cd>a burner for an Argand lamp, or a
gas burner in which the principle of that lamp is applied.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ar"gas</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A genus of venomous
ticks which attack men and animals. The famous Persian Argas, also called
<i>Miana bug</i>, is <i>A. Persicus</i>; that of Central America, called
<i>talaje</i> by the natives, is <i>A. Talaje</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*ge"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
ship Argo. See <u>Argo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>argent</i>, fr. L.
<i>argentum</i>, silver; akin to Gr. <grk>'a`rgyros</grk> silver,
<grk>'argo`s</grk>, <grk>'argh`s</grk>, white, bright, Skr. <i>rajata</i>
white, silver, <i>raj</i> to shine, Ir. <i>arg</i> white, milk,
<i>airgiod</i> silver, money, and L. <i>arguere</i> to make clear. See
<u>Argue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Silver, or money.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fig. &amp; Poet.)</i> <def>Whiteness; anything that
is white.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The polished <i>argent</i> of her breast.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The white color in coats of arms,
intended to represent silver, or, figuratively, purity, innocence, beauty,
or gentleness; -- represented in engraving by a plain white surface.</def>
<i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of silver; of a silvery
color; white; shining.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yonder <i>argent</i> fields above.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*gen"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
silver; resembling, containing, or combined with, silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gen*tan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An alloy of nickel with
copper and zinc; German silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gen*tate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>argentatus</i>
silvered.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Silvery white.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`gen*ta"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>argentare</i> to
silver, fr. <i>argentum</i> silver. See <u>Argent</u>.] <def>A coating or
overlaying with silver.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*gen"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, silver; -- said of certain
compounds of silver in which this metal has its lowest proportion; as,
<i>argentic</i> chloride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`gen*tif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>argentum</i> silver + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>argentif&egrave;re</i>.]
<def>Producing or containing silver; as, <i>argentiferous</i> lead ore or
veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gen*tine</hw> (?; in the 2d sense, commonly ?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or resembling,
silver; made of, or sounding like, silver; silvery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Celestial Dian, goddess <i>argentine</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Argentine Republic in
South America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gen*tine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>argentin</i>, fr.
L. <i>argentum</i> silver.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
siliceous variety of calcite, or carbonate of lime, having a silvery-white,
pearly luster, and a waving or curved lamellar structure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>White metal coated with silver.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish of Europe
(<i>Maurolicus Pennantii</i>) with silvery scales. The name is also applied
to various fishes of the genus <i>Argentina</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A citizen of the Argentine Republic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gen*tite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>argentum</i>
silver.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Sulphide of silver; -- also called <i>vitreous
silver</i>, or <i>silver glance</i>. It has a metallic luster, a lead-gray
color, and is sectile like lead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*gen"tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or containing, silver; -- said of certain silver compounds
in which silver has a higher proportion than in argentic compounds; as,
<i>argentous</i> chloride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gent*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>argenterie</i>,
fr. <i>argent</i> silver, L. <i>argentum</i>.] <def>Silver plate or
vessels.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bowls of frosted <i>argentry</i>.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gil</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>argile</i>, L.
<i>argilla</i> white clay, akin to Gr. &?; or &?; argil, &?; white. See
<u>Argent</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Clay, or potter's earth; sometimes pure
clay, or alumina. See <u>Clay</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`gil*la"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>argillaceus</i>, fr. <i>argilla</i>.] <def>Of the nature of clay;
consisting of, or containing, argil or clay; clayey.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Argillaceous sandstone</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a sandstone
containing much clay.</cd> -- <col><b>Argillaceous iron ore</b></col>,
<cd>the clay ironstone.</cd> -- <col><b>Argillaceous schist</b></col> or
<col><b>state</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Argillite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar`gil*lif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>argilla</i> white clay + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing clay; --
applied to such earths as abound with argil.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gil*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; clay + <i>-
lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Argillaceous schist or slate; clay slate. Its
colors is bluish or blackish gray, sometimes greenish gray, brownish red,
etc.</def>  -- <wf>Ar`gil*lit"ic</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ar*gil`lo-are`e*na"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of, or containing, clay and sand, as a soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*gil`lo-cal*ca"re*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of, or containing, clay and calcareous earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*gil`lo-fer*ru"gi*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing clay and iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*gil"lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>argillosus</i>,
fr. <i>argilla</i>. See <u>Argil</u>.] <def>Argillaceous; clayey.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"give</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Argivus</i>, fr.
<i>Argos</i>, <i>Argi</i>.] <def>Of or performance to Argos, the capital of
Argolis in Greece.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of Argos.
Often used as a generic term, equivalent to <i>Grecian</i> or
<i>Greek</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar"go</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Argo</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>The name of the ship which carried
Jason and his fifty-four companions to Colchis, in quest of the Golden
Fleece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A large constellation in the
southern hemisphere, called also <i>Argo Navis</i>. In modern astronomy it
is replaced by its three divisions, <i>Carina</i>, <i>Puppis</i>, and
<i>Vela</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*go"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
ship Argo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"goile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Potter's clay.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gol</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Argal</u>,
<u>Orgal</u>. Of unknown origin.] <def>Crude tartar; an acidulous salt from
which cream of tartar is prepared. It exists in the juice of grapes, and is
deposited from wines on the sides of the casks.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*gol"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Argolicus</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <def>Pertaining to Argolis, a district in the Peloponnesus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; inactive.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance regarded as an element, contained in the
atmosphere and remarkable for its chemical inertness.</def>  <i>Rayleigh
and Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"go*naut</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Argonauta</i>,
Gr. &?;; &?; + &?; sailor, &?; ship. See <u>Argo</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any one of the legendary Greek heroes who sailed with Jason, in the
Argo, in quest of the Golden Fleece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cephalopod of the genus
Argonauta.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`go*nau"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of Cephalopoda. The shell is called <i>paper nautilus</i> or
<i>paper sailor</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The animal has much resemblance to an Octopus. It has eight arms,
two of which are expanded at the end and clasp the shell, but are never
elevated in the air for sails as was formerly supposed. The creature swims
beneath the surface by means of a jet of water, like other cephalopods. The
male has no shell, and is much smaller than the female. See
<u>Hectocotylus</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ar"go*naut"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Argonauticus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Argonauts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"go*sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Argosies</b></plw> (&?;). [Earlier <i>ragusy</i>, fr. <i>ragusa</i>
meaning orig. a vessel of Ragusa.] <def>A large ship, esp. a merchant
vessel of the largest size.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where your <i>argosies</i> with portly sail . . . <BR>
Do overpeer the petty traffickers.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`got"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. Of unknown origin.]
<def>A secret language or conventional slang peculiar to thieves, tramps,
and vagabonds; flash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gu*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
argued; admitting of debate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gue</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Argued</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Arguing</u>.] [OE. <i>arguen</i>, F. <i>arguer</i>, fr. L.
<i>argutare</i>, freq. of <i>arguere</i> to make clear; from the same root
as E. <i>argent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To invent and offer reasons
to support or overthrow a proposition, opinion, or measure; to use
arguments; to reason.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>argue</i> not<BR>
Against Heaven's hand or will.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contend in argument; to dispute; to reason; -
- followed by <i>with</i>; as, you may <i>argue</i> with your friend
without convincing him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
debate or discuss; to treat by reasoning; as, the counsel <i>argued</i> the
cause before a full court; the cause was well <i>argued</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prove or evince; too manifest or exhibit by
inference, deduction, or reasoning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So many laws <i>argue</i> so many sins.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To persuade by reasons; as, to <i>argue</i> a
man into a different opinion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To blame; to accuse; to charge with.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thoughts and expressions . . . which can be truly
<i>argued</i> of obscenity, profaneness, or immorality.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- to reason; evince; discuss; debate; expostulate;
remonstrate; controvert.  -- To <u>Argue</u>, <u>Dispute</u>,
<u>Debate</u>. These words, as here compared, suppose a contest between two
parties in respect to some point at issue. To <i>argue</i> is to adduce
arguments or reasons in support of one's cause or position. To
<i>dispute</i> is to call in question or deny the statements or arguments
of the opposing party. To <i>debate</i> is to strive for or against in a
somewhat formal manner by arguments.</p>

<p><blockquote>Men of many words sometimes <i>argue</i> for the sake of
talking; men of ready tongues frequently <i>dispute</i> for the sake of
victory; men in public life often <i>debate</i> for the sake of opposing
the ruling party, or from any other motive than the love of truth.<BR>
<i>Crabb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Unskilled to <i>argue</i>, in <i>dispute</i> yet loud,<BR>
Bold without caution, without honors proud.<BR>
<i>Falconer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Betwixt the dearest friends to raise <i>debate</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gu*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who argues; a
reasoner; a disputant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gu*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<i>Argue</i> +
<i>-fy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To argue pertinaciously.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To signify.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ar"gu*lus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim of
<i>Argus</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of copepod Crustacea,
parasitic of fishes; a fish louse. See <u>Branchiura</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gu*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>argument</i>, L.
<i>argumentum</i>, fr. <i>arguere</i> to argue.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Proof; evidence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is.. no more palpable and convincing <i>argument</i>
of the existence of a Deity.<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Why, then, is it made a badge of wit and an <i>argument</i>
of parts for a man to commence atheist, and to cast off all belief of
providence, all awe and reverence for religion?<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reason or reasons offered in proof, to induce
belief, or convince the mind; reasoning expressed in words; as, an
<i>argument about</i>, <i>concerning</i>, or <i>regarding</i> a
proposition, for or <i>in favor of</i> it, or <i>against</i> it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A process of reasoning, or a controversy made up
of rational proofs; argumentation; discussion; disputation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>argument</i> is about things, but names.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The subject matter of a discourse, writing, or
artistic representation; theme or topic; also, an abstract or summary, as
of the contents of a book, chapter, poem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You and love are still my <i>argument</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The abstract or <i>argument</i> of the piece.<BR>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>[Shields] with boastful <i>argument</i> portrayed.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Matter for question; business in hand.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sheathed their swords for lack of <i>argument</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The quantity on which another
quantity in a table depends; as, the altitude is the <i>argument</i> of the
refraction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The independent variable upon
whose value that of a function depends.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><! p. 81  !></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gu*ment</hw> (&abreve;r"g&usl;*m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [L. <i>argumentari</i>.] <def>To make an argument; to
argue.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`gu*men"ta*ble</hw> (-m<i>e</i>n"t&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>argumentabilis</i>.] <def>Admitting of
argument.</def> [R.]  <i>Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`gu*men"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>argumentalis</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or containing, argument;
argumentative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`gu*men*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>argumentatio</i>, from <i>argumentari</i>: cf. F. <i>argumentation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of forming reasons, making inductions,
drawing conclusions, and applying them to the case in discussion; the
operation of inferring propositions, not known or admitted as true, from
facts or principles known, admitted, or proved to be true.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which manner of <i>argumentation</i>, how false and naught
it is, . . . every man that hath with perceiveth.<BR>
<i>Tyndale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Debate; discussion.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reasoning; discussion; controversy. See
<u>Reasoning</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ar`gu*men"ta*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or characterized by, argument;
containing a process of reasoning; as, an <i>argumentative</i>
discourse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adductive as proof; indicative; as, the
adaptation of things to their uses is <i>argumentative</i> of infinite
wisdom in the Creator.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Given to argument; characterized by argument;
disputatious; as, an <i>argumentative</i> writer.</def></p>

<p>--<wf>Ar`gu*men"ta*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ar`gu*men"ta*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gu*men*tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To argue or
discuss.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar"gus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Argus</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A fabulous being of antiquity,
said to have had a hundred eyes, who has placed by Juno to guard Io. His
eyes were transplanted to the peacock's tail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One very vigilant; a guardian always
watchful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of East Indian
pheasants. The common species (<i>A. giganteus</i>) is remarkable for the
great length and beauty of the wing and tail feathers of the male. The
species <i>A. Grayi</i> inhabits Borneo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gus-eyed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Extremely
observant; watchful; sharp-sighted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gus shell`</hw> (&?;) . <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of
shell (<i>Cypr&aelig;a argus</i>), beautifully variegated with spots
resembling those in a peacock's tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`gu*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>argutatio</i>.
See <u>Argue</u>.] <def>Caviling; subtle disputation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar*gute"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>argutus</i>, p. p.
of <i>arguere</i>. See <u>Argue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sharp;
shrill.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sagacious; acute; subtle; shrewd.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The active preacher . . . the <i>argue</i> schoolman.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*gute"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a subtle;
shrewdly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*gute"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Acuteness.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*rhi"zal</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*rhi"zous</hw> (&?;),
<hw>A*rhyth"mic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*rhyth"mous</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Arrhizal</u>, <u>Arrhizous</u>,
<u>Arrhythmic</u>, <u>Arrhythmous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>a&euml;r</i>. See <u>Air</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An air or song; a
melody; a tune.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Italian term is now mostly used for the more elaborate
accompanied melodies sung by a single voice, in operas, oratorios,
cantatas, anthems, etc., and not so much for simple airs or tunes.</p>

<p><hw>Ar"ian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Aryan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Arianus</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to Arius, a presbyter of the church of Alexandria, in the
fourth century, or to the doctrines of Arius, who held Christ to be
inferior to God the Father in nature and dignity, though the first and
noblest of all created beings.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
adheres to or believes the doctrines of Arius.</def>  <i>Mosheim.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"ri*an*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrines of
the Arians.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"ri*an*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To admit or
accept the tenets of the Arians; to become an Arian.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"ri*an*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convert to
Arianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"i*cine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Arica</i>, in
Chile.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid, first found in white cinchona
bark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"id</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aridus</i>, fr.
<i>arere</i> to be dry: cf. F. <i>aride</i>.] <def>Exhausted of moisture;
parched with heat; dry; barren.</def> "An <i>arid</i> waste."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*rid"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aridities</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>ariditas</i>, fr. <i>aridus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being arid or without
moisture; dryness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Want of interest of feeling;
insensibility; dryness of style or feeling; spiritual drought.</def>
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"id*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Aridity;
dryness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"ri*el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <hw>A"ri*el
ga*zelle"</hw> (&?;). [Ar. <i>aryil</i>, <i>ayyil</i>, stag.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A variety of the gazelle
(<i>Antilope, or Gazella, dorcas</i>), found in Arabia and adjacent
countries.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A squirrel-like Australian
marsupial, a species of <i>Petaurus</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
beautiful Brazilian toucan <i>Ramphastos ariel</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"ri*es</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The Ram; the first of the twelve
signs in the zodiac, which the sun enters at the vernal equinox, about the
21st of March.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A constellation west of
Taurus, drawn on the celestial globe in the figure of a ram.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A battering-ram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"i*e*tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arietatus</i>, p. p. of <i>arietare</i>, fr. <i>aries</i> ram.] <def>To
butt, as a ram.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar`i*e*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arietatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of butting like a ram;
act of using a battering-ram.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Act of striking or conflicting.</def> [R.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||A`ri*et"ta</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar`i*ette"</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>arietta</i>, dim. of <i>aria</i>; F.
<i>ariette</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short aria, or air.</def> "A military
<i>ariette</i>."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*right"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>right</i>.] <def>Rightly; correctly; in a right way or form; without
mistake or crime; as, to worship God <i>aright</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"il</hw> (&?;), <hw>||A*ril"lus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From LL. <i>arilli</i> dry grapes, perh. fr. L. <i>aridus</i> dry: cf. F,.
<i>arille</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A exterior covering, forming a false
coat or appendage to a seed, as the loose, transparent bag inclosing the
seed of the white water lily. The mace of the nutmeg is also an
<i>aril</i>.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"il*late</hw> (&?;). <hw>Ar"l*la`ted</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar"iled</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. NL. <i>arillatus</i>, F.
<i>arill&eacute;</i>.] <def>Having an aril.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"ri*man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ahriman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`i*o*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ariolatio</i>, <i>hariolatio</i>, fr. <i>hariolari</i> to prophesy, fr.
<i>hariolus</i> soothsayer.] <def>A soothsaying; a foretelling.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"i*ose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It. <i>arioso</i>, fr.
<i>aria</i>.] <def>Characterized by melody, as distinguished from
harmony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mendelssohn wants the <i>ariose</i> beauty of Handel; vocal
melody is not his forte; the interest of his airs is harmonic.<BR>
<i>Foreign Quart. Rev.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||A`ri*o"so</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In the smooth and melodious style of an air;
ariose.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rise"</hw> (&adot;*r&imacr;z"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Arose</u> (-r&omacr;z"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Arising</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Arisen</u> (-
r&ibreve;z"'n).]. [AS. <i>&amacr;r&imacr;san</i>; <i>&amacr;</i> (equiv. to
Goth. <i>us-</i>, <i>ur-</i>, G. <i>er-</i>, orig. meaning out) +
<i>r&imacr;san</i> to rise; cf. Goth. <i>urreisan</i> to arise. See
<u>Rise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come up from a lower to a higher
position; to come above the horizon; to come up from one's bed or place of
repose; to mount; to ascend; to rise; as, to <i>arise</i> from a kneeling
posture; a cloud <i>arose</i>; the sun <i>ariseth</i>; he <i>arose</i>
early in the morning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spring up; to come into action, being, or
notice; to become operative, sensible, or visible; to begin to act a part;
to present itself; as, the waves of the sea <i>arose</i>; a persecution
<i>arose</i>; the wrath of the king shall <i>arise</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>arose</i> up a new king . . . which knew not
Joseph.<BR>
<i>Ex. i. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The doubts that in his heart <i>arose</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To proceed; to issue; to spring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whence haply mention may <i>arise</i><BR>
Of something not unseasonable to ask.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*rise"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rising.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*rist"</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>3d sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Arise</u>, for <i>ariseth</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*ris"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An awn.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"is*tarch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Aristarchus</i>, a Greek grammarian and critic, of Alexandria, about 200
<u>b. c</u>.] <def>A severe critic.</def>  <i>Knowles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`is*tar"chi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Severely
critical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"is*tar`chy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Severely
criticism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"is*tar`chy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Severe
criticism.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir J. Harrington.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ris"tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aristatus</i>,
fr. <i>arista</i>. See <u>Arista</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having a pointed, beardlike process, as the glumes of wheat;
awned.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a slender, sharp, or
spinelike tip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`is*toc"ra*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aristocracies</b></plw> (&?;). [Gr. &?;; &?; best + &?; to be
strong, to rule, &?; strength; &?; is perh. from the same root as E.
<i>arm</i>, and orig. meant <i>fitting</i>: cf. F. <i>aristocratie</i>. See
<u>Arm</u>, and <u>Create</u>, which is related to Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Government by the best citizens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ruling body composed of the best
citizens.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the Senate<BR>
Right not our quest in this, I will protest them<BR>
To all the world, no <i>aristocracy</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A form a government, in which the supreme power
is vested in the principal persons of a state, or in a privileged order; an
oligarchy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>aristocracy</i> of Venice hath admitted so many
abuses, trough the degeneracy of the nobles, that the period of its
duration seems approach.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The nobles or chief persons in a state; a
privileged class or patrician order; (in a popular use) those who are
regarded as superior to the rest of the community, as in rank, fortune, or
intellect.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ris"to*crat</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>aristocrate</i>. See <u>Aristocracy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of
the aristocracy or people of rank in a community; one of a ruling class; a
noble.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is overbearing in his temper or habits;
a proud or haughty person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A born <i>aristocrat</i>, bred radical.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who favors an aristocracy as a form of
government, or believes the aristocracy should govern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His whole family are accused of being
<i>aristocrats</i>.<BR>
<i>Romilly.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar`is*to*crat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar`is*to*crat"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>aristocratique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an aristocracy; consisting in,
or favoring, a government of nobles, or principal men; as, an
<i>aristocratic</i> constitution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Partaking of aristocracy; befitting aristocracy;
characteristic of, or originating with, the aristocracy; as, an
<i>aristocratic</i> measure; <i>aristocratic</i> pride or manners.</def>  -
- <wf>Ar`is*to*crat"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ar`is*to*crat"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ar"is*to*crat`ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The principles of aristocrats.</def>
<i>Romilly.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Aristocrats, collectively.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar`is*tol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dinner +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of dining.</def>  <i>Quart. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`is*to*phan"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Aristophanes, the Athenian comic poet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`is*to*te"li*an</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Aristotle, the famous Greek philosopher (384-322 <u>b.
c</u>.).</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower of Aristotle; a
Peripatetic. See <u>Peripatetic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`is*to*te"li*an*ism</hw> (&?;). <def>The philosophy of Aristotle,
otherwise called the Peripatetic philosophy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`is*to*tel"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
Aristotle or to his philosophy.</def> "<i>Aristotelic</i> usage."  <i>Sir
W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"is*to`tle's lan"tern</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
five united jaws and accessory ossicles of certain sea urchins.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ris"tu*late</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. fr.
<i>arista</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a short beard or awn.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ith*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; number +
<i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by means of numbers.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rith"me*tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>arsmetike</i>, OF. <i>arismetique</i>, L. <i>arithmetica</i>, fr. Gr.
&?; (sc. &?;), fr. &?; arithmetical, fr. &?; to number, fr. &?; number,
prob. fr. same root as E. <i>arm</i>, the idea of counting coming from that
of fitting, attaching. See <u>Arm</u>. The modern Eng. and French forms are
accommodated to the Greek.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science of numbers;
the art of computation by figures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A book containing the principles of this
science.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arithmetic of sines</b></col>, <cd>trigonometry.</cd> --
<col><b>Political arithmetic</b></col>, <cd>the application of the science
of numbers to problems in civil government, political economy, and social
science.</cd> -- <col><b>Universal arithmetic</b></col>, <cd>the name given
by Sir Isaac Newton to algebra.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ith*met"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to arithmetic; according to the rules or method of
arithmetic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arithmetical complement of a logarithm</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Logarithm</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Arithmetical mean</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Mean</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Arithmetical progression</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Progression</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Arithmetical proportion</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Proportion</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ith*met"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Conformably to
the principles or methods of arithmetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rith`me*ti"cian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>arithm&eacute;ticien</i>.] <def>One skilled in arithmetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rith"mo*man"cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Arithmancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ith*mom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; number +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>arithmom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>A calculating
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ark</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ark</i>, <i>arke</i>,
<i>arche</i>, AS. <i>arc</i>, <i>earc</i>, <i>earce</i>, fr. L.
<i>arca</i>, fr. <i>arcere</i> to inclose, keep off; akin to Gr. &?; to
keep off.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chest, or coffer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bearing that precious relic in an <i>ark</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Hist.)</i> <def>The oblong chest of acacia
wood, overlaid with gold, which supported the mercy seat with its golden
cherubs, and occupied the most sacred place in the sanctuary. In it Moses
placed the two tables of stone containing the ten commandments. Called also
the <i>Ark of the Covenant</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The large, chestlike vessel in which Noah and
his family were preserved during the Deluge. <i>Gen. vi.</i> Hence: Any
place of refuge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A large flatboat used on Western American rivers
to transport produce to market.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ark"ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to the
ark.</def> [R.]  <i>Faber.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ark" shell`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine bivalve
shell belonging to the genus <i>Arca</i> and its allies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arles</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>arrhes</i>,
Scot. <i>airles</i>. Cf. <u>Earles penny</u>.] <def>An earnest; earnest
money; money paid to bind a bargain.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Arles penny</b></col>, <cd>earnest money given to servants.</cd>
<i>Kersey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arm</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>arm</i>, <i>earm</i>;
akin to OHG. <i>aram</i>, G., D., Dan., &amp; Sw. <i>arm</i>, Icel.
<i>armr</i>, Goth. <i>arms</i>, L. <i>armus</i> arm, shoulder, and prob. to
Gr. &?; joining, joint, shoulder, fr. the root &?; to join, to fit
together; cf. Slav. <i>rame</i>. &?;. See <u>Art</u>, <u>Article</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The limb of the human body which extends from the
shoulder to the hand; also, the corresponding limb of a monkey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling an arm</def>; as,
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The fore limb of an animal, as of a bear.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A limb, or locomotive or prehensile organ, of an
invertebrate animal.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A branch of a
tree.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A slender part of an instrument or
machine, projecting from a trunk, axis, or fulcrum; as, the <i>arm</i> of a
steelyard.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Naut)</i> <def>The end of a yard;
also, the part of an anchor which ends in the fluke.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>An inlet of water from the sea.</def>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>A support for the elbow, at the side of a chair,
the end of a sofa, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Power; might; strength; support; as, the
secular <i>arm</i>; the <i>arm</i> of the law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To whom is the <i>arm</i> of the Lord revealed?<BR>
<i>Isa. lii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Arm's end</b></col>, <cd>the end of the arm; a good distance
off.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>Arm's length</b></col>, <cd>the length
of the arm.</cd> -- <col><b>Arm's reach</b></col>, <cd>reach of the arm;
the distance the arm can reach.</cd> -- <col><b>To go</b></col> (or
<col><b>walk</b></col>) <col><b>arm in arm</b></col>, <cd>to go with the
arm or hand of one linked in the arm of another.</cd> "When <i>arm in
arm</i>we went along." <i>Tennyson.</i> -- <col><b>To keep at arm's
length</b></col>, <cd>to keep at a distance (literally or figuratively);
not to allow to come into close contact or familiar intercourse.</cd> --
<col><b>To work at arm's length</b></col>, <cd>to work
disadvantageously.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Arm</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Arms</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A branch of the military service; as, the cavalry
<i>arm</i> was made efficient.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A weapon of
offense or defense; an instrument of warfare; -- commonly in the
<i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Arm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Armed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Arming</u>.] [OE.
<i>armen</i>, F. <i>armer</i>, fr. L. <i>armare</i>, fr. <i>arma</i>, pl.,
arms. See <u>arms</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take by the arm; to take
up in one's arms.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And make him with our pikes and partisans<BR>
A grave: come, <i>arm</i> him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Arm</i> your prize;<BR>
I know you will not lose him.<BR>
<i>Two N. Kins.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with arms or limbs.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His shoulders broad and strong,<BR>
<i>Armed</i> long and round.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish or equip with weapons of offense or
defense; as, to <i>arm</i> soldiers; to <i>arm</i> the country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abram . . . <i>armed</i> his trained servants.<BR>
<i>Gen. xiv. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cover or furnish with a plate, or with
whatever will add strength, force, security, or efficiency; as, to
<i>arm</i> the hit of a sword; to <i>arm</i> a hook in angling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To furnish with means of defense; to
prepare for resistance; to fortify, in a moral sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Arm</i> yourselves . . . with the same mind.<BR>
<i>1 Pet. iv. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To arm a magnet</b></col>, <cd>to fit it with an
armature.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Arm</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To provide one's self with
arms, weapons, or means of attack or resistance; to take arms.</def> " 'Tis
time to <i>arm</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 82  !></p>

<p><hw>Ar*ma"da</hw> (&auml;r*m&amacr;"d&adot; <i>or</i>
&auml;r*m&auml;"d&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>armada</i>, L. as if
<i>armata</i> (sc. <i>classic</i> fleet), fr. <i>armatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>armare</i>. See <u>Arm</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <u>Army</u>.] <def>A
fleet of armed ships; a squadron. Specifically, the Spanish fleet which was
sent to assail England, <u>a. d.</u> 1558.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ma*dil"lo</hw> (&auml;r`m&adot;*d&ibreve;l"l&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Armadillos</b></plw> (-l&omacr;z).
[Sp. <i>armadillo</i>, dim. of <i>armado</i> armed, p. p. of <i>armar</i>
to arm. So called from being armed with a bony shell.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any edentate animal if the family
<i>Dasypid&aelig;</i>, peculiar to America. The body and head are incased
in an armor composed of small bony plates. The armadillos burrow in the
earth, seldom going abroad except at night. When attacked, they curl up
into a ball, presenting the armor on all sides. Their flesh is good food.
There are several species, one of which (the peba) is found as far north as
Texas. See <u>Peba</u>, <u>Poyou</u>, <u>Tatouay</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A genus of small isopod Crustacea that can roll
themselves into a ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*ma"do</hw> (&auml;r*m&amacr;"d&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Armada.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"ma*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>armamenta</i>,
pl., utensils, esp. the tackle of a ship, fr. <i>armare</i> to arm: cf. LL.
<i>armamentum</i>, F. <i>armement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A body of
forces equipped for war; -- used of a land or naval force.</def> "The whole
united <i>armament</i> of Greece."  <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. &amp; Nav.)</i> <def>All the cannon and small
arms collectively, with their equipments, belonging to a ship or a
fortification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any equipment for resistance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ma*men"ta*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>armamentarium</i>, fr. <i>armamentum</i>: cf. F. <i>armamentaire</i>.]
<def>An armory; a magazine or arsenal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"ma*ture</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>armatura</i>, fr.
<i>armare</i> to arm: cf. F. <i>armature</i>. See <u>Arm</u>, v. t.,
<u>Armor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Armor; whatever is worn or used for
the protection and defense of the body, esp. the protective outfit of some
animals and plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Magnetism)</i> <def>A piece of soft iron used to
connect the two poles of a magnet, or electro-magnet, in order to complete
the circuit, or to receive and apply the magnetic force. In the ordinary
horseshoe magnet, it serves to prevent the dissipation of the magnetic
force.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Iron bars or framing employed for
the consolidation of a building, as in sustaining slender columns, holding
up canopies, etc.</def>  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arm"chair`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chair with arms
to support the elbows or forearms.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Armed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with weapons of offense or defense; furnished with the means
of security or protection.</def> "And <i>armed</i> host."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Furnished with whatever serves to add strength,
force, or efficiency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A distemper eminently <i>armed</i> from heaven.<BR>
<i>De Foe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having horns, beak, talons, etc; -
- said of beasts and birds of prey.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Armed at all points</b></col> <i>(Blazoning)</i>, <cd>completely
incased in armor, sometimes described as <i>armed cap-&agrave;-
pie</i>.</cd> <i>Cussans.</i> -- <col><b>Armed en flute</b></col>.
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Flute</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Armed
magnet</b></col>, <cd>a magnet provided with an armature.</cd> --
<col><b>Armed neutrality</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Neutrality</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar*me"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>Arm&eacute;nien</i>, L. <i>Armenias</i>, fr. <i>Armenia</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Armenia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Armenian bole</b></col>, <cd>a soft clayey earth of a bright red
color found in Armenia, Tuscany, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Armenian
stone</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The commercial name of lapis
lazuli.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Emery.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar*me"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native or one of the people of Armenia; also, the language of the
Armenians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>An adherent of the Armenian
Church, an organization similar in some doctrines and practices to the
Greek Church, in others to the Roman Catholic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arm"et</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of <i>arme</i>
arm, or corrupted for <i>healmet</i> helmet.] <def>A kind of helmet worn in
the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arm"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Armfulus</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as the arm can
hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arm"gaunt`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>With gaunt or
slender legs. (?)</def>  "An <i>armgaunt</i> steed."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word is peculiar to Shakespeare. Its meaning has not yet
been satisfactorily explained.</p>

<p><hw>Arm"-gret`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Great as a man's
arm.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A wreath of gold, <i>arm-gret</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Arm"hole`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Arm</i> +
<i>hole</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The cavity under the shoulder; the
armpit.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hole for the arm in a garment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*mif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>armifer</i>;
<i>arma</i> arms + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Bearing arms or
weapons.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"mi*ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>armiger</i> armor
bearer; <i>arma</i> arms + <i>gerere</i> to bear.] <def>Formerly, an armor
bearer, as of a knight, an esquire who bore his shield and rendered other
services. In later use, one next in degree to a knight, and entitled to
armorial bearings. The term is now superseded by <i>esquire</i>.</def>
<i>Jacob.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*mig"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing
arms.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They belonged to the <i>armigerous</i> part of the
population, and were entitled to write themselves Esquire.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"mil</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>armilla</i> a
bracelet, fr. <i>armus</i> arm: cf. OF. <i>armille</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A bracelet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ancient astronomical instrument.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When composed of one ring placed in the plane of the equator for
determining the time of the equinoxes, it is called an <i>equinoctial
armil</i>; when of two or more rings, one in the plane of the meridian, for
observing the solstices, it is called a <i>solstitial armil</i>.
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*mil"la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Armillas</b></plw> (&?;), L. <plw><b>Armill&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;).
[L., a bracelet.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An armil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A ring of hair or feathers
on the legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"mil*la*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>armillarius</i>, fr. L. <i>armilla</i> arm ring, bracelet, fr.
<i>armus</i> arm: cf. F. <i>armillaire</i>. See <u>Arm</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a bracelet or
ring; consisting of rings or circles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Armillary sphere</b></col>, <cd>an ancient astronomical machine
composed of an assemblage of rings, all circles of the same sphere,
designed to represent the positions of the important circles of the
celestial sphere.</cd>  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arm"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of furnishing with, or taking, arms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>arming</i> was now universal.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of tallow placed in a
cavity at the lower end of a sounding lead, to bring up the sand, shells,
etc., of the sea bottom.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Red dress cloths
formerly hung fore and aft outside of a ship's upper works on
holidays.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arming press</b></col> <i>(Bookbinding)</i>, <cd>a press for
stamping titles and designs on the covers of books.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar*min"i*an</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Arminius of his followers, or to their doctrines. See note
under <u>Arminian</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*min"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One
who holds the tenets of Arminius, a Dutch divine (b. 1560, d.
1609).</def></p>

<p>The Arminian doctrines are: 1. Conditional election and reprobation, in
opposition to absolute predestination. 2. Universal redemption, or that the
atonement was made by Christ for all mankind, though none but believers can
be partakers of the benefit. 3. That man, in order to exercise true faith,
must be regenerated and renewed by the operation of the Holy Spirit, which
is the gift of God. 4. That man may resist divine grace. 5. That man may
relapse from a state of grace.</p>

<p><hw>Ar*min"i*an*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The religious
doctrines or tenets of the Arminians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*mip"o*tence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>armipotentia</i>, fr. <i>armipotents</i>.] <def>Power in arms.</def>
[R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*mip"o*tent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>armipotents</i>; <i>arma</i> arms + <i>potens</i> powerful, p. pr. of
<i>posse</i> to be able.] <def>Powerful in arms; mighty in
battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The temple stood of Mars <i>armipotent</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar*mis"o*nant</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar*mis"o*nous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>armisonus</i>; <i>arma</i> arms + <i>sonare</i>
(p. pr. <i>sonans</i>) to sound.] <def>Rustling in arms; resounding with
arms.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"mis*tice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>armistice</i>,
fr. (an assumed word) L. <i>armistitium</i>; <i>arma</i> arms +
<i>stare</i>, <i>statum</i> (combining form, <i>-stitum</i>), to stand
still.] <def>A cessation of arms for a short time, by convention; a
temporary suspension of hostilities by agreement; a truce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arm"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Without any arm or branch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of arms or weapons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arm"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Arm</i> + <i>-let</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small arm; as, an <i>armlet</i> of the sea.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An arm ring; a bracelet for the upper
arm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Armor for the arm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*mo"ni*ac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ammoniac.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"mor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>armure</i>, fr. F.
<i>armure</i>, OF. <i>armeure</i>, fr. L. <i>armatura</i>. See
<u>Armature</u>.] [Spelt also <i>armour</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Defensive arms for the body; any clothing or covering worn to protect
one's person in battle.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In English statues, <i>armor</i> is used for the whole apparatus
of war, including offensive as well as defensive arms. The <i>statues of
armor</i> directed what arms every man should provide.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Steel or iron covering, whether of ships or
forts, protecting them from the fire of artillery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coat armor</b></col>, <cd>the escutcheon of a person or family,
with its several charges and other furniture, as mantling, crest,
supporters, motto, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Submarine</b></col>, <cd>a water-
tight dress or covering for a diver. See under <u>Submarine</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar"mor-bear`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who carries
the armor or arms of another; an armiger.</def>  <i>Judg. ix. 54.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"mored</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clad with
armor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"mor*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>armurer</i>,
<i>armerer</i>, fr. F. <i>armurter</i>, fr. armure armor.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who makes or repairs armor or arms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, one who had care of the arms and armor
of a knight, and who dressed him in armor.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who has the care of arms and armor, cleans
or repairs them, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*mo"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>armorial</i>,
fr. <i>armoiries</i> arms, coats of arms, for <i>armoieries</i>, fr. OF.
<i>armoier</i> to paint arms, coats of arms, fr. <i>armes</i>, fr. L.
<i>arma</i>. See <u>Arms</u>, <u>Armory</u>.] <def>Belonging to armor, or
to the heraldic arms or escutcheon of a family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Figures with <i>armorial</i> signs of race and birth.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Armorial bearings</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Arms</u>, 4.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar*mor"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar*mor"i*can</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Armoricus</i>, fr. Celtic <i>ar</i> on, at +
<i>mor</i> sea.] <def>Of or pertaining to the northwestern part of France
(formerly called <i>Armorica</i>, now Bretagne or Brittany), or to its
people.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of the Armoricans,
a Celtic dialect which has remained to the present times.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*mor"i*can</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of
Armorica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"mor*ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>armoriste</i>.]
<def>One skilled in coat armor or heraldry.</def>  <i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"mor-plat`ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
defensive plates of metal, as a ship of war; steel-clad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This day will be launched . . . the first <i>armor-
plated</i> steam frigate in the possession of Great Britain.<BR>
<i>Times (Dec. 29, 1860).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"mo*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Armories</b></plw> (&?;). [OF. <i>armaire</i>, <i>armarie</i>, F.
<i>armoire</i>, fr. L. <i>armarium</i> place for keeping arms; but confused
with F. <i>armoiries</i>. See <u>Armorial</u>, <u>Ambry</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where arms and instruments of war are
deposited for safe keeping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Armor; defensive and offensive arms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Celestial <i>armory</i>, shields, helms, and spears.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A manufactory of arms, as rifles, muskets,
pistols, bayonets, swords.</def>  [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>Ensigns armorial; armorial bearings.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That branch of heraldry which treats of coat
armor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The science of heraldry, or, more justly speaking,
<i>armory</i>, which is but one branch of heraldry, is, without doubt, of
very ancient origin.<BR>
<i>Cussans.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar`mo*zeen"</hw>, <hw>Ar`mo*zine"</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>armosin</i>, <i>armoisin</i>.] <def>A thick plain
silk, generally black, and used for clerical.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arm"pit`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Arm</i> + <i>pit</i>.]
<def>The hollow beneath the junction of the arm and shoulder; the
axilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arm"rack`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A frame, generally
vertical, for holding small arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arms</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE. <i>armes</i>, F.
<i>arme</i>, pl. <i>armes</i>, fr. L. <i>arma</i>, pl., arms, orig.
fittings, akin to <i>armus</i> shoulder, and E. <i>arm</i>. See <u>Arm</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Instruments or weapons of
offense or defense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He lays down his <i>arms</i>, but not his wiles.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Three horses and three goodly suits of <i>arms</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The deeds or exploits of war; military service
or science.</def> "<i>Arms</i> and the man I sing."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Anything which a man takes in his
hand in anger, to strike or assault another with; an aggressive
weapon.</def>  <i>Cowell. Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The ensigns armorial of a family,
consisting of figures and colors borne in shields, banners, etc., as marks
of dignity and distinction, and descending from father to son.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>The legs of a hawk from the
thigh to the foot.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bred to arms</b></col>, <cd>educated to the profession of a
soldier.</cd> -- <col><b>In arms</b></col>, <cd>armed for war; in a state
of hostility.</cd> -- <col><b>Small arms</b></col>, <cd>portable firearms
known as muskets, rifles, carbines, pistols, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>A stand
of arms</b></col>, <cd>a complete set for one soldier, as a musket,
bayonet, cartridge box and belt; frequently, the musket and bayonet
alone.</cd> -- <col><b>To arms</b></col><cd>! a summons to war or
battle.</cd> -- <col><b>Under arms</b></col>, <cd>armed and equipped and in
readiness for battle, or for a military parade.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Arm's end</b></col>, <col><b>Arm's length</b></col>,
<col><b>Arm's reach</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Arm</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar"mure</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Armor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Armor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A variety of twilled fabric ribbed on the
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>arm&eacute;e</i>, fr.
L. <i>armata</i>, fem. of <i>armatus</i>, p. p. of <i>armare</i> to arm.
Cf. <u>Armada</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A collection or body of men
armed for war, esp. one organized in companies, battalions, regiments,
brigades, and divisions, under proper officers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body of persons organized for the advancement
of a cause; as, the Blue Ribbon <i>Army</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A great number; a vast multitude; a
host.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>army</i> of good words.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Standing army</b></col>, <cd>a permanent army of professional
soldiers, as distinguished from militia or volunteers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar"my worm`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A lepidopterous insect, which in the larval state often travels in
great multitudes from field to field, destroying grass, grain, and other
crops. The common army worm of the northern United States is <i>Leucania
unipuncta</i>. The name is often applied to other related species, as the
cotton worm.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The larva of a small two-winged
fly (<i>Sciara</i>), which marches in large companies, in regular order.
See <u>Cotton worm</u>, under <u>Cotton</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar"na</hw> (&?;), <hw>||Ar"nee</hw> (&?;),  <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wild buffalo of India (<i>Bos, or Bubalus,
arni</i>), larger than the domestic buffalo and having enormous
horns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*nat"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Annotto</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ni*ca</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. a corruption of
<i>ptarmica</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants; also, the most
important species (<i>Arnica montana</i>), native of the mountains of
Europe, used in medicine as a narcotic and stimulant.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The tincture of <i>arnica</i> is applied externally as a remedy
for bruises, sprains, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Ar"ni*cin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Arnica</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An active principle of <i>Arnica montana</i>. It is a
bitter resin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ni*cine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
alkaloid obtained from the arnica plant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar"not</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar"nut</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. D. <i>aardnoot</i>, E. <i>earthut</i>.] <def>The earthnut.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar*not"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Annotto</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"roid</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*roid"e*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Ar</i>um + -<i>oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Belonging to, or
resembling, the Arum family of plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*roint"</hw> (&adot;*roint"), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov.
E. <i>rynt</i>, <i>rynt</i> thee, <i>roynt</i>, or <i>runt</i>, terms used
by milkmaids to a cow that has been milked, in order to drive her away, to
make room for others; AS. <i>r&ymacr;man</i> to make room or way, fr.
<i>r&umacr;m</i> room. The final <i>t</i> is perh. for <i>ta</i>, for
<i>thou</i>.  Cf. <u>Room</u> space.] <def>Stand off, or begone.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Aroint</i> thee, witch, the rump-fed ronyon cries.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*roint"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drive or scare off by
some exclamation.</def> [R.] "Whiskered cats <i>arointed</i> flee." <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ro"ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aroma</i>, Gr. &?;:
cf. OE. <i>aromaz</i>, <i>aromat</i>, spice, F. <i>aromate</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or principle of plants or other
substances which constitutes their fragrance; agreeable odor; as, the
<i>aroma</i> of coffee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The fine diffusive quality of intellectual
power; flavor; as, the subtile <i>aroma</i> of genius.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar`o*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar`o*mat"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aromaticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>aromatique</i>. See <u>Aroma</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or containing,
aroma; fragrant; spicy; strong-scented; odoriferous; as, <i>aromatic</i>
balsam.</def></p>

<p><! p. 83  !></p>

<p><col><b>Aromatic compound</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>one of a large
class of organic substances, as the oils of bitter almonds, wintergreen,
and turpentine, the balsams, camphors, etc., many of which have an aromatic
odor. They include many of the most important of the carbon compounds and
may all be derived from the benzene group, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>. The
term is extended also to many of their derivatives.</cd> --
<col><b>Aromatic vinegar</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Vinegar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar`o*mat"ic</hw> (&abreve;r`&osl;*m&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plant, drug, or medicine, characterized by a
fragrant smell, and usually by a warm, pungent taste, as ginger, cinnamon,
spices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`o*mat`i*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>aromatisation</i>.] <def>The act of impregnating or secting with
aroma.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ro"ma*tize</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Aromatized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aromatizing</u>.] [L. <i>aromatizare</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>aromatiser</i>.] <def>To impregnate with aroma; to render aromatic; to
give a spicy scent or taste to; to perfume.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ro"ma*ti`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, aromatizes or renders aromatic.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ro"ma*tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Aromatic.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Caxton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"oph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A contraction of
<i>aro</i>ma <i>ph</i>ilosophorum.] <def>A barbarous word used by the old
chemists to designate various medical remedies.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*rose"</hw> (&?;). <def>The past or preterit tense of
<u>Arise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*round"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>round</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a circle; circularly; on every
side; round.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a circuit; here and there within the
surrounding space; all about; as, to travel <i>around</i> from town to
town.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Near; in the neighborhood; as, this man was
standing <i>around</i> when the fight took place.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p>&fist; See <u>Round</u>, the shorter form, <pos><i>adv. &
prep.</i></pos>, which, in some of the meanings, is more commonly used.</p>

<p><hw>A*round"</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On
all sides of; encircling; encompassing; so as to make the circuit of;
about.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lambent flame arose, which gently spread<BR>
<i>Around</i> his brows.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>From one part to another of; at random through;
about; on another side of; as, to travel <i>around</i> the country; a house
standing <i>around</i> the corner.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>A*rous"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of arousing,
or the state of being aroused.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever has associated itself with the <i>arousal</i> and
activity of our better nature.<BR>
<i>Hare.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*rouse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aroused</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Arousing</u>.] [Pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>rouse</i>.] <def>To excite to
action from a state of rest; to stir, or put in motion or exertion; to
rouse; to excite; as, to <i>arouse</i> one from sleep; to <i>arouse</i> the
dormant faculties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grasping his spear, forth issued to <i>arouse</i><BR>
His brother, mighty sovereign on the host.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No suspicion was <i>aroused</i>.<BR>
<i>Merivale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*row"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>row</i>.] <def>In a row, line, or rank; successively; in order.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And twenty, rank in rank, they rode <i>arow</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*roynt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Aroint</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*peg"gio</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr.
<i>arpeggiare</i> to play on the harp, fr. <i>arpa</i> harp.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The production of the tones of a chord in rapid succession, as in
playing the harp, and not simultaneously; a strain thus played.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar"pent</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar"pen</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>arpent</i>, fr. L. <i>arepennis</i>, <i>arapennis</i>. According to
Columella, a Gallic word for a measure equiv. to half a Roman
<i>jugerum</i>.] <def>Formerly, a measure of land in France, varying in
different parts of the country. The <i>arpent</i> of Paris was 4,088 sq.
yards, or nearly five sixths of an English acre. The <i>woodland arpent</i>
was about 1 acre, 1 rood, 1 perch, English.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`pen*ta"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Arpent</u>.]
<def>The Anglicized form of the French <i>arpenteur</i>, a land
surveyor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"pine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An arpent.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Webster (1623).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"qua*ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like a bow;
arcuate; curved.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar"que*bus</hw>, <hw>Ar"que*buse</hw>  } (?; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>arquebuse</i>, OF. <i>harquebuse</i>, fr. D.
<i>haak-bus</i>; cf. G. <i>hakenb&uuml;chse</i> a gun with a hook. See
<u>Hagbut</u>.] <def>A sort of hand gun or firearm a contrivance answering
to a trigger, by which the burning match was applied. The musket was a
later invention.</def> [Written also <i>harquebus</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar`que*bus*ade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>arquebusade</i> shot of an arquebus; eau d'<i>arquebusade</i> a
vulnerary for gunshot wounds.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The shot of an
arquebus.</def>  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A distilled water from a variety of aromatic
plants, as rosemary, millefoil, etc.; -- originally used as a vulnerary in
gunshot wounds.</def>  <i>Parr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`que*bus*ier</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>arquebusier</i>.] <def>A soldier armed with an arquebus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Soldiers armed with guns, of whatsoever sort or
denomination, appear to have been called <i>arquebusiers</i>.<BR>
<i>E. Lodge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"qui*foux</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Alquifou</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"rach</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Orach</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"rack</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>araq</i> sweat,
juice, spirituous liquor, fr. <i>araqa</i> to sweat. Cf. <u>Rack</u>
arrack.] <def>A name in the East Indies and the Indian islands for all
ardent spirits. Arrack is often distilled from a fermented mixture of rice,
molasses, and palm wine of the cocoanut tree or the date palm,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rag"o*nite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Aragonite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*raign"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Arraigned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Arraigning</u>.] [OE. <i>arainen</i>, <i>arenen</i>, OF.
<i>aragnier</i>, <i>aranier</i>, <i>araisnier</i>, F. <i>arraisonner</i>,
fr. LL. <i>arrationare</i> to address to call before court; L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>ratio</i> reason, reasoning, LL. cause, judgment. See <u>Reason</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To call or set as a prisoner at the
bar of a court to answer to the matter charged in an indictment or
complaint.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To call to account, or accuse, before the bar of
reason, taste, or any other tribunal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They will not <i>arraign</i> you for want of knowledge.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not arrogance, but timidity, of which the Christian
body should now be <i>arraigned</i> by the world.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To accuse; impeach; charge; censure; criminate; indict;
denounce. See <u>Accuse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ar*raign"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Arraignment; as, the clerk
of the <i>arraigns</i>.</def>  <i>Blackstone. Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*raign"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From OF.
<i>aramier</i>, fr. LL. <i>adhramire</i>.] <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>To
appeal to; to demand; as, to <i>arraign</i> an assize of novel
disseizin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*raign"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
arraigns.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*raign"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>arraynement</i>, <i>aresnement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The act of arraigning, or the state of being arraigned; the act of
calling and setting a prisoner before a court to answer to an indictment or
complaint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A calling to an account to faults;
accusation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the sixth satire, which seems only an <i>Arraignment</i>
of the whole sex, there is a latent admonition.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rai"ment</hw>, <hw>Ar*ray"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <u>Array</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Clothes; raiment.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar*range"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Arranged</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Arranging</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>arayngen</i>, OF. <i>arengier</i>, F.
<i>arranger</i>, fr. <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + OF. <i>rengier</i>,
<i>rangier</i>, F. <i>ranger</i>. See <u>Range</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put in proper order; to dispose
(persons, or parts) in the manner intended, or best suited for the purpose;
as, troops <i>arranged</i> for battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So [they] came to the market place, and there he
<i>arranged</i> his men in the streets.<BR>
<i>Berners.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] were beginning to <i>arrange</i> their hampers.<BR>
<i>Boswell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A mechanism previously <i>arranged</i>.<BR>
<i>Paley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adjust or settle; to prepare; to determine;
as, to <i>arrange</i> the preliminaries of an undertaking.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Adjust; adapt; range; dispose; classify.</p>

<p><hw>Ar*range"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>arrangement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of arranging or
putting in an orderly condition; the state of being arranged or put in
order; disposition in suitable form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The manner or result of arranging; system of
parts disposed in due order; regular and systematic classification; as,
<i>arrangement</i> of one's dress; the Linn&aelig;an <i>arrangement</i> of
plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Preparatory proceeding or measure; preparation;
as, we have made <i>arrangement</i> for receiving company.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Settlement; adjustment by agreement; as, the
parties have made an <i>arrangement</i> between themselves concerning their
disputes; a satisfactory <i>arrangement</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The adaptation
of a composition to voices or instruments for which it was not originally
written.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A piece so adapted; a
transcription; as, a pianoforte <i>arrangement</i> of Beethoven's
symphonies; an orchestral <i>arrangement</i> of a song, an opera, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*ran"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
arranges.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"rant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>erraunt</i>,
<i>errant</i>, <i>errand</i>, equiv. to E. <i>errant</i> wandering, which
was first applied to vagabonds, as an <i>errant rogue</i>, an <i>errant
thief</i>, and hence passed gradually into its present and worse sense. See
<u>Errant</u>.] <def>Notoriously or pre&euml;minently bad; thorough or
downright, in a bad sense; shameless; unmitigated; as, an <i>arrant</i>
rogue or coward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I discover an <i>arrant</i> laziness in my soul.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Thorough or downright, in a good sense.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>arrant</i> honest woman.<BR>
<i>Burton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"rant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Notoriously, in an ill
sense; infamously; impudently; shamefully.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ras</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Arras</i> the
capital of Artois, in the French Netherlands.] <def>Tapestry; a rich
figured fabric; especially, a screen or hangings of heavy cloth with
interwoven figures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stateliest couches, with rich <i>arras</i> spread.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Behind the <i>arras</i> I'll convey myself.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ras</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with an
arras.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ras*ene"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Arras</u>.]
<def>A material of wool or silk used for working the figures in
embroidery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*ras"tre</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A rude
apparatus for pulverizing ores, esp. those containing free gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ras*wise`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar"ras*ways`</hw>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Prob. a corruption of <i>arriswise</i>. See
<u>Arris</u>.] <def>Placed in such a position as to exhibit the top and two
sides, the corner being in front; -- said of a rectangular form.</def>
<i>Encyc. Brit. Cussans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*raught"</hw> (&?;). [The past tense of an old v. <i>areach</i> or
<i>arreach</i>. Cf. <u>Reach</u>, obs. pret. <i>raught</i>.] <def>Obtained;
seized.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*ray"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>arai</i>,
<i>arrai</i>, OF. <i>arrai</i>, <i>arrei</i>, <i>arroi</i>, order,
arrangement, dress, F. <i>arroi</i>; <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + OF.
<i>rai</i>, <i>rei</i>, <i>roi</i>, order, arrangement, fr. G. or Scand.;
cf. Goth. <i>raidjan</i>, <i>garaidjan</i>, to arrange, MHG.
<i>gereiten</i>, Icel. <i>rei&eth;i</i> rigging, harness; akin to E.
<i>ready</i>. Cf. <u>Ready</u>, <u>Greith</u>, <u>Curry</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Order; a regular and imposing arrangement;
disposition in regular lines; hence, order of battle; as, drawn up in
battle <i>array</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wedged together in the closest <i>array</i>.<BR>
<i>Gibbon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole body of persons thus placed in order;
an orderly collection; hence, a body of soldiers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gallant <i>array</i> of nobles and cavaliers.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An imposing series of things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their long <i>array</i> of sapphire and of gold.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Dress; garments disposed in order upon the
person; rich or beautiful apparel.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A ranking or
setting forth in order, by the proper officer, of a jury as impaneled in a
cause.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The panel itself.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The whole body of jurors summoned to attend the
court.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To challenge the array</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to except to
the whole panel.</cd> <i>Cowell.</i> <i>Tomlins.</i> <i>Blount.</i> --
<col><b>Commission of array</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>a commission
given by the prince to officers in every county, to muster and <i>array</i>
the inhabitants, or see them in a condition for war.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*ray"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Arrayed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Arraying</u>.] [OE. <i>araien</i>, <i>arraien</i>, fr. OE.
<i>arraier</i>, <i>arreier</i>, <i>arreer</i>, <i>arroier</i>, fr.
<i>arrai</i>. See <u>Array</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To place or dispose in order, as troops for battle; to
marshal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By torch and trumpet fast <i>arrayed</i>,<BR>
Each horseman drew his battle blade.<BR>
<i>Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>These doubts will be <i>arrayed</i> before their minds.<BR>
<i>Farrar.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deck or dress; to adorn with dress; to cloth
to envelop; -- applied esp. to dress of a splendid kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pharaoh . . . <i>arrayed</i> him in vestures of fine
linen.<BR>
<i>Gen. xli.&?;.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In gelid caves with horrid gloom <i>arrayed</i>.<BR>
<i>Trumbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To set in order, as a jury, for the
trial of a cause; that is, to call them man by man.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To array a panel</b></col>, <cd>to set forth in order the men
that are impaneled.</cd>  <i>Cowell.</i>  <i>Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To draw up; arrange; dispose; set in order.</p>

<p><hw>Ar*ray"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who arrays. In some
early English statutes, applied to an officer who had care of the soldiers'
armor, and who saw them duly accoutered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rear"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>arere</i>, OF.
<i>arere</i>, <i>ariere</i>, F. <i>arri&egrave;re</i>, fr. L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>retro</i> backward. See <u>Rear</u>.] <def>To or in the rear; behind;
backwards.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rear"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is behind in
payment, or which remains unpaid, though due; esp. a remainder, or balance
which remains due when some part has been paid; arrearage; -- commonly used
in the plural, as, <i>arrears</i> of rent, wages, or taxes.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For much I dread due payment by the Greeks<BR>
Of yesterday's <i>arrear</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a large <i>arrear</i> of letters to write.<BR>
<i>J. D. Forbes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>In arrear</b></col> or <col><b>In arrears</b></col>, <cd>behind;
backward; behindhand; in debt.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rear"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>arr&eacute;rage</i>, fr. <i>arri&egrave;re</i>, OF. <i>arere</i>. See
<u>Arrear</u>.] <def>That which remains unpaid and overdue, after payment
of a part; arrears.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The old <i>arrearages</i> . . . being defrayed.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar*rect"</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar*rect"ed</hw>, } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>arrectus</i>, p. p. of <i>arrigere</i> to raise, erect; <i>ad</i> +
<i>regere</i> to lead straight, to direct.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lifted
up; raised; erect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attentive, as a person listening.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God speaks not the idle and unconcerned hearer, but to the
vigilant and <i>arrect</i>.<BR>
<i>Smalridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
direct.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My supplication to you I <i>arrect</i>.<BR>
<i>Skelton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <u>Aret</u>.] <def>To impute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rect"a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arrectarius</i>, fr. <i>arrigere</i> o set up.] <def>An upright
beam.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`re*not"o*kous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bearing
males; &?; a male + &?; a bringing forth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Producing males from unfertilized eggs, as certain wasps and
bees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ren*ta"tion</hw> (&?;). [Cf. F. <i>arrenter</i> to give or take
as rent. See <u>Arendator</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A letting or
renting, esp. a license to inclose land in a forest with a low hedge and a
ditch, under a yearly rent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rep"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arripere</i>,
<i>arreptum</i>, to seize, snatch; <i>ad</i> + <i>rapere</i> to snatch. See
<u>Rapacious</u>.] <def>The act of taking away.</def> [Obs.] "This
<i>arreption</i> was sudden."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`rep*ti"tious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arreptitius</i>.] <def>Snatched away; seized or possessed, as a
demoniac; raving; mad; crack-brained.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Odd, <i>arreptitious</i>, frantic extravagances.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rest"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Arrested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Arresting</u>.] [OE. <i>aresten</i>, OF. <i>arester</i>, F.
<i>arr&ecirc;ter</i>, fr. LL. <i>arrestare</i>; L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>restare</i> to remain, stop; <i>re</i> + <i>stare</i> to stand. See
<u>Rest</u> remainder.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stop; to check or hinder
the motion or action of; as, to <i>arrest</i> the current of a river; to
<i>arrest</i> the senses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor could her virtues the relentless hand<BR>
Of Death <i>arrest</i>.<BR>
<i>Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To take, seize, or apprehend by
authority of law; as, to <i>arrest</i> one for debt, or for a
crime.</def></p>

<p>&fist; After this word Shakespeare uses <i>of</i> ("I <i>arrest</i> thee
<i>of</i> high treason") or <i>on</i>; the modern usage is <i>for</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To seize on and fix; to hold; to catch; as, to
<i>arrest</i> the eyes or attention.</def>  <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To rest or fasten; to fix; to concentrate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We may <i>arrest</i> our thoughts upon the divine
mercies.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To obstruct; delay; detain; check; hinder; stop;
apprehend; seize; lay hold of.</p>

<p><hw>Ar*rest"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To tarry; to rest.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rest"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>arest</i>,
<i>arrest</i>, OF. <i>arest</i>, F. <i>arr&ecirc;t</i>, fr. <i>arester</i>.
See <u>Arrest</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Arr&?;t</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of stopping, or restraining from further
motion, etc.; stoppage; hindrance; restraint; as, an <i>arrest</i> of
development.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the <i>arrest</i> of the air showeth.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The taking or apprehending of a
person by authority of law; legal restraint; custody. Also, a decree,
mandate, or warrant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>William . . . ordered him to be put under <i>arrest</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>[Our brother Norway] sends out <i>arrests</i><BR>
On Fortinbras; which he, in brief, obeys.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; An arrest may be made by seizing or touching the body; but it is
sufficient in the party be within the power of the officer and submit to
the arrest. In Admiralty law, and in old English practice, the term is
applied to the seizure of property.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any seizure by power, physical or
moral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sad stories of fire from heaven, the burning of his
sheep, etc., . . . were sad <i>arrests</i> to his troubled spirit.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A scurfiness of the back part of
the hind leg of a horse; -- also named <i>rat-tails</i>.</def>
<i>White.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Arrest of judgment</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the staying or
stopping of a judgment, after verdict, for legal cause. The motion for this
purpose is called a motion in <i>arrest of judgment</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar`res*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>arrestation</i>, LL. <i>arrestatio</i>.] <def>Arrest.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>arrestation</i> of the English resident in France was
decreed by the National Convention.<BR>
<i>H. M. Williams.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar`res*tee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Arrest</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The person in whose hands is
the property attached by arrestment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rest"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who arrests.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The person at whose suit an
arrestment is made.</def> [Also written <i>arrestor</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 84  !></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rest"ing</hw> (&abreve;r*r&ebreve;st"&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Striking; attracting attention;
impressive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This most solemn and <i>arresting</i> occurrence.<BR>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rest"ive</hw> (-&ibreve;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
arrest.</def>  <i>McCosh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rest"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>arrestement</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The arrest of a person, or the
seizure of his effects; esp., a process by which money or movables in the
possession of a third party are attached.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stoppage or check.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*r&ecirc;t</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Arrest</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(F. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A judgment, decision, or decree of a court or high tribunal; also, a
decree of a sovereign.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An arrest; a legal
seizure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*ret"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Aret</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`rha*phos"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to sew together.] <def>Seamless.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar*rhi"zal</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar*rhi"zous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; not rooted; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; a
root.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Destitute of a true root, as a parasitical
plant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar*rhyth"mic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar*rhyth"mous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; rhythm.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Being without rhythm or regularity, as the
pulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"rhyt*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; rhythm.] <def>Want of rhythm.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar*ride"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>arridere</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>ridere</i> to laugh.] <def>To please; to gratify.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Above all thy rarities, old Oxenford, what do most
<i>arride</i> and solace me are thy repositories of moldering learning.<BR>
<i>Lamb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*riere"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>arri&egrave;re</i>. See <u>Arrear</u>.] <def>"That which is behind"; the
rear; -- chiefly used as an adjective in the sense of <i>behind</i>,
<i>rear</i>, <i>subordinate</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arriere fee</b></col>, <col><b>Arriere fief</b></col>, <cd>a fee
or fief dependent on a superior fee, or a fee held of a feudatory.</cd> --
<col><b>Arriere vassal</b></col>, <cd>the vassal of a vassal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar*riere"-ban`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. OE.
<i>arban</i>, <i>heriban</i>, fr. OHG. <i>hariban</i>, <i>heriban</i>, G.
<i>heerbann</i>, the calling together of an army; OHG. <i>heri</i> an army
+ <i>ban</i> a public call or order. The French have misunderstood their
old word, and have changed it into <i>arri&egrave;re-ban</i>, though
<i>arri&egrave;re</i> has no connection with its proper meaning. See
<u>Ban</u>, <u>Abandon</u>.] <def>A proclamation, as of the French kings,
calling not only their immediate feudatories, but the vassals of these
feudatories, to take the field for war; also, the body of vassals called or
liable to be called to arms, as in ancient France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ris</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>areste</i>, F.
<i>ar&ecirc;te</i>, fr. L. <i>arista</i> the top or beard of an ear of
grain, the bone of a fish.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The sharp edge or salient
angle formed by two surfaces meeting each other, whether plane or curved; -
- applied particularly to the edges in moldings, and to the raised edges
which separate the flutings in a Doric column.</def>  <i>P. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Arris fillet</b></col>, <cd>a triangular piece of wood used to
raise the slates of a roof against a chimney or wall, to throw off the
rain.</cd> <i>Gwilt.</i> -- <col><b>Arris gutter</b></col>, <cd>a gutter of
a V form fixed to the eaves of a building.</cd> <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"rish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Eddish</u>.]
<def>The stubble of wheat or grass; a stubble field; eddish.</def> [Eng.]
[Written also <i>arish</i>, <i>ersh</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The moment we entered the stubble or <i>arrish</i>.<BR>
<i>Blackw. Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ris*wise`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Diagonally
laid, as tiles; ridgewise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*riv"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Arrive</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of arriving, or coming; the act of reaching
a place from a distance, whether by water (as in its original sense) or by
land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our watchmen from the towers, with longing eyes,<BR>
Expect his swift <i>arrival</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The attainment or reaching of any object, by
effort, or in natural course; as, our <i>arrival</i> at this conclusion was
wholly unexpected.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The person or thing arriving or which has
arrived; as, news brought by the last <i>arrival</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Another <i>arrival</i> still more important was speedily
announced.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An approach.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The house has a corner <i>arrival</i>.<BR>
<i>H. Walpole.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*riv"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Arrival.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rive"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Arrived</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Arriving</u>.] [OE. <i>ariven</i> to arrive, land, OF. <i>ariver</i>, F.
<i>arriver</i>, fr. LL. <i>arripare</i>, <i>adripare</i>, to come to shore;
L. <i>ad</i> + <i>ripa</i> the shore or sloping bank of a river. Cf.
<u>Riparian</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come to the shore or bank. In
present usage: To come in progress by water, or by traveling on land; to
reach by water or by land; -- followed by <i>at</i> (formerly sometimes by
<i>to</i>), also by <i>in</i> and <i>from</i>.</def> "<i>Arrived</i> in
Padua."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[&AElig;neas] sailing with a fleet from Sicily,
<i>arrived</i> . . . and landed in the country of Laurentum.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>There was no outbreak till the regiment <i>arrived</i> at
Ipswich.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reach a point by progressive motion; to gain
or compass an object by effort, practice, study, inquiry, reasoning, or
experiment.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To arrive at</b></col>, <cd>or attain to.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>When he <i>arrived at</i> manhood.<BR>
<i>Rogers.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>arrive at</i> knowledge of a law of nature by the
generalization of facts.<BR>
<i>McCosh.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If <i>at</i> great things thou wouldst <i>arrive</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come; said of time; as, the time
<i>arrived</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To happen or occur.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Happy! to whom this glorious death <i>arrives</i>.<BR>
<i>Waller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rive"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bring to shore.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And made the sea-trod ship <i>arrive</i> them.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reach; to come to.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ere he <i>arrive</i> the happy isle.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere we could <i>arrive</i> the point proposed.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Arrive</i> at last the blessed goal.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*rive"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Arrival.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How should I joy of thy <i>arrive</i> to hear!<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*riv"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
arrives.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*ro"ba</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. and Pg., from Ar.
<i>arrub</i>, <i>ar-rubu</i>, a fourth part.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
Spanish weight used in Mexico and South America = 25.36 lbs. avoir.; also,
an old Portuguese weight, used in Brazil = 32.38 lbs. avoir.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Spanish liquid measure for wine = 3.54 imp.
gallons, and for oil = 2.78 imp. gallons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ro*gance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>arrogantia</i>, fr. <i>arrogans</i>. See <u>Arrogant</u>.] <def>The act
or habit of arrogating, or making undue claims in an overbearing manner;
that species of pride which consists in exorbitant claims of rank, dignity,
estimation, or power, or which exalts the worth or importance of the person
to an undue degree; proud contempt of others; lordliness; haughtiness;
self-assumption; presumption.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hate not you for her proud <i>arrogance</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Haughtiness; hauteur; assumption; lordliness;
presumption; pride; disdain; insolence; conceit; conceitedness. See
<u>Haughtiness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ar"ro*gan*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Arrogance.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ro*gant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>arrogant</i>, L.
<i>arrogans</i>, p. pr. of <i>arrogare</i>. See <u>Arrogate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Making, or having the disposition to make,
exorbitant claims of rank or estimation; giving one's self an undue degree
of importance; assuming; haughty; -- applied to persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Arrogant</i> Winchester, that haughty prelate.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing arrogance; marked with arrogance;
proceeding from undue claims or self-importance; -- applied to things; as,
<i>arrogant</i> pretensions or behavior.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Magisterial; lordly; proud; assuming; overbearing;
presumptuous; haughty. See <u>Magisterial</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ar"ro*gant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an arrogant
manner; with undue pride or self-importance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ro*gant*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Arrogance.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"ro*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Arrogated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Arrogating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>arrogatus</i>, p. p. of <i>adrogare</i>,
<i>arrogare</i>, to ask, appropriate to one's self; <i>ad</i> +
<i>rogare</i> to ask. See <u>Rogation</u>.] <def>To assume, or claim as
one's own, unduly, proudly, or presumptuously; to make undue claims to,
from vanity or baseless pretensions to right or merit; as, the pope
<i>arrogated</i> dominion over kings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>arrogated</i> to himself the right of deciding
dogmatically what was orthodox doctrine.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ro*ga"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arrogatio</i>,
fr. <i>arrogare</i>. Cf. <u>Adrogation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of arrogating, or making exorbitant claims; the act of taking more than
one is justly entitled to.</def>  <i>Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Civ. Law)</i> <def>Adoption of a person of full
age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ro*ga*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making undue
claims and pretension; prone to arrogance.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`ron`disse`ment"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>arrondir</i> to make round; <i>ad</i> + <i>rond</i> round, L.
<i>rotundus</i>.] <def>A subdivision of a department.</def> [France]</p>

<p>&fist; The territory of France, since the revolution, has been divided
into <i>departments</i>, those into <i>arrondissements</i>, those into
<i>cantons</i>, and the latter into <i>communes</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ar*rose"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>arroser</i>.]
<def>To drench; to besprinkle; to moisten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The blissful dew of heaven does <i>arrose</i> you.<BR>
<i>Two N. Kins.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*ro"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arrodere</i>,
<i>arrosum</i>, to gnaw: cf. F. <i>arrosion</i>.] <def>A gnawing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"row</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>arewe</i>, AS.
<i>arewe</i>, <i>earh</i>; akin to Icel. <i>&ouml;r</i>, <i>&ouml;rvar</i>,
Goth. <i>arhwazna</i>, and perh. L. <i>arcus</i> bow. Cf. <u>Arc</u>.]
<def>A missile weapon of offense, slender, pointed, and usually feathered
and barbed, to be shot from a bow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Broad arrow</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An arrow with a
broad head.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A mark placed upon British
ordnance and government stores, which bears a rude resemblance to a broad
arrowhead.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar"row grass`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
herbaceous grasslike plant (<i>Triglochin palustre</i>, and other species)
with pods opening so as to suggest barbed arrowheads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"row*head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The head of an arrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aquatic plant of the genus
<i>Sagittaria</i>, esp. <i>S. sagittifolia</i>, -- named from the shape of
the leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"row*head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like the head
of an arrow; cuneiform.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arrowheaded characters</b></col>, <cd>characters the elements of
which consist of strokes resembling arrowheads, nailheads, or wedges; --
hence called also <i>nail-headed</i>, <i>wedge-formed</i>,
<i>cuneiform</i>, or <i>cuneatic</i> characters; the oldest written
characters used in the country about the Tigris and Euphrates, and
subsequently in Persia, and abounding among the ruins of Persepolis,
Nineveh, and Babylon. See <u>Cuneiform</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar"row*root`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A west Indian plant of the genus <i>Maranta</i>, esp.
<i>M. arundinacea</i>, now cultivated in many hot countries. It said that
the Indians used the roots to neutralize the venom in wounds made by
poisoned arrows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A nutritive starch obtained from the rootstocks
of <i>Maranta arundinacea</i>, and used as food, esp. for children an
invalids; also, a similar starch obtained from other plants, as various
species of <i>Maranta</i> and <i>Curcuma</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"row*wood`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shrub
(<i>Viburnum dentatum</i>) growing in damp woods and thickets; -- so called
from the long, straight, slender shoots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"row*worm`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
peculiar transparent worm of the genus <i>Sagitta</i>, living at the
surface of the sea. See <u>Sagitta</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"row*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of arrows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How quick they wheeled, and flying, behind them shot<BR>
Sharp sleet of <i>arrowy</i> showers.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formed or moving like, or in any respect
resembling, an arrow; swift; darting; piercing.</def> "His <i>arrowy</i>
tongue."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By the blue rushing of the <i>arrowy</i> Rhone.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>arrowy</i> vitalities, vivacities, and
ingenuities.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*roy"o</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Arroyos</b></plw> (&?;). [Sp., fr. LL. <i>arrogium</i>; cf. Gr. &?;
river, stream, fr. &?; to flow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A water course; a
rivulet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dry bed of a small stream.</def> [Western U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ar"schin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Arshine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ears</i>; <i>&aelig;rs</i>;
akin to OHG. <i>ars</i>. G. <i>arsch</i>, D. <i>aars</i>, Sw. <i>ars</i>,
Dan. <i>arts</i>, Gr. &?; (cf. &?; tail).] <def>The buttocks, or hind part
of an animal; the posteriors; the fundament; the bottom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"se*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. &amp; F. <i>arsenal</i>
arsenal, dockyard, or It. <i>arzanale</i>, <i>arsenale</i> (cf. It. &
<i>darsena</i> dock); all fr. Ar. <i>d&amacr;r&?;in&amacr;'a</i> house of
industry or fabrication; <i>d&amacr;r</i> house + <i>&?;in&amacr;</i> art,
industry.] <def>A public establishment for the storage, or for the
manufacture and storage, of arms and all military equipments, whether for
land or naval service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"se*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of arsenic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*se"ni*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Arsenate</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"se*nic</hw> (&auml;r"s&esl;*n&ibreve;k; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arsenicum</i>, Gr. <grk>'arseniko`n</grk>,
<grk>'arreniko`n</grk>, yellow orpiment, perh. fr. <grk>'arseniko`s</grk>
or better Attic <grk>'arreniko`s</grk> masculine, <grk>'a`rrhn</grk> male,
on account of its strength, or fr. Per. <i>zern&imacr;kh</i>: cf. F.
<i>arsenic</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the
elements, a solid substance resembling a metal in its physical properties,
but in its chemical relations ranking with the nonmetals. It is of a steel-
gray color and brilliant luster, though usually dull from tarnish. It is
very brittle, and sublimes at 356&deg; Fahrenheit. It is sometimes found
native, but usually combined with silver, cobalt, nickel, iron, antimony,
or sulphur. Orpiment and realgar are two of its sulphur compounds, the
first of which is the true <i>arsenicum</i> of the ancients. The element
and its compounds are active poisons. Specific gravity from 5.7 to 5.9.
Atomic weight 75. Symbol As.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Arsenious oxide or arsenious
anhydride; -- called also <i>arsenious acid</i>, <i>white arsenic</i>, and
<i>ratsbane</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*sen"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, or derived from, arsenic; -- said of those compounds of arsenic in
which this element has its highest equivalence; as, <i>arsenic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*sen"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to, or
containing, arsenic; as, <i>arsenical</i> vapor; <i>arsenical</i> wall
papers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arsenical silver</b></col>, <cd>an ore of silver containing
arsenic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar*sen"i*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Arsenicated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Arsenicating</u>.] <def>To combine with arsenic; to treat or impregnate
with arsenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*sen"i*cism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
diseased condition produced by slow poisoning with arsenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"sen*ide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
compound of arsenic with a metal, or positive element or radical; --
formerly called <i>arseniuret</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`sen*if"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Arsenic</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Containing or producing arsenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*se"ni*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ars&eacute;nieux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, consisting
of, or containing, arsenic; as, <i>arsenious</i> powder or glass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from,
arsenic, when having an equivalence next lower than the highest; as,
<i>arsenious</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"sen*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ars&eacute;nite</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt formed by the union of
arsenious acid with a base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`se*ni"u*ret</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Arsenide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`se*ni"u*ret`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined with arsenic; -- said some elementary substances or radicals;
as, <i>arseniureted</i> hydrogen.</def> [Also spelt
<i>arseniuretted</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar`sen*o*pyr"ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Arsenic</i> +
<i>pyrite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a tin-white color and
metallic luster, containing arsenic, sulphur, and iron; -- also called
<i>arsenical pyrites</i> and <i>mispickel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arse"smart</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Smartweed; water
pepper.</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar"shine</hw> (&auml;r"sh&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>arshin</i>, of Turkish-Tartar origin; Turk. <i>arshin</i>,
<i>arsh&umacr;n</i>, ell, yard.] <def>A Russian measure of length = 2 ft.
4.246 inches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"sine</hw> (&auml;r"s&ibreve;n <i>or</i> -s&emacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Arsenic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound
of arsenic and hydrogen, AsH<sub>3</sub>, a colorless and exceedingly
poisonous gas, having an odor like garlic; arseniureted hydrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar"sis</hw> (&auml;r"s&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arsis</i>, Gr. <grk>'a`rsis</grk> a raising or lifting, an elevation of
the voice, fr. <grk>a'i`rein</grk> to raise or lift up.  Its ordinary use
is the result of am early misapprehension; originally and properly it
denotes the <i>lifting</i> of the hand in beating time, and hence the
unaccented part of the rhythm.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of a foot where the <i>ictus</i> is put,
or which is distinguished from the rest (known as the <i>thesis</i>) of the
foot by a greater stress of voice.</def> <i>Hermann.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That elevation of voice now called <i>metrical
accentuation</i>, or the rhythmic accent.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is uncertain whether the <i>arsis</i> originally consisted in
a higher musical tone, greater volume, or longer duration of sound, or in
all combined.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The elevation of the hand, or that
part of the bar at which it is raised, in beating time; the weak or
unaccented part of the bar; -- opposed to <i>thesis</i>.</def>
<i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ars`met"rike</hw> (&auml;rz`m&ebreve;t"r&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [An erroneous form of <i>arithmetic</i>, as if from L.
<i>ars metrica</i> the measuring art.] <def>Arithmetic.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"son</hw> (&auml;r"s'n; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>arson</i>, <i>arsun</i>, fr. L. <i>ardere</i>, <i>arsum</i>, to burn.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The malicious burning of a dwelling house or outhouse of
another man, which by the common law is felony; the malicious and voluntary
firing of a building or ship.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The definition of this crime is varied by statues in different
countries and states. The English law of arson has been considerably
modified in the United States; in some of the States it has been materially
enlarged, while in others, various degrees of arson have been established,
with corresponding punishment.  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Art</hw> (&auml;rt). <def>The second person singular, indicative
mode, present tense, of the substantive verb <u>Be</u>; but formed after
the analogy of the plural <i>are</i>, with the ending -<i>t</i>, as in thou
shal<i>t</i>, wil<i>t</i>, orig. an ending of the second person sing. pret.
Cf. <u>Be</u>. Now used only in solemn or poetical style.</def></p>

<p><! p. 85  !></p>

<p><hw>Art</hw> (&auml;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>art</i>, L.
<i>ars</i>, <i>artis</i>, orig., skill in joining or fitting; prob. akin to
E. <i>arm</i>, <i>aristocrat</i>, <i>article</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The employment of means to accomplish some desired end; the adaptation
of things in the natural world to the uses of life; the application of
knowledge or power to practical purposes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blest with each grace of nature and of <i>art</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A system of rules serving to facilitate the
performance of certain actions; a system of principles and rules for
attaining a desired end; method of doing well some special work; -- often
contradistinguished from <i>science</i> or speculative principles; as, the
<i>art</i> of building or engraving; the <i>art</i> of war; the <i>art</i>
of navigation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Science is systematized knowledge . . . <i>Art</i> is
knowledge made efficient by skill.<BR>
<i>J. F. Genung.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The systematic application of knowledge or skill
in effecting a desired result. Also, an occupation or business requiring
such knowledge or skill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fishermen can't employ their <i>art</i> with so much
success in so troubled a sea.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The application of skill to the production of
the beautiful by imitation or design, or an occupation in which skill is so
employed, as in painting and sculpture; one of the fine arts; as, he
prefers <i>art</i> to literature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Those branches of learning which are
taught in the academical course of colleges; as, master of
<i>arts</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In fearless youth we tempt the heights of <i>arts</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Four years spent in the <i>arts</i> (as they are called in
colleges) is, perhaps, laying too laborious a foundation.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Learning; study; applied knowledge, science, or
letters.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>So vast is <i>art</i>, so narrow human wit.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Skill, dexterity, or the power of performing
certain actions, acquired by experience, study, or observation; knack; as,
a man has the <i>art</i> of managing his business to advantage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Skillful plan; device.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They employed every <i>art</i> to soothe . . . the
discontented warriors.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Cunning; artifice; craft.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Madam, I swear I use no <i>art</i> at all.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Animals practice <i>art</i> when opposed to their superiors
in strength.<BR>
<i>Crabb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The black art; magic.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Art and part</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>, <cd>share or concern
by aiding and abetting a criminal in the perpetration of a crime, whether
by advice or by assistance in the execution; complicity.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>arts</i> are divided into various classes. <col><b>The
useful, mechanical, or industrial arts</b></col> are those in which the
hands and body are more concerned than the mind; as in making clothes and
utensils. These are called <i>trades</i>.  <col><b>The fine arts</b></col>
are those which have primarily to do with imagination and taste, and are
applied to the production of what is beautiful. They include poetry, music,
painting, engraving, sculpture, and architecture; but the term is often
confined to painting, sculpture, and architecture. <col><b>The liberal
arts</b></col> (<i>artes liberales</i>, the higher arts, which, among the
Romans, only freemen were permitted to pursue) were, in the Middle Ages,
these seven branches of learning, -- grammar, logic, rhetoric, arithmetic,
geometry, music, and astronomy. In modern times the <i>liberal arts</i>
include the sciences, philosophy, history, etc., which compose the course
of academical or collegiate education. Hence, degrees in the <i>arts</i>;
master and bachelor of <i>arts</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>In America, literature and the elegant <i>arts</i> must grow
up side by side with the coarser plants of daily necessity.<BR>
<i>Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Science; literature; aptitude; readiness; skill;
dexterity; adroitness; contrivance; profession; business; trade; calling;
cunning; artifice; duplicity. See <u>Science</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Ar*te"mi*a</hw> (&auml;r*t&ebreve;"m&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'A`rtemis</grk>, a Greek goddess.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of phyllopod Crustacea found in salt lakes
and brines; the brine shrimp. See <u>Brine shrimp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`te*mi"si*a</hw> (&auml;rt&esl;"m&ibreve;zh"&ibreve;*&adot;
<i>or</i> &auml;rt&esl;"m&ibreve;sh"&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>Artemisia</i>, Gr. <grk>'Artemisi`a</grk>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of plants including the plants called mugwort, southernwood, and
wormwood. Of these <i>A. absinthium</i>, or common wormwood, is well known,
and <i>A. tridentata</i> is the sage brush of the Rocky Mountain
region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*te"ri*ac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arteriacus</i>,
Gr. &?;. See <u>Artery</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
windpipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*te"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>art&eacute;riel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an
artery, or the arteries; as, <i>arterial</i> action; the <i>arterial</i>
system.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a main channel (resembling
an artery), as a river, canal, or railroad.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arterial blood</b></col>, <cd>blood which has been changed and
vitalized (arterialized) during passage through the lungs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar*te`ri*al*i*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The process of converting venous blood into arterial
blood during its passage through the lungs, oxygen being absorbed and
carbonic acid evolved; -- called also <i>a&euml;ration</i> and
<i>hematosis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*te"ri*al*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Arterialized</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Arterializing</u>.] <def>To transform, as the venous blood, into
arterial blood by exposure to oxygen in the lungs; to make
arterial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*te`ri*og"ra*phy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-
graphy</i>.] <def>A systematic description of the arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*te"ri*ole</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>arteriola</i>,
dim. of L. <i>arteria</i>: cf. F. <i>art&eacute;riole</i>.] <def>A small
artery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*te`ri*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy which treats of arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*te`ri*ot"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arteriotomia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; + &?; a cutting.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The opening of an artery, esp. for
bloodletting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of anatomy which treats of the
dissection of the arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`te*ri"tis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Artery</i> +
<i>-etis</i>.] <def>Inflammation of an artery or arteries.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ter*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Arteries</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>arteria</i> windpipe, artery, Gr.
&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The trachea or windpipe.</def> [Obs.] "Under
the <i>artery</i>, or windpipe, is the mouth of the stomach."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the vessels or tubes which
carry either venous or arterial blood from the heart. They have tricker and
more muscular walls than veins, and are connected with them by
capillaries.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In man and other mammals, the arteries which contain arterialized
blood receive it from the left ventricle of the heart through the aorta.
See <u>Aorta</u>. The <i>pulmonary artery</i> conveys the venous blood from
the right ventricle to the lungs, whence the arterialized blood is returned
through the pulmonary veins.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Any continuous or ramified channel of
communication; as, <i>arteries</i> of trade or commerce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*te"sian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>art&eacute;sien</i>, fr. <i>Artois</i> in France, where many such wells
have been made since the middle of the last century.] <def>Of or pertaining
to Artois (anciently called <i>Artesium</i>), in France.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Artesian wells</b></col>, <cd>wells made by boring into the
earth till the instrument reaches water, which, from internal pressure,
flows spontaneously like a fountain. They are usually of small diameter and
often of great depth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Art"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Art</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Performed with, or characterized by, art or
skill.</def> [Archaic] "<i>Artful</i> strains." "<i>Artful</i> terms."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Artificial; imitative.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Using or exhibiting much art, skill, or
contrivance; dexterous; skillful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [was] too <i>artful</i> a writer to set down events in
exact historical order.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Cunning; disposed to cunning indirectness of
dealing; crafty; as, an <i>artful</i> boy. [The usual sense.]</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Artful</i> in speech, in action, and in mind.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>artful</i> revenge of various animals.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cunning; skillful; adroit; dexterous; crafty; tricky;
deceitful; designing. See <u>Cunning</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Art"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an artful manner;
with art or cunning; skillfully; dexterously; craftily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Art"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
artful; art; cunning; craft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"then</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as</def>
<u>Earthen</u>. [Obs.] "An <i>arthen</i> pot."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar*thrit"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar*thrit"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arthriticus</i>, Gr. <grk>'arqritiko`s</grk>.
See <u>Arthritis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the
joints.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to arthritis; gouty.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*thri"tis</hw> (&auml;r*thr&imacr;"t&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. <grk>'arqri^tis</grk> (as if fem. of
<grk>'arqri`tis</grk> belonging to the joints, sc. <grk>no`sos</grk>
disease) gout, fr. <grk>'a`rqron</grk> a joint.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any
inflammation of the joints, particularly the gout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"thro*derm</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`rqron</grk> joint + <i>'derm</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
external covering of an Arthropod.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*thro"di*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; well articulated; <grk>'a`rqron</grk> a joint + &?; shape.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A form of diarthrodial articulation in which the
articular surfaces are nearly flat, so that they form only an imperfect
ball and socket.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar*thro"di*al</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar*throd"ic</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to arthrodia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`thro*dyn"i*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a`rqron</grk> joint + <grk>'ody`nh</grk> pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
affection characterized by pain in or about a joint, not dependent upon
structural disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`thro*dyn"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
arthrodynia, or pain in the joints; rheumatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`thro*gas"tra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a`rqron</grk> joint + &?; stomach.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of the Arachnida, having the abdomen annulated, including the
scorpions, harvestmen, etc.; pedipalpi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*throg"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`rqron</grk> joint + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The description of
joints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*throl"o*gy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a`rqron</grk>
joint + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy which treats of
joints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"thro*mere</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`rqron</grk> joint + <i>-mere</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the body segments of Arthropods. See <u>Arthrostraca</u>.</def>
<i>Packard.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`thro*pleu"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a`rqron</grk> joint + &?; the side.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
side or limb-bearing portion of an arthromere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"thro*pod</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Arthropoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*throp"o*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a`rqron</grk> joint + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large
division of Articulata, embracing all those that have jointed legs. It
includes Insects, Arachnida, Pychnogonida, and Crustacea.</def>  --
<wf>Ar*throp"o*dal</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`thro*pom"a*ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>'a`rqron</grk> joint + &?; lid.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the orders of Branchiopoda. See <u>Branchiopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*thro"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. <grk>'a`rqron</grk> joint.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Articulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*thros"tra*ca</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a`rqron</grk> joint + &?; a shell.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the larger divisions of Crustacea, so called because the thorax and abdomen
are both segmented; Tetradecapoda. It includes the Amphipoda and
Isopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`thro*zo"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`rqron</grk> joint + &?; animal, fr. &?; an animal.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Articulata;
articulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ti*ad</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; even, fr. &?;
exactly.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Even; not odd; -- said of elementary
substances and of radicals the valence of which is divisible by two without
a remainder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ti*choke</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>articiocco</i>,
perh. corrupted fr. the same word as <i>carciofo</i>; cf. older spellings
<i>archiciocco</i>, <i>archicioffo</i>, <i>carciocco</i>, and Sp.
<i>alcachofa</i>, Pg. <i>alcachofra</i>; prob. fr. Ar. <i>al-harshaf</i>,
<i>al-kharsh&umacr;f</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
<i>Cynara scolymus</i>, a plant somewhat resembling a thistle, with a
dilated, imbricated, and prickly involucre. The head (to which the name is
also applied) is composed of numerous oval scales, inclosing the florets,
sitting on a broad receptacle, which, with the fleshy base of the scales,
is much esteemed as an article of food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Jerusalem artichoke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ti*cle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>articulus</i>, dim. of <i>artus</i> joint, akin to Gr. &?;, fr. a root
<i>ar</i> to join, fit. See <u>Art</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A distinct portion of an instrument, discourse,
literary work, or any other writing, consisting of two or more particulars,
or treating of various topics; as, an <i>article</i> in the Constitution.
Hence: A clause in a contract, system of regulations, treaty, or the like;
a term, condition, or stipulation in a contract; a concise statement; as,
<i>articles</i> of agreement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A literary composition, forming an independent
portion of a magazine, newspaper, or cyclopedia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Subject; matter; concern; distinct.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A very great revolution that happened in this <i>article</i>
of good breeding.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This last <i>article</i> will hardly be believed.<BR>
<i>De Foe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A distinct part.</def>   "Upon each
<i>article</i> of human duty." <i>Paley.</i> "Each <i>article</i> of time."
<i>Habington.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>articles</i> which compose the blood.<BR>
<i>E. Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A particular one of various things; as, an
<i>article</i> of merchandise; salt is a necessary
<i>article</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They would fight not for articles of faith, but for
<i>articles</i> of food.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Precise point of time; moment.</def> [Obs. or
Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>This fatal news coming to Hick's Hall upon the
<i>article</i> of my Lord Russell's trial, was said to have had no little
influence on the jury and all the bench to his prejudice.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>One of the three words, <i>a</i>,
<i>an</i>, <i>the</i>, used before nouns to limit or define their
application. <i>A</i> (or <i>an</i>) is called the indefinite article,
<i>the</i> the definite article.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the segments of an
articulated appendage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Articles of Confederation</b></col>, <cd>the compact which was
first made by the original thirteen States of the United States. They were
adopted March 1, 1781, and remained the supreme law until March, 1789.</cd>
-- <col><b>Articles of impeachment</b></col>, <cd>an instrument which, in
cases of impeachment, performs the same office which an indictment does in
a common criminal case.</cd> -- <col><b>Articles of war</b></col>,
<cd>rules and regulations, fixed by law, for the better government of the
army.</cd> -- <col><b>In the article of death</b></col> [L. <i>in articulo
mortis</i>], <cd>at the moment of death; in the dying struggle.</cd> --
<col><b>Lords of the articles</b></col> <i>(Scot. Hist.)</i>, <cd>a
standing committee of the Scottish Parliament to whom was intrusted the
drafting and preparation of the acts, or bills for laws.</cd> --
<col><b>The Thirty-nine Articles</b></col>, <cd>statements (thirty-nine in
number) of the tenets held by the Church of England.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ti*cle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Articled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Articling</u> (&?;).] [Cf. F. <i>articuler</i>, fr. L.
<i>articulare</i>. See <u>Article</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Articulate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To formulate in articles; to
set forth in distinct particulars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If all his errors and follies were <i>articled</i> against
him, the man would seem vicious and miserable.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To accuse or charge by an exhibition of
articles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall be <i>articled</i> against in the high court of
admiralty.<BR>
<i>Stat. 33 Geo. III.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bind by articles of covenant or stipulation;
as, to <i>article</i> an apprentice to a mechanic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ti*cle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To agree by articles;
to stipulate; to bargain; to covenant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then he <i>articled</i> with her that he should go away when
he pleased.<BR>
<i>Selden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ti*cled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bound by articles;
apprenticed; as, an <i>articled</i> clerk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*tic"u*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>articularis</i>: cf. F. <i>articulaire</i>. See <u>Article</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Of or pertaining to the joints; as, an
<i>articular</i> disease; an <i>articular</i> process.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar*tic"u*lar</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar*tic"u*la*ry</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A bone in the base of the lower
jaw of many birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.</def></p>

<p><! p. 86  !></p>

<p><hw>Ar*tic"u*lar*ly</hw>
(&auml;r*t&ibreve;k"&usl;*l&etilde;r*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In an articular or an articulate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*tic`u*la"ta</hw> (&auml;r*t&ibreve;k`&usl;*l&amacr;"t&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Neut. pl. from L. <i>articulatus</i> furnished
with joints, distinct, p. p. of <i>articulare</i>.  See <u>Article</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of
the four subkingdoms in the classification of Cuvier. It has been much
modified by later writers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It includes those Invertebrata having the body composed of a
series of ringlike segments (arthromeres). By some writers, the unsegmented
worms (helminths) have also been included; by others it is restricted to
the Arthropoda. It corresponds nearly with the Annulosa of some authors.
The chief subdivisions are Arthropoda (Insects, Myriapoda, Malacopoda,
Arachnida, Pycnogonida, Crustacea); and Anarthropoda, including the
Annelida and allied forms.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the subdivisions of the Brachiopoda,
including those that have the shells united by a hinge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A subdivision of the Crinoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*tic"u*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>articulatus</i>. See <u>Articulata</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Expressed in articles or in separate items or particulars.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Jointed; formed with joints; consisting of
segments united by joints; as, <i>articulate</i> animals or
plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Distinctly uttered; spoken so as to be
intelligible; characterized by division into words and syllables; as,
<i>articulate</i> speech, sounds, words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Total changes of party and <i>articulate</i> opinion.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*tic"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
animal of the subkingdom Articulata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*tic"u*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Articulated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Articulating</u> (&?;)]. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter articulate
sounds; to utter the elementary sounds of a language; to enunciate; to
speak distinctly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat or make terms.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To join or be connected by
articulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*tic"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To joint; to unite by means of a joint; to put together with joints or
at the joints.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw up or write in separate articles; to
particularize; to specify.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form, as the elementary sounds; to utter in
distinct syllables or words; to enunciate; as, to <i>articulate</i> letters
or language.</def> "To <i>articulate</i> a word."  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To express distinctly; to give utterance
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Luther <i>articulated</i> himself upon a process that hand
already begun in the Christian church.<BR>
<i>Bibliotheca Sacra.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To . . . <i>articulate</i> the dumb, deep want of the
people.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*tic"u*la`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>United by, or provided with, articulations; jointed; as, an
<i>articulated</i> skeleton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Produced, as a letter, syllable, or word, by the
organs of speech; pronounced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*tic"u*late*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>After the manner, or in the form, of a
joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Article by article; in distinct particulars; in
detail; definitely.</def>  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I had <i>articulately</i> set down in writing our
points.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>With distinct utterance of the separate
sounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*tic"u*late*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
articulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*tic`u*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>articulation</i>, fr. L. <i>articulatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A joint or juncture between bones in the
skeleton.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Articulations may be immovable, when the bones are directly
united (synarthrosis), or slightly movable, when they are united
intervening substance (amphiarthrosis), or they may be more or less freely
movable, when the articular surfaces are covered with synovial membranes,
as in complete joints (diarthrosis). The last (diarthrosis) includes hinge
joints, admitting motion in one plane only (ginglymus), ball and socket
joints (enarthrosis), pivot and rotation joints, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The connection
of the parts of a plant by joints, as in pods.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the nodes or joints, as in cane and maize.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the parts intercepted between the joints;
also, a subdivision into parts at regular or irregular intervals as a
result of serial intermission in growth, as in the cane, grasses,
etc.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of putting together with a joint or
joints; any meeting of parts in a joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being jointed; connection of
parts.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That definiteness and <i>articulation</i> of imagery.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The utterance of the elementary sounds of a
language by the appropriate movements of the organs, as in pronunciation;
as, a distinct <i>articulation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A sound made by the vocal organs; an articulate
utterance or an elementary sound, esp. a consonant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*tic"u*la*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to articulation.</def>  <i>Bush.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar*tic"u*la`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, articulates; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> One who enunciates
distinctly. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> One who prepares and mounts skeletons.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> An instrument to cure stammering.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*tic"u*lus</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Articuli</b></plw> (&?;). [L. See <u>Article</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A joint of the cirri of the Crinoidea; a joint or
segment of an arthropod appendage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ti*fice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>artificium</i>,
fr. <i>artifex</i> artificer; <i>ars</i>, <i>artis</i>, art + <i>facere</i>
to make: cf. F. <i>artifice</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A handicraft; a
trade; art of making.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Workmanship; a skillfully contrived
work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The material universe.. in the <i>artifice</i> of God, the
<i>artifice</i> of the best Mechanist.<BR>
<i>Cudworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Artful or skillful contrivance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His [Congreve's] plots were constructed without much
<i>artifice</i>.<BR>
<i>Craik.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Crafty device; an artful, ingenious, or
elaborate trick. [Now the usual meaning.]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who were conscious of guilt employed numerous
<i>artifices</i> for the purpose of averting inquiry.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*tif"i*cer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>artificier</i>, fr. LL. <i>artificiarius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An artistic worker; a mechanic or manufacturer; one whose occupation
requires skill or knowledge of a particular kind, as a
silversmith.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who makes or contrives; a deviser, inventor,
or framer.</def> "<i>Artificer</i> of fraud."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>Artificer</i> of all that moves.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cunning or artful fellow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A military mechanic, as a
blacksmith, carpenter, etc.; also, one who prepares the shells, fuses,
grenades, etc., in a military laboratory.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Artisan; artist. See <u>Artisan</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ar`ti*fi"cial</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>artificialis</i>, fr. <i>artificium</i>: cf. F. <i>artificiel</i>. See
<u>Artifice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made or contrived by art;
produced or modified by human skill and labor, in opposition to
<i>natural</i>; as, <i>artificial</i> heat or light, gems, salts, minerals,
fountains, flowers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Artificial</i> strife<BR>
Lives in these touches, livelier than life.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Feigned; fictitious; assumed; affected; not
genuine.</def> "<i>Artificial</i> tears."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Artful; cunning; crafty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Cultivated; not indigenous; not of spontaneous
growth; as, <i>artificial</i> grasses.</def>  <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Artificial arguments</b></col> <i>(Rhet.)</i>, <cd>arguments
invented by the speaker, in distinction from laws, authorities, and the
like, which are called <i>inartificial</i> arguments or proofs.</cd>
<i>Johnson.</i> -- <col><b>Artificial classification</b></col>
<i>(Science)</i>, <cd>an arrangement based on superficial characters, and
not expressing the true natural relations species; as, "the
<i>artificial</i> system" in botany, which is the same as the Linn&aelig;an
system.</cd> -- <col><b>Artificial horizon</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Horizon</u></cd>. <col><b>Artificial light</b></col>, <cd>any light
other than that which proceeds from the heavenly bodies.</cd> --
<col><b>Artificial lines</b></col>, <cd>lines on a sector or scale, so
contrived as to represent the logarithmic sines and tangents, which, by the
help of the line of numbers, solve, with tolerable exactness, questions in
trigonometry, navigation, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Artificial
numbers</b></col>, <cd>logarithms.</cd> -- <col><b>Artificial
person</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>. <cd>See under <u>Person</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Artificial sines</b></col>, <col><b>tangents</b></col>, etc.,
<cd>the same as logarithms of the natural sines, tangents, etc.</cd>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ti*fi`ci*al"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or appearance of being artificial; that which is
artificial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ti*fi"cial*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
artificial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ti*fi"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In an artificial manner; by art, or skill and contrivance, not by
nature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ingeniously; skillfully.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The spider's web, finely and <i>artificially</i>
wrought.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Craftily; artfully.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sharp dissembled so <i>artificially</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ti*fi"cial*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being artificial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ti*fi"cious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>artificiosus</i>.] <def>Artificial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Art"i*lize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
resemble.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If I was a philosopher, says Montaigne, I would naturalize
art instead of <i>artilizing</i> nature.<BR>
<i>Bolingbroke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ar*til"ler*ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
skilled in artillery or gunnery; a gunner; an artilleryman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*til"ler*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>artilrie</i>,
OF. <i>artillerie</i>, <i>arteillerie</i>, fr. LL. <i>artillaria</i>,
<i>artilleria</i>, machines and apparatus of all kinds used in war, vans
laden with arms of any kind which follow camps; F. <i>artillerie</i> great
guns, ordnance; OF. <i>artillier</i> to work artifice, to fortify, to arm,
prob. from L. <i>ars</i>, <i>artis</i>, skill in joining something, art.
See <u>Art</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Munitions of war; implements for
warfare, as slings, bows, and arrows.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And Jonathan gave his <i>artillery</i> unto his lad.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. xx. 40.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cannon; great guns; ordnance, including guns,
mortars, howitzers, etc., with their equipment of carriages, balls, bombs,
and shot of all kinds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word is sometimes used in a more extended sense, including
the powder, cartridges, matches, utensils, machines of all kinds, and
horses, that belong to a train of artillery.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The men and officers of that branch of the army
to which the care and management of artillery are confided.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The science of artillery or gunnery.</def>
<i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Artillery park</b></col>, or <col><b>Park of
artillery</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A collective body of siege or
field artillery, including the guns, and the carriages, ammunition,
appurtenances, equipments, and persons necessary for working them.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The place where the artillery is encamped or
collected.</cd> -- <col><b>Artillery train</b></col>, or <col><b>Train of
artillery</b></col>, <cd>a number of pieces of ordnance mounted on
carriages, with all their furniture, ready for marching.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ar*til"ler*y*man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man who
manages, or assists in managing, a large gun in firing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`ti*o*dac"ty*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; even + &?; finger or toe.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
divisions of the ungulate animals. The functional toes of the hind foot are
even in number, and the third digit of each foot (corresponding to the
middle finger in man) is asymmetrical and paired with the fourth digit, as
in the hog, the sheep, and the ox; -- opposed to
<i>Perissodactyla</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ti*o*dac"tyle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Artiodactyla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`ti*o*dac"ty*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Even-toed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ti*san</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>artisan</i>,
fr. L. <i>artitus</i> skilled in arts, fr. <i>ars</i>, <i>artis</i>, art:
cf. It. <i>artigiano</i>. See <u>Art</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who professes and practices some liberal art;
an artist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One trained to manual dexterity in some mechanic
art or trade; and handicraftsman; a mechanic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is willingly submitted to by the <i>artisan</i>, who
can . . . compensate his additional toil and fatigue.<BR>
<i>Hume.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Artificer; artist.  -- <u>Artisan</u>, <u>Artist</u>,
<u>Artificer</u>. An <i>artist</i> is one who is skilled in some one of the
fine arts; an <i>artisan</i> is one who exercises any mechanical
employment. A portrait painter is an <i>artist</i>; a sign painter is an
<i>artisan</i>, although he may have the taste and skill of an artist. The
occupation of the former requires a fine taste and delicate manipulation;
that of the latter demands only an ordinary degree of contrivance and
imitative power. An <i>artificer</i> is one who requires power of
contrivance and adaptation in the exercise of his profession. The word
suggest neither the idea of mechanical conformity to rule which attaches to
the term <i>artisan</i>, nor the ideas of refinement and of peculiar skill
which belong to the term <i>artist</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Art"ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>artiste</i>, LL.
<i>artista</i>, fr. L. <i>ars</i>. See <u>Art</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>Artiste</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who practices some
mechanic art or craft; an artisan.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How to build ships, and dreadful ordnance cast,<BR>
Instruct the <i>articles</i> and reward their.<BR>
<i>Waller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who professes and practices an art in which
science and taste preside over the manual execution.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is particularly applied to painters, sculptors,
musicians, engravers, and architects.  <i>Elmes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who shows trained skill or rare taste in any
manual art or occupation.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An artful person; a schemer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Artisan. See <u>Artisan</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Ar*tiste"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Artist</u>.]
<def>One peculiarly dexterous and tasteful in almost any employment, as an
opera dancer, a hairdresser, a cook.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term should not be confounded with the English word
<i>artist</i>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar*tis"tic</hw>, <hw>Ar*tis"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>artistique</i>, fr. <i>artiste</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to art or to artists; made in the manner of an
artist; conformable to art; characterized by art; showing taste or
skill.</def>  -- <wf>Ar*tis"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Art"ist*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Works of art collectively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Artistic effect or quality.</def>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Artistic pursuits; artistic ability.</def>
<i>The Academy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Art"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wanting art, knowledge, or skill; ignorant; unskillful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Artless</i> of stars and of the moving sand.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contrived without skill or art;
inartistic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Artless</i> and massy pillars.<BR>
<i>T. Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Free from guile, art, craft, or stratagem;
characterized by simplicity and sincerity; sincere; guileless; ingenuous;
honest; as, an <i>artless</i> mind; an <i>artless</i> tale.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were plain, <i>artless</i> men, without the least
appearance of enthusiasm or credulity about them.<BR>
<i>Porteus.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>O, how unlike the complex works of man,<BR>
Heaven's easy, <i>artless</i>, unencumbered plan!<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Simple; unaffected; sincere; undesigning; guileless;
unsophisticated; open; frank; candid.</p>

<p><hw>Art"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an artless manner;
without art, skill, or guile; unaffectedly.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Art"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
artless, or void of art or guile; simplicity; sincerity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Art"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With art or skill.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar`to*car"pe*ous</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ar`to*car"pous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bread + &?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the breadfruit, or to the genus <i>Artocarpus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"to*type</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Art</i> +
<i>type</i>.] <def>A kind of autotype.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`to*ty"rite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>Artotyritae</i>, pl., fr. Gr. &?; bread + &?; cheese.] <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect in the primitive church, who celebrated the
Lord's Supper with bread and cheese, alleging that the first oblations of
men not only of the fruit of the earth, but of their flocks. [<i>Gen. iv.
3, 4.</i>]</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"tow</hw> (&?;). <def>A contraction of <i>art thou</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Arts"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man skilled in an
art or in arts.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Art` un"ion</hw> (&?;). <def>An association for promoting art (esp.
the arts of design), and giving encouragement to artists.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"rum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arum</i>, <i>aros</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <def>A genus of plants found in central Europe and about the
Mediterranean, having flowers on a spadix inclosed in a spathe. The
cuckoopint of the English is an example.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our common <i>arums</i> -- the lords and ladies of village
children.<BR>
<i>Lubbock.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The American "Jack in the pulpit" is now separated from the genus
Arum.</p>

<p><hw>Ar`un*del"ian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to an
Earl of Arundel; as, Arundel or <i>Arundelian</i> marbles, marbles from
ancient Greece, bought by the Earl of Arundel in 1624.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`un*dif"er*ous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>arundifer</i>;
<i>arundo</i> reed + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Producing reeds or
canes.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*run`di*na"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arundinaceus</i>, fr. <i>arundo</i> reed.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
reed; resembling the reed or cane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`un*din"e*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>arundineus</i>, fr. <i>arundo</i> reed.] <def>Abounding with reeds;
reedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*rus"pex</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aruspices</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>aruspex</i> or <i>haruspex</i>.]
<def>One of the class of diviners among the Etruscans and Romans, who
foretold events by the inspection of the entrails of victims offered on the
altars of the gods.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rus"pice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aruspex</i>: cf.
F. <i>aruspice</i>. Cf. <u>Aruspex</u>, <u>Haruspice</u>.] <def>A
soothsayer of ancient Rome. Same as <u>Aruspex</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>haruspice</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>A*rus"pi*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aruspicium</i>,
<i>haruspicium</i>.] <def>Prognostication by inspection of the entrails of
victims slain sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"val</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>arwyl</i> funeral;
<i>ar</i> over + <i>wylo</i> to weep, or cf. <i>arf&ouml;l</i>; Icel.
<i>arfr</i> inheritance + Sw. <i>&ouml;l</i> ale. Cf. <u>Bridal</u>.]
<def>A funeral feast.</def> [North of Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"vi*cole</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>arvum</i> field +
<i>colere</i> to inhabit.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mouse of the genus
<i>Arvicola</i>; the meadow mouse. There are many species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"yan</hw> (&auml;r"y<i>a</i>n <i>or</i>
&abreve;r"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>&amacr;rya</i>
excellent, honorable; akin to the name of the country <i>Iran</i>, and
perh. to <i>Erin</i>, <i>Ireland</i>, and the early name of this people, at
least in Asia.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of a primitive people supposed
to have lived in prehistoric times, in Central Asia, east of the Caspian
Sea, and north of the Hindoo Koosh and Paropamisan Mountains, and to have
been the stock from which sprang the Hindoo, Persian, Greek, Latin, Celtic,
Teutonic, Slavonic, and other races; one of that ethnological division of
mankind called also Indo-European or Indo-Germanic.</def></p>

<p><! p. 87  !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of the original Aryans.</def>
[Written also <i>Arian</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ar"yan</hw> (&auml;r"y<i>a</i>n <i>or</i>
&abreve;r"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the people called Aryans; Indo-European; Indo-Germanic; as, the
<i>Aryan</i> stock, the <i>Aryan</i> languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"yan*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make Aryan (a
language, or in language).</def>  <i>K. Johnston.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ryt"e*noid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; shaped like a
ladle; &?; a ladle + &?; form.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Ladle-shaped; --
applied to two small cartilages of the larynx, and also to the glands,
muscles, etc., connected with them. The cartilages are attached to the
cricoid cartilage and connected with the vocal cords.</def></p>

<p><hw>As</hw> (&abreve;z), <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>as</i>,
<i>als</i>, <i>alse</i>, <i>also</i>, <i>al swa</i>, AS. <i>eal
sw&amacr;</i>, lit. all so; hence, quite so, quite as: cf. G. <i>als</i>
as, than, <i>also</i> so, then. See <u>Also</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Denoting equality or likeness in kind, degree, or manner; like;
similar to; in the same manner with or in which; in accordance with; in
proportion to; to the extent or degree in which or to which; equally; no
less than; as, ye shall be <i>as</i> gods, knowing good and evil; you will
reap <i>as</i> you sow; do <i>as</i> you are bidden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His spiritual attendants adjured him, <i>as</i> he loved his
soul, to emancipate his brethren.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>As</i> is often preceded by one of the antecedent or
correlative words <i>such</i>, <i>same</i>, <i>so</i>, or <i>as</i>, in
expressing an equality or comparison; as, give us <i>such</i> things
<i>as</i> you please, and <i>so</i> long <i>as</i> you please, or <i>as</i>
long <i>as</i> you please; he is not <i>so</i> brave <i>as</i> Cato; she is
<i>as</i> amiable <i>as</i> she is handsome; come <i>as</i> quickly
<i>as</i> possible. "Bees appear fortunately to prefer the <i>same</i>
colors <i>as</i> we do." <i>Lubbock.</i> <i>As</i>, in a preceding part of
a sentence, has <i>such</i> or <i>so</i> to answer correlatively to it;
<i>as</i> with the people, <i>so</i> with the priest.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the idea, character, or condition of, --
limiting the view to certain attributes or relations; as, virtue considered
<i>as</i> virtue; this actor will appear <i>as</i> Hamlet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The beggar is greater <i>as</i> a man, than is the man
merely <i>as</i> a king.<BR>
<i>Dewey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>While; during or at the same time that; when;
as, he trembled <i>as</i> he spoke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>As</i> I return I will fetch off these justices.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Because; since; it being the case
that.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>As</i> the population of Scotland had been generally
trained to arms . . . they were not indifferently prepared.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>[See Synonym under <u>Because</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Expressing concession. (Often approaching
<i>though</i> in meaning).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We wish, however, to avail ourselves of the interest,
transient <i>as</i> it may be, which this work has excited.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That, introducing or expressing a result or
consequence, after the correlatives <i>so</i> and <i>such</i>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I can place thee in such abject state, <i>as</i> help shall
never find thee.<BR>
<i>Rowe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>So as</b></col>, <cd>so that.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The relations are <i>so</i> uncertain <i>as</i> they require
a great deal of examination.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i>
</blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>As if; as though.</def> [Obs. or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He lies, <i>as</i> he his bliss did know.<BR>
<i>Waller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>For instance; by way of example; thus; -- used
to introduce illustrative phrases, sentences, or citations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Than.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king was not more forward to bestow favors on them
<i>as</i> they free to deal affronts to others their superiors.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Expressing a wish.</def> [Obs.] "<i>As</i>
have," <i>i. e.</i>, may he have.  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>As . . as</b></col>. <cd>See <i>So . . as</i>, under
<u>So</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>As far as</b></col>, <cd>to the extent or
degree.</cd> "<i>As far as</i> can be ascertained." <i>Macaulay.</i> --
<col><b>As far forth as</b></col>, <cd>as far as.</cd>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>As for</b></col>, or <col><b>As to</b></col>,
<cd>in regard to; with respect to.</cd> -- <col><b>As good as</b></col>,
<cd>not less than; not falling short of.</cd> -- <col><b>As good as one's
word</b></col>, <cd>faithful to a promise.</cd> -- <col><b>As if</b></col>,
or <col><b>As though</b></col>, <cd>of the same kind, or in the same
condition or manner, that it would be if.</cd> -- <col><b>As it
were</b></col> (as if it were), <cd>a qualifying phrase used to apologize
for or to relieve some expression which might be regarded as inappropriate
or incongruous; in a manner.</cd> -- <col><b>As now</b></col>, <cd>just
now.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>As swythe</b></col>, <cd>as
quickly as possible.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>As
well</b></col>, <cd>also; too; besides.</cd> <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>As
well as</b></col>, <cd>equally with, no less than.</cd>  "I have
understanding <i>as well as</i> you." <i>Job xii. 3.</i> -- <col><b>As
yet</b></col>, <cd>until now; up to or at the present time; still;
now.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ace</u>.] <def>An
ace.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ambes-as</b></col>, <cd>double aces.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||As</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Asses</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>as</i>. See <u>Ace</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Roman weight, answering to the libra or pound,
equal to nearly eleven ounces Troy weight. It was divided into twelve
ounces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Roman copper coin, originally of a pound
weight (12 oz.); but reduced, after the first Punic war, to two ounces; in
the second Punic war, to one ounce; and afterwards to half an
ounce.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As"a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>asa</i>, of oriental
origin; cf. Per. <i>az&amacr;</i> mastic, Ar. <i>as&amacr;</i> healing,
<i>is&amacr;</i> remedy.] <def>An ancient name of a gum.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>As`a*fet"i*da</hw>, <hw>As`a*f&oelig;t"i*da</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Asa</i> + L. <i>foetidus</i> fetid.] <def>The
fetid gum resin or inspissated juice of a large umbelliferous plant
(<i>Ferula asaf&oelig;tida</i>) of Persia and the East Indies. It is used
in medicine as an antispasmodic.</def> [Written also
<i>assaf&oelig;tida</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||As"a*phus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
indistinct, uncertain.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of trilobites found
in the Lower Silurian formation. See <i>Illust.</i> in Append.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As`a*ra*bac"ca</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>asarum</i>
+ <i>bacca</i> a berry. See <u>Asarone</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An acrid
herbaceous plant (<i>Asarum Europ&aelig;um</i>), the leaves and roots of
which are emetic and cathartic. It is principally used in cephalic
snuffs.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"a*rone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>asarum</i>
hazelwort, wild spikenard, Gr. <grk>'a`saron</grk>] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
crystallized substance, resembling camphor, obtained from the <i>Asarum
Europ&aelig;um</i>; -- called also <i>camphor of asarum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*bes"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or resembling asbestus; inconsumable; asbestine.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*bes"ti*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>asbestus</i>
+ <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form or structure of asbestus.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*bes"tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to asbestus, or partaking of its nature; incombustible; asbestic.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*bes"tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Asbestic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>As*bes"tus</hw> (&?;), <hw>As*bes"tos</hw> (?; 277), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>asbestos</i> (NL. <i>asbestus</i>) a kind of
mineral unaffected by fire, Gr. &?; (prop. an adj.) inextinguishable;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to extinguish.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of
amphibole or of pyroxene, occurring in long and delicate fibers, or in
fibrous masses or seams, usually of a white, gray, or green-gray color. The
name is also given to a similar variety of serpentine.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The finer varieties have been wrought into gloves and cloth which
are incombustible. The cloth was formerly used as a shroud for dead bodies,
and has been recommended for firemen's clothes. Asbestus in also employed
in the manufacture of iron safes, for fireproof roofing, and for lampwicks.
Some varieties are called <i>amianthus</i>.  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>As"bo*lin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; soot.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A peculiar acrid and bitter oil, obtained from wood
soot.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"ca*rid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ascarides</b></plw> (&?;) or <u>Ascarids</u>. [NL. <i>ascaris</i>,
fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A parasitic nematoid worm, espec.
the roundworm, <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i>, often occurring in the human
intestine, and allied species found in domestic animals; also commonly
applied to the pinworm (<i>Oxyuris</i>), often troublesome to children and
aged persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*cend"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ascended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ascending</u>.] [L. <i>ascendere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>scandere</i> to
climb, mount. See <u>Scan</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move upward; to
mount; to go up; to rise; -- opposed to <i>descend</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Higher yet that star <i>ascends</i>.<BR>
<i>Bowring.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>ascend</i> unto my father and your father.<BR>
<i>John xx. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Formerly used with <i>up</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>The smoke of it <i>ascended up</i> to heaven.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rise, in a figurative sense; to proceed from
an inferior to a superior degree, from mean to noble objects, from
particulars to generals, from modern to ancient times, from one note to
another more acute, etc.; as, our inquiries <i>ascend</i> to the remotest
antiquity; to <i>ascend</i> to our first progenitor.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To rise; mount; climb; scale; soar; tower.</p>

<p><hw>As*cend"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To go or move upward
upon or along; to climb; to mount; to go up the top of; as, to
<i>ascend</i> a hill, a ladder, a tree, a river, a throne.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*cend"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
ascended.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>As*cend"an*cy</hw> (&?;), <hw>As*cend"ance</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Ascendency</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*cend"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ascendant</i>,
L. <i>ascendens</i>; p. pr. of <i>ascendere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ascent; height; elevation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sciences that were then in their highest
<i>ascendant</i>.<BR>
<i>Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The horoscope, or that degree
of the ecliptic which rises above the horizon at the moment of one's birth;
supposed to have a commanding influence on a person's life and
fortune.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Hence the phrases <col><b>To be in the ascendant</b></col>, to
have commanding power or influence, and <col><b>Lord of the
ascendant</b></col>, one who has possession of such power or influence; as,
to rule, for a while, <i>lord of the ascendant</i>.  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Superiority, or commanding influence;
ascendency; as, one man has the <i>ascendant</i> over another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chievres had acquired over the mind of the young monarch the
<i>ascendant</i> not only of a tutor, but of a parent.<BR>
<i>Robertson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An ancestor, or one who precedes in genealogy or
degrees of kindred; a relative in the ascending line; a progenitor; --
opposed to <i>descendant</i>.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>As*cend"ant</hw> (&?;), <hw>As*cend"ent</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rising toward the zenith;
above the horizon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The constellation . . . about that time
<i>ascendant</i>.<BR>
<i>Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rising; ascending.</def>  <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Superior; surpassing; ruling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>ascendant</i> spirit over him.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ascendant</i> community obtained a surplus of
wealth.<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Without some power of persuading or confuting, of defending
himself against accusations, . . . no man could possibly hold an
<i>ascendent</i> position.<BR>
<i>Grote.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*cend"en*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Governing or
controlling influence; domination; power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An undisputed <i>ascendency</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Custom has an <i>ascendency</i> over the understanding.<BR>
<i>Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Control; authority; influence; sway; dominion;
prevalence; domination.</p>

<p><hw>As*cend"i*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ascendibilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being ascended; climbable.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*cend"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rising; moving upward;
as, an <i>ascending</i> kite.</def>  -- <wf>As*cend"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Ascending latitude</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
increasing latitude of a planet.</cd> <i>Ferguson.</i> -- <col><b>Ascending
line</b></col> <i>(Geneol.)</i>, <cd>the line of relationship traced
backward or through one's ancestors. One's father and mother, grandfather
and grandmother, etc., are in the <i>line</i> direct <i>ascending</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Ascending node</b></col> <cd>having, that node of the moon or a
planet wherein it passes the ecliptic to proceed northward. It is also
called the <i>northern node</i>.</cd> <i>Herschel.</i> -- <col><b>Ascending
series</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A series arranged
according to the ascending powers of a quantity.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A series in which each term is greater than the preceding.</cd> --
<col><b>Ascending signs</b></col>, <cd>signs east of the meridian.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As*cen"sion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ascension</i>, L.
<i>ascensio</i>, fr. <i>ascendere</i>. See <u>Ascend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of ascending; a rising; ascent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: The visible ascent of our Savior
on the fortieth day after his resurrection. (<i>Acts i. 9.</i>) Also,
Ascension Day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An ascending or arising, as in distillation;
also that which arises, as from distillation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vaporous <i>ascensions</i> from the stomach.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Ascension Day</b></col>, <cd>the Thursday but one before
Whitsuntide, the day on which commemorated our Savior's ascension into
heaven after his resurrection; -- called also <i>Holy Thursday</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Right ascension</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>that degree of the
equinoctial, counted from the beginning of Aries, which rises with a star,
or other celestial body, in a right sphere; or the arc of the equator
intercepted between the first point of Aries and that point of the equator
that comes to the meridian with the star; -- expressed either in degrees or
in time.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique ascension</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>an arc of the equator, intercepted between the first point of Aries and
that point of the equator which rises together with a star, in an oblique
sphere; or the arc of the equator intercepted between the first point of
Aries and that point of the equator that comes to the horizon with a star.
It is little used in modern astronomy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As*cen"sion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
ascension; connected with ascent; ascensive; tending upward; as, the
<i>ascensional</i> power of a balloon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ascensional difference</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
difference between oblique and right ascension; -- used chiefly as
expressing the difference between the time of the rising or setting of a
body and six o'clock, or six hours from its meridian passage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As*cen"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ascend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rising; tending to rise, or causing to rise.</def>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Augmentative; intensive.</def>
<i>Ellicott.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*cent"</hw> (&?;). [Formed like <i>descent</i>, as if from a F.
<i>ascente</i>, fr. a verb <i>ascendre</i>, fr. L. <i>ascendere</i>. See
<u>Ascend</u>, <u>Descent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rising;
motion upward; rise; a mounting upward; as, he made a tedious
<i>ascent</i>; the <i>ascent</i> of vapors from the earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To him with swift <i>ascent</i> he up returned.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The way or means by which one ascends.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An eminence, hill, or high place.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The degree of elevation of an object, or the
angle it makes with a horizontal line; inclination; rising grade; as, a
road has an <i>ascent</i> of five degrees.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`cer*tain"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ascertained</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ascertaining</u>.] [OF. <i>acertener</i>; <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) +
<i>certain</i>. See <u>Certain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render (a
person) certain; to cause to feel certain; to make confident; to assure; to
apprise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When the blessed Virgin was so <i>ascertained</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Muncer assured them that the design was approved of by
Heaven, and that the Almighty had in a dream <i>ascertained</i> him of its
effects.<BR>
<i>Robertson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make (a thing) certain to the mind; to free
from obscurity, doubt, or change; to make sure of; to fix; to
determine.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The divine law . . . <i>ascertaineth</i> the truth.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The very deferring [of his execution] shall increase and
<i>ascertain</i> the condemnation.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The ministry, in order to <i>ascertain</i> a majority . . .
persuaded the queen to create twelve new peers.<BR>
<i>Smollett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The mildness and precision of their laws <i>ascertained</i>
the rule and measure of taxation.<BR>
<i>Gibbon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To find out or learn for a certainty, by trial,
examination, or experiment; to get to know; as, to <i>ascertain</i> the
weight of a commodity, or the purity of a metal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was there only for the purpose of <i>ascertaining</i>
whether a descent on England was practicable.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As`cer*tain"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
ascertained.</def>  -- <wf>As`cer*tain"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>As`cer*tain"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>As`cer*tain"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ascertains.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`cer*tain"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
ascertaining; a reducing to certainty; a finding out by investigation;
discovery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The positive <i>ascertainment</i> of its limits.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*ces"san*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <hw>As*ces"sant</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Acescency</u>,
<u>Acescent</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>As*cet"ic</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
exercise, to practice gymnastics.] <def>Extremely rigid in self-denial and
devotions; austere; severe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stern <i>ascetic</i> rigor of the Temple discipline.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*cet"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In the early church, one
who devoted himself to a solitary and contemplative life, characterized by
devotion, extreme self-denial, and self-mortification; a hermit; a recluse;
hence, one who practices extreme rigor and self-denial in religious
things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am far from commending those <i>ascetics</i> that take up
their quarters in deserts.<BR>
<i>Norris.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Ascetic theology</b></col>, <cd>the science which treats of the
practice of the theological and moral virtues, and the counsels of
perfection.</cd>  <i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*cet"i*cism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition,
practice, or mode of life, of ascetics.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"cham</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Roger <u>Ascham</u>,
who was a great lover of archery.] <def>A sort of cupboard, or case, to
contain bows and other implements of archery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As"ci</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ascus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"cian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
<i>Ascii</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*cid"i*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bladder,
pouch.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Ascidioidea, or in a more
general sense, one of the Tunicata. Also as an
<pos><i>adj.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>||As*cid`i*a"ri*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ascidium</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The structure which unites
together the ascidiozooids in a compound ascidian.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*cid"i*form</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a pouch + <i>-
form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Shaped like an ascidian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As*cid`i*oid"e*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>ascidium</i> + <i>-oid</i>. See <u>Ascidium</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A group of Tunicata, often shaped like a two-necked bottle. The group
includes, social, and compound species. The gill is a netlike structure
within the oral aperture. The integument is usually leathery in texture.
See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><! p. 88  !></p>

<p><hw>As*cid`i*o*zo"oid</hw>
(&abreve;s*s&ibreve;d`&ibreve;*&osl;*z&omacr;"oid), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Ascidium</i> +  <i>zooid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
individual members of a compound ascidian. See
<u>Ascidioidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As*cid"i*um</hw> (&abreve;s*s&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Ascidia</b></plw> (-&adot;). [NL.,
fr. <i>ascus</i>. See <u>Ascus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A pitcher-shaped, or flask-shaped, organ or appendage of a plant, as
the leaves of the pitcher plant, or the little bladderlike traps of the
bladderwort (Utricularia).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of simple
ascidians, which formerly included most of the known species. It is
sometimes used as a name for the Ascidioidea, or for all the
Tunicata.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*cig"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ascus</i> + <i>-
gerous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having asci.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||As"ci*i</hw> (&?;), <hw>As"cians</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>ascii</i>, pl. of <i>ascius</i>, Gr. &?; without
shadow; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; shadow.] <def>Persons who, at certain
times of the year, have no shadow at noon; -- applied to the inhabitants of
the torrid zone, who have, twice a year, a vertical sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As*ci"tes</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; (sc.
&?; disease), fr. &?; bladder, belly.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A collection of
serous fluid in the cavity of the abdomen; dropsy of the peritoneum.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>As*cit"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>As*cit"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or affected by, ascites;
dropsical.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`ci*ti"tious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Adscititious</u>.] <def>Supplemental; not inherent or original;
adscititious; additional; assumed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Homer has been reckoned an <i>ascititious</i> name.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*cle"pi*ad</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gr. &amp; L.
Pros.)</i> <def>A choriambic verse, first used by the Greek poet Asclepias,
consisting of four feet, viz., a spondee, two choriambi, and an
iambus.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*cle`pi*a*da"ceous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Asclepias</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling,
plants of the Milkweed family.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As*cle"pi*as</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, named
from <i>Asclepios</i> or <i>Aesculapius</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
plants including the milkweed, swallowwort, and some other species having
medicinal properties.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Asclepias butterfly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large,
handsome, red and black butterfly (<i>Danais Archippus</i>), found in both
hemispheres. It feeds on plants of the genus Asclepias.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||As`co*coc"cus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ascococci</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'asko`s</grk>
bladder, bag + &?; kernel.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A form of micrococcus,
found in putrid meat infusions, occurring in peculiar masses, each of which
is inclosed in a hyaline capsule and contains a large number of spherical
micrococci.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"co*spore</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ascus</i> +
<i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the spores contained in the asci
of lichens and fungi. [See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ascus</u>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>As*crib"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
ascribed; attributable.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*cribe"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ascribed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ascribing</u>.] [L. <i>ascribere</i>, <i>adscribere</i>, to ascribe;
<i>ad</i> + <i>scribere</i> to write: cf. OF. <i>ascrire</i>. See
<u>Scribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To attribute, impute, or refer, as
to a cause; as, his death was <i>ascribed</i> to a poison; to
<i>ascribe</i> an effect to the right cause; to <i>ascribe</i> such a book
to such an author.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The finest [speech] that is <i>ascribed</i> to Satan in the
whole poem.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attribute, as a quality, or an appurtenance;
to consider or allege to belong.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Ascribe</u>, <u>Attribute</u>, <u>Impute</u>.
<i>Attribute</i> denotes, 1. To refer some quality or attribute to a being;
as, to <i>attribute</i> power to God. 2. To refer something to its cause or
source; as, to <i>attribute</i> a backward spring to icebergs off the
coast. <i>Ascribe</i> is used equally in both these senses, but involves a
different image. To <i>impute</i> usually denotes to ascribe something
doubtful or wrong, and hence, in general literature, has commonly a bad
sense; as, to <i>impute</i> unworthy motives. The theological sense of
<i>impute</i> is not here taken into view.</p>

<p><blockquote>More than good-will to me <i>attribute</i> naught.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ascribes</i> his gettings to his parts and merit.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And fairly quit him of the <i>imputed</i> blame.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As"cript</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Adscript</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>As*crip"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ascriptio</i>,
fr. <i>ascribere</i>. See <u>Ascribe</u>.] <def>The act of ascribing,
imputing, or affirming to belong; also, that which is ascribed.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`crip*ti"tious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ascriptitius</i>, fr. <i>ascribere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ascribed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Added; additional.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>ascriptitious</i> and supernumerary God.<BR>
<i>Farindon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As"cus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> Asci (&?;).
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; a bladder.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small membranous bladder
or tube in which are inclosed the seedlike reproductive particles or
sporules of lichens and certain fungi.</def></p>

<p><hw>A-sea</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>sea</i>.]
<def>On the sea; at sea; toward the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*sep"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not +
<i>septic</i>.] <def>Not liable to putrefaction; nonputrescent.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An aseptic substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*sex"u*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not
+ <i>sexual</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having no distinct sex; without
sexual action; as, <i>asexual</i> reproduction. See <u>Fission</u> and
<u>Gemmation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*sex"u*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an asexual
manner; without sexual agency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ash</hw> (&abreve;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>asch</i>,
<i>esh</i>, AS. <i>&aelig;sc</i>; akin to OHG. <i>asc</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>ask</i>, Icel. <i>askr</i>, D. <i>esch</i>, G. <i>esche</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees of the Olive family,
having opposite pinnate leaves, many of the species furnishing valuable
timber, as the European ash (<i>Fraxinus excelsior</i>) and the white ash
(<i>F. Americana</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prickly ash</b></col> (<i>Zanthoxylum Americanum</i>) and
<col><b>Poison ash</b></col> (<i>Rhus venenata</i>) <cd>are shrubs of
different families, somewhat resembling the true ashes in their
foliage.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain ash</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Roman tree</u>,
and under <u>Mountain</u>.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tough, elastic wood of the ash
tree.</def></p>

<p><i>Ash</i> is used adjectively, or as the first part of a compound term;
as, <i>ash</i> bud, <i>ash</i> wood, <i>ash</i> tree, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Ash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><i>sing.</i> of
<u>Ashes</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ash</i> is rarely used in the singular except in connection
with chemical or geological products; as, soda <i>ash</i>, coal which
yields a red <i>ash</i>, etc., or as a qualifying or combining word; as,
<i>ash</i> bin, <i>ash</i> heap, <i>ash</i> hole, <i>ash</i> pan,
<i>ash</i> pit, <i>ash</i>-grey, <i>ash</i>-colored, pearl<i>ash</i>,
pot<i>ash</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Bone ash</b></col>, <cd>burnt powered; bone earth.</cd> --
<col><b>Volcanic ash</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ashes</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strew or sprinkle with
ashes.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*shame</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>shame</i>: cf. AS. <i>&amacr;scamian</i> to shame (where <i>&amacr;-</i>
is the same as Goth. <i>us-</i>, G. <i>er-</i>, and orig. meant
<i>out</i>), <i>gescamian</i>, <i>gesceamian</i>, to shame.] <def>To
shame.</def> [R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*shamed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Orig. a p. p. of
<i>ashame</i>, v. t.] <def>Affected by shame; abashed or confused by guilt,
or a conviction or consciousness of some wrong action or impropriety.</def>
"I am <i>ashamed</i> to beg."  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All that forsake thee shall be <i>ashamed</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. xvii. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I began to be <i>ashamed</i> of sitting idle.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Enough to make us <i>ashamed</i> of our species.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>ashamed</i> person can hardly endure to meet the gaze
of those present.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ashamed</i> seldom precedes the noun or pronoun it qualifies.
By a Hebraism, it is sometimes used in the Bible to mean
<i>disappointed</i>, or <i>defeated</i>.</p>

<p><hw>A*sham"ed*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Bashfully.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ash`an*tee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ashantees</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A native or an inhabitant of
Ashantee in Western Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ash`an*tee"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Ashantee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ash"-col`ored</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the color of
ashes; a whitish gray or brownish gray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ash"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ash</u>, the tree.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the ash tree.</def> "<i>Ashen</i> poles."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ash"en</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or resembling,
ashes; of a color between brown and gray, or white and gray.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ashen</i> hue of age.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ash"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def>obs. pl. for
<u>Ashes</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ash"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
depository for ashes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place where potash is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ash"es</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE. <i>asche</i>,
<i>aske</i>, AS. <i>asce</i>, <i>&aelig;sce</i>, <i>axe</i>; akin to OHG.
<i>asca</i>, G. <i>asche</i>, D. <i>asch</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>aska</i>, Dan.
<i>aske</i>, Goth. <i>azgo</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The earthy or
mineral particles of combustible substances remaining after combustion, as
of wood or coal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: The remains of the human body when
burnt, or when "returned to dust" by natural decay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their martyred blood and <i>ashes</i> sow.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The coffins were broken open. The <i>ashes</i> were
scattered to the winds.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The color of ashes; deathlike
paleness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lip of <i>ashes</i>, and the cheek of flame.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>In dust and ashes</b></col>, <col><b>In sackcloth and
ashes</b></col>, <cd>with humble expression of grief or repentance; -- from
the method of mourning in Eastern lands.</cd> -- <col><b>Volcanic
ashes</b></col>, or <col><b>Volcanic ash</b></col>, <cd>the loose, earthy
matter, or small fragments of stone or lava, ejected by volcanoes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ash"-fire</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low fire used in
chemical operations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ash"-fur`nace</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ash"-ov`en</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A furnace or oven for fritting materials for
glass making.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*shine"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shining;
radiant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ash"lar</hw>, <hw>Ash"ler</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>ascheler</i>, <i>achiler</i>, OF. <i>aiseler</i>, fr. <i>aiselle</i>,
dim. of <i>ais</i> plank, fr. L. <i>axis</i>, <i>assis</i>, plank, axle.
See <u>Axle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Hewn or squared stone; also, masonry made of squared or hewn
stone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rough <i>ashlar</i>, a block of freestone as brought from
the quarry. When hammer-dressed it is known as common <i>ashlar</i>.<BR>
<i>Knight.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In the United States especially, a thin facing
of squared and dressed stone upon a wall of rubble or brick.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ash"lar*ing</hw>, <hw>Ash"ler*ing</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of bedding ashlar in mortar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ashlar when in thin slabs and made to serve
merely as a case to the body of the wall.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>The short upright pieces between
the floor beams and rafters in garrets. See <u>Ashlar</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*shore"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>shore</i>.] <def>On shore or on land; on the land adjacent to water; to
the shore; to the land; aground (when applied to a ship); -- sometimes
opposed to <i>aboard</i> or <i>afloat</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here shall I die <i>ashore</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I must fetch his necessaries <i>ashore</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ash"to*reth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ashtaroth</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The principal female divinity of
the Ph&oelig;nicians, as Baal was the principal male divinity.</def>  <i>W.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ash` Wednes"day</hw> (&abreve;sh` w&ebreve;nz"d&asl;). <def>The
first day of Lent; -- so called from a custom in the Roman Catholic church
of putting ashes, on that day, upon the foreheads of penitents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ash"weed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> [A
corruption of <i>ache</i>-weed; F. <i>ache</i>. So named from the likeness
of its leaves to those of <i>ache</i> (celery).] <def>Goutweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ash"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or composed of, ashes; filled, or strewed with,
ashes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ash-colored; whitish gray; deadly pale.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ashy pale</b></col>, <cd>pale as ashes.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"sian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Asianus</i>, Gr. &?;,
fr. &?;, L. <i>Asia</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Asia; Asiatic.</def>
"<i>Asian</i> princes." <i>Jer. Taylor.</i>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An Asiatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"si*arch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Asiarcha</i>, Gr.
&?;; &?; + &?; ruler.] <def>One of the chiefs or pontiffs of the Roman
province of Asia, who had the superintendence of the public games and
religious rites.</def>  <i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><hw>A`si*at"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Asiaticus</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to Asia or to its inhabitants.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native, or one of the people, of
Asia.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`si*at"i*cism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
peculiar to Asia or the Asiatics.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*side"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>side</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On, or to, one side; out of a
straight line, course, or direction; at a little distance from the rest;
out of the way; apart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt set <i>aside</i> that which is full.<BR>
<i>2 Kings iv. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>But soft! but soft! <i>aside</i>: here comes the king.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The flames were blown <i>aside</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Out of one's thoughts; off; away; as, to put
<i>aside</i> gloomy thoughts.</def> "Lay <i>aside</i> every weight."
<i>Heb. xii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>So as to be heard by others;
privately.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then lords and ladies spake <i>aside</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To set aside</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to annul or defeat the
effect or operation of, by a subsequent decision of the same or of a
superior tribunal; to declare of no authority; as, to <i>set aside</i> a
verdict or a judgment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*side"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something spoken aside; as,
a remark made by a stageplayer which the other players are not supposed to
hear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*si"lus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a gadfly.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of large and voracious two-winged flies,
including the bee killer and robber fly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>As`i*ne"go</hw>, <hw>As`si*ne"go</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>asnico</i>, dim. of <i>asno</i> an ass.]
<def>A stupid fellow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>As"i*nine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>asininus</i>, fr.
<i>asinus</i> ass. See <u>Ass</u>.] <def>Of or belonging to, or having the
qualities of, the ass, as stupidity and obstinacy.</def>   "<i>Asinine</i>
nature." <i>B. Jonson.</i> "<i>Asinine</i> feast." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>As`i*nin"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being asinine; stupidity combined with obstinacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*si"phon*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Destitute of a siphon or breathing tube; -- said of many bivalve
shells.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An asiphonate
mollusk.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||As`i*pho"ne*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>||A*si`pho*na"ta</hw> (&?;),
<hw>||As`i*phon"i*da</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; a tube.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
bivalve mollusks destitute of siphons, as the oyster; the asiphonate
mollusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*si"ti*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; food.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Want of appetite; loathing of
food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ask</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Asked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Asking</u>.] [OE. <i>asken</i>, <i>ashen</i>, <i>axien</i>, AS.
<i>&amacr;scian</i>, <i>&amacr;csian</i>; akin to OS.
<i>&emacr;sc&omacr;n</i>, OHG. <i>eisc&omacr;n</i>, Sw. <i>&amacr;ska</i>,
Dan. <i>&aelig;ske</i>, D. <i>eischen</i>, G. <i>heischen</i>, Lith.
<i>j&euml;sk&oacute;ti</i>, OSlav. <i>iskati</i> to seek, Skr. <i>ish</i>
to desire. &radic;5.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To request; to seek to obtain
by words; to petition; to solicit; -- often with <i>of</i>, in the sense of
<i>from</i>, before the person addressed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ask</i> counsel, we pray thee, of God.<BR>
<i>Judg. xviii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If ye abide in me, and my words abide in you, ye shall
<i>ask</i> what ye will, and it shall be done unto you.<BR>
<i>John xv. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To require, demand, claim, or expect, whether by
way of remuneration or return, or as a matter of necessity; as, what price
do you <i>ask</i>?</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ask</i> me never so much dowry.<BR>
<i>Gen. xxxiv. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To whom men have committed much, of him they will <i>ask</i>
the more.<BR>
<i>Luke xii. 48.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An exigence of state <i>asks</i> a much longer time to
conduct a design to maturity.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To interrogate or inquire of or concerning; to
put a question to or about; to question.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is of age; <i>ask</i> him: he shall speak for
himself.<BR>
<i>John ix. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>asked</i> the way to Chester.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To invite; as, to <i>ask</i> one to an
entertainment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To publish in church for marriage; -- said of
both the banns and the persons.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To beg; request; seek; petition; solicit; entreat;
beseech; implore; crave; require; demand; claim; exhibit; inquire;
interrogate. See <u>Beg</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ask</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To request
or petition; -- usually followed by <i>for</i>; as, to <i>ask for</i>
bread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ask</i>, and it shall be given you.<BR>
<i>Matt. vii. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make inquiry, or seek by request; --
sometimes followed by <i>after</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore . . . dost <i>ask</i> after my name?<BR>
<i>Gen. xxxii. 29.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ask</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Asker</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A water newt.</def> [Scot. &amp; North of Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>A*skance"</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*skant"</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>schuin</i>, <i>schuins</i>, sideways,
<i>schuiven</i> to shove, <i>schuinte</i> slope. Cf. <u>Asquint</u>.]
<def>Sideways; obliquely; with a side glance; with disdain, envy, or
suspicion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They dart away; they wheel <i>askance</i>.<BR>
<i>Beattie.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>My palfrey eyed them <i>askance</i>.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Both . . . were viewed <i>askance</i> by authority.<BR>
<i>Gladstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*skance"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn aside.</def>
[Poet.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O, how are they wrapped in with infamies<BR>
That from their own misdeeds <i>askance</i> their eyes!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ask"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who asks; a petitioner;
an inquirer.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ask"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of AS.
<i>a&?;exe</i> lizard, newt.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An ask; a water
newt.</def> [Local Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>A*skew"</hw>, <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>skew</i>.] <def>Awry; askance; asquint; oblique or obliquely; --
sometimes indicating scorn, or contempt, or entry.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ask"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of inquiring or requesting; a petition; solicitation.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The publishing of banns.</def></p>

<p><! p. 89  !></p>

<p><hw>A*slake"</hw> (&adot;*sl&amacr;k"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>&amacr;slacian</i>, <i>slacian</i>, to slacken. Cf. <u>Slake</u>.]
<def>To mitigate; to moderate; to appease; to abate; to diminish.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*slant"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>slant</i>.] <def>Toward one side; in a slanting direction;
obliquely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The shaft] drove through his neck <i>aslant</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*slant"</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>In a slanting direction
over; athwart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a willow grows <i>aslant</i> a brook.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*sleep"</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>sleep</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a state of sleep; in sleep;
dormant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fast <i>asleep</i> the giant lay supine.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By whispering winds soon lulled <i>asleep</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the sleep of the grave; dead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Concerning them which are <i>asleep</i> . . . sorrow not,
even as others which have no hope.<BR>
<i>1 Thess. iv. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Numbed, and, usually, tingling.</def>
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Leaning long upon any part maketh it numb, and, as we call
it, <i>asleep</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*slope"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>slope</i>.] <def>Slopingly; aslant; declining from an upright direction;
sloping.</def> "Set them not upright, but <i>aslope</i>."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*slug"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>slug</i> to move slowly.] <def>Sluggishly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*smear"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>smear</i>.] <def>Smeared over.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>As`mo*ne"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the patriotic Jewish family to which the Maccabees belonged; Maccabean;
as, the <i>Asmonean</i> dynasty.</def> [Written also
<i>Asmon&aelig;an</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>As`mo*ne"an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Asmonean
family.  The Asmoneans were leaders and rulers of the Jews from 168 to 35
<u>b. c.</u></def></p>

<p><hw>A*soak"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>soak</i>.] <def>Soaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*so"ma*tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>asomatus</i>,
Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; body.] <def>Without a material body;
incorporeal.</def>  <i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>As"o*nant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not +
<i>sonant</i>.] <def>Not sounding or sounded.</def> [R.]  <i>C. C.
Felton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Asp</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Aspen</u>.</def> "Trembling poplar or <i>asp</i>."  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Asp</hw> (&adot;sp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aspis</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>'aspi`s</grk>: cf. OF. <i>aspe</i>, F. <i>aspic</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, hooded, poisonous serpent of Egypt and
adjacent countries, whose bite is often fatal. It is the <i>Naja haje</i>.
The name is also applied to other poisonous serpents, esp. to <i>Vipera
aspis</i> of southern Europe. See <u>Haje</u>.</def></p>

<p><BR>
<hw>||As*pal"a*thus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aspalathus</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A thorny shrub yielding a
fragrant oil.</def> <i>Ecclus. xxiv. 15.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
genus of plants of the natural order <i>Leguminos&aelig;</i>. The species
are chiefly natives of the Cape of Good Hope.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*par"a*gine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>asparagine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, nitrogenous,
crystallizable substance,
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>+H<sub>2</sub>O, found
in many plants, and first obtained from <i>asparagus</i>.  It is believed
to aid in the disposition of nitrogenous matter throughout the plant; --
called also <i>altheine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`pa*rag"i*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining or
allied to, or resembling, asparagus; having shoots which are eaten like
asparagus; as, <i>asparaginous</i> vegetables.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*par"a*gus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;;
cf. &?; to swell with sap or juice, and Zend <i>&?;paregha</i> prong,
sprout, Pers. <i>asparag</i>, Lith. <i>spurgas</i> sprout, Skr.
<i>sphurj</i> to swell. Perh. the Greek borrowed from the Persian. Cf.
<u>Sparrowgrass</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
perennial plants belonging to the natural order <i>Liliace&aelig;</i>, and
having erect much branched stems, and very slender branchlets which are
sometimes mistaken for leaves. <i>Asparagus racemosus</i> is a shrubby
climbing plant with fragrant flowers. Specifically: The <i>Asparagus
officinalis</i>, a species cultivated in gardens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The young and tender shoots of <i>A.
officinalis</i>, which form a valuable and well-known article of
food.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word was formerly pronounced <i>sparrowgrass</i>; but this
pronunciation is now confined exclusively to uneducated people.</p>

<p><col><b>Asparagus beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
beetle (<i>Crioceris asparagi</i>) injurious to asparagus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As*par"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived, asparagine; as, <i>aspartic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"pect</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aspectus</i>, fr.
<i>aspicere</i>, <i>aspectum</i>, to look at; <i>ad</i> + <i>spicere</i>,
<i>specere</i>, to look, akin to E. <i>spy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of looking; vision; gaze; glance.</def> [R.] "The basilisk
killeth by <i>aspect</i>."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>aspect</i> was bent on the ground.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Look, or particular appearance of the face;
countenance; mien; air.</def> "Serious in <i>aspect</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Craggs] with <i>aspect</i> open shall erect his head.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appearance to the eye or the mind; look;
view.</def> "The <i>aspect</i> of affairs."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The true <i>aspect</i> of a world lying in its rubbish.<BR>
<i>T. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Position or situation with regard to seeing;
that position which enables one to look in a particular direction; position
in relation to the points of the compass; as, a house has a southern
<i>aspect</i>, that is, a position which faces the south.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Prospect; outlook.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This town affords a good <i>aspect</i> toward the hill from
whence we descended.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The situation of planets or
stars with respect to one another, or the angle formed by the rays of light
proceeding from them and meeting at the eye; the joint look of planets or
stars upon each other or upon the earth.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The aspects which two planets can assume are five; sextile, &?;,
when the planets are 60&deg; apart; quartile, or quadrate, &?;, when their
distance is 90&deg; or the quarter of a circle; trine, &?;, when the
distance is 120&deg;; opposition, &?;, when the distance is 180&deg;, or
half a circle; and conjunction, &?;, when they are in the same degree.
Astrology taught that the aspects of the planets exerted an influence on
human affairs, in some situations for good and in others for evil.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The influence of the stars for
good or evil; as, an ill <i>aspect</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The astrologers call the evil influences of the stars evil
<i>aspects</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Aspect of a plane</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the direction of
the plane.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As*pect"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>aspectare</i>,
v. intens. of <i>aspicere</i>. See <u>Aspect</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>To behold; to look at.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>As*pect"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aspectabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being; visible.</def>   "The
<i>aspectable</i> world." <i>Ray.</i> "<i>Aspectable</i> stars." <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*pect"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Facing each other.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*pect"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an aspect.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*pec"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aspectio</i>,
fr. <i>aspicere</i> to look at.] <def>The act of viewing; a look.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Asp"en</hw> (&abreve;s"p&ebreve;n), <hw>Asp</hw> (&adot;sp), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&aelig;sp</i>, <i>&aelig;ps</i>; akin to OHG.
<i>aspa</i>, Icel. <i>&ouml;sp</i>, Dan. <i>&aelig;sp</i>, Sw. <i>asp</i>,
D. <i>esp</i>, G. <i>espe</i>, <i>&auml;spe</i>, <i>aspe</i>; cf. Lettish
<i>apsa</i>, Lith. <i>apuszis</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of several
species of poplar bearing this name, especially the <i>Populus tremula</i>,
so called from the trembling of its leaves, which move with the slightest
impulse of the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Asp"en</hw> (&abreve;s"p&ebreve;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the aspen, or resembling it; made of aspen wood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor <i>aspen</i> leaves confess the gentlest breeze.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As"per</hw> (&abreve;s"p&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>aspre</i>, OF. <i>aspre</i>, F. <i>&acirc;pre</i>, fr. L. <i>asper</i>
rough.] <def>Rough; rugged; harsh; bitter; stern; fierce.</def> [Archaic]
"An <i>asper</i> sound."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||As"per</hw> (&abreve;s"p&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
spiritus <i>asper</i> rough breathing.] <i>(Greek Gram.)</i> <def>The rough
breathing; a mark (&asper;) placed over an initial vowel sound or over
&rho; to show that it is aspirated, that is, pronounced with <i>h</i>
before it; thus <grk>"ws</grk>, pronounced h&omacr;s, <grk>"rh`twr</grk>,
pronounced hr&amacr;"t&omacr;r.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>aspre</i> or It.
<i>aspro</i>, fr. MGr. <grk>'a`spron</grk>, <grk>'a`spros</grk>, white
(prob. from the whiteness of new silver coins).] <def>A Turkish money of
account (formerly a coin), of little value; the 120th part of a
piaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"per*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Asperated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Asperating</u>.] [L. <i>asperatus</i>, p. p. of <i>asperare</i>, fr.
<i>asper</i> rough.] <def>To make rough or uneven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>asperated</i> part of its surface.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As`per*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
asperating; a making or becoming rough.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||As*per"ges</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., Thou shalt
sprinkle.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The service or
ceremony of sprinkling with holy water.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
brush or instrument used in sprinkling holy water; an aspergill.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>As"per*gill</hw> (&?;), <hw>||As`per*gil"lum</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>aspergillum</i>, fr. L. <i>aspergere</i>. See
<u>Asperse</u>, v. t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The brush used in the Roman
Catholic church for sprinkling holy water on the people.</def> [Also
written <i>aspergillus</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Wateringpot
shell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`per*gil"li*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Aspergillum</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling the
aspergillum in form; as, an <i>aspergilliform</i> stigma.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>As`per*i*fo"li*ate</hw> (&?;), <hw>As`per*i*fo"li*ous</hw> (&?;),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>asper</i> rough + <i>folium</i> leaf.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having rough leaves.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By some applied to the natural order now called
<i>Boraginace&aelig;</i> or borageworts.</p>

<p><hw>As*per"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Asperities</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>asperitas</i>, fr. <i>asper</i>
rough: cf. F. <i>asp&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Roughness of surface; unevenness; -- opposed to
<i>smoothness</i>.</def> "The <i>asperities</i> of dry bodies."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Roughness or harshness of sound; that quality
which grates upon the ear; raucity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Roughness to the taste; sourness;
tartness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Moral roughness; roughness of manner; severity;
crabbedness; harshness; -- opposed to <i>mildness</i>.</def>
"<i>Asperity</i> of character."  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is no very cynical <i>asperity</i> not to confess
obligations where no benefit has been received.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Sharpness; disagreeableness;
difficulty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The acclivities and <i>asperities</i> of duty.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Acrimony; moroseness; crabbedness; harshness; sourness;
tartness. See <u>Acrimony</u>.</p>

<p><hw>A*sper"ma*tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?;, &?;, seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Aspermous.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*sper"mous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk> priv.
+ &?; seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Destitute of seeds; aspermatous.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*sperne"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>aspernari</i>;
<i>a</i> (<i>ab</i>) + <i>spernari</i>.] <def>To spurn; to despise.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>As"per*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Asper</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Rough; uneven.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*perse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aspersed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aspersing</u>.] [L. <i>aspersus</i>, p. p. of <i>aspergere</i> to
scatter, sprinkle; <i>ad</i> + <i>spargere</i> to strew. See
<u>Sparse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle, as water or dust, upon
anybody or anything, or to besprinkle any one with a liquid or with
dust.</def>  <i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bespatter with foul reports or false and
injurious charges; to tarnish in point of reputation or good name; to
slander or calumniate; as, to <i>asperse</i> a poet or his writings; to
<i>asperse</i> a man's character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With blackest crimes <i>aspersed</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To slander; defame; detract from; calumniate; vilify.  --
To <u>Asperse</u>, <u>Defame</u>, <u>Slander</u>, <u>Calumniate</u>. These
words have in common the idea of falsely assailing the character of
another. To <i>asperse</i> is figuratively to cast upon a character
hitherto unsullied the imputation of blemishes or faults which render it
offensive or loathsome. To <i>defame</i> is to detract from a man's honor
and reputation by charges calculated to load him with infamy.
<i>Slander</i> (etymologically the same as <i>scandal</i>) and
<i>calumniate</i>, from the Latin, have in common the sense of circulating
reports to a man's injury from unworthy or malicious motives. Men
<i>asperse</i> their neighbors by malignant insinuations; they
<i>defame</i> by advancing charges to blacken or sully their fair fame;
they <i>slander</i> or <i>calumniate</i> by spreading injurious reports
which are false, or by magnifying slight faults into serious errors or
crimes.</p>

<p><hw>As*persed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having an indefinite number of small charges scattered
or strewed over the surface.</def>  <i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bespattered; slandered; calumniated.</def>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*pers"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who asperses;
especially, one who vilifies another.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*per"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aspersio</i>,
fr. <i>aspergere</i>: cf. F. <i>aspersion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sprinkling, as with water or dust, in a literal sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold an immersion, not and <i>aspersion</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The spreading of calumniations reports or
charges which tarnish reputation, like the bespattering of a body with foul
water; calumny.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every candid critic would be ashamed to cast wholesale
<i>aspersions</i> on the entire body of professional teachers.<BR>
<i>Grote.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Who would by base <i>aspersions</i> blot thy virtue.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*pers"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
asperse; defamatory; slanderous.</def>  -- <wf>As*pers"ive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||As`per`soir"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An
aspergill.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As`per*so"ri*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aspersoria</b></plw> (&?;). [LL. See <u>Asperse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The stoup, basin, or other vessel for holy water in
Roman Catholic churches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brush for sprinkling holy water; an
aspergill.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>As"phalt</hw> (&?;), <hw>As*phal"tum</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, of eastern origin: cf. F. <i>asphalte</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mineral pitch, Jews' pitch, or compact native
bitumen. It is brittle, of a black or brown color and high luster on a
surface of fracture; it melts and burns when heated, leaving no residue. It
occurs on the surface and shores of the Dead Sea, which is therefore called
<i>Asphaltites</i>, or the Asphaltic Lake. It is found also in many parts
of Asia, Europe, and America. See <u>Bitumen</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A composition of bitumen, pitch, lime, and
gravel, used for forming pavements, and as a water-proof cement for
bridges, roofs, etc.; asphaltic cement. Artificial asphalt is prepared from
coal tar, lime, sand, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Asphalt stone</b></col>, <col><b>Asphalt rock</b></col>, <cd>a
limestone found impregnated with asphalt.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As"phalt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover with asphalt;
as, to <i>asphalt</i> a roof; <i>asphalted</i> streets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As`phalte"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Asphalt</u>.] <def>Asphaltic mastic or cement. See <u>Asphalt</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*phal"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, of
the nature of, or containing, asphalt; bituminous.</def> "<i>Asphaltic</i>
pool."  "<i>Asphaltic</i> slime."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*phal"tite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Asphaltic.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*phal"tite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Asphaltic.</def>
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>||As*phal"tus</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Asphalt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"pho*del</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>asphodelus</i>,
Gr. &?;. See <u>Daffodil</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A general name for a
plant of the genus <i>Asphodelus</i>. The asphodels are hardy perennial
plants, several species of which are cultivated for the beauty of their
flowers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also popularly given to species of other genera. The
<i>asphodel</i> of the early English and French poets was the daffodil. The
<i>asphodel</i> of the Greek poets is supposed to be the <i>Narcissus
poeticus</i>.  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pansies, and violets, and <i>asphodel</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*phyc"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
asphyxia.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||As*phyx"i*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>As*phyx"y</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>asphyxia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk> priv.
+ &?; to throb, beat.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Apparent death, or suspended
animation; the condition which results from interruption of respiration, as
in suffocation or drowning, or the inhalation of irrespirable
gases.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*phyx"i*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to
asphyxia; as, <i>asphyxial</i> phenomena.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*phyx"i*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bring to a
state of asphyxia; to suffocate. [Used commonly in the past
pple.]</def></p>

<p><hw>As*phyx"i*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <hw>As*phyx"ied</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p.
p. </i></pos> <def>In a state of asphyxia; suffocated.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*phyx`i*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
causing asphyxia; a state of asphyxia.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"pic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Asp</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The venomous asp.</def> [Chiefly poetic]  <i>Shak.
Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of ordnance carrying a 12 pound
shot.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>As"pic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a corrupt. of <i>spic</i>
(OF. <i>espi</i>, F. <i>&eacute;pi</i>), L. <i>spica</i> (<i>spicum</i>,
<i>spicus</i>), ear, spike. See <u>Spike</u>.] <def>A European species of
lavender (<i>Lavandula spica</i>), which produces a volatile oil. See
<u>Spike</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"pic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prob. fr. <i>aspic</i> an
asp.] <def>A savory meat jelly containing portions of fowl, game, fish,
hard boiled eggs, etc.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||As`pi*do*bran"chi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, shield + &?; gills.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
Gastropoda, with limpetlike shells, including the abalone shells and
keyhole limpets.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*pir"ant</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>aspirant</i>, p. pr. of <i>aspirer</i>. See <u>Aspire</u>.]
<def>Aspiring.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*pir"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>aspirant</i>.]
<def>One who aspires; one who eagerly seeks some high position or object of
attainment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In consequence of the resignations . . . the way to
greatness was left clear to a new set of <i>aspirants</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As"pi*rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aspirated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aspirating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>aspiratus</i>, p. p. of <i>aspirare</i> to
breathe toward or upon, to add the breathing <i>h</i>; <i>ad</i> +
<i>spirare</i> to breathe, blow. Cf. <u>Aspire</u>.] <def>To pronounce with
a breathing, an aspirate, or an <i>h</i> sound; as, we <i>aspirate</i> the
words <i>horse</i> and <i>house</i>; to <i>aspirate</i> a vowel or a liquid
consonant.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"pi*rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sound consisting of, or characterized by, a breath like the sound of
<i>h</i>; the breathing <i>h</i> or a character representing such a sound;
an aspirated sound.</def></p>

<p><! p. 90  !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mark of aspiration (&asper;) used in Greek;
the asper, or rough breathing.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An elementary sound produced by the breath
alone; a surd, or nonvocal consonant; as, <i>f</i>, <i>th</i> in thin,
etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>As"pi*rate</hw> (&abreve;s"p&ibreve;*r&asl;t),
<hw>As"pi*ra"ted</hw> (-r&amacr;"t&ebreve;d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aspiratus</i>, p. p.] <def>Pronounced with the <i>h</i> sound or with
audible breath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But yet they are not <i>aspirate</i>, i. e., with such an
aspiration as <i>h</i>.<BR>
<i>Holder.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As`pi*ra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aspiratio</i>,
fr. <i>aspirare</i>: cf. F. <i>aspiration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of aspirating; the pronunciation of a letter with a full or strong
emission of breath; an aspirated sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If <i>aspiration</i> be defined to be an impetus of
breathing.<BR>
<i>Wilkins.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of breathing; a breath; an
inspiration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of aspiring of a ardently desiring;
strong wish; high desire.</def> "<i>Aspirations</i> after virtue."
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Vague <i>aspiration</i> after military renown.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As"pi*ra`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An apparatus for passing air or gases through or over
certain liquids or solids, or for exhausting a closed vessel, by means of
suction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument for the evacuation
of the fluid contents of tumors or collections of blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*pir"a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to breathing; suited to the inhaling of air</def></p>

<p><hw>As*pire"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aspired</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aspiring</u>.] [F. <i>aspirer</i>, L. <i>aspirare</i>. See
<u>Aspirate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To desire
with eagerness; to seek to attain something high or great; to pant; to
long; -- followed by <i>to</i> or <i>after</i>, and rarely by <i>at</i>;
as, to <i>aspire</i> to a crown; to <i>aspire</i> after
immorality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Aspiring</i> to be gods, if angels fell;<BR>
<i>Aspiring</i> to be angels, men rebel.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rise; to ascend; to tower; to soar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My own breath still foments the fire,<BR>
Which flames as high as fancy can <i>aspire</i>.<BR>
<i>Waller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*pire"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To aspire to; to long
for; to try to reach; to mount to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That gallant spirit hath <i>aspired</i> the clouds.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*pire"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Aspiration.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*pire"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Aspiration.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>As*pir"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
aspires.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*pir"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That aspires; as, an
<i>Aspiring</i> mind.</def>  -- <wf>As*pir"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>As*pir"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Asp"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
like, an asp.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`por*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>asportatio</i>, fr. <i>asportare</i> to carry away; <i>abs = ab</i> +
<i>portare</i> to bear, carry.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The felonious removal of
goods from the place where they were deposited.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is adjudged to be larceny, though the goods are not carried
from the house or apartment.  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*sprawl"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Sprawling.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*squat"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Squatting.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*squint"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Askant</u>,
<u>Squint</u>.] <def>With the eye directed to one side; not in the straight
line of vision; obliquely; awry, so as to see distortedly; as, to look
<i>asquint</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ass</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>asse</i>, AS.
<i>assa</i>; akin to Icel. <i>asni</i>, W. <i>asen</i>, <i>asyn</i>, L.
<i>asinus</i>, dim. <i>aselus</i>, Gr. &?;; also to AS. <i>esol</i>, OHG.
<i>esil</i>, G. <i>esel</i>, Goth. <i>asilus</i>, Dan. <i>&aelig;sel</i>,
Lith. <i>asilas</i>, Bohem. <i>osel</i>, Pol. <i>osiel</i>. The word is
prob. of Semitic origin; cf. Heb. <i>ath&?;n</i> she ass. Cf. <u>Ease</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A quadruped of the genus
<i>Equus</i> (<i>E. asinus</i>), smaller than the horse, and having a
peculiarly harsh bray and long ears. The tame or domestic ass is patient,
slow, and sure-footed, and has become the type of obstinacy and stupidity.
There are several species of wild asses which are swift-footed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dull, heavy, stupid fellow; a dolt.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Asses' Bridge</b></col>. [L. <i>pons asinorum</i>.] <cd>The
fifth proposition of the first book of Euclid, "The angles at the base of
an isosceles triangle are equal to one another."</cd> [Sportive] "A
schoolboy, stammering out his <i>Asses' Bridge</i>." <i>F. Harrison.</i> --
<col><b>To make an ass of one's self</b></col>, <cd>to do or say something
very foolish or absurd.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As`sa*f&oelig;t"i*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Asafetida</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"sa*gai</hw> (&?;), <hw>As"se*gai</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Pg. <i>azagaia</i>, Sp. <i>azagaya</i>, fr. a Berber word. Cf.
<u>Lancegay</u>.] <def>A spear used by tribes in South Africa as a missile
and for stabbing, a kind of light javelin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As*sa"i</hw> (&?;). [It., fr. L. <i>ad</i> + <i>satis</i> enough.
See <u>Assets</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A direction equivalent to
<i>very</i>; as, adagio <i>assai</i>, very slow.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sail"</hw> (&abreve;s*s&amacr;l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Assailed</u> (-s&amacr;ld"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Assailing</u>.] [OE. <i>assailen</i>,
<i>asailen</i>, OF. <i>asaillir</i>, <i>assailler</i>, F. <i>assaillir</i>;
<i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>saillir</i> to burst out, project, fr. L.
<i>salire</i> to leap, spring; cf. L. <i>assilire</i> to leap or spring
upon. See <u>Sally</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To attack with violence,
or in a vehement and hostile manner; to assault; to molest; as, to
<i>assail</i> a man with blows; to <i>assail</i> a city with
artillery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No rude noise mine ears <i>assailing</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No storm can now <i>assail</i><BR>
The charm he wears within.<BR>
<i>Keble.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To encounter or meet purposely with the view of
mastering, as an obstacle, difficulty, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The thorny wilds the woodmen fierce <i>assail</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attack morally, or with a view to produce
changes in the feelings, character, conduct, existing usages, institutions;
to attack by words, hostile influence, etc.; as, to <i>assail</i> one with
appeals, arguments, abuse, ridicule, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The papal authority . . . <i>assailed</i>.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>assailed</i> him with keen invective; they
<i>assailed</i> him with still keener irony.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To attack; assault; invade; encounter; fall upon. See
<u>Attack</u>.</p>

<p><hw>As*sail"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
assailed.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sail"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>assaillant</i>,
p. pr. of <i>assaillir</i>.] <def>Assailing; attacking.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sail"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>assaillant</i>.]
<def>One who, or that which, assails, attacks, or assaults; an
assailer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>assailant</i> of the church.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sail"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
assails.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sail"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or power
of assailing; attack; assault.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His most frequent <i>assailment</i> was the headache.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As"sa*mar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>assare</i> to
roast + <i>amarus</i>, bitter.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The peculiar bitter
substance, soft or liquid, and of a yellow color, produced when meat,
bread, gum, sugar, starch, and the like, are roasted till they turn
brown.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`sam*ese"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Assam, a province of British India, or to its inhabitants.</def>  --
<pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>A native or natives of
Assam.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As`sa*pan"</hw> (&?;), <hw>||As`sa*pan"ic</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. Indian name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
American flying squirrel (<i>Pteromys volucella</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sart"</hw> (&abreve;s*s&auml;rt"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>essart</i> the grubbing up of trees, fr. <i>essarter</i> to grub up or
clear ground of bushes, shrubs, trees, etc., fr. LL. <i>exartum</i>,
<i>exartare</i>, for <i>exsaritare</i>; L. <i>ex</i> + <i>sarire</i>,
<i>sarrire</i>, <i>saritum</i>, to hoe, weed.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Old
Law)</i> <def>The act or offense of grubbing up trees and bushes, and thus
destroying the thickets or coverts of a forest.</def>  <i>Spelman.</i>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of land cleared of trees and bushes, and
fitted for cultivation; a clearing.</def>  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Assart land</b></col>, <cd>forest land cleared of woods and
brush.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As*sart"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To grub up, as trees; to
commit an assart upon; as, to <i>assart</i> land or trees.</def>
<i>Ashmole.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sas"sin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. (cf. It.
<i>assassino</i>), fr. Ar. <i>&lsquo;hashishin</i> one who has drunk of the
<i>hashish</i>. Under its influence the Assassins of the East, followers of
the <i>Shaikh al-Jabal</i> (Old Man of the Mountain), were said to commit
the murders required by their chief.] <def>One who kills, or attempts to
kill, by surprise or secret assault; one who treacherously murders any one
unprepared for defense.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sas"sin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To assassinate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sas"sin*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Assassinated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Assassinating</u> (&?;).] [LL. <i>assassinatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>assassinare</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To kill by surprise or
secret assault; to murder by treacherous violence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Help, neighbors, my house is broken open by force, and I am
ravished, and like to be <i>assassinated</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assail with murderous intent; hence, by
extended meaning, to maltreat exceedingly.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Your rhymes <i>assassinate</i> our fame.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Such usage as your honorable lords<BR>
Afford me, <i>assassinated</i> and betrayed.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To kill; murder; slay. See <u>Kill</u>.</p>

<p><hw>As*sas"sin*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>assassinat</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An assassination, murder, or
murderous assault.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If I had made an <i>assassinate</i> upon your father.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assassin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sas`si*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
assassinating; a killing by treacherous violence.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sas"si*na`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
assassin.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sas"sin*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Murderous.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sas"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>assatio</i>, fr. L. <i>assare</i> to roast.] <def>Roasting.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sault"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>asaut</i>,
<i>assaut</i>, OF. <i>assaut</i>, <i>asalt</i>, F. <i>assaut</i>, LL.
<i>assaltus</i>; L. <i>ad</i> + <i>saltus</i> a leaping, a springing,
<i>salire</i> to leap. See <u>Assail</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
violent onset or attack with physical means, as blows, weapons, etc.; an
onslaught; the rush or charge of an attacking force; onset; as, to make
<i>assault</i> upon a man, a house, or a town.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Spanish general prepared to renew the
<i>assault</i>.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Unshaken bears the <i>assault</i><BR>
Of their most dreaded foe, the strong southwest.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A violent onset or attack with moral weapons, as
words, arguments, appeals, and the like; as, to make an <i>assault</i> on
the prerogatives of a prince, or on the constitution of a government.</def>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An apparently violent attempt, or
willful offer with force or violence, to do hurt to another; an attempt or
offer to beat another, accompanied by a degree of violence, but without
touching his person, as by lifting the fist, or a cane, in a threatening
manner, or by striking at him, and missing him. If the blow aimed takes
effect, it is a <i>battery</i>.</def>  <i>Blackstone. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Practically, however, the word <i>assault</i> is used to
include the battery.<BR>
<i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Attack; invasion; incursion; descent; onset; onslaught;
charge; storm.</p>

<p><hw>As*sault"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Assaulted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Assaulting</u>.] [From <u>Assault</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf. OF.
<i>assaulter</i>, LL. <i>assaltare</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make an
assault upon, as by a sudden rush of armed men; to attack with unlawful or
insulting physical violence or menaces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Insnared, <i>assaulted</i>, overcome, led bound.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attack with moral means, or with a view of
producing moral effects; to attack by words, arguments, or unfriendly
measures; to assail; as, to <i>assault</i> a reputation or an
administration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before the gates, the cries of babes newborn, . . . <BR>
<i>Assault</i> his ears.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In the latter sense, <i>assail</i> is more common.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To attack; assail; invade; encounter; storm; charge. See
<u>Attack</u>.</p>

<p><hw>As*sault"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being assaulted.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sault"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who assaults,
or violently attacks; an assailant.</def>  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*say"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>asai</i>,
<i>essai</i>, trial, F. <i>essa</i>. See <u>Essay</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Trial; attempt; essay.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am withal persuaded that it may prove much more easy in
the <i>assay</i> than it now seems at distance.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Examination and determination; test; as, an
<i>assay</i> of bread or wine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This can not be, by no <i>assay</i> of reason.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Trial by danger or by affliction; adventure;
risk; hardship; state of being tried.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Through many hard <i>assays</i> which did betide.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Tested purity or value.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With gold and pearl of rich <i>assay</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Metallurgy)</i> <def>The act or process of
ascertaining the proportion of a particular metal in an ore or alloy;
especially, the determination of the proportion of gold or silver in
bullion or coin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The alloy or metal to be assayed.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><i>Assay</i> and <i>essay</i> are radically the same word; but modern
usage has appropriated <i>assay</i> chiefly to experiments in metallurgy,
and <i>essay</i> to intellectual and bodily efforts. See <u>Essay</u>.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Assay</i> is used adjectively or as the first part of a
compound; as, <i>assay</i> balance, <i>assay</i> furnace.</p>

<p><col><b>Assay master</b></col>, <cd>an officer who assays or tests gold
or silver coin or bullion.</cd> -- <col><b>Assay ton</b></col>, <cd>a
weight of 29,166&frac23; grams.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As*say"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Assayed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Assaying</u>.] [OF. <i>asaier</i>, <i>essaier</i>, F. <i>essayer</i>,
fr. <i>essai</i>. See <u>Assay</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Essay</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To try; to attempt; to
apply.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>To-night let us <i>assay</i> our plot.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Soft words to his fierce passion she <i>assayed</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To affect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When the heart is ill <i>assayed</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To try tasting, as food or drink.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To subject, as an ore, alloy, or other metallic
compound, to chemical or metallurgical examination, in order to determine
the amount of a particular metal contained in it, or to ascertain its
composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*say"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To attempt, try, or
endeavor.</def> [Archaic. In this sense <i>essay</i> is now commonly
used.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She thrice <i>assayed</i> to speak.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*say"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
assayed.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*say"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who assays.
Specifically: One who examines metallic ores or compounds, for the purpose
of determining the amount of any particular metal in the same, especially
of gold or silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*say"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
testing, esp. of analyzing or examining metals and ores, to determine the
proportion of pure metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Asse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small foxlike animal (<i>Vulpes cama</i>) of South Africa, valued for its
fur.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`se*cu*ra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>assecuratio</i>, fr. <i>assecurare</i>.] <def>Assurance;
certainty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>As`se*cure"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>assecurare</i>.] <def>To make sure or safe; to assure.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>As`se*cu"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ass&eacute;cution</i>, fr. L. <i>assequi</i> to obtain; <i>ad</i> +
<i>sequi</i> to follow.] <def>An obtaining or acquiring.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>As"se*gai</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Assagai</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sem"blage</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>assemblage</i>.
See <u>Assemble</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of assembling, or the
state of being assembled; association.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In sweet <i>assemblage</i> every blooming grace.<BR>
<i>Fenton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of individuals, or of individuals,
or of particular things; as, a political <i>assemblage</i>; an
<i>assemblage</i> of ideas.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Company; group; collection; concourse; gathering;
meeting; convention.  <u>Assemblage</u>, <u>Assembly</u>. An
<i>assembly</i> consists only of persons; an <i>assemblage</i> may be
composed of things as well as persons, as, an <i>assemblage</i> of
incoherent objects. Nor is every <i>assemblage</i> of persons an
<i>assembly</i>; since the latter term denotes a body who have met, and are
acting, in concert for some common end, such as to hear, to deliberate, to
unite in music, dancing, etc. An <i>assemblage</i> of skaters on a lake, or
of horse jockeys at a race course, is not an <i>assembly</i>, but might be
turned into one by collecting into a body with a view to discuss and decide
as to some object of common interest.</p>

<p><hw>As*sem"blance</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>assemblance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resemblance; likeness;
appearance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Care I for the . . . stature, bulk, and big
<i>assemblance</i> of a man? Give me the spirit.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assembling; assemblage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To weete [know] the cause of their <i>assemblance</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sem"ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Assembled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Assembling</u> (&?;).] [F. <i>assembler</i>, fr. LL. <i>assimulare</i>
to bring together to collect; L. <i>ad</i> + <i>simul</i> together; akin to
<i>similis</i> like, Gr. &?; at the same time, and E. <i>same</i>. Cf.
<u>Assimilate</u>, <u>Same</u>.] <def>To collect into one place or body; to
bring or call together; to convene; to congregate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thither he <i>assembled</i> all his train.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>All the men of Israel <i>assembled</i> themselves.<BR>
<i>1 Kings viii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sem"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To meet or come
together, as a number of individuals; to convene; to congregate.</def>
 <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Parliament <i>assembled</i> in November.<BR>
<i>W. Massey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sem"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To liken; to
compare.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bribes may be <i>assembled</i> to pitch.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sem"bler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who assembles
a number of individuals; also, one of a number assembled.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sem"bly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Assemblies</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>assembl&eacute;e</i>, fr.
<i>assembler</i>. See <u>Assemble</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A company
of persons collected together in one place, and usually for some common
purpose, esp. for deliberation and legislation, for worship, or for social
entertainment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of inanimate objects.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A beat of the drum or sound of the
bugle as a signal to troops to assemble.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In some of the United States, the legislature, or the popular
branch of it, is called the <i>Assembly</i>, or the <i>General
Assembly</i>. In the Presbyterian Church, the <i>General Assembly</i> is
the highest ecclesiastical tribunal, composed of ministers and ruling
elders delegated from each presbytery; as, the <i>General Assembly</i> of
the Presbyterian Church in the United States, or of Scotland.</p>

<p><! p. 91  !></p>

<p><col><b>Assembly room</b></col>, <cd>a room in which persons assemble,
especially for dancing.</cd> -- <col><b>Unlawful assembly</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a meeting of three or more persons on a common plan, in
such a way as to cause a reasonable apprehension that they will disturb the
peace tumultuously.</cd> -- <col><b>Westminster Assembly</b></col>, <cd>a
convocation, consisting chiefly of divines, which, by act of Parliament,
assembled July 1, 1643, and remained in session some years. It framed the
"Confession of Faith," the "Larger Catechism," and the "Shorter Catechism,"
which are still received as authority by Presbyterians, and are
substantially accepted by Congregationalists.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Assemblage</u>.</p>

<p><hw>As*sem"bly*man</hw> (&abreve;s*s&ebreve;m"bl&ybreve;*m<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Assemblymen</b></plw> (-
m<i>e</i>n). <def>A member of an assembly, especially of the lower branch
of a state legislature.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sent"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Assented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Assenting</u>.] [F. <i>assentir</i>, L. <i>assentire</i>,
<i>assentiri</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>sentire</i> to feel, think. See
<u>Sense</u>.] <def>To admit a thing as true; to express one's agreement,
acquiescence, concurrence, or concession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who informed the governor . . . And the Jews also
<i>assented</i>, saying that these things were so.<BR>
<i>Acts xxiv. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The princess <i>assented</i> to all that was suggested.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To yield; agree; acquiesce; concede; concur.</p>

<p><hw>As*sent"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>assent</i>, fr.
<i>assentir</i>. See <u>Assent</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>The act of
assenting; the act of the mind in admitting or agreeing to anything;
concurrence with approval; consent; agreement; acquiescence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Faith is the <i>assent</i> to any proposition, on the credit
of the proposer.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>assent</i>, if not the approbation, of the
prince.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Too many people read this ribaldry with <i>assent</i> and
admiration.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Royal assent</b></col>, <cd>in England, the assent of the
sovereign to a bill which has passed both houses of Parliament, after which
it becomes law.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Concurrence; acquiescence; approval; accord.  --
<u>Assent</u>, <u>Consent</u>. <i>Assent</i> is an act of the
understanding, <i>consent</i> of the will or feelings. We <i>assent</i> to
the views of others when our minds come to the same conclusion with theirs
as to what is true, right, or admissible. We <i>consent</i> when there is
such a concurrence of our will with their desires and wishes that we decide
to comply with their requests. The king of England gives his <i>assent</i>,
not his <i>consent</i>, to acts of Parliament, because, in theory at least,
he is not governed by personal feelings or choice, but by a deliberate,
judgment as to the common good. We also use <i>assent</i> in cases where a
proposal is made which involves but little interest or feeling. A lady may
<i>assent</i> to a gentleman's opening the window; but if he offers himself
in marriage, he must wait for her <i>consent</i>.</p>

<p><hw>As`sen*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>assentatio</i>. See <u>Assent</u>, v.] <def>Insincere, flattering, or
obsequious assent; hypocritical or pretended concurrence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abject flattery and indiscriminate <i>assentation</i>
degrade as much as indiscriminate contradiction and noisy debate
disgust.<BR>
<i>Ld. Chesterfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As`sen*ta"tor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>assentari</i>
to assent constantly.] <def>An obsequious; a flatterer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>As*sent"a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Flattering;
obsequious.</def> [Obs.]  -- <wf>As*sent"a*to*ri*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>As*sent"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
assents.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sen"tient</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Assenting.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sent"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving or implying
assent.</def>  -- <wf>As*sent"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>As*sent"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving assent; of
the nature of assent; complying.</def>  -- <wf>As*sent"ive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>As*sent"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Assent;
agreement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>As*sert"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Asserted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Asserting</u>.] [L. <i>assertus</i>, p. p. of <i>asserere</i> to join or
fasten to one's self, claim, maintain; <i>ad</i> + <i>serere</i> to join or
bind together. See <u>Series</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To affirm; to
declare with assurance, or plainly and strongly; to state positively; to
aver; to asseverate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing is more shameful . . . than to <i>assert</i>
anything to be done without a cause.<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To maintain; to defend.</def> [Obs. or
Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>That . . . I may <i>assert</i> Eternal Providence,<BR>
And justify the ways of God to men.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>assert</i> it from the scandal.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To maintain or defend, as a cause or a claim, by
words or measures; to vindicate a claim or title to; as, to <i>assert</i>
our rights and liberties.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To assert one's self</b></col>, <cd>to claim or vindicate one's
rights or position; to demand recognition.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To affirm; aver; asseverate; maintain; protest;
pronounce; declare; vindicate.  -- To <u>Assert</u>, <u>Affirm</u>,
<u>Maintain</u>, <u>Vindicate</u>. To <i>assert</i> is to fasten to one's
self, and hence to <i>claim</i>. It is, therefore, adversative in its
nature. We <i>assert</i> our rights and privileges, or the cause of tree
institutions, as against opposition or denial. To <i>affirm</i> is to
declare as true. We <i>assert</i> boldly; we <i>affirm</i> positively. To
<i>maintain</i> is to uphold, and insist upon with earnestness, whatever we
have once asserted; as, to <i>maintain</i> one's cause, to <i>maintain</i>
an argument, to <i>maintain</i> the ground we have taken. To
<i>vindicate</i> is to use language and measures of the strongest kind, in
defense of ourselves and those for whom we act. We <i>maintain</i> our
assertions by adducing proofs, facts, or arguments; we are ready to
<i>vindicate</i> our rights or interests by the utmost exertion of our
powers.</p>

<p><hw>As*sert"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who asserts;
one who avers pr maintains; an assertor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inflexible <i>asserter</i> of the rights of the
church.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*ser"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>assertio</i>,
fr. <i>asserere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of asserting, or that
which is asserted; positive declaration or averment; affirmation; statement
asserted; position advanced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a difference between <i>assertion</i> and
demonstration.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Maintenance; vindication; as, the
<i>assertion</i> of one's rights or prerogatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sert"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Positive;
affirming confidently; affirmative; peremptory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a confident and <i>assertive</i> form.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><wf>As*sert"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>As*sert"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>As*sert"or</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>asserere</i>.] <def>One who asserts or avers; one who maintains or
vindicates a claim or a right; an affirmer, supporter, or vindicator; a
defender; an asserter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>assertors</i> of liberty said not a word.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Faithful <i>assertor</i> of thy country's cause.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As`ser*to"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Asserting that
a thing <i>is</i>; -- opposed to <i>problematical</i> and
<i>apodeictical</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sert"o*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>assertorius</i>, fr. <i>asserere</i>.] <def>Affirming;
maintaining.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arguments . . . <i>assertory</i>, not probatory.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>assertory</i>, not a promissory, declaration.<BR>
<i>Bentham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A proposition is <i>assertory</i>, when it enounces what is
known as actual.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sess"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Assessed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Assessing</u>.] [OF. <i>assesser</i> to regulate, settle, LL.
<i>assessare</i> to value for taxation, fr. L. <i>assidere</i>, supine as
if <i>assessum</i>, to sit by, esp. of judges in a court, in LL. to assess,
tax. Cf. <u>Assize</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Cess</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To value; to make a valuation or official estimate
of for the purpose of taxation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To apportion a sum to be paid by (a person, a
community, or an estate), in the nature of a tax, fine, etc.; to impose a
tax upon (a person, an estate, or an income) according to a rate or
apportionment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To determine and impose a tax or fine upon (a
person, community, estate, or income); to tax; as, the club <i>assessed</i>
each member twenty-five cents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fix or determine the rate or amount
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This sum is <i>assessed</i> and raised upon individuals by
commissioners in the act.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sess"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to be
assessed or taxed; as, <i>assessable</i> property.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`sess*ee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
assessed.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*ses"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>assessio</i>,
fr. <i>assid&?;re</i> to sit by or near; <i>ad</i> + <i>sed&?;re</i> to
sit. See <u>Sit</u>.] <def>A sitting beside or near.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sess"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>assessamentum</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of assessing; the
act of determining an amount to be paid; as, an <i>assessment</i> of
damages, or of taxes; an <i>assessment</i> of the members of a
club.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A valuation of property or profits of business,
for the purpose of taxation; such valuation and an adjudging of the proper
sum to be levied on the property; as, an <i>assessment</i> of property or
an <i>assessment</i> on property.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An <i>assessment</i> is a valuation made by authorized persons
according to their discretion, as opposed to a sum certain or determined by
law. It is a valuation of the property of those who are to pay the tax, for
the purpose of fixing the proportion which each man shall pay.
<i>Blackstone. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The specific sum levied or assessed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An apportionment of a subscription for stock
into successive installments; also, one of these installments (in England
termed a "call").</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>As*sess"or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., one who sits beside, the
assistant of a judge, fr. <i>assid&?;re</i>. See <u>Assession</u>. LL., one
who arranges of determines the taxes, fr. <i>assid&?;re</i>. See
<u>Assess</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Cessor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One appointed or elected to assist a judge or
magistrate with his special knowledge of the subject to be decided; as
legal <i>assessors</i>, nautical <i>assessors</i>.</def>  <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who sits by another, as next in dignity, or
as an assistant and adviser; an associate in office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whence to his Son,<BR>
The <i>assessor</i> of his throne, he thus began.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>With his ignorance, his inclinations, and his fancy, as his
<i>assessors</i> in judgment.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One appointed to assess persons or property for
the purpose of taxation.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>As`ses*so"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>assessorial</i>, fr. L. <i>assessor</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to an
assessor, or to a court of assessors.</def>  <i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sess"or*ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
function of an assessor.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"set</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any article or
separable part of one's assets.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"sets</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OF. <i>asez</i>
enough, F. <i>assez</i>, fr. L. <i>ad</i> + <i>satis</i>, akin to Gr. &?;
enough, Goth. <i>saps</i> full. Cf. <u>Assai</u>, <u>Satisfy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Property of a
deceased person, subject by law to the payment of his debts and legacies; -
- called <i>assets</i> because <i>sufficient</i> to render the executor or
administrator liable to the creditors and legatees, so far as such goods or
estate may extend.</def> <i>Story.</i> <i>Blackstone.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Effects of an insolvent debtor or bankrupt,
applicable to the payment of debts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The entire property of all sorts, belonging to a
person, a corporation, or an estate; as, the <i>assets</i> of a merchant or
a trading association; -- opposed to <i>liabilities</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In balancing accounts the <i>assets</i> are put on the Cr. side
and the debts on the Dr. side.</p>

<p><hw>As*sev"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>asseverer</i>, fr. L. <i>asseverare</i>.] <def>See
<u>Asseverate</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>As*sev"er*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Asseverated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Asseverating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>asseveratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>asseverare</i> to assert seriously or earnestly; <i>ad</i> +
<i>severus</i>. See <u>Severe</u>.] <def>To affirm or aver positively, or
with solemnity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To affirm; aver; protest; declare. See <u>Affirm</u>.</p>

<p><hw>As*sev`er*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>asseveratio</i>.] <def>The act of asseverating, or that which is
asseverated; positive affirmation or assertion; solemn
declaration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Another abuse of the tongue I might add, -- vehement
<i>asseverations</i> upon slight and trivial occasions.<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sev"er*a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
asseveration; asserting positively.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sev"er*a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Asseverative.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sib"i*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>assibilatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>assibilare</i> to hiss out; <i>ad</i> + <i>sibilare</i> to
hiss.] <def>To make sibilant; to change to a sibilant.</def>  <i>J.
Peile.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sib`i*la"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Change of a non-
sibilant letter to a sibilant, as of -<i>tion</i> to -<i>shun</i>,
<i>duke</i> to <i>ditch</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`si*de"an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>kh&amacr;sad</i> to
be pious.] <def>One of a body of devoted Jews who opposed the Hellenistic
Jews, and supported the Asmoneans.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"si*dent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>assidens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>assid&?;re</i> to sit by: cf. F. <i>assident</i>. See
<u>Assession</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Usually attending a disease, but not
always; as, <i>assident</i> signs, or symptoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sid"u*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>assiduatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>assiduare</i> to use assiduously.] <def>Unremitting;
assiduous.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Assiduate</i> labor."  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>As`si*du"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Assiduities</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>assiduitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>assiduite</i>. See <u>Assiduous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Constant
or close application or attention, particularly to some business or
enterprise; diligence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have, with much pains and <i>assiduity</i>, qualified
myself for a nomenclator.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Studied and persevering attention to a person; -
- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sid"u*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>assiduus</i>,
fr. <i>assid&?;re</i> to sit near or close; <i>ad</i> + <i>sed&emacr;re</i>
to sit. See <u>Sit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Constant in application or
attention; devoted; attentive; unremitting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She grows more <i>assiduous</i> in her attendance.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Performed with constant diligence or attention;
unremitting; persistent; as, <i>assiduous</i> labor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To weary him with my <i>assiduous</i> cries.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diligent; attentive; sedulous; unwearied; unintermitted;
persevering; laborious; indefatigable.</p>

<p><wf>As*sid"u*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>As*sid"u*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>As*siege"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>asegen</i>,
OF. <i>asegier</i>, F. <i>assi&eacute;ger</i>, fr. LL. <i>assediare</i>,
<i>assidiare</i>, to besiege. See <u>Siege</u>.] <def>To besiege.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Assieged</i> castles."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*siege"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A siege.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>As`si*en"tist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>assientiste</i>,
Sp. <i>asentista</i>.] <def>A shareholder of the Assiento company; one of
the parties to the Assiento contract.</def>  <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>||As`si*en"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>asiento</i>
seat, contract or agreement, fr. <i>asentar</i> to place on a chair, to
adjust, to make an agreement; <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>sentar</i>, a
participial verb; as if there were a L. <i>sedentare</i> to cause to sit,
fr. <i>sedens</i>, <i>sedentis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sed&?;re</i> to sit.]
<def>A contract or convention between Spain and other powers for furnishing
negro slaves for the Spanish dominions in America, esp. the contract made
with Great Britain in 1713.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sign"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Assigned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Assigning</u>.] [OE. <i>assignen</i>, <i>asignen</i>, F.
<i>assigner</i>, fr. L. <i>assignare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>signare</i> to
mark, mark out, designate, <i>signum</i> mark, sign. See <u>Sign</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To appoint; to allot; to apportion; to make
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the order I <i>assign</i> to them.<BR>
<i>Loudon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The man who could feel thus was worthy of a better station
than that in which his lot had been <i>assigned</i>.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>assigned</i> to his men their several posts.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fix, specify, select, or designate; to point
out authoritatively or exactly; as, to <i>assign</i> a limit; to
<i>assign</i> counsel for a prisoner; to <i>assign</i> a day for
trial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All as the dwarf the way to her <i>assigned</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not easy to <i>assign</i> a period more eventful.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To transfer, or make over to
another, esp. to transfer to, and vest in, certain persons, called
<i>assignees</i>, for the benefit of creditors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To assign dower</b></col>, <cd>to set out by metes and bounds
the widow's share or portion in an estate.</cd>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sign"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Assign</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A thing pertaining or belonging to something
else; an appurtenance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Six French rapiers and poniards, with their <i>assigns</i>,
as girdles, hangers, and so.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sign"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Assignee</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A person to whom property or an interest is transferred;
as, a deed to a man and his heirs and <i>assigns</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sign`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being assignable.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sign"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
assigned, allotted, specified, or designated; as, an <i>assignable</i> note
or bill; an <i>assignable</i> reason; an <i>assignable</i>
quantity.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As`si`gnat"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>assignat</i>, fr. L. <i>assignatus</i>, p. p. of <i>assignare</i>.]
<def>One of the notes, bills, or bonds, issued as currency by the
revolutionary government of France (1790-1796), and based on the security
of the lands of the church and of nobles which had been appropriated by the
state.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`sig*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>assignatio</i>, fr. <i>assignare</i>: cf. F. <i>assignation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of assigning or allotting;
apportionment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This order being taken in the senate, as touching the
appointment and <i>assignation</i> of those provinces.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An appointment of time and place for meeting or
interview; -- used chiefly of love interviews, and now commonly in a bad
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While nymphs take treats, or <i>assignations</i> give.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A making over by transfer of title;
assignment.</def></p>

<p><col><b>House of assignation</b></col>, <cd>a house in which
appointments for sexual intercourse are fulfilled.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As`sign*ee"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>assign&eacute;</i>, p.
p. of <i>assigner</i>. See <u>Assign</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Assign</u> an assignee.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A person
to whom an assignment is made; a person appointed or deputed by another to
do some act, perform some business, or enjoy some right, privilege, or
property; as, an <i>assignee</i> of a bankrupt. See <u>Assignment</u>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd>.   An assignee may be by special appointment or deed,
or be created by jaw; as an executor.</def> <i>Cowell.</i>  <i>Blount.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>In England, the persons appointed,
under a commission of bankruptcy, to manage the estate of a bankrupt for
the benefit of his creditors.</def></p>

<p><! p. 92  !></p>

<p><hw>As*sign"er</hw> (&abreve;s*s&imacr;n"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who assigns, appoints, allots, or
apportions.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sign"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>assignamentum</i>: cf. OF. <i>assenement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An allotting or an appointment to a particular person or use; or for a
particular time, as of a cause or causes in court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A transfer of
title or interest by writing, as of lease, bond, note, or bill of exchange;
a transfer of the whole of some particular estate or interest in
lands.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The writing by which an interest is
transferred.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The transfer of the property
of a bankrupt to certain persons called <i>assignees</i>, in whom it is
vested for the benefit of creditors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Assignment of dower</b></col>, <cd>the setting out by metes and
bounds of the widow's thirds or portion in the deceased husband's estate,
and allotting it to her.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Assignment</i> is also used in law as convertible with
<i>specification</i>; assignment of error in proceedings for review being
specification of error; and assignment of perjury or fraud in indictment
being specifications of perjury or fraud.</p>

<p><hw>As`sign*or"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>assignator</i>.
Cf. <u>Assigner</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>An assigner; a person who assigns
or transfers an interest; as, the <i>assignor</i> of a debt or other chose
in action.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sim`i*la*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being assimilable.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sim"i*la*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
assimilated; that may be likened, or appropriated and
incorporated.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sim"i*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Assimilated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Assimilating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>assimilatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>assimilare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>similare</i> to make like, <i>similis</i>
like. See <u>Similar</u>, <u>Assemble</u>, <u>Assimilate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring to a likeness or to conformity; to cause a
resemblance between.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>assimilate</i> our law to the law of Scotland.<BR>
<i>John Bright.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Fast falls a fleecy; the downy flakes<BR>
<i>Assimilate</i> all objects.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To liken; to compa&?;e.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To appropriate and transform or incorporate into
the substance of the assimilating body; to absorb or appropriate, as
nourishment; as, food is <i>assimilated</i> and converted into organic
tissue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hence also animals and vegetables may <i>assimilate</i>
their nourishment.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His mind had no power to <i>assimilate</i> the lessons.<BR>
<i>Merivale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sim"i*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become similar or like something else.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change and appropriate nourishment so as to
make it a part of the substance of the assimilating body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Aliment easily <i>assimilated</i> or turned into blood.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be converted into the substance of the
assimilating body; to become incorporated; as, some kinds of food
<i>assimilate</i> more readily than others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a foreign material, and cannot <i>assimilate</i> with
the church of England.<BR>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sim`i*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>assimilatio</i>: cf. F. <i>assimilation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of assimilating or bringing to a resemblance,
likeness, or identity; also, the state of being so assimilated; as, the
<i>assimilation</i> of one sound to another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To aspire to an <i>assimilation</i> with God.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>assimilation</i> of gases and vapors.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The conversion of nutriment
into the fluid or solid substance of the body, by the processes of
digestion and absorption, whether in plants or animals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not conversing the body, not repairing it by
<i>assimilation</i>, but preserving it by ventilation.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>assimilation</i> has been limited by some to the
final process by which the nutritive matter of the blood is converted into
the substance of the tissues and organs.</p>

<p><hw>As*sim"i*la*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>assimilativus</i>, F. <i>assimilatif</i>.] <def>Tending to, or
characterized by, assimilation; that assimilates or causes assimilation;
as, an <i>assimilative</i> process or substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sim"i*la*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
assimilate, or produce assimilation; as, <i>assimilatory</i>
organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sim"u*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>assimulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>assimulare</i>, equiv. to
<i>assimilare</i>. See <u>Assimilate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feign; to counterfeit; to simulate; to
resemble.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assimilate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sim`u*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>assimulatio</i>, equiv. to <i>assimilatio</i>.] <def>Assimilation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>As`si*ne"go</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Asinego</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ass"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling an ass;
asinine; stupid or obstinate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such . . . appear to be of the <i>assich</i> kind . . . <BR>
<i>Udall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sist"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Assisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Assisting</u>.] [L. <i>assistere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>sistere</i> to
cause to stand, to stand, from <i>stare</i> to stand: cf. F.
<i>assister</i>. See <u>Stand</u>.] <def>To give support to in some
undertaking or effort, or in time of distress; to help; to aid; to
succor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Assist</i> me, knight. I am undone!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To help; aid; second; back; support; relieve; succor;
befriend; sustain; favor. See <u>Help</u>.</p>

<p><hw>As*sist"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
lend aid; to help.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With God not parted from him, as was feared,<BR>
But favoring and <i>assisting</i> to the end.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be present as a spectator; as, to
<i>assist</i> at a public meeting.</def> [A Gallicism]  <i>Gibbon.
Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sist"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>assistance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of assisting; help;
aid; furtherance; succor; support.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without the <i>assistance</i> of a mortal hand.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assistant or helper; a body of helpers.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wat Tyler [was] killed by valiant Walworth, the lord mayor
of London, and his <i>assistance</i>, . . . John Cavendish.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Persons present.</def> [Obs. or a Gallicism]</p>

<p><hw>As*sist"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>assistant</i>, p. pr. of <i>assister</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Helping; lending aid or support; auxiliary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Genius and learning . . . are mutually and greatly
<i>assistant</i> to each other.<BR>
<i>Beattie.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Of the second grade in the staff
of the army; as, an <i>assistant surgeon</i>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p>&fist; In the English army it designates the third grade in any
particular branch of the staff.  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sist"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, assists; a helper; an auxiliary; a means of
help.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Four <i>assistants</i> who his labor share.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Rhymes merely as <i>assistants</i> to memory.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Chapone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An attendant; one who is present.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sist"ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner to give
aid.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>As*sist"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assistant; a
helper.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sist"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Helpful.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sist"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lending aid,
helping.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sist"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without aid or
help.</def> [R.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sist"or</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
assister.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sith"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Assythment</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>As*size"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>assise</i>,
<i>asise</i>, OF. <i>assise</i>, F. <i>assises</i>, assembly of judges, the
decree pronounced by them, tax, impost, fr. <i>assis</i>, <i>assise</i>, p.
p. of <i>asseoir</i>, fr. L. <i>assid&?;re</i> to sit by; <i>ad</i> +
<i>sed&emacr;re</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>, <u>Size</u>, and cf.
<u>Excise</u>, <u>Assess</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An assembly of
knights and other substantial men, with a bailiff or justice, in a certain
place and at a certain time, for public business.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A special kind
of jury or inquest.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind of writ or real
action.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A verdict or finding of a jury upon
such writ.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A statute or ordinance in
general. Specifically: (1) A statute regulating the weight, measure, and
proportions of ingredients and the price of articles sold in the market;
as, the <i>assize</i> of bread and other provisions; (2) A statute fixing
the standard of weights and measures.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<def>Anything fixed or reduced to a certainty in point of time, number,
quantity, quality, weight, measure, etc.; as, rent of <i>assize</i>.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i>  <i>Spelman.</i> <i>Cowell.</i>  <i>Blackstone.</i>
<i>Tomlins.</i>   <i>Burrill.</i> [This term is not now used in England in
the sense of a writ or real action, and seldom of a jury of any kind, but
in Scotch practice it is still technically applied to the jury in criminal
cases. <i>Stephen.</i> <i>Burrill.</i> <i>Erskine.</i>] <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
<def>A court, the sitting or session of a court, for the trial of
processes, whether civil or criminal, by a judge and jury.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i> <i>Wharton.</i> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd>
<def>The periodical sessions of the judges of the superior courts in every
county of England for the purpose of administering justice in the trial and
determination of civil and criminal cases; -- usually in the plural.</def>
<i>Brande.</i> <i>Wharton.</i> <i>Craig.</i> <i>Burrill.</i>
<sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>The time or place of holding the court of assize;
-- generally in the plural, <i>assizes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Measure; dimension; size.</def>   [In this sense
now corrupted into <i>size</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An hundred cubits high by just <i>assize</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>[Formerly written, as in French, <i>assise</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>As*size"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Assized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Assizing</u>.] [From <u>Assize</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf. LL.
<i>assisare</i> to decree in assize. Cf. <u>Asses</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To assess; to value; to
rate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fix the weight, measure, or price of, by an
ordinance or regulation of authority.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>As*siz"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An officer who has
the care or inspection of weights and measures, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*siz"or</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A
juror.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*so"ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ad-</i> +
<i>sober</i>. Cf. <u>Ensober</u>.] <def>To make or keep sober.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*so`cia*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being associable, or capable of association; associableness.</def> "The
<i>associability</i> of feelings."  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*so"cia*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Associate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being associated or
joined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We know feelings to be <i>associable</i> only by the proved
ability of one to revive another.<BR>
<i>H. Spencer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sociable; companionable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Liable to be affected by sympathy
with other parts; -- said of organs, nerves, muscles, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stomach, the most <i>associable</i> of all the organs of
the animal body.<BR>
<i>Med. Rep.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*so"cia*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Associability.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*so"ci*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Associated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Associating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>associatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>associare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>sociare</i> to join or unite,
<i>socius</i> companion. See <u>Social</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
join with one, as a friend, companion, partner, or confederate; as, to
<i>associate</i> others with us in business, or in an enterprise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To join or connect; to combine in acting; as,
particles of gold <i>associated</i> with other substances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To connect or place together in
thought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He succeeded in <i>associating</i> his name inseparably with
some names which will last as long as our language.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To accompany; to keep company with.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Friends should <i>associate</i> friends in grief and
woe.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*so"ci*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To unite in company; to keep company, implying intimacy; as, congenial
minds are disposed to <i>associate</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite in action, or to be affected by the
action of a different part of the body.</def>  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*so"ci*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>associatus</i>,
p. p.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Closely connected or joined with some other,
as in interest, purpose, employment, or office; sharing responsibility or
authority; as, an <i>associate</i> judge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While I descend . . . to my <i>associate</i> powers.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Admitted to some, but not to all, rights and
privileges; as, an <i>associate</i> member.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Connected by habit or
sympathy; as, <i>associate</i> motions, such as occur sympathetically, in
consequence of preceding motions.</def>  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*so"ci*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
companion; one frequently in company with another, implying intimacy or
equality; a mate; a fellow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A partner in interest, as in business; or a
confederate in a league.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One connected with an association or institution
without the full rights or privileges of a regular member; as, an
<i>associate</i> of the Royal Academy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything closely or usually connected with
another; an concomitant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The one [idea] no sooner comes into the understanding, than
its <i>associate</i> appears with it.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Companion; mate; fellow; friend; ally; partner;
coadjutor; comrade; accomplice.</p>

<p><hw>As*so"ci*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Joined as a
companion; brought into association; accompanying; combined.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Associated movements</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>consensual
movements which accompany voluntary efforts without our consciousness.</cd>
<i>Dunglison.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>As*so"ci*ate*ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
an associate, as in Academy or an office.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*so`ci*a"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>association</i>, LL. <i>associatio</i>, fr. L. <i>associare</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of associating, or state of being
associated; union; connection, whether of persons of things.</def> "Some .
. . bond of <i>association</i>."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Self-denial is a kind of holy <i>association</i> with
God.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mental connection, or that which is mentally
linked or associated with a thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Words . . . must owe their powers <i>association</i>.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should . . . the holiest words, with all their venerable
<i>associations</i>, be profaned?<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Union of persons in a company or society for
some particular purpose; as, the American <i>Association</i> for the
Advancement of Science; a benevolent <i>association</i>.  Specifically, as
among the Congregationalists, a society, consisting of a number of
ministers, generally the pastors of neighboring churches, united for
promoting the interests of religion and the harmony of the
churches.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Association of ideas</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the
combination or connection of states of mind or their objects with one
another, as the result of which one is said to be revived or represented by
means of the other. The relations according to which they are thus
connected or revived are called the <i>law of association</i>. Prominent
among them are reckoned the relations of time and place, and of cause and
effect.</cd>  <i>Porter.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*so`ci*a"tion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to association, or to an
association.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the theory held by the
associationists.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*so`ci*a"tion*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The doctrine or theory held by
associationists.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*so`ci*a"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Philos.)</i>
<def>One who explains the higher functions and relations of the soul by the
association of ideas; <i>e. g.</i>, Hartley, J. C. Mill.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*so"ci*a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
quality of associating; tending or leading to association; as, the
<i>associative</i> faculty.</def>  <i>Hugh Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*so"ci*a`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An associate; a
confederate or partner in any scheme.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How Pennsylvania's air agrees with Quakers,<BR>
And Carolina's with <i>associators</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*soil"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>assoiler</i>,
<i>absoiler</i>, <i>assoldre</i>, F. <i>absoudre</i>, L. <i>absolvere</i>.
See <u>Absolve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set free; to release.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Till from her hands the spright <i>assoiled</i> is.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To solve; to clear up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Any child might soon be able to <i>assoil</i> this
riddle.<BR>
<i>Bp. Jewel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set free from guilt; to absolve.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Acquitted and <i>assoiled</i> from the guilt.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Many persons think themselves fairly <i>assoiled</i>,
because they are . . . not of scandalous lives.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To expiate; to atone for.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let each act <i>assoil</i> a fault.<BR>
<i>E. Arnold.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To remove; to put off.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She soundly slept, and careful thoughts did quite
<i>assoil</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*soil"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ad-</i> +
<i>soil</i>.] <def>To soil; to stain.</def> [Obs. or Poet.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ne'er <i>assoil</i> my cobwebbed shield.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*soil"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of assoiling,
or state of being assoiled; absolution; acquittal.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*soil"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soiling;
defilement.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*soil"zie</hw> (&?;), <hw>As*soil"yie</hw>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [Old form <i>assoil&yogh;e</i>. See <u>Assoil</u>.] <i>(Scots
Law)</i> <def>To absolve; to acquit by sentence of court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>assoilzie</i> him for the sin of bloodshed.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As"so*nance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>assonance</i>. See <u>Assonant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resemblance
of sound.</def> "The disagreeable <i>assonance</i> of &lsquo;sheath' and
&lsquo;sheathed.'"  <i>Steevens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A peculiar species of rhyme, in
which the last acce`ted vow`l and tnose whioh follow it in one word
correspond in sound with the vowels of another word, while the consonants
of the two words are unlike in sound; as, <i>calamo</i> and <i>platano</i>,
<i>baby</i> and <i>chary</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>assonance</i> is peculiar to the Spaniard.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Incomplete correspondence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Assonance</i> between facts seemingly remote.<BR>
<i>Lowell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As"so*nant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>assonans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>assonare</i> to sound to, to correspond to in sound; <i>ad</i> +
<i>sonare</i> to sound, <i>sonus</i> sound: cf. F. <i>assonant</i>. See
<u>Sound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a resemblance of
sounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the peculiar
species of rhyme called <i>assonance</i>; not consonant.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`so*nan"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Assonant.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"so*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>assonare</i>,
<i>assonatum</i>, to respond to.] <def>To correspond in sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sort"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Assorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Assorting</u>.] [F. <i>assortir</i>; <i>&?;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) +
<i>sortir</i> to cast or draw lots, to obtain by lot, L. <i>sortiri</i>,
fr. <i>sors</i>, <i>sortis</i>, lot. See <u>Sort</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To separate and distribute into classes, as things of a like kind,
nature, or quality, or which are suited to a like purpose; to classify; as,
to <i>assort</i> goods. [Rarely applied to persons.]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They appear . . . no ways <i>assorted</i> to those with whom
they must associate.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with, or make up of, various sorts or
a variety of goods; as, to <i>assort</i> a cargo.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sort"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To agree; to be in
accordance; to be adapted; to suit; to fall into a class or place.</def>
<i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><! p. 93  !></p>

<p><hw>As*sort"ed</hw> (&abreve;s*s&ocirc;rt"&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Selected; culled.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sort"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>assortiment</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of assorting, or
distributing into sorts, kinds, or classes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection or quantity of things distributed
into kinds or sorts; a number of things assorted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A collection containing a variety of sorts or
kinds adapted to various wants, demands, or purposes; as, an
<i>assortment</i> of goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sot"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>asoter</i>, F.
<i>assoter</i>; &?; (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>sot</i> stupid. See <u>Sot</u>.]
<def>To besot; to befool; to beguile; to infatuate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some ecstasy <i>assotted</i> had his sense.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sot"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dazed; foolish;
infatuated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Willie, I ween thou be <i>assot</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*suage"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Assuaged</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Assuaging</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>asuagen</i>, <i>aswagen</i>, OF.
<i>asoagier</i>, <i>asuagier</i>, fr. <i>assouagier</i>, fr. L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>suavis</i> sweet. See <u>Sweet</u>.] <def>To soften, in a figurative
sense; to allay, mitigate, ease, or lessen, as heat, pain, or grief; to
appease or pacify, as passion or tumult; to satisfy, as appetite or
desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Refreshing winds the summer's heat <i>assuage</i>.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>assuage</i> the sorrows of a desolate old man<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The fount at which the panting mind <i>assuages</i><BR>
Her thirst of knowledge.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To alleviate; mitigate; appease; soothe; calm;
tranquilize; relieve. See <u>Alleviate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>As*suage"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To abate or
subside.</def> [Archaic] "The waters <i>assuaged</i>."  <i>Gen. vii.
1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The plague being come to a crisis, its fury began to
<i>assuage</i>.<BR>
<i>De Foe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*suage"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>assouagement</i>, <i>asuagement</i>.] <def>Mitigation;
abatement.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sua"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, assuages.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sua"sive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>assuage</i>,
as if this were fr. a supposed L. <i>assuadere</i> to persuade to; or from
E. pref. <i>ad</i> + <i>-suasive</i> as in per<i>suasive</i>.]
<def>Mitigating; tranquilizing; soothing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Music her soft <i>assuasive</i> voice applies.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sub"ju*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ad-</i>
+ <i>subjugate</i>.] <def>To bring into subjection.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>As`sue*fac"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>assuefacere</i> to accustom to; <i>assuetus</i> (p. p. of
<i>assuescere</i> to accustom to) + <i>facere</i> to make; cf. OF.
<i>assuefaction</i>.] <def>The act of accustoming, or the state of being
accustomed; habituation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Custom and studies efform the soul like wax, and by
<i>assuefaction</i> introduce a nature.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As"sue*tude</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>assuetudo</i>,
fr. <i>assuetus</i> accustomed.] <def>Accustomedness; habit; habitual
use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Assuetude</i> of things hurtful doth make them lose their
force to hurt.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sum"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
assumed.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sum"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
assumption.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sume"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Assumed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Assuming</u>.] [L. <i>assumere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>sumere</i> to take;
<i>sub</i> + <i>emere</i> to take, buy: cf. F. <i>assumer</i>. See
<u>Redeem</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take to or upon one's self; to
take formally and demonstratively; sometimes, to appropriate or take
unjustly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trembling they stand while Jove <i>assumes</i> the
throne.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The god <i>assumed</i> his native form again.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take for granted, or without proof; to
suppose as a fact; to suppose or take arbitrarily or tentatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The consequences of <i>assumed</i> principles.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pretend to possess; to take in
appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ambition <i>assuming</i> the mask of religion.<BR>
<i>Porteus.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Assume</i> a virtue, if you have it not.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To receive or adopt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sixth was a young knight of lesser renown and lower
rank, <i>assumed</i> into that honorable company.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To arrogate; usurp; appropriate.</p>

<p><hw>As*sume"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be
arrogant or pretentious; to claim more than is due.</def>  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To undertake, as by a
promise.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sumed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Supposed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pretended; hypocritical; make-believe; as, an
<i>assumed</i> character.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sum"ed*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
assumption.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sum"ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>assumentum</i>,
fr. <i>ad</i> + <i>suere</i> to sew.] <def>A patch; an addition; a piece
put on.</def> [Obs.]  <i>John Lewis (1731).</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sum"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who assumes,
arrogates, pretends, or supposes.</def>  <i>W. D. Whitney.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sum"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pretentious; taking much
upon one's self; presumptuous.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>||As*sump"sit</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., he undertook,
pret. of L. <i>assumere</i>. See <u>Assume</u>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A promise or undertaking, founded on a
consideration. This promise may be oral or in writing not under seal. It
may be express or implied.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An action to
recover damages for a breach or nonperformance of a contract or promise,
express or implied, oral or in writing not under seal. Common or
<i>indebitatus assumpsit</i> is brought for the most part on an implied
promise. Special <i>assumpsit</i> is founded on an express promise or
undertaking.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sumpt"</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>assumptus</i>, p. p. of <i>assumere</i>. See <u>Assume</u>.] <def>To
take up; to elevate; to assume.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sumpt"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>assumptum</i>, p. p.
neut. of <i>assumere</i>.] <def>That which is assumed; an assumption.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sun of all your <i>assumpts</i> is this.<BR>
<i>Chillingworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sump"tion</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>assumpcioun</i> a taking up into heaven, L. <i>assumptio</i> a taking,
fr. <i>assumere</i>: cf. F. <i>assomption</i>. See <u>Assume</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of assuming, or taking to or upon one's
self; the act of taking up or adopting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>assumption</i> of authority.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of taking for granted, or supposing a
thing without proof; supposition; unwarrantable claim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This gives no sanction to the unwarrantable
<i>assumption</i> that the soul sleeps from the period of death to the
resurrection of the body.<BR>
<i>Thodey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That calm <i>assumption</i> of the virtues.<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The thing supposed; a postulate, or proposition
assumed; a supposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hold! says the Stoic; your <i>assumption's</i> wrong.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The minor or second proposition
in a categorical syllogism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The taking of a person up into heaven.</def>
Hence: <i>(Rom. Cath. &amp; Greek Churches)</i> <def>A festival in honor of the
ascent of the Virgin Mary into heaven.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sump"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>assumptivus</i>, fr. <i>assumptus</i>, fr. <i>assumere</i>.]
<def>Assumed, or capable of being assumed; characterized by assumption;
making unwarranted claims.</def>  -- <wf>As*sump"tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Assumptive arms</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>originally, arms
which a person had a right to assume, in consequence of an exploit; now,
those assumed without sanction of the Heralds' College.</cd>  <i>Percy
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sur"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>assuraunce</i>,
F. <i>assurance</i>, fr. <i>assurer</i>. See <u>Assure</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of assuring; a declaration tending to
inspire full confidence; that which is designed to give
confidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereof he hath given <i>assurance</i> unto all men, in that
he hath raised him from the dead.<BR>
<i>Acts xvii. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Assurances</i> of support came pouring in daily.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being assured; firm persuasion;
full confidence or trust; freedom from doubt; certainty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us draw with a true heart in full <i>assurance</i> of
faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience.<BR>
<i>Heb. x. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Firmness of mind; undoubting, steadiness;
intrepidity; courage; confidence; self-reliance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brave men meet danger with <i>assurance</i>.<BR>
<i>Knolles.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Conversation with the world will give them knowledge and
<i>assurance</i>.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Excess of boldness; impudence; audacity; as, his
<i>assurance</i> is intolerable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Betrothal; affiance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Insurance; a contract for the payment of a sum
on occasion of a certain event, as loss or death.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Recently, <i>assurance</i> has been used, in England, in relation
to life contingencies, and <i>insurance</i> in relation to other
contingencies. It is called <i>temporary assurance</i>, in the time within
which the contingent event must happen is limited. See
<u>Insurance</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Any written or other legal evidence
of the conveyance of property; a conveyance; a deed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, the legal evidences of the conveyance of property are
called the <i>common assurances</i> of the kingdom.  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sure</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Assured</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Assuring</u>.] [OF. <i>ase&uuml;rer</i>, F. <i>assurer</i>, LL.
<i>assecurare</i>; L. <i>ad</i> + <i>securus</i> secure, sure, certain. See
<u>Secure</u>, <u>Sure</u>, and cf. <u>Insure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make sure or certain; to render confident by a promise,
declaration, or other evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His promise that thy seed shall bruise our foe . . . <BR>
<i>Assures</i> me that the bitterness of death<BR>
Is past, and we shall live.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To declare to, solemnly; to assert to (any one)
with the design of inspiring belief or confidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I dare <i>assure</i> thee that no enemy<BR>
Shall ever take alive the noble Brutus.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To confirm; to make certain or secure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And it shall be <i>assured</i> to him.<BR>
<i>Lev. xxvii. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And hereby we know that we are of the truth, and shall
<i>assure</i> our hearts before him.<BR>
<i>1 John iii. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To affiance; to betroth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To insure; to covenant to indemnify
for loss, or to pay a specified sum at death. See <u>Insure</u>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To declare; aver; avouch; vouch; assert; asseverate;
protest; persuade; convince.</p>

<p><hw>As*sured"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made sure; safe;
insured; certain; indubitable; not doubting; bold to excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sured"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose life or property
is insured.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sur"ed*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Certainly;
indubitably.</def> "The siege <i>assuredly</i> I'll raise."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sur"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
assured; certainty; full confidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sur"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who assures. Specifically: One who insures against loss; an
insurer or underwriter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who takes out a life assurance
policy.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sur"gen*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
rising.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . <i>assurgency</i> of the spirit through the
body.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*sur"gent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>assurgens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>assurgere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>surgere</i> to rise.]
<def>Ascending</def>; <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>rising obliquely; curving
upward.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*sur"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That assures;
tending to assure; giving confidence.</def>  -- <wf>As*sur"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>As*swage"</hw>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Assuage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*syr"i*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Assyrius</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Assyria, or to its inhabitants.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or an inhabitant of Assyria; the
language of Assyria.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*syr`i*o*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Assyriology; as, <i>Assyriological</i> studies.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*syr`i*ol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in Assyriology; a student of Assyrian arch&aelig;ology.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*syr`i*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Assyria</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science or study of the antiquities, language,
etc., of ancient Assyria.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*syth"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From OF. <i>aset</i>,
<i>asez</i>, orig. meaning <i>enough</i>. See <u>Assets</u>.]
<def>Indemnification for injury; satisfaction.</def> [Chiefly in Scots
law]</p>

<p><hw>||As"ta*cus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>astacus</i> a
crab, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of crustaceans, containing
the crawfish of fresh-water lobster of Europe, and allied species of
western North America. See <u>Crawfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*star"board</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Over to the starboard side; -- said of the tiller.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*start"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Astert</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||As*tar"te</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
Ph&oelig;nician goddess.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of bivalve
mollusks, common on the coasts of America and Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*state"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Estate; state.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*stat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not +
<i>static</i>.] <i>(Magnetism)</i> <def>Having little or no tendency to
take a fixed or definite position or direction: thus, a suspended magnetic
needle, when rendered <i>astatic</i>, loses its polarity, or tendency to
point in a given direction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Astatic pair</b></col> <i>(Magnetism)</i>, <cd>a pair of
magnetic needles so mounted as to be nearly or quite astatic, as in some
galvanometers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*stat"ic*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
astatic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*stat"i*cism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being astatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*stay"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An
anchor is said to be <i>astay</i>, when, in heaving it, an acute angle is
formed between the cable and the surface of the water.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"te*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; refined and
witty talk, fr. &?; of the town, polite, witty, fr. &?; city: cf. F.
<i>ast&eacute;isme</i>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Genteel irony; a polite and
ingenious manner of deriding another.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"tel</hw> (&abreve;s"t&etilde;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>astelle</i> piece of wood, OF. <i>astele</i> splinter, shaving, F.
<i>attelle</i>, <i>astelle</i>: cf. L. <i>astula</i>, dim. of <i>assis</i>
board.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>An arch, or ceiling, of boards, placed over
the men's heads in a mine.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"ter</hw> (&abreve;s"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aster</i> aster, star, Gr. <grk>'asth`r</grk> star. See <u>Star</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of herbs with compound white
or bluish flowers; starwort; Michaelmas daisy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Floriculture)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Callistephus</i>. Many varieties (called <i>China asters</i>, <i>German
asters</i>, etc.) are cultivated for their handsome compound
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As*te"ri*as</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
starred, fr. <grk>'asth`r</grk> star.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
echinoderms.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly the group of this name included nearly all starfishes
and ophiurans. Now it is restricted to a genus including the commonest
shore starfishes.</p>

<p><hw>As*te"ri*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Asterias</u>.] <def>Radiated, with diverging rays; as, <i>asteriated</i>
sapphire.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`ter*id"i*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Asterioidea.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A starfish; one of the Asterioidea.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||As*te`ri*oid"e*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>||As`ter*id"e*a</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'asteri`as</grk> + <i>-oid</i>.
See <u>Asterias</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class of Echinodermata
including the true starfishes. The rays vary in number and always have
ambulacral grooves below. The body is star-shaped or pentagonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As*te"ri*on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'aste`rion</grk> starry.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The point on the side of
the skull where the lambdoid, parieto-mastoid and occipito-mastoid
sutures.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As`ter*is"cus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an asterisk.
See <u>Asterisk</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The smaller of the two otoliths
found in the inner ear of many fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"ter*isk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>asteriscus</i>,
Gr. &?;, dim. of <grk>'asth`r</grk> star. See <u>Aster</u>.] <def>The
figure of a star, thus, &?;, used in printing and writing as a reference to
a passage or note in the margin, to supply the omission of letters or
words, or to mark a word or phrase as having a special character.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`ter*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr.
<grk>'asth`r</grk> star; cf. F. <i>ast&eacute;risme</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
constellation.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small cluster of
stars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Printing)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
asterisk, or mark of reference.</def> [R.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Three
asterisks placed in this manner, &asterism;, to direct attention to a
particular passage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>An optical property of some
crystals which exhibit a star-shaped by reflected light, as star sapphire,
or by transmitted light, as some mica.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*stern"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>stern</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In or at the hinder
part of a ship; toward the hinder part, or stern; backward; as, to go
<i>astern</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Behind a ship; in the rear.</def>   "A gale of
wind right <i>astern</i>." <i>De Foe.</i> "Left this strait <i>astern</i>."
<i>Drake.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To bake astern</b></col>, <cd>to go stern foremost.</cd> --
<col><b>To be astern of the reckoning</b></col>, <cd>to be behind the
position given by the reckoning.</cd> -- <col><b>To drop astern</b></col>,
<cd>to fall or be left behind.</cd> -- <col><b>To go astern</b></col>,
<cd>to go backward, as from the action of currents or winds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*ster"nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not +
<i>sternal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Not sternal; -- said of ribs which do
not join the sternum.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"ter*oid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; starlike,
starry; <grk>'asth`r</grk> star + &?; form: cf. F.
<i>ast&eacute;ro&iuml;de</i>. See <u>Aster</u>.] <def>A starlike body; esp.
one of the numerous small planets whose orbits lie between those of Mars
and Jupiter; -- called also <i>planetoids</i> and <i>minor
planets</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`ter*oid"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to an asteroid, or to the asteroids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As`te*rol"e*pis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'asth`r</grk> star + &?; scale.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of
fishes, some of which were eighteen or twenty feet long, found in a fossil
state in the Old Red Sandstone.</def>  <i>Hugh Miller.</i></p>

<p><! p. 94  !></p>

<p><hw>As`ter*oph"yl*lite</hw>
(&abreve;s`t&etilde;r*&obreve;f"&ibreve;l*l&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>'asth`r</grk> star + <grk>fy`llon</grk> leaf.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A fossil plant from the coal formations of Europe and America, now
regarded as the branchlets and foliage of calamites.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*stert</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>start</i>; OE. <i>asterten</i>, <i>asturten</i>.] <def>To start up; to
befall; to escape; to shun.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*stert"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To escape.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||As`the*ni"a</hw> (&?;), <hw>As"the*ny</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>asthenia</i>, Gr. <grk>'asqe`nia</grk>;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + <grk>sqe`nos</grk> strength.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Want
or loss of strength; debility; diminution of the vital forces.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*then"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'asqeniko`s</grk>; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + <grk>sqe`nos</grk> strength.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Characterized by, or pertaining to, debility; weak;
debilitating.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As`the*no"pi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + <grk>sqe`nos</grk> strength + <grk>'w`ps</grk> eye.] <def>Weakness
of sight.</def>  <i>Quain.</i>  -- <wf>As`the*nop"ic</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Asth"ma</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; short-drawn
breath, fr. &?; to blow, for &?;: cf. Skr. <i>v&amacr;</i>, Goth.
<i>waian</i>, to blow, E. <i>wind</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease,
characterized by difficulty of breathing (due to a spasmodic contraction of
the bronchi), recurring at intervals, accompanied with a wheezing sound, a
sense of constriction in the chest, a cough, and expectoration.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Asth*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Asth*mat"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>asthmaticus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or
pertaining to asthma; as, an <i>asthmatic</i> cough; liable to, or
suffering from, asthma; as, an <i>asthmatic</i> patient.</def>  --
<wf>Asth*mat"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Asth*mat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person affected with
asthma.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`tig*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med. &amp; Opt.)</i>
<def>Affected with, or pertaining to, astigmatism; as, <i>astigmatic</i>
eyes; also, remedying astigmatism; as, <i>astigmatic</i> lenses.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*stig"ma*tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?;, &?;, a prick of a pointed instrument, a spot, fr. &?; to
prick: cf. F. <i>astigmatisme</i>.] <i>(Med. &amp; Opt.)</i> <def>A defect of
the eye or of a lens, in consequence of which the rays derived from one
point are not brought to a single focal point, thus causing imperfect
images or indistinctness of vision.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is applied especially to the defect causing images of
lines having a certain direction to be indistinct, or imperfectly seen,
while those of lines transverse to the former are distinct, or clearly
seen.</p>

<p><hw>As*tip"u*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>astipulari</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>stipulari</i> to stipulate.] <def>To
assent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*tip`u*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>astipulatio</i>.] <def>Stipulation; agreement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*stir"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>stir</i>.] <def>Stirring; in a state of activity or motion; out of
bed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*stom"a*tous</hw> (&?;), <hw>As"to*mous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?;, &?;, mouth.] <def>Not
possessing a mouth.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>As*ton"</hw> (&?;), <hw>As*tone"</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Astoned</u>, <u>Astond</u>,
or <u>Astound</u>.] [See <u>Astonish</u>.] <def>To stun; to astonish; to
stupefy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*ton"ied</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Stunned;
astonished. See <u>Astony</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>And I <i>astonied</i> fell and could not pray.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*ton"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Astonished</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Astonishing</u>.] [OE. <i>astonien</i>, <i>astunian</i>, <i>astonen</i>,
OF. <i>estoner</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tonner</i>, fr. L. <i>ex</i> out +
<i>tonare</i> to thunder, but perhaps influenced by E. <i>stun</i>. See
<u>Thunder</u>, <u>Astound</u>, <u>Astony</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
stun; to render senseless, as by a blow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Enough, captain; you have <i>astonished</i> him. [Fluellen
had struck Pistol].<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The very cramp-fish [<i>i. e.</i>, torpedo] . . . being
herself not benumbed, is able to <i>astonish</i> others.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike with sudden fear, terror, or wonder;
to amaze; to surprise greatly, as with something unaccountable; to confound
with some sudden emotion or passion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Musidorus . . . had his wits <i>astonished</i> with
sorrow.<BR>
<i>Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I, Daniel . . . was <i>astonished</i> at the vision.<BR>
<i>Dan. viii. 27.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To amaze; astound; overwhelm; surprise.  --
<u>Astonished</u>, <u>Surprised</u>. We are <i>surprised</i> at what is
unexpected. We are <i>astonished</i> at what is above or beyond our
comprehension. We are <i>taken</i> by surprise. We are <i>struck</i> with
astonishment. <i>C. J. Smith.</i> See <u>Amaze</u>.</p>

<p><hw>As*ton"ish*ed*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
astonished manner.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*ton"ish*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very wonderful; of a
nature to excite astonishment; as, an <i>astonishing</i> event.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Amazing; surprising; wonderful; marvelous.</p>

<p><wf>As*ton"ish*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>As*ton"ish*ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>As*ton"ish*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>estonnement</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tonnement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The condition of one who is stunned. Hence: Numbness; loss of
sensation; stupor; loss of sense.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A coldness and <i>astonishment</i> in his loins, as folk
say.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dismay; consternation.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The overpowering emotion excited when something
unaccountable, wonderful, or dreadful is presented to the mind; an intense
degree of surprise; amazement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest the place<BR>
And my quaint habits breed <i>astonishment</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The object causing such an emotion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt become an <i>astonishment</i>.<BR>
<i>Deut. xxviii. 37.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Amazement; wonder; surprise.</p>

<p><hw>As*ton"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Astonied</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Astonying</u>. See <u>Astone</u>.] <def>To stun; to bewilder; to
astonish; to dismay.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The captain of the Helots . . . strake Palladius upon the
side of his head, that he reeled <i>astonied</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This sodeyn cas this man <i>astonied</i> so,<BR>
That reed he wex, abayst, and al quaking.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*stoop"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>stoop</i>.] <def>In a stooping or inclined position.</def>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*tound"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>astouned</i>,
<i>astound</i>, <i>astoned</i>, p. p. of <i>astone</i>. See <u>Astone</u>.]
<def>Stunned; astounded; astonished.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus Ellen, dizzy and <i>astound</i>.<BR>
As sudden ruin yawned around.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*tound"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Astounded</u>, [Obs.] <u>Astound</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Astounding</u>.] [See <u>Astound</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stun; to stupefy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No puissant stroke his senses once <i>astound</i>.<BR>
<i>Fairfax.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To astonish; to strike with amazement; to
confound with wonder, surprise, or fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These thoughts may startle well, but not <i>astound</i><BR>
The virtuous mind.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*tound"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a nature to astound;
astonishing; amazing; as, an <i>astounding</i> force, statement, or
fact.</def>  -- <wf>As*tound"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>As*tound"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Amazement.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>As`tra*chan"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Astrakhan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*strad"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>straddle</i>.] <def>In a straddling position; astride; bestriding; as,
to sit <i>astraddle</i> a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*tr&aelig;"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; starry.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the genus <i>Astr&aelig;a</i> or the
family <i>Astr&aelig;id&aelig;</i>.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
coral of the family <i>Astr&aelig;id&aelig;</i>; a star coral.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"tra*gal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>astragalus</i>,
Gr. &?; the ankle bone, a molding in the capital of the Ionic column.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A convex molding of rounded surface,
generally from half to three quarters of a circle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A round molding encircling a
cannon near the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*trag"a*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the astragalus.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*trag"a*loid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Astragalus</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling the astragalus in
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*trag"a*lo*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; ankle
bone, die + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by means of small bones or
dice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As*trag"a*lus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Astragal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The ankle bone, or
hock bone; the bone of the tarsus which articulates with the tibia at the
ankle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of papilionaceous plants,
of the tribe <i>Galege&aelig;</i>, containing numerous species, two of
which are called, in English, <i>milk vetch</i> and <i>licorice vetch</i>.
<i>Gum tragacanth</i> is obtained from different oriental species,
particularly the <i>A. gummifer</i> and <i>A. verus</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Astragal</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`tra*khan"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Astrakhan in Russia or its products; made of an Astrakhan skin.</def>  -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The skin of stillborn or young lambs of that
region, the curled wool of which resembles fur.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"tral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>astralis</i>, fr.
<i>astrum</i> star, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>astral</i>. See <u>Star</u>.]
<def>Pertaining to, coming from, or resembling, the stars; starry;
starlike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shines only with an <i>astral</i> luster.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>astral</i> forms I must invoke by prayer.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Astral lamp</b></col>, <cd>an Argand lamp so constructed that no
shadow is cast upon the table by the flattened ring-shaped reservoir in
which the oil is contained.</cd> -- <col><b>Astral spirits</b></col>,
<cd>spirits formerly supposed to live in the heavenly bodies or the
a&euml;rial regions, and represented in the Middle Ages as fallen angels,
spirits of the dead, or spirits originating in fire.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*strand"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>strand</i>.] <def>Stranded.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*stray"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [See <u>Estray</u>,
<u>Stray</u>.] <def>Out of the right, either in a literal or in a
figurative sense; wandering; as, to lead one <i>astray</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye were as sheep going <i>astray</i>.<BR>
<i>1 Pet. ii. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*trict"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Astricted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Astricting</u>.] [L. <i>astrictus</i>, p. p. of <i>astringere</i>. See
<u>Astringe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind up; to confine; to
constrict; to contract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The solid parts were to be relaxed or <i>astricted</i>.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bind; to constrain; to restrict; to
limit.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The mind is <i>astricted</i> to certain necessary modes or
forms of thought.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>To restrict the tenure of;
as, to <i>astrict</i> lands. See <u>Astriction</u>, 4.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*trict"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Concise; contracted.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Weever.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*tric"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>astrictio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of binding; restriction; also,
obligation.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A contraction
of parts by applications; the action of an astringent substance on the
animal economy.</def> <i>Dunglison.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Constipation.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Astringency.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>An obligation to have the
grain growing on certain lands ground at a certain mill, the owner paying a
toll.</def>  <i>Bell.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The lands were said to be <i>astricted</i> to the mill.</p>

<p><hw>As*tric"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Binding;
astringent.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An astringent.</def> --
<wf>As*tric"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>As*tric"to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Astrictive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*stride"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>stride</i>.] <def>With one leg on each side, as a man when on horseback;
with the legs stretched wide apart; astraddle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Placed <i>astride</i> upon the bars of the palisade.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Glasses with horn bows sat <i>astride</i> on his nose.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*trif"er*ous</hw> (acr/s*tr&ibreve;f"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>astrifer</i>; <i>astrum</i> star + <i>ferre</i>
to bear.] <def>Bearing stars.</def> [R.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*tringe"</hw> (&abreve;s*tr&ibreve;nj"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Astringed</u> (-tr&ibreve;njd");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Astringing</u> (-j&ibreve;ng).] [L.
<i>astringere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>stringere</i> to draw tight. Cf.
<u>Astrict</u>, and see <u>Strain</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind fast; to constrict; to contract; to cause
parts to draw together; to compress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which contraction . . . <i>astringeth</i> the moisture of
the brain and thereby sendeth tears into the eyes.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bind by moral or legal obligation.</def>
<i>Wolsey.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*trin"gen*cy</hw> (&abreve;s*tr&ibreve;n"j<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being astringent; the power of
contracting the parts of the body; that quality in medicines or other
substances which causes contraction of the organic textures; as, the
<i>astringency</i> of tannin.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*trin"gent</hw> (-j<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>astringens</i>, p. pr. of <i>astringere</i>: cf. F. <i>astringent</i>.
See <u>Astringe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Drawing together the tissues;
binding; contracting; -- opposed to <i>laxative</i>; as, <i>astringent</i>
medicines; a butter and <i>astringent</i> taste; <i>astringent</i>
fruit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stern; austere; as, an <i>astringent</i> type of
virtue.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*trin"gent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine or other
substance that produces contraction in the soft organic textures, and
checks discharges of blood, mucus, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>External <i>astringents</i> are called styptics.<BR>
<i>Dunglison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*trin"gent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an astringent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*trin"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ostreger</i>,
OF. <i>ostrucier</i>, F. <i>autoursier</i>, fr. OF. <i>austour</i>,
<i>ostor</i>, hawk, F. <i>autour</i>; cf. L. <i>acceptor</i>, for
<i>accipiter</i>, hawk.] <def>A falconer who keeps a goshawk.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i> <i>Cowell.</i> [Written also <i>austringer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>As"tro-</hw> (&?;). <def>The combining form of the Greek word
<grk>'a`stron</grk>, meaning <i>star</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>As"tro*fel</hw>, <hw>As"tro*fell</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bitter herb, probably the same as aster, or
starwort.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*trog"e*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Astro-</i> + Gr.
&?; birth.] <def>The creation or evolution of the stars or the
heavens.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*trog"no*sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Astro-</i> + Gr.
&?; knowledge.] <def>The science or knowledge of the stars, esp. the fixed
stars.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*trog"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Astrogeny</u>.</def>  -- <wf>As`*tro*gon"ic</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>As*trog"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Astro'cf</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The art of describing or delineating the stars; a
description or mapping of the heavens.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"tro*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>astroites</i>:
cf. F. <i>astroite</i>.] <def>A radiated stone or fossil; star-stone.</def>
[Obs.] [Written also <i>astrite</i> and <i>astrion</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>As"tro*labe</hw> (&abreve;s"tr&osl;*l&amacr;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>astrolabie</i>, <i>astrilabe</i>, OF. <i>astrelabe</i>, F.
<i>astrolabe</i>, LL. <i>astrolabium</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>'astrola`bon</grk>;
<grk>'a`stron</grk> star + &?;, &?;, to take.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An instrument for observing or showing the positions
of the stars. It is now disused.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the ancients, it was essentially the armillary sphere. A
graduated circle with sights, for taking altitudes at sea, was called an
astrolabe in the 18th century. It is now superseded by the quadrant and
sextant.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stereographic projection of the sphere on the
plane of a great circle, as the equator, or a meridian; a
planisphere.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*trol"a*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A worshiper of
the stars.</def>  <i>Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*trol"a*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Astro-</i> + Gr.
&?; service, worship: cf. F. <i>astrol&acirc;trie</i>.] <def>The worship of
the stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`tro*li*thol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Astro-</i>
+ <i>lithology</i>.] <def>The science of a&euml;rolites.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*trol"o*ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Astrology</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who studies the stars; an
astronomer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who practices astrology; one who professes
to foretell events by the aspects and situation of the stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`tro*lo"gi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>astrologien</i>.] <def>An astrologer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>As`tro*log"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>As`tro*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'astrologiko`s</grk>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to astrology; professing or practicing astrology.</def>
"<i>Astrologic</i> learning." <i>Hudibras.</i> "<i>Astrological</i>
prognostication." <i>Cudworth.</i> -- <wf>As`tro*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>As*trol"o*gize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
apply astrology to; to study or practice astrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*trol"o*gy</hw> (&abreve;s*tr&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>astrologie</i>, L. <i>astrologia</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>'astrologi`a</grk>, fr. <grk>'astrolo`gos</grk> astronomer,
astrologer; <grk>'asth`r</grk> star + <grk>lo`gos</grk> discourse,
<grk>le`gein</grk> to speak. See <u>Star</u>.] <def>In its etymological
signification, the science of the stars; among the ancients, synonymous
with <i>astronomy</i>; subsequently, the art of judging of the influences
of the stars upon human affairs, and of foretelling events by their
position and aspects.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Astrology</i> was much in vogue during the Middle Ages, and
became the parent of modern astronomy, as alchemy did of chemistry. It was
divided into two kinds: <i>judicial astrology</i>, which assumed to
foretell the fate and acts of nations and individuals, and <i>natural
astrology</i>, which undertook to predict events of inanimate nature, such
as changes of the weather, etc.</p>

<p><hw>As`tro*man"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; astrology.]
<def>Of or pertaining to divination by means of the stars;
astrologic.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>As`tro*me`te*or*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Astro-
</i> + <i>meteorology</i>.] <def>The investigation of the relation between
the sun, moon, and stars, and the weather.</def>  --
<wf>As`*tro*me`te*or`o*log"ic*al</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>As`tro*me`te*or*ol"o*gist</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>As*trom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Astro-</i> +
<i>meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for comparing the relative amount of the
light of stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*trom"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Astro-</i> +
<i>metry</i>.] <def>The art of making measurements among the stars, or of
determining their relative magnitudes.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*tron"o*mer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Astronomy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An astrologer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is versed in astronomy; one who has a
knowledge of the laws of the heavenly orbs, or the principles by which
their motions are regulated, with their various phenomena.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An undevout <i>astronomer</i> is mad.<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As`tro*no"mi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; OF.
<i>astronomien</i>. See <u>Astronomy</u>.] <def>An astrologer.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>As`tro*nom"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Astronomical.</def></p>

<p><! p. 95  !></p>

<p><hw>As`tro*nom"ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>astronomicus</i>, Gr. <grk>'astronomiko`s</grk>: cf. F.
<i>astronomique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to astronomy; in accordance
with the methods or principles of astronomy.</def>  --
<wf>As`tro*nom"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Astronomical clock</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Clock</u>.</cd> -
-  <col><b>Astronomical day</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Day</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Astronomical fractions</b></col>, <col><b>Astronomical
numbers</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Sexagesimal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As*tron"o*mize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>To
study or to talk astronomy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>astronomized</i> in caves.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>As*tron"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>astronomie</i>, F. <i>astronomie</i>, L. <i>astronomia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; astronomer; <grk>'asth`r</grk> star + &?; to distribute, regulate.
See <u>Star</u>, and <u>Nomad</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Astrology.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not from the stars do I my judgment pluck;<BR>
And yet methinks I have <i>astronomy</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The science which treats of the celestial
bodies, of their magnitudes, motions, distances, periods of revolution,
eclipses, constitution, physical condition, and of the causes of their
various phenomena.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on, or text-book of, the
science.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Physical astronomy</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Physical</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As"tro*phel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Astrofel</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>As`tro*pho*tog"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Astro-
</i>  + <i>photography</i>.] <def>The application of photography to the
delineation of the sun, moon, and stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`tro*phys"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to the physics of astronomical science.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As*troph"y*ton</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Astro-</i> +
Gr. <grk>fyton</grk> a plant.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
ophiurans having the arms much branched.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"tro*scope</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Astro-</i> +
<i>scope</i>.] <def>An old astronomical instrument, formed of two cones, on
whose surface the constellations were delineated.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*tros"co*py</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Observation of
the stars.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>As`tro*the*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Astro-</i> +
<i>theology</i>.] <def>Theology founded on observation or knowledge of the
celestial bodies.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*struc"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>astructus</i>,
p. p. of <i>astruere</i> to build up; <i>ad</i> + <i>struere</i> to build.]
<def>Building up; constructive; -- opposed to <i>destructive</i>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*strut"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sticking out, or puffed out; swelling; in a swelling manner.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Inflated and <i>astrut</i> with self-conceit.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a strutting manner; with a strutting
gait.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*tu"cious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>astucieux</i>.
See <u>Astute</u>.] <def>Subtle; cunning; astute.</def>  [R.] <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i>  -- <wf>As*tu"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>As*tu"ci*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Astucious</u>.]
<def>Craftiness; astuteness.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*stun"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Astony</u>,
<u>Stun</u>.] <def>To stun.</def> [Obs.] "Breathless and <i>astunned</i>."
<i>Somerville.</i></p>

<p><hw>As*tu"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Asturias in Spain.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of
Asturias.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*tute"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>astutus</i>, fr.
<i>astus</i> craft, cunning; perh. cognate with E. <i>acute</i>.]
<def>Critically discerning; sagacious; shrewd; subtle; crafty.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Keen; eagle-eyed; penetrating; skilled; discriminating;
cunning; sagacious; subtle; wily; crafty.</p>

<p><wf>As*tute"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>As*tute"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*sty"lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv.
+ &?; pillar.] <i>(arch.)</i> <def>Without columns or pilasters.</def>
<i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*styl"len</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
small dam to prevent free passage of water in an adit or level.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*sun"der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>sunder</i>.] <def>Apart; separate from each other; into parts; in two;
separately; into or in different pieces or places.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I took my staff, even Beauty, and cut it <i>asunder</i>.<BR>
<i>Zech. xi. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As wide <i>asunder</i> as pole and pole.<BR>
<i>Froude.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||A*su"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Hind. Myth.)</i>
<def>An enemy of the gods, esp. one of a race of demons and
giants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As"wail</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sloth bear (<i>Melursus labiatus</i>) of
India.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*sweve"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>aswebban</i>;
<i>a</i> + <i>swebban</i>. See <u>Sweven</u>.] <def>To stupefy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*swing"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a state of
swinging.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*swoon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a swoon.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*swooned"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
swoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*sy"lum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Asylums</b></plw> (&?;), L. <plw><b>Asyla</b></plw> (&?;). [L.
<i>asylum</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; exempt from spoliation, inviolable;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; right of seizure.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sanctuary or place of refuge and protection, where criminals and debtors
found shelter, and from which they could not be forcibly taken without
sacrilege.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So sacred was the church to some, that it had the right of
an <i>asylum</i> or sanctuary.<BR>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The name was anciently given to temples, altars, statues of the
gods, and the like. In later times Christian churches were regarded as
asylums in the same sense.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any place of retreat and security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Earth has no other <i>asylum</i> for them than its own cold
bosom.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An institution for the protection or relief of
some class of destitute, unfortunate, or afflicted persons; as, an
<i>asylum</i> for the aged, for the blind, or for the insane; a lunatic
<i>asylum</i>; an orphan <i>asylum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*sym"me*tral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incommensurable;
also, unsymmetrical.</def> [Obs.]  <i>D. H. More.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>As`ym*met"ric</hw> (&?;), <hw>As`ym*met"ri*cal</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Asymmetrous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Incommensurable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not symmetrical; wanting proportion; esp., not
bilaterally symmetrical.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*sym"me*trous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Asymmetrical.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*sym"me*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; symmetry.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of
symmetry, or proportion between the parts of a thing, esp. want of
bilateral symmetry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Incommensurability.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>As"ymp*tote</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; not falling
together; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to fall together; &?; with + &?; to
fall. Cf. <u>Symptom</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A line which approaches
nearer to some curve than assignable distance, but, though infinitely
extended, would never meet it. Asymptotes may be straight lines or curves.
A rectilinear asymptote may be conceived as a tangent to the curve at an
infinite distance.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*syn"ar*tete`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; not united,
disconnected; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; with + &?; to fasten to.]
<def>Disconnected; not fitted or adjusted.</def>  --
<wf>A*syn"ar*tet"ic</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Asynartete verse</b></col> <i>(Pros.)</i>, <cd>a verse of two
members, having different rhythms; as when the first consists of iambuses
and the second of trochees.</cd></p>

<p><hw>As`yn*det"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Asyndeton</u>.] <def>Characterized by the use of asyndeton; not
connected by conjunctions.</def>  -- <wf>As`yn*det"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*syn"de*ton</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; unconnected; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; bound together, fr. &?;; &?;
with + &?; to bind.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure which omits the
connective; as, <i>I came, I saw, I conquered</i>. It stands opposed to
<i>polysyndeton</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*sys"to*le</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not +
<i>systole</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A weakening or cessation of the
contractile power of the heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*sys"to*lism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
symptoms characteristic of asystole.</def></p>

<p><hw>At</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&aelig;t</i>; akin to
OHG. <i>az</i>, Goth., OS., &amp; Icel. <i>at</i>, Sw. <i>&aring;t</i>, Dan. &
L. <i>ad</i>.] <def>Primarily, this word expresses the relations of
<i>presence</i>, <i>nearness in place or time</i>, or <i>direction
toward</i>; as, <i>at</i> the ninth hour; <i>at</i> the house; to aim
<i>at</i> a mark. It is less definite than <i>in</i> or <i>on</i>;
<i>at</i> the house may be <i>in</i> or <i>near</i> the house. From this
original import are derived all the various uses of <i>at</i>.</def>  It
expresses: -</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A relation of proximity to, or of presence in or
on, something; as, <i>at</i> the door; <i>at</i> your shop; <i>at</i> home;
<i>at</i> school; <i>at</i> hand; <i>at</i> sea and on land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The relation of some state or condition; as,
<i>at</i> war; <i>at</i> peace; <i>at</i> ease; <i>at</i> your service;
<i>at</i> fault; <i>at</i> liberty; <i>at</i> risk; <i>at</i>
disadvantage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The relation of some employment or action;
occupied with; as, <i>at</i> engraving; <i>at</i> husbandry; <i>at</i>
play; <i>at</i> work; <i>at</i> meat (eating); except <i>at</i>
puns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The relation of a point or position in a series,
or of degree, rate, or value; as, with the thermometer <i>at</i> 80&deg;;
goods sold <i>at</i> a cheap price; a country estimated <i>at</i> 10,000
square miles; life is short <i>at</i> the longest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The relations of time, age, or order; as,
<i>at</i> ten o'clock; <i>at</i> twenty-one; <i>at</i> once; <i>at</i>
first.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The relations of source, occasion, reason,
consequence, or effect; as, <i>at</i> the sight; <i>at</i> this news; merry
<i>at</i> anything; <i>at</i> this declaration; <i>at</i> his command; to
demand, require, receive, deserve, endure <i>at</i> your hands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Relation of direction toward an object or end;
as, look <i>at</i> it; to point <i>at</i> one; to aim <i>at</i> a mark; to
throw, strike, shoot, wink, mock, laugh <i>at</i> any one.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At all</b></col>, <col><b>At home</b></col>, <col><b>At
large</b></col>, <col><b>At last</b></col>, <col><b>At length</b></col>,
<col><b>At once</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>All</u>, <u>Home</u>,
<u>Large</u>, <u>Last</u> (phrase and syn.), <u>Length</u>, <u>Once</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>At it</b></col>, <cd>busily or actively engaged.</cd>
-- <col><b>At least</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Least</u> and
<u>However</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>At one</b></col>. <cd>See <u>At one</u>, in
the Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>In</u>, <u>At</u>.  When reference to the
<i>interior</i> of any place is made prominent <i>in</i> is used. It is
used before the names of countries and cities (esp. large cities); as, we
live <i>in</i> America, <i>in</i> New York, <i>in</i> the South. <i>At</i>
is commonly employed before names of houses, institutions, villages, and
small places; as, Milton was educated <i>at</i> Christ's College; money
taken in <i>at</i> the Customhouse; I saw him <i>at</i> the jeweler's; we
live <i>at</i> Beachville. <i>At</i> may be used before the name of a city
when it is regarded as a mere point of locality. "An English king was
crowned <i>at</i> Paris." <i>Macaulay.</i> "Jean Jacques Rousseau was born
<i>at</i> Geneva, June, 28, 1712." <i>J. Morley.</i> In regard to time, we
say <i>at</i> the hour, <i>on</i> the day, <i>in</i> the year; as,
<i>at</i> 9 o'clock, <i>on</i> the morning of July 5th, <i>in</i> the year
1775.</p>

<p><hw>At"a*bal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>atabal</i>, fr.
Ar. <i>at-tabl</i> the drum, <i>tabala</i> to beat the drum. Cf.
<u>Tymbal</u>.] <def>A kettledrum; a kind of tabor, used by the
Moors.</def> <i>Croly.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*tac"a*mite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the desert of
<i>Atacama</i>, where found.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An oxychloride of copper,
usually in emerald-green prismatic crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>At`aft"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>After.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>At"a*ghan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Yataghan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*take"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To overtake.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>At"a*man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>ataman'</i>: cf.
Pol. <i>hetman</i>, G. <i>hauptmann</i> headman, chieftain. Cf.
<u>Hetman</u>.] <def>A hetman, or chief of the Cossacks.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||At`a*rax"i*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>At"a*rax`y</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>ataraxia</i>, Gr. <grk>'ataraxi`a</grk>;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + <grk>tarakto`s</grk> disturbed, <grk>tara`ssein</grk>
to disturb.] <def>Perfect peace of mind, or calmness.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*taunt"</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*taunt"o</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F. <i>autant</i> as much (as possible).]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Fully rigged, as a vessel; with all sails set; set on
end or set right.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*tav"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>atavique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to a remote ancestor, or to atavism.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"a*vism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>atavus</i> an
ancestor, fr. <i>avus</i> a grandfather.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
recurrence, or a tendency to a recurrence, of the original type of a
species in the progeny of its varieties; resemblance to remote rather than
to near ancestors; reversion to the original form.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The recurrence of any peculiarity
or disease of an ancestor in a subsequent generation, after an intermission
for a generation or two.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now and then there occur cases of what physiologists call
<i>atavism</i>, or reversion to an ancestral type of character.<BR>
<i>J. Fiske</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>||A*tax"i*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>At"ax*y</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>ataxia</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; out of order;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; ordered, arranged, &?; to put in order: cf. F.
<i>ataxie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disorder; irregularity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Irregularity
in disease, or in the functions.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The state
of disorder that characterizes nervous fevers and the nervous
condition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Locomotor ataxia</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Locomotor</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*tax"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ataxique</i>.
See <u>Ataxia</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Characterized by ataxy, that is,
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> by great irregularity of functions or symptoms, or
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> by a want of coordinating power in movements.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ataxic fever</b></col>, <cd>malignant typhus fever.</cd>
<i>Pinel.</i></p>

<p><hw>At`a*zir"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., fr. Ar. <i>al-
tas&imacr;r</i> influence.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The influence of a star
upon other stars or upon men.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ate</hw> (?; 277), <def>the preterit of <u>Eat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"te</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <i>(Greek.
Myth.)</i> <def>The goddess of mischievous folly; also, in later poets, the
goddess of vengeance.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ate</hw> (&?;). [From the L. suffix -<i>atus</i>, the past
participle ending of verbs of the 1st conj.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>As an
ending of participles or participial adjectives it is equivalent to -
<i>ed</i>; as, situ<i>ate</i> or situated; anim<i>ate</i> or
animated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As the ending of a verb, it means <i>to
make</i>, <i>to cause</i>, <i>to act</i>, etc.; as, to propiti<i>ate</i>
(to make propitious); to anim<i>ate</i> (to give life to).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>As a noun suffix, it marks the agent; as,
cur<i>ate</i>, deleg<i>ate</i>. It also sometimes marks the office or
dignity; as, tribun<i>ate</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In chemistry it is used to denote the salts
formed from those acids whose names end <i>-ic</i> (excepting binary or
halogen acids); as, sulph<i>ate</i> from sulphur<i>ic</i> acid,
nitr<i>ate</i> from nitr<i>ic</i> acid, etc.  It is also used in the case
of certain basic salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*tech"nic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not +
<i>technic</i>.] <def>Without technical or artistic knowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Difficult to convey to the <i>atechnic</i> reader.<BR>
<i>Etching &amp; Engr.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||At"e*les</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; incomplete;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; completion.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
American monkeys with prehensile tails, and having the thumb wanting or
rudimentary. See <u>Spider monkey</u>, and <u>Coaita</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`te*lier"</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A workshop; a
studio.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*tel"lan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Atellanus</i>, fr.
<i>Atella</i>, an ancient town of the Osci, in Campania.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Atella, in ancient Italy; as, <i>Atellan</i> plays; farcical;
ribald.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A farcical drama performed at
Atella.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*thal"a*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; nuptial bed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Not furnished with shields or
beds for the spores, as the thallus of certain lichens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ath"a*maunt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Adamant.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Written in the table of <i>athamaunt</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ath`a*na"sian</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria in the 4th
century.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Athanasian creed</b></col>, <cd>a formulary, confession, or
exposition of faith, formerly supposed to have been drawn up by Athanasius;
but this opinion is now rejected, and the composition is ascribed by some
to Hilary, bishop of Arles (5th century). It is a summary of what was
called the orthodox faith.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ath"a*nor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Ar. <i>at-
tann&umacr;r</i>, fr. Heb. <i>tann&umacr;r</i> an oven or furnace.] <def>A
digesting furnace, formerly used by alchemists. It was so constructed as to
maintain uniform and durable heat.</def>  <i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ath`e*ca"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; chest, box.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of Hydroidea in which the zooids are naked, or not inclosed in a capsule.
See <u>Tubularian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"the*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ath&eacute;isme</i>. See <u>Atheist</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
disbelief or denial of the existence of a God, or supreme intelligent
Being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Atheism</i> is a ferocious system, that leaves nothing
above us to excite awe, nor around us to awaken tenderness.<BR>
<i>R. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Atheism</i> and pantheism are often wrongly
confounded.<BR>
<i>Shipley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Godlessness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"the*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; without god;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; god: cf. F. <i>ath&eacute;iste</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who disbelieves or denies the existence of a
God, or supreme intelligent Being.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A godless person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Infidel; unbeliever.</p>

<p>See <u>Infidel</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>A`the*is"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A`the*is"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, implying, or
containing, atheism; -- applied to things; as, <i>atheistic</i> doctrines,
opinions, or books.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Atheistical</i> explications of natural effects.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disbelieving the existence of a God; impious;
godless; -- applied to persons; as, an <i>atheistic</i> writer.</def>  --
<wf>A`the*is"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>A`the*is"tic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A"the*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
atheistic or godless.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They endeavored to <i>atheize</i> one another.<BR>
<i>Berkeley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A"the*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To discourse, argue, or
act as an atheist.</def> [R.]  -- <wf>A"the*i`zer</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><! p. 96  !></p>

<p><hw>Ath"el*ing</hw> (&abreve;th"&ebreve;l*&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&aelig;&eth;eling</i> noble, fr.
<i>&aelig;&eth;ele</i> noble, akin to G. <i>adel</i> nobility, <i>edel</i>
noble. The word <i>&aelig;&eth;el</i>, E. <i>ethel</i>, is in many AS.
proper names, as <i>Ethel</i>wolf, noble wolf; <i>Ethel</i>bald, noble
bold; <i>Ethel</i>bert, noble bright.] <def>An Anglo-Saxon prince or
nobleman; esp., the heir apparent or a prince of the royal family.</def>
[Written also <i>Adeling</i> and <i>&AElig;theling</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ath`e*ne"um</hw>, <hw>Ath`e*n&aelig;"um</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Atheneums</b></plw> (&?;), L.
<plw><b>Athen&aelig;a</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>Athenaeum</i>, Gr.
<grk>'Aqhn`aion</grk> a temple of Minerva at Athens, fr.
<grk>'Aqhna^</grk>, contr. fr. <grk>'Aqhna`a</grk>, <grk>'Aqhnai`a</grk>,
in Homer <grk>'Aqh`nh</grk>, <grk>'Aqhnai`n</grk>, Athene (called
<i>Minerva</i> by the Romans), the tutelary goddess of Athens.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A temple of Athene, at Athens,
in which scholars and poets were accustomed to read their works and
instruct students.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A school founded at Rome by Hadrian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A literary or scientific association or
club.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A building or an apartment where a library,
periodicals, and newspapers are kept for use.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*the"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>Ath&eacute;nien</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Athens, the metropolis of
Greece.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or citizen of
Athens.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`the*o*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Opposed to
theology; atheistic.</def>  <i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>A`the*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not
+ <i>theology</i>.] <def>Antagonism to theology.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"the*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; without God. See
<u>Atheist</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Atheistic; impious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without God, neither accepting nor denying
him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I should say science was <i>atheous</i>, and therefore could
not be atheistic.<BR>
<i>Bp. of Carlisle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ath"er*ine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>atherina</i>,
fr. Gr. &?; a kind of smelt.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small marine fish
of the family <i>Atherinid&aelig;</i>, having a silvery stripe along the
sides. The European species (<i>Atherina presbyter</i>) is used as food.
The American species (<i>Menidia notata</i>) is called <i>silversides</i>
and <i>sand smelt</i>. See <u>Silversides</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ther"man*cy</hw> (&adot;*th&etilde;r"m&abreve;n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Athermanous</u>.] <def>Inability to transmit
radiant heat; impermeability to heat.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ther"ma*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + <grk>qermai`nein</grk> to heat, <grk>qe`rma</grk> heat: cf. F.
<i>athermane</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Not transmitting heat; -- opposed to
<i>diathermanous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ther"mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Athermanous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ath"er*oid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a beard,
or an ear, of grain + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Shaped like an ear of
grain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ath`e*ro"ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;, fr. &?; gr&?;ats, meal.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
encysted tumor containing curdy matter.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
disease characterized by thickening and fatty degeneration of the inner
coat of the arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ath`e*rom"a*tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or having the nature of, atheroma.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ath`e*to"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
not fixed; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to set.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A variety
of chorea, marked by peculiar tremors of the fingers and toes.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*think"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To repent; to
displease; to disgust.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*thirst"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ofthurst</i>, AS.
<i>ofpyrsted</i>, p. p. of <i>ofpyrstan</i>; pref. <i>of-</i>, intensive +
<i>pyrstan</i> to thirst. See <u>Thirst</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wanting drink; thirsty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a keen appetite or desire; eager;
longing.</def> "<i>Athirst</i> for battle."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ath"lete</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>athleta</i>, Gr.
&?; prizefighter, fr. &?; to contend for a prize, &?;, Hom. &?;, contest,
&?; prize; fr. the same root as E. <i>wed</i>: cf. F.
<i>athl&egrave;te</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>One who
contended for a prize in the public games of ancient Greece or
Rome.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any one trained to contend in exercises
requiring great physical agility and strength; one who has great activity
and strength; a champion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One fitted for, or skilled in, intellectual
contests; as, <i>athletes</i> of debate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ath`let"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>athleticus</i>,
Gr. &?;. See <u>Athlete</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
athletes or to the exercises practiced by them; as, <i>athletic</i> games
or sports.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Befitting an athlete; strong; muscular; robust;
vigorous; as, <i>athletic</i> Celts.</def> "<i>Athletic</i> soundness."
<i>South.</i>  -- <wf>Ath*let"ic*al*ly</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ath*let"i*cism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice of
engaging in athletic games; athletism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ath*let"ics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
training by athletic exercises; the games and sports of athletes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ath"le*tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
practice of an athlete; the characteristics of an athlete.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*thwart"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>thwart</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Across; from side to side
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Athwart the thicket lone.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Across the direction or course
of; as, a fleet standing <i>athwart</i> our course.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Athwart hawse</b></col>, <cd>across the stem of another vessel,
whether in contact or at a small distance.</cd> -- <col><b>Athwart
ships</b></col>, <cd>across the ship from side to side, or in that
direction; -- opposed to <i>fore and aft</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*thwart"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Across, especially in an oblique direction; sidewise;
obliquely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes <i>athwart</i>, sometimes he strook him
straight.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Across the course; so as to thwart;
perversely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>athwart</i> there came<BR>
A post from Wales loaden with heavy news.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*tilt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>tilt</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the manner of a tilter; in the
position, or with the action, of one making a thrust.</def>   "To run
<i>atilt</i> at men." <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the position of a cask tilted, or with one
end raised. [In this sense sometimes used as an adjective.]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abroach, <i>atilt</i>, and run<BR>
Even to the lees of honor.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At"i*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; honor.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>Public disgrace or stigma;
infamy; loss of civil rights.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>-a"tion</hw> (&?;). [L. <i>-ation</i>em. See <u>-tion</u>.] <def>A
suffix forming nouns of <i>action</i>, and often equivalent to the verbal
substantive in -<i>ing</i>. It sometimes has the further meanings of
<i>state</i>, and <i>that which</i> results from the action. Many of these
nouns have verbs in -<i>ate</i>; as, alliter<i>ate</i> -<i>ation</i>,
narr<i>ate</i> -<i>ation</i>; many are derived through the French; as,
alter<i>ation</i>, visit<i>ation</i>; and many are formed on verbs ending
in the Greek formative -<i>ize</i> (Fr. -<i>ise</i>); as,
civiliz<i>ation</i>, demoraliz<i>ation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A-tip"toe</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>On tiptoe; eagerly
expecting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We all feel <i>a-tiptoe</i> with hope and confidence.<BR>
<i>F. Harrison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||At*lan"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small glassy heteropod mollusks found
swimming at the surface in mid ocean. See <u>Heteropod</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*lan"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Relating to the atlas.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Anterior; cephalic.</def>  <i>Barclay.</i></p>

<p><hw>At`lan*te"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Atlant&?;us</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the isle
Atlantis, which the ancients allege was sunk, and overwhelmed by the
ocean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, Atlas;
strong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>Atlantean</i> shoulders, fit to bear<BR>
The weight of mightiest monarchies.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||At*lan"tes</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
pl. of &?;. See <u>Atlas</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Figures or half figures
of men, used as columns to support an entablature; -- called also
<i>telamones</i>.  See <u>Caryatides</u>.</def>  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*lan"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Atlanticus</i>,
fr. <i>Atlas</i>. See <u>Atlas</u> and <u>Atlantes</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to Mt. Atlas in Libya, and hence applied to the ocean
which lies between Europe and Africa on the east and America on the west;
as, the <i>Atlantic</i> Ocean (called also <i>the Atlantic</i>); the
<i>Atlantic</i> basin; the <i>Atlantic</i> telegraph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the isle of
Atlantis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Descended from Atlas.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The seven <i>Atlantic</i> sisters.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||At*lan"ti*des</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Atlantes</u>.] <def>The Pleiades or seven stars, fabled to have been the
daughters of Atlas.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"las</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Atlases</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>Atlas</i>, -<i>antis</i>, Gr. &?;,
&?;, one of the older family of gods, who bears up the pillars of heaven;
also Mt. <i>Atlas</i>, in W. Africa, regarded as the pillar of heaven. It
is from the root of &?; to bear. See <u>Tolerate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sustains a great burden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The first vertebra of the neck,
articulating immediately with the skull, thus sustaining the globe of the
head, whence the name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A collection of maps in a volume</def>; --
supposed to be so called from a picture of Atlas supporting the world,
prefixed to some collections. This name is said to have been first used by
Mercator, the celebrated geographer, in the 16th century.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A volume of plates illustrating any
subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A work in which subjects are exhibited in a
tabular from or arrangement; as, an historical <i>atlas</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A large, square folio, resembling a volume of
maps; -- called also <i>atlas folio</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A drawing paper of large size. See under
<u>Paper</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Atlas powder</b></col>, <cd>a nitroglycerin blasting compound of
pasty consistency and great explosive power.</cd></p>

<p><hw>At"las</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar., smooth.] <def>A rich kind of
satin manufactured in India.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>At`mi*dom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
smoke, vapor + <i>-meter</i>; cf. F. <i>atmidom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An
instrument for measuring the evaporation from water, ice, or snow.</def>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>At"mo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr.
<i>atmosphere</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The standard atmospheric pressure
used in certain physical measurements calculations; conventionally, that
pressure under which the barometer stands at 760 millimeters, at a
temperature of 0&deg; Centigrade, at the level of the sea, and in the
latitude of Paris.</def>  <i>Sir W. Thomson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>At`mo*log"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>At`mo*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to atmology.</def>
"<i>Atmological</i> laws of heat."  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*mol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in atmology.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*mol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; vapor + <i>-
logy</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>That branch of science which treats of the
laws and phenomena of aqueous vapor.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*mol"y*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; vapor + &?; a
loosing, &?; to loose.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of
separating mingled gases of unequal diffusibility by transmission through
porous substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>At`mol*y*za"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Separation by atmolysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"mo*lyze</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To subject to atmolysis; to separate by atmolysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"mo*ly`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
apparatus for effecting atmolysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*mom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; smoke, vapor
+ <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>atmom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument for
measuring the rate of evaporation from a moist surface; an
evaporometer.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>At"mos*phere</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; vapor (akin
to Skr. <i>&amacr;tman</i> breath, soul, G. <i>athem</i> breath) + &?;
sphere: cf. F. <i>atmosph&egrave;re</i>. See <u>Sphere</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The whole mass
of a&euml;riform fluid surrounding the earth; -- applied also to the
gaseous envelope of any celestial orb, or other body; as, the
<i>atmosphere</i> of Mars.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any gaseous
envelope or medium.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>atmosphere</i> of cold oxygen.<BR>
<i>Miller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A supposed medium around various bodies; as,
<i>electrical atmosphere</i>, a medium formerly supposed to surround
electrical bodies.</def>  <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The pressure or weight of the air at the sea
level, on a unit of surface, or about 14.7 Ibs. to the sq. inch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hydrogen was liquefied under a pressure of 650
<i>atmospheres</i>.<BR>
<i>Lubbock.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any surrounding or pervading influence or
condition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The chillest of social <i>atmospheres</i>.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The portion of air in any locality, or affected
by a special physical or sanitary condition; as, the <i>atmosphere</i> of
the room; a moist or noxious <i>atmosphere</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>At`mos*pher"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>At`mos*pher"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>atmosph&eacute;rique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the atmosphere; of the nature
of, or resembling, the atmosphere; as, <i>atmospheric</i> air; the
<i>atmospheric</i> envelope of the earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Existing in the atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lower <i>atmospheric</i> current.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Caused, or operated on, by the atmosphere; as,
an <i>atmospheric</i> effect; an <i>atmospheric</i> engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Dependent on the atmosphere.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In am so <i>atmospherical</i> a creature.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Atmospheric engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine whose piston
descends by the pressure of the atmosphere, when the steam which raised it
is condensed within the cylinder.</cd> <i>Tomlinson.</i> --
<col><b>Atmospheric line</b></col> <i>(Steam Engin.)</i>, <cd>the
equilibrium line of an indicator card. Steam is expanded "down to the
atmosphere" when its pressure is equal to that of the atmosphere. (See
<u>Indicator card</u>.)</cd> -- <col><b>Atmospheric pressure</b></col>,
<cd>the pressure exerted by the atmosphere, not merely downwards, but in
every direction. In amounts to about 14.7 Ibs. on each square inch.</cd> --
<col><b>Atmospheric railway</b></col>, <cd>one in which pneumatic power,
obtained from compressed air or the creation of a vacuum, is the propelling
force.</cd> -- <col><b>Atmospheric tides</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Tide</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>At`mos*pher"ic*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
relation to the atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>At`mos*phe*rol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Atmosphere</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science or a treatise on the
atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"o*kous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; barren;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; offspring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing
only asexual individuals, as the eggs of certain annelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*toll"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The native name in the
Indian Ocean.] <def>A coral island or islands, consisting of a belt of
coral reef, partly submerged, surrounding a central lagoon or depression; a
lagoon island.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"om</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>atomus</i>, Gr. &?;,
uncut, indivisible; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?;, verbal adj. of &?; to cut:
cf. F. <i>atome</i>. See <u>Tome</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An ultimate indivisible particle of matter.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An ultimate particle of matter not necessarily
indivisible; a molecule.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A constituent
particle of matter, or a molecule supposed to be made up of subordinate
particles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; These three definitions correspond to different views of the
nature of the ultimate particles of matter. In the case of the last two,
the particles are more correctly called <i>molecules</i>.  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The smallest particle of matter
that can enter into combination; one of the elementary constituents of a
molecule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything extremely small; a particle; a
whit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was not an <i>atom</i> of water.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Ross.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At"om</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reduce to atoms.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*tom"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*tom"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>atomique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to atoms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extremely minute; tiny.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Atomic philosophy</b></col>, or <i>Doctrine of atoms</i>, <cd>a
system which, assuming that atoms are endued with gravity and motion,
accounted thus for the origin and formation of all things. This philosophy
was first broached by Leucippus, was developed by Democritus, and afterward
improved by Epicurus, and hence is sometimes denominated the
<i>Epicurean</i> philosophy.</cd> -- <col><b>Atomic theory</b></col>, or
the <i>Doctrine of definite proportions</i> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>teaches
that chemical combinations take place between the supposed ultimate
particles or <i>atoms</i> of bodies, in some simple ratio, as of one to
one, two to three, or some other, always expressible in whole numbers.</cd>
-- <col><b>Atomic weight</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the weight of the
atom of an element as compared with the weight of the atom of hydrogen,
taken as a standard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>A*tom"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an atomic
manner; in accordance with the atomic philosophy.</def></p>

<p><hw>At`o*mi"cian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An atomist.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*tom"i*cism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Atomism.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>At`o*mic"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>atomicit&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Degree of atomic attraction;
equivalence; valence; also (a later use) the number of atoms in an
elementary molecule. See <u>Valence</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"om*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>atomisme</i>.]
<def>The doctrine of atoms. See <i>Atomic philosophy</i>, under
<u>Atomic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"om*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>atomiste</i>.]
<def>One who holds to the atomic philosophy or theory.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>At`om*is"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to atoms; relating to atomism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is the object of the mechanical <i>atomistic</i>
philosophy to confound synthesis with synartesis.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At`om*i*za"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of reducing to atoms, or very minute particles; or the state
of being so reduced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The reduction of fluids into fine
spray.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"om*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reduce to atoms, or
to fine spray.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The liquids in the form of spray are said to be pulverized,
nebulized, or <i>atomized</i>.<BR>
<i>Dunglison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 97  !></p>

<p><hw>At"om*i`zer</hw> (&abreve;t"&ubreve;m*&imacr;`z&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which, atomizes; esp., an
instrument for reducing a liquid to spray for disinfecting, cooling, or
perfuming.</def></p>

<p><hw>At`om*ol"o*gy</hw> (&abreve;t`&ubreve;m*&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Atom</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The doctrine of
atoms.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>At"om*y</hw> (&abreve;t"&ubreve;m*&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An atom; a mite; a pigmy.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>anatomy</i>, taken
as <i>an atomy</i>.] <def>A skeleton.</def> [Ludicrous]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ton"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting an
atonement; capable of being atoned for; expiable.</def></p>

<p><hw>At one"</hw> (&?;). [OE. <i>at on</i>, <i>atone</i>, <i>atoon</i>,
<i>attone</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In concord or friendship; in
agreement (with each other); as, to be, bring, make, or set, <i>at one</i>,
i. e., to be or bring in or to a state of agreement or
reconciliation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If gentil men, or othere of hir contree<BR>
Were wrothe, she wolde bringen hem <i>atoon</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the same opinion; agreed; as, on these points
we are <i>at one</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Together.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*tone"</hw> (&adot;*t&omacr;n"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Atoned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Atoning</u>.] [From <i>at one</i>, , i. e., to be, or cause
to be, at one.  See <u>At one</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To agree; to be
in accordance; to accord.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He and Aufidius can no more <i>atone</i><BR>
Than violentest contrariety.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stand as an equivalent; to make reparation,
compensation, or amends, for an offense or a crime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The murderer fell, and blood <i>atoned</i> for blood.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The ministry not <i>atoning</i> for their former conduct by
any wise or popular measure.<BR>
<i>Junius.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*tone"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set
at one; to reduce to concord; to reconcile, as parties at variance; to
appease.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I would do much<BR>
To <i>atone</i> them, for the love I bear to Cassio.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite in making.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The four elements . . . have <i>atoned</i><BR>
A noble league.<BR>
<i>Ford.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make satisfaction for; to expiate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or each <i>atone</i> his guilty love with life.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*tone"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
(Literally, a setting <i>at one</i>.) <def>Reconciliation; restoration of
friendly relations; agreement; concord.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>By whom we have now received the <i>atonement</i>.<BR>
<i>Rom. v. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He desires to make <i>atonement</i><BR>
Betwixt the Duke of Gloucester and your brothers.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Satisfaction or reparation made by giving an
equivalent for an injury, or by doing of suffering that which will be
received in satisfaction for an offense or injury; expiation; amends; --
with <i>for</i>. Specifically, in theology: The expiation of sin made by
the obedience, personal suffering, and death of Christ.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a man has been guilty of any vice, the best
<i>atonement</i> be can make for it is, to warn others.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The Phocians behaved with, so much gallantry, that they were
thought to have made a sufficient <i>atonement</i> for their former
offense.<BR>
<i>Potter.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*ton"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
atonement.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*ones</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>At one</u>.]
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Down he fell <i>atones</i> as a stone.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*ton"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>atonique</i>.
See <u>Atony</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Characterized by
atony, or want of vital energy; as, an <i>atonic</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Unaccented; as, an <i>atonic</i>
syllable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of tone vocality; surd.</def>
<i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ton"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word that has no accent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An element of speech entirely destitute of
vocality, or produced by the breath alone; a nonvocal or surd consonant; a
breathing.</def>  <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A remedy capable of allaying
organic excitement or irritation.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>At"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; slackness;
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; tone, strength, &?; to stretch: cf. F.
<i>atonie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Want of tone; weakness of the system, or
of any organ, especially of such as are contractile.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*top"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>On or at the
top.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>At`ra*bi*la"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <hw>At`ra*bi*la"ri*ous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>atrabilarius</i>, fr. L. <i>atra bilis</i>
black bile: cf. F. <i>atrabilaire</i>, fr. <i>atrabile</i>.] <def>Affected
with melancholy; atrabilious.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>At`ra*bi*la"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person much
given to melancholy; a hypochondriac.</def>  <i>I. Disraeli.</i></p>

<p><hw>At`ra*bil"iar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Melancholy;
atrabilious.</def></p>

<p><hw>At`ra*bil"ia*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to <i>atra bilis</i> or black bile, a fluid formerly
supposed to be produced by the kidneys.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Melancholic or hypohondriac; atrabilious; --
from the supposed predominance of black bile, to the influence of which the
ancients attributed hypochondria, melancholy, and mania.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Atrabiliary arteries</b></col>, <col><b>capsules</b></col>, and
<col><b>veins</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>those pertaining to the kidney;
-- called also <i>renal</i> arteries, capsules, and veins.</cd></p>

<p><hw>At`ra*bil"ious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Melancholic or
hypochondriac; atrabiliary.</def>  <i>Dunglision.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A hard-faced, <i>atrabilious</i>, earnest-eyed race.<BR>
<i>Lowell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He was constitutionally <i>atrabilious</i> and scornful.<BR>
<i>Froude.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At`ra*men*ta"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>atramentum</i> ink, fr. <i>ater</i> black.] <def>Black, like ink; inky;
atramental.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>At`ra*men"tal</hw> (&?;), <hw>At`ra*men"tous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to ink; inky; black, like ink;
as, <i>atramental</i> galls; <i>atramentous</i> spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>At`ra*men*ta"ri*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>atramentaire</i>. See <u>Atramentaceous</u>.] <def>Like ink; suitable
for making ink. Sulphate of iron (copperas, green vitriol) is called
<i>atramentarious</i>, as being used in making ink.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*rede</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>at</i> (AS.
<i>&aelig;t</i>) out + <i>rede</i>.] <def>To surpass in council.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Men may the olde atrenne, but hat <i>atrede</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At*renne"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>at</i> +
<i>renne</i> to run.] <def>To outrun.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*tre"si*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; not
perforated.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Absence or closure of a natural passage or
channel of the body; imperforation.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"tri*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to an
atrium.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*trip"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>trip</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Just hove clear of
the ground; -- said of the anchor.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sheeted
home, hoisted taut up and ready for trimming; -- said of sails.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Hoisted up and ready to be swayed across; -- said
of yards.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"tri*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Atria</b></plw> (&?;). [L., the fore court of a Roman house.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A square hall
lighted from above, into which rooms open at one or more levels.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An open court with a porch or gallery around three
or more sides; especially at the entrance of a basilica or other church.
The name was extended in the Middle Ages to the open churchyard or
cemetery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The main part of either auricle
of the heart as distinct from the auricular appendix. Also, the whole
articular portion of the heart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cavity in ascidians into
which the intestine and generative ducts open, and which also receives the
water from the gills. See <u>Ascidioidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||At`ro*cha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; a circle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of
ch&aelig;topod larva in which no circles of cilia are developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*tro"cious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>atrox</i>,
<i>atrocis</i>, cruel, fierce: cf. F. <i>atroce</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Extremely heinous; full of enormous wickedness; as, <i>atrocious</i>
quilt or deeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by, or expressing, great
atrocity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Revelations . . . so <i>atrocious</i> that nothing in
history approaches them.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Very grievous or violent; terrible; as,
<i>atrocious</i> distempers.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Atrocious</u>, <u>Flagitious</u>, <u>Flagrant</u>.
<i>Flagitious</i> points to an act as grossly wicked and vile; as, a
<i>flagitious</i> proposal. <i>Flagrant</i> marks the vivid impression made
upon the mind by something strikingly wrong or erroneous; as, a
<i>flagrant</i> misrepresentation; a <i>flagrant</i> violation of duty.
<i>Atrocious</i> represents the act as springing from a violent and savage
spirit. If Lord Chatham, instead of saying "the <i>atrocious</i> crime of
being a young man," had used either of the other two words, his irony would
have lost all its point, in his celebrated reply to Sir Robert Walpole, as
reported by Dr. Johnson.</p>

<p> -- <wf>A*tro"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>A*tro"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*troc"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Atrocities</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>atrocit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>atrocitas</i>, fr. <i>atrox</i>, <i>atrocis</i>, cruel.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Enormous wickedness; extreme heinousness or
cruelty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An atrocious or extremely cruel deed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The atrocities which attend a victory.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*troph"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
atrophy.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"ro*phied</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
atrophy, as a tissue or organ; arrested in development at a very early
stage; rudimentary.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"ro*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>atrophia</i>, Gr.
&?;; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to nourish: cf. F. <i>atrophie</i>.] <def>A
wasting away from want of nourishment; diminution in bulk or slow
emaciation of the body or of any part.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>At"ro*phy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Atrophied</u> (&?;).] <def>To cause to waste away or become abortive; to
starve or weaken.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"ro*phy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To waste away; to
dwindle.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*tro"pi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Atropine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"ro*pine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; inflexible;
hence &?; &?;, one of the three Parc&aelig;; <grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; to
turn.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A poisonous, white, crystallizable alkaloid,
extracted from the <i>Atropa belladonna</i>, or deadly nightshade, and the
<i>Datura Stramonium</i>, or thorn apple. It is remarkable for its power in
dilating the pupil of the eye. Called also <i>daturine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"ro*pism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
condition of the system produced by long use of belladonna.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"ro*pous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; to turn.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Not inverted;
orthotropous.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"trous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ater</i>.]
<def>Coal-black; very black.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*try"pa</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; a hole.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A extinct genus of
Branchiopoda, very common in Silurian limestones.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"ta*bal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Atabal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||At*tac"ca</hw> (&?;). [It., fr. <i>attaccare</i> to tie, bind. See
<u>Attach</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Attack at once; -- a direction at the
end of a movement to show that the next is to follow immediately, without
any pause.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tach"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Attached</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Attaching</u>.] [OF. <i>atachier</i>, F. <i>attacher</i>, to tie or
fasten: cf. Celt. <i>tac</i>, <i>tach</i>, nail, E. <i>tack</i> a small
nail, <i>tack</i> to fasten. Cf. <u>Attack</u>, and see <u>Tack</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind, fasten, tie, or connect; to make fast or
join; as, to <i>attach</i> one thing to another by a string, by glue, or
the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shoulder blade is . . . <i>attached</i> only to the
muscles.<BR>
<i>Paley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A huge stone to which the cable was <i>attached</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To connect; to place so as to belong; to assign
by authority; to appoint; as, an officer is <i>attached</i> to a certain
regiment, company, or ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To win the heart of; to connect by ties of love
or self-interest; to attract; to fasten or bind by moral influence; -- with
<i>to</i>; as, <i>attached</i> to a friend; <i>attaching</i> others to us
by wealth or flattery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Incapable of <i>attaching</i> a sensible man.<BR>
<i>Miss Austen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . by various ties <i>attaches</i> man to man.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To connect, in a figurative sense; to ascribe or
attribute; to affix; -- with <i>to</i>; as, to <i>attach</i> great
importance to a particular circumstance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Top this treasure a curse is <i>attached</i>.<BR>
<i>Bayard Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To take, seize, or lay hold of.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To take by legal authority: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
To arrest by writ, and bring before a court, as to answer for a debt, or a
contempt; -- applied to a taking of the person by a <i>civil</i> process;
being now rarely used for the arrest of a criminal. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> To
seize or take (goods or real estate) by virtue of a writ or precept to hold
the same to satisfy a judgment which may be rendered in the suit. See
<u>Attachment</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earl marshal <i>attached</i> Gloucester for high
treason.<BR>
<i>Miss Yonge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Attached column</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a column engaged
in a wall, so that only a part of its circumference projects from
it.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To affix; bind; tie; fasten; connect; conjoin; subjoin;
annex; append; win; gain over; conciliate.</p>

<p><hw>At*tach"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To adhere; to be attached.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great interest which <i>attaches</i> to the mere
knowledge of these facts cannot be doubted.<BR>
<i>Brougham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come into legal operation in connection with
anything; to vest; as, dower will <i>attach</i>.</def>  <i>Cooley.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tach"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An attachment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tach"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
attached; esp., liable to be taken by writ or precept.</def></p>

<p><hw>||At`ta*ch&eacute;"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., p. p. of
<i>attacher</i>. See <u>Attach</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>One
attached to another person or thing, as a part of a suite or staff.
Specifically: One attached to an embassy.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tach"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>attachment</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act attaching, or state of
being attached; close adherence or affection; fidelity; regard; an&?;
passion of affection that binds a person; as, an <i>attachment</i> to a
friend, or to a party.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That by which one thing is attached to another;
connection; as, to cut the <i>attachments</i> of a muscle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The human mind . . . has exhausted its forces in the
endeavor to rend the supernatural from its <i>attachment</i> to this
history.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something attached; some adjunct attached to an
instrument, machine, or other object; as, a sewing machine
<i>attachment</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, a device attached to a sewing machine to
enable it to do special work, as tucking, etc.).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Giv. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A seizure
or taking into custody by virtue of a legal process.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The writ or percept commanding such seizure or
taking.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is applied to a seizure or taking either of persons or
property. In the serving of process in a civil suit, it is most generally
applied to the taking of property, whether at common law, as a species of
distress, to compel defendant's appearance, or under local statutes, to
satisfy the judgment the plaintiff may recover in the action. The terms
<i>attachment</i> and <i>arrest</i> are both applied to the taking or
apprehension of a defendant to compel an appearance in a civil action.
<i>Attachments</i> are issued at common law and in chancery, against
persons for contempt of court. In England, <i>attachment</i> is employed in
some cases where <i>capias</i> is with us, as against a witness who fails
to appear on summons. In some of the New England States a writ of
<i>attachment</i> is a species of <i>mesne process</i> upon which the
property of a defendant may be seized at the commencement of a suit and
before summons to him, and may be held to satisfy the judgment the
plaintiff may recover. In other States this writ can issue only against
absconding debtors and those who conceal themselves. See <u>Foreign</u>,
<u>Garnishment</u>, <u>Trustee process</u>.  <i>Bouvier.</i>
<i>Burrill.</i> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Attachment</u>, <u>Affection</u>. The leading idea of
<i>affection</i> is that of warmth and tenderness; the leading idea of
<i>attachment</i> is that of being bound to some object by strong and
lasting ties. There is more of sentiment (and sometimes of romance) in
<i>affection</i>, and more of principle in preserving <i>attachment</i>. We
speak of the ardor of the one, and the fidelity of the other. There is
another distinction in the use and application of these words. The term
<i>attachment</i> is applied to a wider range of objects than
<i>affection</i>. A man may have a strong <i>attachment</i> to his country,
to his profession, to his principles, and even to favorite places; in
respect to none of these could we use the word <i>affection</i>.</p>

<p><hw>At*tack"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Attacked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Attacking</u>.] [F. <i>attaquer</i>, orig. another form of
<i>attacher</i> to attack: cf. It. <i>attacare</i> to fasten, attack. See
<u>Attach</u>, <u>Tack</u> a small nail.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fall
upon with force; to assail, as with force and arms; to assault.</def>
"<i>Attack</i> their lines."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assail with unfriendly speech or writing; to
begin a controversy with; to attempt to overthrow or bring into disrepute,
by criticism or satire; to censure; as, to <i>attack</i> a man, or his
opinions, in a pamphlet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set to work upon, as upon a task or problem,
or some object of labor or investigation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To begin to affect; to begin to act upon,
injuriously or destructively; to begin to decompose or waste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the fourth of March he was <i>attacked</i> by fever.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Hydrofluoric acid . . . <i>attacks</i> the glass.<BR>
<i>B. Stewart.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Attack</u>, <u>Assail</u>, <u>Assault</u>,
<u>Invade</u>.  These words all denote a violent onset; <i>attack</i> being
the generic term, and the others specific forms of attack. To <i>attack</i>
is to commence the onset; to <i>assail</i> is to make a sudden and violent
attack, or to make repeated attacks; to <i>assault</i> (literally, to leap
upon) is to attack physically by a had-to-hand approach or by unlawful and
insulting violence; to <i>invade</i> is to enter by force on what belongs
to another. Thus, a person may <i>attack</i> by offering violence of any
kind; he may <i>assail</i> by means of missile weapons; he may
<i>assault</i> by direct personal violence; a king may <i>invade</i> by
marching an army into a country. Figuratively, we may say, men
<i>attack</i> with argument or satire; they <i>assail</i> with abuse or
reproaches; they may be <i>assaulted</i> by severe temptations; the rights
of the people may be <i>invaded</i> by the encroachments of the crown.</p>

<p><hw>At*tack"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make an onset or
attack.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tack"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>attaque</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of attacking, or falling on with force or
violence; an onset; an assault; -- opposed to <i>defense</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assault upon one's feelings or reputation
with unfriendly or bitter words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A setting to work upon some task, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An access of disease; a fit of
sickness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The beginning of corrosive, decomposing, or
destructive action, by a chemical agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tack"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
attacked.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tack"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
attacks.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>At"ta*gas</hw> (&?;), <hw>At"ta*gen</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>attagen</i> a kind of bird, Gr. &?;, &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of sand grouse (<i>Syrrghaptes
Pallasii</i>) found in Asia and rarely in southern Europe.</def></p>

<p><! p. 98  !></p>

<p><hw>At"ta*ghan</hw> (&abreve;t"t&adot;*g&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Yataghan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tain"</hw> (&abreve;t*t&amacr;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Attained</u> (-t&amacr;nd"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Attaining</u>.] [Of. <i>atteinen</i>,
<i>atteignen</i>, <i>atainen</i>, OF. <i>ateindre</i>, <i>ataindre</i>, F.
<i>atteindre</i>, fr. L. <i>attingere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>tangere</i> to
touch, reach. See <u>Tangent</u>, and cf. <u>Attinge</u>, <u>Attaint</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To achieve or accomplish, that is, to reach by
efforts; to gain; to compass; as, to <i>attain</i> rest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is he wise who hopes to <i>attain</i> the end without the
means?<BR>
<i>Abp. Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gain or obtain possession of; to
acquire.</def> [Obs. with a material object.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To get at the knowledge of; to ascertain.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not well <i>attaining</i> his meaning.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To reach or come to, by progression or motion;
to arrive at.</def> "Canaan he now <i>attains</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To overtake.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To reach in excellence or degree; to
equal.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Attain</u>, <u>Obtain</u>, <u>Procure</u>.
<i>Attain</i> always implies <i>an effort toward</i> an object. Hence it is
not synonymous with <i>obtain</i> and <i>procure</i>, which do not
necessarily imply such effort or motion. We <i>procure</i> or <i>obtain</i>
a thing by <i>purchase</i> or <i>loan</i>, and we <i>obtain</i> by
inheritance, but we do not <i>attain</i> it by such means.</p>

<p><hw>At*tain"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
come or arrive, by motion, growth, bodily exertion, or efforts toward a
place, object, state, etc.; to reach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If by any means they might <i>attain</i> to Phenice.<BR>
<i>Acts xxvii. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor nearer might the dogs <i>attain</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To see your trees <i>attain</i> to the dignity of
timber.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Few boroughs had as yet <i>attained</i> to power such as
this.<BR>
<i>J. R. Green.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come or arrive, by an effort of
mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such knowledge is too wonderful for me; it is high, I can
not <i>attain</i> unto it.<BR>
<i>Ps. cxxxix. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At*tain"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Attainment.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>At*tain`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being attainable; attainableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tain"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being attained or reached by efforts of the mind or body;
capable of being compassed or accomplished by efforts directed to the
object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The highest pitch of perfection <i>attainable</i> in this
life.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obtainable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>General Howe would not permit the purchase of those articles
[clothes and blankets] in Philadelphia, and they were not <i>attainable</i>
in the country.<BR>
<i>Marshall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At*tain"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being attainable; attainability.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tain"der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>ataindre</i>,
<i>ateindre</i>, to accuse, convict. <i>Attainder</i> is often erroneously
referred to F. <i>teindre</i> tie stain. See <u>Attaint</u>,
<u>Attain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of attainting, or the state
of being attainted; the extinction of the civil rights and capacities of a
person, consequent upon sentence of death or outlawry; as, an act of
<i>attainder</i>.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly <i>attainder</i> was the inseparable consequence of a
judicial or legislative sentence for treason or felony, and involved the
forfeiture of all the real and personal property of the condemned person,
and such "corruption of blood" that he could neither receive nor transmit
by inheritance, nor could he sue or testify in any court, or claim any
legal protection or rights. In England <i>attainders</i> are now abolished,
and in the United States the Constitution provides that no bill of
attainder shall be passed; and no attainder of treason (in consequence of a
judicial sentence) shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture, except
during the life of the person attainted.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stain or staining; state of being in dishonor
or condemnation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He lived from all <i>attainder</i> of suspect.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of attainder</b></col>, <cd>a bill brought into, or passed
by, a legislative body, condemning a person to death or outlawry, and
attainder, without judicial sentence.</cd></p>

<p><hw>At*tain"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of attaining; the act of arriving at or reaching; hence, the
act of obtaining by efforts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>attainment</i> of every desired object.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Jones.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is attained to, or obtained by
exertion; acquirement; acquisition; (pl.), mental acquirements; knowledge;
as, literary and scientific <i>attainments</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*taint"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Attainted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Attainting</u>.] [OE. <i>atteynten</i> to convict, fr. <i>atteynt</i>,
OF. <i>ateint</i>, p. p. of <i>ateindre</i>, <i>ataindre</i>. The meanings
3, 4, 5, and 6 were influenced by a supposed connection with <i>taint</i>.
See <u>Attain</u>, <u>Attainder</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To attain; to
get act; to hit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>To find guilty; to convict; --
said esp. of a jury on trial for giving a false verdict.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Upon sufficient proof <i>attainted</i> of some open act by
men of his own condition.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To subject (a person) to the legal
condition formerly resulting from a sentence of death or outlawry,
pronounced in respect of treason or felony; to affect by
attainder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No person shall be <i>attainted</i> of high treason where
corruption of blood is incurred, but by the oath of two witnesses.<BR>
<i>Stat. 7 &amp; 8 Wm. III.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To accuse; to charge with a crime or a
dishonorable act.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To affect or infect, as with physical or mental
disease or with moral contagion; to taint or corrupt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My tender youth was never yet <i>attaint</i><BR>
With any passion of inflaming love.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To stain; to obscure; to sully; to disgrace; to
cloud with infamy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For so exceeding shone his glistring ray,<BR>
That Ph&?;bus' golden face it did <i>attaint</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest she with blame her honor should <i>attaint</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At*taint"</hw>, <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Attainted;
corrupted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*taint"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>attainte</i>. See
<u>Attaint</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A touch or
hit.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A blow or wound on the leg of a
horse, made by overreaching.</def>  <i>White.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ which lies after judgment,
to inquire whether a jury has given a false verdict in any court of record;
also, the convicting of the jury so tried.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A stain or taint; disgrace. See
<u>Taint</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An infecting influence.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*taint"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Attainder;
attainture; conviction.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tain"ture</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Attainder;
disgrace.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Attle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tame"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>atamer</i>,
from Latin. See <u>Attaminate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pierce; to
attack.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To broach; to begin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And right anon his tale he hath <i>attamed</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At*tam"i*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>attaminare</i>; <i>ad</i> + root of <i>tangere</i>. See
<u>Contaminate</u>.] <def>To corrupt; to defile; to contaminate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>At"tar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>'atar</i> perfume,
essence, Ar. <i>'itr</i>, fr. <i>'atara</i> to smell sweet. Cf.
<u>Otto</u>.] <def>A fragrant essential oil; esp., a volatile and highly
fragrant essential oil obtained from the petals of roses.</def> [Also
written <i>otto</i> and <i>ottar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>At*task"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>task</i>.] <def>To take to task; to blame.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*taste</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>taste</i>.] <def>To taste or cause to taste.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>At"te</hw> (&?;). <def>At the.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tem"per</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Attempered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Attempering</u>.] [OF. <i>atemprer</i>, fr. L. <i>attemperare</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>temperare</i> to soften, temper. See <u>Temper</u>, and cf.
<u>Attemperate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce, modify, or
moderate, by mixture; to temper; to regulate, as temperature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If sweet with bitter . . . were not <i>attempered</i>
still.<BR>
<i>Trench.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To soften, mollify, or moderate; to soothe; to
temper; as, to <i>attemper</i> rigid justice with clemency.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mix in just proportion; to regulate; as, a
mind well <i>attempered</i> with kindness and justice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To accommodate; to make suitable; to
adapt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arts . . . <i>attempered</i> to the lyre.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; This word is now not much used, the verb <i>temper</i> taking its
place.</p>

<p><hw>At*tem"per*a*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>attemprement</i>.] <def>A tempering, or mixing in due
proportion.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tem"per*ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>atemprance</i>.] <def>Temperance; attemperament.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tem"per*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>attemperatus</i>, p. p. of <i>attemperare</i>. See <u>Attemper</u>.]
<def>Tempered; proportioned; properly adapted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hope must be . . . <i>attemperate</i> to the promise.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At*tem"per*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
attemper.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>At*tem`per*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
attempering or regulating.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tem"per*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Temperately.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tem"per*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Attemperament.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tempt"</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Attempted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Attempting</u>.] [OF. <i>atenter</i>, also spelt <i>atempter</i>, F.
<i>attenter</i>, fr. L. <i>attentare</i> to attempt; <i>ad</i> +
<i>tentare</i>, <i>temptare</i>, to touch, try, v. intens. of
<i>tendere</i> to stretch. See <u>Tempt</u>, and cf. <u>Attend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make trial or experiment of; to try; to endeavor
to do or perform (some action); to assay; as, to <i>attempt</i> to sing; to
<i>attempt</i> a bold flight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Something <i>attempted</i>, something done,<BR>
Has earned a night's repose.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To try to move, by entreaty, by afflictions, or
by temptations; to tempt.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>It made the laughter of an afternoon<BR>
That Vivien should <i>attempt</i> the blameless king.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To try to win, subdue, or overcome; as, one who
<i>attempts</i> the virtue of a woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dear sir, of force I must <i>attempt</i> you further:<BR>
Take some remembrance of us, as a tribute.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To attack; to make an effort or attack upon; to
try to take by force; as, to <i>attempt</i> the enemy's camp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without <i>attempting</i> his adversary's life.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Try</u>.</p>

<p><hw>At*tempt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make an attempt; --
with <i>upon</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tempt"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A essay, trial, or
endeavor; an undertaking; an attack, or an effort to gain a point; esp. an
unsuccessful, as contrasted with a successful, effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By his blindness maimed for high <i>attempts</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Attempt to commit a crime</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>such an
intentional preparatory act as will apparently result, if not extrinsically
hindered, in a crime which it was designed to effect.</cd>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Attempt</u>, <u>Endeavor</u>, <u>Effort</u>,
<u>Exertion</u>, <u>Trial</u>. These words agree in the idea of calling
forth our powers into action. <i>Trial</i> is the generic term; it denotes
a putting forth of one's powers with a view to determine what they can
accomplish; as, to make <i>trial</i> of one's strength. An <i>attempt</i>
is always directed to some definite and specific object; as, "The
<i>attempt</i>, and not the deed, confounds us." <i>Shak.</i> An
<i>endeavor</i> is a continued attempt; as, "His high <i>endeavor</i> and
his glad success." <i>Cowper.</i> <i>Effort</i> is a specific putting forth
of strength in order to carry out an attempt. <i>Exertion</i> is the
putting forth or active exercise of any faculty or power. "It admits of all
degrees of effort and even natural action without effort." <i>C. J.
Smith.</i> See <u>Try</u>.</p>

<p><hw>At*tempt"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being attempted, tried, or attacked.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tempt"er</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who attempts; one who essays anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assailant; also, a temper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>At*tempt"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to
attempt; adventurous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tend"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Attended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Attending</u>.] [OE. <i>atenden</i>, OF. <i>atendre</i>, F.
<i>attendre</i>, to expect, to wait, fr. L. <i>attendre</i> to stretch,
(sc. <i>animum</i>), to apply the mind to; <i>ad</i> + <i>tendere</i> to
stretch. See <u>Tend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To direct the attention
to; to fix the mind upon; to give heed to; to regard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The diligent pilot in a dangerous tempest doth not
<i>attend</i> the unskillful words of the passenger.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To care for; to look after; to take charge of;
to watch over.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go or stay with, as a companion, nurse, or
servant; to visit professionally, as a physician; to accompany or follow in
order to do service; to escort; to wait on; to serve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fifth had charge sick persons to <i>attend</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Attends</i> the emperor in his royal court.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>With a sore heart and a gloomy brow, he prepared to
<i>attend</i> William thither.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be present with; to accompany; to be united
or consequent to; as, a measure <i>attended</i> with ill effects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What cares must then <i>attend</i> the toiling swain.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be present at; as, to <i>attend</i> church,
school, a concert, a business meeting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To wait for; to await; to remain, abide, or be
in store for.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The state that <i>attends</i> all men after this.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Three days I promised to <i>attend</i> my doom.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Attend</u>, <u>Mind</u>, <u>Regard</u>,
<u>Heed</u>, <u>Notice</u>.  <i>Attend</i> is generic, the rest are
specific terms. To <i>mind</i> is to attend so that it may not be
forgotten; to <i>regard</i> is to look on a thing as of importance; to
<i>heed</i> is to attend to a thing from a principle of caution; to
<i>notice</i> is to think on that which strikes the senses. <i>Crabb.</i>
See <u>Accompany</u>.</p>

<p><hw>At*tend"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To apply the mind, or pay attention, with a view to perceive,
understand, or comply; to pay regard; to heed; to listen; -- usually
followed by <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Attend</i> to the voice of my supplications.<BR>
<i>Ps. lxxxvi. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Man can not at the same time <i>attend</i> to two
objects.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To accompany or be present or near at hand, in
pursuance of duty; to be ready for service; to wait or be in waiting; --
often followed by <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was required to <i>attend</i> upon the committee.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>(with <i>to</i>) To take charge of; to look
after; as, to <i>attend</i> to a matter of business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To wait; to stay; to delay.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For this perfection she must yet <i>attend</i>,<BR>
Till to her Maker she espoused be.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Attend</u>, <u>Listen</u>, <u>Hearken</u>.  We
<i>attend</i> with a view to hear and learn; we <i>listen</i> with fixed
attention, in order to hear correctly, or to consider what has been said;
we <i>hearken</i> when we listen with a willing mind, and in reference to
obeying.</p>

<p><hw>At*tend"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>attendance</i>, OF. <i>atendance</i>, fr. <i>atendre</i>, F.
<i>attendre</i>. See <u>Attend</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Attention; regard; careful application.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Till I come, give <i>attendance</i> to reading.<BR>
<i>1 Tim. iv. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of attending; state of being in waiting;
service; ministry; the fact of being present; presence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Constant <i>attendance</i> at church three times a day.<BR>
<i>Fielding.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Waiting for; expectation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Languishing <i>attendance</i> and expectation of death.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The persons attending; a retinue;
attendants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If your stray <i>attendance</i> by yet lodged.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At*tend"an*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
attending or accompanying; attendance; an attendant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>At*tend"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>attendant</i>,
p. pr. of <i>attendre</i>. See <u>Attend</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being present, or in the train; accompanying; in
waiting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the <i>attendant</i> flotilla rang notes triumph.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Cherub and Seraph . . . <i>attendant</i> on their Lord.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accompanying, connected with, or immediately
following, as consequential; consequent; as, intemperance with all its
<i>attendant</i> evils.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The natural melancholy <i>attendant</i> upon his situation
added to the gloom of the owner of the mansion.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Depending on, or owing duty or
service to; as, the widow <i>attendant</i> to the heir.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Attendant keys</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the keys or scales
most nearly related to, or having most in common with, the principal key;
those, namely, of its fifth above, or dominant, its fifth below (fourth
above), or subdominant, and its relative minor or major.</cd></p>

<p><hw>At*tend"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who attends or accompanies in any character whatever, as a friend,
companion, servant, agent, or suitor.</def> "A train of <i>attendants</i>."
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is present and takes part in the
proceedings; as, an <i>attendant</i> at a meeting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which accompanies; a concomitant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[A] sense of fame, the <i>attendant</i> of noble
spirits.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who owes duty or service to, or
depends on, another.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tend"e*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Intent.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tend"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, attends.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tend"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>atendement</i>.] <def>An attendant circumstance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The uncomfortable <i>attendments</i> of hell.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At*tent"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>attentus</i>, p. p.
of <i>attendere</i>. See <u>Attend</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Attentive; heedful.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let thine ears be <i>attent</i> unto the prayer.<BR>
<i>2 Chron. vi. 40.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At*tent"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Attention; heed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>At*ten"tate</hw> (&?;), <hw>At*ten"tat</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>attentatum</i>, pl. <i>attentata</i>, fr.
<i>attentare</i> to attempt: cf. F. <i>attentat</i> criminal attempt. See
<u>Attempt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An attempt; an assault.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A proceeding in
a court of judicature, after an inhibition is decreed.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any step wrongly innovated or attempted in a suit
by an inferior judge.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*ten"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>attentio</i>:
cf. F. <i>attention</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of
attending or heeding; the application of the mind to any object of sense,
representation, or thought; notice; exclusive or special consideration;
earnest consideration, thought, or regard; obedient or affectionate heed;
the supposed power or faculty of attending.</def></p>

<p><! p. 99  !></p>

<p><blockquote>They say the tongues of dying men<BR>
Enforce <i>attention</i> like deep harmony.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Attention</i> is consciousness and something more. It is
consciousness voluntarily applied, under its law of limitations, to some
determinate object; it is consciousness concentrated.  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act of civility or courtesy; care for the
comfort and pleasure of others; as, <i>attentions</i> paid to a
stranger.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To pay attention to</b></col>, <col><b>To pay one's attentions
to</b></col>, <cd>to be courteous or attentive to; to wait upon as a lover;
to court.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Care; heed; study; consideration; application;
advertence; respect; regard.</p>

<p><hw>At*ten"tive</hw> (&abreve;t*t&ebreve;n"t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>attentif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Heedful; intent; observant; regarding with care or
attention.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Attentive</i> is applied to the senses of hearing and seeing,
as, an <i>attentive</i> ear or eye; to the application of the mind, as in
contemplation; or to the application of the mind, in every possible sense,
as when a person is <i>attentive</i> to the words, and to the manner and
matter, of a speaker at the same time.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heedful of the comfort of others;
courteous.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Heedful; intent; observant; mindful; regardful;
circumspect; watchful.</p>

<p>-- <wf>At*ten"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>At*ten"tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>At*tent"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Attentively.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*ten"u*ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>attenuans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>attenuare</i>: cf. F. <i>att&eacute;nuant</i>. See
<u>Attenuate</u>.] <def>Making thin, as fluids; diluting; rendering less
dense and viscid; diluent.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A medicine that thins or dilutes the fluids; a diluent.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*ten"u*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Attenuated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Attenuating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>attenuatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>attenuare</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>tenuare</i> to make thin, <i>tenuis</i>
thin. See <u>Thin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make thin or slender, as
by mechanical or chemical action upon inanimate objects, or by the effects
of starvation, disease, etc., upon living bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make thin or less consistent; to render less
viscid or dense; to rarefy. Specifically: To subtilize, as the humors of
the body, or to break them into finer parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lessen the amount, force, or value of; to
make less complex; to weaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To undersell our rivals . . . has led the manufacturer to .
. . <i>attenuate</i> his processes, in the allotment of tasks, to an
extreme point.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We may reject and reject till we <i>attenuate</i> history
into sapless meagerness.<BR>
<i>Sir F. Palgrave.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At*ten"u*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become thin,
slender, or fine; to grow less; to lessen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The attention <i>attenuates</i> as its sphere contracts.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>At*ten"u*ate</hw> (&?;), <hw>At*ten"u*a`ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>attenuatus</i>, p. p.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made thin or slender.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made thin or less viscid; rarefied.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*ten`u*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>attenuatio</i>: cf. F. <i>att&eacute;nuation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of making slender, or the state of being slender;
emaciation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of attenuating; the act of making thin
or less dense, or of rarefying, as fluids or gases.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The process of weakening in intensity;
diminution of virulence; as, the <i>attenuation</i> of virus.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&aemacr;tter</i>.]
<def>Poison; venom; corrupt matter from a sore.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>At"ter*cop</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>attercoppa</i> a
spider; <i>&aemacr;tter</i> poison + <i>coppa</i> head, cup.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spider.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A peevish, ill-natured person.</def> [North of
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>At*ter*rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [It.
<i>atterrare</i> (cf. LL. <i>atterrare</i> to cast to earth); L. <i>ad</i>
+ <i>terra</i> earth, land.] <def>To fill up with alluvial earth.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>At`ter*ra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
filling up with earth, or of forming land with alluvial earth.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>At"test"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Attested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Attesting</u>.] [L. <i>attestari</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>testari</i> to bear
witness: cf. F. <i>attester</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bear witness
to; to certify; to affirm to be true or genuine; as, to <i>attest</i> the
truth of a writing, a copy of record.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Facts . . . <i>attested</i> by particular pagan authors.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give proof of; to manifest; as, the ruins of
Palmyra <i>attest</i> its ancient magnificence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To call to witness; to invoke.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sacred streams which Heaven's imperial state<BR>
<i>Attests</i> in oaths, and fears to violate.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At*test"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Witness; testimony;
attestation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>attest</i> of eyes and ears.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At`tes*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>attestatio</i>: cf. F. <i>attestation</i>.] <def>The act of attesting;
testimony; witness; a solemn or official declaration, verbal or written, in
support of a fact; evidence. The truth appears from the <i>attestation</i>
of witnesses, or of the proper officer. The subscription of a name to a
writing as a witness, is an <i>attestation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*test"a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature
of attestation.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>At*test"er</hw> (&?;), <hw>At*test"or</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who attests.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*test"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Attesting;
furnishing evidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Atticus</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to Attica, in Greece, or to Athens, its
principal city; marked by such qualities as were characteristic of the
Athenians; classical; refined.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Attic base</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a peculiar form of
molded base for a column or pilaster, described by Vitruvius, applied under
the Roman Empire to the Ionic and Corinthian and "Roman Doric" orders, and
imitated by the architects of the Renaissance.</cd> -- <col><b>Attic
faith</b></col>, <cd>inviolable faith.</cd> -- <col><b>Attic
purity</b></col>, <cd>special purity of language.</cd> -- <col><b>Attic
salt</b></col>, <col><b>Attic wit</b></col>, <cd>a poignant, delicate wit,
peculiar to the Athenians.</cd> -- <col><b>Attic story</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Attic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Attic style</b></col>,
<cd>a style pure and elegant.</cd></p>

<p><hw>At"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [In sense (<i>a</i>) from F.
<i>attique</i>, orig. meaning Attic. See <u>Attic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A low story above the main order or orders of a facade, in the
classical styles; -- a term introduced in the 17th century. Hence:</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A room or rooms behind that part of the exterior;
all the rooms immediately below the roof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An Athenian; an Athenian author.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"tic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Attic.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>At"ti*cism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A favoring of, or attachment to, the
Athenians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The style and idiom of the Greek language, used
by the Athenians; a concise and elegant expression.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"ti*cize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>To
conform or make conformable to the language, customs, etc., of
Attica.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"ti*cize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
side with the Athenians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use the Attic idiom or style; to conform to
the customs or modes of thought of the Athenians.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tig"u*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>attiguus</i>,
fr. <i>attingere</i> to touch. See <u>Attain</u>.] <def>Touching;
bordering; contiguous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>-- <wf>At*tig"u*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>At*tinge"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>attingere</i>
to touch. See <u>Attain</u>.] <def>To touch lightly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Coles.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tire"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Attired</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Attiring</u>.] [OE. <i>atiren</i> to array, dispose, arrange, OF.
<i>atirier</i>; <i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + F. <i>tire</i> rank,
order, row; of Ger. origin: cf. As. <i>tier</i> row, OHG.
<i>ziar&imacr;</i>, G. <i>zier</i>, ornament, <i>zieren</i> to adorn. Cf.
<u>Tire</u> a headdress.] <def>To dress; to array; to adorn; esp., to
clothe with elegant or splendid garments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Finely <i>attired</i> in a robe of white.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>With the linen miter shall he be <i>attired</i>.<BR>
<i>Lev. xvi. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At*tire"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dress;
clothes; headdress; anything which dresses or adorns; esp., ornamental
clothing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Earth in her rich <i>attire</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll put myself in poor and mean <i>attire</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Can a maid forget her ornament, or a bride her
<i>attire</i>?<BR>
<i>Jer. ii. 32.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The antlers, or antlers and scalp, of a stag or
buck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The internal parts of a flower,
included within the calyx and the corolla.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tired"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Provided with antlers, as a stag.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tire"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Attire;
adornment.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tir"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
attires.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"ti*tude</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>attitudine</i>,
LL. <i>aptitudo</i>, fr. L. <i>aptus</i> suited, fitted: cf. F.
<i>attitude</i>. Cf. <u>Aptitude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Paint. &
Sculp.)</i> <def>The posture, action, or disposition of a figure or
a statue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The posture or position of a person or an
animal, or the manner in which the parts of his body are disposed; position
assumed or studied to serve a purpose; as, a threatening <i>attitude</i>;
an <i>attitude</i> of entreaty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Position as indicating action, feeling, or
mood; as, in times of trouble let a nation preserve a firm <i>attitude</i>;
one's mental <i>attitude</i> in respect to religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>attitude</i> of the country was rapidly changing.<BR>
<i>J. R. Green.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To strike an attitude</b></col>, <cd>to take an attitude for
mere effect.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Attitude</u>, <u>Posture</u>.  Both of these words
describe the visible disposition of the limbs. <i>Posture</i> relates to
their position merely; <i>attitude</i> refers to their fitness for some
specific object. The object of an <i>attitude</i> is to set forth exhibit
some internal feeling; as, <i>attitude</i> of wonder, of admiration, of
grief, etc.  It is, therefore, essentially and designedly
<i>expressive</i>. Its object is the same with that of gesture; viz., to
hold forth and represent. <i>Posture</i> has no such design. If we speak of
<i>posture</i> in prayer, or the <i>posture</i> of devotion, it is only the
natural disposition of the limbs, without any intention to show forth or
exhibit.</p>

<p><blockquote>'T is business of a painter in his choice of
<i>attitudes</i> (<i>positur&aelig;</i>) to foresee the effect and harmony
of the lights and shadows.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Never to keep the body in the same <i>posture</i> half an
hour at a time.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At`ti*tu"di*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
attitude.</def></p>

<p><hw>At`ti*tu`di*na"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
attitudinizes; a posture maker.</def></p>

<p><hw>At`ti*tu`di*na"ri*an*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
practicing of attitudes; posture making.</def></p>

<p><hw>At`ti*tu"di*nize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To assume
affected attitudes; to strike an attitude; to pose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Maria, who is the most picturesque figure, was put to
<i>attitudinize</i> at the harp.<BR>
<i>Hannah More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At`ti*tu"di*ni`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices attitudes.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"tle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Addle</u> mire.]
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>Rubbish or refuse consisting of broken rock containing
little or no ore.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tol"lent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>attollens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>attollere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>tollere</i> to lift.]
<def>Lifting up; raising; as, an <i>attollent</i> muscle.</def>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tonce"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>At</i> +
<i>once</i>.] <def>At once; together.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tone"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See <u>At
one</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>At*torn"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OF. <i>atorner</i>,
<i>aturner</i>, <i>atourner</i>, to direct, prepare, dispose, attorn (cf.
OE. <i>atornen</i> to return, adorn); <i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) +
<i>torner</i> to turn; cf. LL. <i>attornare</i> to commit business to
another, to attorn; <i>ad</i> + <i>tornare</i> to turn, L. <i>tornare</i>
to turn in a lathe, to round off. See <u>Turn</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>To turn, or transfer homage and
service, from one lord to another. This is the act of feudatories, vassals,
or tenants, upon the alienation of the estate.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Modern Law)</i> <def>To agree to become tenant to
one to whom reversion has been granted.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tor"ney</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Attorneys</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>aturneye</i>, OF.
<i>atorn&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>atorner</i>: cf. LL. <i>atturnatus</i>,
<i>attornatus</i>, fr. <i>attornare</i>. See <u>Attorn</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A substitute; a proxy; an agent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And will have no <i>attorney</i> but myself.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who is
legally appointed by another to transact any business for him; an
<i>attorney in fact</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A legal agent
qualified to act for suitors and defendants in legal proceedings; an
<i>attorney at law</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An attorney is either <i>public</i> or <i>private</i>. A
<i>private attorney</i>, or an <i>attorney in fact</i>, is a person
appointed by another, by a letter or power of attorney, to transact any
business for him out of court; but in a more extended sense, this class
includes any agent employed in any business, or to do any act <i>in
pais</i>, for another. A <i>public attorney</i>, or <i>attorney at law</i>,
is a practitioner in a court of law, legally qualified to prosecute and
defend actions in such court, on the retainer of clients. <i>Bouvier.</i> -
- The attorney at law answers to the <i>procurator</i> of the civilians, to
the <i>solicitor</i> in chancery, and to the <i>proctor</i> in the
ecclesiastical and admiralty courts, and all of these are comprehended
under the more general term <i>lawyer</i>. In Great Britain and in some
states of the United States, attorneys are distinguished from counselors in
that the business of the former is to carry on the practical and formal
parts of the suit. In many states of the United States however, no such
distinction exists. In England, since 1873, attorneys at law are by statute
called <i>solicitors</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>A power</b></col>, <col><b>letter</b></col>, or
<col><b>warrant</b></col>, <col><b>of attorney</b></col>, <cd>a written
authority from one person empowering another to transact business for
him.</cd></p>

<p><hw>At*tor"ney</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To perform by
proxy; to employ as a proxy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tor"ney-gen"er*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; (pl.
Attorney-generals or Attorneys-general). <i>(Law)</i> <def>The chief law
officer of the state, empowered to act in all litigation in which the law-
executing power is a party, and to advise this supreme executive whenever
required.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tor"ney*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice or
peculiar cleverness of attorneys.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tor"ney*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
profession of an attorney; agency for another.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*torn"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>attornement</i>, LL. <i>attornamentum</i>. See <u>Attorn</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of a feudatory, vassal, or tenant, by which he
consents, upon the alienation of an estate, to receive a new lord or
superior, and transfers to him his homage and service; the agreement of a
tenant to acknowledge the purchaser of the estate as his landlord.</def>
<i>Burrill. Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tract"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Attracted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Attracting</u>.] [L. <i>attractus</i>, p. p. of <i>attrahere</i>;
<i>ad</i> + <i>trahere</i> to draw. See <u>Trace</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw to, or cause to tend to; esp.
to cause to approach, adhere, or combine; or to cause to resist divulsion,
separation, or decomposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All bodies and all parts of bodies mutually <i>attract</i>
themselves and one another.<BR>
<i>Derham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw by influence of a moral or emotional
kind; to engage or fix, as the mind, attention, etc.; to invite or allure;
as, to <i>attract</i> admirers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Attracted</i> by thy beauty still to gaze.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To draw; allure; invite; entice; influence.</p>

<p><hw>At*tract"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Attraction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tract`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or fact of being attractable.</def>  <i>Sir W. Jones.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tract"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being attracted; subject to attraction.</def>  --
<wf>At*tract"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>At*tract"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, attracts.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tract"ile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power to
attract.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tract"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That attracts.</def>  -
- <wf>At*tract"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>At*trac"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>attractio</i>:
cf. F. <i>attraction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
invisible power in a body by which it draws anything to itself; the power
in nature acting mutually between bodies or ultimate particles, tending to
draw them together, or to produce their cohesion or combination, and
conversely resisting separation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Attraction</i> is exerted at both <i>sensible</i> and
<i>insensible</i> distances, and is variously denominated according to its
qualities or phenomena. Under attraction at <i>sensible</i> distances,
there are, --</p>

<p>(1.) <col><b>Attraction of gravitation</b></col>, which acts at all
distances throughout the universe, with a force proportional directly to
the product of the masses of the bodies and inversely to the square of
their distances apart.</p>

<p>(2.) <col><b>Magnetic</b></col>, <col><b>diamagnetic</b></col>, and
<col><b>electrical attraction</b></col>, each of which is limited in its
sensible range and is polar in its action, a property dependent on the
<i>quality</i> or <i>condition</i> of matter, and not on its quantity.</p>

<p>Under attraction at <i>insensible</i> distances, there are, --</p>

<p>(1.) <col><b>Adhesive attraction</b></col>, attraction between surfaces
of sensible extent, or by the medium of an intervening substance.</p>

<p>(2.) <col><b>Cohesive attraction</b></col>, attraction between ultimate
particles, whether like or unlike, and causing simply an aggregation or a
union of those particles, as in the absorption of gases by charcoal, or of
oxygen by spongy platinum, or the process of solidification or
crystallization. The power in adhesive attraction is strictly the same as
that of cohesion.</p>

<p>(3.) <col><b>Capillary attraction</b></col>, attraction causing a liquid
to rise, in capillary tubes or interstices, above its level outside, as in
very small glass tubes, or a sponge, or any porous substance, when one end
is inserted in the liquid. It is a special case of cohesive attraction.</p>

<p>(4.) <col><b>Chemical attraction</b></col>, or
<col><b>affinity</b></col>, that peculiar force which causes elementary
atoms, or groups of atoms, to unite to form molecules.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or property of attracting; the effect of
the power or operation of attraction.</def>  <i>Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The power or act of alluring, drawing to,
inviting, or engaging; an attractive quality; as, the <i>attraction</i> of
beauty or eloquence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which attracts; an attractive object or
feature.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Allurement; enticement; charm.</p>

<p><hw>At*tract"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>attractif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the power or quality of
attracting or drawing; as, the <i>attractive</i> force of bodies.</def>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attracting or drawing by moral influence or
pleasurable emotion; alluring; inviting; pleasing.</def> "<i>Attractive</i>
graces." <i>Milton.</i> "<i>Attractive</i> eyes."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Flowers of a livid yellow, or fleshy color, are most
<i>attractive</i> to flies.<BR>
<i>Lubbock.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>At*tract"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>At*tract"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>At*tract"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which attracts or
draws; an attraction; an allurement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Speaks nothing but <i>attractives</i> and invitation.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 100  !></p>

<p><hw>At`trac*tiv"i*ty</hw>
(&abreve;t`tr&abreve;k*t&ibreve;v"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or degree of attractive power.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tract"or</hw> (&abreve;t*tr&abreve;kt"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which, attracts.</def>  <i>Sir
T. Browne</i></p>

<p><hw>At"tra*hent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>attrahens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>attrahere</i>. See <u>Attract</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Attracting; drawing; attractive.</def></p>

<p><hw>At"tra*hent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which attracts, as a magnet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The motion of the steel to its
<i>attrahent</i></blockquote>. <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A substance which, by irritating
the surface, excites action in the part to which it is applied, as a
blister, an epispastic, a sinapism.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*trap"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>attraper</i> to
catch; &agrave; (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>trappe</i> trap. See <u>Trap</u> (for
taking game).] <def>To entrap; to insnare.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*trap"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ad</i> +
<i>trap</i> to adorn.] <def>To adorn with trapping; to array.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Shall your horse be <i>attrapped</i> . . . more richly?<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At`trec*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>attrectatio</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>tractare</i> to handle.] <def>Frequent
handling or touching.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*trib"u*ta*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being attributed; ascribable; imputable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Errors . . . <i>attributable</i> to carelessness.<BR>
<i>J. D. Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>At*trib"ute</hw> (&abreve;t"tr&ibreve;*b&umacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Attributed</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Attributing</u>.] [L. <i>attributus</i>, p. p. of
<i>attribuere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>tribuere</i> to bestow.  See
<u>Tribute</u>.] <def>To ascribe; to consider (something) as due or
appropriate (<i>to</i>); to refer, as an effect to a cause; to impute; to
assign; to consider as belonging (<i>to</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>attribute</i> nothing to God that hath any repugnancy
or contradiction in it.<BR>
<i>Abp. Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The merit of service is seldom <i>attributed</i> to the true
and exact performer.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Ascribe</u>.</p>

<p><hw>At"tri*bute</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>attributum</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is attributed; a quality which is
considered as belonging to, or inherent in, a person or thing; an essential
or necessary property or characteristic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But mercy is above this sceptered away; . . .<BR>
It is an <i>attribute</i> to God himself.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reputation.</def> [Poetic]
 <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Paint. &amp; Sculp.)</i> <def>A conventional symbol
of office, character, or identity, added to any particular figure; as, a
club is the <i>attribute</i> of Hercules.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Quality, etc., denoted by an
attributive; an attributive adjunct or adjective.</def></p>

<p><hw>At`tri*bu"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>attributio</i>: cf. F. <i>attribution</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of attributing or ascribing, as a quality, character, or function, to a
thing or person, an effect to a cause.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is ascribed or attributed.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*trib"u*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>attributif</i>.] <def>Attributing; pertaining to, expressing, or
assigning an attribute; of the nature of an attribute.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*trib"u*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A
word that denotes an attribute; esp. a modifying word joined to a noun; an
adjective or adjective phrase.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*trib"u*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
attributive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*trite"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>attritus</i>,
<i>p. p. of atterere</i>; <i>ad</i> + <i>terere</i> to rub. See
<u>Trite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rubbed; worn by friction.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Repentant from fear of
punishment; having attrition of grief for sin; -- opposed to
<i>contrite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tri"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>attritio</i>:
cf. F. <i>attrition</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rubbing
together; friction; the act of wearing by friction, or by rubbing
substances together; abrasion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Effected by <i>attrition</i> of the inward stomach.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being worn.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Grief for sin arising only from
fear of punishment or feelings of shame. See <u>Contrition</u>.</def>
<i>Wallis.</i></p>

<p><hw>At"try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Atter</u>.]
<def>Poisonous; malignant; malicious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>At*tune"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Attuned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Attuning</u>.] [Pref. <i>ad-</i> + <i>tune</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tune or put in tune; to make melodious; to
adjust, as one sound or musical instrument to another; as, to <i>attune</i>
the voice to a harp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To arrange fitly; to make accordant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wake to energy each social aim,<BR>
<i>Attuned</i> spontaneous to the will of Jove.<BR>
<i>Beattie.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*twain"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>atwaine</i>,
<i>atwinne</i>; pref. <i>a-</i> + <i>twain</i>.] <def>In twain;
asunder.</def> [Obs. or Poetic] "Cuts <i>atwain</i> the knots."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*tween"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. or prep.</i></pos> [See
<u>Atwain</u>, and cf. <u>Between</u>.] <def>Between.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Spenser. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*twirl"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>twist</i>.] <def>Twisted; distorted; awry.</def> [R.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*twite"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>attwyten</i>,
AS. <i>&aelig;tw&imacr;tan</i>. See <u>Twit</u>.] <def>To speak
reproachfully of; to twit; to upbraid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*twixt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Betwixt.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*two"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>two</i>.] <def>In two; in twain; asunder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*typ"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*typ"ic*al</hw>, } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>a-</i> not + <i>typic</i>, <i>typical</i>.] <def>That has no
type; devoid of typical character; irregular; unlike the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Au`bade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>aube</i> the
dawn, fr. L. <i>albus</i> white.] <def>An open air concert in the morning,
as distinguished from an evening serenade; also, a pianoforte composition
suggestive of morning.</def>  <i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The crowing cock . . .<BR>
Sang his <i>aubade</i> with lusty voice and clear.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Au`baine"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>aubain</i>
an alien, fr. L. <i>alibi</i> elsewhere.] <def>Succession to the goods of a
stranger not naturalized.</def>  <i>Littr&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Droit d'aubaine</b></col> (&?;), <cd>the right, formerly
possessed by the king of France, to all the personal property of which an
alien died possessed. It was abolished in 1819.</cd>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aube</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ale</u>.] <def>An
alb.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Au`berge"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An inn.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Au"bin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A broken gait of
a horse, between an amble and a gallop; -- commonly called a <i>Canterbury
gallop</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"burn</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>auburne</i> blonde,
OF. <i>alborne</i>, <i>auborne</i>, fr. LL. <i>alburnus</i> whitish, fr. L.
<i>albus</i> white. Cf. <u>Alburn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flaxen-
colored.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Florio.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reddish brown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>auburn</i> locks on either shoulder flowed.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Au*che"ni*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; the neck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The part of the neck nearest
the back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Auc"ta*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>auctarium</i>.]
<def>That which is superadded; augmentation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Auc"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>auctio</i> an
increasing, a public sale, where the price was called out, and the article
to be sold was adjudged to the last increaser of the price, or the highest
bidder, fr. L. <i>augere</i>, <i>auctum</i>, to increase. See
<u>Augment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A public sale of property to the
highest bidder, esp. by a person licensed and authorized for the purpose; a
vendue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The things sold by auction or put up to
auction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ask you why Phryne the whole <i>auction</i> buys ?<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States, the more prevalent expression has been
"sales <i>at</i> auction," that is, by an <i>increase</i> of bids (Lat.
<i>auctione</i>). This latter form is preferable.</p>

<p><col><b>Dutch auction</b></col>, <cd>the public offer of property at a
price beyond its value, then gradually lowering the price, till some one
accepts it as purchaser.</cd>  <i>P. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Auc"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sell by
auction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Auc"tion*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>auctionarius</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to an auction or an
auctioneer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote> With <i>auctionary</i> hammer in thy hand.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Auc`tion*eer"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
sells by auction; a person whose business it is to dispose of goods or
lands by public sale to the highest or best bidder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Auc`tion*eer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sell by auction;
to auction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Estates . . . advertised and <i>auctioneered</i> away.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Au`cu*pa"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aucupatio</i>,
fr. <i>auceps</i>, contr. for <i>aviceps</i>; <i>avis</i> bird +
<i>capere</i> to take.] <def>Birdcatching; fowling.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*da"cious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>audacieux</i>,
as if fr. LL. <i>audaciosus</i> (not found), fr. L. <i>audacia</i>
audacity, fr. <i>audax</i>, <i>-acis</i>, bold, fr. <i>audere</i> to dare.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Daring; spirited; adventurous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As in a cloudy chair, ascending rides<BR>
<i>Audacious</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contemning the restraints of law, religion, or
decorum; bold in wickedness; presumptuous; impudent; insolent.</def> "
Audacious traitor." <i>Shak.</i>  " Such <i>audacious</i> neighborhood."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Committed with, or proceedings from, daring
effrontery or contempt of law, morality, or decorum.</def>
"<i>Audacious</i> cruelty." "<i>Audacious</i> prate."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*da"cious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an audacious
manner; with excess of boldness; impudently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*da"cious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being audacious; impudence; audacity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*dac"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Daring spirit, resolution, or confidence; venturesomeness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The freedom and <i>audacity</i> necessary in the commerce of
men.<BR>
<i>Tatler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reckless daring; presumptuous impudence; --
implying a contempt of law or moral restraints.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With the most arrogant <i>audacity</i>.<BR>
<i>Joye.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Au`di*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being audible; power of being heard; audible capacity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"di*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>audibilis</i>,
fr. L. <i>audire</i>, <i>auditum</i>, to hear: cf. Gr. &?; ear, L.
<i>auris</i>, and E. <i>ear</i>.] <def>Capable of being heard; loud enough
to be heard; actually heard; as, an <i>audible</i> voice or
whisper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"di*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which may be
heard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Visibles are swiftlier carried to the sense than
<i>audibles</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Au"di*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
audible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"di*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to be
heard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"di*ence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>audience</i>, L.
<i>audientia</i>, fr. <i>audire</i> to hear. See <u>Audible</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of hearing; attention
to sounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou, therefore, give due <i>audience</i>, and attend.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Admittance to a hearing; a formal interview,
esp. with a sovereign or the head of a government, for conference or the
transaction of business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>According to the fair play of the world,<BR>
Let me have <i>audience</i>: I am sent to speak.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An auditory; an assembly of hearers. Also
applied by authors to their readers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fit <i>audience</i> find, though few.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He drew his <i>audience</i> upward to the sky.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Court of audience</b></col>, or <col><b>Audience court</b></col>
<i>(Eng.)</i>, <cd>a court long since disused, belonging to the Archbishop
of Canterbury; also, one belonging to the Archbishop of York.</cd>
<i>Mozley &amp; W.</i> -- <col><b>In general</b></col> (or
<col><b>open</b></col>) <col><b>audience</b></col>, <cd>publicly.</cd> --
<col><b>To give audience</b></col>, <cd>to listen; to admit to an
interview.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Au"di*ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>audiens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>audire</i>. See <u>Audible</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Listening; paying attention; as, <i>audient</i> souls.</def>  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"di*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hearer; especially a
catechumen in the early church.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au`di*om"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>audire</i> to
hear + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Acous.)</i> <def>An instrument by which the
power of hearing can be gauged and recorded on a scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"di*phone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>audire</i> to
hear + Gr. &?; sound.] <def>An instrument which, placed against the teeth,
conveys sound to the auditory nerve and enables the deaf to hear more or
less distinctly; a dentiphone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"dit</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>auditus</i> a
hearing, fr. <i>audire</i>. See <u>Audible</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An audience; a hearing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He appeals to a high <i>audit</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An examination in general; a judicial
examination.</def></p>

<p>Specifically: An examination of an account or of accounts, with the
hearing of the parties concerned, by proper officers, or persons appointed
for that purpose, who compare the charges with the vouchers, examine
witnesses, and state the result.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The result of such an examination, or an account
as adjusted by auditors; final account.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet I can make my <i>audit</i> up.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A general receptacle or receiver.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It [a little brook] paid to its common <i>audit</i> no more
than the revenues of a little cloud.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Audit ale</b></col>, <cd>a kind of ale, brewed at the English
universities, orig. for the day of audit.</cd> -- <col><b>Audit
house</b></col>, <col><b>Audit room</b></col>, <cd>an appendage to a
cathedral, for the transaction of its business.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Au"dit</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Audited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Auditing</u>.] <def>To examine and adjust, as an account or accounts;
as, to <i>audit</i> the accounts of a treasure, or of parties who have a
suit depending in court.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"dit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To settle or adjust an
account.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let Hocus <i>audit</i>; he knows how the money was
disbursed.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Au*di"ta que*re"la</hw> (&?;). [L., the complaint having been
heard.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ which lies for a party against whom
judgment is recovered, but to whom good matter of discharge has
subsequently accrued which could not have been availed of to prevent such
judgment.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*di"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>auditio</i>.]
<def>The act of hearing or listening; hearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Audition</i> may be active or passive; hence the
difference between listening and simple hearing.<BR>
<i>Dunglison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Au"di*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>auditif</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to hearing; auditory.</def> [R.]
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"di*tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>auditor</i>, fr.
<i>audire</i>. See <u>Audible</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A hearer or listener.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person appointed and authorized to audit or
examine an account or accounts, compare the charges with the vouchers,
examine the parties and witnesses, allow or reject charges, and state the
balance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who hears judicially, as in an audience
court.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States government, and in the State governments,
there are <i>auditors</i> of the treasury and of the public accounts. The
name is also applied to persons employed to check the accounts of courts,
corporations, companies, societies, and partnerships.</p>

<p><hw>Au`di*to"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Auditory.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Au`di*to"ri*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Auditory</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The part of a church, theater,
or other public building, assigned to the audience.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In ancient churches the <i>auditorium</i> was the nave, where
hearers stood to be instructed; in monasteries it was an apartment for the
reception of strangers.</p>

<p><hw>Au"di*tor*ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
function of auditor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"di*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>auditorius</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to hearing, or to the sense or organs of hearing; as,
the <i>auditory</i> nerve. See <u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Auditory canal</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the tube from the
<i>auditory meatus</i> or opening of the ear to the tympanic
membrane.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Au"di*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>auditorium</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An assembly of hearers; an audience.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An auditorium.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"di*tress</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
hearer.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*dit"u*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Auditory.</def>
[R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Auf</hw> (&add;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>auph</i>,
<i>aulf</i>, fr. Icel. <i>&amacr;lfr</i> elf. See <u>Elf</u>.] [Also spelt
<i>oaf</i>, <i>ouphe</i>.] <def>A changeling or elf child, -- that is, one
left by fairies; a deformed or foolish child; a simpleton; an oaf.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Au` fait"</hw> (&omacr;` f&asl;"). [F. Lit., to the deed, act, or
point. <i>Fait</i> is fr. L. <i>factum</i>. See <u>Fact</u>.] <def>Expert;
skillful; well instructed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*ge"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to Augeus, king of Elis, whose
stable contained 3000 oxen, and had not been cleaned for 30 years. Hercules
cleansed it in a single day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Exceedingly filthy or corrupt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Augean stable</b></col> (Fig.), <cd>an accumulation of
corruption or filth almost beyond the power of man to remedy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Au"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>augoure</i>,
<i>nauger</i>, AS. <i>nafeg&amacr;r</i>, fr. <i>nafu</i>, <i>nafa</i>, nave
of a wheel + <i>g&amacr;r</i> spear, and therefore meaning properly and
originally a nave-bore. See <u>Nave</u> (of a wheel) and 2d <u>Gore</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A carpenter's tool for boring
holes larger than those bored by a gimlet. It has a handle placed crosswise
by which it is turned with both hands. A <i>pod auger</i> is one with a
straight channel or groove, like the half of a bean pod. A <i>screw
auger</i> has a twisted blade, by the spiral groove of which the chips are
discharge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for boring or perforating soils or
rocks, for determining the quality of soils, or the nature of the rocks or
strata upon which they lie, and for obtaining water.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Auger bit</b></col>, <cd>a bit with a cutting edge or blade like
that of an anger.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Au*get"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of <i>auge</i>
trough, fr. L. <i>alveus</i> hollow, fr. <i>alvus</i> belly.]
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>A priming tube connecting the charge chamber with the
gallery, or place where the slow match is applied.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Aught</hw> (&?;), <hw>Aucht</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>&?;ht</i>, fr. <i>&amacr;gan</i> to own, p. p. <i>&amacr;hte</i>.]
<def>Property; possession.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aught</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aught</i>,
<i>ought</i>, <i>awiht</i>, AS. <i>&amacr;wiht</i>, <i>&amacr;</i> ever +
<i>wiht</i>. &radic;136.  See <u>Aye</u> ever, and <u>Whit</u>,
<u>Wight</u>.] <def>Anything; any part.</def>  [Also written
<i>ought</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There failed not <i>aught</i> of any good thing which the
Lord has spoken.<BR>
<i>Josh. xxi. 45</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>But go, my son, and see if <i>aught</i> be wanting.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 101  !></p>

<p><hw>Aught</hw> (&add;t), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At all; in any
degree.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"gite</hw> (&add;"j&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>augites</i>, Gr. <grk>a'ygi`ths</grk>, fr. <grk>a'ygh`</grk> brightness:
cf. F. <i>augite</i>.] <def>A variety of pyroxene, usually of a black or
dark green color, occurring in igneous rocks, such as basalt; -- also used
instead of the general term <i>pyroxene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*git"ic</hw> (&add;*j&ibreve;t"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or like, augite; containing augite as a principal
constituent; as, <i>augitic</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aug*ment"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Augmented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Augmenting</u>.] [L. <i>augmentare</i>, fr. <i>augmentum</i> an
increase, fr. <i>augere</i> to increase; perh. akin to Gr. &?;, &?;, E.
<i>wax</i>, v., and <i>eke</i>, v.: cf. F. <i>augmenter</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To enlarge or increase in size, amount, or degree;
to swell; to make bigger; as, to <i>augment</i> an army by
re&euml;forcements; rain <i>augments</i> a stream; impatience
<i>augments</i> an evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But their spite still serves<BR>
His glory to <i>augment</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To add an augment to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aug*ment"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To increase; to grow
larger, stronger, or more intense; as, a stream <i>augments</i> by
rain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aug"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>augmentum</i>: cf.
F. <i>augment</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Enlargement by addition;
increase.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A vowel prefixed, or a
lengthening of the initial vowel, to mark past time, as in Greek and
Sanskrit verbs.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Greek, the <i>syllabic augment</i> is a prefixed &?;, forming
an intial syllable; the <i>temporal augment</i> is an increase of the
quantity (time) of an initial vowel, as by changing &?; to &?;.</p>

<p><hw>Aug*ment"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
augmentation.</def>  <i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aug`men*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>augmentatio</i>: cf. F. <i>augmentation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of augmenting, or making larger, by addition,
expansion, or dilation; increase.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being augmented;
enlargement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The thing added by way of enlargement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A additional charge to a coat of
arms, given as a mark of honor.</def>  <i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The stage of a disease in which
the symptoms go on increasing.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In counterpoint and fugue, a
repetition of the subject in tones of twice the original length.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Augmentation court</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>a court
erected by Stat. 27 Hen. VIII., to <i>augment</i> the revenues of the crown
by the suppression of monasteries. It was long ago dissolved.</cd>
<i>Encyc. Brit.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Increase; enlargement; growth; extension; accession;
addition.</p>

<p><hw>Aug*ment"a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>augmentatif</i>.] <def>Having the quality or power of augmenting;
expressing augmentation.</def> -- <wf>Aug*ment"a*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Aug*ment"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A
word which expresses with augmented force the idea or the properties of the
term from which it is derived; as, <i>dullard</i>, one very dull. Opposed
to <i>diminutive</i>.</def>  <i>Gibbs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aug*ment"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, augments or increases anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"grim</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Algorism</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Augrim stones</b></col>, <cd>pebbles formerly used in
numeration.</cd> -- <col><b>Noumbres of Augrim</b></col>, <cd>Arabic
numerals.</cd>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"gur</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. Of uncertain origin: the
first part of the word is perh. fr. L. <i>avis</i> bird, and the last
syllable, <i>gur</i>, equiv. to the Skr. <i>gar</i> to call, akin to L.
<i>garrulus</i> garrulous.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An
official diviner who foretold events by the singing, chattering, flight,
and feeding of birds, or by signs or omens derived from celestial
phenomena, certain appearances of quadrupeds, or unusual
occurrences.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who foretells events by omens; a soothsayer;
a diviner; a prophet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Augur</i> of ill, whose tongue was never found<BR>
Without a priestly curse or boding sound.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Au"gur</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Augured</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Auguring</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To conjecture from signs or omens; to
prognosticate; to foreshow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>auguring</i> mind assures the same success.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To anticipate, to foretell, or to indicate a
favorable or an unfavorable issue; as, to <i>augur</i> well or
ill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"gur</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To predict or foretell, as
from signs or omens; to betoken; to presage; to infer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It seems to <i>augur</i> genius.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>augur</i> everything from the approbation the proposal
has met with.<BR>
<i>J. F. W. Herschel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To predict; forebode; betoken; portend; presage;
prognosticate; prophesy; forewarn.</p>

<p><hw>Au"gu*ral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>auguralis</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to augurs or to augury; betokening; ominous;
significant; as, an <i>augural</i> staff; <i>augural</i> books.</def>
"Portents <i>augural</i>."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"gu*rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>auguratus</i>, p. p. of <i>augurari</i> to augur.] <def>To make or take
auguries; to augur; to predict.</def> [Obs.]  <i>C. Middleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"gu*rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of an
augur.</def>  <i>Merivale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au`gu*ra"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>auguratio</i>.] <def>The practice of augury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"gur*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An augur.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*gu"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>augurialis</i>.]
<def>Relating to augurs or to augury.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"gu*rist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An augur.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Au"gur*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To augur.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"gu*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of augury;
foreboding.</def> [Obs.] "Augurous hearts."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"gur*ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office, or
period of office, of an augur.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"gu*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Auguries</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>aucurium</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art or practice of foretelling events by observing the actions of
birds, etc.; divination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An omen; prediction; prognostication; indication
of the future; presage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From their flight strange <i>auguries</i> she drew.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He resigned himself . . . with a docility that gave little
<i>augury</i> of his future greatness.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rite, ceremony, or observation of an
augur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*gust"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>augustus</i>; cf.
<i>augere</i> to increase; in the language of religion, to honor by
offerings: cf. F. <i>auguste</i>. See <u>Augment</u>.] <def>Of a quality
inspiring mingled admiration and reverence; having an aspect of solemn
dignity or grandeur; sublime; majestic; having exalted birth, character,
state, or authority.</def>  "Forms <i>august</i>." <i>Pope.</i>
"<i>August</i> in visage." <i>Dryden.</i> "To shed that <i>august</i>
blood." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So beautiful and so <i>august</i> a spectacle.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To mingle with a body so <i>august</i>.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Grand; magnificent; majestic; solemn; awful; noble;
stately; dignified; imposing.</p>

<p><hw>Au"gust</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Augustus</i>. See
note below, and <u>August</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The eighth month
of the year, containing thirty-one days.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The old Roman name was <i>Sextilis</i>, the <i>sixth</i> month
from March, the month in which the primitive Romans, as well as Jews, began
the year. The name was changed to <i>August</i> in honor of Augustus
C&aelig;sar, the first emperor of Rome, on account of his victories, and
his entering on his first consulate in that month.</p>

<p><hw>Au*gus"tan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Augustanus</i>,
fr. <i>Augustus</i>. See <u>August</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Augustus C&aelig;sar or to his
times.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the town of
Augsburg.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Augustan age</b></col> <cd>of any national literature, the
period of its highest state of purity and refinement; -- so called because
the reign of Augustus C&aelig;sar was the golden age of Roman literature.
Thus the reign of Louis XIV. (b. 1638) has been called the <i>Augustan
age</i> of French literature, and that of Queen Anne (b. 1664) the
<i>Augustan age</i> of English literature.</cd> -- <col><b>Augustan
confession</b></col> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>, <cd>or confession of Augsburg,
drawn up at <i>Augusta Vindelicorum</i>, or Augsburg, by Luther and
Melanchthon, in 1530, contains the principles of the Protestants, and their
reasons for separating from the Roman Catholic church.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Au*gus"tine</hw> (&?;), <hw>Au`gus*tin"i*an</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A member of one of the religious
orders called after St. Augustine; an Austin friar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`gus*tin"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
St. Augustine, bishop of Hippo in Northern Africa (b. 354 -- d. 430), or to
his doctrines.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Augustinian canons</b></col>, <cd>an order of monks once popular
in England and Ireland; -- called also <i>regular canons of St. Austin</i>,
and <i>black canons</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Augustinian hermits</b></col> or
<col><b>Austin friars</b></col>, <cd>an order of friars established in 1265
by Pope Alexander IV. It was introduced into the United States from Ireland
in 1790.</cd> -- <col><b>Augustinian nuns</b></col>, <cd>an order of nuns
following the rule of St. Augustine.</cd> -- <col><b>Augustinian
rule</b></col>, <cd>a rule for religious communities based upon the 109th
letter of St. Augustine, and adopted by the Augustinian orders.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Au`gus*tin"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a class of
divines, who, following St. Augustine, maintain that grace by its nature is
effectual absolutely and creatively, not relatively and
conditionally.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Au`gus*tin"i*an*ism</hw> (&?;), <hw>Au*gus"tin*ism</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrines held by Augustine or by the
Augustinians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*gust"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an august
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*gust"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
august; dignity of mien; grandeur; magnificence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Auk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>alk</i>; akin to
Dan. <i>alke</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>alka</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name
given to various species of arctic sea birds of the family
<i>Alcid&aelig;</i>. The great auk, now extinct, is <i>Alca (or Plautus)
impennis</i>. The razor-billed auk is <i>A. torda</i>.  See <u>Puffin</u>,
<u>Guillemot</u>, and <u>Murre</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Auk"ward</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Awkward</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Au*la"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aula</i> hall.
Cf. LL. <i>aularis</i> of a court.] <def>Relating to a hall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*la"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>At Oxford, England, a
member of a hall, distinguished from a collegian.</def>
<i>Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Auld</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Old</u>.] <def>Old;
as, <i>Auld</i> Reekie (old smoky), <i>i. e.</i>, Edinburgh.</def> [Scot. &
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Auld` lang syne"</hw> (&?;). <def>A Scottish phrase used in
recalling recollections of times <i>long since</i> past.</def> "The days of
<i>auld lang syne</i>."</p>

<p><hw>Au*let"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>auleticus</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; flute.] <def>Of or pertaining to a pipe (flute) or
piper.</def> [R.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"lic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aulicus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; hall, court, royal court.] <def>Pertaining to a royal court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ecclesiastical wealth and <i>aulic</i> dignities.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Aulic council</b></col> <i>(Hist.)</i>, <cd>a supreme court of
the old German empire; properly the supreme court of the emperor. It ceased
at the death of each emperor, and was renewed by his successor. It became
extinct when the German empire was dissolved, in 1806. The term is now
applied to a council of the war department of the Austrian empire, and the
members of different provincial chanceries of that empire are called
<i>aulic councilors</i>.</cd>  <i>P. Cyc.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Au"lic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The ceremony observed in
conferring the degree of doctor of divinity in some European universities.
It begins by a harangue of the chancellor addressed to the young doctor,
who then receives the cap, and presides at the disputation (also called the
<i>aulic</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Auln</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ell. [Obs.] See
<u>Aune</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Aul"nage</hw> (&?;), <hw>Aul"na*ger</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Alnage</u> and <u>Alnager</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Aam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*mail"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. for <i>amel</i>,
<i>enamel</i>.] <def>To figure or variegate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aum"bry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ambry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"me*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A form of
<u>Ambry</u>, a closet; but confused with <u>Almonry</u>, as if a place for
<i>alms</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aun"cel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rude balance for
weighing, and a kind of weight, formerly used in England.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aun"cet*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ancestry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Aune</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Alnage</u>.]
<def>A French cloth measure, of different parts of the country (at Paris,
0.95 of an English ell); -- now superseded by the <i>meter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aunt</hw> (&auml;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>ante</i>, F.
<i>tante</i>, L. <i>amita</i> father's sister. Cf. <u>Amma</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sister of one's father or mother; --
correlative to <i>nephew</i> or <i>niece</i>. Also applied to an uncle's
wife.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Aunt</i> is sometimes applied as a title or term of endearment
to a kind elderly woman not thus related.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old woman; and old gossip.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bawd, or a prostitute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Aunt Sally</b></col>, <cd>a puppet head placed on a pole and
having a pipe in its mouth; also a game, which consists in trying to hit
the pipe by throwing short bludgeons at it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Aun"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Adventure; hap.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>In aunters</b></col>, <cd>perchance.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Aun"ter</hw>, <hw>Aun"tre</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[See <u>Adventure</u>.] <def>To venture; to dare.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Aunt"ie</hw>, <hw>Aunt"y</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A familiar name for an aunt. In the southern United States a familiar
term applied to aged negro women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aun"trous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adventurous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Au"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aur&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>aura</i> air, akin to Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any subtile, invisible emanation, effluvium, or
exhalation from a substance, as the aroma of flowers, the odor of the
blood, a supposed fertilizing emanation from the pollen of flowers,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The peculiar sensation, as of a
light vapor, or cold air, rising from the trunk or limbs towards the head,
a premonitory symptom of epilepsy or hysterics.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Electric aura</b></col>, <cd>a supposed electric fluid,
emanating from an electrified body, and forming a mass surrounding it,
called the <i>electric atmosphere</i>. See <u>Atmosphere</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Au"ral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aura</i> air.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the air, or to an aura.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"ral</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>auris</i> ear.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the ear; as, <i>aural</i> medicine and surgery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*ran`ti*a"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or resembling, the <i>Aurantiace&aelig;</i>, an order of plants
(formerly considered natural), of which the orange is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>auratus</i>, p. p.
of <i>aurare</i> to gild, fr. <i>aurum</i> gold: cf. F. <i>aurate</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combination of auric acid with a base; as,
<i>aurate</i> or potassium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"ra*ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Aurate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling or containing gold; gold-colored;
gilded.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Combined with auric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"ra*ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having ears. See
<u>Aurited</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"re*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aureatus</i>, fr.
<i>aureus</i> golden, fr. <i>aurum</i> gold.] <def>Golden; gilded.</def>
<i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Au*re"li*a</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>aurum</i> gold: cf. F. <i>aur&eacute;lie</i>. Cf. <u>Chrysalis</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The chrysalis, or pupa of an
insect, esp. when reflecting a brilliant golden color, as that of some of
the butterflies.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A genus of jellyfishes. See
<u>Discophora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*re"li*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the aurelia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*re"li*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An amateur collector and
breeder of insects, esp. of butterflies and moths; a
lepidopterist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Au*re"o*la</hw> (&?;), <hw>Au"re*ole</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>aur&eacute;ole</i>, fr. L. <i>aureola</i>, (fem
adj.) of gold (sc. <i>corona</i> crown), dim. of <i>aureus</i>. See
<u>Aureate</u>, <u>Oriole</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Theol.)</i>
<def>A celestial crown or accidental glory added to the bliss of heaven, as
a reward to those (as virgins, martyrs, preachers, etc.) who have overcome
the world, the flesh, and the devil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The circle of rays, or halo of light, with which
painters surround the figure and represent the glory of Christ, saints, and
others held in special reverence.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Limited to the head, it is strictly termed a <i>nimbus</i>; when
it envelops the whole body, an <i>aureola</i>.  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A halo, actual or figurative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The glorious <i>aureole</i> of light seen around the sun
during total eclipses.<BR>
<i>Proctor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>aureole</i> of young womanhood.<BR>
<i>O. W. Holmes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Areola</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"ric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aurum</i> gold.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to gold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from,
gold; -- said of those compounds of gold in which this element has its
higher valence; as, <i>auric</i> oxide; <i>auric</i> chloride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`ri*chal"ce*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aurichalcum</i>, for <i>orichalcum</i> brass.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Brass-colored.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`ri*chal"cite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Aurichalceous</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous carbonate of copper and
zinc, found in pale green or blue crystalline aggregations. It yields a
kind of brass on reduction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"ri*cle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>auricula</i>, dim.
of <i>auris</i> ear. See <u>Ear</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The external ear, or that part of the ear which is
prominent from the head.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The chamber, or one
of the two chambers, of the heart, by which the blood is received and
transmitted to the ventricle or ventricles; -- so called from its
resemblance to the auricle or external ear of some quadrupeds. See
<u>Heart</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An angular or ear-shaped
lobe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument applied to the ears to give aid in
hearing; a kind of ear trumpet.</def>  <i>Mansfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"ri*cled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having ear-shaped
appendages or lobes; auriculate; as, <i>auricled</i> leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Au*ric"u*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Auricul&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;), E. <plw><b>Auriculas</b></plw>
(&?;). [L. <i>auricula</i>. See <u>Auricle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> (a) <def>A species of <i>Primula</i>, or primrose, called
also, from the shape of its leaves, <i>bear's-ear</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A species of <i>Hirneola</i>
(<i>H. auricula</i>), a membranaceous fungus, called also <i>auricula
Jud&aelig;</i>, or <i>Jew's-ear</i>.</def>  <i>P. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus
of air-breathing mollusks mostly found near the sea, where the water is
brackish</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the five arched processes of
the shell around the jaws of a sea urchin.</def></p>

<p><! p. 102  !></p>

<p><hw>Au*ric"u*lar</hw> (&add;*r&ibreve;k"&usl;*l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>auricularis</i>: cf. F. <i>auriculaire</i>.
See <u>Auricle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the ear,
or to the sense of hearing; as, <i>auricular</i> nerves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Told in the ear, <i>i. e.</i>, told privately;
as, <i>auricular</i> confession to the priest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This next chapter is a penitent confession of the king, and
the strangest . . . that ever was <i>auricular</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Recognized by the ear; known by the sense of
hearing; as, <i>auricular</i> evidence.</def> "<i>Auricular</i> assurance."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Received by the ear; known by report.</def>
"<i>Auricular</i> traditions."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the auricles of the
heart.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Auricular finger</b></col>, <cd>the little finger; so called
because it can be readily introduced into the ear passage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Au*ric`u*la"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Neut. pl.,
fr. LL. <i>auricularis</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of holothurian
larva, with soft, blunt appendages. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*ric"u*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an auricular
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*ric"u*lars</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A circle of feathers surrounding the opening of
the ear of birds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Au*ric"u*late</hw> (&?;), <hw>Au*ric"u*la`ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Auricle</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having ears
or appendages like ears; eared. Esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
Having lobes or appendages like the ear; shaped like the ear; auricled.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> Having an angular projection on one
or both sides, as in certain bivalve shells, the foot of some gastropods,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Auriculate leaf</b></col>, <cd>one having small appended leaves
or lobes on each side of its petiole or base.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Au*rif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aurifer</i>;
<i>aurum</i> gold + <i>ferre</i> to bear: cf. F. <i>aurif&egrave;re</i>.]
<def>Gold-bearing; containing or producing gold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whence many a bursting stream <i>auriferous</i> plays.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Auriferous pyrites</b></col>, <cd>iron pyrites (iron
disulphide), containing some gold disseminated through it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Au"ri*flamme</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Oriflamme</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"ri*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>auris</i> ear +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of the human ear; ear-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Au*ri"ga</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., charioteer.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The Charioteer, or Wagoner, a constellation in the
northern hemisphere, situated between Perseus and Gemini. It contains the
bright star Capella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*ri"gal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aurigalis</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a chariot.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Au`ri*ga"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aurigatio</i>,
fr. <i>aurigare</i> to be a charioteer, fr. <i>auriga</i>.] <def>The act of
driving a chariot or a carriage.</def> [R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*rig"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aurum</i> gold
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The art of writing with or in gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"rin</hw> (&add;"r&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aurum</i> gold.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A red coloring matter derived from
phenol; -- called also, in commerce, <i>yellow corallin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`ri*phryg"i*ate</hw>
(&add;`r&ibreve;*fr&ibreve;"j&ibreve;*&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>auriphrigiatus</i>; L. <i>aurum</i> gold + LL. <i>phrygiare</i> to adorn
with Phrygian needlework, or with embroidery; perhaps corrupted from some
other word. Cf. <u>Orfrays</u>.] <def>Embroidered or decorated with
gold.</def> [R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au`ri*pig"ment</hw> (&add;`r&ibreve;*p&ibreve;g"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Orpiment</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Au"ri*scalp</hw> (&add;"r&ibreve;*sk&abreve;lp),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>auris</i> ear + <i>scalpere</i> to scrape.]
<def>An earpick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"ri*scope</hw> (-sk&omacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>auris</i> + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument for
examining the condition of the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*ris"co*py</hw> (&add;*r&ibreve;s"k&osl;*p&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Examination of the ear by the aid of the
auriscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"rist</hw> (&add;"r&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>auris</i> ear.] <def>One skilled in treating and curing disorders of the
ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"ri*ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>auritus</i>, fr.
<i>auris</i> ear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having lobes like the ear;
auriculate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*riv"o*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aurum</i> gold
+ <i>vorare</i> to devour.] <def>Gold-devouring.</def> [R.]  <i>H.
Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au`ro*ceph"a*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Aurum</i> +
<i>cephalous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a gold-colored
head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`ro*chlo"ride</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Aurum</i> +
<i>chloride</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The trichloride of gold combination
with the chloride of another metal, forming a double chloride; -- called
also <i>chloraurate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"rochs</hw> (&add;"r&obreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>auerochs</i>, OHG. <i>&umacr;rohso</i>; <i>&umacr;r</i> (cf. AS.
<i>&umacr;r</i>) + <i>ohso</i> ox, G. <i>ochs</i>. Cf. <u>Owre</u>,
<u>Ox</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European bison (<i>Bison bonasus,
or Europ&aelig;us</i>), once widely distributed, but now nearly extinct,
except where protected in the Lithuanian forests, and perhaps in the
Caucasus. It is distinct from the Urus of C&aelig;sar, with which it has
often been confused.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`ro*cy"a*nide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Aurum</i> +
<i>cyanide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A double cyanide of gold and some
other metal or radical; -- called also <i>cyanaurate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*ro"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Auroras</b></plw> (&?;), L. (rarely used)
<plw><b>Auror&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>aurora</i>, for <i>ausosa</i>,
akin to Gr. &?;, &?;, dawn, Skr. <i>ushas</i>, and E. <i>east</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The rising light of the morning; the dawn of day;
the redness of the sky just before the sun rises.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The rise, dawn, or beginning.</def>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The Roman personification
of the dawn of day; the goddess of the morning. The poets represented her a
rising out of the ocean, in a chariot, with rosy fingers dropping gentle
dew.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of crowfoot.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The aurora borealis or aurora australis
(northern or southern lights).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aurora borealis</b></col> (&?;), <i>i. e.</i>, northern
daybreak; popularly called <i>northern lights</i>. <cd>A luminous meteoric
phenomenon, visible only at night, and supposed to be of electrical origin.
This species of light usually appears in streams, ascending toward the
zenith from a dusky line or bank, a few degrees above the northern horizon;
when reaching south beyond the zenith, it forms what is called the
<i>corona</i>, about a spot in the heavens toward which the dipping needle
points. Occasionally the aurora appears as an arch of light across the
heavens from east to west. Sometimes it assumes a wavy appearance, and the
streams of light are then called <i>merry dancers</i>. They assume a
variety of colors, from a pale red or yellow to a deep red or blood
color.</cd> The <col><b>Aurora australis</b></col> (&?;) <cd>is a
corresponding phenomenon in the southern hemisphere, the streams of light
ascending in the same manner from near the southern horizon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Au*ro"ral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to, or
resembling, the aurora (the dawn or the northern lights); rosy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her cheeks suffused with an <i>auroral</i> blush.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Au"rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Containing gold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from,
gold; -- said of those compounds of gold in which this element has its
lower valence; as, <i>aurous</i> oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Au"rum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Gold.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aurum fulminans</b></col> (&?;). <cd>See <u>Fulminate</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Aurum mosaicum</b></col> (&?;). <cd>See <u>Mosaic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Aus*cult"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To
auscultate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aus"cul*tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To
practice auscultation; to examine by auscultation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aus`cul*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ausculcatio</i>, fr. <i>auscultare</i> to listen, fr. a dim. of
<i>auris</i>, orig. <i>ausis</i>, ear. See <u>Auricle</u>, and cf.
<u>Scout</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
listening or hearkening to.</def>  <i>Hickes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An examination by listening either
directly with the ear (immediate auscultation) applied to parts of the
body, as the abdomen; or with the stethoscope (mediate auscultation), in
order to distinguish sounds recognized as a sign of health or of
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aus"cul*ta`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices auscultation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aus*cul"ta*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to auscultation.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*so"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Ausonia</i>,
poetic name for <i>Italy</i>.] <def>Italian.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aus"pi*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>auspicatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>auspicari</i> to take auspices, fr. <i>auspex</i> a bird seer,
an augur, a contr. of <i>avispex</i>; <i>avis</i> bird + <i>specere</i>,
<i>spicere</i>, to view. See <u>Aviary</u>, <u>Spy</u>.]
<def>Auspicious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aus"pi*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To foreshow; to foretoken.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a favorable turn to in commencing; to
inaugurate; -- a sense derived from the Roman practice of taking the
<i>auspicium</i>, or inspection of birds, before undertaking any important
business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>auspicate</i> all their proceedings.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Aus"pice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Auspices</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>auspicium</i>, fr. <i>auspex</i>:
cf. F. <i>auspice</i>. See <u>Auspicate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A divining or taking of omens by observing birds;
an omen as to an undertaking, drawn from birds; an augury; an omen or sign
in general; an indication as to the future.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Protection; patronage and care;
guidance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which by his <i>auspice</i> they will nobler make.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense the word is generally plural, <i>auspices</i>; as,
under the <i>auspices</i> of the king.</p>

<p><hw>Aus*pi"cial</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to auspices; auspicious.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Aus*pi"cious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Auspice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having omens or tokens of a favorable issue; giving
promise of success, prosperity, or happiness; predicting good; as, an
<i>auspicious</i> beginning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Auspicious</i> union of order and freedom.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Prosperous; fortunate; as, <i>auspicious</i>
years.</def> "<i>Auspicious</i> chief."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Favoring; favorable; propitious; -- applied to
persons or things.</def>  "Thy <i>auspicious</i> mistress." <i>Shak.</i>
"<i>Auspicious</i> gales."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Propitious</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Aus*pi"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Aus*pi"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Aus"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>auster</i> a dry,
hot, south wind; the south.] <def>The south wind.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aus*tere"</hw> (&?;), [F. <i>aust&egrave;re</i>, L. <i>austerus</i>,
fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to parch, dry. Cf. <u>Sear</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sour and astringent; rough to the state; having acerbity; as, an
<i>austere</i> crab apple; <i>austere</i> wine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Severe in modes of judging, or living, or
acting; rigid; rigorous; stern; as, an <i>austere</i> man, look,
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From whom the <i>austere</i> Etrurian virtue rose.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unadorned; unembellished; severely
simple.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Harsh; sour; rough; rigid; stern; severe; rigorous;
strict.</p>

<p><hw>Aus*tere"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Severely; rigidly;
sternly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A doctrine <i>austerely</i> logical.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Aus*tere"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Harshness or astringent sourness to the taste; acerbity.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Severity; strictness; austerity.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aus*ter"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Austerities</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>aust&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>austerias</i>, fr. <i>austerus</i>. See <u>Austere</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sourness and harshness to the taste.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Horsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Severity of manners or life; extreme rigor or
strictness; harsh discipline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>austerity</i> of John the Baptist.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Plainness; freedom from adornment; severe
simplicity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Partly owing to the studied <i>austerity</i> of her dress,
and partly to the lack of demonstration in her manners.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Aus"tin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Augustinian; as,
<i>Austin</i> friars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aus"tral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>australis</i>, fr.
<i>auster</i>: cf. F. <i>austral</i>.] <def>Southern; lying or being in the
south; as, <i>austral</i> land; <i>austral</i> ocean.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Austral signs</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the last six signs
of the zodiac, or those south of the equator.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Aus`tral*a"sian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Australasia; as, <i>Australasian</i> regions.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or an inhabitant of
Australasia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aus*tra"li*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L. Terra
<i>Australis</i> southern land.] <def>Of or pertaining to Australia.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or an inhabitant of
Australia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aus"tral*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Austral</u>.] <def>To tend toward the south pole, as a magnet.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They [magnets] do septentrionate at one extreme, and
<i>australize</i> at another.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Aus"tri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Austria, or to its inhabitants.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native
or an inhabitant of Austria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aus"trine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>austrinus</i>,
from <i>auster</i> south.] <def>Southern; southerly; austral.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aus"tro-Hun*ga"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the monarchy composed of Austria and Hungary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aus"tro*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>auster</i>
south wind + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Soothsaying, or prediction of events,
from observation of the winds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"tar*chy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; independence;
<grk>a'yto`s</grk> self + <grk>'arkei^n</grk> to be sufficient.] <def>Self-
sufficiency.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*then"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>autentik</i>,
OF. <i>autentique</i>, F. <i>authentique</i>, L. <i>authenticus</i> coming
from the real author, of original or firsthand authority, from Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; suicide, a perpetrator or real author of any act, an absolute master;
<grk>a'yto`s</grk> self + a form <grk>"enths</grk> (not found), akin to L.
<i>sons</i> and perh. orig. from the p. pr. of <grk>e'i^nai</grk> to be,
root <i>as</i>, and meaning <i>the one it really is</i>. See <u>Am</u>,
<u>Sin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Effendi</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a genuine original or authority, in
opposition to that which is false, fictitious, counterfeit, or apocryphal;
being what it purports to be; genuine; not of doubtful origin; real; as, an
<i>authentic</i> paper or register.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be avenged<BR>
On him who had stole Jove's <i>authentic</i> fire.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Authoritative.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of approved authority; true; trustworthy;
credible; as, an <i>authentic</i> writer; an <i>authentic</i> portrait;
<i>authentic</i> information.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Vested with all due formalities,
and legally attested.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Having as immediate relation to
the tonic, in distinction from <i>plagal</i>, which has a correspondent
relation to the dominant in the octave below the tonic.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Authentic</u>, <u>Genuine</u>.  These words, as here
compared, have reference to historical documents. We call a document
<i>genuine</i> when it can be traced back ultimately to the author or
authors from whom it professes to emanate. Hence, the word has the meaning,
"not changed from the original, uncorrupted, unadulterated:" as, a
<i>genuine</i> text. We call a document <i>authentic</i> when, on the
ground of its being thus traced back, it may be relied on as true and
authoritative (from the primary sense of "having an author, vouched for");
hence its extended signification, in general literature, of trustworthy, as
resting on unquestionable authority or evidence; as, an <i>authentic</i>
history; an <i>authentic</i> report of facts.</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>genuine</i> book is that which was written by the
person whose name it bears, as the author of it. An <i>authentic</i> book
is that which relates matters of fact as they really happened. A book may
be <i>genuine</i> without being, <i>authentic</i>, and a book may be
<i>authentic</i> without being <i>genuine</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Watson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>It may be said, however, that some writers use <i>authentic</i> (as, an
<i>authentic</i> document) in the sense of "produced by its professed
author, not counterfeit."</p>

<p><hw>Au*then"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An original (book or
document).</def> [Obs.] "<i>Authentics</i> and transcripts."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*then"tic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Authentic.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Au*then"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an authentic
manner; with the requisite or genuine authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*then*tic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being authentic; authenticity.</def> [R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*then"ti*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Authenticated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Authenticating</u> (&?;).] [Cf. LL. <i>authenticare</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render authentic; to give authority to, by the
proof, attestation, or formalities required by law, or sufficient to
entitle to credit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king serves only as a notary to <i>authenticate</i> the
choice of judges.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prove authentic; to determine as real and
true; as, to <i>authenticate</i> a portrait.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au`then*tic"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>authenticit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being
authentic or of established authority for truth and correctness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Genuineness; the quality of being genuine or not
corrupted from the original.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In later writers, especially those on the evidences of
Christianity, <i>authenticity</i> is often restricted in its use to the
first of the above meanings, and distinguished from <i>qenuineness</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Au*then"tic*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Authentically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*then"tic*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being authentic; authenticity.</def> [R.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*then"tics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ciwil Law)</i>
<def>A collection of the Novels or New Constitutions of Justinian, by an
anonymous author; -- so called on account of its <i>authenticity</i>.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"thor</hw> (&add;"th&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>authour</i>, <i>autour</i>, OF. <i>autor</i>, F. <i>auteur</i>, fr. L.
<i>auctor</i>, sometimes, but erroneously, written <i>autor</i> or
<i>author</i>, fr. <i>augere</i> to increase, to produce. See
<u>Auction</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The beginner,
former, or first mover of anything; hence, the efficient cause of a thing;
a creator; an originator.</def></p>

<p><! p. 103  !></p>

<p><blockquote>Eternal King; thee, <i>Author</i> of all being.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who composes or writes a book; a composer,
as distinguished from an editor, translator, or compiler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The chief glory of every people arises from its
<i>authors</i>.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The editor of a periodical.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An informant.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"thor</hw> (&add;"th&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To occasion; to originate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such an overthrow . . . I have <i>authored</i>.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tell; to say; to declare.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>More of him I dare not <i>author</i>.<BR>
<i>Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Au"thor*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female author.</def>
<i>Glover.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The word is not very much used, <i>author</i> being commonly
applied to a female writer as well as to a male.</p>

<p><hw>Au*tho"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to an author.</def> "The <i>authorial</i> &?;we.'"  <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"thor*ism</hw> (&add;"th&etilde;r*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Authorship.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Au*thor"i*ta*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having, or proceeding from, due authority; entitled
to obedience, credit, or acceptance; determinate; commanding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sacred functions of <i>authoritative</i> teaching.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having an air of authority; positive;
dictatorial; peremptory; as, an <i>authoritative</i> tone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mock <i>authoritative</i> manner of the one, and the
insipid mirth of the other.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Au*thor"i*ta*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Au*thor"i*ta*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Au*thor"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Authorities</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>autorite</i>,
<i>auctorite</i>, F. <i>autorit&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>auctoritas</i>, fr.
<i>auctor</i>. See <u>Author</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Legal or rightful power; a right to command or to act; power exercised
buy a person in virtue of his office or trust; dominion; jurisdiction;
authorization; as, the <i>authority</i> of a prince over subjects, and of
parents over children; the <i>authority</i> of a court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus can the demigod, <i>Authority</i>,<BR>
Make us pay down for our offense.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By what <i>authority</i> doest thou these things ?<BR>
<i>Matt. xxi. 23.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Government; the persons or the body exercising
power or command; as, the local <i>authorities</i> of the States; the
military <i>authorities</i>.</def> [Chiefly in the plural.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>The power derived from opinion, respect, or
esteem; influence of character, office, or station, or mental or moral
superiority, and the like; claim to be believed or obeyed; as, an historian
of no <i>authority</i>; a magistrate of great <i>authority</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>That which, or one who, is claimed or appealed
to in support of opinions, actions, measures, etc.</def> Hence:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Testimony; witness.</def> "And on that high
<i>authority</i> had believed." <i>Milton.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
precedent; a decision of a court, an official declaration, or an opinion,
saying, or statement worthy to be taken as a precedent.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A book containing such a statement or opinion, or
the author of the book.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Justification;
warrant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wilt thou be glass wherein it shall discern<BR>
<i>Authority</i> for sin, warrant for blame.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Au"thor*i`za*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>authorisabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being authorized.</def>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au`thor*i*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>autorisation</i>.] <def>The act of giving authority or legal power;
establishment by authority; sanction or warrant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>authorization</i> of laws.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A special <i>authorization</i> from the chief.<BR>
<i>Merivale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Au"thor*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Authorized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Authorizing</u>.] [OE. <i>autorize</i>, F. <i>autoriser</i>, fr. LL.
<i>auctorizare</i>, <i>authorisare</i>. See <u>Author</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To clothe with authority, warrant, or legal power;
to give a right to act; to empower; as, to <i>authorize</i> commissioners
to settle a boundary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To make legal; to give legal sanction to; to
legalize; as, to <i>authorize</i> a marriage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To establish by authority, as by usage or public
opinion; to sanction; as, idioms <i>authorized</i> by usage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To sanction or confirm by the authority of some
one; to warrant; as, to <i>authorize</i> a report.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman's story at a winter's fire,<BR>
<i>Authorized</i> by her grandam.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To justify; to furnish a ground for.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To authorize one's self</b></col>, <cd>to rely for
authority.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Authorizing himself</i>, for the most part, upon other
histories.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i>
</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Au"thor*ized</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Possessed of or endowed with authority; as, an <i>authorized</i>
agent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sanctioned by authority.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Authorized Version</b></col> <cd>of the Bible is the English
translation of the Bible published in 1611 under sanction of King James I.
It was "appointed to be read in churches," and has been the accepted
English Bible. The Revised Version was published in a complete form in
1855.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Au"thor*i`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
authorizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"thor*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without an author;
without authority; anonymous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"thor*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Authorial.</def> [R.]
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"thor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being an author; function or dignity of an
author.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Source; origin; origination; as, the
<i>authorship</i> of a book or review, or of an act, or state of
affairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"tho*type</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A type or block
containing a facsimile of an autograph.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"to-</hw> (&?;). [Gr. &?; self.] <def>A combining form, with the
meaning of <i>self</i>, <i>one's self</i>, <i>one's own</i>, <i>itself</i>,
<i>its own</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*bi*og"ra*pher</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> +
<i>biographer</i>.] <def>One who writers his own life or
biography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Au`to*bi`o*graph"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Au`to*bi`o*graph"ic*al</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or containing,
autobiography; as, an <i>autobiographical</i> sketch.</def> "Such traits of
the <i>autobiographic</i> sort." <i>Carlyle.</i> --
<wf>Au`to*bi`o*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*bi*og"ra*phist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
writes his own life; an autobiographer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Au`to*bi*og"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Autobiographies</b></plw> (&?;). [<i>Auto-</i> + <i>biography</i>.]
<def>A biography written by the subject of it; memoirs of one's life
written by one's self.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Au`to*car"pous</hw> (&?;), <hw>Au`to*car"pi*an</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> + Gr. <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Consisting of the ripened pericarp with no other parts
adnate to it, as a peach, a poppy capsule, or a grape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*ceph"a*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
independent; &?; self + &?; head.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>Having its own
head; independent of episcopal or patriarchal jurisdiction, as certain
Greek churches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*chron"o*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> +
<i>chronograph</i>.] <def>An instrument for the instantaneous self-
recording or printing of time.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*toch"thon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Authochthons</b></plw> (&?;), L. <plw><b>Autochthones</b></plw>
(&?;). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, pl. &?;, from the land itself; <grk>a'yto`s</grk>
self + &?; earth, land.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is supposed to
rise or spring from the ground or the soil he inhabits; one of the original
inhabitants or aborigines; a native; -- commonly in the plural. This title
was assumed by the ancient Greeks, particularly the Athenians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is original to a particular country,
or which had there its origin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Au*toch"tho*nal</hw> (&?;), <hw>Au`thoch*thon"ic</hw> (&?;),
<hw>Au*toch"tho*nous</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Aboriginal;
indigenous; native.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*toch"tho*nism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being autochthonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*toch"tho*ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An aboriginal or
autochthonous condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"to*clave</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Gr.
<grk>a'yto`s</grk> self + L. <i>clavis</i> key.] <def>A kind of French
stewpan with a steam-tight lid.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*toc"ra*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Autocracies</b></plw>. [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>autocratie</i>. See
<u>Autocrat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Independent or self-derived
power; absolute or controlling authority; supremacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The divine will moves, not by the external impulse or
inclination of objects, but determines itself by an absolute
<i>autocracy</i>.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Supreme, uncontrolled, unlimited authority, or
right of governing in a single person, as of an autocrat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Political independence or absolute sovereignty
(of a state); autonomy.</def>  <i>Barlow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The action of the vital principle,
or of the instinctive powers, toward the preservation of the individual;
also, the vital principle.</def>  [In this sense, written also
<i>autocrasy</i>.]  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"to*crat</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; self + &?;
strength, &?; strong: cf. F. <i>autocrate</i>. See <u>Hard</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An absolute sovereign; a
monarch who holds and exercises the powers of government by claim of
absolute right, not subject to restriction; as, <i>Autocrat</i> of all the
Russias (a title of the Czar).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who rules with undisputed sway in any
company or relation; a despot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>autocrat</i> of the breakfast table.<BR>
<i>Holmes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Au`to*crat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Au`to*crat"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to autocracy or to an autocrat;
absolute; holding independent and arbitrary powers of government.</def> --
<wf>Au`to*crat"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Au*toc"ra*tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>An
autocrat.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Au`to*cra*tor"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to an autocrator; absolute.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Au*toc"ra*trix</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
female sovereign who is independent and absolute; -- a title given to the
empresses of Russia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"to*crat*ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
dignity of an autocrat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Au"to-da-f&eacute;"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Autos-da-f&eacute;</b></plw> (&?;). [Pg., act of the faith;
<i>auto</i> act, fr. L. <i>actus</i> + <i>da</i> of the + <i>f&eacute;</i>
faith, fr. L. <i>fides</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A judgment of the
Inquisition in Spain and Portugal condemning or acquitting persons accused
of religious offenses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An execution of such sentence, by the civil
power, esp. the burning of a heretic. It was usually held on Sunday, and
was made a great public solemnity by impressive forms and
ceremonies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A session of the court of Inquisition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Au"to-de-fe"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Autos-de-fe</b></plw>. [Sp., act of faith.] <def>Same as <u>Auto-
da-f&eacute;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"to*di*dact`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; self-
taught.] <def>One who is self-taught; an automath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*dy*nam"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> +
<i>dynamic</i>.] <def>Supplying its own power; -- applied to an instrument
of the nature of a water-ram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*fec`un*da"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i>
+ <i>fecundation</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Self-impregnation.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*tog"a*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Characterized by autogamy; self-fertilized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*tog"a*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> + Gr. &?;
marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Self-fertilization, the fertilizing pollen
being derived from the same blossom as the pistil acted upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*ge"ne*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Self-produced;
autogenous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Au`to*gen"e*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> +
<i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Spontaneous generation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*ge*net"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Relating to autogenesis; self-generated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*tog"e*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; self +
root of &?; to be born.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Self-
generated; produced independently.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Developed from an independent
center of ossification.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Autogenous soldering</b></col>, <cd>the junction by fusion of
the joining edges of metals without the intervention of solder.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Au*tog"e*nous*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
autogenous manner; spontaneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"to*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>autographe</i>,
fr. Gr. &?; autographic; &?; self + &?; to write.] <def>That which is
written with one's own hand; an original manuscript; a person's own
signature or handwriting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"to*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In one's own
handwriting; as, an <i>autograph</i> letter; an <i>autograph</i>
will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*tog"ra*phal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Autographic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Au`to*graph"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Au`to*graph"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to an autograph, or
one's own handwriting; of the nature of an autograph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or used in, the process of
autography; as, <i>autographic</i> ink, paper, or press.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*tog"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>autographie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science of autographs; a
person's own handwriting; an autograph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A process in lithography by which a writing or
drawing is transferred from paper to stone.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*tol"a*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> + Gr.
&?; worship.] <def>Self-worship.</def>  <i>Farrar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"to*math</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; self +
&?;, &?;, to learn.] <def>One who is self-taught.</def> [R.]
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Au`to*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Au`to*mat"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>automatique</i>. See <u>Automaton</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having an inherent power of action or
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing can be said to be <i>automatic</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Davy.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or produced by, an automaton; of
the nature of an automaton; self-acting or self-regulating under fixed
conditions; -- esp. applied to machinery or devices in which certain things
formerly or usually done by hand are done by the machine or device itself;
as, the <i>automatic</i> feed of a lathe; <i>automatic</i> gas lighting; an
<i>automatic</i> engine or switch; an <i>automatic</i> mouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not voluntary; not depending on the will;
mechanical; as, <i>automatic</i> movements or functions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unconscious or <i>automatic</i> reasoning.<BR>
<i>H. Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Automatic arts</b></col>, <cd>such economic arts or manufacture
as are carried on by self-acting machinery.</cd>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*mat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an automatic
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*tom"a*tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being automatic; the power of self-moving; automatic,
mechanical, or involuntary action. <i>(Metaph.)</i> A theory as to the
activity of matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*tom"a*ton</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Automata</b></plw> (&?;), E. <plw><b>Automatons</b></plw> (&?;).
[L. fr. Gr. &?;, neut. of &?; self-moving; &?; self + a root <i>ma</i>,
<i>man</i>, to strive, think, cf. &?; to strive. See <u>Mean</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any thing or being
regarded as having the power of spontaneous motion or action.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So great and admirable an <i>automaton</i> as the world.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>These living <i>automata</i>, human bodies.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A self-moving machine, or one which has its
motive power within itself; -- applied chiefly to machines which appear to
imitate spontaneously the motions of living beings, such as men, birds,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*tom"a*tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>automatus</i>,
Gr. &?;. See <u>Automaton</u>.] <def>Automatic.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Automatous</i> organs."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*mor"phic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> + Gr.
&?; for, shape.] <def>Patterned after one's self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The conception which any one frames of another's mind is
more or less after the pattern of his own mind, -- is
<i>automorphic</i>.<BR>
<i>H. Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*mor"phism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Automorphic
characterization.</def>  <i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*nom"a*sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> + Gr.
&?; a name, fr. &?; a name; or for E. <i>antonomasia</i>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<def>The use of a word of common or general signification for the name of a
particular thing; as, "He has gone to <i>town</i>," for, "He has gone to
<i>London</i>."</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*nom"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the power
of self-government; autonomous.</def>  <i>Hickok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"ton"o*mist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>automiste</i>. See <u>Autonomy</u>.] <def>One who advocates
autonomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*ton"o*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; self +
&?; to assign, hold, sway.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Independent in
government; having the right or power of self-government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having independent existence or
laws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*ton"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>autonomie</i>. See <u>Autonomous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The power
or right of self-government; self-government, or political independence, of
a city or a state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The sovereignty of reason in
the sphere of morals; or man's power, as possessed of reason, to give law
to himself. In this, according to Kant, consist the true nature and only
possible proof of liberty.</def>  <i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Au*toph"a*gi</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; self + &?; to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Birds which are able to
run about and obtain their own food as soon as hatched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*toph"o*by</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> + Gr.
&?; fear.] <def>Fear of one's self; fear of being egotistical.</def> [R.]
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au*toph"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> + Gr.
&?; a sound.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An auscultatory process, which consists in
noting the tone of the observer's own voice, while he speaks, holding his
head close to the patient's chest.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*plas"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to autoplasty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"to*plas`ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> + <i>-
plasty</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The process of artificially repairing
lesions by taking a piece of healthy tissue, as from a neighboring part, to
supply the deficiency caused by disease or wounds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Au*top"sic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Au*top"sic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to autopsy; autoptical.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Au*top"so*rin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> + Gr.
&?; the itch.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>That which is given under the doctrine of
administering a patient's own virus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"top*sy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; seen by
one's self; &?; self + &?; seen: cf. F. <i>autopsie</i>. See <u>Optic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Personal observation or
examination; seeing with one's own eyes; ocular view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>autopsy</i> and experiment.<BR>
<i>Cudworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Dissection of a dead body, for the
purpose of ascertaining the cause, seat, or nature of a disease; a post-
mortem examination.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Au*top"tic</hw> (&add;*t&obreve;p"t&ibreve;k),
<hw>Au*top"tic*al</hw> (-t&ibreve;k*<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>a'ytoptiko`s</grk>: cf. F. <i>autoptique</i>.] <def>Seen with one's
own eyes; belonging to, or connected with, personal observation; as,
<i>autoptic</i> testimony or experience.</def></p>

<p><! p. 104  !></p>

<p><hw>Au*top"tic*al*ly</hw>
(&add;*t&obreve;p"t&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>By means of ocular view, or one's own observation.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Au`to*sche`di*as"tic</hw>
(&add;`t&osl;*sk&emacr;`d&ibreve;*&abreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<hw>Au`to*sche`di*as"tic*al</hw> (-&abreve;s"t&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> + Gr. <grk>schedia`zein</grk> to do
hastily. See <u>Schediasm</u>.] <def>Extemporary; offhand.</def> [R.]
<i>Dean Martin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*styl"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> + Gr.
<grk>sty^los</grk> pillar.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the mandibular arch
articulated directly to the cranium, as in the skulls of the
Amphibia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"to*the`ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> +
theism.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine of God's self-
existence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deification of one's self; self-worship.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Au"to*the`ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One given to self-
worship.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Au"to*type</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> + <i>-
type</i>: cf. F. <i>autotype</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
facsimile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A photographic picture produced in sensitized
pigmented gelatin by exposure to light under a negative; and subsequent
washing out of the soluble parts; a kind of picture in ink from a gelatin
plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*ty*pog"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Auto-</i> +
<i>typography</i>.] <def>A process resembling "nature printing," by which
drawings executed on gelatin are impressed into a soft metal plate, from
which the printing is done as from copperplate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*tot"y*py</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or process
of making autotypes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"tumn</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>auctumnus</i>,
<i>autumnus</i>, perh. fr. a root <i>av</i> to satisfy one's self: cf. F.
<i>automne</i>. See <u>Avarice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The third
season of the year, or the season between summer and winter, often called
"the fall." Astronomically, it begins in the northern temperate zone at the
autumnal equinox, about September 23, and ends at the winter solstice,
about December 23; but in popular language, autumn, in America, comprises
September, October, and November.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, according to Johnson, <i>autumn</i> popularly
comprises August, September, and October. In the southern hemisphere, the
<i>autumn</i> corresponds to our spring.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The harvest or fruits of autumn.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The time of maturity or decline; latter portion;
third stage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dr. Preston was now entering into the <i>autumn</i> of the
duke's favor.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Life's <i>autumn</i> past, I stand on winter's verge.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Au*tum"nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>auctumnalis</i>,
<i>autumnalis</i>: cf. F. <i>automnal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of,
belonging to, or peculiar to, autumn; as, an <i>autumnal</i> tint; produced
or gathered in autumn; as, <i>autumnal</i> fruits; flowering in autumn; as,
an <i>autumnal</i> plant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thick as <i>autumnal</i> leaves that strow the brooks<BR>
In Vallombrosa.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Past the middle of life; in the third
stage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>autumnal</i> matron.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Autumnal equinox</b></col>, <cd>the time when the sun crosses
the equator, as it proceeds southward, or when it passes the autumnal
point.</cd> -- <col><b>Autumnal point</b></col>, <cd>the point of the
equator intersected by the ecliptic, as the sun proceeds southward; the
first point of Libra.</cd> -- <col><b>Autumnal signs</b></col>, <cd>the
signs Libra, Scorpio, and Sagittarius, through which the sun passes between
the autumnal equinox and winter solstice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Aux`a*nom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to cause
to increase + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument to measure the growth of
plants.</def>  <i>Goodale.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Aux*e"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., Gr. &?; increase,
fr. &?;, &?;, to increase.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by which a grave
and magnificent word is put for the proper word; amplification;
hyperbole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aux*et"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, auxesis; amplifying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aux*il"iar</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>auxiliaris</i>: cf. F. <i>auxiliaire</i>. See <u>Auxiliary</u>.]
<def>Auxiliary.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>auxiliar</i> troops and Trojan hosts appear.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Aux*il"iar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An auxiliary.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aux*il"iar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
help.</def>  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aux*il"ia*ry</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>auxiliarius</i>, fr. <i>auxilium</i> help, aid, fr. <i>augere</i> to
increase.] <def>Conferring aid or help; helping; aiding; assisting;
subsidiary; as <i>auxiliary</i> troops.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Auxiliary scales</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the scales of
relative or attendant keys. See under <u>Attendant</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Auxiliary verbs</b></col>
<i>(Gram.)</i>. <cd>See <u>Auxiliary</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Aux*il"ia*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Auxiliaries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A helper; an
assistant; a confederate in some action or enterprise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <i>pl.</i> <def>Foreign troops in the
service of a nation at war; (rarely in <pos><i>sing.</i></pos>), a member
of the allied or subsidiary force.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A verb which helps to form the
voices, modes, and tenses of other verbs; -- called, also, an <i>auxiliary
verb</i>; as, <i>have</i>, <i>be</i>, <i>may</i>, <i>can</i>, <i>do</i>,
<i>must</i>, <i>shall</i>, and <i>will</i>, in English; <i>&ecirc;tre</i>
and <i>avoir</i>, in French; <i>avere</i> and <i>essere</i>, in Italian;
<i>estar</i> and <i>haber</i>, in Spanish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A quantity introduced for the
purpose of simplifying or facilitating some operation, as in equations or
trigonometrical formul&aelig;.</def>  <i>Math. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aux*il"ia*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Auxiliary;
helping.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||A"va</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Kava</u>.</def>  <i>Johnston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Av`a*da*vat"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Amadavat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vail"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Availed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Availing</u>.] [OE. <i>availen</i>, fr. F. &?; (L. <i>ad</i>) +
<i>valoir</i> to be worth, fr. L. <i>valere</i> to be strong, to be worth.
See <u>Valiant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn to the advantage of;
to be of service to; to profit; to benefit; to help; as, artifices will not
<i>avail</i> the sinner in the day of judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, what <i>avails</i> me now that honor high !<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To promote; to assist.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To avail one's self of</b></col>, <cd>to make use of; take
advantage of.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Then shall they seek to <i>avail themselves</i> of
names.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>availed myself</i> of the very first
opportunity.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vail"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be of use or
advantage; to answer the purpose; to have strength, force, or efficacy
sufficient to accomplish the object; as, the plea in bar must <i>avail</i>,
that is, be sufficient to defeat the suit; this scheme will not
<i>avail</i>; medicines will not <i>avail</i> to check the disease.</def>
"What signs <i>avail</i> ?"  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Words <i>avail</i> very little with me, young man.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vail"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Profit; advantage toward success; benefit; value; as, labor, without
economy, is of little <i>avail</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>avail</i> of a deathbed repentance.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Proceeds; as, the <i>avails</i> of a
sale by auction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>avails</i> of their own industry.<BR>
<i>Stoddard.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Use; benefit; utility; profit; service.</p>

<p><hw>A*vail"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Avale</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vail`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Availabilities</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality
of being available; availableness.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word is sometimes used derogatively in the sense of "mere
availableness," or capability of success without regard to worthiness.</p>

<p><blockquote>He was . . . nominated for his <i>availability</i>.<BR>
<i>Lowell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is available.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vail"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having sufficient power, force, or efficacy, for the object;
effectual; valid; as, an <i>available</i> plea.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Laws human are <i>available</i> by consent.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Such as one may avail one's self of; capable of
being used for the accomplishment of a purpose; usable; profitable;
advantageous; convertible into a resource; as, an <i>available</i> measure;
an <i>available</i> candidate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Struggling to redeem, as he did, the <i>available</i> months
and days out of so many that were unavailable.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Having no <i>available</i> funds with which to pay the calls
on new shares.<BR>
<i>H. Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vail"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Competent power; validity; efficacy; as, the <i>availableness</i> of a
title.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Quality of being available; capability of being
used for the purpose intended.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vail"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an available
manner; profitably; advantageously; efficaciously.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vail"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Profit;
advantage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Av"a*lanche`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>avalanche</i>, fr. <i>avaler</i> to descend, to let down, from
<i>aval</i> down, downward; &?; (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>val</i>, L.
<i>vallis</i>, valley. See <u>Valley</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large
mass or body of snow and ice sliding swiftly down a mountain side, or
falling down a precipice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fall of earth, rocks, etc., similar to that of
an avalanche of snow or ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sudden, great, or irresistible descent or
influx of anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vale"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [F. <i>avaler</i>
to descend, to let down. See <u>Avalanche</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to descend; to lower; to let fall; to doff.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring low; to abase.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(v. i.)</i> <def>To descend; to fall; to
dismount.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And from their sweaty courses did <i>avale</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vant"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>avant-guard</i>.
Cf. <u>Avaunt</u>, <u>Van</u>.] <def>The front of an army. [Obs.] See
<u>Van</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vant"-cou`ri*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>avant</i> before + <i>courrier</i>. See <u>Avaunt</u>, and
<u>Courier</u>.] <def>A person dispatched before another person or company,
to give notice of his or their approach.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vant"-guard`</hw> (?; &radic;277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>avant</i> before + E. <i>guard</i>, F. <i>avant-garde</i>. See
<u>Avaunt</u>.] <def>The van or advanced body of an army. See
<u>Vanguard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av"a*rice</hw> (&abreve;v"&adot;*r&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>avaritia</i>, fr. <i>avarus</i> avaricious, prob. fr.
<i>av&emacr;re</i> to covet, fr. a root <i>av</i> to satiate one's self:
cf. Gr. <grk>'a`menai</grk>, <grk>'a^sai</grk>, to satiate, Skr. <i>av</i>
to satiate one's self, rejoice, protect.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
excessive or inordinate desire of gain; greediness after wealth;
covetousness; cupidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To desire money for its own sake, and in order to hoard it
up, is <i>avarice</i>.<BR>
<i>Beattie.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inordinate desire for some supposed
good.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All are taught an <i>avarice</i> of praise.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Av`a*ri"cious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>avaricieux</i>.] <def>Actuated by avarice; greedy of gain; immoderately
desirous of accumulating property.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Greedy; stingy; rapacious; griping; sordid; close.  --
<u>Avaricious</u>, <u>Covetous</u>, <u>Parsimonious</u>, <u>Penurious</u>,
<u>Miserly</u>, <u>Niggardly</u>. The <i>avaricious</i> eagerly grasp after
it at the expense of others, though not of necessity with a design to save,
since a man may be covetous and yet a spendthrift. The <i>penurious</i>,
<i>parsimonious</i>, and <i>miserly</i> save money by disgraceful self-
denial, and the <i>niggardly</i> by meanness in their dealing with others.
We speak of persons as <i>covetous</i> in getting, <i>avaricious</i> in
retaining, <i>parsimonious</i> in expending, <i>penurious</i> or
<i>miserly</i> in modes of living, <i>niggardly</i> in dispensing.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Av`a*ri"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Av`a*ri"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Av"a*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>avarus</i>.]
<def>Avaricious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*vast"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Corrupted from D.
<i>houd vast</i> hold fast. See <u>Hold</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and
<u>Fast</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Cease; stop;
stay.</def> "<i>Avast</i> heaving."  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Av`a*tar"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>avat&acirc;ra</i> descent; <i>ava</i> from + root <i>t&rsdot;</i> to
cross, pass over.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Hindoo Myth.)</i> <def>The
descent of a deity to earth, and his incarnation as a man or an animal; --
chiefly associated with the incarnations of Vishnu.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incarnation; manifestation as an object of
worship or admiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vaunce"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Advance</u>.] <def>To advance; to profit.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vaunt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [F. <i>avant</i>
forward, fr. L. <i>ab</i> + <i>ante</i> before. Cf. <u>Avant</u>,
<u>Advance</u>.] <def>Begone; depart; -- a word of contempt or abhorrence,
equivalent to the phrase "Get thee gone."</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vaunt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To advance; to move forward; to elevate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To depart; to move away.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Coverdale.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vaunt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OF. <i>avanter</i>;
<i>&agrave;</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>vanter</i>. See <u>Vaunt</u>.] <def>To
vaunt; to boast.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vaunt"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vaunt; to boast.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vaunt"our</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>avanteur</i>.]
<def>A boaster.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A"ve</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., hail.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ave Maria.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He repeated <i>Aves</i> and Credos.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reverential salutation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their loud applause and <i>aves</i> vehement.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>avellere</i>.]
<def>To pull away.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet are not these parts <i>avelled</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vel"lane</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>avellana</i>
a filbert, fr. L. <i>Avella</i> or <i>Abella</i> a city of Campania.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>In the form of four unhusked filberts; as, an
<i>avellane</i> cross.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||A"ve Ma*ri"a</hw> (&?;), <hw>A"ve Ma"ry</hw> (&?;). } [From the
first words of the Roman Catholic prayer to the Virgin Mary; L. <i>ave</i>
hail, <i>Maria</i> Mary.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A salutation and prayer
to the Virgin Mary, as mother of God; -- used in the Roman Catholic
church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To number <i>Ave Maries</i> on his beads.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particular time (as in Italy, at the ringing
of the bells about half an hour after sunset, and also at early dawn), when
the people repeat the Ave Maria.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ave Maria</i> ! blessed be the hour !<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||A*ve"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of grasses, including the common oat (<i>Avena sativa</i>); the oat
grasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av`e*na"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>avenaceus</i>,
fr. <i>avena</i> oats.] <def>Belonging to, or resembling, oats or the oat
grasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av"e*nage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>avenage</i>, fr.
L. <i>avena</i> oats.] <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>A quantity of oats paid by a
tenant to a landlord in lieu of rent.</def>  <i>Jacob.</i></p>

<p><hw>Av"e*ner</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>avenier</i>, fr.
<i>aveine</i>, <i>avaine</i>, <i>avoine</i>, oats, F. <i>avoine</i>, L.
<i>avena</i>.] <i>(Feud. Law)</i> <def>An officer of the king's stables
whose duty it was to provide oats for the horses.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*venge"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Avenged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Avenging</u> (&?;).] [OF. <i>avengier</i>; L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>vindicare</i> to lay claim to, to avenge, revenge. See
<u>Vengeance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take vengeance for; to exact
satisfaction for by punishing the injuring party; to vindicate by
inflicting pain or evil on a wrongdoer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will <i>avenge</i> the blood of his servants.<BR>
<i>Deut. xxxii. 43.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Avenge</i>, O Lord, thy slaughtered saints, whose
bones<BR>
Lie scattered on the Alpine mountains cold.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>avenged</i> himself on them by havoc such as
England had never before seen.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat revengefully; to wreak vengeance
on.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy judgment in <i>avenging</i> thine enemies.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Avenge</u>, <u>Revenge</u>.  To <i>avenge</i> is to
inflict punishment upon evil doers in behalf of ourselves, or others for
whom we act; as, to <i>avenge</i> one's wrongs; to <i>avenge</i> the
injuries of the suffering and innocent. It is to inflict pain for the sake
of vindication, or retributive justice. To <i>revenge</i> is to inflict
pain or injury for the indulgence of resentful and malicious feelings. The
former may at times be a duty; the latter is one of the worst exhibitions
of human character.</p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>avenge</i> myself upon another, or I <i>avenge</i>
another, or I <i>avenge</i> a wrong. I <i>revenge</i> only myself, and that
upon another.<BR>
<i>C. J. Smith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*venge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take vengeance.</def>
 <i>Levit. xix. 18.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*venge"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vengeance; revenge.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*venge"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vengeance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*venge"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vengeful.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*venge"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The inflicting of
retributive punishment; satisfaction taken.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ven"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who avenges or vindicates; as, an <i>avenger</i> of
blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who takes vengeance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ven"ger*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
avenger.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ve"ni*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> + L.
<i>vena</i> a vein.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Being without veins or nerves, as
the leaves of certain plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av"e*nor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Avener</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Av"ens</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>avence</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus <i>Geum</i>, esp. <i>Geum
urbanum</i>, or herb bennet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av"en*tail</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>esventail</i>.
Cf. <u>Ventail</u>.] <def>The movable front to a helmet; the
ventail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av"en*tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
<i>Mons Aventinus</i>, one of the seven hills on which Rome stood.</def>
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Av"en*tine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A post of security or
defense.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Into the castle's tower,<BR>
The only <i>Aventine</i> that now is left him.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*ven"tre</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To thrust forward
(at a venture), as a spear.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ven"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Adventure</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Accident;
chance; adventure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>A mischance causing a person's
death without felony, as by drowning, or falling into the fire.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ven"tu*rine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>aventurine</i>: cf. It. <i>avventurino</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
kind of glass, containing gold-colored spangles. It was produced in the
first place by the accidental (<i>par aventure</i>) dropping of some brass
filings into a pot of melted glass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of translucent quartz,
spangled throughout with scales of yellow mica.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aventurine feldspar</b></col>, <cd>a variety of oligoclase with
internal firelike reflections due to the presence of minute crystals,
probably of hematite; sunstone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Av"e*nue</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>avenue</i>, fr.
<i>avenir</i> to come to, L. <i>advenire</i>. See <u>Advene</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A way or opening for entrance into a place; a
passage by which a place may by reached; a way of approach or of
exit.</def> "The <i>avenues</i> leading to the city by land."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On every side were expanding new <i>avenues</i> of
inquiry.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The principal walk or approach to a house which
is withdrawn from the road, especially, such approach bordered on each side
by trees; any broad passageway thus bordered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>avenue</i> of tall elms and branching chestnuts.<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A broad street; as, the Fifth <i>Avenue</i> in
New York.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"ver</hw> (&amacr;"v&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>aver</i> domestic animal, whence LL. <i>averia</i>, pl. cattle. See
<u>Habit</u>, and cf. <u>Average</u>.] <def>A work horse, or working
ox.</def> [Obs. or Dial. Eng.]</p>

<p><! p. 105  !></p>

<p><hw>A*ver"</hw> (&adot;*v&etilde;r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Averred</u> (&adot;*v&etilde;rd");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Averring</u>.] [F.
<i>av&eacute;rer</i>, LL. <i>adverare</i>, <i>averare</i>; L. <i>ad</i> +
<i>versus</i> true. See <u>Verity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To assert,
or prove, the truth of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To avouch or verify; to offer to
verify; to prove or justify. See <u>Averment</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To affirm with confidence; to declare in a
positive manner, as in confidence of asserting the truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is sufficient that the very fact hath its foundation in
truth, as I do seriously <i>aver</i> is the case.<BR>
<i>Fielding.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Then all <i>averred</i> I had killed the bird.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To assert; affirm; asseverate. See <u>Affirm</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Av"er*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>average</i>, LL.
<i>averagium</i>, prob. fr. OF. <i>aver</i>, F. <i>avoir</i>, property,
horses, cattle, etc.; prop. infin., to have, from L. <i>habere</i> to have.
Cf. F. <i>av&eacute;rage</i> small cattle, and <i>avarie</i> (perh. of
different origin) damage to ship or cargo, port dues. The first meaning was
perh. the service of carting a feudal lord's wheat, then charge for
carriage, the contribution towards loss of things carried, in proportion to
the amount of each person's property. Cf. <u>Aver</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Avercorn</u>, <u>Averpenny</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(OLd Eng. Law)</i> <def>That service which a tenant
owed his lord, to be done by the work beasts of the tenant, as the carriage
of wheat, turf, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>avarie</i> damage to ship or cargo.]
<i>(Com.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tariff or duty on goods,
etc.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any charge in addition to the
regular charge for freight of goods shipped.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A contribution to a loss or charge which has been imposed upon one of
several for the general benefit; damage done by sea perils.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The equitable and proportionate distribution of
loss or expense among all interested.</def></p>

<p><col><b>General average</b></col>, <cd>a contribution made, by all
parties concerned in a sea adventure, toward a loss occasioned by the
voluntary sacrifice of the property of some of the parties in interest for
the benefit of all. It is called <i>general average</i>, because it falls
upon the gross amount of ship, cargo, and freight at risk and saved by the
sacrifice.</cd> <i>Kent.</i> -- <col><b>Particular average</b></col>
<cd>signifies the damage or partial loss happening to the ship, or cargo,
or freight, in consequence of some fortuitous or unavoidable accident; and
it is borne by the individual owners of the articles damaged, or by their
insurers.</cd> -- <col><b>Petty averages</b></col> <cd>are sundry small
charges, which occur regularly, and are necessarily defrayed by the master
in the usual course of a voyage; such as port charges, common pilotage, and
the like, which formerly were, and in some cases still are, borne partly by
the ship and partly by the cargo. In the clause commonly found in bills of
lading, "primage and <i>average</i> accustomed," <i>average</i> means a
kind of composition established by usage for such charges, which were
formerly assessed by way of average.</cd> <i>Arnould.</i>  <i>Abbott.</i>
<i>Phillips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mean proportion, medial sum or quantity, made
out of unequal sums or quantities; an arithmetical mean. Thus, if A loses 5
dollars, B 9, and C 16, the sum is 30, and the <i>average</i> 10.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any medial estimate or general statement derived
from a comparison of diverse specific cases; a medium or usual size,
quantity, quality, rate, etc.</def> "The <i>average</i> of sensations."
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>In the English corn trade, the medial
price of the several kinds of grain in the principal corn
markets.</def></p>

<p><col><b>On an average</b></col>, <cd>taking the mean of unequal numbers
or quantities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Av"er*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to an average or mean; medial; containing a mean
proportion; of a mean size, quality, ability, etc.; ordinary; usual; as, an
<i>average</i> rate of profit; an <i>average</i> amount of rain; the
<i>average</i> Englishman; beings of the <i>average</i> stamp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to the laws of averages; as, the loss
must be made good by <i>average</i> contribution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av"er*age</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Averaged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Averaging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To find the mean of, when sums
or quantities are unequal; to reduce to a mean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divide among a number, according to a given
proportion; as, to <i>average</i> a loss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To do, accomplish, get, etc., on an
average.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av"er*age</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form, or exist in, a
mean or medial sum or quantity; to amount to, or to be, on an average; as,
the losses of the owners will <i>average</i> twenty five dollars each;
these spars <i>average</i> ten feet in length.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"ver*corn`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Aver</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> + <i>corn</i>.] <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>A reserved
rent in corn, formerly paid to religious houses by their tenants or
farmers.</def>  <i>Kennet.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ver"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>averement</i>, LL. <i>averamentum</i>. See <u>Aver</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of averring, or that which is
averred; affirmation; positive assertion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Signally has this <i>averment</i> received illustration in
the course of recent events.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Verification; establishment by evidence.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A positive statement of facts; an
allegation; an offer to justify or prove what is alleged.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In any stage of pleadings, when either party advances new matter,
he <i>avers</i> it to be true, by using this form of words: "and this he is
ready to verify." This was formerly called an <i>averment</i>. It modern
pleading, it is termed a <i>verification</i>.  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*ver"nal</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*ver"ni*an</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Avernus, a lake of Campania,
in Italy, famous for its poisonous vapors, which ancient writers fancied
were so malignant as to kill birds flying over it. It was represented by
the poets to be connected with the infernal regions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av"er*pen`ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Aver</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> + <i>penny</i>.] <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>Money paid
by a tenant in lieu of the service of average.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ver"ro*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tenets of the
Averroists.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ver"ro*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a sect of
peripatetic philosophers, who appeared in Italy before the restoration of
learning; so denominated from Averroes, or Averrhoes, a celebrated Arabian
philosopher. He held the doctrine of monopsychism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av`er*run"cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>averruncare</i> to avert; <i>a</i>, <i>ab</i>, off + <i>verruncare</i>
to turn; formerly derived from <i>ab</i> and <i>eruncare</i> to root out.
Cf. <u>Aberuncate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To avert; to ward
off.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To root up.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Av`er*run*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>averroncation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of averting.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Eradication.</def> [R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Av`er*run*ca"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Aberuncator</u>.] <def>An instrument for pruning trees, consisting of
two blades, or a blade and a hook, fixed on the end of a long
rod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av`er*sa"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aversatio</i>,
fr. <i>aversari</i> to turn away, v. intens. of <i>avertere</i>. See
<u>Avert</u>.] <def>A turning from with dislike; aversion.</def> [Obs.or
Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some men have a natural <i>aversation</i> to some vices or
virtues, and a natural affection to others.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*verse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aversus</i>, p. p.
of <i>avertere</i>. See <u>Avert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Turned away
or backward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The tracks <i>averse</i> a lying notice gave,<BR>
And led the searcher backward from the cave.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a repugnance or opposition of mind;
disliking; disinclined; unwilling; reluctant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Averse</i> alike to flatter, or offend.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Men who were <i>averse</i> to the life of camps.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Pass by securely as men <i>averse</i> from war.<BR>
<i>Micah ii. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The prevailing usage now is to employ <i>to</i> after
<i>averse</i> and its derivatives rather than <i>from</i>, as was formerly
the usage. In this the word is in agreement with its kindred terms,
<i>hatred</i>, <i>dislike</i>, <i>dissimilar</i>, <i>contrary</i>,
<i>repugnant</i>, etc., expressing a relation or an affection of the mind
to an object.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Averse</u>, <u>Reluctant</u>, <u>Adverse</u>.
<i>Averse</i> expresses an habitual, though not of necessity a very strong,
dislike; as, <i>averse</i> to active pursuits; <i>averse</i> to study.
<i>Reluctant</i>, a term of the of the will, implies an internal struggle
as to making some sacrifice of interest or feeling; as, <i>reluctant</i> to
yield; <i>reluctant</i> to make the necessary arrangements; a
<i>reluctant</i> will or consent. <i>Adverse</i> denotes active opposition
or hostility; as, <i>adverse</i> interests; <i>adverse</i> feelings, plans,
or movements; the <i>adverse</i> party.</p>

<p><hw>A*verse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To turn away.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*verse"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Backward; in a backward direction; as, emitted
<i>aversely</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With repugnance or aversion;
unwillingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*verse"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
averse; opposition of mind; unwillingness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ver"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aversio</i>: cf.
F. <i>aversion</i>. See <u>Avert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A turning
away.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Adhesion to vice and <i>aversion</i> from goodness.<BR>
<i>Bp. Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Opposition or repugnance of mind; fixed dislike;
antipathy; disinclination; reluctance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mutual <i>aversion</i> of races.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His rapacity had made him an object of general
<i>aversion</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; It is now generally followed by <i>to</i> before the object. [See
<u>Averse</u>.] Sometimes <i>towards</i> and <i>for</i> are found;
<i>from</i> is obsolete.</p>

<p><blockquote>A freeholder is bred with an <i>aversion to</i>
subjection.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>aversion towards</i> the house of York.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not difficult for a man to see that a person has
conceived an <i>aversion for</i> him.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The Khasias . . . have an <i>aversion to</i> milk.<BR>
<i>J. D. Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The object of dislike or repugnance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pain their <i>aversion</i>, pleasure their desire.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Antipathy; dislike; repugnance; disgust. See
<u>Dislike</u>.</p>

<p><hw>A*vert"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Averted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Averting</u>.] [L. <i>avertere</i>; <i>a</i>, <i>ab</i> + <i>vertere</i>
to turn: cf. OF. <i>avertir</i>. See <u>Verse</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>To turn aside, or away; as, to <i>avert</i> the eyes from an object;
to ward off, or prevent, the occurrence or effects of; as, how can the
danger be <i>averted</i>?  "To <i>avert</i> his ire."</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When atheists and profane persons do hear of so many
discordant and contrary opinions in religion, it doth <i>avert</i> them
from the church.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Till ardent prayer <i>averts</i> the public woe.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vert"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn away.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cold and <i>averting</i> from our neighbor's good.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vert"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Turned away, esp. as an
expression of feeling; also, offended; unpropitious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who scornful pass it with <i>averted</i> eye.<BR>
<i>Keble.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vert"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, averts.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vert"i*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
averted; preventable.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ver"ti*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Advertisement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||A"ves</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., pl. of <i>avis</i>
bird.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The class of Vertebrata that includes the
birds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Aves</i>, or birds, have a complete double circulation,
oviparous, reproduction, front limbs peculiarly modified as wings; and they
bear feathers. All existing birds have a horny beak, without teeth; but
some Mesozoic fossil birds (Odontornithes) had conical teeth inserted in
both jaws. The principal groups are: <u>Carinat&aelig;</u>, including all
existing flying birds; <u>Ratit&aelig;</u>, including the ostrich and
allies, the apteryx, and the extinct moas; <u>Odontornithes</u>, or fossil
birds with teeth.</p>

<p>The ordinary birds are classified largely by the structure of the beak
and feet, which are in direct relation to their habits. See <u>Beak</u>,
<u>Bird</u>, <u>Odontonithes</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||A*ves"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Zoroastrian
scriptures. See <u>Zend-Avesta</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"vi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or instrument to
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"vi*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Aviaries</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>aviarium</i>, fr. <i>aviarius</i>
pertaining to birds, fr. <i>avis</i> bird, akin to Gr, &?;, Skr.
<i>vi</i>.] <def>A house, inclosure, large cage, or other place, for
keeping birds confined; a bird house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lincolnshire may be termed the <i>aviary</i> of England.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A`vi*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or science
of flying.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"vi*a`tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An experimenter in aviation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A flying
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*vic"u*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., small bird.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine bivalves, having a pearly
interior, allied to the pearl oyster; -- so called from a supposed
resemblance of the typical species to a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vic"u*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>avicula</i> a
small bird, dim. of <i>avis</i> bird.] <def>Of or pertaining to a bird or
to birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*vic`u*la"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Avicular</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See prehensile processes on the
cells of some Bryozoa, often having the shape of a bird's bill.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"vi*cul`ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>avis</i>
bird + <i>cultura</i> culture.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Rearing and care
of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av"id</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>avidus</i>, fr.
<i>av&?;re</i> to long: cf. F. <i>avide</i>. See <u>Avarice</u>.]
<def>Longing eagerly for; eager; greedy.</def> "<i>Avid</i> of gold, yet
greedier of renown."  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vid"i*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Avid.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vid"i*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Eagerly;
greedily.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vid"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aviditas</i>, fr.
<i>avidus</i>: cf. F. <i>avidit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Avid</u>.]
<def>Greediness; strong appetite; eagerness; intenseness of desire; as, to
eat with <i>avidity</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His books were received and read with <i>avidity</i>.<BR>
<i>Milward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vie"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>vie</i>.] <def>Emulously.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||A`vi*fau"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>avis</i> bird + E. <i>fauna</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The birds, or
all the kinds of birds, inhabiting a region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av`i*ga"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Avocado</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`vignon" ber"ry</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of the
<i>Rhamnus infectorius</i>, eand of other species of the same genus; -- so
called from the city of Avignon, in France. It is used by dyers and
painters for coloring yellow. Called also <i>French berry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vile"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>aviler</i>, F.
<i>avilir</i>; <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>vil</i> vile. See <u>Vile</u>.]
<def>To abase or debase; to vilify; to depreciate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Want makes us know the price of what we <i>avile</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vis"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>avis</i>. See
<u>Advice</u>.] <def>Advice; opinion; deliberation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vise"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>aviser</i>. See
<u>Advise</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To look at;
to view; to think of.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To advise; to counsel.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To avise one's self</b></col>, <cd>to consider with one's self,
to reflect, to deliberate.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now therefore, if thou wilt enriched be,<BR>
<i>Avise thee</i> well, and change thy willful mood.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To consider; to
reflect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*vise"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Watchful;
circumspect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With sharp, <i>aviseful</i> eye.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vise"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Advisedly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vise"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Advisement;
observation; deliberation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*vi"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vision.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vi"so</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Information; advice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An advice boat, or dispatch boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Av`o*ca"do</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from the
Mexican <i>ahuacatl</i>: cf. Sp. <i>aguacate</i>, F.
<i>aguacat&eacute;</i>, <i>avocat</i>, G. <i>avogado</i>baum.] <def>The
pulpy fruit of <i>Persea gratissima</i>, a tree of tropical America. It is
about the size and shape of a large pear; -- called also <i>avocado
pear</i>, <i>alligator pear</i>, <i>midshipman's butter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Av`o*cat</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An
advocate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av"o*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>avocatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>avocare</i>; <i>a</i>, <i>ab</i> + <i>vocare</i> to call. Cf.
<u>Avoke</u>, and see <u>Vocal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To call off
or away; to withdraw; to transfer to another tribunal.</def> [Obs. or
Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>One who <i>avocateth</i> his mind from other
occupations.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He, at last, . . . <i>avocated</i> the cause to Rome.<BR>
<i>Robertson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Av`o*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>avocatio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A calling away; a diversion.</def> [Obs. or
Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Impulses to duty, and powerful <i>avocations</i> from
sin.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which calls one away from one's regular
employment or vocation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven is his vocation, and therefore he counts earthly
employments <i>avocations</i>.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By the secular cares and <i>avocations</i> which accompany
marriage the clergy have been furnished with skill in common life.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense the word is applied to the smaller affairs of life,
or occasional calls which summon a person to leave his ordinary or
principal business. <i>Avocation</i> (in the singular) for <i>vocation</i>
is usually avoided by good writers.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Pursuits; duties; affairs which
occupy one's time; usual employment; vocation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are professions, among the men, no more favorable to
these studies than the common <i>avocations</i> of women.<BR>
<i>Richardson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In a few hours, above thirty thousand men left his standard,
and returned to their ordinary <i>avocations</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 106  !></p>

<p><blockquote>An irregularity and instability of purpose, which makes them
choose the wandering avocations of a shepherd, rather than the more fixed
pursuits of agriculture.<BR>
<i>Buckle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vo"ca*tive</hw> (&adot;*v&omacr;"k&adot;*t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Calling off.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*vo"ca*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which calls aside;
a dissuasive.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Av"o*cet</hw>, <hw>Av"o*set</hw>  } (&abreve;v"&osl;*s&ebreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>avocette</i>: cf. It. <i>avosetta</i>, Sp.
<i>avoceta</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A grallatorial bird, of the genus
<i>Recurvirostra</i>; the scooper. The bill is long and bend upward toward
the tip. The American species is <i>R. Americana</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>avocette</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>A*void"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. </i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Avoided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Avoiding</u>.] [OF. <i>esvuidier</i>, <i>es</i> (L. <i>ex</i>) +
<i>vuidier</i>, <i>voidier</i>, to empty. See <u>Void</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To empty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To emit or throw out; to void; as, to
<i>avoid</i> excretions.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To quit or evacuate; to withdraw from.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Six of us only stayed, and the rest <i>avoided</i><BR>
the room.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make void; to annul or vacate; to
refute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How can these grants of the king's be <i>avoided</i>?<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To keep away from; to keep clear of; to endeavor
no to meet; to shun; to abstain from; as, to <i>avoid</i> the company of
gamesters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What need a man forestall his date of grief.<BR>
And run to meet what he would most <i>avoid</i> ?<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He carefully <i>avoided</i> every act which could goad them
into open hostility.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To get rid of.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Pleading)</i> <def>To defeat or evade; to
invalidate. Thus, in a replication, the plaintiff may deny the defendant's
plea, or confess it, and <i>avoid</i> it by stating new matter.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To escape; elude; evade; eschew.  -- To <u>Avoid</u>,
<u>Shun</u>. <i>Avoid</i> in its commonest sense means, <i>to keep clear
of</i>, an extension of the meaning, <i>to withdraw one's self from</i>. It
denotes care taken not to come near or in contact; as, to <i>avoid</i>
certain persons or places. <i>Shun</i> is a stronger term, implying more
prominently the idea of intention. The words may, however, in many cases be
interchanged.</p>

<p><blockquote>No man can pray from his heart to be kept from temptation,
if the take no care of himself to <i>avoid</i> it.<BR>
<i>Mason.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>So Chanticleer, who never saw a fox,<BR>
Yet <i>shunned</i> him as a sailor <i>shuns</i> the rocks.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*void"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
retire; to withdraw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>David <i>avoided</i> out of his presence.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. xviii. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To become void or vacant.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*void"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being vacated; liable to be annulled or made invalid;
voidable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The charters were not <i>avoidable</i> for the king's
nonage.<BR>
<i>Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being avoided, shunned, or
escaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*void"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of annulling; annulment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of becoming vacant, or the state of
being vacant; -- specifically used for the state of a benefice becoming
void by the death, deprivation, or resignation of the incumbent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wolsey, . . . on every <i>avoidance</i> of St. Peter's
chair, was sitting down therein, when suddenly some one or other clapped in
before him.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dismissing or a quitting; removal;
withdrawal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of avoiding or shunning; keeping clear
of.</def> "The <i>avoidance</i> of pain."  <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The courts by which anything is carried
off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Avoidances</i> and drainings of water.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*void"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The person who carries anything away, or the vessel in which things
are carried away.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who avoids, shuns, or escapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*void"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unavoidable;
inevitable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av`oir*du*pois"</hw> (&abreve;v`&etilde;r*d&usl;*poiz"), <pos><i>n.
& a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aver de peis</i>, goods of weight, where <i>peis</i>
is fr. OF. <i>peis</i> weight, F. <i>poids</i>, L. <i>pensum</i>. See
<u>Aver</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Poise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Goods sold by weight.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Avoirdupois weight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Weight; heaviness; as, a woman of much
<i>avoirdupois</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Avoirdupois weight</b></col>, <cd>a system of weights by which
coarser commodities are weighed, such as hay, grain, butter, sugar,
tea.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; The standard Avoirdupois pound of the United States is equivalent
to the weight of 27.7015 cubic inches of distilled water at 62&deg;
Fahrenheit, the barometer being at 30 inches, and the water weighed in the
air with brass weights. In this system of weights 16 drams make 1 ounce, 16
ounces 1 pound, 25 pounds 1 quarter, 4 quarters 1 hundred weight, and 20
hundred weight 1 ton. The above pound contains 7,000 grains, or 453.54
grams, so that 1 pound avoirdupois is equivalent to 1 31-144 pounds troy.
(See <u>Troy weight</u>.) Formerly, a hundred weight was reckoned at 112
pounds, the ton being 2,240 pounds (sometimes called a <i>long
ton</i>).</p>

<p><hw>A*voke"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Avocate</u>.]
<def>To call from or back again.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Av"o*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>avolare</i>;
<i>a</i> (<i>ab</i>) + <i>volare</i> to fly.] <def>To fly away; to escape;
to exhale.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Av`o*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>avolatio</i>.]
<def>The act of flying; flight; evaporation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Av"o*set</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Avocet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vouch"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Avouched</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Avouching</u>.] [OF. <i>avochier</i>, LL. <i>advocare</i> to recognize
the existence of a thing, to advocate, fr. L. <i>advocare</i> to call to;
<i>ad</i> + <i>vocare</i> to call. Cf. <u>Avow</u> to declare,
<u>Advocate</u>, and see <u>Vouch</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To appeal to; to cite or claim as authority.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>avouch</i> many successions of authorities.<BR>
<i>Coke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To maintain a just or true; to vouch
for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We might be disposed to question its authenticity, it if
were not <i>avouched</i> by the full evidence.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To declare or assert positively and as matter of
fact; to affirm openly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If this which he <i>avouches</i> does appear.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Such antiquities could have been <i>avouched</i> for the
Irish.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To acknowledge deliberately; to admit; to
confess; to sanction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast <i>avouched</i> the Lord this day to be thy
God.<BR>
<i>Deut. xxvi. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vouch"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Evidence;
declaration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sensible and true <i>avouch</i><BR>
Of mine own eyes.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vouch"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
avouched.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vouch"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
avouches.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vouch"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
avouching; positive declaration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vou"trer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Advoutrer</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*vou"trie</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.]
<def>Adultery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vow"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Avowed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Avowing</u>.] [F. <i>avouver</i>, fr. L. <i>advocare</i> to call to
(whence the meanings, to call upon as superior; recognize as lord, own,
confess); <i>ad</i> + <i>vocare</i> to call. See <u>Advocate</u>,
<u>Avouch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To declare openly, as something
believed to be right; to own or acknowledge frankly; as, a man <i>avows</i>
his principles or his crimes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which I to be the of Israel's God<BR>
<i>Avow</i>, and challenge Dagon to the test.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To acknowledge and justify, as an
act done. See <u>Avowry</u>.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To acknowledge; own; confess. See <u>Confess</u>.</p>

<p><hw>A*vow"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>aveu</i>.]
<def>Avowal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vow"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OF. <i>avouer</i>, fr.
LL. <i>votare</i> to vow, fr. L. <i>votun</i>. See <u>Vote</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To bind, or to devote, by a vow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vow"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vow or determination.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>A*vow"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
avowed, or openly acknowledged, with confidence.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vow"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An open declaration;
frank acknowledgment; as, an <i>avowal</i> of such principles.</def>
<i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vow"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act of avowing; avowal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Upholding; defense; vindication.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Can my <i>avowance</i> of king-murdering be collected from
anything here written by me?<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*vow"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
defendant in replevin, who <i>avows</i> the distress of the goods, and
justifies the taking.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vowed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Openly acknowledged
or declared; admitted.</def> -- <wf>A*vow"ed*ly</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*vow`ee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>avou&eacute;</i>.
Cf. <u>Advowee</u>, <u>Advocate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The person
who has a right to present to a benefice; the patron; an advowee. See
<u>Advowson</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vow"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who avows or
asserts.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*vow"ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>avouerie</i>
protection, authority, OF. <i>avouerie</i>. See <u>Avow</u> to declare.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An advocate; a patron; a patron saint.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let God alone be our <i>avowry</i>.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of the distrainer of goods, who, in an
action of replevin, avows and justifies the taking in his own right.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; When an action of replevin is brought, the distrainer either
makes <i>avowry</i>, that is, <i>avours</i> taking the distress in his own
right, or the right of his wife, and states the reason if it, as for
arrears of rent, damage done, or the like; or makes <i>cognizance</i>, that
is, <i>acknowledges</i> the taking, but justifies in an another's right, as
his bailiff or servant.</p>

<p><hw>A*vow"try</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Adultery. See
<u>Advoutry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*voy"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A chief
magistrate of a free imperial city or canton of Switzerland.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>A*vulse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>avulsus</i>, p.
p. of <i>avellere</i> to tear off; <i>a</i> (<i>ab</i>) + <i>vellere</i> to
pluck.] <def>To pluck or pull off.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vul"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>avulsio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tearing asunder; a forcible separation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>avulsion</i> of two polished superficies.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fragment torn off.</def>  <i>J.
Barlow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The sudden removal of lands or soil
from the estate of one man to that of another by an inundation or a
current, or by a sudden change in the course of a river by which a part of
the estate of one man is cut off and joined to the estate of another. The
property in the part thus separated, or cut off, continues in the original
owner.</def>  <i>Wharton. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*vun"cu*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>avunculus</i>
uncle.] <def>Of or pertaining to an uncle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In these rare instances, the law of pedigree, whether direct
or <i>avuncular</i>, gives way.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*wait"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Awaited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Awaiting</u>.] [OF. <i>awaitier</i>, <i>agaitier</i>; <i>&?;</i> (L.
<i>ad</i>) + <i>waitier</i>, <i>gaitier</i> to watch, F. <i>guetter</i>.
See <u>Wait</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To watch for; to look out
for.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wait on, serve, or attend.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wait for; to stay for; to expect. See
<u>Expect</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Betwixt these rocky pillars Gabriel sat,<BR>
Chief of the angelic guards, <i>awaiting</i> night.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be in store for; to be ready or in waiting
for; as, a glorious reward <i>awaits</i> the good.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Eve, some farther change <i>awaits</i> us night.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*wait"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
watch.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wait (<i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>).</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wait; to stay in waiting.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*wait"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A waiting for; ambush;
watch; watching; heed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*wake"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Awoke</u> (&?;), <u>Awaked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Awaked</u>; (Obs.) <u>Awaken</u>, <u>Awoken</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Awaking</u>. The form <u>Awoke</u> is sometimes used as a
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>] [AS. <i>&amacr;w&aelig;cnan</i>, v. i. (imp.
<i>aw&omacr;c</i>), and <i>&amacr;wacian</i>, v. i. (imp. <i>awacode</i>).
See <u>Awaken</u>, <u>Wake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rouse from
sleep; to wake; to awaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where morning's earliest ray . . . <i>awake</i> her.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And his disciples came to him, and <i>awoke</i> him, saying,
Lord, save us; we perish.<BR>
<i>Matt. viii. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rouse from a state resembling sleep, as from
death, stupidity., or inaction; to put into action; to give new life to; to
stir up; as, to <i>awake</i> the dead; to <i>awake</i> the dormant
faculties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was soon <i>awaked</i> from this disagreeable reverie.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It way <i>awake</i> my bounty further.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No sunny gleam <i>awake</i>s the trees.<BR>
<i>Keble.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*wake"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cease to sleep;
to come out of a state of natural sleep; and, figuratively, out of a state
resembling sleep, as inaction or death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The national spirit again <i>awoke</i>.<BR>
<i>Freeman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Awake</i> to righteousness, and sin not.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. xv. 34.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*wake"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>awaken</i>, old p. p. of
<i>awake</i>.] <def>Not sleeping or lethargic; roused from sleep; in a
state of vigilance or action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before whom <i>awake</i> I stood.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>She still beheld,<BR>
Now wide <i>awake</i>, the vision of her sleep.<BR>
<i>Keats.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>awake</i> to the danger.<BR>
<i>Froude.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*wak"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Awakened</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Awakening</u>.] [OE. <i>awakenen</i>, <i>awaknen</i>, AS.
<i>&amacr;w&aelig;cnan</i>, <i>&amacr;w&aelig;cnian</i>, v. i.; pref.
<i>on-</i> + <i>w&aelig;cnan</i> to wake. Cf. <u>Awake</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>To rouse from sleep or torpor; to awake; to
wake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] is dispatched<BR>
Already to <i>awaken</i> whom thou nam'st.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Their consciences are thoroughly <i>awakened</i>.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To arouse; excite; stir up; call forth.</p>

<p><hw>A*wak"en*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, awakens.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*wak"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rousing from sleep, in
a natural or a figurative sense; rousing into activity; exciting; as, the
<i>awakening</i> city; an <i>awakening</i> discourse; the <i>awakening</i>
dawn.</def> -- <wf>A*wak"en*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A*wak"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of awaking, or
ceasing to sleep. Specifically: A revival of religion, or more general
attention to religious matters than usual.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*wak"en*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
awakening.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*want"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>wanting</i>.] <def>Missing; wanting.</def> [Prov. Scot. &amp; Eng.]  <i>Sir
W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ward"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Awarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Awarding</u>.] [OF. <i>eswarder</i> to look at, consider, decide, judge;
<i>es</i> (L. <i>ex</i>) + <i>warder</i>, <i>garder</i>, to observe, take
heed, keep, fr. OHG. <i>wart&emacr;n</i> to watch, guard. See <u>Ward</u>.]
<def>To give by sentence or judicial determination; to assign or apportion,
after careful regard to the nature of the case; to adjudge; as, the
arbitrators <i>awarded</i> damages to the complainant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To review<BR>
The wrongful sentence, and <i>award</i> a new.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*ward"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To determine; to make an
award.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ward"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>award</i>,
<i>awart</i>, <i>esgart</i>. See <u>Award</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A judgment, sentence, or final decision.
Specifically: The decision of arbitrators in a case
submitted.</def>"Impatient for the <i>award</i>."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>award</i> had been given against.<BR>
<i>Gilpin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The paper containing the decision of
arbitrators; that which is warded.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*ward"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who awards, or
assigns by sentence or judicial determination; a judge.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ware"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>iwar</i>, AS.
<i>gew&aelig;r</i>, fr. <i>w&aelig;r</i> wary. The pref. <i>ge-</i> orig.
meant <i>together</i>, <i>completely</i>. &?;. See <u>Wary</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Watchful; vigilant or on one's guard against danger
or difficulty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apprised; informed; cognizant; conscious; as, he
was <i>aware</i> of the enemy's designs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Aware</i> of nothing arduous in a task<BR>
They never undertook.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*warn"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>warn</i>, AS. <i>gewarnian</i>. See <u>Warn</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>To warn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*wash"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>wash</i>.] <def>Washed by the waves or tide; -- said of a rock or strip
of shore, or <i>(Naut.)</i> of an anchor, etc., when flush with the surface
of the water, so that the waves break over it.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*way"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>aweg</i>,
<i>anweg</i>, <i>onweg</i>; <i>on</i> on + <i>weg</i> way.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>From a place; hence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sound is going <i>away</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Have me <i>away</i>, for I am sore wounded.<BR>
<i>2 Chron. xxxv. 23.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Absent; gone; at a distance; as, the master is
<i>away</i> from home.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Aside; off; in another direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The axis of rotation is inclined <i>away</i> from the
sun.<BR>
<i>Lockyer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>From a state or condition of being; out of
existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be near me when I fade <i>away</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>By ellipsis of the verb, equivalent to an
imperative: Go or come away; begone; take away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the Lord said . . . <i>Away</i>, get thee down.<BR>
<i>Exod. xix. 24.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>On; in continuance; without intermission or
delay; as, sing <i>away</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>&fist; It is much used in phrases signifying moving or going from; as,
go <i>away</i>, run <i>away</i>, etc.; all signifying departure, or
separation to a distance. Sometimes without the verb; as, whither
<i>away</i> so fast ? "Love hath wings, and will <i>away</i>."
<i>Waller.</i> It serves to modify the sense of certain verbs by adding
that of removal, loss, parting with, etc.; as, to throw <i>away</i>; to
trifle <i>away</i>; to squander <i>away</i>, etc. Sometimes it has merely
an intensive force; as, to blaze <i>away</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Away with</b></col>, <cd>bear, abide</cd>. [Obs. or Archaic]
"The calling of assemblies, I can not <i>away with</i>." (<i>Isa. i.
13</i>), i. e., "I can not bear or endure [it]." -- <col><b>Away
with</b></col> one, <cd>signifies, take him <i>away</i>.</cd>  "<i>Away</i>
with him, crucify him." <i>John xix. 15.</i> -- <col><b>To make away
with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To kill or destroy.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To carry off.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 107  !></p>

<p><hw>A*way"-go"ing</hw> (&adot;*w&amacr;"go"&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Sown during the last years of a
tenancy, but not ripe until after its expiration; -- said of crops.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*way"ward</hw> (&adot;*w&amacr;"w&etilde;rd),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Turned away; away.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Awe</hw> (&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>a&yogh;e</i>,
<i>aghe</i>, fr. Icel. <i>agi</i>; akin to AS. <i>ege</i>,
<i>&omacr;ga</i>, Goth. <i>agis</i>, Dan. <i>ave</i> chastisement, fear,
Gr. <grk>'a`chos</grk> pain, distress, from the same root as E. <i>ail</i>.
&radic;3. Cf. <u>Ugly</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dread; great fear
mingled with respect.</def> [Obs. or Obsolescent]</p>

<p><blockquote>His frown was full of terror, and his voice<BR>
Shook the delinquent with such fits of <i>awe</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The emotion inspired by something dreadful and
sublime; an undefined sense of the dreadful and the sublime; reverential
fear, or solemn wonder; profound reverence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is an <i>awe</i> in mortals' joy,<BR>
A deep mysterious fear.<BR>
<i>Keble.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To tame the pride of that power which held the Continent in
<i>awe</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The solitude of the desert, or the loftiness of the
mountain, may fill the mind with <i>awe</i> -- the sense of our own
littleness in some greater presence or power.<BR>
<i>C. J. Smith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To stand in awe of</b></col>, <cd>to fear greatly; to reverence
profoundly.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Reverence</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Awe</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Awed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Awing</u>.] <def>To strike with fear and reverence; to inspire with awe;
to control by inspiring dread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That same eye whose bend doth <i>awe</i> the world.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His solemn and pathetic exhortation <i>awed</i> and melted
the bystanders.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*wea"ried</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Wearied.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>A*wea"ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>weary</i>.] <def>Weary.</def> [Poetic] "I begin to be <i>aweary</i> of
thee."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*weath"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>weather</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>On the weather side, or toward the
wind; in the direction from which the wind blows; -- opposed to
<i>alee</i>; as, helm <i>aweather</i>!</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*weigh"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>weigh</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Just drawn out of the ground, and
hanging perpendicularly; atrip; -- said of the anchor.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Awe"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Awless</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Awe"some</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Causing awe; appalling; awful; as, an <i>awesome</i> sight.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressive of awe or terror.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>awesome</i> glance up at the auld castle.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Awe"some*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
awesome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Awe"-strick`en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Awe-
struck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Awe"-struck`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Struck with
awe.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Aw"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Oppressing with fear or horror; appalling; terrible; as, an
<i>awful</i> scene.</def> "The hour of Nature's <i>awful</i> throes."
<i>Hemans.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inspiring awe; filling with profound reverence,
or with fear and admiration; fitted to inspire reverential fear; profoundly
impressive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven's <i>awful</i> Monarch.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Struck or filled with awe; terror-
stricken.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A weak and <i>awful</i> reverence for antiquity.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Worshipful; reverential; law-abiding.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thrust from the company of <i>awful</i> men.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Frightful; exceedingly bad; great; -- applied
intensively; as, an <i>awful</i> bonnet; an <i>awful</i> boaster.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Frightful</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Aw"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an
awful manner; in a manner to fill with terror or awe; fearfully;
reverently.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very; excessively.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Aw"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality of striking with awe, or with reverence; dreadfulness; solemnity;
as, the <i>awfulness</i> of this sacred place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>awfulness</i> of grandeur.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being struck with awe; a spirit of
solemnity; profound reverence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Producing in us reverence and <i>awfulness</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>A*whape"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>whap</i> blow.]
<def>To confound; to terrify; to amaze.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*while"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Adj. <i>a</i> +
<i>while</i> time, interval.] <def>For a while; for some time; for a short
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*wing"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>wing</i>.] <def>On the wing; flying; fluttering.</def>
<i>Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Awk</hw> (&add;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>auk</i>, <i>awk</i>
(properly) turned away; (hence) contrary, wrong, from Icel.
<i>&ouml;figr</i>, <i>&ouml;fugr</i>, <i>afigr</i>, turning the wrong way,
fr. <i>af</i> off, away; cf. OHG. <i>abuh</i>, Skr. <i>ap&amacr;c</i>
turned away, fr. <i>apa</i> off, away + a root <i>ak</i>, <i>a&uor;k</i>,
to bend, from which come also E. <i>angle</i>, <i>anchor</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Odd; out of order; perverse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wrong, or not commonly used; clumsy; sinister;
as, the <i>awk</i> end of a rod (the but end).</def> [Obs.]
<i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Clumsy in performance or manners; unhandy; not
dexterous; awkward.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Awk</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Perversely; in the wrong
way.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Awk"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an
unlucky (left-handed) or perverse manner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Awkwardly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Awk"ward</hw> (&add;k"we&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Awk</i> + <i>-ward</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting dexterity in
the use of the hands, or of instruments; not dexterous; without skill;
clumsy; wanting ease, grace, or effectiveness in movement; ungraceful; as,
he was <i>awkward</i> at a trick; an <i>awkward</i> boy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And dropped an <i>awkward</i> courtesy.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not easily managed or effected;
embarrassing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A long and <i>awkward</i> process.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>awkward</i> affair is one that has gone wrong, and is
difficult to adjust.<BR>
<i>C. J. Smith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Perverse; adverse; untoward.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Awkward</i> casualties." "<i>Awkward</i> wind."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O blind guides, which being of an <i>awkward</i> religion,
do strain out a gnat, and swallow up a cancel.<BR>
<i>Udall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ungainly; unhandy; clownish; lubberly; gawky; maladroit;
bungling; inelegant; ungraceful; unbecoming.  -- <u>Awkward</u>,
<u>Clumsy</u>, <u>Uncouth</u>. <i>Awkward</i> has a special reference to
outward deportment. A man is <i>clumsy</i> in his whole person, he is
<i>awkward</i> in his gait and the movement of his limbs. <i>Clumsiness</i>
is seen at the first view. <i>Awkwardness</i> is discovered only when a
person begins to move. Hence the expressions, a <i>clumsy</i> appearance,
and an <i>awkward</i> manner. When we speak figuratively of an
<i>awkward</i> excuse, we think of a want of ease and grace in making it;
when we speak of a <i>clumsy</i> excuse, we think of the whole thing as
coarse and stupid. We apply the term <i>uncouth</i> most frequently to that
which results from the want of instruction or training; as, <i>uncouth</i>
manners; <i>uncouth</i> language.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Awk"ward*ly</wf> (&add;k"we&etilde;rd*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Awk"ward*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Awl</hw> (&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>aul</i>,
<i>awel</i>, <i>al</i>, AS. <i>&aemacr;l</i>, <i>awel</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>alr</i>, OHG. <i>&amacr;la</i>, G. <i>ahle</i>, Lith. <i>yla</i>, Skr.
<i>&amacr;r&amacr;</i>.] <def>A pointed instrument for piercing small
holes, as in leather or wood; used by shoemakers, saddlers, cabinetmakers,
etc. The blade is differently shaped and pointed for different uses, as in
the <i>brad awl</i>, <i>saddler's awl</i>, <i>shoemaker's awl</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aw"less</hw> (&add;"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting reverence; void of respectful fear.</def>
"<i>Awless</i> insolence."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inspiring no awe.</def> [Obs.] "The
<i>awless</i> throne."  <i>Shak.</i>
 [Written also <i>aweless</i>]</p>

<p><hw>Aw"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
awless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Awl"-shaped`</hw> (&add;l"sh&amacr;pt`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shaped like an awl.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Subulate. See
<u>Subulate</u>.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Awl"wort`</hw> (&add;l"w&ucirc;rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Awl</i> + <i>wort</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant (<i>Subularia
aquatica</i>), with awl-shaped leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Awm</hw> (&add;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Aam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Awn</hw> (&add;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.  <i>awn</i>,
<i>agune</i>, from Icel. <i>&ouml;gn</i>, pl. <i>agnir</i>; akin to Sw.
<i>agn</i>, Dan. <i>avne</i>, Goth. <i>ahana</i>, OHG. <i>agana</i>, G.
<i>agen</i>, <i>ahne</i>, chaff, Gr. <grk>'a`chnh</grk>, AS. <i>egla</i>;
prob. from same root as E. <i>acute</i>. See 3d <u>Ear</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The bristle or beard of barley, oats,
grasses, etc., or any similar bristlelike appendage; arista.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Awned</hw> (&add;nd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Furnished with an awn, or long bristle-shaped tip; bearded.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Awn"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Origin uncertain: cf. F.
<i>auvent</i> awing, or Pers. <i>&amacr;wan</i>, <i>&amacr;wang</i>,
anything suspended, or LG. <i>havening</i> a place sheltered from wind and
weather, E. <i>haven</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rooflike cover,
usually of canvas, extended over or before any place as a shelter from the
sun, rain, or wind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That part of the poop deck which
is continued forward beyond the bulkhead of the cabin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Awn"inged</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with an
awning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Awn"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without awns or
beard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Awn"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having awns;
bearded.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*work"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>work</i>.] <def>At work; in action.</def> "Set <i>awork</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*work"ing</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>working</i>.] <def>At work; in action.</def> [Archaic or Colloq.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*wreak"</hw>, <hw>A*wreke"</hw>, } (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> <def>To avenge. [Obs.] See <u>Wreak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*wrong"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>wrong</i>.] <def>Wrongly.</def>  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*wry"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> +
<i>wry</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Turned or twisted toward one side; not
in a straight or true direction, or position; out of the right course;
distorted; obliquely; asquint; with oblique vision; as, to glance
<i>awry</i>.</def> "Your crown's <i>awry</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Blows them transverse, ten thousand leagues <i>awry</i>.<BR>
Into the devious air.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Aside from the line of truth, or right reason;
unreasonable or unreasonably; perverse or perversely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or by her charms<BR>
Draws him <i>awry</i>, enslaved.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing more <i>awry</i> from the law of God and nature than
that a woman should give laws to men.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Aw"some</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Awesome</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ax</hw>, <hw>Axe</hw>, } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>ax</i>, <i>axe</i>, AS. <i>eax</i>, <i>&aelig;x</i>, <i>acas</i>; akin
to D. <i>akse</i>, OS. <i>accus</i>, OHG. <i>acchus</i>, G. <i>axt</i>,
Icel. <i>&ouml;x</i>, <i>&ouml;xi</i>, Sw. <i>yxe</i>, Dan.
<i>&ouml;kse</i>, Goth. <i>aqizi</i>, Gr. <i>&?;</i>, L. <i>ascia</i>; not
akin to E. <i>acute</i>.] <def>A tool or instrument of steel, or of iron
with a steel edge or blade, for felling trees, chopping and splitting wood,
hewing timber, etc. It is wielded by a wooden helve or handle, so fixed in
a socket or eye as to be in the same plane with the blade. The
<i>broadax</i>, or carpenter's ax, is an ax for hewing timber, made heavier
than the chopping ax, and with a broader and thinner blade and a shorter
handle.</def></p>

<p>The ancient <i>battle-ax</i> had sometimes a double edge.</p>

<p>&fist; The word is used adjectively or in combination; as, <i>ax</i>head
or <i>ax</i> head; <i>ax</i> helve; <i>ax</i> handle; <i>ax</i> shaft;
<i>ax</i>-shaped; <i>ax</i>like.</p>

<p>This word was originally spelt with <i>e</i>, <i>axe</i>; and so also
was nearly every corresponding word of one syllable: as, <i>flaxe</i>,
<i>taxe</i>, <i>waxe</i>, <i>sixe</i>, <i>mixe</i>, <i>pixe</i>,
<i>oxe</i>, <i>fluxe</i>, etc. This superfluous <i>e</i> is not dropped; so
that, in more than a hundred words ending in <i>x</i>, no one thinks of
retaining the <i>e</i> except in <i>axe</i>. Analogy requires its exclusion
here.</p>

<p>"The spelling <i>ax</i> is better on every ground, of etymology,
phonology, and analogy, than <i>axe</i>, which has of late become
prevalent."  <i>New English Dict. (Murray).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ax</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>axien</i> and
<i>asken</i>. See <u>Ask</u>.] <def>To ask; to inquire or inquire
of.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is from Saxon, and is as old as the English language.
Formerly it was in good use, but now is regarded as a vulgarism. It is
still dialectic in England, and is sometimes heard among the uneducated in
the United States. "And Pilate <i>axide</i> him, Art thou king of Jewis?"
"Or if he <i>axe</i>a fish." <i>Wyclif.</i> 'bdThe king <i>axed</i> after
your Grace's welfare."  <i>Pegge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ax"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>[See
<u>Axial</u>.]</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Axe</hw> (&?;), <hw>Axe"man</hw> (&?;), etc.} <def>See <u>Ax</u>,
<u>Axman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ax"i*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to an axis; of the nature of, or resembling, an axis; around
an axis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To take on an <i>axial</i>, and not an equatorial,
direction.<BR>
<i>Nichol.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Belonging to the axis of the
body; as, the <i>axial</i> skeleton; or to the axis of any appendage or
organ; as, the <i>axial</i> bones.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Axial line</b></col> <i>(Magnetism)</i>, <cd>the line taken by
the magnetic force in passing from one pole of a horseshoe magnet to the
other.</cd>  <i>Faraday.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Ax"i*al*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In relation to,
or in a line with, an axis; in the axial (magnetic) line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ax"il</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>axilla</i>. Cf.
<u>Axle</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The angle or point of divergence between
the upper side of a branch, leaf, or petiole, and the stem or branch from
which it springs.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ax"ile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated in the axis of
anything; as an embryo which lies in the axis of a seed.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ax*il"la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Axillae</b></plw> (&?;). [L.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The armpit, or
the cavity beneath the junction of the arm and shoulder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An axil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ax"il*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Axillary.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ax"il*la*ries</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ax"il*lars</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feathers connecting the under
surface of the wing and the body, and concealed by the closed
wing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ax"il*la*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Axil</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the axilla or
armpit; as, <i>axillary</i> gland, artery, nerve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Situated in, or rising from, an
axil; of or pertaining to an axil.</def> "<i>Axillary</i> buds."
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ax"i*nite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named in allusion to the
form of the crystals, fr. Gr. &?; an ax.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A borosilicate
of alumina, iron, and lime, commonly found in glassy, brown crystals with
acute edges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ax*in"o*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>axinomantia</i>, Gr. &?; ax + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>A species of
divination, by means of an ax or hatchet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ax"i*om</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>axioma</i>, Gr.
<i>&?;</i> that which is thought worthy, that which is assumed, a basis of
demonstration, a principle, fr. <i>&?;</i> to think worthy, fr. <i>&?;</i>
worthy, weighing as much as; cf. <i>&?;</i> to lead, drive, also to weigh
so much: cf F. <i>axiome</i>. See <u>Agent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Logic &amp; Math.)</i> <def>A self-evident and necessary
truth, or a proposition whose truth is so evident as first sight that no
reasoning or demonstration can make it plainer; a proposition which it is
necessary to take for granted; as, "The whole is greater than a part;"  "A
thing can not, at the same time, be and not be."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An established principle in some art or science,
which, though not a necessary truth, is universally received; as, the
<i>axioms</i> of political economy.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Axiom</u>, <u>Maxim</u>, <u>Aphorism</u>,
<u>Adage</u>.  An <i>axiom</i> is a self-evident truth which is taken for
granted as the basis of reasoning. A <i>maxim</i> is a guiding principle
sanctioned by experience, and relating especially to the practical concerns
of life. An <i>aphorism</i> is a short sentence pithily expressing some
valuable and general truth or sentiment. An <i>adage</i> is a saying of
long-established authority and of universal application.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ax`i*o*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ax`i*o*mat"ic*al</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to an axiom; having
the nature of an axiom; self-evident; characterized by axioms.</def>
"<i>Axiomatical</i> truth."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The stores of <i>axiomatic</i> wisdom.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ax`i*o*mat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By the use of
axioms; in the form of an axiom.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ax"is</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The spotted deer (<i>Cervus axis</i> or <i>Axis maculata</i>) of
India, where it is called <i>hog deer</i> and <i>parrah</i> (Moorish
name).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ax"is</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Axes</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>axis</i> axis, axle. See <u>Axle</u>.]
<def>A straight line, real or imaginary, passing through a body, on which
it revolves, or may be supposed to revolve; a line passing through a body
or system around which the parts are symmetrically arranged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A straight line with respect to
which the different parts of a magnitude are symmetrically arranged; as,
the <i>axis</i> of a cylinder, <i>i. e.</i>, the <i>axis</i> of a cone,
that is, the straight line joining the vertex and the center of the base;
the <i>axis</i> of a circle, any straight line passing through the
center.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The stem; the central part, or
longitudinal support, on which organs or parts are arranged; the central
line of any body.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The second
vertebra of the neck, or <i>vertebra dentata</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Also used of the body only of the vertebra, which is prolonged
anteriorly within the foramen of the first vertebra or atlas, so as to form
the odontoid process or peg which serves as a pivot for the atlas and head
to turn upon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>One of several imaginary
lines, assumed in describing the position of the planes by which a crystal
is bounded.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The primary or secondary
central line of any design.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Anticlinal axis</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a line or ridge
from which the strata slope downward on the two opposite sides.</cd> --
<col><b>Synclinal axis</b></col>, <cd>a line from which the strata slope
upward in opposite directions, so as to form a valley.</cd> -- <col><b>Axis
cylinder</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the neuraxis or essential, central
substance of a nerve fiber; -- called also <i>axis band</i>, <i>axial
fiber</i>, and <i>cylinder axis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Axis in
peritrochio</b></col>, <cd>the wheel and axle, one of the mechanical
powers.</cd> -- <col><b>Axis of a curve</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a
straight line which bisects a system of parallel chords of a curve; called
a <i>principal axis</i>, when cutting them at right angles, in which case
it divides the curve into two symmetrical portions, as in the parabola,
which has one such axis, the ellipse, which has two, or the circle, which
has an infinite number. The two axes of the ellipse are the <i>major
axis</i> and the <i>minor axis</i>, and the two axes of the hyperbola are
the <i>transverse axis</i> and the <i>conjugate axis</i>.</cd>  --
<col><b>Axis of a lens</b></col>, <cd>the straight line passing through its
center and perpendicular to its surfaces.</cd> -- <col><b>Axis of
a</b></col> <col><b>telescope or microscope</b></col>, <cd>the straight
line with which coincide the axes of the several lenses which compose
it.</cd> -- <col><b>Axes of co&ouml;rdinates in a plane</b></col>, <cd>two
straight lines intersecting each other, to which points are referred for
the purpose of determining their relative position: they are either
rectangular or oblique.</cd> -- <col><b>Axes of co&ouml;rdinates in
space</b></col>, <cd>the three straight lines in which the co&ouml;rdinate
planes intersect each other.</cd> -- <col><b>Axis of a balance</b></col>,
<cd>that line about which it turns.</cd> -- <col><b>Axis of
oscillation</b></col>, <cd>of a pendulum, a right line passing through the
center about which it vibrates, and perpendicular to the plane of
vibration.</cd> -- <col><b>Axis of polarization</b></col>, <cd>the central
line around which the prismatic rings or curves are arranged.</cd>
<i>Brewster.</i> -- <col><b>Axis of revolution</b></col> <i>(Descriptive
Geom.)</i>, <cd>a straight line about which some line or plane is revolved,
so that the several points of the line or plane shall describe circles with
their centers in the fixed line, and their planes perpendicular to it, the
line describing a surface of revolution, and the plane a solid of
revolution.</cd> -- <col><b>Axis of symmetry</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>,
<cd>any line in a plane figure which divides the figure into two such parts
that one part, when folded over along the axis, shall coincide with the
other part.</cd> -- <col><b>Axis of the</b></col> <col><b>equator,
ecliptic, horizon</b></col> (or other circle considered with reference to
the sphere on which it lies), <cd>the diameter of the sphere which is
perpendicular to the plane of the circle.</cd> <i>Hutton.</i> --
<col><b>Axis of the Ionic capital</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a line
passing perpendicularly through the middle of the eye of the volute.</cd> -
- <col><b>Neutral axis</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the line of
demarcation between the horizontal elastic forces of tension and
compression, exerted by the fibers in any cross section of a girder.</cd> -
- <col><b>Optic axis of a crystal</b></col>, <cd>the direction in which a
ray of transmitted light suffers no double refraction. All crystals, not of
the isometric system, are either <i>uniaxial</i> or <i>biaxial</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Optic axis</b></col>, <col><b>Visual axis</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>,
<cd>the straight line passing through the center of the pupil, and
perpendicular to the surface of the eye.</cd> -- <col><b>Radical axis of
two circles</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the straight line perpendicular
to the line joining their centers and such that the tangents from any point
of it to the two circles shall be equal to each other.</cd> --
<col><b>Spiral axis</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the axis of a twisted
column drawn spirally in order to trace the circumvolutions without.</cd> -
- <col><b>Axis of abscissas</b></col> and <col><b>Axis of
ordinates</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Abscissa</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 108  !></p>

<p><hw>Ax"le</hw> (&abreve;ks"'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>axel</i>,
<i>exel</i>, shoulder, AS. <i>eaxl</i>; akin to AS. <i>eax</i> axle, Sw. &
Dan. <i>axel</i> shoulder, axle, G. <i>achse</i> axle, <i>achsel</i>
shoulder, L. <i>axis</i> axle, Gr. <grk>'a`xwn</grk>, Skr. <i>aksha</i>, L.
<i>axilla</i> shoulder joint: cf. F. <i>essieu</i>, axle, OF.
<i>aissel</i>, fr. dim. of L. <i>axis</i>. &radic;205.  Cf. 2d
<u>Axis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The pin or spindle on which a wheel
revolves, or which revolves with a wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A transverse bar or shaft connecting the
opposite wheels of a car or carriage; an axletree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An axis; as, the sun's <i>axle</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had from her <i>axle</i> torn<BR>
The steadfast earth.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; Railway axles are called <i>leading</i> and <i>trailing</i> from
their position in the front or in the rear of a car or truck
respectively.</p>

<p><hw>Ax"le box`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bushing in the hub
of a wheel, through which the axle passes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The journal box of a rotating axle, especially a
railway axle.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In railway construction, the axle guard, or pedestal, with the
superincumbent weight, rests on the top of the box (usually with a spring
intervening), and holds it in place by flanges. The box rests upon the
journal bearing and key, which intervene between the inner top of the box
and the axle.</p>

<p><hw>Ax"led</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an axle; -- used
in composition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Merlin's agate-<i>axled</i> car.<BR>
<i>T. Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ax"le guard`</hw> (&?;). <def>The part of the framing of a railway
car or truck, by which an axle box is held laterally, and in which it may
move vertically; -- also called a <i>jaw</i> in the United States, and a
<i>housing</i> in England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ax"le*tree`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>&ouml;xultr&?;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bar or beam of wood or
iron, connecting the opposite wheels of a carriage, on the ends of which
the wheels revolve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spindle or axle of a wheel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ax"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Axmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who wields an ax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ax"min`ster</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Axminster
carpet, an imitation Turkey carpet, noted for its thick and soft pile; --
so called from <i>Axminster</i>, Eng.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ax"o*lotl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An amphibian of the salamander tribe found in the
elevated lakes of Mexico; the siredon.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When it breeds in captivity the young develop into true
salamanders of the genus <i>Amblystoma</i>. This also occurs naturally
under favorable conditions, in its native localities; although it commonly
lives and breeds in a larval state, with persistent external gills. See
<u>Siredon</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ax"stone`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
variety of jade. It is used by some savages, particularly the natives of
the South Sea Islands, for making axes or hatchets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ax"tree</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Axle or
axletree.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ax"unge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>axonge</i>, L.
<i>axungia</i>; <i>axis</i> wheel + <i>ungere</i> to grease.] <def>Fat;
grease; esp. the fat of pigs or geese; usually <i>(Pharm.)</i>, lard
prepared for medical use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ay</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Ah! alas!</def>
"<i>Ay</i> me! I fondly dream &lsquo;Had ye been there.'"
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ay</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Aye</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"yah</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>aia</i>, akin to
Sp. <i>aya</i> a governess, <i>ayo</i> a tutor.] <def>A native nurse for
children; also, a lady's maid.</def> [India]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Aye</hw>, <hw>Ay</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Perh. a
modification of <i>yea</i>, or from the interjection of admiration or
astonishment, OE. <i>ei</i>, <i>ey</i>, why, hey, ay, well, ah, ha. Cf.
MHG. &amp; G. <i>ei</i>, Dan. <i>ej</i>. Or perh. akin to <i>aye</i> ever.]
<def>Yes; yea; -- a word expressing assent, or an affirmative answer to a
question. It is much used in <i>viva voce</i> voting in legislative bodies,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is written <i>I</i> in the early editions of
Shakespeare and other old writers.</p>

<p><hw>Aye</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An affirmative vote; one
who votes in the affirmative; as, "To call for the <i>ayes</i> and noes;"
"The <i>ayes</i> have it."</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Aye</hw>, <hw>Ay</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>ei</i>, <i>ey</i>; akin to AS. <i>&amacr;</i>, <i>&amacr;wa</i>, always,
Goth. <i>aiws</i> an age, Icel. <i>&aelig;fi</i>, OHG, <i>&?;wa</i>, L.
<i>aevum</i>, Gr. &?; an age, &?;, &?;, ever, always, G. <i>je</i>, Skr.
<i>&?;va</i> course. &?;, &?;. Cf. <u>Age</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>,
<u>Either</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Or</u>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos>]
<def>Always; ever; continually; for an indefinite time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For his mercies <i>aye</i> endure.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>For aye</b></col>, <col><b>always</b></col><cd>; forever;
eternally.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Aye"-aye`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name,
prob. from its cry.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A singular nocturnal
quadruped, allied to the lemurs, found in Madagascar (<i>Cheiromys
Madagascariensis</i>), remarkable for its long fingers, sharp nails, and
rodent-like incisor teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aye"green`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Aye</i> ever +
<i>green</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The houseleek (<i>Sempervivum
tectorum</i>).</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*yen"</hw>, <hw>A*yein"</hw> (&?;), <hw>A*yeins"</hw> (&?;) },
<pos><i>adv. &amp; prep.</i></pos> [OE. &?;, &?;. See <u>Again</u>.]
<def>Again; back against.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*yen"ward</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Backward.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ayle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ayel</i>, <i>aiel</i>,
OF. <i>aiol</i>, <i>aiel</i>, F. <i>a&iuml;eul</i>, a dim. of L.
<i>avus</i> grandfather.] <def>A grandfather.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Writ of Ayle</b></col>, <cd>an ancient English writ which lay
against a stranger who had dispossessed the demandant of land of which his
grandfather died seized.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ay"me`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ahi</i> interj.]
<def>The utterance of the ejaculation "Ay me !" [Obs.] See <u>Ay</u>,
<i>interj</i>.</def> "<i>Aymees</i> and hearty heigh-hoes."  <i>J.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*yond"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep. &amp; adv.</i></pos>
<def>Beyond.</def> [North of Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>A*yont"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep. &amp; adv.</i></pos>
<def>Beyond.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>A"y*rie</hw>, <hw>A"y*ry</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Aerie</u>.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ayr"shire</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>One
of a superior breed of cattle from Ayrshire, Scotland. Ayrshires are
notable for the quantity and quality of their milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*yun`ta*mi*en"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr. OSp.
<i>ayuntar</i> to join.] <def>In Spain and Spanish America, a corporation
or body of magistrates in cities and towns, corresponding to mayor and
aldermen.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*za"le*a</hw> (?; 97), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Azaleas</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; dry, -- so called
because supposed to grow best in dry ground.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
showy flowering shrubs, mostly natives of China or of North America; false
honeysuckle. The genus is scarcely distinct from Rhododendron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az"a*role</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>azerole</i>, the
name of the fruit, fr. Ar. <i>az-zo'r&?;r</i>: cf. It. <i>azzeruolo</i>,
Sp. <i>acerolo</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The Neapolitan medlar
(<i>Crat&aelig;gus azarolus</i>), a shrub of southern Europe; also, its
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*zed"a*rach</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>az&eacute;darac</i>, Sp. <i>acederaque</i>, Pers.
<i>&amacr;z&amacr;ddirakht</i> noble tree.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A handsome Asiatic tree (<i>Melia azedarach</i>), common
in the southern United States; -- called also, <i>Pride of India</i>,
<i>Pride of China</i>, and <i>Bead tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The bark of the roots of the
azedarach, used as a cathartic and emetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az"i*muth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>azimut</i>, F.
<i>azimut</i>, fr. Ar. <i>as-sum&?;t</i>, pl. of <i>as-samt</i> a way, or
perh., a point of the horizon and a circle extending to it from the zenith,
<i>as</i> being the Arabic article: cf. It. <i>azzimutto</i>, Pg.
<i>azimuth</i>, and Ar. <i>samt-al-r&amacr;'s</i> the vertex of the heaven.
Cf. <u>Zenith</u>.] <i>(Astron. &amp; Geodesy)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
quadrant of an azimuth circle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An arc of the
horizon intercepted between the meridian of the place and a vertical circle
passing through the center of any object; as, the <i>azimuth</i> of a star;
the <i>azimuth</i> or bearing of a line surveying.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In trigonometrical surveying, it is customary to reckon the
azimuth of a line from the south point of the horizon around by the west
from 0&deg; to 360&deg;.</p>

<p><col><b>Azimuth circle</b></col>, or <col><b>Vertical circle</b></col>,
<cd>one of the great circles of the sphere intersecting each other in the
zenith and nadir, and cutting the horizon at right angles.</cd>
<i>Hutton.</i> -- <col><b>Azimuth compass</b></col>, <cd>a compass
resembling the mariner's compass, but having the card divided into degrees
instead of rhumbs, and having vertical sights; used for taking the magnetic
azimuth of a heavenly body, in order to find, by comparison with the true
azimuth, the variation of the needle.</cd> -- <col><b>Azimuth
dial</b></col>, <cd>a dial whose stile or gnomon is at right angles to the
plane of the horizon.</cd> <i>Hutton.</i> -- <col><b>Magnetic
azimuth</b></col>, <cd>an arc of the horizon, intercepted between the
vertical circle passing through any object and the magnetic meridian. This
is found by observing the object with an azimuth compass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Az"i*muth`al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the azimuth; in a horizontal circle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Azimuthal error</b></col> <cd>of a transit instrument, its
deviation in azimuth from the plane of the meridian.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Az"o-</hw> (&?;). [See <u>Azote</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
combining form of <i>azote</i></def>; <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Applied
loosely to compounds having nitrogen variously combined, as in cyanides,
nitrates, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Now especially applied to
compounds containing a two atom nitrogen group uniting two hydrocarbon
radicals, as in <i>azo</i>benzene, <i>azo</i>benzoic, etc. These compounds
furnish many artificial dyes. See <u>Diazo-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az`o*ben"zene</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Azo-</i> +
<i>benzene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance
(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.N<sub>2</sub>.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)
derived from nitrobenzene, forming orange red crystals which are easily
fusible.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*zo"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a</grk> priv. +
&?; life, from &?; to live.] <def>Destitute of any vestige of organic life,
or at least of animal life; anterior to the existence of animal life;
formed when there was no animal life on the globe; as, the <i>azoic</i>.
rocks.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Azoic age</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the age preceding the
existence of animal life, or anterior to the paleozoic tome. <i>Azoic</i>
is also used as a noun, <i>age</i> being understood. See
<u>Arch&aelig;an</u>, and <u>Eozoic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Az`o*le"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Azo-</i> +
<i>oleic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to an acid produced by
treating oleic with nitric acid.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>A*zon"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; zone, region.] <def>Confined to no zone or region; not
local.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*zo"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Azores.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A native of the
Azores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az"ote</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>azote</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + &?; life; -- so named by Lavoisier because it is
incapable of supporting life.] <def>Same as <u>Nitrogen</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Az"oth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>azoch</i>,
<i>azoth</i>, fr. Ar. <i>az-zauq</i> mercury.] <i>(Alchemy)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The first principle of metals, <i>i. e.</i>,
mercury, which was formerly supposed to exist in all metals, and to be
extractable from them.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The universal remedy
of Paracelsus.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*zot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to azote, or nitrogen; formed or consisting of azote;
nitric; as, <i>azotic</i> gas; <i>azotic</i> acid.</def> [R.]
<i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Az"o*tite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt formed by the combination of azotous, or nitrous, acid with a base; a
nitrite.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Az"o*tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Azotized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Azotizing</u> (&?;).] <def>To impregnate with azote, or nitrogen; to
nitrogenize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az`o*tom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Azote</i> + <i>-
meter</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An apparatus for measuring or determining
the proportion of nitrogen; a nitrometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*zo"tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nitrous; as,
<i>azotous</i> acid.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Az"tec</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to one
of the early races in Mexico that inhabited the great plateau of that
country at the time of the Spanish conquest in 1519.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Aztec race or people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az"ure</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. &amp; OSp. <i>azur</i>,
Sp. <i>azul</i>, through Ar. from Per. <i>l&amacr;jaward</i>, or
<i>l&amacr;juward</i>, lapis lazuli, a blue color,
<i>l&amacr;jaward&imacr;</i>, <i>l&amacr;juward&imacr;</i>, azure,
cerulean, the initial <i>l</i> having been dropped, perhaps by the
influence of the Ar. <i>azr-aq</i> azure, blue.  Cf. G. <i>lasur</i>,
<i>lasur</i>stein, azure color, azure stone, and NL. lapis <i>lazuli</i>.]
<def>Sky-blue; resembling the clear blue color of the unclouded sky;
cerulean; also, cloudless.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Azure stone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>the lapis lazuli; also,
the lazulite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Az"ure</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The lapis
lazuli.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The clear blue color of the sky; also, a pigment
or dye of this color.</def> "In robes of <i>azure</i>."
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The blue vault above; the unclouded
sky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not like those steps<BR>
On heaven's <i>azure</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A blue color, represented in
engraving by horizontal parallel lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az"ure</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To color blue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az"ured</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of an azure color;
sky-blue.</def> "The <i>azured</i> harebell."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*zu"re*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of a fine blue color; azure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az"u*rine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Azurn</u>.]
<def>Azure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az"u*rine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
blue roach of Europe (<i>Leuciscus c&aelig;ruleus</i>); -- so called from
its color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az"u*rite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Blue
carbonate of copper; blue malachite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az"urn</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>azurin</i>,
<i>asurin</i>, LL. <i>azurinus</i>. See <u>Azure</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Azure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thick set with agate, and the <i>azurn</i> sheen<BR>
Of turkis blue, and emerald green.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Az"y*gous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk>
priv. + &?; yoke.] <def>Odd; having no fellow; not one of a pair; single;
as, the <i>azygous</i> muscle of the uvula.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Az"ym</hw>, <hw>Az"yme</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>azyme</i> unleavened, L. <i>azymus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>'a</grk> priv.
+ &?; leaven.] <def>Unleavened bread.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*zym"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Azymous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az"y*mite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>azymite</i>.]
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One who administered the Eucharist with
unleavened bread; -- a name of reproach given by those of the Greek church
to the Latins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Az"y*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Azym</u>.]
<def>Unleavened; unfermented.</def> "<i>Azymous</i> bread."
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><! p. 109 pr=SA !></p>

<p><point26>B.</point26></p>

<p><hw>B</hw> (b&emacr;) <def>is the second letter of the English alphabet.
(See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 196, 220.) It is
etymologically related to <i>p</i>, <i>v</i>, <i>f</i>, <i>w</i>, and
<i>m</i>, letters representing sounds having a close organic affinity to
its own sound; as in Eng. <i>b</i>ursar and <i>p</i>urser; Eng. <i>b</i>ear
and Lat. <i>f</i>erre; Eng. sil<i>v</i>er and Ger. sil<i>b</i>er; Lat.
cu<i>b</i>itum and It. go<i>m</i>ito; Eng. se<i>v</i>en, Anglo-Saxon
seo<i>f</i>on, Ger. sie<i>b</i>en, Lat. se<i>p</i>tem,
Gr.<grk>"epta`</grk>, Sanskrit sa<i>p</i>tan. The form of letter B is
Roman, from the Greek B (<i>Beta</i>), of Semitic origin. The small b was
formed by gradual change from the capital B.</def></p>

<p>In <i>Music</i>, B is the nominal of the seventh tone in the model major
scale (the scale of C major), or of the second tone in its relative minor
scale (that of A minor).  B&flat; stands for B flat, the tone a half step ,
or semitone, lower than B.  In German, B stands for our B&flat;, while our
B natural is called H (pronounced h&auml;).</p>

<p><hw>Ba</hw> (b&auml;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>baer</i> to
open the mouth, F. <i>bayer</i>.] <def>To kiss.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Baa</hw> (b&auml;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>b&auml;en</i>; an imitative word.] <def>To cry baa, or bleat as a
sheep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He treble <i>baas</i> for help, but none can get.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Baa</hw> (b&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Baas</b></plw> (b&auml;z). [Cf. G. <i>b&auml;</i>.] <def>The cry or
bleating of a sheep; a bleat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Baa"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bleating of a
sheep.</def> <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba"al</hw> (b&amacr;"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; Heb. pl.
<plw><b>Baalim</b></plw> (-&ibreve;m). [Heb. <i>ba'al</i> lord.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>The supreme male divinity of the
Phoenician and Canaanitish nations.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name of this god occurs in the Old Testament and elsewhere
with qualifying epithets subjoined, answering to the different ideas of his
character; ; as, <i>Baal</i>-berith (the Covenant Baal), <i>Baal</i>-zebub
(Baal of the fly).</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The whole class of divinities to whom
the name Baal was applied.</def> <i>Judges x. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba"al*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Worship of
Baal; idolatry.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ba"al*ist</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ba"al*ite</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A worshiper of Baal; a devotee of any false
religion; an idolater.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba"ba</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A kind of plum
cake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bab"bitt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To line with
Babbitt metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bab"bitt met`al</hw> (&?;). [From the inventor, Isaac <i>Babbitt</i>
of Massachusetts.] <def>A soft white alloy of variable composition (as a
nine parts of tin to one of copper, or of fifty parts of tin to five of
antimony and one of copper) used in bearings to diminish
friction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bab"ble</hw> (b&abreve;b"b'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Babbled</u> (-b'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Babbling</u>.] [Cf.LG. <i>babbeln</i>, D. <i>babbelen</i>, G.
<i>bappeln</i>, <i>bappern</i>, F. <i>babiller</i>, It. <i>babbolare</i>;
prob. orig., to keep saying <i>ba</i>, imitative of a child learning to
talk.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter words indistinctly or
unintelligibly; to utter inarticulate sounds; as, a child
<i>babbles</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To talk incoherently; to utter unmeaning
words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To talk much; to chatter; to prate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make a continuous murmuring noise, as shallow
water running over stones.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In every <i>babbling</i> brook he finds a friend.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; Hounds are said to <i>babble</i>, or to be <i>babbling</i>, when
they are too noisy after having found a good scent.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To prate; prattle; chatter; gossip.</p>

<p><hw>Bab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
utter in an indistinct or incoherent way; to repeat, as words, in a
childish way without understanding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These [words] he used to <i>babble</i> in all companies.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disclose by too free talk, as a
secret.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Idle
talk; senseless prattle; gabble; twaddle.</def> "This is mere moral
<i>babble</i>." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inarticulate speech; constant or confused
murmur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>babble</i> of our young children.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>babble</i> of the stream.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bab"ble*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Babble.</def>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bab"bler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
idle talker; an irrational prater; a teller of secrets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great <i>babblers</i>, or talkers, are not fit for
trust.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hound too noisy on finding a good
scent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name given to any one of a
family (<i>Timalin&aelig;</i>) of thrushlike birds, having a chattering
note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bab"ble*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Babble.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Babe</hw> (b&amacr;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. <i>bab</i>,
<i>baban</i>, W. <i>baban</i>, <i>maban</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An infant; a young child of either sex; a
baby.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A doll for children.</def> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Babe"hood</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Babyhood.</def> [R.]
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba"bel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>B&amacr;bel</i>,
the name of the capital of Babylonia; in Genesis associated with the idea
of "confusion."] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The city and tower in the land of
Shinar, where the confusion of languages took place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore is the name of it called <i>Babel</i>.<BR>
<i>Gen. xi. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A place or scene of noise and confusion;
a confused mixture of sounds, as of voices or languages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>babel</i> of strange heathen languages.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The grinding <i>babel</i> of the street</blockquote>. <i>R.
L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bab"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. orig. for
<i>baboonery</i>. Cf. <u>Baboon</u>, and also <u>Babe</u>.] <def>Finery of
a kind to please a child.</def> [Obs.] "Painted <i>babery</i>." <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ba"bi*an</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ba"bi*on</hw> } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Baboon</u>.] <def>A baboon.</def> [Obs.] <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bab"il*lard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a babbler.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lesser whitethroat of Europe; -- called also
<i>babbling warbler</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bab"ing*ton*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Dr.
<i>Babbington</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occurring in triclinic
crystals approaching pyroxene in angle, and of a greenish black color. It
is a silicate of iron, manganese, and lime.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Bab`i*rous"sa</hw>, <hw>||Bab`i*rus"sa</hw>} (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>babiroussa</i>, fr. Malay
<i>b&amacr;b&imacr;</i> hog + <i>r&umacr;sa</i> deer.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large hoglike quadruped (<i>Sus, or Porcus, babirussa</i>) of the
East Indies, sometimes domesticated; the Indian hog. Its upper canine teeth
or tusks are large and recurved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bab"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a babe; a
childish; babyish.</def> [R.] "<i>Babish</i> imbecility." <i>Drayton.</i> -
- <wf>Bab"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Bab"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bab"ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Bab</i> (Pers.
<i>bab</i> a gate), the title assumed by the founder, Mirza Ali Mohammed.]
<def>The doctrine of a modern religious sect, which originated in Persia in
1843, being a mixture of Mohammedan, Christian, Jewish, and Parsee
elements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bab"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in
Babism.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bab"lah</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Per.
<i>bab&umacr;l</i> a species of mimosa yielding gum arabic.] <def>The rind
of the fruit of several East Indian species of acacia; neb-neb. It contains
gallic acid and tannin, and is used for dyeing drab.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ba"boo</hw>, <hw>||Ba"bu</hw> } (b&auml;"b&oomac;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>b&amacr;b&umacr;</i>.] <def>A Hindoo
gentleman; a native clerk who writes English; also, a Hindoo title
answering to <i>Mr.</i> or <i>Esquire</i>.</def> <i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bab*oon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>babewin</i>,
<i>baboin</i>, fr. F. <i>babouin</i>, or LL. <i>babewynus</i>. Of unknown
origin; cf. D. <i>baviaan</i>, G. <i>pavian</i>, baboon, F. <i>babine</i>
lip of ape, dogs, etc., dial. G. <i>b&auml;ppe</i> mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Old World Quadrumana, of the genera
<i>Cynocephalus</i> and <i>Papio</i>; the dog-faced ape. Baboons have dog-
like muzzles and large canine teeth, cheek pouches, a short tail, and naked
callosities on the buttocks. They are mostly African. See <u>Mandrill</u>,
and <u>Chacma</u>, and <u>Drill</u> an ape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bab*oon"ery</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Baboonish
behavior.</def> <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bab*oon"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a baboon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"by</hw> (b&amacr;"b&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Babies</b></plw> (-b&ibreve;z). [Dim. of <i>babe</i>.] <def>An
infant or young child of either sex; a babe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small image of an infant; a doll.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Babies in the eyes</b></col>, <cd>the minute reflection which
one sees of one's self in the eyes of another.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>She clung about his neck, gave him ten kisses,<BR>
Toyed with his locks, looked <i>babies in his eyes</i>.<BR>
<i>Heywood.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ba"by</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or resembling,
an infant; young or little; as, <i>baby</i> swans.</def> "<i>Baby</i>
figure" <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba"by</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Babied</u> (-b&ibreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Babying</u>.] <def>To treat like a young child; to keep dependent; to
humor; to fondle.</def> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba"by farm`</hw> (&?;). <def>A place where the nourishment and care
of babies are offered for hire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"by farm`er</hw> (&?;). <def>One who keeps a baby farm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"by farm`ing</hw>. <def>The business of keeping a baby
farm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"by*hood</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or period
of infancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"by*house`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place for
children's dolls and dolls' furniture.</def> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba"by*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a baby; childish;
puerile; simple.</def> -- <wf>Ba"by*ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ba"by*ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ba"by*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being a baby.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A babyish manner of acting or
speaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"by jump`er</hw> (&?;). <def>A hoop suspended by an elastic strap,
in which a young child may be held secure while amusing itself by jumping
on the floor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bab`y*lo"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the real or to the mystical Babylon, or to the ancient
kingdom of Babylonia; Chaldean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bab`y*lo"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
inhabitant of Babylonia (which included Chaldea); a Chaldean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An astrologer; -- so called because the
Chaldeans were remarkable for the study of astrology.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bab`y*lon"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bab`y*lon"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to Babylon, or made
there; as, <i>Babylonic</i> garments, carpets, or hangings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tumultuous; disorderly.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir J.
Harrington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bab"y*lo`nish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to, or made in, Babylon or Babylonia.</def> "A
<i>Babylonish</i> garment." <i>Josh. vii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the Babylon of <i>Revelation xiv.
8.</i></def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to Rome and papal power.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . injurious nickname of <i>Babylonish</i>.
<i>Gage.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Confused; Babel-like.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Bab`y*rous"sa</hw>, <hw>||Bab`y*rus"sa</hw> } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Babiroussa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"by*ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being a baby; the personality of an infant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Back</u> a vat.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A broad, flat-bottomed ferryboat, usually worked by
a rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vat or cistern. See 1st <u>Back</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac"ca*lau"re*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>baccalaureatus</i>, fr. LL. <i>baccalaureus</i> a bachelor of arts, fr.
<i>baccalarius</i>, but as if fr. L. <i>bacca lauri</i> bayberry, from the
practice of the bachelor's wearing a garland of bayberries. See
<u>Bachelor</u>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The degree of bachelor of arts
(B.A. or A.B.), the first or lowest academical degree conferred by
universities and colleges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A baccalaureate sermon.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bac`ca*lau"re*ate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
bachelor of arts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Baccalaureate sermon</b></col>, <cd>in some American colleges, a
sermon delivered as a farewell discourse to a graduating class.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Bac`ca*ra"</hw>, <hw>Bac`ca*rat"</hw> } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A French game of cards, played by a banker
and punters.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bac*ca"re</hw>, <hw>Bac*ka"re</hw> } (&?;),
<pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Stand back! give place! -- a cant word of
the Elizabethan writers, probably in ridicule of some person who pretended
to a knowledge of Latin which he did not possess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Baccare</i>! you are marvelous forward.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bac"cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>baccatus</i>, fr.
L. <i>bacca</i> berry.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pulpy throughout, like a berry;
-- said of fruits.</def> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bac"ca*ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having many berries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Set or adorned with pearls.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bac"cha*nal</hw> (b&abreve;k"k&adot;*n<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Bacchanalis</i>. See <u>Bacchanalia</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to Bacchus or his festival.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Engaged in drunken revels; drunken and riotous
or noisy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac"cha*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A devotee of Bacchus; one who indulges in drunken revels; one who is
noisy and riotous when intoxicated; a carouser.</def> "Tipsy
<i>bacchanals</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The festival of Bacchus; the
bacchanalia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Drunken revelry; an orgy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A song or a dance in honor of Bacchus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bac`cha*na"li*a</hw> (-n&amacr;"l&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>Bacchanal</i> a place devoted to Bacchus; in the pl.
<i>Bacchanalia</i> a feast of Bacchus, fr. <i>Bacchus</i> the god of wine,
Gr. <grk>Ba`kchos</grk>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A feast or an orgy in honor of
Bacchus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A drunken feast; drunken revels; an
orgy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac`cha*na"li*an</hw> (-n&amacr;"l&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n; 106),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the festival of Bacchus;
relating to or given to reveling and drunkenness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even <i>bacchanalian</i> madness has its charms.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bac`cha*na"li*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bacchanal; a
drunken reveler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac`cha*na"li*an*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
practice of bacchanalians; bacchanals; drunken revelry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac"chant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Bacchants</b></plw>, L. <plw><b>Bacchantes</b></plw>. [L.
<i>bacchans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>bacchari</i> to celebrate the
festival of Bacchus.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A priest of
Bacchus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bacchanal; a reveler.</def> <i>Croly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bac"chant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bacchanalian; fond of
drunken revelry; wine-loving; reveling; carousing.</def> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bac"chante</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; L. pl.
<plw><b>Bacchantes</b></plw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A priestess of
Bacchus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A female bacchanal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*chan"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Bacchanalian.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bac"chic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bac"chic*al</hw> (&?;) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Bacchicus</i>, Gr. <grk>Bakchiko`s</grk>.]
<def>Of or relating to Bacchus; hence, jovial, or riotous, with
intoxication.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bac*chi"us</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bacchii</b></plw>  (&?;). [L. <i>Bacchius</i> pes, Gr. <grk>"o
Bakchei^os</grk> (sc. <grk>poy`s</grk> foot).] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A
metrical foot composed of a short syllable and two long ones; according to
some, two long and a short.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac"chus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>Ba`kchos</grk>.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>The god of wine, son of Jupiter
and Semele.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*cif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>baccifer</i>;
<i>bacca</i> berry + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Producing berries.</def> "
<i>Bacciferous</i> trees." <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bac"ci*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bacca</i> berry
+ <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a berry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*civ"o*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bacca</i>
berry + <i>vorare</i> to devour.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Eating, or
subsisting on, berries; as, <i>baccivorous</i> birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bace</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n., a., &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Base</u>.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{<hw>Bach"a*rach</hw>, <hw>Back"a*rack</hw> } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of wine made at <i>Bacharach</i> on the
Rhine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bach"e*lor</hw> (b&abreve;ch"&esl;*l&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>bacheler</i> young man, F. <i>bachelier</i> (cf. Pr.
<i>bacalar</i>, Sp. <i>bachiller</i>, Pg. <i>bacharel</i>, It.
<i>baccalare</i>), LL. <i>baccalarius</i> the tenant of a kind of farm
called <i>baccalaria</i>, a soldier not old or rich enough to lead his
retainers into battle with a banner, a person of an inferior academical
degree aspiring to a doctorate. In the latter sense, it was afterward
changed to baccalaureus. See <u>Baccalaureate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man of any age who has not been
married.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As merry and mellow an old <i>bachelor</i> as ever followed
a hound.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unmarried woman.</def> [Obs.] <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 110 pr=SA !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person who has taken the first or lowest
degree in the liberal arts, or in some branch of science, at a college or
university; as, a <i>bachelor</i> of arts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A knight who had no standard of his own, but
fought under the standard of another in the field; often, a young
knight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In the companies of London tradesmen, one not
yet admitted to wear the livery; a junior member.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of bass, an edible
fresh-water fish (<i>Pomoxys annularis</i>) of the southern United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bach"e*lor*dom</hw> (b&abreve;ch"&esl;*l&etilde;r*d&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of bachelorhood; the whole body of
bachelors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bach"e*lor*hood</hw> (-h&oocr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or condition of being a bachelor; bachelorship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bach"e*lor*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Bachelorhood; also, a manner or peculiarity belonging to
bachelors.</def>  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bach"e*lor's but"ton</hw> (&?;), <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant with
flowers shaped like buttons; especially, several species of
<i>Ranunculus</i>, and the cornflower (<i>Centaurea cyanus</i>) and globe
amaranth (<i>Gomphrena</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Bachelor's buttons</i>, a name given to several flowers "from
their similitude to the jagged cloathe buttons, anciently worne in this
kingdom," according to Johnson's <i>Gerarde, p. 472 (1633)</i>; but by
other writers ascribed to "a habit of country fellows to carry them in
their pockets to divine their success with their sweethearts."  <i>Dr.
Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bach"e*lor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being a
bachelor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bach"el*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bachelerie</i>.]
<def>The body of young aspirants for knighthood.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba*cil"lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bacillum</i>
little staff.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Shaped like a rod or staff.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bac"il*la`ri*&aelig;</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr.L. <i>bacillum</i>, dim. of <i>baculum</i> stick.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Diatom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac"il*la*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to little rods; rod-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*cil"li*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bacillum</i>
little staff + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Rod-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*cil"lus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bacilli</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., for L. <i>bacillum</i>. See
<u>Bacillarle</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A variety of bacterium; a
microscopic, rod-shaped vegetable organism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back</hw> (b&abreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bac</i>: cf.
Arm. <i>bag</i>, <i>bak</i> a bark, D. <i>bak</i> tray, bowl.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large shallow vat; a cistern, tub, or trough,
used by brewers, distillers, dyers, picklers, gluemakers, and others, for
mixing or cooling wort, holding water, hot glue, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hop back</b></col>, <col><b>Jack back</b></col>, <cd>the cistern
which receives the infusion of malt and hops from the copper.</cd> --
<col><b>Wash back</b></col>, <cd>a vat in which distillers ferment the wort
to form wash.</cd> -- <col><b>Water back</b></col>, <cd>a cistern to hold a
supply of water; esp. a small cistern at the back of a stove, or a group of
pipes set in the fire box of a stove or furnace, through which water
circulates and is heated.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ferryboat.  See <u>Bac</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back</hw> (b&abreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>b&aelig;c</i>,
<i>bac</i>; akin to Icel., Sw., &amp; LG. <i>bak</i>, Dan. <i>bag</i>; cf. OHG.
<i>bahho</i> ham, Skr. <i>bhaj</i> to turn, OSlav. <i>b&emacr;g&ubreve;</i>
flight. Cf. <u>Bacon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In human beings, the
hinder part of the body, extending from the neck to the end of the spine;
in other animals, that part of the body which corresponds most nearly to
such part of a human being; as, the <i>back</i> of a horse, fish, or
lobster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An extended upper part, as of a mountain or
ridge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The mountains] their broad bare <i>backs</i> upheave<BR>
Into the clouds.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The outward or upper part of a thing, as opposed
to the inner or lower part; as, the <i>back</i> of the hand, the
<i>back</i> of the foot, the <i>back</i> of a hand rail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Methought Love pitying me, when he saw this,<BR>
Gave me your hands, the <i>backs</i> and palms to kiss.<BR>
<i>Donne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The part opposed to the front; the hinder or
rear part of a thing; as, the <i>back</i> of a book; the <i>back</i> of an
army; the <i>back</i> of a chimney.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The part opposite to, or most remote from, that
which fronts the speaker or actor; or the part out of sight, or not
generally seen; as, the <i>back</i> of an island, of a hill, or of a
village.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The part of a cutting tool on the opposite side
from its edge; as, the <i>back</i> of a knife, or of a saw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A support or resource in reserve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This project<BR>
Should have a <i>back</i> or second, that might hold,<BR>
If this should blast in proof.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The keel and keelson of a
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The upper part of a lode, or the
roof of a horizontal underground passage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A garment for the back; hence, clothing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>bak</i> to walken inne by daylight.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Behind one's back</b></col>, <cd>when one is absent; without
one's knowledge; as, to ridicule a person <i>behind his back</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Full back</b></col>, <col><b>Half back</b></col>, <col><b>Quarter
back</b></col> <i>(Football)</i>, <cd>players stationed behind those in the
front line.</cd> -- <col><b>To be</b> or <b>lie on one's back</b></col>,
<cd>to be helpless.</cd> -- <col><b>To put</b></col>, or
<col><b>get</b></col>, <col><b>one's back up</b></col>, <cd>to assume an
attitude of obstinate resistance (from the action of a cat when
attacked).</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To see the back of</b></col>, <cd>to
get rid of.</cd>  -- <col><b>To turn the back</b></col>, <cd>to go away; to
flee.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn the back on one</b></col>, <cd>to forsake or
neglect him.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Back</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being at the
back or in the rear; distant; remote; as, the <i>back</i> door; <i>back</i>
settlements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being in arrear; overdue; as, <i>back</i>
rent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Moving or operating backward; as, <i>back</i>
action.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Back charges</b></col>, <cd>charges brought forward after an
account has been made up.</cd> -- <col><b>Back filling</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the mass of materials used in filling up the space
between two walls, or between the inner and outer faces of a wall, or upon
the haunches of an arch or vault.</cd>  --  <col><b>Back
pressure</b></col>. <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Pressure</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Back rest</b></col>, <cd>a guide attached
to the slide rest of a lathe, and placed in contact with the work, to
steady it in turning.</cd> -- <col><b>Back slang</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
slang in which every word is written or pronounced backwards; as,
<i>nam</i> for <i>man</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Back stairs</b></col>,
<cd>stairs in the back part of a house; private stairs.  Also used
adjectively. See <u>Back stairs</u>, <u>Backstairs</u>, and
<u>Backstair</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Back step</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the retrograde movement of a man or body of men, without
changing front.</cd> -- <col><b>Back stream</b></col>, <cd>a current
running against the main current of a stream; an eddy.</cd>  --  <col><b>To
take the back track</b></col>, <cd>to retrace one's steps; to retreat.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Back</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Backed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Backing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To get upon the back of; to mount.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>back</i> him [a horse] straight.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place or seat upon the back.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Great Jupiter, upon his eagle <i>backed</i>,<BR>
Appeared to me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To drive or force backward; to cause to retreat
or recede; as, to <i>back</i> oxen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make a back for; to furnish with a back; as,
to <i>back</i> books.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To adjoin behind; to be at the back
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A garden . . . with a vineyard <i>backed</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The chalk cliffs which <i>back</i> the beach.<BR>
<i>Huxley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To write upon the back of; as, to <i>back</i> a
letter; to indorse; as, to <i>back</i> a note or legal document.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To support; to maintain; to second or strengthen
by aid or influence; as, to <i>back</i> a friend.</def> "The Parliament
would be <i>backed</i> by the people."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Have still found it necessary to <i>back</i> and fortify
their laws with rewards and punishments.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The mate <i>backed</i> the captain manfully.<BR>
<i>Blackw. Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To bet on the success of; -- as, to <i>back</i>
a race horse.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To back an anchor</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to lay down a
small anchor ahead of a large one, the cable of the small one being
fastened to the crown of the large one.</cd> -- <col><b>To back the
field</b></col>, <cd>in horse racing, to bet against a particular horse or
horses, that some one of all the other horses, collectively designated "the
field", will win.</cd> -- <col><b>To back the oars</b></col>, <cd>to row
backward with the oars.</cd>  -- <col><b>To back a rope</b></col>, <cd>to
put on a preventer.</cd> -- <col><b>To back the sails</b></col>, <cd>to
arrange them so as to cause the ship to move astern.</cd>  -- <col><b>To
back up</b></col>, <cd>to support; to sustain; as, to <i>back up</i> one's
friends.</cd> -- <col><b>To back a warrant</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>is
for a justice of the peace, in the county where the warrant is to be
executed, to sign or indorse a warrant, issued in another county, to
apprehend an offender.</cd> -- <col><b>To back water</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>,  <cd>to reverse the action of the oars, paddles, or
propeller, so as to force the boat or ship backward.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Back</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move
or go backward; as, the horse refuses to <i>back</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To change from one quarter to
another by a course opposite to that of the sun; -- used of the
wind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Sporting)</i> <def>To stand still behind another
dog which has pointed; -- said of a dog.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>To back and fill</b></col>, <cd>to manage the sails of a ship so
that the wind strikes them alternately in front and behind, in order to
keep the ship in the middle of a river or channel while the current or tide
carries the vessel against the wind.</cd>  Hence: (Fig.) <cd>To take
opposite positions alternately; to assert and deny.</cd>  [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To back out</b></col>, <col><b>To back down</b></col>, <cd>to
retreat or withdraw from a promise, engagement, or contest; to recede.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cleon at first . . . was willing to go; but, finding that he
[Nicias] was in earnest, he tried to <i>back out</i>.<BR>
<i>Jowett (Thucyd. )</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Back</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Shortened from <i>aback</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In, to, or toward, the rear; as, to stand
<i>back</i>; to step <i>back</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To the place from which one came; to the place
or person from which something is taken or derived; as, to go <i>back</i>
for something left behind; to go <i>back</i> to one's native place; to put
a book <i>back</i> after reading it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To a former state, condition, or station; as, to
go <i>back</i> to private life; to go <i>back</i> to barbarism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>(Of time) In times past; ago.</def> "Sixty or
seventy years <i>back</i>."  <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Away from contact; by reverse
movement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The angel of the Lord . . . came, and rolled <i>back</i> the
stone from the door.<BR>
<i>Matt. xxviii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In concealment or reserve; in one's own
possession; as, to keep <i>back</i> the truth; to keep <i>back</i> part of
the money due to another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>In a state of restraint or hindrance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord hath kept thee <i>back</i> from honor.<BR>
<i>Numb. xxiv. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>In return, repayment, or requital.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What have I to give you <i>back</i>?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>In withdrawal from a statement, promise, or
undertaking; as, he took <i>back</i> the offensive words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>In arrear; as, to be <i>back</i> in one's
rent.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Back and forth</b></col>, <cd>backwards and forwards; to and
fro.</cd>  --  <col><b>To go back on</b></col>, <cd>to turn back from; to
abandon; to betray; as, <i>to go back on</i> a friend; <i>to go back on</i>
one's professions.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Back"a*rack</hw> (b&abreve;k"&adot;*r&abreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Bacharach</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*ka"re</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Baccare</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"band`</hw> (-b&abreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d
<i>back</i>, n. + <i>band</i>.] <i>(Saddlery)</i> <def>The band which
passes over the back of a horse and holds up the shafts of a
carriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"bite`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [2d <i>back</i>, n. +
<i>bite</i>.] <def>To wound by clandestine detraction; to censure meanly or
spitefully (an absent person); to slander or speak evil of (one
absent).</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Back"bite`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To censure or revile
the absent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are arrant knaves, and will <i>backbite</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Back"bit`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who backbites;
a secret calumniator or detractor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"bit`ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Secret slander;
detraction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Backbiting</i>, and bearing of false witness.<BR>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Back"board`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>back</i>, n. +
<i>board</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A board which supports the back when one is
sitting;</def></p>

<p>specifically, the board athwart the after part of a boat.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A board serving as the back part of anything, as
of a wagon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thin stuff used for the backs of framed
pictures, mirrors, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A board attached to the rim of a water wheel to
prevent the water from running off the floats or paddles into the interior
of the wheel.</def>  <i>W. Nicholson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A board worn across the back to give erectness
to the figure.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Back"bond`</hw> (-b&obreve;nd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Back</i>,
adv. + <i>bond</i>.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>An instrument which, in
conjunction with another making an absolute disposition, constitutes a
trust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"bone"</hw> (-b&omacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>back</i>,
n. + <i>bone</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The column of bones in the back which sustains
and gives firmness to the frame; the spine; the vertebral or spinal
column.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything like, or serving the purpose of, a
backbone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lofty mountains on the north side compose the granitic
axis, or <i>backbone</i> of the country.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We have now come to the <i>backbone</i> of our subject.<BR>
<i>Earle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Firmness; moral principle;
steadfastness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shelley's thought never had any <i>backbone</i>.<BR>
<i>Shairp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To the backbone</b></col>, <cd>through and through; thoroughly;
entirely.</cd>  "Staunch <i>to the backbone</i>."  <i>Lord Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Back"boned"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Vertebrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"cast`</hw> (-k&adot;st`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Back</i>,
adv. + <i>cast</i>.] <def>Anything which brings misfortune upon one, or
causes failure in an effort or enterprise; a reverse.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Back" door"</hw> (&?;). <def>A door in the back part of a building;
hence, an indirect way.</def>  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Back"door"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting from behind and in
concealment; backstairs; as, <i>backdoor</i> intrigues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"down`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A receding or
giving up; a complete surrender.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Backed</hw> (b&abreve;kt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a back;
fitted with a back; as, a <i>backed</i> electrotype or stereotype plate.
Used in composition; as, broad-<i>backed</i>; hump-<i>backed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"er</hw> (b&abreve;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, backs; especially one who backs a person or thing in a
contest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"fall`</hw> (-f&add;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>back</i>,
n. + <i>fall</i>.] <def>A fall or throw on the back in wrestling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"friend`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Back</i>, n. or
adv. + <i>friend</i>.] <def>A secret enemy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Back"gam`mon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Origin unknown;
perhaps fr. Dan. <i>bakke</i> tray +  E. <i>game</i>; or very likely the
first part is from E. <i>back</i>, adv., and the game is so called because
the men are often set <i>back</i>.] <def>A game of chance and skill, played
by two persons on a "board" marked off into twenty-four spaces called
"points". Each player has fifteen pieces, or "men", the movements of which
from point to point are determined by throwing dice.  Formerly called
<i>tables</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Backgammon board</b></col> , <cd>a board for playing backgammon,
often made in the form of two rectangular trays hinged together, each tray
containing two "tables".</cd></p>

<p><hw>Back"gam`mon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>In the game of
backgammon, to beat by ending the game before the loser is clear of his
first "table".</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"ground`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Back</i>, a. +
<i>ground</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ground in the rear or behind, or in the
distance, as opposed to the <i>foreground</i>, or the ground in
<i>front</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>The space which is behind and
subordinate to a portrait or group of figures.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The distance in a picture is usually divided into foreground,
middle distance, and <i>background</i>.  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything behind, serving as a foil; as, the
statue had a <i>background</i> of red hangings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A place in obscurity or retirement, or out of
sight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I fancy there was a <i>background</i> of grinding and
waiting before Miss Torry could produce this highly finished . . .
performance.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Alexander.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A husband somewhere in the <i>background</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To place in the background</b></col>, <cd>to make of little
consequence.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Back"hand`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Back</i>, adv. +
<i>hand</i>.] <def>A kind of handwriting in which the downward slope of the
letters is from left to right.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"hand`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sloping from left to right; -- said of handwriting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Backhanded; indirect; oblique.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Back"hand`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With
the hand turned backward; as, a <i>backhanded</i> blow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indirect; awkward; insincere; sarcastic; as, a
<i>backhanded</i> compliment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Turned back, or inclining to the left; as,
<i>backhanded</i> letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"hand`ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
backhanded; the using of backhanded or indirect methods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"hand`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A backhanded
blow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"house`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>   [<i>Back</i>, a. +
<i>house</i>.] <def>A building behind the main building.</def>
Specifically: <def>A privy; a necessary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of moving backward, or of putting or moving anything backward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is behind, and forms the back of,
anything, usually giving strength or stability.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Support or aid given to a person or
cause.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bookbinding)</i> <def>The preparation of the back
of a book with glue, etc., before putting on the cover.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"joint`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>   [<i>Back</i>, a. or
adv. + <i>joint</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A rebate or chase in masonry left
to receive a permanent slab or other filling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"lash`</hw> (-l&abreve;sh`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Back</i>,
adv. + <i>lash</i>.] <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The distance through which one
part of connected machinery, as a wheel, piston, or screw, can be moved
without moving the connected parts, resulting from looseness in fitting or
from wear; also, the jarring or reflex motion caused in badly fitting
machinery by irregularities in velocity or a reverse of motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"log`</hw> (-l&obreve;g`; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Back</i>, a. + <i>log</i>.] <def>A large stick of wood, forming the
back of a fire on the hearth.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There was first a <i>backlog</i>, from fifteen to four and
twenty inches in diameter and five feet long, imbedded in the ashes.<BR>
<i>S. G. Goodrich.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Back"piece`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Back"plate`</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Back</i>, n. or a. +  <i>piece</i>, <i>plate</i>.]
<def>A piece, or plate, which forms the back of anything, or which covers
the back; armor for the back.</def></p>

<p><! p. 111  pr=SA !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Back"rack</hw> (b&abreve;k"r&abreve;k), <hw>Back"rag</hw>
(b&abreve;k"r&abreve;g), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bacharach</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Backs</hw> (b&abreve;ks), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Among
leather dealers, the thickest and stoutest tanned hides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"saw`</hw> (b&abreve;k"s&add;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d
<i>back</i>, n. + <i>saw</i>.] <def>A saw (as a tenon saw) whose blade is
stiffened by an added metallic back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"set`</hw> (-s&ebreve;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>    [<i>Back</i>,
adv. + <i>set</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A check; a relapse; a
discouragement; a setback.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whatever is thrown back in its course, as
water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Slackwater, or the <i>backset</i> caused by the
overflow.<BR>
<i>Harper's Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Back"set`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To plow again, in the
fall; -- said of prairie land broken up in the spring.</def> [Western
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Back"set"tler</hw> (-s&ebreve;t"l&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Back</i>, a. + <i>settler</i>.] <def>One living in the back or outlying
districts of a community.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The English <i>backsettlers</i> of Leinster and Munster.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Back"sheesh`</hw>, <hw>||Back"shish`</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pers. <i>bakhsh&imacr;sh</i>, fr.
<i>bakhsh&imacr;dan</i> to give.] <def>In Egypt and the Turkish empire, a
gratuity; a "tip".</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"side`</hw> (-s&imacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Back</i>, a.
+ <i>side</i>.] <def>The hinder part, posteriors, or rump of a person or
animal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Backside</i> (one word) was formerly used of the rear part or
side of any thing or place, but in such senses is now two words.</p>

<p><hw>Back"sight`</hw> (-s&imacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>   [<i>Back</i>,
adv. + <i>sight</i>.] <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>The reading of the leveling staff
in its unchanged position when the leveling instrument has been taken to a
new position; a sight directed backwards to a station previously occupied.
Cf. <u>Foresight</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"slide"</hw> (-sl&imacr;d"; 277), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Backslid</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Backslidden</u> (&?;),    <u>Backslid</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos>  <u>Backsliding</u>.] [<i>Back</i>, adv. + <i>slide</i>.]
<def>To slide back; to fall away; esp. to abandon gradually the faith and
practice of a religion that has been professed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"slid"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
backslides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"slid"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slipping back; falling
back into sin or error; sinning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Turn, O <i>backsliding</i> children, saith the Lord.<BR>
<i>Jer. iii. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Back"slid"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
backslides; abandonment of faith or duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>backslidings</i> are many.<BR>
<i>Jer. xiv. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Back"staff`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
formerly used for taking the altitude of the heavenly bodies, but now
superseded by the quadrant and sextant; -- so called because the observer
turned his back to the body observed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back" stairs`</hw> (-st&acirc;rz`) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>. <def>Stairs
in the back part of a house, as distinguished from the <i>front stairs</i>;
hence, a private or indirect way.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Back"stairs`</hw>, <hw>Back"stair`</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Private; indirect; secret; intriguing; -- as if finding access by the
back stairs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>backstairs</i> influence.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Female caprice and <i>backstair</i> influence.<BR>
<i>Trevelyan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Back"stay`</hw> (-st&amacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Back</i>, a.
or n. + <i>stay</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope or stay
extending from the masthead to the side of a ship, slanting a little aft,
to assist the shrouds in supporting the mast.</def> [Often used in the
plural.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rope or strap used to prevent excessive
forward motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"ster</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Baxter</u>.]
<def>A baker.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Back"stitch`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>   [<i>Back</i>, adv. +
<i>stitch</i>.] <def>A stitch made by setting the needle back of the end of
the last stitch, and bringing it out in front of the end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"stitch`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sew with
backstitches; as, to <i>backstitch</i> a seam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"stress</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
baker.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Back"sword`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>back</i>, n. +
<i>sword</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sword with one sharp
edge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In England, a stick with a basket handle, used
in rustic amusements; also, the game in which the stick is used.  Also
called <i>singlestick</i>.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Back"ward</hw> (&?;), <hw>Back"wards</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Back</i>, adv. +  <i>-ward</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With the back in advance or foremost; as, to ride
<i>backward</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Toward the back; toward the rear; as, to throw
the arms <i>backward</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>On the back, or with the back
downward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou wilt fall <i>backward</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Toward, or in, past time or events;
ago.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some reigns <i>backward</i>.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>By way of reflection; reflexively.</def>  <i>Sir
J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>From a better to a worse state, as from honor to
shame, from religion to sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The work went <i>backward</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>In a contrary or reverse manner, way, or
direction; contrarily; as, to read <i>backwards</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We might have . . . beat them <i>backward</i> home.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Back"ward</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Directed to the back or rear; as, <i>backward</i> glances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unwilling; averse; reluctant; hesitating;
loath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For wiser brutes were <i>backward</i> to be slaves.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not well advanced in learning; not quick of
apprehension; dull; inapt; as, a <i>backward</i> child.</def> "The
<i>backward</i> learner."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Late or behindhand; as, a <i>backward</i>
season.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not advanced in civilization; undeveloped; as,
the country or region is in a <i>backward</i> state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Already past or gone; bygone.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And flies unconscious o'er each <i>backward</i> year.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Back"ward</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state behind or
past.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the dark <i>backward</i> and abysm of time.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Back"ward</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To keep back; to
hinder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Back`war*da"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Backward</i>, v. t. + <i>-ation</i>.] <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>The
seller's postponement of delivery of stock or shares, with the consent of
the buyer, upon payment of a premium to the latter; -- also, the premium so
paid. See <u>Contango</u>.</def>  <i>Biddle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Back"ward*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Reluctantly; slowly; aversely.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Perversely; ill.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And does he think so <i>backwardly</i> of me?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Back"ward*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
backward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"wash`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clean the oil
from (wool) after combing.</def>  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Back"wa`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Back</i>, a. or
adv. + <i>-water</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Water turned back in its
course by an obstruction, an opposing current, or the flow of the tide, as
in a sewer or river channel, or across a river bar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An accumulation of water overflowing the low
lands, caused by an obstruction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Water thrown back by the turning of a
waterwheel, or by the paddle wheels of a steamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"woods"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [<i>Back</i>, a. +
<i>woods</i>.] <def>The forests or partly cleared grounds on the
frontiers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"woods"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Backwoodsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man living in the forest in or
beyond the new settlements, especially on the western frontiers of the
older portions of the United States.</def>  <i>Fisher Ames.</i></p>

<p><hw>Back"worm`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>back</i>, n. +
<i>worm</i>.] <def>A disease of hawks. See <u>Filanders</u>.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba"con</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bacon</i>, fr. OHG.
<i>bacho</i>, <i>bahho</i>, flitch of bacon, ham; akin to E. <i>back</i>.
Cf. <i>Back</i> the back side.] <def>The back and sides of a pig salted and
smoked; formerly, the flesh of a pig salted or fresh.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bacon beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a beetle
(<i>Dermestes lardarius</i>) which, especially in the larval state, feeds
upon bacon, woolens, furs, etc. See <u>Dermestes</u>.</cd> --  <col><b>To
save one's bacon</b></col>, <cd>to save one's self or property from harm or
loss.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*co"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Lord Bacon, or to his system of philosophy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Baconian method</b></col>, <cd>the inductive method. See
<u>Induction</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bacterium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to bacteria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*ci`dal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destructive
of bacteria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*cide</hw> (b&abreve;k*t&emacr;"r&ibreve;*s&imacr;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>   [<i>Bacterium</i> + L. <i>caedere</i> to kill]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Germicide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*o*log`ic*al</hw>
(b&abreve;k*t&emacr;`r&ibreve;*&osl;*l&obreve;j"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Of or pertaining to bacteriology; as,
<i>bacteriological</i> studies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*ol`o*gist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in
bacteriology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*ol`o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bacterium</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The science relating to
bacteria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*te`ri*o*scop"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Relating to bacterioscopy; as, a <i>bacterioscopic</i>
examination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*te`ri*os"co*pist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>One skilled in bacterioscopic examinations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*te`ri*os"co*py</hw> (-&obreve;s"k&osl;*p&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bacterium</i> + <i>-scopy</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The application of a knowledge of bacteria for their detection and
identification, as in the examination of polluted water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac*te"ri*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bacteria</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>bakth`rion</grk>,
<grk>bak`tron</grk>, a staff: cf. F. <i>bact&eacute;rie</i>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A microscopic vegetable organism, belonging to the
class Alg&aelig;, usually in the form of a jointed rodlike filament, and
found in putrefying organic infusions.  Bacteria are destitute of
chlorophyll, and are the smallest of microscopic organisms. They are very
widely diffused in nature, and multiply with marvelous rapidity, both by
fission and by spores. Certain species are active agents in fermentation,
while others appear to be the cause of certain infectious diseases. See
<u>Bacillus</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bac"te*roid</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bac`te*roid"al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Bacterium</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Resembling bacteria; as, <i>bacteroid</i> particles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac"tri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Bactria in Asia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A native of
Bactria.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bactrian camel</b></col>, <cd>the two-humped camel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bac"ule</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Fort.)</i>
<def>See <u>Bascule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac"u*line</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.  <i>baculum</i>
staff.] <def>Of or pertaining to the rod or punishment with the
rod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac"u*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>baculum</i>
stick, staff; cf. F. <i>baculite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A cephalopod
of the extinct genus <i>Baculites</i>, found fossil in the Cretaceous
rocks. It is like an uncoiled ammonite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac`u*lom"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [L. <i>baculum</i>
staff + <i>-metry</i>.] <def>Measurement of distance or altitude by a staff
or staffs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bad</hw> (b&abreve;d), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Bid</u>.
<def>Bade.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bad</hw> (b&abreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Worse</u> (w&ucirc;s);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Worst</u> (w&ucirc;st).] [Probably fr. AS.
<i>b&aelig;ddel</i> hermaphrodite; cf. <i>b&aelig;dling</i> effeminate
fellow.] <def>Wanting good qualities, whether physical or moral; injurious,
hurtful, inconvenient, offensive, painful, unfavorable, or defective,
either physically or morally; evil; vicious; wicked; -- the opposite of
<i>good</i>; as, a <i>bad</i> man; <i>bad</i> conduct; <i>bad</i> habits;
<i>bad</i> soil; <i>bad</i> air; <i>bad</i> health; a <i>bad</i> crop;
<i>bad</i> news.</def></p>

<p>Sometimes used substantively.</p>

<p><blockquote>The strong antipathy of good to <i>bad</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pernicious; deleterious; noxious; baneful; injurious;
hurtful; evil; vile; wretched; corrupt; wicked; vicious; imperfect.</p>

<p><hw>Bad"der</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>compar.</i></pos> of <u>Bad</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bad"der*locks</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. for
<i>Balderlocks</i>, fr. <i>Balder</i> the Scandinavian deity.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large black seaweed (<i>Alaria esculenta</i>)
sometimes eaten in Europe; -- also called <i>murlins</i>, <i>honeyware</i>,
and <i>henware</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bad"dish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat bad;
inferior.</def>  <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bade</hw> (b&abreve;d). <def>A form of the past tense of
<u>Bid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Badge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.  <i>bagea</i>,
<i>bagia</i>, sign, prob. of German origin; cf. AS. <i>be&aacute;g</i>,
<i>be&aacute;h</i>, bracelet, collar, crown, OS. <i>b&omacr;g-</i> in
comp., AS. <i>b&umacr;gan</i> to bow, bend, G.  <i>biegen</i>. See
<u>Bow</u> to bend.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A distinctive mark, token,
sign, or cognizance, worn on the person; as, the <i>badge</i> of a society;
the <i>badge</i> of a policeman.</def>  "Tax gatherers, recognized by their
official <i>badges</i>."  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something characteristic; a mark; a
token.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet mercy is nobility's true <i>badge</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A carved ornament on the stern of
a vessel, containing a window or the representation of one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Badge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark or
distinguish with a badge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Badge"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no badge.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Badg"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin; perh.
fr. an old verb <i>badge</i> to lay up provisions to sell again.] <def>An
itinerant licensed dealer in commodities used for food; a hawker; a
huckster; -- formerly applied especially to one who bought grain in one
place and sold it in another.</def> [Now dialectic, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Badg"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bageard</i>, prob. fr.
<i>badge</i> + <i>-ard</i>, in reference to the white mark on its forehead.
See <u>Badge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
carnivorous quadruped of the genus <i>Meles</i> or of an allied genus.  It
is a burrowing animal, with short, thick legs, and long claws on the fore
feet.  One species (<i>M. vulgaris</i>), called also <i>brock</i>, inhabits
the north of Europe and Asia; another species (<i>Taxidea Americana or
Labradorica</i>) inhabits the northern parts of North America. See
<u>Teledu</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brush made of badgers' hair, used by
artists.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Badger dog</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Dachshund</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Badg"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Badgered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Badgering</u>.] [For sense 1, see 2d <u>Badger</u>; for 2, see 1st
<u>Badger</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tease or annoy, as a badger when
baited; to worry or irritate persistently.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat down; to cheapen; to barter; to
bargain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Badg"er*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who badgers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of dog used in badger baiting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Badg"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who badgers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The practice of buying wheat and other kinds of
food in one place and selling them in another for a profit.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Badg"er-legged`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having legs of
unequal length, as the badger was thought to have.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bad`i*a"ga</hw> (b&abreve;d`&ibreve;&amacr;"g&adot; <i>or</i>
b&adot;d*y&auml;"g&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>badiaga</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fresh-water sponge <i>(Spongilla)</i>, common in
the north of Europe, the powder of which is used to take away the livid
marks of bruises.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba"di*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>badiane</i>, fr.
Per. <i>b&amacr;di&amacr;n</i> anise.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An evergreen
Chinese shrub of the Magnolia family (<i>Illicium anisatum</i>), and its
aromatic seeds; Chinese anise; star anise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*di"geon</hw> (b&adot;*d&ibreve;j"&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>A cement or paste (as of plaster and freestone, or of sawdust and
glue or lime) used by sculptors, builders, and workers in wood or stone, to
fill holes, cover defects, or finish a surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba`di`nage"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>badiner</i> to joke, OF. to trifle, be silly, fr. <i>badin</i> silly.]
<def>Playful raillery; banter.</def> "He . . . indulged himself only in an
elegant <i>badinage</i>."  <i>Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bad" lands"</hw> (&?;). <def>Barren regions, especially in the
western United States, where horizontal strata (Tertiary deposits) have
been often eroded into fantastic forms, and much intersected by
ca&ntilde;ons, and where lack of wood, water, and forage increases the
difficulty of traversing the country, whence the name, first given by the
Canadian French, <i>Mauvaises Terres</i> (bad lands).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bad"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a bad manner; poorly;
not well; unskillfully; imperfectly; unfortunately; grievously; so as to
cause harm; disagreeably; seriously.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Badly</i> is often used colloquially for <i>very much</i> or
<i>very greatly</i>, with words signifying <i>to want</i> or
<i>need</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Bad"min*ton</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the name of the
seat of the Duke of Beaufort in England.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A game,
similar to lawn tennis, played with shuttlecocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A preparation of claret, spiced and
sweetened.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bad"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
bad.</def></p>

<p><hw>||B&aelig;"no*mere</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>bai`nein</grk> to walk + <i>-mere</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of the somites (arthromeres) that make up the thorax of Arthropods.</def>
<i>Packard.</i></p>

<p><hw>B&aelig;"no*pod</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>bai`nein</grk> to walk + <i>-pod</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the thoracic legs of Arthropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>||B&aelig;"no*some</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>bai`nein</grk> to walk + <i>-some</i> body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The thorax of Arthropods.</def>  <i>Packard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Baff</hw> (b&abreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blow; a
stroke.</def> [Scot.]  <i>H. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Baf"fle</hw> (b&abreve;f"f'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Baffled</u> (-f'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Baffling</u> (-fl&ibreve;ng).] [Cf. Lowland Scotch <i>bauchle</i> to
treat contemptuously, <i>bauch</i> tasteless, abashed, jaded, Icel.
<i>b&amacr;gr</i> uneasy, poor, or <i>b&amacr;gr</i>, n., struggle,
<i>b&aelig;gja</i> to push, treat harshly, OF. <i>beffler</i>,
<i>beffer</i>, to mock, deceive, dial. G. <i>b&auml;ppe</i> mouth,
<i>beffen</i> to bark, chide.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to undergo a disgraceful punishment, as
a recreant knight.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He by the heels him hung upon a tree,<BR>
And <i>baffled</i> so, that all which passed by<BR>
The picture of his punishment might see.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To check by shifts and turns; to elude; to
foil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The art that <i>baffles</i> time's tyrannic claim.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To check by perplexing; to disconcert,
frustrate, or defeat; to thwart.</def> "A <i>baffled</i> purpose."  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A suitable scripture ready to repel and <i>baffle</i> them
all.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Calculations so difficult as to have <i>baffled</i>, until
within a . . . recent period, the most enlightened nations.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The mere intricacy of a question should not <i>baffle</i>
us.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Baffling wind</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>one that frequently
shifts from one point to another.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To balk; thwart; foil; frustrate; defeat.</p>

<p><hw>Baf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
practice deceit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To struggle against in vain; as, a ship
<i>baffles</i> with the winds.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Baf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A defeat by artifice,
shifts, and turns; discomfiture.</def> [R.] "A <i>baffle</i> to
philosophy."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Baf"fle*ment</hw> (b&abreve;f"f'l*m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The process or act of baffling, or of being baffled; frustration;
check.</def></p>

<p><hw>Baf"fler</hw> (b&abreve;f"fl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, baffles.</def></p>

<p><! p. 112  pr=SA !></p>

<p><hw>Baf"fling</hw> (b&abreve;f"fl&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Frustrating; discomfiting; disconcerting; as, <i>baffling</i>
currents, winds, tasks.</def> -- <wf>Baff"ling*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Baff"ling*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Baft</hw> (b&abreve;ft). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bafta</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Baf"ta</hw> (b&abreve;f"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Per.
<i>baft</i> woven, wrought.] <def>A coarse stuff, usually of cotton,
originally made in India.  Also, an imitation of this fabric made for
export.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bag</hw> (b&abreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bagge</i>; cf.
Icel. <i>baggi</i>, and also OF. <i>bague</i>, bundle, LL. <i>baga</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sack or pouch, used for holding anything; as, a
<i>bag</i> of meal or of money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sac, or dependent gland, in animal bodies,
containing some fluid or other substance; as, the <i>bag</i> of poison in
the mouth of some serpents; the <i>bag</i> of a cow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sort of silken purse formerly tied about men's
hair behind, by way of ornament.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The quantity of game bagged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A certain quantity of a commodity,
such as it is customary to carry to market in a sack; as, a <i>bag</i> of
pepper or hops; a <i>bag</i> of coffee.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bag and baggage</b></col>, <cd>all that belongs to one.</cd> --
<col><b>To give one the bag</b></col>, <cd>to disappoint him.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bagged</u> (b&abreve;gd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bagging</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put into a bag; as, to
<i>bag</i> hops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seize, capture, or entrap; as, to <i>bag</i>
an army; to <i>bag</i> game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish or load with a bag or with a well
filled bag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bee <i>bagged</i> with his honeyed venom.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bag</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swell
or hang down like a full bag; as, the skin <i>bags</i> from containing
morbid matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To swell with arrogance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To become pregnant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Warner.
(Alb. Eng.).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*gasse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Sugar cane,
as it comes crushed from the mill. It is then dried and used as fuel. Also
extended to the refuse of beetroot sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bag`a*telle"</hw> (b&abreve;g`&adot;*t&ebreve;l"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It. <i>bagatella</i>; cf. Prov. It.
<i>bagata</i> trifle, OF. <i>bague</i>, Pr. <i>bagua</i>, bundle. See
<u>Bag</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A trifle; a thing
of no importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rich trifles, serious <i>bagatelles</i>.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A game played on an oblong board, having, at one
end, cups or arches into or through which balls are to be driven by a rod
held in the hand of the player.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bag"gage</hw> (b&abreve;g"g&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>bagage</i>, from OF. <i>bague</i> bundle.  In senses 6 and 7 cf. F.
<i>bagasse</i> a prostitute. See <u>Bag</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The clothes, tents, utensils, and provisions of an
army.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "The term itself is made to apply chiefly to articles of clothing
and to small personal effects."  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The trunks, valises, satchels, etc., which a
traveler carries with him on a journey; luggage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The baronet's <i>baggage</i> on the roof of the coach.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We saw our <i>baggage</i> following below.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The English usually call this <i>luggage</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Purulent matter.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrough.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Trashy talk.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A man of bad character.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A woman of loose morals; a prostitute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A disreputable, daring, laughing, painted French
<i>baggage</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A romping, saucy girl.</def> [Playful]
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bag"gage mas`ter</hw> (&?;). <def>One who has charge of the baggage
at a railway station or upon a line of public travel.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"ga*ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes care
of baggage; a camp follower.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bag"ga*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. "fem. of
<i>baghl</i> a mule." <i>Balfour</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A two-masted
Arab or Indian trading vessel, used in the Indian Ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bag"gi*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a loose, baggy
way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bag"ging</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cloth or
other material for bags.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of putting anything into, or as into, a
bag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of swelling; swelling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bag"ging</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>Reaping peas, beans, wheat, etc., with a chopping stroke.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bag"gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a bag; loose
or puffed out, or pendent, like a bag; flabby; as, <i>baggy</i> trousers;
<i>baggy</i> cheeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bag"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bagmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A commercial traveler; one employed to
solicit orders for manufacturers and tradesmen.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bag" net`</hw> (n&ebreve;t`).  <def>A bag-shaped net for catching
fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bagn"io</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>bagno</i>, fr. L.
<i>balneum</i>. Cf. <u>Bain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A house for
bathing, sweating, etc.; -- also, in Turkey, a prison for slaves.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brothel; a stew; a house of
prostitution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bag"pipe</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A musical wind
instrument, now used chiefly in the Highlands of Scotland.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It consists of a leather bag, which receives the air by a tube
that is stopped by a valve; and three sounding pipes, into which the air is
pressed by the performer. Two of these pipes produce fixed tones, namely,
the bass, or key tone, and its fifth, and form together what is called the
<i>drone</i>; the third, or <i>chanter</i>, gives the melody.</p>

<p><hw>Bag"pipe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make to look like a
bagpipe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To bagpipe the mizzen</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to lay it
aback by bringing the sheet to the mizzen rigging.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bag"pip`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who plays on a
bagpipe; a piper.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bag"reef`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bag</i> +
<i>reef</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The lower reef of fore and aft sails;
also, the upper reef of topsails.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bague</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a ring] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The annular molding or group of moldings dividing a long shaft or
clustered column into two or more parts.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ba*guet"</hw>, <hw>Ba*guette"</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>baguette</i>, prop. a rod&?; It. <i>bacchetta</i>, fr. L.
<i>baculum</i>, <i>baculu&?;</i> stick, staff.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small molding, like the astragal, but smaller; a
bead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>One of the minute bodies seen
in the divided nucleoli of some Infusoria after conjugation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bag"wig"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wig, in use in the
18th century, with the hair at the back of the head in a bag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bag"worm`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several lepidopterous insects which construct, in the larval
state, a baglike case which they carry about for protection. One species
(<i>Plat&oelig;ceticus Gloveri</i>) feeds on the orange tree. See <u>Basket
worm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bah</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An exclamation
expressive of extreme contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Twenty-five years ago the vile ejaculation, <i>Bah</i>! was
utterly unknown to the English public.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*har"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>bah&amacr;r</i>,
from <i>bahara</i> to charge with a load.] <def>A weight used in certain
parts of the East Indies, varying considerably in different localities, the
range being from 223 to 625 pounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Baigne</hw> (b&amacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>baigner</i>
to bathe, fr. L. <i>balneum</i> bath.] <def>To soak or drench.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bail</hw> (b&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>baille</i> a
bucket, pail; cf. LL. <i>bacula</i>, dim. of <i>bacca</i> a sort of vessel.
Cf. <u>Bac</u>.] <def>A bucket or scoop used in bailing water out of a
boat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bail</i> of a canoe . . . made of a human skull.<BR>
<i>Capt. Cook.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bailed</u> (b&amacr;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bailing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lade; to dip and throw; --
usually with <i>out</i>; as, to <i>bail</i> water out of a boat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Buckets . . . to <i>bail</i> out the water.<BR>
<i>Capt. J. Smith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dip or lade water from; -- often with
<i>out</i> to express completeness; as, to <i>bail</i> a boat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the help of a small bucket and our hats we <i>bailed</i>
her out.<BR>
<i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bailler</i> to give, to
deliver, fr. L. <i>bajulare</i> to bear a burden, keep in custody, fr.
<i>bajulus</i> he who bears burdens.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deliver;
to release.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ne none there was to rescue her, ne none to <i>bail</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To set free, or
deliver from arrest, or out of custody, on the undertaking of some other
person or persons that he or they will be responsible for the appearance,
at a certain day and place, of the person bailed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word is applied to the magistrate or the surety. The
magistrate <i>bails</i> (but <i>admits to bail</i> is commoner) a man when
he liberates him from arrest or imprisonment upon bond given with sureties.
The surety <i>bails</i> a person when he procures his release from arrest
by giving bond for his appearance.  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To deliver, as goods in trust, for some special
object or purpose, upon a contract, expressed or implied, that the trust
shall be faithfully executed on the part of the bailee, or person
intrusted; as, to <i>bail</i> cloth to a tailor to be made into a garment;
to <i>bail</i> goods to a carrier.</def>  <i>Blackstone. Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bail</i> guardian,
administrator, fr. L. <i>bajulus</i>. See <u>Bail</u> to deliver.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Custody; keeping.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Silly Faunus now within their <i>bail</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The person or
persons who procure the release of a prisoner from the custody of the
officer, or from imprisonment, by becoming surety for his appearance in
court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bail</i> must be real, substantial bondsmen.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A. and B. were <i>bail</i> to the arrest in a suit at
law.<BR>
<i>Kent.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The security given for the appearance of a
prisoner in order to obtain his release from custody of the officer; as,
the man is out on <i>bail</i>; to go <i>bail</i> for any one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Excessive <i>bail</i> ought not to be required.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>beyl</i>; cf. Dan.
<i>b&ouml;ile</i> a bending, ring, hoop, Sw. <i>b&ouml;gel</i>,
<i>bygel</i>, and Icel. <i>beyla</i> hump, swelling, akin to E. <i>bow</i>
to bend.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The arched handle of a kettle, pail, or
similar vessel, usually movable.</def>  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A half hoop for supporting the cover of a
carrier's wagon, awning of a boat, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bail</i>, <i>baille</i>. See
<u>Bailey</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> (Usually <i>pl.</i>) <def>A line of
palisades serving as an exterior defense.</def>  [Written also
<i>bayle</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The outer wall of a feudal castle. Hence: The
space inclosed by it; the outer court.</def>  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A certain limit within a forest.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A division for the stalls of an open
stable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>The top or cross piece (or
either of the two cross pieces) of the wicket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bail"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the right or privilege of being admitted to bail, upon bond
with sureties; -- used of persons.</def> "He's <i>bailable</i>, I'm sure."
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Admitting of bail; as, a <i>bailable</i>
offense.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That can be delivered in trust; as,
<i>bailable</i> goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bail" bond`</hw> (b&obreve;nd`). <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A bond or obligation given by a prisoner and his surety, to insure the
prisoner's appearance in court, at the return of the writ.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Special bail in court to abide the judgment.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bail`ee"</hw> (b&amacr;l`&emacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>baill&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>bailler</i>. See <u>Bail</u> to deliver.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The person to whom goods are committed in trust, and who
has a temporary possession and a qualified property in them, for the
purposes of the trust.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In penal statutes the word includes those who receive goods for
another in good faith.  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bail"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>See
<u>Bailor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bail"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
bails or lades.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A utensil, as a bucket or cup, used in bailing;
a machine for bailing water out of a pit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bai"ley</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same word as
<i>bail</i> line of palisades; cf. LL. <i>ballium</i> bailey, OF.
<i>bail</i>, <i>baille</i>, a palisade, <i>baillier</i> to inclose, shut.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The outer wall of a feudal castle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The space immediately within the outer wall of a
castle or fortress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A prison or court of justice; -- used in certain
proper names; as, the <i>Old Bailey</i> in London; the <i>New Bailey</i> in
Manchester.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bail"ie</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bailiff</u>.]
<def>An officer in Scotland, whose office formerly corresponded to that of
sheriff, but now corresponds to that of an English alderman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bail"iff</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>baillif</i>, F.
<i>bailli</i>, custodian, magistrate, fr. L. <i>bajulus</i> porter. See
<u>Bail</u> to deliver.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a person put in charge of something;
especially, a chief officer, magistrate, or keeper, as of a county, town,
hundred, or castle; one to whom powers of custody or care are
intrusted.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lausanne is under the canton of Berne, governed by a
<i>bailiff</i> sent every three years from the senate.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A sheriff's deputy, appointed
to make arrests, collect fines, summon juries, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In American law the term <i>bailiff</i> is seldom used except
sometimes to signify a sheriff's officer or constable, or a party liable to
account to another for the rent and profits of real estate.
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An overseer or under steward of an estate, who
directs husbandry operations, collects rents, etc.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bail"iff*wick</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bailiwick</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bail"i*wick</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bailie</i>,
<i>bailiff</i> + <i>wick</i> a village.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The precincts
within which a bailiff has jurisdiction; the limits of a bailiff's
authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bail"lie</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bailiff.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Bailie</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Bail"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The action of bailing a person accused.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bailment</i> . . . is the saving or delivery of a man out
of prison before he hath satisfied the law.<BR>
<i>Dalton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A delivery of goods or money by one
person to another in trust, for some special purpose, upon a contract,
expressed or implied, that the trust shall be faithfully executed.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In a general sense it is sometimes used as comprehending all
duties in respect to property.  <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bail`or"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who
delivers goods or money to another in trust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bail"piece`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
piece of parchment, or paper, containing a recognizance or bail
bond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bain</hw> (b&amacr;n; as F., b&abreve;N), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>bain</i>, fr. L. <i>balneum</i>. Cf. <u>Bagnio</u>.] <def>A bath; a
bagnio.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bain`-ma`rie"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A vessel
for holding hot water in which another vessel may be heated without
scorching its contents; -- used for warming or preparing food or
pharmaceutical preparations.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bai"ram</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>ba&iuml;r&amacr;m</i>.] <def>The name of two Mohammedan festivals, of
which one is held at the close of the fast called Ramadan, and the other
seventy days after the fast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bairn</hw> (b&acirc;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>bairn</i>,
AS. <i>bearn</i>, fr. <i>beran</i> to bear; akin to Icel., OS., &amp; Goth.
<i>barn</i>. See <u>Bear</u> to support.] <def>A child.</def> [Scot. &
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Has he not well provided for the <i>bairn</i>?<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Baise"mains`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>baiser</i> to kiss + <i>mains</i> hands.] <def>Respects;
compliments.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bait</hw> (b&amacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>beita</i>
food, <i>beit</i> pasture, akin to AS. <i>b&amacr;t</i> food, Sw.
<i>bete</i>. See <u>Bait</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any substance, esp. food, used in catching fish, or other animals, by
alluring them to a hook, snare, inclosure, or net.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which allures; a lure; enticement;
temptation.</def>  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A portion of food or drink, as a refreshment
taken on a journey; also, a stop for rest and refreshment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A light or hasty luncheon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bait bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a crustacean of the
genus <i>Hippa</i> found burrowing in sandy beaches. See
<u>Anomura</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bait</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Baited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Baiting</u>.] [OE.
<i>baiten</i>, <i>beit&emacr;n</i>, to feed, harass, fr. Icel.
<i>beita</i>, orig., to cause to bite, fr. <i>b&imacr;ta</i>.  &radic;87.
See <u>Bite</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To provoke and harass; esp., to harass or
torment for sport; as, to <i>bait</i> a bear with dogs; to <i>bait</i> a
bull.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a portion of food and drink to, upon the
road; as, to <i>bait</i> horses.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish or cover with bait, as a trap or
hook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A crooked pin . . . <i>baited</i> with a vile earthworm.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bait</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stop to take a portion of
food and drink for refreshment of one's self or one's beasts, on a
journey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evil news rides post, while good news <i>baits</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord's coach conveyed me to Bury, and thence
<i>baiting</i> at Newmarket.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bait</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>battre de l'aile</i> (or
<i>des ailes</i>), to flap or flutter. See <u>Batter</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>To flap the wings; to flutter as if to fly; or to hover,
as a hawk when she stoops to her prey.</def> "Kites that <i>bait</i> and
beat."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bait"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who baits; a
tormentor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Baize</hw> (b&amacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>bayes</i>, pl.
fr. OF. <i>baie</i>; cf. F. <i>bai</i> bay-colored. See <u>Bay</u> a
color.] <def>A coarse woolen stuff with a long nap; -- usually dyed in
plain colors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A new black <i>baize</i> waistcoat lined with silk.<BR>
<i>Pepys.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*joc"co</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. <i>bajo</i>
brown, bay, from its color.] <def>A small copper coin formerly current in
the Roman States, worth about a cent and a half.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bake</hw> (b&amacr;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Baked</u> (b&amacr;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Baking</u>.] [AS. <i>bacan</i>; akin to D. <i>bakken</i>, OHG.
<i>bacchan</i>, G. <i>backen</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>baka</i>, Dan.
<i>bage</i>, Gr. <grk>fw`gein</grk> to roast.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
prepare, as food, by cooking in a dry heat, either in an oven or under
coals, or on heated stone or metal; as, to <i>bake</i> bread, meat,
apples.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Baking</i> is the term usually applied to that method of
cooking which exhausts the moisture in food more than roasting or broiling;
but the distinction of meaning between roasting and baking is not always
observed.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dry or harden (anything) by subjecting to
heat, as, to <i>bake</i> bricks; the sun <i>bakes</i> the ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To harden by cold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth . . . is <i>baked</i> with frost.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>bake</i> their sides upon the cold, hard stone.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To do the
work of baking something; as, she brews, washes, and <i>bakes</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be baked; to become dry and hard in heat; as,
the bread <i>bakes</i>; the ground <i>bakes</i> in the hot sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process, or result, of
baking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bake"house`</hw> (-hous`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>b&aelig;ch&umacr;s</i>. See <u>Bake</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and
<u>House</u>.] <def>A house for baking; a bakery.</def></p>

<p><! p. 113 pr=SA !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bake"meat`</hw> (b&amacr;k"m&emacr;t`), <hw>Baked"-meat`</hw>
(b&amacr;kt"-), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pie; baked food.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gen. xl. 17.</i> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bak"en</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Bake</u>.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Bak"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>b&aelig;cere</i>.
See <u>Bake</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One whose
business it is to bake bread, biscuit, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A portable oven in which baking is done.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>A baker's dozen</b></col>, <cd>thirteen.</cd> -- <col><b>Baker
foot</b></col>, <cd>a distorted foot.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Jer. Taylor.</i> --
<col><b>Baker's itch</b></col>, <cd>a rash on the back of the hand, caused
by the irritating properties of yeast.</cd> -- <col><b>Baker's
salt</b></col>, <cd>the subcarbonate of ammonia, sometimes used instead of
soda, in making bread.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bak"er-legged`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having legs
that bend inward at the knees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bak"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The trade of a baker.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place for baking bread; a bakehouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or process of cooking in an oven, or of drying and hardening by heat or
cold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quantity baked at once; a batch; as, a
<i>baking</i> of bread.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Baking powder</b></col>, <cd>a substitute for yeast, usually
consisting of an acid, a carbonate, and a little farinaceous
matter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bak"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a hot or baking
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bak"is*tre</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Baxter</u>.]
<def>A baker.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Bak"sheesh`</hw>, <hw>Bak"shish`</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Backsheesh</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"laam</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A paragraph describing
something wonderful, used to fill out a newspaper column; -- an allusion to
the miracle of Balaam's ass speaking.</def> <i>Numb. xxii. 30.</i>
[Cant]</p>

<p><col><b>Balaam basket or box</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>the
receptacle for rejected articles.</cd>  <i>Blackw. Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bal"a*chong</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>b&amacr;lach&amacr;n</i>.] <def>A condiment formed of small fishes or
shrimps, pounded up with salt and spices, and then dried. It is much
esteemed in China.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bal`&aelig;*noi"de*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
L. <i>balaena</i> whale + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>A division
of the Cetacea, including the right whale and all other whales having the
mouth fringed with baleen. See <u>Baleen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance</hw> (b&abreve;l"<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>balaunce</i>, F. <i>balance</i>, fr. L. <i>bilanx</i>, <i>bilancis</i>,
having two scales; <i>bis</i> twice (akin to E. <i>two</i>) + <i>lanx</i>
plate, scale.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An apparatus for weighing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In its simplest form, a balance consists of a beam or lever
supported exactly in the middle, having two scales or basins of equal
weight suspended from its extremities. Another form is that of the <i>Roman
balance</i>, our steelyard, consisting of a lever or beam, suspended near
one of its extremities, on the longer arm of which a counterpoise slides.
The name is also given to other forms of apparatus for weighing bodies, as
to the combinations of levers making up platform scales; and even to
devices for weighing by the elasticity of a spring.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Act of weighing mentally; comparison;
estimate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fair <i>balance</i> of the advantages on either side.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Equipoise between the weights in opposite
scales.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being in equipoise; equilibrium;
even adjustment; steadiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And hung a bottle on each side<BR>
To make his <i>balance</i> true.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The order and <i>balance</i> of the country were
destroyed.<BR>
<i>Buckle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>English workmen completely lose their <i>balance</i>.<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An equality between the sums total of the two
sides of an account; as, to bring one's accounts to a <i>balance</i>; --
also, the excess on either side; as, the <i>balance</i> of an
account.</def> "A <i>balance</i> at the banker's."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I still think the <i>balance</i> of probabilities leans
towards the account given in the text.<BR>
<i>J. Peile.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Horol.)</i> <def>A balance wheel, as of a watch,
or clock. See <u>Balance wheel</u> (in the Vocabulary).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
constellation <i>Libra</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The seventh sign
in the Zodiac, called <i>Libra</i>, which the sun enters at the equinox in
September.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A movement in dancing. See <u>Balance</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Balance electrometer</b></col>, <cd>a kind of balance, with a
poised beam, which indicates, by weights suspended from one arm, the mutual
attraction of oppositely electrified surfaces.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Balance fish</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <cd>See
<u>Hammerhead</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Balance knife</b></col>, <cd>a carving
or table knife the handle of which overbalances the blade, and so keeps it
from contact with the table.</cd> -- <col><b>Balance of power</b></col>
<i>(Politics)</i>, <cd>such an adjustment of power among sovereign states
that no one state is in a position to interfere with the independence of
the others; international equilibrium; also, the ability (of a state or a
third party within a state) to control the relations between sovereign
states or between dominant parties in a state.</cd> -- <col><b>Balance
sheet</b></col> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i>, <cd>a paper showing the balances of
the open accounts of a business, the debit and credit balances footing up
equally, if the system of accounts be complete and the balances correctly
taken.</cd> -- <col><b>Balance thermometer</b></col>, <cd>a thermometer
mounted as a balance so that the movement of the mercurial column changes
the inclination of the tube. With the aid of electrical or mechanical
devices adapted to it, it is used for the automatic regulation of the
temperature of rooms warmed artificially, and as a fire alarm.</cd> --
<col><b>Balance of torsion</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Torsion Balance</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Balance of trade</b></col> <i>(Pol. Econ.)</i>, <cd>an
equilibrium between the money values of the exports and imports of a
country; or more commonly, the amount required on one side or the other to
make such an equilibrium.</cd> -- <col><b>Balance valve</b></col>, <cd>a
valve whose surfaces are so arranged that the fluid pressure tending to
seat, and that tending to unseat, the valve, are nearly in equilibrium;
esp., a puppet valve which is made to operate easily by the admission of
steam to both sides. See <u>Puppet valve</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydrostatic
balance</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Hydrostatic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay
in balance</b></col>, <cd>to put up as a pledge or security.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To strike a balance</b></col>, <cd>to find out
the difference between the debit and credit sides of an account.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Balanced</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Balancing</u> (&?;).] [From <u>Balance</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf. F.
<i>balancer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring to an equipoise, as the
scales of a balance by adjusting the weights; to weigh in a
balance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To support on a narrow base, so as to keep from
falling; as, to <i>balance</i> a plate on the end of a cane; to
<i>balance</i> one's self on a tight rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To equal in number, weight, force, or
proportion; to counterpoise, counterbalance, counteract, or
neutralize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One expression . . . must check and <i>balance</i>
another.<BR>
<i>Kent.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To compare in relative force, importance, value,
etc.; to estimate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Balance</i> the good and evil of things.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To settle and adjust, as an account; to make two
accounts equal by paying the difference between them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am very well satisfied that it is not in my power to
<i>balance</i> accounts with my Maker.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To make the sums of the debits and credits of an
account equal; -- said of an item; as, this payment, or credit,
<i>balances</i> the account.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To arrange accounts in such a way that the sum
total of the debits is equal to the sum total of the credits; as, to
<i>balance</i> a set of books.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Dancing)</i> <def>To move toward, and then back
from, reciprocally; as, to <i>balance</i> partners.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To contract, as a sail, into a
narrower compass; as, to <i>balance</i> the boom mainsail.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Balanced valve</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Balance valve</u>, under
<u>Balance</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To poise; weigh; adjust; counteract; neutralize;
equalize.</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
have equal weight on each side; to be in equipoise; as, the scales
<i>balance</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fluctuate between motives which appear of
equal force; to waver; to hesitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would not <i>balance</i> or err in the determination of
his choice.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Dancing)</i> <def>To move toward a person or
couple, and then back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance*a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as can be
balanced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
result of balancing or adjusting; equipoise; even adjustment of
forces.</def> [R.]  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal"an*cer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who balances, or uses a balance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>In Diptera, the rudimentary
posterior wing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance*reef`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The last reef in a fore-and-aft sail, taken to steady the
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"ance wheel`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Horology)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A wheel which regulates the beats or pulses of a
watch or chronometer, answering to the pendulum of a clock; -- often called
simply a <i>balance</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A ratchet-shaped
scape wheel, which in some watches is acted upon by the axis of the balance
wheel proper (in those watches called a <i>balance</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A wheel which imparts regularity
to the movements of any engine or machine; a fly wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal`a*nif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>balanus</i>
acorn + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing or producing acorns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"a*nite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>balanus</i>
acorn: cf. F. <i>balanite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil balanoid
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bal`a*no*glos"sus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>ba`lanos</grk> acorn + <grk>glw^ssa</grk> tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>
<def>A peculiar marine worm. See <u>Enteropneusta</u>, and
<u>Tornaria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"a*noid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>balanos</grk>
acorn + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling an acorn; --
applied to a group of barnacles having shells shaped like acorns. See
<u>Acornshell</u>, and <u>Barnacle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"as ru`by</hw> (&?;). [OE. <i>bales</i>, <i>balais</i>, F.
<i>balais</i>, LL. <i>balascus</i>, fr. Ar. <i>balakhsh</i>, so called from
<i>Badakhshan</i>, <i>Balashan</i>, or <i>Balaxiam</i>, a place in the
neighborhood of Samarcand, where this ruby is found.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
variety of spinel ruby, of a pale rose red, or inclining to orange. See
<u>Spinel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*laus"tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>balaustium</i>,
Gr. <grk>balay`stion</grk>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The pomegranate tree
(<i>Punica granatum</i>). The bark of the root, the rind of the fruit, and
the flowers are used medicinally.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bal*bu"ti*ate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bal*bu"ci*nate</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>balbutire</i>, fr. <i>balbus</i> stammering:
cf. F. <i>balbutier</i>.] <def>To stammer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bal*bu"ti*es</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The defect of stammering; also, a kind of incomplete
pronunciation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"con</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A balcony.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal"co*nied</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
balconies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"co*ny</hw> (b&abreve;l"k&osl;*n&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Balconies</b></plw> (-n&ibreve;z).
[It. <i>balcone</i>; cf. It. <i>balco</i>, <i>palco</i>, scaffold, fr. OHG.
<i>balcho</i>, <i>palcho</i>, beam, G. <i>balken</i>. See <u>Balk</u>
beam.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A platform projecting from
the wall of a building, usually resting on brackets or consoles, and
inclosed by a parapet; as, a <i>balcony</i> in front of a window. Also, a
projecting gallery in places of amusement; as, the <i>balcony</i> in a
theater.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A projecting gallery once common at the stern of
large ships.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "The accent has shifted from the second to the first syllable
within these twenty years."  <i>Smart (1836).</i></p>

<p><hw>Bald</hw> (b&add;ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>balled</i>,
<i>ballid</i>, perh. the p. p. of <i>ball</i> to reduce to the roundness or
smoothness of a ball, by removing hair. &radic;85.  But cf. W. <i>bali</i>
whiteness in a horse's forehead.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of the
natural or common covering on the head or top, as of hair, feathers,
foliage, trees, etc.; as, a <i>bald</i> head; a <i>bald</i> oak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the <i>bald</i> top of an eminence.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of ornament; unadorned; bare;
literal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the preface to his own <i>bald</i> translation.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Undisguised.</def> " <i>Bald</i> egotism."
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of dignity or value; paltry;
mean.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Destitute of a beard or awn; as,
<i>bald</i> wheat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Destitute of the natural covering.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Marked with a white spot on the head; bald-faced.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bald buzzard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the fishhawk or
osprey.</cd> -- <col><b>Bald coot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a name
of the European coot (<i>Fulica atra</i>), alluding to the bare patch on
the front of the head.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bal"da*chin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>baldachinus</i>, <i>baldechinus</i>, a canopy of rich silk carried over
the host; fr. <i>Bagdad</i>, It. <i>Baldacco</i>, a city in Turkish Asia
from whence these rich silks came: cf. It. <i>baldacchino</i>. Cf.
<u>Baudekin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rich brocade; baudekin.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A structure in form of a canopy,
sometimes supported by columns, and sometimes suspended from the roof or
projecting from the wall; generally placed over an altar; as, the
<i>baldachin</i> in St. Peter's.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A portable canopy borne over shrines, etc., in
procession.</def></p>

<p>[Written also <i>baldachino</i>, <i>baldaquin</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Bald" ea"gle</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The white-headed
eagle (<i>Hali&aelig;etus leucocephalus</i>) of America. The young, until
several years old, lack the white feathers on the head.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>bald eagle</i> is represented in the coat of arms, and on
the coins, of the United States.</p>

<p><hw>Bal"der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>Baldr</i>, akin
to E. <i>bold</i>.] <i>(Scan. Myth.)</i> <def>The most beautiful and
beloved of the gods; the god of peace; the son of Odin and Freya.</def>
[Written also <i>Baldur</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"der*dash</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin:
cf. Dan. <i>balder</i> noise, clatter, and E. <i>dash</i>; hence, perhaps,
unmeaning noise, then hodgepodge, mixture; or W. <i>baldorduss</i> a
prattling, <i>baldordd</i>, <i>baldorddi</i>, to prattle.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A worthless mixture, especially of
liquors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Indeed beer, by a mixture of wine, hath lost both name and
nature, and is called <i>balderdash</i>.<BR>
<i>Taylor (Drink and Welcome).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Senseless jargon; ribaldry; nonsense;
trash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"der*dash</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mix or
adulterate, as liquors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wine merchants of Nice brew and <i>balderdash</i>, and
even<BR>
mix it with pigeon's dung and quicklime.<BR>
<i>Smollett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bald"-faced`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a white
face or a white mark on the face, as a stag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bald"head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person whose head is bald.</def>  <i>2 Kings ii. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A white-headed variety of
pigeon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bald"head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a bald
head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bald"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Nakedly; without reserve;
inelegantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bald"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or condition of
being bald; as, <i>baldness</i> of the head; <i>baldness</i> of
style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This gives to their syntax a peculiar character of
simplicity and <i>baldness</i>.<BR>
<i>W. D. Whitney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bald"pate`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A baldheaded person.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American widgeon
(<i>Anas Americana</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bald"pate`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bald"pat`ed</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of hair on the head; baldheaded.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bald"rib`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piece of pork cut
lower down than the sparerib, and destitute of fat.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal"dric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>baudric</i>,
<i>bawdrik</i>, through OF. (cf. F. <i>baudrier</i> and LL.
<i>baldringus</i>, <i>baldrellus</i>), from OHG. <i>balderich</i>, cf.
<i>balz</i>, <i>palz</i>, akin to E. <i>belt</i>. See <u>Belt</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A broad belt, sometimes richly ornamented, worn
over one shoulder, across the breast, and under the opposite arm; less
properly, any belt.</def>  [Also spelt <i>bawdrick</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A radiant <i>baldric</i> o'er his shoulder tied<BR>
Sustained the sword that glittered at his side.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bald"win</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind
of reddish, moderately acid, winter apple.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bale</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bale</i>, OF.
<i>bale</i>, F. <i>balle</i>, LL. <i>bala</i>, fr. OHG. <i>balla</i>,
<i>palla</i>, <i>pallo</i>, G. <i>ball</i>, <i>balle</i>, <i>ballen</i>,
ball, round pack; cf. D. <i>baal</i>. Cf. <u>Ball</u> a round body.] <def>A
bundle or package of goods in a cloth cover, and corded for storage or
transportation; also, a bundle of straw, hay, etc., put up compactly for
transportation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bale of dice</b></col>, <cd>a pair of dice.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bale</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Baled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Baling</u>.]
<def>To make up in a bale.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bale</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Bail</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, to lade.</def></p>

<p><! p. 114 pr=SA !></p>

<p><hw>Bale</hw> (b&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bealo</i>,
<i>bealu</i>, <i>balu</i>; akin to OS. <i>balu</i>, OHG. <i>balo</i>, Icel.
<i>b&ouml;l</i>, Goth. <i>balweins</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Misery;
calamity; misfortune; sorrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let now your bliss be turned into <i>bale</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evil; an evil, pernicious influence; something
causing great injury.</def> [Now chiefly poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Bal`e*ar"ic</hw> (b&abreve;l`&esl;*&abreve;r"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Balearicus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>baliarei^s</grk>
the Balearic Islands.] <def>Of or pertaining to the isles of Majorca,
Minorca, Ivica, etc., in the Mediterranean Sea, off the coast of
Valencia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Balearic crane</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Crane</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ba*leen"</hw> (b&adot;*l&emacr;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>baleine</i> whale and whalebone, L. <i>balaena</i> a whale; cf. Gr.
<grk>fa`laina</grk>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l. &amp; Com.)</i> <def>Plates or blades of
"whalebone," from two to twelve feet long, and sometimes a foot wide, which
in certain whales (<i>Bal&aelig;noidea</i>) are attached side by side along
the upper jaw, and form a fringelike sieve by which the food is retained in
the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bale"fire`</hw> (b&amacr;l"f&imacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>b&aemacr;lf&ymacr;r</i> the fire of the funeral pile; <i>b&aemacr;l</i>
fire, flame (akin to Icel. <i>b&amacr;l</i>, OSlav.
<i>b&emacr;l&ubreve;</i>, white, Gr. <grk>falo`s</grk> bright, white, Skr.
<i>bh&amacr;la</i> brightness) + <i>f&ymacr;r</i>, E. <i>fire</i>.] <def>A
signal fire; an alarm fire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet Teviot! on thy silver tide<BR>
The glaring <i>balefires</i> blaze no more.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bale"ful</hw> (b&amacr;l"f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>bealoful</i>. See <u>Bale</u> misery.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of
deadly or pernicious influence; destructive.</def> "<i>Baleful</i>
enemies."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Four infernal rivers that disgorge<BR>
Into the burning lake their <i>baleful</i> streams.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of grief or sorrow; woeful; sad.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Bale"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a baleful manner;
perniciously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bale"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being baleful.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bal"i*sa`ur</hw> (b&abreve;l"&ibreve;*s&auml;`&oomac;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A badgerlike animal
of India (<i>Arctonyx collaris</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"is*ter</hw> (b&abreve;l"&ibreve;s*t&etilde;r <i>or</i>
b&adot;*l&ibreve;s"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>balestre</i>.
See <u>Ballista</u>.] <def>A crossbow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal"is*toid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like a fish of the genus <i>Balistes</i>; of the family
<i>Balistid&aelig;</i>. See <u>Filefish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bal`is*tra"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <i>(Anc.
Fort.)</i> <def>A narrow opening, often cruciform, through which arrows
might be discharged.</def> <i>Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*lize"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>balise</i>; cf.
Sp. <i>balisa</i>.] <def>A pole or a frame raised as a sea beacon or a
landmark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Balk</hw> (b&add;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>balca</i> beam,
ridge; akin to Icel. <i>b&amacr;lkr</i> partition, <i>bj&amacr;lki</i>
beam, OS. <i>balko</i>, G. <i>balken</i>; cf. Gael. <i>balc</i> ridge of
earth between two furrows. Cf. <u>Balcony</u>, <u>Balk</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 3d <u>Bulk</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ridge of land left
unplowed between furrows, or at the end of a field; a piece missed by the
plow slipping aside.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bad plowmen made <i>balks</i> of such ground.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A great beam, rafter, or timber; esp., the tie-
beam of a house. The loft above was called "the balks."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tubs hanging in the <i>balks</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>One of the beams connecting the
successive supports of a trestle bridge or bateau bridge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A hindrance or disappointment; a
check.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>balk</i> to the confidence of the bold undertaker.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A sudden and obstinate stop; a
failure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>A deceptive gesture of the
pitcher, as if to deliver the ball.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Balk line</b></col> <i>(Billiards)</i>, <cd>a line across a
billiard table near one end, marking a limit within which the cue balls are
placed in beginning a game; also, a line around the table, parallel to the
sides, used in playing a particular game, called the <i>balk line</i>
game.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Balk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Balked</u> (b&add;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Balking</u>.] [From <u>Balk</u> a beam; orig. to put a balk or beam in
one's way, in order to stop or hinder. Cf., for sense 2, AS. <i>on balcan
legan</i> to lay in heaps.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To leave or make balks in.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To leave heaped up; to heap up in piles.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ten thousand bold Scots, two and twenty knights,<BR>
<i>Balk'd</i> in their own blood did Sir Walter see.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To omit, miss, or overlook by chance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To miss intentionally; to avoid; to shun; to
refuse; to let go by; to shirk.</def> [Obs. or Obsolescent]</p>

<p><blockquote>By reason of the contagion then in London, we <i>balked</i>
the inns.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Sick he is, and keeps his bed, and <i>balks</i> his
meat.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor doth he any creature <i>balk</i>,<BR>
But lays on all he meeteth.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To disappoint; to frustrate; to foil; to baffle;
to thwart; as, to <i>balk</i> expectation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall not <i>balk</i> my entrance.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Balk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To engage
in contradiction; to be in opposition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In strifeful terms with him to <i>balk</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stop abruptly and stand still obstinately; to
jib; to stop short; to swerve; as, the horse <i>balks</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This has been regarded as an Americanism, but it occurs in
Spenser's  "Fa&euml;rie Queene," Book IV., 10, xxv.</p>

<p><blockquote>Ne ever ought but of their true loves talkt,<BR>
Ne ever for rebuke or blame of any <i>balkt</i>.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Balk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Prob. from D. <i>balken</i> to
bray, bawl.] <def>To indicate to fishermen, by shouts or signals from
shore, the direction taken by the shoals of herring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Balk"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Balk</u>.]
<def>One who, or that which, balks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Balk"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See last <u>Balk</u>.]
<def>A person who stands on a rock or eminence to espy the shoals of
herring, etc., and to give notice to the men in boats which way they pass;
a conder; a huer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Balk"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner to balk or
frustrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Balk"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uneven; ridgy.</def> [R.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Balk"y</hw> (b&add;k"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to
balk; as, a <i>balky</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ball</hw> (b&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bal</i>,
<i>balle</i>; akin to OHG. <i>balla</i>, <i>palla</i>, G. <i>ball</i>,
Icel. <i>b&ouml;llr</i>, ball; cf. F. <i>balle</i>. Cf. 1st <u>Bale</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Pallmall</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any round
or roundish body or mass; a sphere or globe; as, a <i>ball</i> of twine; a
<i>ball</i> of snow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spherical body of any substance or size used
to play with, as by throwing, knocking, kicking, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A general name for games in which a ball is
thrown, kicked, or knocked. See <u>Baseball</u>, and
<u>Football</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any solid spherical, cylindrical, or conical
projectile of lead or iron, to be discharged from a firearm; as, a cannon
<i>ball</i>; a rifle <i>ball</i>; -- often used collectively; as, powder
and <i>ball</i>. Spherical balls for the smaller firearms are commonly
called <i>bullets</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Pyrotechnics &amp; Mil.)</i> <def>A flaming, roundish
body shot into the air; a case filled with combustibles intended to burst
and give light or set fire, or to produce smoke or stench; as, a fire
<i>ball</i>; a stink <i>ball</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A leather-covered cushion,
fastened to a handle called a <i>ballstock</i>; -- formerly used by
printers for inking the form, but now superseded by the roller.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A roundish protuberant portion of some part of
the body; as, the <i>ball</i> of the thumb; the <i>ball</i> of the
foot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A large pill, a form in which
medicine is commonly given to horses; a bolus.</def>  <i>White.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The globe or earth.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Move round the dark terrestrial <i>ball</i>.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Ball and socket joint</b></col>, <cd>a joint in which a ball
moves within a socket, so as to admit of motion in every direction within
certain limits.</cd> -- <col><b>Ball bearings</b></col>, <cd>a mechanical
device for lessening the friction of axle bearings by means of small loose
metal balls.</cd> -- <col><b>Ball cartridge</b></col>, <cd>a cartridge
containing a ball, as distinguished from a blank cartridge, containing only
powder.</cd> -- <col><b>Ball cock</b></col>, <cd>a faucet or valve which is
opened or closed by the fall or rise of a ball floating in water at the end
of a lever.</cd> -- <col><b>Ball gudgeon</b></col>, <cd>a pivot of a
spherical form, which permits lateral deflection of the arbor or shaft,
while retaining the pivot in its socket.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Ball lever</b></col>, <cd>the lever used in a ball cock.</cd> --
<col><b>Ball of the eye</b></col>, <cd>the eye itself, as distinguished
from its lids and socket; -- formerly, the pupil of the eye.</cd> --
<col><b>Ball valve</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a contrivance by which a
ball, placed in a circular cup with a hole in its bottom, operates as a
valve.</cd> -- <col><b>Ball vein</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a sort of
iron ore, found in loose masses of a globular form, containing sparkling
particles.</cd> -- <col><b>Three balls</b></col>, or <col><b>Three golden
balls</b></col>, <cd>a pawnbroker's sign or shop.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Globe</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ball</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Balled</u> (b&add;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Balling</u>.] <def>To gather balls which cling to the feet, as of damp
snow or clay; to gather into balls; as, the horse <i>balls</i>; the snow
<i>balls</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ball</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To heat in a furnace and form into balls for
rolling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form or wind into a ball; as, to <i>ball</i>
cotton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ball</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bal</i>, fr. OF. <i>baler</i>
to dance, fr. LL. <i>ballare</i>. Of uncertain origin; cf. Gr.
<grk>ba`llein</grk> to toss or throw, or <grk>pa`llein</grk>,
<grk>pa`llesqai</grk>, to leap, bound, <grk>balli`zein</grk> to dance, jump
about; or cf. 1st <u>Ball</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A social assembly
for the purpose of dancing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lad</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>balade</i>, OF.
<i>balade</i>, F. <i>ballade</i>, fr. Pr. <i>ballada</i> a dancing song,
fr. <i>ballare</i> to dance; cf. It. <i>ballata</i>. See 2d <u>Ball</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Ballet</u>.] <def>A popular kind of narrative
poem, adapted for recitation or singing; as, the <i>ballad</i> of Chevy
Chase; esp., a sentimental or romantic poem in short stanzas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lad</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make or sing
ballads.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"lad</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make mention of in
ballads.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*lade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ballad</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A form of French versification, sometimes
imitated in English, in which three or four rhymes recur through three
stanzas of eight or ten lines each, the stanzas concluding with a refrain,
and the whole poem with an envoy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lad*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
ballads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lad mon`ger</hw> (&?;). [See <u>Monger</u>.] <def>A seller or
maker of ballads; a poetaster.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lad*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Ballad</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Ballad poems; the subject or style of
ballads.</def> "Base <i>balladry</i> is so beloved."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bal"la*hoo</hw>, <hw>Bal"la*hou</hw>  }
(b&abreve;l"l&adot;*h&oomac;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fast-sailing
schooner, used in the Bermudas and West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"la*rag</hw> (-r&abreve;g), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Corrupted
fr. <i>bullirag</i>.] <def>To bully; to threaten.</def> [Low]  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal"last</hw> (b&abreve;l"l<i>a</i>st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>ballast</i>; akin to Dan. <i>baglast</i>, <i>ballast</i>, OSw.
<i>barlast</i>, Sw. <i>ballast</i>. The first part is perh. the same word
as E. <i>bare</i>, adj.; the second is <i>last</i> a burden, and hence the
meaning <i>a bare</i>, or <i>mere</i>, <i>load</i>. See <u>Bare</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Last</u> load.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Any heavy substance, as stone, iron, etc., put into the
hold to sink a vessel in the water to such a depth as to prevent
capsizing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any heavy matter put into the car of a balloon
to give it steadiness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gravel, broken stone, etc., laid in the bed of a
railroad to make it firm and solid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The larger solids, as broken stone or gravel,
used in making concrete.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which gives, or helps to maintain,
uprightness, steadiness, and security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [piety] is the right <i>ballast</i> of prosperity.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Ballast engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine used in excavating
and for digging and raising stones and gravel for ballast.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship in ballast</b></col>, <cd>a ship carrying only
ballast.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bal"last</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ballasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ballasting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To steady, as a vessel, by
putting heavy substances in the hold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill in, as the bed of a railroad, with
gravel, stone, etc., in order to make it firm and solid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To keep steady; to steady, morally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is charity must <i>ballast</i> the heart.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bal"last*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
toll paid for the privilege of taking up ballast in a port or
harbor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"last*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is used for
steadying anything; ballast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"la*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Balladry</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bal"let`</hw> (b&abreve;l"l&asl;` <i>or</i> b&abreve;l"l&ebreve;t;
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a dim. of <i>bal</i> dance. See 2d
<u>Ball</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An artistic
dance performed as a theatrical entertainment, or an interlude, by a number
of persons, usually women. Sometimes, a scene accompanied by pantomime and
dancing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The company of persons who perform the
ballet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A light part song, or madrigal,
with a <i>fa la</i> burden or chorus, -- most common with the Elizabethan
madrigal composers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A bearing in coats of arms,
representing one or more balls, which are denominated bezants, plates,
etc., according to color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ball"-flow`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>An ornament resembling a ball placed in a circular flower, the petals
of which form a cup round it, -- usually inserted in a hollow
molding.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bal*lis"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ballist&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>ballista</i>,
<i>balista</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>ballein</grk> to throw.] <def>An ancient
military engine, in the form of a crossbow, used for hurling large
missiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lis*ter</hw> (b&abreve;l"l&ibreve;s*t&etilde;r <i>or</i>
b&abreve;l*l&ibreve;s"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ballista</i>. Cf. <u>Balister</u>.] <def>A crossbow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*lis"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the ballista, or to the art of hurling stones or
missile weapons by means of an engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to projection, or to a
projectile.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ballistic pendulum</b></col>, <cd>an instrument consisting of a
mass of wood or other material suspended as a pendulum, for measuring the
force and velocity of projectiles by means of the arc through which their
impact impels it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bal*lis"tics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>balistique</i>. See <u>Ballista</u>.] <def>The science or art of hurling
missile weapons by the use of an engine.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bal"li*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <def>See
<u>Bailey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ballon</i>, aug.
of <i>balle</i> ball: cf. It. <i>ballone</i>. See 1st <u>Ball</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Pallone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bag made of silk or other light material, and filled with hydrogen gas or
heated air, so as to rise and float in the atmosphere; especially, one with
a car attached for a&euml;rial navigation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A ball or globe on the top of a
pillar, church, etc., as at St. Paul's, in London.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A round vessel, usually with a
short neck, to hold or receive whatever is distilled; a glass vessel of a
spherical form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Pyrotechnics)</i> <def>A bomb or shell.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A game played with a large inflated ball.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Engraving)</i> <def>The outline inclosing words
represented as coming from the mouth of a pictured figure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Air balloon</b></col>, <cd>a balloon for a&euml;rial
navigation.</cd> -- <col><b>Balloon frame</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a
house frame constructed altogether of small timber.</cd> -- <col><b>Balloon
net</b></col>, <cd>a variety of woven lace in which the weft threads are
twisted in a peculiar manner around the warp.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take up in, or as if
in, a balloon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
go up or voyage in a balloon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expand, or puff out, like a
balloon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal*looned"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Swelled out like a
balloon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who goes up in
a balloon; an a&euml;ronaut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon" fish`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish of the
genus <i>Diodon</i> or the genus <i>Tetraodon</i>, having the power of
distending its body by taking air or water into its dilatable esophagus.
See <u>Globefish</u>, and <u>Bur fish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
art or practice of managing balloons or voyaging in them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>The process of
temporarily raising the value of a stock, as by fictitious sales.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"ing spi"der</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spider
which has the habit of rising into the air. Many kinds (esp. species of
<i>Lycosa</i>) do this while young by ejecting threads of silk until the
force of the wind upon them carries the spider aloft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
a&euml;ronaut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal*loon"ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
practice of ascending in a balloon; a&euml;ronautics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lot</hw> (b&abreve;l"l&ubreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ballotte</i>, fr. It. <i>ballotta</i>. See <u>Ball</u> round body.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a ball used for secret voting.
Hence: Any printed or written ticket used in voting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of voting by balls or written or printed
ballots or tickets; the system of voting secretly by balls or by
tickets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The insufficiency of the <i>ballot</i>.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 115 pr=SA !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The whole number of votes cast at an election,
or in a given territory or electoral district.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ballot box</b></col>, <cd>a box for receiving ballots.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lot</hw> (b&abreve;l"l&ubreve;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Balloted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Balloting</u>.] [F. <i>ballotter</i> to toss, to ballot, or
It. <i>ballottare</i>. See <u>Ballot</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
vote or decide by ballot; as, to <i>ballot</i> for a candidate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To vote for or in
opposition to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>None of the competitors arriving to a sufficient number of
balls, they fell to <i>ballot</i> some others.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lo*tade`</hw> (b&abreve;l"l&osl;*t&auml;d` <i>or</i> -
t&amacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ballottade</i>, fr.
<i>ballotter</i> to toss. See <u>Ballot</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<i>(Man.)</i> <def>A leap of a horse, as between two pillars, or upon a
straight line, so that when his four feet are in the air, he shows only the
shoes of his hind feet, without jerking out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal`lo*ta"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Voting by
ballot.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lot*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who votes by
ballot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lo*tin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An officer who
has charge of a ballot box.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harrington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal"low</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cudgel.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ball"proof`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of being
penetrated by balls from firearms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ball"room`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room for balls or
dancing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Balm</hw> (b&auml;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>baume</i>, OF.
<i>bausme</i>, <i>basme</i>, F. <i>baume</i>, L. <i>balsamum</i> balsam,
from Gr. <grk>ba`lsamon</grk>; perhaps of Semitic origin; cf. Heb.
<i>b&amacr;s&amacr;m</i>. Cf. <u>Balsam</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aromatic plant of the genus
<i>Melissa</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The resinous and aromatic exudation of certain
trees or shrubs.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any fragrant ointment.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything that heals or that mitigates
pain.</def> "<i>Balm</i> for each ill."  <i>Mrs. Hemans.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Balm cricket</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European
cicada.</cd> <i>Tennyson.</i> -- <col><b>Balm of Gilead</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small evergreen African and Asiatic tree of the
terebinthine family (<i>Balsamodendron Gileadense</i>). Its leaves yield,
when bruised, a strong aromatic scent; and from this tree is obtained the
<i>balm of Gilead</i> of the shops, or <i>balsam of Mecca</i>. This has a
yellowish or greenish color, a warm, bitterish, aromatic taste, and a
fragrant smell. It is valued as an unguent and cosmetic by the Turks. The
fragrant herb <i>Dracocephalum Canariense</i> is familiarly called <i>balm
of Gilead</i>, and so are the American trees, <i>Populus balsamifera</i>,
variety <i>candicans</i> (balsam poplar), and <i>Abies balsamea</i> (balsam
fir).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Balm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To anoint with balm, or with
anything medicinal. Hence: To soothe; to mitigate.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Balm"i*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Balm</i> + <i>-
fy</i>.] <def>To render balmy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Balm"i*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a balmy manner.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal*mor"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Balmoral</i>
Castle, in Aberdeenshire, Scotland.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long woolen
petticoat, worn immediately under the dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of stout walking shoe, laced in
front.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man who uses his <i>balmorals</i> to tread on your
toes.<BR>
<i>George Eliot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Balm"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the qualities of balm; odoriferous; aromatic; assuaging;
soothing; refreshing; mild.</def> "The <i>balmy</i> breeze."
<i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tired nature's sweet restorer, <i>balmy</i> sleep!<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing balm.</def> "The <i>balmy</i> tree."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fragrant; sweet-scented; odorous; spicy.</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ne*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>balneum</i> bath.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a bath.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal"ne*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>balnearium</i>,
fr. <i>balneum</i> bath.] <def>A bathing room.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal`ne*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>balneare</i>
to bathe, fr. L. <i>balneum</i> bath.] <def>The act of bathing.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"ne*a*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>balneatorius</i>.] <def>Belonging to a bath.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bal`ne*og"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>balneum</i>
bath + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of baths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal`ne*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>balneum</i>
bath + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A treatise on baths; the science of
bathing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal`ne*o*ther"a*py</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>balneum</i> bath + Gr. <grk>qerapey`ein</grk> to heal.] <def>The
treatment of disease by baths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"o*tade`</hw> (b&abreve;l"l&osl;*t&auml;d` <i>or</i> -
t&amacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Ballotade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bal"sa</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. or Pg. <i>balsa</i>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A raft or float, used principally on the Pacific coast
of South America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"sam</hw> (b&add;l"s<i>a</i>m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>balsamum</i> the balsam tree or its resin, Gr. <grk>ba`lsamon</grk>. See
<u>Balm</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A resin
containing more or less of an essential or volatile oil.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The balsams are aromatic resinous substances, flowing
spontaneously or by incision from certain plants. A great variety of
substances pass under this name, but the term is now usually restricted to
resins which, in addition to a volatile oil, contain benzoic and cinnamic
acid. Among the true balsams are the balm of Gilead, and the balsams of
copaiba, Peru, and Tolu. There are also many pharmaceutical preparations
and resinous substances, possessed of a balsamic smell, to which the name
<i>balsam</i> has been given.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A species of
tree (<i>Abies balsamea</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An annual
garden plant (<i>Impatiens balsamina</i>) with beautiful flowers;
balsamine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything that heals, soothes, or
restores.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Was not the people's blessing a <i>balsam</i> to thy
blood?<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Balsam apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an East Indian plant
(<i>Momordica balsamina</i>), of the gourd family, with red or orange-
yellow cucumber-shaped fruit of the size of a walnut, used as a vulnerary,
and in liniments and poultices.</cd> -- <col><b>Balsam fir</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the American coniferous tree, <i>Abies balsamea</i>,
from which the useful Canada balsam is derived.</cd> -- <col><b>Balsam of
copaiba</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Copaiba</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Balsam of
Mecca</b></col>, <cd>balm of Gilead.</cd> -- <col><b>Balsam of
Peru</b></col>, <cd>a reddish brown, syrupy balsam, obtained from a Central
American tree (<i>Myroxylon Pereir&aelig;</i> and used as a stomachic and
expectorant, and in the treatment of ulcers, etc. It was long supposed to
be a product of Peru.</cd> -- <col><b>Balsam of Tolu</b></col>, <cd>a
reddish or yellowish brown semisolid or solid balsam, obtained from a South
American tree (<i>Myroxylon toluiferum</i>). It is highly fragrant, and is
used as a stomachic and expectorant.</cd> -- <col><b>Balsam tree</b></col>,
<cd>any tree from which balsam is obtained, esp. the <i>Abies
balsamea</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canada balsam</b></col>, <col><b>Balsam of
fir</b></col>, <cd>Canada turpentine, a yellowish, viscid liquid, which, by
time and exposure, becomes a transparent solid mass. It is obtained from
the balm of Gilead (or balsam) fir (<i>Abies balsamea</i>) by breaking the
vesicles upon the trunk and branches. See <u>Balm</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bal"sam</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat or anoint
with balsam; to relieve, as with balsam; to render balsamic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal`sam*a"tion</hw> (b&add;l`s<i>a</i>m*&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n
<i>or</i> b&abreve;l`-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of imparting balsamic properties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art or process of embalming.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bal*sam"ic</hw> (b&add;l*s&abreve;m"&ibreve;k <i>or</i>
b&abreve;l-; 277), <hw>Bal*sam"ic*al</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>balsamique</i>.] <def>Having the qualities of balsam;
containing, or resembling, balsam; soft; mitigative; soothing;
restorative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal`sam*if"er*ous</hw>
(b&add;l`s<i>a</i>m*&ibreve;f"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s <i>or</i> b&abreve;l`-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Balsam</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing
balsam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"sam*ine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>balsamine</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>balsami`nh</grk> balsam plant.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The <i>Impatiens balsamina</i>, or garden
balsam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"sam*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the quality
of balsam; containing balsam.</def> "A <i>balsamous</i> substance."
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain. Cf.
<u>Bloodboltered</u>.] <def>To stick together.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. mare <i>Balticum</i>,
fr. L. <i>balteus</i> belt, from certain straits or channels surrounding
its isles, called belts. See <u>Belt</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the sea
which separates Norway and Sweden from Jutland, Denmark, and Germany;
situated on the Baltic Sea.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bal"ti*more bird`</hw> (&?;). <hw>Bal"ti*more o"ri*ole</hw> (&?;).
} <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A common American bird (<i>Icterus galbula</i>),
named after Lord Baltimore, because its colors (black and orange red) are
like those of his coat of arms; -- called also <i>golden
robin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"us*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>balustre</i>, It.
<i>balaustro</i>, fr. L. <i>balaustium</i> the flower of the wild
pomegranate, fr. Gr. <grk>balay`stion</grk>; -- so named from the
similarity of form.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small column or pilaster, used
as a support to the rail of an open parapet, to guard the side of a
staircase, or the front of a gallery.  See <u>Balustrade</u>.</def>
[Corrupted into <i>banister</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bal"us*tered</hw> (-t&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
balusters.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bal"us*trade`</hw> (-tr&amacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>balustrade</i>, It. <i>balaustrata</i> fr. <i>balaustro</i>. See
<u>Baluster</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A row of balusters topped by a rail,
serving as an open parapet, as along the edge of a balcony, terrace,
bridge, staircase, or the eaves of a building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bam</hw> (b&abreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. a contr. of
<i>bamboozle</i>.] <def>An imposition; a cheat; a hoax.</def>
<i>Garrick.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To relieve the tedium, he kept plying them with all manner
of <i>bams</i>.<BR>
<i>Prof. Wilson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cheat; to wheedle.</def>
[Slang]  <i>Foote.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bam*bi"no</hw> (b&auml;m*b&emacr;"n&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[It., a little boy, fr. <i>bambo</i> silly; cf. Gr.
<grk>bambali`zein</grk>, <grk>bambai`nein</grk>, to chatter.] <def>A child
or baby; esp., a representation in art of the infant Christ wrapped in
swaddling clothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bam*boc`ci*ade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>bambocciata</i>, fr. <i>Bamboccio</i> a nickname of Peter Van Laer, a
Dutch genre painter; properly, a child, simpleton, puppet, fr. <i>bambo</i>
silly.] <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A representation of a grotesque scene from
common or rustic life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bam*boo"</hw> (b&abreve;m*b&oomac;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>bambu</i>, <i>mambu</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the family of
grasses, and genus <i>Bambusa</i>, growing in tropical countries.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The most useful species is <i>Bambusa arundinacea</i>, which has
a woody, hollow, round, straight, jointed stem, and grows to the height of
forty feet and upward. The flowers grow in large panicles, from the joints
of the stalk, placed three in a parcel, close to their receptacles. Old
stalks grow to five or six inches in diameter, and are so hard and durable
as to be used for building, and for all sorts of furniture, for water
pipes, and for poles to support palanquins. The smaller stalks are used for
walking sticks, flutes, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Bam*boo"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To flog with the
bamboo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bam*boo"zle</hw> (-z'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bamboozled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bamboozling</u> (&?;).] [Said to be of Gipsy origin.] <def>To deceive by
trickery; to cajole by confusing the senses; to hoax; to mystify; to
humbug.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What oriental tomfoolery is <i>bamboozling</i> you?<BR>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bam*boo"zler</hw> (b&abreve;m*b&oomac;"zl&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A swindler; one who deceives by trickery.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ban</hw> (b&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of fine
muslin, made in the East Indies from the fiber of the banana leaf
stalks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban</hw> (b&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bann</i>
command, edict; akin to D. <i>ban</i>, Icel. <i>bann</i>, Dan. <i>band</i>,
OHG. <i>ban</i>, G. <i>bann</i>, a public proclamation, as of interdiction
or excommunication, Gr. <grk>fa`nai</grk> to say, L. <i>fari</i> to speak,
Skr. <i>bhan</i> to speak; cf. F. <i>ban</i>, LL. <i>bannum</i>, of G.
origin. &radic;86. Cf. <u>Abandon</u>, <u>Fame</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A public proclamation or edict; a public order or notice, mandatory or
prohibitory; a summons by public proclamation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Feudal &amp; Mil.)</i> <def>A calling together of the
king's (esp. the French king's) vassals for military service; also, the
body of vassals thus assembled or summoned. In present usage, in France and
Prussia, the most effective part of the population liable to military duty
and not in the standing army.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Notice of a proposed marriage,
proclaimed in church. See <u>Banns</u> (the common spelling in this
sense).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An interdiction, prohibition, or
proscription.</def> "Under <i>ban</i> to touch."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A curse or anathema.</def> "Hecate's
<i>ban</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A pecuniary mulct or penalty laid upon a
delinquent for offending against a ban; as, a mulct paid to a bishop by one
guilty of sacrilege or other crimes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ban of the empire</b></col> <i>(German Hist.)</i>, <cd>an
imperial interdict by which political rights and privileges, as those of a
prince, city, or district, were taken away.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ban</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Banned</u> (b&abreve;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Banning</u>.] [OE. <i>bannen</i>, <i>bannien</i>, to summon, curse, AS.
<i>bannan</i> to summon; akin to Dan. <i>bande</i>, <i>forbande</i>, to
curse, Sw. <i>banna</i> to revile, <i>bannas</i> to curse. See <u>Ban</u>
an edict, and cf. <u>Banish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To curse; to
invoke evil upon.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To forbid; to interdict.</def>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ban</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To curse; to swear.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ban</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Serv. <i>ban</i>; cf. Russ. &amp; Pol.
<i>pan</i> a master, lord, Per. <i>ban</i>.] <def>An ancient title of the
warden of the eastern marches of Hungary; now, a title of the viceroy of
Croatia and Slavonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>ban</i> an
ordinance.] <def>Commonplace; trivial; hackneyed; trite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*nal"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Banalities</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>banalit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Banal</u>.] <def>Something commonplace, hackneyed, or trivial; the
commonplace, in speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The highest things were thus brought down to the
<i>banalities</i> of discourse.<BR>
<i>J. Morley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ba*na"na</hw> (b&adot;*n&auml;"n&adot;; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Sp. <i>banana</i>, name of the fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A perennial
herbaceous plant of almost treelike size (<i>Musa sapientum</i>); also, its
edible fruit. See <u>Musa</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The banana has a soft, herbaceous stalk, with leaves of great
length and breadth. The flowers grow in bunches, covered with a sheath of a
green or purple color; the fruit is five or six inches long, and over an
inch in diameter; the pulp is soft, and of a luscious taste, and is eaten
either raw or cooked. This plant is a native of tropical countries, and
furnishes an important article of food.</p>

<p><col><b>Banana bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small American
bird (<i>Icterus leucopteryx</i>), which feeds on the banana.</cd> --
<col><b>Banana quit</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small bird of
tropical America, of the genus <i>Certhiola</i>, allied to the
creepers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ban"at</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. &amp; G. <i>banat</i>.
See <u>Ban</u> a warden.] <def>The territory governed by a ban.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Banc</hw> (&?;), <hw>||Ban"cus</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bank</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>banc</i>, LL. <i>bancus</i>. See <u>Bank</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A bench; a high seat, or seat of distinction or
judgment; a tribunal or court.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In banc</b></col>, <col><b>In banco</b></col> (the ablative of
<i>bancus</i>), <col><b>In bank</b></col>, <cd>in full court, or with full
judicial authority; as, sittings <i>in banc</i> (distinguished from
sittings at <i>nisi prius</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ban"co</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See <u>Bank</u>.]
<def>A bank, especially that of Venice.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term is used in some parts of Europe to indicate bank money,
as distinguished from the current money, when this last has become
depreciated.</p>

<p><hw>Band</hw> (b&abreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>band</i>,
<i>bond</i>, Icel. <i>band</i>; akin to G., Sw., &amp; D. <i>band</i>, OHG.
<i>bant</i>, Goth. <i>bandi</i>, Skr. <i>bandha</i> a binding, <i>bandh</i>
to bind, for <i>bhanda</i>, <i>bhandh</i>, also to E. <i>bend</i>,
<i>bind</i>. In sense 7, at least, it is fr. F. <i>bande</i>, from OHG.
<i>bant</i>. &radic;90.  See <u>Bind</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Bend</u>, <u>Bond</u>, 1st <u>Bandy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
fillet, strap, or any narrow ligament with which a thing is encircled, or
fastened, or by which a number of things are tied, bound together, or
confined; a fetter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every one's <i>bands</i> were loosed.<BR>
<i>Acts xvi. 26.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A continuous
tablet, stripe, or series of ornaments, as of carved foliage, of color, or
of brickwork, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In Gothic architecture,
the molding, or suite of moldings, which encircles the pillars and small
shafts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which serves as the means of union or
connection between persons; a tie.</def> "To join in Hymen's <i>bands</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A linen collar or ruff worn in the 16th and 17th
centuries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Two strips of linen hanging from the
neck in front as part of a clerical, legal, or academic dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A narrow strip of cloth or other material on any
article of dress, to bind, strengthen, ornament, or complete it.</def>
"<i>Band</i> and gusset and seam."  <i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><! p. 116 pr=SA !></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A company of persons united in any common
design, especially a body of armed men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Troops of horsemen with his <i>bands</i> of foot.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A number of musicians who play together upon
portable musical instruments, especially those making a loud sound, as
certain wind instruments (trumpets, clarinets, etc.), and drums, or
cymbals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A space between elevated lines or
ribs, as of the fruits of umbelliferous plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A stripe, streak, or other
mark transverse to the axis of the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A belt or strap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A bond.</def> [Obs.] "Thy oath and
<i>band</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Pledge; security.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Band saw</b></col>, <cd>a saw in the form of an endless steel
belt, with teeth on one edge, running over wheels.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Band</hw> (b&abreve;nd), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Banded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Banding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind or tie with a
band.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark with a band.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unite in a troop, company, or
confederacy.</def> "<i>Banded</i> against his throne."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Banded architrave</b></col>, <col><b>pier</b></col>,
<col><b>shaft</b></col>, etc. <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an architrave, pier,
etc., of which the regular profile is interrupted by blocks or projections
crossing it at right angles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Band</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To confederate for some
common purpose; to unite; to conspire together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Certain of the Jews <i>banded</i> together.<BR>
<i>Acts xxiii. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Band</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bandy; to drive
away.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Band</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Bind</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Band"age</hw> (b&abreve;nd"&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>bandage</i>, fr. <i>bande</i>. See <u>Band</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fillet or strip of woven material, used in dressing and binding up
wounds, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something resembling a bandage; that which is
bound over or round something to cover, strengthen, or compress it; a
ligature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Zeal too had a place among the rest, with a <i>bandage</i>
over her eyes.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Band"age</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bandaged</u> (-&asl;jd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bandaging</u> (b&abreve;nd"&asl;*j&ibreve;ng).] <def>To bind, dress, or
cover, with a bandage; as, to <i>bandage</i> the eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ban*da"la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fabric made in
Manilla from the older leaf sheaths of the abaca (<i>Musa
textilis</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ban*dan"na</hw>, <hw>Ban*dan"a</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Hind. <i>b&amacr;ndhn&umacr;</i> a mode of dyeing in which the cloth is
tied in different places so as to prevent the parts tied from receiving the
dye. Cf. <u>Band</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
species of silk or cotton handkerchief, having a uniformly dyed ground,
usually of red or blue, with white or yellow figures of a circular,
lozenge, or other simple form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A style of calico printing, in which white or
bright spots are produced upon cloth previously dyed of a uniform red or
dark color, by discharging portions of the color by chemical means, while
the rest of the cloth is under pressure.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Band"box`</hw> (b&abreve;nd"b&obreve;ks`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A light box of pasteboard or thin wood, usually cylindrical, for
holding ruffs (the <i>bands</i> of the 17th century), collars, caps,
bonnets, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ban"deau</hw> (b&abreve;n"d&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Bandeaux</b></plw> (b&abreve;n"d&omacr;z). [F.] <def>A
narrow band or fillet; a part of a head-dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Around the edge of this cap was a stiff <i>bandeau</i> of
leather.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Band"e*let</hw> (&?;), <hw>Band"let</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bandelette</i>, dim. of <i>bande</i>. See
<u>Band</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Bendlet</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A small band or fillet; any little band or flat molding, compassing a
column, like a ring.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Band"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One banded with
others.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Band"e*role</hw> (&?;), <hw>Band"rol</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>banderole</i>, dim. of <i>bandi&egrave;re</i>,
<i>banni&egrave;re</i>, banner; cf. It. <i>banderuola</i> a little banner.
See <u>Banner</u>.] <def>A little banner, flag, or streamer.</def> [Written
also <i>bannerol</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From the extremity of which fluttered a small
<i>banderole</i> or streamer bearing a cross.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Band" fish`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small red fish of
the genus <i>Cepola</i>; the ribbon fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"di*coot</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of the
native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A species of
very large rat (<i>Mus giganteus</i>), found in India and Ceylon. It does
much injury to rice fields and gardens.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
ratlike marsupial animal (genus <i>Perameles</i>) of several species, found
in Australia and Tasmania.</def></p>

<p><hw>Band"ing plane`</hw> (&?;). <def>A plane used for cutting out
grooves and inlaying strings and bands in straight and circular
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"dit</hw> (b&abreve;n"d&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Bandits</b></plw> (b&abreve;n"d&ibreve;ts), <i>or</i>
<plw><b>Banditti</b></plw> (b&abreve;n*d&ibreve;t"t&ibreve;). [It.
<i>bandito</i> outlaw, p. p. of <i>bandire</i> to proclaim, to banish, to
proscribe, LL. <i>bandire</i>, <i>bannire</i>. See <u>Ban</u> an edict, and
cf. <u>Banish</u>.] <def>An outlaw; a brigand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No savage fierce, <i>bandit</i>, or mountaineer.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The plural <i>banditti</i> was formerly used as a collective
noun.</p>

<p><blockquote>Deerstealers are ever a desperate <i>banditti</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ban"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>bannlamh</i> cubit,
fr. <i>bann</i> a measure + <i>lamh</i> hand, arm.] <def>An Irish measure
of two feet in length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Band"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bandelet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Band"mas`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The conductor of
a musical band.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"dog`</hw> (b&abreve;n"d&obreve;g`; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Band</i> + <i>dog</i>, i.e., bound dog.] <def>A mastiff or other large
and fierce dog, usually kept chained or tied up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The keeper entered leading his <i>bandog</i>, a large
bloodhound, tied in a leam, or band, from which he takes his name.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ban`do*leer"</hw>, <hw>Ban`do*lier"</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bandouli&egrave;re</i> (cf. It.
<i>bandoliera</i>, Sp. <i>bandolera</i>), fr. F. <i>bande</i> band, Sp. &
It. <i>banda</i>. See <u>Band</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A broad leather belt formerly worn by soldiers over the right shoulder
and across the breast under the left arm.  Originally it was used for
supporting the musket and twelve cases for charges, but later only as a
cartridge belt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the leather or wooden cases in which the
charges of powder were carried.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"do*line</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. allied to
<i>band</i>.] <def>A glutinous pomatum for the hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"don</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bandon</i>. See
<u>Abandon</u>.] <def>Disposal; control; license.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of
R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ban"dore</hw> (&?; <i>or</i> &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>bandurria</i>, fr. L. <i>pandura</i>, <i>pandurium</i>, a musical
instrument of three strings, fr. Gr. <grk>pandoy^ra</grk>. Cf.
<u>Pandore</u>, <u>Banjo</u>, <u>Mandolin</u>.] <def>A musical stringed
instrument, similar in form to a guitar; a pandore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Band"rol</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Banderole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"dy</hw> (b&abreve;n"d&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Telugu
<i>ba&nsdot;&dsdot;i</i>.] <def>A carriage or cart used in India, esp. one
drawn by bullocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"dy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bandies</b></plw> (-d&ibreve;z). [Cf. F. <i>band&eacute;</i>, p. p.
of <i>bander</i> to bind, to bend (a bow), to bandy, fr. <i>bande</i>. See
<u>Band</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A club bent at
the lower part for striking a ball at play; a hockey stick.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The game played with such a club; hockey;
shinney; bandy ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bandied</u> (-d&ibreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bandying</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat to and fro, as a ball in
playing at bandy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like tennis balls <i>bandied</i> and struck upon us . . . by
rackets from without.<BR>
<i>Cudworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give and receive reciprocally; to
exchange.</def> "To <i>bandy</i> hasty words."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To toss about, as from man to man; to
agitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not obvious and known truth be <i>bandied</i> about in a
disputation.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ban"dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To contend, as at some
game in which each strives to drive the ball his own way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fit to <i>bandy</i> with thy lawless sons.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ban"dy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bent; crooked; curved
laterally, esp. with the convex side outward; as, a <i>bandy</i>
leg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"dy-legged`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having crooked
legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bane</hw> (b&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bane</i>
destruction, AS. <i>bana</i> murderer; akin to Icel. <i>bani</i> death,
murderer, OHG. <i>bana</i> murder, <i>bano</i> murderer, Goth. <i>banja</i>
stroke, wound, Gr. <grk>foney`s</grk> murderer, <grk>fo`nos</grk> murder,
OIr. <i>bath</i> death, <i>benim</i> I strike. &radic;31.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which destroys life, esp. poison of a deadly
quality.</def> [Obs.  except in combination, as in rats<i>bane</i>,
hen<i>bane</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destruction; death.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The cup of deception spiced and tempered to their
<i>bane</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any cause of ruin, or lasting injury; harm;
woe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Money, thou <i>bane</i> of bliss, and source of woe.<BR>
<i>Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A disease in sheep, commonly termed the
<i>rot</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Poison; ruin; destruction; injury; pest.</p>

<p><hw>Bane</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be the bane of; to
ruin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bane"ber`ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus <i>(Act&aelig;a)</i> of plants, of the order
<i>Ranunculace&aelig;</i>, native in the north temperate zone. The red or
white berries are poisonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bane"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having poisonous
qualities; deadly; destructive; injurious; noxious; pernicious.</def>
"<i>Baneful</i> hemlock." <i>Garth.</i> "<i>Baneful</i> wrath."
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p> -- <wf>Bane"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Bane"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bane"wort</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Deadly
nightshade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bang</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Banged</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Banging</u>.] [Icel. <i>banga</i> to hammer; akin to Dan. <i>banke</i>
to beat, Sw. <i>b&aring;ngas</i> to be impetuous, G. <i>bengel</i> club,
clapper of a bell.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat, as with a club or
cudgel; to treat with violence; to handle roughly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The desperate tempest hath so <i>banged</i> the Turks.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat or thump, or to cause (something) to hit
or strike against another object, in such a way as to make a loud noise;
as, to <i>bang</i> a drum or a piano; to <i>bang</i> a door (against the
doorpost or casing) in shutting it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bang</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a loud noise, as if
with a blow or succession of blows; as, the window blind <i>banged</i> and
waked me; he was <i>banging</i> on the piano.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blow as
with a club; a heavy blow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many a stiff thwack, many a <i>bang</i>.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sound produced by a sudden
concussion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bang</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut squarely across, as
the tail of a horse, or the forelock of human beings; to cut (the
hair).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His hair <i>banged</i> even with his eyebrows.<BR>
<i>The Century Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The short, front hair combed
down over the forehead, esp. when cut squarely across; a false front of
hair similarly worn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His hair cut in front like a young lady's <i>bang</i>.<BR>
<i>W. D. Howells.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bang</hw>, <hw>Bangue</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bhang</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bang"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Huge; great in size.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ban"gle</hw> (b&abreve;&nsm;"g'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From 1st
<u>Bang</u>.] <def>To waste by little and little; to fritter away.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>bangr&imacr;</i>
bracelet, bangle.] <def>An ornamental circlet, of glass, gold, silver, or
other material, worn by women in India and Africa, and in some other
countries, upon the wrist or ankle; a ring bracelet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bangle ear</b></col>, <cd>a loose hanging ear of a horse, like
that of a spaniel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ban"ian</hw> (b&abreve;n"y<i>a</i>n <i>or</i>
b&abreve;n*y&abreve;n"; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>banij</i>
merchant.  The tree was so named by the English, because used as a market
place by the merchants.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Hindoo trader, merchant,
cashier, or money changer.</def>  [Written also <i>banyan</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man's loose gown, like that worn by the
Banians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The Indian fig. See
<u>Banyan</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Banian days</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>days in which the
sailors have no flesh meat served out to them. This use seems to be
borrowed from the Banians or Banya race, who eat no flesh.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ban"ish</hw> (b&abreve;n"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Banished</u> (-&ibreve;sht); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Banishing</u>.] [OF. <i>banir</i>, F.
<i>bannir</i>, LL. <i>bannire</i>, fr. OHG. <i>bannan</i> to summon, fr.
<i>ban</i> ban. See <u>Ban</u> an edict, and <u>Finish</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To condemn to exile, or compel to
leave one's country, by authority of the ruling power.</def> "We
<i>banish</i> you our territories."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive out, as from a home or familiar place;
-- used with <i>from</i> and <i>out of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How the ancient Celtic tongue came to be <i>banished</i>
from the Low Countries in Scotland.<BR>
<i>Blair.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To drive away; to compel to depart; to
dispel.</def> "<i>Banish</i> all offense."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Banish</u>, <u>Exile</u>, <u>Expel</u>. The idea of
a coercive removal from a place is common to these terms. A man is
<i>banished</i> when he is forced by the government of a country (be he a
foreigner or a native) to leave its borders. A man is <i>exiled</i> when he
is driven into banishment from his <i>native</i> country and home. Thus to
<i>exile</i> is to <i>banish</i>, but to <i>banish</i> is not always to
<i>exile</i>. To <i>expel</i> is to eject or banish summarily or
authoritatively, and usually under circumstances of disgrace; as, to
<i>expel</i> from a college; <i>expelled</i> from decent society.</p>

<p><hw>Ban"ish*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
banishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"ish*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>bannissement</i>.] <def>The act of banishing, or the state of being
banished.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He secured himself by the <i>banishment</i> of his
enemies.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Round the wide world in <i>banishment</i> we roam.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Expatriation; ostracism; expulsion; proscription; exile;
outlawry.</p>

<p><hw>Ban"is*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>baluster</i>.]  <def>A baluster;</def> (<i>pl.</i>) <def>the balustrade
of a staircase.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He struggled to ascend the pulpit stairs, holding hard on
the <i>banisters</i>.  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ban"jo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly also
<i>banjore</i> and <i>banjer</i>; corrupted from <i>bandore</i>, through
negro slave pronunciation.] <def>A stringed musical instrument having a
head and neck like the guitar, and its body like a tambourine. It has five
strings, and is played with the fingers and hands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw> (b&abreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>banke</i>;
akin to E. <i>bench</i>, and prob. of Scand. origin; cf. Icel.
<i>bakki</i>. See <u>Bench</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mound, pile, or
ridge of earth, raised above the surrounding level; hence, anything shaped
like a mound or ridge of earth; as, a <i>bank</i> of clouds; a <i>bank</i>
of snow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They cast up a <i>bank</i> against the city.<BR>
<i>2 Sam. xx. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A steep acclivity, as the slope of a hill, or
the side of a ravine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The margin of a watercourse; the rising ground
bordering a lake, river, or sea, or forming the edge of a cutting, or other
hollow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tiber trembled underneath her <i>banks</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An elevation, or rising ground, under the sea; a
shoal, shelf, or shallow; as, the <i>banks</i> of Newfoundland.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The face of
the coal at which miners are working.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
deposit of ore or coal, worked by excavations above water level.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The ground at the top of a shaft; as, ores are
brought to <i>bank</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bank beaver</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the otter.</cd>
[Local, U.S.] -- <col><b>Bank swallow</b></col>, <cd>a small American and
European swallow (<i>Clivicola riparia</i>) that nests in a hole which it
excavates in a bank.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Banked</u>(b&abreve;&nsm;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Banking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To raise a mound or dike about; to
inclose, defend, or fortify with a bank; to embank.</def> "<i>Banked</i>
well with earth."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To heap or pile up; as, to <i>bank</i>
sand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass by the banks of.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To bank a fire</b></col>, <col><b>To bank up a fire</b></col>,
<cd>to cover the coals or embers with ashes or cinders, thus keeping the
fire low but alive.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. F. <i>banc</i>. Of German
origin, and akin to E. <i>bench</i>. See <u>Bench</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A bench, as for rowers in a galley; also, a tier of oars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Placed on their <i>banks</i>, the lusty Trojan sweep<BR>
Neptune's smooth face, and cleave the yielding deep.<BR>
<i>Waller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The bench or
seat upon which the judges sit.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The regular
term of a court of law, or the full court sitting to hear arguments upon
questions of law, as distinguished from a sitting at <i>Nisi Prius</i>, or
a court held for jury trials. See <u>Banc</u>.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Printing)</i> <def>A sort of table used by
printers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Music)</i> <def>A bench, or row of keys belonging
to a keyboard, as in an organ.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>banque</i>, It. <i>banca</i>,
orig. bench, table, counter, of German origin, and akin to E. <i>bench</i>;
cf. G. <i>bank</i> bench, OHG. <i>banch</i>. See <u>Bench</u>, and cf.
<u>Banco</u>, <u>Beach</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An establishment for
the custody, loan, exchange, or issue, of money, and for facilitating the
transmission of funds by drafts or bills of exchange; an institution
incorporated for performing one or more of such functions, or the
stockholders (or their representatives, the directors), acting in their
corporate capacity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The building or office used for banking
purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fund from deposits or contributions, to be
used in transacting business; a joint stock or capital.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let it be no <i>bank</i> or common stock, but every man be
master of his own money.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gaming)</i> <def>The sum of money or the checks
which the dealer or banker has as a fund, from which to draw his stakes and
pay his losses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In certain games, as dominos, a fund of pieces
from which the players are allowed to draw.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bank credit</b></col>, <cd>a credit by which a person who has
given the required security to a bank has liberty to draw to a certain
extent agreed upon.</cd> -- <col><b>Bank of deposit</b></col>, <cd>a bank
which receives money for safe keeping.</cd> -- <col><b>Bank of
issue</b></col>, <cd>a bank which issues its own notes payable to
bearer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deposit in a bank.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep a
bank; to carry on the business of a banker.</def></p>

<p><! p. 117 pr=SA !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deposit money in a bank; to have an account
with a banker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bank"a*ble</hw> (b&abreve;&nsm;k"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Receivable at a bank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bank" bill`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In America (and
formerly in England), a promissory note of a bank payable to the bearer on
demand, and used as currency; a bank note.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In England, a note, or a bill of exchange, of a
bank, payable to order, and usually at some future specified time. Such
bills are negotiable, but form, in the strict sense of the term, no part of
the currency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bank" book`</hw> (&?;). <def>A book kept by a depositor, in which an
officer of a bank enters the debits and credits of the depositor's account
with the bank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bank"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See the nouns <u>Bank</u>
and the verbs derived from them.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who conducts
the business of banking; one who, individually, or as a member of a
company, keeps an establishment for the deposit or loan of money, or for
traffic in money, bills of exchange, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A money changer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The dealer, or one who keeps the bank in a
gambling house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A vessel employed in the cod fishery on the
banks of Newfoundland.</def>  <i>Grabb. J. Q. Adams.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A ditcher; a drain digger.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The stone bench on which masons cut or square
their work.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bank"er*ess</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
banker.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bank"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of a bank or
of a banker.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Banking house</b></col>, <cd>an establishment or office in
which, or a firm by whom, banking is done.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bank" note`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A promissory note
issued by a bank or banking company, payable to bearer on demand.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States popularly called a <i>bank bill</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, a promissory note made by a banker, or
banking company, payable to a specified person at a fixed date; a bank
bill. See <u>Bank bill</u>, 2.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A promissory note payable at a bank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bank"rupt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>banqueroute</i>,
fr. It. <i>bancarotta</i> bankruptcy; <i>banca</i> bank (fr. OHG.
<i>banch</i>, G. <i>bank</i>, bench) + <i>rotta</i> broken, fr. L.
<i>ruptus</i>, p. p. of <i>rumpere</i> to break. At Florence, it is said,
the bankrupt had his bench ( i.e., money table) broken. See 1st
<u>Bank</u>, and <u>Rupture</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Old Eng. Low)</i> <def>A trader who secretes himself, or does certain
other acts tending to defraud his creditors.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trader who becomes unable to pay his debts; an
insolvent trader; popularly, any person who is unable to pay his debts; an
insolvent person.</def>  <i>M&?;Culloch.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person who, in accordance with
the terms of a law relating to bankruptcy, has been judicially declared to
be unable to meet his liabilities.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, until the year 1861 none but a "trader" could be made
a bankrupt; a non-trader failing to meet his liabilities being an
"insolvent". But this distinction was abolished by the Bankruptcy Act of
1861. The laws of 1841 and 1867 of the United States relating to bankruptcy
applied this designation <i>bankrupt</i> to others besides those engaged in
trade.</p>

<p><hw>Bank"rupt</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being a
bankrupt or in a condition of bankruptcy; unable to pay, or legally
discharged from paying, one's debts; as, a <i>bankrupt</i>
merchant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Depleted of money; not having the means of
meeting pecuniary liabilities; as, a <i>bankrupt</i> treasury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relating to bankrupts and bankruptcy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of, or wholly wanting (something once
possessed, or something one should possess).</def> "<i>Bankrupt</i> in
gratitude."  <i>Sheridan.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bankrupt law</b></col>, <cd>a law by which the property of a
person who is unable or unwilling to pay his debts may be taken and
distributed to his creditors, and by which a person who has made a full
surrender of his property, and is free from fraud, may be discharged from
the legal obligation of his debts. See <u>Insolvent</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Bank"rupt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bankrupted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bankrupting</u>.] <def>To make bankrupt; to bring financial ruin upon;
to impoverish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bank"rupt*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bankruptcies</b></plw>(&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of
being actually or legally bankrupt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of becoming a
bankrupt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Complete loss; -- followed by
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bank"side`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The slope of a
bank, especially of the bank of a steam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bank"-sid`ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Having sides inclining inwards, as a ship; -- opposed to <i>wall-
sided</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bank" swal"low</hw> (&?;). <def>See under 1st <u>Bank</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>||Ban"li*eue`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>bannum leucae</i>, <i>banleuca</i>; <i>bannum</i> jurisdiction +
<i>leuca</i> league.] <def>The territory without the walls, but within the
legal limits, of a town or city.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ban"ner</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>banere</i>, OF.
<i>baniere</i>, F. <i>banni&egrave;re</i>, <i>bandi&egrave;re</i>, fr. LL.
<i>baniera</i>, <i>banderia</i>, fr. <i>bandum</i> banner, fr. OHG.
<i>bant</i> band, strip of cloth; cf. <i>bindan</i> to bind, Goth.
<i>bandwa</i>, <i>bandwo</i>, a sign. See <u>Band</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of flag attached to a
spear or pike by a crosspiece, and used by a chief as his standard in
battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hang out our <i>banners</i> on the outward walls.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large piece of silk or other cloth, with a
device or motto, extended on a crosspiece, and borne in a procession, or
suspended in some conspicuous place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any flag or standard; as, the star-spangled
<i>banner</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Banner fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large fish of
the genus <i>Histiophorus</i>, of the Swordfish family, having a broad
bannerlike dorsal fin; the sailfish. One species (<i>H. Americanus</i>)
inhabits the North Atlantic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ban"nered</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with, or
bearing, banners.</def> "A <i>bannered</i> host."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ban"ner*et</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>baneret</i>, OF.
<i>baneret</i>, F. <i>banneret</i>; properly a dim. of OF. <i>baniere</i>.
See <u>Banner</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a knight who led his vassals into
the field under his own banner; -- commonly used as a title of
rank.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A title of rank, conferred for heroic deeds, and
hence, an order of knighthood; also, the person bearing such title or
rank.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The usual mode of conferring the rank on the field of battle was
by cutting or tearing off the point of the pennon or pointed flag on the
spear of the candidate, thereby making it a banner.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A civil officer in some Swiss cantons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small banner.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ban"ner*ol</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A banderole; esp. a
banner displayed at a funeral procession and set over the tomb. See
<u>Banderole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban*ni"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>bannitio</i>.
See <u>Banish</u>.] <def>The act of expulsion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Abp.
Laud.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ban"nock</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>bonnach</i>.]
<def>A kind of cake or bread, in shape flat and roundish, commonly made of
oatmeal or barley meal and baked on an iron plate, or griddle; -- used in
Scotland and the northern counties of England.</def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bannock fluke</b></col>, <cd>the turbot.</cd> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Banns</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See <u>Ban</u>.]
<def>Notice of a proposed marriage, proclaimed in a church, or other place
prescribed by law, in order that any person may object, if he knows of just
cause why the marriage should not take place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"quet</hw> (b&abreve;&nsm;"kw&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., a feast, prop. a dim. of <i>banc</i> bench; cf. It. <i>banchetto</i>,
dim. of <i>banco</i> a bench, counter. See <u>Bank</u> a bench, and cf.
<u>Banquette</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A feast; a sumptuous
entertainment of eating and drinking; often, a complimentary or ceremonious
feast, followed by speeches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dessert; a course of sweetmeats; a sweetmeat
or sweetmeats.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We'll dine in the great room, but let the music<BR>
And <i>banquet</i> be prepared here.<BR>
<i>Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ban"quet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Banqueted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Banqueting</u>.] <def>To treat with a banquet or sumptuous entertainment
of food; to feast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just in time to <i>banquet</i><BR>
The illustrious company assembled there.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ban"quet</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
regale one's self with good eating and drinking; to feast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Were it a draught for Juno when she <i>banquets</i>,<BR>
I would not taste thy treasonous offer.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To partake of a dessert after a feast.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where they did both sup and <i>banquet</i>.<BR>
<i>Cavendish.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ban"quet*er</hw> (b&abreve;&nsm;"kw&ebreve;t*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who banquets; one who feasts or makes
feasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban*quette"</hw> (b&abreve;&nsm;*k&ebreve;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. See <u>Banquet</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A raised way or foot bank, running along the inside of
a parapet, on which musketeers stand to fire upon the enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A narrow window seat; a raised
shelf at the back or the top of a buffet or dresser.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ban"shee</hw>, <hw>Ban"shie</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gael. <i>bean-shith</i> fairy; Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>bean</i> woman + Gael.
<i>sith</i> fairy.] <def>A supernatural being supposed by the Irish and
Scotch peasantry to warn a family of the speedy death of one of its
members, by wailing or singing in a mournful voice under the windows of the
house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"stic`kle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ban</i>,
<i>bon</i>, bone + <i>stickle</i> prickle, sting. See <u>Bone</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Stickleback</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
fish, the three-spined stickleback.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"tam</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A variety of small
barnyard fowl, with feathered legs, probably brought from Bantam, a
district of Java.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"tam work`</hw>. <def>Carved and painted work in imitation of
Japan ware.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ban"teng</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The wild ox of Java (<i>Bibos Banteng</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [ <pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bantered</u>(&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bantering</u>.] [Prob. corrupted fr. F. <i>badiner</i> to joke, or perh.
fr. E. <i>bandy</i> to beat to and fro. See <u>Badinage</u>, and cf.
<u>Barter</u> fr.  OF. <i>barater</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To address playful good-natured ridicule to, --
the person addressed, or something pertaining to him, being the subject of
the jesting; to rally; as, he <i>bantered</i> me about my
credulity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hag-ridden by my own fancy all night, and then
<i>bantered</i> on<BR>
my haggard looks the next day.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To jest about; to ridicule in speaking of, as
some trait, habit, characteristic, and the like.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>If they <i>banter</i> your regularity, order, and love of
study, <i>banter</i> in return their neglect of them.<BR>
<i>Chatham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To delude or trick, -- esp. by way of
jest.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We diverted ourselves with <i>bantering</i> several poor
scholars<BR>
with hopes of being at least his lordship's chaplain.<BR>
<i>De Foe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To challenge or defy to a match.</def> [Colloq.
Southern and Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ban"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of bantering; joking
or jesting; humorous or good-humored raillery; pleasantry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Part <i>banter</i>, part affection.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ban"ter*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who banters or
rallies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"ting*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A method of
reducing corpulence by avoiding food containing much farinaceous,
saccharine, or oily matter; -- so called from William <i>Banting</i> of
London.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bant"ling</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. for
<i>bandling</i>, from <i>band</i>, and meaning a child wrapped in swaddling
bands; or cf. G. <i>b&auml;ntling</i> a bastard, fr. <i>bank</i> bench.
Cf. <u>Bastard</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A young or small child; an
infant. [Slightly contemptuous or depreciatory.]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In what out of the way corners genius produces her
<i>bantlings</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Banx"ring</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An East Indian insectivorous mammal of the genus
<i>Tupaia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"yan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Banian</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree of the same genus as the common fig, and called
the Indian fig (<i>Ficus Indica</i>), whose branches send shoots to the
ground, which take root and become additional trunks, until it may be the
tree covers some acres of ground and is able to shelter thousands of
men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"o*bab</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The native name.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A gigantic African tree (<i>Adansonia digitata</i>),
also naturalized in India. See <u>Adansonia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Baph"o*met</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>Mahomet</i> or <i>Mohammed</i>, the Arabian prophet: cf. Pr.
<i>Bafomet</i>, OSp. <i>Mafomat</i>, OPg. <i>Mafameda</i>.] <def>An idol or
symbolical figure which the Templars were accused of using in their
mysterious rites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bap"tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>baptim</i>,
<i>baptem</i>, OE. <i>baptesme</i>, <i>batisme</i>, F.
<i>bapt&ecirc;me</i>, L. <i>baptisma</i>, fr. Gr. <i>&?;</i>, fr.
<i>&?;</i> to baptize, fr. <i>&?;</i> to dip in water, akin to <i>&?;</i>
deep, Skr. <i>g&amacr;h</i> to dip, bathe, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>The act of baptizing; the application of water to a person, as a
sacrament or religious ceremony, by which he is initiated into the visible
church of Christ. This is performed by immersion, sprinkling, or
pouring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bap*tis"mal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>baptismal</i>.] <def>Pertaining to baptism; as, <i>baptismal</i>
vows.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Baptismal name</b></col>, <cd>the Christian name, which is given
at baptism.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bap*tis"mal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a baptismal
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bap"tist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>baptista</i>, G.
<i>&?;</i>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who administers baptism; -- specifically
applied to John, the forerunner of Christ.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a denomination of Christians who deny the
validity of infant baptism and of sprinkling, and maintain that baptism
should be administered to believers alone, and should be by immersion. See
<u>Anabaptist</u>.</def></p>

<p>In doctrine the Baptists of this country [the United States] are
Calvinistic, but with much freedom and moderation.  <i>Amer. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Freewill Baptists</b></col>, <cd>a sect of Baptists who are
Arminian in doctrine, and practice open communion.</cd> -- <col><b>Seventh-
day Baptists</b></col>, <cd>a sect of Baptists who keep the seventh day of
the week, or Saturday, as the Sabbath. See <u>Sabbatarian</u>. The Dunkers
and Campbellites are also Baptists.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bap"tis*ter*y</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bap"tis*try</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Baptisteries</b></plw> (&?;),
<plw><b>-tries</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>baptisterium</i>, Gr. <i>&?;</i>:
cf. F. <i>baptist&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>In early times, a separate building, usually polygonal, used for
baptismal services. Small churches were often changed into baptisteries
when larger churches were built near.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A part
of a church containing a font and used for baptismal services.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bap*tis"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>]
<def>Of or for baptism; baptismal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bap*tis"tic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Baptistic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bap*tiz"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
baptized; fit to be baptized.</def>  <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bap`ti*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Baptism.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>baptizations</i> were null.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bap*tize"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Baptized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Baptizing</u>.] [F. <i>baptiser</i>, L. <i>baptizare</i>, fr.Gr.
<i>&?;</i>. See <u>Baptism</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To administer the
sacrament of baptism to.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To christen ( because a name is given to infants
at their baptism); to give a name to; to name.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll be new <i>baptized</i>;<BR>
Henceforth I never will be Romeo.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sanctify; to consecrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bap*tize"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
baptizing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bap*tiz"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
baptizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar</hw> (b&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>barre</i>, F.
<i>barre</i>, fr. LL. <i>barra</i>, W. <i>bar</i> the branch of a tree,
bar, <i>baren</i> branch, Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>barra</i> bar. &radic;91.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of wood, metal, or other material, long in
proportion to its breadth or thickness, used as a lever and for various
other purposes, but especially for a hindrance, obstruction, or fastening;
as, the <i>bars</i> of a fence or gate; the <i>bar</i> of a door.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt make <i>bars</i> of shittim wood.<BR>
<i>Ex. xxvi. 26.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An indefinite quantity of some substance, so
shaped as to be long in proportion to its breadth and thickness; as, a
<i>bar</i> of gold or of lead; a <i>bar</i> of soap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything which obstructs, hinders, or prevents;
an obstruction; a barrier.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Must I new <i>bars</i> to my own joy create?<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 118 pr=SA !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A bank of sand, gravel, or other matter, esp. at
the mouth of a river or harbor, obstructing navigation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any railing that divides a room, or office, or
hall of assembly, in order to reserve a space for those having special
privileges; as, the <i>bar</i> of the House of Commons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The railing
that incloses the place which counsel occupy in courts of justice. Hence,
the phrase <i>at the bar of the court</i> signifies <i>in open
court</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The place in court where
prisoners are stationed for arraignment, trial, or sentence.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The whole body of lawyers licensed in a court or
district; the legal profession.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A special
plea constituting a sufficient answer to plaintiff's action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Any tribunal; as, the <i>bar</i> of public
opinion; the <i>bar</i> of God.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A barrier or counter, over which liquors and
food are passed to customers; hence, the portion of the room behind the
counter where liquors for sale are kept.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>An ordinary, like a fess but
narrower, occupying only one fifth part of the field.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A broad shaft, or band, or stripe; as, a
<i>bar</i> of light; a <i>bar</i> of color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A vertical line across the staff.
Bars divide the staff into spaces which represent measures, and are
themselves called <i>measures</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>double bar</i> marks the end of a strain or main division of
a movement, or of a whole piece of music; in psalmody, it marks the end of
a line of poetry. The term <i>bar</i> is very often loosely used for
<i>measure</i>, i.e., for such length of music, or of silence, as is
included between one bar and the next; as, a passage of eight <i>bars</i>;
two <i>bars'</i> rest.</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <i>pl.</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The space between the tusks and grinders in the upper jaw of a horse,
in which the bit is placed.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The part of the
crust of a horse's hoof which is bent inwards towards the frog at the heel
on each side, and extends into the center of the sole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A drilling
or tamping rod.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A vein or dike crossing a
lode.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A gatehouse
of a castle or fortified town.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A slender
strip of wood which divides and supports the glass of a window; a sash
bar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bar shoe</b></col> <i>(Far.)</i>, <cd>a kind of horseshoe having
a bar across the usual opening at the heel, to protect a tender frog from
injury.</cd> -- <col><b>Bar shot</b></col>, <cd>a double headed shot,
consisting of a bar, with a ball or half ball at each end; -- formerly used
for destroying the masts or rigging in naval combat.</cd> -- <col><b>Bar
sinister</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>a term popularly but erroneously used
for <i>baton</i>, a mark of illegitimacy. See <u>Baton</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bar tracery</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>ornamental stonework
resembling bars of iron twisted into the forms required.</cd> --
<col><b>Blank bar</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>. <cd>See <u>Blank</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Case at bar</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a case presently before the
court; a case under argument.</cd> -- <col><b>In bar of</b></col>, <cd>as a
sufficient reason against; to prevent.</cd> -- <col><b>Matter in
bar</b></col>, or <col><b>Defence in bar</b></col>, <cd>any matter which is
a final defense in an action.</cd> -- <col><b>Plea in bar</b></col>, <cd>a
plea which goes to bar or defeat the plaintiff's action absolutely and
entirely.</cd> -- <col><b>Trial at bar</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a
trial before all the judges of one the superior courts of Westminster, or
before a quorum representing the full court.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bar</hw> (b&auml;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Barred</u> (b&auml;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Barring</u>.] [ F. <i>barrer</i>. See <u>Bar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten with a bar; as, to <i>bar</i> a door or
gate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To restrict or confine, as if by a bar; to
hinder; to obstruct; to prevent; to prohibit; as, to <i>bar</i> the
entrance of evil; distance <i>bars</i> our intercourse; the statute
<i>bars</i> my right; the right is <i>barred</i> by time; a release
<i>bars</i> the plaintiff's recovery; -- sometimes with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He barely looked the idea in the face, and hastened to
<i>bar</i> it in its dungeon.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To except; to exclude by exception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nay, but I <i>bar</i> to-night: you shall not gauge me<BR>
By what we do to-night.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cross with one or more stripes or
lines.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the sake of distinguishing the feet more clearly, I have
<i>barred</i> them singly.<BR>
<i>Burney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Barb</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>barbe</i>, fr. L.
<i>barba</i> beard. See <u>Beard</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Beard, or that which resembles it, or grows in the
place of it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The barbel, so called by reason of his <i>barbs</i>, or
wattles in his mouth.<BR>
<i>Walton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A muffler, worn by nuns and mourners.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Paps, or little projections, of the
mucous membrane, which mark the opening of the submaxillary glands under
the tongue in horses and cattle. The name is mostly applied when the barbs
are inflamed and swollen.</def>  [Written also <i>barbel</i> and
<i>barble</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The point that stands backward in an arrow,
fishhook, etc., to prevent it from being easily extracted. Hence: Anything
which stands out with a sharp point obliquely or crosswise to something
else.</def> "Having two <i>barbs</i> or points."  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A bit for a horse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the side branches of
a feather, which collectively constitute the vane. See
<u>Feather</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A southern name for the
kingfishes of the eastern and southeastern coasts of the United States; --
also improperly called <i>whiting</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A hair or bristle ending in a
double hook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Barb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Barbed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Barbing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shave or dress the beard of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clip; to mow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with barbs, or with that which will
hold or hurt like barbs, as an arrow, fishhook, spear, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But rattling storm of arrows <i>barbed</i> with fire.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Barb</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>barbe</i>, fr.
<i>Barbarie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The Barbary horse, a superior
breed introduced from Barbary into Spain by the Moors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A blackish or dun variety of
the pigeon, originally brought from Barbary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Barb</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. <i>bard</i>.]
<def>Armor for a horse. Same as 2d <u>Bard</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*can</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Barbican</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*can*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Barbicanage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar*ba"di*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Barbados.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A native of
Barbados.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bar*ba"dos</hw> or <hw>Bar*ba"does</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A West Indian island, giving its name to a
disease, to a cherry, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barbados cherry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus of trees of
the West Indies (<i>Malpighia</i>) with an agreeably acid fruit resembling
a cherry.</cd> -- <col><b>Barbados leg</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
species of elephantiasis incident to hot climates.</cd> -- <col><b>Barbados
nuts</b></col>, <cd>the seeds of the <i>Jatropha curcas</i>, a plant
growing in South America and elsewhere. The seeds and their acrid oil are
used in medicine as a purgative. See <u>Physic nut</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Bar"ba*ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Coined by logicians.]
<i>(Logic)</i> <def>The first word in certain mnemonic lines which
represent the various forms of the syllogism. It indicates a syllogism
whose three propositions are universal affirmatives.</def>
<i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar`ba*resque"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Barbaric in
form or style; as, <i>barbaresque</i> architecture.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar*ba"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Barbarous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A foreigner.</def>
[Historical]</p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore if I know not the meaning of the voice, I shall be
unto him that speaketh a <i>barbarian</i>, and he that speaketh shall be a
<i>barbarian</i> unto me.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. xiv. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man in a rude, savage, or uncivilized
state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person destitute of culture.</def>  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A cruel, savage, brutal man; one destitute of
pity or humanity.</def> "Thou fell <i>barbarian</i>."  <i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar*ba"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, or pertaining to,
or resembling, barbarians; rude; uncivilized; barbarous; as,
<i>barbarian</i> governments or nations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar*bar"ic</hw> (b&auml;r*b&abreve;r"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>barbaricus</i> foreign, barbaric, Gr.
<grk>barbariko`s</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, or from, barbarian
nations; foreign; -- often with reference to barbarous nations of the
east.</def>  "<i>Barbaric</i> pearl and gold."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, or resembling, an
uncivilized person or people; barbarous; barbarian; destitute of
refinement.</def> "Wild, <i>barbaric</i> music."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*rism</hw> (b&auml;r"b&adot;*r&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>barbarismus</i>, Gr. <grk>barbarismo`s</grk>;
cf. F. <i>barbarisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An uncivilized state or
condition; rudeness of manners; ignorance of arts, learning, and
literature; barbarousness.</def>  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A barbarous, cruel, or brutal action; an
outrage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A heinous <i>barbarism</i> . . . against the honor of
marriage.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An offense against purity of style or language;
any form of speech contrary to the pure idioms of a particular language.
See <u>Solecism</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Greeks were the first that branded a foreign term in any
of their writers with the odious name of <i>barbarism</i>.<BR>
<i>G. Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bar*bar"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Barbarities</b></plw> (&?;). [From <u>Barbarous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or manner of a barbarian; lack of
civilization.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cruelty; ferociousness; inhumanity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Treating Christians with a <i>barbarity</i> which would have
shocked the very Moslem.</blockquote>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A barbarous or cruel act.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Barbarism; impurity of speech.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*rize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Barbarized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Barbarizing</u> (&?;).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become barbarous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Roman empire was <i>barbarizing</i> rapidly from the
time of Trajan.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adopt a foreign or barbarous mode of
speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ill habit . . . of wretched <i>barbarizing</i> against
the Latin and Greek idiom, with their untutored Anglicisms.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*rize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>barbariser</i>, LL. <i>barbarizare</i>.] <def>To make
barbarous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hideous changes which have <i>barbarized</i> France.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>barbarus</i>,
Gr. <grk>ba`rbaros</grk>, strange, foreign; later, slavish, rude, ignorant;
akin to L. <i>balbus</i> stammering, Skr. <i>barbara</i> stammering,
outlandish. Cf. <u>Brave</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being in the state of a barbarian; uncivilized; rude; peopled with
barbarians; as, a <i>barbarous</i> people; a <i>barbarous</i>
country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Foreign; adapted to a barbaric taste.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Barbarous</i> gold.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cruel; ferocious; inhuman; merciless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By their <i>barbarous</i> usage he died within a few days,
to the grief of all that knew him.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Contrary to the pure idioms of a
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>barbarous</i> expression<BR>
<i>G. Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Uncivilized; unlettered; uncultivated; untutored;
ignorant; merciless; brutal. See <u>Ferocious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*rous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a barbarous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*rous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being barbarous; barbarity; barbarism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fr. Ar. <i>Barbar</i>
the people of Barbary.] <def>The countries on the north coast of Africa
from Egypt to the Atlantic. Hence: A Barbary horse; a barb. [Obs.] Also, a
kind of pigeon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barbary ape</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an ape
(<i>Macacus innuus</i>) of north Africa and Gibraltar Rock, being the only
monkey inhabiting Europe. It is very commonly trained by showmen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*stel`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>barbastelle</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European bat
(<i>Barbastellus communis</i>), with hairy lips.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"bate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>barbatus</i>, fr.
<i>barba</i> beard. See <u>Barb</u> beard.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearded;
beset with long and weak hairs.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ba*ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having barbed
points.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dart uncommonly <i>barbated</i>.<BR>
<i>T. Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bar"be*cue</hw> (b&auml;"b&esl;*k&umacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [In
the language of Indians of Guiana, a frame on which all kinds of flesh and
fish are roasted or smoke-dried.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hog, ox, or
other large animal roasted or broiled whole for a feast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A social entertainment, where many people
assemble, usually in the open air, at which one or more large animals are
roasted or broiled whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A floor, on which coffee beans are sun-
dried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"be*cue</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Barbecued</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Barbecuing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dry or cure by exposure on a
frame or gridiron.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They use little or no salt, but <i>barbecue</i> their game
and fish in the smoke.<BR>
<i>Stedman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To roast or broil whole, as an ox or
hog.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Send me, gods, a whole hog <i>barbecued</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Barbed</hw> (b&auml;rbd <i>or</i> b&auml;rb"&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 4th <u>Barb</u>.] <def>Accoutered with defensive
armor; -- said of a horse. See <u>Barded</u> (which is the proper
form.)</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Barbed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a barb or
barbs; as, a <i>barbed</i> arrow; <i>barbed</i> wire.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barbed wire</b></col>, <cd>a wire, or a strand of twisted wires,
armed with barbs or sharp points. It is used for fences.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bar"bel</hw> (b&auml;r"b&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>barbel</i>, F. <i>barbeau</i>, dim. of L. <i>barbus</i> barbel, fr.
<i>barba</i> beard. See 1st <u>Barb</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A slender tactile organ on
the lips of certain fishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large fresh-water fish
(<i>Barbus vulgaris</i>) found in many European rivers. Its upper jaw is
furnished with four barbels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Barbs or paps under the tongues of
horses and cattle. See 1st <u>Barb</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"bel*late</hw> (-l&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Barb</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having short, stiff hairs, often barbed at
the point.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar*bel"lu*late</hw> (b&auml;r*b&ebreve;l"l&usl;*l&asl;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Barbellate with diminutive hairs or
barbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ber</hw> (b&auml;r"b&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>barbour</i>, OF. <i>barbeor</i>, F. <i>barbier</i>, as if fr. an assumed
L. <i>barbator</i>, fr. <i>barba</i> beard. See 1st <u>Barb</u>.] <def>One
whose occupation it is to shave or trim the beard, and to cut and dress the
hair of his patrons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barber's itch</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Itch</u>.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly the barber practiced some offices of surgery, such as
letting blood and pulling teeth. Hence such terms as <i>barber surgeon</i>
(old form <i>barber chirurgeon</i>), <i>barber surgery</i>, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Barbered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Barbering</u>.] <def>To shave and dress the beard or hair of.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ber fish</hw>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Surgeon
fish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ber*mon`ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fop.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ber*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>barbarin</i>,
<i>barbere</i>, OF. <i>berbere</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A shrub of the
genus <i>Berberis</i>, common along roadsides and in neglected fields.
<i>B. vulgaris</i> is the species best known; its oblong red berries are
made into a preserve or sauce, and have been deemed efficacious in fluxes
and fevers. The bark dyes a fine yellow, esp. the bark of the root.</def>
[Also spelt <i>berberry</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"bet</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>barbet</i>, fr.
<i>barbe</i> beard, long hair of certain animals. See <u>Barb</u> beard.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A variety of small dog, having
long curly hair.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A bird of the family
<i>Bucconid&aelig;</i>, allied to the Cuckoos, having a large, conical beak
swollen at the base, and bearded with five bunches of stiff bristles; the
puff bird. It inhabits tropical America and Africa.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A larva that feeds on aphides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar*bette"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. Cf. <u>Barbet</u>.]
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A mound of earth or a platform in a fortification, on
which guns are mounted to fire over the parapet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>En barbette</b></col>, <col><b>In barbette</b></col>, <cd>said
of guns when they are elevated so as to fire over the top of a parapet, and
not through embrasures.</cd> -- <col><b>Barbette gun</b></col>, or
<col><b>Barbette battery</b></col>, <cd>a single gun, or a number of guns,
mounted <i>in barbette</i>, or partially protected by a parapet or
turret.</cd> -- <col><b>Barbette carriage</b></col>, <cd>a gun carriage
which elevates guns sufficiently to be <i>in barbette</i>. [See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Casemate</u>.]</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bar"bi*can</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bar"ba*can</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>barbican</i>, <i>barbecan</i>, F.
<i>barbacane</i>, LL. <i>barbacana</i>, <i>barbicana</i>, of uncertain
origin: cf. Ar. <i>barbakh</i> aqueduct, sewer. F. <i>barbacane</i> also
means, an opening to let out water, loophole.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A tower or advanced work defending the entrance to a
castle or city, as at a gate or bridge. It was often large and strong,
having a ditch and drawbridge of its own.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An opening in the wall of a fortress, through
which missiles were discharged upon an enemy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bar"bi*can*age</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bar"ba*can*age</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>barbicanagium</i>. See <u>Barbican</u>.]
<def>Money paid for the support of a barbican.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"bi*cel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>barbicella</i>,
dim. of L. <i>barba</i>. See 1st <u>Barb</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of the small hooklike processes on the barbules of feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bar"biers</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
variety of paralysis, peculiar to India and the Malabar coast; --
considered by many to be the same as <i>beriberi</i> in a chronic
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar*big"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>barba</i> a
beard + <i>-gerous</i>.] <def>Having a beard; bearded; hairy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bar"bi*ton</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>ba`rbiton</grk>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An ancient Greek instrument
resembling a lyre.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar`bi*tu"ric ac"id</hw> (&?;). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white,
crystalline substance, CH<sub>2</sub>(CO.NH)<sub>2</sub>.CO, derived from
alloxantin, also from malonic acid and urea, and regarded as a substituted
urea.</def></p>

<p><! p. 119 pr=SA !></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ble</hw> (b&auml;r"b'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Barbel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"bo*tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A paste of
clay used in decorating coarse pottery in relief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"bre</hw> (b&auml;r"b&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Barbarian.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"bule</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>barbula</i>, fr.
<i>barba</i> beard.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A very minute barb or beard.</def>
<i>Booth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the processes along
the edges of the barbs of a feather, by which adjacent barbs interlock. See
<u>Feather</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ca*rolle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>barcarolle</i>,
fr. It. <i>barcaruola</i>, fr. <i>barca</i> bark, barge.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A popular song or melody sung by Venetian
gondoliers.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A piece of music composed in
imitation of such a song.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"con</hw> (-k&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>barcone</i>, fr. <i>barca</i> a bark.] <def>A vessel for freight; --
used in the Mediterranean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bard</hw> (b&auml;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Celtic origin; cf.
W. <i>bardd</i>, Arm. <i>barz</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>bard</i>, and F.
<i>barde</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A professional poet and singer, as
among the ancient Celts, whose occupation was to compose and sing verses in
honor of the heroic achievements of princes and brave men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A poet; as, the <i>bard</i> of
Avon.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bard</hw>, <hw>Barde</hw>  } (b&auml;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>barde</i>, of doubtful origin.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of defensive (or, sometimes, ornamental)
armor for a horse's neck, breast, and flanks; a barb. [Often in the
<pos><i>pl.</i></pos>]</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Defensive armor formerly worn by a
man at arms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A thin slice of fat bacon used
to cover any meat or game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>To cover
(meat or game) with a thin slice of fat bacon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bard"ed</hw>, <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [See <u>Bard</u> horse armor.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Accoutered with defensive armor; -- said of a
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Wearing rich caparisons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fifteen hundred men . . . <i>barded</i> and richly
trapped.<BR>
<i>Stow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bard"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to bards,
or their poetry.</def> "The <i>bardic</i> lays of ancient Greece." <i>G. P.
Marsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bard"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or written
by, a bard or bards.</def> "<i>Bardish</i> impostures."  <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bard"ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The system
of bards; the learning and maxims of bards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bard"ling</hw> (-l&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inferior
bard.</def>  <i>J. Cunningham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bard"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being a
bard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bare</hw> (b&acirc;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bar</i>,
<i>bare</i>, AS. <i>b&aelig;r</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>baar</i>, OHG.
<i>par</i>, Icel. <i>berr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>bar</i>, OSlav.
<i>bos&ubreve;</i> barefoot, Lith. <i>basas</i>; cf. Skr. <i>bh&amacr;s</i>
to shine. &radic;85.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without clothes or covering; stripped of the
usual covering; naked; as, his body is <i>bare</i>; the trees are
<i>bare</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With head uncovered; bareheaded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When once thy foot enters the church, be <i>bare</i>.<BR>
<i>Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without anything to cover up or conceal one's
thoughts or actions; open to view; exposed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bare</i> in thy guilt, how foul must thou
appear!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Plain; simple; unadorned; without polish; bald;
meager.</def> "Uttering <i>bare</i> truth."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Destitute; indigent; empty; unfurnished or
scantily furnished; -- used with <i>of</i>  (rarely with <i>in</i>) before
the thing wanting or taken away; as, a room <i>bare</i> of furniture.</def>
"A <i>bare</i> treasury."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Threadbare; much worn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It appears by their <i>bare</i> liveries that they live by
your bare words.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Mere; alone; unaccompanied by anything else; as,
a <i>bare</i> majority.</def> "The <i>bare</i> necessaries of life."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor are men prevailed upon by <i>bare</i> words.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Under bare poles</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>having no sail
set.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Surface;
body; substance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You have touched the very <i>bare</i> of naked truth.<BR>
<i>Marston.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>That part of a roofing slate,
shingle, tile, or metal plate, which is exposed to the weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bare</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bared</u>(b&acirc;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Baring</u>.]
[AS. <i>barian</i>. See <u>Bare</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To strip
off the covering of; to make bare; as, to <i>bare</i> the breast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bare</hw>. <def>Bore; the old preterit of <u>Bear</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bare"back`</hw> (b&acirc;r"b&abreve;k`), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>On the bare back of a horse, without using a saddle; as, to ride
<i>bareback</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bare"backed`</hw> (-b&abreve;kd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the back uncovered; as, a <i>barebacked</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bare"bone`</hw> (b&acirc;r"b&omacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
very lean person; one whose bones show through the skin.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bare"faced`</hw> (b&acirc;r"f&amacr;st`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With the face uncovered; not masked.</def> "You
will play <i>barefaced</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without concealment; undisguised. Hence:
Shameless; audacious.</def> "<i>Barefaced</i> treason."  <i>J.
Baillie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bare"faced`ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Openly;
shamelessly.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bare"faced`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
barefaced; shamelessness; assurance; audaciousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bare"foot</hw> (b&acirc;r"f&oocr;t), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos>
<def>With the feet bare; without shoes or stockings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bare"foot`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the feet
bare.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*r&eacute;ge"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>bar&eacute;ge</i>, so called from <i>Bar&eacute;ges</i>, a town in the
Pyrenees.] <def>A gauzelike fabric for ladies' dresses, veils, etc. of
worsted, silk and worsted, or cotton and worsted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bare"hand`ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Having bare
hands.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bare"head`ed</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bare"head</hw>  }, <pos><i>a. &
adv.</i></pos> <def>Having the head uncovered; as, a <i>bareheaded</i>
girl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bare"legged`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the legs
bare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bare"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without
covering; nakedly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without concealment or disguise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Merely; only.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>R.</i> For now his son is duke.<BR>
<i>W.</i> <i>Barely</i> in title, not in revenue.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>But just; without any excess; with nothing to
spare ( of quantity, time, etc.); hence, scarcely; hardly; as, there was
<i>barely</i> enough for all; he <i>barely</i> escaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bare"necked`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the neck
bare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bare"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
bare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bare"sark</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Literally, <i>bare
sark</i> or <i>shirt</i>.] <def>A Berserker, or Norse warrior who fought
without armor, or shirt of mail. Hence, adverbially: Without shirt of mail
or armor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"fish`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Calico bass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
obstructions.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"gain</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bargayn</i>,
<i>bargany</i>, OF. <i>bargaigne</i>, <i>bargagne</i>, prob. from a
supposed LL. <i>barcaneum</i>, fr. <i>barca</i> a boat which carries
merchandise to the shore; hence, to traffic to and fro, to carry on
commerce in general. See <u>Bark</u> a vessel. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
agreement between parties concerning the sale of property; or a contract by
which one party binds himself to transfer the right to some property for a
consideration, and the other party binds himself to receive the property
and pay the consideration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A contract is a <i>bargain</i> that is legally binding.<BR>
<i>Wharton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An agreement or stipulation; mutual
pledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And whon your honors mean to solemnize<BR>
The <i>bargain</i> of your faith.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A purchase; also ( when not qualified), a
gainful transaction; an advantageous purchase; as, to buy a thing at a
<i>bargain</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The thing stipulated or purchased; also,
anything bought cheap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She was too fond of her most filthy <i>bargain</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bargain and sale</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a species of
conveyance, by which the bargainor contracts to convey the lands to the
bargainee, and becomes by such contract a trustee for and seized to the use
of the bargainee. The statute then completes the purchase; <i>i. e.</i>,
the bargain vests the use, and the statute vests the possession.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Into the bargain</b></col>, <cd>over and
above what is stipulated; besides.</cd> -- <col><b>To sell
bargains</b></col>, <cd>to make saucy (usually indelicate) repartees.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>To strike a bargain</b></col>, <cd>to reach
or ratify an agreement.</cd> "A bargain was <i>struck</i>."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contract; stipulation; purchase; engagement.</p>

<p><hw>Bar"gain</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>barganien</i>, OF.
<i>bargaigner</i>, F. <i>barguigner</i>, to hesitate, fr. LL.
<i>barcaniare</i>. See <u>Bargain</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To make a
bargain; to make a contract for the exchange of property or services; --
followed by <i>with</i> and <i>for</i>; as, to <i>bargain</i> with a farmer
for a cow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So worthless peasants <i>bargain</i> for their wives.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bar"gain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bargained</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bargaining</u>.] <def>To transfer for a consideration; to barter; to
trade; as, to <i>bargain</i> one horse for another.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To bargain away</b></col>, <cd>to dispose of in a bargain; --
usually with a sense of loss or disadvantage; as, to <i>bargain away</i>
one's birthright.</cd>  "The heir . . . had somehow <i>bargained away</i>
the estate."  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar`gain*ee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>bargaign&eacute;</i>, p. p. See <u>Bargain</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The party to a contract who receives, or agrees to
receive, the property sold.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"gain*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes a
bargain; -- sometimes in the sense of <i>bargainor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar`gain*or"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One
who makes a bargain, or contracts with another; esp., one who sells, or
contracts to sell, property to another.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Barge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>barge</i>, F.
<i>berge</i>, fr. LL. <i>barca</i>, for <i>barica</i> (not found), prob.
fr. L. <i>baris</i> an Egyptian rowboat, fr. Gr. <i>&?;</i>, prob. fr.
Egyptian: cf. Coptic <i>bari</i> a boat. Cf. <u>Bark</u> a vessel.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pleasure boat; a vessel or boat of state,
elegantly furnished and decorated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large, roomy boat for the conveyance of
passengers or goods; as, a ship's <i>barge</i>; a charcoal
<i>barge</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A large boat used by flag officers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A double-decked passenger or freight vessel,
towed by a steamboat.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A large omnibus used for excursions.</def>
[Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Barge"board`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. corrup. of
<i>vergeboard</i>; or cf. LL. <i>bargus</i> a kind of gallows.] <def>A
vergeboard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Barge"course`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Bargeboard</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A part of the tiling which projects
beyond the principal rafters, in buildings where there is a gable.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar*gee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bargeman.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Barge"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The man who manages
a barge, or one of the crew of a barge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Barge"mast`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The proprietor
or manager of a barge, or one of the crew of a barge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The manager of a
barge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ghest`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. G. <i>berg</i>
mountain + <i>geist</i> demon, or <i>b&auml;r</i> a bear + <i>geist</i>.]
<def>A goblin, in the shape of a large dog, portending misfortune.</def>
[Also written <i>barguest</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Barium</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Baryta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ic</hw> (b&abreve;r"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to barium; as, <i>baric</i>
oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ba`ros</grk> weight.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to weight, esp. to the weight or
pressure of the atmosphere as measured by the barometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*ril"la</hw> (b&adot;*r&ibreve;l"l&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Sp. <i>barrilla</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given
to several species of Salsola from which soda is made, by burning the
barilla in heaps and lixiviating the ashes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The alkali
produced from the plant, being an impure carbonate of soda, used for making
soap, glass, etc., and for bleaching purposes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Impure soda obtained from the ashes of any seashore plant, or
kelp.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Copper barilla</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>native copper in
granular form mixed with sand, an ore brought from Bolivia; -- called also
<i>Barilla de cobre</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Bar"il*let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>baril</i> barrel.] <def>A little cask, or something resembling
one.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar" i`ron</hw> (&?;). <def>See under <u>Iron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"rite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native
sulphate of barium, a mineral occurring in transparent, colorless, white to
yellow crystals (generally tabular), also in granular form, and in compact
massive forms resembling marble. It has a high specific gravity, and hence
is often called <i>heavy spar</i>. It is a common mineral in metallic
veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"i*tone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Barytone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"ri*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<i><grk>bary`s</grk></i> heavy.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the elements,
belonging to the alkaline earth group; a metal having a silver-white color,
and melting at a very high temperature. It is difficult to obtain the pure
metal, from the facility with which it becomes oxidized in the air. Atomic
weight, 137.  Symbol, Ba. Its oxide called <i>baryta</i>.</def>  [Rarely
written <i>barytum</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; Some of the compounds of this element are remarkable for their
high specific gravity, as the sulphate, called <i>heavy spar</i>, and the
like. The oxide was called <i>barote</i>, by Guyton de Morveau, which name
was changed by Lavoisier to <i>baryta</i>, whence the name of the
metal.</p>

<p><hw>Bark</hw> (b&auml;rk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>bark</i>, Icel. <i>b&ouml;rkr</i>, LG. &amp; HG. <i>borke</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The exterior covering of the trunk and branches of
a tree; the rind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, Peruvian bark.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bark bed</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bark stove</u> (below).</cd> --
<col><b>Bark pit</b></col>, <cd>a pit filled with bark and water, in which
hides are steeped in tanning.</cd> -- <col><b>Bark stove</b></col>
<i>(Hort.)</i>, <cd>a glazed structure for keeping tropical plants, having
a bed of tanner's bark (called a <i>bark bed</i>)  or other fermentable
matter which produces a moist heat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bark</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Barked</u> (b&auml;rkt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Barking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strip the bark from; to
peel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To abrade or rub off any outer covering from; as
to <i>bark</i> one's heel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To girdle. See <u>Girdle</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cover or inclose with bark, or as with bark;
as, to <i>bark</i> the roof of a hut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bark</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>berken</i>, AS.
<i>beorcan</i>; akin to Icel. <i>berkja</i>, and prob. to E. <i>break</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a short, loud, explosive noise with the
vocal organs; -- said of some animals, but especially of dogs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a clamor; to make importunate
outcries.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>bark</i>, and say the Scripture maketh heretics.<BR>
<i>Tyndale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Where there is the <i>barking</i> of the belly, there no
other commands will be heard, much less obeyed.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bark</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The short, loud, explosive
sound uttered by a dog; a similar sound made by some other
animals.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bark</hw>, <hw>Barque</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>barque</i>, fr. Sp. or It. <i>barca</i>, fr. LL. <i>barca</i> for
<i>barica</i>. See <u>Barge</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, any small sailing vessel, as a
pinnace, fishing smack, etc.; also, a rowing boat; a barge. Now applied
poetically to a sailing vessel or boat of any kind.</def>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A three-masted vessel, having her
foremast and mainmast square-rigged, and her mizzenmast schooner-
rigged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bark"an*tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Barkentine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bark" bee`tle</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small beetle of
many species (family <i>Scolytid&aelig;</i>), which in the larval state
bores under or in the bark of trees, often doing great damage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bark"bound`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prevented from
growing, by having the bark too firm or close.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"keep`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who keeps or
tends a bar for the sale of liquors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bark"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of bark.</def>
[Poetic]  <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bark"en*tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bark</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, a vessel.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A threemasted vessel,
having the foremast square-rigged, and the others schooner-rigged. [Spelled
also <i>barquentine</i>, <i>barkantine</i>, etc.] See <i>Illust.</i> in
Append.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bark"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
animal that barks; hence, any one who clamors unreasonably.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who stands at the doors of shops to urg&?;
passers by to make purchases.</def> [Cant, Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pistol.</def> [Slang]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The spotted
redshank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bark"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strips trees of
their bark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bark"er's mill`</hw> (&?;). [From Dr. <i>Barker</i>, the inventor.]
<def>A machine, invented in the 17th century, worked by a form of reaction
wheel. The water flows into a vertical tube and gushes from apertures in
hollow horizontal arms, causing the machine to revolve on its
axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bark"er*y</hw> (-&etilde;r*&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
tanhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bark"ing i`rons</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Instruments used
in taking off the bark of trees.</def>  <i>Gardner.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pair of pistols.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Bark"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
bark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bark" louse`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect of the
family <i>Coccid&aelig;</i>, which infests the bark of trees and
vines.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The wingless females assume the shape of scales. The bark louse
of the vine is <i>Pulvinaria innumerabilis</i>; that of the pear is
<i>Lecanium pyri</i>. See <u>Orange scale</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bark"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with, or
containing, bark.</def> "The <i>barky</i> fingers of the elm."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ley</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>barli</i>,
<i>barlich</i>, AS. <i>b&aelig;rlic</i>; <i>bere</i> barley +
<i>l&imacr;c</i> (which is prob. the same as E. <i>like</i>, adj., or perh.
a form of AS. <i>le&amacr;c</i> leek). AS. <i>bere</i> is akin to Icel,
<i>barr</i> barley, Goth. <i>barizeins</i> made of barley, L. <i>far</i>
spelt; cf. W. <i>barlys</i> barley, <i>bara</i> bread. &?;92. Cf.
<u>Farina</u>, 6th <u>Bear</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A valuable grain, of
the family of grasses, genus <i>Hordeum</i>, used for food, and for making
malt, from which are prepared beer, ale, and whisky.</def></p>

<p><! p. 120 pr=SA !></p>

<p><col><b>Barley bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the siskin.</cd>
-- <col><b>Barley sugar</b></col>, <cd>sugar boiled till it is brittle
(formerly with a decoction of barley) and candied.</cd> -- <col><b>Barley
water</b></col>, <cd>a decoction of barley, used in medicine, as a
nutritive and demulcent.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bar"ley*brake`</hw> <hw>Bar"ley*break`</hw> }
(b&auml;r"l&ybreve;*br&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ancient
rural game, commonly played round stacks of barley, or other grain, in
which some of the party attempt to catch others who run from a
goal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ley-bree`</hw> (-br&emacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Lit. barley
broth. See <u>Brew</u>.] <def>Liquor made from barley; strong ale.</def>
[Humorous] [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ley*corn`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Corn</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A grain or "corn" of barley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formerly , a measure of length, equal to the
average length of a grain of barley; the third part of an inch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>John Barleycorn</b></col>, <cd>a humorous personification of
barley as the source of malt liquor or whisky.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Barm</hw> (b&auml;rm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>berme</i>, AS.
<i>beorma</i>; akin to Sw. <i>b&auml;rma</i>, G. <i>b&auml;rme</i>, and
prob. L. <i>fermentum</i>. &radic;93.] <def>Foam rising upon beer, or other
malt liquors, when fermenting, and used as leaven in making bread and in
brewing; yeast.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Barm</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bearm</i>, <i>berm</i>,
<i>barm</i>, AS. <i>bearm</i>; akin to E. <i>bear</i> to support.] <def>The
lap or bosom.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"maid`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A girl or woman who
attends the customers of a bar, as in a tavern or beershop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bouncing <i>barmaid</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bar"mas`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Berg</i> +
<i>master</i>: cf. G. <i>Bergmeister</i>.] <def>Formerly, a local judge
among miners; now, an officer of the barmote.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Barm"cloth`</hw> (b&auml;rm"kl&obreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Apron.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"me*ci`dal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Barmecide</u>.] <def>Unreal; illusory.</def> "A sort of
<i>Barmecidal</i> feast."  <i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"me*cide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A prince of the
<i>Barmecide</i> family, who, as related in the  "Arabian Nights' Tales",
pretended to set before the hungry Shacabac food, on which the latter
pretended to feast.] <def>One who proffers some illusory advantage or
benefit.  Also used as an <pos><i>adj.</i></pos>: Barmecidal.</def> "A
<i>Barmecide</i> feast."  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"mote`</hw> (b&auml;r"m&omacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Berg</i> + <i>mote</i> meeting.] <def>A court held in Derbyshire, in
England, for deciding controversies between miners.</def>
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Barm"y</hw> (b&auml;rm"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
barm or froth; in a ferment.</def> "<i>Barmy</i> beer."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Barn</hw> (b&auml;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bern</i>, AS.
<i>berern</i>, <i>bern</i>; <i>bere</i> barley + <i>ern</i>,
<i>&aelig;rn</i>, a close place.  &radic;92. See <u>Barley</u>.] <def>A
covered building used chiefly for storing grain, hay, and other productions
of a farm.  In the United States a part of the barn is often used for
stables.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barn owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an owl of Europe and
America (<i>Aluco flammeus</i>, or <i>Strix flammea</i>), which frequents
barns and other buildings.</cd> -- <col><b>Barn swallow</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common American swallow (<i>Hirundo
horreorum</i>), which attaches its nest of mud to the beams and rafters of
barns.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Barn</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lay up in a barn.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men . . . often <i>barn</i> up the chaff, and burn up the
grain.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Barn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A child.</def> [Obs.] See
<u>Bairn</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bar"na*bite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>A member of a religious order, named from St. Barnabas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"na*cle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from E.
<i>barnacle</i> a kind of goose, which was popularly supposed to grow from
this shellfish; but perh. from LL. <i>bernacula</i> for <i>pernacula</i>,
dim. of <i>perna</i> ham, sea mussel; cf. Gr. <grk>pe`rna</grk> ham.  Cf.
F. <i>bernacle</i>, <i>barnacle</i>, E. <i>barnacle</i> a goose; and Ir.
<i>bairneach</i>, <i>barneach</i>, limpet.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
cirriped crustacean adhering to rocks, floating timber, ships, etc., esp.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> the sessile species (genus <i>Balanus</i> and allies),
and <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> the stalked or goose barnacles (genus <i>Lepas</i>
and allies). See <u>Cirripedia</u>, and <u>Goose barnacle</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barnacle eater</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the orange
filefish.</cd> -- <col><b>Barnacle scale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a bark louse (<i>Ceroplastes cirripediformis</i>) of the orange and
quince trees in Florida.  The female scale curiously resembles a sessile
barnacle in form.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bar"na*cle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bernicle</u>.] <def>A
bernicle goose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"na*cle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bernak</i>,
<i>bernacle</i>; cf. OF. <i>bernac</i>, and Prov. F. (Berri)
<i>berniques</i>, spectacles.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>An instrument for pinching a horse's nose, and thus restraining
him.</def> [Formerly used in the <pos><i>sing.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>barnacles</i> . . . give pain almost equal to that of
the switch.</blockquote>  <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Spectacles; -- so called from their
resemblance to the barnacles used by farriers.</def> [Cant, Eng.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Barn"yard`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yard belonging to
a barn.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*roc"co</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>See <u>Baroque</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"o*graph</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ba`ros</grk>
weight + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>An instrument for recording
automatically the variations of atmospheric pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*ro"ko</hw> (b&adot;*r&omacr;"k&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A
mnemonic word.] <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A form or mode of syllogism of which
the first proposition is a universal affirmative, and the other two are
particular negatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*rol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>baros</grk>
weight + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of weight or gravity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar`o*ma*crom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>baros</grk> weight + <grk>makro`s</grk> long + <i>-meter</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument for ascertaining the weight and length of
a newborn infant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*rom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>baros</grk>
weight + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>barom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument
for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere, and hence for
judging of the probable changes of weather, or for ascertaining the height
of any ascent.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The barometer was invented by Torricelli at Florence about 1643.
It is made in its simplest form by filling a graduated glass tube about 34
inches long with mercury and inverting it in a cup containing mercury. The
column of mercury in the tube descends until balanced by the weight of the
atmosphere, and its rise or fall under varying conditions is a measure of
the change in the atmospheric pressure. At the sea level its ordinary
height is about 30 inches (760 millimeters). See <u>Sympiesometer</u>.
<i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Aneroid barometer</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Aneroid barometer</i>,
under <u>Aneroid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Marine barometer</b></col>, <cd>a
barometer with tube contracted at bottom to prevent rapid oscillations of
the mercury, and suspended in gimbals from an arm or support on
shipboard.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain barometer</b></col>, <cd>a portable
mercurial barometer with tripod support, and long scale, for measuring
heights.</cd> -- <col><b>Siphon barometer</b></col>, <cd>a barometer having
a tube bent like a hook with the longer leg closed at the top. The height
of the mercury in the longer leg shows the pressure of the atmosphere.</cd>
-- <col><b>Wheel barometer</b></col>, <cd>a barometer with recurved tube,
and a float, from which a cord passes over a pulley and moves an
index.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bar`o*met"ric</hw> (b&abreve;r`&osl;*m&ebreve;t"r&ibreve;k),
<hw>Bar`o*met"ric*al</hw> (-m&ebreve;t"r&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the barometer; made or indicated by
a barometer; as, <i>barometric</i> changes; <i>barometrical</i>
observations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar`o*met"ric*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By means of a
barometer, or according to barometric observations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar`o*met"ro*graph</hw> (-r&osl;*gr&adot;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>baros</grk> weight + <grk>me`tron</grk> measure + <i>-graph</i>.]
<def>A form of barometer so constructed as to inscribe of itself upon paper
a record of the variations of atmospheric pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*rom"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
process of making barometrical measurements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"o*metz</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Russ.
<i>baranets'</i> clubmoss.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The woolly-skinned rhizoma
or rootstock of a fern (<i>Dicksonia barometz</i>), which, when specially
prepared and inverted, somewhat resembles a lamb; -- called also
<i>Scythian lamb</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>baron</i>,
<i>barun</i>, OF. <i>baron</i>, accus. of <i>ber</i>, F. <i>baron</i>,
prob. fr. OHG. <i>baro</i> (not found) bearer, akin to E. <i>bear</i> to
support; cf. O. Frisian <i>bere</i>, LL. <i>baro</i>, It. <i>barone</i>,
Sp. <i>varon</i>. From the meaning <i>bearer</i> (of burdens) seem to have
come the senses <i>strong man</i>, <i>man</i> (in distinction from woman),
which is the oldest meaning in French, and lastly, <i>nobleman</i>.  Cf. L.
<i>baro</i>, simpleton. See <u>Bear</u> to support.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A title or degree of nobility; originally, the
possessor of a fief, who had feudal tenants under him; in modern times, in
France and Germany, a nobleman next in rank below a count; in England, a
nobleman of the lowest grade in the House of Lords, being next below a
viscount.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "The tenants in chief from the Crown, who held lands of the
annual value of four hundred pounds, were styled <i>Barons</i>; and it is
to them, and not to the members of the lowest grade of the nobility (to
whom the title at the present time belongs), that reference is made when we
read of the Barons of the early days of England's history.  . . . Barons
are addressed as &lsquo;My Lord,' and are styled &lsquo;Right Honorable.'
All their sons and daughters are &lsquo;Honorable.'"  <i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>A husband; as, <i>baron</i> and
<i>feme</i>, husband and wife.</def> [R.]  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Baron of beef</b></col>, <cd>two sirloins not cut asunder at the
backbone.</cd> -- <col><b>Barons of the Cinque Ports</b></col>,
<cd>formerly members of the House of Commons, elected by the seven Cinque
Ports, two for each port.</cd> -- <col><b>Barons of the
exchequer</b></col>, <cd>the judges of the Court of Exchequer, one of the
three ancient courts of England, now abolished.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bar"on*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>barnage</i>,
<i>baronage</i>, OF. <i>barnage</i>, F. <i>baronnage</i>; cf. LL.
<i>baronagium</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The whole body of barons or
peers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>baronage</i> of the kingdom.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dignity or rank of a baron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The land which gives title to a baron.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"on*ess</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A baron's wife;
also, a lady who holds the baronial title in her own right; as, the
<i>Baroness</i> Burdett-Coutts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"on*et</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Baron</i> + <i>-
et</i>.] <def>A dignity or degree of honor next below a baron and above a
knight, having precedency of all orders of knights except those of the
Garter. It is the lowest degree of honor that is hereditary. The baronets
are commoners.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The order was founded by James I. in 1611, and is given by
patent. The word, however, in the sense of a <i>lesser</i> baron, was in
use long before. "Baronets have the title of 'Sir' prefixed to their
Christian names; their surnames being followed by their dignity, usually
abbreviated <i>Bart</i>. Their wives are addressed as 'Lady' or 'Madam'.
Their sons are possessed of no title beyond 'Esquire.'"
<i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"on*et*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>State or rank of a baronet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of baronets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"on*et*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rank or
patent of a baronet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*ro"ni*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
baron or a barony.</def> "<i>Baronial</i> tenure."  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Baronies</b></plw> (&?;). [OF. <i>baronie</i>, F. <i>baronnie</i>,
LL. <i>baronia</i>. See <u>Baron</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fee or
domain of a baron; the lordship, dignity, or rank of a baron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In Ireland, a territorial division,
corresponding nearly to the English <i>hundred</i>, and supposed to have
been originally the district of a native chief. There are 252 of these
baronies. In Scotland, an extensive freehold. It may be held by a
commoner.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba*roque"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.; cf. It.
<i>barocco</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>In bad taste; grotesque;
odd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"o*scope</hw> (b&abreve;r"&osl;*sk&omacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>baros</grk> weight + <i>-scope</i>:  cf. F. <i>baroscope</i>.]
<def>Any instrument showing the changes in the weight of the atmosphere;
also, less appropriately, any instrument that indicates or foreshadows
changes of the weather, as a deep vial of liquid holding in suspension some
substance which rises and falls with atmospheric changes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bar`o*scop"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bar`o*scop"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or determined by, the
baroscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*rouche"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>barutsche</i>,
It. <i>baroccio</i>, <i>biroccio</i>, LL. <i>barrotium</i>, fr. L.
<i>birotus</i> two-wheeled; <i>bi- =bis</i> twice + <i>rota</i> wheel.]
<def>A four-wheeled carriage, with a falling top, a seat on the outside for
the driver, and two double seats on the inside arranged so that the sitters
on the front seat face those on the back seat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba`rou*chet"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of light
barouche.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"post`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A post sunk in the
ground to receive the bars closing a passage into a field.</def></p>

<p><hw>Barque</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as 3d <u>Bark</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ra*can</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>baracan</i>,
<i>bouracan</i> (cf. Pr. <i>barracan</i>, It. <i>baracane</i>, Sp.
<i>barragan</i>, Pg. <i>barregana</i>, LL. <i>barracanus</i>), fr. Ar.
<i>barrak&amacr;n</i> a kind of black gown, perh. fr. Per. <i>barak</i> a
garment made of camel's hair.] <def>A thick, strong stuff, somewhat like
camlet; -- still used for outer garments in the Levant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"rack</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>baraque</i>, fr.
It. <i>baracca</i> (cf. Sp. <i>barraca</i>), from LL. <i>barra</i> bar. See
<u>Bar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A building for soldiers,
especially when in garrison. Commonly in the <i>pl.</i>, originally meaning
temporary huts, but now usually applied to a permanent structure or set of
buildings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He lodged in a miserable hut or <i>barrack</i>, composed of
dry branches and thatched with straw.<BR>
<i>Gibbon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A movable roof sliding on four posts, to cover
hay, straw, etc.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"rack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply with barracks;
to establish in barracks; as, to <i>barrack</i> troops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"rack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To live or lodge in
barracks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ra*clade</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>baar</i>, OD.
<i>baer</i>, naked, bare + <i>kleed</i> garment, <i>i.e.</i>, cloth
undressed or without nap.] <def>A home-made woolen blanket without
nap.</def> [Local, New York]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ra*coon`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. or Pg.
<i>barraca</i>. See <u>Barrack</u>.] <def>A slave warehouse, or an
inclosure where slaves are quartered temporarily.</def>  <i>Du
Chaillu.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bar`ra*cu"da</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bar`ra*cou"ta</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
voracious, pikelike, marine fish, of the genus <i>Sphyr&aelig;na</i>,
sometimes used as food.</def></p>

<p>&fist; That of Europe and our Atlantic coast is <i>Sphyr&aelig;na
spet</i> (or <i>S. vulgaris</i>); a southern species is <i>S. picuda</i>;
the Californian is <i>S. argentea</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large edible fresh-water
fish of Australia and New Zealand (<i>Thyrsites atun</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"rage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>barrer</i> to
bar, from <i>barre</i> bar.] <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>An artificial bar or
obstruction placed in a river or watercourse to increase the depth of
water; as, the <i>barrages</i> of the Nile.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bar*ran"ca</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A ravine
caused by heavy rains or a watercourse.</def> [Texas &amp; N. Mex.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bar"ras</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A resin, called
also <i>galipot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ra*tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>baratour</i>,
OF. <i>barateor</i> deceiver, fr. OF. <i>barater</i>, <i>bareter</i>, to
deceive, cheat, barter. See <u>Barter</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>One guilty of barratry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ra*trous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Tainted with, or constituting, barratry.</def> --
<wf>Bar"ra*trous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ra*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>baraterie</i>, LL. <i>barataria</i>. See <u>Barrator</u>, and cf.
<u>Bartery</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The practice of
exciting and encouraging lawsuits and quarrels.</def> [Also spelt
<i>barretry</i>.]  <i>Coke. Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mar. Law)</i> <def>A fraudulent breach of duty or
willful act of known illegality on the part of a master of a ship, in his
character of master, or of the mariners, to the injury of the owner of the
ship or cargo, and without his consent. It includes every breach of trust
committed with dishonest purpose, as by running away with the ship, sinking
or deserting her, etc., or by embezzling the cargo.</def>  <i>Kent.
Park.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The crime of a judge who is
influenced by bribery in pronouncing judgment.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Barred" owl"</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large American
owl (<i>Syrnium nebulosum</i>); -- so called from the transverse bars of a
dark brown color on the breast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"rel</hw> (b&abreve;r"r&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>barel</i>, F. <i>baril</i>, prob. fr. <i>barre</i> bar. Cf.
<u>Barricade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A round vessel or cask, of
greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves
bound with hoops, and having flat ends or heads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quantity which constitutes a full barrel.
This varies for different articles and also in different places for the
same article, being regulated by custom or by law. A barrel of wine is
31&frac12; gallons; a barrel of flour is 196 pounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A solid drum, or a hollow cylinder or case; as,
the <i>barrel</i> of a windlass; the <i>barrel</i> of a watch, within which
the spring is coiled.</def></p>

<p><! p. 121 pr=SA !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A metallic tube, as of a gun, from which a
projectile is discharged.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A jar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>1 Kings xvii.
12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hollow basal part of a
feather.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barrel bulk</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a measure equal to five
cubic feet, used in estimating capacity, as of a vessel for freight.</cd> -
- <col><b>Barrel drain</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a drain in the form of
a cylindrical tube.</cd> -- <col><b>Barrel of a boiler</b></col>, <cd>the
cylindrical part of a boiler, containing the flues.</cd> -- <col><b>Barrel
of the ear</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the tympanum, or tympanic
cavity.</cd> -- <col><b>Barrel organ</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for
producing music by the action of a revolving cylinder.</cd> --
<col><b>Barrel vault</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Vault</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bar"rel</hw> (b&abreve;r"r&ebreve;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Barreled</u> (-r&ebreve;ld), or
<u>Barrelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Barreling</u>, or
<u>Barrelling</u>.] <def>To put or to pack in a barrel or
barrels.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bar"reled</hw>, <hw>Bar"relled</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a barrel; -- used in composition; as, a double-<i>barreled</i>
gun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ren</hw> (b&abreve;r"r<i>e</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>barein</i>, OF. <i>brehaing</i>, fem. <i>brehaigne</i>, <i>baraigne</i>,
F. <i>br&eacute;haigne</i>; of uncertain origin; cf. Arm.
<i>br&eacute;kha&ntilde;</i>, <i>markha&ntilde;</i>, sterile; LL.
<i>brana</i> a sterile mare, principally in Aquitanian and Spanish
documents; Bisc. <i>barau</i>, <i>baru</i>, fasting.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Incapable of producing offspring; producing no young; sterile; -- said
of women and female animals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She was <i>barren</i> of children.</blockquote>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not producing vegetation, or useful vegetation;
sterile.</def> "<i>Barren</i> mountain tracts."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unproductive; fruitless; unprofitable;
empty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brilliant but <i>barren</i> reveries.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Some schemes will appear <i>barren</i> of hints and
matter.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mentally dull; stupid.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Barren flower</b></col>, <cd>a flower which has only stamens
without a pistil, or which has neither stamens nor pistils.</cd> --
<col><b>Barren Grounds</b></col> <i>(Geog.)</i>, <cd>a vast tract in
British America northward of the forest regions.</cd> -- <col><b>Barren
Ground bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a peculiar bear, inhabiting
the Barren Grounds, now believed to be a variety of the brown bear of
Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Barren Ground caribou</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small reindeer (<i>Rangifer
Gr&oelig;nlandicus</i>) peculiar to the Barren Grounds and
Greenland.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ren</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tract
of barren land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Elevated lands or plains on which
grow small trees, but not timber; as, pine <i>barrens</i>; oak
<i>barrens</i>. They are not necessarily sterile, and are often
fertile.</def> [Amer.]  <i>J. Pickering.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ren*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Unfruitfully;
unproductively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ren*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of being
barren; sterility; unproductiveness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A total <i>barrenness</i> of invention.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ren*wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
herbaceous plant of the Barberry family (<i>Epimedium alpinum</i>), having
leaves that are bitter and said to be sudorific.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ret</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>barrette</i>, LL.
<i>barretum</i> a cap. See <u>Berretta</u>, and cf. <u>Biretta</u>.] <def>A
kind of cap formerly worn by soldiers; -- called also <i>barret cap</i>.
Also, the flat cap worn by Roman Catholic ecclesiastics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar`ri*cade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>barricade</i>,
fr. Sp. <i>barricada</i>, orig. a barring up with casks; fr. <i>barrica</i>
cask, perh. fr. LL. <i>barra</i> bar. See <u>Bar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>Barrel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A fortification, made in haste, of
trees, earth, palisades, wagons, or anything that will obstruct the
progress or attack of an enemy. It is usually an obstruction formed in
streets to block an enemy's access.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any bar, obstruction, or means of
defense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a <i>barricade</i> as would greatly annoy, or
absolutely stop, the currents of the atmosphere.<BR>
<i>Derham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bar`ri*cade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Barricaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Barricading</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>barricader</i>. See <u>Barricade</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To fortify or close with a barricade or with
barricades; to stop up, as a passage; to obstruct; as, the workmen
<i>barricaded</i> the streets of Paris.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The further end whereof [a bridge] was <i>barricaded</i>
with barrels.<BR>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bar`ri*cad"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
constructs barricades.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar`ri*ca"do</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Barricade</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ri*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>barrere</i>,
<i>barere</i>, F. <i>barri&egrave;re</i>, fr. <i>barre</i> bar. See
<u>Bar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A
carpentry obstruction, stockade, or other obstacle made in a passage in
order to stop an enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fortress or fortified town, on the frontier of
a country, commanding an avenue of approach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A fence or railing to mark the limits
of a place, or to keep back a crowd.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No sooner were the <i>barriers</i> opened, than he paced
into the lists.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any obstruction; anything which hinders approach
or attack.</def> "Constitutional <i>barriers</i>."  <i>Hopkinson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any limit or boundary; a line of
separation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'Twixt that [instinct] and reason, what a nice
<i>barrier</i>!<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Barrier gate</b></col>, <cd>a heavy gate to close the opening
through a barrier.</cd> -- <col><b>Barrier reef</b></col>, <cd>a form of
coral reef which runs in the general direction of the shore, and incloses a
lagoon channel more or less extensive.</cd> -- <col><b>To fight at
barriers</b></col>, <cd>to fight with a barrier between, as a martial
exercise.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bar`ri*gu"do</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name, fr.
Sp. <i>barrigudo</i> big-bellied.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, dark-
colored, South American monkey, of the genus <i>Lagothrix</i>, having a
long prehensile tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar`ring*out"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
closing the doors of a schoolroom against a schoolmaster; -- a boyish mode
of rebellion in schools.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ris*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Bar</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Counselor at law; a counsel admitted to plead at
the bar, and undertake the public trial of causes, as distinguished from an
attorney or solicitor. See <u>Attorney</u>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bar"room`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room containing a
bar or counter at which liquors are sold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"row</hw> (b&abreve;r"r&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>barow</i>, fr. AS. <i>beran</i> to bear. See <u>Bear</u> to support, and
cf. <u>Bier</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A support having handles, and
with or without a wheel, on which heavy or bulky things can be transported
by hand. See <u>Handbarrow</u>, and <u>Wheelbarrow</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Salt Works)</i> <def>A wicker case, in which salt
is put to drain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"row</hw> (b&abreve;r"r&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>barow</i>, <i>bargh</i>, AS. <i>bearg</i>, <i>bearh</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>b&ouml;rgr</i>, OHG. <i>barh</i>, <i>barug</i>, G. <i>barch</i>.
&radic;95.] <def>A hog, esp. a male hog castrated.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"row</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bergh</i>, AS.
<i>beorg</i>, <i>beorh</i>, hill, sepulchral mound; akin to G. <i>berg</i>
mountain, Goth. <i>bairgahei</i> hill, hilly country, and perh. to Skr.
<i>b&rsdot;hant</i> high, OIr. <i>brigh</i> mountain.  Cf. <u>Berg</u>,
<u>Berry</u> a mound, and <u>Borough</u> an incorporated town.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large mound of earth or stones over the remains
of the dead; a tumulus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A heap of rubbish, attle,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"row*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A
follower of Henry Barrowe, one of the founders of Independency or
Congregationalism in England. Barrowe was executed for nonconformity in
1593.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ru*let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>bar</i>, n.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A diminutive of the bar, having one fourth its
width.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ru*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Traversed by barrulets or small bars; -- said of the field.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Divided
into bars; -- said of the field.</def></p>

<p><hw>Barse</hw> (b&auml;rs), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bears</i>,
<i>b&aelig;rs</i>, akin to D. <i>baars</i>, G. <i>bars</i>, <i>barsch</i>.
Cf. 1st <u>Bass</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The common perch. See 1st
<u>Bass</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"tend`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
barkeeper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ter</hw> (b&auml;r"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bartered</u> (-t&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bartering</u>.] [OE. <i>bartren</i>, OF.
<i>barater</i>, <i>bareter</i>, to cheat, exchange, perh. fr. Gr.
<grk>pra`ttein</grk> to do, deal (well or ill), use practices or tricks, or
perh. fr. Celtic; cf. Ir. <i>brath</i> treachery, W. <i>brad</i>. Cf.
<u>Barrator</u>.] <def>To traffic or trade, by exchanging one commodity for
another, in distinction from a <i>sale</i> and <i>purchase</i>, in which
money is paid for the commodities transferred; to truck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To trade or exchange in
the way of barter; to exchange (frequently for an unworthy consideration);
to traffic; to truck; -- sometimes followed by <i>away</i>; as, to
<i>barter</i> away goods or honor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or practice of trafficking by exchange of commodities; an exchange of
goods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The spirit of huckstering and <i>barter</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing given in exchange.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Exchange; dealing; traffic; trade; truck.</p>

<p><hw>Bar"ter*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
barters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ter*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Barter.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Barth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. unknown.] <def>A
place of shelter for cattle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar*thol"o*mew tide`</hw> (&?;). <def>Time of the festival of St.
Bartholomew, August 24th.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ti*zan`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Brettice</u>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small, overhanging structure for lookout or defense,
usually projecting at an angle of a building or near an entrance
gateway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bart"lett</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Bartlett pear, a favorite kind of pear, which originated in England about
1770, and was called <i>Williams' Bonchr&eacute;tien</i>. It was brought to
America, and distributed by Mr. Enoch Bartlett, of Dorchester,
Massachusetts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ton</hw> (b&auml;r"t&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>beret&umacr;n</i> courtyard, grange; <i>bere</i> barley +
<i>t&umacr;n</i> an inclosure.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The demesne lands
of a manor; also, the manor itself.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A farmyard.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"tram</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Bertram</u>.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bar"way`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A passage into a
field or yard, closed by bars made to take out of the posts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"wise`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Horizontally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"wood`</hw> (-w&oocr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A red wood of
a leguminous tree (<i>Baphia nitida</i>), from Angola and the Gabon in
Africa.  It is used as a dyewood, and also for ramrods, violin bows and
turner's work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar`y*cen"tric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>bary`s</grk> heavy + <grk>ke`ntron</grk> center.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the center of gravity. See <i>Barycentric calculus</i>, under
<u>Calculus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*ryph"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>bary`s</grk>
heavy + <grk>fwnh`</grk> a sound, voice.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Difficulty of
speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*ry"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>bary`s</grk>
heavy. Cf. <u>Baria</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oxide of barium (or
barytum); a heavy earth with a specific gravity above 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*ry"tes</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>bary`s</grk>
heavy:  cf. Gr. <grk>bary`ths</grk> heaviness, F. <i>baryte</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Barium sulphate, generally called <i>heavy spar</i> or
<i>barite</i>. See <u>Barite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*ryt"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
baryta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*ry"to-cal"cite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Baryta</i> +
<i>calcite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a white or gray color,
occurring massive or crystallized. It is a compound of the carbonates of
barium and calcium.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bar"y*tone</hw>, <hw>Bar"i*tone</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>bary`tonos</grk>; <grk>bary`s</grk> heavy +
<grk>to`nos</grk> tone.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Grave and
deep, as a kind of male voice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Greek Gram.)</i> <def>Not marked with an accent
on the last syllable, the grave accent being understood.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bar"y*tone</hw>, <hw>Bar"i*tone</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>baryton</i>: cf. It. <i>baritono</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A male voice, the compass of which partakes of the
common bass and the tenor, but which does not descend as low as the one,
nor rise as high as the other.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A person
having a voice of such range.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The viola di
gamba, now entirely disused.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Greek Gram.)</i> <def>A word which has no accent
marked on the last syllable, the grave accent being understood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*ry"tum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The metal barium. See <u>Barium</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"sal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to, or
forming, the base.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Basal cleavage</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cleavage</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Basal plane</b></col> <i>(Crystallog.)</i>, <cd>one parallel to the
lateral or horizontal axis.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ba"sal-nerved`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the nerves radiating from the base; -- said of
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*salt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>basaltes</i> (an
African word), a dark and hard species of marble found in Ethiopia: cf. F.
<i>basalte</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A rock of igneous
origin, consisting of augite and triclinic feldspar, with grains of
magnetic or titanic iron, and also bottle-green particles of olivine
frequently disseminated.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is usually of a greenish black color, or of some dull brown
shade, or black. It constitutes immense beds in some regions, and also
occurs in veins or dikes cutting through other rocks. It has often a
prismatic structure as at the Giant's Causeway, in Ireland, where the
columns are as regular as if the work of art. It is a very tough and heavy
rock, and is one of the best materials for macadamizing roads.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An imitation, in pottery, of natural basalt; a
kind of black porcelain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*salt"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>basaltique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to basalt; formed of, or containing,
basalt; as <i>basaltic</i> lava.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*salt"i*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Basalt</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>In the form of basalt; columnar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*salt"oid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Basalt</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Formed like basalt; basaltiform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Basil</u>, a
sheepskin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"a*nite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>basanites</i>
lapis, Gr. <grk>ba`sanos</grk> the touchstone: cf. F. <i>basanite</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Lydian stone, or black jasper, a variety of siliceous or
flinty slate, of a grayish or bluish black color. It is employed to test
the purity of gold, the amount of alloy being indicated by the color left
on the stone when rubbed by the metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bas`bleu"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>bas</i>
stocking + <i>bleu</i> blue.] <def>A bluestocking; a literary woman.</def>
[Somewhat derisive]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"ci*net</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bacinet</i>,
<i>basnet</i>, OF. <i>bassinet</i>, <i>bacinet</i>, F. <i>bassinet</i>,
dim. of OF. <i>bacin</i>, F. <i>bassin</i>, a helmet in the form of a
basin.] <def>A light helmet, at first open, but later made with a
visor.</def>  [Written also <i>basinet</i>, <i>bassinet</i>,
<i>basnet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"cule</hw> (b&abreve;s"k&usl;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a
seesaw.] <def>In mechanics, an apparatus on the principle of the seesaw, in
which one end rises as the other falls.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bascule bridge</b></col>, <cd>a counterpoise or balanced
drawbridge, which is opened by sinking the counterpoise and thus lifting
the footway into the air.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Base</hw> (b&amacr;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bass</i>, F.
<i>bas</i>, low, fr. LL. <i>bassus</i> thick, fat, short, humble; cf. L.
<i>Bassus</i>, a proper name, and W. <i>bas</i> shallow. Cf. <u>Bass</u> a
part in music.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of little, or less than the usual,
height; of low growth; as, <i>base</i> shrubs.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Low in place or position.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of humble birth; or low degree; lowly;
mean.</def> [Archaic] "A peasant and <i>base</i> swain."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Illegitimate by birth; bastard.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Why bastard? wherefore <i>base</i>?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Of little comparative value, as metal inferior
to gold and silver, the precious metals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Alloyed with inferior metal; debased; as,
<i>base</i> coin; <i>base</i> bullion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Morally low. Hence: Low-minded; unworthy;
without dignity of sentiment; ignoble; mean; illiberal; menial; as, a
<i>base</i> fellow; <i>base</i> motives; <i>base</i> occupations.</def> "A
cruel act of a <i>base</i> and a cowardish mind." <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia).</i> "<i>Base</i> ingratitude."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Not classical or correct.</def> "<i>Base</i>
Latin."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Deep or grave in sound; as, the <i>base</i> tone
of a violin.</def> [In this sense, commonly written <i>bass.</i>]</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Not held by honorable service; as,
a <i>base</i> estate, one held by services not honorable; held by
villenage. Such a tenure is called <i>base</i>, or low, and the tenant, a
<i>base</i> tenant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Base fee</b></col>, <cd>formerly, an estate held at the will of
the lord; now, a qualified fee. See note under <u>Fee</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Base metal</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Metal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dishonorable; worthless; ignoble; low-minded; infamous;
sordid; degraded.  -- <u>Base</u>, <u>Vile</u>, <u>Mean</u>. These words,
as expressing moral qualities, are here arranged in the order of their
strength, the strongest being placed first. <i>Base</i> marks a high degree
of moral turpitude; <i>vile</i> and <i>mean</i> denote, in different
degrees, the want of what is valuable or worthy of esteem. What is
<i>base</i> excites our abhorrence; what is <i>vile</i> provokes our
disgust or indignation; what is <i>mean</i> awakens contempt. <i>Base</i>
is opposed to high-minded; <i>vile</i>, to noble; <i>mean</i>, to liberal
or generous. Ingratitude is <i>base</i>; sycophancy is <i>vile</i>; undue
compliances are <i>mean</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Base</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>base</i>, L. <i>basis</i>,
fr. Gr. <grk>ba`sis</grk> a stepping, step, a base, pedestal, fr.
<grk>bai`nein</grk> to go, step, akin to E. <i>come</i>. Cf. <u>Basis</u>,
and see <u>Come</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The bottom of anything,
considered as its support, or that on which something rests for support;
the foundation; as, the <i>base</i> of a statue.</def> "The <i>base</i> of
mighty mountains."  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The fundamental or essential part of a
thing; the essential principle; a groundwork.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The lower
part of a wall, pier, or column, when treated as a separate feature,
usually in projection, or especially ornamented.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The lower part of a complete architectural design, as of a monument;
also, the lower part of any elaborate piece of furniture or
decoration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That extremity of a leaf, fruit,
etc., at which it is attached to its support.</def></p>

<p><! p. 122 pr=SA !></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The positive, or non-acid
component of a salt; a substance which, combined with an acid, neutralizes
the latter and forms a salt; -- applied also to the hydroxides of the
positive elements or radicals, and to certain organic bodies resembling
them in their property of forming salts with acids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Pharmacy)</i> <def>The chief ingredient in a
compound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Dyeing)</i> <def>A substance used as a
mordant.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The exterior side of the polygon,
or that imaginary line which connects the salient angles of two adjacent
bastions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The line or surface constituting
that part of a figure on which it is supposed to stand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The number from which a
mathematical table is constructed; as, the <i>base</i> of a system of
logarithms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> [See <u>Base</u> low.] <def>A low, or deep, sound.
<i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The lowest part; the deepest male voice.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> One who sings, or the instrument which plays,
base.</def>  [Now commonly written <i>bass</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The trebles squeak for fear, the <i>bases</i> roar.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A place or tract of country,
protected by fortifications, or by natural advantages, from which the
operations of an army proceed, forward movements are made, supplies are
furnished, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The smallest kind of
cannon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>That part of an organ by
which it is attached to another more central organ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The basal plane of a
crystal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The ground mass of a rock,
especially if not distinctly crystalline.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The lower part of the field. See
<u>Escutcheon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <def>The housing of a horse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A kind of skirt (often of velvet or
brocade, but sometimes of mailed armor) which hung from the middle to about
the knees, or lower.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>20.</b></sn> <def>The lower part of a robe or petticoat.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>21.</b></sn> <def>An apron.</def> [Obs.]  "Bakers in their linen
<i>bases</i>."  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>22.</b></sn> <def>The point or line from which a start is made; a
starting place or a goal in various games.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To their appointed <i>base</i> they went.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>23.</b></sn> <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>A line in a survey which, being
accurately determined in length and position, serves as the origin from
which to compute the distances and positions of any points or objects
connected with it by a system of triangles.</def>  <i>Lyman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>24.</b></sn> <def>A rustic play; -- called also <i>prisoner's
base</i>, <i>prison base</i>, or <i>bars</i>.</def> "To run the country
<i>base</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>25.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>Any one of the four bounds
which mark the circuit of the infield.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Altern base</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Altern</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Attic base</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Attic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Base course</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The first or lower course of a foundation wall,
made of large stones or a mass of concrete; -- called also <i>foundation
course</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The architectural member forming the
transition between the basement and the wall above.</cd> -- <col><b>Base
hit</b></col> <i>(Baseball)</i>, <cd>a hit, by which the batsman, without
any error on the part of his opponents, is able to reach the first base
without being put out.</cd> -- <col><b>Base line</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A main line taken as a base, as in surveying or in
military operations.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A line traced round a
cannon at the rear of the vent.</cd> -- <col><b>Base plate</b></col>,
<cd>the foundation plate of heavy machinery, as of the steam engine; the
bed plate.</cd> -- <col><b>Base ring</b></col> <i>(Ordnance)</i>, <cd>a
projecting band of metal around the breech, connected with the body of the
gun by a concave molding.</cd>  <i>H. L. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Base</hw> (b&amacr;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Based</u> (b&amacr;sd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Basing</u>.] [From <u>Base</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To put on a
base or basis; to lay the foundation of; to found, as an argument or
conclusion; -- used with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Base</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Base</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Abase</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
abase; to let, or cast, down; to lower.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If any . . . <i>based</i> his pike.<BR>
<i>Sir T. North.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce the value of; to debase.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Metals which we can not <i>base</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Base"ball"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A game of ball, so called from the bases or bounds (four in number)
which designate the circuit which each player must endeavor to make after
striking the ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The ball used in this game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Base"board</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
board, or other woodwork, carried round the walls of a room and touching
the floor, to form a base and protect the plastering; -- also called
<i>washboard</i> (in England), <i>mopboard</i>, and
<i>scrubboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Base"born`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Born out of wedlock.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Born of low parentage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Vile; mean.</def> "Thy <i>baseborn</i> heart."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Base"-burn`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A furnace or
stove in which the fuel is contained in a hopper or chamber, and is fed to
the fire as the lower stratum is consumed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Base"-court`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>basse-cour</i>.
See <u>Base</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Court</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The secondary, inferior, or
rear courtyard of a large house; the outer court of a castle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An inferior court of law, not of
record.</def></p>

<p><hw>Based</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a base, or having as a base; supported; as,
broad-<i>based</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <u>Base</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 18-21.]
<def>Wearing, or protected by, bases.</def> [Obs.]  "<i>Based</i> in lawny
velvet."  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba"se*dow's dis*ease"</hw> (&?;). [Named for Dr. <i>Basedow</i>, a
German physician.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease characterized by
enlargement of the thyroid gland, prominence of the eyeballs, and
inordinate action of the heart; -- called also <i>exophthalmic
goiter</i>.</def>  <i>Flint.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bas"e*lard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>baselarde</i>,
LL. <i>basillardus</i>.] <def>A short sword or dagger, worn in the
fifteenth century.</def>  [Written also <i>baslard</i>.]
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Base"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a base; having no
foundation or support.</def> "The <i>baseless</i> fabric of this vision."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Base"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a
base manner; with despicable meanness; dishonorably; shamefully.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Illegitimately; in bastardy.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Base"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>soubassement</i>.
Of uncertain origin. Cf. <u>Base</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Bastion</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The outer wall of the ground story of
a building, or of a part of that story, when treated as a distinct
substructure. (See <u>Base</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.) Hence: The rooms of a ground floor,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Basement membrane</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a delicate
membrane composed of a single layer of flat cells, forming the substratum
upon which, in many organs, the epithelioid cells are disposed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Base"ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being base; degradation; vileness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I once did hold it a <i>baseness</i> to write fair.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bas"e*net</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bascinet</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Base" vi`ol</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Bass viol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bash</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>baschen</i>,
<i>baissen</i>. See <u>Abash</u>.] <def>To abash; to disconcert or be
disconcerted or put out of countenance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His countenance was bold and <i>bashed</i> not.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ba*shaw"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pasha</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Turkish title of honor, now written <i>pasha</i>.
See <u>Pasha</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A magnate or grandee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large siluroid fish
(<i>Leptops olivaris</i>) of the Mississippi valley; -- also called
<i>goujon</i>, <i>mud cat</i>, and <i>yellow cat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bash"ful</hw> (b&abreve;sh"f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Bash</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abashed; daunted; dismayed.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very modest, or modest to excess;
constitutionally disposed to shrink from public notice; indicating extreme
or excessive modesty; shy; as, a <i>bashful</i> person, action,
expression.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diffident; retiring; reserved; shamefaced; sheepish.</p>

<p><hw>Bash"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a bashful
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bash"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
bashful.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Bashfulness</u>, <u>Modesty</u>, <u>Diffidence</u>,
<u>Shyness</u>.  <i>Modesty</i> arises from a low estimate of ourselves;
<i>bashfulness</i> is an <i>abashment</i> or agitation of the spirits at
coming into contact with others; <i>diffidence</i> is produced by an undue
degree of self-distrust; <i>shyness</i> usually arises from an excessive
self-consciousness, and a painful impression that every one is looking at
us. <i>Modesty</i> of deportment is becoming in all; <i>bashfulness</i>
often gives rise to mistakes and blundering; <i>diffidence</i> in society
frequently makes a man a burden to himself; <i>shyness</i> usually produces
a reserve or distance which is often mistaken for haughtiness.</p>

<p><hw>||Bash"i-ba*zouk"</hw> (b&abreve;sh"&ibreve;*b&adot;*z&oomac;k"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turkish, light-headed, a foolish fellow.] <def>A
soldier belonging to the irregular troops of the Turkish army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bash"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shameless;
unblushing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bas"hyle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Basyle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"si-</hw> (&?;). <def>A combining form, especially in anatomical
and botanical words, to indicate <i>the base</i> or <i>position at or near
a base</i>; <i>forming a base</i>; <i>as</i>, <i>basi</i>branchials, the
most ventral of the cartilages or bones of the branchial arches;
<i>basi</i>cranial, situated at the base of the cranium; <i>basi</i>facial,
<i>basi</i>temporal, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"sic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Relating to a base; performing the
office of a base in a salt.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having the base
in excess, or the amount of the base atomically greater than that of the
acid, or exceeding in proportion that of the related neutral salt.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Apparently alkaline, as certain normal salts which
exhibit alkaline reactions with test paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Said of crystalline rocks which
contain a relatively low percentage of silica, as basalt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Basic salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt formed from a
base or hydroxide by the partial replacement of its hydrogen by a negative
or acid element or radical.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ba*sic"er*ite</hw> (b&adot;*s&ibreve;s"&etilde;r*&omacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Basi-</i> + Gr. <grk>ke`ras</grk> horn, antenna.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The second joint of the antenn&aelig; of
crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*sic"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The quality or state of being a base.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The power of an acid to unite with one or more
atoms or equivalents of a base, as indicated by the number of replaceable
hydrogen atoms contained in the acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*sid"i*o*spore</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Basidium</i> +
<i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A spore borne by a basidium.</def> --
<wf>Ba*sid`i*o*spor"ous</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*sid"i*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of Gr.
<grk>ba`sis</grk> base.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A special oblong or pyriform
cell, with slender branches, which bears the spores in that division of
fungi called <i>Basidiomycetes</i>, of which the common mushroom is an
example.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"si*fi`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>That which converts into a salifiable base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*sif"u*gal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Base</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> + L. <i>fugere</i> to flee.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Tending or proceeding away from the base; as, a <i>basifugal</i>
growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"si*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Base</i> + <i>-
fy</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To convert into a salifiable base.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba`si*gyn"i*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>basis</grk> base + <grk>gynh</grk> woman.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
pedicel on which the ovary of certain flowers, as the passion flower, is
seated; a carpophore or thecaphore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba`si*hy"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Basi-</i> + Gr.
&upsilon; (the letter "upsilon"); from the shape.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Noting two small bones, forming the body of the inverted hyoid
arch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba`si*hy"oid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Basi-</i> +
<i>hyoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The central tongue bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"il</hw> (b&abreve;z"&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>basile</i> and E. <u>Bezel</u>.] <def>The slope or angle to which the
cutting edge of a tool, as a plane, is ground.</def>  <i>Grier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bas"il</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Basiled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Basiling</u>.]
<def>To grind or form the edge of to an angle.</def>  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bas"il</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>basilic</i>, fr. L.
<i>basilicus</i> royal, Gr. <grk>basiliko`s</grk> fr. <grk>basiley`s</grk>
king.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name given to several aromatic herbs of the
Mint family, but chiefly to the common or sweet basil (<i>Ocymum
basilicum</i>), and the bush basil, or lesser basil (<i>O. minimum</i>),
the leaves of which are used in cookery. The name is also given to several
kinds of mountain mint (<i>Pycnanthemum</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Basil thyme</b></col>, <cd>a name given to the fragrant herbs
<i>Calamintha Acinos</i> and <i>C. Nepeta</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild
basil</b></col>, <cd>a plant (<i>Calamintha clinopodium</i>) of the Mint
family.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bas"il</hw> (b&abreve;z"&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupt.
from E. <i>basan</i>, F. <i>basane</i>, LL. <i>basanium</i>, <i>bazana</i>,
fr. Ar. <i>bith&amacr;na</i>, prop., lining.] <def>The skin of a sheep
tanned with bark.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bas"i*lar</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bas"i*la*ry</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>basilaire</i>, fr. L. <i>basis</i>. See
<u>Base</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or
situated at, the base.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lower; inferior; applied to impulses or springs
of action.</def> [R.] "<i>Basilar</i> instincts."  <i>H. W.
Beecher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba*sil"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>basilique</i>.]
<def>Basilica.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ba*sil"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ba*sil"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Basilica</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Royal;
kingly; also, basilican.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to certain parts,
anciently supposed to have a specially important function in the animal
economy, as the middle vein of the right arm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*sil"i*ca</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Basilicas</b></plw> (&?;); sometimes
<plw><b>Basilic&aelig;</b></plw> (-s&emacr;). [L. <i>basilica</i>, Gr.
<grk>basilikh`</grk> (sc. <grk>o'iki`a</grk> or <grk>stoa`</grk> fr.
<grk>basiliko`s</grk> royal, fr. <grk>basiley`s</grk> king.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, the palace of a king; but afterward, an
apartment provided in the houses of persons of importance, where assemblies
were held for dispensing justice; and hence, any large hall used for this
purpose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A building
used by the Romans as a place of public meeting, with court rooms, etc.,
attached.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A church building of the earlier
centuries of Christianity, the plan of which was taken from the basilica of
the Romans. The name is still applied to some churches by way of honorary
distinction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*sil"i*ca</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A digest of the laws of
Justinian, translated from the original Latin into Greek, by order of
<i>Basil</i> I., in the ninth century.</def>  <i>P. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba*sil"i*can</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, relating to,
or resembling, a basilica; basilical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There can be no doubt that the first churches in
Constantinople were in the <i>basilican</i> form.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ba*sil"i*cok</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>basilicoc</i>.] <def>The basilisk.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*sil"i*con</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>basilicon</i>, Gr. <grk>basiliko`n</grk> neut. of <grk>basiliko`s</grk>
cf. F. <i>basilicon</i>. See <u>Basilica</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
ointment composed of wax, pitch, resin, and olive oil, lard, or other fatty
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"i*lisk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>basiliscus</i>,
Gr. <grk>basiliskos</grk> little king, kind of serpent, dim. of
<grk>basileys</grk> king; -- so named from some prominences on the head
resembling a crown.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fabulous serpent, or dragon.
The ancients alleged that its hissing would drive away all other serpents,
and that its breath, and even its look, was fatal. See
<u>Cockatrice</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make me not sighted like the <i>basilisk</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lizard of the genus
<i>Basiliscus</i>, belonging to the family <i>Iguanid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This genus is remarkable for a membranous bag rising above the
occiput, which can be filled with air at pleasure; also for an elevated
crest along the back, that can be raised or depressed at will.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A large piece of ordnance, so
called from its supposed resemblance to the serpent of that name, or from
its size.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ba"sin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bacin</i>, F.
<i>bassin</i>, LL. <i>bacchinus</i>, fr. <i>bacca</i> a water vessel, fr.
L. <i>bacca</i> berry, in allusion to the round shape; or perh. fr. Celtic.
Cf. <u>Bac</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hollow vessel or dish, to hold water for
washing, and for various other uses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quantity contained in a basin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hollow vessel, of various forms and materials,
used in the arts or manufactures, as that used by glass grinders for
forming concave glasses, by hatters for molding a hat into shape,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A hollow place containing water, as a pond, a
dock for ships, a little bay.</def>  <i>Pope</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physical Geog.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
circular or oval valley, or depression of the surface of the ground, the
lowest part of which is generally occupied by a lake, or traversed by a
river.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The entire tract of country drained
by a river, or sloping towards a sea or lake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An isolated or circumscribed
formation, particularly where the strata dip inward, on all sides, toward a
center; -- especially applied to the coal formations, called <i>coal
basins</i> or <i>coal fields</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"sined</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclosed in a
basin.</def> "<i>Basined</i> rivers."  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bas"i*net</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bascinet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba`si*oc*cip"i*tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>   [<i>Basi-</i>
+ <i>occipital</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the bone in
the base of the cranium, frequently forming a part of the occipital in the
adult, but usually distinct in the young.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The basioccipital bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba"si*on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ba`sis</grk> a
base.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The middle of the anterior margin of the great
foramen of the skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*sip"o*dite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Basi-</i> +
<grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk> foot.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The basal
joint of the legs of Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*sip`te*ryg"i*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>ba`sis</grk> a base + <grk>ptery`gion</grk> a fin.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A bar of cartilage at the base of the embryonic fins of some fishes.
It develops into the metapterygium.</def> -- <wf>Ba*sip`ter*yg"i*al</wf>
(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ba`sip*ter"y*goid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [<i>Basi-
</i> + <i>pterygoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Applied to a protuberance of
the base of the sphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"sis</hw> (b&amacr;"s&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bases</b></plw> (-s&emacr;z). [L. <i>basis</i>, Gr.
<grk>ba`sis</grk>. See <u>Base</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The foundation of anything; that on which a thing
rests.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The pedestal of a column, pillar, or
statue.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If no <i>basis</i> bear my rising name.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 123 pr=SA !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The groundwork; the first or fundamental
principle; that which supports.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>basis</i> of public credit is good faith.<BR>
<i>A. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The principal component part of a
thing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*sis"o*lute</hw> (b&adot;*s&ibreve;s"&osl;*l&umacr;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Basi-</i> + <i>solute</i>, a.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Prolonged at the base, as certain leaves.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ba`si*sphe"noid</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ba`si*sphe*noid"al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Basi-</i> + <i>sphenoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to that part of the base of the cranium between the
basioccipital and the presphenoid, which usually ossifies separately in the
embryo or in the young, and becomes a part of the sphenoid in the
adult.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba`si*sphe"noid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
basisphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bask</hw> (b&adot;sk), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Basked</u> (b&adot;skt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Basking</u>.] [OScand. <i>ba&eth;ask</i> to bathe one's self, or perh.
<i>bakask</i> to bake one's self, <i>sk</i> being reflexive. See
<u>Bath</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Bake</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To lie in warmth; to be exposed to genial heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Basks</i> in the glare, and stems the tepid wave.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bask</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To warm by continued
exposure to heat; to warm with genial heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Basks</i> at the fire his hairy strength.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bas"ket</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of unknown origin. The
modern Celtic words seem to be from the English.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
vessel made of osiers or other twigs, cane, rushes, splints, or other
flexible material, interwoven.</def> "Rude <i>baskets</i> . . . woven of
the flexile willow."  <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The contents of a basket; as much as a basket
contains; as, a <i>basket</i> of peaches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The bell or vase of the
Corinthian capital.</def> [Improperly so used.]  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The two back seats facing one another on the
outside of a stagecoach.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Basket fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an ophiuran of
the genus <i>Astrophyton</i>, having the arms much branched. See
<u>Astrophyton</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Basket hilt</b></col>, <cd>a hilt with
a covering wrought like basketwork to protect the hand.</cd>
<i>Hudibras.</i> Hence, <col><b>Basket-hilted</b></col>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Basket work</b></col>, <cd>work consisting
of plaited osiers or twigs.</cd> -- <col><b>Basket worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a lepidopterous insect of the genus
<i>Thyridopteryx</i> and allied genera, esp. <i>T.
ephemer&aelig;formis</i>. The larva makes and carries about a bag or
basket-like case of silk and twigs, which it afterwards hangs up to shelter
the pupa and wingless adult females.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bas"ket</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put into a
basket.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bas"ket*ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Basketfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a basket will
contain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"ket*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of making
baskets; also, baskets, taken collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bask"ing shark`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
largest species of sharks (<i>Cetorhinus maximus</i>), so called from its
habit of basking in the sun; the liver shark, or bone shark. It inhabits
the northern seas of Europe and America, and grows to a length of more than
forty feet. It is a harmless species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"net</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bascinet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*som`ma*toph"o*ra</hw>
(b&adot;*s&obreve;m`m&adot;*t&obreve;f"&osl;*r&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ba`sis</grk> base + <grk>'o`mma</grk> eye
+ <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
Pulmonifera having the eyes at the base of the tentacles, including the
common pond snails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"son</hw> (b&amacr;"s'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A basin.</def>
[Obs. or Special form]</p>

<p><hw>Basque</hw> (b&adot;sk), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Pertaining
to Biscay, its people, or their language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Basque</hw> (b&adot;sk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of a race, of unknown origin, inhabiting a
region on the Bay of Biscay in Spain and France.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language spoken by the Basque
people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A part of a lady's dress, resembling a jacket
with a short skirt; -- probably so called because this fashion of dress
came from the <i>Basques</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Basqu"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>Basque</i>
Biscayan: cf. G. <i>Baskisch</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the country, people,
or language of Biscay; Basque</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bas`-re*lief"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bas-
relief</i>; <i>bas</i> low + <i>relief</i> raised work, <i>relever</i> to
raise: cf. It. <i>bassorilievo</i>.] <def>Low relief; sculpture, the
figures of which project less than half of their true proportions; --
called also <i>bass-relief</i> and <i>basso-rilievo</i>. See <u>Alto-
rilievo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bass</hw> (b&adot;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bass</b></plw>, and sometimes <plw><b>Basses</b></plw> (-
&ebreve;z). [A corruption of <i>barse</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An edible, spiny-finned fish, esp. of the genera
<i>Roccus</i>, <i>Labrax</i>, and related genera.  There are many
species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European bass is <i>Labrax lupus</i>. American species
are: the striped bass (<i>Roccus lineatus</i>); white or silver bass of the
lakes (<i>R. chrysops</i>); brass or yellow bass (<i>R.
interruptus</i>).</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The two American fresh-water species of black
bass (genus <i>Micropterus</i>). See <u>Black bass</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Species of <i>Serranus</i>, the sea bass and
rock bass. See <u>Sea bass</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The southern, red, or channel bass
(<i>Sci&aelig;na ocellata</i>). See <u>Redfish</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to many other fishes. See <i>Calico
bass</i>, under <u>Calico</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bass</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of <i>bast</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The linden or lime tree, sometimes
wrongly called <i>whitewood</i>; also, its bark, which is used for making
mats. See <u>Bast</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> (Pron. &?;) <def>A hassock or thick mat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bass</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>basse</i>, fr.
<i>bas</i> low. See <u>Base</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bass, or deep, sound or tone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The lowest
part in a musical composition.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who
sings, or the instrument which plays, bass.</def> [Written also
<i>base</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Thorough bass</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Thorough bass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bass</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deep or grave in
tone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bass clef</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the character placed at
the beginning of the staff containing the bass part of a musical
composition.</cd> [See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Clef</u>.] -- <col><b>Bass
voice</b></col>, <cd>a deep-sounding voice; a voice fitted for singing
bass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bass</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sound in a deep
tone.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bas"sa</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bas*saw"</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Bashaw</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bass` drum"</hw> (&?;). <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The largest of the
different kinds of drums, having two heads, and emitting a deep, grave
sound. See <u>Bass</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"set</hw> (b&abreve;s"s&ebreve;t <i>or</i>
b&abreve;s*s&ebreve;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bassette</i>, fr. It.
<i>bassetta</i>. Cf. <u>Basso</u>.] <def>A game at cards, resembling the
modern faro, said to have been invented at Venice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some dress, some dance, some play, not to forget<BR>
Your piquet parties, and your dear <i>basset</i>.<BR>
<i>Rowe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bas"set</hw> (b&abreve;s"s&ebreve;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>basset</i> somewhat low, dim. of <i>bas</i> low.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Inclined upward; as, the <i>basset</i> edge of strata.</def>
<i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bas"set</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The edge of a
geological stratum at the surface of the ground; the outcrop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"set</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Basseted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Basseting</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>To incline upward so as to appear at
the surface; to crop out; as, a vein of coal <i>bassets</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"set horn`</hw> (h&ocirc;rn`). [See <u>Basset</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument blown with a reed,
and resembling a clarinet, but of much greater compass, embracing nearly
four octaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"set hound`</hw> (&?;). [F. <i>basset</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small kind of hound with a long body and short legs, used as an
earth dog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"set*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The upward direction of
a vein in a mine; the emergence of a stratum at the surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bas*set"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.,
<pos><i>adj.</i></pos>, somewhat low; <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, counter tenor.
See <u>Basso</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A tenor or small bass viol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bass" horn"</hw> (&?;). <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A modification of the
bassoon, much deeper in tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"si*net</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>bassinet</i>,
dim. of <i>bassin</i>. See <u>Basin</u>, and cf. <u>Bascinet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wicker basket, with a covering or hood over one
end, in which young children are placed as in a cradle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Bascinet</u>.</def>  <i>Lord
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bas"so</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. LL.
<i>bassus</i>. See <u>Base</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The bass or lowest part; as, to sing
<i>basso</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who sings the lowest
part.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The double bass, or
<i>contrabasso</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Basso continuo</b></col> (&?;). [It., bass continued.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>A bass part written out continuously, while the other
parts of the harmony are indicated by figures attached to the bass;
continued bass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bas"sock</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hassock. See 2d
<u>Bass</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas*soon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>basson</i>, fr.
<i>basse</i> bass; or perh. fr. <i>bas son</i> low sound. See <u>Bass</u> a
part in music. ] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A wind instrument of the double reed
kind, furnished with holes, which are stopped by the fingers, and by keys,
as in flutes. It forms the natural bass to the oboe, clarinet,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Its compass comprehends three octaves. For convenience of
carriage it is divided into two parts; whence it is also called a
<i>fagot</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Bas*soon"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A performer on the
bassoon.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Bas"so-ri*lie"vo</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bas"so-re*lie"vo</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>basso-rilievo</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Bas-
relief</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"so*rin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>bassorine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A constituent part of a species of
gum from <i>Bassora</i>, as also of gum tragacanth and some gum resins. It
is one of the amyloses.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bass"-re*lief`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Bas-
relief</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bass" vi`ol</hw> (&?;). <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A stringed instrument of
the viol family, used for playing bass. See 3d <u>Bass</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Violoncello</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bass"wood`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
bass (<i>Tilia</i>) or its wood; especially, <i>T. Americana</i>. See
<u>Bass</u>, the lime tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the bowls were made of <i>basswood</i>,<BR>
White and polished very smoothly.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bast</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>b&aelig;st</i>; akin
to Icel., Sw., Dan., D., &amp; G. <i>bast</i>, of unknown origin. Cf.
<u>Bass</u> the tree.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The inner fibrous bark of
various plants; esp. of the lime tree; hence, matting, cordage, etc., made
therefrom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thick mat or hassock. See 2d <u>Bass</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bas"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [It.] <def>Enough;
stop.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bas"tard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bastard</i>,
<i>bastart</i>, F. <i>b&?;tard</i>, prob. fr. OF. <i>bast</i>, F.
<i>b&?;t</i>, a packsaddle used as a bed by the muleteers (fr. LL.
<i>bastum</i>) + <i>-ard</i>. OF. fils de <i>bast</i> son of the
packsaddle; as the muleteers were accustomed to use their saddles for beds
in the inns. See Cervantes, "Don Quixote," chap. 16; and cf.G.
<i>bankert</i>, fr. <i>bank</i> bench.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A "natural"
child; a child begotten and born out of wedlock; an illegitimate child; one
born of an illicit union.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By the civil and canon laws, and by the laws of many of the
United States, a <i>bastard</i> becomes a legitimate child by the
intermarriage of the parents at any subsequent time. But by those of
England, and of some states of the United States, a child, to be
legitimate, must at least be <i>born</i> after the lawful marriage.
<i>Kent. Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Sugar Refining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
inferior quality of soft brown sugar, obtained from the sirups that have
already had several boilings.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A large size
of mold, in which sugar is drained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sweet Spanish wine like muscadel in
flavor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brown <i>bastard</i> is your only drink.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A writing paper of a particular size. See
<u>Paper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"tard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Begotten and born out of lawful matrimony; illegitimate. See
<u>Bastard</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, note.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lacking in genuineness; spurious; false;
adulterate; -- applied to things which resemble those which are genuine,
but are really not so.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>bastard</i> self-love which is so vicious in itself,
and productive of so many vices.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of an unusual make or proportion; as, a
<i>bastard</i> musket; a <i>bastard</i> culverin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Abbreviated, as the half title
in a page preceding the full title page of a book.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bastard ashlar</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>stones for ashlar
work, roughly squared at the quarry.</cd> -- <col><b>Bastard
file</b></col>, <cd>a file intermediate between the coarsest and the second
cut.</cd> -- <col><b>Bastard type</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>type
having the face of a larger or a smaller size than the body; <i>e. g.</i>,
a nonpareil face on a brevier body.</cd> -- <col><b>Bastard wing</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>three to five quill feathers on a small joint
corresponding to the thumb in some mammalia; the alula.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bas"tard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bastardize.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bas"tard*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a bastard; bastardy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"tard*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bastardized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bastardizing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make or prove to be a
bastard; to stigmatize as a bastard; to declare or decide legally to be
illegitimate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law is so indulgent as not to <i>bastardize</i> the
child, if born, though not begotten, in lawful wedlock.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beget out of wedlock.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bas"tard*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bastardlike; baseborn;
spurious; corrupt.</def> [Obs.] -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of a bastard; spuriously.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak. Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bas"tar*dy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being a bastard; illegitimacy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The procreation of a bastard child.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Baste</hw> (b&amacr;st), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Basted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Basting</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>beysta</i> to strike, powder; Sw.
<i>basa</i> to beat with a rod: perh. akin to E. <i>beat</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat with a stick; to cudgel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One man was <i>basted</i> by the keeper for carrying some
people over on his back through the waters.<BR>
<i>Pepys.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>To sprinkle flour and salt and
drip butter or fat on, as on meat in roasting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mark with tar, as sheep.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Baste</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>basten</i>, OF.
<i>bastir</i>, F. <i>b&?;tir</i>, prob. fr. OHG. <i>bestan</i> to sew, MHG.
<i>besten</i> to bind, fr. OHG. <i>bast</i> bast. See <u>Bast</u>.] <def>To
sew loosely, or with long stitches; -- usually, that the work may be held
in position until sewed more firmly.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bas*tile"</hw>  <hw>Bas*tille"</hw> } (b&adot;s*t&emacr;l"
<i>or</i> b&adot;s"t&esl;l; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bastille</i>
fortress, OF. <i>bastir</i> to build, F. <i>b&acirc;tir</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Feud. Fort.)</i> <def>A tower or an elevated
work, used for the defense, or in the siege, of a fortified
place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The high <i>bastiles</i> . . . which overtopped the
walls.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>"The Bastille", formerly a castle or fortress in
Paris, used as a prison, especially for political offenders; hence, a
rhetorical name for a prison.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas`ti*nade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bastinado</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bas`ti*nade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bastinado.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Bas`ti*na"do</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bastinadoes</b></plw> (&?;). [Sp. <i>bastonada</i> (cf. F.
<i>bastonnade</i>), fr. <i>baston</i> (cf. F. <i>b&acirc;ton</i>) a stick
or staff. See <u>Baston</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blow with a stick or cudgel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sound beating with a stick or cudgel.
Specifically: A form of punishment among the Turks, Chinese, and others,
consisting in beating an offender on the soles of his feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas`ti*na"do</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bastinadoed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bastinadoing</u>.] <def>To beat with a stick or cudgel, especially on
the soles of the feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"tion</hw> (b&abreve;s"ch&ubreve;n; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>bastion</i> (cf. It. <i>bastione</i>), fr. LL. <i>bastire</i> to
build (cf. F. <i>b&acirc;tir</i>, It. <i>bastire</i>), perh. from the idea
of support for a weight, and akin to Gr. <grk>basta`zein</grk> to lift,
carry, and to E. <i>baston</i>, <i>baton</i>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A work
projecting outward from the main inclosure of a fortification, consisting
of two faces and two flanks, and so constructed that it is able to defend
by a flanking fire the adjacent curtain, or wall which extends from one
bastion to another. Two adjacent <i>bastions</i> are connected by the
<i>curtain</i>, which joins the flank of one with the adjacent flank of the
other. The distance between the flanks of a bastion is called the
<i>gorge</i>. A <i>lunette</i> is a detached bastion. See
<u>Ravelin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"tioned</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a
bastion; having bastions.</def></p>

<p><! p. 124 pr=SA !></p>

<p><hw>Bas"to</hw> (b&adot;s"t&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>The
ace of clubs in quadrille and omber.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bas"ton</hw> (b&abreve;s"t&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>baston</i>, F. <i>b&acirc;ton</i>, LL. <i>basto</i>. See <u>Bastion</u>,
and cf. <u>Baton</u>, and 3d <u>Batten</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A staff or cudgel.</def> [Obs.]  "To fight with
blunt <i>bastons</i>."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>See <u>Baton</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An officer bearing a painted staff, who formerly
was in attendance upon the king's court to take into custody persons
committed by the court.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bas"yle</hw> (b&abreve;s"&ibreve;l <i>or</i> b&amacr;s"&ibreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ba`sis</grk> base + <grk>"y`lh</grk> wood.
See <u>-yl</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A positive or nonacid constituent of a
compound, either elementary, or, if compound, performing the functions of
an element.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"y*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
having the nature of, a basyle; electro-positive; basic; -- opposed to
<i>chlorous</i>.</def>  <i>Graham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat</hw> (b&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>batte</i>,
<i>botte</i>, AS. <i>batt</i>; perhaps fr. the Celtic; cf. Ir. <i>bat</i>,
<i>bata</i>, stick, staff; but cf. also F. <i>batte</i> a beater (thing),
wooden sword, <i>battre</i> to beat.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large stick; a club; specifically, a piece of
wood with one end thicker or broader than the other, used in playing
baseball, cricket, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Shale or bituminous shale.</def>
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sheet of cotton used for filling quilts or
comfortables; batting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A part of a brick with one whole end.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bat bolt</b></col> <i>(Machinery)</i>, <cd>a bolt barbed or
jagged at its butt or tang to make it hold the more firmly.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Batted</u> (b&abreve;t"t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Batting</u>.] <def>To strike or hit with a bat or a pole; to cudgel; to
beat.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use a bat, as in a game of
baseball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupt. from OE. <i>back</i>,
<i>backe</i>, <i>balke</i>; cf. Dan. aften-<i>bakke</i> (<tran>aften</tran>
evening), Sw. natt-<i>backa</i> (<tran>natt</tran> night), Icel. le&eth;r-
<i>blaka</i> (<tran>le&eth;r</tran> leather), Icel. <i>blaka</i> to
flutter.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Cheiroptera, an order of
flying mammals, in which the wings are formed by a membrane stretched
between the elongated fingers, legs, and tail. The common bats are small
and insectivorous. See <u>Cheiroptera</u> and <u>Vampire</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Silent <i>bats</i> in drowsy clusters cling.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bat tick</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a wingless,
dipterous insect of the genus <i>Nycteribia</i>, parasitic on
bats.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bat"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from
<i>debatable</i>.] <def>Disputable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; The border land between England and Scotland, being formerly a
subject of contention, was called <i>batable</i> or <i>debatable</i>
ground.</p>

<p><hw>Bat"ailled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Embattled.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ba`tar*deau"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cofferdam.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A wall built across the ditch of a
fortification, with a sluice gate to regulate the height of water in the
ditch on both sides of the wall.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ba*ta"tas</hw> (&?;), <hw>||Ba*ta"ta</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An aboriginal American name for the sweet potato
(<i>Ipom&aelig;a batatas</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*ta"vi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> the Batavi, an ancient Germanic tribe; or to
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Batavia or Holland; as, a <i>Batavian</i>
legion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Batavian Republic</b></col>, <cd>the name given to Holland by
the French after its conquest in 1795.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ba*ta"vi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant
of Batavia or Holland.</def> [R.]  <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Batch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bache</i>,
<i>bacche</i>, fr. AS. <i>bacan</i> to bake; cf. G. <i>geb&auml;ck</i> and
D. <i>baksel</i>. See <u>Bake</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quantity of bread baked at one
time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quantity of anything produced at one
operation; a group or collection of persons or things of the same kind; as,
a <i>batch</i> of letters; the next <i>batch</i> of business.</def> "A new
<i>batch</i> of Lords."  <i>Lady M. W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. abbrev. from
<i>debate</i>.] <def>Strife; contention.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bating</u>.] [From
<i>abate</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lessen by retrenching, deducting,
or reducing; to abate; to beat down; to lower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He must either <i>bate</i> the laborer's wages, or not
employ or not pay him.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To allow by way of abatement or
deduction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To whom he <i>bates</i> nothing of what he stood upon with
the parliament.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To leave out; to except.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bate</i> me the king, and, be he flesh and blood,<BR>
He lies that says it.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To remove.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>About autumn <i>bate</i> the earth from about the roots of
olives, and lay them bare.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When baseness is exalted, do not <i>bate</i><BR>
The place its honor for the person's sake.<BR>
<i>Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remit
or retrench a part; -- with <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abate thy speed, and I will <i>bate</i> of mine.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To waste away.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To attack; to
bait.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bate</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Bite</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>battre des ailes</i> to
flutter. Cf. <u>Bait</u> to flutter.] <def>To flutter as a hawk; to
bait.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>See 2d
<u>Bath</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>beta</i> maceration,
soaking, G. <i>beize</i>, and E. <i>bite</i>.] <def>An alkaline solution
consisting of the dung of certain animals; -- employed in the preparation
of hides; grainer.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To steep in bate, as hides,
in the manufacture of leather.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*teau"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bateaux</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>bateau</i>, LL. <i>batellus</i>,
fr. <i>battus</i>, <i>batus</i>, boat, which agrees with AS.
<i>b&amacr;t</i> boat: cf. W. <i>bad</i> boat. See <u>Boat</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A boat; esp. a flat-bottomed, clumsy boat used
on the Canadian lakes and rivers.</def> [Written also, but less properly,
<i>batteau</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bateau bridge</b></col>, <cd>a floating bridge supported by
bateaux.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reduced; lowered;
restrained; as, to speak with <i>bated</i> breath.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bate"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exciting contention;
contentious.</def> [Obs.]  "It did <i>bateful</i> question frame."
<i>Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bate"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be abated.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bate"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <u>Abatement</u>.
See 2d <u>Bate</u>.] <def>Abatement; diminution.</def>  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Batement light</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a window or one
division of a window having vertical sides, but with the sill not
horizontal, as where it follows the rake of a staircase.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bat"fish`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A name given to several species of fishes: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The
<i>Malthe vespertilio</i> of the Atlantic coast. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The
flying gurnard of the Atlantic (<i>Cephalacanthus spinarella</i>).
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> The California batfish or sting ray (<i>Myliobatis
Californicus</i>.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"fowl`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who practices
or finds sport in batfowling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"fowl`ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Bat</u> a
stick.] <def>A mode of catching birds at night, by holding a torch or other
light, and beating the bush or perch where they roost. The birds, flying to
the light, are caught with nets or otherwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ful</hw> (b&abreve;t"f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>bati</i> amelioration, <i>batna</i> to grow better; akin to AS.
<i>bet</i> better. Goth. <i>ga-batnan</i> to profit.  &radic;255.  Cf.
<u>Batten</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Better</u>.] <def>Rich;
fertile.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Batful</i> valleys."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bath</hw> (b&adot;th; 61), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Baths</b></plw> (b&adot;&thlig;z). [AS. <i>b&aelig;&eth;</i>; akin
to OS. &amp; Icel. <i>ba&eth;</i>, Sw., Dan., D., &amp; G. <i>bad</i>, and perh. to
G. <i>b&auml;hen</i> to foment.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
exposing the body, or part of the body, for purposes of cleanliness,
comfort, health, etc., to water, vapor, hot air, or the like; as, a cold or
a hot <i>bath</i>; a medicated <i>bath</i>; a steam <i>bath</i>; a hip
<i>bath</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Water or other liquid for bathing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A receptacle or place where persons may immerse
or wash their bodies in water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A building containing an apartment or a series
of apartments arranged for bathing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among the ancients, the public <i>baths</i> were of amazing
extent and magnificence.<BR>
<i>Gwilt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A medium, as heated sand, ashes,
steam, hot air, through which heat is applied to a body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A solution in which plates or
prints are immersed; also, the receptacle holding the solution.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Bath</i> is used adjectively or in combination, in an obvious
sense <i>of</i> or <i>for baths</i> or <i>bathing</i>; as, <i>bath</i>room,
<i>bath</i> tub, <i>bath</i> keeper.</p>

<p><col><b>Douche bath</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Douche</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Order of the Bath</b></col>, <cd>a high order of British
knighthood, composed of three classes, viz., knights grand cross, knights
commanders, and knights companions, abbreviated thus: G. C. B., K. C. B.,
K. B.</cd> -- <col><b>Russian bath</b></col>, <cd>a kind of vapor bath
which consists in a prolonged exposure of the body to the influence of the
steam of water, followed by washings and shampooings.</cd> --
<col><b>Turkish bath</b></col>, <cd>a kind of bath in which a profuse
perspiration is produced by hot air, after which the body is washed and
shampooed.</cd> -- <col><b>Bath house</b></col>, <cd>a house used for the
purpose of bathing; -- also a small house, near a bathing place, where a
bather undresses and dresses.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bath</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.] <def>A Hebrew measure
containing the tenth of a homer, or five gallons and three pints, as a
measure for liquids; and two pecks and five quarts, as a dry
measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bath</hw> (&?;; 61), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A city in the west of
England, resorted to for its hot springs, which has given its name to
various objects.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bath brick</b></col>, <cd>a preparation of calcareous earth, in
the form of a brick, used for cleaning knives, polished metal, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Bath chair</b></col>, <cd>a kind of chair on wheels, as used by
invalids at Bath.</cd> "People walked out, or drove out, or were pushed out
in their <i>Bath chairs</i>." <i>Dickens.</i> -- <col><b>Bath
metal</b></col>, <cd>an alloy consisting of four and a half ounces of zinc
and one pound of copper.</cd> -- <col><b>Bath note</b></col>, <cd>a folded
writing paper, 8 1/2 by 14 inches.</cd> -- <col><b>Bath stone</b></col>,
<cd>a species of limestone (o&ouml;lite) found near Bath, used for
building.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bathe</hw> (b&amacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bathed</u> (b&amacr;&thlig;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Bathing</u>.] [OE. <i>ba&eth;ien</i>, AS.
<i>ba&eth;ian</i>, fr. <i>b&aelig;&eth;</i> bath. See 1st <u>Bath</u>, and
cf. <u>Bay</u> to bathe.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wash by immersion, as
in a bath; to subject to a bath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chancing to <i>bathe</i> himself in the River Cydnus.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lave; to wet.</def> "The lake which
<i>bathed</i> the foot of the Alban mountain."  <i>T. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To moisten or suffuse with a liquid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And let us <i>bathe</i> our hands in C&aelig;sar's
blood.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To apply water or some liquid medicament to; as,
to <i>bathe</i> the eye with warm water or with sea water; to <i>bathe</i>
one's forehead with camphor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To surround, or envelop, as water surrounds a
person immersed.</def>  "The rosy shadows <i>bathe</i> me. "
<i>Tennyson.</i> "The bright sunshine <i>bathing</i> all the world."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bathe</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bathe one's self; to take a bath or baths.</def> "They <i>bathe</i> in
summer."  <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To immerse or cover one's self, as in a
bath.</def> "To <i>bathe</i> in fiery floods." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Bathe</i>
in the dimples of her cheek." <i>Lloyd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bask in the sun.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bathe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The immersion of the body in
water; as, to take one's usual <i>bathe</i>.</def>  <i>Edin. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bath"er</hw> (b&amacr;&thlig;"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who bathes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*thet"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
character of bathos.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bath"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of taking a bath
or baths.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bathing machine</b></col>, <cd>a small room on wheels, to be
driven into the water, for the convenience of bathers, who undress and
dress therein.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bath"mism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Vital
force</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*thom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ba`qos</grk> depth + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring
depths, esp. one for taking soundings without a sounding line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"horse`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>b&acirc;t</i>
packsaddle (cheval de <i>b&acirc;t</i> packhorse) + E. <i>horse</i>. See
<u>Bastard</u>.] <def>A horse which carries an officer's baggage during a
campaign.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba"thos</hw> (b&amacr;"th&obreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ba`qos</grk> depth, fr. <grk>baqy`s</grk> deep.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
ludicrous descent from the elevated to the low, in writing or speech;
anticlimax.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*thyb"i*us</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>baqy`s</grk> deep + <grk>bi`os</grk> life] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
name given by Prof. Huxley to a gelatinous substance found in mud dredged
from the Atlantic and preserved in alcohol.  He supposed that it was free
living protoplasm, covering a large part of the ocean bed. It is now known
that the substance is of chemical, not of organic, origin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bath`y*met"ric</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bath`y*met"ric*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to bathymetry; relating to the
measurement of depths, especially of depths in the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*thym"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ba`qos</grk> depth + <i>-metry</i>.] <def>The art or science of
sounding, or measuring depths in the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [Strictly p. pr. of
<u>Bate</u> to abate.] <def>With the exception of; excepting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have little reason to think that they bring many ideas
with them, <i>bating</i> some faint ideas of hunger and thirst.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ba*tiste"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>batiste</i>, from
the name of the alleged first maker, <i>Baptiste</i> of Cambrai.
<i>Littr&eacute;.</i>] <def>Originally, cambric or lawn of fine linen; now
applied also to cloth of similar texture made of cotton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bat</i> stick + <i>-
let</i>.] <def>A short bat for beating clothes in washing them; -- called
also <i>batler</i>, <i>batling staff</i>, <i>batting staff</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bat"man</hw> (b&abreve;t"m&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>ba&tsdot;man</i>.] <def>A weight used in the East, varying according to
the locality; in Turkey, the greater batman is about 157 pounds, the lesser
only a fourth of this; at Aleppo and Smyrna, the batman is 17 pounds.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat"man</hw> (b&add;"m<i>a</i>n <i>or</i> b&abreve;t"m<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Batmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n).
[F. <i>b&acirc;t</i> packsaddle + E. <i>man</i>.  Cf. <u>Bathorse</u>.]
<def>A man who has charge of a bathorse and his load.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*toi"de*i</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>ba`tos</grk> a kind of ray + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The division of fishes which includes the rays and skates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"on</hw> (b&abreve;t"&ubreve;n, F. b&auml;`t&ocirc;N"; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>b&acirc;ton</i>. See <u>Baston</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A staff or truncheon, used for various purposes;
as, the <i>baton</i> of a field marshal; the <i>baton</i> of a conductor in
musical performances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He held the <i>baton</i> of command.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>An ordinary with its ends cut off,
borne sinister as a mark of bastardy, and containing one fourth in breadth
of the bend sinister; -- called also <i>bastard bar</i>. See <u>Bend
sinister</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*toon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Baton</u>, and
<u>Baston</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat" print`ing</hw> (&?;). <i>(Ceramics)</i> <def>A mode of printing
on glazed ware.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*tra"chi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>batra`cheios</grk> belonging to a frog, fr. <grk>ba`trachos</grk>
frog.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The order of amphibians which includes the
frogs and toads; the Anura. Sometimes the word is used in a wider sense as
equivalent to Amphibia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*tra"chi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the Batrachia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>One
of the Batrachia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ra*choid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Batrachia</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Froglike. Specifically: Of or
pertaining to the <i>Batrachid&aelig;</i>, a family of marine fishes,
including the toadfish. Some have poisonous dorsal spines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat`ra*cho*my*om"a*chy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>batrachomyomachi`a</grk>; <grk>ba`trachos</grk> frog + <grk>my^s</grk>
mouse + <grk>ma`chh</grk> battle.] <def>The battle between the frogs and
mice; -- a Greek parody on the Iliad, of uncertain authorship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat`ra*choph"a*gous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ba`trachos</grk> frog + <grk>fagei^n</grk> to eat.] <def>Feeding on
frogs.</def>  <i>Quart. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bats"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Batsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The one who wields the bat in
cricket, baseball, etc.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Bat's"-wing"</hw> (&?;) or <hw>Bat"wing</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like a bat's wing; as, a <i>bat's-wing</i>
burner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bat"ta</hw> (b&abreve;t"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob.
through Pg. for Canarese <i>bhatta</i> rice in the husk.] <def>Extra pay;
esp. an extra allowance to an English officer serving in India.</def>
<i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><! p. 125 pr=SA !></p>

<p><hw>||Bat"ta</hw> (b&abreve;t/"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>ba&tsdot;&tsdot;a</i>.] <def>Rate of exchange; also, the discount on
uncurrent coins.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Bat"ta*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Batful</u>.]
<def>Capable of cultivation; fertile; productive; fattening.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat"tail*ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>bataillant</i>,
p. pr. See <u>Battle</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> ] [Obs.] <def>Prepared
for battle; combatant; warlike.</def> <i>Spenser.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A combatant.</def>  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat"tail*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bataillos</i>,
fr. <i>bataille</i>. See <u>Battle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Arrayed
for battle; fit or eager for battle; warlike.</def> [Obs.]  "In
<i>battailous</i> aspect."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat*tal"ia</hw> (b&abreve;t*t&amacr;l"y&adot;; 106),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>battalia</i> battle, a body of troops. See
<u>Battle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Order of
battle; disposition or arrangement of troops (brigades, regiments,
battalions, etc.), or of a naval force, for action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A drawing up the armies in <i>battalia</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An army in battle array; also, the main battalia
or body.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat*tal"ion</hw> (-t&abreve;l"y&ubreve;n; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>bataillon</i>, fr. It. <i>battaglione</i>. See <u>Battalia</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A body of troops; esp. a body of troops or an army
in battle array.</def> "The whole <i>battalion</i> views."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A regiment, or two or more
companies of a regiment, esp. when assembled for drill or battle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat*tal"ion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form into
battalions.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bat"tel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs. form. of
<u>Battle</u>.] <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>A single combat; as, trial by
<i>battel</i>. See <i>Wager of battel</i>, under <u>Wager</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"tel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain etymology.]
<def>Provisions ordered from the buttery; also, the charges for them; --
only in the <i>pl.</i>, except when used adjectively.</def> [Univ. of
Oxford, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bat"tel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be supplied with
provisions from the buttery.</def> [Univ. of Oxford, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bat"tel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Batful</u>,
<u>Batten</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To make fertile.</def> [Obs.]
"To <i>battel</i> barren land."  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat"tel</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fertile; fruitful;
productive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>battel</i> soil for grain, for pasture good.<BR>
<i>Fairfax.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bat"tel*er</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bat"tler</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Battel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
student at Oxford who is supplied with provisions from the buttery;
formerly, one who paid for nothing but what he called for, answering nearly
to a <i>sizar</i> at Cambridge.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ten</hw> (b&abreve;t"t'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Battened</u> (-t'nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Battening</u>.] [See <u>Batful</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make fat by plenteous feeding; to fatten.</def> "<i>Battening</i>
our flocks."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fertilize or enrich, as land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ten</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow fat; to grow fat
in ease and luxury; to glut one's self.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The pampered monarch lay <i>battening</i> in ease.<BR>
<i>Garth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Skeptics, with a taste for carrion, who <i>batten</i> on the
hideous facts in history, -- persecutions, inquisitions.<BR>
<i>Emerson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ten</hw>, <pos><i>n .</i></pos> [F. <i>b&acirc;ton</i> stick,
staff. See <u>Baton</u>.] <def>A strip of sawed stuff, or a
scantling;</def> as, <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Com. &amp; Arch.)</i>
<def>Sawed timbers about 7 by 2 1/2 inches and not less than 6 feet
long.</def> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
strip of wood used in fastening the edges of a tarpaulin to the deck, also
around masts to prevent chafing.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A long,
thin strip used to strengthen a part, to cover a crack, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Batten door</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a door made of boards
of the whole length of the door, secured by battens nailed
crosswise.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ten</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish or fasten with
battens.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To batten down</b></col>, <cd>to fasten down with battens, as
the tarpaulin over the hatches of a ship during a storm.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ten</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>battant</i>. See
<u>Batter</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The movable bar of a loom,
which strikes home or closes the threads of a woof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ten*ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Furring done with small pieces nailed directly upon the
wall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ter</hw> (b&abreve;t"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Battered</u> (-t&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Battering</u>.] [OE. <i>bateren</i>, OF.
<i>batre</i>, F. <i>battre</i>, fr. LL. <i>battere</i>, for L.
<i>batuere</i> to strike, beat; of unknown origin. Cf. <u>Abate</u>,
<u>Bate</u> to abate.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat with successive blows; to beat
repeatedly and with violence, so as to bruise, shatter, or demolish; as, to
<i>batter</i> a wall or rampart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wear or impair as if by beating or by hard
usage.</def> "Each <i>battered</i> jade."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metallurgy)</i> <def>To flatten (metal) by
hammering, so as to compress it inwardly and spread it outwardly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>batere</i>,
<i>batire</i>; cf. OF. <i>bateure</i>, <i>bature</i>, a beating. See
<u>Batter</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A semi-
liquid mixture of several ingredients, as, flour, eggs, milk, etc., beaten
together and used in cookery.</def>  <i>King.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Paste of clay or loam.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Printing)</i> <def>A bruise on the face of a
plate or of type in the form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A backward slope in the face
of a wall or of a bank; receding slope.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Batter rule</b></col>, <cd>an instrument consisting of a rule or
frame, and a plumb line, by which the batter or slope of a wall is
regulated in building.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>To slope
gently backward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wields a bat; a
batsman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ter*er</hw> (-t&etilde;r*&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, batters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ter*ing-ram`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An engine used in ancient times to beat down the walls
of besieged places.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It was a large beam, with a head of iron, which was sometimes
made to resemble the head of a ram. It was suspended by ropes to a beam
supported by posts, and so balanced as to swing backward and forward, and
was impelled by men against the wall.  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blacksmith's hammer, suspended, and worked
horizontally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ter*ing train`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A train of
artillery for siege operations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ter*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Batteries</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>batterie</i>, fr. <i>battre</i>.
See <u>Batter</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of battering or beating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The unlawful beating of another. It
includes every willful, angry and violent, or negligent touching of
another's person or clothes, or anything attached to his person or held by
him.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any place
where cannon or mortars are mounted, for attack or defense.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Two or more pieces of artillery in the
field.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A company or division of artillery,
including the gunners, guns, horses, and all equipments. In the United
States, a battery of flying artillery consists usually of six
guns.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barbette battery</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Barbette</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Battery d'enfilade</b></col>, or <col><b>Enfilading
battery</b></col>, <cd>one that sweeps the whole length of a line of troops
or part of a work.</cd> -- <col><b>Battery en &eacute;charpe</b></col>,
<cd>one that plays obliquely.</cd> -- <col><b>Battery gun</b></col>, <cd>a
gun capable of firing a number of shots simultaneously or successively
without stopping to load.</cd> -- <col><b>Battery wagon</b></col>, <cd>a
wagon employed to transport the tools and materials for repair of the
carriages, etc., of the battery.</cd> -- <col><b>In battery</b></col>,
<cd>projecting, as a gun, into an embrasure or over a parapet in readiness
for firing.</cd> -- <col><b>Masked battery</b></col>, <cd>a battery
artificially concealed until required to open upon the enemy.</cd> --
<col><b>Out of battery</b></col>, or <col><b>From battery</b></col>,
<cd>withdrawn, as a gun, to a position for loading.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A number of
coated jars (Leyden jars) so connected that they may be charged and
discharged simultaneously.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An apparatus for
generating voltaic electricity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the <i>trough battery</i>, copper and zinc plates, connected
in pairs, divide the trough into cells, which are filled with an acid or
oxidizing liquid; the effect is exhibited when wires connected with the two
end-plates are brought together. In <i>Daniell's battery</i>, the metals
are zinc and copper, the former in dilute sulphuric acid, or a solution of
sulphate of zinc, the latter in a saturated solution of sulphate of copper.
A modification of this is the common <i>gravity battery</i>, so called from
the automatic action of the two fluids, which are separated by their
specific gravities. In <i>Grove's battery</i>, platinum is the metal used
with zinc; two fluids are used, one of them in a porous cell surrounded by
the other. In <i>Bunsen's</i> or the <i>carbon battery</i>, the carbon of
gas coke is substituted for the platinum of Grove's. In
<i>Leclanch&eacute;'s battery</i>, the elements are zinc in a solution of
ammonium chloride, and gas carbon surrounded with manganese dioxide in a
porous cell. A <i>secondary battery</i> is a battery which usually has the
two plates of the same kind, generally of lead, in dilute sulphuric acid,
and which, when traversed by an electric current, becomes charged, and is
then capable of giving a current of itself for a time, owing to chemical
changes produced by the charging current. A <i>storage battery</i> is a
kind of secondary battery used for accumulating and storing the energy of
electrical charges or currents, usually by means of chemical work done by
them; an accumulator.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A number of similar machines or devices in
position; an apparatus consisting of a set of similar parts; as, a
<i>battery</i> of boilers, of retorts, condensers, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Metallurgy)</i> <def>A series of stamps operated
by one motive power, for crushing ores containing the precious
metals.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The box in which the stamps for crushing ore
play up and down.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>The pitcher and catcher
together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ting</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who bats; the management of a bat in playing games of
ball.</def>  <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cotton in sheets, prepared for use in making
quilts, etc.; as, cotton <i>batting</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"tle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fertile. See
<u>Battel</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bat"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bataille</i>,
<i>bataile</i>, F. <i>bataille</i> battle, OF., battle, battalion, fr. L.
<i>battalia</i>, <i>battualia</i>, the fighting and fencing exercises of
soldiers and gladiators, fr. <i>batuere</i> to strike, beat. Cf.
<u>Battalia</u>, 1st <u>Battel</u>, and see <u>Batter</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A general action, fight, or
encounter, in which all the divisions of an army are or may be engaged; an
engagement; a combat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A struggle; a contest; as, the <i>battle</i> of
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole intellectual <i>battle</i> that had at its center
the best poem of the best poet of that day.<BR>
<i>H. Morley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A division of an army; a battalion.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king divided his army into three <i>battles</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The cavalry, by way of distinction, was called the
<i>battle</i>, and on it alone depended the fate of every action.<BR>
<i>Robertson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The main body, as distinct from the van and
rear; battalia.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Battle</i> is used adjectively or as the first part of a self-
explaining compound; as, <i>battle</i> brand, a "brand" or sword used in
battle; <i>battle</i> cry; <i>battle</i>field; <i>battle</i> ground;
<i>battle</i> array; <i>battle</i> song.</p>

<p><col><b>Battle piece</b></col>, <cd>a painting, or a musical
composition, representing a battle.</cd> -- <col><b>Battle royal</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A fight between several gamecocks, where the one
that stands longest is the victor.</cd> <i>Grose.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A contest with fists or cudgels in which more than two are engaged; a
m&ecirc;l&eacute;e.</cd> <i>Thackeray.</i> -- <col><b>Drawn
battle</b></col>, <cd>one in which neither party gains the victory.</cd> --
<col><b>To give battle</b></col>, <cd>to attack an enemy.</cd> --
<col><b>To join battle</b></col>, <cd>to meet the attack; to engage in
battle.</cd> -- <col><b>Pitched battle</b></col>, <cd>one in which the
armies are previously drawn up in form, with a regular disposition of the
forces.</cd> -- <col><b>Wager of battle</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Wager</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Conflict; encounter; contest; action.  <u>Battle</u>,
<u>Combat</u>, <u>Fight</u>, <u>Engagement</u>. These words agree in
denoting a close encounter between contending parties. <i>Fight</i> is a
word of less dignity than the others. Except in poetry, it is more
naturally applied to the encounter of a few individuals, and more commonly
an accidental one; as, a street <i>fight</i>. A <i>combat</i> is a close
encounter, whether between few or many, and is usually premeditated. A
<i>battle</i> is commonly more general and prolonged. An <i>engagement</i>
supposes large numbers on each side, <i>engaged</i> or intermingled in the
conflict.</p>

<p><hw>Bat"tle</hw> (b&abreve;t"t'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Battled</u> (-tl'd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Battling</u>.] [F. <i>batailler</i>, fr. <i>bataille</i>. See
<u>Battle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To join in battle; to contend in
fight; as, to <i>battle</i> over theories.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To meet in arms, and <i>battle</i> in the plain.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bat"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To assail in battle; to
fight.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bat"tle-ax`</hw>  <hw>Bat"tle-axe`</hw> } (-&abreve;ks`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A kind of broadax formerly used as
an offensive weapon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"tled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Embattled.</def>
[Poetic]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat"tle*door`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>batyldour</i>. A corrupted form of uncertain origin; cf. Sp.
<i>batallador</i> a great combatant, he who has fought many battles, Pg.
<i>batalhador</i>, Pr. <i>batalhador</i>, warrior, soldier, fr. L.
<i>battalia</i>; or cf. Pr. <i>batedor</i> batlet, fr. <i>batre</i> to
beat, fr. L. <i>batuere</i>. See <u>Battle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument, with a handle and a flat part
covered with parchment or crossed with catgut, used to strike a shuttlecock
in play; also, the play of battledoor and shuttlecock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [OE. <i>battleder</i>.] <def>A child's
hornbook.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat"tle*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>batelment</i>; cf. OF. <i>bataillement</i> combat, fr. <i>batailler</i>,
also OF. <i>bastillier</i>, <i>bateillier</i>, to fortify. Cf.
<u>Battle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Bastile</u>, <u>Bastion</u>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the solid upright parts of a
parapet in ancient fortifications.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<def>The whole parapet, consisting of alternate solids and open spaces. At
first purely a military feature, afterwards copied on a smaller scale with
decorative features, as for churches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"tle*ment*ed</hw> (-m&ebreve;nt*&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having battlements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>battlemented</i> portal.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bat*tol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
battologizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat*tol"o*gize</hw> (b&abreve;t*t&obreve;l"l&osl;*j&imacr;z),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To keep repeating needlessly; to
iterate.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat*tol"o*gy</hw> (-j&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>battologie</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>battologi`a</grk>; <grk>ba`ttos</grk>; a
stammerer + <grk>lo`gos</grk>; speech.] <def>A needless repetition of words
in speaking or writing.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ton</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Batten</u>, and
<u>Baton</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bat"tue`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>battue</i>, fr.
<i>battre</i> to beat. See <u>Batter</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Battuta</u>.] <i>(Hunting)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of
beating the woods, bushes, etc., for game.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The game itself.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The wanton slaughter
of game.</def>  <i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bat`ture"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>battre</i>
to beat.] <def>An elevated river bed or sea bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bat*tu"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>battuta</i>,
fr. <i>battere</i> to beat.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The measuring of time by
beating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ty</hw> (b&abreve;t"t&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Belonging to, or resembling, a bat.</def> "<i>Batty</i> wings."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bat"ule</hw> (b&abreve;t"&umacr;l <i>or</i> b&adot;*t&oomac;l"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A springboard in a circus or gymnasium; -- called
also <i>batule board</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Batz</hw> (b&auml;ts), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Batzen</b></plw> (&?;). [Ger. <i>batz</i>, <i>batze</i>,
<i>batzen</i>, a coin bearing the image of a bear, Ger. <i>b&auml;tz</i>,
<i>betz</i>, bear.] <def>A small copper coin, with a mixture of silver,
formerly current in some parts of Germany and Switzerland. It was worth
about four cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bau*bee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bawbee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bau"ble</hw> (b&add;"b'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>baubel</i> a child's plaything, F. <i>babiole</i>, It. <i>babbola</i>,
LL. <i>baubellum</i> gem, jewel, L. <i>babulus</i>, <i>a baburrus</i>,
foolish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A trifling piece of finery; a gewgaw;
that which is gay and showy without real value; a cheap, showy
plaything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ineffective <i>bauble</i> of an Indian pagod.<BR>
<i>Sheridan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fool's club.</def> [Obs.]  "A <i>fool's
bauble</i> was a short stick with a head ornamented with an ass's ears
fantastically carved upon it."  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bau"bling</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bawbling</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bau"de*kin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bawdekin</i>
rich silk stuff, OF. <i>baudequin</i>. See <u>Baldachin</u>.] <def>The
richest kind of stuff used in garments in the Middle Ages, the web being
gold, and the woof silk, with embroidery: -- made originally at
Bagdad.</def> [Spelt also <i>baudkin</i>, <i>baudkyn</i>, <i>bawdekin</i>,
and <i>baldakin</i>.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bau"drick</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A belt. See
<u>Baldric</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bauk</hw>, <hw>Baulk</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Balk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Baun"scheidt*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the
introducer, a German named <i>Baunscheidt</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A form
of acupuncture, followed by the rubbing of the part with a stimulating
fluid.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Baux"ite</hw>, <hw>Beaux"ite</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., fr. <i>Baux</i> or <i>Beaux</i>, near Arles.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
ferruginous hydrate of alumina. It is largely used in the preparation of
aluminium and alumina, and for the lining of furnaces which are exposed to
intense heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*va"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Bavaria.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or an inhabitant of
Bavaria.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bavarian cream</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cream</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bav"a*roy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>Bavarois</i>
Bavarian.] <def>A kind of cloak or surtout.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the looped <i>bavaroy</i> the fop embrace.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 126 pr=SA !></p>

<p><hw>Ba"vi*an</hw> (b&amacr;"v&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Baboon</u>.] <def>A baboon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bav"in</hw> (b&abreve;v"&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael.
& Ir. <i>baban</i> tuft, tassel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fagot of
brushwood, or other light combustible matter, for kindling fires; refuse of
brushwood.</def> [Obs. or Dial. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Impure limestone.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Baw*bee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. corrupt. fr.
<i>halfpenny</i>.] <def>A halfpenny.</def> [Spelt also <i>baubee</i>.]
[Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Baw"ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trinket. See
<u>Bauble</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Baw"bling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Insignificant;
contemptible.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Baw"cock</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From F. <i>beau</i> fine
+ E. <i>cock</i> (the bird); or more prob. fr. OF. <i>baud</i> bold, gay +
E. <i>cock</i>. Cf. <u>Bawd</u>.] <def>A fine fellow; -- a term of
endearment.</def> [Obs.] "How now, my <i>bawcock</i> ?"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bawd</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>baude</i>, OF.
<i>balt</i>, <i>baut</i>, <i>baude</i>, bold, merry, perh. fr. OHG.
<i>bald</i> bold; or fr. Celtic, cf. W. <i>baw</i> dirt. Cf. <u>Bold</u>,
<u>Bawdry</u>.] <def>A person who keeps a house of prostitution, or
procures women for a lewd purpose; a procurer or procuress; a lewd person;
-- usually applied to a woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bawd</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To procure women for lewd
purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bawd"i*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Obscenely;
lewdly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bawd"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Obscenity;
lewdness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bawd"rick</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A belt. See
<u>Baldric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bawd"ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>baudery</i>, OF.
<i>bauderie</i>, <i>balderie</i>, boldness, joy. See <u>Bawd</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The practice of procuring women for the
gratification of lust.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Illicit intercourse; fornication.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Obscenity; filthy, unchaste language.</def> "The
pert style of the pit <i>bawdry</i>."  <i>Steele.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bawd"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dirty;
foul; -- said of clothes.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It [a garment] is al <i>bawdy</i> and to-tore also.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obscene; filthy; unchaste.</def> "A <i>bawdy</i>
story."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Baw"dy*house`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house of
prostitution; a house of ill fame; a brothel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Baw"horse`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bathorse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bawl</hw> (b&add;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bawled</u> (b&add;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bawling</u>.] [Icel. <i>baula</i> to low, bellow, as a cow; akin to Sw.
<i>b&ouml;la</i>; cf. AS <i>bellan</i>, G. <i>bellen</i> to bark, E.
<i>bellow</i>, <i>bull</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cry out with a
loud, full sound; to cry with vehemence, as in calling or exultation; to
shout; to vociferate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cry loudly, as a child from pain or
vexation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bawl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To proclaim with a loud
voice, or by outcry, as a hawker or town-crier does.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bawl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A loud, prolonged cry; an
outcry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bawl"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
bawls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bawn</hw> (b&add;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>babhun</i>
inclosure, bulwark.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure with mud or stone
walls, for keeping cattle; a fortified inclosure.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large house.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Baw"rel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>barletta</i> a
tree falcon, or hobby.] <def>A kind of hawk.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Baw"sin</hw> (&?;), <hw>Baw"son</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>bawson</i>, <i>baucyne</i>, badger (named from its color), OF.
<i>bauzan</i>, <i>bau&ccedil;ant</i>, <i>bauchant</i>, spotted with white,
pied; cf. It. <i>balzano</i>, F. <i>balzan</i>, a white-footed horse, It.
<i>balza</i> border, trimming, fr. L. <i>balteus</i> belt, border, edge.
Cf. <u>Belt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A badger.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large, unwieldy person.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bax"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bakestre</i>,
<i>bakistre</i>, AS. <i>b&aelig;cestre</i>, prop. fem. of
<i>b&aelig;cere</i> baker. See <u>Baker</u>.] <def>A baker; originally, a
female baker.</def> [Old Eng. &amp; Scotch]</p>

<p><hw>Bay</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>bai</i>, fr. L.
<i>badius</i> brown, chestnut-colored; -- used only of horses.]
<def>Reddish brown; of the color of a chestnut; -- applied to the color of
horses.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bay cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a wild cat of Africa
and the East Indies (<i>Felis aurata</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Bay
lynx</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common American lynx (<i>Felis,
or Lynx, rufa</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>baie</i>, fr. LL. <i>baia</i>.
Of uncertain origin: cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>badh</i> or <i>bagh</i> bay,
harbor, creek; Bisc. <i>baia</i>, <i>baiya</i>, harbor, and F. <i>bayer</i>
to gape, open the mouth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>An inlet
of the sea, usually smaller than a gulf, but of the same general
character.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is not used with much precision, and is often applied to
large tracts of water, around which the land forms a curve; as, Hudson's
<i>Bay</i>. The name is not restricted to tracts of water with a narrow
entrance, but is used for any recess or inlet between capes or headlands;
as, the <i>Bay</i> of Biscay.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small body of water set off from the main
body; as a compartment containing water for a wheel; the portion of a canal
just outside of the gates of a lock, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A recess or indentation shaped like a
bay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A principal compartment of the walls, roof, or
other part of a building, or of the whole building, as marked off by the
buttresses, vaulting, mullions of a window, etc.; one of the main divisions
of any structure, as the part of a bridge between two piers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A compartment in a barn, for depositing hay, or
grain in the stalks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A kind of mahogany obtained from Campeachy
Bay.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sick bay</b></col>, <cd>in vessels of war, that part of a deck
appropriated to the use of the sick.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>baie</i> a berry, the fruit of
the laurel and other trees, fr. L. <i>baca</i>, <i>bacca</i>, a small round
fruit, a berry, akin to Lith. <i>bapka</i> laurel berry.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A berry, particularly of the laurel.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The laurel tree (<i>Laurus nobilis</i>). Hence,
in the plural, an honorary garland or crown bestowed as a prize for victory
or excellence, anciently made or consisting of branches of the
laurel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The patriot's honors and the poet's <i>bays</i>.<BR>
<i>Trumbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tract covered with bay trees.</def> [Local, U.
S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bay leaf</b></col>, <cd>the leaf of the bay tree (<i>Laurus
nobilis</i>). It has a fragrant odor and an aromatic taste.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bay</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bayed</u> (b&amacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Baying</u>.]
[OE. <i>bayen</i>, <i>abayen</i>, OF. <i>abaier</i>, F. <i>aboyer</i>, to
bark; of uncertain origin.] <def>To bark, as a dog with a deep voice does,
at his game.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hounds at nearer distance hoarsely <i>bayed</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bay</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bark at; hence, to
follow with barking; to bring or drive to bay; as, to <i>bay</i> the
bear.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bay</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bay</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deep-toned, prolonged barking.</def>
"The <i>bay</i> of curs."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [OE. <i>bay</i>, <i>abay</i>, OF. <i>abai</i>, F.
<i>aboi</i> barking, pl. <i>abois</i>, prop. the extremity to which the
stag is reduced when surrounded by the dogs, barking (<i>aboyant</i>);
<i>aux abois</i> at bay.] <def>A state of being obliged to face an
antagonist or a difficulty, when escape has become impossible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Embolden'd by despair, he stood at <i>bay</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The most terrible evils are just kept at <i>bay</i> by
incessant efforts.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bay</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>b&aelig;wen</i> to
bathe, and G. <i>b&auml;hen</i> to foment.] <def>To bathe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bank or dam to keep back
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bay</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dam, as water; -- with
<i>up</i> or <i>back</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba"ya</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The East Indian weaver bird (<i>Ploceus
Philippinus</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ba*yad"</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ba*yatte"</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>bayad</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large,
edible, siluroid fish of the Nile, of two species (<i>Bagrina bayad</i> and
<i>B. docmac</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba`ya*dere"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from Pg.
<i>bailadeira</i> a female dancer, <i>bailar</i> to dance.] <def>A female
dancer in the East Indies.</def> [Written also <i>bajadere</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bay"-ant`ler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bez-
Antler</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The second tine of a stag's horn. See
under <u>Antler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bay"ard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [OF.
<i>bayard</i>, <i>baiart</i>, bay horse; <i>bai</i> bay + <i>-ard</i>. See
<u>Bay</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>-ard</u>.] <def>Properly, a bay
horse, but often any horse. Commonly in the phrase <i>blind bayard</i>, an
old blind horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blind <i>bayard</i> moves the mill.<BR>
<i>Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>bayeur</i>, fr. <i>bayer</i> to gape.]
<def>A stupid, clownish fellow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bay"ard*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Blind; stupid.</def>
[Obs.]  "A formal and <i>bayardly</i> round of duties."
<i>Goodman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bay"ber*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The fruit of the bay tree or <i>Laurus
nobilis</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tree of the West Indies
related to the myrtle (<i>Pimenta acris</i>).</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The fruit of <i>Myrica cerifera</i> (wax myrtle); the shrub itself; --
called also <i>candleberry tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bayberry tallow</b></col>, <cd>a fragrant green wax obtained
from the bayberry or wax myrtle; -- called also <i>myrtle wax</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bay"bolt`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bolt with a barbed
shank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bayed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a bay or
bays.</def> "The large <i>bayed</i> barn."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bay" ice`</hw> (&?;). <def>See under <u>Ice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bay" leaf`</hw> (&?;). <def>See under 3d <u>Bay</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bay"o*net</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bayonnette</i>,
<i>ba&iuml;onnette</i>; -- so called, it is said, because the first
bayonets were made at Bayonne.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A pointed instrument of the dagger
kind fitted on the muzzle of a musket or rifle, so as to give the soldier
increased means of offense and defense.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Originally, the bayonet was made with a handle, which required to
be fitted into the bore of the musket after the soldier had fired.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A pin which plays in and out of
holes made to receive it, and which thus serves to engage or disengage
parts of the machinery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bayonet clutch</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Clutch</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bayonet joint</b></col>, <cd>a form of coupling similar to that by
which a bayonet is fixed on the barrel of a musket.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bay"o*net</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bayoneted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bayoneting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stab with a
bayonet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To compel or drive by the bayonet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>bayonet</i> us into submission.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bay"ou</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bayous</b></plw> (&?;). [North Am. Indian <i>bayuk</i>, in F.
spelling <i>bayouc</i>, <i>bayouque</i>.] <def>An inlet from the Gulf of
Mexico, from a lake, or from a large river, sometimes sluggish, sometimes
without perceptible movement except from tide and wind.</def> [Southern U.
S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A dark slender thread of a <i>bayou</i> moves loiteringly
northeastward into a swamp of huge cypresses.<BR>
<i>G. W. Cable.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bay" rum"</hw> (&?;). <def>A fragrant liquid, used for cosmetic and
medicinal purposes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The original bay rum, from the West Indies, is prepared, it is
believed, by distillation from the leaves of the bayberry (<i>Myrcia
acris</i>).  The bay rum of the Pharmacop&oelig;ia (spirit of myrcia) is
prepared from oil of myrcia (bayberry), oil of orange peel, oil of pimento,
alcohol, and water.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Bays</hw>, <hw>Bayze</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Baize</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bay" salt`</hw> (&?;). <def>Salt which has been obtained from sea
water, by evaporation in shallow pits or basins, by the heat of the sun;
the large crystalline salt of commerce.</def>  <i>Bacon. Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bay" tree`</hw>. <def>A species of laurel. (<i>Laurus
nobilis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bay" win"dow</hw> (&?;). <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A window forming a bay
or recess in a room, and projecting outward from the wall, either in a
rectangular, polygonal, or semicircular form; -- often corruptly called a
<i>bow window</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bay" yarn`</hw> (&?;). <def>Woolen yarn.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ba*zaar"</hw>  <hw>Ba*zar"</hw> } (b&adot;*z&auml;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>b&amacr;zar</i> market.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In the East, an exchange, marketplace, or assemblage of shops where
goods are exposed for sale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spacious hall or suite of rooms for the sale
of goods, as at a fair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fair for the sale of fancy wares, toys, etc.,
commonly for a charitable object.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bdel"lium</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>bde`llion</grk>; cf. Heb. <i>b'dolakh</i> bdellium (in sense 1).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An unidentified substance mentioned in the Bible
(<i>Gen. ii. 12</i>, and <i>Num. xi. 7</i>), variously taken to be a gum, a
precious stone, or pearls, or perhaps a kind of amber found in
Arabia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gum resin of reddish brown color, brought from
India, Persia, and Africa.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Indian bdellium</i> or <i>false myrrh</i> is an exudation from
<i>Balsamodendron Roxburghii</i>. Other kinds are known as <i>African</i>,
<i>Sicilian</i>, etc.</p>

<p><hw>||Bdel*loi"de*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>bde`lla</grk> leech + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The order
of Annulata which includes the leeches. See <u>Hirudinea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bdel*lom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>bde`lla</grk> leech + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cupping
glass to which are attached a scarificator and an exhausting syringe.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bdel`lo*mor"pha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>bde`lla</grk> leech + <grk>morfh`</grk> form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of Nemertina, including the large leechlike worms
(<i>Malacobdella</i>) often parasitic in clams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Was</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Been</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Being</u>.] [OE. <i>been</i>, <i>beon</i>, AS.
<i>be&oacute;n</i> to be, <i>be&oacute;m</i> I am; akin to OHG. <i>bim</i>,
<i>pim</i>, G. <i>bin</i>, I am, Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>bu</i> was, W. <i>bod</i>
to be, Lith. <i>bu-ti</i>, O. Slav. <i>by-ti</i>, to be, L. <i>fu-i</i> I
have been, <i>fu-turus</i> about to be, <i>fo-re</i> to be about to be, and
perh. to <i>fieri</i> to become, Gr. <grk>fynai</grk> to be born, to be,
Skr. <i>bh&umacr;</i> to be.  This verb is defective, and the parts lacking
are supplied by verbs from other roots, <i>is</i>, <i>was</i>, which have
no radical connection with <i>be</i>.  The various forms, <i>am</i>,
<i>are</i>, <i>is</i>, <i>was</i>, <i>were</i>, etc., are considered
grammatically as parts of the verb "to be", which, with its conjugational
forms, is often called the <i>substantive verb</i>. &radic;97. Cf.
<u>Future</u>, <u>Physic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exist actually,
or in the world of fact; to have existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>be</i> contents his natural desire.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>be</i>, or not to <i>be</i>: that is the question.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exist in a certain manner or relation, --
whether as a reality or as a product of thought; to exist as the subject of
a certain predicate, that is, as having a certain attribute, or as
belonging to a certain sort, or as identical with what is specified, -- a
word or words for the predicate being annexed; as, to <i>be</i> happy; to
<i>be</i> here; to <i>be</i> large, or strong; to <i>be</i> an animal; to
<i>be</i> a hero; to <i>be</i> a nonentity; three and two <i>are</i> five;
annihilation <i>is</i> the cessation of existence; that <i>is</i> the
man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take place; to happen; as, the meeting
<i>was</i> on Thursday.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To signify; to represent or symbolize; to answer
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The field <i>is</i> the world.<BR>
<i>Matt. xiii. 38.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The seven candlesticks which thou sawest <i>are</i> the
seven churches.<BR>
<i>Rev. i. 20.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The verb <i>to be</i> (including the forms <i>is</i>, <i>was</i>,
etc.) is used in forming the passive voice of other verbs; as, John has
<i>been</i> struck by James. It is also used with the past participle of
many intransitive verbs to express a state of the subject. But <i>have</i>
is now more commonly used as the auxiliary, though expressing a different
sense; as, "Ye have come too late -- but ye <i>are come</i>. " "The
minstrel boy to the war <i>is gone</i>."  The present and imperfect tenses
form, with the infinitive, a particular future tense, which expresses
necessity, duty, or purpose; as, government <i>is</i> to be supported; we
<i>are</i> to pay our just debts; the deed <i>is</i> to be signed to-
morrow.</p>

<p><i>Have</i> or <i>had been</i>, followed by <i>to</i>, implies movement.
"I <i>have been to</i> Paris."  <i>Sydney Smith.</i> "<i>Have</i> you
<i>been to</i> Franchard ?" <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Been</i>, or <i>ben</i>, was anciently the plural of the
indicative present. "Ye <i>ben</i> light of the world." <i>Wyclif, Matt. v.
14.</i>  Afterwards <i>be</i> was used, as in our Bible: "They that
<i>be</i> with us are more than they that <i>be</i> with them." <i>2 Kings
vi. 16.</i> <i>Ben</i> was also the old infinitive: "To <i>ben</i> of such
power." <i>R. of Gloucester.</i> <i>Be</i> is used as a form of the present
subjunctive: "But if it <i>be</i> a question of words and names." <i>Acts
xviii. 15.</i> But the indicative forms, <i>is</i> and <i>are</i>, with
<i>if</i>, are more commonly used.</p>

<p><col><b>Be it so</b></col>, <cd>a phrase of supposition, equivalent to
suppose it to be so; or of permission, signifying let it be so.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>If so be</b></col>, <cd>in case.</cd> -- <col><b>To
be from</b></col>, <cd>to have come from; as, <i>from</i> what place
<i>are</i> you? I <i>am from</i> Chicago.</cd> -- <col><b>To let
be</b></col>, <cd>to omit, or leave untouched; to let alone.</cd> "<i>Let
be</i>, therefore, my vengeance to dissuade."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>To be</u>, <u>Exist</u>.  The verb <i>to be</i>,
except in a few rare cases, like that of Shakespeare's "To <i>be</i>, or
not to <i>be</i>", is used simply as a <i>copula</i>, to connect a subject
with its predicate; as, man <i>is</i> mortal; the soul <i>is</i> immortal.
The verb <i>to exist</i> is never properly used as a mere copula, but
points to things that <i>stand forth</i>, or have a substantive being; as,
when the soul is freed from all corporeal alliance, then it truly
<i>exists</i>. It is not, therefore, properly synonymous with <i>to be</i>
when used as a copula, though occasionally made so by some writers for the
sake of variety; as in the phrase "there <i>exists</i> [<i>is</i>] no
reason for laying new taxes." We may, indeed, say, "a friendship has long
<i>existed</i> between them," instead of saying, "there has long
<i>been</i> a friendship between them;" but in this case, <i>exist</i> is
not a mere copula. It is used in its appropriate sense to mark the
friendship as having been long in <i>existence</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Be-</hw>. [AS. <i>be</i>, and in accented form <i>b&imacr;</i>, akin
to OS. <i>be</i> and <i>b&imacr;</i>, OHG. <i>bi</i>, <i>pi</i>, and
<i>p&imacr;</i>, MHG. <i>be</i> and <i>b&imacr;</i>, G. <i>be</i> and
<i>bei</i>, Goth. <i>bi</i>, and perh. Gr. <grk>'amfi`</grk> about (cf. AS.
<i>be</i>se&oacute;n to look about). &radic;203.  Cf. <u>By</u>, <u>Amb-
</u>.] <def>A prefix, originally the same word as <i>by</i>;</def> joined
with verbs, it serves: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To intensify the meaning;
as, <i>be</i>spatter, <i>be</i>stir.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To
render an intransitive verb transitive; as, <i>be</i>fall (to fall upon);
<i>be</i>speak (to speak for).</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To make the
action of a verb particular or definite; as, <i>be</i>get (to get as
offspring); <i>be</i>set (to set around).</def></p>

<p>   It is joined with certain substantives, and a few adjectives, to form
verbs; as, <i>be</i>dew, <i>be</i>friend, <i>be</i>night, <i>be</i>sot;
<i>be</i>late (to make late); <i>be</i>little (to make little). It also
occurs in certain nouns, adverbs, and prepositions, often with something of
the force of the preposition <i>by</i>, or <i>about</i>; as, <i>be</i>lief
(believe), <i>be</i>half, <i>be</i>quest (bequeath); <i>be</i>cause,
<i>be</i>fore, <i>be</i>neath, <i>be</i>side, <i>be</i>tween.<BR>
    In some words the original force of <i>be</i> is obscured or lost; as,
in <i>be</i>come, <i>be</i>gin, <i>be</i>have, <i>be</i>hoove,
<i>be</i>long.</p>

<p><! p. 127 pr=SA !></p>

<p><hw>Beach</hw> (b&emacr;ch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Beaches</b></plw> (-&ebreve;z). [Cf. Sw. <i>backe</i> hill, Dan.
<i>bakke</i>, Icel. <i>bakki</i> hill, bank.  Cf. <u>Bank</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pebbles, collectively; shingle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The shore of the sea, or of a lake, which is
washed by the waves; especially, a sandy or pebbly shore; the
strand.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Beach flea</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common name of
many species of amphipod Crustacea, of the family <i>Orchestid&aelig;</i>,
living on the sea beaches, and leaping like fleas.</cd> -- <col><b>Beach
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a coarse grass (<i>Ammophila
arundinacea</i>), growing on the sandy shores of lakes and seas, which, by
its interlaced running rootstocks, binds the sand together, and resists the
encroachment of the waves.</cd> -- <col><b>Beach wagon</b></col>, <cd>a
light open wagon with two or more seats.</cd> -- <col><b>Raised
beach</b></col>, <cd>an accumulation of water-worn stones, gravel, sand,
and other shore deposits, above the present level of wave action, whether
actually raised by elevation of the coast, as in Norway, or left by the
receding waters, as in many lake and river regions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Beach</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Beached</u> (b&emacr;cht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beaching</u>.] <def>To run or drive (as a vessel or a boat) upon a
beach; to strand; as, to <i>beach</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beach" comb`er</hw> (&?;). <def>A long, curling wave rolling in from
the ocean. See <u>Comber</u>.</def> [Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>Beached</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bordered by a beach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>beached</i> verge of the salt flood.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Driven on a beach; stranded; drawn up on a
beach; as, the ship is <i>beached</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beach"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a beach or
beaches; formed by a beach or beaches; shingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>beachy</i> girdle of the ocean.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bea"con</hw> (b&mac;"k'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bekene</i>,
AS. <i>be&aacute;cen</i>, <i>b&emacr;cen</i>; akin to OS.
<i>b&omacr;kan</i>, Fries. <i>baken</i>, <i>beken</i>, sign, signal, D.
<i>baak</i>, OHG. <i>bouhhan</i>, G. <i>bake</i>; of unknown origin. Cf.
<u>Beckon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A signal fire to notify of the
approach of an enemy, or to give any notice, commonly of warning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No flaming <i>beacons</i> cast their blaze afar.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A signal or conspicuous mark erected on an
eminence near the shore, or moored in shoal water, as a guide to
mariners.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A high hill near the shore.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which gives notice of danger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Modest doubt is called<BR>
The <i>beacon</i> of the wise.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Beacon fire</b></col>, <cd>a signal fire.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bea"con</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beaconed</u> (-k'nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beaconing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give light to, as a beacon;
to light up; to illumine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>beacons</i> the darkness of heaven.<BR>
<i>Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a beacon or beacons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bea"con*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Money paid for the
maintenance of a beacon; also, beacons, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bea"con*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
beacon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bead</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bede</i> prayer,
prayer bead, AS. <i>bed</i>, <i>gebed</i>, prayer; akin to D. <i>bede</i>,
G. <i>bitte</i>, AS. <i>biddan</i>, to ask, bid, G. <i>bitten</i> to ask,
and perh. to Gr. <grk>pei`qein</grk> to persuade, L. <i>fidere</i> to
trust. Beads are used by the Roman Catholics to count their prayers, one
bead being dropped down a string every time a prayer is said. Cf. Sp.
<i>cuenta</i> bead, fr. <i>contar</i> to count. See <u>Bid</u>, in <i>to
bid beads</i>, and <u>Bide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prayer.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A little perforated ball, to be strung on a
thread, and worn for ornament; or used in a rosary for counting prayers, as
by Roman Catholics and Mohammedans, whence the phrases <i>to tell
beads</i>, <i>to be at one's beads</i>, <i>to bid beads</i>, etc., meaning,
to be at prayer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any small globular body</def>; as,
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bubble in spirits.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A drop of sweat or other liquid.</def>  "Cold <i>beads</i> of midnight
dew." <i>Wordsworth.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A small knob of metal on
a firearm, used for taking aim (whence the expression <i>to draw a
bead</i>, for, to take aim).</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A small molding of rounded surface, the section being usually an arc
of a circle.  It may be continuous, or broken into short embossments.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glassy drop of molten flux, as
borax or microcosmic salt, used as a solvent and color test for several
mineral earths and oxides, as of iron, manganese, etc., before the
blowpipe; as, the borax <i>bead</i>; the iron <i>bead</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bead and butt</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>framing in which the
panels are flush, having beads stuck or run upon the two edges.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Bead mold</b></col>, <cd>a species of fungus or
mold, the stems of which consist of single cells loosely jointed together
so as to resemble a string of beads.</cd> [Written also <i>bead mould</i>.]
-- <col><b>Bead tool</b></col>, <cd>a cutting tool, having an edge curved
so as to make beads or beading.</cd> -- <col><b>Bead tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree of the genus <i>Melia</i>, the best known species
of which (<i>M. azedarach</i>), has blue flowers which are very fragrant,
and berries which are poisonous.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bead</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Beaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Beading</u>.] <def>To
ornament with beads or beading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bead</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form beadlike
bubbles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bead"house`</hw>, <hw>Bede"house`</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bede</i> prayer + E. <i>house</i>. See
<u>Bead</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>An almshouse for poor people who
pray daily for their benefactors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bead"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Molding in imitation of beads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The beads or bead-forming quality of certain
liquors; as, the <i>beading</i> of a brand of whisky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bea"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bedel</i>,
<i>bidel</i>, <i>budel</i>, OF. <i>bedel</i>, F. <i>bedeau</i>, fr. OHG.
<i>butil</i>, <i>putil</i>, G. <i>b&uuml;ttel</i>, fr. OHG. <i>biotan</i>,
G. <i>bieten</i>, to bid, confused with AS. <i>bydel</i>, the same word as
OHG. <i>butil</i>. See. <u>Bid</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A messenger or crier of a court; a servitor; one
who cites or bids persons to appear and answer; -- called also an
<i>apparitor</i> or <i>summoner</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An officer in a university, who precedes public
processions of officers and students.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; In this sense the archaic spellings <i>bedel</i> (Oxford) and
<i>bedell</i> (Cambridge) are preserved.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An inferior parish officer in England having a
variety of duties, as the preservation of order in church service, the
chastisement of petty offenders, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bea"dle*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Office or
jurisdiction of a beadle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bea"dle*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being, or
the personality of, a beadle.</def>  <i>A. Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bead" proof`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Among distillers, a
certain degree of strength in alcoholic liquor, as formerly ascertained by
the floating or sinking of glass globules of different specific gravities
thrown into it; now ascertained by more accurate meters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A degree of strength in alcoholic liquor as
shown by beads or small bubbles remaining on its surface, or at the side of
the glass, when shaken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bead"roll`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>A catalogue of persons, for the rest of whose souls a certain number
of prayers are to be said or counted off on the beads of a chaplet; hence,
a catalogue in general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On Fame's eternal <i>beadroll</i> worthy to be filed.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is quite startling, on going over the <i>beadroll</i> of
English worthies, to find how few are directly represented in the male
line.<BR>
<i>Quart. Rev.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Beads"man</hw>, <hw>Bedes"man</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-men</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A poor man, supported in a
beadhouse, and required to pray for the soul of its founder; an
almsman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereby ye shall bind me to be your poor <i>beadsman</i> for
ever unto Almighty God.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bead"snake`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small poisonous snake of North America (<i>Elaps fulvius</i>),
banded with yellow, red, and black.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Beads"wom`an</hw>, <hw>Bedes"wom`an</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-women</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Fem.
of <u>Beadsman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bead"work`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ornamental work in
beads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bead"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling beads; small, round, and glistening.</def> "<i>Beady</i>
eyes."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covered or ornamented with, or as with,
beads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by beads; as, <i>beady</i>
liquor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bea"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>begele</i>; perh.
of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>beag</i> small, little, W.
<i>bach</i>. F. <i>bigle</i> is from English.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
small hound, or hunting dog, twelve to fifteen inches high, used in hunting
hares and other small game. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A spy or detective; a constable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beak</hw> (b&emacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bek</i>, F.
<i>bec</i>, fr. Celtic; cf. Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>bac</i>, <i>bacc</i>,
<i>hook</i>, W. <i>bach</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The bill or nib of a bird, consisting of a horny
sheath, covering the jaws. The form varies much according to the food and
habits of the bird, and is largely used in the classification of
birds.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A similar bill in other animals, as
the turtles.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The long projecting sucking
mouth of some insects, and other invertebrates, as in the Hemiptera.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The upper or projecting part of the shell, near
the hinge of a bivalve.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The prolongation of
certain univalve shells containing the canal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything projecting or ending in a point, like a
beak, as a promontory of land.</def>  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A beam, shod or armed at the end
with a metal head or point, and projecting from the prow of an ancient
galley, in order to pierce the vessel of an enemy; a beakhead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That part of a ship, before the
forecastle, which is fastened to the stem, and supported by the main
knee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A continuous slight projection
ending in an arris or narrow fillet; that part of a drip from which the
water is thrown off.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any process somewhat like the beak
of a bird, terminating the fruit or other parts of a plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A toe clip. See <u>Clip</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A magistrate or policeman.</def> [Slang,
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Beaked</hw> (b&emacr;kt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a beak or a beaklike point; beak-shaped.</def> "Each
<i>beaked</i> promontory."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Furnished with a process or a
mouth like a beak; rostrate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Beaked whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a cetacean of
the genus <i>Hyperoodon</i>; the bottlehead whale.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Beak"er</hw> (b&emacr;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>biker</i>; akin to Icel. <i>bikarr</i>, Sw. <i>b&auml;gare</i>, Dan.
<i>baeger</i>, G. <i>becher</i>, It. <i>bicchiere</i>; -- all fr. LL.
<i>bicarium</i>, prob. fr. Gr. <grk>bi^kos</grk> wine jar, or perh. L.
<i>bacar</i> wine vessel. Cf. <u>Pitcher</u> a jug.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A large drinking cup, with a wide mouth, supported on a foot or
standard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An open-mouthed, thin glass vessel, having a
projecting lip for pouring; -- used for holding solutions requiring
heat.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beak"head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament used in rich Norman doorways, resembling a
head with a beak.</def>  <i>Parker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
platform at the fore part of the upper deck of a vessel, which contains the
water closets of the crew.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Antiq.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Beak</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beak"i*ron</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Bickern</u>.]
<def>A bickern; a bench anvil with a long beak, adapted to reach the
interior surfaces of sheet metal ware; the horn of an anvil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beal</hw> (b&emacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Boil</u> a
tumor.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A small inflammatory tumor; a pustule.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Beal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bealed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bealing</u>.]
<def>To gather matter; to swell and come to a head, as a pimple.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Be"-all`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The whole; all that
is to be.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beam</hw> (b&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>be&aacute;m</i>
beam, post, tree, ray of light; akin to OFries. <i>b&amacr;m</i> tree, OS.
<i>b&omacr;m</i>, D. <i>boom</i>, OHG. <i>boum</i>, <i>poum</i>, G.
<i>baum</i>, Icel. <i>ba&eth;mr</i>, Goth. <i>bagms</i> and Gr.
<grk>fy^ma</grk> a growth, <grk>fy^nai</grk> to become, to be. Cf. L.
<i>radius</i> staff, rod, spoke of a wheel, beam or ray, and G.
<i>strahl</i> arrow, spoke of a wheel, ray or beam, flash of lightning.
&radic;97. See <u>Be</u>; cf. <u>Boom</u> a spar.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any large piece of timber or iron long in proportion to its thickness,
and prepared for use.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the principal horizontal timbers of a
building or ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>beams</i> of a vessel are strong pieces of timber
stretching across from side to side to support the decks.<BR>
<i>Totten.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The width of a vessel; as, one vessel is said to
have more <i>beam</i> than another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The bar of a balance, from the ends of which the
scales are suspended.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The doubtful <i>beam</i> long nods from side to side.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The principal stem or horn of a stag or other
deer, which bears the antlers, or branches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The pole of a carriage.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A cylinder of wood, making part of a loom, on
which weavers wind the warp before weaving; also, the cylinder on which the
cloth is rolled, as it is woven; one being called the <i>fore beam</i>, the
other the <i>back beam</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The straight part or shank of an
anchor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The main part of a plow, to which the handles
and colter are secured, and to the end of which are attached the oxen or
horses that draw it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>A heavy iron lever having
an oscillating motion on a central axis, one end of which is connected with
the piston rod from which it receives motion, and the other with the crank
of the wheel shaft; -- called also <i>working beam</i> or <i>walking
beam</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A ray or collection of parallel rays emitted
from the sun or other luminous body; as, a <i>beam</i> of light, or of
heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How far that little candle throws his <i>beams</i>!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A ray; a gleam; as, a <i>beam</i> of
comfort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mercy with her genial <i>beam</i>.<BR>
<i>Keble.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>One of the long feathers in the wing of a hawk;
-- called also <i>beam feather</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Abaft the beam</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>in an arc of the
horizon between a line that crosses the ship at right angles, or in the
direction of her beams, and that point of the compass toward which her
stern is directed.</cd> -- <col><b>Beam center</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>the fulcrum or pin on which the working beam of an engine
vibrates.</cd> -- <col><b>Beam compass</b></col>, <cd>an instrument
consisting of a rod or beam, having sliding sockets that carry steel or
pencil points; -- used for drawing or describing large circles.</cd> --
<col><b>Beam engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine having a working beam to
transmit power, in distinction from one which has its piston rod attached
directly to the crank of the wheel shaft.</cd> -- <col><b>Before the
beam</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>in an arc of the horizon included
between a line that crosses the ship at right angles and that point of the
compass toward which the ship steers.</cd> -- <col><b>On the
beam</b></col>, <cd>in a line with the beams, or at right angles with the
keel.</cd> -- <col><b>On the weather beam</b></col>, <cd>on the side of a
ship which faces the wind.</cd> -- <col><b>To be on her beam
ends</b></col>, <cd>to incline, as a vessel, so much on one side that her
beams approach a vertical position.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Beam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Beamed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Beaming</u>.]
<def>To send forth; to emit; -- followed ordinarily by <i>forth</i>; as, to
<i>beam</i> forth light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beam</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To emit beams of
light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>beamed</i>, the daystar of the rising age.<BR>
<i>Trumbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Beam"bird`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small European flycatcher (<i>Muscicapa grisola</i>), so called
because it often nests on a beam in a building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beamed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with beams,
as the head of a stag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tost his <i>beamed</i> frontlet to the sky.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Beam"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beamy;
radiant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beam"i*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a beaming
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beam"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
beamy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beam"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Emitting beams;
radiant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beam"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a beaming manner;
radiantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beam"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
having a beam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not emitting light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beam"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small beam of
light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beam" tree`</hw> (&?;). [AS. <i>be&aacute;m</i> a tree. See
<u>Beam</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree (<i>Pyrus aria</i>) related to the
apple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beam"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Emitting beams of light; radiant; shining.</def> "<i>Beamy</i> gold."
<i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><! p. 128 pr=SA !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a beam in size and weight;
massy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His double-biting ax, and <i>beamy</i> spear.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having horns, or antlers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Beamy</i> stags in toils engage.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bean</hw> (b&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bene</i>, AS.
<i>be&aacute;n</i>; akin to D. <i>boon</i>, G. <i>bohne</i>, OHG.
<i>p&omacr;na</i>, Icel. <i>baun</i>, Dan. <i>b&ouml;nne</i>, Sw.
<i>b&ouml;na</i>, and perh. to Russ. <i>bob</i>, L. <i>faba</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to the seed of certain
leguminous herbs, chiefly of the genera <i>Faba</i>, <i>Phaseolus</i>, and
<i>Dolichos</i>; also, to the herbs.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The origin and classification of many kinds are still doubtful.
Among true beans are: the black-eyed bean and China bean, included in
<i>Dolichos Sinensis</i>; black Egyptian bean or hyacinth bean, <i>D.
Lablab</i>; the common haricot beans, kidney beans, string beans, and pole
beans, all included in <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>; the lower bush bean,
<i>Ph. vulgaris</i>, variety <i>nanus</i>; Lima bean, <i>Ph. lunatus</i>;
Spanish bean and scarlet runner, <i>Ph. multiflorus</i>; Windsor bean, the
common bean of England, <i>Faba vulgaris</i>.</p>

<p>As an article of food beans are classed with vegetables.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The popular name of other vegetable seeds or
fruits, more or less resembling true beans.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bean aphis</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a plant louse
(<i>Aphis fab&aelig;</i>) which infests the bean plant.</cd> --
<col><b>Bean fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fly found on bean
flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Bean goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
species of goose (<i>Anser segetum</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Bean
weevil</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small weevil that in the larval
state destroys beans. The American species is <i>Bruchus
fab&aelig;</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Florida bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the seed of <i>Mucuna urens</i>, a West Indian plant. The seeds are
washed up on the Florida shore, and are often polished and made into
ornaments.</cd> -- <col><b>Ignatius bean</b></col>, or <col><b>St.
Ignatius's bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of
<i>Strychnos</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Navy bean</b></col>, <cd>the common dried
white bean of commerce; probably so called because an important article of
food in the navy.</cd> -- <col><b>Pea bean</b></col>, <cd>a very small and
highly esteemed variety of the edible white bean; -- so called from its
size.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacred bean</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Sacred</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw bean</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Screw</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea bean</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Same as <u>Florida bean</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A red bean of
unknown species used for ornament.</cd> -- <col><b>Tonquin bean</b></col>,
or <col><b>Tonka bean</b></col>, <cd>the fragrant seed of <i>Dipteryx
odorata</i>, a leguminous tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Vanilla bean</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Vanilla</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bean" ca`per</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A deciduous plant of warm
climates, generally with fleshy leaves and flowers of a yellow or whitish
yellow color, of the genus <i>Zygophyllum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bean" tre"foil</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leguminous shrub of
southern Europe, with trifoliate leaves (<i>Anagyris
f&oelig;tida</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bear</hw> (b&acirc;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Bore</u> (b&omacr;r) (formerly <u>Bare</u>
(b&acirc;r)); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Born</u> (b&ocirc;rn),
<u>Borne</u> (b&omacr;r); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bearing</u>.] [OE. <i>beren</i>, AS. <i>beran</i>, <i>beoran</i>, to
bear, carry, produce; akin to D. <i>baren</i> to bring forth, G.
<i>geb&auml;ren</i>, Goth. <i>ba&iacute;ran</i> to bear or carry, Icel.
<i>bera</i>, Sw. <i>b&auml;ra</i>, Dan. <i>b&aelig;re</i>, OHG.
<i>beran</i>, <i>peran</i>, L. <i>ferre</i> to bear, carry, produce, Gr.
<grk>fe`rein</grk>, OSlav. <i>brati</i> to take, carry, OIr. <i>berim</i> I
bear, Skr. <i>bh&rsdot;</i> to bear.  &radic;92.  Cf. <u>Fertile</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To support or sustain; to hold up.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To support and remove or carry; to
convey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll <i>bear</i> your logs the while.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To conduct; to bring; -- said of persons.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bear</i> them to my house.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To possess and use, as power; to
exercise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man should <i>bear</i> rule in his own house.<BR>
<i>Esther i. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To sustain; to have on (written or inscribed, or
as a mark), as, the tablet <i>bears</i> this inscription.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To possess or carry, as a mark of authority or
distinction; to wear; as, to <i>bear</i> a sword, badge, or name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To possess mentally; to carry or hold in the
mind; to entertain; to harbor</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ancient grudge I <i>bear</i> him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To endure; to tolerate; to undergo; to
suffer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Should such a man, too fond to rule alone,<BR>
<i>Bear</i>, like the Turk, no brother near the throne.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I cannot <i>bear</i><BR>
The murmur of this lake to hear.<BR>
<i>Shelley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>My punishment is greater than I can <i>bear</i>.<BR>
<i>Gen. iv. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To gain or win.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some think to <i>bear</i> it by speaking a great word.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>She was . . . found not guilty, through <i>bearing</i> of
friends and bribing of the judge.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To sustain, or be answerable for, as blame,
expense, responsibility, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall <i>bear</i> their iniquities.<BR>
<i>Is. liii. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Somewhat that will <i>bear</i> your charges.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To render or give; to bring forward.</def>
"Your testimony <i>bear</i>"  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To carry on, or maintain; to have.</def> "The
credit of <i>bearing</i> a part in the conversation."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To admit or be capable of; that is, to suffer
or sustain without violence, injury, or change.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all criminal cases the most favorable interpretation
should be put on words that they can possibly <i>bear</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>To manage, wield, or direct.</def> "Thus must
thou thy body <i>bear</i>." <i>Shak.</i> Hence: <def>To behave; to
conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath he <i>borne</i> himself penitently in prison?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>To afford; to be to; to supply with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His faithful dog shall <i>bear</i> him company.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth or produce; to yield; as, to
<i>bear</i> apples; to <i>bear</i> children; to <i>bear</i>
interest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here dwelt the man divine whom Samos <i>bore</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In the passive form of this verb, the best modern usage restricts
the past participle <i>born</i> to the sense of <i>brought forth</i>, while
<i>borne</i> is used in the other senses of the word. In the active form,
<i>borne</i> alone is used as the past participle.</p>

<p><col><b>To bear down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To force into a
lower place; to carry down; to depress or sink.</cd> "His nose, . . . large
as were the others, <i>bore</i> them <i>down</i> into insignificance."
<i>Marryat.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To overthrow or crush by force; as,
to <i>bear down</i> an enemy.</cd> -- <col><b>To bear a hand</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To help; to give assistance.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To make haste; to be quick.</cd> --
<col><b>To bear in hand</b></col>, <cd>to keep (one) up in expectation,
usually by promises never to be realized; to amuse by false pretenses; to
delude.</cd> [Obs.]  "How you were <i>borne in hand</i>, how crossed."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To bear in mind</b></col>, <cd>to remember.</cd> --
<col><b>To bear off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To restrain; to keep
from approach.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To remove to a
distance; to keep clear from rubbing against anything; as, to <i>bear
off</i> a blow; to <i>bear off</i> a boat.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To
gain; to carry off, as a prize.</cd> -- <col><b>To bear one hard</b></col>,
<cd>to owe one a grudge.</cd> [Obs.]  "C&aelig;sar doth <i>bear me
hard</i>." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To bear out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To maintain and support to the end; to defend to
the last.</cd>  "Company only can <i>bear</i> a man <i>out</i> in an ill
thing." <i>South.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To corroborate; to
confirm.</cd> -- <col><b>To bear up</b></col>, <cd>to support; to keep from
falling or sinking.</cd>  "Religious hope <i>bears up</i> the mind under
sufferings." <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To uphold; sustain; maintain; support; undergo; suffer;
endure; tolerate; carry; convey; transport; waft.</p>

<p><hw>Bear</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
produce, as fruit; to be fruitful, in opposition to barrenness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This age to blossom, and the next to <i>bear</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suffer, as in carrying a burden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But man is born to <i>bear</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To endure with patience; to be
patient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not, can not <i>bear</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To press; -- with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>, or
<i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These men <i>bear</i> hard on the suspected party.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To take effect; to have influence or force; as,
to bring matters to <i>bear</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To relate or refer; -- with <i>on</i> or
<i>upon</i>; as, how does this <i>bear</i> on the question?</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To have a certain meaning, intent, or
effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her sentence <i>bore</i> that she should stand a certain
time upon the platform.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To be situated, as to the point of compass, with
respect to something else; as, the land <i>bears</i> N. by E.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To bear against</b></col>, <cd>to approach for attack or
seizure; as, a lion <i>bears against</i> his prey.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>To bear away</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to change the course of
a ship, and make her run before the wind.</cd> -- <col><b>To bear
back</b></col>, <cd>to retreat.</cd>  "<i>Bearing back</i> from the blows
of their sable antagonist." <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> -- <col><b>To bear down
upon</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to approach from the windward side; as,
the fleet <i>bore down upon</i> the enemy.</cd> -- <col><b>To bear in
with</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to run or tend toward; as, a ship
<i>bears in with</i> the land.</cd> -- <col><b>To bear off</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to steer away, as from land.</cd> -- <col><b>To bear
up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be supported; to have fortitude;
to be firm; not to sink; as, to <i>bear up</i> under afflictions.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To put the helm up (or to windward)
and so put the ship before the wind; to bear away.</cd>  <i>Hamersly.</i> -
- <col><b>To bear upon</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to be pointed or
situated so as to affect; to be pointed directly against, or so as to hit
(the object); as, to bring or plant guns so as to <i>bear upon</i> a fort
or a ship; the artillery <i>bore upon</i> the center.</cd> -- <col><b>To
bear up to</b></col>, <cd>to tend or move toward; as, to <i>bear up to</i>
one another.</cd> -- <col><b>To bear with</b></col>, <cd>to endure; to be
indulgent to; to forbear to resent, oppose, or punish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bear</hw> (b&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bier.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bear</hw> (b&acirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bere</i>, AS.
<i>bera</i>; akin to D. <i>beer</i>, OHG. <i>bero</i>, <i>pero</i>, G.
<i>b&auml;r</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>bj&ouml;rn</i>, and possibly to L.
<i>fera</i> wild beast, Gr. <grk>fh`r</grk> beast, Skr. <i>bhalla</i>
bear.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of the genus
<i>Ursus</i>, and of the closely allied genera.  Bears are plantigrade
Carnivora, but they live largely on fruit and insects.</def></p>

<p>The European brown bear (<i>U. arctos</i>), the white polar bear (<i>U.
maritimus</i>), the grizzly bear (<i>U. horribilis</i>), the American black
bear, and its variety the cinnamon bear (<i>U. Americanus</i>), the Syrian
bear (<i>Ursus Syriacus</i>), and the sloth bear, are among the notable
species.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal which has some
resemblance to a bear in form or habits, but no real affinity; as, the
woolly <i>bear</i>; ant <i>bear</i>; water <i>bear</i>; sea
<i>bear.</i></def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of two constellations in
the northern hemisphere, called respectively the <i>Great Bear</i> and the
<i>Lesser Bear</i>, or <i>Ursa Major</i> and <i>Ursa Minor</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Metaphorically: A brutal, coarse, or morose
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>A person who sells
stocks or securities for future delivery in expectation of a fall in the
market.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>bears</i> and <i>bulls</i> of the Stock Exchange, whose
interest it is, the one to depress, and the other to raise, stocks, are
said to be so called in allusion to the bear's habit of pulling down, and
the bull's of tossing up.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A portable punching
machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A block covered with coarse
matting; -- used to scour the deck.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Australian bear</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Koala</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bear baiting</b></col>, <cd>the sport of
baiting bears with dogs.</cd> -- <col><b>Bear caterpillar</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hairy larva of a moth, esp. of the genus
<i>Euprepia</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bear garden</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A place where bears are kept for diversion or fighting.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any place where riotous conduct is common or
permitted.</cd> <i>M. Arnold.</i> -- <col><b>Bear leader</b></col>, <cd>one
who leads about a performing bear for money; hence, a facetious term for
one who takes charge of a young man on his travels.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>To
endeavor to depress the price of, or prices in; as, to <i>bear</i> a
railroad stock; to <i>bear</i> the market.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bear</hw>, <hw>Bere</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>bere</i>. See <u>Barley</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Barley; the six-rowed
barley or the four-rowed barley, commonly the former (<i>Hordeum
hexastichon</i> or <i>H. vulgare</i>).</def> [Obs. except in North of Eng.
and Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Bear"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
borne or endured; tolerable.</def> -- <wf>Bear"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bear"ber*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
trailing plant of the heath family (<i>Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</i>), having
leaves which are tonic and astringent, and glossy red berries of which
bears are said to be fond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bear"bind`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
bindweed (<i>Convolvulus arvensis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Beard</hw> (b&emacr;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>berd</i>, AS.
<i>beard</i>; akin to Fries. <i>berd</i>, D. <i>baard</i>, G. <i>bart</i>,
Lith. <i>barzda</i>, OSlav. <i>brada</i>, Pol. <i>broda</i>, Russ.
<i>boroda</i>, L. <i>barba</i>, W. <i>barf</i>. Cf. 1st <u>Barb</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The hair that grows on the chin, lips, and
adjacent parts of the human face, chiefly of male adults.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The long
hairs about the face in animals, as in the goat.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The cluster of small feathers at the base of the beak in some
birds</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The appendages to the jaw in some
Cetacea, and to the mouth or jaws of some fishes.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>The byssus of certain shellfish, as the muscle.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The gills of some bivalves, as the oyster.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>In insects, the hairs of the labial palpi of moths
and butterflies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Long or stiff hairs on a plant;
the awn; as, the <i>beard</i> of grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A barb or sharp point of an arrow or other
instrument, projecting backward to prevent the head from being easily drawn
out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That part of the under side of a horse's lower
jaw which is above the chin, and bears the curb of a bridle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>That part of a type which is
between the shoulder of the shank and the face.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An imposition; a trick.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Beard grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a coarse, perennial
grass of different species of the genus <i>Andropogon</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To one's beard</b></col>, <cd>to one's face; in open
defiance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Beard</hw> (b&emacr;rd), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bearded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bearding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take by the beard; to seize,
pluck, or pull the beard of (a man), in anger or contempt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To oppose to the face; to set at
defiance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No admiral, <i>bearded</i> by these corrupt and dissolute
minions of the palace, dared to do more than mutter something about a court
martial.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the gills; -- used only of oysters
and similar shellfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beard"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a beard.</def>
"<i>Bearded</i> fellow." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Bearded</i> grain."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bearded vulture</b></col>, <col><b>Bearded eagle</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Lammergeir</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bearded
tortoise</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Matamata</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Beard"ie</hw> (b&emacr;rd"&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Beard</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bearded
loach (<i>Nemachilus barbatus</i>) of Europe.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Beard"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Without a beard. Hence: Not having arrived at puberty or manhood;
youthful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of an awn; as, <i>beardless</i>
wheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beard"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being destitute of beard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bear"er</hw> (b&acirc;r"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, bears, sustains, or
carries.</def> "<i>Bearers</i> of burdens." <i>2 Chron. ii. 18.</i> "The
<i>bearer</i> of unhappy news."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: One who assists in carrying a body
to the grave; a pallbearer.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A palanquin carrier; also, a house
servant.</def> [India]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A tree or plant yielding fruit; as, a good
<i>bearer</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>One who holds a check, note,
draft, or other order for the payment of money; as, pay to
<i>bearer</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A strip of reglet or other
furniture to bear off the impression from a blank page; also, a type or
type-high piece of metal interspersed in blank parts to support the plate
when it is shaved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bear"herd`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man who tends a
bear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bear"hound`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hound for
baiting or hunting bears.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bear"ing</hw> (b&acirc;r"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The manner in which one bears or conducts one's
self; mien; behavior; carriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know him by his <i>bearing</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Patient endurance; suffering without
complaint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The situation of one object, with respect to
another, such situation being supposed to have a connection with the
object, or influence upon it, or to be influenced by it; hence, relation;
connection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But of this frame, the <i>bearings</i> and the ties,<BR>
The strong connections, nice dependencies.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Purport; meaning; intended significance;
aspect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act, power, or time of producing or giving
birth; as, a tree in full <i>bearing</i>; a tree past
<i>bearing</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[His mother] in travail of his <i>bearing</i>.<BR>
<i>R. of Gloucester.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of
any member of a building which rests upon its supports; as, a lintel or
beam may have four inches of <i>bearing</i> upon the wall.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The portion of a support on which anything
rests.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Improperly, the unsupported span; as,
the beam has twenty feet of <i>bearing</i> between its supports.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The part of
an axle or shaft in contact with its support, collar, or boxing; the
journal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The part of the support on which a
journal rests and rotates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Any single emblem or charge in an
escutcheon or coat of arms -- commonly in the <i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p><blockquote>A carriage covered with armorial <i>bearings</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The situation
of a distant object, with regard to a ship's position, as on the bow, on
the lee quarter, etc.; the direction or point of the compass in which an
object is seen; as, the <i>bearing</i> of the cape was W. N. W.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>The widest part of a vessel below the
plank-sheer.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>The line of
flotation of a vessel when properly trimmed with cargo or
ballast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ball bearings</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ball</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To bring one to his bearings</b></col>, <cd>to bring one to his
senses.</cd> -- <col><b>To lose one's bearings</b></col>, <cd>to become
bewildered.</cd> -- <col><b>To take bearings</b></col>, <cd>to ascertain by
the compass the position of an object; to ascertain the relation of one
object or place to another; to ascertain one's position by reference to
landmarks or to the compass; hence (Fig.), to ascertain the condition of
things when one is in trouble or perplexity.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deportment; gesture; mien; behavior; manner; carriage;
demeanor; port; conduct; direction; relation; tendency; influence.</p>

<p><hw>Bear"ing cloth`</hw> (kl&obreve;th`; 115). <def>A cloth with which a
child is covered when carried to be baptized.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bear"ing rein`</hw> (&?;). <def>A short rein looped over the check
hook or the hames to keep the horse's head up; -- called in the United
States a <i>checkrein</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bear"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of the qualities
of a bear; resembling a bear in temper or manners.</def>
<i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bear"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Behavior like that of
a bear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bearn</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Bairn</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bear's"-breech`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>See <u>Acanthus</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
1.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The English cow parsnip (<i>Heracleum
sphondylium</i>)</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><! p. 129 pr=SA !></p>

<p><hw>Bear's-ear`</hw> (b&acirc;rz"&emacr;r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of primrose (<i>Primula auricula</i>), so called
from the shape of the leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bear's"-foot`</hw> (-f&oocr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A species of hellebore (<i>Helleborus f&oelig;tidus</i>), with
digitate leaves. It has an offensive smell and acrid taste, and is a
powerful emetic, cathartic, and anthelmintic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bear"skin`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The skin of a bear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coarse, shaggy, woolen cloth for
overcoats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cap made of bearskin, esp. one worn by
soldiers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bear's"-paw`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large bivalve shell of the East Indies (<i>Hippopus maculatus</i>),
often used as an ornament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bear"ward`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bear</i> +
<i>ward</i> a keeper.] <def>A keeper of bears. See <u>Bearherd</u>.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beast</hw> (b&emacr;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>best</i>,
<i>beste</i>, OF. <i>beste</i>, F. <i>b&ecirc;te</i>, fr. L.
<i>bestia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any living creature; an animal; --
including man, insects, etc.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any four-footed animal, that may be used for
labor, food, or sport; as, a <i>beast</i> of burden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A righteous man regardeth the life of his <i>beast</i>.<BR>
<i>Prov. xii. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>As opposed to <i>man</i>: Any irrational
animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A coarse, brutal, filthy, or degraded
fellow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A game at cards similar to loo.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A penalty at beast, omber, etc. Hence: To be
beasted, to be beaten at beast, omber, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Beast royal</b></col>, <cd>the lion.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Beast</u>, <u>Brute</u>.  When we use these words in a
figurative sense, as applicable to human beings, we think of <i>beasts</i>
as mere animals governed by animal appetite; and of <i>brutes</i> as being
destitute of reason or moral feeling, and governed by unrestrained passion.
Hence we speak of <i>beastly</i> appetites; <i>beastly</i> indulgences,
etc.; and of <i>brutal</i> manners; <i>brutal</i> inhumanity; <i>brutal</i>
ferocity. So, also, we say of a drunkard, that he first made himself a
<i>beast</i>, and then treated his family like a <i>brute</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Beast"hood</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or nature of
a beast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beast"ings</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Biestings</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beast"li*head</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Beastly</i> +
<i>-head</i> state.] <def>Beastliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beast"like"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
beast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beast"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being beastly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beast"ly</hw> (b&emacr;st"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or having the form, nature, or
habits of, a beast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Beastly</i> divinities and droves of gods.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterizing the nature of a beast; contrary
to the nature and dignity of man; brutal; filthy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>beastly</i> vice of drinking to excess.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Abominable; as, <i>beastly</i> weather.</def>
[Colloq. Eng.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bestial; brutish; irrational; sensual; degrading.</p>

<p><hw>Beat</hw> (b&emacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Beat</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Beat</u>,
<u>Beaten</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Beating</u>.]
[OE. <i>beaten</i>, <i>beten</i>, AS. <i>be&aacute;tan</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>bauta</i>, OHG. <i>b&?;zan</i>. Cf. 1st <u>Butt</u>, <u>Button</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike repeatedly; to lay repeated blows upon;
as, to <i>beat</i> one's breast; to <i>beat</i> iron so as to shape it; to
<i>beat</i> grain, in order to force out the seeds; to <i>beat</i> eggs and
sugar; to <i>beat</i> a drum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt <i>beat</i> some of it [spices] very small.<BR>
<i>Ex. xxx. 36.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They did <i>beat</i> the gold into thin plates.<BR>
<i>Ex. xxxix. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To punish by blows; to thrash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To scour or range over in hunting, accompanied
with the noise made by striking bushes, etc., for the purpose of rousing
game.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>beat</i> the woods, and rouse the bounding prey.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dash against, or strike, as with water or
wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A frozen continent . . . <i>beat</i> with perpetual
storms.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To tread, as a path.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pass awful gulfs, and <i>beat</i> my painful way.<BR>
<i>Blackmore.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To overcome in a battle, contest, strife, race,
game, etc.; to vanquish or conquer; to surpass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>beat</i> them in a bloody battle.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>For loveliness, it would be hard to <i>beat</i> that.<BR>
<i>M. Arnold.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To cheat; to chouse; to swindle; to defraud; --
often with <i>out</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To exercise severely; to perplex; to
trouble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should any one . . . <i>beat</i> his head about the
Latin grammar who does not intend to be a critic?<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To give the signal for, by beat of
drum; to sound by beat of drum; as, to <i>beat</i> an alarm, a charge, a
parley, a retreat; to <i>beat</i> the general, the reveille, the tattoo.
See <u>Alarm</u>, <u>Charge</u>, <u>Parley</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To beat down</b></col>, <cd>to haggle with (any one) to secure a
lower price; to force down.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To beat
into</b></col>, <cd>to teach or instill, by repetition.</cd> -- <col><b>To
beat off</b></col>, <cd>to repel or drive back.</cd> -- <col><b>To beat
out</b></col>, <cd>to extend by hammering.</cd> -- <col><b>To beat out
of</b></col> a thing, <cd>to cause to relinquish it, or give it up.</cd>
"Nor can anything <i>beat</i> their posterity <i>out of it</i> to this
day." <i>South.</i> -- <col><b>To beat the dust</b></col>. <i>(Man.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To take in too little ground with the fore legs, as
a horse.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To perform curvets too precipitately
or too low.</cd> -- <col><b>To beat the hoof</b></col>, <cd>to walk; to go
on foot.</cd> -- <col><b>To beat the wing</b></col>, <cd>to flutter; to
move with fluttering agitation.</cd> -- <col><b>To beat time</b></col>,
<cd>to measure or regulate time in music by the motion of the hand or
foot.</cd> -- <col><b>To beat up</b></col>, <cd>to attack suddenly; to
alarm or disturb; as, to <i>beat up</i> an enemy's quarters.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To strike; pound; bang; buffet; maul; drub; thump; baste;
thwack; thrash; pommel; cudgel; belabor; conquer; defeat; vanquish;
overcome.</p>

<p><hw>Beat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike
repeatedly; to inflict repeated blows; to knock vigorously or
loudly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The men of the city . . . <i>beat</i> at the door.<BR>
<i>Judges. xix. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move with pulsation or throbbing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand hearts <i>beat</i> happily.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come or act with violence; to dash or fall
with force; to strike anything, as rain, wind, and waves do.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sees rolling tempests vainly <i>beat</i> below.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They [winds] <i>beat</i> at the crazy casement.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun <i>beat</i> upon the head of Jonah, that he fainted,
and wished in himself to die.<BR>
<i>Jonah iv. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Public envy seemeth to <i>beat</i> chiefly upon
ministers.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be in agitation or doubt.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>To still my <i>beating</i> mind.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To make progress against the
wind, by sailing in a zigzag line or traverse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To make a sound when struck; as, the drums
<i>beat</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To make a succession of strokes on
a drum; as, the drummers <i>beat</i> to call soldiers to their
quarters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Acoustics &amp; Mus.)</i> <def>To sound with more or
less rapid alternations of greater and less intensity, so as to produce a
pulsating effect; -- said of instruments, tones, or vibrations, not
perfectly in unison.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A beating wind</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a wind which
necessitates tacking in order to make progress.</cd> -- <col><b>To beat
about</b></col>, <cd>to try to find; to search by various means or
ways.</cd> <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To beat about the bush</b></col>,
<cd>to approach a subject circuitously.</cd> -- <col><b>To beat up and
down</b></col> <i>(Hunting)</i>, <cd>to run first one way and then another;
-- said of a stag.</cd> -- <col><b>To beat up for recruits</b></col>,
<cd>to go diligently about in order to get helpers or participators in an
enterprise.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Beat</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
stroke; a blow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He, with a careless <i>beat</i>,<BR>
Struck out the mute creation at a heat.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A recurring stroke; a throb; a pulsation; as, a
<i>beat</i> of the heart; the <i>beat</i> of the pulse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The rise or
fall of the hand or foot, marking the divisions of time; a division of the
measure so marked. In the rhythm of music the <i>beat</i> is the
unit.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A transient grace note, struck
immediately before the one it is intended to ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Acoustics &amp; Mus.)</i> <def>A sudden swelling or
re&euml;nforcement of a sound, recurring at regular intervals, and produced
by the interference of sound waves of slightly different periods of
vibrations; applied also, by analogy, to other kinds of wave motions; the
pulsation or throbbing produced by the vibrating together of two tones not
quite in unison. See <u>Beat</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A round or course which is frequently gone over;
as, a watchman's <i>beat</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A place of habitual or frequent
resort.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A cheat or swindler of the lowest grade; --
often emphasized by <i>dead</i>; as, a <i>dead beat</i>.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><col><b>Beat of drum</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a succession of
strokes varied, in different ways, for particular purposes, as to regulate
a march, to call soldiers to their arms or quarters, to direct an attack,
or retreat, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Beat of a watch</b></col>, or
<col><b>clock</b></col>, <cd>the stroke or sound made by the action of the
escapement.  A clock is <i>in beat</i> or out <i>of beat</i>, according as
the stroke is at equal or unequal intervals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Beat</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weary; tired; fatigued;
exhausted.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Quite <i>beat</i>, and very much vexed and disappointed.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Beat"en</hw> (b&emacr;t"'n; 95), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made smooth by beating or treading; worn by
use.</def>  "A broad and <i>beaten</i> way." <i>Milton.</i> "<i>Beaten</i>
gold." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vanquished; conquered; baffled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exhausted; tired out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Become common or trite; as, a <i>beaten</i>
phrase.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Tried; practiced.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beat"er</hw> (b&emacr;t"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, beats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who beats up game for the
hunters.</def>  <i>Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beath</hw> (b&emacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>be&eth;ian</i> to foment.] <def>To bathe; also, to dry or heat, as
unseasoned wood.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Be`a*tif"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Be`a*tif"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>b&eacute;atifique</i>, L.
<i>beatificus</i>. See <u>Beatify</u>.] <def>Having the power to impart or
complete blissful enjoyment; blissful.</def>  "The <i>beatific</i> vision."
<i>South.</i> -- <wf>Be`a*tif"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Be`a*tif"i*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
beatify.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*at`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>b&eacute;atification</i>.] <def>The act of beatifying, or the state of
being beatified; esp., in the R. C. Church, the act or process of
ascertaining and declaring that a deceased person is one of "the blessed,"
or has attained the second degree of sanctity, -- usually a stage in the
process of canonization.</def> "The <i>beatification</i> of his spirit."
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*at"i*fy</hw> (b&esl;*&abreve;t"&ibreve;*f&imacr;), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Beatified</u> (-f&imacr;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Beatifying</u>.] [L.
<i>beatificare</i>; <i>beatus</i> happy (fr. <i>beare</i> to bless, akin to
<i>bonus</i> good) + <i>facere</i> to make: cf. F. <i>b&eacute;atifier</i>.
See <u>Bounty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pronounce or regard as
happy, or supremely blessed, or as conferring happiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The common conceits and phrases that <i>beatify</i>
wealth.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make happy; to bless with the completion of
celestial enjoyment.</def> "<i>Beatified</i> spirits."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>To ascertain and declare, by
a public process and decree, that a deceased person is one of "the
blessed," and is to be reverenced as such, though not canonized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beat"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of striking or giving blows; punishment or chastisement by
blows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pulsation; throbbing; as, the <i>beating</i> of
the heart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Acoustics &amp; Mus.)</i> <def>Pulsative sounds. See
<u>Beat</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The process of sailing against
the wind by tacks in zigzag direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*at"i*tude</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>beatitudo</i>:
cf. F. <i>b&eacute;atitude</i>. See <u>Beatify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Felicity of the highest kind; consummate bliss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any one of the nine declarations (called <i>the
Beatitudes</i>), made in the Sermon on the Mount (<i>Matt. v. 3-12</i>),
with regard to the blessedness of those who are distinguished by certain
specified virtues.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Beatification.</def>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blessedness; felicity; happiness.</p>

<p><hw>Beau</hw> (b&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> F.
<plw><b>Beaux</b></plw> (E. pron. b&omacr;z), E. <plw><b>Beaus</b></plw>
(b&omacr;z). [F., a fop, fr. <i>beau</i> fine, beautiful, fr. L.
<i>bellus</i> pretty, fine, for <i>bonulus</i>, dim. of <i>bonus</i> good.
See <u>Bounty</u>, and cf. <u>Belle</u>, <u>Beauty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A man who takes great care to dress in the latest fashion; a
dandy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man who escorts, or pays attentions to, a
lady; an escort; a lover.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beau"catch`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small flat
curl worn on the temple by women.</def> [Humorous]</p>

<p><hw>Beau"fet</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Buffet</u>.]
<def>A niche, cupboard, or sideboard for plate, china, glass, etc.; a
buffet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>beaufet</i> . . . filled with gold and silver
vessels.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Beau"fin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Biffin</u>.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beau" i*de"al</hw> (b&omacr;" &isl;*d&emacr;"<i>a</i>l; 277). [F.
<i>beau</i> beautiful + <i>id&eacute;al</i> ideal.] <def>A conception or
image of consummate beauty, moral or physical, formed in the mind, free
from all the deformities, defects, and blemishes seen in actual existence;
an ideal or faultless standard or model.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beau"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a beau;
characteristic of a beau; foppish; fine.</def> "A <i>beauish</i> young
spark."  <i>Byrom.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Beau` monde"</hw> (&?;). [F. <i>beau</i> fine + <i>monde</i>
world.] <def>The fashionable world; people of fashion and gayety.</def>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beau"pere`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>beau
p&eacute;re</i>; <i>beau</i> fair + <i>p&eacute;re</i> father.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A father.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A companion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Beau`se`ant"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>beauc&eacute;ant</i>.] <def>The black and white standard of the
<org>Knights Templars</org>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beau"ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being a
beau; the personality of a beau.</def> [Jocular]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beau"te*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of beauty;
beautiful; very handsome.</def>  [Mostly poetic] --
<wf>Beau"te*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Beau"te*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Beau"tied</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Beautiful;
embellished.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beau"ti*fi`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, beautifies or makes beautiful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beau"ti*ful</hw> (b&umacr;"t&ibreve;*f&usdot;l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the qualities which constitute beauty;
pleasing to the sight or the mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A circle is more <i>beautiful</i> than a square; a square is
more <i>beautiful</i> than a parallelogram.<BR>
<i>Lord Kames.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Handsome; elegant; lovely; fair; charming; graceful;
pretty; delightful. See <u>Fine</u>.</p>

<p> -- <wf>Beau"ti*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Beau"ti*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Beau"ti*fy</hw> (b&umacr;"t&ibreve;*f&imacr;), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Beautified</u> (-
f&imacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Beautifying</u>.]
[<i>Beauty</i> + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To make or render beautiful; to add
beauty to; to adorn; to deck; to grace; to embellish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The arts that <i>beautify</i> and polish life.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To adorn; grace; ornament; deck; decorate.</p>

<p><hw>Beau"ti*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become beautiful;
to advance in beauty.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beau"ti*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
beauty.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beau"ty</hw> (b&umacr;"t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Beauties</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>beaute</i>, <i>beute</i>, OF.
<i>beaut&eacute;</i>, <i>biaut&eacute;</i>, Pr. <i>beltat</i>, F.
<i>beaut&eacute;</i>, fr. an assumed LL. <i>bellitas</i>, from L.
<i>bellus</i> pretty. See <u>Beau</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An assemblage of graces or properties pleasing
to the eye, the ear, the intellect, the &aelig;sthetic faculty, or the
moral sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Beauty</i> consists of a certain composition of color and
figure, causing delight in the beholder.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The production of <i>beauty</i> by a multiplicity of
symmetrical parts uniting in a consistent whole.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The old definition of <i>beauty</i>, in the Roman school,
was, "multitude in unity;" and there is no doubt that such is the principle
of <i>beauty</i>.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particular grace, feature, ornament, or
excellence; anything beautiful; as, the <i>beauties</i> of
nature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A beautiful person, esp. a beautiful
woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the admired <i>beauties</i> of Verona.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Prevailing style or taste; rage; fashion.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She stained her hair yellow, which was then the
<i>beauty</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Beauty spot</b></col>, <cd>a patch or spot placed on the face
with intent to heighten beauty by contrast.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Beaux</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos>
of <u>Beau</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beaux"ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Bauxite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bea"ver</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bever</i>, AS.
<i>beofer</i>, <i>befer</i>; akin to D. <i>bever</i>, OHG. <i>bibar</i>, G.
<i>biber</i>, Sw. <i>b&auml;fver</i>, Dan. <i>b&aelig;ver</i>, Lith.
<i>bebru</i>, Russ. <i>bobr'</i>, Gael. <i>beabhar</i>, Corn. <i>befer</i>,
L. <i>fiber</i>, and Skr. <i>babhrus</i> large ichneumon; also as an adj.,
<i>brown</i>, the animal being probably named from its color. &radic;253.
See <u>Brown</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An amphibious rodent, of the
genus <i>Castor</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It has palmated hind feet, and a broad, flat tail.  It is
remarkable for its ingenuity in constructing its lodges or "houses,\' and
dams across streams.  It is valued for its fur, and for the material called
<i>castor</i>, obtained from two small bags in the groin of the animal.
The European species is <i>Castor fiber</i>, and the American is generally
considered a variety of this, although sometimes called <i>Castor
Canadensis</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fur of the beaver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hat, formerly made of the fur of the beaver,
but now usually of silk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A brown <i>beaver</i> slouched over his eyes.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Beaver cloth, a heavy felted woolen cloth, used
chiefly for making overcoats.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Beaver rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an aquatic ratlike
quadruped of Tasmania (<i>Hydromys chrysogaster</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Beaver skin</b></col>, <cd>the furry skin of the beaver.</cd> --
<col><b>Bank beaver</b></col>. <cd>See under 1st <u>Bank</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bea"ver</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>baviere</i>,
<i>bauier</i>, <i>beavoir</i>, <i>bever</i>; fr. F. <i>bavi&egrave;re</i>,
fr. <i>bave</i> slaver, drivel, foam, OF., prattle, drivel, perh. orig. an
imitative word. <i>Bavi&egrave;re</i>, according to Cotgrave, is the bib
put before a (slavering) child.] <def>That piece of armor which protected
the lower part of the face, whether forming a part of the helmet or fixed
to the breastplate. It was so constructed (with joints or otherwise) that
the wearer could raise or lower it to eat and drink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bea"vered</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with, or
wearing, a beaver or hat.</def> "His <i>beavered</i> brow."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bea"ver*teen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of fustian
made of coarse twilled cotton, shorn after dyeing.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><! p. 130 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Be*bee"rine</hw>, <i>or</i>  <hw>Be*bi"rine</hw>  }
(b&esl;*b&emacr;"r&ibreve;n <i>or</i> -r&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid got from the bark of the <i>bebeeru</i>, or
green heart of Guiana (<i>Nectandra Rodi&oelig;i</i>). It is a tonic,
antiperiodic, and febrifuge, and is used in medicine as a substitute for
quinine.</def> [Written also <i>bibirine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*bleed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make bloody;
to stain with blood.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Be*blood"</hw> (&?;), <hw>Be*blood"y</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To make bloody; to stain with blood.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*blot"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To blot; to
stain.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*blub"ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make swollen
and disfigured or sullied by weeping; as, her eyes or cheeks were
<i>beblubbered</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*calm"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Becalmed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>vb</i></pos>. <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <u>Becalming</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render calm or quiet; to calm; to still; to
appease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Soft whispering airs . . . <i>becalm</i> the mind.<BR>
<i>Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep from motion, or stop the progress of, by
the stilling of the wind; as, the fleet was <i>becalmed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*came"</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Become</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bec"ard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South American bird of the flycatcher family. (<i>Tityra
inquisetor</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*cause"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bycause</i>;
<i>by</i> + <i>cause</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>By or for the cause
that; on this account that; for the reason that.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In order that; that.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And the multitude rebuked them <i>because</i> they should
hold their peace.<BR>
<i>Matt. xx. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Because of</b></col>, <cd>by reason of, on account of.</cd>
[Prep. phrase.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Because of</i> these things cometh the wrath of God upon
the children of disobedience.<BR>
<i>Eph. v. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Because</u>, <u>For</u>, <u>Since</u>, <u>As</u>,
<u>Inasmuch As</u>.  These particles are used, in certain connections, to
assign the <i>reason</i> of a thing, or that "on account of" which it is or
takes place. <i>Because</i> (by cause) is the strongest and most emphatic;
as, I hid myself <i>because</i> I was afraid. <i>For</i> is not quite so
strong; as, in Shakespeare, "I hate him, <i>for</i> he is a Christian."
<i>Since</i> is less formal and more incidental than <i>because</i>; as, I
will do it <i>since</i> you request me. It more commonly begins a sentence;
as, <i>Since</i> your decision is made, I will say no more. <i>As</i> is
still more incidental than <i>since</i>, and points to some existing fact
by way of assigning a reason. Thus we say, <i>as</i> I knew him to be out
of town, I did not call. <i>Inasmuch as</i> seems to carry with it a kind
of <i>qualification</i> which does not belong to the rest. Thus, if we say,
I am ready to accept your proposal, <i>inasmuch as</i> I believe it is the
best you can offer, we mean, it is only with this understanding that we can
accept it.</p>

<p><hw>||Bec`ca*bun"ga</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. (cf. It.
<i>beccabunga</i>, G. <i>bachbunge</i>), fr. G. <i>bach</i> brook +
<i>bunge</i>, OHG. <i>bungo</i>, bulb. See <u>Beck</u> a brook.] <def>See
<u>Brooklime</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bec`ca*fi"co</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Beccaficos</b></plw> (&?;). [It., fr. <i>beccare</i> to peck +
<i>fico</i> fig.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small bird. (<i>Silvia
hortensis</i>), which is highly prized by the Italians for the delicacy of
its flesh in the autumn, when it has fed on figs, grapes, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bech"a*mel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>b&eacute;chamel</i>, named from its inventor, Louis de
<i>B&eacute;chamel</i>.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A rich, white sauce,
prepared with butter and cream.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*chance"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>be-</i> for
<i>by</i> + <i>chance</i>.] <def>By chance; by accident.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*chance"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To befall; to
chance; to happen to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God knows what hath <i>bechanced</i> them.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*charm"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To charm; to
captivate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||B&ecirc;che` de mer"</hw> (&?;). [F., lit., a sea spade.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The trepang.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be"chic</hw> (&?;), a. [L. <i>bechicus</i>, adj., for a cough, Gr.
<i>&?;</i>, fr. <i>&?;</i> cough: cf. F. <i>b&eacute;chique</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or relieving, a cough.</def>
<i>Thomas.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine for relieving
coughs.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beck</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Beak</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bek</i>, AS. <i>becc</i>;
akin to Icel. <i>bekkr</i> brook, OHG. <i>pah</i>, G. <i>bach</i>.] <def>A
small brook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brooks, the <i>becks</i>, the rills.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Beck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vat. See
<u>Back</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beck</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Becked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Becking</u>.]
[<i>Contr</i>. <i>of beckon</i>.] <def>To nod, or make a sign with the head
or hand.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To notify or call by a nod,
or a motion of the head or hand; to intimate a command to.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>When gold and silver <i>becks</i> me to come on.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Beck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A significant nod, or motion of
the head or hand, esp. as a call or command.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have troops of soldiers at their <i>beck</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Beck"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
European fish (<i>Pagellus centrodontus</i>); the sea bream or
braise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beck"et</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>bek</i> beak,
and E. <i>beak</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small grommet, or a ring or
loop of rope or metal for holding things in position, as spars, ropes,
etc.; also a bracket, a pocket, or a handle made of rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spade for digging turf.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beck"on</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beckoned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beckoning</u>.] <def>To make a significant sign to; hence, to summon, as
by a motion of the hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His distant friends, he <i>beckons</i> near.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>beckons</i> you to go away with it.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Beck"on</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sign made without words; a
beck.</def> "At the first <i>beckon</i>."  <i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*clap</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>biclappen</i>.]
<def>To catch; to grasp; to insnare.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*clip"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beclipped</u> (&?;).] [AS. <i>beclyppan</i>; pref.
<i>be</i> + <i>clyppan</i> to embrace.] <def>To embrace; to surround.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*cloud"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beclouded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beclouding</u>.] <def>To cause obscurity or dimness to; to dim; to
cloud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou <i>becloud</i> the sunshine of thine eye.<BR>
<i>Quarles.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*come"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Became</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Become</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Becoming</u>.] [OE. <i>bicumen</i>, <i>becumen</i>,
AS. <i>becuman</i> to come to, to happen; akin to D. <i>bekomen</i>, OHG.a
<i>piqu&euml;man</i>, Goth. <i>biquiman</i> to come upon, G.
<i>bekommen</i> to get, suit. See <u>Be-</u>, and <u>Come</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass from one state to another; to enter into
some state or condition, by a change from another state, or by assuming or
receiving new properties or qualities, additional matter, or a new
character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord God . . . breathed into his nostrils the breath of
life; and man <i>became</i> a living soul.<BR>
<i>Gen. ii. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That error now which is <i>become</i> my crime.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come; to get.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But, madam, where is Warwick then <i>become</i>!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To become of</b></col>, <cd>to be the present state or place of;
to be the fate of; to be the end of; to be the final or subsequent
condition of.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>What is then <i>become of</i> so huge a multitude?<BR>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*come"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To suit or be suitable
to; to be congruous with; to befit; to accord with, in character or
circumstances; to be worthy of, or proper for; to cause to appear well; --
said of persons and things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>becomes</i> me so to speak of so excellent a poet.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I have known persons so anxious to have their dress
<i>become</i> them, as to convert it, at length, into their proper self,
and thus actually to <i>become</i> the dress.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*com"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Proper;
decorous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And gave him what <i>becomed</i> love I might.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*com"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Appropriate or fit;
congruous; suitable; graceful; befitting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A low and <i>becoming</i> tone.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Formerly sometimes followed by <i>of</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Such discourses as are <i>becoming</i> of them.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Seemly; comely; decorous; decent; proper.</p>

<p><hw>Be*com"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is becoming or
appropriate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*com"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a becoming
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*com"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
becoming, appropriate, or fit; congruity; fitness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>becomingness</i> of human nature.<BR>
<i>Grew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*crip"ple</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a
cripple of; to cripple; to lame.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Be*cu"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish of the Mediterranean (<i>Sphyr&aelig;na
spet</i>). See <u>Barracuda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*curl"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To curl; to adorn
with curls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bed</i>, <i>bedd</i>;
akin to OS. <i>bed</i>, D. <i>bed</i>, <i>bedde</i>, Icel. <i>be&?;r</i>,
Dan. <i>bed</i>, Sw. <i>b&auml;dd</i>, Goth. <i>badi</i>, OHG.
<i>betti</i>, G. <i>bett</i>, <i>bette</i>, bed, <i>beet</i> a plat of
ground; all of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An article of
furniture to sleep or take rest in or on; a couch. Specifically: A sack or
mattress, filled with some soft material, in distinction from the bedstead
on which it is placed (as, a feather <i>bed</i>), or this with the
bedclothes added. In a general sense, any thing or place used for sleeping
or reclining on or in, as a quantity of hay, straw, leaves, or
twigs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And made for him [a horse] a leafy <i>bed</i>.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I wash, wring, brew, bake, . . . make the <i>beds</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>bed</i> he slept not for my urging it.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>(Used as the symbol of matrimony)
Marriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>George, the eldest son of his second <i>bed</i>.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A plat or level piece of ground in a garden,
usually a little raised above the adjoining ground.</def> "<i>Beds</i> of
hyacinth and roses."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mass or heap of anything arranged like a bed;
as, a <i>bed</i> of ashes or coals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The bottom of a watercourse, or of any body of
water; as, the <i>bed</i> of a river.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So sinks the daystar in the ocean <i>bed</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A layer or seam, or a horizontal
stratum between layers; as, a <i>bed</i> of coal, iron, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>See <u>Gun carriage</u>, and
<u>Mortar bed</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
horizontal surface of a building stone; as, the upper and lower
<i>beds</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A course of stone or brick in a
wall.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The place or material in which a block
or brick is laid.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The lower surface of a
brick, slate, or tile.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The foundation or the more solid
and fixed part or framing of a machine; or a part on which something is
laid or supported; as, the <i>bed</i> of an engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The superficial earthwork, or ballast, of a
railroad.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Printing)</i> <def>The flat part of the press,
on which the form is laid.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Bed</i> is much used adjectively or in combination; as,
<i>bed</i> key or bedkey; <i>bed</i> wrench or <i>bed</i>wrench;
<i>bed</i>chamber; <i>bed</i>maker, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Bed of justice</b></col> <i>(French Hist.)</i>, <cd>the throne
(F. <i>lit</i> bed) occupied by the king when sitting in one of his
parliaments (judicial courts); hence, a session of a refractory parliament,
at which the king was present for the purpose of causing his decrees to be
registered.</cd> -- <col><b>To be brought to bed</b></col>, <cd>to be
delivered of a child; -- often followed by <i>of</i>; as, to be <i>brought
to bed of</i> a son.</cd> -- <col><b>To make a bed</b></col>, <cd>to
prepare a bed; to arrange or put in order a bed and its bedding.</cd> --
<col><b>From bed and board</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a phrase applied to
a separation by partial divorce of man and wife, without dissolving the
bonds of matrimony. If such a divorce (now commonly called a <i>judicial
separation</i>) be granted at the instance of the wife, she may have
alimony.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bed</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bedded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bedding</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place in a bed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make partaker of one's bed; to cohabit
with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll to the Tuscan wars, and never <i>bed</i> her.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a bed or bedding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To plant or arrange in beds; to set, or cover,
as in a bed of soft earth; as, to <i>bed</i> the roots of a plant in
mold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To lay or put in any hollow place, or place of
rest and security, surrounded or inclosed; to embed; to furnish with or
place upon a bed or foundation; as, to <i>bed</i> a stone; it was
<i>bedded</i> on a rock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among all chains or clusters of mountains where large bodies
of still water are <i>bedded</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To dress or prepare the surface
of stone) so as to serve as a bed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To lay flat; to lay in order; to place in a
horizontal or recumbent position.</def> "<i>Bedded</i> hair."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go to bed; to
cohabit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he be married, and <i>bed</i> with his wife.<BR>
<i>Wiseman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*dab*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedabbled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bedabbling</u> (&?;).] <def>To dabble; to sprinkle or wet.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*daff"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a daff or
fool of.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bed"a*gat</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The sacred books
of the Buddhists in Burmah.</def>  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*dag"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
daggle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*dash"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedashed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bedashing</u>.] <def>To wet by dashing or throwing water or other liquid
upon; to bespatter.</def> "Trees <i>bedashed</i> with rain."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*daub"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedaubed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bedaubing</u>.] <def>To daub over; to besmear or soil with anything
thick and dirty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bedaub</i> foul designs with a fair varnish.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*daz"zle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedazzled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bedazzling</u> (&?;).] <def>To dazzle or make dim by a strong
light.</def> "<i>Bedazzled</i> with the sun."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bed"bug`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
wingless, bloodsucking, hemipterous insect (<i>Cimex Lectularius</i>),
sometimes infesting houses and especially beds.  See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"chair`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chair with
adjustable back, for the sick, to support them while sitting up in
bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"cham`ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chamber for a
bed; an apartment form sleeping in.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lords of the bedchamber</b></col>, <cd>eight officers of the
royal household, all of noble families, who wait in turn a week each.</cd>
[Eng.] -- <col><b>Ladies of the bedchamber</b></col>, <cd>eight ladies, all
titled, holding a similar official position in the royal household, during
the reign of a queen.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bed"clothes`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Blankets,
sheets, coverlets, etc., for a bed.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bed"cord`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cord or rope
interwoven in a bedstead so as to support the bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"ded</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided with a bed;
as, double-<i>bedded</i> room; placed or arranged in a bed or
beds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"ding</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bedding</i>,
<i>beding</i>. See <u>Bed</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bed and its
furniture; the materials of a bed, whether for man or beast; bedclothes;
litter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The state or position of beds and
layers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bede</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Bid</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>To pray; also, to offer; to proffer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R.
of Gloucester. Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bede</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A kind of
pickax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*deck"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedecked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bedecking</u>.] <def>To deck, ornament, or adorn; to grace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bedecked</i> with boughs, flowers, and garlands.<BR>
<i>Pennant.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Bed"e*guar</hw>, <hw>Bed"e*gar</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Per. <i>b&amacr;d-&amacr;ward</i>, or
<i>b&amacr;d-&amacr;wardag</i>, prop., a kind of white thorn or thistle.]
<def>A gall produced on rosebushes, esp. on the sweetbrier or eglantine, by
a puncture from the ovipositor of a gallfly (<i>Rhodites ros&aelig;</i>).
It was once supposed to have medicinal properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bede"house`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Beadhouse</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Be"del</hw>, <hw>Be"dell</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Beadle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be"del*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Beadleship.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bed"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Abyssinian or Arabian ibex (<i>Capra Nubiana</i>). It is probably
the wild goat of the Bible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bedes"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Beadsman</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*dev"il</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedevilled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bedeviling</u> or <u>Bedevilling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw
into utter disorder and confusion, as if by the agency of evil spirits; to
bring under diabolical influence; to torment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bedeviled</i> and used worse than St. Bartholomew.<BR>
<i>Sterne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spoil; to corrupt.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*dev"il*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being bedeviled; bewildering confusion; vexatious trouble.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*dew"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedewed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bedewing</u>.] <def>To moisten with dew, or as with dew.</def> "Falling
tears his face <i>bedew</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*dew"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, bedews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*dew"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moist with dew;
dewy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Night with her <i>bedewy</i> wings.<BR>
<i>A. Brewer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bed"fel`low</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lies with
another in the same bed; a person who shares one's couch.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bed"fere`  Bed"phere`</hw> } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Bed</i> + AS. <i>fera</i> a companion.] <def>A bedfellow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bed"gown`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
nightgown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*dight"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedight</u>, <u>Bedighted</u>.] <def>To bedeck; to array or
equip; to adorn.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*dim"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedimmed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bedimming</u>.] <def>To make dim; to obscure or darken.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*diz"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dress or adorn
tawdrily or with false taste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Remnants of tapestried hangings, . . . and shreds of
pictures with which he had <i>bedizened</i> his tatters.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*diz"en*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
bedizens; the act of dressing, or the state of being dressed,
tawdrily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"key`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument for
tightening the parts of a bedstead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"lam</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bethlehem</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place appropriated to the confinement and care of
the insane; a madhouse.</def>  <i>Abp. Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An insane person; a lunatic; a madman.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let's get the <i>bedlam</i> to lead him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any place where uproar and confusion
prevail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"lam</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to, or fit for, a
madhouse.</def> "The <i>bedlam</i>, brainsick duchess."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bed"lam*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of a
madhouse; a madman.</def> "Raving <i>bedlamites</i>."  <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bed"mak`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
beds.</def></p>

<p><! p. 131 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bed"-mold`ing</hw>  <hw>Bed"-mould`ing</hw>}
(b&ebreve;d"m&omacr;ld`&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The molding of a cornice immediately below the corona.</def>  <i>Oxf.
Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*dote"</hw> (b&esl;*d&omacr;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
cause to dote; to deceive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bed"ou*in</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>b&eacute;douin</i>, OF. <i>b&eacute;duin</i>, fr. Ar.
<i>bedaw&imacr;</i> rural, living in the desert, fr. <i>badw</i> desert,
fr. <i>bad&amacr;</i> to live in the desert, to lead a nomadic life.]
<def>One of the nomadic Arabs who live in tents, and are scattered over
Arabia, Syria, and northern Africa, esp. in the deserts.</def> --
<wf>Bed"ou*in*ism</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bed"ou*in</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
Bedouins; nomad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"pan`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
pan for warming beds.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shallow chamber vessel, so constructed that it
can be used by a sick person in bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"phere`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bedfere</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bed"piece`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bed"plate`</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The foundation framing or piece,
by which the other parts are supported and held in place; the bed; --
called also <i>baseplate</i> and <i>soleplate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"post`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the four standards that support a bedstead or the canopy over a
bedstead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anciently, a post or pin on each side of the bed
to keep the clothes from falling off.  See <u>Bedstaff</u>.</def>
<i>Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bed"quilt`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quilt for a bed;
a coverlet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*drab"ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To befoul with
rain and mud; to drabble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*drag"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedraggled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bedraggling</u> (&?;).] <def>To draggle; to soil, as garments which, in
walking, are suffered to drag in dust, mud, etc.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*drench"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedrenched</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bedrenching</u>.] <def>To drench; to saturate with moisture; to
soak.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*drib"ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dribble
upon.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bed"rid`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bed"rid`den</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bedrede</i>, AS. <i>bedreda</i>,
<i>bedrida</i>; from <i>bed</i>, <i>bedd</i>, a bed or couch + <i>ridda</i>
a rider; cf. OHG. <i>pettiriso</i>, G. <i>bettrise</i>. See <u>Bed</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Ride</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> ]
<def>Confined to the bed by sickness or infirmity.</def> "Her decrepit,
sick, and <i>bedrid</i> father." <i>Shak.</i>  "The estate of a
<i>bedridden</i> old gentleman." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bed"right`  Bed"rite`</hw> } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Bed</i> + <i>right</i>, <i>rite</i>.] <def>The duty or privilege of the
marriage bed.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*driz"zle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drizzle
upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed" rock"</hw> (&?;). <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The solid rock
underlying superficial formations.  Also Fig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"room</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
room or apartment intended or used for a bed; a lodging room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Room in a bed.</def> [In this sense preferably
<i>bed room</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then by your side no <i>bed room</i> me deny.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*drop"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sprinkle, as
with drops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The yellow carp, in scales <i>bedropped</i> with gold.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*drug"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drug abundantly
or excessively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed" screw`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
form of jack screw for lifting large bodies, and assisting in
launching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A long screw formerly used to fasten a bedpost
to one of the adjacent side pieces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"side`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The side of a
bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"site`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A recess in a room
for a bed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of the three bedrooms, two have fireplaces, and all are of
fair size, with windows and <i>bedsite</i> well placed.<BR>
<i>Quart. Rev.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bed"sore`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sore
on the back or hips caused by lying for a long time in bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"spread`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bedquilt; a
counterpane; a coverlet.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bed"staff`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bedstaves</b></plw> (&?;). <def>"A wooden pin stuck anciently on
the sides of the bedstead, to hold the clothes from slipping on either
side."</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hostess, accommodate us with a <i>bedstaff</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Say there is no virtue in cudgels and <i>bedstaves</i>.<BR>
<i>Brome.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bed"stead</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bed</i> +
<i>stead</i> a frame.] <def>A framework for supporting a bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed" steps`</hw> (&?;). <def>Steps for mounting a bed of unusual
height.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"stock</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The front or the
back part of the frame of a bedstead.</def> [Obs. or Dial. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bed"straw`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Straw put into a bed.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of slender herbs, usually
with square stems, whorled leaves, and small white flowers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Our Lady's bedstraw</b></col>, <cd>which has yellow flowers, is
<i>Galium verum</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>White bedstraw</b></col> <cd>is <i>G.
mollugo</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bed"swerv`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who swerves
from and is unfaithful to the marriage vow.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bed"tick`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tick or bag made
of cloth, used for inclosing the materials of a bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bed"time`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The time to go to
bed.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*duck"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beducked</u> (&?;).] <def>To duck; to put the head under
water; to immerse.</def> "Deep himself <i>beducked</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bed"uin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bedouin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*dung"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedunged</u> (&?;).] <def>To cover with dung, as for
manuring; to bedaub or defile, literally or figuratively.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*dust"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sprinkle, soil,
or cover with dust.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bed"ward</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Towards
bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*dwarf"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedwarfed</u> (&?;).] <def>To make a dwarf of; to stunt or
hinder the growth of; to dwarf.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*dye"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bedyed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bedyeing</u>.] <def>To dye or stain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Briton fields with Sarazin blood <i>bedyed</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bee</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Be</u>; -- used
for <i>been</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bee</hw> (b&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>be&oacute;</i>;
akin to D. <i>bij</i> and <i>bije</i>, Icel. <i>b&?;</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>bi</i>, OHG. <i>pini</i>, G. <i>biene</i>, and perh. Ir. <i>beach</i>,
Lith. <i>bitis</i>, Skr. <i>bha</i>. &radic;97.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect of the order <i>Hymenoptera</i>, and
family <i>Apid&aelig;</i> (the honeybees), or family <i>Andrenid&aelig;</i>
(the solitary bees.) See <u>Honeybee</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are many genera and species. The common honeybee (<i>Apis
mellifica</i>) lives in swarms, each of which has its own queen, its males
or drones, and its very numerous workers, which are barren females. Besides
the <i>A. mellifica</i> there are other species and varieties of honeybees,
as the <i>A. ligustica</i> of Spain and Italy; the <i>A. Indica</i> of
India; the <i>A. fasciata</i> of Egypt. The <i>bumblebee</i> is a species
of <i>Bombus</i>. The tropical honeybees belong mostly to <i>Melipoma</i>
and <i>Trigona</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A neighborly gathering of people who engage in
united labor for the benefit of an individual or family; as, a quilting
<i>bee</i>; a husking <i>bee</i>; a raising <i>bee</i>.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The cellar . . . was dug by a <i>bee</i> in a single
day.<BR>
<i>S. G. Goodrich.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> [Prob. fr. AS. <i>be&aacute;h</i> ring,
fr. <i>b&?;gan</i> to bend. See 1st <u>Bow</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Pieces
of hard wood bolted to the sides of the bowsprit, to reeve the fore-topmast
stays through; -- called also <i>bee blocks</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bee beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a beetle
(<i>Trichodes apiarius</i>) parasitic in beehives.</cd> -- <col><b>Bee
bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bird that eats the honeybee, as
the European flycatcher, and the American kingbird.</cd> -- <col><b>Bee
flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an orchidaceous plant of the genus
<i>Ophrys</i> (<i>O. apifera</i>), whose flowers have some resemblance to
bees, flies, and other insects.</cd> -- <col><b>Bee fly</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a two winged fly of the family
<i>Bombyliid&aelig;</i>. Some species, in the larval state, are parasitic
upon bees.</cd> -- <col><b>Bee garden</b></col>, <cd>a garden or inclosure
to set beehives in ; an apiary.</cd> <i>Mortimer.</i> -- <col><b>Bee
glue</b></col>, <cd>a soft, unctuous matter, with which bees cement the
combs to the hives, and close up the cells; -- called also
<i>propolis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bee hawk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the honey buzzard.</cd> -- <col><b>Bee killer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large two-winged fly of the family
<i>Asilid&aelig;</i> (esp. <i>Trupanea apivora</i>) which feeds upon the
honeybee. See <u>Robber fly</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bee louse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a minute, wingless, dipterous insect (<i>Braula
c&aelig;ca</i>) parasitic on hive bees.</cd> -- <col><b>Bee
martin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the kingbird (<i>Tyrannus
Carolinensis</i>) which occasionally feeds on bees.</cd> -- <col><b>Bee
moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a moth (<i>Galleria cereana</i>)
whose larv&aelig; feed on honeycomb, occasioning great damage in
beehives.</cd> -- <col><b>Bee wolf</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
larva of the bee beetle. See Illust. of <i>Bee beetle</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To have a bee in the head</b></col> or <col><b>in the
bonnet</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be choleric.</cd> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be restless or uneasy.</cd> <i>B. Jonson.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To be full of fancies; to be a little crazy.</cd>
"She's whiles crack-brained, and <i>has a bee in her head</i>." <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bee"bread`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brown, bitter
substance found in some of the cells of honeycomb. It is made chiefly from
the pollen of flowers, which is collected by bees as food for their
young.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beech</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Beeches</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>beche</i>, AS. <i>b&?;ce</i>; akin
to D. <i>beuk</i>, OHG. <i>buocha</i>, G. <i>buche</i>, Icel. <i>beyki</i>,
Dan. <i>b&ouml;g</i>, Sw. <i>bok</i>, Russ. <i>buk</i>, L. <i>fagus</i>,
Gr. <i>&?;</i> oak, <i>&?;</i> to eat, Skr. <i>bhaksh</i>; the tree being
named originally from the esculent fruit. See <u>Book</u>, and cf. 7th
<u>Buck</u>, <u>Buckwheat</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree of the genus
<i>Fagus</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It grows to a large size, having a smooth bark and thick foliage,
and bears an edible triangular nut, of which swine are fond. The <i>Fagus
sylvatica</i> is the European species, and the <i>F. ferruginea</i> that of
America.</p>

<p><col><b>Beech drops</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a parasitic plant which
grows on the roots of beeches (<i>Epiphegus Americana</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Beech marten</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the stone marten of
Europe (<i>Mustela foina</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Beech mast</b></col>,
<cd>the nuts of the beech, esp. as they lie under the trees, in
autumn.</cd> -- <col><b>Beech oil</b></col>, <cd>oil expressed from the
mast or nuts of the beech tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Cooper beech</b></col>,
<cd>a variety of the European beech with copper-colored, shining
leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Beech"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>b&?;cen</i>.]
<def>Consisting, or made, of the wood or bark of the beech; belonging to
the beech.</def> "Plain <i>beechen</i> vessels."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beech"nut`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The nut of the
beech tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beech" tree`</hw> (&?;). <def>The beech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beech"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to
beeches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bee"-eat`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bird of the genus <i>Merops</i>, that feeds on
bees. The European species (<i>M. apiaster</i>) is remarkable for its
brilliant colors.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An African bird of the
genus <i>Rhinopomastes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beef</hw> (b&emacr;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>boef</i>,
<i>befe</i>, <i>beef</i>, OF. <i>boef</i>, <i>buef</i>, F.
<i>b&oelig;ef</i>, fr. L. <i>bos</i>, <i>bovis</i>, ox; akin to Gr.
<grk>boy^s</grk>, Skr. <i>g&omacr;</i> cow, and E. <i>cow</i>. See 2d
<u>Cow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An animal of the genus <i>Bos</i>,
especially the common species, <i>B. taurus</i>, including the bull, cow,
and ox, in their full grown state; esp., an ox or cow fattened for
food.</def>  [In this, which is the original sense, the word has a plural,
<i>beeves</i> (b&emacr;vz).]</p>

<p><blockquote>A herd of <i>beeves</i>, fair oxen and fair kine.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The flesh of an ox, or cow, or of any adult
bovine animal, when slaughtered for food.</def>  [In this sense, the word
has no plural.] "Great meals of <i>beef</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Applied colloquially to human flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beef</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
resembling, beef.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Beef tea</b></col>, <cd>essence of beef, or strong beef
broth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Beef"eat`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Beef</i> +
<i>eater</i>; prob. one who eats another's <i>beef</i>, as his servant. Cf.
AS. <i>hl&amacr;f&?;ta</i> servant, properly a loaf eater.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who eats beef; hence, a large, fleshy
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the yeomen of the guard, in
England.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African bird of the genus
<i>Buphaga</i>, which feeds on the larv&aelig; of botflies hatched under
the skin of oxen, antelopes, etc. Two species are known.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beef"steak`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A steak of beef; a
slice of beef broiled or suitable for broiling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beef"-wit`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stupid;
dull.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beef"wood`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Australian tree
(<i>Casuarina</i>), and its red wood, used for cabinetwork; also, the trees
<i>Stenocarpus salignus</i> of New South Wales, and <i>Banksia compar</i>
of Queensland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beef"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having much beef; of the
nature of beef; resembling beef; fleshy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bee"hive`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hive for a swarm
of bees. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A common and typical form of <i>beehive</i> was a domeshaped
inverted basket, whence certain ancient Irish and Scotch architectural
remains are called <i>beehive houses</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Bee"house`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house for bees;
an apiary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bee" lark`spur</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Larkspur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beeld</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Beild</u>.</def>  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bee" line`</hw> (&?;). <def>The shortest line from one place to
another, like that of a bee to its hive when loaded with honey; an air
line.</def> "A <i>bee line</i> for the brig."  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*el"ze*bub</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The title of a
heathen deity to whom the Jews ascribed the sovereignty of the evil
spirits; hence, the Devil or a devil. See <u>Baal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beem</hw> (b&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>b&emacr;me</i>,
<i>b&ymacr;me</i>.] <def>A trumpet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bee"mas`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who keeps
bees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Been</hw> (&?;). [OE. <i>beon</i>, <i>ben</i>, <i>bin</i>, p. p. of
<i>been</i>, <i>beon</i>, to be. See <u>Be</u>.] <def>The past participle
of <u>Be</u>. In old authors it is also the pr. tense plural of <u>Be</u>.
See 1st <u>Bee</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Assembled <i>been</i> a senate grave and stout.<BR>
<i>Fairfax.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Beer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>beor</i>, <i>ber</i>,
AS. <i>be&oacute;r</i>; akin to Fries. <i>biar</i>, Icel. <i>bj&?;rr</i>,
OHG. <i>bior</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>bier</i>, and possibly E. <i>brew</i>.
&radic;93, See <u>Brew</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fermented liquor
made from any malted grain, but commonly from barley malt, with hops or
some other substance to impart a bitter flavor.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Beer has different names, as <i>small beer</i>, <i>ale</i>,
<i>porter</i>, <i>brown stout</i>, <i>lager beer</i>, according to its
strength, or other qualities. See <u>Ale</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fermented extract of the roots and other parts
of various plants, as spruce, ginger, sassafras, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Small beer</b></col>, <cd>weak beer</cd>; (fig.)
<cd>insignificant matters.</cd> "To suckle fools, and chronicle <i>small
beer</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beer"e*gar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Beer</i> +
<i>eager</i>.] <def>Sour beer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Beer"house`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house where malt
liquors are sold; an alehouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beer"i*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Beery
condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beer"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or resembling beer;
affected by beer; maudlin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beest"ings</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Biestings</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bees"wax`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wax secreted by
bees, and of which their cells are constructed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bees"wing`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The second crust
formed in port and some other wines after long keeping. It consists of
pure, shining scales of tartar, supposed to resemble the wing of a
bee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beet</hw> (b&emacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bete</i>, from
L. <i>beta</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A biennial plant of
the genus <i>Beta</i>, which produces an edible root the first year and
seed the second year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The root of plants of the genus <i>Beta</i>,
different species and varieties of which are used for the table, for
feeding stock, or in making sugar.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are many varieties of the common beet (<i>Beta
vulgaris</i>). The Old "white beet", cultivated for its edible leafstalks,
is a distinct species (<i>Beta Cicla</i>).</p>

<p>{ <hw>Beete</hw>, <hw>Bete</hw>  } (b&emacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>b&emacr;tan</i> to mend. See <u>Better</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To mend; to repair.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To renew or enkindle (a fire).</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bee"tle</hw> (b&emacr;"t'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>betel</i>,
AS. <i>b&imacr;tl</i>, <i>b&?;tl</i>, mallet, hammer, fr.
<i>be&aacute;tan</i> to beat. See <u>Beat</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A heavy mallet, used to drive wedges, beat
pavements, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine in which fabrics are subjected to a
hammering process while passing over rollers, as in cotton mills; -- called
also <i>beetling machine</i>.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><! p. 132 !></p>

<p><hw>Bee"tle</hw> (b&emacr;"t'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Beetled</u> (-t'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beetling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat with a heavy
mallet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To finish by subjecting to a hammering process
in a beetle or beetling machine; as, to <i>beetle</i> cotton
goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bee"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bityl</i>, <i>bittle</i>,
AS. <i>b&imacr;tel</i>, fr. <i>b&imacr;tan</i> to bite. See <u>Bite</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Any insect of the order Coleoptera, having
four wings, the outer pair being stiff cases for covering the others when
they are folded up. See <u>Coleoptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Beetle mite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of many
species of mites, of the family <i>Oribatid&aelig;</i>, parasitic on
beetles.</cd> -- <col><b>Black beetle</b></col>, <cd>the common large black
cockroach (<i>Blatta orientalis</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bee"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Beetlebrowed</u>.]
<def>To extend over and beyond the base or support; to overhang; to
jut.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the dreadful summit of the cliff<BR>
That <i>beetles</i> o'er his base into the sea.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Each <i>beetling</i> rampart, and each tower sublime.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bee"tle brow`</hw> (&?;). <def>An overhanging brow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bee"tle-browed`</hw> (&?;), a. [OE. <i>bitelbrowed</i>; cf. OE.
<i>bitel</i>, adj., sharp, projecting, n., a beetle. See <u>Beetle</u> an
insect.] <def>Having prominent, overhanging brows; hence, lowering or
sullen.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The earlier meaning was, "Having bushy or overhanging
eyebrows."</p>

<p><hw>Bee"tle*head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Beetle</i> a
mallet + <i>head</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stupid fellow; a
blockhead.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The black-bellied plover, or
bullhead (<i>Squatarola helvetica</i>). See <u>Plover</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bee"tle-head`ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dull;
stupid.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bee"tle*stock`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The handle of a
beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beet" rad`ish</hw> (&?;). <def>Same as <u>Beetrave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beet"rave`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>betterave</i>;
<i>bette</i> beet + <i>rave</i> radish.] <def>The common beet (<i>Beta
vulgaris</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Beeve</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed from <i>beeves</i>,
pl. of <i>beef</i>.] <def>A beef; a beef creature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They would knock down the first <i>beeve</i> they met
with.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Beeves</hw> (b&emacr;vz), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>plural of
<u>Beef</u>, the animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*fall"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Befell</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Befallen</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Befalling</u>.] [AS. <i>befeallan</i>;
pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>feallan</i> to fall.] <def>To happen to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I beseech your grace that I may know<BR>
The worst that may <i>befall</i> me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*fall"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come to pass; to
happen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have revealed . . . the discord which <i>befell</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*fit"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Befitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Befitting</u>.] <def>To be suitable to; to suit; to become.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That name best <i>befits</i> thee.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*fit"ting</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable; proper;
becoming; fitting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*fit"ting*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a befitting
manner; suitably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*flat"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To flatter
excessively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*flow"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To besprinkle or
scatter over with, or as with, flowers.</def>  <i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*fog"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Befogged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Befogging</u> (&?;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To involve in a fog; --
mostly as a participle or part. adj.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To confuse; to mystify.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*fool"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Befooled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Befooling</u>.] [OE. <i>befolen</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>fol</i>
fool.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fool; to delude or lead into error; to
infatuate; to deceive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This story . . . contrived to <i>befool</i> credulous
men.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to behave like a fool; to make
foolish.</def> "Some <i>befooling</i> drug."  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*fore"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>beforen</i>,
<i>biforen</i>, <i>before</i>, AS. <i>beforan</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>foran</i>, <i>fore</i>, before. See <u>Be-</u>, and <u>Fore</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In front of; preceding in space; ahead of; as, to
stand <i>before</i> the fire; <i>before</i> the house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His angel, who shall go<BR>
<i>Before</i> them in a cloud and pillar of fire.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Preceding in time; earlier than; previously to;
anterior to the time when; -- sometimes with the additional idea of
purpose; in order that.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Before</i> Abraham was, I am.<BR>
<i>John viii. 58.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Before</i> this treatise can become of use, two points
are necessary.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly <i>before</i>, in this sense, was followed by
<i>that</i>. "<i>Before that</i> Philip called thee . . . I saw thee."
<i>John i. 48.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An advance of; farther onward, in place or
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The golden age . . . is <i>before</i> us.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Prior or preceding in dignity, order, rank,
right, or worth; rather than.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that cometh after me is preferred <i>before</i> me.<BR>
<i>John i. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The eldest son is <i>before</i> the younger in
succession.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In presence or sight of; face to face with;
facing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abraham bowed down himself <i>before</i> the people.<BR>
<i>Gen. xxiii. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherewith shall I come <i>before</i> the Lord?<BR>
<i>Micah vi. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Under the cognizance or jurisdiction
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a suit be begun <i>before</i> an archdeacon.<BR>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Open for; free of access to; in the power
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world was all <i>before</i> them where to choose.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Before the mast</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>as a common
sailor, -- because the sailors live in the forecastle, forward of the
foremast.</cd> -- <col><b>Before the wind</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>in
the direction of the wind and by its impulse; having the wind aft.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Be*fore"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On the
fore part; in front, or in the direction of the front; -- opposed to <i>in
the rear</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The battle was <i>before</i> and behind.<BR>
<i>2 Chron. xiii. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In advance.</def> "I come <i>before</i> to tell
you."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In time past; previously; already.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You tell me, mother, what I knew <i>before</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Earlier; sooner than; until then.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the butt is out, we will drink water; not a drop
<i>before</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Before</i> is often used in self-explaining compounds; as,
<i>before</i>-cited, <i>before</i>-mentioned; <i>before</i>said.</p>

<p><hw>Be*fore"hand`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Before</i> +
<i>hand</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a state of anticipation ore
preoccupation; in advance; -- often followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Agricola . . . resolves to be <i>beforehand</i> with the
danger.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The last cited author has been <i>beforehand</i> with
me.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By way of preparation, or preliminary;
previously; aforetime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They may be taught <i>beforehand</i> the skill of
speaking.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*fore"hand`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In comfortable
circumstances as regards property; forehanded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rich and much <i>beforehand</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*fore"time`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Formerly;
aforetime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] dwelt in their tents, as <i>beforetime</i>.<BR>
<i>2 Kings xiii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*for"tune</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
befall.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I wish all good <i>befortune</i> you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*foul"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Befouled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Befouling</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>bef&?;lan</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>f&?;lan</i> to foul. See <u>Foul</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make foul; to soil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To entangle or run against so as to impede
motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*friend"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Befriended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Befriending</u>.] <def>To act as a friend to; to favor; to aid, benefit,
or countenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the darkness <i>befriended</i>.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*friend"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
befriending.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*frill"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish or
deck with a frill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*fringe"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with
a fringe; to form a fringe upon; to adorn as with fringe.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*fud"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Befuddled</u> (&?;)] <def>To becloud and confuse, as with
liquor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beg</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. <i>beg</i>, pronounced
<i>bay</i>. Cf. <u>Bey</u>, <u>Begum</u>.] <def>A title of honor in Turkey
and in some other parts of the East; a bey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beg</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Begged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Begging</u>.] [OE. <i>beggen</i>, perh. fr. AS. <i>bedecian</i> (akin to
Goth. <i>bedagwa</i> beggar), <i>biddan</i> to ask. (Cf. <u>Bid</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>); or cf. <i>beghard</i>, <i>beguin</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ask earnestly for; to entreat or supplicate for;
to beseech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do <i>beg</i> your good will in this case.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>[Joseph] <i>begged</i> the body of Jesus.<BR>
<i>Matt. xxvii. 58.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Sometimes implying deferential and respectful, rather than earnest,
asking; as, I <i>beg</i> your pardon; I <i>beg</i> leave to disagree with
you.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ask for as a charity, esp. to ask for
habitually or from house to house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet have I not seen the righteous forsaken, nor his seed
<i>begging</i> bread.<BR>
<i>Ps. xxxvii. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make petition to; to entreat; as, to
<i>beg</i> a person to grant a favor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take for granted; to assume without
proof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>To ask to be appointed guardian
for, or to ask to have a guardian appointed for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Else some will <i>beg</i> thee, in the court of wards.<BR>
<i>Harrington.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Hence: <col><b>To beg (one) for a fool</b></col>, <cd>to take him for a
fool</cd>.</p>

<p><col><b>I beg to</b></col>, <cd>is an elliptical expression for <i>I beg
leave to</i>; as, <i>I beg to</i> inform you.</cd> -- <col><b>To beg the
question</b></col>, <cd>to assume that which was to be proved in a
discussion, instead of adducing the proof or sustaining the point by
argument.</cd> -- <col><b>To go a-begging</b></col>, <cd>a figurative
phrase to express the absence of demand for something which elsewhere
brings a price; as, grapes are so plentiful there that they <i>go a-
begging</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Beg</u>, <u>Ask</u>, <u>Request</u>.  To <i>ask</i>
(not in the sense of inquiring)  is the generic term which embraces all
these words. To <i>request</i> is only a polite mode of asking. To
<i>beg</i>, in its original sense, was to ask with earnestness, and implied
submission, or at least deference. At present, however, in polite life,
<i>beg</i> has dropped its original meaning, and has taken the place of
both <i>ask</i> and <i>request</i>, on the ground of its expressing more of
deference and respect. Thus, we <i>beg</i> a person's acceptance of a
present; we <i>beg</i> him to favor us with his company; a tradesman
<i>begs</i> to announce the arrival of new goods, etc.  Crabb remarks that,
according to present usage, "we can never talk of <i>asking</i> a person's
acceptance of a thing, or of <i>asking</i> him to do us a favor." This can
be more truly said of usage in England than in America.</p>

<p><hw>Beg</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ask alms or charity,
especially to ask habitually by the wayside or from house to house; to live
by asking alms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not dig; to <i>beg</i> I am ashamed.<BR>
<i>Luke xvi. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Be"ga</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bigha</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*gem"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Begemmed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Begemming</u>.] <def>To adorn with gems, or as with gems.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Begemmed</i> with dewdrops.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Those lonely realms bright garden isles <i>begem</i>.<BR>
<i>Shelley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*get"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Begot</u> (&?;), (Archaic) <u>Begat</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Begot</u>, <u>Begotten</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Begetting</u>.] [OE. <i>bigiten</i>, <i>bigeten</i>, to get, beget, AS.
<i>begitan</i> to get; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>gitan</i>. See <u>Get</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To procreate, as a father
or sire; to generate; -- commonly said of the father.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet they a beauteous offspring shall <i>beget</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To get (with child.)</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To produce as an effect; to cause to
exist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love is <i>begot</i> by fancy.<BR>
<i>Granville.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*get"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who begets; a
father.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beg"ga*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
begged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beg"gar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>beggere</i>, fr.
<i>beg</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who begs; one who asks or entreats
earnestly, or with humility; a petitioner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who makes it his business to ask
alms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who is dependent upon others for support; --
a contemptuous or sarcastic use.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who assumes in argument what he does not
prove.</def>  <i>Abp. Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beg"gar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beggared</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beggaring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to beggary; to
impoverish; as, he had <i>beggared</i> himself.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to seem very poor and
inadequate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>beggared</i> all description.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Beg"gar*hood</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of
being a beggar; also, the class of beggars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beg"gar*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Beggary.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Beg"gar*li*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being beggarly; meanness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beg"gar*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In the condition of, or like, a beggar; suitable for a beggar;
extremely indigent; poverty-stricken; mean; poor; contemptible.</def>  "A
bankrupt, <i>beggarly</i> fellow." <i>South.</i> "A <i>beggarly</i>
fellowship."  <i>Swift.</i>  "<i>Beggarly</i> elements."  <i>Gal. iv.
9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Produced or occasioned by beggary.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Beggarly</i> sins, that is, those sins which idleness and
beggary usually betray men to; such as lying, flattery, stealing, and
dissimulation.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Beg"gar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an indigent, mean,
or despicable manner; in the manner of a beggar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beg"gar's lice`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The prickly fruit or
seed of certain plants (as some species of <i>Echinospermum</i> and
<i>Cynoglossum</i>) which cling to the clothing of those who brush by
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beg"gar's ticks`</hw> (&?;). <def>The bur marigold (<i>Bidens</i>)
and its achenes, which are armed with barbed awns, and adhere to clothing
and fleeces with unpleasant tenacity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beg"gar*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>beggerie</i>. See
<u>Beggar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
begging; the state of being a beggar; mendicancy; extreme
poverty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Beggarly appearance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The freedom and the <i>beggary</i> of the old studio.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Indigence; want; penury; mendicancy.</p>

<p><hw>Beg"gar*y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beggarly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beg"ge*stere</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Beg</i> + <i>-
ster</i>.] <def>A beggar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Be*ghard"</hw>  <hw>Be*guard"</hw> } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>b&eacute;gard</i>, <i>b&eacute;guard</i>; cf. G. <i>beghard</i>, LL.
<i>Beghardus</i>, <i>Begihardus</i>, <i>Begardus</i>. Prob. from the root
of <i>beguine</i> + <i>-ard</i> or <i>-hard</i>. See <u>Beguine</u>.]
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of an association of religious laymen living
in imitation of the Beguines. They arose in the thirteenth century, were
afterward subjected to much persecution, and were suppressed by Innocent X.
in 1650.  Called also <i>Beguins</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*gild"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Begilded</u> or <u>Begilt</u> (&?;).] <def>To gild.</def>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*gin"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Began</u> (&?;), <u>Begun</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Beginning</u> (&?;).] [AS. <i>beginnan</i> (akin to OS.
<i>biginnan</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>beginnen</i>, OHG. <i>biginnan</i>, Goth.,
<i>du-ginnan</i>, Sw. <i>begynna</i>, Dan. <i>begynde</i>); pref. <i>be-
</i> + an assumed <i>ginnan</i>. &radic;31. See <u>Gin</u> to begin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have or commence an independent or first
existence; to take rise; to commence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vast chain of being! which from God <i>began</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do the first act or the first part of an
action; to enter upon or commence something new, as a new form or state of
being, or course of action; to take the first step; to start.</def> "Tears
<i>began</i> to flow."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When I <i>begin</i>, I will also make an end.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. iii. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*gin"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
enter on; to commence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye nymphs of Solyma ! <i>begin</i> the song.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To trace or lay the foundation of; to make or
place a beginning of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The apostle <i>begins</i> our knowledge in the creatures,
which leads us to the knowledge of God.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To commence; originate; set about; start.</p>

<p><hw>Be*gin"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Beginning.</def> [Poetic &
Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*gin"ner</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who begins or
originates anything. Specifically: A young or inexperienced practitioner or
student; a tyro.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sermon of a new <i>beginner</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*gin"ning</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of doing that which begins anything; commencement of an
action, state, or space of time; entrance into being or upon a course; the
first act, effort, or state of a succession of acts or states.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>beginning</i> God created the heaven and the
earth.<BR>
<i>Gen. i. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which begins or originates something; the
first cause; origin; source.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> I am . . . the <i>beginning</i> and the ending.<BR>
<i>Rev. i. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is begun; a rudiment or
element.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mighty things from small <i>beginnings</i> grow.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Enterprise.</def> "To hinder our
<i>beginnings</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inception; prelude; opening; threshold; origin; outset;
foundation.</p>

<p><hw>Be*gird"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Begirt</u> (&?;), <u>Begirded</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Begirt</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Begirding</u>.] [AS.
<i>begyrdan</i> (akin to Goth. <i>bigairdan</i>); pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>gyrdan</i> to gird.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind with a band or
girdle; to gird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To surround as with a band; to
encompass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*gir"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surround as
with a girdle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*girt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To encompass; to
begird.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Beg"ler*beg`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>beglerbeg</i>, fr. <i>beg</i>, pl. <i>begler</i>. See <u>Beg</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The governor of a province of the Ottoman
empire, next in dignity to the grand vizier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*gnaw"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Begnawed</u> (&?;), (R.) <u>Begnawn</u> (&?;).] [AS.
<i>begnagan</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>gnagan</i> to gnaw.] <def>To gnaw;
to eat away; to corrode.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The worm of conscience still <i>begnaw</i> thy soul.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*god"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Begodded</u>.] <def>To exalt to the dignity of a god; to
deify.</def> [Obs.]  "<i>Begodded</i> saints."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*gone"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [<i>Be</i>, v. i. +
<i>gone</i>, p. p.] <def>Go away; depart; get you gone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*gone"</hw>, <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> [OE. <i>begon</i>, AS.
<i>big&amacr;n</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>g&amacr;n</i> to go.]
<def>Surrounded; furnished; beset; environed (as in woe-
<i>begone</i>).</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower. Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*go"ni*a</hw> (b&esl;*g&omacr;"n&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Michel <i>Begon</i>, a promoter of botany.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants, mostly of tropical America, many
species of which are grown as ornamental plants. The leaves are curiously
one-sided, and often exhibit brilliant colors.</def></p>

<p><! p. 133 !></p>

<p><hw>Be*gore"</hw> (b&esl;*g&omacr;r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
besmear with gore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*got"</hw> (b&esl;*g&obreve;t"), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Beget</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*got"ten</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Beget</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*grave"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>grave</i>; akin to G. <i>begraben</i>, Goth. <i>bigraban</i> to dig a
ditch around.] <def>To bury; also, to engrave.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*grease"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To soil or daub
with grease or other oily matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*grime"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Begrimed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Begriming</u>.] <def>To soil with grime or dirt deeply impressed or
rubbed in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Books falling to pieces and <i>begrimed</i> with dust.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*grim"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, begrimes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*grudge"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Begrudged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Begrudging</u>.] <def>To grudge; to envy the possession of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*guile"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beguiled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beguiling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To delude by guile, artifice, or
craft; to deceive or impose on, as by a false statement; to lure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The serpent <i>beguiled</i> me, and I did eat.<BR>
<i>Gen. iii. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To elude, or evade by craft; to foil.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When misery could <i>beguile</i> the tyrant's rage.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause the time of to pass without notice; to
relieve the tedium or weariness of; to while away; to divert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ballads . . . to <i>beguile</i> his incessant wayfaring.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To delude; deceive; cheat; insnare; mislead; amuse;
divert; entertain.</p>

<p><hw>Be*guile"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
beguiling, or the state of being beguiled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*guil"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, beguiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*guil"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Alluring by guile;
deluding; misleading; diverting.</def> -- <wf>Be*guil"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Be`guin"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Beghard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Be`gui`nage"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
collection of small houses surrounded by a wall and occupied by a community
of Beguines.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Be`guine"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>b&eacute;guine</i>; LL. <i>beguina</i>, <i>beghina</i>; fr. Lambert
<i>le B&egrave;gue</i> (the Stammerer) the founder of the order. (<i>Du
Cange</i>.)] <def>A woman belonging to one of the religious and charitable
associations or communities in the Netherlands, and elsewhere, whose
members live in beguinages and are not bound by perpetual vows.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Be"gum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per., fr. Turk., perh.
properly queen mother, fr. Turk. <i>beg</i> (see <u>Beg</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>) + Ar. <i>umm</i> mother.] <def>In the East Indies, a
princess or lady of high rank.</def>  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*gun"</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Begin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*half"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>on-behalve</i> in
the name of, <i>bihalven</i> by the side of, fr. AS. <i>healf</i> half,
also side, part: akin to G. <i>halb</i> half, <i>halber</i> on account of.
See <u>Be-</u>, and <u>Half</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Advantage;
favor; stead; benefit; interest; profit; support; defense;
vindication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>behalf</i> of his mistress's beauty.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Against whom he had contracted some prejudice in
<i>behalf</i> of his nation.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>In behalf of</b></col>, <cd>in the interest of.</cd> --
<col><b>On behalf of</b></col>, <cd>on account of; on the part of.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Be*hap"pen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To happen
to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*have"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Behaved</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Behaving</u>.] [AS. <i>behabban</i> to surround, restrain, detain (akin
to G. <i>gehaben</i> (obs.) to have, <i>sich gehaben</i> to behave or carry
one's self); pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>habban</i> to have. See <u>Have</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To manage or govern in
point of behavior; to discipline; to handle; to restrain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He did <i>behave</i> his anger ere 't was spent.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry; to conduct; to comport; to manage; to
bear; -- used reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those that <i>behaved</i> themselves manfully.<BR>
<i>2 Macc. ii. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*have"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act; to conduct; to
bear or carry one's self; as, to <i>behave</i> well or ill.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This verb is often used colloquially without an adverb of manner;
as, if he does not <i>behave</i>, he will be punished. It is also often
applied to inanimate objects; as, the ship <i>behaved</i> splendidly.</p>

<p><hw>Be*hav"ior</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Manner of behaving,
whether good or bad; mode of conducting one's self; conduct; deportment;
carriage; -- used also of inanimate objects; as, the <i>behavior</i> of a
ship in a storm; the <i>behavior</i> of the magnetic needle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gentleman that is very singular in his
<i>behavior</i>.<BR>
<i>Steele.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To be upon one's good behavior</b></col>, <col><b>To be put upon
one's good behavior</b></col>, <cd>to be in a state of trial, in which
something important depends on propriety of conduct.</cd> -- <col><b>During
good behavior</b></col>, <cd>while (or so long as) one conducts one's self
with integrity and fidelity or with propriety.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bearing; demeanor; manner.  -- <u>Behavior</u>,
<u>Conduct</u>. <i>Behavior</i> is the mode in which we <i>have</i> or
<i>bear</i> ourselves in the presence of others or toward them;
<i>conduct</i> is the mode of our carrying ourselves forward in the
concerns of life. <i>Behavior</i> respects our manner of acting in
particular cases; <i>conduct</i> refers to the general tenor of our
actions. We may say of soldiers, that their <i>conduct</i> had been
praiseworthy during the whole campaign, and their <i>behavior</i> admirable
in every instance when they met the enemy.</p>

<p><hw>Be*head"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beheaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beheading</u>.] [OE. <i>bihefden</i>, AS. <i>behe&aacute;fdian</i>;
pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>he&aacute;fod</i> head. See <u>Head</u>.] <def>To
sever the head from; to take off the head of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*head"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Beheading.</def>
[Modern]</p>

<p><hw>Be*held"</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Behold</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be"he*moth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>behem&omacr;th</i>, fr. Egyptian <i>P-ehe-maut</i> hippopotamus.]
<def>An animal, probably the hippopotamus, described in <i>Job xl. 15-
24.</i></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Be"hen</hw> (&?;), <hw>Behn</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Per. &amp; Ar. <i>bahman</i>, <i>behmen</i>, an herb, whose leaves resemble
ears of corn, saffron.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
<i>Centaurea behen</i>, or saw-leaved centaury.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The <i>Cucubalus behen</i>, or bladder campion, now called <i>Silene
inflata</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The <i>Statice limonium</i>, or
sea lavender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*hest"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>biheste</i>
promise, command, AS. <i>beh&aemacr;s</i> promise; pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>h&aemacr;s</i> command. See <u>Hest</u>, <u>Hight</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is willed or ordered; a command; a
mandate; an injunction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To do his master's high <i>behest</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vow; a promise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The time is come that I should send it her, if I keep the
<i>behest</i> that I have made.<BR>
<i>Paston.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*hest"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To vow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Paston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*hete"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Behight</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*hight"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Behight</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Behight</u>, <u>Behoten</u>.] [OE. <i>bihaten</i>, AS.
<i>beh&amacr;tan</i> to vow, promise; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>h&amacr;tan</i>
to call, command. See <u>Hight</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] [Obs. in all its
senses.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To promise; to vow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Behight</i> by vow unto the chaste Minerve.<BR>
<i>Surrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give in trust; to commit; to
intrust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The keys are to thy hand <i>behight</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To adjudge; to assign by authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The second was to Triamond <i>behight</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mean, or intend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More than heart <i>behighteth</i>.<BR>
<i>Mir. for Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To consider or esteem to be; to declare to
be.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the lookers-on him dead <i>behight</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To call; to name; to address.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom . . . he knew and thus <i>behight</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To command; to order.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>behight</i> those gates to be unbarred.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*hight"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vow; a promise.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*hind"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [AS. <i>behindan</i>;
pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>hindan</i>. See <u>Hind</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On the side opposite the front or nearest part; on
the back side of; at the back of; on the other side of; as, <i>behind</i> a
door; <i>behind</i> a hill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tall Brabanter, <i>behind</i> whom I stood.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Left after the departure of, whether this be by
removing to a distance or by death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A small part of what he left <i>behind</i> him.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Left a distance by, in progress of improvement
Hence: Inferior to in dignity, rank, knowledge, or excellence, or in any
achievement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was not a whit <i>behind</i> the very chiefest
apostles.<BR>
<i>2 Cor. xi. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*hind"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At the
back part; in the rear.</def> "I shall not lag <i>behind</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Toward the back part or rear; backward; as, to
look <i>behind</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not yet brought forward, produced, or exhibited
to view; out of sight; remaining.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We can not be sure that there is no evidence
<i>behind</i>.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Backward in time or order of succession;
past.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forgetting those things which are <i>behind</i>.<BR>
<i>Phil. ii. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>After the departure of another; as, to stay
<i>behind</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leave not a rack <i>behind</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*hind"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The backside; the
rump.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Be*hind"hand`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [<i>Behind</i>
+ <i>hand</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In arrears financially; in a state where
expenditures have exceeded the receipt of funds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a state of backwardness, in respect to what
is seasonable or appropriate, or as to what should have been accomplished;
not equally forward with some other person or thing; dilatory; backward;
late; tardy; as, <i>behindhand</i> in studies or in work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this also [dress] the country are very much
<i>behindhand</i>.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*hith"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>On this side
of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Two miles <i>behither</i> Clifden.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*hold"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beheld</u> (&?;) (<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> formerly
<u>Beholden</u> (&?;), now used only as a <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Beholding</u>.] [OE. <i>bihalden</i>,
<i>biholden</i>, AS. <i>behealdan</i> to hold, have in sight; pref. <i>be-
</i> + <i>healdan</i> to hold, keep; akin to G. <i>behalten</i> to hold,
keep. See <u>Hold</u>.] <def>To have in sight; to see clearly; to look at;
to regard with the eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he <i>beheld</i> the serpent of brass, he lived.<BR>
<i>Num. xxi. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Behold</i> the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of
the world.<BR>
<i>John. i. 29.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To scan; gaze; regard; descry; view; discern.</p>

<p><hw>Be*hold"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To direct the eyes to,
or fix them upon, an object; to look; to see.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And I <i>beheld</i>, and, lo, in the midst of the throne, .
. . a lamb as it had been slain.<BR>
<i>Rev. v. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*hold"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [Old p. p. of
<i>behold</i>, used in the primitive sense of the simple verb <i>hold</i>.]
<def>Obliged; bound in gratitude; indebted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But being so <i>beholden</i> to the Prince.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*hold"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who beholds; a
spectator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*hold"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Obliged; beholden.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I was much bound and <i>beholding</i> to the right reverend
father.<BR>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>So much hath Oxford been <i>beholding</i> to her nephews, or
sister's children.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*hold"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of seeing;
sight; also, that which is beheld.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*hold"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def>The state of being
obliged or beholden.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*hoof"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>to bihove</i> for
the use of, AS. <i>beh&?;f</i> advantage, a word implied in
<i>beh&?;fl&imacr;c</i> necessary; akin to Sw. <i>behof</i>, Dan.
<i>behov</i>, G. <i>behuf</i>, and E. <i>heave</i>, the root meaning <i>to
seize</i>, hence the meanings "to hold, make use of." See <u>Heave</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Advantage; profit; benefit; interest;
use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No mean recompense it brings<BR>
To your <i>behoof</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*hoov"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supplying need;
profitable; advantageous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*hoove"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Behooved</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Behooving</u>.] [OE. <i>bihoven</i>, <i>behoven</i>, AS.
<i>beh&?;fian</i> to have need of, fr. <i>beh&?;f</i>. See <u>Behoof</u>.]
<def>To be necessary for; to be fit for; to be meet for, with respect to
necessity, duty, or convenience; -- mostly used impersonally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And thus it <i>behooved</i> Christ to suffer.<BR>
<i>Luke xxiv. 46.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>[Also written <i>behove</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*hoove"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be necessary,
fit, or suitable; to befit; to belong as due.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*hoove"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Advantage; behoof.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It shall not be to his <i>behoove</i>.<BR>
<i>Gower.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*hoove"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Advantageous;
useful; profitable.</def> [Archaic] -- <wf>Be*hoove"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Be*hoove"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Be*hove"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <def>and derivatives. See
<u>Behoove</u>, &c.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*hove"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Useful, or
usefully.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*howl"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To howl at.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The wolf <i>behowls</i> the moon.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Beige</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Debeige.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beild</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from the same root as
<i>build</i>, v. t.] <def>A place of shelter; protection; refuge.</def>
[Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.] [Also written <i>bield</i> and <i>beeld</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The random <i>beild</i> o' clod or stane.<BR>
<i>Burns.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> from <u>Be</u>.
<def>Existing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Being</i> was formerly used where we now use <i>having</i>.
"<i>Being</i> to go to a ball in a few days." <i>Miss Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In modern usage, <i>is</i>, <i>are</i>, <i>was</i> or <i>were
being</i>, with a past participle following (as <i>built</i>, <i>made</i>,
etc.) indicates the process toward the completed result expressed by the
participle. The form <i>is</i> or <i>was building</i>, in this passive
signification, is idiomatic, and, if free from ambiguity, is commonly
preferable to the modern <i>is</i> or <i>was being built</i>. The last form
of speech is, however, sufficiently authorized by approved writers. The
older expression was <i>is</i>, or <i>was</i>, <i>a-building</i> or <i>in
building</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>A man who <i>is being</i> strangled.<BR>
<i>Lamb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>While the article on Burns <i>was being</i> written.<BR>
<i>Froude.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Fresh experience <i>is</i> always <i>being</i> gained.<BR>
<i>Jowett (Thucyd. )</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Existence,
as opposed to nonexistence; state or sphere of existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In Him we live, and move, and have our <i>being</i>.<BR>
<i>Acts xvii. 28.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which exists in any form, whether it be
material or spiritual, actual or ideal; living existence, as distinguished
from a thing without life; as, a human <i>being</i>; spiritual
<i>beings</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What a sweet <i>being</i> is an honest mind !<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>Being</i> of infinite benevolence and power.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lifetime; mortal existence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Claudius, thou<BR>
Wast follower of his fortunes in his <i>being</i>.<BR>
<i>Webster (1654).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An abode; a cottage.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was a relief to dismiss them [Sir Roger's servants] into
little <i>beings</i> within my manor.<BR>
<i>Steele.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be"ing</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Since; inasmuch as.</def>
[Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>being</i> you have<BR>
Declined his means, you have increased his malice.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*jade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To jade or
tire.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*jape"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To jape; to laugh
at; to deceive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*jaun"dice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To infect with
jaundice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*jew"el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bejeweled</u> or <u>Bejewelled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bejeweling</u> or <u>Bejewelling</u>.] <def>To ornament
with a jewel or with jewels; to spangle.</def> "<i>Bejeweled</i> hands."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*jum"ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To jumble
together.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Be"kah</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.] <def>Half a
shekel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*knave"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To call
knave.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*know"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To confess; to
acknowledge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel</hw> (b&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Babylonian name
of the god known among the Hebrews as <i>Baal</i>. See <u>Baal</u>.</def>
<i>Baruch vi. 41.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*la"bor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Belabored</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Belaboring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ply diligently; to work
carefully upon.</def> "If the earth is <i>belabored</i> with culture, it
yieldeth corn."  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat soundly; to cudgel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ajax <i>belabors</i> there a harmless ox.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bel`-ac*coyle"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bel</i>
beautiful + <i>accueil</i> reception.] <def>A kind or favorable reception
or salutation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*lace"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Belaced</u> (&?;).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten, as with a lace or cord.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover or adorn with lace.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To beat with a strap. See <u>Lace</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*lam"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Lam</u>.]
<def>To beat or bang.</def> [Prov. &amp; Low, Eng.]  <i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel"a*mour</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bel amour</i>
fair love.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lover.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flower, but of what kind is unknown.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her snowy brows, like budded <i>belamours</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bel"a*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bel ami</i> fair
friend.] <def>Good friend; dear friend.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*late"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Belated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Belating</u>.] <def>To retard or make too late.</def>
<i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*lat"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Delayed beyond the usual
time; too late; overtaken by night; benighted.</def>  "Some <i>belated</i>
peasant." <i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Be*lat"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*laud"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To laud or praise
greatly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*lay"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Belaid</u>, <u>Belayed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Belaying</u>.] [For senses 1 &amp; 2, D. <i>beleggen</i> to
cover, belay; akin to E. pref. <i>be-</i>, and <i>lay</i> to place: for
sense 3, OE. <i>beleggen</i>, AS. <i>belecgan</i>. See pref. <u>Be-</u>,
and <u>Lay</u> to place.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay on or cover; to
adorn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Jacket . . . <i>belayed</i> with silver lace.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To make fast, as a rope, by
taking several turns with it round a pin, cleat, or kevel.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lie in wait for with a view to assault.
Hence: to block up or obstruct.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Belay thee!</b></col> <cd>Stop.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 134 !></p>

<p><hw>Be*lay"ing pin`</hw> (b&esl;*l&amacr;"&ibreve;ng p&ibreve;n`).
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A strong pin in the side of a vessel, or by the mast,
round which ropes are wound when they are fastened or belayed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Belch</hw> (b&ebreve;lch; 224), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Belched</u> (b&ebreve;lcht); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Belching</u>.] [OE. <i>belken</i>, AS.
<i>bealcan</i>, akin to E. <i>bellow</i>. See <u>Bellow</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To eject or throw up from the stomach
with violence; to eruct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>belched</i> a hurricane of wind.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To eject violently from within; to cast forth;
to emit; to give vent to; to vent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Within the gates that now<BR>
Stood open wide, <i>belching</i> outrageous flame.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Belch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To eject
wind from the stomach through the mouth; to eructate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To issue with spasmodic force or noise.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Belch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
belching; also, that which is belched; an eructation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Malt liquor; -- vulgarly so called as causing
eructation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dennis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Belch"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, belches.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bel"dam</hw> <hw>Bel"dame</hw> } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>bel-</i>, denoting relationship + <i>dame</i> mother: cf. F.
<i>belledame</i> fair lady, It. <i>belladonna</i>. See <u>Belle</u>, and
<u>Dame</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Grandmother; -- corresponding to
belsire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To show the <i>beldam</i> daughters of her daughter.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old woman in general; especially, an ugly old
woman; a hag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Around the <i>beldam</i> all erect they hang.<BR>
<i>Akenside.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*lea"guer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beleaguered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beleaguering</u>.] [D. <i>belegeren</i> (akin to G. <i>belagern</i>, Sw.
<i>bel&auml;gra</i>, Dan. <i>beleire</i>); pref. <i>be-</i> = E. <i>be-</i>
+ <i>leger</i> bed, camp, army, akin to E. <i>lair</i>. See <u>Lair</u>.]
<def>To surround with an army so as to preclude escape; to besiege; to
blockade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wail of famine in <i>beleaguered</i> towns.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To block up; environ; invest; encompass.</p>

<p><hw>Be*lea"guer*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
beleaguers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*leave"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Beleft</u> (&?;).] <def>To leave or to be left.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>May.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*lec"ture</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Belectured</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Belecturing</u>.] <def>To vex with lectures; to lecture
frequently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*lee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place under the
lee, or unfavorably to the wind.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*lem"nite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> dart,
fr. <i>&?;</i> dart, fr. <i>&?;</i> to throw: cf. F.
<i>b&eacute;lemnite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A conical calcareous
fossil, tapering to a point at the lower extremity, with a conical cavity
at the other end, where it is ordinarily broken; but when perfect it
contains a small chambered cone, called the phragmocone, prolonged, on one
side, into a delicate concave blade; the thunderstone. It is the internal
shell of a cephalopod related to the sepia, and belonging to an extinct
family. The belemnites are found in rocks of the Jurassic and Cretaceous
ages.</def> -- <wf>Bel*em*nit"ic</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Be*lep"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Belepered</u> (&?;).] <def>To infect with leprosy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bel"-es*prit"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Beaux</b></plw><plw><b>-esprits</b></plw> (&?;). [F., fine wit.]
<def>A fine genius, or man of wit.</def> "A man of letters and a <i>bel
esprit</i>."  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel"fry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>berfray</i> movable
tower used in sieges, OF. <i>berfreit</i>, <i>berfroit</i>, F.
<i>beffroi</i>, fr. MHG. <i>bervrit</i>, <i>bercvrit</i>, G.
<i>bergfriede</i>, fr. MHG. <i>bergen</i> to protect (G. <i>bergen</i> to
conceal) + <i>vride</i> peace, protection, G. <i>friede</i> peace; in
compounds often taken in the sense of security, or place of security; orig.
therefore a place affording security. G. <i>friede</i> is akin to E.
<i>free</i>. See <u>Burg</u>, and <u>Free</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A movable tower erected by besiegers for purposes of
attack and defense.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bell tower, usually attached to a church or
other building, but sometimes separate; a campanile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A room in a tower in which a bell is or may be
hung; or a cupola or turret for the same purpose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The framing on which a bell is
suspended.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel*gard"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>bel guardo</i>.]
<def>A sweet or loving look.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel"gi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Belgium.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A native or inhabitant of
Belgium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel"gic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Belgicus</i>, fr.
<i>Belgae</i> the Belgians.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
the <i>Belg&aelig;</i>, a German tribe who anciently possessed the country
between the Rhine, the Seine, and the ocean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How unlike their <i>Belgic</i> sires of old.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Netherlands or to
Belgium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel*gra"vi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to
Belgravia (a fashionable quarter of London, around Pimlico), or to
fashionable life; aristocratic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be"li*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>beli ya'al</i>;
<i>beli</i> without + <i>ya'al</i> profit.] <def>An evil spirit; a wicked
and unprincipled person; the personification of evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What concord hath Christ with <i>Belia</i> ?<BR>
<i>2 Cor. vi. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>A son</b></col> (or man) <col><b>of Belial</b></col>, <cd>a
worthless, wicked, or thoroughly depraved person.</cd>  <i>1 Sam. ii.
12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*li"bel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Libel</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <def>To libel or traduce; to calumniate.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*lie"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Belied</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Belying</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>bilien</i>, <i>bili&?;en</i>, AS.
<i>bele&oacute;gan</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>le&oacute;gan</i> to lie. See
<u>Lie</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To show to be
false; to convict of, or charge with, falsehood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their trembling hearts <i>belie</i> their boastful
tongues.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a false representation or account
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Should I do so, I should <i>belie</i> my thoughts.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To tell lie about; to calumniate; to
slander.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou dost <i>belie</i> him, Percy, thou dost belie him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mimic; to counterfeit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To fill with lies.</def> [Obs.]  "The breath of
slander doth <i>belie</i> all corners of the world."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*lief"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bileafe</i>,
<i>bileve</i>; cf. AS. <i>gele&aacute;fa</i>. See <u>Believe</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Assent to a proposition or affirmation, or the
acceptance of a fact, opinion, or assertion as real or true, without
immediate personal knowledge; reliance upon word or testimony; partial or
full assurance without positive knowledge or absolute certainty;
persuasion; conviction; confidence; as, <i>belief</i> of a witness; the
<i>belief</i> of our senses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Belief</i> admits of all degrees, from the slightest
suspicion to the fullest assurance.<BR>
<i>Reid.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A persuasion of the truths of
religion; faith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man can attain [to] <i>belief</i> by the bare
contemplation of heaven and earth.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The thing believed; the object of
belief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Superstitious prophecies are not only the <i>belief</i> of
fools, but the talk sometimes of wise men.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A tenet, or the body of tenets, held by the
advocates of any class of views; doctrine; creed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the heat of persecution to which Christian <i>belief</i>
was subject upon its first promulgation.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Ultimate belief</b></col>, <cd>a first principle incapable of
proof; an intuitive truth; an intuition.</cd>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Credence; trust; reliance; assurance; opinion.</p>

<p><hw>Be*lief"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having belief or
faith.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*liev"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
believed; credible.</def> -- <wf>Be*liev"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Be*liev`a*bil"i*ty</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Be*lieve"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Believed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Believing</u>.] [OE. <i>bileven</i> (with pref. <i>be-</i> for AS.
<i>ge-</i>), fr. AS. <i>gel&?;fan</i>, <i>gel&?;fan</i>; akin to D.
<i>gelooven</i>, OHG. <i>gilouban</i>, G. <i>glauben</i>, OS.
<i>gil&?;bian</i>, Goth. <i>galaubjan</i>, and Goth. <i>liubs</i> dear. See
<u>Lief</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Leave</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>To exercise belief in; to credit upon the authority or testimony of
another; to be persuaded of the truth of, upon evidence furnished by
reasons, arguments, and deductions of the mind, or by circumstances other
than personal knowledge; to regard or accept as true; to place confidence
in; to think; to consider; as, to <i>believe</i> a person, a statement, or
a doctrine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our conqueror (whom I now<BR>
Of force <i>believe</i> almighty).<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>King Agrippa, <i>believest</i> thou the prophets ?<BR>
<i>Acts xxvi. 27.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Often followed by a dependent clause.<BR>
I <i>believe</i> that Jesus Christ is the Son of God.<BR>
<i>Acts viii. 37.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Expect</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Be*lieve"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
have a firm persuasion, esp. of the truths of religion; to have a
persuasion approaching to certainty; to exercise belief or faith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord, I <i>believe</i>; help thou mine unbelief.<BR>
<i>Mark ix. 24.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>With the heart man <i>believeth</i> unto righteousness.<BR>
<i>Rom. x. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To think; to suppose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not <i>believe</i> so meanly of you.<BR>
<i>Fielding.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To believe in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To believe that
the subject of the thought (if a person or thing) exists, or (if an event)
that it has occurred, or will occur; -- as, to <i>believe in</i> the
resurrection of the dead.</cd>  "She does not <i>believe in</i> Jupiter."
<i>J. H. Newman.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To believe that the character,
abilities, and purposes of a person are worthy of entire confidence; --
especially that his promises are wholly trustworthy.</cd> "Let not your
heart be troubled: ye <i>believe in</i> God, <i>believe</i> also <i>in</i>
me." <i>John xiv. 1.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To believe that the
qualities or effects of an action or state are beneficial: as, to
<i>believe in</i> sea bathing, or <i>in</i> abstinence from alcoholic
beverages.</cd> -- <col><b>To believe on</b></col>, <cd>to accept
implicitly as an object of religious trust or obedience; to have faith
in.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Be*liev"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who believes; one who is persuaded of the truth or reality of some
doctrine, person, or thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One who gives credit to the
truth of the Scriptures, as a revelation from God; a Christian; -- in a
more restricted sense, one who receives Christ as his Savior, and accepts
the way of salvation unfolded in the gospel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou didst open the Kingdom of Heaven to all
<i>believers</i>.<BR>
<i>Book of Com. Prayer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One who was admitted to all
the rights of divine worship and instructed in all the mysteries of the
Christian religion, in distinction from a catechumen, or one yet under
instruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*liev"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That believes; having
belief.</def> -- <wf>Be*liev"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Be*light"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
illuminate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*like"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>be-</i> (for
<i>by</i>) + <i>like</i>.] <def>It is likely or probably; perhaps.</def>
[Obs. or Archaic] -- <wf>Be*like"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Belike</i>, boy, then you are in love.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*lime"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Belimed</u> (&?;).] <def>To besmear or insnare with
birdlime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*lit"tle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Belittled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Belittling</u>.] <def>To make little or less in a moral sense; to speak
of in a depreciatory or contemptuous way.</def>  <i>T. Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*live"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Live</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Forthwith; speedily; quickly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Belk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Belch</u>.] <def>To
vomit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bell</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>belle</i>, fr.
<i>bellan</i> to bellow. See <u>Bellow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
hollow metallic vessel, usually shaped somewhat like a cup with a flaring
mouth, containing a clapper or tongue, and giving forth a ringing sound on
being struck.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Bells have been made of various metals, but the best have always
been, as now, of an alloy of copper and tin.</p>

<p><col><b>The Liberty Bell</b></col>, <cd>the famous bell of the
Philadelphia State House, which rang when the Continental Congress declared
the Independence of the United States, in 1776. It had been cast in 1753,
and upon it were the words "Proclaim liberty throughout all the land, to
all the inhabitants thereof."</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hollow perforated sphere of metal containing a
loose ball which causes it to sound when moved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything in the form of a bell, as the cup or
corol of a flower.</def> "In a cowslip's <i>bell</i> I lie."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>That part of the capital of a
column included between the abacus and neck molding; also used for the
naked core of nearly cylindrical shape, assumed to exist within the leafage
of a capital.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The strikes of the
bell which mark the time; or the time so designated.</def></p>

<p>&fist; On shipboard, time is marked by a bell, which is struck eight
times at 4, 8, and 12 o'clock. Half an hour after it has struck "eight
bells" it is struck once, and at every succeeding half hour the number of
strokes is increased by one, till at the end of the four hours, which
constitute a watch, it is struck eight times.</p>

<p><col><b>To bear away the bell</b></col>, <cd>to win the prize at a race
where the prize was a bell; hence, to be superior in something.</cd>
<i>Fuller.</i> -- <col><b>To bear the bell</b></col>, <cd>to be the first
or leader; -- in allusion to the bellwether or a flock, or the leading
animal of a team or drove, when wearing a bell.</cd> -- <col><b>To curse by
bell</b></col>, <col><b>book</b></col>, <col><b>and candle</b></col>, <cd>a
solemn form of excommunication used in the Roman Catholic church, the bell
being tolled, the book of offices for the purpose being used, and three
candles being extinguished with certain ceremonies.</cd> <i>Nares.</i> --
<col><b>To lose the bell</b></col>, <cd>to be worsted in a contest.</cd>
"In single fight he <i>lost the bell</i>." <i>Fairfax.</i> -- <col><b>To
shake the bells</b></col>, <cd>to move, give notice, or alarm.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Bell</i> is much used adjectively or in combinations; as,
<i>bell</i> clapper; <i>bell</i> foundry; <i>bell</i> hanger; <i>bell-
</i>mouthed; <i>bell</i> tower, etc., which, for the most part, are self-
explaining.</p>

<p><col><b>Bell arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an arch of unusual form,
following the curve of an ogee.</cd> -- <col><b>Bell cage</b></col>, or
<col><b>Bell carriage</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a timber frame
constructed to carry one or more large bells.</cd> -- <col><b>Bell
cot</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a small or subsidiary construction,
frequently corbeled out from the walls of a structure, and used to contain
and support one or more bells.</cd> -- <col><b>Bell deck</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the floor of a belfry made to serve as a roof to the
rooms below.</cd> -- <col><b>Bell founder</b></col>, <cd>one whose
occupation it is to found or cast bells.</cd> -- <col><b>Bell
foundry</b></col>, or <col><b>Bell foundery</b></col>, <cd>a place where
bells are founded or cast.</cd> -- <col><b>Bell gable</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a small gable-shaped construction, pierced with one or
more openings, and used to contain bells.</cd> -- <col><b>Bell
glass</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bell jar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bell
hanger</b></col>, <cd>a man who hangs or puts up bells.</cd> --
<col><b>Bell pull</b></col>, <cd>a cord, handle, or knob, connecting with a
bell or bell wire, and which will ring the bell when pulled.</cd>
<i>Aytoun.</i> -- <col><b>Bell punch</b></col>, <cd>a kind of conductor's
punch which rings a bell when used.</cd> -- <col><b>Bell ringer</b></col>,
<cd>one who rings a bell or bells, esp. one whose business it is to ring a
church bell or chime, or a set of musical bells for public
entertainment.</cd> -- <col><b>Bell roof</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a
roof shaped according to the general lines of a bell.</cd> -- <col><b>Bell
rope</b></col>, <cd>a rope by which a church or other bell is rung.</cd> --
<col><b>Bell tent</b></col>, <cd>a circular conical-topped tent.</cd> --
<col><b>Bell trap</b></col>, <cd>a kind of bell shaped stench
trap.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bell</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Belled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Belling</u>.] <def>To put a bell upon; as, to <i>bell</i> the
cat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make bell-mouthed; as, to <i>bell</i> a
tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To develop bells or
corollas; to take the form of a bell; to blossom; as, hops
<i>bell</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bellan</i>. See
<u>Bellow</u>.] <def>To utter by bellowing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bell</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To call or bellow, as the
deer in rutting time; to make a bellowing sound; to roar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As loud as <i>belleth</i> wind in hell.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The wild buck <i>bells</i> from ferny brake.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bel`la*don"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., literally fine
lady; <i>bella</i> beautiful + <i>donna</i> lady.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An herbaceous European plant (<i>Atropa
belladonna</i>) with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shining black berries.
The whole plant and its fruit are very poisonous, and the root and leaves
are used as powerful medicinal agents. Its properties are largely due to
the alkaloid atropine which it contains. Called also <i>deadly
nightshade</i>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A species of
<i>Amaryllis</i> (<i>A. belladonna</i>); the belladonna lily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell" an`i*mal"cule</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
infusorian of the family <i>Vorticellid&aelig;</i>, common in fresh-water
ponds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell" bear`er</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Brazilian leaf
hopper (<i>Bocydium tintinnabuliferum</i>), remarkable for the four bell-
shaped appendages of its thorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell"bird`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from their
notes.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A South American bird
of the genus <i>Casmarhincos</i>, and family <i>Cotingid&aelig;</i>, of
several species; the campanero.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
<i>Myzantha melanophrys</i> of Australia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell" crank`</hw> (&?;). <def>A lever whose two arms form a right
angle, or nearly a right angle, having its fulcrum at the apex of the
angle. It is used in bell pulls and in changing the direction of bell wires
at angles of rooms, etc., and also in machinery.</def></p>

<p><! p. 135 !></p>

<p><hw>Belle</hw> (b&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>belle</i>, fem.
of <i>bel</i>, <i>beau</i>, beautiful, fine. See <u>Beau</u>.] <def>A young
lady of superior beauty and attractions; a handsome lady, or one who
attracts notice in society; a fair lady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Belled</hw> (b&ebreve;ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hung with a
bell or bells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Belle-let"trist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
belles-lettres.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bel*ler"o*phon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A genus of fossil univalve shells, believed to belong to the
Heteropoda, peculiar to the Paleozoic age.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Belles-let"tres</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Polite or elegant literature; the humanities; -- used somewhat vaguely
for literary works in which imagination and taste are
predominant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bel`le*tris"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bel`le*tris"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Occupied with, or pertaining to, belles-
lettres.</def> "An unlearned, <i>belletristic</i> trifler."  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bell"-faced`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
striking surface convex; -- said of hammers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell"flow`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the genus Campanula; -- so named from its bell-shaped
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell"flow`er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bellefleur</i>, lit.,
beautiful flower.] <def>A kind of apple. The yellow bellflower is a large,
yellow winter apple.</def> [Written also <i>bellefleur</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bel"li*bone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>belle et
bonne</i>, beautiful and good.] <def>A woman excelling both in beauty and
goodness; a fair maid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bel"lic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bel"li*cal</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bellicus</i>. See <u>Bellicose</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to war; warlike; martial.</def> [Obs.]  "<i>Bellic</i>
C&aelig;sar."  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel"li*cose`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bellicosu</i>s,
fr. <i>bellicus</i> of war, fr. <i>bellum</i> war. See <u>Duel</u>.]
<def>Inclined to war or contention; warlike; pugnacious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arnold was, in fact, in a <i>bellicose</i> vein.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bel"li*cose`ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a bellicose
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel"li*cous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bellicose.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bel"lied</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having (such) a
belly; puffed out; -- used in composition; as, pot-<i>bellied</i>; shad-
<i>bellied</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bel*lig"er*ence</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bel*lig"er*en*cy</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being belligerent; act or state of
making war; warfare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel*lig"er*ent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bellum</i>
war + <i>gerens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, waging, <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> of
<i>gerere</i> to wage: cf. F. <i>bellig&eacute;rant</i>. See
<u>Bellicose</u>, <u>Jest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Waging war;
carrying on war.</def> "<i>Belligerent</i> powers."  <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining, or tending, to war; of or relating
to belligerents; as, a <i>belligerent</i> tone; <i>belligerent</i>
rights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel*lig"er*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nation or state
recognized as carrying on war; a person engaged in warfare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel*lig"er*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a belligerent
manner; hostilely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Bell</u> to
bellow.] <def>A bellowing, as of a deer in rutting time.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel*lip"o*tent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>bellipotens</i>; <i>bellum</i> war + <i>potens</i> powerful, <pos><i>p.
pr.</i></pos> of <i>posse</i> to be able.] <def>Mighty in war;
armipotent.</def> [R.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bell" jar`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Phys.)</i> <def>A glass vessel, varying
in size, open at the bottom and closed at the top like a bell, and having a
knob or handle at the top for lifting it. It is used for a great variety of
purposes; as, with the air pump, and for holding gases, also for keeping
the dust from articles exposed to view.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man who rings a
bell, especially to give notice of anything in the streets. Formerly, also,
a night watchman who called the hours.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bell" met`al</hw> (&?;). <def>A hard alloy or bronze, consisting
usually of about three parts of copper to one of tin; -- used for making
bells.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bell metal ore</b></col>, <cd>a sulphide of tin, copper, and
iron; the mineral stannite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bell"-mouthed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Expanding at
the mouth; as, a <i>bell-mouthed</i> gun.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel"lon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lead colic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bel*lo"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from <i>bellum</i>
war.] <i>(Rom. Myth.)</i> <def>The goddess of war.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel"low</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bellowed</u> ; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bellowing</u>.] [OE. <i>belwen</i>, <i>belowen</i>, AS. <i>bylgean</i>,
fr. <i>bellan</i>; akin to G. <i>bellen</i>, and perh. to L. <i>flere</i>
to weep, OSlav. <i>bleja</i> to bleat, Lith. <i>balsas</i> voice. Cf.
<u>Bell</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Bawl</u>,
<u>Bull</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a hollow, loud noise, as an
enraged bull.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bowl; to vociferate; to clamor.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To roar; as the sea in a tempest, or as the wind
when violent; to make a loud, hollow, continued sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bellowing</i> voice of boiling seas.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bel"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To emit with a loud
voice; to shout; -- used with <i>out</i>.</def> "Would <i>bellow</i> out a
laugh."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel"low</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A loud resounding outcry or
noise, as of an enraged bull; a roar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel"low*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, bellows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel"lows</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>bely</i>, <i>below</i>, belly, bellows, AS. <i>b&aelig;lg</i>,
<i>b&aelig;lig</i>, bag, bellows, belly. Bellows is prop. a pl. and the
orig. sense is bag. See <u>Belly</u>.] <def>An instrument, utensil, or
machine, which, by alternate expansion and contraction, or by rise and fall
of the top, draws in air through a valve and expels it through a tube for
various purposes, as blowing fires, ventilating mines, or filling the pipes
of an organ with wind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bellows camera</b></col>, <cd>in photography, a form of camera,
which can be drawn out like an accordion or <i>bellows</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hydrostatic bellows</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Hydrostatic</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>A pair of bellows</b></col>, <cd>the ordinary household instrument
for blowing fires, consisting of two nearly heart-shaped boards with
handles, connected by leather, and having a valve and tube.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bel"lows fish`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European fish
(<i>Centriscus scolopax</i>), distinguished by a long tubular snout, like
the pipe of a bellows; -- called also <i>trumpet fish</i>, and <i>snipe
fish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell" pep`per</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of Capsicum,
or Guinea pepper (<i>C. annuum</i>). It is the red pepper of the
gardens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell"-shaped`</hw> (-sh&amacr;pt`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the shape of a wide-mouthed bell; campanulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel"lu*ine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>belluinus</i>,
fr. <i>bellua</i> beast.] <def>Pertaining to, or like, a beast;
brutal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Animal and <i>belluine</i> life.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bell"weth`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A wether, or sheep, which leads the flock, with a bell on his
neck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A leader.</def> [Contemptuous]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bell"wort"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of plants (<i>Uvularia</i>) with yellowish bell-shaped
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel"ly</hw> (b&ebreve;l"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bellies</b></plw> (-l&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>bali</i>, <i>bely</i>, AS.
<i>belg</i>, <i>b&aelig;lg</i>, <i>b&aelig;lig</i>, bag, bellows, belly;
akin to Icel. <i>belgr</i> bag, bellows, Sw. <i>b&auml;lg</i>, Dan.
<i>b&aelig;lg</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>balg</i>, cf. W. <i>bol</i> the paunch or
belly, dim. <i>boly</i>, Ir. <i>bolg</i>. Cf. <u>Bellows</u>,
<u>Follicle</u>, <u>Fool</u>, <u>Bilge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
part of the human body which extends downward from the breast to the
thighs, and contains the bowels, or intestines; the abdomen.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly all the splanchnic or visceral cavities were called
bellies; -- the <i>lower belly</i> being the abdomen; the <i>middle
belly</i>, the thorax; and the <i>upper belly</i>, the head.
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The under part of the body of animals,
corresponding to the human belly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Underneath the <i>belly</i> of their steeds.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The womb.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Before I formed thee in the <i>belly</i> I knew thee.<BR>
<i>Jer. i. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The part of anything which resembles the human
belly in protuberance or in cavity; the innermost part; as, the
<i>belly</i> of a flask, muscle, sail, ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Out of the <i>belly</i> of hell cried I.<BR>
<i>Jonah ii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The hollow part of a curved or
bent timber, the convex part of which is the back.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Belly doublet</b></col>, <cd>a doublet of the 16th century,
hanging down so as to cover the belly.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Belly
fretting</b></col>, <cd>the chafing of a horse's belly with a girth.</cd>
<i>Johnson.</i> -- <col><b>Belly timber</b></col>, <cd>food.</cd>
[Ludicrous] <i>Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Belly worm</b></col>, <cd>a worm that
breeds or lives in the belly (stomach or intestines).</cd>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bellied</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bellying</u>.]
<def>To cause to swell out; to fill.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Your breath of full consent <i>bellied</i> his sails.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bel"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To swell and become
protuberant, like the belly; to bulge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bellying</i> canvas strutted with the gale.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bel"ly*ache`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pain in the
bowels; colic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel"ly*band`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A band that passes under the belly of a horse and holds the saddle or
harness in place; a girth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A band of flannel or other cloth about the
belly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A band of canvas, to strengthen a
sail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel"ly*bound`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Costive;
constipated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel"ly*cheat`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An apron or
covering for the front of the person.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel"ly*cheer`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. from F.
<i>belle ch&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Good cheer; viands.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Bellycheer</i> and banquets." <i>Rowlands.</i> "Loaves and
<i>bellycheer</i>." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel"ly*cheer`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To revel; to
feast.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A pack of clergymen [assembled] by themselves to
<i>bellycheer</i> in their presumptuous Sion.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bel"ly*ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>As much as
satisfies the appetite. Hence: A great abundance; more than enough.</def>
<i>Lloyd.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>King James told his son that he would have his
<i>bellyful</i> of parliamentary impeachments.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bel"ly-god`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose great
pleasure it is to gratify his appetite; a glutton; an epicure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel"ly-pinched`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pinched with
hunger; starved.</def> "The <i>belly-pinched</i> wolf."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*lock"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Belocked</u> (&?;).] [Pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>lock</i>: cf.
AS. <i>bel&?;can</i>.] <def>To lock, or fasten as with a lock.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel"o*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>;
<i>&?;</i> arrow + <i>&?;</i> a diviner: cf. F. <i>b&eacute;lomancie</i>.]
<def>A kind of divination anciently practiced by means of marked arrows
drawn at random from a bag or quiver, the marks on the arrows drawn being
supposed to foreshow the future.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*long"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Belonged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Belonging</u>.] [OE. <i>belongen</i> (akin to D. <i>belangen</i> to
concern, G. <i>belangen</i> to attain to, to concern); pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>longen</i> to desire. See <u>Long</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] [Usually
construed with <i>to</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be the property
<i>of</i>; as, Jamaica <i>belongs</i> to Great Britain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be a part <i>of</i>, or connected
<i>with</i>; to be appendant or related; to owe allegiance or
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A desert place <i>belonging</i> to . . . Bethsaids.<BR>
<i>Luke ix. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The mighty men which <i>belonged</i> to David.<BR>
<i>1 Kings i. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be the concern or proper business or function
<i>of</i>; to appertain <i>to</i>.</def> "Do not interpretations
<i>belong</i> to God ?"  <i>Gen. xl. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be suitable <i>for</i>; to be due
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strong meat <i>belongeth</i> to them that are of full
age.<BR>
<i>Heb. v. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No blame <i>belongs</i> to thee.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be native <i>to</i>, or an inhabitant
<i>of</i>; esp. to have a legal residence, settlement, or inhabitancy,
whether by birth or operation of law, so as to be entitled to maintenance
by the parish or town.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bastards also are settled in the parishes to which the
mothers <i>belong</i>.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*long"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be deserved
by.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>More evils <i>belong</i> us than happen to us.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*long"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Commonly in the <i>pl</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which belongs to one; that which pertains to
one; hence, goods or effects.</def> "Thyself and thy <i>belongings</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is connected with a principal or
greater thing; an appendage; an appurtenance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Family; relations; household.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Few persons of her ladyship's <i>belongings</i> stopped,
before they did her bidding, to ask her reasons.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bel"o*nite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> a
needle.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Minute acicular or dendritic crystalline forms
sometimes observed in glassy volcanic rocks.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bel*oo"che Bel*oo"chee</hw> } (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to Beloochistan, or to its inhabitants.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A native or an inhabitant of
Beloochistan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*lord"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To act the lord over.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To address by the title of "lord".</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*love"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beloved</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>bilufien</i>. See pref. <u>Be-
</u>, and <u>Love</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To love.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wodroephe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*loved"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Greatly
loved; dear to the heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Antony, so well <i>beloved</i> of C&aelig;sar.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This is my <i>beloved</i> Son.<BR>
<i>Matt. iii. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*lov"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One greatly
loved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>beloved</i> is mine, and I am his.<BR>
<i>Cant. ii. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*low"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>be-</i> by +
<i>low</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Under, or lower in place; beneath not
so high; as, <i>below</i> the moon; <i>below</i> the knee.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inferior to in rank, excellence, dignity, value,
amount, price, etc.; lower in quality.</def> "One degree <i>below</i>
kings."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unworthy of; unbefitting; beneath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They beheld, with a just loathing and disdain, . . . how
<i>below</i> all history the persons and their actions were.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Who thinks no fact <i>below</i> his regard.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Underneath; under; beneath.</p>

<p><hw>Be*low"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a
lower place, with respect to any object; in a lower room;
beneath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord Marmion waits <i>below</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>On the earth, as opposed to the
heavens.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fairest child of Jove <i>below</i>.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In hell, or the regions of the dead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What business brought him to the realms <i>below</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In court or tribunal of inferior jurisdiction;
as, at the trial <i>below</i>.</def>  <i>Wheaton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In some part or page following.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*lowt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat as a
lout; to talk abusively to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel"sire`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bel-</i> +
<i>sire</i>. Cf. <u>Beldam</u>.] <def>A grandfather, or ancestor.</def>
"His great <i>belsir</i>e Brute." [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel"swag`ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from
<i>bellyswagger</i>.] <def>A lewd man; also, a bully.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Belt</hw> (b&ebreve;lt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>belt</i>; akin
to Icel. <i>belti</i>, Sw. <i>b&auml;lte</i>, Dan. <i>b&aelig;lte</i>, OHG.
<i>balz</i>, L. <i>balteus</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>balt</i> border, belt.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which engirdles a person or thing; a band or
girdle; as, a lady's <i>belt</i>; a sword <i>belt</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shining <i>belt</i> with gold inlaid.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which restrains or confines as a
girdle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He cannot buckle his distempered cause<BR>
Within the <i>belt</i> of rule.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything that resembles a belt, or that
encircles or crosses like a belt; a strip or stripe; as, a <i>belt</i> of
trees; a <i>belt</i> of sand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Band</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.   A very broad band is more properly termed a
<i>belt</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of certain girdles or zones
on the surface of the planets Jupiter and Saturn, supposed to be of the
nature of clouds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A narrow passage or strait; as,
the Great <i>Belt</i> and the Lesser <i>Belt</i>, leading to the Baltic
Sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A token or badge of knightly
rank.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A band of leather, or other
flexible substance, passing around two wheels, and communicating motion
from one to the other.</def>  [See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Pulley</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>A band or stripe, as of
color, round any organ; or any circular ridge or series of
ridges.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Belt lacing</b></col>, <cd>thongs used for lacing together the
ends of machine belting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Belt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Belted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Belting</u>.] <def>To
encircle with, or as with, a belt; to encompass; to surround.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A coarse black robe <i>belted</i> round the waist.<BR>
<i>C. Reade.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>belt</i> him round with hearts undaunted.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shear, as the buttocks and tails of
sheep.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel"tane</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>bealltainn</i>,
<i>bealltuinn</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The first day of May (Old
Style).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The quarter-days anciently in Scotland were Hallowmas,
Candlemas, <i>Beltane</i>, and Lammas.<BR>
<i>New English Dict.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A festival of the heathen Celts on the first day
of May, in the observance of which great bonfires were kindled. It still
exists in a modified form in some parts of Scotland and Ireland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Belt"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Encircled by, or secured with, a belt; as, a <i>belted</i> plaid; girt
with a belt, as an honorary distinction; as, a <i>belted</i> knight; a
<i>belted</i> earl.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Marked with a band or circle; as, a
<i>belted</i> stalk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Worn in, or suspended from, the belt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Three men with <i>belted</i> brands.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Belted cattle</b></col>, <cd>cattle originally from Dutch stock,
having a broad band of white round the middle, while the rest of the body
is black; -- called also <i>blanketed cattle</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bel"tein</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bel"tin</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Beltane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Belt"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The material of which
belts for machinery are made; also, belts, taken collectively.</def></p>

<p><! p. 136 !></p>

<p><hw>Be*lu"ga</hw> (b&esl;*l&umacr;"g&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>bieluga</i> a sort of large sturgeon, prop. white fish, fr.
<i>bieluii</i> white.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cetacean allied to the
dolphins.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The northern <i>beluga</i> (<i>Delphinapterus catodon</i>) is the
white whale and white fish of the whalers. It grows to be from twelve to
eighteen feet long.</p>

<p><hw>Be*lute"</hw> (b&esl;*l&umacr;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Beluted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Beluting</u>.] [Pref. <i>be-</i> + L. <i>lutum</i> mud.]
<def>To bespatter, as with mud.</def> [R.]  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bel`ve*dere"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr.
<i>bello</i>, <i>bel</i>, beautiful + <i>vedere</i> to see.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A small building, or a part of a building, more or less open,
constructed in a place commanding a fine prospect.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bel"ze*buth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Beelzebub</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spider monkey (<i>Ateles
belzebuth</i>) of Brazil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Be"ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> step,
platform.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A platform from
which speakers addressed an assembly.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of
an early Christian church which was reserved for the higher clergy; the
inner or eastern part of the chancel.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Erroneously: A pulpit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*mad"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make mad.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*man"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mangle; to
tear asunder.</def> [R.]  <i>Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*mask"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mask; to
conceal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*mas"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To master
thoroughly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*maul"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To maul or beat
severely; to bruise.</def> "In order to <i>bemaul</i> Yorick."
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*maze</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bimasen</i>;
pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>masen</i> to maze.] <def>To bewilder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Intellects <i>bemazed</i> in endless doubt.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*mean"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make mean; to
lower.</def>  <i>C. Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*meet"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bemet</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bemeeting</u>.] <def>To meet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our very loving sister, well <i>bemet</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*mete"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mete.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*min"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mingle; to
mix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*mire"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bemired</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bemiring</u>.] <def>To drag through, encumber with, or fix in, the mire;
to soil by passing through mud or dirt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bemired</i> and benighted in the dog.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*mist"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To envelop in
mist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*moan"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bemoaned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bemoaning</u>.] [OE. <i>bimenen</i>, AS. <i>bem&?;nan</i>; pref. <i>be-
</i> + <i>m&?;nan</i> to moan. See <u>Moan</u>.] <def>To express deep grief
for by moaning; to express sorrow for; to lament; to bewail; to pity or
sympathize with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Implores their pity, and his pain <i>bemoans</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Deplore</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Be*moan"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
bemoans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*mock"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mock; to
ridicule.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bemock</i> the modest moon.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*moil"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>moil</i>, fr. F. <i>mouiller</i> to wet; but cf. also OE. <i>bimolen</i>
to soil, fr. AS. <i>m&amacr;l</i> spot: cf. E. <i>mole</i>.] <def>To soil
or encumber with mire and dirt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be"mol</hw> (b&emacr;"m&obreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>b&eacute;mol</i>, fr. <i>b&eacute;</i> &flat; + <i>mol</i> soft.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The sign &flat;; the same as B flat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*mon"ster</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
monstrous or like a monster.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*mourn"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mourn
over.</def>  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*mud"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To muddle; to
stupefy or bewilder; to confuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*muf"fle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover as with
a muffler; to wrap up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bemuffled</i> with the externals of religion.<BR>
<i>Sterne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*muse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To muddle, daze,
or partially stupefy, as with liquor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A parson much <i>bemused</i> in beer.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ben</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ben" nut`</hw>  } (&?;). [Ar.
<i>b&amacr;n</i>, name of the tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The seed of one or
more species of moringa; as, oil of <i>ben</i>. See
<u>Moringa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben</hw>, <pos><i>adv. &amp; prep.</i></pos> [AS. <i>binnan</i>; pref.
<i>be-</i> by + <i>innan</i> within, <i>in</i> in.] <def>Within; in; in or
into the interior; toward the inner apartment.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Ben</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ben</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>The inner or principal room in a hut or house
of two rooms; -- opposed to <i>but</i>, the outer apartment.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Ben</hw>. <def>An old form of the <pos><i>pl. indic. pr.</i></pos>
of <u>Be</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*name"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Benamed</u>, <u>Benempt</u>.] <def>To promise; to
name.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bench</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Benches</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>bench</i>, <i>benk</i>, AS.
<i>benc</i>; akin to Sw. <i>b&auml;nk</i>, Dan <i>b&aelig;nk</i>, Icel.
<i>bekkr</i>, OS., D., &amp; G. <i>bank</i>. Cf. <u>Bank</u>, <u>Beach</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long seat, differing from a stool in its greater
length.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mossy <i>benches</i> supplied the place of chairs.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A long table at which mechanics and other work;
as, a carpenter's <i>bench</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The seat where judges sit in court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To pluck down justice from your awful <i>bench</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The persons who sit as judges; the court; as,
the opinion of the full <i>bench</i>. See <u>King's Bench</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A collection or group of dogs exhibited to the
public; -- so named because the animals are usually placed on benches or
raised platforms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A conformation like a bench; a long stretch of
flat ground, or a kind of natural terrace, near a lake or river.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bench mark</b></col> <i>(Leveling)</i>, <cd>one of a number of
marks along a line of survey, affixed to permanent objects, to show where
leveling staffs were placed.</cd> -- <col><b>Bench of bishops</b></col>,
<cd>the whole body of English prelates assembled in council.</cd> --
<col><b>Bench plane</b></col>, <cd>any plane used by carpenters and joiners
for working a flat surface, as jack planes, long planes.</cd> --
<col><b>Bench show</b></col>, <cd>an exhibition of dogs.</cd> --
<col><b>Bench table</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a projecting course at
the base of a building, or round a pillar, sufficient to form a
seat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bench</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Benched</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Benching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with
benches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T was <i>benched</i> with turf.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Stately theaters <i>benched</i> crescentwise.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place on a bench or seat of honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom I . . . have <i>benched</i> and reared to worship.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bench</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sit on a seat of
justice.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bench"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>One of the senior and governing members of an Inn of
Court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An alderman of a corporation.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Ashmole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A member of a court or council.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who frequents the benches of a tavern; an
idler.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bench" war`rant</hw> (&?;). <i>(Law)</i> <def>A process issued by a
presiding judge or by a court against a person guilty of some contempt, or
indicted for some crime; -- so called in distinction from a <i>justice's
warrant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bend</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bended</u> or <u>Bent</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Bending</u>.] [AS. <i>bendan</i> to bend, fr. <i>bend</i> a
band, bond, fr. <i>bindan</i> to bind. See <u>Bind</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. 3d &amp; 4th <u>Bend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strain or move out of a straight line; to crook by straining; to make
crooked; to curve; to make ready for use by drawing into a curve; as, to
<i>bend</i> a bow; to <i>bend</i> the knee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn toward some certain point; to direct; to
incline.</def> "<i>Bend</i> thine ear to supplication."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Towards Coventry <i>bend</i> we our course.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bending</i> her eyes . . . upon her parent.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To apply closely or with interest; to
direct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>bend</i> his mind to any public business.<BR>
<i>Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>But when to mischief mortals <i>bend</i> their will.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to yield; to render submissive; to
subdue.</def> "Except she <i>bend</i> her humor."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To fasten, as one rope to
another, or as a sail to its yard or stay; or as a cable to the ring of an
anchor.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To bend the brow</b></col>, <cd>to knit the brow, as in deep
thought or in anger; to scowl; to frown.</cd>  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To lean; stoop; deflect; bow; yield.</p>

<p><hw>Bend</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be
moved or strained out of a straight line; to crook or be curving; to
bow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The green earth's end<BR>
Where the bowed welkin slow doth <i>bend</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To jut over; to overhang.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a cliff, whose high and <i>bending</i> head<BR>
Looks fearfully in the confined deep.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be inclined; to be directed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To whom our vows and wished <i>bend</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bow in prayer, or in token of
submission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While each to his great Father <i>bends</i>.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bend</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bend</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Bent</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A turn or deflection from a straight line or from the proper direction
or normal position; a curve; a crook; as, a slight <i>bend</i> of the body;
a <i>bend</i> in a road.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Turn; purpose; inclination; ends.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Farewell, poor swain; thou art not for my <i>bend</i>.<BR>
<i>Fletcher.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A knot by which one rope is
fastened to another or to an anchor, spar, or post.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Leather Trade)</i> <def>The best quality of sole
leather; a butt. See <u>Butt</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Hard, indurated clay;
bind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>same as <u>caisson
disease</u>.  Usually referred to as <i>the bends</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bends of a ship</b></col>, <cd>the thickest and strongest planks
in her sides, more generally called <i>wales</i>. They have the beams,
knees, and foothooks bolted to them. Also, the frames or ribs that form the
ship's body from the keel to the top of the sides; as, the midship
<i>bend</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bend</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bend</i>. See <u>Band</u>,
and cf. the preceding noun.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A band.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [OF. <i>bende</i>, <i>bande</i>, F. <i>bande</i>. See
<u>Band</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of the honorable ordinaries,
containing a third or a fifth part of the field. It crosses the field
diagonally from the dexter chief to the sinister base.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bend sinister</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>an honorable ordinary
drawn from the sinister chief to the dexter base.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bend"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
bent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bend"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, bends.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument used for bending.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A drunken spree.</def> [Low, U. S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sixpence.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bend"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The marking of the clothes
with stripes or horizontal bands.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bend"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bend</i> + <i>-
let</i>: cf. E. <i>bandlet</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A narrow bend, esp. one
half the width of the bend.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bend"wise</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Diagonally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben"dy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Bend</u> a band.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Divided into an even number of bends; -- said of a
shield or its charge.</def>  <i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ben"e</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Benne</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be"ne</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>b&emacr;n</i>.]
<def>A prayer; boon.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>What is good for a bootless <i>bene</i> ?<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Bene</hw>, <hw>Ben</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hoglike mammal of New Guinea (<i>Porcula
papuensis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*neaped"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Neaped</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*neath"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>benethe</i>,
<i>bineo&eth;en</i>, AS. <i>beneo&eth;an</i>, <i>beny&eth;an</i>; pref.
<i>be-</i> + <i>neo&eth;an</i>, <i>ny&eth;an</i>, downward, beneath, akin
to E. <i>nether</i>. See <u>Nether</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lower in
place, with something directly over or on; under; underneath; hence, at the
foot of.</def> "<i>Beneath</i> the mount."  <i>Ex. xxxii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Beneath</i> a rude and nameless stone he lies.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Under, in relation to something that is
superior, or that oppresses or burdens.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our country sinks <i>beneath</i> the yoke.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lower in rank, dignity, or excellence than; as,
brutes are <i>beneath</i> man; man is <i>beneath</i> angels in the scale of
beings. Hence: Unworthy of; unbecoming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will do nothing that is <i>beneath</i> his high
station.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*neath"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a lower place; underneath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth you take from <i>beneath</i> will be barren.<BR>
<i>Mortimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Below, as opposed to heaven, or to any superior
region or position; as, in earth <i>beneath</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ben`e*dic"i*te</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., (imperative
pl.,) bless ye, praise ye.] <def>A canticle (the Latin version of which
begins with this word) which may be used in the order for morning prayer in
the Church of England. It is taken from an apocryphal addition to the third
chapter of Daniel.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ben`e*dic"i*te</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [See
<u>Benedicite</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>An exclamation corresponding
to <i>Bless you</i> !.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ben"e*dict</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ben"e*dick</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Benedick</i>, one of the characters in
Shakespeare's play of  "Much Ado about Nothing."] <def>A married man, or a
man newly married.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben"e*dict</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>benedictus</i>, p. p.
of <i>benedicere</i> to bless. See <u>Benison</u>, and cf. <u>Bennet</u>.]
<def>Having mild and salubrious qualities.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*dic"tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the monks of St. Benedict, or St. Benet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*dic"tine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of a famous order of monks, established by St. Benedict of Nursia
in the sixth century. This order was introduced into the United States in
1846.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Benedictines wear black clothing, and are sometimes called
<i>Black Monks</i>. The name Black <i>Fr&?;&?;&?;&?;rs</i> which belongs to
the Dominicans, is also sometimes applied to the Benedictines.</p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*dic"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>benedictio</i>: cf. F. <i>b&eacute;n&eacute;diction</i>. See
<u>Benison</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of blessing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blessing; an expression of blessing, prayer,
or kind wishes in favor of any person or thing; a solemn or affectionate
invocation of happiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So saying, he arose; whom Adam thus<BR>
Followed with <i>benediction</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Homeward serenely she walked with God's <i>benediction</i>
upon her.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Specifically: <def>The short prayer which closes public worship; as, to
give the <i>benediction</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The form of instituting an abbot,
answering to the consecration of a bishop.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A solemn rite by which bells,
banners, candles, etc., are blessed with holy water, and formally dedicated
to God.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*dic"tion*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book of
benedictions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*dic"tion*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
collected series of benedictions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>benedictionary</i> of Bishop Athelwold.<BR>
<i>G. Gurton's Needle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*dic"tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
bless.</def>  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*dic"to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Expressing
wishes for good; as, a b<i>enedictory</i> prayer.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ben`e*dic"tus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., blessed. See
<u>Benedict</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The song of Zacharias at the
birth of John the Baptist (<i>Luke i. 68</i>); -- so named from the first
word of the Latin version.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben"e*dight</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Blessed.</def>
[R.]  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*fac"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>benefactio</i>, fr. <i>benefacere</i> to do good to one; <i>bene</i>
well + <i>facere</i> to do. See <u>Benefit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of conferring a benefit.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A benefit conferred; esp. a charitable
donation.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gift; present; gratuity; boon; alms.</p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*fac"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
confers a benefit or benefits.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*fac"tress</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who confers
a benefit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>benefactress</i> blushes at the deed.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*nef"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>beneficus</i>. See
<u>Benefice</u>.] <def>Favorable; beneficent.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ben"e*fice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>b&eacute;n&eacute;fice</i>, L. <i>beneficium</i>, a kindness , in LL. a
grant of an estate, fr. L. <i>beneficus</i> beneficent; <i>bene</i> well +
<i>facere</i> to do. See <u>Benefit</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A favor or benefit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>An estate in lands; a
fief.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Such an estate was granted at first for life only, and held on
the mere good pleasure of the donor; but afterward, becoming hereditary, it
received the appellation of <i>fief</i>, and the term <i>benefice</i>
became appropriated to church livings.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastical living and church preferment,
as in the Church of England; a church endowed with a revenue for the
maintenance of divine service. See <u>Advowson</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; All church preferments are called <i>benefices</i>, except
bishoprics, which are called <i>dignities</i>. But, ordinarily, the term
<i>dignity</i> is applied to bishoprics, deaneries, archdeaconries, and
prebendaryships; <i>benefice</i> to parsonages, vicarages, and
donatives.</p>

<p><hw>Ben"e*fice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beneficed</u>.] <def>To endow with a benefice.</def>
[Commonly in the past participle.]</p>

<p><hw>Ben"e*ficed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Possessed of a
benefice or church preferment.</def> "<i>Beneficed</i> clergymen."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ben"e*fice*less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
benefice.</def> "<i>Beneficeless</i> precisians."  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*nef"i*cence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>beneficentia</i>, fr. <i>beneficus</i>: cf. F.
<i>b&eacute;n&eacute;ficence</i>. See <u>Benefice</u>.] <def>The practice
of doing good; active goodness, kindness, or charity; bounty springing from
purity and goodness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And whose <i>beneficence</i> no charge exhausts.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Benevolence</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Be*nef`i*cent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Doing or
producing good; performing acts of kindness and charity; characterized by
beneficence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>beneficent</i> fruits of Christianity.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Benevolent</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Be*nef`i*cen"tial</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
beneficence.</def></p>

<p><! p. 137 !></p>

<p><hw>Be*nef"i*cent*ly</hw>
(b&esl;*n&ebreve;f"&ibreve;*s<i>e</i>nt*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a beneficent manner; with beneficence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*fi"cial</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>b&eacute;n&eacute;ficial</i>, LL. <i>beneficialis</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Conferring benefits; useful; profitable; helpful;
advantageous; serviceable; contributing to a valuable end; -- followed by
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The war which would have been most <i>beneficial</i> to
us.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Receiving, or entitled to have or
receive, advantage, use, or benefit; as, the <i>beneficial</i> owner of an
estate.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>King.</def> [Obs.]  "A <i>beneficial</i> foe."
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Advantage</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*fi"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a beneficial
or advantageous manner; profitably; helpfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*fi"cial*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being beneficial; profitableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*fi"ci*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>b&eacute;n&eacute;ficiaire</i>, LL. <i>beneficiarius</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Holding some office or valuable possession, in
subordination to another; holding under a feudal or other superior; having
a dependent and secondary possession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A feudatory or <i>beneficiary</i> king of England.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bestowed as a gratuity; as, <i>beneficiary</i>
gifts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*fi"ci*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Beneficiaries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A feudatory
or vassal; hence, one who holds a benefice and uses its proceeds.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who receives anything as a gift; one who
receives a benefit or advantage; esp. one who receives help or income from
an educational fund or a trust estate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rich men will be offering sacrifice to their Deity whose
<i>beneficiaries</i> they are.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*fi"ci*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>beneficia</i>r to benefit, to work mines.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To
reduce (ores).</def> -- <wf>Ben`e*fi`ci*a"tion</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ben`e*fi"cient</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Beneficent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ben"e*fit</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>benefet</i>,
<i>benfeet</i>, <i>bienfet</i>, F. <i>bienfait</i>, fr. L.
<i>benefactum</i>; bene well (adv. of <i>bonus</i> good) + <i>factum</i>,
p. p. of <i>facere</i> to do. See <u>Bounty</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An act of kindness; a favor conferred.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bless the Lord, O my soul, and forget not all his
<i>benefits</i>.<BR>
<i>Ps. ciii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whatever promotes prosperity and personal
happiness, or adds value to property; advantage; profit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men have no right to what is not for their
<i>benefit</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A theatrical performance, a concert, or the
like, the proceeds of which do not go to the lessee of the theater or to
the company, but to some individual actor, or to some charitable
use.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Beneficence; liberality.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Webster  (1623).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Natural advantages; endowments;
accomplishments.</def> [R.] "The <i>benefits</i> of your own country."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Benefit of clergy</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Clergy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Profit; service; use; avail. See <u>Advantage</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ben"e*fit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Benefited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Benefitting</u>.] <def>To be beneficial to; to do good to; to advantage;
to advance in health or prosperity; to be useful to; to profit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will repent of the good, wherewith I said I would
<i>benefit</i> them.<BR>
<i>Jer. xviii. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ben"e*fit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gain advantage; to
make improvement; to profit; as, he will <i>benefit</i> by the
change.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben"e*fit`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who confers a
benefit; -- also, one who receives a benefit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*neme"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ben&?;man</i>.
Cf. <u>Benim</u>.] <def>To deprive (<i>of</i>), or take away
(<i>from</i>).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*nempt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Bename</u>.
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Promised; vowed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Named; styled.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Be`ne plac"i*to</hw> (b&emacr;`n&esl; pl&abreve;s"&ibreve;*t&osl;;
It. b&amacr;`n&asl; pl&auml;"ch&esl;*t&osl;). [It. <i>beneplacito</i>
pleasure, fr. L. <i>bene</i> well + <i>placitus</i> pleasing.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At or during pleasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For our English judges there never was . . . any <i>bene
placito</i> as their tenure.<BR>
<i>F. Harrison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>At pleasure; ad libitum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*net"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Benetted</u>.] <def>To catch in a net; to insnare.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*nev"o*lence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>benevolence</i>, L. <i>benevolentia</i>. See <u>Benevolent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The disposition to do good; good will;
charitableness; love of mankind, accompanied with a desire to promote their
happiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wakeful <i>benevolence</i> of the gospel.<BR>
<i>Chalmers.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act of kindness; good done; charity
given.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A species of compulsory contribution or tax,
which has sometimes been illegally exacted by arbitrary kings of England,
and falsely represented as a gratuity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Benevolence</u>, <u>Beneficence</u>,
<u>Munificence</u>.  <i>Benevolence</i> marks a disposition made up of a
choice and desire for the happiness of others. <i>Beneficence</i> marks the
working of this disposition in dispensing good on a somewhat broad scale.
<i>Munificence</i> shows the same disposition, but acting on a still
broader scale, in conferring gifts and favors. These are not necessarily
confined to objects of immediate utility. One may show his
<i>munificence</i> in presents of pictures or jewelry, but this would not
be <i>beneficence</i>. <i>Benevolence</i> of heart; <i>beneficence</i> of
life; <i>munificence</i> in the encouragement of letters.</p>

<p><hw>Be*nev"o*lent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>benevolens</i>, <i>-entis</i>; <i>bene</i> well (adv. of <i>bonus</i>
good) + <i>volens</i>, p. pr. of <i>volo</i> I will, I wish. See
<u>Bounty</u>, and <u>Voluntary</u>.] <def>Having a disposition to do good;
possessing or manifesting love to mankind, and a desire to promote their
prosperity and happiness; disposed to give to good objects; kind;
charitable.</def> -- <wf>Be*nev"o*lent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Benevolent</u>, <u>Beneficent</u>.  Etymologically
considered, <i>benevolent</i> implies <i>wishing</i> well to others, and
<i>beneficent</i>, <i>doing</i> well. But by degrees the word
<i>benevolent</i> has been widened to include not only feelings, but
actions; thus, we speak of <i>benevolent</i> operations, <i>benevolent</i>
labors for the public good, <i>benevolent</i> societies. In like manner,
<i>beneficent</i> is now often applied to feelings; thus, we speak of the
<i>beneficent</i> intentions of a donor. This extension of the terms
enables us to mark nicer shades of meaning. Thus, the phrase
"<i>benevolent</i> labors" turns attention to the <i>source</i> of these
labors, viz., <i>benevolent</i> feeling; while <i>beneficent</i> would
simply mark them as productive of good. So, "<i>beneficent</i> intentions"
point to the feelings of the donor as bent upon some specific good act;
while "<i>benevolent</i> intentions" would only denote a general wish and
design to do good.</p>

<p><hw>Be*nev"o*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>benevolus</i>.] <def>Kind; benevolent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T.
Puller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ben*gal"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
province in India, giving its name to various stuffs, animals,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thin stuff, made of silk and hair, originally
brought from Bengal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Striped gingham, originally brought from Bengal;
Bengal stripes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bengal light</b></col>, <cd>a firework containing niter,
sulphur, and antimony, and producing a sustained and vivid colored light,
used in making signals and in pyrotechnics; -- called also <i>blue
light</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bengal stripes</b></col>, <cd>a kind of cotton
cloth woven with colored stripes. See <u>Bengal</u>, 3.</cd> --
<col><b>Bengal tiger</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>. <cd>See
<u>Tiger</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ben*gal"ee</hw>, <hw>Ben*gal"i</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The language spoken in Bengal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben`gal*ese"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Bengal.</def> -- <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl</i></pos>. <def>A native or
natives of Bengal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben*go"la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Bengal
light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*night"</hw> (b&esl;*n&imacr;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Benighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Benighting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To involve in
darkness; to shroud with the shades of night; to obscure.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The clouds <i>benight</i> the sky.<BR>
<i>Garth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overtake with night or darkness, especially
before the end of a day's journey or task.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some virgin, sure, . . . <i>benighted</i> in these
woods.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To involve in moral darkness, or ignorance; to
debar from intellectual light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall we to men <i>benighted</i><BR>
The lamp of life deny ?<BR>
<i>Heber.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*night"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of
being benighted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*nign"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>benigne</i>,
<i>bening</i>, OF. <i>benigne</i>, F. <i>b&eacute;nin</i>, fem.
<i>b&eacute;nigne</i>, fr. L. <i>benignus</i>, contr. from
<i>benigenus</i>; <i>bonus</i> good + root of <i>genus</i> kind. See
<u>Bounty</u>, and <u>Genus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of a kind or
gentle disposition; gracious; generous; favorable; benignant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Creator bounteous and <i>benign</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting or manifesting kindness, gentleness,
favor, etc.; mild; kindly; salutary; wholesome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kind influences and <i>benign</i> aspects.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of a mild type or character; as, a <i>benign</i>
disease.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Kind; propitious; bland; genial; salubrious; favorable
salutary; gracious; liberal.</p>

<p><hw>Be*nig"nan*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Benignant
quality; kindliness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*nig"nant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>benignans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>benignare</i>, from L. <i>benignus</i>. See <u>Benign</u>.]
<def>Kind; gracious; favorable.</def> -- <wf>Be*nig"nant*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Be*nig"ni*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>benignite</i>,
F. <i>b&eacute;nignit&eacute;</i>, OF. <i>b&eacute;nignet&eacute;</i>, fr.
L. <i>benignitas</i>. See <u>Benign</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality of being benign; goodness; kindness; graciousness.</def>
"<i>Benignity</i> of aspect."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mildness; gentleness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>benignity</i> or inclemency of the season.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Salubrity; wholesome quality.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*nign"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a benign
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*nim"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>beniman</i>. See
<u>Benumb</u>, and cf. <u>Nim</u>.] <def>To take away.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ire . . . <i>benimeth</i> the man fro God.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ben"i*son</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>beneysun</i>,
<i>benesoun</i>, OF. <i>bene&iuml;&?;un</i>, <i>bene&iuml;son</i>, fr. L.
<i>benedictio</i>, fr. <i>benedicere</i> to bless; <i>bene</i> (adv. of
<i>bonus</i> good) + <i>dicere</i> to say. See <u>Bounty</u>, and
<u>Diction</u>, and cf. <u>Benediction</u>.] <def>Blessing; beatitude;
benediction.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>More precious than the <i>benison</i> of friends.<BR>
<i>Talfourd.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||B&eacute;*ni"tier`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>b&eacute;nir</i> to bless.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A holy-water
stoup.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ben"ja*min</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from
<i>benzoin</i>.] <def>See <u>Benzoin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben"ja*min</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of upper coat for
men.</def> [Colloq. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ben"ja*mite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A descendant of
Benjamin; one of the tribe of Benjamin.</def>  <i>Judg. iii. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ben"ne</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay <i>bijen</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name of two plants (<i>Sesamum orientale</i> and
<i>S. indicum</i>), originally Asiatic; -- also called <i>oil plant</i>.
From their seeds an oil is expressed, called <i>benne oil</i>, used mostly
for making soap. In the southern United States the seeds are used in
candy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben"net</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>beno&icirc;te</i>,
fr. L. <i>benedicta</i>, fem. of <i>benedictus</i>, p. p., blessed. See
<u>Benedict</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The common
yellow-flowered avens of Europe (<i>Geum urbanum</i>); herb bennet. The
name is sometimes given to other plants, as the hemlock, valerian,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben"shee</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Banshee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bent</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Bend</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bent</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Changed by pressure so as to be no longer straight; crooked; as, a
<i>bent</i> pin; a <i>bent</i> lever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strongly inclined toward something, so as to be
resolved, determined, set, etc.; -- said of the mind, character,
disposition, desires, etc., and used with <i>on</i>; as, to be <i>bent</i>
on going to college; he is <i>bent</i> on mischief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bend</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state of being curved, crooked, or inclined from a straight line; flexure;
curvity; as, the <i>bent</i> of a bow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A declivity or slope, as of a hill.</def> [R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A leaning or bias; proclivity; tendency of mind;
inclination; disposition; purpose; aim.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With a native <i>bent</i> did good pursue.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Particular direction or tendency; flexion;
course.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bents</i> and turns of the matter.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A transverse frame of a framed
structure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Tension; force of acting; energy; impetus.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The full <i>bent</i> and stress of the soul.<BR>
<i>Norris.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Predilection; turn.  <u>Bent</u>, <u>Bias</u>,
<u>Inclination</u>, <u>Prepossession</u>. These words agree in describing a
permanent influence upon the mind which tends to decide its actions.
<i>Bent</i> denotes a fixed tendency of the mind in a given direction. It
is the widest of these terms, and applies to the will, the intellect, and
the affections, taken conjointly; as, the whole <i>bent</i> of his
character was toward evil practices. <i>Bias</i> is literally a weight
fixed on one side of a ball used in bowling, and causing it to swerve from
a straight course. Used figuratively, <i>bias</i> applies particularly to
the judgment, and denotes something which acts with a permanent force on
the character through that faculty; as, the <i>bias</i> of early education,
early habits, etc. <i>Inclination</i> is an excited state of desire or
appetency; as, a strong <i>inclination</i> to the study of the law.
<i>Prepossession</i> is a mingled state of feeling and opinion in respect
to some person or subject, which has laid hold of and occupied the mind
previous to inquiry. The word is commonly used in a good sense, an
unfavorable impression of this kind being denominated a <i>prejudice</i>.
"Strong minds will be strongly <i>bent</i>, and usually labor under a
strong <i>bias</i>; but there is no mind so weak and powerless as not to
have its <i>inclinations</i>, and none so guarded as to be without its
<i>prepossessions</i>."  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>beonet</i>; akin to
OHG. <i>pinuz</i>, G. <i>binse</i>, rush, bent grass; of unknown origin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A reedlike grass; a stalk of stiff, coarse
grass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His spear a <i>bent</i>, both stiff and strong.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A grass of the genus
<i>Agrostis</i>, esp. <i>Agrostis vulgaris</i>, or redtop. The name is also
used of many other grasses, esp. in America.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any neglected field or broken ground; a common;
a moor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bowmen bickered upon the <i>bent</i>.<BR>
<i>Chevy Chase.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bent" grass`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Bent</u>, a
kind of grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben"thal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> the depth
of the sea.] <def>Relating to the deepest zone or region of the
ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben*tham"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Bentham or Benthamism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben"tham*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That phase of the
doctrine of utilitarianism taught by Jeremy Bentham; the doctrine that the
morality of actions is estimated and determined by their utility; also, the
theory that the sensibility to pleasure and the recoil from pain are the
only motives which influence human desires and actions, and that these are
the sufficient explanation of ethical and jural conceptions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben"tham*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who believes
in Benthamism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bent"ing time"</hw> (&?;). <def>The season when pigeons are said to
feed on bents, before peas are ripe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bare <i>benting times</i> . . . may come.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bent"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bounding in bents, or the stalks of coarse, stiff, withered grass; as,
<i>benty</i> fields.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling bent.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*numb"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Benumbed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Benumbing</u>.] [OE. <i>binomen</i>, p. p. of <i>binimen</i> to take
away, AS. <i>beniman</i>; pref. <i>be</i> + <i>niman</i> to take. See
<u>Numb</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Benim</u>.] <def>To make
torpid; to deprive of sensation or sensibility; to stupefy; as, a hand or
foot <i>benumbed</i> by cold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The creeping death <i>benumbed</i> her senses first.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*numbed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made torpid;
numbed; stupefied; deadened; as, a <i>benumbed</i> body and mind.</def> --
<wf>Be*numbed"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Be*numb"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of benumbing,
or state of being benumbed; torpor.</def>  <i>Kirby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ben"zal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Benzoic</i> +
<i>al</i>dehyde.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound radical,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.CH, of the aromatic series, related to benzyl
and benzoyl; -- used adjectively or in combination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben*zam"ide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Benz</i>oin +
<i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A transparent crystalline substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.CO.NH<sub>2</sub>, obtained by the action of
ammonia upon chloride of benzoyl, as also by several other reactions with
benzoyl compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben"zene</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Benzoin</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A volatile, very inflammable liquid,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>, contained in the naphtha produced by the
destructive distillation of coal, from which it is separated by fractional
distillation. The name is sometimes applied also to the impure commercial
product or <i>benzole</i>, and also, but rarely, to a similar mixed product
of petroleum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Benzene nucleus</b></col>, <col><b>Benzene ring</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a closed chain or ring, consisting of six carbon atoms,
each with one hydrogen atom attached, regarded as the type from which the
aromatic compounds are derived. This ring formula is provisionally accepted
as representing the probable constitution of the benzene molecule,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>, and as the type on which its derivatives are
formed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ben"zile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Benzoin</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellowish crystalline substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.CO.CO.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>, formed from
benzoin by the action of oxidizing agents, and consisting of a doubled
benzoyl radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben"zine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Benzoin</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A liquid consisting mainly of the
lighter and more volatile hydrocarbons of petroleum or kerosene oil, used
as a solvent and for cleansing soiled fabrics; -- called also <i>petroleum
spirit</i>, <i>petroleum benzine</i>. Varieties or similar products are
gasoline, naphtha, rhigolene, ligroin, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Benzene</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>&fist; The hydrocarbons of <i>benzine</i> proper are essentially of the
marsh gas series, while <i>benzene</i> proper is the typical hydrocarbon of
the aromatic series.</p>

<p><hw>Ben"zo*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>benzoate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt formed by the union of benzoic
acid with any salifiable base.</def></p>

<p><! p. 138 !></p>

<p><hw>Ben*zo"ic</hw> (b&ebreve;n*z&omacr;"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>benzo&iuml;que</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or obtained from,
benzoin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Benzoic acid</b></col>, or <i>flowers of benzoin</i>, <cd>a
peculiar vegetable acid, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.CO<sub>2</sub>H,
obtained from benzoin, and some other balsams, by sublimation or decoction.
It is also found in the urine of infants and herbivorous animals. It
crystallizes in the form of white, satiny flakes; its odor is aromatic; its
taste is pungent, and somewhat acidulous.</cd> -- <col><b>Benzoic
aldehyde</b></col>, <cd>oil of bitter almonds; the aldehyde,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.CHO, intermediate in composition between benzoic
or benzyl alcohol, and benzoic acid. It is a thin colorless
liquid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ben*zoin"</hw> (b&ebreve;n*zoin"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>benjoin</i>, Sp. <i>benjui</i>, Pg. <i>beijoin</i>; all fr. Ar.
<i>lub&amacr;n-j&amacr;w&imacr;</i> incense form Sumatra (named Java in
Arabic), the first syllable being lost. Cf. <u>Benjamin</u>.] [Called also
<i>benjamin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A resinous substance, dry and
brittle, obtained from the <i>Styrax benzoin</i>, a tree of Sumatra, Java,
etc., having a fragrant odor, and slightly aromatic taste. It is used in
the preparation of benzoic acid, in medicine, and as a perfume.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A white crystalline substance,
C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, obtained from benzoic aldehyde
and some other sources.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The spicebush (<i>Lindera
benzoin</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flowers of benzoin</b></col>, <cd>benzoic acid. See under
<u>Benzoic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ben*zoin"a*ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Containing or impregnated with benzoin; as, <i>benzoinated</i>
lard.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ben"zole</hw> <hw>Ben"zol</hw> } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Benzoin</i> + L. <i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An impure
benzene, used in the arts as a solvent, and for various other purposes. See
<u>Benzene</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It has great solvent powers, and is used by manufacturers of
India rubber and gutta percha; also for cleaning soiled kid gloves, and for
other purposes.</p>

<p><hw>Ben"zo*line</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Benzole</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Same as <u>Amarine</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ben"zoyl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Benzoic</i> + Gr. &?;
wood. See <u>-yl</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound radical,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.CO; the base of benzoic acid, of the oil of
bitter almonds, and of an extensive series of compounds.</def> [Formerly
written also <i>benzule</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ben"zyl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Benzoic</i> + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound radical,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.CH<sub>2</sub>, related to toluene and benzoic
acid; -- commonly used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*paint"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To paint; to
cover or color with, or as with, paint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Else would a maiden blush <i>bepaint</i> my cheek.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*pelt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pelt
roundly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*pinch"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bepinched</u> (&?;).] <def>To pinch, or mark with
pinches.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*plas"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beplastered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beplastering</u>.] <def>To plaster over; to cover or smear thickly; to
bedaub.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Beplastered</i> with rouge.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*plumed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Decked with
feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*pom"mel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bepommeled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bepommeling</u>.] <def>To pommel; to beat, as with a stick;
figuratively, to assail or criticise in conversation, or in writing.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*pow"der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sprinkle or
cover with powder; to powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*praise"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To praise
greatly or extravagantly.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*prose"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reduce to
prose.</def> [R.] "To <i>beprose</i> all rhyme."  <i>Mallet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*puffed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Puffed;
praised.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*pur"ple</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tinge or dye
with a purple color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*queath"</hw> (b&esl;*kw&emacr;&thlig;"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bequeathed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bequeathing</u>.] [OE. <i>biquethen</i>, AS.
<i>becwe&eth;an</i> to say, affirm, bequeath; pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>cwe&eth;an</i> to say, speak. See <u>Quoth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To give or leave by will; to give by testament; -- said especially of
personal property.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My heritage, which my dead father did <i>bequeath</i> to
me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hand down; to transmit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>bequeath</i> posterity somewhat to remember it.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give; to offer; to commit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To whom, with all submission, on my knee<BR>
I do <i>bequeath</i> my faithful services<BR>
And true subjection everlastingly.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Bequeath</u>, <u>Devise</u>.  Both these words
denote the giving or disposing of property by will. <i>Devise</i>, in legal
usage, is property used to denote a gift by will of real property, and he
to whom it is given is called the <i>devisee</i>. <i>Bequeath</i> is
properly applied to a gift by will or legacy; <i>i. e.</i>, of personal
property; the gift is called a <i>legacy</i>, and he who receives it is
called a <i>legatee</i>. In popular usage the word <i>bequeath</i> is
sometimes enlarged so as to embrace <i>devise</i>; and it is sometimes so
construed by courts.</p>

<p><hw>Be*queath"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being bequeathed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*queath"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
bequeathing; bequeathment; bequest.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*queath"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
bequeathing, or the state of being bequeathed; a bequest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*quest"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>biquest</i>,
corrupted fr. <i>bequide</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> + AS. <i>cwide</i> a saying,
<i>becwe&eth;an</i> to bequeath. The ending <i>-est</i> is probably due to
confusion with <i>quest</i>. See <u>Bequeath</u>, <u>Quest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of bequeathing or leaving by will; as, a
<i>bequest</i> of property by A. to B.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is left by will, esp. personal
property; a legacy; also, a gift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*quest"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bequeath, or leave
as a legacy.</def> [Obs.]  "All I have to <i>bequest</i>."
<i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*queth"en</hw> (&?;), <def>old <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Bequeath</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*quote"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To quote
constantly or with great frequency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*rain</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Berained</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beraining</u>.] <def>To rain upon; to wet with rain.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*rate"</hw> (b&esl;*r&amacr;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Berated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Berating</u>.] <def>To rate or chide vehemently; to
scold.</def>  <i>Holland.</i>  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*rat"tle</hw> (b&esl;*r&abreve;t"t'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make rattle; to scold vociferously; to cry down.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*ray"</hw> (b&esl;*r&amacr;"),  <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>be</i> + <i>ray</i> to defile] <def>To make foul; to soil; to
defile.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Berbe</hw> (b&etilde;rb), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Berber, Barb a
Barbary horse.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African genet (<i>Genetta
pardina</i>). See <u>Genet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"ber</hw> (b&etilde;r"b&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Barbary</u>.] <def>A member of a race somewhat resembling the Arabs, but
often classed as Hamitic, who were formerly the inhabitants of the whole of
North Africa from the Mediterranean southward into the Sahara, and who
still occupy a large part of that region; -- called also <i>Kabyles</i>.
Also, the language spoken by this people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"ber*ine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
alkaloid obtained, as a bitter, yellow substance, from the root of the
barberry, gold thread, and other plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"ber*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Barberry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"dash</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
neckcloth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A treatise against the cravat and <i>berdash</i>.<BR>
<i>Steele.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bere</hw> (b&emacr;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OIcel.
<i>berja</i> to strike.] <def>To pierce.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See Bear, barley.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*reave"</hw> (b&esl;*r&emacr;v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bereaved</u> (b&esl;*r&emacr;vd"),
<u>Bereft</u> (b&esl;*r&ebreve;ft"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bereaving.</u>] [OE. <i>bireven</i>, AS. <i>bere&aacute;fian</i>. See
<u>Be-</u>, and <u>Reave.</u>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make destitute; to deprive; to strip; -- with
<i>of</i> before the person or thing taken away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Madam, you have <i>bereft</i> me of all words.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bereft</i> of him who taught me how to sing.<BR>
<i>Tickell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take away from.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All your interest in those territories<BR>
Is utterly <i>bereft</i> you; all is lost.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take away.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Shall move you to <i>bereave</i> my life.<BR>
<i>Marlowe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The imp. and past pple. form <i>bereaved</i> is not used in
reference to immaterial objects. We say <i>bereaved</i> or <i>bereft</i> by
death of a relative, <i>bereft</i> of hope and strength.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dispossess; to divest.</p>

<p><hw>Be*reave"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being bereaved; deprivation; esp., the loss of a relative by
death.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*reav"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
bereaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*reft"</hw> (b&esl;*r&ebreve;ft"), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> of Bereave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*ret"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
Berretta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Berg</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [&radic;95. See <u>Barrow</u>
hill, and cf. <u>Iceberg</u>.] <def>A large mass or hill, as of
ice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Glittering <i>bergs</i> of ice.<BR>
 <i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ber"ga*mot</hw> (b&etilde;r"g&adot;*m&obreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bergamote</i>, fr. It. <i>bergamotta</i>; prob.
a corruption of Turk. <i>beg arm&umacr;di</i> a lord's pear.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tree of the
Orange family (<i>Citrus bergamia</i>), having a roundish or pear-shaped
fruit, from the rind of which an essential oil of delicious odor is
extracted, much prized as a perfume. Also, the fruit.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A variety of mint (<i>Mentha aquatica, var.
glabrata</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The essence or perfume made from the
fruit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A variety of pear.</def> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A variety of snuff perfumed with
bergamot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The better hand . . . gives the nose its
<i>bergamot</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A coarse tapestry, manufactured from flock of
cotton or hemp, mixed with ox's or goat's hair; -- said to have been
invented at Bergamo, Italy.  Encyc. Brit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wild bergamot</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American herb of
the Mint family (<i>Monarda fistulosa</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ber"gan*der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Berg</i>, for
<i>burrow</i> + <i>gander</i> a male goose?  Cf. G. <i>bergente</i>, Dan.
<i>gravgaas</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European duck (<i>Anas
tadorna</i>). See <u>Sheldrake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"ger*et</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bergerete</i>,
F. <i>berger</i> a shepherd.] <def>A pastoral song.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bergh</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>beorg</i>.] <def>A
hill.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Berg"mas`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Barmaster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Berg"meal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>berg</i> mountain
+ <i>mehl</i> meal.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An earthy substance, resembling
fine flour. It is composed of the shells of infusoria, and in Lapland and
Sweden is sometimes eaten, mixed with flour or ground birch bark, in times
of scarcity. This name is also given to a white powdery variety of
calcite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Berg"mote</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Barmote</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"go*mask</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rustic dance, so
called in ridicule of the people of Bergamo, in Italy, once noted for their
clownishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"gylt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Norway haddock. See <u>Rosefish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*rhyme"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Berhymed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Berhyming</u>.] <def>To mention in rhyme or verse; to rhyme about.</def>
[Sometimes use depreciatively.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Be`ri*be"ri</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Singhalese
<i>beri</i> weakness.] <def>An acute disease occurring in India,
characterized by multiple inflammatory changes in the nerves, producing
great muscular debility, a painful rigidity of the limbs, and
cachexy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*rime"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To berhyme.</def>
[The earlier and etymologically preferable spelling.]</p>

<p><hw>Berke*le"ian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to
Bishop Berkeley or his system of idealism; as, <i>Berkeleian</i>
philosophy.</def> -- <wf>Berke"ley*ism</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ber"lin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The capital of Prussia]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A four-wheeled carriage, having a sheltered seat
behind the body and separate from it, invented in the 17th century, at
Berlin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fine worsted for fancy-work; zephyr worsted; --
called also <i>Berlin wool</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Berlin black</b></col>, <cd>a black varnish, drying with almost
a dead surface; -- used for coating the better kinds of ironware.</cd>
<i>Ure.</i> -- <col><b>Berlin blue</b></col>, <cd>Prussian blue.</cd>
<i>Ure.</i> -- <col><b>Berlin green</b></col>, <cd>a complex cyanide of
iron, used as a green dye, and similar to Prussian blue.</cd> --
<col><b>Berlin iron</b></col>, <cd>a very fusible variety of cast iron,
from which figures and other delicate articles are manufactured. These are
often stained or lacquered in imitation of bronze.</cd> -- <col><b>Berlin
shop</b></col>, <cd>a shop for the sale of worsted embroidery and the
materials for such work.</cd> -- <col><b>Berlin work</b></col>, <cd>worsted
embroidery.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Berm</hw> <hw>Berme</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>berme</i>, of German origin; cf. G. <i>brame</i>, <i>br&auml;me</i>,
border, akin to E. <i>brim</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A
narrow shelf or path between the bottom of a parapet and the
ditch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engineering)</i> <def>A ledge at the bottom of a
bank or cutting, to catch earth that may roll down the slope, or to
strengthen the bank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber*mu"da grass`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of grass
(<i>Cynodon Dactylon</i>) esteemed for pasture in the Southern United
States.  It is a native of Southern Europe, but is now wide-spread in warm
countries; -- called also <i>scutch grass</i>, and in Bermuda, <i>devil
grass</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"na*cle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Barnacle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"na fly`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Brazilian
dipterous insect of the genus <i>Trypeta</i>, which lays its eggs in the
nostrils or in wounds of man and beast, where the larv&aelig; do great
injury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"nar*dine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to St. Bernard of Clairvaux, or to the Cistercian monks.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Cistercian monk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber*nese"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
city or canton of Bern, in Switzerland, or to its inhabitants.</def> --
<pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>A native or natives of
Bern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"ni*cle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bernak</i>,
<i>bernacle</i>; cf. OF. <i>bernac</i>; prob. fr. LL. <i>bernacula</i> for
<i>hibernicula</i>, <i>bernicula</i>, fr. <i>Hibernia</i>; the birds coming
from <i>Hibernia</i> or Ireland. Cf. 1st <u>Barnacle</u>.] <def>A bernicle
goose.</def> [Written also <i>barnacle</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bernicle goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a goose
(<i>Branta leucopsis</i>), of Arctic Europe and America. It was formerly
believed that it hatched from the cirripeds of the sea (<i>Lepas</i>),
which were, therefore, called barnacles, goose barnacles, or Anatifers. The
name is also applied to other related species. See <u>Anatifa</u> and
<u>Cirripedia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ber*nouse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Burnoose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*rob"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rob; to
plunder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ber"o*e</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Beroe</i>, one of
the Oceanid&aelig; Gr. <i>&?;</i>: cf. F. <i>bero&eacute;</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, oval, transparent jellyfish, belonging to
the Ctenophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber*ret"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. LL.
<i>birrettum</i>, <i>berretum</i>, a cap, dim. of L. <i>birrus</i>,
<i>birrum</i>, a cloak to keep off rain, cf. Gr. <i>&?;</i> tawny, red: cf.
Sp. <i>birreta</i>, Pg. <i>barrete</i>, and E. <u>Barret</u>.] <def>A
square cap worn by ecclesiastics of the Roman Catholic Church. A cardinal's
berretta is scarlet; that worn by other clerics is black, except that a
bishop's is lined with green.</def> [Also spelt <i>beretta</i>,
<i>biretta</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Ber"ried</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
berries; consisting of a berry; baccate; as, a <i>berried</i>
shrub.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Berries</b></plw>. [OE. <i>berie</i>, AS. <i>berie</i>,
<i>berige</i>; akin to D. <i>bes</i>, G. <i>beere</i>, OS. and OHG.
<i>beri</i>, Icel. <i>ber</i>, Sw. <i>b&auml;r</i>, Goth. <i>basi</i>, and
perh. Skr. <i>bhas</i> to eat.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any small fleshy
fruit, as the strawberry, mulberry, huckleberry, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small fruit that is pulpy or
succulent throughout, having seeds loosely imbedded in the pulp, as the
currant, grape, blueberry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The coffee bean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the ova or eggs of a fish.</def>
<i>Travis.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In berry</b></col>, <cd>containing ova or spawn.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ber"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Berried</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Berrying</u>.]
<def>To bear or produce berries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>beorh</i>. See
<u>Barrow</u> a hill.] <def>A mound; a hillock.</def>  <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ber"ry*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seeking for or
gathering of berries, esp. of such as grow wild.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ber"serk</hw> (&?;), <hw>Ber"serk*er</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>berserkr</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Scand.
Myth.)</i> <def>One of a class of legendary heroes, who fought frenzied by
intoxicating liquors, and naked, regardless of wounds.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who fights as if frenzied, like a
Berserker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bers"tle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bristle</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Berth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the root of <i>bear</i>
to produce, like <i>birth</i> nativity. See <u>Birth</u>.] [Also written
<i>birth</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Convenient
sea room.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A room in which a number of the
officers or ship's company mess and reside.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The place where a ship lies when she is at anchor, or at a
wharf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An allotted place; an appointment; situation or
employment.</def> "He has a good <i>berth</i>."  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place in a ship to sleep in; a long box or
shelf on the side of a cabin or stateroom, or of a railway car, for
sleeping in.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Berth deck</b></col>, <cd>the deck next below the lower gun
deck.</cd> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i> -- <col><b>To give</b></col> (the land
or any object) <col><b>a wide berth</b></col>, <cd>to keep at a distance
from it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Berth</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Berthed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Berthing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give an anchorage to, or a place to lie at; to
place in a berth; as, she was <i>berthed</i> stem to stern with the
Adelaide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To allot or furnish berths to, on shipboard; as,
to <i>berth</i> a ship's company.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ber"tha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>berthe</i>, fr.
<i>Berthe</i>, a woman's name.] <def>A kind of collar or cape worn by
ladies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Berth"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place for mooring
vessels in a dock or harbor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"thi*er*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Berthier</i>, a French naturalist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A double sulphide
of antimony and iron, of a dark steel-gray color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Berth"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
planking outside of a vessel, above the sheer strake.</def>
<i>Smyth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ber"tram</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. L.
<i>pyrethrum</i>, Gr. <i>&?;</i> a hot spicy plant, fr. <i>&?;</i> fire.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pellitory of Spain (<i>Anacyclus
pyrethrum</i>).</def></p>

<p><! p. 139 !></p>

<p><hw>Ber"y*coid</hw> (b&ebreve;r"&ibreve;*koid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[NL. <i>beryx</i>, the name of the typical genus + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the <i>Berycid&aelig;</i>, a
family of marine fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"yl</hw> (b&ebreve;r"&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>b&eacute;ryl</i>, OF. <i>beril</i>, L. <i>beryllus</i>, Gr.
<grk>bh`ryllos</grk>, prob. fr. Skr. <i>vai&dsdot;&umacr;rya</i>. Cf.
<u>Brilliant</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of great hardness, and,
when transparent, of much beauty. It occurs in hexagonal prisms, commonly
of a green or bluish green color, but also yellow, pink, and white. It is a
silicate of aluminium and glucinum (beryllium). The <i>aquamarine</i> is a
transparent, sea-green variety used as a gem. The <i>emerald</i> is another
variety highly prized in jewelry, and distinguished by its deep color,
which is probably due to the presence of a little oxide of
chromium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"yl*line</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a beryl; of a
light or bluish green color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*ryl"li*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A metallic element found in the beryl. See <u>Glucinum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber"yl*loid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Beryl</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A solid consisting of a double twelve-
sided pyramid; -- so called because the planes of this form occur on
crystals of beryl.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Be*saiel"</hw>, <hw>Be*saile"</hw>, <hw>Be*sayle"</hw> (&?;) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>beseel</i>, F. <i>bisa&iuml;eul</i>, fr. L.
<i>bis</i> twice + LL. <i>avolus</i>, dim. of L. <i>avus</i> grandfather.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A great-grandfather.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A kind of writ which formerly lay
where a great-grandfather died seized of lands in fee simple, and on the
day of his death a stranger abated or entered and kept the heir out. This
is now abolished.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*saint"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a saint
of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*sant"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bezant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bes-ant"ler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Bez-
antler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*scat"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To scatter over.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover sparsely by scattering (something); to
strew.</def> "With flowers <i>bescattered</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*scorn"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat with
scorn.</def> "Then was he <i>bescorned</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*scratch"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tear with
the nails; to cover with scratches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*scrawl"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover with
scrawls; to scribble over.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*screen"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover with a
screen, or as with a screen; to shelter; to conceal.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*scrib"ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To scribble
over.</def> "<i>Bescribbled</i> with impertinences."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Be*scum"ber</hw> (&?;), <hw>Be*scum"mer</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>scumber</i>, <i>scummer</i>.] <def>To
discharge ordure or dung upon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*see"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>bese&oacute;n</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>&?;e&oacute;n</i> to see.]
<def>To see; to look; to mind.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*seech"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Besought</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beseeching</u>.] [OE. <i>bisechen</i>, <i>biseken</i> (akin to G.
<i>besuchen</i> to visit); pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>sechen</i>, <i>seken</i>,
to seek. See <u>Seek</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ask or entreat with
urgency; to supplicate; to implore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>beseech</i> you, punish me not with your hard
thoughts.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>But Eve . . . <i>besought</i> his peace.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To beg; to crave.  -- <u>To Beseech</u>, <u>Entreat</u>,
<u>Solicit</u>, <u>Implore</u>, <u>Supplicate</u>. These words agree in
marking that sense of want which leads men to beg some favor. To
<i>solicit</i> is to make a request, with some degree of earnestness and
repetition, of one whom we address as a superior. To <i>entreat</i> implies
greater urgency, usually enforced by adducing reasons or arguments. To
<i>beseech</i> is still stronger, and belongs rather to the language of
poetry and imagination. To <i>implore</i> denotes increased fervor of
entreaty, as addressed either to equals or superiors. To <i>supplicate</i>
expresses the extreme of entreaty, and usually implies a state of deep
humiliation. Thus, a captive <i>supplicates</i> a conqueror to spare his
life. Men <i>solicit</i> by virtue of their interest with another; they
<i>entreat</i> in the use of reasoning and strong representations; they
<i>beseech</i> with importunate earnestness; they <i>implore</i> from a
sense of overwhelming distress; they <i>supplicate</i> with a feeling of
the most absolute inferiority and dependence.</p>

<p><hw>Be*seech"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Solicitation;
supplication.</def> [Obs. or Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*seech"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
beseeches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*seech"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Entreating urgently;
imploring; as, a <i>beseeching</i> look.</def> -- <wf>Be*seech"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Be*seech"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Be*seech"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
beseeching or entreating earnestly.</def> [R.]  <i>Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*seek"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To beseech.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*seem"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beseemed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beseeming</u>.] [Pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>seem</i>.] <def>Literally: To
appear or seem (<i>well</i>, <i>ill</i>, <i>best</i>, etc.) for (one) to do
or to have. Hence: To be fit, suitable, or proper for, or worthy of; to
become; to befit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A duty well <i>beseeming</i> the preachers.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What form of speech or behavior <i>beseemeth</i> us, in our
prayers to God ?<BR>
<i>Hocker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*seem"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To seem; to appear; to
be fitting.</def> [Obs.] "As <i>beseemed</i> best."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*seem"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Appearance; look; garb.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I . . .  did company these three in poor
<i>beseeming</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Comeliness.</def>  <i>Baret.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*seem"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming;
suitable.</def> [Archaic] -- <wf>Be*seem"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Be*seem"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Be*seem"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit; suitable;
becoming.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>beseemly</i> order sitten there.<BR>
<i>Shenstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*seen"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Properly the p. p. of
<i>besee</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Seen; appearing.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Decked or adorned; clad.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Accomplished; versed.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*set"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beset</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Besetting</u>.] [AS. <i>besettan</i> (akin to OHG. <i>bisazjan</i>, G.
<i>besetzen</i>, D. <i>bezetten</i>); pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>settan</i> to
set. See <u>Set</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set or stud (anything)
with ornaments or prominent objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A robe of azure <i>beset</i> with drops of gold.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The garden is so <i>beset</i> with all manner of sweet
shrubs that it perfumes the air.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hem in; to waylay; to surround; to besiege;
to blockade.</def> "<i>Beset</i> with foes."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let thy troops <i>beset</i> our gates.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set upon on all sides; to perplex; to harass;
-- said of dangers, obstacles, etc.</def>  "Adam, sore <i>beset</i>,
replied." <i>Milton.</i>  "<i>Beset</i> with ills." <i>Addison.</i>
"Incommodities which <i>beset</i> old age."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To occupy; to employ; to use up.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To surround; inclose; environ; hem in; besiege; encircle;
encompass; embarrass; urge; press.</p>

<p><hw>Be*set"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
besetting, or the state of being beset; also, that which besets one, as a
sin.</def> "Fearing a <i>besetment</i>."  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*set"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, besets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*set"ting</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Habitually attacking,
harassing, or pressing upon or about; as, a <i>besetting</i> sin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*shine"</hw> (b&esl;*sh&imacr;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Beshone</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Beshining</u>.] <def>To shine upon; to illumine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Be*show"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large food fish (<i>Anoplopoma fimbria</i>) of
the north Pacific coast; -- called also <i>candlefish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*shrew"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To curse; to
execrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Beshrew</i> me, but I love her heartily.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; Often a very mild form of imprecation; sometimes so far from
implying a curse, as to be uttered coaxingly, nay even with some
tenderness.  <i>Schmidt.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Be*shroud"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover with,
or as with, a shroud; to screen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*shut"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shut up or
out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*side"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>biside</i>,
<i>bisiden</i>, <i>bisides</i>, prep. and adv., beside, besides; pref.
<i>be-</i> by + <i>side</i>. Cf. Besides, and see <u>Side</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At the side of; on one side
of.</def> "<i>Beside</i> him hung his bow."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Aside from; out of the regular course or order
of; in a state of deviation from; out of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[You] have done enough<BR>
To put him quite <i>beside</i> his patience.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Over and above; distinct from; in addition
to.</def> [In this use <i>besides</i> is now commoner.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wise and learned men <i>beside</i> those whose names are in
the Christian records.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To be beside one's self</b></col>, <cd>to be out of one's wits
or senses.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Paul, thou art <i>beside thyself</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts
xxvi. 24.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Beside</u>, <u>Besides</u>.  These words, whether used
as prepositions or adverbs, have been considered strictly synonymous, from
an early period of our literature, and have been freely interchanged by our
best writers. There is, however, a tendency, in present usage, to make the
following distinction between them: 1. That <i>beside</i> be used only and
always as a preposition, with the original meaning "by the side of; " as,
to sit <i>beside</i> a fountain; or with the closely allied meaning "aside
from", "apart from", or "out of"; as, this is <i>beside</i> our present
purpose; to be <i>beside</i> one's self with joy. The adverbial sense to be
wholly transferred to the cognate word. 2. That <i>besides</i>, as a
preposition, take the remaining sense "in addition to", as, <i>besides</i>
all this; <i>besides</i> the considerations here offered. "There was a
famine in the land besides the first famine." <i>Gen. xxvi. 1.</i> And that
it also take the adverbial sense of  "moreover", "beyond", etc., which had
been divided between the words; as, <i>besides</i>, there are other
considerations which belong to this case. The following passages may serve
to illustrate this use of the words: --</p>

<p><blockquote>Lovely Thais sits <i>beside</i> thee.</blockquote><BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Only be patient till we have appeased<BR>
The multitude, <i>beside</i> themselves with fear.</blockquote><BR>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>beside</i> my present business to enlarge on this
speculation.</blockquote><BR>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Besides</i> this, there are persons in certain situations
who are expected to be charitable.</blockquote><BR>
<i>Bp. Porteus.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And, <i>besides</i>, the Moor<BR>
May unfold me to him; there stand I in much peril.</blockquote><BR>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That man that does not know those things which are of
necessity for him to know is but an ignorant man, whatever he may know
<i>besides</i>.</blockquote><BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p>See <u>Moreover</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Be*sides"</hw> (&?;), <hw>Be*side"</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. Same as <i>beside</i>, prep.; the ending <i>-
s</i> is an adverbial one, prop. a genitive sign.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>On one side.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>More than that; over and above; not included in
the number, or in what has been mentioned; moreover; in addition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The men said unto Lot, Hast thou here any <i>besides</i>
?<BR>
<i>Gen. xix. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To all <i>beside</i>, as much an empty shade,<BR>
An Eugene living, as a C&aelig;sar dead.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; These sentences may be considered as elliptical.</p>

<p><hw>Be*sides</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Over and above;
separate or distinct from; in addition to; other than; else than. See
<u>Beside</u>, <i>prep</i>., 3, and Syn. under <u>Beside</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Besides</i> your cheer, you shall have sport.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*siege"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Besieged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Besieging</u>.] [OE. <i>bisegen</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>segen</i> to
siege. See <u>Siege</u>.] <def>To beset or surround with armed forces, for
the purpose of compelling to surrender; to lay siege to; to beleaguer; to
beset.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till Paris was <i>besieged</i>, famished, and lost.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To environ; hem in; invest; encompass.</p>

<p><hw>Be*siege"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
besieging, or the state of being besieged.</def>  <i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*sie"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who besieges; -
- opposed to <i>the besieged</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*sie"ging</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That besieges;
laying siege to.</def> -- <wf>Be*sie"ging*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Be*sit"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>sit</i>.] <def>To suit; to fit; to become.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*slab"ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
beslobber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*slave"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enslave.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*slav"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Beslavered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beslavering</u>.] <def>To defile with slaver; to beslobber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*slime"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To daub with
slime; to soil.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*slob"ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To slobber on;
to smear with spittle running from the mouth. Also Fig.: as, to
<i>beslobber</i> with praise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*slub"ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
beslobber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*smear"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Besmeared</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Besmearing</u>.] <def>To smear with any viscous, glutinous matter; to
bedaub; to soil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Besmeared</i> with precious balm.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*smear"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
besmears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*smirch"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Besmirched</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Besmirching</u>.] <def>To smirch or soil; to discolor; to obscure.
Hence: To dishonor; to sully.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*smoke"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To foul with smoke.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To harden or dry in smoke.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*smut"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Besmutted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Besmutting</u>.] [Pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>smut</i>: cf. AS.
<i>besm&imacr;tan</i>, and also OE. <i>besmotren</i>.] <def>To blacken with
smut; to foul with soot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*snow"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Besnowed</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>bisnewen</i>, AS.
<i>besn&imacr;wan</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>sn&imacr;wan</i> to snow.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scatter like snow; to cover thick, as with snow
flakes.</def> [R.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with snow; to whiten with snow, or as
with snow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*snuff"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To befoul with
snuff.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*sogne"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bisogne</i>.]
<def>A worthless fellow; a bezonian.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be"som</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>besme</i>,
<i>besum</i>, AS. <i>besma</i>; akin to D. <i>bezem</i>, OHG <i>pesamo</i>,
G. <i>besen</i>; of uncertain origin.] <def>A brush of twigs for sweeping;
a broom; anything which sweeps away or destroys.</def> [Archaic or
Fig.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will sweep it with the <i>besom</i> of destruction.<BR>
<i>Isa. xiv. 23.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The housemaid with her <i>besom</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be"som</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Besomed</u> (&?;).] <def>To sweep, as with a besom.</def> [Archaic or
Poetic]  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rolls back all Greece, and <i>besoms</i> wide the plain.<BR>
<i>Barlow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be"som*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses a
besom.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Be*sort"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To assort or be
congruous with; to fit, or become.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such men as may <i>besort</i> your age.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*sort"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Befitting associates or
attendants.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With such accommodation and <i>besort</i><BR>
As levels with her breeding.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*sot"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Besotted</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Besotting</u>.] <def>To make sottish; to make dull or stupid; to
stupefy; to infatuate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fools <i>besotted</i> with their crimes.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*sot"ted</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made sottish, senseless,
or infatuated; characterized by drunken stupidity, or by infatuation;
stupefied.</def>   "<i>Besotted</i> devotion." <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> --
<wf>Be*sot"ted*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Be*sot"ted*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*sot"ting*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a besotting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*sought"</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Beseech</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*span"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bespangled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bespangling</u> (&?;).] <def>To adorn with spangles; to dot or sprinkle
with something brilliant or glittering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The grass . . . is all <i>bespangled</i> with dewdrops.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*spat"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bespattered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bespattering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To soil by spattering; to
sprinkle, esp. with dirty water, mud, or anything which will leave foul
spots or stains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To asperse with calumny or reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom never faction could <i>bespatter</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*spawl"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To daub, soil, or
make foul with spawl or spittle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*speak"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Bespoke</u> (&?;), <u>Bespake</u> (Archaic);
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bespoke</u>, <u>Bespoken</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bespeaking</u>.] [OE. <i>bispeken</i>, AS.
<i>besprecan</i>, to speak to, accuse; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>sprecan</i> to
speak. See <u>Speak</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To speak or arrange for
beforehand; to order or engage against a future time; as, to <i>bespeak</i>
goods, a right, or a favor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Concluding, naturally, that to gratify his avarice was to
<i>bespeak</i> his favor.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To show beforehand; to foretell; to
indicate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] <i>bespoke</i> dangers . . .  in order to scare the
allies.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To betoken; to show; to indicate by external
marks or appearances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the abbot of St. Martin was born, he had so little the
figure of a man that it <i>bespoke</i> him rather a monster.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To speak to; to address.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He thus the queen <i>bespoke</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*speak"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To speak.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*speak"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bespeaking. Among
actors, a benefit (when a particular play is bespoken.)</def> "The night of
her <i>bespeak</i>."  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*speak"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
bespeaks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*spec"kle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bespeckled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bespeckling</u>.] <def>To mark with speckles or spots.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*spew"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To soil or daub
with spew; to vomit on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*spice"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To season with
spice, or with some spicy drug.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*spirt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bespurt</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 140 !></p>

<p><hw>Be*spit</hw> (b&esl;*sp&ibreve;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Bespit</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bespit</u>, <u>Bespitten</u> (-t'n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bespitting</u>.] <def>To daub or soil with spittle.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*spoke"</hw> (b&esl;*sp&omacr;k"), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Bespeak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*spot"</hw> (b&esl;*sp&obreve;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bespotted</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bespotting</u>.] <def>To mark with spots, or as with
spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*spread"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bespread</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bespreading</u>.] <def>To spread or cover over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The carpet which <i>bespread</i><BR>
His rich pavilion's floor.<BR>
<i>Glover.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*sprent"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>bespreynt</i>, p. p. of <i>besprengen</i>, <i>bisprengen</i>, to
besprinkle, AS. <i>besprengan</i>, akin to D. &amp; G. <i>besprengen</i>; pref.
<i>be-</i> + <i>sprengan</i> to sprinkle. See <u>Sprinkle</u>.]
<def>Sprinkled over; strewed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His face <i>besprent</i> with liquid crystal shines.<BR>
<i>Shenstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The floor with tassels of fir was <i>besprent</i>.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*sprin"kle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Besprinkled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Besprinkling</u> (&?;).] <def>To sprinkle over; to scatter
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bed <i>besprinkles</i>, and bedews the ground.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*sprin"kler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, besprinkles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*sprin"kling</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
sprinkling anything; a sprinkling over.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*spurt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spurt on or
over; to asperse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bes"se*mer steel`</hw> (&?;). <def>Steel made directly from cast
iron, by burning out a portion of the carbon and other impurities that the
latter contains, through the agency of a blast of air which is forced
through the molten metal; -- so called from Sir Henry <i>Bessemer</i>, an
English engineer, the inventor of the process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Best</hw> (b&ebreve;st), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>; <i>superl</i>.
<i>of</i> Good. [AS. <i>besta</i>, <i>best</i>, contr. from <i>betest</i>,
<i>betst</i>, <i>betsta</i>; akin to Goth. <i>batists</i>, OHG.
<i>pezzisto</i>, G. <i>best</i>, <i>beste</i>, D. <i>best</i>, Icel.
<i>beztr</i>, Dan. <i>best</i>, Sw. <i>b&auml;st</i>. This word has no
connection in origin with <i>good</i>. See <u>Better</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having good qualities in the highest degree; most
good, kind, desirable, suitable, etc.; most excellent; as, the <i>best</i>
man; the <i>best</i> road; the <i>best</i> cloth; the <i>best</i>
abilities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he is <i>best</i>, he is a little worse than a man.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven's last, <i>best</i> gift, my ever new delight.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Most advanced; most correct or complete; as, the
<i>best</i> scholar; the <i>best</i> view of a subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Most; largest; as, the <i>best</i> part of a
week.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Best man</b></col>, <cd>the only or principal groomsman at a
wedding ceremony.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Best</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Utmost; highest endeavor or
state; most nearly perfect thing, or being, or action; as, to do one's
<i>best</i>; to the <i>best</i> of our ability.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At best</b></col>, <cd>in the utmost degree or extent applicable
to the case; under the most favorable circumstances; as, life is <i>at
best</i> very short.</cd> -- <col><b>For best</b></col>, <cd>finally.</cd>
[Obs.]  "Those constitutions . . . are now established <i>for best</i>, and
not to be mended." <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>To get the best of</b></col>,
<cd>to gain an advantage over, whether fairly or unfairly.</cd> --
<col><b>To make the best of</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To improve
to the utmost; to use or dispose of to the greatest advantage.</cd> "Let
there be freedom to carry their commodities where they can <i>make the best
of</i> them." <i>Bacon.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To reduce to the least
possible inconvenience; as, to <i>make the best of</i> ill fortune or a bad
bargain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Best</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>; <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of
<u>Well</u>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the highest degree; beyond all
others.</def> "Thou serpent! That name <i>best</i> befits thee."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He prayeth <i>best</i>, who loveth <i>best</i><BR>
All things both great and small.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To the most advantage; with the most success,
case, profit, benefit, or propriety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had we <i>best</i> retire? I see a storm.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Had I not <i>best</i> go to her?<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Most intimately; most thoroughly or correctly;
as, what is expedient is <i>best</i> known to himself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Best</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To get the better of.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*stad"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Bestead</u>. <def>Beset; put in peril.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*stain"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
stain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*star"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bestarred</u> (&?;).] <def>To sprinkle with, or as with,
stars; to decorate with, or as with, stars; to bestud.</def>
"<i>Bestarred</i> with anemones."  <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*stead"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bestead</u> or <u>Bested</u>, also (Obs.) <u>Bestad</u>. In
sense 3 <i>imp.</i> also <u>Besteaded</u>.] [Pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>stead</i> a place.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put in a certain
situation or condition; to circumstance; to place.</def> [Only in p.
p.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They shall pass through it, hardly <i>bestead</i> and
hungry: . . . and curse their king and their God.<BR>
<i>Is. viii. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Many far worse <i>bestead</i> than ourselves.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put in peril; to beset.</def> [Only in p. p.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To serve; to assist; to profit; to avail.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bes"tial</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>bestial</i>, L.
<i>bestialis</i>, fr. <i>bestia</i> beast. See <u>Beast</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to a beast, or to the class of
beasts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Among the <i>bestial</i> herds to range.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the qualities of a beast; brutal; below
the dignity of reason or humanity; irrational; carnal; beastly;
sensual.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Brutish; beastly; brutal; carnal; vile; low; depraved;
sensual; filthy.</p>

<p><hw>Bes"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A domestic animal; also
collectively, cattle; as, other kinds of <i>bestial</i>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Bes*tial"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>bestialit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of
being bestial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unnatural connection with a beast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bes"tial*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bestialized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bestializing</u>.] <def>To make bestial, or like a beast; to degrade; to
brutalize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The process of <i>bestializing</i> humanity.<BR>
<i>Hare.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bes"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a bestial
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*stick"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bestuck</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Besticking</u>.] <def>To stick over, as with sharp points pressed in; to
mark by infixing points or spots here and there; to pierce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Truth shall retire<BR>
<i>Bestuck</i> with slanderous darts.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*still"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
still.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*stir"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bestirred</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bestirring</u>.] <def>To put into brisk or vigorous action; to move with
life and vigor; -- usually with the reciprocal pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have so <i>bestirred</i> your valor.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Rouse and <i>bestir</i> themselves ere well awake.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*storm"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To
storm.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*stow"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bestowed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bestowing</u>.] [OE. <i>bestowen</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>stow</i> a
place. See <u>Stow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay up in store; to
deposit for safe keeping; to stow; to place; to put.</def> "He
<i>bestowed</i> it in a pouch."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>See that the women are <i>bestowed</i> in safety.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use; to apply; to devote, as time or strength
in some occupation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To expend, as money.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give or confer; to impart; -- with on or
upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Empire is on us <i>bestowed</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Though I <i>bestow</i> all my goods to feed the poor.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. xiii. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To give in marriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I could have <i>bestowed</i> her upon a fine gentleman.<BR>
<i>Tatler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To demean; to conduct; to behave; -- followed by
a reflexive pronoun.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How might we see Falstaff <i>bestow</i> himself to-night in
his true colors, and not ourselves be seen ?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To give; grant; present; confer; accord.</p>

<p><hw>Be*stow"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
bestowing; disposal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*stow"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
bestows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*stow"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of giving or bestowing; a conferring or bestowal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If we consider this <i>bestowment</i> of gifts in this
view.<BR>
<i>Chauncy.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is given or bestowed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They almost refuse to give due praise and credit to God's
own <i>bestowments</i>.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*strad"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
bestride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*straught"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>straught</i>; prob. here used for <i>distraught</i>.] <def>Out of one's
senses; distracted; mad.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*streak"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
streak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*strew"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Bestrewed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bestrewed</u>, <u>Bestrown</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bestrewing</u>.] <def>To strew or scatter over; to besprinkle. </def>
[Spelt also <i>bestrow</i>.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*stride"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Bestrode</u> (&?;), (Obs. or R.) <u>Bestrid</u>
(&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bestridden</u> (&?;), <u>Bestrid</u>,
<u>Bestrode</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bestriding</u>.] [AS.
<i>bestr&imacr;dan</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>str&imacr;dan</i> to stride.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stand or sit with anything between the legs, or
with the legs astride; to stand over</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That horse that thou so often hast <i>bestrid</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Why, man, he doth <i>bestride</i> the narrow world<BR>
Like a Colossus.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To step over; to stride over or across; as, to
<i>bestride</i> a threshold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*strode"</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Bestride</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*strown"</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Bestrew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*stuck"</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bestick</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*stud"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bestudded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bestudding</u>.] <def>To set or adorn, as with studs or bosses; to set
thickly; to stud; as, to <i>bestud</i> with stars.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*swike"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>besw&imacr;can</i>;
<i>be-</i> + <i>sw&imacr;can</i> to deceive, entice; akin to OS.
<i>sw&imacr;kan</i>, OHG. <i>sw&imacr;hhan</i>, Icel. <i>sv&imacr;kja</i>.]
<def>To lure; to cheat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bet</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from OE. <i>abet</i>
abetting, OF. <i>abet</i>, fr. <i>abeter</i> to excite, incite. See
<u>Abet</u>.] <def>That which is laid, staked, or pledged, as between two
parties, upon the event of a contest or any contingent issue; the act of
giving such a pledge; a wager.</def> "Having made his <i>bets</i>."
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bet</u>, <u>Betted</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Betting</u>.] <def>To stake or pledge upon the event of a contingent
issue; to wager.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>John a Gaunt loved him well, and <i>betted</i> much money on
his head.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>bet</i> you two to one I'll make him do it.<BR>
<i>O. W. Holmes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bet</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Beat</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bet</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>An early form of
<u>Better</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>To go bet</b></col>, <cd>to go fast; to hurry.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be"ta*ine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>beta</i>,
generic name of the beet.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous base,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>11</sub>NO<sub>2</sub>, produced artificially, and also
occurring naturally in beet-root molasses and its residues, from which it
is extracted as a white crystalline substance; -- called also <i>lycine</i>
and <i>oxyneurine</i>. It has a sweetish taste.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Be*take"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Betook</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Betaken</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Betaking</u>.] [Pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>take</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take or seize.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have recourse to; to apply; to resort; to go;
-- with a reflexive pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>betook</i> themselves to treaty and submission.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The rest, in imitation, to like arms<BR>
<i>Betook</i> them.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Whither shall I <i>betake</i> me, where subsist?<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To commend or intrust to; to commit to.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*taught"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [p. p. of OE.
<i>bitechen</i>, AS. <i>bet&?;can</i>, to assign, deliver. See
<u>Teach</u>.] <def>Delivered; committed in trust.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bete</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To better; to mend.
See <u>Beete</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*tee"la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>beatilha</i>.]
<def>An East India muslin, formerly used for cravats, veils, etc.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*teem"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>be-</i> + an
old verb <i>teem</i> to be fitting; cf. D. <i>betamen</i> to beseem, G.
<i>ziemen</i>, Goth. <i>gatiman</i>, and E. <i>tame</i>. See <u>Tame</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give ; to bestow; to
grant; to accord; to consent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser. Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To allow; to permit; to suffer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So loving to my mother,<BR>
That he might not <i>beteem</i> the winds of heaven<BR>
Visit her face too roughly.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be"tel</hw> (b&emacr;"t'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg., fr. Tamil
<i>ve&tsdot;&tsdot;ilei</i>, prop. meaning, a mere leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A species of pepper (<i>Piper betle</i>), the leaves of which are
chewed, with the areca or betel nut and a little shell lime, by the
inhabitants of the East Indies. It is a woody climber with ovate many-
nerved leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bet"el*guese</hw> (b&ebreve;t"&ebreve;l*j&emacr;z),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>B&eacute;telgeuse</i>, of Arabic origin.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A bright star of the first magnitude, near one
shoulder of Orion.</def> [Written also <i>Betelgeux</i> and
<i>Betelgeuse</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Be"tel nut`</hw> (&?;). <def>The nutlike seed of the areca palm,
chewed in the East with betel leaves (whence its name) and shell
lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>||B&ecirc;te" noire"</hw> (&?;). [Fr., lit. black beast.]
<def>Something especially hated or dreaded; a bugbear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beth*ab"a*ra wood`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A highly elastic
wood, used for fishing rods, etc. The tree is unknown, but it is thought to
be East Indian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beth"el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>b&?;th-el</i>
house of God.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place of worship; a hallowed
spot.</def>  <i>S. F. Adams.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A chapel for dissenters.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A house of worship for seamen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*think"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bethought</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bethinking</u>.] [AS. <i>be&thorn;encan</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>&thorn;encan</i> to think. See <u>Think</u>.] <def>To call to mind; to
recall or bring to recollection, reflection, or consideration; to think; to
consider; -- generally followed by a reflexive pronoun, often with
<i>of</i> or <i>that</i> before the subject of thought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>bethought</i> me of another fault.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The rest . . . may . . . <i>bethin</i>k themselves, and
recover.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>bethink</i> a means to break it off.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To recollect; remember; reflect.</p>

<p><hw>Be*think"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To think; to recollect;
to consider.</def> "<i>Bethink</i> ere thou dismiss us."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Beth"le*hem</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>b&emacr;th-
lekhem</i> house of food; <i>b&emacr;th</i> house + <i>lekhem</i> food,
<i>l&amacr;kham</i> to eat. Formerly the name of a hospital for the insane,
in London, which had been the priory of St. Mary of Bethlehem. Cf.
<u>Bedlam</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hospital for lunatics; --
corrupted into <i>bedlam</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>In the Ethiopic church, a small
building attached to a church edifice, in which the bread for the eucharist
is made.</def>  <i>Audsley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Beth"le*hem*ite</hw> (&?;), <hw>Beth"lem*ite</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant of Bethlehem in
Judea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An insane person; a madman; a
bedlamite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of an extinct English order of
monks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*thought"</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Bethink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*thrall"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reduce to
thralldom; to inthrall.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*thumb"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To handle; to
wear or soil by handling; as books.</def>  <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*thump"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bethumped</u> (&?;), or <u>Bethumpt</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bethumping</u>.] <def>To beat or thump soundly.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*tide"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Betided</u> (&?;), <pos><i>Obs</i></pos>. <u>Betid</u>
(&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Betiding</u>.] [OE.
<i>bitiden</i>; pref. <i>bi-</i>, <i>be-</i> + <i>tiden</i>, fr. AS.
<i>t&imacr;dan</i>, to happen, fr. <i>t&imacr;d</i> time. See <u>Tide</u>.]
<def>To happen to; to befall; to come to ; as, woe <i>betide</i> the
wanderer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What will <i>betide</i> the few ?<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*tide"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come to pass; to
happen; to occur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A salve for any sore that may <i>betide</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; Shakespeare has used it with <i>of</i>. "What would <i>betide
of</i> me ?"</p>

<p>{ <hw>Be*time"</hw> (&?;), <hw>Be*times"</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>be-</i> (for <i>by</i>) +  <i>time</i>;
that is, by the proper time. The <i>-s</i> is an adverbial ending.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In good season or time; before it is late;
seasonably; early.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To measure life learn thou <i>betimes</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To rise <i>betimes</i> is often harder than to do all the
day's work.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a short time; soon; speedily; forth
with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He tires <i>betimes</i> that spurs too fast betimes.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*ti"tle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with a
title or titles; to entitle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*to"ken</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Betokened</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Betokening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To signify by some visible
object; to show by signs or tokens.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dewy cloud, and in the cloud a bow . . . <BR>
<i>Betokening</i> peace from God, and covenant new.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To foreshow by present signs; to indicate
something future by that which is seen or known; as, a dark cloud often
<i>betokens</i> a storm.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To presage; portend; indicate; mark; note.</p>

<p><hw>||B&eacute;`ton"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>b&eacute;ton</i>, fr. L. <i>bitumen</i> bitumen.] <i>(Masonry)</i>
<def>The French name for concrete; hence, concrete made after the French
fashion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*tongue"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To attack with
the tongue; to abuse; to insult.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bet"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Betonies</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>betony</i>, <i>betany</i>, F.
<i>betoine</i>, fr. L. <i>betonica</i>, <i>vettonica</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant of the genus <i>Betonica</i> (Linn.).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The purple or wood betony (<i>B. officinalis</i>, Linn.) is
common in Europe, being formerly used in medicine, and (according to
Loudon) in dyeing wool a yellow color.</p>

<p><hw>Be*took"</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Betake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*torn"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Torn in pieces;
tattered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*toss</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Betossed</u> (&?;).] <def>To put in violent motion; to
agitate; to disturb; to toss.</def> "My <i>betossed</i> soul."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*trap"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Betrapped</u> (&?;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw into,
or catch in, a trap; to insnare; to circumvent.</def>  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put trappings on; to clothe; to
deck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After them followed two other chariots covered with red
satin, and the horses <i>betrapped</i> with the same.<BR>
<i>Stow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 141 !></p>

<p><hw>Be*tray"</hw> (b&esl;*tr&amacr;"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Betrayed</u> (-tr&amacr;d"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Betraying</u>.] [OE. <i>betraien</i>,
<i>bitraien</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> + OF. <i>tra&iuml;r</i> to betray, F.
<i>trahir</i>, fr. L. <i>tradere</i>. See <u>Traitor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deliver into the hands of an enemy by treachery
or fraud, in violation of trust; to give up treacherously or faithlessly;
as, an officer <i>betrayed</i> the city.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jesus said unto them, The Son of man shall be
<i>betrayed</i> into the hands of men.<BR>
<i>Matt. xvii. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prove faithless or treacherous to, as to a
trust or one who trusts; to be false to; to deceive; as, to <i>betray</i> a
person or a cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But when I rise, I shall find my legs <i>betraying</i>
me.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To violate the confidence of, by disclosing a
secret, or that which one is bound in honor not to make known.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Willing to serve or <i>betray</i> any government for
hire.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To disclose or discover, as something which
prudence would conceal; to reveal unintentionally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be swift to hear, but cautious of your tongue, lest you
<i>betray</i> your ignorance.<BR>
<i>T. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To mislead; to expose to inconvenience not
foreseen to lead into error or sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Genius . . . often <i>betrays</i> itself into great
errors.<BR>
<i>T. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To lead astray, as a maiden; to seduce (as under
promise of marriage) and then abandon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To show or to indicate; -- said of what is not
obvious at first, or would otherwise be concealed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the names in the country <i>betray</i> great
antiquity.<BR>
<i>Bryant.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*tray"al</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or the
result of betraying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*tray"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, betrays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*tray"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Betrayal.</def>
[R.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*trim"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Betrimmed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Betrimming</u>.] <def>To set in order; to adorn; to deck, to embellish;
to trim.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*troth"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Betrothed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Betrothing</u>.] [Pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>troth</i>, i. e., <i>truth</i>.
See <u>Truth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To contract to any one for a
marriage; to engage or promise in order to marriage; to affiance; -- used
esp. of a woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He, in the first flower of my freshest age,<BR>
<i>Betrothed</i> me unto the only heir.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Ay, and we are <i>betrothed</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To promise to take (as a future spouse); to
plight one's troth to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What man is there that hath <i>betrothed</i> a wife, and
hath not taken her?<BR>
<i>Deut. xx. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To nominate to a bishopric, in order to
consecration.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*troth"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
betrothing, or the fact of being betrothed; a mutual promise, engagement,
or contract for a future marriage between the persons betrothed;
betrothment; affiance.</def> "The feast of <i>betrothal</i>."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*troth"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
betrothing, or the state of being betrothed; betrothal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*trust"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To trust or
intrust.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*trust"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
intrusting, or the thing intrusted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chipman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bet"so</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>bezzo</i>.] <def>A
small brass Venetian coin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bet"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>; <i>compar</i>. of Good.
[OE. <i>betere</i>, <i>bettre</i>, and as adv. <i>bet</i>, AS.
<i>betera</i>, adj., and <i>bet</i>, adv.; akin to Icel. <i>betri</i>,
adj., <i>betr</i>, adv., Goth. <i>batiza</i>, adj., OHG. <i>bezziro</i>,
adj., <i>baz</i>, adv., G. <i>besser</i>, adj. and adv., <i>bass</i>, adv.,
E. <i>boot</i>, and prob. to Skr. <i>bhadra</i> excellent. See <u>Boot</u>
advantage, and cf. <u>Best</u>, <u>Batful</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having good qualities in a greater degree than another; as, a
<i>better</i> man; a <i>better</i> physician; a <i>better</i> house; a
<i>better</i> air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Could make the worse appear<BR>
The <i>better</i> reason.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Preferable in regard to rank, value, use,
fitness, acceptableness, safety, or in any other respect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To obey is <i>better</i> than sacrifice.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. xv. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>better</i> to trust in the Lord than to put
confidence in princes.<BR>
<i>Ps. cxviii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Greater in amount; larger; more.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Improved in health; less affected with disease;
as, the patient is <i>better</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>More advanced; more perfect; as, upon
<i>better</i> acquaintance; a <i>better</i> knowledge of the
subject.</def></p>

<p><col><b>All the better</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>All</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Better half</b></col>, <cd>an
expression used to designate one's wife.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>My dear, my <i>better</i> half (said he),<BR>
I find I must now leave thee.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p> -- <col><b>To be better off</b></col>, <cd>to be in a better
condition.</cd> -- <col><b>Had better</b></col>. <cd>(See under
<u>Had</u>).</cd> The phrase <i>had better</i>, followed by an infinitive
without <i>to</i>, is idiomatic. The earliest form of construction was
"were better" with a dative; as, "<i>Him were better</i> go beside."
(<i>Gower.</i>) <i>i. e.</i>, It would be better for him, etc. At length
the nominative (I, he, they, etc.) supplanted the dative and <i>had</i>
took the place of <i>were</i>. Thus we have the construction now used.</p>

<p><blockquote>By all that's holy, he <i>had better</i> starve<BR>
Than but once think this place becomes thee not.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i>
</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bet"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Advantage, superiority, or victory; -- usually with of; as, to get the
<i>better</i> of an enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has a claim to precedence; a superior,
as in merit, social standing, etc.; -- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>betters</i> would hardly be found.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>For the better</b></col>, <cd>in the way of improvement; so as
to produce improvement.</cd> "If I have altered him anywhere <i>for the
better</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bet"ter</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>; <pos><i>compar.</i></pos> of
<u>Well</u>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a superior or more excellent
manner; with more skill and wisdom, courage, virtue, advantage, or success;
as, Henry writes <i>better</i> than John; veterans fight <i>better</i> than
recruits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I could have <i>better</i> spared a better man.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>More correctly or thoroughly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>better</i> to understand the extent of our
knowledge.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a higher or greater degree; more; as, to love
one <i>better</i> than another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never was monarch <i>better</i> feared, and loved.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>More, in reference to value, distance, time,
etc.; as, ten miles and <i>better</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To think better of</b></col> (any one), <cd>to have a more
favorable opinion of any one.</cd> -- <col><b>To think better of</b></col>
(an opinion, resolution, etc.), <cd>to reconsider and alter one's
decision.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bet"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bettered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bettering</u>.] [AS. <i>beterian</i>, <i>betrian</i>, fr. <i>betera</i>
better. See <u>Better</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
improve or ameliorate; to increase the good qualities of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love <i>betters</i> what is best.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He thought to <i>better</i> his circumstances.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To improve the condition of, morally,
physically, financially, socially, or otherwise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The constant effort of every man to <i>better</i>
himself.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To surpass in excellence; to exceed; to
excel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The works of nature do always aim at that which can not be
<i>bettered</i>.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give advantage to; to support; to advance the
interest of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Weapons more violent, when next we meet,<BR>
May serve to <i>better</i> us and worse our foes.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To improve; meliorate; ameliorate; mend; amend; correct;
emend; reform; advance; promote.</p>

<p><hw>Bet"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become better; to
improve.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bet"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who bets or lays a
wager.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bet"ter*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A making better; amendment; improvement.</def>  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An improvement of an estate which
renders it better than mere repairing would do; -- generally used in the
plural.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bet"ter*most`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Best.</def> [R.]
"The <i>bettermost</i> classes."  <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bet"ter*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality of being better or superior; superiority.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The difference by which fine gold or silver
exceeds in fineness the standard.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bet"tong</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, leaping Australian marsupial of the genus
<i>Bettongia</i>; the jerboa kangaroo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bet"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who bets; a
better.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bet"ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [Supposed
to be a cant word, from <i>Betty</i>, for <i>Elizabeth</i>, as such an
instrument is also called <i>Bess</i> (i. e., <i>Elizabeth</i>) in the
Canting Dictionary of 1725, and <i>Jenny</i> (i. e., <i>Jane</i>).] <def>A
short bar used by thieves to wrench doors open.</def> [Written also
<i>bettee</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The powerful <i>betty</i>, or the artful picklock.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [<i>Betty</i>, nickname for Elizabeth.] <def>A name
of contempt given to a man who interferes with the duties of women in a
household, or who occupies himself with womanish matters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pear-shaped bottle covered round with straw,
in which olive oil is sometimes brought from Italy; -- called by chemists a
<i>Florence flask</i>.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bet"u*lin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>betula</i> birch
tree.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance of a resinous nature, obtained from
the outer bark of the common European birch (<i>Betula alba</i>), or from
the tar prepared therefrom; -- called also <i>birch camphor</i>.</def>
<i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*tum"ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Betumbled</u> (&?;).] <def>To throw into disorder; to
tumble.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From her <i>betumbled</i> couch she starteth.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*tu"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Betutored</u> (&?;).] <def>To tutor; to instruct.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*tween"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bytwene</i>,
<i>bitweonen</i>, AS. <i>betwe&oacute;nan</i>, <i>betwe&oacute;num</i>;
prefix <i>be-</i> by + a form fr. AS. <i>tw&amacr;</i> two, akin to Goth.
<i>tweihnai</i> two apiece. See <u>Twain</u>, and cf. <u>Atween</u>,
<u>Betwixt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the space which separates;
betwixt; as, New York is <i>between</i> Boston and Philadelphia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Used in expressing motion from one body or place
to another; from one to another of two.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If things should go so <i>between</i> them.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Belonging in common to two; shared by
both.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Castor and Pollux with only one soul <i>between</i>
them.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to, or participated in by, two, and
involving reciprocal action or affecting their mutual relation; as,
opposition <i>between</i> science and religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An intestine struggle, open or secret, <i>between</i>
authority and liberty.<BR>
<i>Hume.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>With relation to two, as involved in an act or
attribute of which another is the agent or subject; as, to judge
<i>between</i> or to choose <i>between</i> courses; to distinguish
<i>between</i> you and me; to mediate <i>between</i> nations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In intermediate relation to, in respect to time,
quantity, or degree; as, <i>between</i> nine and ten o'clock.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Between decks</b></col>, <cd>the space, or in the space, between
the decks of a vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Between ourselves</b></col>,
<col><b>Between you and me</b></col>, <col><b>Between themselves</b></col>,
<cd>in confidence; with the understanding that the matter is not to be
communicated to others.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Between</u>, <u>Among</u>.  <i>Between</i>
etymologically indicates only two; as, a quarrel <i>between</i> two men or
two nations; to be <i>between</i> two fires, etc. It is however extended to
more than two in expressing a certain relation.</p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . hope that <i>between</i> public business, improving
studies, and domestic pleasures, neither melancholy nor caprice will find
any place for entrance.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>  <i>Among</i> implies a mass or collection of things or persons, and
always supposes more than two; as, the prize money was equally divided
<i>among</i> the ship's crew.
</p>

<p><hw>Be*tween"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Intermediate time or
space; interval.</def> [Poetic &amp; R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*twixt"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>betwix</i>,
<i>bitwix</i>, rarely <i>bitwixt</i>, AS. <i>betweox</i>, <i>betweohs</i>,
<i>betweoh</i>, <i>betw&imacr;h</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> by + a form fr. AS.
<i>tw&amacr;</i> two. See <u>Between</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the
space which separates; between.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>betwixt</i> two aged oaks.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>From one to another of; mutually
affecting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was some speech of marriage<BR>
<i>Betwixt</i> myself and her.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Betwixt and between</b></col>, <cd>in a midway position; so-so;
neither one thing nor the other.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Beur*r&eacute;"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>beurre</i> butter.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A beurr&eacute; (or buttery)
pear, one with the meat soft and melting; -- used with a distinguishing
word; as, <i>Beurr&eacute;</i> d'Anjou; <i>Beurr&eacute;</i>
Clairgeau.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bev"el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [C. F. <i>biveau</i>,
earlier <i>buveau</i>, Sp. <i>baivel</i>; of unknown origin. Cf.
<u>Bevile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any angle other than a right angle;
the angle which one surface makes with another when they are not at right
angles; the slant or inclination of such surface; as, to give a
<i>bevel</i> to the edge of a table or a stone slab; the <i>bevel</i> of a
piece of timber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument consisting of two rules or arms,
jointed together at one end, and opening to any angle, for adjusting the
surfaces of work to the same or a given inclination; -- called also a
<i>bevel square</i>.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bev"el</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the
slant of a bevel; slanting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Morally distorted; not upright.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I may be straight, though they themselves be
<i>bevel</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>A bevel angle</b></col>, <cd>any angle other than one of
90&deg;.</cd> -- <col><b>Bevel wheel</b></col>, <cd>a cogwheel whose
working face is oblique to the axis.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Bev"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Beveled</u> (&?;) or <u>Bevelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beveling</u> or <u>Bevelling</u>.] <def>To cut to a bevel angle; to
slope the edge or surface of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bev"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To deviate or incline from
an angle of 90&deg;, as a surface; to slant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their houses are very ill built, the walls <i>bevel</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bev"eled</hw>, <hw>Bev"elled</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formed to a bevel angle; sloping; as, the
<i>beveled</i> edge of a table.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Replaced by two planes inclining
equally upon the adjacent planes, as an edge; having its edges replaced by
sloping planes, as a cube or other solid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bev"el gear`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A kind of gear in which
the two wheels working together lie in different planes, and have their
teeth cut at right angles to the surfaces of two cones whose apices
coincide with the point where the axes of the wheels would meet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bev"el*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The
replacement of an edge by two similar planes, equally inclined to the
including faces or adjacent planes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be"ver</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bever</i> a drink,
drinking time, OF. <i>beivre</i>, <i>boivre</i>, to drink, fr. L.
<i>bibere</i>.] <def>A light repast between meals; a lunch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be"ver</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bevered</u> (&?;).] <def>To take a light repast between meals.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bev"er*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bevrage</i>, F.
<i>breuvage</i>, fr. <i>beivre</i> to drink, fr. L. <i>bibere</i>. Cf.
<u>Bib</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Poison</u>, <u>Potable</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Liquid for drinking; drink; -- usually applied to
drink artificially prepared and of an agreeable flavor; as, an intoxicating
<i>beverage</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He knew no <i>beverage</i> but the flowing stream.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a name applied to various kinds of
drink.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A treat, or drink money.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Bev"ile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bevel</u>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A chief broken or opening like a carpenter's
bevel.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bev"iled</hw>, <hw>Bev"illed</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Notched with an angle like that inclosed by a
carpenter's bevel; -- said of a partition line of a shield.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bev"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bevies</b></plw> (&?;). [Perhaps orig. a drinking company, fr. OF.
<i>bev&eacute;e</i> (cf. It. <i>beva</i>) a drink, beverage; then, perh., a
company in general, esp. of ladies; and last applied by sportsmen to larks,
quails, etc. See <u>Beverage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A company; an
assembly or collection of persons, especially of ladies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What a <i>bevy</i> of beaten slaves have we here !<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flock of birds, especially quails or larks;
also, a herd of roes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*wail"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bewailed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bewailing</u>.] <def>To express deep sorrow for, as by wailing; to
lament; to wail over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath widowed and unchilded many a one,<BR>
Which to this hour <i>bewail</i> the injury.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To bemoan; grieve. -- See <u>Deplore</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Be*wail"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To express grief; to
lament.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*wail"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as may, or
ought to, be bewailed; lamentable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*wail"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who bewails or
laments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*wail"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wailing over;
lamenting.</def> -- <wf>Be*wail"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Be*wail"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
bewailing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*wake"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To keep watch
over; to keep awake.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*ware"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<i>Be</i>, imperative
of verb to be + <i>ware</i>. See <u>Ware</u>, <u>Wary</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be on one's guard; to be cautious; to take care;
-- commonly followed by <i>of</i> or <i>lest</i> before the thing that is
to be avoided.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Beware</i> of all, but most <i>beware</i> of man !<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Beware</i> the awful avalanche.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a special regard; to heed.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, I send an Angel before thee. . . . <i>Beware</i> of
him, and obey his voice.<BR>
<i>Ex. xxiii. 20, 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; This word is a compound from <i>be</i> and the Old English
<i>ware</i>, now <i>wary</i>, which is an adjective.  "<i>Be</i> ye
<i>war</i> of false prophetis." <i>Wyclif, Matt. vii. 15.</i>  It is used
commonly in the imperative and infinitive modes, and with such auxiliaries
(<i>shall</i>, <i>should</i>, <i>must</i>, etc.) as go with the
infinitive.</p>

<p><! p. 142 !></p>

<p><hw>Be*ware"</hw> (b&esl;*w&acirc;r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
avoid; to take care of; to have a care for.</def> [Obs.]  "Priest,
<i>beware</i> your beard."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To wish them <i>beware</i> the son.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*wash"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drench or souse
with water.</def>  "Let the maids <i>bewash</i> the men."
<i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*weep"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bewept</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Beweeping</u>.] [AS. <i>bew&?;pan</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>weep</i>.]
<def>To weep over; to deplore; to bedew with tears.</def> "His timeless
death <i>beweeping</i>."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*weep"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To weep.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*wet"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bewet</u>, <u>Bewetted</u>.] <def>To wet or moisten.</def>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*whore"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To corrupt with regard to chastity; to make a whore of.</def>  <i>J.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pronounce or characterize as a whore.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*wig"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bewigged</u> (&?;).] <def>To cover (the head) with a
wig.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*wil"der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bewildered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bewildering</u>.] [Pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>wilder</i>.] <def>To lead into
perplexity or confusion, as for want of a plain path; to perplex with
mazes; or in general, to perplex or confuse greatly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lost and <i>bewildered</i> in the fruitless search.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To perplex; puzzle; entangle; confuse; confound; mystify;
embarrass; lead astray.</p>

<p><hw>Be*wil"dered</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Greatly
perplexed; as, a <i>bewildered</i> mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*wil"dered*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being bewildered; bewilderment.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*wil"der*ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
bewilderment or great perplexity; as, <i>bewildering</i>
difficulties.</def> -- <wf>Be*wil"der*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Be*wil"der*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being bewildered.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bewildering tangle or confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . soon lost all traces of it amid <i>bewilderment</i>
of tree trunks and underbrush.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*win"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
wintry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bew"it</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>buie</i> bond,
chain, fr. L. <i>boja</i> neck collar, fetter. Cf. <u>Buoy</u>.] <def>A
double slip of leather by which bells are fastened to a hawk's
legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*witch"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bewitched</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bewitching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To gain an ascendency over by
charms or incantations; to affect (esp. to injure) by witchcraft or
sorcery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See how I am <i>bewitched</i>; behold, mine arm<BR>
Is like a blasted sapling withered up.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To charm; to fascinate; to please to such a
degree as to take away the power of resistance; to enchant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The charms of poetry our souls <i>bewitch</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To enchant; captivate; charm; entrance.</p>

<p><hw>Be*witch"ed*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being bewitched.</def>  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*witch"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
bewitches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*witch"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The power of
bewitching or fascinating; bewitchment; charm; fascination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a certain <i>bewitchery</i> or fascination in
words.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*witch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power to bewitch
or fascinate; enchanting; captivating; charming.</def> --
<wf>Be*witch"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- Be*witch"ing*ness,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Be*witch"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of bewitching, or the state of being bewitched.</def>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power of bewitching or charming.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*won"der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bewondered</u> (&?;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fill with
wonder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wonder at; to admire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*wrap"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bewrapped</u> (&?;).] <def>To wrap up; to cover.</def>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*wray"</hw> (b&esl;*r&amacr;"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
soil. See <u>Beray</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*wray"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bewrayed</u> (-r&amacr;d"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Bewraying</u>.] [OE. <i>bewraien</i>, <i>biwreyen</i>;
pref. <i>be-</i> + AS. <i>wr&emacr;gan</i> to accuse, betray; akin to OS.
<i>wr&omacr;gian</i>, OHG. <i>ruog&emacr;n</i>, G. <i>r&uuml;gen</i>, Icel.
<i>r&aelig;gja</i>, Goth. <i>wr&omacr;hjan</i> to accuse.] <def>To expose;
to reveal; to disclose; to betray.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The murder being once done, he is in less fear, and in more
hope that the deed shall not be <i>bewrayed</i> or known.<BR>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia. )</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy speech <i>bewrayeth</i> thee.<BR>
<i>Matt. xxvi. 73.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*wray"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, bewrays; a revealer.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*wray"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Betrayal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*wreck"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wreck.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*wreke"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>wreak</i>.] <def>To wreak; to avenge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ld.
Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be*wrought"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>wrought</i>, p. p. of <i>work</i>, v. t. ] <def>Embroidered.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bey</hw> (b&amacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Beg</u> a bey.]
<def>A governor of a province or district in the Turkish dominions; also,
in some places, a prince or nobleman; a beg; as, the <i>bey</i> of
Tunis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bey"lic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.] <def>The territory
ruled by a bey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*yond"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>biyonde</i>,
<i>bi&yogh;eonde</i>, AS. <i>begeondan</i>, prep. and adv.; pref. <i>be-
</i> + <i>geond</i> yond, yonder. See <u>Yon</u>, <u>Yonder</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On the further side of; in the same direction as,
and further on or away than.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Beyond</i> that flaming hill.<BR>
<i>G. Fletcher.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At a place or time not yet reached;
before.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thing <i>beyond</i> us, even before our death.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Past, out of the reach or sphere of; further
than; greater than; as, the patient was <i>beyond</i> medical aid;
<i>beyond</i> one's strength.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In a degree or amount exceeding or surpassing;
proceeding to a greater degree than; above, as in dignity, excellence, or
quality of any kind.</def> "<i>Beyond</i> expectation."  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Beyond</i> any of the great men of my country.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Beyond sea</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Sea</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To go beyond</b></col>, <cd>to exceed in
ingenuity, in research, or in anything else; hence, in a bed sense, to
deceive or circumvent.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>That no man go <i>beyond</i> and defraud his brother in any
matter.<BR>
<i>1 Thess. iv. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*yond"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Further away; at a
distance; yonder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lo, where <i>beyond</i> he lyeth languishing.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Be*zant"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Byzant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gold coin of Byzantium or Constantinople, varying
in weight and value, usually (those current in England) between a sovereign
and a half sovereign. There were also white or silver bezants.</def>
[Written also <i>besant</i>, <i>byzant</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A circle in <i>or</i>, i. e.,
gold, representing the gold coin called <i>bezant</i>.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A decoration of a flat surface, as of a band or
belt, representing circular disks lapping one upon another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bez`-ant"ler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice
(OF. <i>bes</i>) + E. <i>antler</i>.] <def>The second branch of a stag's
horn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bez"el</hw> (b&ebreve;z"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From an
old form of F. <i>biseau</i> sloping edge, prob. fr. L. <i>bis</i> double.
See <u>Bi-</u>.] <def>The rim which encompasses and fastens a jewel or
other object, as the crystal of a watch, in the cavity in which it is
set.</def></p>

<p><hw>B&eacute;*zique"</hw> (b&asl;*z&emacr;k"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>b&eacute;sigue</i>.] <def>A game at cards in which various combinations
of cards in the hand, when declared, score points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be"zoar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>b&eacute;zoard</i>,
fr. Ar. <i>b&amacr;zahr</i>, <i>b&amacr;dizahr</i>, fr. Per. <i>p&amacr;d-
zahr</i> bezoar; <i>p&amacr;d</i> protecting + <i>zahr</i> poison; cf. Pg.
& Sp. <i>bezoar</i>.] <def>A calculous concretion found in the intestines
of certain ruminant animals (as the wild goat, the gazelle, and the
Peruvian llama) formerly regarded as an unfailing antidote for poison, and
a certain remedy for eruptive, pestilential, or putrid diseases. Hence: Any
antidote or panacea.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Two kinds were particularly esteemed, the <i>Bezoar orientale</i>
of India, and the <i>Bezoar occidentale</i> of Peru.</p>

<p><col><b>Bezoar antelope</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Antelope</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bezoar goat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the wild goat
(<i>Capra &aelig;gagrus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Bezoar mineral</b></col>,
<cd>an old preparation of oxide of antimony.</cd>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bez`o*ar"dic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>b&eacute;zoardique</i>, <i>b&eacute;zoartique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to,
or compounded with, bezoar.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A medicine
containing bezoar.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bez`o*ar"tic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bez`o*ar"tic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Bezoardic</u>.] <def>Having the qualities of
an antidote, or of bezoar; healing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Be*zo"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>besoin</i>
need, want, It <i>bisogno</i>.] <def>A low fellow or scoundrel; a
beggar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great men oft die by vile <i>bezonians</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bez"zle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bezzled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bezzling</u> (&?;).] [OF. <i>besillier</i>, <i>besiler</i>, to maltreat,
pillage; or shortened fr. <i>embezzle</i>. Cf. <u>Embezzle</u>.] <def>To
plunder; to waste in riot.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bez"zle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drink to excess; to
revel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bhang</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>bang</i>; cf. Skr.
<i>bhang&amacr;</i> hemp.] <def>An astringent and narcotic drug made from
the dried leaves and seed capsules of wild hemp (<i>Cannabis Indica</i>),
and chewed or smoked in the East as a means of intoxication. See
<u>Hasheesh</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bhun"der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An Indian monkey (<i>Macacus Rhesus</i>),
protected by the Hindoos as sacred. See <u>Rhesus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi-</hw> (&?;). [L. <i>bis</i> twice, which in composition drops the
-s, akin to E. <i>two</i>. See <u>Bis-</u>, <u>Two</u>, and cf. <u>Di-</u>,
<u>Dis-</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In most branches of science <i>bi-</i> in
composition denotes two, twice, or doubly; as, <i>bi</i>dentate, two-
toothed; <i>bi</i>ternate, doubly ternate, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>In the composition of chemical
names <i>bi-</i> denotes two atoms, parts, or equivalents of that
constituent to the name of which it is prefixed, to one of the other
component, or that such constituent is present in double the ordinary
proportion; as, <i>bi</i>chromate, <i>bi</i>sulphide. <i>Be-</i> and <i>di-
</i> are often used interchangeably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*ac"id</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>acid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having two hydrogen atoms which can be
replaced by negative atoms or radicals to form salts; -- said of bases. See
<u>Diacid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`a*cu"mi*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>acuminate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having points in two
directions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*an"gu*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>angular</i>.] <def>Having two angles or corners.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*an"gu*late</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*an"gu*la`ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>angulate</i>,
<i>angulated</i>.] <def>Biangular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*an"gu*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>angulous</i>.] <def>Biangular.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bi*an`ther*if"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-
</i> + <i>antherigerous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two
anthers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`ar*tic"u*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i>
+ <i>articulate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having, or consisting of,
tow joints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"as</hw> (b&imacr;"<i>a</i>s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Biases</b></plw> (-&ebreve;z). [F. <i>biasis</i>, perh. fr. LL.
<i>bifax</i> two-faced; L. <i>bis</i> + <i>facies</i> face. See <u>Bi-</u>,
and cf. <u>Face</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A weight on the side of the
ball used in the game of bowls, or a tendency imparted to the ball, which
turns it from a straight line.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being ignorant that there is a concealed <i>bias</i> within
the spheroid, which will . . . swerve away.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A leaning of the mind; propensity or
prepossession toward an object or view, not leaving the mind indifferent;
bent; inclination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strong love is a <i>bias</i> upon the thoughts.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Morality influences men's lives, and gives a <i>bias</i> to
all their actions.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wedge-shaped piece of cloth taken out of a
garment (as the waist of a dress) to diminish its circumference.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A slant; a diagonal; as, to cut cloth on the
<i>bias</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prepossession; prejudice; partiality; inclination. See
<u>Bent</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bi"as</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to
one side; swelled on one side.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cut slanting or diagonally, as cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"as</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a slanting manner;
crosswise; obliquely; diagonally; as, to cut cloth <i>bias</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"as</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Biased</u> (b&imacr;"<i>a</i>st); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Biasing</u>.] <def>To incline to one side; to give a particular
direction to; to influence; to prejudice; to prepossess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Me it had not <i>biased</i> in the one direction, nor should
it have <i>biased</i> any just critic in the counter direction.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bi`au*ric"u*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i>
+ <i>auriculate</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having two
auricles, as the heart of mammals, birds, and reptiles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having two earlike
projections at its base, as a leaf.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*ax"al</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*ax"i*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>axal</i>, <i>axial</i>.]
<i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Having two axes; as, <i>biaxial</i> polarization.</def>
<i>Brewster.</i> -- <wf>Bi*ax"i*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bib</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Bib</u>, v., because
the <i>bib</i> receives the drink that the child slavers from the mouth.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of cloth worn by children over the
breast, to protect the clothes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An arctic fish (<i>Gadus
luscus</i>), allied to the cod; -- called also <i>pout</i> and <i>whiting
pout</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bibcock.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bib</hw>, <hw>Bibbe</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>bibere</i>. See <u>Beverage</u>, and cf. <u>Imbibe</u>.] <def>To drink;
to tipple.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This miller hath . . . <i>bibbed</i> ale.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bib</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drink; to sip; to
tipple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was constantly <i>bibbing</i>.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bi*ba"cious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bibax</i>,
<i>bibacis</i>, fr. <i>bibere</i>. See <u>Bib</u>.] <def>Addicted to
drinking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*bac"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice or
habit of drinking too much; tippling.</def>  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*ba"sic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>basic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having to hydrogen atoms which can be
replaced by positive or basic atoms or radicals to form salts; -- said of
acids. See <u>Dibasic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bibb</hw> (b&ibreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bibcock. See
<u>Bib</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib"ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One given to drinking
alcoholic beverages too freely; a tippler; -- chiefly used in composition;
as, wine<i>bibber</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib"ble-bab"ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A reduplication of
<i>babble</i>.] <def>Idle talk; babble.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bibbs</hw> (b&ibreve;bz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Pieces of timber bolted to certain parts of a mast to support the
trestletrees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib"cock`</hw> (b&ibreve;b"k&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cock or faucet having a bent down nozzle.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*bi"rine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Bebeerine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib"i*to*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to drinking or tippling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"ble</hw> (b&imacr;"b'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bible</i>,
L. <i>biblia</i>, pl., fr. Gr. <grk>bibli`a</grk>, pl. of
<grk>bibli`on</grk>, dim. of <grk>bi`blos</grk>, <grk>by`blos</grk>, book,
prop. Egyptian papyrus.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A book.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def><u>The Book</u> by way of eminence, -- that is,
the book which is made up of the writings accepted by Christians as of
divine origin and authority, whether such writings be in the original
language, or translated; the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments; --
sometimes in a restricted sense, the Old Testament; as, King James's
<i>Bible</i>; Douay <i>Bible</i>; Luther's <i>Bible</i>. Also, the book
which is made up of writings similarly accepted by the Jews; as, a
rabbinical <i>Bible</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A book containing the sacred writings belonging
to any religion; as, the Koran is often called the Mohammedan
<i>Bible</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bible Society</b></col>, <cd>an association for securing the
multiplication and wide distribution of the Bible.</cd> -- <col><b>Douay
Bible</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Douay Bible</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Geneva
Bible</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Geneva</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bib"ler</hw> (b&ibreve;b"l&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Bib</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A great drinker; a tippler.</def>
[Written also <i>bibbler</i> and <i>bibbeler</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bib"li*cal</hw> (b&ibreve;b"l&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from, the Bible; as,
<i>biblical</i> learning; <i>biblical</i> authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*cal"i*ty</hw> (-k&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being biblical; a biblical
subject.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bib"li*cal*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According to
the Bible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib"li*cism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>biblicisme</i>.] <def>Learning or literature relating to the
Bible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bib"li*cist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in the
knowledge of the Bible; a demonstrator of religious truth by the
Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib"li*o*graph`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Bibliographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*og"ra*pher</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>,
fr. <i>&?;</i> book + <i>&?;</i> to write : cf. F. <i>bibliographe</i>.]
<def>One who writes, or is versed in, bibliography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bib`li*o*graph"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bib`li*o*graph"ic*al</hw> (&?;),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>bibliographique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to
bibliography, or the history of books.</def> --
<wf>Bib`li*o*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*og"ra*phy</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bibliographies</b></plw> (&?;). [Gr. <i>&?;</i>: cf. F.
<i>bibliographie</i>.] <def>A history or description of books and
manuscripts, with notices of the different editions, the times when they
were printed, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bib`li*ol"a*ter</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bib`li*ol"a*trist</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See. <u>Bibliolatry</u>.] <def>A worshiper of books;
especially, a worshiper of the Bible; a believer in its verbal
inspiration.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*ol"a*try</hw> (-tr&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>bibli`on</grk> book + <grk>latrei`a</grk> service, worship,
<grk>latrey`ein</grk> to serve.] <def>Book worship, esp. of the Bible; --
applied by Roman Catholic divines to the exaltation of the authority of the
Bible over that of the pope or the church, and by Protestants to an
excessive regard to the letter of the Scriptures.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i>
<i>F. W. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*o*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
bibliology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> book
+ <i>-logy</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An account of books; book lore;
bibliography.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The literature or doctrine of the
Bible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib"li*o*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>
book + <i>-mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>bibliomancie</i>.] <def>A kind of
divination, performed by selecting passages of Scripture at hazard, and
drawing from them indications concerning future events.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*o*ma"ni*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>
book + <i>&?;</i> madness: cf. F. <i>bibliomanie</i>.] <def>A mania for
acquiring books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*o*ma"ni*ac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has
a mania for books.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Relating to a
bibliomaniac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*o*ma*ni"ac*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to a passion for books; relating to a
bibliomaniac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*o*peg"ic</hw> (-p&ebreve;j"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>bibli`on</grk> book + <grk>phgny`nai</grk>to make fast.]
<def>Relating to the binding of books.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 143 !></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*op"e*gist</hw>
(b&ibreve;b`l&ibreve;*&obreve;p"&esl;*j&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A bookbinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*op`e*gis"tic</hw> (-&obreve;p`&esl;*j&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the art of binding books.</def>
[R.]  <i>Dibdin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*op"e*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Bibliopegic</u>.] <def>The art of binding books.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bib"li*o*phile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> book
+ <i>&?;</i> to love: cf. F. <i>bibliophile</i>.] <def>A lover of
books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*oph"i*lism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Love of
books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*oph"i*list</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lover of
books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*o*pho"bi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>
book + <i>&?;</i> to fear.] <def>A dread of books.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bib"li*o*pole</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>bibliopola</i>, Gr. <i>&?;</i>; <i>&?;</i> book + <i>&?;</i> to sell:
cf. F. <i>bibliopole</i>.] <def>One who sells books.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bib`li*o*pol"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bib`li*op"o*lar</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Bibliopole</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
sale of books.</def> "<i>Bibliopolic</i> difficulties."
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*op"o*lism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The trade or
business of selling books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*op"o*list</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bibliopole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*op`o*lis"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to bibliopolism.</def>  <i>Dibdin.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bib"li*o*taph</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bib`li*ot"a*phist</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> book + <i>&?;</i> a burial.] <def>One
who hides away books, as in a tomb.</def> [R.]  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bib"li*o*thec</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
librarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bib`li*o*the"ca</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Bibliotheke</u>.] <def>A library.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*o*the"cal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>bibliothecalis</i>. See <u>Bibliotheke</u>.] <def>Belonging to a
library.</def>  <i>Byrom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bib`li*oth"e*ca*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>bibliothecarius</i>: cf. F. <i>biblioth&eacute;caire</i>.] <def>A
librarian.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bib"li*o*theke</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>bibliotheca</i>, Gr. <i>&?;</i>; <i>&?;</i> book + <i>&?;</i> a case,
box, fr. <i>&?;</i> to place: cf. F. <i>biblioth&egrave;que</i>.] <def>A
library.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bib"list</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>bibliste</i>.
See <u>Bible</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who makes the Bible the sole
rule of faith.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A biblical scholar; a biblicist.</def>  <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*brac"te*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>bracteate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Furnished with, or having, two
bracts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib"u*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bibulus</i>, fr.
<i>bibere</i> to drink. See <u>Bib</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Readily imbibing fluids or moisture; spongy; as,
<i>bibulous</i> blotting paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to drink; addicted to
tippling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bib"u*lous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a bibulous
manner; with profuse imbibition or absorption.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cal"ca*rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>calcarate</i>.] <def>Having two spurs, as the wing or leg of a
bird.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*cal"lose</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*cal"lous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>callose</i>, <i>callous</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two callosities or hard spots.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cam"er*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>camera</i>.] <def>Consisting of, or including, two chambers, or
legislative branches.</def>  <i>Bentham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cap"su*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>capsular</i>: cf. F. <i>bicapsulaire</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two
capsules; as, a <i>bicapsular</i> pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*car"bon*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>carbonate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A carbonate in which but half the
hydrogen of the acid is replaced by a positive element or radical, thus
making the proportion of the acid to the positive or basic portion twice
what it is in the normal carbonates; an acid carbonate; -- sometimes called
<i>supercarbonate</i>.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Bi*car"bu*ret`ed</hw> or <hw>-ret`ted</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>carbureted</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Containing two atoms or equivalents of carbon in the molecule.</def>
[Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bi*car"i*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>carinate</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having two keel-like projections, as
the upper palea of grasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cau"dal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>caudal</i>.] <def>Having, or terminating in, two tails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cau"date</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>caudate</i>.] <def>Two-tailed; bicaudal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bic"ched</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Of unknown origin.]
<def>Pecked; pitted; notched.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bicched bones</b></col>, <cd>pecked, or notched, bones;
dice.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bice</hw>, <hw>Bise</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>bis</i>, akin to It. <i>bigio</i> light gray, tawny.] <i>(Paint.)</i>
<def>A pale blue pigment, prepared from the native blue carbonate of
copper, or from smalt; -- called also <i>blue bice</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Green bice</b></col> <cd>is prepared from the blue, by adding
yellow orpiment, or by grinding down the green carbonate of copper.</cd>
<i>Cooley.</i>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Bi*cen"te*na*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>centenary</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to two hundred, esp. to two
hundred years; as, a <i>bicentenary</i> celebration.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>The two hundredth anniversary, or its
celebration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`cen*ten"ni*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>centennial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of two hundred
years.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Occurring every two hundred years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`cen*ten"ni*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The two hundredth
year or anniversary, or its celebration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*ceph"a*lous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>cephalous</i>: cf. F. <i>bic&eacute;phale</i>.] <def>Having two
heads.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bi"ceps</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., two-headed;
<i>bis</i> twice + <i>caput</i> head. See <u>Capital</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A muscle having two heads or origins; -- applied particularly to a
flexor in the arm, and to another in the thigh.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bi*chir"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A remarkable ganoid fish (<i>Polypterus
bichir</i>) found in the Nile and other African rivers. See
<u>Brachioganoidei</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*chlo"ride</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>chloride</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound consisting of two atoms of
chlorine with one or more atoms of another element; -- called also
<i>dichloride</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bichloride of mercury</b></col>, <cd>mercuric chloride; --
sometimes called <i>corrosive sublimate</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Bi"cho</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Jigger</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*chro"mate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>chromate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt containing two parts of
chromic acid to one of the other ingredients; as, potassium
<i>bichromate</i>; -- called also <i>dichromate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*chro"ma*tize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To combine
or treat with a bichromate, esp. with bichromate of potassium; as,
<i>bichromatized</i> gelatine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cip"i*tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>biceps</i>,
<i>bicipitis</i>: cf. F. <i>bicipital</i>. See <u>Biceps</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having two heads
or origins, as a muscle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to a
biceps muscle; as, <i>bicipital</i> furrows, the depressions on either side
of the biceps of the arm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Dividing into two parts at one
extremity; having two heads or two supports; as, a <i>bicipital</i>
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cip"i*tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having two
heads; bicipital.</def> "<i>Bicipitous</i> serpents."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bick"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Beaker</u>.] <def>A small
wooden vessel made of staves and hoops, like a tub.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bick"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bickered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bickering</u>.] [OE. <i>bikeren</i>, perh. fr. Celtic; cf. W.
<i>bicra</i> to fight, bicker, <i>bicre</i> conflict, skirmish; perh. akin
to E. <i>beak</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To skirmish; to exchange blows;
to fight.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Two eagles had a conflict, and <i>bickered</i> together.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contend in petulant altercation; to
wrangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Petty things about which men cark and <i>bicker</i>.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move quickly and unsteadily, or with a
pattering noise; to quiver; to be tremulous, like flame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [streamlets] <i>bickered</i> through the sunny
shade.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bick"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
skirmish; an encounter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fight with stones between two parties of
boys.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wrangle; also, a noise,, as in angry
contention.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bick"er*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
bickers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bick"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
skirmishing.</def> "Frays and <i>bickerings</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Altercation; wrangling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bick"er*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Contention.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bick"ern</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bigorne</i>. See
<u>Bicorn</u>.] <def>An anvil ending in a beak or point (orig. in
<i>two</i> beaks); also, the beak or horn itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*col"li*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice
+ <i>colligatus</i>, p. p. See <u>Colligate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the anterior toes connected by a basal
web.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi"col`or</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi"col`ored</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bicolor</i>; <i>bis</i> twice + <i>color</i>
color.] <def>Of two colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*con"cave</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>concave</i>.] <def>Concave on both sides; as, <i>biconcave</i>
vertebr&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*con"ju*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>conjugate</i>, a.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Twice paired, as when a petiole
forks twice.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*con"vex</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>convex</i>.] <def>Convex on both sides; as, a <i>biconvex</i>
lens.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi"corn</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi"corned</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*cor"nous</hw>
(&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bicornis</i>; <i>bis</i> twice +
<i>cornu</i> horn: cf. F. <i>bicorne</i>. Cf. <u>Bickern</u>.] <def>Having
two horns; two-horned; crescentlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cor"po*ral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>corporal</i>.] <def>Having two bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cor"po*rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>corporate</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Double-bodied, as a lion having one
head and two bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cos"tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>costate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two principal ribs running
longitudinally, as a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cre"nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>crenate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Twice crenated, as in the case of
leaves whose crenatures are themselves crenate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`cres*cen"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>crescent</i>.] <def>Having the form of a double crescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cru"ral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>crural</i>.] <def>Having two legs.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*cus"pid</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*cus"pid*ate</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See pref. <u>Bi-</u>, and <u>Cuspidate</u>.]
<def>Having two points or prominences; ending in two points; -- said of
teeth, leaves, fruit, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cus"pid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the
two double-pointed teeth which intervene between the canines (cuspids) and
the molars, on each side of each jaw. See <u>Tooth</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cy"a*nide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dicyanide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"cy*cle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>cycle</i>.] <def>A light vehicle having two wheels one behind the other.
It has a saddle seat and is propelled by the rider's feet acting on cranks
or levers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"cy*cler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who rides a
bicycle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cyc"lic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
bicycles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"cy*cling</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use of a
bicycle; the act or practice of riding a bicycle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"cy*clism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of riding
a bicycle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"cy*clist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
bicycler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*cyc"u*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
bicycling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bid</hw> (b&ibreve;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Bade</u> (b&abreve;d), <u>Bid</u>, (Obs.)
<u>Bad</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bidden</u> (&?;), <u>Bid</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bidding</u>.] [OE. <i>bidden</i>, prop
to ask, beg, AS. <i>biddan</i>; akin to OS. <i>biddian</i>, Icel.
<i>bi&eth;ja</i>, OHG. <i>bittan</i>, G. <i>bitten</i>, to pray, ask,
request, and E. <i>bead</i>, also perh. to Gr. <grk>teiqein</grk> to
persuade, L. <i>fidere</i> to trust, E. <i>faith</i>, and <i>bide</i>. But
this word was early confused with OE. <i>beden</i>, <i>beoden</i>, AS.
<i>be&oacute;dan</i>, to offer, command; akin to Icel.
<i>bj&omacr;&eth;a</i>, Goth. <i>biudan</i> (in comp.), OHG. <i>biotan</i>
to command, bid, G. <i>bieten</i>, D. <i>bieden</i>, to offer, also to Gr.
<grk>pynqa`nesqai</grk> to learn by inquiry, Skr. <i>budh</i> to be awake,
to heed, present OSlav. <i>bud&emacr;ti</i> to be awake, E. <i>bode</i>, v.
The word now has the form of OE. <i>bidden</i> to ask, but the meaning of
OE. <i>beden</i> to command, except in "to bid beads." &radic;30.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make an offer of; to propose. Specifically :
To offer to pay ( a certain price, as for a thing put up at auction), or to
take (a certain price, as for work to be done under a contract).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To offer in words; to declare, as a wish, a
greeting, a threat, or defiance, etc.; as, to <i>bid</i> one welcome; to
<i>bid</i> good morning, farewell, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither <i>bid</i> him God speed.<BR>
<i>2. John 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>bids</i> defiance to the gaping crowd.<BR>
<i>Granrille.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To proclaim; to declare publicly; to make
known.</def> [Mostly obs.] "Our banns thrice <i>bid</i> !"  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To order; to direct; to enjoin; to
command.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That Power who <i>bids</i> the ocean ebb and flow.<BR>
<i>Pope</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord, if it be thou, <i>bid</i> me come unto thee.<BR>
<i>Matt. xiv. 28</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>bid</i> to pick up shells.<BR>
<i>D. Jerrold.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To invite; to call in; to request to
come.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As many as ye shall find, <i>bid</i> to the marriage.<BR>
<i>Matt. xxii. 9</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To bid beads</b></col>, <cd>to pray with beads, as the Roman
Catholics; to distinguish each bead by a prayer.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>To
bid defiance to</b></col> , <cd>to defy openly; to brave.</cd> --
<col><b>To bid fair</b></col>, <cd>to offer a good prospect; to make fair
promise; to seem likely.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To offer; proffer; tender; propose; order; command;
direct; charge; enjoin.</p>

<p><hw>Bid</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Bid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An offer of a price, especially
at auctions; a statement of a sum which one will give for something to be
received, or will take for something to be done or furnished; that which is
offered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bid</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Bid</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pray.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a bid; to state what one will pay or
take.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bid"ale`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bid</i> + <i>ale</i>.]
<def>An invitation of friends to drink ale at some poor man's house, and
there to contribute in charity for his relief.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bid"da*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Obedient;
docile.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Bid"den</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Bid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bid"der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>biddere</i>. ]
<def>One who bids or offers a price.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bid"der*y ware`</hw> (&?;). [From <i>Beder</i> or <i>Bidar</i> a
town in India.] <def>A kind of metallic ware made in India. The material is
a composition of zinc, tin, and lead, in which ornaments of gold and silver
are inlaid or damascened.</def> [Spelt also bidry, <i>bidree</i>,
<i>bedery</i>, <i>beder</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bid"ding</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Command;
order; a proclamation or notifying.</def> "Do thou thy master's
<i>bidding</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of making bids; an offer; a
proposal of a price, as at an auction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bid"ding prayer`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>The prayer for the souls of benefactors, said before the
sermon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Angl. Ch.)</i> <def>The prayer before the sermon,
with petitions for various specified classes of persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bid"dy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymology uncertain.]
<def>A name used in calling a hen or chicken.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bid"dy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A familiar form of
<i>Bridget</i>.] <def>An Irish serving woman or girl.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Bide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Biding</u>.] [OE. <i>biden</i>, AS. <i>b&imacr;dan</i>; akin to OHG.
<i>b&imacr;tan</i>, Goth. <i>beidan</i>, Icel. <i>b&imacr;&?;&?;</i>; perh.
orig., to wait with trust, and akin to <i>bid</i>. See <u>Bid</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Abide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
dwell; to inhabit; to abide; to stay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All knees to thee shall bow of them that <i>bide</i><BR>
In heaven or earth, or under earth, in hell.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remain; to continue or be permanent in a
place or state; to continue to be.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bide</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
encounter; to remain firm under (a hardship); to endure; to suffer; to
undergo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Poor naked wretches, wheresoe'er you are,<BR>
That <i>bide</i> the pelting of this pitiless storm.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wait for; as, I <i>bide</i> my time. See
<u>Abide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"dent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bidens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, having two prongs; <i>bis</i> twice + <i>dens</i> a tooth.]
<def>An instrument or weapon with two prongs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*den"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having two
teeth.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*den"tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having two teeth or two toothlike processes; two-
toothed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*det"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bidet</i>, perh. fr.
Celtic; cr. Gael. <i>bideach</i> very little, diminutive, <i>bidein</i> a
diminutive animal, W. <i>bidan</i> a weakly or sorry wretch.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small horse formerly allowed to each trooper
or dragoon for carrying his baggage.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of bath tub for sitting baths; a sitz
bath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*dig"i*tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>digitate</i>.] <def>Having two fingers or fingerlike
projections.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bid"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Residence;
habitation.</def>  <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bield</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shelter. Same as
<u>Beild</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Bield</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shelter.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Bi*en"ni*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>biennalis</i>
and <i>biennis</i>, fr. <i>biennium</i> a space of two years; <i>bis</i>
twice + <i>annus</i> year. Cf. <u>Annual</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Happening, or taking place, once in two years; as, a <i>biennial</i>
election.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Continuing for two years, and then
perishing, as plants which form roots and leaves the first year, and
produce fruit the second.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*en"ni*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something which takes place or appears once in two years; esp. a
biennial examination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant which exists or lasts for
two years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*en"ni*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once in two
years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bier</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>b&aelig;e</i>,
<i>beere</i>, AS. <i>b&?;r</i>, <i>b&?;re</i>; akin to D. <i>baar</i>, OHG.
<i>b&amacr;ra</i>, G. <i>bahre</i>, Icel <i>barar</i>, D&?; <i>baare</i>,
L. <i>feretrum</i>, Gr. <i>&?;</i>, from the same &?;&?; <i>bear</i> to
produce. See 1st <u>Bear</u>, and cf. <u>Barrow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A handbarrow or portable frame on which a corpse is placed or borne to
the grave.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A count of forty threads in the
warp or chain of woolen cloth.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><! p. 144 !></p>

<p><hw>Bier"balk`</hw> (b&emacr;r"b&add;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Bier</u>, and <u>Balk</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A church road (e.
g., a path across fields) for funerals.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Homilies.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Biest"ings</hw>, <hw>Beest"ings</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bestynge</i>, AS. <i>b&ymacr;sting</i>, fr.
<i>b&ymacr;st</i>, <i>beost</i>; akin to D. <i>biest</i>, OHG.
<i>biost</i>, G. <i>biest</i>; of unknown origin.] <def>The first milk
given by a cow after calving.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The thick and curdy milk . . . commonly called
<i>biestings</i>.<BR>
<i>Newton. (1574).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bi*fa"cial</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>facial</i>.] <def>Having the opposite surfaces alike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*fa"ri*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bifarius</i>;
<i>bis</i> twice + <i>fari</i> to speak. Cf. Gr. &?; twofold; &?; twice +
&?; to say.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Twofold; arranged in two
rows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pointing two ways, as leaves that
grow only on opposite sides of a branch; in two vertical rows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*fa"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a bifarious
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bifer</i>;
<i>bis</i> twice + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Bearing fruit twice a
year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bif"fin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Beaufin</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of apple peculiar to Norfolk, Eng.</def>
[Sometimes called <i>beaufin</i>; but properly <i>beefin</i> (it is said),
from its resemblance to raw beef.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A baked apple pressed down into a flat, round
cake; a dried apple.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi"fid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bifidus</i>;
<i>bis</i> twice + root of <i>findere</i> to cleave or split: cf. F.
<i>bifide</i>.] <def>Cleft to the middle or slightly beyond the middle;
opening with a cleft; divided by a linear sinus, with straight
margins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bif"i*date</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bifidatus</i>.]
<def>See <u>Bifid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*fi"lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>filar</i>.] <def>Two-threaded; involving the use of two threads; as,
<i>bifilar</i> suspension; a <i>bifilar</i> balance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bifilar micrometer</b></col> (often called <col><b>a
bifilar</b></col>), <cd>an instrument form measuring minute distances or
angles by means of two very minute threads (usually spider lines), one of
which, at least, is movable; -- more commonly called a <i>filar
micrometer</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bi`fla*bel"late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>flabellate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Flabellate on both
sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`fla*gel"late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>flagellate</i>.] <def>Having two long, narrow, whiplike
appendages.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*flo"rate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*flo"rous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice + <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>,
flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing two flowers; two-flowered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"fold</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>fold</i>.] <def>Twofold; double; of two kinds, degrees, etc.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*fo"li*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>foliate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two leaves; two-
leaved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*fo"li*o*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>foliolate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two leaflets, as some compound
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bif"o*rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice +
<i>foratus</i>, p. p. of <i>forare</i> to bore or pierce.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having two perforations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bif"o*rine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>biforis</i>,
<i>biforus</i>, having two doors; <i>bis</i> twice + <i>foris</i> door.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An oval sac or cell, found in the leaves of certain
plants of the order <i>Arace&aelig;</i>. It has an opening at each end
through which raphides, generated inside, are discharged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"forked</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bifurcate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>biformis</i>;
<i>bis</i> twice + <i>forma</i> shape: cf. F. <i>biforme</i>.] <def>Having
two forms, bodies, or shapes.</def>  <i>Croxall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi"formed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>form</i>.] <def>Having two forms.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*form"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A double
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*forn"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep. &amp; adv.</i></pos>
<def>Before.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bif"o*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>biforis</i>
having two doors; <i>bis</i> twice, two + <i>foris</i> door.] <def>See
<u>Biforate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*front"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>front</i>.] <def>Having two fronts.</def> "<i>Bifronted</i> Janus."
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*fur"cate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*fur"ca*ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>furcate</i>.] <def>Two-pronged;
forked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*fur"cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To divide into
two branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`fur*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>bifurcation</i>.] <def>A forking, or division into two
branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*fur"cous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bifurcus</i>;
<i>bis</i> twice + <i>furca</i> fork.] <def>See <u>Bifurcate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [R.]  <i>Coles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Big</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Bigger</u>; <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Biggest</u>.] [Perh. from
Celtic; cf. W. <i>beichiog</i>, <i>beichiawg</i>, pregnant, with child, fr.
<i>baich</i> burden, Arm. <i>beac'h</i>; or cf. OE. <i>bygly</i>, Icel.
<i>biggiligr</i>, (properly) habitable; (then) magnigicent, excellent, fr.
OE. <i>biggen</i>, Icel. <i>byggja</i>, to dwell, build, akin to E.
<i>be</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having largeness of size; of much bulk
or magnitude; of great size; large.</def> "He's too <i>big</i> to go in
there."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Great with young; pregnant; swelling; ready to
give birth or produce; -- often figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Day] <i>big</i> with the fate of Cato and of Rome.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having greatness, fullness, importance,
inflation, distention, etc., whether in a good or a bad sense; as, a
<i>big</i> heart; a <i>big</i> voice; <i>big</i> looks; to look <i>big</i>.
As applied to looks, it indicates haughtiness or pride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God hath not in heaven a <i>bigger</i> argument.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Big</i> is often used in self-explaining compounds; as,
<i>big-</i>boned; <i>big-</i>sounding; <i>big-</i>named; <i>big-
</i>voiced.</p>

<p><col><b>To talk big</b></col>, <cd>to talk loudly, arrogantly, or
pretentiously.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>talked big</i> to them at first.<BR>
<i>De Foe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bulky; large; great; massive; gross.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Big</hw>, <hw>Bigg</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bif</i>,
<i>bigge</i>; akin to Icel. <i>bygg</i>, Dan. <i>byg</i>, Sw.
<i>bjugg</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Barley, especially the hardy four-rowed
kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Bear interchanges in local use, now with barley, now with
<i>bigg</i>."<BR>
<i>New English Dict.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Big</hw>, <hw>Bigg</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>biggen</i>, fr. Icel. <i>byggja</i> to inhabit, to build, <i>b&?;a</i>
(neut.) to dwell (active) to make ready. See <u>Boor</u>, and
<u>Bound</u>.] <def>To build.</def> [Scot. &amp; North of Eng. Dial.]  <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bi"ga</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A
two-horse chariot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big"am</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bigamus</i> twice
married: cf. F. <i>bigame</i>. See <u>Bigamy.</u>] <def>A bigamist.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Big"a*mist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Digamist</u>.]
<def>One who is guilty of bigamy.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Big"a*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Guilty of bigamy;
involving bigamy; as, a <i>bigamous</i> marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big"a*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bigamie</i>, fr.
L. <i>bigamus</i> twice married; <i>bis</i> twice + Gr. <i>&?;</i>
marriage; prob. akin to Skt. <i>j&amacr;mis</i> related, and L.
<i>gemini</i> twins, the root meaning to <i>bind</i>, <i>join</i>: cf. F.
<i>bigamie</i>. Cf. <u>Digamy</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The offense of
marrying one person when already legally married to another.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; It is not strictly correct to call this offense <i>bigamy</i>: it
more properly denominated <i>polygamy</i>, i. e., having a plurality of
wives or husbands at once, and in several statutes in the United States the
offense is classed under the head of <i>polygamy</i>.</p>

<p>   In the canon law <i>bigamy</i> was the marrying of two virgins
successively, or one after the death of the other, or once marrying a
widow. This disqualified a man for orders, and for holding ecclesiastical
offices. Shakespeare uses the word in the latter sense.  <i>Blackstone.</i>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Base declension and loathed <i>bigamy</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i>
</blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Big`ar*reau"</hw> (&?;), <hw>Big`a*roon"</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bigarreau</i>, fr. <i>bigarr&eacute;</i>
variegated.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The large white-heart cherry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big"-bel`lied</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a great
belly; as, a <i>big-bellied</i> man or flagon; advanced in
pregnancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*gem"i*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>geminate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a forked petiole, and a pair of
leaflets at the end of each division; biconjugate; twice paired; -- said of
a decompound leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*gen"tial</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + L.
<i>gens</i>, <i>gentis</i>, tribe.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Including two
tribes or races of men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big"eye`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
fish of the genus <i>Priacanthus</i>, remarkable for the large size of the
eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bigg</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Big</u>,
<pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Big"gen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To make or
become big; to enlarge.</def> [Obs. or Dial.]  <i>Steele.</i></p>

<p><hw>Big"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>compar.</i></pos> of <u>Big</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big"gest</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of <u>Big</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big"gin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>b&eacute;guin</i>,
prob. from the cap worn by the <i>B&eacute;guines</i>. Cf. <u>Beguine</u>,
<u>Biggon</u>.] <def>A child's cap; a hood, or something worn on the
head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An old woman's <i>biggin</i> for a nightcap.<BR>
<i>Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Big"gin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coffeepot with a strainer
or perforated metallic vessel for holding the ground coffee, through which
boiling water is poured; -- so called from Mr. <i>Biggin</i>, the
inventor.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Big"gin</hw>, <hw>Big"ging</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>bigging</i>. See <u>Big</u>, <u>Bigg</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>A building.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Big"gon</hw> (&?;), <hw>Big"gon*net</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>b&eacute;guin</i> and OF. <i>beguinet</i>, dim
of <i>b&eacute;guin</i>. See <u>Biggin</u> a cap.] <def>A cap or hood with
pieces covering the ears.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Big"ha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A measure of land in
India, varying from a third of an acre to an acre.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big"horn`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Rocky Mountain sheep (<i>Ovis or Caprovis montana</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bight</hw> (b&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bi&yogh;t</i> a
bending; cf. Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>bugt</i> bend, bay; fr. AS. <i>byht</i>, fr.
<i>b&umacr;gan</i>. &radic;88. Cf. <u>Bout</u>, <u>Bought</u> a bend, and
see <u>Bow</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A corner,
bend, or angle; a hollow; as, the <i>bight</i> of a horse's knee; the
<i>bight</i> of an elbow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A bend in a coast forming an open
bay; as, the <i>Bight</i> of Benin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The double part of a rope when
folded, in distinction from the ends; that is, a round, bend, or coil not
including the ends; a loop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*glan"du*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>glandular</i>.] <def>Having two glands, as a plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Big</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>In a tumid, swelling, blustering manner;
haughtily; violently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He brawleth <i>bigly</i>.<BR>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia. )</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Big"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality of
being big; largeness; size; bulk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big*no"ni*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from the
Abb&eacute; <i>Bignon</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large genus of American,
mostly tropical, climbing shrubs, having compound leaves and showy somewhat
tubular flowers. <i>B. capreolata</i> is the cross vine of the Southern
United States. The trumpet creeper was formerly considered to be of this
genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big*no`ni*a"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants of which the
trumpet flower is an example.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big"ot</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bigot</i> a bigot or
hypocrite, a name once given to the Normans in France. Of unknown origin;
possibly akin to Sp. <i>bigote</i> a whisker; hombre de <i>bigote</i> a man
of spirit and vigor; cf. It. <i>s-bigottire</i> to terrify, to appall.
Wedgwood and others maintain that bigot is from the same source as
<i>Beguine</i>, <i>Beghard</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hypocrite; esp., a superstitious
hypocrite.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who regards his own faith and views in
matters of religion as unquestionably right, and any belief or opinion
opposed to or differing from them as unreasonable or wicked. In an extended
sense, a person who is intolerant of opinions which conflict with his own,
as in politics or morals; one obstinately and blindly devoted to his own
church, party, belief, or opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To doubt, where <i>bigots</i> had been content to wonder and
believe.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Big"ot</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bigoted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In a country more <i>bigot</i> than ours.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Big"ot*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Obstinately and blindly
attached to some creed, opinion practice, or ritual; unreasonably devoted
to a system or party, and illiberal toward the opinions of others.</def>
"<i>Bigoted</i> to strife."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prejudiced; intolerant; narrow-minded.</p>

<p><hw>Big"ot*ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of a
bigot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big"ot*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>bigoterie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of mind of a bigot;
obstinate and unreasoning attachment of one's own belief and opinions, with
narrow-minded intolerance of beliefs opposed to them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The practice or tenets of a bigot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big"wig`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Big</i>, a. +
<i>wig</i>.] <def>A person of consequence; as, the <i>bigwigs</i> of
society.</def> [Jocose]</p>

<p><blockquote>In our youth we have heard him spoken of by the
<i>bigwigs</i> with extreme condescension.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Big"-wigged`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>characterized by
pomposity of manner.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bi`hy*drog"u*ret</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i>
+ <i>hydroguret</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound of two atoms of
hydrogen with some other substance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bi*jou"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bijoux</b></plw> (&?;). [F.; of uncertain origin.] <def>A trinket;
a jewel; -- a word applied to anything small and of elegant
workmanship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*jou"try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bijouterie</i>.
See <u>Bijou</u>.] <def>Small articles of virtu, as jewelry, trinkets,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bij"u*gate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice +
<i>jugatus</i>, p. p. of <i>jugare</i> to join.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
two pairs, as of leaflets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bij"u*gous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bijugus</i> yoked
two together; <i>bis</i> twice + <i>jugum</i> yoke, pair.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Bijugate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bike</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ethymol. unknown.] <def>A
nest of wild bees, wasps, or ants; a swarm.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bikh</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind., fr. Skr.
<i>visha</i> poison.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The East Indian name of a virulent
poison extracted from <i>Aconitum ferox</i> or other species of aconite:
also, the plant itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*la"bi*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>labiate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two lips, as the corols of
certain flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`la*cin"i*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>laciniate</i>.] <def>Doubly fringed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bi*la"lo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A two-masted
passenger boat or small vessel, used in the bay of Manila.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*lam"el*late</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*lam"el*la`ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>lamellate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Formed of two plates, as the stigma of the Mimulus; also, having two
elevated ridges, as in the lip of certain flowers.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*lam"i*nar</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*lam"i*nate</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>laminar</i>, <i>laminate</i>.]
<def>Formed of, or having, two lamin&aelig;, or thin plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"land</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A byland.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bil"an*der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>bijlander</i>;
<i>bij</i> by + <i>land</i> land, country.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small
two-masted merchant vessel, fitted only for coasting, or for use in canals,
as in Holland.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why choose we, then, like <i>bilanders</i> to creep<BR>
Along the coast, and land in view to keep?<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bi*lat"er*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>lateral</i>: cf. F. <i>bilat&eacute;ral</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having two sides; arranged upon two sides; affecting two sides or two
parties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the two sides
of a central area or organ, or of a central axis; as, <i>bilateral</i>
symmetry in animals, where there is a similarity of parts on the right and
left sides of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*lat`er*al"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being bilateral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"ber*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bilberries</b></plw> (&?;). [Cf. Dan. <i>b&ouml;lleb&aelig;r</i>
bilberry, where <i>b&ouml;lle</i> is perh. akin to E. <i>ball</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The European whortleberry
(<i>Vaccinium myrtillus</i>); also, its edible bluish black
fruit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There pinch the maids as blue as <i>bilberry</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any similar plant or its fruit;
esp., in America, the species <i>Vaccinium myrtilloides</i>, <i>V.
c&aelig;spitosum</i> and <i>V. uliginosum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"bo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bilboes</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rapier; a sword;
so named from <i>Bilbao</i>, in Spain.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A long bar or bolt of iron with
sliding shackles, and a lock at the end, to confine the feet of prisoners
or offenders, esp. on board of ships.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Methought I lay<BR>
Worse than the mutines in the <i>bilboes</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Bil"bo*quet</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The toy
called <i>cup and ball</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"cock</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European water rail.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bild"stein</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr. <i>bild</i>
image, likeness + <i>stein</i> stone.] <def>Same as
<u>Agalmatolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bilis</i>: cf. F.
<i>bile</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A yellow, or
greenish, viscid fluid, usually alkaline in reaction, secreted by the
liver. It passes into the intestines, where it aids in the digestive
process. Its characteristic constituents are the bile salts, and coloring
matters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bitterness of feeling; choler; anger; ill humor;
as, to stir one's <i>bile</i>.</def>  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The ancients considered the bile to be the "humor" which caused
irascibility.</p>

<p><hw>Bile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>byle</i>, <i>bule</i>,
<i>bele</i>, AS. <i>b&?;le</i>, <i>b&?;l</i>; skin to D. <i>buil</i>, G.
<i>beule</i>, and Goth. <i>ufbauljan</i> to puff up. Cf. <u>Boil</u> a
tumor, <u>Bulge</u>.] <def>A boil.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Bi*lec"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>That portion of a group of moldings which projects beyond the general
surface of a panel; a bolection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bile"stone`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bile</i> +
<i>stone</i>.] <def>A gallstone, or biliary calculus. See
<u>Biliary</u>.</def>  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bilge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A different orthography of
<i>bulge</i>, of same origin as <i>belly</i>. Cf. <u>Belly</u>,
<u>Bulge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The protuberant part of a cask,
which is usually in the middle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That part of a ship's hull or
bottom which is broadest and most nearly flat, and on which she would rest
if aground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bilge water.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bilge free</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>stowed in such a way
that the bilge is clear of everything; -- said of a cask.</cd> --
<col><b>Bilge pump</b></col>, <cd>a pump to draw the bilge water from the
gold of a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Bilge water</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>water which collects in the bilge or bottom of a ship or other vessel.
It is often allowed to remain till it becomes very offensive.</cd> --
<col><b>Bilge ways</b></col>, <cd>the timbers which support the cradle of a
ship upon the ways, and which slide upon the launching ways in launching
the vessel.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 145 !></p>

<p><hw>Bilge</hw> (b&ibreve;lj), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bilged</u> (b&ibreve;ljd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Bilging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
suffer a fracture in the bilge; to spring a leak by a fracture in the
bilge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bulge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bilge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To fracture the bilge of, or stave in the bottom of (a
ship or other vessel).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to bulge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the smell of
bilge water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"ia*ry</hw> (b&ibreve;l"y&adot;*r&ybreve;; 106),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bilis</i> bile: cf. F. <i>biliaire</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Relating or belonging to bile; conveying bile; as,
<i>biliary</i> acids; <i>biliary</i> ducts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Biliary calculus</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a gallstone, or a
concretion formed in the gall bladder or its duct.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bil`i*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The production and excretion of bile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*lif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Generating
bile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil`i*fus"cin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bilis</i> bile
+ <i>fuscus</i> dark.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A brownish green pigment
found in human gallstones and in old bile. It is a derivative of
bilirubin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Bi*lim"bi</hw> (&?;), <hw>||Bi*lim"bing</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay.] <def>The berries of two East Indian species
of <i>Averrhoa</i>, of the <i>Oxalide&aelig;</i> or Sorrel family. They are
very acid, and highly esteemed when preserved or pickled. The juice is used
as a remedy for skin diseases.</def> [Written also <i>blimbi</i> and
<i>blimbing</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bil"i*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman's ornament;
habiliment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bi"lin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>biline</i>, from
L. <i>bilis</i> bile.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A name applied to the
amorphous or crystalline mass obtained from bile by the action of alcohol
and ether. It is composed of a mixture of the sodium salts of the bile
acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*lin"e*ar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or included by, two lines; as, <i>bilinear</i>
co&ouml;rdinates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*lin"gual</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bilinguis</i>;
<i>bis</i> twice + <i>lingua</i> tongue, language.] <def>Containing, or
consisting of, two languages; expressed in two languages; as, a
<i>bilingual</i> inscription; a <i>bilingual</i> dictionary.</def> --
<wf>Bi*lin"gual*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bi*lin"gual*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being bilingual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bilingualism</i> of King's English.<BR>
<i>Earle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bi*lin"guar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bilingual</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*lin"guist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in two
languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*lin"guous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bilinguis</i>.]
<def>Having two tongues, or speaking two languages.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bil"ious</hw> (b&ibreve;l"y&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>biliosus</i>, fr. <i>bilis</i> bile.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the bile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disordered in respect to the bile; troubled with
an excess of bile; as, a <i>bilious</i> patient; dependent on, or
characterized by, an excess of bile; as, <i>bilious</i> symptoms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Choleric; passionate; ill tempered.</def> "A
<i>bilious</i> old nabob."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bilious temperament</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Temperament</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bil"ious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
bilious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil`i*pra"sin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bilis</i> bile
+ <i>prasinus</i> green.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A dark green pigment found
in small quantity in human gallstones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil`i*ru"bin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bilis</i> biel
+ <i>ruber</i> red.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A reddish yellow pigment
present in human bile, and in that from carnivorous and herbivorous
animals; the normal biliary pigment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*lit"er*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice +
<i>littera</i> letter.] <def>Consisting of two letters; as, a
<i>biliteral</i> root of a Sanskrit verb.</def>  <i>Sir W. Jones.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A word, syllable, or root, consisting of two
letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*lit"er*al*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The property
or state of being biliteral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil`i*ver"din</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bilis</i> bile
+ <i>viridis</i> green. Cf. <u>Verdure</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A green
pigment present in the bile, formed from bilirubin by oxidation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bilk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bilked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bilking</u>.] [Origin unknown. Cf. <u>Balk</u>.] <def>To frustrate or
disappoint; to deceive or defraud, by nonfulfillment of engagement; to
leave in the lurch; to give the slip to; as, to <i>bilk</i> a
creditor.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bilk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thwarting
an adversary in cribbage by spoiling his score; a balk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cheat; a trick; a hoax.</def>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Nonsense; vain words.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person who tricks a creditor; an
untrustworthy, tricky person.</def>  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bill</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bile</i>,
<i>bille</i>, AS. <i>bile</i> beak of a bird, proboscis; cf. Ir. &amp; Gael.
<i>bil</i>, <i>bile</i>, mouth, lip, bird's bill. Cf. <u>Bill</u> a
weapon.] <def>A beak, as of a bird, or sometimes of a turtle or other
animal.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Billed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Billing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike; to peck.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To join bills, as doves; to caress in
fondness.</def> "As pigeons <i>bill</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To bill and coo</b></col>, <cd>to interchange caresses; -- said
of doves; also of demonstrative lovers.</cd>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bell, or boom, of the
bittern</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bittern's hollow <i>bill</i> was heard.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bil</i>, AS. <i>bill</i>,
<i>bil</i>; akin to OS. <i>bil</i> sword, OHG. <i>bill</i> pickax, G.
<i>bille</i>. Cf. <u>Bill</u> bea&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cutting
instrument, with hook-shaped point, and fitted with a handle; -- used in
pruning, etc.; a billhook. When short, called a <i>hand bill</i>, when
long, a <i>hedge bill</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weapon of infantry, in the 14th and 15th
centuries. A common form of bill consisted of a broad, heavy, double-edged,
hook-shaped blade, having a short pike at the back and another at the top,
and attached to the end of a long staff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>France had no infantry that dared to face the English bows
end <i>bills</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who wields a bill; a billman.</def>
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pickax, or mattock.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The extremity of the arm of an
anchor; the point of or beyond the fluke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bill</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To work upon ( as to
dig, hoe, hack, or chop anything) with a bill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bill</i>, <i>bille</i>, fr.
LL. <i>billa</i> (or OF. <i>bille</i>), for L. <i>bulla</i> anything
rounded, LL., seal, stamp, letter, edict, roll; cf. F. <i>bille</i> a ball,
prob. fr. Ger.; cf. MHG. <i>bickel</i>, D. <i>bikkel</i>, dice. Cf.
<u>Bull</u> papal edict, <u>Billet</u> a paper.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A declaration made in writing,
stating some wrong the complainant has suffered from the defendant, or a
fault committed by some person against a law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A writing binding the signer or signers to pay a
certain sum at a future day or on demand, with or without interest, as may
be stated in the document.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; In the United States, it is usually called a <i>note</i>, a
<i>note of hand</i>, or a <i>promissory note</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A form or draft of a law, presented to a
legislature for enactment; a proposed or projected law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A paper, written or printed, and posted up or
given away, to advertise something, as a lecture, a play, or the sale of
goods; a placard; a poster; a handbill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She put up the <i>bill</i> in her parlor window.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An account of goods sold, services rendered, or
work done, with the price or charge; a statement of a creditor's claim, in
gross or by items; as, a grocer's <i>bill</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Any paper, containing a statement of
particulars; as, a <i>bill</i> of charges or expenditures; a weekly
<i>bill</i> of mortality; a <i>bill</i> of fare, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of adventure</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Adventure</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of costs</b></col>, <cd>a statement
of the items which form the total amount of the costs of a party to a suit
or action.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of credit</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Within the constitution of the United States, a paper issued by a
State, on the mere faith and credit of the State, and designed to circulate
as money. No State shall "emit <i>bills of credit</i>."</cd> <i>U. S.
Const.</i>   <i>Peters.</i>   <i>Wharton.</i>   <i>Bouvier</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Among merchants, a letter sent by an agent or other
person to a merchant, desiring him to give credit to the bearer for goods
or money.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of divorce</b></col>, <cd>in the Jewish law,
a writing given by the husband to the wife, by which the marriage relation
was dissolved.</cd> <i>Jer. iii. 8.</i> -- <col><b>Bill of entry</b></col>,
<cd>a written account of goods entered at the customhouse, whether imported
or intended for exportation.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of exceptions</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Exception</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of exchange</b></col>
<i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a written order or request from one person or house to
another, desiring the latter to pay to some person designated a certain sum
of money therein generally is, and, to be negotiable, must be, made payable
to order or to bearer. So also the order generally expresses a specified
time of payment, and that it is drawn for value. The person who draws the
bill is called the <i>drawer</i>, the person on whom it is drawn is, before
acceptance, called the <i>drawee</i>, -- after acceptance, the
<i>acceptor</i>; the person to whom the money is directed to be paid is
called the <i>payee</i>. The person making the order may himself be the
payee. The bill itself is frequently called a <i>draft</i>. See
<u>Exchange</u>.</cd> <i>Chitty.</i> -- <col><b>Bill of fare</b></col>,
<cd>a written or printed enumeration of the dishes served at a public
table, or of the dishes (with prices annexed) which may be ordered at a
restaurant, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of health</b></col>, <cd>a
certificate from the proper authorities as to the state of health of a
ship's company at the time of her leaving port.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of
indictment</b></col>, <cd>a written accusation lawfully presented to a
grand jury. If the jury consider the evidence sufficient to support the
accusation, they indorse it "A true bill," otherwise they write upon it
"Not a true bill," or "Not found," or "<i>Ignoramus</i>", or
"Ignored."</cd>  -- <col><b>Bill of lading</b></col>, <cd>a written account
of goods shipped by any person, signed by the agent of the owner of the
vessel, or by its master, acknowledging the receipt of the goods, and
promising to deliver them safe at the place directed, dangers of the sea
excepted. It is usual for the master to sign two, three, or four copies of
the bill; one of which he keeps in possession, one is kept by the shipper,
and one is sent to the consignee of the goods.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of
mortality</b></col>, <cd>an official statement of the number of deaths in a
place or district within a given time; also, a district required to be
covered by such statement; as, a place within the <i>bills of mortality</i>
of London.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of pains and penalties</b></col>, <cd>a
special act of a legislature which inflicts a punishment less than death
upon persons supposed to be guilty of treason or felony, without any
conviction in the ordinary course of judicial proceedings.</cd>
<i>Bouvier.</i> <i>Wharton.</i> -- <col><b>Bill of parcels</b></col>,
<cd>an account given by the seller to the buyer of the several articles
purchased, with the price of each.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of
particulars</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a detailed statement of the items
of a plaintiff's demand in an action, or of the defendant's set-off.</cd> -
- <col><b>Bill of rights</b></col>, <cd>a summary of rights and privileges
claimed by a people. Such was the declaration presented by the Lords and
Commons of England to the Prince and Princess of Orange in 1688, and
enacted in Parliament after they became king and queen. In America, a
<i>bill</i> or <i>declaration of rights</i> is prefixed to most of the
constitutions of the several States.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of
sale</b></col>, <cd>a formal instrument for the conveyance or transfer of
goods and chattels.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of sight</b></col>, <cd>a form of
entry at the customhouse, by which goods, respecting which the importer is
not possessed of full information, may be provisionally landed for
examination.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of store</b></col>, <cd>a license granted
at the customhouse to merchants, to carry such stores and provisions as are
necessary for a voyage, custom free.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i> -- <col><b>Bills
payable</b></col> (<i>pl.</i>), <cd>the outstanding unpaid notes or
acceptances made and issued by an individual or firm.</cd> -- <col><b>Bills
receivable</b></col> (<i>pl.</i>), <cd>the unpaid promissory notes or
acceptances held by an individual or firm.</cd> <i>McElrath.</i> --
<col><b>A true bill</b></col>, <cd>a bill of indictment sanctioned by a
grand jury.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
advertise by a bill or public notice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To charge or enter in a bill; as, to <i>bill</i>
goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"lage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. &and; v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Bilge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"lard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An English fish, allied to the cod; the coalfish.</def> [Written also
<i>billet</i> and <i>billit</i>.]</p>

<p>{<hw>Bill`bee"tle</hw> (&?;), or <hw>Bill"bug`</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A weevil or curculio of
various species, as the corn weevil. See <u>Curculio</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bill"board`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of thick plank, armed with iron plates, and
fixed on the bow or fore channels of a vessel, for the bill or fluke of the
anchor to rest on.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flat surface, as of a panel or of a fence, on
which bills are posted; a bulletin board.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Bill" book`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A book in which a person
keeps an account of his notes, bills, bills of exchange, etc., thus showing
all that he issues and receives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bill" bro`ker</hw> (&?;). <def>One who negotiates the discount of
bills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Billed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with, or
having, a bill, as a bird; -- used in composition; as, broad-
<i>billed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>billet</i>, dim. of
an OF. <i>bille</i> bill. See <u>Bill</u> a writing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small paper; a note; a short letter.</def> "I got your melancholy
<i>billet</i>."  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ticket from a public officer directing
soldiers at what house to lodge; as, a <i>billet</i> of
residence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"let</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Billeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Billeting</u>.] [From <u>Billet</u> a ticket.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To
direct, by a ticket or note, where to lodge. Hence: To quarter, or place in
lodgings, as soldiers in private houses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Billeted</i> in so antiquated a mansion.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bil"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>billette</i>,
<i>bille</i>, log; of unknown origin; a different word from <i>bille</i>
ball. Cf. <u>Billiards</u>, <u>Billot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
stick of wood, as for firewood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall beat out my brains with <i>billets</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A short bar of metal, as of gold
or iron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament in Norman work,
resembling a billet of wood either square or round.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Saddlery)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A strap
which enters a buckle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A loop which receives
the end of a buckled strap.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A bearing in the form of an oblong
rectangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bil`let-doux"</hw> (b&ibreve;l`l&asl;*d&oomac;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Billets-doux</b></plw>
(b&ibreve;l`l&asl;*d&oomac;z"). [F. <i>billet</i> note + <i>doux</i> sweet,
L. <i>dulcis</i>.] <def>A love letter or note.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lover chanting out a <i>billet-doux</i>.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bil"let*head`</hw> (b&ibreve;l"l&ect;t*h&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A round piece of timber at the bow
or stern of a whaleboat, around which the harpoon line is run out when the
whale darts off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bill"fish`</hw> (-f&ibreve;sh`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name applied to several distinct fishes</def>:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The garfish (<i>Tylosurus, or Belone,
longirostris</i>) and allied species.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
saury, a slender fish of the Atlantic coast (<i>Scomberesox
saurus</i>).</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The <i>Tetrapturus albidus</i>,
a large oceanic species related to the swordfish; the spearfish.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The American fresh-water garpike (<i>Lepidosteus
osseus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bill"head`</hw> (-h&ebreve;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A printed
form, used by merchants in making out bills or rendering
accounts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bill" hold`er</hw> (b&ibreve;l" h&omacr;l`d&etilde;r).
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person who holds a bill or acceptance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A device by means of which bills, etc., are
held.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bill"hook`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bill</i> +
<i>hook</i>.] <def>A thick, heavy knife with a hooked point, used in
pruning hedges, etc. When it has a short handle, it is sometimes called a
<i>hand bill</i>; when the handle is long, a <i>hedge bill</i> or
<i>scimiter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"liard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the game of billiards.</def> "Smooth as is a <i>billiard</i> ball."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bil"liards</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>billiard</i>
billiards, OF. <i>billart</i> staff, cue form playing, fr. <i>bille</i>
log. See <u>Billet</u> a stick.] <def>A game played with ivory balls o a
cloth-covered, rectangular table, bounded by elastic cushions. The player
seeks to impel his ball with his cue so that it shall either strike (carom
upon) two other balls, or drive another ball into one of the pockets with
which the table sometimes is furnished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bill"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Caressing;
kissing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"lings*gate`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A market near the Billings gate in London, celebrated for fish and
foul language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coarsely abusive, foul, or profane language;
vituperation; ribaldry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"lion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>billion</i>,
arbitrarily formed fr. L. <i>bis</i> twice, in imitation of <i>million</i>
a million. See <u>Million</u>.] <def>According to the French and American
method of numeration, a thousand millions, or 1,000,000,000; according to
the English method, a million millions, or  1,000,000,000,000. See
<u>Numeration</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bill"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Billmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who uses, or is armed with, a
bill or hooked ax.</def> "A <i>billman</i> of the guard."
<i>Savile.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bil`lon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. Cf. <u>Billet</u> a
stick.] <def>An alloy of gold and silver with a large proportion of copper
or other base metal, used in coinage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"lot</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>billot</i>, dim. of
<i>bille</i>. See <u>Billet</u> a stick.] <def>Bullion in the bar or
mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"low</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>bylgja</i>
billow, Dan. <i>b&ouml;lge</i>, Sw. <i>b&ouml;lja</i>; akin to MHG.
<i>bulge</i> billow, bag, and to E. <i>bulge</i>. See <u>Bulge</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A great wave or surge of the sea or other water,
caused usually by violent wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom the winds waft where'er the <i>billows</i> roll.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A great wave or flood of anything.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bil"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Billowed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Billowing</u>.] <def>To surge; to rise and roll in waves or surges; to
undulate.</def> "The <i>billowing</i> snow."  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bil"low*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
billows; swelling or swollen into large waves; full of billows or surges;
resembling billows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And whitening down the many-tinctured stream,<BR>
Descends the <i>billowy</i> foam.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bill"post`er</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bill"stick"er</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose occupation is to post handbills or
posters in public places.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
club; esp., a policeman's club.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Wool Manuf.)</i> <def>A slubbing or roving
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"ly*boy`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flat-bottomed
river barge or coasting vessel.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bil"ly goat`</hw> (&?;). <def>A male goat.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 146 !></p>

<p><hw>Bi*lo"bate</hw> (b&isl;*l&omacr;"b&asl;t <i>or</i>
b&imacr;"l&osl;*b&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>lobate</i>.] <def>Divided into two lobes or segments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"lobed</hw> (b&imacr;"l&omacr;bd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>bi-</i> + <i>lobe</i>.] <def>Bilobate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`lo*ca"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>location</i>.] <def>Double location; the state or power of being in two
places at the same instant; -- a miraculous power attributed to some of the
saints.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*loc"u*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>locular</i>: cf. F. <i>biloculaire</i>.] <def>Divided into two cells or
compartments; as, a <i>bilocular</i> pericarp.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bil"sted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sweet gum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bil"tong</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [S. African.] <def>Lean
meat cut into strips and sun-dried.</def>  <i>H. R. Haggard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*mac"u*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>maculate</i>, a.] <def>Having, or marked with, two spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bim"a*na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Bimanous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Animals having two hands; -- a
term applied by Cuvier to man as a special order of
<i>Mammalia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bim"a*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice +
<i>manus</i> hand.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having two hands; two-
handed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*mar"gin*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>marginate</i>.] <def>Having a double margin, as certain
shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*mas"tism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + Gr.
<i>&?;</i> breast.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The condition of having two
mamm&aelig; or teats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*me"di*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>medial</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Applied to a line which is the sum of
two lines commensurable only in power (as the side and diagonal of a
square).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*mem"bral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice +
<i>membrum</i> member.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Having two members; as, a
<i>bimembral</i> sentence.</def>  <i>J. W. Gibbs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*men"sal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>mensal</i>.] <def>See <u>Bimonthly</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs.
or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bi*mes"tri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bimestris</i>;
<i>bis</i> twice + <i>mensis</i> month.] <def>Continuing two months.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bi`me*tal"lic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>metallic</i>: cf. F. <i>bim&eacute;tallique</i>.] <def>Of or relating
to, or using, a double metallic standard (as gold and silver) for a system
of coins or currency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*met"al*lism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>bim&eacute;talisme</i>.] <def>The legalized use of two metals (as gold
and silver) in the currency of a country, at a fixed relative value; -- in
opposition to <i>monometallism</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The words <i>bim&eacute;tallisme</i> and
<i>monom&eacute;tallisme</i> are due to M. Cernuschi [1869].
<i>Littr&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*met"al*list</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate of
bimetallism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*month"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>monthly</i>.] <def>Occurring, done, or coming, once in two months; as,
<i>bimonthly</i> visits; <i>bimonthly</i> publications.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A bimonthly publication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*month"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once in two
months.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*mus"cu*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>muscular</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having two adductor muscles, as
a bivalve mollusk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>binne</i>, AS.
<i>binn</i> manager, crib; perh. akin to D. <i>ben</i>, <i>benne</i>,
basket, and to L. <i>benna</i> a kind of carriage ( a Gallic word), W.
<i>benn</i>, <i>men</i>, wain, cart.] <def>A box, frame, crib, or inclosed
place, used as a receptacle for any commodity; as, a corn <i>bin</i>; a
wine <i>bin</i>; a coal <i>bin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Binned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Binning</u>.]
<def>To put into a bin; as, to <i>bin</i> wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bin</hw>. <def>An old form of <u>Be</u> and <u>Been</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bin-</hw>. <def>A euphonic form of the prefix <u>Bi-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Binary</u>.]
<def>Twofold; double.</def> [R.] "<i>Binal</i> revenge, all this."
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bin`ar*se"ni*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bin-</i>
+ <i>arseniate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt having two equivalents of
arsenic acid to one of the base.</def>  <i>Graham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi"na*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>binarius</i>, fr.
<i>bini</i> two by two, two at a time, fr. root of <i>bis</i> twice; akin
to E. <i>two</i>: cf. F. <i>binaire</i>.] <def>Compounded or consisting of
two things or parts; characterized by two (things).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Binary arithmetic</b></col>, <cd>that in which numbers are
expressed according to the binary scale, or in which two figures only,  0
and 1, are used, in lieu of ten; the cipher multiplying everything by two,
as in common arithmetic by ten. Thus, 1 is one; 10 is two; 11 is three; 100
is four, etc.</cd> <i>Davies &amp; Peck.</i> -- <col><b>Binary
compound</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a compound of two elements, or of an
element and a compound performing the function of an element, or of two
compounds performing the function of elements.</cd> -- <col><b>Binary
logarithms</b></col>, <cd>a system of logarithms devised by Euler for
facilitating musical calculations, in which 1 is the logarithm of 2,
instead of 10, as in the common logarithms, and the modulus 1.442695
instead of .43429448.</cd> -- <col><b>Binary measure</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>measure divisible by two or four; common time.</cd> --
<col><b>Binary nomenclature</b></col> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>, <cd>nomenclature
in which the names designate both genus and species.</cd> -- <col><b>Binary
scale</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>a uniform scale of notation whose
ratio is two.</cd> -- <col><b>Binary star</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a
double star whose members have a revolution round their common center of
gravity.</cd> -- <col><b>Binary theory</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
theory that all chemical compounds consist of two constituents of opposite
and unlike qualities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bi"na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is constituted
of two figures, things, or parts; two; duality.</def>  <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi"nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bini</i> two and
two.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Double; growing in pairs or couples.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bin*au"ral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bin-</i> +
<i>aural</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to, or used by, both ears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bind</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Bound</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bound</u>, formerly
<u>Bounden</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Binding</u>.]
[AS. <i>bindan</i>, perfect tense <i>band</i>, <i>bundon</i>, p. p.
<i>bunden</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>binden</i>, Dan. <i>binde</i>, Sw. &
Icel. <i>binda</i>, Goth. <i>bindan</i>, Skr. <i>bandh</i> (for
<i>bhandh</i>) to bind, cf. Gr. <i>&?;</i> (for <i>&?;</i>) cable, and L.
<i>offendix</i>. &radic;90.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tie, or confine
with a cord, band, ligature, chain, etc.; to fetter; to make fast; as, to
<i>bind</i> grain in bundles; to <i>bind</i> a prisoner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To confine, restrain, or hold by physical force
or influence of any kind; as, attraction <i>binds</i> the planets to the
sun; frost <i>binds</i> the earth, or the streams.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>bindeth</i> the floods from overflowing.<BR>
<i>Job xxviii. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom Satan hath <i>bound</i>, lo, these eighteen years.<BR>
<i>Luke xiii. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cover, as with a bandage; to bandage or
dress; -- sometimes with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>bind</i> up a
wound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make fast ( a thing) <i>about</i> or
<i>upon</i> something, as by tying; to encircle <i>with</i> something; as,
to <i>bind</i> a belt about one; to <i>bind</i> a compress upon a
part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To prevent or restrain from customary or natural
action; as, certain drugs <i>bind</i> the bowels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To protect or strengthen by a band or binding,
as the edge of a carpet or garment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To sew or fasten together, and inclose in a
cover; as, to <i>bind</i> a book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To oblige, restrain, or hold, by
authority, law, duty, promise, vow, affection, or other moral tie; as, to
<i>bind</i> the conscience; to <i>bind</i> by kindness; <i>bound</i> by
affection; commerce <i>binds</i> nations to each other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who made our laws to <i>bind</i> us, not himself.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To bring (any
one) under definite legal obligations; esp. under the obligation of a bond
or covenant.</def> <i>Abbott.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To place under
legal obligation to serve; to indenture; as, to <i>bind</i> an apprentice;
-- sometimes with <i>out</i>; as, <i>bound</i> out to service.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To bind over</b></col>, <cd>to put under bonds to do something,
as to appear at court, to keep the peace, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To bind
to</b></col>, <cd>to contract; as, to <i>bind</i> one's self <i>to</i> a
wife.</cd> -- <col><b>To bind up in</b></col>, <cd>to cause to be wholly
engrossed with; to absorb in.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fetter; tie; fasten; restrain; restrict; oblige.</p>

<p><hw>Bind</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
tie; to confine by any ligature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that reap must sheaf and <i>bind</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contract; to grow hard or stiff; to cohere or
stick together in a mass; as, clay <i>binds</i> by heat.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be restrained from motion, or from customary
or natural action, as by friction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To exert a binding or restraining
influence.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bind</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
binds or ties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any twining or climbing plant or stem, esp. a
hop vine; a bine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>Indurated clay, when much mixed
with the oxide of iron.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A ligature or tie for grouping
notes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bind"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who binds; as, a <i>binder</i> of sheaves; one whose trade is to bind; as,
a <i>binder</i> of books.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that binds, as a fillet, cord, rope, or
band; a bandage; -- esp. the principal piece of timber intended to bind
together any building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bind"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where books,
or other articles, are bound; a bookbinder's establishment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bind"heim*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Bindheim</i>, a German who analyzed it.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An amorphous
antimonate of lead, produced from the alteration of other ores, as from
jamesonite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bind"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That binds;
obligatory.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Binding beam</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the main timber in
double flooring.</cd> -- <col><b>Binding joist</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>the secondary timber in double-framed flooring.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Obligatory; restraining; restrictive; stringent;
astringent; costive; styptic.</p>

<p><hw>Bind"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or process of one who, or that which, binds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that binds; a bandage; the cover of a
book, or the cover with the sewing, etc.; something that secures the edge
of cloth from raveling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <pos><i>pl.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
transoms, knees, beams, keelson, and other chief timbers used for
connecting and strengthening the parts of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bind"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
bind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bind"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition or
property of being binding; obligatory quality.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bind"weed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the genus <i>Convolvulus</i>; as, greater <i>bindweed</i> (<i>C.
Sepium</i>); lesser <i>bindweed</i> (<i>C. arvensis</i>); the white, the
blue, the Syrian, <i>bindweed</i>. The black bryony, or <i>Tamus</i>, is
called <i>black bindweed</i>, and the <i>Smilax aspera</i>, <i>rough
bindweed</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fragile <i>bindweed</i> bells and bryony rings.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<u>Bind</u>, cf.
<u>Woodbine</u>.] <def>The winding or twining stem of a hop vine or other
climbing plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*nerv"ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice +
<i>nervus</i> sinew, nerve.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Two-
nerved; -- applied to leaves which have two longitudinal ribs or
nerves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having only two nerves, as
the wings of some insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>bingr</i>, Sw.
<i>binge</i>, G. <i>beige</i>, <i>beuge</i>. Cf. Prov. E. <i>bink</i>
bench, and <i>bench coal</i> the uppermost stratum of coal.] <def>A heap or
pile; as, a <i>bing</i> of wood.</def> "Potato <i>bings</i>." <i>Burns.</i>
"A <i>bing</i> of corn." <i>Surrey.</i> [Obs. or Dial. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Bin*i"o*dide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Diiodide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bink</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bench.</def> [North of
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Bin"na*cle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>bittacle</i>,
corrupted (perh. by influence of <i>bin</i>) fr. Pg. <i>bitacola</i>
binnacle, fr. L. <i>habitaculum</i> dwelling place, fr. <i>habitare</i> to
dwell. See <u>Habit</u>, and cf. <u>Bittacle</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
case or box placed near the helmsman, containing the compass of a ship, and
a light to show it at night.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bin"ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large species of barbel (<i>Barbus bynni</i>), found in the Nile, and much
esteemed for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bin"o*cle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>binocle</i>; L.
<i>bini</i> two at a time + <i>oculus</i> eye.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A
dioptric telescope, fitted with two tubes joining, so as to enable a person
to view an object with both eyes at once; a double-barreled field glass or
an opera glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bin*oc"u*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>binoculaire</i>. See <u>Binocle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having two
eyes.</def> "Most animals are <i>binocular</i>."  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to both eyes; employing both eyes at
once; as, <i>binocular</i> vision.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to the use of both eyes; as, a
<i>binocular</i> microscope or telescope.</def>  <i>Brewster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bin*oc"u*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A binocular
glass, whether opera glass, telescope, or microscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bin*oc"u*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a binocular
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bin*oc"u*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having two
eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*no"mi*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice +
<i>nomen</i> name: cf. F. <i>binome</i>, LL. <i>binomius</i> (or fr. <i>bi-
</i> + Gr. <i>&?;</i> distribution ?). Cf. <u>Monomial</u>.] <i>(Alg.)</i>
<def>An expression consisting of two terms connected by the sign plus (+)
or minus (-); as, <i>a + b</i>, or <i>7 - 3</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*no"mi*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of two terms; pertaining to binomials; as, a
<i>binomial</i> root.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Having two names; -- used of
the system by which every animal and plant receives two names, the one
indicating the genus, the other the species, to which it belongs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Binomial theorem</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>the theorem which
expresses the law of formation of any power of a binomial.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bi*nom"i*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Binomial</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to two names; binomial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*nom"i*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Binominal.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bi*not"o*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bini</i> two
at a time + <i>tonus</i>, fr. Gr. <i>&?;</i>, tone.] <def>Consisting of two
notes; as, a <i>binotonous</i> cry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Binate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bin*ox"a*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bin-</i> +
<i>oxalate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt having two equivalents of
oxalic acid to one of the base; an acid oxalate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bin*ox"ide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bin-</i> +
<i>oxide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Dioxide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bin"tu*rong</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small Asiatic civet of the genus <i>Arctilis</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*nu"cle*ar</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*nu"cle*ate</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>nuclear</i>, <i>nucleate</i>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having two nuclei; as, <i>binucleate</i>
cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*nu"cle*o*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i>
+ <i>nucleolus</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having two nucleoli.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"o*blast</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> life +
<i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Bioplast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*oc"el*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice
+ <i>ocellatus</i>. See <u>Ocellated</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having
two ocelli (eyelike spots); -- said of a wing, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*chem"is*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>
life + E. <i>chemistry</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The chemistry of living
organisms; the chemistry of the processes incidental to, and characteristic
of, life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*dy*nam"ics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>
life + E. <i>dynamics</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The doctrine of vital
forces or energy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"o*gen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> life +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Bioplasm.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi`o*gen"e*sis</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*og"e*ny</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> life + <i>&?;</i>, <i>&?;</i>, birth.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A doctrine that the genesis or
production of living organisms can take place only through the agency of
living germs or parents; -- opposed to <i>abiogenesis</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Life development generally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*ge*net"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to biogenesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*og"e*nist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in the
theory of biogenesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bi`og*no"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> life
+ <i>&?;</i> investigation.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The investigation of
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*og"ra*pher</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who writes
an account or history of the life of a particular person; a writer of
lives, as Plutarch.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi"o*graph"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to biography; containing
biography.</def> -- <wf>Bi`o*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bi*og"ra*phize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To write a
history of the life of.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*og"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Biographies</b></plw> (&?;). [Gr. <i>&?;</i>; <i>&?;</i> life +
<i>&?;</i> to write: cf. F. <i>biographie</i>. See <u>Graphic</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The written history of a person's life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Biographical writings in general.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi`o*log"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi`o*log"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to biology.</def> --
<wf>Bi`o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bi*ol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A student of
biology; one versed in the science of biology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> life +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>biologie</i>.] <def>The science of life; that
branch of knowledge which treats of living matter as distinct from matter
which is not living; the study of living tissue. It has to do with the
origin, structure, development, function, and distribution of animals and
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bi*ol"y*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> life
+ <i>&?;</i> a dissolving.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The destruction of
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*lyt"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> life +
<i>&?;</i> to destroy.] <def>Relating to the destruction of life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*mag*net"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
biomagnetism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*mag"net*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>
life + E. <i>magnetism</i>.] <def>Animal magnetism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*om"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> life +
<i>-metry</i>.] <def>Measurement of life; calculation of the probable
duration of human life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> living,
<pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> of <i>&?;</i> to live.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
physiological individual, characterized by definiteness and independence of
function, in distinction from the morphological individual or
<i>morphon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*on"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.  <i>&?;</i> life +
<i>&?;</i> law.] <def>Physiology.</def> [R.]  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi"o*phor` Bi"o*phore`</hw> } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<i>&?;</i> life + <i>&?;</i> bearing, fr. <i>&?;</i> to bear.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the smaller vital units of a cell, the bearer of
vitality and heredity. See Pangen, in Supplement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"o*plasm</hw> (b&imacr;"&osl;*pl&abreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>bi`os</grk> life + <grk>pla`sma</grk> form, mold, fr.
<grk>pla`ssein</grk> to mold.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A name suggested by Dr.
Beale for the germinal matter supposed to be essential to the functions of
all living beings; the material through which every form of life manifests
itself; unaltered protoplasm.</def></p>

<p><! p. 147 !></p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*plas"mic</hw> (b&imacr;`&osl;*pl&abreve;z"m&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or consisting of,
bioplasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"o*plast</hw> (-pl&abreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>bi`os</grk> life + <grk>pla`ssein</grk> to form.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>A tiny mass of bioplasm, in itself a living unit and having formative
power, as a living white blood corpuscle; bioblast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*plas"tic</hw> (b&imacr;`&osl;*pl&abreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Bioplasmic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*or"gan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> life + E.
<i>organ</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A physiological organ; a living organ;
an organ endowed with function; -- distinguished from
<i>idorgan</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*stat"ics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> life
+ <i>&?;</i>. See <u>Statics</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The physical
phenomena of organized bodies, in opposition to their organic or vital
phenomena.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*sta*tis"tics</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>
life + E. <i>statistics</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Vital
statistics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"o*tax`y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> life +
<i>&?;</i> arrangement.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The classification of living
organisms according to their structural character; taxonomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*ot"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> pert. to
life.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Relating to life; as, the <i>biotic</i>
principle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"o*tite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Biot</i>, a
French naturalist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Mica containing iron and magnesia,
generally of a black or dark green color; -- a common constituent of
crystalline rocks. See <u>Mica</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*pal"mate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>palmate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Palmately branched, with the branches
again palmated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`pa*ri"e*tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>parietal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the diameter of
the cranium, from one parietal fossa to the other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bip"a*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice +
<i>parere</i> to bring forth.] <def>Bringing forth two at a
birth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*part"i*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>bipartible</i>. See <u>Bipartite</u>.] <def>Capable of being divided
into two parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*par"tient</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice +
<i>partiens</i>, <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> of <i>partire</i> to divide.]
<def>Dividing into two parts.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A number
that divides another into two equal parts without a remainder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*par"tile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Divisible into two
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bip"ar*tite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bipartitus</i>,
p. p. of <i>bipartire</i>; <i>bis</i> twice + <i>partire</i>. See
<u>Partite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being in two parts; having two
correspondent parts, as a legal contract or writing, one for each party;
shared by two; as, a <i>bipartite</i> treaty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Divided into two parts almost to the base, as a
leaf; consisting of two parts or subdivisions.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi`par*ti"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
dividing into two parts, or of making two correspondent parts, or the state
of being so divided.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*pec"ti*nate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*pec"ti*na`ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>pectinate</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Having two margins toothed like a comb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"ped</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bipes</i>; <i>bis</i>
twice + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, &?;oot: cf. F. <i>bip&egrave;de</i>.]
<def>A two-footed animal, as man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"ped</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having two feet; two-
footed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By which the man, when heavenly life was ceased,<BR>
Became a helpless, naked, <i>biped</i> beast.<BR>
<i>Byrom.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bip"e*dal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bipedalis</i>: cf.
F. <i>bip&eacute;dal</i>. See <u>Biped</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having two feet; biped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to a biped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*pel"tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>peltate</i>.] <def>Having a shell or covering like a double
shield.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*pen"nate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*pen"na*ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>pennate</i>: cf. L.
<i>bipennis</i>. Cf. <u>Bipinnate</u>.] <def>Having two wings.</def>
"<i>Bipennated</i> insects."  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bi*pen"nis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>An ax with
an edge or blade on each side of the handle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*pet"al*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>petalous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bi`pin*na"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>bis</i> twice + <i>pinna</i> feather.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
larva of certain starfishes as developed in the free-swimming
stage.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*pin"nate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*pin"na*ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>pinnate</i>; cf. F.
<i>bipinn&eacute;</i>. Cf. <u>Bipennate</u>.] <def>Twice pinnate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`pin*nat"i*fid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i>
+ <i>pinnatifid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Doubly pinnatifid.</def></p>

<p>A <i>bipinnatifid leaf</i> is a pinnatifid leaf having its segments or
divisions also pinnatifid. The primary divisions are pinn&aelig; and the
secondary <i>pinnules</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Bip"li*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>plicate</i>.] <def>Twice folded together.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*plic"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being twice folded; reduplication.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*po"lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>polar</i>. Cf. <u>Dipolar</u>.] <def>Doubly polar; having two poles; as,
a <i>bipolar</i> cell or corpuscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`po*lar"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bipolar
quality.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi"pont</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*pont"ine</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bibliog.)</i> <def>Relating to books printed at
Deuxponts, or Bipontium (Zweibr&uuml;cken), in Bavaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*punc"tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>punctate</i>.] <def>Having two punctures, or spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*punc"tu*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having two
points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*pu"pil*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>pupil</i> (of the eye).] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having an eyelike spot
on the wing, with two dots within it of a different color, as in some
butterflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`py*ram"i*dal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>pyramidal</i>.] <def>Consisting of two pyramids placed base to base;
having a pyramid at each of the extremities of a prism, as in quartz
crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*quad"rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>quadrate</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The fourth power, or the square of
the square. Thus 4x4=16, the square of 4, and 16x16=256, the
<i>biquadrate</i> of 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`quad*rat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>quadratic</i>: cf. F. <i>biquadratique</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the biquadrate, or fourth power.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Biquadratic equation</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>an equation of
the fourth degree, or an equation in some term of which the unknown
quantity is raised to the fourth power.</cd> -- <col><b>Biquadratic root of
a number</b></col>, <cd>the square root of the square root of that number.
Thus the square root of 81 is 9, and the square root of 9 is 3, which is
the <i>biquadratic</i> root of 81. Hutton.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bi`quad*rat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A biquadrate.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
biquadratic equation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*quin"tile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>quintile</i>: cf. F. <i>biquintile</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An aspect
of the planets when they are distant from each other by <i>twice the
fifth</i> part of a great circle -- that is, twice 72 degrees.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*ra"di*ate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*ra"di*a`ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>radiate</i>.] <def>Having two
rays; as, a <i>biradiate</i> fin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*ra"mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>ramous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having, or consisting of, two
branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Birch</hw> (b&etilde;rch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Birches</b></plw> (-&ebreve;z). [OE. <i>birche</i>, <i>birk</i>,
AS. <i>birce</i>, <i>beorc</i>; akin to Icel. <i>bj&ouml;rk</i>, Sw.
<i>bj&ouml;rk</i>, Dan. <i>birk</i>, D. <i>berk</i>, OHG. <i>piricha</i>,
MHG. <i>birche</i>, <i>birke</i>, G. <i>birke</i>, Russ. <i>bereza</i>,
Pol. <i>brzoza</i>, Serv. <i>breza</i>, Skr. <i>bh&umacr;rja</i>.
&radic;254. Cf. 1st <u>Birk</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tree of several
species, constituting the genus <i>Betula</i>; as, the white or common
birch (<i>B. alba</i>) (also called silver birch and lady birch); the dwarf
birch (<i>B. glandulosa</i>); the paper or canoe birch (<i>B.
papyracea</i>); the yellow birch (<i>B. lutea</i>); the black or cherry
birch (<i>B. lenta</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The wood or timber of the birch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A birch twig or birch twigs, used for
flogging.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The twigs of the common European birch (B. alba), being tough and
slender, were formerly much used for rods in schools. They were also made
into brooms.</p>

<p><blockquote>The threatening twigs of <i>birch</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A birch-bark canoe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Birch of Jamaica</b></col>, <cd>a species (<i>Bursera
gummifera</i>) of turpentine tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Birch
partridge</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Ruffed grouse</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Birch wine</b></col>, <cd>wine made of the spring sap of the
birch.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil of birch</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An
oil obtained from the bark of the common European birch (<i>Betula
alba</i>), and used in the preparation of genuine (and sometimes of the
imitation) Russia leather, to which it gives its peculiar odor.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An oil prepared from the black birch (<i>B.
lenta</i>), said to be identical with the oil of wintergreen, for which it
is largely sold.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Birch</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the birch;
birchen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Birch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Birched</u> (b&etilde;rcht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Birching</u>.] <def>To whip with a birch rod or twig; to flog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Birch"en</hw> (b&etilde;rch"'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
relating to birch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He passed where Newark's stately tower<BR>
Looks out from Yarrow's <i>birchen</i> bower.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bird</hw> (b&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brid</i>,
<i>bred</i>, <i>bird</i>, young bird, bird, AS. <i>bridd</i> young bird.
&radic;92.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Orig., a chicken; the young of a fowl;
a young eaglet; a nestling; and hence, a feathered flying animal (see
2).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That ungentle gull, the cuckoo's <i>bird</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>brydds</i> [birds] of the aier have nestes.<BR>
<i>Tyndale (Matt. viii. 20).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A warm-blooded, feathered
vertebrate provided with wings. See <u>Aves</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, among sportsmen, a game
bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A girl; a maiden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And by my word! the bonny <i>bird</i><BR>
In danger shall not tarry.<BR>
<i>Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Arabian bird</b></col>, <cd>the phenix.</cd> -- <col><b>Bird of
Jove</b></col>, <cd>the eagle.</cd> -- <col><b>Bird of Juno</b></col>,
<cd>the peacock.</cd> -- <col><b>Bird louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a wingless insect of the group Mallophaga, of which the genera and
species are very numerous and mostly parasitic upon birds. -- Bird mite
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, a small mite (genera <i>Dermanyssus</i>,
<i>Dermaleichus</i> and allies) parasitic upon birds. The species are
numerous.</cd> -- <col><b>Bird of passage</b></col>, <cd>a migratory
bird.</cd> -- <col><b>Bird spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very
large South American spider (<i>Mygale avicularia</i>). It is said
sometimes to capture and kill small birds.</cd> -- <col><b>Bird
tick</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a dipterous insect parasitic upon
birds (genus <i>Ornithomyia</i>, and allies), usually winged.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bird</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
catch or shoot birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To seek for game or plunder; to
thieve.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bird"bolt`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short blunt arrow
for killing birds without piercing them.</def> Hence: <def>Anything which
smites without penetrating.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bird" cage"</hw>, or <hw>Bird"cage`</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cage for confining birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird"call`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sound made in imitation of the note or cry of a bird for the purpose
of decoying the bird or its mate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument of any kind, as a whistle, used in
making the sound of a birdcall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird"catch`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
employment it is to catch birds; a fowler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird"catch`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art, act, or
occupation or catching birds or wild fowls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird" cher`ry</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A shrub (<i>Prunus
Padus</i> ) found in Northern and Central Europe. It bears small black
cherries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
birdcatcher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird"-eyed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Quick-sighted;
catching a glance as one goes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird" fan`ci*er</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who takes
pleasure in rearing or collecting rare or curious birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has for sale the various kinds of birds
which are kept in cages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird"ie</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pretty or dear
little bird; -- a pet name.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bird"i*kin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young bird.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bird"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Birdcatching or
fowling.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Birding piece</b></col>, <cd>a fowling piece.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bird"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little bird; a
nestling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird"like`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird"lime`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bird</i> +
<i>lime</i> viscous substance.] <def>An extremely adhesive viscid
substance, usually made of the middle bark of the holly, by boiling,
fermenting, and cleansing it. When a twig is smeared with this substance it
will hold small birds which may light upon it. Hence: Anything which
insnares.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>birdlime</i> or Idean pitch produce<BR>
A more tenacious mass of clammy juice.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Birdlime</i> is also made from mistletoe, elder, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Bird"lime`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To smear with
birdlime; to catch with birdlime; to insnare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the heart is thus <i>birdlimed</i>, then it cleaves to
everything it meets with.<BR>
<i>Coodwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bird"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little bird; a
nestling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fowler or
birdcatcher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird" of par"a*dise</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The name of
several very beautiful birds of the genus <i>Paradisea</i> and allied
genera, inhabiting New Guinea and the adjacent islands. The males have
brilliant colors, elegant plumes, and often remarkable tail
feathers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Great emerald</i> (<i>Paradisea apoda</i>) and the
<i>Lesser emerald</i> (<i>P. minor</i>) furnish many of the plumes used as
ornaments by ladies; the <i>Red</i> is <i>P. rubra or sanguinea</i>; the
<i>Golden</i> is <i>Parotia aurea or sexsetacea</i>; the <i>King</i> is
<i>Cincinnurus regius</i>.</p>

<p>The name is also applied to the longer-billed birds of another related
group (<i>Epimachin&aelig;</i>) from the same region. The Twelve-wired
(<i>Seleucides alba</i>) is one of these. See <u>Paradise bird</u>, and
Note under <u>Apod</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bird" pep`per</hw> (&?;). <def>A species of capsicum (<i>Capsicum
baccatum</i>), whose small, conical, coral-red fruit is among the most
piquant of all red peppers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird's"-beak`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
molding whose section is thought to resemble a beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird"seed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Canary seed, hemp,
millet or other small seeds used for feeding caged birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird's"-eye`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Seen from above, as if by a flying bird; embraced at a glance; hence,
general; not minute, or entering into details; as, a <i>bird's-eye</i>
view.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Marked with spots resembling bird's eyes; as,
<i>bird's-eye</i> diaper; <i>bird's-eye</i> maple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird's"-eye`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant
with a small bright flower, as the Adonis or pheasant's eye, the mealy
primrose (<i>Primula farinosa</i>), and species of Veronica, Geranium,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird's"-eye` ma"ple</hw> (&?;). <def>See under
<u>Maple</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird's"-foot`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
papilionaceous plant, the <i>Ornithopus</i>, having a curved, cylindrical
pod tipped with a short, clawlike point.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bird's-foot trefoil</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A genus of plants (<i>Lotus</i>) with clawlike pods. <i>L.
corniculatas</i>, with yellow flowers, is very common in Great
Britain.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>the related plant, <i>Trigonella
ornithopodioides</i>, is also European.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bird's-mouth`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>An interior angle or notch cut across a piece of timber, for the
reception of the edge of another, as that in a rafter to be laid on a
plate; -- commonly called <i>crow's-foot</i> in the United
States.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bird's" nest`</hw>, or <hw>Bird's-nest</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The nest in which a bird lays
eggs and hatches her young.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>The nest of a small swallow
(<i>Collocalia nidifica</i> and several allied species), of China and the
neighboring countries, which is mixed with soups.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The nests are found in caverns and fissures of cliffs on rocky
coasts, and are composed in part of alg&aelig;. They are of the size of a
goose egg, and in substance resemble isinglass. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Edible</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 148 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An orchideous plant with matted
roots, of the genus <i>Neottia</i> (<i>N. nidus-avis.</i>)</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bird's-nest pudding</b></col>, <cd>a pudding containing apples
whose cores have been replaced by sugar.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow bird's
nest</b></col>, <cd>a plant, the <i>Monotropa hypopitys</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bird's-nest`ing</hw> (b&etilde;rdz"n&ebreve;st`&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hunting for, or taking, birds' nests or their
contents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird's"-tongue`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The knotgrass (<i>Polygonum aviculare</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird"-wit`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Flighty; passing
rapidly from one subject to another; not having the faculty of
attention.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi`rec*tan"gu*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i>
+ <i>rectangular</i>.] <def>Containing or having two right angles; as, a
<i>birectangular</i> spherical triangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"reme</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>biremis</i>;
<i>bis</i> twice + <i>remus</i> oar: cf. F. <i>bir&egrave;me</i>.] <def>An
ancient galley or vessel with two banks or tiers of oars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*ret"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Berretta</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bir"gan*der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bergander</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Birk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Birch</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A birch tree.</def> [Prov. Eng.] "The silver
<i>birk</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Birk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
European minnow (<i>Leuciscus phoxinus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Birk"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From  1st <u>Birk</u>.]
<def>To whip with a birch or rod.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Birk"en</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Birchen; as, <i>birken</i>
groves.</def>  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bir"kie</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lively or mettlesome
fellow.</def> [Jocular, Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Birl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To revolve or
cause to revolve; to spin.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Birl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>byrlian</i>.
&radic;92.] <def>To pour (beer or wine); to ply with drink; to drink; to
carouse.</def> [Obs. or Dial.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bir"law</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>By</u><u>-law</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A law made by husbandmen respecting rural affairs; a
rustic or local law or by-law.</def> [Written also <i>byrlaw</i>,
<i>birlie</i>, <i>birley</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*ros`trate</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*ros"tra*ted</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>rostrate</i>.] <def>Having a
double beak, or two processes resembling beaks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The capsule is bilocular and <i>birostrated</i>.<BR>
<i>Ed. Encyc.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Birr</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Birred</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Birring</u>.] [Cf. OE. <i>bur</i>, <i>bir</i>, wind, storm wind, fr.
Icel. <i>byrr</i> wind. Perh. imitative.] <def>To make, or move with, a
whirring noise, as of wheels in motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Birr</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A whirring
sound, as of a spinning wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rush or impetus; force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bir"rus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L. <i>birrus</i>
a kind of cloak. See <u>Berretta</u>.] <def>A coarse kind of thick woolen
cloth, worn by the poor in the Middle Ages; also, a woolen cap or hood worn
over the shoulders or over the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Birse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bristle or
bristles.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Birt</hw> (b&etilde;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>byrte</i>; cf.
F. <i>bertonneau</i>. Cf. <u>Bret</u>, <u>Burt</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A fish of the turbot kind; the brill.</def>  [Written also
<i>burt</i>, <i>bret</i>, or <i>brut</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Birth</hw> (b&etilde;rth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>burth</i>,
<i>birth</i>, AS. <i>beor&edt;</i>, <i>gebyrd</i>, fr. <i>beran</i> to
bear, bring forth; akin to D. <i>geboorte</i>, OHG. <i>burt</i>,
<i>giburt</i>, G. <i>geburt</i>, Icel. <i>bur&eth;r</i>, Skr. <i>bhrti</i>
bearing, supporting; cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>beirthe</i> born, brought forth.
&radic;92. See 1st <u>Bear</u>, and cf. <u>Berth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or fact of coming into life, or of being born; -- generally
applied to human beings; as, the <i>birth</i> of a son.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lineage; extraction; descent; sometimes, high
birth; noble extraction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Elected without reference to <i>birth</i>, but solely for
qualifications.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The condition to which a person is born; natural
state or position; inherited disposition or tendency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A foe by <i>birth</i> to Troy's unhappy name.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of bringing forth; as, she had two
children at a <i>birth</i>.</def> "At her next <i>birth</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is born; that which is produced,
whether animal or vegetable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Poets are far rarer <i>births</i> than kings.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Others hatch their eggs and tend the <i>birth</i> till it is
able to shift for itself.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Origin; beginning; as, the <i>birth</i> of an
empire.</def></p>

<p><col><b>New birth</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>regeneration, or the
commencement of a religious life.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Parentage; extraction; lineage; race; family.</p>

<p><hw>Birth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Berth</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Birth"day`</hw> (b&etilde;rth"d&amacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The day in which any person is born; day of origin
or commencement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those barbarous ages past, succeeded next<BR>
The <i>birthday</i> of invention.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The day of the month in which a person was born,
in whatever succeeding year it may recur; the anniversary of one's
birth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is my <i>birthday</i>; as this very day<BR>
Was Cassius born.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Birth"day`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
day of birth, or its anniversary; as, <i>birthday</i> gifts or
festivities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Birth"dom</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Birth</i> + <i>-
dom</i>.] <def>The land of one's birth; one's inheritance.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Birth"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Anything
added to raise the sides of a ship.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Birth"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of mean extraction.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Birth"mark`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Some peculiar mark
or blemish on the body at birth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most part of this noble lineage carried upon their body for
a natural <i>birthmark</i>, . . . a snake.<BR>
<i>Sir T. North.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Birth"night`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The night in
which a person is born; the anniversary of that night in succeeding
years.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The angelic song in Bethlehem field,<BR>
On thy <i>birthnight</i>, that sung thee Savior born.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Birth"place`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The town, city,
or country, where a person is born; place of origin or birth, in its more
general sense.</def> "The <i>birthplace</i> of valor."  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Birth"right`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any right,
privilege, or possession to which a person is entitled by birth, such as an
estate descendible by law to an heir, or civil liberty under a free
constitution; esp. the rights or inheritance of the first born.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest there be any . . . profane person, as Esau, who for one
morsel of meat sold his <i>birthright</i>.<BR>
<i>Heb. xii. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Birth"root`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
herbaceous plant (<i>Trillium erectum</i>), and its astringent rootstock,
which is said to have medicinal properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Birth"wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A genus of herbs
and shrubs (<i>Aristolochia</i>), reputed to have medicinal
properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice, for
<i>duis</i>, fr. root of <i>duo</i> two. See <u>Two</u>, and cf. <u>Bi-
</u>.] <def>Twice; -- a word showing that something is, or is to be,
repeated; as a passage of music, or an item in accounts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis-</hw>, <pos><i>pref.</i></pos> <def>A form of <u>Bi-</u>,
sometimes used before <i>s</i>, <i>c</i>, or a vowel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"sa an"te*lope</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Oryx</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sac"cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>saccate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two little bags, sacs, or
pouches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis*cay"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Biscay in Spain.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A native or inhabitant
of Biscay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis"co*tin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>biscotin</i>. See
<u>Biscuit</u>.] <def>A confection made of flour, sugar, marmalade, and
eggs; a sweet biscuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis"cuit</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>biscuit</i> (cf.
It. <i>biscotto</i>, Sp. <i>bizcocho</i>, Pg. <i>biscouto</i>), fr. L.
<i>bis</i> twice + <i>coctus</i>, p. p. of <i>coquere</i> to cook, bake.
See <u>Cook</u>, and cf. <u>Bisque</u> a kind of porcelain.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of unraised bread, of many varieties, plain,
sweet, or fancy, formed into flat cakes, and bakes hard; as, ship
<i>biscuit</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>According to military practice, the bread or <i>biscuit</i>
of the Romans was twice prepared in the oven.<BR>
<i>Gibbon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small loaf or cake of bread, raised and
shortened, or made light with soda or baking powder. Usually a number are
baked in the same pan, forming a sheet or card.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Earthen ware or porcelain which has undergone
the first baking, before it is subjected to the glazing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Sculp.)</i> <def>A species of white, unglazed
porcelain, in which vases, figures, and groups are formed in
miniature.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Meat biscuit</b></col>, <cd>an alimentary preparation consisting
of matters extracted from meat by boiling, or of meat ground fine and
combined with flour, so as to form biscuits.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bi*scu"tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>scutate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling two bucklers placed side by
side.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bise</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A cold north wind
which prevails on the northern coasts of the Mediterranean and in
Switzerland, etc.; -- nearly the same as the <i>mistral</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bise</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>See
<u>Bice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sect"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bisected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bisecting</u>.] [L. <i>bis</i> twice + <i>secare</i>, <i>sectum</i>, to
cut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut or divide into two parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>To divide into two equal
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sec"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>bissection</i>.] <def>Division into two parts, esp. two equal
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sec"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, bisects; esp. <i>(Geom.)</i> a straight line which bisects an
angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sec"trix</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The line bisecting
the angle between the optic axes of a biaxial crystal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*seg"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>segment</i>.] <def>One of tow equal parts of a line, or other
magnitude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sep"tate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>septate</i>.] <def>With two partitions or septa.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*se"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*se"ri*ate</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>serial</i>, <i>seriate</i>.]
<def>In two rows or series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*ser"rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>serrate</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Doubly serrate, or
having the serratures serrate, as in some leaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Serrate on both sides, as
some antenn&aelig;.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*se"tose</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*se"tous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>setose</i>, <i>setous</i>.]
<def>Having two bristles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sex"ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice +
<i>sexus</i> sex: cf. F. <i>bissexe</i>.] <def>Bisexual.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sex"u*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>sexual</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of both sexes; hermaphrodite; as a
flower with stamens and pistil, or an animal having ovaries and
testes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sex"u*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Bisexual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*seye"</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Besee</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Evil biseye</b></col>, <cd>ill looking.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bikh</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bish"op</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bischop</i>,
<i>biscop</i>, <i>bisceop</i>, AS. <i>bisceop</i>, <i>biscop</i>, L.
<i>episcopus</i> overseer, superintendent, bishop, fr. Gr. <i>&?;</i>,
<i>&?;</i> over + <i>&?;</i> inspector, fr. root of <i>&?;</i>, <i>&?;</i>,
to look to, perh.  akin to L. <i>specere</i> to look at. See <u>Spy</u>,
and cf. <u>Episcopal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spiritual overseer, superintendent, or
director.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye were as sheep going astray; but are now returned unto the
Shepherd and <i>Bishop</i> of your souls.<BR>
<i>1 Pet. ii. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a fact now generally recognized by theologians of all
shades of opinion, that in the language of the New Testament the same
officer in the church is called indifferently "bishop" ( &?; ) and "elder"
or "presbyter."<BR>
<i>J. B. Lightfoot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the Roman Catholic, Greek, and Anglican or
Protestant Episcopal churches, one ordained to the highest order of the
ministry, superior to the priesthood, and generally claiming to be a
successor of the Apostles. The bishop is usually the spiritual head or
ruler of a diocese, bishopric, or see.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bishop in partibus</b></col> [<col><b>infidelium</b></col>]
<i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>a bishop of a see which does not actually exist;
one who has the office of bishop, without especial jurisdiction.</cd>
<i>Shipley.</i> -- <col><b>Titular bishop</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>,
<cd>a term officially substituted in 1882 for bishop in partibus.</cd> --
<col><b>Bench of Bishops</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bench</u>.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In the Methodist Episcopal and some other
churches, one of the highest church officers or superintendents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece used in the game of chess, bearing a
representation of a bishop's miter; -- formerly called
<i>archer</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A beverage, being a mixture of wine, oranges or
lemons, and sugar.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An old name for a woman's bustle.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If, by her <i>bishop</i>, or her "grace" alone,<BR>
A genuine lady, or a church, is known.<BR>
<i>Saxe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bish"op</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bishoped</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bishoping</u>.] <def>To admit into the church by confirmation; to
confirm; hence, to receive formally to favor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bish"op</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bishoped</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bishoping</u>.] [From the name of the scoundrel who first practiced it.
<i>Youatt</i>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>To make seem younger, by operating on
the teeth; as, to <i>bishop</i> an old horse or his teeth.</def></p>

<p>The plan adopted is to cut off all the nippers with a saw to the proper
length, and then with a cutting instrument the operator scoops out an oval
cavity in the corner nippers, which is afterwards burnt with a hot iron
until it is black.  <i>J. H. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bish"op*dom</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Jurisdiction of a
bishop; episcopate.</def> "Divine right of <i>bishopdom</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bish"op*like`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
bishop; belonging to a bishop.</def>  <i>Fulke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bish"op*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bishoplike;
episcopal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bish"op*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of a
bishop.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bish"op*ric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>bisceopr&imacr;ce</i>; <i>bisceop</i> bishop + <i>r&imacr;ce</i>
dominion. See <u>-ric</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A diocese; the district
over which the jurisdiction of a bishop extends.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The office of a spiritual overseer, as of an
apostle, bishop, or presbyter.</def>  <i>Acts i. 20.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bish"op's cap`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Mitella</i>; miterwort.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bish"op sleeve`</hw> (&?;). <def>A wide sleeve, once worn by
women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bish"op's length`</hw> (&?;). <def>A canvas for a portrait measuring
58 by 94 inches. The half bishop measures 45 by 56.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bish"op-stool`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bishop's seat
or see.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bish"op's-weed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An umbelliferous plant of the genus
<i>Ammi.</i></def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Goutweed (<i>&AElig;gopodium
podagraria</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bish"op's-wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Wood betony (<i>Stachys betonica</i>); also, the plant called fennel
flower (<i>Nigella Damascena</i>), or devil-in-a-bush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis"ie</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To busy; to
employ.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bi*sil"i*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min. Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of metasilicic acid; -- so called because the ratio of the
oxygen of the silica to the oxygen of the base is as two to one. The
bisilicates include many of the most common and important
minerals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bisk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bisque</i>.] <def>Soup
or broth made by boiling several sorts of flesh together.</def>
<i>King.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bisk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bisque</i>.] <i>(Tennis)</i>
<def>See <u>Bisque</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*smare"</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bi*smer"</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bismer</i>.] <def>Shame; abuse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bis"mer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
rule steelyard.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fifteen-spined
(<i>Gasterosteus spinachia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bis*mil"lah</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Arabic, in the
name of God!] <def>An adjuration or exclamation common among the
Mohammedans.</def> [Written also <i>Bizmillah</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bis"mite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Bismuth
trioxide, or bismuth ocher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis"muth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ger. <i>bismuth</i>,
<i>wismuth</i>: cf. F. <i>bismuth</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the
elements; a metal of a reddish white color, crystallizing in rhombohedrons.
It is somewhat harder than lead, and rather brittle; masses show broad
cleavage surfaces when broken across. It melts at 507&deg; Fahr., being
easily fused in the flame of a candle. It is found in a native state, and
as a constituent of some minerals. Specific gravity 9.8. Atomic weight
207.5. Symbol Bi.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Chemically, bismuth (with arsenic and antimony is intermediate
between the metals and nonmetals; it is used in thermo-electric piles, and
as an alloy with lead and tin in the fusible alloy or metal. Bismuth is the
most diamagnetic substance known.</p>

<p><col><b>Bismuth glance</b></col>, <cd>bismuth sulphide;
bismuthinite.</cd> -- <col><b>Bismuth ocher</b></col>, <cd>a native bismuth
oxide; bismite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bis"muth*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
bismuth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis"muth*ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to bismuth; containing bismuth, when this element has its
higher valence; as, <i>bismuthic</i> oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis`muth*if"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Bismuth</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Containing bismuth.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bis"muth*ine</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bis"muth*in*ite</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Native bismuth sulphide; -- sometimes called
<i>bismuthite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis"muth*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, or
containing, bismuth, when this element has its lower valence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis"muth*yl`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Hydrous carbonate of bismuth, an earthy mineral of a dull white or
yellowish color.</def> [Written also <i>bismuthite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bi"son</hw> (b&imacr;"s&obreve;n; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>bison</i>, Gr. <grk>bi`swn</grk>, a wild ox; akin to OHG. <i>wisunt</i>,
<i>wisant</i>, G. <i>wisent</i>, AS. <i>wesend</i>, Icel.
<i>v&imacr;sundr</i>: cf. F. <i>bison</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The aurochs or European bison.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The American bison buffalo (<i>Bison
Americanus</i>), a large, gregarious bovine quadruped with shaggy mane and
short black horns, which formerly roamed in herds over most of the
temperate portion of North America, but is now restricted to very limited
districts in the region of the Rocky Mountains, and is rapidly decreasing
in numbers.</def></p>

<p><! p. 149 !></p>

<p><hw>Bi*spi"nose</hw> (b&imacr;*sp&imacr;"n&omacr;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> + <i>spinose</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having two spines.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bisque</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>biscuit</i>.] <def>Unglazed white porcelain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bisque</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A point taken by the
receiver of odds in the game of tennis; also, an extra innings allowed to a
weaker player in croquet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bisque</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A white soup made of
crayfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis*sex"tile</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bissextilis</i>
annus, fr. <i>bissextus</i> (<i>bis</i> + <i>sextus</i> sixth, fr.
<i>sex</i> six) the sixth of the calends of March, or twenty-fourth day of
February, which was reckoned twice every fourth year, by the intercalation
of a day.] <def>Leap year; every fourth year, in which a day is added to
the month of February on account of the excess of the tropical year (365 d.
5 h. 48 m. 46 s.) above 365 days. But one day added every four years is
equivalent to six hours each year, which is 11 m. 14 s. more than the
excess of the real year. Hence, it is necessary to suppress the bissextile
day at the end of every century which is not divisible by 400, while it is
retained at the end of those which are divisible by 400.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis*sex"tile</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to leap
year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis"son</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bisen</i>,
<i>bisne</i>, AS. <i>bisen</i>, prob. for <i>b&imacr;s&?;ne</i>; <i>bi</i>
by + <i>s&?;ne</i> clear, akin to <i>se&oacute;n</i> to see; clear when
near, hence short-sighted. See <u>See</u>.] <def>Purblind; blinding.</def>
[Obs.]  "<i>Bisson</i> rheum."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bis"ter</hw>, <hw>Bis"tre</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>bistre</i> a color made of soot; of unknown origin. Cf., however, LG.
<i>biester</i> frowning, dark, ugly.] <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A dark brown
pigment extracted from the soot of wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*stip"uled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>stipule</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two stipules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis"tort</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> +
<i>tortus</i>, p. p. of <i>torquere</i> to twist: cf. F. <i>bistorte</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An herbaceous plant of the genus <i>Polygonum</i>,
section <i>Bistorta</i>; snakeweed; adderwort. Its root is used in medicine
as an astringent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis"tou*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bistouries</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>bistouri</i>.] <def>A surgical
instrument consisting of a slender knife, either straight or curved,
generally used by introducing it beneath the part to be divided, and
cutting towards the surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis"tre</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bister</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sul"cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>sulcate</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having two grooves or
furrows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Cloven; said of a foot or
hoof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sul"cous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bisulcus</i>;
<i>bis</i> twice + <i>sulcus</i> furrow.] <def>Bisulcate.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sul"phate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>sulphate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sulphate in which but half the
hydrogen of the acid is replaced by a positive element or radical, thus
making the proportion of the acid to the positive or basic portion twice
what it is in the normal sulphates; an acid sulphate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sul"phide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>sulphide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sulphide having two atoms of
sulphur in the molecule; a disulphide, as in iron pyrites, FeS2; -- less
frequently called <i>bisulphuret</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sul"phite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of sulphurous acid in which the base replaces but half the hydrogen of
the acid; an acid sulphite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*sul"phu*ret</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>sulphuret</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Bisulphide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bitt</i>, <i>bite</i>,
AS. <i>bite</i>, bite, fr. <i>b&imacr;tan</i> to bite. See <u>Bite</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Bit</u> a morsel.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part of a bridle, usually of iron, which is
inserted in the mouth of a horse, and having appendages to which the reins
are fastened.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The foamy bridle with the <i>bit</i> of gold.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Anything which curbs or
restrains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bitted</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bitting</u>.]
<def>To put a bridle upon; to put the bit in the mouth of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Bite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bite</i>, AS. <i>bita</i>,
fr. <i>b&imacr;tan</i> to bite; akin to D. <i>beet</i>, G. <i>bissen</i>
bit, morsel, Icel. <i>biti</i>. See <u>Bite</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Bit</u> part of a bridle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A part of
anything, such as may be bitten off or taken into the mouth; a morsel; a
bite. Hence: A small piece of anything; a little; a mite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Somewhat; something, but not very
great.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My young companion was a <i>bit</i> of a poet.<BR>
<i>T. Hook.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; This word is used, also, like <i>jot</i> and <i>whit</i>, to
express the smallest degree; as, he is not a <i>bit</i> wiser.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tool for boring, of various forms and sizes,
usually turned by means of a brace or bitstock. See
<u>Bitstock</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The part of a key which enters the lock and acts
upon the bolt and tumblers.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The cutting iron of a plane.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In the Southern and Southwestern States, a small
silver coin (as the real) formerly current; commonly, one worth about 12
1/2 cents; also, the sum of 12 1/2 cents.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bit my bit</b></col>, <cd>piecemeal.</cd>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bit</hw>, <def><pos><i>3d sing. pr.</i></pos> of <u>Bid</u>, for
<i>biddeth</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*take"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Betake</u>,
<u>Betaught</u>.] <def>To commend; to commit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*tan"gent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>tangent</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Possessing the property of touching at
two points.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A line that touches a curve
in two points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*tar"trate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of tartaric acid in which the base replaces but half the acid
hydrogen; an acid tartrate, as cream of tartar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bitch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>biche</i>,
<i>bicche</i>, AS. <i>bicce</i>; cf. Icel. <i>bikkja</i>, G. <i>betze</i>,
<i>peize</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The female of the canine kind, as of
the dog, wolf, and fox.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An opprobrious name for a woman, especially a
lewd woman.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Bit</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bitten</u> (&?;), <u>Bit</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Biting</u>.] [OE. <i>biten</i>, AS.
<i>b&imacr;tan</i>; akin to D. <i>bijten</i>, OS. <i>b&imacr;tan</i>, OHG.
<i>b&imacr;zan</i>, G. <i>beissen</i>, Goth. <i>beitan</i>, Icel.
<i>b&imacr;ta</i>, Sw. <i>bita</i>, Dan. <i>bide</i>, L. <i>findere</i> to
cleave, Skr. <i>bhid</i> to cleave. &radic;87. Cf. <u>Fissure</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To seize with the teeth, so that they enter or
nip the thing seized; to lacerate, crush, or wound with the teeth; as, to
<i>bite</i> an apple; to <i>bite</i> a crust; the dog <i>bit</i> a
man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such smiling rogues as these,<BR>
Like rats, oft <i>bite</i> the holy cords atwain.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To puncture, abrade, or sting with an organ (of
some insects) used in taking food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause sharp pain, or smarting, to; to hurt or
injure, in a literal or a figurative sense; as, pepper <i>bites</i> the
mouth.</def> "Frosts do <i>bite</i> the meads."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cheat; to trick; to take in.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To take hold of; to hold fast; to adhere to; as,
the anchor <i>bites</i> the ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The last screw of the rack having been turned so often that
its purchase crumbled, . . . it turned and turned with nothing to
<i>bite</i>.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To bite the dust</b></col>, <col><b>To bite the
ground</b></col>, <cd>to fall in the agonies of death; as, he made his
enemy <i>bite the dust</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To bite in</b></col>
<i>(Etching)</i>, <cd>to corrode or eat into metallic plates by means of an
acid.</cd> -- <col><b>To bite the thumb at</b></col> (any one),
<cd>formerly a mark of contempt, designed to provoke a quarrel; to
defy.</cd>  "Do you <i>bite your thumb at</i> us?" <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>To bite the tongue</b></col>, <cd>to keep silence.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
seize something forcibly with the teeth; to wound with the teeth; to have
the habit of so doing; as, does the dog <i>bite</i>?</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause a smarting sensation; to have a
property which causes such a sensation; to be pungent; as, it <i>bites</i>
like pepper or mustard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause sharp pain; to produce anguish; to hurt
or injure; to have the property of so doing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the last it [wine] <i>biteth</i> like serpent, and
stingeth like an adder.<BR>
<i>Prov. xxiii. 32.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take a bait into the mouth, as a fish does;
hence, to take a tempting offer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To take or keep a firm hold; as, the anchor
<i>bites</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bite</i>, <i>bit</i>,
<i>bitt</i>, AS. <i>bite</i> bite, fr. <i>b&imacr;tan</i> to bite, akin to
Icel. <i>bit</i>, OS. <i>biti</i>, G. <i>biss</i>. See <u>Bite</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Bit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of seizing with the teeth or mouth; the act of wounding or separating with
the teeth or mouth; a seizure with the teeth or mouth, as of a bait; as, to
give anything a hard <i>bite</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have known a very good fisher angle diligently four or six
hours for a river carp, and not have a <i>bite</i>.<BR>
<i>Walton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of puncturing or abrading with an organ
for taking food, as is done by some insects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The wound made by biting; as, the pain of a
dog's or snake's <i>bite</i>; the <i>bite</i> of a mosquito.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A morsel; as much as is taken at once by
biting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The hold which the short end of a lever has upon
the thing to be lifted, or the hold which one part of a machine has upon
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A cheat; a trick; a fraud.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The baser methods of getting money by fraud and <i>bite</i>,
by deceiving and overreaching.<BR>
<i>Humorist.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A sharper; one who cheats.</def> [Slang]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A blank on the edge or corner of
a page, owing to a portion of the frisket, or something else, intervening
between the type and paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, bites; that which bites often, or is inclined to bite,
as a dog or fish.</def> "Great barkers are no <i>biters</i>."
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who cheats; a sharper.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*ter"nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>ternate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Doubly ternate, as when a petiole has
three ternate leaflets.</def> -- <wf>Bi*ter"nate*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi"the*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>theism</i>.] <def>Belief in the existence of two gods;
dualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That bites; sharp;
cutting; sarcastic; caustic.</def> "A <i>biting</i> affliction."  "A
<i>biting</i> jest."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ing in"</hw> (&?;). <i>(Etching.)</i> <def>The process of
corroding or eating into metallic plates, by means of an acid. See
<u>Etch</u>.</def>  <i>G. Francis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a biting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having a bit or
bridle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"stock`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stock or handle
for holding and rotating a bit; a brace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bitt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Bitts</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bitt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Bitts</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To put round the bitts; as, to bitt the cable, in order
to fasten it or to slacken it gradually, which is called <i>veering
away</i>.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ta*cle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A binnacle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bit"ten</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Bite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ten</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Terminating abruptly, as if bitten off; premorse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bitts</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>AA turn of the cable which is round the
bitts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bitter end</b></col>, <cd>that part of a cable which is abaft
the bitts, and so within board, when the ship rides at anchor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>biter</i>; akin to
Goth. <i>baitrs</i>, Icel. <i>bitr</i>, Dan., Sw., D., &amp; G. <i>bitter</i>,
OS. <i>bittar</i>, fr. root of E. <i>bite</i>. See <u>Bite</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a peculiar, acrid, biting
taste, like that of wormwood or an infusion of hops; as, a <i>bitter</i>
medicine; <i>bitter</i> as aloes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing pain or smart; piercing; painful; sharp;
severe; as, a <i>bitter</i> cold day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Causing, or fitted to cause, pain or distress to
the mind; calamitous; poignant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is an evil thing and <i>bitter</i>, that thou hast
forsaken the Lord thy God.<BR>
<i>Jer. ii. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by sharpness, severity, or
cruelty; harsh; stern; virulent; as, <i>bitter</i> reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Husbands, love your wives, and be not <i>bitter</i> against
them.<BR>
<i>Col. iii. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Mournful; sad; distressing; painful;
pitiable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Egyptians . . . made their lives <i>bitter</i> with hard
bondage.<BR>
<i>Ex. i. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bitter apple</b></col>, <col><b>Bitter cucumber</b></col>,
<col><b>Bitter gourd</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Colocynth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bitter cress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a plant of the genus <i>Cardamine</i>, esp. <i>C. amara</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bitter earth</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>tale earth; calcined
magnesia.</cd> -- <col><b>Bitter principles</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
class of substances, extracted from vegetable products, having strong
bitter taste but with no sharply defined chemical characteristics.</cd> --
<col><b>Bitter salt</b></col>, <cd>Epsom salts; magnesium sulphate.</cd> --
<col><b>Bitter vetch</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to two
European leguminous herbs, <i>Vicia Orobus</i> and <i>Ervum
Ervilia</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To the bitter end</b></col>, <cd>to the last
extremity, however calamitous.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Acrid; sharp; harsh; pungent; stinging; cutting; severe;
acrimonious.</p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any substance that is
bitter. See <u>Bitters</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make bitter.</def>
<i>Wolcott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*bump`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>the butterbump or bittern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
bitterness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bitter compound used
in adulterating beer; bittern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat bitter.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*ling</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A roachlike European fish (<i>Rhodima
amarus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a bitter
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"tern</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bitoure</i>,
<i>betore</i>, <i>bitter</i>, fr. F. <i>butor</i>; of unknown origin.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wading bird of the genus <i>Botaurus</i>, allied
to the herons, of various species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European bittern is <i>Botaurus stellaris</i>. It
makes, during the brooding season, a noise called by Dryden bumping, and by
Goldsmith booming. The American bittern is <i>B. lentiginosus</i>, and is
also called <i>stake-driver</i> and <i>meadow hen</i>. See <u>Stake-
driver</u>.</p>

<p>The name is applied to other related birds, as the <i>least bittern</i>
(<i>Ardetta exilis</i>), and the <i>sun bittern</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Bit"tern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Bitter</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The brine which remains in
salt works after the salt is concreted, having a bitter taste from the
chloride of magnesium which it contains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A very bitter compound of quassia, cocculus
Indicus, etc., used by fraudulent brewers in adulterating beer.</def>
<i>Cooley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>biternys</i>;
<i>biter</i> better + <i>-nys</i> = <i>-ness</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being bitter, sharp, or acrid, in either a
literal or figurative sense; implacableness; resentfulness; severity;
keenness of reproach or sarcasm; deep distress, grief, or vexation of
mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lip that curls with <i>bitterness</i>.<BR>
<i>Percival.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I will complain in the <i>bitterness</i> of my soul.<BR>
<i>Job vii. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of extreme impiety or enmity to
God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art in the gall of <i>bitterness</i>, and in the bond
of iniquity.<BR>
<i>Acts viii. 23.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dangerous error, or schism, tending to draw
persons to apostasy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Looking diligently, . . . lest any root of <i>bitterness</i>
springing up trouble you.<BR>
<i>Heb. xii. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*nut"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The swamp
hickory (<i>Carya amara</i>). Its thin-shelled nuts are bitter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*root`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant (<i>Lewisia rediviva</i>) allied to the purslane, but with fleshy,
farinaceous roots, growing in the mountains of Idaho, Montana, etc. It
gives the name to the Bitter Root mountains and river. The Indians call
both the plant and the river <i>Sp&aelig;t'lum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ters</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A liquor,
generally spirituous in which a bitter herb, leaf, or root is
steeped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter spar"</hw> (&?;). <def>A common name of dolomite; -- so
called because it contains magnesia, the soluble salts of which are bitter.
See <u>Dolomite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*sweet`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sweet and then
bitter or bitter and then sweet; esp. sweet with a bitter after taste;
hence (Fig.), pleasant but painful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*sweet`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything which is bittersweet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of apple so called.</def>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A climbing
shrub, with oval coral-red berries (<i>Solanum dulcamara</i>); woody
nightshade. The whole plant is poisonous, and has a taste at first sweetish
and then bitter. The branches are the officinal <i>dulcamara</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An American woody climber (<i>Celastrus
scandens</i>), whose yellow capsules open late in autumn, and disclose the
red aril which covers the seeds; -- also called <i>Roxbury
waxwork</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*weed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
species of Ambrosia (<i>A. artemisi&aelig;folia</i>); Roman worm
wood.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*wood`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A West Indian
tree (<i>Picr&aelig;na excelsa</i>) from the wood of which the bitter drug
Jamaica quassia is obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"ter*wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The yellow gentian (<i>Gentiana lutea</i>), which has a very bitter
taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit"tock</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bit</u> a morsel.]
<def>A small bit of anything, of indefinite size or quantity; a short
distance.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bit"tor Bit"tour</hw> } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Bittern</u>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bittern.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bitts</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>bitte</i>,
Icel. <i>biti</i>, a beam. &?;87.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A frame of two
strong timbers fixed perpendicularly in the fore part of a ship, on which
to fasten the cables as the ship rides at anchor, or in warping. Other
bitts are used for belaying (<i>belaying bitts</i>), for sustaining the
windlass (<i>carrick bitts</i>, <i>winch bitts</i>, or <i>windlass
bitts</i>), to hold the pawls of the windlass (<i>pawl bitts</i>)
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*tume"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Bitumen</u>.]
<def>Bitumen.</def> [Poetic]  <i>May.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*tumed"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Smeared with
bitumen.</def> [R.] "The hatches caulked and <i>bitumed</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*tu"men</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bitumen</i>: cf.
F. <i>bitume</i>. Cf. <u>B&eacute;ton</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mineral
pitch; a black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame; Jew's pitch.
It occurs as an abundant natural product in many places, as on the shores
of the Dead and Caspian Seas. It is used in cements, in the construction of
pavements, etc. See <u>Asphalt</u>.
</def></p>

<p><! p. 150 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By extension, any one of the natural
hydrocarbons, including the hard, solid, brittle varieties called asphalt,
the semisolid maltha and mineral tars, the oily petroleums, and even the
light, volatile naphthas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*tu"mi*nate</hw> (b&ibreve;*t&umacr;"m&ibreve;*n&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bituminated</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bituminating</u>.] [L.
<i>bituminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>bituminare</i> to bituminate. See
<u>Bitumen</u>.] <def>To treat or impregnate with bitumen; to cement with
bitumen.</def> "<i>Bituminated</i> walls of Babylon."  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*tu`mi*nif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Bitumen</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing bitumen.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*tu`mi*ni*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>bituminisation</i>.] <def>The process of bituminizing.</def>
<i>Mantell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*tu"mi*nize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bituminized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bituminizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>bituminiser</i>.] <def>To prepare, treat,
impregnate, or coat with bitumen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*tu"mi*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>bituminosus</i>: cf. F. <i>bitumineux</i>.] <def>Having the qualities of
bitumen; compounded with bitumen; containing bitumen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Near that <i>bituminous</i> lake where Sodom flamed.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bituminous coal</b></col>, <cd>a kind of coal which yields, when
heated, a considerable amount of volatile bituminous matter. It burns with
a yellow smoky flame.</cd> -- <col><b>Bituminous limestone</b></col>, <cd>a
mineral of a brown or black color, emitting an unpleasant smell when
rubbed. That of Dalmatia is so charged with bitumen that it may be cut like
soap.</cd> -- <col><b>Bituminous shale</b></col>, <cd>an argillaceous shale
impregnated with bitumen, often accompanying coal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bi"u*ret</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>urea</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline, nitrogenous
substance, C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>, formed by
heating urea. It is intermediate between urea and cyanuric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Biv"a*len*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The quality of being bivalent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Biv"a*lent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bis</i> twice +
<i>valens</i>, <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> See <u>Valence</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Equivalent in combining or displacing power to two atoms of hydrogen;
dyad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"valve</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bivalve</i>; <i>bi-
</i> (L. <i>bis</i>) + <i>valve</i> valve.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mollusk having a shell consisting of two lateral
plates or valves joined together by an elastic ligament at the hinge, which
is usually strengthened by prominences called <i>teeth</i>. The shell is
closed by the contraction of two transverse muscles attached to the inner
surface, as in the clam, -- or by one, as in the oyster. See
Mollusca.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A pericarp in which the seed case
opens or splits into two parts or valves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"valve</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>valve</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l. &amp; Bot.)</i> <def>Having two shells or valves
which open and shut, as the oyster and certain seed vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"valved</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having two valves,
as the oyster and some seed pods; bivalve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*val"vous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Bivalvular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*val"vu*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having two
valves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*vault"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>vault</i>.] <def>Having two vaults or arches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*vec"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>vector</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A term made up of the two parts &?; +
&?;1 &?;-1, where &?; and &?;1  are vectors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*ven"tral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>ventral</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having two bellies or protuberances;
as, a <i>biventral</i>, or digastric, muscle, or the <i>biventral</i> lobe
of the cerebellum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Biv"i*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to the
bivium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Biv"i*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bivius</i>;
<i>bis</i> twice + <i>via</i> way.] <def>Having, or leading, two
ways.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bivious</i> theorems and Janus-faced doctrines.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Biv"i*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a place with two
ways. See <u>Bivious</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One side of an
echinoderm, including a pair of ambulacra, in distinction from the opposite
side (<i>trivium</i>), which includes three ambulacra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Biv"ouac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bivouac</i>,
<i>bivac</i>, prab. fr. G. <i>beiwache</i>, or <i>beiwacht</i>; <i>bei</i>
by, near + <i>wachen</i> to watch, <i>wache</i> watch, guard. See
<u>By</u>, and <u>Watch</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
watch of a whole army by night, when in danger of surprise or attack.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An encampment for the night without tents or
covering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Biv"ouac</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bivouacked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bivouacking</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To watch at
night or be on guard, as a whole army.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To
encamp for the night without tents or covering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"week`ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>weekly</i>.] <def>Occurring or appearing once every two weeks;
fortnightly.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A publication issued every
two weeks.</def> -- <wf>Bi"week"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bi*wreye"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bewray; to
reveal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Biz"an*tine</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Byzantine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*zarre"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>bizarre</i> odd,
fr. Sp. <i>bizarro</i> gallant, brave, liberal, prob. of Basque origin; cf.
Basque <i>bizarra</i> beard, whence the meaning <i>manly</i>,
<i>brave</i>.] <def>Odd in manner or appearance; fantastic; whimsical;
extravagant; grotesque.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi*zet"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Bezel</u>.]
<def>The upper faceted portion of a brilliant-cut diamond, which projects
from the setting and occupies the zone between the girdle and the table.
See <u>Brilliant</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Blab</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blabbed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blabbing</u>.] [Cf. OE. <i>blaberen</i>, or Dan. <i>blabbre</i>, G.
<i>plappern</i>, Gael. <i>blabaran</i> a stammerer; prob. of imitative
origin. Cf. also <u>Blubber</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To utter or
tell unnecessarily, or in a thoughtless manner; to publish (secrets or
trifles) without reserve or discretion.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And yonder a vile physician <i>blabbing</i><BR>
The case of his patient.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blab</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To talk thoughtlessly or
without discretion; to tattle; to tell tales.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She must burst or <i>blab</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blabbe</i>.] <def>One who
blabs; a babbler; a telltale.</def> "Avoided as a <i>blab</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For who will open himself to a <i>blab</i> or a babbler.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blab"ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tattler; a
telltale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blak</i>, AS.
<i>bl&aelig;c</i>; akin to Icel. <i>blakkr</i> dark, swarthy, Sw.
<i>bl&auml;ck</i> ink, Dan. <i>bl&aelig;k</i>, OHG. <i>blach</i>, LG. &amp; D.
<i>blaken</i> to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS.
<i>bl&amacr;c</i>, E. <i>bleak</i> pallid. &?;98.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of
soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of
<i>white</i>; characterized by such a color; as, <i>black</i> cloth;
<i>black</i> hair or eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O night, with hue so <i>black</i>!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded
in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a <i>black</i> night; the heavens
<i>black</i> with clouds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I spy a <i>black</i>, suspicious, threatening cloud.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like
darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel;
mournful; calamitous; horrible.</def>  "This day's <i>black</i> fate."
"<i>Black</i> villainy."  "Arise, <i>black</i> vengeance."  "Black day."
"<i>Black</i> despair."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening;
sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with <i>black</i> looks.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Black</i> is often used in self-explaining compound words; as,
<i>black-</i>eyed, <i>black-</i>faced, <i>black-</i>haired, <i>black-
</i>visaged.</p>

<p><col><b>Black act</b></col>, <cd>the English statute 9 George I, which
makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt
or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts
inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery
have been called <i>black acts</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black angel</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fish of the West Indies and Florida
(<i>Holacanthus tricolor</i>), with the head and tail yellow, and the
middle of the body black.</cd> -- <col><b>Black antimony</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the black sulphide of antimony,
Sb<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>, used in pyrotechnics, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Black bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common American
bear (<i>Ursus Americanus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Black beast</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>B&ecirc;te noire</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black beetle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common large cockroach (<i>Blatta
orientalis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Black and blue</b></col>, <cd>the dark
color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of
blue.</cd> "To pinch the slatterns <i>black and blue</i>." <i>Hudibras.</i>
-- <col><b>Black bonnet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the black-headed
bunting (<i>Embriza Sch&oelig;niclus</i>) of Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Black
canker</b></col>, <cd>a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a
species of caterpillar.</cd> -- <col><b>Black cat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to
the sable, but larger. See <u>Fisher</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black
cattle</b></col>, <cd>any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in
distinction from dairy cattle.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Black
cherry</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cherry</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black
cockatoo</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the palm cockatoo. See
<u>Cockatoo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black copper</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<u>Melaconite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black currant</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Currant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black diamond</b></col>.
<i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See <u>Carbonado</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black
draught</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a cathartic medicine, composed of
senna and magnesia.</cd> -- <col><b>Black drop</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a
solution of opium in vinegar.</cd> -- <col><b>Black earth</b></col>,
<cd>mold; earth of a dark color.</cd> <i>Woodward.</i> -- <col><b>Black
flag</b></col>, <cd>the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull
and crossbones; a signal of defiance.</cd> -- <col><b>Black flea</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a flea beetle (<i>Haltica nemorum</i>) injurious
to turnips.</cd> -- <col><b>Black flux</b></col>, <cd>a mixture of
carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half
its weight of niter.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>Black
fly</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In the United
States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus <i>Simulium</i> of
several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern
forests. The larv&aelig; are aquatic.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A black
plant louse, as the bean aphis (<i>A. fab&aelig;</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Black Forest</b></col> [a translation of G. <i>Schwarzwald</i>],
<cd>a forest in Baden and W&uuml;rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the
ancient Hercynian forest.</cd> -- <col><b>Black game</b></col>, or
<col><b>Black grouse</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Blackcock</u>, <u>Grouse</u>, and <u>Heath grouse</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Black grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a grasslike rush of the
species <i>Juncus Gerardi</i>, growing on salt marshes, and making good
hay.</cd> -- <col><b>Black gum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American
tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See <u>Tupelo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black
Hamburg (grape)</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a sweet and juicy variety of
dark purple or "black" grape.</cd> -- <col><b>Black horse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fish of the Mississippi valley (<i>Cycleptus
elongatus</i>), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker.</cd> --
<col><b>Black lemur</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
<i>Lemurniger</i> of Madagascar; the <i>acoumbo</i> of the natives.</cd> --
<col><b>Black list</b></col>, <cd>a list of persons who are for some reason
thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons
stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of
tradesmen or employers. See <u>Blacklist</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd>
-- <col><b>Black manganese</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the black oxide of
manganese, MnO<sub>2</sub>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black Maria</b></col>, <cd>the
close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail.</cd> --
<col><b>Black martin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the chimney swift.
See <u>Swift</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black moss</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See
<u>Tillandsia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black oak</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Oak</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black ocher</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Wad</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Black pigment</b></col>, <cd>a very fine, light carbonaceous
substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers'
ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar.</cd> -- <col><b>Black
plate</b></col>, <cd>sheet iron before it is tinned.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Black quarter</b></col>, <cd>malignant anthrax with engorgement of
a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox.</cd> -- <col><b>Black
rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the species of rats (<i>Mus
rattus</i>), commonly infesting houses.</cd> -- <col><b>Black
rent</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Blackmail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> --
<col><b>Black rust</b></col>, <cd>a disease of wheat, in which a black,
moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain.</cd> --
<col><b>Black sheep</b></col>, <cd>one in a family or company who is unlike
the rest, and makes trouble.</cd> -- <col><b>Black silver</b></col>.
<i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Silver</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black and
tan</b></col>, <cd>black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown;
-- used in describing certain breeds of dogs.</cd> -- <col><b>Black
tea</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Tea</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black
tin</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed,
stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black
powder, like fine sand.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Black
walnut</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Walnut</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black
warrior</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American hawk (<i>Buteo
Harlani</i>).</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart;
Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious.</p>

<p><hw>Black</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Sullenly;
threateningly; maliciously; so as to produce blackness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
is destitute of light or whiteness; the darkest color, or rather a
destitution of all color; as, a cloth has a good <i>black</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Black</i> is the badge of hell,<BR>
The hue of dungeons, and the suit of night.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A black pigment or dye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A negro; a person whose skin is of a black
color, or shaded with black; esp. a member or descendant of certain African
races.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A black garment or dress; as, she wears
<i>black</i></def>; <i>pl.</i> (Obs.) <def>Mourning garments of a black
color; funereal drapery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Friends weeping, and <i>blacks</i>, and obsequies, and the
like show death terrible.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That was the full time they used to wear <i>blacks</i> for
the death of their fathers.<BR>
<i>Sir T. North.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The part of a thing which is distinguished from
the rest by being black.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>black</i> or sight of the eye.<BR>
<i>Sir K. Digby.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A stain; a spot; a smooch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Defiling her white lawn of chastity with ugly <i>blacks</i>
of lust.<BR>
<i>Rowley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Black and white</b></col>, <cd>writing or print; as, I must have
that statement in <i>black and white</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue
black</b></col>, <cd>a pigment of a blue black color.</cd> -- <col><b>Ivory
black</b></col>, <cd>a fine kind of animal charcoal prepared by calcining
ivory or bones. When ground it is the chief ingredient of the ink used in
copperplate printing.</cd> -- <col><b>Berlin black</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Berlin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Black</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Blacked</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Blacking</u>.] [See
<u>Black</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Blacken</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make black; to blacken; to soil; to
sully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have their teeth <i>blacked</i>, both men and women,
for they say a dog hath his teeth white, therefore they will black
theirs.<BR>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Sins which <i>black</i> thy soul.<BR>
<i>J. Fletcher.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make black and shining, as boots or a stove,
by applying blacking and then polishing with a brush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"a*moor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Black</i> +
<i>Moor</i>.] <def>A negro or negress.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Black" art`</hw> (&?;). <def>The art practiced by conjurers and
witches; necromancy; conjuration; magic.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This name was given in the Middle Ages to necromancy, under the
idea that the latter term was derived from <i>niger</i> black, instead of
<grk>nekro`s</grk>, a dead person, and <grk>mantei`a</grk>, divination.
<i>Wright.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Black"-a-vised`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dark-visaged;
swart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"ball`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A composition for blacking shoes, boots, etc.; also, one for taking
impressions of engraved work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ball of black color, esp. one used as a
negative in voting; -- in this sense usually two words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"ball`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blackballed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blackballing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To vote against, by putting a
black ball into a ballot box; to reject or exclude, as by voting against
with black balls; to ostracize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>blackballed</i> at two clubs in succession.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To blacken (leather, shoes, etc.) with
blacking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"band`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An
earthy carbonate of iron containing considerable carbonaceous matter; --
valuable as an iron ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black" bass`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An edible, fresh-water fish of the United States, of the genus
<i>Micropterus</i>. the small-mouthed kind is <i>M. dolomie&imacr;</i>; the
large-mouthed is <i>M. salmoides</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sea bass. See <u>Blackfish</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"ber*ry</hw> (bl&abreve;k"b&ebreve;r*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blakberye</i>, AS. <i>bl&aelig;cberie</i>;
<i>bl&aelig;c</i> black  + <i>berie</i> berry.] <def>The fruit of several
species of bramble (<i>Rubus</i>); also, the plant itself. <i>Rubus
fruticosus</i> is the blackberry of England; <i>R. villosus</i> and <i>R.
Canadensis</i> are the high blackberry and low blackberry of the United
States. There are also other kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"bird</hw> (bl&abreve;k"b&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>In England, a species of thrush (<i>Turdus
merula</i>), a singing bird with a fin note; the merle. In America the name
is given to several birds, as the <i>Quiscalus versicolor</i>, or crow
blackbird; the <i>Agel&aelig;us ph&oelig;niceus</i>, or red-winged
blackbird; the cowbird; the rusty grackle, etc. See
<u>Redwing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"board`</hw> (-b&omacr;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A broad
board painted black, or any black surface on which writing, drawing, or the
working of mathematical problems can be done with chalk or crayons. It is
much used in schools.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black" book`</hw> (b&oocr;k`). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of
several books of a political character, published at different times and
for different purposes; -- so called either from the color of the binding,
or from the character of the contents.</def></p>

<p><! p. 151 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A book compiled in the twelfth century,
containing a description of the court of exchequer of England, an official
statement of the revenues of the crown, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A book containing details of the enormities
practiced in the English monasteries and religious houses, compiled by
order of their visitors under Henry VIII., to hasten their
dissolution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A book of admiralty law, of the highest
authority, compiled in the reign of Edw. III.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A book kept for the purpose of registering the
names of persons liable to censure or punishment, as in the English
universities, or the English armies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Any book which treats of necromancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"-browed`</hw> (bl&abreve;k"broud`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having black eyebrows. Hence: Gloomy; dismal; threatening;
forbidding.</def>  <i>Shak. Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Black*bur"ni*an war"bler</hw> (&?;). [Named from Mrs.
<i>Blackburn</i>, an English lady.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A beautiful
warbler of the United States (<i>Dendroica Blackburni&aelig;</i>). The male
is strongly marked with orange, yellow, and black on the head and neck, and
has an orange-yellow breast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"cap`</hw> (-k&abreve;p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
European song bird (<i>Sylvia atricapilla</i>), with a black crown; the
mock nightingale.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An American titmouse
(<i>Parus atricapillus</i>); the chickadee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>An apple roasted till black, to
be served in a dish of boiled custard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The black raspberry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"coat`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A clergyman; --
familiarly so called, as a soldier is sometimes called a <i>redcoat</i> or
a <i>bluecoat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"cock`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The male of the European black grouse (<i>Tetrao tetrix</i>, Linn.); -
- so called by sportsmen. The female is called <i>gray hen</i>. See
<u>Heath grouse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black" death`</hw> (&?;). <def>A pestilence which ravaged Europe and
Asia in the fourteenth century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blackened</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blackening</u>.] [See <u>Black</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Black</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make or
render black.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While the long funerals <i>blacken</i> all the way.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make dark; to darken; to cloud.</def>
"<i>Blackened</i> the whole heavens."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To defame; to sully, as reputation; to make
infamous; as, vice <i>blackens</i> the character.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To denigrate; defame; vilify; slander; calumniate;
traduce; malign; asperse.</p>

<p><hw>Black"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow black or
dark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"en*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
blackens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"-eyed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having black
eyes.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Black"-faced`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a black,
dark, or gloomy face or aspect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"feet`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethn.)</i>
<def>A tribe of North American Indians formerly inhabiting the country from
the upper Missouri River to the Saskatchewan, but now much reduced in
numbers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"fin`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Bluefin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"fish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small kind of whale, of the genus
<i>Globicephalus</i>, of several species. The most common is <i>G.
melas</i>. Also sometimes applied to other whales of larger size.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The tautog of New England
(<i>Tautoga</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The black sea bass
(<i>Centropristis atrarius</i>) of the Atlantic coast. It is excellent food
fish; -- locally called also <i>black Harry</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish of southern Europe
(<i>Centrolophus pompilus</i>) of the Mackerel family.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The female salmon in the
spawning season.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is locally applied to other fishes.</p>

<p><hw>Black"foot`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Blackfeet; as, a <i>Blackfoot</i> Indian.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Blackfoot Indian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black" fri`ar</hw> (&?;). <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A friar of the
Dominican order; -- called also <i>predicant</i> and <i>preaching
friar</i>; in France, <i>Jacobin</i>. Also, sometimes, a
Benedictine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"guard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Black</i> +
<i>guard</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The scullions and lower menials of a
court, or of a nobleman's household, who, in a removal from one residence
to another, had charge of the kitchen utensils, and being smutted by them,
were jocularly called the "black guard"; also, the servants and hangers-on
of an army.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A lousy slave, that . . . rode with the <i>black guard</i>
in the duke's carriage, 'mongst spits and dripping pans.<BR>
<i>Webster (1612).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The criminals and vagrants or vagabonds of a
town or community, collectively.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person of stained or low character, esp. one
who uses scurrilous language, or treats others with foul abuse; a
scoundrel; a rough.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man whose manners and sentiments are decidedly below those
of his class deserves to be called a <i>blackguard</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A vagrant; a bootblack; a gamin.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Black"guard`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blackguarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blackguarding</u>.] <def>To revile or abuse in scurrilous
language.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Black"guard</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Scurrilous; abusive;
low; worthless; vicious; as, <i>blackguard</i> language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"guard*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The conduct or
language of a blackguard; ruffianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"guard*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of or resembling a blackguard; abusive; scurrilous; ruffianly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The scaup duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"heart`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A heart-shaped
cherry with a very dark-colored skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"-heart`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a wicked,
malignant disposition; morally bad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black" hole`</hw> (&?;). <def>A dungeon or dark cell in a prison; a
military lock-up or guardroom; -- now commonly with allusion to the cell
(the Black Hole) in a fort at Calcutta, into which 146 English prisoners
were thrust by the nabob Suraja Dowla on the night of June 20, 17656, and
in which 123 of the prisoners died before morning from lack of
air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A discipline of unlimited autocracy, upheld by rods, and
ferules, and the <i>black hole</i>.<BR>
<i>H. Spencer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Black"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any
preparation for making things black; esp. one for giving a black luster to
boots and shoes, or to stoves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of making black.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat black.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"-jack`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A name given by English miners to sphalerite, or zinc
blende; -- called also <i>false galena</i>. See <u>Blende</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Caramel or burnt sugar, used to color wines,
spirits, ground coffee, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A large leather vessel for beer, etc.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The <i>Quercus nigra</i>, or
barren oak.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The ensign of a pirate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black` lead"</hw> (&?;). <def>Plumbago; graphite. It leaves a
blackish mark somewhat like lead. See <u>Graphite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black`lead"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To coat or to polish
with black lead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"leg`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A notorious gambler.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disease among calves and sheep, characterized
by a settling of gelatinous matter in the legs, and sometimes in the
neck.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Black" let`ter</hw> (&?;). <def>The old English or Gothic letter, in
which the Early English manuscripts were written, and the first English
books were printed. It was conspicuous for its blackness. See
<u>Type</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"-let`ter</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Written or printed in black letter; as, a <i>black-letter</i>
manuscript or book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to the study of books in black letter;
that is, of old books; out of date.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kemble, a <i>black-letter</i> man!<BR>
<i>J. Boaden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the days in the calendar not
marked with red letters as saints' days. Hence: Unlucky;
inauspicious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"list`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put in a
black list as deserving of suspicion, censure, or punishment; esp. to put
in a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, -- as
tradesmen and employers do for mutual protection; as, to <i>blacklist</i> a
workman who has been discharged. See <i>Black list</i>, under <u>Black</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you <i>blacklist</i> us, we will boycott you.<BR>
<i>John Swinton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Black"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a black manner;
darkly, in color; gloomily; threateningly; atrociously.</def> "Deeds so
<i>blackly</i> grim and horrid."  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Black"mail`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Black</i> +
<i>mail</i> a piece of money.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A certain rate of
money, corn, cattle, or other thing, anciently paid, in the north of
England and south of Scotland, to certain men who were allied to robbers,
or moss troopers, to be by them protected from pillage.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Payment of money exacted by means of
intimidation; also, extortion of money from a person by threats of public
accusation, exposure, or censure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>Black rent, or rent paid in
corn, flesh, or the lowest coin, a opposed to "white rent", which paid in
silver.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To levy blackmail</b></col>, <cd>to extort money by threats, as
of injury to one's reputation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Black"mail`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blackmailed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blackmailing</u>.] <def>To extort money from by exciting fears of injury
other than bodily harm, as injury to reputation, distress of mind, etc.;
as, to <i>blackmail</i> a merchant by threatening to expose an alleged
fraud.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Black"mail`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who extorts,
or endeavors to extort, money, by black mailing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"mail`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or practice
of extorting money by exciting fears of injury other than bodily harm, as
injury to reputation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black" Mon`day</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easter Monday, so
called from the severity of that day in 1360, which was so unusual that
many of Edward III.'s soldiers, then before Paris, died from the
cold.</def>  <i>Stow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then it was not for nothing that my nose fell a bleeding on
<i>Black Monday</i> last.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The first Monday after the holidays; -- so
called by English schoolboys.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Black" monk`</hw> (&?;). <def>A Benedictine monk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"moor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Blackamoor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"-mouthed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Using foul or
scurrilous language; slanderous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being black; black color; atrociousness or enormity in
wickedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They're darker now than <i>blackness</i>.<BR>
<i>Donne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Black"poll`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Black</i> +
<i>poll</i> head.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A warbler of the United States
(<i>Dendroica striata</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Black" pud"ding</hw> (&?;). <def>A kind of sausage made of blood,
suet, etc., thickened with meal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And fat black <i>puddings</i>, -- proper food,<BR>
For warriors that delight in blood.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Black" Rod`</hw> (&?;). <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>the usher to the
Chapter of the Garter, so called from the <i>black rod</i> which he
carries. He is of the king's chamber, and also usher to the House of
Lords.</def> [Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An usher in the legislature of
British colonies.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Committed to the custody of the <i>Black Rod</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Black"root`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Colicroot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blacks</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The name of a kind of in used in copperplate printing, prepared from
the charred husks of the grape, and residue of the wine press.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soot flying in the air.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Black garments, etc. See <u>Black</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"salt`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
crude potash, or black salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black" salts`</hw> (&?;). <def>Crude potash.</def>  <i>De
Colange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Black"smith`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Black</i> (in
allusion to the color of the metal) + <i>smith</i>. Cf. <u>Whitesmith</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A smith who works in iron with a forge, and makes
iron utensils, horseshoes, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> The <i>blacksmith</i> may forge what he pleases.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish of the Pacific coast
(<i>Chromis, or Heliastes, punctipinnis</i>), of a blackish
color.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Black" snake`</hw> (sn&amacr;k) or <hw>Black"snake</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A snake of a black color, of
which two species are common in the United States, the <i>Bascanium
constrictor</i>, or racer, sometimes six feet long, and the <i>Scotophis
Alleghaniensis</i>, seven or eight feet long.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to various other black serpents, as
<i>Natrix atra</i> of Jamaica.</p>

<p><hw>Black"strap`</hw> (-str&abreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mixture of spirituous liquor (usually rum) and
molasses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>blackstrap</i> to-night; switchel, or ginger pop.<BR>
<i>Judd.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bad port wine; any common wine of the
Mediterranean; -- so called by sailors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"tail`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Black</i> +
<i>tail</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish; the ruff
or pope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The black-tailed deer
(<i>Cervus or Cariacus Columbianus</i>) of California and Oregon; also, the
mule deer of the Rocky Mountains. See <u>Mule deer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"thorn`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A spreading thorny shrub or small tree (<i>Prunus
spinosa</i>), with blackish bark, and bearing little black plums, which are
called sloes; the sloe.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A species of
<i>Crat&aelig;gus</i> or hawthorn (<i>C. tomentosa</i>). Both are used for
hedges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black" vom"it</hw> (&?;). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A copious vomiting of
dark-colored matter; or the substance so discharged; -- one of the most
fatal symptoms in yellow fever.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Black" wash`</hw> (&?;) or <hw>Black"wash</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A lotion made by
mixing calomel and lime water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wash that blackens, as opposed to
<i>whitewash</i>; hence, figuratively, calumny.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To remove as far as he can the modern layers of <i>black
wash</i>, and let the man himself, fair or foul, be seen.<BR>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Black"wood</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name given to
several dark-colored timbers. The East Indian black wood is from the tree
<i>Dalbergia latifolia</i>.</def>  <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Black"work`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work wrought by
blacksmiths; -- so called in distinction from that wrought by
whitesmiths.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blad"der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bladder</i>,
<i>bleddre</i>, AS. <i>bl&?;dre</i>, <i>bl&?;ddre</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>bla&?;ra</i>, SW. <i>bl&auml;ddra</i>, Dan. <i>bl&aelig;re</i>, D.
<i>blaar</i>, OHG. <i>bl&amacr;tara</i> the bladder in the body of animals,
G. <i>blatter</i> blister, bustule; all fr. the same root as AS.
<i>bl&amacr;wan</i>, E. <i>blow</i>, to puff. See <u>Blow</u> to puff.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A bag or sac in animals, which
serves as the receptacle of some fluid; as, the urinary <i>bladder</i>; the
gall <i>bladder</i>; -- applied especially to the urinary bladder, either
within the animal, or when taken out and inflated with air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any vesicle or blister, especially if filled
with air, or a thin, watery fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A distended, membranaceous
pericarp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything inflated, empty, or unsound.</def> "To
swim with <i>bladders</i> of philosophy."  <i>Rochester.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bladder nut</b></col>, or <col><b>Bladder tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus of plants (<i>Staphylea</i>) with bladderlike
seed pods.</cd> -- <col><b>Bladder pod</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus
of low herbs (<i>Vesicaria</i>) with inflated seed pods.</cd> --
<col><b>Bladdor senna</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus of shrubs
(<i>Colutea</i>), with membranaceous, inflated pods.</cd> --
<col><b>Bladder worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of any
species of tapeworm (<i>T&aelig;nia</i>), found in the flesh or other parts
of animals. See <u>Measle</u>, <u>Cysticercus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bladder
wrack</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common black rock weed of the
seacoast (<i>Fucus nodosus</i> and <i>F. vesiculosus</i>) -- called also
<i>bladder tangle</i>. See <u>Wrack</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blad"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bladdered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bladdering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swell out like a bladder
with air; to inflate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put up in bladders; as, <i>bladdered</i>
lard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blad"der*wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus (<i>Utricularia</i>) of aquatic or marshy plants, which usually bear
numerous vesicles in the divisions of the leaves. These serve as traps for
minute animals. See <u>Ascidium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blad"der*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having bladders;
also, resembling a bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blade</hw> (bl&amacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blade</i>,
<i>blad</i>, AS. <i>bl&aelig;d</i> leaf; akin to OS., D., Dan., &amp; Sw.
<i>blad</i>, Icel. <i>bla&eth;</i>, OHG. <i>blat</i>, G. <i>blatt</i>, and
perh. to L. <i>folium</i>, Gr. <grk>fy`llon</grk>. The root is prob. the
same as that of AS. <i>bl&omacr;wan</i>, E. <i>blow</i>, to blossom. See
<u>Blow</u> to blossom, and cf. <u>Foil</u> leaf of metal.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Properly, the leaf, or flat part of the leaf, of
any plant, especially of gramineous plants. The term is sometimes applied
to the spire of grasses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The crimson dulse . . . with its waving <i>blade</i>.<BR>
<i>Percival.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>First the <i>blade</i>, then ear, after that the full corn
in the ear.<BR>
<i>Mark iv. 28.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cutting part of an instrument; as, the
<i>blade</i> of a knife or a sword.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The broad part of an oar; also, one of the
projecting arms of a screw propeller.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The scapula or shoulder blade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The principal rafters
of a roof.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The four large shell
plates on the sides, and the five large ones of the middle, of the carapace
of the sea turtle, which yield the best tortoise shell.</def>  <i>De
Colange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A sharp-witted, dashing, wild, or reckless,
fellow; -- a word of somewhat indefinite meaning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He saw a turnkey in a trice<BR>
Fetter a troublesome <i>blade</i>.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 152 !></p>

<p><hw>Blade</hw> (bl&amacr;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish
with a blade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blade</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To put forth or have a
blade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As sweet a plant, as fair a flower, is faded<BR>
As ever in the Muses' garden <i>bladed</i>.<BR>
<i>P. Fletcher.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blade"bone`</hw> (-b&omacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
scapula. See <u>Blade</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blad"ed</hw> (bl&amacr;d"&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a blade or blades; as, a two-<i>bladed</i>
knife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Decking with liquid pearl the <i>bladed</i> grass.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Divested of blades; as, <i>bladed</i>
corn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Composed of long and narrow
plates, shaped like the blade of a knife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blade"fish`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A long, thin, marine fish of Europe (<i>Trichiurus lepturus</i>); the
ribbon fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blade"smith`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sword
cutler.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Blad"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
blades.</def> [R.] "<i>Blady</i> grass."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bl&aelig;</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Blue</u>.]
<def>Dark blue or bluish gray; lead-colored.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Bl&aelig;"ber*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bl&aelig;</i>
+ <i>berry</i>; akin to Icel <i>bl&amacr;ber</i>, Sw. <i>bl&?;b&auml;r</i>,
D. <i>blaab&aelig;r</i>. Cf. <u>Blueberry</u>.] <def>The bilberry.</def>
[North of Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||Blague</hw> (bl&adot;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Mendacious
boasting; falsehood; humbug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blain</hw> (bl&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blein</i>,
<i>bleyn</i>, AS. <i>bl&emacr;gen</i>; akin to Dan. <i>blegn</i>, D.
<i>blein</i>; perh. fr. the same root as E. <i>bladder</i>. See
<u>Bladder</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inflammatory swelling or sore;
a bulla, pustule, or blister.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blotches and <i>blains</i> must all his flesh emboss.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A bladder growing on the root of
the tongue of a horse, against the windpipe, and stopping the
breath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blam"a*ble</hw> (bl&amacr;m"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>bl&acirc;mable</i>.] <def>Deserving of censure; faulty; culpable;
reprehensible; censurable; blameworthy.</def> -- <wf>Blam"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Blam"a*bly</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Blame</hw> (bl&amacr;m), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blamed</u> (bl&amacr;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blaming</u>.] [OE. <i>blamen</i>, F. <i>bl&acirc;mer</i>, OF.
<i>blasmer</i>, fr. L. <i>blasphemare</i> to blaspheme, LL. also to blame,
fr. Gr. <grk>blasfhmei^n</grk> to speak ill, to slander, to blaspheme, fr.
<grk>bla`sfhmos</grk> evil speaking, perh, for <grk>blapsi`fhmos</grk>;
<grk>bla`psis</grk> injury (fr. <grk>bla`ptein</grk> to injure) +
<grk>fh`mh</grk> a saying, fr. <grk>fa`nai</grk> to say. Cf.
<u>Blaspheme</u>, and see <u>Fame</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To censure; to express disapprobation of; to
find fault with; to reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have none to <i>blame</i> but ourselves.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring reproach upon; to blemish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote> She . . . <i>blamed</i> her noble blood.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To blame</b></col>, <cd>to be blamed, or deserving blame; in
fault; as, the conductor was <i>to blame</i> for the accident.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>You were <i>to blame</i>, I must be plain with you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blame</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blame</i>, fr. F.
<i>bl&acirc;me</i>, OF. <i>blasme</i>, fr. <i>bl&acirc;mer</i>, OF.
<i>blasmer</i>, to blame. See <u>Blame</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An expression of disapprobation fir something
deemed to be wrong; imputation of fault; censure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me bear the <i>blame</i> forever.<BR>
<i>Gen. xiiii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is deserving of censure or
disapprobation; culpability; fault; crime; sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Holy and without <i>blame</i> before him in love.<BR>
<i>Eph. i. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hurt; injury.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Censure; reprehension; condemnation; reproach; fault;
sin; crime; wrongdoing.</p>

<p><hw>Blame"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Faulty; meriting blame.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attributing blame or fault; implying or
conveying censure; faultfinding; censorious.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Blame"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Blame"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Blame"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from blame; without
fault; innocent; guiltless; -- sometimes followed by <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bishop then must be <i>blameless</i>.<BR>
<i>1 Tim. iii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Blameless</i> still of arts that polish to deprave.<BR>
<i>Mallet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We will be <i>blameless</i> of this thine oath.<BR>
<i>Josh. ii. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Irreproachable; sinless; unblemished; inculpable.  --
<u>Blameless</u>, <u>Spotless</u>, <u>Faultless</u>, <u>Stainless</u>. We
speak of a thing as <i>blameless</i> when it is free from blame, or the
just imputation of fault; as, a <i>blameless</i> life or character. The
others are stronger. We speak of a thing as <i>faultless</i>,
<i>stainless</i>, or <i>spotless</i>, only when we mean that it is
absolutely <i>without</i> fault or blemish; as, a <i>spotless</i> or
<i>stainless</i> reputation; a <i>faultless</i> course of conduct. The last
three words apply only to the general character, while <i>blameless</i> may
be used in reverence to particular points; as, in this transaction he was
wholly <i>blameless</i>. We also apply <i>faultless</i> to personal
appearance; as, a <i>faultless</i> figure; which can not be done in respect
to any of the other words.</p>

<p><hw>Blame"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a blameless
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blame"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being blameless; innocence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blam"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who blames.</def>
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blame"wor`thy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deserving blame;
culpable; reprehensible.</def> -- <wf>Blame"wor`thi*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Blan"card</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>blanc</i>
white.] <def>A kind of linen cloth made in Normandy, the thread of which is
partly blanches before it is woven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blanch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blanched</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blanching</u>.] [OE. <i>blanchen</i>, <i>blaunchen</i>, F.
<i>blanchir</i>, fr. <i>blanc</i> white. See <u>Blank</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take the color out of, and make white; to
bleach; as, to <i>blanch</i> linen; age has <i>blanched</i> his
hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gardening)</i> <def>To bleach by excluding the
light, as the stalks or leaves of plants, by earthing them up or tying them
together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Confectionery &amp; Cookery)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>To make white by removing the skin of, as by scalding; as, to
<i>blanch</i> almonds.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To whiten, as the
surface of meat, by plunging into boiling water and afterwards into cold,
so as to harden the surface and retain the juices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give a white luster to (silver, before
stamping, in the process of coining.).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cover (sheet iron) with a coating of
tin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To whiten; to give a favorable appearance
to; to whitewash; to palliate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Blanch</i> over the blackest and most absurd things.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Blanch</u>, <u>Whiten</u>.  To <i>whiten</i> is the
generic term, denoting, to render white; as, to <i>whiten</i> the walls of
a room. Usually (though not of necessity) this is supposed to be done by
placing some white coloring matter in or upon the surface of the object in
question. To <i>blanch</i> is to whiten by the removal of coloring matter;
as, to <i>blanch</i> linen. So the cheek is <i>blanched</i> by fear, i. e.,
by the withdrawal of the blood, which leaves it white.</p>

<p><hw>Blanch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow or become
white; as, his cheek <i>blanched</i> with fear; the rose <i>blanches</i> in
the sun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Bones] <i>blanching</i> on the grass.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blanch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Blench</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To avoid, as from fear; to evade; to leave
unnoticed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ifs and ands to qualify the words of treason, whereby every
man might express his malice and <i>blanch</i> his danger.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I suppose you will not <i>blanch</i> Paris in your way.<BR>
<i>Reliq. Wot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to turn aside or back; as, to
<i>blanch</i> a deer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blanch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use evasion.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Books will speak plain, when counselors <i>blanch</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blanch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Ore, not in
masses, but mixed with other minerals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blanch"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, blanches or whitens; esp., one who anneals and cleanses money; also,
a chemical preparation for this purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blanch"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
frightens away or turns aside.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And Gynecia, a <i>blancher</i>, which kept the dearest deer
from her.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And so even now hath he divers <i>blanchers</i> belonging to
the market, to let and stop the light of the gospel.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blanch" hold`ing</hw> (&?;). <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A mode of
tenure by the payment of a small duty in white rent (silver) or
otherwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blanch*im"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>blanch</i>
+ <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the bleaching power of
chloride of lime and potash; a chlorometer.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blanc*mange"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>blancmanger</i>, lit. white food; <i>blanc</i> white + <i>manger</i> to
eat.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A preparation for desserts, etc., made from
isinglass, sea moss, cornstarch, or other gelatinous or starchy substance,
with mild, usually sweetened and flavored, and shaped in a mold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blanc*man"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Blancmange</u>.] <def>A sort of fricassee with white sauce, variously
made of capon, fish, etc.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bland</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>blandus</i>, of
unknown origin.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mild; soft; gentle; smooth and soothing in
manner; suave; as, a bland temper; <i>bland</i> persuasion; a <i>bland</i>
sycophant.</def> "Exhilarating vapor <i>bland</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having soft and soothing qualities; not drastic
or irritating; not stimulating; as, a <i>bland</i> oil; a <i>bland</i>
diet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blan*da"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>blanditia</i>, <i>blandities</i>, fr. <i>blandus</i>. See <u>Bland</u>.]
<def>Flattery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Blan*dil"o*quence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>blandiloquentia</i>; <i>blandus</i> mild + <i>loqui</i> to speak.]
<def>Mild, flattering speech.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Blan*dil"o*quous</hw> (&?;), <hw>Blan*di*lo"qui*ous</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fair-spoken; flattering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blan"dise</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Same word as
<u>Blandish</u>.] <def>To blandish any one.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blan"dish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blandished</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blandishing</u>.] [OE. <i>blaundisen</i>, F. <i>blandir</i>, fr. L.
<i>blandiri</i>, fr. <i>blandus</i> mild, flattering.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To flatter with kind words or affectionate actions; to caress; to
cajole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make agreeable and enticing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mustering all her wiles,<BR>
With <i>blandished</i> parleys.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blan"dish*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses
blandishments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blan"dish*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>blandissement</i>.] <def>The act of blandishing; a word or act
expressive of affection or kindness, and tending to win the heart; soft
words and artful caresses; cajolery; allurement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cowering low with <i>blandishment</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Attacked by royal smiles, by female
<i>blandishments</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bland"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a bland manner;
mildly; suavely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bland"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality of
being bland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blank</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blank</i>,
<i>blonc</i>, <i>blaunc</i>, <i>blaunche</i>, fr. F. <i>blanc</i>, fem.
<i>blanche</i>, fr. OHG. <i>blanch</i> shining, bright, white, G.
<i>blank</i>; akin to E. <i>blink</i>, cf. also AS. <i>blanc</i> white.
&?;98. See <u>Blink</u>, and cf. 1st <u>Blanch</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of a white or pale color; without
color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the <i>blank</i> moon<BR>
Her office they prescribed.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from writing, printing, or marks; having an
empty space to be filled in with some special writing; -- said of checks,
official documents, etc.; as, <i>blank</i> paper; a <i>blank</i> check; a
<i>blank</i> ballot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Utterly confounded or discomfited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adam . . . astonied stood, and <i>blank</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Empty; void; without result; fruitless; as, a
<i>blank</i> space; a <i>blank</i> day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Lacking characteristics which give variety; as,
a <i>blank</i> desert; a <i>blank</i> wall; destitute of interests,
affections, hopes, etc.; as, to live a <i>blank</i> existence; destitute of
sensations; as, <i>blank</i> unconsciousness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Lacking animation and intelligence, or their
associated characteristics, as expression of face, look, etc.;
expressionless; vacant.</def> "<i>Blank</i> and horror-stricken faces."
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>blank</i> . . . glance of a half returned
consciousness.<BR>
<i>G. Eliot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Absolute; downright; unmixed; as, <i>blank</i>
terror.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blank bar</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a plea put in to oblige
the plaintiff in an action of trespass to assign the certain place where
the trespass was committed; -- called also <i>common bar</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Blank cartridge</b></col>, <cd>a cartridge containing no ball.</cd>
-- <col><b>Blank deed</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Deed</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blank
door</b></col>, or <col><b>Blank window</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a
depression in a wall of the size of a door or window, either for
symmetrical effect, or for the more convenient insertion of a door or
window at a future time, should it be needed.</cd> -- <col><b>Blank
indorsement</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an indorsement which omits the name
of the person in whose favor it is made; it is usually made by simply
writing the name of the indorser on the back of the bill.</cd> --
<col><b>Blank line</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a vacant space of the
breadth of a line, on a printed page; a line of quadrats.</cd> --
<col><b>Blank tire</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a tire without a
flange.</cd> -- <col><b>Blank tooling</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Blind
tooling</i>, under <u>Blind</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blank verse</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Verse</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blank wall</b></col>, <cd>a
wall in which there is no opening; a dead wall.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blank</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any
void space; a void space on paper, or in any written instrument; an
interval void of consciousness, action, result, etc; a void.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not write a paper full, I used to do; and yet I will
not forgive a <i>blank</i> of half an inch from you.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>From this time there ensues a long <i>blank</i> in the
history of French legislation.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I was ill. I can't tell how long -- it was a
<i>blank</i>.<BR>
<i>G. Eliot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lot by which nothing is gained; a ticket in a
lottery on which no prize is indicated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In Fortune's lottery lies<BR>
A heap of <i>blanks</i>, like this, for one small prize.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A paper unwritten; a paper without marks or
characters a blank ballot; -- especially, a paper on which are to be
inserted designated items of information, for which spaces are left vacant;
a bland form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The freemen signified their approbation by an inscribed
vote, and their dissent by a <i>blank</i>.<BR>
<i>Palfrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A paper containing the substance of a legal
instrument, as a deed, release, writ, or execution, with spaces left to be
filled with names, date, descriptions, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The point aimed at in a target, marked with a
white spot; hence, the object to which anything is directed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me still remain<BR>
The true <i>blank</i> of thine eye.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Aim; shot; range.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have stood . . . within the <i>blank</i> of his
displeasure<BR>
For my free speech.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A kind of base silver money, first coined in
England by Henry V., and worth about 8 pence; also, a French coin of the
seventeenth century, worth about 4 pence.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A piece of metal prepared to be
made into something by a further operation, as a coin, screw,
nuts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Dominoes)</i> <def>A piece or division of a
piece, without spots; as, the "double <i>blank</i>"; the "six
<i>blank</i>."</def></p>

<p><col><b>In blank</b></col>, <cd>with an essential portion to be supplied
by another; as, to make out a check <i>in blank</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blank</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Blanked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Blanking</u>.]
[Cf. 3d <u>Blanch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make void; to
annul.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To blanch; to make blank; to damp the spirits
of; to dispirit or confuse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Each opposite that <i>blanks</i> the face of joy.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blan"ket</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>blanchet</i>, OF.
also <i>blanket</i>, a woolen waistcoat or shirt, the blanket of a printing
press; prop. white woolen stuff, dim. of <i>blanc</i> white;
<i>blanquette</i> a kind of white pear, fr. <i>blanc</i> white. See
<u>Blank</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A heavy,
loosely woven fabric, usually of wool, and having a nap, used in bed
clothing; also, a similar fabric used as a robe; or any fabric used as a
cover for a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A piece of rubber, felt, or
woolen cloth, used in the tympan to make it soft and elastic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A streak or layer of blubber in
whales.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The use of blankets formerly as curtains in theaters explains the
following figure of Shakespeare.  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor heaven peep through the <i>blanket</i> of the dark<BR>
To cry, "Hold, hold!"<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Blanket sheet</b></col>, <cd>a newspaper of folio size.</cd> --
<col><b>A wet blanket</b></col>, <cd>anything which damps, chills,
dispirits, or discour&?;ges.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blan"ket</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blanketed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blanketing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a
blanket.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll . . . <i>blanket</i> my loins.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To toss in a blanket by way of
punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We'll have our men <i>blanket</i> 'em i' the hall.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take the wind out of the sails of (another
vessel) by sailing to windward of her.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blanket cattle</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Belted cattle</i>, under
<u>Belted</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blan"ket*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cloth for blankets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or punishment of tossing in a
blanket.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That affair of the <i>blanketing</i> happened to thee for
the fault thou wast guilty of.<BR>
<i>Smollett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blank"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a blank manner; without expression; vacuously; as, to stare
<i>blankly</i>.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Directly; flatly; point blank.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blank"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
blank.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Blan*quette"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>blanquette</i>, from <i>blanc</i> white.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A white
fricassee.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Blan*quil"lo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>blanquillo</i> whitish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large fish of
Florida and the W. Indies (<i>Caulolatilus chrysops</i>). It is red, marked
with yellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blare</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blared</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blaring</u>.] [OE. <i>blaren</i>, <i>bloren</i>, to cry, woop; cf. G.
<i>pl&auml;rren</i> to bleat, D. <i>blaren</i> to bleat, cry, weep. Prob.
an imitative word, but cf. also E. <i>blast</i>. Cf. <u>Blore</u>.] <def>To
sound loudly and somewhat harshly.</def> "The trumpet <i>blared</i>."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blare</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to sound like the
blare of a trumpet; to proclaim loudly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>blare</i> its own interpretation.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The harsh noise of a trumpet;
a loud and somewhat harsh noise, like the blast of a trumpet; a roar or
bellowing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>blare</i> of bugle, clamor of men.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His ears are stunned with the thunder's <i>blare</i>.<BR>
<i>J. R. Drake.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blar"ney</hw> (bl&auml;r"n&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Blarney</i>, a village and castle near Cork.] <def>Smooth, wheedling
talk; flattery.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Blarney stone</b></col>, <cd>a stone in Blarney castle, Ireland,
said to make those who kiss it proficient in the use of blarney.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blar"ney</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blarneyed</u> (-n&ibreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Blarneying</u>.] <def>To influence by blarney; to wheedle
with smooth talk; to make or accomplish by blarney.</def> "<i>Blarneyed</i>
the landlord."  <i>Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Had <i>blarneyed</i> his way from Long Island.<BR>
<i>S. G. Goodrich.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Bla*s&eacute;"</hw> (bl&adot;*z&asl;"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.,
p. p. of <i>blaser</i>.] <def>Having the sensibilities deadened by excess
or frequency of enjoyment; sated or surfeited with pleasure; used
up.</def></p>

<p><! p. 153 !></p>

<p><hw>Blas*pheme"</hw> (bl&abreve;s*f&emacr;m"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Blasphemed</u> (-f&emacr;md");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Blaspheming</u>.] [OE.
<i>blasfem&emacr;n</i>, L. <i>blasphemare</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>blasfhmei^n</grk>: cf. F. <i>blasph&eacute;mer</i>. See <u>Blame</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To speak of, or address, with
impious irreverence; to revile impiously (anything sacred); as, to
<i>blaspheme</i> the Holy Spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So Dagon shall be magnified, and God,<BR>
Besides whom is no god, compared with idols,<BR>
Disglorified, <i>blasphemed</i>, and had in scorn.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>How long, O Lord, holy and true, dost thou not judge and
avenge thyself on all those who thus continually <i>blaspheme</i> thy great
and all-glorious name?<BR>
<i>Dr. W. Beveridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, of persons and things not
religiously sacred, but held in high honor: To calumniate; to revile; to
abuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You do <i>blaspheme</i> the good in mocking me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who from our labors heap their board,<BR>
<i>Blaspheme</i> their feeder and forget their lord.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blas*pheme"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter
blasphemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that shall <i>blaspheme</i> against the Holy Ghost hath
never forgiveness.<BR>
<i>Mark iii. 29.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blas*phem"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
blasphemes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And each <i>blasphemer</i> quite escape the rod,<BR>
Because the insult's not on man, but God ?<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blas"phe*mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>blasphemus</i>, Gr. <i>&?;</i>.] <def>Speaking or writing blasphemy;
uttering or exhibiting anything impiously irreverent; profane; as, a
<i>blasphemous</i> person; containing blasphemy; as, a <i>blasphemous</i>
book; a <i>blasphemous</i> caricature.</def> "<i>Blasphemous</i>
publications."  <i>Porteus.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor from the Holy One of Heaven<BR>
Refrained his tongue <i>blasphemous</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly this word was accented on the second syllable, as in the
above example.</p>

<p><hw>Blas"phe*mous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a blasphemous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blas"phe*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>blasphemia</i>,
Gr. <i>&?;</i>: cf. OF. <i>blasphemie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
indignity offered to God in words, writing, or signs; impiously irreverent
words or signs addressed to, or used in reference to, God; speaking evil of
God; also, the act of claiming the attributes or prerogatives of
deity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When used generally in statutes or at common law,
<i>blasphemy</i> is the use of irreverent words or signs in reference to
the Supreme Being in such a way as to produce scandal or provoke
violence.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, of things held in high honor:
Calumny; abuse; vilification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Punished for his <i>blasphemy</i> against learning.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>-blast</hw> (&?;). [Gr. <i>&?;</i> sprout, shoot.] <def>A suffix or
terminal formative, used principally in biological terms, and signifying
<i>growth</i>, <i>formation</i>; as, bio<i>blast</i>, epi<i>blast</i>,
meso<i>blast</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blast</hw> (bl&adot;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>bl&aemacr;st</i> a puff of wind, a blowing; akin to Icel.
<i>bl&amacr;str</i>, OHG. <i>bl&amacr;st</i>, and fr. a verb akin to Icel.
<i>bl&amacr;sa</i> to blow, OHG. <i>bl&acirc;san</i>, Goth.
<i>bl&emacr;san</i> (in comp.); all prob. from the same root as E.
<i>blow</i>. See <u>Blow</u> to eject air.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
violent gust of wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And see where surly Winter passes off,<BR>
Far to the north, and calls his ruffian <i>blasts</i>;<BR>
His <i>blasts</i> obey, and quit the howling hill.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A forcible stream of air from an orifice, as
from a bellows, the mouth, etc. Hence: The continuous blowing to which one
charge of ore or metal is subjected in a furnace; as, to melt so many tons
of iron at a <i>blast</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The terms <i>hot blast</i> and <i>cold blast</i> are employed to
designate whether the current is heated or not heated before entering the
furnace. A blast furnace is said to be <i>in blast</i> while it is in
operation, and <i>out of blast</i> when not in use.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The exhaust steam from and engine, driving a
column of air out of a boiler chimney, and thus creating an intense draught
through the fire; also, any draught produced by the blast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The sound made by blowing a wind instrument;
strictly, the sound produces at one breath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>blast</i> upon his bugle horn<BR>
Were worth a thousand men.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>blast</i> of triumph o'er thy grave.<BR>
<i>Bryant.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A sudden, pernicious effect, as if by a noxious
wind, especially on animals and plants; a blight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the <i>blast</i> of God they perish.<BR>
<i>Job iv. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Virtue preserved from fell destruction's <i>blast</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The act of rending, or attempting to rend, heavy
masses of rock, earth, etc., by the explosion of gunpowder, dynamite, etc.;
also, the charge used for this purpose.</def> "Large <i>blasts</i> are
often used."  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A flatulent disease of sheep.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blast furnace</b></col>, <cd>a furnace, usually a shaft furnace
for smelting ores, into which air is forced by pressure.</cd> --
<col><b>Blast hole</b></col>, <cd>a hole in the bottom of a pump stock
through which water enters.</cd> -- <col><b>Blast nozzle</b></col>, <cd>a
fixed or variable orifice in the delivery end of a blast pipe; -- called
also <i>blast orifice</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>In full blast</b></col>, <cd>in
complete operation; in a state of great activity. See <u>Blast</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Blast</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Blasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Blasting</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To injure, as by a noxious wind; to cause to
wither; to stop or check the growth of, and prevent from fruit-bearing, by
some pernicious influence; to blight; to shrivel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seven thin ears, and <i>blasted</i> with the east wind.<BR>
<i>Gen. xii. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to affect with some sudden violence,
plague, calamity, or blighting influence, which destroys or causes to fail;
to visit with a curse; to curse; to ruin; as, to <i>blast</i> pride, hopes,
or character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll cross it, though it <i>blast</i> me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Blasted</i> with excess of light.<BR>
<i>T. Gray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To confound by a loud blast or din.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trumpeters,<BR>
With brazen din <i>blast</i> you the city's ear.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To rend open by any explosive agent, as
gunpowder, dynamite, etc.; to shatter; as, to <i>blast</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blast</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be
blighted or withered; as, the bud <i>blasted</i> in the blossom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To blow; to blow on a trumpet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Toke his blake trumpe faste<BR>
And gan to puffen and to <i>blaste</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blast"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Blighted; withered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon this <i>blasted</i> heath.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Confounded; accursed; detestable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some of her own <i>blasted</i> gypsies.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rent open by an explosive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>blasted</i> quarry thunders, heard remote.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Blas*te"ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Blastemata</b></plw> (&?;). [Gr. <i>&?;</i> bud, sprout.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The structureless, protoplasmic tissue of the embryo;
the primitive basis of an organ yet unformed, from which it
grows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blas*te"mal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Relating to the blastema; rudimentary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blas`te*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Connected with, or proceeding from, the blastema; blastemal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blast"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, blasts or destroys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blas"tide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.  <i>&?;</i> sprout,
fr. <i>&?;</i> to grow.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A small, clear space in the
segments of the ovum, the precursor of the nucleus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blast"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
blast; destruction by a blast, or by some pernicious cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have smitten you with <i>blasting</i> and mildew.<BR>
<i>Amos iv. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of one who, or that which,
blasts; the business of one who blasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blast"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sudden stroke or
injury produced by some destructive cause.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blas`to*car"pous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>
sprout, germ + <i>&?;</i> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Germinating inside the
pericarp, as the mangrove.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blas"to*c&oelig;le</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>blasto`s</grk> sprout + <grk>koi^los</grk> hollow.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The cavity of the blastosphere, or segmentation cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blas"to*cyst</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>blasto`s</grk> sprout + E. <i>cyst</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
germinal vesicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blas"to*derm</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>blasto`s</grk> sprout + E. <i>derm</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
germinal membrane in an ovum, from which the embryo is developed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Blas`to*der*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Blas`to*der"mic</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the blastoderm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blas`to*gen"e*sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>blasto`s</grk> sprout + E. <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Multiplication or increase by gemmation or budding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blas"toid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Blastoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Blas*toid"e*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>blasto`s</grk> sprout + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the divisions of Crinoidea found fossil in paleozoic rocks; pentremites.
They are so named on account of their budlike form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blas"to*mere</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>blasto`s</grk> sprout + <i>-mere</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the
segments first formed by the division of the ovum.</def>
<i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Blas`toph"o*ral</hw> (&?;), <hw>Blas`to*phor"ic</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to the blastophore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blas"to*phore</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>blasto`s</grk> sprout + <i>&?;</i> to bear.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That
portion of the spermatospore which is not converted into spermatoblasts,
but carries them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blas"to*pore</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>blasto`s</grk> sprout + E. <i>pore</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The pore
or opening leading into the cavity of invagination, or archenteron.</def>
[See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Invagination</u>.]  <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blas"to*sphere</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>blasto`s</grk> sprout + E. <i>sphere</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
hollow globe or sphere formed by the arrangement of the blastomeres on the
periphery of an impregnated ovum.</def> [See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Invagination</u>.]</p>

<p><hw>Blas"to*style</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>blasto`s</grk> sprout, bud + <i>&?;</i> a pillar.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>In certain hydroids, an imperfect zooid, whose special function is to
produce medusoid buds. See <u>Hydroidea</u>, and <u>Athecata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blast" pipe`</hw> (&?;). <def>The exhaust pipe of a steam engine, or
any pipe delivering steam or air, when so constructed as to cause a
blast.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Blas"tu*la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of Gr.
<grk>blasto`s</grk> a sprout.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That stage in the
development of the ovum in which the outer cells of the morula become more
defined and form the blastoderm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blas"tule</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Blastula</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blast"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Affected by blasts; gusty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing blast or injury.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blat</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cry, as a calf or
sheep; to bleat; to make a senseless noise; to talk inconsiderately.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Blat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter
inconsiderately.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><blockquote>If I have anything on my mind, I have to <i>blat</i> it
right out.<BR>
<i>W. D. Howells.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bla"tan*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Blatant
quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bla"tant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Bleat</u>.]
<def>Bellowing, as a calf; bawling; brawling; clamoring; disagreeably
clamorous; sounding loudly and harshly.</def> "Harsh and <i>blatant</i>
tone."  <i>R. H. Dana.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A monster, which the <i>blatant</i> beast men call.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Glory, that <i>blatant</i> word, which haunts some military
minds like the bray of the trumpet.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bla"tant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a blatant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blath"er*skite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blustering,
talkative fellow.</def> [Local slang, U. S.]  <i>Barllett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blat"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blattered</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>blaterare</i> to babble: cf.
F. <i>blat&eacute;rer</i> to bleat.] <def>To prate; to babble; to rail; to
make a senseless noise; to patter.</def> [Archaic] "The rain
<i>blattered</i>."  <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They procured . . . preachers to <i>blatter</i> against me,
. . . so that they had place and time to belie me shamefully.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blat`ter*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>blateratio</i> a babbling.] <def>Blattering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blat"ter*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who blatters;
a babbler; a noisy, blustering boaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blat"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Senseless babble or
boasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blat`ter*oon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>blatero</i>,
<i>-onis</i>.] <def>A senseless babbler or boaster.</def> [Obs.]  "I hate
such <i>blatteroons</i>."  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Blau"bok</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>blauwbok</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The blue buck. See <i>Blue buck</i>, under
<u>Blue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blay</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bl&?;ge</i>, fr.
<i>bl&?;c</i>, bleak, white; akin to Icel. <i>bleikja</i>, OHG.
<i>bleicha</i>, G. <i>bleihe</i>. See <u>Bleak</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish. See <u>Bleak</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Blaze</hw> (bl&amacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blase</i>, AS.
<i>bl&aelig;se</i>, <i>blase</i>; akin to OHG. <i>blass</i> whitish, G.
<i>blass</i> pale, MHG. <i>blas</i> torch, Icel. <i>blys</i> torch; perh.
fr. the same root as E. <i>blast</i>.  Cf. <u>Blast</u>, <u>Blush</u>,
<u>Blink</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stream of gas or vapor emitting
light and heat in the process of combustion; a bright flame.</def> "To
heaven the <i>blaze</i> uprolled."  <i>Croly.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intense, direct light accompanied with heat; as,
to seek shelter from the <i>blaze</i> of the sun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O dark, dark, dark, amid the <i>blaze</i> of noon!<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bursting out, or active display of any
quality; an outburst; a brilliant display.</def>  "Fierce <i>blaze</i> of
riot."  "His <i>blaze</i> of wrath."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For what is glory but the <i>blaze</i> of fame?<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Cf. D. <i>bles</i>; akin to E. <i>blaze</i> light.]
<def>A white spot on the forehead of a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A spot made on trees by chipping off a piece of
the bark, usually as a surveyor's mark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Three <i>blazes</i> in a perpendicular line on the same tree
indicating a legislative road, the single blaze a settlement or
neighborhood road.<BR>
<i>Carlton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>In a blaze</b></col>, <cd>on fire; burning with a flame; filled
with, giving, or reflecting light; excited or exasperated.</cd> --
<col><b>Like blazes</b></col>, <cd>furiously; rapidly.</cd> [Low] "The
horses did along <i>like blazes</i> tear."  <i>Poem in Essex
dialect.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In <i>low</i> language in the U. S., <i>blazes</i> is frequently
used of something extreme or excessive, especially of something very bad;
as, blue as <i>blazes</i>.  <i>Neal.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Blaze</u>, <u>Flame</u>.  A <i>blaze</i> and a
<i>flame</i> are both produced by burning gas. In <i>blaze</i> the idea of
light rapidly evolved is prominent, with or without heat; as, the
<i>blaze</i> of the sun or of a meteor. <i>Flame</i> includes a stronger
notion of heat; as, he perished in the <i>flames</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Blaze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Blazed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Blazing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shine with flame; to glow with flame; as, the
fire <i>blazes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send forth or reflect glowing or brilliant
light; to show a blaze.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And far and wide the icy summit <i>blazed</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be resplendent.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To blaze away</b></col>, <cd>to discharge a firearm, or to
continue firing; -- said esp. of a number of persons, as a line of
soldiers. Also used (fig.) of speech or action.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Blaze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark
(a tree) by chipping off a piece of the bark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I found my way by the <i>blazed</i> trees.<BR>
<i>Hoffman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To designate by blazing; to mark out, as by
blazed trees; as, to <i>blaze</i> a line or path.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Champollion died in 1832, having done little more than
<i>blaze</i> out the road to be traveled by others.<BR>
<i>Nott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blaze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blasen</i> to blow;
perh. confused with <i>blast</i> and <i>blaze</i> a flame, OE.
<i>blase</i>. Cf. <u>Blaze</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and see
<u>Blast</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make public far and wide; to make
known; to render conspicuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On charitable lists he <i>blazed</i> his name.<BR>
<i>Pollok.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>blaze</i> those virtues which the good would hide.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>To blazon.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blaz"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who spreads
reports or blazes matters abroad.</def> "<i>Blazers</i> of crime."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blaz"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Burning with a blaze; as, a
<i>blazing</i> fire; <i>blazing</i> torches.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Blazing star</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A comet.</cd>
[Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A brilliant center of attraction.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A name given to several plants; as,
to <i>Cham&aelig;lirium luteum</i> of the Lily family; <i>Liatris
squarrosa</i>; and <i>Aletris farinosa</i>, called also <i>colicroot</i>
and <i>star grass</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bla"zon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blason</i>,
<i>blasoun</i>, shield, fr. F. <i>blason</i> coat of arms, OF. shield, from
the root of AS. <i>bl&aelig;se</i> blaze, <i>i. e.</i>, luster, splendor,
MHG. <i>blas</i> torch See <u>Blaze</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shield.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An heraldic shield; a coat of arms, or a bearing
on a coat of arms; armorial bearings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>blazon</i> o'er his towers displayed.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The art or act of describing or depicting
heraldic bearings in the proper language or manner.</def>
<i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Ostentatious display, either by words or other
means; publication; show; description; record.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Obtrude the <i>blazon</i> of their exploits upon the
company.<BR>
<i>Collier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy tongue, thy face, thy limbs, actions, and spirit,<BR>
Do give thee fivefold <i>blazon</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bla"zon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blazoned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blazoning</u> (&?;).] [From <i>blazon</i>, n.; confused with 4th
<i>blaze</i>: cf. F. <i>blasonner</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To depict
in colors; to display; to exhibit conspicuously; to publish or make public
far and wide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thyself thou <i>blazon'st</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>There pride sits <i>blazoned</i> on th' unmeaning brow.<BR>
<i>Trumbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>blazon</i> his own worthless name.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deck; to embellish; to adorn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>blazons</i> in dread smiles her hideous form.<BR>
<i>Garth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>To describe in proper terms (the
figures of heraldic devices); also, to delineate (armorial bearings); to
emblazon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The coat of , arms, which I am not herald enough to
<i>blazon</i> into English.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bla"zon</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shine; to be
conspicuous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bla"zon*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gives
publicity, proclaims, or blazons; esp., one who blazons coats of arms; a
herald.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><! p. 154 !></p>

<p><hw>Bla"zon*ment</hw> (bl&amacr;"z'n*m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of blazoning; blazoning; emblazonment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bla"zon*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Same
as <u>Blazon</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The principles of <i>blazonry</i>.<BR>
<i>Peacham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coat of arms; an armorial bearing or
bearings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>blazonry</i> of Argyle.<BR>
<i>Lord Dufferin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Artistic representation or display.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blea</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part of a tree which
lies immediately under the bark; the alburnum or sapwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blea"ber*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Blaeberry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bleach</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bleached</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bleaching</u>.] [OE. <i>blakien</i>, <i>blechen</i>, v. t. &amp; v. i., AS.
bl&amacr;<i>cian</i>, <i>bl&?;can</i>, to grow pale; akin to Icel.
<i>bleikja</i>, Sw. <i>bleka</i>, Dan. <i>blege</i>, D. <i>bleeken</i>, G.
<i>bleichen</i>, AS. <i>bl&amacr;c</i> pale. See <u>Bleak</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To make white, or whiter; to remove the color,
or stains, from; to blanch; to whiten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The destruction of the coloring matters attached to the
bodies to be <i>bleached</i> is effected either by the action of the air
and light, of chlorine, or of sulphurous acid.<BR>
<i>Ure.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Immortal liberty, whose look sublime<BR>
Hath <i>bleached</i> the tyrant's cheek in every varying clime.<BR>
<i>Smollett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bleach</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow white or lose
color; to whiten.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bleached</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Whitened; make
white.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let their <i>bleached</i> bones, and blood's unbleaching
stain,<BR>
Long mark the battlefield with hideous awe.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bleach"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who whitens, or
whose occupation is to whiten, by bleaching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bleach"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bleacheries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A place or an establishment where
bleaching is done.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bleach"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
whitening, by removing color or stains; esp. the process of whitening
fabrics by chemical agents.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bleaching powder</b></col>, <cd>a powder for bleaching,
consisting of chloride of lime, or some other chemical or
chemicals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bleak</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blac</i>,
<i>bleyke</i>, <i>bleche</i>, AS. <i>bl&amacr;c</i>, <i>bl&?;c</i>, pale,
wan; akin to Icel.  <i>bleikr</i>, Sw. <i>blek</i>, Dan. <i>bleg</i>, OS.
<i>bl&?;k</i>, D. <i>bleek</i>, OHG. <i>pleih</i>, G.  <i>bleich</i>; all
from the root of AS. <i>bl&imacr;can</i> to shine; akin to OHG.
<i>bl&imacr;chen</i> to shine; cf. L. <i>flagrare</i> to burn, Gr.
<i>&?;</i> to burn, shine, Skr. <i>bhr&amacr;j</i> to shine, and E.
<i>flame</i>. &?;98. Cf. <u>Bleach</u>, <u>Blink</u>, <u>Flame</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without color; pale; pallid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When she came out she looked as pale and as <i>bleak</i> as
one that were laid out dead.<BR>
<i>Foxe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Desolate and exposed; swept by cold
winds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wastes too <i>bleak</i> to rear<BR>
The common growth of earth, the foodful ear.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>At daybreak, on the <i>bleak</i> sea beach.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cold and cutting; cheerless; as, a <i>bleak</i>
blast.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Bleak"ish</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Bleak"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Bleak"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bleak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Bleak</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, cf. <u>Blay</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
European river fish (<i>Leuciscus alburnus</i>), of the family
Cyprinid&aelig;; the blay.</def> [Written also <i>blick</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The silvery pigment lining the scales of the <i>bleak</i> is used
in the manufacture of artificial pearls.  <i>Baird.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bleak"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bleak.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blear</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Blear</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dim or sore with water or
rheum; -- said of the eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>blear</i> eyes ran in gutters to his chin.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing or caused by dimness of sight;
dim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Power to cheat the eye with <i>blear</i> illusion.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bleared</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Blearing</u>.]
[OE. <i>bleren</i>; cf. Dan. <i>plire</i> to blink, Sw. <i>plira</i> to
twinkle, wink, LG. <i>plieren</i>; perh. from the same root as E.
<i>blink</i>. See <u>Blink</u>, and cf. <u>Blur</u>.] <def>To make somewhat
sore or watery, as the eyes; to dim, or blur, as the sight. Figuratively:
To obscure (mental or moral perception); to blind; to hoodwink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That tickling rheums<BR>
Should ever tease the lungs and <i>blear</i> the sight.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To blear the eye of</b></col>, <cd>to deceive; to impose
upon.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bleared</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dimmed, as by a watery
humor; affected with rheum.</def> -- <wf>Blear"ed*ness</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Dardanian wives,<BR>
With <i>bleared</i> visages, come forth to view<BR>
The issue of the exploit.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blear"eye`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
disease of the eyelids, consisting in chronic inflammation of the margins,
with a gummy secretion of sebaceous matter.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blear"-eyed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having sore eyes; having the eyes dim with rheum; dim-
sighted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>blear-eyed</i> Crispin.<BR>
<i>Drant.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lacking in perception or penetration; short-
sighted; as, a <i>blear-eyed</i> bigot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blear"eyed`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
blear-eyed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blear"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
blear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bleat</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bleated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bleating</u>.] [OE. <i>bleten</i>, AS. <i>bl&?;tan</i>; akin to D.
<i>blaten</i>, <i>bleeten</i>, OHG. <i>bl&amacr;zan</i>,
<i>pl&amacr;zan</i>; prob. of imitative origin.] <def>To make the noise of,
or one like that of, a sheep; to cry like a sheep or calf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then suddenly was heard along the main,<BR>
To low the ox, to <i>bleat</i> the woolly train.<BR>
<i>Pope</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The ewe that will not hear her lamb when it baas, will never
answer a calf when he <i>bleats</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bleat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plaintive cry of, or like
that of, a sheep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bleat</i> of fleecy sheep.<BR>
<i>Chapman's Homer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bleat"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who bleats; a
sheep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In cold, stiff soils the <i>bleaters</i> oft complain<BR>
Of gouty ails.<BR>
<i>Dyer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bleat"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Crying as a sheep
does.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then came the shepherd back with his <i>bleating</i> flocks
from the seaside.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bleat"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The cry of, or as of, a
sheep.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bleb</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>bleb</i>,
<i>bleib</i>, <i>blob</i>, bubble, blister. This word belongs to the root
of <i>blub</i>, <i>blubber</i>, <i>blabber</i>, and perh. <i>blow</i> to
puff.] <def>A large vesicle or bulla, usually containing a serous fluid; a
blister; a bubble, as in water, glass, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arsenic abounds with air <i>blebs</i>.<BR>
<i>Kirwan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bleb"by</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing blebs, or
characterized by blebs; as, <i>blebby</i> glass.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bleck</hw>, <hw>Blek</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To blacken; also, to defile.</def> [Obs. or Dial.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bled</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Bleed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blee</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ble&oacute;</i>,
<i>ble&oacute;h</i>.] <def>Complexion; color; hue; likeness; form.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>For him which is so bright of <i>blee</i>.<BR>
<i>Lament. of Mary Magd.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That boy has a strong <i>blee</i> of his father.<BR>
<i>Forby.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bleed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bleeding</u>.] [OE. <i>bleden</i>, AS. <i>bl&?;dan</i>, fr.
<i>bl&?;d</i> blood; akin to Sw. <i>bl&ouml;da</i>, Dan. <i>bl&ouml;de</i>,
D. <i>bloeden</i>, G. <i>bluten</i>. See <u>Blood</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To emit blood; to lose blood; to run with blood, by whatever means;
as, the arm <i>bleeds</i>; the wound <i>bled</i> freely; to <i>bleed</i> at
the nose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw blood from the body; to let blood;
as, Dr. A. <i>bleeds</i> in fevers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lose or shed one's blood, as in case of a
violent death or severe wounds; to die by violence.</def> "C&aelig;sar must
<i>bleed</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lamb thy riot dooms to <i>bleed</i> to-day.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To issue forth, or drop, as blood from an
incision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For me the balm shall <i>bleed</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To lose sap, gum, or juice; as, a tree or a vine
<i>bleeds</i> when tapped or wounded.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To pay or lose money; to have money drawn or
extorted; as, to <i>bleed</i> freely for a cause.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To make the heart bleed</b></col>, <cd>to cause extreme pain, as
from sympathy or pity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bleed</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let
blood from; to take or draw blood from, as by opening a vein.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lose, as blood; to emit or let drop, as
sap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A decaying pine of stately size, <i>bleeding</i> amber.<BR>
<i>H. Miller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw money from (one); to induce to pay; as,
they <i>bled</i> him freely for this fund.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Bleed"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who, or that which, draws blood.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One in whom slight wounds give rise to profuse or
uncontrollable bleeding.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Bleed"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Emitting, or appearing to
emit, blood or sap, etc.; also, expressing anguish or compassion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bleed"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A running or issuing of
blood, as from the nose or a wound; a hemorrhage; the operation of letting
blood, as in surgery; a drawing or running of sap from a tree or
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blem"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blemished</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blemishing</u>.] [OE. <i>blemissen</i>, <i>blemishen</i>, OF.
<i>blemir</i>, <i>blesmir</i>, to strike, injure, soil, F.
<i>bl&ecirc;mir</i> to grow pale, fr. OF. <i>bleme</i>, <i>blesme</i>,
pale, wan, F. <i>bl&ecirc;me</i>, prob. fr. Icel <i>bl&amacr;man</i> the
livid color of a wound, fr.  <i>bl&amacr;r</i> blue; akin to E.
<i>blue</i>. OF. <i>blemir</i> properly signifies to beat one (black and)
blue, and to render blue or dirty. See <u>Blue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To mark with deformity; to injure or impair, as anything which is well
formed, or excellent; to mar, or make defective, either the body or
mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sin is a soil which <i>blemisheth</i> the beauty of thy
soul.<BR>
<i>Brathwait.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tarnish, as reputation or character; to
defame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There had nothing passed between us that might
<i>blemish</i> reputation.<BR>
<i>Oldys.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blem"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Blemishes</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Any mark of deformity or injury,
whether physical or moral; anything that diminishes beauty, or renders
imperfect that which is otherwise well formed; that which impairs
reputation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall take two he lambs without <i>blemish</i>, and one
ewe lamb of the first year without blemish.<BR>
<i>Lev. xiv. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The reliefs of an envious man are those little
<i>blemishes</i> and imperfections that discover themselves in an
illustrious character.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Spot; speck; flaw; deformity; stain; defect; fault;
taint; reproach; dishonor; imputation; disgrace.</p>

<p><hw>Blem"ish*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without blemish;
spotless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A life in all so <i>blemishless</i>.<BR>
<i>Feltham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blem"ish*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being blemished; blemish; disgrace; damage; impairment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For dread of blame and honor's <i>blemishment</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blench</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blenched</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blenching</u>.] [OE. <i>blenchen</i> to blench, elude, deceive, AS.
<i>blencan</i> to deceive; akin to Icel. <i>blekkja</i> to impose upon.
Prop. a causative of <i>blink</i> to make to wink, to deceive. See
<u>Blink</u>, and cf. 3d <u>Blanch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shrink;
to start back; to draw back, from lack of courage or resolution; to flinch;
to quail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Blench</i> not at thy chosen lot.<BR>
<i>Bryant.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This painful, heroic task he undertook, and never
<i>blenched</i> from its fulfillment.<BR>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fly off; to turn aside.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though sometimes you do <i>blench</i> from this to that.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blench</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
baffle; to disconcert; to turn away; -- also, to obstruct; to hinder.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye should have somewhat <i>blenched</i> him therewith, yet
he might and would of likelihood have gone further.<BR>
<i>Sir T. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw back from; to deny from fear.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He now <i>blenched</i> what before he affirmed.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blench</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A looking aside or
askance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>blenches</i> gave my heart another youth.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blench</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Blanch</u>.]
<def>To grow or make pale.</def>  <i>Barbour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blench"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, scares another; specifically, a person
stationed to prevent the escape of the deer, at a hunt. See
<u>Blancher</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who blenches, flinches, or shrinks
back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blench" hold`ing</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>See <u>Blanch
holding</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blend</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blended</u> or <u>Blent</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Blending</u>.] [OE. <i>blenden</i>, <i>blanden</i>, AS.
<i>blandan</i> to blend, mix; akin to Goth. <i>blandan</i> to mix, Icel.
<i>blanda</i>, Sw. <i>blanda</i>, Dan. <i>blande</i>, OHG. <i>blantan</i>
to mis; to unknown origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mix or mingle
together; esp. to mingle, combine, or associate so that the separate things
mixed, or the line of demarcation, can not be distinguished. Hence: To
confuse; to confound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Blending</i> the grand, the beautiful, the gay.<BR>
<i>Percival.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pollute by mixture or association; to spoil
or corrupt; to blot; to stain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To commingle; combine; fuse; merge; amalgamate;
harmonize.</p>

<p><hw>Blend</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To mingle; to mix; to
unite intimately; to pass or shade insensibly into each other, as
colors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a tone of solemn and sacred feeling that
<i>blends</i> with our conviviality.<BR>
<i>Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blend</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thorough mixture of one
thing with another, as color, tint, etc., into another, so that it cannot
be known where one ends or the other begins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blend</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>blendan</i>, from
<i>blind</i> blind. See <u>Blind</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To make
blind, literally or figuratively; to dazzle; to deceive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blende</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr. <i>blenden</i> to
blind, dazzle, deceive, fr. <i>blind</i> blind. So called either in
allusion to its dazzling luster; or (<i>Dana</i>) because, though often
resembling galena, it yields no lead. Cf. <u>Sphalerite</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mineral, called also <i>sphalerite</i>, and by
miners <i>mock lead</i>, <i>false galena</i>, and <i>black-jack</i>. It is
a zinc sulphide, but often contains some iron. Its color is usually yellow,
brown, or black, and its luster resinous.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
general term for some minerals, chiefly metallic sulphides which have a
somewhat brilliant but nonmetallic luster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blend"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, blends; an instrument, as a brush, used in blending.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blend"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of mingling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>The method of laying on
different tints so that they may mingle together while wet, and shade into
each other insensibly.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blend"ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
consisting of, or containing, blende.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blend"wa`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A distemper
incident to cattle, in which their livers are affected.</def>
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blen"heim span"iel</hw> (&?;). [So called from <i>Blenheim
House</i>, the seat of the duke of Marlborough, in England.] <def>A small
variety of spaniel, kept as a pet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blenk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To blink; to shine; to
look.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Blen"ni*oid</hw> (&?;), <hw>Blen"ni*id</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Blenny</i> + <i>-oid</i>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the blennies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blen*nog"e*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>
mucus + <i>-genous</i>.] <def>Generating mucus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Blen`nor*rhe"a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>
mucus + <i>&?;</i> to flow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
inordinate secretion and discharge of mucus.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Gonorrhea.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blen"ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Blennies</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>blennius</i>, <i>blendius</i>,
<i>blendea</i>, Gr. <i>&?;</i>, fr. <i>&?;</i> slime, mucus.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine fish of the genus <i>Blennius</i> or
family <i>Blenniid&aelig;</i>; -- so called from its coating of mucus. The
species are numerous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Blend</u> to
mingle. <def>Mingled; mixed; blended; also, polluted; stained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rider and horse, friend, foe, in one red burial
<i>blent</i>.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blent</hw>, <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Blend</u> to blind.
<def>Blinded.  Also (<i>Chaucer</i>), <pos><i>3d sing. pres.</i></pos>
Blindeth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bles"bok</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D., fr. <i>bles</i> a
white spot on the forehead + <i>bok</i> buck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
South African antelope (<i>Alcelaphus albifrons</i>), having a large white
spot on the forehead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bless</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blessed</u> (&?;) or <u>Blest</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Blessing</u>.] [OE. <i>blessien</i>, <i>bletsen</i>, AS.
<i>bletsian</i>, <i>bledsian</i>, <i>bloedsian</i>, fr. <i>bl&?;d</i>
blood; prob. originally to consecrate by sprinkling with blood. See
<u>Blood</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make or pronounce holy; to
consecrate</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And God <i>blessed</i> the seventh day, and sanctified
it.<BR>
<i>Gen. ii. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make happy, blithesome, or joyous; to confer
prosperity or happiness upon; to grant divine favor to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The quality of mercy is . . . twice <i>blest</i>;<BR>
It <i>blesseth</i> him that gives and him that takes.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It hath pleased thee to <i>bless</i> the house of thy
servant, that it may continue forever before thee.<BR>
<i>1 Chron. xvii. 27 (R. V. )</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To express a wish or prayer for the happiness
of; to invoke a blessing upon; -- applied to persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bless</i> them which persecute you.<BR>
<i>Rom. xii. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To invoke or confer beneficial attributes or
qualities upon; to invoke or confer a blessing on, -- as on food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then he took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking
up to heaven, he <i>blessed</i> them.<BR>
<i>Luke ix. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make the sign of the cross upon; to cross
(one's self).</def> [Archaic]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To guard; to keep; to protect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To praise, or glorify; to extol for
excellences.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bless</i> the Lord, O my soul: and all that is within me,
<i>bless</i> his holy name.<BR>
<i>Ps. ciii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To esteem or account happy; to
felicitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nations shall <i>bless</i> themselves in him.<BR>
<i>Jer. iv. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To wave; to brandish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And burning blades about their heads do <i>bless</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Round his armed head his trenchant blade he
<i>blest</i>.<BR>
<i>Fairfax.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; This is an old sense of the word, supposed by Johnson, Nares, and
others, to have been derived from the old rite of blessing a field by
directing the hands to all parts of it. "In drawing [their bow] some fetch
such a compass as though they would turn about and <i>bless</i> all the
field."  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><! p. 155 !></p>

<p><col><b>Bless me!</b></col> <col><b>Bless us!</b></col> <cd>an
exclamation of surprise.</cd> <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>To bless
from</b></col>, <cd>to secure, defend, or preserve from.</cd> "<i>Bless</i>
me <i>from</i> marrying a usurer."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>bless</i> the doors <i>from</i> nightly harm.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To bless with</b></col>, <col><b>To be blessed
with</b></col>, <cd>to favor or endow with; to be favored or endowed with;
as, God <i>blesses</i> us <i>with</i> health; we are <i>blessed with</i>
happiness.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bless"ed</hw> (bl&ebreve;s"&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hallowed; consecrated; worthy of blessing or
adoration; heavenly; holy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, run; prevent them with thy humble ode,<BR>
And lay it lowly at his <i>blessed</i> feet.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Enjoying happiness or bliss; favored with
blessings; happy; highly favored.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All generations shall call me <i>blessed</i>.<BR>
<i>Luke i. 48.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Towards England's <i>blessed</i> shore.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Imparting happiness or bliss; fraught with
happiness; blissful; joyful.</def>  "Then was a <i>blessed</i> time."  "So
<i>blessed</i> a disposition."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Enjoying, or pertaining to, spiritual happiness,
or heavenly felicity; as, the <i>blessed</i> in heaven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reverenced like a <i>blessed</i> saint.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Cast out from God and <i>blessed</i> vision.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Beatified.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Used euphemistically, ironically, or
intensively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not a <i>blessed</i> man came to set her [a boat] free.<BR>
<i>R. D. Blackmore.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bless"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Happily; fortunately;
joyfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall <i>blessedly</i> meet again never to depart.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bless"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
blessed; happiness; felicity; bliss; heavenly joys; the favor of
God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The assurance of a future <i>blessedness</i>.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Single blessedness</b></col>, <cd>the unmarried state.</cd>
"Grows, lives, and dies in <i>single blessedness</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Delight; beatitude; ecstasy.  See <u>Happiness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bless"ed this"tle</hw> (&?;). <def>See under
<u>Thistle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bless"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who blesses; one
who bestows or invokes a blessing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bless"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bletsung</i>. See
<u>Bless</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
one who blesses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A declaration of divine favor, or an invocation
imploring divine favor on some or something; a benediction; a wish of
happiness pronounces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the <i>blessing</i>, where with Moses the man of God
blessed the children of Israel.<BR>
<i>Deut. xxxiii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A means of happiness; that which promotes
prosperity and welfare; a beneficent gift.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature's full <i>blessings</i> would be well dispensed.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bib.)</i> <def>A gift.</def> [A Hebraism]
<i>Gen. xxxiii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Grateful praise or worship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blest</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Blessed.</def> "This patriarch
<i>blest</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>White these <i>blest</i> sounds my ravished ear assail.<BR>
<i>Trumbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blet</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>blet</i>,
<i>blette</i>, a., soft from over ripeness.] <def>A form of decay in fruit
which is overripe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ble"ton*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The supposed
faculty of perceiving subterraneous springs and currents by sensation; --
so called from one <i>Bleton</i>, of France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blet"ting</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A form of decay seen
in fleshy, overripe fruit.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blew</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Blow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bleyme</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bleime</i>.]
<i>(Far.)</i> <def>An inflammation in the foot of a horse, between the sole
and the bone.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bleyn"te</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Blench</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blick"ey</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>blik</i> tin.]
<def>A tin dinner pail.</def> [Local, U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blight</hw> (bl&imacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blighting</u>.] [Perh. contr. from AS. <i>bl&imacr;cettan</i> to
glitter, fr. the same root as E. <i>bleak</i>. The meaning "to blight"
comes in that case from to glitter, hence, to be white or pale, grow pale,
make pale, bleach. Cf. <u>Bleach</u>, <u>Bleak</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To affect with blight; to blast; to prevent the growth and fertility
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[This vapor] blasts vegetables, <i>blights</i> corn and
fruit, and is sometimes injurious even to man.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To destroy the happiness of; to ruin; to
mar essentially; to frustrate; as, to <i>blight</i> one's
prospects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seared in heart and lone and <i>blighted</i>.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blight</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be affected by blight;
to blast; as, this vine never <i>blights</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blight</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mildew;
decay; anything nipping or blasting; -- applied as a general name to
various injuries or diseases of plants, causing the whole or a part to
wither, whether occasioned by insects, fungi, or atmospheric
influences.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of blighting, or the state of being
blighted; a withering or mildewing, or a stoppage of growth in the whole or
a part of a plant, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which frustrates one's plans or withers
one's hopes; that which impairs or destroys.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>blight</i> seemed to have fallen over our fortunes.<BR>
<i>Disraeli.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A downy species of aphis, or
plant louse, destructive to fruit trees, infesting both the roots and
branches; -- also applied to several other injurious insects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A rashlike eruption on the human
skin.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Blight"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing blight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blight"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to cause
blight.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Blim"bi</hw> (&?;), <hw>Blim"bing</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Bilimbi</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blinnen</i>,
AS. <i>blinnan</i>; pref. <i>be-</i> + <i>linnan</i> to cease.] <def>To
stop; to cease; to desist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>blinn</i>.] <def>Cessation;
end.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Blind</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.; akin to D., G., OS.,
Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>blind</i>, Icel. <i>blindr</i>, Goth. <i>blinds</i>; of
uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of the sense of
seeing, either by natural defect or by deprivation; without
sight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is strucken <i>blind</i> can not forget<BR>
The precious treasure of his eyesight lost.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not having the faculty of discernment; destitute
of intellectual light; unable or unwilling to understand or judge; as,
authors are <i>blind</i> to their own defects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But hard be hardened, <i>blind</i> be blinded more,<BR>
That they may stumble on, and deeper fall.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Undiscerning; undiscriminating;
inconsiderate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This plan is recommended neither to <i>blind</i> approbation
nor to <i>blind</i> reprobation.<BR>
<i>Jay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having such a state or condition as a thing
would have to a person who is blind; not well marked or easily discernible;
hidden; unseen; concealed; as, a <i>blind</i> path; a <i>blind</i>
ditch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Involved; intricate; not easily followed or
traced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>blind</i> mazes of this tangled wood.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Having no openings for light or passage; as, a
<i>blind</i> wall; open only at one end; as, a <i>blind</i> alley; a
<i>blind</i> gut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Unintelligible, or not easily intelligible; as,
a <i>blind</i> passage in a book; illegible; as, <i>blind</i>
writing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>Abortive; failing to produce
flowers or fruit; as, <i>blind</i> buds; <i>blind</i> flowers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blind alley</b></col>, <cd>an alley closed at one end; a <i>cul-
de-sac</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blind axle</b></col>, <cd>an axle which turns
but does not communicate motion.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Blind
beetle</b></col>, <cd>one of the insects apt to fly against people, esp. at
night.</cd> -- <col><b>Blind cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
species of catfish (<i>Gronias nigrolabris</i>), nearly destitute of eyes,
living in caverns in Pennsylvania.</cd> -- <col><b>Blind coal</b></col>,
<cd>coal that burns without flame; anthracite coal.</cd> <i>Simmonds.</i> -
- <col><b>Blind door</b></col>, <col><b>Blind window</b></col>, <cd>an
imitation of a door or window, without an opening for passage or light. See
<i>Blank door or window</i>, under <u>Blank</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd>
-- <col><b>Blind level</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a level or drainage
gallery which has a vertical shaft at each end, and acts as an inverted
siphon.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Blind nettle</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>dead nettle. See <i>Dead nettle</i>, under
<u>Dead</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blind shell</b></col> <i>(Gunnery)</i>, <cd>a
shell containing no charge, or one that does not explode.</cd> --
<col><b>Blind side</b></col>, <cd>the side which is most easily assailed; a
weak or unguarded side; the side on which one is least able or disposed to
see danger.</cd> <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Blind snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small, harmless, burrowing snake, of the family
<i>Typhlopid&aelig;</i>, with rudimentary eyes.</cd> -- <col><b>Blind
spot</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the point in the retina of the eye where
the optic nerve enters, and which is insensible to light.</cd> --
<col><b>Blind tooling</b></col>, <cd>in bookbinding and leather work, the
indented impression of heated tools, without gilding; -- called also
<i>blank tooling</i>, and <i>blind blocking</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blind
wall</b></col>, <cd>a wall without an opening; a blank wall.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blind</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blinded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blinding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make blind; to deprive of
sight or discernment.</def> "To <i>blind</i> the truth and me."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A blind guide is certainly a great mischief; but a guide
that <i>blinds</i> those whom he should lead is . . .  a much greater.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive partially of vision; to make vision
difficult for and painful to; to dazzle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her beauty all the rest did <i>blind</i>.<BR>
<i>P. Fletcher.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To darken; to obscure to the eye or
understanding; to conceal; to deceive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such darkness <i>blinds</i> the sky.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The state of the controversy between us he endeavored, with
all his art, to <i>blind</i> and confound.<BR>
<i>Stillingfleet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a thin coating of sand and fine
gravel; as a road newly paved, in order that the joints between the stones
may be filled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blind</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something to hinder sight or keep out light; a screen; a cover; esp. a
hinged screen or shutter for a window; a blinder for a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something to mislead the eye or the
understanding, or to conceal some covert deed or design; a
subterfuge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>blindes</i>, p&?;., fr. G. <i>blende</i>,
fr. <i>blenden</i> to blind, fr. <i>blind</i> blind.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
blindage. See <u>Blindage</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A halting place.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Blind</hw>, <hw>Blinde</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Blende</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blind"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>blindage</i>.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A cover or protection for an advanced trench or
approach, formed of fascines and earth supported by a framework.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blind"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, blinds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Saddlery)</i> <def>One of the leather screens on
a bridle, to hinder a horse from seeing objects at the side; a
blinker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blind"fish`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small fish
(<i>Amblyopsis spel&aelig;us</i>) destitute of eyes, found in the waters of
the Mammoth Cave, in Kentucky. Related fishes from other caves take the
same name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blind"fold`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blindfolded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blindfolding</u>.] [OE. <i>blindfolden</i>, <i>blindfelden</i>,
<i>blindfellen</i>; AS. <i>blind</i> blind + prob. <i>fellan</i>,
<i>fyllan</i>, to fell, strike down.] <def>To cover the eyes of, as with a
bandage; to hinder from seeing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And when they had <i>blindfolded</i> him, they struck him on
the face.<BR>
<i>Luke xxii. 64.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blind"fold`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the eyes covered;
blinded; having the mental eye darkened. Hence: Heedless; reckless; as,
<i>blindfold</i> zeal; <i>blindfold</i> fury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fate's <i>blindfold</i> reign the atheist loudly owns.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blind"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making blind or as if
blind; depriving of sight or of understanding; obscuring; as,
<i>blinding</i> tears; <i>blinding</i> snow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blind"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thin coating of sand and
fine gravel over a newly paved road. See <u>Blind</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blind"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without sight,
discernment, or understanding; without thought, investigation, knowledge,
or purpose of one's own.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By his imperious mistress <i>blindly</i> led.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blind"man's buff"</hw> (&?;). [See <u>Buff</u> a buffet.] <def>A
play in which one person is blindfolded, and tries to catch some one of the
company and tell who it is.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Surely he fancies I play at <i>blindman's buff</i> with him,
for he thinks I never have my eyes open.<BR>
<i>Stillingfleet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blind`man's hol"i*day</hw> (&?;). <def>The time between daylight and
candle light.</def> [Humorous]</p>

<p><hw>Blind"ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or condition
of being blind, literally or figuratively.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Color blindness</b></col>, <cd>inability to distinguish certain
color. See <u>Daltonism</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blind"sto`ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The triforium as opposed to the clearstory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blind"worm`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small, burrowing, snakelike, limbless lizard (<i>Anguis
fragilis</i>), with minute eyes, popularly believed to be blind; the
slowworm; -- formerly a name for the adder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Newts and <i>blindworms</i> do no wrong.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blink</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blinked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blinking</u>.] [OE. <i>blenken</i>; akin to dan. <i>blinke</i>, Sw.
<i>blinka</i>, G. <i>blinken</i> to shine, glance, wink, twinkle, D.
blinken to shine; and prob. to D. <i>blikken</i> to glance, twinkle, G.
<i>blicken</i> to look, glance, AS. bl&imacr;<i>can</i> to shine, E.
<i>bleak</i>. &radic;98. See <u>Bleak</u>; cf. 1st <u>Blench</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wink; to twinkle with, or as with, the
eye.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One eye was <i>blinking</i>, and one leg was lame.<BR>
<i>Pope</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To see with the eyes half shut, or indistinctly
and with frequent winking, as a person with weak eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Show me thy chink, to <i>blink</i> through with mine
eyne.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To shine, esp. with intermittent light; to
twinkle; to flicker; to glimmer, as a lamp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dew was falling fast, the stars began to
<i>blink</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun <i>blinked</i> fair on pool and stream .<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To turn slightly sour, as beer, mild,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shut
out of sight; to avoid, or purposely evade; to shirk; as, to <i>blink</i>
the question.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To trick; to deceive.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blink</i>. See
<u>Blink</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A glimpse
or glance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the first <i>blink</i> that ever I had of him.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gleam; glimmer; sparkle.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not a <i>blink</i> of light was there.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The dazzling whiteness about the
horizon caused by the reflection of light from fields of ice at sea; ice
blink.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <pos><i>pl.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Blencher</u>.]
<i>(Sporting)</i> <def>Boughs cast where deer are to pass, to turn or check
them.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Blink"ard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Blind</i> + <i>-
ard</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who blinks with, or as with, weak
eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among the blind the one-eyed <i>blinkard</i> reigns.<BR>
<i>Marvell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which twinkles or glances, as a dim star,
which appears and disappears.</def>  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blink" beer`</hw> (&?;) <def>Beer kept unbroached until it is
sharp.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blink"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, blinks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blinder for horses; a flap of leather on a
horse's bridle to prevent him from seeing objects as his side hence,
whatever obstructs sight or discernment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor bigots who but one way see,<BR>
through <i>blinkers</i> of authority.<BR>
<i>M. Green.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <pos><i>pl.</i></pos> <def>A kind of goggles, used to
protect the eyes form glare, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blink"-eyed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Habitually
winking.</def>  <i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blirt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A gust of
wind and rain.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bliss</hw> (bl&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Blisses</b></plw> (bl&ibreve;s"&ebreve;z). [OE. <i>blis</i>,
<i>blisse</i>, AS. <i>blis</i>, <i>bl&imacr;&eth;s</i>, fr.
<i>bl&imacr;&eth;e</i> blithe. See <u>Blithe</u>.] <def>Orig.,
blithesomeness; gladness; now, the highest degree of happiness;
blessedness; exalted felicity; heavenly joy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An then at last our <i>bliss</i><BR>
Full and perfect is.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blessedness; felicity; beatitude; happiness; joy;
enjoyment. See <u>Happiness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bliss"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of,
characterized by, or causing, joy and felicity; happy in the highest
degree.</def>  "<i>Blissful</i> solitude." <i>Milton.</i> --
<wf>Bliss"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Bliss"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bliss"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of bliss.</def>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blis"som</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [For <i>blithesome</i>:
but cf. also Icel. <i>bl&?;sma</i> of a goat at heat.] <def>To be lustful;
to be lascivious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Blis"som</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lascivious; also, in heat;
-- said of ewes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blis"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.; akin to OD.
<i>bluyster</i>, fr. the same root as <i>blast</i>, <i>bladder</i>,
<i>blow</i>. See <u>Blow</u> to eject wind.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
vesicle of the skin, containing watery matter or serum, whether occasioned
by a burn or other injury, or by a vesicatory; a collection of serous fluid
causing a bladderlike elevation of the cuticle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And painful <i>blisters</i> swelled my tender hands.<BR>
<i>Grainger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any elevation made by the separation of the film
or skin, as on plants; or by the swelling of the substance at the surface,
as on steel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vesicatory; a plaster of Spanish flies, or
other matter, applied to raise a blister.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Blister beetle</b></col>, <cd>a beetle used to raise blisters,
esp. the <i>Lytta (or Cantharis) vesicatoria</i>, called <i>Cantharis</i>
or <i>Spanish fly</i> by druggists. See <u>Cantharis</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Blister fly</b></col>, <cd>a blister beetle.</cd> --
<col><b>Blister plaster</b></col>, <cd>a plaster designed to raise a
blister; -- usually made of Spanish flies.</cd> -- <col><b>Blister
steel</b></col>, <cd>crude steel formed from wrought iron by cementation; -
- so called because of its blistered surface. Called also <i>blistered
steel</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blood blister</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Blood</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blis"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blistered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blistering</u>.] <def>To be affected with a blister or blisters; to have
a blister form on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let my tongue <i>blister</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blis"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
raise a blister or blisters upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My hands were <i>blistered</i>.<BR>
<i>Franklin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give pain to, or to injure, as if by a
blister.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This tyrant, whose sole name <i>blisters</i> our tongue.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blis"ter*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
blisters.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blite</hw> (bl&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>blitum</i>, Gr.
<grk>bli`ton</grk>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of herbs (<i>Blitum</i>>)
with a fleshy calyx. <i>Blitum capitatum</i> is the strawberry
<i>blite</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 156 !></p>

<p><hw>Blithe</hw> (bl&imacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>bl&imacr;&eth;e</i> blithe, kind; akin to Goth. <i>blei&thorn;s</i>
kind, Icel. <i>bl&imacr;&eth;r</i> mild, gentle, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>blid</i>
gentle, D. <i>blijd</i> blithe, OHG. <i>bl&imacr;di</i> kind, blithe.]
<def>Gay; merry; sprightly; joyous; glad; cheerful; as, a <i>blithe</i>
spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>blithe</i> sounds of festal music.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A daughter fair,<BR>
So buxom, <i>blithe</i>, and debonair.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blithe"ful</hw> (bl&imacr;&thlig;"f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Gay; full of gayety; joyous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blithe"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a blithe
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blithe"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
blithe.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blithe"some</hw> (-s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cheery;
gay; merry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>blithesome</i> sounds of wassail gay.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Blithe"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Blithe"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Blive</hw> (bl&imacr;v), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [A contraction of
<u>Belive</u>.] <def>Quickly; forthwith.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bliz"zard</hw> (bl&ibreve;z"z&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Blaze</u> to flash. Formerly, in local use, a rattling volley; cf. "to
<i>blaze</i> away" to fire away.] <def>A gale of piercingly cold wind,
usually accompanied with fine and blinding snow; a furious blast.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bloat</hw> (bl&omacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bloated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bloating</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>blotna</i> to become soft, <i>blautr</i>
soft, wet, Sw. <i>bl&ouml;t</i> soft, <i>bl&ouml;ta</i> to soak; akin to G.
<i>bloss</i> bare, and AS. <i>ble&aacute;t</i> wretched; or perh. fr. root
of Eng. 5th <i>blow</i>. Cf. <u>Blote</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
turgid, as with water or air; to cause a swelling of the surface of, from
effusion of serum in the cellular tissue, producing a morbid enlargement,
often accompanied with softness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inflate; to puff up; to make vain.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bloat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow turgid as by
effusion of liquid in the cellular tissue; to puff out; to swell.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bloat</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bloated.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bloat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A term of contempt for a
worthless, dissipated fellow.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Bloat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dry (herrings) in smoke.
See <u>Blote</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloat"ed</hw> (bl&omacr;t"&ebreve;d), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<def>Distended beyond the natural or usual size, as by the presence of
water, serum, etc.; turgid; swollen; as, a <i>bloated</i> face. Also,
puffed up with pride; pompous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloat"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
bloated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloat"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bloat</u>,
<u>Blote</u>.] <def>The common herring, esp. when of large size, smoked,
and half dried; -- called also <i>bloat herring</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blob</hw> (bl&obreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bleb</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something blunt and round; a small drop or lump of
something viscid or thick; a drop; a bubble; a blister.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small fresh-water fish
(<i>Uranidea Richardsoni</i>); the miller's thumb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blob"ber</hw> (bl&obreve;b"b&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Blubber</u>, <u>Blub</u>.] <def>A bubble; blubber.</def> [Low]  <i>T.
Carew.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Blobber lip</b></col>, <cd>a thick, protruding lip.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>blobber</i> lips and beetle brows commend.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blob"ber-lipped`</hw> (-l&ibreve;pt`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having thick lips.</def> "A <i>blobber-lipped</i> shell."
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Blo*cage"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The roughest and cheapest sort of rubblework, in masonry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Block</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blok</i>; cf. F.
<i>bloc</i> (fr. OHG.), D. &amp; Dan. <i>blok</i>, Sw. &amp; G. <i>block</i>, OHG.
<i>bloch</i>. There is also an OHG. <i>bloch</i>, <i>biloh</i>; <i>bi</i>
by + the same root as that of E. <i>lock</i>. Cf. <u>Block</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, <u>Blockade</u>, and see <u>Lock</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of wood more or less bulky; a solid mass
of wood, stone, etc., usually with one or more plane, or approximately
plane, faces; as, a <i>block</i> on which a butcher chops his meat; a
<i>block</i> by which to mount a horse; children's playing <i>blocks</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now all our neighbors' chimneys smoke,<BR>
And Christmas <i>blocks</i> are burning.<BR>
<i>Wither.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>All her labor was but as a <i>block</i><BR>
Left in the quarry.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The solid piece of wood on which condemned
persons lay their necks when they are beheaded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Noble heads which have been brought to the <i>block</i>.<BR>
<i>E. Everett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The wooden mold on which hats, bonnets, etc.,
are shaped.</def> Hence: <def>The pattern or shape of a hat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He wears his faith but as the fashion of his hat; it ever
changes with the next <i>block</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A large or long building divided into separate
houses or shops, or a number of houses or shops built in contact with each
other so as to form one building; a row of houses or shops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A square, or portion of a city inclosed by
streets, whether occupied by buildings or not.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The new city was laid out in rectangular <i>blocks</i>, each
<i>block</i> containing thirty building lots. Such an average <i>block</i>,
comprising 282 houses and covering nine acres of ground, exists in Oxford
Street.<BR>
<i>Lond. Quart. Rev.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A grooved pulley or sheave incased in a frame or
shell which is provided with a hook, eye, or strap, by which it may be
attached to an object. It is used to change the direction of motion, as in
raising a heavy object that can not be conveniently reached, and also, when
two or more such sheaves are compounded, to change the rate of motion, or
to exert increased force; -- used especially in the rigging of ships, and
in tackles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>The perch on which a bird of
prey is kept.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Any obstruction, or cause of obstruction; a
stop; a hindrance; an obstacle; as, a <i>block</i> in the way.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A piece of box or other wood for engravers'
work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A piece of hard wood (as
mahogany or cherry) on which a stereotype or electrotype plate is mounted
to make it type high.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A blockhead; a stupid fellow; a dolt.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What a <i>block</i> art thou !<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A section of a railroad where the block system
is used. See <i>Block system</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A block of shares</b></col> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i>, <cd>a large
number of shares in a stock company, sold in a lump.</cd> <i>Bartlett.</i>
-- <col><b>Block printing</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A mode of
printing (common in China and Japan) from engraved boards by means of a
sheet of paper laid on the linked surface and rubbed with a brush.</cd>
<i>S. W. Williams.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A method of printing cotton
cloth and paper hangings with colors, by pressing them upon an engraved
surface coated with coloring matter.</cd> -- <col><b>Block system</b></col>
<cd>on railways, a system by which the track is divided into sections of
three or four miles, and trains are so run by the guidance of electric
signals that no train enters a section or block before the preceding train
has left it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Block</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blocked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blocking</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>bloquer</i>, fr. <i>bloc</i> block. See
<u>Block</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To obstruct so
as to prevent passage or progress; to prevent passage from, through, or
into, by obstructing the way; -- used both of persons and things; -- often
followed by <i>up</i>; as, to <i>block</i> up a road or harbor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With moles . . . would <i>block</i> the port.<BR>
<i>Rowe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A city . . . besieged and <i>blocked</i> about.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To secure or support by means of blocks; to
secure, as two boards at their angles of intersection, by pieces of wood
glued to each.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To shape on, or stamp with, a block; as, to
<i>block</i> a hat.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To block out</b></col>, <cd>to begin to reduce to shape; to mark
out roughly; to lay out; as, to <i>block out</i> a plan.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Block*ade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>bloccata</i>. See <u>Block</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The shutting up of a place by troops or ships, with
the purpose of preventing ingress or egress, or the reception of supplies;
as, the <i>blockade</i> of the ports of an enemy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Blockade</i> is now usually applied to an investment with
ships or vessels, while siege is used of an investment by land forces. To
constitute a <i>blockade</i>, the investing power must be able to apply its
force to every point of practicable access, so as to render it dangerous to
attempt to enter; and there is no <i>blockade</i> of that port where its
force can not be brought to bear.  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An obstruction to passage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To raise a blockade</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Raise</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Block*ade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. </i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blockaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blockading</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shut up, as a town or
fortress, by investing it with troops or vessels or war for the purpose of
preventing ingress or egress, or the introduction of supplies. See note
under <u>Blockade</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> "<i>Blockaded</i> the
place by sea."  <i>Gilpin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to shut in so as to prevent
egress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till storm and driving ice <i>blockade</i> him there.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To obstruct entrance to or egress
from.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Huge bales of British cloth <i>blockade</i> the door.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Block*ad"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who blockades.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel employed in
blockading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Block"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of blocking
up; the state of being blocked up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Block" book`</hw> (&?;). <def>A book printed from engraved wooden
blocks instead of movable types.</def></p>

<p><hw>Block"head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Block</i> +
<i>head</i>.] <def>A stupid fellow; a dolt; a person deficient in
understanding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bookful <i>blockhead</i>, ignorantly read,<BR>
With loads of learned lumber in his head.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Block"head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stupid;
dull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Block"head*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
characterizes a blockhead; stupidity.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Block"house`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Block</i> +
<i>house</i>: cf. G. <i>blockhaus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>An edifice or structure of heavy timbers or logs for military defense,
having its sides loopholed for musketry, and often an upper story
projecting over the lower, or so placed upon it as to have its sides make
an angle wit the sides of the lower story, thus enabling the defenders to
fire downward, and in all directions; -- formerly much used in America and
Germany.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A house of squared logs.</def> [West. &amp; South.
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Block"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of obstructing, supporting, shaping, or stamping with a block or
blocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Blocks used to support (a building, etc.)
temporarily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Block"ing course`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The finishing
course of a wall showing above a cornice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Block"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a block; deficient in
understanding; stupid; dull.</def> "<i>Blockish</i> Ajax." <i>Shak.</i> --
<wf>Block"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Block"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Block"like`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a block;
stupid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Block" tin`</hw> (&?;). <def>See under <u>Tin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloe"dite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the chemist
<i>Bl&ouml;de</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous sulphate of magnesium and
sodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blom"a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bloomery</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Blonc"ket</hw>, <hw>Blon"ket</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>blanquet</i> whitish, dim. of <i>blanc</i> white. Cf.
<u>Blanket</u>.] <def>Gray; bluish gray.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>bloncket</i> liveries been all too sad.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Blond</hw>, <hw>Blonde</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.,
fair, light, of uncertain origin; cf. AS. <i>blonden-feax</i> gray-haired,
old, prop. blended-haired, as a mixture of white and brown or black. See
<u>Blend</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <def>Of a fair color; light-
colored; as, <i>blond</i> hair; a <i>blond</i> complexion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blonde</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person of very fair complexion, with light hair and light blue
eyes.</def> [Written also <i>blond</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [So called from its color.] <def>A kind of silk lace
originally of the color of raw silk, now sometimes dyed; -- called also
<i>blond lace</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blond" met`al</hw> (&?;). <def>A variety of clay ironstone, in
Staffordshire, England, used for making tools.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blond"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
blond.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blood</hw> (bl&ubreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blod</i>,
<i>blood</i>, AS. <i>bl&omacr;d</i>; akin to D. <i>bloed</i>, OHG.
<i>bluot</i>, G. <i>blut</i>, Goth. <i>bl&omacr;&thorn;</i>, Icel.
<i>bl&omacr;&eth;</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>blod</i>; prob. fr. the same root as
E. <i>blow</i> to bloom. See <u>Blow</u> to bloom.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The fluid which circulates in the principal vascular system of
animals, carrying nourishment to all parts of the body, and bringing away
waste products to be excreted. See under <u>Arterial</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The blood consists of a liquid, the plasma, containing minute
particles, the blood corpuscles. In the invertebrate animals it is usually
nearly colorless, and contains only one kind of corpuscles; but in all
vertebrates, except Amphioxus, it contains some colorless corpuscles, with
many more which are red and give the blood its uniformly red color. See
<u>Corpuscle</u>, <u>Plasma</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relationship by descent from a common ancestor;
consanguinity; kinship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To share the <i>blood</i> of Saxon royalty.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A friend of our own <i>blood</i>.<BR>
<i>Waller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Half blood</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>relationship through only
one parent.</cd> -- <col><b>Whole blood</b></col>, <cd>relationship through
both father and mother. In American Law, <i>blood</i> includes both half
blood, and whole blood.</cd>  <i>Bouvier.</i>  <i>Peters.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Descent; lineage; especially, honorable birth;
the highest royal lineage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give us a prince of <i>blood</i>, a son of Priam.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a gentleman of <i>blood</i> and breeding.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Breeding)</i> <def>Descent from parents of
recognized breed; excellence or purity of breed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In stock breeding <i>half blood</i> is descent showing one half
only of pure breed. <i>Blue blood</i>, <i>full blood</i>, or <i>warm
blood</i>, is the same as <i>blood</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The fleshy nature of man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor gives it satisfaction to our <i>blood</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The shedding of blood; the taking of life,
murder; manslaughter; destruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So wills the fierce, avenging sprite,<BR>
Till <i>blood</i> for <i>blood</i> atones.<BR>
<i>Hood.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A bloodthirsty or murderous disposition.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was a thing of <i>blood</i>, whose every motion<BR>
Was timed with dying cries.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Temper of mind; disposition; state of the
passions; -- as if the blood were the seat of emotions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When you perceive his <i>blood</i> inclined to mirth.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; Often, in this sense, accompanied with <i>bad</i>, <i>cold</i>,
<i>warm</i>, or other qualifying word. Thus, to commit an act in <i>cold
blood</i>, is to do it deliberately, and without sudden passion; to do it
in <i>bad blood</i>, is to do it in anger. <i>Warm blood</i> denotes a
temper inflamed or irritated. To <i>warm</i> or <i>heat the blood</i> is to
excite the passions. Qualified by <i>up</i>, excited feeling or passion is
signified; as, my <i>blood</i> was <i>up</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A man of fire or spirit; a fiery spark; a gay,
showy man; a rake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seest thou not . . . how giddily 'a turns about all the hot
<i>bloods</i> between fourteen and five and thirty?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It was the morning costume of a dandy or <i>blood</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The juice of anything, especially if
red.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He washed . . . his clothes in the <i>blood</i> of
grapes.<BR>
<i>Gen. xiix. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Blood</i> is often used as an adjective, and as the first part
of self-explaining compound words; as, <i>blood-</i>bespotted, <i>blood-
</i>bought, <i>blood-</i>curdling, <i>blood-</i>dyed, <i>blood-</i>red,
<i>blood-</i>spilling, <i>blood-</i>stained, <i>blood-</i>warm, <i>blood-
</i>won.</p>

<p><col><b>Blood baptism</b></col> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>, <cd>the martyrdom
of those who had not been baptized. They were considered as baptized in
blood, and this was regarded as a full substitute for literal baptism.</cd>
-- <col><b>Blood blister</b></col>, <cd>a blister or bleb containing blood
or bloody serum, usually caused by an injury.</cd> -- <col><b>Blood
brother</b></col>, <cd>brother by blood or birth.</cd> -- <col><b>Blood
clam</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bivalve mollusk of the genus Arca
and allied genera, esp. <i>Argina pexata</i> of the American coast. So
named from the color of its flesh.</cd> -- <col><b>Blood
corpuscle</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Corpuscle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blood
crystal</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>one of the crystals formed by the
separation in a crystalline form of the h&aelig;moglobin of the red blood
corpuscles; h&aelig;matocrystallin. All blood does not yield blood
crystals.</cd> -- <col><b>Blood heat</b></col>, <cd>heat equal to the
temperature of human blood, or about 98&frac12; &deg; Fahr.</cd> --
<col><b>Blood horse</b></col>, <cd>a horse whose blood or lineage is
derived from the purest and most highly prized origin or stock.</cd> --
<col><b>Blood money</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Blood orange</b></col>, <cd>an orange with dark red pulp.</cd> --
<col><b>Blood poisoning</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a morbid state of the
blood caused by the introduction of poisonous or infective matters from
without, or the absorption or retention of such as are produced in the body
itself; tox&aelig;mia.</cd> -- <col><b>Blood pudding</b></col>, <cd>a
pudding made of blood and other materials.</cd> -- <col><b>Blood
relation</b></col>, <cd>one connected by blood or descent.</cd> --
<col><b>Blood spavin</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Spavin</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Blood vessel</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Blue blood</b></col>, <cd>the blood of noble or aristocratic
families, which, according to a Spanish prover , has in it a tinge of blue;
-- hence, a member of an old and aristocratic family.</cd> -- <col><b>Flesh
and blood</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A blood relation, esp. a
child.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Human nature.</cd> -- <col><b>In
blood</b></col> <i>(Hunting)</i>, <cd>in a state of perfect health and
vigor.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To let blood</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Let</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prince of the blood</b></col>, <cd>the son of a
sovereign, or the issue of a royal family. The sons, brothers, and uncles
of the sovereign are styled <i>princes of the blood royal</i>; and the
daughters, sisters, and aunts are <i>princesses of the blood
royal</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blood</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blooded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blooding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bleed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><! p. 157 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stain, smear or wet, with blood.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Reach out their spears afar,<BR>
And <i>blood</i> their points.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give (hounds or soldiers) a first taste or
sight of blood, as in hunting or war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was most important too that his troops should be
<i>blooded</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To heat the blood of; to exasperate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The auxiliary forces of the French and English were much
<i>blooded</i> one against another.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blood"bird`</hw> (bl&ubreve;d"b&etilde;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An Australian honeysucker (<i>Myzomela
sanguineolata</i>); -- so called from the bright red color of the male
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"-bol`tered</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Blood</i> +
Prov. E. <i>bolter</i> to mat in tufts.  Cf. <u>Balter</u>.] <def>Having
the hair matted with clotted blood.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>blood-boltered</i> Banquo smiles upon me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blood"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having pure blood, or a
large admixture or pure blood; of approved breed; of the best
stock.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Used also in composition in phrases indicating a particular
condition or quality of blood; as, cold-<i>blooded</i>; warm-
<i>blooded</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Blood"flow`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the color of
the flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of bulbous plants, natives of
Southern Africa, named <i>H&aelig;manthus</i>, of the Amaryllis family. The
juice of <i>H. toxicarius</i> is used by the Hottentots to poison their
arrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"guilt`y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Guilty of murder
or bloodshed.</def>  "A <i>bloodguilty</i> life." <i>Fairfax.</i> --
<wf>Blood"guilt`i*ness</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Blood"guilt`less</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Blood"hound`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A breed of large
and powerful dogs, with long, smooth, and pendulous ears, and remarkable
for acuteness of smell. It is employed to recover game or prey which has
escaped wounded from a hunter, and for tracking criminals. Formerly it was
used for pursuing runaway slaves. Other varieties of dog are often used for
the same purpose and go by the same name. The Cuban bloodhound is said to
be a variety of the mastiff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"i*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a bloody
manner; cruelly; with a disposition to shed blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state of being bloody.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposition to shed blood;
bloodthirstiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that <i>bloodiness</i> and savage cruelty which was in
our nature.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blood"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>bl&?;dle&aacute;s</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of blood, or
apparently so; as, <i>bloodless</i> cheeks; lifeless; dead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bloodless</i> carcass of my Hector sold.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not attended with shedding of blood, or
slaughter; as, a <i>bloodless</i> victory.</def>  <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without spirit or activity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>bloodless</i> remnant of that royal blood !<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Blood"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Blood"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Blood"let`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. </i></pos> [AS.
<i>bl&?;dl&?;tan</i>; <i>bl&?;d</i> blood + <i>l&?;atan</i> to let.]
<def>bleed; to let blood.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blood"let`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, lets blood; a phlebotomist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"let`ting</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act
or process of letting blood or bleeding, as by opening a vein or artery, or
by cupping or leeches; -- esp. applied to venesection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood" mon`ey</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Money paid to the
next of kin of a person who has been killed by another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Money obtained as the price, or at the cost, of
another's life; -- said of a reward for supporting a capital charge, of
money obtained for betraying a fugitive or for committing murder, or of
money obtained from the sale of that which will destroy the
purchaser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"root`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant (<i>Sanguinaria Canadensis</i>), with a red root and red sap, and
bearing a pretty, white flower in early spring; -- called also
<i>puccoon</i>, <i>redroot</i>, <i>bloodwort</i>, <i>tetterwort</i>,
<i>turmeric</i>, and <i>Indian paint</i>. It has acrid emetic properties,
and the rootstock is used as a stimulant expectorant. See
<u>Sanguinaria</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England the name is given to the tormentil, once used as a
remedy for dysentery.</p>

<p><hw>Blood"shed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Blood</i> +
<i>shed</i>] <def>The shedding or spilling of blood; slaughter; the act of
shedding human blood, or taking life, as in war, riot, or murder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"shed`der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sheds
blood; a manslayer; a murderer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"shed`ding</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Bloodshed.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blood"shot`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Blood</i> +
<i>shot</i>, p. p. of <i>shoot</i> to variegate.] <def>Red and inflamed;
suffused with blood, or having the vessels turgid with blood, as when the
conjunctiva is inflamed or irritated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eyes were <i>bloodshot</i>, . . . and his hair
disheveled.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blood"-shot`ten</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Bloodshot.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Blood"stick"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
piece of hard wood loaded at one end with lead, and used to strike the
fleam into the vein.</def>  <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blood"stone`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A green siliceous stone sprinkled with red jasper,
as if with blood; hence the name; -- called also <i>heliotrope</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hematite, an ore of iron yielding a blood red
powder or "streak."</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"stroke`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>coup de
sang</i>.] <def>Loss of sensation and motion from hemorrhage or congestion
in the brain.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blood"suck`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any animal that sucks blood; esp., the leech
(<i>Hirudo medicinalis</i>), and related species.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who sheds blood; a cruel, bloodthirsty man;
one guilty of bloodshed; a murderer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hard and exacting master, landlord, or money
lender; an extortioner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"thirst`y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Eager to shed
blood; cruel; sanguinary; murderous.</def> -- <wf>Blood"thirst`i*ness</wf>
(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Blood"ulf</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European bullfinch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood" ves`sel</hw> (&?;). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Any vessel or canal
in which blood circulates in an animal, as an artery or vein.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Blood"wite`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Blood"wit`</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bl&?;w&imacr;te</i>; <i>bl&?;d</i> blood, +
<i>w&imacr;te</i> wite, fine.] <i>(Anc. Law)</i> <def>A fine or amercement
paid as a composition for the shedding of blood; also, a riot wherein blood
was spilled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"wood</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
tree having the wood or the sap of the color of blood.</def></p>

<p>Norfolk Island <i>bloodwood</i> is a euphorbiaceous tree (<i>Baloghia
lucida</i>), from which the sap is collected for use as a plant. Various
other trees have the name, chiefly on account of the color of the wood, as
<i>Gordonia H&aelig;matoxylon</i> of Jamaica, and several species of
Australian <i>Eucalyptus</i>; also the true logwood (<i> H&aelig;matoxylon
campechianum</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Blood"wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant, <i>Rumex sanguineus</i>, or bloody-veined dock. The name is applied
also to bloodroot (<i>Sanguinaria Canadensis</i>), and to an extensive
order of plants (<i>H&aelig;modorace&aelig;</i>), the roots of many species
of which contain a red coloring matter useful in dyeing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bl&omacr;dig</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Containing or resembling blood; of the nature of
blood; as, <i>bloody</i> excretions; <i>bloody</i> sweat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Smeared or stained with blood; as, <i>bloody</i>
hands; a <i>bloody</i> handkerchief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Given, or tending, to the shedding of blood;
having a cruel, savage disposition; murderous; cruel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>bloody</i> passion shakes your very frame.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Attended with, or involving, bloodshed;
sanguinary; esp., marked by great slaughter or cruelty; as, a <i>bloody</i>
battle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Infamous; contemptible; -- variously used for
mere emphasis or as a low epithet.</def> [Vulgar]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blood"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bloodied</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bloodying</u>.] <def>To stain with blood.</def>  <i>Overbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blood"y*bones`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A terrible
bugbear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"y flux`</hw> (&?;). <def>The dysentery, a disease in which the
flux or discharge from the bowels has a mixture of blood.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blood"y hand`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hand stained
with the blood of a deer, which, in the old forest laws of England, was
sufficient evidence of a man's trespass in the forest against
venison.</def>  <i>Jacob.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A red hand, as in the arms of
Ulster, which is now the distinguishing mark of a baronet of the United
Kingdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blood"y-mind"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
cruel, ferocious disposition; bloodthirsty.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blood"y sweat`</hw> (&?;). <def>A sweat accompanied by a discharge
of blood; a disease, called <i>sweating sickness</i>, formerly prevalent in
England and other countries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloom</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blome</i>, fr. Icel.
<i>bl&?;m</i>, <i>bl&?;mi</i>; akin to Sw. <i>blom</i>, Goth.
<i>bl&?;ma</i>, OS. <i>bl&?;mo</i>, D. <i>bloem</i>, OHG. <i>bluomo</i>,
<i>bluoma</i>, G. <i>blume</i>; fr. the same root as AS. <i>bl&?;wan</i> to
blow, blossom. See <u>Blow</u> to bloom, and cf. <u>Blossom</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blossom; the flower of a plant; an expanded bud;
flowers, collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rich <i>blooms</i> of the tropics.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The opening of flowers in general; the state of
blossoming or of having the flowers open; as, the cherry trees are in
<i>bloom</i>.</def> "Sight of vernal <i>bloom</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A state or time of beauty, freshness, and vigor;
an opening to higher perfection, analogous to that of buds into blossoms;
as, the <i>bloom</i> of youth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every successive mother has transmitted a fainter
<i>bloom</i>, a more delicate and briefer beauty.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The delicate, powdery coating upon certain
growing or newly-gathered fruits or leaves, as on grapes, plums, etc.
Hence: Anything giving an appearance of attractive freshness; a flush; a
glow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A new, fresh, brilliant world, with all the <i>bloom</i>
upon it.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The clouded appearance which varnish sometimes
takes upon the surface of a picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A yellowish deposit or powdery coating which
appears on well-tanned leather.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A popular term for a bright-hued
variety of some minerals; as, the rose-red cobalt <i>bloom</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloom</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bloomed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Blooming</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To produce or yield blossoms; to blossom; to flower
or be in flower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A flower which once<BR>
In Paradise, fast by the tree of life,<BR>
Began to <i>bloom</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in a state of healthful, growing youth and
vigor; to show beauty and freshness, as of flowers; to give promise, as by
or with flowers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A better country <i>blooms</i> to view,</blockquote>
<blockquote>Beneath a brighter sky.<BR>
<i>Logan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bloom</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause
to blossom; to make flourish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Charitable affection <i>bloomed</i> them.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bestow a bloom upon; to make blooming or
radiant.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While barred clouds <i>bloom</i> the soft-dying day.<BR>
<i>Keats.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bloom</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bl&?;ma</i> a mass or lump,
<i>&imacr;senes bl&?;ma</i> a lump or wedge of iron.] <i>(Metal.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mass of wrought iron from the Catalan forge or
from the puddling furnace, deprived of its dross, and shaped usually in the
form of an oblong block by shingling.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
large bar of steel formed directly from an ingot by hammering or rolling,
being a preliminary shape for further working.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloom"a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bloomery</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloom"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Mrs. <i>Bloomer</i>,
an American, who sought to introduce this style of dress.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A costume for women, consisting of a short dress,
with loose trousers gathered round ankles, and (commonly) a broad-brimmed
hat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman who wears a Bloomer costume.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloom"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Manuf.)</i> <def>A
furnace and forge in which wrought iron in the form of blooms is made
directly from the ore, or (more rarely) from cast iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloom"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The
process of making blooms from the ore or from cast iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloom"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Opening
in blossoms; flowering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Thriving in health, beauty, and vigor;
indicating the freshness and beauties of youth or health.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloom"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a blooming
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloom"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blooming
condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bloom"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without bloom or
flowers.</def>  <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bloom"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of bloom; flowery; flourishing with the vigor of youth; as, a
<i>bloomy</i> spray.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But all the <i>bloomy</i> flush of life is fled.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covered with bloom, as fruit.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blooth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bloom; a
blossoming.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All that <i>blooth</i> means heavy autumn work for him and
his hands.<BR>
<i>T. Hardy.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blore</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. a variant of
<i>blare</i>, v. i.; or cf. Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>blor</i> a loud noise.] <def>The
act of blowing; a roaring wind; a blast.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A most tempestuous <i>blore</i>.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blos"my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Blossomy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blos"som</hw> (bl&obreve;s"s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>blosme</i>, <i>blostme</i>, AS. <i>bl&omacr;sma</i>,
<i>bl&omacr;stma</i>, blossom; akin to D. <i>bloesem</i>, L. <i>fios</i>,
and E. <i>flower</i>; from the root of E. <i>blow</i> to blossom. See
<u>Blow</u> to blossom, and cf. <u>Bloom</u> a blossom.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The flower of a plant, or the essential organs of reproduction, with
their appendages; florescence; bloom; the flowers of a plant, collectively;
as, the <i>blossoms</i> and fruit of a tree; an apple tree in
<i>blossom</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term has been applied by some botanists, and is also applied
in common usage, to the <i>corolla</i>. It is more commonly used than
<i>flower</i> or <i>bloom</i>, when we have reference to the fruit which is
to succeed. Thus we use <i>flowers</i> when we speak of plants cultivated
for ornament, and <i>bloom</i> in a more general sense, as of flowers in
general, or in reference to the beauty of flowers.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Blossoms</i> flaunting in the eye of day.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blooming period or stage of development;
something lovely that gives rich promise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>blossom</i> of my youth.<BR>
<i>Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The color of a horse that has white hairs
intermixed with sorrel and bay hairs; -- otherwise called <i>peach
color</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In blossom</b></col>, <cd>having the blossoms open; in
bloom.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blos"som</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blossomed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blossoming</u>.] [AS. <i>bl&?;stmian</i>. See <u>Blossom</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put forth blossoms or
flowers; to bloom; to blow; to flower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moving whisper of huge trees that branched<BR>
And <i>blossomed</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To flourish and prosper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Israel shall <i>blossom</i> and bud, and full the face of
the world with fruit.<BR>
<i>Isa. xxvii. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blos"som*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
blossoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blos"som*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of blossoms;
flowery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blot</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blotted</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blotting</u>.] [Cf. Dan. <i>plette</i>. See 3d <u>Blot</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To spot, stain, or bespatter, as with
ink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brief was writ and <i>blotted</i> all with gore.<BR>
<i>Gascoigne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impair; to damage; to mar; to soil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>blots</i> thy beauty, as frosts do bite the meads.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stain with infamy; to disgrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Blot</i> not thy innocence with guiltless blood.<BR>
<i>Rowe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To obliterate, as writing with ink; to cancel;
to efface; -- generally with <i>out</i>; as, to <i>blot</i> out a word or a
sentence. Often figuratively; as, to <i>blot</i> out offenses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One act like this <i>blots</i> out a thousand crimes.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To obscure; to eclipse; to shadow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sung how earth <i>blots</i> the moon's gilded wane.<BR>
<i>Cowley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To dry, as writing, with blotting
paper.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To obliterate; expunge; erase; efface; cancel; tarnish;
disgrace; blur; sully; smear; smutch.</p>

<p><hw>Blot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take a blot; as, this
paper <i>blots</i> easily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>blettr</i>, Dan.
<i>plet</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spot or stain, as of ink on paper;
a blur.</def> "Inky <i>blots</i> and rotten parchment bonds."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An obliteration of something written or printed;
an erasure.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A spot on reputation; a stain; a disgrace; a
reproach; a blemish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This deadly <i>blot</i> in thy digressing son.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>blot</i> bare, naked,
Sw. <i>blott</i>, d. bloot, G. <i>bloss</i>, and perh. E. <i>bloat</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Backgammon)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An exposure
of a single man to be taken up.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A single man
left on a point, exposed to be taken up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is too great a master of his art to make a <i>blot</i>
which may be so easily hit.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weak point; a failing; an exposed point or
mark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blotch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>blacche</i> in
<i>blacchepot</i> blacking pot, akin to <i>black</i>, as <i>bleach</i> is
akin to <i>bleak</i>. See <u>Black</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, or cf.
<u>Blot</u> a spot.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blot or spot, as of color or
of ink; especially a large or irregular spot. Also Fig.; as, a moral
<i>blotch</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spots and <i>blotches</i> . . . some red, others yellow.<BR>
<i>Harvey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A large pustule, or a coarse
eruption.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foul scurf and <i>blotches</i> him defile.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blotched</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked or covered
with blotches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To give their <i>blotched</i> and blistered bodies ease.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blotch"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
blotches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blote</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bloted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bloting</u>.] [Cf. Sw. <i>bl&ouml;t-fisk</i> soaked fish, fr.
<i>bl&ouml;ta</i> to soak. See 1st <u>Bloat</u>.] <def>To cure, as
herrings, by salting and smoking them; to bloat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Blot"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
blot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blot"ter</hw> (bl&obreve;t"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, blots; esp. a device for
absorbing superfluous ink.</def></p>

<p><! p. 158 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A wastebook, in which entries of
transactions are made as they take place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blot*tesque"</hw> (bl&obreve;t*t&ebreve;sk"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Painting)</i> <def>Characterized by blots or heavy touches; coarsely
depicted; wanting in delineation.</def>  <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blot"ting pa`per</hw> (p&amacr;`p&etilde;r). <def>A kind of thick,
bibulous, unsized paper, used to absorb superfluous ink from freshly
written manuscript, and thus prevent blots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blouse</hw> (blouz; F. bl&oomac;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>blouse</i>. Of unknown origin.] <def>A light, loose over-garment, like a
smock frock, worn especially by workingmen in France; also, a loose coat of
any material, as the undress uniform coat of the United States
army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blow</hw> (bl&omacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Blew</u> (bl&umacr;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Blown</u> (bl&omacr;n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blowing</u>.] [OE. <i>blowen</i>, AS. <i>bl&omacr;wan</i> to blossom;
akin to OS. <i>bl&omacr;jan</i>, D. <i>bloeijen</i>, OHG. <i>pluojan</i>,
MHG. <i>bl&uuml;ejen</i>, G. <i>bl&uuml;hen</i>, L. <i>florere</i> to
flourish, OIr. <i>blath</i> blossom. Cf. <u>Blow</u> to puff,
<u>Flourish</u>.] <def>To flower; to blossom; to bloom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>blows</i> the citron grove.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to blossom; to put
forth (blossoms or flowers).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The odorous banks, that <i>blow</i><BR>
Flowers of more mingled hue.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blow</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A blossom; a
flower; also, a state of blossoming; a mass of blossoms.</def> "Such a
<i>blow</i> of tulips."  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blow</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>blaw</i>, <i>blowe</i>; cf.
OHG. <i>bliuwan</i>, <i>pliuwan</i>, to beat, G. <i>bl&auml;uen</i>, Goth.
<i>bliggwan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A forcible stroke with the hand,
fist, or some instrument, as a rod, a club, an ax, or a sword.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well struck ! there was <i>blow</i> for <i>blow</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden or forcible act or effort; an
assault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A vigorous <i>blow</i> might win [Hanno's camp].<BR>
<i>T. Arnold.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The infliction of evil; a sudden calamity;
something which produces mental, physical, or financial suffering or loss
(esp. when sudden); a buffet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A most poor man, made tame to fortune's <i>blows</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>At a blow</b></col>, <cd>suddenly; at one effort; by a single
vigorous act.</cd> "They lose a province <i>at a blow</i>." <i>Dryden.</i>
-- <col><b>To come to blows</b></col>, <cd>to engage in combat; to fight; -
- said of individuals, armies, and nations.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stroke; knock; shock; misfortune.</p>

<p><hw>Blow</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Blew</u> (bl&umacr;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Blown</u> (bl&omacr;n);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Blowing</u>.] [OE. <i>blawen</i>,
<i>blowen</i>, AS. <i>bl&amacr;wan</i> to blow, as wind; akin to OHG.
<i>pl&amacr;jan</i>, G. <i>bl&auml;hen</i>, to blow up, swell, L.
<i>flare</i> to blow, Gr. <grk>'ekflai`nein</grk> to spout out, and to E.
<i>bladder</i>, <i>blast</i>, <i>inflate</i>, etc., and perh. <i>blow</i>
to bloom.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To produce a current of air; to move, as
air, esp. to move rapidly or with power; as, the wind
<i>blows</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hark how it rains and <i>blows</i> !<BR>
<i>Walton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send forth a forcible current of air, as from
the mouth or from a pair of bellows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To breathe hard or quick; to pant; to
puff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here is Mistress Page at the door, sweating and
<i>blowing</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To sound on being blown into, as a
trumpet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There let the pealing organ <i>blow</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To spout water, etc., from the blowholes, as a
whale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To be carried or moved by the wind; as, the dust
<i>blows</i> in from the street.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The grass <i>blows</i> from their graves to thy own.<BR>
<i>M. Arnold.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To talk loudly; to boast; to storm.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>blow</i> behind my back, but dare not say anything to
my face.<BR>
<i>Bartlett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To blow hot and cold</b></col> (a saying derived from a fable of
&AElig;sop's), <cd>to favor a thing at one time and treat it coldly at
another; or to appear both to favor and to oppose.</cd> -- <col><b>To blow
off</b></col>, <cd>to let steam escape through a passage provided for the
purpose; as, the engine or steamer is <i>blowing off</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To blow out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be driven out by
the expansive force of a gas or vapor; as, a steam cock or valve sometimes
<i>blows out</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To talk violently or
abusively.</cd> [Low] -- <col><b>To blow over</b></col>, <cd>to pass away
without effect; to cease, or be dissipated; as, the storm and the clouds
have <i>blown over</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To blow up</b></col>, <cd>to be
torn to pieces and thrown into the air as by an explosion of powder or gas
or the expansive force of steam; to burst; to explode; as, a powder mill or
steam boiler <i>blows up</i>.</cd> "The enemy's magazines <i>blew up</i>."
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To force
a current of air upon with the mouth, or by other means; as, to <i>blow</i>
the fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive by a current air; to impel; as, the
tempest <i>blew</i> the ship ashore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Off at sea northeast winds <i>blow</i><BR>
Sabean odors from the spicy shore.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause air to pass through by the action of
the mouth, or otherwise; to cause to sound, as a wind instrument; as, to
<i>blow</i> a trumpet; to <i>blow</i> an organ.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath she no husband<BR>
That will take pains to <i>blow</i> a horn before her?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Boy, <i>blow</i> the pipe until the bubble rise,<BR>
Then cast it off to float upon the skies.<BR>
<i>Parnell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To clear of contents by forcing air through; as,
to <i>blow</i> an egg; to <i>blow</i> one's nose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To burst, shatter, or destroy by an explosion; -
- usually with <i>up</i>, <i>down</i>, <i>open</i>, or similar adverb; as,
to <i>blow</i> up a building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To spread by report; to publish; to
disclose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through the court his courtesy was <i>blown</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His language does his knowledge <i>blow</i>.<BR>
<i>Whiting.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To form by inflation; to swell by injecting air;
as, to <i>blow</i> bubbles; to <i>blow</i> glass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To inflate, as with pride; to puff up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look how imagination <i>blows</i> him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To put out of breath; to cause to blow from
fatigue; as, to <i>blow</i> a horse.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To deposit eggs or larv&aelig; upon, or in
(meat, etc.).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To suffer<BR>
The flesh fly <i>blow</i> my mouth.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To blow great guns</b></col>, <cd>to blow furiously and with
roaring blasts; -- said of the wind at sea or along the coast.</cd> --
<col><b>To blow off</b></col>, <cd>to empty (a boiler) of water through the
blow-off pipe, while under steam pressure; also, to eject (steam, water,
sediment, etc.) from a boiler.</cd> -- <col><b>To blow one's own
trumpet</b></col>, <cd>to vaunt one's own exploits, or sound one's own
praises.</cd> -- <col><b>To blow out</b></col>, <cd>to extinguish by a
current of air, as a candle.</cd> -- <col><b>To blow up</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To fill with air; to swell; as, to <i>blow up</i> a
bladder or bubble.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To inflate, as with pride,
self-conceit, etc.; to puff up; as, to <i>blow</i> one <i>up</i> with
flattery.</cd> "<i>Blown up</i> with high conceits engendering pride."
<i>Milton.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To excite; as, to <i>blow up</i> a
contention.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To burst, to raise into the air,
or to scatter, by an explosion; as, to <i>blow up</i> a fort.</cd>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To scold violently; as, to blow up a person for
some offense.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>blown</i> him <i>up</i> well -- nobody can say I
wink at what he does.<BR>
<i>G. Eliot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To blow upon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To blast; to
taint; to bring into discredit; to render stale, unsavory, or
worthless.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To inform against.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How far the very custom of hearing anything spouted withers
and <i>blows upon</i> a fine passage, may be seen in those speeches from
[Shakespeare's] Henry V. which are current in the mouths of schoolboys.<BR>
<i>C. Lamb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A lady's maid whose character had been <i>blown
upon</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i>
</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blow</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
blowing, esp., a violent blowing of the wind; a gale; as, a heavy
<i>blow</i> came on, and the ship put back to port.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of forcing air from the mouth, or
through or from some instrument; as, to give a hard <i>blow</i> on a
whistle or horn; to give the fire a <i>blow</i> with the bellows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The spouting of a whale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A single heat or operation of
the Bessemer converter.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An egg, or a larva, deposited by a fly on or in
flesh, or the act of depositing it.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blow"ball`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The downy seed head
of a dandelion, which children delight to blow away.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Blow"en</hw> (&?;), <hw>Blow"ess</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A prostitute; a courtesan; a strumpet.</def>
[Low]  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blow"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, blows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A device for producing a current
of air; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A metal plate temporarily placed before the
upper part of a grate or open fire. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A machine for
producing an artificial blast or current of air by pressure, as for
increasing the draft of a furnace, ventilating a building or shaft,
cleansing gram, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A blowing out or excessive discharge of gas from
a hole or fissure in a mine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The whale; -- so called by seamen, from the
circumstance of its spouting up a column of water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small fish of the Atlantic
coast (<i>Tetrodon turgidus</i>); the puffer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A braggart, or loud talker.</def> [Slang]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blow"fly`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of fly of the genus <i>Musca</i> that deposits its eggs or
young larv&aelig; (called <i>flyblows</i> and <i>maggots</i>) upon meat or
other animal products.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blow"gun`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tube, as of cane
or reed, sometimes twelve feet long, through which an arrow or other
projectile may be impelled by the force of the breath. It is a weapon much
used by certain Indians of America and the West Indies; -- called also
<i>blowpipe</i>, and <i>blowtube</i>.  See <u>Sumpitan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blow"hole`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cavern in a cliff, at the water level, opening to the air at its
farther extremity, so that the waters rush in with each surge and rise in a
lofty jet from the extremity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A nostril or spiracle in the top of the head of
a whale or other cetacean.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are two spiracles or blowholes in the common whales, but
only one in sperm whales, porpoises, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hole in the ice to which whales, seals, etc.,
come to breathe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>An air hole in a
casting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blown</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Swollen; inflated; distended; puffed up, as cattle when gorged with
green food which develops gas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stale; worthless.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Out of breath; tired; exhausted.</def> "Their
horses much blown."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Covered with the eggs and larv&aelig; of flies;
fly blown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blown</hw>, <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Opened; in blossom or
having blossomed, as a flower.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blow"-off`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A blowing off steam, water, etc.;</def> -- Also,
<pos><i>adj.</i></pos> <def>as, a <i>blow-off</i> cock or pipe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An outburst of temper or excitement.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Blow"-out`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The cleaning of the
flues of a boiler from scale, etc., by a blast of steam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blow"pipe`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A tube for directing a jet of air into a fire or into the flame of a
lamp or candle, so as to concentrate the heat on some object.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is called a <i>mouth blowpipe</i> when used with the mouth;
but for both chemical and industrial purposes, it is often worked by a
bellows or other contrivance. The common <i>mouth blowpipe</i> is a
tapering tube with a very small orifice at the end to be inserted in the
flame. The <i>oxyhydrogen blowpipe</i>, invented by Dr. Hare in 1801, is an
instrument in which oxygen and hydrogen, taken from separate reservoirs, in
the proportions of two volumes of hydrogen to one of oxygen, are burned in
a jet, under pressure. It gives a heat that will consume the diamond, fuse
platinum, and dissipate in vapor, or in gaseous forms, most known
substances.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blowgun; a blowtube.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blowpipe analysis</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>analysis by
means of the blowpipe.</cd> -- <col><b>Blowpipe reaction</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the characteristic behavior of a substance subjected to
a test by means of the blowpipe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blow"point`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A child's
game.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Blowse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Blowze</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blowth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Blow</u> to
blossom: cf. <u>Growth</u>.] <def>A blossoming; a bloom.</def> [Obs. or
Archaic] "In the <i>blowth</i> and bud."  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blow"tube`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A blowgun.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A similar instrument, commonly of tin, used by
boys for discharging paper wads and other light missiles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Glassmaking)</i> <def>A long wrought iron tube,
on the end of which the workman gathers a quantity of "metal" (melted
glass), and through which he blows to expand or shape it; -- called also
<i>blowing tube</i>, and <i>blowpipe</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blow" valve`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>See <u>Snifting
valve</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blow"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Windy; as, <i>blowy</i>
weather; a <i>blowy</i> upland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blowze</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from the same root as
<i>blush</i>.] <def>A ruddy, fat-faced woman; a wench.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blowzed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having high color from
exposure to the weather; ruddy-faced; blowzy; disordered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Huge women <i>blowzed</i> with health and wind.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blowz"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coarse and ruddy-
faced; fat and ruddy; high colored; frowzy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blub</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Bleb</u>,
<u>Blob</u>.] <def>To swell; to puff out, as with weeping.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Blub"ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Blobber</u>,
<u>Blob</u>, <u>Bleb</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bubble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At his mouth a <i>blubber</i> stood of foam.<BR>
<i>Henryson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fat of whales and other large sea animals
from which oil is obtained. It lies immediately under the skin and over the
muscular flesh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large sea nettle or
medusa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blub"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blubbered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blubbering</u>.] <def>To weep noisily, or so as to disfigure the face;
to cry in a childish manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She wept, she <i>blubbered</i>, and she tore her hair.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blub"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
swell or disfigure (the face) with weeping; to wet with tears.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dear Cloe, how <i>blubbered</i> is that pretty face!<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give vent to (tears) or utter (broken words
or cries); -- with <i>forth</i> or <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blub"bered</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Swollen;
turgid; as, a <i>blubbered</i> lip.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blub"ber*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of weeping
noisily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He spake well save that his <i>blubbering</i> interrupted
him.<BR>
<i>Winthrop.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blub"ber*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Swollen; protuberant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like blubber; gelatinous and quivering; as, a
<i>blubbery</i> mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blu"cher</hw> (bl&umacr;"k&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
kind of half boot, named from the Prussian general
<i>Bl&uuml;cher</i>.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bludg"eon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. <i>blocan</i> a
little block, Gael. <i>plocan</i> a mallet, W. <i>plocyn</i>, dim. of
<i>ploc</i> block; or perh. connected with E. <i>blow</i> a stroke. Cf.
<u>Block</u>, <u>Blow</u> a stroke.] <def>A short stick, with one end
loaded, or thicker and heavier that the other, used as an offensive
weapon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue</hw> (bl&umacr;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Bluer</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Bluest</u>.] [OE. <i>bla</i>, <i>blo</i>,
<i>blew</i>, blue, livid, black, fr. Icel.<i>bl&amacr;r</i> livid; akin to
Dan. <i>blaa</i> blue, Sw. <i>bl&aring;</i>, D. <i>blauw</i>, OHG.
<i>bl&amacr;o</i>, G. <i>blau</i>; but influenced in form by F.
<i>bleu</i>, from OHG. <i>bl&amacr;o</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
the color of the clear sky, or a hue resembling it, whether lighter or
darker; as, the deep, <i>blue</i> sea; as <i>blue</i> as a sapphire;
<i>blue</i> violets.</def> "The <i>blue</i> firmament."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pale, without redness or glare, -- said of a
flame; hence, of the color of burning brimstone, betokening the presence of
ghosts or devils; as, the candle burns <i>blue</i>; the air was <i>blue</i>
with oaths.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Low in spirits; melancholy; as, to feel
<i>blue</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Suited to produce low spirits; gloomy in
prospect; as, thongs looked <i>blue</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Severe or over strict in morals; gloom; as,
<i>blue</i> and sour religionists; suiting one who is over strict in
morals; inculcating an impracticable, severe, or gloomy mortality; as,
<i>blue</i> laws.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Literary; -- applied to women; -- an
abbreviation of <i>bluestocking</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The ladies were very <i>blue</i> and well informed.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Blue asbestus</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Crocidolite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Blue black</b></col>, <cd>of, or having, a very dark blue color,
almost black.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue blood</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Blood</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue buck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a small South African antelope (<i>Cephalophus pygm&aelig;us</i>); also
applied to a larger species (<i>&AElig;goceras leucoph&aelig;us</i>); the
blaubok.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue cod</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
buffalo cod.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the common edible crab of the Atlantic coast of the United States
(<i>Callinectes hastatus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Blue curls</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a common plant (<i>Trichostema dichotomum</i>),
resembling pennyroyal, and hence called also <i>bastard
pennyroyal</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue devils</b></col>, <cd>apparitions
supposed to be seen by persons suffering with <i>delirium tremens</i>;
hence, very low spirits.</cd>  "Can Gumbo shut the hall door upon <i>blue
devils</i>, or lay them all in a red sea of claret?" <i>Thackeray.</i> --
<col><b>Blue gage</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Gage</u>, a plum.</cd> --
<col><b>Blue gum</b></col>, <cd>an Australian myrtaceous tree
(<i>Eucalyptus globulus</i>), of the loftiest proportions, now cultivated
in tropical and warm temperate regions for its timber, and as a protection
against malaria. The essential oil is beginning to be used in medicine. The
timber is very useful. See <u>Eucalyptus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue
jack</b></col>, <col><b>Blue stone</b></col>, <cd>blue vitriol; sulphate of
copper.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue jacket</b></col>, <cd>a man-of war's man; a
sailor wearing a naval uniform.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue jaundice</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Jaundice</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue laws</b></col>, <cd>a
name first used in the eighteenth century to describe certain
supposititious laws of extreme rigor reported to have been enacted in New
Haven; hence, any puritanical laws.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>Blue
light</b></col>, <cd>a composition which burns with a brilliant blue flame;
-- used in pyrotechnics and as a night signal at sea, and in military
operations.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue mantle</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>one of
the four pursuivants of the English college of arms; -- so called from the
color of his official robes.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue mass</b></col>, <cd>a
preparation of mercury from which is formed the blue pill.</cd>
<i>McElrath.</i> -- <col><b>Blue mold</b></col>, or
<col><b>mould</b></col>, <cd>the blue fungus (<i>Aspergillus glaucus</i>)
which grows on cheese.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>Blue
Monday</b></col>, <cd>a Monday following a Sunday of dissipation, or itself
given to dissipation (as the Monday before Lent).</cd> -- <col><b>Blue
ointment</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>mercurial ointment.</cd> --
<col><b>Blue Peter</b></col> <i>(British Marine)</i>, <cd>a blue flag with
a white square in the center, used as a signal for sailing, to recall
boats, etc. It is a corruption of <i>blue repeater</i>, one of the British
signal flags.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue pill</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A pill of prepared mercury, used as an aperient,
etc.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Blue mass.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue
ribbon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The ribbon worn by members of the
order of the Garter; -- hence, a member of that order.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Anything the attainment of which is an object of
great ambition; a distinction; a prize.</cd> "These [scholarships] were the
<i>blue ribbon</i> of the college." <i>Farrar.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>The distinctive badge of certain temperance or total abstinence
organizations, as of the <i>Blue ribbon</i> Army.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue
ruin</b></col>, <cd>utter ruin; also, gin.</cd> [Eng. Slang]
<i>Carlyle.</i> -- <col><b>Blue spar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>azure
spar; lazulite. See <u>Lazulite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue thrush</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European and Asiatic thrush (<i>Petrocossyphus
cyaneas</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Blue verditer</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Verditer</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue vitriol</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>sulphate of copper, a violet blue crystallized salt, used in electric
batteries, calico printing, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue water</b></col>,
<cd>the open ocean.</cd> -- <col><b>To look blue</b></col>, <cd>to look
disheartened or dejected.</cd> -- <col><b>True blue</b></col>, <cd>genuine
and thorough; not modified, nor mixed; not spurious; specifically, of
uncompromising Presbyterianism, blue being the color adopted by the
Covenanters.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 159 !></p>

<p><blockquote>For his religion . . . <BR>
'T was Presbyterian, <i>true blue</i>.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blue</hw> (bl&umacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the seven colors into which the rays of light divide
themselves, when refracted through a glass prism; the color of the clear
sky, or a color resembling that, whether lighter or darker; a pigment
having such color. Sometimes, poetically, the sky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pedantic woman; a bluestocking.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <pos><i>pl.</i></pos> [Short for <i>blue devils</i>.]
<def>Low spirits; a fit of despondency; melancholy.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Berlin blue</b></col>, <cd>Prussian blue.</cd> --
<col><b>Mineral blue</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Mineral</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Prussian blue</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Prussian</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Blued</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bluing</u>.]
<def>To make blue; to dye of a blue color; to make blue by heating, as
metals, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"back`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A trout (<i>Salmo oquassa</i>) inhabiting some of
the lakes of Maine.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A salmon
(<i>Oncorhynchus nerka</i>) of the Columbia River and northward.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An American river herring (<i>Clupea
&aelig;stivalis</i>), closely allied to the alewife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"beard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hero of a
medi&aelig;val French nursery legend, who, leaving home, enjoined his young
wife not to open a certain room in his castle. She entered it, and found
the murdered bodies of his former wives. -- Also used adjectively of a
subject which it is forbidden to investigate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Bluebeard</i> chamber of his mind, into which no eye
but his own must look.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blue"bell`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plant of the genus <i>Campanula</i>, especially
the <i>Campanula rotundifolia</i>, which bears blue bell-shaped flowers;
the harebell.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Scilla</i> (<i>Scilla nutans</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"berry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Blaeberry</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The berry of several species of <i>Vaccinium</i>, an
ericaceous genus, differing from the American huckleberries in containing
numerous minute seeds instead of ten nutlets. The commonest species are
<i>V. Pennsylvanicum</i> and <i>V. vacillans</i>.  <i>V. corymbosum</i> is
the tall blueberry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"bill`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A duck of the genus <i>Fuligula</i>. Two American species (<i>F.
marila</i> and <i>F. affinis</i>) are common. See <u>Scaup
duck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"bird`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small song bird (<i>Sialia sialis</i>), very common in the United
States, and, in the north, one of the earliest to arrive in spring. The
male is blue, with the breast reddish. It is related to the European
robin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pairy bluebird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a brilliant
Indian or East Indian bird of the genus <i>Irena</i>, of several
species.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Blue" bon`net</hw> or <hw>Blue"-bon`net</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A broad, flat Scottish cap of
blue woolen, or one wearing such cap; a Scotchman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant. Same as
<u>Bluebottle</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European blue titmouse
(<i>Parus c&oelig;ruleus</i>); the bluecap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue" book`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A parliamentary
publication, so called from its blue paper covers.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The United States official "Biennial
Register."</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"bot`tle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant (<i>Centaurea cyanus</i>) which grows in grain
fields. It receives its name from its blue bottle-shaped flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large and troublesome
species of blowfly (<i>Musca vomitoria</i>). Its body is steel
blue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"breast`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small European bird; the blue-throated warbler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"cap`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The bluepoll.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The blue bonnet or blue titmouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Scot; a Scotchman; -- so named from wearing a
blue bonnet.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blue"coat`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One dressed in
blue, as a soldier, a sailor, a beadle, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"-eye`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The blue-cheeked honeysucker of Australia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"-eyed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having blue
eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue-eyed grass</hw> (&?;) <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>a grasslike plant
(<i>Sisyrinchium anceps</i>), with small flowers of a delicate blue
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"fin`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A species of whitefish (<i>Coregonus nigripinnis</i>) found in Lake
Michigan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"fish`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large voracious fish (<i>Pomatomus
saitatrix</i>), of the family <i>Carangid&aelig;</i>, valued as a food
fish, and widely distributed on the American coast. On the New Jersey and
Rhode Island coast it is called the <i>horse mackerel</i>, in Virginia
<i>saltwater tailor</i>, or <i>skipjack</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A West Indian fish (<i>Platyglossus
radiatus</i>), of the family <i>Labrid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is applied locally to other species of fishes; as the
cunner, sea bass, squeteague, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Blue"gown`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a class of
paupers or pensioners, or licensed beggars, in Scotland, to whim annually
on the king's birthday were distributed certain alms, including a blue
gown; a beadsman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue" grass`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of grass
(<i>Poa compressa</i>) with bluish green stems, valuable in thin gravelly
soils; wire grass.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Kentucky blue grass</b></col>, <cd>a species of grass (<i>Poa
pratensis</i>) which has running rootstocks and spreads rapidly. It is
valuable as a pasture grass, as it endures both winter and drought better
than other kinds, and is very nutritious.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blue" jay`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common jay of
the United States (<i>Cyanocitta, or Cyanura, cristata</i>). The
predominant color is bright blue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"-john`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name given to
fluor spar in Derbyshire, where it is used for ornamental
purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a blue color.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blue"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being blue;
a blue color.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blue"nose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nickname for a
Nova Scotian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"poll`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Blue</i> +
<i>poll</i> head.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of salmon (<i>Salmo
Cambricus</i>) found in Wales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"print</hw>. <def>See under <u>Print</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"stock`ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A literary lady; a female pedant.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>&fist; As explained in Boswell's "Life of Dr. Johnson", this term is
derived from the name given to certain meetings held by ladies, in
Johnson's time, for conversation with distinguished literary men. An
eminent attendant of these assemblies was a Mr. Stillingfleet, who always
wore <i>blue stockings</i>. He was so much distinguished for his
conversational powers that his absence at any time was felt to be a great
loss, so that the remark became common, "We can do nothing without the
<i>blue stockings</i>." Hence these meetings were sportively called
<i>bluestocking clubs</i>, and the ladies who attended them,
<i>bluestockings</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American avocet
(<i>Recurvirostra Americana</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"stock`ing*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
character or manner of a bluestocking; female pedantry.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Blue"stone`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Blue vitriol.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grayish blue building stone, as that commonly
used in the eastern United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"throat`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A singing bird of northern Europe and Asia (<i>Cyanecula Suecica</i>),
related to the nightingales; -- called also <i>blue-throated robin</i> and
<i>blue-throated warbler</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blu"ets</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bluet</i>,
<i>bleuet</i>, dim. of <i>bleu</i> blue. See <u>Blue</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several different
species of plants having blue flowers, as the <i>Houstonia
c&oelig;rulea</i>, the <i>Centaurea cyanus</i> or bluebottle, and the
<i>Vaccinium angustifolium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"-veined`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having blue
veins or blue streaks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"wing`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The blue-winged teal. See <u>Teal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bluish.</def>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bluff</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OD. <i>blaf</i> flat,
broad, <i>blaffaert</i> one with a broad face, also, a boaster; or G.
<i>verbl&uuml;ffen</i> to confuse, LG. <i>bluffen</i> to frighten; to
unknown origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a broad, flattened front;
as, the <i>bluff</i> bows of a ship.</def> "<i>Bluff</i> visages."
<i>Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rising steeply with a flat or rounded
front.</def> "A <i>bluff</i> or bold shore."  <i>Falconer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Its banks, if not really steep, had a <i>bluff</i> and
precipitous aspect.<BR>
<i>Judd.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Surly; churlish; gruff; rough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Abrupt; roughly frank; unceremonious; blunt;
brusque; as, a <i>bluff</i> answer; a <i>bluff</i> manner of talking; a
<i>bluff</i> sea captain.</def> "<i>Bluff</i> King Hal."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is indeed a <i>bluff</i> pertinacity which is a proper
defense in a moment of surprise.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bluff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A high,
steep bank, as by a river or the sea, or beside a ravine or plain; a cliff
with a broad face.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beach, <i>bluff</i>, and wave, adieu.<BR>
<i>Whittier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act of bluffing; an expression of self-
confidence for the purpose of intimidation; braggadocio; as, that is only
<i>bluff</i>, or a <i>bluff</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A game at cards; poker.</def> [U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bluff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bluffed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bluffing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Poker)</i> <def>To deter (an opponent) from taking
the risk of betting on his hand of cards, as the bluffer does by betting
heavily on his own hand although it may be of less value.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To frighten or deter from accomplishing a
purpose by making a show of confidence in one's strength or resources; as,
he <i>bluffed</i> me off.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Bluff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act as in the game of
bluff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bluff"-bowed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Built with the stem nearly straight up and down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bluff"er</hw>, (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
bluffs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bluff"-head`ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Built with the stem nearly straight up and down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bluff"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being bluff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bluff"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having bluffs, or bold, steep banks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to bo bluff; brusque.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blu"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of rendering blue; as, the <i>bluing</i> of steel.</def>
<i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something to give a bluish tint, as indigo, or
preparations used by washerwomen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blu"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat blue; as,
<i>bluish</i> veins.</def>  "<i>Bluish</i> mists." <i>Dryden.</i> --
<wf>Blu"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Blu"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Blun"der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blundered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blundering</u>.] [OE. <i>blunderen</i>, <i>blondren</i>, to stir,
confuse, blunder; perh. allied to <i>blend</i> to mix, to confound by
mixture.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a gross error or mistake; as, to
<i>blunder</i> in writing or preparing a medical prescription.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move in an awkward, clumsy manner; to
flounder and stumble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was never distinguished for address, and have often even
<i>blundered</i> in making my bow.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet knows not how to find the uncertain place,<BR>
And <i>blunders</i> on, and staggers every pace.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To blunder on</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To continue
blundering.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To find or reach as if by an
accident involving more or less stupidity, -- applied to something
desirable; as, to <i>blunder on</i> a useful discovery.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blun"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to blunder.</def> [Obs.]  "To <i>blunder</i> an adversary."
<i>Ditton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do or treat in a blundering manner; to
confuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>blunders</i> and confounds all these together.<BR>
<i>Stillingfleet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blun"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Confusion; disturbance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gross error or mistake, resulting from
carelessness, stupidity, or culpable ignorance.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Blunder</u>, <u>Error</u>, <u>Mistake</u>,
<u>Bull</u>.  An <i>error</i> is a departure or deviation from that which
is right or correct; as, an <i>error</i> of the press; an <i>error</i> of
judgment. A <i>mistake</i> is the interchange or taking of one thing for
another, through haste, inadvertence, etc.; as, a careless <i>mistake</i>.
A <i>blunder</i> is a mistake or error of a gross kind. It supposes a
person to flounder on in his course, from carelessness, ignorance, or
stupidity. A <i>bull</i> is a verbal blunder containing a laughable
incongruity of ideas.</p>

<p><hw>Blun"der*buss</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Either fr.
<i>blunder</i> + D. <i>bus</i> tube, box, akin to G. <i>b&uuml;chse</i>
box, gun, E. <i>box</i>; or corrupted fr. D. <i>donderbus</i> (literally)
thunder box, gun, musket.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short gun or firearm,
with a large bore, capable of holding a number of balls, and intended to do
execution without exact aim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stupid, blundering fellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blun"der*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is apt to
blunder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blun"der*head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Blunder + head.]
<def>A stupid, blundering fellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blun"der*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
blunders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blun"der*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a blundering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blunge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To amalgamate and
blend; to beat up or mix in water, as clay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blun"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from
<i>plunger</i>.] <def>A wooden blade with a cross handle, used for mi&?;ing
the clay in potteries; a plunger.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blun"ging</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of
mixing clay in potteries with a blunger.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blunt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.  Prov. G. <i>bludde</i>
a dull or blunt knife, Dan. <i>blunde</i> to sleep, Sw. &amp; Icel.
<i>blunda</i>; or perh. akin to E. <i>blind</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a thick edge or point, as an instrument; dull; not
sharp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The murderous knife was dull and <i>blunt</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dull in understanding; slow of discernment;
stupid; -- opposed to <i>acute</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His wits are not so <i>blunt</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Abrupt in address; plain; unceremonious; wanting
the forms of civility; rough in manners or speech.</def>  "Hiding his
bitter jests in <i>blunt</i> behavior."  "A plain, <i>blunt</i> man."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hard to impress or penetrate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I find my heart hardened and <i>blunt</i> to new
impressions.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Blunt</i> is much used in composition, as <i>blunt-</i>edged,
<i>blunt-</i>sighted, <i>blunt-</i>spoken.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Obtuse; dull; pointless; curt; short; coarse; rude;
brusque; impolite; uncivil.</p>

<p><hw>Blunt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Blunted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Blunting</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dull the edge or point of, by making it thicker;
to make blunt.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To repress or weaken, as any appetite, desire,
or power of the mind; to impair the force, keenness, or susceptibility, of;
as, to <i>blunt</i> the feelings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fencer's
foil.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A short needle with a strong point. See
<u>Needle</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Money.</def> [Cant]  <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blunt"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat blunt.</def> --
<wf>Blunt"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Blunt"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a blunt manner;
coarsely; plainly; abruptly; without delicacy, or the usual forms of
civility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes after <i>bluntly</i> giving his opinions, he would
quietly lay himself asleep until the end of their deliberations.<BR>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blunt"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want
of edge or point; dullness; obtuseness; want of sharpness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The multitude of elements and <i>bluntness</i> of
angles.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abruptness of address; rude plainness.</def>
"<i>Bluntness</i> of speech."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blunt"-wit`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dull;
stupid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Blunt-witted</i> lord, ignoble in demeanor!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blur</hw> (bl&ucirc;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blurred</u> (bl&ucirc;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Blurring</u>.] [Prob. of same origin as <i>blear</i>. See
<u>Blear</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render obscure by making the form
or outline of confused and uncertain, as by soiling; to smear; to make
indistinct and confused; as, to <i>blur</i> manuscript by handling it while
damp; to <i>blur</i> the impression of a woodcut by an excess of
ink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But time hath nothing <i>blurred</i> those lines of
favor<BR>
Which then he wore.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause imperfection of vision in; to dim; to
darken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her eyes are <i>blurred</i> with the lightning's glare.<BR>
<i>J. R. Drake.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sully; to stain; to blemish, as
reputation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sarcasms may eclipse thine own,<BR>
But can not <i>blur</i> my lost renown.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To spot; blot; disfigure; stain; sully.</p>

<p><! p. 160 !></p>

<p><hw>Blur</hw> (bl&ucirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which obscures without effacing; a stain; a blot, as upon paper
or other substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As for those who cleanse <i>blurs</i> with blotted fingers,
they make it worse.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dim, confused appearance; indistinctness of
vision; as, to see things with a <i>blur</i>; it was all
<i>blur</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A moral stain or blot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest she . . . will with her railing set a great <i>blur</i>
on mine honesty and good name.<BR>
<i>Udall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blur"ry</hw> (bl&ucirc;r"r&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full
of blurs; blurred.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blurt</hw> (bl&ucirc;rt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blurted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blurting</u>.] [Cf. <u>Blare</u>.] <def>To utter suddenly and
unadvisedly; to divulge inconsiderately; to ejaculate; -- commonly with
<i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others . . . can not hold, but <i>blurt</i> out, those words
which afterward they are forced to eat.<BR>
<i>Hakewill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To blurt at</b></col>, <cd>to speak contemptuously of.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blush</hw> (bl&ubreve;sh) <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blushed</u> (bl&ubreve;sht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Blushing</u>.] [OE. <i>bluschen</i> to shine, look, turn
red, AS. <i>blyscan</i> to glow; akin to <i>blysa</i> a torch,
<i>&amacr;bl&ymacr;sian</i> to blush, D. <i>blozen</i>, Dan. <i>blusse</i>
to blaze, blush.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become suffused with red in the cheeks, as
from a sense of shame, modesty, or confusion; to become red from such
cause, as the cheeks or face.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the nuptial bower<BR>
I led her <i>blushing</i> like the morn.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In the presence of the shameless and unblushing, the young
offender is ashamed to <i>blush</i>.<BR>
<i>Buckminster.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He would stroke<BR>
The head of modest and ingenuous worth,<BR>
That <i>blushed</i> at its own praise.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grow red; to have a red or rosy
color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun of heaven, methought, was loth to set,<BR>
But stayed, and made the western welkin <i>blush</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have a warm and delicate color, as some roses
and other flowers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full many a flower is born to <i>blush</i> unseen.<BR>
<i>T. Gray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blush</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
suffuse with a blush; to redden; to make roseate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>blush</i> and beautify the cheek again.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express or make known by blushing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>blush</i> you thanks.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blush</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A suffusion
of the cheeks or face with red, as from a sense of shame, confusion, or
modesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rosy <i>blush</i> of love.<BR>
<i>Trumbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A red or reddish color; a rosy tint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Light's last <i>blushes</i> tinged the distant hills.<BR>
<i>Lyttleton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>At first blush</b></col>, or <col><b>At the first
blush</b></col>, <cd>at the first appearance or view.</cd> "<i>At the first
blush</i>, we thought they had been ships come from France."
<i>Hakluyt.</i> This phrase is used now more of ideas, opinions, etc., than
of material things. "All purely identical propositions, obviously, and
<i>at first blush</i>, appear," etc. <i>Locke.</i> -- <col><b>To put to the
blush</b></col>, <cd>to cause to blush with shame; to put to
shame.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Blush"er</hw> (bl&ubreve;sh"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One that blushes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blush"et</hw> (-&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A modest
girl.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blush"ful</hw> (-f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
blushes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While from his ardent look the turning Spring<BR>
Averts her <i>blushful</i> face.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blush"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showing blushes; rosy red;
having a warm and delicate color like some roses and other flowers;
blooming; ruddy; roseate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dappled pink and <i>blushing</i> rose.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blush"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of turning red;
the appearance of a reddish color or flush upon the cheeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blush"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a blushing manner;
with a blush or blushes; as, to answer or confess
<i>blushingly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blush"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from blushes;
incapable of blushing; shameless; impudent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vice now, secure, her <i>blushless</i> front shall
raise.<BR>
<i>Dodsley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blush"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a blush; having
the color of a blush; rosy.</def> [R.] "A <i>blushy</i> color."
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blus"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Blustered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Blustering</u>.] [Allied to <i>blast</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To blow fitfully with violence and noise, as
wind; to be windy and boisterous, as the weather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And ever-threatening storms<BR>
Of Chaos <i>blustering</i> round.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To talk with noisy violence; to swagger, as a
turbulent or boasting person; to act in a noisy, tumultuous way; to play
the bully; to storm; to rage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your ministerial directors <i>blustered</i> like tragic
tyrants.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blus"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter, or do, with
noisy violence; to force by blustering; to bully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bloweth and <i>blustereth</i> out . . . his abominable
blasphemy.<BR>
<i>Sir T. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As if therewith he meant to <i>bluster</i> all princes into
a perfect obedience to his commands.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Blus"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fitful
noise and violence, as of a storm; violent winds; boisterousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the winds they set<BR>
Their corners, when with <i>bluster</i> to confound<BR>
Sea, air, and shore.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Noisy and violent or threatening talk; noisy and
boastful language.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Noise; boisterousness; tumult; turbulence; confusion;
boasting; swaggering; bullying.</p>

<p><hw>Blus"ter*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, blusters; a noisy swaggerer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blus"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exhibiting noisy violence, as the wind; stormy; tumultuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tempest and a <i>blustering</i> day.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uttering noisy threats; noisy and swaggering;
boisterous.</def> "A <i>blustering</i> fellow."  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blus"ter*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a blustering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blus"ter*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to
bluster; given to blustering; blustering.</def>  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blus"trous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Blusterous.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>bw</i>, an
interj. of threatening or frightening; n., terror, fear, dread.] <def>An
exclamation used to startle or frighten.</def> [Spelt also <i>boh</i> and
<i>boo</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bo"a</hw> (b&omacr;"&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Boas</b></plw>. [L. <i>boa</i> a kind of water serpent. Perh. fr.
<i>bos</i> an ox.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
large American serpents, including the boa constrictor, the emperor boa of
Mexico (<i>B. imperator</i>), and the chevalier boa of Peru (<i>B.
eques</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to related genera; as, the <i>dog-headed
boa</i> (<i>Xiphosoma caninum</i>).</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A long, round fur tippet; -- so called from its
resemblance in shape to the boa constrictor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"a con*strict"or</hw> (&?;). [NL. See <u>Boa</u>, and
<u>Constrictor</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large and powerful serpent
of tropical America, sometimes twenty or thirty feet long. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It has a succession of spots, alternately black and yellow,
extending along the back. It kills its prey by constriction. The name is
also loosely applied to other large serpents which crush their prey,
particularly to those of the genus <i>Python</i>, found in Asia and
Africa.</p>

<p><hw>||Bo`a*ner"ges</hw> (&?;). [Gr. <i>&?;</i>, fr. Heb. <i>bn&emacr;
hargem</i> sons of thunder. -- an appellation given by Christ to two of his
disciples (James and John). See <i>Mark</i> iii. 17.] <def>Any declamatory
and vociferous preacher or orator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boar</hw> (b&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bar</i>,
<i>bor</i>, <i>bore</i>, AS. <i>b&amacr;r</i>; akin to OHG.
<i>p&emacr;r</i>, MHG. <i>b&emacr;r</i>, G. <i>b&auml;r</i>, boar (but not
<i>b&auml;r</i> bear), and perh. Russ. <i>borov'</i> boar.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The uncastrated male of swine; specifically, the
wild hog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Board</hw> (b&omacr;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bord</i>, AS.
<i>bord</i> board, shipboard; akin to <i>bred</i> plank, Icel.
<i>bor&eth;</i> board, side of a ship, Goth. f&omacr;tu-<i>baurd</i>
footstool, D. <i>bord</i> board, G. <i>brett</i>, <i>bort</i>. See def. 8.
&radic;92.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of timber sawed thin, and of
considerable length and breadth as compared with the thickness, -- used for
building, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When sawed thick, as over one and a half or two inches, it is
usually called a <i>plank</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A table to put food upon.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>board</i> answers to the modern <i>table</i>, but it
was often movable, and placed on trestles.  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fruit of all kinds . . . <BR>
She gathers, tribute large, and on the <i>board</i><BR>
Heaps with unsparing hand.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: What is served on a table as food; stated
meals; provision; entertainment; -- usually as furnished for pay; as, to
work for one's <i>board</i>; the price of <i>board</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A table at which a council or court is held.
Hence:  A council, convened for business, or any authorized assembly or
meeting, public or private; a number of persons appointed or elected to sit
in council for the management or direction of some public or private
business or trust; as, the <i>Board</i> of Admiralty; a <i>board</i> of
trade; a <i>board</i> of directors, trustees, commissioners, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both better acquainted with affairs than any other who sat
then at that <i>board</i>.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We may judge from their letters to the <i>board</i>.<BR>
<i>Porteus.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A square or oblong piece of thin wood or other
material used for some special purpose, as, a molding <i>board</i>; a board
or surface painted or arranged for a game; as, a chess<i>board</i>; a
backgammon <i>board</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Paper made thick and stiff like a board, for
book covers, etc.; pasteboard; as, to bind a book in
<i>boards</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The stage in a theater; as, to go
upon the <i>boards</i>, to enter upon the theatrical profession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> [In this use originally perh. a different word
meaning <i>border</i>, <i>margin</i>; cf. D. <i>boord</i>, G. <i>bord</i>,
shipboard, and G. <i>borte</i> trimming; also F. <i>bord</i> (fr. G.) the
side of a ship. Cf. <u>Border</u>.] <def>The border or side of
anything.</def> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The side of a
ship.</def> "Now <i>board</i> to <i>board</i> the rival vessels row."
<i>Dryden.</i> See <i>On board</i>, below. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
stretch which a ship makes in one tack.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Board</i> is much used adjectively or as the last part of a
compound; as, fir <i>board</i>, clap<i>board</i>, floor <i>board</i>,
ship<i>board</i>, side<i>board</i>, ironing <i>board</i>,
chess<i>board</i>, card<i>board</i>, paste<i>board</i>, sea<i>board</i>;
<i>board</i> measure.</p>

<p><col><b>The American Board</b></col>, <cd>a shortened form of "The
American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions" (the foreign
missionary society of the American Congregational churches).</cd> --
<col><b>Bed and board</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bed</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Board and board</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>side by side.</cd> --
<col><b>Board of control</b></col>, <cd>six privy councilors formerly
appointed to superintend the affairs of the British East Indies.</cd>
<i>Stormonth.</i> -- <col><b>Board rule</b></col>, <cd>a figured scale for
finding without calculation the number of square feet in a board.</cd>
<i>Haldeman.</i> -- <col><b>Board of trade</b></col>, <cd>in England, a
committee of the privy council appointed to superintend matters relating to
trade. In the United States, a body of men appointed for the advancement
and protection of their business interests; a chamber of commerce.</cd> --
<col><b>Board wages</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Food and lodging
supplied as compensation for services; as, to work hard, and get only
<i>board wages</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Money wages which are
barely sufficient to buy food and lodging.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A
separate or special allowance of wages for the procurement of food, or food
and lodging.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>By the board</b></col>,
<cd>over the <i>board</i>, or side.</cd> "The mast went <i>by the
board</i>." <i>Totten.</i> Hence (Fig.), <col><b>To go by the
board</b></col>, <cd>to suffer complete destruction or overthrow.</cd> --
<col><b>To enter on the boards</b></col>, <cd>to have one's name inscribed
on a board or tablet in a college as a student.</cd> [Cambridge, England.]
"Having been <i>entered on the boards</i> of Trinity college."
<i>Hallam.</i> -- <col><b>To make a good board</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to sail in a straight line when close-hauled; to lose little to
leeward.</cd> -- <col><b>To make short boards</b></col>, <cd>to tack
frequently.</cd> -- <col><b>On board</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>On
shipboard; in a ship or a boat; on board of; as, I came <i>on board</i>
early; to be <i>on board</i> ship.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In or into
a railway car or train.</cd> [Colloq. U. S.] -- <col><b>Returning
board</b></col>, <cd>a board empowered to canvass and make an official
statement of the votes cast at an election.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Board</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Boarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Boarding</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with boards or boarding; as, to
<i>board</i> a house.</def> "The <i>boarded</i> hovel."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Board</u> to accost, and see <u>Board</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To go on board of, or enter, as a ship, whether
in a hostile or a friendly way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>board</i> an enemy to capture her, and a stranger to
receive news or make a communication.<BR>
<i>Totten.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To enter, as a railway car.</def> [Colloq. U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with regular meals, or with meals and
lodgings, for compensation; to supply with daily meals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To place at board, for compensation; as, to
<i>board</i> one's horse at a livery stable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Board</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To obtain meals, or
meals and lodgings, statedly for compensation; as, he <i>boards</i> at the
hotel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are several of us, gentlemen and ladies, who <i>board</i>
in the same house.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Board</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>aborder</i>. See
<u>Abord</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To approach; to accost; to
address; hence, to woo.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>board</i> her, though she chide as loud<BR>
As thunder when the clouds in autumn crack.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Board"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That can be
boarded, as a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Board"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who has food statedly at another's table, or meals and lodgings in
his house, for pay, or compensation of any kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One who boards a ship; one
selected to board an enemy's ship.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Board"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The act of entering a ship, whether with a hostile or a
friendly purpose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both slain at one time, as they attempted the
<i>boarding</i> of a frigate.<BR>
<i>Sir F. Drake.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of covering with boards; also, boards,
collectively; or a covering made of boards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of supplying, or the state of being
supplied, with regular or specified meals, or with meals and lodgings, for
pay.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Boarding house</b></col>, <cd>a house in which boarders are
kept.</cd> -- <col><b>Boarding nettings</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
strong network of cords or ropes erected at the side of a ship to prevent
an enemy from boarding it.</cd> -- <col><b>Boarding pike</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a pike used by sailors in boarding a vessel, or in
repelling an attempt to board it.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Boarding
school</b></col>, <cd>a school in which pupils receive board and lodging as
well as instruction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Boar"fish`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A Mediterranean fish (<i>Capros aper</i>), of the
family <i>Caproid&aelig;</i>; -- so called from the resemblance of the
extended lips to a hog's snout.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
Australian percoid fish (<i>Histiopterus recurvirostris</i>), valued as a
food fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boar"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Swinish; brutal;
cruel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In his anointed flesh stick <i>boarish</i> fangs.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boast</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Boasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Boasting</u>.] [OE. <i>bosten</i>, <i>boosten</i>, v., <i>bost</i>,
<i>boost</i>, n., noise, boasting; cf. G. <i>bausen</i>, <i>bauschen</i>,
to swell, <i>pusten</i>, Dan. <i>puste</i>, Sw. <i>pusta</i>, to blow, Sw.
<i>p&ouml;sa</i> to swell; or W. <i>bostio</i> to boast, <i>bost</i> boast,
Gael. <i>bosd</i>. But these last may be from English.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To vaunt one's self; to brag; to say or tell things which are intended
to give others a high opinion of one's self or of things belonging to one's
self; as, to <i>boast</i> of one's exploits courage, descent,
wealth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of
yourselves: . . not of works, lest any man should <i>boast</i>.<BR>
<i>Eph. ii. 8, 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To speak in exulting language of another; to
glory; to exult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In God we <i>boast</i> all the day long.<BR>
<i>Ps. xliv. 8</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To brag; bluster; vapor; crow; talk big.</p>

<p><hw>Boast</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
display in ostentatious language; to speak of with pride, vanity, or
exultation, with a view to self-commendation; to extol.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest bad men should <i>boast</i><BR>
Their specious deeds.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To display vaingloriously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To possess or have; as, to <i>boast</i> a
name.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To boast one's self</b></col>, <cd>to speak with unbecoming
confidence in, and approval of, one's self; -- followed by <i>of</i> and
the thing to which the boasting relates.</cd> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Boast</i> not <i>thyself</i> of to-morrow.<BR>
<i>Prov. xxvii. 1</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boast</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Of uncertain etymology.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To dress, as a stone, with a broad
chisel.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Sculp.)</i> <def>To shape roughly as a
preparation for the finer work to follow; to cut to the general form
required.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boast</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of
boasting; vaunting or bragging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reason and morals? and where live they most,<BR>
In Christian comfort, or in Stoic <i>boast</i>!<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cause of boasting; occasion of pride or
exultation, -- sometimes of laudable pride or exultation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>boast</i> of historians.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boast"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Boasting.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boast"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who boasts; a
braggart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boast"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone mason's broad-faced
chisel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boast"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to, or full
of, boasting; inclined to boast; vaunting; vainglorious; self-
praising.</def> -- <wf>Boast"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Boast"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Boast"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of glorying or
vaunting; vainglorious speaking; ostentatious display.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>boasting</i> ends, then dignity begins.<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boast"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Boastfully; with
boasting.</def> "He <i>boastingly</i> tells you."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boast"ive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Presumptuous.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Boast"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without boasting or
ostentation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boat</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>boot</i>, <i>bat</i>,
AS. <i>b&amacr;t</i>; akin to Icel. <i>b&amacr;tr</i>, Sw.
<i>b&aring;t</i>, Dan. <i>baad</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>boot</i>. Cf.
<u>Bateau</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small open vessel, or water craft, usually
moved by cars or paddles, but often by a sail.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Different kinds of boats have different names; as, <i>canoe</i>,
<i>yawl</i>, <i>wherry</i>, <i>pinnace</i>, <i>punt</i>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any vessel; usually with some epithet
descriptive of its use or mode of propulsion; as, pilot <i>boat</i>, packet
<i>boat</i>, passage <i>boat</i>, advice <i>boat</i>, etc.  The term is
sometimes applied to steam vessels, even of the largest class; as, the
Cunard <i>boats</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vehicle, utensil, or dish, somewhat resembling
a boat in shape; as, a stone <i>boat</i>; a gravy <i>boat</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 161 !></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Boat</i> is much used either adjectively or in combination;
as, <i>boat</i> builder or <i>boat</i>builder; <i>boat</i> building or
<i>boat</i>building; <i>boat</i> hook or <i>boat</i>hook; <i>boat</i>house;
<i>boat</i> keeper or <i>boat</i>keeper; <i>boat</i> load; <i>boat</i>
race; <i>boat</i> racing; <i>boat</i> rowing; <i>boat</i> song;
<i>boat</i>like; <i>boat</i>-shaped.</p>

<p><col><b>Advice boat</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Advice</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Boat hook</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an iron hook with a point
on the back, fixed to a long pole, to pull or push a boat, raft, log,
etc.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Boat rope</b></col>, <cd>a rope for
fastening a boat; -- usually called a <i>painter</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>In
the same boat</b></col>, <cd>in the same situation or predicament.</cd>
[Colloq.]  <i>F. W. Newman.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Boat</hw> (b&omacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Boated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Boating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To transport in a boat; as, to
<i>boat</i> goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place in a boat; as, to <i>boat</i>
oars.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To boat the oars</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Oar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Boat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go or row in a
boat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>boated</i> over, ran my craft aground.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boat"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Such as can be transported in a boat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Navigable for boats, or small river
craft.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>boatable</i> waters of the Alleghany.<BR>
<i>J. Morse.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boat"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Conveyance by boat;
also, a charge for such conveyance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boat"bill`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wading bird (<i>Cancroma cochlearia</i>) of the
tropical parts of South America. Its bill is somewhat like a boat with the
keel uppermost.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A perching bird of India, of the genus
<i>Eurylaimus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boat" bug`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An aquatic
hemipterous insect of the genus <i>Notonecta</i>; -- so called from
swimming on its back, which gives it the appearance of a little boat.
Called also <i>boat fly</i>, <i>boat insect</i>, <i>boatman</i>, and
<i>water boatman</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boat"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Boatfuls</b></plw>. <def>The quantity or amount that fills a
boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boat"house`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house for
sheltering boats.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Half the latticed <i>boathouse</i> hides.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boat"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or practice of rowing or sailing, esp. as an amusement; carriage in
boats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In Persia, a punishment of capital offenders, by
laying them on the back in a covered boat, where they are left to
perish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>boatus</i>, fr.
<i>boare</i> to roar.] <def>A crying out; a roaring; a bellowing;
reverberation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The guns were heard . . . about a hundred Italian miles, in
long <i>boations</i>.<BR>
<i>Derham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boat"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Boatmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man who manages
a boat; a rower of a boat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As late the <i>boatman</i> hies him home.<BR>
<i>Percival.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A boat bug. See <u>Boat
bug</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boat"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of managing a
boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boat"-shaped`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cymbiform</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boat" shell`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A marine gastropod of the genus <i>Crepidula</i>. The species are
numerous. It is so named from its form and interior deck.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A marine univalve shell of the genus
<i>Cymba</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boats"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boatman.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Boat"swain</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Boat</i> +
<i>swain</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An officer who has
charge of the boats, sails, rigging, colors, anchors, cables, cordage,
etc., of a ship, and who also summons the crew, and performs other
duties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
jager gull.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The tropic bird.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Boatswain's mate</b></col>, <cd>an assistant of the
boatswain.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boat"-tail`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large grackle or blackbird (<i>Quiscalus major</i>), found in the
Southern United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boat"wom`an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Boatwomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman who manages a
boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bob</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [An onomatopoetic word,
expressing quick, jerky motion; OE. <i>bob</i> bunch, <i>bobben</i> to
strike, mock, deceive. Cf. Prov. Eng. <i>bob</i>, n., a ball, an engine
beam, bunch, blast, trick, taunt, scoff; as, a v., to dance, to courtesy,
to disappoint, OF. <i>bober</i> to mock.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything
that hangs so as to play loosely, or with a short abrupt motion, as at the
end of a string; a pendant; as, the <i>bob</i> at the end of a kite's
tail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In jewels dressed and at each ear a <i>bob</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A knot of worms, or of rags, on a string, used
in angling, as for eels; formerly, a worm suitable for bait.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or yellow <i>bobs</i>, turned up before the plow,<BR>
Are chiefest baits, with cork and lead enow.<BR>
<i>Lauson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of cork or light wood attached to
a fishing line to show when a fish is biting; a float.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The ball or heavy part of a pendulum; also, the
ball or weight at the end of a plumb line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A small wheel, made of leather, with rounded
edges, used in polishing spoons, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A short, jerking motion; act of bobbing; as, a
<i>bob</i> of the head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>A working beam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A knot or short curl of hair; also, a bob
wig.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A plain brown <i>bob</i> he wore.<BR>
<i>Shenstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A peculiar mode of ringing changes on
bells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The refrain of a song.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To bed, to bed, will be the <i>bob</i> of the song.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A blow; a shake or jog; a rap, as with the
fist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A jeer or flout; a sharp jest or taunt; a
trick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that a fool doth very wisely hit,<BR>
Doth very foolishly, although he smart,<BR>
Not to seem senseless of the <i>bob</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>A shilling.</def> [Slang, Eng.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bob</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bobbed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bobbing</u>.] [OE. <i>bobben</i>. See <u>Bob</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to move in a short, jerking manner; to
move (a thing) with a bob.</def> "He <i>bobbed</i> his head."  <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike with a quick, light blow; to
tap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If any man happened by long sitting to sleep . . . he was
suddenly <i>bobbed</i> on the face by the servants.<BR>
<i>Elyot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cheat; to gain by fraud or cheating; to
filch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gold and jewels that I <i>bobbed</i> from him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mock or delude; to cheat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To play her pranks, and <i>bob</i> the fool,<BR>
The shrewish wife began.<BR>
<i>Turbervile.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cut short; as, to <i>bob</i> the hair, or a
horse's tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bob</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a
short, jerking motion; to play to and fro, or up and down; to play loosely
against anything.</def> "<i>Bobbing</i> and courtesying."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To angle with a bob. See <u>Bob</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2 &amp; 3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He ne'er had learned the art to <i>bob</i><BR>
For anything but eels.<BR>
<i>Saxe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To bob at an apple</b></col>, <col><b>cherry</b></col>, etc.
<cd>to attempt to bite or seize with the mouth an apple, cherry, or other
round fruit, while it is swinging from a string or floating in a tug of
water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Bo"bac</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Poland marmot (<i>Arctomys bobac</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo*bance"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bobance</i>, F.
<i>bombance</i>, boasting, pageantry, fr. L. <i>bombus</i> a humming,
buzzing.] <def>A boasting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bob"ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, bobs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bob"ber*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. an Anglo-Indian
form of Hindi <i>b&amacr;p re</i> O thou father! (a very disrespectful
address).] <def>A squabble; a tumult; a noisy disturbance; as, to raise a
<i>bobbery</i>.</def> [Low]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bob"bin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bobine</i>; of
uncertain origin; cf. L. <i>bombus</i> a humming, from the noise it makes,
or Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>baban</i> tassel, or E. <i>bob</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small pin, or cylinder, formerly of bone, now most commonly of wood,
used in the making of pillow lace. Each thread is wound on a separate
bobbin which hangs down holding the thread at a slight tension.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spool or reel of various material and
construction, with a head at one or both ends, and sometimes with a hole
bored through its length by which it may be placed on a spindle or pivot.
It is used to hold yarn or thread, as in spinning or warping machines,
looms, sewing machines, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The little rounded piece of wood, at the end of
a latch string, which is pulled to raise the latch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Haberdashery)</i> <def>A fine cord or narrow
braid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A cylindrical or spool-shaped
coil or insulated wire, usually containing a core of soft iron which
becomes magnetic when the wire is traversed by an electrical
current.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bobbin and fly frame</b></col>, <cd>a roving machine.</cd> --
<col><b>Bobbin lace</b></col>, <cd>lace made on a pillow with bobbins;
pillow lace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bob`bi*net"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bobbin</i> +
<i>net</i>.] <def>A kind of cotton lace which is wrought by machines, and
not by hand.</def> [Sometimes written <i>bobbin net</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The English machine-made net is now confined to point net,
warp net, and <i>bobbin net</i>, so called from the peculiar construction
of the machines by which they are produced.<BR>
<i>Tomlinsom.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bob"bin*work`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work woven with
bobbins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bob"bish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hearty; in good
spirits.</def> [Low, Eng.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bob"by</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nickname for a
policeman; -- from Sir <i>Robert</i> Peel, who remodeled the police force.
See Peeler.</def> [Slang, Eng.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bob"-cher`ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A play among
children, in which a cherry, hung so as to bob against the mouth, is to be
caught with the teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bob"fly`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fishing)</i> <def>The
fly at the end of the leader; an end fly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bob"o*link`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An American singing bird (<i>Dolichonyx oryzivorus</i>). The male is
black and white; the female is brown; -- called also, <i>ricebird</i>,
<i>reedbird</i>, and <i>Boblincoln</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The happiest bird of our spring is the <i>bobolink</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bob"sled`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bob"sleigh`</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short sled, mostly used as one of a pair
connected by a reach or coupling; also, the compound sled so formed.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The long wagon body set on <i>bobsleds</i>.<BR>
<i>W. D. Howells.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bob"stay`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bob</i> +
<i>stay</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope or chain to confine the bowsprit
of a ship downward to the stem or cutwater; -- usually in the
<i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Bob"tail`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bob</i> +
<i>tail</i>.] <def>An animal (as a horse or dog) with a short
tail.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rag, tag, and bobtail</b></col>, <cd>the rabble.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bob"tail`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bobtailed.</def>
"<i>Bobtail</i> cur."  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bob"tailed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the tail
cut short, or naturally short; curtailed; as, a <i>bobtailed</i> horse or
dog; a <i>bobtailed</i> coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bob"white`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The common quail of North America (<i>Colinus, or Ortyx,
Virginianus</i>); -- so called from its note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bob" wig`</hw> (&?;). <def>A short wig with bobs or short curls; --
called also <i>bobtail wig</i>.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bo"cal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A cylindrical
glass vessel, with a large and short neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo*car"do</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A mnemonic word.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A form of syllogism of which the
first and third propositions are particular negatives, and the middle term
a universal affirmative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Baroko and <i>Bocardo</i> have been stumbling blocks to the
logicians.<BR>
<i>Bowen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A prison; -- originally the name of the old
north gate in Oxford, which was used as a prison.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boc"a*sine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bocassin</i>,
<i>boucassin</i>.] <def>A sort of fine buckram.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Boc"ca</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., mouth.] <def>The
round hole in the furnace of a glass manufactory through which the fused
glass is taken out.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boce</hw> (b&omacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>box</i>,
<i>bocis</i>, Gr. <grk>bo`ax</grk>, <grk>bw^x</grk>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A European fish (<i>Box vulgaris</i>), having a compressed body and
bright colors; -- called also <i>box</i>, and <i>bogue</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bock" beer`</hw> (&?;). [G. <i>bockbier</i>; <i>bock</i> a buck +
<i>bier</i> beer; -- said to be so named from its tendency to cause the
drinker to caper like a goat.] <def>A strong beer, originally made in
Bavaria.</def> [Also written <i>buck beer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bock"e*let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A kind of long-winged hawk; -- called also <i>bockerel</i>, and
<i>bockeret</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bock"ey</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>bokaal</i>.] <def>A
bowl or vessel made from a gourd.</def> [Local, New York]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bock"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coarse woolen fabric,
used for floor cloths, to cover carpets, etc.; -- so called from the town
of <i>Bocking</i>, in England, where it was first made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bock"land</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bookland</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bod"dice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bodick</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bode</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Boded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Boding</u>.] [OE. <i>bodien</i>, AS. <i>bodian</i> to announce, tell
from <i>bod</i> command; akin to Icel. <i>bo&?;a</i> to announce, Sw.
<i>b&aring;da</i> to announce, portend. &radic;89. See <u>Bid</u>.] <def>To
indicate by signs, as future events; to be the omen of; to portend to
presage; to foreshow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A raven that <i>bodes</i> nothing but mischief.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Good onset <i>bodes</i> good end.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bode</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To foreshow something; to
augur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever now<BR>
The omen proved, it <i>boded</i> well to you.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To forebode; foreshadow; augur; betoken.</p>

<p><hw>Bode</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An omen; a
foreshadowing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The owl eke, that of death the <i>bode</i> bringeth.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bid; an offer.</def> [Obs. or Dial.]  <i>Sir
W. Scott</i></p>

<p><hw>Bode</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>boda</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>boda</i>, AS. <i>bodo</i>, OHG. <i>boto</i>. See <u>Bode</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>A messenger; a herald.</def>  <i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bode</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Abide</u>.] <def>A stop; a
halting; delay.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bode</hw>, <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> from <u>Bide</u>.
<def>Abode.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There that night they <i>bode</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bode</hw>, <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Bid</u>. <def>Bid or
bidden.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bode"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Portentous;
ominous.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bode"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An omen; a
prognostic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This foolish, dreaming, superstitious girl<BR>
Makes all these <i>bodements</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bodge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A botch; a patch.</def>
[Dial.]  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bodge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bodged</u> (&?;).] <def>To botch; to mend clumsily; to
patch.</def> [Obs. or Dial.]</p>

<p><hw>Bodge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Budge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"di*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large food fish (<i>Diagramma lineatum</i>), native of the East
Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bod"ice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [This is properly the
plural of <i>body</i>, Oe. <i>bodise</i> a pair of bodies, equiv. to a
bodice. Cf. <u>Corset</u>, and see <u>Body</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
kind of under waist stiffened with whalebone, etc., worn esp. by women; a
corset; stays.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A close-fitting outer waist or vest forming the
upper part of a woman's dress, or a portion of it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>bodice</i> half way she unlaced.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bod"iced</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
bodice.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bod"ied</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a body; --
usually in composition; as, able-<i>bodied</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A doe . . . not altogether so fat, but very good flesh and
good <i>bodied</i>.<BR>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bod"i*less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having no body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without material form; incorporeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Phantoms <i>bodiless</i> and vain.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bod"i*li*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Corporeality.</def>  <i>Minsheu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bod"i*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a body or material form; physical; corporeal; consisting of
matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are a mere spirit, and have no knowledge of the
<i>bodily</i> part of us.<BR>
<i>Tatler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the body, in distinction
from the mind.</def> "<i>Bodily</i> defects."  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Real; actual; put in execution.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Be brought to <i>bodily</i> act.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bodily fear</b></col>, <cd>apprehension of physical
injury.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Corporal</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bod"i*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Corporeally; in bodily form; united with a body or matter; in the
body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For in him dwelleth all the fullness of the Godhead
<i>bodily</i>.<BR>
<i>Col. ii. 9</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In respect to, or so as to affect, the entire
body or mass; entirely; all at once; completely; as, to carry away
<i>bodily</i>. "Leapt <i>bodily</i> below."
</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><! p. 162 !></p>

<p><hw>Bod"ing</hw> (b&omacr;d"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Foreshowing; presaging; ominous.</def> -- <wf>Bod"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bod"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A prognostic; an omen; a
foreboding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bod"kin</hw> (b&obreve;d"k&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>boydekyn</i> dagger; of uncertain origin; cf. W. <i>bidog</i> hanger,
short sword, Ir. <i>bideog</i>, Gael. <i>biodag</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A dagger.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When he himself might his quietus make<BR>
With a bare <i>bodkin</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Needlework)</i> <def>An implement of steel, bone,
ivory, etc., with a sharp point, for making holes by piercing; a
&?;tiletto; an eyeleteer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A sharp tool, like an awl, used
for picking &?;ut letters from a column or page in making
corrections.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kind of needle with a large eye and a blunt
point, for drawing tape, ribbon, etc., through a loop or a hem; a tape
needle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wedged whole ages in a <i>bodkin's</i> eye.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A kind of pin used by women to fasten the
hair.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sit</b></col>, <col><b>ride</b></col>, or <col><b>travel
bodkin</b></col>, <cd>to sit closely wedged between two persons.</cd>
[Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bod"kin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Baudekin</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shirley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bo"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small Scotch coin
worth about one sixth of an English penny.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bod"lei*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Sir
Thomas Bodley, or to the celebrated library at Oxford, founded by him in
the sixteenth century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo*dock"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupt. fr. <i>bois
d'arc</i>.] <def>The Osage orange.</def> [Southwestern U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bod"rage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. of Celtic origin:
cf. <u>Bordrage</u>.] <def>A raid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bod"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bodies</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>bodi</i>, AS. <i>bodig</i>; akin to
OHG. <i>botah</i>. &radic;257. Cf. <u>Bodice</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The material organized substance of an animal,
whether living or dead, as distinguished from the spirit, or vital
principle; the physical person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Absent in <i>body</i>, but present in spirit.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. v. 3</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>For of the soul the <i>body</i> form doth take.<BR>
For soul is form, and doth the <i>body</i> make.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The trunk, or main part, of a person or animal,
as distinguished from the limbs and head; the main, central, or principal
part, as of a tree, army, country, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who set the <i>body</i> and the limbs<BR>
Of this great sport together?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The van of the king's army was led by the general; . . . in
the <i>body</i> was the king and the prince.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Rivers that run up into the <i>body</i> of Italy.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The real, as opposed to the symbolical; the
substance, as opposed to the shadow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which are a shadow of things to come; but the <i>body</i> is
of Christ.<BR>
<i>Col. ii. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person; a human being; -- frequently in
composition; as, any<i>body</i>, no<i>body</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dry, shrewd kind of a <i>body</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A number of individuals spoken of collectively,
usually as united by some common tie, or as organized for some purpose; a
collective whole or totality; a corporation; as, a legislative <i>body</i>;
a clerical <i>body</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A numerous <i>body</i> led unresistingly to the
slaughter.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A number of things or particulars embodied in a
system; a general collection; as, a great <i>body</i> of facts; a
<i>body</i> of laws or of divinity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Any mass or portion of matter; any substance
distinct from others; as, a metallic <i>body</i>; a moving <i>body</i>; an
a&euml;riform <i>body</i>.</def> "A <i>body</i> of cold air."
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By collision of two <i>bodies</i>, grind<BR>
The air attrite to fire.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Amount; quantity; extent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>That part of a garment covering the body, as
distinguished from the parts covering the limbs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The bed or box of a vehicle, on or in which the
load is placed; as, a wagon <i>body</i>; a cart <i>body</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The shank of a type, or the
depth of the shank (by which the size is indicated); as, a nonpareil face
on an agate <i>body</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A figure that has length,
breadth, and thickness; any solid figure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Consistency; thickness; substance; strength;
as, this color has <i>body</i>; wine of a good <i>body</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Colors <i>bear a body</i> when they are capable of being ground
so fine, and of being mixed so entirely with oil, as to seem only a very
thick oil of the same color.</p>

<p><col><b>After body</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the part of a ship
abaft the dead flat.</cd> -- <col><b>Body cavity</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>the space between the walls of the body and the inclosed viscera; the
c&aelig;lum; -- in mammals, divided by the diaphragm into thoracic and
abdominal cavities.</cd> -- <col><b>Body of a church</b></col>, <cd>the
nave.</cd> -- <col><b>Body cloth</b></col>; <i>pl.</i> <col><b>Body
cloths</b></col>, <cd>a cloth or blanket for covering horses.</cd> --
<col><b>Body clothes</b></col>. (<i>pl.</i>) <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<cd>Clothing for the body; esp. underclothing.</cd> <sn><b>2.</b></sn>
<cd>Body cloths for horses.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>Body
coat</b></col>, <cd>a gentleman's dress coat.</cd> -- <col><b>Body
color</b></col> <i>(Paint.)</i>, <cd>a pigment that has consistency,
thickness, or body, in distinction from a tint or wash.</cd> --
<col><b>Body of a law</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the main and operative
part.</cd> -- <col><b>Body louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
species of louse (<i>Pediculus vestimenti</i>), which sometimes infests the
human body and clothes. See <u>Grayback</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Body
plan</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>an end elevation, showing the
conbour of the sides of a ship at certain points of her length.</cd> --
<col><b>Body politic</b></col>, <cd>the collective body of a nation or
state as politically organized, or as exercising political functions; also,
a corporation.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As to the persons who compose the <i>body politic</i> or
associate themselves, they take collectively the name of "people", or
"nation".<BR>
<i>Bouvier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p> -- <col><b>Body servant</b></col>, <cd>a valet.</cd> -- <col><b>The
bodies seven</b></col> <i>(Alchemy)</i>, <cd>the metals corresponding to
the planets.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sol gold is, and Luna silver we threpe (=call), Mars yren
(=iron), Mercurie quicksilver we clepe, Saturnus lead, and Jupiter is tin,
and Venus coper.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p> -- <col><b>Body snatcher</b></col>, <cd>one who secretly removes
without right or authority a dead body from a grave, vault, etc.; a
resurrectionist.</cd> -- <col><b>Body snatching</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>the unauthorized removal of a dead body from the grave; usually for the
purpose of dissection.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bod"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bodied</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bodying</u>.] <def>To furnish with, or as with, a body; to produce in
definite shape; to embody.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To body forth</b></col>, <cd>to give from or shape to
mentally.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Imagination <i>bodies</i> forth<BR>
The forms of things unknown.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i>
</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bod"y*guard`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A guard to protect or defend the person; a lifeguard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Retinue; attendance; following.</def>  <i>Bp.
Porteus.</i></p>

<p><hw>B&oelig;*o"tian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Boeotia</i>,
Gr. <i>&?;</i>, noted for its moist, thick atmosphere, and the dullness and
stupidity of its inhabitants.] <def>Of or pertaining to B&oelig;otia;
hence, stupid; dull; obtuse.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of
B&oelig;otia; also, one who is dull and ignorant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Boer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D., a farmer. See
<u>Boor</u>.] <def>A colonist or farmer in South Africa of Dutch
descent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"es</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>3d sing. pr.</i></pos> of <u>Behove</u>.
<def>Behoves or behooves.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bog</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>bog</i> soft,
tender, moist: cf. Ir. bogach bog, moor, marsh, Gael. <i>bogan</i>
quagmire.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quagmire filled with decayed moss and other
vegetable matter; wet spongy ground where a heavy body is apt to sink; a
marsh; a morass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Appalled with thoughts of <i>bog</i>, or caverned pit,<BR>
Of treacherous earth, subsiding where they tread.<BR>
<i>R. Jago.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots,
and grass, in a marsh or swamp.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bog bean</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Buck bean</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bog bumper</b></col> (bump, to make a loud noise), <col><b>Bog
blitter</b></col>, <col><b>Bog bluiter</b></col>, <col><b>Bog
jumper</b></col>, <cd>the bittern.</cd> [Prov.] -- <col><b>Bog
butter</b></col>, <cd>a hydrocarbon of butterlike consistence found in the
peat bogs of Ireland.</cd> -- <col><b>Bog earth</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>a soil composed for the most part of silex and partially decomposed
vegetable fiber.</cd> <i>P. Cyc.</i> -- <col><b>Bog moss</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Sphagnum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bog
myrtle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the sweet gale.</cd> -- <col><b>Bog
ore</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An ore of iron found
in boggy or swampy land; a variety of brown iron ore, or limonite.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Bog manganese, the hydrated peroxide of
manganese.</cd> -- <col><b>Bog rush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any rush
growing in bogs; saw grass.</cd> -- <col><b>Bog spavin</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Spavin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bog</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bogged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bogging</u>.]
<def>To sink, as into a bog; to submerge in a bog; to cause to sink and
stick, as in mud and mire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At another time, he was <i>bogged</i> up to the middle in
the slough of Lochend.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bog"ber`ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
small cranberry (<i>Vaccinium oxycoccus</i>), which grows in boggy
places.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"gey</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A goblin; a bugbear.
See <u>Bogy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bog"gard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bogey.</def>
[Local, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bog"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Boggled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Boggling</u> (&?;).] [ See <u>Bogle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stop or hesitate as if suddenly frightened, or
in doubt, or impeded by unforeseen difficulties; to take alarm; to exhibit
hesitancy and indecision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We start and <i>boggle</i> at every unusual appearance.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Boggling</i> at nothing which serveth their purpose.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do anything awkwardly or
unskillfully.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To play fast and loose; to dissemble.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To doubt; hesitate; shrink; stickle; demur.</p>

<p><hw>Bog"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To embarrass with
difficulties; to make a bungle or botch of.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bog"gler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
boggles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bog"glish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Doubtful;
skittish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bog"gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or
containing, a bog or bogs; of the nature of a bog; swampy; as, <i>boggy</i>
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"gie</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A dialectic word. N. of
Eng. &amp; Scot.] <def>A four-wheeled truck, having a certain amount of play
around a vertical axis, used to support in part a locomotive on a railway
track.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. and North Eng.
<i>bogle</i>, <i>bogill</i>, <i>bugill</i>, specter; as a verb, to terrify,
fr. W. <i>bwgwl</i> threatening, fear, <i>bwg</i>, <i>bwgan</i>, specter,
hobgoblin. Cf. <u>Bug</u>.] <def>A goblin; a specter; a frightful phantom;
a bogy; a bugbear.</def> [Written also <i>boggle</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bog"suck`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The American woodcock; -- so called from its feeding among the
bogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bog"trot`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lives in
a boggy country; -- applied in derision to the lowest class of Irish.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bog"trot`ting</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Living among
bogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bogue</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
fall off from the wind; to edge away to leeward; -- said only of inferior
craft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bogue</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
boce; -- called also <i>bogue bream</i>. See <u>Boce</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"gus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>Spurious; fictitious; sham; -- a cant term originally applied to
counterfeit coin, and hence denoting anything counterfeit.</def> [Colloq.
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bo"gus</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A liquor made of rum and
molasses.</def> [Local, U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bog"wood`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wood of trees,
esp. of oaks, dug up from peat bogs. It is of a shining black or ebony
color, and is largely used for making ornaments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bogies</b></plw> (&?;). [See <u>Bogle</u>.] <def>A specter; a
hobgoblin; a bugbear.</def> "Death's heads and <i>bogies</i>." <i>J. H.
Newman.</i> [Written also <i>bogey</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There are plenty of such foolish attempts at playing
<i>bogy</i> in the history of savages.<BR>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bo*hea"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Wu-i</i>,
pronounced by the Chinese <i>bu-i</i>, the name of the hills where this
kind of tea is grown.] <def>Bohea tea, an inferior kind of black tea. See
under <u>Tea</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name was formerly applied to superior kinds of black tea, or
to black tea in general.</p>

<p><hw>Bo*he"mi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A country of central Europe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The region or community of social
Bohemians. See <u>Bohemian</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She knew every one who was any one in the land of
<i>Bohemia</i>.<BR>
<i>Compton Reade.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bo*he"mi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to Bohemia, or to the language of its ancient
inhabitants or their descendants. See <u>Bohemian</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a social gypsy or "Bohemian"
(see <u>Bohemian</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3); vagabond; unconventional;
free and easy.</def> [Modern]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hers was a pleasant <i>Bohemian</i> life till she was five
and thirty.<BR>
<i>Blackw. Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Artists have abandoned their <i>Bohemian</i> manners and
customs nowadays.<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bohemian chatterer</b></col>, or <col><b>Bohemian
waxwing</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small bird of Europe and
America (<i>Ampelis garrulus</i>); the waxwing.</cd> -- <col><b>Bohemian
glass</b></col>, <cd>a variety of hard glass of fine quality, made in
Bohemia. It is of variable composition, containing usually silica, lime,
and potash, rarely soda, but no lead. It is often remarkable for beauty of
color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bo*he"mi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native of Bohemia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of the Czechs (the ancient
inhabitants of Bohemia), the richest and most developed of the dialects of
the Slavic family.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A restless vagabond; -- originally, an idle
stroller or gypsy (as in France) thought to have come from Bohemia; in
later times often applied to an adventurer in art or literature, of
irregular, unconventional habits, questionable tastes, or free
morals.</def> [Modern]</p>

<p>&fist; In this sense from the French <i>boh&eacute;mien</i>, a gypsy;
also, a person of irregular habits.</p>

<p><blockquote>She was of a wild, roving nature, inherited from father and
mother, who were both <i>Bohemians</i> by taste and circumstances.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bo*he"mi*an*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
characteristic conduct or methods of a Bohemian.</def> [Modern]</p>

<p><hw>||Bo"hun u"pas</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Upas</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bo*iar"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Boyar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boil</hw> (boil), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Boiled</u> (boild); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Boiling</u>.] [OE. <i>boilen</i>, OF. <i>boilir</i>, <i>builir</i>, F.
<i>bouillir</i>, fr. L. <i>bullire</i> to be in a bubbling motion, from
<i>bulla</i> bubble; akin to Gr. <i>&?;</i>, Lith. <i>bumbuls</i>. Cf.
<u>Bull</u> an edict, <u>Budge</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and
<u>Ebullition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be agitated, or tumultuously
moved, as a liquid by the generation and rising of bubbles of steam (or
vapor), or of currents produced by heating it to the boiling point; to be
in a state of ebullition; as, the water <i>boils</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be agitated like boiling water, by any other
cause than heat; to bubble; to effervesce; as, the <i>boiling</i>
waves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He maketh the deep to <i>boil</i> like a pot.<BR>
<i>Job xii. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass from a liquid to an a&euml;riform state
or vapor when heated; as, the water <i>boils</i> away.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be moved or excited with passion; to be hot
or fervid; as, his blood <i>boils</i> with anger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>boiled</i> my breast with flame and burning
wrath.<BR>
<i>Surrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be in boiling water, as in cooking; as, the
potatoes are <i>boiling</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To boil away</b></col>, <cd>to vaporize; to evaporate or be
evaporated by the action of heat.</cd> -- <col><b>To boil over</b></col>,
<cd>to run over the top of a vessel, as liquid when thrown into violent
agitation by heat or other cause of effervescence; to be excited with ardor
or passion so as to lose self-control.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Boil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To heat
to the boiling point, or so as to cause ebullition; as, to <i>boil</i>
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form, or separate, by boiling or evaporation;
as, to <i>boil</i> sugar or salt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To subject to the action of heat in a boiling
liquid so as to produce some specific effect, as cooking, cleansing, etc.;
as, to <i>boil</i> meat; to <i>boil</i> clothes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stomach cook is for the hall,<BR>
And <i>boileth</i> meate for them all.<BR>
<i>Gower.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To steep or soak in warm water.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To try whether seeds be old or new, the sense can not
inform; but if you <i>boil</i> them in water, the new seeds will sprout
sooner.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To boil down</b></col>, <cd>to reduce in bulk by boiling; as, to
<i>boil down</i> sap or sirup.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Boil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act or state of boiling.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Boil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Influenced by <i>boil</i>, v. See
<u>Beal</u>, <u>Bile</u>.] <def>A hard, painful, inflamed tumor, which, on
suppuration, discharges pus, mixed with blood, and discloses a small
fibrous mass of dead tissue, called the <i>core</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A blind boil</b></col>, <cd>one that suppurates imperfectly, or
fails to come to a head.</cd> -- <col><b>Delhi boil</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a peculiar affection of the skin, probably parasitic in
origin, prevailing in India (as among the British troops) and especially at
Delhi.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Boil"a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Boilery</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boiled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dressed or cooked by
boiling; subjected to the action of a boiling liquid; as, <i>boiled</i>
meat; a <i>boiled</i> dinner; <i>boiled</i> clothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boil"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who boils.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel in which any thing is boiled.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>boiler</i> is a generic term covering a great variety
of kettles, saucepans, clothes boilers, evaporators, coppers, retorts,
etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A strong metallic vessel, usually
of wrought iron plates riveted together, or a composite structure variously
formed, in which steam is generated for driving engines, or for heating,
cooking, or other purposes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The earliest steam boilers were usually spheres or sections of
spheres, heated wholly from the outside. Watt used the <i>wagon boiler</i>
(shaped like the top of a covered wagon) which is still used with low
pressures. Most of the boilers in present use may be classified as plain
<i>cylinder boilers</i>, <i>flue boilers</i>, <i>sectional</i> and
<i>tubular boilers</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Barrel of a boiler</b></col>, <cd>the cylindrical part
containing the flues.</cd> -- <col><b>Boiler plate</b></col>,
<col><b>Boiler iron</b></col>, <cd>plate or rolled iron of about a quarter
to a half inch in thickness, used for making boilers and tanks, for
covering ships, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Cylinder boiler</b></col>, <cd>one
which consists of a single iron cylinder.</cd> -- <col><b>Flue
boilers</b></col> <cd>are usually single shells containing a small number
of large flues, through which the heat either passes from the fire or
returns to the chimney, and sometimes containing a fire box inclosed by
water.</cd> -- <col><b>Locomotive boiler</b></col>, <cd>a boiler which
contains an inclosed fire box and a large number of small flues leading to
the chimney.</cd> -- <col><b>Multiflue boiler</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<u>Tubular boiler</u>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Sectional boiler</b></col>,
<cd>a boiler composed of a number of sections, which are usually of small
capacity and similar to, and connected with, each other. By multiplication
of the sections a boiler of any desired capacity can be built up.</cd> --
<col><b>Tubular boiler</b></col>, <cd>a boiler containing tubes which form
flues, and are surrounded by the water contained in the boiler. See
<i>Illust.</i> <i>of Steam boiler</i>, under <u>Steam</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Tubulous boiler</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Tubulous</u>. See
<u>Tube</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6, and 1st <u>Flue</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 163 !></p>

<p><hw>Boil"er*y</hw> (boil"&etilde;r*&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>bouillerie</i>.] <def>A place and apparatus for boiling, as for
evaporating brine in salt making.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boil"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heated to the point of
bubbling; heaving with bubbles; in tumultuous agitation, as boiling liquid;
surging; seething; swelling with heat, ardor, or passion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Boiling point</b></col>, <cd>the temperature at which a fluid is
converted into vapor, with the phenomena of ebullition. This is different
for different liquids, and for the same liquid under different pressures.
For water, at the level of the sea, barometer 30 in., it is 212 &deg;
Fahrenheit; for alcohol, 172.96&deg;; for ether, 94.8&deg;; for mercury,
about 675&deg;. The boiling point of water is lowered one degree Fahrenheit
for about 550 feet of ascent above the level of the sea.</cd> --
<col><b>Boiling spring</b></col>, <cd>a spring which gives out very hot
water, or water and steam, often ejecting it with much force; a
geyser.</cd> -- <col><b>To be at the boiling point</b></col>, <cd>to be
very angry.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep the pot boiling</b></col>, <cd>to keep
going on actively, as in certain games.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Boil"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of ebullition or of tumultuous agitation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exposure to the action of a hot
liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boil"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With boiling or
ebullition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And lakes of bitumen rise <i>boiling</i> higher.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Bois" d'arc"</hw> (&?;). [F., bow wood. So called because used for
bows by the Western Indians.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The Osage orange
(<i>Maclura aurantiaca</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bois d'arc</i> seems to be the characteristic growth
of the black prairies.<BR>
<i>U. S. Census (1880).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Bois" dur`ci"</hw> (&?;). [F., hardened wood.] <def>A hard, highly
polishable composition, made of fine sawdust from hard wood (as rosewood)
mixed with blood, and pressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>boiste</i>, F.
<i>bo&icirc;te</i>, from the same root as E. <i>box</i>.] <def>A box.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bois"ter*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>boistous</i>;
of uncertain origin; cf. W. <i>bwyst</i> wild, savage, wildness, ferocity,
<i>bwystus</i> ferocious.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rough or rude;
unbending; unyielding; strong; powerful.</def> [Obs.]  "<i>Boisterous</i>
sword."  "<i>Boisterous</i> hand."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting tumultuous violence and fury; acting
with noisy turbulence; violent; rough; stormy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The waters swell before a <i>boisterous</i> storm.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The brute and <i>boisterous</i> force of violent men.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Noisy; rough; turbulent; as, <i>boisterous</i>
mirth; <i>boisterous</i> behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I like not that loud, <i>boisterous</i> man.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Vehement; excessive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The heat becomes too powerful and <i>boisterous</i> for
them.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Loud; roaring; violent; stormy; turbulent; furious;
tumultuous; noisy; impetuous; vehement.</p>

<p><hw>Bois"ter*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a boisterous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bois"ter*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being boisterous; turbulence; disorder;
tumultuousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bois"tous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rough or rude;
coarse; strong; violent; boisterous; noisy.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> --
<wf>Bois"tous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Bois"tous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bo*ja"nus or"gan</hw> (&?;). [From <i>Bojanus</i>, the discoverer.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A glandular organ of bivalve mollusca, serving in
part as a kidney.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"ka*dam`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cerberus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boke</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To poke; to
thrust.</def> [Obs. or Dial.]</p>

<p><hw>Bo"lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Bole</u> clay.]
<def>Of or pertaining to bole or clay; partaking of the nature and
qualities of bole; clayey.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bo"las</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A
kind of missile weapon consisting of one, two, or more balls of stone,
iron, or other material, attached to the ends of a leather cord; -- used by
the Gauchos of South America, and others, for hurling at and entangling an
animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bold</hw> (b&omacr;ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bald</i>,
<i>bold</i>, AS. <i>bald</i>, <i>beald</i>; akin to Icel. <i>ballr</i>,
OHG. <i>bald</i>, MHG. <i>balt</i>, D. boud, Goth. <i>bal&thorn;ei</i>
boldness, It. <i>baldo</i>. In Ger. there remains only <i>bald</i>, adv.
soon. Cf. <u>Bawd</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Forward to meet danger; venturesome; daring; not timorous or shrinking
from risk; brave; courageous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Throngs of knights and barons <i>bold</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting or requiring spirit and contempt of
danger; planned with courage; daring; vigorous.</def> "The <i>bold</i>
design leased highly."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a bad sense, too forward; taking undue
liberties; over assuming or confident; lacking proper modesty or restraint;
rude; impudent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art too wild, too rude and <i>bold</i> of voice.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Somewhat overstepping usual bounds, or
conventional rules, as in art, literature, etc.; taking liberties in
composition or expression; as, the figures of an author are
<i>bold</i>.</def> "<i>Bold</i> tales."  <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The cathedral church is a very <i>bold</i> work.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Standing prominently out to view; markedly
conspicuous; striking the eye; in high relief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shadows in painting . . . make the figure <i>bolder</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Steep; abrupt; prominent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the <i>bold</i> cape its warning forehead rears.<BR>
<i>Trumbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bold eagle</b></col>, <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>an Australian
eagle (<i>Aquila audax</i>), which destroys lambs and even the
kangaroo.</cd> -- <col><b>To make bold</b></col>, <cd>to take liberties or
the liberty; to venture.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Courageous; daring; brave; intrepid; fearless; dauntless;
valiant; manful; audacious; stouthearted; high-spirited; adventurous;
confident; strenuous; forward; impudent.</p>

<p><hw>Bold</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make bold or
daring.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bold</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be or become bold.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bold"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Boldened</u> (&?;). ] <def>To make bold; to encourage; to
embolden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ready speakers, being <i>boldened</i> with their present
abilities to say more, . . . use less help of diligence and study.<BR>
<i>Ascham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bold"-faced`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Somewhat impudent; lacking modesty; as, a <i>bold-faced</i>
woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have seen enough to confute all the <i>bold-faced</i>
atheists of this age.<BR>
<i>Bramhall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Having a conspicuous or heavy
face.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <b>This line is <i>bold-faced</i> nonpareil.</b></p>

<p><hw>Bold"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bealdl&imacr;ce</i>.]
<def>In a bold manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bold"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality of
being bold.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Courage; bravery; intrepidity; dauntlessness; hardihood;
assurance.</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Bol"do</hw> (&?;), <hw>||Bol"du</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fragrant evergreen shrub of Chili
(<i>Peumus Boldus</i>). The bark is used in tanning, the wood for making
charcoal, the leaves in medicine, and the drupes are eaten.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bole</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bole</i>, fr. Icel.
<i>bolr</i>; akin to Sw. <i>b&aring;l</i>, Dan. <i>bul</i>, trunk, stem of
a tree, G. <i>bohle</i> a thick plank or board; cf. LG. <i>boll</i> round.
Cf. <u>Bulge</u>.] <def>The trunk or stem of a tree, or that which is like
it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Enormous elm-tree <i>boles</i> did stoop and lean.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etym. doubtful.] <def>An aperture,
with a wooden shutter, in the wall of a house, for giving, occasionally,
air or light; also, a small closet.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Open the <i>bole</i> wi'speed, that I may see if this be the
right Lord Geraldin.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A measure. See <u>Boll</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> a clod or lump of
earth: cf. F. <i>bol</i>, and also L. <i>bolus</i> morsel. Cf.
<u>Bolus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any one of several varieties of
friable earthy clay, usually colored more or less strongly red by oxide of
iron, and used to color and adulterate various substances. It was formerly
used in medicine. It is composed essentially of hydrous silicates of
alumina, or more rarely of magnesia. See <u>Clay</u>, and <u>Terra
alba</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bolus; a dose.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Armenian bole</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Armenian</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bole Armoniac</b></col>, or <col><b>Armoniak</b></col>,
<cd>Armenian bole.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bo*lec"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
projecting molding round a panel. Same as <u>Bilection</u>.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bo*le"ro</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A Spanish dance, or the lively music which accompanies it.</def></p>

<p><hw>bolete</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>any fungus of the family
<i>Boletaceae</i>.</def><BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><hw>Bo*let"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, the <i>Boletus</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Boletic acid</b></col>, <cd>an acid obtained from the <i>Boletus
fomentarius</i>, variety <i>pseudo-igniarius</i>. Same as <i><u>Fumaric
acid</u></i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Bo*le"tus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>boletus</i>, Gr.
<i>&?;</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of fungi having the under side of
the pileus or cap composed of a multitude of fine separate tubes. A few are
edible, and others very poisonous.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bo"ley</hw>, <hw>Bo"lye</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Booly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"lide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  See <u>Bolis</u>.]
<def>A kind of bright meteor; a <i>bolis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bo"lis</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. <i>&?;</i> missile,
arrow, fr. <i>&?;</i> to throw.] <def>A meteor or brilliant shooting star,
followed by a train of light or sparks; esp. one which explodes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo*liv"i*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Bolivia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A native of
Bolivia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boll</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bolle</i> boll, bowl,
AS. <i>bolla</i>. See <u>Bowl</u> a vessel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
pod or capsule of a plant, as of flax or cotton; a pericarp of a globular
form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Scotch measure, formerly in use: for wheat and
beans it contained four Winchester bushels; for oats, barley, and potatoes,
six bushels. A boll of meal is 140 lbs. avoirdupois. Also, a measure for
salt of two bushels.</def> [Sometimes spelled <i>bole</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Boll</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bolled</u> (&?;).] <def>To form a boll or seed vessel; to go to
seed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The barley was in the ear, and the flax was
<i>bolled</i>.<BR>
<i>Ex. ix. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bol"land*ists</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The Jesuit
editors of the "Acta Sanctorum", or Lives of the Saints; -- named from John
Bolland, who began the work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bol"lard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Bole</u> the stem
of a tree, and <u>Pollard</u>.] <def>An upright wooden or iron post in a
boat or on a dock, used in veering or fastening ropes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bollard timber</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a timber, also
called a <i>knighthead</i>, rising just within the stem in a ship, on
either side of the bowsprit, to secure its end.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Boll"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Boln</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Boll"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Bole</u> stem of a
tree, and <u>Poll</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A tree from which the
branches have been cut; a pollard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boll"worm`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The larva of a moth (<i>Heliothis armigera</i>) which devours the
bolls or unripe pods of the cotton plant, often doing great damage to the
crops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boln</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bolnen</i>,
<i>bollen</i>; cf. Dan. <i>bulne</i>. Cf. <u>Bulge</u>.] <def>To swell; to
puff.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Boln</hw> (&?;), <hw>Boll"en</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Swollen; puffed out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thin, and <i>boln</i> out like a sail.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bo*lo"gna</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
city of Italy which has given its name to various objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Bologna sausage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bologna sausage</b></col> [It. salsiccia di <i>Bologna</i>],
<cd>a large sausage made of bacon or ham, veal, and pork, chopped fine and
inclosed in a skin.</cd> -- <col><b>Bologna stone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>radiated barite, or barium sulphate, found in roundish masses composed
of radiating fibers, first discovered near Bologna. It is phosphorescent
when calcined.</cd> -- <col><b>Bologna vial</b></col>, <cd>a vial of
unannealed glass which will fly into pieces when its surface is scratched
by a hard body, as by dropping into it a fragment of flint; whereas a
bullet may be dropped into it without injury.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bo*lo`gnese"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Bologna.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of
Bologna.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bolognese school</b></col> <i>(Paint.)</i>, <cd>a school of
painting founded by the Carracci, otherwise called the Lombard or Eclectic
school, the object of which was to unite the excellences of the preceding
schools.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bo*lo"gnian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Bolognese.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bolognian stone</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Bologna stone</i>, under
<u>Bologna</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bo*lom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> a
stroke, ray + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for
measuring minute quantities of radiant heat, especially in different parts
of the spectrum; -- called also <i>actinic balance</i>, <i>thermic
balance</i>.</def>  <i>S. P. Langley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bol"ster</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bolster</i>; akin
to Icel. <i>b&?;lstr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>bolster</i>, OHG. <i>bolstar</i>,
<i>polstar</i>, G. <i>polster</i>; from the same root as E. <i>bole</i>
stem, <i>bowl</i> hollow vessel. Cf. <u>Bulge</u>, <u>Poltroon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long pillow or cushion, used to support the head
of a person lying on a bed; -- generally laid under the pillows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And here I'll fling the pillow, there the
<i>bolster</i>,<BR>
This way the coverlet, another way the sheets.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pad, quilt, or anything used to hinder
pressure, support any part of the body, or make a bandage sit easy upon a
wounded part; a compress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This arm shall be a <i>bolster</i> for thy head.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything arranged to act as a support, as in
various forms of mechanism, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Saddlery)</i> <def>A cushioned or a piece part of
a saddle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cushioned
or a piece of soft wood covered with tarred canvas, placed on the
trestletrees and against the mast, for the collars of the shrouds to rest
on, to prevent chafing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Anything used to
prevent chafing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A plate of iron or a mass of wood under the end
of a bridge girder, to keep the girder from resting directly on the
abutment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A transverse bar above the axle of a wagon, on
which the bed or body rests.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The crossbeam forming the bearing piece of the
body of a railway car; the central and principal cross beam of a car
truck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>the perforated plate in a
punching machine on which anything rests when being punched.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Cutlery)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part
of a knife blade which abuts upon the end of the handle.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The metallic end of a pocketknife handle.</def>
<i>G. Francis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The rolls forming the ends or
sides of the Ionic capital.</def>  <i>G. Francis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A block of wood on the carriage
of a siege gun, upon which the breech of the gun rests when arranged for
transportation.</def>  [See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Gun carriage</u>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bolster work</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>members which are
bellied or curved outward like cushions, as in friezes of certain classical
styles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bol"ster</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bolstered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bolstering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To support with a bolster or
pillow.</def>  <i>S. Sharp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To support, hold up, or maintain with difficulty
or unusual effort; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>bolster</i> baseness.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Shoddy inventions designed to <i>bolster</i> up a factitious
pride.<BR>
<i>Compton Reade.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bol"stered</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Supported; upheld.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Swelled out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bol"ster*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
supporter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bolt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bolt</i>; akin to
Icel. <i>bolti</i>, Dan. <i>bolt</i>, D. <i>bout</i>, OHG. <i>bolz</i>, G.
<i>bolz</i>, <i>bolzen</i>; of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
shaft or missile intended to be shot from a crossbow or catapult, esp. a
short, stout, blunt-headed arrow; a quarrel; an arrow, or that which
resembles an arrow; a dart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look that the crossbowmen lack not <i>bolts</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A fool's <i>bolt</i> is soon shot.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lightning; a thunderbolt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A strong pin, of iron or other material, used to
fasten or hold something in place, often having a head at one end and screw
thread cut upon the other end.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sliding catch, or fastening, as for a door or
gate; the portion of a lock which is shot or withdrawn by the action of the
key.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An iron to fasten the legs of a prisoner; a
shackle; a fetter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Away with him to prison!<BR>
lay <i>bolts</i> enough upon him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A compact package or roll of cloth, as of canvas
or silk, often containing about forty yards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A bundle, as of oziers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bolt auger</b></col>, <cd>an auger of large size; an auger to
make holes for the bolts used by shipwrights.</cd> -- <col><b>Bolt and
nut</b></col>, <cd>a metallic pin with a head formed upon one end, and a
movable piece (the nut) screwed upon a thread cut upon the other end. See
B, C, and D, in <i>illust.</i> above.</cd></p>

<p>See <u>Tap bolt</u>, <u>Screw bolt</u>, and <u>Stud bolt</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bolt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bolted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bolting</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shoot; to discharge or drive forth.</def></p>

<p><! p. 164 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter precipitately; to blurt or throw
out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hate when Vice can <i>bolt</i> her arguments.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To swallow without chewing; as, to <i>bolt</i>
food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(U. S. Politics)</i> <def>To refuse to support, as
a nomination made by a party to which one has belonged or by a caucus in
which one has taken part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Sporting)</i> <def>To cause to start or spring
forth; to dislodge, as conies, rabbits, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To fasten or secure with, or as with, a bolt or
bolts, as a door, a timber, fetters; to shackle; to restrain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let tenfold iron <i>bolt</i> my door.<BR>
<i>Langhorn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Which shackles accidents and <i>bolts</i> up change.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bolt</hw> (b&omacr;lt; 110), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To start forth like a bolt or arrow; to spring
abruptly; to come or go suddenly; to dart; as, to <i>bolt</i> out of the
room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This Puck seems but a dreaming dolt, . . . <BR>
And oft out of a bush doth <i>bolt</i>.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike or fall suddenly like a
bolt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His cloudless thunder <i>bolted</i> on their heads.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spring suddenly aside, or out of the regular
path; as, the horse <i>bolted</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(U.S. Politics)</i> <def>To refuse to support a
nomination made by a party or a caucus with which one has been connected;
to break away from a party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bolt</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of a bolt;
suddenly; straight; unbendingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] came <i>bolt</i> up against the heavy dragoon.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bolt upright</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Perfectly
upright; perpendicular; straight up; unbendingly erect.</cd>
<i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>On the back at full length.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bolt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Bolt</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden spring or start; a sudden
spring aside; as, the horse made a <i>bolt</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden flight, as to escape
creditors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This gentleman was so hopelessly involved that he
contemplated a <i>bolt</i> to America -- or anywhere.<BR>
<i>Compton Reade.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(U. S. Politics)</i> <def>A refusal to support a
nomination made by the party with which one has been connected; a breaking
away from one's party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bolt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bolted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bolting</u>.] [OE.
<i>bolten</i>, <i>boulten</i>, OF. <i>buleter</i>, F. <i>bluter</i>, fr.
Ll. <i>buletare</i>, <i>buratare</i>, cf. F. <i>bure</i> coarse woolen
stuff; fr. L. <i>burrus</i> red. See <u>Borrel</u>, and cf.
<u>Bultel</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sift or separate the coarser from the finer
particles of, as bran from flour, by means of a bolter; to separate,
assort, refine, or purify by other means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He now had <i>bolted</i> all the flour.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Ill schooled in <i>bolted</i> language.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate, as if by sifting or bolting; --
with <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time and nature will <i>bolt</i> out the truth of
things.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To discuss or argue privately, and
for practice, as cases at law.</def>  <i>Jacob.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To bolt to the bran</b></col>, <cd>to examine thoroughly, so as
to separate or discover everything important.</cd>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>bolts</i> the matter fairly <i>to the bran</i>.<BR>
<i>Harte.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The report of the committee was examined and sifted and
<i>bolted to the bran</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bolt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sieve, esp. a long fine sieve
used in milling for bolting flour and meal; a bolter.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bol"tel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Boultel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bolt"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who bolts; esp.:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A horse which starts suddenly aside.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A man who breaks away from his party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bolt"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
sifts flour or meal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument or machine for separating bran
from flour, or the coarser part of meal from the finer; a sieve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bolt"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of fishing line. See
<u>Boulter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bolt"head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A long, straight-necked, glass vessel for chemical
distillations; -- called also a <i>matrass</i> or receiver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The head of a bolt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bolt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A darting away; a starting
off or aside.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bolt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sifting, as of flour or meal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A private arguing of cases for
practice by students, as in the Inns of Court.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bolting cloth</b></col>, <cd>wire, hair, silk, or other sieve
cloth of different degrees of fineness; -- used by millers for sifting
flour.</cd> <i>McElrath.</i> -- <col><b>Bolting hutch</b></col>, <cd>a bin
or tub for the bolted flour or meal</cd>; (fig.) <cd>a receptacle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bol"ton*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
granular mineral of a grayish or yellowish color, found in Bolton,
Massachusetts. It is a silicate of magnesium, belonging to the chrysolite
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bolt"rope`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
rope stitched to the edges of a sail to strengthen the sail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bolt"sprit`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>bowsprit</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <u>Bowsprit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bol"ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
edible fish of the Nile (genus <i>Chromis</i>).</def> [Written also
<i>bulti</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bo"lus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Boluses</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>bolus</i> bit, morsel; cf. G.
<i>&?;</i> lump of earth. See <u>Bole</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, clay.]
<def>A rounded mass of anything, esp. a large pill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bom</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large American serpent, so called from the sound it makes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bomb</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bombe</i> bombshell,
fr. L. <i>bombus</i> a humming or buzzing noise, Gr. <i>&?;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A great noise; a hollow sound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A pillar of iron . . . which if you had struck, would make .
. . a great <i>bomb</i> in the chamber beneath.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A shell; esp. a spherical shell,
like those fired from mortars. See <u>Shell</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bomb ketch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bomb chest</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a chest filled with
bombs, or only with gunpowder, placed under ground, to cause destruction by
its explosion.</cd> -- <col><b>Bomb ketch</b></col>, <col><b>Bomb
vessel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a small ketch or vessel, very strongly
built, on which mortars are mounted to be used in naval bombardments; --
called also <i>mortar vessel</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bomb lance</b></col>,
<cd>a lance or harpoon with an explosive head, used in whale fishing.</cd>
-- <col><b>Volcanic bomb</b></col>, <cd>a mass of lava of a spherical or
pear shape.</cd> "I noticed <i>volcanic bombs</i>."  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bomb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bombard.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bomb</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Boom</u>.] <def>To sound;
to boom; to make a humming or buzzing sound.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bom"bace</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.] <def>Cotton;
padding.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bom"bard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bombarde</i>, LL.
<i>bombarda</i>, fr. L. <i>bombus</i> + <i>-ard</i>. Cf. <u>Bumper</u>, and
see <u>Bomb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A piece of heavy
ordnance formerly used for throwing stones and other ponderous missiles. It
was the earliest kind of cannon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They planted in divers places twelve great <i>bombards</i>,
wherewith they threw huge stones into the air, which, falling down into the
city, might break down the houses.<BR>
<i>Knolles.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bombardment.</def> [Poetic &amp; R.]  <i>J.
Barlow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A large drinking vessel or can, or a leather
bottle, for carrying liquor or beer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yond same black cloud, yond huge one, looks like a foul
<i>bombard</i> that would shed his liquor.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Padded breeches.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bombard phrase</b></col>, <cd>inflated language; bombast.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bom"bard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bombarde</i>, fr.
F. <i>bombarde</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See <u>Bombardo</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bom*bard"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bombarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bombarding</u>.] <def>To attack with bombards or with artillery;
especially, to throw shells, hot shot, etc., at or into.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Next, she means to <i>bombard</i> Naples.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His fleet <i>bombarded</i> and burnt down Dieppe.<BR>
<i>Wood.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bom`bar*dier"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>bombardier</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who used or
managed a bombard; an artilleryman; a gunner.</def> [Archaic]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A noncommissioned officer in the British
artillery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bombardier beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a kind of
beetle (<i>Brachinus crepitans</i>), so called because, when disturbed, it
makes an explosive discharge of a pungent and acrid vapor from its anal
glands. The name is applied to other related species, as the <i>B.
displosor</i>, which can produce ten or twelve explosions successively. The
common American species is <i>B. fumans</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bom"bard*man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who carried
liquor or beer in a can or bombard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . made room for a <i>bombardman</i> that brought
bouge for a country lady.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bom*bard"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>bombardement</i>.] <def>An attack upon a fortress or fortified town,
with shells, hot shot, rockets, etc.; the act of throwing bombs and shot
into a town or fortified place.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Bom*bar"do</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bom*bar"don</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>bombardo</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Originally,
a deep-toned instrument of the oboe or bassoon family; thence, a bass reed
stop on the organ. The name <i>bombardon</i> is now given to a brass
instrument, the lowest of the saxhorns, in tone resembling the
ophicleide.</def>  <i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bom`ba*sine"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bombazine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bom"bast</hw> (b&obreve;m"b&adot;st <i>or</i> b&ubreve;m"b&adot;st;
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bombace</i> cotton, LL. <i>bombax</i>
cotton, <i>bombasium</i> a doublet of cotton; hence, padding, wadding,
fustian. See <u>Bombazine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, cotton,
or cotton wool.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A candle with a wick of <i>bombast</i>.<BR>
<i>Lupton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cotton, or any soft, fibrous material, used as
stuffing for garments; stuffing; padding.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How now, my sweet creature of <i>bombast</i>!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Doublets, stuffed with four, five, or six pounds of
<i>bombast</i> at least.<BR>
<i>Stubbes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: High-sounding words; an inflated style;
language above the dignity of the occasion; fustian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet noisy <i>bombast</i> carefully avoid.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bom"bast</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>High-sounding; inflated;
big without meaning; magniloquent; bombastic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] evades them with a <i>bombast</i> circumstance,<BR>
Horribly stuffed with epithets of war.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor a tall metaphor in <i>bombast</i> way.<BR>
<i>Cowley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bom*bast"</hw> (b&obreve;m*b&adot;st" <i>or</i>
b&ubreve;m*b&adot;st"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To swell or fill out;
to pad; to inflate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>bombasted</i> with words vain ticklish ears to
feed.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bom*bas"tic</hw> (b&obreve;m*b&adot;s"t&ibreve;k <i>or</i>
b&ubreve;m*b&adot;s"t&ibreve;k), <hw>Bom*bas"tic*al</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by bombast; high-sounding;
inflated.</def> -- <wf>Bom*bas"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>A theatrical, <i>bombastic</i>, windy phraseology.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Turgid; tumid; pompous; grandiloquent.</p>

<p><hw>Bom"bast*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Swelling words
without much meaning; bombastic language; fustian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bombastry</i> and buffoonery, by nature lofty and light,
soar highest of all.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Bom"bax</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., cotton. See
<u>Bombast</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees,
called also the <i>silkcotton tree</i>; also, a tree of the genus
Bombax.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bom`ba*zet" Bom`ba*zette"</hw> } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Bombazine</u>.] <def>A sort of thin woolen cloth. It is of various
colors, and may be plain or twilled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bom`ba*zine"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bombasin</i>,
LL. <i>bombacinium</i>, <i>bambacinium</i>, L. <i>bombycinus</i> silken,
<i>bombycinum</i> a silk or cotton texture, fr. <i>bombyx</i> silk,
silkworm, Gr. <i>&?;</i>. Cf. <u>Bombast</u>, <u>Bombycinous</u>.] <def>A
twilled fabric for dresses, of which the warp is silk, and the weft
worsted. Black bombazine has been much used for mourning garments.</def>
[Sometimes spelt <i>bombasin</i>, and <i>bombasine</i>.]
<i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bom"bic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bombyx</i> silk,
silkworm: cf. F. <i>bombique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or obtained from,
the silkworm; as, <i>bombic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bom"bi*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>bombilare</i>, for L. <i>bombitare</i>. See <u>Bomb</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To hum; to buzz.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bom`bi*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A humming
sound; a booming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To . . . silence the <i>bombilation</i> of guns.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bom"bi*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hum; to
boom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bom`bi*na"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A humming or
buzzing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bom"bo*lo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bomboloes</b></plw> (&?;). [Cf. It <i>bombola</i> a pitcher.]
<def>A thin spheroidal glass retort or flask, used in the sublimation of
camphor.</def> [Written also <i>bumbelo</i>, and <i>bumbolo</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bomb"proof`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Secure against the
explosive force of bombs.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A structure
which heavy shot and shell will not penetrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bomb"shell`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bomb. See
<u>Bomb</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bom*by"cid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or pertaining to the genus Bombyx, or the family
<i>Bombycid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bom*byc"i*nous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>bombycinus</i>. See <u>Bombazine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Silken;
made of silk.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Coles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being of the color of the silkworm; transparent
with a yellow tint.</def>  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bom*byl"i*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bombylius</i>
a bumblebee, Gr. <i>&?;</i>.] <def>Buzzing, like a bumblebee; as, the
<i>bombylious</i> noise of the horse fly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bom"byx</hw> (b&obreve;m"b&ibreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
silkworm. See <u>Bombazine</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of moths,
which includes the silkworm moth. See <u>Silkworm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>bonus</i>.]
<def>Good; valid as security for something.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon-ac*cord"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Good will; good
fellowship; agreement.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bo"na fi"de</hw> (&?;). [L.] <def>In or with good faith; without
fraud or deceit; real or really; actual or actually; genuine or genuinely;
as, you must proceed <i>bona fide</i>; a <i>bona fide</i> purchaser or
transaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo*nair"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE., also <i>bonere</i>,
OF. <i>bonnaire</i>, Cotgr., abbrev. of <i>debonnaire</i>. See
<u>Debonair</u>.] <def>Gentle; courteous; complaisant; yielding.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bo*nan"za</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., prop. calm., fair
weather, prosperity, fr. L. <i>bonus</i> good.] <def>In mining, a rich mine
or vein of silver or gold; hence, anything which is a mine of wealth or
yields a large income.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bo`na*part"e*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Napoleon Bonaparte or his family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"na*part`ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The policy of
Bonaparte or of the Bonapartes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"na*part`ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One attached to the
policy or family of Bonaparte, or of the Bonapartes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bo"na per`i*tu"ra</hw> (&?;). [L.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Perishable
goods.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bo"na ro"ba</hw> (&?;). [It., prop. "good stuff."] <def>A showy
wanton; a courtesan.</def>  <i>Shak</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bo*na"sus</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bo*nas"sus</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bonasus</i>, Gr. <i>&?;</i>, <i>&?;</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The aurochs or European bison. See
<u>Aurochs</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bon"bon`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bonbon</i>, fr.
<i>bon bon</i> very good, a superlative by reduplication, fr. <i>bon</i>
good.] <def>Sugar confectionery; a sugarplum; hence, any dainty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bonce</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. unknown.] <def>A
boy's game played with large marbles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bon`chr&eacute;`tien"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., good
Christian.] <def>A name given to several kinds of pears. See
<u>Bartlett</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"ci*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Empirical trade name.]
<def>A substance composed of ground bone, mineral matters, etc., hardened
by pressure, and used for making billiard balls, boxes, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bond</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same word as band. Cf.
<u>Band</u>, <u>Bend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which binds, ties,
fastens, or confines, or by which anything is fastened or bound, as a cord,
chain, etc.; a band; a ligament; a shackle or a manacle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gnawing with my teeth my <i>bonds</i> in sunder,<BR>
I gained my freedom.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The state of being bound;
imprisonment; captivity, restraint.</def> "This man doeth nothing worthy of
death or of <i>bonds</i>."  <i>Acts xxvi.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A binding force or influence; a cause of union;
a uniting tie; as, the <i>bonds</i> of fellowship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A people with whom I have no tie but the common <i>bond</i>
of mankind.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Moral or political duty or obligation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I love your majesty<BR>
According to my <i>bond</i>, nor more nor less.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writing under seal, by which a
person binds himself, his heirs, executors, and administrators, to pay a
certain sum on or before a future day appointed. This is a <i>single
bond</i>. But usually a condition is added, that, if the obligor shall do a
certain act, appear at a certain place, conform to certain rules,
faithfully perform certain duties, or pay a certain sum of money, on or
before a time specified, the obligation shall be void; otherwise it shall
remain in full force. If the condition is not performed, the bond becomes
forfeited, and the obligor and his heirs are liable to the payment of the
whole sum.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An instrument (of the nature of the ordinary
legal bond) made by a government or a corporation for purpose of borrowing
money; as, a government, city, or railway <i>bond</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The state of goods placed in a bonded warehouse
till the duties are paid; as, merchandise in <i>bond</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The union or tie of the several
stones or bricks forming a wall. The bricks may be arranged for this
purpose in several different ways, as in <i>English</i> or <i>block
bond</i> (Fig. 1), where one course consists of bricks with their ends
toward the face of the wall, called <i>headers</i>, and the next course of
bricks with their lengths parallel to the face of the wall, called
<i>stretchers</i>; <i>Flemish bond</i> (Fig.2), where each course consists
of headers and stretchers alternately, so laid as always to break joints;
<i>Cross bond</i>, which differs from the English by the change of the
second stretcher line so that its joints come in the middle of the first,
and the same position of stretchers comes back every fifth line;
<i>Combined cross and English bond</i>, where the inner part of the wall is
laid in the one method, the outer in the other.</def></p>

<p><! p. 165 !></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A unit of chemical attraction;
as, oxygen has two <i>bonds</i> of affinity. It is often represented in
graphic formul&aelig; by a short line or dash. See <i>Diagram</i> of
<u>Benzene nucleus</u>, and <u>Valence</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arbitration bond</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Arbitration</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bond crediter</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>a creditor whose debt is secured by a bond.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> --
<col><b>Bond debt</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a debt contracted under the
obligation of a bond.</cd> <i>Burrows.</i> -- <col><b>Bond</b></col> (or
<col><b>lap</b></col>) <col><b>of a slate</b></col>, <cd>the distance
between the top of one slate and the bottom or drip of the second slate
above, i. e., the space which is covered with three thicknesses; also, the
distance between the nail of the under slate and the lower edge of the
upper slate.</cd> -- <col><b>Bond timber</b></col>, <cd>timber worked into
a wall to tie or strengthen it longitudinally.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Chains; fetters; captivity; imprisonment.</p>

<p><hw>Bond</hw> (b&obreve;nd), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bonded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bonding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place under the conditions of a
bond; to mortgage; to secure the payment of the duties on (goods or
merchandise) by giving a bond.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>To dispose in building, as the
materials of a wall, so as to secure solidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bond</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bond</i>, <i>bonde</i>,
peasant, serf, AS. <i>bonda</i>, <i>bunda</i>, husband, bouseholder, from
Icel. <i>b&omacr;ndi</i> husbandman, for <i>b&umacr;andi</i>, fr.
<i>b&umacr;a</i> to dwell. See <u>Boor</u>, <u>Husband</u>.] <def>A vassal
or serf; a slave.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Bond</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In a state of servitude or
slavery; captive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By one Spirit are we all baptized .. whether we be Jews or
Bentiles, whether we be <i>bond</i> or free.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. xii. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bond"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>bondagium</i>. See
<u>Bond</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being bound; condition of being
under restraint; restraint of personal liberty by compulsion; involuntary
servitude; slavery; captivity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The King, when he designed you for my guard,<BR>
Resolved he would not make my <i>bondage</i> hard.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obligation; tie of duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He must resolve by no means to be . . . brought under the
<i>bondage</i> of onserving oaths.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>Villenage; tenure of land
on condition of doing the meanest services for the owner.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Thralldom; bond service; imprisonment.</p>

<p><hw>Bond"a*ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A field worker,
esp. a woman who works in the field.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bon"dar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small quadruped of Bengal (<i>Paradoxurus
bondar</i>), allied to the genet; -- called also <i>musk cat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bond"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Placed under, or
covered by, a bond, as for the payment of duties, or for conformity to
certain regulations.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bonded goods</b></col>, <cd>goods placed in a bonded warehouse;
goods, for the duties on which bonds are given at the customhouse.</cd> --
<col><b>Bonded warehouse</b></col>, <cd>a warehouse in which goods on which
the duties are unpaid are stored under bond and in the joint custody of the
importer, or his agent, and the customs officers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bond"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who places goods under bond or in a bonded warehouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>A bonding stone or brick; a
bondstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bond"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Norwegian <i>bonde</i>.] <def>A
freeholder on a small scale.</def> [Norway]  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bond"hold`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
holds the bonds of a public or private corporation for the payment of money
at a certain time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bond"maid`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bond</i>, a.
<i>or</i> n. + <i>maid</i>.] <def>A female slave, or one bound to service
without wages, as distinguished from a hired servant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bond"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bondmen</b></plw> (&?;). [<i>Bond</i>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> or
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> + <i>man</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man slave, or
one bound to service without wages.</def> "To enfranchise <i>bondmen</i>."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>A villain, or tenant in
villenage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bond" serv`ant</hw> (&?;). <def>A slave; one who is bound to service
without wages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thy brother . . . be waxen poor, and be sold unto thee;
thou shalt not compel him to serve as a <i>bond servant</i>: but as an
hired servant.<BR>
<i>Lev. xxv. 39, 40.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bond" serv`ice</hw> (&?;). <def>The condition of a bond servant;
service without wages; slavery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their children . . . upon those did Solomon levy a tribute
of <i>bond service</i>.<BR>
<i>1 Kings ix. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bond"slave`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person in a
state of slavery; one whose person and liberty are subjected to the
authority of a master.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bonds"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bondsmen</b></plw>. [<i>Bond</i>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> or
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> + <i>man</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slave; a
villain; a serf; a bondman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Carnal, greedy people, without such a precept, would have no
mercy upon their poor <i>bondsmen</i>.<BR>
<i>Derham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A surety; one who is bound, or who
gives security, for another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bond"stone`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bond</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> + <i>stone</i>.] <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>A stone running
through a wall from one face to another, to bind it together; a binding
stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bonds"wom`an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bondwoman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bon"duc</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bonduc</i>, fr.
Ar. <i>bunduq</i> hazel nut, filbert nut.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Nicker
tree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bond"wom`an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bondwomen</b></plw> (&?;). [<i>Bond</i>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> or
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> + <i>woman</i>.] <def>A woman who is a slave, or in
bondage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He who was of the <i>bondwoman</i>.<BR>
<i>Gal. iv. 23.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bon</i>, <i>ban</i>,
AS. <i>b&amacr;n</i>; akin to Icel. <i>bein</i>, Sw. <i>ben</i>, Dan. &amp; D.
<i>been</i>, G. <i>bein</i> bone, leg; cf. Icel. <i>beinn</i> straight.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The hard, calcified tissue of the
skeleton of vertebrate animals, consisting very largely of calcic
carbonate, calcic phosphate, and gelatine; as, blood and
<i>bone</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Even in the hardest parts of bone there are many minute cavities
containing living matter and connected by minute canals, some of which
connect with larger canals through which blood vessels ramify.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the pieces or parts of an animal
skeleton; as, a rib or a thigh <i>bone</i>; a <i>bone</i> of the arm or
leg; also, any fragment of bony substance. (<i>pl.</i>) The frame or
skeleton of the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything made of bone, as a bobbin for weaving
bone lace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Two or four pieces of bone held
between the fingers and struck together to make a kind of music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Dice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Whalebone; hence, a piece of whalebone or of
steel for a corset.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The framework of anything.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A bone of contention</b></col>, <cd>a subject of contention or
dispute.</cd> -- <col><b>A bone to pick</b></col>, <cd>something to
investigate, or to busy one's self about; a dispute to be settled (with
some one).</cd> -- <col><b>Bone ash</b></col>, <cd>the residue from
calcined bones; -- used for making cupels, and for cleaning jewelry.</cd> -
- <col><b>Bone black</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the black, carbonaceous
substance into which bones are converted by calcination in close vessels; -
- called also <i>animal charcoal</i>. It is used as a decolorizing material
in filtering sirups, extracts, etc., and as a black pigment. See <i>Ivory
black</i>, under <u>Black</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bone cave</b></col>, <cd>a
cave in which are found bones of extinct or recent animals, mingled
sometimes with the works and bones of man.</cd> <i>Am. Cyc.</i> --
<col><b>Bone dust</b></col>, <cd>ground or pulverized bones, used as a
fertilizer.</cd> -- <col><b>Bone earth</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
earthy residuum after the calcination of bone, consisting chiefly of
phosphate of calcium.</cd> -- <col><b>Bone lace</b></col>, <cd>a lace made
of linen thread, so called because woven with bobbins of bone.</cd> --
<col><b>Bone oil</b></col>, <cd>an oil obtained by, heating bones (as in
the manufacture of bone black), and remarkable for containing the
nitrogenous bases, pyridine and quinoline, and their derivatives; -- also
called <i>Dippel's oil</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bone setter</b></col>. <cd>Same
as <u>Bonesetter</u>. See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Bone
shark</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the basking shark.</cd> --
<col><b>Bone spavin</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Spavin</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bone turquoise</b></col>, <cd>fossil bone or tooth of a delicate
blue color, sometimes used as an imitation of true turquoise.</cd> --
<col><b>Bone whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a right whale.</cd> -
- <col><b>To be upon the bones of</b></col>, <cd>to attack.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>To make no bones</b></col>, <cd>to make no scruple; not to
hesitate.</cd> [Low] -- <col><b>To pick a bone with</b></col>, <cd>to
quarrel with, as dogs quarrel over a bone; to settle a disagreement.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Bone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Boned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Boning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw bones from the flesh
of, as in cookery.</def> "To <i>bone</i> a turkey."  <i>Soyer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put whalebone into; as, to <i>bone</i>
stays.</def>  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fertilize with bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To steal; to take possession of.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Bone</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>bornoyer</i> to look at
with one eye, to sight, fr. <i>borgne</i> one-eyed.] <def>To sight along an
object or set of objects, to see if it or they be level or in line, as in
carpentry, masonry, and surveying.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Joiners, etc., <i>bone</i> their work with two straight
edges. W.<BR>
<i>M. Buchanan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bone"ache`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pain in the
bones.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bone"black`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Bone
black</i>, under <u>Bone</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Boned</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having (such) bones; -- used in composition; as, big-<i>boned</i>;
strong-<i>boned</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No big-<i>boned</i> men framed of the Cyclops' size.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deprived of bones; as, <i>boned</i> turkey or
codfish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Manured with bone; as, <i>boned</i>
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bone"dog`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The spiny dogfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bone"fish`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Ladyfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bone"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without bones.</def>
"<i>Boneless</i> gums."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bone"set`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
medicinal plant, the thoroughwort (<i>Eupatorium perfoliatum</i>). Its
properties are diaphoretic and tonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bone"set*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sets
broken or dislocated bones; -- commonly applied to one, not a regular
surgeon, who makes an occupation of setting bones.</def> --
<wf>Bone"set*ting</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bone"shaw</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Sciatica.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bo*net"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bonito</u>.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bon"fire`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bonefire</i>,
<i>banefire</i>, orig. a fire of bones; <i>bone</i> + <i>fire</i>; but cf.
also Prov. E. <i>bun</i> a dry stalk.] <def>A large fire built in the open
air, as an expression of public joy and exultation, or for
amusement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full soon by <i>bonfire</i> and by bell,<BR>
We learnt our liege was passing well.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bon"grace`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bon</i> good +
<i>gr&acirc;ce</i> grace, charm.] <def>A projecting bonnet or shade to
protect the complexion; also, a wide-brimmed hat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bon`ho*mie"</hw>, <hw>||Bon`hom*mie"</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>good nature; pleasant and easy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"i*bell</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bonnibel</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bon"i*face</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the sleek, jolly
landlord in Farquhar's comedy of "The Beaux' Stratagem."] <def>An
innkeeper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"i*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bonus</i> good +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Sensitive or responsive to moral excellence.</def>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bon"i*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>bonus</i> good +
<i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>bonifier</i>.] <def>To convert into, or make,
good.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>bonify</i> evils, or tincture them with good.<BR>
<i>Cudworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bon"i*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition or
quality of being bony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Senses 1 and 2 fr. 1st
<u>Bone</u>, sense 3 fr. 3d <u>Bone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
clearing of bones from fish or meat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The manuring of land with bones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A method of leveling a line or surface by
sighting along the tops of two or more straight edges, or a range of
properly spaced poles. See 3d <u>Bone</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"i*ta*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beneficial, as
opposed to statutory or civil; as, <i>bonitary</i> dominion of
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo*ni"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bonitoes</b></plw> (&?;). [Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>bonito</i>, fr. Ar.
<i>bain&imacr;t</i> and <i>bain&imacr;th</i>.] [Often incorrectly written
<i>bonita</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large
tropical fish (<i>Orcynus pelamys</i>) allied to the tunny.  It is about
three feet long, blue above, with four brown stripes on the sides. It is
sometimes found on the American coast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The skipjack (<i>Sarda Mediterranea</i>) of the
Atlantic, an important and abundant food fish on the coast of the United
States, and (<i>S. Chilensis</i>) of the Pacific, and other related
species. They are large and active fishes, of a blue color with black
oblique stripes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The medregal (<i>Seriola fasciata</i>), an
edible fish of the southern of the United States and the West
Indies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The cobia or crab eater (<i>Elacate canada</i>),
an edible fish of the Middle and Southern United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bon"mot`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bonsmots</b></plw> (&?;). [ F. <i>bon</i> good + <i>mot</i> word.]
<def>A witty repartee; a jest.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bonne</hw> (b&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> (F., prop. good
woman.) <def>A female servant charged with the care of a young
child.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bonne" bouche"</hw> (&?;); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Bonnes
bouches</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>bon</i>, fem. <i>bonne</i>, good +
<i>bouche</i> mouth.] <def>A delicious morsel or mouthful; a
tidbit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"net</hw> (b&obreve;n"n&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>bonet</i>, OF. <i>bonet</i>, <i>bonete</i>. F. <i>bonnet</i> fr. LL.
<i>bonneta</i>, <i>bonetum</i>; orig. the name of a stuff, and of unknown
origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A headdress for men and boys; a cap.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A soft, elastic, very durable cap, made of
thick, seamless woolen stuff, and worn by men in Scotland.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And p&?;i&?;s and <i>bonnets</i> waving high.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A covering for the head, worn by women, usually
protecting more or less the back and sides of the head, but no part of the
forehead. The shape of the bonnet varies greatly at different times;
formerly the front part projected, and spread outward, like the mouth of a
funnel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a bonnet in shape or
use</def>; as, <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A small defense work
at a salient angle; or a part of a parapet elevated to screen the other
part from enfilade fire.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A metallic canopy,
or projection, over an opening, as a fireplace, or a cowl or hood to
increase the draught of a chimney, etc.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
frame of wire netting over a locomotive chimney, to prevent escape of
sparks.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A roofing over the cage of a mine,
to protect its occupants from objects falling down the shaft.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>In pumps, a metal covering for the openings in the
valve chambers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An additional piece of canvas
laced to the foot of a jib or foresail in moderate winds.</def>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The second stomach of a ruminating
animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An accomplice of a gambler, auctioneer, etc.,
who entices others to bet or to bid; a decoy.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><col><b>Bonnet head</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a shark
(<i>Sphyrna tiburio</i>) of the southern United States and West
Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Bonnet limpet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
name given, from their shape, to various species of shells (family
<i>Calyptr&aelig;id&aelig;</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Bonnet monkey</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an East Indian monkey (<i>Macacus sinicus</i>),
with a tuft of hair on its head; the munga.</cd> -- <col><b>Bonnet
piece</b></col>, <cd>a gold coin of the time of James V. of Scotland, the
king's head on which wears a bonnet.</cd> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> --
<col><b>To have a bee in the bonnet</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bee</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black bonnet</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Black</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue bonnet</b></col>. <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bon"net</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take off the bonnet or
cap as a mark of respect; to uncover.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bon"net*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearing a bonnet.</def> "<i>Bonneted</i> and shawled."
<i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>Protected by a bonnet. See
<u>Bonnet</u>, 4 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"net*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
bonnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"ni*bel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bonne et
belle</i>, good and beautiful. Cf. <u>Bellibone</u>.] <def>A handsome
girl.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bon"nie</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Scot</i>.] <def>See
<u>Bonny</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"ni*lass`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bonny</i> +
<i>lass</i>.] <def>A "bonny lass"; a beautiful girl.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bon"ni*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Gayly;
handsomely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"ni*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
bonny; gayety; handsomeness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bon"ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Spelled <i>bonnie</i> by
the Scotch.] [OE. <i>boni</i>, prob. fr. F. <i>bon</i>, fem. <i>bonne</i>,
good, fr. L. <i>bonus</i> good. See <u>Bounty</u>, and cf. <u>Bonus</u>,
<u>Boon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Handsome; beautiful; pretty;
attractively lively and graceful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till <i>bonny</i> Susan sped across the plain.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Far from the <i>bonnie</i> banks of Ayr.<BR>
<i>Burns.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gay; merry; frolicsome; cheerful;
blithe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be you blithe and <i>bonny</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Report speaks you a <i>bonny</i> monk, that would hear the
mati&?;chime ere he quitted his bowl.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bon"ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A round and
compact bed of ore, or a distinct bed, not communicating with a
vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"ny*clab`ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>bainne</i>,
<i>baine</i>, milk + <i>clabar</i> mud, mire.] <def>Coagulated sour milk;
loppered milk; curdled milk; -- sometimes called simply
<i>clabber</i>.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bon" Si`l&egrave;ne"</hw> (&?;). [F.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A very
fragrant tea rose with petals of various shades of pink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"spiel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.; of uncertain
origin.] <def>A cur&?;ing match between clubs.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bon"te*bok</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>bont</i> a sort
of skin or fur, prop. variegated + <i>bok</i> buck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pied antelope of South Africa (<i>Alcelaphus pygarga</i>). Its
face and rump are white. Called also <i>nunni</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bon" ton"</hw> (&?;). [F., good tone, manner.] <def>The height of
the fashion; fashionable society.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"nus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bonuses</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>bonus</i> good. Cf. <u>Bonny</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A premium given for a loan, or for a
charter or other privilege granted to a company; as the bank paid a
<i>bonus</i> for its charter.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An extra dividend to the shareholders of a joint
stock company, out of accumulated profits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Money paid in addition to a stated
compensation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bon" vi`vant"</hw> (&?;); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Bons
vivants</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>bon</i> good + <i>vivant</i>, <pos><i>p.
pr.</i></pos> of <i>vivre</i> to live.] <def>A good fellow; a jovial
companion; a free liver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of bone, or of bones; full of bones; pertaining to
bones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having large or prominent bones.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bony fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the menhaden.</cd>
-- <col><b>Bony pike</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the gar pike
(<i>Lepidosteus</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bon"ze</hw> (b&obreve;n"z&esl;; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.
<i>bonzo</i>, fr. Japan. <i>b&omacr;zu</i> a Buddhist priest: cf. F.
<i>bonze</i>.] <def>A Buddhist or Fohist priest, monk, or nun.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name was given by the Portuguese to the priests of Japan, and
has since been applied to the priests of China, Cochin China, and the
neighboring countries.</p>

<p><hw>Boo"by</hw> (b&oomac;"b&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Boobies</b></plw> (-b&ibreve;z). [Sp. <i>bobo</i> dunce, idiot; cf.
L. <i>balbus</i> stammering, E. <i>barbarous</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dunce; a stupid fellow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
swimming bird (<i>Sula fiber</i> or <i>S. sula</i>) related to the common
gannet, and found in the West Indies, nesting on the bare rocks. It is so
called on account of its apparent stupidity. The name is also sometimes
applied to other species of gannets; as, <i>S. piscator</i>, the red-footed
booby.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A species of penguin of the antarctic
seas.</def></p>

<p><! p. 166 !></p>

<p><col><b>Booby hatch</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a kind of wooden hood
over a hatch, readily removable.</cd> -- <col><b>Booby hut</b></col>, <cd>a
carriage body put upon sleigh runners.</cd> [Local, U. S.] <i>Bartlett.</i>
-- <col><b>Booby hutch</b></col>, <cd>a clumsy covered carriage or seat,
used in the eastern part of England.</cd> <i>Forby.</i> -- <col><b>Booby
trap</b></col>, <cd>a schoolboy's practical joke, as a shower bath when a
door is opened.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Boo"by</hw> (b&oomac;"b&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the characteristics of a booby; stupid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boo"by*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stupid; dull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boodh</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Buddha</u>.</def>  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boodh"ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Buddhism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boodh"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Buddhist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boo"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Origin uncertain.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The whole collection or lot; caboodle.</def> [Low,
U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Money given in payment for votes or political
influence; bribe money; swag.</def> [Polit. slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Boo`hoe"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Boohooed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Boohooing</u>.] [An imitative word.] <def>To bawl; to cry loudly.</def>
[Low]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boo"hoo`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The sailfish; -- called also <i>woohoo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book</hw> (b&oocr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>book</i>,
<i>bok</i>, AS. <i>b&omacr;c</i>; akin to Goth. <i>b&omacr;ka</i> a letter,
in pl. book, writing, Icel. <i>b&omacr;k</i>, Sw. <i>bok</i>, Dan.
<i>bog</i>, OS. <i>b&omacr;k</i>, D. <i>boek</i>, OHG. <i>puoh</i>, G.
<i>buch</i>; and fr. AS. <i>b&omacr;c</i>, <i>b&emacr;ce</i>, beech;
because the ancient Saxons and Germans in general wrote runes on pieces of
beechen board. Cf. <u>Beech</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A collection of
sheets of paper, or similar material, blank, written, or printed, bound
together; commonly, many folded and bound sheets containing continuous
printing or writing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When blank, it is called a <i>blank book</i>. When printed, the
term often distinguishes a bound volume, or a volume of some size, from a
pamphlet.</p>

<p>&fist; It has been held that, under the copyright law, a <i>book</i> is
not necessarily a volume made of many sheets bound together; it may be
printed on a single sheet, as music or a diagram of patterns.
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A composition, written or printed; a
treatise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A good <i>book</i> is the precious life blood of a master
spirit, embalmed and treasured up on purpose to a life beyond life.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A part or subdivision of a treatise or literary
work; as, the tenth <i>book</i> of "Paradise Lost."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A volume or collection of sheets in which
accounts are kept; a register of debts and credits, receipts and
expenditures, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Six tricks taken by one side, in the game of
whist; in certain other games, two or more corresponding cards, forming a
set.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Book</i> is used adjectively or as a part of many compounds;
as, <i>book</i> buyer, <i>book</i>rack, <i>book</i> club, <i>book</i> lore,
<i>book</i> sale, <i>book</i> trade, memorandum <i>book</i>,
cash<i>book</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Book account</b></col>, <cd>an account or register of debt or
credit in a book.</cd> -- <col><b>Book debt</b></col>, <cd>a debt for items
charged to the debtor by the creditor in his book of accounts.</cd> --
<col><b>Book learning</b></col>, <cd>learning acquired from books, as
distinguished from practical knowledge.</cd> "Neither does it so much
require <i>book learning</i> and scholarship, as good natural sense, to
distinguish true and false." <i>Burnet.</i> -- <col><b>Book louse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several species of minute, wingless insects
injurious to books and papers. They belong to the
<i>Pseudoneuroptera</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Book moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the name of several species of moths, the
larv&aelig; of which eat books.</cd> -- <col><b>Book oath</b></col>, <cd>an
oath made on <u>The Book</u>, or Bible.</cd> -- <col><b>The Book of
Books</b></col>, <cd>the Bible.</cd> -- <col><b>Book post</b></col>, <cd>a
system under which books, bulky manuscripts, etc., may be transmitted by
mail.</cd> -- <col><b>Book scorpion</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one
of the false scorpions (<i>Chelifer cancroides</i>) found among books and
papers. It can run sidewise and backward, and feeds on small insects.</cd>
-- <col><b>Book stall</b></col>, <cd>a stand or stall, often in the open
air, for retailing books.</cd> -- <col><b>Canonical books</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Canonical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>In one's books</b></col>, <cd>in
one's favor.</cd>  "I was so much <i>in his books</i>, that at his decease
he left me his lamp." <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To bring to
book</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To compel to give an account.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To compare with an admitted authority.</cd> "<i>To
bring</i> it manifestly <i>to book</i> is impossible." <i>M. Arnold.</i> --
<col><b>To curse by bell, book, and candle</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bell</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To make a book</b></col> <i>(Horse
Racing)</i>, <cd>to lay bets (recorded in a pocket book) against the
success of every horse, so that the bookmaker wins on all the unsuccessful
horses and loses only on the winning horse or horses.</cd> -- <col><b>To
speak by the book</b></col>, <cd>to speak with minute exactness.</cd> --
<col><b>Without book</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>By memory.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Without authority.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Book</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Booked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Booking</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To enter, write, or register in a book or
list.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let it be <i>booked</i> with the rest of this day's
deeds.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter the name of (any one) in a book for the
purpose of securing a passage, conveyance, or seat; as, to be <i>booked</i>
for Southampton; to <i>book</i> a seat in a theater.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mark out for; to destine or assign for; as,
he is <i>booked</i> for the valedictory.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here I am <i>booked</i> for three days more in Paris.<BR>
<i>Charles Reade.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Book"bind`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to bind books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"bind`er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bookbinder's
shop; a place or establishment for binding books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"bind`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art, process, or
business of binding books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"case`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A case with shelves
for holding books, esp. one with glazed doors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"craft`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Authorship;
literary skill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Booked</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Registered.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>On the way; destined.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Book"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who enters
accounts or names, etc., in a book; a bookkeeper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>As much as will fill
a book; a book full.</def> <i>Shak.</i> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Filled
with book learning.</def> [R.] "The <i>bookful</i> blockhead."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Book"hold`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A prompter at a theater.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A support for a book, holding it open, while one
reads or copies from it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"ing clerk`</hw> (&?;). <def>A clerk who registers passengers,
baggage, etc., for conveyance, as by railway or steamship, or who sells
passage tickets at a booking office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"ing of`fice</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An office where
passengers, baggage, etc., are registered for conveyance, as by railway or
steamship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An office where passage tickets are sold.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Book"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Given to
reading; fond of study; better acquainted with books than with men; learned
from books.</def>  "A <i>bookish</i> man." <i>Addison.</i> "<i>Bookish</i>
skill." <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by a method of expression
generally found in books; formal; labored; pedantic; as, a <i>bookish</i>
way of talking; <i>bookish</i> sentences.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Book"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Book"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Book"keep`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who keeps
accounts; one who has the charge of keeping the books and accounts in an
office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"keep`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of recording
pecuniary or business transactions in a regular and systematic manner, so
as to show their relation to each other, and the state of the business in
which they occur; the art of keeping accounts. The books commonly used are
a <i>daybook</i>, <i>cashbook</i>, <i>journal</i>, and <i>ledger</i>. See
<u>Daybook</u>, <u>Cashbook</u>, <u>Journal</u>, and
<u>Ledger</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bookkeeping by single entry</b></col>, <cd>the method of keeping
books by carrying the record of each transaction to the debit or credit of
a single account.</cd> -- <col><b>Bookkeeping by double entry</b></col>,
<cd>a mode of bookkeeping in which two entries of every transaction are
carried to the ledger, one to the Dr., or left hand, side of one account,
and the other to the Cr., or right hand, side of a corresponding account,
in order tha&?; the one entry may check the other; -- sometimes called,
from the place of its origin, the <i>Italian method</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Book"land`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bock"land`</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>b&?;cland</i>; <i>b&?;c</i> book + <i>land</i>
land.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>Charter land held by deed under certain
rents and free services, which differed in nothing from free socage lands.
This species of tenure has given rise to the modern freeholds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"-learned`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Versed in
books; having knowledge derived from books.</def> [Often in a disparaging
sense.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whate'er these <i>book-learned</i> blockheads say,<BR>
Solon's the veriest fool in all the play.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Book"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without books;
unlearned.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Book"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little book.</def>
<i>T. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Book"mak`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who writes and publishes books; especially, one who gathers his
materials from other books; a compiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Horse Racing)</i> <def>A betting man who "makes a
book."  See <i>To make a book</i>, under <u>Book</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Book"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bookmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A studious man; a scholar.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Book"mark`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something placed in
a book to guide in finding a particular page or passage; also, a label in a
book to designate the owner; a bookplate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"mate`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Book</i> +
<i>mate</i>.] <def>A schoolfellow; an associate in study.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"mon`ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dealer in
books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book" mus`lin</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of muslin
used for the covers of books.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of thin white muslin for ladies'
dresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"plate`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A label, placed
upon or in a book, showing its ownership or its position in a
library.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"sell`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sells
books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"sell`ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The employment
of selling books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"shelf`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bookshelves</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A shelf to hold books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"shop`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bookseller's
shop.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Book"stall`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stall or stand
where books are sold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"stand`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A place or stand for the sale of books in the streets; a
bookstall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stand to hold books for reading or
reference.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"store`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A store where
books are kept for sale; -- called in England a bookseller's
shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"work`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Work done upon a book or books (as in a printing office), in
distinction from newspaper or job work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Study; application to books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Book"worm`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any larva of a beetle or moth, which is injurious
to books. Many species are known.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A student closely attached to books or addicted
to study; a reader without appreciation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I wanted but a black gown and a salary to be as mere a
<i>bookworm</i> as any there.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Book"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bookish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boo"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Boolies</b></plw> (&?;). [Ir. <i>buachail</i> cowherd; <i>bo</i>
cow + <i>giolla</i> boy.] <def>A company of Irish herdsmen, or a single
herdsman, wandering from place to place with flocks and herds, and living
on their milk, like the Tartars; also, a place in the mountain pastures
inclosed for the shelter of cattle or their keepers.</def> [Obs.] [Written
also <i>boley</i>, <i>bolye</i>, <i>bouillie</i>.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boom</hw> (b&oomac;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>boom</i> tree,
pole, beam, bar. See <u>Beam</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
long pole or spar, run out for the purpose of extending the bottom of a
particular sail; as, the jib <i>boom</i>, the studding-sail <i>boom</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A long spar or beam, projecting
from the mast of a derrick, from the outer end of which the body to be
lifted is suspended.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pole with a conspicuous top, set up to mark
the channel in a river or harbor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. &amp; Naval)</i> <def>A strong chain cable, or
line of spars bound together, extended across a river or the mouth of a
harbor, to obstruct navigation or passage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Lumbering)</i> <def>A line of connected floating
timbers stretched across a river, or inclosing an area of water, to keep
saw logs, etc., from floating away.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Boom iron</b></col>, <cd>one of the iron rings on the yards
through which the studding-sail booms traverse.</cd> -- <col><b>The
booms</b></col>, <cd>that space on the upper deck of a ship between the
foremast and mainmast, where the boats, spare spars, etc., are stowed.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boom</hw> (b&oomac;m), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To extend, or push, with a boom or pole; as, to <i>boom</i> out a
sail; to <i>boom</i> off a boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boom</hw> (b&oomac;m), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Boomed</u> (&?;), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Booming</u>.] [Of imitative origin; cf. OE. <i>bommen</i> to hum, D.
<i>bommen</i> to drum, sound as an empty barrel, also W. <i>bwmp</i> a
hollow sound; <i>aderyn y bwmp</i>, the bird of the hollow sound, i. e.,
the bittern. Cf. <u>Bum</u>, <u>Bump</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>,
<u>Bomb</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cry with a
hollow note; to make a hollow sound, as the bittern, and some
insects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At eve the beetle <i>boometh</i><BR>
Athwart the thicket lone.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a hollow sound, as of waves or
cannon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alarm guns <i>booming</i> through the night air.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rush with violence and noise, as a ship under
a press of sail, before a free wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She comes <i>booming</i> down before it.<BR>
<i>Totten.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have a rapid growth in market value or in
popular favor; to go on rushingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boom</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hollow
roar, as of waves or cannon; also, the hollow cry of the bittern; a
booming.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strong and extensive advance, with more or
less noisy excitement; -- applied colloquially or humorously to market
prices, the demand for stocks or commodities and to political chances of
aspirants to office; as, a <i>boom</i> in the stock market; a <i>boom</i>
in coffee.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Boom</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to advance rapidly
in price; as, to boom railroad or mining shares; to create a "boom" for; as
to <i>boom</i> Mr. C. for senator.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Boom"das</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>boom</i> tree +
<i>das</i> badger.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small African hyracoid
mammal (<i>Dendrohyrax arboreus</i>) resembling the daman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boom"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, booms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A North American rodent, so
named because it is said to make a booming noise. See
<u>Sewellel</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large male
kangaroo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who works up a "boom".</def> [Slang, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Boom"er*ang</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A very singular
missile weapon used by the natives of Australia and in some parts of India.
It is usually a curved stick of hard wood, from twenty to thirty inches in
length, from two to three inches wide, and half or three quarters of an
inch thick. When thrown from the hand with a quick rotary motion, it
describes very remarkable curves, according to the shape of the instrument
and the manner of throwing it, often moving nearly horizontally a long
distance, then curving upward to a considerable height, and finally taking
a retrograde direction, so as to fall near the place from which it was
thrown, or even far in the rear of it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boom"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rushing
with violence; swelling with a hollow sound; making a hollow sound or note;
roaring; resounding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'er the sea-beat ships the <i>booming</i> waters roar.<BR>
<i>Falcone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Advancing or increasing amid noisy excitement;
as, <i>booming</i> prices; <i>booming</i> popularity.</def> [Colloq. U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Boom"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of producing a
hollow or roaring sound; a violent rushing with heavy roar; as, the
<i>booming</i> of the sea; a deep, hollow sound; as, the <i>booming</i> of
bitterns.</def>  <i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boom"kin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Bumkin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Boo"mo*rah</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small West African chevrotain
(<i>Hy&aelig;moschus aquaticus</i>), resembling the musk deer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Boom"slang*e</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>boom</i> tree
+ <i>slang</i> snake.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large South African tree
snake (<i>Bucephalus Capensis</i>). Although considered venomous by
natives, it has no poison fangs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boon</hw> (b&oomac;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bone</i>,
<i>boin</i>, a petition, fr. Icel. <i>b&omacr;n</i>; akin to Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>b&auml;n</i>, AS. <i>b&emacr;n</i>, and perh. to E. <i>ban</i>; but
influenced by F. <i>bon</i> good, fr. L. <i>bonus</i>. &radic;86. See 2d
<u>Ban</u>, <u>Bounty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prayer or
petition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For which to God he made so many an idle <i>boon</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is asked or granted as a benefit or
favor; a gift; a benefaction; a grant; a present.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every good gift and every perfect <i>boon</i> is from
above.<BR>
<i>James i. 17 (Rev. Ver. ).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boon</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>bon</i>. See <u>Boon</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Good; prosperous; as,
<i>boon</i> voyage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Kind; bountiful; benign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which . . . Nature <i>boon</i><BR>
Poured forth profuse on hill, and dale, and plain.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gay; merry; jovial; convivial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>boon</i> companion, loving his bottle.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>boon</i>, <i>bune</i>,
<i>been</i>, Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>bunach</i> coarse tow, fr. <i>bun</i> root,
stubble.] <def>The woody portion flax, which is separated from the fiber as
refuse matter by retting, braking, and scutching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>boer</i> farmer, boor;
akin to AS. <i>geb&?;r</i> countryman, G. <i>bauer</i>; fr. the root of AS.
<i>b&?;an</i> to inhabit, and akin to E. <i>bower</i>, <i>be</i>. Cf.
<u>Neighbor</u>, <u>Boer</u>, and <u>Big</u> to build.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A husbandman; a peasant; a rustic; esp. a clownish or unrefined
countryman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Dutch, German, or Russian peasant; esp. a
Dutch colonist in South Africa, Guiana, etc.: a boer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rude ill-bred person; one who is clownish in
manners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boor"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a boor; clownish;
uncultured; unmannerly.</def> -- <wf>Boor"ish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Boor"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Which is in truth a gross and <i>boorish</i> opinion.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boort</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>b&omacr;s</i>,
<i>b&omacr;sig</i>; akin to Icel. <i>b&amacr;ss</i>, Sw. <i>b&aring;s</i>,
Dan. <i>baas</i>, stall, G. <i>banse</i>, Goth. <i>bansts</i> barn, Skr.
<i>bh&amacr;sas</i> stall. &radic;252.] <def>A stall or a crib for an ox,
cow, or other animal.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drink excessively.
See <u>Booze</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boos"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A toper; a guzzler.
See <u>Boozer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boost</hw> (b&oomac;st), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Boosted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Boosting</u>.] [Cf. <u>Boast</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To lift
or push from behind (one who is endeavoring to climb); to push up; hence,
to assist in overcoming obstacles, or in making advancement.</def> [Colloq.
U. S.]</p>

<p><! p. 167 !></p>

<p><hw>Boost</hw> (b&oomac;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A push from
behind, as to one who is endeavoring to climb; help.</def> [Colloq. U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Boot</hw> (b&oomac;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bot</i>,
<i>bote</i>, advantage, amends, cure, AS. <i>b&omacr;t</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>b&omacr;t</i>, Sw. <i>bot</i>, Dan. <i>bod</i>, Goth. <i>b&omacr;ta</i>,
D. <i>boete</i>, G. <i>busse</i>; prop., a making good or better, from the
root of E. <i>better</i>, adj. &radic;255.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Remedy;
relief; amends; reparation; hence, one who brings relief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gaf the sike man his <i>boote</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art <i>boot</i> for many a bruise<BR>
And healest many a wound.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Next her Son, our soul's best <i>boot</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is given to make an exchange equal,
or to make up for the deficiency of value in one of the things
exchanged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll give you <i>boot</i>, I'll give you three for one.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Profit; gain; advantage; use.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then talk no more of flight, it is no <i>boot</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To boot</b></col>, <cd>in addition; over and above; besides; as
a compensation for the difference of value between things
bartered.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Helen, to change, would give an eye to <i>boot</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A man's heaviness is refreshed long before he comes to
drunkenness, for when he arrives thither he hath but changed his heaviness,
and taken a crime to <i>boot</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Booted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Booting</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To profit; to advantage; to avail; -- generally
followed by <i>it</i>; as, what <i>boots</i> it?</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>booteth</i> it to others that we wish them well, and
do nothing for them?<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What subdued<BR>
To change like this a mind so far imbued<BR>
With scorn of man, it little <i>boots</i> to know.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>boots</i> to us your victories?<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enrich; to benefit; to give in
addition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And I will <i>boot</i> thee with what gift beside<BR>
Thy modesty can beg.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bote</i>, OF. <i>bote</i>,
F. <i>botte</i>, LL. <i>botta</i>; of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A covering for the foot and lower part of the leg, ordinarily made of
leather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument of torture for the leg, formerly
used to extort confessions, particularly in Scotland.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So he was put to the torture, which in Scotland they call
the <i>boots</i>; for they put a pair of iron <i>boots</i> close on the
leg, and drive wedges between them and the leg.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place at the side of a coach, where attendants
rode; also, a low outside place before and behind the body of the
coach.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A place for baggage at either end of an old-
fashioned stagecoach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An apron or cover (of leather or rubber cloth)
for the driving seat of a vehicle, to protect from rain and mud.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Plumbing)</i> <def>The metal casing and flange
fitted about a pipe where it passes through a roof.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Boot catcher</b></col>, <cd>the person at an inn whose business
it was to pull off boots and clean them.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Swift.</i> --
<col><b>Boot closer</b></col>, <cd>one who, or that which, sews the uppers
of boots.</cd> -- <col><b>Boot crimp</b></col>, <cd>a frame or device used
by bootmakers for drawing and shaping the body of a boot.</cd> --
<col><b>Boot hook</b></col>, <cd>a hook with a handle, used for pulling on
boots.</cd> -- <col><b>Boots and saddles</b></col> <i>(Cavalry
Tactics)</i>, <cd>the trumpet call which is the first signal for mounted
drill.</cd> -- <col><b>Sly boots</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Slyboots</u>, in the
Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Boot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Booted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Booting</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put boots on, esp. for riding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Coated and <i>booted</i> for it.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To punish by kicking with a booted foot.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Boot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To boot one's self; to put
on one's boots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Booty; spoil.</def> [Obs. or
R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boot"black`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who blacks
boots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boot"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearing boots, especially boots with long tops, as for riding; as, a
<i>booted</i> squire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having an undivided, horny,
bootlike covering; -- said of the tarsus of some birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boot*ee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half boot or short
boot.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bo*&ouml;"tes</hw> (b&osl;*&omacr;"t&emacr;z),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Bootes</i>, Gr. <grk>bow`ths</grk> herdsman,
fr. <grk>boy^s</grk>, gen. <grk>boo`s</grk>, ox, cow.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>A northern constellation, containing the bright star
Arcturus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Booth</hw> (b&oomac;&thlig;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>bothe</i>; cf. Icel. <i>b&umacr;&eth;</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>bod</i>, MHG.
<i>buode</i>, G. <i>bude</i>, <i>baude</i>; from the same root as AS.
<i>b&umacr;an</i> to dwell, E. <i>boor</i>, <i>bower</i>, <i>be</i>; cf.
Bohem. <i>bauda</i>, Pol. <i>buda</i>, Russ. <i>budka</i>, Lith. buda, W.
<i>bwth</i>, pl. <i>bythod</i>, Gael. <i>buth</i>, Ir. <i>both</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A house or shed built of boards, boughs, or other
slight materials, for temporary occupation.</def>  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A covered stall or temporary structure in a fair
or market, or at a polling place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boot"hale`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<i>Boot</i>,
for <i>booty</i> + <i>hale</i>.] <def>To forage for booty; to
plunder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boot"hose`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Stocking hose, or spatterdashes, in lieu of boots.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hose made to be worn with boots, as by travelers
on horseback.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Booth"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bothy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boot"i*kin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Boot</i> + <i>-
kin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little boot, legging, or
gaiter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A covering for the foot or hand, worn as a cure
for the gout.</def>  <i>H. Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boot"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Advantage; gain; gain by
plunder; booty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir. J. Harrington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boot"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind
of torture. See <u>Boot</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A kicking, as with a booted foot.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Boot"jack`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A device for
pulling off boots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boot"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Boot</u>
profit.] <def>Unavailing; unprofitable; useless; without advantage or
success.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll follow him no more with <i>bootless</i> prayers.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Boot"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Boot"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Boot"lick`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A toady.</def>
[Low, U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boot"mak`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
boots.</def> -- <wf>Boot"mak`ing</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Boots</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A servant at a hotel or
elsewhere, who cleans and blacks the boots and shoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boot"top`ping</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The act or process of daubing a vessel's bottom near
the surface of the water with a mixture of tallow, sulphur, and resin, as a
temporary protection against worms, after the slime, shells, etc., have
been scraped off.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Sheathing a vessel with planking
over felt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boot"tree`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Boot</i> +
<i>tree</i> wood, timber.] <def>An instrument to stretch and widen the leg
of a boot, consisting of two pieces, together shaped like a leg, between
which, when put into the boot, a wedge is driven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pretty boots trimly stretched on <i>boottrees</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boo"ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>b&?;ti</i>
exchange, barter, Sw. <i>byte</i> barter, booty, Dan. <i>bytte</i>; akin to
D. <i>buit</i> booty, G. <i>beute</i>, and fr. Icel. <i>byta</i>, Sw.
<i>byta</i>, Dan. <i>bytte</i>, to distribute, exchange. The Scandinavian
word was influenced in English by <i>boot</i> profit.] <def>That which is
seized by violence or obtained by robbery, especially collective spoil
taken in war; plunder; pillage.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To play booty</b></col>, <cd>to play dishonestly, with an intent
to lose; to allow one's adversary to win at cards at first, in order to
induce him to continue playing and victimize him afterwards.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Booze</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Boozed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Boozing</u>.] [D. <i>buizen</i>; akin to G. <i>bausen</i>, and perh. fr.
D. <i>buis</i> tube, channel, <i>bus</i> box, jar.] <def>To drink greedily
or immoderately, esp. alcoholic liquor; to tipple.</def> [Written also
<i>bouse</i>, and <i>boose</i>.]  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is better than <i>boozing</i> in public houses.<BR>
<i>H. R. Haweis.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Booze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A carouse; a drinking.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Booz"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who boozes; a
toper; a guzzler of alcoholic liquors; a bouser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Booz"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A little intoxicated;
fuddled; stupid with liquor; bousy.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bo*peep"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bo</i> + <i>peep</i>.]
<def>The act of looking out suddenly, as from behind a screen, so as to
startle some one (as by children in play), or of looking out and drawing
suddenly back, as if frightened.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I for sorrow sung,<BR>
That such a king should play <i>bopeep</i>,<BR>
And go the fools among.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bor"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
bored.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bo*rach"te</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>borracha</i> a
leather bottle for wine, <i>borracho</i> drunk, fr. <i>borra</i> a lamb.]
<def>A large leather bottle for liquors, etc., made of the skin of a goat
or other animal. Hence: A drunkard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You're an absolute <i>borachio</i>.<BR>
<i>Congreve.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bo*rac"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>boracique</i>.
See <u>Borax</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or produced from, borax; containing
boron; boric; as, <i>boracic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"ra*cite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral of a white or gray color occurring massive and in isometric
crystals; in composition it is a magnesium borate with magnesium
chloride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"ra*cous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Relating to, or obtained from, borax; containing borax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>borage</i> (cf. F.
<i>bourrache</i>, It. <i>borraggine</i>, <i>borrace</i>, LL. <i>borago</i>,
<i>borrago</i>, LGr. <i>&?;</i>), fr. LL. <i>borra</i>, F. <i>bourre</i>,
hair of beasts, flock; so called from its hairy leaves.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A mucilaginous plant of the genus Borago (B. officinalis), which is
used, esp. in France, as a demulcent and diaphoretic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"age*wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Plant of the
Borage family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo*rag`i*na"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a family of plants
(<i>Boraginace&aelig;</i>) which includes the borage, heliotrope, beggar's
lice, and many pestiferous plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor`a*gin"e*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Relating to the Borage tribe; boraginaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"a*mez</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Barometz</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Boric</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt formed by the combination of boric acid with a
base or positive radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"rax</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>boras</i>, fr. F.
<i>borax</i>, earlier spelt <i>borras</i>; cf. LL. <i>borax</i>, Sp.
<i>borraj</i>; all fr. Ar. <i>b&?;rag</i>, fr. Pers. <i>b&?;rah</i>.]
<def>A white or gray crystalline salt, with a slight alkaline taste, used
as a flux, in soldering metals, making enamels, fixing colors on porcelain,
and as a soap. It occurs native in certain mineral springs, and is made
from the boric acid of hot springs in Tuscany. It was originally obtained
from a lake in Thibet, and was sent to Europe under the name of
<i>tincal</i>. Borax is a pyroborate or tetraborate of sodium,
Na2B4O7.10H2O.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Borax bead</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <u>Bead</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bor"bo*rygm</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>borborygme</i>,
fr. Gr. <i>&?;</i>, fr. <i>&?;</i> to rumble in the bowels.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A rumbling or gurgling noise produced by wind in the bowels.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bord</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Board</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A board; a table.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The face of coal parallel to the
natural fissures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bord</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Bourd</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bord"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>bordagium</i>.]
<def>The base or servile tenure by which a bordar held his
cottage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bord"ar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>bordarius</i>, fr.
<i>borda</i> a cottage; of uncertain origin.] <def>A villein who rendered
menial service for his cottage; a cottier.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cottar, the <i>bordar</i>, and the laborer were bound to
aid in the work of the home farm.<BR>
<i>J. R. Green.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bor*deaux"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
Bordeaux in the south of France.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A
claret wine from Bordeaux.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bor"del</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bor*del"lo</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bordel</i>, orig. a little hut, OF.
<i>borde</i> hut, cabin, of German origin, and akin to E. <i>board</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  See <u>Board</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
brothel; a bawdyhouse; a house devoted to prostitution.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bor`de*lais"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Bordeaux, in France, or to the district around
Bordeaux.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"del*ler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A keeper or a
frequenter of a brothel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bor"der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bordure</i>, F.
<i>bordure</i>, fr. <i>border</i> to border, fr. <i>bord</i> a border; of
German origin; cf. MHG. borte border, trimming, G. <i>borte</i> trimming,
ribbon; akin to E. <i>board</i> in sense 8. See <u>Board</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Bordure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
outer part or edge of anything, as of a garment, a garden, etc.; margin;
verge; brink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the <i>borders</i> of these solitudes.<BR>
<i>Bentham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>borders</i> of death.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boundary; a frontier of a state or of the
settled part of a country; a frontier district.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A strip or stripe arranged along or near the
edge of something, as an ornament or finish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A narrow flower bed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Border land</b></col>, <cd>land on the frontiers of two
adjoining countries; debatable land; -- often used figuratively; as, the
<i>border land</i> of science.</cd> -- <col><b>The Border</b></col>,
<col><b>The Borders</b></col>, <cd>specifically, the frontier districts of
Scotland and England which lie adjacent.</cd> -- <col><b>Over the
border</b></col>, <cd>across the boundary line or frontier.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Edge; verge; brink; margin; brim; rim; boundary;
confine.</p>

<p><hw>Bor"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bordered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bordering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To touch at the edge or
boundary; to be contiguous or adjacent; -- with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>
as, Connecticut <i>borders</i> on Massachusetts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To approach; to come near to; to
verge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wit which <i>borders</i> upon profaneness deserves to be
branded as folly.<BR>
<i>Abp. Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bor"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make a border for; to furnish with a border, as for ornament; as, to
<i>border</i> a garment or a garden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be, or to have, contiguous to; to touch, or
be touched, as by a border; to be, or to have, near the limits or boundary;
as, the region <i>borders</i> a forest, or is <i>bordered</i> on the north
by a forest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The country is <i>bordered</i> by a broad tract called the
"hot region."<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Shebah and Raamah . . . <i>border</i> the sea called the
Persian gulf.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To confine within bounds; to limit.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That nature, which contemns its origin,<BR>
Can not be <i>bordered</i> certain in itself.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bor"der*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who dwells on a
border, or at the extreme part or confines of a country, region, or tract
of land; one who dwells near to a place or region.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Borderers</i> of the Caspian.<BR>
<i>Dyer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bord"land`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bordar</i> (or perh.
<i>bord</i> a board) + <i>land</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>Either land
held by a bordar, or the land which a lord kept for the maintenance of his
board, or table.</def>  <i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bord"lode`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bordar</i> (or perh.
<i>bord</i> a board) + <i>lode</i> leading.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>The
service formerly required of a tenant, to carry timber from the woods to
the lord's house.</def>  <i>Bailey. Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bord"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bordar</i> (or perh.
<i>bord</i> a board) + <i>man</i>.] <def>A bordar; a tenant in
bordage.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bord"rag</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bord"ra`ging</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. from OE. <i>bord</i>, for <i>border</i> +
<i>raging</i>. Cf. <u>Bodrage</u>.] <def>An incursion upon the borders of a
country; a raid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bord" serv`ice</hw> (&?;). [<i>Bordar</i> (or perh. <i>bord</i> a
board) + <i>service</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>Service due from a
bordar; bordage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"dure</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bordure</i>. See
<u>Border</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A border one fifth
the width of the shield, surrounding the field. It is usually plain, but
may be charged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bore</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bored</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Boring</u>.] [OE. <i>borien</i>, AS. <i>borian</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>bora</i>, Dan. <i>bore</i>, D. <i>boren</i>, OHG. <i>por&?;n</i>, G.
<i>bohren</i>, L. <i>forare</i>, Gr. <i>&?;</i> to plow, Zend <i>bar</i>.
&radic;91.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perforate or penetrate, as a solid
body, by turning an auger, gimlet, drill, or other instrument; to make a
round hole in or through; to pierce; as, to <i>bore</i> a plank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll believe as soon this whole earth may be
<i>bored</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form or enlarge by means of a boring
instrument or apparatus; as, to <i>bore</i> a steam cylinder or a gun
barrel; to <i>bore</i> a hole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Short but very powerful jaws, by means whereof the insect
can <i>bore</i>, as with a centerbit, a cylindrical passage through the
most solid wood.<BR>
<i>T. W. Harris.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make (a passage) by laborious effort, as in
boring; as, to <i>bore</i> one's way through a crowd; to force a narrow and
difficult passage through.</def> "What bustling crowds I <i>bored</i>."
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To weary by tedious iteration or by dullness; to
tire; to trouble; to vex; to annoy; to pester.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>bores</i> me with some trick.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Used to come and <i>bore</i> me at rare intervals.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To befool; to trick.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am abused, betrayed; I am laughed at, scorned,<BR>
Baffled and <i>bored</i>, it seems.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bore</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a
hole or perforation with, or as with, a boring instrument; to cut a
circular hole by the rotary motion of a tool; as, to <i>bore</i> for water
or oil (<i>i. e.</i>, to sink a well by boring for water or oil); to
<i>bore</i> with a gimlet; to <i>bore</i> into a tree (as
insects).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be pierced or penetrated by an instrument
that cuts as it turns; as, this timber does not <i>bore</i> well, or is
hard to <i>bore</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To push forward in a certain direction with
laborious effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They take their flight . . . <i>boring</i> to the west.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 168 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>To shoot out the nose or toss it
in the air; -- said of a horse.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bore</hw> (b&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A hole made by boring; a perforation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The internal cylindrical cavity of a gun,
cannon, pistol, or other firearm, or of a pipe or tube.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bores</i> of wind instruments.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Love's counselor should fill the <i>bores</i> of
hearing.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The size of a hole; the interior diameter of a
tube or gun barrel; the caliber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A tool for making a hole by boring, as an
auger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Caliber; importance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet are they much too light for the <i>bore</i> of the
matter.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing that wearies by prolixity or
dullness; a tiresome person or affair; any person or thing which causes
ennui.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is as great a <i>bore</i> as to hear a poet read his own
verses.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>b&amacr;ra</i> wave: cf.
G. <i>empor</i> upwards, OHG. <i>bor</i> height, <i>burren</i> to lift,
perh. allied to AS. <i>beran</i>, E. 1st <u>bear</u>. &radic;92.]
<i>(Physical Geog.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tidal flood which
regularly or occasionally rushes into certain rivers of peculiar
configuration or location, in one or more waves which present a very abrupt
front of considerable height, dangerous to shipping, as at the mouth of the
Amazon, in South America, the Hoogly and Indus, in India, and the Tsien-
tang, in China.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Less properly, a very high
and rapid tidal flow, when not so abrupt, such as occurs at the Bay of
Fundy and in the British Channel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bore</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of 1st &amp; 2d
<u>Bear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"re*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>borealis</i>: cf.
F. <i>bor&eacute;al</i>. See <u>Boreas</u>.] <def>Northern; pertaining to
the north, or to the north wind; as, a <i>boreal</i> bird; a <i>boreal</i>
blast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So from their own clear north in radiant streams,<BR>
Bright over Europe bursts the <i>boreal</i> morn.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Bo"re*as</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>boreas</i>, Gr.
<i>&?;</i>.] <def>The north wind; -- usually a personification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bore"cole`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>boerenkool</i> (lit.) husbandman's cabbage.] <def>A brassicaceous plant
of many varieties, cultivated for its leaves, which are not formed into a
compact head like the cabbage, but are loose, and are generally curled or
wrinkled; kale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bore"dom</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being bored, or pestered; a state of ennui.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The realm of bores; bores,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo*ree"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bourr&Eacute;&eacute;</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bor"el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Borrel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"e*le</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The smaller two-horned rhinoceros of South Africa (<i>Atelodus
bicornis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
that bores; an instrument for boring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
marine, bivalve mollusk, of the genus <i>Teredo</i> and allies, which
burrows in wood. See <u>Teredo</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
bivalve mollusk (<i>Saxicava</i>, <i>Lithodomus</i>, etc.) which bores into
limestone and similar substances.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the
larv&aelig; of many species of insects, which penetrate trees, as the
apple, peach, pine, etc. See <i>Apple borer</i>, under <u>Apple</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The hagfish (<i>Myxine</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"ric</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or containing, boron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Boric acid</b></col>, <cd>a white crystalline substance
B(OH)<sub>3</sub>, easily obtained from its salts, and occurring in
solution in the hot lagoons of Tuscany.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bo"ride</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
binary compound of boron with a more positive or basic element or radical;
-- formerly called <i>boruret</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or process of one who, or that which, bores; as, the <i>boring</i> of
cannon; the <i>boring</i> of piles and ship timbers by certain marine
mollusks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of the most important applications of <i>boring</i> is
in the formation of artesian wells.<BR>
<i>Tomlinson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hole made by boring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The chips or fragments made by
boring.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Boring bar</b></col>, <cd>a revolving or stationary bar,
carrying one or more cutting tools for dressing round holes.</cd> --
<col><b>Boring tool</b></col> <i>(Metal Working)</i>, <cd>a cutting tool
placed in a cutter head to dress round holes.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Born</hw> (b&ocirc;rn), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Bear</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Brought
forth, as an animal; brought into life; introduced by birth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No one could be <i>born</i> into slavery in Mexico.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having from birth a certain character; by or
from birth; by nature; innate; as, a <i>born</i> liar.</def> "A <i>born</i>
matchmaker."  <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Born again</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>regenerated; renewed;
having received spiritual life.</cd> "Except a man be <i>born again</i>, he
can not see the kingdom of God." <i>John iii. 3.</i> -- <col><b>Born
days</b></col>, <cd>days since one was born; lifetime.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Borne</hw> (b&omacr;rn), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Bear</u>.
<def>Carried; conveyed; supported; defrayed. See <u>Bear</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"ne*ol</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Borneo</i> + <i>-
ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare variety of camphor,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>17</sub>.OH, resembling ordinary camphor, from which it
can be produced by reduction. It is said to occur in the camphor tree of
Borneo and Sumatra (<i>Dryobalanops camphora</i>), but the natural borneol
is rarely found in European or American commerce, being in great request by
the Chinese. Called also <i>Borneo camphor</i>, <i>Malay camphor</i>, and
<i>camphol</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"nite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Von
<i>Born</i>, a mineralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A valuable ore of copper,
containing copper, iron, and sulphur; -- also called <i>purple copper
ore</i> (or <i>erubescite</i>), in allusion to the colors shown upon the
slightly tarnished surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo`ro*flu"or*ide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Boron</i> +
<i>fluoride</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A double fluoride of boron and
hydrogen, or some other positive element, or radical; -- called also
<i>fluoboride</i>, and formerly <i>fluoborate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"ro*glyc"er*ide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Boron</i> +
<i>glyceride</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound of boric acid and
glycerin, used as an antiseptic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"ron</hw> (b&omacr;"r&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Borax</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nonmetallic element occurring
abundantly in borax. It is reduced with difficulty to the free state, when
it can be obtained in several different forms; viz., as a substance of a
deep olive color, in a semimetallic form, and in colorless quadratic
crystals similar to the diamond in hardness and other properties. It occurs
in nature also in boracite, datolite, tourmaline, and some other minerals.
Atomic weight 10.9. Symbol B.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"ro*sil"i*cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Boron</i> +
<i>silicate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A double salt of boric and silicic
acids, as in the natural minerals tourmaline, datolite, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"ough</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>burgh</i>,
<i>burw</i>, <i>boru</i>, port, town, burrow, AS. <i>burh</i>, <i>burg</i>;
akin to Icel., Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>borg</i>, OS. &amp; D. <i>burg</i>, OHG. puruc,
purc, MHG. <i>burc</i>, G. <i>burg</i>, Goth. <i>ba&uacute;rgs</i>; and
from the root of AS. <i>beorgan</i> to hide, save, defend, G.
<i>bergen</i>; or perh. from that of AS. <i>beorg</i> hill, mountain.
&radic;95. See <u>Bury</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Burrow</u>,
<u>Burg</u>, <u>Bury</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Burgess</u>,
<u>Iceberg</u>, <u>Borrow</u>, <u>Harbor</u>, <u>Hauberk</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In England, an incorporated town that is not a
city; also, a town that sends members to parliament; in Scotland, a body
corporate, consisting of the inhabitants of a certain district, erected by
the sovereign, with a certain jurisdiction; in America, an incorporated
town or village, as in Pennsylvania and Connecticut.</def>  <i>Burrill.
Erskine.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of citizens or inhabitants
of a borough; as, the <i>borough</i> voted to lay a tax.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Close borough</b></col>, or <col><b>Pocket borough</b></col>,
<cd>a borough having the right of sending a member to Parliament, whose
nomination is in the hands of a single person.</cd> -- <col><b>Rotten
borough</b></col>, <cd>a name given to any borough which, at the time of
the passage of the Reform Bill of 1832, contained but few voters, yet
retained the privilege of sending a member to Parliament.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bor"ough</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Borrow</u>.] <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An association of men who gave pledges or
sureties to the king for the good behavior of each other.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pledge or surety thus given.</def>
<i>Blackstone. Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bor"ough-Eng"lish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<def>A custom, as in some ancient boroughs, by which lands and tenements
descend to the youngest son, instead of the eldest; or, if the owner have
no issue, to the youngest brother.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bor"ough*head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Headborough</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bor"ough*hold"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
headborough; a borsholder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"ough*mas"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Burgomaster</u>.] <def>The mayor, governor, or bailiff of a
borough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"ough*mon"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who buys
or sells the parliamentary seats of boroughs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bor"ough*mon"ger*ing</hw>, <hw>Bor"ough*mon"ger*y</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practices of a boroughmonger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor*rach"o</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Borachio</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bor"rage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Bor*rag`i*na"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, etc. <def>See
<u>Borage</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"rel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>burel</i> a kind of
coarse woolen cloth, fr. F. <i>bure</i> drugget. See <u>Bureau</u>. Rustic
and common people dressed in this cloth, which was prob. so called from its
color.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Coarse woolen cloth; hence, coarse
clothing; a garment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of light stuff, of silk and
wool.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor"rel</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prob. from <u>Borrel</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Ignorant, unlearned; belonging to the
laity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bor"row</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Borrowed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Borrowing</u>.] [OE. <i>borwen</i>, AS. <i>borgian</i>, fr. <i>borg</i>,
<i>borh</i>, pledge; akin to D. <i>borg</i>, G. <i>borg</i>; prob. fr. root
of AS. <i>beorgan</i> to protect. &?;95. See 1st <u>Borough</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To receive from another as a loan, with the implied
or expressed intention of returning the identical article or its equivalent
in kind; -- the opposite of <i>lend</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>To take (one or more) from the
next higher denomination in order to add it to the next lower; -- a term of
subtraction when the figure of the subtrahend is larger than the
corresponding one of the minuend.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To copy or imitate; to adopt; as, to
<i>borrow</i> the style, manner, or opinions of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rites <i>borrowed</i> from the ancients.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not hard for any man, who hath a Bible in his hands,
to <i>borrow</i> good words and holy sayings in abundance; but to make them
his own is a work of grace only from above.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To feign or counterfeit.</def> "<i>Borrowed</i>
hair."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>borrowed</i> majesty of England.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To receive; to take; to derive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any drop thou <i>borrowedst</i> from thy mother.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To borrow trouble</b></col>, <cd>to be needlessly troubled; to
be overapprehensive.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bor"row</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something
deposited as security; a pledge; a surety; a hostage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye may retain as <i>borrows</i> my two priests.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of borrowing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of your royal presence I'll adventure<BR>
The <i>borrow</i> of a week.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bor"row*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
borrows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither a <i>borrower</i> nor a lender be.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bors"hold`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>borsolder</i>;
prob. fr. AS. <i>borg</i>, gen. <i>borges</i>, pledge + <i>ealdor</i>
elder. See <u>Borrow</u>, and <u>Elder</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <def>The head or chief of a tithing, or borough (see 2d
<u>Borough</u>); the headborough; a parish constable.</def>
<i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bort</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Imperfectly crystallized
or coarse diamonds, or fragments made in cutting good diamonds which are
reduced to powder and used in lapidary work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"ru*ret</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
boride.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bor"we</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pledge; borrow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bos</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., ox, cow.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of ruminant quadrupeds, including the wild
and domestic cattle, distinguished by a stout body, hollow horns, and a
large fold of skin hanging from the neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bo"sa</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>b&?;za</i>, Pers.
<i>b&?;zah</i>: cf. F. <i>bosan</i>.] <def>A drink, used in the East. See
<u>Boza</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bos"cage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>boscage</i> grove,
F. <i>bocage</i>, fr. LL. <i>boscus</i>, <i>buscus</i>, thicket, wood. See
1st <u>Bush</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A growth of trees or shrubs;
underwood; a thicket; thick foliage; a wooded landscape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>Food or sustenance for
cattle, obtained from bushes and trees; also, a tax on wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bosh</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>posse</i> joke,
trifle; It. <i>bozzo</i> a rough stone, <i>bozzetto</i> a rough sketch,
<i>s-bozzo</i> a rough draught, sketch.] <def>Figure; outline; show.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bosh</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.] <def>Empty talk;
contemptible nonsense; trash; humbug.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Bosh</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Boshes</b></plw>
(&?;). [Cf. G. <i>b&ouml;schung</i> a slope.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the sloping sides of the lower part of a
blast furnace; also, one of the hollow iron or brick sides of the bed of a
puddling or boiling furnace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The lower part of a blast furnace,
which slopes inward, or the widest space at the top of this part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In forging and smelting, a trough in which tools
and ingots are cooled.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bosh"bok</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>bosch</i> wood +
<i>bok</i> buck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of antelope. See <u>Bush
buck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bosh"vark</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>bosch</i> wood +
<i>varken</i> pig.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bush hog. See under
<u>Bush</u>, a thicket.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bos"jes*man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<u>Bosjesmans</u>. [D. <i>boschjesman</i>.] <def>See
<u>Bushman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bosk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bosket</u>.] <def>A
thicket; a small wood.</def> "Through <i>bosk</i> and dell."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bos"kage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Boscage</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thridding the somber <i>boskage</i> of the wood.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bos"ket</hw>, <hw>Bos"quet</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>bosquet</i> a little wood, dim. fr. LL. <i>boscus</i>. See
<u>Boscage</u>, and cf. <u>Bouquet</u>.] <i>(Gardening)</i> <def>A grove; a
thicket; shrubbery; an inclosure formed by branches of trees, regularly or
irregularly disposed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bosk"i*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Boscage; also, the
state or quality of being bosky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bosk"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Bushy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Woody or bushy; covered with boscage or
thickets.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Caused by boscage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Darkened over by long <i>bosky</i> shadows.<BR>
<i>H. James.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bos"om</hw> (b&oocr;z"&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>b&?;sm</i>; akin to D. <i>bozem</i>, Fries. <i>b&?;sm</i>, OHG.
<i>puosum</i>, G. <i>busen</i>, and prob. E. <i>bough</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The breast of a human being; the part, between the
arms, to which anything is pressed when embraced by them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You must prepare your <i>bosom</i> for his knife.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The breast, considered as the seat of the
passions, affections, and operations of the mind; consciousness; secret
thoughts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tut, I am in their <i>bosoms</i>, and I know<BR>
Wherefore they do it.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If I covered my transgressions as Adam, by hiding my
iniquity in my <i>bosom</i>.<BR>
<i>Job xxxi. 33.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Embrace; loving or affectionate inclosure;
fold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Within the <i>bosom</i> of that church.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any thing or place resembling the breast; a
supporting surface; an inner recess; the interior; as, the <i>bosom</i> of
the earth.</def> "The <i>bosom</i> of the ocean."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The part of the dress worn upon the breast; an
article, or a portion of an article, of dress to be worn upon the breast;
as, the <i>bosom</i> of a shirt; a linen <i>bosom</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He put his hand into his <i>bosom</i>: and when he took it
out, behold, his hand was leprous as snow.<BR>
<i>Ex. iv. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Inclination; desire.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A depression round the eye of a millstone.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bos"om</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the bosom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intimate; confidential; familiar; trusted;
cherished; beloved; as, a <i>bosom</i> friend.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bos"om</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bosomed</u> (-&ubreve;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bosoming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inclose or carry in the bosom;
to keep with care; to take to heart; to cherish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bosom</i> up my counsel,<BR>
You'll find it wholesome.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To conceal; to hide from view; to
embosom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To happy convents <i>bosomed</i> deep in vines.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bos"omed</hw> (b&oocr;z"&ubreve;md), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having, or resembling, bosom; kept in the bosom; hidden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bos"om*y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized
by recesses or sheltered hollows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"son</hw> (b&omacr;"s'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Boatswain</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bos*po"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Bosporus</i>,
G. <grk>Bo`sporos</grk>, lit., <i>ox-ford</i>, the ox's or heifer's ford,
on account of Io's passage here as a heifer; fr. <grk>boy^s</grk> ox,
heifer + <grk>po`ros</grk> ford.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Thracian or
the Cimmerian Bosporus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Alans forced the <i>Bosporian</i> kings to pay them
tribute and exterminated the Taurians.<BR>
<i>Tooke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bos"po*rus</hw> (b&obreve;s"p&osl;*r&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L.] <def>A strait or narrow sea between two seas, or a lake and a seas;
as, the <i>Bosporus</i> (formerly the Thracian Bosporus) or Strait of
Constantinople, between the Black Sea and Sea of Marmora; the Cimmerian
<i>Bosporus</i>, between the Black Sea and Sea of Azof.</def> [Written also
<i>Bosphorus</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bos"quet</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bosket</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boss</hw> (b&obreve;s; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bosses</b></plw> (-&ebreve;z). [OE. <i>boce</i>, <i>bose</i>,
<i>boche</i>, OF. <i>boce</i>, <i>boche</i>, <i>bosse</i>, F. <i>bosse</i>,
of G. origin; cf. OHG. <i>b&omacr;zo</i> tuft, bunch, OHG.
<i>b&omacr;zan</i>, MHG. <i>b&ocirc;zen</i>, to beat. See <u>Beat</u>, and
cf. <u>Botch</u> a swelling.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any protuberant part;
a round, swelling part or body; a knoblike process; as, a <i>boss</i> of
wood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A protuberant ornament on any work, either of
different material from that of the work or of the same, as upon a buckler
or bridle; a stud; a knob; the central projection of a shield. See
<u>Umbilicus</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 169 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A projecting ornament placed at
the intersection of the ribs of ceilings, whether vaulted or flat, and in
other situations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Cf. D. <i>bus</i> box, Dan. <i>b&ouml;sse</i>.]
<def>A wooden vessel for the mortar used in tiling or masonry, hung by a
hook from the laths, or from the rounds of a ladder.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The enlarged
part of a shaft, on which a wheel is keyed, or at the end, where it is
coupled to another.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A swage or die used for
shaping metals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A head or reservoir of water.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Boss</hw> (b&obreve;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bossed</u> (b&obreve;st); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bossing</u>.] [OE. <i>bocen</i>, fr. OF. <i>bocier</i>. See the
preceding word.] <def>To ornament with bosses; to stud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>baas</i> master.] <def>A
master workman or superintendent; a director or manager; a political
dictator.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Boss"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bossage</i>, fr.
<i>bosse</i>. See <u>Boss</u> a stud.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A stone in a building, left rough and projecting, to be afterward
carved into shape.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Rustic work, consisting of stones
which seem to advance beyond the level of the building, by reason of
indentures or channels left in the joinings.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bossed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Embossed; also,
bossy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bos"set</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Boss</u> a stud.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rudimental antler of a young male of the red
deer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boss"ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rule or practices
of bosses, esp. political bosses.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Boss"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ornamented with bosses;
studded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bos"sy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. fr. Prov. E. <i>boss</i> in
<i>boss-calf</i>, <i>buss-calf</i>, for <i>boose-calf</i>, prop., a calf
kept in the stall. See 1st <u>Boose</u>.] <def>A cow or calf; -- familiarly
so called.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bos"ton</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game at cards,
played by four persons, with two packs of fifty-two cards each; -- said to
be so called from Boston, Massachusetts, and to have been invented by
officers of the French army in America during the Revolutionary
war.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bos*well"i*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to, or
characteristic of, Boswell, the biographer of Dr. Johnson.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bos"well*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The style of
Boswell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Bots</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bo*tan"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bo*tan"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>botanique</i>. See <u>Botany</u>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to botany; relating to the study of plants; as, a
<i>botanical</i> system, arrangement, textbook, expedition.</def> --
<wf>Botan"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Botanic garden</b></col>, <cd>a garden devoted to the culture of
plants collected for the purpose of illustrating the science of
botany.</cd> -- <col><b>Botanic physician</b></col>, <cd>a physician whose
medicines consist chiefly of herbs and roots.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bot"a*nist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>botaniste</i>.] <def>One skilled in botany; one versed in the knowledge
of plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot"a*nize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Botanized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Botanizing</u> (&?;).] [Cf. F. <i>botaniser</i>.] <def>To seek after
plants for botanical investigation; to study plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot"a*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To explore for
botanical purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot"a*ni`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
botanizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot`a*nol"o*ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
botanist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bot`a*nol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Botany</i> +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>botanologie</i>.] <def>The science of botany.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bot"a*no*man`cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Botany</i> +
<i>-mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>botanomantie</i>.] <def>An ancient species of
divination by means of plants, esp. sage and fig leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot"a*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Botanies</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>botanique</i>, <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos>, fr. Gr. <i>&?;</i> botanic, fr. <i>&?;</i> herb, plant, fr.
<i>&?;</i> to feed, graze.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science which
treats of the structure of plants, the functions of their parts, their
places of growth, their classification, and the terms which are employed in
their description and denomination. See <u>Plant</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A book which treats of the science of
botany.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Botany is divided into various departments; as,
<col><b>Structural Botany</b></col>, which investigates the structure and
organic composition of plants; <col><b>Physiological Botany</b></col>, the
study of their functions and life; and <col><b>Systematic Botany</b></col>,
which has to do with their classification, description, nomenclature,
etc.</p>

<p><hw>Bot"a*ny Bay"</hw> (&?;). <def>A harbor on the east coast of
Australia, and an English convict settlement there; -- so called from the
number of new plants found on its shore at its discovery by Cook in
1770.</def></p>

<p>Hence, any place to which desperadoes resort.</p>

<p><col><b>Botany Bay kino</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an astringent,
reddish substance consisting of the inspissated juice of several Australian
species of <i>Eucalyptus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Botany Bay resin</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a resin of reddish yellow color, resembling gamboge, the
product of different Australian species of <i>Xanthorrh&aelig;a</i>, esp.
the grass tree (<i>X. hastilis</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bo*tar"go</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>bottarga</i>,
<i>bottarica</i>; or Sp. <i>botarga</i>; a kind of large sausages, a sort
of wide breeches: cf. F. <i>boutargue</i>.] <def>A sort of cake or sausage,
made of the salted roes of the mullet, much used on the coast of the
Mediterranean as an incentive to drink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Botch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Botches</b></plw> (&?;). [Same as Boss a stud. For senses 2 &amp; 3 cf.
D. <i>botsen</i> to beat, akin to E. <i>beat</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A swelling on the skin; a large ulcerous affection; a boil; an
eruptive disease.</def> [Obs. or Dial.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Botches</i> and blains must all his flesh emboss.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A patch put on, or a part of a garment patched
or mended in a clumsy manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Work done in a bungling manner; a clumsy
performance; a piece of work, or a place in work, marred in the doing, or
not properly finished; a bungle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To leave no rubs nor <i>botches</i> in the work.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Botch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Botched</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Botching</u>.]
[See <u>Botch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark
with, or as with, botches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Young Hylas, <i>botched</i> with stains.<BR>
<i>Garth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To repair; to mend; esp. to patch in a clumsy or
imperfect manner, as a garment; -- sometimes with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sick bodies . . . to be kept and <i>botched</i> up for a
time.<BR>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put together unsuitably or unskillfully; to
express or perform in a bungling manner; to spoil or mar, as by unskillful
work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For treason <i>botched</i> in rhyme will be thy bane.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Botch"ed*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a clumsy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Botch"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who mends or patches, esp. a tailor or cobbler.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A clumsy or careless workman; a
bungler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young salmon; a
grilse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Botch"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bungling; awkward.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Botch"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A botching, or that
which is done by botching; clumsy or careless workmanship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Botch"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked with botches;
full of botches; poorly done.</def> "This <i>botchy</i> business."  <i>Bp.
Watson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bote</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Old form of <i>boot</i>; --
used in composition. See 1st <u>Boot</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Compensation; amends; satisfaction; expiation; as, man <i>bote</i>, a
compensation or a man slain.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Payment of any
kind.</def> <i>Bouvier.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A privilege or
allowance of necessaries.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is still used in composition as equivalent to the
French <i>estovers</i>, supplies, necessaries; as, house<i>bote</i>, a
sufficiency of wood to repair a house, or for fuel, sometimes called
fire<i>bote</i>; so plow<i>bote</i>, cart<i>bote</i>, wood for making or
repairing instruments of husbandry; hay<i>bote</i> or hedge<i>bote</i>,
wood for hedges, fences, etc. These were privileges enjoyed by tenants
under the feudal system.  <i>Burrill.</i> <i>Bouvier.</i>
<i>Blackstone.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Bote"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unavailing; in vain. See
<u>Bootless</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot"fly`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
dipterous insect of the family (<i>Estrid&aelig;</i>, of many different
species, some of which are particularly troublesome to domestic animals, as
the horse, ox, and sheep, on which they deposit their eggs. A common
species is one of the botflies of the horse (<i>Gastrophilus equi</i>), the
larv&aelig; of which (<i>bots</i>) are taken into the stomach of the
animal, where they live several months and pass through their larval
states. In tropical America one species sometimes lives under the human
skin, and another in the stomach. See <u>Gadfly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Both</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a. or pron.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bothe</i>,
<i>ba&?;e</i>, fr. Icel. <i>b&amacr;&?;ir</i>; akin to Dan. <i>baade</i>,
Sw. <i>b&aring;da</i>, Goth. <i>baj&?;&?;s</i>, OHG. <i>beid&?;</i>,
<i>b&?;d&?;</i>, G. &amp; D. <i>beide</i>, also AS. <i>begen</i>,
<i>b&amacr;</i>, <i>b&?;</i>, Goth. <i>bai</i>, and Gr. <i>&?;</i>, L.
<i>ambo</i>, Lith. <i>ab&agrave;</i>, OSlav. <i>oba</i>, Skr. <i>ubha</i>.
&radic;310. Cf. <u>Amb</u>-.] <def>The one and the other; the two; the
pair, without exception of either.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is generally used adjectively with nouns; as, both horses ran
away; but with pronouns, and often with nous, it is used substantively, and
followed by <i>of</i>.</p>

<p>It frequently stands as a pronoun.</p>

<p><blockquote>She alone is heir to <i>both</i> of us.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Abraham took sheep and oxen, and gave them unto Abimelech;
and <i>both</i> of them made a covenant.<BR>
<i>Gen. xxi. 27.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He will not bear the loss of his rank, because he can bear
the loss of his estate; but he will bear <i>both</i>, because he is
prepared for <i>both</i>.<BR>
<i>Bolingbroke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>It is often used in apposition with nouns or pronouns.</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy weal and woe are <i>both</i> of them extremes.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This said, they <i>both</i> betook them several ways.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><i>Both</i> now always precedes any other attributive words; as,
<i>both</i> their armies; both our eyes.</p>

<p><i>Both of</i> is used before pronouns in the objective case; as,
<i>both of</i> us, them, whom, etc.; but before substantives its used is
colloquial, <i>both</i> (without <i>of</i>) being the preferred form; as,
<i>both</i> the brothers.</p>

<p><hw>Both</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>As well; not only;
equally.</def></p>

<p><i>Both</i> precedes the first of two co&ouml;rdinate words or phrases,
and is followed by <i>and</i> before the other, <i>both</i> . . .
<i>and</i> . . . ; as well the one as the other; not only this, but also
that; equally the former and the latter. It is also sometimes followed by
more than two co&ouml;rdinate words, connected by <i>and</i> expressed or
understood.</p>

<p><blockquote>To judge <i>both</i> quick and dead.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A masterpiece <i>both</i> for argument and style.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To whom <i>bothe</i> heven and erthe and see is sene.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Both</i> mongrel, puppy, whelp, and hound.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He prayeth well who loveth well<BR>
<i>Both</i> man and bird and beast.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Both"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bothered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bothering</u>.] [Cf. Ir. <i>buaidhirt</i> trouble, <i>buaidhrim</i> I
vex.] <def>To annoy; to trouble; to worry; to perplex. See
<u>Pother</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The imperative is sometimes used as an exclamation mildly
imprecatory.</p>

<p><hw>Both"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To feel care or anxiety;
to make or take trouble; to be troublesome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without <i>bothering</i> about it.<BR>
<i>H. James.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Both"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
bothers; state of perplexity or annoyance; embarrassment; worry;
disturbance; petty trouble; as, to be in a <i>bother</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Both`er*a"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
bothering, or state of being bothered; cause of trouble; perplexity;
annoyance; vexation.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Both"er*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
bothers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Both"er*some</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vexatious;
causing bother; causing trouble or perplexity; troublesome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Both"-hands`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A factotum.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He is his master's <i>both-hands</i>, I assure you.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Both"ie</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bothy</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Both"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <hw>Both"nic</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Bothnia, a country of
northern Europe, or to a gulf of the same name which forms the northern
part of the Baltic sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Both*ren"chy*ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>
pit + <i>&?;</i> something poured in. Formed like <i>parenchyma</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Dotted or pitted ducts or vessels forming the pores seen
in many kinds of wood.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Both"y</hw> (&?;) <hw>Booth"y</hw>  } (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-ies</b></plw> (&?;) [Scottish. Cf. <u>Booth</u>.]
<def>A wooden hut or humble cot, esp. a rude hut or barrack for unmarried
farm servants; a shepherd's or hunter's hut; a booth.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bo`to*cu"dos</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Pg.
<i>botoque</i> stopple. So called because they wear a wooden plug in the
pierced lower lip.] <def>A Brazilian tribe of Indians, noted for their use
of poisons; -- also called <i>Aymbor&eacute;s</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo" tree`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The peepul tree; esp., the
very ancient tree standing at Anurajahpoora in Ceylon, grown from a slip of
the tree under which Gautama is said to have received the heavenly light
and so to have become Buddha.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sacred <i>bo tree</i> of the Buddhists (<i>Ficus
religiosa</i>), which is planted close to every temple, and attracts almost
as much veneration as the status of the god himself.  . . . It differs from
the banyan (<i>Ficus Indica</i>) by sending down no roots from its
branches.<BR>
<i>Tennent.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bot"ry*o*gen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>
cluster of grapes + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous sulphate of
iron of a deep red color. It often occurs in botryoidal form.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bot"ry*oid</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bot`ry*oid"al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i> cluster of grapes + <i>-oid</i>.]
<def>Having the form of a bunch of grapes; like a cluster of grapes, as a
mineral presenting an aggregation of small spherical or spheroidal
prominences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot"ry*o*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>
cluster of grapes + <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of
datolite, usually having a botryoidal structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot"ry*ose`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having the form of a cluster of grapes.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of the racemose or acropetal type of
inflorescence.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bots</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. <i>botus</i>
belly worm, <i>boiteag</i> maggot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
larv&aelig; of several species of botfly, especially those larv&aelig;
which infest the stomach, throat, or intestines of the horse, and are
supposed to be the cause of various ailments.</def> [Written also
<i>botts</i>.] See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Botfly</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bot*tine"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Boot</u> (for
the foot.).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small boot; a lady's boot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An appliance resembling a small boot furnished
with straps, buckles, etc., used to correct or prevent distortions in the
lower extremities of children.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bote</i>,
<i>botelle</i>, OF. <i>botel</i>, <i>bouteille</i>, F. <i>bouteille</i>,
fr. LL. <i>buticula</i>, dim. of <i>butis</i>, <i>buttis</i>, <i>butta</i>,
flask. Cf. <u>Butt</u> a cask.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hollow vessel,
usually of glass or earthenware (but formerly of leather), with a narrow
neck or mouth, for holding liquids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The contents of a bottle; as much as a bottle
contains; as, to drink a <i>bottle</i> of wine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Intoxicating liquor; as, to drown one's
reason in the <i>bottle</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Bottle</i> is much used adjectively, or as the first part of a
compound.</p>

<p><col><b>Bottle ale</b></col>, <cd>bottled ale.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i>
-- <col><b>Bottle brush</b></col>, <cd>a cylindrical brush for cleansing
the interior of bottles.</cd> -- <col><b>Bottle fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a kind of deep-sea eel (<i>Saccopharynx
ampullaceus</i>), remarkable for its baglike gullet, which enables it to
swallow fishes two or three times its won size.</cd> -- <col><b>Bottle
flower</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Bluebottle</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bottle glass</b></col>, <cd>a coarse, green glass, used in the
manufacture of bottles.</cd> <i>Ure.</i> -- <col><b>Bottle gourd</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common gourd or calabash (<i>Lagenaria
Vulgaris</i>), whose shell is used for bottles, dippers, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Bottle grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a nutritious fodder grass
(<i>Setaria glauca</i> and <i>S. viridis</i>); -- called also
<i>foxtail</i>, and <i>green foxtail</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bottle
tit</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European long-tailed titmouse; -
- so called from the shape of its nest.</cd> -- <col><b>Bottle
tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an Australian tree (<i>Sterculia
rupestris</i>), with a bottle-shaped, or greatly swollen, trunk.</cd> --
<col><b>Feeding bottle</b></col>, <col><b>Nursing bottle</b></col>, <cd>a
bottle with a rubber nipple (generally with an intervening tube), used in
feeding infants.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bottled</u> (&?;) <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bottling</u> (&?;).] <def>To put into bottles; to inclose in, or as in,
a bottle or bottles; to keep or restrain as in a bottle; as, to
<i>bottle</i> wine or porter; to <i>bottle</i> up one's wrath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>botel</i>, OF.
<i>botel</i>, dim. of F. <i>botte</i>; cf. OHG. <i>bozo</i> bunch. See
<u>Boss</u> stud.] <def>A bundle, esp. of hay.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Put into bottles; inclosed in bottles; pent up in, or as in, a
bottle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the shape of a bottle; protuberant.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tle green`</hw> (&?;) <def>A dark shade of green, like that of
bottle glass.</def> -- <wf>Bot"tle-green`</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tle*head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A cetacean allied to the grampus; -- called also <i>bottle-nosed
whale</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are several species so named, as the pilot whales, of the
genus <i>Globicephalus</i>, and one or more species of
<i>Hypero&ouml;don</i> (<i>H. bidens</i>, etc.), found on the European
coast. See <u>Blackfish</u>, 1.</p>

<p><hw>Bot"tle*hold`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who attends a pugilist in a prize fight; -- so called from the
bottle of water of which he has charge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who assists or supports another in a
contest; an abettor; a backer.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lord Palmerston considered himself the <i>bottleholder</i>
of oppressed states.<BR>
<i>The London Times.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tle-nose`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cetacean of the Dolphin family, of several
species, as <i>Delphinus Tursio</i> and <i>Lagenorhyncus leucopleurus</i>,
of Europe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The puffin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tle-nosed`</hw> (-n&omacr;zd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the nose bottle-shaped, or large at the end.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tler</hw> (b&obreve;t"tl&etilde;r/), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who bottles wine, beer, soda water, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tle*screw`</hw> (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
corkscrew.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tling</hw> (b&obreve;t"tl&ibreve;ng) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act or the process of putting anything into bottles (as beer,
mineral water, etc.) and corking the bottles.</def></p>

<p><! p. 170 !></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tom</hw> (b&obreve;t"t&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>botum</i>, <i>botme</i>, AS. <i>botm</i>; akin to OS. <i>bodom</i>, D.
<i>bodem</i>, OHG. <i>podam</i>, G. <i>boden</i>, Icel. <i>botn</i>,
Sw. <i>botten</i>, Dan. <i>bund</i> (for <i>budn</i>), L. <i>fundus</i>
(for <i>fudnus</i>), Gr. <grk>pyqmh`n</grk> (for <grk>fyqmh`n</grk>), Skr.
<i>budhna</i> (for <i>bhudhna</i>), and Ir. <i>bonn</i> sole of the foot,
W. <i>bon</i> stem, base.  &radic;257.  Cf. 4th <u>Found</u>, <u>Fund</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The lowest part of anything;
the foot; as, the <i>bottom</i> of a tree or well; the <i>bottom</i> of a
hill, a lane, or a page.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or dive into the <i>bottom</i> of the deep.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part of anything which is beneath the
contents and supports them, as the part of a chair on which a person sits,
the circular base or lower head of a cask or tub, or the plank floor of a
ship's hold; the under surface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Barrels with the <i>bottom</i> knocked out.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No two chairs were alike; such high backs and low backs and
leather <i>bottoms</i> and worsted <i>bottoms</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That upon which anything rests or is founded, in
a literal or a figurative sense; foundation; groundwork.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The bed of a body of water, as of a river, lake,
sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The fundament; the buttocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An abyss.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Low land formed by alluvial deposits along a
river; low-lying ground; a dale; a valley.</def> "The <i>bottoms</i> and
the high grounds."  <i>Stoddard.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The part of a ship which is
ordinarily under water; hence, the vessel itself; a ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My ventures are not in one <i>bottom</i> trusted.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Not to sell the teas, but to return them to London in
the<BR>
same <i>bottoms</i> in which they were shipped.<BR>
<i>Bancroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Full bottom</b></col>, <cd>a hull of such shape as permits
carrying a large amount of merchandise.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Power of endurance; as, a horse of a good
<i>bottom</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Dregs or grounds; lees; sediment.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At bottom</b></col>, <col><b>At the bottom</b></col>, <cd>at the
foundation or basis; in reality.</cd> "He was <i>at the bottom</i> a good
man." <i>J. F. Cooper.</i> -- <col><b>To be at the bottom of</b></col>,
<cd>to be the cause or originator of; to be the source of.</cd> [Usually in
an opprobrious sense.] <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>was at the bottom of</i> many excellent counsels.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p> -- <col><b>To go to the bottom</b></col>, <cd>to sink; esp. to be
wrecked.</cd> -- <col><b>To touch bottom</b></col>, <cd>to reach the lowest
point; to find something on which to rest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tom</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
bottom; fundamental; lowest; under; as, <i>bottom</i> rock; the
<i>bottom</i> board of a wagon box; <i>bottom</i> prices.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bottom glade</b></col>, <cd>a low glade or open place; a valley;
a dale.</cd>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p> -- <col><b>Bottom grass</b></col>, <cd>grass growing on bottom
lands.</cd> -- <col><b>Bottom land</b></col>. <cd>See 1st <u>Bottom</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tom</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bottomed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bottoming</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To found or build upon; to fix upon as a
support; -- followed by <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Action is supposed to be <i>bottomed</i> upon principle.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Those false and deceiving grounds upon which many
<i>bottom</i> their eternal state].<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a bottom; as, to <i>bottom</i> a
chair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reach or get to the bottom of.</def>
<i>Smiles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tom</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
rest, as upon an ultimate support; to be based or grounded; -- usually with
<i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Find on what foundation any proposition <i>bottoms</i>.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reach or impinge against the bottom, so as to
impede free action, as when the point of a cog strikes the bottom of a
space between two other cogs, or a piston the end of a cylinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tom</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>botme</i>, perh. corrupt.
for <i>button</i>. See <u>Button</u>.] <def>A ball or skein of thread; a
cocoon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Silkworms finish their <i>bottoms</i> in . . . fifteen
days.<BR>
<i>Mortimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tom</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wind round something,
as in making a ball of thread.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As you unwind her love from him,<BR>
Lest it should ravel and be good to none,<BR>
You must provide to <i>bottom</i> it on me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tomed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having at the
bottom, or as a bottom; resting upon a bottom; grounded; -- mostly, in
composition; as, sharp-<i>bottomed</i>; well-<i>bottomed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tom*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a bottom;
hence, fathomless; baseless; as, a <i>bottomless</i> abyss.</def>
"Bottomless speculations."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tom*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 1st <u>Bottom</u>
in sense 8: cf.D. <i>bodemerij</i>. Cf. <u>Bummery</u>.] <i>(Mar.Law)</i>
<def>A contract in the nature of a mortgage, by which the owner of a ship,
or the master as his agent, hypothecates and binds the ship (and sometimes
the accruing freight) as security for the repayment of money advanced or
lent for the use of the ship, if she terminates her voyage successfully. If
the ship is lost by perils of the sea, the lender loses the money; but if
the ship arrives safe, he is to receive the money lent, with the interest
or premium stipulated, although it may, and usually does, exceed the legal
rate of interest. See <u>Hypothecation</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bot"ton*y</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bot"to*n&eacute;</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>boutonn&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>boutonner</i> to
bud, button.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having a bud or button, or a kind of
trefoil, at the end; furnished with knobs or buttons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cross bottony</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>a cross having each
arm terminating in three rounded lobes, forming a sort of trefoil.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Botts</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Bots</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bot"u*li*form`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>botulus</i>
sausage + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the shape of a
sausage.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bouche</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Same as
<u>Bush</u>, a lining.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bouche</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Bush</u>, to
line.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Bouche</hw>, <hw>Bouch</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>bouche</i> mouth, victuals.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mouth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An allowance of meat and drink for the tables of
inferior officers or servants in a nobleman's palace or at court.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bou`ch&eacute;es"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.,
morsels, mouthfuls, fr. <i>bouche</i> mouth.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Small
patties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boud</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A weevil; a worm that
breeds in malt, biscuit, etc.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bou*doir"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>bouder</i>
to pout, be sulky.] <def>A small room, esp. if pleasant, or elegantly
furnished, to which a lady may retire to be alone, or to receive intimate
friends; a lady's (or sometimes a gentleman's) private room.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bouffe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., buffoon.] <def>Comic
opera. See <u>Opera Bouffe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bou`gain*vil*l&aelig;`a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named
from <i>Bougainville</i>, the French navigator.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of plants of the order Nyctoginace&aelig;, from tropical South America,
having the flowers surrounded by large bracts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bouge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bouged</u> (&?;)] [Variant of <i>bulge</i>. Cf.
<u>Bowge</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swell out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bilge.</def> [Obs.] "Their ship
<i>bouged</i>."  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bouge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stave in; to
bilge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bouge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bouche</i> mouth, victuals.]
<def>Bouche (see <u>Bouche</u>, 2); food and drink; provisions.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote> [They] made room for a bombardman that brought <i>bouge</i>
for a country lady or two, that fainted . . . with fasting.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bou"get</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>bougette</i>
sack, bag. Cf. <u>Budget</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A charge representing a
leather vessel for carrying water; -- also called <i>water
bouget</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bough</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bogh</i>, AS.
<i>b&omacr;g</i>, <i>b&omacr;h</i>, bough,     shoulder; akin to Icel.
<i>b&omacr;gr</i> shoulder, bow of a ship, Sw. <i>bog</i>, Dan. <i>bov</i>,
OHG. <i>buog</i>, G. <i>bug</i>, and to Gr.&?; ( for &?; ) forearm, Skr.
<i>b&amacr;hu</i> (for <i>bh&amacr;ghu</i>) arm. &radic;88, 251. Cf.
<u>Bow</u> of a ship.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An arm or branch of a tree, esp. a large arm or
main branch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gallows.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bought</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>bugt</i> bend,
turning, Icel. <i>bug&?;a</i>. Cf. <u>Bight</u>, <u>Bout</u>, and see
<u>Bow</u> to bend.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flexure; a bend; a twist; a turn; a coil, as
in a rope; as the <i>boughts</i> of a serpent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>boughts</i> of the fore legs.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part of a sling that contains the
stone.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bought</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Buy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bought</hw>, <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Purchased;
bribed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bought"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Purchased; not
obtained or produced at home.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bought"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bending.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bou*gie"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bougie</i> wax
candle, bougie, fr. <i>Bougie</i>, <i>Bugia</i>, a town of North Africa,
from which these candles were first imported into Europe.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A long, flexible instrument, that
is</def></p>

<p>introduced into the urethra, esophagus, etc., to remove obstructions, or
for the other purposes. It was originally made of waxed linen rolled into
cylindrical form.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A long slender rod consisting of
gelatin or some other substance that melts at the temperature of the body.
It is impregnated with medicine, and designed for introduction into
urethra, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bou`illi"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>bouillir</i> to boil.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Boiled or stewed meat; beef
boiled with vegetables in water from which its gravy is to be made; beef
from which bouillon or soup has been made.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bou`illon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>bouillir</i> to boil.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A nutritious liquid food
made by boiling beef, or other meat, in water; a clear soup or
broth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An excrescence on a horse's frush
or frog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bouk</hw> (b&oomac;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>b&umacr;c</i>
belly; akin to G. <i>bauch</i>, Icel. <i>b&umacr;kr</i> body.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The body.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bulk; volume.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Boul</hw> (b&oomac;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A curved
handle.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bou*lan"ger*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Boulanger</i>, a French mineralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a
bluish gray color and metallic luster, usually in plumose masses, also
compact.  It is a sulphide of antimony and lead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boul"der</hw> (b&omacr;l"d&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Bowlder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boul"der*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
bowlders.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Boule</hw> (&?;), <hw>Boule"work`</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Buhl</u>, <u>Buhlwork</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bou"le*vard`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>boulevard</i>, <i>boulevart</i>, fr. G. <i>bollwerk</i>. See
<u>Bulwark</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a bulwark or rampart of
fortification or fortified town.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A public walk or street occupying the site of
demolished fortifications. Hence: A broad avenue in or around a
city.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Boule`verse`ment"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>bouleverser</i> to overthrow.] <def>Complete overthrow; disorder; a
turning upside down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boult</hw> (b&omacr;lt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Corrupted form
<u>Bolt</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Boul"tel</hw> (&?;), <hw>Boul"tin</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A molding, the
convexity of which is one fourth of a circle, being a member just below the
abacus in the Tuscan and Roman Doric capital; a torus; an ovolo.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the shafts of a clustered column.</def>
[Written also <i>bowtel</i>, <i>boltel</i>, <i>boultell</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Boul"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A long, stout fishing line to which many hooks are attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boun</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Bound</u> ready.]
<def>Ready; prepared; destined; tending.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boun</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make or get ready.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bounce</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bounced</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bouncing</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>bunsen</i>; cf. D. <i>bonzen</i> to strike,
bounce, <i>bons</i> blow, LG. <i>bunsen</i> to knock; all prob. of
imitative origin.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike or thump, so as to rebound, or to make
a sudden noise; a knock loudly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Another <i>bounces</i> as hard as he can knock.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Against his bosom <i>bounced</i> his heaving heart.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To leap or spring suddenly or unceremoniously;
to bound; as, she <i>bounced</i> into the room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Out <i>bounced</i> the mastiff.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bounced</i> off his arm+chair.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To boast; to talk big; to bluster.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bounce</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
drive against anything suddenly and violently; to bump; to thump.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to bound or rebound; sometimes, to
toss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To eject violently, as from a room; to discharge
unceremoniously, as from employment.</def> [Collog. U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bully; to scold.</def> [Collog.]  <i>J.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bounce</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden leap or bound; a rebound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A heavy, sudden, and often noisy, blow or
thump.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bounce</i> burst open the door.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An explosion, or the noise of one.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Bluster; brag; untruthful boasting; audacious
exaggeration; an impudent lie; a bouncer.</def>  <i>Johnson.  De
Quincey.&?;</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A dogfish of Europe
(<i>Scyllium catulus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bounce</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a sudden leap;
suddenly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This impudent puppy comes <i>bounce</i> in upon me.<BR>
<i>Bickerstaff.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boun"cer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who bounces; a large, heavy person who makes much noise in
moving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boaster; a bully.</def> [Collog.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bold lie; also, a liar.</def> [Collog.]
<i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something big; a good stout example of the
kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stone must be a <i>bouncer</i>.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boun"cing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Stout; plump and healthy; lusty; buxom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many tall and <i>bouncing</i> young ladies.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessive; big.</def> "A <i>bouncing</i>
reckoning."  <i>B. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bouncing Bet</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common soapwort
(<i>Saponaria officinalis</i>).</cd>  <i>Harper's Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boun"cing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a
bounce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bound</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bounde</i>,
<i>bunne</i>, OF. <i>bonne</i>, <i>bonde</i>, <i>bodne</i>, F.
<i>borne</i>, fr. LL. <i>bodina</i>, <i>bodena</i>, <i>bonna</i>; prob. of
Celtic origin; cf. Arm. <i>bonn</i> boundary, limit, and <i>boden</i>,
<i>bod</i>, a tuft or cluster of trees, by which a boundary or limit could
be marked. Cf. <u>Bourne</u>.] <def>The external or limiting line, either
real or imaginary, of any object or space; that which limits or restrains,
or within which something is limited or restrained; limit; confine; extent;
boundary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath compassed the waters with <i>bounds</i>.<BR>
<i>Job xxvi. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>On earth's remotest <i>bounds</i>.<BR>
<i>Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And mete the <i>bounds</i> of hate and love.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To keep within bounds</b></col>, <cd>not to exceed or pass
beyond assigned limits; to act with propriety or discretion</cd>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Boundary</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bound</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bounding</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To limit; to terminate; to fix the furthest
point of extension of; -- said of natural or of moral objects; to lie
along, or form, a boundary of; to inclose; to circumscribe; to restrain; to
confine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where full measure only <i>bounds</i> excess.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Phlegethon . . .<BR>
Whose fiery flood the burning empire <i>bounds</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To name the boundaries of; as, to <i>bound</i>
France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bound</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>bondir</i> to leap, OF.
<i>bondir</i>, <i>bundir</i>, to leap, resound, fr. L. <i>bombitare</i> to
buzz, hum, fr. <i>bombus</i> a humming, buzzing. See <u>Bomb</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move with a sudden spring or leap, or with a
succession of springs or leaps; as the beast <i>bounded</i> from his den;
the herd <i>bounded</i> across the plain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before his lord the ready spaniel <i>bounds</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And the waves <i>bound</i> beneath me as a steed<BR>
That knows his rider.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rebound, as an elastic ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bound</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
to bound or leap; as, to <i>bound</i> a horse.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to rebound; to throw so that it will
rebound; as, to <i>bound</i> a ball on the floor.</def> [Collog.]</p>

<p><hw>Bound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leap; an
elastic spring; a jump.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>bound</i> of graceful hardihood.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rebound; as, the <i>bound</i> of a ball.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Dancing)</i> <def>Spring from one foot to the
other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bound</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Bind</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bound</hw>, <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>  <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Restrained by a hand, rope, chain, fetters, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclosed in a binding or cover; as, a
<i>bound</i> volume.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Under legal or moral restraint or
obligation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Constrained or compelled; destined; certain; --
followed by the infinitive; as, he is <i>bound</i> to succeed; he is
<i>bound</i> to fail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Resolved; as, I am <i>bound</i> to do it.</def>
[Collog. U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Constipated; costive.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Used also in composition; as, ice<i>bound</i>, wind<i>bound</i>,
hide<i>bound</i>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Bound bailiff</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a sheriff's
officer who serves writs, makes arrests, etc. The sheriff being answerable
for the bailiff's misdemeanors, the bailiff is usually under <i>bond</i>
for the faithful discharge of his trust.</cd> -- <col><b>Bound up
in</b></col>, <cd>entirely devoted to; inseparable from</cd>.</p>

<p><hw>Bound</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Past p. of OE. <i>bounen</i> to
prepare, fr. <i>boun</i> ready, prepared, fr. Icel. <i>b&umacr;inn</i>, p.
p. of <i>b&umacr;a</i> to dwell, prepare; akin to E. <i>boor</i> and
<i>bower</i>. See <u>Bond</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Busk</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Ready or intending to go; on the way toward;
going; -- with <i>to</i> or <i>for</i>, or with an adverb of motion; as, a
ship is <i>bound</i> to Cadiz, or <i>for</i> Cadiz.</def> "The mariner
<i>bound</i> homeward."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bound"a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Boundaries</b></plw> (&?;) [From <u>Bound</u> a limit; cf. LL.
<i>bonnarium</i> piece of land with fixed limits.] <def>That which
indicates or fixes a limit or extent, or marks a bound, as of a territory;
a bounding or separating line; a real or imaginary limit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But still his native country lies<BR>
Beyond the <i>boundaries</i> of the skies.<BR>
<i>N. Cotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote> That bright and tranquil stream, the <i>boundary</i> of
Louth and Meath.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Sensation and reflection are the <i>boundaries</i> of our
thoughts.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Limit; bound; border; term; termination; barrier; verge;
confines; precinct. <u>Bound</u>, <u>Boundary</u>. <i>Boundary</i>, in its
original and strictest sense, is a visible object or mark indicating a
limit. <i>Bound</i> is the limit itself. But in ordinary usage the two
words are made interchangeable.</p>

<p><hw>Bound"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p &amp; a.</i></pos> [Old. p. p. of
<i>bind</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bound; fastened by bonds.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 171 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Under obligation; bound by some favor rendered;
obliged; beholden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This holy word, that teacheth us truly our <i>bounden</i>
duty toward our Lord God in every point.<BR>
<i>Ridley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Made obligatory; imposed as a duty;
binding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am much <i>bounden</i> to your majesty.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bound"er</hw> (bound"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, limits; a boundary.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bound"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moving with a bound or
bounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bounding</i> pulse, the languid limb.<BR>
<i>Montgomery.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bound"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without bounds or
confines; illimitable; vast; unlimited.</def> "The <i>boundless</i> sky."
<i>Bryant.</i>  "The <i>boundless</i> ocean." <i>Dryden.</i>
"<i>Boundless</i> rapacity."  "<i>Boundless</i> prospect of gain."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unlimited; unconfined; immeasurable; illimitable;
infinite.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Bound"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Bound"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Boun"te*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bountevous</i>,
fr. <i>bounte</i> bounty.] <def>Liberal in charity; disposed to give
freely; generously liberal; munificent; beneficent; free in bestowing
gifts; as, <i>bounteous</i> production.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But O, thou <i>bounteous</i> Giver of all good.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Boun"te*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Boun"te*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Boun"ti*ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free in giving; liberal in bestowing gifts and
favors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God, the <i>bountiful</i> Author of our being.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plentiful; abundant; as, a <i>bountiful</i>
supply of food.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Liberal; munificent; generous; bounteous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Boun"ti*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Boun"ti*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Boun"ti*head</hw> (&?;), <hw>Boun"ty*hood</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Goodness; generosity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boun"ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bounties</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>bounte</i> goodness, kindness, F.
<i>bont&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>bonitas</i>, fr. <i>bonus</i> good, for
older <i>duonus</i>; cf. Skr. <i>duvas</i> honor, respect.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Goodness, kindness; virtue; worth.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nature set in her at once beauty with <i>bounty</i>.<BR>
<i>Gower.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liberality in bestowing gifts or favors;
gracious or liberal giving; generosity; munificence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>bounty</i> is as boundless as the sea.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is given generously or
liberally.</def> "Thy morning <i>bounties</i>."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A premium offered or given to induce men to
enlist into the public service; or to encourage any branch of industry, as
husbandry or manufactures.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bounty jumper</b></col>, <cd>one who, during the latter part of
the Civil War, enlisted in the United States service, and deserted as soon
as possible after receiving the bounty.</cd> [Collog.] -- <col><b>Queen
Anne's bounty</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>a provision made in Queen
Anne's reign for augmenting poor clerical livings.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Munificence; generosity; beneficence.</p>

<p><hw>Bou*quet"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bouquet</i> bunch,
bunch of flowers, trees, feathers, for <i>bousquet</i>, <i>bosquet</i>,
thicket, a little wood, dim. of LL. <i>boscus</i>. See <u>Bush</u> thicket,
and cf. <u>Bosket</u>, <u>Busket</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A nosegay; a bunch of flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A perfume; an aroma; as, the <i>bouquet</i> of
wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bou`que*tin"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ibex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bour</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bower</u> a chamber.]
<def>A chamber or a cottage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bour"bon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the castle and
seigniory of <i>Bourbon</i> in central France.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A member of a family which has occupied several
European thrones, and whose descendants still claim the throne of
France.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A politician who is behind the age; a ruler or
politician who neither forgets nor learns anything; an obstinate
conservative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bour"bon*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The principles of
those adhering to the house of Bourbon; obstinate conservatism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bour"bon*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who adheres to the
house of Bourbon; a legitimist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bour"bon whis"ky</hw>. <def>See under <u>Whisky</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bourd</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bourde</i> fib, lie,
OF. <i>borde</i>, <i>bourde</i>, jest, joke.] <def>A jest.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bourd</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To jest.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bourd"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A jester.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bour"don</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>burdo</i>
mule, esp. one used for carrying litters. Cf. Sp. <i>muleta</i> a young she
mule; also, crutch, prop.] <def>A pilgrim's staff.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bour"don`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Burden</u> a
refrain.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A drone bass, as in a
bagpipe, or a hurdy-gurdy. See <u>Burden</u> (of a song.)</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind of organ stop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bour*geois"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From a French type
founder named <i>Bourgeois</i>, or fr. F. <i>bourgeois</i> of the middle
class; hence applied to an intermediate size of type between brevier and
long primer: cf. G. <i>bourgeois</i>, <i>borgis</i>. Cf. <u>Burgess</u>.]
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>A size of type between long primer and brevier. See
<u>Type</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This line is printed in <i>bourgeois</i> type.</p>

<p><hw>||Bour*geois"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>bourg</i>
town; of German origin. See <u>Burgess</u>.] <def>A man of middle rank in
society; one of the shopkeeping class.</def> [France.]</p>

<p><pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characteristic of the middle class, as in
France.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bour*geoi*sie"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The French
middle class, particularly such as are concerned in, or dependent on,
trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bour"geon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>burjoun</i> a
bud, <i>burjounen</i> to bud, F. <i>bourgeon</i> a bud, <i>bourgeonner</i>
to bud; cf. OHG. <i>burjan</i> to raise.] <def>To sprout; to put forth
buds; to shoot forth, as a branch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gayly to <i>bourgeon</i> and broadly to grow.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Bou"ri</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mullet (<i>Mugil capito</i>) found in the rivers
of Southern Europe and in Africa.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bourn</hw>, <hw>Bourne</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>burne</i>, <i>borne</i>, AS. <i>burna</i>; akin to OS. <i>brunno</i>
spring, G. <i>born</i>, <i>brunnen</i>, OHG. <i>prunno</i>, Goth.
<i>brunna</i>, Icel. <i>brunnr</i>, and perh. to Gr. &?;. The root is prob.
that of <i>burn</i>, v., because the source of a stream seems to issue
forth bubbling and boiling from the earth. Cf. <u>Torrent</u>, and see
<u>Burn</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A stream or rivulet; a
burn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My little boat can safely pass this perilous
<i>bourn</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bourn</hw>, <hw>Bourne</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>borne</i>. See <u>Bound</u> a limit.] <def>A bound; a boundary; a limit.
Hence: Point aimed at; goal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the land slopes to its watery <i>bourn</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The undiscovered country, from whose <i>bourn</i><BR>
No traveler returns.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Sole <i>bourn</i>, sole wish, sole object of my song.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To make the doctrine . . . their intellectual
<i>bourne</i>.<BR>
<i>Tyndall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bourn"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a bourn or
limit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bour"non*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Count
<i>Bournon</i>, a mineralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a steel-
gray to black color and metallic luster, occurring crystallized, often in
twin crystals shaped like cogwheels (wheel ore), also massive. It is a
sulphide of antimony, lead, and copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bour*nous"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Burnoose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bour*r&eacute;e</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An old French dance tune in common time.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bourse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bourse</i> purse,
exchange, LL. <i>bursa</i>, fr. Gr.&?; skin, hide, of which a purse was
usually made. Cf. <u>Purse</u>, <u>Burse</u>.] <def>An exchange, or place
where merchants, bankers, etc., meet for business at certain hours; esp.,
the Stock Exchange of Paris.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bouse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drink
immoderately; to carouse; to booze. See <u>Booze</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bouse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Drink, esp. alcoholic drink;
also, a carouse; a booze.</def> "A good <i>bouse</i> of liquor."
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bous"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A toper; a
boozer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bou`stro*phe"don</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; turning
like oxen in plowing; &?; to turn.] <def>An ancient mode of writing, in
alternate directions, one line from left to right, and the next from right
to left (as fields are plowed), as in early Greek and Hittite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bou*stroph`e*don"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to the boustrophedon made of writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bou*stroph"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>boystro`fos</grk> ox-guiding.] <def>Boustrophedonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bousy</hw> (b&oomac;"z&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drunken;
sotted; boozy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In his cups the <i>bousy</i> poet songs.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bout</hw> (bout), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A different spelling and
application of <i>bought</i> bend.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>As much of an
action as is performed at one time; a going and returning, as of workmen in
reaping, mowing, etc.; a turn; a round.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In notes with many a winding <i>bout</i><BR>
Of linked sweetness long drawn out.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The prince . . . has taken me in his train, so that I am in
no danger of starving for this <i>bout</i>.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A conflict; contest; attempt; trial; a set-to at
anything; as, a fencing <i>bout</i>; a drinking <i>bout</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gentleman will, for his honor's sake, have one
<i>bout</i> with you; he can not by the duello avoid it.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bou*tade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>bouter</i> to
thrust. See <u>Butt</u>.] <def>An outbreak; a caprice; a whim.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Boute"feu</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; <i>bouter</i> to
thrust, put + <i>feu</i> fire.] <def>An incendiary; an inciter of
quarrels.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Animated by . . . John &agrave; Chamber, a very
<i>boutefeu</i>, . . . they entered into open rebellion.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Bou`ton`ni&egrave;re"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
buttonhole.] <def>A bouquet worn in a buttonhole.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bouts`-ri*m&eacute;s"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>bout</i> end + <i>rim&eacute;</i> rhymed.] <def>Words that rhyme,
proposed as the ends of verses, to be filled out by the ingenuity of the
person to whom they are offered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"vate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>bovata</i>, fr.
<i>bos</i>, <i>bovis</i>, ox.] <i>(O.Eng.Law.)</i> <def>An oxgang, or as
much land as an ox can plow in a year; an ancient measure of land, of
indefinite quantity, but usually estimated at fifteen acres.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"vey coal`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of mineral coal,
or brown lignite, burning with a weak flame, and generally a disagreeable
odor; -- found at <i>Bovey</i> Tracey, Devonshire, England. It is of
geological age of the o&ouml;lite, and not of the true coal era.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"vid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bos</i>,
<i>bovis</i>, ox, cow.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Relating to that tribe of
ruminant mammals of which the genus <i>Bos</i> is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"vi*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bos</i>,
<i>bovis</i>, ox + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Resembling an ox in form; ox-
shaped.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bo"vine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>bovinus</i>, fr.L.
<i>bos</i>, <i>bovis</i>, ox, cow: cf. F. <i>bovine</i>. See
<u>Cow</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
genus <i>Bos</i>; relating to, or resembling, the ox or cow; oxlike; as,
the <i>bovine</i> genus; a <i>bovine</i> antelope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having qualities characteristic of oxen or cows;
sluggish and patient; dull; as, a <i>bovine</i> temperament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bovine</i> gaze of gaping rustics.<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bow</hw> (bou), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bowed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bowing</u>.] [OE. <i>bowen</i>, <i>bogen</i>, <i>bugen</i>, AS.
<i>b&umacr;gan</i> (generally v. i.); akin to D. <i>buigen</i>, OHG.
<i>biogan</i>, G. <i>biegen</i>, <i>beugen</i>, Icel. <i>boginn</i> bent,
<i>beygja</i> to bend, Sw. <i>b&ouml;ja</i>, Dan. <i>b&ouml;ie</i>,
<i>bugne</i>, Coth. <i>biugan</i>; also to L. <i>fugere</i> to flee, Gr.
&?;, and Skr. <i>bhuj</i> to bend. &radic;88. Cf. <u>Fugitive</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to deviate from straightness; to bend;
to inflect; to make crooked or curved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>bow</i> things the contrary way, to make them come to
their natural straightness.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole nation <i>bowed</i> their necks to the worst kind
of tyranny.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exercise powerful or controlling influence
over; to bend, figuratively; to turn; to incline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adversities do more <i>bow</i> men's minds to religion.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Not to <i>bow</i> and bias their opinions.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bend or incline, as the head or body, in
token of respect, gratitude, assent, homage, or condescension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They came to meet him, and <i>bowed</i> themselves to the
ground before him.<BR>
<i>2 Kings ii. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to bend down; to prostrate; to
depress,;&?; to crush; to subdue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose heavy hand hath <i>bowed</i> you to the grave.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To express by bowing; as, to <i>bow</i> one's
thanks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow</hw> (bou), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bend; to curve.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stop.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>They stoop, they <i>bow</i> down together.<BR>
<i>Is. xlvi. 2&?;</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bend the head, knee, or body, in token of
reverence or submission; -- often with <i>down</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O come, let us worship and <i>bow</i> down: let us kneel
before the Lord our maker.<BR>
<i>Ps. xcv. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To incline the head in token of salutation,
civility, or assent; to make bow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Admired, adored by all circling crowd,<BR>
For wheresoe'er she turned her face, they <i>bowed</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bow</hw> (bou), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inclination of the
head, or a bending of the body, in token of reverence, respect, civility,
or submission; an obeisance; as, a <i>bow</i> of deep humility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow</hw> (b&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bowe</i>,
<i>boge</i>, AS. <i>boga</i>, fr. AS. <i>b&umacr;gan</i> to bend; akin to
D. <i>boog</i>, G. <i>bogen</i>, Icel. <i>bogi</i>. See <u>Bow</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything bent, or in the form of a curve, as the
rainbow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do set my <i>bow</i> in the cloud.<BR>
<i>Gen. ix. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weapon made of a strip of wood, or other
elastic material, with a cord connecting the two ends, by means of which an
arrow is propelled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An ornamental knot, with projecting loops,
formed by doubling a ribbon or string.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The U-shaped piece which embraces the neck of an
ox and fastens it to the yoke.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An appliance consisting of an
elastic rod, with a number of horse hairs stretched from end to end of it,
used in playing on a stringed instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An arcograph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mech. &amp; Manuf.)</i> <def>Any instrument
consisting of an elastic rod, with ends connected by a string, employed for
giving reciprocating motion to a drill, or for preparing and arranging the
hair, fur, etc., used by hatters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rude sort of quadrant formerly
used for taking the sun's altitude at sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Saddlery)</i> <pos><i>sing. or pl.</i></pos>
<def>Two pieces of wood which form the arched forward part of a
saddletree.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bow bearer</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>an under officer
of the forest who looked after trespassers.</cd> -- <col><b>Bow
drill</b></col>, <cd>a drill worked by a bow and string.</cd> --
<col><b>Bow instrument</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>any stringed instrument
from which the tones are produced by the bow.</cd> -- <col><b>Bow
window</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See <u>Bay window</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To draw a long bow</b></col>, <cd>to lie; to exaggerate.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Bow</hw> (b&omacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bowed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bowing</u>.] <def>To play (music) with a bow.</def> -- <pos><i>v. i.
</i></pos> <def>To manage the bow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow</hw> (b&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>b&omacr;gr</i>
shoulder, bow of a ship. See <u>Bough</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The bending or rounded part of a
ship forward; the stream or prow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One who rows in the forward part
of a boat; the bow oar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bow chaser</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a gun in the bow for
firing while chasing another vessel.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p>- <col><b>Bow piece</b></col>, <cd>a piece of ordnance carried at the
bow of a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>On the bow</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>on
that part of the horizon within 45&deg; on either side of the line
ahead.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Bow"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
bowed or bent; flexible; easily influenced; yielding.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bow"bell`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One born within
hearing distance of Bow-bells; a cockney.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bow"-bells`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The bells of
Bow Church in London; cockneydom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>People born within the sound of <i>Bow-bells</i> are usually
called cockneys.<BR>
<i>Murray's Handbook of London.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bow"bent`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bent, like a
bow.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bow"-com`pass</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bow-compasses</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An arcograph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small pair of compasses, one leg of which
carries a pencil, or a pen, for drawing circles. Its legs are often
connected by a bow-shaped spring, instead of by a joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pair of compasses, with a bow or arched plate
riveted to one of the legs, and passing through the other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bouel</i>,
<i>bouele</i>, OF. <i>boel</i>, <i>boele</i>, F. <i>boyau</i>, fr. L.
<i>botellus</i> a small sausage, in LL. also intestine, dim. of L.
<i>botulus</i> sausage.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the intestines of an animal; an entrail,
especially of man; a gut; -- generally used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He burst asunder in the midst, and all his <i>bowels</i>
gushed out.<BR>
<i>Acts i. 18.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Hence, figuratively: The interior
part of anything; as, the <i>bowels</i> of the earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His soldiers . . . cried out amain,<BR>
And rushed into the <i>bowels</i> of the battle.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The seat of pity or kindness. Hence:
Tenderness; compassion.</def> "Thou thing of no <i>bowels</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bloody Bonner, that corpulent tyrant, full (as one said) of
guts, and empty of <i>bowels</i>.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Offspring.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bow"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Boweled</u> or <u>Bowelled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Boweling</u> or <u>Bowelling</u>.] <def>To take out the bowels of; to
eviscerate; to disembowel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"eled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>bowelled</i>.] <def>Having bowels; hollow.</def> "The <i>boweled</i>
cavern."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bow"el*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without pity.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bow"en*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From G.T. <i>Bowen</i>,
who analyzed it in 1822.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hard, compact variety of
serpentine found in Rhode Island. It is of a light green color and
resembles jade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"wer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Bow</u>, <pos><i>v.
& n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who bows or bends.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An anchor carried at the bow of a
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A muscle that bends a limb, esp. the arm.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His rawbone arms, whose mighty brawned <i>bowers</i><BR>
Were wont to rive steel plates and helmets hew.</blockquote><BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Best bower</b></col>, <col><b>Small bower</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>the Note under Anchor</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 172 !></p>

<p><hw>Bow"er</hw> (bou"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>bauer</i> a
peasant. So called from the figure sometimes used for the knave in cards.
See <u>Boor</u>.] <def>One of the two highest cards in the pack commonly
used in the game of euchre.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Right bower</b></col>, <cd>the knave of the trump suit, the
highest card (except the "Joker") in the game.</cd> -- <col><b>Left
bower</b></col>, <cd>the knave of the other suit of the same color as the
trump, being the next to the right bower in value.</cd> -- <col><b>Best
bower</b></col> or <col><b>Joker</b></col>, <cd>in some forms of euchre and
some other games, an extra card sometimes added to the pack, which takes
precedence of all others as the highest card.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bow"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bour</i>, <i>bur</i>,
room, dwelling, AS. <i>b&umacr;r</i>, fr. the root of AS. <i>b&umacr;an</i>
to dwell; akin to Icel. <i>b&umacr;r</i> chamber, storehouse, Sw.
<i>b&umacr;r</i> cage, Dan. <i>buur</i>, OHG. <i>p&umacr;r</i> room, G.
<i>bauer</i> cage, <i>bauer</i> a peasant. &radic;97] Cf.<u>Boor</u>,
<u>Byre</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anciently, a chamber; a lodging room; esp., a
lady's private apartment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me my lute in bed now as I lie,<BR>
And lock the doors of mine unlucky <i>bower</i>.<BR>
<i>Gascoigne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rustic cottage or abode; poetically, an
attractive abode or retreat.</def>  <i>Shenstone.  B. Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shelter or covered place in a garden, made
with boughs of trees or vines, etc., twined together; an arbor; a shady
recess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To embower; to
inclose.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bow"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lodge.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bow"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Bough</u>, cf.
<u>Brancher</u>.] <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>A young hawk, when it begins to
leave the nest.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bow"er bird`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An Australian bird
(<i>Ptilonorhynchus violaceus or holosericeus</i>), allied to the starling,
which constructs singular bowers or playhouses of twigs and decorates them
with bright-colored objects; the satin bird.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to other related birds of the same
region, having similar habits; as, the spotted <i>bower bird</i>
(<i>Chalmydodera maculata</i>), and the regent bird (<i>Sericulus
melinus</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Bow"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shading, like a
bower; full of bowers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>bowery</i> maze that shades the purple streams.<BR>
<i>Trumbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bow"er*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Boweries</b></plw> (&?;). [D. <i>bouwerij</i>.] <def>A farm or
plantation with its buildings.</def> [U.S.Hist.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The emigrants [in New York] were scattered on
<i>boweries</i> or plantations; and seeing the evils of this mode of living
widely apart, they were advised, in 1643 and 1646, by the Dutch
authorities, to gather into "villages, towns, and hamlets, as the English
were in the habit of doing."<BR>
<i>Bancroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bow"er*y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characteristic of the
street called the <u>Bowery</u>, in New York city; swaggering;
flashy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"ess</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Bower</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bow"fin`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
voracious ganoid fish (<i>Amia calva</i>) found in the fresh waters of the
United States; the mudfish; -- called also <i>Johnny Grindle</i>, and
<i>dogfish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bowge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To swell out. See
<u>Bouge</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bowge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to leak.</def>
[Obs.] See <u>Bouge</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bow"grace`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
frame or fender of rope or junk, laid out at the sides or bows of a vessel
to secure it from injury by floating ice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow" hand`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Archery)</i> <def>The
hand that holds the bow, <i>i. e.</i>, the left hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Surely he shoots wide on the <i>bow hand</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The hand that draws the bow, <i>i.
e.</i>, the right hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The great Arctic or Greenland whale. (<i>Bal&aelig;na mysticetus</i>).
See <u>Baleen</u>, and <u>Whale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"ie knife`</hw> (&?;). <def>A knife with a strong blade from ten
to fifteen inches long, and double-edged near the point; -- used as a
hunting knife, and formerly as a weapon in the southwestern part of the
United States. It was named from its inventor, Colonel James <i>Bowie</i>.
Also, by extension, any large sheath knife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or art of managing the bow in playing on
stringed instruments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bowing</i> constitutes a principal part of the art of the
violinist, the violist, etc.<BR>
<i>J. W. Moore.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In hatmaking, the act or process of separating
and distributing the fur or hair by means of a bow, to prepare it for
felting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"ing*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a bending
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"knot`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A knot in which a
portion of the string is drawn through in the form of a loop or bow, so as
to be readily untied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bowl</hw> (b&omacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bolle</i>, AS.
<i>bolla</i>; akin to Icel. <i>bolli</i>, Dan. <i>bolle</i>, G.
<i>bolle</i>, and perh. to E. <i>boil</i> a tumor. Cf. <u>Boll</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A concave vessel of various forms (often
approximately hemispherical), to hold liquids, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brought them food in <i>bowls</i> of basswood.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a drinking vessel for wine or
other spirituous liquors; hence, convivial drinking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The contents of a full bowl; what a bowl will
hold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The hollow part of a thing; as, the <i>bowl</i>
of a spoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bowl</hw> (b&omacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>boule</i>, fr. L.
<i>bulla</i> bubble, stud. Cf. <u>Bull</u> an edict, <u>Bill</u> a
writing.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ball of wood or other material used for
rolling on a level surface in play; a ball of hard wood having one side
heavier than the other, so as to give it a bias when rolled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An ancient game, popular in Great
Britain, played with biased balls on a level plat of greensward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like an uninstructed bowler, . . . who thinks to attain the
jack by delivering his <i>bowl</i> straightforward upon it.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl</i>. <def>The game of tenpins or bowling.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bowl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bowled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bowling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To roll, as a bowl or cricket
ball.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Break all the spokes and fellies from her wheel,<BR>
And <i>bowl</i> the round nave down the hill of heaven.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To roll or carry smoothly on, or as on, wheels;
as, we were <i>bowled</i> rapidly along the road.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pelt or strike with anything
rolled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alas, I had rather be set quick i' the earth,<BR>
And <i>bowled</i> to death with turnips&?;<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To bowl</b></col> (a player) <col><b>out</b></col>, <cd>in
cricket, to put out a striker by knocking down a bail or a stump in
bowling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bowl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play
with bowls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To roll a ball on a plane, as at cricket, bowls,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move rapidly, smoothly, and like a ball; as,
the carriage <i>bowled</i> along.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bowl"der</hw>, <hw>Boul"der</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. Sw. <i>bullra</i> to roar, rattle, Dan. <i>buldre</i>, dial. Sw.
<i>bullersteen</i> larger kind of pebbles; perh. akin to E.
<i>bellow</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large stone, worn smooth or rounded by the
action of water; a large pebble.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A mass of any rock, whether
rounded or not, that has been transported by natural agencies from its
native bed. See <u>Drift</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bowlder clay</b></col>, <cd>the unstratified clay deposit of the
Glacial or Drift epoch, often containing large numbers of bowlders.</cd> --
<col><b>Bowlder wall</b></col>, <cd>a wall constructed of large stones or
bowlders.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bowl"der*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
bowlders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"leg`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A crooked leg.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bow"-legged`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having crooked
legs, esp. with the knees bent outward.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bowl"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who plays at
bowls, or who rolls the ball in cricket or any other game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
bow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"line</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>boelijn</i>,
Icel. <i>b&ouml;gl&iuml;na</i>&?;, Dan. <i>bovline</i>; properly the line
attached to the shoulder or side of the sail. See <u>Bow</u> (of a ship),
and <u>Line</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope fastened near the middle of
the leech or perpendicular edge of the square sails, by subordinate ropes,
called <i>bridles</i>, and used to keep the weather edge of the sail tight
forward, when the ship is closehauled.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bowline bridles</b></col>, <cd>the ropes by which the bowline is
fastened to the leech of the sail.</cd> -- <col><b>Bowline knot</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Illust.</i> <u>under Knot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>On a
bowline</b></col>, <cd>close-hauled or sailing close to the wind; -- said
of a ship.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bowl"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of playing at
or rolling bowls, or of rolling the ball at cricket; the game of bowls or
of tenpins.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bowling alley</b></col>, <cd>a covered place for playing at
bowls or tenpins.</cd> -- <col><b>Bowling green</b></col>, <cd>a level
piece of greensward or smooth ground for bowling, as the small park in
lower Broadway, New York, where the Dutch of New Amsterdam played this
game.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bowls</hw> (b&omacr;lz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bowl</u>, a ball, a game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bowmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who uses a bow; an
archer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole city shall flee for the noise of the horsemen and
<i>bowmen</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. iv. 29.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bowman's root</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Indian
physic</i>, under <u>Indian</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bow"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The man
who rows the foremost oar in a boat; the bow oar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bowne</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Boun</u>.] <def>To
make ready; to prepare; to dress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We will all <i>bowne</i> ourselves for the banquet.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bow" net`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A trap for lobsters,
being a wickerwork cylinder with a funnel-shaped entrance at one
end.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A net for catching birds.</def>  <i>J. H.
Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bow" oar`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The oar used by the
bowman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who rows at the bow of a boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"-pen`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bow-compasses
carrying a drawing pen. See <u>Bow-compass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"-pen`cil</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bow-compasses,
one leg of which carries a pencil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"-saw`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A saw with a thin or
narrow blade set in a strong frame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bowse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Booze</u>, and
<u>Bouse</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carouse; to bouse; to booze.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To pull or haul; as, to
<i>bowse</i> upon a tack; to <i>bowse</i> away, <i>i. e.</i>, to pull all
together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bowse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A carouse; a drinking bout; a
booze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"shot`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The distance
traversed by an arrow shot from a bow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"sprit`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>   [<i>Bow</i> +
<i>sprit</i>; akin to D. <i>boegspriet</i>; <i>boeg</i> bow of a ship +
<i>spriet</i>, E. <i>sprit</i>, also Sw. <i>bogspr&ouml;t</i>, G.
<i>bugspriet</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A large boom or spar, which projects
over the stem of a ship or other vessel, to carry sail forward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bows"sen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drench; to
soak; especially, to immerse (in water believed to have curative
properties).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There were many <i>bowssening</i> places, for curing of mad
men.<BR>
 . . . If there appeared small amendment he was <i>bowssened</i> again and
again.<BR>
<i>Carew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bow"string`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The string of a bow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A string used by the Turks for strangling
offenders.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bowstring bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge formed of an arch of
timber or iron, often braced, the thrust of which is resisted by a tie
forming a chord of the arch.</cd> -- <col><b>Bowstring girder</b></col>,
<cd>an arched beam strengthened by a tie connecting its two ends.</cd> --
<col><b>Bowstring hemp</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the tenacious fiber of
the <i>Sanseviera Zeylanica</i>, growing in India and Africa, from which
bowstrings are made.</cd>  <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bow"string`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bowstringed</u> (&?;) or <u>Bowstrung</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bowstringing</u>.] <def>To strangle with a
bowstring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"stringed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p.a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with bowstring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Put to death with a bowstring;
strangled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"tel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Boultel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bow"wow`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An onomatopoetic name
for a dog or its bark.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Onomatopoetic;
as, the <i>bowwow</i> theory of language; a <i>bowwow</i> word.</def>
[Jocose.]</p>

<p><hw>Bow"yer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Bow</u>, like
<i>lawyer</i> from <i>law</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An archer; one who uses bow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who makes or sells bows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Box</hw> (b&obreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [As. <i>box</i>, L.
<i>buxus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;. See <u>Box</u> a case.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
tree or shrub, flourishing in different parts of the world. The common box
(<i>Buxus sempervirens</i>) has two varieties, one of which, the dwarf box
(<i>B. suffruticosa</i>), is much used for borders in gardens. The wood of
the tree varieties, being very hard and smooth, is extensively used in the
arts, as by turners, engravers, mathematical instrument makers,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Box elder</b></col>, <cd>the ash-leaved maple (<i>Negundo
aceroides</i>), of North America.</cd> -- <col><b>Box holly</b></col>,
<cd>the butcher's broom (<i>Russus aculeatus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Box
thorn</b></col>, <cd>a shrub (<i>Lycium barbarum</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Box
tree</b></col>, <cd>the tree variety of the common box.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Box</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Boxes</b></plw>
(&?;) [As. <i>box</i> a small case or vessel with a cover; akin to OHG.
<i>buhsa</i> box, G. <i>b&uuml;chse</i>; fr. L. <i>buxus</i> boxwood,
anything made of boxwood. See <u>Pyx</u>, and cf. <u>Box</u> a tree,
<u>Bushel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A receptacle or case of any firm
material and of various shapes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quantity that a box contain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A space with a few seats partitioned off in a
theater, or other place of public amusement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Laughed at by the pit, <i>box</i>, galleries, nay,
stage.<BR>
<i>Dorset.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>boxes</i> and the pit are sovereign judges.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A chest or any receptacle for the deposit of
money; as, a poor <i>box</i>; a contribution <i>box</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet since his neighbors give, the churl unlocks,<BR>
Damning the poor, his tripple-bolted <i>box</i>.<BR>
<i>J. Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A small country house.</def> "A shooting
<i>box</i>."  <i>Wilson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tight <i>boxes</i> neatly sashed.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A boxlike shed for shelter; as, a sentry
<i>box</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mach)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An axle box,
journal box, journal bearing, or bushing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
chamber or section of tube in which a valve works; the bucket of a lifting
pump.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The driver's seat on a carriage or
coach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A present in a box; a present; esp. a Christmas
box or gift.</def> "A Christmas <i>box</i>."  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>The square in which the
pitcher stands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Mediterranean food fish;
the bogue.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Box</i> is much used adjectively or in composition; as
<i>box</i> lid, <i>box</i> maker, <i>box</i> circle, etc.; also with
modifying substantives; as money <i>box</i>, letter <i>box</i>,
band<i>box</i>, hat<i>box</i> or hat <i>box</i>, snuff <i>box</i> or
snuff<i>box</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Box beam</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a beam made of metal
plates so as to have the form of a long box.</cd> -- <col><b>Box
car</b></col> <i>(Railroads)</i>, <cd>a freight car covered with a roof and
inclosed on the sides to protect its contents.</cd> -- <col><b>Box
chronometer</b></col>, <cd>a ship's chronometer, mounted in gimbals, to
preserve its proper position.</cd> -- <col><b>Box coat</b></col>, <cd>a
thick overcoat for driving; sometimes with a heavy cape to carry off the
rain.</cd> -- <col><b>Box coupling</b></col>, <cd>a metal collar uniting
the ends of shafts or other parts in machinery.</cd> -- <col><b>Box
crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a crab of the genus <i>Calappa</i>,
which, when at rest with the legs retracted, resembles a box.</cd> --
<col><b>Box drain</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a drain constructed with
upright sides, and with flat top and bottom.</cd> -- <col><b>Box
girder</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a box beam.</cd> -- <col><b>Box
groove</b></col> <i>(Metal Working)</i>, <cd>a closed groove between two
rolls, formed by a collar on one roll fitting between collars on
another.</cd>  <i>R. W. Raymond.</i> -- <col><b>Box metal</b></col>, an
alloy of copper and tin, or of zinc, lead, and antimony, for the bearings
of journals, etc. -- <col><b>Box plait</b></col>, <cd>a plait that doubles
both to the right and the left.</cd> -- <col><b>Box turtle</b></col> or
<col><b>Box tortoise</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a land tortoise or
turtle of the genera <i>Cistudo</i> and <i>Emys</i>; -- so named because it
can withdraw entirely within its shell, which can be closed by hinged
joints in the lower shell. Also, humorously, an exceedingly reticent
person.</cd>  <i>Emerson.</i> -- <col><b>In a box</b></col>, <cd>in a
perplexity or an embarrassing position; in difficulty.</cd> (Colloq.) --
<col><b>In the wrong box</b></col>, <cd>out of one's place; out of one's
element; awkwardly situated.</cd> (Colloq.)  <i>Ridley (1554)</i></p>

<p><hw>Box</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Boxed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Boxing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inclose in a box.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with boxes, as a wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>To inclose with boarding,
lathing, etc., so as to bring to a required form.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To box a tree</b></col>, <cd>to make an incision or hole in a
tree for the purpose of procuring the sap.</cd> -- <col><b>To box
off</b></col>, <cd>to divide into tight compartments.</cd> -- <col><b>To
box up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To put into a box in order to
save; as, he had <i>boxed up</i> twelve score pounds.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To confine; as, to be <i>boxed up</i> in narrow
quarters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Box</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.Dan. <i>baske</i> to slap,
<i>bask</i> slap, blow. Cf. <u>Pash</u>.] <def>A blow on the head or ear
with the hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A good-humored <i>box</i> on the ear.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Box</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fight with the fist; to
combat with, or as with, the hand or fist; to spar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Box</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strike with the hand or
fist, especially to strike on the ear, or on the side of the
head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Box</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.Sp. <i>boxar</i>, now spelt
<i>bojar</i>.] <def>To boxhaul.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To box off</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to turn the head of a
vessel either way by bracing the headyards aback.</cd> -- <col><b>To box
the compass</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to name the thirty-two points of
the compass in their order.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Box"ber`ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
wintergreen. (<i>Gaultheria procumbens</i>).</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><! p. 173 !></p>

<p><hw>Box"en</hw> (b&obreve;ks"'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of
boxwood; pertaining to, or resembling, the box (<i>Buxus</i>).</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The faded hue of sapless <i>boxen</i> leaves.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Box"er</hw> (b&obreve;ks"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who packs boxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Box"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who boxes; a
pugilist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Box"fish`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The trunkfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Box"haul`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Boxhauled</u> (&?;).] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To put (a vessel)
on the other tack by veering her short round on her heel; -- so called from
the circumstance of bracing the head yards abox (i. e., sharp aback, on the
wind).</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Box"haul`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A method
of going from one tack to another. See <u>Boxhaul</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Box"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of inclosing (anything) in a box, as for storage or
transportation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Material used in making boxes or
casings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any boxlike inclosure or recess; a
casing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The external case of thin
material used to bring any member to a required form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Box"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of fighting with the
fist; a combat with the fist; sparring.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Boxing glove</b></col>, <cd>a large padded mitten or glove used
in sparring for exercise or amusement.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Box"-i`ron</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hollow smoothing
iron containing a heater within.</def></p>

<p><hw>Box"keep`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An attendant at a
theater who has charge of the boxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Box"thorn`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the genus <i>Lycium</i>, esp. <i>Lycium barbarum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Box"wood`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wood of the box
(<i>Buxus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Boy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>boef</i>, Fries.
<i>boi</i>, <i>boy</i>; akin to G. <i>bube</i>, Icel. <i>bofi</i> rouge.]
<def>A male child, from birth to the age of puberty; a lad; hence, a
son.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My only <i>boy</i> fell by the side of great Dundee.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Boy</i> is often used as a term of comradeship, as in college,
or in the army or navy. In the plural used colloquially of members of an
associaton, fraternity, or party.</p>

<p><col><b>Boy bishop</b></col>, <cd>a boy (usually a chorister) elected
bishop, in old Christian sports, and invested with robes and other
insignia. He practiced a kind of mimicry of the ceremonies in which the
bishop usually officiated.</cd> -- <col><b>The Old Boy</b></col>, <cd>the
Devil.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>Yellow boys</b></col>, <cd>guineas.</cd>
[Slang, Eng.] -- <col><b>Boy's love</b></col>, <cd>a popular English name
of Southernwood (<i>Artemisia abrotonum</i>); -- called also <i>lad's
love</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Boy's play</b></col>, <cd>childish amusements;
anything trifling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Boy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act as a boy; -- in
allusion to the former practice of boys acting women's parts on the
stage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall see<BR>
Some squeaking Cleopatra <i>boy</i> my greatness.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bo*yar"</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bo*yard"</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>boi&aacute;rin'</i>.] <def>A member of a
Russian aristocratic order abolished by Peter the Great. Also, one of a
privileged class in Roumania.</def></p>

<p>&fist; English writers sometimes call Russian landed proprietors
<i>boyars</i>.</p>

<p><hw>||Boy"au</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Boyaux</b></plw> or <plw><b>Boyaus</b></plw> (&?;). [F.
<i>boyau</i> gut, a long and narrow place, and (of trenches) a branch. See
<u>Bowel</u>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A winding or zigzag trench forming a
path or communication from one siegework to another, to a magazine,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boy"cott`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Boycotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Boycotting</u>.] [From Captain <i>Boycott</i>, a land agent in Mayo,
Ireland, so treated in 1880.] <def>To combine against (a landlord,
tradesman, employer, or other person), to withhold social or business
relations from him, and to deter others from holding such relations; to
subject to a boycott.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boy"cott</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process, fact, or
pressure of boycotting; a combining to withhold or prevent dealing or
social intercourse with a tradesman, employer, etc.; social and business
interdiction for the purpose of coercion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boy"cott`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A participant in
boycotting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boy"cott*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Methods of
boycotters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boy"de*kin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dagger; a
bodkin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Boy"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>boeijer</i>; -- so
called because these vessels were employed for laying the <i>boeijen</i>,
or buoys: cf. F. <i>boyer</i>. See <u>Buoy</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
Flemish sloop with a castle at each end.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boy"hood</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Boy</i> + <i>-
hood</i>.] <def>The state of being a boy; the time during which one is a
boy.</def>  <i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boy"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a boy in a
manners or opinions; belonging to a boy; childish; trifling;
puerile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>boyish</i>, odd conceit.<BR>
<i>Baillie.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Boy"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a boyish manner;
like a boy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boy"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The manners or behavior
of a boy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boy"ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Boyhood.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The nature of a boy; childishness.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boyle's" law`</hw> (&?;). <def>See under <u>Law</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bo"za</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bosa</u>.] <def>An
acidulated fermented drink of the Arabs and Egyptians, made from millet
seed and various astringent substances; also, an intoxicating beverage made
from hemp seed, darnel meal, and water.</def> [Written also <i>bosa</i>,
<i>bozah</i>, <i>bouza</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bra*bant"ine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
Brabant, an ancient province of the Netherlands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brab"ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [D. <i>brabbelen</i> to
talk confusedly. &?;95. Cf. <u>Blab</u>, <u>Babble</u>.] <def>To clamor; to
contest noisily.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Brab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A broil; a noisy contest; a
wrangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This petty <i>brabble</i> will undo us all.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brab"ble*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brabble.</def>
[R.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brab"bler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A clamorous,
quarrelsome, noisy fellow; a wrangler.</def> [R]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brac"cate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bracatus</i>
wearing breeches, fr. <i>bracae</i> breeches.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Furnished with feathers which conceal the feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brace</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>brace</i>,
<i>brasse</i>, the two arms, embrace, fathom, F. <i>brasse</i> fathom, fr.
L. <i>bracchia</i> the arms (stretched out), pl. of <i>bracchium</i> arm;
cf. Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which holds anything tightly or
supports it firmly; a bandage or a prop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cord, ligament, or rod, for producing or
maintaining tension, as a cord on the side of a drum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The little bones of the ear drum do in straining and
relaxing it as the <i>braces</i> of the war drum do in that.<BR>
<i>Derham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being braced or tight;
tension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The laxness of the tympanum, when it has lost its
<i>brace</i> or tension.<BR>
<i>Holder.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch. &amp; Engin.)</i> <def>A piece of material used
to transmit, or change the direction of, weight or pressure; any one of the
pieces, in a frame or truss, which divide the structure into triangular
parts. It may act as a tie, or as a strut, and serves to prevent distortion
of the structure, and transverse strains in its members. A boiler
<i>brace</i> is a diagonal stay, connecting the head with the
shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A vertical curved line
connecting two or more words or lines, which are to be taken together;
thus, <i>boll</i>, <i>bowl</i>; or, in music, used to connect
staves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope reeved through a block at
the end of a yard, by which the yard is moved horizontally; also, a rudder
gudgeon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A curved instrument or handle of
iron or wood, for holding and turning bits, etc.; a bitstock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A pair; a couple; as, a <i>brace</i> of ducks;
now rarely applied to persons, except familiarly or with some
contempt.</def> "A <i>brace</i> of greyhounds."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is said to have shot . . . fifty <i>brace</i> of
pheasants.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>brace</i> of brethren, both bishops, both eminent for
learning and religion, now appeared in the church.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>But you, my <i>brace</i> of lords.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Straps or bands to sustain trousers;
suspenders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I embroidered for you a beautiful pair of <i>braces</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Harness; warlike preparation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For that it stands not in such warlike <i>brace</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Armor for the arm; vantbrace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The mouth of a shaft.</def>
[Cornwall]</p>

<p><col><b>Angle brace</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Angle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brace</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Braced</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bracing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with braces; to
support; to prop; as, to <i>brace</i> a beam in a building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw tight; to tighten; to put in a state of
tension; to strain; to strengthen; as, to <i>brace</i> the
nerves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And welcome war to <i>brace</i> her drums.<BR>
<i>Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bind or tie closely; to fasten
tightly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The women of China, by <i>bracing</i> and binding them from
their infancy, have very little feet.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Some who spurs had first <i>braced</i> on.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To place in a position for resisting pressure;
to hold firmly; as, he <i>braced</i> himself against the crowd.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sturdy lance in his right hand he <i>braced</i>.<BR>
<i>Fairfax.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To move around by means of
braces; as, to <i>brace</i> the yards.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To brace about</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to turn (a yard)
round for the contrary tack.</cd> -- <col><b>To brace a yard</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to move it horizontally by means of a brace.</cd> --
<col><b>To brace in</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to turn (a yard) by
hauling in the weather brace.</cd> -- <col><b>To brace one's
self</b></col>, <cd>to call up one's energies.</cd> "He <i>braced
himself</i> for an effort which he was little able to make." <i>J. D.
Forbes.</i> -- <col><b>To brace to</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to turn (a
yard) by checking or easing off the lee brace, and hauling in the weather
one, to assist in tacking.</cd> -- <col><b>To brace up</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to bring (a yard) nearer the direction of the keel by
hauling in the lee brace.</cd> -- <col><b>To brace up sharp</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to turn (a yard) as far forward as the rigging will
permit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brace</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To get tone or vigor; to
rouse one's energies; -- with <i>up</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Brace"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bracelet</i>, dim.
of OF. <i>bracel</i> armlet, prop. little arm, dim. of <i>bras</i> arm, fr.
L. <i>bracchium</i>. See <u>Brace</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ornamental band or ring, for the wrist or the
arm; in modern times, an ornament encircling the wrist, worn by women or
girls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of defensive armor for the arm.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bra"cer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which braces, binds, or makes firm; a band or bandage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A covering to protect the arm of the bowman from
the vibration of the string; also, a brassart.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A medicine, as an astringent or a tonic, which
gives tension or tone to any part of the body.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brach</hw> (br&abreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.  <i>brache</i> a
kind of scenting hound or setting dog, OF. <i>brache</i>, F. <i>braque</i>,
fr. OHG. <i>braccho</i>, G. <i>bracke</i>; possibly akin to E.
<i>fragrant</i>, fr. L. <i>fragrare</i> to smell.] <def>A bitch of the
hound kind.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Brach*el"y*tra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
(&?;) short + &?; a covering.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of beetles
having short elytra, as the rove beetles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Brach"i*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Brachium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brach"i*al</hw> (&?;) or (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>brachialis</i> (<i>bracch</i>-), from <i>bracchium</i> (<i>bracch</i>-)
arm: cf. F. <i>brachial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining or belonging to the arm; as, the <i>brachial</i> artery;
the <i>brachial</i> nerve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of an arm; resembling an
arm.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Brach`i*a"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Brachiate</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of the Crinoidea,
including those furnished with long jointed arms. See
<u>Crinoidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brach"i*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>brachiatus</i>
(<i>bracch</i>-) with boughs or branches like arms, from <i>brackium</i>
(<i>bracch</i>-) arm.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having branches in pairs,
decussated, all nearly horizontal, and each pair at right angles with the
next, as in the maple and lilac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brach`i*og"a*noid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Brachioganoidei.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Brach`i*o*ga*noid"e*i</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from L. <i>brachium</i> (<i>bracch</i>-) arm + NL. <i>ganoidei</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of ganoid fishes of which the bichir of
Africa is a living example. See <u>Crossopterygii</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Brach`i*o*la"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L.  <i>brachiolum</i> (<i>bracch</i>-), dim. of <i>brachium</i>
(<i>bracch</i>-) arm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A peculiar early larval
stage of certain starfishes, having a bilateral structure, and swimming by
means of bands of vibrating cilia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brach"i*o*pod</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>brachiopode</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Brachiopoda, or
its shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Brach`i*op"o*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; arm + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class of Molluscoidea
having a symmetrical bivalve shell, often attached by a fleshy
peduncle.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Within the shell is a pair of "arms," often long and spirally
coiled, bearing rows of ciliated tentacles by which a current of water is
made to flow into the mantle cavity, bringing the microscopic food to the
mouth between the bases of the arms. The shell is both opened and closed by
special muscles. They form two orders; <i>Lyopoma</i>, in which the shell
is thin, and without a distinct hinge, as in <i>Lingula</i>; and
<i>Arthropoma</i>, in which the firm calcareous shell has a regular hinge,
as in <i>Rhynchonella</i>. See <u>Arthropomata</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Brach"i*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bracchia</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>brachium</i> or <i>bracchium</i>,
arm.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The upper arm; the segment of the fore limb
between the shoulder and the elbow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brach"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Brachmanae</i>,
pl., Gr. &?;.] <def>See <u>Brahman</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Brach`y*cat`a*lec"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>brachy`s</grk> short + &?; to leave off; cf. &?; incomplete.] <i>(Gr.
& Last. Pros.)</i> <def>A verse wanting two syllables at its
termination.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Brach`y*ce*phal"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Brach`y*ceph"a*lous</hw> (&?;)
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>brachy`s</grk> short + &?; head.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the skull short in proportion to its breadth;
shortheaded; -- in distinction from <i>dolichocephalic</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Brach`y*ceph"a*ly</hw> (&?;), <hw>Brach`y*ceph"a*lism</hw> (&?;)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>Brachyc&eacute;phalie</i>] .
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The state or condition of being brachycephalic;
shortness of head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bra*chyc"er*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>brachy`s</grk> short + &?; horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having
short antenn&aelig;, as certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brach`y*di*ag"o*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>brachy`s</grk> short + E. <i>diagonal</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the
shorter diagonal, as of a rhombic prism.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Brachydiagonal axis</b></col>, <cd>the shorter lateral axis of
an orthorhombic crystal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brach`y*di*ag"o*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The shorter of
the diagonals in a rhombic prism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brach`y*dome</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>brachy`s</grk> short + E. <i>dome</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A
dome parallel to the shorter lateral axis. See <u>Dome</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bra*chyg"ra*pher</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer in
short hand; a stenographer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He asked the <i>brachygrapher</i> whether he wrote the notes
of the sermon.<BR>
<i>Gayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bra*chyg"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>brachy`s</grk> short + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>brachygraphie</i>.]
<def>Stenography.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bra*chyl"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; :
<grk>brachy`s</grk> short + &?; discourse: cf. F. <i>brachylogie</i>.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Conciseness of expression; brevity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brach`y*pin"a*coid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>brachy`s</grk> short + E. <i>pinacoid</i>.] <i>(Crytallog.)</i> <def>A
plane of an orthorhombic crystal which is parallel both to the vertical
axis and to the shorter lateral (brachydiagonal) axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bra*chyp"te*ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; short-winged; <grk>brachy`s</grk> short + &?; feather, wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of Coleoptera having short wings; the rove
beetles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bra*chyp"te*res</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Brachyptera</u>. ] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of birds, including
auks, divers, and penguins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bra*chyp"ter*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; : cf. F.
<i>brachypt&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having short
wings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bra*chys"to*chrone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Incorrect for
<i>brachistochrone</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>bra`chistos</grk> shortest (superl. of
<grk>brachy`s</grk> short) + &?; time : cf. F. <i>brachistochrone</i>. ]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>A curve, in which a body, starting from a given point,
and descending solely by the force of gravity, will reach another given
point in a shorter time than it could by any other path. This <i>curve of
quickest descent</i>, as it is sometimes called, is, in a vacuum, the same
as the <i>cycloid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brach"y*ty`pous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; short +
&?; stamp, form.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Of a short form.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Brach`y*u"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>brachy`s</grk> short + &?; tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
decapod Crustacea, including the common crabs, characterized by a small and
short abdomen, which is bent up beneath the large cephalo-thorax. [Also
spelt <i>Brachyoura</i>.] See <u>Crab</u>, and <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Brach`y*u"ral</hw> (&?;), <hw>Brach`y*u"rous</hw> (&?;) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>brachyure</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the Brachyura.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brach`y*u"ran</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Brachyura.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bra"cing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imparting strength or
tone; strengthening; invigorating; as, a <i>bracing</i> north
wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bra"cing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of strengthening, supporting, or propping, with a brace or
braces; the state of being braced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>Any system of braces; braces,
collectively; as, the <i>bracing</i> of a truss.</def></p>

<p><! p. 174 !></p>

<p><hw>Brack</hw> (br&abreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.D. <i>braak</i>,
Dan. <i>br&aelig;k</i>, a breaking, Sw. &amp; Icel. <i>brak</i> a crackling,
creaking. Cf. <u>Breach</u>.] <def>An opening caused by the parting of any
solid body; a crack or breach; a flaw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stain or <i>brack</i> in her sweet reputation.<BR>
<i>J. Fletcher.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>brak</i>, adj., salt; cf.
LG. <i>wrak</i> refuse, G. <i>brack</i>.] <def>Salt or brackish
water.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brack"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>braken</i>, AS.
<i>bracce</i>. See <u>2d Brake</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A brake or
fern.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brack"et</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.OF. <i>braguette</i>
codpiece, F. <i>brayette</i>, Sp. <i>bragueta</i>, also a projecting mold
in architecture; dim. fr.L. <i>bracae</i> breeches; cf. also, OF.
<i>bracon</i> beam, prop, support; of unknown origin. Cf.
<u>Breeches</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An architectural member, plain or
ornamental, projecting from a wall or pier, to support weight falling
outside of the same; also, a decorative feature seeming to discharge such
an office.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This is the more general word. See <u>Brace</u>,
<u>Cantalever</u>, <u>Console</u>, <u>Corbel</u>, <u>Strut</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engin. &amp; Mech.)</i> <def>A piece or combination
of pieces, usually triangular in general shape, projecting from, or
fastened to, a wall, or other surface, to support heavy bodies or to
strengthen angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A shot, crooked timber,
resembling a knee, used as a support.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The cheek or side of an ordnance
carriage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>One of two characters [], used
to inclose a reference, explanation, or note, or a part to be excluded from
a sentence, to indicate an interpolation, to rectify a mistake, or to
supply an omission, and for certain other purposes; -- called also
<i>crotchet</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A gas fixture or lamp holder projecting from the
face of a wall, column, or the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bracket light</b></col>, <cd>a gas fixture or a lamp attached to
a wall, column, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brack"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bracketed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bracketing</u>] <def>To place within brackets; to connect by brackets;
to furnish with brackets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brack"et*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A series
or group of brackets; brackets, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brack"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Brack</u> salt
water.] <def>Saltish, or salt in a moderate degree, as water in saline
soil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Springs in deserts found seem sweet, all <i>brackish</i>
though they be.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brack"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being brackish, or somewhat salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brack"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Brackish.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bract</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bractea</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A leaf, usually smaller than the
true leaves of a plant, from the axil of which a flower stalk arises.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any modified leaf, or scale, on a flower stalk or
at the base of a flower.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Bracts</i> are often inconspicuous, but sometimes large and
showy, or highly colored, as in many cactaceous plants. The spathes of
aroid plants are conspicuous forms of bracts.</p>

<p><hw>||Brac"te*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a thin plate of
metal or wood, gold foil.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A bract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brac"te*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>bract&eacute;al</i>.] <def>Having the nature or appearance of a
bract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brac"te*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.L.
<i>bracteatus</i> covered with gold plate.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a
bract or bracts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bract"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Furnished with bracts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brac"te*o*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Furnished with bracteoles or bractlets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brac"te*ole</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bracteola</i>,
dim. of <i>bractea</i>. See <u>Bractea</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Bractlet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bract"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Destitute
of bracts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bract"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bract</i> + <i>-
let</i>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A bract on the stalk of a single flower, which
is itself on a main stalk that support several flowers.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brad</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.OE. <i>brod</i>, Dan.
<i>braad</i> prick, sting, <i>brodde</i> ice spur, frost nail, Sw.
<i>brodd</i> frost nail, Icel. <i>broddr</i> any pointed piece of iron or
stell; akin to AS. <i>brord</i> point, spire of grass, and perh. to E.
<i>bristle</i>. See <u>Bristle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A thin nail,
usually small, with a slight projection at the top on one side instead of a
head; also, a small wire nail, with a flat circular head; sometimes, a
small, tapering, square-bodied finishing nail, with a countersunk
head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brad" awl`</hw> (&?;). <def>A straight awl with chisel edge, used to
make holes for brads, etc.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bra*doon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bridoon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Brae</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bray</u> a hill.]
<def>A hillside; a slope; a bank; a hill.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brag</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bragged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bragging</u>.] [OE. <i>braggen</i> to resound, blow, boast (cf. F.
<i>braguer</i> to lead a merry life, flaunt, boast, OF. <i>brague</i>
merriment), from Icel. <i>braka</i> to creak, <i>brak</i> noise, fr. the
same root as E. <i>break</i>; properly then, to make a noise, boast.
&?;<u>95</u>.] <def>To talk about one's self, or things pertaining to one's
self, in a manner intended to excite admiration, envy, or wonder; to talk
boastfully; to boast; -- often followed by <i>of</i>; as, to <i>brag</i> of
one's exploits, courage, or money, or of the great things one intends to
do.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conceit, more rich in matter than in words,<BR>
<i>Brags</i> of his substance, not of ornament.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To swagger; boast; vapor; bluster; vaunt; flourish; talk
big.</p>

<p><hw>Brag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To boast of.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A boast or
boasting; bragging; ostentatious pretense or self glorification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>C&aelig;sar . . . made not here his <i>brag</i><BR>
Of "came," and "saw," and "overcame."<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing which is boasted of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beauty is Nature's <i>brag</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A game at cards similar to bluff.</def>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brag</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Brag</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>Brisk; full of spirits; boasting; pretentious;
conceited.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>brag</i> young fellow.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brag</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Proudly; boastfully.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brag`ga*do"cio</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Braggadocchio</i>, a boastful character in Spenser's "Fa&euml;rie
Queene."] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A braggart; a boaster; a swaggerer.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Empty boasting; mere brag; pretension.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brag"gard*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Braggart</u>.] <def>Boastfulness; act of bragging.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brag"gart</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bragard</i>
flaunting, vain, bragging. See <u>Brag</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A
boaster.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, I could play the woman with mine eyes,<BR>
 And <i>braggart</i> with my tongue.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brag"gart</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Boastful.</def> --
<wf>Brag"gart*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Brag"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who brags; a
boaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brag"get</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>braket</i>,
<i>bragot</i>, fr. W. <i>bragawd</i>, <i>bragod</i>, fr. <i>brag</i> malt.]
<def>A liquor made of ale and honey fermented, with spices, etc.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brag"ging`ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Boastingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brag"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without bragging.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brag"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner to be bragged
of; finely; proudly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brah"ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Brahman</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Hindoo Myth.)</i> <def>The One First Cause; also,
one of the triad of Hindoo gods. The triad consists of <i>Brahma</i>, the
Creator, <i>Vishnu</i>, the Preserver, and <i>Siva</i>, the
Destroyer.</def></p>

<p>&fist; According to the Hindoo religious books, <i>Brahma</i> (with the
final <i>a</i> short), or <i>Brahm</i>, is the Divine Essence, the One
First Cause, the All in All, while the personal gods, <i>Brahm&aacute;</i>
(with the final <i>a</i> long), Vishnu, and Siva, are emanations or
manifestations of Brahma the Divine Essence.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A valuable variety of large,
domestic fowl, peculiar in having the comb divided lengthwise into three
parts, and the legs well feathered. There are two breeds, the dark or
penciled, and the light; -- called also <i>Brahmapootra</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Brah"man</hw> (&?;), <hw>Brah"min</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>  <plw><b>Brahmans</b></plw>,
<plw><b>Brahmins</b></plw>. [Skr. <i>Br&amacr;hmana</i> (cf. <i>Brahman</i>
worship, holiness; the God Brahma, also Brahman): cf. F. <i>Brahmane</i>,
<i>Brachmane</i>, <i>Bramine</i>, L. <i>Brachmanae</i>, <i>-manes</i>, <i>-
mani</i>, pl., Gr. &?;, pl.] <def>A person of the highest or sacerdotal
caste among the Hindoos.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Brahman bull</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the male of a
variety of the zebu, or Indian ox, considered sacred by the
Hindoos.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brah"man*ess</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Brahmani.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brah"man*i</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fem. of
<i>Brahman</i>.] <def>Any Brahman woman.</def> [Written also
<i>Brahmanee</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Brah*man"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>-ic*al</hw>   (&?;),
<hw>Brah*min"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>*ic*al</hw> (&?;),} <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Brahmans or to their doctrines and
worship.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Brah"man*ism</hw> (&?;), <hw>Brah"min*ism</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The religion or system of doctrines of the
Brahmans; the religion of Brahma.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Brah"man*ist</hw> (&?;), <hw>Brah"min*ist</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent of the religion of the
Brahmans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brah"mo*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The religious
system of Brahmo-somaj.</def>  <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brah`mo-so*maj"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Bengalese, a
worshiping assembly.] <def>A modern reforming theistic sect among the
Hindoos.</def> [Written also <i>Brama-samaj</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Braid</hw> (br&amacr;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &. p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Braided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Braiding</u>.] [OE. <i>braiden</i>, <i>breiden</i>, to pull, reach,
braid, AS. <i>bregdan</i> to move to and fro, to weave; akin. to Icel.
<i>breg&eth;a</i>, D. <i>breiden</i> to knit, OS. <i>bregdan</i> to weave,
OHG. <i>brettan</i> to brandish. Cf. <u>Broid</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To weave, interlace, or entwine together, as
three or more strands or threads; to form into a braid; to plait.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Braid</i> your locks with rosy twine.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mingle, or to bring to a uniformly soft
consistence, by beating, rubbing, or straining, as in some culinary
operations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reproach. [Obs.] See <u>Upbraid</u>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Braid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
plait, band, or narrow fabric formed by intertwining or weaving together
different strands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>braid</i> of hair composed of two different colors
twined together.<BR>
<i>Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow fabric, as of wool, silk, or linen,
used for binding, trimming, or ornamenting dresses, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Braid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.Icel. <i>breg&?;a</i> to move
quickly.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quick motion; a start.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sackville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fancy; freak; caprice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R.
Hyrde.</i></p>

<p><hw>Braid</hw> <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To start; to awake.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Braid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>br&aelig;d</i>,
<i>bred</i>, deceit; akin to Icel. <i>brag&eth;</i> trick, AS.
<i>bredan</i>, <i>bregdan</i>, to braid, knit, (hence) to knit a net, to
draw into a net, <i>i. e.</i>, to deceive. See <u>Braid</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Deceitful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Since Frenchmen are so <i>braid</i>,<BR>
Marry that will, I live and die a maid.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Braid"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of making or using braids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Braids, collectively; trimming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gentleman enveloped in mustachios, whiskers, fur collars,
and <i>braiding</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brail</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brayle</i> furling
rope, OF. <i>braiol</i> a band placed around the breeches, fr.F.
<i>braies</i>, pl., breeches, fr.L.  <i>braca</i>, <i>bracae</i>, breeches,
a Gallic word; cf. Arm. <i>bragez</i>.  Cf. <u>Breeches</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>A thong of soft leather to
bind up a hawk's wing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Ropes passing through
pulleys, and used to haul in or up the leeches, bottoms, or corners of
sails, preparatory to furling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stock at each end of a seine to keep it
stretched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To haul up
by the brails; -- used with <i>up</i>; as, <i>to brail</i> up a
sail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brain</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brain</i>,
<i>brein</i>, AS. <i>bragen</i>, <i>br&aelig;gen</i>; akin to LG.
<i>br&auml;gen</i>, <i>bregen</i>, D. <i>brein</i>, and perh. to Gr. &?;,
the upper part of head, if &?; =&?;. &radic;95.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The whitish mass of soft matter
(the center of the nervous system, and the seat of consciousness and
volition) which is inclosed in the cartilaginous or bony cranium of
vertebrate animals. It is simply the anterior termination of the spinal
cord, and is developed from three embryonic vesicles, whose cavities are
connected with the central canal of the cord; the cavities of the vesicles
become the central cavities, or ventricles, and the walls thicken unequally
and become the three segments, the fore-, mid-, and hind-brain.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the brain of man the cerebral lobes, or largest part of the
forebrain, are enormously developed so as to overhang the cerebellum, the
great lobe of the hindbrain, and completely cover the lobes of the
midbrain. The surface of the cerebrum is divided into irregular ridges, or
convolutions, separated by grooves (the so-called fissures and sulci), and
the two hemispheres are connected at the bottom of the longitudinal fissure
by a great transverse band of nervous matter, the <i>corpus callosum</i>,
while the two halves of the cerebellum are connected on the under side of
the brain by the bridge, or <i>pons Varolii</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The anterior or cephalic
ganglion in insects and other invertebrates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The organ or seat of intellect; hence, the
understanding.</def> " My <i>brain</i> is too dull."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, often used in the plural.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The affections; fancy; imagination.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To have on the brain</b></col>, <cd>to have constantly in one's
thoughts, as a sort of monomania.</cd> [Low]</p>

<p><col><b>Brain box</b></col> or <col><b>case</b></col>, <cd>the bony on
cartilaginous case inclosing the brain.</cd> -- <col><b>Brain
coral</b></col>, <col><b>Brain stone coral</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>,
<cd>a massive reef-building coral having the surface covered by ridges
separated by furrows so as to resemble somewhat the surface of the brain,
esp. such corals of the genera <i>M&aelig;andrina</i> and
<i>Diploria</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Brain fag</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>brain weariness. See <u>Cerebropathy</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Brain
fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>fever in which the brain is specially
affected; any acute cerebral affection attended by fever.</cd> --
<col><b>Brain sand</b></col>, <cd>calcareous matter found in the pineal
gland.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brain</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brained</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Braining</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dash out the brains of; to kill by beating
out the brains. Hence, Fig.: To destroy; to put an end to; to
defeat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There thou mayst <i>brain</i> him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It was the swift celerity of the death . . . <BR>
That <i>brained</i> my purpose.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To conceive; to understand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>&?;T is still a dream, or else such stuff as madmen<BR>
Tongue, and <i>brain</i> not.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brained</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p.a.</i></pos> <def>Supplied with
brains.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If th' other two be <i>brained</i> like us.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brain"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hot-headed; furious.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brain"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without understanding;
silly; thoughtless; witless.</def> -- <wf>Brain"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Brain"pan`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Brain</i> +
<i>pan</i>.] <def>The bones which inclose the brain; the skull; the
cranium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brain"sick`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disordered in the
understanding; giddy; thoughtless.</def> -- <wf>Brain"sick*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Brain"sick`ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a brainsick
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brain"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an active or
vigorous mind.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Braise</hw>, <hw>Braize</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So
called from its iridescent colors.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European
marine fish (<i>Pagrus vulgaris</i>) allied to the American scup; the
becker. The name is sometimes applied to the related species.</def> [Also
written <i>brazier</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Braise</hw>, <hw>Braize</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Charcoal powder; breeze.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Braised meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Braise</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>braiser</i>, fr.
<i>braise</i> coals.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>To stew or broil in a covered
kettle or pan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>braising</i> kettle has a deep cover which holds coals;
consequently the cooking is done from above, as well as below.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Henderson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brais"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kettle or pan for
braising.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brait</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.W. <i>braith</i>
variegated, Ir. <i>breath</i>, <i>breagh</i>, fine, comely.] <def>A rough
diamond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Braize</hw> (br&amacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Braise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brake</hw> (br&amacr;k), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Break</u>.</def> [Arhaic]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brake</i> fern; cf. AS.
<i>bracce</i> fern, LG.  <i>brake</i> willow bush, Da. <i>bregne</i> fern,
G. <i>brach</i> fallow; prob. orig. the growth on rough, broken ground, fr.
the root of E. <i>break</i>. See <u>Break</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, cf.
<u>Bracken</u>, and 2d <u>Brake</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fern of the genus <i>Pteris</i>,
esp. the <i>P. aquilina</i>, common in almost all countries. It has
solitary stems dividing into three principal branches. Less properly: Any
fern.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thicket; a place overgrown with shrubs and
brambles, with undergrowth and ferns, or with canes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rounds rising hillocks, <i>brakes</i> obscure and rough,<BR>
To shelter thee from tempest and from rain.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He stayed not for <i>brake</i>, <i>and he stopped not for
stone</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Cane brake</b></col>, <cd>a thicket of canes. See
<u>Canebrake</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 175 !></p>

<p><hw>Brake</hw> (br&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brake</i>; cf.
LG. <i>brake</i> an instrument for breaking flax, G. <i>breche</i>, fr. the
root of E. <i>break</i>. See <i>Break</i>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Breach</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument or machine to break
or bruise the woody part of flax or hemp so that it may be separated from
the fiber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An extended handle by means of which a number of
men can unite in working a pump, as in a fire engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A baker's kneading though.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sharp bit or snaffle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pampered jades . . . which need nor <i>break</i> nor
bit.<BR>
<i>Gascoigne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A frame for confining a refractory horse while
the smith is shoeing him; also, an inclosure to restrain cattle, horses,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A horse . . . which Philip had bought . . . and because of
his fierceness kept him within a <i>brake</i> of iron bars.<BR>
<i>J. Brende.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That part of a carriage, as of a movable
battery, or engine, which enables it to turn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An ancient engine of war analogous
to the crossbow and ballista.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A large, heavy harrow for
breaking clods after plowing; a drag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A piece of mechanism for retarding or stopping
motion by friction, as of a carriage or railway car, by the pressure of
rubbers against the wheels, or of clogs or ratchets against the track or
roadway, or of a pivoted lever against a wheel or drum in a
machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>An apparatus for testing the
power of a steam engine, or other motor, by weighing the amount of friction
that the motor will overcome; a friction brake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A cart or carriage without a body, used in
breaking in horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>An ancient instrument of torture.</def>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Air brake</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Air brake</u>, in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Brake beam</b></col> or <col><b>Brake
bar</b></col>, <cd>the beam that connects the brake blocks of opposite
wheels.</cd> -- <col><b>Brake block</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
part of a brake holding the brake shoe.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
brake shoe.</cd> -- <col><b>Brake shoe</b></col> or <col><b>Brake
rubber</b></col>, <cd>the part of a brake against which the wheel
rubs.</cd> -- <col><b>Brake wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel on the platform or
top of a car by which brakes are operated.</cd> -- <col><b>Continuous
brake</b></col> . <cd>See under <u>Continuous</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brake"man</hw> (br&amacr;k"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Brakemen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A man in charge of a brake or
brakes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The man in charge of the winding
(or hoisting) engine for a mine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brak"y</hw> (br&amacr;k"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
brakes; abounding with brambles, shrubs, or ferns; rough; thorny.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the woods and <i>braky</i> glens.<BR>
<i>W. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bra"ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Brahma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bra"mah press`</hw> (&?;). <def>A hydrostatic press of immense
power, invented by Joseph <i>Bramah</i> of London. See under
<u>Hydrostatic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bram"ble</hw> (br&abreve;m"b'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>brembil</i>, AS. <i>br&emacr;mel</i>, <i>br&emacr;mbel</i>,
<i>br&aemacr;mbel</i> (akin to OHG. <i>br&amacr;mal</i>), fr. the same root
as E. <i>broom</i>, As. <i>br&omacr;m</i>. See <u>Broom</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus <i>Rubus</i>,
including the raspberry and blackberry. Hence: Any rough, prickly
shrub.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The thorny <i>brambles</i>, and embracing bushes.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The brambling or bramble
finch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bram"ble bush`</hw> (b&usdot;sh`). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The bramble,
or a collection of brambles growing together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He jumped into a <i>bramble bush</i><BR>
And scratched out both his eyes.<BR>
<i>Mother Goose.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bram"bled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overgrown with
brambles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forlorn she sits upon the <i>brambled</i> floor.<BR>
<i>T. Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bram"ble net`</hw> (&?;). <def>A net to catch birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bram"bling</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bramline</i>.
See <u>Bramble</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
European mountain finch (<i>Fringilla montifringilla</i>); -- called also
<i>bramble finch</i> and <i>bramble</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bram"bly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
resembling, or full of, brambles.</def> "In <i>brambly</i> wildernesses."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brame</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Breme</u>.]
<def>Sharp passion; vexation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Heart-burning <i>brame</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bra"min</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bra*min"ic</hw> (&?;), etc.} <def>See
<u>Brahman</u>, <u>Brachmanic</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bren</i>, <i>bran</i>,
OF. <i>bren</i>, F. <i>bran</i>, from Celtic; cf. Armor. <i>brenn</i>, Ir.
<i>bran</i>, bran, chaff.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The broken coat of the
seed of wheat, rye, or other cereal grain, separated from the flour or meal
by sifting or bolting; the coarse, chaffy part of ground grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European carrion
crow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"card</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A litter on
which a person may be carried.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Coigrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Branch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Branches</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>braunche</i>, F. <i>branche</i>,
fr. LL. <i>branca</i> claw of a bird or beast of prey; cf. Armor.
<i>brank</i> branch, bough.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A shoot
or secondary stem growing from the main stem, or from a principal limb or
bough of a tree or other plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any division extending like a branch; any arm or
part connected with the main body of thing; ramification; as, the
<i>branch</i> of an antler; the <i>branch</i> of a chandelier; a
<i>branch</i> of a river; a <i>branch</i> of a railway.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most of the <i>branches</i> , or streams, were dried up.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any member or part of a body or system; a
distinct article; a section or subdivision; a department.</def>
"<i>Branches</i> of knowledge."  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a <i>branch</i> and parcel of mine oath.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>One of the portions of a curve
that extends outwards to an indefinitely great distance; as, the
<i>branches</i> of an hyperbola.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A line of family descent, in distinction from
some other line or lines from the same stock; any descendant in such a
line; as, the English <i>branch</i> of a family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His father, a younger <i>branch</i> of the ancient
stock.<BR>
<i>Carew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A warrant or commission given to
a pilot, authorizing him to pilot vessels in certain waters.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Branches of a bridle</b></col>, <cd>two pieces of bent iron,
which bear the bit, the cross chains, and the curb.</cd> -- <col><b>Branch
herring</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Alewife</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Root and
branch</b></col> , <cd>totally, wholly.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bough; limb; shoot; offshoot; twig; sprig.</p>

<p><hw>Branch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Diverging from, or
tributary to, a main stock, line, way, theme, etc.; as, a <i>branch</i>
vein; a <i>branch</i> road or line; a <i>branch</i> topic; a <i>branch</i>
store.</def></p>

<p><hw>Branch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Branched</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Branching</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shoot or spread in branches; to separate into
branches; to ramify.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divide into separate parts or
subdivision.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To branch off</b></col>, <cd>to form a branch or a separate
part; to diverge.</cd> -- <col><b>To branch out</b></col>, <cd>to speak
diffusively; to extend one's discourse to other topics than the main one;
also, to enlarge the scope of one's business, etc.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>branch out</i> into a long disputation.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Branch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
divide as into branches; to make subordinate division in.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with needlework representing branches,
flowers, or twigs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The train whereof loose far behind her strayed,<BR>
<i>Branched</i> with gold and pearl, most richly wrought.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Branch"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which shoots forth branches; one who shows growth in various
directions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>A young hawk when it begins to
leave the nest and take to the branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Branch"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A system of
branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bran"chi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Branchi&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, pl. of &?;.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A gill; a respiratory organ for breathing the air
contained in water, such as many aquatic and semiaquatic animals
have.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"chi*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to branchi&aelig; or gills.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Branchial arches</b></col>, <cd>the bony or cartilaginous arches
which support the gills on each side of the throat of fishes and
amphibians. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</cd> -- <col><b>Branchial
clefts</b></col>, <cd>the openings between the branchial arches through
which water passes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bran"chi*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Furnished with branchi&aelig;; as, <i>branchiate</i>
segments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran*chif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having gills; branchiate; as, <i>branchiferous</i>
gastropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Branch"i*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fullness of
branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Branch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with branches;
shooting our branches; extending in a branch or branches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shaded with <i>branching</i> palm.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Branch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or state of
separation into branches; division into branches; a division or
branch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sciences, with their numerous <i>branchings</i>.<BR>
<i>L. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Bran`chi*o*gas*trop"o*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., from Gr. &?; gill + E. <i>gastropoda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Those Gastropoda that breathe by branchi&aelig;, including the
Prosobranchiata and Opisthobranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran`chi*om"er*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; gill +
<i>-mere</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The state of being made up of branchiate
segments.</def>  <i>R. Wiedersheim.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bran"chi*o*pod</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Branchiopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bran"chi*o*poda</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; gill
+ <i>-poda</i>: cf. F. <i>branchiopode</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of Entomostraca; -- so named from the feet of branchiopods having
been supposed to perform the function of gills. It includes the fresh-water
genera <i>Branchipus</i>, <i>Apus</i>, and <i>Limnadia</i>, and the genus
<i>Artemia</i> found in salt lakes. It is also called
<i>Phyllopoda</i>. See <u>Phyllopoda</u>, <u>Cladocera</u>. It is
sometimes used in a broader sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran`chi*os"te*gal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; gill +
&?; to cover: cf. F. <i>branchiost&egrave;ge</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the membrane covering the gills of fishes.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A branchiostegal ray. See
<i>Illustration</i> of <i>Branchial arches</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term was formerly applied to a group of fishes having
boneless branchi&aelig;. But the arrangement was artificial, and has been
rejected.</p>

<p><hw>Bran`chi*os"tege</hw> (&?;), <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The branchiostegal
membrane. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran`chi*os"te*gous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Branchiostegal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bran`chi*os"to*ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr., Gr.
&?; gill + &?; mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lancelet. See
<u>Amphioxus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bran"chi*u"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr., Gr.
&?; gill + &?; tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of Entomostraca,
with suctorial mouths, including species parasitic on fishes, as the carp
lice (<i>Argulus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Branch"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
branches or shoots; without any valuable product; barren; naked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Branch"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Branch</i> + <i>-
let</i>.] <def>A little branch; a twig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Branch" pi`lot</hw> (&?;). <def>A pilot who has a branch or
commission, as from Trinity House, England, for special
navigation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Branch"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of branches;
having wide-spreading branches; consisting of branches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beneath thy <i>branchy</i> bowers of thickest gloom.<BR>
<i>J. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brand</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brand</i>,
<i>brond</i>, AS. <i>brand brond</i> brand, sword, from <i>byrnan</i>,
<i>beornan</i>, to burn; akin to D., Dan., Sw., &amp; G. <i>brand</i> brand,
Icel. <i>brandr</i> a brand, blade of a sword. &radic;32.  See <u>Burn</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Brandish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A burning piece of wood; or a stick or piece of wood partly burnt,
whether burning or after the fire is extinct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Snatching a live <i>brand</i> from a wigwam, Mason threw it
on a matted roof.<BR>
<i>Palfrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sword, so called from its glittering or
flashing brightness.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Paradise, so late their happy seat,<BR>
Waved over by that flaming <i>brand</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mark made by burning with a hot iron, as upon
a cask, to designate the quality, manufacturer, etc., of the contents, or
upon an animal, to designate ownership; -- also, a mark for a similar
purpose made in any other way, as with a stencil. Hence, figurately:
Quality; kind; grade; as, a good <i>brand</i> of flour.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mark put upon criminals with a hot iron.
Hence: Any mark of infamy or vice; a stigma.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>brand</i> of private vice.<BR>
<i>Channing.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An instrument to brand with; a branding
iron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any minute fungus which produces a
burnt appearance in plants. The brands are of many species and several
genera of the order <i>Puccini&aelig;i</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brand</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Branded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Branding</u>.]. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To burn a distinctive mark into
or upon with a hot iron, to indicate quality, ownership, etc., or to mark
as infamous (as a convict).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put an actual distinctive mark upon in any
other way, as with a stencil, to show quality of contents, name of
manufacture, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To fix a mark of infamy, or a stigma,
upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Inquisition <i>branded</i> its victims with infamy.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>There were the enormities, <i>branded</i> and condemned by
the first and most natural verdict of common humanity.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mark or impress indelibly, as with a hot
iron.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As if it were <i>branded</i> on my mind.<BR>
<i>Geo. Eliot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brand"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, brands; a branding iron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gridiron.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Brand" goose`</hw> (&?;). [Prob. fr. 1st <i>brand</i> +
<i>goose</i>: cf. Sw. <i>brandg&aring;s</i>. Cf. <u>Brant</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of wild goose (<i>Branta bernicla</i>)
usually called in America <i>brant</i>. See <u>Brant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"died</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mingled with brandy;
made stronger by the addition of brandy; flavored or treated with brandy;
as, <i>brandied</i> peaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brand"ing i`*ron</hw> (&?;). <def>An iron to brand with.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brand" i`ron</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A branding
iron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trivet to set a pot on.</def>
<i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The horizontal bar of an andiron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"dish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brandished</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Brandishing</u>.] [OE. <i>braundisen</i>, F. <i>brandir</i>, fr.
<i>brand</i> a sword, fr. OHG. <i>brant</i> brand. See <u>Brand</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move or wave, as a weapon;
to raise and move in various directions; to shake or flourish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The quivering lance which he <i>brandished</i> bright.<BR>
<i>Drake.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To play with; to flourish; as, to
<i>brandish</i> syllogisms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"dish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flourish, as with a
weapon, whip, etc.</def> "<i>Brandishes</i> of the fan."
<i>Tailer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bran"dish*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
brandishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>brandiller</i>.] <def>To shake; to totter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Brand"ling</hw> (&?;), <hw>Brand"lin</hw> (&?;) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Branlin</u>, fish
and worm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brand"-new"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Brand</u>, and
cf. <u>Brannew</u>.] <def>Quite new; bright as if fresh from the
forge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brand" spore`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of several spores
growing in a series or chain, and produced by one of the fungi called
<i>brand</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"dy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Brandies</b></plw> (&?;). [From older <i>brandywine</i>,
<i>brandwine</i>, fr. D. <i>brandewijn</i>, fr. p. p. of <i>branden</i> to
burn, distill + <i>wijn</i> wine, akin to G. <i>branntwein</i>. See
<u>Brand</u>.] <def>A strong alcoholic liquor distilled from wine. The name
is also given to spirit distilled from other liquors, and in the United
States to that distilled from cider and peaches. In northern Europe, it is
also applied to a spirit obtained from grain.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Brandy fruit</b></col>, <cd>fruit preserved in brandy and
sugar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bran"dy*wine`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Brandy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bran"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>brangled</i>
confused, entangled, Scot. <i>brangle</i> to shake, menace; probably a
variant of <i>wrangle</i>, confused with <i>brawl</i>. &radic;95.> ] <def>A
wrangle; a squabble; a noisy contest or dispute.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>brangle</i> between him and his neighbor.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bran"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brangled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Brangling</u> (&?;).] <def>To wrangle; to dispute contentiously; to
squabble.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bran"gle*ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrangle;
brangle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bran"gler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quarrelsome
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"gling</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quarrel.</def>
[R.]  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brank</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. of Celtic origin; cf.
L. <i>brance</i>, <i>brace</i>, the Gallic name of a particularly white
kind of corn.] <def>Buckwheat.</def> [Local, Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Brank</hw>, <hw>Branks</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael.
<i>brangus</i>, <i>brangas</i>, a sort of pillory, Ir. <i>brancas</i>
halter, or D. <i>pranger</i> fetter.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of
bridle with wooden side pieces.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A scolding bridle, an instrument formerly used
for correcting scolding women. It was an iron frame surrounding the head
and having a triangular piece entering the mouth of the scold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hold
up and toss the head; -- applied to horses as spurning the bit.</def>
[Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prance; to caper.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brank"ur*sine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>branc-
ursine</i>, <i>branch-ursine</i>, fr. LL. <i>branca</i> claw + L.
<i>ursinus</i> belonging to a bear (fr. <i>ursus</i> bear), <i>i. e.</i>,
bear's claw, because its leaves resemble the claws of a bear. Cf.
<u>Branch</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bear's-breech, or Acanthus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"lin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>branlie</i> fr.
<i>brand</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young salmon or parr, in the
stage in which it has transverse black bands, as if burned by a
gridiron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"lin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Brand</u>.] <def>A small
red worm or larva, used as bait for small fresh-water fish; -- so called
from its red color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"-new"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Brand-
new</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the appearance
of bran; consisting of or containing bran.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bran"sle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Brawl</u> a
dance.] <def>A brawl or dance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 176 !></p>

<p><hw>Brant</hw> (br&abreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.<u>Brand
goose</u>, <u>Brent</u>, <u>Brenicle</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
species of wild goose (<i>Branta bernicla</i>) -- called also <i>brent</i>
and <i>brand goose</i>. The name is also applied to other related
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Brent</u>.]
<def>Steep.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bran"tail`</hw> (br&abreve;n"t&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European redstart; -- so called from the red
color of its tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brant"-fox`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>brand-fox</i>;
cf. G. <i>brandfuchs</i>, Sw. <i>bradr&auml;f</i>. So called from its
yellowish brown and somewhat black color. See <u>Brand</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of fox found in Sweden (<i>Vulpes
alopex</i>), smaller than the common fox (<i>V. vulgaris</i>), but probably
a variety of it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"u*lar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to the
brain; cerebral.</def>  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bra"sen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Brazen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brash</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. <i>bras</i> or G.
<i>barsch</i> harsh, sharp, tart, impetuous, D. <i>barsch</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>barsk</i>.] <def>Hasty in temper; impetuous.</def>  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brash</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Amer. <i>bresk</i>,
<i>brusk</i>, fragile, brittle.] <def>Brittle, as wood or vegetables.</def>
[Colloq., U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Brash</u> brittle.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rash or eruption; a sudden or transient fit of
sickness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Refuse boughs of trees; also, the clippings of
hedges.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Broken and angular fragments of
rocks underlying alluvial deposits.</def>  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Broken fragments of ice.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Water brash</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an affection
characterized by a spasmodic pain or hot sensation in the stomach with a
rising of watery liquid into the mouth; pyrosis.</cd> -- <col><b>Weaning
brash</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a severe form of diarrhea which
sometimes attacks children just weaned.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bra"sier</hw>, <hw>Bra"zier</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>brasiere</i>, F. <i>braise</i> live coals. See <u>Brass</u>.]
<def>An artificer who works in brass.</def>  <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bra"sier</hw>, <hw>Bra"zier</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>brasier</i>, <i>brais&iacute;er</i>, fr. <i>braise</i> live coals. See
<u>Brass</u>.] <def>A pan for holding burning coals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brass</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Brasses</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>bras</i>, <i>bres</i>, AS.
<i>br&aelig;s</i>; akin to Icel. <i>bras</i> cement, solder, <i>brasa</i>
to harden by fire, and to E. <i>braze</i>, <i>brazen</i>. Cf. 1st &amp; 2d
<u>Braze</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An alloy (usually yellow) of copper
and zinc, in variable proportion, but often containing two parts of copper
to one part of zinc. It sometimes contains tin, and rarely other
metals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A journal bearing, so called
because frequently made of brass. A brass is often lined with a softer
metal, when the latter is generally called a <i>white metal lining</i>. See
<u>Axle box</u>, <u>Journal Box</u>, and <u>Bearing</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Coin made of copper, brass, or bronze.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Provide neither gold, nor silver, nor <i>brass</i> in your
purses, nor scrip for your journey.<BR>
<i>Matt. x. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Impudence; a brazen face.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Utensils, ornaments, or other
articles of brass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The very scullion who cleans the <i>brasses</i>.<BR>
<i>Hopkinson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A brass plate engraved with a figure or device.
Specifically, one used as a memorial to the dead, and generally having the
portrait, coat of arms, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Lumps of pyrites or
sulphuret of iron, the color of which is near to that of brass.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>brass</i> as used in Sculpture language is a
translation for <i>copper</i> or some kind of <i>bronze</i>.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Brass</i> is often used adjectively or in self-explaining
compounds; as, <i>brass</i> button, <i>brass</i> kettle, <i>brass</i>
founder, <i>brass</i> foundry or <i>brass</i>foundry.</p>

<p><col><b>Brass band</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a band of musicians who
play upon wind instruments made of brass, as trumpets, cornets, etc.</cd> -
- <col><b>Brass foil</b></col>, <col><b>Brass leaf</b></col>, <cd>brass
made into very thin sheets; -- called also <i>Dutch gold</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bras"sage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A sum formerly
levied to pay the expense of coinage; -- now called
<i>seigniorage</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bras"sart</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>brassard</i>, fr.
<i>bras</i> arm. See <u>Brace</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Armor for the
arm; -- generally used for the whole arm from the shoulder to the wrist,
and consisting, in the 15th and 16th centuries, of many parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brasse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. a transposition of
<i>barse</i>; but cf. LG. <i>brasse</i> the bream, G. <i>brassen</i> Cf.
<u>Bream</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spotted European fish of the
genus <i>Lucioperca</i>, resembling a perch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bras"sets</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Brassart</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bras"si*ca</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., cabbage.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants embracing several species and
varieties differing much in appearance and qualities: such as the common
cabbage (<i>B. oleracea</i>), broccoli, cauliflowers, etc.; the wild turnip
(<i>B. campestris</i>); the common turnip (<i>B. rapa</i>); the rape or
coleseed (<i>B. napus</i>), etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bras`si*ca"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>brassica</i> cabbage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Related to, or resembling, the
cabbage, or plants of the Cabbage family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brass"i*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state,
condition, or quality of being brassy.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Brass"-vis"aged</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impudent;
bold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brass"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to brass; having the nature, appearance, or hardness, of
brass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Impudent; impudently bold.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Brast</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See <u>Burst</u>.]
<def>To burst.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And both his y&euml;n <i>braste</i> out of his face.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Dreadfull furies which their chains have <i>brast</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brat</hw> (br&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bratt</i>
coarse garnment, AS. <i>bratt</i> cloak, fr. the Celtic; cf. W. <i>brat</i>
clout, rag, Gael. <i>brat</i> cloak, apron, rag, Ir. <i>brat</i> cloak;
properly then, a child's bib or clout; hence, a child.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A coarse garment or cloak; also, coarse clothing, in general.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coarse kind of apron for keeping the clothes
clean; a bib.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A child; an offspring; -- formerly used in a
good sense, but now usually in a contemptuous sense.</def> "This
<i>brat</i> is none of mine." <i>Shak.</i>  "A beggar's <i>brat</i>."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O Israel! O household of the Lord!<BR>
O Abraham's <i>brats</i>! O brood of blessed seed!<BR>
<i>Gascoigne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The young of an animal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brat</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A thin
bed of coal mixed with pyrites or carbonate of lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Brat"sche</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr. It. viola da
<i>braccio</i> viola held on the arm.] <def>The tenor viola, or
viola.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brat"tice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Brettice</u>.]
<i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A wall of separation in a shaft or
gallery used for ventilation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Planking to
support a roof or wall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brat"tish*ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Brattice</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Carved openwork, as of a shrine,
battlement, or parapet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Braun"ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
native oxide of manganese, of dark brownish black color. It was named from
a Mr. <i>Braun</i> of Gotha.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bra*vade"</hw> (br&adot;*v&amacr;d"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Bravado.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fanshawe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bra*va"do</hw> (br&adot;*v&amacr;"d&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Bravadoes</b></plw> (-d&osl;z). [Sp. <i>bravada</i>,
<i>bravata</i>, boast, brag: cf. F. <i>bravade</i>. See <u>Brave</u>.]
<def>Boastful and threatening behavior; a boastful menace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In spite of our host's <i>bravado</i>.<BR>
<i>Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brave</hw> (br&amacr;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Braver</u>; <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Bravest</u>.] [F. <i>brave</i>, It. or Sp. <i>bravo</i>, (orig.) fierce,
wild, savage, prob. from. L. <i>barbarus</i>. See <u>Barbarous</u>, and cf.
<u>Bravo</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bold; courageous; daring; intrepid; -- opposed
to <i>cowardly</i>; as, a <i>brave</i> man; a <i>brave</i> act.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having any sort of superiority or excellence; --
especially such as in conspicuous.</def> [Obs. or Archaic as applied to
material things.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Iron is a <i>brave</i> commodity where wood aboundeth.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It being a <i>brave</i> day, I walked to Whitehall.<BR>
<i>Pepys.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Making a fine show or display.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wear my dagger with the <i>braver</i> grace.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>For I have gold, and therefore will be <i>brave</i>.<BR>
In silks I'll rattle it of every color.<BR>
<i>Robert Greene.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Frog and lizard in holiday coats<BR>
And turtle <i>brave</i> in his golden spots.<BR>
<i>Emerson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Courageous; gallant; daring; valiant; valorous; bold;
heroic; intrepid; fearless; dauntless; magnanimous; high-spirited; stout-
hearted. See <u>Gallant</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Brave</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
brave person; one who is daring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The star-spangled banner, O,long may it wave<BR>
O'er the land of the free and the home of the <i>brave</i>.<BR>
<i>F. S. Key.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, an Indian warrior.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A man daring beyond discretion; a
bully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hot <i>braves</i> like thee may fight.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A challenge; a defiance; bravado.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Demetrius, thou dost overween in all;<BR>
And so in this, to bear me down with <i>braves</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Braved</u> (br&amacr;vd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Braving</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To encounter with courage and
fortitude; to set at defiance; to defy; to dare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These I can <i>brave</i>, but those I can not bear.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adorn; to make fine or showy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou [a tailor whom Grunio was browbeating] hast
<i>braved</i> meny men; brave not me; I'll neither be faced or braved.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brave"ly</hw> <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a
brave manner; courageously; gallantly; valiantly; splendidly;
nobly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Finely; gaudily; gayly; showily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And [she] decked herself <i>bravely</i> to allure the eyes
of all men that should see her.<BR>
<i>Judith. x. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Well; thrivingly; prosperously.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Brave"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of state or
being brave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brav"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>braverie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being brave; fearless;
intrepidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Remember, sir, my liege, . . . <BR>
The natural <i>bravery</i> of your isle.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of braving; defiance; bravado.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Reform, then, without <i>bravery</i> or scandal of former
times and persons.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Splendor; magnificence; showy appearance;
ostentation; fine dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With scarfs and fans and double change of
<i>bravery</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a stately ship . . . <BR>
With all her <i>bravery</i> on, and tackle trim.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A showy person; a fine gentleman; a beau.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man that is the <i>bravery</i> of his age.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Courage; heroism; interpidity; gallantry; valor;
fearlessness; dauntlessness; hardihood; manfulness. See <u>Courage</u>, and
<u>Heroism</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Brav"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bravado; a
boast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With so proud a strain<BR>
Of threats and <i>bravings</i>.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brav"ing*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a defiant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bra"vo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bravoes</b></plw> (&?;). [I. See <u>Brave</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A daring villain; a bandit; one who sets law at
defiance; a professional assassin or murderer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Safe from detection, seize the unwary prey.<BR>
And stab, like <i>bravoes</i>, all who come this way.<BR>
<i>Churchill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bra"vo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [It. See <u>Brave</u>.]
<def>Well done! excellent! an exclamation expressive of applause.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bra*vu"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., (properly)
bravery, spirit, from <i>bravo</i>. See <u>Brave</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
florid, brilliant style of music, written for effect, to show the range and
flexibility of a singer's voice, or the technical force and skill of a
performer; <i>virtuoso</i> music.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aria di bravura</b></col> (&?;) [It.], <cd>a florid air
demanding brilliant execution.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brawl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brawled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Brawling</u>.] [OE. <i>braulen</i> to quarrel, boast, <i>brallen</i> to
cry, make a noise; cf. LG. <i>brallen</i> to brag, MHG.
<i>pr</i>&?;<i>ulen</i>, G. <i>prahlen</i>, F. <i>brailler</i> to cry,
shout, Pr. <i>brailar</i>, <i>braillar</i>, W. <i>bragal</i> to vociferate,
brag, Armor. <i>bragal</i> to romp, to strut, W. <i>broliaw</i> to brag,
<i>brawl</i> boast. &?;95.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To quarrel noisily and
outrageously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let a man that is a man consider that he is a fool that
<i>brawleth</i> openly with his wife.<BR>
<i>Golden Boke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To complain loudly; to scold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a loud confused noise, as the water of a
rapid stream running over stones.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the brook <i>brawls</i> along the painful road.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To wrangle; squabble; contend.</p>

<p><hw>Brawl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A noisy quarrel; loud,
angry contention; a wrangle; a tumult; as, a drunken
<i>brawl</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His sports were hindered by the <i>brawls</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Noise; quarrel; uproar; row; tumult.</p>

<p><hw>Brawl"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that brawls;
wrangler.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Common brawler</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one who disturbs a
neighborhood by brawling (and is therefore indictable at common law as a
nuisance).</cd>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brawl"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Quarreling; quarrelsome; noisy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is an irksome <i>brawling</i> scold.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Making a loud confused noise. See <u>Brawl</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>brawling</i> stream.<BR>
<i>J. S. Shairp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brawl"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a brawling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brawn</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>braon</i> fleshy
part, muscle, fr. HG. <i>br&?;to</i> flesh, G. <i>braten</i> roast meat;
akin to Icel. <i>br&?;&?;</i> flesh, food of beasts, AS. <i>br</i>&?;de
roast meat, <i>br&?;dan</i> to roast, G. <i>braten</i>, and possibly to E.
<i>breed</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A muscle; flesh.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Formed well of <i>brawns</i> and of bones.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full, strong muscles, esp. of the arm or leg,
muscular strength; a protuberant muscular part of the body; sometimes, the
arm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Brawn</i> without brains is thine.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It was ordained that murderers should be brent on the
<i>brawn</i> of the left hand.<BR>
<i>E. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And in my vantbrace put this withered <i>brawn</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The flesh of a boar; also, the salted and
prepared flesh of a boar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best age for the boar is from two to five years, at
which time it is best to geld him, or sell him for <i>brawn</i>.<BR>
<i>Mortimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A boar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brawned</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Brawny; strong;
muscular.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brawn"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boor killed for the
table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brawn"i*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being brawny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brawn"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having large, strong
muscles; muscular; fleshy; strong.</def> "<i>Brawny</i> limbs."  <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Muscular; fleshy; strong; bulky; sinewy; athletic;
stalwart; powerful; robust.</p>

<p><hw>Brax"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>breac</i> rheum,
<i>broc</i> sickness, Ir.   <i>bracha</i> corruption. <i>Jamieson</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A disease of sheep. The term is variously applied
in different localities.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A diseased sheep, or its mutton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bray</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brayed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Braying</u>.] [OE. <i>brayen</i>, OF. <i>breier</i>, F. <i>broyer</i> to
pound, grind, fr. OHG. <i>brehhan</i> to break. See <u>Break</u>.] <def>To
pound, beat, rub, or grind small or fine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though thou shouldest <i>bray</i> a fool in a mortar, . . .
yet will not his foolishness depart from him.<BR>
<i>Prov. xxvii. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bray</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE <i>brayen</i>, F.
<i>braire</i> to bray, OF. <i>braire</i> to cry, fr. LL. <i>bragire</i> to
whinny; perh. fr. the Celtic and akin to E. <i>break</i>; or perh. of
imitative origin.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter a loud, harsh cry, as an ass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Laugh, and they<BR>
Return it louder than an ass can <i>bray</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a harsh, grating, or discordant
noise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heard ye the din of battle <i>bray</i>?<BR>
<i>Gray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bray</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make or utter with a
loud, discordant, or harsh and grating sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arms on armor clashing, <i>brayed</i><BR>
Horrible discord.<BR>
<i>MIlton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And varying notes the war pipes <i>brayed</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The harsh cry of an ass; also,
any harsh, grating, or discordant sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bray</i> and roar of multitudinous London.<BR>
<i>Jerrold.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>braye</i>, <i>brey</i>,
<i>brew</i>, eyebrow, brow of a hill, hill, bank, Scot. <i>bra</i>,
<i>brae</i>, <i>bray</i>, fr. AS. <i>br&?;w</i> eyebrow, influenced by the
allied Icel. <i>br&?;</i> eyebrow, bank, also akin to AS. <i>br</i>&?;
yebrow. See <u>Brow</u>.] <def>A bank; the slope of a hill; a hill. See
<u>Brae</u>, which is now the usual spelling.</def> [North of Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bray"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An implement for
braying and spreading ink in hand printing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bray"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that brays like an
ass.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bray"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making a harsh noise;
blaring.</def>  "<i>Braying</i> trumpets."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Braze</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brazed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Brazing</u>.]  [F. <i>braser</i> to solder, fr. Icel. <i>brasa</i> to
harden by fire. Cf. <u>Brass</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To solder with
hard solder, esp. with an alloy of copper and zinc; as, to <i>braze</i> the
seams of a copper pipe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To harden.</def> "Now I am <i>brazes</i> to it."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Braze</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>br&aelig;sian</i>,
fr. <i>br&aelig;s</i> brass. See <u>Brass</u>.] <def>To cover or ornament
with brass.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bra"zen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brasen</i>, AS.
<i>br&aelig;sen</i>. See <u>Brass</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining
to, made of, or resembling, brass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sounding harsh and loud, like resounding
brass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Impudent; immodest; shameless; having a front
like brass; as, a <i>brazen</i> countenance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Brazen age</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Myth.)</i> <cd>The
age of war and lawlessness which succeeded the silver age.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Bronze</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Brazen sea</b></col> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i>,
<cd>a large laver of brass, placed in Solomon's temple for the use of the
priests.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bra"zen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brazened</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Brazening</u>.] <def>To carry through impudently or shamelessly; as, to
<i>brazen</i> the matter through.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Sabina <i>brazened</i> it out before Mrs. Wygram, but
inwardly she was resolved to be a good deal more circumspect.<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bra"zen-browed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shamelessly
impudent.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bra"zen*face`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An impudent or
shameless person.</def> "Well said, <i>brazenface;</i> hold it out."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bra"zen*faced`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impudent;
shameless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bra"zen*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a bold,
impudent manner.</def></p>

<p><! p. 177 !></p>

<p><hw>Bra"zen*ness</hw> (br&amacr;"z'n*n&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being brazen.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bra"zier</hw> (br&amacr;"zh&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Brasier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Braz`i*let"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Pg. &amp; Sp.
<i>brasilete</i>, It. <i>brasiletto</i>.] <def>See <u>Brazil
wood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bra*zil"ian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Brazil.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A native or an inhabitant of
Brazil.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Brazilian pebble</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Pebble</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Braz"i*lin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>br&eacute;siline</i>. See <u>Brazil</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
substance contained in both Brazil wood and Sapan wood, from which it is
extracted as a yellow crystalline substance which is white when pure. It is
colored intensely red by alkalies.</def> [Written also
<i>brezilin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bra*zil" nut`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An oily, three-sided
nut, the seed of the <i>Bertholletia excelsa</i>; the cream nut.</def></p>

<p>&fist; From eighteen to twenty-four of the seed or "nuts" grow in a hard
and nearly globular shell.</p>

<p><hw>Bra*zil" wood`</hw> (&?;). [OE. <i>brasil</i>, LL. <i>brasile</i>
(cf. Pg. &amp; Sp. <i>brasil</i>, Pr. <i>bresil</i>, Pr. <i>bresil</i>); perh.
from Sp. or Pg. <i>brasa</i> a live coal (cf. <u>Braze</u>,
<u>Brasier</u>); or Ar. <i>vars</i> plant for dyeing red or yellow. This
name was given to the wood from its color; and it is said that King
Emanuel, of Portugal, gave the name Brazil to the country in South America
on account of its producing this wood.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The wood of the oriental <i>C&aelig;salpinia
Sapan</i>; -- so called before the discovery of America.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A very heavy wood of a reddish color, imported
from Brazil and other tropical countries, for cabinet-work, and for dyeing.
The best is the heartwood of <i>C&aelig;salpinia echinata</i>, a leguminous
tree; but other trees also yield it. An inferior sort comes from Jamaica,
the timber of <i>C. Braziliensis</i> and <i>C. crista</i>. This is often
distinguished as <i>Braziletto</i> , but the better kind is also frequently
so named.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breach</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>breke</i>,
<i>breche</i>, AS. <i>brice</i>, <i>gebrice</i>, <i>gebrece</i> (in comp.),
fr. <i>brecan</i> to break; akin to Dan. <i>br&aelig;k</i>, MHG.
<i>breche</i>, gap, breach. See <u>Break</u>, and cf. <u>Brake</u> (the
instrument), <u>Brack</u> a break] . <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
breaking, in a figurative sense.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: A breaking or infraction of a law,
or of any obligation or tie; violation; non-fulfillment; as, a
<i>breach</i> of contract; a <i>breach</i> of promise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gap or opening made made by breaking or
battering, as in a wall or fortification; the space between the parts of a
solid body rent by violence; a break; a rupture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Once more unto the <i>breach</i>, dear friends, once
more;<BR>
Or close the wall up with our English dead.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A breaking of waters, as over a vessel; the
waters themselves; surge; surf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord hath broken forth upon mine enemies before me, as
the <i>breach</i> of waters.<BR>
<i>2 Sam. v. 20&?;</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>A clear breach</b></col> <cd>implies that the waves roll over
the vessel without breaking.</cd> -- <col><b>A clean breach</b></col>
<cd>implies that everything on deck is swept away.</cd>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A breaking up of amicable relations;
rupture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There's fallen between him and my lord<BR>
An unkind <i>breach</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A bruise; a wound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Breach</i> for <i>breach</i>, eye for eye.<BR>
<i>Lev. xxiv. 20&?;</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A hernia; a rupture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A breaking out upon; an assault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> The Lord had made a <i>breach</i> upon Uzza.<BR>
<i>1. Chron. xiii. 11&?;</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Breach of falth</b></col>, <cd>a breaking, or a failure to keep,
an expressed or implied promise; a betrayal of confidence or trust.</cd> --
<col><b>Breach of peace</b></col>, <cd>disorderly conduct, disturbing the
public peace.</cd> -- <col><b>Breach of privilege</b></col>, <cd>an act or
default in violation of the privilege or either house of Parliament, of
Congress, or of a State legislature, as, for instance, by false swearing
before a committee.</cd>  <i>Mozley. Abbott.</i></p>

<p>- <col><b>Breach of promise</b></col>, <cd>violation of one's plighted
word, esp. of a promise to marry.</cd> -- <col><b>Breach of
trust</b></col>, <cd>violation of one's duty or faith in a matter entrusted
to one.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rent; cleft; chasm; rift; aperture; gap; break;
disruption; fracture; rupture; infraction; infringement; violation;
quarrel; dispute; contention; difference; misunderstanding.</p>

<p><hw>Breach</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Breached</u> (&?;) ; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Breaching</u>.] <def>To make a breach or opening in; as, to
<i>breach</i> the walls of a city.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breach</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To break the water, as by
leaping out; -- said of a whale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breach"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to break fences
or to break out of pasture; unruly; as, <i>breachy</i> cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bread</hw> (br&ebreve;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>br&aemacr;dan</i> to make broad, to spread. See <u>Broad</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To spread.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bread</hw> (br&ebreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>bre&aacute;d</i>; akin to OFries. <i>br&amacr;d</i>, OS.
<i>br&omacr;d</i>, D. <i>brood</i>, G. <i>brod</i>, <i>brot</i>, Icel.
<i>brau&eth;</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>br&ouml;d</i>. The root is probably that of
E. <i>brew</i>. &radic;93.  See <u>Brew</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
article of food made from flour or meal by moistening, kneading, and
baking.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <col><b>Raised bread</b></col> is made with yeast, salt, and
sometimes a little butter or lard, and is mixed with warm milk or water to
form the dough, which, after kneading, is given time to rise before baking.
-- <col><b>Cream of tartar bread</b></col> is raised by the action of an
alkaline carbonate or bicarbonate (as saleratus or ammonium bicarbonate)
and cream of tartar (acid tartrate of potassium) or some acid. --
<col><b>Unleavened bread</b></col> is usually mixed with water and salt
only.</p>

<p><col><b>A&euml;rated bread</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>A&euml;rated</u></cd>. <col><b>Bread and butter</b></col> (fig.),
<cd>means of living.</cd> -- <col><b>Brown bread</b></col>, <col><b>Indian
bread</b></col>, <col><b>Graham bread</b></col>, <col><b>Rye and Indian
bread</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Brown bread</i>, under <u>Brown</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bread tree</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Breadfruit</u>.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Food; sustenance; support of life, in
general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give us this day our daily <i>bread</i>.<BR>
<i>Matt. vi. 11</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bread</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>To cover
with bread crumbs, preparatory to cooking; as, <i>breaded</i>
cutlets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bread"bas`ket</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
stomach.</def> [Humorous]  <i>S. Foote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bread"corn`</hw> (&?;). <def>Corn of grain of which bread is made,
as wheat, rye, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bread"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Braided</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bread"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of bread.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bread"fruit`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fruit of a tree (<i>Artocarpus incisa</i>)
found in the islands of the Pacific, esp. the South Sea islands. It is of a
roundish form, from four to six or seven inches in diameter, and, when
baked, somewhat resembles bread, and is eaten as food, whence the
name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The tree itself, which is one of
considerable size, with large, lobed leaves. Cloth is made from the bark,
and the timber is used for many purposes. Called also <i>breadfruit
tree</i> and <i>bread tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bread"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without bread; destitute
of food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plump peers and <i>breadless</i> bards alike are dull.<BR>
<i>P. Whitehead.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bread`root"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
root of a leguminous plant (<i>Psoralea esculenta</i>), found near the
Rocky Mountains. It is usually oval in form, and abounds in farinaceous
matter, affording sweet and palatable food.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is the <i>Pomme blanche</i> of Canadian voyageurs.</p>

<p><hw>Bread"stuff</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Grain, flour, or
meal of which bread is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breadth</hw> (br&ebreve;dth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>brede</i>, <i>breede</i>, whence later <i>bredette</i>, AS.
<i>br&aemacr;du</i>, fr. <i>br&amacr;d</i> broad. See <u>Broad</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Distance from side to side of any surface or
thing; measure across, or at right angles to the length; width.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> The quality of having the colors
and shadows broad and massive, and the arrangement of objects such as to
avoid to great multiplicity of details, producing an impression of
largeness and simple grandeur; -- called also <i>breadth of effect</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Breadth</i> of coloring is a prominent character in the
painting of all great masters.<BR>
<i>Weale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Breadth"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
breadth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breadth"ways</hw> (-w&asl;z), <pos><i>ads.</i></pos>
<def>Breadthwise.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Breadth"wise</hw> (-w&isl;z), <pos><i>ads.</i></pos> <def>In the
direction of the breadth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bread"win`ner</hw> (br&ebreve;d"w&ibreve;n`n&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The member of a family whose labor supplies the
food of the family; one who works for his living.</def>  <i>H.
Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Break</hw> (br&amacr;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>broke</u> (br&omacr;k), (Obs. <u>Brake</u>);
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Broken</u> (br&omacr;"k'n), (Obs. <u>Broke</u>);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Breaking</u>.] [OE. <i>breken</i>, AS.
<i>brecan</i>; akin to OS. <i>brekan</i>, D. <i>breken</i>, OHG.
<i>brehhan</i>, G. <i>brechen</i>, Icel. <i>braka</i> to creak, Sw.
<i>braka</i>, <i>br&auml;kka</i> to crack, Dan. <i>br&aelig;kke</i> to
break, Goth. <i>brikan</i> to break, L. <i>frangere</i>. Cf. <u>Bray</u> to
pound, <u>Breach</u>, <u>Fragile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strain
apart; to sever by fracture; to divide with violence; as, to <i>break</i> a
rope or chain; to <i>break</i> a seal; to <i>break</i> an axle; to
<i>break</i> rocks or coal; to <i>break</i> a lock.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay open as by breaking; to divide; as, to
<i>break</i> a package of goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lay open, as a purpose; to disclose, divulge,
or communicate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Katharine, <i>break</i> thy mind to me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To infringe or violate, as an obligation, law,
or promise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Out, out, hyena! these are thy wonted arts . . . <BR>
<i>To break</i> all faith, all vows, deceive, betray.<BR>
<i>Milton</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To interrupt; to destroy the continuity of; to
dissolve or terminate; as, to <i>break</i> silence; to <i>break</i> one's
sleep; to <i>break</i> one's journey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, release them, Ariel;<BR>
My charms I'll <i>break</i>, their senses I'll restore.</blockquote><BR>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the completeness of; to remove a part
from; as, to <i>break</i> a set.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the arrangement of; to throw into
disorder; to pierce; as, the cavalry were not able to <i>break</i> the
British squares.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To shatter to pieces; to reduce to
fragments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The victim <i>broke</i> in pieces the musical instruments
with which he had solaced the hours of captivity.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To exchange for other money or currency of
smaller denomination; as, to <i>break</i> a five dollar bill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the strength, firmness, or
consistency of; as, to <i>break</i> flax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To weaken or impair, as health, spirit, or
mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An old man, <i>broken</i> with the storms of state.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To diminish the force of; to lessen the shock
of, as a fall or blow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll rather leap down first, and <i>break</i> your fall.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To impart, as news or information; to broach; -
- with <i>to</i>, and often with a modified word implying some reserve; as,
to <i>break</i> the news gently to the widow; to <i>break</i> a purpose
cautiously to a friend.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>To tame; to reduce to subjection; to make
tractable; to discipline; as, to <i>break</i> a horse to the harness or
saddle.</def> "To <i>break</i> a colt."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why, then thou canst not <i>break</i> her to the lute?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the financial credit of; to make
bankrupt; to ruin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With arts like these rich Matho, when he speaks,<BR>
Attracts all fees, and little lawyers <i>breaks</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the official character and standing
of; to cashier; to dismiss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I see a great officer <i>broken</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>With prepositions or adverbs: --</p>

<p><col><b>To break down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To crush; to
overwhelm; as, to <i>break down</i> one's strength; to <i>break down</i>
opposition.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To remove, or open a way through,
by breaking; as, to <i>break down</i> a door or wall.</cd> -- <col><b>To
break in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To force in; as, to <i>break
in</i> a door.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To train; to discipline; as, a
horse well <i>broken in</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To break of</b></col>, <cd>to
rid of; to cause to abandon; as, to <i>break</i> one <i>of</i> a
habit.</cd> -- <col><b>To break off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
separate by breaking; as, to <i>break off</i> a twig.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To stop suddenly; to abandon.</cd> "<i>Break
off</i> thy sins by righteousness." <i>Dan. iv. 27.</i>  -- <col><b>To
break open</b></col>, <cd>to open by breaking.</cd> "Open the door, or I
will <i>break it open</i>." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To break out</b></col>,
<cd>to take or force out by breaking; as, to <i>break out</i> a pane of
glass</cd>. -- <col><b>To break out a cargo</b></col>, <cd>to unstow a
cargo, so as to unload it easily.</cd> -- <col><b>To break
through</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To make an opening through, as,
as by violence or the force of gravity; to pass violently through; as,
<i>to break through</i> the enemy's lines; <i>to break through</i> the
ice.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To disregard; as, <i>to break through</i>
the ceremony.</cd> -- <col><b>To break up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To separate into parts; to plow (new or fallow ground).</cd> "<i>Break
up</i> this capon." <i>Shak.</i>  "<i>Break up</i> your fallow ground."
<i>Jer. iv. 3.</i>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To dissolve; to put an end
to.</cd> "<i>Break up</i> the court." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To
break</b></col> (one) <col><b>all up</b></col>, <cd>to unsettle or
disconcert completely; to upset.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>With an immediate object: --</p>

<p><col><b>To break the back</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
dislocate the backbone; hence, to disable totally.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To get through the worst part of; as, to <i>break the back</i> of a
difficult undertaking.</cd> -- <col><b>To break bulk</b></col>, <cd>to
destroy the entirety of a load by removing a portion of it; to begin to
unload; also, to transfer in detail, as from boats to cars.</cd> --
<col><b>To break cover</b></col>, <cd>to burst forth from a protecting
concealment, as game when hunted.</cd> -- <col><b>To break a deer</b></col>
or <col><b>stag</b></col>, <cd>to cut it up and apportion the parts among
those entitled to a share.</cd> -- <col><b>To break fast</b></col>, <cd>to
partake of food after abstinence. See <u>Breakfast</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To
break ground</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To open the earth as for
planting; to commence excavation, as for building, siege operations, and
the like; as, to <i>break ground</i> for a foundation, a canal, or a
railroad.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Fig.: To begin to execute any
plan.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To release the anchor
from the bottom.</cd> -- <col><b>To break the heart</b></col>, <cd>to crush
or overwhelm (one) with grief.</cd> -- <col><b>To break a house</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to remove or set aside with violence and a felonious
intent any part of a house or of the fastenings provided to secure it.</cd>
-- <col><b>To break the ice</b></col>, <cd>to get through first
difficulties; to overcome obstacles and make a beginning; to introduce a
subject.</cd> -- <col><b>To break jail</b></col>, <cd>to escape from
confinement in jail, usually by forcible means.</cd> -- <col><b>To break a
jest</b></col>, <cd>to utter a jest.</cd> "Patroclus . . . the livelong day
<i>breaks</i> scurril jests."  <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To break
joints</b></col>, <cd>to lay or arrange bricks, shingles, etc., so that the
joints in one course shall not coincide with those in the preceding
course.</cd> -- <col><b>To break a lance</b></col>, <cd>to engage in a tilt
or contest.</cd> -- <col><b>To break the neck</b></col>, <cd>to dislocate
the joints of the neck.</cd> -- <col><b>To break no squares</b></col>,
<cd>to create no trouble.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>To break a path</b></col>,
<col><b>road</b></col>, etc., <cd>to open a way through obstacles by force
or labor.</cd> -- <col><b>To break upon a wheel</b></col>, <cd>to execute
or torture, as a criminal by stretching him upon a wheel, and breaking his
limbs with an iron bar; -- a mode of punishment formerly employed in some
countries.</cd> -- <col><b>To break wind</b></col>, <cd>to give vent to
wind from the anus.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dispart; rend; tear; shatter; batter; violate;
infringe; demolish; destroy; burst; dislocate.</p>

<p><hw>Break</hw> (br&amacr;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To come apart or divide into two or more pieces, usually with
suddenness and violence; to part; to burst asunder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To open spontaneously, or by pressure from
within, as a bubble, a tumor, a seed vessel, a bag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Else the bottle <i>break</i>, and the wine runneth out.<BR>
<i>Math. ix. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To burst forth; to make its way; to come to
view; to appear; to dawn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The day begins to <i>break</i>, and night is fled.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And from the turf a fountain <i>broke</i>,<BR>
and gurgled at our feet.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To burst forth violently, as a storm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> The clouds are still above; and, while I speak,<BR>
A second deluge o'er our head may <i>break</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To open up; to be scattered; to be dissipated;
as, the clouds are <i>breaking</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At length the darkness begins to <i>break</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To become weakened in constitution or faculties;
to lose health or strength.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See how the dean begins to <i>break</i>;<BR>
Poor gentleman! he droops apace.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To be crushed, or overwhelmed with sorrow or
grief; as, my heart is <i>breaking</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To fall in business; to become
bankrupt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that puts all upon adventures doth oftentimes
<i>break</i>, and come to poverty.<BR>
<i>Bacn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To make an abrupt or sudden change; to change
the gait; as, to <i>break</i> into a run or gallop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To fail in musical quality; as, a singer's
voice <i>breaks</i> when it is strained beyond its compass and a tone or
note is not completed, but degenerates into an unmusical sound instead.
Also, to change in tone, as a boy's voice at puberty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To fall out; to terminate friendship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>break upon</i> the score of danger or expense is to be
mean and narrow-spirited.<BR>
<i>Collier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>With prepositions or adverbs: -</p>

<p><col><b>To break away</b></col>, <cd>to disengage one's self abruptly;
to come or go away against resistance.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear me not, man; I will not <i>break away</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To break down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To come down by
breaking; as, the coach <i>broke down</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
fail in any undertaking.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>broken down</i> almost at the outset.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p> -- <col><b>To break forth</b></col>, <cd>to issue; to come out
suddenly, as sound, light, etc.</cd> "Then shall thy light <i>break
forth</i> as the morning."  <i>Isa. lviii. 8;</i></p>

<p>often with <i>into</i> in expressing or giving vent to one's feelings.
"<i>Break forth</i> into singing, ye mountains."  <i>Isa. xliv. 23.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To break from</b></col>, <cd>to go away from abruptly.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>This radiant <i>from</i> the circling crowd he
<i>broke</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p> -- <col><b>To break into</b></col>, <cd>to enter by breaking; as, <i>to
break into</i> a house.</cd> -- <col><b>To break in upon</b></col>, <cd>to
enter or approach violently or unexpectedly.</cd> "This, this is he; softly
awhile; let us not <i>break in upon</i> him."  <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>To
break loose</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To extricate one's self
forcibly.</cd> "Who would not, finding way, <i>break loose</i> from hell?"
<i>Milton.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To cast off restraint, as of morals
or propriety.</cd> -- <col><b>To break off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To become separated by rupture, or with suddenness and violence.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To desist or cease suddenly.</cd> "Nay, forward,
old man; do not <i>break off</i> so." <i>Shak.</i>  -- <col><b>To break off
from</b></col>, <cd>to desist from; to abandon, as a habit.</cd> --
<col><b>To break out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To burst forth; to
escape from restraint; to appear suddenly, as a fire or an epidemic.</cd>
"For in the wilderness shall waters <i>break out</i>, and stream in the
desert." <i>Isa. xxxv. 6</i>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To show itself in
cutaneous eruptions; -- said of a disease.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To
have a rash or eruption on the akin; -- said of a patient.</cd> --
<col><b>To break over</b></col>, <cd>to overflow; to go beyond limits.</cd>
-- <col><b>To break up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To become
separated into parts or fragments; as, the ice <i>break up</i> in the
rivers; the wreck will <i>break up</i> in the next storm.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To disperse.</cd> "The company <i>breaks up</i>."
<i>I. Watts.</i> -- <col><b>To break upon</b></col>, <cd>to discover itself
suddenly to; to dawn upon.</cd> -- <col><b>To break with</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To fall out; to sever one's relations with; to part
friendship.</cd> "It can not be the Volsces dare <i>break with</i> us."
<i>Shak.</i>  "If she did not intend to marry Clive, she should have
<i>broken with</i> him altogether." <i>Thackeray.</i>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To come to an explanation; to enter into conference; to speak.</cd>
[Obs.] "I will <i>break with</i> her and <i>with</i> her father."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 178 !></p>

<p><hw>Break</hw> (<BR>
[1913 Webster]), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Break</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Brake</u> (the instrument), <u>Breach</u>,
<u>Brack</u> a crack.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opening made by fracture
or disruption.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An interruption of continuity; change of
direction; as, a <i>break</i> in a wall; a <i>break</i> in the deck of a
ship.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
projection or recess from the face of a building.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An opening or displacement in the circuit, interrupting
the electrical current.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An interruption; a pause; as, a <i>break</i> in
friendship; a <i>break</i> in the conversation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An interruption in continuity in writing or
printing, as where there is an omission, an unfilled line, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All modern trash is<BR>
Set forth with numerous <i>breaks</i> and dashes.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The first appearing, as of light in the morning;
the dawn; as, the <i>break</i> of day; the <i>break</i> of dawn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A large four-wheeled carriage, having a straight
body and calash top, with the driver's seat in front and the footman's
behind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A device for checking motion, or for measuring
friction. See <u>Brake</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> 9 &amp; 10.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Teleg.)</i> <def>See <u>Commutator</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Break"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
broken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Break"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of breaking; a break; a breaking; also, articles
broken.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An allowance or compensation for things broken
accidentally, as in transportation or use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Break"bone` fe`ver</hw> (&?;). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Dengue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Break"-cir`cuit</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>A key or other device for breaking an electrical circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Break"down`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or result of breaking down, as of a carriage;
downfall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A noisy, rapid, shuffling
dance engaged in competitively by a number of persons or pairs in
succession, as among the colored people of the Southern United States, and
so called, perhaps, because the exercise is continued until most of those
who take part in it <i>break down</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
rude, noisy dance performed by shuffling the feet, usually by one person at
a time.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Don't clear out when the quadrilles are over, for we are
going to have a <i>breakdown</i> to wind up with.<BR>
<i>New Eng. Tales.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Break"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, breaks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll be no <i>breaker</i> of the law.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: A machine for breaking rocks, or
for breaking coal at the mines; also, the building in which such a machine
is placed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small water cask.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A wave breaking into foam against the shore, or
against a sand bank, or a rock or reef near the surface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>breakers</i> were right beneath her bows.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Break"fast</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Break</i> +
<i>fast</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The first meal in the day, or that
which is eaten at the first meal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sorry <i>breakfast</i> for my lord protector.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A meal after fasting, or food in
general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wolves will get a <i>breakfast</i> by my death.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Break"fast</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>breakfasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Breakfasting</u>.] <def>To break one's fast in the morning; too eat the
first meal in the day.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>First, sir, I read, and then I <i>breakfast</i>.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Break"fast</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with
breakfast.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Break"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Brakeman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Break"neck`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fall that breaks the neck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A steep place endangering the neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Break"neck`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing danger
of a broken neck; as, <i>breakneck</i> speed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Break"-up`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disruption; a
separation and dispersion of the parts or members; as, a <i>break-up</i> of
an assembly or dinner party; a <i>break-up</i> of the government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Break"wa`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any structure or
contrivance, as a mole, or a wall at the mouth of a harbor, to break the
force of waves, and afford protection from their violence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bream</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>breme</i>,
<i>brem</i>, F. <i>br&ecirc;me</i>, OF. <i>bresme</i>, of German origin;
cf. OHG. <i>brahsema</i>, <i>brahsina</i>, OLG. <i>bressemo</i>, G.
<i>brassen</i>. Cf. <u>Brasse</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>A European fresh-water
cyprinoid fish of the genus <i>Abramis</i>, little valued as food. Several
species are known.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>An American fresh-water fish,
of various species of <i>Pomotis</i> and allied genera, which are also
called <i>sunfishes</i> and pondfishes. See <u>Pondfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>A marine sparoid fish of the
genus <i>Pagellus</i>, and allied genera. See <u>Sea Bream</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bream</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Breamed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Breaming</u>.]
[Cf. <u>Broom</u>, and G. ein schiff <i>brennen</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To clean, as a ship's bottom of adherent shells, seaweed, etc., by the
application of fire and scraping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breast</hw> (br&ebreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brest</i>,
<i>breost</i>, As. <i>bre&oacute;st</i>; akin to Icel. <i>brj&omacr;st</i>,
Sw. <i>br&ouml;st</i>, Dan. <i>bryst</i>, Goth. <i>brusts</i>, OS.
<i>briost</i>, D. <i>borst</i>, G. <i>brust</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The fore part of the body, between the neck and the belly; the chest;
as, the <i>breast</i> of a man or of a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Either one of the protuberant glands, situated
on the front of the chest or thorax in the female of man and of some other
mammalia, in which milk is secreted for the nourishment of the young; a
mamma; a teat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My brother, that sucked the <i>breasts</i> of my mother.<BR>
<i>Cant. viii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling the human breast, or bosom;
the front or forward part of anything; as, a chimney <i>breast</i>; a plow
<i>breast</i>; the <i>breast</i> of a hill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mountains on whose barren <i>breast</i><BR>
The laboring clouds do often rest.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The face of
a coal working.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The front of a
furnace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The seat of consciousness; the repository of
thought and self-consciousness, or of secrets; the seat of the affections
and passions; the heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has a loyal <i>breast</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The power of singing; a musical voice; -- so
called, probably, from the connection of the voice with the lungs, which
lie within the breast.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By my troth, the fool has an excellent <i>breast</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Breast drill</b></col>, <cd>a portable drilling machine,
provided with a breastplate, for forcing the drill against the work.</cd> -
- <col><b>Breast pang</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Angina pectoris</i>, under
<u>Angina</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To make a clean breast</b></col>, <cd>to
disclose the secrets which weigh upon one; to make full
confession.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Breast</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos><u>Breasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Breasting</u>.] <def>To meet, with the breast; to struggle with or
oppose manfully; as, to <i>breast</i> the storm or waves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The court <i>breasted</i> the popular current by sustaining
the demurrer.<BR>
<i>Wirt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To breast up a hedge</b></col>, <cd>to cut the face of it on one
side so as to lay bare the principal upright stems of the plants.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Breast"band`</hw> (-b&abreve;nd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A band
for the breast. Specifically: <i>(Naut.)</i> A band of canvas, or a rope,
fastened at both ends to the rigging, to support the man who heaves the
lead in sounding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breast"beam`</hw> (br&ebreve;st"b&emacr;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The front transverse beam of a locomotive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breast"bone`</hw> (br&ebreve;st"b&omacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The bone of the breast; the sternum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breast"-deep`</hw> (br&ebreve;st"d&emacr;p`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Deep as from the breast to the feet; as high as the breast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Set him <i>breast-deep</i> in earth, and famish him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Breast"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a breast; -- used
in composition with qualifying words, in either a literal or a metaphorical
sense; as, a single-<i>breasted</i> coat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The close minister is buttoned up, and the brave officer
open-<i>breasted</i>, on these occasions.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Breast"fast`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
large rope to fasten the midship part of a ship to a wharf, or to another
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breast"height`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The interior
slope of a fortification, against which the garrison lean in
firing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breast"-high`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>High as the
breast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breast"hook`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
thick piece of timber in the form of a knee, placed across the stem of a
ship to strengthen the fore part and unite the bows on each side.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Breast"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The curved
channel in which a breast wheel turns. It is closely adapted to the curve
of the wheel through about a quarter of its circumference, and prevents the
escape of the water until it has spent its force upon the wheel. See
<u>Breast wheel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breast"knot`</hw> (br&ebreve;st"n&obreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A knot of ribbons worn on the breast.</def> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Breast"pin`</hw> (br&ebreve;st"p&ibreve;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A pin worn on the breast for a fastening, or for ornament; a
brooch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breast"plate`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A plate of metal covering the breast as defensive armor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before his old rusty <i>breastplate</i> could be scoured,
and his cracked headpiece mended.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece against which the workman presses his
breast in operating a breast drill, or other similar tool.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A strap that runs across a horse's breast.</def>
<i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>A part of the vestment of
the high priest, worn upon the front of the ephod. It was a double piece of
richly embroidered stuff, a span square, set with twelve precious stones,
on which were engraved the names of the twelve tribes of Israel. See
<u>Ephod</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Breast"plow`</hw>, <hw>Breast"plough`</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of plow, driven by the breast of the
workman; -- used to cut or pare turf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breast"rail`</hw> (-r&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The upper
rail of any parapet of ordinary height, as of a balcony; the railing of a
quarter-deck, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breast"rope`</hw> (br&ebreve;st"r&omacr;p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Breastband</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breast"sum`mer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A summer or girder extending across a building flush with, and
supporting, the upper part of a front or external wall; a long lintel; a
girder; -- used principally above shop windows.</def> [Written also
<i>brestsummer</i> and <i>bressummer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Breast"wheel`</hw> (br&ebreve;st" hw&emacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A water wheel, on which the stream of water strikes neither so high as
in the overshot wheel, nor so low as in the undershot, but generally at
about half the height of the wheel, being kept in contact with it by the
breasting. The water acts on the float boards partly by impulse, partly by
its weight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breast"work`</hw> (br&ebreve;st"w&ucirc;rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A defensive work of moderate height,
hastily thrown up, of earth or other material.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A railing on the quarter-deck and
forecastle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breath</hw> (br&ebreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>breth</i>,
<i>breeth</i>, AS. <i>br&aemacr;&eth;</i> odor, scent, breath; cf. OHG.
<i>br&amacr;dam</i> steam, vapor, breath, G. <i>brodem</i>, and possibly E.
<u>Brawn</u>, and <u>Breed</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The air inhaled
and exhaled in respiration; air which, in the process of respiration, has
parted with oxygen and has received carbonic acid, aqueous vapor, warmth,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Melted as <i>breath</i> into the wind.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of breathing naturally or freely; the
power or capacity to breathe freely; as, I am out of
<i>breath</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The power of respiration, and hence, life.</def>
<i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou takest away their <i>breath</i>, they die.<BR>
<i>Ps. civ. 29.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Time to breathe; respite; pause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me some <i>breath</i>, some little pause.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A single respiration, or the time of making it;
a single act; an instant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He smiles and he frowns in a <i>breath</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which gives or strengthens
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earthquake voice of victory,<BR>
To thee the <i>breath of life</i>.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A single word; the slightest effort; a
trifle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>breath</i> can make them, as a <i>breath</i> has
made.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A very slight breeze; air in gentle
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Calm and unruffled as a summer's sea,<BR>
when not a <i>breath</i> of wind flies o'er its surface.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Fragrance; exhalation; odor; perfume.</def>
<i>Tennison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>breath</i> of flowers.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Gentle exercise, causing a quicker
respiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An after dinner's <i>breath</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Out of breath</b></col>, <cd>breathless, exhausted; breathing
with difficulty.</cd> -- <col><b>Under one's breath</b></col>, <cd>in low
tones.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Breath"a*ble</hw> (br&emacr;&thlig;"&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as can be breathed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breath"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
breathable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breathe</hw> (br&emacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Breathed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Breathing</u>.] [From <u>Breath</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To respire; to inhale and exhale air; hence;, to
live.</def> "I am in health, I <i>breathe</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Breathes</i> there a man with soul so dead?<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take breath; to rest from action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well! <i>breathe</i> awhile, and then to it again!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass like breath; noiselessly or gently; to
exhale; to emanate; to blow gently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The air <i>breathes</i> upon us here most sweetly.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>breathes</i> a living fragrance from the shore.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Breathe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
inhale and exhale in the process of respiration; to respire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To view the light of heaven, and <i>breathe</i> the vital
air.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inject by breathing; to infuse; -- with
<i>into</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Able to <i>breathe</i> life into a stone.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And the Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground, and
<i>breathed</i> into his nostrils the breath of life.<BR>
<i>Gen. ii. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To emit or utter by the breath; to utter softly;
to whisper; as, to <i>breathe</i> a vow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He softly <i>breathed</i> thy name.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Or let the church, our mother, <i>breathe</i> her curse,<BR>
A mother's curse, on her revolting son.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To exhale; to emit, as breath; as, the flowers
<i>breathe</i> odors or perfumes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To express; to manifest; to give
forth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others articles <i>breathe</i> the same severe spirit.<BR>
<i>Milner.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To act upon by the breath; to cause to sound by
breathing.</def> "They <i>breathe</i> the flute."  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To promote free respiration in; to
exercise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And every man should beat thee. I think thou wast created
for men to <i>breathe</i> themselves upon thee.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To suffer to take breath, or recover the natural
breathing; to rest; as, to <i>breathe</i> a horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A moment <i>breathed</i> his panting steed.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To put out of breath; to exhaust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Tulkinghorn arrives in his turret room, a little
<i>breathed</i> by the journey up.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>To utter without vocality,
as the nonvocal consonants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The same sound may be pronounces either <i>breathed</i>,
voiced, or whispered.<BR>
<i>H. Sweet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Breathed</i> elements, being already voiceless, remain
unchanged [in whispering].<BR>
<i>H. Sweet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To breathe again</b></col>, <cd>to take breath; to feel a sense
of relief, as from danger, responsibility, or press of business.</cd> --
<col><b>To breathe one's last</b></col>, <cd>to die; to expire.</cd> --
<col><b>To breathe a vein</b></col>, <cd>to open a vein; to let blood.</cd>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Breath"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who breathes. Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> One who
lives.<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> One who utters. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> One who
animates or inspires.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which puts one out of breath, as violent
exercise.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Breath"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of breath;
full of odor; fragrant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Breath"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Respiration; the act of inhaling and exhaling air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Subject to a difficulty of <i>breathing</i>.<BR>
<i>Melmoth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Air in gentle motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any gentle influence or operation; inspiration;
as, the <i>breathings</i> of the Spirit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Aspiration; secret prayer.</def> "Earnest
desires and <i>breathings</i> after that blessed state."
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Exercising; promotion of respiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here is a lady that wants <i>breathing</i> too;<BR>
And I have heard, you knights of Tyre<BR>
Are excellent in making ladies trip.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Utterance; communication or publicity by
words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am sorry to give <i>breathing</i> to my purpose.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Breathing place; vent.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Stop; pause; delay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You shake the head at so long a <i>breathing</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Also, in a wider sense, the sound caused by the
friction of the outgoing breath in the throat, mouth, etc., when the
glottis is wide open; aspiration; the sound expressed by the letter
<i>h</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 179 !></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Gram.)</i> <def>A mark to indicate
aspiration or its absence. See <i>Rough breathing</i>, <i>Smooth
breathing</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Breathing place</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A pause.</cd>
"That c&aelig;sura, or <i>breathing place</i>, in the midst of the verse."
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A vent.</cd> --
<col><b>Breathing time</b></col>, <cd>pause; relaxation.</cd> <i>Bp.
Hall.</i> -- <col><b>Breathing while</b></col>, <cd>time sufficient for
drawing breath; a short time.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Rough
breathing</b></col> (<i>spiritus asper</i>) (&spasp;). <cd>See 2d
<u>Asper</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Smooth
breathing</b></col> (<i>spiritus lenis</i>), <cd>a mark (') indicating the
absence of the sound of <i>h</i>, as in <grk>'ie`nai</grk>
(<i>ienai</i>).</cd><BR>
</p>

<p><hw>Breath"less</hw> (br&ebreve;th"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Spent with labor or violent action; out of
breath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not breathing; holding the breath, on account of
fear, expectation, or intense interest; attended with a holding of the
breath; as, <i>breathless</i> attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>breathless</i>, as we grow when feeling most.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dead; as, a <i>breathless</i> body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breath"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a breathless
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breath"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
breathless or out of breath.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Brec"cia</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., breach, pebble,
fragments of stone, fr. F. <i>br&egrave;che</i>; of German origin. See
<u>Breach</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A rock composed of angular fragments
either of the same mineral or of different minerals, etc., united by a
cement, and commonly presenting a variety of colors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bone breccia</b></col>, <cd>a breccia containing bones, usually
fragmentary.</cd> -- <col><b>Coin breccia</b></col>, <cd>a breccia
containing coins.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brec"ci*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
angular fragments cemented together; resembling breccia in
appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>brecciated</i> appearance of many specimens [of
meteorites].<BR>
<i>H. A. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bred</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Breed</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bred out</b></col>, <cd>degenerated.</cd>  "The strain of man's
<i>bred out</i> into baboon and monkey." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Bred to
arms</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Arms</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Well
bred</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Of a good family; having a good
pedigree.</cd> "A gentleman <i>well bred</i> and of good name."
<i>Shak.</i> [Obs., except as applied to domestic animals.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Well brought up, as shown in having good manners;
cultivated; refined; polite.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Brede</hw>, or <hw>Breede</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Breadth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brede</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Braid</u> woven
cord.] <def>A braid.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Half lapped in glowing gauze and golden <i>brede</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Breech</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Breeches</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The lower part of the body behind; the
buttocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Breeches.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The hinder part of anything; esp., the part of a
cannon, or other firearm, behind the chamber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The external angle of knee
timber, the inside of which is called the <i>throat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breech</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Breeched</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Breeching</u>
(&?;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put into, or clothe with,
breeches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A great man . . . anxious to know whether the blacksmith's
youngest boy was <i>breeched</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover as with breeches.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their daggers unmannerly <i>breeched</i> with gore.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fit or furnish with a breech; as, to
<i>breech</i> a gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To whip on the breech.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Had not a courteous serving man conveyed me away, whilst he
went to fetch whips, I think, in my conscience, he would have
<i>breeched</i> me.<BR>
<i>Old Play.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To fasten with breeching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breech"block</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The movable piece
which closes the breech of a breech-loading firearm, and resists the
backward force of the discharge. It is withdrawn for the insertion of a
cartridge, and closed again before the gun is fired.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breech"cloth`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cloth worn
around the breech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breech"es</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brech</i>,
<i>brek</i>, AS. <i>br&emacr;k</i>, pl. of <i>br&omacr;c</i> breech,
breeches; akin to Icel. <i>br&omacr;k</i> breeches, ODan. <i>brog</i>, D.
<i>broek</i>, G. <i>bruch</i>; cf. L. <i>bracae</i>, <i>braccae</i>, which
is of Celtic origin. Cf. <u>Brail</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A garment
worn by men, covering the hips and thighs; smallclothes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His jacket was red, and his <i>breeches</i> were blue.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Trousers; pantaloons.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Breeches buoy</b></col>, <cd>in the life-saving service, a pair
of canvas breeches depending from an annular or beltlike life buoy which is
usually of cork. This contrivance, inclosing the person to be rescued, is
hung by short ropes from a block which runs upon the hawser stretched from
the ship to the shore, and is drawn to land by hauling lines.</cd> --
<col><b>Breeches pipe</b></col>, <cd>a forked pipe forming two branches
united at one end.</cd> -- <col><b>Knee breeches</b></col>, <cd>breeches
coming to the knee, and buckled or fastened there; smallclothes.</cd> --
<col><b>To wear the breeches</b></col>, <cd>to usurp the authority of the
husband; -- said of a wife.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Breech"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A whipping on the breech, or the act of whipping on the
breech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I view the prince with Aristarchus' eyes,<BR>
Whose looks were as a <i>breeching</i> to a boy.<BR>
<i>Marlowe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of a harness which passes round the
breech of a horse, enabling him to hold back a vehicle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A strong rope rove through the
cascabel of a cannon and secured to ringbolts in the ship's side, to limit
the recoil of the gun when it is discharged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The sheet iron casing at the end of boilers to
convey the smoke from the flues to the smokestack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breech"load`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A firearm which
receives its load at the breech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For cavalry, the revolver and <i>breechloader</i> will
supersede the saber.<BR>
<i>Rep. Sec. War (1860).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Breech"-load`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Receiving the
charge at the breech instead of at the muzzle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Breech" pin`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Breech" screw`</hw>  } (&?;). <def>A
strong iron or steel plug screwed into the breech of a musket or other
firearm, to close the bottom of the bore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breech" sight`</hw> (&?;). <def>A device attached to the breech of a
firearm, to guide the eye, in conjunction with the front sight, in taking
aim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bred</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Breeding</u>.] [OE. <i>breden</i>, AS. <i>br&emacr;dan</i> to nourish,
cherish, keep warm, from <i>br&omacr;d</i> brood; akin to D. <i>broeden</i>
to brood, OHG. <i>bruoten</i>, G. <i>br&uuml;ten</i>. See <u>Brood</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To produce as offspring; to bring forth; to bear;
to procreate; to generate; to beget; to hatch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet every mother <i>breeds</i> not sons alike.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If the sun <i>breed</i> maggots in a dead dog.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take care of in infancy, and through the age
of youth; to bring up; to nurse and foster.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To bring thee forth with pain, with care to
<i>breed</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Born and <i>bred</i> on the verge of the wilderness.<BR>
<i>Everett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To educate; to instruct; to form by education;
to train; -- sometimes followed by <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But no care was taken to <i>breed</i> him a Protestant.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His farm may not remove his children too far from him, or
the trade he <i>breeds</i> them up in.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To engender; to cause; to occasion; to
originate; to produce; as, to <i>breed</i> a storm; to <i>breed</i>
disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest the place<BR>
And my quaint habits <i>breed</i> astonishment.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To give birth to; to be the native place of; as,
a pond <i>breeds</i> fish; a northern country <i>breeds</i> stout
men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To raise, as any kind of stock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To produce or obtain by any natural
process.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Children would <i>breed</i> their teeth with less
danger.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To engender; generate; beget; produce; hatch; originate;
bring up; nourish; train; instruct.</p>

<p><hw>Breed</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bear
and nourish young; to reproduce or multiply itself; to be
pregnant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That they <i>breed</i> abundantly in the earth.<BR>
<i>Gen. viii. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The mother had never <i>bred</i> before.<BR>
<i>Carpenter.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ant</i>. Is your gold and silver ewes and rams?<BR>
<i>Shy</i>. I can not tell. I make it <i>breed</i> as fast.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be formed in the parent or dam; to be
generated, or to grow, as young before birth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have birth; to be produced or
multiplied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heavens rain grace<BR>
On that which <i>breeds</i> between them.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To raise a breed; to get progeny.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The kind of animal which you wish to <i>breed</i> from.<BR>
<i>Gardner.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To breed in and in</b></col>, <cd>to breed from animals of the
same stock that are closely related.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Breed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A race or
variety of men or other animals (or of plants), perpetuating its special or
distinctive characteristics by inheritance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Twice fifteen thousand hearts of England's <i>breed</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Greyhounds of the best <i>breed</i>.<BR>
<i>Carpenter.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Class; sort; kind; -- of men, things, or
qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Are these the <i>breed</i> of wits so wondered at?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This courtesy is not of the right <i>breed</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A number produced at once; a brood.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Breed</i> is usually applied to domestic animals;
<i>species</i> or <i>variety</i> to wild animals and to plants; and
<i>race</i> to men.</p>

<p><hw>Breed"bate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who breeds or
originates quarrels.</def> [Obs.] "No telltale nor no <i>breedbate</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Breed"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, breeds, produces, brings up, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She was a great <i>breeder</i>.<BR>
<i>Dr. A. Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Italy and Rome have been the best <i>breeders</i> of worthy
men.<BR>
<i>Ascham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cause.</def> "The <i>breeder</i> of my
sorrow."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Breed"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of generating or bearing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The raising or improving of any kind of domestic
animals; as, farmers should pay attention to <i>breeding</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Nurture; education; formation of
manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She had her <i>breeding</i> at my father's charge.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Deportment or behavior in the external offices
and decorums of social life; manners; knowledge of, or training in, the
ceremonies, or polite observances of society.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Delicacy of <i>breeding</i>, or that polite deference and
respect which civility obliges us either to express or counterfeit towards
the persons with whom we converse.<BR>
<i>Hume.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Descent; pedigree; extraction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Honest gentlemen, I know not your <i>breeding</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Close breeding</b></col>, <col><b>In and in breeding</b></col>,
<cd>breeding from a male and female from the same parentage.</cd> --
<col><b>Cross breeding</b></col>, <cd>breeding from a male and female of
different lineage.</cd> -- <col><b>Good breeding</b></col>, <cd>politeness;
genteel deportment.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Education; instruction; nurture; training; manners. See
<u>Education</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Breeze</hw> (&?;), <hw>Breeze" fly`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>brese</i>, AS. <i>bri&oacute;sa</i>; perh. akin to OHG.
<i>brimissa</i>, G. <i>breme</i>, <i>bremse</i>, D. <i>brems</i>, which are
akin to G. <i>brummen</i> to growl, buzz, grumble, L. <i>fremere</i> to
murmur; cf. G. <i>brausen</i>, Sw. <i>brusa</i>, Dan. <i>bruse</i>, to
roar, rush.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fly of various species, of the
family <i>Tabanid&aelig;</i>, noted for buzzing about animals, and
tormenting them by sucking their blood; -- called also <i>horsefly</i>, and
<i>gadfly</i>. They are among the largest of two-winged or dipterous
insects. The name is also given to different species of botflies.</def>
[Written also <i>breese</i> and <i>brize</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Breeze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>brise</i>; akin to It.
<i>brezza</i> breeze, Sp. <i>briza</i>, <i>brisa</i>, a breeze from
northeast, Pg. <i>briza</i> northeast wind; of uncertain origin; cf. F.
<i>bise</i>, Pr. <i>bisa</i>, OHG. <i>bisa</i>, north wind, Arm. <i>biz</i>
northeast wind.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A light, gentle wind; a fresh,
soft-blowing wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Into a gradual calm the <i>breezes</i> sink.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An excited or ruffed state of feeling; a flurry
of excitement; a disturbance; a quarrel; as, the discovery produced a
<i>breeze</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Land breeze</b></col>, <cd>a wind blowing from the land,
generally at night.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea breeze</b></col>, <cd>a breeze or
wind blowing, generally in the daytime, from the sea.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Breeze</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>braise</i> cinders,
live coals. See <u>Brasier</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Refuse left in the
process of making coke or burning charcoal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Brickmaking)</i> <def>Refuse coal, coal ashes,
and cinders, used in the burning of bricks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breeze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To blow gently.</def> [R.]
<i>J. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To breeze up</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to blow with
increasing freshness.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Breeze"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Motionless; destitute of
breezes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A stagnant, <i>breezeless</i> air becalms my soul.<BR>
<i>Shenstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Breez"i*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
breezy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breez"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Characterized by, or having, breezes; airy.</def> "A <i>breezy</i> day
in May."  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'Mid lawns and shades by <i>breezy</i> rivulets fanned.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fresh; brisk; full of life.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Breg"ma</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the front part
of the head: cf. F. <i>bregma</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The point of
junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures of the skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breg*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the bregma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bre"hon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>breitheamh</i>
judge.] <def>An ancient Irish or Scotch judge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Brehon laws</b></col>, <cd>the ancient Irish laws, -- unwritten,
like the common law of England. They were abolished by statute of Edward
III.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Breme</hw> (br&emacr;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>breme</i>,
<i>brime</i>, fierce, impetuous, glorious, AS. <i>br&emacr;me</i>,
<i>br&ymacr;me</i>, famous. Cf. <u>Brim</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fierce; sharp; severe; cruel.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From the septentrion cold, in the <i>breme</i> freezing
air.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Famous; renowned; well known.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p>[Written also <i>brim</i> and <i>brimme</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Bren</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bren"ne</hw> (&?;), } <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Brent</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Brenning</u>.] [See <u>Burn</u>.] <def>To
burn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Consuming fire <i>brent</i> his shearing house or stall.<BR>
<i>W. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bren</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bran.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bren"nage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>brenage</i>; cf.
LL. <i>brennagium</i>, <i>brenagium</i>. See <u>Bran</u>.] <i>(Old Eng.
Law)</i> <def>A tribute which tenants paid to their lord, in lieu of bran,
which they were obliged to furnish for his hounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bren"ning*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Burningly;
ardently.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Brent</hw> (&?;), <hw>Brant</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>brant</i>; akin to Dan. <i>brat</i>, Icel. <i>brattr</i>, steep.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Steep; high.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Grapes grow on the <i>brant</i> rocks so wonderfully that ye
will marvel how any man dare climb up to them.<BR>
<i>Ascham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Smooth; unwrinkled.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Your bonnie brow was <i>brent</i>.<BR>
<i>Burns.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brent</hw>, <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Bren</u>.
<def>Burnt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Brent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Brant</u>.] <def>A brant.
See <u>Brant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breq"uet chain`</hw> (&?;). <def>A watch-guard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brere</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brier.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brest</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>3d sing.pr.</i></pos> <def>for
<i>Bursteth</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Brest</hw>, <hw>Breast</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A torus.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bres"te</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Brast</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Brusten</u>, <u>Borsten</u>, <u>Bursten</u>.] <def>To burst.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brest"sum`mer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Breastsummer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bret</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Birt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bret"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. also <i>brerdful</i>,
fr. <i>brerd</i> top, brim, AS. <i>brerd</i>.] <def>Brimful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Breth"ren</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Brother</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This form of the plural is used, for the most part, in solemn
address, and in speaking of religious sects or fraternities, or their
members.</p>

<p><hw>Bret"on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>breton</i>.] <def>Of
or relating to Brittany, or Bretagne, in France.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of Brittany, or Bretagne,
in France; also, the ancient language of Brittany; Armorican.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brett</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Britzska</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bret"tice</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Brettices</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>bretasce</i>, <i>bretage</i>,
parapet, OF. <i>bretesche</i> wooden tower, F. <i>bret&egrave;che</i>, LL.
<i>breteschia</i>, <i>bertresca</i>, prob. fr. OHG. <i>bret</i>, G.
<i>brett</i> board; akin to E. <i>board</i>. See <u>Board</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Bartizan</u>.] <def>The wooden boarding
used in supporting the roofs and walls of coal mines. See
<u>Brattice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bret"wal*da</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>Bretwalda</i>,
<i>br&?;ten walda</i>, a powerful ruler.] <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>The
official title applied to that one of the Anglo-Saxon chieftains who was
chosen by the other chiefs to lead them in their warfare against the
British tribes.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bret"zel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>See
<u>Pretzel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breve</hw> (br&emacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. &amp; (in sense 2)
LL. <i>breve</i>, fr. L. <i>brevis</i> short. See <u>Brief</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A note or character of time,
equivalent to two semibreves or four minims. When dotted, it is equal to
three semibreves. It was formerly of a square figure (as thus: &?; ), but
is now made oval, with a line perpendicular to the staff on each of its
sides; -- formerly much used for choir service.</def>  <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Any writ or precept under seal,
issued out of any court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A curved mark [&breve;] used
commonly to indicate the short quantity of a vowel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The great ant thrush of
Sumatra (<i>Pitta gigas</i>), which has a very short tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bre*vet"</hw> (br&esl;*v&ebreve;t"; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>brevet</i>, LL. <i>brevetum</i>, fr. L. <i>brevis</i> short. See
<u>Brief</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A warrant from the government,
granting a privilege, title, or dignity. [French usage].</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A commission giving an officer
higher rank than that for which he receives pay; an honorary promotion of
an officer.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States army, rank by <i>brevet</i> is conferred, by
and with the advice and consent of the Senate, for "gallant actions or
meritorious services." A <i>brevet</i> rank gives no right of command in
the particular corps to which the officer brevetted belongs, and can be
exercised only by special assignment of the President, or on court martial,
and detachments composed of different corps, with pay of the <i>brevet</i>
rank when on such duty.</p>

<p><! p. 180 !></p>

<p><hw>Bre*vet"</hw> (br&esl;*v&ebreve;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Brevetted</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Brevetting</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To confer rank upon
by brevet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bre*vet"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Taking or
conferring rank by brevet; as, a <i>brevet</i> colonel; a <i>brevet</i>
commission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bre*vet"cy</hw> (br&esl;*v&ebreve;t"s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Brevetcies</b></plw> (-
s&ibreve;z). <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The rank or condition of a brevet
officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bre"vi*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Breviaries</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>br&eacute;viarie</i>, L.
<i>breviarium</i> summary, abridgment, neut. noun fr. <i>breviarius</i>
abridged, fr. <i>brevis</i> short. See <u>Brief</u>, and cf.
<u>Brevier</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An abridgment; a compend; an
epitome; a brief account or summary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A book entitled the abridgment or <i>breviary</i> of those
roots that are to be cut up or gathered.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A book containing the daily public or canonical
prayers of the Roman Catholic or of the Greek Church for the seven
canonical hours, namely, matins and lauds, the first, third, sixth, and
ninth hours, vespers, and compline; -- distinguished from the
<i>missal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bre"vi*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>breviatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>breviare</i> to shorten, <i>brevis</i> short.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A short compend; a summary; a brief statement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I omit in this <i>breviate</i> to rehearse.<BR>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The same little <i>breviates</i> of infidelity have . . .
been published and dispersed with great activity.<BR>
<i>Bp. Porteus.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lawyer's brief.</def> [R.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bre"vi*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
abbreviate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bre"vi*a*ture</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An abbreviature;
an abbreviation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bre*vier"</hw> (br&esl;*v&emacr;r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob.
from being originally used in printing a <i>breviary</i>. See
<u>Breviary</u>.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A size of type between bourgeois and
minion.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This line is printed in <i>brevier</i> type.</p>

<p><hw>Bre*vil"o*quence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>breviloquentia</i>.] <def>A brief and pertinent mode of speaking.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Brev"i*ped</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>brevis</i> short
+ <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot: cf. F. <i>br&eacute;vip&egrave;de</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having short legs.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A breviped bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brev"i*pen</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>brevis</i> short
+ <i>penna</i> wing: cf. F. <i>br&eacute;vipenne</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A brevipennate bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brev`i*pen"nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>brevis</i>
short + E. <i>pennate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Short-winged; --
applied to birds which can not fly, owing to their short wings, as the
ostrich, cassowary, and emu.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Brev`i*ros"tral</hw> (&?;), <hw>Brev`i*ros"trate</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>brevis</i> short + E. <i>rostral</i>,
<i>rostrate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Short-billed; having a short
beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brev"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Brevities</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>brevitas</i>, fr. <i>brevis</i>
short: cf. F. <i>bri&egrave;vit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Brief</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shortness of duration; briefness of time; as, the
<i>brevity</i> of human life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contraction into few words;
conciseness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Brevity</i> is the soul of wit.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This argument is stated by St. John with his usual elegant
<i>brevity</i> and simplicity.<BR>
<i>Bp. Porteus.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Shortness; conciseness; succinctness; terseness.</p>

<p><hw>Brew</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brewed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Brewing</u>.] [OE. <i>brewen</i>, AS. <i>bre&oacute;wan</i>; akin to D.
<i>brouwen</i>, OHG. <i>priuwan</i>, MHG. <i>briuwen</i>, <i>br&?;wen</i>,
G. <i>brauen</i>, Icel. <i>brugga</i>, Sw. <i>brygga</i>, Dan.
<i>brygge</i>, and perh. to L. <i>defrutum</i> must boiled down, Gr. &?;
(for &?;?) a kind of beer. The original meaning seems to have been <i>to
prepare by heat</i>. &radic;93. Cf. <u>Broth</u>, <u>Bread</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To boil or seethe; to cook.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prepare, as beer or other liquor, from malt
and hops, or from other materials, by steeping, boiling, and
fermentation.</def> "She <i>brews</i> good ale."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To prepare by steeping and mingling; to
concoct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, <i>brew</i> me a pottle of sack finely.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To foment or prepare, as by brewing; to
contrive; to plot; to concoct; to hatch; as, to <i>brew</i>
mischief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hence with thy <i>brewed</i> enchantments, foul
deceiver!<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brew</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
attend to the business, or go through the processes, of brewing or making
beer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I wash, wring, <i>brew</i>, bake, scour.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in a state of preparation; to be mixing,
forming, or gathering; as, a storm <i>brews</i> in the west.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is some ill a-<i>brewing</i> towards my rest.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brew</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mixture formed by
brewing; that which is brewed.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brew"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Malt liquor; drink
brewed.</def> "Some well-spiced <i>brewage</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A rich <i>brewage</i>, made of the best Spanish wine.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brew"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who brews; one
whose occupation is to prepare malt liquors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brew"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brewhouse; the
building and apparatus where brewing is carried on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brew"house`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house or
building appropriated to brewing; a brewery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brew"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of preparing liquors which are brewed, as beer and
ale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quantity brewed at once.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>brewing</i> of new beer, set by old beer.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mixing together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am not able to avouch anything for certainty, such a
<i>brewing</i> and sophistication of them they make.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A gathering or forming of a storm
or squall, indicated by thick, dark clouds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brew"is</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brewis</i>,
<i>brouwys</i>, <i>browesse</i>, <i>brewet</i>, OF. <i>brouet</i>, <i>-
s</i> being the OF. ending of the nom. sing. and acc. pl.; dim. of OHG.
<i>brod</i>. &radic;93. See <u>Broth</u>, and cf. <u>Brose</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Broth or pottage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let them of their Bonner's "beef" and "broth" make what
<i>brewis</i> they please for their credulous guests.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bread soaked in broth, drippings of roast meat,
milk, or water and butter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brews"ter*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Sir
David <i>Brewster</i>.] <def>A rare zeolitic mineral occurring in white
monoclinic crystals with pearly luster. It is a hydrous silicate of
aluminia, baryta, and strontia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brez"i*lin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Brazilin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bri"ar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Brier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bri*a"re*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Briareius</i>,
fr. <i>Briareus</i> a mythological hundred-handed giant, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
strong.] <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, Briareus, a giant fabled to
have a hundred hands; hence, hundred-handed or many-handed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brib"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
bribed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A more <i>bribable</i> class of electors.<BR>
<i>S. Edwards.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bribe</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bribe</i> a lump of
bread, scraps, leavings of meals (that are generally given to a beggar),
LL. <i>briba</i> scrap of bread; cf. OF. <i>briber</i>, <i>brifer</i>, to
eat gluttonously, to beg, and OHG. <i>bilibi</i> food.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A gift begged; a present.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A price, reward, gift, or favor bestowed or
promised with a view to prevent the judgment or corrupt the conduct of a
judge, witness, voter, or other person in a position of trust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Undue reward for anything against justice is a
<i>bribe</i>.<BR>
<i>Hobart.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which seduces; seduction;
allurement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not the <i>bribes</i> of sordid wealth can seduce to leave
these ever&?;blooming sweets.<BR>
<i>Akenside.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bribe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bribed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bribing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rob or steal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give or promise a reward or consideration to
(a judge, juror, legislator, voter, or other person in a position of trust)
with a view to prevent the judgment or corrupt the conduct; to induce or
influence by a bribe; to give a bribe to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither is he worthy who <i>bribes</i> a man to vote against
his conscience.<BR>
<i>F. W. Robertson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To gain by a bribe; of induce as by a
bribe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bribe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
commit robbery or theft.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a bribe to a person; to pervert the
judgment or corrupt the action of a person in a position of trust, by some
gift or promise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An attempt to <i>bribe</i>, though unsuccessful, has been
holden to be criminal, and the offender may be indicted.<BR>
<i>Bouvier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The bard may supplicate, but cannot <i>bribe</i>.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bribe"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of being
bribed; free from bribes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From thence to heaven's <i>bribeless</i> hall.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brib"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thief.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who bribes, or pays for corrupt
practices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which bribes; a bribe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His service . . . were a sufficient <i>briber</i> for his
life.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brib"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Briberies</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>brybery</i> rascality, OF.
<i>briberie</i>. See <u>Bribe</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Robbery; extortion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of giving or taking bribes;
the act of influencing the official or political action of another by
corrupt inducements.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bribery oath</b></col>, <cd>an oath taken by a person that he
has not been bribed as to voting.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bric"-a brac`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Miscellaneous curiosities and works of decorative art, considered
collectively.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A piece of bric-a-brac</b></col>, <cd>any curious or antique
article of virtu, as a piece of antiquated furniture or metal work, or an
odd knickknack.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brick</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brik</i>, F.
<i>brique</i>; of Ger. origin; cf. AS. <i>brice</i> a breaking, fragment,
Prov. E. <i>brique</i> piece, <i>brique de pain</i>, equiv. to AS.
<i>hl&amacr;fes brice</i>, fr. the root of E. <i>break</i>. See
<u>Break</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A block or clay tempered with water,
sand, etc., molded into a regular form, usually rectangular, and sun-dried,
or burnt in a kiln, or in a heap or stack called a clamp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Assyrians appear to have made much less use of
<i>bricks</i> baked in the furnace than the Babylonians.<BR>
<i>Layard.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bricks, collectively, as designating that kind
of material; as, a load of <i>brick</i>; a thousand of
<i>brick</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some of Palladio's finest examples are of <i>brick</i>.<BR>
<i>Weale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any oblong rectangular mass; as, a <i>brick</i>
of maple sugar; a penny <i>brick</i> (of bread).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A good fellow; a merry person; as, you 're a
<i>brick</i>.</def> [Slang] "He 's a dear little <i>brick</i>."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To have a brick in one's hat</b></col>, <cd>to be drunk.</cd>
[Slang]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Brick</i> is used adjectively or in combination; as,
<i>brick</i> wall; <i>brick</i> clay; <i>brick</i> color; <i>brick</i>
red.</p>

<p><col><b>Brick clay</b></col>, <cd>clay suitable for, or used in making,
bricks.</cd> -- <col><b>Brick dust</b></col>, <cd>dust of pounded or broken
bricks.</cd> -- <col><b>Brick earth</b></col>, <cd>clay or earth suitable
for, or used in making, bricks.</cd> -- <col><b>Brick loaf</b></col>, <cd>a
loaf of bread somewhat resembling a brick in shape.</cd> -- <col><b>Brick
nogging</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>rough brickwork used to fill in the
spaces between the uprights of a wooden partition; brick filling.</cd> --
<col><b>Brick tea</b></col>, <cd>tea leaves and young shoots, or refuse
tea, steamed or mixed with fat, etc., and pressed into the form of bricks.
It is used in Northern and Central Asia.</cd> <i>S. W. Williams.</i> --
<col><b>Brick trimmer</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a brick arch under a
hearth, usually within the thickness of a wooden floor, to guard against
accidents by fire.</cd> -- <col><b>Brick trowel</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Trowel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Brick works</b></col>, <cd>a place where
bricks are made.</cd> -- <col><b>Bath brick</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bath</u>, a city.</cd> -- <col><b>Pressed brick</b></col>, <cd>bricks
which, before burning, have been subjected to pressure, to free them from
the imperfections of shape and texture which are common in molded
bricks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bricked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bricking</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay or pave with bricks; to surround, line, or
construct with bricks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To imitate or counterfeit a brick wall on, as by
smearing plaster with red ocher, making the joints with an edge tool, and
pointing them.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To brick up</b></col>, <cd>to fill up, inclose, or line, with
brick.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brick"bat`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piece or fragment
of a brick. See <u>Bat</u>, 4.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brick"kiln`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kiln, or
furnace, in which bricks are baked or burnt; or a pile of green bricks,
laid loose, with arches underneath to receive the wood or fuel for burning
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brick"lay`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Brick</i> +
<i>lay</i>.] <def>One whose occupation is to build with bricks.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bricklayer's itch</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Itch</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brick"lay`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of building
with bricks, or of uniting them by cement or mortar into various forms; the
act or occupation of laying bricks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bric"kle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brekil</i>,
<i>brokel</i>, <i>bruchel</i>, fr. AS. <i>brecan</i>, E. <i>break</i>. Cf.
<u>Brittle</u>.] <def>Brittle; easily broken.</def> [Obs. or Prov.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As stubborn steel excels the <i>brickle</i> glass.<BR>
<i>Turbervile.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bric"kle*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Brittleness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Brick"mak`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to make bricks.</def> -- <wf>Brick"mak*ing</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Brick"work`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything made of bricks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Niches in <i>brickwork</i> form the most difficult part of
the bricklayer's art.<BR>
<i>Tomlinson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of building with or laying
bricks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brick"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of bricks; formed
of bricks; resembling bricks or brick dust.</def> [R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brick"yard`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where
bricks are made, especially an inclosed place.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bri*cole"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>A kind of traces with hooks and rings, with which men drag and
maneuver guns where horses can not be used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bird.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brid"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Bride</u>. Cf.
<u>Bridal</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Of or pertaining to a bride, or
to wedding; nuptial; as, <i>bridal</i> ornaments; a <i>bridal</i> outfit; a
<i>bridal</i> chamber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brid"al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bridale</i>,
<i>brudale</i>, AS. <i>br&ymacr;dealo</i> brideale, bridal feast. See
<u>Bride</u>, and <u>Ale</u>, 2.] <def>A nuptial festival or ceremony; a
marriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet day, so cool, so calm, so bright,<BR>
The <i>bridal</i> of the earth and sky.<BR>
<i>Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brid"al*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Celebration of the
nuptial feast.</def> [Obs.] "In honor of this <i>bridalty</i>."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bride</hw> (br&imacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bride</i>,
<i>brid</i>, <i>brude</i>, <i>brud</i>, <i>burd</i>, AS. <i>br&ymacr;d</i>;
akin to OFries. <i>breid</i>, OSax. <i>br&umacr;d</i>, D. <i>bruid</i>,
OHG. <i>pr&umacr;t</i>, <i>br&umacr;t</i>, G. <i>braut</i>, Icel.
<i>br&umacr;&eth;r</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>brud</i>, Goth.
<i>br&umacr;&thorn;s</i>; cf. Armor. <i>pried</i> spouse, W. <i>priawd</i>
a married person.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman newly married, or about
to be married.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Has by his own experience tried<BR>
How much the wife is dearer than the <i>bride</i>.<BR>
<i>Lyttleton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I will show thee the <i>bride</i>, the Lamb's wife.<BR>
<i>Rev. xxi. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: An object ardently loved.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bride of the sea</b></col>, <cd>the city of Venice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bride</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a bride of.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bride"-ale`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bridal</u>.]
<def>A rustic wedding feast; a bridal. See <u>Ale</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man that 's bid to <i>bride-ale</i>, if he ha' cake,<BR>
And drink enough, he need not fear his stake.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bride"bed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The marriage
bed.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Bride"cake`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rich or highly
ornamented cake, to be distributed to the guests at a wedding, or sent to
friends after the wedding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bride"cham`ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The nuptial
apartment.</def>  <i>Matt. ix. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bride"groom`</hw> (-gr&oomac;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>bridegome</i>, <i>brudgume</i>, AS. <i>br&ymacr;dguma</i> (akin to OS.
<i>br&umacr;digumo</i>, D. <i>bruidegom</i>, <i>bruigom</i>, OHG.
<i>pr&umacr;tigomo</i>, MHG. <i>briutegome</i>, G. <i>br&auml;utigam</i>);
AS. <i>br&ymacr;d</i> bride + <i>guma</i> man, akin to Goth. <i>guma</i>,
Icel. <i>gumi</i>, OHG. <i>gomo</i>, L. <i>homo</i>; the insertion of
<i>r</i> being caused by confusion with <i>groom</i>. See <u>Bride</u>, and
cf. <u>Groom</u>, <u>Homage</u>.] <def>A man newly married, or just about
to be married.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bride"knot`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A knot of ribbons
worn by a guest at a wedding; a wedding favor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bride"maid`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Bride"man</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Bridesmaid</u>,
<u>Bridesman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brides"maid`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female friend
who attends on a bride at her wedding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brides"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bridesmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A male friend who attends upon a
bridegroom and bride at their marriage; the "best man."</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bride"stake`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stake or post
set in the ground, for guests at a wedding to dance round.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Divide the broad bridecake<BR>
Round about the <i>bridestake</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bride"well</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house of
correction for the confinement of disorderly persons; -- so called from a
hospital built in 1553 near <i>St. Bride's (or Bridget's) well</i>, in
London, which was subsequently a penal workhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bridge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brig</i>,
<i>brigge</i>, <i>brug</i>, <i>brugge</i>, AS. <i>brycg</i>, <i>bricg</i>;
akin to Fries. <i>bregge</i>, D. <i>brug</i>, OHG. <i>brucca</i>, G.
<i>br&uuml;cke</i>, Icel. <i>bryggja</i> pier, bridge, Sw. <i>brygga</i>,
Dan. <i>brygge</i>, and prob. Icel. <i>br&umacr;</i> bridge, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>bro</i> bridge, pavement, and possibly to E. <i>brow</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A structure, usually of wood, stone, brick, or
iron, erected over a river or other water course, or over a chasm,
railroad, etc., to make a passageway from one bank to the other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything supported at the ends, which serves to
keep some other thing from resting upon the object spanned, as in
engraving, watchmaking, etc., or which forms a platform or staging over
which something passes or is conveyed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The small arch or bar at right
angles to the strings of a violin, guitar, etc., serving of raise them and
transmit their vibrations to the body of the instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A device to measure the
resistance of a wire or other conductor forming part of an electric
circuit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A low wall or vertical partition in the fire
chamber of a furnace, for deflecting flame, etc.; -- usually called a
<i>bridge wall</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aqueduct bridge</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Aqueduct</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Asses' bridge</b></col>, <col><b>Bascule bridge</b></col>,
<col><b>Bateau bridge</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ass</u>, <u>Bascule</u>,
<u>Bateau</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bridge of a steamer</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a narrow platform across the deck, above the rail, for
the convenience of the officer in charge of the ship; in paddlewheel
vessels it connects the paddle boxes.</cd> -- <col><b>Bridge of the
nose</b></col>, <cd>the upper, bony part of the nose.</cd> --
<col><b>Cantalever bridge</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cantalever</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Draw bridge</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Drawbridge</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Flying bridge</b></col>, <cd>a temporary bridge suspended or
floating, as for the passage of armies; also, a floating structure
connected by a cable with an anchor or pier up stream, and made to pass
from bank to bank by the action of the current or other means.</cd> --
<col><b>Girder bridge</b></col> <i>or</i> <col><b>Truss bridge</b></col>,
<cd>a bridge formed by girders, or by trusses resting upon abutments or
piers.</cd> -- <col><b>Lattice bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge formed by
lattice girders.</cd> -- <col><b>Pontoon bridge</b></col>, <col><b>Ponton
bridge</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Pontoon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Skew
bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge built obliquely from bank to bank, as
sometimes required in railway engineering.</cd> -- <col><b>Suspension
bridge</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Suspension</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Trestle
bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge formed of a series of short, simple girders
resting on trestles.</cd> -- <col><b>Tubular bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge
in the form of a hollow trunk or rectangular tube, with cellular walls made
of iron plates riveted together, as the Britannia bridge over the Menai
Strait, and the Victoria bridge at Montreal.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheatstone's
bridge</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a device for the measurement of
resistances, so called because the balance between the resistances to be
measured is indicated by the absence of a current in a certain wire forming
a bridge or connection between two points of the apparatus; -- invented by
Sir Charles <i>Wheatstone</i>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 181 !></p>

<p><hw>Bridge</hw> (br&ibreve;j), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bridged</u> (br&ibreve;jd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Bridging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To build a bridge or
bridges on or over; as, to <i>bridge</i> a river.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their simple engineering <i>bridged</i> with felled trees
the streams which could not be forded.<BR>
<i>Palfrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To open or make a passage, as by a
bridge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Xerxes . . . over Hellespont<BR>
<i>Bridging</i> his way, Europe with Asia joined.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To find a way of getting over, as a difficulty;
-- generally with <i>over</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bridge"board`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A notched board to which the treads and risers of the
steps of wooden stairs are fastened.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A board or plank used as a bridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bridge"head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fortification
commanding the extremity of a bridge nearest the enemy, to insure the
preservation and usefulness of the bridge, and prevent the enemy from
crossing; a t&ecirc;te-de-pont.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bridge"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no bridge; not
bridged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bridge"pot`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>The adjustable socket, or step, of a millstone spindle.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bridge"tree`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bridge</i> +
<i>tree</i> a beam.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The beam which supports the
spindle socket of the runner in a grinding mill.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bridge"-ward`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A bridge keeper; a warden or a guard for a bridge.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The principal ward of a key.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bridg"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The
system of bracing used between floor or other timbers to distribute the
weight.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bridging joist</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Binding
joist</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bridg"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of bridges.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bri"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bridel</i>, AS.
<i>bridel</i>; akin to OHG. <i>britil</i>, <i>brittil</i>, D.
<i>breidel</i>, and possibly to E. <i>braid</i>. Cf. <u>Bridoon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The head gear with which a horse is governed and
restrained, consisting of a headstall, a bit, and reins, with other
appendages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A restraint; a curb; a check.</def>  <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>The piece in the interior of a gun
lock, which holds in place the tumbler, sear, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A span of
rope, line, or chain made fast as both ends, so that another rope, line, or
chain may be attached to its middle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
mooring hawser.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bowline bridle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bowline</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Branches of a bridle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Branch</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Bridle cable</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a cable which is bent
to a bridle. See 4, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Bridle hand</b></col>, <cd>the
hand which holds the bridle in riding; the left hand.</cd> --
<col><b>Bridle path</b></col>, <col><b>Bridle way</b></col>, <cd>a path or
way for saddle horses and pack horses, as distinguished from a road for
vehicles.</cd> -- <col><b>Bridle port</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
porthole or opening in the bow through which hawsers, mooring or bridle
cables, etc., are passed.</cd> -- <col><b>Bridle rein</b></col>, <cd>a rein
attached to the bit.</cd> -- <col><b>Bridle road</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Same as <i>Bridle path</i>.</cd> <i>Lowell.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A road in a pleasure park reserved for horseback
exercise.</cd> -- <col><b>Bridle track</b></col>, <cd>a bridle path.</cd> -
- <col><b>Scolding bridle</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Branks</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- A check; restrain.</p>

<p><hw>Bri"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bridled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bridling</u> (&?;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put a bridle upon; to
equip with a bridle; as, to <i>bridle</i> a horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>bridled</i> her mouth with a silkweed twist.<BR>
<i>Drake.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To restrain, guide, or govern, with, or as with,
a bridle; to check, curb, or control; as, to <i>bridle</i> the passions; to
<i>bridle</i> a muse.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Savoy and Nice, the keys of Italy, and the citadel in her
hands to <i>bridle</i> Switzerland, are in that consolidation.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To check; restrain; curb; govern; control; repress;
master; subdue.</p>

<p><hw>Bri"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hold up the head, and
draw in the chin, as an expression of pride, scorn, or resentment; to
assume a lofty manner; -- usually with <i>up</i>.</def> "His
<i>bridling</i> neck."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By her <i>bridling</i> up I perceived she expected to be
treated hereafter not as Jenny Distaff, but Mrs. Tranquillus.<BR>
<i>Tatler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bri"dle i`ron</hw> (&?;). <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A strong flat bar of
iron, so bent as to support, as in a stirrup, one end of a floor timber,
etc., where no sufficient bearing can be had; -- called also <i>stirrup</i>
and <i>hanger</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bri"dler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who bridles; one
who restrains and governs, as with a bridle.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bri*doon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bridon</i>, from
<i>bride</i>; of German origin. See <u>Bridle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The snaffle and rein of a military bridle, which acts
independently of the bit, at the pleasure of the rider. It is used in
connection with a curb bit, which has its own rein.</def>
<i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brief</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bref</i>, F.
<i>brief</i>, <i>bref</i>, fr. L. <i>brevis</i>; akin to Gr. &?; short, and
perh. to Skr. <i>barh</i> to tear. Cf. <u>Breve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Short in duration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>brief</i> the life of man.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Concise; terse; succinct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>brief</i> style is that which expresseth much in
little.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rife; common; prevalent.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>In brief</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Brief</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Short; concise; succinct; summary; compendious;
condensed; terse; curt; transitory; short-lived.</p>

<p><hw>Brief</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Briefly.</def> [Obs. or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Adam, faltering long, thus answered <i>brief</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soon; quickly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brief</hw> (br&emacr;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Brief</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Breve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
short concise writing or letter; a statement in few words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bear this sealed <i>brief</i>,<BR>
With winged hastle, to the lord marshal.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And she told me<BR>
In a sweet, verbal <i>brief</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An epitome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each woman is a <i>brief</i> of womankind.<BR>
<i>Overbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An abridgment or concise statement
of a client's case, made out for the instruction of counsel in a trial at
law. This word is applied also to a statement of the heads or points of a
law argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was not without some reference to it that I perused many
a <i>brief</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Stephen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In England, the <i>brief</i> is prepared by the attorney; in the
United States, counsel generally make up their own briefs.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ; a breve. See <u>Breve</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A writ issuing from the
chancery, directed to any judge ordinary, commanding and authorizing that
judge to call a jury to inquire into the case, and upon their verdict to
pronounce sentence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A letter patent, from proper authority,
authorizing a collection or charitable contribution of money in churches,
for any public or private purpose.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Apostolical brief</b></col>, <cd>a letter of the pope written on
fine parchment in modern characters, subscribed by the secretary of briefs,
dated "a die Nativitatis," <i>i. e.</i>, "from the day of the Nativity,"
and sealed with the ring of the fisherman. It differs from a <i>bull</i>,
in its parchment, written character, date, and seal. See <u>Bull</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Brief of title</b></col>, <cd>an abstract or abridgment of all
the deeds and other papers constituting the chain of title to any real
estate.</cd> -- <col><b>In brief</b></col>, <cd>in a few words; in short;
briefly.</cd> "Open the matter <i>in brief</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brief</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make an abstract or
abridgment of; to shorten; as, to <i>brief</i> pleadings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brief"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no brief;
without clients; as, a <i>briefless</i> barrister.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brief"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Concisely; in few
words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brief"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who makes a brief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A copier of a manuscript.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brief"ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being brief; brevity; conciseness in discourse or writing.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bri"er</hw>, <hw>Bri"ar</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>brere</i>, <i>brer</i>, AS. <i>br&emacr;r</i>, <i>br&aelig;r</i>; cf.
Ir. <i>briar</i> prickle, thorn, brier, pin, Gael. <i>preas</i> bush,
brier, W. <i>prys</i>, <i>prysg</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A plant with
a slender woody stem bearing stout prickles; especially, species of
<i>Rosa</i>, <i>Rubus</i>, and <i>Smilax</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Anything sharp or unpleasant to the
feelings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The thorns and <i>briers</i> of reproof.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Brier root</b></col>, <cd>the root of the southern <i>Smilax
laurifolia</i> and <i>S. Walteri</i>; -- used for tobacco pipes.</cd> --
<col><b>Cat brier</b></col>, <col><b>Green brier</b></col>, <cd>several
species of Smilax (<i>S. rotundifolia</i>, etc.)</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet
brier</b></col> (<i>Rosa rubiginosa</i>). <cd>See <u>Sweetbrier</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Yellow brier</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Rosa Eglantina</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bri"ered</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Set with
briers.</def>  <i>Chatterton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bri"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of briers;
thorny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bri"er*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where briers
grow.</def>  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brig</hw> (br&ibreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bridge.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Shortened from <u>Brigantine</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A two-masted, square-rigged vessel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hermaphrodite brig</b></col>, <cd>a two-masted vessel square-
rigged forward and schooner-rigged aft. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bri*gade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>brigade</i>, fr.
It. <i>brigata</i> troop, crew, brigade, originally, a contending troop,
fr. <i>briga</i> trouble, quarrel. See <u>Brigand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A body of troops, whether cavalry, artillery, infantry,
or mixed, consisting of two or more regiments, under the command of a
brigadier general.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Two or more brigades constitute a division, commanded by a major
general; two or more divisions constitute an army corps, or <i>corps
d'arm&eacute;e</i>. [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any body of persons organized for acting or
marching together under authority; as, a fire <i>brigade</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Brigade inspector</b></col>, <cd>an officer whose duty is to
inspect troops in companies before they are mustered into service.</cd> --
<col><b>Brigade major</b></col>, <cd>an officer who may be attached to a
brigade to assist the brigadier in his duties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bri*gade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brigaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Brigading</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To form into a brigade, or into
brigades.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brig`a*dier" gen"er*al</hw> (&?;). [F. <i>brigadier</i>, fr.
<i>brigade</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An officer in rank next above a
colonel, and below a major general. He commands a brigade, and is sometimes
called, by a shortening of his title, simple a <i>brigadier</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brig"and</hw> (br&ibreve;g"<i>a</i>nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>brigand</i>, OF. <i>brigant</i> light-armed soldier, fr. LL.
<i>brigans</i> light-armed soldier (cf. It. <i>brigante</i>.) fr.
<i>brigare</i> to strive, contend, fr. <i>briga</i> quarrel; prob. of
German origin, and akin to E. <i>break</i>; cf. Goth. <i>brikan</i> to
break, <i>brakja</i> strife. Cf. <u>Brigue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
light-armed, irregular foot soldier.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lawless fellow who lives by plunder; one of a
band of robbers; especially, one of a gang living in mountain retreats; a
highwayman; a freebooter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Giving them not a little the air of <i>brigands</i> or
banditti.<BR>
<i>Jeffery.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brig"and*age</hw> (-&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>brigandage</i>.] <def>Life and practice of brigands; highway robbery;
plunder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brig"an*dine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>brigandine</i>
(cf. It. <i>brigantina</i>), fr. OF. <i>brigant</i>. See <u>Brigand</u>.]
<def>A coast of armor for the body, consisting of scales or plates,
sometimes overlapping each other, generally of metal, and sewed to linen or
other material. It was worn in the Middle Ages.</def> [Written also
<i>brigantine</i>.]  <i>Jer. xlvi. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then put on all thy gorgeous arms, thy helmet,<BR>
And <i>brigandine</i> of brass.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brig"and*ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a brigand or
freebooter; robberlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brig"and*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Brigandage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brig"an*tine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>brigantin</i>,
fr. It. <i>brigantino</i>, originally, a practical vessel. See
<u>Brigand</u>, and cf. <u>Brig</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A practical
vessel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A two-masted, square-rigged vessel, differing
from a brig in that she does not carry a square mainsail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Brigandine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brig"ge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bridge.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bright</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Brite</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bright</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>briht</i>, AS.
<i>beorht</i>, <i>briht</i>; akin to OS. <i>berht</i>, OHG. <i>beraht</i>,
Icel. <i>bjartr</i>, Goth. <i>ba&iacute;rhts</i>. &radic;94.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Radiating or reflecting light; shedding or having
much light; shining; luminous; not dark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun was <i>bright</i> o'erhead.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth was dark, but the heavens were <i>bright</i>.<BR>
<i>Drake.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The public places were as <i>bright</i> as at noonday.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Transmitting light; clear;
transparent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the <i>brightest</i> wines<BR>
He 'd turn abhorrent.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having qualities that render conspicuous or
attractive, or that affect the mind as light does the eye; resplendent with
charms; as, <i>bright</i> beauty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bright</i> as an angel new-dropped from the sky.<BR>
<i>Parnell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having a clear, quick intellect;
intelligent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Sparkling with wit; lively; vivacious; shedding
cheerfulness and joy around; cheerful; cheery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be <i>bright</i> and jovial among your guests.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Illustrious; glorious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>brightest</i> annals of a female reign.<BR>
<i>Cotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Manifest to the mind, as light is to the eyes;
clear; evident; plain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That he may with more ease, with <i>brighter</i> evidence,
and with surer success, draw the bearner on.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Of brilliant color; of lively hue or
appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here the <i>bright</i> crocus and blue violet grew.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Bright</i> is used in composition in the sense of brilliant,
clear, sunny, etc.; as, <i>bright</i>-eyed, <i>bright</i>-haired,
<i>bright</i>-hued.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Shining; splending; luminous; lustrous; brilliant;
resplendent; effulgent; refulgent; radiant; sparkling; glittering; lucid;
beamy; clear; transparent; illustrious; witty; clear; vivacious; sunny.</p>

<p><hw>Bright</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Splendor; brightness.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Dark with excessive <i>bright</i> thy skirts appear.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bright</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Brightly.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I say it is the moon that shines so <i>bright</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bright"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brightened</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Brightening</u>.] [From <u>Bright</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make bright or brighter; to make to shine; to
increase the luster of; to give a brighter hue to.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make illustrious, or more distinguished; to
add luster or splendor to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The present queen would <i>brighten</i> her character, if
she would exert her authority to instill virtues into her people.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To improve or relieve by dispelling gloom or
removing that which obscures and darkens; to shed light upon; to make
cheerful; as, to <i>brighten</i> one's prospects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An ecstasy, which mothers only feel,<BR>
Plays round my heart and <i>brightens</i> all my sorrow.<BR>
<i>Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make acute or witty; to enliven.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bright"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>beorhtan</i>.]
<def>To grow bright, or more bright; to become less dark or gloomy; to
clear up; to become bright or cheerful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And night shall <i>brighten</i> into day.<BR>
<i>N. Cotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And, all his prospects <i>brightening</i> to the last,<BR>
His heaven commences ere world be past.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bright"-har`nessed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
glittering armor.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bright"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Brilliantly; splendidly; with luster; as, <i>brightly</i> shining
armor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With lively intelligence;
intelligently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Looking <i>brightly</i> into the mother's face.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bright"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>beorhines</i>. See
<u>Bright</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
bright; splendor; luster; brilliancy; clearness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sudden <i>brightness</i> in his face appear.<BR>
<i>Crabbe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acuteness (of the faculties); sharpness
9wit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>brightness</i> of his parts . . . distinguished
him.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Splendor; luster; radiance; resplendence; brilliancy;
effulgence; glory; clearness.</p>

<p><hw>Bright's" dis*ease"</hw> (&?;). [From Dr. <i>Bright</i> of London,
who first described it.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An affection of the kidneys,
usually inflammatory in character, and distinguished by the occurrence of
albumin and renal casts in the urine. Several varieties of Bright's disease
are now recognized, differing in the part of the kidney involved, and in
the intensity and course of the morbid process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bright"some</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bright; clear;
luminous; brilliant.</def> [R.]  <i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bri*gose"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>brigosus</i>, It.
<i>brigoso</i>. See <u>Brigue</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Contentious;
quarrelsome.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Puller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brigue</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>brigue</i>, fr. LL.
<i>briga</i> quarrel. See <u>Brigand</u>.] <def>A cabal, intrigue, faction,
contention, strife, or quarrel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brigue</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>briguer</i>. See
<u>Brigue</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To contend for; to canvass; to
solicit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brike</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>brice</i>.] <def>A
breach; ruin; downfall; peril.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brill</hw> (br&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Corn.
<i>brilli</i> mackerel, fr. <i>brith</i> streaked, speckled.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish allied to the turbot (<i>Rhombus
levis</i>), much esteemed in England for food; -- called also <i>bret</i>,
<i>pearl</i>, <i>prill</i>. See <u>Bret</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bril*lan"te</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Brilliant</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In a gay, showy,
and sparkling style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bril"liance</hw> (br&ibreve;l"y<i>a</i>n*s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Brilliancy.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bril"lian*cy</hw> (br&ibreve;l"y<i>a</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Brilliant</u>.] <def>The quality of being
brilliant; splendor; glitter; great brightness, whether in a literal or
figurative sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With many readers <i>brilliancy</i> of style passes for
affluence of thought.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 182 !></p>

<p><hw>Bril"liant</hw> (br&ibreve;l"y<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>brillant</i>, <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> of <i>briller</i> to shine or
sparkle (cf. Pr. &amp; Sp. <i>brillar</i>, It. <i>brillare</i>), fr. L.
<i>beryllus</i> a precious stone of sea-green color, Prov. It.
<i>brill</i>. See <u>Beryl</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sparkling with
luster; glittering; very bright; as, a <i>brilliant</i> star.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Distinguished by qualities which excite
admiration; splendid; shining; as, <i>brilliant</i> talents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Washington was more solicitous to avoid fatal mistakes than
to perform <i>brilliant</i> exploits.<BR>
<i>Fisher Ames.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Shining</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bril"liant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>brillant</i>. See
<u>Brilliant</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A diamond
or other gem of the finest cut, formed into faces and facets, so as to
reflect and refract the light, by which it is rendered more brilliant. It
has at the middle, or top, a principal face, called the <i>table</i>, which
is surrounded by a number of sloping facets forming a <i>bizet</i>; below,
it has a small face or <i>collet</i>, parallel to the table, connected with
the <i>girdle</i> by a <i>pavilion</i> of elongated facets. It is thus
distinguished from the <i>rose</i> diamond, which is entirely covered with
facets on the surface, and is flat below.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This snuffbox -- on the hinge see <i>brilliants</i>
shine.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The smallest size of type used
in England printing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This line is printed in the type called Brilliant.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cotton goods, figured on the
weaving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bril"liant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a brilliant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bril"liant*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Brilliancy;
splendor; glitter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brills</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [CF. G. <i>brille</i>
spectacles, D. <i>bril</i>, fr. L. <i>berillus</i>. See <u>Brilliant</u>.]
<def>The hair on the eyelids of a horse.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brim</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brim</i>,
<i>brimme</i>, AS. <i>brymme</i> edge, border; akin to Icel. <i>barmr</i>,
Sw. <i>br&auml;m</i>, Dan. <i>br&aelig;mme</i>, G. <i>brame</i>,
<i>br&auml;me</i>. Possibly the same word as AS. <i>brim</i> surge, sea,
and properly meaning, the line of surf at the border of the sea, and akin
to L. <i>fremere</i> to roar, murmur. Cf. <u>Breeze</u> a fly.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The rim, border, or upper edge of a cup, dish, or
any hollow vessel used for holding anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Saw I that insect on this goblet's <i>brim</i><BR>
I would remove it with an anxious pity.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The edge or margin, as of a fountain, or of the
water contained in it; the brink; border.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The feet of the priests that bare the ark were dipped in the
<i>brim</i> of the water.<BR>
<i>Josh. iii. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The rim of a hat.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brim</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Brimmed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Brimming</u>.]
<def>To be full to the brim.</def> "The <i>brimming</i> stream."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To brim over</b></col> (literally or figuratively), <cd>to be so
full that some of the contents flows over the brim; as, a cup <i>brimming
over</i> with wine; a man <i>brimming over</i> with fun.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brim</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fill to the brim, upper
edge, or top.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arrange the board and <i>brim</i> the glass.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brim</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fierce; sharp; cold. See
<u>Breme</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Brim"ful</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full to the brim;
completely full; ready to overflow.</def> "Her <i>brimful</i> eyes."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brim"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no brim; as,
<i>brimless</i> caps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brimmed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a brim; -- usually in composition.</def> "Broad-<i>brimmed</i>
hat."  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full to, or level with, the brim.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brim"mer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brimful bowl; a
bumper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brim"ming</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full to the brim;
overflowing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brim"stone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brimston</i>,
<i>bremston</i>, <i>bernston</i>, <i>brenston</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>brennistein</i>. See <u>Burn</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and
<u>Stone</u>.] <def>Sulphur; See <u>Sulphur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brim"stone</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of, or pertaining
to, brimstone; as, <i>brimstone</i> matches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From his <i>brimstone</i> bed at break of day<BR>
A-walking the devil has gone.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brim"sto`ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing or
resembling brimstone; sulphurous.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>One of the radiating
sticks of a fan. The outermost are larger and longer, and are called
<i>panaches</i>.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brin"ded</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>br&ouml;nd&omacr;ttr</i> brindled, fr. <i>brandr</i> brand; and OE.
<i>bernen</i>, <i>brinnen</i>, to burn. See <u>Brand</u>, <u>Burn</u>.]
<def>Of a gray or tawny color with streaks of darker hue; streaked;
brindled.</def>  "Three <i>brinded</i> cows," <i>Dryden.</i> "The
<i>brinded</i> cat." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brin"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Brindled</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being brindled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brindled color; also, that which is
brindled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brin"dle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Brindled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brin"dled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [A dim. form of
<i>brinded</i>.] <def>Having dark streaks or spots on a gray or tawny
ground; brinded.</def> "With a <i>brindled</i> lion played."
<i>Churchill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bryne</i> a burning,
salt liquor, brine, fr. <i>brinnan</i>, <i>brynnan</i>, to burn. See
<u>Burn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Water saturated or strongly
impregnated with salt; pickle; hence, any strong saline solution; also, the
saline residue or strong mother liquor resulting from the evaporation of
natural or artificial waters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The ocean; the water of an ocean, sea, or salt
lake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not long beneath the whelming <i>brine</i> . . . he lay.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tears; -- so called from their
saltness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What a deal of <i>brine</i><BR>
Hath washed thy sallow cheecks for<BR>
Rosaline!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Brine fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fly of the genus
<i>Ephydra</i>, the larv&aelig; of which live in artificial brines and in
salt lakes.</cd> -- <col><b>Brine gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for
measuring the saltness of a liquid.</cd> -- <col><b>Brine pan</b></col>,
<cd>a pit or pan of salt water, where salt is formed by
cristallization.</cd> -- <col><b>Brine pit</b></col>, <cd>a salt spring or
well, from which water is taken to be boiled or evaporated for making
salt.</cd> -- <col><b>Brine pump</b></col> <i>(Marine Engin.)</i>, <cd>a
pump for changing the water in the boilers, so as to clear them of the
brine which collects at the bottom.</cd> -- <col><b>Brine shrimp</b></col>,
<col><b>Brine worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a phyllopod
crustacean of the genus <i>Artemia</i>, inhabiting the strong brines of
salt works and natural salt lakes. See <u>Artemia</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Brine spring</b></col>, <cd>a spring of salt water.</cd> --
<col><b>Leach brine</b></col> <i>(Saltmaking)</i>, <cd>brine which drops
from granulated salt in drying, and is preserved to be boiled
again.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
steep or saturate in brine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle with salt or brine; as, to
<i>brine</i> hay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bring</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brought</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bringing</u>.] [OE. <i>bringen</i>, AS. <i>bringan</i>; akin to OS.
<i>brengian</i>, D. <i>brengen</i>, Fries. <i>brenga</i>, OHG.
<i>bringan</i>, G. <i>bringen</i>, Goth. <i>briggan</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convey to the place where the speaker is or is
to be; to bear from a more distant to a nearer place; to fetch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And as she was going to fetch it, he called to her, and
said, <i>Bring</i> me, I pray thee, a morsel of bread.<BR>
<i>1 Kings xvii. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To France shall we convey you safe,<BR>
And <i>bring</i> you back.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause the accession or obtaining of; to
procure; to make to come; to produce; to draw to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is nothing will <i>bring</i> you more honor . . . than
to do what right in justice you may.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To convey; to move; to carry or
conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In distillation, the water . . . <i>brings</i> over with it
some part of the oil of vitriol.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To persuade; to induce; to draw; to lead; to
guide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It seems so preposterous a thing . . . that they do not
easily <i>bring</i> themselves to it.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The nature of the things . . . would not suffer him to think
otherwise, how, or whensoever, he is <i>brought</i> to reflect on them.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To produce in exchange; to sell for; to fetch;
as, what does coal <i>bring</i> per ton?</def></p>

<p><col><b>To bring about</b></col>, <cd>to bring to pass; to effect; to
accomplish.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring back</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To recall.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To restore, as something
borrowed, to its owner.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring by the lee</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to incline so rapidly to leeward of the course, when a
ship sails large, as to bring the lee side suddenly to the windward, any by
laying the sails aback, expose her to danger of upsetting.</cd> --
<col><b>To bring down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to come
down.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To humble or abase; as, <i>to bring
down</i> high looks.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring down the house</b></col>,
<cd>to cause tremendous applause.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To bring
forth</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To produce, as young fruit.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To bring to light; to make manifest.</cd> --
<col><b>To bring forward</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To exhibit; to
introduce; to produce to view.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To hasten; to
promote; to forward.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To propose; to adduce;
as, <i>to bring forward</i> arguments.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring
home</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To bring to one's house.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To prove conclusively; as, <i>to bring home</i> a
charge of treason.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To cause one to feel or
appreciate by personal experience.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<cd>To lift of its place, as an anchor.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring
in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To fetch from without; to
import.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To introduce, as a bill in a
deliberative assembly.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To return or repot to,
or lay before, a court or other body; to render; as, <i>to bring in</i> a
verdict or a report.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To take to an appointed
place of deposit or collection; as, <i>to bring in</i> provisions or money
for a specified object.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To produce, as
income.</cd> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To induce to join.</cd> -- <col><b>To
bring off</b></col>, <cd>to bear or convey away; to clear from
condemnation; to cause to escape.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring on</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to begin.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
originate or cause to exist; as, <i>to bring on</i> a disease.</cd> --
<col><b>To bring one on one's way</b></col>, <cd>to accompany, guide, or
attend one.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring out</b></col>, <cd>to expose; to
detect; to bring to light from concealment.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring
over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To fetch or bear across.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To convert by persuasion or other means; to cause
to change sides or an opinion.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring to</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To resuscitate; to bring back to consciousness or
life, as a fainting person.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To
check the course of, as of a ship, by dropping the anchor, or by
counterbracing the sails so as to keep her nearly stationary (she is then
said to <i>lie to</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To cause (a vessel) to
lie to, as by firing across her course.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To
apply a rope to the capstan.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring to light</b></col>,
<cd>to disclose; to discover; to make clear; to reveal.</cd> -- <col><b>To
bring a sail to</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to bend it to the yard.</cd>
-- <col><b>To bring to pass</b></col>, <cd>to accomplish to effect.</cd>
"Trust also in Him; and He shall <i>bring it to pass</i>." <i>Ps. xxxvii.
5.</i> -- <col><b>To bring under</b></col>, <cd>to subdue; to restrain; to
reduce to obedience.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring up</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To carry upward; to nurse; to rear; to
educate.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to stop suddenly.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> [<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> by dropping the reflexive
pronoun] <cd>To stop suddenly; to come to a standstill.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To bring up (any one) with a round turn</b></col>, <cd>to cause
(any one) to stop abruptly.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To be brought to
bed</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bed</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fetch; bear; carry; convey; transport; import;
procure; produce; cause; adduce; induce.</p>

<p><hw>Bring"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
brings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet the first <i>bringer</i> of unwelcome news<BR>
Hath but a losing office.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bringer in</b></col>, <cd>one who, or that which,
introduces.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brin"i*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being briny; saltness; brinishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brin"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like brine; somewhat
salt; saltish.</def> "<i>Brinish</i> tears."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brin"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or quality of
being brinish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Brin"ja*ree`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rough-haired East Indian variety of the
greyhound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brink</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. <i>brink</i> edge,
verge; akin to Sw. <i>brink</i> declivity, hill, Icel. <i>brekka</i>; cf.
LG. <i>brink</i> a grassy hill, W. <i>bryn</i> hill, <i>bryncyn</i>
hillock.] <def>The edge, margin, or border of a steep place, as of a
precipice; a bank or edge, as of a river or pit; a verge; a border; as, the
<i>brink</i> of a chasm. Also Fig.</def>  "The <i>brink</i> of vice."
<i>Bp. Porteus.</i> "The <i>brink</i> of ruin." <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The plashy <i>brink</i> of weedy lake.<BR>
<i>Bryant.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brin"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Brine</u>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to brine, or to the sea; partaking of the nature of brine;
salt; as, a <i>briny</i> taste; the <i>briny</i> flood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bri"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bryony</u>.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brisk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>brysg</i>, fr.
<i>brys</i> haste, Gael. <i>briosg</i> quick, lively, Ir. <i>broisg</i> a
start, leap, jerk.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of liveliness and
activity; characterized by quickness of motion or action; lively; spirited;
quick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cheerily, boys; be <i>brick</i> awhile.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Brick</i> toil alternating with ready ease.<BR>
<i>Wordworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of spirit of life; effervesc&?;ng, as
liquors; sparkling; as, <i>brick</i> cider.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Active; lively; agile; alert; nimble; quick; sprightly;
vivacious; gay; spirited; animated.</p>

<p><hw>Brisk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bricked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bricking</u>.] <def>To make or become lively; to enliven; to animate; to
take, or cause to take, an erect or bold attitude; -- usually with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bris"ket</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bruskette</i>, OF.
<i>bruschet</i>, F. <i>br&eacute;chet</i>, <i>brichet</i>; prob. of Celtic
origin; cf. W. <i>brysced</i> the breast of a slain animal, brisket, Corn.
<i>vrys</i> breast, Armor. <i>brusk</i>, <i>bruched</i>, the front of the
chest, Gael. <i>brisgein</i> the cartilaginous part of a bone.] <def>That
part of the breast of an animal which extends from the fore legs back
beneath the ribs; also applied to the fore part of a horse, from the
shoulders to the bottom of the chest.</def>  [See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Beef</u>.]</p>

<p><hw>Brisk"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a brisk manner;
nimbly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brisk"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Liveliness; vigor in
action; quickness; gayety; vivacity; effervescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bris"tle</hw> (br&ibreve;s"s'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>bristel</i>, <i>brustel</i>, AS. <i>bristl</i>, <i>byrst</i>; akin to D.
<i>borstel</i>, OHG. <i>burst</i>, G. <i>borste</i>, Icel. <i>burst</i>,
Sw. <i>borst</i>, and to Skr. <i>bh&rsdot;shti</i> edge, point, and prob,
L. <i>fastigium</i> extremity, Gr. <grk>'a`flaston</grk> stern of a ship,
and E. <i>brush</i>, <i>burr</i>, perh. to <i>brad</i>. &radic;96.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short, stiff, coarse hair, as on the back of
swine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A stiff, sharp, roundish
hair.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bris"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bristled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bristling</u> (&?;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To erect the bristles of;
to cause to stand up, as the bristles of an angry hog; -- sometimes with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now for the bare-picked bone of majesty<BR>
Doth dogged war <i>bristle</i> his angry crest.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Boy, <i>bristle</i> thy courage up.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fix a bristle to; as, to <i>bristle</i> a
thread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bris"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
rise or stand erect, like bristles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His hair did <i>bristle</i> upon his head.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To appear as if covered with bristles; to have
standing, thick and erect, like bristles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hill of La Haye Sainte <i>bristling</i> with ten
thousand bayonets.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Ports <i>bristling</i> with thousands of masts.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To show defiance or indignation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To bristle up</b></col>, <cd>to show anger or defiance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bris"tle-point`ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Terminating in a very fine, sharp point, as some leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bris"tle-shaped`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
bristle in form; as, a <i>bristle-shaped</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bris"tle*tail`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An insect of the genera <i>Lepisma</i>, <i>Campodea</i>, etc.,
belonging to the Thysanura.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bris"tli*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of having bristles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bris"tly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thick set with
bristles, or with hairs resembling bristles; rough.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The leaves of the black mulberry are somewhat
<i>bristly</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bris"tol</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seaport city in the
west of England.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bristol board</b></col>, <cd>a kind of fine pasteboard, made
with a smooth but usually unglazed surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Bristol
brick</b></col>, <cd>a brick of siliceous matter used for polishing
cultery; -- originally manufactured at <i>Bristol</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bristol stone</b></col>, <cd>rock crystal, or brilliant crystals of
quartz, found in the mountain limestone near <i>Bristol</i>, and used in
making ornaments, vases, etc. When polished, it is called <i>Bristol
diamond</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bri*sure"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>Any part of a rampart or parapet which deviates from
the general direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A mark of cadency or
difference.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Brit</hw>, <hw>Britt</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The young of the common
herring; also, a small species of herring; the sprat.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The minute marine animals (chiefly Entomostraca)
upon which the right whales feed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bri*tan"ni*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>Britannia</i> Great Britain.] <def>A white-metal alloy of tin, antimony,
bismuth, copper, etc. It somewhat resembles silver, and is used for table
ware. Called also <i>Britannia metal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bri*tan"nic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Britannicus</i>,
fr. <i>Britannia</i> Great Britain.] <def>Of or pertaining to Great
Britain; British; as, her <i>Britannic</i> Majesty.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Brite</hw>, <hw>Bright</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To be or become overripe, as wheat, barley, or hops.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Brit"i*cism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word, phrase, or
idiom peculiar to Great Britain; any manner of using a word or words that
is peculiar to Great Britain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brit"ish</hw> (br&ibreve;t"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>Brittisc</i>, <i>Bryttisc</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Great Britain
or to its inhabitants; -- sometimes restricted to the original
inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>British gum</b></col>, <cd>a brownish substance, very soluble in
cold water, formed by heating dry starch at a temperature of about 600&deg;
Fahr. It corresponds, in its properties, to dextrin, and is used, in
solution, as a substitute for gum in stiffering goods.</cd> --
<col><b>British lion</b></col>, <cd>the national emblem of Great
Britain.</cd> -- <col><b>British seas</b></col>, <cd>the four seas which
surround Great Britain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brit"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>People of Great
Britain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brit"ish*er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Englishman; a subject
or inhabitant of Great Britain, esp. one in the British military or naval
service.</def> [Now used jocosely]</p>

<p><hw>Brit"on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bryten</i>
Britain.] <def>British.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of Great Britain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brit"tle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>britel</i>,
<i>brutel</i>, AS. <i>bryttian</i> to dispense, fr. <i>bre&oacute;tan</i>
to break; akin to Icel. <i>brytja</i>, Sw. <i>bryta</i>, Dan. <i>bryde</i>.
Cf. <u>Brickle</u>.] <def>Easily broken; apt to break; fragile; not tough
or tenacious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Farewell, thou pretty, <i>brittle</i> piece<BR>
Of fine-cut crystal.<BR>
<i>Cotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Brittle silver ore</b></col>, <cd>the mineral
stephanite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brit"tle*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a brittle
manner.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brit"tle*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Aptness to break;
fragility.</def></p>

<p><! p. 183 !></p>

<p><hw>Brit"tle star`</hw> (br&ibreve;t"t'l st&auml;r`),
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of ophiuran starfishes. See
<u>Ophiuroidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Britz"ska</hw> (br&ibreve;ts"k&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>britshka</i>; cf. Pol. <i>bryczka</i>, dim. of <i>bryka</i> freight
wagon.] <def>A long carriage, with a calash top, so constructed as to give
space for reclining at night, when used on a journey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brize</hw> (br&imacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The breeze fly.
See <u>Breeze</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Broach</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>broche</i>, F.
<i>broche</i>, fr. LL. <i>brocca</i>; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W.
<i>proc</i> thrust, stab, Gael. <i>brog</i> awl. Cf. <u>Brooch</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He turned a <i>broach</i> that had worn a crown.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An awl; a bodkin; also, a wooden rod or pin,
sharpened at each end, used by thatchers.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tool of
steel, generally tapering, and of a polygonal form, with from four to eight
cutting edges, for smoothing or enlarging holes in metal; sometimes made
smooth or without edges, as for burnishing pivot holes in watches; a
reamer. The broach for gun barrels is commonly square and without
taper.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A straight tool with file teeth, made
of steel, to be pressed through irregular holes in metal that cannot be
dressed by revolving tools; a drift.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>A broad chisel for
stonecutting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A spire rising from a
tower.</def> [Local, Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A clasp for fastening a garment. See
<u>Brooch</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A spitlike start, on the head of a young
stag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The stick from which candle wicks are suspended
for dipping.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The pin in a lock which enters the barrel of the
key.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broach</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Broached</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Broaching</u>.]
[F. <i>brocher</i>, fr. <i>broche</i>. See <u>Broach</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To spit; to pierce as with a
spit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>broach</i> the tadpole on my rapier's point.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tap; to pierce, as a cask, in order to draw
the liquor. Hence: To let out; to shed, as blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereat with blade, with bloody blameful blade,<BR>
He bravely <i>broached</i> his boiling bloody breast.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To open for the first time, as stores.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall want neither weapons, victuals, nor aid; I will
open the old armories, I will <i>broach</i> my store, and will bring forth
my stores.<BR>
<i>Knolles.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make public; to utter; to publish first; to
put forth; to introduce as a topic of conversation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those very opinions themselves had <i>broached</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause to begin or break out.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To shape roughly, as a block of
stone, by chiseling with a coarse tool.</def> [Scot. &amp; North of Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To enlarge or dress (a hole), by using a
broach.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To broach to</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to incline suddenly
to windward, so as to lay the sails aback, and expose the vessel to the
danger of oversetting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Broach"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
spit; a broach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On five sharp <i>broachers</i> ranked, the roast they
turned.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who broaches, opens, or utters; a first
publisher or promoter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some such <i>broacher</i> of heresy.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Broad</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Broader</u> (&?;); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Broadest</u>.] [OE.
<i>brod</i>, <i>brad</i>, AS. <i>br&amacr;d</i>; akin to OS.
<i>br&emacr;d</i>, D. <i>breed</i>, G. <i>breit</i>, Icel. <i>brei&?;r</i>,
Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>bred</i>, Goth. <i>braids</i>. Cf. <u>Breadth</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wide; extend in breadth, or from side to side; --
opposed to <i>narrow</i>; as, a <i>broad</i> street, a <i>broad</i> table;
an inch <i>broad</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extending far and wide; extensive; vast; as, the
<i>broad</i> expanse of ocean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Extended, in the sense of diffused; open; clear;
full.</def> "<i>Broad</i> and open day."  <i>Bp. Porteus.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Having a large measure of any thing or
quality; not limited; not restrained; -- applied to any subject, and
retaining the literal idea more or less clearly, the precise meaning
depending largely on the substantive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>broad</i> mixture of falsehood.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Hence: -</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Comprehensive; liberal; enlarged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The words in the Constitution are <i>broad</i> enough to
include the case.<BR>
<i>D. Daggett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In a <i>broad</i>, statesmanlike, and masterly way.<BR>
<i>E. Everett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Plain; evident; as, a <i>broad</i>
hint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Free; unrestrained; unconfined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>broad</i> and general as the casing air.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Characterized by breadth. See
<u>Breadth</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Cross; coarse; indelicate; as, a <i>broad</i>
compliment; a <i>broad</i> joke; <i>broad</i> humor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Strongly marked; as, a <i>broad</i> Scotch
accent.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Broad</i> is often used in compounds to signify <i>wide</i>,
<i>large</i>, etc.; as, <i>broad</i>-chested, <i>broad</i>-shouldered,
<i>broad</i>-spreading, <i>broad</i>-winged.</p>

<p><col><b>Broad acres</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Acre</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Broad arrow</b></col>, <cd>originally a pheon. See <u>Pheon</u>,
and <i>Broad arrow</i> under <u>Arrow</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>As broad as
long</b></col>, <cd>having the length equal to the breadth; hence, the same
one way as another; coming to the same result by different ways or
processes.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>It is as <i>broad as long</i>, whether they rise to others,
or bring others down to them.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Broad pennant</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Pennant</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wide; large; ample; expanded; spacious; roomy; extensive;
vast; comprehensive; liberal.</p>

<p><hw>Broad</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The broad
part of anything; as, the <i>broad</i> of an oar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The spread of a river into a sheet of water; a
flooded fen.</def> [Local, Eng.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A lathe tool for turning down the insides and
bottoms of cylinders.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Broad"ax` Broad"axe`</hw> } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ancient military weapon; a battle-ax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ax with a broad edge, for hewing
timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"bill`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wild duck (<i>Aythya, or Fuligula, marila)</i>,
which appears in large numbers on the eastern coast of the United States,
in autumn; -- called also <i>bluebill</i>, <i>blackhead</i>, <i>raft
duck</i>, and <i>scaup duck</i>. See <u>Scaup duck</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The shoveler. See
<u>Shoveler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"brim`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A hat with a very broad brim, like those worn by men of the society of
Friends.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of the society of Friends; a
Quaker.</def> [Sportive]</p>

<p><hw>Broad"-brimmed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a broad
brim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>broad-brimmed</i> flat silver plate.<BR>
<i>Tatler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Broad"cast`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A
casting or throwing seed in all directions, as from the hand in
sowing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"cast`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cast
or dispersed in all directions, as seed from the hand in sowing; widely
diffused.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Scattering in all directions (as a method of
sowing); -- opposed to planting in hills, or rows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"cast`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to scatter or be
scattered in all directions; so as to spread widely, as seed from the hand
in sowing, or news from the press.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad" Church`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A portion of the
Church of England, consisting of persons who claim to hold a position, in
respect to doctrine and fellowship, intermediate between the High Church
party and the Low Church, or evangelical, party. The term has been applied
to other bodies of men holding liberal or comprehensive views of Christian
doctrine and fellowship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Side by side with these various shades of High and Low
Church, another party of a different character has always existed in the
Church of England. It is called by different names: Moderate, Catholic, or
<i>Broad Church</i>, by its friends; Latitudinarian or Indifferent, by its
enemies. Its distinctive character is the desire of comprehension. Its
watch words are charity and toleration.<BR>
<i>Conybeare.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Broad"cloth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fine smooth-
faced woolen cloth for men's garments, usually of double width
(<i>i.e.</i>, a yard and a half); -- so called in distinction from woolens
three quarters of a yard wide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Broadened</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Broadening</u> (&?;).] [From <u>Broad</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To
grow broad; to become broader or wider.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>broadening</i> sun appears.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Broad"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make broad or
broader; to render more broad or comprehensive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad" gauge`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A wider distance
between the rails than the "standard" gauge of four feet eight inches and a
half. See <u>Gauge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"-horned`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having horns
spreading widely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rather broad; moderately
broad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"leaf`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
tree (<i>Terminalia latifolia</i>) of Jamaica, the wood of which is used
for boards, scantling, shingles, etc; -- sometimes called the <i>almond
tree</i>, from the shape of its fruit.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Broad"-leaved`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Broad"-leafed`</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having broad, or relatively broad, leaves.</def>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Broad"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a broad
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"mouth`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the <i>Eurylaimid&aelig;</i>, a family of East Indian passerine
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>br&amacr;dnes</i>.]
<def>The condition or quality of being broad; breadth; coarseness;
grossness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"piece`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old English
gold coin, broader than a guinea, as a Carolus or Jacobus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad" seal`</hw> (&?;). <def>The great seal of England; the public
seal of a country or state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"seal`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stamp with the
broad seal; to make sure; to guarantee or warrant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy presence <i>broadseals</i> our delights for pure.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Broad"side`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The side of a ship above the water line, from the bow
to the quarter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A discharge of or from all the guns on one side
of a ship, at the same time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A volley of abuse or denunciation.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A sheet of paper containing one
large page, or printed on one side only; -- called also
<i>broadsheet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"spread`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Widespread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"spread`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spreading
widely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broad"sword`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sword with a
broad blade and a cutting edge; a claymore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I heard the <i>broadsword's</i> deadly clang.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Broad"wise`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Breadthwise.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Brob</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. <i>brog</i>, E.
<i>brog</i>, n.] <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A peculiar brad-shaped spike, to be
driven alongside the end of an abutting timber to prevent its
slipping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brob`ding*nag"i*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Brobdingnag</i>, a country of giants in "Gulliver's Travels."]
<def>Colossal; of extraordinary height; gigantic.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A giant.</def> [Spelt often
<i>Brobdignagian</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bro*cade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>brocado</i> (cf.
It. <i>broccato</i>, F. <i>brocart</i>), fr. LL. <i>brocare</i> *prick, to
figure (textile fabrics), to emboss (linen), to stitch. See <u>Broach</u>.]
<def>Silk stuff, woven with gold and silver threads, or ornamented with
raised flowers, foliage, etc.; -- also applied to other stuffs thus wrought
and enriched.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gala suit of faded <i>brocade</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bro*cad"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Woven or worked, as brocade, with gold and silver, or with raised
flowers, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Brocaded</i> flowers o'er the gay mantua shine.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dressed in brocade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"cage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Brokkerage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broc"ard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. fr.
<i>Brocardica</i>, <i>Brocardicorum</i> opus, a collection of
ecclesiastical canons by <i>Burkhard</i>, Bishop of Worms, called, by the
Italians and French, <i>Brocard</i>.] <def>An elementary principle or
maximum; a short, proverbial rule, in law, ethics, or
metaphysics.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The legal <i>brocard</i>, "Falsus in uno, falsus in
omnibus," is a rule not more applicable to other witness than to
consciousness.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ca*tel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>brocatelle</i>,
fr. It. <i>brocatello</i>: cf. Sp. <i>brocatel</i>. See <u>Brocade</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of coarse brocade, or figured fabric, used
chiefly for tapestry, linings for carriages, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A marble, clouded and veined with white, gray,
yellow, and red, in which the yellow usually prevails. It is also called
<i>Siena marble</i>, from its locality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro`ca*tel"lo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Brocatel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broc"co*li</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>broccoli</i>,
pl. of <i>broccolo</i> sprout, cabbage sprout, dim. of <i>brocco</i>
splinter. See <u>Broach</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the Cabbage species (<i>Brassica oleracea</i>) of many varieties,
resembling the cauliflower. The "curd," or flowering head, is the part used
for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broch"an*tite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Brochant</i>
de Villiers, a French mineralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A basic sulphate of
copper, occurring in emerald-green crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bro`ch&eacute;"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Woven
with a figure; as, <i>broch&eacute;</i> goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Broche</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Broach</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>||Bro*chure"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>brocher</i> to stitch. See <u>Broach</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>A printed and stitched book containing only a few leaves; a
pamphlet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brock</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>broc</i>, fr. W.
<i>broch</i>; akin to Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>broc</i>, Corn. &amp; Armor. <i>broch</i>;
cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>breac</i> speckled.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
badger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or with pretense of chasing thence the <i>brock</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Brocket</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A brocket.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brock"et</hw> (br&obreve;k"&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>broket</i>, F. <i>broquart</i> fallow deer a year old, fr. the same root
as E. <i>broach</i>, meaning point (hence tine of a horn).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A male red deer two years old;
-- sometimes called <i>brock</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small South American deer,
of several species (<i>Coassus superciliaris</i>, <i>C. rufus</i>, and
<i>C. auritus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Brock"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beastly; brutal.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brode"kin</hw> (br&omacr;d"k&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>brodequin</i>, OE. <i>brossequin</i>, fr. OD. <i>broseken</i>,
<i>brosekin</i>, dim. of <i>broos</i> buskin, prob. fr. LL. <i>byrsa</i>
leather, Gr. <grk>by`rsa</grk> skin, hide. Cf. <u>Buskin</u>.] <def>A
buskin or half-boot.</def> [Written also <i>brodequin</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Brog</hw> (br&obreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. Cf.
<u>Brob</u>.] <def>A pointed instrument, as a joiner's awl, a brad awl, a
needle, or a small sharp stick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brog</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prod with a pointed
instrument, as a lance; also, to broggle.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bro"gan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stout, coarse shoe;
a brogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brog"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Dim. of Prov. E.
<i>brog</i> to broggle. Cf. <u>Brog</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
sniggle, or fish with a brog.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brogue</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>brog</i>
shoe, hoof.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stout, coarse shoe; a
brogan.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the Highlands of Scotland, the ancient brogue was made of
horsehide or deerskin, untanned or tenned with the hair on, gathered round
the ankle with a thong. The name was afterward given to any shoe worn as a
part of the Highland costume.</p>

<p><col><b>Clouted brogues</b></col>, <cd>patched brogues; also, brogues
studded with nails. See under <u>Clout</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dialectic pronunciation; esp. the Irish manner
of pronouncing English.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or take, Hibernis, thy still ranker <i>brogue</i>.<BR>
<i>Lloyd.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brogues</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Breeches</u>.]
<def>Breeches.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Broid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To braid.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Broid"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Broidered</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>broiden</i>, <i>brouden</i>,
F. <i>broder</i>, confused with E. <i>braid</i>; F. <i>broder</i> is either
the same word as <i>border</i> to border (see <u>Border</u>), or perh. of
Celtic origin; cf. W. <i>brathu</i> to sting, stab, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>brod</i>
goad, prickle, OE. <i>brod</i> a goad; and also Icel. <i>broddr</i> a
spike, a sting, AS. <i>brord</i> a point.] <def>To embroider.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>They shall make a <i>broidered</i> coat.<BR>
<i>Ex. xxviii. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Broid"er*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
embroiders.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Broid"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Embroidery.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The golden <i>broidery</i> tender Milkah wove.<BR>
<i>Tickell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Broil</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>brouiller</i> to
disorder, from LL. <i>brogilus</i>, <i>broilus</i>, <i>brolium</i>,
thicket, wood, park; of uncertain origin; cf. W. <i>brog</i> a swelling
out, OHG. <i>pr&omacr;il</i> marsh, G. <i>br&uuml;hl</i>, MHG.
<i>brogen</i> to rise. The meaning <i>tumult</i>, <i>confusion</i>, comes
apparently from <i>tangled undergrowth</i>, <i>thicket</i>, and this
possibly from the meaning <i>to grow</i>, <i>rise</i>, <i>sprout</i>.]
<def>A tumult; a noisy quarrel; a disturbance; a brawl; contention;
discord, either between individuals or in the state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will own that there is a haughtiness and fierceness in
human nature which will which will cause innumerable <i>broils</i>, place
men in what situation you please.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contention; fray; affray; tumult; altercation;
dissension; discord; contest; conflict; brawl; uproar.</p>

<p><hw>Broil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Broiled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Broiling</u>.]
[OE. <i>broilen</i>, OF. <i>bruillir</i>, fr. <i>bruir</i> to broil, burn;
of Ger. origin; cf. MHG. <i>br&uuml;ejen</i>, G. <i>br&uuml;hen</i>, to
scald, akin to E. <i>brood</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cook by direct
exposure to heat over a fire, esp. upon a gridiron over coals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subject to great (commonly direct)
heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broil</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be subjected to the
action of heat, as meat over the fire; to be greatly heated, or to be made
uncomfortable with heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The planets and comets had been <i>broiling</i> in the
sun.<BR>
<i>Cheyne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Broil"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who excites
broils; one who engages in or promotes noisy quarrels.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What doth he but turn <i>broiler</i>, . . . make new libels
against the church?<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Broil"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
broils, or cooks by broiling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gridiron or other utensil used in
broiling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A chicken or other bird fit for broiling.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Broil"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively hot; as, a
<i>broiling</i> sun.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>The act of causing
anything to broil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"kage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Brokerage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broke</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Broker</u>, and
cf. <u>Brook</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To transact business for
another.</def> [R.]  <i>Brome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act as procurer in love matters; to
pimp.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We do want a certain necessary woman to <i>broke</i> between
them, Cupid said.<BR>
<i>Fanshawe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>brokes</i> with all that can in such a suit<BR>
Corrupt the tender honor of a maid.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 184 !></p>

<p><hw>Broke</hw> (br&omacr;k), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Break</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ken</hw> (br&omacr;"k'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Break</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Separated
into parts or pieces by violence; divided into fragments; as, a
<i>broken</i> chain or rope; a <i>broken</i> dish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disconnected; not continuous; also, rough;
uneven; as, a <i>broken</i> surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fractured; cracked; disunited; sundered;
strained; apart; as, a <i>broken</i> reed; <i>broken</i>
friendship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Made infirm or weak, by disease, age, or
hardships.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The one being who remembered him as he been before his mind
was <i>broken</i>.<BR>
<i>G. Eliot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>broken</i> soldier, kindly bade to stay,<BR>
Sat by his fire, and talked the night away.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Subdued; humbled; contrite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sacrifices of God are a <i>broken</i> spirit.<BR>
<i>Ps. li. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Subjugated; trained for use, as a
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Crushed and ruined as by something that destroys
hope; blighted.</def> "Her <i>broken</i> love and life."  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Not carried into effect; not adhered to;
violated; as, a <i>broken</i> promise, vow, or contract; a <i>broken</i>
law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Ruined financially; incapable of redeeming
promises made, or of paying debts incurred; as, a <i>broken</i> bank; a
<i>broken</i> tradesman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Imperfectly spoken, as by a foreigner; as,
<i>broken</i> English; imperfectly spoken on account of emotion; as, to say
a few <i>broken</i> words at parting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Amidst the <i>broken</i> words and loud weeping of those
grave senators.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Broken ground</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<cd>Rough or uneven ground; as, the troops were retarded in their advance
by <i>broken ground</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Ground recently
opened with the plow.</cd> -- <col><b>Broken line</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>,
<cd>the straight lines which join a number of given points taken in some
specified order.</cd> -- <col><b>Broken meat</b></col>, <cd>fragments of
meat or other food.</cd> -- <col><b>Broken number</b></col>, <cd>a
fraction.</cd> -- <col><b>Broken weather</b></col>, <cd>unsettled
weather.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ken-backed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a broken back; as, a <i>broken-backed</i> chair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Hogged; so weakened in the frame
as to droop at each end; -- said of a ship.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ken-bel`lied</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
ruptured belly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bro"ken-heart`ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
spirits depressed or crushed by grief or despair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She left her husband almost <i>broken-hearted</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disconsolable; heart-broken; inconsolable; comfortless;
woe-begone; forlorn.</p>

<p><hw>Bro"ken*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a broken,
interrupted manner; in a broken state; in broken language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pagans worship God . . . as it were <i>brokenly</i> and
by piecemeal.<BR>
<i>Cudworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ken*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state or quality of being broken; unevenness.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contrition; as, <i>brokenness</i> of
heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ken wind`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Far.)</i> <def>The heaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ken-wind`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>Having
short breath or disordered respiration, as a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ker</hw> (br&omacr;"k&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>brocour</i>, from a word akin to <i>broken</i>, <i>bruken</i>, to use,
enjoy, possess, digest, fr. AS. <i>br&umacr;can</i> to use, enjoy; cf.
Fries. <i>broker</i>, F. <i>brocanteur</i>. See <u>Brook</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who transacts business for
another; an agent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An agent employed to effect
bargains and contracts, as a middleman or negotiator, between other
persons, for a compensation commonly called <i>brokerage</i>. He takes no
possession, as broker, of the subject matter of the negotiation. He
generally contracts in the names of those who employ him, and not in his
own.</def>  <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dealer in money, notes, bills of exchange,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A dealer in secondhand goods.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A pimp or procurer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bill broker</b></col>, <cd>one who buys and sells notes and
bills of exchange.</cd> -- <col><b>Curbstone broker</b></col> or
<col><b>Street broker</b></col>, <cd>an operator in stocks (not a member of
the Stock Exchange) who executes orders by running from office to office,
or by transactions on the street.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Exchange
broker</b></col>, <cd>one who buys and sells uncurrent money, and deals in
exchanges relating to money.</cd> -- <col><b>Insurance broker</b></col>,
<cd>one who is agent in procuring insurance on vessels, or against
fire.</cd> -- <col><b>Pawn broker</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Pawnbroker</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Real estate broker</b></col>, <cd>one
who buys and sells lands, and negotiates loans, etc., upon mortgage.</cd> -
- <col><b>Ship broker</b></col>, <cd>one who acts as agent in buying and
selling ships, procuring freight, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock
broker</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Stockbroker</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ker*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The business or employment of a broker.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fee, reward, or commission, given or changed
for transacting business as a broker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ker*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mean; servile.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ker*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of a
broker.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And with extorting, cozening, forfeiting,<BR>
And tricks belonging unto <i>brokery</i>.<BR>
<i>Marlowe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bro"king</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
broker or brokers, or to brokerage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Redeem from <i>broking</i> pawn the blemished crown.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ma</hw> (br&omacr;"m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>brw^ma</grk> food, <grk>bibrw`skein</grk> to eat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Aliment; food.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A light form of prepared cocoa (or cacao), or
the drink made from it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"mal</hw> (br&omacr;"m<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Brom</i>ine + <i>al</i>dehyde.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oily, colorless
fluid, CBr<sub>3</sub>.COH, related to bromoform, as chloral is to
chloroform, and obtained by the action of bromine on alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"mate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt
of bromic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"mate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To
combine or impregnate with bromine; as, <i>bromated</i> camphor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro`ma*tol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in the science of foods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro`ma*tol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, food
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of aliments.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Brome</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Bromine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brome" grass`</hw> (&?;). [L. <i>bromos</i> a kind of oats, Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus <i>(Bromus)</i> of grasses, one species of
which is the chess or cheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro*me`li*a"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Named after Olaf
<i>Bromel</i>, a Swedish botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, a family of endogenous and mostly epiphytic or saxicolous
plants of which the genera <i>Tillandsia</i> and <i>Billbergia</i> are
examples. The pineapple, though terrestrial, is also of this
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"mic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or containing, bromine; -- said of those compounds of
bromine in which this element has a valence of five, or the next to its
highest; as, <i>bromic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"mide</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
compound of bromine with a positive radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"mi*nate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bromate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"mine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bad smell, stink.
Cf. <u>Brome</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the elements, related in its
chemical qualities to chlorine and iodine. Atomic weight 79.8.  Symbol Br.
It is a deep reddish brown liquid of a very disagreeable odor, emitting a
brownish vapor at the ordinary temperature. In combination it is found in
minute quantities in sea water, and in many saline springs. It occurs also
in the mineral bromyrite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"mism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
diseased condition produced by the excessive use of bromine or one of its
compounds. It is characterized by mental dullness and muscular
weakness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"mize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>To prepare or treat with bromine; as, to <i>bromize</i> a silvered
plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brom"life</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Bromley</i>
Hill, near Alston, Cumberland, England.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A carbonate of
baryta and lime, intermediate between witherite and strontianite; -- called
also <i>alstonite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"mo*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Brom</i>ine +
<i>form</i>yl.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless liquid, CHBr<sub>3</sub>,
having an agreeable odor and sweetish taste. It is produced by the
simultaneous action of bromine and caustic potash upon wood spirit,
alcohol, or acetone, as also by certain other reactions. In composition it
is the same as chloroform, with the substitution of bromine for chlorine.
It is somewhat similar to chloroform in its effects.</def>
<i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brom*pi"crin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>brompikrin</i>;
<i>brom</i> bromine + <i>pikrin</i>s&auml;ure picric acid.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A pungent colorless explosive liquid, CNO<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>3</sub>,
analogous to and resembling chlorpicrin.</def> [Spelt also
<i>brompikrin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Brom"u*ret</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bromide</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Brom"y*rite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bromine</i> + Gr.
&?; silver.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Silver bromide, a rare mineral; -- called
also <i>bromargyrite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bron"chi</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>See <u>Bronchus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bron"chi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. , <i>pl</i>.
Cf. <u>Bronchus</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The bronchial tubes which arise
from the branching of the trachea, esp. the subdivision of the
bronchi.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bron"chi*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>bronchial</i>. See <u>Bronchia</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Belonging to
the bronchi and their ramifications in the lungs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bronchial arteries</b></col>, <cd>branches of the descending
aorta, accompanying the bronchia in all their ramifications.</cd> --
<col><b>Bronchial cells</b></col>, <cd>the air cells terminating the
bronchia.</cd> -- <col><b>Bronchial glands</b></col>, <cd>glands whose
functions are unknown, seated along the bronchia.</cd> -- <col><b>Bronchial
membrane</b></col>, <cd>the mucous membrane lining the bronchia.</cd> --
<col><b>Bronchial tube</b></col>, <cd>the bronchi, or the
bronchia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bron"chic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Bronchial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bron"chi*ole</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
minute bronchial tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bron*chit"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to bronchitis; as, <i>bronchitic</i> inflammation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bron*chi"tis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bronchus</i> +
<i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation, acute or chronic, of the
bronchial tubes or any part of them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bron"cho</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>bronco</i> rough,
wild.] <def>A native or a Mexican horse of small size.</def> [Western
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bron"cho*cele</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
windpipe + &?; tumor.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <u>Goiter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bron*choph"o*ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; windpipe +
&?; sound.] <def>A modification of the voice sounds, by which they are
intensified and heightened in pitch; -- observed in auscultation of the
chest in certain cases of intro-thoracic disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bron`cho-pneu*mo"ni*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Bronchus</i> + <i>pneumonia</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the bronchi and lungs; catarrhal pneumonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bron"cho*tome</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; windpipe +
&?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument for cutting into the
bronchial tubes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bron*chot"o*my</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>An incision into the windpipe or larynx, including the operations of
<i>tracheotomy</i> and <i>laryngotomy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bron"chus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bronchi</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; windpipe. Cf.
<u>Bronchia</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the subdivisions of the
trachea or windpipe; esp. one of the two primary divisions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bron"co</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Broncho</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brond</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Brand</u>.] <def>A
sword.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Bron"to*lite</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bron"to*lith</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-lite</i>, <i>-lith</i>.] <def>An
a&euml;rolite.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bron*tol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thunder +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>A treatise upon thunder.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bron`to*sau"rus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
thunder + &?; lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of American jurassic
dinosaurs. A length of sixty feet is believed to have been attained by
these reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bron`to*the"ri*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; thunder + &?; beast.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of large extinct
mammals from the miocene strata of western North America. They were allied
to the rhinoceros, but the skull bears a pair of powerful horn cores in
front of the orbits, and the fore feet were four-toed. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bron`to*zo"um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
thunder + &?; animal.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct animal of large
size, known from its three-toed footprints in Mesozoic sandstone.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The tracks made by these reptiles are found eighteen inches in
length, and were formerly referred to gigantic birds; but the discovery of
large bipedal three-toed dinosaurs has suggested that they were made by
those reptiles.</p>

<p><hw>Bronze</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bronze</i>, fr. It.
<i>bronzo</i> brown, fr. OHG. <i>br&?;n</i>, G. <i>braun</i>. See
<u>Brown</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An alloy of
copper and tin, to which small proportions of other metals, especially
zinc, are sometimes added. It is hard and sonorous, and is used for
statues, bells, cannon, etc., the proportions of the ingredients being
varied to suit the particular purposes. The varieties containing the higher
proportions of tin are brittle, as in bell metal and speculum
metal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A statue, bust, etc., cast in bronze.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A print, a <i>bronze</i>, a flower, a root.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A yellowish or reddish brown, the color of
bronze; also, a pigment or powder for imitating bronze.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Boldness; impudence; "brass."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Imbrowned with native <i>bronze</i>, lo! Henley stands.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Aluminium bronze</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Aluminium</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Bronze age</b></col>, <cd>an age of the world which followed the
stone age, and was characterized by the use of implements and ornaments of
copper or bronze.</cd> -- <col><b>Bronze powder</b></col>, <cd>a metallic
powder, used with size or in combination with painting, to give the
appearance of bronze, gold, or other metal, to any surface.</cd> --
<col><b>Phosphor bronze</b></col> &and; <col><b>Silicious</b></col> or
<col><b>Silicium bronze</b></col> <cd>are made by adding phosphorus and
silicon respectively to ordinary bronze, and are characterized by great
tenacity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bronze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bronzed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bronzing</u>.]
[Cf. F. <i>bronzer</i>. See <u>Bronze</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give an appearance of bronze to, by a coating of
bronze powder, or by other means; to make of the color of bronze; as, to
<i>bronze</i> plaster casts; to <i>bronze</i> coins or medals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tall <i>bronzed</i> black-eyed stranger.<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make hard or unfeeling; to brazen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lawer who <i>bronzes</i> his bosom instead of his
forehead.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bronzed skin disease</b></col>. <i>(Pathol.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Addison's disease</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bronze"wing`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An Australian pigeon of the genus <i>Phaps</i>, of several species; --
so called from its bronze plumage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bronz"ine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A metal so prepared
as to have the appearance of bronze.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Made of bronzine; resembling bronze; bronzelike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bronz"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or art of communicating to articles in metal, wood, clay, plaster, etc.,
the appearance of bronze by means of bronze powders, or imitative painting,
or by chemical processes.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A material for bronzing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bronz"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes, imitates,
collects, or deals in, bronzes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bronz"ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>bronzite</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of enstatite, often having a bronzelike
luster. It is a silicate of magnesia and iron, of the pyroxene
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bronz"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like bronze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brooch</hw> (br&omacr;ch; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Broach</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ornament,
in various forms, with a tongue, pin, or loop for attaching it to a
garment; now worn at the breast by women; a breastpin. Formerly worn by men
on the hat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Honor 's a good <i>brooch</i> to wear in a man's hat.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A painting all of one color, as
a sepia painting, or an India painting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brooch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Brooched</u> (br&omacr;cht).] <def>To adorn as with a brooch.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Brood</hw> (br&oomac;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brod</i>, AS.
<i>br&omacr;d</i>; akin to D. <i>broed</i>, OHG. <i>bruot</i>, G.
<i>brut</i>, and also to G. <i>br&uuml;he</i> broth, MHG.
<i>br&uuml;eje</i>, and perh. to E. <i>brawn</i>, <i>breath</i>. Cf.
<u>Breed</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The young
birds hatched at one time; a hatch; as, a <i>brood</i> of
chickens.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a hen doth gather her <i>brood</i> under her wings.<BR>
<i>Luke xiii. 34.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A hen followed by a <i>brood</i> of ducks.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The young from the same dam, whether produced at
the same time or not; young children of the same mother, especially if
nearly of the same age; offspring; progeny; as, a woman with a <i>brood</i>
of children.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lion roars and gluts his tawny <i>brood</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is bred or produced; breed;
species.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flocks of the airy <i>brood</i>,<BR>
(Cranes, geese or long-necked swans).<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Heavy waste in tin and copper
ores.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sit on brood</b></col>, <cd>to ponder.</cd> [Poetic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brood</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sitting or
inclined to sit on eggs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Kept for breeding from; as, a <i>brood</i> mare;
<i>brood</i> stock; having young; as, a <i>brood</i> sow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brood</hw> (br&omacr;ch), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brooded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Brooding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sit on and cover eggs, as a
fowl, for the purpose of warming them and hatching the young; or to sit
over and cover young, as a hen her chickens, in order to warm and protect
them; hence, to sit quietly, as if brooding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Birds of calm sir <i>brooding</i> on the charmed wave.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have the mind dwell continuously or moodily
on a subject; to think long and anxiously; to be in a state of gloomy,
serious thought; -- usually followed by <i>over</i> or <i>on</i>; as, to
<i>brood</i> over misfortunes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Brooding</i> on unprofitable gold.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Brooding</i> over all these matters, the mother felt like
one who has evoked a spirit.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>When with downcast eyes we muse and <i>brood</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 185 !></p>

<p><hw>Brood</hw> (br&oomac;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To sit over, cover, and cherish; as, a hen <i>broods</i> her
chickens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cherish with care.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To think anxiously or moodily upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You'll sit and <i>brood</i> your sorrows on a throne.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brood"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to
brood.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brook</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brok</i>,
<i>broke</i>, <i>brook</i>, AS. <i>br&omacr;c</i>; akin to D. <i>broek</i>,
LG. <i>br&omacr;k</i>, marshy ground, OHG. <i>pruoh</i>, G. <i>bruch</i>
marsh; prob. fr. the root of E. <i>break</i>, so as that it signifies water
breaking through the earth, a spring or brook, as well as a marsh. See
<u>Break</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A natural stream of water
smaller than a river or creek.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord thy God bringeth thee into a good land, a land of
<i>brooks</i> of water.<BR>
<i>Deut. viii. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Empires itself, as doth an inland <i>brook</i><BR>
Into the main of waters.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brook</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Brooked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Brooking</u>.]
[OE. <i>broken</i>, <i>bruken</i>, to use, enjoy, digest, AS.
<i>br&?;can</i>; akin to D. <i>gebruiken</i> to use, OHG. <i>pr&?;hhan</i>,
G. <i>brauchen</i>, <i>gebrauchen</i>, Icel. <i>br&?;ka</i>, Goth.
<i>br&?;kjan</i>, and L. <i>frui</i>, to enjoy. Cf. <u>Fruit</u>,
<u>Broker</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To use; to enjoy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bear; to endure; to put up with; to tolerate;
as, young men can not <i>brook</i> restraint.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall we, who could not <i>brook</i> one lord,<BR>
Crouch to the wicked ten?<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deserve; to earn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir J.
Hawkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brook"ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from the English
mineralogist, H. J. <i>Brooke</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral consisting
of titanic oxide, and hence identical with rutile and octahedrite in
composition, but crystallizing in the orthorhombic system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brook"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
brook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brook"lime`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant (<i>Veronica Beccabunga</i>), with flowers, usually blue, in axillary
racemes. The American species is <i>V. Americana</i>.</def> [Formerly
written <i>broklempe</i> or <i>broklympe</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Brook" mint`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Water
mint</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brook"side`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bank of a
brook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brook"weed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small white-flowered herb (<i>Samolus Valerandi</i>) found usually in wet
places; water pimpernel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broom</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brom</i>,
<i>brome</i>, AS. <i>br&omacr;m</i>; akin to LG. <i>bram</i>, D.
<i>brem</i>, OHG. <i>br&amacr;mo</i> broom, thorn&?;bush, G.
<i>brombeere</i> blackberry. Cf. <u>Bramble</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant having twigs suitable for
making brooms to sweep with when bound together; esp., the <i>Cytisus
scoparius</i> of Western Europe, which is a low shrub with long, straight,
green, angular branches, minute leaves, and large yellow flowers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No gypsy cowered o'er fires of furze and <i>broom</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An implement for sweeping floors, etc., commonly
made of the panicles or tops of broom corn, bound together or attached to a
long wooden handle; -- so called because originally made of the twigs of
the broom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Butcher's broom</b></col>, <cd>a plant (<i>Ruscus aculeatus</i>)
of the Smilax family, used by butchers for brooms to sweep their blocks; --
called also <i>knee holly</i>. See <u>Cladophyll</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dyer's broom</b></col>, <cd>a species of mignonette (<i>Reseda
luteola</i>), used for dyeing yellow; dyer's weed; dyer's rocket.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish broom</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Spanish</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Broom</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Bream</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broom" corn`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A variety of <i>Sorghum
vulgare</i>, having a joined stem, like maize, rising to the height of
eight or ten feet, and bearing its seeds on a panicle with long branches,
of which brooms are made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broom" rape`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
(<i>Orobanche</i>) of parasitic plants of Europe and Asia. They are
destitute of chlorophyll, have scales instead of leaves, and spiked
flowers, and grow attached to the roots of other plants, as furze, clover,
flax, wild carrot, etc. The name is sometimes applied to other plants
related to this genus, as <i>Aphyllon uniflorum</i>and <i>A.
Ludovicianum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broom"staff`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
broomstick.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Broom"stick`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stick used as a
handle of a broom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broom"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
broom; overgrowing with broom; resembling broom or a broom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If land grow mossy or <i>broomy</i>.<BR>
<i>Mortimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brose</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. Gael. <i>brothas</i>.
Cf. <u>Brewis</u>, <u>Broth</u>.] <def>Pottage made by pouring some boiling
liquid on meal (esp. oatmeal), and stirring it. It is called beef
<i>brose</i>, water <i>brose</i>, etc., according to the name of the liquid
(beef broth, hot water, etc.) used.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Brot"el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Brittle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brot"el*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Brittleness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Broth</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bro&?;</i>; akin to
OHG. <i>brod</i>, <i>brot</i>; cf. Ir. <i>broth</i>, Gael. <i>brot</i>.
&radic;93. Cf. <u>Brewis</u>, <u>Brew</u>.] <def>Liquid in which flesh (and
sometimes other substances, as barley or rice) has been boiled; thin or
simple soup.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am sure by your unprejudiced discourses that you love
<i>broth</i> better than soup.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Broth"el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brothel</i>,
<i>brodel</i>, <i>brethel</i>, a prostitute, a worthless fellow, fr. AS.
<i>ber&oacute;&?;an</i> to ruin, destroy; cf. AS. <i>bre&oacute;tan</i> to
break, and E. <i>brittle</i>. The term <i>brothel house</i> was confused
with <i>bordel</i> brothel. CF. <u>Bordel</u>.] <def>A house of lewdness or
ill fame; a house frequented by prostitutes; a bawdyhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broth"el*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who frequents
brothels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broth"el*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lewdness;
obscenity; a brothel.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Broth"er</hw> (br&ubreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Brothers</b></plw> (br&ubreve;&thlig;"&etilde;rz) or
<plw><b>Brethren</b></plw> (br&ebreve;&thlig;"r&ebreve;n). See
<u>Brethren</u>. [OE. <i>brother</i>, AS. <i>br&omacr;&eth;or</i>; akin to
OS. <i>brothar</i>, D. <i>broeder</i>, OHG. <i>pruodar</i>, G.
<i>bruder</i>, Icel. <i>br&omacr;&eth;ir</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>broder</i>,
Goth. <i>br&omacr;&thorn;ar</i>, Ir. <i>brathair</i>, W. <i>brawd</i>, pl.
<i>brodyr</i>, Lith. <i>brolis</i>, Lett. <i>brahlis</i>, Russ.
<i>brat'</i>, Pol. &amp; Serv. <i>brat</i>, OSlav. <i>bratr&ubreve;</i>, L.
<i>frater</i>, Skr. <i>bhr&amacr;t&rsdot;</i>, Zend <i>bratar</i> brother,
Gr. <grk>fra`thr</grk>, <grk>fra`twr</grk>, a clansman. The common plural
is <plw><b>Brothers</b></plw>; in the solemn style,
<plw><b>Brethren</b></plw>, OE. pl. <i>brether</i>, <i>bretheren</i>, AS.
dat. sing. <i>br&emacr;&eth;er</i>, nom. pl. <i>br&omacr;&eth;or</i>,
<i>br&omacr;&eth;ru</i>. &radic;258. Cf. <u>Friar</u>, <u>Fraternal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A male person who has the same father and mother
with another person, or who has one of them only. In the latter case he is
more definitely called a <i>half brother</i>, or <i>brother of the half
blood</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two of us in the churchyard lie,<BR>
My sister and my <i>brother</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One related or closely united to another by some
common tie or interest, as of rank, profession, membership in a society,
toil, suffering, etc.; -- used among judges, clergymen, monks, physicians,
lawyers, professors of religion, etc.</def> "A <i>brother</i> of your
order."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We few, we happy few, we band of <i>brothers</i>,<BR>
For he to-day that sheds his blood with me<BR>
Shall be my <i>brother</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, resembles another in
distinctive qualities or traits of character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He also that is slothful in his work is <i>brother</i> to
him that is a great waster.<BR>
<i>Prov. xviii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That April morn<BR>
Of this the very <i>brother</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In Scripture, the term <i>brother</i> is applied to a kinsman by
blood more remote than a son of the same parents, as in the case of Abraham
and Lot, Jacob and Laban. In a more general sense, <i>brother</i> or
<i>brethren</i> is used for <i>fellow-man</i> or <i>fellow-men</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>For of whom such massacre<BR>
Make they but of their <i>brethren</i>, men of men?<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Brother Jonathan</b></col>, <cd>a humorous designation for the
people of the United States collectively.  The phrase is said to have
originated from Washington's referring to the patriotic Jonathan Trumbull,
governor of Connecticut, as "Brother Jonathan."</cd> -- <col><b>Blood
brother</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Blood</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Broth"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brothered</u> (&?;).] <def>To make a brother of; to call or
treat as a brother; to admit to a brotherhood.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Broth"er ger"man</hw> (&?;). <i>(Law)</i> <def>A brother by both the
father's and mother's side, in contradistinction to a <i>uterine
brother</i>, one by the mother only.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Broth"er*hood</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Brother</i> +
<i>-hood</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being brothers or a
brother.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An association for any purpose, as a society of
monks; a fraternity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The whole body of persons engaged in the same
business, -- especially those of the same profession; as, the legal or
medical <i>brotherhood</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Persons, and, poetically, things, of a like
kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>brotherhood</i> of venerable trees.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fraternity; association; fellowship; sodality.</p>

<p><hw>Broth"er-in-law`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Brothers-in-law</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The brother of one's husband
or wife; also, the husband of one's sister; sometimes, the husband of one's
wife's sister.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broth"er*li*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being brotherly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Broth"er*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to brothers; such as is natural for brothers; becoming to brothers; kind;
affectionate; as, <i>brotherly</i> love.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fraternal; kind; affectionate; tender.</p>

<p><hw>Broth"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like a brother;
affectionately; kindly.</def> "I speak but <i>brotherly</i> of him."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Broud"ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p.a.</i></pos> <def>Braided;
broidered.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Alle his clothes <i>brouded</i> up and down.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brough"am</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light, close
carriage, with seats inside for two or four, and the fore wheels so
arranged as to turn short.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brow</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>browe</i>,
<i>bruwe</i>, AS. <i>br&?;</i>; akin to AS. <i>br&?;w</i>,
<i>bre&aacute;w</i>, eyelid, OFries. <i>br&emacr;</i>, D. <i>braauw</i>,
Icel. <i>br&amacr;</i>, <i>br&?;n</i>, OHG. <i>pr&amacr;wa</i>, G.
<i>braue</i>, OSlav. <i>br&?;v&?;</i>, Russ. <i>brove</i>, Ir. <i>brai</i>,
Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>abhra</i>, Armor. <i>abrant</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr.
<i>bhr&?;</i>. Cf. <u>Bray</u> a bank, <u>Bridge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The prominent ridge over the eye, with the hair that covers it,
forming an arch above the orbit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And his arched <i>brow</i>, pulled o'er his eyes,<BR>
With solemn proof proclaims him wise.<BR>
<i>Churchill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The hair that covers the brow (ridge over the
eyes); the eyebrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is not your inky <i>brows</i>, your brack silk hair.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The forehead; as, a feverish
<i>brow</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beads of sweat have stood upon thy <i>brow</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The general air of the countenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To whom thus Satan with contemptuous <i>brow</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He told them with a masterly <i>brow</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The edge or projecting upper part of a steep
place; as, the <i>brow</i> of a precipice; the <i>brow</i> of a
hill.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To bend the brow</b></col>, <col><b>To knit the brows</b></col>,
<cd>to frown; to scowl.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bound to limit; to be at,
or form, the edge of.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tending my flocks hard by i' the hilly crofts<BR>
That <i>brow</i> this bottom glade.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brow"beat`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Browbeat</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Browbeaten</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Browbeating</u>.] <def>To depress or bear down with haughty, stern
looks, or with arrogant speech and dogmatic assertions; to abash or
disconcert by impudent or abusive words or looks; to bully; as, to
<i>browbeat</i> witnesses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My grandfather was not a man to be <i>browbeaten</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brow"beat`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of bearing
down, abashing, or disconcerting, with stern looks, supercilious manners,
or confident assertions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The imperious <i>browbeatings</i> and scorn of great
men.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brow"bound`</hw> (-bound`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Crowned;
having the head encircled as with a diadem.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Browd"yng</hw> (broud"&ibreve;ng/), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Embroidery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of goldsmithrye, of <i>browdyng</i>, and of steel.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Browed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having (such) a brow; -
- used in composition; as, dark-<i>browed</i>, stern-
<i>browed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brow"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without shame.</def>
<i>L. Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brown</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Browner</u> (&?;); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Brownest</u>.] [OE.
<i>brun</i>, <i>broun</i>, AS. <i>br&?;n</i>; akin to D. <i>bruin</i>, OHG.
<i>br&?;n</i>, Icel. <i>br&?;nn</i>, Sw. <i>brun</i>, Dan. <i>bruun</i>, G.
<i>braun</i>, Lith. <i>brunas</i>, Skr. <i>babhru</i>. &radic;93, 253.  Cf.
<u>Bruin</u>, <u>Beaver</u>, <u>Burnish</u>, <u>Brunette</u>.] <def>Of a
dark color, of various shades between black and red or yellow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cheeks <i>brown</i> as the oak leaves.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Brown Bess</b></col>, <cd>the old regulation flintlock
smoothbore musket, with bronzed barrel, formerly used in the British
army.</cd> -- <col><b>Brown bread</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Dark
colored bread; esp. a kind made of unbolted wheat flour, sometimes called
in the United States <i>Graham bread</i></cd>. "He would mouth with a
beggar though she smelt <i>brown bread</i> and garlic." <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Dark colored bread made of rye meal and Indian
meal, or of wheat and rye or Indian; rye and Indian bread.</cd> [U.S.] --
<col><b>Brown coal</b></col>, <cd>wood coal. See <u>Lignite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Brown hematite</b></col> or <col><b>Brown iron ore</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>the hydrous iron oxide, limonite, which has a brown
streak. See <u>Limonite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Brown holland</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Holland</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Brown paper</b></col>,
<cd>dark colored paper, esp. coarse wrapping paper, made of unbleached
materials.</cd> -- <col><b>Brown spar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a
ferruginous variety of dolomite, in part identical with ankerite.</cd> --
<col><b>Brown stone</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Brownstone</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Brown stout</b></col>, <cd>a strong kind of porter or malt
liquor.</cd> -- <col><b>Brown study</b></col>, <cd>a state of mental
abstraction or serious reverie.</cd>  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brown</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dark color inclining to red
or yellow, resulting from the mixture of red and black, or of red, black,
and yellow; a tawny, dusky hue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brown</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Browned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Browning</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make brown or dusky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A trembling twilight o'er welkin moves,<BR>
<i>Browns</i> the dim void and darkens deep the groves.<BR>
<i>Barlow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make brown by scorching slightly; as, to
<i>brown</i> meat or flour.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give a bright brown color to, as to gun
barrels, by forming a thin coat of oxide on their surface.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brown</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become brown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brown"back`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The dowitcher or red-breasted snipe. See <u>Dowitcher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brown" bill`</hw> (&?;). [<i>Brown</i> + <i>bill</i> cutting tool.]
<def>A bill or halberd of the 16th and 17th centuries. See 4th
<u>Bill</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many time, but for a sallet, my brainpan had been cleft with
a <i>brown bill</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>black</i>, or as it is sometimes called, the <i>brown
bill</i>, was a kind of halberd, the cutting part hooked like a woodman's
bill, from the back of which projected a spike, and another from the head.
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brown"i*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to Dr.
Robert <i>Brown</i>, who first demonstrated (about 1827) the commonness of
the motion described below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Brownian movement</b></col>, <cd>the peculiar, rapid, vibratory
movement exhibited by the microscopic particles of substances when
suspended in water or other fluids.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brown"ie</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
supposed <i>tawny</i> or <i>swarthy</i> color.] <def>An imaginary good-
natured spirit, who was supposed often to perform important services around
the house by night, such as thrashing, churning, sweeping.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Brown"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or operation of giving a brown color, as to gun barrels, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>A smooth coat of brown mortar,
usually the second coat, and the preparation for the finishing coat of
plaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brown"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat brown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brown"ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>The views or teachings of Robert Brown of the Brownists.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brown"ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
doctrines of the Brunonian system of medicine. See
<u>Brunonian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brown"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A
follower of Robert <i>Brown</i>, of England, in the 16th century, who
taught that every church is complete and independent in itself when
organized, and consists of members meeting in one place, having full power
to elect and depose its officers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brown"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>One who
advocates the Brunonian system of medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brown"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being brown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now like I brown (O lovely brown thy hair);<BR>
Only in <i>brownness</i> beauty dwelleth there.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brown"stone`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dark variety of
sandstone, much used for building purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brown" thrush"</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A common
American singing bird (<i>Harporhynchus rufus</i>), allied to the mocking
bird; -- also called <i>brown thrasher</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brown"wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
species of figwort or <i>Scrophularia</i> (<i>S. vernalis</i>), and other
species of the same genus, mostly perennials with inconspicuous coarse
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brown"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Brown or, somewhat
brown.</def> "<i>Browny</i> locks."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brow"post`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A
beam that goes across a building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Browse</hw> (brouz), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>brost</i>,
<i>broust</i>, sprout, shoot, F. <i>brout</i> browse, browsewood, prob. fr.
OHG. <i>burst</i>, G. <i>borste</i>, bristle; cf. also Armor.
<i>brousta</i> to browse. See <u>Bristle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Brush</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The tender branches or twigs of
trees and shrubs, fit for the food of cattle and other animals; green
food.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sheep, goats, and oxen, and the nobler steed,<BR>
On <i>browse</i>, and corn, and flowery meadows feed.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Browse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Browsed</u> (brouzd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Browsing</u>.] [For <i>broust</i>, OF. <i>brouster</i>, <i>bruster</i>,
F. <i>brouter</i>. See <u>Browse</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Brut</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To eat or nibble off, as the tender
branches of trees, shrubs, etc.; -- said of cattle, sheep, deer, and some
other animals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yes, like the stag, when snow the plasture sheets,<BR>
The barks of trees thou <i>browsedst</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feed on, as pasture; to pasture on; to
graze.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fields . . . <i>browsed</i> by deep-uddered kine.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 186 !></p>

<p><hw>Browse</hw> (brouz), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To feed on the tender branches or shoots of shrubs or trees, as do
cattle, sheep, and deer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pasture; to feed; to nibble.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brows"er</hw> (brouz"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An animal
that browses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Browse"wood`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Shrubs and bushes
upon which animals browse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brows"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Browse; also, a place
abounding with shrubs where animals may browse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Browsings</i> for the deer.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brow"spot`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A rounded organ between the eyes of the frog; the interocular
gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bru*ang"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Malayan sun bear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bru"cine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>brucine</i>,
fr. James <i>Bruce</i>, a Scottish traveler.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
powerful vegetable alkaloid, found, associated with strychnine, in the
seeds of different species of <i>Strychnos</i>, especially in the <i><u>Nux
vomica</u></i>. It is less powerful than strychnine. Called also
<i>brucia</i> and <i>brucina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bru"cite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Dr. A.
<i>Bruce</i> of New York.] <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A white,
pearly mineral, occurring thin and foliated, like talc, and also fibrous; a
native magnesium hydrate.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The mineral
chondrodite.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bruck"eled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wet and dirty;
begrimed.</def> [Obs. or Dial.]  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bruh</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> [Native
name.] <def>The rhesus monkey. See <u>Rhesus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bru"in</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>bruin</i> brown. In
the epic poem of "Reynard the Fox" the bear is so called from his color.
See <u>Brown</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A bear; -- so called in
popular tales and fables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bruise</hw> (br&udd;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bruised</u> (br&udd;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bruising</u>.] [OE. <i>brusen</i>, <i>brisen</i>, <i>brosen</i>,
<i>bresen</i>, AS. <i>br&ymacr;san</i> or fr. OF. <i>bruiser</i>,
<i>bruisier</i>, <i>bruser</i>, to break, shiver, perh. from OHG.
<i>brochis&omacr;n</i>. Cf. <u>Break</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To injure, as by a blow or collision, without
laceration; to contuse; as, to <i>bruise</i> one's finger with a hammer; to
<i>bruise</i> the bark of a tree with a stone; to <i>bruise</i> an apple by
letting it fall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break; as in a mortar; to bray, as minerals,
roots, etc.; to crush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor <i>bruise</i> her flowerets with the armed hoofs.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To pulverize; bray; triturate; pound; contuse.</p>

<p><hw>Bruise</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fight with the fists;
to box.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bruising</i> was considered a fine, manly, old English
custom.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bruise</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An injury to the flesh of
animals, or to plants, fruit, etc., with a blunt or heavy instrument, or by
collision with some other body; a contusion; as, a <i>bruise</i> on the
head; <i>bruises</i> on fruit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the sole of the foot even unto the head there is no
soundness in it; but wounds, and <i>bruises</i>.<BR>
<i>Isa. i. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bruis"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, bruises.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boxer; a pugilist.</def>  <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a new <i>bruiser</i> on Broughtonic sand,<BR>
Amid the lists our hero takes his stand.<BR>
<i>T. Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A concave tool used in grinding lenses or the
speculums of telescopes.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bruise"wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plant supposed
to heal bruises, as the true daisy, the soapwort, and the
comfrey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bruit</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bruit</i>,
<i>brut</i>, noise, bruit, F. <i>bruit</i>, fr. LL. <i>brugitus</i>; cf. L.
<i>rugire</i> to roar; perh. influenced by the source of E. <i>bray</i> to
make a harsh noise, Armor. <i>brud</i> bruit.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Report; rumor; fame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bruit</i> thereof will bring you many friends.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [<i>French pron</i>. &?;.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
abnormal sound of several kinds, heard on auscultation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bruit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bruited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bruiting</u>.] <def>To
report; to noise abroad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I find thou art no less than fame hath <i>bruited</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Bru`maire"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>bruma</i> winter.] <def>The second month of the calendar adopted by the
first French republic. It began thirty days after the autumnal equinox. See
<u>Vendemiaire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bru"mal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>brumalis</i>, fr.
<i>bruma</i> winter: cf. F. <i>brumal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
winter.</def> "The <i>brumal</i> solstice."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brume</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>brume</i> winter
season, mist, L. <i>bruma</i> winter.] <def>Mist; fog; vapors.</def> "The
drifting <i>brume</i>."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brum"ma*gem</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Birmingham</i>
(formerly Bromwycham), Eng., "the great mart and manufactory of gilt toys,
cheap jewelry," etc.] <def>Counterfeit; gaudy but worthless; sham.</def>
[Slang] "These <i>Brummagem</i> gentry."  <i>Lady D. Hardy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bru"mous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foggy;
misty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brun</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Broun</u> a brook.]
<def>Same as <u>Brun</u>, a brook.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Bru*nette"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>brunet</i>,
<i>brunette</i>, brownish, dim. of <i>brun</i>, <i>brune</i>, brown, fr.
OHG. <i>br&?;n</i>. See <u>Brown</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A girl or
woman with a somewhat brown or dark complexion.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Having a dark tint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brun"ion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>brugnon</i> (cf.
It. <i>brugna</i>, <i>prugna</i>), fr. L. <i>prunum</i>. See <u>Prune</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A nectarine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bru*no"ni*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
invented by, <i>Brown</i>; -- a term applied to a system of medicine
promulgated in the 18th century by John <i>Brown</i>, of Scotland, the
fundamental doctrine of which was, that life is a state of excitation
produced by the normal action of external agents upon the body, and that
disease consists in excess or deficiency of excitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bruns"wick black`</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Japan black</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bruns"wick green`</hw> (&?;). [G. <i>Braunschweiger gr&uuml;n</i>,
first made at Brunswick, in Germany.] <def>An oxychloride of copper, used
as a green pigment; also, a carbonate of copper similarly
employed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brunt</hw> (br&ubreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brunt</i>,
<i>bront</i>, fr. Icel. <i>bruna</i> to rush; cf. Icel. <i>brenna</i> to
burn. Cf. <u>Burn</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
heat, or utmost violence, of an onset; the strength or greatest fury of any
contention; as, the <i>brunt</i> of a battle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The force of a blow; shock; collision.</def>
"And heavy <i>brunt</i> of cannon ball."  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is instantly and irrecoverably scattered by our first
<i>brunt</i> with some real affair of common life.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brush</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>brusche</i>, OF.
<i>broche</i>, <i>broce</i>, <i>brosse</i>, brushwood, F. <i>brosse</i>
brush, LL. <i>brustia</i>, <i>bruscia</i>, fr. OHG. <i>brusta</i>,
<i>brust</i>, bristle, G. <i>borste</i> bristle, <i>b&uuml;rste</i> brush.
See <u>Bristle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Browse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument composed of bristles, or other like
material, set in a suitable back or handle, as of wood, bone, or ivory, and
used for various purposes, as in removing dust from clothes, laying on
colors, etc. <i>Brushes</i> have different shapes and names according to
their use; as, clothes <i>brush</i>, paint <i>brush</i>, tooth
<i>brush</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The bushy tail of a fox.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tuft of hair on the
mandibles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Branches of trees lopped off;
brushwood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A thicket of shrubs or small trees; the shrubs
and small trees in a wood; underbrush.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A bundle of flexible wires or
thin plates of metal, used to conduct an electrical current to or from the
commutator of a dynamo, electric motor, or similar apparatus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The act of brushing; as, to give one's clothes a
<i>brush</i>; a rubbing or grazing with a quick motion; a light touch; as,
we got a <i>brush</i> from the wheel as it passed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[As leaves] have with one winter's <i>brush</i><BR>
Fell from their boughts.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A skirmish; a slight encounter; a shock or
collision; as, to have a <i>brush</i> with an enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let grow thy sinews till their knots be strong,<BR>
And tempt not yet the <i>brushes</i> of the war.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A short contest, or trial, of speed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us enjoy a <i>brush</i> across the country.<BR>
<i>Cornhill Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Electrical brush</b></col>, <cd>a form of the electric discharge
characterized by a brushlike appearance of luminous rays diverging from an
electrified body.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brush</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Brushed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Brushing</u>.]
[OE. <i>bruschen</i>; cf. F. <i>brosser</i>. See <u>Brush</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To apply a brush to,
according to its particular use; to rub, smooth, clean, paint, etc., with a
brush.</def> "A' <i>brushes</i> his hat o' mornings."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To touch in passing, or to pass lightly over, as
with a brush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some spread their sailes, some with strong oars sweep<BR>
The waters smooth, and <i>brush</i> the buxom wave.<BR>
<i>Fairfax.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Brushed</i> with the kiss of rustling wings.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remove or gather by brushing, or by an act
like that of brushing, or by passing lightly over, as wind; -- commonly
with <i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As wicked dew as e'er my mother <i>brushed</i><BR>
With raven's feather from unwholesome fen.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And from the boughts <i>brush</i> off the evil dew.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To brush aside</b></col>, <cd>to remove from one's way, as with
a brush.</cd> -- <col><b>To brush away</b></col>, <cd>to remove, as with a
brush or brushing motion.</cd> -- <col><b>To brush up</b></col>, <cd>to
paint, or make clean or bright with a brush; to cleanse or improve; to
renew.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>You have commissioned me to paint your shop, and I have done
my best to <i>brush</i> you <i>up</i> like your neighbors.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brush</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move nimbly in haste; to
move so lightly as scarcely to be perceived; as, to <i>brush</i>
by.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Snatching his hat, he <i>brushed</i> off like the wind.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Brush"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, brushes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brush"i*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
resembling a brush; brushlike condition; shagginess.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brush"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Constructed or used to brush with; as a <i>brushing</i>
machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Brisk; light; as, a <i>brushing</i>
gallop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brush"ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From George J.
<i>Brush</i>, an American mineralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A white or gray
crystalline mineral consisting of the acid phosphate of calcium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brush" tur`key</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, edible,
gregarious bird of Australia (<i>Talegalla Lathami</i>) of the family
<i>Megapodid&aelig;</i>. Also applied to several allied species of New
Guinea.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>brush turkeys</i> live in the "brush," and construct a
common nest by collecting a large heap of decaying vegetable matter, which
generates heat sufficient to hatch the numerous eggs (sometimes half a
bushel) deposited in it by the females of the flock.</p>

<p><hw>Brush" wheel`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wheel without
teeth, used to turn a similar one by the friction of bristles or something
brushlike or soft attached to the circumference.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A circular revolving brush used by turners,
lapidaries, silversmiths, etc., for polishing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brush"wood</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Brush; a thicket or coppice of small trees and shrubs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Small branches of trees cut off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brush"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a brush; shaggy;
rough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brusk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Brusque</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brusque</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>brusque</i>, from
It. <i>brusco</i> brusque, tart, sour, perh. fr. L. (<i>vitis</i>)
<i>labrusca</i> wild (vine); or cf. OHG. <i>bruttisc</i> grim, fr.
<i>brutti</i> terror.] <def>Rough and prompt in manner; blunt; abrupt;
bluff; as, a <i>brusque</i> man; a <i>brusque</i> style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brusque"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
brusque; roughness joined with promptness; bluntness.</def>  <i>Brit.
Quar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brus"sels</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A city of Belgium,
giving its name to a kind of carpet, a kind of lace, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Brussels carpet</b></col>, <cd>a kind of carpet made of worsted
yarn fixed in a foundation web of strong linen thread. The worsted, which
alone shows on the upper surface in drawn up in loops to form the
pattern.</cd> -- <col><b>Brussels ground</b></col>, <cd>a name given to the
handmade ground of real Brussels lace. It is very costly because of the
extreme fineness of the threads.</cd> -- <col><b>Brussels lace</b></col>,
<cd>an expensive kind of lace of several varieties, originally made in
Brussels; as, <i>Brussels</i> point, <i>Brussels</i> ground,
<i>Brussels</i> wire ground.</cd> -- <col><b>Brussels net</b></col>, <cd>an
imitation of Brussels ground, made by machinery.</cd> -- <col><b>Brussels
point</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Point lace</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Brussels
sprouts</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the Cabbage family, which
produces, in the axils of the upright stem, numerous small green heads, or
"sprouts," each a cabbage in miniature, of one or two inches in diameter;
the thousand-headed cabbage.</cd> -- <col><b>Brussels wire
ground</b></col>, <cd>a ground for lace, made of silk, with meshes partly
straight and partly arched.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Brus"tle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brustled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Brustling</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>brustlien</i> and <i>brastlien</i>, AS.
<i>brastlian</i>, fr. <i>berstan</i> to burst, akin to G. <i>prasseln</i>
to crackle. See <u>Burst</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To crackle; to rustle, as a silk garment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a show of fierceness or defiance; to
bristle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>To brustle up</b></col>, <cd>to bristle up.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brus"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bristle.</def> [Obs. or
Prov.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brut</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>brouter</i>, OF.
<i>brouster</i>. See <u>Browse</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
browse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brut</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Birt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bru"ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., neuter pl., fr. L.
<i>brutus</i> heavy, stupid.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Edentata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bru"tal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>brutal</i>. See
<u>Brute</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to a brute; as, <i>brutal</i> nature.</def> "Above the rest of
<i>brutal</i> kind."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a brute; savage; cruel; inhuman; brutish;
unfeeling; merciless; gross; as, <i>brutal</i> manners.</def>
"<i>Brutal</i> intemperance."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bru"tal*ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Brutish quality;
brutality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bru*tal"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Brutalities</b></plw> (&?;). [Cf. F. <i>brutalit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being brutal; inhumanity;
savageness; pitilessness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inhuman act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . <i>brutalities</i> exercised in war.<BR>
<i>Brougham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bru`tal*i*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of making brutal; state of being brutalized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bru"tal*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brutalized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Brutalizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>brutaliser</i>.] <def>To make brutal;
beasty; unfeeling; or inhuman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bru"tal*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become brutal,
inhuman, barbarous, or coarse and beasty.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He mixed . . . with his countrymen, <i>brutalized</i> with
them in their habits and manners.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bru"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a brutal manner;
cruelly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brute</hw> (br&udd;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>brut</i>, nasc.,
<i>brute</i>, fem., raw, rough, rude, brutish, L. <i>brutus</i> stupid,
irrational: cf. It. &amp; Sp. <i>bruto</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not having
sensation; senseless; inanimate; unconscious; without intelligence or
volition; as, the <i>brute</i> earth; the <i>brute</i> powers of
nature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not possessing reason, irrational; unthinking;
as, a <i>brute</i> beast; the <i>brute</i> creation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A creature . . . not prone<BR>
And <i>brute</i> as other creatures, but endued<BR>
With sanctity of reason.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of, a brute
beast. Hence: Brutal; cruel; fierce; ferocious; savage; pitiless; as,
<i>brute</i> violence.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The influence of capital and mere <i>brute</i> labor.<BR>
<i>Playfair.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having the physical powers predominating over
the mental; coarse; unpolished; unintelligent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A great <i>brute</i> farmer from Liddesdale.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Rough; uncivilized; unfeeling.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Brute</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An animal
destitute of human reason; any animal not human; esp. a quadruped; a
beast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Brutes</i> may be considered as either a&euml;ral,
terrestrial, aquatic, or amphibious.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brutal person; a savage in heart or manners;
as unfeeling or coarse person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An ill-natured <i>brute</i> of a husband.<BR>
<i>Franklin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Beast</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Brute</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [For <i>bruit</i>.] <def>To
report; to bruit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Brute"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rude or violent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brute"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Brutality.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Insensibility.</def> "The <i>bruteness</i> of
nature."  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bru"ti*fy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Brutified</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Brutifying</u>.] [<i>Brute</i> + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>brutifier</i>.]
<def>To make like a brute; to make senseless, stupid, or unfeeling; to
brutalize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any man not quite <i>brutified</i> and void of sense.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bru"tish</hw> (br&udd;"t&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a brute or brutes; of a cruel, gross,
and stupid nature; coarse; unfeeling; unintelligent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, let all provocation<BR>
Take every <i>brutish</i> shape it can devise.<BR>
<i>Leigh Hunt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Man may . . . render himself <i>brutish</i>, but it is in
vain that he would seek to take the rank and density of the brute.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insensible; stupid; unfeeling; savage; cruel; brutal;
barbarous; inhuman; ferocious; gross; carnal; sensual; bestial.</p>

<p>--  <wf>Bru"tish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Bru"tish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bru"tism</hw> (br&udd;"t&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
nature or characteristic qualities or actions of a brute; extreme
stupidity, or beastly vulgarity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brut"ting</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Browsing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bry*o*log"i*cal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
bryology; as, <i>bryological</i> studies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bry*ol"o*gist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
bryology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bry*ol"o*gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; moss + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>That part of botany which relates to mosses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bry"o*nin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
bitter principle obtained from the root of the bryony (<i>Bryonia alba</i>
and <i>B. dioica</i>). It is a white, or slightly colored, substance, and
is emetic and cathartic.</def></p>

<p><! p. 187 !></p>

<p><hw>Bry"o*ny</hw> (br&imacr;"&osl;*n&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>bryonia</i>, Gr. <grk>brywni`a</grk>, fr. <grk>bry`ein</grk> to swell,
esp. of plants.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The common name of several
cucurbitaceous plants of the genus <i>Bryonia</i>. The root of <i>B.
alba</i> (<i>rough</i> or <i>white bryony</i>) and of <i>B. dioica</i> is a
strong, irritating cathartic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black bryony</b></col>, <cd>a plant (<i>Tamus communis</i>) so
named from its dark glossy leaves and black root; black bindweed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Bry*oph"y*ta</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cryptogamia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bry`o*zo"a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
moss + &?; animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class of Molluscoidea,
including minute animals which by budding form compound colonies; -- called
also <i>Polyzoa</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are often coralike in form and appearance, each small cell
containing an individual zooid. Other species grow in delicate, flexible,
branched forms, resembling moss, whence the name. Some are found in fresh
water, but most are marine. The three principal divisions are
<i>Ectoprocta</i>, <i>Entoprocta</i>, and <i>Pterobranchia</i>. See
<u>Cyclostoma</u>, <u>Chilostoma</u>, and <u>Phylactolema</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bry`o*zo"an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Bryozoa.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One of the Bryozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bry`o*zo"um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Bryozoa</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An individual zooid of a bryozoan
coralline, of which there may be two or more kinds in a single colony. The
zo&oelig;cia usually have a wreath of tentacles around the mouth, and a
well developed stomach and intestinal canal; but these parts are lacking in
the other zooids (<i>Avicularia</i>, <i>O&oelig;cia</i>, etc.).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bu`an*su"ah</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wild dog of northern India (<i>Cuon
prim&aelig;vus</i>), supposed by some to be an ancestral species of the
domestic dog.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bu"at</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot., of uncertain
origin.] <def>A lantern; also, the moon.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bub</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Strong malt liquor.</def>
[Cant]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 2d <u>Bubby</u>.] <def>A young
brother; a little boy; -- a familiar term of address of a small
boy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from <u>Bubble</u>.]
<def>To throw out in bubbles; to bubble.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sackville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bu"ba*le</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>bubale</i>. See
<u>Buffalo</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large
antelope (<i>Alcelaphus bubalis</i>) of Egypt and the Desert of Sahara,
supposed by some to be the fallow deer of the Bible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"ba*line</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Resembling a buffalo.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bubaline antelope</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
bubale.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bub"ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>bobbel</i>, Dan.
<i>boble</i>, Sw. <i>bubbla</i>. Cf. <u>Blob</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin film of liquid inflated with air or gas; as,
a soap <i>bubble</i>; <i>bubbles</i> on the surface of a river.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beads of sweat have stood upon thy brow,<BR>
Like <i>bubbles</i> in a late disturbed stream.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small quantity of air or gas within a liquid
body; as, <i>bubbles</i> rising in champagne or a&euml;rated
waters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A globule of air, or globular vacuum, in a
transparent solid; as, <i>bubbles</i> in window glass, or in a
lens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small, hollow, floating bead or globe,
formerly used for testing the strength of spirits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The globule of air in the spirit tube of a
level.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Anything that wants firmness or solidity; that
which is more specious than real; a false show; a cheat or fraud; a
delusive scheme; an empty project; a dishonest speculation; as, the South
Sea <i>bubble</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then a soldier . . . <BR>
Seeking the <i>bubble</i> reputation<BR>
Even in the cannon's mouth.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A person deceived by an empty project; a
gull.</def> [Obs.] "Ganny's a cheat, and I'm a <i>bubble</i>."
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bub"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bubbled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bubbling</u> (&?;).] [Cf. D. <i>bobbelen</i>, Dan. <i>boble</i>. See
<u>Bubble</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rise in
bubbles, as liquids when boiling or agitated; to contain bubbles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The milk that <i>bubbled</i> in the pail.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To run with a gurgling noise, as if forming
bubbles; as, a <i>bubbling</i> stream.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sing with a gurgling or warbling
sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At mine ear<BR>
<i>Bubbled</i> the nightingale and heeded not.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bub"bler</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cheat; to
deceive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She has <i>bubbled</i> him out of his youth.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The great Locke, who was seldom outwitted by false sounds,
was nevertheless <i>bubbled</i> here.<BR>
<i>Sterne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bub"bler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who cheats.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the Jews, jobbers, <i>bubblers</i>, subscribers,
projectors, etc.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish of the Ohio river; --
so called from the noise it makes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bub"ble shell`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine
univalve shell of the genus <i>Bulla</i> and allied genera, belonging to
the Tectibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bub"bling Jock`</hw> (&?;) <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male wild
turkey, the gobbler; -- so called in allusion to its notes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bub"bly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in bubbles;
bubbling.</def>  <i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bub"by</hw> (b&ubreve;b"b&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov.
G. <i>b&uuml;bbi</i>, or It. <i>poppa</i>, Pr. <i>popa</i>, OF.
<i>poupe</i>, a woman's breast.] <def>A woman's breast.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Bub"by</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of <i>brother</i>.]
<def>Bub; -- a term of familiar or affectionate address to a small
boy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"bo</hw> (b&umacr;"b&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Buboes</b></plw> (-b&osl;z). [LL. <i>bubo</i> the groin, a swelling
in the groin, Gr. <grk>boubw`n</grk>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inflammation,
with enlargement, of a lymphatic gland, esp. in the groin, as in
syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu*bon"ic</hw> (b&usl;*b&obreve;n"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to a bubo or buboes; characterized by
buboes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu*bon"o*cele</hw> (b&usl;*b&obreve;n"&osl;*s&emacr;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>boubw`n</grk> groin + &?; tumor: cf. F.
<i>bubonoc&egrave;le</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inguinal hernia; esp. that
incomplete variety in which the hernial pouch descends only as far as the
groin, forming a swelling there like a bubo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"bu*kle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A red pimple.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buc"cal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bucca</i> cheek: cf.
F. <i>buccal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the mouth or
cheeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buc`ca*neer"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>boucanier</i>,
fr. <i>boucaner</i> to smoke or broil meat and fish, to hunt wild beasts
for their skins, <i>boucan</i> a smoking place for meat or fish, gridiron
for smoking: a word of American origin.] <def>A robber upon the sea; a
pirate; -- a term applied especially to the piratical adventurers who made
depredations on the Spaniards in America in the 17th and 18th
centuries.</def> [Written also <i>bucanier</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; Primarily, one who dries and smokes flesh or fish after the
manner of the Indians. The name was first given to the French settlers in
Hayti or Hispaniola, whose business was to hunt wild cattle and swine.</p>

<p><hw>Buc`ca*neer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act the part of a
buccaneer; to live as a piratical adventurer or sea robber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buc`ca*neer"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a buccaneer;
piratical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buc"ci*nal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bucina</i> a
crooked horn or trumpet.] <def>Shaped or sounding like a trumpet;
trumpetlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Buc`ci*na"tor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a trumpeter,
fr. <i>bucinare</i> to sound the trumpet.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle of
the cheek; -- so called from its use in blowing wind instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buc"ci*noid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Buccinum</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling the genus Buccinum, or
pertaining to the <i>Buccinid&aelig;</i>, a family of marine univalve
shells. See <u>Whelk</u>, and <u>Prosobranchiata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Buc"ci*num</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a trumpet, a
trumpet shell.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of large univalve mollusks
abundant in the arctic seas. It includes the common whelk (<i>B.
undatum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu*cen"taur</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>boy^s</grk>
ox + <grk>ke`ntayros</grk> centaur.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fabulous
monster, half ox, half man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [It. <i>bucentoro</i>.] <def>The state barge of
Venice, used by the doge in the ceremony of espousing the
Adriatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bu"ce*ros</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>boy`kerws</grk> horned like an ox; <grk>boy^s</grk> ox +
<grk>ke`ras</grk> horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of large perching
birds; the hornbills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buch"ol*zite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>Bucholz</i>, a German chemist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Fibrolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"chu</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A South
African shrub (<i>Barosma</i>) with small leaves that are dotted with oil
glands; also, the leaves themselves, which are used in medicine for
diseases of the urinary organs, etc. Several species furnish the
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buck</hw> (b&ubreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG.
<i>b&uuml;ke</i>, Dan. <i>byg</i>, Sw. <i>byk</i>, G. <i>bauche</i>: cf.
It. <i>bucato</i>, Prov. Sp. <i>bugada</i>, F. <i>bu&eacute;e</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lye or suds in which cloth is soaked in the
operation of bleaching, or in which clothes are washed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cloth or clothes soaked or washed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bucked</u> (b&ubreve;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bucking</u>.] [OE. <i>bouken</i>; akin to LG. <i>b&uuml;ken</i>, Dan.
<i>byge</i>, Sw. <i>byka</i>, G. <i>bauchen</i>, <i>beuchen</i>; cf. OF.
<i>buer</i>. Cf. the preceding noun.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To soak,
steep, or boil, in lye or suds; -- a process in bleaching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wash (clothes) in lye or suds, or, in later
usage, by beating them on stones in running water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To break up or pulverize, as
ores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>buk</i>, <i>bucke</i>, AS.
<i>bucca</i>, <i>bua</i>, he-goat; akin to D. <i>bok</i>, OHG.
<i>pocch</i>, G. <i>bock</i>, Ir. <i>boc</i>, W. <i>bwch</i>, Corn.
<i>byk</i>; cf. Zend <i>b&umacr;za</i>, Skr. <i>bukka</i>. &radic;256. Cf.
<u>Butcher</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The male of
deer, especially fallow deer and antelopes, or of goats, sheep, hares, and
rabbits.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A male fallow deer is called a <i>fawn</i> in his first year; a
<i>pricket</i> in his second; a <i>sorel</i> in his third; a <i>sore</i> in
his fourth; a <i>buck of the first head</i> in his fifth; and a <i>great
buck</i> in his sixth. The female of the fallow deer is termed a
<i>doe</i>. The male of the red deer is termed a <i>stag</i> or <i>hart</i>
and not a <i>buck</i>, and the female is called a <i>hind</i>.  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gay, dashing young fellow; a fop; a
dandy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The leading <i>bucks</i> of the day.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A male Indian or negro.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>buck</i> is much used in composition for the names of
antelopes; as, bush <i>buck</i>, spring <i>buck</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Blue buck</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Blue</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Water buck</b></col>, <cd>a South African variety of antelope
(<i>Kobus ellipsiprymnus</i>). See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Antelope</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Buck</hw> (b&ubreve;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To copulate, as bucks and does.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spring with quick plunging leaps, descending
with the fore legs rigid and the head held as low down as possible; -- said
of a vicious horse or mule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>To subject to a mode of punishment which consists in tying the wrists
together, passing the arms over the bent knees, and putting a stick across
the arms and in the angle formed by the knees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw by bucking. See <u>Buck</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brute that he was riding had nearly <i>bucked</i> him
out of the saddle.<BR>
<i>W. E. Norris.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A frame on which firewood is
sawed; a sawhorse; a sawbuck.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Buck saw</b></col>, <cd>a saw set in a frame and used for sawing
wood on a sawhorse.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Buck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Beech</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The beech tree.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Buck mast</b></col>, <cd>the mast or fruit of the beech
tree.</cd>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buck"-bas`ket</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Buck</u>.] <def>A basket in which clothes are carried to the wash.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buck" bean`</hw> (b&emacr;n`). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant
(<i>Menyanthes trifoliata</i>) which grows in moist and boggy places,
having racemes of white or reddish flowers and intensely bitter leaves,
sometimes used in medicine; marsh trefoil; -- called also <i>bog
bean</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buck"board`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A four-wheeled
vehicle, having a long elastic board or frame resting on the bolsters or
axletrees, and a seat or seats placed transversely upon it; -- called also
<i>buck wagon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buck"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who bucks ore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A broad-headed hammer used in bucking
ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buck"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A horse or mule that
bucks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buck"et</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>boket</i>; cf. AS.
<i>buc</i> pitcher, or Corn. <i>buket</i> tub.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
vessel for drawing up water from a well, or for catching, holding, or
carrying water, sap, or other liquids.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The old oaken <i>bucket</i>, the iron-bound
<i>bucket</i>,<BR>
The moss-covered <i>bucket</i>, which hung in the well.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel (as a tub or scoop) for hoisting and
conveying coal, ore, grain, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>One of the receptacles on the rim
of a water wheel into which the water rushes, causing the wheel to revolve;
also, a float of a paddle wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The valved piston of a lifting pump.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fire bucket</b></col>, <cd>a bucket for carrying water to put
out fires.</cd> -- <col><b>To kick the bucket</b></col>, <cd>to die.</cd>
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Buck"et shop`</hw> (&?;). <def>An office or a place where facilities
are given for betting small sums on current prices of stocks, petroleum,
etc.</def> [Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Buck"et*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>buckwheat</i>.] <def>Paste used by weavers to dress their webs.</def>
<i>Buchanan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buck"eye`</hw> (b&ubreve;k"&imacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several American
trees and shrubs of the same genus (<i>&AElig;sculus</i>) as the horse
chestnut.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Ohio buckeye</b></col>, or <col><b>Fetid buckeye</b></col>,
<cd>is <i>&AElig;sculus glabra</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red buckeye</b></col>
<cd>is <i>&AElig;. Pavia</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Small buckeye</b></col>
<cd>is <i>&AElig;. paviflora</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet buckeye</b></col>,
or <col><b>Yellow buckeye</b></col>, <cd>is <i>&AElig;. flava</i>.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cant name for a native in Ohio.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Buckeye State</b></col>, <cd>Ohio; -- so called because buckeye
trees abound there.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Buck"-eyed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having bad or
speckled eyes.</def> "A <i>buck-eyed</i> horse."  <i>James White.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buck"hound`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hound for
hunting deer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Master of the buckhounds</b></col>, <cd>an officer in the royal
household.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Buck"ie</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large spiral marine shell, esp. the common whelk. See
<u>Buccinum</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Deil's buckie</b></col>, <cd>a perverse, refractory
youngster.</cd> [Slang]
</p>

<p><hw>Buck"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or process of soaking or boiling cloth in an alkaline liquid in the
operation of bleaching; also, the liquid used.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A washing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The process of breaking up or pulverizing
ores.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bucking iron</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a broad-faced
hammer, used in bucking or breaking up ores.</cd> -- <col><b>Bucking
kier</b></col> <i>(Manuf.)</i>, <cd>a large circular boiler, or kier, used
in bleaching.</cd> -- <col><b>Bucking stool</b></col>, <cd>a washing
block.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Buck"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dandified;
foppish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buc"kle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bocle</i> buckle,
boss of a shield, OF. <i>bocle</i>, F. <i>boucle</i>, boss of a shield,
ring, fr. L. <i>buccula</i> a little cheek or mouth, dim. of <i>bucca</i>
cheek; this boss or knob resembling a cheek.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
device, usually of metal, consisting of a frame with one more movable
tongues or catches, used for fastening things together, as parts of dress
or harness, by means of a strap passing through the frame and pierced by
the tongue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A distortion bulge, bend, or kink, as in a saw
blade or a plate of sheet metal.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A curl of hair, esp. a kind of crisp curl
formerly worn; also, the state of being curled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Earlocks in tight <i>buckles</i> on each side of a lantern
face.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Lets his wig lie in <i>buckle</i> for a whole half year.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A contorted expression, as of the face.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>'Gainst nature armed by gravity,<BR>
His features too in <i>buckle</i> see.<BR>
<i>Churchill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buc"kle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Buckled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Buckling</u>.] [OE. <i>boclen</i>, F. <i>boucler</i>. See <u>Buckle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten or confine with a
buckle or buckles; as, to <i>buckle</i> a harness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bend; to cause to kink, or to become
distorted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To prepare for action; to apply with vigor and
earnestness; -- generally used reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cartwright <i>buckled</i> himself to the employment.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To join in marriage.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><! p. 188 !></p>

<p><hw>Buc"kle</hw> (b&ubreve;k"k'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bend permanently; to become distorted; to bow;
to curl; to kink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Buckled</i> with the heat of the fire like parchment.<BR>
<i>Pepys.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bend out of a true vertical plane, as a
wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To yield; to give way; to cease opposing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Dutch, as high as they seem, do begin to
<i>buckle</i>.<BR>
<i>Pepys.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To enter upon some labor or contest; to join in
close fight; to struggle; to contend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bishop was as able and ready to <i>buckle</i> with the
Lord Protector as he was with him.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In single combat thou shalt <i>buckle</i> with me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To buckle to</b></col>, <cd>to bend to; to engage with
zeal.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>To make our sturdy humor <i>buckle</i> there<i>to</i>.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Before <i>buckling to</i> my winter's work.<BR>
<i>J. D. Forbes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buc"kler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bocler</i>, OF.
<i>bocler</i>, F. <i>bouclier</i>, a shield with a boss, from OF.
<i>bocle</i>, <i>boucle</i>, boss. See <u>Buckle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of shield, of various shapes and sizes, worn
on one of the arms (usually the left) for protecting the front of the
body.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the sword and <i>buckler</i> play of the Middle Ages in
England, the <i>buckler</i> was a small shield, used, not to cover the
body, but to stop or parry blows.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
the large, bony, external plates found on many ganoid fishes.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The anterior segment of the shell of
trilobites.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A block of wood or plate of iron
made to fit a hawse hole, or the circular opening in a half-port, to
prevent water from entering when the vessel pitches.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blind buckler</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a solid
buckler.</cd> -- <col><b>Buckler mustard</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
genus of plants (<i>Biscutella</i>) with small bright yellow flowers. The
seed vessel on bursting resembles two bucklers or shields.</cd> --
<col><b>Buckler thorn</b></col>, <cd>a plant with seed vessels shaped like
a buckler. See <u>Christ's thorn</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Riding
buckler</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a buckler with a hole for the passage
of a cable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Buc"kler</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shield; to
defend.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Can Oxford, that did ever fence the right,<BR>
Now <i>buckler</i> falsehood with a pedigree?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buc"kler-head`ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a head
like a buckler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buc"kling</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wavy; curling, as
hair.</def>  <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buck"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [In the language of the
Calabar coast, <i>buckra</i> means "demon, a powerful and superior being."
<i>J. L. Wilson.</i>] <def>A white man; -- a term used by negroes of the
African coast, West Indies, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buck"ra</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>White; white man's; strong;
good; as, <i>buckra</i> yam, a white yam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buck"ram</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bokeram</i>,
<i>bougeren</i>, OF. <i>boqueran</i>, F. <i>bougran</i>, MHG.
<i>buckeram</i>, LL. <i>buchiranus</i>, <i>boquerannus</i>, fr. MHG.
<i>boc</i>, G. <i>bock</i>, goat (as being made of goat's hair), or fr. F.
<i>bouracan</i>, by transposing the letter <i>r</i>. See <u>Buck</u>,
<u>Barracan</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A coarse cloth of linen or hemp,
stiffened with size or glue, used in garments to keep them in the form
intended, and for wrappers to cover merchandise.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Buckram</i> was formerly a very different material from that
now known by the name. It was used for wearing apparel, etc.  <i>Beck
(Draper's Dict. ).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant. See <u>Ramson</u>.</def>
<i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buck"ram</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made of
buckram; as, a <i>buckram</i> suit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stiff; precise.</def> "<i>Buckram</i> dames."
<i>Brooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buck"ram</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strengthen with
buckram; to make stiff.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buck's"-horn`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant with leaves branched somewhat like a buck's horn (<i>Plantago
Coronopus</i>); also, <i>Lobelia coronopifolia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buck"shot`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coarse leaden
shot, larger than swan shot, used in hunting deer and large game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buck"skin`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The skin of a buck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A soft strong leather, usually yellowish or
grayish in color, made of deerskin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person clothed in buckskin, particularly an
American soldier of the Revolutionary war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cornwallis fought as lang's he dought,<BR>
An' did the <i>buckskins</i> claw, man.<BR>
<i>Burns.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Breeches made of buckskin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have alluded to his <i>buckskin</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buck"stall`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A toil or net to
take deer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buck"thorn`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus (<i>Rhamnus</i>) of shrubs or trees. The shorter branches of some
species terminate in long spines or thorns. See <u>Rhamnus</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sea buckthorn</b></col>, <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Hippopha&euml;</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Buck"tooth`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any tooth that
juts out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he laughed, two white <i>buckteeth</i> protruded.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buck"wheat`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Buck</i> a beech
tree + <i>wheat</i>; akin to D. <i>boekweit</i>, G. <i>buchweizen</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant (<i>Fagopyrum esculentum</i>)
of the Polygonum family, the seed of which is used for food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The triangular seed used, when ground, for
griddle cakes, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu*col"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bucolicus</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; cowherd, herdsman; &?; ox + (perh.) &?; race horse; cf. Skr.
<i>kal</i> to drive: cf. F. <i>bucolique</i>. See <u>Cow</u> the animal.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the life and occupation of a shepherd; pastoral;
rustic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu*col"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Bucolic&ocirc;n</i>
po&euml;ma.] <def>A pastoral poem, representing rural affairs, and the
life, manners, and occupation of shepherds; as, the <i>Bucolics</i> of
Theocritus and Virgil.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bu*col"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Bucolic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bu*cra"ni*um</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Bucrania</b></plw> (&?;). [L., fr. Gr. &?; ox head.] <def>A
sculptured ornament, representing an ox skull adorned with wreaths,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bud</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>budde</i>; cf. D.
<i>bot</i>, G. <i>butze</i>, <i>butz</i>, the core of a fruit, bud, LG.
<i>butte</i> in hage<i>butte</i>, hain<i>butte</i>, a hip of the dog-rose,
or OF. <i>boton</i>, F. <i>bouton</i>, bud, button, OF. <i>boter</i> to
bud, push; all akin to E. <i>beat</i>. See <u>Button</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small protuberance on the stem or
branches of a plant, containing the rudiments of future leaves, flowers, or
stems; an undeveloped branch or flower.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A small protuberance on certain
low forms of animals and vegetables which develops into a new organism,
either free or attached. See <u>Hydra</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bud moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a lepidopterous
insect of several species, which destroys the buds of fruit trees; esp.
<i>Tmetocera ocellana</i> and <i>Eccopsis malana</i> on the apple
tree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bud</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Budded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Budding</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put forth or produce buds, as a plant; to grow,
as a bud does, into a flower or shoot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To begin to grow, or to issue from a stock in
the manner of a bud, as a horn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be like a bud in respect to youth and
freshness, or growth and promise; as, a <i>budding</i> virgin.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To sprout; germinate; blossom.</p>

<p><hw>Bud</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To graft, as a plant with
another or into another, by inserting a bud from the one into an opening in
the bark of the other, in order to raise, upon the budded stock, fruit
different from that which it would naturally bear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The apricot and the nectarine may be, and usually are,
<i>budded</i> upon the peach; the plum and the peach are <i>budded</i> on
each other.<BR>
<i>Farm. Dict.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bud"dha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>buddha</i> wise,
sage, fr. <i>budh</i> to know.] <def>The title of an incarnation of self-
abnegation, virtue, and wisdom, or a deified religious teacher of the
Buddhists, esp. Gautama Siddartha or Sakya Sinha (or Muni), the founder of
Buddhism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bud"dhism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The religion based
upon the doctrine originally taught by the Hindoo sage Gautama Siddartha,
surnamed Buddha, "the awakened or enlightened," in the sixth century <u>b.
c.</u>, and adopted as a religion by the greater part of the inhabitants of
Central and Eastern Asia and the Indian Islands. Buddha's teaching is
believed to have been atheistic; yet it was characterized by elevated
humanity and morality. It presents release from existence (a beatific
enfranchisement, <i>Nirv&acirc;na</i>) as the greatest good. Buddhists
believe in transmigration of souls through all phases and forms of life.
Their number was estimated in 1881 at 470,000,000.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bud"dhist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who accepts the
teachings of Buddhism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bud"dhist</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Buddha, Buddhism, or the Buddhists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bud*dhis"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Buddhist</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bud"ding</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of producing buds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A process of asexual
reproduction, in which a new organism or cell is formed by a protrusion of
a portion of the animal or vegetable organism, the bud thus formed
sometimes remaining attached to the parent stalk or cell, at other times
becoming free; gemmation. See <u>Hydroidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of ingrafting one kind of
plant upon another stock by inserting a bud under the bark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bud"dle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E., to cleanse ore,
also a vessel for this purpose; cf. G. <i>butteln</i> to shake.]
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>An apparatus, especially an inclined trough or vat, in
which stamped ore is concentrated by subjecting it to the action of running
water so as to wash out the lighter and less valuable portions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bud"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To wash
ore in a buddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bude" burn`er</hw> (&?;). [See <u>Bude light</u>.] <def>A burner
consisting of two or more concentric Argand burners (the inner rising above
the outer) and a central tube by which oxygen gas or common air is
supplied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bude" light`</hw> (&?;). [From <i>Bude</i>, in Cornwall, the
residence of Sir G.Gurney, the inventor.] <def>A light in which high
illuminating power is obtained by introducing a jet of oxygen gas or of
common air into the center of a flame fed with coal gas or with
oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Budge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Budged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Budging</u>.] [F. <i>bouger</i> to stir, move (akin to Pr. <i>bojar</i>,
<i>bolegar</i>, to stir, move, It. <i>bulicare</i> to boil, bubble), fr. L.
<i>bullire</i>. See <u>Boil</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To move off;
to stir; to walk away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll not <i>budge</i> an inch, boy.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The mouse ne'er shunned the cat as they did <i>budge</i><BR>
From rascals worse than they.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Budge</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Budge</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Brisk; stirring; jocund.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Budge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bouge</i> bag, OF.
<i>boge</i>, <i>bouge</i>, fr. L. <i>bulga</i> a leathern bag or knapsack;
a Gallic word; cf. OIr. <i>bolc</i>, Gael. <i>bolg</i>. Cf. <u>Budge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A kind of fur prepared from lambskin dressed
with the wool on; -- used formerly as an edging and ornament, esp. of
scholastic habits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Budge</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lined with
budge; hence, scholastic.</def> "<i>Budge</i> gowns."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Austere or stiff, like scholastics.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>budge</i> doctors of the stoic fur.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Budge bachelor</b></col>, <cd>one of a company of men clothed in
long gowns lined with budge, who formerly accompanied the lord mayor of
London in his inaugural procession.</cd> -- <col><b>Budge barrel</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a small copper-hooped barrel with only one head, the
other end being closed by a piece of leather, which is drawn together with
strings like a purse. It is used for carrying powder from the magazine to
the battery, in siege or seacoast service.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Budge"ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sternness;
severity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A Sara for goodness, a great Bellona for
<i>budgeness</i>.<BR>
<i>Stanyhurst.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Budg"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who budges.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||budg"e*row</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hindi
<i>bajr&amacr;</i>.] <def>A large and commodious, but generally cumbrous
and sluggish boat, used for journeys on the Ganges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Budg"et</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bogett</i>,
<i>bouget</i>, F. <i>bougette</i> bag, wallet, dim. of OF. <i>boge</i>,
<i>bouge</i>, leather bag. See <u>Budge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Bouget</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bag or sack with its contents;
hence, a stock or store; an accumulation; as, a <i>budget</i> of
inventions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The annual financial statement which the British
chancellor of the exchequer makes in the House of Commons. It comprehends a
general view of the finances of the country, with the proposed plan of
taxation for the ensuing year. The term is sometimes applied to a similar
statement in other countries.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To open the budget</b></col>, <cd>to lay before a legislative
body the financial estimates and plans of the executive
government.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Budg"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Budge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Consisting of fur.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bud"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bud</i> + <i>-let</i>.]
<def>A little bud springing from a parent bud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have a criterion to distinguish one bud from another, or
the parent bud from the numerous <i>budlets</i> which are its
offspring.<BR>
<i>E. Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buff</hw> (b&ubreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>buff</i>,
<i>buffe</i>, buff, buffalo, F. <i>buffle</i> buffalo. See <u>Buffalo</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of leather, prepared from the skin of the
buffalo, dressed with oil, like chamois; also, the skins of oxen, elks, and
other animals, dressed in like manner.</def> "A suit of <i>buff</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The color of buff; a light yellow, shading
toward pink, gray, or brown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A visage rough,<BR>
Deformed, unfeatured, and a skin of <i>buff</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A military coat, made of buff leather.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The grayish viscid substance
constituting the buffy coat. See <i>Buffy coat</i>, under <u>Buffy</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A wheel covered with buff
leather, and used in polishing cutlery, spoons, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The bare skin; as, to strip to the
<i>buff</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To be in <i>buff</i> is equivalent to being naked.<BR>
<i>Wright.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buff</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made of buff
leather.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the color of buff.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Buff coat</b></col>, <cd>a close, military outer garment, with
short sleeves, and laced tightly over the chest, made of buffalo skin, or
other thick and elastic material, worn by soldiers in the 17th century as a
defensive covering.</cd> -- <col><b>Buff jerkin</b></col>, <cd>originally,
a leather waistcoat; afterward, one of cloth of a buff color.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Nares.</i> -- <col><b>Buff stick</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a strip
of wood covered with buff leather, used in polishing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Buff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To polish with a buff. See
<u>Buff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bufer</i> to cuff,
buffet. See <u>Buffet</u> a blow.] <def>To strike.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Buffet</u>.] <def>A buffet;
a blow; -- obsolete except in the phrase "Blindman's
<i>buff</i>."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nathless so sore a <i>buff</i> to him it lent<BR>
That made him reel.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buff</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Of uncertain etymol.] <def>Firm;
sturdy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And for the good old cause stood <i>buff</i>,<BR>
'Gainst many a bitter kick and cuff.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Buf"fa</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. fem.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> [It.
See <u>Buffoon</u>.] <def>The comic actress in an opera.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Comic, farcical.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aria buffa</b></col>, <cd>a droll or comic air.</cd> --
<col><b>Opera buffa</b></col>, <cd>a comic opera. See <u>Opera
bouffe</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Buf"fa*lo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Buffaloes</b></plw> (&?;). [Sp. <i>bufalo</i> (cf. It.
<i>bufalo</i>, F. <i>buffle</i>), fr. L. <i>bubalus</i>, <i>bufalus</i>, a
kind of African stag or gazelle; also, the buffalo or wild ox, fr. Gr. &?;
buffalo, prob. fr. &?; ox. See <u>Cow</u> the animal, and cf. <u>Buff</u>
the color, and <u>Bubale</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A species of the genus <i>Bos</i> or <i>Bubalus</i> (<i>B.
bubalus</i>), originally from India, but now found in most of the warmer
countries of the eastern continent. It is larger and less docile than the
common ox, and is fond of marshy places and rivers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large and savage
species of the same genus (<i>B. Caffer</i>) found in South Africa; --
called also <i>Cape buffalo</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of wild
ox.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bison of North
America.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A buffalo robe. See <i>Buffalo robe</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The buffalo fish. See
<i>Buffalo fish</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Buffalo berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrub of the Upper
Missouri (<i>Sherherdia argentea</i>) with acid edible red berries.</cd> --
<col><b>Buffalo bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an African bird of
the genus <i>Buphaga</i>, of two species. These birds perch upon buffaloes
and cattle, in search of parasites.</cd> -- <col><b>Buffalo bug</b></col>,
<cd>the carpet beetle. See under <u>Carpet</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Buffalo
chips</b></col>, <cd>dry dung of the buffalo, or bison, used for fuel</cd>.
[U.S.] -- <col><b>Buffalo clover</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of
clover (<i>Trifolium reflexum</i> and <i>T.soloniferum</i>) found in the
ancient grazing grounds of the American bison.</cd> -- <col><b>Buffalo
cod</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large, edible, marine fish
(<i>Ophiodon elongatus</i>) of the northern Pacific coast; -- called also
<i>blue cod</i>, and <i>cultus cod</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Buffalo
fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several large fresh-water
fishes of the family <i>Catostomid&aelig;</i>, of the Mississippi valley.
The red-mouthed or brown (<i>Ictiobus bubalus</i>), the big-mouthed or
black (<i>Bubalichthys urus</i>), and the small-mouthed (<i>B. altus</i>),
are among the more important species used as food.</cd> -- <col><b>Buffalo
fly</b></col>, or <col><b>Buffalo gnat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
small dipterous insect of the genus <i>Simulium</i>, allied to the black
fly of the North. It is often extremely abundant in the lower part of the
Mississippi valley and does great injury to domestic animals, often killing
large numbers of cattle and horses. In Europe the Columbatz fly is a
species with similar habits.</cd> -- <col><b>Buffalo grass</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of short, sweet grass (<i>Buchlo&euml;
dactyloides</i>), from two to four inches high, covering the prairies on
which the buffaloes, or bisons, feed</cd>. [U.S.] -- <col><b>Buffalo
nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the oily and drupelike fruit of an
American shrub (<i>Pyrularia oleifera</i>); also, the shrub itself;
oilnut.</cd> -- <col><b>Buffalo robe</b></col>, <cd>the skin of the bison
of North America, prepared with the hair on; -- much used as a lap robe in
sleighs.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 189 !></p>

<p><hw>Buf"fel duck</hw> (b&ubreve;f"f&ebreve;l d&ubreve;k`). [See
<u>Buffalo</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small duck (<i>Charitonetta
albeola</i>); the spirit duck, or butterball. The head of the male is
covered with numerous elongated feathers, and thus appears large. Called
also <i>bufflehead</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buff"er</hw> (b&ubreve;f"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prop a
<i>striker</i>. See <u>Buffet</u> a blow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An elastic apparatus or fender, for
deadening the jar caused by the collision of bodies; as, a <i>buffer</i> at
the end of a railroad car.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A pad or cushion
forming the end of a fender, which receives the blow; -- sometimes called
<i>buffing apparatus</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who polishes with a buff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wheel for buffing; a buff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A good-humored, slow-witted fellow; -- usually
said of an elderly man.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buff"er*head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The head of a
buffer, which recieves the concussion, in railroad carriages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buf*fet"</hw> (b&oocr;f*f&amacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>buffet</i>, LL. <i>bufetum</i>; of uncertain origin; perh. fr. the same
source as E. <i>buffet</i> a blow, the root meaning <i>to puff</i>, hence
(cf. <i>puffed up</i>) the idea of ostentation or display.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cupboard or set of shelves, either movable or
fixed at one side of a room, for the display of plate, china, etc., a
sideboard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not when a gilt <i>buffet's</i> reflected pride<BR>
Turns you from sound philosophy aside.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A counter for refreshments; a restaurant at a
railroad station, or place of public gathering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buf"fet</hw> (b&ubreve;f"f&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>buffet</i>, <i>boffet</i>, OF. <i>buffet</i> a slap in the face, a pair
of bellows, fr. <i>buffe</i> blow, cf. F. <i>bouffer</i> to blow, puff;
prob. akin to E. <i>puff</i>. For the meaning <i>slap</i>, <i>blow</i>, cf.
F. <i>soufflet</i> a slap, <i>souffler</i> to blow. See <u>Puff</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Buffet</u> sidebroad, <u>Buffoon</u>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blow with the hand; a slap on the face; a
cuff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When on his cheek a <i>buffet</i> fell.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blow from any source, or that which affects
like a blow, as the violence of winds or waves; a stroke; an adverse
action; an affliction; a trial; adversity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those planks of tough and hardy oak that used for yeas to
brave the <i>buffets</i> of the Bay of Biscay.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Fortune's <i>buffets</i> and rewards.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small stool; a stool for a buffet or
counter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go fetch us a light <i>buffet</i>.<BR>
<i>Townely Myst.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buf"fet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Buffeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Buffeting</u>.] [OE. <i>buffeten</i>, OF. <i>buffeter</i>. See the
preceding noun.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with the hand or fist;
to box; to beat; to cuff; to slap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They spit in his face and <i>buffeted</i> him.<BR>
<i>Matt. xxvi. 67.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To affect as with blows; to strike repeatedly;
to strive with or contend against; as, to <i>buffet</i> the
billows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sudden hurricane in thunder roars,<BR>
<i>Buffets</i> the bark, and whirls it from the shores.<BR>
<i>Broome.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>You are lucky fellows who can live in a dreamland of your
own, instead of being <i>buffeted</i> about the world.<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Buffer</u>.] <def>To deaden the sound of
(bells) by muffling the clapper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buf"fet</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
exercise or play at boxing; to strike; to smite; to strive; to
contend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If I might <i>buffet</i> for my love, or bound my horse for
her favors, I could lay on like a butcher.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make one's way by blows or
struggling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strove to <i>buffet</i> to land in vain.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buf"fet*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who buffets; a
boxer.</def>  <i>Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buf"fet*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
striking with the hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A succession of blows; continued violence, as of
winds or waves; afflictions; adversity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He seems to have been a plant of slow growth, but . . .
fitted to endure the <i>buffeting</i> on the rudest storm.<BR>
<i>Wirt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buf"fin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from resembling
<i>buff</i> &?;eather.] <def>A sort of coarse stuff; as, <i>buffin</i>
gowns.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Buff"ing ap`pa*ra"tus</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Buffer</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buf"fle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., from F.
<i>buffle</i>. See <u>Buffalo</u>.] <def>The buffalo.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To puzzle; to be at a
loss.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buf"fle*head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Buffle</i> +
<i>head</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who has a large head; a heavy,
stupid fellow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What makes you stare so, <i>bufflehead</i>?<BR>
<i>Plautus (trans. 1694).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The buffel duck. See
<u>Buffel duck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buf"fle-head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a large head,
like a buffalo; dull; stupid; blundering.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So fell this <i>buffle-headed</i> giant.<BR>
<i>Gayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Buf"fo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.masc.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Buffoon</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The comic actor in an opera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buf*foon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bouffon</i> (cf.
It. <i>buffone</i>, <i>buffo</i>, <i>buffa</i>, puff of wind, vanity,
nonsense, trick), fr. <i>bouffer</i> to puff out, because the buffoons
puffed out their cheeks for the amusement of the spectators. See
<u>Buffet</u> a blow.] <def>A man who makes a practice of amusing others by
low tricks, antic gestures, etc.; a droll; a mimic; a harlequin; a clown; a
merry-andrew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buf*foon"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characteristic of,
or like, a buffoon.</def> "<i>Buffoon</i> stories."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To divert the audience with <i>buffoon</i> postures and
antic dances.<BR>
<i>Melmoth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buf*foon"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act the part of a
buffoon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Buf*foon"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat with
buffoonery.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buf*foon"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Buffooneries</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>bouffonnerie</i>.] <def>The
arts and practices of a buffoon, as low jests, ridiculous pranks, vulgar
tricks and postures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor that it will ever constitute a wit to conclude a tart
piece of <i>buffoonery</i> with a "What makes you blush?"<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buf*foon"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a buffoon;
consisting in low jests or gestures.</def>  <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buf*foon"ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practices of
a buffoon; buffoonery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buf*foon"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Low; vulgar.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Apish tricks and <i>buffoonly</i> discourse.<BR>
<i>Goodman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buff"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Resembling, or characterized by, buff.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Buffy coat</b></col>, <cd>the coagulated plasma of blood when
the red corpuscles have so settled out that the coagulum appears nearly
colorless. This is common in diseased conditions where the corpuscles run
together more rapidly and in denser masses than usual.</cd>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bu"fo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bufo</i> a toad.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Amphibia including various species of
toads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"fon*ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bufo</i> toad:
cf. F. <i>bufonite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An old name for a fossil
consisting of the petrified teeth and palatal bones of fishes belonging to
the family of Pycnodonts (thick teeth), whose remains occur in the
o&ouml;lite and chalk formations; toadstone; -- so named from a notion that
it was originally formed in the head of a toad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bug</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bugge</i>, fr. W.
<i>bwg</i>, <i>bwgan</i>, hobgoblin, scarecrow, bugbear. Cf. <u>Bogey</u>,
<u>Boggle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bugbear; anything which
terrifies.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sir, spare your threats:<BR>
The <i>bug</i> which you would fright me with I seek.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A general name applied to
various insects belonging to the Hemiptera; as, the squash <i>bug</i>; the
chinch <i>bug</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect of the genus
<i>Cimex</i>, especially the bedbug (<i>C. lectularius</i>). See
<u>Bedbug</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of various species of
Coleoptera; as, the lady<i>bug</i>; potato <i>bug</i>, etc.; loosely, any
beetle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of certain kinds of
Crustacea; as, the sow <i>bug</i>; pill <i>bug</i>; bait <i>bug</i>; salve
<i>bug</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; According to present popular usage in England, and among
housekeepers in America, <i>bug</i>, when not joined with some qualifying
word, is used specifically for <i>bedbug</i>. As a general term it is used
very loosely in America, and was formerly used still more loosely in
England. "God's rare workmanship in the ant, the poorest <i>bug</i> that
creeps." <i>Rogers</i> (<i>Naaman</i>). "This <i>bug</i> with gilded
wings." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bait bug</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bait</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bug word</b></col>, <cd>swaggering or threatening language.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bug`a*boo"</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bug"bear`</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bug</u>.] <def>Something frightful, as a
specter; anything imaginary that causes needless fright; something used to
excite needless fear; also, something really dangerous, used to frighten
children, etc.</def> "<i>Bugaboos</i> to fright ye."  <i>Lloyd.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But, to the world no <i>bugbear</i> is so great<BR>
As want of figure and a small estate.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bugaboo</i> of the liberals is the church pray.<BR>
<i>S. B. Griffin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>bugaboo</i> of the birds is the owl.<BR>
<i>J. Burroughs.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hobgoblin; goblin; specter; ogre; scarecrow.</p>

<p><hw>Bug"bane`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
perennial white-flowered herb of the order <i>Ranunculace&aelig;</i> and
genus <i>Cimiciguga</i>; bugwort. There are several species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bug"bear`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bugaboo</u>.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Causing needless
fright.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bug"bear`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To alarm with idle
phantoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bug"fish`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The menhaden.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bug"ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bougre</i>, fr. LL.
<i>Bulgarus</i>, a Bulgarian, and also a heretic; because the inhabitants
of Bulgaria were infected with heresy. Those guilty of the crime of buggery
were called <i>heretics</i>, because in the eyes of their adversaries there
was nothing more heinous than heresy, and it was therefore thought that the
origin of such a vice could only be owing to heretics.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One guilty of buggery or unnatural vice; a sodomite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wretch; -- sometimes used humorously or in
playful disparagement.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Bug"ger*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bougrerie</i>,
<i>bogrerie</i>, heresy. See <u>Bugger</u>.] <def>Unnatural sexual
intercourse; sodomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bug"gi*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Buggy</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The state of being infested with bugs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bug"gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Bug</u>.]
<def>Infested or abounding with bugs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bug"gy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Buggies</b></plw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A light one horse two-
wheeled vehicle.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Villebeck prevailed upon Flora to drive with him to the race
in a <i>buggy</i>.<BR>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A light, four-wheeled vehicle, usually with one
seat, and with or without a calash top.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Buggy cultivator</b></col>, <cd>a cultivator with a seat for the
driver.</cd> -- <col><b>Buggy plow</b></col>, <cd>a plow, or set of plows,
having a seat for the driver; -- called also <i>sulky plow</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bu"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bugle</i> buffalo,
buffalo's horn, OF. <i>bugle</i>, fr. L. <i>buculus</i> a young bullock,
steer, dim. of <i>bos</i> ox. See <u>Cow</u> the animal.] <def>A sort of
wild ox; a buffalo.</def>  <i>E. Phillips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bu"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bugle</u> a wild ox.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A horn used by hunters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A copper instrument of the horn
quality of tone, shorter and more conical that the trumpet, sometimes
keyed; formerly much used in military bands, very rarely in the orchestra;
now superseded by the cornet; -- called also the <i>Kent
bugle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>bugulus</i> a woman's
ornament: cf. G. <i>b&uuml;gel</i> a bent piece of metal or wood, fr. the
same root as G. <i>biegen</i> to bend, E. <i>bow</i> to bend.] <def>An
elongated glass bead, of various colors, though commonly black.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"gle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Bugle</u> a bead.]
<def>Jet black.</def> "<i>Bugle</i> eyeballs."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bu"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bugle</i>; cf. It.
<i>bugola</i>, L. <i>bugillo</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Ajuga</i> of the Mint family, a native of the Old World.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Yellow bugle</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Ajuga
cham&aelig;pitys</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bu"gled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ornamented with
bugles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"gle horn`</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bugle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One blast upon his <i>bugle horn</i><BR>
Were worth a thousand men.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A drinking vessel made of horn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And drinketh of his <i>bugle horn</i> the wine.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bu"gler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who plays on a
bugle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"gle*weed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the Mint family and genus <i>Lycopus</i>; esp. <i>L.
Virginicus</i>, which has mild narcotic and astringent properties, and is
sometimes used as a remedy for hemorrhage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"gloss</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Buglosses</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>buglosse</i>, L. <i>buglossa</i>,
<i>buglossus</i>, fr. Gr. &?; oxtongue &?; ox + &?; tongue.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant of the genus <i>Anchusa</i>, and especially the <i>A.
officinalis</i>, sometimes called <i>alkanet</i>; oxtongue.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Small wild bugloss</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Asperugo procumbens</i>
and the <i>Lycopsis arvensis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Viper's
bugloss</b></col>, <cd>a species of <i>Echium</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bug"wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Bugbane.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Buhl</hw> (&?;), <hw>Buhl"work</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From A. Ch. <i>Boule</i>, a French carver in wood.] <def>Decorative
woodwork in which tortoise shell, yellow metal, white metal, etc., are
inlaid, forming scrolls, cartouches, etc.</def> [Written also <i>boule</i>,
<i>boulework</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Buhl"buhl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Bulbul</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buhr"stone`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bur</i> a
whetstone for scythes.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A cellular, flinty rock, used
for mill stones.</def> [Written also <i>burrstone</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Build</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Built</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Building</u>. The regular <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Builded</u>
is antiquated.] [OE. <i>bulden</i>, <i>bilden</i>, AS. <i>byldan</i> to
build, fr. <i>bold</i> house; cf. Icel. <i>b&omacr;l</i> farm, abode, Dan.
<i>bol</i> small farm, OSw. <i>bol</i>, <i>b&ouml;le</i>, house, dwelling,
fr. root of Icel. <i>b&?;a</i> to dwell; akin to E. <i>be</i>,
<i>bower</i>, <i>boor</i>. &radic;97.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To erect or
construct, as an edifice or fabric of any kind; to form by uniting
materials into a regular structure; to fabricate; to make; to
raise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor aught availed him now<BR>
To have <i>built</i> in heaven high towers.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise or place on a foundation; to form,
establish, or produce by using appropriate means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>builds</i> his hopes in air of your good looks.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To increase and strengthen; to increase the
power and stability of; to settle, or establish, and preserve; --
frequently with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>build</i> up one's
constitution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is
able to <i>build</i> you up.<BR>
<i>Acts xx. 32.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To erect; construct; raise; found; frame.</p>

<p><hw>Build</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
exercise the art, or practice the business, of building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rest or depend, as on a foundation; to ground
one's self or one's hopes or opinions upon something deemed reliable; to
rely; as, to <i>build</i> on the opinions or advice of others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Build</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Form or mode of construction;
general figure; make; as, the <i>build</i> of a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Build"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who builds; one
whose occupation is to build, as a carpenter, a shipwright, or a
mason.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the practice of civil architecture, the <i>builder</i>
comes between the architect who designs the work and the artisans who
execute it.<BR>
<i>Eng. Cyc.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Build"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of constructing, erecting, or establishing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hence it is that the <i>building</i> of our Sion rises no
faster.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of constructing edifices, or the
practice of civil architecture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The execution of works of architecture necessarily includes
<i>building</i>; but <i>building</i> is frequently employed when the result
is not architectural.<BR>
<i>Hosking.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is built; a fabric or edifice
constructed, as a house, a church, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy sumptuous <i>buildings</i> and thy wife's attire<BR>
Have cost a mass of public treasury.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Built</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Shape; build; form of
structure; as, the <i>built</i> of a ship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Built</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed; shaped; constructed;
made; -- often used in composition and preceded by the word denoting the
form; as, frigate-<i>built</i>, clipper-<i>built</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the generality of Genoese countrywomen, strongly
<i>built</i>.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buke" mus"lin</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Book muslin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Buk"shish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Backsheesh</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bu"lau</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An East Indian insectivorous mammal (<i>Gymnura
Rafflesii</i>), somewhat like a rat in appearance, but allied to the
hedgehog.</def></p>

<p><! p. 190 !></p>

<p><hw>Bulb</hw> (b&ubreve;lb), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bulbus</i>, Gr.
<grk>bolbo`s</grk>: cf. F. <i>bulbe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A spheroidal body growing from a plant either above or below the
ground (usually below), which is strictly a <i>bud</i>, consisting of a
cluster of partially developed leaves, and producing, as it grows, a stem
above, and roots below, as in the onion, tulip, etc. It differs from a
<i>corm</i> in not being solid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A name given to some parts that
resemble in shape certain bulbous roots; as, the <i>bulb</i> of the
aorta.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bulb of the eye</b></col>, <cd>the eyeball.</cd> -- <col><b>Bulb
of a hair</b></col>, <cd>the "root," or part whence the hair
originates.</cd> -- <col><b>Bulb of the spinal cord</b></col>, <cd>the
<i>medulla oblongata</i>, often called simply <i>bulb</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bulb of a tooth</b></col>, <cd>the vascular and nervous papilla
contained in the cavity of the tooth.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An expansion or protuberance on a stem or tube,
as the bulb of a thermometer, which may be of any form, as spherical,
cylindrical, curved, etc.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bulb</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take the shape of a bulb;
to swell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul*ba"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bulbaceus</i>.
See <u>Bulb</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Bulbous.</def>
<i>Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bulb"ar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
bulb; especially, in medicine, pertaining to the bulb of the spinal cord,
or <i>medulla oblongata</i>; as, <i>bulbar</i> paralysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bulbed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a bulb; round-
headed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bulb"el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim., fr. <i>bulb</i>, n.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A separable bulb formed on some flowering
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul*bif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Bulb</i>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos>+ <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F.
<i>bulbif&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing bulbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bulb"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Bulb</i>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos>+ <i>-let</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small
bulb, either produced on a larger bulb, or on some a&euml;rial part of a
plant, as in the axils of leaves in the tiger lily, or replacing the
flowers in some kinds of onion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul*bose"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bulbous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"bo-tu`ber</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Bulb</i>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos>+ <i>tuber</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
corm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bulb"ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>bulbosus</i>: cf.
F. <i>bulbeux</i>. See <u>Bulb</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Having or
containing bulbs, or a bulb; growing from bulbs; bulblike in shape or
structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bul"bul</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Persian nightingale (<i>Pycnonotus
jocosus</i>). The name is also applied to several other Asiatic singing
birds, of the family <i>Timaliid&aelig;</i>. The green bulbuls belong to
the <i>Chloropsis</i> and allied genera.</def> [Written also
<i>buhlbuhl</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bul"bule</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bulbulus</i>, dim.
of <i>bulbus</i>. See <u>Bulb</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A small bulb;
a bulblet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"chin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>bull</i>.]
<def>A little bull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bulge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bulge</i> a swelling;
cf. AS. <i>belgan</i> to swell, OSw. <i>bulgja</i>, Icel.
<i>b&omacr;lginn</i> swollen, OHG. <i>belgan</i> to swell, G. <i>bulge</i>
leathern sack, Skr. <i>b&?;h</i> to be large, strong; the root meaning
<i>to swell</i>. Cf. <u>Bilge</u>, <u>Belly</u>, <u>Billow</u>,
<u>Bouge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The bilge or
protuberant part of a cask.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A swelling, protuberant part; a bending outward,
esp. when caused by pressure; as, a <i>bulge</i> in a wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The bilge of a vessel. See
<u>Bilge</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bulge ways</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See <u>Bilge
ways</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bulge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bulged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bulging</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swell or jut out; to bend outward, as a wall
when it yields to pressure; to be protuberant; as, the wall
<i>bulges</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bilge, as a ship; to founder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And scattered navies <i>bulge</i> on distant shores.<BR>
<i>Broome.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bul"gy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bulged; bulging;
bending, or tending to bend, outward.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Bu*lim"i*a</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bu"li*my</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>bulimia</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>boylimi`a</grk>,
lit., ox-hunger; <grk>boy^s</grk> ox + <grk>limo`s</grk> hunger: cf. F.
<i>boulimie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease in which there is a
perpetual and insatiable appetite for food; a diseased and voracious
appetite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bu*li"mus</hw> (b&usl;*l&imacr;"m&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>bulimus</i> hunger. See <u>Bulimy</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of land snails having an elongated spiral shell, often of large size.
The species are numerous and abundant in tropical America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bulk</hw> (b&ubreve;lk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bulke</i>,
<i>bolke</i>, heap; cf. Dan. <i>bulk</i> lump, clod, OSw. <i>bolk</i>
crowd, mass, Icel. <i>b&?;lkast</i> to be bulky. Cf. <u>Boll</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Bile</u> a boil, <u>Bulge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Magnitude of material
substance; dimensions; mass; size; as, an ox or ship of great
<i>bulk</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Against these forces there were prepared near one hundred
ships; not so great of <i>bulk</i> indeed, but of a more nimble motion, and
more serviceable.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The main mass or body; the largest or principal
portion; the majority; as, the <i>bulk</i> of a debt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bulk</i> of the people must labor, Burke told them,
"to obtain what by labor can be obtained."<BR>
<i>J. Morley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The cargo of a vessel when
stowed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The body.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My liver leaped within my <i>bulk</i>.<BR>
<i>Turbervile.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Barrel bulk</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Barrel</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To break bulk</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to begin to unload or
more the cargo.</cd> -- <col><b>In bulk</b></col>, <cd>in a mass; loose;
not inclosed in separate packages or divided into separate parts; in such
shape that any desired quantity may be taken or sold.</cd> -- <col><b>Laden
in bulk</b></col>, <col><b>Stowed in bulk</b></col>, <cd>having the cargo
loose in the hold or not inclosed in boxes, bales, or casks.</cd> --
<col><b>Sale by bulk</b></col>, <cd>a sale of goods as they are, without
weight or measure.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Size; magnitude; dimension; volume; bigness; largeness;
massiveness.</p>

<p><hw>Bulk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bulked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bulking</u>.] <def>To appear or seem to be, as to bulk or extent; to
swell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fame of Warburton possibly <i>bulked</i> larger for the
moment.<BR>
<i>Leslie Stephen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bulk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>b&amacr;lkr</i> a beam,
partition. Cf. <u>Balk</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<def>A projecting part of a building.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here, stand behind this <i>bulk</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bulk"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
person employed to ascertain the bulk or size of goods, in order to fix the
amount of freight or dues payable on them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bulk"head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bulk</u> part of
a building.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A partition in a
vessel, to separate apartments on the same deck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A structure of wood or stone, to resist the
pressure of earth or water; a partition wall or structure, as in a mine;
the limiting wall along a water front.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bulked line</b></col>, <cd>a line beyond which a wharf must not
project; -- usually, the harbor line.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bulk"i*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Greatness in bulk;
size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bulk"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of great bulk or
dimensions; of great size; large; thick; massive; as, <i>bulky</i>
volumes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>bulky</i> digest of the revenue laws.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bull</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bule</i>, <i>bul</i>,
<i>bole</i>; akin to D. <i>bul</i>, G. <i>bulle</i>, Icel. <i>boli</i>,
Lith. <i>bullus</i>, Lett. <i>bollis</i>, Russ. <i>vol'</i>; prob. fr. the
root of AS. <i>bellan</i>, E. <i>bellow</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male of any species of cattle
(<i>Bovid&aelig;</i>); hence, the male of any large quadruped, as the
elephant; also, the male of the whale.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>wild bull</i> of the Old Testament is thought to be the
oryx, a large species of antelope.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, resembles a bull in
character or action.</def>  <i>Ps. xxii. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Taurus, the
second of the twelve signs of the zodiac.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
constellation of the zodiac between Aries and Gemini. It contains the
Pleiades.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At last from Aries rolls the bounteous sun,<BR>
And the bright <i>Bull</i> receives him.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>One who operates in
expectation of a rise in the price of stocks, or in order to effect such a
rise. See 4th <u>Bear</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bull baiting</b></col>, <cd>the practice of baiting bulls, or
rendering them furious, as by setting dogs to attack them.</cd> --
<col><b>John Bull</b></col>, <cd>a humorous name for the English,
collectively; also, an Englishman.</cd>  "Good-looking young <i>John
Bull</i>." <i>W. D.Howells.</i> -- <col><b>To take the bull by the
horns</b></col>, <cd>to grapple with a difficulty instead of avoiding
it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bull</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a bull;
resembling a bull; male; large; fierce.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bull bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the night hawk; --
so called from the loud noise it makes while feeding on the wing, in the
evening.</cd> -- <col><b>Bull calf</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
stupid fellow.</cd> -- <col><b>Bull mackerel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the chub mackerel.</cd> -- <col><b>Bull pump</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>,
<cd>a direct single-acting pumping engine, in which the steam cylinder is
placed above the pump.</cd> -- <col><b>Bull snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the pine snake of the United States.</cd> --
<col><b>Bull stag</b></col>, <cd>a castrated bull. See <u>Stag</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bull wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel, or drum, on which a rope is
wound for lifting heavy articles, as logs, the tools in well boring,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bull</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be in heat; to manifest
sexual desire as cows do.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Bull</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>To
endeavor to raise the market price of; as, to <i>bull</i> railroad bonds;
to <i>bull</i> stocks; to <i>bull</i> Lake Shore; to endeavor to raise
prices in; as, to <i>bull</i> the market. See 1st <u>Bull</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bulle</i>, fr. L.
<i>bulla</i> bubble, stud, knob, LL., a seal or stamp: cf. F. <i>bulle</i>.
Cf. <u>Bull</u> a writing, <u>Bowl</u> a ball, <u>Boil</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A seal. See <u>Bulla</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A letter, edict, or respect, of the pope,
written in Gothic characters on rough parchment, sealed with a bulla, and
dated "a die Incarnationis," <i>i. e.</i>, "from the day of the
Incarnation."  See <i>Apostolical brief</i>, under <u>Brief</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fresh <i>bull</i> of Leo's had declared how inflexible the
court of Rome was in the point of abuses.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A grotesque blunder in language; an apparent
congruity, but real incongruity, of ideas, contained in a form of
expression; so called, perhaps, from the apparent incongruity between the
dictatorial nature of the pope's <i>bulls</i> and his professions of
humility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And whereas the papist boasts himself to be a Roman
Catholic, it is a mere contradiction, one of the pope's <i>bulls</i>, as if
he should say universal particular; a Catholic schimatic.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>The Golden Bull</b></col>, <cd>an edict or imperial constitution
made by the emperor Charles IV. (1356), containing what became the
fundamental law of the German empire; -- so called from its golden
seal.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Blunder</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Bul"la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bull&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>bulla</i> bubble. See
<u>Bull</u> an edict.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A bleb; a
vesicle, or an elevation of the cuticle, containing a transparent watery
fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The ovoid prominence below the
opening of the ear in the skulls of many animals; as, the tympanic or
auditory <i>bulla</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A leaden seal for a document; esp. the round
leaden seal attached to the papal bulls, which has on one side a
representation of St. Peter and St. Paul, and on the other the name of the
pope who uses it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine shells.
See <u>Bubble shell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"lace</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bolas</i>,
<i>bolace</i>, OF. <i>beloce</i>; of Celtic origin; cf. Arm. <i>bolos</i>,
<i>polos</i>, Gael. <i>bulaistear</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A small European plum (<i>Prunus communis</i>, var. <i>insitita</i>).
See <u>Plum</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bully tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul*lan"tic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Bull</u> an
edict.] <def>Pertaining to, or used in, papal bulls.</def>  <i>Fry.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bullantic letters</b></col>, <cd>Gothic letters used in papal
bulls.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bul"la*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>bullarium</i>:
cf. F. <i>bullairie</i>. See <u>Bull</u> an edict.] <def>A collection of
papal bulls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"la*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bullaries</b></plw> (-r&ibreve;z). [Cf. <u>Boilary</u>.] <def>A
place for boiling or preparing salt; a boilery.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And certain salt fats or <i>bullaries</i>.<BR>
<i>Bills in Chancery.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bul"late</hw> (b&ubreve;l"l&asl;t/), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>bullatus</i>, fr. <i>bulla</i> bubble.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Appearing as
if blistered; inflated; puckered.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bullate leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leaf, the membranous
part of which rises between the veins puckered elevations convex on one
side and concave on the other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bull"beg`gar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something used or
suggested to produce terror, as in children or persons of weak mind; a
bugbear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And being an ill-looked fellow, he has a pension from the
church wardens for being <i>bullbeggar</i> to all the forward children in
the parish.<BR>
<i>Mountfort (1691).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bull" bri`er</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of Smilax
(<i>S. Pseudo-China</i>) growing from New Jersey to the Gulf of Mexico,
which has very large tuberous and farinaceous rootstocks, formerly used by
the Indians for a sort of bread, and by the negroes as an ingredient in
making beer; -- called also <i>bamboo brier</i> and <i>China
brier</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bull"comb*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A scaraboid beetle; esp. the <i>Typh&aelig;us vulgaris</i> of
Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bull"dog`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of dog, of remarkable ferocity, courage,
and tenacity of grip; -- so named, probably, from being formerly employed
in baiting bulls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A refractory material used as a
furnace lining, obtained by calcining the cinder or slag from the puddling
furnace of a rolling mill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bull"dog`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characteristic of, or
like, a bulldog; stubborn; as, <i>bulldog</i> courage; <i>bulldog</i>
tenacity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bulldog bat</b></col> <i>(Zo'94l.)</i>, <cd>a bat of the genus
<i>Nyctinomus</i>; -- so called from the shape of its face.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bull"doze`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bulldozed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bulldozing</u>.] <def>To intimidate; to restrain or coerce by
intimidation or violence; -- used originally of the intimidation of negro
voters, in Louisiana.</def> [Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bull"do`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
bulldozes.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Bulled</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Boln</u>.]
<def>Swollen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bul"len-bul"len</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native
Australian name, from its cry.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lyre
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"len-nail`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bull</i> large,
having a large head + <i>nail</i>.] <def>A nail with a round head and short
shank, tinned and lacquered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"let</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>boulet</i>, dim. of
<i>boule</i> ball. See <u>Bull</u> an edict, and cf. <u>Boulet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A missile, usually of lead, and round or
elongated in form, to be discharged from a rifle, musket, pistol, or other
small firearm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cannon ball.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A ship before Greenwich . . . shot off her ordnance, one
piece being charged with a <i>bullet</i> of stone.<BR>
<i>Stow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The fetlock of a horse.</def> [See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Horse</u>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bul"let-proof`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
resisting the force of a bullet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bullet tree</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bully tree</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bullet wood</b></col>, <cd>the wood of the bullet tree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bul"le*tin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bulletin</i>, fr.
It. <i>bullettino</i>, dim. of <i>bulletta</i>, dim. of <i>bulla</i>,
<i>bolla</i>, an edict of the pope, from L. <i>bulla</i> bubble. See
<u>Bull</u> an edict.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A brief statement of facts
respecting some passing event, as military operations or the health of some
distinguished personage, issued by authority for the information of the
public.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any public notice or announcement, especially of
news recently received.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A periodical publication, especially one
containing the proceeding of a society.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bulletin board</b></col>, <cd>a board on which announcements are
put, particularly at newsrooms, newspaper offices, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bull"faced`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a large
face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bull"feast`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bullfight</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Bull"fight`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bull"fight`ing</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A barbarous sport, of great antiquity, in which
men torment, and fight with, a bull or bulls in an arena, for public
amusement, -- still popular in Spain.</def> -- <wf>Bull"fight`er</wf>
(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bull"finch`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bird of the genus <i>Pyrrhula</i> and other related genera,
especially the <i>P. vulgaris or rubicilla</i>, a bird of Europe allied to
the grosbeak, having the breast, cheeks, and neck, red.</def></p>

<p>&fist; As a cage bird it is highly valued for its remarkable power of
learning to whistle correctly various musical airs.</p>

<p><col><b>Crimson-fronted bullfinch</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Burion</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine bullfinch</b></col>, <cd>the pine
finch.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bull"fist</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bull"fice</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>bofist</i>, AS. <i>wulfes fist</i>
puffball, E. <i>fizz</i>, <i>foist</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of
fungus. See <u>Puffball</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bull" fly`</hw> or <hw>Bull"fly`</hw>  } (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large fly troublesome to
cattle, as the gadflies and breeze flies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bull"frog`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A very large species of frog (<i>Rana Catesbiana</i>), found in North
America; -- so named from its loud bellowing in spring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bull"head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fresh-water fish of many
species, of the genus <i>Uranidea</i>, esp. <i>U. gobio</i> of Europe, and
<i>U. Richardsoni</i> of the United States; -- called also <i>miller's
thumb</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In America, several species of
<i>Amiurus</i>; -- called also <i>catfish</i>, <i>horned pout</i>, and
<i>bullpout</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A marine fish of the genus
<i>Cottus</i>; the sculpin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
black-bellied plover (<i>Squatarola helvetica</i>); -- called also
<i>beetlehead</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The golden
plover.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stupid fellow; a lubber.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small black water
insect.</def>  <i>E. Phillips.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bullhead whiting</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the kingfish
of Florida (<i>Menticirrus alburnus</i>).</cd></p>

<p><! p. 191 !></p>

<p><hw>Bull"head`ed</hw> (b&usdot;l"h&ebreve;d`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a head like that of a bull. Fig.:
Headstrong; obstinate; dogged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"lion</hw> (b&usdot;l"y&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>bullyon</i> a hook used for fastening the dress, a button, stud, an
embossed ornament of various kinds, <i>e. g.</i>, on the cover of a book,
on bridles or poitrels, for purses, for breeches and doublets, LL.
<i>bullio</i> the swelling of boiling water, a mass of gold or silver, fr.
L. <i>bulla</i> boss, stud, bubble (see <u>Bull</u> an edict), or perh.
corrupted fr. F. <i>billon</i> base coin, LL. <i>billio</i> bullion. Cf.
<u>Billon</u>, <u>Billet</u> a stick.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Uncoined
gold or silver in the mass.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Properly, the precious metals are called <i>bullion</i>, when
smelted and not perfectly refined, or when refined, but in bars, ingots or
in any form uncoined, as in plate. The word is often often used to denote
gold and silver, both coined and uncoined, when reckoned by weight and in
mass, including especially foreign, or uncurrent, coin.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Base or uncurrent coin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And those which eld's strict doom did disallow,<BR>
And damm for <i>bullion</i>, go for current now.<BR>
<i>Sylvester.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Showy metallic ornament, as of gold, silver, or
copper, on bridles, saddles, etc.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The clasps and <i>bullions</i> were worth a thousand
pound.<BR>
<i>Skelton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Heavy twisted fringe, made of fine gold or
silver wire and used for epaulets; also, any heavy twisted fringe whose
cords are prominent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"lion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate for a
metallic currency, or a paper currency always convertible into
gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"li*rag</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<i>bully</i>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos>& v., and <i>rag</i> to scold, rail. Cf.
<u>Ballarag</u>.] <def>To intimidate by bullying; to rally contemptuously;
to badger.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Bull"ish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of the
nature of a bull, or a blunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me inform you, a toothless satire is as improper as a
toothed sleek stone, and as <i>bullish</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bull"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bulliste</i>. See
<u>Bull</u> an edict.] <def>A writer or drawer up of papal bulls.</def>
[R.]  <i>Harmar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bul*li"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>bullire</i>,
<i>bullitum</i>, to boil. See <u>Boil</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>The action of boiling; boiling. [Obs.] See <u>Ebullition</u>.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bull"-necked`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a short
and thick neck like that of a bull.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bul"lock</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bulluc</i> a young
bull. See <u>Bull</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A young bull, or any male
of the ox kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take thy father's young <i>bullock</i>, even the second
<i>bullock</i> of seven years old.<BR>
<i>Judges vi. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ox, steer, or stag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"lock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bully.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She shan't think to <i>bullock</i> and domineer over me.<BR>
<i>Foote.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bul"lock's-eye`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Bull's-
eye</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bul"lon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A West Indian fish (<i>Scarus Croicensis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bull"pout`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Bullhead</u>, 1 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bull's"-eye`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small circular or oval wooden block without sheaves,
having a groove around it and a hole through it, used for connecting
rigging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small round cloud, with a ruddy center,
supposed by sailors to portend a storm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small thick disk of glass inserted in a deck,
roof, floor, ship's side, etc., to let in light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A circular or oval opening for air or
light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A lantern, with a thick glass lens on one side
for concentrating the light on any object; also, the lens itself.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Aldebaran, a bright star in the
eye of <i>Taurus</i> or the Bull.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Archery &amp; Gun.)</i> <def>The center of a
target.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A thick knob or protuberance left on glass by
the end of the pipe through which it was blown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A small and thick old-fashioned watch.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Bull's"-nose`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>An external angle when obtuse or rounded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bull" ter"ri*er</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A breed of dogs
obtained by crossing the bulldog and the terrier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bull" trout`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>In England, a large salmon trout of several species, as <i>Salmo
trutta</i> and <i>S. Cambricus</i>, which ascend rivers; -- called also
<i>sea trout</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def><i>Salvelinus malma</i> of
California and Oregon; -- called also <i>Dolly Varden trout</i> and <i>red-
spotted trout</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The huso or salmon of the
Danube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bull"weed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bole</i> a stem +
<i>weed</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Knapweed.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bull"wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Bishop's-weed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bullies</b></plw> (&?;). [Cf. LG. <i>bullerjaan</i>,
<i>bullerb&auml;k</i>, <i>bullerbrook</i>, a blusterer, D. <i>bulderaar</i>
a bluster, <i>bulderen</i> to bluster; prob. of imitative origin; or cf.
MHG. <i>buole</i> lover, G. <i>buhle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A noisy,
blustering fellow, more insolent than courageous; one who is threatening
and quarrelsome; an insolent, tyrannical fellow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bullies</i> seldom execute the threats they deal in.<BR>
<i>Palmerston.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brisk, dashing fellow.</def> [Slang Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bul"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Jovial and blustering; dashing.</def> [Slang] "Bless thee,
<i>bully</i> doctor."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fine; excellent; as, a <i>bully</i> horse.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bul"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bullied</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bullying</u>.]
<def>To intimidate with threats and by an overbearing, swaggering demeanor;
to act the part of a bully toward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the last fortnight there have been prodigious shoals of
volunteers gone over to <i>bully</i> the French, upon hearing the peace was
just signing.<BR>
<i>Tatler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To bluster; swagger; hector; domineer.</p>

<p><hw>Bul"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act as a
bully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"ly*rag</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bullirag</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"ly*rock`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bully.</def>
[Slang Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bul"ly tree`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name of several West
Indian trees of the order <i>Sapotace&aelig;</i>, as <i>Dipholis nigra</i>
and species of <i>Sapota</i> and <i>Mimusops</i>. Most of them yield a
substance closely resembling gutta-percha.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"rush`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bulrysche</i>,
<i>bolroysche</i>; of uncertain origin, perh. fr. <i>bole</i> stem +
<i>rush</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of large rush, growing in wet land
or in water.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name <i>bulrush</i> is applied in England especially to the
cat-tail (<i>Typha latifolia</i> and <i>T. angustifolia</i>) and to the
lake club-rush (<i>Scirpus lacustris</i>); in America, to the <i>Juncus
effusus</i>, and also to species of <i>Scirpus</i> or club-rush.</p>

<p><hw>||Bulse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A purse or bag in
which to carry or measure diamonds, etc.</def> [India]
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bul"tel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>bultellus</i>. See
<u>Bolt</u> to sift.] <def>A bolter or bolting cloth; also, bran.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bul"ti</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Bolty</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"tow`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trawl; a boulter;
the mode of fishing with a boulter or spiller.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"wark</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D.
<i>bolwerk</i>, G. <i>bollwerk</i>, Sw. <i>bolwerk</i>, Dan.
<i>bolv&auml;rk</i>, <i>bulv&auml;rk</i>, rampart; akin to G. <i>bohle</i>
plank, and <i>werk</i> work, defense. See <u>Bole</u> stem, and
<u>Work</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Boulevard</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A rampart; a fortification; a
bastion or outwork.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which secures against an enemy, or defends
from attack; any means of defense or protection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The royal navy of England hath ever been its greatest
defense, . . . the floating <i>bulwark</i> of our island.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The sides of a ship
above the upper deck.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Rampart</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Bul"wark</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bulwarked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>vb</i></pos>.<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <u>Bulwarking</u>.] <def>To
fortify with, or as with, a rampart or wall; to secure by fortification; to
protect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of some proud city, <i>bulwarked</i> round and armed<BR>
With rising towers.<BR>
<i>Glover.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr. <i>bottom</i> in
this sense.] <def>The buttock.</def> [Low]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bum</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bummed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>vb</i></pos>.<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <u>Bumming</u> (&?;).] [See
<u>Boom</u>, <pos><i>v. i.,</i></pos> to roar.] <def>To make murmuring or
humming sound.</def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A humming noise.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bum"bail"iff</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>bound bailiff</i>.] [Low, Eng.] <def>See <i>Bound bailiff</i>, under
<u>Bound</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bum"bard</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Bombard</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bum"barge`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bumboat</u>.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bum"bast</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Bombast</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bum"be*lo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bumbeloes</b></plw> (&?;). [It. <i>bombola</i>.] <def>A glass used
in subliming camphor.</def> [Spelled also <i>bombolo</i> and
<i>bumbolo</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bum"ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bump</u> to boom.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bittern.</def> [Local, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a hollow or
humming noise, like that of a bumblebee; to cry as a bittern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a bittern <i>bumbleth</i> in the mire.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bum"ble*bee`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bumblen</i> to
make a humming noise (dim. of <i>bum</i>, v. i.) + <i>bee</i>. Cf.
<u>Humblebee</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large bee of the genus
<i>Bombus</i>, sometimes called <i>humblebee</i>; -- so named from its
sound.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are many species. All gather honey, and store it in the
empty cocoons after the young have come out.</p>

<p><hw>Bum"boat`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>bum</i> the
buttocks, on account of its clumsy form; or fr. D. <i>bun</i> a box for
holding fish in a boat.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A clumsy boat, used for
conveying provisions, fruit, etc., for sale, to vessels lying in port or
off shore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bum"kin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Boom</i> a beam + <i>-
kin</i>. See <u>Bumpkin</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A projecting beam or
boom; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> One projecting from each bow of a vessel, to
haul the fore tack to, called a <i>tack bumpkin</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
One from each quarter, for the main-brace blocks, and called <i>brace
bumpkin</i>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A small outrigger over the stern of a
boat, to extend the mizzen.</def> [Written also <i>boomkin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bum"ma*lo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small marine Asiatic fish (<i>Saurus
ophidon</i>) used in India as a relish; -- called also <i>Bombay
duck</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bum"mer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An idle, worthless
fellow, who is without any visible means of support; a dissipated
sponger.</def> [Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bum"me*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bottomery</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There was a scivener of Wapping brought to hearing for
relief against a <i>bummery</i> bond.<BR>
<i>R. North.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bump</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bumped</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bumping</u>.] [Cf. W. <i>pwmp</i> round mass, <i>pwmpiaw</i> to thump,
bang, and E. <i>bum</i>, v. i., <i>boom</i> to roar.] <def>To strike, as
with or against anything large or solid; to thump; as, to <i>bump</i> the
head against a wall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come in violent contact
with something; to thump.</def> "<i>Bumping</i> and jumping."
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bump</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Bump</u> to strike,
to thump.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thump; a heavy blow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A swelling or prominence, resulting from a bump
or blow; a protuberance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It had upon its brow<BR>
A <i>bump</i> as big as a young cockerel's stone.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>One of the protuberances on the
cranium which are associated with distinct faculties or affections of the
mind; as, the <i>bump</i> of "veneration;"  the <i>bump</i> of
"acquisitiveness."</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of striking the stern of the boat in
advance with the prow of the boat following.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Boom</u> to roar.]
<def>To make a loud, heavy, or hollow noise, as the bittern; to
boom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a bittern <i>bumps</i> within a reed.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bump</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The noise made by the
bittern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bum"per</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>bumbard</i>, <i>bombard</i>, a large drinking vessel.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cup or glass filled to the brim, or till the
liquor runs over, particularly in drinking a health or toast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He frothed his <i>bumpers</i> to the brim.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A covered house at a theater, etc., in honor of
some favorite performer.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Bump"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which bumps or causes a bump.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which resists or deadens a bump or
shock; a buffer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bump"kin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same word as
<i>bumkin</i>, which Cotgrave defines thus: "<i>Bumkin</i>, Fr.
chicambault, the luffe-block, a long and thick piece of wood, whereunto the
fore-sayle and sprit-sayle are fastened, when a ship goes by the winde."
Hence, a clumsy man may easily have been compared to such a block of wood;
cf. OD. <i>boomken</i> a little tree. See <u>Boom</u> a pole.] <def>An
awkward, heavy country fellow; a clown; a country lout.</def> "Bashful
country <i>bumpkins</i>."  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bump"tious</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Self-conceited;
forward; pushing.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bump"tious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Conceitedness.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Bun</hw>, <hw>Bunn</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.
<i>bun</i>, <i>bunn</i>, OE. <i>bunne</i>, <i>bonne</i>; fr. Celtic; cf.
Ir. <i>bunna</i>, Gael. <i>bonnach</i>, or OF. <i>bugne</i> tumor, Prov. F.
<i>bugne</i> a kind of pancake; akin to OHG. <i>bungo</i> bulb, MHG.
<i>bunge</i>, Prov. E. <i>bung</i> heap, cluster, <i>bunny</i> a small
swelling.] <def>A slightly sweetened raised cake or bisquit with a glazing
of sugar and milk on the top crust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bunch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to OSw. &amp; Dan.
<i>bunke</i> heap, Icel. <i>bunki</i> heap, pile, <i>bunga</i> tumor,
protuberance; cf. W. <i>pwng</i> cluster. Cf. <u>Bunk</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A protuberance; a hunch; a knob or lump; a
hump.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They will carry . . . their treasures upon the
<i>bunches</i> of camels.<BR>
<i>Isa. xxx. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection, cluster, or tuft, properly of
things of the same kind, growing or fastened together; as, a <i>bunch</i>
of grapes; a <i>bunch</i> of keys.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A small isolated mass of ore, as
distinguished from a continuous vein.</def>  <i>Page.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bunch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bunched</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bunching</u>.]
<def>To swell out into a bunch or protuberance; to be protuberant or
round.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bunching</i> out into a large round knob at one end.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bunch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form into a bunch or
bunches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bunch"-backed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a bunch
on the back; crooked.</def> "<i>Bunch-backed</i> toad."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bunch"ber`ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
dwarf cornel (<i>Cornus Canadensis</i>), which bears a dense cluster of
bright red, edible berries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bunch" grass`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A grass growing in
bunches and affording pasture. In California, <i>Atropis tenuifolia</i>,
<i>Festuca scabrella</i>, and several kinds of <i>Stipa</i> are favorite
bunch grasses. In Utah, <i>Eriocoma cuspidata</i> is a good bunch
grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bunch"i*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being bunchy; knobbiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bunch"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Swelling out in bunches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An unshapen, <i>bunchy</i> spear, with bark unpiled.<BR>
<i>Phaer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Growing in bunches, or resembling a bunch;
having tufts; as, the bird's <i>bunchy</i> tail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Yielding irregularly; sometimes
rich, sometimes poor; as, a <i>bunchy</i> mine.</def>  <i>Page.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bun"combe</hw>, <hw>Bun"kum</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Buncombe</i> a county of North Carolina.] <def>Speech-making for the
gratification of constituents, or to gain public applause; flattering talk
for a selfish purpose; anything said for mere show.</def> [Cant or Slang,
U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All that flourish about right of search was <i>bunkum</i> --
all that brag about hanging your Canada sheriff was <i>bunkum</i> . . .
slavery speeches are all <i>bunkum</i>.<BR>
<i>Haliburton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To speak for Buncombe</b></col>, <cd>to speak for mere show, or
popularly.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; "The phrase originated near the close of the debate on the famous
&lsquo;Missouri Question,' in the 16th Congress. It was then used by Felix
Walker -- a <i>na&iuml;ve</i> old mountaineer, who resided at Waynesville,
in Haywood, the most western country of North Carolina, near the border of
the adjacent county of <i>Buncombe</i>, which formed part of his district.
The old man rose to speak, while the house was impatiently calling for the
&lsquo;<i>Question</i>,' and several members gathered round him, begging
him to desist. He preserved, however, for a while, declaring that the
people of his district expected it, and that he was bound to &lsquo;make a
speech for <i>Buncombe</i>.'"  <i>W. Darlington.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bund</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>League;
confederacy; esp. the confederation of German states.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bund</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hindi <i>band</i>.] <def>An
embankment against inundation.</def> [India]  <i>S. Wells Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bun"der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pers. <i>bandar</i> a
landing place, pier.] <def>A boat or raft used in the East Indies in the
landing of passengers and goods.</def></p>

<p><! p. 192 !></p>

<p><hw>||Bun"des*rath`</hw> (b&oocr;n"d&ebreve;s*r&auml;t`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., from <i>bund</i> (akin to E. <i>bond</i>)
confederacy + <i>rath</i> council, prob. akin to E. <i>read</i>.] <def>The
federal council of the German Empire. In the Bundesrath and the Reichstag
are vested the legislative functions. The federal council of Switzerland is
also so called.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Bundesrath</i> of the German empire is presided over by a
chancellor, and is composed of sixty-two members, who represent the
different states of the empire, being appointed for each session by their
respective governments.</p>

<p><blockquote>By this united congress, the highest tribunal of
Switzerland, -- the <i>Bundesrath</i> -- is chosen, and the head of this is
a president.<BR>
<i>J. P. Peters (Trans. M&uuml;ller's Pol. Hist.).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bun"dle</hw> (b&ubreve;n"d'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>bundel</i>, AS. <i>byndel</i>; akin to D. <i>bondel</i>, <i>bundel</i>,
G. <i>b&uuml;ndel</i>, dim. of <i>bund</i> bundle, fr. the root of E.
<i>bind</i>. See <u>Bind</u>.] <def>A number of things bound together, as
by a cord or envelope, into a mass or package convenient for handling or
conveyance; a loose package; a roll; as, a <i>bundle</i> of straw or of
paper; a <i>bundle</i> of old clothes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fable of the rods, which, when united in a
<i>bundle</i>, no strength could bend.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bundle pillar</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a column or pier,
with others of small dimensions attached to it.</cd>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bun"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bundled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bundling</u> (&?;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tie or bind in a bundle
or roll.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send off abruptly or without
ceremony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They unmercifully <i>bundled</i> me and my gallant second
into our own hackney coach.<BR>
<i>T. Hook.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To bundle off</b></col>, <cd>to send off in a hurry, or without
ceremony.</cd> -- <col><b>To bundle one's self up</b></col>, <cd>to wrap
one's self up warmly or cumbrously.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bun"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
prepare for departure; to set off in a hurry or without ceremony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sleep on the same bed without undressing; --
applied to the custom of a man and woman, especially lovers, thus
sleeping.</def>  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Van Corlear stopped occasionally in the villages to eat
pumpkin pies, dance at country frolics, and <i>bundle</i> with the Yankee
lasses.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bung</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>bwng</i> orfice,
bunghole, Ir. <i>buinne</i> tap, spout, OGael. <i>buine</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The large stopper of the orifice in the bilge of a
cask.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The orifice in the bilge of a cask through
which it is filled; bunghole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A sharper or pickpocket.</def> [Obs. &amp; Low]</p>

<p><blockquote>You filthy <i>bung</i>, away.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bung</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bunged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bunging</u>
(&?;).] <def>To stop, as the orifice in the bilge of a cask, with a bung;
to close; -- with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To bung up</b></col>, <cd>to use up, as by bruising or over
exertion; to exhaust or incapacitate for action.</cd> [Low]</p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>bunged up</i> his mouth that he should not have
spoken these three years.<BR>
<i>Shelton (Trans. Don Quixote).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bun"ga*low</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Bengalee
<i>b&amacr;ngl&amacr;</i>] <def>A thatched or tiled house or cottage, of a
single story, usually surrounded by a veranda.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>||Bun"ga*rum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Bungar</i>, the
native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A venomous snake of India, of the
genus <i>Bungarus</i>, allied to the cobras, but without a hood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bung"hole`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Bung</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bun"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bungled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bungling</u> (&?;).] [Prob. a diminutive from, akin to <i>bang</i>; cf.
Prov. G. <i>bungen</i> to beat, bang, OSw. <i>bunga</i>. See <u>Bang</u>.]
<def>To act or work in a clumsy, awkward manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bun"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make or mend clumsily;
to manage awkwardly; to botch; -- sometimes with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I always had an idea that it would be <i>bungled</i>.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bun"gle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A clumsy or awkward
performance; a botch; a gross blunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those errors and <i>bungles</i> which are committed.<BR>
<i>Cudworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bun"gler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A clumsy, awkward
workman; one who bungles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If to be a dunce or a <i>bungler</i> in any profession be
shameful, how much more ignominious and infamous to a scholar to be
such!<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bun"gling</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unskillful; awkward;
clumsy; as, a <i>bungling</i> workman.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They make but <i>bungling</i> work.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bun"gling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Clumsily;
awkwardly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bun"go</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A kind
of canoe used in Central and South America; also, a kind of boat used in
the Southern United States.</def>  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bun"ion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Bunyon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bunk</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OSw. <i>bunke</i> heap,
also boaring, flooring. Cf. <u>Bunch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wooden
case or box, which serves for a seat in the daytime and for a bed at
night.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a series of berths or bed places in
tiers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of wood placed on a lumberman's sled to
sustain the end of heavy timbers.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bunk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bunked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bunking</u>.]
<def>To go to bed in a bunk; -- sometimes with <i>in</i>.</def> [Colloq.
U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bun"ker</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>bunker</i>,
<i>bunkart</i>, a bench, or low chest, serving for a seat. Cf. <u>Bunk</u>,
<u>Bank</u>, <u>Bench</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of chest or box, as in a window, the lid
of which serves for a seat.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large bin or similar receptacle; as, a coal
<i>bunker</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bun"ko</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sf. Sp. <i>banco</i> bank,
<i>banca</i> a sort of game at cards. Cf. <u>Bank</u> (in the commercial
sense).] <def>A kind of swindling game or scheme, by means of cards or by a
sham lottery.</def> [Written also <i>bunco</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bunko steerer</b></col>, <cd>a person employed as a decoy in
bunko.</cd> [Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bun"kum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Buncombe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bunn</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Bun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bun"nian</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bunyon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bun"ny</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A great
collection of ore without any vein coming into it or going out from
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bun"ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pet name for a rabbit or a
squirrel.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Bu`no*don"ta</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bu"no*donts</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. <i>bunodonta</i>, fr. Gr. &?; hill, heap +
&?;, &?;, a tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of the herbivorous
mammals including the hogs and hippopotami; -- so called because the teeth
are tuberculated.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bun"sen's bat"ter*y</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bun"sen's burn`er</hw>  }
(&?;). <def>See under <u>Battery</u>, and <u>Burner</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bunt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fungus
(<i>Ustilago f&oelig;tida</i>) which affects the ear of cereals, filling
the grains with a fetid dust; -- also called <i>pepperbrand</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>bunt</i> bundle, Dan.
<i>bundt</i>, G. <i>bund</i>, E. <i>bundle</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
middle part, cavity, or belly of a sail; the part of a furled sail which is
at the center of the yard.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bunt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To swell out;
as, the sail <i>bunts</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bunt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To strike or push with
the horns or head; to butt; as, the ram <i>bunted</i> the boy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bun"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who picks up
rags in the streets; hence, a low, vulgar woman.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her . . . daughters, like <i>bunters</i> in stuff gowns.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bun"ting</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>buntlin</i>,
<i>corn-buntlin</i>, OE. <i>bunting</i>, <i>buntyle</i>; of unknown
origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird of the genus <i>Emberiza</i>, or
of an allied genus, related to the finches and sparrows (family
<i>Fringillid&aelig;</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among European species are the common or corn bunting
(<i>Emberiza miliaria</i>); the ortolan (<i>E. hortulana</i>); the cirl
(<i>E. cirlus</i>); and the black-headed (<i>Granitivora
melanocephala</i>). American species are the bay-winged or grass
(<i>Po&ouml;c&aelig;tes or Po&oelig;cetes gramineus</i>); the black-
throated (<i>Spiza Americana</i>); the towhee bunting or chewink
(<i>Pipilo</i>); the snow bunting (<i>Plectrophanax nivalis</i>); the rice
bunting or bobolink, and others. See <u>Ortolan</u>, <u>Chewick</u>,
<u>Snow bunting</u>, <u>Lark bunting</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Bun"ting</hw>, <hw>Bun"tine</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Prov. E. <i>bunting</i> sifting flour, OE. <i>bonten</i> to sift, hence
prob. the material used for that purpose.] <def>A thin woolen stuff, used
chiefly for flags, colors, and ships' signals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bunt"line</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>bunt</i> +
<i>line</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of the ropes toggled to the footrope
of a sail, used to haul up to the yard the body of the sail when taking it
in.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bun"yon</hw>, <hw>Bun"ion</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
Prov. E. <i>bunny</i> a small swelling, fr. OF. <i>bugne</i>, It.
<i>bugna</i>, <i>bugnone</i>. See <u>Bun</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
enlargement and inflammation of a small membranous sac (one of the
<i>burs&aelig; muscos&aelig;</i>), usually occurring on the first joint of
the great toe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buoy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>boei</i> buoy, fetter,
fr. OF. <i>boie</i>, <i>buie</i>, chain, fetter, F. <i>bou&eacute;e</i> a
buoy, from L. <i>boia</i>. "<i>Boiae</i> genus vinculorum tam ferreae quam
ligneae." <i>Festus</i>. So called because chained to its place.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A float; esp. a floating object moored to the bottom,
to mark a channel or to point out the position of something beneath the
water, as an anchor, shoal, rock, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Anchor buoy</b></col>, <cd>a buoy attached to, or marking the
position of, an anchor.</cd> -- <col><b>Bell buoy</b></col>, <cd>a large
buoy on which a bell is mounted, to be rung by the motion of the
waves.</cd> -- <col><b>Breeches buoy</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Breeches</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cable buoy</b></col>, <cd>an empty cask
employed to buoy up the cable in rocky anchorage.</cd> -- <col><b>Can
buoy</b></col>, <cd>a hollow buoy made of sheet or boiler iron, usually
conical or pear-shaped.</cd> -- <col><b>Life buoy</b></col>, <cd>a float
intended to support persons who have fallen into the water, until a boat
can be dispatched to save them.</cd> -- <col><b>Nut</b></col> or
<col><b>Nun buoy</b></col>, <cd>a buoy large in the middle, and tapering
nearly to a point at each end.</cd> -- <col><b>To stream the
buoy</b></col>, <cd>to let the anchor buoy fall by the ship's side into the
water, before letting go the anchor.</cd> -- <col><b>Whistling
buoy</b></col>, <cd>a buoy fitted with a whistle that is blown by the
action of the waves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Buoy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Buoyed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Buoying</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep from sinking in a fluid, as in water or
air; to keep afloat; -- with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To support or sustain; to preserve from sinking
into ruin or despondency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those old prejudices, which <i>buoy</i> up the ponderous
mass of his nobility, wealth, and title.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fix buoys to; to mark by a buoy or by buoys;
as, to <i>buoy</i> an anchor; to <i>buoy</i> or <i>buoy off</i> a
channel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not one rock near the surface was discovered which was not
<i>buoyed</i> by this floating weed.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buoy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To float; to rise like a
buoy.</def> "Rising merit will <i>buoy</i> up at last."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buoy"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Buoys, taken
collectively; a series of buoys, as for the guidance of vessels into or out
of port; the providing of buoys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buoy"ance</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Buoyancy.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Buoy"an*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Buoyancies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The property of
floating on the surface of a liquid, or in a fluid, as in the atmosphere;
specific lightness, which is inversely as the weight compared with that of
an equal volume of water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The upward pressure exerted
upon a floating body by a fluid, which is equal to the weight of the body;
hence, also, the weight of a floating body, as measured by the volume of
fluid displaced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such are <i>buoyancies</i> or displacements of the different
classes of her majesty's ships.<BR>
<i>Eng. Cyc.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cheerfulness; vivacity; liveliness;
sprightliness; -- the opposite of <i>heaviness</i>; as, <i>buoyancy</i> of
spirits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buoy"ant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Buoy</u>,
<pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality of
rising or floating in a fluid; tending to rise or float; as, iron is
<i>buoyant</i> in mercury.</def> "<i>Buoyant</i> on the flood."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bearing up, as a fluid; sustaining another body
by being specifically heavier.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The water under me was <i>buoyant</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Light-hearted; vivacious; cheerful; as, a
<i>buoyant</i> disposition; <i>buoyant</i> spirits.</def> --
<wf>Buoy"ant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bu*pres"ti*dan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>buprestis</i>, Gr. &?;, a poisonous beetle, which, being eaten by cattle
in the grass, caused them to swell up and and die; &?; ox, cow + &?; to
blow up, swell out.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a tribe of beetles, of
the genus <i>Buprestis</i> and allied genera, usually with brilliant
metallic colors. The larv&aelig; are usually borers in timber, or beneath
bark, and are often very destructive to trees.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bur</hw>, <hw>Burr</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>burre</i> burdock; cf. Dan. <i>borre</i>, OSw. <i>borra</i>, burdock,
thistle; perh. akin to E. <i>bristle</i> (<i>burr-</i> for <i>burz-</i>),
or perh. to F. <i>bourre</i> hair, wool, stuff; also, according to
Cotgrave, "the downe, or hairie coat, wherewith divers herbes, fruits, and
flowers, are covered," fr. L. <i>burrae</i> trifles, LL. <i>reburrus</i>
rough.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any rough or prickly envelope
of the seeds of plants, whether a pericarp, a persistent calyx, or an
involucre, as of the chestnut and burdock. Also, any weed which bears
burs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Amongst rude <i>burs</i> and thistles.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bur</i> and brake and brier.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thin ridge left by a tool in cutting or
shaping metal. See <u>Burr</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A ring of iron on a lance or spear. See
<u>Burr</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The lobe of the ear. See <u>Burr</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The sweetbread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A clinker; a partially vitrified
brick.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
circular saw.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A triangular chisel.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A drill with a serrated head larger than the
shank; -- used by dentists.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> [Cf. Gael. <i>borr</i>, <i>borra</i>, a knob, bunch.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The round knob of an antler next to a deer's
head.</def> [Commonly written <i>burr</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bur oak</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a useful and ornamental
species of oak (<i>Quercus macrocarpa</i>) with ovoid acorns inclosed in
deep cups imbricated with pointed scales. It grows in the Middle and
Western United States, and its wood is tough, close-grained, and
durable.</cd> -- <col><b>Bur reed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of
the genus <i>Sparganium</i>, having long ribbonlike leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bur"bolt`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A birdbolt.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"bot</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>barbote</i>, fr.
<i>barbe</i> beard. See 1st <u>Barb</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fresh-
water fish of the genus <i>Lota</i>, having on the nose two very small
barbels, and a larger one on the chin.</def> [Written also
<i>burbolt</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The fish is also called an <i>eelpout</i> or <i>ling</i>, and is
allied to the codfish. The <i>Lota vulgaris</i> is a common European
species. An American species (<i>L. maculosa</i>) is found in New England,
the Great Lakes, and farther north.</p>

<p><hw>Bur`de*lais"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bourdelais</i>,
prob. fr. <i>bordelais</i>. See <u>Bordelais</u>.] <def>A sort of
grape.</def>  <i>Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"den</hw> (b&ucirc;"d'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>burthen</i>.] [OE. <i>burden</i>, <i>burthen</i>, <i>birthen</i>,
<i>birden</i>, AS. <i>byr&eth;en</i>; akin to Icel. <i>byr&eth;i</i>, Dan.
<i>byrde</i>, Sw. <i>b&ouml;rda</i>, G. <i>b&uuml;rde</i>, OHG.
<i>burdi</i>, Goth. <i>ba&uacute;r&thorn;ei</i>, fr. the root of E.
<i>bear</i>, AS. <i>beran</i>, Goth. <i>bairan</i>. &radic;92. See 1st
<u>Bear</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is borne or carried; a
load.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plants with goodly <i>burden</i> bowing.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is borne with labor or difficulty;
that which is grievous, wearisome, or oppressive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Deaf, giddy, helpless, left alone,<BR>
To all my friends a <i>burden</i> grown.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The capacity of a vessel, or the weight of cargo
that she will carry; as, a ship of a hundred tons <i>burden</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The tops or heads of stream-work
which lie over the stream of tin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The proportion of ore and flux
to fuel, in the charge of a blast furnace.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A fixed quantity of certain commodities; as, a
<i>burden</i> of gad steel, 120 pounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A birth.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Beast of burden</b></col>, <cd>an animal employed in carrying
burdens.</cd> -- <col><b>Burden of proof</b></col> [L. <i>onus
probandi</i>] <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the duty of proving a particular position
in a court of law, a failure in the performance of which duty calls for
judgment against the party on whom the duty is imposed.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Burden</u>, <u>Load</u>.  A <i>burden</i> is, in the
literal sense, a weight to be borne; a <i>load</i> is something <i>laid</i>
upon us to be carried. Hence, when used figuratively, there is usually a
difference between the two words. Our <i>burdens</i> may be of such a
nature that we feel bound to bear them cheerfully or without complaint.
They may arise from the nature of our situation; they may be allotments of
Providence; they may be the consequences of our errors. What is upon us, as
a <i>load</i>, we commonly carry with greater reluctance or sense of
oppression. Men often find the charge of their own families to be a
<i>burden</i>; but if to this be added a <i>load</i> of care for others,
the pressure is usually serve and irksome.</p>

<p><hw>Bur"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Burdened</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Burdening</u> (&?;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To encumber with weight
(literal or figurative); to lay a heavy load upon; to load.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I mean not that other men be eased, and ye
<i>burdened</i>.<BR>
<i>2 Cor. viii. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To oppress with anything grievous or trying; to
overload; as, to <i>burden</i> a nation with taxes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>burdened</i> heart would break.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To impose, as a load or burden; to lay or place
as a burden (something heavy or objectionable).</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is absurd to <i>burden</i> this act on Cromwell.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To load; encumber; overload; oppress.</p>

<p><! p. 193 !></p>

<p><hw>Bur"den</hw> (b&ucirc;r"d'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>burdoun</i> the bass in music, F. <i>bourdon</i>; cf. LL. <i>burdo</i>
drone, a long organ pipe, a staff, a mule. Prob. of imitative origin. Cf.
<u>Bourdon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The verse repeated in a song, or
the return of the theme at the end of each stanza; the chorus; refrain.
Hence: That which is often repeated or which is dwelt upon; the main topic;
as, the <i>burden</i> of a prayer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would sing my song without a <i>burden</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The drone of a bagpipe.</def>
<i>Ruddiman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"den</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Burdon</u>.] <def>A
club.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"den*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who loads; an
oppressor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"den*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Burdensome.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Burdenous</i> taxations."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"den*some</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Grievous to be
borne; causing uneasiness or fatigue; oppressive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The debt immense of endless gratitude<BR>
So <i>burdensome</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Heavy; weighty; cumbersome; onerous; grievous;
oppressive; troublesome.</p>

<p>--  <wf>Bur"den*some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Bur"den*some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bur"dock</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bur</i> + <i>dock</i>
the plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of coarse biennial herbs
(<i>Lappa</i>), bearing small burs which adhere tenaciously to clothes, or
to the fur or wool of animals.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common <i>burdock</i> is the <i>Lappa officinalis</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Bur"don</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bourdon</u>.]
<def>A pilgrim's staff.</def> [Written also <i>burden</i>.]  <i>Rom. of
R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bu"reau</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Bureaus</b></plw> (&?;), F. <plw><b>Bureaux</b></plw> (&?;). [F.
<i>bureau</i> a writing table, desk, office, OF., drugget, with which a
writing table was often covered, equiv. to F. <i>bure</i>, and fr. OF.
<i>buire</i> dark brown, the stuff being named from its color, fr. L.
<i>burrus</i> red, fr. Gr. &?; flame-colored, prob. fr. &?; fire. See
<u>Fire</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Borel</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a desk or writing
table with drawers for papers.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place where such a bureau is used; an office
where business requiring writing is transacted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A department of public business requiring
a force of clerks; the body of officials in a department who labor under
the direction of a chief.</def></p>

<p>&fist; On the continent of Europe, the highest departments, in most
countries, have the name of <i>bureaux</i>; as, the <i>Bureau</i> of the
Minister of Foreign Affairs. In England and America, the term is confined
to inferior and subordinate departments; as, the "Pension <i>Bureau</i>," a
subdepartment of the Department of the Interior. [Obs.] In Spanish,
<i>bureo</i> denotes a court of justice for the trial of persons belonging
to the king's household.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A chest of drawers for clothes, especially when
made as an ornamental piece of furniture.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bureau system</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bureaucracy</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bureau Veritas</b></col>, <cd>an institution, in the interest of
maritime underwriters, for the survey and rating of vessels all over the
world. It was founded in Belgium in 1828, removed to Paris in 1830, and
re&euml;stablished in Brussels in 1870.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bu*reau"cra*cy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Bureau</i> + Gr.
&?; to be strong, to govern, &?; strength: cf. F. <i>bureaucratie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A system of carrying on the business of government
by means of departments or bureaus, each under the control of a chief, in
contradiction to a system in which the officers of government have an
associated authority and responsibility; also, government conducted on this
system.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Government officials, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu*reau"crat</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An official of a
bureau; esp. an official confirmed in a narrow and arbitrary routine.</def>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bu`reau*crat"ic</hw> (&?;), <hw>Bu`reau*crat"ic*al</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>bureaucratique</i>.] <def>Of, relating to,
or resembling, a bureaucracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu*reau"cra*tist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate
for , or supporter of, bureaucracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Borrel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bu*rette"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., can, cruet, dim.
of <i>buire</i> flagon.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An apparatus for delivering
measured quantities of liquid or for measuring the quantity of liquid or
gas received or discharged. It consists essentially of a graduated glass
tube, usually furnished with a small aperture and stopcock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur" fish`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spinose,
plectognath fish of the Allantic coast of the United States (esp. <i>Chilo
mycterus geometricus</i>) having the power of distending its body with
water or air, so as to resemble a chestnut bur; -- called also <i>ball
fish</i>, <i>balloon fish</i>, and <i>swellfish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burg</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>burh</i>, <i>burg</i>,
cf. LL. <i>burgus</i>. See 1st <u>Borough</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
fortified town.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A borough.</def> [Eng.] See 1st
<u>Borough</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Burg"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Burg</u>: cf. F.
<i>bourgage</i>, LL. <i>burgagium</i>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A tenure by
which houses or lands are held of the king or other lord of a borough or
city; at a certain yearly rent, or by services relating to trade or
handicraft.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"gall</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small marine fish; -- also called <i>cunner</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"ga*mot</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bergamot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"ga*net</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Burgonet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"gee</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
kind of small coat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A swallow-tailed flag; a
distinguishing pennant, used by cutters, yachts, and merchant
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur*geois"</hw> (b&ucirc;r*jois"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Bourgeois</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bur*geois"</hw> (b&oocr;r*zhw&auml;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
burgess; a citizen. See 2d <u>Bourgeois</u>.</def> [R.]
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"geon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bud. See
<u>Bourgeon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"gess</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>burgeis</i>, OF.
<i>burgeis</i>, fr. <i>burc</i>fortified town, town, F. <i>bourg</i>
village, fr. LL. <i>burgus</i> fort, city; from the German; cf. MHG.
<i>burc</i>, G. <i>burg</i>. See 1st <u>Borough</u>, and cf. 2d
<u>Bourgeois</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant of a borough or
walled town, or one who possesses a tenement therein; a citizen or freeman
of a borough.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "A <i>burgess</i> of a borough corresponds with a citizen of a
city."  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who represents a borough in
Parliament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A magistrate of a borough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant of a Scotch burgh qualified to
vote for municipal officers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Before the Revolution, the representatives in the popular branch
of the legislature of Virginia were called <i>burgesses</i>; they are now
called <i>delegates</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Burgess oath</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Burgher</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bur"gess-ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
privilege of a burgess.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Burg"grave</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>burggraf</i>;
<i>burg</i> fortress + <i>graf</i> count: cf. D. <i>burggraaf</i>, F.
<i>burgrave</i>. See <u>Margrave</u>.] <i>(Germany)</i> <def>Originally,
one appointed to the command of a <i>burg</i> (fortress or castle); but the
title afterward became hereditary, with a domain attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burgh</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. See <u>Burg</u>.] <def>A
borough or incorporated town, especially, one in Scotland. See
<u>Borough</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burgh"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to a
burgh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burgh"bote`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Burgh</i> +
<i>bote</i>.] <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>A contribution toward the building or
repairing of castles or walls for the defense of a city or town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burgh"brech`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Burgh</i> + F.
<i>br&egrave;che</i>, equiv. to E. <i>breach</i>.] <i>(AS. Law)</i>
<def>The offense of violating the pledge given by every inhabitant of a
tithing to keep the peace; breach of the peace.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Burgh"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>burgh</i>; akin
to D. <i>burger</i>, G. <i>b&uuml;rger</i>, Dan. <i>borger</i>, Sw.
<i>borgare</i>. See <u>Burgh</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A freeman of a
burgh or borough, entitled to enjoy the privileges of the place; any
inhabitant of a borough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A member of that party,
among the Scotch seceders, which asserted the lawfulness of the burgess
oath (in which burgesses profess "the true religion professed within the
realm"), the opposite party being called <i>antiburghers</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; These parties arose among the Presbyterians of Scotland, in 1747,
and in 1820 reunited under the name of the "United Associate Synod of the
Secession Church."</p>

<p><hw>Burgh"er*mas`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Burgomaster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burgh"er*ship</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
privileges of a burgher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burgh"mas`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A burgomaster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>An officer who directs and lays
out the meres or boundaries for the workmen; -- called also <i>bailiff</i>,
and <i>barmaster</i>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Burgh"mote`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(AS. Law)</i>
[<i>Burgh</i> + <i>mote</i> meeting.] <def>A court or meeting of a burgh or
borough; a borough court held three times yearly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"glar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>burg</i> town, F.
<i>bourg</i>, fr. LL. <i>burgus</i> (of German origin) + OF. <i>lere</i>
thief, fr. L. <i>latro</i>. See <u>Borough</u>, and <u>Larceny</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>One guilty of the crime of burglary.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Burglar alarm</b></col>, <cd>a device for giving alarm if a door
or window is opened from without.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bur"glar*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A burglar.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bur*gla"ri*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
burglary; constituting the crime of burglary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To come down a chimney is held a <i>burglarious</i>
entry.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bur*gla"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With an intent
to commit burglary; in the manner of a burglar.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"gla*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Burglaries</b></plw> (&?;). [Fr. <u>Burglar</u>; cf. LL.
<i>burglaria</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Breaking and entering the dwelling
house of another, in the nighttime, with intent to commit a felony therein,
whether the felonious purpose be accomplished or not.</def>  <i>Wharton.
Burrill.</i></p>

<p>&fist; By statute law in some of the United States, <i>burglary</i>
includes the breaking with felonious intent into a house by day as well as
by night, and into other buildings than dwelling houses. Various degrees of
the crime are established.</p>

<p><hw>Bur"go*mas`ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>burgemeester</i>; <i>burg</i> borough + <i>meester</i> master; akin to
G. <i>burgemeister</i>, <i>b&uuml;rgermeister</i>. See 1st <u>Borough</u>,
and <u>Master</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chief magistrate of a
municipal town in Holland, Flanders, and Germany, corresponding to
<i>mayor</i> in England and the United States; a burghmaster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An aquatic bird, the
glaucous gull (<i>Larus glaucus</i>), common in arctic regions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"go*net</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>bouruignotte</i>,
because the Burgundians, F. <i>Bouruignons</i>, first used it.] <def>A kind
of helmet.</def> [Written also <i>burganet</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"goo</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>burgood</i>
yeast, perh. fr. W. <i>burym</i> yeast + <i>cawl</i> cabbage, gruel.]
<def>A kind of oatmeal pudding, or thick gruel, used by seamen.</def>
[Written also <i>burgout</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bur"grass`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Grass
of the genus <i>Cenchrus</i>, growing in sand, and having burs for
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"grave</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Burggrave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"gun*dy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An old province of France (in the eastern central part).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A richly flavored wine, mostly red, made in
Burgundy, France.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Burgundy pitch</b></col>, <cd>a resinous substance prepared from
the exudation of the Norway spruce (<i>Abies excelsa</i>) by melting in hot
water and straining through cloth. The genuine Burgundy pitch, supposed to
have been first prepared in Burgundy, is rare, but there are many
imitations. It has a yellowish brown color, is translucent and hard, but
viscous. It is used in medicinal plasters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Burh</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Burg</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Bur"hel</hw>, <hw>Burr"hel</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wild Himalayan, or blue, sheep (<i>Ovis
burrhel</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"i*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>buriel</i>,
<i>buriels</i>, grave, tomb, AS. <i>byrgels</i>, fr. <i>byrgan</i> to bury,
and akin to OS. <i>burgisli</i> sepulcher.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
grave; a tomb; a place of sepulture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The erthe schook, and stoones weren cloven, and
<i>biriels</i> weren opened.<BR>
<i>Wycliff [Matt. xxvii. 51, 52].</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of burying; depositing a dead body in
the earth, in a tomb or vault, or in the water, usually with attendant
ceremonies; sepulture; interment.</def> "To give a public <i>burial</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now to glorious <i>burial</i> slowly borne.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Burial case</b></col>, <cd>a form of coffin, usually of iron,
made to close air-tight, for the preservation of a dead body.</cd> --
<col><b>Burial ground</b></col>, <cd>a piece of ground selected and set
apart for a place of burials, and consecrated to such use by religious
ceremonies.</cd> -- <col><b>Burial place</b></col>, <cd>any place where
burials are made.</cd> -- <col><b>Burial service</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The religious service performed at the interment of
the dead; a funeral service.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>That portion of a
liturgy which is read at an interment; as, the English <i>burial
service</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sepulture; interment; inhumation.</p>

<p><hw>Bur"i*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, buries.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till the <i>buriers</i> have buried it.<BR>
<i>Ezek. xxxix. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And darkness be the <i>burier</i> of the dead.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bu"rin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>burin</i>, cf. It.
<i>burino</i>, <i>bulino</i>; prob. from OHG. <i>bora</i> borer,
<i>bor&omacr;n</i> to bore, G. <i>bohren</i>. See 1st <u>Bore</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The cutting tool of an engraver on metal, used in
line engraving. It is made of tempered steel, one end being ground off
obliquely so as to produce a sharp point, and the other end inserted in a
handle; a graver; also, the similarly shaped tool used by workers in
marble.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The manner or style of execution of an engraver;
as, a soft <i>burin</i>; a brilliant <i>burin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"rin*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who works with the
burin.</def>  <i>For. Quart. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bu"ri*on</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The red-breasted house sparrow of California (<i>Carpodacus
frontalis</i>); -- called also <i>crimson-fronted bullfinch</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>burrion</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Burke</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Burked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Burking</u>.] [From one <i>Burke</i> of Edinburgh, who committed the
crime in 1829.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To murder by suffocation, or so as
to produce few marks of violence, for the purpose of obtaining a body to be
sold for dissection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dispose of quietly or indirectly; to
suppress; to smother; to shelve; as, to <i>burke</i> a parliamentary
question.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The court could not <i>burke</i> an inquiry, supported by
such a mass of a affidavits.<BR>
<i>C. Reade.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Burk"ism</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice of
killing persons for the purpose of selling their bodies for
dissection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Burled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Burling</u>.] [OE. <i>burle</i> stuffing, or a knot in cloth; cf. F.
<i>bourlet</i>, <i>bourrelet</i>, OF. <i>bourel</i>, a wreath or a roll of
cloth, linen, or leather, stuffed with flocks, etc., dim. of <i>bourre</i>.
&radic;92. See <u>Bur</u>.] <def>To dress or finish up (cloth); to pick
knots, burs, loose threads, etc., from, as in finishing cloth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Burling iron</b></col>, <cd>a peculiar kind of nippers or
tweezers used in burling woolen cloth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Burl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A knot or
lump in thread or cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An overgrown knot, or an excrescence, on a tree;
also, veneer made from such excrescences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"lap</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coarse fabric, made
of jute or hemp, used for bagging; also, a finer variety of similar
material, used for curtains, etc.</def> [Written also <i>burlaps</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Burl"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who burls or
dresses cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur*lesque"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>burlesque</i>,
fr. It. <i>burlesco</i>, fr. <i>burla</i> jest, mockery, perh. for
<i>burrula</i>, dim. of L. <i>burrae</i> trifles. See <u>Bur</u>.]
<def>Tending to excite laughter or contempt by extravagant images, or by a
contrast between the subject and the manner of treating it, as when a
trifling subject is treated with mock gravity; jocular; ironical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a dispute among the critics, whether <i>burlesque</i>
poetry runs best in heroic verse, like that of the Dispensary, or in
doggerel, like that of Hudibras.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bur*lesque"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ludicrous representation; exaggerated parody; grotesque
satire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Burlesque</i> is therefore of two kinds; the first
represents mean persons in the accouterments of heroes, the other describes
great persons acting and speaking like the basest among the people.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ironical or satirical composition intended to
excite laughter, or to ridicule anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dull <i>burlesque</i> appeared with impudence,<BR>
And pleased by novelty in spite of sense.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A ludicrous imitation; a caricature; a travesty;
a gross perversion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who is it that admires, and from the heart is attached to,
national representative assemblies, but must turn with horror and disgust
from such a profane <i>burlesque</i> and abominable perversion of that
sacred institute?<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mockery; farce; travesty; mimicry.</p>

<p><hw>Bur*lesque"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Burlesqued</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Burlesquing</u> (&?;).] <def>To ridicule, or to make ludicrous by
grotesque representation in action or in language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>burlesqued</i> the prophet Jeremiah's words, and
turned the expression he used into ridicule.<BR>
<i>Stillingfleet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bur*lesque"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To employ
burlesque.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur*les"quer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
burlesques.</def></p>

<p><! p. 194 !></p>

<p><hw>||Bur*let"ta</hw> (b&ucirc;r*l&ebreve;t"t&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., dim. of <i>burla</i> mockery. See
<u>Burlesque</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A comic
operetta; a music farce.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"li*ness</hw> (b&ucirc;r"l&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being burly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"ly</hw> (b&ucirc;r"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>burlich</i> strong, excellent; perh. orig. fit for a lady's bower, hence
handsome, manly, stout. Cf. <u>Bower</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a
large, strong, or gross body; stout; lusty; -- now used chiefly of human
beings, but formerly of animals, in the sense of stately or beautiful, and
of inanimate things that were huge and bulky.</def> "<i>Burly</i> sacks."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In his latter days, with overliberal diet, [he was] somewhat
corpulent and <i>burly</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir T. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Burly</i> and big, and studious of his ease.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coarse and rough; boisterous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was the orator's own <i>burly</i> way of nonsense.<BR>
<i>Cowley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bur"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Burmans</b></plw> (&?;). ["The softened modern <i>M'yan-ma</i>,
<i>M'yan-ma</i> [native name] is the source of the European corruption
<i>Burma</i>." <i>Balfour.</i>], <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A member of the
Burman family, one of the four great families Burmah; also, sometimes, any
inhabitant of Burmah; a Burmese.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Burmans or to Burmah.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur" mar"i*gold</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Beggar's
ticks</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur`mese"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Burmah, or its inhabitants.</def> -- <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
<def>A native or the natives of Burmah. Also (<i>sing.</i>), the language
of the Burmans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burn</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Burned</u> (&?;) or <u>Burnt</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Burning</u>.] [OE. <i>bernen</i>, <i>brennen</i>, v.
t., early confused with <i>beornen</i>, <i>birnen</i>, v. i., AS.
<i>b&aelig;rnan</i>, <i>bernan</i>, v. t., <i>birnan</i>, v. i.; akin to
OS. <i>brinnan</i>, OFries. <i>barna</i>, <i>berna</i>, OHG.
<i>brinnan</i>, <i>brennan</i>, G. <i>brennen</i>, OD. <i>bernen</i>, D.
<i>branden</i>, Dan. <i>br&aelig;nde</i>, Sw. <i>br&auml;nna</i>,
<i>brinna</i>, Icel. <i>brenna</i>, Goth. <i>brinnan</i>, <i>brannjan</i>
(in comp.), and possibly to E. <i>fervent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
consume with fire; to reduce to ashes by the action of heat or fire; --
frequently intensified by <i>up</i>: as, to <i>burn</i> up wood.</def>
"We'll <i>burn</i> his body in the holy place."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To injure by fire or heat; to change
destructively some property or properties of, by undue exposure to fire or
heat; to scorch; to scald; to blister; to singe; to char; to sear; as, to
<i>burn</i> steel in forging; to <i>burn</i> one's face in the sun; the sun
<i>burns</i> the grass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To perfect or improve by fire or heat; to submit
to the action of fire or heat for some economic purpose; to destroy or
change some property or properties of, by exposure to fire or heat in due
degree for obtaining a desired residuum, product, or effect; to bake; as,
to <i>burn</i> clay in making bricks or pottery; to <i>burn</i> wood so as
to produce charcoal; to <i>burn</i> limestone for the lime.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make or produce, as an effect or result, by
the application of fire or heat; as, to <i>burn</i> a hole; to <i>burn</i>
charcoal; to <i>burn</i> letters into a block.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To consume, injure, or change the condition of,
as if by action of fire or heat; to affect as fire or heat does; as, to
<i>burn</i> the mouth with pepper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This tyrant fever <i>burns</i> me up.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This dry sorrow <i>burns</i> up all my tears.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the cold north wind bloweth, . . . it devoureth the
mountains, and <i>burneth</i> the wilderness, and consumeth the grass as
fire.<BR>
<i>Ecclus. xliii. 20, 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>To apply a cautery to; to
cauterize.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To cause to combine with oxygen
or other active agent, with evolution of heat; to consume; to oxidize; as,
a man <i>burns</i> a certain amount of carbon at each respiration; to
<i>burn</i> iron in oxygen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To burn</b></col>, <col><b>To burn together</b></col>, as two
surfaces of metal <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>to fuse and unite them by pouring
over them a quantity of the same metal in a liquid state.</cd> --
<col><b>To burn a bowl</b></col> <i>(Game of Bowls)</i>, <cd>to displace it
accidentally, the bowl so displaced being said to be <i>burned</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To burn daylight</b></col>, <cd>to light candles before it is dark;
to waste time; to perform superfluous actions.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>To burn one's fingers</b></col>, <cd>to get one's self into
unexpected trouble, as by interfering the concerns of others, speculation,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To burn out</b></col>, <cd>to destroy or obliterate by
burning.</cd>  "Must you with hot irons <i>burn out</i> mine eyes?"
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To be burned out</b></col>, <cd>to suffer loss by
fire, as the burning of one's house, store, or shop, with the
contents.</cd> -- <col><b>To burn up</b></col>, <col><b>To burn
down</b></col>, <cd>to burn entirely.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Burn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be of
fire; to flame.</def> "The mount <i>burned</i> with fire."  <i>Deut. ix.
15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suffer from, or be scorched by, an excess of
heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your meat doth <i>burn</i>, quoth I.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have a condition, quality, appearance,
sensation, or emotion, as if on fire or excessively heated; to act or rage
with destructive violence; to be in a state of lively emotion or strong
desire; as, the face <i>burns</i>; to <i>burn</i> with fever.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did not our heart <i>burn</i> within us, while he talked
with us by the way?<BR>
<i>Luke xxiv. 32.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The barge she sat in, like a burnished throne,<BR>
<i>Burned</i> on the water.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Burning</i> with high hope.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The groan still deepens, and the combat <i>burns</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The parching air<BR>
<i>Burns</i> frore, and cold performs the effect of fire.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To combine energetically, with
evolution of heat; as, copper <i>burns</i> in chlorine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In certain games, to approach near to a
concealed object which is sought.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To burn out</b></col>, <cd>to burn till the fuel is
exhausted.</cd> -- <col><b>To burn up</b></col>, <col><b>To burn
down</b></col>, <cd>to be entirely consumed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Burn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hurt,
injury, or effect caused by fire or excessive or intense heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The operation or result of burning or baking, as
in brickmaking; as, they have a good <i>burn</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A disease in vegetables. See <u>Brand</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Bourn</u>.] <def>A small
stream.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Burn"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Combustible.</def>
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Burned</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Burnt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burned</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Burnished.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Burn"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, burns or sets fire to anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part of a lamp, gas fixture, etc., where the
flame is produced.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bunsen's burner</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a kind of burner,
invented by Professor <i>Bunsen</i> of Heidelberg, consisting of a straight
tube, four or five inches in length, having small holes for the entrance of
air at the bottom. Illuminating gas being also admitted at the bottom, a
mixture of gas and air is formed which burns at the top with a feebly
luminous but intensely hot flame.</cd> -- <col><b>Argand burner</b></col>,
<col><b>Rose burner</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Argand</u>,
<u>Rose</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bur"net</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>burnet</i> burnet;
also, brownish (the plant perh. being named from its color), fr. F.
<i>brunet</i>, dim. of <i>brun</i> brown; cf. OF. <i>brunete</i> a sort of
flower. See <u>Brunette</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of perennial herbs
(<i>Poterium</i>); especially, <i>P.Sanguisorba</i>, the common, or garden,
burnet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Burnet moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>in England, a
handsome moth (<i>Zyg&aelig;na filipendula</i>), with crimson spots on the
wings.</cd> -- <col><b>Burnet saxifrage</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Saxifrage</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canadian burnet</b></col>, <cd>a marsh
plant (<i>Poterium Canadensis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Great burnet</b></col>,
<col><b>Wild burnet</b></col>, <cd><i>Poterium (or Sanguisorba)
oficinalis</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bur"nett*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Burnettized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Burnettizing</u>.] <i>(Manuf.)</i> <def>To subject (wood, fabrics, etc.)
to a process of saturation in a solution of chloride of zinc, to prevent
decay; -- a process invented by Sir William <i>Burnett</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burn"ie</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 4th <u>Burn</u>.]
<def>A small brook.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"nie*bee`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
ladybird.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Burn"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
burns; being on fire; excessively hot; fiery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consuming; intense; inflaming; exciting;
vehement; powerful; as, <i>burning</i> zeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a young hound upon a <i>burning</i> scent.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Burning bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an ornamental shrub
(<i>Euonymus atropurpureus</i>), bearing a crimson berry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Burn"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of consuming by
fire or heat, or of subjecting to the effect of fire or heat; the state of
being on fire or excessively heated.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Burning fluid</b></col>, <cd>any volatile illuminating oil, as
the lighter petroleums (naphtha, benzine), or oil of turpentine (camphine),
but esp. a mixture of the latter with alcohol.</cd> -- <col><b>Burning
glass</b></col>, <cd>a convex lens of considerable size, used for producing
an intense heat by converging the sun's rays to a focus.</cd> --
<col><b>Burning house</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>the furnace in which
tin ores are calcined, to sublime the sulphur and arsenic from the
pyrites.</cd> <i>Weale.</i> -- <col><b>Burning mirror</b></col>, <cd>a
concave mirror, or a combination of plane mirrors, used for the same
purpose as a burning glass.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Combustion; fire; conflagration; flame; blaze.</p>

<p><hw>Bur"nish</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Burnished</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Burnishing</u>.] [OE. <i>burnischen</i>, <i>burnissen</i>,
<i>burnen</i>, OF. <i>burnir</i>, <i>brunir</i>, to make brown, polish, F.
<i>brunir</i>, fr. F. <i>brun</i> brown, fr. OHG. <i>br&?;n</i>; cf. MHG.
<i>briunen</i> to make brown, polish. See <u>Brown</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To cause to shine; to make smooth and bright; to
polish; specifically, to polish by rubbing with something hard and smooth;
as, to <i>burnish</i> brass or paper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The frame of <i>burnished</i> steel, that east a glare<BR>
From far, and seemed to thaw the freezing air.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Now the village windows blaze,<BR>
<i>Burnished</i> by the setting sun.<BR>
<i>Cunningham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Burnishing machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine for smoothing and
polishing by compression, as in making paper collars.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bur"nish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shine forth; to
brighten; to become smooth and glossy, as from swelling or filling out;
hence, to grow large.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A slender poet must have time to grow,<BR>
And spread and <i>burnish</i> as his brothers do.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>My thoughts began to <i>burnish</i>, sprout, and swell.<BR>
<i>Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bur"nish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The effect of burnishing;
gloss; brightness; luster.</def>  <i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"nish*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who burnishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tool with a hard, smooth, rounded end or
surface, as of steel, ivory, or agate, used in smoothing or polishing by
rubbing. It has a variety of forms adapted to special uses.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bur"noose</hw>, <hw>Bur"nous</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Ar. <i>burnus</i> a kind of high-crowned cap: cf. F. <i>bournous</i>,
<i>burnous</i>, Sp. <i>al-bornoz</i>, a sort of upper garment, with a hood
attached.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cloaklike garment and hood woven in
one piece, worn by Arabs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A combination cloak and hood worn by
women.</def> [Variously written <i>bournous</i>, <i>bernouse</i>,
<i>bornous</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Burn"stic`kle</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A stickleback (<i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Burnt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Consumed with,
or as with, fire; scorched or dried, as with fire or heat; baked or
hardened in the fire or the sun.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Burnt ear</b></col>, <cd>a black, powdery fungus which destroys
grain. See <u>Smut</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Burnt offering</b></col>,
<cd>something offered and burnt on an altar, as an atonement for sin; a
sacrifice. The offerings of the Jews were a clean animal, as an ox, a calf,
a goat, or a sheep; or some vegetable substance, as bread, or ears of wheat
or barley. Called also <i>burnt sacrifice</i>.</cd> <i>[2 Sam. xxiv.
22.]</i></p>

<p><hw>Burr</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bur</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prickly seed vessel. See
<u>Bur</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thin edge or ridge left by a tool in cutting
or shaping metal, as in turning, engraving, pressing, etc.; also, the rough
neck left on a bullet in casting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The graver, in plowing furrows in the surface of the copper,
raises corresponding ridges or <i>burrs</i>.<BR>
<i>Tomlinson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thin flat piece of metal, formed from a sheet
by punching; a small washer put on the end of a rivet before it is swaged
down.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A broad iron ring on a tilting lance just below
the gripe, to prevent the hand from slipping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The lobe or lap of the ear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [Probably of imitative origin.] <def>A guttural
pronounciation of the letter <i>r</i>, produced by trilling the extremity
of the soft palate against the back part of the tongue; rotacism; -- often
called the <i>Newcastle</i>, <i>Northumberland</i>, or <i>Tweedside</i>,
<i>burr</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The knot at the bottom of an antler. See
<u>Bur</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burr</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Burred</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Burring</u>.] <def>To speak with burr; to make a hoarse or guttural
murmur.</def>  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"rel</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>burel</i>
reddish (cf. <u>Borel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>), or F.
<i>beurr&eacute;</i> butter pear, fr. <i>beurre</i> butter. Cf.
<u>Butter</u>.] <def>A sort of pear, called also the <i>red butter
pear</i>, from its smooth, delicious, soft pulp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"rel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Borrel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"rel fly`</hw> (&?;). [From its reddish color. See 1st
<u>Burrel</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The botfly or gadfly of cattle
(<i>Hypoderma bovis</i>). See <u>Gadfly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"rel shot`</hw> (&?;). [Either from annoying the enemy like a
<i>burrel fly</i>, or, less probably, fr. F. <i>bourreler</i> to sting,
torture.] <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A mixture of shot, nails, stones, pieces of
old iron, etc., fired from a cannon at short range, in an emergency.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Burr"ing ma*chine"</hw> (&?;). <def>A machine for cleansing wool of
burs, seeds, and other substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burr" mill"stone`</hw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Buhrstone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"ro</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., an ass.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A donkey.</def> [Southern U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bur"rock</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. from AS.
<i>burg</i>, <i>burh</i>, hill + <i>-ock</i>.] <def>A small weir or dam in
a river to direct the stream to gaps where fish traps are placed.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bur"row</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Borough</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An incorporated town. See 1st
<u>Borough</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shelter; esp. a hole in the ground made by
certain animals, as rabbits, for shelter and habitation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A heap or heaps of rubbish or
refuse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mound. See 3d <u>Barrow</u>, and <u>Camp</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"row</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Burrowed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Burrowing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To excavate a hole to lodge in,
as in the earth; to lodge in a hole excavated in the earth, as conies or
rabbits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lodge, or take refuge, in any deep or
concealed place; to hide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir, this vermin of court reporters, when they are forced
into day upon one point, are sure to <i>burrow</i> in another.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Burrowing owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small owl of
the western part of North America (<i>Speotyto cunicularia</i>), which
lives in holes, often in company with the prairie dog.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bur"row*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, burrows; an animal that makes a hole under ground and lives in
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burr"stone`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Buhrstone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burr"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in burs, or
containing burs; resembling burs; as, <i>burry</i> wool.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bur"sa</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Burs&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L. See <u>Burse</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Any sac or saclike cavity; especially, one of the synovial sacs, or
small spaces, often lined with synovial membrane, interposed between
tendons and bony prominences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"sal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a bursa or to burs&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"sar</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>bursarius</i>, fr.
<i>bursa</i> purse. See <u>Burse</u>, and cf. <u>Purser</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A treasurer, or cash keeper; a purser; as, the
<i>bursar</i> of a college, or of a monastery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A student to whom a stipend or bursary is paid
for his complete or partial support.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"sar*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
bursar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"sa*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
ries</b></plw> (&?;). [LL. <i>bursaria</i>. See <u>Bursar</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The treasury of a college or monastery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A scholarship or charitable foundation in a
university, as in Scotland; a sum given to enable a student to pursue his
studies.</def> "No woman of rank or fortune but would have a <i>bursary</i>
in her gift."  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bursch</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Burschen</b></plw> (&?;). [G., ultimately fr. LL. <i>bursa</i>. See
<u>Burse</u>.] <def>A youth; especially, a student in a german
university.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burse</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>bursa</i>, or F.
<i>bourse</i>. See <u>Bourse</u>, and cf. <u>Bursch</u>, <u>Purse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A purse; also, a vesicle; a pod; a hull.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fund or foundation for the maintenance of
needy scholars in their studies; also, the sum given to the
beneficiaries.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An ornamental case of hold the
corporal when not in use.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An exchange, for merchants and bankers, in the
cities of continental Europe. Same as <u>Bourse</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A kind of bazaar.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She says she went to the <i>burse</i> for patterns.<BR>
<i>Old Play.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bur*sic"u*late</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Burse</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bursiform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"si*form</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>bursa</i> purse
+ <i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like a purse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bur*si"tis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. E.
<i>bursa</i> + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of a
bursa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burst</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Burst</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bursting</u>. The past participle <i>bursten</i> is obsolete.] [OE.
<i>bersten</i>, <i>bresten</i>, AS. <i>berstan</i> (pers. sing.
<i>berste</i>, imp. sing. <i>b&aelig;rst</i>, imp. pl. <i>burston</i>, p.
p. <i>borsten</i>); akin to D. <i>bersten</i>, G. <i>bersten</i>, OHG.
<i>brestan</i>, OS. <i>brestan</i>, Icel. <i>bresta</i>, Sw. <i>brista</i>,
Dan. <i>briste</i>. Cf. <u>Brast</u>, <u>Break</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To fly apart or in pieces; of break open; to yield to force or
pressure, especially to a sudden and violent exertion of force, or to
pressure from within; to explode; as, the boiler had <i>burst</i>; the buds
will <i>burst</i> in spring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the egg that soon<BR>
<i>Bursting</i> with kindly rupture, forth disclosed<BR>
Their callow young.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Often used figuratively, as of the heart, in reference to a surcharge of
passion, grief, desire, etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>No, no, my heart will <i>burst</i>, an if I speak:<BR>
And I will speak, that so my heart may <i>burst</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exert force or pressure by which something is
made suddenly to give way; to break through obstacles or limitations;
hence, to appear suddenly and unexpectedly or unaccountably, or to depart
in such manner; -- usually with some qualifying adverb or preposition, as
<i>forth</i>, <i>out</i>, <i>away</i>, <i>into</i>, <i>upon</i>,
<i>through</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tears, such as angels weep, <i>burst</i> forth.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And now you <i>burst</i> (ah cruel!) from my arms.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A resolved villain<BR>
Whose bowels suddenly <i>burst</i> out.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We were the first that ever <i>burst</i><BR>
Into that silent sea.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>burst</i> upon him like an earthquake.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 195 !></p>

<p><hw>Burst</hw> (b&ucirc;rst), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To break or rend by violence, as by an overcharge or by strain or
pressure, esp. from within; to force open suddenly; as, to <i>burst</i> a
cannon; to <i>burst</i> a blood vessel; to <i>burst</i> open the
doors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My breast I'll <i>burst</i> with straining of my
courage.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You will not pay for the glasses you have <i>burst</i>?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>burst</i> his lance against the sand below.<BR>
<i>Fairfax (Tasso).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To produce as an effect of bursting; as, to
<i>burst</i> a hole through the wall.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bursting charge</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Charge</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Burst</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden
breaking forth; a violent rending; an explosion; as, a <i>burst</i> of
thunder; a <i>burst</i> of applause; a <i>burst</i> of passion; a
<i>burst</i> of inspiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bursts</i> of fox-hunting melody.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any brief, violent exertion or effort; a spurt;
as, a <i>burst</i> of speed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sudden opening, as of landscape; a stretch; an
expanse.</def> [R.] "A fine <i>burst</i> of country."  <i>Jane
Austen.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A rupture or hernia; a breach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burst"en</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Burst</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Burst"er</hw> (b&ucirc;rst"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
that bursts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burst"wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant (<i>Herniaria glabra</i>) supposed to be valuable for the cure of
hernia or rupture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Burt</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Birt</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bur"then</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Burden</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Bur"ton</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. &amp; Prov. E.
<i>bort</i> to press or indent anything.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A peculiar
tackle, formed of two or more blocks, or pulleys, the weight being
suspended to a hook block in the bight of the running part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bur"y</hw> (b&ebreve;r"r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Borough</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A borough; a manor; as, the
<i>Bury</i> of St. Edmond's</def>; -- used as a termination of names of
places; as, Canter<i>bury</i>, Shrews<i>bury</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A manor house; a castle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To this very day, the chief house of a manor, or the lord's
seat, is called <i>bury</i>, in some parts of England.<BR>
<i>Miege.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bur"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Buried</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Burying</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>burien</i>, <i>birien</i>, <i>berien</i>,
AS. <i>byrgan</i>; akin to <i>beorgan</i> to protect, OHG. <i>bergan</i>,
G. <i>bergen</i>, Icel. <i>bjarga</i>, Sw. <i>berga</i>, Dan.
<i>bierge</i>, <i>Goth</i>. <i>ba&iacute;rgan</i>. &radic;95. Cf.
<u>Burrow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover out of sight, either by
heaping something over, or by placing within something, as earth, etc.; to
conceal by covering; to hide; as, to <i>bury</i> coals in ashes; to
<i>bury</i> the face in the hands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And all their confidence<BR>
Under the weight of mountains <i>buried</i> deep.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: To cover out of sight, as the body
of a deceased person, in a grave, a tomb, or the ocean; to deposit (a
corpse) in its resting place, with funeral ceremonies; to inter; to
inhume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord, suffer me first to go and <i>bury</i> my father.<BR>
<i>Matt. viii. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>bury</i> thee in a triumphant grave.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hide in oblivion; to put away finally; to
abandon; as, to <i>bury</i> strife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me a bowl of wine<BR>
In this I <i>bury</i> all unkindness, Cassius.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Burying beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the general
name of many species of beetles, of the tribe <i>Necrophaga</i>; the sexton
beetle; -- so called from their habit of burying small dead animals by
digging away the earth beneath them. The larv&aelig; feed upon decaying
flesh, and are useful scavengers.</cd> -- <col><b>To bury the
hatchet</b></col>, <cd>to lay aside the instruments of war, and make peace;
-- a phrase used in allusion to the custom observed by the North American
Indians, of burying a tomahawk when they conclude a peace.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To intomb; inter; inhume; inurn; hide; cover; conceal;
overwhelm; repress.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Bur"y*ing ground`</hw>, <hw>Bur"y*ing place</hw>  }. <def>The
ground or place for burying the dead; burial place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviated from
omni<i>bus</i>.] <def>An omnibus.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Bus"by</hw> (b&ubreve;z"b&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Busbies</b></plw> (b&ibreve;z). <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A military
headdress or cap, used in the British army. It is of fur, with a bag, of
the same color as the facings of the regiment, hanging from the top over
the right shoulder.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bus"con</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., a searcher, fr.
<i>buscar</i> to search.] <def>One who searches for ores; a
prospector.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bush</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bosch</i>,
<i>busch</i>, <i>buysch</i>, <i>bosk</i>, <i>busk</i>; akin to D.
<i>bosch</i>, OHG. <i>busc</i>, G. <i>busch</i>, Icel. <i>b&umacr;skr</i>,
<i>b&umacr;ski</i>, Dan. <i>busk</i>, Sw. <i>buske</i>, and also to LL.
<i>boscus</i>, <i>buscus</i>, Pr. <i>bosc</i>, It. <i>bosco</i>, Sp. &amp; Pg.
<i>bosque</i>, F. <i>bois</i>, OF. <i>bos</i>. Whether the LL. or G. form
is the original is uncertain; if the LL., it is perh. from the same source
as E. <i>box</i> a case. Cf. <u>Ambush</u>, <u>Boscage</u>, <u>Bouquet</u>,
<u>Box</u> a case.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thicket, or place abounding
in trees or shrubs; a wild forest.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This was the original sense of the word, as in the Dutch
<i>bosch</i>, a wood, and was so used by Chaucer. In this sense it is
extensively used in the British colonies, especially at the Cape of Good
Hope, and also in Australia and Canada; as, to live or settle in the
<i>bush</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shrub; esp., a shrub with branches rising from
or near the root; a thick shrub or a cluster of shrubs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To bind a <i>bush</i> of thorns among sweet-smelling
flowers.<BR>
<i>Gascoigne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shrub cut off, or a shrublike branch of a
tree; as, <i>bushes</i> to support pea vines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A shrub or branch, properly, a branch of ivy (as
sacred to Bacchus), hung out at vintners' doors, or as a tavern sign;
hence, a tavern sign, and symbolically, the tavern itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If it be true that good wine needs no <i>bush</i>, 't is
true that a good play needs no epilogue.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Hunting)</i> <def>The tail, or brush, of a
fox.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To beat about the bush</b></col>, <cd>to approach anything in a
round-about manner, instead of coming directly to it; -- a metaphor taken
from hunting.</cd> -- <col><b>Bush bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
variety of bean which is low and requires no support (<i>Phaseolus
vulgaris</i>, variety <i>nanus</i>). See <u>Bean</u>, 1.</cd> --
<col><b>Bush buck</b></col>, or <col><b>Bush goat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a beautiful South African antelope (<i>Tragelaphus
sylvaticus</i>); -- so called because found mainly in wooden localities.
The name is also applied to other species.</cd> -- <col><b>Bush
cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the serval. See <u>Serval</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Bush chat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bird of the genus
<i>Pratincola</i>, of the Thrush family.</cd> -- <col><b>Bush
dog</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Potto</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bush hammer</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bushhammer</u> in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Bush harrow</b></col> <i>(Agric.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Harrow</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bush hog</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South African wild hog (<i>Potamoch&oelig;rus
Africanus</i>); -- called also <i>bush pig</i>, and <i>water hog</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Bush master</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a venomous snake
(<i>Lachesis mutus</i>) of Guinea; -- called also <i>surucucu</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bush pea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a variety of pea that needs
to be bushed.</cd> -- <col><b>Bush shrike</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a bird of the genus <i>Thamnophilus</i>, and allied genera; -- called
also <i>batarg</i>. Many species inhabit tropical America.</cd> --
<col><b>Bush tit</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small bird of the
genus <i>Psaltriparus</i>, allied to the titmouse. <i>P. minimus</i>
inhabits California.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bush</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To branch thickly in
the manner of a bush.</def> "The <i>bushing</i> alders."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bush</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Bushed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Bushing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set bushes for; to support with bushes; as, to
<i>bush</i> peas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use a bush harrow on (land), for covering
seeds sown; to harrow with a bush; as, to <i>bush</i> a piece of land; to
<i>bush</i> seeds into the ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bush</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>bus</i> a box, akin to E.
<i>box</i>; or F. <i>boucher</i> to plug.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A lining for a hole to make it smaller; a thimble or
ring of metal or wood inserted in a plate or other part of machinery to
receive the wear of a pivot or arbor.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the larger machines, such a piece is called a <i>box</i>,
particularly in the United States.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A piece of copper, screwed into a
gun, through which the venthole is bored.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bush</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with a bush, or
lining; as, to <i>bush</i> a pivot hole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bush"boy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bushman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bush"el</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>buschel</i>,
<i>boischel</i>, OF. <i>boissel</i>, <i>bussel</i>, <i>boistel</i>, F.
<i>boisseau</i>, LL. <i>bustellus</i>; dim. of <i>bustia</i>, <i>buxida</i>
(OF. <i>boiste</i>), fr. <i>pyxida</i>, acc. of L. <i>pyxis</i> box, Gr.
&?;. Cf. <u>Box</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dry measure, containing
four pecks, eight gallons, or thirty-two quarts.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Winchester bushel, formerly used in England, contained
2150.42 cubic inches, being the volume of a cylinder 18&frac12; inches in
internal diameter and eight inches in depth. The standard bushel measures,
prepared by the United States Government and distributed to the States,
hold each 77.6274 pounds of distilled water, at 39.8&deg; Fahr. and 30
inches atmospheric pressure, being the equivalent of the Winchester bushel.
The imperial bushel now in use in England is larger than the Winchester
bushel, containing 2218.2 cubic inches, or 80 pounds of water at 62&deg;
Fahr.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel of the capacity of a bushel, used in
measuring; a bushel measure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is a candle brought to be put under a <i>bushel</i>, or
under a bed, and not to be set on a candlestick?<BR>
<i>Mark iv. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A quantity that fills a bushel measure; as, a
heap containing ten <i>bushels</i> of apples.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States a large number of articles, bought and sold
by the bushel, are measured by weighing, the number of pounds that make a
bushel being determined by State law or by local custom. For some articles,
as apples, potatoes, etc., heaped measure is required in measuring a
bushel.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A large indefinite quantity.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The worthies of antiquity bought the rarest pictures with
<i>bushels</i> of gold, without counting the weight or the number of the
pieces.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The iron lining in the nave of a wheel. [Eng.]
In the United States it is called a <i>box</i>. See 4th
<u>Bush</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bush"el*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A duty payable on
commodities by the bushel.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bush"el*man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tailor's
assistant for repairing garments; -- called also <i>busheler</i>.</def>
[Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bush"et</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bosket</u>.] <def>A
small bush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bush"fight`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One accustomed
to bushfighting.</def>  <i>Parkman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bush"fight`ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fighting in the
bush, or from behind bushes, trees, or thickets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bush"ham`mer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hammer with a
head formed of a bundle of square bars, with pyramidal points, arranged in
rows, or a solid head with a face cut into a number of rows of such points;
-- used for dressing stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bush"ham`mer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dress with
bushhammer; as, to <i>bushhammer</i> a block of granite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bush"i*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition or
quality of being bushy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bush"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 4th <u>Bush</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The operation of fitting bushes, or linings, into
holes or places where wear is to be received, or friction diminished, as
pivot holes, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A bush or lining; -- sometimes
called a <i>thimble</i>. See 4th <u>Bush</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bush"less</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from bushes;
bare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'er the long backs of the <i>bushless</i> downs.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bush"man</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bushmen</b></plw> (&?;). [Cf. D. <i>boschman</i>,
<i>boschjesman</i>. See 1st <u>Bush</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
woodsman; a settler in the bush.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of a race of South African
nomads, living principally in the deserts, and not classified as allied in
race or language to any other people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bush"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>busshement</i>
ambush, fr. <i>bush</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thicket; a cluster of
bushes.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ambuscade.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bush"ran`ger</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who roams, or
hides, among the bushes; especially, in Australia, an escaped criminal
living in the bush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bush"whack`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One accustomed to beat about, or travel through, bushes.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They were gallant <i>bushwhackers</i>, and hunters of
raccoons by moonlight.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A guerrilla; a marauding assassin; one who
pretends to be a peaceful citizen, but secretly harasses a hostile force or
its sympathizers.</def> [U.S.]  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bush"whack`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Traveling, or working a way, through bushes; pulling by the bushes, as
in hauling a boat along the bushy margin of a stream.</def> [U.S.]  <i>T.
Flint.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The crimes or warfare of bushwhackers.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Bush"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 1st <u>Bush</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thick and spreading, like a bush.</def>
"<i>Bushy</i> eyebrows."  <i>Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of bushes; overgrowing with
shrubs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dingle, or <i>bushy</i> dell, of this wild wood.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bus"i*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a busy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Busi"ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Businesses</b></plw> (&?;). [From <u>Busy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which busies one, or that which engages the time, attention, or
labor of any one, as his principal concern or interest, whether for a
longer or shorter time; constant employment; regular occupation; as, the
<i>business</i> of life; <i>business</i> before pleasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wist ye not that I must be about my Father's
<i>business</i>?<BR>
<i>Luke ii. 49.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any particular occupation or employment engaged
in for livelihood or gain, as agriculture, trade, art, or a
profession.</def> "The <i>business</i> of instruction."
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Financial dealings; buying and selling; traffic
in general; mercantile transactions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It seldom happens that men of a studious turn acquire any
degree of reputation for their knowledge of <i>business</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Popteus.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which one has to do or should do; special
service, duty, or mission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The daughter of the King of France,<BR>
On serious <i>business</i>, craving quick despatch,<BR>
Importunes personal conference.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>business</i> has the tortoise among the clouds?<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Affair; concern; matter; -- used in an
indefinite sense, and modified by the connected words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was a gentle <i>business</i>, and becoming<BR>
The action of good women.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Bestow<BR>
Your needful counsel to our <i>business</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Drama)</i> <def>The position, distribution, and
order of persons and properties on the stage of a theater, as determined by
the stage manager in rehearsal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Care; anxiety; diligence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To do one's business</b></col>, <cd>to ruin one.</cd> [Colloq.]
<i>Wycherley.</i> -- <col><b>To make (a thing) one's business</b></col>,
<cd>to occupy one's self with a thing as a special charge or duty.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>To mean business</b></col>, <cd>to be earnest.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Affairs; concern; transaction; matter; engagement;
employment; calling; occupation; trade; profession; vocation; office;
duty.</p>

<p><hw>Busi"ness*like`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of one transacting business wisely and by right methods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Busk</hw> (b&ubreve;sk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>busc</i>, perh.
fr. the hypothetical older form of E. <i>bois</i> wood, because the first
busks were made of wood. See <u>Bush</u>, and cf. OF. <i>busche</i>, F.
<i>b&ucirc;che</i>, a piece or log of wood, fr. the same root.] <def>A
thin, elastic strip of metal, whalebone, wood, or other material, worn in
the front of a corset.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her long slit sleeves, stiff <i>busk</i>, puff
verdingall,<BR>
Is all that makes her thus angelical.<BR>
<i>Marston.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Busk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Busked</u> (b&ubreve;skt).] [OE. <i>busken</i>, fr. Icel.
<i>b&umacr;ask</i> to make one's self ready, rexlexive of <i>b&umacr;a</i>
to prepare, dwell. Cf. 8th <u>Bound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
prepare; to make ready; to array; to dress.</def> [Scot. &amp; Old Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Busk</i> you, <i>busk</i> you, my bonny, bonny bride.<BR>
<i>Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go; to direct one's course.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye might have <i>busked</i> you to Huntly banks.<BR>
<i>Skelton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Busked</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a busk.</def>
<i>Pollok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bus"ket</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Bosket</u>,
<u>Bouquet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small bush; also, a sprig or
bouquet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part of a garden devoted to shrubs.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Bus"kin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from OF.
<i>brossequin</i>, or D. <i>broosken</i>. See <u>Brodekin</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A strong, protecting covering for the foot, coming
some distance up the leg.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hunted red deer's undressed hide<BR>
Their hairy <i>buskins</i> well supplied.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A similar covering for the foot and leg, made
with very thick soles, to give an appearance of elevation to the stature; -
- worn by tragic actors in ancient Greece and Rome. Used as a symbol of
tragedy, or the tragic drama, as distinguished from comedy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great Fletcher never treads in <i>buskins</i> here,<BR>
No greater Jonson dares in socks appear.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bus"kined</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearing buskins.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>buskined</i> virgins traced the dewy lawn.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Trodden by buskins; pertaining to tragedy.</def>
"The <i>buskined</i> stage."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bus"ky</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Bosky</u>, and
1st <u>Bush</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buss</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>basse</i>, fr. L.
<i>basium</i>; cf. G. <i>bus</i> (<i>Luther</i>), Prov. G. <i>busserl</i>,
dim. of <i>bus</i> kiss, <i>bussen</i> to kiss, Sw. <i>puss</i> kiss,
<i>pussa</i> to kiss, W. &amp; Gael. <i>bus</i> lip, mouth.] <def>A kiss; a
rude or playful kiss; a smack.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 196 !></p>

<p><hw>Buss</hw> (b&ubreve;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bussed</u> (b&ubreve;st); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bussing</u>.] <def>To kiss; esp. to kiss with a smack, or rudely.</def>
"Nor <i>bussed</i> the milking maid."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Kissing and <i>bussing</i> differ both in this,<BR>
We <i>buss</i> our wantons, but our wives we kiss.<BR>
<i>Herrick.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>busse</i>, Pr.
<i>bus</i>, LL. <i>bussa</i>, <i>busa</i>, G. <i>b&uuml;se</i>, D.
<i>buis</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small strong vessel with two masts and
two cabins; -- used in the herring fishery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Dutch whalers and herring <i>busses</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bust</hw> (b&ubreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>buste</i>, fr.
It. <i>busto</i>; cf. LL. <i>busta</i>, <i>bustula</i>, box, of the same
origin as E. <i>box</i> a case; cf., for the change of meaning, E.
<i>chest</i>. See <u>Bushel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of
sculpture representing the upper part of the human figure, including the
head, shoulders, and breast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ambition sighed: she found it vain to trust<BR>
The faithless column, and the crumbling <i>bust</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The portion of the human figure included between
the head and waist, whether in statuary or in the person; the chest or
thorax; the upper part of the trunk of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bus"tard</hw> (b&ubreve;s"t&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. &
Prov. F. <i>bistarde</i>, F. <i>outarde</i>, from L. <i>avis tarda</i>,
lit., slow bird. <i>Plin. 10, 22</i>; "proxim&aelig; iis sunt, quas
Hispania <i>aves tardas</i> appellat, Gr&aelig;cia <grk>'wti`das</grk>."]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird of the genus <i>Otis</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>great</i> or <i>bearded bustard</i> (<i>Otis tarda</i>) is
the largest game bird in Europe. It inhabits the temperate regions of
Europe and Asia, and was formerly common in Great Britain. The <i>little
bustard</i> (<i>O. tetrax</i>) inhabits eastern Europe and Morocco. Many
other species are known in Asia and Africa.</p>

<p><hw>Bus"ter</hw> (b&ubreve;s"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Something huge; a roistering blade; also, a spree.</def> [Slang, U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bus"tle</hw> (b&ubreve;s"s'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bustled</u> (-s'ld); <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>vb</i></pos>.<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <u>Bustling</u> (-sl&ibreve;ng).]
[Cf. OE. <i>buskle</i>, perh. fr. AS. <i>bysig</i> busy, <i>bysg-ian</i> to
busy + the verbal termination <i>-le</i>; or Icel. <i>bustla</i> to splash,
bustle.] <def>To move noisily; to be rudely active; to move in a way to
cause agitation or disturbance; as, to <i>bustle</i> through a
crowd.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And leave the world for me to <i>bustle</i> in.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bus"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Great stir; agitation;
tumult from stirring or excitement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A strange <i>bustle</i> and disturbance in the world.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bus"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of pad or cushion
worn on the back below the waist, by women, to give fullness to the skirts;
-- called also <i>bishop</i>, and <i>tournure</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bus"tler</hw> (b&ubreve;s"sl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
active, stirring person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bus"tling</hw> (b&ubreve;s"sl&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Agitated; noisy; tumultuous; characterized by confused activity; as, a
<i>bustling</i> crowd.</def> "A <i>bustling</i> wharf."
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Bus"to</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bustoes</b></plw> (&?;). [It.] <def>A bust; a statue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With some antick <i>bustoes</i> in the niches.<BR>
<i>Ashmole.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bus"y</hw> (b&ibreve;z"z&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>busi</i>, <i>bisi</i>, AS. <i>bysig</i>; akin to D. <i>bezig</i>, LG.
<i>besig</i>; cf. Skr. <i>bh&umacr;sh</i> to be active, busy.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Engaged in some business; hard at work (either
habitually or only for the time being); occupied with serious affairs; not
idle nor at leisure; as, a <i>busy</i> merchant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir, my mistress sends you word<BR>
That she is <i>busy</i>, and she can not come.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constantly at work; diligent; active.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Busy</i> hammers closing rivets up.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Religious motives . . . are so <i>busy</i> in the heart.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Crowded with business or activities; -- said of
places and times; as, a <i>busy</i> street.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To-morrow is a <i>busy</i> day.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Officious; meddling; foolish active.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On meddling monkey, or on <i>busy</i> ape.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Careful; anxious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diligent; industrious; assiduous; active; occupied;
engaged.</p>

<p><hw>Bus"y</hw> (b&ibreve;z"z&ybreve;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Busied</u> (b&ibreve;z"z&ibreve;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Busying</u>.] [AS. <i>bysgian</i>.]
<def>To make or keep busy; to employ; to engage or keep engaged; to occupy;
as, to <i>busy</i> one's self with books.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be it thy course to <i>busy</i> giddy minds<BR>
With foreign quarrels.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Bus"y*bod`y</hw> (-b&obreve;d`&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Busybodies</b></plw> (-b&obreve;d`&ibreve;z). <def>One
who officiously concerns himself with the affairs of others; a meddling
person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And not only idle, but tattlers also and <i>busybodies</i>,
speaking things which they ought not.<BR>
<i>1 Tim. v. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>But</hw> (b&ubreve;t), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>, <pos><i>adv. &
conj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bute</i>, <i>buten</i>, AS. <i>b&umacr;tan</i>,
without, on the outside, except, besides; pref. <i>be-</i> +
<i>&umacr;tan</i> outward, without, fr. <i>&umacr;t</i> out. Primarily,
<i>b&umacr;tan</i>, as well as <i>&umacr;t</i>, is an adverb. &radic;198.
See <u>By</u>, <u>Out</u>; cf. <u>About</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Except with; unless with; without.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So insolent that he could not go <i>but</i> either spurning
equals or trampling on his inferiors.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Touch not the cat <i>but</i> a glove.<BR>
<i>Motto of the Mackintoshes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Except; besides; save.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who can it be, ye gods! <i>but</i> perjured Lycon?<BR>
<i>E. Smith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, <i>but</i> is often used with other particles; as,
<i>but for</i>, without, had it not been for. "Uncreated <i>but for</i>
love divine."  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Excepting or excluding the fact that; save that;
were it not that; unless; -- elliptical, for <i>but that</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>but</i> my noble Moor is true of mind . . . it were
enough to put him to ill thinking.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Otherwise than that; that not; -- commonly,
after a negative, with <i>that</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It cannot be <i>but</i> nature hath some director, of
infinite power, to guide her in all her ways.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no question <i>but</i> the king of Spain will
reform most of the abuses.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Only; solely; merely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Observe <i>but</i> how their own principles combat one
another.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If they kill us, we shall <i>but</i> die.<BR>
<i>2 Kings vii. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A formidable man <i>but</i> to his friends.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>On the contrary; on the other hand; only; yet;
still; however; nevertheless; more; further; -- as connective of sentences
or clauses of a sentence, in a sense more or less exceptive or adversative;
as, the House of Representatives passed the bill, <i>but</i> the Senate
dissented; our wants are many, <i>but</i> quite of another kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now abideth faith hope, charity, these three; <i>but</i> the
greatest of these is charity.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. xiii. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>When pride cometh, then cometh shame; <i>but</i> with the
lowly is wisdom.<BR>
<i>Prov. xi. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>All but</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>All</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>But
and if</b></col>, <cd>but if; an attempt on the part of King James's
translators of the Bible to express the conjunctive and adversative force
of the Greek &?;.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>But and if</i> that servant say in his heart, My lord
delayeth his coming; . . . the lord of that servant will come in a day when
he looketh not for him.<BR>
<i>Luke xii. 45, 46.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>But if</b></col>, <cd>unless.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But this I read, that <i>but if</i> remedy<BR>
Thou her afford, full shortly I her dead shall see.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>But</u>, <u>However</u>, <u>Still</u>.  These
conjunctions mark <i>opposition</i> in passing from one thought or topic to
another. <i>But</i> marks the opposition with a medium degree of strength;
as, this is not winter, <i>but</i> it is almost as cold; he requested my
assistance, <i>but</i> I shall not aid him at present. <i>However</i> is
weaker, and throws the opposition (as it were) into the background; as,
this is not winter; it is, <i>however</i>, almost as cold; he required my
assistance; at present, <i>however</i>, I shall not afford him aid. The
plan, <i>however</i>, is still under consideration, and may yet be adopted.
<i>Still</i> is stronger than <i>but</i>, and marks the opposition more
emphatically; as, your arguments are weighty; <i>still</i> they do not
convince me. See <u>Except</u>, <u>However</u>.</p>

<p>&fist; "The chief error with <i>but</i> is to use it where <i>and</i> is
enough; an error springing from the tendency to use strong words without
sufficient occasion."  <i>Bain.</i></p>

<p><hw>But</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>But</u>, <pos><i>prep.,
adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos>] <def>The outer apartment or kitchen of a two-roomed
house; -- opposed to <i>ben</i>, the inner room.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>But</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>But</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A limit; a boundary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The end; esp. the larger or thicker end, or the
blunt, in distinction from the sharp, end. See 1st <u>Butt</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>But end</b></col>, <cd>the larger or thicker end; as, the <i>but
end</i> of a log; the <i>but end</i> of a musket. See <u>Butt</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>But</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Butted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Butting</u>.] <def>See
<u>Butt</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and <u>Abut</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"tane</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>but</i>yrum butter.
See <u>Butter</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An inflammable gaseous hydrocarbon,
C4H10, of the marsh gas, or paraffin, series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Butch"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bochere</i>,
<i>bochier</i>, OF. <i>bochier</i>, F. <i>boucher</i>, orig., slaughterer
of buck goats, fr. OF. <i>boc</i>, F. <i>bouc</i>, a buck goat; of German
or Celtic origin. See <u>Buck</u> the animal.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who slaughters animals, or dresses their flesh for market; one whose
occupation it is to kill animals for food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slaughterer; one who kills in large numbers,
or with unusual cruelty; one who causes needless loss of life, as in
battle.</def> "<i>Butcher</i> of an innocent child."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Butcher bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species of
shrike of the genus <i>Lanius</i>.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Lanius excubitor</i> is the common butcher bird of Europe.
In England, the bearded tit is sometimes called the <i>lesser butcher
bird</i>. The American species are <i>L.borealis</i>, or <i>northern
butcher bird</i>, and <i>L. Ludovicianus</i> or <i>loggerhead shrike</i>.
The name <i>butcher bird</i> is derived from its habit of suspending its
prey impaled upon thorns, after killing it.</p>

<p><col><b>Butcher's meat</b></col>, <cd>such flesh of animals slaughtered
for food as is sold for that purpose by butchers, as beef, mutton, lamb,
and pork.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Butch"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Butchered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Butchering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To kill or slaughter (animals)
for food, or for market; as, to <i>butcher</i> hogs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To murder, or kill, especially in an unusually
bloody or barbarous manner.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Ithocles] was murdered, rather <i>butchered</i>.<BR>
<i>Ford.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Butch"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
business of a butcher.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of slaughtering; the act of killing
cruelly and needlessly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That dreadful <i>butchering</i> of one another.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Butch"er*li*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Butchery
quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Butch"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a butcher; without
compunction; savage; bloody; inhuman; fell.</def> "The victim of a
<i>butcherly</i> murder."  <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What stratagems, how fell, how <i>butcherly</i>,<BR>
This deadly quarrel daily doth beget!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Butch"er's broom`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants
(<i>Ruscus</i>); esp. <i>R. aculeatus</i>, which has large red berries and
leaflike branches. See <u>Cladophyll</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Butch"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bocherie</i>
shambles, fr. F. <i>boucherie</i>. See <u>Butcher</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The business of a
butcher.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Murder or manslaughter, esp. when committed with
unusual barbarity; great or cruel slaughter.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The perpetration of human <i>butchery</i>.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A slaughterhouse; the shambles; a place where
blood is shed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like as an ox is hanged in the <i>butchery</i>.<BR>
<i>Fabyan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Murder; slaughter; carnage. See <u>Massacre</u>.</p>

<p><hw>But"ler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>boteler</i>, F.
<i>bouteillier</i> a bottle-bearer, a cupbearer, fr. LL.
<i>buticularius</i>, fr. <i>buticula</i> bottle. See <u>Bottle</u> a hollow
vessel.] <def>An officer in a king's or a nobleman's household, whose
principal business it is to take charge of the liquors, plate, etc.; the
head servant in a large house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>butler</i> and the baker of the king of Egypt.<BR>
<i>Gen. xl. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Your wine locked up, your <i>butler</i> strolled abroad.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>But"ler*age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>A duty of two shillings on every tun of wine imported into England by
merchant strangers; -- so called because paid to the king's butler for the
king.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>But"ler*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
butler.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ment</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviation of
<u>Abutment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A buttress of an
arch; the supporter, or that part which joins it to the upright
pier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>The mass of stone or solid work
at the end of a bridge, by which the extreme arches are sustained, or by
which the end of a bridge without arches is supported.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Butment cheek</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>the part of a
mortised timber surrounding the mortise, and against which the shoulders of
the tenon bear.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Butt</hw>, <hw>But</hw>  } (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>but</i> butt, aim (cf. <i>butte</i> knoll), or <i>bout</i>, OF.
<i>bot</i>, end, extremity, fr. <i>boter</i>, <i>buter</i>, to push, butt,
strike, F. <i>bouter</i>; of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>b&omacr;zan</i>,
akin to E. <i>beat</i>. See <u>Beat</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A limit; a bound; a goal; the extreme bound; the
end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here is my journey's end, here my <i>butt</i><BR>
And very sea mark of my utmost sail.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; As applied to land, the word is nearly synonymous with
<i>mete</i>, and signifies properly the end line or boundary; the
abuttal.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thicker end of anything. See
<u>But</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mark to be shot at; a target.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The groom his fellow groom at <i>butts</i> defies,<BR>
And bends his bow, and levels with his eyes.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person at whom ridicule, jest, or contempt is
directed; as, the <i>butt</i> of the company.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I played a sentence or two at my <i>butt</i>, which I
thought very smart.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A push, thrust, or sudden blow, given by the
head of an animal; as, the <i>butt</i> of a ram.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A thrust in fencing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To prove who gave the fairer <i>butt</i>,<BR>
John shows the chalk on Robert's coat.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A piece of land left unplowed at the end of a
field.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hay was growing upon headlands and <i>butts</i> in
cornfields.<BR>
<i>Burrill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A joint where
the ends of two objects come squarely together without scarfing or
chamfering; -- also called <i>butt joint</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The end of a connecting rod or other like piece, to which the boxing
is attached by the strap, cotter, and gib.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The portion of a half-coupling fastened to the end of a
hose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>The joint where two planks
in a strake meet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A kind of hinge used in hanging
doors, etc.; -- so named because fastened on the edge of the door, which
<i>butts</i> against the casing, instead of on its face, like the strap
hinge; also called <i>butt hinge</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Leather Trade)</i> <def>The thickest and
stoutest part of tanned oxhides, used for soles of boots, harness,
trunks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>The hut or shelter of the person who attends to
the targets in rifle practice.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Butt chain</b></col> <i>(Saddlery)</i>, <cd>a short chain
attached to the end of a tug.</cd> -- <col><b>Butt end</b></col>. <cd>The
thicker end of anything. See <i>But end</i>, under 2d <u>But</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Amen; and make me die a good old man!<BR>
That's the <i>butt end</i> of a mother's blessing.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>A butt's length</b></col>, <cd>the ordinary distance from the
place of shooting to the <i>butt</i>, or mark.</cd> -- <col><b>Butts and
bounds</b></col> <i>(Conveyancing)</i>, <cd>abuttals and boundaries. In
lands of the ordinary rectangular shape, <i>butts</i> are the lines at the
<i>ends</i> (F. <i>bouts</i>), and <i>bounds</i> are those on the
<i>sides</i>, or <i>sidings</i>, as they were formerly termed.</cd>
<i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Bead and butt</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bead</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Butt and butt</b></col>, <cd>joining end to
end without overlapping, as planks.</cd> -- <col><b>Butt weld</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a butt joint, made by welding together the flat ends,
or edges, of a piece of iron or steel, or of separate pieces, without
having them overlap. See <u>Weld</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Full butt</b></col>,
<cd>headfirst with full force.</cd> [Colloq.] "The corporal . . . ran
<i>full butt</i> at the lieutenant." <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Butt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Butted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Butting</u>.] [OE.
<i>butten</i>, OF. <i>boter</i> to push, F. <i>bouter</i>. See <u>Butt</u>
an end, and cf. <u>Boutade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To join at the
butt, end, or outward extremity; to terminate; to be bounded; to
abut.</def>  [Written also <i>but</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And Barnsdale there doth <i>butt</i> on Don's well-watered
ground.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrust the head forward; to strike by
thrusting the head forward, as an ox or a ram. [See <u>Butt</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A snow-white steer before thine altar led,<BR>
<i>Butts</i> with his threatening brows.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Butt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strike by thrusting the
head against; to strike with the head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two harmless lambs are <i>butting</i> one the other.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Butt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>botte</i>, <i>boute</i>, LL.
<i>butta</i>. Cf. <u>Bottle</u> a hollow vessel.] <def>A large cask or
vessel for wine or beer. It contains two hogsheads.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A wine <i>butt</i> contains 126 wine gallons (= 105 imperial
gallons, nearly); a beer <i>butt</i> 108 ale gallons (= about 110 imperial
gallons).</p>

<p><hw>Butt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
English flounder.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Butte</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Butt</u> a
bound.] <def>A detached low mountain, or high rising abruptly from the
general level of the surrounding plain; -- applied to peculiar elevations
in the Rocky Mountain region.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The creek . . . passes by two remarkable <i>buttes</i> of
red conglomerate.<BR>
<i>Ruxton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 197 !></p>

<p><hw>But"ter</hw> (b&ubreve;t"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>botere</i>, <i>butter</i>, AS. <i>butere</i>, fr. L. <i>butyrum</i>, Gr.
<grk>boy`tyron</grk>; either fr. <grk>boy`s</grk> ox, cow +
<grk>tyro`s</grk> cheese; or, perhaps, of Scythian origin. Cf. <u>Cow</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An oily, unctuous substance obtained from cream or
milk by churning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any substance resembling butter in degree of
consistence, or other qualities, especially, in old chemistry, the
chlorides, as <i>butter of antimony</i>, sesquichloride of antimony; also,
certain concrete fat oils remaining nearly solid at ordinary temperatures,
as <i>butter of cacao</i>, <i>vegetable butter</i>, <i>shea
butter</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Butter and eggs</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to
several plants having flowers of two shades of yellow, as <i>Narcissus
incomparabilis</i>, and in the United States to the toadflax (<i>Linaria
vulgaris</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Butter boat</b></col>, <cd>a small vessel
for holding melted butter at table.</cd> -- <col><b>Butter
flower</b></col>, <cd>the buttercup, a yellow flower.</cd> --
<col><b>Butter print</b></col>, <cd>a piece of carved wood used to mark
pats of butter; -- called also <i>butter stamp</i>.</cd> <i>Locke.</i> --
<col><b>Butter tooth</b></col>, <cd>either of the two middle incisors of
the upper jaw.</cd> -- <col><b>Butter tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
tree of the genus <i>Bassia</i>, the seeds of which yield a substance
closely resembling butter. The butter tree of India is the <i>B.
butyracea</i>; that of Africa is the Shea tree (<i>B. Parkii</i>). See
<u>Shea tree</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Butter trier</b></col>, <cd>a tool used
in sampling butter.</cd> -- <col><b>Butter wife</b></col>, <cd>a woman who
makes or sells butter; -- called also <i>butter woman</i>.</cd> [Obs. or
Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>But"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Buttered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Buttering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover or spread with
butter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know what's what. I know on which side<BR>
My bread is <i>buttered</i>.<BR>
<i>Ford.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To increase, as stakes, at every throw or every
game.</def> [Cant]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Butt"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, butts.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*ball`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The buffel duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*bird`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The rice bunting or bobolink; -- so called in the island of
Jamaica.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*bump`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>buttur</i>
the bittern + 5th <i>bump</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
bittern.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*bur`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
broad-leaved plant (<i>Petasites vulgaris</i>) of the Composite family,
said to have been used in England for wrapping up pats of butter.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*cup`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the genus <i>Ranunculus</i>, or crowfoot, particularly <i>R.
bulbosus</i>, with bright yellow flowers; -- called also
<i>butterflower</i>, <i>golden cup</i>, and <i>kingcup</i>. It is the
<i>cuckoobud</i> of Shakespeare.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter-fin`gered</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to let
things fall, or to let them slip away; slippery; careless.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*fish`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A name given to several different fishes, in allusion to their
slippery coating of mucus, as the <i>Stromateus triacanthus</i> of the
Atlantic coast, the <i>Epinephelus punctatus</i> of the southern coast, the
rock eel, and the kelpfish of New Zealand.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*fly`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Butterflies</b></plw> (&?;). [Perh. from the color of a yellow
species. AS. <i>buter-fl&emacr;ge</i>, <i>buttor-fle&oacute;ge</i>; cf. G.
<i>butterfliege</i>, D. <i>botervlieg</i>. See <u>Butter</u>, and
<u>Fly</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A general name for the numerous
species of diurnal Lepidoptera.</def>  [See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Aphrodite</u>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Asclepias butterfly</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Asclepias</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Butterfly fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the ocellated blenny (<i>Blennius ocellaris</i>)
of Europe. See <u>Blenny</u>. The term is also applied to the flying
gurnard.</cd> -- <col><b>Butterfly shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a shell of the genus <i>Voluta</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Butterfly
valve</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a kind of double clack valve,
consisting of two semicircular clappers or wings hinged to a cross rib in
the pump bucket. When open it somewhat resembles a butterfly in
shape.</cd></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*ine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A substance
prepared from animal fat with some other ingredients intermixed, as an
imitation of butter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The manufacturers ship large quantities of oleomargarine to
England, Holland, and other countries, to be manufactured into butter,
which is sold as <i>butterine</i> or suine.<BR>
<i>Johnson's Cyc.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*is</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same word as
<i>buttress</i>, noun, in a different application, F. <i>bouter</i> to
push.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A steel cutting instrument, with a long bent
shank set in a handle which rests against the shoulder of the operator. It
is operated by a thrust movement, and used in paring the hoofs of
horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*man`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Buttermen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who makes or sells
butter.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*milk`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The milk that
remains after the butter is separated from the cream.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*nut`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American tree (<i>Juglans cinerea</i>) of the Walnut
family, and its edible fruit; -- so called from the oil contained in the
latter. Sometimes called <i>oil nut</i> and <i>white walnut</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The nut of the <i>Caryocar
butyrosum</i> and <i>C. nuciferum</i>, of S. America; -- called also
<i>Souari nut</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter-scotch`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
candy, mainly composed of sugar and butter.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*weed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
annual composite plant of the Mississippi valley (<i>Senecio
lobatus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*weight`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Over
weight.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly it was a custom to give 18 ounces of butter for a
pound.</p>

<p><hw>But"ter*wort`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of low herbs (<i>Pinguicula</i>) having simple leaves which secrete
from their glandular upper surface a viscid fluid, to which insects adhere,
after which the margin infolds and the insects are digested by the plant.
The species are found mostly in the North Temperate zone.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
qualities, consistence, or appearance, of butter.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ter*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Butteries</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>botery</i>, <i>botry</i>; cf.
LL. <i>botaria</i> wine vessel; also OE. <i>botelerie</i>, fr. F.
<i>bouteillerie</i>, fr. <i>boutellie</i> bottle. Not derived from
<i>butter</i>. See <u>Bottle</u> a hollow vessel, <u>Butt</u> a cask.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An apartment in a house where butter, milk and
other provisions are kept.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that need a cool and fresh temper, as cellars, pantries,
and <i>butteries</i>, to the north.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A room in some English colleges where liquors,
fruit, and refreshments are kept for sale to the students.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the major Oxford kept the <i>buttery</i> bar.<BR>
<i>E. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cellar in which butts of wine are kept.</def>
<i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Buttery hatch</b></col>, <cd>a half door between the buttery or
kitchen and the hall, in old mansions, over which provisions were
passed.</cd>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Butt" hinge`</hw> (&?;). <def>See 1st <u>Butt</u>, 10.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"-thorn`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The common European starfish (<i>Asterias rubens</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ting</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An abuttal; a
boundary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without <i>buttings</i> or boundings on any side.<BR>
<i>Bp. Beveridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>But"ting joint`</hw>. <def>A joint between two pieces of timber or
wood, at the end of one or both, and either at right angles or oblique to
the grain, as the joints which the struts and braces form with the truss
posts; -- sometimes called <i>abutting joint</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Butt" joint`</hw> (&?;). <def>A joint in which the edges or ends of
the pieces united come squarely together instead of overlapping. See 1st
<u>Butt</u>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"tock</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Butt</u> an end.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part at the back of the hip, which, in man,
forms one of the rounded protuberances on which he sits; the
rump.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The convexity of a ship behind,
under the stern.</def>  <i>Mar. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>But"ton</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>boton</i>,
<i>botoun</i>, F. <i>bouton</i> button, bud, prop. something pushing out,
fr. <i>bouter</i> to push. See <u>Butt</u> an end.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A knob; a small ball; a small, roundish mass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A catch, of various forms and materials, used to
fasten together the different parts of dress, by being attached to one
part, and passing through a slit, called a <i>buttonhole</i>, in the other;
-- used also for ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bud; a germ of a plant.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece of wood or metal, usually flat and
elongated, turning on a nail or screw, to fasten something, as a
door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A globule of metal remaining on an assay cupel
or in a crucible, after fusion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Button hook</b></col>, <cd>a hook for catching a button and
drawing it through a buttonhole, as in buttoning boots and gloves.</cd> --
<col><b>Button shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small, univalve
marine shell of the genus <i>Rotella</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Button
snakeroot</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The American
composite genus <i>Liatris</i>, having rounded buttonlike heads of
flowers.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An American umbelliferous plant with
rigid, narrow leaves, and flowers in dense heads.</cd> -- <col><b>Button
tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus of trees (<i>Conocarpus</i>),
furnishing durable timber, mostly natives of the West Indies.</cd> --
<col><b>To hold by the button</b></col>, <cd>to detain in conversation to
weariness; to bore; to buttonhole.</cd></p>

<p><hw>But"ton</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Buttoned</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Buttoning</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>botonen</i>, OF. <i>botoner</i>, F.
<i>boutonner</i>. See <u>Button</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten with a button or buttons; to inclose or
make secure with buttons; -- often followed by <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a tall, fat, long-bodied man, <i>buttoned</i> up to
the throat in a tight green coat.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dress or clothe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>But"ton</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be fastened by a
button or buttons; as, the coat will not <i>button</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ton*ball`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Buttonwood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ton*bush`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
shrub (<i>Cephalanthus occidentalis</i>) growing by the waterside; -- so
called from its globular head of flowers. See <u>Capitulum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ton*hole`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hole or loop
in which a button is caught.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ton*hole`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hold at the
button or buttonhole; to detain in conversation to weariness; to bore; as,
he <i>buttonholed</i> me a quarter of an hour.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ton*mold`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A disk of bone,
wood, or other material, which is made into a button by covering it with
cloth.</def> [Written also <i>buttonmould</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Fossil buttonmolds</b></col>, <cd>joints of encrinites. See
<u>Encrinite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>But"tons</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boy servant, or
page, -- in allusion to the <i>buttons</i> on his livery.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>But"ton*weed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The name of several plants of the genera <i>Spermacoce</i> and
<i>Diodia</i>, of the Madder family.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ton*wood`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The <i>Platanus occidentalis</i>, or American plane tree, a large
tree, producing rough balls, from which it is named; -- called also
<i>buttonball tree</i>, and, in some parts of the United States,
<i>sycamore</i>. The California buttonwood is <i>P. racemosa</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ton*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ornamented with a
large number of buttons.</def>  "The <i>buttony</i> boy." <i>Thackeray.</i>
"My coat so blue and <i>buttony</i>."  <i>W. S. Gilbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>But"tress</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>butrasse</i>,
<i>boterace</i>, fr. F. <i>bouter</i> to push; cf. OF. <i>bouteret</i>
(nom. sing. and acc. pl. <i>bouterez</i>) buttress. See <u>Butt</u> an end,
and cf. <u>Butteris</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
projecting mass of masonry, used for resisting the thrust of an arch, or
for ornament and symmetry.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When an external projection is used merely to stiffen a wall, it
is a <i>pier</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which supports or strengthens.</def>
"The ground pillar and <i>buttress</i> of the good old cause of
nonconformity."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Flying buttress</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Flying
buttress</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>But"tress</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Buttressed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Buttressing</u>.] <def>To support with a buttress; to prop; to brace
firmly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To set it upright again, and to prop and <i>buttress</i> it
up for duration.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Butt" shaft`</hw> (&?;) <def>An arrow without a barb, for shooting
at butts; an arrow.</def> [Also <i>but shaft</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Butt" weld`</hw> (&?;). <def>See <i>Butt weld</i>, under
<u>Butt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Butt"weld`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To unite by a butt
weld.</def></p>

<p><hw>But"ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>One who
mines by contract, at so much per ton of coal or ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"tyl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>but</i>yrum butter +
<i>-yl</i>. See <u>Butter</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound radical,
regarded as butane, less one atom of hydrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"ty*lene</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Butyl</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of three metameric hydrocarbons,
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub>, of the ethylene series. They are gaseous or
easily liquefiable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu`ty*ra"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>butyrum</i>
butter. See <u>Butter</u>.] <def>Having the qualities of butter; resembling
butter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"ty*rate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of butyric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu*tyr"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, butter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Butyric acid</b></col>,
<cd>C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>.CO<sub>2</sub>H, an acid found in butter; an
oily, limpid fluid, having the smell of rancid butter, and an acrid taste,
with a sweetish aftertaste, like that of ether. There are two metameric
butyric acids, called in distinction the <i>normal-</i> and <i>iso-
butyric</i> acid. The normal butyric acid is the one common in rancid
butter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Bu"ty*rin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>A butyrate of glycerin; a fat contained in small quantity in milk,
which helps to give to butter its peculiar flavor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu`ty*rom"e*ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>butyrum</i>
butter + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for determining the amount of
fatty matter or butter contained in a sample of milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"ty*rone</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Butyr</i>ic + <i>-
one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid ketone obtained by heating calcium
butyrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"ty*rous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Butyraceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bux"e*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>buxeus</i>, fr.
<i>buxus</i> the box tree.] <def>Belonging to the box tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bux"ine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
alkaloid obtained from the <i>Buxus sempervirens</i>, or common box tree.
It is identical with <i>bebeerine</i>; -- called also
<i>buxina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bux"om</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>buxum</i>,
<i>boxom</i>, <i>buhsum</i>, pliable, obedient, AS. <i>b&omacr;csum</i>,
<i>b&umacr;hsum</i> (akin to D. <i>buigzaam</i> blexible, G.
<i>biegsam</i>); <i>b&umacr;gan</i> to bow, bend + <i>-sum</i>, E. <i>-
some</i>. See <u>Bow</u> to bend, and <u>-some</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Yielding; pliable or compliant; ready to obey; obedient; tractable;
docile; meek; humble.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So wild a beast, so tame ytaught to be,<BR>
And <i>buxom</i> to his bands, is joy to see.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I submit myself unto this holy church of Christ, to be ever
<i>buxom</i> and obedient to the ordinance of it.<BR>
<i>Foxe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the characteristics of health, vigor, and
comeliness, combined with a gay, lively manner; stout and rosy; jolly;
frolicsome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A daughter fair,<BR>
So <i>buxom</i>, blithe, and debonair.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A parcel of <i>buxom</i> bonny dames, that were laughing,
singing, dancing, and as merry as the day was long.<BR>
<i>Tatler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>--  <wf>Bux"om*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Bux"om*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Buy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bought</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Buying</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>buggen</i>, <i>buggen</i>, <i>bien</i>, AS.
<i>bycgan</i>, akin to OS. <i>buggean</i>, Goth. <i>bugjan</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To acquire the ownership of (property) by giving an
accepted price or consideration therefor, or by agreeing to do so; to
acquire by the payment of a price or value; to purchase; -- opposed to
<i>sell</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Buy</i> what thou hast no need of, and ere long thou wilt
sell thy necessaries.<BR>
<i>B. Franklin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To acquire or procure by something given or done
in exchange, literally or figuratively; to get, at a cost or sacrifice; to
<i>buy</i> pleasure with pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Buy</i> the truth and sell it not; also wisdom, and
instruction, and understanding.<BR>
<i>Prov. xxiii. 23.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To buy again</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Againbuy</u>.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To buy off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
influence to compliance; to cause to bend or yield by some consideration;
as, <i>to buy off</i> conscience.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To detach by
a consideration given; as, <i>to buy off</i> one from a party.</cd> --
<col><b>To buy out</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To buy off, or detach
from.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To purchase the share or
shares of in a stock, fund, or partnership, by which the seller is
separated from the company, and the purchaser takes his place; as, A
<i>buys out</i> B.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To purchase the entire
stock in trade and the good will of a business.</cd> -- <col><b>To buy
in</b></col>, <cd>to purchase stock in any fund or partnership.</cd> --
<col><b>To buy on credit</b></col>, <cd>to purchase, on a promise, in fact
or in law, to make payment at a future day.</cd> -- <col><b>To buy the
refusal</b></col> (of anything), <cd>to give a consideration for the right
of purchasing, at a fixed price, at a future time.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Buy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To negotiate or treat about a
purchase.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>buy</i> with you, sell with you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buy"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who buys; a
purchaser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buz</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Buzz</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Buzz</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Buzzed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Buzzing</u>.] [An onomatop&oelig;ia.] <def>To make a low, continuous,
humming or sibilant sound, like that made by bees with their wings. Hence:
To utter a murmuring sound; to speak with a low, humming voice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a wasp is <i>buzzed</i>, and stung him.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>However these disturbers of our peace<BR>
<i>Buzz</i> in the people's ears.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buzz</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sound
forth by buzzing.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To whisper; to communicate, as tales, in an
under tone; to spread, as report, by whispers, or secretly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>buzz</i> abroad such prophecies<BR>
That Edward shall be fearful of his life.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To talk to incessantly or confidentially in a
low humming voice.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>To sound with a "buzz".</def>
<i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buzz</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
continuous, humming noise, as of bees; a confused murmur, as of general
conversation in low tones, or of a general expression of surprise or
approbation.</def> "The constant <i>buzz</i> of a fly."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><! p. 198 !></p>

<p><blockquote>I found the whole room in a <i>buzz</i> of politics.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>buzz</i> all around regarding the sermon.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A whisper; a report spread secretly or
cautiously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There's a certain <i>buzz</i><BR>
Of a stolen marriage.<BR>
<i>Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>The audible friction of voice
consonants.</def>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buz"zard</hw> (b&ubreve;z"z&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [O.E.
<i>busard</i>, <i>bosard</i>, F. <i>busard</i>, fr. <i>buse</i>, L.
<i>buteo</i>, a kind of falcon or hawk.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird of prey of the Hawk
family, belonging to the genus <i>Buteo</i> and related genera.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Buteo vulgaris</i> is the common <i>buzzard</i> of Europe.
The American species (of which the most common are <i>B. borealis</i>,
<i>B. Pennsylvanicus</i>, and <i>B. lineatus</i>) are usually called <i>hen
hawks</i>. -- The rough-legged buzzard, or <i>bee hawk</i>, of Europe
(<i>Pernis apivorus</i>) feeds on bees and their larv&aelig;, with other
insects, and reptiles. -- The moor buzzard of Europe is <i>Circus
&aelig;ruginosus</i>. See <u>Turkey buzzard</u>, and <u>Carrion
buzzard</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Bald buzzard</b></col>, <cd>the fishhawk or osprey. See
<u>Fishhawk</u>.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blockhead; a dunce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is common, to a proverb, to call one who can not be
taught, or who continues obstinately ignorant, <i>a buzzard</i>.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buz"zard</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Senseless; stupid.</def>
[R. &amp; Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Buz"zard*et`</hw> (-&ebreve;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hawk resembling the buzzard, but with legs
relatively longer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buzz"er</hw> (b&ubreve;z"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, buzzes; a whisperer; a talebearer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And wants not <i>buzzers</i> to infect his ear<BR>
With pestilent speeches of his father's death.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Buzz"ing*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a buzzing
manner; with a buzzing sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buzz"saw`</hw> (&?;) <def>A circular saw; -- so called from the
buzzing it makes when running at full speed.</def></p>

<p><hw>By</hw> (b&imacr;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>bi</i>, AS.
<i>b&imacr;</i>, <i>big</i>, near to, by, of, from, after, according to;
akin to OS. &amp; OFries. <i>bi</i>, <i>be</i>, D. <i>bij</i>, OHG.
<i>b&imacr;</i>, G. <i>bei</i>, Goth. <i>bi</i>, and perh. Gr.
<grk>'amfi`</grk>. E. prefix <i>be-</i> is orig. the same word. &radic;203.
See <pos><i>pref.</i></pos> <u>Be-</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the
neighborhood of; near or next to; not far from; close to; along with; as,
come and sit <i>by</i> me.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>By</i> foundation or <i>by</i> shady rivulet<BR>
He sought them both.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>On; along; in traversing. Compare 5.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Long labors both <i>by</i> sea and land he bore.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>By</i> land, <i>by</i> water, they renew the charge.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Near to, while passing; hence, from one to the
other side of; past; as, to go <i>by</i> a church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Used in specifying adjacent dimensions; as, a
cabin twenty feet <i>by</i> forty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Against.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tyndale [1. Cor. iv.
4].</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>With, as means, way, process, etc.; through
means of; with aid of; through; through the act or agency of; as, a city is
destroyed <i>by</i> fire; profit is made <i>by</i> commerce; to take
<i>by</i> force.</def></p>

<p>To the meaning of <i>by</i>, as denoting means or agency, belong, more
or less closely, most of the following uses of the word:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> It points out the author and producer; as, "Waverley",
a novel <i>by</i> Sir W.Scott; a statue <i>by</i> Canova; a sonata
<i>by</i> Beethoven. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> In an oath or adjuration, it
indicates the being or thing appealed to as sanction; as, I affirm to you
<i>by</i> all that is sacred; he swears <i>by</i> his faith as a Christian;
no, <i>by</i> Heaven. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> According to; by direction,
authority, or example of; after; -- in such phrases as, it appears
<i>by</i> his account; ten o'clock <i>by</i> my watch; to live <i>by</i>
rule; a model to build <i>by</i>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> At the rate of;
according to the ratio or proportion of; in the measure or quantity of; as,
to sell cloth <i>by</i> the yard, milk <i>by</i> the quart, eggs <i>by</i>
the dozen, meat <i>by</i> the pound; to board <i>by</i> the year.
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> In comparison, it denotes the measure of excess or
deficiency; when anything is increased or diminished, it indicates the
measure of increase or diminution; as, larger <i>by</i> a half; older
<i>by</i> five years; to lessen <i>by</i> a third. <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> It
expresses continuance or duration; during the course of; within the period
of; as, <i>by</i> day, <i>by</i> night. <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> As soon as; not
later than; near or at; -- used in expressions of time; as, <i>by</i> this
time the sun had risen; he will be here <i>by</i> two o'clock.</p>

<p>In boxing the compass, <i>by</i> indicates a pint nearer to, or towards,
the next cardinal point; as, north <i>by</i> east, <i>i.e.</i>, a point
towards the east from the north; northeast <i>by</i> east, <i>i.e.</i>, on
point nearer the east than northeast is.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>With</i> is used instead of <i>by</i> before the instrument
with which anything is done; as, to beat one <i>with</i> a stick; the board
was fastened by the carpenter <i>with</i> nails. But there are many words
which may be regarded as means or processes, or, figuratively, as
instruments; and whether <i>with</i> or <i>by</i> shall be used with them
is a matter of arbitrary, and often, of unsettled usage; as, to a reduce a
town <i>by</i> famine; to consume stubble <i>with</i> fire; he gained his
purpose <i>by</i> flattery; he entertained them <i>with</i> a story; he
distressed us <i>with</i> or <i>by</i> a recital of his sufferings. see
<u>With</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>By all means</b></col>, <cd>most assuredly; without fail;
certainly.</cd> -- <col><b>By and by</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Close together (of place).</cd> [Obs.] "Two yonge knightes liggyng
[lying] <i>by and by</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Immediately; at once.</cd> [Obs.] "When . . . persecution ariseth
because of the word, <i>by and by</i> he is offended." <i>Matt. xiii.
21.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Presently; pretty soon; before long.</cd>
In this phrase, <i>by</i> seems to be used in the sense of <i>nearness in
time</i>, and to be repeated for the sake of emphasis, and thus to be
equivalent to "soon, <i>and soon</i>," that is instantly; hence, -- less
emphatically, -- pretty soon, presently. -- <col><b>By one's
self</b></col>, <cd>with only one's self near; alone; solitary.</cd>-
<col><b>By the bye</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bye</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>By
the head</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>having the bows lower than the
stern; -- said of a vessel when her head is lower in the water than her
stern. If her stern is lower, she is by the stern.</cd> -- <col><b>By the
lee</b></col>, <cd>the situation of a vessel, going free, when she has
fallen off so much as to bring the wind round her stern, and to take her
sails aback on the other side.</cd> -- <col><b>By the run</b></col>, <cd>to
let go <i>by the run</i>, to let go altogether, instead of slacking
off.</cd> -- <col><b>By the way</b></col>, <cd>by the bye; -- used to
introduce an incidental or secondary remark or subject.</cd> -<col><b>Day
by day</b></col>, <col><b>One by one</b></col>, <col><b>Piece by
piece</b></col>, etc., <cd>each day, each one, each piece, etc., by itself
singly or separately; each severally.</cd> -- <col><b>To come by</b></col>,
<cd>to get possession of; to obtain.</cd> -- <col><b>To do by</b></col>,
<cd>to treat, to behave toward.</cd> -- <col><b>To set by</b></col>, <cd>to
value, to esteem.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand by</b></col>, <cd>to aid, to
support.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; The common phrase good-by is equivalent to <i>farewell</i>, and
would be better written <i>good-bye</i>, as it is a corruption of <i>God be
with you</i> (<i>b'w'ye</i>).</p>

<p><hw>By</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Near;
in the neighborhood; present; as, there was no person <i>by</i> at the
time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Passing near; going past; past; beyond; as, the
procession has gone <i>by</i>; a bird flew <i>by</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Aside; as, to lay <i>by</i>; to put
<i>by</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>By</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Out of the common path;
aside; -- used in composition, giving the meaning of something aside,
secondary, or incidental, or collateral matter, a thing private or avoiding
notice; as, <i>by</i>-line, <i>by</i>-place, <i>by</i>-play, <i>by</i>-
street. It was formerly more freely used in composition than it is now; as,
<i>by</i>-business, <i>by</i>-concernment, <i>by</i>-design, <i>by</i>-
interest, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>By"ard</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piece of leather
crossing the breast, used by the men who drag sledges in coal
mines.</def></p>

<p><hw>By"-bid`der</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who bids at an
auction in behalf of the auctioneer or owner, for the purpose of running up
the price of articles.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>By"-blow`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
side or incidental blow; an accidental blow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With their <i>by-blows</i> they did split the very stones in
pieces.<BR>
<i>Bunyan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An illegitimate child; a bastard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Aga speedily . . . brought her [his disgraced slave] to
court, together with her pretty <i>by-blow</i>, the present Padre
Ottomano.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>By"-cor`ner</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A private
corner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Britain being a by-corner, out of the road of the world.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>By"-de*pend`ence</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An appendage;
that which depends on something else, or is distinct from the main
dependence; an accessory.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"-drink`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drinking between
meals.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Bye</hw> (b&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thing not directly aimed at; something which is a secondary object of
regard; an object by the way, etc.; as in <i>on</i> or <i>upon the bye</i>,
<i>i. e.</i>, in passing; indirectly; by implication.</def> [Obs. except in
the phrase <i>by the bye</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Synod of Dort condemneth upon the <i>bye</i> even the
discipline of the Church of England.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A run made upon a missed ball;
as, to steal a <i>bye</i>.</def>  <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><col><b>By the bye</b></col>, <cd>in passing; by way of digression;
apropos to the matter in hand.</cd> [Written also <i>by the by</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Bye</hw> (b&imacr;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>b&ymacr;</i>; cf.
Icel. <i>byg&eth;</i> dwelling, <i>byggja</i>, <i>b&umacr;a</i>, to dwell
&radic;97.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dwelling.</def>  <i>Gibson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In certain games, a station or place of an
individual player.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"-e*lec"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An election
held by itself, not at the time of a general election.</def></p>

<p><hw>By"-end`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Private end or
interest; secret purpose; selfish advantage.</def> [Written also <i>bye-
end</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"Profit or some other <i>by-end</i>."<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>By"gone`</hw> (b&imacr;"g&obreve;n`; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Past; gone by.</def> "<i>Bygone</i> fooleries." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"gone`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something gone by or
past; a past event.</def> "Let old <i>bygones</i> be"  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Let bygones be bygones</b></col>, <cd>let the past be
forgotten.</cd></p>

<p><hw>By"-in`ter*est</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Self-interest;
private advantage.</def>  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"land</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A peninsula.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>By"land*er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bilander</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>By"-lane`</hw> (b&imacr;"-l&amacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
private lane, or one opening out of the usual road.</def></p>

<p><hw>By"-law`</hw> (b&imacr;"-l&add;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw.
<i>bylag</i>, D. <i>bylov</i>, Icel. <i>b&ymacr;arl&ouml;g</i>, fr. Sw. &
Dan. <i>by</i> town, Icel. <i>b&aelig;r</i>, <i>byr</i> (fr.
<i>b&ucirc;a</i> to dwell) + the word for <i>law</i>; hence, a law for one
town, a special law.  Cf. <u>Birlaw</u> and see <u>Law</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A local or subordinate law; a private law or
regulation made by a corporation for its own government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was likewise a law to restrain the <i>by-laws</i>, or
ordinances of corporations.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The law or institution; to which are added two <i>by-
laws</i>, as a comment upon the general law.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A law that is less important than a general law
or constitutional provision, and subsidiary to it; a rule relating to a
matter of detail; as, civic societies often adopt a constitution and <i>by-
laws</i> for the government of their members. In this sense the word has
probably been influenced by <i>by</i>, meaning <i>secondary</i> or
<i>aside</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>By"-name`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nickname.</def>
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"name`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give a nickname
to.</def>  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"-pass</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A by-
passage, for a pipe, or other channel, to divert circulation from the usual
course.</def></p>

<p><hw>By"-pas`sage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A passage
different from the usual one; a byway.</def></p>

<p><hw>By"-past</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Past; gone by.</def>
"<i>By-past</i> perils."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"path`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Bypaths</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A private path; an obscure way;
indirect means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God known, my son,<BR>
By what <i>bypaths</i>, and indirect crooked ways,<BR>
I met this crown.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>By"-place`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A retired or
private place.</def></p>

<p><hw>By"play</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Action carried on
aside, and commonly in dumb show, while the main action proceeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>By"-prod`uct</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A secondary or
additional product; something produced, as in the course of a manufacture,
in addition to the principal product.</def></p>

<p><hw>Byre</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf, Icel. <i>b&uuml;r</i>
pantry, Sw. <i>bur</i> cage, Dan. <i>buur</i>, E. <i>bower</i>.] <def>A cow
house.</def> [N. of Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>By"-re*spect`</hw> (b&imacr;"r&esl;*sp&ebreve;kt`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Private end or view; by-interest.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"road`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A private or obscure
road.</def> "Through slippery <i>byroads</i>"  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"ron`ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or in
the style of, Lord Byron.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With despair and <i>Byronic misanthropy</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>By"-room`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A private room or
apartment.</def>  "Stand in some <i>by-room</i>"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>By*smot"ter*ed</hw> (b&isl;*sm&obreve;t"t&etilde;r*&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>p.a.</i></pos> [See <u>Besmut</u>.] <def>Bespotted with mud or
dirt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"-speech`</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An incidental or
casual speech, not directly relating to the point.</def> "To quote <i>by-
speeches</i>."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"-spell`</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>bigspell</i>.]
<def>A proverb.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Byss</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Byssus</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bys*sa"ceous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Byssus</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Byssuslike; consisting of fine fibers or threads, as
some very delicate filamentous alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bys*sif"er*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Byssus</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing a byssus or tuft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bys"sin</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Byssus</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bys"sine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>byssinus</i> made
of byssus, Gr. <grk>by`ssinos</grk> See <u>Byssus</u>.] <def>Made of silk;
having a silky or flaxlike appearance.</def>  <i>Coles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bys"soid</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Byssus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Byssaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bys"so*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?; See flax + <i>-
lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An olive-green fibrous variety of
hornblende.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bys"sus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Byssuses</b></plw> (&?;); L. <plw><b>Byssi</b></plw>. (&?;) [L.
<i>byssus</i> fine flax, fine linen or cotton, Gr. <grk>by`ssos</grk>
.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cloth of exceedingly fine texture, used by the
ancients. It is disputed whether it was of cotton, linen, or silk.</def>
[Written also <i>byss</i> and <i>byssin</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tuft of long, tough
filaments which are formed in a groove of the foot, and issue from between
the valves of certain bivalve mollusks, as the <i>Pinna</i> and
<i>Mytilus</i>, by which they attach themselves to rocks, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An obsolete name for certain fungi
composed of slender threads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Asbestus.</def></p>

<p><hw>By"stand`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>By</i> +
<i>stander</i>, equiv. to <i>stander-by</i>; cf. AS. <i>big-standan</i> to
stand by or near.] <def>One who stands near; a spectator; one who has no
concern with the business transacting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He addressed the <i>bystanders</i> and scattered pamphlets
among them.<BR>
<i>Palfrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Looker on; spectator; beholder; observer.</p>

<p><hw>By"-street`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A separate,
private, or obscure street; an out of the way or cross street.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He seeks <i>by-streets</i>, and saves the expensive
coach.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>By"-stroke`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An accidental or a
slyly given stroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>By"-turn`ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An obscure road;
a way turning from the main road.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"-view`</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A private or selfish
view; self-interested aim or purpose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>by-views</i> of his own shall mislead him.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>By"-walk`</hw>(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A secluded or private
walk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He moves afterward in <i>by-walks</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>By"-wash`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The outlet from a
dam or reservoir; also, a cut to divert the flow of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>By"way`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A secluded, private,
or obscure way; a path or road aside from the main one.</def> " Take no
<i>byways.</i>"  <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"-wipe`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A secret or side
stroke, as of raillery or sarcasm.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>By"word`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>b&iuml;word</i>;
<i>b&iuml;</i>, E. <i>by</i> + <i>word</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
common saying; a proverb; a saying that has a general currency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I knew a wise man that had it for a <i>byword</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The object of a contemptuous saying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou makest us a <i>byword</i> among the heathen.<BR>
<i>Ps. xliv. 14</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>By"work</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work aside from
regular work; subordinate or secondary business.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Byz"ant</hw> (&?;), <hw>Byz"an*tine</hw> (-&abreve;n"t&imacr;n)
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> } [OE. <i>besant</i>, <i>besaunt</i>, F.
<i>besant</i>, fr. LL. <i>Byzantius</i>, <i>Byzantinus</i>, fr.
<i>Byzantium</i>.] <i>(Numis.)</i> <def>A gold coin, so called from being
coined at Byzantium. <u>See Bezant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>By*zan"tian</hw> (b&ibreve;*z&abreve;n"sh<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Byzantine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>By*zan"tine</hw> (b&ibreve;*z&abreve;n"t&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Byzantium.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of Byzantium, now
Constantinople; sometimes, applied to an inhabitant of the modern city of
Constantinople.</def>  [ Written also <u>Bizantine</u>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Byzantine church</b></col>, <cd>the Eastern or Greek church, as
distinguished from the Western or Roman or Latin church. See under
<u>Greek</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Byzantine empire</b></col>, <cd>the Eastern
Roman or Greek empire from <u>a. d.</u> 364 or <u>a. d.</u> 395 to the
capture of Constantinople by the Turks, <u>a. d.</u> 1453.</cd> --
<col><b>Byzantine historians</b></col>, <cd>historians and writers
(Zonaras, Procopius, etc.) who lived in the Byzantine empire.</cd> <i>P.
Cyc.</i> -- <col><b>Byzantine style</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a style
of architecture developed in the Byzantine empire.</cd> Its leading forms
are the round arch, the dome, the pillar, the circle, and the cross. The
capitals of the pillars are of endless variety, and full of invention. The
mosque of St. Sophia, Constantinople, and the church of St. Mark, Venice,
are prominent examples of Byzantine architecture.</p>

<p><! p. 199 !></p>

<p><! p. 199 !></p>

<p><point26>C.</point26></p>

<p><hw>C</hw>. (s&emacr;) <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>C is the third
letter of the English alphabet. It is from the Latin letter C,
which in old Latin represented the sounds of <i>k</i>, and
<i>g</i> (in <i>go</i>); its original value being the latter. In
Anglo-Saxon words, or Old English before the Norman Conquest, it
always has the sound of <i>k</i>. The Latin C was the same letter
as the Greek &GAMMA;, &gamma;, and came from the Greek alphabet.
The Greeks got it from the Ph&oelig;nicians. The English name of
C is from the Latin name <i>ce</i>, and was derived, probably,
through the French. Etymologically C is related to <i>g</i>,
<i>h</i>, <i>k</i>, <i>q</i>, <i>s</i> (and other sibilant
sounds). Examples of these relations are in L. a<i>c</i>utus, E.
a<i>c</i>ute, a<i>g</i>ue; E. a<i>c</i>rid, ea<i>g</i>er,
vine<i>g</i>ar; L. <i>c</i>ornu, E. <i>h</i>orn; E. <i>c</i>at,
<i>k</i>itten; E. <i>c</i>oy, <i>q</i>uiet; L.
<i>c</i>ir<i>c</i>are, OF. <i>c</i>er<i>ch</i>ier, E.
<i>s</i>ear<i>ch</i>.</def></p>

<p>See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 221-228.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
keynote of the normal or "natural" scale, which has neither flats
nor sharps in its signature; also, the third note of the relative
minor scale of the same.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>C after
the clef is the mark of common time, in which each measure is a
semibreve (four fourths or crotchets); for <i>alla breve</i> time
it is written &?;.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The "C clef," a
modification of the letter C, placed on any line of the staff,
shows that line to be middle C.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>As a numeral, C stands for Latin
<i>centum</i> or 100, CC for 200, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>C spring</b></col>, <cd>a spring in the form of the
letter C.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*a"ba</hw> (k&adot;*&amacr;"b&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>ka'bah</i>, lit., a square building,
fr. <i>ka'b</i> cube.] <def>The small and nearly cubical stone
building, toward which all Mohammedans must pray.</def> [Written
also <i>kaaba</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Caaba</i> is situated in Mecca, a city of
Arabia, and contains a famous black stone said to have been
brought from heaven. Before the time of Mohammed, the
<i>Caaba</i> was an idolatrous temple, but it has since been the
chief sanctuary and object of pilgrimage of the Mohammedan
world.</p>

<p><hw>Caas</hw> (k&auml;s), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
<def>Case.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cab</hw> (k&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>cabriolet</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of close
carriage with two or four wheels, usually a public vehicle.</def>
"A <i>cab</i> came clattering up."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>cab</i> may have two seats at right angles to the
driver's seat, and a door behind; or one seat parallel to the
driver's, with the entrance from the side or front.</p>

<p><col><b>Hansom cab</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Hansom</u>.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The covered part of a locomotive, in
which the engineer has his station.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cab</hw> (k&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>qab</i>, fr. <i>q&amacr;bab</i> to hollow.] <def>A Hebrew dry
measure, containing a little over two (2.37) pints.</def>  <i>W.
H. Ward.</i> <i>2 Kings vi. 25.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*bal"</hw> (k&adot;*b&abreve;l"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>cabale</i> cabal, cabala, LL. <i>cabala</i> cabala, fr.
Heb. <i>qabb&amacr;l&emacr;h</i> reception, tradition, mysterious
doctrine, fr. <i>q&amacr;bal</i> to take or receive, in Pi&euml;l
<i>qibbel</i> to adopt (a doctrine).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tradition; occult doctrine. See <u>Cabala</u></def> [Obs.]
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A secret.</def> [Obs.] "The measuring
of the temple, a <i>cabal</i> found out but lately."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A number of persons united in some
close design, usually to promote their private views and
interests in church or state by intrigue; a secret association
composed of a few designing persons; a junto.</def></p>

<p>It so happend, by a whimsical coincidence, that in 1671 the
cabinet consisted of five persons, the initial letters of whose
names made up the word <i>cabal</i>; Clifford, Arlington,
Buckingham, Ashley, and Lauderdale.  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The secret artifices or machinations
of a few persons united in a close design; intrigue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By cursed <i>cabals</i> of women.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Junto; intrigue; plot; combination; conspiracy.
-- <u>Cabal</u>, <u>Combination</u>, <u>Faction</u>. An
association for some purpose considered to be bad is the idea
common to these terms. A <i>combination</i> is an organized union
of individuals for mutual support, in urging their demands or
resisting the claims of others, and may be good or bad according
to circumstances; as, a <i>combiniation</i> of workmen or of
employers to effect or to prevent a change in prices. A
<i>cabal</i> is a secret association of a few individuals who
seek by cunning practices to obtain office and power. A
<i>faction</i> is a larger body than a <i>cabal</i>, employed for
selfish purposes in agitating the community and working up an
excitement with a view to change the existing order of things.
"Selfishness, insubordination, and laxity of morals give rise to
<i>combinations</i>, which belong particularly to the lower
orders of society. Restless, jealous, ambitious, and little minds
are ever forming <i>cabals</i>. <i>Factions</i> belong especially
to free governments, and are raised by busy and turbulent spirits
for selfish purposes".  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*bal"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Caballed</u> (-b&abreve;ld"); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Caballing</u>]. [Cf. F. <i>cabaler</i>.]
<def>To unite in a small party to promote private views and
interests by intrigue; to intrigue; to plot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Caballing</i> still against it with the
great.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cab"a*la</hw> (k&abreve;b"&adot;*l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. See <u>Cabal</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of occult theosophy or traditional
interpretation of the Scriptures among Jewish rabbis and certain
medi&aelig;val Christians, which treats of the nature of god and
the mystery of human existence. It assumes that every letter,
word, number, and accent of Scripture contains a hidden sense;
and it teaches the methods of interpretation for ascertaining
these occult meanings. The cabalists pretend even to foretell
events by this means.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Secret science in general; mystic art;
mystery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cab"a*lism</hw> (k&abreve;b"&adot;*l&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>cabalisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The secret science of the
cabalists.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A superstitious devotion to the
mysteries of the religion which one professes.</def> [R]
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cab"a*list</hw> (-l&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>cabaliste</i>.] <def>One versed in the cabala, or the
mysteries of Jewish traditions.</def> "Studious cabalists."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cab`a*lis"tic</hw>
(k&abreve;b`&adot;*l&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<hw>Cab`a*lis"tic*al</hw> (-t&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the cabala;
containing or conveying an occult meaning; mystic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Heptarchus is a <i>cabalistic</i> exposition
of the first chapter of Genesis</blockquote>. <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cab`a*lis"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
cabalistic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cab"a*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cabaliser</i>.] <def>To use cabalistic language.</def> [R]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*bal"ler</hw> (k&adot;*b&abreve;l"l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who cabals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A close <i>caballer</i> and tongue-valiant
lord.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cab"al*line</hw> (k&abreve;b"<i>a</i>l*l&imacr;n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>caballinus</i>, fr. <i>caballus</i> a
nag. Cf.  <u>Cavalier</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
horse.</def>   -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Caballine
aloes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Caballine aloes</b></col>, <cd>an inferior and impure
kind of aloes formerly used in veterinary practice; -- called
also <i>horse aloes</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Caballine
spring</b></col>, <cd>the fountain of Hippocrene, on Mount
Helicon; -- fabled to have been formed by a stroke from the foot
of the winged horse Pegasus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cab"a*ret</hw> (k&abreve;b"&adot;*r&ebreve;t; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A tavern; a house where liquors
are retailed.</def> [Obs. as an English word.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ca*bas"</hw> (k&adot;*b&auml;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>A flat basket or frail for figs, etc.; hence, a lady's
flat workbasket, reticule, or hand bag; -- often written
<i>caba</i>.</def>  <i>C. Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*bas"sou</hw> (k&adot;*b&abreve;s"s&oomac;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of
armadillo of the genus <i>Xenurus</i> (<i>X. unicinctus</i> and
<i>X. hispidus</i>); the tatouay.</def> [Written also
<i>kabassou</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cab"bage</hw> (k&abreve;b"b&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>cabage</i>, fr. F. <i>cabus</i> headed (of cabbages),
chou <i>cabus</i> headed cabbage, cabbage head; cf. It.
<i>capuccio</i> a little head, <i>cappuccio</i> cowl, hood,
cabbage, fr. <i>capo</i> head, L. <i>caput</i>, or fr. It.
<i>cappa</i> cape. See <u>Chief</u>, <u>Cape</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An esculent vegetable of many varieties,
derived from the wild <i>Brassica oleracea</i> of Europe. The
common cabbage has a compact head of leaves. The cauliflower,
Brussels sprouts, etc., are sometimes classed as
cabbages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The terminal bud of certain palm
trees, used, like, cabbage, for food. See <i>Cabbage tree</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The cabbage palmetto. See
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cabbage aphis</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
green plant-louse (<i>Aphis brassic&aelig;</i>) which lives upon
the leaves of the cabbage.</cd> -- <col><b>Cabbage
beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small, striped flea-
beetle (<i>Phyllotreta vittata</i>) which lives, in the larval
state, on the roots, and when adult, on the leaves, of cabbage
and other cruciferous plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Cabbage
butterfly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a white butterfly
(<i>Pieris rap&aelig;</i> of both Europe and America, and the
allied <i>P. oleracea</i>, a native American species) which, in
the larval state, devours the leaves of the cabbage and the
turnip. See <i>Cabbage worm</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Cabbage
fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small two-winged fly
(<i>Anthomyia brassic&aelig;</i>), which feeds, in the larval or
maggot state, on the roots of the cabbage, often doing much
damage to the crop.</cd> -- <col><b>Cabbage head</b></col>,
<cd>the compact head formed by the leaves of a cabbage; --
contemptuously or humorously, and colloquially, a very stupid and
silly person; a numskull.</cd> -- <col><b>Cabbage
palmetto</b></col>, <cd>a species of palm tree (<i>Sabal
Palmetto</i>) found along the coast from North Carolina to
Florida.</cd> -- <col><b>Cabbage rose</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a species of rose (<i>Rosa centifolia</i>) having large and
heavy blossoms.</cd> -- <col><b>Cabbage tree</b></col>,
<col><b>Cabbage palm</b></col>, <cd>a name given to palms having
a terminal bud called a <i>cabbage</i>, as the <i>Sabal
Palmetto</i> of the United States, and the <i>Euterpe
oleracea</i> and <i>Oreodoxa oleracea</i> of the West
Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Cabbage worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of several species of moths
and butterflies, which attacks cabbages. The most common is
usually the larva of a white butterfly. See <i>Cabbage
butterfly</i>, above. The cabbage cutworms, which eat off the
stalks of young plants during the night, are the larv&aelig; of
several species of moths, of the genus <i>Agrotis</i>. See
<u>Cutworm</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea
cabbage</b></col>.<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Sea
kale</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>. <cd>The original Plant
(<i>Brassica oleracea</i>), from which the cabbage, cauliflower,
broccoli, etc., have been derived by cultivation.</cd> --
<col><b>Thousand-headed cabbage</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Brussels
sprouts</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cab"bage</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form a head
like that the cabbage; as, to make lettuce <i>cabbage</i>.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cab"bage</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p</i></pos> <u>Cabbaged</u> (-b&asl;jd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cabbaging</u> (-b&asl;*j&ibreve;ng).] [F.
<i>cabasser</i>, fr. OF. <i>cabas</i> theft; cf. F. <i>cabas</i>
basket, and OF. <i>cabuser</i> to cheat.] <def>To purloin or
embezzle, as the pieces of cloth remaining after cutting out a
garment; to pilfer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your tailor . . . <i>cabbages</i> whole yards of
cloth.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cab"bage</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cloth or
clippings cabbaged or purloined by one who cuts out
garments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cab"bler</hw> (k&abreve;b"bl&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who works at cabbling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cab"bling</hw> (-bl&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The process of breaking up the flat masses
into which wrought iron is first hammered, in order that the
pieces may be reheated and wrought into bar iron.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ca*be"&ccedil;a</hw> (k&adot;*b&asl;"s&adot;),
<hw>||Ca*besse"</hw> (k&adot;*b&ebreve;s"), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>cabe&ccedil;a</i>, F.
<i>cabesse</i>.] <def>The finest kind of silk received from
India.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"ber</hw> (k&amacr;"b&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gael] <def>A pole or beam used in Scottish games for tossing as
a trial of strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cab`e*zon"</hw> (k&abreve;b`&asl;*z&obreve;n" <i>or</i>
k&auml;*b&asl;*th&osl;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., properly,
big head. Cf. <u>Cavesson</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
California fish (<i>Hemilepidotus spinosus</i>), allied to the
sculpin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cab"i*ai</hw> (k&abreve;b"&ibreve;*&imacr;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native South American name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The capybara. See
<u>Capybara</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cab"in</hw> (k&abreve;b"&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>caban</i>, fr. W. <i>caban</i> booth, cabin, dim. of
<i>cab</i> cot, tent; or fr. F. <i>cabane</i>, <i>cabine</i>, LL.
<i>cabanna</i>, perh. from the Celtic.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
cottage or small house; a hut.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A hunting <i>cabin</i> in the west.<BR>
<i>E. Everett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small room; an inclosed
place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So long in secret <i>cabin</i> there he held<BR>
Her captive.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A room in ship for officers or
passengers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cabin boy</b></col>, <cd>a boy whose duty is to wait
on the officers and passengers in the cabin of a ship.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cab"in</hw> <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cabined</u> (-&ibreve;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cabining</u>.] <def>To live in, or as in, a
cabin; to lodge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll make you . . . <i>cabin</i> in a cave.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cab"in</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To confine in,
or as in, a cabin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>cabined</i>, cribbed, confined, bound
in<BR>
To saucy doubts and fears.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cab"i*net</hw> (k&abreve;b"&ibreve;*n&ebreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of <i>cabine</i> or <i>cabane</i>.
See <u>Cabin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
hut; a cottage; a small house.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hearken a while from thy green <i>cabinet</i>,<BR>
The rural song of careful Colinet.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small room, or retired apartment; a
closet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A private room in which consultations
are held.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Philip passed some hours every day in his father's
<i>cabinet</i>.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The advisory council of the chief
executive officer of a nation; a cabinet council.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, the <i>cabinet</i> or <i>cabinet
council</i> consists of those privy councilors who actually
transact the immediate business of the government. <i>Mozley &
W.</i> -- In the United States, the <i>cabinet</i> is composed of
the heads of the executive departments of the government, namely,
the Secretary of State, of the Treasury, of War, of the Navy, of
the Interior, and of Agiculture, the Postmaster-general, and the
Attorney-general.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A set of drawers
or a cupboard intended to contain articles of value. Hence:</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A decorative piece of furniture, whether
open like an &eacute;tag&egrave;re or closed with doors. See
<u>&Eacute;tag&egrave;re</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Any building or room set apart for the
safe keeping and exhibition of works of art, etc.; also, the
collection itself.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cabinet council</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Same as <u>Cabinet</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4 (of which
body it was formerly the full title).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A meeting of the cabinet.</cd> -- <col><b>Cabinet
councilor</b></col>, <cd>a member of a cabinet council.</cd> --
<col><b>Cabinet photograph</b></col>, <cd>a photograph of a size
smaller than an imperial, though larger than a <i>carte de
visite</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cabinet picture</b></col>, <cd>a
small and generally highly finished picture, suitable for a small
room and for close inspection.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cab"i*net</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable for a
cabinet; small.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Varnhagen von Ense] is a walking
<i>cabinet</i> edition of Goethe.<BR>
<i>For. Quar. Rev.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cab"i*net</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <pos><i>Cabineted</i></pos>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cabineting</u>.] <def>To inclose</def> [R.]
<i>Hewyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cab"i*net*mak`er</hw> (-m&amacr;k`&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose occupation is to make
cabinets or other choice articles of household furniture, as
tables, bedsteads, bureaus, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cab"i*net*mak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art
or occupation of making the finer articles of household
furniture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cab"i*net*work`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The art or occupation of working upon wooden furniture
requiring nice workmanship; also, such furniture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cab`i*re"an</hw> (k&abreve;b`&ibreve;*r&emacr;"<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Cabiri.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*bi"ri</hw> (k&adot;*b&imacr;"r&imacr;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [ NL., fr. Gr. <i><grk>Ka`beiroi</grk></i>.]
<i>(Myth.)</i> <def>Certain deities originally worshiped with
mystical rites by the Pelasgians in Lemnos and Samothrace and
afterwards throughout Greece; -- also called sons of
Heph&aelig;stus (or Vulcan), as being masters of the art of
working metals.</def> [Written also <i>Cabeiri</i>.]  <i>Liddell
& Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*bir"i*an</hw> (k&adot;*b&ibreve;r"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Cabiric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*bir"ic</hw> (k&adot;*b&ibreve;r"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>Cabirique</i>] <def>Of or
pertaining to the Cabiri, or to their mystical worship.</def>
[Written also <i>Cabiritic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca"ble</hw> (k&amacr;"b'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>c&acirc;ble</i>, LL. <i>capulum</i>, <i>caplum</i>, a rope,
fr. L. <i>capere</i> to take; cf. D., Dan., &amp; G. <i>kabel</i>,
from the French. See <u>Capable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
large, strong rope or chain, of considerable length, used to
retain a vessel at anchor, and for other purposes. It is made of
hemp, of steel wire, or of iron links.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rope of steel wire, or copper wire,
usually covered with some protecting or insulating substance; as,
the <i>cable</i> of a suspension bridge; a telegraphic
<i>cable</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch)</i> <def>A molding, shaft of a
column, or any other member of convex, rounded section, made to
resemble the spiral twist of a rope; -- called also <i>cable
molding</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bower cable</b></col>, <cd>the cable belonging to the
bower anchor.</cd> -- <col><b>Cable road</b></col>, <cd>a railway
on which the cars are moved by a continuously running endless
rope operated by a stationary motor.</cd> -- <col><b>Cable's
length</b></col>, <cd>the length of a ship's cable. Cables in the
merchant service vary in length from 100 to 140 fathoms or more;
but as a maritime measure, a cable's length is either 120 fathoms
(720 feet), or about 100 fathoms (600 feet, an approximation to
one tenth of a nautical mile).</cd> -- <col><b>Cable
tier</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>That part of a vessel
where the cables are stowed.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A coil
of a cable.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheet cable</b></col>, <cd>the cable
belonging to the sheet anchor.</cd> -- <col><b>Stream
cable</b></col>, <cd>a hawser or rope, smaller than the bower
cables, to moor a ship in a place sheltered from wind and heavy
seas.</cd> -- <col><b>Submarine cable</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Telegraph</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To pay out the cable</b></col>,
<col><b>To veer out the cable</b></col>, <cd>to slacken it, that
it may run out of the ship; to let more cable run out of the
hawse hole.</cd> -- <col><b>To serve the cable</b></col>, <cd>to
bind it round with ropes, canvas, etc., to prevent its being,
worn or galled in the hawse, et.</cd> -- <col><b>To slip the
cable</b></col>, <cd>to let go the end on board and let it all
run out and go overboard, as when there is not time to weigh
anchor. Hence, in sailor's use, to die.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 200 !></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ble</hw> (k&amacr;"b'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten with a cable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>To ornament with
cabling.  See <u>Cabling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cabled</u> (-b'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cabling</u> (-bl&obreve;ng).] <def>To telegraph
by a submarine cable</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><hw>Ca"bled</hw> (-b'ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fastened with, or attached to, a cable or
rope.</def> "The <i>cabled</i> stone."  <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Adorned with
cabling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ble*gram`</hw> (k&amacr;"b'l*gr&abreve;m`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cable</i>, n. + Gr. <grk>gra`mma</grk> a
writing, a letter.] <def>A message sent by a submarine
telegraphic cable.</def> [A recent hybrid, sometimes found in the
newspapers.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca"ble*laid`</hw> (-l&amacr;d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Composed of three three-
stranded ropes, or hawsers, twisted together to form a
cable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Twisted after the manner of a cable;
as, a <i>cable-laid</i> gold chain.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca"blet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>cable</i>; cf. F. <i>c&acirc;blot</i>.] <def>A little cable
less than ten inches in circumference.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The decoration of a fluted shaft of a column or of a
pilaster with reeds, or rounded moldings, which seem to be laid
in the hollows of the fluting. These are limited in length to
about one third of the height of the shaft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cab"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cabmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The driver of a
cab.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*bob"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hindi
<i>kab&amacr;b</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of
mutton or other meat roasted on a skewer; -- so called in Turkey
and Persia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A leg of mutton roasted, stuffed with
white herrings and sweet herbs.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*bob"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To roast, as a
cabob.</def>  <i>Sir. T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*boched"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>caboche</i> head. Cf. 1st <u>Cabbage</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Showing the full face, but nothing of the neck; -- said of
the head of a beast in armorial bearing.</def> [Written also
<i>caboshed</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*boo"dle</hw> (k&adot;*b&oomac;"d'l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The whole collection; the entire
quantity or number; -- usually in the phrase <i>the whole
caboodle</i>.</def> [Slang, U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*boose"</hw> (k&adot;*b&oomac;s"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. D. <i>kabuis</i>, <i>kombuis</i>, Dan. <i>kabys</i>, Sw.
<i>kabysa</i>, G. <i>kabuse</i> a little room or hut. The First
part of the word seems to be allied to W. <i>cab</i> cabin,
booth. Cf. <u>Cabin</u>.] [Written also <i>camboose</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A house on deck, where the
cooking is done; -- commonly called the <i>galley</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A car used on
freight or construction trains for brakemen, workmen, etc.; a
tool car.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cab"o*tage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cabotage</i>, fr. <i>caboter</i> to sail along the coast; cf.
Sp. <i>cabo</i> cape.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Navigation along the
coast; the details of coast pilotage.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*br&eacute;e"</hw> (k&adot;*br&aslc;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [French Canadian.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pronghorn antelope.</def> [Also written <i>cabrit</i>,
<i>cabret</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*brer"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>An apple-green mineral, a hydrous arseniate of nickel,
cobalt, and magnesia; -- so named from the Sierra <i>Cabrera</i>,
Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*bril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., prawn.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>A name applied to various species of
edible fishes of the genus <i>Serranus</i>, and related genera,
inhabiting the Meditarranean, the coast of California, etc.  In
California, some of them are also called <i>rock bass</i> and
<i>kelp salmon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cab"ri*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Cabriolet</u>, and cf. <u>Capriole</u>.] <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A
curvet; a leap. See <u>Capriole</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cabrioles</i> which his charger
exhibited.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cab`ri*o*let"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F., dim. of
<i>cabriole</i> a leap, caper, from It. <i>capriola</i>, fr. dim.
of L. <i>caper</i> he-goat, <i>capra</i> she-goat. This carriage
is so called from its skipping lightness. Cf. <u>Cab</u>,
<u>Caper</u> a leap.] <def>A one-horse carriage with two seats
and a calash top.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*brit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Cabr&eacute;e</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cab"urn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Cable</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small line made of
spun yarn, to bind or worm cables, seize tackles, etc.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>||Ca*c&aelig;"mi*a</hw>
(k&adot;*s&emacr;"m&ibreve;*&adot;), <hw>||Ca*ch&aelig;"mi*a</hw>
(k&adot;*k&esl;"m&ibreve;*&adot;),} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>kako`s</grk> bad+ <grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A degenerated or poisoned condition of the
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*ca"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The essential principle of cacao; -- now called
<i>theobromine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*ca*j&atilde;o"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>A South American short-tailed monkey
(<i>Pithecia melanocephala</i> or <i>Brachyurus
melanocephala</i>).</def> [Written also <i>cacajo</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*ca"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr. Mex.
<i>kakahuatl</i>. Cf. <u>Cocoa</u>, <u>Chocolate</u>]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small evergreen tree (<i>Theobroma
Cacao</i>) of South America and the West Indies. Its fruit
contains an edible pulp, inclosing seeds about the size of an
almond, from which cocoa, chocolate, and broma are
prepared.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cach"a*lot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cachalot</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sperm whale
(<i>Physeter macrocephalus</i>).  It has in the top of its head a
large cavity, containing an oily fluid, which, after death,
concretes into a whitish crystalline substance called
<i>spermaceti</i>. See <u>Sperm whale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cache</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a hiding
place, fr. <i>cacher</i> to conceal, to hide.] <def>A hole in the
ground, or hiding place, for concealing and preserving provisions
which it is inconvenient to carry.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*chec"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Ca*chec"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cachecticus</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;: cf. F. <i>cachectique</i>.]
<def>Having, or pertaining to, cachexia; as, <i>cachectic</i>
remedies; <i>cachectical</i> blood.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cache`pot"</hw> (k&adot;sh`p&osl;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>cacher</i> to hide + <i>pot</i>
a pot.] <def>An ornamental casing for a flowerpot, of porcelain,
metal, paper, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cach"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. fr.
<i>cacher</i> to hide.] <def>A seal, as of a letter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lettre de cachet</b></col> [F.], <cd>a sealed letter,
especially a letter or missive emanating from the sovereign; --
much used in France before the Revolution as an arbitrary order
of imprisonment.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ca*chex"i*a</hw> (?), <hw>Ca*chex"y</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cachexia</i>, Gr.
<grk>kachexi`a</grk>; <grk>kako`s</grk> bad + <grk>"e`xis</grk>
condition.] <def>A condition of ill health and impairment of
nutrition due to impoverishment of the blood, esp. when caused by
a specific morbid process (as cancer or tubercle).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cach`in*na"tion</hw>
(k&abreve;k`&ibreve;n*n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>cachinnatio</i>, fr. <i>cachinnare</i> to laugh aloud, cf.
Gr. <grk>kacha`zein</grk>.] <def>Loud or immoderate laughter; --
often a symptom of hysterical or maniacal affections.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hideous grimaces . . . attended this unusual
<i>cachinnation</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*chin"na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of, or accompanied by, immoderate
laughter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cachinnatory</i> buzzes of approval.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*chi"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
fermented liquor made in Cayenne from the grated root of the
manioc, and resembling perry.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cach"o*long</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cacholong</i>, said to be from <i>Cach</i>, the name of a
river in Bucharia + <i>cholon</i>, a Calmuck word for
<i>stone</i>; or fr. a Calmuck word meaning "beautiful stone"]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>An opaque or milk-white chalcedony, a variety
of quartz; also, a similar variety of opal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca`chou"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<i>Cashoo</i>.] <def>A silvered aromatic pill, used to correct
the odor of the breath.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*chu"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>An
Andalusian dance in three-four time, resembling the bolero.</def>
[Sometimes in English spelled <i>cachuca</i> (&?;).]</p>

<p><blockquote>The orchestra plays the <i>cachucha</i>.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*chun"de</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A pastil or troche, composed of various
aromatic and other ingredients, highly celebrated in India as an
antidote, and as a stomachic and antispasmodic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*cique"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>See
Cazique.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cack</hw> (k&abreve;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cakken</i>, fr. L. <i>cacare</i>; akin to Gr.
<grk>kakka^n</grk>, and to OIr. <i>cacc</i> dung; cf. AS.
<i>cac</i>.] <def>To ease the body by stool; to go to
stool.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cack"er*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>caquerel
cagarel</i> (<i>Cotgr</i>.), from the root of E. <i>cack</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The mendole; a small worthless
Mediterranean fish considered poisonous by the ancients. See
<u>Mendole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cac"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cackled</u> (-k'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cackling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>cakelen</i>; cf. LG.
<i>kakeln</i>, D. <i>kakelen</i>, G. <i>gackeln</i>,
<i>gackern</i>; all of imitative origin. Cf. <u>Gagle</u>,
<u>Cake</u> to cackle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a sharp,
broken noise or cry, as a hen or goose does.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When every goose is <i>cackling</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To laugh with a broken noise, like the
cackling of a hen or a goose; to giggle.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To talk in a silly manner; to
prattle.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cac"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The sharp broken noise made by a goose or by a hen that has
laid an egg.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By her <i>cackle</i> saved the state.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Idle talk; silly prattle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a buzz and <i>cackle</i> all around
regarding the sermon.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cac"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fowl that cackles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who prattles, or tells tales; a
tattler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cac"kling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The broken noise
of a goose or a hen.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Cac`o*chym"i*a</hw> (?), <hw>Cac"o*chym`y</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>cacochymia</i>, fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;; <grk>kako`s</grk> bad +
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; juice: cf. F. <i>cacochymie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A vitiated state of the humors, or fluids, of the body,
especially of the blood.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cac`o*chym"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Cac`o*chym"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the fluids of the body vitiated,
especially the blood.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cac`o*de"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;; <grk>kako`s</grk> bad +
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; demon: cf. F. <i>cacod&eacute;mon</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An evil spirit; a devil or demon.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The nightmare.</def>
<i>Dunaglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cac`o*dox"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Heretical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cac"o*dox`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; perverted opinion; <grk>kako`s</grk>
bad + &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; opinion.] <def>Erroneous doctrine; heresy;
heterodoxy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Heterodoxy, or what Luther calls
<i>cacodoxy</i>.<BR>
<i>R. Turnbull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cac"o*dyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; ill-smelling (<grk>kako`s</grk> bad +
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to smell) + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Alkarsin; a colorless, poisonous, arsenical liquid,
As<sub>2</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>, spontaneously
inflammable and possessing an intensely disagreeable odor. It is
the type of a series of compounds analogous to the nitrogen
compounds called hydrazines.</def> [Written also <i>cacodyle</i>,
and <i>kakodyl</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cac`o*dyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, cacodyl.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cacodylic acid</b></col>, <cd>a white, crystalline,
deliquescent substance, (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>AsO.OH,
obtained by the oxidation of cacodyl, and having the properties
of an exceedingly stable acid; -- also called
<i>alkargen</i>.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>||Cac`o*&euml;"thes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; of ill habits, &?;&?;
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; an ill habit; <grk>kako`s</grk>  bad +
&?; habit] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bad custom or habit; an
insatiable desire; as, <i>caco&euml;thes scribendi</i>, "The itch
for writing".</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A bad quality or
disposition in a disease; an incurable ulcer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cac`o*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kako`s</grk> bad + &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; stomach.]
<def>Troubled with bad digestion.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cac`o*graph`ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or characterized by, cacography; badly
written or spelled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*cog`ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kako`s</grk> bad + <i>-graphy</i>; cf. F.
<i>cacographie</i>.] <def>Incorrect or bad writing or
spelling.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`co*let"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
chair, litter, or other contrivance fitted to the back or pack
saddle of a mule for carrying travelers in mountainous districts,
or for the transportation of the sick and wounded of an
army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kako`s</grk> bad + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>cacologie</i>.]
<def>Bad speaking; bad choice or use of words.</def>
<i>Buchanan.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ca`co*mix"le</hw> (?), <hw>Ca`co*mix"tle</hw> (?),
<hw>Ca"co*mix`l</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mexican name.]
<def>A North American carnivore (<i>Bassaris astuta</i>), about
the size of a cat, related to the raccoons. It inhabits Mexico,
Texas, and California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*coon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
seeds or large beans of a tropical vine (<i>Entada scandens</i>)
used for making purses, scent bottles, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cac`o*phon"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Cac`o*phon"ic*al</hw> (?),
<hw>Ca*coph"o*nous</hw> (?), <hw>Cac`o*pho"ni*ous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Harsh-sounding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*coph"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cacophonies</b></plw> (#). [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;; <grk>kako`s</grk> bad + &?;&?;&?;&?;
sound: cf. F. <i>Cacophonie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>An uncouth or disagreable sound of words,
owing to the concurrence of harsh letters or syllables.</def>
"<i>Cacophonies</i> of all kinds."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A combination of
discordant sounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An unhealthy state of
the voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cac"o*tech`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>kako`s</grk> bad + &?; art.] <def>A corruption or corrupt
state of art.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*cox"ene</hw> (?), <hw>Ca*cox"e*nite</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kako`s</grk> bad + &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;
guest.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous phosphate of iron occurring
in yellow radiated tufts. The phosphorus seriously injures it as
an iron ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cac*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Belonging to, or like, the family of plants of which the
prickly pear is a common example.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cac"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Cactuses</b></plw> (#), <plw><b>Cacti</b></plw> (-
t&imacr;). [L., a kind of cactus, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the order <i>Cactac&aelig;</i>,
as the prickly pear and the night-blooming cereus. See
<u>Cereus</u>. They usually have leafless stems and branches,
often beset with clustered thorns, and are mostly natives of the
warmer parts of America.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cactus wren</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
American wren of the genus <i>Campylorhynchus</i>, of several
species.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*cu"mi*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cacumen</i>, <i>cacuminis</i>, the top, point.]
<i>(Philol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the top of the palate;
cerebral; -- applied to certain consonants; as, <i>cacuminal</i>
(or cerebral) letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*cu"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cacuminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>cacuminare</i> to point, fr.
<i>cacumen</i> point.] <def>To make sharp or pointed.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>cadet</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person who stands at the
door of an omnibus to open and shut it, and to receive fares; an
idle hanger-on about innyards.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lowbred, presuming person; a mean,
vulgar fellow.</def> [Cant]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*das"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Of or
pertaining to landed property.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cadastral survey</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Cadastral map</b></col>, <cd>a survey, map, or plan on a
large scale (Usually &frac1x2500; of the linear measure of the
ground, or twenty-five inches to the mile or about an inch to the
acre) so as to represent the relative positions and dimensions of
objects and estates exactly; -- distinguished from a
<i>topographical</i> map, which exaggerates the dimensions of
houses and the breadth of roads and streams, for the sake of
distinctness.</cd>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ca*das"tre</hw>, <hw>Ca*das"ter</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [f. <i>cadastre</i>.] <i>(Law.)</i> <def>An
official statement of the quantity and value of real estate for
the purpose of apportioning the taxes payable on such
property.</def></p>

<p><! p. 201 !></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*da"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr
<i>cadere</i> to fall.] <def>A dead human body; a
corpse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*dav"er*ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, a corpse, or the changes produced
by death; cadaverous; as, <i>cadaveric</i> rigidity.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cadaveric alkaloid</b></col>, <cd>an alkaloid
generated by the processes of decomposition in dead animal
bodies, and thought by some to be the cause of the poisonous
effects produced by the bodies. See <u>Ptomaine</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*dav"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cadaverosus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the
appearance or color of a dead human body; pale; ghastly; as, a
<i>cadaverous</i> look.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, or having the
qualities of, a dead body.</def> "The scent
<i>cadaverous</i>."</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ca*dav"er*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ca*dav"er*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cad"bait`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>codbait</i>, <i>cadbote</i> fly.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Caddice</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cad"dice</hw>, <hw>Cad"dis</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>caddy</i>, <i>cadew</i>; cf. G.
<i>k&ouml;der</i> bait.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva of a
caddice fly. These larv&aelig; generally live in cylindrical
cases, open at each end, and covered externally with pieces of
broken shells, gravel, bits of wood, etc.  They are a favorite
bait with anglers. Called also <i>caddice worm</i>, or <i>caddis
worm</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Caddice fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
species of trichopterous insect, whose larva is the
caddice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cad"dis</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>caddas</i>,
Scot. <i>caddis</i> lint, <i>caddes</i> a kind of woolen cloth,
cf. Gael. <i>cada</i>, <i>cadadh</i>, a kind of cloth, cotton,
fustian, W. <i>cadas</i>, F. <i>cadis</i>.] <def>A kind of
worsted lace or ribbon.</def> "<i>Caddises</i>, cambrics, lawns."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cad"dish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a cad;
lowbred and presuming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cad"dow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cadawe</i>, prob. fr. <i>ca</i> chough + <i>daw</i> jackdaw;
cf. Gael. <i>cadhag</i>, <i>cathag</i>. Cf. <u>Chough</u>,
<u>Daw</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
jackdaw.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Cad"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Caddies</b></plw> (#). [Earlier spelt <i>catty</i>, fr.
Malay <i>kat&imacr;</i> a weight of 1&frac13; pounds. Cf.
<u>Catty</u>.] <def>A small box, can, or chest to keep tea
in.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>cad</i>,
<i>kod</i>, lamb, also <u>Cosset</u>, <u>Coddle</u>.] <def>Bred
by hand; domesticated; petted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He brought his <i>cade</i> lamb with him.<BR>
<i>Sheldon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cade</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bring up or
nourish by hand, or with tenderness; to coddle; to tame.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cadus</i> jar, Gr.
&?;.] <def>A barrel or cask, as of fish.</def> "A <i>cade</i> of
herrings."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>cade</i> of herrings is 500, of sprats
1,000.<BR>
<i>Jacob, Law Dict.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. &amp; Pr.; LL.
<i>cada</i>.] <def>A species of juniper (<i>Juniperus
Oxycedrus</i>) of Mediterranean countries.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oil of cade</b></col>, <cd>a thick, black, tarry
liquid, obtained by destructive distillation of the inner wood of
the cade. It is used as a local application in skin
diseases.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca"dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cadence</i>, <i>cadens</i>, LL. <i>cadentia</i> a falling, fr.
L. <i>cadere</i> to fall; cf. F. <i>cadence</i>, It.
<i>cadenza</i>. See <u>Chance</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of declining or
sinking.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now was the sun in western <i>cadence</i> low.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fall of the voice in reading or
speaking, especially at the end of a sentence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rhythmical modulation of the voice
or of any sound; as, music of bells in <i>cadence</i>
sweet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blustering winds, which all night long<BR>
Had roused the sea, now with hoarse <i>cadence</i> lull<BR>
Seafaring men o'erwatched.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The accents . . . were in passion's tenderest
<i>cadence</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Rhythmical flow of language, in prose
or verse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Golden <i>cadence</i> of poesy.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If in any composition much attention was paid to
the flow of the rhythm, it was said (at least in the 14th and
15th centuries) to be "prosed in faire <i>cadence</i>."<BR>
<i>Dr. Guest.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>See
<u>Cadency</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>Harmony and proportion
in motions, as of a well-managed horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A uniform time and place
in marching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
close or fall of a strain; the point of rest, commonly reached by
the immediate succession of the tonic to the dominant
chord.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A <i>cadenza</i>, or
closing embellishment; a pause before the end of a strain, which
the performer may fill with a flight of fancy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Imperfect cadence</b></col>. <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Imperfect</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca"dence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To regulate by
musical measure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These parting numbers, <i>cadenced</i> by my
grief.<BR>
<i>Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca"den*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Descent of
related families; distinction between the members of a family
according to their ages.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Marks of cadency</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>bearings
indicating the position of the bearer as older or younger son, or
as a descendant of an older or younger son. See <u>Difference</u>
<i>(Her.)</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*dene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cad&egrave;ne</i>.] <def>A species of inferior carpet imported
from the Levant.</def>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cadens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>cadere</i> to fall.]
<def>Falling.</def> [R.] "<i>Cadent</i> tears."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*den"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A parenthetic flourish or flight of ornament
in the course of a piece, commonly just before the final
cadence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cadre</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*det"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cadet</i> a
younger or the youngest son or brother, dim. fr. L. <i>caput</i>
head; <i>i. e.</i>, a smaller head of the family, after the first
or eldest. See <u>Chief</u>, and cf. <u>Cad</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The younger of two brothers; a younger
brother or son; the youngest son.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cadet</i> of an ancient and noble
family.<BR>
<i>Wood.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
gentleman who carries arms in a regiment, as a volunteer, with a
view of acquiring military skill and obtaining a
commission.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A young man in
training for military or naval service; esp. a pupil in a
military or naval school, as at West Point, Annapolis, or
Woolwich.</def></p>

<p>&fist; All the undergraduates at Annapolis are <i>Naval
cadets</i>. The distinction between <i>Cadet midshipmen</i> and
<i>Cadet engineers</i> was abolished by Act of Congress in
1882.</p>

<p><hw>Ca*det"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
position, rank, or commission of a cadet; as, to get a
<i>cadetship</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*dew"</hw> (?), <hw>Cade"worm`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A caddice. See
<u>Caddice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cadge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cadged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cadging</u>.] [Cf. Scot. <i>cache</i>,
<i>caich</i>, <i>cadge</i>, to toss, drive, OE. <i>cachen</i> to
drive, catch, <i>caggen</i> to bind, or perh. E. <i>cage</i>. Cf.
<u>Cadger</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry, as a burden.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hawk or peddle, as fish, poultry,
etc.</def> [Prov.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To intrude or live on another meanly;
to beg.</def> [Prov. or Slang, Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cadge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 2d <u>Cadger</u>.]
<i>(Hawking)</i> <def>A circular frame on which cadgers carry
hawks for sale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cadg"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Cadge</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, cf. <u>Codger</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A packman or itinerant
huckster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who gets his living by trickery or
begging.</def> [Prov. or Slang] "The gentleman <i>cadger</i>."
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cadg"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cagier</i> one
who catches hawks. Cf. <u>Cage</u>.] <i>(Hawking)</i> <def>One
who carries hawks on a cadge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cadg"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cheerful or
mirthful, as after good eating or drinking; also, wanton.</def>
[Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. See
<u>Alcalde</u>.] <def>An inferior magistrate or judge among the
Mohammedans, usually the judge of a town or village.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cad"ie</hw>, <hw>Cad"die</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Scotch errand boy, porter, or
messenger.</def> [Written also <i>cady</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every Scotchman, from the peer to the
<i>cadie</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca`di*les"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>q&amacr;d.&imacr;</i> judge + <i>al'sker</i> the army, Per.
<i>leshker</i>.] <def>A chief judge in the Turkish empire, so
named originally because his jurisdiction extended to the cases
of soldiers, who are now tried only by their own
officers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*dil"lac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from
<i>Cadillac</i>, a French town.] <def>A large pear, shaped like a
flattened top, used chiefly for cooking.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cad"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A kind of
coarse serge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cad*me"an</hw> (k&abreve;d*m>emac/"<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Cadmeus</i>, Gr.
<grk>Kadmei^os</grk>, from <grk>Ka`dmos</grk> (L. <i>Cadmus</i>),
which name perhaps means lit. a man from the East; cf. Heb.
<i>qedem</i> east.] <def>Of or pertaining to Cadmus, a fabulous
prince of Thebes, who was said to have introduced into Greece the
sixteen simple letters of the alphabet -- &alpha;, &beta;,
&gamma;, &delta;, &epsilon;, &iota;, &kappa;, &lambda;, &mu;,
&nu;, &omicron;, &pi;, &rho;, &sigma;, &tau;, &upsilon;. These
are called <i>Cadmean</i> letters.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cadmean victory</b></col>, <cd>a victory that damages
the victors as much as the vanquished; probably referring to the
battle in which the soldiers who sprang from the dragon's teeth
sown by Cadmus slew each other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cad"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cadmia</i>
calamine, Gr. &?;. Cf. <u>Calamine</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An
oxide of zinc which collects on the sides of furnaces where zinc
is sublimed. Formerly applied to the mineral
<i>calamine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cad"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [R.] <def>See
<u>Cadmean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cad"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, cadmium; as,
<i>cadmic</i> sulphide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cad"mi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Cadmia</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A comparatively rare element
related to zinc, and occurring in some zinc ores. It is a white
metal, both ductile and malleable. Symbol Cd. Atomic weight
111.8. It was discovered by Stromeyer in 1817, who named it from
its association with zinc or zinc ore.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cadmium yellow</b></col>, <cd>a compound of cadmium
and sulphur, of an intense yellow color, used as a
pigment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cad"rans</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cadran</i>. Cf. <u>Quadrant</u>.] <def>An instrument with a
graduated disk by means of which the angles of gems are measured
in the process of cutting and polishing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"dre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cadre</i>,
It. <i>quadro</i> square, from L. <i>quadrum</i>, fr.
<i>quatuor</i> four.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The framework or
skeleton upon which a regiment is to be formed; the officers of a
regiment forming the staff.</def> [Written also
<i>cader</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*du"ca*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Caducous</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Relating to escheat,
forfeiture, or confiscation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*du"ce*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
belonging to Mercury's caduceus, or wand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*du"ce*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caduceum</i>, <i>caduceus</i>; akin to Gr. &?; a herald's
wand, fr. &?; herald.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>The official staff or
wand of Hermes or Mercury, the messenger of the gods. It was
originally said to be a herald's staff of olive wood, but was
afterwards fabled to have two serpents coiled about it, and two
wings at the top.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*du`ci*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caducus</i> falling (fr. <i>cadere</i> to fall) + E.
<i>branchiate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>With temporary
gills: -- applied to those Amphibia in which the gills do not
remain in adult life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*du"ci*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>caducitas</i>: cf.  F. <i>caducit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Caducous</u>.] <def>Tendency to fall; the feebleness of old
age; senility.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[A] jumble of youth and <i>caducity</i>.<BR>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*du"cous</hw> (?), [L. <i>caducus</i> falling, inclined
to fall, fr. <i>cadere</i> to fall. See <u>Cadence</u>.] <i>(Bot.
& Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Dropping off or disappearing early, as the
calyx of a poppy, or the gills of a tadpole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*duke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>caduc</i>. See <u>Caducous</u>.] <def>Perishable; frail;
transitory.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hickes.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>caduke</i> pleasures of his world.<BR>
<i>Bp. Fisher.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cad"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cadie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||C&aelig;"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>C&aelig;cum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>C&aelig;"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the c&aelig;cum,
or blind gut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of a c&aelig;cum, or
bag with one opening; baglike; as, the <i>c&aelig;cal</i>
extremity of a duct.</def></p>

<p><hw>||C&aelig;"ci*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caecias</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>A wind from the northeast.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>C&aelig;*cil"i*an</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caecus</i> blind. So named from the supposed blindness of the
species, the eyes being very minute.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
limbless amphibian belonging to the order
<i>C&aelig;cili&aelig;</i> or <i>Ophimorpha</i>. See
<u>Ophiomorpha</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>c&oelig;cilian</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||C&aelig;"cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>C&aelig;cums</b></plw>, L. <plw><b>C&aelig;ca</b></plw>
(#). [L. <i>caecus</i> blind, invisible, concealed.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cavity open at one end,
as the blind end of a canal or duct.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The blind part of the large intestine beyond the entrance of
the small intestine; -- called also the <i>blind
gut</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>c&aelig;cum</i> is comparatively small in man,
and ends in a slender portion, the <i>vermiform appendix</i>; but
in herbivorous mammals it is often as large as the rest of the
large intestine. In fishes there are often numerous intestinal
c&aelig;ca.</p>

<p><hw>C&aelig;`no*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>See <u>Cenozoic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"en stone"</hw> (?), <def>A cream-colored limestone for
building, found near Caen, France.</def></p>

<p><hw>C&aelig;"sar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
Roman emperor, as being the successor of Augustus C&aelig;sar.
Hence, a kaiser, or emperor of Germany, or any emperor or
powerful ruler. See <u>Kaiser</u>, <u>Kesar</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Malborough anticipated the day when he would be
servilely flattered and courted by <i>C&aelig;sar</i> on one side
and by Louis the Great on the other.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>C&aelig;*sa"re*an</hw>, <hw>C&aelig;*sa"ri*an</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Caesareus</i>, <i>Caesarianus</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to C&aelig;sar or the C&aelig;sars;
imperial.</def></p>

<p><col><b>C&aelig;sarean section</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>,
<cd>the operation of taking a child from the womb by cutting
through the walls of the abdomen and uterus; -- so called because
Julius C&aelig;sar is reported to have been brought into the
world by such an operation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>C&aelig;"sar*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>C&eacute;sarisme</i>.] <def>A system of government in which
unrestricted power is exercised by a single person, to whom, as
C&aelig;sar or emperor, it has been committed by the popular
will; imperialism; also, advocacy or support of such a system of
government.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word came into prominence in the time of Napoleon
III., as an expression of the claims and political views of that
emperor, and of the politicians of his court.</p>

<p><hw>C&aelig;"si*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caesius</i> bluish gray.] <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Of the
color of lavender; pale blue with a slight mixture of gray.</def>
<i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>C&aelig;"si*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
L. <i>caesius</i> bluish gray.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare
alkaline metal found in mineral water; -- so called from the two
characteristic blue lines in its spectrum. It was the first
element discovered by spectrum analysis, and is the most strongly
basic and electro-positive substance known. Symbol Cs. Atomic
weight 132.6.</def></p>

<p><hw>C&aelig;s"pi*tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Cespitose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>C&aelig;*su"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
E. <plw><b>C&aelig;suras</b></plw> (&?;), L.
<plw><b>C&aelig;sur&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;) [L. <i>caesura</i> a
cutting off, a division, stop, fr. <i>caedere</i>, <i>caesum</i>,
to cut off. See <u>Concise</u>.] <def>A metrical break in a
verse, occurring in the middle of a foot and commonly near the
middle of the verse; a sense pause in the middle of a foot. Also,
a long syllable on which the c&aelig;sural accent rests, or which
is used as a foot.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the following line the <i>c&aelig;sura</i> is
between <i>study</i> and <i>of</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>The prop | er stud |  y || of | mankind | is
man.</blockquote>
</p>

<p><hw>C&aelig;*su"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a c&aelig;sura.</def></p>

<p><col><b>C&aelig;sural pause</b></col>, <cd>a pause made at a
c&aelig;sura.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`f&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Coffee</u>.] <def>A coffeehouse; a restaurant; also, a room in
a hotel or restaurant where coffee and liquors are
served.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Caf"e*net</hw> (?), <hw>Caf"e*neh</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. <i>qahveh kh&amacr;neh</i>
coffeehouse.] <def>A humble inn or house of rest for travelers,
where coffee is sold.</def> [Turkey]</p>

<p><hw>Caf*fe"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Coffee</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained
from, coffee.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Caffeic acid</b></col>, <cd>an acid obtained from
coffee tannin, as a yellow crystalline substance,
C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>4</sub>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Caf*fe"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>caf&eacute;ine</i>. See <u>Coffee</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white, bitter, crystallizable substance, obtained from coffee. It
is identical with the alkaloid <i>theine</i> from tea leaves, and
with <i>guaranine</i> from guarana.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caf`fe*tan"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Caffe</i>ic + <i>tannic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, or derived from, the tannin of coffee.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Caffetannic acid</b></col>, <cd>a variety of tannin
obtained from coffee berries, regarded as a glucoside.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Caf"fi*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.] <def>See
<u>Cafila</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caf"fre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Kaffir</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ca"fi*la</hw> (?), <hw>||Ca"fi*leh</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.] <def>A caravan of travelers; a
military supply train or government caravan; a string of pack
horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caf"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>qaft&amacr;n</i>: cf. F. <i>cafetan</i>.] <def>A garment worn
throughout the Levant, consisting of a long gown with sleeves
reaching below the hands. It is generally fastened by a belt or
sash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caf"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clothe
with a caftan.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The turbaned and <i>caftaned</i> damsel.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Keg</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cage</i>, fr.
L. <i>cavea</i> cavity, cage, fr. <i>cavus</i> hollow. Cf.
<u>Cave</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Cajole</u>,
<u>Gabion</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A box or inclosure, wholly or partly
of openwork, in wood or metal, used for confining birds or other
animals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In his <i>cage</i>, like parrot fine and gay.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 202 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of confinement for
malefactors</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Stone walls do not a prison make,<BR>
Nor iron bars a <i>cage</i>.<BR>
<i>Lovelace.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>An outer framework of
timber, inclosing something within it; as, the <i>cage</i> of a
staircase.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
skeleton frame to limit the motion of a loose piece, as a ball
valve.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A wirework strainer, used
in connection with pumps and pipes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The box, bucket, or inclosed platform
of a lift or elevator; a cagelike structure moving in a
shaft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The drum on which the
rope is wound in a hoisting whim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>The catcher's wire
mask.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cage</hw> (k&amacr;j), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Caged</u> (k&amacr;jd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Caging</u>.] <def>To confine
in, or as in, a cage; to shut up or confine.</def> "<i>Caged</i>
and starved to death."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Caged</hw> (k&amacr;jd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Confined in, or as in, a cage; like a <i>cage</i> or
prison.</def> "The <i>caged</i> cloister."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cage"ling</hw> (k&amacr;j"l&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cage</i> + <i>-ling</i>] <def>A bird
confined in a cage; esp. a young bird.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"git</hw> (k&amacr;"j&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>A kind of parrot, of a beautiful green
color, found in the Philippine Islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cag"mag</hw> (k&abreve;g"m&abreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A tough old goose; hence, coarse, bad food of any
kind.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`got"</hw> (k&adot;`g&osl;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>One of a race inhabiting the valleys of the Pyrenees,
who until 1793 were political and social outcasts (Christian
Pariahs). They are supposed to be a remnant of the
Visigoths.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`hier"</hw> (k&adot;`y&asl;" <i>or</i>
k&adot;`h&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. OF.
<i>cayer</i>, fr. LL. <i>quaternum</i>. See <u>Quire</u> of
paper. The sheets of manuscript were folded into parts.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A number of sheets of paper put loosely
together; esp. one of the successive portions of a work printed
in numbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A memorial of a body; a report of
legislative proceedings, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*hin"cic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or derived from, <i>cahinca</i>, the native name of a species
of Brazilian <i>Chiococca</i>, perhaps <i>C. racemosa</i>; as,
<i>cahincic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*hoot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps fr. f.
<i>cohorte</i> a company or band.] <def>Partnership; as, to go in
<i>cahoot</i> with a person.</def> [Slang, southwestern U. S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cai`ma*cam"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.]
<def>The governor of a sanjak or district in Turkey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cai"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cayman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cai`no*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cenozic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*&iuml;que"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
Turk. <i>q&amacr;&imacr;q</i> boat.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A light
skiff or rowboat used on the Bosporus; also, a Levantine vessel
of larger size.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Ccedil;a" i*ra"</hw> (?). [F. <i>&ccedil;a ira,
&ccedil;a ira, les aristocrates &agrave; la lanterne</i>, it
shall go on, it shall go on, [hang]the arictocrats to the lantern
(lamp-post).] <def>The refrain of a famous song of the French
Revolution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caird</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>ceard</i> a
tinker.] <def>A traveling tinker; also a tramp or sturdy
beggar.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Cairn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>carn</i>,
gen. <i>cairn</i>, a heap: cf. Ir. &amp; W. <i>carn</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rounded or conical heap of stones
erected by early inhabitants of the British Isles, apparently as
a sepulchral monument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now here let us place the gray stone of her
<i>cairn</i>.<BR>
<i>Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pile of stones heaped up as a
landmark, or to arrest attention, as in surveying, or in leaving
traces of an exploring party, etc.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.
Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cairn*gorm"stone`</hw> (?). [Gael. <i>carn</i> a cairn +
<i>gorm</i> azure.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A yellow or smoky brown
variety of rock crystal, or crystallized quartz, found esp, in
the mountain of Cairngorm, in Scotland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cais"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>caisse</i>, case, chest. See 1st <u>Case</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A chest
to hold ammunition.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A four-wheeled
carriage for conveying ammunition, consisting of two parts, a
body and a limber. In light field batteries there is one caisson
to each piece, having two ammunition boxes on the body, and one
on the limber.</def> <i>Farrow.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
chest filled with explosive materials, to be laid in the way of
an enemy and exploded on his approach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A water-tight box,
of timber or iron within which work is carried on in building
foundations or structures below the water level.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A hollow floating box, usually of iron,
which serves to close the entrances of docks and basins.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A structure, usually with an air
chamber, placed beneath a vessel to lift or float it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A sunk panel of
ceilings or soffits.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pneumatic caisson</b></col> <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>a
caisson, closed at the top but open at the bottom, and resting
upon the ground under water. The pressure of air forced into the
caisson keeps the water out. Men and materials are admitted to
the interior through an air lock. See <u>Lock</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cai"tiff</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>caitif</i>, <i>cheitif</i>, captive, miserable, OF.
<i>caitif</i>, <i>chaitif</i>, captive, mean, wretched, F.
<i>ch&eacute;tif</i>, fr. L. <i>captivus</i> captive, fr.
<i>capere</i> to take, akin to E. <i>heave</i>. See <u>Heave</u>,
and cf. <u>Captive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Captive;
wretched; unfortunate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Base; wicked and mean; cowardly;
despicable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arnold had sped his <i>caitiff</i> flight.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cai"tiff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A captive; a
prisoner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Avarice doth tyrannize over her <i>caitiff</i> and
slave.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wretched or unfortunate man.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mean, despicable person; one whose
character meanness and wickedness meet.</def></p>

<p>The deep-felt conviction of men that slavery breaks down the
moral character . . . speaks out with . . . distinctness in the
change of meaning which <i>caitiff</i> has undergone signifying
as it now does, one of a base, abject disposition, while there
was a time when it had nothing of this in it.  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Caj"e*put</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cajuput</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*jole"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cajoled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cajoling</u>.] [F. <i>cajoler</i>, orig., to
chatter like a bird in a cage, to sing; hence, to amuse with idle
talk, to flatter, from the source of OF.  <i>goale</i>,
<i>jaiole</i>, F. <i>ge&ocirc;le</i>, dim. of <i>cage</i> a cage.
See <u>Cage</u>, <u>Jail</u>.] <def>To deceive with flattery or
fair words; to wheedle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am not about to <i>cajole</i> or flatter you
into a reception of my views.<BR>
<i>F. W. Robertson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To flatter; wheedle; delude; coax; entrap.</p>

<p><hw>Ca*jole"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of cajoling; the state of being cajoled; cajolery.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*jol"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flatterer;
a wheedler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*jol"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cajoleries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A wheedling to delude;
words used in cajoling; flattery.</def> "Infamous
<i>cajoleries</i>."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Caj"u*put</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Malayan
origin; <i>k&amacr;yu</i> tree + <i>p&umacr;tih</i> white.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A highly stimulating volatile inflammable oil,
distilled from the leaves of an East Indian tree (<i>Melaleuca
cajuputi</i>, etc.) It is greenish in color and has a
camphoraceous odor and pungent taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caj"u*put*ene`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless or greenish oil extracted from
cajuput.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cake</hw> (k&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cake</i>, <i>kaak</i>; akin to Dan. <i>kage</i>, Sw. &amp; Icel.
<i>kaka</i>, D. <i>koek</i>, G. <i>kuchen</i>, OHG.
<i>chuocho</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small mass of dough baked;
especially, a thin loaf from unleavened dough; as, an oatmeal
<i>cake</i>; johnny<i>cake</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sweetened composition of flour and
other ingredients, leavened or unleavened, baked in a loaf or
mass of any size or shape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thin wafer-shaped mass of fried
batter; a griddlecake or pancake; as buckwheat
<i>cakes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mass of matter concreted, congealed,
or molded into a solid mass of any form, esp. into a form rather
flat than high; as, a <i>cake</i> of soap; an ague
<i>cake</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cakes</i> of rusting ice come rolling down the
flood.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Cake urchin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>, <cd>any
species of flat sea urchins belonging to the
<i>Clypeastroidea</i></cd>. -- <col><b>Oil cake</b></col> <cd>the
refuse of flax seed, cotton seed, or other vegetable substance
from which oil has been expressed, compacted into a solid mass,
and used as food for cattle, for manure, or for other
purposes.</cd> -- <col><b>To have one's cake dough</b></col>,
<cd>to fail or be disappointed in what one has undertaken or
expected.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form into a
cake, or mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Caked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Caking</u>.] <def>To concrete or consolidate into a hard mass,
as dough in an oven; to coagulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Clotted blood that <i>caked</i> within.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cackle as a
goose.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Cak"ing coal`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Coal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cornish Mines)</i>
<def>Wolfram, an ore of tungsten.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"a*bar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A district
on the west coast of Africa.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calabar bean</b></col>, <cd>The of a climbing
legumious plant (<i>Physostigma venenosum</i>), a native of
tropical Africa. It is highly poisonous. It is used to produce
contraction of the pupil of the eye; also in tetanus, neuralgia,
and rheumatic diseases; -- called also <i>ordeal bean</i>, being
used by the negroes in trials for witchcraft.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cal"a*bar*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid resembling physostigmine and
occurring with it in the calabar bean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"a*bash</hw> (k&abreve;l"&adot;*b&abreve;sh),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>calabaza</i>, or Pg.
<i>calaba&ccedil;a</i>, <i>caba&ccedil;a</i> (cf. F.
<i>Calebasse</i>), lit., a dry gourd, fr. Ar. <i>qar'</i>, fem.,
a kind of gourd + <i>aibas</i> dry.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
common gourd (plant or fruit).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fruit of the calabash
tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A water dipper, bottle, bascket, or
other utensil, made from the dry shell of a calabash or
gourd.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calabash tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree of
tropical America (<i>Crescentia cujete</i>), producing a large
gourdlike fruit, containing a purgative pulp. Its hard shell,
after the removal of the pulp, is used for cups, bottles, etc.
The <i>African calabash tree</i> is the baobab.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cal`a*boose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption
of Sp. <i>calabozo</i> dungeon.] <def>A prison; a jail.</def>
[Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ca*lade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
slope or declivity in a manege ground down which a horse is made
to gallop, to give suppleness to his haunches.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*la"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
genus of aroideous plants, of which some species are cultivated
for their immense leaves (which are often curiously blotched with
white and red), and others (in Polynesia) for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"a*ite</hw> (k&abreve;l`&asl;*&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>calla&iuml;s</i>, Gr.
<grk>ka`lai:s</grk>, <grk>ka`llai:s</grk>; cf. F.
<i>cala&iuml;te</i>.] <def>A mineral. See
<u>Turquoise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`a*man"co</hw>
(k&abreve;l`&adot;*m&abreve;&nsm;"k&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>calamancus</i>, <i>calamacus</i>; cf. <i>camelaucum</i>;
a head covering made of camel's hair, NGr.
<grk>kamelay`kion</grk>, and F. <i>calmande</i> a woolen stuff.]
<def>A glossy woolen stuff, plain, striped, or checked.</def> "A
gay <i>calamanco</i> waistcoat."  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"a*man`der wood</hw>
(k&abreve;l"&adot;*m&abreve;n`d&etilde;r w&oocr;d`). <def>A
valuable furniture wood from India and Ceylon, of a hazel-brown
color, with black stripes, very hard in texture. It is a species
of ebony, and is obtained from the <i>Diospyros
qu&aelig;sita</i>. Called also <i>Coromandel wood</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cal"a*mar</hw> (k&abreve;l"&adot;*m&auml;r),
<hw>Cal"a*ma*ry</hw>, (-m&asl;*r&ybreve;r)} <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>calamarium</i> inkstand, fr. L. <i>calamus</i> a reed
pen: cf. F. <i>calmar</i>, <i>calemar</i>, pen case, calamar.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cephalopod, belonging to the genus
<i>Loligo</i> and related genera. There are many species. They
have a sack of inklike fluid which they discharge from the siphon
tube, when pursued or alarmed, in order to confuse their enemies.
Their shell is a thin horny plate, within the flesh of the back,
shaped very much like a quill pen. In America they are called
<i>squids</i>. See <u>Squid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"am*bac</hw> (k&abreve;l"&abreve;m*b&abreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>calambac</i>, <i>calambour</i>, from
Malay <i>Kalambaq</i> a king of fragrant wood.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A fragrant wood; agalloch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"am*bour</hw> (k&abreve;l"&abreve;m*b&oomac;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Calambac</u>.] <def>A species of
agalloch, or aloes wood, of a dusky or mottled color, of a light,
friable texture, and less fragrant than calambac; -- used by
cabinetmakers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`a*mif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calamus</i> reed + <i>ferous</i>.] <def>Producing reeds;
reedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"a*mine</hw> (k&abreve;l"&adot;*m&imacr;n <i>or</i> -
m&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>calamine</i>, LL.
<i>calamina</i>, fr. L. <i>Cadmia</i>. See <u>Cadmia</u>.]
<i>(min.)</i> <def>A mineral, the hydrous silicate of
zinc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name was formerly applied to both the carbonate and
silicate of zinc each of which is valuabic as an ore; but it is
now usually restricted to the latter, the former being called
<i>smithsonite</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Cal"a*mint</hw> (-m&ibreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>calamint</i>, <i>calemente</i> (cf. F. <i>calament</i>) fr. L.
<i>calamintha</i>, Gr. <grk>kalami`nqh</grk>,
<grk>kala`minqos</grk>. See 1st <u>Mint</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of perennial plants (<i>Calamintha</i>) of the Mint
family, esp. the <i>C. Nepeta</i> and <i>C. Acinos</i>, which are
called also <i>basil thyme</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"a*mist</hw> (-m&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calamus</i> a reed.] <def>One who plays upon a reed or
pipe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal`a*mis"trate</hw> (-m&ibreve;s"tr&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [L. <i>calamistratus</i>, curled with the curling
iron, fr. <i>calamistrum</i> curling iron, fr. <i>calamus</i> a
reed.] <def>To curl or friz, as the hair.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal`a*mis*tra"tion</hw>
(k&abreve;l`&adot;*m&ibreve;s*tr&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of curling the
hair.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cal`a*mis"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
curling iron.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A comblike structure on
the metatarsus of the hind legs of certain spiders
(<i>Ciniflonid&aelig;</i>), used to curl certain fibers in the
construction of their webs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"a*mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calamus</i> a reed: cf. F. <i>calamite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A fossil plant of the coal formation, having the general
form of plants of the modern <i>Equiseta</i> (the Horsetail or
Scouring Rush family) but sometimes attaining the height of
trees, and having the stem more or less woody within. See
<u>Acrogen</u>, and <u>Asterophyllite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lam"i*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Calamitosus</i>; cf. F. <i>calamiteux</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Suffering calamity; wretched;
miserable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ten thousands of <i>calamitous</i> persons.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing, or attended with distress
and misery; making wretched; wretched; unhappy.</def> "This sad
and <i>calamitous</i> condition." <i>South.</i> "A
<i>calamitous</i> prison" <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Miserable; deplorable; distressful; afflictive;
wretched; grievous; baleful; disastrous; adverse; unhappy;
severe; sad; unfortunate.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ca*lam"i*tous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ca*lam"i*tous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lam"i*ty</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Calamities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>calamitas</i>, akin to
in-<i>columis</i> unharmed: cf. F. <i>calamit&eacute;</i>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any great misfortune or cause of misery;
-- generally applied to events or disasters which produce
extensive evil, either to communities or individuals.</def></p>

<p>The word <i>calamity</i> was first derived from <i>calamus</i>
when the corn could not get out of the stalk.  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Strokes of <i>calamity</i> that scathe and scorch
the soul.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state or time of distress or
misfortune; misery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The deliberations of <i>calamity</i> are rarely
wise.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Where'er I came I brought <i>calamity</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disaster; distress; affliction; adversity;
misfortune; unhappiness; infelicity; mishap; mischance; misery;
evil; extremity; exigency; downfall.  -- <u>Calamity</u>,
<u>Disaster</u>, <u>Misfortune</u>, <u>Mishap</u>,
<u>Mischance</u>. Of these words, <i>calamity</i> is the
strongest. It supposes a somewhat continuous state, produced not
usually by the direct agency of man, but by natural causes, such
as fire, flood, tempest, disease, etc, <i>Disaster</i> denotes
literally <i>ill-starred</i>, and is some unforeseen and
distressing event which comes suddenly upon us, as if from
hostile planet. <i>Misfortune</i> is often due to no specific
cause; it is simply the bad fortune of an individual; a link in
the chain of events; an evil independent of his own conduct, and
not to be charged as a fault. <i>Mischance</i> and <i>mishap</i>
are misfortunes of a trivial nature, occurring usually to
individuals. "A <i>calamity</i> is either public or private, but
more frequently the former; a <i>disaster</i> is rather
particular than private; it affects things rather than persons;
journey, expedition, and military movements are often attended
with <i>disasters</i>; <i>misfortunes</i> are usually personal;
they immediately affect the interests of the individual."
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"a*mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Calami</b></plw> (#). [L., a reed. See <u>Halm</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The indian cane, a plant of
the Palm family. It furnishes the common rattan. See
<u>Rattan</u>, and <u>Dragon's blood</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of
<i>Acorus</i> (<i>A. calamus</i>), commonly called
<i>calamus</i>, or <i>sweet flag</i>. The root has a pungent,
aromatic taste, and is used in medicine as a stomachic; the
leaves have an aromatic odor, and were formerly used instead of
rushes to strew on floors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The horny basal
portion of a feather; the barrel or quill.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*lan"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Gradually diminishing in rapidity and
loudness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lash"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cal&egrave;che</i>; of Slavonic origin; cf. Bohem.
<i>kolesa</i>, Russ. <i>koliaska</i> calash, <i>koleso</i>,
<i>kolo</i>, wheel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A light carriage
with low wheels, having a top or hood that can be raised or
lowered, seats for inside, a separate seat for the driver, and
often a movable front, so that it can be used as either an open
or a close carriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The baroness in a <i>calash</i> capable of holding
herself, her two children, and her servants.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In Canada, a two-wheeled, one-seated
vehicle, with a calash top, and the driver's seat elevated in
front.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hood or top of a carriage which can
be thrown back at pleasure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A hood, formerly worn by ladies, which
could be drawn forward or thrown back like the top of a
carriage.</def></p>

<p><! p. 203 !></p>

<p><hw>Ca`la*ve"rite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A bronze-yellow massive mineral with metallic
luster; a telluride of gold; -- first found in <i>Calaveras</i>
County California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*ca"ne*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anal.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the calcaneum; as, <i>calcaneal</i>
arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cal*ca"ne*um</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
E. <plw><b>-neums</b></plw>, L. <plw><b>-nea</b></plw>. [L. the
heel, fr. <i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, the heel.] <i>(Anal.)</i>
<def>One of the bones of the tarsus which in man, forms the great
bone of the heel; -- called also <i>fibulare</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"car</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>calcaria</i>
lime kiln, fr. <i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, lime. See
<u>Calx</u>.] <i>(Glass manuf.)</i> <def>A kind of oven, or
reverberatory furnace, used for the calcination of sand and
potash, and converting them into frit.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cal"car</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; L. <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Calcaria</b></plw> (#). [L., a spur, as worn on the heel,
also the spur of a cock, fr. <i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, the
heel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A hollow tube or
spur at the base of a petal or corolla.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A slender bony
process from the ankle joint of bats, which helps to support the
posterior part of the web, in flight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
spur, or spurlike prominence.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
curved ridge in the floor of the leteral ventricle of the brain;
the <i>calcar avis</i>, <i>hippocampus minor</i>, or
<i>ergot</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cal"ca*rate</hw> (?), <hw>Cal"ca*ra`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>calcaratus</i>, fr. L.
<i>calcar</i>. See 2d <i>Calcar</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a spur, as the
flower of the toadflax and larkspur; spurred.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Armed with a
spur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*ca"re*o-ar`gil*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>consisting of, or containing, calcareous and argillaceous
earths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*ca"re*o-bi*tu"mi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of, or containing, lime and bitumen.</def>
<i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal*ca"re*o-si*li"ceous</hw> (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos><def>Consisting of, or containing calcareous
and siliceous earths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*ca"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calcarius</i> pertaining to lime. See <u>Calx</u>.]
<def>Partaking of the nature of calcite or calcium carbonate;
consisting of, or containing, calcium carbonate or carbonate of
lime.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calcareous spar</b></col>. <cd>See as
<u>Calcite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cal*ca"re*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality
of being calcareous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`ca*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calcarius</i> of lime + <i>ferous</i>.] <def>Lime-yielding;
calciferous</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ca*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or situated near, the calcar of the
brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`ca*vel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sweet
wine from Portugal; -- so called from the district of
Carcavelhos.</def> [Written also <i>Calcavellos</i> or
<i>Carcavelhos</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal"ce*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calceatus</i>, p. p. of <i>pelceare</i> to ahoe, fr.
<i>catceus</i> shoe, fr. <i>calx</i>, <i>calcic</i>,
<i>heel</i>.] <def>Fitted with, or wearing, shoes.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Calced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Calceated</u>.] <def>Wearing shoes; calceated; -- in
distintion from <i>discalced</i> or <i>barefooted</i>; as the
<i>calced</i> Carmelites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ce*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chalcedony</u>.] <def>A foul vein, like chalcedony, in some
precious stones.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cal`ce*don"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Cal`ce*do"ni*an</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Chalcedonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ce*i*form`</hw>
(k&abreve;l"s&esl;*&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>calceus</i> shoe + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Shaped like a slipper, as one petal of the lady's-slipper;
calceolate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||cal`ce*o*la"ri*a</hw>
(k&abreve;l`s&esl;*&osl;*l&amacr;"r&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>calceolarius</i> shoemaker,
fr. <i>calceolus</i>, a dim. of <i>calceus</i> shoe.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of showy herbaceous or shrubby plants,
brought from South America; slipperwort. It has a yellow or
purple flower, often spotted or striped, the shape of which
suggests its name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ce*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Calceolaria</u>.] <def>Slipper-ahaped. See
<u>Calceiform</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cal"ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Calx</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>calx</i>,
<i>calcis</i>, lime: cf. F. <i>calcique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, calcium or
lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, lime + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing,
producing, or containing calcite, or carbonate of lime.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calciferous epoch</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>an
epoch in the American lower Silurian system, immediately
succeeding the Cambrian period. The name alludes to the peculiar
mixture of calcareous and siliceous characteristics in many of
the beds. See the Diagram under <u>Geology</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cal*cif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Calciferous. Specifically: <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> of or
pertaining to the portion of the oviduct which forms the eggshell
in birds and reptiles.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal`ci*fi*ca"tion</hw>
(k&abreve;l`s&ibreve;*f&ibreve;*k&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The process of change
into a stony or calcareous substance by the deposition of lime
salt; -- normally, as in the formation of bone and of teeth;
abnormally, as in calcareous degeneration of tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ci*fied</hw> (k&abreve;l"s&ibreve;*f&imacr;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or containing,
calcareous matter or lime salts; calcareous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ci*form</hw> (k&abreve;l"s&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, lime + <i>-
form</i>.] <def>In the form of chalk or lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ci*fy</hw> (k&abreve;l"s&ibreve;*f&imacr;), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Calcified</u> (-
f&imacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Calcifying</u>.]
[L. <i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, lime + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To make
stony or calcareous by the deposit or secretion of salts of
lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ci*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
changed into a stony or calcareous condition, in which lime is a
principal ingredient, as in the formation of teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*cig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, lime + <i>-genouse</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Tending to form, or to become, a calx or
earthlike substance on being oxidized or burnt; as magnesium,
calcium. etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*cig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, <i>lime</i> + <i>-gerouse</i>.]
<def>Holding lime or other earthy salts; as, the
<i>calcigerous</i> cells of the teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ci*mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, lime.] <def>A white or colored wash
for the ceiling or other plastering of a room, consisting of a
mixture of clear glue, Paris white or zinc white, and
water.</def> [Also spelt <i>kalsomine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal"ci*mine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
&p. p.</i></pos> <u>Calcimined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Calcimining</u>.] <def>To wash or cover with
calcimine; as, to <i>calcimine</i> walls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ci*mi`ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
calcimines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*cin"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may
be calcined; as, a <i>calcinable</i> fossil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ci*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
calcine.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal`ci*na"tion</hw>
(k&abreve;l`s&ibreve;*n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>calcination</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of
disintegrating a substance, or rendering it friable by the action
of heat, esp. by the expulsion of some volatile matter, as when
carbonic and acid is expelled from carbonate of calcium in the
burning of limestone in order to make lime.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of reducing a metal
to an oxide or metallic calx; oxidation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*cin"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
vessel used in calcination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*cine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Calciden</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Calcining</u>.] [F. <i>calciner</i>, fr. L.
<i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, lime. See <u>Calx</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to a powder, or to a friable
state, by the action of heat; to expel volatile matter from by
means of heat, as carbonic acid from limestone, and thus
(usually) to produce disintegration; as to, <i>calcine</i>
bones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To oxidize, as a metal by the action
of heat; to reduce to a metallic calx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*cine"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
converted into a powder or friable substance, or into a calx, by
the action of heat.</def> "<i>Calcining</i> without fusion"
<i>Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal*cin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, calcines.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cal`ci*spon"gi*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, lime +
<i>spongia</i> a sponge.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
marine sponges, containing calcareous spicules. See
<u>Porifera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cite</hw> (k&abreve;l"s&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, lime.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Calcium
carbonate, or carbonate of lime. It is rhombohedral in its
crystallization, and thus distinguished from aragonite.  It
includes common limestone, chalk, and marble. Called also
<i>calc-spar</i> and <i>calcareous spar</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Argentine</i> is a pearly lamellar variety;
<i>aphrite</i> is foliated or chalklike; <i>dogtooth spar</i>, a
form in acute rhombohedral or scalenohedral crystals; <i>calc-
sinter</i> and <i>calc-tufa</i> are lose or porous varieties
formed in caverns or wet grounds from calcareous deposits;
<i>agaric mineral</i> is a soft, white friable variety of similar
origin; <i>stalaclite</i> and <i>stalagmite</i> are varieties
formed from the drillings in caverns. <i>Iceland spar</i> is a
transparent variety, exhibiting the strong double refraction of
the species, and hence is called <i>doubly refracting
spar</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Cal"ci*trant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calcitrans</i>, p. pr. of <i>calcitrare</i> to kick, fr.
<i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i> , heel.] <def>Kicking.  Hence:
Stubborn; refractory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ci*trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calcitratus</i>, p. p. of <i>calcitrare</i>. See
<u>Calcitrant</u>.] <def>To kick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`ci*tra"tion</hw> (-tr&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of kicking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ci*um</hw> (k&abreve;l"s&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L. <i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>,
lime; cf F. <i>calcium</i>. See <u>Calx</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An elementary substance; a metal which combined with oxygen
forms lime. It is of a pale yellow color, tenacious, and
malleable. It is a member of the alkaline earth group of
elements. Atomic weight 40. Symbol Ca.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Calcium</i> is widely and abundantly disseminated,
as in its compounds <i>calcium carbonate</i> or limestone,
<i>calcium sulphate</i> or gypsum, <i>calcium fluoride</i> or
fluor spar, <i>calcium phosphate</i> or apatite.</p>

<p><col><b>Calcium light</b></col>, <cd>an intense light produced
by the incandescence of a stick or ball of lime in the flame of a
combination of oxygen and hydrogen gases, or of oxygen and coal
gas; -- called also <i>Drummond light</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cal*civ"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calx</i> lime + <i>vorare</i> to devour.] <def>Eroding, or
eating into, limestone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*cog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who practices calcography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cal`co*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Cal`co*graph"ic*al</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to, or in the style of,
calcography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*cog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, lime, chalk + <i>-graphy</i>.]
<def>The art of drawing with chalk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calc"-sin`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>kalk</i> (L. <i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>) lime + E.
<i>sinter</i>.] <def>See under <u>Calcite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calc"-spar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>kalk</i>
(L. <i>calx</i>) lime E. <i>spar</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Calcite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calc"-tu`fa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>kalk</i>
(l. <i>calx</i>) lime + E. <i>tufa</i>.] <def>See under
<u>Calcite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>calculable</i>.] <def>That may be calculated or ascertained by
calculation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calculus</i> a pebble, a calculus; cf <i>calcularius</i>
pertaining to calculation.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to calculi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*la*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A congeries
of little stony knots found in the pulp of the pear and other
fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Calculater</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Calculating</u> (?).] [L,
<i>calculatus</i>, p. p. of <i>calculate</i>, fr. <i>calculus</i>
a pebble, a stone used in reckoning; hence, a reckoning, fr.
<i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, a stone used in gaming, limestone.
See <u>Calx</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ascertain or
determine by mathematical processes, usually by the ordinary
rules of arithmetic; to reckon up; to estimate; to
compute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A calencar exacity <i>calculated</i> than any
othe.<BR>
<i>North.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ascertain or predict by
mathematical or astrological computations the time,
circumstances, or other conditions of; to forecast or compute the
character or consequences of; as, to <i>calculate</i> or cast
one's nativity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cunning man did <i>calculate</i> my birth.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To adjust for purpose; to adapt by
forethought or calculation; to fit or prepare by the adaptation
of means to an end; as, to <i>calculate</i> a system of laws for
the government and protection of a free people.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Religion] is . . . <i>calculated</i> for our
benefit.<BR>
<i>Abp. Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To plan; to expect; to think.</def>
[Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To compute; reckon; count; estimate; rate.  --
<u>To Calculate</u>, <u>Compute</u>. <u>Reckon</u>, <u>Count</u>.
These words indicate the means by which we arrive at a given
result in regard to quantity. We <i>calculate</i> with a view to
obtain a certain point of knowledge; as, to <i>calculate</i> an
eclipse. We <i>compute</i> by combining given numbers, in order
to learn the grand result. We <i>reckon</i> and <i>count</i> in
carrying out the details of a computation. These words are also
used in a secondary and figurative sense. "<i>Calculate</i> is
rather a conjection from what is, as to what may be;
<i>computation</i> is a rational estimate of what has been, from
what is; <i>reckoning</i> is a conclusive conviction, a pleasing
assurance that a thing will happen; <i>counting</i> indicates an
expectation. We <i>calculate</i> on a gain; we <i>compute</i> any
loss sustained, or the amount of any mischief done; we
<i>reckon</i> on a promised pleasure; we <i>count</i> the hours
and minutes until the time of enjoyment arrives"
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
a calculation; to forecast consequences; to estimate; to
compute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The strong passions, whether good or bad, never
<i>calculate</i>.<BR>
<i>F. W. Robertson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Worked out by calculation; as
<i>calculated</i> tables for computing interest; ascertained or
conjectured as a result of calculation; as, the <i>calculated</i>
place of a planet; the <i>calculated</i> velocity of a cannon
ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adapted by calculation, contrivance.
or forethought to accomplish a purpose; as, to use arts
<i>calculated</i> to deceive the people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Likely to produce a certain effect,
whether intended or not; fitted; adapted; suited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The only danger that attends multiplicity of
publication is, that some of them may be <i>calculated</i> to
injure rather than benefit society.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The minister, on the other hand, had never gone
through an experience <i>calculated</i> to lead him beyond the
scope of generally received laws</blockquote>.
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*la`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to mathematical
calculations; performing or able to perform mathematical
calculations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to contrivance or forethought;
forecasting; scheming; as, a cool <i>calculating</i>
disposition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calculating machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine for the
mechanical performance of mathematical operations, for the most
part invented by Charles Babbage and G. and E. Scheutz. It
computes logarithmic and other mathematical tables of a high
degree of intricacy, imprinting the results on a leaden plate,
from which a stereotype plate is then directly made.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*la`ting</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of making mathematical computations or of estimating
results.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`cu*la"tion</hw> (-l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>calculation</i>, fr. L.
<i>calculatio</i>; cf. OF. <i>calcucation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process, or the result, of
calculating; computation; reckoning, estimate.</def> "The
<i>calculation</i> of eclipses."  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mountain is not so his <i>calculation</i>
makes it.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An expectation based on
circumstances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lazy gossips of the port,<BR>
Abhorrent of a <i>calculation</i> crost,<BR>
Began to chafe as at a personal wrong.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to calculation; involving calculation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Long habits of <i>calculative</i> dealings.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*la*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>calculateur</i>.] <def>One who computes or reckons: one who
estimates or considers the force and effect of causes, with a
view to form a correct estimate of the effects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ambition is no exact <i>calculator</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calculatorius</i>.] <def>Belonging to calculation.</def>
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>calcul</i>,
fr. L. <i>calculus</i>. See <u>Calculus</u>.] <def>Reckoning;
computation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cule</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
calculate</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Calculus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calculosus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of a
calculus; like stone; gritty; as, a <i>calculous</i>
concretion.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Caused, or characterized, by the
presence of a calculus or calculi; a, a <i>calculous</i>
disorder; affected with gravel or stone; as, a <i>calculous</i>
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"cu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Calculi</b></plw> (#). [L, <i>calculus</i>. See
<u>Calculate</u>, and <u>Calcule</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any solid concretion, formed in any part of
the body, but most frequent in the organs that act as reservoirs,
and in the passages connected with them; as, biliary
<i>calculi</i>; urinary <i>calculi</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A method of
computation; any process of reasoning by the use of symbols; any
branch of mathematics that may involve calculation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barycentric calculus</b></col>, <cd>a method of
treating geometry by defining a point as the center of gravity of
certain other points to which co&euml;fficients or weights are
ascribed.</cd> -- <col><b>Calculus of functions</b></col>,
<cd>that branch of mathematics which treats of the forms of
functions that shall satisfy given conditions.</cd> --
<col><b>Calculus of operations</b></col>, <cd>that branch of
mathematical logic that treats of all operations that satisfy
given conditions.</cd> -- <col><b>Calculus of
probabilities</b></col>, <cd>the science that treats of the
computation of the probabilities of events, or the application of
numbers to chance.</cd> -- <col><b>Calculus of
variations</b></col>, <cd>a branch of mathematics in which the
laws of dependence which bind the variable quantities together
are themselves subject to change.</cd> -- <col><b>Differential
calculus</b></col>, <cd>a method of investigating mathematical
questions by using the ratio of certain indefinitely small
quantities called <i>differentials</i>. The problems are
primarily of this form: to find how the change in some variable
quantity alters at each instant the value of a quantity dependent
upon it.</cd> -- <col><b>Exponential calculus</b></col>, <cd>that
part of algebra which treats of exponents.</cd> --
<col><b>Imaginary calculus</b></col>, <cd>a method of
investigating the relations of real or imaginary quantities by
the use of the imaginary symbols and quantities of algebra.</cd>
-- <col><b>Integral calculus</b></col>, <cd>a method which in the
reverse of the differential, the primary object of which is to
learn from the known ratio of the indefinitely small changes of
two or more magnitudes, the relation of the magnitudes
themselves, or, in other words, from having the differential of
an algebraic expression to find the expression itself.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 204 !></p>

<p><hw>Cal"dron</hw> (k&add;l"dr&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>caldron</i>, <i>caudron</i>, <i>caudroun</i>, OF.
<i>caudron</i>, <i>chauderon</i>, F. <i>chaudron</i>, an aug. of
F. <i>chaudi&egrave;re</i>, LL. <i>caldaria</i>, fr. L.
<i>caldarius</i> suitable for warming, fr. <i>caldus</i>,
<i>calidus</i>, warm, fr. <i>calere</i> to be warm; cf. Skr.
<i>&ccedil;r&amacr;</i> to boil. Cf. <u>Chaldron</u>,
<u>Calaric</u>, <u>Caudle</u>.] <def>A large kettle or boiler of
copper, brass, or iron. [Written also <i>cauldron</i>.]</def>
"<i>Caldrons</i> of boiling oil."  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*l&egrave;che"</hw> (k&adot;*l&amacr;sh"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cal&egrave;che</i>.] <def>See
<u>Calash</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`e*do"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
ancient Latin name of Scotland; -- still used in
poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`e*do"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Caledonia or Scotland; Scottish; Scotch.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of Caledonia or
Scotland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*led"o*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A hydrous sulphate of copper and lead, found in some parts
of Caledonia or Scotland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`e*fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calefaciens</i> p. pr. of <i>calefacere</i> to make warm;
<i>calere</i> to be warm + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Making
warm; heating.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal`e*fa"cient</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A substance
that excites warmth in the parts to which it is applied, as
mustard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`e*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calefactio</i>: cf. F. <i>cal&eacute;faction</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of warming or heating; the
production of heat in a body by the action of fire, or by
communication of heat from other bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being heated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`e*fac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Calefactory</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal`e*fac"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
heater; one who, or that which, makes hot, as a stove,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`e*fac"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calefactorius</i>.] <def>Making hot; producing or
communicating heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`e*fac"to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An apartment in a
monastery, warmed and used as a sitting room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hollow sphere of metal, filled with
hot water, or a chafing dish, placed on the altar in cold weather
for the priest to warm his hands with.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"e*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Calefied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Calefying</u>.] [L. <i>calere</i> to be warm +
<i>-fy</i>] <def>To make warm or hot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"e*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow hot or
warm.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cal"em*bour`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
pun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"en*dar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>kalender</i>, <i>calender</i>, fr. L. <i>kalendarium</i> an
interest or account book (cf. F. <i>calendrier</i>, OF.
<i>calendier</i>) fr. L. <i>calendue</i>, <i>kalendae</i>,
calends. See <u>Calends</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An orderly
arrangement of the division of time, adapted to the purposes of
civil life, as years, months, weeks, and days; also, a register
of the year with its divisions; an almanac.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A tabular statement of
the dates of feasts, offices, saints' days, etc., esp. of those
which are liable to change yearly according to the varying date
of Easter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An orderly list or enumeration of
persons, things, or events; a schedule; as, a <i>calendar</i> of
state papers; a <i>calendar</i> of bills presented in a
legislative assembly; a <i>calendar</i> of causes arranged for
trial in court; a <i>calendar</i> of a college or an
academy.</def></p>

<p>Shepherds of people had need know the <i>calendars</i> of
tempests of state.  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Calendar clock</b></col>, <cd>one that shows the days
of the week and month.</cd> -- <col><b>Calendar month</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Month</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>French Republican
calendar</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Vend&eacute;miaire</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Gregorian calendar</b></col>, <col><b>Julian
calendar</b></col>, <col><b>Perpetual calendar</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Gregorian</u>, <u>Julian</u>, and
<u>Perpetual</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cal"en*dar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Calendared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Calendaring</u>.] <def>To enter or write in a
calendar; to register.</def>  <i>Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal`en*da"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the calendar or a calendar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"en*da*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Calendarial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal"en*der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>calandre</i>, LL. <i>calendra</i>, corrupted fr. L.
<i>cylindrus</i> a cylinder, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;. See
<u>Cylinider</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A machine, used for
the purpose of giving cloth, paper, etc., a smooth, even, and
glossy or glazed surface, by cold or hot pressure, or for
watering them and giving them a wavy appearance. It consists of
two or more cylinders revolving nearly in contact, with the
necessary apparatus for moving and regulating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who pursues the business of
calendering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My good friend the <i>calender</i>.<BR>
<i>Cawper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cal"en*der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Calendered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Calendering</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>calandrer</i>. See
<u>Calender</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To press between
rollers for the purpose of making smooth and glossy, or wavy, as
woolen and silk stuffs, linens, paper, etc.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"en*der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>qalender</i>.] <def>One of a sect or order of fantastically
dressed or painted dervishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`en*dog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Calendar</i> + <i>-graph</i> + <i>er</i>.] <def>One who makes
calendars.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal"en*drer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
who calenders cloth; a calender.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*len"dric</hw> (?), <hw>Ca*len"dric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <def>Of or pertaining to a
calendar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ends</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>kalendes</i> month, calends, AS. <i>calend</i> month, fr. L.
<i>calendae</i>; akin to <i>calare</i> to call, proclaim, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;. CF. <u>Claim</u>.] <def>The first day of each
month in the ancient Roman calendar.</def> [Written also
<i>kalends</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>The Greek calends</b></col>, <cd>a time that will
never come, as the Greeks had no calends.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*len"du*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>calendae</i> calends.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of composite
herbaceous plants. One species, <i>Calendula officinalis</i>, is
the common marigold, and was supposed to blossom on the calends
of every month, whence the name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*len"du*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A gummy or mucilaginous tasteless substance
obtained from the marigold or calendula, and analogous to
bassorin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"en*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>calenture</i>, fr. Sp. <i>calenture</i> heat, fever, fr.
<i>calentar</i> to heat, fr. p. pr. of L. <i>calere to be
warm</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A name formerly given to various
fevers occuring in tropics; esp. to a form of furious delirium
accompanied by fever, among sailors, which sometimes led the
affected person to imagine the sea to be a green field, and to
throw himself into it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"en*ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To see as
in the delirium of one affected with calenture.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hath fed on pageants floating through the air<BR>
Or <i>calentures</i> in depths of limpid flood.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*les"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>calescere</i>, incho. of
<i>calere</i> to be warm.] <def>Growing warmth; increasing
heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Calves</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>calf</i>, <i>kelf</i>, AS.
<i>cealf</i>; akin to D. <i>kalf</i>, G. <i>kalb</i>, Icel.
<i>k&amacr;lfr</i>, Sw. <i>kalf</i>, Dan. <i>kalv</i>, Goth.
<i>kalb&omacr;</i>; cf. Skr. <i>garbha</i> fetus, young, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;, Skr <i>grabh</i> to seize, conceive, Ir.
<i>colpa</i>, <i>colpach</i>, a calf. &radic;222.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The young of the cow, or of the Bovine
family of quadrupeds. Also, the young of some other mammals, as
of the elephant, rhinoceros, hippopotamus, and whale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Leather made of the skin of the calf;
especially, a fine, light-colored leather used in bookbinding;
as, to bind books in <i>calf</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An awkward or silly boy or young man;
any silly person; a dolt.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some silly, doting, brainless <i>calf</i>.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small island near a larger; as, the
<i>Calf</i> of Man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A small mass of ice set free from the
submerged part of a glacier or berg, and rising to the
surface.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [Cf. Icel. <i>k&amacr;lfi</i>.] <def>The
fleshy hinder part of the leg below the knee.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calf's-foot jelly</b></col>, <cd>jelly made from the
feet of calves. The gelatinous matter of the feet is extracted by
boiling, and is flavored with sugar, essences, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Calf"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hide or
skin of a calf; or leather made of the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Hindoo
Myth.)</i> <def>The tenth avatar or incarnation of the god
Vishnu.</def> [Written also <i>Kali</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Cal"i*ber</hw>, <hw>Cal"ibre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>calibre</i>, perh. fr. L.
<i>qualibra</i> of what pound, of what weight; hence, of what
size, applied first to a ball or bullet; cf. also Ar.
<i>q&amacr;lib</i> model, mold. Cf. <u>Calipers</u>,
<u>Calivere</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gunnery)</i> <def>The diameter of the
bore, as a cannon or other firearm, or of any tube; or the weight
or size of the projectile which a firearm will carry; as, an 8
inch gun, a 12-pounder, a 44 <i>caliber</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>caliber</i> of empty tubes.<BR>
<i>Reid.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A battery composed of three guns of small
<i>caliber</i>.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>caliber</i> of firearms is expressed in various
ways. Cannon are often designated by the weight of a solid
spherical shot that will fit the bore; as, a 12-pounder; pieces
of ordnance that project shell or hollow shot are designated by
the diameter of their bore; as, a 12 inch mortar or a 14 inch
shell gun; small arms are designated by hundredths of an inch
expressed decimally; as, a rifle of .44 inch <i>caliber</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The diameter of round or cylindrical
body, as of a bullet or column.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Capacity or compass of
mind.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Caliber compasses</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Calipers</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Caliber rule</b></col>, <cd>a
gunner's calipers, an instrument having two scales arranged to
determine a ball's weight from its diameter, and conversely.</cd>
-- <col><b>A ship's caliber</b></col>, <cd>the weight of her
armament.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cal"i*brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
ascertain the caliber of, as of a thermometer tube; also, more
generally, to determine or rectify the graduation of, as of the
various standards or graduated instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`ibra"*tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
process of estimating the caliber a tube, as of a thermometer
tube, in order to graduate it to a scale of degrees; also, more
generally, the determination of the true value of the spaces in
any graduated instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Calice</u>.] <def>See <u>Chalice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caliculus</i> a small cup, dim. of <i>calicis</i>, a cup. Cf
<u>Calycle</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the small cuplike cavities, often with elevated borders,
covering the surface of most corals. Each is formed by a polyp.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> One of the cuplike structures inclosing the
zooids of certain hydroids. See <u>Campanularian</u>.</def>
[Written also <i>calycle</i>. See <u>Calycle</u>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal"i*co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Calicoes</b></plw> (#). [So called because first imported
from <i>Calicut</i>, in the East Indies: cf. F. <i>calicot</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Plain white cloth made from cotton, but
which receives distinctive names according to quality and use,
as, super <i>calicoes</i>, shirting <i>calicoes</i>, unbleached
<i>calicoes</i>, etc.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The importation of printed or stained
<i>colicoes</i> appears to have been coeval with the
establishment of the East India Company</blockquote>. <i>Beck
(Draper's Dict. ).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cotton cloth printed with a figured
pattern.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States the term <i>calico</i> is applied
only to the printed fabric.</p>

<p><col><b>Calico bass</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
edible, fresh-water fish (<i>Pomoxys sparaides</i>) of the rivers
and lake of the Western United States (esp. of the Misissippi
valley.), allied to the sunfishes, and so called from its
variegated colors; -- called also <i>calicoback</i>, <i>grass
bass</i>, <i>strawberry bass</i>, <i>barfish</i>, and
<i>bitterhead</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Calico printing</b></col>,
<cd>the art or process of impressing the figured patterns on
calico.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cal"i*co</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of, or
having the appearance of, calico; -- often applied to an animal,
as a horse or cat, on whose body are large patches of a color
strikingly different from its main color.</def> [Colloq. U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal"i*co*back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The calico
bass.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An hemipterous insect
(<i>Murgantia histrionica</i>) which injures the cabbage and
other garden plants; -- called also <i>calico bug</i> and
<i>harlequin cabbage bug</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*lic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<hw>Ca*lic"u*late</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to, or resembling, a cup; also improperly used for
<i>calycular</i>, <i>calyculate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>calidus</i>,
fr. <i>calere</i> to be hot.] <def>Hot; burning; ardent.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Heat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal"i*duct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Caloriduct</u>.] <def>A pipe or duct used to convey hot air or
steam.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Subterranean <i>caliducts</i> have been
introduced.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca"lif</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Cal"i*fate</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, etc. <def>Same
as <u>Caliph</u>, <u>Caliphate</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`i*for"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to California.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native or inhabitant of California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`i*ga"tion</hw> (-g&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>caligatio</i>, fr. <i>caligare</i> to
emit vapor, to be dark, from <i>caligo</i> mist, darkness.]
<def>Dimness; cloudiness.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lig`i*nos"ity</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caliginosus</i> dark. See <u>Caligation</u>.]
<def>Darkness.</def> [R.]  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lig"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caliginosus</i>; cf. F. <i>caligineux</i>.] <def>Affected with
darkness or dimness; dark; obscure.</def> [R.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>caliginous</i> regions of the air.<BR>
<i>Hallywell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ca*lig"i*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ca*lig"i*nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*li"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., darkness.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Dimness or obscurity of sight, dependent upon
a speck on the cornea; also, the speck itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`i*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Calligraphic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lig"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caligraphy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Malay
<i>kelany</i> tin, or fr. <i>Kala'a</i>, a town in India, fr.
which it came.] <def>An alloy of lead and tin, of which the
Chinese make tea canisters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`i*pash"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>carapace</i>, Sp. <i>carapacho</i>. Cf <u>Calarash</u>,
<u>Carapace</u>.] <def>A part of a turtle which is next to the
upper shell. It contains a fatty and gelatinous substance of a
dull greenish tinge, much esteemed as a delicacy in preparations
of turtle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"i*pee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Calipash</u>] <def>A part of a turtle which is attached to the
lower shell. It contains a fatty and gelatinous substance of a
light yellowish color, much esteemed as a delicacy.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"i*pers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Corrupted
from <i>caliber</i>.] <def>An instrument, usually resembling a
pair of dividers or compasses with curved legs, for measuring the
diameter or thickness of bodies, as of work shaped in a lathe or
planer, timber, masts, shot, etc.; or the bore of firearms,
tubes, etc.; -- called also <i>caliper compasses</i>, or
<i>caliber compasses</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Caliper square</b></col>, <cd>a draughtsman's or
mechanic's square, having a graduated bar and adjustable jaw or
jaws.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Vernier calipers</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Vernier</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca"liph</hw> (k&amacr;"l&ibreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>caliphe</i>, <i>califfe</i>, F. <i>calife</i> (cf. Sp.
<i>califa</i>), fr. Ar. <i>khal&imacr;fan</i> successor, fr.
<i>khalafa</i> to succed.] <def>Successor or vicar; -- a title of
the successors of Mohammed both as temporal and spiritual rulers,
now used by the sultans of Turkey.</def> [Written also
<i>calif</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal"i*phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>califat</i>.] <def>The office, dignity, or government of a
caliph or of the caliphs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lip"pic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Calippus, an Athenian astronomer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calippic period</b></col>, <cd>a period of seventy-six
years, proposed by Calippus, as an improvement on the Metonic
cycle, since the 6940 days of the Metonic cycle exceeded 19 years
by about a quarter of a day, and exceeded 235 lunations by
something more.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cal`i*sa"ya bark</hw> (?). <def>A valuable kind of
Peruvian bark obtained from the <i>Cinchona Calisaya</i>, and
other closely related species.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cal`is*the"ne*um</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
gymnasium; esp. one for light physical exercise by women and
children.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`is*then"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kalo`s</grk> beautiful + <grk>sqe`nos</grk> strength.]
<def>Of or pertaining to calisthenics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`is*then"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
science, art, or practice of healthful exercise of the body and
limbs, to promote strength and gracefulness; light
gymnastics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"i*ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>caliber</i>.] <def>An early form of hand gun, a variety of the
arquebus; originally a gun having a regular size of bore.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"lix</hw> (k&amacr;"l&ibreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L.] <def>A cup. See <u>Calyx</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calk</hw> (k&add;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
&p. p.</i></pos> <u>Calked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Calking</u>.] [Either corrupted fr. F.
<i>calfater</i> (cf. Pg. <i>calafetar</i>, Sp.
<i>calafetear</i>), fr. Ar. <i>qalafa</i> to fill up crevices
with the fibers of palm tree or moss; or fr. OE. <i>cauken</i> to
tred, through the French fr. L. <i>calcare</i>, fr. <i>calx</i>
heel. Cf. <u>Calk</u> to copy, <i>Inculcate</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive tarred oakum into the seams
between the planks of (a ship, boat, etc.), to prevent leaking.
The calking is completed by smearing the seams with melted
pitch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make an indentation in the edge of
a metal plate, as along a seam in a steam boiler or an iron ship,
to force the edge of the upper plate hard against the lower and
so fill the crevice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calk</hw> (k&abreve;lk), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [E.
<i>calquer</i> to trace, It. <i>caicare</i> to trace, to trample,
fr. L. <i>calcare</i> to trample, fr. <i>calx</i> heel. Cf.
<u>Calcarate</u>.] <def>To copy, as a drawing, by rubbing the
back of it with red or black chalk, and then passing a blunt
style or needle over the lines, so as to leave a tracing on the
paper or other thing against which it is laid or held.</def>
[Written also <i>calque</i>]</p>

<p><! p. 205 !></p>

<p><hw>Calk</hw> (k&add;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>calc</i> shoe, hoof, L. <i>calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>, heel,
<i>calcar</i>, spur.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sharp-pointed
piece of iron or steel projecting downward on the shoe of a horse
or an ox, to prevent the animal from slipping; -- called also
<i>calker</i>, <i>calkin</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument with sharp points, worn
on the sole of a shoe or boot, to prevent slipping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calk</hw> (k&add;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with calks, to prevent
slipping on ice; as, to <i>calk</i> the shoes of a horse or an
ox.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wound with a calk; as when a horse
injures a leg or a foot with a calk on one of the other
feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who calks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A calk on a shoe. See <u>Calk</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calk"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A calk on a
shoe. See <u>Calk</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calk"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of making seems tight, as in ships, or of furnishing with
calks, as a shoe, or copying, as a drawing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calking iron</b></col>, <cd>a tool like a chisel, used
in calking ships, tightening seams in ironwork, etc.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Their left hand does the <i>calking iron</i>
guide.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Call</hw> (k&add;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Called</u> (k&add;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Calling</u>] [OE. <i>callen</i>, AS.
<i>ceallian</i>; akin to Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>kalla</i>, Dan.
<i>kalde</i>, D. <i>kallen</i> to talk, prate, OHG.
<i>kall&omacr;n</i> to call; cf. Gr. <grk>ghry`ein</grk> to
speak, sing, Skr. <i>gar</i> to praise. Cf. <u>Garrulous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To command or request to come or be
present; to summon; as, to <i>call</i> a servant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Call</i> hither Clifford; bid him come
amain<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To summon to the discharge of a
particular duty; to designate for an office, or employment,
especially of a religious character; -- often used of a divine
summons; as, to be <i>called</i> to the ministry; sometimes, to
invite; as, to <i>call</i> a minister to be the pastor of a
church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Paul . . . <i>called</i> to be an apostle<BR>
<i>Rom. i. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The Holy Ghost said, Separate me Barnabas and Saul
for the work whereunto I have <i>called</i> them.<BR>
<i>Acts xiii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To invite or command to meet; to
convoke; -- often with <i>together</i>; as, the President
<i>called</i> Congress together; to appoint and summon; as, to
<i>call</i> a meeting of the Board of Aldermen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>call</i> we our high court of
Parliament.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give name to; to name; to address,
or speak of, by a specifed name.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you would but <i>call</i> me Rosalind.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And God <i>called</i> the light Day, and the
darkness he <i>called</i> Night.<BR>
<i>Gen. i. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To regard or characterize as of a
certain kind; to denominate; to designate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What God hath cleansed, that <i>call</i> not thou
common.<BR>
<i>Acts x. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To state, or estimate, approximately
or loosely; to characterize without strict regard to fact; as,
they <i>call</i> the distance ten miles; he <i>called</i> it a
full day's work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The] army is <i>called</i> seven hundred thousand
men.<BR>
<i>Brougham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To show or disclose the class,
character, or nationality of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This speech <i>calls</i> him Spaniard.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To utter in a loud or distinct voice;
-- often with <i>off</i>; as, to <i>call</i>, or <i>call off</i>,
the items of an account; to <i>call</i> the roll of a military
company.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No parish clerk who <i>calls</i> the psalm so
clear.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To invoke; to appeal to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>call</i> God for a witness.<BR>
<i>2 Cor. i. 23 [Rev. Ver. ]</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To rouse from sleep; to
awaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou canst awake by four o' the clock.<BR>
I prithee <i>call</i> me. Sleep hath seized me wholly.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To call a bond</b></col>, <cd>to give notice that the
amount of the bond will be paid.</cd> -- <col><b>To call a
party</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to cry aloud his name in open
court, and command him to come in and perform some duty requiring
his presence at the time on pain of what may befall him.</cd> --
<col><b>To call back</b></col>, <cd>to revoke or retract; to
recall; to summon back.</cd> -- <col><b>To call down</b></col>,
<cd>to pray for, as blessing or curses.</cd> -- <col><b>To call
forth</b></col>, <cd>to bring or summon to action; as, <i>to call
forth</i> all the faculties of the mind.</cd> -- <col><b>To call
in</b></col>, <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To collect; as, <i>to call
in</i> debts or money; ar to withdraw from cirulation; as, <i>to
call in</i> uncurrent coin.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
summon to one's side; to invite to come together; as, <i>to call
in</i> neighbors.</cd> -- <col><b>To call (any one)
names</b></col>, <cd>to apply contemptuous names (to any
one).</cd> -- <col><b>To call off</b></col>, <cd>to summon away;
to divert; as, <i>to call off</i> the attention; <i>to call
off</i> workmen from their employment.</cd> -- <col><b>To call
out</b></col>. <cd><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> To summon to fight; to
challenge. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> To summon into service; as, <i>to
call out</i> the militia.</cd> -- <col><b>To call over</b></col>,
<cd>to recite separate particulars in order, as a roll of
names.</cd> -- <col><b>To call to account</b></col>, <cd>to
demand explanation of.</cd> -- <col><b>To call to mind</b></col>,
<cd>to recollect; to revive in memory.</cd> -- <col><b>To call to
order</b></col>, <cd>to request to come to order</cd>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A public meeting, when opening it for
business.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A person, when he is
transgressing the rules of debate.</cd> -- <col><b>To call to the
bar</b></col>, <cd>to admit to practice in courts of law.</cd> --
<col><b>To call up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To bring
into view or recollection; as <i>to call up</i> the image of
deceased friend.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To bring into
action or discussion; to demand the consideration of; as, <i>to
call up</i> a bill before a legislative body.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To name; denominate; invite; bid; summon;
convoke; assemble; collect; exhort; warn; proclaim; invoke;
appeal to; designate. --  <u>To Call</u>, <u>Convoke</u>,
<u>Summon</u>. <i>Call</i> is the generic term; as, to
<i>call</i> a public meeting. To <i>convoke</i> is to require the
assembling of some organized body of men by an act of authority;
as, the king <i>convoked</i> Parliament. To <i>summon</i> is to
require attendance by an act more or less stringent anthority;
as, to <i>summon</i> a witness.</p>

<p><hw>Call</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To speak in loud voice; to cry out; to address by name; --
sometimes with <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You must <i>call</i> to the nurse.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The angel of God <i>called</i> to Hagar.<BR>
<i>Gen. xxi. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a demand, requirement, or
request.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>called</i> for rooms, and he showed them
one.<BR>
<i>Bunyan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a brief visit; also, to stop
at some place designated, as for orders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He ordered her to <i>call</i> at the house once a
week.<BR>
<i>Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To call for</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
demand; to require; as, a crime <i>calls for</i> punishment; a
survey, grant, or deed <i>calls for</i> the metes and bounds, or
the quantity of land, etc., which it describes.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To give an order for; to request.</cd>
"Whenever the coach stopped, the sailor <i>called for</i> more
ale." <i>Marryat.</i> -- <col><b>To call on</b></col>, <col><b>To
call upon</b></col>, <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To make a short
visit to; as, <i>call on</i> a friend.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To appeal to; to invite; to request earnestly; as, <i>to call
upon</i> a person to make a speech.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To solicit payment, or make a demand, of a debt.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To invoke or play to; to worship; as,
<i>to call upon</i> God.</cd> -- <col><b>To call out</b></col>
<cd>To call or utter loudly; to brawl.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Call</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of calling; -- usually with the voice, but often
otherwise, as by signs, the sound of some instrument, or by
writing; a summons; an entreaty; an invitation; as, a <i>call</i>
for help; the bugle's <i>call</i>.</def> "<i>Call</i> of the
trumpet."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I rose as at thy <i>call</i>, but found thee
not.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A signal, as on a drum, bugle,
trumpet, or pipe, to summon soldiers or sailors to
duty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An invitation to take
charge of or serve a church as its pastor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A requirement or appeal arising from
the circumstances of the case; a moral requirement or
appeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dependence is a perpetual <i>call</i> upon
humanity.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Running into danger without any <i>call</i> of
duty.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A divine vocation or
summons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>St. Paul himself believed he did well, and that he
had a <i>call</i> to it, when he persecuted the Christians.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Vocation; employment.</def> [In this
sense, <i>calling</i> is generally used.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A short visit; as, to make a
<i>call</i> on a neighbor; also, the daily coming of a tradesman
to solicit orders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The baker's punctual <i>call</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Hunting)</i> <def>A note blown on the
horn to encourage the hounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A whistle or pipe, used
by the boatswain and his mate, to summon the sailors to
duty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Fowling)</i> <def>The cry of a bird;
also a noise or cry in imitation of a bird; or a pipe to call
birds by imitating their note or cry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Amer. Land Law)</i> <def>A reference
to, or statement of, an object, course, distance, or other matter
of description in a survey or grant requiring or calling for a
corresponding object, etc., on the land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>The privilege to demand the delivery
of stock, grain, or any commodity, at a fixed, price, at or
within a certain time agreed on.</def> [Brokers' Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Assessment</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At call</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>On
call</b></col>, <cd>liable to be demanded at any moment without
previous notice; as money on deposit.</cd> -- <col><b>Call
bird</b></col>, <cd>a bird taught to allure others into a
snare.</cd> -- <col><b>Call boy</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A boy who calls the actors in a theater; a boy who transmits
the orders of the captain of a vessel to the engineer, helmsman,
etc.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A waiting boy who answers a
cal, or cames at the ringing of a bell; a bell boy.</cd> --
<col><b>Call note</b></col>, <cd>the note naturally used by the
male bird to call the female. It is artificially applied by
birdcatchers as a decoy.</cd> <i>Latham.</i> -- <col><b>Call of
the house</b></col> <i>(Legislative Bodies)</i>, <cd>a calling
over the names of members, to discover who is absent, or for
other purposes; a calling of names with a view to obtaining the
ayes and noes from the persons named.</cd> -- <col><b>Call to the
bar</b></col>, <cd>admission to practice in the courts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cal"la</hw> (k&abreve;l"l&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Linn&aelig;us derived <i>Calla</i> fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;
a cock's wattles but cf. L. <i>calla</i>, <i>calsa</i>, name of
an unknown plant, and Gr. <grk>kalo`s</grk> beautiful.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants, of the order
<i>Arace&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common <i>Calla</i> of cultivation is <i>Richardia
Africana</i>, belonging to another genus of the same order. Its
large spathe is pure white, surrounding a fleshy spike, which is
covered with minute apetalous flowers.</p>

<p><hw>Cal"lat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Callet</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>callat</i> of boundless tongue.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Calle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Caul</u>.]
<def>A kind of head covering; a caul.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Call"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
calls.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cal"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Scot.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cool; refreshing; fresh; as, a
<i>caller</i> day; the <i>caller</i> air.</def>
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fresh; in good condition; as,
<i>caller</i> berrings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. &amp; Gael.
<i>caile</i> a country woman, strumpet.] <def>A trull or
prostitute; a scold or gossip.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>callat</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal"let</hw> <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rail or
scold.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Brathwait.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>callidus</i>, fr. <i>callere</i> to be thick-skinned, to be
hardened, to be practiced, fr. <i>callum</i>, <i>callus</i>,
callous skin, callosity, callousness.] <def>Characterized by
cunning or shrewdness; crafty.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal*lid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calliditas</i>.] <def>Acuteness of discernment; cunningness;
shrewdness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her eagly-eyed <i>callidity</i>.<BR>
<i>C. Smart.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cal*lig"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in calligraphy; a good penman.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cal`li*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Cal`li*graph"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;; pref. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;- (fr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; beautiful) + &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to write; cf. F.
<i>calligraphique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
calligraphy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Excellence in the <i>calligraphic</i> act.<BR>
<i>T. Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cal*lig"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
calligrapher</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*lig"ra*phy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;: cf. F. <i>calligraphie</i>.]
<def>Fair or elegant penmanship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Call"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who calls; a crying aloud, esp. in order to
summon, or to attact the attention of, some one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A summoning or convocation, as of
Parliament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The frequent <i>calling</i> and meeting of
Parlaiment.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A divine summons or invitation; also,
the state of being divinely called.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who hath . . . called us with an holy
<i>calling</i>.<BR>
<i>2 Tim. i. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Give diligence to make yior <i>calling</i> . . .
sure.<BR>
<i>2 Pet. i. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A naming, or inviting; a reading over
or reciting in order, or a call of names with a view to obtaining
an answer, as in legislative bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One's usual occupation, or employment;
vocation; business; trade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The humble <i>calling</i> of ter female
parent.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The persons, collectively, engaged in
any particular professions or employment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To impose celibacy on wholy <i>callings</i>.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Title; appellation; name.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am more proud to be Sir Rowland's son<BR>
His youngest son, and would not change that <i>calling</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Occupation; employment; business; trade;
profession; office; engagement; vocation.</p>

<p><hw>Cal*li"o*pe</hw> (k&abreve;l*l&imacr;"&osl;*p&esl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Calliope</i>, Gr.
<grk>Kallio`ph</grk>, lit, the beautiful-voiced; pref.
<grk>kalli-</grk> (from <grk>kalo`s</grk> beautiful) +
<grk>'o`ps</grk>, <grk>'opo`s</grk>, voice.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The Muse that presides over eloquence
and heroic poetry; mother of Orpheus, and chief of the nine
Muses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the asteroids.
See <u>Solar</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A musical instrument consisting of a
series of steam whistles, toned to the notes of the scale, and
played by keys arranged like those of an organ. It is sometimes
attached to steamboat boilers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A beautiful
species of humming bird (<i>Stellula Calliope</i>) of California
and adjacent regions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cal`li*op"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. pref. <grk>kalli-</grk> (fr. <grk>kalo`s</grk> beautiful) +
<grk>'o`psis</grk> appearance.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A popular name
given to a few species of the genus <i>Coreopsis</i>, especially
to <i>C. tinctoria</i> of Arkansas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`li*pash"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Calipash</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`li*pee"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Calipee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`li*pers</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
Calipers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`li*sec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>callere</i> to be insensible + E. <i>section</i>.]
<def>Painless vivisection; -- opposed to
<i>sentisection</i>.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cal`lis*then"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<hw>Cal`lis*then"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> } <def>See
<u>Calisthenic</u>, <u>Calisthenics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"li*thump`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
somewhat riotous parade, accompanied with the blowing of tin
horns, and other discordant noises; also, a burlesque serenade; a
charivari.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal`li*thump"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, a callithump.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cal*lo"san</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of the callosum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"lose</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Callous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Furnished with protuberant or
hardened spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Callosities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>callasitas</i>; cf. F.
<i>calost&eacute;</i>.] <def>A hard or thickened spot or
protuberance; a hardening and thickening of the skin or bark of a
part, eps. as a result of continued pressure or
friction.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cal*lo"sum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>callosus</i> callous, hard.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The great
band commissural fibers which unites the two cerebral
hemispheres. See <i>corpus callosum</i>, under
<u>Carpus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"lot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plant coif
or skullcap. Same as <u>Calotte</u>.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>callosus</i> callous hard, fr. <i>callum</i>, <i>callus</i>,
callous skin: cf. F. <i>calleux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hardened; indurated.</def>  "A <i>callous</i> hand."
<i>Goldsmith.</i> "A <i>callous</i> ulcer." <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hardened in mind; insensible;
unfeeling; unsusceptible.</def> "The <i>callous</i> diplomatist."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is an immense blessing to be perfectly
<i>callous</i> to ridicule.<BR>
<i>T. Arnold.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Obdurate; hard; hardened; indurated;
insensible; unfeeling; unsusceptible. See <u>Obdurate</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Cal"lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cal"lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>callousness</i> and numbness of soul.<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>calewe</i>,
<i>calu</i>, bald, AS. <i>calu</i>; akin to D. <i>kaal</i>, OHG.
<i>chalo</i>, G. <i>Kuhl</i>; cf. L. <i>calvus</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of feathers; naked;
unfledged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An in the leafy summit, spied a nest,<BR>
Which, o'er the <i>callow</i> young, a sparrow pressed.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Immature; boyish; "green"; as, a
<i>callow</i> youth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I perceive by this, thou art but a <i>callow</i>
maid.<BR>
<i>Old Play [1675].</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cal*low"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> [Named from its note.] <def>A kind of duck.
See <u>Old squaw</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"lus</hw> (k&abreve;l"l&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. See <u>Callous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Callosity</u></def>.
<sd><i>(b </i></sd> <def>The material of repair in fractures of
bone; a substance exuded at the site of fracture, which is at
first soft or cartilaginous in consistence, but is ultimately
converted into true bone and unites the fragments into a single
piece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>The new formation over
the end of a cutting, before it puts out rootlets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calm</hw> (k&auml;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>calme</i>, F. <i>calme</i>, fr. It. or Sp. <i>calma</i> (cf.
Pg. <i>calma</i> heat), prob. fr. LL. <i>cauma</i> heat, fr. Gr.
<grk>kay^ma</grk> burning heat, fr. <grk>kai`ein</grk> to burn;
either because during a great heat there is generally also a
calm, or because the hot time of the day obliges us seek for
shade and quiet; cf. <u>Caustic</u>] <def>Freedom from motion,
agitation, or disturbance; a cessation or absence of that which
causes motion or disturbance, as of winds or waves; tranquility;
stillness; quiet; serenity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wind ceased, and there was a great
<i>calm</i>.<BR>
<i>Mark. iv. 39.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>calm</i> before a storm is commonly a peace
of a man's own making.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Calm</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Calmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Calming</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>calmer</i>. See <u>Calm</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make calm; to
render still or quiet, as elements; as, <i>to calm</i> the
winds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>calm</i> the tempest raised by Eolus.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deliver from agitation or
excitement; to still or soothe, as the mind or
passions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Passions which seem somewhat <i>calmed</i>.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To still; quiet; appease; allay; pacify;
tranquilize; soothe; compose; assuage; check; restrain.</p>

<p><! p. 206 !></p>

<p><hw>Calm</hw> (k&auml;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Calmer</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>super.</i></pos> <u>Calmest</u> (-&ebreve;st)]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not stormy; without motion, as of winds
or waves; still; quiet; serene; undisturbed.</def> "<i>Calm</i>
was the day."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now all is <i>calm</i>, and fresh, and still.<BR>
<i>Bryant.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Undisturbed by passion or emotion; not
agitated or excited; tranquil; quiet in act or speech.</def>
"<i>Calm</i> and sinless peace." <i>Milton.</i> "With <i>calm</i>
attention." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>calm</i> old age as conscience pure<BR>
And self-commanding hearts ensure.<BR>
<i>Keble.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Still; quiet; undisturbed; tranquil; peaceful;
serene; composed; unruffled; sedate; collected; placid.</p>

<p><hw>Calm"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, makes calm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calm"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a calm
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gentle stream which <i>calmly</i> flows.<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Calm"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
quality of being calm; quietness; tranquillity; self-
repose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gentle <i>calmness</i> of the flood.<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Hes <i>calmness</i> was the repose of conscious
power.<BR>
<i>E. Everett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Quietness; quietude; stillness; tranquillity;
serenity; repose; composure; sedateness; placidity.</p>

<p><hw>Cal"mucks</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; <i>sing.</i>
<singw><b>Calmuck</b></singw>. <def>A branch of the Mongolian
race inhabiting parts of the Russian and Chinese empires; also
(<i>sing.</i>), the language of the Calmucks.</def> [Written also
<i>Kalmucks</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Calm"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Fr. <u>Calm</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Tranquil; peaceful; calm.</def>
[Poet.] "A still and <i>calmy</i> day"  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"o*mel</hw> (k&abreve;l"&osl;*m&ebreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kalo`s</grk> beautiful +
<grk>me`las</grk> black. So called from its being white, though
made from a black mixture of mercury and corrosive sublimate. Cf.
F. <i>calom&eacute;las</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Mild chloride of
mercury, Hg<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>, a heavy, white or
yellowish white substance, insoluble and tasteless, much used in
medicine as a mercurial and purgative; mercurous chloride. It
occurs native as the mineral horn quicksilver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`o*res"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calor</i> heat.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The conversion of
obscure radiant heat into light; the transmutation of rays of
heat into others of higher refrangibility.</def>
<i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>calor</i>
heat; cf. F. <i>calorique</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The
principle of heat, or the agent to which the phenomena of heat
and combustion were formerly ascribed; -- not now used in
scientific nomenclature, but sometimes used as a general term for
heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Caloric</i> expands all bodies.<BR>
<i>Henry.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lor"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to caloric.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Caloric engine</b></col>, <cd>a kind of engine
operated by heated air.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cal`o*ric"ity</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A faculty in animals of developing and
preserving the heat necessary to life, that is, the animal
heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lor"i*duct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calor</i> heat (fr. <i>calere</i> to warm) + E. <i>duct</i>.]
<def>A tube or duct for conducting heat; a caliduct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"o*rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>calor</i> heat.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The unit of heat
according to the French standard; the amount of heat required to
raise the temperature of one kilogram (sometimes, one gram) of
water one degree centigrade, or from 0&deg; to 1&deg;. Compare
the English standard unit, <i>Foot pound</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lor`i*fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>See <u>Calorificient</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lor"i*fere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>calorif&egrave;re</i>, fr. L. <i>calor</i> heat + <i>ferre</i>
to bear.] <def>An apparatus for conveying and distributing heat,
especially by means of hot water circulating in tubes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lor`i*fi"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>See <u>Calorificient</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`o*rif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calorificus</i>; <i>calor</i> heat + <i>facere</i> to make;
cf. F. <i>calorifique</i>.] <def>Possessing the quality of
producing heat; heating.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calorific rays</b></col>, <cd>the invisible, heating
rays which emanate from the sun, and from burning and heated
bodies.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lor`i*fi*ca"tion</hw>
(k&adot;*l&obreve;r`&ibreve;*f&ibreve;*k&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>calorification</i>.]
<def>Production of heat, esp. animal heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lor`i*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Having, or relating to the power of
producing heat; -- applied to foods which, being rich in carbon,
as the fats, are supposed to give rise to heat in the animal body
by oxidation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`o*rim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calor</i> heat + <i>-meter</i>; cf. F.
<i>calorim&egrave;tre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>An apparatus for measuring the amount of heat contained in
bodies or developed by some mechanical or chemical process, as
friction, chemical combination, combustion, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engineering)</i> <def>An apparatus for
measuring the proportion of unevaporated water contained in
steam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lor`i*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the process of using the calorimeter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Satisfactory <i>calorimetric</i> results.<BR>
<i>Nichol.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cal`o*rim"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Measurement of the quantities of heat in
bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lor`i*mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calor</i> heat + E. <i>motor</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A
voltaic battery, having a large surface of plate, and producing
powerful heating effects.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ca*lotte"</hw> (?), <hw>Cal"lot</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>calotte</i>, dim. of <i>cale</i> a
sort of flat cap. Cf. <u>Caul</u>.] <def>A close cap without
visor or brim.</def> Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Such a
cap, worn by English serjeants at law.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Such a cap, worn by the French cavalry under their
helmets.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Such a cap, worn by the
clergy of the Roman Catholic Church.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To assume the calotte</b></col>, <cd>to become a
priest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cal"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kalo`s</grk> beautiful + <grk>ty`pos</grk> type.]
<i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A method of taking photographic pictures,
on paper sensitized with iodide of silver; -- also called
<i>Talbotype</i>, from the inventor, Mr. Fox.
<i>Talbot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*loy"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. NGr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; a monk; <grk>kalo`s</grk> beautiful,
good + &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;, equiv. to Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; an old
man.] <def>A monk of the Greek Church; a cenobite, anchoret, or
recluse of the rule of St. Basil, especially, one on or near Mt.
Athos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calque</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Calk</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cal"trop</hw> (?), <hw>Cal"trap</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>calketrappe</i>, <i>calletrappe</i>,
caltor (in both senses), fr. AS. <i>collr&aelig;ppe</i>,
<i>calcetreppe</i>, sort of thistle; cf. F. <i>chaussetrape</i>
star thistle, trap, It. <i>calcatreppo</i>, <i>calcatreppolo</i>,
star thistle. Perh. from L. <i>calx</i> heel + the same word as
E. <i>trap</i>. See 1st <u>Trap</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of herbaceous plants (<i>Tribulus</i>)
of the order <i>Zygophylle&aelig;</i>, having a hard several-
celled fruit, armed with stout spines, and resembling the
military instrument of the same name. The species grow in warm
countries, and are often very annoying to cattle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An instrument with four
iron points, so disposed that, any three of them being on the
ground, the other projects upward. They are scattered on the
ground where an enemy's cavalry are to pass, to impede their
progress by endangering the horses' feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lum"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [from
<i>kalumb</i>, its native name in Mozambique.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The root of a plant (<i>Jateorrhiza Calumba</i>, and
probably <i>Cocculus palmatus</i>), indigenous in Mozambique. It
has an unpleasantly bitter taste, and is used as a tonic and
antiseptic.</def> [Written also <i>colombo</i>, <i>columbo</i>,
and <i>calombo</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>American calumba</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Frasera
Carolinensis</i>, also called <i>American gentian</i>. Its root
has been used in medicine as bitter tonic in place of
<i>calumba</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lum"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A bitter principle extracted as a white crystalline
substance from the calumba root.</def> [Written also
<i>colombin</i>, and <i>columbin</i>]</p>

<p><hw>Cal"u*met</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>calumet</i>, fr. L. <i>calamus</i> reed. See <u>Halm</u>, and
cf. <u>Shawm</u>.] <def>A kind of pipe, used by the North
American Indians for smoking tobacco. The bowl is usually made of
soft red stone, and the tube is a long reed often ornamented with
feathers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Smoked the <i>calumet</i>, the Peace pipe,<BR>
As a signal to the nations.<BR>
<i>Lowgfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>calumet</i> is used as a symbol of peace. To
accept the calumet is to agree to terms of peace, and to refuse
it is to reject them. The calumet of peace is used to seal or
ratify contracts and alliances, and as an evidence to strangers
that they are welcome.</p>

<p><hw>Ca*lum"ni*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Calumniated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>calumniating</u>.] [L.
<i>calumniatus</i>, p. p. of <i>calumniari</i>. See
<u>Calumny</u>, and cf. <u>Challenge</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>To accuse falsely and maliciously of a crime
or offense, or of something disreputable; to slander; to
libel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hatred unto the truth did always falsely report
and <i>calumniate</i> all godly men's doings.<BR>
<i>Strype.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Syn</b></col>. -- <cd>To asperse; slander; defame;
vilify; traduce; belie; bespatter; blacken; libel. See
<u>Asperse</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lum"ni*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
propagate evil reports with a design to injure the reputation of
another; to make purposely false charges of some offense or
crime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lum`ni*a"tion</hw>
(k&adot;*l&ubreve;m`n&ibreve;*&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>False accusation of crime or offense,
or a malicious and false representation of the words or actions
of another, with a view to injure his good name.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>calumniation</i> of her principal
counselors.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lum`ni*a"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>One who calumniates.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Slanderer; defamer; libeler; traducer.</p>

<p><hw>Ca*lum"ni*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing calumny; slanderous.</def>  <i>Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lum"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calumniosus</i>.] <def>Containing or implying calumny; false,
malicious, and injurious to reputation; slanderous; as,
<i>calumnious</i> reports.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Virtue itself 'scapes not <i>calumnious</i>
strokes.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>. Slanderous; defamatory; scurrilous; opprobrious; derogatory;
libelous; abusive.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ca*lum"ni*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ca*lum"ni*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cal"um*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Calumnies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>calumnia</i>, fr.
<i>calvi</i> to devise tricks, deceive; cf. F. <i>calomnie</i>.
Cf. <u>Challenge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>False accusation
of a crime or offense, maliciously made or reported, to the
injury of another; malicious misrepresentation; slander;
detraction.</def> "Infamous <i>calumnies</i>."
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be thou as chaste as ice, as pure as snow, thou
shalt not escape <i>calumny</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cal*va"ri*a</hw> (k&abreve;l*v&amacr;"r&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Calvary</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The bones of the cranium; more especially, the bones of the
domelike upper portion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"va*ry</hw> (k&abreve;l"v&adot;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>calvaria</i> a bare skull, fr.
<i>calva</i> the scalp without hair. fr. <i>calvus</i> bald; cf.
F. <i>calvaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The place where
Christ was crucified, on a small hill outside of Jerusalem.</def>
<i>Luke xxiii. 33.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The Latin <i>calvaria</i> is a translation of the Greek
<grk>krani`on</grk> of the Evangelists, which is an
interpretation of the Hebrew <i>Golgotha</i>.  <i>Dr. W.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A representation of the crucifixion,
consisting of three crosses with the figures of Christ and the
thieves, often as large as life, and sometimes surrounded by
figures of other personages who were present at the
crucifixion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A cross, set upon three
steps; -- more properly called <i>cross calvary</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calve</hw> (k&auml;v), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Calved</u> 3; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Calving</u>.] [AS. <i>cealfian</i>. See
<u>Calf</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth a
calf.</def> "Their cow <i>calveth</i>."  <i>Job xxi. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth young; to produce
offspring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Canst thou mark when the hinds do
<i>calve</i>?<BR>
<i>Job xxxix. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The grassy clods now <i>calved</i>.<BR>
<i>Molton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ver</hw> (k&abreve;l"v&etilde;r), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut in slices and pickle,
as salmon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For a change, leave <i>calvered</i> salmon and eat
sprats.<BR>
<i>Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To crimp; as, <i>calvered</i>
salmon.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"ver</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bear, or be
susceptible of, being calvered; as, grayling's flesh will
<i>calver</i>.</def>  <i>Catton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Calves"*snout</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Snapdragon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"vin*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>Calvinisme</i>.] <def>The theological tenets or doctrines of
John Calvin (a French theologian and reformer of the 16th
century) and his followers, or of the so-called calvinistic
churches.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The distinguishing doctrines of this system, usually
termed the <i>five points of Calvinism</i>, are original sin or
total depravity, election or predestination, particular
redemption, effectual calling, and the perseverance of the
saints. It has been subject to many variations and modifications
in different churches and at various times.</p>

<p><hw>Cal"vin*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>Calviniste</i>.] <def>A follower of Calvin; a believer in
Calvinism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cal`vin*is"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Cal`vin*is"tic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Calvin, or
Calvinism; following Calvin; accepting or Teaching
Calvinism.</def> "<i>Calvinistic</i> training."
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cal"vin*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
convert to Calvinism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calv"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a calf;
stupid.</def>  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Calx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Calxes</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Calces</b></plw> (#).
[L. <i>Calx</i>, <i>calcis</i>. limestone; cf. Gr. &?; gravel.
&?;, &?;, pebble, Skr. &?; gravel, Ir. <i>carraic</i> rock Gael.
<i>carraig</i>, W. <i>careg</i>, stone. Cf. <u>Chalk</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Quicklime.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
substance which remains when a metal or mineral has been
subjected to calcination or combustion by heat, and which is, or
may be, reduced to a fine powder.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Metallic calxes are now called <i>oxides</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Broken and refuse glass, returned to
the post.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*lyc`i*flo"ral</hw> (?), <hw>cal*lyc`i*flo"rous</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>calyx</i>, <i>-ycis</i>, calyx
+ <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
the petals and stamens adnate to the calyx; -- applied to a
subclass of dicotyledonous plants in the system of the French
botanist Candolle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lyc"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calyx</i>, <i>calycis</i>, calyx + <i>-form</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form or appearance of a
calyx.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*lyc"i*nal</hw> (?), <hw>Cal"y*cine</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a calyx;
having the nature of a calyx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"y*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>calyculus</i> small flower bud, calyx, dim. of <i>calyx</i>.
See <u>Calyx</u>, and cf. <u>Calicle</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
row of small bracts, at the base of the calyx, on the
outside.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"y*cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Calyculate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cal`y*co*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, cup or calyx a flower + &?; animal.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of acalephs of which
<i>Lucernaria</i> is the type. The body is cup-shaped with eight
marginal lobes bearing clavate tentacles. An aboral sucker serves
for attachment. The interior is divided into four large
compartments. See <u>Lucernarida</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lyc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, the bracts of a
calycle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*lyc"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Ca*lyc"u*la`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a set of bracts
resembling a calyx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lym"e*ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. (&?;)
concealed, p. p. of &?; to conceal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of trilobites characteristic of the Silurian age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal"yon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Flint or
pebble stone, used in building walls, etc.</def>
<i>Haliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lyp"so</hw> (k&adot;*l&ibreve;p"s&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The Latinized Greek name of a beautiful
nymph.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small and beautiful species of
orchid, having a flower variegated with purple, pink, and yellow.
It grows in cold and wet localities in the northern part of the
United States. The <i>Calypso borealis</i> is the only orchid
which reaches 68&deg; N.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lyp"tra</hw> (k&adot;*l&ibreve;p"tr&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>kaly`ptra</grk> a
covering for the head, fr. <grk>kaly`ptein</grk> to cover.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A little hood or veil, resembling an
extinguisher in form and position, covering each of the small
flasklike capsules which contain the spores of mosses; also, any
similar covering body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*lyp"tri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Calyptra</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form a
calyptra, or extinguisher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"lyx</hw> (k&amacr;"l&ibreve;ks; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Calyxes</b></plw>
(#), L. <plw><b>Calyces</b></plw>
(k&abreve;l"&ibreve;*s&emacr;z). [L. <i>calyx</i>, <i>-ycis</i>,
fr. Gr. <grk>ka`lyx</grk> husk, shell, calyx, from the root of
<grk>kaly`ptein</grk> to cover, conceal. Cf. <u>Chalice
Helmet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The covering
of a flower. See <u>Flower</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>calyx</i> is usually green and foliaceous, but
becomes delicate and petaloid in such flowers as the anemone and
the four-o'clock. Each leaf of the calyx is called a
<i>sepal</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A cuplike division of
the pelvis of the kidney, which surrounds one or more of the
renal papill&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal*zoons"</hw> (k&abreve;l*z&oomac;nz"), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [F. <i>cale&ccedil;ons</i> (cf. It. <i>calzoni</i>
breeches), fr. L. <i>calceus</i> shoe.] <def>Drawers.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cam</hw> (k&abreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan.
<i>kam</i> comb, ridge; or cf. W., Gael., and Ir., <i>cam</i>
bent. See 1st <u>Comb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A turning or sliding piece which, by the
shape of its periphery or face, or a groove in its surface,
imparts variable or intermittent motion to, or receives such
motion from, a rod, lever, or block brought into sliding or
rolling contact with it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A curved
wedge, movable about an axis, used for forcing or clamping two
pieces together.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A projecting part
of a wheel or other moving piece so shaped as to give alternate
or variable motion to another piece against which it
acts.</def></p>

<p><! p. 207 !></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Cams</i> are much used in machinery involving
complicated, and irregular movements, as in the sewing machine,
pin machine, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ridge or mound of earth.</def>
[Prow. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cam wheel</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a wheel with
one or more projections (cams) or depressions upon its periphery
or upon its face; one which is set or shaped eccentrically, so
that its revolutions impart a varied, reciprocating, or
intermittent motion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cam</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Kam</u>.]
<def>Crooked.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*ma"ieu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; of unknown
origin. Cf. <u>Cameo</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cameo.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Painting in shades
of one color; monochrome.</def>  <i>Mollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*mail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>camail</i>
(cf. It. <i>camaglio</i>), fr. L. <i>caput</i> head + source of
E. <i>mail</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ancient Armor)</i> <def>A
neck guard of chain mall, hanging from the bascinet or other
headpiece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hood of other material than
mail;</def> esp. <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <def>a hood worn in church
services, -- the amice, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cam`a*ra*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. fr.
Gr. &?; a vaulted chamber + &?; lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A
genus of gigantic American Jurassic dinosaurs, having large
cavities in the bodies of the dorsal vertebr&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`ma*ril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., a
small room.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The private audience chamber of a
king.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A company of secret and irresponsible
advisers, as of a king; a cabal or clique.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"ass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [American Indian
name.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A blue-flowered liliaceous plant
(<i>Camassia esculenta</i>) of northwestern America, the bulbs of
which are collected for food by the Indians.</def> [Written also
<i>camas</i>, <i>cammas</i>, and <i>quamash</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Eastern cammass</i> is <i>Camassia
Fraseri</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Cam"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of. <i>cambre</i>
bent, curved; akin to F. <i>cambrer</i> to vault, to bend, fr. L.
<i>camerare</i> to arch over, fr. <i>camera</i> vault, arch. See
<u>Chamber</u>, and cf. <u>Camerate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>An upward convexity of a deck or other
surface; as, she has a high <i>camber</i> (said of a vessel
having an unusual convexity of deck).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An upward concavity in
the under side of a beam, girder, or lintel; also, a slight
upward concavity in a straight arch. See
<u>Hogback</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Camber arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an arch
whose intrados, though apparently straight, has a slightly
concave curve upward.</cd> -- <col><b>Camber beam</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a beam whose under side has a concave curve
upward.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cam"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cambered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cambering</u>.] <def>To cut bend to an upward
curve; to construct, as a deck, with an upward curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To curve
upward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"ber*keeled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Having the keel arched upwards, but not
actually hogged; -- said of a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"bi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>cambialis</i>, fr. <i>cambiars</i>. See <u>Change</u>.]
<def>Belonging to exchanges in commerce; of exchange.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cam"bist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cambiste</i>, It. <i>cambista</i>, fr. L. <i>cambire</i> to
exchange. See <u>Change</u>.] <def>A banker; a money changer or
broker; one who deals in bills of exchange, or who is skilled in
the science of exchange.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"bist*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
science of exchange, weight, measures, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"bi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>cambium</i> exchange, fr. L. <i>cambire</i> to exchange. It
was supposed that cambium was sap changing into wood.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A series of formative cells
lying outside of the wood proper and inside of the inner bark.
The growth of new wood takes place in the cambium, which is very
soft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A fancied nutritive
juice, formerly supposed to originate in the blood, to repair
losses of the system, and to promote its increase.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cam"blet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Camlet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam*boge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gamboge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam*boose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <u>Caboose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"bra*sine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
linen cloth made in Egypt, and so named from its resemblance to
cambric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"brel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gambrel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cam"bri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The ancient
Latin name of Wales. It is used by modern poets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"bri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
Cambria or Wales.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
lowest subdivision of the rocks of the Silurian or Molluscan age;
-- sometimes described as inferior to the Silurian. It is named
from its development in <i>Cambria</i> or Wales. See the Diagram
under <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"bri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native of Cambria or Wales.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The Cambrian
formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"bric</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>camerike</i>, fr. <i>Cambrai</i> (Flemish <i>Kamerik</i>), a
city of France (formerly of Flanders), where it was first made.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fine, thin, and white fabric made of
flax or linen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath ribbons of all the colors i' the rainbow;
. . . inkles, caddises, <i>cambrics</i>, lawns.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fabric made, in imitation of linen
cambric, of fine, hardspun cotton, often with figures of various
colors; -- also called <i>cotton cambric</i>, and <i>cambric
muslin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"bro-Brit"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Welshman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Came</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Come</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Came</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot.
<i>came</i>, <i>caim</i>, comb, and OE. <i>camet</i> silver.]
<def>A slender rod of cast lead, with or without grooves, used,
in casements and stained-glass windows, to hold together the
panes or pieces of glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"el</hw> (k&abreve;m"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Oe. <i>camel</i>, <i>chamel</i>, OF. <i>camel</i>,
<i>chamel</i>, F. <i>chameau</i> L. <i>camelus</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>ka`mhlos</grk>; of Semitic origin; cf. Heb.
<i>g&amacr;m&amacr;l</i>, Ar. <i>jamal</i>. Cf. As. <i>camel</i>,
fr. L. <i>camelus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large ruminant used in Asia and Africa for carrying
burdens and for riding. The camel is remarkable for its ability
to go a long time without drinking. Its hoofs are small, and
situated at the extremities of the toes, and the weight of the
animal rests on the callous. The dromedary (<i>Camelus
dromedarius</i>) has one bunch on the back, while the Bactrian
camel (<i>C. Bactrianus</i>) has two. The llama, alpaca, and
vicu&ntilde;a, of South America, belong to a related genus
(<i>Auchenia</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A water-tight structure
(as a large box or boxes) used to assist a vessel in passing over
a shoal or bar or in navigating shallow water. By admitting
water, the camel or camels may be sunk and attached beneath or at
the sides of a vessel, and when the water is pumped out the
vessel is lifted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Camel bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
ostrich.</cd> -- <col><b>Camel locust</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the mantis.</cd> -- <col><b>Camel's
thorn</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low, leguminous shrub
(<i>Alhagi maurorum</i>) of the Arabian desert, from which exudes
a sweetish gum, which is one of the substances called
<i>manna</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cam"el-backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
a back like a camel; humpbacked.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*me"le*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chaceleon</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*mel"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; -- named
after <i>Kamel</i>, a Jesuit who is said to have brought it from
the East.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An Asiatic genus of small shrubs,
often with shining leaves and showy flowers. <i>Camellia
Japonica</i> is much cultivated for ornament, and <i>C.
Sassanqua</i> and <i>C. oleifera</i> are grown in China for the
oil which is pressed from their seeds. The tea plant is now
referred to this genus under the name of <i>Camellia
Thea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*mel"o*pard</hw> (k&adot;*m&ebreve;l"&osl;*p&auml;rd
<i>or</i> k&abreve;m"&ebreve;l*&osl;*p&auml;rd; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>camelopardus</i>, L.
<i>camelopardalus</i>, <i>camelopardalis</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>kamhlopa`rdalis</grk>; <grk>ka`mhlos</grk> a camel +
<grk>pa`rdalis</grk> pard, leopard: cf. F.
<i>cam&eacute;lopard</i>. The camelopard has a neck and head like
a camel, and is spotted like a pard. See <u>Camel</u>, and
<u>Pard</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African ruminant; the
giraffe. See <u>Giraffe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Came"lot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Camelet</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cam"els*hair`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
camel's hair.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Camel's-hair pencil</b></col>, <cd>a small brush used
by painters in water colors, made of camel's hair or similar
materials.</cd> -- <col><b>Camel's-hair shawl</b></col>. <cd>A
name often given to a <i>cashmere shawl</i>. See <i>Cashmere
shawl</i> under <u>Cashmere</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cam"e*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cameos</b></plw> (#). [It <i>cammeo</i>; akin to F.
<i>cam&eacute;e</i>, <i>cama&iuml;eu</i>, Sp. <i>camafeo</i>, LL.
<i>camaeus</i>, <i>camahutus</i>; of unknown origin.] <def>A
carving in relief, esp. one on a small scale used as a jewel for
personal adornment, or like.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Most cameos are carved in a material which has layers
of different colors, such stones as the onyx and sardonyx, and
various kinds of shells, being used.</p>

<p><col><b>Cameo conch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
large, marine, univalve shell, esp. <i>Cassis cameo</i>, <i>C.
rua</i>, and allied species, used for cutting cameos. See
<u>Quern conch</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cam"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Cameras</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Camerae</b></plw> (#).
[L. vault, arch, LL., chamber. See <u>Chamber</u>.] <def>A
chamber, or instrument having a chamber.  Specifically: The
<i>camera obscura</i> when used in photography. See
<u>Camera</u>, and <u>Camera obscura</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bellows camera</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bellows</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>In camera</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>in a judge's chamber, that is, privately; as, a judge hears
testimony which is not fit for the open court <i>in
camera</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Panoramic</b></col>, or
<col><b>Pantascopic</b></col>, <col><b>camera</b></col>, <cd>a
photographic camera in which the lens and sensitized plate
revolve so as to expose adjacent parts of the plate successively
to the light, which reaches it through a narrow vertical slit; --
used in photographing broad landscapes.</cd>  <i>Abney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Came"rade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Comrade</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cam`e*ra*lis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to finance and public revenue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam`e*ra*lis"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cam&eacute;ralistique</i>, G. <i>kameralistik</i>, fr. L.
<i>camera</i> vault, LL., chamber, treasury.] <def>The science of
finance or public revenue.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cam"e*ra lu"ci*da</hw> (?). [L. <i>camera</i> chamber +
L. <i>lucidus</i>, <i>lucida</i>, lucid, light.] <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>An instrument which by means of a prism of a peculiar form,
or an arrangement of mirrors, causes an apparent image of an
external object or objects to appear as if projected upon a plane
surface, as of paper or canvas, so that the outlines may
conveniently traced. It is generally used with the
microscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cam"e*ra ob*scu"ra</hw> (?). [LL. <i>camera</i> chamber
+ L. <i>obscurus</i>, <i>obscura</i>, dark.] <i>(Opt.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An apparatus in which the images of
external objects, formed by a convex lens or a concave mirror,
are thrown on a paper or other white surface placed in the focus
of the lens or mirror within a darkened chamber, or box, so that
the outlines may be traced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>An apparatus in which
the image of an external object or objects is, by means of
lenses, thrown upon a sensitized plate or surface placed at the
back of an extensible darkened box or chamber variously modified;
-- commonly called simply <i>the camera</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Camerated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Camerzting</u>.] [L. <i>cameratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>camerare</i>. See <u>Camber</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
build in the form of a vault; to arch over.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divide into chambers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cameratio</i>.] <def>A vaulting or arching over.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ca`mer*lin"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<def>The papal chamberlain; the cardinal who presides over the
pope's household. He has at times possessed great power.</def>
[Written also <i>camerlengo</i> and <i>camarlengo</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cam`e*ro"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
follower of the Rev. Richard <i>Cameron</i>, a Scotch Covenanter
of the time of Charles II.</def></p>

<p>Cameron and others refused to accept the "indulgence" offered
the Presbyterian clergy, insisted on the Solemn league and
Covenant, and in 1680 declared Charles II. deposed for tyranny,
breach of faith, etc.  Cameron was killed at the battle of
Airdmoss, but his followers became a denomination (afterwards
called Reformed Presbyterians) who refused to recognize laws or
institutions which they believed contrary to the kingdom of
Christ, but who now avail themselves of political rights.</p>

<p><hw>Cam"is</hw> (k&abreve;m"&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Chemise</u>.] <def>A light, loose dress or robe.</def>
[Also written <i>camus</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All in a <i>camis</i> light of purple silk.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cam`i*sade"</hw> (?), <hw>Cam`i*sa"do</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>camisade</i> a night attack; cf. It.
<i>camiciata</i>. See <u>Camis</u>.] [Obs.] <i>(Mil.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A shirt worn by soldiers over their
uniform, in order to be able to recognize one another in a night
attack.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An attack by surprise by
soldiers wearing the camisado.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give them a <i>camisado</i> in night season.<BR>
<i>Holinshed.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cam"i*sard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>One
of the French Protestant insurgents who rebelled against Louis
XIV, after the revocation of the edict of Nates; -- so called
from the peasant's smock (<i>camise</i>) which they
wore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"i*sa`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dressed
with a shirt over the other garments.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cam"i*sole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>chemise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short dressing jacket
for women.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of straitjacket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>camelot</i>
(akin to Sp. <i>camelote</i>, <i>chamelote</i>, It.
<i>cambellbito</i>, <i>ciambellotto</i>, LL. <i>camelotum</i>,
<i>camelinum</i>, fr. Ar. <i>khamlat</i> camlet, fr. <i>kaml</i>
pile, plush. The word was early confused with <i>camel</i>,
camel's hair also being used in making it. Cf. <u>Calamanco</u>]
<def>A woven fabric originally made of camel's hair, now chiefly
of goat's hair and silk, or of wool and cotton.</def> [Sometimes
written <i>camelot</i> and <i>camblet</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; They have been made plain and twilled, of single warp
and weft, of double warp, and sometimes with double weft also,
with thicker yarn.  <i>Beck (Draper's Dict. )</i></p>

<p><hw>Cam"let*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wavy or
undulating like camlet; veined.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cam"mas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Camass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"mock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cammoc</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant having long hard,
crooked roots, the <i>Ononis spinosa</i>; -- called also <i>rest-
harrow</i>. The <i>Scandix Pecten-Veneris</i> is also called
<i>cammock</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cam"o*mile</hw>, <hw>Cham"o*mile</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>[LL. <i>camonilla</i>, corrupted fr. Gr. &?;,
lit. earth apple, being so called from the smell of its flower.
See <u>Humble</u>, and <u>Melon</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of herbs (<i>Anthemis</i>) of the Composite family. The common
camomile, <i>A. nobilis</i>, is used as a popular remedy. Its
flowers have a strong and fragrant and a bitter, aromatic taste.
They are tonic, febrifugal, and in large doses emetic, and the
volatile oil is carminative.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*mon"flet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small mine, sometimes formed in the wall or
side of an enemy's gallery, to blow in the earth and cut off the
retreat of the miners.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca"mous</hw> (?), <hw>Ca"moys</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>camus</i> (equiv. to <i>camard</i>)
flat-nosed, fr. Celtic <i>Cam</i> croked + suff. <i>-us</i>; akin
to L. <i>camur</i>, <i>camurus</i>, croked.] <def>Flat;
depressed; crooked; -- said only of the nose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca"moused</hw>, (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Camouse</u>] <def>Depressed; flattened.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though my nose be <i>cammoused</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca"mous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Awry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Camp</hw> (k&abreve;mp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>camp</i>, It. <i>campo</i>, fr. L. <i>campus</i> plant, field;
akin to Gr. <grk>kh^pos</grk> garden. Cf. <u>Campaign</u>,
<u>Champ</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
ground or spot on which tents, huts, etc., are erected for
shelter, as for an army or for lumbermen, etc.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of tents, huts, etc., for
shelter, commonly arranged in an orderly manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forming a <i>camp</i> in the neighborhood of
Boston.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A single hut or shelter; as, a
hunter's <i>camp</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The company or body of persons
encamped, as of soldiers, of surveyors, of lumbermen,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>camp</i> broke up with the confusion of a
flight.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A mound of earth in
which potatoes and other vegetables are stored for protection
against frost; -- called also <i>burrow</i> and <i>pie</i>.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [Cf. OE. &amp; AS. <i>camp</i> contest, battle.
See <u>champion</u>.] <def>An ancient game of football, played in
some parts of England.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Camp bedstead</b></col>, <cd>a light bedstead that can
be folded up onto a small space for easy transportation.</cd> --
<col><b>camp ceiling</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a kind ceiling
often used in attics or garrets, in which the side walls are
inclined inward at the top, following the slope of the rafters,
to meet the plane surface of the upper ceiling.</cd> --
<col><b>Camp chair</b></col>, <cd>a light chair that can be
folded up compactly for easy transportation; the seat and back
are often made of strips or pieces of carpet.</cd> --
<col><b>Camp fever</b></col>, <cd>typhus fever.</cd> --
<col><b>Camp follower</b></col>, <cd>a civilian accompanying an
army, as a sutler, servant, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Camp
meeting</b></col>, <cd>a religious gathering for open-air
preaching, held in some retired spot, chiefly by Methodists. It
usually last for several days, during which those present lodge
in tents, temporary houses, or cottages.</cd> -- <col><b>Camp
stool</b></col>, <cd>the same as <i>camp chair</i>, except that
the stool has no back.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying camp</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a camp or body of troops formed for rapid
motion from one place to another. </cd> <i>Farrow.</i> --
<col><b>To pitch (a) camp</b></col>, <cd>to set up the tents or
huts of a camp.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike camp</b></col>, <cd>to
take down the tents or huts of a camp.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Camp</hw> (k&abreve;mp), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Camped</u> (k&abreve;mt; 215);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb n.</i></pos> <u>Camping</u>.] <def>To afford
rest or lodging for, as an army or travelers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had our great palace the capacity<BR>
To <i>camp</i> this host, we all would sup together.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 208 !></p>

<p><hw>Camp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pitch or prepare a camp; to encamp; to lodge in a camp; -
- often with <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>camped</i> out at night, under the
stars.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <u>Camp</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6]
<def>To play the game called camp.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cam*pa"gna</hw> (c&adot;m*p&auml;"ny&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See <u>Campaigg</u>.] <def>An open
level tract of country; especially "<i>Campagna</i> di Roma." The
extensive undulating plain which surrounds Rome.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Its length is commonly stated to be about ninety miles,
and its breadth from twenty-seven to forty miles. The ground is
almost entirely volcanic, and vapors which arise from the
district produce malaria.</p>

<p><hw>||Cam`pa`gnol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. , fr.
<i>campagne</i> field.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mouse
(<i>Arvicala agrestis</i>), called also <i>meadow mouse</i>,
which often does great damage in fields and gardens, by feeding
on roots and seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam*paign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>campagne</i>, It. <i>campagna</i>, fr. L. <i>Campania</i> the
level country about Naples, fr. <i>campus</i> field. See
<u>Camp</u>, and cf. <u>Champaign</u>, <u>Champagne</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An open field; a large, open plain
without considerable hills. See<u>Champaign</u>.</def>
<i>Grath.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A connected series of
military operations forming a distinct stage in a war; the time
during which an army keeps the field.</def>  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Political operations preceding an
election; a canvass.</def> [Cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The period during
which a blast furnace is continuously in operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam*paign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To serve
in a campaign.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam*paign"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
has served in an army in several campaigns; an old soldier; a
veteran.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam*pa"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>campana</i> bell. Cf. <u>Campanle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A church bell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The pasque flower.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Doric Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Gutta</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam*paned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Furnished with, or bearing, campanes, or bells.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cam`pa*ne"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., a
bellman.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bellbird of South America.
See <u>Bellbird</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam*panes"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<i>Campana</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Bells.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cam*pa"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Campaig</u>.] <def>Open country.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cam*pan"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>campana</i> bell + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>companiforme</i>.]
<def>Bell-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cam`pa*ni"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>campanile</i> bell tower, steeple, fr. It. &amp; LL.
<i>campana</i> bell.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A bell tower, esp. one
built separate from a church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many of the <i>campaniles</i> of Italy are lofty
and magnificent structures.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cam`pa*nil"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Campaniform</u>.] <def>Bell-shaped; campanulate;
campaniform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam`pa*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in campanology; a bell ringer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam`pa*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>campana</i> bell + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The art of ringing
bells, or a treatise on the art.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cam*pan"u*la</hw> (k&abreve;m*p&abreve;n"&usl;*l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>campanula</i> a little bell; dim. of
<i>campana</i> bell.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large genus of plants
bearing bell-shaped flowers, often of great beauty; -- also
called <i>bellflower</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam*pan`u*la"ceous</hw>
(k&abreve;m*p&abreve;n`&usl;*l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of pertaining to, or
resembling, the family of plants (<i>Campanulace&aelig;</i>) of
which Campanula is the type, and which includes the Canterbury
bell, the harebell, and the Venus's looking-glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam*pan`u*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>campanula</i> a bell.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hydroid of
the family <i>Campanularid&aelig;</i>, characterized by having
the polyps or zooids inclosed in bell-shaped calicles or
hydrothec&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam*pan"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bell-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Camp"bell*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
Alexander <i>Campbell</i>, of Virginia.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A
member of the denomination called Christians or Disciples of
Christ. They themselves repudiate the term <i>Campbellite</i> as
a nickname. See <u>Christian</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam*peach"y Wood`</hw> (?). [From the bay of
<i>Campeachy</i>, in Mexico.] <def>Logwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Camp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lodges
temporarily in a hut or camp.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cam*pes"tral</hw> (?), <hw>Cam*pes"tri*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>campester</i>, fr. <i>campus</i>
field.] <def>Relating to an open field; growing in a field, or
open ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Camp"fight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Camp</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.] <i>(O. Eng. Law.)</i>
<def>A duel; the decision of a case by a duel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"phene</hw> (k&abreve;m"f&emacr;n <i>or</i>
k&abreve;m*f&emacr;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>One of a series of substances C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>16</sub>,
resembling camphor, regarded as modified terpenes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam*phine"</hw> (k&abreve;m*f&emacr;n" <i>or</i>
k&abreve;m"f&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Camphor</u>.] <def>Rectified oil of turpentine, used for
burning in lamps, and as a common solvent in varnishes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to a mixture of this substance
with three times its volume of alcohol and sometimes a little
ether, used as an illuminant.</p>

<p><hw>Cam"phire</hw> (k&abreve;m"f&imacr;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old spelling of
<u>Camphor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"pho*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Camphor</i>
+ <i>-gen</i>: -- formerly so called as derived from camphor: cf.
F. <i>camphog&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Cymene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"phol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Camphor</i> +
<i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Borneol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"phor</hw> (k&abreve;m"f&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>camfere</i>, F. <i>camphre</i> (cf.
It. <i>canfora</i>, Sp. <i>camfora</i>, <i>alcanfor</i>, LL.
<i>canfora</i>, <i>camphora</i>, NGr. <grk>kafoyra`</grk>), fr.
Ar. <i>k&amacr;f&umacr;r</i>, prob. fr. Skr.
<i>karp&umacr;ra</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tough, white,
aromatic resin, or gum, obtained from different species of the
<i>Laurus</i> family, esp. from <i>Cinnamomum camphora</i> (the
<i>Laurus camphora</i> of Linn&aelig;us.). Camphor,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>16</sub>O, is volatile and fragrant, and is
used in medicine as a diaphoretic, a stimulant, or
sedative.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gum resembling ordinary camphor,
obtained from a tree (<i>Dryobalanops camphora</i>) growing in
Sumatra and Borneo; -- called also <i>Malay camphor</i>,
<i>camphor of Borneo</i>, or <i>borneol</i>. See
<u>Borneol</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name <i>camphor</i> is also applied to a number of
bodies of similar appearance and properties, as <i>cedar
camphor</i>, obtained from the red or pencil cedar (<i>Juniperus
Virginiana</i>), and <i>peppermint camphor</i>, or
<i>menthol</i>, obtained from the oil of peppermint.</p>

<p><col><b>Camphor oil</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>name
variously given to certain oil-like products, obtained especially
from the camphor tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Camphor tree</b></col>,
<cd>a large evergreen tree (<i>Cinnamomum Camphora</i>) with lax,
smooth branches and shining triple-nerved lanceolate leaves,
probably native in China, but now cultivated in most warm
countries. Camphor is collected by a process of steaming the
chips of the wood and subliming the product.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cam"phor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
impregnate or wash with camphor; to camphorate.</def> [R.]
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cam`pho*ra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
the nature of camphor; containing camphor.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cam"phor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
impregnate or treat with camphor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"phor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>camphorate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of camphoric
acid.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cam"phor*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Cam"por*a`ted</hw> (?),
}<def>Combined or impregnated with camphor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Camphorated oil</b></col>, <cd>an oleaginous
preparation containing camphor, much used as an
embrocation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cam*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>camphorique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
derived from, camphor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Camphoric acid</b></col>, <cd>a white crystallizable
substance, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>16</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, obtained
from the oxidation of camphor.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; Other acids of camphor are <i>campholic acid</i>,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>18</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, and <i>camphoronic
acid</i>, C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, white
crystallizable substances.</p>

<p><hw>Cam*phret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [rom
<u>Camphor</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or derived from
camphor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Camp"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Lodging in a camp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <u>Camp</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6]
<def>A game of football.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Cam"pi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. L.
<i>campus</i> field.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the Pink
family (<i>Cucubalus bacciferus</i>), bearing berries regarded as
poisonous.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bladder campion</b></col>, <cd>a plant of the Pink
family (<i>Cucubalus Behen</i> or <i>Silene inflata</i>), having
a much inflated calyx. See <u>Behen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose
campion</b></col>, <cd>a garden plant (<i>Lychnis coronaria</i>)
with handsome crimson flowers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Cam"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a field.]
<def>The principal grounds of a college or school, between the
buildings or within the main inclosure; as, the college
<i>campus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam`py*lo*sper"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?; curved + &?; seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having seeds grooved
lengthwise on the inner face, as in sweet cicely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam`py*lot"ro*pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
curved + &?; a turning.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the ovules and
seeds so curved, or bent down upon themselves, that the ends of
the embryo are brought close together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Camis</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cam"wood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Barwood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can</hw> (?), <def>an <i>obs</i>. form of <i>began</i>,
imp. &amp; p. p. of <u>Begin</u>, sometimes used in old poetry. [See
<u>Gan</u>.]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With gentle words he <i>can</i> faile gree.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; AS. <i>canne</i>;
akin to D. <i>Kan</i>, G. <i>Kanne</i>, OHG. <i>channa</i>, Sw.
<i>Kanna</i>, Dan. <i>kande</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
drinking cup; a vessel for holding liquids.</def>  <i>[Shak.
]</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fill the cup and fill <i>can</i>,<BR>
Have a rouse before the morn.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel or case of tinned iron or of
sheet metal, of various forms, but usually cylindrical; as, a
<i>can</i> of tomatoes; an oil <i>can</i>; a milk
<i>can</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>can</i> may be a cylinder open at the top, as for
receiving the sliver from a carding machine, or with a removable
cover or stopper, as for holding tea, spices, milk, oysters,
etc., or with handle and spout, as for holding oil, or
hermetically sealed, in canning meats, fruits, etc. The name is
also sometimes given to the small glass or earthenware jar used
in canning.</p>

<p><hw>Can</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Canned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Canning</u>.] <def>To preserve by putting in sealed cans</def>
[U. S.] "<i>Canned</i> meats"  <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Canned goods</b></col>, <cd>a general name for fruit,
vegetables, meat, or fish, preserved in hermetically sealed
cans.</cd></p>


<p><hw>Can</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [The transitive
use is obsolete.] [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Could</u> (#).] [OE.
<i>cunnen</i>, <i>cannen</i> (1st sing. pres. <i>I can</i>), to
know, know how, be able, AS. <i>cunnan</i>, 1st sing. pres. <i>ic
cann</i> or <i>can</i>, pl. <i>cunnon</i>, 1st sing. imp.
<i>c&umacr;&eth;e</i> (for <i>cun&eth;e</i>); p. p.
<i>c&umacr;&eth;</i> (for <i>cun&eth;</i>); akin to OS.
<i>Kunnan</i>, D. <i>Kunnen</i>, OHG. <i>chunnan</i>, G.
<i>k&ouml;nnen</i>, Icel. <i>kunna</i>, Goth. <i>Kunnan</i>, and
E. <i>ken</i> to know. The present tense <i>I can</i> (AS. <i>ic
cann</i>) was originally a preterit, meaning <i>I have known</i>
or <i>Learned</i>, and hence <i>I know</i>, <i>know how</i>.
&radic;45. See <u>Ken</u>, <u>Know</u>; cf. <u>Con</u>,
<u>Cunning</u>, <u>Uncouth</u>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
know; to understand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>can</i> rimes of Rodin Hood.<BR>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>can</i> no Latin, quod she.<BR>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the priest in surplice white,<BR>
That defunctive music <i>can</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be able to do; to have power or
influence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The will of Him who all things <i>can</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>For what, alas, <i>can</i> these my single
arms?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>M&aelig;c&aelig;nas and Agrippa, who <i>can</i>
most with C&aelig;sar.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be able; -- followed by an
infinitive without <i>to</i>; as, I <i>can</i> go, but do not
wish to.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Can but</u>, <u>Can not but</u>. It is an
error to use the former of these phrases where the sens requires
the latter. If we say, "I <i>can but</i> perish if I go," "But"
means <i>only</i>, and denotes that this is all or the worst that
can happen. When the apostle Peter said. "We <i>can not but</i>
speak of the things which we have seen and heard." he referred to
a moral constraint or necessety which rested upon him and his
associates; and the meaning was, We cannot help speaking, We
cannot refrain from speaking. This idea of a moral necessity or
constraint is of frequent occurrence, and is also expressed in
the phrase, "I <i>can not</i> help it." Thus we say. "I <i>can
not but</i> hope," "I <i>can not but</i> believe," "I <i>can not
but</i> think," "I <i>can not but</i> remark," etc., in cases in
which it would be an error to use the phrase <i>can but</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet he <i>could not but</i> acknowledge to himself
that there was something calculated to impress awe, . . . in the
sudden appearances and vanishings . . . of the masque<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Tom felt that this was a rebuff for him, and
<i>could not but</i> understand it as a left-handed hit at his
employer.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca"naan*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A descendant of Canaan, the son of Ham,
and grandson of Noah.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Native or inhabitant of the land of
Canaan, esp. a member of any of the tribes who inhabited Canaan
at the time of the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"naan*ite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From an Aramaic
word signifying "zeal."] <def>A zealot.</def> "Simon the
<i>Canaanite</i>."  <i>Matt. x. 4.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This was the "Simon called Zelotes" (<i>Luke vi.
15</i>), <i>i.e.</i>, Simon the zealot.  <i>Kitto.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca"naan*i`tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Canaan or the Canaanites.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*&ntilde;a"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<def>A small ca&ntilde;on; a narrow valley or glen; also, but
less frequently, an open valley.</def> [Local, Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"a*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A British
province in North America, giving its name to various plants and
animals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Canada balsam</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Balsam</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canada goose</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Wild goose</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Canada jay</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Whisky Jack</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Canada lynx</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Lynx</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canada porcupine</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Porcupine</u>, and
<u>Urson</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canada rice</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Rick</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canada robin</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cedar bird.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*na"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Canada.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native
or inhabitant of Canada.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Canadian period</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>A
subdivision of the American Lower Silurian system embracing the
calciferous, Quebec, and Chazy epochs. This period immediately
follows the primordial or Cambrian period, and is by many
geologists regarded as the beginning of the Silurian age, See the
Diagram, under <u>Geology</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*naille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>canaille</i> (cf. It. <i>canaglia</i>), prop. and orig. a pack
of dogs, fr. L. <i>Canis</i> dog.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The lowest class of people; the
rabble; the vulgar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shorts or inferior flour.</def>
[Canadian]</p>

<p><hw>Can"a*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>can</i>.] <def>A little can or cup.</def> "And let me the
<i>canakin</i> clink."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*nal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>canal</i>,
from L. <i>canalis</i> canal, channel; prob. from a root
signifying "to cut"; cf. D. <i>kanaal</i>, fr. the French. Cf.
<u>Channel</u>, <u>Kennel</u> gutter.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An artificial channel filled with
water and designed for navigation, or for irrigating land,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A tube or duct; as, the
alimentary <i>canal</i>; the semicircular <i>canals</i> of the
ear.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Canal boat</b></col>, <cd>a boat for use on a canal;
esp. one of peculiar shape, carrying freight, and drawn by horses
walking on the towpath beside the canal.</cd> -- <col><b>Canal
lock</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Lock</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Can"al coal`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Cannel
coal</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Can`a*lic"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Can`a*lic"u*la`ted</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>canaliculatus</i> channeled,
fr. <i>canaliculus</i>, dim. of <i>canalis</i>. See
<u>Canal</u>.] <def>Having a channel or groove, as in the
leafstalks of most palms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Can`a*lic"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Canaliculi</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A minute canal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*nal`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Construction of, or furnishing with, a canal or
canals.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*nard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., properly, a
duck.] <def>An extravagant or absurd report or story; a
fabricated sensational report or statement; esp. one set afloat
in the newspapers to hoax the public.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can`a*rese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to Canara, a district of British India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*na"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>Canarie</i>, L. <i>Canaria insula</i> one of the Canary
islands, said to be so called from its large dogs, fr.
<i>canis</i> dog.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Canary Islands; as, <i>canary</i> wine; <i>canary</i>
birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of a pale yellowish color; as,
<i>Canary</i> stone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Canary grass</b></col>, <cd>a grass of the genus
<i>Phalaris</i> (<i>P. Canariensis</i>), producing the seed used
as food for canary birds.</cd> -- <col><b>Canary stone</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a yellow species of carnelian, named from its
resemblance in color to the plumage of the canary bird.</cd> --
<col><b>Canary wood</b></col>, <cd>the beautiful wood of the
trees <i>Persea Indica</i> and <i>P. Canariensis</i>, natives of
Madeira and the Canary Islands.</cd> -- <col><b>Canary
vine</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Canary bird flower</i>, under
<u>Canary bird</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*na"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Canaries</b></plw> (#). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wine made
in the Canary Islands; sack.</def> "A cup of <i>canary</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A canary bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pale yellow color, like that of a
canary bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A quick and lively dance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Make you dance <i>canary</i><BR>
With sprightly fire and motion.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*na"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform
the canary dance; to move nimbly; to caper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But to jig of a tune at the tongue's end,
<i>canary</i> to it with your feet.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*na"ry bird`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
singing bird of the Finch family (<i>Serinus Canarius</i>), a
native of the Canary Islands. It was brought to Europe in the
16th century, and made a household pet. It generally has a
yellowish body with the wings and tail greenish, but in its wild
state it is more frequently of gray or brown color. It is
sometimes called <i>canary finch</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 209 !></p>

<p><col><b>Canary bird flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
climbing plant (<i>Trop&aelig;olum peregrinum</i>) with canary-
colored flowers of peculiar form; -- called also <i>canary
vine</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*nas"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>canasta</i>, <i>canastro</i>, basket, fr. L. <i>canistrum</i>.
See <u>Canister</u>.] <def>A kind of tobacco for smoking, made of
the dried leaves, coarsely broken; -- so called from the rush
baskets in which it is packed in South America.</def>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can" buoy`</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Buoy</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>||Can"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
rollicking French dance, accompanied by indecorous or extravagant
postures and gestures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Canceled</u> or <u>Cancelled</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Canceling</u> or
<u>Cancelling</u>.] [L. <i>cancellare</i> to make like a lattice,
to strike or cross out (cf. Fr. <i>canceller</i>, OF.
<i>canceler</i>) fr. <i>cancelli</i> lattice, crossbars, dim. of
<i>cancer</i> lattice; cf. Gr. &?; latticed gate. Cf.
<u>Chancel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inclose or surround,
as with a railing, or with latticework.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A little obscure place <i>canceled</i> in with
iron work is the pillar or stump at which . . . our Savior was
scourged.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shut out, as with a railing or with
latticework; to exclude.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Canceled</i> from
heaven."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cross and deface, as the lines of a
writing, or as a word or figure; to mark out by a cross line; to
blot out or obliterate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A deed may be avoided by delivering it up to be
<i>cancelled</i>; that is, to have lines drawn over it in the
form of latticework or <i>cancelli</i>; though the phrase is now
used figuratively for any manner of obliterating or defacing
it.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To annul or destroy; to revoke or
recall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The indentures were <i>canceled</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He was unwilling to <i>cancel</i> the interest
created through former secret services, by being refractory on
this occasion.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To suppress or omit;
to strike out, as matter in type.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Canceled figures</b></col> <i>(Print)</i>, <cd>figures
cast with a line across the face., as for use in
arithmetics.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To blot out; obliterate; deface; erase; efface;
expunge; annul; abolish; revoke; abrogate; repeal; destroy; do
away; set aside. See <u>Abolish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Can"cel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cancel</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Chancel</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure; a boundary; a
limit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A prison is but a retirement, and opportunity of
serious thoughts, to a person whose spirit . . . desires no
enlargement beyond the <i>cancels</i> of the body.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
suppression or striking out of matter in type, or of a printed
page or pages.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The part thus
suppressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can`cel*ier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chanceler</i>, OF. <i>canseler</i>, to waver, orig. to cross
the legs so as not to fall; from the same word as E.
<i>cancel</i>.] <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>To turn in flight; -- said
of a hawk.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He makes his stoop; but wanting breath, is
forced<BR>
To <i>cancelier</i>.<BR>
<i>Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Can`cel*ier"</hw> (?), <hw>Can"cel*eer</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>The turn of a hawk
upon the wing to recover herself, when she misses her aim in the
stoop.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The fierce and eager hawks, down thrilling from
the skies,<BR>
Make sundry <i>canceliers</i> ere they the fowl can reach.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can`cel*la"re*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cancellarean.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"cel*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cancellatus</i>, p. p. of <i>cancellare</i>, See
<u>Cancel</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Consisting of a network of veins, without
intermediate parenchyma, as the leaves of certain plants;
latticelike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the surface
coveres with raised lines, crossing at right angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"cel*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Crossbarred; marked with cross
lines.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Open or spongy, as some
porous bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can`cel*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cancellatio</i>: cf. F. <i>cancellation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act, process, or result of canceling;
as, the <i>cansellation</i> of certain words in a contract, or of
the contract itself.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The operation of
striking out common factors, in both the dividend and
divisor.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Can*cel"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., a
lattice. See <u>Cancel</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An interwoven or latticed wall or
inclosure; latticework, rails, or crossbars, as around the bar of
a court of justice, between the chancel and the nave of a church,
or in a window.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The interlacing osseous
plates constituting the elastic porous tissue of certain parts of
the bones, esp. in their articular extremities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"cel*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>cancellosus</i> covered with bars.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having
a spongy or porous structure; made up of cancelli; cancellated;
as, the <i>cancellous</i> texture of parts of many
bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cancer</i>,
<i>cancri</i>, crab, ulcer, a sign of the zodiac; akin to Gr.
<grk>karki`nos</grk>, Skr. <i>karka&tsdot;a</i> crab, and prob.
Skr. <i>karkara</i> hard, the crab being named from its hard
shell. Cf. <u>Canner</u>, <u>Chancre</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of decapod Crustacea, including
some of the most common shore crabs of Europe and North America,
as the rock crab, Jonah crab, etc. See <u>Crab</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The fourth of the twelve signs of the zodiac. The first
point is the northern limit of the sun's course in summer; hence,
the sign of the summer solstice. See <u>Tropic</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A northern constellation between Gemini
and Leo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Formerly, any malignant
growth, esp. one attended with great pain and ulceration, with
cachexia and progressive emaciation. It was so called, perhaps,
from the great veins which surround it, compared by the ancients
to the claws of a crab. The term is now restricted to such a
growth made up of aggregations of epithelial cells, either
without support or embedded in the meshes of a trabecular
framework.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Four kinds of cancers are recognized: (1) <b>Epithelial
cancer</b>, <i>or</i> <b>Epithelioma</b>, in which there is no
trabecular framework. See <u>Epithelioma</u>. (2) <b>Scirrhous
cancer</b>, <i>or</i> <b>Hard cancer</b>, in which the framework
predominates, and the tumor is of hard consistence and slow
growth. (3) <b>Encephaloid, Medullary, or Soft cancer</b>, in
which the cellular element predominates, and the tumor is soft,
grows rapidy, and often ulcerates. (4) <b>Colloid cancer</b>, in
which the cancerous structure becomes gelatinous. The last three
varieties are also called <i>carcinoma</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Cancer cells</b></col>, <cd>cells once believed to be
peculiar to cancers, but now know to be epithelial cells
differing in no respect from those found elsewhere in the body,
and distinguished only by peculiarity of location and
grouping.</cd> -- <col><b>Cancer root</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the name of several low plants, mostly parasitic on roots, as
the beech drops, the squawroot, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Tropic of
Cancer</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Tropic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Can"cer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cancerated</u>.] [LL.
<i>canceratus</i> eaten by a cancer. See <u>Cancer</u>.] <def>To
grow into a cancer; to become cancerous.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can`cer*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or state of becoming cancerous or growing into a
cancer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"cer*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>canc&eacute;reux</i>.] <def>Like a cancer; having the
qualities or virulence of a cancer; affected with cancer.</def>
"<i>Cancerous</i> vices."  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"cer*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>canc&eacute;reux</i>] <def>Like a cancer; having the qualities
or virulence of a cancer; affected with cancer.</def>
"<i>cancerous</i> vices" <i>G. Eliot.</i><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p>-- <wf>Can"cer*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Can"cer*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Can"cri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cancer</i>
+ <i>-form</i>; cf. F. <i>cancriforme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the form of, or resembling, a crab; crab-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a cancer; cancerous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"crine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cancer</u>.] <def>Having the qualities of a crab;
crablike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"cri*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after
Count <i>Cancrin</i>, a minister of finance in Russia.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occurring in hexagonal crystals,
also massive, generally of a yellow color, containing silica,
alumina, lime, soda, and carbon dioxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"croid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cancer</i> +
<i>oid</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Resembling a crab; pertaining to the <i>Cancroidea</i>, one
of the families of crabs, including the genus
<i>Cancer</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a cancer; as, a <i>cancroid</i>
tumor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fluor spar. See
<u>Kand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can`de*la"brum</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
L. <plw><b>Candelabra</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Candelabrums</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. <i>candela</i>
candle. See <u>candle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A lamp stand of any sort.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A highly ornamented stand of marble or
other ponderous material, usually having three feet, --
frequently a votive offering to a temple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large candlestick, having several
branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can`dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>candens</i>, p. pr. of <i>cand&euml;re</i> to glitter. See
<u>Candid</u>.] <def>Heated to whiteness; glowing with
heat.</def> "A <i>candent</i> vessel."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Can"de*ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An East
Indian resin, of a pellucid white color, from which small
ornaments and toys are sometimes made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can*des"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Incandescence</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"di*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>candicans</i>, p. pr. of <i>candicare</i> to be whitish.]
<def>Growing white.</def> [Obs.]
</p>

<p><hw>Can*did</hw> (k&abreve;n"d&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F. <i>candide</i> (cf. It. <i>candido</i>), L. <i>candidus</i>
white, fr. <i>cand&emacr;re</i> to be of a glowing white; akin to
ac<i>cend&ebreve;re</i>, in<i>cend&ebreve;re</i>, to set on fire,
Skr. <i>chand</i> to shine. Cf. <u>Candle</u>, <u>Incense</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>White.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The box receives all black; but poured from
thence,<BR>
The stones came <i>candid</i> forth, the hue of innocence.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from undue bias; disposed to
think and judge according to truth and justice, or without
partiality or prejudice; fair; just; impartial; as, a
<i>candid</i> opinion.</def> "<i>Candid</i> and dispassionate
men."  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Open; frank; ingenuous;
outspoken.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fair; open; ingenuous; impartial; just; frank;
artless; unbiased; equitable.  -- <u>Candid</u>, <u>Fair</u>,
<u>Open</u>, <u>Frank</u>, <u>Ingenuous</u>. A man is <i>fair</i>
when he puts things on a just or equitable footing; he is
<i>candid</i> when be looks impartially on both sides of a
subject, doing justice especially to the motives and conduct of
an opponent; he is <i>open</i> and <i>frank</i> when he declares
his sentiments without reserve; he is <i>ingenuous</i> when he
does this from a noble regard for truth. <i>Fair</i> dealing;
<i>candid</i> investigation; an <i>open</i> temper; a
<i>frank</i> disposition; an <i>ingenuous</i> answer or
declaration.</p>

<p><hw>Can"di*da*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
position of a candidate; state of being a candidate;
candidateship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"di*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Candidatus</i>, n. (because candidates for office in Rome were
clothed in a white toga.) fr. <i>candidatus</i> clothed in white,
fr. <i>candidus</i>littering, white: cf. F. <i>candidat</i>.]
<def>One who offers himself, or is put forward by others, as a
suitable person or an aspirant or contestant for an office,
privilege, or honor; as, a <i>candidate</i> for the office of
governor; a <i>candidate</i> for holy orders; a <i>candidate</i>
for scholastic honors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"di*date*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Candidacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"di*da`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
taking of the position of a candidate; specifically, the
preaching of a clergyman with a view to settlement.</def> [Cant,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"di*da*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Candidacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"did*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
candid manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"did*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being candid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"died</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 1st
<u>Candy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Preserved in or with
sugar; incrusted with a candylike substance; as, <i>candied</i>
fruits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Converted wholly
or partially into sugar or candy; as <i>candied</i> sirup.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Conted or more or less with sugar; as,
<i>candidied</i> raisins</def>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Figuratively; Honeyed; sweet; flattering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the <i>candied</i> tongue lick absurd
pomp.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Covered or incrusted with that which
resembles sugar or candy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will the cold brook,<BR>
<i>Candied</i>with ice, caudle thy morning tast?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"di*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. or v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>candificare</i>; <i>cand&euml;re</i> to be white + <i>-
facere</i> to make.] <def>To make or become white, or
candied.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"di*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>candiote</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Candia;
Cretary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A variety of spinel, of a dark color, found at Candy, in
Ceylon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>candel</i>,
<i>candel</i>, AS, <i>candel</i>, fr. L. <i>candela</i> a (white)
light made of wax or tallow, fr. <i>cand&euml;re</i> to be white.
See <u>Candid</u>, and cf. <u>Chandler</u>, <u>Cannel</u>,
<u>Kindle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slender, cylindrical
body of tallow, containing a wick composed of loosely twisted
linen of cotton threads, and used to furnish light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How far that little <i>candle</i> throws his
beams!<BR>
So shines a good deed in a naughty world.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; Candles are usually made by repeatedly dipping the
wicks in the melted tallow, etc. ("dipped <i>candles</i>"), or by
casting or running in a mold.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which gives light; a
luminary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By these blessed <i>candles</i> of the night.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Candle nut</b></col>, <cd>the fruit of a
euphorbiaceous shrub (<i>Aleurites triloba</i>), a native of some
of the Pacific islands; -- socalled because, when dry, it will
burn with a bright flame, and is used by the natives as a candle.
The oil has many uses.</cd> -- <col><b>Candle power</b></col>
<i>(Photom.)</i>, <cd>illuminating power, as of a lamp, or gas
flame, reckoned in terms of the light of a standard candle.</cd>
-- <col><b>Electric candle</b></col>, <cd>A modification of the
electric arc lamp, in which the carbon rods, instead of being
placed end to end, are arranged side by side, and at a distance
suitable for the formation of the arc at the tip; -- called also,
from the name of the inventor, <i>Jablockoff candle</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Excommunication by inch of candle</b></col>, <cd>a form
of excommunication in which the offender is allowed time to
repent only while a candle burns.</cd> -- <col><b>Not worth the
candle</b></col>, <cd>not worth the cost or trouble.</cd> --
<col><b>Rush candle</b></col>, <cd>a candle made of the pith of
certain rushes, peeled except on one side, and dipped in
grease.</cd> -- <col><b>Sale by inch of candle</b></col>, <cd>an
auction in which persons are allowed to bid only till a small
piece of candle burns out.</cd> -- <col><b>Standard
candle</b></col> <i>(Photom.)</i>, <cd>a special form of candle
employed as a standard in photometric measurements; usually, a
candle of spermaceti so constructed as to burn at the rate of 120
grains, or 7.8 grams, per hour.</cd> -- <col><b>To curse by bell,
book and candle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bell</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Can"dle*ber`ry tree</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A shrub
(the <i>Myrica cerifera</i>, or wax-bearing myrtle), common in
North America, the little nuts of which are covered with a
greenish white wax, which was formerly, used for hardening
candles; -- also called <i>bayberry tree</i>, <i>bayberry</i>, or
<i>candleberry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"dle*bomb`</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small glass bubble, filled with water,
which, if placed in the flame of a candle, bursts by expansion of
steam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pasteboard shell used in signaling.
It is filled with a composition which makes a brilliant light
when it explodes.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"dle coal`</hw> (#). <def>See <u>Cannel
coal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"dle*fish`</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A marine fish
(<i>Thaleichthys Pacificus</i>), allied to the smelt, found on
the north Pacific coast; -- called also <i>eulachon</i>. It is so
oily that, when dried, it may be used as a candle, by drawing a
wick through it</def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
beshow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"dle*hold`er</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, holds a candle; also, one who assists
another, but is otherwise not of importance.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"dle*light`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The light
of a candle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never went by <i>candlelight</i> to bed.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"dle*mas</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>candelm&aelig;sse</i>, <i>candel</i> candle +
<i>m&aelig;sse</i> mass.] <def>The second day of February, on
which is celebrated the feast of the Purification of the Virgin
Mary; -- so called because the candles for the altar or other
sacred uses are blessed on that day.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"dle*stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>candel-sticca</i>; <i>candel</i> candle + <i>sticca</i>
stick.] <def>An instrument or utensil for supporting a
candle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"dle*wast`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who consumes candles by being up late for study or
dissipation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bookworm, a <i>candlewaster</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"dock</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. <i>can +
dock</i> (the plant). Cf. G. <i>kannenkraut</i> horsetail, lit.
"canweed."] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant or weed that grows in
rivers; a species of <i>Equisetum</i>; also, the yellow frog lily
(<i>Nuphar luteum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>candour</i>.] [L. <i>candor</i>, fr. <i>cand&euml;re</i>; cf.
F. <i>candeur</i>. See <u>candid</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Whiteness; brightness; (as applied to
moral conditions) usullied purity; innocence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor yor unquestioned integrity<BR>
Shall e'er be sullied with one taint or spot<BR>
That may take from your innocence and <i>candor</i>.<BR>
<i>Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disposition to treat subjects with
fairness; freedom from prejudice or disguise; frankness;
sincerity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Attribute superior sagacity and <i>candor</i> to
those who held that side of the question.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"droy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A machine for
spreading out cotton cloths to prepare them for
printing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Candied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Candying</u>.] [F. <i>candir</i> (cf. It.
<i>candire</i>, Sp. <i>az&uacute;car cande</i> or <i>candi</i>),
fr. Ar. &amp; Pers. <i>qand</i>, fr. Skr. <i>Khan.d.da</i> piece,
sugar in pieces or lumps, fr. <i>khan.d.</i>, <i>khad.</i> to
break.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To conserve or boil in sugar; as,
to <i>candy</i> fruits; to <i>candy</i> ginger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make sugar crystals of or in; to
form into a mass resembling candy; as, to <i>candy</i>
sirup.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To incrust with sugar or with candy,
or with that which resembles sugar or candy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those frosts that winter brings<BR>
Which <i>candy</i> every green.<BR>
<i>Drayson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 210 !></p>

<p><hw>Can"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have sugar crystals form in or on; as,
fruits preserved in sugar <i>candy</i> after a time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be formed into candy; to solidify
in a candylike form or mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"dy</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>candi</i>. See
<u>Candy</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A more or less solid
article of confectionery made by boiling sugar or molasses to the
desired consistency, and than crystallizing, molding, or working
in the required shape. It is often flavored or colored, and
sometimes contains fruit, nuts, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Candy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mahratta
<i>khan.d.&imacr;</i>, Tamil <i>kan.d.i</i>.] <def>A weight, at
Madras 500 pounds, at Bombay 560 pounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"dy*tuft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An annual plant of the genus <i>Iberis</i>, cultivated in
gardens. The name was originally given to the <i>I.
umbellata</i>, first, discovered in the island of
Candia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cane</hw> (k&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cane</i>, <i>canne</i>, OF. <i>cane</i>, F. <i>canne</i>, L.
<i>canna</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>ka`nna</grk>, <grk>ka`nnh</grk>; prob.
of Semitic origin; cf. Heb. <i>q&amacr;neh</i> reed. Cf.
<u>Canister</u>, <u>canon</u>, 1st <u>Cannon</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
name given to several peculiar palms, species of <i>Calamus</i>
and <i>D&aelig;manorops</i>, having very long, smooth flexible
stems, commonly called rattans.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any plant with long, hard, elastic stems, as reeds and
bamboos of many kinds; also, the sugar cane.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Stems of other plants are sometimes
called canes; as, the <i>canes</i> of a raspberry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like light <i>canes</i>, that first rise big and
brave.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In the Southern United States <i>great cane</i> is the
<i>Arundinaria macrosperma</i>, and <i>small cane</i> is. <i>A.
tecta</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A walking stick; a staff; -- so called
because originally made of one of the species of cane.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stir the fire with your master's <i>cane</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A lance or dart made of cane.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Judgelike thou sitt'st, to praise or to
arraign<BR>
The flying skirmish of the darted <i>cane</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A local European measure of length.
See <u>Canna</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cane borer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;.)</i>, <cd>A beetle
<i>(Oberea bimaculata)</i> which, in the larval state, bores into
pith and destroy the canes or stalks of the raspberry,
blackberry, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Cane mill</b></col>, <cd>a mill
for grinding sugar canes, for the manufacture of sugar.</cd> --
<col><b>Cane trash</b></col>, <cd>the crushed stalks and other
refuse of sugar cane, used for fuel, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cane</hw> (k&amacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Caned</u> (k&amacr;nd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Caning</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat with a cane.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make or furnish with cane or
rattan; as, to <i>cane</i> chairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cane"brake`</hw> (-br&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A thicket of canes.</def>  <i>Ellicott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Caned</hw> (k&amacr;nd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>canus</i> white.] <def>Filled with white flakes; mothery; --
said vinegar when containing mother.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*nel"la</hw> (k&adot;*n&ebreve;l"l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. (OE. <i>canel</i>, <i>canelle</i>,
cinnamon, fr. F. <i>cannelle</i>), Dim. of L. <i>canna</i> a
reed. <i>Canella</i> is so called from the shape of the rolls of
prepared bark. See <u>Cane</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
trees of the order <i>Canellace&aelig;</i>, growing in the West
Indies.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The principal species is <i>Canella alba</i>, and its
bark is a spice and drug exported under the names of <i>wild
cinnamon</i> and <i>whitewood bark</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ca*nes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>canescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>canescere</i>, v. inchoative of
<i>canere</i> to be white.] <def>Growing white, or assuming a
color approaching to white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can" hook`</hw> (?). <def>A device consisting of a short
rope with flat hooks at each end, for hoisting casks or barrels
by the ends of the staves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*nic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>canicula</i>, lit., a little dog, a dim. of <i>canis</i> dog;
cf. F. <i>canicule</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The Dog Star;
Sirius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*nic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>canicularis</i>; cf. F. <i>caniculaire</i>.] <def>Pertaining
to, or measured, by the rising of the Dog Star.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Canicular days</b></col>, <cd>the dog days, See <u>Dog
days</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canicular year</b></col>, <cd>the
Egyptian year, computed from one heliacal rising of the Dog Star
to another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Can"i*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Canicula.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*ni"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Canine</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*nine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caninus</i>, fr. <i>canis</i> dog: cf. F. <i>canin</i>. See
<u>Hound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
family <i>Canid&aelig;</i>, or dogs and wolves; having the nature
or qualities of a dog; like that or those of a dog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
pointed tooth on each side the incisors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Canine appetite</b></col>, <cd>a morbidly voracious
appetite; bulimia.</cd> -- <col><b>Canine letter</b></col>,
<cd>the letter r. See <u>R</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canine
madness</b></col>, <cd>hydrophobia.</cd> -- <col><b>Canine
tooth</b></col>, <cd>a tooth situated between the incisor and
bicuspid teeth, so called because well developed in dogs;
usually, the third tooth from the front on each side of each jaw;
an eyetooth, or the corresponding tooth in the lower
jaw.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*nine"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
canine tooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"nis</hw> (k&abreve;"n&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Canes</b></plw> (-
n&emacr;z). [L., a dog.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
carnivorous mammals, of the family <i>Canid&aelig;</i>, including
the dogs and wolves.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Canis major</b></col> [L., larger dog], <cd>a
constellation to the southeast of Orion, containing Sirius or the
Dog Star.</cd> -- <col><b>||Canis minor</b></col> [L., smaller
dog], <cd>a constellation to the east of Orion, containing
Procyon, a star of the first magnitude.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Can"is*ter</hw> (k&abreve;n"&ibreve;s*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>canistrum</i> a basket woven from
reeds Gr. &?;, fr. <grk>ka`nh</grk>, <grk>ka`nna</grk> reed; cf.
F. <i>canistre</i>. See <u>Cane</u>, and <u>Canaster</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small basket of rushes, reeds, or
willow twigs, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small box or case for holding tea,
coffee, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A kind of case shot for
cannon, in which a number of lead or iron balls in layers are
inclosed in a case fitting the gun; -- called also <i>canister
shot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ker</hw> (k&abreve;&nsm;"k&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>canker</i>, <i>cancre</i>, AS.
<i>cancer</i> (akin to D. <i>kanker</i>, OHG <i>chanchar</i>.),
fr. L. <i>cancer</i> a cancer; or if a native word, cf. Gr. &?;
excrescence on tree, &?; gangrene. Cf. also OF. <i>cancre</i>, F.
<i>chancere</i>, fr. L. <i>cancer</i>. See <u>cancer</u>, and cf.
<u>Chancre</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A corroding or sloughing ulcer; esp. a
spreading gangrenous ulcer or collection of ulcers in or about
the mouth; -- called also <i>water canker</i>, <i>canker of the
mouth</i>, and <i>noma</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which corrodes, corrupts, or
destroy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cankers</i> of envy and faction.<BR>
<i>Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A disease incident to
trees, causing the bark to rot and fall off.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An obstinate and often
incurable disease of a horse's foot, characterized by separation
of the horny portion and the development of fungoid growths; --
usually resulting from neglected thrush.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A kind of wild, worthless rose; the
dog-rose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To put down Richard, that sweet lovely rose.<BR>
And plant this thorm, this <i>canker</i>, Bolingbroke.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Black canker</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Black</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Can"ker</hw> (k&abreve;&nsm;"k&etilde;r), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cankered</u> (-
k&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cankering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To affect as a canker;
to eat away; to corrode; to consume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No lapse of moons can <i>canker</i> Love.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To infect or pollute; to
corrupt.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A tithe purloined <i>cankers</i> the whole
estate.<BR>
<i>Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"ker</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To waste away, grow rusty, or be oxidized, as a
mineral.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Silvering will sully and <i>canker</i> more than
gliding.<BR>
<i>Bacom.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be or become diseased, or as if
diseased, with canker; to grow corrupt; to become
venomous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Deceit and <i>cankered</i> malice.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As with age his body uglier grows,<BR>
So his mind <i>cankers</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"ker-bit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Eaten out
by canker, or as by canker.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"ker bloom`</hw> (?). <def>The bloom or blossom of the
wild rose or dog-rose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ker blos`som</hw> (?). <def>That which blasts a
blossom as a canker does.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O me! you juggler! you <i>canker blossom</i>!<BR>
You thief of Love!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"kered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Affected with canker; as, a
<i>cankered</i> mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected mentally or morally as with
canker; sore, envenomed; malignant; fretful; ill-natured.</def>
"A <i>cankered</i> grandam's will."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"kered*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Fretfully;
spitefully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ker fly`</hw> (?). <def>A fly that preys on
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ker*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affecting
like a canker.</def> "<i>Canrerous</i> shackles."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Misdeem it not a <i>cankerous</i> change.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"ker rash`</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A form of
scarlet fever characterized by ulcerated or putrid sore
throat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ker*worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva of two species of geometrid
moths which are very injurious to fruit and shade trees by
eating, and often entirely destroying, the foliage. Other similar
larv&aelig; are also called cankerworms.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The autumnal species (<i>Anisopteryx pometaria</i>)
becomes adult late in autumn (after frosts) and in winter. The
spring species (<i>A. vernata</i>) remains in the ground through
the winter, and matures in early spring. Both have winged males
and wingless females. The larv&aelig; are similar in appearance
and habits, and belong to the family of measuring worms or
spanworms. These larv&aelig; hatch from the eggs when the leaves
begin to expand in spring.</p>

<p><hw>Can"ker*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like a canker; full of canker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Surly; sore; malignant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Can"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A
measure of length in Italy, varying from six to seven feet. See
<u>Cane</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Can"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a reed. See
<u>Cane</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of tropical plants, with
large leaves and often with showy flowers. The Indian shot (<i>C.
Indica</i>) is found in gardens of the northern United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"na*bene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cannabis</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless oil obtained
from hemp by distillation, and possessing its intoxicating
properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"na*bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A poisonous resin extracted from hemp (<i>Cannabis
sativa</i>, variety <i>Indica</i>). The narcotic effects of
hasheesh are due to this resin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"na*bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cannabinus</i>.] <def>Pertaining to hemp; hempen.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Can"na*bis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., hemp. See
<u>Canvas</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of a single species
belonging to the order <i>Uricace&aelig;</i>; hemp.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cannabis Indica</b></col> (&?;), <cd>the Indian hemp,
a powerful narcotic, now considered a variety of the common
hemp.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Can"nel coal`</hw> (?). [Corrupt. fr. <i>candle coal</i>.]
<def>A kind of mineral coal of a black color, sufficiently hard
and solid to be cut and polished. It burns readily, with a clear,
yellow flame, and on this account has been used as a substitute
for candles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ner*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place
where the business of canning fruit, meat, etc., is carried
on.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"ni*bal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cannibale</i>. Columbus, in a letter to the Spanish monarchs
written in Oct., 1498, mentions that the people of Hayti lived in
great fear of the <i>Caribales</i> (equivalent to E.
<i>Caribbees</i>.), the inhabitants of the smaller Antilles;
which form of the name was afterward changed into NL.
<i>Canibales</i>, in order to express more forcibly their
character by a word intelligible through a Latin root "propter
rabiem <i>caninam</i> anthropophagorum gentis." The Caribbees
call themselves, in their own language. <i>Calinago</i>,
<i>Carinago</i>, <i>Calliponam</i>, and, abbreviated,
<i>Calina</i>, signifying a brave, from which Columbus formed his
<i>Caribales</i>.] <def>A human being that eats human flesh;
hence, any that devours its own kind.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"ni*bal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
cannibals or cannibalism.</def> "<i>Cannibal</i> terror."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"ni*bal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cannibalisme</i>.] <def>The act or practice of eating human
flesh by mankind. Hence; Murderous cruelty; barbarity.</def>
<i>Berke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"ni*bal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of cannibal.</def> "An he had been <i>cannibally</i>
given."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"ni*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Can</i> +
<i>-kin</i>.] <def>A small can or drinking vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ni*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a canny
manner.</def> [N. of Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"ni*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Caution;
crafty management.</def> [N. of Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cannons</b></plw> (#), collectively
<plw><b>Cannon</b></plw>. [F. <i>cannon</i>, fr. L. <i>canna</i>
reed, pipe, tube. See <u>Cane</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
great gun; a piece of ordnance or artillery; a firearm for
discharging heavy shot with great force.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Cannons are made of various materials, as iron, brass,
bronze, and steel, and of various sizes and shapes with respect
to the special service for which they are intended, as intended,
as siege, seacoast, naval, field, or mountain, guns. They always
aproach more or less nearly to a cylindrical from, being usually
thicker toward the breech than at the muzzle. Formerly they were
cast hollow, afterwards they were cast, solid, and bored out. The
cannon now most in use for the armament of war vessels and for
seacoast defense consists of a forged steel tube reinforced with
massive steel rings shrunk upon it. Howitzers and mortars are
sometimes called cannon. See <u>Gun</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A hollow cylindrical
piece carried by a revolving shaft, on which it may, however,
revolve independently.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Printing.)</i> <def>A kind of type. See
<u>Canon</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cannon ball</b></col>, <cd>strictly, a round solid
missile of stone or iron made to be fired from a cannon, but now
often applied to a missile of any shape, whether solid or hollow,
made for cannon. Elongated and cylindrical missiles are sometimes
called <i>bolts</i>; hollow ones charged with explosives are
properly called <i>shells</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cannon
bullet</b></col>, <cd>a cannon ball</cd>. [Obs.] --
<col><b>Cannon cracker</b></col>, <cd>a fire cracker of large
size.</cd> -- <col><b>Cannon lock</b></col>, <cd>a device for
firing a cannon by a percussion primer.</cd> -- <col><b>Cannon
metal</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Gun Metal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cannon
pinion</b></col>, <cd>the pinion on the minute hand arbor of a
watch or clock, which drives the hand but permits it to be moved
in setting.</cd> -- <col><b>Cannon proof</b></col>,
<cd>impenetrable by cannon balls.</cd> -- <col><b>Cannon
shot</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A cannon ball.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The range of a cannon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Can"non</hw>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <i>(Billiards)</i>
<def>See <u>Carom</u>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Can`non*ade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>Canonnade</i>; cf. It. <i>cannanata</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of discharging cannon and throwing ball, shell,
etc., for the purpose of destroying an army, or battering a town,
ship, or fort; -- usually, an attack of some
continuance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A furious <i>cannonade</i> was kept up from the
whole circle of batteries on the devoted towm.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.; A loud noise like a cannonade; a
booming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blue Walden rolls its <i>cannonade</i>.<BR>
<i>Ewerson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can`non*ade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cannonade</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cannonading</u>.] <def>To attack with heavy
artillery; to batter with cannon shot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can`non*ade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
discharge cannon; as, the army <i>cannonaded</i> all
day.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"non bone</hw> (?). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <i>Canon
Bone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"noned</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished
with cannon.</def> [Poetic] "Gilbralter's <i>cannoned</i> steep."
<i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Can`non*eer"</hw>, <hw>Can`non*ier"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>canonnier</i>.] <def>A man who
manages, or fires, cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can`non*er"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use of
cannon.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"non*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cannon,
collectively; artillery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ringing of bells and roaring of
<i>cannonry</i> proclaimed his course through the country.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"not</hw> (?). [<i>Can</i> to be able + <i>-not</i>.]
<def>Am, is, or are, not able; -- written either as one word or
two.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"nu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cannula</i> a small tube of dim. of <i>canna</i> a reed,
tube.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A small tube of metal, wood, or India
rubber, used for various purposes, esp. for injecting or
withdrawing fluids. It is usually associated with a trocar.</def>
[Written also <i>canula</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"nu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
form of a tube; tubular.</def> [Written also <i>canular</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"nu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hollow;
affording a passage through its interior length for wire, thread,
etc.; as, a <i>cannulated</i> (suture) needle.</def> [Written
also <i>canulated</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Can"ny</hw>, <hw>Can"nei</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>kenn</i> skilled, learned, or
E. <i>canny</i>. Cf. <u>Kenn</u>.] [North of Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Artful; cunning; shrewd; wary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Skillful; knowing; capable.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cautious; prudent; safe..</def>
<i>Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having pleasing or useful qualities;
gentle.</def>  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Reputed to have magical powers.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>No canny</b></col>, <cd>not safe, not fortunate;
unpropitious.</cd> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*noe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Canoes</b></plw> (#). [Sp. <i>canoa</i>, fr. Caribbean
<i>can&aacute;oa</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A boat used by
rude nations, formed of trunk of a tree, excavated, by cutting of
burning, into a suitable shape. It is propelled by a paddle or
paddles, or sometimes by sail, and has no rudder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others devised the boat of one tree, called the
<i>canoe</i>.<BR>
<i>Raleigh.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boat made of bark or skins, used by
savages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A birch <i>canoe</i>, with paddles, rising,
falling, on the water.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A light pleasure boat, especially
designed for use by one who goes alone upon long excursions,
including portage. It it propelled by a paddle, or by a small
sail attached to a temporary mast.</def></p>

<p><! p. 211 !></p>

<p><hw>Ca*noe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Canoed</u> (?) <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Canoeing</u> (&?;).] <def>To manage a canoe, or
voyage in a canoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*noe"ing</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or art
of using a canoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*noe"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
canoeman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*noe"man</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Canoemen</b></plw> (#). <def>One who uses a canoe; one
who travels in a canoe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cabins and clearing greeted the eye of the passing
<i>canoeman</i>.<BR>
<i>Parkman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"on</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>canon</i>,
<i>canoun</i>, AS. <i>canon</i> rule (cf. F. <i>canon</i>, LL.
<i>canon</i>, and, for sense 7, F. <i>chanoine</i>, LL.
<i>canonicus</i>), fr. L. <i>canon</i> a measuring line, rule,
model, fr. Gr. &?; rule, rod, fr. &?;, &?;, red. See <u>Cane</u>,
and cf. <u>Canonical</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A law or
rule.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or that the Everlasting had not fixed<BR>
His <i>canon</i> 'gainst self-slaughter.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A law, or rule of
doctrine or discipline, enacted by a council and confirmed by the
pope or the sovereign; a decision, regulation, code, or
constitution made by ecclesiastical authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Various <i>canons</i> which were made in councils
held in the second centry.<BR>
<i>Hock.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The collection of books received as
genuine Holy Scriptures, called the <i>sacred canon</i>, or
general rule of moral and religious duty, given by inspiration;
the Bible; also, any one of the canonical Scriptures. See
<i>Canonical books</i>, under <u>Canonical</u>, a.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In monasteries, a book containing the
rules of a religious order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A catalogue of saints acknowledged and
canonized in the Roman Catholic Church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A member of a cathedral chapter; a
person who possesses a prebend in a cathedral or collegiate
church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A musical composition in
which the voices begin one after another, at regular intervals,
successively taking up the same subject. It either winds up with
a <i>coda</i> (tailpiece), or, as each voice finishes, commences
anew, thus forming a perpetual fugue or round. It is the
strictest form of imitation. See <u>Imitation</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The largest size of
type having a specific name; -- so called from having been used
for printing the canons of the church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The part of a bell by which it is
suspended; -- called also <i>ear</i> and <i>shank</i>.</def> [See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bell</u>.]  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>See
<u>Carom</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Apostolical canons</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Apostolical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Augustinian canons</b></col>,
<col><b>Black canons</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Augustinian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canon capitular</b></col>,
<col><b>Canon residentiary</b></col>, <cd>a resident member of a
cathedral chapter (during a part or the whole of the year).</cd>
-- <col><b>Canon law</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Law</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Canon of the Mass</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>that
part of the mass, following the Sanctus, which never
changes.</cd> -- <col><b>Honorary canon</b></col>, <cd>a canon
who neither lived in a monastery, nor kept the canonical
hours.</cd> -- <col><b>Minor canon</b></col> <i>(Ch. of
Eng.)</i>, <cd>one who has been admitted to a chapter, but has
not yet received a prebend.</cd> -- <col><b>Regular
canon</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>one who lived in a
conventual community and follower the rule of St. Austin; a Black
canon.</cd> -- <col><b>Secular canon</b></col> <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i>, <cd>one who did not live in a monastery, but kept the
hours.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*&ntilde;on"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., a
tube or hollow, fr. <i>ca&ntilde;a</i> reed, fr. L. <i>canna</i>.
See <u>Cane</u>.] <def>A deep gorge, ravine, or gulch, between
high and steep banks, worn by water courses.</def> [Mexico &
Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"on bit`</hw> (?). [F. <i>canon</i>, fr. L.
<i>canon</i> a rule.] <def>That part of a bit which is put in a
horse's mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"on bone`</hw> (?). [F. <i>canon</i>, fr. L.
<i>canon</i> a rule. See <u>canon</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
shank bone, or great bone above the fetlock, in the fore and hind
legs of the horse and allied animals, corresponding to the middle
metacarpal or metatarsal bone of most mammals. See
<u>Horse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"on*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>canonissa</i>.] <def>A woman who holds a canonry in a
conventual chapter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Regular canoness</b></col>, <cd>one bound by the
poverty, and observing a strict rule of life.</cd> --
<col><b>Secular canoness</b></col>, <cd>one allowed to hold
private property, and bound only by vows of chastity and
obedience so long as she chose to remain in the chapter.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*non"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Can*non"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cannonicus</i>, LL.
<i>canonicalis</i>, fr. L. <i>canon</i>: cf. F. <i>canonique</i>.
See <u>canon</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a canon; established
by, or according to a , canon or canons.</def> "The oath of
<i>canonical</i> obedience."  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Canonical books</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Canonical
Scriptures</b></col>, <cd>those books which are declared by the
canons of the church to be of divine inspiration; -- called
collectively <i>the canon</i>. The Roman Catholic Church holds as
canonical several books which Protestants reject as
apocryphal.</cd> -- <col><b>Canonical epistles</b></col>, <cd>an
appellation given to the epistles called also <i>general</i> or
<i>catholic</i>. See <i>Catholic epistles</i>, under
<u>Canholic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canonical form</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the simples or most symmetrical form to which
all functions of the same class can be reduced without lose of
generality.</cd> -- <col><b>Canonical hours</b></col>,
<cd>certain stated times of the day, fixed by ecclesiastical
laws, and appropriated to the offices of prayer and devotion;
also, certain portions of the Breviary, to be used at stated
hours of the day. In England, this name is also given to the
hours from 8 <u>a. m.</u> to 3 <u>p. m.</u> (formerly 8 <u>a.
m.</u> to 12 <u>m.</u>) before and after which marriage can not
be legally performed in any parish church.</cd> --
<col><b>Canonical letters</b></col>, <cd>letters of several
kinds, formerly given by a bishop to traveling clergymen or
laymen, to show that they were entitled to receive the communion,
and to distinguish them from heretics.</cd> -- <col><b>Canonical
life</b></col>, <cd>the method or rule of living prescribed by
the ancient clergy who lived in community; a course of living
prescribed for the clergy, less rigid than the monastic, and more
restrained that the secular.</cd> -- <col><b>Canonical
obedience</b></col>, <cd>submission to the canons of a church,
especially the submission of the inferior clergy to their
bishops, and of other religious orders to their superiors.</cd> -
- <col><b>Canonical punishments</b></col>, <cd>such as the church
may inflict, as excommunication, degradation, penance, etc.</cd>
-- <col><b>Canonical sins</b></col> <i>(Anc. Church.)</i>,
<cd>those for which capital punishment or public penance decreed
by the canon was inflicted, as idolatry, murder, adultery,
heresy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*non"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
canonical manner; according to the canons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*non"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being canonical; canonicity.</def>  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*non"ic*als</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The
dress prescribed by canon to be worn by a clergyman when
officiating. Sometimes, any distinctive professional
dress.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Full canonicals</b></col>, <cd>the complete costume of
an officiating clergyman or ecclesiastic.</cd></p>
i
<p><hw>Ca*non"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>canonucatus</i> canonical: cf. F. <i>canonicat</i>.] <def>The
office of a canon; a canonry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can`on*ic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>canonicit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being
canonical; agreement with the canon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"on*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>canoniste</i>.] <def>A professor of canon law; one skilled in
the knowledge and practice of ecclesiastical law.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can`on*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a canonist.</def> "This <i>canonistic</i>
exposition."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can`on*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>canonisation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The final process
or decree (following beatifacation) by which the name of a
deceased person is placed in the catalogue (canon) of saints and
commended to perpetual veneration and invocation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Canonization</i> of saints was not known to the
Christian church titl toward the middle of the tenth century.<BR>
<i>Hoock.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being canonized or
sainted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"on*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Canonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Canonizing</u>.] [F. <i>canoniser</i> or LL.
<i>canonizare</i>, fr. L. <i>canon</i>.. See <u>Canon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To declare (a deceased
person) a saint; to put in the catalogue of saints; as, Thomas a
Becket was <i>canonized</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To glorify; to exalt to the highest
honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fame in time to come <i>canonize</i> us.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rate as inspired; to include in the
canon.</def>[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"on*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<u>Canonries</u> (&?;). <def>A benefice or prebend in a cathedral
or collegiate church; a right to a place in chapter and to a
portion of its revenues; the dignity or emoluments of a
canon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"on*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Canopus in Egypt; as, the <i>Canopic</i> vases,
used in embalming.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*no"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Canopus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, town of Egypt.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>A star of the first magnitude in the southern constellation
Argo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"o*py</hw> (k&abreve;n"&osl;*p&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Canopies</b></plw> (-
p&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>canapie</i>, F. <i>canap&eacute;</i> sofa,
OF. <i>conop&eacute;e</i>, <i>conopeu</i>, <i>conopieu</i>,
canopy, vail, pavilion (cf. It. <i>canop&egrave;</i> canopy,
sofa), LL. <i>conopeum</i> a bed with mosquito curtains, fr. Gr.
<grk>kwnwpei^on</grk>, fr. <grk>kw`nwps</grk> gnat,
<grk>kw`nos</grk> cone + <grk>'w`ps</grk> face. See <u>Cone</u>,
and <u>Optic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A covering fixed over
a bed, dais, or the like, or carried on poles over an exalted
personage or a sacred object, etc. chiefly as a mark of
honor.</def> "Golden <i>canopies</i> and beds of state."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
ornamental projection, over a door, window, niche, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Also, a rooflike covering, supported on
pillars over an altar, a statue, a fountain, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"o*py</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Canopes</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Canopying</u>.] <def>To cover with, or as with, a
canopy.</def> "A bank with ivy <i>canopied</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*no"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>canorus</i>, from <i>nor</i> melody, fr. <i>canere</i> to
sing.] <def>Melodious; musical.</def> "Birds that are most
<i>canorous</i>."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A long, lound, and <i>canorous</i> peal of
laughter.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*no"rous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being musical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He chooses his language for its rich
<i>canorousness</i>.<BR>
<i>Lowell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Candlestick.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., edge, angle,
prof. from L. <i>canthus</i> the iron ring round a carriage
wheel, a wheel, Gr. &?; the corner of the eye, the felly of a
wheel; cf. W. <i>cant</i> the stake or tire of a wheel. Cf.
<u>Canthus</u>, <u>Canton</u>, <u>Cantle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A corner; angle; niche.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The first and principal person in the temple was
Irene, or Peace; she was placed aloft in a <i>cant</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An outer or external angle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An inclination from a horizontal or
vertical line; a slope or bevel; a titl.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sudden thrust, push, kick, or other
impulse, producing a bias or change of direction; also, the bias
or turn so give; as, to give a ball a <i>cant</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Coopering)</i> <def>A segment forming a
side piece in the head of a cask.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A segment of he rim of
a wooden cogwheel.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of wood laid
upon the deck of a vessel to support the bulkheads.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cant frames</b></col>, <col><b>Cant timbers</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>timber at the two ends of a ship, rising
obliquely from the keel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Canted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Canting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To incline; to set at an
angle; to tilt over; to tip upon the edge; as, to <i>cant</i> a
cask; to <i>cant</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a sudden turn or new direction
to; as, to <i>cant</i> round a stick of timber; to <i>cant</i> a
football.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut off an angle from, as from a
square piece of timber, or from the head of a bolt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from OF.
<i>cant</i>, F. <i>chant</i>, singing, in allusion to the singing
or whining tine of voice used by beggars, fr. L. <i>cantus</i>.
See <u>Chant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An affected, singsong
mode of speaking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The idioms and peculiarities of speech
in any sect, class, or occupation.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cant</i> of any profession.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The use of religious phraseology
without understanding or sincerity; empty, solemn speech,
implying what is not felt; hypocrisy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall hear no <i>cant</i> from me.<BR>
<i>F. W. Robertson</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Vulgar jargon; slang; the secret
language spoker by gipsies, thieves, tramps, or
beggars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of
cant; affected; vulgar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To introduce and multiply <i>cant</i> words in the
most ruinous corruption in any language.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cant</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To speak in a whining voice, or an affected, singsong
tone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make whining pretensions to
goodness; to talk with an affectation of religion, philanthropy,
etc.; to practice hypocrisy; as, a <i>canting</i>
fanatic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rankest rogue that ever <i>canted</i>.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To use pretentious language, barbarous
jargon, or technical terms; to talk with an affectation of
learning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The doctor here,<BR>
When he discourseth of dissection,<BR>
Of vena cava and of vena porta,<BR>
The meser&aelig;um and the mesentericum,<BR>
What does he else but <i>cant</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That uncouth affected garb of speech, or
<i>canting</i> language, if I may so call it.<BR>
<i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from OF.
<i>cant</i>, equiv. to L. <i>quantum</i>; cf. F. <i>encan</i>,
fr. L. <i>in quantum</i>, i.e. "for how much?"] <def>A call for
bidders at a public sale; an auction.</def> "To sell their leases
by <i>cant</i>."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>to sell by
auction, or bid a price at a sale by auction.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can't</hw> (?). <def>A colloquial contraction for <i>can
not</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"tab</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviated from
<i>Cantabrigian</i>.] <def>A Cantabrigian.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Can*ta"bi*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.,
<i>cantare</i> to sing.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In a melodious,
flowing style; in a singing style, as opposed to <i>bravura</i>,
<i>recitativo</i>, or <i>parlando</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Can*ta"bi*le</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A piece or passage, whether vocal or instrumental,
peculiarly adapted to singing; -- sometimes called
<i>cantilena</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can*ta"bri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Cantabria on the Bay of Biscay in Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can`ta*brig"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native or resident of Cambridge; esp. a student or graduate of
the university of Cambridge, England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ta*lev`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cant</i>
an external angle + <i>lever</i> a supporter of the roof timber
of a house.] [Written also <i>cantaliver</i> and
<i>cantilever</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
bracket to support a balcony, a cornice, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>A projecting beam,
truss, or bridge unsupported at the outer end; one which
overhangs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cantalever bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge in which the
principle of the cantalever is applied. It is usually a trussed
bridge, composed of two portions reaching out from opposite
banks, and supported near the middle of their own length on piers
which they overhang, thus forming cantalevers which meet over the
space to be spanned or sustain a third portion, to complete the
connection.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Can"ta*loupe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cantaloup</i>, It. <i>cantalupo</i>, so called from the caste
of <i>Cantalupo</i>, in the Marca d'Ancona, in Italy, where they
were first grown in Europe, from seed said to have been imported
from Armenia.] <def>A muskmelon of several varieties, having when
mature, a yellowish skin, and flesh of a reddish orange
color.</def> [Written also <i>cantaleup</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Can*tan"ker*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Perverse; contentious; ugly; malicious.</def> [Colloq.] --
<wf>Can*tan"ker*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Can*tan"ker*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cantankerous</i> old maiden aunt.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Can"tar</hw> (?), <hw>||Can*tar"ro</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>cantaro</i> (in sense 1), Sp.
<i>cantaro</i> (in sense 2).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A weight used in southern Europe and
East for heavy articles. It varies in different localities; thus,
at Rome it is nearly 75 pounds, in Sardinia nearly 94 pounds, in
Cairo it is 95 pounds, in Syria about 503 pounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A liquid measure in Spain, ranging
from two and a half to four gallons.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Can*ta"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr.
<i>cantare</i> to sing, fr. L. <i>cantare</i> intens of
<i>canere</i> to sing.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A poem set to music; a
musical composition comprising choruses, solos, interludes, etc.,
arranged in a somewhat dramatic manner; originally, a composition
for a single noise, consisting of both recitative and
melody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cantatio</i>.] <def>A singing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cant"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing cant or affectation; whining; singing.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Can`ta*tri"ce</hw> (k&adot;n`t&adot;*tr&emacr;"ch&asl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A female
professional singer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cant"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 2d
<u>Cant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having angles; as, a six
<i>canted</i> bolt head; a <i>canted</i> window.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Canted column</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a column
polygonal in plan.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined at an angle to something
else; tipped; sloping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can*teen"</hw> (k&abreve;n*t&emacr;n"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cantine</i> bottle case, canteen (cf.
Sp. &amp; It. <i>cantina</i> cellar, bottle case), either contr. fr.
It. <i>canovettina</i>, dim. of <i>canova</i> cellar, or, more
likely, fr. OF. <i>cant</i>. corner, It. &amp; Sp. <i>canto</i>. See
1st <u>Cant</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vessel
used by soldiers for carrying water, liquor, or other
drink.</def> [Written also <i>cantine</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; In the English service the <i>canteen</i> is made of
wood and holds three pints; in the United States it is usually a
tin flask.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sutler's shop in a garrison; also,
a chest containing culinary and other vessels for
officers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cantle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [An abbreviation of
<i>Caner bury</i>. See <i>Canterbury gallop</i>, under
<u>Canterbury</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A moderate and easy
gallop adapted to pleasure riding.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>canter</i> is a thoroughly artificial pace, at
first extremely tiring to the horse, and generally only to be
produced in him by the restraint of a powerful bit, which compels
him to throw a great part of his weight on his haunches . . .
There is so great a variety in the mode adopted by different
horses for performing the canter, that no single description will
suffice, nor indeed is it easy . . . to define any one of them.
<i>J. H. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><! p. 212 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rapid or easy passing
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A rapid <i>canter</i> in the Times over all the
topics.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Stephen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cantered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cantering</u>.] <def>To move in a
canter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause, as a
horse, to go at a canter; to ride (a horse) at a
canter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cant"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who cants or whines; a beggar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who makes hypocritical pretensions
to goodness; one who uses canting language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The day when he was a <i>canter</i> and a
rebel.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"ter*bur*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A city in England, giving its name
various articles. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Canterbury
(primate of all England), and contains the shrine of Thomas
&agrave; Becket, to which pilgrimages were formerly
made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stand with divisions in it for
holding music, loose papers, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Canterbury ball</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species
of <i>Campanula</i> of several varieties, cultivated for its
handsome bell-shaped flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Canterbury
gallop</b></col>, <cd>a gentle gallop such as was used by
pilgrims riding to Canterbury; a canter.</cd> --
<col><b>Canterbury tale</b></col>, <cd>one of the tales which
Chaucer puts into the mouths of certain pilgrims to Canterbury.
Hence, any tale told by travelers to pass away the time.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Can*thar"*i*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to cantharides or made of cantharides; as,
<i>cantharidal</i> plaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can*thar"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cantharis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can*thar"i*din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The active principle of the cantharis, or
Spanish fly, a volatile, acrid, bitter solid, crystallizing in
four-sided prisms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"tha*ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cantharides</b></plw> (#). [L., a kind of beetle, esp.
the Spanish fly, Gr. <grk>kanqari`s</grk>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A beetle (<i>Lytta, or Cantharis, vesicatoria</i>), havin1g
an elongated cylindrical body of a brilliant green color, and a
nauseous odor; the blister fly or blister beetle, of the
apothecary; -- also called <i>Spanish fly</i>. Many other species
of <i>Lytta</i>, used for the same purpose, take the same name.
See <i>Blister beetle</i>, under <u>Blister</u>. The plural form
in usually applied to the dried insects used in
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cant" hook`</hw> (?). <def>A wooden lever with a movable
iron hook. hear the end; -- used for canting or turning over
heavy logs, etc.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"tho*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?;,
corner of the eye + &?; to from.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The
operation of forming a new canthus, when one has been destroyed
by injury or disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Can"thus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Canthi</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The corner where the upper and under eyelids meet on each
side of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ti*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Canticles</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>canticulum</i> a little
song, dim. of <i>canticum</i> song, fr. <i>cantus</i> a singing,
fr. <i>coner</i> to sing. See <u>Chant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A song; esp. a little song or hymn.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl</i>. <def>The Song of Songs or Song
of Solomon, one of the books of the Old Testament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A canto or division of a poem</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A psalm, hymn, or passage from the
Bible, arranged for chanting in church service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ti*coy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of American
Indian origin.] <def>A social gathering; usually, one for
dancing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Cantle</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>||Can`ti*le"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. &amp; L.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See <u>Cantabile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ti*lev`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Cantalever</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"til*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cantillatus</i>, p. p. of <i>cantillare</i> to sing low, dim.
of <i>cantare</i>. See <u>Cantata</u>.] <def>To chant; to recite
with musical tones.</def>  <i>M. Stuart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can`til*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
chanting; recitation or reading with musical
modulations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can*tine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Canteen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cant"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speaking in a
whining tone of voice; using technical or religious terms
affectedly; affectedly pious; as, a <i>canting</i> rogue; a
<i>canting</i> tone.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cant"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cant"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Canting arms</b></col>, <col><b>Canting
heraldry</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>bearings in the nature of a
rebus alluding to the name of the bearer. Thus, the
<i>Castletons</i> bear three castles, and Pope Adrian IV.
(Nicholas Breakspeare) bore a broken spear.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cant"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use of cant;
hypocrisy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Can`ti*niere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>cantine</i> a sutler's shop, canteen.] <i>(Mil)</i> <def>A
woman who carries a canteen for soldiers; a
vivandi&egrave;re.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cantio</i>,
from <i>canere</i> to sing.] <def>A song or verses.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cantel</i>,
<i>chantel</i>, corner, side, piece, F. <i>chanteau</i> a piece
cut from a larger piece, dim. of OF. <i>cant</i> edge, corner.
See 1st <u>Cant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A corner or edge of
anything; a piece; a fragment; a part.</def> "In one
<i>cantle</i> of his law."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cuts me from the best of all my land<BR>
A huge half moon, a monstrous <i>cantle</i> out.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The upwardly projecting rear part of
saddle, opposite to the pommel.</def> [Written also
<i>cante</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut in
pieces; to cut out from.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>cantile</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cant"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>cantle</i>.] <def>A piece; a fragment; a corner.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cantos</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>canto</i>, fr. L.
<i>cantus</i> singing, song. See <u>Chant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the chief divisions of a long
poem; a book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The highest vocal part;
the air or melody in choral music; anciently the tenor, now the
soprano.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Canto fermo</b></col> (&?;) [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>the plain ecclesiastical chant in cathedral service; the
plain song.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Can"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A song or
canto</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Write loyal <i>cantons</i> of contemned love.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"ton</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>canton</i>,
augm. of OF. <i>cant</i> edge, corner. See 1st <u>Cant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small portion; a division; a
compartment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That little <i>canton</i> of land called the
"English pale"<BR>
<i>Davies.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>There is another piece of Holbein's, . . . in
which, in six several <i>cantons</i>, the several parts of our
Savior's passion are represented.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small community or clan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small territorial district; esp. one
of the twenty-two independent states which form the Swiss federal
republic; in France, a subdivision of an arrondissement. See
<u>Arrondissement</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A division of a shield
occupying one third part of the chief, usually on the dexter
side, formed by a perpendicular line from the top of the shield,
meeting a horizontal line from the side.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king gave us the arms of England to be borne
in a <i>canton</i> in our arms.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"ton</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cantoned</u> ; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cantoning</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>cantonner</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To divide into small parts or districts; to mark off or
separate, as a distinct portion or division.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>canton</i> out themselves a little Goshen
in the intellectual world.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To allot separate
quarters to, as to different parts or divisions of an army or
body of troops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ton*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a canton or cantons; of the nature of a
canton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ton crape"</hw> (kr&amacr;p"). <def>A soft, white or
colored silk fabric, of a gauzy texture and wavy appearance, used
for ladies' scarfs, shawls, bonnet trimmings, etc.; -- called
also <i>Oriental crape</i>.</def>  <i>De Colange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"toned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having a charge in each of
the four corners; -- said of a cross on a shield, and also of the
shield itself.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having the angles
marked by, or decorated with, projecting moldings or small
columns; as, a <i>cantoned</i> pier or pilaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ton flan"nel</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Cotton
flannel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ton*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
divide into cantons or small districts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ton*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cantonnement</i>.] <def>A town or village, or part of a town
or village, assigned to a body of troops for quarters; temporary
shelter or place of rest for an army; quarters.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When troops are sheltered in huts or quartered in the
houses of the people during any suspension of hostilities, they
are said to be in <i>cantonment</i>, or to be cantoned. In India,
permanent military stations, or military towns, are termed
<i>cantonments</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Can*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cotton
stuff showing a fine cord on one side and a satiny surface on the
other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a singer, fr.
<i>caner</i> to sing.] <def>A singer; esp. the leader of a church
choir; a precentor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cantor</i> of the church intones the Te
Deum.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"tor*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
belonging to a cantor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cantoral staff</b></col>, <cd>the official staff or
baton of a cantor or precentor, with which time is marked for the
singers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Can*to"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., lit., of
the cantor, gen. of <i>cantor</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
cantor; as, the <i>cantoris</i> side of a choir; a
<i>cantoris</i> stall.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Can"trap</hw> (?), <hw>Can"trip</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>gandar</i>, ODan. &amp; OSw.
<i>gan</i>, witchcraft, and E. <i>trap</i> a snare,
<i>tramp</i>.] <def>A charm; an incantation; a shell; a trick;
adroit mischief.</def> [Written also <i>cantraip</i>.]
[Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Can"tred</hw> (?), <hw>||Can"tref</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>cantref</i>; <i>cant</i> hundred +
<i>tref</i> dwelling place, village.] <def>A district comprising
a hundred villages, as in Wales.</def> [Written also
<i>kantry</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Can"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cheerful;
sprightly; lively; merry.</def> "The <i>canty</i> dame."
<i>Wordsworth [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Contented with little, and <i>canty</i> with
mair.<BR>
<i>Burns.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*nuck"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A Canadian.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small or medium-sized hardy horse,
common in Canada.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Can"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Can"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<hw>Can"u*la`ted</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cannula</u>, <u>Cannular</u>, and <u>Cannulated</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"vas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>canvas</i>,
<i>canevas</i>, F. <i>canevas</i>, LL. <i>canabacius</i> hempen
cloth, canvas, L. <i>cannabis</i> hemp, fr. G. &?;. See
<u>Hemp</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A strong cloth made of
hemp, flax, or cotton; -- used for tents, sails, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By glimmering lanes and walls of <i>canvas</i>
led.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A coarse cloth so
woven as to form regular meshes for working with the needle, as
in tapestry, or worsted work.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
piece of strong cloth of which the surface has been prepared to
receive painting, commonly painting in oil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>History . . . does not bring out clearly upon the
<i>canvas</i> the details which were familiar.<BR>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something for which canvas is used:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A sail, or a collection of sails.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A tent, or a collection of tents.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A painting, or a picture on canvas.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To suit his <i>canvas</i> to the roughness of the
see.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Light, rich as that which glows on the
<i>canvas</i> of Claude.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A rough draft or model of a song, air,
or other literary or musical composition; esp. one to show a poet
the measure of the verses he is to make.</def>  <i>Grabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"vas</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of,
pertaining to, or resembling, canvas or coarse cloth; as, a
<i>canvas</i> tent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"vas*back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Species of duck (<i>Aythya
vallisneria</i>), esteemed for the delicacy of its flesh. It
visits the United States in autumn; particularly Chesapeake Bay
and adjoining waters; -- so named from the markings of the
plumage on its back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"vass</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>canvassed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Canvassing</u>.] [OF. <i>Canabasser</i> to
examine curiously, to search or sift out; properly, to sift
through canvas. See <u>Canvas</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sift; to strain; to examine
thoroughly; to scrutinize; as, to <i>canvass</i> the votes cast
at an election; to <i>canvass</i> a district with reference to
its probable vote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have made careful search on all hands, and
<i>canvassed</i> the matter with all possible diligence.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To examine by discussion; to
debate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An opinion that we are likely soon to
<i>canvass</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go through, with personal
solicitation or public addresses; as, to <i>canvass</i> a
district for votes; to <i>canvass</i> a city for
subscriptions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"vass</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To search
thoroughly; to engage in solicitation by traversing a district;
as, to <i>canvass</i> for subscriptions or for votes; to
<i>canvass</i> for a book, a publisher, or in behalf of a
charity; -- commonly followed by <i>for</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"vass</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Close inspection; careful review for verification; as, a
<i>canvass</i> of votes.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Examination in the way of discussion
or debate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Search; exploration; solicitation;
systematic effort to obtain votes, subscribers, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No previous <i>canvass</i> was made for me.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Can"vass*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
canvasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Cane</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to cane or canes; abounding with
canes.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Can"yon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The English
form of the Spanish word <u>Ca&ntilde;on</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Can*zo"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., a song,
fr. L. <i>cantio</i>, fr. <i>canere</i> to sing. Cf.
<u>Chanson</u>, <u>Chant</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A song or air for one or more voices, of Proven&ccedil;al
origin, resembling, though not strictly, the madrigal.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrumental piece in the madrigal
style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can`zo*net"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>canzonetta</i>, dim. of <i>canzone</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
short song, in one or more parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caout"chin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An inflammable, volatile, oily, liquid hydrocarbon, obtained
by the destructive distillation of caoutchouc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caout"chouc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>caoutchouc</i>, from the South American name.] <def>A
tenacious, elastic, gummy substance obtained from the milky sap
of several plants of tropical South America (esp. the
euphorbiaceous tree <i>Siphonia elastica</i> or <i>Hevea
caoutchouc</i>), Asia, and Africa. Being impermeable to liquids
and gases, and not readly affected by exposure to air, acids, and
alkalies, it is used, especially when vulcanized, for many
purposes in the arts and in manufactures. Also called <i>India
rubber</i> (because it was first brought from India, and was
formerly used chiefly for erasing pencil marks) and <i>gum
elastic</i>. See <u>Vulcanization</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mineral caoutchouc</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Mineral</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Caout"chou*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caoutchin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap</hw> (k&abreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cappe</i>, AS. <i>c&aelig;ppe</i>, cap, cape, hood, fr. LL,
<i>cappa</i>, <i>capa</i>; perhaps of Iberian origin, as Isidorus
of Seville mentions it first: "<i>Capa</i>, quia quasi totum
capiat hominem; it. capitis ornamentum." See 3d <u>Cape</u>, and
cf. 1st <u>Cope</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A covering for the
head</def>; esp. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One usually with a
visor but without a brim, for men and boys</def>;
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of lace, muslin, etc., for women, or
infants</def>; <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One used as the mark or
ensign of some rank, office, or dignity, as that of a
cardinal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The top, or uppermost part; the
chief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art the <i>cap</i> of all the fools
alive.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A respectful uncovering of the
head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that will give a <i>cap</i> and make a leg in
thanks.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The whole top of
the head of a bird from the base of the bill to the nape of the
neck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a cap in form,
position, or use</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The uppermost of any assemblage of parts; as, the <i>cap</i>
of column, door, etc.; a capital, coping, cornice, lintel, or
plate.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Something covering the top
or end of a thing for protection or ornament.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A collar of iron or wood
used in joining spars, as the mast and the topmast, the bowsprit
and the jib boom; also, a covering of tarred canvas at the end of
a rope.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A percussion cap. See
under <u>Percussion</u>.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i>
<def>The removable cover of a journal box.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A portion of a spherical
or other convex surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A large size of writing paper; as,
flat <i>cap</i>; fools<i>cap</i>; legal <i>cap</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cap of a cannon</b></col>, <cd>a piece of lead laid
over the vent to keep the priming dry; -- now called an
<i>apron</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cap in hand</b></col>,
<cd>obsequiously; submissively.</cd> -- <col><b>Cap of
liberty</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Liberty cap</i>, under
<u>Liberty</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cap of maintenance</b></col>,
<cd>a cap of state carried before the kings of England at the
coronation. It is also carried before the mayors of some
cities.</cd> -- <col><b>Cap money</b></col>, <cd>money collected
in a cap for the huntsman at the death of the fox.</cd> --
<col><b>Cap paper</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of
writing paper including flat cap, foolscap, and legal cap.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A coarse wrapping paper used for making
caps to hold commodities.</cd> -- <col><b>Cap rock</b></col>
<i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>The layer of rock next overlying ore,
generally of barren vein material.</cd> -- <col><b>Flat
cap</b></col>, <cd>cap See <u>Foolscap</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Forage cap</b></col>, <cd>the cloth undress head covering
of an officer of soldier.</cd> -- <col><b>Legal cap</b></col>,
<cd>a kind of folio writing paper, made for the use of lawyers,
in long narrow sheets which have the fold at the top or "narrow
edge."</cd> -- <col><b>To set one's cap</b></col>, <cd>to make a
fool of one.</cd> (Obs.) <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To set one's
cap for</b></col>, <cd>to try to win the favor of a man with a
view to marriage.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 213 !></p>

<p><hw>Cap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Capped</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Capping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover
with a cap, or as with a cap; to provide with a cap or cover; to
cover the top or end of; to place a cap upon the proper part of;
as, to <i>cap</i> a post; to <i>cap</i> a gun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bones next the joint are <i>capped</i> with a
smooth cartilaginous substance.<BR>
<i>Derham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of cap.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To complete; to crown; to bring to the
highest point or consummation; as, to <i>cap</i> the climax of
absurdity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To salute by removing the cap.</def>
[Slang. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tom . . . <i>capped</i> the proctor with the
profoundest of bows.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To match; to mate in contest; to
furnish a complement to; as, to <i>cap</i> text; to <i>cap</i>
proverbs.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now I have him under girdle I'll <i>cap</i> verses
with him to the end of the chapter.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In <i>capping</i> verses, when one quotes a verse
another must <i>cap</i> it by quoting one beginning with the last
letter of the first letter, or with the first letter of the last
word, or ending with a rhyming word, or by applying any other
arbitrary rule may be agreed upon.</p>

<p><hw>Cap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To uncover the head
respectfully.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca`pa*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Capabilities</b></plw> (#). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality of being capable; capacity; capableness; esp.
intellectual power or ability.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>capability</i> to take a thousand views of a
subject.<BR>
<i>H. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capacity of being used or
improved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"pa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>capable</i>, LL. <i>capabilis</i> capacious, capable, fr. L.
<i>caper</i> to take, contain. See <u>Heave</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing ability, qualification, or
susceptibility; having capacity; of sufficient size or strength;
as, a room <i>capable</i> of holding a large number; a castle
<i>capable</i> of resisting a long assault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Concious of joy and <i>capable</i> of pain.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessing adequate power; qualified;
able; fully competent; as, a <i>capable</i> instructor; a
<i>capable</i> judge; a mind <i>capable</i> of nice
investigations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More <i>capable</i> to discourse of battles than
to give them.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Possessing legal power or capacity;
as, a man <i>capable</i> of making a contract, or a
will.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Capacious; large; comprehensive.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Capable</i> is usually followed by <i>of</i>,
sometimes by an infinitive.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Able; competent; qualified; fitted; efficient;
effective; skillful.</p>

<p><hw>Ca"pa*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being capable; capability; adequateness;
competency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pac"i*fy</hw> (k&adot;*p&abreve;s"&ibreve;*f&imacr;),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Capacified</u> (-f&imacr;d).] [L. <i>capax</i>, <i>-acis</i>,
capacious + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To quality.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The benefice he is <i>capacified</i> and designed
for.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pa"cious</hw> (k&adot;*p&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>capax</i>, <i>-acis</i>, fr.
<i>capere</i> to take. See <u>Heave</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having capacity; able to contain much; large; roomy;
spacious; extended; broad; as, a <i>capacious</i> vessel, room,
bay, or harbor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>capacious</i> recesses of his mind.<BR>
<i>Bancroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Able or qualified to make large views
of things, as in obtaining knowledge or forming designs;
comprehensive; liberal.</def> "A <i>capacious</i> mind."
<i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pa"cious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
capacious manner or degree; comprehensively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pa"cious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being capacious, as of a vessel, a reservoir a bay,
the mind, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pac"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Capacitated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Capacitating</u>.] <def>To render
capable; to enable; to qualify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By this instruction we may be <i>capaciated</i> to
observe those errors.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Capacities</b></plw> (-t&ibreve;z). [L. <i>capacitus</i>,
fr. <i>capax</i>, <i>capacis</i>; fr. F. <i>capacit&eacute;</i>.
See <u>Capacious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The power of
receiving or containing; extent of room or space; passive power;
-- used in reference to physical things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had our great palace the <i>capacity</i><BR>
To camp this host, we all would sup together.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>capacity</i> of the exhausted cylinder.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power of receiving and holding
ideas, knowledge, etc.; the comprehensiveness of the mind; the
receptive faculty; capability of understanding or
feeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Capacity</i> is now properly limited to these
[the mere passive operations of the mind]; its primary
signification, which is literally <i>room for</i>, as well as its
employment, favors this; although it can not be denied that there
are examples of its usage in an active sense.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ability; power pertaining to, or
resulting from, the possession of strength, wealth, or talent;
possibility of being or of doing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>capacity</i> of blessing the people.<BR>
<i>Alex. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A cause with such <i>capacities</i> endued.<BR>
<i>Blackmore.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Outward condition or circumstances;
occupation; profession; character; position; as, to work in the
<i>capacity</i> of a mason or a carpenter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Legal or moral
qualification, as of age, residence, character, etc., necessary
for certain purposes, as for holding office, for marrying, for
making contracts, wills, etc.; legal power or right;
competency.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Capacity for heat</b></col>, <cd>the power of
absorbing heat. Substances differ in the amount of heat requisite
to raise them a given number of thermometric degrees, and this
difference is the measure of, or depends upon, what is called
their <i>capacity for heat</i>. See <i>Specific heat</i>, under
<u>Heat</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ability; faculty; talent; capability; skill;
efficiency; cleverness. See <u>Ability</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cap`*a*pe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cap-a-pie</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cap`*a*pie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OF. (&?;)
<i>cap-a-pie</i>, from head to foot, now <i>de pied en cap</i>
from foot to head; L. <i>pes</i> foot + <i>caput</i> head.]
<def>From head to foot; at all points.</def> "He was armed
<i>cap-a-pie</i>."  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*par"i*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>capara&ccedil;on</i>, fr. Sp. <i>caparazon</i> a cover for a
saddle, coach, etc.; <i>capa</i> cloak, cover (fr. LL.
<i>capa</i>, cf. LL. <i>caparo</i> also fr. <i>capa</i>) + the
term. <i>azon</i>. See <u>Cap</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
ornamental covering or housing for a horse; the harness or
trappings of a horse, taken collectively, esp. when
decorative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their horses clothed with rich
<i>caparison</i>.<BR>
<i>Drylen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gay or rich clothing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My heart groans beneath the gay
<i>caparison</i>.<BR>
<i>Smollett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*par"i*son</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Caparisoned</u> (?) <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Caparisoning</u>.] [Cf. F
<i>capara&ccedil;onner</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with housings, as a horse; to
harness or fit out with decorative trappings, as a
horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The steeds, <i>caparisoned</i> with purple,
stand.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with rich dress; to
dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>caparisoned</i> like a man.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*par"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native Indian
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large South American monkey
(<i>Lagothrix Humboldtii</i>), with prehensile tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"case`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
traveling case or bandbox; formerly, a chest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>capcase</i> for your linen and your
plate.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cape</hw> (k&amacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cap</i>, fr. It. <i>capo</i> head, cape, fr. L. <i>caput</i>
heat, end, point. See <u>Chief</u>.] <def>A piece or point of
land, extending beyond the adjacent coast into the sea or a lake;
a promontory; a headland.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cape buffalo</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>a large
and powerful buffalo of South Africa (<i>Bubalus Caffer</i>). It
is said to be the most dangerous wild beast of Africa. See
<u>Buffalo</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Cape jasmine</b></col>,
<col><b>Cape jessamine</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Jasmine</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cape pigeon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a petrel
(<i>Daptium Capense</i>) common off the Cape of Good Hope. It is
about the size of a pigeon.</cd> -- <col><b>Cape wine</b></col>,
<cd>wine made in South Africa</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>The
Cape</b></col>, <cd>the Cape of Good Hope, in the general sense
of the southern extremity of Africa. Also used of Cape Horn, and,
in New England, of Cape Cod.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cape</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
head or point; to keep a course; as, the ship <i>capes</i>
southwest by south.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cape</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>Cape</i>, fr. F.
<i>cape</i>; cf. LL. <i>cappa</i>. See <u>Cap</u>, and cf. 1st
<u>Cope</u>, <u>Chape</u>.] <def>A sleeveless garment or part of
a garment, hanging from the neck over the back, arms, and
shoulders, but not reaching below the hips. See
<u>Cloak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cape</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Gape</u>.]
<def>To gape.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca"pel</hw> (k&amacr;"p&ebreve;l), <hw>Ca"ple</hw> (-
p'l) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>kapall</i>; cf. L.
<i>caballus</i>.] <def>A horse; a nag.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca"pel</hw> (k&amacr;"p&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>A composite stone (quartz, schorl, and
hornblende) in the walls of tin and copper lodes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"e*lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Capelin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cape"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>capelan</i>, <i>caplan</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
marine fish (<i>Mallotus villosus</i>) of the family
<i>Salmonid&aelig;</i>, very abundant on the coasts of Greenland,
Iceland, Newfoundland, and Alaska. It is used as a bait for the
cod.</def> [Written also <i>capelan</i> and <i>caplin</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; This fish, which is like a smelt, is called by the
Spaniards <i>anchova</i>, and by the Portuguese <i>capelina</i>.
<i>Fisheries of U. S. (1884).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"pe*line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>capella</i>. See <u>Chapel</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A hood-
shaped bandage for the head, the shoulder, or the stump of an
amputated limb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a little
goat, dim. of <i>caper</i> a goat.] <i>(Asrton.)</i> <def>A
brilliant star in the constellation Auriga.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"el*lane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chaplain</u>.] <def>The curate of a chapel; a chaplain.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*pel"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The private orchestra or band of a prince or
of a church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"el*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>capelet</i>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A swelling, like a wen, on
the point of the elbow (or the heel of the hock) of a horse,
caused probably by bruises in lying down.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*pell"meis`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>capelle</i> chapel, private band of a prince + <i>meister</i>
a master.] <def>The musical director in a royal or ducal chapel;
a choir-master.</def> [Written also <i>kapellmeister</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Capered</u> <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>capering</u>.] [From older <i>capreoll</i> to caper, cf. F.
<i>se cabrer</i> to prance; all ultimately fr. L. <i>caper</i>,
<i>capra</i>, goat. See <u>Capriole</u>.] <def>To leap or jump
about in a sprightly manner; to cut capers; to skip; to spring;
to prance; to dance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>capers</i>, he dances, he has eyes of
youth.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A frolicsome leap
or spring; a skip; a jump, as in mirth or dancing; a
prank.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To cut a caper</b></col>, <cd>to frolic; to make a
sportive spring; to play a prank.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>kaper</i>.]
<def>A vessel formerly used by the Dutch, privateer.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>c&acirc;pre</i>,
fr. L. <i>capparis</i>, Gr. &?;; cf. Ar. &amp; Per. <i>al-kabar</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The pungent grayish green flower bud of
the European and Oriental caper (<i>Capparis spinosa</i>), much
used for pickles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Capparis</i>; -- called also <i>caper bush</i>, <i>caper
tree</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Capparis spinosa</i> is a low prickly shrub of
the Mediterranean coasts, with trailing branches and brilliant
flowers; -- cultivated in the south of Europe for its buds. The
<i>C. sodada</i> is an almost leafless spiny shrub of central
Africa (Soudan), Arabia, and southern India, with edible
berries.</p>

<p><col><b>Bean caper</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bran caper</u>, in
the <u>Vocabulary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Caper sauce</b></col>,
<cd>a kind of sauce or catchup made of capers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca"per*ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The small olive-shaped berry of the
European and Oriental caper, said to be used in pickles and as a
condiment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The currantlike fruit of the African
and Arabian caper (<i>Capparis sodado</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca"per bush`</hw> (?), <hw>Ca"per tree`</hw> (?).
}<def>See <u>Capper</u>, a plant, 2.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca"per*cail`zie</hw> (?), or <hw>Ca"per*cal`ly</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael, <i>capulcoile</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of grouse (<i>Tetrao
uragallus</i>) of large size and fine flavor, found in northern
Europe and formerly in Scotland; -- called also <i>cock of the
woods</i>.</def> [Written also <i>capercaillie</i>,
<i>capercaili</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca"per*claw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
treat with cruel playfulness, as a cat treats a mouse; to
abuse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Birch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca"per*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
capers, leaps, and skips about, or dances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nimble <i>caperer</i> on the cord.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<u>Capfuls</u> (&?;). <def>As much as will fill a cap.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A capful of wind</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a light
puff of wind.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"pi*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. thou mayst
take.] <i>(Low)</i> <def>A writ or process commanding the officer
to take the body of the person named in it, that is, to arrest
him; -- also called <i>writ of capias</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; One principal kind of <i>capias</i> is a writ by which
actions at law are frequently commenced; another is a writ of
execution issued after judgment to satisfy damages recovered; a
<i>capias</i> in criminal law is the process to take a person
charged on an indictment, when he is not in custody.  <i>Burrill.
Wharton.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Ca`pi*ba"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Capybara</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap`il*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capillaceus</i> hairy, fr. <i>capillus</i> hair.] <def>Having
long filaments; resembling a hair; slender. See
<u>Capillary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap`il*laire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>capillaire</i> maiden-hair; sirop de <i>capillaire</i>
capillaire; fr. L. herba <i>capillaris</i> the maidenhair.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sirup prepared from the maiden-hair,
formerly supposed to have medicinal properties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any simple sirup flavored with orange
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pil"la*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capillamentum</i>, fr. <i>capillus</i> hair: cf. F.
<i>capillament</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
filament.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Any villous or hairy
covering; a fine fiber or filament, as of the nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"il*la*ri*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being capillary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap`il*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>capillarit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or condition of being
capillary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The peculiar action
by which the surface of a liquid, where it is in contact with a
solid (as in a capillary tube), is elevated or depressed;
capillary attraction.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Capillarity</i> depends upon the relative attaction
of the modecules of the liquid for each other and for those of
the solid, and is especially observable in capillary tubes, where
it determines the ascent or descent of the liquid above or below
the level of the liquid which the tube is dipped; -- hence the
name.</p>

<p><hw>Cap"il*la*ry</hw> (k&abreve;p"&ibreve;l*l&asl;*r&ybreve;
<i>or</i> k&adot;*p&ibreve;l"l&adot;*r&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>capillaris</i>, fr. <i>capillus</i>
hair. Cf. <u>Capillaire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling
a hair; fine; minute; very slender; having minute tubes or
interspaces; having very small bore; as, the <i>capillary</i>
vessels of animals and plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to capillary tubes or
vessels; as, <i>capillary</i> action.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Capillary attraction</b></col>, <col><b>Capillary
repulsion</b></col>, <cd>the apparent attraction or repulsion
between a solid and liquid caused by capillarity. See
<u>Capillarity</u>, and <u>Attraction</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Capillarity tubes</b></col>. <cd>See the <u>Note</u>
under <u>Capillarity</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cap"il*la*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<u>Capillaries</u> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tube or
vessel, extremely fine or minute.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A minute, thin-walled
vessel; particularly one of the smallest blood vessels connecting
arteries and veins, but used also for the smallest lymphatic and
biliary vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap`il*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capillatio</i> the hair.] <def>A capillary blood vessel.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pil"la*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capillatura</i>.] <def>A bush of hair; frizzing of the
hair.</def>  <i>Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pil"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capillus</i> hair + <i>-form</i>.] <def>In the shape or form
of, a hair, or of hairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"il*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capillosus</i>.] <def>Having much hair; hairy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*pis"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capistratus</i>, p. p. of <i>capistrare</i> halter.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Hooded; cowled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>capital</i>, L. <i>capitalis</i> capital (in senses 1 &amp; 2),
fr. <i>caput</i> head. See <u>Chief</u>, and cf. <u>Capital</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
the head.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Needs must the Serpent now his <i>capital</i>
bruise<BR>
Expect with mortal pain.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having reference to, or involving, the
forfeiture of the head or life; affecting life; punishable with
death; as, <i>capital</i> trials; <i>capital</i>
punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many crimes that are <i>capital</i> among us.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To put to death a <i>capital</i> offender.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>First in importance; chief;
principal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>capital</i> article in religion<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever is <i>capital</i> and essential in
Christianity.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Chief, in a political sense, as being
the seat of the general government of a state or nation; as,
Washington and Paris are <i>capital</i> cities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Of first rate quality; excellent; as,
a <i>capital</i> speech or song.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 214 !></p>

<p><col><b>Capital letter</b></col> [F, <i>lettre capitale</i>]
<i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a leading or heading letter, used at the
beginning of a sentence and as the first letter of certain words,
distinguished, for the most part, both by different form and
larger size, from the small (<i>lower-case</i>) letters, which
form the greater part of common print or writing.</cd> --
<col><b>Small capital letters</b></col> <cd>have the form of
capital letters and height of the body of the lower-case
letters.</cd> -- <col><b>Capital stock</b></col>, <cd>money,
property, or stock invested in any business, or the enterprise of
any corporation or institution.</cd>  <i>Abbott.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Chief; leading; controlling; prominent.</p>

<p><hw>Cap"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>capitellum</i> and <i>Capitulum</i>, a small head, the head,
top, or capital of a column, dim. of <i>caput</i> head; F.
<i>chapiteau</i>, OF. <i>capitel</i>. See <u>Chief</u>, and cf.
<u>Cattle</u>, <u>Chattel</u>, <u>Chapiter</u>, <u>Chapter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The head or uppermost
member of a column, pilaster, etc. It consists generally of three
parts, <i>abacus</i>, <i>bell</i> (or <i>vase</i>), and
<i>necking</i>. See these terms, and <u>Column</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>capilate</i>, fem., sc.
<i>ville</i>.] <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>The seat of government; the
chief city or town in a country; a metropolis.</def> "A busy and
splendid <i>capital</i>"  <i>Macauly.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>capital</i>.] <def>Money,
property, or stock employed in trade, manufactures, etc.; the sum
invested or lent, as distinguished from the income or interest.
See <i>Capital stock</i>, under <u>Capital</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i> <def>That portion of
the produce of industry, which may be directly employed either to
support human beings or to assist in production.</def>
<i>M'Culloch.</i></p>

<p>&fist; When wealth is used to assist production it is called
<i>capital</i>. The capital of a civilized community includes
<i>fixed capital</i> (i.e. buildings, machines, and roads used in
the course of production and exchange) amd <i>circulating
capital</i> (i.e., food, fuel, money, etc., spent in the course
of production and exchange).  <i>T. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Anything which can be used to increase
one's power or influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He tried to make <i>capital</i> out of his rival's
discomfiture.<BR>
<i>London Times.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>An imaginary line
dividing a bastion, ravelin, or other work, into two equal
parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A chapter, or section, of a
book.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Holy St. Bernard hath said in the 59th
<i>capital</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>See <i>Capital
letter</i>, under <u>Capital</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Active capital</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Active</u>,</cd> -- <col><b>Small capital</b></col>
<i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a small capital letter. See under
<u>Capital</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To live on
one's capital</b></col>, <cd>to consume one's capital without
producing or accumulating anything to replace it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cap"i*tal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>capitaliste</i>.] <def>One who has capital; one who has money
for investment, or money invested; esp. a person of large
property, which is employed in business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The expenditure of the <i>capitalist</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cap"i*tal*i*za`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act or process of capitalizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"i*tal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Capitalized</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Capitalizing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convert into capital, or to use as
capital.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To compute, appraise, or assess the
capital value of (a patent right, an annuity, etc.)</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To print in capital letters, or with
an initial capital.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap*i*tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a way involving the forfeiture of the
head or life; as, to punish <i>capitally</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a capital manner;
excellently.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Cap"i*tal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being capital; preeminence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca`pi*tan` Pa*sha`</hw> or <hw>Pa*cha`</hw> (?) }. [See
<u>capitan</u>.] <def>The chief admiral of the Turkish
fleet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capitatus</i> fr. <i>caput</i> head.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Headlike in form; also, having the distal end enlarged and
rounded, as the stigmas of certain flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the flowers
gathered into a head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap`i*ta"tim</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>Of
so much per head; as, a <i>capitatim</i> tax; a <i>capitatim</i>
grant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capitatio</i> a poll tax, fr. <i>caput</i> head; cf. F.
<i>capitation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A numbering of heads
or individuals.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tax upon each head or person,
without reference to property; a poll tax.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cap"i*te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., abl. of
<i>caput</i> head.] <def>See under <u>Tenant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap`i*tel"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capitellum</i>, dim. of <i>caput</i> head.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having a very small knoblike termination, or collected into
minute capitula.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cap`i*ti*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., from L. <i>caput</i>, <i>capitis</i>, head +
<i>-branchiae</i> gills.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
annelids in which the gills arise from or near the head. See
<u>Tubicola</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"i*tol</hw> (?), [L. <i>capitolium</i>, fr.
<i>caput</i> head: cf. F. <i>capitole</i>. See <u>Chief</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The temple of Jupiter, at Rome, on the
Mona Capitolinus, where the Senate met.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Comes C&aelig;sar to the <i>Capitol</i> to-
morrow?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The edifice at Washington occupied by
the Congress of the United States; also, the building in which
the legislature of State holds its sessions; a
statehouse.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cap`i*to"li*an</hw> (?), <hw>Cap"i*to*line</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>capitolinus</i>: cf. F.
<i>capitolin</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Capitol in
Rome.</def> "<i>Capitolian</i> Jove."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Capitoline games</b></col> <i>(Antiq.)</i>, <cd>annual
games instituted at Rome by Camillus, in honor of Jupter
Capitolinus, on account of the preservation of the Capitol from
the Gauls; when reinstituted by Domitian, arter a period of
neglect, they were held every fifth year.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*pit"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Capitulum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pit"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>capitulare</i>, <i>capitularium</i>, fr. L. <i>capitulum</i> a
small head, a chapter, dim. of <i>capit</i> head, chapter.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An act passed in a chapter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of a chapter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The chapter itself, and all its members or
<i>capitulars</i>.<BR>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The head or prominent part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pit"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
chapter; capitulary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the pope to the member of the
<i>capitular</i> body.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing in, or
pertaining to, a capitulum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a
capitulum; as, the <i>capitular</i> process of a vertebra, the
process which articulates with the capitulum of a rib.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pit"u*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
the manner or form of an ecclesiastical chapter.</def>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pit"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Capitularies</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Capitular</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A capitular.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The body of laws or statutes of a
chapter, or of an ecclesiastical council.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A collection of laws or statutes,
civil and ecclesiastical, esp. of the Frankish kings, in chapters
or sections.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Several of Charlemagne's <i>capitularies</i>.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pit"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to the chapter of a cathedral; capitular.</def>
"<i>Capitulary</i> acts."  <i>Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pit"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Capitulated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Capitulating</u>.] [LL.
<i>capitulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>capitulare</i> to capitulate: cf.
F. <i>capituler</i>. See <u>Capitular</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To settle or draw up the heads or terms
of an agreement, as in chapters or articles; to agree.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>capitulates</i> with the king . . . to
take to wife his daughter Mary.<BR>
<i>Heylin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no reason why the reducing of any
agreement to certain heads or capitula should not be called to
<i>capitulate</i>.<BR>
<i>Trench.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To surrender on terms agreed upon
(usually, drawn up under several heads); as, an army or a
garrison <i>capitulates</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Irish, after holding out a week,
<i>capitulated</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pit"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
surrender or transfer, as an army or a fortress, on certain
conditions.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*pit`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>capitulation</i>, LL. <i>capitulatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A reducing to heads or articles; a formal
agreement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With special <i>capitulation</i> that neither the
Scots nor the French shall refortify.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of capitulating or
surrendering to an emeny upon stipulated terms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The instrument containing the terms of
an agreement or surrender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pit"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.]
<def>One who capitulates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"i*tule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capitulum</i> small head, chapter.] <def>A summary.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ca*pit"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<u>Capitula</u> (&?;). [L., a small head.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A thick head of flowers on a very short axis, as a clover
top, or a dandelion; a composite flower. A capitulum may be
either globular or flat.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A knoblike protuberance
of any part, esp. at the end of a bone or cartilage. [See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Artiodactyla</u>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pi"vi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Copaiba</u>.] <def>A balsam of the Spanish West Indies. See
<u>Copaiba</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Capel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Capelin</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cap"lin</hw> (?), <hw>Cap"ling</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The cap or coupling of a flail, through
which the thongs pass which connect the handle and swingel.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cap"no*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
smoke + <i>mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>capnomancie</i>.] <def>Divination
by means of the ascent or motion of smoke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"no*mor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; smoke +
&?;, equiv. to &?; part.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A limpid, colorless
oil with a peculiar odor, obtained from beech tar.</def>
<i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*poc"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>k&amacr;poq</i>.] <def>A sort of cotton so short and fine that
it can not be spun, used in the East Indies to line palanquins,
to make mattresses, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*poch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Capoches</b></plw> (#). [Cf. Sp. <i>capucho</i>, It.
<i>cappucio</i>, F. <i>Capuce</i>, <i>capuchon</i>, LL.
<i>caputium</i>, fr. <i>capa</i> cloak. See <i>Cap</i>.] <def>A
hood; especially, the hood attached to the gown of a
monk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*poch"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Capoched</u> (?).] <def>To cover with, or as
with, a hood; hence, to hoodwink or blind.</def>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca"pon</hw> (k&amacr;"p'n <i>or</i> k&amacr;"p&ubreve;n;
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>capon</i>, <i>chapoun</i>, AS.
<i>cap&umacr;n</i> (cf. F. <i>chapon</i>), L. <i>capo</i>, fr.
Gr. <grk>ka`pwn</grk> akin to <grk>ko`ptein</grk> to cut, OSlav.
<i>skopiti</i> to castrate. Cf. <u>Comma</u>.] <def>A castrated
cock, esp. when fattened; a male chicken gelded to improve his
flesh for the table.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The merry thought of a <i>capon</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca"pon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To castrate; to
make a capon of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"pon*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young
capon.</def> [R.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cap`o*niere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>caponni&egrave;re</i>, fr. Sp. <i>caponera</i>, orig., a cage
for fattening capons, hence, a place of refuge; cf. It.
<i>capponiera</i>. See <u>Capon</u>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A work
made across or in the ditch, to protect it from the enemy, or to
serve as a covered passageway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"pon*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
castrate, as a fowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A winning
of all the tricks at the game of piquet. It counts for forty
points.</def>  <i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pot"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Capotted</u>.] <def>To win all the tricks from,
in playing at piquet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>capote</i>
(cf. F. <i>capote</i>.), fr. LL. <i>capa</i> cape, cloak. See
<u>Cap</u>.] <def>A long cloak or overcoat, especially one with a
hood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pouch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Capoch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"pa*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A floss or
waste obtained from the cocoon after the silk has been reeled
off, used for shag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"pa`per</hw> (?), <def>See <u>cap</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, also <u>Paper</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"peak`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The front
piece of a cap; -- now more commonly called
<i>visor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cap*pel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>A
cappella</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One whose business is to make or sell caps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A by-bidder; a decoy for
gamblers.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for applying a
percussion cap to a gun or cartridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ping plane`</hw> (?). <i>(Join.)</i> <def>A plane used
for working the upper surface of staircase rails.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"pra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a she goat.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of ruminants, including the
common goat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of capric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"re*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capreolus</i> wild goat, tendril, fr. <i>caper</i> goat: cf.
F. <i>capr&eacute;ol&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a
tendril or tendrils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"re*o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capreolus</i> wild goat, fr. <i>caper</i> goat.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
roebuck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>caper</i>
goat.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to capric acid or its
derivatives.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Capric acid</b></col>,
C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>19</sub>.CO<sub>2</sub>H, <col><b>Caprylic
acid</b></col>, C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>15</sub>.CO<sub>2</sub>H,
<i>and</i> <col><b>Caproic acid</b></col>,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>11</sub>.CO<sub>2</sub>H, <cd>are fatty acids
occurring in small quantities in butter, cocoanut oil, etc.,
united with glycerin; they are colorless oils, or white
crystalline solids, of an unpleasant odor like that of goats or
sweat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*pric"cio</hw> (k&adot;*pr&emacr;t"ch&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See <u>Caprice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A piece in a free form, with frequent
digressions from the theme; a fantasia; -- often called
<i>caprice</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A caprice; a freak; a fancy.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*pric*cio"so</hw>
(k&adot;*pr&emacr;t*ch&omacr;"s&osl;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus)</i> <def>In a free, fantastic style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*price"</hw> (k&adot;*pr&emacr;s"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>caprice</i>, It. <i>capriccio</i>, caprice (perh. orig. a
fantastical goat leap), fr. L. <i>caper</i>, <i>capra</i>, goat.
Cf <u>Capriole</u>, <u>Cab</u>, <u>Caper</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An abrupt change in
feeling, opinion, or action, proceeding from some whim or fancy;
a freak; a notion.</def> "<i>Caprices</i> of appetite."  <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See
<u>Capriccio</u>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Freak; whim; crotchet; fancy; vagary; humor;
whimsey; fickleness.</p>

<p><hw>Ca*pri"cious</hw> (k&adot;*pr&ibreve;sh"&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>capricieux</i>, It.
<i>capriccioso</i>.] <def>Governed or characterized by caprice;
apt to change suddenly; freakish; whimsical; changeable.</def>
"<i>Capricious</i> poet." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Capricious</i> humor."
<i>Hugh Miller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>capricious</i> partiality to the Romish
practices.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Freakish; whimsical; fanciful; fickle;
crotchety; fitful; wayward; changeable; unsteady; uncertain;
inconstant; arbitrary.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ca*pri"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ca*pri"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ri*corn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capricornus</i>; <i>caper</i> goat + <i>cornu</i> horn: cf. F.
<i>capricorne</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The
tenth sign of zodiac, into which the sun enters at the winter
solstice, about December 21. See <u>Tropic</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun was entered into <i>Capricorn</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A southern
constellation, represented on ancient monuments by the figure of
a goat, or a figure with its fore part like a fish.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Capricorn beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any beetle of the family <i>Carambucid&aelig;</i>; one of the
long-horned beetles. The larv&aelig; usually bore into the wood
or bark of trees and shrubs and are often destructive. See
<u>Girdler</u>, <u>Pruner</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cap"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>caper</i>,
<i>capra</i>, goat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
the tribe of ruminants of which the goat, or genus <i>Capra</i>,
is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caprificatio</i>, fr. <i>caprificare</i> to ripen figs by
caprification, fr. <i>caprificus</i> the wild fig; <i>caper</i>
goat + <i>ficus</i> fig.] <def>The practice of hanging, upon the
cultivated fig tree, branches of the wild fig infested with
minute hymenopterous insects.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is supposed that the little insects insure
fertilization by carrying the pollen from the male flowers near
the opening of the fig down to the female flowers, and also
accelerate ripening the fruit by puncturing it.  The practice has
existed since ancient times, but its benefit has been
disputed.</p>

<p><hw>Cap"ri*fole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caper</i> goat + <i>folium</i> leaf.] <def>The woodbine or
honeysuckle.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ri*fo`li*a`ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the Honeysuckle family of
plants (<i>Caprifoliac&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caper</i> goat + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a
goat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*prig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caprigenus</i>; <i>caper</i> goat + <i>gegnere</i> to
produce.] <def>Of the goat kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caprinus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a goat; as,
<i>caprine</i> gambols.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ri*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>capriole</i>, <i>cabriole</i>, It. <i>capriola</i>, fr. L.
<i>caper</i> goat. Cf. <u>Caper</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<u>Cabriole</u>, <u>Caprice</u>, <u>Cheveril</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A leap that a horse makes
with all fours, upwards only, without advancing, but with a kick
or jerk of the hind legs when at the height of the
leap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A leap or caper, as in dancing.</def>
"With lofty turns and <i>caprioles</i>."  <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ri*ole</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform a
capriole.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ri*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capripers</i>; <i>caper</i> goat + <i>pes pedis</i>, foot.]
<def>Having feet like those of a goat.</def></p>

<p><! p. 215 !></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ro*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of caproic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pro"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See under <u>Capric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ry*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of caprylic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*pryl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See under <u>Capric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap*sa"i*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Capsicum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless crystalline
substance extracted from the <i>Capsicum annuum</i>, and giving
off vapors of intense acridity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"sheaf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The top
sheaf of a stack of grain: (fig.) the crowning or finishing part
of a thing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"si*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Capsicum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A red liquid or soft resin
extracted from various species of capsicum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"si*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Capsicum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A volatile alkaloid
extracted from <i>Capsicum annuum</i> or from capsicin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"si*cum</hw> (k&abreve;p"s&ibreve;*k&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>capsa</i> box, chest.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants of many species, producing
capsules or dry berries of various forms, which have an
exceedingly pungent, biting taste, and when ground form the red
or Cayenne pepper of commerce.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p>&fist; The most important species are <i>Capsicum baccatum</i>
or bird pepper, <i>C. fastigiatum</i> or chili pepper, <i>C.
frutescens</i> or spur pepper, and <i>C. annuum</i> or Guinea
pepper, which includes the bell pepper and other common garden
varieties. The fruit is much used, both in its green and ripe
state, in pickles and in cookery. See <u>Cayenne pepper</u>.<BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Cap*size"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Capsized</u> (#); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Capsizing</u>.] [Cf. Sp.
<i>cabecear</i> to nod, pitch, <i>capuzar</i>, <i>chapuzar</i>,
to sink (a vessel) by the head; both fr. L. <i>caput</i> head.]
<def>To upset or overturn, as a vessel or other body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But what if carrying sail <i>capsize</i> the
boat?<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cap"size`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An upset or
overturn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"*square</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gun.)</i>
<def>A metal covering plate which passes over the trunnions of a
cannon, and holds it in place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"stan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cabestan</i>, fr. Sp. <i>cabestrante</i>, <i>cabrestante</i>,
fr. <i>cabestrar</i> to bind with a halter, fr.
<i>cabestro</i>halter, fr. L. <i>capistrum</i> halter, fr.
<i>capere</i> to hold (see <u>Capacious</u>); or perh. the
Spanish is fr. L. <i>caper</i> goat + <i>stans</i>, p. pr. of
<i>stare</i> to stand; cf. F. <i>ch&egrave;vre</i> she-goat, also
a machine for raising heavy weights.] <def>A vertical cleated
drum or cylinder, revolving on an upright spindle, and surmounted
by a drumhead with sockets for bars or levers. It is much used,
especially on shipboard, for moving or raising heavy weights or
exerting great power by traction upon a rope or cable, passing
around the drum. It is operated either by steam power or by a
number of men walking around the capstan, each pushing on the end
of a lever fixed in its socket.</def> [Sometimes spelt
<i>Capstern</i>, but improperly.]</p>

<p><col><b>Capstan bar</b></col>, <cd>one of the long bars or
levers by which the capstan is worked; a handspike..</cd> --
<col><b>To pawl the capstan</b></col>, <cd>to drop the pawls so
that they will catch in the notches of the pawl ring, and prevent
the capstan from turning back.</cd> -- <col><b>To rig the
capstan</b></col>, <cd>to prepare the for use, by putting the
bars in the sockets.</cd> -- <col><b>To surge the
capstan</b></col>, <cd>to slack the tension of the rope or cable
wound around it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cap"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A fossil echinus of the genus <i>Cannulus</i>; -- so called
from its supposed resemblance to a cap.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cap"su*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Cap"su*la*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>capsulaire</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a capsule; having the nature of a capsule; hollow
and fibrous.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Capsular ligament</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a
ligamentous bag or capsule surrounding many movable joints in the
skeleton.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cap"su*late</hw> (?), <hw>Cap"su*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclosed in a capsule, or as in a chest
or box.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"sule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>capsula</i>
a little box or chest, fr. <i>capsa</i> chest, case, fr.
<i>capere</i> to take, contain: cf. F. <i>capsule</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>a dry fruit or pod which is
made up of several parts or carpels, and opens to discharge the
seeds, as, the <i>capsule</i> of the poppy, the flax, the lily,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
small saucer of clay for roasting or melting samples of ores,
etc.; a scorifier.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>a small,
shallow, evaporating dish, usually of porcelain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A small cylindrical or
spherical gelatinous envelope in which nauseous or acrid doses
are inclosed to be swallowed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A membranous sac
containing fluid, or investing an organ or joint; as, the
<i>capsule</i> of the lens of the eye. Also, a capsulelike
organ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A metallic seal or cover for closing a
bottle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A small cup or shell, as of metal, for
a percussion cap, cartridge, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Atrabiliary capsule</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Atrabiliary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Glisson's capsule</b></col>,
<cd>a membranous envelope, entering the liver along with the
portal vessels and insheathing the latter in their course through
the organ.</cd> -- <col><b>Suprarenal capsule</b></col>, <cd>an
organ of unknown function, above or in front of each
kidney.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cap"tain</hw> (k&abreve;p"t&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>capitain</i>, <i>captain</i>, OF.
<i>capitain</i>, F. <i>capitaine</i> (cf. Sp. <i>capitan</i>, It.
<i>capitano</i>), LL. <i>capitaneus</i>, <i>capitanus</i>, fr. L.
<i>caput</i> the head. See under <u>Chief</u>, and cf.
<u>Chieftain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A head, or chief
officer</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The military officer
who commands a company, troop, or battery, or who has the rank
entitling him to do so though he may be employed on other
service.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An officer in the United
States navy, next above a commander and below a commodore, and
ranking with a colonel in the army.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>By courtesy, an officer actually commanding a vessel,
although not having the rank of captain.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The <i>master</i> or commanding officer
of a merchant vessel.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>One in
charge of a portion of a ship's company; as, a <i>captain</i> of
a top, <i>captain</i> of a gun, etc.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
<def>The foreman of a body of workmen.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd>
<def>A person having authority over others acting in concert; as,
the <i>captain</i> of a boat's crew; the <i>captain</i> of a
football team.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A trainband <i>captain</i> eke was he.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The Rhodian <i>captain</i>, relying on . . . the
lightness of his vessel, passed, in open day, through all the
guards.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A military leader; a
warrior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foremost <i>captain</i> of his time.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Captain general</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
commander in chief of an army or armies, or of the militia.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The Spanish governor of Cuba and its
dependent islands.</cd> -- <col><b>Captain lieutenant</b></col>,
<cd>a lieutenant with the rank and duties of captain but with a
lieutenant's pay, -- as in the first company of an English
regiment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cap"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act as
captain of; to lead.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Men who <i>captained</i> or accompanied the exodus
from existing forms.<BR>
 <i>Lowell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cap"tain</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Chief;
superior.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>captain</i> jewes in the carcanet.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cap"tain*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<u>Captaincies</u> (&?;). <def>The rank, post, or commission of a
captain.</def>  <i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Captaincy general</b></col>, <cd>the office, power,
territory, or jurisdiction of a captain general; as, the
<i>captaincy general</i> of La Habana (Cuba and its
islands).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cap"tain*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>capitainerie</i>.] <def>Power, or command, over a certain
district; chieftainship.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cap"tain*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition, rank, post, or authority
of a captain or chief commander.</def> "To take the
<i>captainship</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Military skill; as, to show good
<i>captainship</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap*ta`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>captatio</i>, fr. <i>captare</i> to catch, intens. of
<i>caper</i> to take: cf. F. <i>captation</i>.] <def>A courting
of favor or applause, by flattery or address; a captivating
quality; an attraction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Without any of those dresses, or popular
<i>captations</i>, which some men use in their speeches.<BR>
<i>Eikon Basilike.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cap"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>captio</i>,
fr. <i>caper</i> to take. In senses 3 and 4, perhaps confounded
in meaning with L. <i>caput</i> a head. See <u>Capacious</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A caviling; a sophism.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This doctrine is for <i>caption</i> and
contradiction.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of taking or arresting a
person by judicial process.</def> [R.]  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>That part of a legal
instrument, as a commission, indictment, etc., which shows where,
when, and by what authority, it was taken, found, or
executed.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i> <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The heading of a chapter, section, or
page.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cap"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>captieux</i>, L. <i>captiosus</i>. See <u>Caption</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Apt to catch at faults; disposed to find
fault or to cavil; eager to object; difficult to
please.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>captious</i> and suspicious age.<BR>
<i>Stillingfleet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I am sensible I have not disposed my materials to
abide the test of a <i>captious</i> controversy.<BR>
<i>Bwike.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to harass, perplex, or insnare;
insidious; troublesome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Captious</i> restraints on navigation.<BR>
<i>Bancroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Caviling, carping, fault-finding; censorious;
hypercritical; peevish, fretful; perverse; troublesome.  --
<u>Captious</u>, <u>caviling</u>, <u>Carping</u>. A
<i>captious</i> person is one who has a fault-finding habit or
manner, or is disposed to catch at faults, errors, etc., with
quarrelsome intent; a <i>caviling</i> person is disposed to raise
objections on frivolous grounds; <i>carping</i> implies that one
is given to ill-natured, persistent, or unreasonable fault-
finding, or picking up of the words or actions of others.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Caviling</i> is the <i>carping</i> of argument,
<i>carping</i> the <i>caviling</i> of ill temper.<BR>
<i>C. J. Smith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cap"tious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
captious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"tious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Captious
disposition or manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ti*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Captivated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Captivating</u>.] [L. <i>captivatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>captivare</i> to capture, fr. <i>captivus</i> captive.
See <u>Captive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take prisoner; to
capture; to subdue.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their woes whom fortune <i>captivates</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To acquire ascendancy over by reason
of some art or attraction; to fascinate; to charm; as, Cleopatra
<i>captivated</i> Antony; the orator <i>captivated</i> all
hearts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Small landscapes of <i>captivating</i>
loveliness.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To enslave; subdue; overpower; charm; enchant;
bewitch; facinate; capture; lead captive.</p>

<p><hw>Cap"ti*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>captivatus</i>.] <def>Taken prisoner; made captive; insnared;
charmed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Women have been <i>captivate</i> ere now.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ti*va`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
power to captivate or charm; fascinating; as, <i>captivating</i>
smiles.</def> -- <wf>Cap"ti*va`ting*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ti*va`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capticatio</i>.] <def>The act of captivating.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>captivation</i> of our understanding.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cap"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>captivus</i>, fr. <i>capere</i> to take: cf. F. <i>captif</i>.
See <u>Caitiff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prisoner taken by
force or stratagem, esp., by an enemy, in war; one kept in
bondage or in the power of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then, when I am thy <i>captive</i>, talk of
chains.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One charmed or subdued by beaty,
excellence, or affection; one who is captivated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"tive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made prisoner, especially in war; held in bondage or in
confinement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A poor, miserable, <i>captive</i> thrall.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subdued by love; charmed;
captivated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even in so short a space, my wonan's heart<BR>
Grossly grew <i>captive</i> to his honey words.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to bondage or
confinement; serving to confine; as, <i>captive</i> chains;
<i>captive</i> hours.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Captived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Captiving</u>.] <def>To take prisoner; to
capture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their inhabitans slaughtered and
<i>captived</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cap*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>captivitas</i>: cf. F. <i>captivit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being a captive or a
prisoner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More celebrated in his <i>captivity</i> that in
his greatest triumphs.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of being under control;
subjection of the will or affections; bondage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sink in the soft <i>captivity</i> together.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Imprisonment; confinement; bondage; subjection;
servitude; slavery; thralldom; serfdom.</p>

<p><hw>Cap"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a cather (of
animals), fr. <i>caper</i> to take.] <def>One who captures any
person or thing, as a prisoner or a prize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>capture</i>, fr. <i>caper</i> to take: cf. F. <i>capture</i>.
See <u>Caitiff</u>, and cf. <u>aptive</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of seizing by force, or
getting possession of by superior power or by stratagem; as, the
<i>capture</i> of an enemy, a vessel, or a criminal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even with regard to <i>captures</i> made at
sea.<BR>
<i>Bluckstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The securing of an object of strife or
desire, as by the power of some attraction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The thing taken by force, surprise, or
stratagem; a prize; prey.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Seizure; apprehension; arrest; detention.</p>

<p><hw>Cap"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Captured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Capturing</u>.] <def>To seize or take possession
of by force, surprise, or stratagem; to overcome and hold; to
secure by effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her heart is like some fortress that has been
<i>captured</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Ivring.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*puc"cio</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>cappucio</i>. See <u>Capoch</u>.] <def>A capoch or hood.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*puched"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Capoch</u>.] <def>Cover with, or as with, a hood.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cap`u*chin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>capucin</i> a monk who wears a cowl, fr. It. <i>cappuccio</i>
hood. See <u>Capoch</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A Franciscan monk of
the austere branch established in 1526 by Matteo di Baschi,
distinguished by wearing the long pointed cowl or capoch of St.
Francis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bare-footed and long-bearded
<i>capuchin</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A garment for women, consisting of a
cloak and hood, resembling, or supposed to resemble, that of
<i>capuchin</i> monks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A long-tailed South American monkey (<i>Cabus
capucinus</i>), having the forehead naked and wrinkled, with the
hair on the crown reflexed and resembling a monk's cowl, the rest
being of a grayish white; -- called also <i>capucine monkey</i>,
<i>weeper</i>, <i>sajou</i>, <i>sapajou</i>, and
<i>sai</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Other species of
<i>Cabus</i>, as <i>C. fatuellus</i> (the <i>brown</i> or
<i>horned capucine</i>.), <i>C. albifrons</i> (the
<i>cararara</i>), and <i>C. apella</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A variety of the domestic pigeon having a hoodlike tuft of
feathers on the head and sides of the neck.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Capuchin nun</b></col>, <cd>one of an austere order of
Franciscan nuns which came under Capuchin rule in 1538. The order
had recently been founded by Maria Longa.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cap"u*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Capuchin</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"u*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Capellet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap"u*lin</hw> (-l&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>capuli</i>.] <def>The Mexican cherry (<i>Prunus
Capollin</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"put</hw> (k&amacr;"p&ubreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Capita</b></plw>
(k&abreve;p"&ibreve;*t&adot;). [L., the head.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The head; also, a knoblike protuberance or
capitulum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The top or superior part of a
thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng.)</i> <def>The council or ruling
body of the University of Cambridge prior to the constitution of
1856.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>caputs</i> and heads of colleges.<BR>
<i>Lamb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Caput mortuum</b></col> (&?;). [L., dead head.]
<i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>The residuum after distillation or
sublimation; hence, worthless residue.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca`py*ba"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>capibara</i>, fr. the native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large South American rodent (<i>Hydroch&aelig;rus capybara</i>)
Living on the margins of lakes and rivers. It is the largest
extant rodent, being about three feet long, and half that in
height. It somewhat resembles the Guinea pig, to which it is
related; -- called also <i>cabiai</i> and <i>water
hog</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 216 !></p>

<p><hw>Car</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>car</i>,
<i>char</i>, F. <i>cahr</i>, fr. L. <i>carrus</i>, Wagon: a
Celtic word; cf. W. <i>car</i>, Armor. <i>karr</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael.
<i>carr</i>. cf. <u>Chariot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
vehicle moved on wheels; usually, one having but two wheels and
drawn by one horse; a cart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vehicle adapted to the rails of a
railroad.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p>&fist; In England a railroad <i>passenger car</i> is called a
railway <i>carriage</i>; a <i>freight car</i> a <i>goods
wagon</i>; a <i>platform car</i> a <i>goods truck</i>; a
<i>baggage car</i> a <i>van</i>. But styles of car introduced
into England from America are called <i>cars</i>; as, tram
<i>car</i>. Pullman <i>car</i>. See <u>Train</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A chariot of war or of triumph; a
vehicle of splendor, dignity, or solemnity.</def> [Poetic].</p>

<p><blockquote>The gilded <i>car</i> of day.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The towering <i>car</i>, the sable steeds.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The stars also called
Charles's Wain, the Great Bear, or the Dipper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Pleiads, Hyads, and the Northern
<i>Car</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The cage of a lift or
elevator.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The basket, box, or cage suspended
from a balloon to contain passengers, ballast, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A floating perforated box for living
fish.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Car coupling</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Car
coupler</b></col>, <cd>a shackle or other device for connecting
the cars in a railway train.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>Dummy
car</b></col> <i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>a car containing its own
steam power or locomotive.</cd> -- <col><b>Freight car</b></col>
<i>(Railrood)</i>, <cd>a car for the transportation of
merchandise or other goods.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>Hand
car</b></col> <i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>a small car propelled by
hand, used by railroad laborers, etc.</cd> [U. S.] --
<col><b>Horse car</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Street
car</b></col>, <cd>an omnibus car, draw by horses or other power
upon rails laid in the streets.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>Palace
car</b></col>, <col><b>Drawing-room car</b></col>,
<col><b>Sleeping car</b></col>, <col><b>Parlor car</b></col>,
etc. <i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>cars especially designed and
furnished for the comfort of travelers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"a*bid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the
genus <i>Carabus</i> or family <i>Carabid&aelig;</i>.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the <i>Carabid&aelig;</i>, a
family of active insectivorous beetles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"a*bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>A carbine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`a*bi*neer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
carbineer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"a*boid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Carabus</i>
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or pertaining to
the genus <i>Carabus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Car"a*bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a horned beetle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of ground
beetles, including numerous species. They devour many injurious
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Carack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>caracal</i>, fr. Turk <i>garahgootag</i>; <i>garah</i> black +
<i>goofag</i> ear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lynx (<i>Felis, or
Lynx, caracal.)</i> It is a native of Africa and Asia. Its ears
are black externally, and tipped with long black hairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca`ra*ca"ra</hw> (k&auml;`r&adot;k&auml;"r&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A south American
bird of several species and genera, resembling both the eagles
and the vultures. The caracaras act as scavengers, and are also
called <i>carrion buzzards</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The black caracara is <i>Ibycter ater</i>; the chimango
is <i>Milvago chimango</i>; the Brazilian is <i>Polyborus
Braziliensis</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Car"ack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>caraque</i>
(cf. Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>carraca</i>, It. <i>caracca</i>.), LL.
<i>carraca</i>, fr. L. <i>carrus</i> wagon; or perh. fr. Ar.
<i>qorq&umacr;r</i> (pl. <i>qar&amacr;qir</i>) a carack.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A kind of large ship formerly used by the
Spaniards and Portuguese in the East India trade; a
galleon.</def> [Spelt also <i>carrack</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The bigger whale like some huge <i>carrack</i>
lay.<BR>
<i>Waller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"a*cole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>caracole</i>, <i>caracol</i>, fr. Sp. <i>caracol</i> snail,
winding staircase, a wheeling about.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A half turn which a
horseman makes, either to the right or the left.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A staircase in a spiral
form.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||En caracole</b></col> (&?;) [F.], <cd>spiral; --
said of a staircase.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"a*cole</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Caracoled</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>caracoler</i>.] <i>(Man.)</i> <def>To move in a caracole, or
in caracoles; to wheel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prince John <i>caracoled</i> within the lists.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"a*col`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An alloy
of gold, silver, and copper, of which an inferior quality of
jewelry is made.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car"a*core</hw> (?), <hw>Car"a*co`ra</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay <i>kurakura</i>.] <def>A light vessel
or proa used by the people of Borneo, etc., and by the Dutch in
the East Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*rafe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
glass water bottle for the table or toilet; -- called also
<i>croft</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car"a*geen`</hw> or <hw>Car"a*gheen`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Carrageen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca`ram*bo"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An East Indian tree (<i>Averrhoa Carambola</i>), and its
acid, juicy fruit; called also <i>Coromandel
gooseberry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"a*mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>caramel</i> (cf. Sp. <i>caramelo</i>), LL. <i>canna
mellis</i>, <i>cannamella</i>, <i>canamella</i>, <i>calamellus
mellitus</i>, sugar cane, from or confused with L. <i>canna</i>
reed + <i>mel</i>, <i>mellis</i>, honey. See <u>Cane</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Burnt sugar; a brown or
black porous substance obtained by heating sugar. It is soluble
in water, and is used for coloring spirits, gravies,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of confectionery, usually a
small cube or square of tenacious paste, or candy, of varying
composition and flavor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*ran"goid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Caranx</i>
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the
<i>Carangid&aelig;</i>, a family of fishes allied to the
mackerels, and including the caranx, American bluefish, and the
pilot fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"ranx</hw> (k&amacr;"r&abreve;&nsm;ks),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fishes,
common on the Atlantic coast, including the yellow or golden
mackerel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"a*pace</hw> (k&abreve;r"&adot;*p&amacr;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The thick
shell or shield which covers the back of the tortoise, or turtle,
the crab, and other crustaceous animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`ra*pa"to</hw> (k&auml;`r&adot;*p&auml;"t&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>carrapato</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A south American tick of the genus <i>Amblyomma</i>. There
are several species, very troublesome to man and beast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"a*pax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Carapace</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"at</hw> (k&abreve;r"&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>carat</i> (cf. It. <i>carato</i>, OPg. <i>quirate</i>, Pg.
& Sp. <i>quilate</i>), Ar. <i>q&imacr;r&amacr;t</i> bean or pea
shell, a weight of four grains, a carat, fr. Gr.
<grk>kera`tion</grk> a little horn, the fruit of the carob tree,
a weight, a carat. See <u>Horn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
weight by which precious stones and pearls are weighed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>carat</i> equals three and one fifth grains
Troy, and is divided into four grains, sometimes called <i>carat
grains</i>. Diamonds and other precious stones are estimated by
carats and fractions of carats, and pearls, usually, by carat
grains.  <i>Tiffany.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A twenty-fourth part; -- a term used
in estimating the proportionate fineness of gold.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A mass of metal is said to be so many <i>carats</i>
fine, according to the number of twenty-fourths of pure gold
which it contains; as, 22 <i>carats</i> fine (goldsmith's
standard) = 22 parts of gold, 1 of copper, and 1 of silver.</p>

<p><hw>Car"a*van</hw> (k&abreve;r"&adot;*v&abreve;n <i>or</i>
k&abreve;r*&adot;*v&abreve;n"; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>caravane</i> (cf. Sp. <i>caravana</i>), fr. Per.
<i>karw&amacr;n</i> a caravan (in sense 1). Cf. <u>Van</u> a
wagon.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A company of travelers, pilgrims,
or merchants, organized and equipped for a long journey, or
marching or traveling together, esp. through deserts and
countries infested by robbers or hostile tribes, as in Asia or
Africa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large, covered wagon, or a train of
such wagons, for conveying wild beasts, etc., for exhibition; an
itinerant show, as of wild beasts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A covered vehicle for carrying
passengers or for moving furniture, etc.; -- sometimes shorted
into <i>van</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`a*van*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>caravanier</i>.] <def>The leader or driver of the camels in
caravan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`a*van"sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Caravansaries</b></plw> (#). [F.
<i>caravans&eacute;rai</i>, fr. Per.
<i>karw&amacr;nsar&amacr;&iuml;</i>; <i>karw&amacr;n</i> caravan
+ <i>-sar&amacr;&iuml;</i> palace, large house, inn.] <def>A kind
of inn, in the East, where caravans rest at night, being a large,
rude, unfurnished building, surrounding a court.</def> [Written
also <i>caravanserai</i> and <i>caravansera</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Car"a*vel</hw> (k&abreve;r"&adot;*v&ebreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>caravelle</i> (cf. It.
<i>caravella</i>, Sp. <i>carabela</i>), fr. Sp. <i>caraba</i> a
kind of vessel, fr. L. <i>carabus</i> a kind of light boat, fr.
Gr. <grk>ka`rabos</grk> a kind of light ship, NGr.
<grk>kara`bi</grk> ship, vessel.] [written also <i>carvel</i> and
<i>caravelle</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A name given to several
kinds of vessels.</def> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The caravel of
the 16th century was a small vessel with broad bows, high, narrow
poop, four masts, and lateen sails. Columbus commanded three
<i>caravels</i> on his great voyage.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A Portuguese vessel of 100 or 150 tons burden.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A small fishing boat used on the French
coast.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A Turkish man-of-
war.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"a*way</hw> (k&abreve;r"&adot;*w&asl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>carvi</i> (cf. Sp. <i>carvi</i> and
<i>al-caravea</i>, <i>al-carahueya</i>, Pg. <i>al-caravia</i>)
fr. Ar. <i>karaw&imacr;&amacr;</i>, <i>karw&imacr;&amacr;</i> fr.
Gr. <grk>ka`ron</grk>; cf. L. <i>careum</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A biennial plant of the Parsley family
(<i>Carum Carui</i>). The seeds have an aromatic smell, and a
warm, pungent taste. They are used in cookery and confectionery,
and also in medicine as a carminative.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cake or sweetmeat containing caraway
seeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Caraways</i>, or biscuits, or some other
[comfits].<BR>
<i>Cogan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car*bam"ic</hw> (k&auml;r*b&abreve;m"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Carb</i>on + <i>am</i>ido.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to an acid so called.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carbamic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an amido
acid, NH<sub>2</sub>.CO<sub>2</sub>H, not existing in the free
state, but occurring as a salt of ammonium in commercial ammonium
carbonate; -- called also <i>amido formic acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car*bam"ide</hw> (k&auml;r*b&abreve;m"&ibreve;d <i>or</i>
-&imacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Carb</i>onyl +
<i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The technical name for
urea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*bam"ine</hw> (k&auml;r*b&abreve;m"&ibreve;n <i>or</i>
-&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
isocyanide of a hydrocarbon radical. The carbamines are liquids,
usually colorless, and of unendurable odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ba*nil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Carb</i>onyl
+ <i>anil</i>ine.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A mobile liquid,
CO.N.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>, of pungent odor. It is the
phenyl salt of isocyanic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ba*zol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Carb</i>on +
<i>azo</i> + <i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white
crystallized substance, C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>8</sub>NH, derived
from aniline and other amines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*baz"o*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of carbazotic or picric acid; a
picrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`ba*zot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Carb</i>on + azole.] <def>Containing, or derived from, carbon
and nitrogen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carbazotic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>picric
acid. See under <u>Picric</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"bide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Carb</i>on +
<i>-ide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A binary compound of carbon
with some other element or radical, in which the carbon plays the
part of a negative; -- formerly termed <i>carburet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bi*mide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Carbon</i>
+ <i>imide</i>] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The technical name for
isocyanic acid. See under <u>Isocyanic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>carbine</i>, OF. <i>calabrin</i> carabineer (cf. Ot.
<i>calabrina</i> a policeman), fr. OF &amp; Pr. <i>calabre</i>, OF.
<i>cable</i>, <i>chable</i>, an engine of war used in besieging,
fr. LL. <i>chadabula</i>, <i>cabulus</i>, a kind of projectile
machine, fr. Gr. &?; a throwing down, fr. &?; to throw; &?; down
+ &?; to throw. Cf. <u>Parable</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A short,
light musket or rifle, esp. one used by mounted soldiers or
cavalry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`bi*neer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>carabinier</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A soldier armed with a
carbine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bi*nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Carbin</i>
(Kolbe's name for the radical) + <i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Methyl alcohol, CH<sub>3</sub>OH; -- also, by extension, any
one in the homologous series of paraffine alcohols of which
methyl alcohol is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`bo*hy"drate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Carbon</i> + <i>hydrate</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>One of a group of compounds including the sugars, starches,
and gums, which contain six (or some multiple of six) carbon
atoms, united with a variable number of hydrogen and oxygen
atoms, but with the two latter always in proportion as to form
water; as dextrose,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`bo*hy"dride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Carbon</i> + <i>hydrogen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
hydrocarbon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*bol"ic</hw> (k&auml;r*b&obreve;l"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>carbo</i> coal + <i>oleum</i> oil.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid
derived from coal tar and other sources; as, <i>carbolic</i> acid
(called also <i>phenic acid</i>, and <i>phenol</i>). See
<u>Phenol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bo*lize</hw> (k&auml;r"b&osl;*l&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To apply carbolic acid to; to
wash or treat with carbolic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bon</hw> (k&auml;r"b&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>carbone</i>, fr. L. <i>carbo</i> coal; cf. Skr.
<i>&ccedil;r&amacr;</i> to cook.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which is
present in all organic compounds. Atomic weight 11.97. Symbol C.
it is combustible, and forms the base of lampblack and charcoal,
and enters largely into mineral coals. In its pure crystallized
state it constitutes the diamond, the hardest of known
substances, occuring in monometric crystals like the octahedron,
etc. Another modification is graphite, or blacklead, and in this
it is soft, and occurs in hexagonal prisms or tables. When united
with oxygen it forms carbon dioxide, commonly called carbonic
acid, or carbonic oxide, according to the proportions of the
oxygen; when united with hydrogen, it forms various compounds
called hydrocarbons. Compare <u>Diamond</u>, and
<u>Graphite</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carbon compounds</b></col>, <col><b>Compounds of
carbon</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>those compounds consisting
largely of carbon, commonly produced by animals and plants, and
hence called <i>organic compounds</i>, though their synthesis may
be effected in many cases in the laboratory.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The formation of the <i>compounds of carbon</i> is
not dependent upon the life process.<BR>
<i>I. Remsen</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Carbon dioxide</b></col>, <col><b>Carbon
monoxide</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Carbonic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Carbon light</b></col>
<i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>an extremely brilliant electric light
produced by passing a galvanic current through two carbon points
kept constantly with their apexes neary in contact.</cd> --
<col><b>Carbon point</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a small
cylinder or bit of gas carbon moved forward by clockwork so that,
as it is burned away by the electric current, it shall constantly
maintain its proper relation to the opposing point.</cd> --
<col><b>Carbon tissue</b></col>, <cd>paper coated with gelatine
and pigment, used in the autotype process of photography.</cd>
<i>Abney.</i> -- <col><b>Gas carbon</b></col>, <cd>a compact
variety of carbon obtained as an incrustation on the interior of
gas retorts, and used for the manufacture of the carbon rods of
pencils for the voltaic, arc, and for the plates of voltaic
batteries, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"bo*na`ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, containing, or composed of, carbon.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car"bo*nade</hw> (?), <hw>Car`bo*na"do</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>carbonnade</i>, It.
<i>carbonata</i>, Sp. <i>carbonada</i>, from L. <i>carbo</i>
coal.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Flesh, fowl, etc., cut across,
seasoned, and broiled on coals; a chop.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Car`bo*na"do</hw> (?), <hw>Car"bo*nade</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Carbonadoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Carbonadoing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut (meat)
across for frying or broiling; to cut or slice and broil.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A short-legged hen daintily
<i>carbonadoed</i>.<BR>
<i>Bean. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut or hack, as in fighting.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll so <i>carbonado</i> your shanks.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car`bo*na"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Carbonadoes</b></plw> (#). [Pg., carbonated.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A black variety of diamond, found in Brazil,
and used for diamond drills. It occurs in irregular or rounded
fragments, rarely distinctly crystallized, with a texture varying
from compact to porous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`bo*na"rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles, practices, or organization of the
Carbonari.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Car`bo*na"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Carbonari</b></plw> (#). [It., a coal man.] <def>A member
of a secret political association in Italy, organized in the
early part of the nineteenth centry for the purpose of changing
the government into a republic.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The origin of the <i>Carbonari</i> is uncertain, but
the society is said to have first met, in 1808, among the
charcoal burners of the mountains, whose phraseology they
adopted.</p>

<p><hw>Car`bon*a*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Carbonate</u>.] <i>(Sugar Making)</i> <def>The saturation of
defecated beet juice with carbonic acid gas.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"bon*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>carbonate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt or carbonic acid,
as in limestone, some forms of lead ore, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bon*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Combined
or impregnated with carbonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bone</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Carbonado</u>.] <def>To broil. [Obs.] "We had a calf's head
<i>carboned</i>".</def>  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car*bon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>carbonique</i>. See <u>Carbon</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or obtained from, carbon; as, <i>carbonic</i>
oxide.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carbonic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an acid
H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>, not existing separately, which,
combined with positive or basic atoms or radicals, forms
carbonates. In common language the term is very generally applied
to a compound of carbon and oxygen, CO<sub>2</sub>, more
correctly called <i>carbon dioxide</i>. It is a colorless, heavy,
irrespirable gas, extinguishing flame, and when breathed destroys
life. It can be reduced to a liquid and solid form by intense
pressure. It is produced in the fermentation of liquors, and by
the combustion and decomposition of organic substances, or other
substances containing carbon. It is formed in the explosion of
fire damp in mines, and is hence called <i>after damp</i>; it is
also know as <i>choke damp</i>, and <i>mephitic air</i>. Water
will absorb its own volume of it, and more than this under
pressure, and in this state becomes the common soda water of the
shops, and the carbonated water of natural springs. Combined with
lime it constitutes limestone, or common marble and chalk. Plants
imbibe it for their nutrition and growth, the carbon being
retained and the oxygen given out.</cd> -- <col><b>Carbonic
oxide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a colorless gas, CO, of a
light odor, called more correctly <i>carbon monoxide</i>. It is
almost the only definitely known compound in which carbon seems
to be divalent. It is a product of the incomplete combustion of
carbon, and is an abundant constituent of water gas. It is fatal
to animal life, extinguishes combustion, and burns with a pale
blue flame, forming carbon dioxide.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 217 !></p>

<p><hw>Car"bon*ide</hw> (k&auml;r"b&obreve;n*&ibreve;d <i>or</i>
-&imacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A carbide.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Car`bon*if"er*ous</hw>
(k&auml;r`b&obreve;n*&ibreve;f"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Carbon</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<def>Producing or containing carbon or coal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carboniferous age</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the
age immediately following the <i>Devonian</i>, or <i>Age of
fishes</i>, and characterized by the vegetation which formed the
coal beds. This age embraces three periods, the
<i>Subcarboniferous</i>, the <i>Carboniferous</i>, and
<i>Permian</i>. See <i>Age of acrogens</i>, under
<u>Acrogen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Carboniferous formation</b></col>
<i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the series of rocks (including sandstones,
shales, limestones, and conglomerates, with beds of coal) which
make up the strata of the <i>Carboniferous age or period</i>. See
the Diagram under <u>Geology</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car`bon*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>carbonisation</i>.] <def>The act or process of
carbonizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bon*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Carbonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Carbonizing</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>carboniser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convert (an animal
or vegetable substance) into a residue of carbon by the action of
fire or some corrosive agent; to char.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impregnate or combine with carbon,
as in making steel by cementation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`bon*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Carbon</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for detecting
and measuring the amount of carbon which is present, or more esp.
the amount of carbon dioxide, by its action on limewater or by
other means.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bon*yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Carbon</i> +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The radical
(CO)\'b<sub>7</sub>\'b<sub>7</sub>, occuring, always combined, in
many compounds, as the aldehydes, the ketones, urea, carbonyl
chloride, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Though denoted by a formula identical with that of
carbon monoxide, it is chemically distinct, as carbon seems to be
divalent in carbon monoxide, but tetravalent in carbonyl
compounds.</p>

<p><col><b>Carbonyl chloride</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
colorless gas, COCl<sub>2</sub>, of offensive odor, and easily
condensable to liquid.  It is formed from chlorine and carbon
monoxide, under the influence of light, and hence has been called
<i>phosgene gas</i>; -- called also <i>carbon
oxychloride</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car`bo*sty"ril</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Carbon</i> + <i>styr</i>ene.] <def>A white crystalline
substance, C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>6</sub>N.OH, of acid properties
derived from one of the amido cinnamic acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*box"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Carbon</i>
+ <i>oxide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound of carbon and
oxygen, as carbonyl, with some element or radical; as, potassium
<i>carboxide</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Potassium carboxide</b></col>, <cd>a grayish explosive
crystalline compound, C<sub>6</sub>O<sub>6</sub>K, obtained by
passing carbon monoxide over heated potassium.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car*box"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Carbon</i> +
<i>oxygen</i> + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The complex
radical, CO.OH, regarded as the essential and characteristic
constituent which all oxygen acids of carbon (as formic, acetic,
benzoic acids, etc.) have in common; -- called also
<i>oxatyl</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"boy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. &amp; Gael
<i>carb</i> basket; or Pers <i>qur&amacr;bah</i> a sort of
bottle.] <def>A large, globular glass bottle, esp. one of green
glass, inclosed in basket work or in a box, for protection; --
used commonly for carrying corrosive liquids; as sulphuric acid,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bun*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>carbunculus</i> a little coal, a bright kind of precious
stone, a kind of tumor, dim. of <i>carbo</i> coal: cf. F.
<i>carboncle</i>. See <u>Carbon</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A beautiful gem of a
deep red color (with a mixture of scarlet) called by the Greeks
<i>anthrax</i>; found in the East Indies. When held up to the
sun, it loses its deep tinge, and becomes of the color of burning
coal. The name belongs for the most part to ruby sapphire, though
it has been also given to red spinel and garnet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A very painful acute
local inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue, esp. of the trunk
or back of the neck, characterized by brawny hardness of the
affected parts, sloughing of the skin and deeper tissues, and
marked constitutional depression. It differs from a boil in size,
tendency to spread, and the absence of a central core, and is
frequently fatal. It is also called <i>anthrax</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A charge or bearing
supposed to represent the precious stone. It has eight scepters
or staves radiating from a common center. Called also
<i>escarbuncle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bun*cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Set with carbuncles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has deserves it [armor], were it
<i>carbuncled</i><BR>
Like holy Phabus' car.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with a carbuncle or
carbuncles; marked with red sores; pimpled and blotched.</def> "A
<i>carbuncled</i> face."  <i>Brome.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car*bun"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Belonging to a carbuncle; resembling a carbuncle; red;
inflamed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*bun`cu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>carbunculatio</i>.] <def>The blasting of the young buds of
trees or plants, by excessive heat or cold.</def>
<i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"bu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Carbon</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A carbide. See
<u>Carbide</u></def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Car"bu*ret</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Carbureted</u> or <u>Carburetted</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Carbureting</u> or
<u>Carburetting</u>.] <def>To combine or to impregnate with
carbon, as by passing through or over a liquid hydrocarbon; to
carbonize or carburize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>carbureting</i> the gas you may use poorer
coal.<BR>
<i>Knight.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"bu*ret`ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any
volatile liquid used in charging illuminating gases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bu*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Combined with carbon in
the manner of a carburet or carbide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Saturated or impregnated with some
volatile carbon compound; as, water gas is <i>carbureted</i> to
increase its illuminating power.</def></p>

<p>[Written also <i>carburetted</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Carbureted hydrogen gas</b></col>, <cd>any one of
several gaseous compounds of carbon and hydrogen, some of with
make up illuminating gas.</cd> -- <col><b>Light carbureted
hydrogen</b></col>, <cd>marsh gas, CH<sub>4</sub>; fire
damp.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"bu*ret`or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An apparatus in which coal gas, hydrogen, or
air is passed through or over a volatile hydrocarbon, in order to
confer or increase illuminating power.</def> [Written also
<i>carburettor</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Car"bu*ri*za`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act, process, or result of
carburizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bu*rize</hw> (k&auml;r"b&usl;*r&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Carburized</u>
(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Carburizing</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To combine with carbon or a carbon compound;
-- said esp. of a process for conferring a higher degree of
illuminating power on combustible gases by mingling them with a
vapor of volatile hydrocarbons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ca*jou</hw> (k&auml;r"k&adot;*j&oomac;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably a Canadian French corruption of an
Indian name of the wolverene.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
wolverene; -- also applied, but erroneously, to the Canada lynx,
and sometimes to the American badger. See
<u>Wolverene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ca*net</hw> (k&auml;r"k&adot;*n&ebreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. fr. F. <i>carcan</i> the iron collar
or chain of a criminal, a chain of precious stones, LL.
<i>carcannum</i>, fr. Armor.  <i>kerchen</i> bosom, neck,
<i>kelchen</i> collar, fr. <i>kelch</i> circle; or Icel.
<i>kverk</i> troat, OHG. <i>querca</i> throat.] <def>A jeweled
chain, necklace, or collar.</def> [Also written <i>carkanet</i>
and <i>carcant</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"case</hw> (k&auml;r"k<i>a</i>s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Carcass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"cass</hw> (k&auml;r"k<i>a</i>s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Carcasses</b></plw> (#). [Written also
<i>carcase</i>.] [F. <i>carcasse</i>, fr. It. <i>carcassa</i>,
fr. L. <i>caro</i> flesh + <i>capsa</i> chest, box, case. Cf.
<u>Carnal</u>, <u>Case</u> a sheath.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
dead body, whether of man or beast; a corpse; now commonly the
dead body of a beast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He turned to see the <i>carcass</i> of the
lion.<BR>
<i>Judges xiv. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This kept thousands in the town whose
<i>carcasses</i> went into the great pits by cartloads.<BR>
<i>De Foe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The living body; -- now commonly used
in contempt or ridicule.</def> "To pamper his own
<i>carcass</i>."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lovely her face; was ne'er so fair a creature.<BR>
For earthly <i>carcass</i> had a heavenly feature.<BR>
<i>Oldham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The abandoned and decaying remains of
some bulky and once comely thing, as a ship; the skeleton, or the
uncovered or unfinished frame, of a thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A rotten <i>carcass</i> of a boat.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A hollow case or shell,
filled with combustibles, to be thrown from a mortar or howitzer,
to set fire to buldings, ships, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A discharge of <i>carcasses</i> and
bombshells.<BR>
<i>W. Iving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Car`ca*vel"hos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sweet wine. See <u>Calcavella</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ce*lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>carcelladium</i>, <i>carceragium</i>, fr. L. <i>carcer</i>
prison.] <def>Prison fees.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Car"cel lamp`</hw> (?). [Named after <u>Carcel</u>, the
inventor.] <def>A French mechanical lamp, for lighthouses, in
which a superabundance of oil is pumped to the wick tube by
clockwork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"cer*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>carceralis</i>, fr. <i>carcer</i> prison.] <def>Belonging to a
prison.</def> [R.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car`ci*no*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to carcinology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`ci*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
crab + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The department of
zo&ouml;logy which treats of the <i>Crustacea</i> (lobsters,
crabs, etc.); -- called also <i>malacostracology</i> and
<i>crustaceology</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Car`ci*no"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; crab, cancer. See <u>-oma</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
cancer. By some medical writers, the term is applied to an
indolent tumor. See <u>Cancer</u>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car`ci*nom"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to carcinoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Car`ci*no"sys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; cancer.] <def>The affection of the system with
cancer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Card</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>carte</i>, fr.
L. <i>charta</i> paper, Gr. &?; a leaf of paper. Cf.
<u>Chart</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of pasteboard, or
thick paper, blank or prepared for various uses; as, a playing
<i>card</i>; a visiting <i>card</i>; a <i>card</i> of invitation;
<i>pl.</i> a game played with cards.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our first <i>cards</i> were to Carabas House.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A published note, containing a brief
statement, explanation, request, expression of thanks, or the
like; as, to put a <i>card</i> in the newspapers. Also, a printed
programme, and (<i>fig</i>.), an attraction or inducement; as,
this will be a good <i>card</i> for the last day of the
fair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A paper on which the points of the
compass are marked; the dial or face of the mariner's
compass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the quartere that they know<BR>
I' the shipman's <i>card</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A perforated
pasteboard or sheet-metal plate for warp threads, making part of
the Jacquard apparatus of a loom. See <u>Jacquard</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An indicator card. See under
<u>Indicator</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Business card</b></col>, <cd>a card on which is
printed an advertisement or business address.</cd> --
<col><b>Card basket</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A basket to
hold visiting cards left by callers.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A basket made of cardboard.</cd> -- <col><b>Card
catalogue</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Catalogue</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Card rack</b></col>, <cd>a rack or frame for holding and
displaying business or visiting card.</cd> -- <col><b>Card
table</b></col>, <cd>a table for use inplaying cards, esp. one
having a leaf which folds over.</cd> -- <col><b>On the
cards</b></col>, <cd>likely to happen; foretold and expected but
not yet brought to pass; -- a phrase of fortune tellers that has
come into common use; also, according to the programme.</cd> --
<col><b>Playing card</b></col>, <cd>cards used in playing games;
specifically, the cards cards used playing which and other games
of chance, and having each pack divided onto four kinds or suits
called hearts, diamonds, clubs, and spades. The full or whist
pack contains fifty-two cards.</cd> -- <col><b>To have the cards
in one's own hands</b></col>, <cd>to have the winning cards; to
have the means of success in an undertaking.</cd> -- <col><b>To
play one's cards well</b></col>, <cd>to make no errors; to act
shrewdly.</cd> -- <col><b>To play snow one's cards</b></col>,
<cd>to expose one's plants to rivals or foes.</cd> -- <col><b>To
speak by the card</b></col>, <cd>to speak from information and
definitely, not by guess as in telling a ship's bearing by the
compass card.</cd> -- <col><b>Visiting card</b></col>, <cd>a
small card bearing the name, and sometimes the address, of the
person presenting it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Card</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Carded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Carding</u>.] <def>To play at cards; to game.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Card</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>carde</i> teasel,
the head of a thistle, card, from L. <i>carduus</i>,
<i>cardus</i>, thistle, fr. <i>carere</i> to card.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for disentangling and
arranging the fibers of cotton, wool, flax, etc.; or for cleaning
and smoothing the hair of animals; -- usually consisting of bent
wire teeth set closely in rows in a thick piece of leather
fastened to a back.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A roll or sliver of fiber (as of wool)
delivered from a carding machine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Card clothing</b></col>, <cd>strips of wire-toothed
card used for covering the cylinders of carding
machines.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Card</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To comb with a card; to cleanse or disentangle by carding;
as, to <i>card</i> wool; to <i>card</i> a horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>card</i> the short comb the longer
flakes.<BR>
<i>Dyer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clean or clear, as if by using a
card.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This book [must] be <i>carded</i> and purged.<BR>
<i>T. Shelton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mix or mingle, as with an inferior
or weaker article.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>card</i> your beer, if you guests being to
be drunk. -- half small, half strong.<BR>
<i>Greene.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In the manufacture of wool, cotton, etc., the process
of carding disentangles and collects together all the fibers, of
whatever length, and thus differs from combing, in which the
longer fibers only are collected, while the short straple is
combed away. See <u>Combing</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Car"da*mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cardamina</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>cardamine</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of cruciferous plants, containing the
lady's-smock, cuckooflower, bitter cress, meadow cress,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"da*mom</hw> (k&auml;r"d&adot;*m&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cardamomun</i>, Gr.
<grk>karda`mwmon</grk>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The aromatic
fruit, or capsule with its seeds, of several plants of the Ginger
family growing in the East Indies and elsewhere, and much used as
a condiment, and in medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant which produces
cardamoms, esp. <i>Elettaria Cardamomum</i> and several species
of <i>Amomum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Card"board`</hw> (k&auml;rd"b&omacr;rd`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stiff compact pasteboard of various
qualities, for making cards, etc., often having a polished
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Card"case`</hw> (k&auml;rd"k&amacr;s`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A case for visiting cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"de*cu</hw> (k&auml;r"d&esl;*k&usl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupt, from F. <i>quart
d'&eacute;cu</i>.] <def>A quarter of a crown.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The bunch of them were not worth a
<i>cardecu</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Card"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which cards wool flax, etc.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
heart, or upper orifice of the stomach.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The heart.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The anterior or cardiac orifice of the stomach, where the
esophagus enters it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cardiacus</i>, Gr. <i>&?;</i>, fr. &?; heart: cf. F.
<i>cardiaque</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, resembling, or hear the heart; as, the
<i>cardiac</i> arteries; the <i>cardiac</i>, or left, end of the
stomach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Exciting action in the
heart, through the medium of the stomach; cordial;
stimulant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cardiac passion</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>
<cd>cardialgia; heartburn.</cd> [Archaic] -- <col><b>Cardiac
wheel</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>See <u>Heart
wheel</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*ac</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine which excites action in the stomach; a
cardial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*di"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cardiac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*a*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pain
about the heart.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*a*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cardiograph</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Car`di*al"gl*a</hw> (?), <hw>Car"di*al`gy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>cardialgia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; &?;
heart + &?; pain: cf. F. <i>cardialgie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
burning or gnawing pain, or feeling of distress, referred to the
region of the heart, accompanied with cardiac palpitation;
heartburn. It is usually a symptom of indigestion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*gan jack`et</hw> (#). [From the Earl of
<i>Cardigan</i>, who was famous in the Crimean campaign of 1854-
55.] <def>A warm jacket of knit worsted with or without
sleeves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cardinalis</i>, fr. <i>cardo</i> the hinge of a door, that on
which a thing turns or depends: cf. F. <i>cardinal</i>.] <def>Of
fundamental importance; pre&euml;minent; superior; chief;
principal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cardinal</i> intersections of the
zodiac.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Impudence is now a <i>cardinal</i> virtue.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>cardinal</i> sins, and hollow hearts, I
fear ye.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Cardinal numbers</b></col>, <cd>the numbers one, two,
three, etc., in distinction from <i>first</i>, <i>second</i>,
<i>third</i>, etc., which are called <i>ordinal numbers</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Cardinal points</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>The four principal points of the compass, or
intersections of the horizon with the meridian and the prime
vertical circle, north, south east, and west.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <cd>The rising and setting
of the sun, the zenith and nadir.</cd> -- <col><b>Cardinal
signs</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>Aries, Libra, Cancer, and
Capricorn.</cd> -- <col><b>Cardinal teeth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the central teeth of bivalve shell. See
<u>Bivalve</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cardinal veins</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the veins in vertebrate embryos, which run
each side of the vertebral column and returm the blood to the
heart. They remain through life in some fishes.</cd> --
<col><b>Cardinal virtues</b></col>, <cd>pre&euml;minent virtues;
among the ancients, prudence, justice, temperance, and
fortitude.</cd> -- <col><b>Cardinal winds</b></col>, <cd>winds
which blow from the cardinal points due north, south, east, or
west.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>carinal</i>,
It. <i>cardinale</i>, LL. <i>cardinalis</i> (ecclesi&aelig;
Roman&aelig;). See <u>Cardinal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One of the
ecclesiastical princes who constitute the pope's council, or the
sacred college.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The clerics of the supreme Chair are called
<i>Cardinals</i>, as undoubtedly adhering more nearly to the
hinge by which all things are moved.<BR>
<i>Pope Leo IX.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>cardinals</i> are appointed by the pope. Since
the time of Sixtus V., their number can never exceed seventy (six
of episcopal rank, fifty priests, fourteen deacons), and the
number of cardinal priests and deacons is seldom full. When the
papel chair is vacant a pope is elected by the college of
cardinals from among themselves. The cardinals take precedence of
all dignitaries except the pope. The principal parts of a
cardinal's costume are a red cassock, a rochet, a short purple
mantle, and a red hat with a small crown and broad brim, with
cords and tessels of a special pattern hanging from it.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman's short cloak with a
hood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where's your <i>cardinal</i>! Make haste.<BR>
<i>Lloyd.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mulled red wine.</def>
<i>Hotten.</i></p>

<p><! p. 218 !></p>

<p><col><b>Cardinal bird</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Cardinal
grosbeak</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American song bird
(<i>Cardinalis cardinalis</i>, or <i>C. Virginianus</i>), of the
family <i>Fringillid&aelig;</i>, or finches having a bright red
plumage, and a high, pointed crest on its head. The males have
loud and musical notes resembling those of a fife. Other related
species are also called <i>cardinal birds</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cardinal flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
herbaceous plant (<i>Lobelia cardinalis</i>) bearing brilliant
red flowers of much beauty.</cd> -- <col><b>Cardinal
red</b></col>, <cd>a color like that of a cardinal's cassock,
hat, etc.; a bright red, darker than scarlet, and between scarlet
and crimson.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*nal*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cardinalat</i>, LL. <i>cardinalatus</i>.] <def>The office,
rank, or dignity of a cardinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*nal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
exalt to the office of a cardinal.</def>  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*nal*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition, dignity, of office of a cardinal</def></p>

<p><hw>Card"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of preparing staple for spinning, etc.,
by carding it. See the Note under <u>Card</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A roll of wool or other fiber as it
comes from the carding machine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carding engine</b></col>, <col><b>Carding
machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine for carding cotton, wool, or
other fiber, by subjecting it to the action of cylinders, or drum
covered with wire-toothed cards, revoling nearly in contact with
each other, at different rates of speed, or in opposite
directions. The staple issues in soft sheets, or in slender rolls
called <i>sivers</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kardi`a</grk> heart + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
instrument which, when placed in contact with the chest, will
register graphically the comparative duration and intensity of
the heart's movements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`di*o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to, or produced by, a
cardiograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kardio-eidh`s</grk> heart-shaped; <grk>kardi`a</grk> heart +
<grk>e'i^dos</grk> shape.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>An algebraic
curve, so called from its resemblance to a heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`di*o*in*hib"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Checking or arresting the heart's
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`di*ol"*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kardi`a</grk> heart + <i>-ology</i>.] <def>The science which
treats of the heart and its functions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`di*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
heart + <i>-metry</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Measurement of the
heart, as by percussion or auscultation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`di*o*sphyg"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A combination of cardiograph and sphygmograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Car*di"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>kardi`a</grk> heart + <i>-itis</i>: cf. F. <i>cardite</i>.]
<i>(Med)</i> <def>Inflammation of the fleshy or muscular
substance of the heart. See <u>Endocarditis</u> and
<u>Pericarditis</u>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Car"do</hw> (k&auml;r"d&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cardines</b></plw> (#).) [L., a hinge.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The basal joint of
the maxilla in insects.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The hinge
of a bivalve shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"dol</hw> (k&auml;r"d&omacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL. Ana<i>card</i>ium generic name of the cashew + L.
<i>oleum</i> oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow oily liquid,
extracted from the shell of the cashew nut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*doon"</hw> (k&auml;r*d&oomac;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>cardon</i>. The same word as F. <i>cardon</i> thistle, fr.
L. <i>carduus</i>, <i>cardus</i>, LL. <i>cardo</i>. See 3d
<u>Card</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large herbaceous plant
(<i>Cynara Cardunculus</i>) related to the artichoke; -- used in
cookery and as a salad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Care</hw> (k&acirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>caru</i>, <i>cearu</i>; akin to OS. <i>kara</i> sorrow, Goth.
<i>kara</i>, OHG <i>chara</i>, lament, and perh. to Gr.
<grk>gh^rys</grk> voice. Not akin to <i>cure</i>. Cf.
<u>Chary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A burdensome sense of
responsibility; trouble caused by onerous duties; anxiety;
concern; solicitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Care</i> keeps his watch in every old man's
eye,<BR>
And where <i>care</i> lodges, sleep will never lie.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Charge, oversight, or management,
implying responsibility for safety and prosperity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>care</i> of all the churches.<BR>
<i>2 Cor. xi. 28.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Him thy <i>care</i> must be to find.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Perplexed with a thousand <i>cares</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Attention or heed; caution; regard;
heedfulness; watchfulness; as, take <i>care</i>; have a
<i>care</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I thank thee for thy <i>care</i> and honest
pains.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The object of watchful attention or
anxiety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Right sorrowfully mourning her bereaved
<i>cares</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Anxiety; solicitude; concern; caution; regard;
management; direction; oversight. -- <u>Care</u>, <u>Anxiety</u>,
<u>Solicitude</u>, <u>Concern</u>. These words express mental
pain in different degress. <i>Care</i> belongs primarily to the
intellect, and becomes painful from overburdened thought.
<i>Anxiety</i> denotes a state of distressing uneasiness fron the
dread of evil. <i>Solicitude</i> expresses the same feeling in a
diminished degree. <i>Concern</i> is opposed to
<i>indifference</i>, and implies exercise of anxious thought more
or less intense. We are <i>careful</i> about the means,
<i>solicitous</i> and <i>anxious</i> about the end; we are
<i>solicitous</i> to obtain a good, <i>anxious</i> to avoid an
evil.</p>

<p><hw>Care</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Caring</u>.] [AS. <i>cearian</i>. See <u>Care</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To be anxious or solicitous; to be
concerned; to have regard or interest; -- sometimes followed by
an objective of measure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would not <i>care</i> a pin, if the other three
were in.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Master, <i>carest</i> thou not that we perish?<BR>
<i>Mark. iv. 38.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To care for</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To have
under watchful attention; to take care of.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To have regard or affection for; to like
or love.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>cared</i> not for the affection of the
house.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*reen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Careened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Careening</u>.] [OF. <i>cariner</i>, F.
<i>car&eacute;ner</i>, fr. OF. <i>car&egrave;ne</i>, the bottom
of a ship, keel, fr. L. <i>carina</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
cause (a vessel) to lean over so that she floats on one side,
leaving the other side out of water and accessible for repairs
below the water line; to case to be off the keel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*reen"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
incline to one side, or lie over, as a ship when sailing on a
wind; to be off the keel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*reen"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>car&eacute;nage</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Expense of careening ships.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
place for careening.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*reer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>carri&egrave;re</i> race course, high road, street, fr. L.
<i>carrus</i> wagon. See <u>Car</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
race course: the ground run over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To go back again the same <i>career</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A running; full speed; a rapid
course.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a horse is running in his full
<i>career</i>.<BR>
<i>Wilkins.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>General course of action or conduct in
life, or in a particular part or calling in life, or in some
special undertaking; usually applied to course or conduct which
is of a public character; as, Washington's <i>career</i> as a
soldier.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An impartial view of his whole <i>career</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>The flight of a
hawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*reer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Careered</u> 3; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Careering</u>] <def>To move or run rapidly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Careering</i> gayly over the curling waves.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Care"ful</hw> (k&acirc;r"f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>cearful</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of care;
anxious; solicitous.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Be <i>careful</i> [Rev. Ver. "anxious"] for
nothing.<BR>
<i>Phil. iv. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>careful</i> plowman doubting stands.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Filling with care or solicitude;
exposing to concern, anxiety, or trouble; painful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>careful</i> cold beginneth for to
creep.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By Him that raised me to this <i>careful</i>
height.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Taking care; giving good heed;
watchful; cautious; provident; not indifferent, heedless, or
reckless; -- often followed by <i>of</i>, <i>for</i>, or the
infinitive; as, <i>careful</i> of money; <i>careful</i> to do
right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast been careful for us with all this
care.<BR>
<i>2. Kings iv, 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What could a <i>careful</i> father more have
done?<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Anxious; solicitous; provident; thoughtful;
cautious; circumspect; heedful; watchful; vigilant.</p>

<p><hw>Care"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a careful
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Care"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or
state of being careful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Care"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cearle&aacute;s</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from care
or anxiety. hence, cheerful; light-hearted.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sleep she as sound as <i>careless</i> infancy.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no care; not taking ordinary or
proper care; negligent; unconcerned; heedless; inattentive;
unmindful; regardless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My brother was too <i>careless</i> of his
charge.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He grew <i>careless</i> of himself.<BR>
<i>Steele.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without thought or purpose; without
due care; without attention to rule or system; unstudied;
inconsiderate; spontaneous; rash; as, a <i>careless</i> throw; a
<i>careless</i> expression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He framed the <i>careless</i> rhyme.<BR>
<i>Beattie.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not receiving care; uncared for.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their many wounds and <i>careless</i> harms.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Negligent; heedless; thoughtless; unthinking;
inattentive; incautious; remiss; supine; forgetful; regardless;
inconsiderate; listless.</p>

<p><hw>Care"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
careless manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Care"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being careless; heedlessness; negligence;
inattention.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*rene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>carena</i>, corrupted fr. <i>quarentena</i>. See
<u>Quarantine</u>.] <i>(Ecol.)</i> <def>A fast of forty days on
bread and water.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*ress"</hw> (k&adot;*r&ebreve;s"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>caresse</i>, It. <i>carezza</i>, LL. <i>caritia</i>
dearness, fr. L. <i>carus</i> dear. See <u>Charity</u>.] <def>An
act of endearment; any act or expression of affection; an
embracing, or touching, with tenderness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wooed her with his soft <i>caresses</i>.<BR>
<i>Langfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He exerted himself to win by indulgence and
<i>caresses</i> the hearts of all who were under his command.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*ress"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Caressed</u> (-r&ebreve;st"); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Caressing</u>.] [F. <i>caresser</i>, fr. It.
<i>carezzare</i>, fr. <i>carezza</i> caress. See <u>Caress</u>.,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To treat with tokens of fondness,
affection, or kindness; to touch or speak to in a loving or
endearing manner; to fondle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lady <i>caresses</i> the rough bloodhound.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fondle; embrace; pet; coddle; court;
flatter.  -- <u>Caress</u>, <u>Fondle</u>. "We <i>caress</i> by
words or actions; we <i>fondle</i> by actions only."
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*ress"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
caressing manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ret</hw> (k&amacr;"r&ebreve;t <i>or</i>
k&abreve;r"&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>caret</i>
there is wanting, fr. <i>carere</i> to want.] <def>A mark [^]
used by writers and proof readers to indicate that something is
interlined above, or inserted in the margin, which belongs in the
place marked by the caret.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`ret"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a species of
tortoise.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hawkbill turtle. See
<u>Hawkbill</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Care"-tuned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weary;
mournful.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Care"worn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worn or
burdened with care; as, <i>careworn</i> look or face.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"rex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., sedge.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A numerous and widely distributed genus of
perennial herbaceous plants of the order <i>Cypreace&aelig;</i>;
the sedges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Carf</hw> (k&auml;rf), <def><pos><i>pret.</i></pos> of
<u>Carve</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"ga*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cargaison</i>, Sp. <i>cargazon</i>, LL. <i>cargare</i> to
load. See <u>rgo</u>.] <def>A cargo.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Car"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cargoes</b></plw> (#). [Sp. <i>cargo</i>, <i>carga</i>,
burden, load, from <i>cargar</i> to load, from <i>cargar</i> to
load, charge, See <u>Charge</u>.] <def>The lading or freight of a
ship or other vessel; the goods, merchandise, or whatever is
conveyed in a vessel or boat; load; freight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cargoes</i> of food or clothing.<BR>
<i>E. Everett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>cargo</i>, in law, is usually applied to
goods only, and not to live animals or persons.
<i>Burill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"goose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. fr. Gael.
& Ir. <i>cir</i>, <i>cior</i> (pronounced kir, kior), crest, comb
+ E. <i>goose</i>. Cf. <u>Crebe</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
species of grebe (<i>Podiceps crisratus</i>); the crested
grebe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Ccedil;a`ri*a"ma</hw> (s&auml;`r&esl;*&adot;"m&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large, long-legged South American bird (<i>Dicholophus
cristatus</i>) which preys upon snakes, etc. See
<u>Seriema</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Caries</b></plw>. [See <u>Cannibal</u>.] <i>(Ethol.)</i>
<def>A native of the Caribbee islands or the coasts of the
Caribbean sea; esp., one of a tribe of Indians inhabiting a
region of South America, north of the Amazon, and formerly most
of the West India islands.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car`ib*be"an</hw> (?), <hw>Car`ib*bee</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Caribs, to
their islands (the eastern and southern West Indies), or to the
sea (called the Caribbean sea) lying between those islands and
Central America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ib*bee</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Carib.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*ri"be</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. a
cannibal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>. <def>A south American fresh water
fish of the genus <i>Serrasalmo</i> of many species, remarkable
for its voracity. When numerous they attack man or beast, often
with fatal results.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"i*bou</hw> (k&abreve;r"&ibreve;*b&oomac;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Canadian French.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The American reindeer, especially the common or woodland
species (<i>Rangifer Caribou</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barren Ground caribou</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Barren</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Woodland caribou</b></col>,
<cd>the common reindeer (<i>Rangifer Caribou</i>) of the northern
forests of America.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"i*ca*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>caricatura</i>, fr. <i>caricare</i> to charge, overload,
exaggerate. See <u>Charge</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An exaggeration, or distortion by
exaggeration, of parts or characteristics, as in a
picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A picture or other figure or
description in which the peculiarities of a person or thing are
so exaggerated as to appear ridiculous; a burlesque; a
parody.</def> [Formerly written <i>caricatura</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The truest likeness of the prince of French
literature will be the one that has most of the look of a
<i>caricature</i>.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A grotesque <i>caricature</i> of virtue.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"i*ca*ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Caricatured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Caricaturing</u>.] <def>To make or draw a
caricature of; to represent with ridiculous exaggeration; to
burlesque.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He could draw an ill face, or <i>caricature</i> a
good one, with a masterly hand.<BR>
<i>Lord Lyttelton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"i*ca*tu`rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who caricatures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"i*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>carica</i> a kind of dry fig.] <def>Of the shape of a fig; as,
a <i>caricous</i> tumor.</def>  <i>Graig.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"ri*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L., decay.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Ulceration of bone; a process in which bone
disintegrates and is carried away piecemeal, as distinguished
from <i>necrosis</i>, in which it dies in masses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"il*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>carillon</i> a chime of bells, originally consisting of four
bells, as if fr.. (assumed) L. <i>quadrilio</i>, fr.
<i>quatuer</i> four.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A chime of bells
diatonically tuned, played by clockwork or by finger
keys.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tune adapted to be played by musical
bells.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*ri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., keel.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A keel</def>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of a papilionaceous flower,
consisting of two petals, commonly united, which incloses the
organs of fructification</def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
longitudinal ridge or projection like the keel of a
boat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The keel of the
breastbone of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`i*na"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>carina</i> keel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of oceanic
heteropod Mollusca, having a thin, glassy, bonnet-shaped shell,
which covers only the nucleus and gills.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Car`i*na"t&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., Fem. pl. fr. L. <u>carinatus</u>. See <u>Carinate</u>.]
<def>A grand division of birds, including all existing flying
birds; -- So called from the <i>carina</i> or keel on the
breastbone.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car"i*nate</hw> (?), <hw>Car"i*na`ted</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>carinatus</i>, fr. <i>carina</i>
keel.] <def>Shaped like the keel or prow of a ship; having a
carina or keel; as, a <i>carinate</i> calyx or leaf; a
<i>carinate</i> sternum (of a bird).</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"i*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>carriole</i>, dim. fr. L. <i>carrus</i>. See <u>Car</u>, and
<u>Carryall</u>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small, light, open
one-horse carriage</def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A covered
cart</def>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A kind of calash. See
<u>Carryall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`i*op"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caryopsis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca`ri*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Caries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cariosus</i>, fr. <i>caries</i> dacay.] <def>Affected with
caries; decaying; as, a <i>carious</i> tooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cark</hw> (k&auml;rk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cark</i>, fr. a dialectic form of F. <i>charge</i>; cf. W.
<i>carc</i> anxiety, care, Arm <i>karg</i> charge, burden. See
<u>Charge</u>, and cf. <u>Cargo</u>.] <def>A noxious or corroding
care; solicitude; worry.</def> [Archaic.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His heavy head, devoid of careful <i>cark</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Fling <i>cark</i> and care aside.<BR>
<i>Motherwell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Freedom from the cares of money and the
<i>cark</i> of fashion.<BR>
<i>R. D. Blackmore.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 219 !></p>

<p><hw>Cark</hw> (k&auml;rk), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
careful, anxious, solicitous, or troubled in mind; to worry or
grieve.</def> [R.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cark</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To vex; to worry;
to make by anxious care or worry.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor can a man, independently . . . of God's
blessing, care and <i>cark</i> himself one penny richer.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"ka*net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
carcanet.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cark"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Distressing;
worrying; perplexing; corroding; as, <i>carking</i>
cares.</def></p>

<p><hw>Carl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel, <i>karl</i> a
male, a man; akin to AS. <i>ceorl</i>, OHG. charal, G.
<i>kerl</i> fellow. See <u>Churl</u>.] [Written also
<i>carle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rude, rustic man; a
churl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The miller was a stout <i>carl</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Large stalks of hemp which bear the
seed; -- called also <i>carl hemp</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A kind of food. See
citation, below.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Caring or <i>carl</i> are gray steeped in water
and fried the next day in butter or fat.  They are eaten on the
second Sunday before Easter, formerly called <i>Carl</i>
Sunday.<BR>
<i>Robinson's Whitby Glossary (1875).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim., fr.
<i>carl</i> male.] <def>An old woman.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Car"line</hw> (?), <hw>Car"o*line</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>carin</i>; cf. It. <i>carlino</i>; --
so called from <i>Carlo</i> (Charles) VI. of Naples.] <def>A
silver coin once current in some parts of Italy, worth about
seven cents.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car"line</hw> (?), <hw>Car"ling</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>carlingur</i>, Sp. Pg., &amp; It.
<i>carlinga</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A short timber running
lengthwise of a ship, from one transverse desk beam to another;
also, one of the cross timbers that strengthen a hath; -- usually
in <i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Car"line this`tle</hw> (?). [F. <i>carline</i>, It., Sp.,
& Pg., <i>carlina</i>. Said to be so called from the Emperor
Charlemagne, whose army is reputed to have used it as a remedy
for pestilence.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A prickly plant of the genus
<i>Carlina</i> (<i>C. vulgaris</i>), found in Europe and
Asia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"lings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Carl</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carling Sunday</b></col>, <cd>a Sunday in Lent when
carls are eaten. In some parts of England, Passion Sunday. See
<u>Carl</u>, 4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"list</hw> (k&auml;r"l&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A partisan of <i>Charles X.</i> of France, or of Don
<i>Carlos</i> of Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>carlock</i>, fr. Russ. <i>Karl&uacute;k'</i>.] <def>A sort of
Russian isinglass, made from the air bladder of the sturgeon, and
used in clarifying wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"lot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Carl</u>.]
<def>A churl; a boor; a peasant or countryman.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car`lo*vin"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>Carlovingen</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, founded by, of descended
from, Charlemagne; as, the <i>Carlovingian</i> race of
kings.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Car`ma`gnole"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A popular or Red Rebublican song and
dance, of the time of the first French Revolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They danced and yelled the <i>carmagnole</i>.<BR>
<i>Compton Reade.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bombastic report from the French
armies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<u>Carmen</u> (&?;) <def>A man whose employment is to drive, or
to convey goods in, a car or car.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car"mel*ite</hw> (?), <hw>Car"mel*in</hw>  }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the order of
Carmelites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"mel*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A friar of a
mendicant order (the Order of Our Lady of Mount Carmel)
established on Mount Carmel, in Syria, in the twelfth century; a
White Friar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A nun of the Order of Our lady of
Mount Carmel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"mi*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
relating to, or mixed with, carmine; as, <i>carminated</i>
lake.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car*min"ative</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>carminativus</i> (1622), fr. <i>carminare</i> to card, hence
to cleanse, fr. <i>carmen</i> a card for freeing wool or flax
from the coarser parts, and from extraneous matter: cf. F.
<i>carminatif</i>.] <def>Expelling wind from the body; warming;
antispasmodic.</def> "<i>Carminative</i> hot seeds."
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car*min"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
substance, esp. an aromatic, which tends to expel wind from the
alimentary canal, or to relieve colic, griping, or
flatulence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>carmin</i>
(cf. Sp. <i>carmin</i>, It. <i>carminio</i>), contr. from LL.
<i>carmesinus</i> purple color. See <u>Crimson</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rich red or crimson color with a shade
of purple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A beautiful pigment, or a lake, of
this color, prepared from cochineal, and used in miniature
painting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The essential coloring
principle of cochineal, extracted as a purple-red amorphous mass.
It is a glucoside and possesses acid properties; -- hence called
also <i>carminic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carmine red</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a coloring
matter obtained from carmine as a purple-red substance, and
probably allied to the phthale&iuml;ns.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car*min"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to, or derived from, carmine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carminic acid</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Carmine</u>,
3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"mot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Alchemy)</i>
<def>The matter of which the philosopher's stone was believed to
be composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>carnage</i>, LL. <i>carnaticum</i> tribute of animals, flesh
of animals, fr. L. <i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>, flesh. See
<u>Carnal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flesh of slain animals or
men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A miltitude of dogs came to feast on the
<i>carnage</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Great destruction of life, as in
battle; bloodshed; slaughter; massacre; murder; havoc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The more fearful <i>carnage</i> of the Bloody
Circuit.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>carnalis</i>, fr. <i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>, flesh; akin to
Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>kravya</i>; cf. F. <i>charnel</i>, Of. also
<i>carnel</i>. Cf. <u>Charnel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the body or its appetites; animal; fleshly;
sensual; given to sensual indulgence; lustful; human or worldly
as opposed to <i>spiritual</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For ye are yet <i>carnal</i>.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. iii. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Not sunk in <i>carnal</i> pleasure.<BR>
<i>Milton</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Carnal</i> desires after miracles.<BR>
<i>Trench.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Flesh-devouring; cruel; ravenous;
bloody.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>carnal</i> cur<BR>
Preys on the issue of his mother's body.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Carnal knowledge</b></col>, <cd>sexual intercourse; --
used especially of an unlawful act on the part of the
man.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"nal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being carnal; carnality; sensualism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Car"nal*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sensualist.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>carnalitas</i>.] <def>The state of being carnal; fleshly lust,
or the indulgence of lust; grossness of mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Because of the <i>carnality</i> of their
hearts.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"nal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Carnalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Carnalizing</u>.] <def>To make carnal;
to debase to carnality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sensual and <i>carnalized</i> spirit.<BR>
<i>John Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"nal*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>carnallit</i>, fr. Von <i>Carnall</i>, a Prussian.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous chloride of potassium and magnesium,
sometimes found associated with deposits of rock salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"nal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According
to the flesh, to the world, or to human nature; in a manner to
gratify animal appetites and lusts; sensually.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For to be <i>carnally</i> minded is death; but to
be spiritually minded is life and peace.<BR>
<i>Rom. viii. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"nal-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Worldly-minded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"nal-mind"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Grossness of mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>carnarium</i>, fr. <i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>, flesh.] <def>A
vault or crypt in connection with a church, used as a repository
for human bones disintered from their original burial places; a
charnel house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*nas"si*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>carnassier</i> carnivorous, and L. <i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>,
flesh.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Adapted to eating flesh.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A carnassial tooth; especially, the
last premolar in many carnivores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>carnatus</i> fleshy.] <def>Invested with, or embodied in,
flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>carnation</i> the flesh tints in a painting, It
<i>carnagione</i>, fr. L. <i>carnatio</i> fleshiness, fr.
<i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>, flesh. See <u>Carnal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The natural color of flesh; rosy
pink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her complexion of the delicate
<i>carnation</i>.<BR>
<i>Ld. Lytton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Those parts
of a picture in which the human body or any part of it is
represented in full color; the flesh tints.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flesh tints in painting are termed
<i>carnations</i>.<BR>
<i>Fairholt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of
<i>Dianthus</i> (<i>D. Caryophyllus</i>) or pink, having very
beautiful flowers of various colors, esp. white and usually a
rich, spicy scent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*na"tioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
flesh color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Car*nau"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The Brazilian wax palm. See <u>Wax palm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*nel"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>carnelian</i>; influenced by L. <i>carneus</i> fleshy, of
flesh, because of its flesh red color. See <u>Cornellan</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of chalcedony, of a clear, deep red,
flesh red, or reddish white color. It is moderately hard, capable
of a good polish, and often used for seals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>carneus</i>, from <i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>, flesh.]
<def>Consisting of, or like, flesh; carnous; fleshy.</def>
"<i>Carneous</i> fibers."  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>carneus</i> flesh.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A disease of horses, in
which the mouth is so furred that the afflicted animal can not
eat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Car"ni*fex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>, flesh + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>The public executioner at Rome, who executed
persons of the lowest rank; hence, an executioner or
hangman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>carnification</i>.] <def>The act or process of turning to
flesh, or to a substance resembling flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>carnificare</i>, fr. L. <i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>, flesh +
<i>facere</i> to make: cf. F. <i>carnifier</i>.] <def>To form
flesh; to become like flesh.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>caro</i>,
<i>canis</i> , flesh.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline
nitrogenous substance, found in extract of meat, and related to
xanthin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ni*val</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>carnevale</i>, prob. for older <i>carnelevale</i>, prop., the
putting away of meat; fr. L. <i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>, flesh +
<i>levare</i> to take away, lift up, fr. <i>levis</i> light.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A festival celebrated with merriment and
revelry in Roman Gatholic countries during the week before Lent,
esp. at Rome and Naples, during a few days (three to ten) before
Lent, ending with Shrove Tuesday.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>carnival</i> at Venice is everywhere talked
of.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any merrymaking, feasting, or
masquerading, especially when overstepping the bounds of decorum;
a time of riotous excess.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He saw the lean dogs beneath the wall<BR>
Hold o'er the dead their <i>carnival</i><BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Car*niv"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
neut. pl. from L. <i>carnivorus</i>. See <u>Carnivorous</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of Mammallia including the
lion, tiger, wolf bear, seal, etc. They are adapted by their
structure to feed upon flesh, though some of them, as the bears,
also eat vegetable food. The teeth are large and sharp, suitable
for cutting flesh, and the jaws powerful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*niv`o*rac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Greediness of appetite for flesh.</def> [Sportive.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car`ni*vore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>carnivore</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
<i>Carnivora</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*niv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>carnivorus</i>; <i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>, flesh +
<i>varare</i> to devour.] <def>Eating or feeding on flesh. The
term is applied: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> to animals which naturally
seek flesh for food, as the tiger, dog, etc.; <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
to plants which are supposed to absorb animal food;
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> to substances which destroy animal tissue, as
caustics.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car*nose</hw> (?), <hw>Car"*nous</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>carnosus</i>, fr. <i>caro</i>,
<i>carnis</i>, flesh: cf. OF. <i>carneux</i>, F.
<i>charneux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
flesh; fleshy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A distinct <i>carnose</i> muscle.<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of a fleshy consistence;
-- applied to succulent leaves, stems, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*nos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>carnosit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A fleshy excrescence;
esp. a small excrescence or fungous growth.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fleshy substance or quality; fleshy
covering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Consciences] overgrown with so hard a
<i>carnosity</i>.<BR>
<i>Spelman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The olives, indeed be very small there, and bigger
than capers; yet commended they are for their
<i>carnosity</i>.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"ob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>caroube</i> fruit of the carob tree, Sp. <i>garrobo</i>,
<i>al-garrobo</i>, carob tree, fr. Ar. <i>kharr&umacr;b</i>, Per.
<i>Kharn&umacr;b</i>. Cf. <u>Clgaroba</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An evergreen leguminous tree (<i>Ceratania
Siliqua</i>) found in the countries bordering the Mediterranean;
the St. John's bread; -- called also <i>carob tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the long, sweet, succulent,
pods of the carob tree, which are used as food for animals and
sometimes eaten by man; -- called also <i>St. John's bread</i>,
<i>carob bean</i>, and <i>algaroba bean</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*roche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>carrache</i>, F. <i>carrose</i> from It. <i>carrocio</i>,
<i>carrozza</i>, fr. <i>carro</i>, L. <i>carus</i>. See
<u>Car</u>.] <def>A kind of pleasure carriage; a coach.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To mount two-wheeled <i>caroches</i>.<BR>
<i>Butler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*roched"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Placed in a
caroche.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Beggary rides <i>caroched</i>.<BR>
<i>Massenger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"oigne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Carrion</u>.] <def>Dead body; carrion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>carole</i> a
kind of dance wherein many dance together, fr. <i>caroler</i> to
dance; perh. from Celtic; cf. Armor. <i>koroll</i>, n.,
<i>korolla</i>, <i>korolli</i>, v., Ir. <i>car</i> music, turn,
circular motion, also L. <i>choraula</i> a flute player,
<i>charus</i> a dance, chorus, choir.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
round dance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A song of joy, exultation, or mirth; a
lay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The costly feast, the <i>carol</i>, and the
dance.<BR>
<i>Dryden</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It was the <i>carol</i> of a bird.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A song of praise of devotion; as, a
Christmas or Easter <i>carol</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heard a <i>carol</i>, mournful, holy.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In the darkness sing your <i>carol</i> of high
praise.<BR>
<i>Keble.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Joyful music, as of a song.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I heard the bells on Christmans Day<BR>
Their old, familiar <i>carol</i> play.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Caroled</u> (?), or <u>Carolled</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Caroling</u>, or
<u>Carolling</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To praise or celebrate in
song.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Shepherds at their festivals<BR>
<i>Carol</i> her goodness.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sing, especially with joyful
notes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hovering swans . . . <i>carol</i> sounds
harmonious.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"ol</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sing; esp. to
sing joyfully; to warble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>carol</i> of love's high praise.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The gray linnets <i>carol</i> from the hill.<BR>
<i>Beattie.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car"ol</hw>, <hw>Car"rol</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>carole</i> a sort of circular space, or carol.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small closet or inclosure built against a
window on the inner side, to sit in for study. The word was used
as late as the 16th century.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bay window may thus be called a
<i>carol</i>.<BR>
<i>Parker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"o*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Carolus</i> Charles.] <def>A former gold coin of Germany worth
nearly five dollars; also, a gold coin of Sweden worth nearly
five dollars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`o*li"na pink`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Pinkboot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coin. See
<u>Carline</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ol*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A song of
joy or devotion; a singing, as of carols.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such heavenly notes and <i>carolings</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car`o*lin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native or inhabitant of north or South Carolina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`o*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Adorned with sculptured leaves and branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"o*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Caroluses</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Caroli</b></plw> (#).
[L., Charles.] <def>An English gold coin of the value of twenty
or twenty-three shillings. It was first struck in the reign of
Charles I.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Told down the crowns and <i>Caroluses</i>.<BR>
<i>Macawlay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupted fr.
F. <i>carumboler</i> to carom, <i>carambolage</i> a carom,
<i>carambole</i> the red ball in billiards.] <i>(Billiards)</i>
<def>A shot in which the ball struck with the cue comes in
contact with two or more balls on the table; a hitting of two or
more balls with the player's ball. In England it is called
<i>cannon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"om</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Billiards)</i>
<def>To make a carom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"o*mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caramel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`o*teel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i>
<def>A tierce or cask for dried fruits, etc., usually about 700
lbs.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*rot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
stupefying. See <u>Carotid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to stupor; as, a <i>carotic</i> state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Carotid; as, the
<i>carotic</i> arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*rot"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, pl.,
from &?; heavy sleep: cf. F. <i>carotide</i>. The early Greeks
believed that these arteries in some way caused drowsiness.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the two main arteries of the neck, by
which blood is conveyed from the aorta to the head. [See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Aorta</u>.]</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*rot"id</hw> (?), <hw>Ca*rot"id*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or near,
the carotids or one of them; as, the <i>carotid</i>
gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*ro"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A red crystallizable tasteless substance, extracted from the
carrot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*rous"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Carouse</u>, but also cf. F. <i>carrousel</i> tilt.] <def>A
jovial feast or festival; a drunken revel; a carouse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The swains were preparing for a
<i>carousal</i>.<BR>
<i>Sterne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Banquet; revel; orgie; carouse. See
<u>Feast</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 220 !></p>

<p><hw>Ca*rouse"</hw> (k&adot;*rouz"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>carrousse</i>, earlier <i>carous</i>, fr. G. <i>garaus</i>
finishing stroke, the entire emptying of the cup in drinking a
health; <i>gar</i> entirely + <i>aus</i> out. See <u>Yare</u>,
and <u>Out</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large draught of
liquor.</def> [Obs.] "A full <i>carouse</i> of sack."   <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Drink <i>carouses</i> to the next day's fate.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A drinking match; a
carousal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The early feast and late <i>carouse</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*rouse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Caroused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Carousing</u>.] <def>To drink deeply or freely in
compliment; to take part in a carousal; to engage in drunken
revels.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had been aboard, <i>carousing</i> to his
mates.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*rouse"</hw> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drink up;
to drain; to drink freely or jovially.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Guests <i>carouse</i> the sparkling tears of the
rich grape.<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Egypt's wanton queen,<BR>
<i>Carousing</i> gems, herself dissolved in love.<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*rous"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
carouses; a reveler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*rous"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That carouses;
relating to a carouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*rous"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of a carouser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Carp</hw> (k&auml;rp), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Carped</u> (k&auml;rpt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Carping</u>.] [OE.
<i>carpen</i> to say, speak; from Scand. (cf. Icel. <i>karpa</i>
to boast), but influenced later by L. <i>carpere</i> to pluck,
calumniate.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To talk; to speak; to
prattle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To find fault; to cavil; to censure
words or actions without reason or ill-naturedly; -- usually
followed by <i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Carping</i> and caviling at faults of
manner.<BR>
<i>Blackw. Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And at my actions <i>carp</i> or catch.<BR>
<i>Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Carp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To say; to tell.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To find fault with; to censure.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Carp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Carp</b></plw>, formerly <plw><b>Carps</b></plw>. [Cf.
Icel. <i>karfi</i>, Dan. <i>karpe</i>, Sw. <i>karp</i>, OHG.
<i>charpho</i>, G. <i>karpfen</i>, F. <i>carpe</i>, LL.
<i>carpa</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fresh-water herbivorous
fish (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>.). Several other species of
<i>Cyprinus</i>, <i>Catla</i>, and <i>Carassius</i> are called
<i>carp</i>. See <u>Cruclan carp</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>carp</i> was originally from Asia, whence it was
early introduced into Europe, where it is extensively reared in
artificial ponds. Within a few years it has been introduced into
America, and widely distributed by the government. Domestication
has produced several varieties, as the <i>leather carp</i>, which
is nearly or quite destitute of scales, and the <i>mirror
carp</i>, which has only a few large scales. Intermediate
varieties occur.</p>

<p><col><b>Carp louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
crustacean, of the genus <i>Argulus</i>, parasitic on carp and
allied fishes. See <u>Branchiura</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Carp
mullet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fish (<i>Moxostoma
carpio</i>) of the Ohio River and Great Lakes, allied to the
suckers.</cd> -- <col><b>Carp sucker</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a name given to several species of
fresh-water fishes of the genus Carpiodes in the United States; -
- called also quillback.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Carpus</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
carpus, or wrist.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
bones or cartilages of the carpus; a carpale.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carpal angle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
angle at the last joint of the folded wing of a bird.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Car*pa"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Carpalia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. E. <i>carpus</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the bones or cartilages of the carpus;
esp. one of the series articulating with the
metacarpals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*pa"thi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a range of mountains in Austro-Hungary, called the
Carpathians, which partially inclose Hungary on the north, east,
and south.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car"pel</hw> (k&auml;r"p&ebreve;l),
<hw>||Car*pel"lum</hw> (-p&ebreve;l"l&ubreve;m), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>carpellum</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A simple pistil or
single-celled ovary or seed vessel, or one of the parts of a
compound pistil, ovary, or seed vessel. See <i>Illust</i> of
<u>Carpaphore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"pel*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Belonging to, forming, or containing carpels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"pen*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>carpentier</i>, F. <i>charpentier</i>, LL.
<i>carpentarius</i>, fr. L. <i>carpentum</i> wagon, carriage.]
<def>An artificer who works in timber; a framer and builder of
houses, ships, etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Carpenter</u>, <u>Joiner</u>.  The
<i>carpenter</i> frames and puts together roofs, partitions,
floors, and other structural parts of a building. The
<i>joiner</i> supplies stairs, doors shutters, mantelpieces,
cupboards, and other parts necessary to finishing the building.
In America the two trades are commonly united.</p>

<p><col><b>Carpenter ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
species of ant which gnaws galleries in the wood of trees and
constructs its nests therein. They usually select dead or
somewhat decayed wood. The common large American species is
<i>Formica Pennsylvanica</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Carpenter
bee</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large hymenopterous
insect of the genus <i>Xylocopa</i>; -- so called because it
constructs its nest by gnawing long galleries in sound timber.
The common American species is <i>Xylocopa
Virginica</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"pen*ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
occupation or work of a carpenter; the act of working in timber;
carpentry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"pen*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>charpenterie</i>, OF. also <i>carpenterie</i>. See
<u>Carpenter</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of cutting, framing, and
joining timber, as in the construction of buildings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assemblage of pieces of timber
connected by being framed together, as the pieces of a roof,
floor, etc.; work done by a carpenter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Carp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who carps;
a caviler.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"pet</hw> (k&auml;r"p&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>carpite</i> rug, soft of cloth, F. <i>carpette</i> coarse
packing cloth, rug (cf. It. <i>carpita</i> rug, blanket), LL.
<i>carpeta</i>, <i>carpita</i>, woolly cloths, fr. L.
<i>carpere</i> to pluck, to card (wool); cf. Gr.
<grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit, E. <u>Harvest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A heavy woven or felted fabric, usually of wool, but also of
cotton, hemp, straw, etc.; esp. a floor covering made in breadths
to be sewed together and nailed to the floor, as distinguished
from a rug or mat; originally, also, a wrought cover for
tables.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tables and beds covered with copes instead of
<i>carpets</i> and coverlets.<BR>
<i>T. Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A smooth soft covering resembling or
suggesting a carpet.</def> "The grassy <i>carpet</i> of this
plain."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Carpet beetle</b></col> <i>or</i> <col><b>Carpet
bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small beetle
(<i>Anthrenus scrophulari&aelig;</i>), which, in the larval
state, does great damage to carpets and other woolen goods; --
also called <i>buffalo bug</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Carpet
knight</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A knight who enjoys
ease and security, or luxury, and has not known the hardships of
the field; a hero of the drawing room; an effeminate person.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>One made a knight, for some
other than military distinction or service.</cd> --
<col><b>Carpet moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva
of an insect which feeds on carpets and other woolen goods. There
are several kinds. Some are the larv&aelig; of species of
<i>Tinea</i> (as <i>T. tapetzella</i>); others of beetles, esp.
<i>Anthrenus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Carpet snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Australian snake. See <i>Diamond
snake</i>, under <u>Diamond</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Carpet
sweeper</b></col>, <cd>an apparatus or device for sweeping
carpets.</cd> -- <col><b>To be on the carpet</b></col>, <cd>to be
under consideration; to be the subject of deliberation; to be in
sight; -- an expression derived from the use of carpets as table
cover.</cd> -- <col><b>Brussels carpet</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Brussels</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"pet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Carpeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Carpeting</u>.] <def>To cover with, or as with, a carpet; to
spread with carpets; to furnish with a carpet or
carpets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Carpeted</i> temples in fashionable
squares.<BR>
<i>E. Everett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"pet*bag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
portable bag for travelers; -- so called because originally made
of carpet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"pet*bag`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
adventurer; -- a term of contempt for a Northern man seeking
private gain or political advancement in the southern part of the
United States after the Civil War (1865).</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Car"pet*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of covering with carpets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cloth or materials for carpets;
carpets, in general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The floor was covered with rich
<i>carpeting</i>.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"pet*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
carpet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"pet*mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who deals in carpets; a buyer and
seller of carpets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One fond of pleasure; a gallant.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"pet*way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A border of greensward left round the margin
of a plowed field.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car*phol"o*gy</hw> (k&auml;r*f&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ka`rfos</grk> any small dry body +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>carphologie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Floccillation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Carp"ing</hw> (k&auml;rp"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Fault-finding; censorious caviling. See
<u>Captious</u>.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Carp"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Car`pin*te"ro</hw> (k&auml;r`p&esl;n*t&asl;"r&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., a carpenter, a woodpecker.] <def>A
california woodpecker (<i>Melanerpes formicivorus)</i>, noted for
its habit of inserting acorns in holes which it drills in trees.
The acorns become infested by insect larv&aelig;, which, when
grown, are extracted for food by the bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`po*gen"ic</hw> (k&auml;r`p&osl;*j&ebreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit + <i>-
gen</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Productive of fruit, or causing
fruit to be developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"po*lite</hw> (k&auml;r"p&osl;*l&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit + <i>-
lite</i>, cf. F. <i>carpolithe</i>.] <def>A general term for a
fossil fruit, nut, or seed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`po*log"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to carpology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*pol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
describes fruits; one versed in carpology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*pol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of
botany which relates to the structure of seeds and
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*poph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit + &?; to eat.] <def>Living on fruits;
fruit-consuming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"po*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit + &?; to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
slender prolongation of the receptacle as an axis between the
carpels, as in Geranium and many umbelliferous plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"po*phyll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit + &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leaf
converted into a fruit or a constituent portion of a fruit; a
carpel. [See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Gymnospermous</u>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"po*phyte</hw> (k&auml;r"p&osl;*l&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit +
<grk>fyto`n</grk> plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A flowerless plant
which forms a true fruit as the result of fertilization, as the
red seaweeds, the <i>Ascomycetes</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The division of alg&aelig; and fungi into four classes
called Carpophytes, O&ouml;phytes, Protophytes, and Zygophytes
(or <i>Carpospore&aelig;</i>, <i>O&ouml;spore&aelig;</i>,
<i>Protophyta</i>, and <i>Zygospore&aelig;</i>) was proposed by
Sachs about 1875.</p>

<p><hw>Car"po*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>karpo`s</grk> + <i>-spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of
spore formed in the conceptacles of red alg&aelig;.</def> --
<wf>Car`po*spor"ic</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Car"pus</hw> (k&auml;r"p&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Carpi</b></plw> (-
p&imacr;). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>karpo`s</grk> wrist.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The wrist; the bones or cartilages between
the forearm, or antibrachium, and the hand or forefoot; in man,
consisting of eight short bones disposed in two rows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"rack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Carack</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car"ra*geen`</hw> (?), <hw>Car"ri*geen`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small, purplish, branching,
cartilaginous seaweed (<i>Chondrus crispus</i>), which, when
bleached, is the <i>Irish moss</i> of commerce.</def> [Also
written <i>carragheen</i>, <i>carageen</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Car*ran"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Brazilian kite (<i>Polyborus
Brasiliensis</i>); -- so called in imitation of its
notes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ra*way</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caraway</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Quarrel</u>, an arrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"rel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Same as 4th <u>Carol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ri*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being carried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"riage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>cariage</i> luggage, carriage, <i>chariage</i> carriage, cart,
baggage, F. <i>charriage</i>, cartage, wagoning, fr. OF.
<i>carier</i>, <i>charier</i>, F. <i>charrier</i>, to cart. See
<u>Carry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is carried;
burden; baggage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>David left his <i>carriage</i> in the hand of the
keeper of the <i>carriage</i>.<BR>
<i>1. Sam. xvii. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And after those days we took up our
<i>carriages</i> and went up to Jerusalem.<BR>
<i>Acts. xxi. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of carrying, transporting, or
conveying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nine days employed in <i>carriage</i>.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The price or expense of
carrying.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which carries of conveys,</def>
as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A wheeled vehicle for persons, esp.
one designed for elegance and comfort.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A wheeled vehicle carrying a fixed burden, as a gun
<i>carriage</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A part of a
machine which moves and carries of supports some other moving
object or part.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A frame or cage in
which something is carried or supported; as, a bell
<i>carriage</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The manner of carrying one's self;
behavior; bearing; deportment; personal manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His gallant <i>carriage</i> all the rest did
grace.<BR>
<i>Stirling.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The act or manner of conducting
measures or projects; management.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The passage and whole <i>carriage</i> of this
action.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Carriage horse</b></col>, <cd>a horse kept for drawing
a carriage.</cd> -- <col><b>Carriage porch</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a canopy or roofed pavilion covering the
driveway at the entrance to any building. It is intended as a
shelter for those who alight from vehicles at the door; --
sometimes erroneously called in the United States <i>porte-
coch&egrave;re</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"riage*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Passable by carriages; that can be conveyed in
carriages.</def> [R.]  <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"ri*boo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caribou</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"rick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A carack. See <u>Carack</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carrick bend</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a kind of
knot, used for bending together hawsers or other ropes.</cd> --
<col><b>Carrick bitts</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the bitts
which support the windlass.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Carry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which,
carries or conveys; a messenger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The air which is but . . . a <i>carrier</i> of the
sounds.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is employed, or makes it his
business, to carry goods for others for hire; a porter; a
teamster.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The roads are crowded with <i>carriers</i>, laden
with rich manufactures.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>That which drives or
carries; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A piece which communicates to an
object in a lathe the motion of the face plate; a lathe dog.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A spool holder or bobbin holder in a braiding
machine. (c) A movable piece in magazine guns which transfers the
cartridge to a position from which it can be thrust into the
barrel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carrier pigeon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
variety of the domestic pigeon used to convey letters from a
distant point to to its home.</cd> -- <col><b>Carrier
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a univalve shell of the
genus <i>Phorus</i>; -- so called because it fastens bits of
stones and broken shells to its own shell, to such an extent as
almost to conceal it.</cd> -- <col><b>Common carrier</b></col>
<i>(Law.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Common</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"ri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>caroyne</i>, OF. <i>caroigne</i>, F. <i>charogne</i>, LL.
<i>caronia</i>, fr. L. <i>caro</i> flesh Cf. <u>Crone</u>,
<u>Crony</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The dead and putrefying
body or flesh of an animal; flesh so corrupted as to be unfit for
food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They did eat the dead <i>carrions</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contemptible or worthless person; --
a term of reproach.</def> [Obs.] "Old feeble <i>carrions</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"ri*on</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to dead and putrefying carcasses; feeding on carrion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A prey for <i>carrion</i> kites.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Carrion beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
beetle that feeds habitually on dead animals; -- also called
<i>sexton beetle</i> and <i>burying beetle</i>.  There are many
kinds, belonging mostly to the family <i>Silphid&aelig;</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Carrion buzzard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
South American bird of several species and genera (as
<i>Ibycter</i>, <i>Milvago</i>, and <i>Polyborus</i>), which act
as scavengers. See <u>Caracara</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Carrion
crow</b></col>, <cd>the common European crow (<i>Corvus
corone</i>) which feeds on carrion, insects, fruits, and
seeds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"rol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>See 4th <u>Carol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"rom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Billiards)</i>
<def>See <u>Carom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`ron*ade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Carron</i>, in Scotland where it was first made.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of short cannon, formerly in use,
designed to throw a large projectile with small velocity, used
for the purpose of breaking or smashing in, rather than piercing,
the object aimed at, as the side of a ship. It has no trunnions,
but is supported on its carriage by a bolt passing through a loop
on its under side.</def></p>

<p><! p. 221 !></p>

<p><hw>Car"ron oil</hw> (?). <def>A lotion of linseed oil and
lime water, used as an application to burns and scalds; -- first
used at the Carron iron works in Scotland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"rot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>carotte</i>,
fr. L. <i>carota</i>; cf. Gr. &?;] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An umbelliferous biennial plant (<i>Daucus
Carota</i>), of many varieties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The esculent root of cultivated
varieties of the plant, usually spindle-shaped, and of a reddish
yellow color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"rot*y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a carrot in
color or in taste; -- an epithet given to reddish yellow hair,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir &amp; Gael.
<i>carach</i> cunning.] <def>A strolling gamester.</def>
[Ireland]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Carried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Carrying</u>.] [OF. <i>carier</i>,
<i>charier</i>, F. <i>carrier</i>, to cart, from OF. <i>car</i>,
<i>char</i>, F. <i>car</i>, car. See <u>Car</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convey or transport in any manner from
one place to another; to bear; -- often with <i>away</i> or
<i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he dieth he small <i>carry</i> nothing
away.<BR>
<i>Ps. xiix. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Devout men <i>carried</i> Stephen to his
burial.<BR>
<i>Acts viii, 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Another <i>carried</i> the intelligence to
Russell.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The sound will be <i>carried</i>, at the least,
twenty miles.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have or hold as a burden, while
moving from place to place; to have upon or about one's person;
to bear; as, to <i>carry</i> a wound; to <i>carry</i> an unborn
child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the ideas . . . were <i>carried</i> along with
us in our minds.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move; to convey by force; to impel;
to conduct; to lead or guide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, <i>carry</i> Sir John Falstaff to the
Fleet.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>carried</i> away all his cattle.<BR>
<i>Gen. xxxi. 18.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Passion and revenge will <i>carry</i> them too
far.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To transfer from one place (as a
country, book, or column) to another; as, to <i>carry</i> the war
from Greece into Asia; to <i>carry</i> an account to the ledger;
to <i>carry</i> a number in adding figures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To convey by extension or continuance;
to extend; as, to <i>carry</i> the chimney through the roof; to
<i>carry</i> a road ten miles farther.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To bear or uphold successfully through
conflict, as a leader or principle; hence, to succeed in, as in a
contest; to bring to a successful issue; to win; as, to
<i>carry</i> an election.</def> "The greater part <i>carries</i>
it."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>carrying</i> of our main point.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To get possession of by force; to
capture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The town would have been <i>carried</i> in the
end.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To contain; to comprise; to bear the
aspect of ; to show or exhibit; to imply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He thought it <i>carried</i> something of argument
in it.<BR>
<i>Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>carries</i> too great an imputation of
ignorance.<BR>
<i>Lacke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To bear (one's self); to behave, to
conduct or demean; -- with the reflexive pronouns.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>carried</i> himself so insolently in the
house, and out of the house, to all persons, that he became
odious.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To bear the charges or burden of
holding or having, as stocks, merchandise, etc., from one time to
another; as, a merchant is <i>carrying</i> a large stock; a farm
<i>carries</i> a mortgage; a broker <i>carries</i> stock for a
customer; to <i>carry</i> a life insurance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carry arms</b></col> <i>(Mil. Drill)</i>, <cd>a
command of the Manual of Arms directing the soldier to hold his
piece in the right hand, the barrel resting against the hollow of
the shoulder in a nearly perpendicular position. In this position
the soldier is said to stand, and the musket to be held, <i>at
carry</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To carry all before one</b></col>,
<cd>to overcome all obstacles; to have uninterrupted
success.</cd> -- <col><b>To carry arms</b></col>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To bear weapons.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To serve as a soldier.</cd> -- <col><b>To carry
away</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>to break
off; to lose; as, <i>to carry away</i> a fore-topmast.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To take possession of the mind; to charm;
to delude; as, <i>to be carried</i> by music, or by
temptation.</cd> -- <col><b>To carry coals</b></col>, <cd>to bear
indignities tamely, a phrase used by early dramatists, perhaps
from the mean nature of the occupation.</cd> <i>Halliwell.</i> --
<col><b>To carry coals to Newcastle</b></col>, <cd>to take things
to a place where they already abound; to lose one's labor.</cd> -
- <col><b>To carry off</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
remove to a distance.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To bear away
as from the power or grasp of others.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To remove from life; as, the plague <i>carried off</i>
thousands.</cd> -- <col><b>To carry on</b></col>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To carry farther; to advance, or help
forward; to continue; as, <i>to carry on</i> a design.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To manage, conduct, or prosecute; as,
<i>to carry on</i> husbandry or trade.</cd> -- <col><b>To carry
out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To bear from within.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To put into execution; to bring to a
successful issue.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To sustain to the
end; to continue to the end.</cd> -- <col><b>To carry
through</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To convey through the
midst of.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To support to the end; to
sustain, or keep from falling, or being subdued.</cd> "Grace will
<i>carry</i> us . . . <i>through</i> all difficulties."
<i>Hammond.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To complete; to bring to
a successful issue; to succeed.</cd> -- <col><b>To carry
up</b></col>, <cd>to convey or extend in an upward course or
direction; to build.</cd> -- <col><b>To carry weight</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be handicapped; to have an extra
burden, as when one rides or runs.</cd> "He <i>carries
weight</i>, he rides a race" <i>Cowper.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To have influence.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To act as a bearer; to convey anything; as, to fetch and
<i>carry</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have propulsive power; to propel;
as, a gun or mortar <i>carries</i> well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hold the head; -- said of a horse;
as, to <i>carry</i> well i. e., to hold the head high, with
arching neck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Hunting)</i> <def>To have earth or
frost stick to the feet when running, as a hare.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To carry on</b></col>, <cd>to behave in a wild, rude,
or romping manner.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Car"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Carries</b></plw> (#). <def>A tract of land, over which
boats or goods are carried between two bodies of navigable water;
a carrying place; a portage.</def> [<i>U.S</i>.] </p>

<p><hw>Car"ry*all`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>cariole</i>.] <def>A light covered carriage, having four
wheels and seats for four or more persons, usually drawn by one
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ry*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
business of transporting from one place to another.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carrying place</b></col>, <cd>a carry; a portage.</cd>
-- <col><b>Carrying trade</b></col>, <cd>the business of
transporting goods, etc., from one place or country to another by
water or land; freighting.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>We are rivals with them in . . . the <i>carrying
trade</i>.<BR>
<i>Jay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"ryk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
carack.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"ry*tale`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
talebearer.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Carse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Celtic origin;
cf. W. <i>cars</i> bog, fen. <i>carsen</i> reed, Armor.
<i>kars</i>, <i>korsen</i>, bog plant, reed.] <def>Low, fertile
land; a river valley.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jomieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cr&aelig;t</i>; cf. W. <i>cart</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>cairt</i>,
or Icel. <i>kartr</i>. Cf. <u>Car</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
common name for various kinds of vehicles, as a Scythian dwelling
on wheels, or a chariot.</def> "Ph&oelig;bus' <i>cart</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A two-wheeled vehicle for the ordinary
purposes of husbandry, or for transporting bulky and heavy
articles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Packing all his goods in one poor <i>cart</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A light business wagon used by bakers,
grocerymen, butchers, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An open two-wheeled pleasure
carriage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cart horse</b></col>, <cd>a horse which draws a cart;
a horse bred or used for drawing heavy loads.</cd> --
<col><b>Cart load</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Cartload</b></col>, <cd>as much as will fill or load a
cart. In excavating and carting sand, gravel, earth, etc., one
third of a cubic yard of the material before it is loosened is
estimated to be a cart load.</cd> -- <col><b>Cart rope</b></col>,
<cd>a stout rope for fastening a load on a cart; any strong
rope.</cd> -- <col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>put (or get or
set)</b></col> <col><b>the cart before the horse</b></col>,
<cd>to invert the order of related facts or ideas, as by putting
an effect for a cause.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cart</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Carted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Carting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry or convey in a
cart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expose in a cart by way of
punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She chuckled when a bawd was <i>carted</i>.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cart</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To carry burdens
in a cart; to follow the business of a carter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cart"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of carrying in a cart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The price paid for carting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cart"bote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cart</i> +
<i>bote</i>.] <i>(Old Eng. Law.)</i> <def>Wood to which a tenant
is entitled for making and repairing carts and other instruments
of husbandry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Carte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See 1st
<u>Card</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bill of fare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Short for <u>Carte de
visite</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Carte</hw>. <hw>||Quarte</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quarte</i>, prop., a fourth. Cf.
<u>Quart</u>.] <i>(Fencing)</i> <def>A position in thrusting or
parrying, with the inside of the hand turned upward and the point
of the weapon toward the adversary's right breast.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Carte` blanche"</hw> (?). [F., fr. OF. <i>carte</i>
paper + <i>-blanc</i>, <i>blanche</i>, white. See 1st
<u>Card</u>.] <def>A blank paper, with a person's signature,
etc., at the bottom, given to another person, with permission to
superscribe what conditions he pleases. Hence: Unconditional
terms; unlimited authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Carte" de vi*site`</hw> (?), <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cartes
de visite</b></plw> (&?;). [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
visiting card.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A photographic picture of the size
formerly in use for a visiting card.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*tel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>cartellus</i> a little paper, dim. fr. L. <i>charta</i>. See
1st <u>Card</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An agreement between
belligerents for the exchange of prisoners.</def>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A letter of defiance or challenge; a
challenge to single combat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He is cowed at the very idea of a
<i>cartel</i>.,<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Cartel</b></col>, or <col><b>Cartel ship</b></col>,
<cd>a ship employed in the exchange of prisoners, or in carrying
propositions to an enemy; a ship beating a flag of truce and
privileged from capture.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To defy or
challenge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You shall <i>cartel</i> him.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cart"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A charioteer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man who drives a cart; a
teamster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any species of <i>Phalangium</i>; -- also called
<i>harvestman</i></def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A British fish;
the whiff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*te"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Renatus
<i>Cartesius</i>, Latinized from of Ren&eacute; <i>Descartes</i>:
cf. F. <i>cart&eacute;sien</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
French philosopher Ren&eacute; Descartes, or his
philosophy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Cartesion</i> argument for reality of
matter.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Cartesian co&ouml;rdinates</b></col> <i>(Geom)</i>,
<cd>distance of a point from lines or planes; -- used in a system
of representing geometric quantities, invented by Descartes.</cd>
-- <col><b>Cartesian devil</b></col>, <cd>a small hollow glass
figure, used in connection with a jar of water having an elastic
top, to illustrate the effect of the compression or expansion of
air in changing the specific gravity of bodies.</cd> --
<col><b>Cartesion oval</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a curve such
that, for any point of the curve <i>mr + m&prime;r&prime; =
c</i>, where <i>r</i> and <i>r&prime;</i> are the distances of
the point from the two foci and <i>m</i>, <i>m&prime;</i> and
<i>c</i> are constant; -- used by Descartes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car*te"sian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent of
Descartes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*te"sian*ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
philosophy of Descartes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`tha*gin"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a
pertaining to ancient Carthage, a city of northern Africa.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Carthage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"tha*min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A red coloring matter obtained from the safflower, or
<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*thu"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>Cartusianus</i>, <i>Cartusiensis</i>, from the town of
<i>Chartreuse</i>, in France.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A member
of an exceeding austere religious order, founded at Chartreuse in
France by St. Bruno, in the year 1086.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*thu"sian</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the Carthusian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ti*lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cartilago</i>; cf. F. <i>cartilage</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
translucent, elastic tissue; gristle.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Cartilage</i> contains no vessels, and consists of a
homogeneous, intercellular matrix, in which there are numerous
minute cavities, or capsules, containing protoplasmic cells, the
cartilage corpuscul. See <i>Illust</i> under
<u>Duplication</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Articular cartilage</b></col>, <cd>cartilage that
lines the joints.</cd> -- <col><b>Cartilage bone</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>any bone formed by the ossification of
cartilage.</cd> -- <col><b>Costal cartilage</b></col>,
<cd>cartilage joining a rib with he sternum. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Thorax</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car`ti*la*gin"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cartilageneus</i>.] <def>See <u>Cartilaginous</u>.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car`ti*la*gin`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>cartilago</i>, <i>-laginis</i>, cartilage + <i>facere</i>
to make.] <def>The act or process of forming cartilage.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car`ti*lag"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cartilaginosus</i>: cf. F. <i>cartilagineux</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to cartilage; gristly;
firm and tough like cartilage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the
skeleton in the state of cartilage, the bones containing little
or no calcareous matter; said of certain fishes, as the sturgeon
and the sharks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cart"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<u>Cartmen</u> (&?;). <def>One who drives or uses a cart; a
teamster; a carter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*tog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who makes charts or maps.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car`to*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Car`to*graph"ic*al</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
cartography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`to*graph"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
cartography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cartographie</i>. See <u>Card</u>, and <u>-graphy</u>.]
<def>The art or business of forming charts or maps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"to*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cartomancie</i>. See <u>Card</u>, and <u>-mancy</u>.] <def>The
art of telling fortunes with cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ton</hw> (k&auml;r"t&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. See <u>Cartoon</u>.] <def>Pasteboard for paper boxes; also, a
pasteboard box.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Carton pierre</b></col> (&?;), <cd>a species of
<i>papier-mach&eacute;</i>, imitating stone or bronze
sculpture.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>carton</i>
(cf. It. <i>cartone</i> pasteboard, cartoon); fr. L.
<i>charta</i>. See 1st <u>card</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A design or study drawn of the full
size, to serve as a model for transferring or copying; -- used in
the making of mosaics, tapestries, fresco pantings and the like;
as, the <i>cartoons</i> of Raphael.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large pictorial sketch, as in a
journal or magazine; esp. a pictorial caricature; as, the
<i>cartoons</i> of "Puck."</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*toon"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled
in drawing cartoons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car*touch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cartouches</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>cartouche</i>, It.
<i>cartuccia</i>, <i>cartoccio</i>, cornet, cartouch, fr. L.
<i>charta</i> paper. See 1st <u>Card</u>, and cf.
<u>Cartridge</u>.] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
roll or case of paper, etc., holding a charge for a firearm; a
cartridge</def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A cartridge box.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A wooden case filled with balls, to be
shot from a cannon.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A gunner's bag
for ammunition</def>. <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A military pass
for a soldier on furlough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
cantalever, console, corbel, or modillion, which has the form of
a scroll of paper</def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tablet for
ornament, or for receiving an inscription, formed like a sheet of
paper with the edges rolled up; hence, any tablet of ornamental
form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Egyptian Antiq.)</i> <def>An oval
figure on monuments, and in papyri, containing the name of a
sovereign.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"tridge</hw> (k&auml;r"tr&ibreve;j),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly <i>cartrage</i>, corrupted fr. F.
<i>cartouche</i>. See <u>Cartouch</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
complete charge for a firearm, contained in, or held together by,
a case, capsule, or shell of metal, pasteboard, or other
material.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ball cartridge</b></col>, <cd>a cartridge containing a
projectile.</cd> -- <col><b>Blank cartridge</b></col>, <cd>a
cartridge without a projectile.</cd> -- <col><b>Center-fire
cartridge</b></col>, <cd>a cartridge in which the fulminate
occupies an axial position usually in the center of the base of
the capsule, instead of being contained in its rim. In the
Prussian needle gun the fulminate is applied to the middle of the
base of the bullet.</cd> -- <col><b>Rim-fire cartridge</b></col>,
<cd>a cartridge in which the fulminate is contained in a rim
surrounding its base.</cd> -- <col><b>Cartridge bag</b></col>,
<cd>a bag of woolen cloth, to hold a charge for a cannon.</cd> --
<col><b>Cartridge belt</b></col>, <cd>a belt having pockets for
cartridges.</cd> -- <col><b>Cartridge box</b></col>, <cd>a case,
usually of leather, attached to a belt or strap, for holding
cartridges.</cd> -- <col><b>Cartridge paper</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A thick stout paper for inclosing
cartridges.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A rough tinted paper
used for covering walls, and also for making drawings
upon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Car"tu*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cartularies</b></plw>. [LL. <i>cartularium</i>,
<i>chartularium</i>, fr. L. <i>charta</i> paper: cf. F.
<i>cartulaire</i>. See 1st <u>Card</u>.] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A register, or record, as of a
monastery or church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastical officer who had
charge of records or other public papers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cart"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A way or
road for carts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cart"wright`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cart</i> +
<i>wright</i>.] <def>An artificer who makes carts; a cart
maker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"u*cage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>carrucagium</i> (OF. <i>charuage</i>.), fr. LL. <i>carruca</i>
plow, fr. L. <i>carruca</i> coach.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Old Eng. Law.)</i> <def>A tax on every
plow or plowland.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of plowing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Car"u*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>carucata</i>, <i>carrucata</i>. See <u>Carucage</u>.] <def>A
plowland; as much land as one team can plow in a year and a day;
-- by some said to be about 100 acres.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car"un*cle</hw> (?), <hw>||Ca*run"cu*la</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>caruncula</i> a little piece of
flesh, dim. of <i>caro</i> flesh.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A small fleshy prominence or excrescence;
especially the small, reddish body, the <i>caruncula
lacrymalis</i>, in the inner angle of the eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An excrescence or
appendage surrounding or near the hilum of a seed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A naked, flesh
appendage, on the head of a bird, as the wattles of a turkey,
etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*run"cu*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Ca*run"cu*lous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or like, a caruncle;
furnished with caruncles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*run"cu*late</hw> (?), <hw>Ca*run"cu*la`ted</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a caruncle or caruncles;
caruncular.</def></p>

<p><! p. 222 !></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"rus</hw> (k&amacr;"r&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ka`ros</grk>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Coma with
complete insensibility; deep lethargy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"va*crol</hw> (k&auml;r"v&adot;*kr&omacr;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A thick oily liquid,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>13</sub>.OH, of a strong taste and
disagreeable odor, obtained from oil of caraway (<i>Carum
carui</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Carve</hw> (k&auml;rv), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Carved</u> (k&auml;rvd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Carving</u>.] [AS.
<i>ceorfan</i> to cut, carve; akin to D. <i>kerven</i>, G.
<i>kerben</i>, Dan. <i>karve</i>, Sw. <i>karfva</i>, and to Gr.
<grk>gra`fein</grk> to write, orig. to scratch, and E. <i>-
graphy</i>. Cf. <u>Graphic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cut.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Or they will <i>carven</i> the shepherd's
throat.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut, as wood, stone, or other
material, in an artistic or decorative manner; to sculpture; to
engrave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Carved</i> with figures strange and sweet.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make or shape by cutting,
sculpturing, or engraving; to form; as, to <i>carve</i> a name on
a tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An angel <i>carved</i> in stone.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>carved</i> not a line, and we raised not a
stone.<BR>
<i>C. Wolfe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cut into small pieces or slices, as
meat at table; to divide for distribution or apportionment; to
apportion.</def> "To <i>carve</i> a capon."  <i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cut: to hew; to mark as if by
cutting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My good blade <i>carved</i> the casques of
men.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A million wrinkles <i>carved</i> his skin.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To take or make, as by cutting; to
provide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who could easily have <i>carved</i> themselves
their own food.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To lay out; to contrive; to design; to
plan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lie ten nights awake <i>carving</i> the fashion of
a new doublet.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To carve out</b></col>, <cd>to make or get by cutting,
or as if by cutting; to cut out.</cd>  "[Macbeth] with his
brandished steel . . . <i>carved out</i> his passage."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fortunes were <i>carved out</i> of the property of
the crown.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Carve</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To exercise the trade of a sculptor or carver; to engrave or
cut figures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut up meat; as, to <i>carve</i>
for all the guests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Carve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A carucate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"vel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr.
<i>caravel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Same as
<u>Caravel</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A species of jellyfish; sea
blubber.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"vel*built</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>Having the planks meet flush at the
seams, instead of lapping as in a clinker-built vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"ven</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wrought by
carving; ornamented by carvings; carved.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>carven</i> bowl well wrought of beechen
tree.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>carven</i> cedarn doors.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A screen of <i>carven</i> ivory.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Car"vene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>carvi</i>
caraway.] <def>An oily substance, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>16</sub>,
extracted from oil caraway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Carv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who carves; one who shapes or fashions by carving, or as
by carving; esp. one who carves decorative forms, architectural
adornments, etc.</def> "The <i>carver's</i> chisel."
<i>Dodsley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>carver</i> of his fortunes.<BR>
<i>Sharp (Richardson's Dict. )</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who carves or divides meat at
table.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A large knife for carving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Carv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or art of one who carves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of decorative work cut in
stone, wood, or other material.</def> "<i>Carving</i> in wood."
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The whole body of decorative sculpture
of any kind or epoch, or in any material; as, the Italian
<i>carving</i> of the 15th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"vist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>carry fist</i>.] <i>(Falconary)</i> <def>A hawk which is of
proper age and training to be carried on the hand; a hawk in its
first year.</def>  <i>Booth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Car"vol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>One of a species of aromatic oils, resembling
carvacrol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car" wheel`</hw> (?), <def>A flanged wheel of a railway
car or truck.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car`y*at"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Car`y*at"id</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
caryatid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`y*at"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Caryatids</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Caryatides</u>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A draped female figure supporting an
entablature, in the place of a column or pilaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Car`y*at"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.,
fr. Gr. &?; (&?;) priestesses in the temple of Diana (the Greek
Artemis) at Cary&aelig; (Gr. &?;), a village in Laconia; as an
architectural term, caryatids.] <i>(Arch)</i>
<def>Caryatids.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Corresponding male figures were called <i>Atlantes</i>,
<i>Telamones</i>, and <i>Persians</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Car`y*o*phyl*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?; clove tree; &?; nut + &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having corollas of five petals with long
claws inclosed in a tubular, calyx, as the pink</def>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Belonging to the family of which the
pink and the carnation are the types.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`y*oph"yl*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A tasteless and odorless crystalline
substance, extracted from cloves, polymeric with common
camphor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`y*oph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Caryophyllaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`y*op"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Caryopses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. gr. &?; hut, kernel +
&?; sight, form.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A one-celled, dry,
indehiscent fruit, with a thin membranous pericarp, adhering
closely to the seed, so that fruit and seed are incorporated in
one body, forming a single grain, as of wheat, barley,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to case; as, a <i>casal</i>
ending.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"ca*bel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>cascabel</i> a little bell, also (fr. the shape), a knob at
the breech end of a cannon.] <def>The projection in rear of the
breech of a cannon, usually a knob or breeching loop connected
with the gun by a neck. In old writers it included all in rear of
the base ring. [See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Cannon</u>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas*cade"</hw> (k&abreve;s*k&amacr;d"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cascade</i>, fr. It. <i>cascata</i>,
fr. <i>cascare</i> to fall.] <def>A fall of water over a
precipice, as in a river or brook; a waterfall less than a
cataract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The silver brook . . . pours the white
<i>cascade</i>.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Now murm'ring soft, now roaring in
<i>cascade</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cas*cade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To fall in a cascade.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To vomit.</def> [Slang]
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cas*cal"ho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg., a chip
of stone, gravel.] <def>A deposit of pebbles, gravel, and
ferruginous sand, in which the Brazilian diamond is usually
found.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cas"ca*ra sa*gra"da</hw> (?). [Sp.] <def>Holy bark; the
bark of the California buckthorn (<i>Rhamnus Purshianus</i>),
used as a mild cathartic or laxative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas`ca*ril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Sp., small
thin bark, Peruvian bark, dim. of <i>c&aacute;scara</i> bark.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A euphorbiaceous West Indian shrub (<i>Croton
Eleutheria</i>); also, its aromatic bark.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cascarilla bark</b></col> (<i>or</i>
<col><b>Cascarilla</b></col>) <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the bark of
<i>Croton Eleutheria</i>.  It has an aromatic odor and a warm,
spicy, bitter taste, and when burnt emits a musky odor. It is
used as a gentle tonic, and sometimes, for the sake of its
fragrance, mixed with smoking tobacco, when it is said to
occasion vertigo and intoxication.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cas`ca*ril"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystallizable, bitter substance
extracted from oil of cascarilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Case</hw> (k&amacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>casse</i>, F. <i>caisse</i> (cf. It. <i>cassa</i>), fr. L.
<i>capsa</i> chest, box, case, fr. <i>capere</i> to take, hold.
See <u>Capacious</u>, and cf. 4th <u>Chase</u>, <u>Cash</u>,
<u>Enchase</u>, 3d <u>Sash</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A box, sheath, or covering; as, a
<i>case</i> for holding goods; a <i>case</i> for spectacles; the
<i>case</i> of a watch; the <i>case</i> (capsule) of a cartridge;
a <i>case</i> (cover) for a book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A box and its contents; the quantity
contained in a box; as, a <i>case</i> of goods; a <i>case</i> of
instruments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A shallow tray divided
into compartments or "boxes" for holding type.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Cases</i> for type are usually arranged in sets of
two, called respectively the <i>upper</i> and the <i>lower</i>
case. The <i>upper case</i> contains capitals, small capitals,
accented and marked letters, fractions, and marks of reference:
the <i>lower case</i> contains the small letters, figures, marks
of punctuation, quadrats, and spaces.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An inclosing frame; a casing; as, a
door <i>case</i>; a window <i>case</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A small fissure which
admits water to the workings.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Case</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Casing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover or protect with,
or as with, a case; to inclose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man who, <i>cased</i> in steel, had passed
whole days and nights in the saddle.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strip the skin from; as, to
<i>case</i> a box.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Case</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cas</i>, fr. L.
<i>casus</i>, fr. <i>cadere</i> to fall, to happen. Cf.
<u>Chance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Chance; accident; hap;
opportunity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By aventure, or sort, or <i>cas</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which befalls, comes, or happens;
an event; an instance; a circumstance, or all the circumstances;
condition; state of things; affair; as, a strange <i>case</i>; a
<i>case</i> of injustice; the <i>case</i> of the Indian
tribes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In any <i>case</i> thou shalt deliver him the
pledge.<BR>
<i>Deut. xxiv. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If the <i>case</i> of the man be so with his
wife.<BR>
<i>Matt. xix. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And when a lady's in the <i>case</i><BR>
You know all other things give place.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>You think this madness but a common
<i>case</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I am in <i>case</i> to justle a constable,<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med. &amp; Surg.)</i> <def>A patient under
treatment; an instance of sickness or injury; as, ten
<i>cases</i> of fever; also, the history of a disease or
injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A proper remedy in hypochondriacal
<i>cases</i>.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The matters of fact or
conditions involved in a suit, as distinguished from the
questions of law; a suit or action at law; a cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us consider the reason of the <i>case</i>, for
nothing is law that is not reason.<BR>
<i>Sir John Powell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Not one <i>case</i> in the reports of our
courts.<BR>
<i>Steele.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>One of the forms, or
the inflections or changes of form, of a noun, pronoun, or
adjective, which indicate its relation to other words, and in the
aggregate constitute its declension; the relation which a noun or
pronoun sustains to some other word.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Case</i> is properly a <i>falling off</i> from
the nominative or first state of word; the name for which,
however, is now, by extension of its signification, applied also
to the nominative.<BR>
<i>J. W. Gibbs.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Cases</i> other than the nominative are <i>oblique
cases</i>. <i>Case endings</i> are terminations by which certain
cases are distinguished. In old English, as in Latin, nouns had
several cases distinguished by <i>case endings</i>, but in modern
English only that of the possessive case is retained.</p>

<p><col><b>Action on the case</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>according to the old classification (now obsolete), was an
action for redress of wrongs or injuries to person or property
not specially provided against by law, in which the whole cause
of complaint was set out in the writ; -- called also <i>trespass
on the case</i>, or simply <i>case</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>All a
case</b></col>, <cd>a matter of indifference.</cd>  [Obs.] "It is
<i>all a case</i> to me." <i>L'Estrange.</i> -- <col><b>Case at
bar</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bar</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Case divinity</b></col>,
<cd>casuistry.</cd> -- <col><b>Case lawyer</b></col>, <cd>one
versed in the reports of cases rather than in the science of the
law.</cd> -- <col><b>Case</b></col> <col><b>stated or agreed
on</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a statement in writing of facts
agreed on and submitted to the court for a decision of the legal
points arising on them.</cd> -- <col><b>A hard case</b></col>,
<cd>an abandoned or incorrigible person.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>In any case</b></col>, <cd>whatever may be the state of
affairs; anyhow.</cd> -- <col><b>In case</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>In case that</b></col>, <cd>if; supposing that; in the
event or contingency; if it should happen that.</cd>  "<i>In
case</i> we are surprised, keep by me." <i>W. Irving.</i> --
<col><b>In good case</b></col>, <cd>in good condition, health, or
state of body.</cd> -- <col><b>To put a case</b></col>, <cd>to
suppose a hypothetical or illustrative case.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Situation, condition, state; circumstances;
plight; predicament; occurrence; contingency; accident; event;
conjuncture; cause; action; suit.</p>

<p><hw>Case</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To propose
hypothetical cases.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Casing</i> upon the matter."
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca`se*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cas&eacute;ation</i>. See <u>Casein</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
degeneration of animal tissue into a cheesy or curdy
mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Case"-bay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The space between two principals or
girders</def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the joists framed
between a pair of girders in naked flooring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Case"hard`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To subject to a process which converts
the surface of iron into steel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render insensible to good
influences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Case"hard`ened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the surface hardened, as iron
tools.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hardened against, or insusceptible to,
good influences; rendered callous by persistence in wrongdoing or
resistance of good influences; -- said of persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Case"hard`en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of converting the surface of iron into steel.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Casehardening</i> is now commonly effected by
cementation with charcoal or other carbonizing material, the
depth and degree of hardening (carbonization) depending on the
time during which the iron is exposed to the heat. See
<u>Cementation</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ca"se*ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cas&eacute;ique</i>, fr. L. <i>caseus</i> cheese.] <def>Of or
pertaining to cheese; as, <i>caseic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"se*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cas&eacute;ine</i>, fr. L. <i>caseur</i> cheese. Cf.
<u>Cheese</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A proteid substance
present in both the animal and the vegetable kingdom. In the
animal kingdom it is chiefly found in milk, and constitutes the
main part of the curd separated by rennet; in the vegetable
kingdom it is found more or less abundantly in the seeds of
leguminous plants. Its reactions resemble those of alkali
albumin.</def> [Written also <i>caseine</i>.]</p>

<p>
<hw>Case" knife`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A knife
carried in a sheath or case.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large table knife; -- so called from
being formerly kept in a <i>case</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Case"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>casemate</i>, fr. It. <i>casamatta</i>, prob. from <i>casa</i>
house + <i>matto</i>, f. <i>matta</i>, mad, weak, feeble, dim.
from the same source as E. <i>-mate</i> in <i>checkmate</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A bombproof chamber,
usually of masonry, in which cannon may be placed, to be fired
through embrasures; or one capable of being used as a magazine,
or for quartering troops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A hollow molding,
chiefly in cornices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Case"ma`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished
with, protected by, or built like, a casemate.</def>
<i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Case"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Shortened fr.
<i>encasement</i>. See <u>Incase 1st Case</u>, and cf.
<u>Incasement</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A window sash opening on
hinges affixed to the upright side of the frame into which it is
fitted. (Poetically) A window.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>casement</i> of the great chamber window.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Case"ment*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
casement or casements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"se*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caseus</i>. Cf. <u>Casein</u>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or
resembling, cheese; having the qualities of cheese;
cheesy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Caseous degeneration</b></col>, <cd>a morbid process,
in scrofulous or consumptive persons, in which the products of
inflammation are converted into a cheesy substance which is
neither absorbed nor organized.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca"sern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>caserne</i>.] <def>A lodging for soldiers in garrison towns,
usually near the rampart; barracks.</def>
<i>Bescherelle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Case" shot`</hw> (?). <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A collection of
small projectiles, inclosed in a case or canister.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States a <i>case shot</i> is a thin
spherical or oblong cast-iron shell containing musket balls and a
bursting charge, with a time fuse; -- called in Europe
<i>shrapnel</i>. In Europe the term <i>case shot</i> is applied
to what in the United States is called <i>canister</i>.
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"se*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caseus</i> cheese.] <def>Same as <u>Casein</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Case"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A worm or grub that makes for itself a
case. See <u>Caddice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>caisse</i>
case, box, cash box, cash. See <u>Case</u> a box.] <def>A place
where money is kept, or where it is deposited and paid out; a
money box.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This bank is properly a general <i>cash</i>, where
every man lodges his money.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>&pound;20,000 are known to be in her
<i>cash</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir R. Winwood.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Ready money; especially, coin or specie; but also applied to
bank notes, drafts, bonds, or any paper easily convertible into
money</def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Immediate or prompt payment
in current funds; as, to sell goods for <i>cash</i>; to make a
reduction in price for <i>cash</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cash account</b></col> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i>, <cd>an
account of money received, disbursed, and on hand.</cd> --
<col><b>Cash boy</b></col>, <cd>in large retail stores, a
messenger who carries the money received by the salesman from
customers to a cashier, and returns the proper change.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>Cash credit</b></col>, <cd>an account with a
bank by which a person or house, having given security for
repayment, draws at pleasure upon the bank to the extent of an
amount agreed upon; -- called also <i>bank credit</i> and <i>cash
account</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cash sales</b></col>, <cd>sales made
for ready, money, in distinction from those on which credit is
given; stocks sold, to be delivered on the day of
transaction.</cd>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Money; coin; specie; currency; capital.</p>

<p><hw>Cash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Casing</u>.] <def>To pay, or to receive, cash for; to exchange
for money; as, <i>cash</i> a note or an order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Cashier</u>.]
<def>To disband.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Garges.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cash</hw>, <pos><i>n.sing &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>A Chinese
coin.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>cash</i> (<i>Chinese tsien</i>) is the only
current coin made by the chinese government. It is a thin
circular disk of a very base alloy of copper, with a square hole
in the center. 1,000 to 1,400 <i>cash</i> are equivalent to a
dollar.</p>

<p><! p. 223 !></p>

<p><hw>Cash"book</hw> (k&abreve;sh"b&oocr;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i> <def>A book in which is
kept a register of money received or paid out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*shew"</hw> (k&adot;*sh&oomac;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>acajou</i>, for <i>cajou</i>, prob. from Malay
<i>k&amacr;yu</i> tree; cf. Pg. <i>acaju</i>, cf. <u>Acajou</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i>) of the
same family which the sumac. It is native in tropical America,
but is now naturalized in all tropical countries. Its fruit, a
kidney-shaped nut, grows at the extremity of an edible, pear-
shaped hypocarp, about three inches long.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cashew nut</b></col>, <cd>the large, kidney-shaped
fruit of the cashew, which is edible after the caustic oil has
been expelled from the shell by roasting the nut.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cash*ier"</hw> (k&abreve;sh*&emacr;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>caissier</i>, fr. <i>caisse</i>. See
<u>Cash</u>.] <def>One who has charge of money; a cash keeper;
the officer who has charge of the payments and receipts (moneys,
checks, notes), of a bank or a mercantile company.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cash*ier"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cahiered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cashiering</u>.] [Earlier <i>cash</i>, fr. F.
<i>casser</i> to break, annul, cashier, fr. L. <i>cassare</i>,
equiv. to <i>cassum reddere</i>, to annul; cf. G.
<i>cassiren</i>. Cf. <u>Quash</u> to annul, <u>Cass</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dismiss or discard; to discharge; to
dismiss with ignominy from military service or from an office or
place of trust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have <i>cashiered</i> several of their
followers.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He had insolence to <i>cashier</i> the captain of
the lord lieutenant's own body guard.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put away or reject; to
disregard.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Connections formed for interest, and
endeared</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By selfish views, [are] censured and
<i>cashiered</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They absolutely <i>cashier</i> the literal express
sense of the words.<BR>
<i>Sowth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cash*ier"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rejects, discards, or dismisses; as, a <i>cashierer</i> of
monarchs.</def> [R.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cash"mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rich stuff for shawls, scarfs, etc.,
originally made in Cashmere from the soft wool found beneath the
hair of the goats of Cashmere, Thibet, and the Himalayas. Some
cashmere, of fine quality, is richly embroidered for sale to
Europeans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dress fabric made of fine wool, or
of fine wool and cotton, in imitation of the original
cashmere.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cashmere shawl</b></col>, <cd>a rich and costly shawl
made of cashmere; -- often called <i>camel's-hair
shawl</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cash`me*rette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind
of dress goods, made with a soft and glossy surface like
cashmere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*shoo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cachou</i>,
NL. <u>catechu</u>, Cochin-Chin. <i>cay cau</i> from the tree
called <i>mimosa</i>, or <i>areca catechu</i>. Cf.
<u>Catechu</u>.] <def>See <u>Catechu</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of inclosing in, or covering with, a case
or thin substance, as plaster, boards, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An outside covering, for protection or
ornament, or to precent the radiation of heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An inclosing frame; esp. the framework
around a door or a window. See <u>Case</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"sings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Dried
dung of cattle used as fuel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*si"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Casinos</b></plw> (#), It. <plw><b>Casini</b></plw> (#).
[It. <i>casino</i>, dim. of <i>casa</i> house, fr. L. <i>casa</i>
cottage. Cf. <u>Cassing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
country house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A building or room used for meetings,
or public amusements, for dancing, gaming, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A game at cards. See
<u>Cassino</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cask</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>casco</i>
potsherd, skull, helmet, prob. fr. <i>cascar</i> to break, fr. L.
<i>Quassure</i> to break. Cf. <u>Casque</u>, <u>Cass</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Casque</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A barrel-shaped vessel made of staves
headings, and hoops, usually fitted together so as to hold
liquids. It may be larger or smaller than a barrel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The quantity contained in a
cask.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A casket; a small box for
jewels.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cask</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put into a
cask.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>casquet</i>, dim. of <i>casque</i> belmet, fr. Sp.
<i>casco</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small chest or box, esp.
of rich material or ornamental character, as for jewels,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The little <i>casket</i> bring me hither.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of burial case.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything containing or intended to
contain something highly esteemed</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The body.</def> (<i>Shak.</i>) <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
tomb.</def> (<i>Milton</i>). <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A book of
selections.</def> [poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>They found him dead . . . an empty
<i>casket</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cas"ket</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
gasket. See <u>Gasket</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"ket</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put into, or
preserve in, a casket.</def> [Poetic] "I have <i>casketed</i> my
treasure."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Casque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>casque</i>,
fr. Sp. <i>casco</i> See <u>Cask</u>.] <def>A piece of defensive
or ornamental armor (with or without a vizor) for the head and
neck; a helmet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>casque</i> overshadowed with brilliant
plumes.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cass</hw> (k&abreve;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>casser</i>, LL. <i>cassare</i>, fr. L. <i>cassus</i> empty,
hollow, and perhaps influenced by L. <i>quassare</i> to shake,
shatter, v. intens. of <i>quatere</i> to shake. Cf.
<u>Cashier</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Quash</u>,
<u>Cask</u>.] <def>To render useless or void; to quash; to annul;
to reject; to send away.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cas"sa*da</hw> (k&abreve;s"s&adot;*d&adot;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Cassava</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"sa*reep</hw> (-r&emacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
condiment made from the sap of the bitter cassava (<i>Manihot
utilissima</i>) deprived of its poisonous qualities, concentrated
by boiling, and flavored with aromatics. See <u>Pepper
pot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>cassare</i>. See <u>Cass</u>.] <def>To render void or useless;
to vacate or annul.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cas*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cassation</i>. See <u>Cass</u>.] <def>The act of
annulling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A general <i>cassation</i> of their
constitutions.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Court of cassation</b></col>, <cd>the highest court of
appeal in France, which has power to quash
(<itran>Casser</itran>) or reverse the decisions of the inferior
courts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cas"sa*va</hw> (k&abreve;s"s&adot;*v&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cassave</i>, Sp. <i>cazabe</i>, fr.
<i>kasabi</i>, in the language of Haiti.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A shrubby euphorbiaceous plant of the genus
<i>Manihot</i>, with fleshy rootstocks yielding an edible starch;
-- called also <i>manioc</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are two species, <i>bitter</i> and <i>sweet</i>,
from which the cassava of commerce is prepared in the West
Indies, tropical America, and Africa. The bitter (<i>Manihot
utilissima</i>) is the more important; this has a poisonous sap,
but by grating, pressing, and baking the root the poisonous
qualities are removed. The sweet (<i>M. Aipi</i>) is used as a
table vegetable.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A nutritious starch obtained from the
rootstocks of the cassava plant, used as food and in making
tapioca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"se Pa"per</hw> (?). [F. <i>papier cass&eacute;</i>.
See <u>Cass</u>.] <def>Broken paper; the outside quires of a
ream.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"se*role</hw> (#) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. a saucepan,
dim. from <i>casse</i> a basin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A small round dish with a handle, usually of
porcelain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A mold (in the shape
of a hollow vessel or incasement) of boiled rice, mashed potato
or paste, baked, and afterwards filled with vegetables or
meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"sia</hw> (k&abreve;sh"&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>cassia</i> and <i>casia</i>, Gr. <grk>kassi`a</grk> and
<grk>kasi`a</grk>; of Semitic origin; cf. Heb.
<i>qets&imacr;&amacr;h</i>, fr. <i>q&amacr;tsa'</i> to cut off,
to peel off.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
leguminous plants (herbs, shrubs, or trees) of many species, most
of which have purgative qualities. The leaves of several species
furnish the senna used in medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The bark of several species of
<i>Cinnamomum</i> grown in China, etc.; Chinese cinnamon.
It is imported as <i>cassia</i>, but commonly sold as cinnamon,
from which it differs more or less in strength and flavor, and
the amount of outer bark attached.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The medicinal "cassia" (<i>Cassia pulp</i>) is the
laxative pulp of the pods of a leguminous tree (<i>Cassia
fistula</i> or <i>Pudding-pipe tree</i>), native in the East
Indies but naturalized in various tropical countries.</p>

<p><col><b>Cassia bark</b></col>, <cd>the bark of
<i>Cinnamomum cassia</i>, etc. The coarser kinds are
called <i>Cassia lignea</i>, and are often used to adulterate
true cinnamon.</cd> -- <col><b>Cassia buds</b></col>, <cd>the
dried flower buds of several species of cinnamon (<i>Cinnamomum
cassia</i>, atc..).</cd> -- <col><b>Cassia oil</b></col>, <cd>oil
extracted from cassia bark and cassia buds; -- called also <i>oil
of cinnamon</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cas"si*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>cassicus</i> helmeted, fr. L. <i>cassis</i> a belmet.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American bird of the genus
<i>Cassicus</i>, allied to the starlings and orioles, remarkable
for its skillfully constructed and suspended nest; the crested
oriole. The name is also sometimes given to the piping crow, an
Australian bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas*sid"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Cassis</i> helmet.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Helmet-shaped; --
applied to a corolla having a broad, helmet-shaped upper petal,
as in aconite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"si*do*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>cassidonium</i>, F. <i>cassidoine</i>. See <u>Chalcedony</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The French lavender
(<i>Lavandula St&oelig;chas</i>)</def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The goldilocks <i>(Chrysocoma Linosyris)</i> and perhaps
other plants related to the genus <i>Gnaphalium</i> or
cudweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"si*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>casimir</i>, prob. of the same origin as E. <i>cashmere</i>.
Cf. <u>Kerseymere</u>.] <def>A thin, twilled, woolen cloth, used
for men's garments.</def> [Written also <i>kerseymere</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cas`si*nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>casinete</i>, G. <i>cassinet</i>.] <def>A cloth with a cotton
warp, and a woof of very fine wool, or wool and silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas*sin"i*an o"vals</hw> (?). <i>(Math.)</i> <def>See
under <u>Oval</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas*si"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>casino</i> a small house, a gaming house. See <u>casino</u>.]
<def>A game at cards, played by two or more persons, usually for
twenty-one points.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Great cassino</b></col>, <cd>the ten of diamonds.</cd>
-- <col><b>Little cassino</b></col>, <cd>the two of
spades.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cas"si*o*ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>cassine</i>, from the language of the Florida Indians.]
<def>The fruit of the <i>Viburnum obovatum</i>, a shrub which
grows from Virginia to Florida.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas`si*o*pe"ia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation of the northern
hemisphere, situated between Cepheus and Perseus; -- so called in
honor of the wife of Cepheus, a fabulous king of
Ethiopia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cassiopeia's Chair</b></col>, <cd>a group of six
stars, in Cassiopeia, somewhat resembling a chair.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cas*sit"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
tin.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native tin dioxide; tin stone; a mineral
occurring in tetragonal crystals of reddish brown color, and
brilliant adamantine luster; also massive, sometimes in compact
forms with concentric fibrous structure resembling wood (<i>wood
tin</i>), also in rolled fragments or pebbly (<i>Stream tin</i>).
It is the chief source of metallic tin. See <u>Black tin</u>,
under <u>Black</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"sius</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the name of
the discoverer, A. <i>Cassius</i>, a German physician of the 17th
centry.] <def>A brownish purple pigment, obtained by the action
of some compounds of tin upon certain salts of gold. It is used
in painting and staining porcelain and glass to give a beautiful
purple color. Commonly called <i>Purple of Cassius</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"sock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>casaque</i>, fr. It. <i>casacca</i>, perh. fr. L. <i>casa</i>
cottage, in It., house; or of Slavic origin.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long outer garment formerly worn by
men and women, as well as by soldiers as part of their
uniform.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A garment resembling a
long frock coat worn by the clergy of certain churches when
officiating, and by others as the usually outer
garment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"socked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clothed
with a cassock.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cas`so*lette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>a
box, or vase, with a perforated cover to emit perfumes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas`son*ade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>casson</i>, for <i>caisson</i> a large chest. This sugar comes
from Brazil in large chests.] <def>Raw sugar; sugar not
refined.</def>  <i>Mc Elrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cas"so*wa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cassowaries</b></plw> (#). [Malay <i>kasu&amacr;ri</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large bird, of the genus
<i>Casuarius</i>, found in the east Indies. It is smaller and
stouter than the ostrich. Its head is armed with a kind of helmet
of horny substance, consisting of plates overlapping each other,
and it has a group of long sharp spines on each wing which are
used as defensive organs. It is a shy bird, and runs with great
rapidity. Other species inhabit New Guinea, Australia,
etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cas`su*mu"nar</hw> (?), <hw>Cas`su*mu"ni*ar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A pungent,
bitter, aromatic, gingerlike root, obtained from the East
Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cast</hw> (k&adot;st), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cast</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Casting</u>.] [Cf. Dan. <i>kaste</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw.
<i>kasta</i>; perh. akin to L. <u>gerere</u> to bear, carry. E.
<i>jest</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To send or drive by force;
to throw; to fling; to hurl; to impel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Uzziah prepared . . . slings to <i>cast</i>
stones.<BR>
<i>2 Chron. xxvi. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cast</i> thy garment about thee, and follow
me.<BR>
<i>Acts. xii. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We must be <i>cast</i> upon a certain island.<BR>
<i>Acts. xxvii. 26.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To direct or turn, as the
eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How earnestly he <i>cast</i> his eyes upon me!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To drop; to deposit; as, to
<i>cast</i> a ballot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To throw down, as in wrestling.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To throw up, as a mound, or
rampart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thine enemies shall <i>cast</i> a trench [bank]
about thee.<BR>
<i>Luke xix. 48.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To throw off; to eject; to shed; to
lose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His filth within being <i>cast</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither shall your vine <i>cast</i> her fruit.<BR>
<i>Mal. iii. 11</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The creatures that <i>cast</i> the skin are the
snake, the viper, etc.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth prematurely; to
slink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy she-goats have not <i>cast</i> their
young.<BR>
<i>Gen. xxi. 38.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To throw out or emit; to exhale.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This . . . <i>casts</i> a sulphureous smell.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To cause to fall; to shed; to reflect;
to throw; as, to <i>cast</i> a ray upon a screen; to <i>cast</i>
light upon a subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To impose; to bestow; to
rest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The government I <i>cast</i> upon my brother.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cast</i> thy burden upon the Lord.<BR>
<i>Ps. iv. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To dismiss; to discard; to
cashier.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The state can not with safety <i>cast</i>
him.</blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To compute; to reckon; to calculate;
as, to <i>cast</i> a horoscope.</def> "Let it be <i>cast</i> and
paid."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>cast</i> the event of war, my noble
lord.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To contrive; to plan.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The cloister . . . had, I doubt not, been
<i>cast</i> for [an orange-house].<BR>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>To defeat in a lawsuit; to decide
against; to convict; as, to be <i>cast</i> in damages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She was <i>cast</i> to be hanged.<BR>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Were the case referred to any competent judge,
they would inevitably be <i>cast</i>.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>To turn (the balance or scale); to
overbalance; hence, to make preponderate; to decide; as, a
<i>casting</i> voice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How much interest <i>casts</i> the balance in
cases dubious!<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>To form into a particular shape, by
pouring liquid metal or other material into a mold; to fashion;
to found; as, to <i>cast</i> bells, stoves, bullets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To stereotype or
electrotype.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <def>To fix, distribute, or allot, as the
parts of a play among actors; also to assign (an actor) for a
part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our parts in the other world will be new
<i>cast</i>.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To cast anchor</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Anchor</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast a horoscope</b></col>,
<cd>to calculate it.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast a</b></col>
<col><b>horse, sheep</b></col>, or other animal, <cd>to throw
with the feet upwards, in such a manner as to prevent its rising
again.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast a shoe</b></col>, <cd>to throw off
or lose a shoe, said of a horse or ox.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast
aside</b></col>, <cd>to throw or push aside; to neglect; to
reject as useless or inconvenient.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast
away</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To throw away; to lavish;
to waste.</cd> "<i>Cast away</i> a life" <i>Addison.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To reject; to let perish.</cd>  "<i>Cast
away</i> his people." <i>Rom. xi. 1.</i> "<i>Cast</i> one
<i>away</i>." <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To wreck.</cd>
"<i>Cast away</i> and sunk." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To cast
by</b></col>, <cd>to reject; to dismiss or discard; to throw
away.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast down</b></col>, <cd>to throw down;
to destroy; to deject or depress, as the mind.</cd>  "Why art
thou <i>cast down</i>. O my soul?" <i>Ps. xiii. 5.</i> --
<col><b>To cast forth</b></col>, <cd>to throw out, or eject, as
from an inclosed place; to emit; to send out.</cd> -- <col><b>To
cast in one's lot with</b></col>, <cd>to share the fortunes
of.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast in one's teeth</b></col>, <cd>to
upbraid or abuse one for; to twin.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast
lots</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Lot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast
off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To discard or reject; to
drive away; to put off; to free one's self from.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Hunting)</i> <cd>To leave behind, as
dogs; also, to set loose, or free, as dogs.</cd> <i>Crabb.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To untie, throw off, or
let go, as a rope.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast off copy</b></col>,
<i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>to estimate how much printed matter a given
amount of copy will make, or how large the page must be in order
that the copy may make a given number of pages.</cd> --
<col><b>To cast one's self</b></col> <col><b>on or upon</b></col>
<cd>to yield or submit one's self unreservedly to, as to the
mercy of another.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast out</b></col>, <cd>to
throw out; to eject, as from a house; to cast forth; to expel; to
utter.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast the lead</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to sound by dropping the lead to the bottom.</cd> --
<col><b>To cast the water</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>to examine
the urine for signs of disease.</cd> [Obs.]. -- <col><b>To cast
up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To throw up; to raise.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To compute; to reckon, as the cost.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To vomit.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To
twit with; to throw in one's teeth.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 224 !></p>

<p><hw>Cast</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To throw, as a line in angling, esp, with a fly
hook.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To turn the head of a
vessel around from the wind in getting under weigh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Weigh anchor, <i>cast</i> to starboard.<BR>
<i>Totten.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To consider; to turn or revolve in the
mind; to plan; as, to <i>cast</i> about for reasons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She . . . <i>cast</i> in her mind what manner of
salution this should be.<BR>
<i>Luke. i. 29.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To calculate; to compute.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who would <i>cast</i> and balance at a desk.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To receive form or shape in a
mold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It will not run thin, so as to <i>cast</i> and
mold.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To warp; to become twisted out of
shape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stuff is said to <i>cast</i> or warp when . . . it
alters its flatness or straightness.<BR>
<i>Moxon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To vomit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These verses . . . make me ready to
<i>cast</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cast</hw>, <def><pos><i>3d pres.</i></pos> of <u>Cast</u>,
for <i>Casteth</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cast</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel., Dan., &amp; Sw.
<i>kast</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of casting or
throwing; a throw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing thrown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>cast</i> of dreadful dust.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The distance to which a thing is or
can be thrown.</def> "About a stone's <i>cast</i>."  <i>Luke
xxii. 41.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A throw of dice; hence, a chance or
venture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An even <i>cast</i> whether the army should march
this way or that way.<BR>
 <i>Sowth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I have set my life upon a <i>cast</i>,<BR>
And I will stand the hazard of the die.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is throw out or off, shed,
or ejected; as, the skin of an insect, the refuse from a hawk's
stomach, the excrement of a earthworm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The act of casting in a
mold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And why such daily <i>cast</i> of brazen
cannon.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An impression or mold, taken from a
thing or person; amold; a pattern.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>That which is formed in a mild; esp. a
reproduction or copy, as of a work of art, in bronze or plaster,
etc.; a casting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Form; appearence; mien; air; style;
as, a peculiar <i>cast</i> of countenance.</def>  "A neat
<i>cast</i> of verse." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An heroic poem, but in another <i>cast</i> and
figure.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And thus the native hue of resolution<BR>
Is sicklied o'er with the pale <i>cast</i> of thought.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A tendency to any color; a tinge; a
shade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gray with a <i>cast</i> of green.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A chance, opportunity, privilege, or
advantage; specifically, an opportunity of riding; a lift.</def>
[Scotch]</p>

<p><blockquote>We bargained with the driver to give us a
<i>cast</i> to the next stage.<BR>
<i>Smollett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If we had the <i>cast</i> o' a cart to bring
it.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>The assignment of parts in a play to
the actors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Falconary)</i> <def>A flight or a
couple or set of hawks let go at one time from the hand.</def>
<i>Grabb.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As when a <i>cast</i> of falcons make their
flight.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>A stoke, touch, or trick.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This was a <i>cast</i> of Wood's politics; for his
information was wholly false.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>A motion or turn, as of the eye;
direction; look; glance; squint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cast</i> of the eye is a gesture of
aversion.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And let you see with one <i>cast</i> of an
eye.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This freakish, elvish <i>cast</i> came into the
child's eye.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>A tube or funnel for conveying metal
into a mold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>Four; that is, as many as are thrown
into a vessel at once in counting herrings, etc; a
warp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <def>Contrivance; plot, design.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A cast of the eye</b></col>, <cd>a slight squint or
strabismus.</cd> -- <col><b>Renal cast</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>microscopic bodies found in the urine of persons affected
with disease of the kidneys; -- so called because they are formed
of matter deposited in, and preserving the outline of, the renal
tubes.</cd> -- <col><b>The last cast</b></col>, <cd>the last
throw of the dice or last effort, on which every thing is
ventured; the last chance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cas*ta"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Castalius</i>] <def>Of or pertaining to Castalia, a mythical
fountain of inspiration on Mt. Parnassus sacred to the
Muses.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cas*ta"ne*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
chestnut, fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of nut-bearing
trees or shrubs including the chestnut and chinquapin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"ta*net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Castanets</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"ta*nets</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>castagnettes</i>, Sp. <i>casta&ntilde;etas</i>, fr. L.
<i>castanea</i> (Sp. <i>casta&ntilde;a</i>) a chestnut. So named
from the resemblance to two chestnuts, or because chestnuts were
first used for castanets. See <u>Chestnut</u>.] <def>Two small,
concave shells of ivory or hard wood, shaped like spoons,
fastened to the thumb, and beaten together with the middle
finger; -- used by the Spaniards and Moors as an accompaniment to
their dance and guitars.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The singular, <i>castanet</i>, is used of <i>one</i> of
the pair, or, sometimes, of the pair forming the instrument.</p>

<p><blockquote>The dancer, holding a <i>castanet</i> in each
hand, rattles then to the motion of his feet.<BR>
<i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cast"a*way</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, is cast away or
shipwrecked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is ruined; one who has made
moral shipwreck; a reprobate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest . . . <i>when I have preached to others</i>,
<i>I myself should be a castaway</i>.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. ix. 27.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cast"a*way</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of no value;
rejected; useless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caste</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>casta</i>
race, lineage, fr. L. <i>castus</i> pure, chaste: cf. F.
<i>caste</i>, of same origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the
hereditary classes into which the Hindoos are divided according
to the laws of Brahmanism.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The members of the same caste are theoretically of
equal rank, and same profession or occupation, and may not eat or
intermarry with those not of their own caste. The original are
four, viz., the <i>Brahmans</i>, or sacerdotal order; the
<i>Kshatriyas</i>, or soldiers and rulers; the <i>Vaisyas</i>, or
husbandmen and merchants; and the <i>Sudras</i>, or laborers and
mechanics.  Men of no caste are <i>Pariahs</i>, outcasts.
Numerous mixed classes, or <i>castes</i>, have sprung up in the
progress of time.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A separate and fixed order or class of
persons in society who chiefly hold intercourse among
themselves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tinkers then formed an hereditary
<i>caste</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To lose caste</b></col>, <cd>to be degraded from the
caste to which one has belonged; to lose social position or
consideration.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tel*lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>castelain</i>, F. <i>ch&acirc;telain</i>, L.
<i>castellanus</i> pertaining to a castle, an occupant of a
caste, LL., a governor of a castle, fr. L. <i>castellum</i>
castle, citadel, dim. of <i>castrum</i> fortified place. See
<u>Castle</u>, and cf. <u>Chatelaine</u>.] <def>A governor or
warden of a castle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tel*la*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Castellanies</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>castellania</i>.]
<def>The lordship of a castle; the extent of land and
jurisdiction appertaining to a castle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tel*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>castellatus</i>, fr. <i>castellare</i>. See <u>Castle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclosed within a building; as, a
fountain or cistern <i>castellated</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Furnished with turrets and
battlements, like a castle; built in the style of a
castle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas`tel*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>castellation</i>, fr. <i>castellare</i>, fr. L.
<i>castellum</i>. See <u>Castle</u>.] <def>The act of making into
a castle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cast"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who casts; as, <i>caster</i> of stones, etc. ; a
<i>caster</i> of cannon; a <i>caster</i> of accounts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vial, cruet, or other small vessel,
used to contain condiments at the table; as, a set of
<i>casters</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stand to hold a set of
cruets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small wheel on a swivel, on which
furniture is supported and moved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"ti*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Castigated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Castigating</u>.] [L. <i>castigatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>castigare</i> to correct, punish; <i>castus</i> pure,
chaste + <i>agere</i> to move, drive. See <u>Caste</u>, and cf.
<u>Chasten</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To punish by stripes; to
chastise by blows; to chasten; also, to chastise verbally; to
reprove; to criticise severely.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To emend; to correct.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cas`ti*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>catigatio</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Corrective punishment; chastisement;
reproof; pungent criticism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The keenest <i>castigation</i> of her
slanderers.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Emendation; correction.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cas`ti*ga"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who castigates or corrects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas`ti*ga*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>castigatorius</i>.] <def>Punitive in order to amendment;
corrective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"ti*ga*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
instrument formerly used to punish and correct arrant scolds; --
called also a <i>ducking stool</i>, or <i>trebucket</i>.</def>
<i>Blacktone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tile soap`</hw> (?). [From <i>Castile</i>, or
<i>Castilia</i>, a province in Spain, from which it originally
came.] <def>A kind of fine, hard, white or mottled soap, made
with olive oil and soda; also, a soap made in imitation of the
above-described soap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas*til"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>castellano</i>, from <i>Castila</i>, NL. <i>Castilia</i>,
<i>Castella</i>. Castile, which received its name from the
castles erected on the frontiers as a barrier against the Moors.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant or native of Castile, in
Spain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Spanish language as spoken in
Castile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas*til"lan</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Castile, in Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cast"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who casts or throws, as in fishing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of making casts or
impressions, or of shaping metal or plaster in a mold; the act or
the process of pouring molten metal into a mold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is cast in a mold; esp. the
mass of metal so cast; as, a <i>casting</i> in iron; bronze
<i>casting</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The warping of a board.</def>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of casting off, or that which
is cast off, as skin, feathers, excrement, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Casting of draperies</b></col>, <cd>the proper
distribution of the folds of garments, in painting and
sculpture.</cd> -- <col><b>Casting line</b></col>
<i>(Fishing)</i>, <cd>the leader; also, sometimes applied to the
long reel line.</cd> -- <col><b>Casting net</b></col>, <cd>a net
which is cast and drawn, in distinction from a net that is set
and left.</cd> -- <col><b>Casting voice</b></col>,
<col><b>Casting vote</b></col>, <cd>the decisive vote of a
presiding officer, when the votes of the assembly or house are
equally divided.</cd> "When there was an equal vote, the governor
had the <i>casting voice</i>." <i>B. Trumbull.</i> --
<col><b>Casting weight</b></col>, <cd>a weight that turns a
balance when exactly poised.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cast" i`ron</hw> (?). <def>Highly carbonized iron, the
direct product of the blast furnace; -- used for making castings,
and for conversion into wrought iron and steel. It can not be
welded or forged, is brittle, and sometimes very hard. Besides
carbon, it contains sulphur, phosphorus, silica, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cast"-i`ron</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of cast
iron. Hence, Fig.: like cast iron; hardy; unyielding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>castel</i>,
fr. L. <i>castellum</i>, dim. of <i>castrum</i> a fortified
place, castle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fortified residence,
especially that of a prince or nobleman; a fortress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The house of every one is to him <i>castle</i> and
fortress, as well for his defense againts injury and violence, as
for his repose.<BR>
<i>Coke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>castle's</i> strength<BR>
Will laugh a siege to scorn.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; Originally the medi&aelig;val <i>castle</i> was a
single strong tower or keep, with a palisaded inclosure around it
and inferior buidings, such as stables and the like, and
surrounded by a moat; then such a keep or donjon, with courtyards
or baileys and accessory buildings of greater elaboration a great
hall and a chapel, all surrounded by defensive walls and a moat,
with a drawbridge, etc. Afterwards the name was retained by large
dwellings that had formerly been fortresses, or by those which
replaced ancient fortresses.</p>

<p><i>A</i> Donjon or Keep, an irregular building containing the
dwelling of the lord and his family; <i>B C</i> Large round
towers ferming part of the donjon and of the exterior; <i>D</i>
Square tower, separating the two inner courts and forming part of
the donjon; <i>E</i> Chapel, whose apse forms a half-round tower,
<i>F</i>, on the exterior walls; <i>G H</i> Round towers on the
exterior walls; <i>K</i> Postern gate, reached from outside by a
removable fight of steps or inclined plane for hoisting in
stores, and leading to a court, <i>L</i> (see small digagram)
whose pavement is on a level with the sill of the postern, but
below the level of the larger court, with which it communicates
by a separately fortified gateway; <i>M</i> Turret, containing
spiral stairway to all the stories of the great tower, <i>B</i>,
and serving also as a station for signal fire, banner, etc.;
<i>N</i> Turret with stairway for tower, <i>C</i>; <i>O</i>
Echauguettes; <i>P P P</i> Battlemants consisting of merlons and
crenels alternately, the merlons being pierced by loopholes; <i>Q
Q</i> Machicolations (those at <i>Q</i> defend the postern
<i>K</i>); <i>R</i> Outwork defending the approach, which is a
road ascending the hill and passing under all four faces of the
castle; <i>S S</i> Wall of the outer bailey. The road of approach
enters the bailey at <i>T</i> and passes thence into the castle
by the main entrance gateway (which is in the wall between, and
defended by the towers, <i>C H</i>) and over two drawbridges and
through fortified passages to the inner court.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any strong, imposing, and stately
mansion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small tower, as on a ship, or an
elephant's back.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece, made to represent a castle,
used in the game of chess; a rook.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Castle in the air</b></col>, <cd>a visionary project;
a baseless scheme; an air castle; -- sometimes called a <i>castle
in Spain</i> (F. <i>Ch&acirc;teau en Espagne</i>).</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fortress; fortification; citadel; stronghold.
See <u>Fortress</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cas"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Castled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Castling</u> (?).] <i>(Chess)</i> <def>To move
the castle to the square next to king, and then the king around
the castle to the square next beyond it, for the purpose of
covering the king.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tle*build`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fig.:
one who builds castles in the air or forms visionary
schemes.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cas"tle*build`ing</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
castle or castles; supporting a castle; as, a <i>castled</i>
height or crag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fortified; turreted; as,
<i>castled</i> walls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tle-guard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The guard or defense of a
castle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A tax or
imposition an a dwelling within a certain distance of a castle,
for the purpose of maintaining watch and ward in it; castle-
ward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A feudal tenure, obliging the tenant
to perform service within the realm, without limitation of
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tle*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>castelerie</i>. See <u>Castle</u>.] <def>The government of a
castle.</def>  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tlet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
castle.</def>  <i>Leland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tle*ward`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Castleguard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cast"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
is cast or brought forth prematurely; an abortion.</def>  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chess)</i>
<def>A compound move of the king and castle. See <u>Castle</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Cast"-off`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cast or
laid aside; as, <i>cast-off</i> clothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>castor</i>
the beaver, Gr. &?;; of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of rodents, including the
beaver. See <u>Beaver</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Castoreum. See
<u>Castoreum</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hat, esp. one made of beaver fur; a
beaver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have always been known for the jaunty manner in
which I wear my <i>castor</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A heavy quality of broadcloth for
overcoats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cast"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caster</u>, a small wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>the northernmost of the two bright stars in
the constellation Gemini, the other being Pollux.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cas"tor</hw>, <hw>Cas"tor*ite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The minerals <i>castor</i> and
<i>pollux</i> were so named because found <i>together</i> on the
island of Elba. See <u>Castor and Pollux</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A variety of the mineral called petalite, from
Elba.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tor and Pol"lux</hw> (?). [<i>Castor</i> and
<i>Pollux</i> were twin sons of Jupiter and Leda.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <i>Saint Elmo's fire</i>, under <u>Saint</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tor bean`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The bean or
seed of the castor-oil plant (<i>Ricinus communis</i>, or
<i>Palma Christi</i>.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas*to"re*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Castor</u>.] <def>A peculiar bitter orange-brown substance,
with strong, penetrating odor, found in two sacs between the anus
and external genitals of the beaver; castor; -- used in medicine
as an antispasmodic, and by perfumers.</def></p>

<p><! p. 225 !></p>

<p><hw>Cas"to*rin</hw> (k&abreve;s"t&osl;*r&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 1st <u>Castor</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white crystalline substance obtained from
castoreum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"tor oil</hw> (k&abreve;s"t&etilde;r oil`). <def>A mild
cathartic oil, expressed or extracted from the seeds of the
<i>Ricinus communis</i>, or <i>Palma Christi</i>. When fresh the
oil is inodorous and insipid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Castor-oil plant</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Palma
Christi</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cas`tra*me*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>castram&eacute;tation</i>, fr. L. <i>castra</i> camp +
<i>metari</i> to measure off, fr. <i>meta</i> limit.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The art or act of encamping; the making or
laying out of a camp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Castrated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Castrating</u>.] [L. <i>castrarus</i>, p; p. of
<i>castrare</i> to castrate, asin to Skr. <i>&ccedil;astra</i>
knife.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the testicles; to
emasculate; to geld; to alter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut or take out; esp. to remove
anything erroneous, or objectionable from, as the obscene parts
of a writing; to expurgate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My . . . correspondent . . . has sent me the
following letter, which I have <i>castrated</i> in some
places.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cas*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>castratio</i>; cf. F. <i>castration</i>.] <def>The act of
castrating.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cas*tra"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., properly
p. p. of <i>castrare</i>. See <u>Castrate</u>.] <def>A male
person castrated for the purpose of improving his voice for
singing; an artificial, or male, soprano.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cas"trel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cr&eacute;cerelle</i>, <i>cristel</i>, OF. <i>crecel</i>,
<i>cercele</i>. Cf. <u>Kestrel</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Kestrel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas*tren"sial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>castrensis</i>, fr. <i>castra</i> camp.] <def>Belonging to a
camp.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cas*tren"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Castrensial.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cast" steel`</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Cast steel</i>, under
<u>Steel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>casuel</i>, F. <i>casuel</i>, fr. L. <i>casualis</i>, fr.
<i>casus</i> fall, accident, fr. <i>cadere</i> to fall. See
<u>Case</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Happening or coming to pass
without design, and without being foreseen or expected;
accidental; fortuitous; coming by chance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Casual</i> breaks, in the general system.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coming without regularity; occasional;
incidental; as, <i>casual</i> expenses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A constant habit, rather than a <i>casual</i>
gesture.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Accidental; fortutious; incidental; occasional;
contingent; unforeseen. See <u>Accidental</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cas"u*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who receives
relief for a night in a parish to which he does not belong; a
vagrant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"u*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine that all things exist or are controlled by
chance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"u*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes in casualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"u*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
design; accidentally; fortuitously; by chance;
occasionally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"u*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being casual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"u*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Casualties</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>casualit&eacute;</i>,
LL. <i>casualitas</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which comes
without design or without being foreseen; contingency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Losses that befall them by mere
<i>casualty</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any injury of the body from accident;
hence, death, or other misfortune, occasioned by an accident; as,
an unhappy <i>casualty</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mil. &amp; Naval)</i>
<def>Numerical loss caused by death, wounds, discharge, or
desertion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Casualty ward</b></col>, <cd>A ward in a hospital
devoted to the treatment of injuries received by
accident.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Accident; contingency; fortuity;
misfortune.</p>

<p><hw>||Cas`u*a*ri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
supposed to be named from the resemblance of the twigs to the
feathers of the cassowary, of the genus <i>Casuarius</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of leafless trees or shrubs, with
drooping branchlets of a rushlike appearance, mostly natives of
Australia. Some of them are large, producing hard and heavy
timber of excellent quality, called <i>beefwood</i> from its
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"u*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>casus</i>
fall, case; cf. F. <i>casuiste</i>. See <u>Casual</u>.] <def>One
who is skilled in, or given to, casuistry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The judment of any <i>casuist</i> or learned
divine concerning the state of a man's soul, is not sufficient to
give him confidence.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cas"u*ist</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the
casuist.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cas`u*is"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Cas`u*is"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to casuists or
casuistry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"u*ist*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science or doctrine of dealing with
cases of conscience, of resolving questions of right or wrong in
conduct, or determining the lawfulness or unlawfulness of what a
man may do by rules and principles drawn from the Scriptures,
from the laws of society or the church, or from equity and
natural reason; the application of general moral rules to
particular cases.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The consideration of these nice and puzzling
question in the science of ethics has given rise, in modern
times, to a particular department of it, distinguished by the
title of <i>casuistry</i>.<BR>
<i>Stewart.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Casuistry</i> in the science of cases (i.e.,
oblique deflections from the general rule).<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sophistical, equivocal, or false
reasoning or teaching in regard to duties, obligations, and
morals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>An
event; an occurrence; an occasion; a combination of
circumstances; a case; an act of God. See the Note under
<u>Accident</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Casus belli</b></col>, <cd>an event or combination of
events which is a cause war, or may be alleged as a justification
of war.</cd> -- <col><b>Casus fortuitus</b></col>, <cd>an
accident against which due prudence could not have provided. See
<i>Act of God</i>, under <u>Act</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Casus
omissus</b></col>, <cd>a case not provided for by the
statute.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cat</hw> (k&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cat</i>; akin to D. &amp; Dan. <i>kat</i>, Sw. <i>katt</i>, Icel.
<i>k&ouml;ttr</i>, G. <i>katze</i>, <i>kater</i>, Ir. <i>cat</i>,
W. <i>cath</i>, Armor. <i>kaz</i>, LL. <i>catus</i>, Bisc.
<i>catua</i>, NGr. <grk>ga`ta</grk>, <grk>ga`tos</grk>, Russ. &
Pol. <i>kot</i>, Turk. <i>kedi</i>, Ar. <i>qitt</i>; of unknown
origin. Cf. <u>Kitten</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal of various species of the
genera <i>Felis</i> and <i>Lynx</i>. The domestic cat is <i>Felis
domestica</i>. The European wild cat (<i>Felis catus</i>) is much
larger than the domestic cat. In the United States the name
<i>wild cat</i> is commonly applied to the bay lynx (<i>Lynx
rufus</i>) See <u>Wild cat</u>, and <u>Tiger cat</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The domestic cat includes many varieties named from
their place of origin or from some peculiarity; as, the <i>Angora
cat</i>; the <i>Maltese cat</i>; the <i>Manx cat</i>.</p>

<p>The word <i>cat</i> is also used to designate other animals,
from some fancied resemblance; as, civet <i>cat</i>, fisher
<i>cat</i>, <i>cat</i>bird, <i>cat</i>fish shark, sea
<i>cat</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
strong vessel with a narrow stern, projecting quarters, and deep
waist. It is employed in the coal and timber trade.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A strong tackle used to draw an anchor
up to the cathead of a ship.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A double tripod (for holding a plate,
etc.), having six feet, of which three rest on the ground, in
whatever position it is placed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An old game; <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The
game of tipcat and the implement with which it is played. See
<u>Tipcat</u>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A game of ball, called,
according to the number of batters, <i>one old cat</i>, <i>two
old cat</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A cat o' nine tails. See
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angora cat</b></col>, <col><b>blind cat</b></col>,
<cd>See under <u>Angora</u>, <u>Blind</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black
cat</b></col> <cd>the fisher. See under <u>Black</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cat and dog</b></col>, <cd>like a cat and dog;
quarrelsome; inharmonious.</cd>  "I am sure we have lived a
<i>cat and dog</i> life of it." <i>Coleridge.</i> -- <col><b>Cat
block</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a heavy iron-strapped block
with a large hook, part of the tackle used in drawing an anchor
up to the cathead.</cd> -- <col><b>Cat hook</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a strong hook attached to a cat block.</cd> -
- <col><b>Cat nap</b></col>, <cd>a very short sleep.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>Cat o' nine tails</b></col>, <cd>an
instrument of punishment consisting of nine pieces of knotted
line or cord fastened to a handle; -- formerly used to flog
offenders on the bare back.</cd> -- <col><b>Cat's
cradle</b></col>, <cd>game played, esp. by children, with a
string looped on the fingers so, as to resemble small cradle. The
string is transferred from the fingers of one to those of
another, at each transfer with a change of form. See
<u>Cratch</u>, <u>Cratch cradle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To let the
cat out of the bag</b></col>, <cd>to tell a secret, carelessly or
willfully.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Bush cat</b></col>, <cd>the
serval. See <u>Serval</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>tted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Catting</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To bring to the cathead; as,
to <i>cat</i> an anchor. See <u>Anchor</u>.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>kata`</grk>.] <def>The Latin and
English form of a Greek preposition, used as a prefix to signify
<i>down</i>, <i>downward</i>, <i>under</i>, <i>against</i>,
<i>contrary</i> or <i>opposed to</i>, <i>wholly</i>,
<i>completely</i>; as in <i>cata</i>clysm, <i>cata</i>rrh. It
sometimes drops the final vowel, as in <i>cato</i>ptric; and is
sometimes changed to <i>cath</i>, as in <i>cath</i>artic,
<i>cath</i>olic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*bap"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>cata + aptist</i>. See <u>Baptist</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>One who opposes baptism, especially of infants.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Featley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cat`a*ba"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>kataba`sion</grk>.] <def>A vault under altar of a Greek
church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*bi*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
under <u>Force</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*caus"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>cata + caustic</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Relating to, or
having the properties of, a caustic curve formed by reflection.
See <u>Caustic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def>
<i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*caus"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>A caustic curve formed by reflection of light.</def>
<i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*chre"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. fr. Gr.
&?; misuse, fr. &?; to misuse; <grk>kata`</grk> against + &?; to
use.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by which one word is wrongly
put for another, or by which a word is wrested from its true
signification; as, "To take arms against a sea of troubles".
<i>Shak.</i> "Her voice was but the shadow of a sound."
<i>Young.</i></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cat`a*chres"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Cat`a*chres"tic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to, or in the manner
of, a catachresis; wrested from its natural sense or form;
forced; far-fetched.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cat`a*chres"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>[A] <i>catachrestical</i> and improper way of
speaking.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*clysm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cataclysmos</i>, Gr. <grk>kataklysmo`s</grk>, from &?; to dash
over, inundate; <grk>kata`</grk> downward, against + &?; to wash
or dash over: cf. F. <i>cataclysme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An extensive overflow or sweeping flood of water; a
deluge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Any violent
catastrophe, involving sudden and extensive changes of the
earth's surface.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cat`a*clys"mal</hw> (?), <hw>Cat`a*clys"mic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
cataclysm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*clys"mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who believes that the most important geological phenomena have
been produced by cataclysms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*comb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>catacomba</i>, fr. L. <i>catacumba</i> perh. from Gr.
<grk>kata`</grk> downward, down + <grk>ky`mbh</grk> cavity.]
<def>A cave, grotto, or subterraneous place of large extent used
for the burial of the dead; -- commonly in the plural.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The terms is supposed to have been applied originally
to the tombs under the church of St. Sebastian in Rome. The most
celebrated catacombs are those near Rome, on the Appian Way,
supposed to have been the place or refuge and interment of the
early Christians; those of Egypt, extending for a wide distance
in the vicinity of Cairo; and those of Paris, in abandoned stone
quarries, excavated under a large portion of the city.</p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*cous"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>cata</i> + <i>acoustics</i>: cf. F. <i>caraconstique</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>That part of acoustics which treats of
reflected sounds or echoes See <u>Acoustics</u>.</def>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cat`a*di*op"tric</hw> (?), <hw>Cat`a*di*op"tric*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>cata</i> + <i>dioptric</i>:
cf. F. <i>catadioptrique</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, produced by, or involving, both the reflection and refraction
of light; as, a <i>catadioptric</i> light.</def>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*di*op"trics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
science which treats of catadioptric phenomena, or of the used of
catadioptric instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*drome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kata`dromos</grk> race course; <grk>kata`</grk> down +
<grk>dro`mos</grk> course.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A race
course.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A machine for raising
or lowering heavy weights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*tad"ro*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kata`</grk> down + <grk>dro`mos</grk> a running.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the lowest inferior
segment of a pinna nearer the rachis than the lowest superior
one; -- said of a mode of branching in ferns, and opposed to
<i>anadromous</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Living in fresh
water, and going to the sea to spawn; -- opposed to
<i>anadromous</i>, and said of the eel.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cat`a*fal"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<def>See <u>Catafalque</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*falque`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>catafalco</i>, scaffold, funeral canopy; of uncertain origin;
cf. Sp. <i>catafalso</i>, <i>cadahalso</i>, <i>cadalso</i>, Pr.
<i>casafalc</i>, OF. <i>chafaut</i>. Cf. <u>Scaffold</u>.] <def>A
temporary structure sometimes used in the funeral solemnities of
eminent persons, for the public exhibition of the remains, or
their conveyance to the place of burial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`*ag*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
fracture, fr. &?; to break in places; <grk>kata`</grk> down +
<grk>'agny`nai</grk> to break: cf. F. <i>catagmatique</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having the quality of consolidating broken
bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*ta"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of
Cathay or China; a foreigner; -- formerly a term of
reproach.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Catalonia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Catalonia; also, the language of
Catalonia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Catalan furnace</b></col>, <col><b>Catalan
forge</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a kind of furnace for
producing wrought iron directly from the ore. It was formerly
much used, esp. in Catalonia, and is still used in some parts of
the United States and elsewhere.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*lec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>catalecticus</i>, Gr. &?; incomplete, fr. &?; to leave off;
<grk>kata`</grk> down, wholly + <grk>lh`gein</grk> to stop.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Wanting a syllable at the
end, or terminating in an imperfect foot; as, a <i>catalectic</i>
verse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Photog. &amp; Chem.)</i> <def>Incomplete;
partial; not affecting the whole of a substance.</def>
<i>Abney.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cat"a*lep`sy</hw> (?), <hw>||Cat`a*lep"sis</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>catalepsis</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a
seizure, fr. &?; to seize upon; <grk>kata`</grk> down + &?; to
take, seize.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sudden suspension of sensation
and volition, the body and limbs preserving the position that may
be given them, while the action of the heart and lungs
continues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*lep"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>katalhptiko`s</grk>.] <def>Pertaining to, or resembling,
catalepsy; affected with catalepsy; as, a <i>cataleptic</i>
fit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cat`al*lac"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?;. See <u>Catallactics</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of Protozoa, of which <i>Magosph&aelig;ra</i> is the
type. They exist both in a myxopod state, with branched
pseudopodia, and in the form of ciliated bodies united in free,
spherical colonies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`al*lac"tics</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to
exchange; <grk>kata`</grk> wholly + &?; to change.] <def>The
science of exchanges, a branch of political economy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*log</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos>
<def>Catalogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*lo*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
insert in a catalogue; to register; to catalogue.</def> [R.]
<i>Coles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>catalogus</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a counting up, list, fr. &?; to
count up; <grk>kata`</grk> down, completely + &?; to say.] <def>A
list or enumeration of names, or articles arranged methodically,
often in alphabetical order; as, a <i>catalogue</i> of the
students of a college, or of books, or of the stars.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Card catalogue</b></col>, <cd>a catalogue, as of
books, having each item entered on a separate card, and the cards
arranged in cases by subjects, or authors, or
alphabetically.</cd> -- <col><b>Catalogue
raisonn&eacute;</b></col> (?) [F.], <cd>a catalogue of books,
etc., classed according to their subjects.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- List; roll; index; schedule; enumeration;
inventory. See <u>List</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*logue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Catalogued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cataloguing</u> (?).] <def>To make a list or
catalogue; to insert in a catalogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*log`uer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maker
of catalogues; esp. one skilled in the making of
catalogues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*tal"pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the
language of the Indians of Carolina, where Catesby discovered
this tree in the year 1726.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
American and East Indian trees, of which the best know species
are the <i>Catalpa bignonioides</i>, a large, ornamental North
American tree, with spotted white flowers and long cylindrical
pods, and the <i>C. speciosa</i>, of the Mississipi valley; --
called also <i>Indian bean</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*tal"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Catalyse</b></plw>. (#) [ML., fr. Gr. &?; dissolution,
fr. &?; to destroy, dissolve; <grk>kata`</grk> down, wholly + &?;
to loose.] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dissolution; degeneration;
decay.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sad <i>catalysis</i> and declension of piety.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
process by which reaction occurs in the presence of certain
agents which were formerly believed to exert an influence by mere
contact. It is now believed that such reactions are attended with
the formation of an intermediate compound or compounds, so that
by alternate composition and decomposition the agent is apparenty
left unchanged; as, the <i>catalysis</i> of making ether from
alcohol by means of sulphuric acid; or <i>catalysis</i> in the
action of soluble ferments (as diastase, or ptyalin) on
starch.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The catalytic
force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*ly"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to, or causing, catalysis.</def> "The <i>catalytic</i> power is
ill understood."  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Catalytic force</b></col>, <cd>that form of chemical
energy formerly supposed to determine catalysis.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*lyt"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An agent employed in catalysis, as platinum black, aluminium
chloride, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*ma*ran"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The native East
Indian name.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of raft or float,
consisting of two or more logs or pieces of wood lashed together,
and moved by paddles or sail; -- used as a surf boat and for
other purposes on the coasts of the East and West Indies and
South America. Modified forms are much used in the lumber regions
of North America, and at life-saving stations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any vessel with twin hulls, whether
propelled by sails or by steam; esp., one of a class of double-
hulled pleasure boats remarkable for speed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of fire raft or torpedo
bat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The incendiary rafts prepared by Sir Sidney Smith
for destroying the French flotilla at Boulogne, 1804, were called
<i>catamarans</i>.<BR>
<i>Knight.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A quarrelsome woman; a scold.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 226 !></p>

<p><hw>||Cat`a*me"nia</hw>
(k&abreve;t`&adot;*m&emacr;"n&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ta` katamh`nia</grk>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The monthly courses of women; menstrual
discharges; menses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*me"ni*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>katamh`nios</grk>  monthly; <grk>kata`</grk> down,
back, again + <grk>mh`n</grk> month.] <def>Pertaining to the
catamenia, or menstrual discharges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*mite</hw> (k&abreve;t"&adot;*m&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Catamitus</i>, an old form of
<i>Ganymedes</i> Ganymede, Gr. <grk>Ganymh`dhs</grk>.] <def>A boy
kept for unnatural purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*mount</hw> (-mount), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cat</i> + <i>mount</i>; cf. Sp. <i>gato montes</i> mountain
cat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cougar. Applied also, in some
parts of the United States, to the lynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*nad`ro*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kata`</grk> down + <grk>'ana`</grk> up + <grk>dro`mos</grk>
running, course.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Ascending and
descending fresh streams from and to the sea, as the salmon;
anadromous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*pasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to besprinkle; <grk>kata`</grk> down, wholly + &?; to strew,
or sprinkle.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A compound medicinal powder,
used by the ancients to sprinkle on ulcers, to absorb
perspiration, etc.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*pel"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a catapult.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>cata</i> + <i>petalous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the
petals held together by stamens, which grow to their bases, as in
the mallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
relating to cataphonics; catacoustic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*phon"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>cata</i> + <i>phonic</i>: cf. F. <i>cataphonique</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>That branch of acoustics which treats of
reflected sounds; catacoustics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*phract</hw> (k&act;t"&ador;*fr&abreve;kt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cataphractes</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
covered, fr. &?; to cover; <grk>kata`</grk> down, wholly +
<grk>fra`ssein</grk> to inclose.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.
Antiq.)</i> <def>Defensive armor used for the whole body and
often for the horse, also, esp. the linked mail or scale armor of
some eastern nations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A horseman covered with a
cataphract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Archers and slingers, <i>cataphracts</i>, and
spears.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The armor or plate
covering some fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*phract`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Covered with a cataphract, or armor of
plates, scales, etc.; or with that which corresponds to this, as
horny or bony plates, hard, callous skin, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*phrac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, a cataphract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*phys"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>cata</i> + <i>physical</i>.] <def>Unnatural; contrary to
nature.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some artists . . . have given to Sir Walter Scott
a pile of forehead which is unpleassing and
<i>cataphysical</i>.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cataplasma</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to spread over;
<grk>kata`</grk> down, wholly + &?; to form, mold.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A soft and moist substance applied externally to some part
of the body; a poultice.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*puce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Spurge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*pult</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>catapulta</i>, Gr. &?;, prob. from <grk>kata`</grk> down + &?;
to shake, hurl.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. Antiq.)</i> <def>An engine
somewhat resembling a massive crossbow, used by the ancient
Greeks and Romans for throwing stones, arrows, spears,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A forked stick with elastic band for
throwing small stones, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*ract</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cataracta</i>, <i>catarracles</i>, a waterfall, Gr. &?;, &?;,
fr. &?; to break down; in the passive, to fall or rush down (of
tumors) to burst; <grk>kata`</grk> down + &?; to break.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A great fall of water over a precipice; a
large waterfall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An opacity of the
crystalline lens, or of its capsule, which prevents the passage
of the rays of light and impairs or destroys the sight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A kind of hydraulic
brake for regulating the action of pumping engines and other
machines; -- sometimes called <i>dashpot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*rac"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of a cataract in the eye; affected with
cataract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*tarrh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>catarrhus</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, a running down, rheum, fr. &?;;
<grk>kata`</grk> down + &?; to flow. See <u>Stream</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inflammatory affection of any mucous
membrane, in which there are congestion, swelling, and an
altertion in the quantity and quality of mucus secreted; as,
<i>catarrh</i> of the stomach; <i>catarrh</i> of the
bladder.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In America, the term <i>catarrh</i> is applied
especially to a chronic inflammation of, and hypersecretion fron,
the membranes of the nose or air passages; in England, to an
acute influenza, resulting a cold, and attended with cough,
thirst, lassitude, and watery eyes; also, to the cold itself.</p>

<p><hw>Ca*tarrh"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, produced by, or attending, catarrh; of the nature of
catarrh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"ar*rhine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kata`rris</grk> with hanging or curved nose;
<grk>kata`</grk> down + <grk>"ri`s</grk>, <grk>"rino`s</grk>
nose.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the <i>Catarrhina</i>, a
division of Quadrumana, including the Old World monkeys and apes
which have the nostrils close together and turned downward. See
<u>Monkey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*tarrh"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Catarrhal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*stal"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to check; <grk>kata`</grk> down, wholy + &?; to set.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Checking evacuations through astringent or
styptic qualities.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*tas"ta*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to set; <grk>kata`</grk> down + &?; to place.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>That part of a speech,
usually the exordium, in which the orator sets forth the subject
matter to be discussed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The state, or condition
of anything; constitution; habit of body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*tas"ter*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to place among the stars.] <def>A placing among the
stars; a catalogue of stars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>catasterisms</i> of Eratosthenes.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*tas"tro*phe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>catastropha</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to turn up and down, to
overturn; <grk>kata`</grk> down + &?; to turn.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An event producing a subversion of the
order or system of things; a final event, usually of a calamitous
or disastrous nature; hence, sudden calamity; great
misfortune.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The strange <i>catastrophe</i> of affairs now at
London.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The most horrible and portentous
<i>catastrophe</i> that nature ever yet saw.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The final event in a romance or a
dramatic piece; a denouement, as a death in a tragedy, or a
marriage in a comedy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A violent and widely
extended change in the surface of the earth, as, an elevation or
subsidence of some part of it, effected by internal causes.</def>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*stroph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a
pertaining to a catastrophe.</def>  <i>B. Powell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*tas"tro*phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The doctrine that the geological changes in
the earth's crust have been caused by the sudden action of
violent physical causes; -- opposed to the doctrine of
<i>uniformism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*tas"tro*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>One who holds the theory or
catastrophism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*taw"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A well known light red variety of
American grape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A light-colored, sprightly American
wine from the Catawba grape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*taw"bas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
<i>sing.</i> <singw><b>Catawba</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>An Appalachian tribe of Indians which originally inhabited
the regions near the Catawba river and the head waters of the
Santee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"bird</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American bird (<i>Galeoscoptes
Carolinensis</i>), allied to the mocking bird, and like it
capable of imitating the notes of other birds, but less
perfectly. Its note resembles at times the mewing of a
cat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A small sailboat, with a single mast placed as far forward
as possible, carring a sail extended by a gaff and long boom. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"call`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sound like
the cry of a cat, such as is made in playhouses to express
dissatisfaction with a play; also, a small shrill instrument for
making such a noise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the rising of the curtain. I was very much
surprised with the great consort of <i>catcalls</i> which was
exhibited.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Catch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Caught</u> (?) or <u>Catched</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Catching</u>. <i>Catched</i>
is rarely used.] [OE. <i>cacchen</i>, OF. <i>cachier</i>,
dialectic form of <i>chacier</i> to hunt, F. <i>chasser</i>, fr.
(assumend) LL. <i>captiare</i>, for L. <i>capture</i>, V. intens.
of <i>capere</i> to take, catch. See <u>Capacious</u>, and cf.
<u>Chase</u>, <u>Case</u> a box.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay hold on; to seize, especially
with the hand; to grasp (anything) in motion, with the effect of
holding; as, to <i>catch</i> a ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seize after pursuing; to arrest;
as, to <i>catch</i> a thief.</def> "They pursued . . . and
<i>caught</i> him."  <i>Judg. i. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take captive, as in a snare or net,
or on a hook; as, to <i>catch</i> a bird or fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To insnare; to entangle.</def>
"To <i>catch</i> him in his words".  <i>Mark xii. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To seize with the senses or the mind;
to apprehend; as, to <i>catch</i> a melody.</def> "Fiery thoughts
. . . whereof I <i>catch</i> the issue."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To communicate to; to fasten upon; as,
the fire <i>caught</i> the adjoining building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To engage and attach; to please; to
charm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soothing arts that <i>catch</i> the fair.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To get possession of; to
attain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Torment myself to <i>catch</i> the English
throne.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To take or receive; esp. to take by
sympathy, contagion, infection, or exposure; as, to <i>catch</i>
the spirit of an occasion; to <i>catch</i> the measles or
smallpox; to <i>catch</i> cold; the house <i>caught</i>
fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To come upon unexpectedly or by
surprise; to find; as, to <i>catch</i> one in the act of
stealing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To reach in time; to come up with;
as, to <i>catch</i> a train.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To catch fire</b></col>, <cd>to become inflamed or
ignited.</cd> -- <col><b>to catch it</b></col> <cd>to get a
scolding or beating; to suffer punishment.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To catch one's eye</b></col>, <cd>to interrupt captiously
while speaking.</cd> [Colloq.] "You <i>catch me up</i> so very
short." <i>Dickens.</i> -- <col><b>To catch up</b></col>, <cd>to
snatch; to take up suddenly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Catch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To attain possession.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Have is have, however men do <i>catch</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be held or impeded by entanglement
or a light obstruction; as, a kite <i>catches</i> in a tree; a
door <i>catches</i> so as not to open.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take hold; as, the bolt does not
<i>catch</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To spread by, or as by, infecting; to
communicate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Does the sedition <i>catch</i> from man to
man?<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To catch at</b></col>, <cd>to attempt to seize; to be
eager to get or use.</cd> "[To] <i>catch at</i> all opportunities
of subverting the state." <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To catch up
with</b></col>, <cd>to come up with; to overtake.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Catch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act of seizing; a grasp.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That by which anything is caught or
temporarily fastened; as, the <i>catch</i> of a gate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The posture of seizing; a state of
preparation to lay hold of, or of watching he opportunity to
seize; as, to lie on the <i>catch</i>.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The common and the canon law . . . lie at
<i>catch</i>, and wait advantages one againt another.<BR>
<i>T. Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is caught or taken; profit;
gain; especially, the whole quantity caught or taken at one time;
as, a good <i>catch</i> of fish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hector shall have a great <i>catch</i> if he knock
out either of your brains.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Something desirable to be caught, esp.
a husband or wife in matrimony.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Passing opportunities
seized; snatches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It has been writ by <i>catches</i> with many
intervals.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A slight remembrance; a
trace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We retain a <i>catch</i> of those pretty
stories.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A humorous canon or
round, so contrived that the singers catch up each other's
words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Catch"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being caught.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Catch"-ba`sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cistern or vault at the point where a street gutter discharges
into a sewer, to catch bulky matters which would not pass readily
through the sewer.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Catch"drain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ditch
or drain along the side of a hill to catch the surface water;
also, a ditch at the side of a canal to catch the surplus
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Catch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, catches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>The player who
stands behind the batsman to catch the ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Catch"fly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant with the joints of the stem, and sometimes other
parts, covered with a viscid secretion to which small insects
adhere. The species of <i>Silene</i> are examples of the
catchfly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Catch"ing</hw> <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Infectious; contagious.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Captivating; alluring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Catch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
seizing or taking hold of.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Catching bargain</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a bargain
made with an heir expectant for the purchase of his expectancy at
an inadequate price.</cd>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Catch"-mead`ow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
meadow irrigated by water from a spring or rivulet on the side of
hill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Catch"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A surface
of ground on which water may be caught and collected into a
reservoir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Catch"pen*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made or
contrived for getting small sums of money from the ignorant or
unwary; as, a <i>catchpenny</i> book; a <i>catchpenny</i>
show.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Some worthless
catchpenny thing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Catch"poll`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chacepol</i>, <i>chacipol</i>.] <def>A bailiff's
assistant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Catch"up</hw> (?), <hw>Cat"sup</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of East Indian origin, because it
was originally a kind of East Indian pickles.] <def>A table sauce
made from mushrooms, tomatoes, walnuts, etc.</def> [Written also
<i>ketchup</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Catch"wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ditch
or drain for catching water. See <u>Catchdrain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Catch"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cleavers</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Catch"weight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<i>(Horseracing)</i> <def>Without any additional weight; without
being handicapped; as, to ride <i>catchweight</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Catch"word`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Among theatrical performers, the last
word of the preceding speaker, which reminds one that he is to
speak next; cue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The first word of any
page of a book after the first, inserted at the right hand bottom
corner of the preceding page for the assistance of the reader. It
is seldom used in modern printing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A word or phrase caught up and
repeated for effect; as, the <i>catchword</i> of a political
party, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Catch"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A work or
artificial water-course for throwing water on lands that lie on
the slopes of hills; a catchdrain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Food. [Obs.] See
<u>Cates</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cat`e*chet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Cat`e*chet"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See <u>Catechise</u>.]
<def>Relating to or consisting in, asking questions and receiving
answers, according to the ancient manner of teaching.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Socrates introduced a <i>catechetical</i> method
of arguing.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*chet"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
catechetical manner; by question and answer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*chet"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
science or practice of instructing by questions and
answers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*chin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>One of the tannic acids, extracted from catechu as a white,
crystalline substance; -- called also <i>catechuic acid</i>, and
<i>catechuin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*chi*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>catechizatio</i>.] <def>The act of catechising.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*chise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Catechised</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Catechising</u>.] [L.
<i>catechizare</i>, Gr. &?;, equiv. to &?; to resound, sound a
thing into one's ears, impress it upon one by word of mouth; &?;
+ &?; to sound, &?; a sound.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To instruct by asking questions,
receiving answers, and offering explanations and corrections, --
esp. in regard to points of religious faith.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To question or interrogate; to examine
or try by questions; -- sometimes with a view to reproof, by
eliciting from a person answers which condemn his own
conduct.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><! p. 227 !></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*chi`ser</hw> (k&abreve;t"&esl;*k&imacr;`z&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who catechises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*chism</hw> (-k&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>catechismus</i>, fr. Gr. See <u>Catechise</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A form of instruction by means of
questions and answers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A book containing a summary of
principles, especially of religious doctrine, reduced to the form
of questions and answers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Jews, even till this day, have their
<i>catechisms</i>.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>The Larger Catechism</b></col>, <col><b>The Shorter
Catechism</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Westminster Assembly</i>, under
<u>Assembly</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*chis"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a catechism, having the form of questions and
answers; catechetical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*chist</hw> (k&abreve;t"&esl;*k&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>catechista</i>, fr. Gr.] <def>One who
instructs by question and answer, especially in religions
matters.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cat`e*chis"tic</hw> (-k&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<hw>Cat`e*chis"tic*al</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a catechist or to a catechism.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*chize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Catechise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*chu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cashoo</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A dry, brown, astringent
extract, obtained by decoction and evaporation from the <i>Acacia
catechu</i>, and several other plants growing in India. It
contains a large portion of tannin or tannic acid, and is used in
medicine and in the arts. It is also known by the names <i>terra
japonica</i>, <i>cutch</i>, <i>gambier</i>, etc.</def>
<i>Ure.</i> <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*chu"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to catechu or its derivatives. See
<u>catechin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*chu`men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<pos><i>L.
catechunenus, Gr. &?; instructed, from &?;. See</i></pos>
<u>Catechise</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One who is receiving
rudimentary instruction in the doctrines of Christianity; a
neophyte; in the primitive church, one officially recognized as a
Christian, and admitted to instruction preliminary to admission
to full membership in the church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*chu"men*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or condition of a catechumen or the time during which one
is a catechumen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*chu*men"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to catechumens; as, <i>catechumenical</i>
instructions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*chu"men*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
catechumen.</def>  <i>Bp. Morton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*gor`e*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
predicate. See <u>Category</u>.] <i>(Logic.)</i> <def>Capable of
being employed by itself as a term; -- said of a word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*gor"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a category.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not hypothetical or relative;
admitting no conditions or exceptions; declarative; absolute;
positive; express; as, a <i>categorical</i> proposition, or
answer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The scriptures by a multitude of
<i>categorical</i> and intelligible decisions . . . distinguish
between the things seen and temporal and those that are unseen
and eternal.<BR>
 <i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*gor"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Absolutely; directly; expressly; positively; as, to affirm
<i>categorically</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*gor"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being categorical, positive, or absolute.</def>  <i>A.
Marvell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*go*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
inserts in a category or list; one who classifies.</def>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*go*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
insert in a category or list; to class; to catalogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*go*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Categories</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>categoria</i>, Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to accuse, affirm, predicate; &?; down, against + &?; to
harrangue, assert, fr. &?; assembly.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Logic.)</i> <def>One of the highest classes to which the
objects of knowledge or thought can be reduced, and by which they
can be arranged in a system; an ultimate or undecomposable
conception; a predicament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>categories</i> or predicaments -- the
former a Greek word, the latter its literal translation in the
Latin language -- were intended by Aristotle and his followers as
an enumeration of all things capable of being named; an
enumeration by the <i>summa genera</i> i.e., the most extensive
classes into which things could be distributed.<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Class; also, state, condition, or
predicament; as, we are both in the same
<i>category</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is in modern literature a whole class of
writers standing within the same <i>category</i>.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cat"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chattel</u>.] <def>Property; -- often used by Chaucer in
contrast with <i>rent</i>, or <i>income</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>For loss of catel</i> may recovered be,<BR>
But loss of tyme shendeth us," quod he.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*lec"trode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>cata + elecrode</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The negative
electrode or pole of a voltaic battery.</def>
<i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*lec`tro*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Relating to, or characterized by,
catelectrotonus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cat`e*lec*trot"o*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; down + &?; (see <u>Electro-</u>) + &?; tone.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>The condition of increased irritability of
a nerve in the region of the cathode or negative electrode, on
the passage of a current of electricity through it.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*te"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Catene</b></plw> (#). [L., a chain.] <def>A chain or
series of things connected with each other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have . . . in no case sought to construct those
<i>caten&aelig;</i> of games, which it seems now the fashion of
commentators to link together.<BR>
<i>C. J. Ellicott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cat"e*na*ry</hw> (?), <hw>Cat`e*na"ri*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>catenarius</i>, fr. <i>catena</i> a
chain. See <u>Chain</u>.] <def>Relating to a chain; like a chain;
as, a <u>catenary</u> curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<u>Catenaries</u> (&?;). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The curve formed by
a rope or chain of uniform density and perfect flexibility,
hanging freely between two points of suspension, not in the same
vertical line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Catenated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Catenating</u>.] [L. <i>catenatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>catenare</i>, fr. <i>catena</i> chain. See <u>Chain</u>.]
<def>To connect, in a series of links or ties; to chain.</def>
<i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat`e*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>catenatio</i>.] <def>Connection of links or union of parts, as
in a chain; a regular or connected series. See
<u>Concatenation</u>.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*ten"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>catenuia</i>, dim. of <i>catena</i> chain.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of little links or chains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Chainlike; -- said
both or color marks and of indentations when arranged like the
links of a chain, as on shells, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>catour</i>
purchaser, caterer, OF. <i>acator</i>, fr. <i>acater</i>, F.
<i>acheter</i>, to buy, provide, fr. LL. <i>accaptare</i>; L.
<i>ad</i> + captare to strive, to seize, intens, of <i>capere</i>
to take, seize. Cf. <u>Acater</u>, <u>Capacious</u>.] <def>A
provider; a purveyor; a caterer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Catered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Catering</u>.] [From <u>Cater</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To provide food; to
buy, procure, or prepare provisions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] providently <i>caters</i> for the
sparrow.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By extension: To supply what is needed
or desired, at theatrical or musical entertainments; -- followed
by <i>for</i> or <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quatre</i> four.]
<def>The four of cards or dice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut
diagonally.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"e*ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>ceatharnach</i>. Cf. <u>Kern</u> Irish foot soldier.] <def>A
Highland robber: a kind of irregular soldier.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ter-cor`nered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Cater</u> to cut diagonally.] <def>Diagonal.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca"ter-cous`in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
remote relation. See <u>Quater-cousin</u>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
caters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The little fowls in the air have God for Their
provider and <i>caterer</i>.<BR>
<i>Shelton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ter*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
caters.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"er*pil`lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>catyrpel</i>, corrupted fr. OF. <i>chatepelouse</i>, or
<i>cate pelue</i>, fr. <i>chate</i>, F. <i>chatte</i>, she-cat,
fem. of <i>chat</i>, L. <i>catus</i> + L. <i>pilosus</i> hairy,
or F. <i>pelu</i> hairy, fr. L. <i>pilus</i> hair. See
<u>Cat</u>, and <u>Pile</u> hair.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larval state of a butterfly or any
lepidopterous insect; sometimes, but less commonly, the larval
state of other insects, as the sawflies, which are also called
false caterpillars. The true caterpillars have three pairs of
true legs, and several pairs of abdominal fleshy legs (prolegs)
armed with hooks. Some are hairy, others naked. They usually feed
on leaves, fruit, and succulent vegetables, being often very
destructive, Many of them are popularly called worms, as the
cutworm, cankerworm, army worm, cotton worm, silkworm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Scorpiurus</i>, with pods resembling caterpillars.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Caterpillar catcher</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Caterpillar eater</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
bird belonging to the family of Shrikes, which feeds on
caterpillars. The name is also given to several other birds.</cd>
-- <col><b>Caterpillar hunter</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any species of beetles of the genus <i>Callosoma</i> and
other allied genera of the family <i>Carabid&aelig;</i> which
feed habitually upon caterpillars.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cat"er*waul</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Caterwauled</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Caterwauling</u>.]
[<i>Cat</i> + <i>waul</i>, <i>wawl</i>, to cry as a cat.] <def>To
cry as cats in rutting time; to make a harsh, offensive
noise.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"er*waul</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
caterwauling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"er*waul`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The cry of
cats; a harsh, disagreeable noise or cry like the cry of
cats.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cater</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The place where provisions are
deposited.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cates</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Acates</u>, and see <u>Cater</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Provisions; food; viands; especially, luxurious food;
delicacies; dainties.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cates</i> for which Apicius could not pay.<BR>
<i>Shurchill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Choicest <i>cates</i> and the fiagon's best
spilth.<BR>
<i>R. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cat"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having eyes
like a cat; hence, able to see in the dark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"fall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A rope used in hoisting the anchor to the cathead.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name given in the United States to
various species of siluroid fishes; as, the <i>yellow cat</i>
(<i>Amiurus natalis</i>); the <i>bind cat</i> (<i>Gronias
nigrilabrus</i>); the <i>mud cat</i> (<i>Pilodictic
oilwaris</i>), the <i>stone cat</i> (<i>Noturus flavus</i>); the
<i>sea cat</i> (<i>Arius felis</i>), etc.  This name is also
sometimes applied to the <i>wolf fish</i>. See
<u>Bullhrad</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"gut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cat</i> +
<i>gut</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cord of great toughness
made from the intestines of animals, esp. of sheep, used for
strings of musical instruments, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sort of linen or canvas, with wide
interstices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cath"a*rine wheel`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>catherine
wheel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cath"a*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>catharista</i>, fr. Gr. &?; clean, pure.] <def>One aiming at
or pretending to a greater purity of like than others about him;
-- applied to persons of various sects. See
<u>Albigenses</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"-harp`in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cat-harping</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"-harp`ing</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>One of the short ropes or iron cramps used to brace in the
shrouds toward the masts so a to give freer sweep to the
yards.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*thar"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;. See <u>Cathartic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A natural or
artificial purgation of any passage, as of the mouth, bowels,
etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*thar"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Ca*thar"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to cleanse, fr. &?; pure;
akin to F. <i>chaste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Cleansing the bowels; promoting evacuations by stool;
purgative.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the purgative
principle of senna, as <i>cathartic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*thar"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine that promotes alvine discharges; a
purge; a purgative of moderate activity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>cathartics</i> are more energetic and certain in
action that the <i>laxatives</i>, which simply increase the
tendency to alvine evacuation; and less powerful and irritaint
that the <i>drastic</i> purges, which cause profuse, repeated,
and watery evacuations.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ca*thar"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ca*thar"tic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>ca*thar"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The bitter, purgative principle of senna. It is a glucoside
with the properties of a weak acid; -- called also <i>cathartic
acid</i>, and <i>cathartina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*thay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>China; -- an
old name for the Celestial Empire, said have been introduced by
Marco Polo and to be a corruption of the Tartar name for North
China (<i>Khitai</i>, the country of the Khitans.)</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Better fifty years of Europe than a cycle of
<i>Cathay</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cat"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A projecting piece of timber or iron near the bow of vessel,
to which the anchor is hoisted and secured.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cath"e*dra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?; seat. See <u>Chair</u>.] <def>The official chair or throne of
a bishop, or of any person in high authority.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ex cathedra</b></col> [L., from the chair], <cd>in the
exercise of one's office; with authority.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The Vatican Council declares that the Pope, is
infallible "when he speaks <i>ex cathedra</i>."<BR>
<i>Addis &amp; Arnold's Cath. Dict.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ca*the"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>cathedralis</i> (sc. <i>ecclesia</i>): cf. F.
<i>cath&eacute;drale</i>. See <u>Cathedra</u>.] <def>The
principal church in a diocese, so called because in it the bishop
has his official chair (<i>Cathedra</i>) or throne.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*the"dral</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>cathedralis</i>: cf. F. <i>cath&eacute;dral</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the head church of a
diocese; as, a <i>cathedral</i> church; <i>cathedral</i>
service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Emanating from the chair of office, as
of a pope or bishop; official; authoritative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, what solemnity can be more required for the
pope to make a <i>cathedral</i> determination of an article!<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Resembling the aisles of a cathedral;
as, <i>cathedral</i> walks.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cath`e*dral"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cathedral.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cath`e*dra"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cathedra</u>.] <def>Relating to the chair or office of a
teacher.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cath`e*ret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to bring down or raze; &?; down + &?; to take.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A mild kind caustic used to reduce warts and other
excrescences.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cath"er*ine wheel`</hw> (?). [So called from <i>St.
Catherine</i> of Alexandria, who is represented with a
<i>wheel</i>, in allusion to her martyrdom.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geoth.Arth.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Rose window</u> and <u>Wheel
window</u>. Called also <i>Catherine-wheel window</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pyrotechny)</i> <def>A revolving piece
of fireworks resembling in form the window of the same
name.</def> [Written also <i>Catharine wheel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cath"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
a thing let down or put in, catheter, fr. &?; to send down, to
let down; &?; + &?; to send.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The name of
various instruments for passing along mucous canals, esp. applied
to a tubular instrument to be introduced into the bladder through
the urethra to draw off the urine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Eustachian catheter</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Eustachian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prostatic catheter</b></col>,
<cd>one adapted for passing an enlarged prostate.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cath"e*ter*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Cath`e*ter*i*za"tion</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The operation of
introducing a catheter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cath"e*ter*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Catheterized</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Catheterizing</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>To operate on with a catheter.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cath`e*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr.
&?; vertical height + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for the
accurate measurement of small differences of height; esp. of the
differences in the height of the upper surfaces of two columns of
mercury or other fluid, or of the same column at different times.
It consists of a telescopic leveling apparatus <i>(d)</i>, which
slides up or down a perpendicular metallic standard very finely
graduated (<i>bb</i>). The telescope is raised or depressed in
order to sight the objects or surfaces, and the differences in
vertical height are thus shown on the graduated standard.</def>
[Written also <i>kathetometer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cath"e*tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>catheti</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?; a perpendicular
line, fr. &?; let down, fr. &?;. See <u>Catheter</u>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>One line or radius falling perpendicularly on
another; as, the <i>catheti</i> of a right-angled triangle, that
is, the two sides that include the right angle.</def>
<i>Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cath"ode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; descent;
&?; down + &?; way.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The part of a voltaic
battery by which the electric current leaves substances through
which it passes, or the surface at which the electric current
passes out of the electrolyte; the negative pole; -- opposed to
<i>anode</i>.</def>  <i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cathode ray</b></col> <i>(Phys.)</i>, <cd>a kind of
ray generated at the cathode in a vacuum tube, by the electrical
discharge.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*thod"ic</hw> (k&adot;*th&obreve;d"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A term applied to the
centrifugal, or efferent, course of the nervous influence.</def>
<i>Marshall Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"-hole`</hw> (k&abreve;t"h&omacr;l`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of two small holes
astern, above the gunroom ports, through which hawsers may be
passed.</def></p>

<p><! p. 228 !></p>

<p><hw>Cath"o*lic</hw> (k&abreve;th"&osl;*&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>catholicus</i>, Gr.
<grk>kaqoliko`s</grk>, universal, general; <grk>kata`</grk> down,
wholly + <grk>"o`los</grk> whole, probably akin to E.
<i>solid</i>: cf. F. <i>catholique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Universal or general; as, the <i>catholic</i>
faith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of other countries [came] to bear their part
in so great and <i>catholic</i> a war.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; This epithet, which is applicable to the whole
Christian church, or its faith, is claimed by Roman Catholics to
belong especially to their church, and in popular usage is so
limited.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not narrow-minded, partial, or
bigoted; liberal; as, <i>catholic</i> tastes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, or affecting the
Roman Catholics; as, the <i>Catholic</i> emancipation
act.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Catholic epistles</b></col>, <cd>the epistles of the
apostles which are addressed to all the faithful, and not to a
particular church; being those of James, Peter, Jude, and
John.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cath"o*lic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person who accepts the creeds which are received in common
by all parts of the orthodox Christian church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An adherent of the Roman Catholic
church; a Roman Catholic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Old Catholic</b></col>, <cd>the name assumed in 1870
by members of the Roman Catholic church, who denied the
ecumenical character of the Vatican Council, and rejected its
decrees, esp. that concerning the infallibility of the pope, as
contrary to the ancient Catholic faith.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*thol"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Catholic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*thol"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>catholicisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being catholic
or universal; catholicity.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liberality of sentiment; breadth of
view.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The faith of the whole orthodox
Christian church, or adherence thereto.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The doctrines or faith of the Roman
Catholic church, or adherence thereto.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cath`o*lic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being catholic;
universality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liberality of sentiments;
catholicism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Adherence or conformity to the system
of doctrine held by all parts of the orthodox Christian church;
the doctrine so held; orthodoxy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Adherence to the doctrines of the
church of Rome, or the doctrines themselves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*thol"i*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v.  t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To make or to become catholic or Roman Catholic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cath"o*lic*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
catholic manner; generally; universally.</def>  <i>Sir L.
Cary.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cath"o*lic*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being catholic; universality; catholicity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*thol"i*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
neut. &?;, universal. See <u>Catholic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
remedy for all diseases; a panacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*thol"i*cos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Catholic</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The spiritual head of the
Armenian church, who resides at Etchmiadzin, Russia, and has
ecclesiastical jurisdiction over, and consecrates the holy oil
for, the Armenians of Russia, Turkey, and Persia, including the
Patriarchs of Constantinople, Jerusalem, and Sis.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Patriarch of Constantinople is the <i>civil</i>
head of the Armenians in Turkey.</p>

<p><hw>Cat`i*li*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Catilinarius</i>.] <def>Pertaining to Catiline, the Roman
conspirator; resembling Catiline's conspiracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"i*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; downward
+ &?; going, p. pr. of &?; to go.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
electro-positive substance, which in electro-decomposition is
evolved at the cathode; -- opposed to <i>anion</i>.</def>
<i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cat</i> + <i>-
kin</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An ament; a species of
inflorescence, consisting of a slender axis with many unisexual
apetalous flowers along its sides, as in the willow and poplar,
and (as to the staminate flowers) in the chestnut, oak, hickory,
etc. -- so called from its resemblance to a cat's tail. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ament</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a cat;
stealthily; noiselessly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cat</i> + <i>-
ing</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little cat; a kitten.</def>
"Cat nor <i>catling</i>."  <i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Catgut; a catgut string.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A double-edged, sharp-
pointed dismembering knife.</def> [Spelt also <i>catlin</i>.]
<i>Crobb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"lin*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From George
<i>Catlin</i>, an American traveler.] <def>A red clay from the
Upper Missouri region, used by the Indians for their
pipes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cat"nip`</hw> (?), <hw>Cat"mint`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A well-know plant of the
genus <i>Nepeta</i> (<i>N. Cataria</i>), somewhat like mint,
having a string scent, and sometimes used in medicine. It is so
called because cats have a peculiar fondness for it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`o-ca*thar"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
down + &?; serving to purge. See <u>Cathartic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A remedy that purges by alvine discharges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*to"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Catonionus</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the
stern old Roman, Cato the Censor; severe; inflexible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat" o' nine" tails`</hw>. <def>See under
<u>Cat</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*top"ter</hw> (?), <hw>Ca*top"tron</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; mirror, fr. &?; visible.] <def>A
reflecting optical glass or instrument; a mirror.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*top"tric</hw> (?), <hw>Ca*top"tric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See <u>Catopter</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to catoptrics; produced by reflection.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Catoptric light</b></col>, <cd>a light in which the
rays are concentrated by reflectors into a beam visible at a
distance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*top"trics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>catoptrique</i>. See <u>Catropric</u>.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>That part of optics which explains the properties and
phenomena of reflected light, and particularly that which is
reflected from mirrors or polished bodies; -- formerly called
<i>anacamptics</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*top"tro*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
mirror + <i>-mancy</i>. See <u>Catopter</u>.] <i>(Antiq.)</i>
<def>A species of divination, which was performed by letting down
a mirror into water, for a sick person to look at his face in it.
If his countenance appeared distorted and ghastly, it was an ill
omen; if fresh and healthy, it was favorable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*top"tron</hw> (k&adot;*t&obreve;p"tr&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See <u>Catopter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`pipe"</hw> (k&abreve;t"p&imacr;p`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Catcall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"-rigged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rigged
like a catboat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"-salt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sort of
salt, finely granulated, formed out of the bittern or leach
brine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat's"-eye`</hw> (k&abreve;ts"&imacr;`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of quartz or
chalcedony, exhibiting opalescent reflections from within, like
the eye of a cat. The name is given to other gems affording like
effects, esp. the chrysoberyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat's`-foot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant (<i>Nepeta Glechoma</i>) of the same genus with
catnip; ground ivy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"-sil`ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mica.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Cats"kill pe`ri*od</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The
closing subdivision of the Devonian age in America. The rocks of
this period are well developed in the Catskill mountains, and
extend south and west under the Carboniferous formation. See the
Diagram under <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Catsos</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>cazzo</i>.] <def>A base
fellow; a rogue; a cheat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat's"-paw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
light transitory air which ruffles the surface of the water
during a calm, or the ripples made by such a puff of air.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A particular hitch or turn in the bight
of a rope, into which a tackle may be hooked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dupe; a tool; one who, or that
which, is used by another as an instrument to a accomplish his
purposes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense the term refers to the fable of the
monkey using the cat's paw to draw the roasting chestnuts out of
the fire.</p>

<p><hw>Cat's"-tail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Timothy</u>, <u>Cat-tail</u>, <u>Cirrus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stick or
club employed in the game of ball called <i>cat</i> or
<i>tipcat</i>.</def>  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"stitch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Needlework)</i> <def>To fold and sew down the edge of with a
coarse zigzag stitch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"sup</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Catchup</u>, and <u>Ketchup</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"-tail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A tall rush or flag (<i>Typha latifolia</i>) growing in
marshes, with long, flat leaves, and having its flowers in a
close cylindrical spike at the top of the stem. The leaves are
frequently used for seating chairs, making mats, etc. See
<u>Catkin</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>lesser cat-tail</i> is <i>Typha
angustifolia</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Cat"tish</hw> (k&abreve;t"t&ibreve;sh),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Catlike; feline</def>
<i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cat"tle</hw> (k&abreve;t"t'l), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>calet</i>, <i>chatel</i>, goods, property, OF.
<i>catel</i>, <i>chatel</i>, LL. <i>captale</i>, <i>capitale</i>,
goods, property, esp. cattle, fr. L. <i>capitals</i> relating to
the head, chief; because in early ages beasts constituted the
chief part of a man's property. See <u>Capital</u>, and cf.
<u>Chattel</u>.] <def>Quadrupeds of the Bovine family; sometimes,
also, including all domestic quadrupeds, as sheep, goats, horses,
mules, asses, and swine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Belted cattle</b></col>, <col><b>Black
cattle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Belted</u>, <u>Black</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Cattle guard</b></col>, <cd>a trench under a railroad
track and alongside a crossing (as of a public highway). It is
intended to prevent cattle from getting upon the track.</cd> --
<col><b>cattle louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
species of louse infecting cattle. There are several species. The
<i>H&aelig;matatopinus eurysternus</i> and <i>H. vituli</i> are
common species which suck blood; <i>Trichodectes scalaris</i>
eats the hair.</cd> -- <col><b>Cattle plague</b></col>, <cd>the
rinderpest; called also <i>Russian cattle plague</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cattle range</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Cattle
run</b></col>, <cd>an open space through which cattle may run or
range.</cd> [U. S.] <i>Bartlett.</i> -- <col><b>Cattle
show</b></col>, <cd>an exhibition of domestic animals with prizes
for the encouragement of stock breeding; -- usually accompanied
with the exhibition of other agricultural and domestic products
and of implements.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cat"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>kat&imacr;</i>. See <u>Caddy</u>.] <def>An East Indian Weight
of 1&frac13; pounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau*ca"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Caucasus, a
mountainous region between the Black and Caspian seas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the white races of
mankind, of whom the people about Mount Caucasus were formerly
taken as the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau*ca"sian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native or inhabitant of the Caucasus, esp. a Circassian or
Georgian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of any of the white races of
mankind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymology
uncertain. Mr. J. H. Trumbull finds the origin of <i>caucus</i>
in the N. A. Indian word <i>cawcawwassough</i> or <i>ca&uacute;
cau-as'u</i> one who urges or pushes on, a promoter. See citation
for an early use of the word <i>caucus</i>.] <def>A meeting,
especially a preliminary meeting, of persons belonging to a
party, to nominate candidates for public office, or to select
delegates to a nominating convention, or to confer regarding
measures of party policy; a political primary meeting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This day learned that the <i>caucus</i> club
meets, at certain times, in the garret of Tom Dawes, the adjutant
of the Boston regiment.<BR>
<i>John Adams's Diary [Feb. , 1763].</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cau"cus</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Caucused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Caucusing</u>.] <def>To hold, or meet in, a
caucus or caucuses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"dad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L. <i>cauda</i>
tail + <i>ad</i> to.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Backwards; toward
the tail or posterior part.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cau"da gal*li</hw>, (&?;). [L., tail of a cock.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A plume-shaped fossil, supposed to be a
seaweed, characteristic of the lower Devonian rocks; as, the
<i>cauda galli</i> grit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cauda galli epoch</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>an
epoch at the begining of the Devonian age in eastern America, so
named from the characteristic gritty sandstone marked with
impressions of <i>cauda galli</i>. See the Diagram under
<u>Geology</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cau"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Cauda</i>
tail. Cf. <u>Coward</u>.] <def>Of the nature of, or pertaining
to, a tail; having a tail-like appendage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The male widow-bird, remarkable for his
<i>caudal</i> plumes.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Caudal fin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
terminal fin (or "tail") of a fish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Cau*da"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>cauda</i> tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Urodela</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cau"date</hw> (?), <hw>Cau"da*ted</hw> (?). }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cauda</i> tail.] <def>Having a tail;
having a termination like a tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cau"dex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Caudices</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Caudexes</b></plw>
(#). [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The stem of a tree., esp. a stem
without a branch, as of a palm or a tree fern; also, the
perennial rootstock of an herbaceous plant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cau"di*cle</hw> (?), <hw>||Cau*dic"u*la</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of L. <i>cauda</i> tail, appendage.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A slender, elastic process, to which the
masses of pollen in orchidaceous plants are attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>caudel</i>,
F. <i>chaudeau</i>, dim. of LL <i>calidum</i> a sweet drink, fr.
L. <i>caidus</i> warm. See <u>Caldron</u>.] <def>A kind of warm
drink for sick persons, being a mixture of wine with eggs, bread,
sugar, and spices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Caudled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Caudling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make into caudle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Too serve as a caudle to; to
refresh.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cauf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. akin to Celtic
<i>caff</i>, <i>cav</i>, <i>cau</i>, L. <i>cavus</i> hollow, or
to L. <i>caphinus</i>, Gr. &?; basket.] <def>A chest with holes
for keeping fish alive in water.</def>  <i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cau"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gang of slaves.
Same as <u>Coffle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caught</hw> (k&add;t), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Catch</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cauk</hw> (k&add;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Cauk"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cawk</u>, <u>Calker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caul</hw> (k&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>calle</i>, <i>kelle</i>, prob. fr. F. <i>cale</i>; cf. Ir.
<i>calla</i> a veil.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A covering of
network for the head, worn by women; also, a net.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The fold of membrane
loaded with fat, which covers more or less of the intestines in
mammals; the great omentum. See <u>Omentum</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>caul</i> serves for the warming of the
lower belly.<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A part of the amnion, one of the
membranes enveloping the fetus, which sometimes is round the head
of a child at its birth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is deemed lucky to be with a <i>caul</i> or
membrane over the face. This <i>caul</i> is esteemed an
infallible preservative against drowning . . . According to
Chysostom, the midwives frequently sold it for magic uses.<BR>
<i>Grose.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I was born with a <i>caul</i>, which was
advertised for sale, in the newspapers, at the low price of
fifteen guineas.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cau*les"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caulis</i> stalk, stem: cf. F. <i>caulescent</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a leafy stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"li*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A short caulis or stem, esp. the rudimentary stem seen in
the embryo of seed; -- otherwise called a
<i>radicle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cau*lic"u*lus</hw> (k&add;*l&ibreve;k"&usl;*l&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cauliculi</b></plw> (-
l&imacr;). [L. <i>cauliculus</i> little stalk, dim. of
<i>caulis</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>In the Corinthian capital,
one of the eight stalks rising out of the lower leafage and
terminating in leaves which seem to support the volutes. See
<u>Illust</u>. of <u>Corinthian order</u>, under
<u>Corinthian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"li*flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>choufleur</i>, modified by E. <i>Cole</i>. L. <i>caulis</i>,
and by E. <i>flower</i>; F. <i>chou</i> cabbage is fr. L.
<i>caulis</i> stalk, cabbage, and <i>fleur</i> flower is fr. L.
<i>flos</i> flower. See <u>Cole</u>, and <u>Flower</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An annual variety of
<i>Brassica oleracea</i>, or cabbage, of which the cluster of
young flower stalks and buds is eaten as a vegetable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The edible head or "curd" of a
cauliflower plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caulis</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form
of a caulis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Growing immediately on a caulis; of or pertaining to a
caulis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cau"lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; L. <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Caules</b></plw> (#). [L., a stem.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
herbaceous or woody stem which bears leaves, and may bear
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caulk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Calk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau`lo*car"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
stem + <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having stems
which bear flowers and fruit year after year, as most trees and
shrubs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cau"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; a
burning heat.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Great heat, as of the body in
fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"po*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cauponari</i>, fr. <i>caupo</i> huckster, innkeeper.] <def>To
sell wine or victuals.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Warburfon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Caus"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being caused.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caus"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>causalis</i>. See <u>Cause</u>.] <def>Relating to a cause or
causes; inplying or containing a cause or causes; expressing a
cause; causative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Causal</i> propositions are where two
propositions are joined by <i>causal</i> words.<BR>
<i>Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Caus"al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A causal word or
form of speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anglo-Saxon <i>drencan</i> to drench,
<i>causal</i> of Anglo-Saxon <i>drincan</i> to drink.<BR>
<i>Skeat.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cau*sal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<u>Causalities</u> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The agency of a
cause; the action or power of a cause, in producing its
effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>causality</i> of the divine mind.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>The faculty of tracing
effects to their causes.</def>  <i>G. Combe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Caus"al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According
to the order or series of causes; by tracing effects to
causes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caus"al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining.)</i>
<def>The lighter, earthy parts of ore, carried off
washing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
causing; also the act or agency by which an effect is
produced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The kind of <i>causation</i> by which vision is
produced.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Law of universal causation</b></col>, <cd>the
theoretical or asserted law that every event or phenomenon
results from, or is the sequel of, some previous event or
phenomenon, which being present, the other is certain to take
place.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cau*sa"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes in the law of universal causation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caus"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>causativus</i> pertaining to a lawsuit (<i>causa</i>), but in
the English sense from E. <i>cause</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Effective, as a cause or agent; causing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Causative</i> in nature of a number of
effects.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing a cause or reason; causal;
as, the ablative is a <i>causative</i> case.</def></p>

<p><! p. 229  !></p>

<p><hw>Caus"a*tive</hw> (k&add;"z&adot;*t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word which expresses or suggests a
cause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caus"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
causative manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau*sa"tor</hw> (k&add;*z&amacr;"t&obreve;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cause</u>.] <def>One who
causes.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cause</hw> (k&add;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cause</i>, fr. L. <i>causa</i>. Cf. <u>Cause</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Kickshaw</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which produces or effects a result; that from which
anything proceeds, and without which it would not
exist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cause</i> is substance exerting its power into
act, to make one thing begin to be.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is the occasion of an
action or state; ground; reason; motive; as, <i>cause</i> for
rejoicing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sake; interest; advantage.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I did it not for his <i>cause</i>.<BR>
<i>2 Cor. vii. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A suit or action in
court; any legal process by which a party endeavors to obtain his
claim, or what he regards as his right; case; ground of
action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any subject of discussion or debate;
matter; question; affair in general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What counsel give you in this weighty
<i>cause</i>!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The side of a question, which is
espoused, advocated, and upheld by a person or party; a principle
which is advocated; that which a person or party seeks to
attain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God befriend us, as our <i>cause</i> is just.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The part they take against me is from zeal to the
<i>cause</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Efficient cause</b></col>, <cd>the agent or force that
produces a change or result.</cd> -- <col><b>Final
cause</b></col>, <cd>the end, design, or object, for which
anything is done.</cd> -- <col><b>Formal cause</b></col>, <cd>the
elements of a conception which make the conception or the thing
conceived to be what it is; or the idea viewed as a formative
principle and co&ouml;perating with the matter.</cd> --
<col><b>Material cause</b></col>, <cd>that of which anything is
made.</cd> -- <col><b>Proximate cause</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Proximate</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To make common cause
with</b></col>, <cd>to join with in purposes and aims.</cd>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Origin; source; mainspring; motive; reason;
incitement; inducement; purpose; object; suit; action.</p>

<p><hw>Cause</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Caused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; v. n.</i></pos>
<u>Causing</u>.] [F. <i>causer</i>, fr. <i>cause</i>, fr. L.
<i>causa</i>. See <u>Cause</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Acouse</u>.] <def>To effect as an agent; to produce; to be the
occasion of; to bring about; to bring into existence; to make; --
usually followed by an infinitive, sometimes by <i>that</i> with
a finite verb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>cause</i> it to rain upon the earth
forty days.<BR>
<i>Gen. vii. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cause</i> that it be read also in the church of
the Laodiceans.<BR>
<i>Col. iv. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To create; produce; beget; effect; occasion;
originate; induce; bring about.</p>

<p><hw>Cause</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To assign or show
cause; to give a reason; to make excuse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cause</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Abbreviation of
<u>Because</u>.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cause"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Having a
cause.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cause"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>1. Self-
originating; uncreated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without just or sufficient reason;
groundless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My fears are <i>causeless</i> and ungrounded.<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cause"less</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without cause
or reason.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cause"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being causeless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caus"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who or
that which causes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cau`seuse"</hw> (k&osl;`z&etilde;z"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>causer</i> to talk.] <def>A kind
of sofa for two persons. A <i>t&ecirc;te-&agrave;-
t&ecirc;te</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cause"way</hw> (k&add;z"w&asl;), <hw>Cau"sey</hw>
((k&add;"z&ybreve;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>cauci</i>,
<i>cauchie</i>, OF. <i>cauchie</i>, F. <i>chauss&eacute;e</i>,
from LL. (<i>via</i>) <i>calciata</i>, fr <i>calciare</i> to make
a road, either fr. L. <i>calx</i> lime, hence, to pave with
limestone (cf. E. <i>chalk</i>), or from L. <i>calceus</i> shoe,
from <i>calx</i> heel, hence, to shoe, pave, or wear by
treading.] <def>A way or road raised above the natural level of
the ground, serving as a dry passage over wet or marshy
ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But that broad <i>causeway</i> will direct your
way.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The other way Satan went down<BR>
The <i>causey</i> to Hell-gate.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cause"wayed</hw> (?), <hw>Cau"seyed</hw> (?). }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a raised way (causeway or
causey); paved.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott. C. Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cau*sid"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>causidicakis</i>; <i>causa</i> a cause in law + <i>dicare</i>
to say.] <def>Pertaining to an advocate, or to the maintenance
and defense of suits.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Caus"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Caus"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>caustucs</i>, Ge. &?;, fr. &?; to
burn. Cf. <u>Calm</u>, <u>Ink</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of destroying the texture of anything or eating away
its substance by chemical action; burning; corrosive;
searing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Severe; satirical; sharp; as, a
<i>caustic</i> remark.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Caustic curve</b></col> <i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>a curve
to which the ray of light, reflected or refracted by another
curve, are tangents, the reflecting or refracting curve and the
luminous point being in one plane.</cd> -- <col><b>Caustic
lime</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Lime</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Caustic potash</b></col>, <col><b>Caustic soda</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the solid hydroxides potash, KOH, and soda,
NaOH, or solutions of the same.</cd> -- <col><b>Caustic
silver</b></col>, <cd>nitrate of silver, lunar caustic.</cd> --
<col><b>Caustic surface</b></col> <i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>a surface
to which rays reflected or refracted by another surface are
tangents. Caustic curves and surfaces are called
<i>catacaustic</i> when formed by reflection, and
<i>diacaustic</i> when formed by refraction.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stinging; cutting; pungent; searching.</p>

<p><hw>Cau"stic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>causticum</i>
(sc. <i>medicamentum</i>). See <u>Caustic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any substance or
means which, applied to animal or other organic tissue, burns,
corrodes, or destroys it by chemical action; an
escharotic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Optics)</i> <def>A caustic curve or
caustic surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caus"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
caustic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caus*tic"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being caustic;
corrosiveness; as, the <i>causticity</i> of potash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Severity of language; sarcasm; as, the
<i>causticity</i> of a reply or remark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caus"tic*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being caustic; causticity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>caut&egrave;le</i>, L. <i>cautela</i>, fr. <i>cavere</i> to be
on one's guard, to take care.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Caution;
prudence; wariness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fulke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Craft; deceit; falseness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cau"te*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cauteleux</i>, LL. <i>cautelosus</i>. See <u>Cautel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Caution; prudent; wary.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Cautelous</i>, though young."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Crafty; deceitful; false.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cau"te*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cau"te*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cau"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>caut&egrave;re</i>, L. <i>cauterium</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a
branding iron, fr. &?; to burn. Cf. <u>Caustic</u>,
<u>Cautery</u>.] <def>A hot iron for searing or
cauterizing.</def>  <i>Minsheu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cau"ter*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cauterizing substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"ter*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use or
application of a caustic; cautery.</def>  <i>Ferrand.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cau`ter*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>caut&egrave;risation</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act of
searing some morbid part by the application of a cautery or
caustic; also, the effect of such application.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"ter*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cauterized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cauterizing</u>.] [L.
<i>cauterizare</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. a branding iron: cf. F.
<i>caut&eacute;rised</i>.. See <u>cauter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To burn or sear with a cautery or caustic.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sear, as the conscience.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cau"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cauteries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>cauterium</i>, Gr. &?;.
See <u>Cauter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
burning or searing, as of morbid flesh, with a hot iron, or by
application of a caustic that will burn, corrode, or destroy
animal tissue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The iron of other agent in
cauterizing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Actual cautery</b></col>, <cd>a substance or agent (as
a hot iron) which cauterizes or sears by actual heat; or the
burning so effected.</cd> -- <col><b>Potential cautery</b></col>,
<cd>a substance which cauterizes by chemical action; as, lunar
<i>caustic</i>; also, the cauterizing produced by such
substance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cau"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>caution</i>
a security, L. <i>cautio</i>, fr. <i>cavere</i> (For
<i>scavere</i>) to be on one's guard, to take care (orig.) to be
on the watch, see; akin to E. <i>show</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A careful attention to the probable effects of an act, in
order that failure or harm may be avoided; prudence in regard to
danger; provident care; wariness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Security; guaranty; bail.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Parliament would yet give his majesty
sufficient <i>caution</i> that the war should be prosecuted.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Precept or warning against evil of any
kind; exhortation to wariness; advice; injunction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In way of <i>caution</i> I must tell you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Caution money</b></col>, <cd>money deposited by way of
security or guaranty, as by a student at an English
university.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Care; forethought; forecast; heed; prudence;
watchfulness; vigilance; circumspection; anxiety; providence;
counsel; advice; warning; admonition.</p>

<p><hw>Cau"tion</hw> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cautioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cautioning</u>.] <def>To give notice of danger
to; to warn; to exhort [one] to take heed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>cautioned</i> me against their charms.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cau"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Conveying a caution, or warning to avoid
danger; as, <i>cautionary</i> signals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given as a pledge or as
security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hated Barnevelt, for his getting the
<i>cautionary</i> towns out of his hands.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wary; cautious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cau"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who cautions or advises.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A surety or
sponsor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"tion*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots
Law)</i> <def>Suretyship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>cautus</i>, fr. <i>caver</i>. See <u>Caution</u>.]
<def>Attentive to examine probable effects and consequences of
acts with a view to avoid danger or misfortune; prudent;
circumspect; wary; watchful; as, a <i>cautious</i>
general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cautious</i> feeling for another's pain.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Be swift to hear; but <i>cautious</i> of your
tongue.<BR>
<i>Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wary; watchful; vigilant; prudent; circumspect;
discreet; heedful; thoughtful; scrupulous; anxious; careful.  --
<u>Cautious</u>, <u>Wary</u>, <u>Circumspect</u>. A man is
<i>cautious</i> who realizes the constant possibility of danger;
one may be <i>wary</i>, and yet bold and active; a man who is
<i>circumspect</i> habitually examines things on every side in
order to weigh and deliberate. It is necessary to be
<i>cautious</i> at all times; to be <i>wary</i> in cases of
extraordinary danger; to be <i>circumspect</i> in matters of
peculiar delicacy and difficulty.</p>

<p><hw>Cau"tious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
cautious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"tious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being cautious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cav"al*cade`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cavalcade</i>, fr. It. <i>cavalcata</i>, fr. <i>cavalcare</i>
to go on horseback, fr. LL. <i>caballicare</i>, fr. L.
<i>caballus</i> an inferior horse, Gr. &?;. Cf. <u>Cavalier</u>,
<u>Cavalry</u>.] <def>A procession of persons on horseback; a
formal, pompous march of horsemen by way of parade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He brought back war-worn <i>cavalcade</i> to the
city.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cav`a*le"ro</hw>, <hw>Cav`a*lie"ro</hw>
(k&abreve;v`&adot;*l&emacr;"ro), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>caballero</i>. See <u>Cavalier</u>.] <def>A cavalier; a
gallant; a libertine.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cav`a*lier"</hw> (k&abreve;v`&adot;*l&emacr;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cavalier</i>, It. <i>cavaliere</i>,
LL. <i>caballarius</i>, fr. L. <i>caballus</i>. See
<u>Cavalcade</u>, and cf. <u>Chevalier</u>, <u>Caballine</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A military man serving on horseback; a
knight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gay, sprightly, military man; hence,
a gallant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the court party in the time of
king Charles I. as contrasted with a Roundhead or an adherent of
Parliament.</def>  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A work of more than
ordinary height, rising from the level ground of a bastion, etc.,
and overlooking surrounding parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cav`a*lier"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gay; easy;
offhand; frank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The plodding, persevering scupulous accuracy of
the one, and the easy, <i>cavalier</i>, verbal fluency of the
other, form a complete contrast.<BR>
 <i>Hazlitt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>High-spirited.</def> [Obs.] "The
people are naturally not valiant, and not much <i>cavalier</i>."
<i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Supercilious; haughty; disdainful;
curt; brusque.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the party of King
Charles I.</def> "An old <i>Cavalier</i> family."
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cav`a*lier"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Somewhat like a cavalier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cav`a*lier"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
practice or principles of cavaliers.</def>  <i>Sir. W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cav`a*lier"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
supercilious, disdainful, or haughty manner; arrogantly.</def>
<i>Junius.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cav`a*lier"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
disdainful manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*val"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Pg.
<i>cavalla</i> a kind of fish; Sp. <i>caballa</i>; prob. fr. Pg.
<i>cavallo</i> horse, Sp. <i>caballa</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A carangoid fish of the Atlantic coast (<i>Caranx
hippos</i>): -- called also <i>horse crevall&eacute;</i>. [See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Carangoid</u>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Cav"al*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cavalerie</i>, fr. It. <i>cavalleria</i>. See <u>Cavalier</u>,
and cf. <u>chivalry</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>That part of
military force which serves on horseback.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Heavy cavalry</i> and <i>light cavalry</i> are so
distinguished by the character of their armament, and by the size
of the men and horses.</p>

<p><hw>Cav"al*ry*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<u>Cavalrymen</u> (&?;). <def>One of a body of cavalry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`va*ti"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Originally, a melody of simpler form than the
<i>aria</i>; a song without a second part and a <i>da capo</i>; -
- a term now variously and vaguely used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cave</hw> (k&amacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cave</i>, L. <i>cavus</i> hollow, whence <i>cavea</i> cavity.
Cf. <u>Cage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hollow place in the
earth, either natural or artificial; a subterraneous cavity; a
cavern; a den.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any hollow place, or part; a
cavity.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>cave</i> of the ear."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cave bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very
large fossil bear (<i>Ursus spel&aelig;us</i>) similar to the
grizzly bear, but large; common in European caves.</cd> --
<col><b>Cave dweller</b></col>, <cd>a savage of prehistoric times
whose dwelling place was a cave.</cd> <i>Tylor.</i> --
<col><b>Cave hyena</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fossil
hyena found abundanty in British caves, now usually regarded as a
large variety of the living African spotted hyena.</cd> --
<col><b>Cave lion</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fossil
lion found in the caves of Europe, believed to be a large variety
of the African lion.</cd> -- <col><b>Bone cave</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Bone</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Caved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Caving</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>caver</i>. See <u>Cave</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To make hollow; to scoop out.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The mouldred earth <i>cav'd</i> the banke.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cave</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To dwell in a cave.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <i>To cave in</i>, below.] <def>To
fall in or down; as, the sand bank <i>caved</i>. Hence (Slang),
to retreat from a position; to give way; to yield in a disputed
matter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To cave in</b></col>. [Flem. <i>inkalven</i>.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To fall in and leave a hollow, as earth
on the side of a well or pit.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
submit; to yield.</cd> [Slang]  <i>H. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"ve*at</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>caved</i>
let him beware, pres. subj. of <i>cavere</i> to be on one's guard
to, beware.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A notice given by an
interested party to some officer not to do a certain act until
the party is heard in opposition; as, a <i>caveat</i> entered in
a probate court to stop the proving of a will or the taking out
of letters of administration, etc.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(U. S. Patent Laws)</i> <def>A
description of some invention, designed to be patented, lodged in
the patent office before the patent right is applied for, and
operating as a bar to the issue of letters patent to any other
person, respecting the same invention.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>caveat</i> is operative for one year only, but may
be renewed.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Intimation of caution; warning;
protest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We think it right to enter our <i>caveat</i>
against a conclusion.<BR>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Caveat emptor</b></col> [L.] <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>let the
purchaser beware, <i>i. e.</i>, let him examine the article he is
buying, and act on his own judgment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ve*a`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Fencing)</i> <def>Shifting the sword from one side of an
adversary's sword to the other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ve*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
enters a caveat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cav"en*dish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Leaf
tobacco softened, sweetened, and pressed into plugs or
cakes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cut cavendish</b></col>, <cd>the plugs cut into long
shreds for smoking.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cav"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>caverna</i>,
fr. <i>cavus</i> hollow: cf. F. <i>caverne</i>.] <def>A large,
deep, hollow place in the earth; a large cave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cav"erned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Containing caverns.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wolves yelled on the <i>caverned</i> hill.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Living in a cavern.</def>
"<i>Caverned</i> hermit."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cav"ern*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cavernosus</i>: cf. F. <i>caverneux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of caverns; resembling a cavern or large cavity;
hollow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Filled with small cavities or
cells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having a sound caused by a
cavity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cavernous body</b></col>, <cd>a body of erectile
tissue with large interspaces which may be distended with blood,
as in the penis or clitoris.</cd> -- <col><b>Cavernous
respiration</b></col>, <cd>a peculiar respiratory sound andible
on auscultation, when the bronchial tubes communicate with morbid
cavities in the lungs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca*ver"nu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>cavernula</i>, dim. of <i>caverna</i> cavern.] <def>Full of
little cavities; as, <i>cavernulous</i> metal.</def>
<i>Black.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cav"es*son</hw> (?), <hw>Cav"e*zon</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cave&ccedil;on</i>, augm. fr. LL.
<i>capitium</i> a head covering hood, fr. L. <i>caput</i> head.
Cf. <u>Caberzon</u>.] <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A kind of noseband used
in breaking and training horses.</def> [Written also
<i>caveson</i>, <i>causson</i>.]  <i>White.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*vet"to</hw> (k&adot;*v&ebreve;t"t&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>cavetto</i>, fr. <i>cavo</i> hollow,
L. <i>cavus</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A concave molding; -- used
chiefly in classical architecture.  See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Column</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*viare"</hw> (?), <hw>Cav"i*ar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>caviar</i>, fr. It. <i>caviale</i>,
fr. Turk. <i>Hav&imacr;&amacr;r</i>.] <def>The roes of the
sturgeon, prepared and salted; -- used as a relish, esp. in
Russia.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Caviare</i> was considered a delicacy, by some, in
Shakespeare's time, but was not relished by most. Hence Hamlet
says of a certain play. "'T was <i>caviare</i> to the general,"
<i>i. e.</i>, above the taste of the common people.</p>

<p><! p. 230 !></p>

<p><hw>Cav"i*corn</hw> (k&abreve;v"&ibreve;*k&ocirc;rn),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cavus</i> hollow + <i>cornu</i>
horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having hollow horns.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cav`i*cor"ni*a</hw>
(k&abreve;v`&ibreve;*k&ocirc;r"n&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of ruminants
whose horns are hollow, and planted on a bony process of the
front, as the ox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cav"il</hw> (k&abreve;v"&ibreve;l), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Caviled</u> or
<u>Cavilled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Caviling</u> or <u>Cavilling</u>.] [L. <i>cavillari</i> to
practice jesting, to censure, fr. <i>cavilla</i> bantering jests,
sophistry: cf. OF. <i>caviller</i>.] <def>To raise captious and
frivolous objections; to find fault without good
reason.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You do not well in obstinacy<BR>
To <i>cavil</i> in the course of this contract.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cav"il</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cavil
at.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cav"il</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A captious or
frivolous objection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>cavils</i> of prejudice and
unbelief.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cav"il*er</hw> <i>or</i> <hw>Cav"il*ler</hw> (-
&etilde;r), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who cavils.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cavilers</i> at the style of the
Scriptures.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cav"il*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to
cavil; finding fault without good reason. See
<u>Captious</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His depreciatory and <i>caviling</i>
criticism.<BR>
<i>Lewis.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cav"il*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
caviling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cav`il*la"tion</hw> (-l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F. <i>cavillation</i>, L.
<i>cavillatio</i>.] <def>Frivolous or sophistical
objection.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cav"il*ous</hw> or <hw>Cav"il*lous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cavillosus</i>.] <def>Characterized
by caviling, or disposed to cavil; quibbing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>-- <wf>Cav"il*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.] --
<wf>Cav"il*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cav"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Cave</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A hollow way, adapted to cover
troops, and facilitate their aproach to a place.</def>
<i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cav"i*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Containing a body cavity; as, the
<i>cavitary</i> or nematoid worms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cav"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cavities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>cavus</i> hollow: cf. F.
<i>cavit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hollowness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cavity</i> or hollowness of the place.<BR>
<i>Goodwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hollow place; a hollow; as, the
abdominal <i>cavity</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An instrument with a small <i>cavity</i>, like a
small spoon</blockquote>. <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Abnormal spaces or excavations are frequently
formed in the lungs, which are designated <i>cavities</i> or
vomic&aelig;.<BR>
<i>Quain.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Body cavity</b></col>, <cd>the c&oelig;lum. See under
<u>Body</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ca"vo-re*lie"vo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cavo-
rilievo.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"vo-ri*lie"vo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Sculp.)</i> <def>Hollow relief; sculpture in relief within a
sinking made for the purpose, so no part of it projects beyond
the plain surface around.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*vort"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cavorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cavorting</u>.] <def>To prance ostentatiously; --
said of a horse or his rider.</def> [Local slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca"vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cavies</b></plw> (&?;). [NL. <i>cavia</i>, fr. Brazilian
<i>cabiai</i>: cf. F. <i>cabiai</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
rodent of the genera <i>Cavia</i> and <i>Dolichotis</i>, as the
guinea pig (<i>Cavia cobaya</i>). Cavies are natives of South
America.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Water cavy</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>The
capybara.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Caw</hw> (k&add;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cawed</u> (k&add;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cawing</u>.] [Imitative. &radic;22 Cf.
<u>Chough</u>.] <def>To cry like a crow, rook, or
raven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rising and <i>cawing</i> at the gun's report.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Caw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The cry made by the
crow, rook, or raven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cawk</hw> (k&add;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>cauk</i> limestone. A doublet of <i>chalk</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>An opaque, compact variety of barite, or heavy spar.</def>
[Also written <u>cauk</u>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cawk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Calker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cawk"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
cawk; like cawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cax"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
wig.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cax"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bibliog.)</i>
<def>Any book printed by William <i>Caxton</i>, the first English
printer.</def>  <i>Hansard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Key</u>, a
ledge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cay*enne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Cayenne</i>, a town and island in French Guiana, South
America.] <def>Cayenne pepper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cayenne pepper</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A species of <i>Capsicum</i> (<i>C.
frutescens</i>) with small and intensely pungent fruit.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A very pungent spice made by drying and
grinding the fruits or seeds of several species of the genus
<i>Capsicum</i>, esp. <i>C. annuum</i> and <i>C. Frutescens</i>;
-- called also <i>red pepper</i>. It is used chiefly as a
condiment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cay"man</hw> (k&amacr;"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From the language of Guiana: cf. Sp. <i>caiman</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The south America alligator. See
<u>Alligator</u>.</def> [Sometimes written <i>caiman</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*yu"gas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; <i>sing.</i>
<singw><b>Cayuga</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians formerly inhabiting western New-York, forming part of the
confederacy called the Five Nations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cay*use"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Indian
pony.</def> [Northw. U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*zique"</hw>, <hw>Ca*zic"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>Cacique</i>, fr. the language of
Hayti.] <def>A chief or petty king among some tribes of Indians
in America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cease</hw> (s&emacr;s), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ceased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Ceasing</u>.] [OE. <i>cessen</i>,
<i>cesen</i>, F. <i>cesser</i>, fr. L. <i>cessare</i>, v.
intemsive fr. <i>cedere</i> to withdraw. See <u>Cede</u> , and
cf. <u>Cessation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come to an end;
to stop; to leave off or give over; to desist; as, the noise
<i>ceased</i>.</def> "To <i>cease</i> from strife."  <i>Prov. xx.
3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be wanting; to fail; to pass
away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The poor shall never <i>cease</i> out of the
land.<BR>
<i>Deut. xv. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To intermit; desist; stop; abstain; quit;
discontinue; refrain; leave off; pause; end.</p>

<p><hw>Cease</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put a stop to;
to bring to an end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But he, her fears to <i>cease</i><BR>
Sent down the meek-eyed peace.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cease</i>, then, this impious rage.<BR>
<i>Milton</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cease</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Extinction.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cease"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without pause
or end; incessant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cease"less</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
intermission or end.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cec`i*do*my"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Nl., fr.
Gr. <grk>khki`s</grk>, &?;, a gall nut + <grk>myi^a</grk> a fly.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small dipterous files,
including several very injurious species, as the Hessian fly. See
<u>Hessian fly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"ci*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caecitas</i>, fr. <i>caecus</i> blind: cf. F.
<i>c&eacute;cit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Blindness.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce*cu"tien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caecutire</i> to be blind, fr. <i>caecus</i> blind.]
<def>Partial blindness, or a tendency to blindness.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce"dar</hw> (s&emacr;"d&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>ceder</i>, fr. L. <i>cedrus</i>, Gr. <grk>ke`dros</grk>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name of several evergreen trees. The wood
is remarkable for its durability and fragrant odor.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The cedar of Lebanon is the <i>Cedrus Libani</i>; the
white cedar (<i>Cupressus thyoides</i>) is now called
<i>Cham&oelig;cyparis sph&aelig;roidea</i>; American red cedar is
the <i>Juniperus Virginiana</i>; Spanish cedar, the West Indian
<i>Cedrela odorata</i>. Many other trees with odoriferous wood
are locally called <i>cedar</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Cedar bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
species of chatterer (<i>Ampelis cedrorum</i>), so named from its
frequenting cedar trees; -- called also <i>cherry bird</i>,
<i>Canada robin</i>, and <i>American waxwing</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ce"dar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
cedar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"dared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered, or
furnished with, cedars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"darn</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the cedar or its wood.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cede</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ceded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ceding</u>.] [L. <i>cedere</i> to withdraw, yield; akin to
<i>cadere</i> to fall, and to E. <i>chance</i>; cf. F.
<i>c&eacute;der</i>.] <def>To yield or surrender; to give up; to
resign; as, to <i>cede</i> a fortress, a province, or country, to
another nation, by treaty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people must <i>cede</i> to the government some
of their natural rights.<BR>
<i>Jay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ce*dil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>cedilla</i>, cf. F. <i>c&eacute;dille</i>; dim. of
<i>zeta</i>, the Gr. name of the letter <i>z</i>, because this
letter was formerly written after the <i>c</i>, to give it the
sound of <i>s</i>.] <def>A mark placed under the letter <i>c</i>
[thus, &ccedil;], to show that it is to be sounded like <i>s</i>,
as in <i>fa&ccedil;ade</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"drat</hw> (s&emacr;"dr&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>c&eacute;drat</i>. See <u>Cedar</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Properly the citron, a variety of <i>Citrus medica</i>, with
large fruits, not acid, and having a high perfume.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"drene</hw> (s&emacr;"dr&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rich aromatic oil,
C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>24</sub>, extracted from oil of red cedar,
and regarded as a polymeric terpene; also any one of a class of
similar substances, as the essential oils of cloves, cubebs,
juniper, etc., of which cedrene proper is the type.</def>
[Written also <i>cedren</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ce"drine</hw> (s&emacr;"dr&ibreve;n; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cedrinus</i>, Gr. &?;. See
<u>Cedar</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to cedar or the cedar
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"dri*ret</hw> (s&emacr;"dr&ibreve;*r&ebreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>C&oelig;rulignone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature
of cedar.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ced"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>c&eacute;dule</i>, fr. L. <i>shedula</i>. See <u>Shedule</u>.]
<def>A scroll; a writing; a schedule.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ced"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caeduus</i>, fr. <i>caedere</i> to cut down.] <def>Fit to be
felled.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Eyelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ceil</hw> (s&emacr;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ceiled</u> (s&emacr;ld);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Ceiling</u>.] [From an older
noun, fr. F. <i>ciel</i> heaven, canopy, fr. L. <i>caelum</i>
heaven, vault, arch, covering; cf. Gr. <grk>koi^los</grk>
hollow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To overlay or cover the inner
side of the roof of; to furnish with a ceiling; as, to
<i>ceil</i> a room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The greater house he <i>ceiled</i> with fir
tree.<BR>
<i>2 Chron. iii. 5</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To line or finish a surface, as of a
wall, with plaster, stucco, thin boards, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceil"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cell</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The inside lining of a room overhead;
the under side of the floor above; the upper surface opposite to
the floor.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The lining or finishing
of any wall or other surface, with plaster, thin boards, etc.;
also, the work when done.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The inner planking of a
vessel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Camp ceiling</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Camp</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ceiling boards</b></col>, <cd>Thin
narrow boards used to ceil with.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ceint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cincture</u>.] <def>A girdle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cel"a*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A pale
sea-green color; also, porcelain or fine pottery of this
tint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel"an*dine</hw> (s&ebreve;l"&abreve;n*d&imacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>celidoine</i>, OF. <i>celidoine</i>,
F. <i>ch&eacute;lidoine</i>, fr. L. <i>chelidonia</i> (sc.
<i>herba</i>), fr. <i>chelidonius</i> pertaining to the swallow,
Gr. <grk>chelido`nios</grk>, fr. <grk>chelidw`n</grk> the
swallow, akin to L. <i>hirundo</i> a swallow.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A perennial herbaceous plant (<i>Chelidonium majus</i>) of
the poppy family, with yellow flowers. It is used as a medicine
in jaundice, etc., and its acrid saffron-colored juice is used to
cure warts and the itch; -- called also <i>greater celandine</i>
and <i>swallowwort</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lasser celandine</b></col>, <cd>the pilewort
(<i>Ranunculus Ficaria</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cel"a*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caelatura</i>, fr. <i>caelare</i> to engrave in relief.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or art of engraving or
embossing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is engraved.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cel"e*brant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>celebrans</i>, p. pr. of <i>celebrare</i>. See
<u>Celebrate</u>.] <def>One who performs a public religious rite;
-- applied particularly to an officiating priest in the Roman
Catholic Church, as distinguished from his assistants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel"e*brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Celebrated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Celebrating</u>.] [L. <i>celebratus</i>, p.
p. of <i>celebrare</i> to frequent, to celebrate, fr.
<i>celeber</i> famous.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To extol or honor
in a solemn manner; as, to <i>celebrate</i> the name of the Most
High.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To honor by solemn rites, by
ceremonies of joy and respect, or by refraining from ordinary
business; to observe duly; to keep; as, to <i>celebrate</i> a
birthday.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From even unto even shall ye <i>celebrate</i> your
Sabbath.<BR>
<i>Lev. xxiii. 32.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To perform or participate in, as a
sacrament or solemn rite; to solemnize; to perform with
appropriate rites; as, to <i>celebrate</i> a marriage.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To commemorate; distinguish; honor.  -- To
<u>Celebrate</u>, <u>Commemorate</u>. We <i>commemorate</i>
events which we desire to keep in remembrance, when we recall
them by some special observace; as, to <i>commemorate</i> the
death of our Savior. We <i>celebrate</i> by demonstrations of joy
or solemnity or by appropriate ceremonies; as, to
<i>celebrate</i> the birthday of our Independence.</p>

<p><blockquote>We are called upon to <i>commemorate</i> a
revolution as surprising in its manner as happy in its
consequences.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Earth, water, air, and fire, with feeling
glee,<BR>
Exult to <i>celebrate</i> thy festival.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cel"e*bra`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
celebrity; distinguished; renowned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Celebrated</i> for the politeness of his
manners.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Distinguished; famous; noted; famed; renowned;
illustrious. See <u>Distinguished</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cel`e*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>celebratio</i>.] <def>The act, process, or time of
celebrating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His memory deserving a particular
<i>celebration</i>.<BR>
<i>Clarendok.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Celebration</i> of Mass is equivalent to
offering Mass<BR>
<i>Cath. Dict.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To hasten the <i>celebration</i> of their
marriage.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cel"e*bra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who celebrates; a praiser.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce*le"bri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Famous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce*leb"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Celebrities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>celebritas</i>: cf. F.
<i>c&eacute;l&eacute;brit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Celebration; solemnization.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>celebrity</i> of the marriage.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or condition of being
celebrated; fame; renown; as, the <i>celebrity</i> of
Washington.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An event of great <i>celebrity</i> in the history
of astronomy.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person of distinction or renown; --
usually in the plural; as, he is one of the <i>celebrities</i> of
the place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*le"ri*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Turnip-rooted celery, a from of celery with a large globular
root, which is used for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ler"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>celeritas</i>, from <i>celer</i> swiftm speedy: sf. F.
<i>c&eacute;l&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Rapidity of motion;
quickness; swiftness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time, with all its <i>celerity</i>, moves slowly
to him whose whole employment is to watch its flight.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cel"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>c&eacute;leri</i>, cf. Prov. It. <i>seleno</i>, <i>seler</i>;
fr. Gr. &?; parsley, in Lgr. &amp; NGr. <i>celery</i>. <i>Cf</i>.
<u>Parsley</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the Parsley family
(<i>Apium graveolens</i>), of which the blanched leafstalks are
used as a salad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*les"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>celestial</i>, <i>celestied</i>, fr. L. <i>caelestic</i>, fr.
<i>caelum</i> heaved. See <u>Cell</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to the a&euml;rial regions, or visible
heavens.</def> "The twelve <i>celestial</i> signs."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the spiritual
heaven; heavenly; divine.</def>  "<i>Celestial</i> spirits."
"<i>Celestial</i> light,"  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Celestial city</b></col>, <cd>heaven; the heavenly
Jerusalem.</cd> <i>Bunyan.</i> -- <col><b>Celestial
empire</b></col>, <cd>China; -- so called from the Chinese words,
<i>tien chan</i>, Heavenly Dynasty, as being the kingdom ruled
over by the dynasty appointed by heaven.</cd>  <i>S. W.
Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce*les"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An inhabitant of heaven.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A native of China.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*les"tial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
make celestial.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ce*les"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
celestial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*les"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caelestis</i> heavenly + <i>-fly</i>.] <def>To make like
heaven.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cel"es*tine</hw> (?), <hw>Cel"es*tite</hw> (?), },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>caelestinus</i> bine.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Native strontium sulphate, a mineral so named from its
occasional delicate blue color. It occurs crystallized, also in
compact massive and fibrous forms.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cel"es*tine</hw> (?), <hw>Cel`es*tin"i*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A monk of the
austere branch of the Franciscan Order founded by Celestine V. in
the 13th centry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"li*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>See C&oelig;llac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*lib"a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Celibate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The state of being
unmarried; single life, esp. that of a bachelor, or of one bound
by vows not to marry.</def> "The <i>celibacy</i> of the clergy."
<i>Hallom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cel"i*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aelibatus</i>, fr. <i>caelebs</i> unmarried, single.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Celibate state; celibacy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . preferreth holy <i>celibate</i> before
the estate of marriage.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is unmarried, esp. a bachelor,
or one bound by vows not to marry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel"i*bate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unmarried;
single; as, a <i>celibate</i> state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*lib"a*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
lives unmarried.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cel`i*dog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?; stain, spot + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F.
<i>c&eacute;lidographie</i>.] <def>A description of apparent
spots on the disk of the sun, or on planets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>celle</i>, fr.
L. <i>cella</i>; akin to <i>celare</i> to hide, and E.
<i>hell</i>, <i>helm</i>, <i>conceal</i>. Cf. <u>Hall</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A very small and close apartment, as in a
prison or in a monastery or convent; the hut of a
hermit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heroic confessor in his <i>cell</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small religious house attached to a
monastery or convent.</def> "<i>Cells</i> or dependent priories."
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any small cavity, or hollow
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
space between the ribs of a vaulted roof.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Cella</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A jar of vessel, or a
division of a compound vessel, for holding the exciting fluid of
a battery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the minute
elementary structures, of which the greater part of the various
tissues and organs of animals and plants are composed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; All cells have their origin in the primary cell from
which the organism was developed. In the lowest animal and
vegetable forms, one single cell constitutes the complete
individual, such being called <i>unicelluter orgamisms</i>. A
typical cell is composed of a semifluid mass of protoplasm, more
or less granular, generally containing in its center a nucleus
which in turn frequently contains one or more nucleoli, the whole
being surrounded by a thin membrane, the cell wall. In some
cells, as in those of blood, in the am&oelig;ba, and in embryonic
cells (both vegetable and animal), there is no restricting cell
wall, while in some of the unicelluliar organisms the nucleus is
wholly wanting. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bipolar</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Air cell</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Air cell</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cell development</b></col> <cd>(called also <i>cell
genesis</i>, <i>cell formation</i>, and <i>cytogenesis</i>), the
multiplication, of cells by a process of reproduction under the
following common forms; <i>segmentation</i> or <i>fission</i>,
<i>gemmation</i> or <i>budding</i>, <i>karyokinesis</i>, and
<i>endogenous multiplication</i>. See <u>Segmentation</u>,
<u>Gemmation</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Cell theory</b></col>.
<i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See <i>Cellular theory</i>, under
<u>Cellular</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 231 !></p>

<p><hw>Cell</hw> (s&ebreve;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Celled</u> (s&ebreve;ld).]
<def>To place or inclose in a cell.</def> "<i>Celled</i> under
ground." [R.]  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The part inclosed within the walls of an
ancient temple, as distinguished from the open
porticoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>celer</i>,
OF. <i>celier</i>, F. <i>celier</i>, fr. L. <i>cellarium</i> a
receptacle for food, pantry, fr. <i>cella</i> storeroom. See
<u>Cell</u>.] <def>A room or rooms under a building, and usually
below the surface of the ground, where provisions and other
stores are kept.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel"lar*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The space or storerooms of a cellar; a
cellar.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You hear this fellow in the <i>cellarage</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Chare for storage in a
cellar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel"lar*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>cellararius</i>, equiv. to L. <i>cellarius</i> steward: cf. F.
<i>cell&eacute;rier</i>. See <u>Cellar</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>A steward or butler of a monastery or chapter; one who has
charge of procuring and keeping the provisions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel`lar*et"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim of
<i>cellar</i>.] <def>A receptacle, as in a dining room, for a few
bottles of wine or liquor, made in the form of a chest or coffer,
or a deep drawer in a sideboard, and usually lined with
metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel"lar*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Cellarer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Celled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing a
cell or cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel"le*pore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cella</i> cell + <i>porus</i>, Gr. &?;, passage.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of delicate branching corals,
made up of minute cells, belonging to the Bryozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cell</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing or producing cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cel"lo</hw> (ch&ebreve;l"l&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Cellos</b></plw> (ch&ebreve;l"l&osl;z), It.
<plw><b>Celli</b></plw> (ch&ebreve;l"l&emacr;). <def>A
contraction for <u>Violoncello</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel"lu*lar</hw> (s&ebreve;l"&ubreve;*l&etilde;r; 135),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cellula</i> a little cell: cf. F.
<i>cellulaire</i>. See <u>Cellule</u>.] <def>Consisting of, or
containing, cells; of or pertaining to a cell or cells.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cellular plants</b></col>, <col><b>Cellular
cryptogams</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>those flowerless plants
which have no ducts or fiber in their tissue, as mosses, fungi,
lichens, and alg&aelig;.</cd> -- <col><b>Cellular
theory</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Cell theory</b></col>
<i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a theory, according to which the essential
element of every tissue, either vegetable or animal, is a cell;
the whole series of cells having been formed from the development
of the germ cell and by differentiation converted into tissues
and organs which, both in plants and animals, are to be
considered as a mass of minute cells communicating with each
other.</cd> -- <col><b>Cellular tissue</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <i>conjunctive
tissue</i> under <u>Conjunctive</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Tissue composed entirely of parenchyma, and
having no woody fiber or ducts.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Cel"lu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cellular.</def>  <i>Caldwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cel"lule</hw> (s&ebreve;l"&umacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>cellula</i> a small apartment, dim. of <i>cella</i>: cf.
F. <i>cellule</i>. See <u>Cell</u>.] <def>A small cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel`lu*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cellula</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing or producing
little cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cel`lu*li"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>cellula</i> + <i>-itis</i>.] <def>An inflammantion of the
cellular or areolar tissue, esp. of that lying immediately
beneath the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel"lu*loid`</hw> (s&ebreve;l"&usl;*loid),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cellul</i>ose + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>A
substance composed essentially of gun cotton and camphor, and
when pure resembling ivory in texture and color, but variously
colored to imitate coral, tortoise shell, amber, malachite, etc.
It is used in the manufacture of jewelry and many small articles,
as combs, brushes, collars, and cuffs; -- originally called
<i>xylonite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel"lu*lose`</hw> (s&ebreve;l"&usl;*l&omacr;s`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or containing,
cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cel"lu*lose`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The substance which constitutes the essential part of the
solid framework of plants, of ordinary wood, linen, paper, etc.
It is also found to a slight extent in certain animals, as the
tunicates. It is a carbohydrate,
(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>5</sub>)n, isomeric with
starch, and is convertible into starches and sugars by the action
of heat and acids. When pure, it is a white amorphous mass. See
<u>Starch</u>, <u>Granulose</u>, <u>Lignin</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unsized, well bleached linen paper is merely pure
<i>cellulose</i>.<BR>
<i>Goodale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Starch cellulose</b></col>, <cd>the delicate framework
which remains when the soluble part (granulose) of starch is
removed by saliva or pepsin.</cd>  <i>Goodale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce*lot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
hernia + &?; to cut.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act or operation of
cutting, to relieve the structure in strangulated hernia.</def>
[Frequently written <i>kelotomy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cel"si*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>celstudo</i>, from <i>celsus</i> high: cf. <i>celsitude</i>.]
<def>Height; altitude.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cel"si*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Celsius
thermometer or scale, so called from Anders Celsius, a Swedish
astronomer, who invented it. It is the same as the
<i>centigrade</i> thermometer or scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Celt</hw> (s&ebreve;lt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Celtae</i>, Gr. <grk>Keltoi`</grk>, <grk>Ke`ltai</grk>, pl.:
cf. W. <i>Celtiad</i> one that dwells in a covert, an inhabitant
of the wood, a Celt, fr. <i>celt</i> covert, shelter, <i>celu</i>
to hide.] <def>One of an ancient race of people, who formerly
inhabited a great part of Central and Western Europe, and whose
descendants at the present day occupy Ireland, Wales, the
Highlands of Scotland, and the northern shores of France.</def>
[Written also <i>Kelt</i>. The letter C was pronounced hard in
Celtic languages.]</p>

<p><hw>Celt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>celts</i> a
chisel.] <i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <def>A weapon or implement of
stone or metal, found in the tumuli, or barrows, of the early
Celtic nations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Celt`i*be"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Celtiber</i>, <i>Celtibericus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
the ancient Celtiberia (a district in Spain lying between the
Ebro and the Tagus) or its inhabitants the Celtiberi (Celts of
the river Iberus).</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
inhabitant of Celtiberia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Celt"ic</hw> (s&ebreve;lt"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>Celticus</i>, Gr. <grk>Keltiko`s</grk>. See <u>Celt</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the Celts; as, <i>Celtic</i> people,
tribes, literature, tongue.</def> [Written also
<i>Keltic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Celt"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of
the Celts.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The remains of the old Celtic language are found in the
Gaelic, the Erse or Irish the Manx, and the Welsh and its cognate
dialects Cornish and Bas Breton.</p>

<p><hw>Celt"i*cism</hw> (s&ebreve;l"t&ibreve;*s&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A custom of the Celts, or an idiom of
their language.</def>  <i>Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Celt"i*cize`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render Celtic; to assimilate to the Celts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cem"ba*lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Cymbal</u>.] <def>An old name for the harpsichord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ment"</hw> (s&ebreve;*m&ebreve;nt" <i>or</i>
s&ebreve;m"&ebreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cement</i>,
<i>ciment</i>, F. <i>ciment</i>, fr. L. <i>caementum</i> a rough,
unhewn stone, pieces or chips of marble, from which mortar was
made, contr. fr. <i>caedimentum</i>, fr. <i>caedere</i> to cut,
prob. akin to <i>scindere</i> to cleave, and to E. <i>shed</i>,
v. t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any substance used for making
bodies adhere to each other, as mortar, glue, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of calcined limestone, or a
calcined mixture of clay and lime, for making mortar which will
harden under water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The powder used in cementation. See
<u>Cementation</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Bond of union; that which unites
firmly, as persons in friendship, or men in society.</def> "The
<i>cement</i> of our love."</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The layer of bone
investing the root and neck of a tooth; -- called also
<i>cementum</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydraulic cement</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Hydraulic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cemented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cementing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>cimenter</i>. See
<u>Cement</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
unite or cause to adhere by means of a cement.</def>  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite firmly or closely.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To overlay or coat with cement; as, to
<i>cement</i> a cellar bottom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ment"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
cemented or firmly united; to cohere.</def>  <i>S. Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ment"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to cement, as of a tooth; as, <i>cemental</i>
tubes.</def>  <i>R. Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cem`en*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
cementing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A process which
consists in surrounding a solid body with the powder of other
substances, and heating the whole to a degree not sufficient to
cause fusion, the physical properties of the body being changed
by chemical combination with powder; thus iron becomes steel by
cementation with charcoal, and green glass becomes porcelain by
cementation with sand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ment"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the quality of cementing or uniting firmly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ment"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person or
thing that cements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cem`en*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caementitius</i> pertaining to quarry stones. See
<u>Cement</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <def>Of the nature of
cement.</def> [R.]  <i>Forsyth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cem`e*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a cemetery.</def> "<i>Cemeterial</i> cells." [R.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cem"e*ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cemeteries</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>cemeterium</i>, Gr.
&?; a sleeping chamber, burial place, fr. &?; to put to sleep.]
<def>A place or ground set apart for the burial of the dead; a
graveyard; a churchyard; a necropolis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*nan"thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; empty +
&?; a flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The absence or suppression of
the essential organs (stamens and pistil) in a flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cenatio</i>.] <def>Meal-taking; dining or supping.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cen"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cenatorius</i>, fr. <i>cenare</i> to dine, sup, fr.
<i>cena</i>, <i>coena</i>, dinner, supper.] <def>Of or pertaining
to dinner or supper.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Romans washed, were anointed, and wore a
<i>cenatory</i> garment.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cen"o*bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coenobita</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>koino`bios</grk>;
<grk>koino`s</grk> common + <grk>bi`os</grk> life: cf. F.
<i>c&eacute;nobite</i>.] <def>One of a religious order, dwelling
in a convent, or a community, in opposition to an anchoret, or
hermit, who lives in solitude.</def>  <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cen`o*bit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Cen`o*bit"ic*al</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>c&eacute;nobitique</i>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to a cenobite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"o*bi*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being a cenobite; the belief or practice of a
cenobite.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce*nog"a*my</hw> (s&esl;*n&obreve;g"&adot;*m&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>koino`s</grk> common +
<grk>ga`mos</grk> marriage.] <def>The state of a community which
permits promiscuous sexual intercourse among its members, as in
certain societies practicing communism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"o*taph</hw> (s&esl;n"&osl;*t&adot;f),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kenota`fion</grk>;
<grk>keno`s</grk> empty + <grk>ta`fos</grk> burial, tomb: cf. F.
<i>c&eacute;notaphe</i>.] <def>An empty tomb or a monument
erected in honor of a person who is buried elsewhere.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>cenotaph</i> in Westminster Abbey.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cen"o*taph`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cenotaph.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lord Cobham honored him with a
<i>cenotaphy</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ce`no*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; recent
+ &?; life.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Belonging to the most recent
division of geological time, including the tertiary, or Age of
mammals, and the Quaternary, or Age of man. [Written also
<i>c&aelig;nozoic</i>, <i>cainozoic</i>, <i>kainozoic</i>.] See
<u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is used by many authors as synonymous with
<i>Tertiary</i>, the Quaternary Age not being included.</p>

<p><hw>Cense</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cense</i>, F.
<i>cens</i>, L. <i>census</i>. See <u>Census</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A census; -- also, a public rate or
tax.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell. Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Condition; rank.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cense</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Censed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Censing</u>.] [Abbrev. from <i>incense</i>.] <def>To perfume
with odors from burning gums and spices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Salii sing and <i>cense</i> his altars
round.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cense</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To burn or
scatter incense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>incenser</i>, fr. OF. <i>encensier</i>, F. <i>encensoir</i>,
fr. LL. <i>incensarium</i>, <i>incensorium</i>, fr. L.
<i>incensum</i> incense. See <u>Incense</u>, and cf.
<u>Incensory</u>.] <def>A vessel for perfumes; esp. one in which
incense is burned.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ecclesiastical censer is usually cup-shaped, has a
cover pierced with holes, and is hung by chains. The censer
bearer swings it to quicken the combustion.</p>

<p><blockquote>Her thoughts are like the fume of frankincense<BR>
Which from a golden <i>censer</i> forth doth rise.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cen"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>censor</i>,
fr. <i>censere</i> to value, tax.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>One of two magistrates of Rome who took a
register of the number and property of citizens, and who also
exercised the office of inspector of morals and
conduct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is empowered to examine
manuscripts before they are committed to the press, and to forbid
their publication if they contain anything obnoxious; -- an
official in some European countries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One given to fault-finding; a
censurer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor can the most circumspect attention, or steady
rectitude, escape blame from <i>censors</i> who have no
inclination to approve.<BR>
<i>Rambler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A critic; a reviewer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Received with caution by the <i>censors</i> of the
press.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cen*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to a censor, or to the
correction of public morals.</def>  <i>Junius.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of censure; censorious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>censorial</i> declamation of Juvenal.<BR>
<i>T. Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cen*so"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Censorial.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cen*so"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>censorius</i> pertaining to the censor. See <u>Censor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Addicted to censure; apt to blame or
condemn; severe in making remarks on others, or on their writings
or manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dogmatical spirit inclines a man to be
<i>consorious</i> of his neighbors.<BR>
<i>Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Implying or expressing censure; as,
<i>censorious</i> remarks.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fault-finding; carping; caviling; captious;
severe; condemnatory; hypercritical.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Cen*so"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cen*so"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cen"sor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office or power of a censor; as, to stand for a
<i>censorship</i>.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The press was not indeed at that moment under a
general <i>censorship</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cen"su*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>censualis</i>, fr. <i>census</i>.] <def>Relating to, or
containing, a census.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He caused the whole realm to be described in a
<i>censual</i> roll.<BR>
<i>Sir R. Baker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cen"sur*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Deserving of censure; blamable; culpable; reprehensible; as,
a <i>censurable</i> person, or <i>censurable</i>
conduct.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cen"sur*a*bleness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cen"sur*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cen"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>censura</i>
fr. <i>censere</i>: cf. F. <i>censure</i>. Cf. <u>Censor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Judgment either favorable or unfavorable;
opinion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Take each man's <i>censure</i>, but reserve thy
judgment.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of blaming or finding fault
with and condemning as wrong; reprehension; blame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both the <i>censure</i> and the praise were
merited.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Judicial or ecclesiastical sentence or
reprimand; condemnatory judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Excommunication or other <i>censure</i> of the
church.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blame; reproof; condemnation; reprobation;
disapproval; disapprobation; reprehension; animadversion;
reprimand; reflection; dispraise; abuse.</p>

<p><hw>Cen"sure</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Censured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Censuring</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>ensurer</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form or express a judgment in regard
to; to estimate; to judge.</def> [Obs.] "Should I say more, you
might well <i>censure</i> me a flatterer."  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To find fault with and condemn as
wrong; to blame; to express disapprobation of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I may be <i>censured</i> that nature thus gives
way to loyalty.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To condemn or reprimand by a judicial
or ecclesiastical sentence.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To blame; reprove; rebuke; condemn; reprehend;
reprimand.</p>

<p><hw>Cen"sure</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
judge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cen"sur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
censures.</def>  <i>Sha.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cen"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>census</i>,
fr. <i>censere</i>. See <u>Censor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot. Antiq.)</i> <def>A numbering of the people, and
valuation of their estate, for the purpose of imposing taxes,
etc.; -- usually made once in five years.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An official registration of the number
of the people, the value of their estates, and other general
statistics of a country.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A general census of the United States was first taken
in 1790, and one has been taken at the end of every ten years
since.</p>

<p><hw>Cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cent</i>
hundred, L. <i>centum</i>. See <u>Hundred</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hundred; as, ten per <i>cent</i>, the
proportion of ten parts in a hundred.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A United States coin, the hundredth
part of a dollar, formerly made of copper, now of copper, tin,
and zinc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An old game at cards, supposed to be
like piquet; -- so called because 100 points won the game.</def>
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cent"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rate by the
hundred; percentage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>centum</i> a
hundred.] <def>A weight of one hundred pounds avoirdupois; --
called in many parts of the United States a
<i>Hundredweight</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Relating to a
hundred.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cental system</b></col>, <cd>the method of buying and
selling by the cental, or hundredweight.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>centiare</i>; <i>centi-</i> (L. <i>centum</i>) + <i>-are</i>.]
<def>A measure of area, the hundredth part of an are; one square
meter, or about 1&frac15; square yards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"taur</hw> (s&ebreve;n"t&add;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>centaurus</i>, Gr. <grk>Ke`ntayros</grk>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A fabulous
being, represented as half man and half horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation in
the southern heavens between Hydra and the Southern
Cross.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cen`tau*re"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Centaury</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large genus of composite
plants, related to the thistles and including the cornflower or
bluebottle (<i>Centaurea Cyanus</i>) and the star thistle (<i>C.
Calcitrapa</i>).</def></p>

<p><! p. 232 !></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tau*ry</hw> (s&ebreve;n"t&add;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>centaureum</i> and <i>centauria</i>,
Gr. <grk>kentay`rion</grk>, <grk>kentay`reion</grk>, and
<grk>kentayri`h</grk>, fr. the Centaur Chiron.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A gentianaceous plant not fully identified. The name is
usually given to the <i>Eryther&aelig;a Centaurium</i> and the
<i>Chlora perfoliata</i> of Europe, but is also extended to the
whole genus <i>Sabbatia</i>, and even to the unrelated
<i>Centaurea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen`te*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
relating to a hundred years.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
person a hundred years old.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"te*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centenarius</i>, fr. <i>centum</i> a hundred.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or consisting of, a
hundred.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Occurring once in every hundred years;
centennial.</def> "<i>Centenary</i> solemnities."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cen"te*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Centenaries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
aggregate of a hundred single things; specifically, a
century.</def> "Every <i>centenary</i> of years."
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A commemoration or celebration of an
event which occurred a hundred years before.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*ten"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centum</i> a hundred + <i>annus</i> year.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Relating to, or associated with, the commemoration of an
event that happened a hundred years before; as, a
<i>centennial</i> ode.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Happening once in a hundred years; as,
<i>centennial</i> jubilee; a <i>centennial</i>
celebration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lasting or aged a hundred
years.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That opened through long lines<BR>
Of sacred ilex and <i>centennial</i> pines.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cen*ten"ni*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
celebration of the hundredth anniversary of any event; a
centenary.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cen*ten"ni*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once in
a hundred years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>centre</i>,
fr. L. <i>centrum</i>, fr. round which a circle is described, fr.
&?; to prick, goad.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A point equally
distant from the extremities of a line, figure, or body, or from
all parts of the circumference of a circle; the middle point or
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The middle or central portion of
anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A principal or important point of
concentration; the nucleus around which things are gathered or to
which they tend; an object of attention, action, or force; as, a
<i>center</i> of attaction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The earth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Those members of a legislative
assembly (as in France) who support the existing government. They
sit in the middle of the legislative chamber, opposite the
presiding officer, between the conservatives or monarchists, who
sit on the right of the speaker, and the radicals or advanced
republicans who occupy the seats on his left, See <u>Right</u>,
and <u>Left</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A temporary structure
upon which the materials of a vault or arch are supported in
position until the work becomes self-supporting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the two conical steel pins, in a lathe, etc., upon which the
work is held, and about which it revolves.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A conical recess, or indentation, in the
end of a shaft or other work, to receive the point of a center,
on which the work can turn, as in a lathe.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a lathe the <col><b>live center</b></col> is in the
spindle of the head stock; the <col><b>dead center</b></col> is
on the tail stock. <col><b>Planer centers</b></col> are stocks
carrying centers, when the object to be planed must be turned on
its axis.</p>

<p><col><b>Center of an army</b></col>, <cd>the body or troops
occupying the place in the line between the wings.</cd> --
<col><b>Center of a</b></col> <col><b>curve or surface</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A point such that every
line drawn through the point and terminated by the curve or
surface is bisected at the point.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The fixed point of reference in polar co&ouml;rdinates. See
<u>Co&ouml;rdinates</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Center of curvature of a
curve</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the center of that circle
which has at any given point of the curve closer contact with the
curve than has any other circle whatever. See <u>Circle</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Center of a fleet</b></col>, <cd>the division or
column between the van and rear, or between the weather division
and the lee.</cd> -- <col><b>Center of gravity</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>that point of a body about which all its
parts can be balanced, or which being supported, the whole body
will remain at rest, though acted upon by gravity.</cd> --
<col><b>Center of gyration</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>that
point in a rotating body at which the whole mass might be
concentrated (theoretically) without altering the resistance of
the intertia of the body to angular acceleration or
retardation.</cd> -- <col><b>Center of inertia</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the center of gravity of a body or system of
bodies.</cd> -- <col><b>Center of motion</b></col>, <cd>the point
which remains at rest, while all the other parts of a body move
round it.</cd> -- <col><b>Center of oscillation</b></col>,
<cd>the point at which, if the whole matter of a suspended body
were collected, the time of oscillation would be the same as it
is in the actual form and state of the body.</cd> --
<col><b>Center of percussion</b></col>, <cd>that point in a body
moving about a fixed axis at which it may strike an obstacle
without communicating a shock to the axis.</cd> -- <col><b>Center
of pressure</b></col> <i>(Hydros.)</i>, <cd>that point in a
surface pressed by a fluid, at which, if a force equal to the
whole pressure and in the same line be applied in a contrary
direction, it will balance or counteract the whole pressure of
the fluid.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cen"ter</hw>, <hw>Cen"tre</hw>  } <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Centered</u> or
<u>Centred</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Centering</u> or <u>Centring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be placed in a center; to be central.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be collected to a point; to be
concentrated; to rest on, or gather about, as a center.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where there is no visible truth wherein to
<i>center</i>, error is as wide as men's fancies.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Our hopes must <i>center</i> in ourselves
alone.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cen"ter</hw> , <hw>Cen"tre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place or fix in the
center or on a central point.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To collect to a point; to
concentrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy joys are <i>centered</i> all in me alone.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To form a recess or
indentation for the reception of a center.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cen"ter*bit`</hw>, <hw>Cen"tre*bit`</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument turning on a center, for
boring holes. See <u>Bit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cen"ter*board`</hw>, <hw>Cen"tre*board</hw>, } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A movable or sliding
keel formed of a broad board or slab of wood or metal which may
be raised into a water-tight case amidships, when in shallow
water, or may be lowered to increase the area of lateral
resistance and prevent leeway when the vessel is beating to
windward. It is used in vessels of all sizes along the coast of
the United States</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"ter*fire` car"tridge</hw>. <def>See under
<u>Cartridge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Center</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def>
[Written also <i>centring</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Cen"ter*piece`</hw>, <hw>Cen"tre*piece`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ornament to be placed in the center,
as of a table, ceiling, atc.; a central article or
figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*tes"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centesimus</i> the hundredth, fr. <i>centum</i> a hundred: cf.
F. <i>cent&eacute;simal</i>.] <def>Hundredth.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hundredth part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The neglect of a few <i>centesimals</i>.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cen*tes`i*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centesimore</i> to take out or select every hundredth, fr.
<i>centesimus</i> hundredth.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The infliction
of the death penalty upon one person in every hundred, as in
cases of mutiny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*tes"i*mo</hw> (s&ebreve;n"t&ebreve;s"&ibreve;*m&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-mi</b></plw> (-
m&emacr;). [It. &amp; Sp.] <def>A copper coin of Italy and Spain
equivalent to a centime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tesm</hw> (s&ebreve;n"t&ebreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>centesima</i>.]
<def>Hundredth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"ti*are`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<i>Centare</i>.] <def>See <u>centare</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen`ti*cip"i*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centiceps</i>, <i>-cipitis</i>; <i>centum</i> a hunder +
<i>caput</i> head.] <def>Hundred-headed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*tif"i*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centifidus</i>; <i>centum + findere</i> to split.]
<def>Divided into a hundred parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen`ti*fo"li*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centifolius</i>; <i>centum + folium</i> leaf.] <def>Having a
hundred leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"ti*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centum</i> a hundred + <i>gradus</i> degree: cf. F.
<i>centigrade</i>.] <def>Consisting of a hundred degrees;
graduated into a hundred divisions or equal parts.</def>
Specifically: <def>Of or pertaining to the centigrade
thermometer; as, 10&deg; <i>centigrade</i> (or 10&deg;
<i>C.</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Centigrade thermometer</b></col>, <cd>a thermometer
having the zero or 0 at the point indicating the freezing state
of water, and the distance between that and the point indicating
the boiling state of water divided into one hundred degrees. It
is called also the <i>Celsius thermometer</i>, from Anders
Celsius, the originator of this scale.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cen"ti*gram</hw> (?), <hw>Cen"ti*gramme</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>centigramme</i>; <i>centi-</i> (L.
<i>centum</i>) + <i>gramme</i>.  See <u>Gram</u>.] <def>The
hundredth part of a gram; a weight equal to .15432 of a grain.
See <u>Gram</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cen"ti*li`ter</hw>, <hw>Cen"ti*li`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>centilitre</i>; <i>centi</i> (L.
<i>centum</i>) + <i>litre</i>. See <u>Liter</u>.] <def>The
hundredth part of a liter; a measure of volume or capacity equal
to a little more than six tenths (0.6102) of a cubic inch, or one
third (0.338) of a fluid ounce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*til"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centum</i> hundred + <i>logui</i> to speak.] <def>A work
divided into a hundred parts.</def> [R.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cen`time"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>centesimus</i>. See <u>Centesimal</u>.] <i>(F. Coinage)</i>
<def>The hundredth part of a franc; a small French copper coin
and money of account.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cen"ti*me`ter</hw>, <hw>Cen"ti*me`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>centim&egrave;tre</i>; <i>centi-</i>
(L. <i>centum</i>) + <i>m&egrave;tre</i>. See <u>Meter</u>.]
<def>The hundredth part of a meter; a measure of length equal to
rather more than thirty-nine hundredths (0.3937) of an inch. See
<u>Meter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"ti*nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sentinel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sackville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cen*tin"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centum</i> a hundred + <i>nodus</i> knot: cf. F.
<i>centinode</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A weed with a stem of many
joints (<i>Illecebrum verticillatum</i>); also, the <i>Polygonum
aviculare</i> or knotgrass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"ti*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centipeda</i>; <i>centum</i> a hundred + <i>pes</i>,
<i>pedis</i>, foot: cf. F. <i>centip&egrave;de</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of the <i>Myriapoda</i>; esp.
the large, flattened, venomous kinds of the order Chilopoda,
found in tropical climates. they are many-jointed, and have a
great number of feet.</def> [Written also <i>centipede</i>
(&?;).]</p>

<p><hw>Cen"ti*stere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>centist&egrave;re</i>; <i>centi-</i> (l. <i>centum</i>) +
<i>st&egrave;re</i>.] <def>The hundredth part of a stere, equal
to .353 cubic feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cent"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>centner</i> a hundred-weight, fr. L. <i>centenarius</i> of a
hundred, fr. <i>centum</i> a hundred.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Metal. &amp; Assaying)</i> <def>A weight divisible first into a
hundred parts, and then into smaller parts.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The metallurgists use a weight divided into a hundred
equal parts, each one pound; the whole they call a
<i>centner</i>: the pound is divided into thirty-two parts, or
half ounces; the half ounce into two quarters; and each of these
into two drams.  But the assayers use different weights. With
them a <i>centner</i> is one dram, to which the other parts are
proportioned.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The commercial hundredweight in
several of the continental countries, varying in different places
from 100 to about 112 pounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Centos</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>cento</i> a garment of
several pieces sewed together, patchwork, a poem made up of
various verses of another poem.] <def>A literary or a musical
composition formed by selections from different authors disposed
in a new order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"to*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
composition of a cento; the act or practice of composing a cento
or centos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centralis</i>, fr. <i>centrum</i>: cf. F. <i>central</i>. See
<u>Center</u>.] <def>Relating to the center; situated in or near
the center or middle; containing the center; of or pertaining to
the parts near the center; equidistant or equally accessible from
certain points.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Central force</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a force
acting upon a body towards or away from a fixed or movable
center.</cd> -- <col><b>Center sun</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>a name given to a hypothetical body about which M&auml;dler
supposed the solar system together with all the stars in the
Milky Way, to be revolving. A point near Alcyone in the Pleiades
was supposed to possess characteristics of the position of such a
body.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cen"tral</hw> (?), <hw>||Cen*tra"le</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>centrale</i>, fr. L.
<i>centralis</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The central, or one of the
central, bones of the carpus or or tarsus. In the tarsus of man
it is represented by the navicular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tral*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or condition of being central;
the combination of several parts into one whole;
centralization.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The system by which power is
centralized, as in a government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*tral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Centralities</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The state of being
central; tendency towards a center.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Meantime there is a great <i>centrality</i>, a
centripetence equal to the centrifugence.<BR>
<i>R. W. Emerson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cen`tral*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>centralisation</i>.] <def>The act or process of centralizing,
or the state of being centralized; the act or process of
combining or reducing several parts into a whole; as, the
<i>centralization</i> of power in the general government; the
<i>centralization</i> of commerce in a city.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tral*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Centralized</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Centralizing</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>centraliser</i>.] <def>To draw or bring to a center point; to
gather into or about a center; to bring into one system, or under
one control.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[To] <i>centralize</i> the power of
government.<BR>
<i>Bancroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a central
manner or situation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Center</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cen"tric</hw> (?), <hw>Cen"tric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Placed in the center or middle;
central.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At York or some other <i>centrical</i> place.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cen"tric*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cen"tric*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cen*tric"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being centric; centricalness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*trif"u*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centrum</i> center + <i>fugere</i> to flee.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending, or causing, to recede from the
center.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Expanding first at the summit, and later at the base, as a
flower cluster.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having the radicle
turned toward the sides of the fruit, as some embryos.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Centrifugal force</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a
force whose direction is from a center.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; When a body moves in a circle with uniform velocity, a
force must act on the body to keep it in the circle without
change of velocity. The direction of this force is towards the
center of the circle. If this force is applied by means of a
string to the body, the string will be in a state of tension. To
a person holding the other end of the string, this tension will
appear to be directed toward the body as if the body had a
tendency to move away from the center of the circle which it is
describing. Hence this latter force is often called
<i>centrifugal force</i>. The force which really acts on the body
being directed towards the center of the circle is called
<i>centripetal force</i>, and in some popular treatises the
centripetal and centrifugal forces are described as opposing and
balancing each other. But they are merely the different aspects
of the same stress.  <i>Clerk Maxwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Centrifugal impression</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>,
<cd>an impression (motor) sent from a nerve center
<i>outwards</i> to a muscle or muscles by which motion is
produced.</cd> -- <col><b>Centrifugal machine</b></col>, <cd>A
machine for expelling water or other fluids from moist
substances, or for separating liquids of different densities by
centrifugal action; a whirling table.</cd> -- <col><b>Centrifugal
pump</b></col>, <cd>a machine in which water or other fluid is
lifted and discharged through a pipe by the energy imparted by a
wheel or blades revolving in a fixed case. Some of the largest
and most powerful pumps are of this kind.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cen*trif"u*gal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
centrifugal machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*trif"u*gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
property or quality of being centrifugal.</def>  <i>R. W.
Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tring</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Centring</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*trip"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centrum</i> center + <i>petere</i> to move toward.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending, or causing, to approach the
center.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Expanding first at the base of the inflorescence, and
proceeding in order towards the summit.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Having the radicle turned toward the axis of the fruit, as
some embryos.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Progressing by changes from the
exterior of a thing toward its center; as, the <i>centripetal</i>
calcification of a bone.</def>  <i>R. Owen.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Centripetal force</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a
force whose direction is towards a center, as in case of a planet
revolving round the sun, the center of the system, See
<i>Centrifugal force</i>, under <u>Centrifugal</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Centripetal impression</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>,
<cd>an impression (sensory) transmitted by an afferent nerve from
the exterior of the body <i>inwards</i>, to the central
organ.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cen*trip"e*tence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Centripetency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*trip"e*ten*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Tendency toward the center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*tris"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Centriscus</i> (r. Gr. &?; a kind of fish) + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Allied to, or resembling, the genus
<i>Centriscus</i>, of which the bellows fish is an
example.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen`tro*bar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. (&?;)
&?; a treatise of Archimedes on finding the center of gravity,
fr. &?; gravitating toward the center; &?; center + &?; weight.]
<def>Relating to the center of gravity, or to the process of
finding it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Centrobaric method</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a
process invented for the purpose of measuring the area or the
volume generated by the rotation of a line or surface about a
fixed axis, depending upon the principle that every figure formed
by the revolution of a line or surface about such an axis has for
measure the product of the line or surface by the length of the
path of its center of gravity; -- sometimes called <i>theorem of
Pappus</i>, also, incorrectly, <i>Guldinus's properties</i>. See
<i>Barycentric calculus</i>, under <u>Calculus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 233  !></p>

<p><hw>Cen"trode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Kinematics)</i> <def>In two figures having relative motion,
one of the two curves which are the loci of the instantaneous
center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"troid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centrum</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>The center of mass, inertia,
or gravity of a body or system of bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen`tro*lec"i*thal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
center + &?; yolk of an egg.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the food
yolk placed at the center of the ovum, segmentation being either
regular or unequal.</def>  <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cen`tro*lin"e*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
instrument for drawing lines through a point, or lines converging
to a center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen`tro*lin"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centrum</i> + <i>linea</i> line.] <def>Converging to a center;
-- applied to lines drawn so as to meet in a point or
center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tro*some`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
center + -&?; the body.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A peculiar rounded
body lying near the nucleus of a cell. It is regarded as the
dynamic element by means of which the machinery of cell division
is organized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen`tro*stal"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
center + &?; checking.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A term applied to
the action of nerve force in the spinal center.</def>
<i>Marshall Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cen"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Centrums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Centra</b></plw> (#).
[L., center.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The body, or axis, of a
vertebra. See <u>Vertebra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sentry</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cen*tum"vir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Centumviri</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. <i>centum</i> hundred
+ <i>Vir</i> man.] <i>(Rom. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a court of
about one hundred judges chosen to try civil suits. Under the
empire the court was increased to 180, and met usually in four
sections.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*tum"vi*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centumvitalis</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the centumviri,
or to a centumvir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*tum"vi*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>centumvirat</i>.] <def>The office of a centumvir, or of the
centumviri.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tu*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centuplex</i>; <i>centum + plicare</i> to fold; cf. F.
<i>centuple</i>.] <def>Hundredfold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tu*ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To increase
a hundredfold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*tu"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Centuplicated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Centuplicating</u>.] [L.
<i>centuplicare</i>. See <u>Centuple</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>To make a hundredfold; to repeat a hundred times.</def> [R.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cen*tu"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Century</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a century; as, a
<i>centurial</i> sermon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cen*tu"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centuriatus</i>, p. p. of <i>centuriare</i> to divide (men)
into centuries.] <def>Pertaining to, or divided into, centuries
or hundreds.</def> [R.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cen*tu"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>century</u>.] <def>To divide into hundreds.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Cen*tu"ri*a`tor</hw> (?), <hw>Cen"tu*rist</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>centuriateur</i>.] <def>An
historian who distinguishes time by centuries, esp. one of those
who wrote the "Magdeburg Centuries." See under
<u>Century</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cen*tu"ri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>centurio</i>, fr. <i>centuria</i>; cf. F. <i>centurion</i>.
See <u>Century</u>.] <i>(Rom. Hist.)</i> <def>A military officer
who commanded a minor division of the Roman army; a captain of a
century.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>centurion</i> of the hand called the Italian
band.<BR>
<i>Acts x. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tu*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Centuries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>centuria</i> (in senses 1
& 3), fr. <i>centum</i> a hundred: cf. F. <i>centurie</i>. See
<u>Cent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hundred; as, a
<i>century</i> of sonnets; an aggregate of a hundred
things.</def> [Archaic.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And on it said a <i>century</i> of prayers.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A period of a hundred years; as, this
event took place over two <i>centuries</i> ago.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Century</i>, in the reckoning of time, although
often used in a general way of any series of hundred consecutive
years (as, a <i>century</i> of temperance work), usually
signifies a division of the Christian era, consisting of a period
of one hundred years ending with the hundredth year from which it
is named; as, the <i>first century</i> (<u>a</u>. <u>d</u>. 1-100
inclusive); the <i>seventh century</i> (<u>a</u>.<u>d</u>. 601-
700); the <i>eighteenth century</i> (<u>a</u>.<u>d</u>. 1701-
1800). With words or phrases connecting it with some other system
of chronology it is used of similar division of those eras; as,
the <i>first century</i> of Rome (A.U.C.  1-100).</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A division of the Roman people formed according to their
property, for the purpose of voting for civil officers.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of sixty companies into which a
legion of the army was divided. It was Commanded by a
centurion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Century plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
<i>Agave Americana</i>, formerly supposed to flower but once in a
century; -- hence the name. See <u>Agave</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>The
Magdeburg Centuries</b></col>, <cd>an ecclesiastical history of
the first thirteen centuries, arranged in thirteen volumes,
compiled in the 16th century by Protestant scholars at
Magdeburg.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ce*pev"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cepa</i> an onion + <i>varare</i> to devour.] <def>Feeding
upon onions.</def> [R.]  <i>Sterling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ceph"a*lad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kefalh`</grk> head + L. <i>ad</i> toward.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Forwards; towards the head or anterior
extremity of the body; opposed to <i>caudad</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ceph`a*lal"gi*a</hw> (?), <hw>Ceph"a*lal`gy</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cephalalgia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; + &?;
pain: cf. F. <i>c&eacute;phalalgie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pain
in the head; headache.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph`a*lal"gic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cephalalgicus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Relating to,
or affected with, headache.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
remedy for the headache.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ceph`a*lan"thi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; + &?; flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Anthodium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ceph`a*las"pis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>kefalh`</grk> head + &?; a shield.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A genus of fossil ganoid fishes found in the old red
sandstone or Devonian formation. The head is large, and protected
by a broad shield-shaped helmet prolonged behind into two lateral
points.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ceph`a*la"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>kefalh`</grk> head.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large division of Mollusca, including all except the bivalves; --
so called because the head is distinctly developed. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph"a*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cephalicus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. <grk>kefalh`</grk> head: cf. F.
<i>c&eacute;phalique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the head. See the Note under <u>Anterior</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cephalic index</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the ratio
of the breadth of the cranium to the length, which is taken as
the standard, and equal to 100; the breadth index.</cd> --
<col><b>Cephalic vein</b></col>, <cd>a large vein running from
the back of the head alond the arm; -- so named because the
ancients used to open it for disorders of the head.</cd>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce*pha"lic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine for
headache, or other disorder in the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ceph`a*li"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>kefalh`</grk> head + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Phrenitis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph`a*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Domination of the head in animal life as expressed in the
physical structure; localization of important organs or parts in
or near the head, in animal development.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ceph"a*lo-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>kefalh`</grk> head.] <def>A
combining form denoting <i>the head</i>, <i>of the head</i>,
<i>connected with the head</i>; as, <i>cephalo</i>some,
<i>cephalo</i>pod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph`a*lo*cer"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cephalo-</i> + Gr. &?; tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Relating to the long axis of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph"a*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cephalo-
</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Shaped like the head.</def>
<i>Craing.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ceph`a*lol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cephalo-</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats
of the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph"a*lo*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cephalo-
</i> + <i>-mere</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the somites
(arthromeres) which make up the head of arthropods.</def>
<i>Packard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ceph`a*lom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cephalo-</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
instrument measuring the dimensions of the head of a fetus during
delivery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ceph"a*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The head.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ceph`a*loph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>kefalh`</grk> head + &?; to bear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cephalata.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ceph"a*lo*pod</hw> (?), <hw>Ceph"a*lo*pode</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Cephalopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ceph`a*lop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
gr. Gr. <grk>kefalh`</grk> head + <i>-poda</i>: cf. F.
<i>c&eacute;phalopode</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The highest
class of Mollusca.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have, around the front of the head, a group of
elongated muscular arms, which are usually furnished with
prehensile suckers or hooks. The head is highly developed, with
large, well organized eyes and ears, and usually with a
cartilaginous brain case. The higher forms, as the cuttlefishes,
squids, and octopi, swim rapidly by ejecting a jet of water from
the tubular siphon beneath the head. They have a pair of powerful
horny jaws shaped like a parrot's beak, and a bag of inklike
fluid which they can eject from the siphon, thus clouding the
water in order to escape from their enemies. They are divided
into two orders, the Dibranchiata, having two gills and eight or
ten sucker-bearing arms, and the Tetrabranchiata, with four gills
and numerous arms without suckers. The latter are all extinct
except the <i>Nautilus</i>. See <u>Octopus</u>, <u>Squid</u>,
<u>Nautilus</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ceph`a*lo*pod"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ceph`a*lop"o*dous</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging
to, or resembling, the cephalopods.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ceph`a*lop"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>kefalh`</grk> head + &?; wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the generic names of the gigantic ray (<i>Manta
birostris</i>), known as <i>devilfish</i> and <i>sea devil</i>.
It is common on the coasts of South Carolina, Florida, and
farther south. Some of them grow to enormous size, becoming
twenty feet of more across the body, and weighing more than a
ton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph"a*lo*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cephalo-
</i> + <i>-some</i> body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The anterior
region or head of insects and other arthropods.</def>
<i>Packard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ceph"a*lo*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cephalo-</i> + Gr. &?; a pillar.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
anterior end of the notochord and its bony sheath in the base of
cartilaginous crania.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph`a*lo*tho"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cephalo-</i> + <i>thorax</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
anterior portion of any one of the Arachnida and higher
Crustacea, consisting of the united head and thorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph"a*lo*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cephalo-
</i> + Gr. &?; to cut.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument for
cutting into the fetal head, to facilitate delivery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph`a*lot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dissection or opening of the
head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Craniotomy; -- usually
applied to bisection of the fetal head with a saw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph"a*lo*tribe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cephalo-</i> + Gr. to rub, grind.] <def>An obstetrical
instrument for performing cephalotripsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph"a*lo*trip`sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cephalotribe</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act or operation of
crushing the head of a fetus in the womb in order to effect
delivery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ceph`a*lot"ro*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>kefalh`</grk> head + &?; wheel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A kind of annelid larva with a circle of cilia around the
head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kefalh`</grk> head.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a head;
-- applied chiefly to the Cephalata, a division of
mollusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"pheus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>A northern constellation near the pole. Its head, which is
in the Milky Way, is marked by a triangle formed by three stars
of the fourth magnitude. See <u>Cassiopeia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cera</i>
wax.] <def>Having the texture and color of new wax; like wax;
waxy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ra"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cera</i>
wax.] <def>Beebread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ram"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
earthenware. Cf. <u>Keramic</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
pottery; relating to the art of making earthenware; as,
<i>ceramic</i> products; <i>ceramic</i> ornaments for
ceilings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ram"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ceramic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of making things
of baked clay; as pottery, tiles, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Work formed of clay in
whole or in part, and baked; as, vases, urns, etc.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce*rar"gy*rite</hw> (s&esl;*r&auml;r"j&ybreve;*r&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ke`ras</grk> horn +
<grk>'a`rgyros</grk> silver.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native silver
chloride, a mineral of a white to pale yellow or gray color,
darkening on exposure to the light. It may be cut by a knife,
like lead or horn (hence called <i>horn silver</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"a*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white amorphous substance, the insoluble part of cherry
gum; -- called also <i>meta-arabinic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A gummy mucilaginous
substance; -- called also <i>bassorin</i>, <i>tragacanthin</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ras"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or containing,
cerasin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of a cherry color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ce*ras"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a horned
serpent, fr. Gr. <grk>kera`sths</grk> horned, fr.
<grk>ke`ras</grk> horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
poisonous African serpents, with a horny scale over each eye; the
horned viper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ceratum</i>,
ceratm, fr. <i>cera</i> wax.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An unctuous
preparation for external application, of a consistence
intermediate between that of an ointment and a plaster, so that
it can be spread upon cloth without the use of heat, but does not
melt when applied to the skin.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Cerate</i> consists essentially of wax (for which
resin or spermaceti is sometimes substituted) mixed with oil,
lard, and various medicinal ingredients. The cerate (formerly
called <i>simple cerate</i>) of the United States Pharmacopoeia
is a mixture of three parts of white wax and seven parts of
lard.</p>

<p><hw>Ce"ra*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ceratus</i>, p. p. of <i>cerare</i> to wax, fr. <i>cera</i>
wax.] <def>Covered with wax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"a*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
fallacy called "the horns." fr. <grk>ke`ras</grk> a horn.]
<i>(Logic.)</i> <def>Sophistical.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cer`a*to*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ke`ras</grk>, <grk>ke`ratos</grk>, horn +
<grk>bra`gchia</grk>, <i>n. pl.</i>, gills.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A group of nudibranchiate Mollusca having on the back
papilliform or branched organs serving as gills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`a*to*bran"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the bone, or cartilage, below
the epibranchial in a branchial arch.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ceratobranchial bone, or
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ce*rat"o*dus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>ke`ras</grk>, <grk>ke`ratos</grk> horn + &?; tooth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of ganoid fishes, of the order
Dipnoi, first known as Mesozoic fossil fishes; but recently two
living species have been discovered in Australian rivers. They
have lungs so well developed that they can leave the water and
breathe in air. In Australia they are called <i>salmon</i> and
<i>baramunda</i>. See <u>Dipnoi</u>, and
<u>Archipterygium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`a*to*hy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ke`ras</grk> horn + the letter &UPSILON;.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the bone, or cartilage, below the epihyal in
the hyoid arch.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ceratohyal
bone, or cartilage, which, in man, forms one of the small horns
of the hyoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cer`a*to*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>ke`ras</grk> a horn + &?; lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A carnivorous American Jurassic dinosaur allied to the
European Megalosaurus. The animal was nearly twenty feet in
length, and the skull bears a bony horn core on the united nasal
bones. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cer`a*to*spon"gi*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ke`ras</grk>,
<grk>ke`ratos</grk> horn + &?; sponge.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of sponges in which the skeleton consists of horny
fibers. It includes all the commercial sponges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*rau"nics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
thunder and lightning.] <def>That branch of physics which treats
of heat and electricity.</def>  <i>R. Park.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce*rau"no*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
thunder and lightning + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An instrument or
apparatus employed in the ancient mysteries to imitate thunder
and lightning.</def>  <i>T. Moore.</i></p>

<p><! p. 234 !></p>

<p><hw>Cer*be"re*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to, or resembling, Cerberus.</def> [Written also
<i>Cerberian</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With wide <i>Cerberean</i> mouth.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cer"be*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. Cerberus (in
sense 1), gr. &?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A monster, in
the shape of a three-headed dog, guarding the entrance into the
infernal regions, Hence: Any vigilant custodian or guardian, esp.
if surly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of East
Indian serpents, allied to the pythons; the bokadam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; tail.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cer*ca"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cercarle</b></plw> (&?;) [NL., fr. Gr. &?; tail.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larval form of a trematode worm
having the shape of a tadpole, with its body terminated by a
tail-like appendage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer*ca"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of, like, or pertaining to, the
Cercari&aelig;.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Cercari&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"co*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; tail +
<i>-pod</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the jointed
antenniform appendages of the posterior somites of certain
insects.</def>  <i>Packard.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cer"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cerci</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; tail.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Cercopod</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cera</i> wax:
cf. F. <i>cire</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The soft naked
sheath at the base of the beak of birds of prey, parrots, and
some other birds. See <u>Beak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cere</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cering</u>.] [L. <i>cerare</i>, fr. <i>cera</i> wax: cf. F.
<i>cirer</i>.] <def>To wax; to cover or close with wax.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce"re*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Cerealis</i> pert. to Ceres, and hence, to agriculture. See
<u>Ceres</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the grasses which are
cultivated for their edible seeds (as wheat, maize, rice, etc.),
or to their seeds or grain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"re*al</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any grass
cultivated for its edible grain, or the grain itself; -- usually
in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ce`re*a"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Cereal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>Public festivals in
honor of Ceres.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cereals.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce"re*a*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A nitrogenous substance closely resembling diastase,
obtained from bran, and possessing the power of converting starch
into dextrin, sugar, and lactic acid.</def>  <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cer"e*bel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
cerebellum.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cer`e*bel"lar</hw> (?), <hw>Cer`e*bel"lous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
cerebellum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*bel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
E. <plw><b>Cerebellums</b></plw> (&?;), L.
<plw><b>Cerebella</b></plw> (&?;). [L., dim. of <i>cerebrum</i>
brain.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The large lobe of the hind brain in
front of and above the medulla; the little brain. It controls
combined muscular action. See <u>Brain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"e*bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cerebrum</i> brain; akin to Gr. <grk>ka`ra</grk> head: cf. F.
<i>c&eacute;r&eacute;bral</i>. See <u>Cheer</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the cerebrum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cerebral apoplexy</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Apoplexy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cer"e*bral</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A false translation
of the Skr. <i>m&umacr;rdhanya</i>, lit., head-sounds.] <def>One
of a class of lingual consonants in the East Indian languages.
See <u>Lingual</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>&fist; Prof. W. D. Whitney calls these letters
<i>linguals</i>, and this is their usual designation in the
United States.</p>

<p><hw>Cer"e*bral*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The doctrine or theory that psychical
phenomena are functions or products of the brain only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"e*bral*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
accepts cerebralism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"e*brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To exhibit mental activity; to have the
brain in action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Action
of the brain, whether conscious or unconscious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"e*bric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or derived from, the brain.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cerebric acid</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
name formerly sometimes given to cerebrin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*bric"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Brain
power.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ce*reb"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cerebrum</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Like the brain in form or
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*brif"u*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cerebrum</i> + L. <i>fugere</i> to flee.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Applied to those nerve fibers which go from the brain to the
spinal cord, and so transfer cerebral impulses (centrifugal
impressions) outwards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"e*brin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cerebrum</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A nonphosphorized,
nitrogenous substance, obtained from brain and nerve tissue by
extraction with boiling alcohol. It is uncertain whether it
exists as such in nerve tissue, or is a product of the
decomposition of some more complex substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*brip"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cerebrum</i> + L. <i>petere</i> to seek.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Applied to those nerve fibers which go from the spinal cord
to the brain and so transfer sensations (centripetal impressions)
from the exterior inwards.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cer`e*bri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
E. <i>cerebrum</i> + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of the cerebrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"e*broid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cerebrum</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling, or analogous
to, the cerebrum or brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*brol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cerebrum</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats
of the cerebrum or brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*brop"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cerebrum</i> + Gr. &?; suffering.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
hypochondriacal condition verging upon insanity, occurring in
those whose brains have been unduly taxed; -- called also
<i>brain fag</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*bros"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cerebrum</i> + <i>-scopy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Examination
of the brain for the diagnosis of disease; esp., the act or
process of diagnosticating the condition of the brain by
examination of the interior of the eye (as with an
ophthalmoscope).</def>  <i>Buck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*brose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cerebrum</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A sugarlike body
obtained by the decomposition of the nitrogenous non-phosphorized
principles of the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*bro-spi"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cerebrum</i> + <i>spinal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the central nervous system consisting of the brain
and spinal cord.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cerebro-spinal fluid</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>,
<cd>a serous fluid secreted by the membranes covering the brain
and spinal cord.</cd> -- <col><b>Cerebro-spinal
meningitis</b></col>, <col><b>Cerebro-spinal fever</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a dangerous epidemic, and endemic, febrile
disease, characterized by inflammation of the membranes of the
brain and spinal cord, giving rise to severe headaches,
tenderness of the back of the neck, paralysis of the ocular
muscles, etc. It is sometimes marked by a cutaneous eruption,
when it is often called <i>spotted fever</i>. It is not
contagious.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cer"e*brum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Cerebrums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Cerebra</b></plw>
(#). [L., the brain.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The anterior, and in
man the larger, division of the brain; the seat of the reasoning
faculties and the will. See <u>Brain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cere"cloth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cera</i>
wax + E. <i>cloth</i>.] <def>A cloth smeared with melted wax, or
with some gummy or glutinous matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Linen, besmeared with gums, in manner of
<i>cerecloth</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cere"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cera</i>
wax: cf. F. <i>cirement</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
cerecloth used for the special purpose of enveloping a dead body
when embalmed.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any shroud or
wrapping for the dead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*mo"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caerimonialis</i>: cf. F. <i>c&eacute;rimonial</i>. See
<u>Ceremony</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to ceremony,
or external rite; ritual; according to the forms of established
rites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ceremonial</i> observances and outward
show.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Observant of forms; ceremonious. [In
this sense <i>ceremonious</i> is now preferred.]</def>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He moves in the dull <i>ceremonial</i> track.<BR>
<i>Druden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*mo"ni*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A system of rules and ceremonies,
enjoined by law, or established by custom, in religious worship,
social intercourse, or the courts of princes; outward
form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gorgeous <i>ceremonial</i> of the Burgundian
court.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The order for rites and forms in the
Roman Catholic church, or the book containing the rules
prescribed to be observed on solemn occasions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*mo"ni*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Adherence to external rites; fondness for
ceremony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*mo"ni*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>According to rites and ceremonies; as, a person
<i>ceremonially</i> unclean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*mo"ni*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Quality of being ceremonial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*mo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>c&eacute;r&eacute;monieux</i>, L. <i>Caerimoniosus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of outward forms and rites;
ceremonial. [In this sense <i>ceremonial</i> is now
preferred.]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ceremonious</i> part of His worship.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to prescribed or customary
rules and forms; devoted to forms and ceremonies; formally
respectful; punctilious.</def> "<i>Ceremonious</i> phrases."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Too <i>ceremonious</i> and traditional.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Formal; precise; exact. See <u>Formal</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*mo"ni*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
ceremonious way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`e*mo"ni*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality, or practice, of being ceremonious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"e*mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ceremonies</b></plw> (#). [F.
<i>c&eacute;r&eacute;monie</i>, L. <i>caerimonia</i>; perh. akin
to E. <i>create</i> and from a root signifying to do or
<i>make</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ar act or series of acts,
often of a symbolical character, prescribed by law, custom, or
authority, in the conduct of important matters, as in the
performance of religious duties, the transaction of affairs of
state, and the celebration of notable events; as, the
<i>ceremony</i> of crowning a sovereign; the <i>ceremonies</i>
observed in consecrating a church; marriage and baptismal
<i>ceremonies</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>According to all the rites of it, and according to
all the <i>ceremonies</i> thereof shall ye keep it [the
Passover].<BR>
<i>Numb. ix. 3</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Bring her up the high altar, that she may<BR>
The sacred <i>ceremonies</i> there partake.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>[The heralds] with awful <i>ceremony</i><BR>
And trumpet's sound, throughout the host proclaim<BR>
A solemn council.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Behavior regulated by strict
etiquette; a formal method of performing acts of civility; forms
of civility prescribed by custom or authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ceremony</i> was but devised at first<BR>
To set a gloss on . . . hollow welcomes . . . <BR>
But where there is true friendship there needs none.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Al <i>ceremonies</i> are in themselves very silly
things; but yet a man of the world should know them.<BR>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A ceremonial symbols; an emblem, as a
crown, scepter, garland, etc.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Disrobe the images,<BR>
If you find them decked with <i>ceremonies</i>.<BR>
 . . . Let no images<BR>
Be hung with C&aelig;sar's trophies.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sign or prodigy; a portent.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>C&aelig;sar, I never stood on
<i>ceremonies</i>,<BR>
Yet, now they fright me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Master of ceremonies</b></col>, <cd>an officer who
determines the forms to be observed, or superintends their
observance, on a public occasion.</cd> -- <col><b>Not to stand on
ceremony</b></col>, <cd>not to be ceremonious; to be familiar,
outspoken, or bold.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ce"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cereus</i>, fr. <i>cera</i> was.] <def>Waxen; like wax.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., Ceres, also
corn, grain, akin to E. <i>create</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The daughter of Saturn and Ops or
Rhea, the goddess of corn and tillage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Actron.)</i> <def>The first discovered
asteroid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"e*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cera</i>
wax.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white wax, made by bleaching and
purifying ozocerite, and used as a substitute for
beeswax.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ce"re*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a wax
candle, fr. <i>cera</i> wax. So named from the resemblance of one
species to the columnar shape of a wax candle.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of plants of the Cactus family. They are natives of
America, from California to Chili.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Although several species flower in the night, the name
<i>Night-blooming cereus</i> is specially applied to the
<i>Cereus grandiflorus</i>, which is cultivated for its
beautiful, shortlived flowers. The <i>Cereus giganteus</i>, whose
columnar trunk is sometimes sixty feet in height, is a striking
feature of the scenery of New Mexico, Texas, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Cer"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Cerrial</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ra</i>
wax + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing wax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cera</i> wax
+ <i>-in</i>: cf. L. <i>cerinus</i> wax-colored.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A waxy substance extracted
by alcohol or ether from cork; sometimes applied also to the
portion of beeswax which is soluble in alcohol.</def>
<i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of the mineral
<i>allanite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*rin"thi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of an ancient religious sect, so called from
<i>Cerinthus</i>, a Jew, who attempted to unite the doctrines of
Christ with the opinions of the Jews and Gnostics.</def>
<i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cer"iph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Type
Founding)</i> <def>One of the fine lines of a letter, esp. one of
the fine cross strokes at the top and bottom of letters.</def>
[Spelt also <i>seriph</i>.]  <i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ce*rise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., a cherry.
See <u>Cherry</u>.] <def>Cherry-colored; a light bright red; --
applied to textile fabrics, especially silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ke`ras</grk> horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gastropod
shell belonging to the family <i>Cerithi&iuml;d&aelig;</i>; -- so
called from its hornlike form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"rite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Cherium</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a brownish of cherry-red color,
commonly massive. It is a hydrous silicate of cerium and allied
metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named by
Berzelius in 1803 from the asteroid <i>Ceres</i>, then just
discovered (1801).] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element,
occurring in the minerals cerite, allanite, monazite, etc.
Symbol Ce.  Atomic weight 141.5. It resembles iron in color and
luster, but is soft, and both malleable and ductile. It tarnishes
readily in the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"nu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cernuus</i> with the face turned toward the earth.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Inclining or nodding downward; pendulous;
drooping; -- said of a bud, flower, fruit, or the capsule of a
moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupt. fr. Sp.
<i>sierra</i> saw, sawfish, cero.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large and valuable fish of the Mackerel family, of the genus
<i>Scomberomorus</i>.  Two species are found in the West Indies
and less commonly on the Atlantic coast of the United States, --
the common cero (<i>Scomberomorus caballa</i>), called also
<i>kingfish</i>, and spotted, or king, cero (<i>S.
regalis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"ro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<i><grk>khro`s</grk></i> wax + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>A writing on
wax.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ce`ro*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ce`ro*graph"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
cerography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*rog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who practices cerography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*rog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>khro`s</grk> wax + <i>-graphy</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of making characters or
designs in, or with, wax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A method of making stereotype plates
from inscribed sheets of wax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>khro`s</grk> wax + <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
hydrous silicate of magnesium, allied to serpentine, occurring in
waxlike masses of a yellow or greenish color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ce*ro"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
ointment for wrestlers, the place for wrestling, fr.
<grk>khroy^n</grk> to wax over, fr. <grk>khro`s</grk> wax.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The unguent (a composition of oil and
wax) with which wrestlers were anointed among the ancient
Romans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Arch.)</i> <def>That part of the
baths and gymnasia in which bathers and wrestlers anointed
themselves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cere of
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>khro`s</grk> wax + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by
dropping melted wax in water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*roon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Seroon</u>.] <def>A bale or package. covered with hide, or
with wood bound with hide; as, a <i>ceroon</i> of indigo,
cochineal, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce`ro*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; for
modeling in wax; <grk>khro`s</grk> wax + &?; to form, mold.]
<i>(Fine arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Relating to the art
of modeling in wax.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Modeled in
wax; as, a <i>ceroplastic</i> figure.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ce`ro*plas"tics</hw> (?), <hw>Ce`ro*plas"ty</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; (sc. &?; art): cf. F.
<i>c&eacute;roplastique</i>.] <def>The art of modeling in
wax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"o*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cera</i>
wax.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A waxy substance obtained from the bark
of the sugar cane, and crystallizing in delicate white
lamin&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"rote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Obs</i>.]
<def>See <u>Cerate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"o*tene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cerotum</i> a pomade. See <u>Cerate</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white waxy solid obtained from Chinese wax, and by the
distillation of cerotin.</def></p>

<p><! p. 235 !></p>

<p><hw>Ce*rot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cerotene</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived
from, beeswax or Chinese wax; as, <i>cerotic</i> acid or
alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"o*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cerotene</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline
substance, C<sub>27</sub>H<sub>55</sub>.OH, obtained from Chinese
wax, and regarded as an alcohol of the marsh gas series; --
called also <i>cerotic alcohol</i>, <i>ceryl
alcohol</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cerreus</i>, fr. <i>cerrus</i> a kind of oak.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the cerris.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chaplets green of <i>cerrial</i> oak.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cer"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cerrus</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of oak (<i>Quercus
cerris</i>) native in the Orient and southern Europe; -- called
also <i>bitter oak</i> and <i>Turkey oak</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>certain</i>, fr. (assumed) LL. <i>certanus</i>, fr. L.
<i>certus</i> determined, fixed, certain, orig. p. p. of
<i>cernere</i> to perceive, decide, determine; akin to Gr. &?; to
decide, separate, and to E. <i>concern</i>, <i>critic</i>,
<i>crime</i>, <i>riddle</i> a sieve, <i>rinse</i>, v.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Assured in mind; having no doubts; free
from suspicions concerning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make her <i>certain</i> of the sad event.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I myself am <i>certain</i> of you.<BR>
<i>Wyclif.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Determined; resolved; -- used with an
infinitive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>However, I with thee have fixed my lot,<BR>
<i>Certain</i> to undergo like doom.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not to be doubted or denied;
established as a fact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dream is <i>certain</i>, and the
interpretation thereof sure.<BR>
<i>Dan. ii. 45.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Actually existing; sure to happen;
inevitable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Virtue that directs our ways<BR>
Through <i>certain</i> dangers to uncertain praise.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Death, as the Psalmist saith, is certain to
all.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Unfailing; infallible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have often wished that I knew as <i>certain</i>
a remedy for any other distemper.<BR>
<i>Mead.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Fixed or stated; regular;
determinate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people go out and gather a <i>certain</i> rate
every day.<BR>
<i>Ex. xvi. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Not specifically named; indeterminate;
indefinite; one or some; -- sometimes used independenty as a
noun, and meaning certain persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It came to pass when he was in a <i>certain</i>
city.<BR>
<i>Luke. v. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>About everything he wrote there was a
<i>certain</i> natural grace und decorum.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>For certain</b></col>, <cd>assuredly.</cd> --
<col><b>Of a certain</b></col>, <cd>certainly.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bound; sure; true; undeniable; unquestionable;
undoubted; plain; indubitable; indisputable; incontrovertible;
unhesitating; undoubting; fixed; stated.</p>

<p><hw>Cer"tain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Certainty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A certain number or quantity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cer"tain</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Certainly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cer"tain*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
doubt or question; unquestionably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"tain*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Certainty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"tain*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Certainties</b></plw> (#). [OF.
<i>certainet&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality,
state, or condition, of being certain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>certainty</i> of punishment is the truest
security against crimes.<BR>
 <i>Fisher Ames.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fact or truth unquestionable
established.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Certainties</i> are uninteresting and
sating.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Clearness; freedom from
ambiguity; lucidity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Of a certainty</b></col>, <cd>certainly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cer"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F.
<i>certes</i>, for <i>&agrave; certes</i>, fr. L. <i>certus</i>.
See <u>Certain</u>.] <def>Certainly; in truth; verily.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Certes</i> it great pity was to see<BR>
Him his nobility so foul deface.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cer*tif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>certificat</i>, fr. LL. <i>certificatus</i> made certain, p.
p. of <i>certificare</i>. See <u>tify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A written testimony to the truth of any fact; as,
<i>certificate</i> of good behavior.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A written declaration legally
authenticated.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trial by certificate</b></col>, <cd>a trial which the
testimony of the person certifying is the only proper criterion
of the point in dispute; as, when the issue is whether a person
was absent in the army, this is tried by the certificate of the
proper officer in writing, under his seal.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cer*tif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Certificated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Certificating</u>.] [See
<u>Certify</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To verify or vouch for by
certificate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a certificate; as, to
<i>certificate</i> the captain of a vessel; a <i>certificated</i>
teacher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L.
<i>certificatio</i>: cf. F. <i>certification</i>.] <def>The act
of certifying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"ti*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
certifies or assures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Certified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Certifying</u>.] [F. <i>certifier</i>, LL.
<i>certificare</i>; L. <i>certus</i> certain + <i>facere</i> to
make. See <u>Certain</u>, and cf. <u>Certificate</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give cetain information
to; to assure; to make certain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>certify</i> the king, that . . . thou shalt
have no portion on this side the river.<BR>
<i>Ezra iv. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give certain information of; to
make certain, as a fact; to verify.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The industry of science at once <i>certifies</i>
and greatly extends our knowledge of the vastness of the
creation.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To testify to in writing; to make a
declaration concerning, in writing, under hand, or hand and
seal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The judges shall <i>certify</i> their opinion to
the chancellor, and upon such certificate the decree is usually
founded.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Certified check</b></col>, <cd>A bank check, the
validity of which is certified by the bank on which it is
drawn.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cer`ti*o*ra"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named
from the emphatic word <i>certiorari</i> in the Latin form of the
writ, which read <i>certiorar volumus</i> we wish to be
certified.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ issuing out of chancery, or
a superior court, to call up the records of a inferior court, or
remove a cause there depending, in order that the party may have
more sure and speedy justice, or that errors and irregularities
may be corrected. It is obtained upon complaint of a party that
he has not received justice, or can not have an impartial trial
in the inferior court.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>certiorari</i> is the correct process to remove
the proceedings of a court in which cases are tried in a manner
different from the course of the common law, as of county
commissioners. It is also used as an auxiliary process in order
to obtain a full return to some other process.
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cer"ti*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>certitudo</i>, fr. L. <i>certus</i>: cf. F.  <i>certitude</i>.
See <u>Certain</u>.] <def>Freedom from doubt; assurance;
certainty.</def>  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cer"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caerulus</i>, eguiv. to <i>caeruleus</i>.] <def>Blue;
cerulean.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ru"le*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caeruleus</i>.] <def>Sky-colored; blue; azure.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Blue, blue, as if that sky let
fall</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A flower from its <i>cerulean</i> wall.<BR>
<i>Bryant.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ru"le*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cerulean.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cer`u*lif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caerulus</i> dark blue + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Producing a blue or sky color.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ce*ru"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>cera</i> wax.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The yellow, waxlike
secretion from the glands of the external ear; the
earwax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ru"mi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or secreting, cerumen; as,
the <i>ceruminous</i> glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"ruse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>c&eacute;ruse</i>, L. <i>cerussa</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>White lead, used as a pigment. See <i>White lead</i>, under
<u>White</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cosmetic containing white
lead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To distinguish <i>ceruse</i> from natural
bloom.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The native carbonate of
lead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"rused</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Washed with a
preparation of white lead; as, <i>cerused</i> face.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ce"ru*site</hw> (?), <hw>Ce"rus*site</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native lead carbonate; a
mineral occurring in colorless, white, or yellowish transparent
crystals, with an adamantine, also massive and compact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"van*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from
<i>Cervantes</i> a town in Spain.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Antimony</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"ve*lat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An ancient wind instrument, resembling the
bassoon in tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"vi*cal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cervix</i>,
<i>-icis</i>, neck: cf. F. <i>cervical</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the neck; as, the <i>cervical</i>
vertebr&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cer"vi*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cervus</i> deer + <i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>The act of
killing deer; deer-slaying.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cer"vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cervinus</i>, fr. <i>cervus</i> deer: cf. F. <i>cervin</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the deer, or to the
family <i>Cervid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cer"vix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Cervixes</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Cervices</b></plw>
(#). [L.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The neck; also, the necklike
portion of any part, as of the womb. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Bird</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cer"vus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a deer.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of ruminants, including the red
deer and other allied species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly all species of deer were included in the genus
<i>Cervus</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ce"ryl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cera</i> wax
+ <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A radical,
C<sub>27</sub>H<sub>55</sub> supposed to exist in several
compounds obtained from Chinese wax, beeswax, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ce*sa"re*an</hw> (?), <hw>Ce*sa"ri*an</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>C&aelig;sarean</u>,
<u>C&aelig;sarian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"sar*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>C&aelig;sarism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ces"pi*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caespes</i>, <i>caespitis</i>, a turf.] <def>An oil obtained
by distillation of peat, and containing various members of the
pyridine series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ces"pi*ti`tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caespiticius</i>, fr. <i>caespes</i> turf.] <def>Same as
<u>Cespitious</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Gough.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ces"pi*tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caespes</i> turf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form a piece
of turf, <i>i. e.</i>, many stems from one rootstock or from many
entangled rootstocks or roots.</def> [Written also
<i>c&aelig;spitose</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ces"pi*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cespitose</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, consisting, of resembling,
turf; turfy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>cespitous</i> or turfy plant has many stems
from the same root, usually forming a close, thick carpet of
matting.<BR>
 <i>Martyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>sess</i>,
conts. from <u>Assess</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rate or
tax.</def> [Obs. or Prof. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bound; measure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The poor jade is wrung in the withers out of all
<i>cess</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cess</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cessed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cessing</u>.] <def>To rate; to tax; to assess.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cess</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>cesser</i>. See
<u>Cease</u>.] <def>To cease; to neglect.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ces"sant</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cessans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>cessare</i>. See <u>Cease</u>.] <def>Inactive;
dormant</def> [Obs.]  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ces*sa"tion</hw> (s&ebreve;s*s&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cessation</i>, L. <i>cessatio</i>,
fr. <i>cessare</i>. See <u>Cease</u>.] <def>A ceasing or
discontinuance, as of action, whether temporary or final; a stop;
as, a <i>cessation</i> of the war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The temporary <i>cessation</i> of the papal
iniquities.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The day was yearly observed for a festival by
<i>cessation</i> from labor.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Hayward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Cessation of arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>an
armistice, or truce, agreed to by the commanders of armies, to
give time for a capitulation, or for other purposes.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stop; rest; stay; pause; discontinuance;
intermission; interval; respite; interruption; recess;
remission.</p>

<p><hw>||Ces*sa"vit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., he has
ceased.] [O. Eng. Law] <def>A writ given by statute to recover
lands when the tenant has for two years failed to perform the
conditions of his tenure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ces"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Cess</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <i>(Law)</i> <def>a neglect of a tenant
to perform services, or make payment, for two years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ces"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cessible</i>. See <u>Cession</u>.] <def>Giving way;
yielding.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Ces`si*bil"i*ty</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ces"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cessio</i>,
fr. <i>cedere</i> to give way: cf. F. <i>Cession</i>. See
<u>Cede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A yielding to physical
force.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Concession; compliance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A yielding, or surrender, as of
property or rights, to another person; the act of
ceding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>cession</i> of the island of New Orleans.<BR>
<i>Bancroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <def>The giving up or
vacating a benefice by accepting another without a proper
dispensation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>The voluntary
surrender of a person's effects to his creditors to avoid
imprisonment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ces"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>cessionarius</i>, from <i>cessionare</i> to cede, fr. L.
<i>cessio</i>: cf. F. <i>cessionnaire</i>. See <u>Cession</u>.]
<def>Having surrendered the effects; as, a <i>cessionary</i>
bankrupt.</def>  <i>Martin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cess"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cess</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>An assessment or
tax.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ces"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Cess</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> Cf. <u>Cesser</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One
who neglects, for two years, to perform the service by which he
holds lands, so that he incurs the danger of the writ of
cessavit. See <u>Cessavit</u>.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ces"sor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Cess</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>An assessor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cess"pipe`</hw> (s&ebreve;s"p&imacr;p`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pipe for carrying off waste water,
etc., from a sink or cesspool.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cess"pool`</hw> (-p&oomac;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sesspol</u>.] <def>A cistern in the course, or the
termination, of a drain, to collect sedimentary or superfluous
matter; a privy vault; any receptacle of filth.</def> [Written
also <i>sesspool</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cest</hw> (s&ebreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cestus</i>: cf. OF. <i>ceste</i>.] <def>A woman's girdle; a
cestus.</def> [R.]  <i>Collins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ces"tode</hw> (s&ebreve;s"t&omacr;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Cestoidea.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Cestoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ces"toid</hw> (s&ebreve;s"toid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Cestoidea.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Cestoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ces*toid"e*a</hw> (s&ebreve;s*toid"&esl;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., gr. Gr. <grk>kesto`s</grk> girdle
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class of parasitic
worms (<i>Platelminthes</i>) of which the tapeworms are the most
common examples. The body is flattened, and usually but not
always long, and composed of numerous joints or segments, each of
which may contain a complete set of male and female reproductive
organs. They have neither mouth nor intestine. See
<u>Tapeworm</u>.</def> [Written also <i>Cestoda</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ces*told"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Cestoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ces*tra"ci*ont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
kind of fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A shark of the genus
<i>Cestracion</i>, and of related genera. The posterior teeth
form a pavement of bony plates for crushing shellfish. Most of
the species are extinct. The Port Jackson shark and a similar one
found in California are living examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ces*tra"ci*ont</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the
genus <i>Cestracion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ces"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cestus</i>
girdle, Gr. &?;, lit., stitched, embroidered.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A girdle; particularly that of Aphrodite (or
Venus) which gave the wearer the power of exciting
love.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
Ctenophora. The typical species (<i>Cestus Veneris</i>) is
remarkable for its brilliant iridescent colors, and its long,
girdlelike form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ces"tus</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>caestus</i>, and
<i>cestus</i>.] <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A covering for the hands of
boxers, made of leather bands, and often loaded with lead or
iron.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ces"tuy</hw> or <hw>||Ces"tui</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [Norm. F.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>He; the
one.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cestuy que trust</b></col> (&?;) [norm. F.], <cd>a
person who has the equitable and beneficial interest in property,
the legal interest in which is vested in a trustee.</cd>
<i>Wharton.</i> -- <col><b>Cestuy que use</b></col> (&?;) [Norm.
F.], <cd>a person for whose use land, etc., is granted to
another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ce*su"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>C&aelig;sura</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*su"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>C&aelig;sural</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ce*ta"ce*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
L. <i>cetus</i> whale, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of marine mammals, including the whales. Like ordinary
mammals they breathe by means of lungs, and bring forth living
young which they suckle for some time. The anterior limbs are
changed to paddles; the tail flukes are horizontal.</def> There
are two living suborders: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The Mysticete or
whalebone whales, having no true teeth after birth, but with a
series of plates of whalebone [see <u>Baleen</u>.] hanging down
from the upper jaw on each side, thus making a strainer, through
which they receive the small animals upon which they feed.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The Denticete, including the dolphins and
sperm whale, which have teeth. Another suborder (Zeuglodontia) is
extinct. The <i>Sirenia</i> were formerly included in the
Cetacea, but are now made a separate order.</p>

<p><hw>Ce*ta"cean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Cetacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Cetacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ce"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., <i>pl</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Cetacea, or collectively, the
Cetacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"tene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cete</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oily hydrocarbon,
C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>32</sub>, of the ethylene series, obtained
from spermaceti.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cet"e*rach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>c&eacute;t&eacute;rac</i>, fr. Ar. <i>shetrak</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of fern with fronds (<i>Asplenium
Ceterach</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cet"e*wale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>citoal</i>, F. <i>zedoaire</i>. See <u>Zedoary</u>.] <def>Same
as <u>Zedoary</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ce"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a whale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cetus</i>
whale.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, waxy substance, forming the
essential part of spermaceti.</def></p>

<p><! p. 236 !></p>

<p><hw>Ce`to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to cetology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in cetology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; whale
+ <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>c&eacute;tologie</i>.] <def>The
description or natural history of cetaceous animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*trar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or derived from, the lichen, Iceland moss (<i>Cetaria
Islandica</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cetraric acid</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Cetrarin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cet"ra*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Cetraria</i> Islandica, the scientific name of Iceland moss.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white substance extracted from the lichen,
Iceland moss (<i>Cetraria Islandica</i>). It consists of several
ingredients, among which is <i>cetraric acid</i>, a white,
crystalline, bitter substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; whale +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A radical,
C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>33</sub>, not yet isolated, but supposed to
exist in a series of compounds homologous with the ethyl
compounds, and derived from spermaceti.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*tyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, spermaceti.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cetylic alcohol</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white,
waxy, crystalline solid, obtained from spermaceti, and regarded
as homologous with ordinary, or ethyl, alcohol; ethal; -- called
also <i>cetyl alcohol</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cey"lan*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>Ceylan</i> Ceylon.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A dingy blue, or
grayish black, variety of spinel. It is also called
<i>pleonaste</i>.</def> [Written also <i>ceylonite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cey`lon*ese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Ceylon.</def> -- <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
<def>A native or natives of Ceylon.</def></p>

<p><hw>C. G. S.</hw> <def>An abbreviation for <u>Centimeter</u>,
<u>Gram</u>, <u>Second</u>. -- applied to a system of units much
employed in physical science, based upon the centimeter as the
unit of length, the gram as the unit of weight or mass, and the
second as the unit of time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chab</hw> (ch&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The red-bellied woodpecker
(<i>Melanerpes Carolinus</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chab"a*site</hw> (k&abreve;b"&adot;*s&imacr;t),
<hw>Cab"a*zite</hw> (k&abreve;b"&adot;*z&imacr;t), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>chabazi`os</grk> one of twenty
species of stones mentioned in the poem <grk>Peri` li`qwn</grk>,
ascribed to Orpheus.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occuring in
glassy rhombohedral crystals, varying in color from white to
yellow or red. It is essentially a hydrous silicate of alumina
and lime. Called also <i>chabasie</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cha*blis"</hw> (sh&adot;*bl&emacr;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A white wine made near Chablis, a
town in France.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Cha*bouk"</hw>, <hw>||Cha*buk"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>ch&amacr;buk</i> horsewhip.]
<def>A long whip, such as is used in the East in the infliction
of punishment.</def>  <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 3d
<u>Chase</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chace</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pursue. See
<u>Chase</u> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>||Cha`cha*la"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native
name, prob. given in imitation of its cry.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Texan guan (<i>Ortalis vetula</i>).</def> [written also
<i>chiacalaca</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Chack</hw> (ch&abreve;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
toss up the head frequently, as a horse to avoid the restraint of
the bridle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chac"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<def>A large species of African baboon (<i>Cynocephalus
porcarius</i>); -- called also <i>ursine baboon</i>. [See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Baboon</u>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cha*conne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp.
<i>chacona</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An old Spanish dance in
moderate three-four measure, like the Passacaglia, which is
slower. Both are used by classical composers as themes for
variations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chad</hw> (sh&abreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shad</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ch&aelig;*te"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; hair.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fossil
corals, common in the lower Silurian limestones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ch&aelig;*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?; hair + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bearing
set&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ch&aelig;"to*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
hair + &?;, &?;, tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine fish
of the family <i>Ch&aelig;todontid&aelig;</i>. The
ch&aelig;todonts have broad, compressed bodies, and usually
bright colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ch&aelig;to*dont</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Ch&aelig;todonts or the family
<i>Ch&aelig;todontid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ch&aelig;"tog*nath</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Ch&aelig;tognatha.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ch&aelig;*tog"na*tha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., from Gr. &?; hair + &?; jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>An
order of free-swimming marine worms, of which the genus
<i>Sagitta</i> is the type. They have groups of curved spines on
each side of the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ch&aelig;"to*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Ch&aelig;topoda.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Ch&aelig;topoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ch&aelig;*top"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., from Gr. &?; hair + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A very extensive order of Annelida, characterized by the
presence of lateral set&aelig;, or spines, on most or all of the
segments.  They are divided into two principal groups:
Oligoch&aelig;ta, including the earthworms and allied forms, and
Polych&aelig;ta, including most of the marine species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ch&aelig;"to*tax`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
hair + &?; arrangement.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The arrangement
of bristles on an insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chafe</hw> (ch&amacr;f), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chafed</u> (ch&amacr;ft);
<pos><i>p pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Chafing</u>.] [OE.
<i>chaufen</i> to warm, OF. <i>chaufer</i>, F. <i>chauffer</i>,
fr. L. <i>calefacere</i>, <i>calfacere</i>, to make warm;
<i>calere</i> to be warm + <i>facere</i> to make. See
<u>Caldron</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To excite heat in by
friction; to rub in order to stimulate and make warm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To rub her temples, and to <i>chafe</i> her
skin.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excite passion or anger in; to
fret; to irritate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her intercession <i>chafed</i> him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fret and wear by rubbing; as, to
<i>chafe</i> a cable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two slips of parchment which she sewed round it to
prevent its being <i>chafed</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To rub; fret; gall; vex; excite; inflame.</p>

<p><hw>Chafe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rub; to come
together so as to wear by rubbing; to wear by friction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Made its great boughs <i>chafe</i> together.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The troubled Tiber <i>chafing</i> with her
shores.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be worn by rubbing; as, a cable
<i>chafes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have a feeling of vexation; to be
vexed; to fret; to be irritated.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He will <i>chafe</i> at the doctor's marrying my
daughter.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chafe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Heat excited by friction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Injury or wear caused by
friction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Vexation; irritation of mind;
rage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cardinal in a <i>chafe</i> sent for him to
Whitehall.<BR>
<i>Camden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chaf"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who chafes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel for heating water; -- hence,
a dish or pan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>chafer</i> of water to cool the ends of the
irons.<BR>
<i>Baker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chaf"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ceafor</i>;
akin to D. <i>kever</i>, G <i>k&euml;fer</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of beetle; the cockchafer. The
name is also applied to other species; as, the rose
<i>chafer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaf"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chafe</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Iron Works)</i>
<def>An open furnace or forge, in which blooms are heated before
being wrought into bars.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chafe"wax`</hw> (?), or <hw>Chaff"wax`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>Formerly a chancery
officer who fitted wax for sealing writs and other
documents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chafe"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The cudweed (<i>Gnaphalium</i>), used to prevent or cure
chafing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AC. <i>ceaf</i>;
akin to D. <i>kaf</i>, G. <i>kaff</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The glumes or husks of grains and
grasses separated from the seed by threshing and winnowing,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So take the corn and leave the <i>chaff</i>
behind.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Old birds are not caught with <i>caff</i>.<BR>
<i>Old Proverb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything of a comparatively light and
worthless character; the refuse part of anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>chaff</i> and ruin of the times.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Straw or hay cut up fine for the food
of cattle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By adding <i>chaff</i> to his corn, the horse must
take more time to eat it. In this way <i>chaff</i> is very
useful.<BR>
<i>Ywatt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Light jesting talk; banter;
raillery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The scales or bracts on
the receptacle, which subtend each flower in the heads of many
<i>Composit&aelig;</i>, as the sunflower.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chaff cutter</b></col>, <cd>a machine for cutting, up
straw, etc., into "chaff" for the use of cattle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chaff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chaffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chaffing</u>.] <def>To use light, idle language
by way of fun or ridicule; to banter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make fun of;
to turn into ridicule by addressing in ironical or bantering
language; to quiz.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Morgan saw that his master was <i>chaffing</i>
him.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A dozen honest fellows . . . <i>chaffed</i> each
other about their sweethearts.<BR>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chaff"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
chaffs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaf"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>chaffare</i>, <i>cheapfare</i>; AS. <i>ce&aacute;p</i> a
bargain, price + <i>faru</i> a journey; hence, originally, a
going to barain, to market. See <u>Cheap</u>, and <u>Fare</u>.]
<def>Bargaining; merchandise.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holished.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chaf"fer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chaffered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chaffering</u>.] [OE. <i>chaffaren</i>, fr.
<i>chaffare</i>, <i>chapfare</i>, <i>cheapfare</i>, a bargaining.
See <u>Chaffer</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To treat or dispute about a purchase;
to bargain; to haggle or higgle; to negotiate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>chaffer</i> for preferments with his
gold.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To talk much and idly; to
chatter.</def>  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chaf"fer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To buy or sell; to trade in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>chaffered</i> chairs in which churchmen were
set.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exchange; to bandy, as words.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chaf"fer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
chaffers; a bargainer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaf"fern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chafe</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A vessel for heating
water.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chaf"fer*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Traffic;
bargaining.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chaf"finch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Chiff-
chaff</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird of Europe
(<i>Fringilla c&oelig;lebs</i>), having a variety of very sweet
songs, and highly valued as a cage bird; -- called also <i>copper
finch</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaff"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use of
light, frivolous language by way of fun or ridicule; raillery;
banter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaff"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
chaff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaff"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding in, or resembling, chaff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Chaffy</i> grain beneath the thresher's
flail.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Light or worthless as chaff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Slight and <i>chaffy</i> opinion.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Resembling chaff; composed of light dry scales.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Bearing or covered with dry scales, as
the under surface of certain ferns, or the disk of some composite
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaf"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Chafe</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The act of rubbing, or wearing by
friction; making by rubbing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chafing dish</b></col>, <cd>a dish or vessel for
cooking on the table, or for keeping food warm, either by coals,
by a lamp, or by hot water; a portable grate for coals.</cd> --
<col><b>Chafing gear</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>any material
used to protect sails, rigging, or the like, at points where they
are exposed to friction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cha*green"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shagreen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha*grin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>chagrin</i> shagreen, a particular kind of rough and grained
leather; also a rough fishskin used for graters and files; hence
(<i>Fig</i>.), a gnawing, corroding grief. See <u>Shagreen</u>.]
<def>Vexation; mortification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must own that I felt rather vexation and
<i>chagrin</i> than hope and satisfaction.<BR>
<i>Richard Porson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Hear me, and touch Belinda with
<i>chagrin</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Vexation; mortification; peevishness;
fretfulness; disgust; disquiet.  <u>Chagrin</u>, <u>Vexation</u>,
<u>Mortification</u>. These words agree in the general sense of
pain produced by untoward circumstances. <i>Vexation</i> is a
feeling of disquietude or irritating uneasiness from numerous
causes, such as losses, disappointments, etc.
<i>Mortification</i> is a stronger word, and denotes that keen
sense of pain which results from wounded pride or humiliating
occurrences. <i>Chagrin</i> is literally the cutting pain
produced by the friction of <i>Shagreen</i> leather; in its
figurative sense, it varies in meaning, denoting in its lower
degrees simply a state of vexation, and its higher degrees the
keenest sense of mortification.</p>

<p>"<i>Vexation</i> arises chiefly from our wishes and views
being crossed: <i>mortification</i>, from our self-importance
being hurt; <i>chagrin</i>, from a mixture of the two."
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cha*grin"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chagrined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chargrining</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>chagriner</i> See
<u>Chagrin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To excite ill-humor
in; to vex; to mortify; as, he was not a little
<i>chagrined</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha*grin"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be vexed
or annoyed.</def>  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cha*grin"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Chagrined.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cha&icirc;ne</i>, fr. L. <i>catena</i>. Cf. <u>Catenate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A series of links or rings, usually of
metal, connected, or fitted into one another, used for various
purposes, as of support, of restraint, of ornament, of the
exertion and transmission of mechanical power, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] put a <i>chain</i> of gold about his
neck.<BR>
<i>Dan. v. 29.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which confines, fetters, or
secures, as a chain; a bond; as, the <i>chains</i> of
habit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Driven down<BR>
To <i>chains</i> of darkness and the undying worm.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A series of things linked together; or
a series of things connected and following each other in
succession; as, a <i>chain</i> of mountains; a <i>chain</i> of
events or ideas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>An instrument which
consists of links and is used in measuring land.</def></p>

<p>&fist; One commonly in use is <i>Gunter's chain</i>, which
consists of one hundred links, each link being seven inches and
ninety-two one hundredths in length; making up the total length
of rods, or sixty-six, feet; hence, a measure of that length;
hence, also, a unit for land measure equal to four rods square,
or one tenth of an acre.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Iron links
bolted to the side of a vessel to bold the dead-eyes connected
with the shrouds; also, the channels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>The warp threads of a
web.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chain belt</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a belt made
of a chain; -- used for transmitting power.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain
boat</b></col>, <cd>a boat fitted up for recovering lost cables,
anchors, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain bolt</b></col>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>The bolt at the lower end
of the chain plate, which fastens it to the vessel's side.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A bolt with a chain attached for drawing
it out of position.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain bond</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Chain timber</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain bridge</b></col>,
<cd>a bridge supported by chain cables; a suspension bridge.</cd>
-- <col><b>Chain cable</b></col>, <cd>a cable made of iron
links.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain coral</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a fossil coral of the genus <i>Halysites</i>, common in the
middle and upper Silurian rocks. The tubular corallites are
united side by side in groups, looking in an end view like links
of a chain. When perfect, the calicles show twelve septa.</cd> --
<col><b>Chain coupling</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
shackle for uniting lengths of chain, or connecting a chain with
an object.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Railroad)</i>
<cd>Supplementary coupling together of cars with a chain.</cd> --
<col><b>Chain gang</b></col>, <cd>a gang of convicts chained
together.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain hook</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a hook, used for dragging cables about the deck.</cd> --
<col><b>Chain mail</b></col>, <cd>flexible, defensive armor of
hammered metal links wrought into the form of a garment.</cd> --
<col><b>Chain molding</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a form of
molding in imitation of a chain, used in the Normal style.</cd> -
- <col><b>Chain pier</b></col>, <cd>a pier suspended by
chain.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain pipe</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>an opening in the deck, lined with iron, through which the
cable is passed into the lockers or tiers.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain
plate</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>one of the iron plates
or bands, on a vessel's side, to which the standing rigging is
fastened.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain pulley</b></col>, <cd>a pulley
with depressions in the periphery of its wheel, or projections
from it, made to fit the links of a chain.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain
pumps</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain
rule</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>a theorem for solving
numerical problems by composition of ratios, or compound
proportion, by which, when several ratios of equality are given,
the consequent of each being the same as the antecedent of the
next, the relation between the first antecedent and the last
consequent is discovered.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain shot</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>two cannon balls united by a shot chain,
formerly used in naval warfare on account of their destructive
effect on a ship's rigging.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain
stitch</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Chain timber</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See <i>Bond
timber</i>, under <u>Bond</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain
wales</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Channels</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Chain wheel</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd>
-- <col><b>Closed chain</b></col>, <col><b>Open chain</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>terms applied to the chemical structure of
compounds whose rational formul&aelig; are written respectively
in the form of a closed ring (see <i>Benzene nucleus</i>, under
<u>Benzene</u>), or in an open extended form.</cd> --
<col><b>Endless chain</b></col>, <cd>a chain whose ends have been
united by a link.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chained</u> (ch&amacr;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chaining</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten,
bind, or connect with a chain; to fasten or bind securely, as
with a chain; as, <i>to chain</i> a bulldog.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Chained</i> behind the hostile car.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep in slavery; to
enslave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And which more blest? who <i>chained</i> his
country, say<BR>
Or he whose virtue sighed to lose a day?<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unite closely and
strongly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And in this vow do <i>chain</i> my soul to
thine.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Surveying)</i> <def>To measure with the
chain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To protect by drawing a chain across,
as a harbor.</def></p>

<p><! p. 237 !></p>

<p><hw>Chain"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
chain; not restrained or fettered.</def> "The <i>chainless</i>
mind."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chain"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
chain.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chain" pump`</hw> (?). <def>A pump consisting of an
endless chain, running over a drum or wheel by which it is moved,
and dipping below the water to be raised. The chain has at
intervals disks or lifts which fit the tube through which the
ascending part passes and carry the water to the point of
discharge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chain" stitch`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
ornamental stitch like the links of a chain; -- used in
crocheting, sewing, and embroidery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Machine Sewing)</i> <def>A stitch in
which the looping of the thread or threads forms a chain on the
under side of the work; the loop stitch, as distinguished from
the lock stitch. See <u>Stitch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chain" wheel`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chain
pulley, or sprocket wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inversion of the chain pump, by
which it becomes a motor driven by water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chain"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work
looped or linked after the manner of a chain; chain stitch
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chair</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>chaiere</i>,
<i>chaere</i>, OF. <i>chaiere</i>, <i>chaere</i>, F.
<i>chaire</i> pulpit, fr. L. <i>cathedra</i> chair, armchair, a
teacher's or professor's chair, Gr. &?; down + &?; seat, &?; to
sit, akin to E. <i>sit</i>. See <u>Sit</u>, and cf.
<u>Cathedral</u>, <u>chaise</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A movable single seat with a
back.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An official seat, as of a chief
magistrate or a judge, but esp. that of a professor; hence, the
office itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>chair</i> of a philosophical school.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>chair</i> of philology.<BR>
<i>M. Arnold.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The presiding officer of an assembly;
a chairman; as, to address the <i>chair</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A vehicle for one person; either a
sedan borne upon poles, or two-wheeled carriage, drawn by one
horse; a gig.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Think what an equipage thou hast in air,<BR>
And view with scorn two pages and a <i>chair</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An iron block used on railways to
support the rails and secure them to the sleepers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chair days</b></col>, <cd>days of repose and age.</cd>
-- <col><b>To put into the chair</b></col>, <cd>to elect as
president, or as chairman of a meeting.</cd> <i>Macaulay</i>. --
<col><b>To take the chair</b></col>, <cd>to assume the position
of president, or of chairman of a meeting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chair</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
pr.</i></pos> <u>Chaired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chairing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place
in a chair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry publicly in a chair in
triumph.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Chair"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chairmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
presiding officer of a committee, or of a public or private
meeting, or of any organized body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One whose business it is to cary a
chair or sedan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Breaks watchmen's heads and <i>chairmen's</i>
glasses.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chair"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
of a chairman of a meeting or organized body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaise</hw> (sh&amacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chaise</i> seat, or chair, chaise or carriage, for
<i>chaire</i>, from a peculiar Parisian pronunciation. See
<u>Chair</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A two-wheeled carriage for
two persons, with a calash top, and the body hung on leather
straps, or thorough-braces. It is usually drawn by one
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Loosely, <def>a carriage in general.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cha"ja</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The crested screamer of Brazil
(<i>Palamedea, or Chauna, chavaria</i>), so called in imitation
of its notes; -- called also <i>chauna</i>, and <i>faithful
kamichi</i>. It is often domesticated and is useful in guarding
other poultry. See <u>Kamichi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cha*la"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Chalazas</b></plw>, L. <plw><b>Chalaz&aelig;</b></plw>
(#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; hail, pimple.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The place on an ovule, or seed, where its
outer coats cohere with each other and the nucleus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A spiral band of
thickened albuminous substance which exists in the white of the
bird's egg, and serves to maintain the yolk in its position; the
treadle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha*la"zal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the chalaza.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha*laze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Chalaza</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal`a*zif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Chalaza</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Having or bearing
chalazas.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cha*la"zi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; dim. of &?; hail, pimple.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A small
circumscribed tumor of the eyelid caused by retention of
secretion, and by inflammation of the Melbomian glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal*can"thite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>chalcanthum</i> a solution of blue vitriol, Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native blue vitriol. See <i>Blue vitriol</i>,
under <u>Blue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal"ce*don"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to chalcedony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal*ced"o*ny</hw> (k&abreve;l*s&ebreve;d"&osl;*n&ybreve;
<i>or</i> k&abreve;l"s&esl;*d&osl;*n&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Chalcedonies</b></plw>
(-n&ibreve;z). [ L. <i>chalcedonius</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>CHalkhdw`n</grk> Chalcedon, a town in Asia Minor, opposite
to Byzantium: cf. <i>calc&eacute;doine</i>, OE.
<i>calcidoine</i>, <i>casidoyne</i>. Cf. <u>Cassidony</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A cryptocrystalline, translucent variety of
quartz, having usually a whitish color, and a luster nearly like
wax.</def> [Written also <i>calcedony</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; When chalcedony is variegated with with spots or
figures, or arranged in differently colored layers, it is called
<i>agate</i>; and if by reason of the thickness, color, and
arrangement of the layers it is suitable for being carved into
cameos, it is called <i>onyx</i>. <i>Chrysoprase</i> is green
chalcedony; <i>carnelian</i>, a flesh red, and <i>sard</i>, a
brownish red variety.</p>

<p><hw>||Chal`chi*huitl"</hw> (ch&adot;l`ch&esl;*w&esl;tl"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The Mexican name for
turquoise. See <u>Turquoise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal"cid fly`</hw> (?). [From Gr. <grk>chalko`s</grk>
copper; in allusion to its metallic colors.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a numerous family of hymenopterous insects
(<i>Chalcidid&aelig;</i>. Many are gallflies, others are
parasitic on insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal*cid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>chalcis</i> a lizard, Gr. <grk>chalki`s</grk>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a tropical family of snakelike
lizards (<i>Chalcid&aelig;</i>), having four small or rudimentary
legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal"co*cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chalko`s</grk> brass.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native copper
sulphide, called also <i>copper glance</i>, and <i>vitreous
copper</i>; a mineral of a black color and metallic luster.</def>
[Formerly written <i>chalcosine</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Chal*cog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <hw>Chal*cog"ra*phist</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An engraver on copper or brass;
hence, an engraver of copper plates for printing upon
paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal*cog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chalko`s</grk> copper, brass + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The act
or art of engraving on copper or brass, especially of engraving
for printing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal`co*pyr"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chalko`s</grk> brass + E. <i>pyrite</i>. So named from its
color.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Copper pyrites, or yellow copper ore;
a common ore of copper, containing copper, iron, and sulphur. It
occurs massive and in tetragonal crystals of a bright brass
yellow color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal*da"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Chaldaicus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Chaldea.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language or dialect of the
Chaldeans; Chaldee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal"da*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An idiom
or peculiarity in the Chaldee dialect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal*de"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Chaldaeus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Chaldea.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Chaldea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A learned
man, esp. an astrologer; -- so called among the Eastern nations,
because astrology and the kindred arts were much cultivated by
the Chaldeans.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Nestorian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal"dee</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Chaldea.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
language or dialect of the Chaldeans; eastern Aramaic, or the
Aramaic used in Chaldea.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chaldee Paraphrase</b></col>, <cd>A targum written in
Aramaic.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chal"drich</hw> (?), <hw>Chal"der</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>tjaldr</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A kind of bird; the oyster catcher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chaldron</i>, F. <i>chaudron</i> kettle. The same word as
<i>caldron</i>.] <def>An English dry measure, being, at London,
36 bushels heaped up, or its equivalent weight, and more than
twice as much at Newcastle. Now used exclusively for coal and
coke.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States the <i>chaldron</i> is ordinarily
2,940 lbs, but at New York it is 2,500 lbs.  <i>De
Colange.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cha*let"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A herdsman's hut in the mountains of
Switzerland.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Chalets</i> are summer huts for the Swiss
herdsmen.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A summer cottage or country house in
the Swiss mountains; any country house built in the style of the
Swiss cottages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal"ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OR.
<i>chalis</i>, <i>calice</i>, OF. <i>chalice</i>, <i>calice</i>,
F. <i>calice</i>, fr. L. <i>calix</i>, akin to Gr. &?; and E.
<i>helmet</i>. Cf. <u>Calice</u>, <u>Calyx</u>.] <def>A cup or
bowl; especially, the cup used in the sacrament of the Lord's
Supper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal"iced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
calyx or cup; cup-shaped.</def> "<i>Chaliced</i> flowers."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chalk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cealc</i>
lime, from L. <i>calx</i> limestone. See <u>Calz</u>, and
<u>Cawk</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A soft,
earthy substance, of a white, grayish, or yellowish white color,
consisting of calcium carbonate, and having the same composition
as common limestone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Finely prepared
chalk, used as a drawing implement; also, by extension, a
compound, as of clay and black lead, or the like, used in the
same manner. See <u>Crayon</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black chalk</b></col>, <cd>a mineral of a bluish
color, of a slaty texture, and soiling the fingers when handled;
a variety of argillaceous slate.</cd> -- <col><b>By a long
chalk</b></col>, <cd>by a long way; by many degrees.</cd> [Slang]
<i>Lowell.</i> -- <col><b>Chalk drawing</b></col> <i>(Fine
Arts)</i>, <cd>a drawing made with crayons. See
<u>Crayon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Chalk formation</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Cretaceous formation</i>, under <u>Cretaceous</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Chalk line</b></col>, <cd>a cord rubbed with chalk, used
for making straight lines on boards or other material, as a guide
in cutting or in arranging work.</cd> -- <col><b>Chalk
mixture</b></col>, <cd>a preparation of chalk, cinnamon, and
sugar in gum water, much used in diarrheal affection, esp. of
infants.</cd> -- <col><b>Chalk period</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Cretaceous period</i>, under <u>Cretaceous</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Chalk pit</b></col>, <cd>a pit in which chalk is
dug.</cd> -- <col><b>Drawing chalk</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Crayon</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>French
chalk</b></col>, <cd>steatite or soapstone, a soft magnesian
mineral.</cd> -- <col><b>Red chalk</b></col>, <cd>an indurated
clayey ocher containing iron, and used by painters and
artificers; reddle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chalk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chalked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chalking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub or
mark with chalk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To manure with chalk, as land.</def>
<i>Morimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make white, as with chalk; to make
pale; to bleach.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let a bleak paleness <i>chalk</i> the door.<BR>
<i>Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To chalk out</b></col>, <cd>to sketch with, or as
with, chalk; to outline; to indicate; to plan.</cd> [Colloq.] "I
shall pursue the plan I have <i>chalked out</i>."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chalk"cut`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man
who digs chalk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chalk"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being chalky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chalk"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mass of chalk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>chalkstones</i> . . . beaten in sunder.<BR>
<i>Isa. xxvii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A chalklike concretion,
consisting mainly of urate of sodium, found in and about the
small joints, in the external ear, and in other situations, in
those affected with gout; a tophus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chalk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of,
or resembling, chalk; containing chalk; as, a <i>chalky</i>
cliff; a <i>chalky</i> taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal"lenge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>chalenge</i> claim, accusation, challenge, OF.
<i>chalenge</i>, <i>chalonge</i>, claim, accusation, contest, fr.
L. <i>calumnia</i> false accusation, chicanery. See
<u>Calumny</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An invitation to engage
in a contest or controversy of any kind; a defiance;
specifically, a summons to fight a duel; also, the letter or
message conveying the summons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>challenge</i> to controversy.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of a sentry in halting any one
who appears at his post, and demanding the countersign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A claim or demand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There must be no <i>challenge</i> of
superiority.<BR>
<i>Collier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Hunting)</i> <def>The opening and
crying of hounds at first finding the scent of their
game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An exception to a juror
or to a member of a court martial, coupled with a demand that he
should be held incompetent to act; the claim of a party that a
certain person or persons shall not sit in trial upon him or his
cause.</def>  <i>Blackstone</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An exception to a person as not
legally qualified to vote. The challenge must be made when the
ballot is offered.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Challenge to the array</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an
exception to the whole panel.</cd> -- <col><b>Challenge to the
favor</b></col>, <cd>the alleging a special cause, the
sufficiency of which is to be left to those whose duty and office
it is to decide upon it.</cd> -- <col><b>Challenge to the
polls</b></col>, <cd>an exception taken to any one or more of the
individual jurors returned.</cd> -- <col><b>Peremptory
challenge</b></col>, <cd>a privilege sometimes allowed to
defendants, of challenging a certain number of jurors (fixed by
statute in different States) without assigning any cause.</cd> --
<col><b>Principal challenge</b></col>, <cd>that which the law
allows to be sufficient if found to be true.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chal"lenge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Challenged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Challenging</u>.] [OE. <i>chalengen</i> to
accuse, claim, OF. <i>chalengier</i>, <i>chalongier</i>, to
claim, accuse, dispute, fr. L. <i>calumniar</i> to attack with
false accusations. See <u>Challenge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>Calumniate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To call to a
contest of any kind; to call to answer; to defy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>challenge</i> any man to make any pretense to
power by right of fatherhood.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To call, invite, or summon to answer
for an offense by personal combat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By this I <i>challenge</i> him to single
fight.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To claim as due; to demand as a
right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Challenge</i> better terms.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To censure; to blame.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He complained of the emperors . . . and
<i>challenged</i> them for that he had no greater revenues . . .
from them.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To question or demand
the countersign from (one who attempts to pass the lines); as,
the sentinel <i>challenged</i> us, with  "Who comes
there?"</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To take exception to; question; as, to
<i>challenge</i> the accuracy of a statement or of a
quotation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To object to or take
exception to, as to a juror, or member of a court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To object to the reception of the vote
of, as on the ground that the person in not qualified as a
voter.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>To challenge to the</b></col> <col><b>array, favor,
polls</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Challenge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Chal"lenge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To assert a
right; to claim a place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where nature doth with merit <i>challenge</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chal"lenge*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
may be challenged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal"len*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
challenges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal"lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chaly</i>,
<i>challis</i>, a stuff made of goat's hair.] <def>A soft and
delicate woolen, or woolen and silk, fabric, for ladies'
dresses.</def> [Written also <i>chally</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cha"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bed
blanket.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cha*lyb"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>chalybe&iuml;us</i>, fr. <i>chalybs</i> steel, Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Chalybes, an
ancient people of Pontus in Asia Minor, celebrated for working in
iron and steel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of superior quality and temper; --
applied to steel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cha*lyb"e*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>chalybeatus</i>, fr. <i>chalube&iuml;us</i>. See
<u>Chalubean</u>.] <def>Impregnated with salts of iron; having a
taste like iron; as, <i>chalybeate</i> springs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha*lyb"e*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any water,
liquid, or medicine, into which iron enters as an
ingredient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha*lyb"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Steel blue; of the color of tempered
steel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal"y*bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Native iron carbonate; -- usually called
<i>siderite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Chap</u>.]
<def>To chew.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cham</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Khan</u>.]
<def>The sovereign prince of Tartary; -- now usually written
<i>khan</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cha*made</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chamade</i>, fr. Pg. <i>chamada</i>, fr. <i>chamar</i> to
call, fr. L. <i>clamare</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A signal made
for a parley by beat of a drum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They beat the <i>chamade</i>, and sent us carte
blanche.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cha"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Angora goat. See <i>Angora goat</i>,
under <u>Angora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chambre</i>, fr. L. <i>camera</i> vault, arched roof, in LL.
chamber, fr. Gr. &?; anything with a vaulted roof or arched
covering; cf. Skr. <i>kmar</i> to be crooked. Cf. <u>Camber</u>,
<u>Camera</u>, <u>Comrade</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A retired room, esp. an upper room
used for sleeping; a bedroom; as, the house had four
<i>chambers</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 238 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Apartments in a lodging
house.</def> "A bachelor's life in <i>chambers</i>."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hall, as where a king gives
audience, or a deliberative body or assembly meets; as, presence
<i>chamber</i>; senate <i>chamber</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A legislative or judicial body; an
assembly; a society or association; as, the <i>Chamber</i> of
Deputies; the <i>Chamber</i> of Commerce.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A compartment or cell; an inclosed
space or cavity; as, the <i>chamber</i> of a canal lock; the
<i>chamber</i> of a furnace; the <i>chamber</i> of the
eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Law.)</i> <def>A room or
rooms where a lawyer transacts business; a room or rooms where a
judge transacts such official business as may be done out of
court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A chamber pot.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That
part of the bore of a piece of ordnance which holds the charge,
esp. when of different diameter from the rest of the bore; --
formerly, in guns, made smaller than the bore, but now larger,
esp. in breech-loading guns.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
cavity in a mine, usually of a cubical form, to contain the
powder.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A short piece of ordnance
or cannon, which stood on its breech, without any carriage,
formerly used chiefly for rejoicings and theatrical
cannonades.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Air chamber</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Air chamber</u>, in
the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Chamber of commerce</b></col>,
<cd>a board or association to protect the interests of commerce,
chosen from among the merchants and traders of a city.</cd> --
<col><b>Chamber council</b></col>, <cd>a secret council.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Chamber</b></col> <col><b>counsel or
counselor</b></col>, <cd>a counselor who gives his opinion in
private, or at his chambers, but does not advocate causes in
court.</cd> -- <col><b>Chamber fellow</b></col>, <cd>a chamber
companion; a roommate; a chum.</cd> -- <col><b>Chamber
hangings</b></col>, <cd>tapestry or hangings for a chamber.</cd>
-- <col><b>Chamber lye</b></col>, <cd>urine.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Chamber music</b></col>, <cd>vocal or instrumental music
adapted to performance in a chamber or small apartment or
audience room, instead of a theater, concert hall, or
church.</cd> -- <col><b>Chamber practice</b></col> <i>(Law.)</i>,
<cd>the practice of counselors at law, who give their opinions in
private, but do not appear in court.</cd> -- <col><b>To sit at
chambers</b></col>, <cd>to do business in chambers, as a
judge.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cham"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chambered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chambering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
reside in or occupy a chamber or chambers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be lascivious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cham"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To shut up, as in a chamber.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a chamber; as, to
<i>chamber</i> a gun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham"bered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
chamber or chambers; as, a <i>chambered</i> shell; a
<i>chambered</i> gun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham"ber*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who attends in a chamber; a
chambermaid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A civilian; a carpetmonger.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cham"ber*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Lewdness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. xiii. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cham"ber*lain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chamberlain</i>, <i>chambrelencF</i>. <i>chambellon</i>, OHG.
<i>chamerling</i>, <i>chamarlinc</i>, G. <i>k&auml;mmerling</i>,
<i>kammer</i> chamber (fr. L. <i>camera</i>) + <i>-ling</i>. See
<u>Chamber</u>, and <u>-ling</u>.] [Formerly written
<i>chamberlin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An officer or servant
who has charge of a chamber or chambers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An upper servant of an inn.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An officer having the direction and
management of the private chambers of a nobleman or monarch;
hence, in Europe, one of the high officers of a court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A treasurer or receiver of public
money; as, the <i>chamberlain</i> of London, of North Wales,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The lord chamberlain of England</b></col>, <cd>an
officer of the crown, who waits upon the sovereign on the day of
coronation, and provides requisites for the palace of
Westminster, and for the House of Lords during the session of
Parliament. Under him are the gentleman of the black rod and
other officers. His office is distinct from that of the <i>lord
chamberlain of the Household</i>, whose functions relate to the
royal housekeeping.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cham"ber*lain*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Office
of a chamberlain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham"ber*maid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A maidservant who has the care of
chambers, making the beds, sweeping, cleaning the rooms,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lady's maid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cham`ber*tin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A red
wine from Chambertin near Dijon, in Burgundy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham"brel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Gambrel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cha*meck"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native
Brazilian name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of spider monkey
(<i>Ateles chameck</i>), having the thumbs rudimentary and
without a nail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha*me"le*on</hw> (k&adot;*m&emacr;"l&esl;*&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Chamaeleon</i>, Gr.
<grk>chamaile`wn</grk>, lit., "ground lion;" <grk>chamai`</grk>
on the ground + <grk>le`wn</grk> lion. See <u>Humble</u>, and
<u>Lion</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lizardlike reptile of
the genus <i>Cham&aelig;leo</i>, of several species, found in
Africa, Asia, and Europe. The skin is covered with fine
granulations; the tail is prehensile, and the body is much
compressed laterally, giving it a high back.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Its color changes more or less with the color of the
objects about it, or with its temper when disturbed. In a cool,
dark place it is nearly white, or grayish; on admitting the
light, it changes to brown, bottle-green, or blood red, of
various shades, and more or less mottled in arrangment. The
American chameleons belong to <i>Anolis</i> and allied genera of
the family <i>Iguanid&aelig;</i>. They are more slender in form
than the true chameleons, but have the same power of changing
their colors.</p>

<p><col><b>Chameleon mineral</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
compound called <i>potassium permanganate</i>, a dark violet,
crystalline substance, KMnO<sub>4</sub>, which in formation
passes through a peculiar succession of color from green to blue,
purple, red, etc. See <i>Potassium permanganate</i>, under
<u>Potassium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cha*me"le*on*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
change into various colors.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cham"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chamfron</u>.] <def>The surface formed by cutting away the
arris, or angle, formed by two faces of a piece of timber, stone,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham"fer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chamfered</u> ; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Chamfering</u>. (&?;)]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>To cut a furrow in, as
in a column; to groove; to channel; to flute.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a chamfer on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham"fret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chamfron</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A small
gutter; a furrow; a groove.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A chamfer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham"fron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chanfrein</i>.] <i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>The frontlet, or head
armor, of a horse.</def> [Written also <i>champfrain</i> and
<i>chamfrain</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cham"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Camlet</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cham"ois</hw> (sh&abreve;m"m&ybreve; <i>or</i>
sh&adot;*moi"; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chamois</i>,
prob. fr. OG. <i>gamz</i>, G. <i>gemse</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small species of
antelope (<i>Rupicapra tragus</i>), living on the loftiest
mountain ridges of Europe, as the Alps, Pyrenees, etc. It
possesses remarkable agility, and is a favorite object of
chase.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A soft leather made from the skin of
the chamois, or from sheepskin, etc.; -- called also <i>chamois
leather</i>, and <i>chammy</i> or <i>shammy leather</i>. See
<u>Shammy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham"o*mile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Camomile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Champ</hw> (ch&abreve;mp), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Champed</u> (ch&abreve;mt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Champing</u>.] [Prob, of
Scand. orgin; cf. dial. Sw. <i>k&auml;msa</i> to chew with
difficulty, champ; but cf. also OF. <i>champier</i>,
<i>champeyer</i>, <i>champoyer</i>, to graze in fields, fr. F.
<i>champ</i> field, fr. L. <i>campus</i>. Cf. <u>Camp</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bite with repeated action of the teeth
so as to be heard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foamed and <i>champed</i> the golden bit.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bite into small pieces; to
crunch.</def>  <i>Steele.</i></p>

<p><hw>Champ</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bite or chew
impatiently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They began . . . irefully to <i>champ</i> upon the
bit.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Champ</hw>, <hw>Champe</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>champ</i>, L. <i>campus</i> field.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The
field or ground on which carving appears in relief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham*pagne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Champaign</u>.] <def>A light wine, of several kinds,
originally made in the province of Champagne, in
France.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Champagne</i> properly includes several kinds not
only of sparkling but of still wines; but in America the term is
usually restricted to wines which effervesce.</p>

<p><hw>Cham*paign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>champaigne</i>; same word as <i>campagne</i>.] <def>A flat,
open country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair <i>champaign</i>, with less rivers
interveined.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Through Apline vale or <i>champaign</i> wide.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cham*paign"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Flat; open;
level.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wide, <i>champaign</i> country, filled with
herds.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Champ"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
champs, or bites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham"per*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>champarteur</i> a divider of fields or field rent. See
<u>Champerty</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One guilty of champerty; one
who purchases a suit, or the right of suing, and carries it on at
his own expense, in order to obtain a share of the
gain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham"per*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>champart</i> field rent, L. <i>campipars</i>; <i>champ</i> (L.
<i>campus</i>) field + <i>part</i> (L. <i>pars</i>) share.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Partnership in power; equal share of
authority.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Beaut&eacute; ne sleighte, strengthe ne
hardyness,<BR>
Ne may with Venus holde <i>champartye</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The prosecution or
defense of a suit, whether by furnishing money or personal
services, by one who has no legitimate concern therein, in
consideration of an agreement that he shall receive, in the event
of success, a share of the matter in suit; maintenance with the
addition of an agreement to divide the thing in suit. See
<u>Maintenance</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By many authorities champerty is defined as an
<i>agreement</i> of this nature. From early times the offence of
champerty has been forbidden and punishable.</p>

<p><hw>Cham*pi"gnon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a
mushroom, ultimately fr. L. <i>campus</i> field. See
<u>Camp</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An edible species of mushroom
(<i>Agaricus campestris</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fairy ring champignon</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Marasmius
oreades</i>, which has a strong flavor but is edible.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cham"pi*on</hw> (ch&abreve;m"p&ibreve;*&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>champion</i>, fr. LL. <i>campio</i>,
of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>chempho</i>, <i>chemphio</i>,
fighter, <i>champf</i>, G. <i>kampf</i>, contest; perh.
influenced by L. <i>campus</i> field, taken in the sense of
"field of battle."] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who engages in
any contest; esp. one who in ancient times contended in single
combat in behalf of another's honor or rights; or one who now
acts or speaks in behalf of a person or a cause; a defender; an
advocate; a hero.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A stouter <i>champion</i> never handled sword.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Champions</i> of law and liberty.<BR>
<i>Fisher Ames.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who by defeating all rivals, has
obtained an acknowledged supremacy in any branch of athletics or
game of skill, and is ready to contend with any rival; as, the
<i>champion</i> of England.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Champion</i> is used attributively in the sense of
<i>surpassing all competitors</i>; <i>overmastering</i>; as,
<i>champion</i> pugilist; <i>champion</i> chess player.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Leader; chieftain; combatant; hero; warrior;
defender; protector.</p>

<p><hw>Cham"pi*on</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Championed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Championing</u>.] [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a champion; to attend
or defend as champion; to support or maintain; to
protect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Championed</i> or unchampioned, thou diest.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cham"pi*on*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
female champion.</def>  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cham"pi*on*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being champion; leadership; supremacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham*plain" pe"ri*od</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
subdivision of the Quaternary age immediately following the
Glacial period; -- so named from beds near Lake
Champlain.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The earlier deposits of this period are diluvial in
character, as if formed in connection with floods attending the
melting of the glaciers, while the later deposits are of finer
material in more quiet waters, as the alluvium.</p>

<p><hw>||Cham*sin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Kamsin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chance</hw> (ch&adot;ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chance</i>, OF. <i>cheance</i>, fr. LL. <i>cadentia</i> a
allusion to the falling of the dice), fr. L. <i>cadere</i> to
fall; akin to Skr. <i>&ccedil;ad</i> to fall, L. <i>cedere</i> to
yield, E. <i>cede</i>. Cf. <u>Cadence</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A supposed material or psychical agent or mode of activity
other than a force, law, or purpose; fortune; fate; -- in this
sense often personified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is strictly and philosophically true in nature
and reason that there is no such thing as <i>chance</i> or
accident; it being evident that these words do not signify
anything really existing, anything that is truly an agent or the
cause of any event; but they signify merely men's ignorance of
the real and immediate cause.<BR>
<i>Samuel Clark.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Any society into which <i>chance</i> might throw
him.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That power<BR>
Which erring men call <i>Chance</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The operation or activity of such
agent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By chance a priest came down that way.<BR>
<i>Luke x. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The supposed effect of such an agent;
something that befalls, as the result of unknown or unconsidered
forces; the issue of uncertain conditions; an event not
calculated upon; an unexpected occurrence; a happening; accident;
fortuity; casualty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was a <i>chance</i> that happened to us.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. vi. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The Knave of Diamonds tries his wily arts,<BR>
And wins (O shameful <i>chance</i>!) the Queen of Hearts.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I spake of most disastrous <i>chance</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A possibility; a likelihood; an
opportunity; -- with reference to a doubtful result; as, a
<i>chance</i> to escape; a <i>chance</i> for life; the
<i>chances</i> are all against him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So weary with disasters, tugged with fortune.<BR>
That I would get my life on any <i>chance</i>,<BR>
To mend it, or be rid on 't<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Probability.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The mathematical expression, of a <i>chance</i> is the
ratio of frequency with which an event happens in the long run.
If an event may happen in <i>a</i> ways and may fail in <i>b</i>
ways, and each of these <i>a</i> + <i>b</i> ways is equally
likely, the <i>chance</i>, or probability, that the event will
happen is measured by the fraction <fract>a/<i>a + b</i></fract>,
and the <i>chance</i>, or probability, that it will fail is
measured by <fract>b/<i>a + b</i></fract>.</p>

<p><col><b>Chance comer</b></col>, <cd>one who comes
unexpectedly.</cd> -- <col><b>The last chance</b></col>, <cd>the
sole remaining ground of hope.</cd> -- <col><b>The main
chance</b></col>, <cd>the chief opportunity; that upon which
reliance is had, esp. self-interest.</cd> -- <col><b>Theory of
chances</b></col>, <col><b>Doctrine of chances</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>that branch of mathematics which treats of
the probability of the occurrence of particular events, as the
fall of dice in given positions.</cd> -- <col><b>To mind one's
chances</b></col>, <cd>to take advantage of every circumstance;
to seize every opportunity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chance</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chanced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chancing</u>.] <def>To happen, come, or arrive,
without design or expectation.</def> "Things that <i>chance</i>
daily."  <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If a bird's nest <i>chance</i> to be before
thee.<BR>
<i>Deut. xxii. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>chanced</i> on this letter.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Often used impersonally; as, how <i>chances</i> it?</p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>chance</i>, thou art returned so soon?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take the chances of; to venture upon; -- usually with
<i>it</i> as object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come what will, I will <i>chance</i> it.<BR>
<i>W. D. Howells.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To befall; to happen to.</def> [Obs.]
<i>W. Lambarde.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chance</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Happening by
chance; casual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chance</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By chance;
perchance.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chance"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Fortuitous; casual.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chance"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
chance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chance"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hazardous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chan"cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chancel</i>, F. <i>chanceau</i>, <i>cancel</i>, fr. L.
<i>cancelli</i> lattices, crossbars. (The <i>chancel</i> was
formerly inclosed with lattices or crossbars) See <u>Cancel</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>That part of a church, reserved for the use of the clergy,
where the altar, or communion table, is placed.</def> Hence, in
modern use; <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>All that part of a cruciform
church which is beyond the line of the transept farthest from the
main front.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chancel aisle</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the aisle
which passes on either side of or around the chancel.</cd> --
<col><b>Chancel arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the arch which
spans the main opening, leading to the chancel.</cd> --
<col><b>Chancel casement</b></col>, <cd>the principal window in a
chancel.</cd> <i>Tennyson</i>. -- <col><b>Chancel
table</b></col>, <cd>the communion table.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chan"cel*ler*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Chancery</u>.] <def>Chancellorship.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chan"cel*lor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>canceler</i>, <i>chaunceler</i>, F. <i>chancelier</i>, LL.
<i>cancellarius</i> chancellor, a director of chancery, fr. L.
<i>cancelli</i> lattices, crossbars, which surrounded the seat of
judgment. See <u>Chancel</u>.] <def>A judicial court of chancery,
which in England and in the United States is distinctively a
court with equity jurisdiction.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>chancellor</i> was originally a chief scribe or
secretary under the Roman emperors, but afterward was invested
with judicial powers, and had superintendence over the other
officers of the empire. From the Roman empire this office passed
to the church, and every bishop has his chancellor, the principal
judge of his consistory. In later times, in most countries of
Europe, the chancellor was a high officer of state, keeper of the
great seal of the kingdom, and having the supervision of all
charters, and like public instruments of the crown, which were
authenticated in the most solemn manner. In France a secretary is
in some cases called a <i>chancellor</i>. In Scotland, the
appellation is given to the foreman of a jury, or assize. In the
present German empire, the <i>chancellor</i> is the president of
the federal council and the head of the imperial administration.
In the United States, the title is given to certain judges of
courts of chancery or equity, established by the statutes of
separate States.  <i>Blackstone. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chancellor</b></col> <col><b>of a bishop, or of a
diocese</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch. &amp; ch. of Eng.)</i>, <cd>a law
officer appointed to hold the bishop's court in his diocese, and
to assist him in matter of ecclesiastical law.</cd> --
<col><b>Chancellor of a cathedral</b></col>, <cd>one of the four
chief dignitaries of the cathedrals of the old foundation, and an
officer whose duties are chiefly educational, with special
reference to the cultivation of theology.</cd> --
<col><b>Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster</b></col>, <cd>an
officer before whom, or his deputy, the court of the duchy
chamber of Lancaster is held. This is a special
jurisdiction.</cd> -- <col><b>Chancellor of a
university</b></col>, <cd>the chief officer of a collegiate body.
In Oxford, he is elected for life; in Cambridge, for a term of
years; and his office is honorary, the chief duties of it
devolving on the vice chancellor.</cd> -- <col><b>Chancellor of
the exchequer</b></col>, <cd>a member of the British cabinet upon
whom devolves the charge of the public income and expenditure as
the highest finance minister of the government.</cd> --
<col><b>Chancellor of the order of the Garter</b></col> (or other
military orders), <cd>an officer who seals the commissions and
mandates of the chapter and assembly of the knights, keeps the
register of their proceedings, and delivers their acts under the
seal of their order.</cd> -- <col><b>Lord high chancellor of
England</b></col>, <cd>the presiding judge in the court of
chancery, the highest judicial officer of the crown, and the
first lay person of the state after the blood royal. He is
created chancellor by the delivery into his custody of the great
seal, of which he becomes keeper. He is privy counselor by his
office, and prolocutor of the House of Lords by
prescription.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 239 !></p>

<p><hw>Chan"cel*lor*ship</hw>
(ch&adot;n"s&ebreve;l*l&etilde;r*sh&ibreve;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a chancellor; the time
during which one is chancellor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chance"-med`ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Chance</i> + <i>medley</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The killing of another in self-defense upon a sudden and
unpremeditated encounter. See <u>Chaud-Medley</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term has been sometimes applied to any kind of
homicide by misadventure, or to any accidental killing of a
person without premeditation or evil intent, but, in strictness,
is applicable to such killing as happens in defending one's self
against assault.  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Luck; chance; accident.</def>
<i>Milton.</i> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chan"cer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chancellerie</i>, LL. <i>cancellaria</i>, from L.
<i>cancellarius</i>. See <u>Chancellor</u>, and cf.
<u>Chancellery</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In England,
formerly, the highest court of judicature next to the Parliament,
exercising jurisdiction at law, but chiefly in equity; but under
the jurisdiction act of 1873 it became the chancery division of
the High Court of Justice, and now exercises jurisdiction only in
equity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the Unites States, a court of
equity; equity; proceeding in equity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A court of chancery, so far as it is a court of equity,
in the English and American sense, may be generally, if not
precisely, described as one having jurisdiction in cases of
rights, recognized and protected by the municipal jurisprudence,
where a plain, adequate, and complete remedy can not be had in
the courts of common law. In some of the American States,
jurisdiction at law and in equity centers in the same tribunal.
The courts of the United States also have jurisdiction both at
law and in equity, and in all such cases they exercise their
jurisdiction, as courts of law, or as courts of equity, as the
subject of adjudication may require. In others of the American
States, the courts that administer equity are distinct tribunals,
having their appropriate judicial officers, and it is to the
latter that the appellation <i>courts of chancery</i> is usually
applied; but, in American law, the terms <i>equity</i> and
<i>court of equity</i> are more frequently employed than the
corresponding terms <i>chancery</i> and <i>court of chancery</i>.
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Inns of chancery</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Inn</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To get (<i>or</i> to hold) In
chancery</b></col> <i>(Boxing)</i>, <cd>to get the head of an
antagonist under one's arm, so that one can pommel it with the
other fist at will; hence, to have wholly in One's power. The
allusion is to the condition of a person involved in the chancery
court, where he was helpless, while the lawyers lived upon his
estate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chan"cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chancere</i>. See <u>Cancer</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
venereal sore or ulcer; specifically, the initial lesion of true
syphilis, whether forming a distinct ulcer or not; -- called also
<i>hard chancre</i>, <i>indurated chancre</i>, and <i>Hunterian
chancre</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Soft chancre</b></col>. <cd>A chancroid. See
<u>Chancroid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chan"croid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Chancre</i>
+ <i>-oil</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A venereal sore, resembling a
chancre in its seat and some external characters, but differing
from it in being the starting point of a purely local process and
never of a systemic disease; -- called also <i>soft
chancre</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chan"crous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chancreux</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of the nature of a chancre;
having chancre.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chan`de*lier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Chandler</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A candlestick, lamp,
stand, gas fixture, or the like, having several branches; esp.,
one hanging from the ceiling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A movable parapet,
serving to support fascines to cover pioneers.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chan"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chandelier</i> a candlestick, a maker or seller of candles,
LL. <i>candelarius</i> chandler, fr. L. <i>candela</i> candle.
See <u>Candle</u>, and cf. <i>Chandelier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A maker or seller of candles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>chandler's</i> basket, on his shoulder
borne,<BR>
With tallow spots thy coat.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dealer in other commodities, which
are indicated by a word prefixed; as, ship <i>chandler</i>, corn
<i>chandler</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chan"dler*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
chandler; in a petty way.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chan"dler*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Commodities sold by a chandler.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chan*doo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An extract
or preparation of opium, used in China and India for
smoking.</def>  <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chan"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Chandlery.</def> [Obs.] "Torches from the <i>chandry</i>."
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chan"frin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chanfrein</i>. Cf. <u>Chamfron</u>.] <def>The fore part of a
horse's head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Change</hw> (ch&amacr;nj), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Changed</u> (ch&amacr;njd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Changing</u>.] [F.
<i>changer</i>, fr. LL. <i>cambiare</i>, to exchange, barter, L.
<i>cambire</i>. Cf. <u>Cambial</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
alter; to make different; to cause to pass from one state to
another; as, to <i>change</i> the position, character, or
appearance of a thing; to <i>change</i> the
countenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore will I <i>change</i> their glory into
shame.<BR>
<i>Hosea. iv. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To alter by substituting something
else for, or by giving up for something else; as, to
<i>change</i> the clothes; to <i>change</i> one's occupation; to
<i>change</i> one's intention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that do <i>change</i> old love for new,<BR>
Pray gods, they change for worse!<BR>
<i>Peele.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give and take reciprocally; to
exchange; -- followed by <i>with</i>; as, to <i>change</i> place,
or hats, or money, with another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look upon those thousands with whom thou wouldst
not, for any interest, <i>change</i> thy fortune and
condition.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: To give, or receive,
smaller denominations of money (technically called <i>change</i>)
for; as, to <i>change</i> a gold coin or a bank bill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He pulled out a thirty-pound note and bid me
<i>change</i> it.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To change a horse, <i>or</i> To change hand</b></col>
<i>(Man.)</i>, <cd>to turn or bear the horse's head from one hand
to the other, from the left to right, or from the right to the
left.</cd> -- <col><b>To change hands</b></col>, <cd>to change
owners.</cd> -- <col><b>To change one's tune</b></col>, <cd>to
become less confident or boastful.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To
change step</b></col>, <cd>to take a break in the regular
succession of steps, in marching or walking, as by bringing the
hollow of one foot against the heel of the other, and then
stepping off with the foot which is in advance.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To alter; vary; deviate; substitute; innovate;
diversify; shift; veer; turn. See <u>Alter</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Change</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be altered; to undergo variation; as, men sometimes
<i>change</i> for the better.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For I am Lord, I <i>change</i> not.<BR>
<i>Mal. iii. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass from one phase to another; as,
the moon <i>changes</i> to-morrow night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Change</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>change</i>, fr.
<i>changer</i>. See <u>Change</u>. <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any variation or alteration; a passing
from one state or form to another; as, a <i>change</i> of
countenance; a <i>change</i> of habits or principles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Apprehensions of a <i>change</i> of dynasty.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>All the days of my appointed time will I wait,
till my <i>change</i> come.<BR>
<i>Job xiv. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A succesion or substitution of one
thing in the place of another; a difference; novelty; variety;
as, a <i>change</i> of seasons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our fathers did for <i>change</i> to France
repair.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The ringing grooves of <i>change</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A passing from one phase to another;
as, a <i>change</i> of the moon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Alteration in the order of a series;
permutation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which makes a variety, or may be
substituted for another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thirty <i>change</i> (R.V. <i>changes</i>) of
garments.<BR>
<i>Judg. xiv. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Small money; the money by means of
which the larger coins and bank bills are made available in small
dealings; hence, the balance returned when payment is tendered by
a coin or note exceeding the sum due.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> [See <u>Exchange</u>.] <def>A place where
merchants and others meet to transact business; a building
appropriated for mercantile transactions.</def> [Colloq. for
Exchange.]</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A public house; an alehouse.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They call an alehouse a <i>change</i>.<BR>
<i>Burt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Any order in which a
number of bells are struck, other than that of the diatonic
scale.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Four bells admit twenty-four <i>changes</i> in
ringing.<BR>
<i>Holder.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Change of life</b></col>, <cd>the period in the life
of a woman when menstruation and the capacity for conception
cease, usually occurring between forty-five and fifty years of
age.</cd> -- <col><b>Change ringing</b></col>, <cd>the continual
production, without repetition, of changes on bells, See def. 9.
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Change wheel</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>,
<cd>one of a set of wheels of different sizes and number of
teeth, that may be changed or substituted one for another in
machinery, to produce a different but definite rate of angular
velocity in an axis, as in cutting screws, gear, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>To ring the changes on</b></col>, <cd>to present the same
facts or arguments in variety of ways.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Variety; variation; alteration; mutation;
transition; vicissitude; innovation; novelty; transmutation;
revolution; reverse.</p>

<p><hw>Change`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Changeableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Change"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>changeable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of change;
subject to alteration; mutable; variable; fickle; inconstant; as,
a <i>changeable</i> humor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Appearing different, as in color, in
different lights, or under different circumstances; as,
<i>changeable</i> silk.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mutable; alterable; variable; inconstant;
fitful; vacillating; capricious; fickle; unstable; unsteady;
unsettled; wavering; erratic; giddy; volatile.</p>

<p><hw>Change"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being changeable; fickleness; inconstancy;
mutability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Change"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
changeable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Change"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
change; mutable; inconstant; fickle; uncertain.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His course had been <i>changeful</i>.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Change"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Change"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Change"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That can not
be changed; constant; as, a <i>changeless</i> purpose.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Change"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Change"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Change</i> +
<i>-ling</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, is
left or taken in the place of another, as a child exchanged by
fairies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such, men do <i>changelings</i> call, so changed
by fairies' theft.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>changeling</i> [a substituted writing]
never known.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A simpleton; an idiot.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Changelings</i> and fools of heaven, and thence
shut out.</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Wildly we roam in discontent about.<BR>
 <i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One apt to change; a waverer.</def>
"Fickle <i>changelings</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Change"ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Taken or left in place of another; changed.</def> "A little
<i>changeling</i> boy."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to change; inconstant.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some are so studiously <i>changeling</i>.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chan"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who changes or alters the form of anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who deals in or changes
money.</def>  <i>John ii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One apt to change; an inconstant
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chank"</hw> (ch&abreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Skr. <i>&ccedil;a&ndot;kha</i>. See <u>Conch</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The East Indian name for the large
spiral shell of several species of sea conch much used in making
bangles, esp. <i>Turbinella pyrum</i>. Called also <i>chank
shell</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chan"nel</hw> (ch&abreve;n"n&ebreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>chanel</i>, <i>canel</i>, OF.
<i>chanel</i>, F. <i>chenel</i>, fr. L. <i>canalis</i>. See
<u>Canal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The hollow bed where a
stream of water runs or may run.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The deeper part of a river, harbor,
strait, etc., where the main current flows, or which affords the
best and safest passage for vessels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A strait, or narrow
sea, between two portions of lands; as, the British
<i>Channel</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That through which anything passes;
means of passing, conveying, or transmitting; as, the news was
conveyed to us by different <i>channels</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The veins are converging <i>channels</i>.<BR>
<i>Dalton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>At best, he is but a <i>channel</i> to convey to
the National assembly such matter as may import that body to
know.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A gutter; a groove, as in a fluted
column.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> [Cf. <u>Chain wales</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Flat ledges of heavy plank bolted edgewise to
the outside of a vessel, to increase the spread of the shrouds
and carry them clear of the bulwarks.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Channel bar</b></col>, <col><b>Channel iron</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an iron bar or beam having a section
resembling a flat gutter or channel.</cd> -- <col><b>Channel
bill</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very large Australian
cuckoo (<i>Scythrops Nov&aelig;hollandi&aelig;</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Channel goose</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Gannet</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chan"nel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Channeled</u> (?), or <u>Channelled</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Channeling</u>, or
<u>Channelling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form a channel
in; to cut or wear a channel or channels in; to groove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No more shall trenching war <i>channel</i> her
fields.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To course through or over, as in a
channel.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chan"nel*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of forming a channel or
channels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A channel or a system of channels; a
groove.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chan"son</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>cantion</i> song. See <u>Cantion</u>, <u>Canzone</u>.] <def>A
song.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Chan`son*nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Chansonnettes</b></plw> (#). [F., dim. of
<i>chanson</i>.] <def>A little song.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These pretty little <i>chansonnettes</i> that he
sung.<BR>
<i>Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Chanting</u>.] [F. <i>chanter</i>, fr. L. <i>cantare</i>,
intens. of <i>canere</i> to sing. Cf. <u>Cant</u> affected
speaking, and see <u>Hen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter
with a melodious voice; to sing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cheerful birds . . . do <i>chant</i> sweet
music.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To celebrate in song.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The poets <i>chant</i> in the theaters.<BR>
<i>Bramhall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To sing or recite after
the manner of a chant, or to a tune called a chant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chant</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make melody with the voice; to sing.</def> "<i>Chant</i>
to the sound of the viol."  <i>Amos vi. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To sing, as in reciting
a chant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To chant (or chaunt)</b></col>
<col><b>horses</b></col>, <cd>to sing their praise; to
overpraise; to cheat in selling. See <u>Chaunter</u>.</cd>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F. <i>chant</i>, fr. L.
<i>cantus</i> singing, song, fr. <i>canere</i> to sing. See
<u>Chant</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Song; melody.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short and simple
melody, divided into two parts by double bars, to which
unmetrical psalms, etc., are sung or recited. It is the most
ancient form of choral music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A psalm, etc., arranged for
chanting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Twang; manner of speaking; a canting
tone.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His strange face, his strange <i>chant</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Ambrosian chant</b></col>, See under <u>Ambrosian</u>.
<col><b>Chant royal</b></col> [F.], <cd>in old French poetry, a
poem containing five strophes of eleven lines each, and a
concluding stanza. -- each of these six parts ending with a
common refrain.</cd> -- <col><b>Gregorian chant</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Gregorian</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Chan`tant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. singing.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Composed in a melodious and singing
style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chant"er</hw> (ch&adot;nt"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>chanteur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who chants;
a singer or songster.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The chief singer of the chantry.</def>
<i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The flute or finger pipe in a bagpipe.
See <u>Bagpipe</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hedge
sparrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chan`te*relle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name for several species of mushroom, of
which one (<i>Cantharellus cibrius</i>) is edible, the others
reputed poisonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chan"ti*cleer</hw> (ch&abreve;n"t&ibreve;*kl&emacr;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>Chanteclair</i>, name of the cock in
the <i>Roman du Renart</i> (<i>Reynard the Fox</i>);
<i>chanter</i> to chant + <i>clair</i> clear. See <u>Chant</u>,
and <u>Clear</u>.] <def>A cock, so called from the clearness or
loudness of his voice in crowing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chant"ing</hw> (ch&adot;nt"&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Singing, esp. as a chant is
sung.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chanting falcon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
African falcon (<i>Melierax canorus or musicus</i>). The male has
the habit, remarkable in a bird of prey, of singing to his mate,
while she is incubating.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chant"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
chanter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chant"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>chanteresse</i>.] <def>A female chanter or singer.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 240 !></p>

<p><hw>Chant"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chantries</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>chanterie</i>, fr.
<i>chanter</i> to sing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An endowment or
foundation for the chanting of masses and offering of prayers,
commonly for the founder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A chapel or altar so endowed.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cha"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
atmosphere + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by means of
appearances in the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha"os</hw> (k&amacr;"&obreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>chaos</i> chaos (in senses 1 &amp; 2), Gr. <grk>cha`os</grk>, fr.
<grk>cha`inein</grk> (root <grk>cha</grk>) to yawn, to gape, to
open widely. Cf. <u>Chasm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An empty,
immeasurable space; a yawning chasm.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Between us and there is fixed a great
<i>chaos</i>.<BR>
<i>Luke xvi. 26 (Rhemish Trans.).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The confused, unorganized condition or
mass of matter before the creation of distinct and orderly
forms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any confused or disordered collection
or state of things; a confused mixture; confusion;
disorder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha*ot"ic</hw> (k&asl;*&obreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling chaos; confused.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha*ot"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
chaotic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chap</hw> (ch&abreve;p <i>or</i> ch&obreve;p), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chapped</u>
(ch&abreve;pt <i>or</i> ch&obreve;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chapping</u>.] [See <u>Chop</u> to cut.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to open in slits or chinks; to
split; to cause the skin of to crack or become rough.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then would unbalanced heat licentious reign,<BR>
Crack the dry hill, and <i>chap</i> the russet plain.<BR>
<i>Blackmore.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor winter's blast <i>chap</i> her fair face.<BR>
<i>Lyly.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike; to beat.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Chap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To crack or open in slits; as, the earth <i>chaps</i>; the
hands <i>chap</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike; to knock; to rap.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Chap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Chap</u>, <i>v.
t. &amp; i.</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cleft, crack, or chink, as
in the surface of the earth, or in the skin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A division; a breach, as in a
party.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many clefts and <i>chaps</i> in our council
board.<BR>
<i>T. Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A blow; a rap.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Chap</hw> (ch&obreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>chaft</i>; of Scand. origin; cf. Icel <i>kjaptr</i> jaw, Sw.
<i>K&auml;ft</i>, D. <i>ki&aelig;ft</i>; akin to G.
<i>kiefer</i>, and E. <i>jowl</i>. Cf. <u>Chops</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the jaws or the fleshy covering of
a jaw; -- commonly in the plural, and used of animals, and
colloquially of human beings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>chaps</i> were all besmeared with crimson
blood.<BR>
<i>Cowley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He unseamed him [Macdonald] from the nave to the
<i>chaps</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the jaws or cheeks of a vise,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chap</hw> (ch&abreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh.
abbreviated fr. <i>chapman</i>, but used in a more general sense;
or cf. Dan. <i>ki&aelig;ft</i> jaw, person, E. <i>chap</i> jaw.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A buyer; a chapman.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If you want to sell, here is your <i>chap</i>.<BR>
<i>Steele.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man or boy; a youth; a fellow.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Chap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Cheapen</u>.]
<def>To bargain; to buy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cha`par*ral"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr.
<i>chaparro</i> an evergeen oak.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thicket of low evergreen oaks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An almost impenetrable thicket or
succession of thickets of thorny shrubs and brambles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chaparral cock</b></col>; <i>fem</i>.
<col><b>Chaparral hen</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bird
of the cuckoo family (<i>Geococcyx Californianus</i>), noted for
running with great speed. It ranges from California to Mexico and
eastward to Texas; -- called also <i>road runner</i>, <i>ground
cuckoo</i>, <i>churea</i>, and <i>snake killer</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chap"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Chap</u>
to cheapen.] <def>Any small book carried about for sale by
chapmen or hawkers.  Hence, any small book; a toy book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a churchman's
cope, a cover, a chape, fr. L. <i>cappa</i>. See <u>Cap</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The piece by which an object is attached
to something, as the frog of a scabbard or the metal loop at the
back of a buckle by which it is fastened to a strap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The transverse guard of a sword or
dagger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The metal plate or tip which protects
the end of a scabbard, belt, etc.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cha`peau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chapeux</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. OF. <i>chapel</i> hat.
See <u>Chaplet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hat or covering
for the head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A cap of maintenance.
See <u>Maintenance</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Chapeau bras</b></col> (&?;) [F. <i>chapeau</i> hat
+ <i>bras</i> arm], <cd>a hat so made that it can be compressed
and carried under the arm without injury. Such hats were
particularly worn on dress occasions by gentlemen in the 18th
century. A <i>chapeau bras</i> is now worn in the United States
army by general and staff officers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chaped</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. or a.</i></pos>
<def>Furnished with a chape or chapes.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chap"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chapele</i>, F. <i>chapelle</i>, fr. LL. <i>capella</i>,
orig., a short cloak, hood, or cowl; later, a reliquary, sacred
vessel, chapel; dim. of <i>cappa</i>, <i>capa</i>, cloak, cape,
cope; also, a covering for the head. The chapel where St.
Martin's cloak was preserved as a precious relic, itself came to
be called <i>capella</i>, whence the name was applied to similar
paces of worship, and the guardian of this cloak was called
<i>capellanus</i>, or chaplain. See <u>Cap</u>, and cf.
<u>Chaplain</u>., <u>Chaplet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
subordinate place of worship</def>; as, <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>a small church, often a private foundation, as for a
memorial</def>; <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>a small building
attached to a church</def>; <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>a room or
recess in a church, containing an altar.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Catholic churches, and also in cathedrals and abbey
churches, <i>chapels</i> are usually annexed in the recesses on
the sides of the aisles.  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of worship not connected with
a church; as, the <i>chapel</i> of a palace, hospital, or
prison.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In England, a place of worship used by
dissenters from the Established Church; a meetinghouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A choir of singers, or an orchestra,
attached to the court of a prince or nobleman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
printing office, said to be so called because printing was first
carried on in England in a chapel near Westminster Abbey.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An association of workmen in a printing
office.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chapel of ease</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
chapel or dependent church built for the ease or a accommodation
of an increasing parish, or for parishioners who live at a
distance from the principal church.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A privy.</cd> <i>(Law)</i> -- <col><b>Chapel
master</b></col>, <cd>a director of music in a chapel; the
director of a court or orchestra.</cd> -- <col><b>To build a
chapel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to chapel a ship. See
<u>Chapel</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>To
hold a chapel</b></col>, <cd>to have a meeting of the men
employed in a printing office, for the purpose of considering
questions affecting their interests.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chap"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deposit or inter in a chapel; to
enshrine.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To cause (a ship taken
aback in a light breeze) so to turn or make a circuit as to
recover, without bracing the yards, the same tack on which she
had been sailing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chape"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
chape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chap"e*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Chaplet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pair of straps, with
stirrups, joined at the top and fastened to the pommel or the
frame of the saddle, after they have been adjusted to the
convenience of the rider.</def> [Written also
<i>chaplet</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of chain pump, or dredging
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chap"el*la*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chapellanies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. E. <i>chapellenie</i>,
LL. <i>capellania</i>. See Chaplain.] <def>A chapel within the
jurisdiction of a church; a subordinate ecclesiastical
foundation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chap"el*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>chapelerie</i>.] <def>The territorial district legally
assigned to a chapel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chap"er*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chaperon</i>. See <u>Chape</u>, <u>Cape</u>, <u>Cap</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hood; especially, an ornamental or an
official hood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His head and face covered with a <i>chaperon</i>,
out of which there are but two holes to look through.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A device placed on the foreheads of
horses which draw the hearse in pompous funerals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A matron who accompanies a young lady
in public, for propriety, or as a guide and protector.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chap"er*on</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chaperoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chaperoning</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>chaperonner</i>, fr.
<i>chaperon</i>.] <def>To attend in public places as a guide and
protector; to matronize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fortunately Lady Bell Finley, whom I had promised
to <i>chaperon</i>, sent to excuse herself.<BR>
<i>Hannah More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chap"er*on`age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Attendance of a chaperon on a lady in public; protection
afforded by a chaperon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chap"fall`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the lower chap or jaw drooping, -- an indication of humiliation
and dejection; crestfallen; discouraged. See
<u>Chopfallen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chap"i*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chapitel</i>, F. <i>chapiteau</i>, from L. <i>capitellum</i>,
dim. of <i>caput</i> head. Cf. <u>Capital</u>, <u>Chapter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A capital [Obs.] See
<u>Chapital</u>.</def>  <i>Ex. xxxvi. 38.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>A summary in
writing of such matters as are to be inquired of or presented
before justices in eyre, or justices of assize, or of the peace,
in their sessions; -- also called <i>articles</i>.</def>
<i>Jacob.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chap"lain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chapelain</i>, fr. LL. <i>capellanus</i>, fr. <i>capella</i>.
See <u>Chapel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastic who
has a chapel, or who performs religious service in a
chapel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A clergyman who is officially attached
to the army or navy, to some public institution, or to a family
or court, for the purpose of performing divine service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any person (clergyman or layman)
chosen to conduct religious exercises for a society, etc.; as, a
<i>chaplain</i> of a Masonic or a temperance lodge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chap"lain*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<u>Chaplaincies</u> (&?;). <def>The office, position, or station
of a chaplain.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chap"lain*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office or business of a
chaplain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Bethesda of some knight's
<i>chaplainship</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The possession or revenue of a
chapel.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chap"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
lower jaw; hence, fleshless.</def> [R.] "Yellow, <i>chapless</i>
skulls." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chap"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chapelet</i>, dim. of OF. <i>chapel</i> hat, garland, dim. fr.
LL. <i>cappa</i>. See <u>Cap</u>, and cf. <u>Chapelet</u>,
<u>Chapeau</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A garland or wreath to
be worn on the head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A string of beads, or part of a
string, used by Roman Catholic in praying; a third of a rosary,
or fifty beads.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>chaplet</i> of beads and her missal.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small molding, carved
into beads, pearls, olives, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A chapelet. See
<u>Chapelet</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A bent piece of
sheet iron, or a pin with thin plates on its ends, for holding a
core in place in the mold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A tuft of feathers on a peacock's
head.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chap"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small chapel or
shrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chap"let</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chapleted</u>.] <def>To adorn with a chaplet or
with flowers.</def>  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chap"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chapmen</b></plw> (#). [AS. <i>ce&aacute;pman</i>;
<i>ce&aacute;p</i> trade + <i>man</i> man; akin to D.
<i>koopman</i>, Sw. <i>k&ouml;pman</i>, Dan.
<i>ki&ouml;pmand</i>, G. <i>kaufmann</i>.f. <u>Chap</u> to
cheapen, and see <u>Cheap</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
buys and sells; a merchant; a buyer or a seller.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The word of life is a quick commodity, and ought
not, as a drug to be obtruded on those <i>chapmen</i> who are
unwilling to buy it.<BR>
<i>T. Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A peddler; a hawker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chap"py</hw> (?), <def>Full of chaps; cleft; gaping;
open.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The jaws, or
the fleshy parts about them. See <u>Chap</u>.</def> "Open your
<i>chaps</i> again."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chap"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chapitre</i>, F. <i>chapitre</i>, fr. L. <i>capitulum</i>,
dim. of <i>caput</i> head, the chief person or thing, the
principal division of a writing, chapter. See <u>Chief</u>, and
cf, <u>Chapiter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A division of a
book or treatise; as, Genesis has fifty
<i>chapters</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
assembly of monks, or of the prebends and other clergymen
connected with a cathedral, conventual, or collegiate church, or
of a diocese, usually presided over by the
dean.</def><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A community of canons or
canonesses.</def><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A bishop's
council.</def><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A business meeting of any
religious community.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An organized branch of some society or
fraternity as of the Freemasons.</def>  <i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A meeting of certain organized
societies or orders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A chapter house.</def> [R.]
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A decretal epistle.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A location or compartment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In his bosom! In what <i>chapter</i> of his
bosom?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Chapter head</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Chapter
heading</b></col>, <cd>that which stands at the head of a
chapter, as a title.</cd> -- <col><b>Chapter house</b></col>,
<cd>a house or room where a chapter meets, esp. a cathedral
chapter.</cd> -- <col><b>The chapter of accidents</b></col>,
<cd>chance.</cd> <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chap"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide into chapters, as a book.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To correct; to bring to book, <i>i.
e.</i>, to demand chapter and verse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chap"trel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chapiter</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An impost.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Char</hw>, <hw>Charr</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Ir. <i>cear</i>, Gael. <i>ceara</i>, lit., red, blood-colored,
fr. <i>cear</i> blood. So named from its red belly.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the several species of fishes of
the genus <i>Salvelinus</i>, allied to the spotted trout and
salmon, inhabiting deep lakes in mountainous regions in Europe.
In the United States, the brook trout (<i>Salvelinus
fontinalis</i>) is sometimes called a <i>char</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A car; a
chariot.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Char</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>cherr</i>,
<i>char</i> a turning, time, work, AS. <i>cerr</i>, <i>cyrr</i>,
turn, occasion, business, fr. <i>cerran</i>, <i>cyrran</i>, to
turn; akin to OS. <i>k&euml;rian</i>, OHG. <i>ch&euml;ran</i>, G.
<i>kehren</i>. Cf. <u>Chore</u>, <u>Ajar</u>.] <def>Work done by
the day; a single job, or task; a chore.</def> [Written also
<i>chare</i>.] [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When thou hast done this <i>chare</i>, I give thee
leave<BR>
To play till doomsday.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Char</hw>, <hw>Chare</hw>, } <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[See 3d <u>Char</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perform; to do;
to finish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nores.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thet char is <i>chared</i>, as the good wife said
when she had hanged her husband.<BR>
<i>Old Proverb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To work or hew, as stone.</def>
<i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Char</hw>, <hw>Chare</hw>, } <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To work by the day, without being a regularly hired servant;
to do small jobs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Charred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Charring</u>.] [Prob. the same word as
<i>char</i> to perform (see <u>Char</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>),
the modern use coming from <i>charcoal</i>, prop. <i>coal-
turned</i>, turned to coal.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to
coal or carbon by exposure to heat; to reduce to charcoal; to
burn to a cinder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To burn slightly or partially; as, to
<i>char</i> wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cha"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., of uncertain
origin.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of flowerless plants, having
articulated stems and whorled branches. They flourish in wet
places.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Char`-a-bancs"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Chars-a-banc</b></plw> (#). [F.] <def>A long,
light, open vehicle, with benches or seats running
lengthwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"act</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A distinctive
mark; a character; a letter or sign. [Obs.] See
<u>Character</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all his dressings, <i>characts</i>, titles,
forms.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Char"ac*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an
instrument for marking, character, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to make
sharp, to cut into furrows, to engrave: cf. F.
<i>caract&egrave;re</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A distinctive mark; a letter, figure,
or symbol.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were much to be wished that there were
throughout the world but one sort of <i>character</i> for each
letter to express it to the eye.<BR>
<i>Holder.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Style of writing or printing;
handwriting; the peculiar form of letters used by a particular
person or people; as, an inscription in the Runic
<i>character</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You know the <i>character</i> to be your
brother's?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The peculiar quality, or the sum of
qualities, by which a person or a thing is distinguished from
others; the stamp impressed by nature, education, or habit; that
which a person or thing really is; nature; disposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>character</i> or that dominion.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Know well each Ancient's proper
<i>character</i>;<BR>
His fable, subject, scope in every page;<BR>
Religion, Country, genius of his Age.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of . . . thoroughly subservient
<i>character</i>.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Strength of mind; resolution;
independence; individuality; as, he has a great deal of
<i>character</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Moral quality; the principles and
motives that control the life; as, a man of <i>character</i>; his
<i>character</i> saves him from suspicion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Quality, position, rank, or capacity;
quality or conduct with respect to a certain office or duty; as,
in the miserable <i>character</i> of a slave; in his
<i>character</i> as a magistrate; her <i>character</i> as a
daughter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The estimate, individual or general,
put upon a person or thing; reputation; as, a man's
<i>character</i> for truth and veracity; to give one a bad
<i>character</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This subterraneous passage is much mended since
Seneca gave so bad a <i>character</i> of it.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A written statement as to behavior,
competency, etc., given to a servant.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A unique or extraordinary
individuality; a person characterized by peculiar or notable
traits; a person who illustrates certain phases of character; as,
Randolph was a <i>character</i>; C&aelig;sar is a great
historical <i>character</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>One of the persons of a drama or
novel.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "It would be well if <i>character</i> and
<i>reputation</i> were used distinctively. In truth, character is
what a person is; reputation is what he is supposed to be.
Character is in himself, reputation is in the minds of others.
Character is injured by temptations, and by wrongdoing;
reputation by slanders, and libels. Character endures throughout
defamation in every form, but perishes when there is a voluntary
transgression; reputation may last through numerous
transgressions, but be destroyed by a single, and even an
unfounded, accusation or aspersion."  <i>Abbott.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Char"ac*ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Charactered</u> (?).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To engrave; to inscribe.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These trees shall be my books.<BR>
And in their barks my thoughts I 'll <i>character</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To distinguish by particular marks or
traits; to describe; to characterize.</def> [R.]
<i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><! p. 241 !></p>

<p><hw>Char"ac*ter*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
characterizing.] <def>A distinction of character; a
characteristic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Char`ac*ter*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;: cf. F. <i>charact&eacute;ristique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to,
or serving to constitute, the character; showing the character,
or distinctive qualities or traits, of a person or thing;
peculiar; distinctive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Characteristic</i> clearness of temper.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Char`ac*ter*is"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A distinguishing trait, quality, or
property; an element of character; that which
characterized.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>characteristics</i> of a true critic.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The integral part
(whether positive or negative) of a logarithm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char`ac*ter*is"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characteristic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char`ac*ter*is"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a characteristic manner; in a way that
characterizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char`ac*ter*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act or process of characterizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"ac*ter*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Characterized</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Characterizing</u>.] [LL.
<i>characterizare</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>charact&eacute;riser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
distinct and recognizable by peculiar marks or traits; to make
with distinctive features.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>European, Asiatic, Chinese, African, and Grecian
faces are <i>Characterized</i>.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To engrave or imprint.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To indicate the character of; to
describe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under the name of Tamerlane he intended to
<i>characterize</i> King William.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be a characteristic of; to make, or
express the character of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The softness and effeminacy which
<i>characterize</i> the men of rank in most countries.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To describe; distinguish; mark; designate;
style; particularize; entitle.</p>

<p><hw>Char"ac*ter*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute
of any distinguishing quality; without character or
force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"ac*ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or means of characterizing; a
system of signs or characters; symbolism; distinctive
mark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fairies use flowers for their
<i>charactery</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is charactered; the
meaning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will construe to thee<BR>
All the <i>charactery</i> of my sad brows.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cha*rade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>charade</i>, cf. Pr. <i>charrada</i> long chat, It
<i>ciarlare</i> to chat, whence E. <i>charlatan</i>.] <def>A
verbal or acted enigma based upon a word which has two or more
significant syllables or parts, each of which, as well as the
word itself, is to be guessed from the descriptions or
representations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"bo*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Carbuncle.</def> [Written also <i>Charboncle</i>.] [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Char"bon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., coal,
charbon.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A small black
spot or mark remaining in the cavity of the corner tooth of a
horse after the large spot or mark has become
obliterated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A very contagious and fatal disease of
sheep, horses, and cattle. See <u>Maligmant
pustule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"coal`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Char</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, to burn or to reduce to
coal, and <u>Coal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Impure carbon
prepared from vegetable or animal substances; esp., coal made by
charring wood in a kiln, retort, etc., from which air is
excluded. It is used for fuel and in various mechanical,
artistic, and chemical processes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Finely prepared
charcoal in small sticks, used as a drawing implement.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Animal charcoal</b></col>, <cd>a fine charcoal
prepared by calcining bones in a closed vessel; -- used as a
filtering agent in sugar refining, and as an absorbent and
disinfectant.</cd> -- <col><b>Charcoal blacks</b></col>, <cd>the
black pigment, consisting of burnt ivory, bone, cock, peach
stones, and other substances.</cd> -- <col><b>Charcoal
drawing</b></col> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>, <cd>a drawing made with
charcoal. See <u>Charcoal</u>, 2. Until within a few years this
material has been used almost exclusively for preliminary
outline, etc., but at present many finished drawings are made
with it.</cd> -- <col><b>Charcoal point</b></col>, <cd>a carbon
pencil prepared for use in an electric light apparatus.</cd> --
<col><b>Mineral charcoal</b></col>, <cd>a term applied to silky
fibrous layers of charcoal, interlaminated in beds of ordinary
bituminous coal; -- known to miners as <i>mother of
coal</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chard</hw> (ch&auml;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>carde</i> esculent thistle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
tender leaves or leafstalks of the artichoke, white beet, etc.,
blanched for table use.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A variety of the white beet, which
produces large, succulent leaves and leafstalks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chare</hw> (ch&acirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
narrow street.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Chare</hw>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>A chore; to
chore; to do. See <u>Char</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Charge</hw> (ch&auml;rj), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Charged</u> (ch&auml;rjd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Charging</u>.] [OF.
<i>chargier</i>, F. <i>charger</i>, fr. LL. <i>carricare</i>, fr.
L. <i>carrus</i> wagon. Cf. <u>Cargo</u>, <u>Caricature</u>,
<u>Cark</u>, and see <u>Car</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay
on or impose, as a load, tax, or burden; to load; to
fill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A carte that <i>charged</i> was with hay.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>charging</i> of children's memories with
rules.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay on or impose, as a task, duty,
or trust; to command, instruct, or exhort with authority; to
enjoin; to urge earnestly; as, to <i>charge</i> a jury; to
<i>charge</i> the clergy of a diocese; to <i>charge</i> an
agent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses . . . <i>charged</i> you to love the Lord
your God.<BR>
<i>Josh. xxii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Cromwell, I <i>charge</i> thee, fling away
ambition.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lay on, impose, or make subject to
or liable for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When land shall be <i>charged</i> by any lien.<BR>
<i>Kent.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fix or demand as a price; as, he
<i>charges</i> two dollars a barrel for apples.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To place something to the account of
as a debt; to debit, as, to <i>charge</i> one with goods. Also,
to enter upon the debit side of an account; as, to <i>charge</i>
a sum to one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To impute or ascribe; to lay to one's
charge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No more accuse thy pen, but <i>charge</i> the
crime<BR>
On native sloth and negligence of time.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To accuse; to make a charge or
assertion against (a person or thing); to lay the responsibility
(for something said or done) at the door of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he did that wrong you <i>charge</i> him
with.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To place within or upon any firearm,
piece of apparatus or machinery, the quantity it is intended and
fitted to hold or bear; to load; to fill; as, to <i>charge</i> a
gun; to <i>charge</i> an electrical machine, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their battering cannon <i>charged</i> to the
mouths.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To ornament with or cause to bear; as,
to <i>charge</i> an architectural member with a
molding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>To assume as a bearing;
as, he <i>charges</i> three roses or; to add to or represent on;
as, he <i>charges</i> his shield with three roses or.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To call to account; to
challenge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>charge</i> me to an answer.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To bear down upon; to rush upon; to
attack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Charged</i> our main battle's front.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To intrust; command; exhort; instruct; accuse;
impeach; arraign. See <u>Accuse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Charge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make an onset or rush; as, to
<i>charge</i> with fixed bayonets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like your heroes of antiquity, he <i>charges</i>
in iron.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>Charge</i> for the guns!" he said.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To demand a price; as, to
<i>charge</i> high for goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To debit on an account; as, to
<i>charge</i> for purchases.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To squat on its belly and be still; --
a command given by a sportsman to a dog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Charge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>charge</i>,
fr. <i>charger</i> to load. See <u>Charge</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Cargo</u>, <u>Caricature</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A load or burder laid upon a person or
thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing commited or
intrusted to the care, custody, or management of another; a
trust.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The people of a parish or church are called the
<i>charge</i> of the clergyman who is set over them.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Custody or care of any person, thing,
or place; office; responsibility; oversight; obigation;
duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis a great <i>charge</i> to come under one
body's hand.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Heed; care; anxiety; trouble.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Harm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An order; a mandate or command; an
injunction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king gave <i>cherge</i> concerning
Absalom.<BR>
<i>2. Sam. xviii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An address (esp. an earnest or
impressive address) containing instruction or exhortation; as,
the <i>charge</i> of a judge to a jury; the <i>charge</i> of a
bishop to his clergy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>An accusation of a wrong of offense;
allegation; indictment; specification of something
alleged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>charge</i> of confounding very different
classes of phenomena.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Whatever constitutes a burden on
property, as rents, taxes, lines, etc.; costs; expense incurred;
-- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The price demanded for a thing or
service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>An entry or a account of that which
is due from one party to another; that which is debited in a
business transaction; as, a <i>charge</i> in an account
book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>That quantity, as of ammunition,
electricity, ore, fuel, etc., which any apparatus, as a gun,
battery, furnace, machine, etc., is intended to receive and
fitted to hold, or which is actually in it at one time</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>The act of rushing upon, or towards,
an enemy; a sudden onset or attack, as of troops, esp. cavalry;
hence, the signal for attack; as, to sound the
<i>charge</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never, in any other war afore, gave the Romans a
hotter <i>charge</i> upon the enemies.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>charge</i> of the light brigade.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>A position (of a weapon) fitted for
attack; as, to bring a weapon to the <i>charge</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A sort of plaster or
ointment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A bearing. See
<u>Bearing</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Charre</u>.] <def>Thirty-six pigs
of lead, each pig weighing about seventy pounds; -- called also
<i>charre</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <def>Weight; import; value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many suchlike "as's" of great <i>charge</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Back charge</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Back</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Bursting charge</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a </i></sd><i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>The charge which bursts a
shell, etc.</cd> <sd><i>(b </i></sd><i>(Mining)</i> <cd>A small
quantity of fine powder to secure the ignition of a charge of
coarse powder in blasting.</cd> -- <col><b>Charge and
discharge</b></col> <i>(Equity Practice)</i>, <cd>the old mode or
form of taking an account before a master in chancery.</cd> --
<col><b>Charge sheet</b></col>, <cd>the paper on which are
entered at a police station all arrests and accusations.</cd> --
<col><b>To sound the charge</b></col>, <cd>to give the signal for
an attack.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Care; custody; trust; management; office;
expense; cost; price; assault; attack; onset; injunction;
command; order; mandate; instruction; accusation; indictment.</p>

<p><hw>Charge"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That may be charged, laid, imposed, or
imputes; as, a duty <i>chargeable</i> on iron; a fault
<i>chargeable</i> on a man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subject to be charge or accused;
liable or responsible; as, revenues <i>chargeable</i> with a
claim; a man <i>chargeable</i> with murder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Serving to create expense; costly;
burdensome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That we might not be <i>chargeable</i> to any of
you.<BR>
<i>2. Thess. iii. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>For the sculptures, which are elegant, were very
<i>chargeable</i>.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Charge"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being chargeable or expensive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Whitelocke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Charge"a*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At
great cost; expensively.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Char"geant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chargeant</i>, fr. <i>charger</i> to load.] <def>Burdensome;
troublesome.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Char`g&eacute;" d'af`faires"</hw> (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Charg&eacute;s
d'affaires</b></plw>. [F., "charged with affairs."] <def>A
diplomatic representative, or minister of an inferior grade,
accredited by the government of one state to the minister of
foreign affairs of another; also, a substitute, <i>ad
interim</i>, for an ambassador or minister
plenipotentiary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Charge"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Costly;
expensive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The fineness of the gold and <i>chargeful</i>
fashion.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Charge"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
schoolhouse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Charge"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from, or
with little, charge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"geous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Burdensome.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>chargeous</i> to no man.<BR>
<i>Wyclif, (2 Cor. xi. 9).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Char"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which charges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for measuring or
inserting a charge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A large dish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Give me here John Baptist's head in a
<i>charger</i>.<BR>
<i>Matt. xiv. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A horse for battle or parade.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And furious every <i>charger</i> neighed.<BR>
<i>Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Char*ge"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office of a <i>charg&eacute; d'affaires</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a chary
manner; carefully; cautiously; frugally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being chary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"i*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>Chariot</i>, from <i>char</i> car. See <u>Car</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A two-wheeled car or
vehicle for war, racing, state processions, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>First moved the <i>chariots</i>, after whom the
foot.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A four-wheeled pleasure or state
carriage, having one seat.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Char"i*ot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Charioted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Charioting</u>.] <def>To convey in a chariot.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Char`i*ot*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light,
covered, four-wheeled pleasure carriage with two seats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char`i*ot*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who drives a chariot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation. See
<u>Auriga</u>, and <u>Wagones</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha"rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;
gift</i>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A miraculously given power, as of
healing, speaking foreign languages without instruction, etc.,
attributed to some of the early Christians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char`is*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a charism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[F. See
<u>Charity</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of love and good will;
benevolent; kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be thy intents wicked or <i>charitable</i>, . . .
<BR>
 . . . I will speak to thee.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liberal in judging of others; disposed
to look on the best side, and to avoid harsh judgment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liberal in benefactions to the poor;
giving freely; generous; beneficent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>charitable</i> men afford to beggars.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to charity; springing
from, or intended for, charity; relating to almsgiving;
eleemosynary; as, a <i>charitable</i> institution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Dictated by kindness; favorable;
lenient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By a <i>charitable</i> construction it may be a
sermon.<BR>
<i>L. Andrews.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Kind; beneficent; benevolent; generous;
lenient; forgiving; helpful; liberal; favorable; indulgent.</p>

<p><hw>Char"i*ta*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being charitable; the exercise of charity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"i*ta*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
charitable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Charities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>charit&eacute;</i> fr. L.
<i>caritas</i> dearness, high regard, love, from <i>carus</i>
dear, costly, loved; asin to Skr. <i>kam</i> to wish, love, cf.
Ir. <i>cara</i> a friend, W. <i>caru</i> to love. Cf.
<u>Caress</u>.] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Love; universal benevolence; good
will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now abideth faith, hope, <i>charity</i>, three;
but the greatest of these is <i>charity</i>.<BR>
<i>1. Cor. xiii. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They, at least, are little to be envied, in whose
hearts the great <i>charities</i> . . . lie dead.<BR>
<i>Ruskin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>With malice towards none, with <i>charity</i> for
all.<BR>
<i>Lincoln.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liberality in judging of men and their
actions; a disposition which inclines men to put the best
construction on the words and actions of others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The highest exercise of <i>charity</i> is
<i>charity</i> towards the uncharitable.<BR>
<i>Buckminster.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liberality to the poor and the
suffering, to benevolent institutions, or to worthy causes;
generosity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heathen poet, in commending the <i>charity</i>
of Dido to the Trojans, spake like a Christian.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Whatever is bestowed gratuitously on
the needy or suffering for their relief; alms; any act of
kindness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She did ill then to refuse her a
<i>charity</i>.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A charitable institution, or a gift to
create and support such an institution; as, Lady Margaret's
<i>charity</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Eleemosynary
appointments [grants or devises] including relief of the poor or
friendless, education, religious culture, and public
institutions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>charities</i> that soothe, and heal, and
bless,<BR>
Are scattered at the feet of man like flowers.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Sisters of Charity</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>a
sisterhood of religious women engaged in works of mercy, esp. in
nursing the sick; -- a popular designation. There are various
orders of the Sisters of Charity.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Love; benevolence; good will; affection;
tenderness; beneficence; liberality; almsgiving.</p>

<p><hw>||Cha*ri`va*ri"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
mock serenade of discordant noises, made with kettles, tin horns,
etc., designed to annoy and insult.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It was at first performed before the house of any
person of advanced age who married a second time.</p>

<p><hw>Chark</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>charcoal</i>.] <def>Charcoal; a cinder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>DeFoe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chark</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Charked</u> (?).] <def>To burn to a coal; to
char.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Char"la*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>charlatan</i>, fr. It. <i>ciarlatano</i>, fr. <i>ciarlare</i>
to chartter, prate; of imitative origin; cf. It. <i>zirlare</i>
to whistle like a thrush.] <def>One who prates much in his own
favor, and makes unwarrantable pretensions; a quack; an impostor;
an empiric; a mountebank.</def></p>

<p><! p. 242 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Char`la*tan"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Char`la*tan"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or like a charlatan; making undue
pretension; empirical; pretentious; quackish.</def> --
<wf>Char`la*tan"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Char"la*tan*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>charlatanisme</i>.] <def>Charlatanry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"la*tan*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>charlatanrie</i>, from It. <i>ciarlataneria</i>. See
<u>Charlatan</u>.] <def>Undue pretensions to skill; quackery;
wheedling; empiricism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Charles's Wain</hw> (?). [<i>Charles</i> + <i>wain</i>;
cf. AS. <i>Carles w&?;n</i> (for <i>w&aelig;gn</i>), Sw.
<i>karlvagnen</i>, Dan. <i>karlsvogn</i>. See <u>Churl</u>, and
<u>Wain</u>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The group of seven stars,
commonly called the <i>Dipper</i>, in the constellation <i>Ursa
Major</i>, or <i>Great Bear</i>. See <u>Ursa major</u>, under
<u>Ursa</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is sometimes also applied to the
Constellation.</p>

<p><hw>Char"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cerlic</i>; the latter part perh. fr. AS. <i>le&aacute;c</i>
leek. Cf. <u>Hemlock</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cruciferous plant
(<i>Brassica sinapistrum</i>) with yellow flowers; wild mustard.
It is troublesome in grain fields. Called also <i>chardock</i>,
<i>chardlock</i>, <i>chedlock</i>, and <i>kedlock</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jointed charlock</b></col>, <col><b>White
charlock</b></col>, <cd>a troublesome weed (<i>Raphanus
Raphanistrum</i>) with straw-colored, whitish, or purplish
flowers, and jointed pods: wild radish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Char"lotte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A kind
of pie or pudding made by lining a dish with slices of bread, and
filling it with bread soaked in milk, and baked.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Charlotte Russe</b></col> (&?;), <i>or</i>
<col><b>||Charlotte &agrave; la russe</b></col> [F., lit.,
Russian charlotte] <i>(Cookery)</i>, <cd>a dish composed of
custard or whipped cream, inclosed in sponge cake.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Charm</hw> (ch&auml;rm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>charme</i>, fr. L. <i>carmen</i> song, verse, incantation, for
<i>casmen</i>, akin to Skr. <i>&ccedil;asman</i>,
<i>&ccedil;as&amacr;</i>, a laudatory song, from a root
signifying <i>to praise</i>, <i>to sing</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A melody; a song.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>charm</i> of earliest birds.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Free liberty to chant our <i>charms</i> at
will.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A word or combination of words sung or
spoken in the practice of magic; a magical combination of words,
characters, etc.; an incantation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My high <i>charms</i> work.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which exerts an irresistible
power to please and attract; that which fascinates; any alluring
quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Charms</i> strike the sight, but merit wins the
soul.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>charm</i> of beauty's powerful glance.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything worn for its supposed
efficacy to the wearer in averting ill or securing good
fortune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any small decorative object worn on
the person, as a seal, a key, a silver whistle, or the like.
Bunches of <i>charms</i> are often worn at the watch
chain.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> - Spell; incantation; conjuration; enchantment;
fascination; attraction.</p>

<p><hw>Charm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Charmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Charming</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>charmer</i>. See
<u>Charm</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make music upon; to tune.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here we our slender pipes may safely
<i>charm</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subdue, control, or summon by
incantation or supernatural influence; to affect by
magic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No witchcraft <i>charm</i> thee!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To subdue or overcome by some secret
power, or by that which gives pleasure; to allay; to
soothe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Music the fiercest grief can <i>charm</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To attract irresistibly; to delight
exceedingly; to enchant; to fascinate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They, on their mirth and dance<BR>
Intent, with jocund music <i>charm</i> his ear.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To protect with, or make invulnerable
by, spells, charms, or supernatural influences; as, a
<i>charmed</i> life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I, in my own woe <i>charmed</i>,<BR>
Could not find death.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> - To fascinate; enchant; enrapture; captivate;
bewitch; allure; subdue; delight; entice; transport.</p>

<p><hw>Charm</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To use magic arts or occult power; to make use of
charms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The voice of charmers, <i>charming</i> never so
wisely.<BR>
<i>Ps. lviii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act as, or produce the effect of, a
charm; to please greatly; to be fascinating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a musical sound.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Char"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.] <def>A
fruitful field.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Libanus shall be turned into <i>charmel</i>, and
<i>charmel</i> shall be esteemed as a forest.<BR>
<i>Isa. xxix. 17 (Douay version).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Charm"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who charms, or has power to charm; one who uses the
power of enchantment; a magician.</def>  <i>Deut. xviii.
11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who delights and attracts the
affections.</def></p>

<p><hw>Charm"er*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
enchantress.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Charm"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding
with charms.</def> "His <i>charmful</i> lyre."
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Charm"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pleasing the
mind or senses in a high degree; delighting; fascinating;
attractive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>charming</i> is divine philosophy.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> - Enchanting; bewitching; captivating;
enrapturing; alluring; fascinating; delightful; pleasurable;
graceful; lovely; amiable; pleasing; winning.</p>

<p> -- <wf>Charm"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Charm"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Charm"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
charms.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Char"ne*co</hw>, <hw>Char"ni*co</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sort of sweet wine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Char"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>charnel</i>
carnal, fleshly, fr. L. <i>carnalis</i>. See <u>Carnal</u>.]
<def>Containing the bodies of the dead.</def> "<i>Charnel</i>
vaults."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Charnel house</b></col>, <cd>a tomb, vault, cemetery,
or other place where the bones of the dead are deposited;
originally, a place for the bones thrown up when digging new
graves in old burial grounds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Char"nel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A charnel house;
a grave; a cemetery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In their proud <i>charnel</i> of
Thermopyl&aelig;.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cha"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Cless. Myth.)</i> <def>The son of Erebus and Nox, whose
office it was to ferry the souls of the dead over the Styx, a
river of the infernal regions.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Char"pie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., properly
fem. p. p. of OF. <i>charpir</i>, <i>carpir</i>, to pluck, fr. L.
<i>carpere</i>. Cf. <u>Carpet</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Straight
threads obtained by unraveling old linen cloth; -- used for
surgical dressings.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Char"qui</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. A term used
in South America, Central America, and the Western United
States.] <def>Jerked beef; beef cut into long strips and dried in
the wind and sun.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Charr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Char</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Char"ras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The gum
resin of the hemp plant (<i>Cannabis sativa</i>). Same as
<u>Churrus</u>.</def>  <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Charre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>charrus</i>
a certain weight.] <def>See <u>Charge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
17.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 6th
<u>Char</u>.] <def>Pertaining to charcoal, or partaking of its
qualities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A doublet of
<i>card</i>: cf. F. <i>charte</i> charter, <i>carte</i> card. See
<u>Card</u>, and cf. <u>Charter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sheet of paper, pasteboard, or the like, on which information is
exhibited, esp. when the information is arranged in tabular form;
as, an historical <i>chart</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A map; esp., a hydrographic or marine
map; a map on which is projected a portion of water and the land
which it surrounds, or by which it is surrounded, intended
especially for the use of seamen; as, the United States Coast
Survey <i>charts</i>; the English Admiralty
<i>charts</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A written deed; a charter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Globular chart</b></col>, <cd>a chart constructed on a
globular projection. See under <u>Globular</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Heliographic chart</b></col>, <cd>a map of the sun with
its spots.</cd> -- <col><b>Mercator's chart</b></col>, <cd>a
chart constructed on the principle of Mercator's projection. See
<u>Projection</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane chart</b></col>, <cd>a
representation of some part of the superficies of the globe, in
which its spherical form is disregarded, the meridians being
drawn parallel to each other, and the parallels of latitude at
equal distances.</cd> -- <col><b>Selenographic chart</b></col>,
<cd>a map representing the surface of the moon.</cd> --
<col><b>Topographic chart</b></col>, <cd>a minute delineation of
a limited place or region.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chart</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Charted</u>.] <def>To lay down in a chart; to
map; to delineate; as, to <i>chart</i> a coast.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Char"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., leaf of
paper. See <u>Chart</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Material on which instruments, books, etc., are written;
parchment or paper.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A charter or
deed; a writing by which a grant is made. See <u>Magna
Charta</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>chartaceus</i>. See <u>Charta</u>.] <def>Resembling paper or
parchment; of paper-like texture; papery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Charte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Chart</u>.] <def>The constitution, or fundamental law, of the
French monarchy, as established on the restoration of Louis
XVIII., in 1814.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chartre</i>, F. <i>chartre</i>, <i>charte</i>, fr. L.
<i>chartula</i> a little paper, dim. of <i>charta</i>. See
<u>Chart</u>, <u>Card</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A written
evidence in due form of things done or granted, contracts made,
etc., between man and man; a deed, or conveyance.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument in writing, from the
sovereign power of a state or country, executed in due form,
bestowing rights, franchises, or privileges.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king [John, <u>a.d</u>. 1215], with a facility
somewhat suspicious, signed and sealed the <i>charter</i> which
was required of him. This famous deed, commonly called the "Great
<i>Charter</i>," either granted or secured very important
liberties and privileges to every order of men in the
kingdom.<BR>
<i>Hume.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An act of a legislative body creating
a municipal or other corporation and defining its powers and
privileges. Also, an instrument in writing from the constituted
authorities of an order or society (as the Freemasons), creating
a lodge and defining its powers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A special privilege, immunity, or
exemption.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My mother,<BR>
Who has a <i>charter</i> to extol her blood,<BR>
When she does praise me, grieves me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The letting or hiring a
vessel by special contract, or the contract or instrument whereby
a vessel is hired or let; as, a ship is offered for sale or
<i>charter</i>. See <i>Charter party</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Charter land</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>land
held by charter, or in socage; bookland.</cd> -- <col><b>Charter
member</b></col>, <cd>one of the original members of a society or
corporation, esp. one named in a charter, or taking part in the
first proceedings under it.</cd> -- <col><b>Charter
party</b></col> [F. <i>chartre partie</i>, or <i>charte
partie</i>, a divided charter; from the practice of cutting the
instrument of contract in two, and giving one part to each of the
contractors] <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a mercantile lease of a vessel; a
specific contract by which the owners of a vessel let the entire
vessel, or some principal part of the vessel, to another person,
to be used by the latter in transportation for his own account,
either under their charge or his.</cd> -- <col><b>People's
Charter</b></col> (Eng. Hist.), <cd>the document which embodied
the demands made by the Chartists, so called, upon the English
government in 1838.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Char"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chartered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chartering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
establish by charter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hire or let by charter, as a ship.
See <i>Charter party</i>, under <u>Charter</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Char"tered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Granted or established by charter;
having, or existing under, a charter; having a privilege by
charter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sufficiency of <i>chartered</i> rights.<BR>
<i>Palfrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The air, a <i>chartered</i> libertine.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hired or let by charter, as a
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
charters; esp. one who hires a ship for a voyage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"ter*house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A well
known public school and charitable foundation in the building
once used as a Carthusian monastery (<i>Chartreuse</i>) in
London.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"ter*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Chartist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chart"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>charte</i>
charter. Cf. <u>Charte</u>, <u>Chart</u>.] <def>The principles of
a political party in England (1838-48), which contended for
universal suffrage, the vote by ballot, annual parliaments, equal
electoral districts, and other radical reforms, as set forth in a
document called the <i>People's Charter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chart"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A supporter
or partisan of chartism.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Chart"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Without a chart; having no guide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not mapped; uncharted; vague.</def>
<i>Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Char*tog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Char`to*graph"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<hw>Char*tog"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, etc.
<def>Same as <u>Cartographer</u>, <u>Cartographic</u>,
<u>Cartography</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"to*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>charta</i> paper + <i>-mancy</i>. Cf. <u>Cartomancy</u>.]
<def>Divination by written paper or by cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Chart</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring
charts or maps.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Char`treuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Carthusian monastery; esp. <i>La Grande
Chartreuse</i>, mother house of the order, in the mountains near
Grenoble, France.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An alcoholic cordial, distilled from
aromatic herbs; -- made at <i>La Grande Chartreuse</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Char`treux"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
Carthusian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"tu*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cartulary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Charwomen</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Char</u> a chore.]
<def>A woman hired for odd work or for single days.</def></p>

<p><hw>Char"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cearig</i>
careful, fr. <i>cearu</i> care. See <u>Care</u>.] <def>Careful;
wary; cautious; not rash, reckless, or spendthrift; saving;
frugal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His rising reputation made him more <i>chary</i>
of his fame.<BR>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cha*ryb"dis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., Gr. &?;.]
<def>A dangerous whirlpool on the coast of Sicily opposite Scylla
on the Italian coast. It is personified as a female monster. See
<u>Scylla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chas"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being chased; fit for hunting.</def>  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chase</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Chasing</u>.] [OF. <i>chacier</i>, F. <i>chasser</i>, fr.
(assumed) LL. <i>captiare</i>, fr. L. <i>captare</i> to strive to
seize. See <u>Catch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pursue for
the purpose of killing or taking, as an enemy, or game; to
hunt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are those which <i>chased</i> you from the
field.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Philologists, who <i>chase</i><BR>
A panting syllable through time and place.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To follow as if to catch; to pursue;
to compel to move on; to drive by following; to cause to fly; --
often with <i>away</i> or <i>off</i>; as, to <i>chase</i> the
hens away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Chased</i> by their brother's endless malice
from prince to prince and from place to place.<BR>
<i>Knolles.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pursue eagerly, as hunters pursue
game.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Chasing</i> each other merrily.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chase</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give chase; to
hunt; as, to <i>chase</i> around after a doctor.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Chase</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>chasse</i>,
fr. <i>chasser</i>. See <u>Chase</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Vehement pursuit for the purpose of
killing or capturing, as of an enemy, or game; an earnest seeking
after any object greatly desired; the act or habit of hunting; a
hunt.</def> "This mad <i>chase</i> of fame."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You see this <i>chase</i> is hotly followed.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is pursued or
hunted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nay, Warwick, seek thee out some other
<i>chase</i>,<BR>
For I myself must hunt this deer to death.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An open hunting ground to which game
resorts, and which is private properly, thus differing from a
forest, which is not private property, and from a park, which is
inclosed. Sometimes written <i>chace</i>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Court Tennis)</i> <def>A division of
the floor of a gallery, marked by a figure or otherwise; the spot
where a ball falls, and between which and the dedans the
adversary must drive his ball in order to gain a point.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chase gun</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a cannon
placed at the bow or stern of an armed vessel, and used when
pursuing an enemy, or in defending the vessel when pursued.</cd>
-- <col><b>Chase port</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a porthole
from which a chase gun is fired.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern
chase</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a chase in which the pursuing
vessel follows directly in the wake of the vessel
pursued.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chase</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ch&aacute;se</i>,
fr. L. <i>capsa</i> box, case. See <u>Case</u> a box.]
<i>(Print.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rectangular iron frame
in which pages or columns of type are imposed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The part of a cannon
from the re&euml;nforce or the trunnions to the swell of the
muzzle. See <u>Cannon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A groove, or channel, as in the face
of a wall; a trench, as for the reception of drain
tile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A kind of joint
by which an overlap joint is changed to a flush joint, by means
of a gradually deepening rabbet, as at the ends of clinker-built
boats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chase</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [A contraction of
<i>enchase</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ornament (a surface
of metal) by embossing, cutting away parts, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut, so as to make a screw
thread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chas"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who or that which chases; a pursuer; a driver; a
hunter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Chase
gun</u>, esp. in terms <i>bow chaser</i> and <i>stern chaser</i>.
See under <u>Bow</u>, <u>Stern</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chas"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who chases or engraves. See 5th <u>Chase</u>, and
<u>Enchase</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A tool with several
points, used for cutting or finishing screw threads, either
external or internal, on work revolving in a lathe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chas"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chasuble</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chas"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
ornamenting metal by means of chasing tools; also, a piece of
ornamental work produced in this way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>chasma</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to grape, to open wide. See <u>Chaos</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A deep opening made by disruption, as a
breach in the earth or a rock; a yawning abyss; a cleft; a
fissure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That deep, romantic <i>chasm</i> which slanted
down the green hill.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A void space; a gap or break, as in
ranks of men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Memory . . . fills up the <i>chasms</i> of
thought.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chasmed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having gaps or
a chasm.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Chas"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a chasm; abounding in chasms.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They cross the <i>chasmy</i> torrent's foam-lit
bed.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 243 !></p>

<p><hw>Chas`se"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>chass&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>chasser</i> to chase.] <def>A
movement in dancing, as across or to the right or left.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chas`se"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Dancing)</i>
<def>To make the movement called chass&eacute;; as, all
<i>chass&eacute;</i>; <i>chass&eacute;</i> to the right or
left.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chas"se*las</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from the
village of <i>Chasselas</i>.] <def>A white grape, esteemed for
the table.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chasse`pot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the
French inventor, A. A. <i>Chassepot</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
kind of breechloading, center-fire rifle, or improved needle
gun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chas`seur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a huntsman.
See <u>Chase</u> to pursue.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>One of a body of light troops, cavalry or infantry, trained
for rapid movements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An attendant upon persons of rank or
wealth, wearing a plume and sword.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>chasseur</i> who had announced her
arrival.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chas"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ch&acirc;ssis</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A traversing base
frame, or movable railway, along which the carriage of a barbette
or casemate gun moves backward and forward. [See <u>Gun
carriage</u>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Chast</hw> (ch&amacr;st), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>to
chasten.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chaste</hw> (ch&amacr;st), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chaste</i>, from L. <i>castus</i> pure, chaste; cf. Gr.
<grk>kaqaro`s</grk> pure, Skr. <i>&ccedil;udth</i> to
purify.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pure from unlawful sexual intercourse;
virtuous; continent.</def> "As <i>chaste</i> as Diana."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose bed is undefiled and <i>chaste</i>
pronounced.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pure in thought and act; innocent;
free from lewdness and obscenity, or indecency in act or speech;
modest; as, a <i>chaste</i> mind; <i>chaste</i> eyes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pure in design and expression;
correct; free from barbarisms or vulgarisms; refined; simple; as,
a <i>chaste</i> style in composition or art.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That great model of <i>chaste</i>, lofty, and
eloquence, the Book of Common Prayer.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Unmarried.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Undefiled; pure; virtuous; continent;
immaculate; spotless.</p>

<p><col><b>Chaste tree</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Agnus
castus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chaste"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a chaste
manner; with purity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chas"ten</hw> (ch&amacr;"s'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chastened</u> (-s'nd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Chastening</u>.] [OE.
<i>chastien</i>, OF. <i>Chastier</i>, F. <i>Ch&?;tier</i>, fr. L.
<i>castigare</i> to punish, chastise; <i>castus</i> pure +
<i>agere</i> to lead, drive. See <u>Chaste</u>, <u>Act</u>, and
cf. <u>Castigate</u>, <u>Chastise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To correct by punishment; to inflict pain upon the purpose
of reclaiming; to discipline; as, to <i>chasten</i> a son with a
rod.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For whom the Lord loveth he <i>chasteneth</i>.<BR>
<i>Heb. xii. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To purify from errors or faults; to
refine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [classics] <i>chasten</i> and enlarge the
mind, and excite to noble actions.<BR>
<i>Layard.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To chastise; punish; correct; discipline;
castigate; afflict; subdue; purify. To <u>Chasten</u>,
<u>Punish</u>, <u>Chastise</u>. To <i>chasten</i> is to subject
to affliction or trouble, in order to produce a general change
for the better in life or character. To <i>punish</i> is to
inflict penalty for violation of law, disobedience to authority,
or intentional wrongdoing. To <i>chastise</i> is to punish a
particular offense, as with stripes, especially with the hope
that suffering or disgrace may prevent a repetition of
faults.</p>

<p><hw>Chas"tened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Corrected;
disciplined; refined; purified; toned down.</def>  <i>Sir. W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of such a finished <i>chastened</i> purity.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chas"ten*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
chastens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaste"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Chastity; purity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Literature &amp; Art)</i> <def>Freedom from
all that is meretricious, gaudy, or affected; as,
<i>chasteness</i> of design.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chas*tis"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
or deserving of chastisement; punishable.</def>
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chas*tise"</hw> (ch&abreve;s*t&imacr;z"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chastised</u> (-
t&imacr;zd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Chastising</u>.] [OE. <i>chastisen</i>; <i>chastien</i> +
ending <i>-isen</i> + modern <i>-ise</i>, <i>-ize</i>, L. <i>-
izare</i>, Gr. <grk>-i`zein</grk>. See <u>Chasten</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inflict pain upon, by means of
stripes, or in any other manner, for the purpose of punishment or
reformation; to punish, as with stripes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How fine my master is! I am afraid<BR>
He will <i>chastise</i> me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I am glad to see the vanity or envy of the canting
chemists thus discovered and <i>chastised</i>.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to order or obedience; to
correct or purify; to free from faults or excesses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gay, social sense, by decency
<i>chastised</i>.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Chasten</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Chas"tise*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Chastise</u>.] <def>The act of chastising; pain inflicted for
punishment and correction; discipline; punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall I so much dishonor my fair stars,<BR>
On equal terms to give him <i>chastesement</i>!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I have borne <i>chastisement</i>; I will not
offend any more.<BR>
<i>Job xxxiv. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chas*tis"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
chastises; a punisher; a corrector.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>chastiser</i> of the rich.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chas"ti*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chastet&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>castitas</i>, fr.
<i>castus</i>. See <u>Chaste</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state of being chaste; purity of body; freedom from unlawful
sexual intercourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She . . . hath preserved her spotless
<i>chastity</i>.<BR>
<i>T. Carew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moral purity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So dear to heaven is saintly <i>chastity</i>,<BR>
That, when a soul is found sicerely so<BR>
A thousand liveried angels lackey her.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The unmarried life; celibacy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Literature &amp; Art)</i>
<def>Chasteness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chas"u*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chasuble</i>, LL. <i>casubula</i>, <i>cassibula</i>,
<i>casula</i>, a hooded garment, covering the person like a
little house; cf. It. <i>casupola</i>, <i>casipola</i>, cottage,
dim of L. <i>casa</i> cottage.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The outer
vestment worn by the priest in saying Mass, consisting, in the
Roman Catholic Church, of a broad, flat, back piece, and a
narrower front piece, the two connected over the shoulders only.
The back has usually a large cross, the front an upright bar or
pillar, designed to be emblematical of Christ's sufferings. In
the Greek Church the chasuble is a large round mantle.</def>
[Written also <i>chasible</i>, and <i>chesible</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Chat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chatted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Chatting</u>.] [From <u>Chatter</u>. &radic;22.] <def>To talk
in a light and familiar manner; to converse without form or
ceremony; to gossip.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>chat</i> a while on their adventures.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To talk; chatter; gossip; converse.</p>

<p><hw>Chat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To talk of.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Light, familiar talk; conversation; gossip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Snuff, or fan, supply each pause of
<i>chat</i>,<BR>
With singing, laughing, ogling, and all that.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird of the
genus <i>Icteria</i>, allied to the warblers, in America. The
best known species are the yellow-breasted chat (<i>I.
viridis</i>), and the long-tailed chat (<i>I. longicauda</i>). In
Europe the name is given to several birds of the family
<i>Saxicolid&aelig;</i>, as the <i>stonechat</i>, and
<i>whinchat</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bush chat</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Bush</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
twig, cone, or little branch. See <u>Chit</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Small
stones with ore.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chat potatoes</b></col>, <cd>small potatoes, such as
are given to swine.</cd> [Local.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cha`teau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chateux</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>ch&acirc;teau</i> a castle.
See <u>Castle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A castle or a
fortress in France.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A manor house or residence of the lord
of the manor; a gentleman's country seat; also, particularly, a
royal residence; as, the <i>chateau</i> of the Louvre; the
<i>chateau</i> of the Luxembourg.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The distinctive, French term for a fortified castle of
the middle ages is <i>ch&acirc;teau-fort</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>||Chateau en Espagne</b></col> (&?;) [F.], <cd>a
castle in Spain, that is, a castle in the air, Spain being the
region of romance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chat"e*laine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ch&acirc;telaine</i> the wife of a castellan, the mistress of
a chateau, a chatelaine chain.] <def>An ornamental hook, or
brooch worn by a lady at her waist, and having a short chain or
chains attached for a watch, keys, trinkets, etc. Also used
adjectively; as, a <i>chatelaine</i> chain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chat"e*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ch&acirc;telet</i>, dim. of <i>ch&acirc;teau</i>. <i>See</i>
<u>Castle</u>.] <def>A little castle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chat"el*la*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ch&acirc;tellenie</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Castellany</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cha`ti"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chat</i> cat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small South American
species of tiger cat (<i>Felis mitis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha*toy"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. pr. of
<i>chatoyer</i> to be chatoyant, fr. <i>chat</i> cat.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Having a changeable, varying luster, or color,
like that of a changeable silk, or oa a cat's eye in the
dark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha*toy"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A hard stone, as the <i>cat's-eye</i>, which presents on a
polished surface, and in the interior, an undulating or wary
light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha*toy"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chatoiement</i>. See <u>Chatoyant</u>.] <def>Changeableness of
color, as in a mineral; play of colors.</def>
<i>Cleaceland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chat"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chatel</i>; another form of <i>catel</i>. See <u>Cattle</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Any item of movable or immovable property
except the freehold, or the things which are parcel of it. It is
a more extensive term than <i>goods</i> or
<i>effects</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Chattels</i> are personal or real: <i>personal</i>
are such as are movable, as goods, plate, money; <i>real</i> are
such rights in land as are less than a freehold, as leases,
mortgages, growing corn, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Chattel mortgage</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
mortgage on personal property, as distinguished from one on real
property.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chat"tel*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or condition of holding chattels; the state of being a
chattel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chattered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chattering</u>.] [Of imitative origin. Cf.
<u>Chat</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <u>Chitter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter sounds which somewhat resemble
language, but are inarticulate and indistinct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The jaw makes answer, as the magpie
<i>chatters</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To talk idly, carelessly, or with
undue rapidity; to jabber; to prate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To tame a shrew, and charm her <i>chattering</i>
tongue.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a noise by rapid
collisions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>chattering</i> teeth, and bristling hair
upright.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter
rapidly, idly, or indistinctly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Begin his witless note apace to
<i>chatter</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sounds like those of a magpie or monkey; idle talk; rapid,
thoughtless talk; jabber; prattle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your words are but idle and empty
<i>chatter</i>.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Noise made by collision of the teeth,
as in shivering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chat*ter*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act or habit of chattering.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Chat"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prater; an idle talker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird of the
family <i>Ampelid&aelig;</i> -- so called from its monotonous
note.  The <i>Bohemion chatterer</i> (<i>Ampelis garrulus</i>)
inhabits the arctic regions of both continents. In America the
<i>cedar bird</i> is a more common species. See <i>Bohemian
chatterer</i>, and <i>Cedar bird</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chat"ter*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or habit of talking idly or rapidly, or of making inarticulate
sounds; the sounds so made; noise made by the collision of the
teeth; chatter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chat"ti*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being chatty, or of talking easily and
pleasantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chat"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to
light, familiar talk; talkative.</def>  <i>Lady M. W.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Chat"ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Tamil
<i>sh&amacr;ti</i>.] <def>A porous earthen pot used in India for
cooling water, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chat"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Chat</i> a
little stick + <i>wood</i>.] <def>Little sticks; twigs for
burning; fuel.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chaud"-med`ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chaude m&ecirc;l&eacute;e</i>; <i>chaud</i> hot +
<i>m&ecirc;ler</i> (Formerly sometimes spelt medler) to mingle.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The killing of a person in an affray, in the
heat of blood, and while under the influence of passion, thus
distinguished from <i>chance-medley</i> or killing in self-
defense, or in a casual affray.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chau"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chawdron</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chauf"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chauffoir</i> a kind of stone, fr. <i>chauffer</i> to heat.
See <u>Chafe</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A table stove or small
furnace, usually a cylindrical box of sheet iron, with a grate at
the bottom, and an open top.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaul"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chawdron</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chaun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gap.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Colgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chaun</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To open; to
yawn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O, <i>chaun</i> thy breast.<BR>
<i>Marston.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chaunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaunt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A street seller of ballads and other
broadsides.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A deceitful, tricky dealer or horse
jockey.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was a horse <i>chaunter</i>; he's a leg
now.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The flute of a bagpipe. See
<u>Chanter</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chaunt"er*ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chantry</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cha"us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>a lynxlike animal of Asia and Africa
(<i>Lynx Lybicus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chausses</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>The garment for the legs and feet and for the body below the
waist, worn in Europe throughout the Middle Ages; applied also to
the armor for the same parts, when fixible, as of chain
mail.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chaus`sure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
foot covering of any kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chau"vin*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chauvinisme</i>, from <i>Chauvin</i>, a character represented
as making grotesque and threatening displays of his attachment to
his fallen chief, Napoleon I., in 1815.] <def>Blind and absurd
devotion to a fallen leader or an obsolete cause; hence, absurdly
vainglorious or exaggerated patriotism.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Chau"vin*ist</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Chau`vin*is"tic</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p>&fist; To have a generous belief in the greatness of one's
country is not <i>chauvinism</i>. It is the character of the
latter quality to be wildly extravagant, to be fretful and
childish and silly, to resent a doubt as an insult, and to offend
by its very frankness.  <i>Prof. H. Tuttle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chav"en*der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Cheven</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chub.</def>
<i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chawed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Chawing</u>.] [See <u>Chew</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
grind with the teeth; to masticate, as food in eating; to chew,
as the cud; to champ, as the bit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The trampling steed, with gold and purple
trapped,<BR>
<i>Chawing</i> the foamy bit, there fiercely stood.<BR>
<i>Surrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ruminate in thought; to consider;
to keep the mind working upon; to brood over.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>A word formerly in good use, but now regarded as vulgar.</p>

<p><hw>Chaw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Chaw</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>As much as is
put in the mouth at once; a chew; a quid.</def> [Law]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Jaw</u>.] <def>The jaw.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chaw bacon</b></col>, <cd>a rustic; a bumpkin; a
lout.</cd> <i>(Law)</i> -- <col><b>Chaw tooth</b></col>, <cd>a
grinder. <i>(Law)</i></cd></p>

<p><hw>Chaw"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chaudun</i>, <i>caudun</i>, <i>caldun</i>; cf. G.
<i>kaldaunen</i> guts, bowels, LL. <i>calduna</i> intestine, W.
<i>coluddyn</i> gut, dim. of <i>coludd</i> bowels.]
<def>Entrails.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>chaudron</i>,
<i>chauldron</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chay" root`</hw> (?). [Tamil <i>sh&amacr;ya</i>.] <def>The
root of the <i>Oldenlandia umbellata</i>, native in India, which
yieds a durable red dyestuff.</def> [Written also <i>choy
root</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cha*zy" ep"och</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An epoch at
the close of the Canadian period of the American Lower Silurian
system; -- so named from a township in Clinton Co., New York. See
the Diagram under <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheap</hw> (ch&emacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ce&aacute;p</i> bargain, sale, price; akin to D. <i>koop</i>
purchase, G. <i>kauf</i>, Icel. <i>kaup</i> bargain. Cf.
<u>Cheapen</u>, <u>Chapman</u>, <u>Chaffer</u>, <u>Cope</u>, v.
i.] <def>A bargain; a purchase; cheapness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sack that thou hast drunk me would have bought
me lights as good <i>cheap</i> at the dearest chandler's in
Europe.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cheap</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr. "good
<i>cheap</i>": a good purchase or bargain; cf. F. <i>bon
march&eacute;</i>, <i>&agrave; bon march&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Cheap</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Cheapen</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a low price in market; of small
cost or price, as compared with the usual price or the real
value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where there are a great sellers to a few buyers,
there the thing to be sold will be <i>cheap</i>.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of comparatively small value; common;
mean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You grow <i>cheap</i> in every subject's eye.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Dog cheap</b></col>, <cd>very cheap, -- a phrase
formed probably by the catachrestical transposition of
<i>good</i> cheap. [Colloq.]</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cheap</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Cheaply.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cheap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To buy; to
bargain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 244 !></p>

<p><hw>Cheap"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cheapened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cheapening</u>.] [OE. <i>cheapien</i>,
<i>chepen</i>, to trade, buy, sell, AS. <i>ce&aacute;pian</i>;
akin to D. <i>koopen</i> to buy, G. <i>kaufen</i>, Icel.
<i>kaupa</i>, Goth. <i>kaup&omacr;n</i> to trade. Cf. <u>Chap</u>
to bargain.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ask the price of; to bid,
bargain, or chaffer for.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pretend to <i>cheapen</i> goods, but nothing
buy.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Cheap</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>To beat down the price of; to lessen the value of; to
depreciate.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My proffered love has <i>cheapened</i> me.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cheap"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
cheapens.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cheap"-jack`</hw> (?), <hw>Cheap"-john`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seller of low-priced or second goods;
a hawker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheap"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At a small
price; at a low value; in a common or inferior manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheap"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lowness in
price, considering the usual price, or real value.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chear</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Cheer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [rob. an abbrevation
of <i>escheat</i>, lands or tenements that fall to a lord or to
the state by forfeiture, or by the death of the tenant without
heirs; the meaning being explained by the frauds, real or
supposed, that were resorted to in procuring escheats. See
<u>Escheat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An act of deception or
fraud; that which is the means of fraud or deception; a fraud; a
trick; imposition; imposture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When I consider life, 'tis all a <i>cheat</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who cheats or deceives; an
impostor; a deceiver; a cheater.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Airy wonders, which <i>cheats</i> interpret.<BR>
<i>Johnson</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A troublesome grass,
growing as a weed in grain fields; -- called also <i>chess</i>.
See <u>Chess</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The obtaining of property
from another by an intentional active distortion of the
truth.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When <i>cheats</i> are effected by deceitful or illegal
symbols or tokens which may affect the public at large and
against which common prudence could not have guarded, they are
indictable at common law.  <i>Wharton.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deception; imposture; fraud; delusion;
artifice; trick; swindle; deceit; guile; finesse; stratagem.</p>

<p><hw>Cheat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cheated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cheating</u>.] [See <u>Cheat</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Escheat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deceive and defraud;
to impose upon; to trick; to swindle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am subject to a tyrant, a sorcerer, that by his
cunning hath <i>cheated</i> me of this island.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beguile.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>cheat</i> winter of its dreariness.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To trick; cozen; gull; chouse; fool; outwit;
circumvent; beguile; mislead; dupe; swindle; defraud; overreach;
delude; hoodwink; deceive; bamboozle.</p>

<p><hw>Cheat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice fraud
or trickery; as, to <i>cheat</i> at cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. from OF.
<i>chet&eacute;</i> goods, chattels.] <def>Wheat, or bread made
from wheat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their purest <i>cheat</i>,<BR>
Thrice bolted, kneaded, and subdued in paste.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cheat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being cheated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheat"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being cheated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who cheats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An escheator.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Che*bac"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Chebacco</i>, the former name of Essex, a town in
Massachusetts where such vessels were built.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A narrow-sterned boat formerly much used in the Newfoundland
fisheries; -- called also <i>pinkstern</i> and
<i>chebec</i>.</def>  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Che"bec</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <u>Chebacco</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Che*bec"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from its
note.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small American bird
(<i>Empidonax minimus</i>); the least flycatcher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Check</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>chek</i>, OF.
<i>eschec</i>, F. <i>&eacute;chec</i>, a stop, hindrance, orig.
check in the game of chess, pl. <i>&eacute;checs</i> chess,
through AR., fr. Pers. <i>sh&amacr;h</i> king. See <u>Shah</u>,
and cf. <u>Checkmate</u>, <u>Chess</u>, <u>Checker</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chess)</i> <def>A word of warning denoting
that the king is in danger; such a menace of a player's king by
an adversary's move as would, if it were any other piece, expose
it to immediate capture. A king so menaced is said to be <i>in
check</i>, and must be made safe at the next move.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A condition of interrupted or impeded
progress; arrest; stop; delay; as, to hold an enemy in
<i>check</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which gave a remarkable <i>check</i> to the first
progress of Christianity.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>check</i>, no stay, this streamlet
fears.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Whatever arrests progress, or limits
action; an obstacle, guard, restraint, or rebuff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Useful <i>check</i> upon the administration of
government.<BR>
<i>Washington.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A man whom no <i>check</i> could abash.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mark, certificate, or token, by
which, errors may be prevented, or a thing or person may be
identified; as, <i>checks</i> placed against items in an account;
a <i>check</i> given for baggage; a return <i>check</i> on a
railroad.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A written order directing a bank or
banker to pay money as therein stated. See <i>Bank check</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A woven or painted design in squares
resembling the patten of a checkerboard; one of the squares of
such a design; also, cloth having such a figure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>The forsaking by a
hawk of its proper game to follow other birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Small chick or crack.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bank check</b></col>, <cd>a written order on a banker
or broker to pay money in his keeping belonging to the
signer.</cd> -- <col><b>Check book</b></col>, <cd>a book
containing blank forms for checks upon a bank.</cd> --
<col><b>Check hook</b></col>, <cd>a hook on the saddle of a
harness, over which a checkrein is looped.</cd> -- <col><b>Check
list</b></col>, <cd>a list or catalogue by which things may be
verified, or on which they may be checked.</cd> -- <col><b>Check
nut</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a secondary nut, screwing down
upon the primary nut to secure it.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Check valve</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a valve in the
feed pipe of a boiler to prevent the return of the feed
water.</cd> -- <col><b>To take check</b></col>, <cd>to take
offense.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hindrance; setback; interruption; obstruction;
reprimand; censure; rebuke; reproof; repulse; rebuff; tally;
counterfoil; counterbalance; ticket; draft.</p>

<p><hw>Check</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Checked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>checking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chess)</i>
<def>To make a move which puts an adversary's piece, esp. his
king, in check; to put in check.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put a sudden restraint upon; to
stop temporarily; to hinder; to repress; to curb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So many clogs to <i>check</i> and retard the
headlong course of violence and oppression.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To verify, to guard, to make secure,
by means of a mark, token, or other check; to distinguish by a
check; to put a mark against (an item) after comparing with an
original or a counterpart in order to secure accuracy; as, to
<i>check</i> an account; to <i>check</i> baggage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To chide, rebuke, or
reprove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The good king, his master, will <i>check</i> him
for it.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To slack or ease off,
as a brace which is too stiffly extended.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To make checks or chinks in; to cause
to crack; as, the sun <i>checks</i> timber.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To restrain; curb; bridle; repress; control;
hinder; impede; obstruct; interrupt; tally; rebuke; reprove;
rebuff.</p>

<p><hw>Check</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
stop; to pause; -- with <i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind, once jaded by an attempt above its
power, either is disabled for the future, or else <i>checks</i>
at any vigorous undertaking ever after.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clash or interfere.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To act as a curb or
restraint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [his presence] <i>checks</i> too strong upon
me.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To crack or gape open, as wood in
drying; or to crack in small checks, as varnish, paint,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>To turn, when in
pursuit of proper game, and fly after other birds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And like the haggard, <i>check</i> at every
feather<BR>
That comes before his eye.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Check</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Checkered; designed
in checks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Check"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of checking; as, the
<i>checkage</i> of a name or of an item in a list.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The items, or the amount, to which
attention is called by a check or checks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Check"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Check</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>One who checks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Check"er</hw> (ch&ebreve;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Checkered</u> (-
&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Checkering</u>.] [From OF. <i>eschequier</i> a chessboard, F.
<i>&eacute;chiquier</i>. See <u>Check</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
and cf. 3d <u>Checker</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark with
small squares like a checkerboard, as by crossing stripes of
different colors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To variegate or diversify with
different qualities, colors, scenes, or events; esp., to subject
to frequent alternations of prosperity and adversity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our minds are, as it were, <i>checkered</i> with
truth and falsehood.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Check"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>eschequier</i>. See <u>Checker</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece in the game of draughts or
checkers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pattern in checks; a single
check.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Checkerwork.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is also written <i>chequer</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Check"er*ber`ry</hw> (-b&ebreve;r`r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Checkerberries</b></plw>
(#). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A spicy plant and its bright red berry;
the wintergreen (<i>Gaultheria procumbens</i>). Also incorrectly
applied to the partridge berry (<i>Mitchella
repens</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Check"er*board</hw> (-b&omacr;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A board with sixty-four squares of alternate color, used for
playing checkers or draughts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Check"ered</hw> (-&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Marked with alternate squares or checks
of different color or material.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dancing in the <i>checkered</i> shade.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Diversified or variegated in a marked
manner, as in appearance, character, circumstances,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>checkered</i> narrative.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Check"ers</hw> (ch&ebreve;k"&etilde;rz), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [See <u>Checher</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A
game, called also <i>daughts</i>, played on a checkerboard by two
persons, each having twelve men (counters or checkers) which are
moved diagonally.  The game is ended when either of the players
has lost all his men, or can not move them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Check"er*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Work consisting of or showing checkers
varied alternately as to colors or materials.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any aggregate of varied
vicissitudes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How strange a <i>checkerwork</i> of Providence is
the life of man.<BR>
<i>De Foe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Check"la*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ciclatoun.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gilded leather.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Check"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That can not be
checked or restrained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Check"mate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. &eacute;chec et
mat, fr. Per. <i>sh&amacr;h m&amacr;t</i> ceckmate, lit., the
king is dead, fr. Ar. m&amacr;ta he died, is dead. The king, when
made prisoner, or checkmated, is assumed to be dead, and the game
is finished. See <u>Chess</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
position in the game of chess when a king is in check and cannot
be released, -- which ends the game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A complete check; utter defeat or
overthrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Check"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Checkmated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Checkmating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chess)</i> <def>To check (an adversary's king) in such a
manner that escape in impossible; to defeat (an adversary) by
putting his king in check from which there is no
escape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To defeat completely; to terminate; to
thwart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>checkmate</i> and control my just
demands.<BR>
<i>Ford.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Check"rein`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short rein looped over the check hook
to prevent a horse from lowering his head; -- called also a
<i>bearing rein</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A branch rein connecting the driving
rein of one horse of a span or pair with the bit of the other
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Check"roll`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A list of
servants in a household; -- called also <i>chequer
roll</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Check"string`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cord
by which a person in a carriage or horse car may signal to the
driver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Check"work</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything
made so as to form alternate squares like those of a
checkerboard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Check"y</hw> (ch&ebreve;k"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Divided into small alternating squares of two
tinctures; -- said of the field or of an armorial bearing.</def>
[Written also <i>checquy</i>, <i>chequy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ched"dar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to, or made at, <i>Cheddar</i>, in England; as,
<i>Cheddar</i> cheese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheek</hw> (ch&emacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cheke</i>, <i>cheoke</i>, AS. <i>ce&agrave;ce</i>,
<i>ce&ograve;ce</i>; cf. Goth. <i>kukjan</i> to kiss, D.
<i>kaak</i> cheek; perh. akin to E. <i>chew</i>, <i>jaw</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The side of the face below the
eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cheek bone.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Caucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Those pieces
of a machine, or of any timber, or stone work, which form
corresponding sides, or which are similar and in pair; as, the
<i>cheeks</i> (jaws) of a vise; the <i>cheeks</i> of a gun
carriage, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The branches of a bridle
bit.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A section of a
flask, so made that it can be moved laterally, to permit the
removal of the pattern from the mold; the middle part of a
flask.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Cool confidence; assurance;
impudence.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Cheek of beef</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Beef</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cheek bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<cd>the bone of the side of the face; esp., the malar bone.</cd>
-- <col><b>Cheek by jowl</b></col>, <cd>side by side; very
intimate.</cd> -- <col><b>Cheek pouch</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a sacklike dilation of the cheeks of
certain monkeys and rodents, used for holding food.</cd> --
<col><b>Cheeks of a block</b></col>, <cd>the two sides of the
shell of a tackle block.</cd> -- <col><b>Cheeks of a
mast</b></col>, <cd>the projection on each side of a mast, upon
which the trestletrees rest.</cd> -- <col><b>Cheek
tooth</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a hinder or molar tooth.</cd>
-- <col><b>Butment cheek</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Butment</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cheek</hw> (ch&emacr;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
be impudent or saucy to.</def> [Slang.]</p>

<p><hw>Cheeked</hw> (ch&emacr;kt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a cheek; -- used in composition.</def> "Rose-
<i>cheeked</i> Adonis."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cheek"y</hw>, <def>a Brazen-faced; impudent; bold.</def>
[Slang.]</p>

<p><hw>Cheep</hw> (ch&emacr;p), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cheeped</u> (ch&emacr;pt).]
[Cf. <u>Chirp</u>]. <def>To chirp, as a young bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheep</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give
expression to in a chirping tone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cheep</i> and twitter twenty million loves.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cheep</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chirp, peep, or
squeak, as of a young bird or mouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheer</hw> (ch&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>chere</i> face, welcome, cheer, OF. <i>chiere</i>, F.
<i>ch&egrave;re</i>, fr. LL. <i>cara</i> face, Gr.
<grk>ka`ra</grk> head; akin to Skr. <i>&ccedil;iras</i>, L.
<i>cerebrum</i> brain, G. <i>hirn</i>, and E. <i>cranium</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The face; the countenance or its
expression.</def> [Obs.] "Sweat of thy <i>cheer</i>."
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Feeling; spirit; state of mind or
heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be of good <i>cheer</i>.<BR>
<i>Matt. ix. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The parents . . . fled away with heavy
<i>cheer</i>.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gayety; mirth; cheerfulness;
animation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not that alacrity of spirit,<BR>
Nor <i>cheer</i> of mind, that I was wont to have.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which promotes good spirits or
cheerfulness; provisions prepared for a feast; entertainment; as,
a table loaded with good <i>cheer</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A shout, hurrah, or acclamation,
expressing joy enthusiasm, applause, favor, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Welcome her, thundering <i>cheer</i> of the
street.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Whzt cheer</b></col><cd>? Now do you fare? What is
there that is cheering?</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cheer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cheered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>cheering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause
to rejoice; to gladden; to make cheerful; -- often with
<i>up</i>.</def>  <i>Cowpe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To infuse life, courage, animation, or
hope, into; to inspirit; to solace or comfort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The proud he tamed, the penitent he
<i>cheered</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To salute or applaud with cheers; to
urge on by cheers; as, to <i>cheer</i> hounds in a
chase.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To cheer ship</b></col>, <cd>to salute a passing ship
by cheers of sailors stationed in the rigging.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To gladden; encourage; inspirit; comfort;
console; enliven; refresh; exhilarate; animate; applaud.</p>

<p><hw>Cheer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To grow cheerful; to become gladsome or joyous; -- usually
with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At sight of thee my gloomy soul <i>cheers</i>
up.<BR>
<i>A. Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in any state or temper of
mind.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>cheer'st</i> thou, Jessica?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter a shout or shouts of
applause, triumph, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And even the ranks of Tusculum<BR>
Could scare forbear to <i>cheer</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cheer"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
cheers; one who, or that which, gladdens.</def>  "Thou
<i>cheerer</i> of our days." <i>Wotton.</i> "Prime
<i>cheerer</i>, light." <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cheer"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or
showing good spirits or joy; cheering; cheery; contented; happy;
joyful; lively; animated; willing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To entertain a <i>cheerful</i> disposition.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cheerful</i> birds of sundry kind<BR>
Do chant sweet music.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>cheerful</i> confidence in the mercy of
God.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This general applause and <i>cheerful</i>
shout.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lively; animated; gay; joyful; lightsome;
gleeful; blithe; airy; sprightly; jocund; jolly; joyous;
vivacious; buoyant; sunny; happy; hopeful.</p>

<p><hw>Cheer"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
cheerful manner, gladly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheer"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Good
spirits; a state of moderate joy or gayety; alacrity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheer"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
cheery manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheer"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being cheery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheer"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner to cheer or encourage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheer"is*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cheerfulness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is no Christian duty that is not to be
seasoned and set off with <i>cheerishness</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cheer"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without joy,
gladness, or comfort.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cheer"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cheer"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>My cheerful day is turned to <i>cheerless</i>
night.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gloomy; sad; comfortless; dispiriting;
dicsconsolate; dejected; melancholy; forlorn.</p>

<p><hw>Cheer"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gay;
cheerful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cheer"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Cheerily.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cheer"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cheerful;
lively; gay; bright; pleasant; as, a <i>cheery</i>
person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>cheery</i> little study, where the sunshine
glimmered so pleasantly.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 245 !></p>

<p><hw>Cheese</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>chese</i>,
AS. <i>c&emacr;se</i>, fr. L. <i>caseus</i>, LL. <i>casius</i>.
Cf. <u>Casein</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The curd of milk,
coagulated usually with rennet, separated from the whey, and
pressed into a solid mass in a hoop or mold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mass of pomace, or ground apples,
pressed together in the form of a cheese.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The flat, circular, mucilaginous fruit
of the dwarf mallow (<i>Malva rotundifolia</i>).</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A low courtesy; -- so called on
account of the cheese form assumed by a woman's dress when she
stoops after extending the skirts by a rapid gyration.</def>
<i>De Quincey.</i> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cheese cake</b></col>, <cd>a cake made of or filled
with, a composition of soft curds, sugar, and butter.</cd>
<i>Prior</i>. -- <col><b>Cheese fly</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a black dipterous insect (<i>Piophila
casei</i>) of which the larv&aelig; or maggots, called
<i>skippers</i> or <i>hoppers</i>, live in cheese.</cd> --
<col><b>Cheese mite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a minute
mite (<i>Tryoglyhus siro</i>) in cheese and other articles of
food.</cd> -- <col><b>Cheese press</b></col>, <cd>a press used in
making cheese, to separate the whey from the curd, and to press
the curd into a mold.</cd> -- <col><b>Cheese rennet</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the Madder family (<i>Golium
verum</i>, or <i>yellow bedstraw</i>), sometimes used to
coagulate milk. The roots are used as a substitute for
madder.</cd> -- <col><b>Cheese vat</b></col>, <cd>a vat or tub in
which the curd is formed and cut or broken, in cheese
making.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cheese"lep</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Keslop</u>.] <def>A bag in which rennet is kept.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheese"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
deals in cheese.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cheese"par`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thin
portion of the rind of a cheese.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scrimping; mean; as, <i>cheeseparing</i> economy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chees"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being cheesy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chees"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
nature, qualities, taste, form, consistency, or appearance of
cheese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chee"tah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>ch&imacr;t&amacr;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of
leopard (<i>Cyn&aelig;lurus jubatus</i>) tamed and used for
hunting in India. The woolly cheetah of South Africa is <i>C.
laneus</i>.</def> [Written also <i>chetah</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Chef</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chief of head person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The head cook of large establishment,
as a club, a family, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Chief</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chef`-d'&oelig;uvre"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Chefs-d'&oelig;uvre</b></plw> (#). [F.] <def>A
masterpiece; a capital work in art, literature, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cheg"oe</hw> (?), <hw>Cheg"re</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Chigoe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chei"lo*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
lip + <i>-plasty</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The process of forming
an artificial tip or part of a lip, by using for the purpose a
piece of healthy tissue taken from some neighboring
part.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chei*lop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Chilopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chei*rop"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Cheiroptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chei*rop"te*ra</hw> (k>isl/*r&obreve;p"t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>chei`r</grk> hand +
<grk>ptero`n</grk> wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
mammalia, including the bats, having four toes of each of the
anterior limbs elongated and connected by a web, so that they can
be used like wings in flying. See <u>Bat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chei*rop"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Cheiroptera, or Bat
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chei*rop`te*ryg"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cheiropterygia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; hand + &?;; &?; wing, fin.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The typical
pentadactyloid limb of the higher vertebrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chei*ros"o*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
hand + &?; knowledge.] <def>The art of reading character as it is
delineated in the hand.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Chei*ros"o*phist</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Chei`ro*the"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; hand + &?; beast.] <i>(Poleon.)</i> <def>A genus of
extinct animals, so named from fossil footprints rudely
resembling impressions of the human hand, and believed to have
been made by labyrinthodont reptiles. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chek`e*la*toun"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ciclatoun</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Chek"mak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A turkish
fabric of silk and cotton, with gold thread interwoven.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Che"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chel&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>chhlh`</grk> claw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pincherlike
claw of Crustacea and Arachnida.</def></p>

<p><hw>Che"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Cheliferous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chel`e*ryth"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
celandine + <grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
alkaloidal principle obtained from the celandine, and named from
the red color of its salts. It is a colorless crystalline
substance, and acts as an acrid narcotic poison. It is identical
with <i>sanguinarine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Che*lic"e*ra</hw> (k&esl;*l&ibreve;s"&esl;*r&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chelicer&aelig;</b></plw> (-r&emacr;). [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>chhlh`</grk> claw + <grk>ke`ras</grk> horn.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the anterior pair of mouth
organs, terminated by a pincherlike claw, in scorpions and allied
Arachnida. They are homologous with the falcers of spiders, and
probably with the mandibles of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chel"i*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>chelidw`n</grk>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The hollow at the
flexure of the arm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chel`i*don"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Celandine</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
derived from, the celandine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chelidonic acid</b></col>, <cd>a weak acid extracted
from the celandine (<i>Chelidonium majus</i>), as a white
crystalline substance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Chel`i*do"ni*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. (sc.
<i>lapillus</i>.)] <def>A small stone taken from the gizzard of a
young swallow. -- anciently worn as a medicinal charm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chel"i*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chhlh`</grk> claw + <i>-fer</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <i>Book scorpion</i>, under <u>Book</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Che*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chhlh`</grk> claw + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having cheliform claws, like a crab.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chel"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chhlh`</grk> claw + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having a movable joint or finger closing against a preceding
joint or a projecting part of it, so that the whole may be used
for grasping, as the claw of a crab; pincherlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Che*lo"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chelw`nh</grk> a tortoise. So named from shape of the upper
lip of the corolla.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of hardy
perennial flowering plants, of the order
<i>Scrophulariace&aelig;</i>, natives of North America; -- called
also <i>snakehead</i>, <i>turtlehead</i>, <i>shellflower</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Che*lo"ni*a</hw> (k&esl;*l&omacr;"n&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>chelw`nh</grk> a
tortoise.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of reptiles,
including the tortoises and turtles, peculiar in having a part of
the vertebr&aelig;, ribs, and sternum united with the dermal
plates so as to form a firm shell. The jaws are covered by a
horny beak. See <u>Reptilia</u>; also, <i>Illust.</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Che*lo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to animals of the
tortoise kind.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Chelonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Che*lu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>chhlh`</grk> claw + &?; tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of marine amphipod crustacea, which bore into and sometimes
destroy timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Che"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A claw. See
<u>Chela</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chem"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chenistry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chemist; an
alchemist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bleaching)</i> <def>A solution of
chloride of lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chem"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Chemical.</def>
<i>Blackw. Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to chemistry; characterized or produced by the forces and
operations of chemistry; employed in the processes of chemistry;
as, <i>chemical</i> changes; <i>chemical</i>
combinations.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chemical</b></col> <col><b>attraction or
affinity</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Attraction</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chem"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A substance
used for producing a chemical effect; a reagent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chem"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According
to chemical principles; by chemical process or
operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chem`i*glyph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Chemical</i> + &?; to engrave.] <def>Engraved by a voltaic
battery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chem`i*loon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A garment
for women, consisting of chemise and drawers united in one.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Che*mise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., shirt, fr.
LL. <i>camisa</i>, <i>camisia</i>, shirt, thin dress; cf. G.
<i>hemd</i>, or OIr. <i>caimmse</i> sort of garment. Cf.
<u>Camis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shift, or undergarment,
worn by women.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wall that lines the face of a bank
or earthwork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chem`i*sette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F., dim. of
<i>chemise</i>.] <def>An under-garment, worn by women, usually
covering the neck, shoulders, and breast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chem"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chimisme</i>. See <u>Chemistry</u>.] <def>The force exerted
between the atoms of elementary substance whereby they unite to
form chemical compounds; chemical attaction; affinity; --
sometimes used as a general expression for chemical activity or
relationship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chem"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Shortened from
<i>alchemist</i>; cf. F. <i>chimiste</i>.] <def>A person versed
in chemistry or given to chemical investigation; an analyst; a
maker or seller of chemicals or drugs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chem"is*try</hw> (k&ebreve;m"&ibreve;s*tr&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Chemist</u>. See <u>Alchemy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That branch of science which treats of
the composition of substances, and of the changes which they
undergo in consequence of alterations in the constitution of the
molecules, which depend upon variations of the number, kind, or
mode of arrangement, of the constituent atoms. These atoms are
not assumed to be indivisible, but merely the finest grade of
subdivision hitherto attained. Chemistry deals with the changes
in the composition and constitution of molecules. See
<u>Atom</u>, <u>Molecule</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Historically, chemistry is an outgrowth of alchemy (or
alchemistry), with which it was anciently identified.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An application of chemical theory and
method to the consideration of some particular subject; as, the
<i>chemistry</i> of iron; the <i>chemistry</i> of
indigo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on chemistry.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word and its derivatives were formerly written
with <i>y</i>, and sometimes with i, instead of <i>e</i>, in the
first syllable, <i>chymistry</i>, <i>chymist</i>,
<i>chymical</i>, etc., or <i>chimistry</i>, <i>chimist</i>,
<i>chimical</i>, etc.; and the pronunciation was conformed to the
orthography.</p>

<p><col><b>Inorganic chemistry</b></col>, <cd>that which treats
of inorganic or mineral substances.</cd> -- <col><b>Organic
chemistry</b></col>, <cd>that which treats of the substances
which form the structure of organized beings and their products,
whether animal or vegetable; -- called also <i>chemistry of the
carbon compounds</i>.  There is no fundamental difference between
organic and inorganic chemistry.</cd> -- <col><b>Physiological
chemistry</b></col>, <cd>the chemistry of the organs and tissues
of the body, and of the various physiological processes incident
to life.</cd> -- <col><b>Practical chemistry</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Applied chemistry</b></col>, <cd>that which treats of the
modes of manufacturing the products of chemistry that are useful
in the arts, of their applications to economical purposes, and of
the conditions essential to their best use.</cd> -- <col><b>Pure
chemistry</b></col>, <cd>the consideration of the facts and
theories of chemistry in their purely scientific relations,
without necessary reference to their practical applications or
mere utility.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chem"i*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Chemi</i>cal + <i>-type</i>.] <i>(Engraving)</i> <def>One of
a number of processes by which an impression from an engraved
plate is obtained in relief, to be used for printing on an
ordinary printing press.</def></p>

<p><hw>Che*mol"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Chemi</i>cal + Gr. &?; a loosing.] <def>A term sometimes
applied to the decomposition of organic substance into more
simple bodies, by the use of chemical agents alone.</def>
<i>Thudichum.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chem`os*mo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Chemi</i>cal + <i>osmosis</i>.] <def>Chemical action taking
place through an intervening membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chem`os*mot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or produced by, chemosmosis.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Che*mung" pe"ri*od</hw> (?), <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
subdivision in the upper part of the Devonian system in America,
so named from the Chemung River, along which the rocks are well
developed. It includes the Portage and Chemung groups or epochs.
See the Diagram under <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cheng</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chinese.] <def>A
chinese reed instrument, with tubes, blown by the
mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Che*nille"</hw> (sh&esl;*n&emacr;l"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., prop., a caterpillar.] <def>Tufted cord, of silk or worsted,
for the trimming of ladies' dresses, for embroidery and fringes,
and for the weft of Chenille rugs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Che`no*mor"ph&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., from Gr. &?; the wild goose + &?; form.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of birds, including the swans,
ducks, geese, flamingoes and screamers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chep"ster</hw> (ch&ebreve;p"st&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
starling.</def> [Local, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Cheque</hw> (ch&ebreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Check</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheq"uer</hw> (ch&ebreve;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n. &
v.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Checker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Che*quin"</hw> (ch&esl;*k&emacr;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A coin. See <u>Sequin</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cheq"uy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Checky</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cher"if</hw> (sh&ebreve;r"&ibreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Sherif</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cher`i*moy"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ch&eacute;rimolier</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small downy-leaved tree (<i>Anona Cherimolia</i>), with
fragrant flowers. It is a native of Peru.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Its delicious fruit, which is
succulent, dark purple, and similar to the custard apple of the
West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cher"ish</hw> (ch&ebreve;r"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cherished</u> (-
&ibreve;sht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cherising</u>.] [F. <i>ch&eacute;rir</i>, fr. <i>cher</i>
dear, fr. L. <i>carus</i>. See <u>Caress</u>, <u>Finish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To treat with tenderness and affection;
to nurture with care; to protect and aid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We were gentle among you, even as a nurse
<i>cherisheth</i> her children.<BR>
<i>1 Thess. ii. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold dear; to embrace with
interest; to indulge; to encourage; to foster; to promote; as, to
<i>cherish</i> religious principle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>cherish</i> virtue and humanity.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To nourish; foster; nurse; nurture; entertain;
encourage; comfort; protect; support; See <u>Nurture</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cher"ish*er</hw> (ch&ebreve;r"&ibreve;sh*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who cherishes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cherisher</i> of my flesh and blood.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cher"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Encouragement; comfort.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rich bounty and dear <i>cherishment</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cher"mes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Kermes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cher"o*gril</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>choerogryllus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; a young swine + &?; a pig.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Cony</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cher`o*kees"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
<i>sing.</i> <singw><b>Cherokee</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>An Appalachian tribe of Indians, formerly inhabiting the
region about the head waters of the Tennessee River. They are now
mostly settled in the Indian Territory, and have become one of
the most civilized of the Indian Tribes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Che*root"</hw> (ch&esl;*r&oomac;t"; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Tamil <i>shuru&tsdot;&tsdot;u</i>, prop., a
roll.] <def>A kind of cigar, originally brought from Manila, in
the Philippine Islands; now often made of inferior or adulterated
tobacco.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cher"ry</hw> (ch&ebreve;r"r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>chery</i>, for <i>cherys</i>, fr. F. <i>cerise</i> (cf.
AS. <i>cyrs</i> cherry), fr. LL. <i>ceresia</i>, fr. L.
<i>cerasus</i> Cherry tree, Gr. <grk>keraso`s</grk>, perh. fr.
<grk>ke`ras</grk> horn, from the hardness of the wood.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree or shrub of the
genus <i>Prunus</i> (Which also includes the plum) bearing a
fleshy drupe with a bony stone;</def> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The common garden cherry (<i>Prunus Cerasus</i>), of which
several hundred varieties are cultivated for the fruit, some of
which are, the begarreau, blackheart, black Tartarian, oxheart,
morelle or morello, May-duke (corrupted from M&eacute;doc in
France).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The wild cherry; as,
<i>Prunus serotina</i> (wild black cherry), valued for its
timber; <i>P. Virginiana</i> (choke cherry), an American shrub
which bears astringent fruit; <i>P. avium</i> and <i>P.
Padus</i>, European trees (bird cherry).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fruit of the cherry tree, a drupe
of various colors and flavors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The timber of the cherry tree, esp. of
the black cherry, used in cabinetmaking, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A peculiar shade of red, like that of
a cherry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barbadoes cherry</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Barbadoes</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cherry bird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American bird; the cedar bird; -- so
called from its fondness for cherries.</cd> -- <col><b>Cherry
bounce</b></col>, <cd>cherry brandy and sugar.</cd> --
<col><b>Cherry brandy</b></col>, <cd>brandy in which cherries
have been steeped.</cd> -- <col><b>Cherry laurel</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an evergreen shrub (<i>Prunus Lauro-
cerasus</i>) common in shrubberies, the poisonous leaves of which
have a flavor like that of bitter almonds.</cd> -- <col><b>Cherry
pepper</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of <i>Capsicum</i>
(<i>C. cerasiforme</i>), with small, scarlet, intensely piquant
cherry-shaped fruit.</cd> -- <col><b>Cherry pit</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A child's play, in which cherries are
thrown into a hole.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
cherry stone.</cd> -- <col><b>Cherry rum</b></col>, <cd>rum in
which cherries have been steeped.</cd> -- <col><b>Cherry
sucker</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European spotted
flycatcher (<i>Musicapa grisola</i>); -- called also <i>cherry
chopper</i> <i>cherry snipe</i></cd>. -- <col><b>Cherry
tree</b></col>, <cd>a tree that bears cherries.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground cherry</b></col>, <col><b>Winter cherry</b></col>,
<cd>See <u>Alkekengi</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 246 !></p>

<p><hw>Cher"ry</hw> (ch&ebreve;r"r&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like a red cherry in color; ruddy; blooming; as, a
<i>cherry</i> lip; <i>cherry</i> cheeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cher"so*nese</hw> (k&etilde;r"s&osl;*n&emacr;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>cherso`nhsos</grk>;
<grk>che`rsos</grk> land + <grk>nh`sos</grk> island.] <def>A
peninsula; a tract of land nearly surrounded by water, but united
to a larger tract by a neck of land or isthmus; as, the
<i>Cimbric Chersonese</i>, or Jutland; the <i>Tauric
Chersonese</i>, or Crimea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chert</hw> (ch&etilde;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir.
<i>ceart</i> stone, perh. akin to E. <i>crag</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>An impure, massive, flintlike quartz or hornstone, of a dull
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chert"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like chert;
containing chert; flinty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cher"ub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cherubs</b></plw> (#); but the Hebrew plural
<plw><b>Cherubim</b></plw> (#) is also used. [Heb.
<i>ker&umacr;b</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mysterious
composite being, the winged footstool and chariot of the
Almighty, described in <i>Ezekiel i. and x.</i></def></p>

<p><blockquote>I knew that they were the <i>cherubim</i>.<BR>
<i>Ezek. x. 20.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He rode upon a <i>cherub</i> and did fly.<BR>
<i>Ps. xviii. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbolical winged figure of unknown
form used in connection with the mercy seat of the Jewish Ark and
Temple.</def>  <i>Ez. xxv. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of a order of angels, variously
represented in art. In European painting the cherubim have been
shown as blue, to denote knowledge, as distinguished from the
seraphim (see <u>Seraph</u>), and in later art the children's
heads with wings are generally called <i>cherubs</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A beautiful child; -- so called
because artists have represented cherubs as beautiful
children.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Che*ru"bic</hw> (?), <hw>Che*ru"bic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to cherubs;
angelic.</def> "The <i>cherubic</i> host."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cher"u*bim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Hebrew
plural of <u>Cherub</u>.. Cf. <u>Seraphim</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Cherubims</i>, in the King James version of the
bible, is an incorrect form, made by adding the English plural
termination to the Hebrew plural <i>cherubim</i> instead of to
the singular <i>cherub</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Cher"u*bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cherubic;
angelic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cher"u*bin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cherub.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cher"up</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Prob. fr.
<i>chirp</i>.] <def>To make a short, shrill, cheerful sound; to
chirp. See <u>Chirrup</u>.</def> "Cheruping birds."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cher"up</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To excite or
urge on by making a short, shrill, cheerful sound; to cherup to.
See <u>Chirrup</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>cherups</i> brisk ear-erecting steed.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cher"up</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short, sharp,
cheerful noise; a chirp; a chirrup; as, the <i>cherup</i> of a
cricket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cher"vil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cerfille</i>, fr. L. <i>caerefolium</i>, <i>chaerephyllum</i>,
Gr. &?;; &?; to rejoice + &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant
(<i>Anthriscus cerefolium</i>) with pinnately divided aromatic
leaves, of which several curled varieties are used in soups and
salads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ches</hw> (?), <def>pret. of <u>Chese</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chese</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
choose</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ches"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chasuble</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ches"lip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wood louse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Chess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ches</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;checs</i>, prop. pl. of <i>&eacute;chec</i> check. See
1st <u>Check</u>.] <def>A game played on a chessboard, by two
persons, with two differently colored sets of men, sixteen in
each set. Each player has a king, a queen, two bishops, two
knights, two castles or rooks, and eight pawns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
species of brome grass (<i>Bromus secalinus</i>) which is a
troublesome weed in wheat fields, and is often erroneously
regarded as degenerate or changed wheat; it bears a very slight
resemblance to oats, and if reaped and ground up with wheat, so
as to be used for food, is said to produce narcotic effects; --
called also <i>cheat</i> and <i>Willard's bromus</i>.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p>&fist; Other species of brome grass are called <i>upright
chess</i>, <i>soft chess</i>, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Chess"-ap`ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wild
service of Europe (<i>Purus torminalis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Chess"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The board
used in the game of chess, having eight rows of alternate light
and dark squares, eight in each row. See
<u>Checkerboard</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The chessboard and the checkerboard are alike.</p>

<p><hw>Ches"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wooden
mold in which cheese is pressed.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chess"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chassis</i> a framework of carpenty.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The
platforms, consisting of two or more planks doweled together, for
the flooring of a temporary military bridge.</def>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p>&fist;A singular, <i>chess</i>, is sometimes used. "Each
<i>chess</i> consists of three planks." <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ches"sil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>chesil</i>, AS. <i>ceosel</i> gravel, sand.] <def>Gravel or
pebbles.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chess"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chessmen</b></plw> (#). <def>A piece used in the game of
chess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ches"som</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Chisley</u>.] <def>Mellow earth; mold.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chess"tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chassis</i> a framework of carpentry.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
piece of oak bolted perpendicularly on the side of a vessel, to
aid in drawing down and securing the clew of the
mainsail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ches`sy" cop"per</hw> (?). <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The mineral
azurite, found in fine crystallization at <i>Chessy</i>, near
Lyons; called also <i>chessylite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chest</hw> (ch&ebreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>chest</i>, <i>chist</i>, AS. <i>cest</i>, <i>cist</i>,
<i>cyst</i>, L. <i>cista</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>ki`sth</grk>. Cf.
<u>Cist</u>, <u>Cistern</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large box
of wood, or other material, having, like a trunk, a lid, but no
covering of skin, leather, or cloth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaps of money crowded in the <i>chest</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coffin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He is now dead and mailed in his
<i>cheste</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The part of the body inclosed by the
ribs and breastbone; the thorax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A case in which certain
goods, as tea, opium, etc., are transported; hence, the quantity
which such a case contains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A tight receptacle or
box, usually for holding gas, steam, liquids, etc.; as, the steam
<i>chest</i> of an engine; the wind <i>chest</i> of an
organ.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bomb chest</b></col>, <cd>See under <u>Bomb</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Chest of drawers</b></col>, <cd>a case or movable
frame containing drawers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chest</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chested</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deposit
in a chest; to hoard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place in a coffin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He dieth and is <i>chested</i>.<BR>
<i>Gen. 1. 26 (heading).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ce&aacute;st</i>.] <def>Strife; contention; controversy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chest"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having (such) a
chest; -- in composition; as, broad-<i>chested</i>; narrow-
<i>chested</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ches"ter*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>-
lite</u>.] <def>A variety of feldspar found in crystals in the
county of <i>Chester</i>, Pennsylvania.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ches"teyn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The chestnut
tree.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wilwe, elm, plane, assch, box,
<i>chesteyn</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chest" foun`der</hw> (?). <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A rheumatic
affection of the muscles of the breast and fore legs of a horse,
affecting motion and respiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chest"nut</hw> (ch&ebreve;s"n&ubreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>chesten-nut</i>; OE.
<i>chestein</i>, <i>chesten</i>, <i>chastein</i>, chestnut, fr.
AS. <i>cisten</i> in <i>cisten-be&aacute;m</i> chestnut tree,
influenced by OF. <i>chastaigne</i>, F. <i>ch&acirc;taigne</i>,
both the AS. and the F. words coming from L. <i>castanea</i> a
chestnut, Gr. <grk>ka`stanon</grk>, fr. <grk>Ka`stana</grk> a
city of Pontus, where chestnut trees grew in abundance, and
whence they were introduced into Europe. Cf. <u>Castanets</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The edible nut of a forest
tree (<i>Castanea vesca</i>) of Europe and America. Commonly two
or more of the nuts grow in a prickly bur.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tree itself, or its light, coarse-
grained timber, used for ornamental work, furniture,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bright brown color, like that of the
nut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The horse chestnut (often so used in
England).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One of the round, or oval, horny
plates on the inner sides of the legs of the horse, and allied
animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An old joke or story.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Chestnut tree</b></col>, <cd>a tree that bears
chestnuts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chest"nut</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the color of
a chestnut; of a reddish brown color; as, <i>chestnut</i>
curls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Che"tah</hw> (ch&emacr;"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Cheetah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chet"vert</hw> (ch&ebreve;t"v&etilde;rt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>chetverte</i>.] <def>A measure of
grain equal to 0.7218 of an imperial quarter, or 5.95 Winchester
bushels.</def> [Russia]</p>

<p><hw>Chev"a*chie`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chivachie</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Che"vage</hw> (ch&emacr;"v&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Chiefage</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Che*val"</hw> (sh<i>e</i>*v&adot;l"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Chevaux</b></plw> (-
v&omacr;"). [F. See <u>Cavalcade</u>.] <def>A horse; hence, a
support or frame.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cheval glass</b></col>, <cd>a mirror swinging in a
frame, and large enough to reflect the full length
figure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Che*val"-de-frise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
commonly used in the <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Chevaux-de-
frise</b></plw>. [F.; <i>cheval</i> horse + <i>Frise</i>
Friesland, where it was first used.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A piece
of timber or an iron barrel traversed with iron-pointed spikes or
spears, five or six feet long, used to defend a passage, stop a
breach, or impede the advance of cavalry, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Obstructions of chain, boom, and <i>cheval-de-
frise</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Che`va*lier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>caballarius</i>. See <u>Cavaller</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A horseman; a knight; a gallant young man.</def> "Mount,
<i>chevaliers</i>; to arms."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of certain orders of
knighthood.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Chevalier d'industrie</b></col> (&?;) [F.], <cd>one
who lives by persevering fraud; a pickpocket; a sharper.</cd> --
<col><b>The Chevalier St. George</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>,
<cd>James Francis Edward Stuart (son of James II.), called "The
Pretender."</cd> -- <col><b>The Young Chevalier</b></col>,
<cd>Charles Edward Stuart, son of the Chevalier St.
George.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Che*vaux"</hw> (sh<i>e</i>*v&omacr;"), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Cheval</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheve</hw> (ch&emacr;v), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chevir</i>. See <u>Chievance</u>.] <def>To come to an issue;
to turn out; to succeed; as, to <i>cheve</i> well in a
enterprise.</def> [Prov. or Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cheve*lure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., head of
hair.] <def>A hairlike envelope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nucleus and <i>chevelure</i> of nebulous
star.<BR>
<i>Sir. W. Hershel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chev"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chevanne</i>. <i>Cf</i>. <u>Chavender</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A river fish; the chub.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chev"en*tein</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A variant
of <u>Chieftain</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chev"er*il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chevrel</i>, F. <i>chevreau</i>, kid, dim. of <i>chevre</i>
goat, fr. L. <i>capra</i>. See <u>Caper</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>Soft leather made of kid skin. Fig.: Used as a
symbol of flexibility.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here's wit of <i>cheveril</i>, that stretches from
an inch narrow to an ell broad.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chev"er*il</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of
cheveril; pliant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>cheveril</i> conscience and a searching
wit.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chev"er*li*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
make as pliable as kid leather.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Br.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Che*vet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., head of the
bed, dim. fr. <i>chef</i> head. See <u>Chief</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The extreme end of the chancel or choir; properly the round
or polygonal part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chev"i*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A valuable breed of mountain sheep in
Scotland, which takes its name from the Cheviot hills.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woolen fabric, for men's
clothing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chev"i*sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of.
<i>chevisance</i>, <i>chevissance</i>, fr. <i>chevir</i>come to
an end, perform, fr. <i>chef</i> head, end, from L. <i>caput</i>
head. See <u>Chieve</u>, <u>Chief</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Achievement; deed; performance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fortune, the foe of famous <i>chevisance</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bargain; profit; gain.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A making of contracts.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
bargain or contract; an agreement about a matter in dispute, such
as a debt; a business compact.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An
unlawful agreement or contract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chev*rette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>ch&eacute;vre</i> goat, fr. L. <i>capra</i>. Cf.
<u>Chevron</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A machine for raising guns or
mortar into their carriages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chev"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., rafter,
chevron, from <i>ch&eacute;vre</i> goat, OF. <i>chevre</i>, fr.
L. <i>capra</i> she-goat. See <u>Cheveril</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of the nine honorable
ordinaries, consisting of two broad bands of the width of the
bar, issuing, respectively from the dexter and sinister bases of
the field and conjoined at its center.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A distinguishing mark,
above the elbow, on the sleeve of a non-commissioned officer's
coat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A zigzag molding, or
group of moldings, common in Norman architecture.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chevron bones</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>The V-
shaped subvertebral arches which inclose the caudal blood vessels
in some animals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chev"roned</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
chevron; decorated with an ornamental figure of a zigzag
from.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[A garment] whose nether parts, with their bases,
were of watchet cloth of silver, <i>chevroned</i> all over with
lace.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chev"ron*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>A bearing like a chevron, but of only half its
width.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chev"ron*wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>In the manner of a chevron; as, the field may
be divided <i>chevronwise</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chev`ro*tain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chevrotin</i>, OF. <i>chevrot</i> little goat, roe, dim. of
<i>chevre</i> goat. See <u>Chevron</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small ruminant of the family <i>Tragulid&aelig;</i> a
allied to the musk deer. It inhabits Africa and the East Indies.
See <u>Kanchil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chev"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chivy</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One poor fellow was <i>chevied</i> about among the
casks in the storm for ten minutes.<BR>
<i>London Times.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chew</hw> (ch&udd;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chewed</u> (ch&udd;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chewing</u>.] [As <i>ce&oacute;wan</i>, akin to
D. <i>kauwen</i>, G. <i>kauen</i>. Cf. <u>Chaw</u>, <u>Jaw</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bite and grind with the teeth; to
masticate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ruminate mentally; to meditate
on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>chews</i> revenge, abjuring his offense.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To chew the cud</b></col>, <cd>to chew the food over
again, as a cow; to ruminate; hence, to meditate.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Every beast the parteth the hoof, and cleaveth the
cleft into two claws, and <i>cheweth the cud</i> among the
beasts, that ye shall eat.<BR>
<i>Deut. xxiv. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chew</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform the
action of biting and grinding with the teeth; to ruminate; to
meditate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>old politicians <i>chew</i> wisdom past.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is chewed;
that which is held in the mouth at once; a cud.</def> [Law]</p>

<p><hw>Chew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
chews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chew"et</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of meat
pie.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Che"wink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An american bird (<i>Pipilo
erythrophthalmus</i>) of the Finch family, so called from its
note; -- called also <i>towhee bunting</i> and <i>ground
robin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chey*ennes"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
<i>sing.</i> <singw><b>cheyenne</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>A warlike tribe of indians, related to the blackfeet,
formerly inhabiting the region of Wyoming, but now mostly on
reservations in the Indian Territory. They are noted for their
horsemanship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi"an</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>chius</i>, fr.
<i>Chios</i> the island Chios, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to
Chios, an island in the &AElig;gean Sea.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chian earth</b></col>, <cd>a dense, compact kind of
earth, from Chios, used anciently as an astringent and a
cosmetic.</cd> -- <col><b>Chian turpentine</b></col>, <cd>a
fragrant, almost transparent turpentine, obtained from the
<i>Pistacia Terebinthus</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chi*a`ros*cu"rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
painter who cares for and studies light and shade rather than
color.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Chia`ro*scu"ro</hw> (?), <hw>||Chi*a"ro-os*cu"ro</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., clear dark.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The arrangement of light and dark parts
in a work of art, such as a drawing or painting, whether in
monochrome or in color.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The art or
practice of so arranging the light and dark parts as to produce a
harmonious effect. Cf. <u>Clair-obscur</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chi"asm</hw> (k&imacr;"&abreve;z'm),
<hw>||Chi*as"ma</hw> (k&isl;*&abreve;z"m&adot;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>chiasma</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>chi`asma</grk> two lines placed crosswise, fr. &?; to mark
with a &chi;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A commissure; especially, the
optic commissure, or crucial union of the optic nerves.</def> --
<wf>Chi*as"mal</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>.</p>

<p><hw>||Chi*as"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>chiasmo`s</grk> a placing crosswise, fr.
<grk>chia`zein</grk>. See <u>Chiasm</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>An
inversion of the order of words or phrases, when repeated or
subsequently referred to in a sentence</def>; thus,</p>

<p><blockquote>If e'er to bless thy sons<BR>
My <i>voice</i> or <i>hands</i> deny,<BR>
These <i>hands</i> let useful skill forsake,<BR>
This <i>voice</i> in silence die.<BR>
<i>Dwight.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 247 !></p>

<p><hw>Chi*as"to*lite</hw> (k&isl;*&abreve;s"t&osl;*l&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>chiasto`s</grk> marked with a
&chi; + <i>-lite</i>. See <u>Chiasm</u>. So called from the
resemblance of the cross cuts of its crystals to the Greek letter
&chi;.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of andalusite; -- called
also <i>macle</i>. The tessellated appearance of a cross section
is due to the symmetrical arrangement of impurities in the
crystal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chib"bal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cibol</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Chi*bouque"</hw>, <hw>Chi*bouk"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chibouque</i>, fr.  Turk.] <def>A
Turkish pipe, usually with a mouthpiece of amber, a stem, four or
five feet long and not pliant, of some valuable wood, and a bowl
of baked clay.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Good form;
style.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>||Chi"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A red
coloring matter. extracted from the <i>Bignonia Chica</i>, used
by some tribes of South American Indians to stain the
skin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fermented liquor or beer made in
South American from a decoction of maize.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A popular Moorish, Spanish, and South
American dance, said to be the original of the fandango,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*cane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prob.
earlier meaning a <i>dispute</i>, orig. in the game of mall (F.
<u>mail</u>), fr. LGr. &?; the game of mall, fr Pers
<i>chaug&amacr;n</i> club or bat; or possibly ultimated fr. L.
<i>ciccus</i> a trible.] <def>The use of artful subterfuge,
designed to draw away attention from the merits of a case or
question; -- specifically applied to legal proceedings; trickery;
chicanery; caviling; sophistry.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To shuffle from them by <i>chicane</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To cut short this <i>chicane</i>, I propound it
fairly to your own conscience.<BR>
<i>Berkeley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chi*cane"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chicaner</i>. See <u>Chicane</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>To use shifts, cavils, or artifices.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chi*can"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chicaneur</i>.] <def>One who uses chicanery.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chi*can"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chicanerie</i>.] <def>Mean or unfair artifice to perplex a
cause and obscure the truth; stratagem; sharp practice;
sophistry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Irritated by perpetual <i>chicanery</i>.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Trickery; sophistry; stratagem.</p>

<p><hw>Chic"co*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chicory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chiches</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>chiche</i>, <i>pois
chiche</i>, a dwarf pea, from L. <i>cicer</i> the chick-pea.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The chick-pea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chi"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>See
<u>Chica</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chiche"vache`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chiche</i> lean + <i>vache</i> cow.] <def>A fabulous cow of
enormous size, whose food was patient wives, and which was
therefore in very lean condition.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chich"ling</hw> (?), <hw>Chich"ling vetch`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Chich</i> + <i>-ling</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A leguminous plant (<i>Lathyrus sativus</i>), with broad
flattened seeds which are sometimes used for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chick</hw> (ch&ibreve;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>chykkyn</i>, <i>chyke</i>, <i>chicken</i>.] <def>To sprout, as
seed in the ground; to vegetate.</def> <i>Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
chicken.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A child or young person; -- a term of
endearment.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chick"a*bid`dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
chicken; a fowl; also, a trivial term of endearment for a
child.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chick"a*dee`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small bird, the blackcap titmouse
(<i>Parus atricapillus</i>), of North America; -- named from its
note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chick"a*ree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American red squirrel (<i>Sciurus
Hudsonius</i>); -- so called from its cry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chick"a*saws</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
<i>sing.</i> <singw><b>Chickasaw</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>A tribe of North American Indians (Southern Appalachian)
allied to the Choctaws. They formerly occupied the northern part
of Alabama and Mississippi, but now live in the Indian
Territory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chick"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cicen</i>,
<i>cyceun</i>, dim. of <i>coc</i> cock; akin to LG. <i>kiken</i>,
<i>k&uuml;ken</i>, D. <i>Kieken</i>, <i>kuiken</i>, G.
<i>k&uuml;chkein</i>. See <u>Cock</u> the animal.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A young bird or fowl, esp. a young
barnyard fowl.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young person; a child; esp. a young
woman; a maiden.</def> "Stella is no <i>chicken</i>."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chicken cholera</b></col>, <cd>a contagious disease of
fowls; -- so called because first studied during the prevalence
of a cholera epidemic in France. It has no resemblance to true
cholera.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chick"en-breast`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a narrow, projecting chest, caused by forward
curvature of the vertebral column.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chick"en-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Timid; fearful; cowardly.</def>  <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chick"en pox"</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A mild,
eruptive disease, generally attacking children only;
varicella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chick"ling</hw> (ch&ibreve;k"l&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Chick</i> + <i>-ling</i>.] <def>A small
chick or chicken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chick"-pea`</hw> (-p&emacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chich</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Small
leguminous plant (<i>Cicer arietinum</i>) of Asia, Africa, and
the south of Europe; the chich; the dwarf pea; the
gram.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Its nutritious seed, used in cookery,
and especially, when roasted (parched pulse), as food for
travelers in the Eastern deserts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chick"weed`</hw> (-w&emacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name of several caryophyllaceous weeds,
especially <i>Stellaria media</i>, the seeds and flower buds of
which are a favorite food of small birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chick"y</hw> (ch&ibreve;k"&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A chicken; -- used as a diminutive or pet name, especially
in calling fowls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chic"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chicor&eacute;e</i>, earlier also <i>cichor&eacute;e</i>, L.
<i>cichorium</i>, fr. Gr. <i>&?;</i>, <i>&?;</i>, <i>Cf</i>.
<u>Succory</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
branching perennial plant (<i>Cichorium Intybus</i>) with bright
blue flowers, growing wild in Europe, Asia, and America; also
cultivated for its roots and as a salad plant; succory; wild
endive. See <u>Endive</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The root, which is roasted for mixing
with coffee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chide</hw> (ch&imacr;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Chid</u> (ch&ibreve;d), or
<u>Chode</u> (ch&imacr;d Obs.); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Chidden</u> (?), <u>Chid</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chiding</u>.] [AS. <i>c&imacr;dan</i>; of unknown
origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rebuke; to reprove; to scold;
to find fault with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upbraided, <i>chid</i>, and rated at.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To be noisy about; to chafe
against.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sea that <i>chides</i> the banks of
England.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>chide hither, chide from, or
chide away</b></col>, <cd>to cause to come, or to drive away, by
scolding or reproof.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To blame; rebuke; reprove; scold; censure;
reproach; reprehend; reprimand.</p>

<p><hw>Chide</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To utter words of disapprobation and displeasure; to find
fault; to contend angrily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore the people did <i>chide</i> with
Moses.<BR>
<i>Ex. xvii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a clamorous noise; to
chafe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As doth a rock againts the <i>chiding</i>
flood.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chide</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>c&imacr;d</i>]
<def>A continuous noise or murmur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>chide</i> of streams.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who chides
or quarrels.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chid"er*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>She who
chides.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chide"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Chide</i> +
<i>-ster</i>.] <def>A female scold.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chid"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
chiding or reproving manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chief</hw> (ch&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>chief</i>, <i>chef</i>, OF. chief, F. <i>chef</i>, fr. L.
<i>caput</i> head, possibly akin to E. <i>head</i>. Cf.
<u>Captain</u>, <u>Chapter</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The head
or leader of any body of men; a commander, as of an army; a head
man, as of a tribe, clan, or family; a person in authority who
directs the work of others; the principal actor or
agent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The principal part; the most valuable
portion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>chief</i> of the things which should be
utterly destroyed.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. xv. 21</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The upper third part of
the field. It is supposed to be composed of the dexter, sinister,
and middle chiefs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In chief</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>At the
head; as, a commander <i>in chief</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Eng. Law)</i> <cd>From the king, or sovereign; as, tenure
<i>in chief</i>, tenure directly from the king.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Chieftain; captain; general; commander; leader;
head; principal; sachem; sagamore; sheik.  -- <u>Chief</u>,
<u>chieftain</u>, <u>Commander</u>, <u>Leader</u>. These words
fluctuate somewhat in their meaning according to circumstances,
but agree in the general idea of rule and authority. The term
<i>chief</i> is now more usually applied to one who is a head
man, leader, or commander in civil or military affairs, or holds
a hereditary or acquired rank in a tribe or clan; as, the
<i>chief</i> of police; the <i>chief</i> of an Indian tribe. A
<i>chieftain</i> is the chief of a clan or tribe , or a military
leader. A <i>commander</i> directs the movements of or has
control over a body of men, as a military or naval force. A
<i>leader</i> is one whom men follow, as in a political party, a
legislative body, a military or scientific expedition, etc., one
who takes the command and gives direction in particular
enterprises.</p>

<p><hw>Chief</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Highest in office or rank; principal; head.</def>
"<i>Chief</i> rulers."  <i>John. xii. 42.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Principal or most eminent in any
quality or action; most distinguished; having most influence;
taking the lead; most important; as, the <i>chief</i> topic of
conversation; the <i>chief</i> interest of man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Very intimate, near, or close.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A whisperer separateth <i>chief</i> friends.<BR>
<i>Prov. xvi. 28.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Principal; head; leading; main; paramount;
supreme; prime; vital; especial; great; grand; eminent;
master.</p>

<p><hw>Chief"age</hw> (-&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chevage</i>, fr. <i>chief</i> head. See <u>Chief</u>.] <def>A
tribute by the head; a capitation tax.</def> [Written also
<i>chevage</i> and <i>chivage</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chief" bar"on</hw> (?). <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The
presiding judge of the court of exchequer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chief"est</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Superl. of
<u>Chief</u>.] <def>First or foremost; chief; principal.</def>
[Archaic] "Our <i>chiefest</i> courtier."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>chiefest</i> among ten thousand.<BR>
<i>Canticles v. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chief" hare`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
rodent (<i>Lagamys princeps</i>) inhabiting the summits of the
Rocky Mountains; -- also called <i>crying hare</i>, <i>calling
hare</i>, <i>cony</i>, <i>American pika</i>, and <i>little chief
hare</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is not a true hare or rabbit, but belongs to the
curious family <i>Lagomyid&aelig;</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Chief" jus"tice</hw> (?). <def>The presiding justice, or
principal judge, of a court.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lord Chief Justice of England</b></col>, <cd>The
presiding judge of the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court
of Justice. The highest judicial officer of the realm is the Lord
High Chancellor.</cd> -- <col><b>Chief Justice of the United
States</b></col>, <cd>the presiding judge of the Supreme Court,
and Highest judicial officer of the republic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chief"-jus"tice*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office of chief justice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jay selected the <i>chief-justiceship</i> as most
in accordance with his tastes.<BR>
<i>The Century.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chief"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
chief or leader.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chief"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the first place; principally;
pre&euml;minently; above; especially.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Search through this garden; leave unsearched no
nook;<BR>
But <i>chiefly</i> where those two fair creatures lodge.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>For the most part; mostly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those parts of the kingdom where the . . . estates
of the dissenters <i>chiefly</i> lay.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chief"rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small rent
paid to the lord paramount.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chief"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cheftayn</i>, <i>chevetayn</i>, OF. <i>chevetain</i>, F.
<i>capitaine</i>, LL. <i>capitanus</i>, fr. L. <i>caput</i> head.
Cf. <u>Captain</u>, and see <u>chief</u>.] <def>A captain,
leader, or commander; a chief; the head of a troop, army, or
clan.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Chief; commander; leader; head. See
<u>Chief</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Chief"tain*cy</hw> (?), <hw>Chief"tain*ship</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rank, dignity, or office of a
chieftain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chier"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chert&eacute;</i>. See <u>Charity</u>.] <def>Love; tender
regard.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chiev"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chevance</i> property, equiv. To <i>chevisance</i>, fr.
<i>chevir</i> to accomplish. See <u>Chevisance</u>.] <def>An
unlawful bargain; traffic in which money is exported as
discount.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chieve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cheve</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chiff"-chaff</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called
from its note.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of European
warbler (<i>Sylvia hippolais</i>); -- called also <i>chip-
chap</i>, and <i>pettychaps</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chif`fo*nier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>fem.</i></pos>
<hw>Chif`fo*ni&egrave;re"</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chiffonnier</i>, fem. <i>chiffonni&egrave;re</i>, fr.
<i>chiffon</i> rag, fr. <i>chiffe</i> a rag, flimsy cloth.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who gathers rags and odds and ends; a
ragpicker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A receptacle for rags or
shreds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A movable and ornamental closet or
piece of furniture with shelves or drawers.</def>  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Chi"gnon</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop.
equiv. to <i>cha&icirc;non</i> link, fr. <i>cha&icirc;ne</i>
chain, fr. L. <i>catena</i> Cf. <u>Chain</u>.] <def>A knot, boss,
or mass of hair, natural or artificial, worn by a woman at the
back of the head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A curl that had strayed from her
<i>chignon</i>.<BR>
<i>H. James.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chig"oe</hw> (?), <hw>Chig"re</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>chigue</i>, perh. fr. Catalan
<i>chic</i> small, Sp. <i>chico</i>; or of Peruvian origin.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of flea (<i>Pulex
penetrans</i>), common in the West Indies and South America,
which often attacks the feet or any exposed part of the human
body, and burrowing beneath the skin produces great irritation.
When the female is allowed to remain and breed, troublesome sores
result, which are sometimes dangerous. See <u>Jigger</u>.</def>
[Written also <i>chegre</i>, <i>chegoe</i>, <i>chique</i>,
<i>chigger</i>, <i>jigger</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The name is sometimes erroneously given to certain
mites or ticks having similar habits.</p>

<p><hw>||Chi*ka"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The goat antelope
(<i>Tragops Bennettii</i>) of India.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The Indian four-horned antelope (<i>Tetraceros
quadricornis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Chil"blain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Chill</i> +
<i>Blain</i>.] <def>A blain, sore, or inflammatory swelling,
produced by exposure of the feet or hands to cold, and attended
by itching, pain, and sometimes ulceration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chil"blain`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To produce
chilblains upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Child</hw> (ch&imacr;ld), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Children</b></plw> (ch&ibreve;l"dr&ebreve;n). [AS.
<i>cild</i>, pl. <i>cildru</i>; cf. Goth. <i>kil&thorn;ei</i>
womb, <i>in-kil&thorn;&omacr;</i> with child.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A son or a daughter; a male or female descendant, in the
first degree; the immediate progeny of human parents; -- in
<i>law</i>, legitimate offspring. Used also of animals and
plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A descendant, however remote; -- used
esp. in the plural; as, the <i>children</i> of Israel; the
<i>children</i> of Edom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who, by character of practice,
shows signs of relationship to, or of the influence of, another;
one closely connected with a place, occupation, character, etc.;
as, a <i>child</i> of God; a <i>child</i> of the devil; a
<i>child</i> of disobedience; a <i>child</i> of toil; a
<i>child</i> of the people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A noble youth. See
<u>Childe</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A young person of either sex. esp. one
between infancy and youth; hence, one who exhibits the
characteristics of a very young person, as innocence, obedience,
trustfulness, limited understanding, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When I was <i>child</i>. I spake as a
<i>child</i>, I understood as a <i>child</i>, I thought as a
<i>child</i>; but when I became a man, I put away childish
things.<BR>
<i>1. Cor.  xii. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A female infant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A boy or a <i>child</i>, I wonder?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To be with child</b></col>, <cd>to be pregnant.</cd> -
- <col><b>Child's play</b></col>, <cd>light work; a trifling
contest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Child</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Childed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Childing</u>.] <def>To give birth; to produce young.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This queen Genissa <i>childing</i> died.<BR>
<i>Warner.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It chanced within two days they <i>childed</i>
both.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Child"bear`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of producing or bringing forth children; parturition.</def>
<i>Milton. Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Child"bed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
a woman bringing forth a child, or being in labor;
parturition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Child"birth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
bringing forth a child; travail; labor.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Child"crow`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The crowing noise made by children affected
with spasm of the laryngeal muscles; false croup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Childe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cognomen
formerly prefixed to his name by the oldest son, until he
succeeded to his ancestral titles, or was knighted; as,
<i>Childe</i> Roland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Child"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished
with a child.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chil"dermas day`</hw> (?). [AS. <i>cildam&aelig;sse-
d&aelig;g</i>; <i>cild</i> child  +<i>d&aelig;g</i> day.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A day (December 28) observed by mass or
festival in commemoration of the children slain by Herod at
Bethlehem; -- called also <i>Holy Innocent's Day</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 248 !></p>

<p><hw>Child"hood</hw> (ch&imacr;ld"h&oocr;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cildh&amacr;d</i>; <i>cild</i> child
+ <i>-h&amacr;d</i>. See <u>Child</u>, and <u>-hood</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being a child; the time in
which persons are children; the condition or time from infancy to
puberty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have walked before you from my
<i>childhood</i>.<BR>
<i>1. Sam. xii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Children, taken collectively.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The well-governed <i>childhood</i> of this
realm.<BR>
<i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The commencement; the first
period.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>childhood</i> of our joy.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Second childhood</b></col>, <cd>the state of being
feeble and incapable from old age.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Child"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Child</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Bearing Children;
(Fig.) productive; fruitful.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Child"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of, pertaining to, befitting, or resembling, a child.</def>
"<i>Childish</i> innocence."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Puerile; trifling; weak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Methinks that simplicity in her countenance is
rather <i>childish</i> than innocent.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Childish</i>, as applied to persons who are grown
up, is in a disparaging sense; as, a <i>childish</i> temper.</p>

<p><hw>Child"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of a child; in a trifling way; in a weak or foolish
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Child"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being childish; simplicity; harmlessness; weakness
of intellect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Child"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being childless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Child"like</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
a child, or that which belongs to children; becoming a child;
meek; submissive; dutiful.</def> "<i>Childlike</i> obedience."
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Childlike</i>, as applied to persons grown up, is
commonly in a good sense; as, <i>childlike</i> grace or
simplicity; <i>childlike</i> modesty.</p>

<p><hw>Child"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
character of a child; belonging, or appropriate, to a
child.</def>  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Child"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like a
child.</def>  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Child"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The manner
characteristic of a child.</def> [Obs.] "Varying
<i>childness</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chil"dren</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <def><i>pl.</i>
of <u>Child</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Child"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
relation of being a child.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chil"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>chili</i>,
<i>chile</i>.] <def>A kind of red pepper. See
<u>Capsicum</u></def> [Written also <i>chilli</i> and
<i>chile</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Chil"i*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
fr. &?; a thousand.] <def>A thousand; the aggregate of a thousand
things; especially, a period of a thousand years.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world, then in the seventh <i>chiliad</i>,
will be assumed up unto God.<BR>
<i>Sir. T. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chil"i*a*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
a thousand + &?; angle.] <def>A plane figure of a thousand angles
and sides.</def>  <i>Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chil"i*a*hedron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
thousand + &?; base, fr. &?; to sit.] <def>A figure bounded by a
thousand plane surfaces</def> [Spelt also
<i>chilia&euml;dron</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Chil"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Chili.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native
or citizen of Chili.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chil"i*an</hw> (?), <hw>Chil"i*arch`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;; &?; a thousand + &?; leader,
&?; to lead.] <def>The commander or chief of a thousand
men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chil"i*arch`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>A body consisting of a thousand men.</def>
<i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chil"i*asm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr.
&?;. See Chiliad.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
millennium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine of the personal reign of
Christ on earth during the millennium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chil"i*ast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Chiliasm</u>.] <def>One who believes in the second coming of
Christ to reign on earth a thousand years; a
millenarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chili*astic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Millenarian.</def> "The obstruction offered by the
<i>chiliastic</i> errors."  <i>J. A. Alexander.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chill</hw> (ch&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cele</i>, <i>cyle</i>, from the same root as <i>celan</i>,
<i>calan</i>, to be cold; akin to D. <i>kil</i> cold, coldness,
Sw. <i>kyla</i> to chill, and E. <i>cool</i>. See <u>Cold</u>,
and cf. <u>Cool</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A moderate but disagreeable degree of
cold; a disagreeable sensation of coolness, accompanied with
shivering.</def> "[A] wintry <i>chill</i>."  <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sensation of cold with
convulsive shaking of the body, pinched face, pale skin, and blue
lips, caused by undue cooling of the body or by nervous
excitement, or forming the precursor of some constitutional
disturbance, as of a fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A check to enthusiasm or warmth of
feeling; discouragement; as, a <i>chill</i> comes over an
assembly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An iron mold or portion of a mold,
serving to cool rapidly, and so to harden, the surface of molten
iron brought in contact with it.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The hardened part of a casting, as the
tread of a car wheel.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chill and fever</b></col>, <cd>fever and
ague.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chill</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moderately cold; tending to cause shivering; chilly;
raw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Noisome winds, and blasting vapors
<i>chill</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected by cold.</def> "My veins are
<i>chill</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by coolness of manner,
feeling, etc.; lacking enthusiasm or warmth; formal; distant; as,
a <i>chill</i> reception.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Discouraging; depressing;
dispiriting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chilled</u> (ch&ibreve;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chilling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike
with a chill; to make chilly; to cause to shiver; to affect with
cold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When winter <i>chilled</i> the day.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To check enthusiasm or warmth of
feeling of; to depress; to discourage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every thought on God <i>chills</i> the gayety of
his spirits.<BR>
<i>Rogers.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To produce, by sudden
cooling, a change of crystallization at or near the surface of,
so as to increase the hardness; said of cast iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>To become surface-hardened by sudden cooling while
solidifying; as, some kinds of cast iron <i>chill</i> to a
greater depth than others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chilled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hardened on the surface or edge by chilling; as,
<i>chilled</i> iron; a <i>chilled</i> wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Having that cloudiness
or dimness of surface that is called "<i>blooming</i>."</def></p>

<p><hw>Chil"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chili</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chill"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state or sensation of being chilly; a
disagreeable sensation of coldness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A moderate degree of coldness;
disagreeable coldness or rawness; as, the <i>chilliness</i> of
the air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Formality; lack of warmth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chill"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making
chilly or cold; depressing; discouraging; cold; distant; as, a
<i>chilling</i> breeze; a <i>chilling</i> manner.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Chill"ing"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Chill"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Coolness;
coldness; a chill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death is the <i>chillness</i> that precedes the
dawn.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chill"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moderately
cold; cold and raw or damp so as to cause shivering; causing or
feeling a disagreeable sensation of cold, or a
shivering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi"log*nath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A myriapod of the order
Chilognatha.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chi*log"na*tha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; lip + <grk>gna`qos</grk> Jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the two principal orders of myriapods. They have
numerous segments, each bearing two pairs of small, slender legs,
which are attached ventrally, near together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*lo"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
lip, fr. &?; lip. See <u>-oma</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
tumid upper lip of certain mammals, as of a camel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi"lo*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A myriapod of the order
Chilopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chi*lop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; lip + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the orders of myriapods, including the centipeds. They have a
single pair of elongated legs attached laterally to each segment;
well developed jaws; and a pair of thoracic legs converted into
poison fangs. They are insectivorous, very active, and some
species grow to the length of a foot.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Chi*los"to*ma</hw> (?), <hw>Chi*lo*stom"a*ta</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; + &?;, &?;, outh.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive suborder of marine Bryozoa,
mostly with calcareous shells. They have a movable lip and a lid
to close the aperture of the cells.</def> [Also written
<i>Chillostomata</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Chi`lo*stoma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Chilostoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chiltern Hundreds</hw> (?). [<i>AS</i>. <i>Chiltern</i>
the Chiltern, high hills in Buckinghamshire, perh. Fr.
<i>ceald</i> cold + <i>ern</i>, <i>&aelig;rn</i>, place.] <def>A
tract of crown land in Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire, England,
to which is attached the nominal office of steward. As members of
Parliament cannot resign, when they wish to go out they accept
this stewardship, which legally vacates their seats.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chi*m&aelig;"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Chimera</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cartilaginous fish of
several species, belonging to the order Holocephali. The teeth
are few and large. The head is furnished with appendages, and the
tail terminates in a point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*m&aelig;"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Chim&aelig;ra</i> + <i>old</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Related to, or like, the chim&aelig;ra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*man"go</hw> [Native name] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
south American carrion buzzard (<i>Milvago chimango</i>). See
<u>Caracara</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chimb</hw> (ch&imacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cim</i>, in <i>cimst&amacr;n</i> base of a pillar; akin to D.
<i>kim</i>, f. Sw. <i>kim</i>., G. <i>kimme</i> f.] <def>The edge
of a cask, etc; a chine. See <u>Chine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</def> [Written also <i>chime</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Chimb</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Chime.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chime</hw> (ch&imacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chimb</u>.] <def>See <u>Chine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chime</hw> (ch&imacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>chimbe</i>, prop., cymbal, OF. <i>cymbe</i>, <i>cymble</i>, in
a dialectic form, <i>chymble</i>, F. <i>cymbale</i>, L.
<i>cymbalum</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>ky`mbalon</grk>. See
<u>Cymbal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The harmonious sound of
bells, or of musical instruments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Instruments that made melodius <i>chime</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A set of bells musically tuned to each
other;</def> specif., in the <i>pl.</i>, <def>the music performed
on such a set of bells by hand, or produced by mechanism to
accompany the striking of the hours or their divisions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have heard the <i>chimes</i> at midnight.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing correspondence of proportion,
relation, or sound.</def> "<i>Chimes</i> of verse."
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chime</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chimed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Chiming</u>.] [See <u>Chime</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sound in harmonious accord, as
bells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in harmony; to agree; to suit;
to harmonize; to correspond; to fall in with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Everything <i>chimed</i> in with such a humor.<BR>
<i>W. irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To join in a conversation; to express
assent; -- followed by <i>in</i> or <i>in with</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make a rude correspondence of
sounds; to jingle, as in rhyming.</def>  <i>Cowley</i></p>

<p><hw>Chime</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to sound in harmony; to play a tune, as upon a set
of bells; to move or strike in harmony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>chime</i> their sounding hammers.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter harmoniously; to recite
rhythmically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Chime</i> his childish verse.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chim"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
chimes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chime"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chimeras</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>chimaera</i> a chimera (in
sense 1), Gr. &?; a she-goat, a chimera, fr. &?; he-goat; cf.
Icel. <i>qymbr</i> a yearling ewe.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A monster represented as vomiting flames, and
as having the head of a lion, the body of a goat, and the tail of
a dragon.</def> "Dire <i>chimeras</i> and enchanted isles."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vain, foolish, or incongruous fancy,
or creature of the imagination; as, the <i>chimera</i> of an
author.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chi*mere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chamarre</i>., F. <i>simarre</i> (cf. It. <i>zimarra</i>), fr.
Sp. <i>chamarra</i>, <i>zamarra</i>, a coat made of sheepskins, a
sheepskin, perh. from Ar. <i>samm&umacr;r</i> the Scythian weasel
or marten, the sable. Cf. <u>Simarre</u>.] <def>The upper robe
worn by a bishop, to which lawn sleeves are usually
attached.</def>  <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chi*mer"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Chimerical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*mer"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Merely
imaginary; fanciful; fantastic; wildly or vainly conceived;
having, or capable of having, no existence except in thought; as,
<i>chimerical</i> projects.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Imaginary; fanciful; fantastic; wild;
unfounded; vain; deceitful; delusive.</p>

<p><hw>Chi*mer"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Wildy;
vainly; fancifully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chim"i*nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>cheminage</i>, fr. <i>chemin</i> way, road.] <i>(Old Law)</i>
<def>A toll for passage through a forest.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chim"ney</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chimneys</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>chemin&eacute;e</i>, LL.
<i>caminata</i>, fr. L. <i>caminus</i> furnace, fireplace, Gr.
&?; furnace, oven.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fireplace or
hearth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of a building which contains
the smoke flues; esp. an upright tube or flue of brick or stone,
in most cases extending through or above the roof of the
building. Often used instead of <i>chimney shaft</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hard by a cottage <i>chimney</i> smokes.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tube usually of glass, placed around
a flame, as of a lamp, to create a draft, and promote
combustion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A body of ore, usually
of elongated form, extending downward in a vein.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chimney board</b></col>, <cd>a board or screen used to
close a fireplace; a fireboard.</cd> -- <col><b>Chimney
cap</b></col>, <cd>a device to improve the draught of a chimney,
by presenting an exit aperture always to leeward.</cd> --
<col><b>Chimney corner</b></col>, <cd>the space between the sides
of the fireplace and the fire; hence, the fireside.</cd> --
<col><b>Chimney hook</b></col>, <cd>a hook for holding pats and
kettles over a fire,</cd> -- <col><b>Chimney money</b></col>,
<cd>hearth money, a duty formerly paid in England for each
chimney.</cd> -- <col><b>Chimney pot</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>a cylinder of earthenware or sheet metal placed at the top of
a chimney which rises above the roof.</cd> -- <col><b>Chimney
swallow</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An
American swift (<i>Ch&aelig;ture pelasgica</i>) which lives in
chimneys.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In England, the common
swallow (<i>Hirundo rustica</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Chimney
sweep</b></col>, <col><b>Chimney sweeper</b></col>, <cd>one who
cleans chimneys of soot; esp. a boy who climbs the flue, and
brushes off the soot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chim"ney-breast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The horizontal projection of a chimney from
the wall in which it is built; -- commonly applied to its
projection in the inside of a building only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chim"ney-piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A decorative construction around the opening
of a fireplace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chim*pan"zee</hw> (ch&ibreve;m*p&abreve;n"z&esl;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name: cf. F.
<i>chimpanz&eacute;</i>, <i>chimpans&eacute;</i>,
<i>chimpanz&eacute;e</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An african
ape (<i>Anthropithecus troglodytes</i> or <i>Troglodytes
niger</i>) which approaches more nearly to man, in most respects,
than any other ape. When full grown, it is from three to four
feet high.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chin</hw> (ch&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cin</i>, akin to OS. <i>kin</i>, G <i>kinn</i>, Icel.
<i>kinn</i>, cheek, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>kind</i>, L. <u>gena</u>, Gr.
&?;; cf. Skr. <i>hanu</i>.  &radic;232.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The lower extremity of the face below the mouth; the point
of the under jaw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The exterior or
under surface embraced between the branches of the lower jaw
bone, in birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A country in Eastern Asia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>China ware, which is the modern
popular term for porcelain. See <u>Porcelain</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>China aster</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a well-known
garden flower and plant. See <u>Aster</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>China
bean</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bean</u>, 1.</cd> --
<col><b>China clay</b></col> <cd>See <u>Kaolin</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>China grass</b></col>, <cd>Same as <u>Ramie</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>China ink</b></col>. <cd>See <u>India ink</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>China pink</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an anual or
biennial species of <i>Dianthus</i> (<i>D. Chiensis</i>) having
variously colored single or double flowers; Indian pink.</cd> --
<col><b>China root</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the rootstock of
a species of <i>Smilax</i> (<i>S. China</i>, from the East
Indies; -- formerly much esteemed for the purposes that
sarsaparilla is now used for. Also the galanga root (from
<i>Alpinia Gallanga</i> and <i>Alpinia officinarum</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>China rose</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A popular name for several free-blooming varieties of rose
derived from the <i>Rosa Indica</i>, and perhaps other
species.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A flowering hothouse plant
(<i>Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis</i>) of the Mallow family, common in
the gardens of China and the east Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>China
shop</b></col>, <cd>a shop or store for the sale of China ware or
of crockery.</cd> -- <col><b>China ware</b></col>, <cd>porcelain;
-- so called in the 17th century because brought from the far
East, and differing from the pottery made in Europe at that time;
also, loosely, crockery in general.</cd> -- <col><b>Pride of
China</b></col>, <col><b>China tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Azedarach</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 249 !></p>

<p><hw>Chin*al"dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>chinium</i> quinine + <i>ald</i>ehyde.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Quinaldine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi"na*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chinamen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A native of China; a
Chinese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chin"ca*pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chinquapin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chinch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>chinche</i>, fr. L. <u>cimex</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bedbug (<i>Cimex
lectularius</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bug (<i>Blissus
leucopterus</i>), which, in the United States, is very
destructive to grass, wheat, and other grains; -- also called
<i>chiniz</i>, <i>chinch bug</i>, <i>chink bug</i>. It resembles
the bedbug in its disgusting odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chin"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Chinchilla</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A south American
rodent of the genus <i>Lagotis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chinche</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>chiche</i>
miserly.] <def>Parsimonious; niggardly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chinch"er*ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Penuriousness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By cause of his skarsete and
<i>chincherie</i>.<BR>
<i>Caucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chin*chil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small rodent
(<i>Chinchilla lanigera</i>), of the size of a large squirrel,
remarkable for its fine fur, which is very soft and of a pearly
gray color. It is a native of Peru and Chili.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fur of the chinchilla.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A heavy, long-napped, tufted woolen
cloth.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chin*cho"na</hw> (?), <hw>Chin*co"na</hw> (?). }<def>See
<u>Cinchona</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chin" cough"</hw> (?). [For <i>chink cough</i>; cf. As.
<i>cincung</i> long laughter, Scot. <i>kink</i> a violent fit of
coughing, akin to MHG. <i>k&imacr;chen</i> to pant. Cf.
<u>Kinknaust</u>, <u>Cough</u>.] <def>Whooping cough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Chink</u>.]
<def>A chink or cleft; a narrow and deep ravine; as, Shanklin
<i>Chine</i> in the Isle of Wight, a quarter of a mile long and
230 feet deep.</def> [Prov. Eng.] "The cottage in a
<i>chine</i>."  <i>J. Ingelow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OF. <i>eschine</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;chine</i>, fr. OHG. <i>skina</i> needle, prickle,
shin, G. <i>schiene</i> splint, <i>schienbein</i> shin. For the
meaning cf. L. <i>spina</i> thorn, prickle, or spine, the
backbone. Cf. <u>Shin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The backbone
or spine of an animal; the back.</def> "And <i>chine</i> with
rising bristles roughly spread."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of the backbone of an animal,
with the adjoining parts, cut for cooking. [See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Beef</u>.]</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The edge or rim of a cask, etc.,
formed by the projecting ends of the staves; the chamfered end of
a stave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chined</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut
through the backbone of; to cut into chine pieces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Too chamfer the ends of a stave and
form the chine..</def></p>

<p><hw>Chined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or having, a chine, or backbone; -- used in
composition.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Broken in the back.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He's <i>chined</i>, goodman.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chi"nese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to China; peculiar to China.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chinese paper</b></col>. <cd>See <i>India paper</i>,
under <u>India</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Chinese wax</b></col>, <cd>a
snowy-white, waxlike substance brought from China. It is the
bleached secretion of certain insects of the family
<i>Coccid&aelig;</i> especially <i>Coccus Sinensis</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chi*nese"</hw>, <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or natives of China, or one of
that yellow race with oblique eyelids who live principally in
China.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>sing.</i> <def>The language of China,
which is monosyllabic.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Chineses</i> was used as a plural by the
contemporaries of Shakespeare and Milton.</p>

<p><hw>Chink</hw> (ch&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>chine</i>, AS. <i>c&imacr;ne</i> fissure, chink, fr.
<i>c&imacr;nan</i> to gape; akin to Goth. <i>Keinan</i> to
sprout, G. <i>keimen</i>. Cf. <u>Chit</u>.] <def>A small cleft,
rent, or fissure, of greater length than breadth; a gap or crack;
as, the <i>chinks</i> of a wall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through one cloudless <i>chink</i>, in a black,
stormy sky.<BR>
Shines out the dewy morning star.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chink</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chinked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chinking</u>.] <def>To crack; to open.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to open in cracks or fissures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill up the chinks of; as, to
<i>chink</i> a wall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of imitative origin. Cf.
<u>Jingle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short, sharp sound, as
of metal struck with a slight degree of violence.</def>
"<i>Chink</i> of bell."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Money; cash.</def> [Cant] "To leave
his <i>chink</i> to better hands."  <i>Somerville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to make
a sharp metallic sound, as coins, small pieces of metal, etc., by
bringing them into collision with each other.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chink</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a slight,
sharp, metallic sound, as by the collision of little pieces of
money, or other small sonorous bodies.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chink"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of chinks
or fissures; gaping; opening in narrow clefts.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chinned</hw> (ch&ibreve;nd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a chin; -- used chiefly in compounds; as, short-
<i>chinned</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*noid"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>chin</i>ium quinine (cf. G. &amp; F. <i>china</i> Peruvian bark) +
<i>--oil</i> + <i>-ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Quinodine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chin"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>chin</i>ium quinine (see <u>Chinoldine</u>) + L. <i>ol</i>eum
oil + <i>-ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Quinoline</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi"none</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>chin</i>ium quinine (see <u>Chinoidine</u>.) + <i>-one</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Quinone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*nook"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of a tribe of North
American Indians now living in the state of Washington, noted for
the custom of flattening their skulls. Chinooks also called
<i>Flathead Indians</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A warm westerly wind from the country
of the Chinooks, sometimes experienced on the slope of the Rocky
Mountains, in Montana and the adjacent territory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A jargon of words from various
languages (the largest proportion of which is from that of the
Chinooks) generally understood by all the Indian tribes of the
northwestern territories of the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chin"qua*pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A branching, nut-bearing tree or shrub (<i>Castanea
pumila</i>) of North America, from six to twenty feet high,
allied to the chestnut. Also, its small, sweet, edible nat.</def>
[Written also <i>chincapin</i> and <i>chinkapin</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Chinquapin oak</b></col>, <cd>a small shrubby oak
(<i>Quercus prinoides</i>) of the Atlantic States, with edible
acorns.</cd> -- <col><b>Western Chinquapin</b></col>, <cd>an
evergreen shrub or tree (<i>Castanopes chrysophylla</i>) of the
Pacific coast. In California it is a shrub; in Oregon a tree 30
to 125 feet high.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chinse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chinsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Chinsing</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
thrust oakum into (seams or chinks) with a chisel , the point of
a knife, or a chinsing iron; to calk slightly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chinsing iron</b></col>, <cd>a light calking
iron.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chintz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chintzes</b></plw> (#). [Hindi <i>ch&imacr;nt</i> spotted
cotton clooth, <i>ch&imacr;nt&amacr; spot</i>.] <def>Cotton
cloth, printed with flowers and other devices, in a number of
different colors, and often glazed.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chiop*pine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Chopine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Chip</hw> (ch&ibreve;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chipped</u> (ch&ibreve;pt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Chipping</u>.] [Cf. G.
<i>kippen</i> to cut off the edge, to clip, pare. Cf. <u>Chop</u>
to cut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut small pieces from; to
diminish or reduce to shape, by cutting away a little at a time;
to hew.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break or crack, or crack off a
portion of, as of an eggshell in hatching, or a piece of
crockery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bet, as with chips in the game of
poker.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To chip in</b></col>, <cd>to contribute, as to a fund;
to share in the risks or expenses of.</cd> [Slang. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Chip</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To break or fly
off in small pieces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
piece of wood, stone, or other substance, separated by an ax,
chisel, or cutting instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fragment or piece broken off; a
small piece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wood or Cuban palm leaf split into
slips, or straw plaited in a special manner, for making hats or
bonnets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything dried up, withered, or
without flavor; -- used contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One of the counters used in poker and
other games.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The triangular piece of
wood attached to the log line.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Buffalo chips</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Buffalo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Chip ax</b></col>, <cd>a small ax
for chipping timber into shape.</cd> -- <col><b>Chip
bonnet</b></col>, <col><b>Chip hat</b></col>, <cd>a bonnet or a
hat made of Chip. See <u>Chip</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd>
-- <col><b>A chip off the old block</b></col>, <cd>a child who
resembles either of his parents.</cd> [Colloq.] <i>Milton.</i> --
<col><b>Potato chips</b></col>, <col><b>Saratoga chips</b></col>,
<cd>thin slices of raw potato fried crisp.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chip"munk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Indian name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A squirrel-like animal of the genus
<i>Tamias</i>, sometimes called the <i>striped squirrel</i>,
<i>chipping squirrel</i>, <i>ground squirrel</i>, <i>hackee</i>.
The common species of the United States is the <i>Tamias
striatus</i>.</def> [Written also <i>chipmonk</i>,
<i>chipmuck</i>, and <i>chipmuk</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Chip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Cheep</u>, <u>Chirp</u>.] <def>To chirp or chirrup.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chip"per</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lively; cheerful;
talkative.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Chip"pe*ways</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
<i>sing.</i> <singw><b>Chippeway</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>A tribe of Indians formerly inhabiting the northern and
western shores of Lake Superior; -- called also
<i>Objibways</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chip"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chip; a piece separated by a cutting or
graving instrument; a fragment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of cutting or
breaking off small pieces, as in dressing iron with a chisel, or
reducing a timber or block of stone to shape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The breaking off in small pieces of
the edges of potter's ware, porcelain, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chip"ping bird`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
chippy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chip"ping squir"rel</hw> (?). <def>See
<u>Chipmunk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chip"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in,
or resembling, chips; dry and tasteless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chip"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small American sparrow (<i>Spizella socialis</i>), very
common near dwelling; -- also called <i>chipping bird</i> and
<i>chipping sparrow</i>, from its simple note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chips</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
ship's carpenter.</def> [Cant.]</p>

<p><hw>||Chi*ra"gra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; hand + &?; seizure.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Gout in the
hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*rag"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the gout in the hand, or subject to that disease.</def>  <i>Sir.
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Chi*ret"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>chir&amacr;&imacr;t&amacr;</i>.] <def>A plant (<i>Agathotes
Chirayta</i>) found in Northern India, having medicinal
properties to the gentian, and esteemed as a tonic and
febrifuge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chirk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Chirp</u>,
also <u>Creak</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shriek; to gnash;
to utter harsh or shrill cries.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All full of <i>chirkyng</i> was that sorry
place.<BR>
<i>Cheucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To chirp like a bird.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chirk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cheer; to
enliven; as, to <i>chirk</i> one up.</def> [Colloq. New Eng.
]</p>

<p><hw>Chirk</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Chirk</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Lively; cheerful; in good
spirits.</def> [Colloq. New Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Chirm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>cyrman</i>, <i>cirman</i>, to cry out. &radic;24 Cf.
<u>Chirp</u>.] <def>To chirp or to make a mournful cry, as a
bird.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chi*rog"no*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chei`r</grk> hand + &?; understanding.] <def>The art of
judging character by the shape and appearance of the
hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi"ro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
written with the hand; <grk>chei`r</grk> hand +
<grk>gra`fein</grk> to write.] <i>(Old. Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A writing which, requiring a
counterpart, was engrossed twice on the same piece of parchment,
with a space between, in which was written the word
<i>chirographum</i>, through which the parchment was cut, and one
part given to each party. It answered to what is now called a
<i>charter party</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The last
part of a fine of land, commonly called the <i>foot</i> of the
fine.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chi*rog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who practice the art or business of
writing or engrossing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>chirographist</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chirographer of fines</b></col> <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i>,
<cd>an officer in the court of common pleas, who engrossed
fines.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chi`ro*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Chi`ro*graph"ic*al</hw>
(?) } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
chirography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*rog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chirographer; a writer or
engrosser.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who tells fortunes by examining
the hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*rog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of writing or engrossing;
handwriting; as, skilled in <i>chirography</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of telling fortunes by
examining the hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi`ro*gym"nast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chei`r</grk> hand + &?;  trainer of athletes, gymnast.]
<def>A mechanical contrivance for exercising the fingers of a
pianist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi`ro*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to chirology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*rol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
communicates thoughts by signs made with the hands and
fingers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*rol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chei`r</grk> hand + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The art or practice
of using the manual alphabet or of communicating thoughts by
sings made by the hands and fingers; a substitute for spoken or
written language in intercourse with the deaf and dumb. See
<u>Dactylalogy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi"ro*man`cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices chiromancy.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chi"ro*mancy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chei`r</grk> hand + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>The art or practice
of foretelling events, or of telling the fortunes or the
disposition of persons by inspecting the hand;
palmistry.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chi"ro*man`ist</hw> (?), <hw>Chi"ro*man`tist</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>A chiromancer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chi`ro*man"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Chi`ro*man"tic*al</hw> (?)
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
chiromancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi`ro*mon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to chironomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*ron"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>chei`r</grk> hand + &?; to manage.] <def>The art of moving
the hands in oratory or in pantomime; gesture</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chi"ro*plast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
formed by hand; <grk>chei`r</grk> hand + &?; to shape.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument to guid the hands and fingers of
pupils in playing on the piano, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*rop"o*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chei`r</grk> hand + &?;; &?;, foot.] <def>One who treats
diseases of the hands and feet; especially, one who removes corns
and bunions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chirop"ody</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
treating diseases of the hands and feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chiros"ophist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chei`r</grk> hand + &?; skillful, wise. See <u>Sophist</u>.]
<def>A fortune teller.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chirp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chirped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chirping</u>.] [Of imitative orgin. Cf.
<u>Chirk</u>, <u>Chipper</u>, <u>Cheep</u>, <u>Chirm</u>,
<u>Chirrup</u>.] <def>To make a shop, sharp, cheerful, as of
small birds or crickets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chirp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short, sharp note,
as of a bird or insect.</def> "The <i>chirp</i> of flitting
bird."  <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chirp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
chirps, or is cheerful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chirp"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cheering;
enlivening.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He takes his <i>chirping</i> pint, he cracks his
jokes.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chirp"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
chirping manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chirre</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>girren</i>, AS. <i>corian</i> to murmur, complain. &radic;24.]
<def>To coo, as a pigeon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chir"rup</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chirruped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chirruping</u>.] [See <u>Chirp</u>.] <def>To
quicken or animate by chirping; to cherup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chir"rup</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
chirp.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The criket <i>chirrups</i> on the hearth.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chir"rup</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
chirping; a chirp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sparrows' <i>chirrup</i> on the roof.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chir"rupy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cheerful;
joyous; chatty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*rur"geon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chirurgien</i>, from <i>chirurgie</i> surgery, fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; working or operating with the hand; <grk>chei`r</grk>
hand + &?; work. Cf. <u>Surgeon</u>, <u>Work</u>.] <def>A
surgeon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chi*rur"geon*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Surgically.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chi*rur"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chirurgeon</u>, and cf. <u>Surgery</u>.] <def>Surgery.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Chi*rur"gic</hw> (?), <hw>Chirur"gical</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>chirurgique</i>rurgical, L.
<i>Chirurgicus</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Chirurgeon</u>, and cf.
<u>Surgical</u>.] <def>Surgical</def> [Obs.] "<i>Chirurgical</i>
lore"  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><! p. 250 !></p>

<p><hw>Chis"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>chisel</i>,
F. <i>ciseau</i>, fr. LL. <i>cisellus</i>, prob. for
<i>caesellus</i>, fr. L. <i>caesus</i>, p. p. of <i>caedere</i>
to cut. Cf. <u>Scissors</u>.] <def>A tool with a cutting edge on
one end of a metal blade, used in dressing, shaping, or working
in timber, stone, metal, etc.; -- usually driven by a mallet or
hammer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cold chisel</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cold</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Chis"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chiseled</u> (?), or <u>Chiselled</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Chiseling</u>, or
<u>Chiselling</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>ciseler</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cut, pare, gouge, or engrave with a chisel; as, to
<i>chisel</i> a block of marble into a statue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut close, as in a bargain; to
cheat.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Chis"leu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.] <def>The
ninth month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, answering to a
part of November with a part of December.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chis"ley</hw> (ch&ibreve;z"l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ceosel</i> gravel or sand. Cf.
<u>Chessom</u>.] <def>Having a large admixture of small pebbles
or gravel; -- said of a soil.</def>  <i>Gardner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chit</hw> (ch&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>c&imacr;&eth;</i> shoot, sprig, from the same root as
<i>c&imacr;nan</i> to yawn. See <u>Chink</u> a cleft.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The embryo or the growing bud of a plant;
a shoot; a sprout; as, the <i>chits</i> of Indian corn or of
potatoes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A child or babe; as, a forward
<i>chit</i>; also, a young, small, or insignificant person or
animal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A little <i>chit</i> of a woman.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An excrescence on the body, as a
wart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small tool used in cleaving
laths.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shoot out; to
sprout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have known barley <i>chit</i> in seven hours
after it had been thrown forth.<BR>
<i>Mortimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chit</hw>, <pos><i>3d sing.</i></pos> of <u>Chide</u>.
<def>Chideth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chit"chat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Chat</u>, by way of reduplication.] <def>Familiar or trifling
talk; prattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chiton</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white amorphous horny
substance forming the harder part of the outer integument of
insects, crustacea, and various other invertebrates;
entomolin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi`ti*ni*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
process of becoming chitinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi"ti*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
nature of chitin; consisting of, or containing, chitin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chi"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a chiton
(in sense 1).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An under garment among the
ancient Greeks, nearly representing the modern shirt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a group of
gastropod mollusks, with a shell composed of eight movable dorsal
plates. See <u>Polyplacophora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Chatter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To chirp in a tremulous
manner, as a bird.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shiver or chatter with cold.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chit"ter*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
frill to the breast of a shirt, which when ironed out resembled
the small entrails. See <u>Chitterlings</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chit"ter*lings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>cwi&thorn;</i> womb, Icel. <i>kvi&eth;</i>, Goth.
<i>qi&thorn;us</i>, belly, womb, stomach, G. <i>kutteln</i>
chitterlings.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>The smaller intestines of
swine, etc., fried for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chit"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native Indian
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The axis deer of India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chit"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of chits or sprouts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Childish; like a babe.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chiv"a*chie`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chevauchie</i>, <i>chevauch&eacute;e</i>; of the same origin
as E. <i>cavalcade</i>.] <def>A cavalry raid; hence, a military
expedition.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chiv"al*ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chivalry</u>.] <def>Relating to chivalry; knightly;
chivalrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chiv"al*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>chevalerus</i>, <i>chevalereus</i>, fr. <i>chevalier</i>. See
<u>Chivalry</u>.] <def>Pertaining to chivalry or knight-errantry;
warlike; heroic; gallant; high-spirited; high-minded;
magnanimous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In brave pursuit of <i>chivalrous</i> emprise.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chiv"al*rous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
chivalrous manner; gallantly; magnanimously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chiv"al*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chevalerie</i>, fr. <i>chevalier</i> knight, OF., horseman.
See <u>Chevalier</u>, and cf. <u>Cavalry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A body or order of cavaliers or knights serving on
horseback; illustrious warriors, collectively; cavalry.</def>
"His Memphian <i>chivalry</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By his light<BR>
Did all the <i>chivalry</i> of England move,<BR>
To do brave acts.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dignity or system of knighthood;
the spirit, usages, or manners of knighthood; the practice of
knight-errantry.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The qualifications or character of
knights, as valor, dexterity in arms, courtesy, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The glory of our Troy this day doth lie<BR>
On his fair worth and single <i>chivalry</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A tenure of lands by
knight's service; that is, by the condition of a knight's
performing service on horseback, or of performing some noble or
military service to his lord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Exploit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Court of chivalry</b></col>, <cd>a court formerly held
before the lord high constable and earl marshal of England as
judges, having cognizance of contracts and other matters relating
to deeds of arms and war.</cd>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
filament of a stamen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cive</i>, fr.
L. <i>cepa</i>, <i>caepa</i>, onion. Cf. <u>Cives</u>,
<u>Cibol</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A perennial plant (<i>Allium
Sch&oelig;noprasum</i>), allied to the onion. The young leaves
are used in omelets, etc.</def> [Written also <i>cive</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Chiv"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chivied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chivying</u>.] [Cf. <u>Chevy</u>.] <def>To goad,
drive, hunt, throw, or pitch.</def> [Slang, Eng.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chlam"y*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>chlamydatus</i> dressed in a military cloak. See
<u>Chlamys</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a mantle; --
applied to certain gastropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlam"y*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
cloak + &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small South
American edentate (<i>Chlamyphorus truncatus</i>, and <i>C.
retusus</i>) allied to the armadillo. It is covered with a
leathery shell or coat of mail, like a cloak, attached along the
spine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chla"mys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Chlamyses</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Chlamydes</b></plw>
(#). [L., from Gr. &?;.] <def>A loose and flowing outer garment,
worn by the ancient Greeks; a kind of cloak.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chlo*as"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to be
green.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cutaneous affection characterized by
yellow or yellowish brown pigmented spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Chlor</i>ine +
<i>al</i>cohol.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
colorless oily liquid, CCl<sub>3</sub>.CHO, of a pungent odor and
harsh taste, obtained by the action of chlorine upon ordinary or
ethyl alcohol.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Chloral
hydrate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chloral hydrate</b></col>, <cd>a white crystalline
substance, obtained by treating chloral with water. It produces
sleep when taken internally or hypodermically; -- called also
<i>chloral</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ral*am`ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Chloral</i> + <i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound
of chloral and formic amide used to produce sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ral*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A morbid condition of the system resulting from excessive
use of chloral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlor`al"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Chlor</i>ine + <i>alum</i>inium.] <def>An impure aqueous
solution of chloride of aluminium, used as an antiseptic and
disinfectant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlor`an"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Chlor</i>ine + <i>anil</i>ine.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow
crystalline substance, C<sub>6</sub>Cl<sub>4</sub>.O<sub>2</sub>,
regarded as a derivative of quinone, obtained by the action of
chlorine on certain benzene derivatives, as aniline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chlorate</i>. See <u>Chlorine</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt
of chloric acid; as, <i>chlorate</i> of potassium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlor`au"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Chlor</i>ine + <i>aurate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Aurochloride</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlor`hy"dric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Chlor</i>ine + <i>hydr</i>ogen + <i>-ic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Hydrochloric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlor`hy"drin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a class of compounds formed from
certain polybasic alcohols (and especially glycerin) by the
substitution of chlorine for one or more hydroxyl
groups.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Chlorine</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, chlorine;
-- said of those compounds of chlorine in which this element has
a valence of five, or the next to its highest; as, <i>chloric</i>
acid, HClO<sub>3</sub>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chloric ether</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>ethylene
dichloride. See <i>Dutch liquid</i>, under <u>Dutch</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ri*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
treat or prepare with a chloride, as a plate with chloride of
silver, for the purposes of photography.</def>  <i>R.
Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A binary compound of chlorine with another element or
radical; as, <i>chloride</i> of sodium (common salt).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chloride of ammonium</b></col>, <cd>sal ammoniac.</cd>
-- <col><b>Chloride of lime</b></col>, <cd>bleaching powder; a
grayish white substance, CaOCl<sub>2</sub>, used in bleaching and
disinfecting; -- called more properly <i>calcium
hypochlorite</i>. See <i>Hypochlorous acid</i>, under
<u>Hypochlorous</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mercuric chloride</b></col>,
<cd>corrosive sublimate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chlo*rid"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a chloride; containing a chloride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"rid*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chloridate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo*rim"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chlorometry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"rin*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chlorinated</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Chlorinating</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To treat, or cause to combine, with
chlorine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo`ri*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act or process of subjecting anything to the action of chlorine;
especially, a process for the extraction of gold by exposure of
the auriferous material to chlorine gas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; pale
green, greenish yellow. So named from its color. See
<u>Yellow</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the elementary
substances, commonly isolated as a greenish yellow gas, two and
one half times as heavy as air, of an intensely disagreeable
suffocating odor, and exceedingly poisonous. It is abundant in
nature, the most important compound being common salt. It is
powerful oxidizing, bleaching, and disinfecting agent. Symbol Cl.
Atomic weight, 35.4.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chlorine family</b></col>, <cd>the elements fluorine,
chlorine, bromine, and iodine, called the <i>halogens</i>, and
classed together from their common peculiarities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chlor`i*od"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Compounded of chlorine and iodine; containing chlorine and
iodine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlor`i"o*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
compound of chlorine and iodine.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Chlo"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; (sc.
&?;), fr. <grk>chlwro`s</grk> light green.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>The name of a group of minerals, usually of a green color
and micaceous to granular in structure. They are hydrous
silicates of alumina, iron, and magnesia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chlorite slate</b></col>, <cd>a schistose or slaty
rock consisting of alumina, iron, and magnesia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"rite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Chlor</i>ous +
<i>-ite</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any salt of chlorous acid; as,
<i>chlorite</i> of sodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo*rit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 1st
<u>Chlorite</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or containing, chlorite;
as, <i>chloritic</i> sand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlor`meth"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless gas, CH<sub>3</sub>Cl, of a sweet
odor, easily condensed to a liquid; -- called also <i>methyl
chloride</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ro-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix denoting
that <i>chlorine</i> is an ingredient in the substance
named.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo`ro*cru"o*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chlwro`s</grk> light green + E. <i>cruorin</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A green substance, supposed to be the
cause of the green color of the blood in some species of
worms.</def>  <i>Ray Lankester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ro*dyne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>chlor</i>ine, in imitation of ano<i>dyne</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A patent anodyne medicine, containing opium, chloroform,
Indian hemp, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ro*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Chlor</i>ine + <i>form</i>yl, it having been regarded as a
trichloride of this radical: cf. F. <i>chloroforme</i>, G.
<i>chloroform</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless volatile
liquid, CHCl<sub>3</sub>, having an ethereal odor and a sweetish
taste, formed by treating alcohol with chlorine and an alkali. It
is a powerful solvent of wax, resin, etc., and is extensively
used to produce an&aelig;sthesia in surgical operations; also
externally, to alleviate pain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ro*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chloroformed</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Chloroforming</u>.] <def>To
treat with chloroform, or to place under its influence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo`ro*leu"cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chlwro`s</grk> light green + E. <i>leucite</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Chloroplastid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chlorom&egrave;tre</i>. See <u>Chlorine</u>, and <u>-
meter</u>.] <def>An instrument to test the decoloring or
bleaching power of chloride of lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo*rom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
process of testing the bleaching power of any combination of
chlorine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo*ro"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chlwro`s</grk> light green + E. <i>opal</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A massive mineral, greenish in color, and opal-like in
appearance. It is essentially a hydrous silicate of
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo`ro*pep"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Chlor</i>ine + <i>peptic</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to an acid more generally called <i>pepsin-
hydrochloric acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ro*phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chlwro`s</grk> light green + &?; to show: cf. F.
<i>chlorophane</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
variety of fluor spar, which, when heated, gives a beautiful
emerald green light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The yellowish green
pigment in the inner segment of the cones of the retina. See
<u>Chromophane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ro*phyll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chlwro`s</grk> light green + <grk>fy`llon</grk> leaf: cf. F.
<i>chlorophylle</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Literally, leaf green; a
green granular matter formed in the cells of the leaves (and
other parts exposed to light) of plants, to which they owe their
green color, and through which all ordinary assimilation of plant
food takes place. Similar chlorophyll granules have been found in
the tissues of the lower animals.</def> [Written also
<i>chlorophyl</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Chlo`ro*plas"tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chlwro`s</grk> light green + E. <i>plastid</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A granule of chlorophyll; -- also called
<i>chloroleucite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo`ro*pla*tin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Platinichloric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chlo*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>chlwro`s</grk> light green: cf. F. <i>chlorose</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The green sickness; an
an&aelig;mic disease of young women, characterized by a greenish
or grayish yellow hue of the skin, weakness, palpitation,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A disease in plants,
causing the flowers to turn green or the leaves to lose their
normal green color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo*rot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chlorotique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or affected by,
chlorosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chlo"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chlorine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
derived from, chlorine; -- said of those compounds of chlorine in
which this element has a valence of three, the next lower than in
chloric compounds; as, <i>chlorous</i> acid,
HClO<sub>2</sub>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem. Physics)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or resembling, the electro-negative character of chlorine; hence,
electro-negative; -- opposed to <i>basylous</i> or
<i>zincous</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chlor`pi"crin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A heavy, colorless liquid,
CCl<sub>3</sub>.NO<sub>2</sub>, of a strong pungent odor,
obtained by subjecting picric acid to the action of
chlorine.</def> [Written also <i>chloropikrin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ru*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chlorure</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A chloride.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Choak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Choke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho"a*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; funnel
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Funnel-shaped; -- applied
particularly to a hollow muscle attached to the ball of the eye
in many reptiles and mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho"card</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chock</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chocked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chocking</u>.] <def>To stop or fasten, as with a
wedge, or block; to scotch; as, to <i>chock</i> a wheel or
cask.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chock</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fill up, as a
cavity.</def> "The woodwork . . . exactly <i>chocketh</i> into
joints."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
wedge, or block made to fit in any space which it is desired to
fill, esp. something to steady a cask or other body, or prevent
it from moving, by fitting into the space around or beneath
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A heavy casting of
metal, usually fixed near the gunwale. It has two short horn-
shaped arms curving inward, between which ropes or hawsers may
pass for towing, mooring, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chock</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Entirely; quite; as, <i>chock</i> home; <i>chock</i>
aft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>choquer</i>.
Cf. <u>Shock</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
encounter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An encounter.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chock"a*block</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Hoisted as high as the tackle will admit;
brought close together, as the two blocks of a tackle in
hoisting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chock"-full`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Quite
full; choke-full.</def></p>

<p><hw>Choc"o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr. the
Mexican name of the cacao. Cf. <u>Cacao</u>, <u>Cocoa</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A paste or cake composed of the roasted
seeds of the <i>Theobroma Cacao</i> ground and mixed with other
ingredients, usually sugar, and cinnamon or vanilla.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The beverage made by dissolving a
portion of the paste or cake in boiling water or milk.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chocolate house</b></col>, <cd>a house in which
customers may be served with chocolate.</cd> -- <col><b>Chocolate
nut</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Cacao</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Choc"taws</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; <i>sing.</i>
<singw><b>Choctaw</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
North American Indians (Southern Appalachian), in early times
noted for their pursuit of agriculture, and for living at peace
with the white settlers. They are now one of the civilized tribes
of the Indian Territory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chode</hw> (ch&omacr;d), <def>the old
<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <i>chide</i>. See
<u>Chide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chog"set</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Cunner</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 251 !></p>

<p><hw>Choice</hw> (chois), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>chois</i>, OF. <i>chois</i>, F. <i>choix</i>, fr.
<i>choisir</i> to choose; of German origin; cf. Goth.
<i>kausjan</i> to examine, <i>kiusan</i> to choose, examine, G.
<i>kiesen</i>. &radic;46. Cf. <u>Choose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act of choosing; the voluntary act of selecting or
separating from two or more things that which is preferred; the
determination of the mind in preferring one thing to another;
election.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power or opportunity of choosing;
option.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Choice</i> there is not, unless the thing which
we take be so in our power that we might have refused it.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Care in selecting; judgment or skill
in distinguishing what is to be preferred, and in giving a
preference; discrimination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I imagine they [the apothegms of C&aelig;sar] were
collected with judgment and <i>choice</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sufficient number to choose
among.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The thing or person chosen; that which
is approved and selected in preference to others;
selection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The common wealth is sick of their own
<i>choice</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The best part; that which is
preferable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flower and <i>choice</i><BR>
Of many provinces from bound to bound.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To make a choice of</b></col>, <cd>to choose; to
select; to separate and take in preference.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> - See <u>Volition</u>, <u>Option</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Choice</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Choicer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Choicest</u> (?).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Worthly of being chosen or preferred;
select; superior; precious; valuable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>choicest</i> hours of life are lost.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Preserving or using with care, as
valuable; frugal; -- used with <i>of</i>; as, to be <i>choice</i>
of time, or of money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Selected with care, and due attention
to preference; deliberately chosen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Choice</i> word measured phrase.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> - Select; precious; exquisite; uncommon; rare;
chary; careful/</p>

<p><hw>Choice"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making
choices; fickle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>choiceful</i> sense with every change doth
fit.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Choice"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>With care in choosing; with nice regard to preference.</def>
"A band of men collected <i>choicely</i>, from each county some."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a preferable or excellent manner;
excellently; eminently.</def> "<i>Choicely</i> good."
<i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Choice"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being of particular value or worth; nicely; excellence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Choir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>quer</i>, OF.
<i>cuer</i>, F. <i>ch&oelig;ur</i>, fr. L. <i>chorus</i> a choral
dance, chorus, choir, fr. Gr. &?;, orig. dancing place; prob.
akin to &?; inclosure, L. <i>hortus</i> garden, and E.
<i>yard</i>. See <u>Chorus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A band
or organized company of singers, especially in church
service.</def> [Formerly written also <i>quire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of a church appropriated to
the singers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The chancel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Choir organ</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>one of the
three or five distinct organs included in the full organ, each
separable from the rest, but all controlled by one performer; a
portion of the full organ, complete in itself, and more
practicable for ordinary service and in the accompanying of the
vocal choir.</cd> -- <col><b>Choir screen</b></col>,
<col><b>Choir wall</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a screen or low
wall separating the choir from the aisles.</cd> -- <col><b>Choir
service</b></col>, <cd>the service of singing performed by the
choir.</cd>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Choke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Choked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Choking</u>.] [OE. <i>cheken</i>, <i>choken</i>; cf. AS.
<i>&amacr;ceocian</i> to suffocate, Icel. <i>koka</i> to gulp, E.
<i>chincough</i>, <i>cough</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
render unable to breathe by filling, pressing upon, or squeezing
the windpipe; to stifle; to suffocate; to strangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With eager feeding food doth <i>choke</i> the
feeder.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obstruct by filling up or clogging
any passage; to block up.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hinder or check, as growth,
expansion, progress, etc.; to stifle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oats and darnel <i>choke</i> the rising corn.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To affect with a sense of
strangulation by passion or strong feeling.</def> "I was
<i>choked</i> at this word."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make a choke, as in a cartridge, or
in the bore of the barrel of a shotgun.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To choke off</b></col>, <cd>to stop a person in the
execution of a purpose; as, <i>to choke off</i> a speaker by
uproar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Choke</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To have the windpipe stopped; to have a spasm of the throat,
caused by stoppage or irritation of the windpipe; to be
strangled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be checked, as if by choking; to
stick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The words <i>choked</i> in his throat.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Choke</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
stoppage or irritation of the windpipe, producing the feeling of
strangulation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
tied end of a cartridge.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
constriction in the bore of a shotgun, case of a rocket,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Choke"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The small apple-shaped or pear-shaped fruit of an American
shrub (<i>Pyrus arbutifolia</i>) growing in damp thickets; also,
the shrub.</def></p>

<p><hw>Choke"cher`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The astringent fruit of a species of wild cherry (<i>Prunus
Virginiana</i>); also, the bush or tree which bears such
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Choke" damp`</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Carbonic acid</i>,
under <u>Carbonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cho`ke*dar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hindi
<i>chauk&imacr;-d&amacr;r</i>.] <def>A watchman; an officer of
customs or police.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Choke"-full`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full to
the brim; quite full; chock-full.</def></p>

<p><hw>Choke" pear`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of
pear that has a rough, astringent taste, and is swallowed with
difficulty, or which contracts the mucous membrane of the
mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sarcasm by which one is put to
silence; anything that can not be answered.</def> [Low]  <i>S.
Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chok"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, chokes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stiff wide cravat; a stock.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Choke"-strap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Saddlery)</i> <def>A strap leading from the bellyband to the
lower part of the collar, to keep the collar in place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chok"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That chokes; producing the feeling of
strangulation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indistinct in utterance, as the voice
of a person affected with strong emotion.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chok"y Chok"ey</hw> } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending to choke or suffocate, or having
power to suffocate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to choke, as a person
affected with strong emotion.</def> "A deep and <i>choky</i>
voice."  <i>Aytoun.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The allusion to his mother made Tom feel rather
<i>chokey</i>.<BR>
<i>T. Hughes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cho*l&aelig;"ma*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; bile + &?; blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease
characterized by severe nervous symptoms, dependent upon the
presence of the constituents of the bile in the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chol"a*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
bile + &?; leading, &?; to lead: cf. F. <i>cholagogue</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Promoting the discharge of bile from the
system.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An agent which
promotes the discharge of bile from the system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bile.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of cholic acid; as, sodium
<i>cholate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chol`e*cys"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; bile + &?; bladder.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The gall
bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chol`e*cys*tot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cholecystis</i> + Gr. &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The
operation of making an opening in the gall bladder, as for the
removal of a gallstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chol`e*dol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
bile + <i>-logy</i>. Cf. F. <i>chol&eacute;dologie</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A treatise on the bile and bilary
organs.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Littr&eacute; says that the word
<i>chol&eacute;dologie</i> is absolutely barbarous, there being
no Greek word &?;. A proper form would be <i>cholology</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Cho*le"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, bile; as,
<i>choleic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chol"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>coler</i>,
F. <i>col&egrave;re</i> anger, L. <i>cholera</i> a bilious
complaint, fr. Gr. &?; cholera, fr. &?;, &?;, bile. See
<u>Gall</u>, and cf. <u>Cholera</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
bile; -- formerly supposed to be the seat and cause of
irascibility.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His [Richard Hooker's] complexion . . . was
sanguine, with a mixture of <i>choler</i>; and yet his motion was
slow.<BR>
<i>I. Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Irritation of the passions; anger;
wrath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is rash and very sudden in <i>choler</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chol"er*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a bilious
disease. See <u>Choler</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>One of several
diseases affecting the digestive and intestinal tract and more or
less dangerous to life, esp. the one commonly called <i>Asiatic
cholera</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Asiatic cholera</b></col>, <cd>a malignant and rapidly
fatal disease, originating in Asia and frequently epidemic in the
more filthy sections of other lands, to which the germ or
specific poison may have been carried. It is characterized by
diarrhea, rice-water evacuations, vomiting, cramps, pinched
expression, and lividity, rapidly passing into a state of
collapse, followed by death, or by a stage of reaction of
fever.</cd> -- <col><b>Cholera bacillus</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Comma bacillus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cholera
infantum</b></col>, <cd>a dangerous summer disease, of infants,
caused by hot weather, bad air, or poor milk, and especially
fatal in large cities.</cd> -- <col><b>Cholera morbus</b></col>,
<cd>a disease characterized by vomiting and purging, with
gripings and cramps, usually caused by imprudence in diet or by
gastrointestinal disturbance.</cd> -- <col><b>Chicken
cholera</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Chicken</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hog cholera</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Hog</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sporadic cholera</b></col>, <cd>a disease somewhat
resembling the Asiatic cholera, but originating where it occurs,
and rarely becoming epidemic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chol`er*a"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to, or resulting from, or resembling, cholera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chol"er*ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cholericus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>chol&eacute;rique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with, or producing choler, or
bile.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Easily irritated; irascible; inclined
to anger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Angry; indicating anger; excited by
anger.</def> "<i>Choleric</i> speech."  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Choleric temperament</b></col>, <cd>the bilious
temperament.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chol"er*ic*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
choleric manner; angrily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chol"er*i*form`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cholera</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Resembling
cholera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chol"er*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The precursory symptoms of
cholera.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The first stage of
epidemic cholera.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A mild form of
cholera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chol"er*oid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cholera</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <def>Choleriform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho`les*ter"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cholest&eacute;rique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to cholesterin, or
obtained from it; as, <i>cholesteric</i> acid.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cho*les"ter*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
bile + &?; stiff fat: F. <i>cholest&eacute;rine</i>. See
<u>Stearin</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, fatty, crystalline
substance, tasteless and odorless, found in animal and plant
products and tissue, and especially in nerve tissue, in the bile,
and in gallstones.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cho"li*amb</hw> (?), <hw>Cho`li*am"bic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>choliambus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; lame +
&?; an iambus.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A verse having an iambus in
the fifth place, and a spondee in the sixth or last.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chol"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Cho*lin"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from &?; bile.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, the
bile.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cholic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a complex
organic acid found as a natural constituent of taurocholic and
glycocholic acids in the bile, and extracted as a resinous
substance, convertible under the influence of ether into white
crystals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cho"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bile.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Neurine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chol"o*chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, bile + &?; color.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Bilirubin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chol`o*ph&aelig;"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;, &?;, bile + &?; dusky.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Bilirubin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chol"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Hindoo
caravansary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chomp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To chew
loudly and greedily; to champ.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U. S.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chon`dri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Formation of, or conversion into,
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon"dri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?; cartilage + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To convert, or be converted,
into cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon"dri*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
cartilage + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>The
chemical basis of cartilage, converted by long boiling in water
into a gelatinous body called chondrin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon*drig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
cartilage + <i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Affording
chondrin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon"drin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
cartilage.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, amorphous,
nitrogenous substance, tasteless and odorless, formed from
cartilaginous tissue by long-continued action of boiling water.
It is similar to gelatin, and is a large ingredient of commercial
gelatin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon"drite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a grain
(of wheat or spelt), cartilage.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A meteoric
stone characterized by the presence of chondrules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon*drit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Granular; pertaining to, or having the granular structure
characteristic of, the class of meteorites called
chondrites.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chon*dri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; cartilage + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
inflammation of cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon"dro-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; a grain (of wheat or spelt),
cartilage.] <def>A combining form meaning <i>a grain</i>,
<i>granular</i>, <i>granular cartilage</i>, <i>cartilaginous</i>;
as, the <i>chondro</i>cranium, the cartilaginous skull of the
lower vertebrates and of embryos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon"dro*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
grain (of wheat or spelt), cartilage.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
fluosilicate of magnesia and iron, yellow to red in color, often
occurring in granular form in a crystalline limestone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chon`dro*ga*noi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; cartilage + NL. <i>ganoidei</i>. See
<u>Ganoid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of ganoid
fishes, including the sturgeons; -- so called on account of their
cartilaginous skeleton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon"dro*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
cartilage + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Chondrigen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon`dro*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
cartilage + <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The
development of cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon"droid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
cartilage + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon*drol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
cartilage + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>chondrologie</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The science which treats of cartilages.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Chon*dro"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chondromata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; cartilage +
<i>-oma</i>.] <def>A cartilaginous tumor or growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon*drom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
grain (of wheat or spelt), cartilage + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>A
steelyard for weighting grain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon*drop`ter*yg"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>chondropterygien</i>.] <def>Having a cartilaginous
skeleton.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Chondropterygii.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chon*drop`te*ryg"i*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; cartilage + &?;, &?;, wing, fin.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of fishes, characterized by
cartilaginous fins and skeleton. It includes both ganoids
(sturgeons, etc.) and selachians (sharks), but is now often
restricted to the latter.</def> [Written also
<i>Chondropterygia</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Chon*dros"te*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; cartilage + &?; bone.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of fishes, including the sturgeons; -- so named because the
skeleton is cartilaginous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon*drot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; +
&?; a cutting.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The dissection of
cartilages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chon"drule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. from Gr.
&?; a grain (of wheat or spelt), cartilage.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
peculiar rounded granule of some mineral, usually enstatite or
chrysolite, found imbedded more or less abundantly in the mass of
many meteoric stones, which are hence called
<i>chondrites</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Choose</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Chose</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Chosen</u> (?), <u>Chose</u> (Obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Choosing</u>.] [OE. <i>chesen</i>,
<i>cheosen</i>, AS. <i>ce&oacute;san</i>; akin to OS.
<i>kiosan</i>, D. <i>kiezen</i>, G. <i>kiesen</i>, Icel.
<i>kj&omacr;sa</i>, Goth. <i>kiusan</i>, L. <i>gustare</i> to
taste, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>jush</i> to enjoy. &radic;46. Cf.
<u>Choice</u>, 2d <u>Gust</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
choice of; to select; to take by way of preference from two or
more objects offered; to elect; as, to <i>choose</i> the least of
two evils.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Choose</i> me for a humble friend.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wish; to desire; to prefer.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The landlady now returned to know if we did not
<i>choose</i> a more genteel apartment.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To choose sides</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Side</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> - To select; prefer; elect; adopt; follow.  -- To
<u>Choose</u>, <u>Prefer</u>, <u>Elect</u>. To <i>choose</i> is
the generic term, and denotes to take or fix upon by an act of
the will, especially in accordance with a decision of the
judgment. To <i>prefer</i> is to choose or favor one thing as
compared with, and more desirable than, another, or more in
accordance with one's tastes and feelings. To <i>elect</i> is to
choose or select for some office, employment, use, privilege,
etc., especially by the concurrent vote or voice of a sufficient
number of electors. To <i>choose</i> a profession; to
<i>prefer</i> private life to a public one; to <i>elect</i>
members of Congress.</p>

<p><hw>Choose</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a selection; to decide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They had only to <i>choose</i> between implicit
obedience and open rebellion.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do otherwise.</def> "Can I
<i>choose</i> but smile?"  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Can not choose but</b></col>, <cd>must
necessarily.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>canst not choose but</i> know who I
am.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Choos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
chooses; one who has the power or right of choosing; an
elector.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chopping</u>.] [Cf. LG. &amp; D. <i>kappen</i>, Dan.
<i>kappe</i>, Sw. <i>kappa</i>. Cf. <u>Chap</u> to crack.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut by striking repeatedly with a
sharp instrument; to cut into pieces; to mince; -- often with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 252 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sever or separate by one more blows
of a sharp instrument; to divide; -- usually with <i>off</i> or
<i>down</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Chop</i> off your hand, and it to the king.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To seize or devour greedily; -- with
<i>up</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the opening of his mouth he drops his
breakfast, which the fox presently <i>chopped</i> up.<BR>
<i>L'estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a quick strike, or repeated strokes, with an ax or
other sharp instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do something suddenly with an
unexpected motion; to catch or attempt to seize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Out of greediness to get both, he <i>chops</i> at
the shadow, and loses the substance.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To interrupt; -- with <i>in</i> or
<i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This fellow interrupted the sermon, even suddenly
<i>chopping</i> in.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>koopen</i>
to buy. See <u>Cheapen</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Chap</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, to buy.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To barter or truck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exchange; substitute one thing for
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We go on <i>chopping</i> and changing our
friends.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To chop logic</b></col>, <cd>to dispute with an
affected use of logical terms; to argue sophistically.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To purchase by way of truck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To vary or shift
suddenly; as, the wind <i>chops</i> about.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wrangle; to altercate; to bandy
words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not the counsel at the bar <i>chop</i> with
the judge.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A change; a
vicissitude.</def>  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To crack. See
<u>Chap</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Chop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of chopping; a stroke.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece chopped off; a slice or small
piece, especially of meat; as, a mutton <i>chop</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A crack or cleft. See
<u>Chap</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Chap</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A jaw of an animal; -- commonly in the
<i>pl.</i> See <u>Chops</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A movable jaw or cheek, as of a wooden
vise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The land at each side of the mouth of
a river, harbor, or channel; as, East <i>Chop</i> or West
<i>Chop</i>. See <u>Chops</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. &amp; Hind.
<i>ch&amacr;p</i> stamp, brand.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quality; brand; as, silk of the first
<i>chop</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A permit or clearance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chop dollar</b></col>, <cd>a silver dollar stamped to
attest its purity.</cd> -- <col><b>chop of tea</b></col>, <cd>a
number of boxes of the same make and quality of leaf.</cd> --
<col><b>Chowchow chop</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Chowchow</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Grand chop</b></col>, <cd>a
ship's port clearance.</cd>  <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chop"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin.
<i>chop</i> sort, quality.] <def>A licensed lighter employed in
the transportation of goods to and from vessels.</def> [China]
<i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chop"church`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chop</u> to barter.] <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>An exchanger
or an exchange of benefices.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Chop`fall`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the lower chop or jaw depressed; hence, crestfallen; dejected;
dispirited; downcast. See <u>Chapfallen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chop"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house
where chops, etc., are sold; an eating house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The freedom of a <i>chophouse</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chop"house`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Chop</u>
quality.] <def>A customhouse where transit duties are
levied.</def> [China]  <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chop"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chopine</i>,
fr. G. <i>schoppen</i>.] <def>A liquid measure formerly used in
France and Great Britain, varying from half a pint to a wine
quart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chop"in</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chopine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho*pine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>chapin</i>, <i>escapin</i>, Sp. <i>chapin</i>, Pg.
<i>chapim</i>.] <def>A clog, or patten, having a very thick sole,
or in some cases raised upon a stilt to a height of a foot or
more.</def> [Variously spelt <i>chioppine</i>, <i>chopin</i>,
etc.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Your ladyship is nearer to heaven than when I saw
you last, by the altitude of a <i>chopine</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chop"-log`ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
bandies words or is very argumentative.</def> [Jocular]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chop"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
spade.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Chop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, chops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chop"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Chubby</u>.] <def>Stout or plump; large.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chop"ping</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Chop</u> to
barter.] <def>Shifting or changing suddenly, as the wind; also,
having tumbling waves dashing against each other; as, a
<i>chopping</i> sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chop"ping</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of cutting
by strokes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chopping block</b></col>, <cd>a solid block of wood on
which butchers and others chop meat, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Chopping knife</b></col>, <cd>a knife for chopping or
mincing meat, vegetables, etc.; -- usually with a handle at the
back of the blade instead of at the end.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chop"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Chappy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of cracks.</def>
"<i>Choppy</i> finger."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Chop</u> a change.] <def>Rough,
with short, tumultuous waves; as, a <i>choppy</i> sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chops</hw> (ch&obreve;ps), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chop</u> a jaw.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The jaws; also, the
fleshy parts about the mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sides or capes at the mouth of a
river, channel, harbor, or bay; as, the <i>chops</i> of the
English Channel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chop"stick"</hw> (ch&obreve;p"st&ibreve;k`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of two small sticks of wood, ivory,
etc., used by the Chinese and Japanese to convey food to the
mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho*rag"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a choragus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Choragic monument</b></col>, <cd>a building or column
built by a victorious choragus for the reception and exhibition
of the tripod which he received as a prize. Those of Lysicrates
and Thrasyllus are still to be seen at Athens.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Cho*ra"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Choragi</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;; &?; chorus
+ &?; to lead.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A chorus leader; esp.
one who provided at his own expense and under his own supervision
one of the choruses for the musical contents at Athens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>choralis</i>, fr. L. <i>chorus</i>. See <u>Chorus</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a choir or chorus; singing, sung, or
adapted to be sung, in chorus or harmony.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Choral service</b></col>, <cd>a service of
song.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cho"ral</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
hymn tune; a simple sacred tune, sung in unison by the
congregation; as, the Lutheran <i>chorals</i>.</def> [Sometimes
written <i>chorale</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cho"ral*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A singer
or composer of chorals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho"ral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of a chorus; adapted to be sung by a choir; in harmony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chord</hw> (k&ocirc;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L
<i>chorda</i> a gut, a string made of a gut, Gr.
<grk>chordh`</grk>. In the sense of a string or small rope, in
general, it is written <i>cord</i>. See <u>Cord</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The string of a musical instrument.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A combination of tones
simultaneously performed, producing more or less perfect harmony,
as, the common <i>chord</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A right line uniting
the extremities of the arc of a circle or curve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A cord. See
<u>Cord</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>The upper or lower
part of a truss, usually horizontal, resisting compression or
tension.</def>  <i>Waddell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Accidental, Common, &and; Vocal</b></col>
<col><b>chords</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Accidental</u>,
<u>Common</u>, and <u>Vocal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Chord of an
arch</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Arch</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Chord of curvature</b></col>, <cd>a chord drawn from any
point of a curve, in the circle of curvature for that point.</cd>
-- <col><b>Scale of chords</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Scale</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chord</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chorded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Chording</u>.] <def>To provide with musical chords or strings;
to string; to tune.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Jubal struck the <i>chorded</i> shell.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Even the solitary old pine tree <i>chords</i> his
harp.<BR>
<i>Beecher.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chord</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To
accord; to harmonize together; as, this note <i>chords</i> with
that.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chor"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>chorda</i>. See <u>Chord</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
cord.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Chorda dorsalis</b></col> (&?;). [NL., lit., cord of
the back.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <u>Notochord</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chor"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a chord.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chor*da"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>chorda</i> cord.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A comprehensive
division of animals including all Vertebrata together with the
Tunicata, or all those having a dorsal nervous cord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chor*dee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cord&eacute;</i>, <i>cord&eacute;e</i>, p. p. of <i>corder</i>
to cord.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A painful erection of the penis,
usually with downward curvature, occurring in
gonorrhea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same word as
<i>char</i> work done by the day.] <def>A small job; in the
<i>pl.</i>, the regular or daily light work of a household or
farm, either within or without doors.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Chore</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Choring</u>.] <def>To do chores.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Chore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A choir or
chorus.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cho*re"a</hw> (?). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; dance.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>St. Vitus's dance; a disease
attended with convulsive twitchings and other involuntary
movements of the muscles or limbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho*ree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chor&eacute;e</i>.] <def>See <u>Choreus</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cho`re*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Cho`re*graph"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
choregraphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho*reg"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [GR. &?;
d&?;nce + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The art of representing dancing
by signs, as music is represented by notes.</def>
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cho*re"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of, or pertaining to, chorea; convulsive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho`re*pis"co*pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to a chorepiscopus or his charge or
authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cho`re*pis"co*pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Chorepiscopi</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>chw^ros</grk>, <grk>chw`ra</grk>, place, country + &?;
bishop. Cf. <u>Bishop</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A "country" or
suffragan bishop, appointed in the ancient church by a diocesan
bishop to exercise episcopal jurisdiction in a rural
district.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cho*re"us</hw> (?), <hw>Cho*ree"</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>choreus</i>, Gr. &?;, prop. an adj.
meaning belonging to a chorus; cf. F. <i>chor&eacute;e</i>.]
<i>(Anc. Pros.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>a trochee.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tribrach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho"ri*amb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Choriambs</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Same as
<u>Choriambus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho`ri*am"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>choriambicus</i>, gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to a
choriamb.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
choriamb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho`ri*am"bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
L. <plw><b>Choriambi</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Choriambuses</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>choriambus</i>, Gr.
&?;; &?; a choreus + &?; iambus.] <i>(Anc. Pros.)</i> <def>A foot
consisting of four syllables, of which the first and last are
long, and the other short (- &ssmile; &ssmile; -); that is, a
choreus, or trochee, and an iambus united.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>choricus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
chorus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I remember a <i>choric</i> ode in the Hecuba.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cho"ri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
outer membrane which invests the fetus in the womb; also, the
similar membrane investing many ova at certain stages of
development.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The true skin, or
cutis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The outer membrane of
seeds of plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cho"ri*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; separation.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The separation of a leaf or
floral organ into two more parts.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In <i>collateral chorisis</i> the parts are side by
side. -- In <i>parallel</i> or <i>median chorisis</i> they are
one in front of another.</p>

<p><hw>Cho"rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>choriste</i>.] <def>A singer in a choir; a chorister.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Chor"is*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chorus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of a choir; a singer
in a chorus.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who leads a choir in church
music.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cho*ris"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Choric;
choral.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cho"ro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; place
+ <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for constructing triangles
in marine surveying, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho*rog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who describes or makes a map of a
district or region.</def> "The <i>chorographers</i> of Italy."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A geographical antiquary; one who
investigates the locality of ancient places.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho`ro*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to chorography.</def> --
<wf>Cho`ro*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cho*rog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>chorographia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; place + &?; to describe.]
<def>the mapping or description of a region or
district.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>chorography</i> of their provinces.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cho"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [gr. &?;; &?;
chorion + &?; form.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>resembling the chorion;
as, the <i>choroid</i> plexuses of the ventricles of the brain,
and the <i>choroid</i> coat of the eyeball.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The choroid coat of the eye. See
<u>Eye</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Choroid plexus</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of
the delicate fringelike processes, consisting almost entirely of
blood vessels, which project into the ventricles of the
brain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cho*roid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the choroid coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho*rol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; place
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The science which treats of
the laws of distribution of living organisms over the earth's
surface as to latitude, altitude, locality, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Its distribution or <i>chorology</i>.<BR>
<i>Huxley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cho*rom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
place + <i>-metry</i>.] <def>The art of surveying a region or
district.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Choruses</b></plw> (#). [L., a dance in a ring, a dance
accompanied with song; a chorus, a band of dancers and singers.
Gr. &?;. See <u>Choir</u>.] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A band of singers and
dancers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Grecian tragedy was at first nothing but a
<i>chorus</i> of singers.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Drama)</i> <def>A company of
persons supposed to behold what passed in the acts of a tragedy,
and to sing the sentiments which the events suggested in couplets
or verses between the acts; also, that which was thus sung by the
chorus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What the lofty, grave tragedians taught<BR>
In <i>chorus</i> or iambic.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An interpreter in a dumb show or
play.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A company of singers
singing in concert.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A composition of two or
more parts, each of which is intended to be sung by a number of
voices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Parts of a song or hymn
recurring at intervals, as at the end of stanzas; also, a company
of singers who join with the singer or choir in singer or choir
in singing such parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The simultaneous of a company in any
noisy demonstration; as, a <i>Chorus</i> of shouts and
catcalls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho"rus</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chorused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chorusing</u>.] <def>To sing in chorus; to
exclaim simultaneously.</def>  <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Chose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Choses</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. L. <i>causa</i> cause,
reason. See <u>Cause</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A thing; personal
property.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chose in action</b></col>, <cd>a thing of which one
has not possession or actual enjoyment, but only a right to it,
or a right to demand it by action at law, and which does not
exist at the time in specie; a personal right to a thing not
reduced to possession, but recoverable by suit at law; as a right
to recover money due on a contract, or damages for a tort, which
can not be enforced against a reluctant party without suit.</cd>
-- <col><b>Chose in possession</b></col>, <cd>a thing in
possession, as distinguished from a thing <i>in action</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Chose local</b></col>, <cd>a thing annexed to a place,
as a mill.</cd> -- <col><b>Chose transitory</b></col>, <cd>a
thing which is movable.</cd>  <i>Cowell. Blount.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Chose</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Choose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho"sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Choose</u>. <def>Selected from a number; picked out;
choice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seven hundred <i>chosen</i> men left-handed.<BR>
<i>Judg. xx. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cho"sen</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which is the object of choice or special favor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chou"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>One of
the royalist insurgents in western France (Brittany, etc.),
during and after the French revolution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>choughe</i>,
<i>kowe</i> (and cf. OE. <i>ca</i>), fr. AS. <i>ce&oacute;</i>;
cf. also D. <i>kauw</i>, OHG. <i>ch&amacr;ha</i>; perh. akin to
E. <i>caw</i>. &radic;22. Cf. <u>Caddow</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bird of the Crow family (<i>Fregilus graculus</i>) of
Europe. It is of a black color, with a long, slender, curved bill
and red legs; -- also called <i>chauk</i>, <i>chauk-daw</i>,
<i>chocard</i>, <i>Cornish chough</i>, <i>red-legged crow</i>.
The name is also applied to several allied birds, as the
<i>Alpine chough</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cornish chough</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>a bird
represented black, with red feet, and beak; -- called also
<i>aylet</i> and <i>sea swallow</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Chou"i*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The salmon of the Columbia River or
California. See <u>Quinnat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chou"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Indian four-horned antelope; the
chikara.</def></p>

<p><hw>Choule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Jowl</u>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Choul"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Choltry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chouse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Choused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chousing</u>.] [From Turk.
<i>ch&amacr;&umacr;sh</i> a messenger or interpreter, one of
whom, attached to the Turkish embassy, in 1609 cheated the
Turkish merchants resident in England out of &pound;4,000.]
<def>To cheat, trick, defraud; -- followed by <i>of</i>, or
<i>out of</i>; as, to <i>chouse</i> one out of his money.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The undertaker of the afore-cited poesy hath
<i>choused</i> your highness.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chouse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is easily cheated; a tool; a simpleton; a
gull.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trick; sham; imposition.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A swindler.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Chout</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mahratta
<i>chauth</i> one fourth part.] <def>An assessment equal to a
fourth part of the revenue.</def> [India]  <i>J. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chow"chow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Chin.]
<def>Consisting of several kinds mingled together; mixed; as,
<i>chowchow</i> sweetmeats (preserved fruits put
together).</def></p>

<p><! p. 253 !></p>

<p><col><b>Chowchow chop</b></col>, <cd>the last lighter
containing the small sundry packages sent off to fill up a
ship.</cd>  <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chow"chow`</hw> (chou"chou`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Com.)</i> <def>A kind of mixed pickles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chow"der</hw> (-d&etl;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>chaudi&egrave;re</i> a kettle, a pot. Cf. <u>Caldron</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A dish made of fresh
fish or clams, biscuit, onions, etc., stewed together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A seller of fish.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chowder beer</b></col>, <cd>a liquor made by boiling
black spruce in water and mixing molasses with the
decoction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chow"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a
chowder of.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chow"ry</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>chaunri</i>.] <def>A whisk to keep off files, used in the East
Indies.</def>  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chow"ter</hw> (-t&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
OE. <i>chowre</i>, and Prov. E. <i>chow</i>, to grumble.] <def>To
grumble or mutter like a froward child.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E.
Phillips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Choy" root`</hw> (choi" r&oomac;t`). <def>See <u>Chay
root</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chre`ma*tis"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
9sc. &?;) the art of traffic, fr. &?; goods, money, fr. &?; to
use.] <def>The science of wealth; the science, or a branch of the
science, of political economy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chre`o*tech"nics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
useful + &?; art.] <def>The science of the useful arts, esp.
agriculture, manufactures, and commerce.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Chres`to*math"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Teaching what is useful.</def> "A <i>chrestomathic</i>
school."  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chres*tom"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
&?; useful + &?;, &?;, to learn.] <def>A selection of passages,
with notes, etc., to be used in acquiring a language; as, a
Hebrew <i>chrestomathy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>crisme</i>,
from AS. <i>crisma</i>; also OE. <i>creme</i>, fr. OF.
<i>cresme</i>, like the AS. word fr. LL. <i>chrisma</i>, fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to anoint; perh. akin to L. <i>friare</i>,
<i>fricare</i>, to rub, Skr. <i>gharsh</i>, E. <i>friable</i>,
<i>friction</i>. Cf. <u>Chrisom</u>.] <i>(Gr. &amp; R. C.
Church&?;s)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Olive oil mixed with balm and spices,
consecrated by the bishop on Maundy Thursday, and used in the
administration of baptism, confirmation, ordination,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The same as <u>Chrisom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chris"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>chrismalis</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to or used in
chrism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chris*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>chrismatio</i>.] <def>The act of applying the chrism, or
consecrated oil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Chrismation</i> or cross-signing with ointment,
was used in baptism.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chris"ma*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>chrismatorium</i>.] <def>A cruet or vessel in which chrism is
kept.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chris"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chrism</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A white cloth, anointed with chrism,
or a white mantle thrown over a child when baptized or
christened.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A child which died within a month
after its baptism; -- so called from the chrisom cloth which was
used as a shroud for it.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Christ</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Christus</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; anointed, fr. <grk>chri`ein</grk> to anoint. See
<u>Chrism</u>.] <def><u>The Anointed</u>; an appellation given to
Jesus, the Savior.  It is synonymous with the Hebrew
<u>Messiah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Christ"cross`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The mark of the cross, as cut, painted,
written, or stamped on certain objects, -- sometimes as the sign
of 12 o'clock on a dial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fescue of the dial is upon the
<i>christcross</i> of noon.<BR>
<i>Old Play.   Nares.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The beginning and the ending.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Christ"cross-row`</hw> (?), <def>The alphabet; -- formerly
so called, either from the cross usually set before it, or from a
superstitious custom, sometimes practiced, of writing it in the
form of a cross, by way of a charm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From infant conning of the <i>Christcross-
row</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chris"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Christened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Christening</u>.] [AS. <i>cristnian</i> to make a
Christian, fr. <i>cristen</i> a Christian.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To baptize and give a Christian name
to.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a name; to denominate.</def>
"<i>Christen</i> the thing what you will."  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To Christianize.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To use for the first time.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Chris"ten*dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cristend&?;m</i>; <i>cristen</i> a Christian + <i>-dom</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The profession of faith in Christ by
baptism; hence, the Christian religion, or the adoption of
it.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The name received at baptism; or, more
generally, any name or appelation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pretty, fond, adoptious <i>christendoms</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That portion of the world in which
Christianity prevails, or which is governed under Christian
institutions, in distinction from heathen or Mohammedan
lands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Arian doctrine which then divided
<i>Christendom</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A wide and still widening <i>Christendom</i>.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The whole body of Christians.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chris"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>christianus</i>, Gr. &?;; cf. AS. <i>cristen</i>. See
<u>Christ</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who believes, or professes or is
assumed to believe, in Jesus Christ, and the truth as taught by
Him; especially, one whose inward and outward life is conformed
to the doctrines of Christ.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The disciples were called <i>Christians</i> first
in Antioch.<BR>
<i>Acts xi. 26.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One born in a Christian country or of
Christian parents, and who has not definitely becomes an adherent
of an opposing system.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of a Christian denomination which rejects human creeds as bases
of fellowship, and sectarian names. They are congregational in
church government, and baptize by immersion. They are also called
<i>Disciples of Christ</i>, and <i>Campbellites</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of a sect (called <i>Christian
Connection</i>) of open-communion immersionists. The Bible is
their only authoritative rule of faith and practice.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, often pronounced, but not by the members
of the sects, kr&imacr;s"ch<i>a</i>n.</p>

<p><hw>Chris"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to Christ or his religion; as,
<i>Christian</i> people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the church;
ecclesiastical; as, a <i>Christian</i> court.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of Christian people;
civilized; kind; kindly; gentle; beneficent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The graceful tact; the <i>Christian</i> art.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Christian Commission</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Commission</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Christian court</b></col>.
<cd>Same as <u>Ecclesiastical court</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Christian era</b></col>, <cd>the present era, commencing
with the birth of Christ. It is supposed that owing to an error
of a monk (Dionysius Exiguus, d. about 556) employed to calculate
the era, its commencement was fixed three or four years too late,
so that 1890 should be 1893 or 1894.</cd> -- <col><b>Christian
name</b></col>, <cd>the name given in baptism, as distinct from
the family name, or surname.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chris`tian*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>christianismus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>christianisme</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The Christian religion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Christian world;
Christendom.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson</i></p>

<p><hw>Chris"tian*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [In sense
(<sd><i>a</i></sd>) named after <i>Christian</i> Frederic, of
Denmark; in sense (<sd><i>b</i></sd>) after <i>Christian</i>
VII., of Denmark.] <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as
<u>Anorthite</u>.</def> [R.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>See
<u>Phillipsite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chris*tian"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cristiente</i>, OF. <i>cristient&eacute;</i>, F.
<i>chr&eacute;tient&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>christianitas</i>.
]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The religion of Christians; the system
of doctrines and precepts taught by Christ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Practical conformity of one's inward
and outward life to the spirit of the Christian
religion</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The body of Christian believers.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To Walys fled the <i>christianitee</i><BR>
Of olde Britons.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chris`tian*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act or process of converting or being converted to a
true Christianity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chris"tian*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Christianized</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Christianizing</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>christianiser</i>, L. <i>christianizare</i>, fr. Gr. &?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make Christian; to convert to
Christianity; as, to <i>Christianize</i> pagans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To imbue with or adapt to Christian
principles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Christianized</i> philosophers.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chris"tian*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To adopt
the character or belief of a Christian; to become
Christian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pagans began to <i>Christianize</i>.<BR>
<i>Latham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chris"tian*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Becoming to a Christian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A virtuous and a <i>Christianlike</i>
conclusion.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chris"tian*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner becoming the principles of the Christian
religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sufferings . . . patiently and <i>Christianly</i>
borne.<BR>
<i>Sharp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chris"tian*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Christianlike.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chris"tian*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Consonance
with the doctrines of Christianity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Christ"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
faith in Christ; unchristian.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Christ"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resembling Christ in character, actions, etc.</def> --
<wf>Christ"like`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Christ"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Christlike.</def>  <i>H. Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Christ"mas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Christ</i> +
<i>mass</i>.] <def>An annual church festival (December 25) and in
some States a legal holiday, in memory of the birth of Christ,
often celebrated by a particular church service, and also by
special gifts, greetings, and hospitality.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Christmas box</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A box
in which presents are deposited at Christmas.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A present or small gratuity given to
young people and servants at Christmas; a Christmas gift.</cd> --
<col><b>Christmas carol</b></col>, <cd>a carol sung at, or
suitable for, Christmas.</cd> -- <col><b>Christmas day</b></col>.
<cd>Same as <u>Christmas</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Christmas
eve</b></col>, <cd>the evening before Christmas.</cd> --
<col><b>Christmas fern</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an evergreen
North American fern (<i>Aspidium acrostichoides</i>), which is
much used for decoration in winter.</cd> -- <col><b>Christmas
flower</b></col>, <col><b>Christmas rose</b></col>, <cd>the black
hellebore, a poisonous plant of the buttercup family, which in
Southern Europe often produces beautiful roselike flowers
midwinter.</cd> -- <col><b>Christmas tree</b></col>, <cd>a small
evergreen tree, set up indoors, to be decorated with bonbons,
presents, etc., and illuminated on Christmas eve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Christ"mas*tide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Christmas</i> + <i>tide</i> time.] <def>The season of
Christmas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chris"to*cen"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Christ</i> + <i>centric</i>.] <def>Making Christ the center,
about whom all things are grouped, as in religion or history;
tending toward Christ, as the central object of thought or
emotion.</def>  <i>J. W. Chadwick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chris*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Crist</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A treatise on Christ; that
department of theology which treats of the personality,
attributes, or life of Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chris"tom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chrisom</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chris*toph"a*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Christ</i> + Gr. &?; to show.] <def>An appearance of Christ,
as to his disciples after the crucifixion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Christ's-thorn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of several prickly or thorny shrubs found
in Palestine, especially the <i>Paliurus aculeatus</i>,
<i>Zizyphus Spina-Christi</i>, and <i>Z. vulgaris</i>. The last
bears the fruit called <i>jujube</i>, and may be considered to
have been the most readily obtainable for the Crown of
Thorns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"ma*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
color + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An instrument for showing the
optical effects of color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chromate</i>. See <u>Chrome</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt
of chromic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>chromaticus</i>, Gr. &?;, suited for color, fr. &?;, &?;,
color; akin to &?; color, &?; skin, color of the skin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to color, or to
colors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Proceeding by the
smaller intervals (half steps or semitones) of the scale, instead
of the regular intervals of the diatonic scale.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The intermediate tones were formerly written and
printed in colors.</p>

<p><col><b>Chromatic aberration</b></col>. <i>(Opt.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Aberration</u>, <u>4</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Chromatic
printing</b></col>, <cd>printing from type or blocks covered with
inks of various colors.</cd> -- <col><b>Chromatic scale</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the scale consisting of thirteen tones,
including the eight scale tones and the five intermediate
tones.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chro*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Chromatic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chro*mat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
chromatic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro*mat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
science of colors; that part of optics which treats of the
properties of colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"ma*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
color.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Tissue which is capable of being
stained by dyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
coloring.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Optics)</i> <def>The state of being
colored, as in the case of images formed by a lens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An abnormal coloring of
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro`ma*tog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;, &?;, color + <i>-genous</i>.] <def>Producing
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro`ma*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;, &?;, color + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A treatise on
colors</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro`ma*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, color + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A treatise on colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"ma*to*phore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, color + &?; to bear.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A contractile cell or vesicle containing liquid pigment and
capable of changing its form or size, thus causing changes of
color in the translucent skin of such animals as possess them.
They are highly developed and numerous in the
cephalopods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the granules of
protoplasm, which in mass give color to the part of the plant
containing them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"ma*to*scope`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, color + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A reflecting
telescope, part of which is made to rotate eccentrically, so as
to produce a ringlike image of a star, instead of a point; --
used in studying the scintillation of the stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"ma*to*sphere`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
chromosphere.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Chro"ma*trope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
color + &?; turn, rotation, &?;  to turn.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for exhibiting certain
chromatic effects of light (depending upon the persistence of
vision and mixture of colors) by means of rapidly rotating disks
variously colored.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A device in a magic lantern or
stereopticon to produce kaleidoscopic effects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"ma*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; color
+ &?; type.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A colored
photographic picture taken upon paper made sensitive with
potassium bichromate or some other salt of chromium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The process by which such picture is
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Chromium</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chrome alum</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a dark
violet substance,
(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>Cr<sub>2</sub>.
K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>.<sub>24</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O, analogous to, 
and crystallizing like, common alum. It is regarded as a double
sulphate of chromium and potassium.</cd> -- <col><b>Chrome
green</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The green oxide of
chromium, Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, used in enamel painting,
and glass staining.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A pigment made
by mixing chrome yellow with Prussian blue.</cd> --
<col><b>Chrome red</b></col>, <cd>a beautiful red pigment
originally prepared from the basic chromate of lead, but now made
from red oxide of lead.</cd> -- <col><b>Chrome yellow</b></col>,
<cd>a brilliant yellow pigment, PbCrO<sub>4</sub>, used by
painters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, chromium; -- said of the
compounds of chromium in which it has its higher
valence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chromic acid</b></col>, <cd>an acid,
H<sub>2</sub>CrO<sub>4</sub>, analogous to sulphuric acid, not
readily obtained in the free state, but forming well known salts,
many of which are colored pigments, as chrome yellow, chrome red,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Chromic anhydride</b></col>, <cd>a brilliant
red crystalline substance, CrO<sub>3</sub>, regarded as the
anhydride of chromic acid. It is one of the most powerful
oxidizers known.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a kind of
fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the <i>Chromid&aelig;</i>,
a family of fresh-water fishes abundant in the tropical parts of
America and Africa. Some are valuable food fishes, as the
<i>bulti</i> of the Nile.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chro`mi*dro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; color + &?; sweat.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Secretion of
abnormally colored perspiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Chromatism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A black submetallic mineral
consisting of oxide of chromium and iron; -- called also
<i>chromic iron</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound or salt of
chromous hydroxide regarded as an acid.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Chro"mi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; color.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A comparatively rare element
occurring most abundantly in the mineral chromite. Atomic weight
52.5.  Symbol Cr.  When isolated it is a hard, brittle, grayish
white metal, fusible with difficulty. Its chief commercial
importance is for its compounds, as potassium chromate, lead
chromate, etc., which are brilliantly colored and are used dyeing
and calico printing. Called also <i>chrome</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Chro"mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chromos</b></plw> (#). [Abbrev. from
<i>chromo</i>lithograph.] <def>A chromolithograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mo*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
color + <i>-blast</i>.] <def>An embryonic cell which develops
into a pigment cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mo*gen</hw> (?), [Gr. &?; color + <i>-gen</i>.] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Vegetable coloring
matter other than green; chromule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any colored compound,
supposed to contain one or more chromophores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mo*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Containing, or capable of forming, chromogen;
as, <i>chromogenic</i> bacteria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
color + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An apparatus by which a number of
copies of written matter, maps, plans, etc., can be made; --
called also <i>hectograph</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 254 !></p>

<p><hw>Chro`mo*leu"cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
color + E. <i>leucite</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
chromoplastid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro`mo*lith"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?; color + E. <i>lithograph</i>.] <def>A picture printed in
tints and colors by repeated impressions from a series of stones
prepared by the lithographic process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro`mo*li*thog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who is engaged in chromolithography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mo*lith`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or made by, chromolithography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mo*li*thog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Lithography adapted to printing in inks of various
colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mo*phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
color + &?; to show.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A general name for
the several coloring matters, red, green, yellow, etc., present
in the inner segments in the cones of the retina, held in
solution by fats, and slowly decolorized by light; distinct from
the photochemical pigments of the rods of the retina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mo*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
color + &?; to bear.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any chemical group or
residue (as NO<sub>2</sub>; N<sub>2</sub>; or O<sub>2</sub>)
which imparts some decided color to the compound of which it is
an ingredient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro`mo*pho*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?; color + E. <i>photography</i>.] <def>The art of producing
photographs in colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mo*pho`to*lith"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A photolithograph printed in colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro`mo*plas"tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; +
E. <i>plastid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A protoplasmic granule of
some other color than green; -- also called
<i>chromoleucite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mo*some`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
color + &?; the body.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the minute
bodies into which the chromatin of the nucleus is resolved during
mitotic cell division; the <i>idant</i> of Weismann.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mo*sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
color + E. <i>sphere</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An atmosphere of
rare matter, composed principally of incandescent hydrogen gas,
surrounding the sun and enveloping the photosphere. Portions of
the chromosphere are here and there thrown up into enormous
tongues of flame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro`mo*spher"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the chromosphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mo*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; color
+ <i>-type</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sheet printed in
colors by any process, as a chromolithograph. See
<u>Chromolithograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A photographic picture in the natural
colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or derived from, chromium, when this element has a
valence lower than that in chromic compounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chromous acid</b></col>, <cd>a bluish gray powder,
CrO.OH, of weak acid properties and regard as an acid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chro"mule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; color +
&?; matter.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A general name for coloring
matter of plants other than chlorophyll, especially that of
petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>chronicus</i>, Gr. &?; concerning time, from &?; time: cf. F.
<i>chronique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to time;
according to time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Continuing for a long time; lingering;
habitual.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chronic disease</b></col>, <cd>one which is
inveterate, of long continuance, or progresses slowly, in
distinction from an <i>acute</i> disease, which speedly
terminates.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chron"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Chronic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Partly on a <i>chronical</i>, and partly on a
topical method.<BR>
<i>J. A. Alexander.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chron"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cronicle</i>, fr. <i>cronique</i>, OF. <i>cronique</i>, F.
<i>chronique</i>, L. <i>chronica</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, neut. pl. of
&?;. See <u>Chronic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An historical
register or account of facts or events disposed in the order of
time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrative of events; a history; a
record.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The two canonical books of
the Old Testament in which immediately follow 2 Kings.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> - Register; record; annals. See
<u>History</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Chron"i*cle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chronicled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chronicling</u> (?).] <def>To record in a history
or chronicle; to record; to register.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chron"i*cler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer
of a chronicle; a recorder of events in the order of time; an
historian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such an honest <i>chronicler</i> as Griffith.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Chro`nique"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Chronicle</u>.] <def>A chronicle.</def>  <i>L.
Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chron"o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; time
+ &?; writing, character: cf. F. <i>chronogramme</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inscription in which certain numeral
letters, made to appear specially conspicuous, on being added
together, express a particular date or epoch, as in the motto of
a medal struck by Gustavus Adolphus in 1632:
            ChrIstVs DVX; ergo trIVMphVs.
- the capitals of which give, when added as numerals, the sum
1632.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The record or inscription made by a
chronograph.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chron`o*gram*mat"ic</hw> (?),
<hw>Chron`o*gram*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>chronogrammatique</i>.] <def>Belonging to a chronogram, or
containing one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chron`o*gram"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
writer of chronograms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chron"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; time
+ <i>-graph</i>: cf. F. <i>chronographe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument for measuring or recording intervals of time,
upon a revolving drum or strip of paper moved by clockwork. The
action of the stylus or pen is controlled by
electricity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Chronogram</u>, 1.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A chronoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro*nog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who writes a chronography; a chronologer.</def>
<i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chron`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a chronograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.
See <u>Chronograph</u>.] <def>A description or record of past
time; history.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chro*nol"o*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Chronologist</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chron`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Chron`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Relating to chronology;
containing an account of events in the order of time; according
to the order of time; as, <i>chronological</i> tables.</def>
<i>Raleigh.</i> -- <wf>Chron`o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chro*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <hw>Chro*nol"o*ger</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>A person who investigates
dates of events and transactions; one skilled in
chronology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That learned noise and dust of the
<i>chronologist</i> is wholly to be avoided.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>THe most exact <i>chronologers</i> tell us that
Christ was born in October, and not in December.<BR>
<i>John Knox.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chro*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chronologies</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?;; &?; time + &?;
discourse: cf. F. <i>chronologie</i>.] <def>The science which
treats of measuring time by regular divisions or periods, and
which assigns to events or transactions their proper
dates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If history without <i>chronology</i> is dark and
confused, <i>chronology</i> without history is dry and
insipid.<BR>
<i>A. Holmes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Chro*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
time + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>chronom&egrave;tre</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for measuring time; a
timekeeper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A portable timekeeper, with a heavy
compensation balance, and usually beating half seconds; --
intended to keep time with great accuracy for use an astronomical
observations, in determining longitude, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A metronome.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Box chronometer</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Box</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pocket chronometer</b></col>, <cd>a
chronometer in the form of a large watch.</cd> -- <col><b>To rate
a chronometer</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Rate</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chron`o*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Chron`o*met"ric*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chronom&eacute;trique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to a chronometer;
measured by a chronometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro*nom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chronom&eacute;trie</i>.] <def>The art of measuring time; the
measuring of time by periods or divisions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chron"o*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; time
+ &?; to carry.] <def>An instrument signaling the correct time to
distant points by electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chron"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; time
+ <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring minute
intervals of time; used in determining the velocity of
projectiles, the duration of short-lived luminous phenomena,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys"a*lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to a chrysalis; resembling a chrysalis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys"a*lid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chrysalids</b></plw>. <def>See
<u>Chrysalis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys"a*lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Chrysalides</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>chrysallis</i> the
gold-colored pupa of butterflies, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;  gold. Cf.
<u>Aurelia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pupa state of
certain insects, esp. of butterflies, from which the perfect
insect emerges. See <u>Pupa</u>, and <u>Aurelia</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys*an"i*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + E. <i>anilene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A yellow substance obtained as a by-product in the
manufacture of rosaniline. It dyes silk a fine golden-yellow
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys*an"the*mum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
Gr. &?;; <grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + &?; flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of composite plants, mostly perennial, and of many
species including the many varieties of garden chrysanthemums
(annual and perennial), and also the feverfew and the oxeye
daisy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys`a*ro"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + <i>araroba</i> a foreign name of Goa
powder + <i>-in</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter, yellow
substance forming the essential constituent of Goa powder, and
yielding chrysophanic acid proper; hence formerly called also
<i>chrysphanic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys*au"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + L. <i>aurum</i> gold. So called from
its color.] <def>An orange-colored dyestuff, of artificial
production.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys`el*e*phan"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + &?; made of ivory, fr. &?; ivory,
elephant.] <def>Composed of, or adorned with, gold and
ivory.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>chryselephantine</i> statues of the Greeks were
built up with inferior materials, veneered, as it were, with
ivory for the flesh, and gold decorated with color for the hair
and garments.</p>

<p><hw>Chry"sene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the higher
aromatic hydrocarbons of coal tar, allied to naphthalene and
anthracene. It is a white crystalline substance,
C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>12</sub>, of strong blue fluorescence, but
generally colored yellow by impurities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys"o*ber`yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>chrysoberyllus</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + &?;
beryl.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral, found in crystals, of a
yellow to green or brown color, and consisting of aluminia and
glucina. It is very hard, and is often used as a gem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys"o*chlore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + <grk>chlwro`s</grk> light green: cf.
F. <i>chrysochlore</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South African
mole of the genus <i>Chrysochloris</i>; the golden mole, the fur
of which reflects brilliant metallic hues of green and
gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys"o*col`la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>chryso`kolla</grk> gold solder; <grk>chryso`s</grk> gold +
&?; glue.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous silicate of copper,
occurring massive, of a blue or greenish blue color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
yellow crystalline substance extracted from crude
anthracene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chry*sog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + &?; to write.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art of writing in letters of gold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A writing executed in letters of
gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys*o"&iuml;*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + <i>-oid</i> + <i>-ine</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An artificial, yellow, crystalline dye,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>N<sub>2</sub>.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>
(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>. Also, one of a group of dyestuffs
resembling chryso&iuml;dine proper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>chrysolithos</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + &?;
stone: cf. F. <i>chrysolithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral,
composed of silica, magnesia, and iron, of a yellow to green
color. It is common in certain volcanic rocks; -- called also
<i>olivine</i> and <i>peridot</i>. Sometimes used as a gem. The
name was also early used for yellow varieties of tourmaline and
topaz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chry*sol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of
political economy which relates to the production of
wealth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chrys*o"pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + &?;, &?;, eye, face.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of neuropterous insects. See
<u>Lacewing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys"o*phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + &?; to show.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside extracted from rhubarb as a bitter, yellow, crystalline
powder, and yielding chrysophanic acid on
decomposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrys`o*phan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, or resembling,
chrysophane.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chrysophanic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
yellow crystalline substance extracted from rhubarb, yellow dock,
sienna, chrysarobin, etc., and shown to be a derivative of an
anthracene. It is used in the treatment of skin diseases; --
called also <i>rhein</i>, <i>rheic acid</i>, <i>rhubarbarin</i>,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chrys"o*prase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>crisopace</i>, OF. <i>crisoprace</i>, F. <i>chrysoprase</i>,
L. <i>chrysoprasus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>chryso`s</grk> gold +
&?; leek.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An apple-green variety of
chalcedony, colored by nickel. It has a dull flinty luster, and
is sometimes used in jewelry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chry*sop"ra*sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>See <u>Chrysoprase</u>.</def>  <i>Rev. xxi. 20.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chrys"o*sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + &?; seed.] <def>The seed of gold; a
means of creating gold.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chrys"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chryso`s</grk> gold + <i>-type</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A photographic picture taken upon paper prepared by the use
of a sensitive salt of iron and developed by the application of
chloride of gold.</def>  <i>Abney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>2process, invented by Sir
J.Herschel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chthon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
the earth.] <def>Pertaining to the earth; earthy; as,
<i>chthonic</i> religions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The] <i>chthonic</i> character of the wife of
Zeus.<BR>
<i>Max M&uuml;ller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Chthon`o*pha"gi*a</hw> (?), <hw>Chtho*noph"a*gy</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>chthonophagia</i>; Gr. &?;,
&?;, earth + &?; to eat.] <def>A disease characterized by an
irresistible desire to eat earth, observed in some parts of the
southern United States, the West Indies, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [This word seems to
signify a large or thick fish. Cf. Sw. <i>kubb</i> a short and
thick piece of wood, and perh. F. <i>chabot</i> chub.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species to fresh-water fish of the
<i>Cyprinid&aelig;</i> or Carp family. The common European
species is <i>Leuciscus cephalus</i>; the cheven. In America the
name is applied to various fishes of the same family, of the
genera <i>Semotilus</i>, <i>Squalius</i>, <i>Ceratichthys</i>,
etc., and locally to several very different fishes, as the
<i>tautog</i>, <i>black bass</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chub mackerel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
species of mackerel (<i>Scomber colias</i>) in some years found
in abundance on the Atlantic coast, but absent in others; --
called also <i>bull mackerel</i>, <i>thimble-eye</i>, and <i>big-
eye mackerel</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Chub sucker</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fresh-water fish of the United States
(<i>Erimyzon sucetta</i>); -- called also
<i>creekfish</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Chub"bed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Chubby.</def>
[R.]  <i>H. Brooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chub"bed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being chubby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chub"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a chub;
plump, short, and thick.</def> "<i>Chubby</i> faces."  <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chub"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
plump, short face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chuck</hw> (ch&ubreve;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chucked</u> (ch&ubreve;kt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Chucking</u>.] [Imitative of
the sound.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a noise resembling
that of a hen when she calls her chickens; to cluck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To chuckle; to laugh.</def> [R.]
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chuck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To call, as a hen
her chickens.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chuck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The chuck or call of a hen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden, small noise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A word of endearment; -- corrupted
from <i>chick</i>.</def> "Pray, <i>chuck</i>, come hither."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chuck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chucked</u> (ch&ubreve;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chucking</u>.] [F. <i>choquer</i> to strike. Cf.
<u>Shock</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strike gently; to give a gentle blow to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Chucked</i> the barmaid under the chin.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To toss or throw smartly out of the
hand; to pitch.</def> [Colloq.] "Mahomet Ali will just be
<i>chucked</i> into the Nile."  <i>Lord Palmerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To place in a chuck, or
hold by means of a chuck, as in turning; to bore or turn (a hole)
in a revolving piece held in a chuck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chuck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
slight blow or pat under the chin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A short throw; a toss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A contrivance or
machine fixed to the mandrel of a lathe, for holding a tool or
the material to be operated upon.</def></p>

<p><! p. 255 !></p>

<p><col><b>Chuck farthing</b></col>, <cd>a play in which a
farthing is pitched into a hole; pitch farthing.</cd> --
<col><b>Chuck hole</b></col>, <cd>a deep hole in a wagon
rut.</cd> -- <col><b>Elliptic chuck</b></col>, <cd>a chuck having
a slider and an eccentric circle, which, as the work turns round,
give it a sliding motion across the center which generates an
ellipse.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chuck</hw> (ch&ubreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small pebble; -- called also
<i>chuckstone</i> and <i>chuckiestone</i>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A game played with chucks,
in which one or more are tossed up and caught; jackstones.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Chuck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piece of the
backbone of an animal, from between the neck and the collar bone,
with the adjoining parts, cut for cooking; as, a <i>chuck</i>
steak; a <i>chuck</i> roast.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Chuc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chuckled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chuckling</u> (?).] [From 1st <u>Chuck</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To call, as a hen her chickens; to
cluck.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fondle; to cocker.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chuc"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short,
suppressed laugh; the expression of satisfaction, exultation, or
derision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chuc"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From 1st
<u>Chuck</u>.] <def>To laugh in a suppressed or broken manner, as
expressing inward satisfaction, exultation, or
derision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chuc"kle*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
person with a large head; a numskull; a dunce.</def> [Low]
<i>Knowles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chuc"kle*head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
large head; thickheaded; dull; stupid.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chuck`-Will's-wid"ow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zool.)</i> <def>A species of goatsucker (<i>Antrostomus
Carolinensis</i>), of the southern United States; -- so called
from its note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chud</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Chew</u>,
<u>Cud</u>.] <def>To champ; to bite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>A.
Stafford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chu"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Chew</u>,
v. t.] <def>Minced meat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Chu"fa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A sedgelike plant (<i>Cyperus esculentus</i>)
producing edible tubers, native about the Mediterranean, now
cultivated in many regions; the earth almond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. a modification
of <i>chub</i>: cf. W. <i>cyff</i> stock, stump.] <def>A coarse
or stupid fellow.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chuff</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stupid;
churlish.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chuff"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Clownishly; surlily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chuff"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being chuffy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chuff"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fat or puffed out in the cheeks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rough; clownish; surly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chu"lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The fragrant flowers of the <i>Chloranthus inconspicuus</i>,
used in China for perfuming tea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. a contraction
fr. <i>comrade</i> or <i>chamber fellow</i>: cf. also AS.
<i>cuma</i> a comer, guest.] <def>A roommate, especially in a
college or university; an old and intimate friend.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chum</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chummed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chumming</u>.] <def>To occupy a chamber with
another; as, to <i>chum</i> together at college.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Chum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Chopped pieces of
fish used as bait.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Chump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>kumbr</i> a chopping, E. <i>chop</i>.] <def>A short, thick,
heavy piece of wood.</def>  <i>Morton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chump end</b></col>, <cd>the thick end; as, the
<i>chump end</i> of a joint of meat.</cd>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Chu*nam"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>ch&umacr;n&amacr;</i>, from Skr. <i>c&umacr;rn.a</i> powder,
dust; or a Dravidian word.] <def>Quicklime; also, plaster or
mortar.</def> [India]  <i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chunk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Chump</u>.]
<def>A short, thick piece of anything.</def> [Colloq. U. S. &
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Chunk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Short and
thick.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Church</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>chirche</i>,
<i>chireche</i>, <i>cherche</i>, Scot. <i>kirk</i>, from AS.
<i>circe</i>, <i>cyrice</i>; akin to D. <i>kerk</i>, Icel.
<i>kirkja</i>, Sw. <i>kyrka</i>, Dan. <i>kirke</i>, G.
<i>kirche</i>, OHG. <i>chirihha</i>; all fr. Gr. &?; the Lord's
house, fr. &?; concerning a master or lord, fr. &?; master, lord,
fr. &?; power, might; akin to Skr. <i>&ccedil;&umacr;ra</i> hero,
Zend. <i>&ccedil;ura</i> strong, OIr. <i>caur</i>, <i>cur</i>,
hero. Cf. <u>Kirk</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A building set apart for Christian
worship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Jewish or heathen temple.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Acts xix. 37.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A formally organized body of Christian
believers worshiping together.</def> "When they had ordained them
elders in every <i>church</i>."  <i>Acts xiv. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A body of Christian believers, holding
the same creed, observing the same rites, and acknowledging the
same ecclesiastical authority; a denomination; as, the Roman
Catholic <i>church</i>; the Presbyterian <i>church</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of
Christians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Any body of worshipers; as, the Jewish
<i>church</i>; the <i>church</i> of Brahm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The aggregate of religious influences
in a community; ecclesiastical influence, authority, etc.; as, to
array the power of the <i>church</i> against some moral
evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Remember that both <i>church</i> and state are
properly the rulers of the people, only because they are their
benefactors.<BR>
<i>Bulwer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Church</i> is often used in composition to denote
something belonging or relating to the church; as, <i>church</i>
authority; <i>church</i> history; <i>church</i> member;
<i>church</i> music, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Apostolic church</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Apostolic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Broad church</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Broad Church</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Catholic or
Universal</b></col> <col><b>church</b></col>, <cd>the whole body
of believers in Christ throughout the world.</cd> --
<col><b>Church of England</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>English
church</b></col>, <cd>the Episcopal church established and
endowed in England by law.</cd> -- <col><b>Church
living</b></col>, <cd>a benefice in an established church.</cd> -
- <col><b>Church militant</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Militant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Church owl</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the white owl. See <u>Barn owl</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Church rate</b></col>, <cd>a tax levied on
parishioners for the maintenance of the church and its
services.</cd> -- <col><b>Church session</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Session</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Church triumphant</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Triumphant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Church
work</b></col>, <cd>work on, or in behalf of, a church; the work
of a particular church for the spread of religion.</cd> --
<col><b>Established church</b></col>, <cd>the church maintained
by the civil authority; a state church.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Church</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Churched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Churching</u>.] <def>To bless according to a
prescribed form, or to unite with in publicly returning thanks in
church, as after deliverance from the dangers of childbirth; as,
the <i>churching</i> of women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Church"-ale`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A church
or parish festival (as in commemoration of the dedication of a
church), at which much ale was used.</def>  <i>Wright.
Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Church"-bench`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seat
in the porch of a church.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Church"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
institution, government, or authority of a church.</def> [R.]
<i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Church"go`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
attends church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Church"go`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Habitually attending church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Summoning to church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sound of the <i>churchgoing</i> bell.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Church"-haw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Church</i>
+ <i>haw</i> a yard.] <def>Churchyard.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Church"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Strict
adherence to the forms or principles of some church organization;
sectarianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Church"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
church.</def>  <i>T. Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Church"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Befitting
a church or a churchman; becoming to a clergyman.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Church"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Regard
for the church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Church"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or suitable for, the church; ecclesiastical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Church"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Churchmen</b></plw> (#). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
ecclesiastic or clergyman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An Episcopalian, or a member of the
Established Church of England.</def> "A zealous
<i>churchman</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>One was is attached to, or attends,
church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Church"man*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or becoming, a churchman.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Church"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being a churchman; attachment to the
church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Church" modes`</hw> (?). <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The modes or
scales used in ancient church music. See
<u>Gregorian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Church"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
a church.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Church"ward`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the officers (usually two) in an
Episcopal church, whose duties vary in different dioceses, but
always include the provision of what is necessary for the
communion service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A clay tobacco pipe, with a long
tube.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There was a small wooden table placed in front of
the smoldering fire, with decanters, a jar of tobacco, and two
long <i>churchwardens</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Church"ward`en*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office of a churchwarden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Church"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to a
church; unduly fond of church forms.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Church"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
ground adjoining a church, in which the dead are buried; a
cemetery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like graves in the holy <i>churchyard</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Burial place; burying ground; graveyard;
necropolis; cemetery; God's acre.</p>

<p><hw>Churl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ceorl</i> a
freeman of the lowest rank, man, husband; akin to D.
<i>karel</i>, <i>kerel</i>, G. <i>kerl</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>karl</i>, Icel. <i>karl</i>, and to the E. proper name
<i>Charles</i> (orig., <i>man</i>, <i>male</i>), and perh. to
Skr. <i>j&amacr;ra</i> lover. Cf. <u>Carl</u>, <u>Charles's
Wain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rustic; a countryman or
laborer.</def> "A peasant or <i>churl</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your rank is all reversed; let men of cloth<BR>
Bow to the stalwart <i>churls</i> in overalls.<BR>
<i>Emerson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rough, surly, ill-bred man; a
boor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>churl's</i> courtesy rarely comes, but either
for gain or falsehood.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A selfish miser; an illiberal person;
a niggard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like to some rich <i>churl</i> hoarding up his
pelf.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Churl</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Churlish; rough;
selfish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Churl"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Like a churl; rude; cross-grained; ungracious; surly;
illiberal; niggardly.</def> "<i>Churlish</i> benefits."  <i>Ld.
Burleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Half mankind maintain a <i>churlish</i>
strife.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting pliancy; unmanageable;
unyielding; not easily wrought; as, a <i>churlish</i> soil; the
<i>churlish</i> and intractable nature of some minerals.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Churl"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
churlish manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Churl"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rudeness of
manners or temper; lack of kindness or courtesy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Churl"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rude;
churlish; violent.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Churme</hw> (?), <hw>Chirm</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Chirm</u>.] <def>Clamor, or confused
noise; buzzing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>churme</i> of a thousand taunts and
reproaches.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Churn</hw> (ch&ucirc;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>chirne</i>, <i>cherne</i>, AS. <i>ceren</i>, <i>cyrin</i>;
akin to D. <i>karn</i>, Dan. <i>kierne</i>. See <u>Churn</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A vessel in which milk or cream is
stirred, beaten, or otherwise agitated (as by a plunging or
revolving dasher) in order to separate the oily globules from the
other parts, and obtain butter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Churn</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Churned</u> (ch&ucirc;rnd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Churning</u>.] [OE. <i>chernen</i>, AS.
<i>cernan</i>; akin to LG. <i>karnen</i>, G. <i>kernen</i>, D.
<i>karnen</i>, Dan. <i>kierne</i>, Sw. <i>k&auml;rna</i>, and
also to E. <i>corn</i>, <i>kernel</i>, the meaning coming from
the idea of extracting the kernel or marrow. See <u>Kernel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stir, beat, or agitate, as milk or
cream in a churn, in order to make butter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shake or agitate with
violence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Churned</i> in his teeth, the foamy venom
rose.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Churn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform the
operation of churning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Churn"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who churns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quantity of butter made at one
operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chur"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>charas</i>.] <def>A powerfully narcotic and intoxicating gum
resin which exudes from the flower heads, seeds, etc., of Indian
hemp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Churr"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cyrran</i>, <i>cerran</i>, to turn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An insect that turns about nimbly; the mole cricket; --
called also <i>fan cricket</i>.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chuse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
Choose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Chute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chute</i>,
prop. a fall.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A framework, trough, or
tube, upon or through which objects are made to slide from a
higher to a lower level, or through which water passes to a
wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Shoot</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chut"ney</hw> (?), <hw>Chut"nee</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>chatn&imacr;</i>.] <def>A warm or
spicy condiment or pickle made in India, compounded of various
vegetable substances, sweets, acids, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chy*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Possessed of the properties of chyle;
consisting of chyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chy*la"que*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Chyle</i> + <i>aqueous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Consisting of chyle much diluted with water; -- said of a
liquid which forms the circulating fluid of some inferior
animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>chylus</i>,
Gr. &?; juice, chyle, fr. &?; to pour: cf. F. <i>chyle</i>; prob.
akin to E. <i>fuse</i> to melt.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A milky
fluid containing the fatty matter of the food in a state of
emulsion, or fine mechanical division; formed from chyme by the
action of the intestinal juices. It is absorbed by the lacteals,
and conveyed into the blood by the thoracic duct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chyl`i*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Chyle</i> + L. <i>facere</i> to make.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The act or process by which chyle is formed from food in
animal bodies; chylification, -- a digestive process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chyl`i*fac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Producing, or converting into, chyle;
having the power to form chyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chy*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Chyle</i> + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>chylif&egrave;re</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Transmitting or conveying chyle; as,
<i>chyliferous</i> vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chy*lif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Chylifactive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chyl`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The formation of chyle. See
<u>Chylifaction</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chy*lif"i*ca*to*ry</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Chylifactive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chy"li*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<i>Chyle</i> + <i>-ly</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To make chyle
of; to be converted into chyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chy`lo*po*et"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>chylopoiei^n</grk> to make into juice, <grk>chylo`s</grk>
juice, chyle + <grk>poiei^n</grk> to make.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Concerned in the formation of chyle; as, the
<i>chylopoetic</i> organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chy"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chyleux</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Consisting of, or similar
to, chyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chy*lu"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. from Gr.
&?; chyle + &?; urine.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition in
which the urine contains chyle or fatty matter, giving it a milky
appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chyme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>chymus</i>
chyle, Gr. &?; juice, like &?;, fr. &?; to pour: cf. F.
<i>chyme</i>. See <u>Chyle</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The pulpy
mass of semi-digested food in the small intestines just after its
passage from the stomach. It is separated in the intestines into
chyle and excrement. See <u>Chyle</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chym"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Chym"ist</hw>,
<hw>Chym"is*try</hw> (?). } [Obs.] <def>See <u>Chemic</u>,
<u>Chemist</u>, <u>Chemistry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chy*mif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Chyme</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Bearing
or containing chyme.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chym`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Chyme</i> + L. <i>facere</i> to make: cf. F.
<i>Chymification</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The conversion of
food into chyme by the digestive action of gastric
juice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chym"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Chyme</i>
+ <i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>chymifier</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To
form into chyme.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chy"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to chyme.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chy*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to
pour + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An instrument for
measuring liquids. It consists of a piston moving in a tube in
which is contained the liquid, the quantity expelled being
indicated by the graduation upon the piston rod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci*ba"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cibaruus</i>, fr. <i>cibus</i> food.] <def>Pertaining to food;
edible.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ci*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cibatio</i>, fr. <i>cibare</i> to feed.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of taking food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Alchemy)</i> <def>The process or
operation of feeding the contents of the crucible with fresh
material.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cib"ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ciboule</i>,
LL. <i>cepula</i>, <i>cepola</i>, dim. of L. <i>cepa</i>,
<i>caepa</i>, <i>caepe</i>, an onion. Cf. <u>Chibbal</u>,
<u>Cives</u>.] <def>A perennial alliaceous plant (<i>Allium
fistulosum</i>), sometimes called <i>Welsh onion</i>. Its
fistular leaves areused in cookery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ci*bo"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ciboria</b></plw> (#). [LL., fr. L. <i>ciborium</i> a
cup, fr. Gr. &?; a seed vessel of the Egyptian bean; also, a cup
made from its largeleaves, or resembling its seed vessel in
shape.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A canopy usually
standing free and supported on four columns, covering the high
altar, or, very rarely, a secondary altar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The coffer or case
in which the host is kept; the pyx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci*ca"da</hw> (s&ibreve;*k&amacr;"d&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Cicadas</b></plw> (-
d&adot;z), L. <plw><b>Cicad&aelig;</b></plw> (-d&emacr;). [L.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of the genus <i>Cicada</i>.
They are large hemipterous insects, with nearly transparent
wings. The male makes a shrill sound by peculiar organs in the
under side of the abdomen, consisting of a pair of stretched
membranes, acted upon by powerful muscles. A noted American
species (<i>C. septendecim</i>) is called the <i>seventeen year
locust</i>. Another common species is the <i>dogday
cicada</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ci*ca"la</hw> (ch&esl;*k&auml;"l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. L. <i>cicada</i>.] <def>A cicada.
See <u>Cicada</u>.</def> "At eve a dry <i>cicala</i> sung."
<i>Tennison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cic"a*trice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>cicatrix</i>.] <def>A cicatrix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cic`a*tri"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Relating to, or having the character of, a
cicatrix.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cic"a*tri`cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cicatricule</i>, fr. L. <i>cicatricula</i> a small scar, fr.
<i>cicatrix</i> a scar.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The germinating
point in the embryo of a seed; the point in the yolk of an egg at
which development begins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cic"a*tri`sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to promote the formation of a cicatrix; good for healing of a
wound.</def></p>

<p><! p. 256 !></p>

<p><hw>||Ci*ca"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cicatrices</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
pellicle which forms over a wound or breach of continuity and
completes the process of healing in the latter, and which
subsequently contracts and becomes white, forming the
scar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cic"a*tri`zant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cicatrisant</i>, properly p. pr. of <i>cicatriser</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine or application that promotes the
healing of a sore or wound, or the formation of a
cicatrix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cic`a*tri*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cicatrisation</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The process of forming
a cicatrix, or the state of being cicatrized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cic"a*trize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cicatrized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cicatrizing</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>cicatriser</i>, fr. <i>cicatrice</i>, L. <i>cicatrix</i>,
scar.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To heal or induce the formation of a
cicatrix in, as in wounded or ulcerated flesh.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cic"a*trize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>To heal; to have a new skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cic"a*trose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
scars.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cic"e*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>seselis</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;; perh. ultimately of Egyptian
origin.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of several umbelliferous
plants, of the genera <i>Myrrhis</i>, <i>Osmorrhiza</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cic"e*ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i>
<def>Pica type; -- so called by French printers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ci`ce*ro"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
It. <plw><b>Ciceroni</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Cicerones</b></plw> (#). [It., fr. L. <i>Cicero</i>, the
Roman orator. So called from the ordinary talkativeness of such a
guide.] <def>One who shows strangers the curiosities of a place;
a guide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every glib and loquacious hireling who shows
strangers about their picture galleries, palaces, and ruins, is
termed by them [the Italians] a <i>cicerone</i>, or a Cicero.<BR>
<i>Trench.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cic`e*ro"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Ciceronianus</i>, fr. <i>Cicero</i>, the orator.]
<def>Resembling Cicero in style or action; eloquent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cic`e*ro"ni*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Imitation of, or resemblance to, the style or action Cicero;
a Ciceronian phrase or expression.</def> "Great study in
<i>Ciceronianism</i>, the chief abuse of Oxford."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cich`o*ra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chicory</u>.] <def>Belonging to, or resembling, a suborder of
composite plants of which the chicory (<i>Cichorium</i>) is the
type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cich"-pea`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The chick-
pea.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ci*cis"be*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or conduct of a cicisbeo.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ci`cis*be"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
It. <plw><b>Cicisbei</b></plw> (#). [It.] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A professed admirer of a married
woman; a dangler about women.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A knot of silk or ribbon attached to a
fan, walking stick, etc.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cic"la*toun`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of.
<i>ciclaton</i>.] <def>A costly cloth, of uncertain material,
used in the Middle Ages.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>checklaton</i>, <i>chekelatoun</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His robe was of <i>ciclatoun</i>,<BR>
That coste many a Jane.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cic"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cicurare</i> to tame, fr. <i>cicur</i> tame.] <def>To
tame.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cic`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cicuration</i>.] <def>The act of taming.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ci*cu"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the poison
hemlock.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>a genus of poisonous umbelliferous
plants, of which the water hemlock or cowbane is best
known.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name <i>cicuta</i> is sometimes erroneously applied
to <i>Conium maculatum</i>, or <i>officinal hemlock</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Cic`u*tox"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The active principle of the water hemlock
(<i>Cicuta</i>) extracted as a poisonous gummy
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr. Ar.
<i>seid</i> lord.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Chief or commander; in Spanish
literature, a title of Ruy Diaz, Count of Bivar, a champion of
Christianity and of the old Spanish royalty, in the 11th
century.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An epic poem, which celebrates the
exploits of the Spanish national hero, Ruy Diaz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cidre</i>,
OF. sidre, fr. L. <i>sicera</i> a kind of strong drink, Gr. &?;;
of Oriental origin; cf. Heb. <i>sh&amacr;kar</i> to be
intoxicated, <i>sh&emacr;k&amacr;r</i> strong drink.] <def>The
expressed juice of apples. It is used as a beverage, for making
vinegar, and for other purposes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Cider</i> was formerly used to signify the juice of
other fruits, and other kinds of strong liquor, but was not
applied to wine.</p>

<p><col><b>Cider brandy</b></col>, <cd>a kind of brandy distilled
from cider.</cd> -- <col><b>Cider mill</b></col>, <cd>a mill in
which cider is made.</cd> -- <col><b>Cider press</b></col>,
<cd>the press of a cider mill.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ci`der*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maker of
cider.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ci"der*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cider</i> +
<i>-kin</i>.] <def>A kind of weak cider made by steeping the
refuse pomace in water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ciderkin</i> is made for common drinking, and
supplies the place of small beer.<BR>
<i>Mortimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Ci`-de*vant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.,
hitherto, formerly.] <def>Former; previous; of times gone by; as,
a <i>ci-devant</i> governor.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cierge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>cera</i> wax.] <def>A wax candle used in religous
rites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci*gar"</hw> (s&ibreve;*g&auml;r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Sp. <i>cigarro</i>, orig., a kind of tobacco in the island of
Cuba: cf. F. <i>cigare</i>.] <def>A small roll of tobacco, used
for smoking.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cigar fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fish
(<i>Decapterus punctatus</i>), allied to the mackerel, found on
the coast of the Gulf of Mexico.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cig`a*rette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cigarette</i>.] <def>A little cigar; a little fine tobacco
rolled in paper for smoking.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cil"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<wf>Cilium</wf>, the sing., is rarely used. [L. <i>cilium</i>
eyelid.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
eyelashes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Small, generally
microscopic, vibrating appendages lining certain organs, as the
air passages of the higher animals, and in the lower animals
often covering also the whole or a part of the exterior. They are
also found on some vegetable organisms. In the Infusoria, and
many larval forms, they are locomotive organs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Hairlike processes,
commonly marginal and forming a fringe like the
eyelash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Small, vibratory,
swimming organs, somewhat resembling true cilia, as those of
Ctenophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cil"ia*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ciliaire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
cilia, or eyelashes. Also applied to special parts of the eye
itself; as, the <i>ciliary</i> processes of the choroid coat; the
<i>ciliary</i> muscle, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to or
connected with the cilia in animal or vegetable organisms; as,
<i>ciliary</i> motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cil`i*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Cilia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the orders of
Infusoria, characterized by having cilia. In some species the
cilia cover the body generally, in others they form a band around
the mouth.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cil"i*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Cil"i*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided with, or surrounded by, cilia;
as, a <i>ciliate</i> leaf; endowed with vibratory motion; as, the
<i>ciliated</i> epithelium of the windpipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cil"ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Cilicious</u>.] <def>A kind of haircloth undergarment.</def>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ci*li"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Cilicia in Asia Minor.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Cilicia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci*li"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cilicium</i> a covering, orig. made of Cilician goat's hair,
fr. <i>Cilicious</i> Cilician, fr. <i>Cilicia</i>, a province of
Asia Minor.] <def>Made, or consisting, of hair.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>Cilicious</i> or sackcloth habit.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cil"i*form</hw> (?), <hw>Cil"i*i*form`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cilium</i> + <i>-form</i>] <def>Having
the form of cilia; very fine or slender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cil"i*o*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cilium</i> + L. <i>gradi</i> to step: cf. F.
<i>ciliograde</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Moving by means of
<i>cilia</i>, or cilialike organs; as, the <i>ciliograde</i>
Medus&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cil"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., eyelid.]
<def>See <u>Cilia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sill</u>.,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> a foundation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cil*lo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>cilium</i> eyelid.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A spasmodic trembling
of the upper eyelid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
kind of molding. See <u>Cyma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci*mar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Simar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cim"bal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>ciambella</i>.] <def>A kind of confectionery or cake.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cim"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A fillet or band placed around the shaft of a column as if
to strengthen it.</def> [Written also <i>cimia</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cim"bri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Cimbri.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
of the Cimbri. See <u>Cimbric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cim"bric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the <i>Cimbri</i>, an ancient tribe inhabiting Northern
Germany.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of the
Cimbri.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci*me"li*arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cimeliarcha</i>, Gr. &?;, treasurer.] <def>A superintendent or
keeper of a church's valuables; a churchwarden.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scimiter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ci"mex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cimices</b></plw> (#). [L., a bug.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of hemipterous insects of which the bedbug is the
best known example. See <u>Bedbug</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cim"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cimbia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci"miss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cimex</i>,
<i>-icis</i>, a bug.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bedbug.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cim*me"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Cimmerius</i>.] [Written also <i>Kimmerian</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the Cimmerii, a fabulous
people, said to have lived, in very ancient times, in profound
and perpetual darkness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without any light; intensely
dark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In dark <i>Cimmerian</i> desert ever dwell.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cim"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; (sc.
&?;) Cimolian earth, fr. &?;, L. <i>Cimolus</i>, an island of the
Cyclades.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A soft, earthy, clayey mineral, of
whitish or grayish color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cinch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>cincha</i>,
fr. L. <i>cingere</i> to gird.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A strong saddle girth, as of
canvas.</def> [West. U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tight grip.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Cin*cho"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from
the wife of Count <i>Chinchon</i>, viceroy of Peru in the
seventeenth century, who by its use was freed from an
intermittent fever, and after her return to Spain, contributed to
the general propagation of this remedy.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees growing naturally on the
Andes in Peru and adjacent countries, but now cultivated in the
East Indies, producing a medicinal bark of great value.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The bark of any species
of <i>Cinchona</i> containing three per cent. or more of bitter
febrifuge alkaloids; Peruvian bark; Jesuits' bark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin`cho*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Allied or pertaining to cinchona, or to the plants that
produce it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin*chon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging
to, or obtained from, cinchona.</def>  <i>Mayne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cin*chon"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cinchona</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the quinine group of
alkaloids, found especially in red cinchona bark. It is a white
crystalline substance,
C<sub>19</sub>H<sub>22</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O, with a bitter taste
and qualities similar to, but weaker than, quinine; -- sometimes
called also <i>cinchonidia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin"cho*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cinchona</u>: cf. F. <i>cinchonine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>One of the quinine group of alkaloids isomeric with and
resembling cinchonidine; -- called also
<i>cinchonia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin"cho*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cinchona</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition produced by the
excessive or long-continued use of quinine, and marked by
deafness, roaring in the ears, vertigo, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin"cho*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
produce cinchonism in; to poison with quinine or with
cinchona.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin`cin*na"ti ep"och</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An
epoch at the close of the American lower Silurian system. The
rocks are well developed near <i>Cincinnati</i>, Ohio. The group
includes the Hudson River and Lorraine shales of New
York.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cinc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cinctura</i>, fr. <i>cingere</i>, <i>cinctum</i>, to gird.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A belt, a girdle, or something worn round
the body, -- as by an ecclesiastic for confining the
alb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which encompasses or incloses; an
inclosure.</def> "Within the <i>cincture</i> of one wall."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The fillet, listel, or
band next to the apophyge at the extremity of the shaft of a
column.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cinc"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Having or
wearing a cincture or girdle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin"der</hw> (s&ibreve;n"d&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>sinder</i> slag, dross; akin to Icel. <i>sindr</i> dross,
Sw. <i>sinder</i>, G. <i>sinter</i>, D. <i>sintel</i>; perh.
influenced by F. <i>cendre</i> ashes, fr. L. <i>cinis</i>. Cf.
<u>Sinter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Partly burned or
vitrified coal, or other combustible, in which fire is
extinct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hot coal without flame; an
ember.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A scale thrown off in forging
metal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The slag of a furnace, or scoriaceous
lava from a volcano.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cinder frame</b></col>, <cd>a framework of wire in
front of the tubes of a locomotive, to arrest the escape of
cinders.</cd> -- <col><b>Cinder notch</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>,
<cd>the opening in a blast furnace, through which melted cinder
flows out.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cin"der*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling,
or composed of, cinders; full of cinders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin`e*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>cinefactio</i>: L. <i>cinis</i> ashes + <i>facere</i> to make:
cf. F. <i>cin&eacute;faction</i>.] <def>Cineration; reduction to
ashes.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Cin`e*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Cin`e*mat"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Kinematic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin`e*mat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Kinematics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin`er*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cineraceus</i>, fr. <i>cinis</i> ashes.] <def>Like ashes; ash-
colored; cinereous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cin`e*ra"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
LL. <i>cinerarius</i> pert. to ashes, fr. <i>cinis</i> ashes. So
called from the ash-colored down on the leaves.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A Linn&aelig;an genus of free-flowering composite plants,
mostly from South Africa. Several species are cultivated for
ornament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin"er*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cinerarius</i>, fr. <i>cinis</i> ashes.] <def>Pertaining to
ashes; containing ashes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cinerary urns</b></col>, <cd>vessels used by the
ancients to preserve the ashes of the dead when burned.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cin`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cinis</i> ashes: cf. F. <i>cin&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>The
reducing of anything to ashes by combustion;
cinefaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci*ne"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cinereus</i>, fr. <i>cinis</i> ashes.] <def>Like ashes; ash-
colored; grayish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin`er*es"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Somewhat cinereous; of a color somewhat resembling that of
wood ashes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin`er*i"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cineritius</i>, <i>cinericius</i>, fr. <i>cinis</i> ashes.]
<def>Like ashes; having the color of ashes, -- as the cortical
substance of the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci*ner"u*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
ashes.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cin`ga*lese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>Cingalais</i>.] <def>A native or natives of Ceylon
descended from its primitive inhabitants</def>; also
(<i>sing.</i>), <def>the language of the Cingalese.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Cingalese.</def> [Written also <i>Singhalese</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ceylonese</i> is applied to the inhabitants of the
island in general.</p>

<p><hw>Cin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cingula</i>,
<i>cingulum</i>, fr. <i>cingere</i> to gird.] <def>A girth.</def>
[R.] See <u>Surcingle</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Cin"gu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
girdle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A distinct
girdle or band of color; a raised spiral line as seen on certain
univalve shells.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The clitellus of
earthworms.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The base of the crown
of a tooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin"na*bar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cinnabaris</i>, Gr. &?;; prob. of Oriental origin; cf. Per.
<i>qinb&amacr;r</i>, Hind. <i>shangarf</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Red sulphide of mercury,
occurring in brilliant red crystals, and also in red or brown
amorphous masses. It is used in medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The artificial red sulphide of mercury
used as a pigment; vermilion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cinnabar Gr&aelig;corum</b></col> (&?;). [L.
<i>Graecorum</i>, gen. pl., of the Greeks.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Dragon's blood</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Green
cinnabar</b></col>, <cd>a green pigment consisting of the oxides
of cobalt and zinc subjected to the action of fire.</cd> --
<col><b>Hepatic cinnabar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>an impure
cinnabar of a liver-brown color and submetallic luster.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cin"na*ba*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cinabarin</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, cinnabar;
consisting of cinnabar, or containing it; as, <i>cinnabarine</i>
sand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin"na*mene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cinnamic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Styrene (which was formerly
called <i>cinnamene</i> because obtained from cinnamic acid). See
<u>Styrene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin*nam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cinnamon</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained
from, cinnamon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cinnamic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white,
crystalline, odorless substance.
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>.CO<sub>2</sub>H, formerly obtained from storax and oil of cinnamon, now made from 
certain benzene derivatives in large quantities, and used for the
artificial production of indigo.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cin`na*mom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cinnamomum</i> cinnamon.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Cinnamic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin"na*mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>qinn&amacr;m&omacr;n</i>; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;, <i>cinnamomum</i>,
cinnamon. The Heb. word itself seems to have been borrowed from
some other language; cf. Malay <i>k&amacr;j&umacr;
m&amacr;nis</i> sweet wood.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The inner
bark of the shoots of <i>Cinnamomum Zeylanicum</i>, a tree
growing in Ceylon. It is aromatic, of a moderately pungent taste,
and is one of the best cordial, carminative, and restorative
spices.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Cassia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cinnamon stone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety
of garnet, of a cinnamon or hyacinth red color, sometimes used in
jewelry.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil of cinnamon</b></col>, <cd>a
colorless aromatic oil obtained from cinnamon and cassia, and
consisting essentially of cinnamic aldehyde,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>.CHO.</cd> -
- <col><b>Wild cinnamon</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Canella</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cin"na*mone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cinnamic</i> + <i>-one</i>.] <def>A yellow crystalline
substance, (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CO, the ketone of cinnamic
acid.</def></p>

<p><! p. 257 !></p>

<p><hw>Cin"na*myl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cinnamic</i>
+ <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical,
(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C, of cinnamic compounds.</def>
[Formerly written also <i>cinnamule</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cin"no*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cinn</i>amic + quin<i>oline</i>.] <def>A nitrogenous organic
base, C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>6</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, analogous to
quinoline, obtained from certain complex diazo
compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cinque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cinq</i>, fr.
L. <i>quinque</i> five. See <u>Five</u>.] <def>Five; the number
five in dice or cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cin`que*cen"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> [It.,
five hundred, abbrev. for fifteen hundred. The <i>Cinquecento</i>
style was so called because it arose after the year 1500.]
<def>The sixteenth century, when applied to Italian art or
literature; as, the sculpture of the <i>Cinquecento</i>;
<i>Cinquecento</i> style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cinque"foil`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cinque</i>
five + <i>foil</i>, F. <i>feuille</i> leaf. See <u>Foil</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name of several
different species of the genus <i>Potentilla</i>; -- also called
<i>five-finger</i>, because of the resemblance of its leaves to
the fingers of the hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornamental foliation
having five points or cups, used in windows, panels, etc.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Marsh cinquefoil</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Potentilla
palustris</i>, a plant with purple flowers which grows in fresh-
water marshes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cinque"-pace`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cinque</i> + <i>pace</i>.] <def>A lively dance (called also
<i>galliard</i>), the steps of which were regulated by the number
five.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nares. Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cinque" Ports`</hw> (?). [<i>Cinque</i> + <i>port</i>.]
<i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>Five English ports, to which peculiar
privileges were anciently accorded; -- viz., Hastings, Romney,
Hythe, Dover, and Sandwich; afterwards increased by the addition
of Winchelsea, Rye, and some minor places.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Baron of the Cinque Ports</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Baron</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cinque"-spot`ted</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Five-
spotted.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cin"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cintre</i>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Center</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ci*nu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; To move + &?; tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The group
of Thysanura which includes <i>Lepisma</i> and allied forms; the
bristletails. See <u>Bristletail</u>, and
<u>Lepisma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cion</i>. See
<u>Scion</u>.] <def>See <u>Scion</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cion</i> overruleth the stock; and the
stock is but passive, and giveth aliment, but no motion, to the
graft.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ci"pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cifre</i>
zero, F. <i>Chiffre</i> figure (cf. Sp. <i>cifra</i>, LL.
<i>cifra</i>), fr. Ar. <i>&ccedil;ifrun</i>,
<i>&ccedil;afrun</i>, empty, cipher, zero, fr.
<i>&ccedil;afira</i> to be empty. Cf. <u>Zero</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>A character [0] which,
standing by itself, expresses nothing, but when placed at the
right hand of a whole number, increases its value
tenfold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, has no weight
or influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here he was a mere <i>cipher</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A character in general, as a figure or
letter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This wisdom began to be written in <i>ciphers</i>
and characters and letters bearing the forms of creatures.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A combination or interweaving of
letters, as the initials of a name; a device; a monogram; as, a
painter's <i>cipher</i>, an engraver's <i>cipher</i>, etc.  The
cut represents the initials <i>N. W</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A private alphabet, system of
characters, or other mode of writing, contrived for the safe
transmission of secrets; also, a writing in such
characters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His father . . . engaged him when he was very
young to write all his letters to England in <i>cipher</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Cipher key</b></col>, <cd>a key to assist in reading
writings in cipher.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ci"pher</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of a
cipher; of no weight or influence.</def> "Twelve <i>cipher</i>
bishops."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ci"pher</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ciphered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ciphering</u>.] <def>To use figures in a
mathematical process; to do sums in arithmetic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"T was certain he could write and <i>cipher</i>
too.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Ci"pher</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To write in occult characters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His notes he <i>ciphered</i> with Greek
characters.<BR>
<i>Hayward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To get by ciphering; as, to cipher out
the answer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To decipher.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To designate by characters.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ci"pher*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ciphers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci"pher*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Nothingness.</def> [R.]  <i>Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cip"o*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>cippollino</i>, prop., a little onion, fr. <i>cipolla</i>
onion (cf. E. <i>cibol</i>). So called because its veins consist,
like onions, of different strata, one lying upon another.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A whitish marble, from Rome, containiing pale
greenish zones. It consists of calcium carbonate, with zones and
cloudings of talc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cip"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cippi</b></plw> (#). [L., stake, post.] <def>A small, low
pillar, square or round, commonly having an inscription, used by
the ancients for various purposes, as for indicating the
distances of places, for a landmark, for sepulchral inscriptions,
etc.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Circ</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Circus</u>.]
<def>An amphitheatrical circle for sports; a circus.</def> [R.]
<i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cir*car"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sircar</u>.] <def>A district, or part of a province. See
<u>Sircar</u>.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Cir*cas"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Circassia, in Asia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Circassia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir*ce"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Circaeus</i>.] <def>Having the characteristics of Circe,
daughter of Sol and Perseis, a mythological enchantress, who
first charmed her victims and then changed them to the forms of
beasts; pleasing, but noxious; as, a <i>Circean</i>
draught.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cir*cen"sial</hw> (?), <hw>Cir*cen"sian</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Circensis</i>, ludi <i>Circenses</i>,
the games in the Circus Maximus.] <def>Of or pertaining to, or
held in, the Circus, In Rome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pleasure of the <i>Circensian</i> shows.<BR>
<i>Holyday.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir"ci*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
circle.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Circinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"ci*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>circinare</i> to make round, fr.
<i>circinus</i> a pair of compasses, from Gr. &?; a circle.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Rolled together downward, the tip occupying
the center; -- a term used in reference to foliation or leafing,
as in ferns.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"ci*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
a circle around; to encompass.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`ci*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circinatio</i> circle.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An orbicular motion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>bailey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A circle; a concentric layer.</def>
[Obs.] "The <i>circinations</i> and spherical rounds of onions."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cle</hw> (s&etilde;r"k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cercle</i>, F. <i>cercle</i>, fr. L. <i>circulus</i> (Whence
also AS. <i>circul</i>), dim. of <i>circus</i> circle, akin to
Gr. <grk>kri`kos</grk>, <grk>ki`rkos</grk>, circle, ring. Cf.
<u>Circus</u>, <u>Circum-</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A plane figure, bounded by a single
curve line called its <i>circumference</i>, every part of which
is equally distant from a point within it, called the
<i>center</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The line that bounds such a figure; a
circumference; a ring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An instrument of
observation, the graduated limb of which consists of an entire
circle.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When it is fixed to a wall in an observatory, it is
called a <i>mural circle</i>; when mounted with a telescope on an
axis and in Y's, in the plane of the meridian, a <i>meridian or
transit circle</i>; when involving the principle of reflection,
like the sextant, a <i>reflecting circle</i>; and when that of
repeating an angle several times continuously along the graduated
limb, a <i>repeating circle</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A round body; a sphere; an
orb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is he that sitteth upon the <i>circle</i> of
the earth.<BR>
<i>Is. xi. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Compass; circuit; inclosure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>circle</i> of this forest.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A company assembled, or conceived to
assemble, about a central point of interest, or bound by a common
tie; a class or division of society; a coterie; a set.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As his name gradually became known, the
<i>circle</i> of his acquaintance widened.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A circular group of persons; a
ring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A series ending where it begins, and
repeating itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus in a <i>circle</i> runs the peasant's
pain.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A form of argument in
which two or more unproved statements are used to prove each
other; inconclusive reasoning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That heavy bodies descend by gravity; and, again,
that gravity is a quality whereby a heavy body descends, is an
impertinent <i>circle</i> and teaches nothing.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Indirect form of words;
circumlocution.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Has he given the lie,<BR>
In <i>circle</i>, or oblique, or semicircle.<BR>
<i>J. Fletcher.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A territorial division or
district.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <col><b>The Circles of the Holy Roman Empire</b></col>,
ten in number, were those principalities or provinces which had
seats in the German Diet.</p>

<p><col><b>Azimuth circle</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Azimuth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Circle of altitude</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a circle parallel to the horizon, having
its pole in the zenith; an almucantar.</cd> -- <col><b>Circle of
curvature</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Osculating circle of a curve</i>
(Below).</cd> -- <col><b>Circle of declination</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Declination</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Circle of
latitude</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>A
great circle perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic, passing
through its poles.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Spherical
Projection)</i> <cd>A small circle of the sphere whose plane is
perpendicular to the axis.</cd> -- <col><b>Circles of
longitude</b></col>, <cd>lesser circles parallel to the ecliptic,
diminishing as they recede from it.</cd> -- <col><b>Circle of
perpetual apparition</b></col>, <cd>at any given place, the
boundary of that space around the elevated pole, within which the
stars never set. Its distance from the pole is equal to the
latitude of the place.</cd> -- <col><b>Circle of perpetual
occultation</b></col>, <cd>at any given place, the boundary of
the space around the depressed pole, within which the stars never
rise.</cd> -- <col><b>Circle of the sphere</b></col>, <cd>a
circle upon the surface of the sphere, called a <i>great
circle</i> when its plane passes through the center of the
sphere; in all other cases, a <i>small circle</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Diurnal circle</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Diurnal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dress circle</b></col>, <cd>a
gallery in a theater, generally the one containing the prominent
and more expensive seats.</cd> -- <col><b>Druidical
circles</b></col> <i>(Eng. Antiq.)</i>, <cd>a popular name for
certain ancient inclosures formed by rude stones circularly
arranged, as at Stonehenge, near Salisbury.</cd> --
<col><b>Family circle</b></col>, <cd>a gallery in a theater,
usually one containing inexpensive seats.</cd> -- <col><b>Horary
circles</b></col> <i>(Dialing)</i>, <cd>the lines on dials which
show the hours.</cd> -- <col><b>Osculating circle of a
curve</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the circle which touches the
curve at some point in the curve, and close to the point more
nearly coincides with the curve than any other circle. This
circle is used as a measure of the curvature of the curve at the
point, and hence is called <i>circle of curvature</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pitch circle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Pitch</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Vertical circle</b></col>, <cd>an azimuth circle.</cd>
-- <col><b>Voltaic</b></col> <col><b>circle or circuit</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Circuit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To square the
circle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Square</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ring; circlet; compass; circuit; inclosure.</p>

<p><hw>Cir"cle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Circled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Circling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>cerclen</i>, F.
<i>cercler</i>, fr. L. <i>circulare</i> to make round. See
<u>Circle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Circulate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move around; to revolve
around.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Other planets <i>circle</i> other suns.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To encompass, as by a circle; to
surround; to inclose; to encircle.</def>  <i>Prior. Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their heads are <i>circled</i> with a short
turban.<BR>
<i>Dampier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>So he lies, <i>circled</i> with evil.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To circle in</b></col>, <cd>to confine; to hem in; to
keep together; as, to <i>circle</i> bodies <i>in</i>.</cd>
<i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move
circularly; to form a circle; to circulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy name shall <i>circle</i> round the gaping
through.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
form of a circle; round.</def> "Monthly changes in her
<i>circled</i> orb."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mean or
inferior poet, perhaps from his habit of wandering around as a
stroller; an itinerant poet. Also, a name given to the cyclic
poets. See under <u>Cyclic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"clet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A little circle; esp., an ornament for the person, having
the form of a circle; that which encircles, as a ring, a
bracelet, or a headband.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her fair locks in <i>circlet</i> be enrolled.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A round body; an orb.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fairest of stars . . . that crown'st the smiling
morn<BR>
With thy bright <i>circlet</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A circular piece of wood put under a
dish at table.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"co*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cirsocele</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cuit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>circuit</i>, fr. L. <i>circuitus</i>, fr. <i>circuire</i> or
<i>circumire</i> to go around; <i>circum</i> around + <i>ire</i>
to go.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of moving or revolving
around, or as in a circle or orbit; a revolution; as, the
periodical <i>circuit</i> of the earth round the sun.</def>
<i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The circumference of, or distance
round, any space; the measure of a line round an area.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>circuit</i> or compass of Ireland is 1,800
miles.<BR>
<i>J. Stow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which encircles anything, as a
ring or crown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The golden <i>circuit</i> on my head.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The space inclosed within a circle, or
within limits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>circuit</i> wide inclosed with goodliest
trees.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A regular or appointed journeying from
place to place in the exercise of one's calling, as of a judge,
or a preacher.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
certain division of a state or country, established by law for a
judge or judges to visit, for the administration of
justice.</def> <i>Bouvier</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Methodist
Church)</i> <def>A district in which an itinerant preacher
labors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Circumlocution.</def> [Obs.] "Thou
hast used no <i>circuit</i> of words."  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Circuit court</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a court
which sits successively in different places in its circuit (see
<u>Circuit</u>, 6). In the United States, the federal circuit
courts are commonly presided over by a judge of the supreme
court, or a special circuit judge, together with the judge of the
district court. They have jurisdiction within statutory limits,
both in law and equity, in matters of federal cognizance. Some of
the individual States also have circuit courts, which have
general statutory jurisdiction of the same class, in matters of
State cognizance.</cd> -- <col><b>Circuit</b> <i>or</i>
<b>Circuity</b></col> <col><b>of action</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>a longer course of proceedings than is necessary to attain
the object in view.</cd> -- <col><b>To make a circuit</b></col>,
<cd>to go around; to go a roundabout way.</cd> -- <col><b>Voltaic
or Galvanic</b></col> <col><b>circuit or circle</b></col>, <cd>a
continous electrical communication between the two poles of a
battery; an arrangement of voltaic elements or couples with
proper conductors, by which a continuous current of electricity
is established.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cuit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move in a
circle; to go round; to circulate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cuit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To travel
around.</def> [Obs.] "Having <i>circuited</i> the air."  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cuit*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
circuiter.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cuit*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
travels a circuit, as a circuit judge.</def> [R.]  <i>R.
Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cu*i"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circuitio</i>. See <u>Circuit</u>.] <def>The act of going
round; circumlocution.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cir*cu"i*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>circuitosus</i>.] <def>Going round in a circuit; roundabout;
indirect; as, a <i>circuitous</i> road; a <i>circuitous</i>
manner of accomplishing an end.</def> --
<wf>Cir*cu"i*tous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cir*cu"i*tous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tortuous; winding; sinuous; serpentine.</p>

<p><hw>Cir*cu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A going
round in a circle; a course not direct; a roundabout way of
proceeding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cu*la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may
be circulated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circularis</i>, fr. <i>circulus</i> circle: cf. F.
<i>circulaire</i>. See <u>Circle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the form of, or bounded by, a
circle; round.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>repeating itself; ending in itself;
reverting to the point of beginning; hence, illogical;
inconclusive; as, <i>circular</i> reasoning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Adhering to a fixed circle of legends;
cyclic; hence, mean; inferior. See <i>Cyclic poets</i>, under
<u>Cyclic</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had Virgil been a <i>circular</i> poet, and
closely adhered to history, how could the Romans have had
Dido?<BR>
<i>Dennis.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Addressed to a circle, or to a number
of persons having a common interest; circulated, or intended for
circulation; as, a <i>circular</i> letter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A proclamation of Henry III., . . . doubtless
<i>circular</i> throughout England.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Perfect; complete.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man so absolute and <i>circular</i><BR>
In all those wished-for rarities that may take<BR>
A virgin captive.<BR>
<i>Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Circular are</b></col>, <cd>any portion of the
circumference of a circle.</cd> -- <col><b>Circular
cubics</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>curves of the third order
which are imagined to pass through the two circular points at
infinity.</cd> -- <col><b>Circular functions</b></col>.
<i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Function</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Circular instruments</b></col>, <cd>mathematical
instruments employed for measuring angles, in which the
graduation extends round the whole circumference of a circle, or
360&deg;.</cd> -- <col><b>Circular lines</b></col>, <cd>straight
lines pertaining to the circle, as sines, tangents, secants,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Circular</b></col> <col><b>note or
letter</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Com.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Credit</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Diplomacy)</i> <cd>A
letter addressed in identical terms to a number of persons.</cd>
-- <col><b>Circular numbers</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>those
whose powers terminate in the same digits as the roots
themselves; as 5 and 6, whose squares are 25 and 36.</cd>
<i>Bailey.</i> <i>Barlow.</i> -- <col><b>Circular points at
infinity</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>two imaginary points at
infinite distance through which every circle in the plane is, in
the theory of curves, imagined to pass.</cd> -- <col><b>Circular
polarization</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Polarization</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Circular or
Globular</b></col> <col><b>sailing</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>the method of sailing by the arc of a great circle.</cd> --
<col><b>Circular saw</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Saw</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cu*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. (for sense 1)
F. <i>circulaire</i>, lettre <i>circulaire</i>. See
<u>Circular</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A circular letter, or paper, usually
printed, copies of which are addressed or given to various
persons; as, a business <i>circular</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sleeveless cloak, cut in circular
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>circularise</hw> <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>to canvass by distributing letters.</def><BR>
<b>Syn. --</b> circularize.<BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>to distribute circulars to.</def><BR>
<b>Syn. --</b> circularize.<BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>to to pass around, as
information.</def><BR>
<b>Syn. --</b> circulate, circularize, distribute, disseminate,
propagate, broadcast, spread, diffuse, disperse.<BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><hw>Cir`cu*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>circularitas</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
circular; a circular form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cu*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
circular manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cu*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Circular;
illogical.</def> [Obs. &amp; .] "Cross and <i>circulary</i>
speeches."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cu*late</hw> (#), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Circulated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Circulating</u>.] [L. <i>circulatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>circulare</i>, v. t., to surround, make round,
<i>circulari</i>, v. i., to gather into a circle. See
<u>Circle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move in a circle or circuitously;
to move round and return to the same point; as, the blood
<i>circulates</i> in the body.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass from place to place, from
person to person, or from hand to hand; to be diffused; as, money
<i>circulates</i>; a story <i>circulates.</i></def></p>

<p><! p. 258 !></p>

<p><col><b>Circulating decimal</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Decimal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Circulating library</b></col>,
<cd>a library whose books are loaned to the public, usually at
certain fixed rates.</cd> -- <col><b>Circulating
medium</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Medium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
cause to pass from place to place, or from person to person; to
spread; as, to <i>circulate</i> a report; to <i>circulate</i>
bills of credit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Circulating pump</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Pump</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To spread; diffuse; propagate; disseminate.</p>

<p><hw>Cir`cu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>circulation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of moving in a circle, or in a course which brings
the moving body to the place where its motion began.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This continual <i>circulation</i> of human
things.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of passing from place to place
or person to person; free diffusion; transmission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The true doctrines of astronomy appear to have had
some popular <i>circulation</i>.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Currency; circulating coin; notes,
bills, etc., current for coin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The extent to which anything
circulates or is circulated; the measure of diffusion; as, the
<i>circulation</i> of a newspaper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The movement of the
blood in the blood-vascular system, by which it is brought into
close relations with almost every living elementary constituent.
Also, the movement of the sap in the vessels and tissues of
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cu*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Promoting circulation; circulating.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cu*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.  L.
<i>circulator</i> a peddler.] <def>One who, or that which,
circulates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cu*la*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Travelling from house to house or from town to town;
itinerant.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Circulatorious</i> jugglers."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cu*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circulatorius</i> pert. to a mountebank: cf. F.
<i>circulatoire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Circular; as, a <i>circulatory</i>
letter.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Circulating, or going round.</def>
<i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Subserving the purposes
of circulation; as, <i>circulatory</i> organs; of or pertaining
to the organs of circulation; as, <i>circulatory</i>
diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cu*la*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chemical
vessel consisting of two portions unequally exposed to the heat
of the fire, and with connecting pipes or passages, through which
the fluid rises from the overheated portion, and descends from
the relatively colder, maintaining a circulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cu*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
circlet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cu*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Proceeding
in a circle; circular.</def>  [Obs.] "With motion
<i>circuline</i>".  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum-</hw> (?). [Akin to <i>circle</i>, <i>circus</i>.]
<def>A Latin preposition, used as a prefix in many English words,
and signifying <i>around</i> or <i>about</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*ag"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum + agitate</i>.] <def>To agitate on all sides.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*am"bage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum-</i> + <i>ambage</i>, obs. sing. of <i>ambages</i>.]
<def>A roundabout or indirect course; indirectness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>S. Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*am"bi*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of surrounding or encompassing.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*am"bi*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum-</i> + <i>ambient</i>.] <def>Surrounding; inclosing or
being on all sides; encompassing.</def> "The <i>circumambient
heaven</i>."  <i>J. Armstrong.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*am"bu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumambulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>circumambulare</i> to walk
around; <i>circum + ambulare</i>. See <u>Ambulate</u>.] <def>To
walk round about.</def> -- <wf>Cir`cum*am`bu*la"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*bend"i*bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
roundabout or indirect way.</def> [Jocular]
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*cen"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The center of a circle that circumscribes a
triangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*cise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Circumcised</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Circumcising</u>.] [L.
<i>circumcisus</i>, p. p. of <i>circumcidere</i> to cut around,
to circumcise; <i>circum + caedere</i> to cut; akin to E.
<i>c&aelig;sura</i>, homi<i>cide</i>, con<i>cise</i>, and prob.
to <i>shed</i>, v. t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut off the
prepuce of foreskin of, in the case of males, and the internal
labia of, in the case of females.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>To purify
spiritually.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*ci`ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
performs circumcision.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*cision</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumcisio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of cutting
off the prepuce or foreskin of males, or the internal labia of
females.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>circumcision</i> of males is practiced as a
religious rite by the Jews, Mohammedans, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The Jews, as a circumcised people.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Rejection of the sins of the flesh; spiritual purification,
and acceptance of the Christian faith.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*clu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumcludere</i>, <i>-clusum</i>, to inclose.] <def>Act of
inclosing on all sides.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*cur*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumcursare</i>, <i>-satum</i>, to run round about.]
<def>The act of running about; also, rambling language.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*den`u*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>circum-</i> + <i>denudation</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Denudation around or in the neighborhood of an
object.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hills of circumdenudation</b></col>, <cd>hills which
have been produced by surface erosion; the elevations which have
been left, after denudation of a mass of high ground.</cd>
<i>Jukes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Circumduct</u>.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>To declare elapsed,
as the time allowed for introducing evidence.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*duct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumductus</i>, p. p. of <i>circumducere</i> to lead around;
<i>circum</i> + <i>ducere</i> to lead.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To lead about; to lead astray.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To contravene; to
nullify; as, to <i>circumduct</i> acts of judicature.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumductio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leading about;
circumlocution.</def> [R.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An annulling; cancellation.</def> [R.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The rotation of a
limb round an imaginary axis, so as to describe a conical
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*e*soph"a*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum-</i> + <i>esophagal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Surrounding the esophagus; -- in <i>Zo&ouml;l.</i> said of
the nerve commissures and ganglia of arthropods and
mollusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*e`so*phag"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Circumesophagal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumferre</i>; <i>circum-</i> + <i>ferre</i> to bear. See
1st <u>Bear</u>.] <def>To bear or carry round.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir*cum"fer*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumferentia</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The line that goes round or
encompasses a circular figure; a periphery.</def>
<i>Millon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A circle; anything circular.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His ponderous shield . . .<BR>
Behind him cast. The broad <i>circumference</i><BR>
Hung on his shoulders like the moon.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The external surface of a sphere, or
of any orbicular body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir*cum"fer*ence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
include in a circular space; to bound.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir*cum`fer*en"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>circumferentialis</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the circumference;
encompassing; encircling; circuitous.</def>
<i>Parkhurst.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir*cum`fer*en"tial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>So as to surround or encircle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir*cum`fer*en"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Circumfer</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A surveying instrument, for taking
horizontal angles and bearings; a surveyor's compass. It consists
of a compass whose needle plays over a circle graduated to
360&deg;, and of a horizontal brass bar at the ends of which are
standards with narrow slits for sighting, supported on a tripod
by a ball and socket joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A graduated wheel for measuring tires;
a tire circle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*flant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumflans</i>, p. pr. of <i>circumflare</i>.] <def>Blowing
around.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*flect</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Circumflected</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Circumflecting</u>.] [L.
<i>circumflectere</i>. See <u>Circumflex</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bend around.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark with the circumflex accent, as
a vowel.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*flec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Circumflexion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*flex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumflexus</i> a bending round, fr. <i>circumflectere</i>,
<i>circumflexum</i>, to bend or turn about; <i>circum +
flectere</i> to bend. See <u>Flexible</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wave of the voice embracing both a
rise and fall or a fall and a rise on the same a syllable.</def>
<i>Walker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A character, or accent, denoting in
Greek a rise and of the voice on the same long syllable, marked
thus [~ or &?;]; and in Latin and some other languages, denoting
a long and contracted syllable, marked [&?; or ^]. See
<u>Accent</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*flex</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Circumflexed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Circumflexing</u> (?).] <def>To mark or pronounce
with a circumflex.</def>  <i>Walker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*flex</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>circumflexus</i>, p. p.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving or turning round;
circuitous.</def> [R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Curved circularly; --
applied to several arteries of the hip and thigh, to arteries,
veins, and a nerve of the shoulder, and to other parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*flex"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of bending, or causing to assume
a curved form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A winding about; a turning; a
circuity; a fold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir*cum"flu*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
flowing round on all sides; an inclosing with a fluid.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cir*cum"flu*ent</hw> (?), <hw>Cir*cum"flu*ous</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>circumfluere</i>, p. pr. of
<i>circumfluere</i>; <i>circum + fluere</i> to flow; also L.
<i>circumfluus</i>.] <def>Flowing round; surrounding in the
manner of a fluid.</def> "The deep, <i>circumfluent</i> waves."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cir`cum*fo*ra"ne*an</hw> (?),
<hw>Cir`cum*fo*ra"ne*ous</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumforaneus</i> found in markets; <i>circum + forum</i> a
market place.] <def>Going about or abroad; walking or wandering
from house to house.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*ful"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum-</i> + <i>fulgent</i>.] <def>Shining around or
about.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumfusus</i>, p. p. of <i>circumfundere</i> to pour around;
<i>circum + fundere</i> to pour.] <def>To pour round; to spread
round.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His army <i>circumfused</i> on either wing.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*fu"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum-</i> + L. <i>fusilis</i> fusil, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Capable of being poured or spread round.</def>
"<i>Circumfusile</i> gold."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*fu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumfusio</i>.] <def>The act of pouring or spreading round;
the state of being spread round.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*ges*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumgestare</i> to carry around; <i>circum + gestare</i> to
carry.] <def>The act or process of carrying about.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Circumgestation</i> of the eucharist to be
adored.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*gy"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>circum-</i> + <i>gyrate</i>.] <def>To roll or turn
round; to cause to perform a rotary or circular motion.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*gy*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of turning, rolling, or whirling round.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A certain turbulent and irregular
<i>circumgyration</i>.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*gy"ra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Moving in a circle; turning round.</def>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*gyre"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
circumgyrate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*in*ces"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum-</i> + L. <i>incedere</i>, <i>incessum</i>, to walk.]
<i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The reciprocal existence in each other of
the three persons of the Trinity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*ja"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Condition of being circumjacent, or of bordering on every
side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*ja"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumjacens</i>, p. pr. of <i>circumjacere</i>; <i>circum</i>
+ <i>jac&emacr;re</i> to lie.] <def>Lying round; bordering on
every side.</def>  <i>T. Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*jo"vi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum-</i> + L. <i>Jupiter</i>, gen. <i>Jovis</i>, Jove.]
<def>One of the moons or satellites of the planet Jupiter.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*lit"to*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum-</i> + L. <i>littus</i>, <i>littoris</i>, shore;
preferable form, <i>litus</i>, <i>litoris</i>.] <def>Adjointing
the shore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*lo*cu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumlocutio</i>, fr. <i>circumloqui</i>, <i>-locutus</i>, to
make use of circumlocution; <i>circum</i> + <i>loqui</i> to
speak. See <u>Loquacious</u>.] <def>The use of many words to
express an idea that might be expressed by few; indirect or
roundabout language; a periphrase.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>the plain Billingsgate way of calling names . . .
would save abundance of time lost by <i>circumlocution</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Circumlocution office</b></col>, <cd>a term of
ridicule for a governmental office where business is delayed by
passing through the hands of different officials.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*lo*cu"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to, or consisting of, circumlocutions;
periphrastic; circuitous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*loc"u*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characterised by circumlocution; periphrastic.</def>
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The officials set to work in regular
<i>circumlocutory</i> order.<BR>
<i>Chambers's Journal.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*me*rid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum-</i> + <i>meridian</i>.] <def>About, or near, the
meridian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*mure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum-</i> + <i>mure</i>, v. t.] <def>To encompass with a
wall.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*nav"i*ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being sailed round.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*nav"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Circumnavigated</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Circumnavigating</u> (?).]
[L. <i>circumnavigatus</i>, p. p. of <i>circumnavigare</i> to
sail round; <i>circum + navigare</i> to navigate.] <def>To sail
completely round.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Having <i>circumnavigated</i> the whole earth.<BR>
<i>T. Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*nav`i*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of circumnavigating, or sailing round.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*nav"iga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who sails round.</def>  <i>W. Guthrie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*nu"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum-</i> + <i>nutate</i>.] <def>To pass through the stages
of circumnutation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*nu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The successive bowing or bending in different
directions of the growing tip of the stems of many plants,
especially seen in climbing plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*po"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum-</i> + <i>polar</i>.] <def>About the pole; -- applied
to stars that revolve around the pole without setting; as,
<i>circumpolar</i> stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumpositio</i>, fr. <i>circumponere</i>, - <i>positium</i>,
to place around.] <def>The act of placing in a circle, or round
about, or the state of being so placed.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cir`cum*ro"tary</hw> (?), <hw>Cir`cum*ro"ta*to*ry</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>circum-</i> +
<i>rotary</i>, <i>rotatory</i>.] <def>turning, rolling, or
whirling round.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*ro"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumrotare</i>; <i>circum + rotare</i> to turn round.]
<def>To rotate about.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*ro*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of rolling or revolving round, as a wheel; circumvolution;
the state of being whirled round.</def>  <i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*scis"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>circum-</i> + <i>scissle</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Dehiscing or
opening by a transverse fissure extending around (a capsule or
pod). See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Pyxidium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*scrib"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being circumscribed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Circumscribed</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Circumscribing</u>.] [L.
<i>circumscribere</i>, <i>-scriptum</i>; <i>circum + scribere</i>
to write, draw. See <u>Soribe</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>to write or engrave around.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thereon is <i>circumscribed</i> this epitaph.<BR>
<i>Ashmole.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inclose within a certain limit; to
hem in; to surround; to bound; to confine; to restrain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>circumscribe</i> royal power.<BR>
<i>Bancroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>To draw a line around
so as to touch at certain points without cutting. See
<u>Inscribe</u>, 5.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To bound; limit; restrict; confine; abridge;
restrain; environ; encircle; inclose; encompass.</p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*scrib"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, circumscribes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*scrip"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being circumscribed or limited by
bounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*scrip"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumscriptio</i>. See <u>Circumscribe</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inscription written around
anything.</def> [R.]  <i>Ashmole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The exterior line which determines the
form or magnitude of a body; outline; periphery.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of limiting, or the state of
being limited, by conditions or restraints; bound; confinement;
limit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>circumscriptions</i> of terrestrial
nature.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I would not my unhoused, free condition<BR>
Put into <i>circumscription</i> and confine.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*scrip"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Circumscribing or tending to circumscribe; marcing the
limits or form of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*scrip"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
a limited manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*script`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
a literal, limited, or narrow manner.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*spect</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumspectus</i>, p. p. of <i>circumspicere</i> to look about
one's self, to observe; <i>circum + spicere</i>, <i>specere</i>,
to look. See <u>Spy</u>.] <def>Attentive to all the circumstances
of a case or the probable consequences of an action; cautious;
prudent; wary.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Cautious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*spec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumspectio</i>.] <def>Attention to all the facts and
circumstances of a case; caution; watchfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With silent <i>circumspection</i>, unespied.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Caution; prudence; watchfulness; deliberation;
thoughtfulness; wariness; forecast.</p>

<p><! p. 259 !></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*spec"tive</hw>
(s&etilde;r`k&ubreve;m*sp&ebreve;k"t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Looking around every way; cautious;
careful of consequences; watchful of danger.</def>
"<i>Circumspective</i> eyes."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*spec"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Circumspectly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*spect"ly</hw> (-sp&ebreve;kt"l>ycr/),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a circumspect manner; cautiously;
warily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*spect"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Vigilance in guarding against evil from every quarter;
caution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Travel] forces <i>circumspectness</i> on those
abroad, who at home are nursed in security.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*stance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumstantia</i>, fr. <i>circumstans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p.
pr. of <i>circumstare</i> to stand around; <i>circum + stare</i>
to stand. See <u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event;
an attendant thing or state of things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>circumstances</i> are well known in the
country where they happened.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An event; a fact; a particular
incident.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sculptor had in his thoughts the conqueror
weeping for new worlds, or the like <i>circumstances</i> in
history.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Circumlocution; detail.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So without more <i>circumstance</i> at all<BR>
I hold it fit that we shake hands and part.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Condition in regard to
worldly estate; state of property; situation;
surroundings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When men are easy in their <i>circumstances</i>,
they are naturally enemies to innovations.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Not a circumstance</b></col>, <cd>of no account.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>Under the circumstances</b></col>,
<cd>taking all things into consideration.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Event; occurrence; incident; situation;
condition; position; fact; detail; item. See <u>Event</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*stance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place
in a particular situation; to supply relative
incidents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The poet took the matters of fact as they came
down to him and <i>circumstanced</i> them, after his own
manner.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*stanced</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Placed in a particular position or
condition; situated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The proposition is, that two bodies so
<i>circumstanced</i> will balance each other.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Governed by events or
circumstances.</def> [Poetic  &amp; R.] "I must be
<i>circumstanced</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cum*stant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumstans</i>. See <u>Circumstance</u>.] <def>Standing or
placed around; surrounding.</def> [R.] "<i>Circumstant</i>
bodies."  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*stan"tia*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being circumstantiated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*stan"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>circonstanciel</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting in, or pertaining to,
circumstances or particular incidents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The usual character of human testimony is
substantial truth under <i>circumstantial</i> variety.<BR>
<i>Paley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incidental; relating to, but not
essential.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must therefore distinguish between the
essentials in religious worship . . . and what is merely
<i>circumstantial</i>.<BR>
<i>Sharp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with circumstances;
detailing or exhibiting all the circumstances; minute;
particular.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tedious and <i>circumstantial</i> recitals.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Circumstantial evidence</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>evidence obtained from circumstances, which necessarily or
usually attend facts of a particular nature, from which arises
presumption. According to some authorities <i>circumstantial</i>
is distinguished from <i>positive</i> evidence in that the latter
is the testimony of eyewitnesses to a fact or the admission of a
party; but the prevalent opinion now is that all such testimony
is dependent on circumstances for its support. All testimony is
more or less <i>circumstantial</i>.</cd> <i>Wharton</i>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Minute</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*stan"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Something incidental to the main subject, but of less
importance; opposed to an <i>essential</i>; -- generally in the
plural; as, the <i>circumstantials</i> of religion.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*stan`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state, characteristic, or quality of being
circumstantial; particularity or minuteness of detail.</def> "I
will endeavor to describe with sufficient
<i>circumstantiality</i>."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*stan"tial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In respect to circumstances; not
essentially; accidentally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of the fancy and intellect, the powers are only
<i>circumstantially</i> different.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In every circumstance or particular;
minutely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To set down somewhat <i>circumstantially</i>, not
only the events, but the manner of my trials.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*stan"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Circumstantiated</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Circumstantiating</u> (?).]
[See <u>Circumstantiating</u> (&?;).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place in particular circumstances;
to invest with particular accidents or adjuncts.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If the act were otherwise <i>circumstantiated</i>,
it might will that freely which now it wills reluctantly.<BR>
<i>Bramhall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prove or confirm by circumstances;
to enter into details concerning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither will time permint to
<i>circumstantiate</i> these particulars, which I have only
touched in the general.<BR>
<i>State Trials (1661).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*ter*ra"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>circum-</i> + L. <i>terra</i> earth.] <def>Being or
dwelling around the earth.</def> "<i>Circumterraneous</i>
demouns."  <i>H. Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*un"du*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v.  t.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>circum-</i> + <i>undulate</i>.] <def>To flow round, as
waves.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*val"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumvallatus</i>, p. p. of <i>circumvallare</i> to surround
with a wall; <i>circum</i> + <i>vallare</i> to wall, fr.
<i>vallum</i> rampart.] <def>To surround with a rampart or
wall.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*val"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Surrounded with a wall; inclosed with a
rampart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Surrounded by a ridge
or elevation; as, the <i>circumvallate</i> papill&aelig;, near
the base of the tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*val*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of surrounding
with a wall or rampart.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A line of
field works made around a besieged place and the besieging army,
to protect the camp of the besiegers against the attack of an
enemy from without.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*vec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumvectio</i>; <i>circum</i> + <i>vehere</i> to carry.]
<def>The act of carrying anything around, or the state of being
so carried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*vent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Circumvented</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Circumventing</u>.] [L.
<i>circumventis</i>, p. p. of <i>circumvenire</i>, to come
around, encompass, deceive; <i>circum</i> + <i>venire</i> to
come, akin to E. <i>come.</i>] <def>To gain advantage over by
arts, stratagem, or deception; to decieve; to delude; to get
around.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>circumvented</i> whom I could not gain.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*ven"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumventio</i>.] <def>The act of prevailing over another by
arts, address, or fraud; deception; fraud; imposture;
delusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A school in which he learns sly
<i>circumvention</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*vent"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tending to circumvent; deceiving by artifices;
deluding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*vent"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>One who circumvents; one who gains his purpose by
cunning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*vest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumvestire</i>; <i>circum + vestire</i> to clothe.] <def>To
cover round, as with a garment; to invest.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Circumvested</i> with much prejudice.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir*cum"vo*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumvolans</i>, p. pr. See <u>Circumvolation</u>.]
<def>Flying around.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>circumvolant</i> troubles of humanity.<BR>
<i>G. Macdonald.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*vo*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>circumvolate</i>. <i>-volatum</i>, to fly around; <i>circum +
volare</i> to fly.] <def>The act of flying round.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*vo*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Circumvolve</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rolling round; the state of
being rolled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thing rolled round another.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A roundabout procedure; a
circumlocution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had neither time nor temper for sentimental
<i>circumvolutions</i>.<BR>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*volve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Circumvolved</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Circumvolving</u>.] [L.
<i>circumvolvere</i>, <i>-volutum</i>; <i>circum + volvere</i> to
roll.] <def>To roll round; to cause to revolve; to put into a
circular motion.</def>  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cir`cum*volve"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To roll
round; to revolve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Circuses</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>circus</i> circle, ring,
circus (in sense 1). See <u>Circle</u>, and cf. <u>Cirque</u>.]
</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Roman Antiq.)</i> <def>A level oblong
space surrounded on three sides by seats of wood, earth, or
stone, rising in tiers one above another, and divided lengthwise
through the middle by a barrier around which the track or course
was laid out. It was used for chariot races, games, and public
shows.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Circus Maximus</i> at Rome could contain more
than 100,000 spectators.  <i>Harpers' Latin Dict.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A circular inclosure for the
exhibition of feats of horsemanship, acrobatic displays, etc.
Also, the company of performers, with their equipage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Circuit; space; inclosure.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The narrow <i>circus</i> of my dungeon wall.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cirl" bun`ting</hw> (?). [Cf. It. <i>cirlo</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European bunting (<i>Emberiza
cirlus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cirque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>circus</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A circle; a circus; a circular
erection or arrangement of objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dismal <i>cirque</i><BR>
Of Druid stones upon a forlorn moor.<BR>
<i>Keats.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of circular valley in the side
of a mountain, walled around by precipices of great
height.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cirratus</i> having ringlets, fr. <i>cirrus</i> a curl.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having cirri along the margin of a part
or organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir*rhif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cirriferous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"rhose</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Cirrose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cir*rho"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; orange-colored: cf. F. <i>cirrhose</i>. So called from the
yellowish appearance which the diseased liver often presents when
cut.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease of the liver in which it
usually becomes smaller in size and more dense and fibrous in
consistence; hence sometimes applied to similar changes in other
organs, caused by increase in the fibrous framework and decrease
in the proper substance of the organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir*rhot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, caused by, or affected with, cirrhosis; as, <i>cirrhotic</i>
degeneration; a <i>cirrhotic</i> liver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"rhous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cirrose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"rhus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Cirrus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cir"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cirrus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cirrus</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing cirri, as many
plants and animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cirrus</i>
+ <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Formed like a cirrus or
tendril; -- said of appendages of both animals and
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir*rig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cirrus</i> + <i>-gerous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having
curled locks of hair; supporting cirri, or hairlike
appendages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"ri*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cirrus</i>
+ L. <i>gradi</i> to walk.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Moving or moved
by cirri, or hairlike appendages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"ri*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Cirripedia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cir`ri*pe"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>cirrus</i> curl + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of Crustacea including the
barnacles. When adult, they have a calcareous shell composed of
several pieces. From the opening of the shell the animal throws
out a group of curved legs, looking like a delicate curl, whence
the name of the group. See <u>Anatifa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cir`ro*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. E. <i>cirrus</i> + L. <i>branchiae</i> gills.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Mollusca having slender,
cirriform appendages near the mouth; the Scaphopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`ro-cu"mu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cirrus</i> + <i>cumulus</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Cloud</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"rose</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cirrus</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Bearing a
tendril or tendrils; as, a <i>cirrose</i> leaf.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Resembling a tendril or cirrus.</def>
[Spelt also <i>cirrhose</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cir`ros"to*mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. E. <i>cirrus</i> + Gr. &?; mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The lowest group of vertebrates; -- so called from the cirri
around the mouth; the Leptocardia. See
<u>Amphioxus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir`ro-stra"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cirrus</i> + <i>stratus</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Cloud</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Cirrose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Tufted; -- said of
certain feathers of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cir"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cirri</b></plw> (#). [L., lock, curl, ringlet.] [Also
written <i>cirrhus</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tendril or
clasper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A soft tactile appendage of the mantle of many Mollusca, and
of the parapodia of Annelida. Those near the head of annelids are
<i>Tentacular cirri</i>; those of the last segment are <i>caudal
cirri</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The jointed, leglike
organs of Cirripedia. See <u>Annelida</u>, and
<u>Polych&aelig;ta</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In some of the inferior animals the <i>cirri</i> aid in
locomotion; in others they are used in feeding; in the Annelida
they are mostly organs of touch. Some <i>cirri</i> are branchial
in function.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The external male
organ of trematodes and some other worms, and of certain
Mollusca.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Cloud</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"so*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
dilated vein + &?; tumor.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The varicose
dilatation of the spermatic vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cir"soid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a dilated
vein + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Varicose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cirsoid aneurism</b></col>, <cd>a disease of an artery
in which it becomes dilated and elongated, like a varicose
vein.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cir*sot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
dilated vein + &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Any operation for
the removal of varices by incision.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cis-</hw> (?). <def>A Latin preposition, sometimes used as
a prefix in English words, and signifying <i>on this
side</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cis*al"pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Cisalpinus</i>; <i>cis</i> on this side + <i>Alpinus</i>
Alpine.] <def>On the hither side of the Alps with reference to
Rome, that is, on the south side of the Alps; -- opposed to
<i>transalpine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cis`at*lan"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>cis-</i> + <i>Atlantic</i>.] <def>On this side of the Atlantic
Ocean; -- used of the eastern or the western side, according to
the standpoint of the writer.</def>  <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cis"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Lake herring (<i>Coregonus Artedi</i>), valuable food
fish of the Great Lakes of North America. The name is also
applied to <i>C. Hoyi</i>, a related species of Lake
Michigan.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ci`se*lure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The
process of chasing on metals; also, the work thus chased.</def>
<i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cis*lei"than</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>cis-
</i> + <i>Leitha</i>.] <def>On the Austrian side of the river
Leitha; Austrian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cis*mon"tane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>cis-
</i> + L. <i>mons</i> mountain.] <def>On this side of the
mountains. See under <u>Ultramontane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cis"pa*dane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>cis-
</i> + L. <i>Padanus</i>, pert. to the <i>Padus</i> or Po.]
<def>On the hither side of the river Po with reference to Rome;
that is, on the south side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cis"soid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; like ivy;
&?; ivy + &?; form.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A curve invented by
Diocles, for the purpose of solving two celebrated problems of
the higher geometry; viz., to trisect a plane angle, and to
construct two geometrical means between two given straight
lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cista</i> box,
chest, Gr. &?; Cf. <u>Chest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A box or chest.
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A bronze receptacle, round or
oval, frequently decorated with engravings on the sides and
cover, and with feet, handles, etc., of decorative castings.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A cinerary urn. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Cyst</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cist"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclosed in a
cyst. See <u>Cysted</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cis*ter"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>Cistercium</i>. F. <i>C&icirc;teaux</i>, a convent not far
from Dijon, in France: cf. F. <i>cistercien</i>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>A monk of the prolific branch of the Benedictine Order,
established in 1098 at C&icirc;teaux, in France, by Robert, abbot
of Molesme. For two hundred years the Cistercians followed the
rule of St. Benedict in all its rigor.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Of or pertaining to the
Cistercians.</def></p>

<p><! p. 260 !></p>

<p><hw>Cis"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cisterne</i>, OF. <i>cisterne</i>, F. <i>cisterne</i>, fr. L.
<i>cisterna</i>, fr. <i>cista</i> box, chest. See <u>Cist</u>,
and cf. <u>chest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An artificial
reservoir or tank for holding water, beer, or other
liquids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A natural reservoir; a hollow place
containing water.</def> "The wide <i>cisterns</i> of the lakes."
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cist"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cystic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cit</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr.
<i>citizen</i>.] <def>A citizen; an inhabitant of a city; a pert
townsman; -- used contemptuously.</def> "Insulted as a
<i>cit</i>".  <i>Johnson</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which past endurance sting the tender
<i>cit</i>.<BR>
<i>Emerson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cit"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being cited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cit"a*del</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>citadelle</i>, It. <i>citadella</i>, di&?;. of <i>citt&?;</i>
city, fr. L. <i>civitas</i>. See <u>City</u>.] <def>A fortress in
or near a fortified city, commanding the city and fortifications,
and intended as a final point of defense.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Syn</b></col>. -- <cd>Stronghold. See
<u>Fortress</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cit"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Cite</u>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Summons to appear, as before a
judge.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Citation; quotation</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ci*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>citation</i>, LL. <i>citatio</i>, fr.L. <i>citare</i> to cite.
See <u>Cite</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An official summons or
notice given to a person to appear; the paper containing such
summons or notice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of citing a passage from a
book, or from another person, in his own words; also, the passage
or words quoted; quotation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This horse load of <i>citations</i> and
fathers.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Enumeration; mention; as, a
<i>citation</i> of facts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A reference to decided
cases, or books of authority, to prove a point in law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ci*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
cites.</def> [R]</p>

<p><hw>Ci"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>citatirius</i>.] <def>Having the power or form of a citation;
as, letters <i>citatory</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Citing</u>] [F. <i>citer</i>, fr. L. <i>citare</i>, intens. of
<i>cire</i>, <i>ci&emacr;re</i>, to put in motion, to excite;
akin to Gr.&?; to go, Skr. &?; to sharpen.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To call upon officially or authoritatively to appear, as
before a court; to summon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cited</i> dead,<BR>
Of all past ages, to the general doom<BR>
Shall hasten.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cited</i> by finger of God.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To urge; to enjoin.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To quote; to repeat, as a passage from
a book, or the words of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The devil can <i>cite</i> Scripture for his
purpose.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To refer to or specify, as for
support, proof, illustration, or confirmation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The imperfections which you have <i>cited</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bespeak; to indicate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Aged honor <i>cites</i> a virtuous youth.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To notify of a proceeding
in court.</def>  <i>Abbot</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To quote; mention, name; refer to; adduce;
select; call; summon. See <u>Quote</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cit"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
cites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cit"ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Cit</u>.]
<def>A city woman</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cith"a*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. Cf.
<u>Cittern</u>, <u>Guitar</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An ancient
instrument resembling the harp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cith`a*ris"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.&?;,
fr.&?; cithara.] <def>Pertaining, or adapted, to the
cithara.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cith"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cittern</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cit"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>cit</i>.] <def>The manners of a cit or citizen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cit"ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to, or resembling, a city.</def> "Smoky,
<i>citied</i> towns" [R.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing, or covered with,
cities.</def> [R.] "The <i>citied</i> earth."  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cit"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>City</i>
+<i>-fy</i>.] <def>Aping, or having, the manners of a
city.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cit`i*gra"d&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. L. <i>citus</i> swift (p. p. of <i>cire</i>,
<i>ciere</i>, to move) + <i>gradi</i> to walk. See <u>Cite</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of Arachnoidea, including the
European tarantula and the wolf spiders (<i>Lycosidae</i>) and
their allies, which capture their prey by rapidly running and
jumping. See <u>Wolf spider</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cit"i*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>citigrade</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
Citigrad&aelig;.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Citigrad&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cit"i*ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
born or bred in a city; a citizen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Champan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cit"i*zen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>citisein</i>, OF. <i>citeain</i>, F. <i>citoyen</i>, fr.
<i>cit&eacute;</i> city.  See <u>City</u>, and cf. <u>Cit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who enjoys the freedom and privileges
of a city; a freeman of a city, as distinguished from a
foreigner, or one not entitled to its franchises.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That large body of the working men who were not
counted as <i>citizens</i> and had not so much as a vote to serve
as an anodyne to their stomachs.<BR>
<i>G. Eliot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant of a city; a
townsman.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person, native or naturalized, of
either sex, who owes allegiance to a government, and is entitled
to reciprocal protection from it.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This protection is . . . national protection,
recognition of the individual, in the face of foreign nations, as
a member of the state, and assertion of his security and rights
abroad as well as at home.  <i>Abbot</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who is domiciled in a country, and
who is a citizen, though neither native nor naturalized, in such
a sense that he takes his legal <i>status</i> from such
country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cit"i*zen</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the condition or qualities of a citizen, or of
citizens; as, a <i>citizen</i> soldiery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the inhabitants of
a city; characteristic of citizens; effeminate; luxurious.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am not well,<BR>
But not so <i>citizen</i> a wanton as<BR>
To seem to die ere sick.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cit"i*zen*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
citizen.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cit"i*zen*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being a citizen; the status of a citizen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cit"ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>citole</i>,
fr. L. <i>cithara</i>. <u>See Cittern</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
musical instrument; a kind of dulcimer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cit`ra*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Citric</i> + <i>acon</i>itic.] <def>Pertaining to, derived
from, or having certain characteristics of, citric and aconitic
acids.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Citraconic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white,
crystalline, deliquescent substance,
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>4</sub>(CO<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>2</sub>, obtained
by distillation of citric acid. It is a compound of the ethylene
series.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cit"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Citric</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of citric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cit"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>citrique</i>. See <u>Citron</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or derived from, the citron or lemon; as,
<i>citric</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Citric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an organic
acid, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>4</sub>OH.(CO<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>3</sub>,
extracted from lemons, currants, gooseberries, etc., as a white
crystalline substance, having a pleasant sour taste.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cit`ri*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Citrine</u>.] <def>The process by which anything becomes of
the color of a lemon; esp., in alchemy, the state of perfection
in the philosopher's stone indicated by its assuming a deep
yellow color.</def>  <i>Thynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cit"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>citrin</i>.
See <u>Citron</u>.] <def>Like a citron or lemon; of a lemon
color; greenish yellow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Citrine ointment</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
yellowish mercurial ointment, the <i>unguentum hydrargyri
nitratis</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cit"rine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yellow,
pellucid variety of quartz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cit"ron</hw> (s&ibreve;t"r&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>citron</i>, LL. <i>citro</i>, fr. L. <i>citrus</i> citron
tree (cf. <i>citreum</i>, sc. malum, a citron), from Gr.
<grk>ki`tron</grk> citron] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot)</i> <def>A
fruit resembling a lemon, but larger, and pleasantly aromatic.
The thick rind, when candied, is the citron of
commerce.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A citron tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A citron melon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Citron melon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
small variety of muskmelon with sugary greenish flesh.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A small variety of watermelon, whose
solid white flesh is used in making sweetmeats and
preserves.</cd> -- <col><b>Citron tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the tree which bears citrons. It was probably a native of
northern India, and is now understood to be the typical form of
<i>Citrus Medica</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Cit"rus</hw> (s&ibreve;t"r&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a citron tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of trees including the orange, lemon, citron, etc.,
originally natives of southern Asia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cit"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cithara</i>, Gr. <grk>kiqa`ra</grk>. Cf. <u>Cithara</u>,
<u>Gittern</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument shaped like a
lute, but strung with wire and played with a quill or
plectrum.</def> [Written also <i>cithern</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Not to be confounded with <i>zither</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Cit"tern-head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Blockhead; dunce; -- so called because the handle of a
cittern usually ended with a carved head.</def>
<i>Marsion</i></p>

<p><hw>Cit"y</hw> (s&ibreve;t"&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cities</b></plw> (-&ibreve;z). [OE.
<i>cite</i>, F. <i>cit&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>civitas</i>
citizenship, state, city, fr. <i>civis</i> citizen; akin to Goth.
<i>heiwa</i> (in <i>heiwa</i>frauja man of the house), AS.
<i>h&imacr;wan</i>, pl., members of a family, servants,
<i>h&imacr;red</i> family, G.  <i>heirath</i> marriage, prop.,
providing a house, E. <i>hind</i> a peasant.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A large town.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A corporate town; in the United
States, a town or collective body of inhabitants, incorporated
and governed by a mayor and aldermen or a city council consisting
of a board of aldermen and a common council; in Great Britain, a
town corporate, which is or has been the seat of a bishop, or the
capital of his see.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>city</i> is a town incorporated; which is, or
has been, the see of a bishop; and though the bishopric has been
dissolved, as at Westminster, it yet remaineth a <i>city</i>.<BR>
<i>Blackstone</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>When Gorges constituted York a <i>city</i>, he of
course meant it to be the seat of a bishop, for the word
<i>city</i> has no other meaning in English law.<BR>
<i>Palfrey</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of citizens, or
inhabitants of a city.</def>  "What is the <i>city</i> but the
people?"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Village</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cit"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a city.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>City council</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Council</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>City court</b></col>, <cd>The
municipal court of a city.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>City
ward</b></col>, <cd>a watchman, or the collective watchmen, of a
city.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cive</hw> (s&imacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Chive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Civ"et</hw> (s&ibreve;v"&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>civette</i> (cf. It. <i>zibetto</i>) civet, civet cat, fr.
LGr. <grk>zape`tion</grk>, fr. Ar. <i>zub&amacr;d</i>,
<i>zab&amacr;d</i>, civet.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A substance,
of the consistence of butter or honey, taken from glands in the
anal pouch of the civet (<i>Viverra civetta</i>). It is of clear
yellowish or brownish color, of a strong, musky odor, offensive
when undiluted, but agreeable when a small portion is mixed with
another substance. It is used as a perfume.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>The animal that
produces civet (<i>Viverra civetta</i>); -- called also <i>civet
cat</i>.  It is carnivorous, from two to three feet long, and of
a brownish gray color, with transverse black bands and spots on
the body and tail. It is a native of northern Africa and of Asia.
The name is also applied to other species of the subfamily
<i>Viverrinae</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Civ"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To scent or
perfume with civet.</def>  <i>Cowper</i></p>

<p><hw>Civ"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.civicus, fr.
<i>civis</i> citizen. See <u>City</u>.] <def>Relating to, or
derived from, a city or citizen; relating to man as a member of
society, or to civil affairs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Civic crown</b></col> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>, <cd>a
crown or garland of oak leaves and acorns, bestowed on a soldier
who had saved the life of a citizen in battle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Civ"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principle of civil government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Civ"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science of
civil government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Civ"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>civilis</i>,
fr. <i>civis</i> citizen: cf. F. <i>civil</i>. See <u>City</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to a city or state, or to a
citizen in his relations to his fellow citizens or to the state;
within the city or state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subject to government; reduced to
order; civilized; not barbarous; -- said of the
community.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>England was very rude and barbarous; for it is but
even the other day since England grew <i>civil</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Performing the duties of a citizen;
obedient to government; -- said of an individual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Civil</i> men come nearer the saints of God
than others; they come within a step or two of heaven.<BR>
<i>Preston</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having the manners of one dwelling in
a city, as opposed to those of savages or rustics; polite;
courteous; complaisant; affable.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "A <i>civil</i> man now is one observant of slight
external courtesies in the mutual intercourse between man and
man; a <i>civil</i> man once was one who fulfilled all the duties
and obligations flowing from his position as a 'civis' and his
relations to the other members of that 'civitas.'"
<i>Trench</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to civic life and affairs,
in distinction from military, ecclesiastical, or official
state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Relating to rights and remedies sought
by action or suit distinct from criminal proceedings.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Civil action</b></col>, <cd>an action to enforce the
rights or redress the wrongs of an individual, not involving a
criminal proceeding.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil
architecture</b></col>, <cd>the architecture which is employed in
constructing buildings for the purposes of civil life, in
distinction from military and naval architecture, as private
houses, palaces, churches, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil
death</b></col>. <i>(Law.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Death</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Civil engineering</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Engineering</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil law</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Law</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil list</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>List</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil remedy</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that given to a person injured, by action, as
opposed to a criminal prosecution.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil
service</b></col>, <cd>all service rendered to and paid for by
the state or nation other than that pertaining to naval or
military affairs.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil service reform</b></col>,
<cd>the substitution of business principles and methods for the
spoils system in the conduct of the civil service, esp. in the
matter of appointments to office.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil
state</b></col>, <cd>the whole body of the laity or citizens not
included under the military, maritime, and ecclesiastical
states.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil suit</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<i>Civil action</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil war</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>War</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil year</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Year</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ci*vil"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Civil</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One skilled in the civil
law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ancient <i>civilians</i> and writers upon
government.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A student of the civil law at a
university or college.</def>  <i>R. Graves.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One whose pursuits are those of civil
life, not military or clerical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Civ"il*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
civilian.</def> [R.]  <i>Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ci*vil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Civilities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>civilitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>civilit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Civil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of society in which the relations and duties of a
citizen are recognized and obeyed; a state of civilization.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Monarchies have risen from barbarrism to
<i>civility</i>, and fallen again to ruin.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The gradual depature of all deeper signification
from the word <i>civility</i> has obliged the creation of another
word -- civilization.<BR>
<i>Trench.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A civil office, or a civil
process</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To serve in a <i>civility</i>.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Courtesy; politeness; kind attention;
good breeding; a polite act or expression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The insolent <i>civility</i> of a proud man is, if
possible, more shocking than his rudeness could be.<BR>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The sweet <i>civilities</i> of life.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Urbanity; affability; complaisance.</p>

<p><hw>Civ"i*li`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being civilized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Civ`i*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>civilisation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
civilizing, or the state of being civilized; national culture;
refinement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our manners, our civilization, and all the good
things connected with manners, and with <i>civilization</i>,
have, in this European world of ours, depended for ages upon two
principles -- . . . the spirit of a gentleman, and spirit of
religion.<BR>
<i>Burke</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Rendering a criminal
process civil.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Civ"i*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Civilized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Civilizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>civilizer</i>, fr.L.
<i>civilis</i> civil. See <u>Civil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To reclaim from a savage state; to instruct in the rules and
customs of civilization; to educate; to refine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet blest that fate which did his arms dispose<BR>
Her land to <i>civilize</i>, as to subdue.<BR>
<i>Dryden</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To admit as suitable to a civilized
state.</def> [Obs. or R.] "<i>Civilizing</i> adultery."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To polish; refine; humanize.</p>

<p><hw>Civ"i*lized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reclaimed
from savage life and manners; instructed in arts, learning, and
civil manners; refined; cultivated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sale of conscience and duty in open market is not
reconcilable with the present state of <i>civilized</i>
society.<BR>
<i>J. Quincy.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Civ"i*li*zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, civilizes or tends to civilize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Civ"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a civil
manner; as regards civil rights and privileges; politely;
courteously; in a well bred manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Civ"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>civisme</i>, fr.L. <i>civis</i> citizen.] <def>State of
citizenship.</def> [R.]  <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ciz"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cizars</u>.] <def>To clip with scissors.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Ciz"ars</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>Scissors.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bulk; largeness.
[Obs.] See <u>Size</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clab"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Bonnyclabber</u>] <def>Milk curdled so as to become
thick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clab"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
clabber; to lopper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clach"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot., fr. Gael.]
<def>A small village containing a church.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir
W. Scott</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sitting at the <i>clachon alehouse</i>.<BR>
<i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clack</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clacked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Clacking</u>.] [Prob. of imitative origin; cf. F.
<i>claquer</i> to clap, crack, D. <i>klakken</i>, MHG.
<i>klac</i> crack, Ir. <i>clagaim</i> I make a noise, ring. Cf.
<u>Clack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Clatter</u>,
<u>Click</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a sudden, sharp
noise, or a succesion of such noises, as by striking an object,
or by collision of parts; to rattle; to click.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We heard Mr.Hodson's whip <i>clacking</i> on the
ahoulders of the poor little wretches.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 261  !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter words rapidly and
continually, or with abruptness; to let the tongue run.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clack</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to make a sudden, sharp noise, or succession of
noises; to click.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter rapidly and
inconsiderately.</def>  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To clack wool</b></col>, <cd>to cut off the sheep's
mark, in order to make the wool weigh less and thus yield less
duty</cd>. [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Clack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>claque</i> a
slap or smack, MHG. <i>klac</i> crack, W. <i>clec</i> crack,
gossip. See <u>Clack</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sharp, abrupt noise, or succession of
noises, made by striking an object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that causes a clacking noise,
as the clapper of a mill, or a clack valve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Continual or importunate talk;
prattle; prating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose chief intent is to vaunt his spiritual
<i>clack</i>.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Clack box</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>the box or
chamber in which a clack valve works.</cd> -- <col><b>Clack
dish</b></col>, <cd>a dish with a movable lid, formerly carried
by beggars, who clacked the lid to attract notice.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Clack door</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>removable
cover of the opening through which access is had to a pump
valve.</cd> -- <col><b>Clack valve</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>a valve; esp. one hinged at one edge, which, when raised from
its seat, falls with a clacking sound.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clack"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who clacks; that which clacks; especially, the clapper
of a mill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A claqueur. See
<u>Claqueur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clad</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
clothe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clad</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Clothe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cla*doc"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; a sprout + &?; a horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of the Entomostraca.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have a bivalve shell, covering the body but not
the head, and from four to six pairs of legs and two pairs of
anten&aelig;, for use in swimming. They mostly inhabit fresh
water.</p>

<p><hw>Clad"o*phyll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
sprout + &?; a leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A special branch,
resembling a leaf, as in the apparent foliage of the broom
(<i>Ruscus</i>) and of the common cultivated smilax
(<i>Myrsiphillum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Clag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Clog</u>.]
<def>Adhesive; -- said of a roof in a mine to which coal
clings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Claik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Clake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Claim</hw> (kl&amacr;m), <pos><i>v.&?;.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Claimed</u> (kl&amacr;md);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Claiming</u>.] [OE.
<i>clamen</i>, <i>claimen</i>, OF. <i>clamer</i>, fr. L.
<i>clamare</i> to cry out, call; akin to <i>calare</i> to
proclaim, Gr. &?; to call, Skr. <i>kal</i> to sound, G.
<i>holen</i> to fetch, E. <i>hale</i> haul.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To ask for, or seek to obtain, by virtue of authority,
right, or supposed right; to challenge as a right; to demand as
due.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To proclaim.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To call or name.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To assert; to maintain.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Claim</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be entitled to
anything; to deduce a right or title; to have a claim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must know how the first ruler, from whom any
one <i>claims</i>, came by his authority.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Claim</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of. <i>claim</i> cry,
complaint, from <i>clamer</i>. See <u>Claim</u>, v. t.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A demand of a right or supposed right; a
calling on another for something due or supposed to be due; an
assertion of a right or fact.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A right to claim or demand something;
a title to any debt, privilege, or other thing in possession of
another; also, a title to anything which another should give or
concede to, or confer on, the claimant.</def> "A bar to all
<i>claims</i> upon land."  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The thing claimed or demanded; that
(as land) to which any one intends to establish a right; as a
settler's <i>claim</i>; a miner's <i>claim</i>.</def> [U.S. &
Australia]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A loud call.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser</i></p>

<p><col><b>To lay claim to</b></col>, <cd>to demand as a
right.</cd> "Doth he <i>lay claim to</i> thine inheritance?"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Claim"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being claimed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Claim"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>clamant</i>, p. pr. of <i>clamer</i>. Cf. <u>Clamant</u>.]
<def>One who claims; one who asserts a right or title; a
claimer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Claim"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
claims; a claimant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Claim"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
claim.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Clair"-ob*scur"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Clare-obscure</u>.] <def>See <u>Chiaroscuro</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clair*voy"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
power, attributed to some persons while in a mesmeric state, of
discering objects not perceptible by the senses in their normal
condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clair*voy"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>clair</i> clear + <i>voyant</i>, p. pr. of <i>voir</i> to see.
See <u>Clear</u>, and <u>Vision</u>.] <def>Pertaining to
clairvoyance; discerning objects while in a mesmeric state which
are not present to the senses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clair*voy"ant</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
able, when in a mesmeric state, to discern objects not present to
the senses.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Clake</hw>, <hw>Claik</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bernicle goose; -- called also
<i>clack goose</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Clamp</u>,
<u>Clam</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Clammy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bivalve mollusk of
many kinds, especially those that are edible; as, the long
<i>clam</i> (<i>Mya arenaria</i>), the quahog or round
<i>clam</i> (<i>Venus mercenaria</i>), the sea <i>clam</i> or hen
<i>clam</i> (<i>Spisula solidissima</i>), and other species of
the United States. The name is said to have been given originally
to the <i>Tridacna gigas</i>, a huge East Indian
bivalve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall scarce find any bay or shallow shore, or
cove of sand, where you may not take many <i>clampes</i>, or
lobsters, or both, at your pleasure.<BR>
<i>Capt. John Smith (1616).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Clams</i>, or <i>clamps</i>, is a shellfish not
much unlike a cockle; it lieth under the sand.<BR>
<i>Wood (1634).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>   <i>(Ship Carp.)</i> <def>Strong pinchers
or forceps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A kind of
vise, usually of wood.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blood clam</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Blood</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clam</hw> (cl&abreve;m), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clammed</u> (kl&abreve;md);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Clamming</u>.] [Cf. AS.
<i>cl&aelig;man</i> to clam, smear; akin to Icel. <i>kleima</i>
to smear, OHG. <i>kleimjan</i>, <i>chleimen</i>, to defile, or E.
<i>clammy</i>.] <def>To clog, as with glutinous or viscous
matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A swarm of wasps got into a honey pot, and there
they cloyed and <i>clammed</i> Themselves till there was no
getting out again.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clam</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be moist or
glutinous; to stick; to adhere.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden</i></p>

<p><hw>Clam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Claminess;
moisture.</def> [R.] "The <i>clam</i> of death."
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>clamor</i>.] <def>A crash or clangor made by ringing all the
bells of a chime at once.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To produce,
in bell ringing, a clam or clangor; to cause to clang.</def>
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cla"mant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clamans</i>, p. pr. of clamare to call. Cf. <u>Claimant</u>.]
<def>Crying earnestly, beseeching clamorously.</def>
"<i>Clamant</i> children."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cla*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>clamatio</i>, fr. L. <i>clamare</i> to call.] <def>The act of
crying out.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Clam`a*to"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clamator</i>, pl. <i>clamatores</i>, a bawler.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of passerine birds in which
the vocal muscles are but little developed, so that they lack the
power of singing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clam`a*to"rial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
Clamatores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clam"bake</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The backing
or steaming of clams on heated stones, between layers of seaweed;
hence, a picnic party, gathered on such an occasion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clam"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clambered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Clambering</u>.] [OE <i>clambren</i>,
<i>clameren</i>, to heap together, climb; akin to Icel.
<i>klambra</i> to clamp, G. <i>klammern</i>. Cf. <u>Clamp</u>,
<u>Climb</u>.] <def>To climb with difficulty, or with hands and
feet; -- also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The narrow street that <i>clambered</i> toward the
mill.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clam"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
clambering.</def>  <i>T. Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clam"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ascend by
climbing with difficulty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Clambering</i> the walls to eye him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clam*jam"phrie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Low,
worthless people; the rabble.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clam"mi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
clammy manner.</def> "Oozing so <i>clammily</i>."
<i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clam"mi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being clammy or viscous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clam"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Clammier</u> (?); superl.
<u>Clammiest</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>cl&amacr;m</i> clay. See
<u>Clam</u> to clog, and cf. <u>Clay</u>.] <def>Having the
quality of being viscous or adhesive; soft and sticky; glutinous;
damp and adhesive, as if covered with a cold
perspiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clam"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>clamour</i>, <i>clamur</i>, F. <i>clameur</i>, fr. L.
<i>clamor</i>, fr. <i>clamare</i> to cry out. See <u>Claim</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A great outcry or vociferation; loud and
continued shouting or exclamation.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any loud and continued noise.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A continued expression of
dissatisfaction or discontent; a popular outcry.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Outcry; exclamation; noise; uproar.</p>

<p><hw>Clam"or</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clamored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Clamoring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To salute
loudly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The people with a shout<BR>
Rifted the air, <i>clamoring</i> their god with praise.<BR>
<i>Milton</i>.</blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stun with noise.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter loudly or repeatedly; to
shout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Clamored</i> their piteous prayer
incessantly.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To clamor bells, to repeat the strokes quickly so
as to produce a loud clang.<BR>
<i>Bp. Warbur&?;ion.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clam"or</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter loud
sounds or outcries; to vociferate; to complain; to make
importunate demands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The obscure bird<BR>
<i>Clamored</i> the livelong night.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clam"or*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
clamors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clam"or*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>clamorosus</i>, for L. <i>Clamosus</i>: cf. OF.
<i>clamoreux</i>.] <def>Speaking and repeating loud words; full
of clamor; calling or demanding loudly or urgently; vociferous;
noisy; bawling; loud; turbulent.</def> "My young ones were
<i>clamorous</i> for a morning's excursion."  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Clam"or*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Clam"or*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Clamp</hw> (kl&abreve;mp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. &
D. <i>klamp</i>, Dan. <i>klampe</i>, also D. <i>klampen</i> to
fasten, clasp. Cf. <u>Clamber</u>, <u>Cramp</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something rigid that holds fast or binds
things together; a piece of wood or metal, used to hold two or
more pieces together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument with
a screw or screws by which work is held in its place or two parts
are temporarily held together.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Joinery)</i> <def>A piece of wood placed across another, or
inserted into another, to bind or strengthen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of a pair of movable pieces of
lead, or other soft material, to cover the jaws of a vise and
enable it to grasp without bruising.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A thick plank on
the inner part of a ship's side, used to sustain the ends of
beams.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A mass of bricks heaped up to be
burned; or of ore for roasting, or of coal for coking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A mollusk. See <u>Clam</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Clamp nails</b></col>, <cd>nails used to fasten on
clamps in ships.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clamp</hw> (kl&abreve;mp), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clamped</u> (kl&abreve;mt;
215) <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Clamping</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten with a clamp or clamps; to
apply a clamp to; to place in a clamp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover, as vegetables, with
earth.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Clamp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. an imitative word.
Cf. <u>Clank</u>.] <def>A heavy footstep; a tramp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clamp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To tread heavily
or clumsily; to clump.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The policeman with <i>clamping</i> feet.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clamp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
of iron, with sharp prongs, attached to a boot or shoe to enable
the wearer to walk securely upon ice; a creeper.</def>
<i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clan</hw> (kl&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>clann</i> offspring, descendants; akin to Ir. <i>clann</i>,
<i>cland</i>, offspring, tribe, family; perh. from L.
<i>plania</i> scion, slip, cutting. Cf. <u>Plant</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tribe or
collection of families, united under a chieftain, regarded as
having the same common ancestor, and bearing the same surname;
as, the <i>clan</i> of Macdonald.</def> "I have marshaled my
<i>clan</i>."  <i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A clique; a sect, society, or body of
persons; esp., a body of persons united by some common interest
or pursuit; -- sometimes used contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Partidge and the rest of his <i>clan</i> may hoot
me.<BR>
<i>Smolett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole <i>clan</i> of the enlightened among
us.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clan"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clancularius</i> , from <i>clanculum</i> secretly, adv. dim.
of <i>clam</i> secretly.] <def>Conducted with secrecy;
clandestine; concealed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not close and <i>clancular</i>, but frank and
open.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clan"cu*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>privately; secretly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Clan*des"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clandestinus</i>, fr. <i>clam</i> secretly; akin to
<i>celare</i>, E. <i>conceal</i>: cf. F. <i>clandestin</i>.]
<def>Conducted with secrecy; withdrawn from public notice,
usually for an evil purpose; kept secret; hidden; private;
underhand; as, a <i>clandestine</i> marriage.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hidden; secret; private; concealed; underhand;
sly; stealthy; surreptitious; furtive; fraudulent.</p>

<p> -- <wf>Clan*des"tine*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Clan*des"tine*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Clan`des*tin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Privacy or secrecy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Clang</hw> (kl&abreve;ng), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clanged</u> (kl&abreve;ngd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Clanging</u>.] [L.
<i>clangere</i>; akin to Gr. <grk>kla`zein</grk> to clash,
scream; or perh.  to E. <i>clank</i>.] <def>To strike together so
as to produce a ringing metallic sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fierce Caretes . . . <i>clanged</i> their
sounding arms.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clang</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give out a
clang; to resound.</def> "<i>Clanging</i> hoofs."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
loud, ringing sound, like that made by metallic substances when
clanged or struck together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The broadsword's deadly <i>clang</i>,<BR>
As if a thousand anvils rang.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Quality of
tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clan"gor</hw> (kl&abreve;&nsm;"g&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>clangere</i>. See <u>Clang</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A sharp, harsh, ringing
sound.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clan"gor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>clangorosus</i>.] <def>Making a clangor; having a ringing,
metallic sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clan"gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making a
clang, or a ringing metallic sound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Clan*jam"frie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Clamjamphrie</u>.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clank</hw> (kl&abreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin
to <i>clink</i>, and of imitative origin; cf. G. <i>klang</i>
sound, D. <i>klank</i>. Cf. <u>Clang</u>.] <def>A sharp, brief,
ringing sound, made by a collision of metallic or other sonorous
bodies; -- usually expressing a duller or less resounding sound
than <i>clang</i>, and a deeper and stronger sound than
<i>clink</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But not in chains to pine,<BR>
His spirit withered with tyeur <i>clank</i>.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clank</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clanked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Clanking</u>.] <def>To cause to sound with a
clank; as, the prisoners <i>clank</i> their chains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sound with a
clank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clank"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
clank.</def>  <i>Byreon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clan"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a clan; closely united, like a clan; disposed to
associate only with one's clan or clique; actuated by the
traditions, prejudices, habits, etc., of a clan.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Clan"nish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Clan"nish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Clan"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of being
united together as in a clan; an association under a
chieftain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clans"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Clansmen</b></plw> (#). <def>One belonging to the same
clan with another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clap</hw> (kl&abreve;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clapped</u> (kl&abreve;pt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Clapping</u>.] [AS.
<i>clappan</i>; akin to Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>klappa</i>, D,
<i>klappen</i>, to clap, prate, G. <i>klaffen</i>, v. i., to
split open, yelp, <i>klopfen</i>, v. t. &amp; i., to knock.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike; to slap; to strike, or strike
together, with a quick motion, so, as to make a sharp noise; as,
to <i>clap</i> one's hands; a <i>clapping</i> of wings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then like a bird it sits and sings,<BR>
And whets and <i>claps</i> its silver wings.<BR>
<i>Marvell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrust, drive, put, or close, in a
hasty or abrupt manner; -- often followed by <i>to</i>,
<i>into</i>, <i>on</i>, or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had just time to get in and <i>clap</i> to the
door.<BR>
<i>Locke</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Clap</i> an extinguaisher upon your irony.<BR>
<i>Lamb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To manifest approbation of, by
striking the hands together; to applaud; as, to <i>clap</i> a
performance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To clap hands</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
pledge faith by joining hands.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To express contempt or derision.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Lam. ii. 15.</i> -- <col><b>To clap hold of</b></col>,
<cd>to seize roughly or quickly.</cd> -- <col><b>To clap
up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To imprison hastily or
without due formality.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To make or
contrive hastily.</cd> [Obs.] "Was ever match <i>clapped up</i>
so suddenly?"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To knock, as at a door.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike the hands together in
applause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their ladies bid them <i>clap</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come together suddenly with
noise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The doors around me <i>clapped</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To enter with alacrity and briskness;
-- with <i>to</i> or <i>into</i>.</def> [Obs.] "Shall we
<i>clap</i> into it roundly, without . . . saying we are hoarse?"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To talk noisily; to chatter
loudly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 262 !></p>

<p><hw>Clap</hw> (kl&abreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A loud noise made by sudden collision; a
bang.</def> "Give the door such a <i>clap</i>, as you go out, as
will shake the whole room."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A burst of sound; a sudden
explosion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Horrible <i>claps</i> of thunder.<BR>
<i>Hakewill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A single, sudden act or motion; a
stroke; a blow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What, fifty of my followers at a <i>clap</i>!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A striking of hands to express
approbation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unextrected <i>claps</i> or hisses.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Noisy talk; chatter.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>The nether part of
the beak of a hawk.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clap dish</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Clack dish</i>, under
<u>Clack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Clap
net</b></col>, <cd>a net for taking birds, made to close or clap
together.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>clapoir</i>.] <def>Gonorrhea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clap"board</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A narrow board, thicker at one edge than
at the other; -- used for weatherboarding the outside of
houses.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stave for a cask.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clap"board</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover
with clapboards; as, to <i>clapboard</i> the sides of a
house.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Clap"bread`</hw> (?), <hw>Clap"cake`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Oatmeal cake or bread clapped or beaten
till it is thin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bird; the flicker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person who claps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which strikes or claps, as the
tongue of a bell, or the piece of wood that strikes a mill
hopper, etc. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bell</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clapper rail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
Americam species of rail (<i>Rallus scepitans</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clap"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>clapier</i>.]
<def>A rabbit burrow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Clap"per*claw</hw> (kl&abreve;p"p&etilde;r*kl&add;),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Clap</i> + <i>claw</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fight and scratch.</def>  <i>C.
Smart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To abuse with the tongue; to revile;
to scold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Claps</hw> (kl&abreve;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>Variant of <u>Clasp</u></def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clap"trap`</hw> (kl&abreve;p"tr&abreve;p`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance for
clapping in theaters.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trick or device to gain applause;
humbug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clap"trap`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contrived for
the purpose of making a show, or gaining applause; deceptive;
unreal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Claque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
collection of persons employed to applaud at a theatrical
exhibition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cla`queur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>One
of the claque employed to applaud at a theater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nun of the
order of St. Clare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clar"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A close
four-wheeled carriage, with one seat inside, and a seat for the
driver.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Clar"en*ceux</hw>, <hw>Clar"en*cieux</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>See <u>King-at-
arms</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clar"en*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A style of
type having a narrow and heave face. It is made in all
sizes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This line is in nonpareil Clarendon.</p>

<p><hw>Clare"-ob*scure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clarus</i> clear + <i>obscurus</i> obscure; cf. F. <i>clair-
obscur</i>. Cf. <u>Chiaroscuro</u>.] <i>(Painting)</i> <def>See
<u>Chiaroscuro</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clar"et</hw> (kl&abreve;r"&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>claret</i>, <i>clare</i>, <i>clarry</i>, OF.
<i>claret</i>, <i>clar&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>cler</i>, F.
<i>clair</i>, clear, fr. L. <i>clarus</i> clear. See
<u>Clear</u>.] <def>The name first given in England to the red
wines of M&eacute;doc, in France, and afterwards extended to all
the red Bordeaux wines. The name is also given to similar wines
made in the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clar`i*bel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>clarus</i> clear + <i>bellus</i> fine.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
soft, sweet stop, or set of open wood pipes in an
organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clar"i*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>clatocorde</i>, fr.L. <i>clarus</i> clear + <i>chorda</i>
string. See <u>Chord</u>.] <def>A musical instrument, formerly in
use, in form of a spinet; -- called also <i>manichord</i> and
<i>clavichord</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clar`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>clarification</i>, L. <i>clarificatio</i> glorification.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of making clear or
transparent, by freeing visible impurities; as, the
<i>clarification</i> of wine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of freeing from
obscurities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>clarification</i> of men's ideas.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clar"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which clarifies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel in which the process of
clarification is conducted; as, the <i>clarifier</i> in sugar
works.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clar"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clarified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Clarifying</u>.] [F. <i>clarifier</i>, from L.
<i>clarificare</i>; <i>clarus</i> clear + <i>facere</i> to make.
See <u>Clear</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make clear or bright by freeing from feculent matter; to
defecate; to fine; -- said of liquids, as wine or sirup.</def>
"Boiled and <i>clarified</i>."  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make clear; to free from
obscurities; to brighten or illuminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>clarify</i> his reason, and to rectify his
will.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To glorify.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fadir, <i>clarifie</i> thi name.<BR>
<i>Wyclif (John ii. 28).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clar"i*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To grow or become clear or transparent; to become free from
feculent impurities, as wine or other liquid under
clarification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grow clear or bright; to clear
up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever hath his mind fraught with many
thoughts, his wits and understanding do <i>clarify</i> and break
up in the discoursing with another.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clar"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clarigare</i>] <def>To declare war with certain
ceremonies.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clar"i*net`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>clarinette</i>, dim. of <i>clarine</i>, from L. <i>clarus</i>.
See <u>Clear</u>, and cf. <u>Clarion</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
wind instrument, blown by a single reed, of richer and fuller
tone than the oboe, which has a double reed. It is the leading
instrument in a military band.</def> [Often improperly called
<i>clarionet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cla*ri"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. a
trumpet.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A reed stop in an organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clar"i*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>clarioun</i>, OF. <i>clarion</i>, F. <i>clairon</i>, LL.
<i>clario</i>, <i>claro</i>; so called from its clear tone, fr.
L. <i>clarus</i> clear. See <u>Clear</u>.] <def>A kind of
trumpet, whose note is clear and shrill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sounds his imperial <i>clarion</i> along the
whole line of battle.<BR>
<i>E. Everett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clar`i*o*net"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Clarion</u>, <u>Clarinet</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See
<u>Clarinet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cla*ris"o*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clarisonus</i>; <i>clarus + sonus</i>.] <def>Having a clear
sound.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clar"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>claritudo</i>, fr. <i>clarus</i> clear.] <def>Clearness;
splendor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>claritas</i>, fr. <i>clarus</i> clear: cf. F.
<i>clart&eacute;</i>.] <def>Clearness; brightness;
splendor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Floods, in whose more than crystal
<i>clarity</i>,<BR>
Innumerable virgin graces row.<BR>
<i>Beaumont.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cla"ro-ob*scu"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chiaroscuro</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clar`r&eacute;"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Claret</u>.] <def>Wine with a mixture of honey and
species.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clart</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Armor.
<i>kalar</i> mud, mire, <i>kalara</i> to dirt, Sw. <i>lort</i>
mud.] <def>To daub, smear, or spread, as with mud, etc.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clart"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sticky and
foul; muddy; filthy; dirty.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clar"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Clarion</u>.] <def>To make a loud or shrill noise.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cla"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>sclarea</i>, <i>scarlea</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>scharlei</i>, F.
<i>sclar&eacute;e</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant (<i>Salvia
sclarea</i>) of the Sage family, used in flavoring
soups.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clary water</b></col>, <cd>a composition of clary
flowers with brandy, etc., formerly used as a cardiac.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clash</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Clashing</u>.] [Of imitative origin; cf. G.
<i>klatschen</i>, Prov. G. <i>kleschen</i>, D. <i>kletsen</i>,
Dan. <i>klaske</i>, E. <i>clack</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make a noise by striking against something; to dash noisily
together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To meet in opposition; to act in a
contrary direction; to come onto collision; to
interfere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>However some of his interests might <i>clash</i>
with those of the chief adjacent colony.<BR>
<i>Palfrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strike noisily
against or together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clash</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
loud noise resulting from collision; a noisy collision of bodies;
a collision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The roll of cannon and <i>clash</i> of arms.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Opposition; contradiction; as between
differing or contending interests, views, purposes,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Clashes</i> between popes and kings.<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clash"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
clashing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clasp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clasped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Clasping</u>] [OE. <i>claspen</i>,
<i>clapsen</i>, prob. akin to E. <i>clap</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To shut or fasten together with, or as with, a clasp; to
shut or fasten (a clasp, or that which fastens with a
clasp).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inclose and hold in the hand or
with the arms; to grasp; to embrace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To surround and cling to; to entwine
about.</def> "<i>Clasping</i> ivy."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clasp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An adjustable catch, bent plate, or hook, for holding
together two objects or the parts of anything, as the ends of a
belt, the covers of a book, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A close embrace; a throwing of the
arms around; a grasping, as with the hand.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clasp knife</b></col>, <cd>a large knife, the blade of
which folds or shuts into the handle.</cd> -- <col><b>Clasp
lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock which closes or secures itself by
means of a spring.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clasp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, clasps, as a tendril.</def> "The
<i>claspers</i> of vines."  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One of a pair of organs used by the male for grasping the
female among many of the Crustacea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of a pair of male copulatory organs, developed on the
anterior side of the ventral fins of sharks and other
elasmobranchs. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Chim&aelig;ra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clasp"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished
with tendrils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Class</hw> (kl&adot;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>classe</i>, fr. L. <i>classis</i> class, collection, fleet;
akin to Gr. <grk>klh^sis</grk> a calling, <grk>kalei^n</grk> to
call, E. <i>claim</i>, <i>haul</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
group of individuals ranked together as possessing common
characteristics; as, the different <i>classes</i> of society; the
educated <i>class</i>; the lower <i>classes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A number of students in a school or
college, of the same standing, or pursuing the same
studies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A comprehensive division of animate or
inanimate objects, grouped together on account of their common
characteristics, in any classification in natural science, and
subdivided into orders, families, tribes, genera, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A set; a kind or description, species
or variety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She had lost one <i>class</i> energies.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Methodist Church)</i> <def>One of the
sections into which a church or congregation is divided, and
which is under the supervision of a <i>class
leader</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Class of a curve</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the
kind of a curve as expressed by the number of tangents that can
be drawn from any point to the curve. A circle is of the second
class.</cd> -- <col><b>Class meeting</b></col> <i>(Methodist
Church)</i>, <cd>a meeting of a class under the charge of a class
leader, for counsel and relegious instruction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Class</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Classed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Classing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>classer</i>. See
<u>Class</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
arrange in classes; to classify or refer to some class; as, to
<i>class</i> words or passages.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In scientific arrangement, to <i>classify</i> is used
instead of to <i>class</i>.  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divide into classes, as students;
to form into, or place in, a class or classes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Class</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grouped or
classed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The genus or famiky under which it
<i>classes</i>.<BR>
<i>Tatham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Class"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being classed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Clas"sic</hw> (?), <hw>Clas"sic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>classicus</i> relating to the classes
of the Roman people, and especially to the frist class; hence, of
the first rank, superior, from <i>classis</i> class: cf. F.
<i>classique</i>. See <u>Class</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or relating to the first class or
rank, especially in literature or art.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give, as thy last memorial to the age,<BR>
One <i>classic</i> drama, and reform the stage.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Greaves may justly be reckoned a
<i>classical</i> author on this subject [Roman weights and
coins].<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the ancient Greeks
and Romans, esp. to Greek or Roman authors of the highest rank,
or of the period when their best literature was produced; of or
pertaining to places inhabited by the ancient Greeks and Romans,
or rendered famous by their deeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though throned midst Latium's <i>classic</i>
plains.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Hemans.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The epithet <i>classical</i>, as applied to
ancient authors, is determined less by the purity of their style
than by the period at which they wrote.<BR>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Atterbury] directed the <i>classical</i>
studies of the undergraduates of his college.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Conforming to the best authority in
literature and art; chaste; pure; refined; as, a <i>classical</i>
style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Classical</i>, provincial, and national
synods.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Classicals orders</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Order</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clas"sic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A work of acknowledged excellence and authority, or its
author; -- originally used of Greek and Latin works or authors,
but now applied to authors and works of a like character in any
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In is once raised him to the rank of a legitimate
English <i>classic</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One learned in the literature of
Greece and Rome, or a student of classical literature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clas"sic*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A classical idiom, style, or expression;
a classicism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adherence to what are supposed or
assumed to be the classical canons of art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clas"sic*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
adheres to what he thinks the classical canons of art.</def>
<i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Clas`si*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Clas"sic*al*ness</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
classical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clas"sic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a classical manner; according to the
manner of classical authors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the manner of classes; according to
a regular order of classes or sets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clas"si*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A classic
idiom or expression; a classicalism.</def>  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clas"si*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
learned in the classics; an advocate for the classics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clas"si*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being classified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clas*sif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characterizing a class or classes; relating to
classification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clas`si*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>classification</i>.] <def>The act of forming into a class or
classes; a distribution into groups, as classes, orders,
families, etc., according to some common relations or
affinities.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Artificial classification</b></col>. <i>(Science)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Artifitial</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clas"si*fi*ca`to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to classification; admitting of
classification.</def> "A <i>classificatory</i> system."
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clas"si*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
classifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clas"si*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& pp.</i></pos> <u>Classified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Classifying</u>.] [L. <i>classis</i> class + &?;]
<def>To distribute into classes; to arrange according to a
system; to arrange in sets according to some method founded on
common properties or characters.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To arrange; distribute; rank.</p>

<p><hw>||Clas"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Classes</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Class</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A class or order;
sort; kind.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His opinion of that <i>classis</i> of men.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An ecclesiastical body
or judicatory in certain churches, as the Reformed Dutch. It is
intermediate between the consistory and the synod, and
corresponds to the presbytery in the Presbyterian
church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Class"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Classmen</b></plw>(#). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A member
of a class; a classmate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A candidate for graduation in arts who
is placed in an honor class, as opposed to a passman, who is not
classified.</def> [Oxford, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Class"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
in the same class with another, as at school or
college.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; br&?;,
fr. &?; to break.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to what may
be taken apart; as, <i>clastic</i> anatomy (of models).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Fragmental; made up of
brok&?; fragments; as, sandstone is a <i>clastic</i>
rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clath"rate</hw> (kl&abreve;th"r&asl;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>clathri</i> lattice, Gr.
<grk>klh,qra</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Shaped
like a lattice; cancellate.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the surface
marked with raised lines resembling a lattice, as many
shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clat"ter</hw> (kl&abreve;t"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clattered</u> (-
t&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Clattering</u>.] [AS. <i>clatrung</i> a rattle, akin to D.
<i>klateren</i> to rattle. Cf. <u>Clack</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a rattling sound by striking hard bodies together;
to make a succession of abrupt, rattling sounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Clattering</i> loud with iron clank.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To talk fast and noisily; to rattle
with the tongue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I see thou dost but <i>clatter</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a
rattling noise with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>clatter</i> still your brazen kettle.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A rattling noise, esp. that made by the collision of hard
bodies; also, any loud, abrupt sound; a repetition of abrupt
sounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The goose let fall a golden egg<BR>
With cackle and with <i>clatter</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Commotion; disturbance.</def> "Those
mighty feats which made such a <i>clatter</i> in story."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><! p. 263 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rapid, noisy talk; babble;
chatter.</def> "Hold still thy <i>clatter</i>."  <i>Towneley
Myst. (15 th Cent. ).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Throw by your <i>clatter</i><BR>
And handle the matter.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clat"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
clatters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clat"ter*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
clattering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Claude" Lor*raine" glass`</hw> (?). [Its name is supposed
to be derived from the similarity of the effects it gives to
those of a picture by <i>Claude Lorrain</i> (often written
<i>Lorraine</i>).] <def>A slightly convex mirror, commonly of
black glass, used as a toy for viewing the reflected
landscape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clau"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>claudens</i>, p. pr. of <i>claudere</i> to shut.]
<def>Shutting; confining; drawing together; as, a <i>claudent</i>
muscle.</def> [R.]  <i>Jonson</i></p>

<p><hw>Clau"di*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>claudicans</i>, p. pr. of <i>claudicare</i> to limp, fr.
<i>claudus</i> lame.] <def>Limping.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Clau`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>claudicatio</i>.] <def>A halting or limping.</def> [R.]
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clause</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>clause</i>,
LL. <i>clausa</i>, equiv. to L. <i>clausula</i> clause, prop.,
close of &?; rhetorical period, close, fr. <i>claudere</i> to
shut, to end. See <u>Close</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
separate portion of a written paper, paragraph, or sentence; an
article, stipulation, or proviso, in a legal document.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The usual attestation <i>clause</i> to a will.<BR>
<i>Bouvier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A subordinate portion
or a subdivision of a sentence containing a subject and its
predicate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clause</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<i>Letters clause or close</i>, under <u>Letter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Claus"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>claustralis</i>, fr. L. <i>claustrum</i>. See
<u>Cloister</u>.] <def>Cloistral.</def>  <i>Ayliffe</i></p>

<p><hw>||Claus"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Claustra</b></plw>. [L., a bolt or bar.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A thin lamina of gray matter in each cerebral hemisphere of
the brain of man.</def> -- <wf>Claus"tral</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Clau"su*lar</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>clausula</i>. See <u>Clause</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Consisting of, or having, clauses.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clau"sure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clausura</i>. See <u>Closure</u>.] <def>The act of shutting up
or confining; confinement.</def> [R.]  <i>Geddes.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cla"vate</hw> (?), <hw>Cla"va*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>clava</i> club.] <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Club-shaped; having the form of a club;
growing gradually thicker toward the top. [See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Antennae</u>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Clave</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Cleave</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Clav"e*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The
harpsichord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cla"vel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Clevis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clav"el*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Clavate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clav"el*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
cineres <i>clavelatti</i> ashes of burnt lees or dregs of wine,
F. <i>clavel</i> an inferior sort of soda, E. <i>clavate</i>.]
<i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Said of potash, probably in reference to
its having been obtained from billets of wood by burning.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Clav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Clover</u>.</def> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clav"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Frivolous or
nonsensical talk; prattle; chattering.</def> [Scot. &amp; North of
Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Emmy found herself entirely at a loss in the midst
of their <i>clavers</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clav"i*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>clavicorde</i>, fr. L. <i>clavis</i> key + <i>chorda</i>
string.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A keyed stringed instrument, now
superseded by the pianoforte. See <u>Clarichord</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clav"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>clavicule</i>, fr. L. <i>clavicula</i> a little key, tendril,
dim. of <i>clavis</i> key, akin to <i>claudere</i> to shut. See
<u>Close</u>, and cf. <u>Clef</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
collar bone, which is joined at one end to the scapula, or
shoulder blade, and at the other to the sternum, or breastbone.
In man each clavicle is shaped like the letter &?;, and is
situated just above the first rib on either side of the neck. In
birds the two clavicles are united ventrally, forming the
merrythought, or wishbone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clav"i*corn</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>clavicorne</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having club-shaped
antenn&aelig;. See <u>Antenn&aelig;</u></def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Clavicornes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Clav`i*cor"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.;
Fr. L. <i>clava</i> club + <i>cornu</i> horn.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of beetles having club-shaped
antenn&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cla*vic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>claviculaire</i>. See <u>Clavicle</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the clavicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cla"vi*er</hw> (? F. ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>clavis</i> key.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The keyboard of an organ,
pianoforte, or harmonium.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Clavier</i> (&?;) is the German name for a
pianoforte.</p>

<p><hw>Clav"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clava</i> club + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Club-
shaped; clavate.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Clav"i*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>clavis</i> key + <i>gerere</i> to carry.] <def>One who carries
the keys of any place.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Clav"i*ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>clava</i> club + <i>gerere</i> to carry.] <def>One who carries
a club; a club bearer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cla*vig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing
a club or a key.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cla"vis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Claves</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Clavises</b></plw> (#).
[L.] <def>A key; a glossary.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cla"vus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a nail.]
<def>A callous growth, esp. one the foot; a corn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cla"vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Clavies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>claveau</i> centerpiece
of an arch.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A mantelpiece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Claw</hw> (kl&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>clawu</i>, <i>cl&amacr;</i>, <i>cle&oacute;</i>; akin to D.
<i>klaauw</i>, G. <i>klaue</i>, Icel. <i>kl&omacr;</i>, Sw. &
Dan. <i>klo</i>, and perh. to E. <i>clew</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sharp, hooked nail, as of a beast or bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole foot of an animal armed with
hooked nails; the pinchers of a lobster, crab, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling the claw of an
animal, as the curved and forked end of a hammer for drawing
nails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A slender appendage or
process, formed like a claw, as the base of petals of the
pink.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Claw hammer</b></col>, <cd>a hammer with one end of
the metallic head cleft for use in extracting nails, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Claw hammer coat</b></col>, <cd>a dress coat of the
swallowtail pattern.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>Claw
sickness</b></col>, <cd>foot rot, a disease affecting
sheep.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Claw</hw> (kl&add;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clawed</u> (kl&add;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Clawing</u>.] [AS. <i>clawan</i>. See
<u>Claw</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pull, tear, or scratch with, or as with, claws or
nails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To relieve from some uneasy sensation,
as by scratching; to tickle; hence, to flatter; to court.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rich men they <i>claw</i>, soothe up, and flatter;
the poor they contemn and despise.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rail at; to scold.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the aforesaid preamble, the king fairly claweth
the great monasteries, wherein, saith he, religion, thanks be to
God, is right well kept and observed; though he <i>claweth</i>
them soon after in another acceptation.<BR>
<i>T. Fuller</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Claw me, claw thee</b></col>, <cd>stand by me and I
will stand by you; -- an old proverb.</cd>  <i>Tyndale.</i> --
<col><b>To claw away</b></col>, <cd>to scold or revile.</cd> "The
jade Fortune is to be <i>clawed away</i> for it, if you should
lose it."  <i>L'Estrange.</i> -- <col><b>To claw (one) on the
back</b></col>, <cd>to tickle; to express approbation.</cd>
(Obs.)  <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To claw (one) on the
gall</b></col>, <cd>to find fault with; to vex.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Claw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To scrape,
scratch, or dig with a claw, or with the hand as a claw.</def>
"<i>Clawing</i> [in ash barrels] for bits of coal."  <i>W. D.
Howells.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To claw off</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to turn to
windward and beat, to prevent falling on a lee shore.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Claw"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flatterer
or sycophant.</def> [Obs.] "Take heed of these <i>clawbacks</i>."
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Claw"back`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Flattering;
sycophantic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like a <i>clawback</i> parasite.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Claw"back`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
flatter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clawed</hw> (kl&add;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Furnished with claws.</def>  <i>N. Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Claw"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
claws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clay</hw> (kl&amacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cl&aemacr;g</i>; akin to LG. <i>klei</i>, D. <i>klei</i>, and
perh. to AS. <i>cl&amacr;m</i> clay, L. <i>glus</i>,
<i>gluten</i> glue, Gr. <grk>gloio`s</grk> glutinous substance,
E. <i>glue</i>. Cf. <u>Clog</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A soft
earth, which is plastic, or may be molded with the hands,
consisting of hydrous silicate of aluminium. It is the result of
the wearing down and decomposition, in part, of rocks containing
aluminous minerals, as granite. Lime, magnesia, oxide of iron,
and other ingredients, are often present as impurities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Poetry &amp; Script.)</i> <def>Earth in
general, as representing the elementary particles of the human
body; hence, the human body as formed from such
particles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I also am formed out of the <i>clay</i>.<BR>
<i>Job xxxiii. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth is covered thick with other
<i>clay</i>,<BR>
Which her own <i>clay</i> shall cover.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bowlder clay</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bowlder</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Brick clay</b></col>, <cd>the
common clay, containing some iron, and therefore turning red when
burned.</cd> -- <col><b>Clay cold</b></col>, <cd>cold as clay or
earth; lifeless; inanimate.</cd> -- <col><b>Clay
ironstone</b></col>, <cd>an ore of iron consisting of the oxide
or carbonate of iron mixed with clay or sand.</cd> --
<col><b>Clay marl</b></col>, <cd>a whitish, smooth, chalky
clay.</cd> -- <col><b>Clay mill</b></col>, <cd>a mill for mixing
and tempering clay; a pug mill.</cd> -- <col><b>Clay
pit</b></col>, <cd>a pit where clay is dug.</cd> -- <col><b>Clay
slate</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>argillaceous schist;
argillite.</cd> -- <col><b>Fatty clays</b></col>, <cd>clays
having a greasy feel; they are chemical compounds of water,
silica, and aluminia, as <i>halloysite</i>, <i>bole</i>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire clay</b></col> , <cd>a variety of clay,
entirely free from lime, iron, or an alkali, and therefore
infusible, and used for fire brick.</cd> -- <col><b>Porcelain
clay</b></col>, <cd>a very pure variety, formed directly from the
decomposition of feldspar, and often called <i>kaolin</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Potter's clay</b></col>, <cd>a tolerably pure kind,
free from iron.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clay</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Claying</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover or manure with
clay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clarify by filtering through clay,
as sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clay"-brained`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Stupid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clayes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F. <i>claie</i>
hurdle.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>Wattles, or hurdles, made with
stakes interwoven with osiers, to cover lodgments.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Clay"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
clay; abounding with clay; partaking of clay; like
clay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clay"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of the
nature of clay, or containing particles of it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clay"more`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>claidheamhmor</i> a broadsword; Gael. <i>claidheamh</i> sword
+ <i>mor</i> great, large. Cf. <u>Claymore</u>.] <def>A large
two-handed sword used formerly by the Scottish
Highlanders.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Clay*to"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after
Dr.John <i>Clayton</i>, an American botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American genus of perennial herbs with delicate blossoms;
-- sometimes called <i>spring beauty</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clead"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot., clothing.
See <u>Cloth</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A jacket or outer covering of wood,
etc., to prevent radiation of heat, as from the boiler, cylinder.
etc., of a steam engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The planking or boarding of a shaft,
cofferdam, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clean</hw> (kl&emacr;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Cleaner</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Cleanest</u>.] [OE. <i>clene</i>,
AS. <i>cl&aemacr;ne</i>; akin to OHG. <i>chleini</i> pure, neat,
graceful, small, G. <i>klein</i> small, and perh. to W.
<i>glan</i> clean, pure, bright; all perh. from a primitive,
meaning <i>bright</i>, <i>shining</i>. Cf. <u>Glair</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from dirt or filth; as, <i>clean</i>
clothes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from that which is useless or
injurious; without defects; as, <i>clean</i> land; <i>clean</i>
timber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Free from awkwardness; not bungling;
adroit; dexterous; as, a <i>clean</i> trick; a <i>clean</i> leap
over a fence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Free from errors and vulgarisms; as, a
<i>clean</i> style.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Free from restraint or neglect;
complete; entire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt
not make <i>clean</i> riddance of corners of thy field.<BR>
<i>Lev. xxiii. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Free from moral defilement; sinless;
pure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Create in me a <i>clean</i> heart, O God.<BR>
<i>Ps. li. 10</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That I am whole, and <i>clean</i>, and meet for
Heaven<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>Free from ceremonial
defilement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Free from that which is corrupting to
the morals; pure in tone; healthy.</def> "Lothair is
<i>clean</i>."  <i>F. Harrison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Well-proportioned; shapely; as,
<i>clean limbs</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A clean bill of health</b></col>, <cd>a certificate
from the proper authority that a ship is free from
infection.</cd> -- <col><b>Clean breach</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Breach</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>To make a
clean breast</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Breast</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clean</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Without limitation or remainder; quite; perfectly; wholly;
entirely.</def> "Domestic broils <i>clean</i> overblown."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>"<i>Clean</i> contrary."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the people were passed <i>clean</i> over
Jordan.<BR>
<i>Josh. iii. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without miscarriage; not bunglingly;
dexterously.</def> [Obs.] "Pope came off <i>clean</i> with
Homer."  <i>Henley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clean</hw> (kl&emacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cleaned</u> (kl&emacr;nd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cleaning</u>.] [See
<u>Clean</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Cleanse</u>.]
<def>To render clean; to free from whatever is foul, offensive,
or extraneous; to purify; to cleanse.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To clean out</b></col>, <cd>to exhaust; to empty; to
get away from (one) all his money.</cd> [Colloq.]  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clean"-cut`</hw> (kl&emacr;n"k&ubreve;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Clear-cut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clean"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, cleans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clean"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of making clean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The afterbirth of cows, ewes,
etc.</def>  <i>Gardner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clean"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
cleanly manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clean"-limbed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>With
well-proportioned, unblemished limbs; as, a <i>clean-limbed</i>
young fellow.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clean"li*ness</hw> (kl&ebreve;n"l&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Cleanly</u>.] <def>State of being
cleanly; neatness of person or dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cleanliness</i> from head to heel.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clean"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Cleanlier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Cleanliest</u>.] [From
<u>Clean</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Habitually clean; pure;
innocent.</def> "<i>Cleanly</i> joys."  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some plain but <i>cleanly</i> country maid.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Displays her <i>cleanly</i> platter on the
board.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cleansing; fitted to remove moisture;
dirt, etc.</def> [Obs.] "With <i>cleanly</i> powder dry their
hair."  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Adroit; skillful; dexterous;
artful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Through his fine handling and his <i>cleanly</i>
play.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clean"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a clean manner; neatly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was very <i>cleanly</i> dressed.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Innocently; without stain.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Adroitly; dexterously.</def>
<i>Middleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clean"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cl&?;nnes</i>. See <u>Clean</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state or quality of being clean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Purity of life or language; freedom
from licentious courses.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cleans"a*ble</hw> (kl&ebreve;nz"&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being cleansed.</def>
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cleanse</hw> (kl&ebreve;nz), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cleansed</u> (kl&ebreve;nzd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cleansing</u>.] [AS.
<i>cl&aemacr;nsian</i>, fr. <i>cl&aemacr;ne</i> clean. See
<u>Clean</u>.] <def>To render clean; to free from fith,
pollution, infection, guilt, etc.; to clean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If we walk in the light . . . the blood of Jesus
Christ his son <i>cleanseth</i> us from all sin.<BR>
<i>1 John i. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Can'st thou not minister to a mind diseased,<BR>
And with some sweet oblivious antidote<BR>
<i>Cleanse</i> the suffed bosom of that perilous stuff<BR>
Which weighs upon the heart?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cleans"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cl&aemacr;nsere</i>.] <def>One who, or that which, cleanses; a
detergent.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clean"-tim`bered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Well-
proportioned; symmetrical.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clear</hw> (kl&emacr;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Clearer</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Clearest</u>.] [OE. <i>cler</i>,
<i>cleer</i>, OF. <i>cler</i>, F. <i>clair</i>, fr.L.
<i>clarus</i>, clear, bright, loud, distinct, renowned; perh.
akin to L. <i>clamare</i> to call, E. <i>claim</i>. Cf.
<u>Chanticleer</u>, <u>Clairvoyant</u>, <u>Claret</u>,
<u>Clarify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from opaqueness;
transparent; bright; light; luminous; unclouded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stream is so transparent, pure, and
<i>clear</i>.<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair as the moon, <i>clear</i> as the sun.<BR>
<i>Canticles vi. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from ambiguity or indistinctness;
lucid; perspicuous; plain; evident; manifest;
indubitable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One truth is <i>clear</i>; whatever is, is
right.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Able to perceive clearly; keen; acute;
penetrating; discriminating; as, a <i>clear</i> intellect; a
<i>clear</i> head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mother of science! now I feel thy power<BR>
Within me <i>clear</i>, not only to discern<BR>
Things in their causes, but to trace the ways<BR>
Of highest agents.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not clouded with passion; serene;
cheerful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With a countenance as <i>clear</i><BR>
As friendship wears at feasts.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Easily or distinctly heard; audible;
canorous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hark! the numbers soft and <i>clear</i><BR>
Gently steal upon the ear.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Without mixture; entirely pure; as,
<i>clear</i> sand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Without defect or blemish, such as
freckles or knots; as, a <i>clear</i> complexion; <i>clear</i>
lumber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Free from guilt or stain;
unblemished.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Statesman, yet friend to truth! in soul
sincere,<BR>
In action faithful, and in honor <i>clear</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Without diminution; in full; net; as,
<i>clear</i> profit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I often wished that I had <i>clear</i>,<BR>
For life, six hundred pounds a-year.<BR>
<i>Swift</i>.</blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Free from impediment or obstruction;
unobstructed; as, a <i>clear</i> view; to keep <i>clear</i> of
debt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My companion . . . left the way <i>clear</i> for
him.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Free from embarrassment; detention,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cruel corporal whispered in my ear,<BR>
Five pounds, if rightly tipped, would set me <i>clear</i>.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Clear breach</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Breach</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Clear days</b></col>
<i>(Law.)</i>, <cd>days reckoned from one day to another,
excluding both the first and last day; as, from Sunday to Sunday
there are six <i>clear days</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Clear
stuff</b></col>, <cd>boards, planks, etc., free from
knots.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Manifest; pure; unmixed; pellucid; transparent;
luminous; obvious; visible; plain; evident; apparent; distinct;
perspicuous. See <u>Manifest</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Clear</hw> (kl&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Carp.)</i> <def>Full extent; distance between extreme limits;
especially; the distance between the nearest surfaces of two
bodies, or the space between walls; as, a room ten feet square in
the <i>clear</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clear</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a clear manner; plainly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>clear</i> I understand<BR>
What oft . . . thoughts have searched in vain.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without limitation; wholly; quite;
entirely; as, to cut a piece <i>clear</i> off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cleared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Clearing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render
bright, transparent, or undimmed; to free from clouds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sweeps the skies and <i>clears</i> the cloudy
north.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To free from impurities; to clarify;
to cleanse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To free from obscurity or ambiguity;
to relive of perplexity; to make perspicuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many knotty points there are<BR>
Which all discuss, but few can <i>clear</i>.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To render more quick or acute, as the
understanding; to make perspicacious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our common prints would <i>clear</i> up their
understandings.<BR>
<i>Addison</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To free from impediment or
incumbrance, from defilement, or from anything injurious,
useless, or offensive; as, to <i>clear</i> land of trees or
brushwood, or from stones; to <i>clear</i> the sight or the
voice; to <i>clear</i> one's self from debt; -- often used with
<i>of</i>, <i>off</i>, <i>away</i>, or <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Clear</i> your mind of cant.<BR>
<i>Dr. Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A statue lies hid in a block of marble; and the
art of the statuary only <i>clears</i> away the superfluous
matter.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To free from the imputation of guilt;
to justify, vindicate, or acquit; -- often used with <i>from</i>
before the thing imputed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . am sure he will <i>clear</i> me from
partiality.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>How! wouldst thou <i>clear</i> rebellion?<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To leap or pass by, or over, without
touching or failure; as, to <i>clear</i> a hedge; to <i>clear</i>
a reef.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To gain without deduction; to
net.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The profit which she <i>cleared</i> on the
cargo.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To clear a ship at the customhouse</b></col>, <cd>to
exhibit the documents required by law, give bonds, or perform
other acts requisite, and procure a permission to sail, and such
papers as the law requires.</cd> -- <col><b>To clear a ship for
action</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>To clear for action</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to remove incumbrances from the decks, and
prepare for an engagement.</cd> -- <col><b>To clear the
land</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to gain such a distance from
shore as to have sea room, and be out of danger from the
land.</cd> -- <col><b>To clear hawse</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to disentangle the cables when twisted.</cd> -- <col><b>To
clear up</b></col>, <cd>to explain; to dispel, as doubts, cares
or fears.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 264 !></p>

<p><hw>Clear</hw> (kl&emacr;r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become free from clouds or fog; to
become fair; -- often followed by <i>up</i>, <i>off</i>, or
<i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So foul a sky <i>clears</i> not without a
storm.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Advise him to stay till the weather <i>clears</i>
up.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disengage one's self from
incumbrances, distress, or entanglements; to become free.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He that <i>clears</i> at once will relapse; for
finding himself out of straits, he will revert to his customs;
but he that <i>cleareth</i> by degrees induceth a habit of
frugality.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i>
</blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Banking)</i> <def>To make exchanges of
checks and bills, and settle balances, as is done in a clearing
house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To obtain a clearance; as, the steamer
<i>cleared</i> for Liverpool to-day.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To clear out</b></col>, <cd>to go or run away; to
depart.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Clear"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
removing anything; clearance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Clear"ance</hw> (-<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of clearing; as, to make a
thorough <i>clearance</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A certificate that a ship or vessel
has been cleared at the customhouse; permission to
sail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every ship was subject to seizure for want of
stamped <i>clearances</i>.<BR>
<i>Durke</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Clear or net profit.</def>
<i>Trollope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The distance by which
one object clears another, as the distance between the piston and
cylinder head at the end of a stroke in a steam engine, or the
least distance between the point of a cogwheel tooth and the
bottom of a space between teeth of a wheel with which it
engages.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clearance space</b></col> <i>(Steam engine)</i>,
<cd>the space inclosed in one end of the cylinder, between the
valve or valves and the piston, at the beginning of a stroke;
waste room. It includes the space caused by the piston's
clearance and the space in ports, passageways, etc. Its volume is
often expressed as a certain proportion of the volume swept by
the piston in a single stroke.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clear"-cut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a sharp, distinct outline, like
that of a cameo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She has . . . a cold and <i>clear-cut</i>
face.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Concisely and distinctly
expressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clear"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being cleared.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Imputed by his friends to the <i>clearedness</i>,
by his foes to the searedness, of his conscience.<BR>
<i>T. Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clear"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, clears.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gold is a wonderful <i>clearer</i> of the
understanding.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A tool of which the
hemp for lines and twines, used by sailmakers, is
finished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clear"-head`ed</hw> (kl&emacr;r"h&ebreve;d`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a clear understanding; quick of
perception; intelligent.</def> "He was laborious and <i>clear-
headed</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Clear"-head`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Clear"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of making clear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The better <i>clearing</i> of this point.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tract of land cleared of wood for
cultivation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lonely <i>clearing</i> on the shores of Moxie
Lake.<BR>
<i>J. Burroughs.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A method adopted by banks and bankers
for making an exchange of checks held by each against the others,
and settling differences of accounts.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, a similar method has been adopted by
railroads for adjusting their accounts with each other.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The gross amount of the balances
adjusted in the clearing house.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clearing house</b></col>, <cd>the establishment where
the business of clearing is carried on. See <u>above</u>,
<u>3</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clear"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a clear
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clear"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being clear.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Clearness</u>, <u>Perspicuity</u>.
<i>Clearness</i> has reference to our ideas, and springs from a
distinct conception of the subject under consideration.
<i>Perspicuity</i> has reference to the mode of expressing our
ideas and belongs essentially to style. Hence we speak of a
writer as having <i>clear</i> ideas, a <i>clear</i> arrangement,
and <i>perspicuous</i> phraseology. We do at times speak of a
person's having great <i>clearness</i> of style; but in such
cases we are usually thinking of the clearness of his ideas as
manifested in language. "Whenever men think <i>clearly</i>, and
are thoroughly interested, they express themselves with
<i>perspicuity</i> and force."  <i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clear"-see`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
a clear physical or mental vision; having a clear
understanding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clear"-shin`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Shining brightly.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clear"-sight`ed</hw> (-s&imacr;t`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Seeing with clearness; discerning; as,
<i>clear-sighted</i> reason.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clear"-sight`ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Acute
discernment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clear"starch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clearstarched</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Clearstraching</u>.] <def>To
stiffen with starch, and then make clear by clapping with the
hands; as, to <i>clearstarch</i> muslin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clear"starch`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who clearstarches.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Clear"sto`ry</hw> (?), <hw>Clere"sto`ry</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The upper story of the
nave of a church, containing windows, and rising above the aisle
roofs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clear"wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lepidopterous insect with partially
transparent wings, of the family &AElig;geriad&aelig;, of which
the currant and peach-tree borers are examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cleat</hw> (kl&emacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>clete</i> wedge; cf. D. <i>kloot</i> ball, Ger. <i>kloss</i>,
<i>klotz</i>, lump. clod, MHG. <i>kl&omacr;z</i> lump, ball,
wedge, OHG. <i>chl&omacr;z</i> ball, round mass.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A strip of wood or iron
fastened on transversely to something in order to give strength,
prevent warping, hold position, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A device made of wood
or metal, having two arms, around which turns may be taken with a
line or rope so as to hold securely and yet be readily released.
It is bolted by the middle to a deck or mast, etc., or it may be
lashed to a rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cleat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strengthen
with a cleat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cleav"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
cleaving or being divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cleav"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of cleaving or
splitting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The quality
possessed by many crystallized substances of splitting readily in
one or more definite directions, in which the cohesive attraction
is a minimum, affording more or less smooth surfaces; the
direction of the dividing plane; a fragment obtained by cleaving,
as of a diamond. See <u>Parting</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Division into
lamin&aelig;, like slate, with the lamination not necessarily
parallel to the plane of deposition; -- usually produced by
pressure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Basal cleavage</b></col>, <cd>cleavage parallel to the
base of a crystal, or to the plane of the lateral axes.</cd> --
<col><b>Cell cleavage</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>,
<cd>multiplication of cells by fission. See
<u>Segmentation</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cubic cleavage</b></col>,
<cd>cleavage parallel to the faces of a cube.</cd> --
<col><b>Diagonal cleavage</b></col>, <cd>cleavage parallel to ta
diagonal plane.</cd> -- <col><b>Egg clavage</b></col>.
<i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See <u>Segmentation</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Lateral cleavage</b></col>, <cd>cleavage parallel to the
lateral planes.</cd> -- <col><b>Octahedral, Dodecahedral, or
Rhombohedral,</b></col> <col><b>cleavage</b></col>, <cd>cleavage
parallel to the faces of an octahedron, dodecahedron, or
rhombohedron.</cd> -- <col><b>Prismatic cleavage</b></col>,
<cd>cleavage parallel to a vertical prism.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cleave</hw> (kl&emacr;v), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Cleaved</u> (kl&emacr;vd),
<u>Clave</u> (kl&amacr;v, Obs.); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Cleaved</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cleaving</u>.] [OE. <i>cleovien</i>, <i>clivien</i>,
<i>cliven</i>, AS. <i>cleofian</i>, <i>clifian</i>; akin to OS.
<i>klib&omacr;n</i>, G. <i>kleben</i>, LG. <i>kliven</i>, D.
<i>kleven</i>, Dan. <i>kl&aelig;be</i>, Sw. <i>klibba</i>, and
also to G. <i>kleiben</i> to cleve, paste, Icel.
<i>kl&imacr;fa</i> to climb. Cf. <u>Climb</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To adhere closely; to stick; to hold
fast; to cling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My bones <i>cleave</i> to my skin.<BR>
<i>Ps. cii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The diseases of Egypt . . . shall <i>cleave</i>
unto thee.<BR>
<i>Deut. xxviii. 60.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Sophistry <i>cleaves</i> close to and protects<BR>
Sin's rotten trunk, concealing its defects.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite or be united closely in
interest or affection; to adhere with strong
attachment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore shall a man leave his father and his
mother, and shall <i>cleave</i> unto his wife.<BR>
<i>Gen. ii. 24.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cleave</i> unto the Lord your God.<BR>
<i>Josh. xxiii. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fit; to be adapted; to
assimilate.</def> [Poetic.]</p>

<p><blockquote>New honors come upon him,<BR>
Like our strange garments, <i>cleave</i> not to their mold<BR>
But with the aid of use.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cleave</hw> (kl&emacr;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Cleft</u> (kl&ebreve;ft), <u>Clave</u>
(kl&amacr;v, Obs.), <u>Clove</u> (kl&omacr;v, Obsolescent);
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cleft</u>, <u>Cleaved</u>
(kl&emacr;vd) or <u>Cloven</u> (kl&omacr;"v'n); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cleaving</u>.] [OE. <i>cleoven</i>,
<i>cleven</i>, AS. <i>cle&oacute;fan</i>; akin to OS.
<i>klioban</i>, D. <i>klooven</i>, G. <i>klieben</i>, Icel.
<i>klj&umacr;fa</i>, Sw. <i>klyfva</i>, Dan. <i>kl&ouml;ve</i>
and prob. to Gr. <grk>gly`fein</grk> to carve, L. <i>glubere</i>
to peel. Cf. <u>Cleft</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To part or
divide by force; to split or rive; to cut.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Hamlet, thou hast <i>cleft</i> my heart in
twain.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To part or open naturally; to
divide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every beast that parteth the hoof, and
<i>cleaveth</i> the cleft into two claws.<BR>
<i>Deut. xiv. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cleave</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To part; to
open; to crack; to separate; as parts of bodies; as, the ground
<i>cleaves</i> by frost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Mount of Olives shall <i>cleave</i> in the
midst.<BR>
<i>Zech. xiv. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cleave"land*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
Professor Parker <i>Cleaveland</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety
of albite, white and lamellar in structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cleav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
cleaves, or that which cleaves; especially, a butcher's
instrument for cutting animal bodies into joints or
pieces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cleav"ers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cleave</u> to stick.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of
<i>Galium</i> (<i>G. Aparine</i>), having a fruit set with hooked
bristles, which adhere to whatever they come in contact with; --
called also, <i>goose grass</i>, <i>catchweed</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cl&eacute;`ch&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F. <i>cl&eacute;ch&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Charged with
another bearing of the same figure, and of the color of the
field, so large that only a narrow border of the first bearing
remains visible; -- said of any heraldic bearing. Compare
<u>Voided</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cle"chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cl&eacute;ch&eacute;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cledge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Clay</u>.]
<i>(Mining.)</i> <def>The upper stratum of fuller's
earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cledg"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stiff,
stubborn, clayey, or tenacious; as, a <i>cledgy</i> soil.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clee</hw> (kl&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
claw.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clee</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The redshank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clef</hw> (kl&ebreve;f; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>clef</i> key, a key in music, fr. L. <i>clavis</i> key. See
<u>Clavicle</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A character used in musical
notation to determine the position and pitch of the scale as
represented on the staff.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>clefs</i> are three in number, called the C, F,
and G <i>clefs</i>, and are probably corruptions or modifications
of these letters. They indicate that the letters of absolute
pitch belonging to the lines upon which they are placed, are
respectively C, F, and G. The F or <i>bass clef</i>, and the G or
<i>treble clef</i>, are fixed in their positions upon the staff.
The C <i>clef</i> may have three positions. It may be placed upon
the first or lower line of the staff, in which case it is called
<i>soprano clef</i>, upon the third line, in which case it called
<i>alto clef</i>, or upon the fourth line, in which case <i>tenor
clef</i>. It rarely or never is placed upon the second line,
except in ancient music. See other forms of C <i>clef</i> under
C, 2.</p>

<p><col><b>Alto clef</b></col>, <col><b>Bass clef</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Alto</u>, <u>Bass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cleft</hw> (kl&ebreve;ft), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> from <u>Cleave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cleft</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Divided; split; partly divided or split.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Incised nearly to the
midrib; as, a <i>cleft</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cleft</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>clift</i>; cf.
Sw. <i>klyft</i> cave, den, Icel. <i>kluft</i> cleft, Dan.
<i>kl&ouml;ft</i>, G. <i>kluft</i>. See <u>Cleave</u> to split
and cf. 2d <u>Clift</u>, 1st <u>Clough</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A space or opening made by splitting; a crack; a crevice;
as, the <i>cleft</i> of a rock.</def>  <i>Is. ii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece made by splitting; as, a
<i>cleft</i> of wood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A disease in horses; a
crack on the band of the pastern.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Branchial clefts</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Branchial</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Crack; crevice; fissure; chink; cranny.</p>

<p><hw>Cleft"-foot`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
a cloven foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cleft"graft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
ingraft by cleaving the stock and inserting a scion.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cleg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Northern Eng. &amp; Scot.
<i>gleg</i>: cf. Gael. <i>crethleag</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small breeze or horsefly.</def> [North of Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cleis`to*gam"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Cleis*tog"a*mous</hw> (?)
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; closed (fr. &?; to shut) +
<grk>ga`mos</grk> marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having, beside
the usual flowers, other minute, closed flowers, without petals
or with minute petals; -- said of certain species of plants which
possess flowers of two or more kinds, the closed ones being so
constituted as to insure self-fertilization.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clem</hw> (kl&ebreve;m), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<i>clam</i> to clog, or G. <i>klemmen</i> to pinch, Icel.
<i>kl&ouml;mbra</i>, E. <i>clamp</i>.] <def>To starve; to
famish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clem"a*tis</hw> (kl&ebreve;m"&adot;*t&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>klhmati`s</grk>
brushwood, also (from its long, lithe branches) clematis. fr.
<grk>klh^ma</grk> twig, shoot, fr. <grk>kla^n</grk> to break
off.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of flowering plants, of many
species, mostly climbers, having feathery styles, which greatly
enlarge in the fruit; -- called also <i>virgin's
bower</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clem"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Clemency.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clem"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Clemencies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>clementia</i>, fr.
<i>clemens</i> mild, calm.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disposition
to forgive and spare, as offenders; mildness of temper;
gentleness; tenderness; mercy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great <i>clemency</i> and tender zeal toward their
subjects.<BR>
<i>Stowe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They had applied for the royal
<i>clemency</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mildness or softness of the elements;
as, the <i>clemency</i> of the season.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mildness; tenderness; indulgence; lenity;
mercy; gentleness; compassion; kindness.</p>

<p><hw>Clem"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clemens</i>; <i>-entis</i>; cf. F. <i>cl&?;ment</i>.]
<def>Mild in temper and disposition; merciful;
compassionate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Clem"ent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Clem"ent*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Clement, esp. to St. Clement of Rome and the
spurious homilies attributed to him, or to Pope Clement V. and
his compilations of canon law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clench</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Clinch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clepe</hw> (kl&emacr;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cleped</u>
(kl&emacr;p"&ebreve;d) or (kl&emacr;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cleping</u>. Cf. <u>Ycleped</u>.] [AS.
<i>clepan</i>, <i>cleopian</i>, <i>clipian</i>, <i>clypian</i>,
to cry, call.] <def>To call, or name.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That other son was <i>cleped</i> Cambalo.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clepe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make appeal;
to cry out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wandering in woe, and to the heavens on high<BR>
<i>Cleping</i> for vengeance of this treachery.<BR>
<i>Mir. for Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Clep"si*ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fresh-water leeches,
furnished with a proboscis. They feed upon mollusks and
worms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clep"sy*dra</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. from
Gr. &?;; &?; to steal, conceal + &?; water.] <def>A water clock;
a contrivance for measuring time by the graduated flow of a
liquid, as of water, through a small aperture. See <i>Illust.</i>
in <u>Appendix</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 265 !></p>

<p><hw>||Clep`to*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>See <u>Kleptomania</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clere"sto`ry</hw> (kl&emacr;r"st&omacr;`r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Clearstory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cler"geon</hw> (kl&etilde;r"j&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of <i>clerc</i>. See
<u>Clerk</u>.] <def>A chorister boy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cler"gi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Learned;
erudite; clerical.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cler"gi*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the clergy; clerical; clerkily; learned.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cler"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>clergie</i>, <i>clergi</i>, <i>clerge</i>, OF. <i>clergie</i>,
F. <i>clergie</i> (fr. <i>clerc</i> clerc, fr. L. <i>clericus</i>
priest) confused with OF. <i>clergi&eacute;</i>, F.
<i>clerg&eacute;</i>, fr. LL. <i>clericatus</i> office of priest,
monastic life, fr. L. <i>clericus</i> priest, LL. scholar, clerc.
Both the Old French words meant clergy, in sense 1, the former
having also sense 2. See <u>Clerk</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The body of men set apart, by due
ordination, to the service of God, in the Christian church, in
distinction from the laity; in England, usually restricted to the
ministers of the Established Church.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Learning; also, a learned
profession.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sophictry . . . rhetoric, and other
<i>cleargy</i>.<BR>
<i>Guy of Warwick.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Put their second sons to learn some
<i>clergy</i>.<BR>
<i>State Papers (1515).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The privilege or benefit of
clergy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If convicted of a clergyable felony, he is
entitled equally to his <i>clergy</i> after as before
conviction.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Benefit of clergy</b></col> <i>(Eng., Law)</i>,
<cd>the exemption of the persons of clergymen from criminal
process before a secular judge -- a privilege which was extended
to all who could read, such persons being, in the eye of the law,
<i>clerici</i>, or clerks. This privilege was abridged and
modified by various statutes, and finally abolished in the reign
of George IV. (1827).</cd> -- <col><b>Regular clergy</b></col>,
<col><b>Secular clergy</b></col> <cd>See <u>Regular</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Secular</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Cler"gy*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Entitled
to, or admitting, the benefit of clergy; as, a <i>clergyable</i>
felony.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cler"gy*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Clergymen</b></plw> (#). <def>An ordained minister; a man
regularly authorized to preach the gospel, and administer its
ordinances; in England usually restricted to a minister of the
Established Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cler"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS., fr. L.
<i>clericus</i>. See <u>Clerk</u>.] <def>A clerk, a
clergyman.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cler"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Clerical</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cler"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>clericalis</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Clerk</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the clergy; suitable for the
clergy.</def> "A <i>clerical</i> education."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or relating to a clerk or copyist,
or to writing.</def> "<i>Clerical</i> work."  <i>E.
Everett.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A clerical error</b></col>, <cd>an error made in
copying or writing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cler"ic*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
excessive devotion to the interests of the sacerdotal order;
undue influence of the clergy; sacerdotalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cler*ic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being a clergyman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cler"i*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>clericia</i>. See <u>Clergy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
literati, or well educated class.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The clergy, or their opinions, as
opposed to the laity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clerk</hw> (kl&etilde;rk; in Eng. kl&auml;rk; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Either OF. <i>clerc</i>, fr. L.
<i>clericus</i> a priest, or AS. <i>clerc</i>, <i>cleric</i>,
clerk, priest, fr. L. <i>clericus</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>klhriko`s</grk> belonging to the clergy, fr.
<grk>klh^ros</grk> lot, allotment, clergy; cf. Deut. xviii. 2.
Cf. <u>Clergy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A clergyman or
ecclesiastic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All persons were styled <i>clerks</i> that served
in the church of Christ.<BR>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man who could read; a scholar; a
learned person; a man of letters.</def> [Obs.] "Every one that
could read . . . being accounted a <i>clerk</i>."
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was no great <i>clerk</i>, but he was perfectly
well versed in the interests of Europe.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A parish officer, being a layman who
leads in reading the responses of the Episcopal church service,
and otherwise assists in it.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And like unlettered <i>clerk</i> still cry
"Amen".<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One employed to keep records or
accounts; a scribe; an accountant; as, the <i>clerk</i> of a
court; a town <i>clerk</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>clerk</i> of the crown . . . withdrew the
bill.<BR>
<i>Strype.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In some cases, <i>clerk</i> is synonymous with
<i>secretary</i>. A clerk is always an officer subordinate to a
higher officer, board, corporation, or person; whereas a
secretary may be either a subordinate or the head of an office or
department.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An assistant in a shop or store.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Clerk"-ale`</hw> (? in Eng. &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A feast for the benefit of the parish clerk.</def> [Eng.]
<i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clerk"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unlearned.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E. Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clerk"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scholarlike.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clerk"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Scholarship.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Clerk"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a clerk.</def>  <i>Cranmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clerk"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scholarly
manner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clerk"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State, quality,
or business of a clerk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cler"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; lot
+ <i>-mancy</i>; cf. F. <i>cl&eacute;romancie</i>.] <def>A
divination by throwing dice or casting lots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cle*ron"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
inheritance + &?; to possess.] <def>Inheritance;
heritage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cler"sto`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Clearstory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Origin uncertain.
Cf. OE. <i>cliver</i> eager, AS. <i>clyfer</i> (in comp.) cloven;
or <i>clifer</i> a claw, perh. connected with E. <i>cleave</i> to
divide, split, the meaning of E. <i>clever</i> perh. coming from
the idea of grasping, seizing (with the mind).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing quickness of intellect, skill,
dexterity, talent, or adroitness; expert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though there were many <i>clever</i> men in
England during the latter half of the seventeenth century, there
were only two great creative minds.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Be good, sweet maid, and let who will be
<i>clever</i>.<BR>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Showing skill or adroitness in the
doer or former; as, a <i>clever</i> speech; a <i>clever</i>
trick.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having fitness, propriety, or
suitableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"T would sound more <i>clever</i><BR>
To me and to my heirs forever.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Well-shaped; handsome.</def> "The girl
was a tight, <i>clever</i> wench as any was."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Good-natured; obliging.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Smart</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Clev"er*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
clever.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Clev"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a clever
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never was man so <i>clever</i> absurd.<BR>
<i>C. Smart.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clev"er*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being clever; skill; dexterity; adroitness.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Ingenuity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Clev"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Cleave</u>
to adhere, <u>Clavel</u>.] <def>A piece of metal bent in the form
of an oxbow, with the two ends perforated to receive a pin, used
on the end of the tongue of a plow, wagen, etc., to attach it to
a draft chain, whiffletree, etc.; -- called also <i>clavel</i>,
<i>clevy</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Clew</hw> (kl&umacr;), <hw>Clue</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>clewe</i>, <i>clowe</i>,
<i>clue</i>, AS. <i>cleowen</i>, <i>cliwen</i>, <i>clywe</i> ball
of thread; akin to D. <i>kluwen</i>, OHG. <i>chliwa</i>,
<i>chliuwa</i>, G. dim. <i>kleuel</i>, <i>kn&auml;uel</i>, and
perch. to L. <i>gluma</i> hull, husk, Skr. <i>glaus</i> sort of
ball or tumor. Perch. akin to E. <i>claw</i>. &radic;26. Cf.
<u>Knawel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ball of thread, yarn,
or cord; also, The thread itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Untwisting his deceitful <i>clew</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which guides or directs one in
anything of a doubtful or intricate nature; that which gives a
hint in the solution of a mystery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>clew</i>, without which it was perilous to
enter the vast and intricate maze of countinental politics, was
in his hands.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a.)</i></sd> <def>A
lower corner of a square sail, or the after corner of a fore-and-
aft sail.</def> <sd><i>(b.)</i></sd> <def>A loop and thimbles at
the corner of a sail.</def> <sd><i>(c.)</i></sd> <def>A
combination of lines or nettles by which a hammock is
suspended.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clew garnet</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>one of the
ropes by which the clews of the courses of square-rigged vessels
are drawn up to the lower yards.</cd> -- <col><b>Clew
line</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rope by which a clew of one
of the smaller square sails, as topsail, topgallant sail, or
royal, is run up to its yard.</cd> -- <col><b>Clew-line
block</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>The block through which a
clew line reeves. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Block</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Clewing</u>.] [Cf. D. <i>kluwenen</i>. See
<u>Clew</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
direct; to guide, as by a thread.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Direct and <i>clew</i> me out the way to
happiness.<BR>
<i>Beau. && Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To move of draw (a sail
or yard) by means of the clew garnets, clew lines, etc.; esp. to
draw up the clews of a square sail to the yard.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To clew down</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to force (a
yard) down by hauling on the clew lines.</cd> -- <col><b>To clew
up</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to draw (a sail) up to the yard,
as for furling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Cli`ch&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>clich&eacute;</i>, from <i>clicher</i> to stereotype.] <def>A
stereotype plate or any similar reproduction of ornament, or
lettering, in relief.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clich&eacute; casting</b></col>, <cd>a mode of
obtaining an impression from a die or woodcut, or the like, by
striking it suddenly upon metal which has been fused and is just
becoming solid; also, the casting so obtained.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Click</hw> (kl&ibreve;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clicked</u> (kl&ibreve;kt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Clicking</u>.] [Prob. an
onomatopoetic word: cf. OF. <i>cliquier</i>. <u>See Clack</u>,
and cf. <u>Clink</u>, <u>Clique</u>.] <def>To make a slight,
sharp noise (or a succession of such noises), as by gentle
striking; to tick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The varnished clock that <i>clicked</i> behind the
door.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Click</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To move with the sound of a click.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>clicked</i> back the bolt which held the
window sash.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to make a clicking noise, as
by striking together, or against something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Jove] <i>clicked</i> all his marble thumbs.<BR>
<i>Ben Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>When merry milkmaids <i>click</i> the latch.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Click</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
slight sharp noise, such as is made by the cocking of a
pistol.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of articulation used by the
natives of Southern Africa, consisting in a sudden withdrawal of
the end or some other portion of the tongue from a part of the
mouth with which it is in contact, whereby a sharp, clicking
sound is produced. The sounds are four in number, and are called
cerebral, palatal, dental, and lateral <i>clicks</i> or clucks,
the latter being the noise ordinarily used in urging a horse
forward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Click</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>kleken</i>,
<i>clichen</i>. Cf. <u>Clutch</u>.] <def>To snatch.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Click</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 4th <u>Click</u>,
and OF. <i>clique</i> latch.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A detent,
pawl, or ratchet, as that which catches the cogs of a ratchet
wheel to prevent backward motion. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Ratched wheel</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The latch of a door.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Click" bee"tle</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Elater</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Click"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stands before a shop door to invite people to
buy.</def> [Low, Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>One who as has charge
of the work of a companionship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Click"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>cliquet</i> the latch of a door. See 5th <u>Click</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The knocker of a door.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A latch key.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Click"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
click; abounding in clicks.</def> "Their strange <i>clicky</i>
language."  <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cli*das"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., prob.
from Gr. <grk>klei`s</grk> key.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of
extinct marine reptiles, allied to the Mosasaurus. See
<i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being a client.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cliens</i>,
<i>-emtis</i>, for <i>cluens</i>, one who hears (in relation to
his protector), a client, fr. L. <i>cluere</i> to be named or
called; akin to Gr. &?; to hear, Skr. <i>&ccedil;ry</i>, and E.
<i>loud</i>: cf. F. <i>client</i>. See <u>Loud</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A citizen who put
himself under the protection of a man of distinction and
influence, who was called his patron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dependent; one under the protection
of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do think they are your friends and
<i>clients</i>,<BR>
And fearful to disturb you.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who consults a legal
adviser, or submits his cause to his management.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli"ent*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>State of being client.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body of clients.</def>  <i>E.
Everett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cli*en"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a client.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dependent and <i>cliental</i> relation.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I sat down in the <i>cliental</i> chair.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cli"ent*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supplied
with clients.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The least <i>cliented</i> pettifiggers.<BR>
<i>R. Carew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cli*en"te*lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Clientele</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli`en*tele"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clientela</i>: cf. F. <i>client&egrave;le</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or position of a client;
clientship</def>. [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The clients or dependents of a
nobleman of patron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The persons who make habitual use of
the services of another person; one's clients, collectively; as,
the <i>clientele</i> of a lawyer, doctor, notary, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli"ent*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Condition
of a client; state of being under the protection of a
patron.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cliff</hw> (kl&ibreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>clif</i>, <i>cloef</i>; akin to OS. <i>klif</i>, D.
<i>klif</i>, <i>klip</i>, Icel. <i>klif</i>, Dan. &amp; G.
<i>klippe</i>, Sw. <i>klippa</i>; perh. orig. <i>a climbing
place</i>. See <u>Climb</u>.] <def>A high, steep rock; a
precipice.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cliff swallow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
North American swallow (<i>Petrochelidon lunifrons</i>), which
builds its nest against cliffs; the <i>eaves
swallow</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cliff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See
<u>Clef</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cliff" lime"stone`</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A series
of limestone strata found in Ohio and farther west, presenting
bluffs along the rivers and valleys, formerly supposed to be of
one formation, but now known to be partly Silurian and partly
Devonian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cliff"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having cliffs;
broken; craggy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Cliff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A cliff.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That gainst the craggy <i>clifts</i> did loudly
roar.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clift</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cleft</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cleft of crack; a
narrow opening.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fork of the legs; the
crotch.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clift"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Clift</u> a
cleft.] <def>Broken; fissured.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Climb the Ande&?; <i>clifted</i> side.<BR>
<i>Grainger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cli*mac"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, prop., round of a ladder, fr. &?; ladder: cf. F.
<i>climact&egrave;re</i>. See <u>Climax</u>.] <def>See
<u>Climacteric</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Cli*mac"ter*ic</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>climactericus</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Climacter</u>.]
<def>Relating to a climacteric; critical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli*mac"ter*ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A period in human life in which some
great change is supposed to take place in the constitution. The
critical periods are thought by some to be the years produced by
multiplying 7 into the odd numbers 3, 5, 7, and 9; to which
others add the 81st year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any critical period.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is your lot, as it was mine, to live during one
of the grand <i>climacterics</i> of the world.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Grand</b></col> or <col><b>Great
climacteric</b></col>, <cd>the sixty-third year of human
life.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I should hardly yield my rigid fibers to be
regenerated by them; nor begin, in my <i>grand climacteric</i>,
to squall in their new accents, or to stammer, in my second
cradle, the elemental sounds of their barbarous metaphysics.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clim`ac*ter"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Climacteric</u>.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cli"ma*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Climatic.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cli`ma*tar"chic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Climate</i> + Gr. &?; to rule.] <def>Presiding over, or
regulating, climates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>climat</i>,
L. <i>clima</i>, <i>-atis</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, slope, the
supposed slope of the earth (from the equator toward the pole),
hence a region or zone of the earth, fr. &?; to slope, incline,
akin to E. <i>lean</i>, v. i. See <u>Lean</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Clime</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anc.
Geog.)</i> <def>One of thirty regions or zones, parallel to the
equator, into which the surface of the earth from the equator to
the pole was divided, according to the successive increase of the
length of the midsummer day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition of a place in relation
to various phenomena of the atmosphere, as temperature, moisture,
etc., especially as they affect animal or vegetable
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli"mate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
dwell.</def> [Poetic] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cli*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a climate; depending on, or limited by, a
climate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Climatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Climatized</u> (#); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Climatizing</u>.] <def>To acclimate or
become acclimated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli`ma*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Climate</i> + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of
climates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli`ma*to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to climatology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli`ma*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in, or who studies, climatology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli`ma*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Climate</i> + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>climatologie</i>.]
<def>The science which treats of climates and investigates their
phenomena and causes.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cli"ma*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>climature</i>.] <def>A climate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cli"max</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr. &?;
ladder, staircase, fr. &?; to make to bend, to lean. See
<u>Ladder</u>, <u>Lean</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Upward movement; steady increase;
gradation; ascent.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure in which the
parts of a sentence or paragraph are so arranged that each
succeeding one rises above its predecessor in
impressiveness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Tribulation worketh patience, patience
experience, and experience hope" -- a happy <i>climax</i>.<BR>
<i>J. D. Forbes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The highest point; the greatest
degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must look higher for the <i>climax</i> of
earthly good.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 266 !></p>

<p><col><b>To cap the climax</b></col>, <cd>to surpass
everything, as in excellence or in absurdity.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Climb</hw> (kl&imacr;m), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Climbed</u> (kl&imacr;md),
Obs. or Vulgar <u>Clomb</u> (kl&obreve;m); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Climbing</u>.] [AS. <i>climban</i>; akin to OHG.
<i>chlimban</i>, G. &amp; D. <i>klimmen</i>, Icel.
<i>kl&imacr;fa</i>, and E. <i>cleave</i> to adhere.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ascend or mount laboriously, esp. by
use of the hands and feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ascend as if with effort; to rise
to a higher point.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Black vapors <i>climb</i> aloft, and cloud the
day.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>To ascend or creep
upward by twining about a support, or by attaching itself by
tendrils, rootlets, etc., to a support or upright
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Climb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ascend, as by
means of the hands and feet, or laboriously or slowly; to
mount.</def></p>

<p><hw>Climb</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
climbs; ascent by climbing.</def>  <i>Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Climb"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being climbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Climb"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, climbs</def>: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant that climbs.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird that climbs, as a woodpecker or a
parrot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Climb"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From <u>Climb</u>;
cf. <u>Clamber</u>.] <def>To climb; to mount with effort; to
clamber.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Climb"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> of
<u>Climb</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Climbing fern</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fern</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Climbing perch</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Anabas</u>, and
<u>Labyrinthici</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>clima</i>. See
<u>Climate</u>.] <def>A climate; a tract or region of the earth.
See <u>Climate</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Turn we to sutvey,<BR>
Where rougher <i>climes</i> a nobler race display.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cli*nan"thi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; bed + &?; flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The receptacle of
the flowers in a composite plant; -- also called
<i>clinium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clinch</hw> (kl&ibreve;nch; 224), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clinched</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Clinching</u>.] [OE. <i>clenchen</i>,
prop. causative of <i>clink</i> to cause to clink, to strike; cf.
D. <i>klinken</i> to tinkle, rivet. See <u>Clink</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hold firmly; to hold fast by grasping
or embracing tightly.</def> "<i>Clinch</i> the pointed spear."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set closely together; to close
tightly; as, to <i>clinch</i> the teeth or the first.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bend or turn over the point of
(something that has been driven through an object), so that it
will hold fast; as, to <i>clinch</i> a nail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make conclusive; to confirm; to
establish; as, to <i>clinch</i> an argument.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clinch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hold fast; to
grasp something firmly; to seize or grasp one another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clinch</hw> (kl&ibreve;nch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of holding fast; that
which serves to hold fast; a grip; a grasp; a clamp; a holdfast;
as, to get a good <i>clinch</i> of an antagonist, or of a weapon;
to secure anything by a <i>clinch</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pun.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A hitch or bend by
which a rope is made fast to the ring of an anchor, or the
breeching of a ship's gun to the ringbolts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clinch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, clinches; that
which holds fast.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which ends a dispute or
controversy; a decisive argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clinch"er-built</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Clinker-built</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cling</hw> (kl&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clung</u> (kl&ubreve;ng),
<u>Clong</u> (kl&obreve;ng), Obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Clinging</u>.] [AS. <i>clingan</i> to adhere, to
wither; akin to Dan. <i>klynge</i> to cluster, crowd. Cf.
<u>Clump</u>.] <def>To adhere closely; to stick; to hold fast,
especially by twining round or embracing; as, the tendril of a
vine <i>clings</i> to its support; -- usually followed by
<i>to</i> or <i>together</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And what hath life for thee<BR>
That thou shouldst <i>cling</i> to it thus?<BR>
<i>Mrs. Hemans.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cling</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to adhere to, especially by twining round or
embracing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>clung</i> legs as close to his side as I
could.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make to dry up or wither.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If thou speak'st false,<BR>
Upon the next tree shalt thou hang alive,<BR>
Till famine <i>cling</i> thee.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Adherence;
attachment; devotion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A more tenacious <i>cling</i> to worldly
respects.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cling"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the flesh attached closely to the stone, as in some kinds of
peaches.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fruit, as a peach,
whose flesh adheres to the stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cling"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to cling;
adhesive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Clin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Clinical</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One confined to the bed
by sickness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One who receives
baptism on a sick bed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A school, or a session
of a school or class, in which medicine or surgery is taught by
the examination and treatment of patients in the presence of the
pupils.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Clin"ic*al</hw> (kl&ibreve;n"&ibreve;k*<i>a</i>l),
<hw>Clin"ic</hw> (kl&ibreve;n"&ibreve;k) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>kliniko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>kli`nh</grk> bed, fr.
<grk>kli`nein</grk> to lean, recline: cf. F. <i>clinique</i>. See
<u>Lean</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to a bed, especially, a sick bed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a clinic, or to
the study of disease in the living subject.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clinical baptism</b></col>, <cd>baptism administered
to a person on a sick bed.</cd> -- <col><b>Clinical
instruction</b></col>, <cd>instruction by means of clinics.</cd>
-- <col><b>Clinical lecture</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
discourse upon medical topics illustrated by the exhibition and
examination of living patients.</cd> -- <col><b>Clinical
medicine</b></col>, <col><b>Clinical surgery</b></col>, <cd>that
part of medicine or surgery which is occupied with the
investigation of disease in the living subject.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clin"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
clinical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cli*nique"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A clinic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Clin"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>kli`nh</grk> bed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Clinanthium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clink</hw> (kl&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clinked</u>
(kl&ibreve;&nsm;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Clinking</u>.] [OE. <i>clinken</i>; akin to G. <i>klingen</i>,
D. <i>klinken</i>, SW. <i>klinga</i>, Dan. <i>klinge</i>; prob.
of imitative origin. Cf. <u>Clank</u>, <u>Clench</u>,
<u>Click</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To cause to give out
a slight, sharp, tinkling, sound, as by striking metallic or
other sonorous bodies together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And let me the canakin <i>clink</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clink</hw> (kl&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give out a slight, sharp, tinkling
sound.</def> "The <i>clinking</i> latch."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rhyme. [Humorous].</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slight, sharp,
tinkling sound, made by the collision of sonorous bodies.</def>
"<i>Clink</i> and fall of swords."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clin"kant</hw> (kl&ibreve;&nsm;"k<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Clinquant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clink"er</hw> (kl&ibreve;&nsm;k"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>clink</i>; cf. D. <i>clinker</i> a
brick which is so hard that it makes a sonorous sound, from
<i>clinken</i> to clink. Cf. <u>Clinkstone</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mass composed of several bricks run
together by the action of the fire in the kiln.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Scoria or vitrified incombustible
matter, formed in a grate or furnace where anthracite coal in
used; vitrified or burnt matter ejected from a volcano;
slag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A scale of oxide of iron, formed in
forging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kind of brick. See <i>Dutch
clinker</i>, under <u>Dutch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clink"er-built</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Having the side planks (af a boat) so
arranged that the lower edge of each overlaps the upper edge of
the plank next below it like clapboards on a house. See
<u>Lapstreak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clink"stone`</hw> (?; 110), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Clink</i> + <i>stone</i>; -- from its sonorousness.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>An igneous rock of feldspathic composition,
lamellar in structure, and clinking under the hammer. See
<u>Phonolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli`no*di*ag"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kli`nein</grk> to incline + E. <i>diagonal</i>.]
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>That diagonal or lateral axis in a
monoclinic crystal which makes an oblique angle with the vertical
axis. See <u>Crystallization</u>.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or the direction of, the
clinodiagonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli"no*dome`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kli`nein</grk> to incline + E. <i>dome</i>.]
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>See under <u>Dome</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli"no*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kli`nein</grk> to incline + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>Pertaining
to that mode of projection in drawing in which the rays of light
are supposed to fall obliquely on the plane of
projection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kli`nh</grk> bed + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Like a
bed; -- applied to several processes on the inner side of the
sphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kli`nein</grk> to incline + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>An instrument for determining the dip of beds or strata, pr
the slope of an embankment or cutting; a kind of plumb
level.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clin`o*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or ascertained by, the
clinometer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the oblique crystalline
forms, or to solids which have oblique angles between the axes;
as, the <i>clinometric</i> systems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli*nom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(geol.)</i> <def>That art or operation of measuring the
inclination of strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli`no*pin"a*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kli`nein</grk> to incline + E. <i>pinacoid</i>.]
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The plane in crystals of the monoclinic
system which is parallel to the vertical and the inclined lateral
(clinidiagonal) axes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli`no*rhom"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kli`nein</grk> to incline + E. <i>rhombic</i>: cf. F.
<i>clinorhombique</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Possessing the
qualities of a prism, obliquely inclined to a rhombic base;
monoclinic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clin"quant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Glittering; dressed in, or overlaid with, tinsel
finery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clin"quant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tinsel; Dutch
gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; the
proclaimer, fr. &?; to call, tell of, make famous.] <i>(Class.
Myth.)</i> <def>The Muse who presided over history.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli*o"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A genus of
naked pteropods. One species (<i>Clione papilonacea</i>),
abundant in the Arctic Ocean, constitutes a part of the food of
the Greenland whale. It is sometimes incorrectly called
<i>Clio</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clip</hw> (kl&ibreve;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clipped</u> (kl&ibreve;pt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Clipping</u>.] [OE.
<i>cluppen</i>, <i>clippen</i>, to embrace, AS. <i>clyran</i> to
embrace, clasp; cf. OHG. <i>kluft</i> tongs, shears, Icel,
<i>kl&ymacr;pa</i> to pinch, squeeze, also OE. <i>clippen</i> to
cut, shear, Dan. <i>klippe</i> to clip, cut, SW. &amp; Icel.
<i>klippa</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To embrace, hence; to
encompass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O . . . that Neptune's arms, who <i>clippeth</i>
thee about,<BR>
Would bear thee from the knowledge of thyself.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut off; as with shears or
scissors; as, to <i>clip</i> the hair; to <i>clip</i>
coin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sentenced to have his ears <i>clipped</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To curtail; to cut short.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All my reports go with the modest truth;<BR>
No more nor <i>clipped</i>, but so.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In London they <i>clip</i> their words after one
manner about the court, another in the city, and a third in the
suburbs.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clip</hw> (kl&ibreve;p), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
move swiftly; -- usually with indefinite <i>it</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Straight flies as chek, and <i>clips</i> it down
the wind.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
embrace.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cutting; a shearing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The product of a single shearing of
sheep; a season's crop of wool.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A clasp or holder for letters, papers,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An embracing strap for holding parts
together; the iron strap, with loop, at the ends of a
whiffletree.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A projecting flange on
the upper edge of a horseshoe, turned up so as to embrace the
lower part of the hoof; -- called also <i>toe clip</i> and
<i>beak</i>.</def>  <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A blow or stroke with the hand; as, he
hit him a <i>clip</i>.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Clip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who clips; specifically, one who clips off the edges of
coin.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The value is pared off from it into the
<i>clipper's</i> pocket.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine for clipping hair, esp. the
hair of horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel with a sharp
bow, built and rigged for fast sailing.</def>  -- <wf>Clip"per-
built`</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p>&fist; The name was first borne by "Baltimore clippers" famous
as privateers in the early wars of the United States.</p>

<p><hw>Clip"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of embracing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of cutting off, curtailing, or
diminishing; the practice of clipping the edges of
coins.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>clipping</i> by Englishmen is robbing the
honest man who receives clipped money.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is clipped off or out of
something; a piece separated by clipping; as, newspaper
<i>clippings</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Clique</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. OF.
<i>cliquer</i> to click. See <u>Click</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>A narrow circle of persons associated by
common interests or for the accomplishment of a common purpose; -
- generally used in a bad sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clique</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To To associate
together in a clannish way; to act with others secretly to gain a
desired end; to plot; -- used with <i>together</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cli"quish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a clique; disposed to from cliques; exclusive in
spirit.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cli"*quish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cli"quism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tendency
to associate in cliques; the spirit of cliques.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cli*tel"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., prob.
fr. L. <i>clitellae</i> a packsadle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
thickened glandular portion of the body of the adult earthworm,
consisting of several united segments modified for reproductive
purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cli"to*ris</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to shut up. It is concealed by the <i>labia
pudendi</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A small organ at the upper part
of the vulva, homologous to the penis in the male.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cliv"ers</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cleavers</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cliv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Clivities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>clivus</i> hill.]
<def>Inclination; ascent or descent; a gradient.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Clo"a"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cloac&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sewer; as, the <i>Cloaca Maxima</i> of Rome.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A privy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The common chamber into
which the intestinal, urinary, and generative canals discharge in
birds, reptiles, amphibians, and many fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clo*a"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a cloaca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cloak</hw> (?; 110), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of.
<i>cloque</i> cloak (from the bell-like shape), bell, F.
<i>cloche</i> bell; perh. of Celtic origin and the same word as
E. <i>clock</i>. See 1st <u>Clock</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
loose outer garment, extending from the neck downwards, and
commonly without sleeves. It is longer than a cape, and is worn
both by men and by women.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which conceals; a disguise or
pretext; an excuse; a fair pretense; a mask; a cover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man is esteemed any ways considerable for
policy who wears religion otherwise than as a <i>cloak</i>.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Cloak bag</b></col>, <cd>a bag in which a cloak or
other clothes are carried; a portmanteau.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cloak</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cloaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cloaking</u>.] <def>To cover with, or as with, a
cloak; hence, to hide or conceal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now glooming sadly, so to <i>cloak</i> her
matter.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Palliate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cloak"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
concealed manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cloak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of covering with a cloak; the act of concealing
anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To take heed of their dissemblings and
<i>cloakings</i>.<BR>
<i>Strype.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The material of which of which cloaks
are made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cloak"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room,
attached to any place of public resort, where cloaks, overcoats,
etc., may be deposited for a time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>clucge</i>
bell; akin to D. <i>klok</i> clock, bell, G. <i>glocke</i>, Dan.
<i>klokke</i>, Sw. <i>klocka</i>, Icel. <i>klukka</i> bell, LL.
<i>clocca</i>, <i>cloca</i> (whence F. <i>cloche</i>); al perh.
of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>clog</i> bell, clock, W.
<i>cloch</i> bell. Cf. <u>Cloak</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
machine for measuring time, indicating the hour and other
divisions by means of hands moving on a dial plate. Its works are
moved by a weight or a spring, and it is often so constructed as
to tell the hour by the stroke of a hammer on a bell. It is not
adapted, like the watch, to be carried on the person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A watch, esp. one that strikes.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The striking of a clock.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A figure or figured work on the ankle
or side of a stocking.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The phrases <i>what o'clock</i>? <i>it is nine
o'clock</i>, etc., are contracted from <i>what of the clock</i>?
<i>it is nine of the clock</i>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Alarm clock</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Alarm</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Astronomical clock</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A clock of superior construction, with a
compensating pendulum, etc., to measure time with great accuracy,
for use in astronomical observatories; -- called a
<i>regulator</i> when used by watchmakers as a standard for
regulating timepieces.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A clock with
mechanism for indicating certain astronomical phenomena, as the
phases of the moon, position of the sun in the ecliptic, equation
of time, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric clock</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A clock moved or regulated by electricity
or electro-magnetism.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A clock
connected with an electro-magnetic recording apparatus.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship's clock</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a clock
arranged to strike from one to eight strokes, at half hourly
intervals, marking the divisions of the ship's watches.</cd> --
<col><b>Sidereal clock</b></col>, <cd>an astronomical clock
regulated to keep sidereal time.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clock</hw> (kl&obreve;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
ornament with figured work, as the side of a stocking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To call, as
a hen. See <u>Cluck</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Clock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large beetle, esp. the European dung beetle
(<i>Scarab&aelig;us stercorarius</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Clock"like`</hw> (kl&obreve;k"l&imacr;k`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a clock or like clockwork;
mechanical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their services are <i>clocklike</i>, to be set<BR>
Backward and forward at their lord's command.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clock"work`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The machinery of a clock, or machinery resembling that of a
clock; machinery which produces regularity of movement.</def></p>

<p><! p. 267 !></p>

<p><hw>Clod</hw> (kl&obreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>clodde</i>, latter form of <i>clot</i>. See <u>Clot</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lump or mass, especially of earth,
turf, or clay.</def> "<i>Clods</i> of a slimy substance."
<i>Carew.</i> "<i>Clods</i> of iron and brass." <i>Milton.</i>
"<i>Clods</i> of blood." <i>E. Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth that casteth up from the plow a great
<i>clod</i>, is not so good as that which casteth up a smaller
<i>clod</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The ground; the earth; a spot of earth
or turf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>clod</i><BR>
<i>Where once their sultan's horse has trod</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is earthy and of little
relative value, as the body of man in comparison with the
soul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This cold <i>clod</i> of clay which we carry about
with us.<BR>
<i>T. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A dull, gross, stupid fellow; a
dolt</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A part of the shoulder of a beef
creature, or of the neck piece near the shoulder. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Beef</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clod</hw> (kl&obreve;d), <pos><i>v. i</i></pos> <def>To
collect into clods, or into a thick mass; to coagulate; to clot;
as, <i>clodded</i> gore. See <u>Clot</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Clodded</i> in lumps of clay.<BR>
<i>G. Fletcher.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clod</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pelt with clods.</def>  <i>Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw violently; to hurl.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clod"dish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
clods; gross; low; stupid; boorish.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Clod"dish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Clod"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
clods; full of clods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clod"hop`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rude,
rustic fellow.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Clod"hop`ping</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Boorish;
rude.</def>  <i>C. Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clod"pate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
blockhead; a dolt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clod"pat`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stupid;
dull; doltish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clod"poll`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Clod</i> +
<i>poll</i> head.] <def>A stupid fellow; a dolt.</def> [Written
also <i>clodpole</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cloff</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <def>Formerly an allowance of two pounds in every
three hundred weight after the tare and tret are subtracted; now
used only in a general sense, of small deductions from the
original weight.</def> [Written also <i>clough</i>.]
<i>McCulloch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>clogge</i>
clog, Scot. <i>clag</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, a clot,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, to to obstruct, cover with mud or anything
adhesive; prob. of the same origin as E. <i>clay</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which hinders or impedes motion;
hence, an encumbrance, restraint, or impediment, of any
kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the ancient, honest, juridical principles and
institutions of England are so many <i>clogs</i> to check and
retard the headlong course of violence and opression.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weight, as a log or block of wood,
attached to a man or an animal to hinder motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a dog . . . but chance breaks loose,<BR>
And quits his <i>clog</i>.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>clog</i> of lead was round my feet.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shoe, or sandal, intended to protect
the feet from wet, or to increase the apparent stature, and
having, therefore, a very thick sole. Cf.
<u>Chopine</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In France the peasantry goes barefoot; and the
middle sort . . . makes use of wooden <i>clogs</i>.<BR>
<i>Harvey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Clog almanac</b></col>, <cd>a primitive kind of
almanac or calendar, formerly used in England, made by cutting
notches and figures on the four edges of a clog, or square piece
of wood, brass, or bone; -- called also a <i>Runic staff</i>,
from the Runic characters used in the numerical notation.</cd> --
<col><b>Clog dance</b></col>, <cd>a dance performed by a person
wearing clogs, or thick-soled shoes.</cd> -- <col><b>Clog
dancer</b></col>.</p>

<p><hw>Clog</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clogged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Clogging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
encumber or load, especially with something that impedes motion;
to hamper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The winds of birds were <i>clogged</i> with ace
and snow.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obstruct so as to hinder motion in
or through; to choke up; as, to <i>clog</i> a tube or a
channel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To burden; to trammel; to embarrass;
to perplex.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The commodities are <i>clogged</i> with
impositions.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>You 'll rue the time<BR>
That <i>clogs</i> me with this answer.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impede; hinder; obstruct; embarrass; burden;
restrain; restrict.</p>

<p><hw>Clog</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become clogged; to become loaded or encumbered, as with
extraneous matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In working through the bone, the teeth of the saw
will begin to <i>clog</i>.<BR>
<i>S. Sharp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To coalesce or adhere; to unite in a
mass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Move it sometimes with a broom, that the seeds
<i>clog</i> not together.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clog"gi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being clogged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clog"ging</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything which
clogs.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clog"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clogging, or
having power to clog.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cloi`son*n&eacute;</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.,
partitioned, fr. <i>cloison</i> a partition.] <def>Inlaid between
partitions: -- said of enamel when the lines which divide the
different patches of fields are composed of a kind of metal wire
secured to the ground; as distinguished from
<i>champlev&eacute;</i> enamel, in which the ground is engraved
or scooped out to receive the enamel.</def>  <i>S. Wells
Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clois"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>cloistre</i>, F. <i>clo&icirc;tre</i>, L. <i>claustrum</i>,
pl. <i>claustra</i>, bar, bolt, bounds, fr. <i>claudere</i>,
<i>clausum</i>, to close. See <u>Close</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Claustral</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inclosed place.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A covered passage or ambulatory on one
side of a court;</def> (<i>pl.</i>) <def>the series of such
passages on the different sides of any court, esp. that of a
monastery or a college.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But let my due feet never fail<BR>
To walk the studious <i>cloister's</i> pale.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A monastic establishment; a place for
retirement from the world for religious duties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fitter for a <i>cloister</i> than a crown.<BR>
<i>Daniel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Cloister garth</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the
garden or open part of a court inclosed by the
cloisters.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Cloister</u>, <u>Monastery</u>,
<u>Nunnery</u>, <u>Convent</u>, <u>Abbey</u>, <u>Priory</u>.
<i>Cloister</i> and <i>convent</i> are generic terms, and denote
a place of seclusion from the world for persons who devote their
lives to religious purposes. They differ is that the distinctive
idea of <i>cloister</i> is that of seclusion from the world, that
of <i>convent</i>, community of living. Both terms denote houses
for recluses of either sex. A <i>cloister</i> or <i>convent</i>
for <i>monks</i> is called a <i>monastery</i>; for <i>nuns</i>, a
<i>nunnery</i>. An <i>abbey</i> is a convent or monastic
institution governed by an abbot or an abbess; a <i>priory</i> is
one governed by a prior or a prioress, and is usually affiliated
to an abbey.</p>

<p><hw>Clois"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cloistered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cloistering</u>.] <def>To confine in, or as in, a
cloister; to seclude from the world; to immure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>None among them are thought worthy to be styled
religious persons but those that <i>cloister</i> themselves up in
a monastery.<BR>
<i>Sharp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clois"ter*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cloistral.</def> [Obs.]  <i>I. Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clois"tered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dwelling in cloisters; solitary.</def>
"<i>Cloistered</i> friars and vestal nuns."  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>cloistered</i> state let selfish sages
dwell,<BR>
Proud that their heart is narrow as their cell.<BR>
<i>Shenstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Furnished with cloisters.</def>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clois"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>cloistier</i>.] <def>One belonging to, or living in, a
cloister; a recluse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clois"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or confined in, a cloister; recluse.</def>
[Written also <i>cloisteral</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Best become a <i>cloistral</i> exercise.<BR>
<i>Daniel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clois"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
nun.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cloke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
Cloak.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Clomb</hw> (?), <hw>Clomb"en</hw> (?), }
<def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Climb</u> (for
<i>climbed</i>).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sonne, he sayde, is <i>clomben</i> up on
hevene.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clomp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Clamp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clong</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Cling</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Clon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>klo`nos</grk> a violent, confused motion; cf. F.
<i>clonique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having an irregular,
convulsive motion.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Clonic spasm</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Spasm</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cloom</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [A variant of
<i>clam</i> to clog.] <def>To close with glutinous matter.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cloop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [An
onomatop&oelig;ia.] <def>The sound made when a cork is forcibly
drawn from a bottle.</def> "The <i>cloop</i> of a cork wrenched
from a bottle."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Close</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Closed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Closing</u>.] [From OF. &amp; F. <i>clos</i>, p. p. of
<i>clore</i> to close, fr. L. <i>claudere</i>; akin to G.
<i>schliessen</i> to shut, and to E. <i>clot</i>,
<i>cloister</i>, <i>clavicle</i>, <i>conclude</i>, <i>sluice</i>.
Cf. <u>Clause</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To stop, or fill up, as an opening; to shut; as, to
<i>close</i> the eyes; to <i>close</i> a door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring together the parts of; to
consolidate; as, to <i>close</i> the ranks of an army; -- often
used with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring to an end or period; to
conclude; to complete; to finish; to end; to consummate; as, to
<i>close</i> a bargain; to <i>close</i> a course of
instruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One frugal supper did our studies
<i>close</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To come or gather around; to inclose;
to encompass; to confine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The depth <i>closed</i> me round about.<BR>
<i>Jonah ii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>But now thou dost thyself immure and
<i>close</i><BR>
In some one corner of a feeble heart.<BR>
<i>Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>A closed sea</b></col>, <cd>a sea within the
jurisdiction of some particular nation, which controls its
navigation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Close</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To come together; to unite or coalesce, as the parts of a
wound, or parts separated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What deep wounds ever <i>closed</i> without a
scar?<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To end, terminate, or come to a
period; as, the debate <i>closed</i> at six o'clock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To grapple; to engage in hand-to-hand
fight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They boldly <i>closed</i> in a hand-to-hand
contest.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To close</b></col> <col><b>on or upon</b></col>,
<cd>to come to a mutual agreement; to agree on or join in.</cd>
"Would induce France and Holland to <i>close upon</i> some
measures between them to our disadvantage." <i>Sir W. Temple.</i>
-- <col><b>To close with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
accede to; to consent or agree to; as, to <i>close with</i> the
terms proposed.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To make an agreement
with.</cd> -- <col><b>To close with the land</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to approach the land.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Close</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The manner of shutting; the union of parts; junction.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The doors of plank were; their <i>close</i>
exquisite.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conclusion; cessation; ending;
end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> His long and troubled life was drawing to a
<i>close</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A grapple in wrestling.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
conclusion of a strain of music; cadence.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A double bar marking the end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At every <i>close</i> she made, the attending
throng<BR>
Replied, and bore the burden of the song.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Conclusion; termination; cessation; end;
ending; extremity; extreme.</p>

<p><hw>Close</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. &amp; F.
<i>clos</i> an inclosure, fr. <i>clos</i>, p. p. of <i>clore</i>.
See <u>Close</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An inclosed place; especially, a small field or piece of
land surrounded by a wall, hedge, or fence of any kind; --
specifically, the precinct of a cathedral or abbey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Closes</i> surrounded by the venerable abodes
of deans and canons.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow passage leading from a street
to a court, and the houses within.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Halliwell</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The interest which one
may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not
inclosed.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Close</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Closer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Closest</u>.] [Of. &amp; F. <i>clos</i>,
p. p. of <i>clore</i>. See <u>Close</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shut fast; closed; tight; as, a
<i>close</i> box.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From a <i>close</i> bower this dainty music
flowed.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Narrow; confined; as, a <i>close</i>
alley; <i>close</i> quarters.</def> "A <i>close</i> prison."
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Oppressive; without motion or
ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude; -- said of the air,
weather, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and
doors, the one maketh the air <i>close</i>, . . . and the other
maketh it exceeding unequal.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Strictly confined; carefully quarded;
as, a <i>close</i> prisoner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Out of the way observation; secluded;
secret; hidden.</def> "He yet kept himself <i>close</i> because
of Saul."  <i>1 Chron. xii. 1</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"Her <i>close</i> intent."<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to keep secrets; secretive;
reticent.</def> "For secrecy, no lady <i>closer</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Having the parts near each other;
dense; solid; compact; as applied to bodies; viscous; tenacious;
not volatile, as applied to liquids.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The golden globe being put into a press, . . . the
water made itself way through the pores of that very <i>close</i>
metal.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Concise; to the point; as,
<i>close</i> reasoning.</def> "Where the original is <i>close</i>
no version can reach it in the same compass."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Adjoining; near; either in space;
time, or thought; -- often followed by <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plant the spring crocuses <i>close</i> to a
wall.<BR>
<i>Mortimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The thought of the Man of sorrows seemed a very
<i>close</i> thing -- not a faint hearsay.<BR>
<i>G. Eliot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Short; as, to cut grass or hair
<i>close</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Intimate; familiar;
confidential.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>League with you I seek<BR>
And mutual amity, so strait, so <i>close</i>,<BR>
That I with you must dwell, or you with me.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced;
as, a <i>close</i> vote.</def> "A <i>close</i> contest."
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Difficult to obtain; as, money is
<i>close</i>.</def>  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Parsimonious; stingy.</def> "A crusty
old fellow, as <i>close</i> as a vise."  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>Adhering strictly to a standard or
original; exact; strict; as, a <i>close</i> translation.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>Accurate; careful; precise; also,
attentive; undeviating; strict; not wandering; as, a <i>close</i>
observer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Uttered with a
relatively contracted opening of the mouth, as certain sounds of
<i>e</i> and <i>o</i> in French, Italian, and German; -- opposed
to <i>open</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Close borough</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Borough</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Close breeding</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Breeding</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Close communion</b></col>,
<cd>communion in the Lord's supper, restricted to those who have
received baptism by immersion.</cd> -- <col><b>Close
corporation</b></col>, <cd>a body or corporation which fills its
own vacancies.</cd> -- <col><b>Close fertilization</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Fertilization</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Close
harmony</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>compact harmony, in which
the tones composing each chord are not widely distributed over
several octaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Close time</b></col>, <cd>a
fixed period during which killing game or catching certain fish
is prohibited by law.</cd> -- <col><b>Close vowel</b></col>
<i>(Pron.)</i>, <cd>a vowel which is pronounced with a diminished
aperture of the lips, or with contraction of the cavity of the
mouth.</cd> -- <col><b>Close to the wind</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>directed as nearly to the point from which
the wind blows as it is possible to sail; closehauled; -- said of
a vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Close</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a close manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Secretly; darkly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A wondrous vision which did <i>close</i> imply<BR>
The course of all her fortune and posterity.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Close"-band`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Closely
united.</def></p>

<p><hw>Close"-barred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Firmly
barred or closed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Close"-bod`ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fitting
the body exactly; setting close, as a garment.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Close"-fights`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Barriers with loopholes, formerly erected on
the deck of a vessel to shelter the men in a close engagement
with an enemy's boarders; -- called also <i>close
quarters</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Close"fist`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Covetous; niggardly.</def>  <i>Bp. Berkeley.</i>
"<i>Closefisted</i> contractors."  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Close"hand`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Covetous; penurious; stingy; closefisted.</def>  --
<wf>Close"hand`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Close"hauled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Under way and moving as nearly as possible
toward the direction from which the wind blows; -- said of a
sailing vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Close"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a close manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Secretly; privately.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That nought she did but wayle, and often
steepe<BR>
Her dainty couch with tears which<BR>
<i>closely</i> she did weepe.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Close"mouthed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cautious in speaking; secret; wary;
uncommunicative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clos"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
close.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Close"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being close.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Half stifled by the <i>closeness</i> of the
room.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We rise not against the piercing judgment of
Augustus, nor the extreme caution or <i>closeness</i> of
Tiberius.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An affectation of <i>closeness</i> and
covetousness.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Narrowness; oppressiveness; strictness;
secrecy; compactness; conciseness; nearness; intimacy; tightness;
stinginess; literalness.</p>

<p><hw>Clos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, closes; specifically, a boot closer.
See under <u>Boot</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A finisher; that which finishes or
terminates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>The last stone in a
horizontal course, if of a less size than the others, or a piece
of brick finishing a course.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Close"reefed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Having all the reefs taken in; -- said of a
sail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Close"-stool`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
utensil to hold a chamber vessel, for the use of the sick and
infirm. It is usually in the form of a box, with a seat and tight
cover.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clos"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>closet</i>
little inclosure, dim. of <i>clos</i>. See <u>Close</u> an
inclosure.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small room or apartment for
retirement; a room for privacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A chair-lumbered <i>closet</i>, just twelve feet
by nine.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>When thou prayest, enter into thy
<i>closet</i>.<BR>
<i>Matt. vi. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small apartment, or recess in the
side of a room, for household utensils, clothing, etc.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Closet sin</b></col>, <cd>sin commited in
privacy.</cd> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clos"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Closeting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To shut up in, or as in, a closet; to conceal.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bedlam's <i>closeted</i> and handcuffed
charge.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make into a closet for a secret
interview.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was to call a new legislature, to <i>closet</i>
its members.<BR>
<i>Bancroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He had been <i>closeted</i> with De Quadra.<BR>
<i>Froude.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Close"-tongued`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Closemouthed; silent.</def> "<i>Close-tongued</i> treason."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 268 !></p>

<p><hw>Closh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>clocher</i> to limp, halt.] <def>A disease in the feet of
cattle; laminitis.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Closh</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. D. <i>klossen</i> to
play at bowls.] <def>The game of ninepins.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clo"sure</hw> (?, 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of. closure,
L. <i>clausura</i>, fr. <i>clauedere</i> to shut. See
<u>Close</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of shutting; a closing; as, the <i>closure</i> of a
chink.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which closes or shuts; that by
which separate parts are fastened or closed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without a seal, wafer, or any <i>closure</i>
whatever.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which incloses or confines; an
inclosure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O thou bloody prison . . . <BR>
Within the guilty <i>closure</i> of thy walls<BR>
Richard the Second here was hacked to death.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A conclusion; an end.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Parliamentary Practice)</i> <def>A
method of putting an end to debate and securing an immediate vote
upon a measure before a legislative body. It is similar in effect
to <i>the previous question</i>. It was first introduced into the
British House of Commons in 1882. The French word
<i>cl&ocirc;ture</i> was originally applied to this
proceeding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>clot</i>,
<i>clodde</i>, clod; akin to D. <i>kloot</i> ball, G.
<i>kloss</i> clod, dumpling, <i>klotz</i> block, Dan.
<i>klods</i>, Sw. <i>klot</i> bowl, globe, <i>klots</i> block;
cf. AS. <i>cl&amacr;te</i> bur. Cf. <u>Clod</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Clutter</u> to clot.] <def>A concretion
or coagulation; esp. a soft, slimy, coagulated mass, as of blood;
a coagulum.</def> "<i>Clots</i> of pory gore."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Doth bake the egg into <i>clots</i> as if it began
to poach.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Clod</i> and <i>clot</i> appear to be radically the
same word, and are so used by early writers; but in present use
<i>clod</i> is applied to a mass of earth or the like, and
<i>clot</i> to a concretion or coagulation of soft matter.</p>

<p><hw>Clot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Clotting</u>.] <def>To concrete, coagulate, or thicken, as
soft or fluid matter by evaporation; to become a cot or
clod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form into a
slimy mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clot"bur`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Clote</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The burdock.</def> [Prov.
Engl.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Cocklebur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cl&?;te</i>:
cf. G. <i>klette</i>.] <def>The common burdock; the
clotbur.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cloth</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cloths</b></plw> (#; 115), except in the sense of
garments, when it is <plw><b>Clothes</b></plw> (kl&omacr;thz or
kl&omacr;z). [OE. <i>clath</i> cloth, AS. <i>cl&amacr;&thorn;</i>
cloth, garment; akin to D. <i>kleed</i>, Icel.
<i>kl&aelig;&eth;i</i>, Dan. <i>kl&aelig;de</i>, cloth, Sw.
<i>kl&auml;de</i>, G. <i>kleid</i> garment, dress.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fabric made of fibrous material (or
sometimes of wire, as in wire cloth); commonly, a woven fabric of
cotton, woolen, or linen, adapted to be made into garments;
specifically, woolen fabrics, as distinguished from all
others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dress; raiment. [Obs.] See
<u>Clothes</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll ne'er distust my God for <i>cloth</i> and
bread.<BR>
<i>Quarles.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The distinctive dress of any
profession, especially of the clergy; hence, the clerical
profession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Appeals were made to the priesthood. Would they
tamely permit so gross an insult to be offered to their
<i>cloth</i>?<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cloth</i>, the clergy, are constituted for
administering and for giving the best possible effect to . . .
every axiom.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Body cloth</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Body</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Cloth of gold</b></col>, <cd>a fabric woven wholly or
partially of threads of gold.</cd> -- <col><b>Cloth
measure</b></col>, <cd>the measure of length and surface by which
cloth is measured and sold. For this object the standard yard is
usually divided into quarters and nails.</cd> -- <col><b>Cloth
paper</b></col>, <cd>a coarse kind of paper used in pressing and
finishing woolen cloth.</cd> -- Cloth <col><b>shearer</b></col>,
<cd>one who shears cloth and frees it from superfluous
nap.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clothe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clothed</u> (&?;) or <u>Clad</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Clothing</u>.] [OE.
<i>clathen</i>, <i>clothen</i>, <i>clethen</i>, AS.
<i>cl&amacr;&eth;ian</i>, <i>cl&aelig;&eth;an</i>. See
<u>Cloth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put garments on; to
cover with clothing; to dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go with me, to <i>clothe</i> you as becomes
you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To provide with clothes; as, to feed
and <i>clothe</i> a family; to <i>clothe</i> one's self
extravagantly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drowsiness shall <i>clothe</i> a man with
rags.<BR>
<i>Prov. xxiii. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The naked every day he <i>clad</i>,<BR>
When he put on his clothes.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To cover or invest, as with a
garment; as, to <i>clothe</i> one with authority or
power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Language in which they can <i>clothe</i> their
thoughts.<BR>
<i>Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His sides are <i>clothed</i> with waving wood.<BR>
<i>J. Dyer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus Belial, with with words <i>clothed</i> in
reason's garb.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clothe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wear
clothes.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Care no more to <i>clothe</i> eat.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clothes</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cloth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covering for the human
body; dress; vestments; vesture; -- a general term for whatever
covering is worn, or is made to be worn, for decency or
comfort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She . . . speaks well, and has excellent good
<i>clothes</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If I may touch but his <i>clothes</i>, I shall be
whole.<BR>
<i>Mark. v. 28.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The covering of a bed;
bedclothes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She turned each way her frighted head,<BR>
Then sunk it deep beneath the <i>clothes</i>.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Body clothes</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Body</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Clothes moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small moth of the genus <i>Tinea</i>.
The most common species (<i>T. flavifrontella</i>) is yellowish
white. The larv&aelig; eat woolen goods, furs, feathers, etc.
They live in tubular cases made of the material upon which they
feed, fastened together with silk.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Garments; dress; clothing; apparel; attire;
vesture; raiment; garb; costume; habit; habiliments.</p>

<p><hw>Clothes"horse`</hw> (-h&ocirc;rs`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A frame to hang clothes on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clothes"line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rope
or wire on which clothes are hung to dry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clothes"pin`</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
forked piece of wood, or a small spring clamp, used for fastening
clothes on a line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clothes"press`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
receptacle for clothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cloth"ier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who makes cloths; one who dresses or
fulls cloth.</def>  <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who sells cloth or clothes, or who
makes and sells clothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cloth"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Garments in general; clothes; dress;
raiment; covering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From others he shall stand in need of nothing,<BR>
Yet on his brothers shall depend for <i>clothing</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As for me, . . . my <i>clothing</i> was
sackloth.<BR>
<i>Ps. xxxv. 13</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of process of making
cloth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Instructing [refugees] in the art of
<i>clothing</i>.<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A covering of non-conducting material
on the outside of a boiler, or steam chamber, to prevent
radiation of heat.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>See <i>Card
clothing</i>, under 3d <u>Card</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clot"hred</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<def>Clottered.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clot"poll`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Clodpoll</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clot"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed of
clots or clods; having the quality or form of a clot; sticky;
slimy; foul.</def> "The <i>clotted</i> glebe."  <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When lust . . . <BR>
Lets in defilement to the inward parts,<BR>
The soul grows <i>clotted</i> by contagion.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clot"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From
<u>Clot</u>.] <def>To concrete into lumps; to clot.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Clottered</i> blood."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clot"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Clot</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Full of clots, or clods.</def>
"<i>Clotty</i> matter."  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cl&ocirc;`ture"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Parliamentary Practice)</i> <def>See <u>Closure</u>,
5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clot"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Clote</u>.] <def>Cocklebur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cloud</hw> (kloud), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. AS.
<i>cl&umacr;d</i> a rock or hillock, the application arising from
the frequent resemblance of clouds to rocks or hillocks in the
sky or air.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A collection of visible
vapor, or watery particles, suspended in the upper
atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do set my bow in the <i>cloud</i>.<BR>
<i>Gen. ix. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; A classification of clouds according to their chief
forms was first proposed by the meteorologist Howard, and this is
still substantially employed. The following varieties and
subvarieties are recognized: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <b>Cirrus</b>.
This is the most elevated of all the forms of clouds; is thin,
long-drawn, sometimes looking like carded wool or hair, sometimes
like a brush or room, sometimes in curl-like or fleecelike
patches. It is the <i>cat's-tail</i> of the sailor, and the
<i>mare's-tail</i> of the landsman. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<b>Cumulus</b>. This form appears in large masses of a
hemispherical form, or nearly so, above, but flat below, one
often piled above another, forming great clouds, common in the
summer, and presenting the appearance of gigantic mountains
crowned with snow. It often affords rain and thunder gusts.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <b>Stratus</b>. This form appears in layers
or bands extending horizontally. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<b>Nimbus</b>. This form is characterized by its uniform gray
tint and ragged edges; it covers the sky in seasons of continued
rain, as in easterly storms, and is the proper <i>rain cloud</i>.
The name is sometimes used to denote a raining cumulus, or
cumulostratus. <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <b>Cirro-cumulus</b>. This
form consists, like the <i>cirrus</i>, of thin, broken,
fleecelice clouds, but the parts are more or less rounded and
regulary grouped. It is popularly called <i>mackerel sky</i>.
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <b>Cirro-stratus</b>. In this form the
patches of cirrus coalesce in long strata, between cirrus and
stratus. <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <b>Cumulo-stratus</b>. A form
between cumulus and stratus, often assuming at the horizon a
black or bluish tint. -- <b>Fog</b>, cloud, motionless, or nearly
so, lying near or in contact with the earth's surface. --
<b>Storm scud</b>, cloud lying quite low, without form, and
driven rapidly with the wind.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mass or volume of smoke, or flying
dust, resembling vapor.</def> "A thick <i>cloud</i> of incense."
<i>Ezek. viii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dark vein or spot on a lighter
material, as in marble; hence, a blemish or defect; as, a
<i>cloud</i> upon one's reputation; a <i>cloud</i> on a
title.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which has a dark, lowering, or
threatening aspect; that which temporarily overshadows, obscures,
or depresses; as, a <i>cloud</i> of sorrow; a <i>cloud</i> of
war; a <i>cloud</i> upon the intellect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A great crowd or multitude; a vast
collection.</def> "So great a <i>cloud</i> of witnesses."
<i>Heb. xii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A large, loosely-knitted scarf, worn
by women about the head.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cloud on a</b></col> (<i>or</i> the)
<col><b>title</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a defect of title,
usually superficial and capable of removal by release, decision
in equity, or legislation.</cd> -- <col><b>To be under a
cloud</b></col>, <cd>to be under suspicion or in disgrace; to be
in disfavor.</cd> -- <col><b>In the clouds</b></col>, <cd>in the
realm of facy and imagination; beyond reason; visionary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cloud</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clouded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Clouding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To overspread or hide
with a cloud or clouds; as, the sky is <i>clouded</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To darken or obscure, as if by hiding
or enveloping with a cloud; hence, to render gloomy or
sullen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One day too late, I fear me, noble lord,<BR>
Hath <i>clouded</i> all thy happy days on earth.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not disheartened, then, nor <i>cloud</i> those
looks.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing <i>clouds</i> men's minds and impairs
their honesty like prejudice.<BR>
<i>M. Arnold.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To blacken; to sully; to stain; to
tarnish; to damage; -- esp. used of reputation or
character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would not be a stander-by to hear<BR>
My sovereign mistress <i>clouded</i> so, without<BR>
My present vengeance taken.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mark with, or darken in, veins or
sports; to variegate with colors; as, to <i>cloud</i>
yarn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the nice conduct of a <i>clouded</i> cane.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cloud</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow cloudy;
to become obscure with clouds; -- often used with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Worthies, away! The scene begins to
<i>cloud</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cloud"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mass of
clouds; cloudiness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A scudding <i>cloudage</i> of shapes.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cloud"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A species of raspberry (<i>Rubus Cham&aelig;merous</i>)
growing in the northern regions, and bearing edible, amber-
colored fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cloud"-built</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Built of,
or in, the clouds; airy; unsubstantial; imaginary.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So vanished my <i>cloud-built</i> palace.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cloud"-burst`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sudden
copious rainfall, as if the whole cloud had been precipitated at
once.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cloud"-capped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
clouds resting on the top or head; reaching to the clouds; as,
<i>cloud-capped</i> mountains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cloud"-com*pel`ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cloud-gatherer; -- an epithet applied to Zeus.</def>
[Poetic.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cloud"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
cloudy manner; darkly; obscurely.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cloud"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being cloudy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cloud"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A mottled appearance given to ribbons and silks in the
process of dyeing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A diversity of colors in yarn,
recurring at regular intervals.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cloud"land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Dreamland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cloud"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
cloud; clear; bright.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>cloudless</i> winter sky.<BR>
<i>Bankroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cloud"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cloud"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cloud"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
cloud.</def>  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Eve's first star through fleecy <i>cloudlet</i>
peeping.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cloud"y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Cloudier</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Cloudiest</u>.] [From <i>Cloud</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Overcast or
obscured with clouds; clouded; as, a <i>cloudy</i> sky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of a cloud or
clouds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As Moses entered into the tabernacle, the
<i>cloudy</i> pillar descended.<BR>
<i>Ex. xxxiii. 9</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Indicating gloom, anxiety, sullenness,
or ill-nature; not open or cheerful.</def> "A <i>cloudy
</i>countenance."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Confused; indistinct; obscure;
dark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cloudy</i> and confused notions of things.<BR>
<i>Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Lacking clearness, brightness, or
luster.</def> "A <i>cloudy</i> diamond."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Marked with veins or sports of dark or
various hues, as marble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>clough</i>,
<i>cloghe</i>, <i>clou</i>, <i>clewch</i>, AS. (assumed)
<i>cl&omacr;h</i>, akin to G. <i>klinge</i> ravine.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cleft in a hill; a ravine; a narrow
valley.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sluice used in returning water to a
channel after depositing its sediment on the flooded land.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clough</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i>
<def>An allowance in weighing. See <u>Cloff</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clout</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cl&umacr;t</i> a little cloth, piece of metal; cf. Sw.
<i>klut</i>, Icel. <i>kl&umacr;tr</i> a kerchief, or W.
<i>clwt</i> a clout, Gael. <i>clud</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cloth; a piece of cloth or leather; a patch; a
rag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His garments, nought but many ragged
<i>clouts</i>,<BR>
With thorns together pinned and patched was.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>clout</i> upon that head where late the
diadem stood.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A swadding cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece; a fragment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The center of the butt at which
archers shoot; -- probably once a piece of white cloth or a nail
head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A'must shoot nearer or he'll ne'er hit the
<i>clout</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An iron plate on an axletree or other
wood to keep it from wearing; a washer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A blow with the hand.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><col><b>Clout nail</b></col>, <cd>a kind of wrought-iron nail
heaving a large flat head; -- used for fastening clouts to
axletrees, plowshares, etc., also for studding timber, and for
various purposes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clouted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Clouting</u>.] [OE. <i>clutien</i>. <i>clouten</i>, to patch.
See <u>Clout</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cover with cloth, leather, or other material; to bandage;
patch, or mend, with a clout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And old shoes and <i>clouted</i> upon their
feet.<BR>
<i>Josh. ix. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Paul, yea, and Peter, too, had more skill in . . .
<i>clouting</i> an old tent than to teach lawyers.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To join or patch clumsily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If fond Bavius vent his <i>clouted</i> song.<BR>
<i>P. Fletcher</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To quard with an iron plate, as an
axletree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give a blow to; to strike.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . queen of Spain took off one of her
chopines and <i>clouted</i> Olivarez about the noddle with
it.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To stud with nails, as a timber, or a
boot sole.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clouted cream</b></col>, <cd>clotted cream, <i>i.
e.</i>, cream obtained by warming new milk.</cd>  <i>A.
Philips.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "<i>Clouted</i> brogues" in Shakespeare and
"<i>clouted</i> shoon" in Milton have been understood by some to
mean shoes armed with nails; by others, patched shoes.</p>

<p><hw>Clout"er*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Clout</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Clumsy; awkward.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rough-hewn, <i>cloutery</i> verses.<BR>
<i>E. Phillips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clove</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Cleave</u>.
<def>Cleft.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Clove hitch</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Hitch</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Clove hook</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an iron two-part hook, with jaws overlapping,
used in bending chain sheets to the clews of sails; -- called
also <i>clip hook</i>.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clove</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>kloof</i>. See
<u>Cleave</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A cleft; a gap; a
ravine; -- rarely used except as part of a proper name; as,
Kaaterskill <i>Clove</i>; Stone <i>Clove</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clove</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>clow</i>, fr. F.
<i>clou</i> nail, <i>clou de girofle</i> a clove, lit. nail of
clove, fr. L. <i>clavus</i> nail, perh. akin to <i>clavis</i>
key, E. <i>clavicle</i>. The clove was so called from its
resemblance to a nail. So in D. <i>kruidnagel</i> clove, lit.
<i>herb-nail</i> or <i>spice-nail</i>. Cf. <u>Cloy</u>.] <def>A
very pungent aromatic spice, the unexpanded flower bud of the
clove tree (<i>Eugenia, or Caryophullus, aromatica</i>), a native
of the Molucca Isles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clove camphor</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Eugenin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Clove gillyflower</b></col>,
<col><b>Clove pink</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any fragrant
self-colored carnation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clove</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>clufe</i> an ear
of corn, a clove of garlic; cf. <i>cle&oacute;fan</i> to split,
E. <i>cleave</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of
the small bulbs developed in the axils of the scales of a large
bulb, as in the case of garlic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Developing, in the axils of its skales, new bulbs,
of what gardeners call <i>cloves</i>.<BR>
<i>Lindley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 269 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weight. A <i>clove</i> of cheese is
about eight pounds, of wool, about seven pounds.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clo"ven</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>from
<u>Cleave</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>To show the cloven foot</b></col> or
<col><b>hoof</b></col>, <cd>to reveal a devilish character, or
betray an evil purpose, notwithstanding disguises, -- Satan being
represented dramatically and symbolically as having cloven
hoofs.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Clo"ven-foot`ed</hw> (?), <hw>Clo"ven-hoofed`</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the foot or hoof divided into
two parts, as the ox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clo"ver</hw> (kl&omacr;"v&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>claver</i>, <i>clover</i>, AS. <i>cl&aemacr;fre</i>; akin
to LG. &amp; Dan. <i>klever</i>, D. <i>klaver</i>, G. <i>klee</i>,
Sw. <i>kl&ouml;fver</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of different
species of the genus <i>Trifolium</i>; as the common red clover,
<i>T. pratense</i>, the white, <i>T. repens</i>, and the hare's
foot, <i>T. arvense</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clover weevil</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>a
small weevil (<i>Apion apricans</i>), that destroys the seeds of
clover.</cd> -- <col><b>Clover worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of a small moth (<i>Asopia
costalis</i>), often very destructive to clover hay.</cd> --
<col><b>In clover</b></col>, in very pleasant circumstances;
fortunate. [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Sweet clover</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Meliot</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clo"vered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
growing clover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flocks thick nibbling through the <i>clovered</i>
vale.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clowe"-gi*lof`re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d
<u>Clove</u>, and <u>Gillyflower</u>.] <def>Spice clove.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clown</hw> (kloun), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>klunni</i> a clumsy, boorish fellow, North Fries.
<i>kl&ouml;nne</i> clown, dial. Sw. <i>klunn</i> log, Dan.
<i>klunt</i> log, block, and E. <i>clump</i>, n.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man of coarse nature and manners; an
awkward fellow; an ill-bred person; a boor.</def>  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who works upon the soil; a rustic;
a churl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>clown</i>, the child of nature, without
guile.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The fool or buffoon in a play, circus,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>clown</i> shall make those laugh whose
lungs are tickle o'the sere.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clown</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act as a
clown; -- with <i>it</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Beshrew me, he <i>clowns</i> it properly
indeed.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clown"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Behavior or
manners of a clown; clownery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clown"er*y</hw> (-&etilde;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Clownishness.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clown"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or resembling
a clown, or characteristic of a clown; ungainly; awkward.</def>
"<i>Clownish</i> hands." <i>Spenser.</i> "<i>Clownish</i> mimic."
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Clown"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Coarse; rough; clumsy; awkward; ungainly; rude;
uncivil; ill-bred; boorish; rustic; untutored.</p>

<p><hw>Clown"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The manners
of a clown; coarseness or rudeness of behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That plainness which the alamode people call
<i>clownishness</i>.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cloy</hw> (kloi), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cloyed</u> (kloid); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cloying</u>.] [OE. <i>cloer</i> to nail up, F.
<i>clouer</i>, fr. OF. <i>clo</i> nail, F. <i>clou</i>, fr. L.
<i>clavus</i> nail. Cf. 3d <u>Clove</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To fill or choke up; to stop up; to clog.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The duke's purpose was to have <i>cloyed</i> the
harbor by sinking ships, laden with stones.<BR>
<i>Speed.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To glut, or satisfy, as the appetite;
to satiate; to fill to loathing; to surfeit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Who can] <i>cloy</i> the hungry edge of
appetite<BR>
By bare imagination of a feast?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He sometimes <i>cloys</i> his readers instead of
satisfying.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To penetrate or pierce; to
wound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which, with his cruel tusk, him deadly
<i>cloyed</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He never shod horse but he <i>cloyed</i> him.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To spike, as a cannon.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To stroke with a claw.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cloy"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That does not
cloy.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cloy"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Satiety.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Club</hw> (kl&ubreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>klubba</i>, <i>klumba</i>, club, <i>klumbuf&omacr;ir</i> a
clubfoot, SW. <i>klubba</i> club, Dan. <i>klump</i> lump,
<i>klub</i> a club, G. <i>klumpen</i> clump, <i>kolben</i> club,
and E. <i>clump</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A heavy staff of
wood, usually tapering, and wielded with the hand; a weapon; a
cudgel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But make you ready your stiff bats and
<i>clubs</i>;<BR>
Rome and her rats are at the point of battle.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. the Spanish name <i>bastos,</i> and
Sp. <i>baston</i> staff, club.] <def>Any card of the suit of
cards having a figure like the trefoil or clover leaf.
(<i>pl.</i>) The suit of cards having such figure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An association of persons for the
promotion of some common object, as literature, science,
politics, good fellowship, etc.; esp. an association supported by
equal assessments or contributions of the members.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They talked<BR>
At wine, in <i>clubs</i>, of art, of politics.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Goldsmith] was one of the nine original
members of that celebrated fraternity which has sometimes been
called the Literary <i>Club</i>, but which has always disclaimed
that epithet, and still glories in the simple name of the
<i>Club</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A joint charge of expense, or any
person's share of it; a contribution to a common fund.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They laid down the <i>club</i>.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We dined at a French house, but paid ten shillings
for our part of the <i>club</i>.<BR>
<i>Pepys.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Club law</b></col>, <cd>government by violence; lynch
law; anarchy.</cd>  <i>Addison. -</i></p>

<p><col><b>Club moss</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an evergreen
mosslike plant, much used in winter decoration. The best know
species is <i>Lycopodium clavatum</i>, but other <i>Lycopodia</i>
are often called by this name. The spores form a highly
inflammable powder.</cd> -- <col><b>Club root</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a disease of cabbages, by which the roots
become distorted and the heads spoiled.</cd> -- <col><b>Club
topsail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a kind of gaff topsail,
used mostly by yachts having a fore-and-aft rig. It has a short
"club" or "jack yard" to increase its spread.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Club</hw> (kl&ubreve;b), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Clubbed</u> (kl&ubreve;bd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Clubbing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat with a club.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To throw, or allow to
fall, into confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>club</i> a battalion implies a temporary
inability in the commanding officer to restore any given body of
men to their natural front in line or column.<BR>
<i>Farrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unite, or contribute, for the
accomplishment of a common end; as, to <i>club</i>
exertions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To raise, or defray, by a proportional
assesment; as, to <i>club</i> the expense.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To club a musket</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to turn
the breach uppermost, so as to use it as a club.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Club</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To form a club; to combine for the promotion of some common
object; to unite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till grosser atoms, tumbling in the stream<BR>
Of fancy, madly met, and <i>clubbed</i> into a dream.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pay on equal or proportionate share
of a common charge or expense; to pay for something by
contribution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The owl, the raven, and the bat,<BR>
<i>Clubbed</i> for a feather to his hat.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To drift in a current
with an anchor out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Club"ba*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable
for membership in a club; sociable.</def> [Humorous.]  <i>G. W.
Curtis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clubbed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like a
club; grasped like, or used as, a club.</def>
<i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Club"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who clubs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of a club.</def> [R.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Club"bish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rude; clownish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to club together; as, a
<i>clubbish</i> set.</def></p>

<p><hw>Club"bist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of
a club; a frequenter of clubs.</def> [R.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Club"fist`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large, heavy fist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coarse, brutal fellow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Club"fist`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
large fist.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Club"foot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Club</i> +
<i>foot</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A short, variously distorted
foot; also, the deformity, usually congenital, which such a foot
exhibits; talipes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Club"foot`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
clubfoot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Club"hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A short, distorted hand; also, the deformity of having such
a hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Club"haul`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To put on the other tack by dropping the lee
anchor as soon as the wind is out of the sails (which brings the
vessel's head to the wind), and by cutting the cable as soon as
she pays off on the other tack. Clubhauling is attempted only in
an exigency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Club"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house
occupied by a club.</def></p>

<p><hw>Club"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
apartment in which a club meets.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Club"-rush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A rushlike plant, the reed mace or cat-tail, or some species
of the genus <i>Scirpus</i>. See <u>Bulrush</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Club"-shaped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enlarged
gradually at the end, as the antenn&aelig; of certain
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cluck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clucked</u> (?); <pos><i>p pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Clucking</u>.] [AS. <i>cloccian</i>; cf. D. <i>klokken</i>, G.
<i>glucken</i>, <i>glucksen</i>, LG. <i>klukken</i>, Dan.
<i>klukke</i>; all prob. of imitative origin.] <def>To make the
noise, or utter the call, of a brooding hen.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cluck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To call together,
or call to follow, as a hen does her chickens.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She, poor hen, fond of no second brood,<BR>
Has <i>clucked</i> three to the wars.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cluck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The call of a hen to her chickens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A click. See 3d <u>Click</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cluck"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The noise or
call of a brooding hen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clue</hw> (kl&umacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Clew</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A ball of thread; a
thread or other means of guidance. Same as <u>Clew</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have wound a goodly <i>clue</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>clue</i> once found unravels all the
rest.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Serve as <i>clues</i> to guide us into further
knowledge.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clum</hw> (kl&ubreve;m), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos>
<def>Silence; hush.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clum"ber</hw> (kl&ubreve;m"b&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from the estate of the Duke of
Newcastle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of field spaniel,
with short legs and stout body, which, unlike other spaniels,
hunts silently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clump</hw> (kl&ubreve;mp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>klomp</i> lump, G. <i>klump</i>, <i>klumpen</i>, Dan.
<i>klump</i>, Sw. <i>klump</i>; perh. akin to L. <i>globus</i>,
E. <i>globe</i>. Cf. <u>Club</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
unshaped piece or mass of wood or other substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cluster; a group; a
thicket.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>clump</i> of shrubby trees.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The compressed clay of coal
strata.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clump</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To arrange in a
clump or clumps; to cluster; to group.</def>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To tread
clumsily; to clamp.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clump"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>kl&uuml;mpern</i> to clod. See <u>Clump</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To form into clumps or masses.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Vapors . . . <i>clumpered</i> in balls of
clouds.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clumps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game in which
questions are asked for the purpose of enabling the questioners
to discover a word or thing previously selected by two persons
who answer the questions; -- so called because the players take
sides in two "clumps" or groups, the "clump" which guesses the
word winning the game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clump"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Clump</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Composed of clumps; massive;
shapeless.</def>  <i>Leigh Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clum"si*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
clumsy manner; awkwardly; as, to walk <i>clumsily</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clum"si*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being clumsy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The drudging part of life is chiefly owing to
<i>clumsiness</i> and ignorance.<BR>
<i>Collier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clum"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Clumsier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Clumsiest</u>.] [OE. <i>clumsed</i>
benumbed, fr. <i>clumsen</i> to be benumbed; cf. Icel.
<i>klumsa</i> lockjaw, dial. Sw. <i>klummsen</i> benumbed with
cold. Cf. 1st <u>Clam</u>, and 1st <u>Clamp</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Stiff or benumbed, as with cold.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without skill or grace; wanting
dexterity, nimbleness, or readiness; stiff; awkward, as if
benumbed; unwieldy; unhandy; hence; ill-made, misshapen, or
inappropriate; as, a <i>clumsy</i> person; a <i>clumsy</i>
workman; <i>clumsy</i> fingers; a <i>clumsy</i> gesture; a
<i>clumsy</i> excuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But thou in <i>clumsy</i> verse, unlicked,
unpointed,<BR>
Hast shamefully defied the Lord's anointed.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Awkward</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Clunch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. fr.
<i>clinch</i> to make fast] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Indurated clay. See <u>Bind</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the hard beds of the lower
chalk.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Cling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clung</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prop. p. p. fr. OE.
<i>clingen</i> to wither. See <u>Cling</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>Wasted away; shrunken.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Clu"ni*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A monk of the reformed branch of the Benedictine
Order, founded in 912 at Cluny (or Clugny) in France. -- Also
used as <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Clu`ni*a*cen"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cluniac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clu"pe*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clupea</i> a kind of fish, NL., generic name of the herring +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Herring family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clus"ter</hw> (kl&ubreve;s"t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cluster</i>, <i>clyster</i>; cf. LG.
<i>kluster</i> (also Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>klase</i> a cluster of grapes,
D. <i>klissen</i> to be entangled?.)] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
number of things of the same kind growing together; a
bunch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her deeds were like great <i>clusters</i> of ripe
grapes,<BR>
Which load the bunches of the fruitful vine.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A number of similar things collected
together or lying contiguous; a group; as, a <i>cluster</i> of
islands.</def> "<i>Cluster</i> of provinces."  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A number of individuals grouped
together or collected in one place; a crowd; a mob.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As bees . . . <BR>
Pour forth their populous youth about the hive<BR>
In <i>clusters</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We loved him; but, like beasts<BR>
And cowardly nobles, gave way unto your <i>clusters</i>,<BR>
Who did hoot him out o' the city.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clus"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clustered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Clustering</u>.] <def>To grow in clusters or
assemble in groups; to gather or unite in a cluster or
clusters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His sunny hair<BR>
<i>Cluster'd</i> about his temples, like a god's.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The princes of the country <i>clustering</i>
together.<BR>
<i>Foxe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clus"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To collect
into a cluster or clusters; to gather into a bunch or close
body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not less the bee would range her cells, . . . <BR>
The foxglove <i>cluster</i> dappled bells.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Or from the forest falls the <i>clustered</i>
snow.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Clustered column</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a
column which is composed, or appears to be composed, of several
columns collected together.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clus"ter*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
clusters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clus"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cluster</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Growing in, or full
of, clusters; like clusters.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clutch</hw> (kl&ubreve;ch; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cloche</i>, <i>cloke</i>, claw, Scot. <i>clook</i>,
<i>cleuck</i>, also OE. <i>cleche</i> claw, <i>clechen</i>,
<i>cleken</i>, to seize; cf. AS. <i>gel&aelig;ccan</i> (where
<i>ge-</i> is a prefix) to seize. Cf. <u>Latch</u> a catch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gripe or clinching with, or as with,
the fingers or claws; seizure; grasp.</def> "The <i>clutch</i> of
poverty."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An expiring <i>clutch</i> at popularity.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>But Age, with his stealing steps,<BR>
Hath clawed me in his <i>clutch</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The hands, claws, or
talons, in the act of grasping firmly; -- often figuratively, for
power, rapacity, or cruelty; as, to fall into the <i>clutches</i>
of an adversary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must have . . . little care of myself, if I ever
more come near the <i>clutches</i> of such a giant.<BR>
<i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A device which is used
for coupling shafting, etc., so as to transmit motion, and which
may be disengaged at pleasure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any device for gripping an object, as
at the end of a chain or tackle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The nest
complement of eggs of a bird.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bayonet clutch</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a clutch
in which connection is made by means of bayonets attached to arms
sliding on a feathered shaft. The bayonets slide through holes in
a crosshead fastened on the shaft.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Clutch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clutched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Clutching</u>.] [OE. <i>clucchen</i>. See
<u>Clutch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
seize, clasp, or gripe with the hand, hands, or claws; -- often
figuratively; as, to <i>clutch</i> power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man may set the poles together in his head, and
<i>clutch</i> the whole globe at one intellectual grasp.<BR>
<i>Collier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Is this a dagger which I see before me . . . ?<BR>
Come, let me <i>clutch</i> thee.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To close tightly; to clinch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not that I have the power to <i>clutch</i> my
hand.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clutch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To reach (at
something) as if to grasp; to catch or snatch; -- often followed
by <i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Clutching</i> at the phantoms of the stock
market.<BR>
<i>Bankroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W.
<i>cludair</i> heap, pile, <i>cludeirio</i> to heap.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A confused collection; hence, confusion;
disorder; as, the room is in a <i>clutter</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He saw what a <i>clutter</i> there was with huge,
overgrown pots, pans, and spits.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Clatter; confused noise.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cluttered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cluttering</u>.] <def>To crowd together in
disorder; to fill or cover with things in disorder; to throw into
disorder; to disarrange; as, to <i>clutter</i> a room.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
confused noise; to bustle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [the goose] <i>cluttered</i> here, it chuckled
there.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Clut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Clod</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To clot or coagulate, as blood.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clyp`e*as"troid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Clypeaster</i> (L. <i>clupeus</i> shield + <i>aster</i> star)
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or related to the
genus <i>Clupeaster</i>; -- applied to a group of flattened sea
urchins, with a rosette of pores on the upper side.</def></p>

<p><! p. 270 !></p>

<p><hw>Clyp"e*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clupeatus</i>, p. p. of <i>clupeare</i> to arm with a shield,
fr. <i>clupeus</i>, <i>clipeus</i> shield.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Shaped like a round buckler or shield;
scutate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Furnished with a
shield, or a protective plate or shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clyp"e*i*form`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>clupeus</i> shield + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Shield-shaped;
clypeate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Clyp"e*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Clypei</b></plw> (#). [L., a shield.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The frontal plate of the head of an insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clys"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a place
washed by the waves, fr. &?;. See <u>Clyster</u>.] <def>Connected
with, or related to, the deluge, or to a cataclysm; as,
<i>clysmian</i> changes.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clys"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Washing;
cleansing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clys"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. G. &?;.
fr. &?; to wash off or out; akin to Goth. <i>hl&umacr;trs</i>
pure, G. <i>lauter</i>: cf. F. <i>clyst&egrave;re</i>]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A liquid injected into the lower intestines by
means of a syringe; an injection; an enema.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clyster pipe</b></col>, <cd>a tube or pipe used for
injections.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cne"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
tibia.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the shin
bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cnemial crest</b></col>, <cd>a crestlike prominence on
the proximal end of the tibia of birds and some
reptiles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Cni"da</hw> (n&imacr;"d&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cnid&aelig;</b></plw> (n&imacr;"d&emacr;).
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>kni`dh</grk> nettle, sea nettle.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the peculiar stinging cells found
in C&oelig;lenterata; a nematocyst; a lasso cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cni*da"ri*a</hw> (n&ibreve;*d&amacr;"r&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Cnida</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A comprehensive group equivalent to the
true C&oelig;lenterata, <i>i. e.</i>, exclusive of the sponges.
They are so named from presence of stinging cells (<i>cnidae</i>)
in the tissues. See <u>Coelenterata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cni"do*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cnida</i>
+ <i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the cells
which, in the C&oelig;lenterata, develop into
cnid&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cni"do*cil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cnida</i> +
<i>cilium</i> eyelash.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fine
filiform process of a cnidoblast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co-</hw> (k&osl;-). <def>A form of the prefix <i>com-</i>,
signifying <i>with</i>, <i>together</i>, <i>in conjunction</i>,
<i>joint</i>. It is used before vowels and some consonants. See
<u>Com-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`a*cer"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coacervatus</i>, p. p. of <i>coacervare</i> to heap up; <i>co-
</i> + <i>acervare</i>. See <u>Acervate</u>.] <def>Raised into a
pile; collected into a crowd; heaped.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`a*cer"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
heap up; to pile.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Co*ac`er*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coacervatio</i>.] <def>A heaping together.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coach</hw> (k&omacr;ch; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>coche</i>, fr. It. <i>cocchio</i>, dim. of <i>cocca</i> little
boat, fr. L. <i>concha</i> mussel, mussel shell, Gr. &?;, akin to
Skr. <i>&ccedil;ankha</i>. Cf. <u>Conch</u>, <u>Cockboat</u>,
<u>Cockle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large, closed, four-
wheeled carriage, having doors in the sides, and generally a
front and back seat inside, each for two persons, and an elevated
outside seat in front for the driver.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Coaches</i> have a variety of forms, and differ in
respect to the number of persons they can carry. <i>Mail
coaches</i> and <i>tallyho coaches</i> often have three or more
seats inside, each for two or three persons, and seats outside,
sometimes for twelve or more.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A special tutor who assists in
preparing a student for examination; a trainer; esp. one who
trains a boat's crew for a race.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wareham was studying for India with a Wancester
<i>coach</i>.<BR>
<i>G. Eliot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A cabin on the after
part of the quarter-deck, usually occupied by the captain.</def>
[Written also <i>couch</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The commanders came on board and the council sat
in the <i>coach</i>.<BR>
<i>Pepys.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A first-class
passenger car, as distinguished from a drawing-room car, sleeping
car, etc. It is sometimes loosely applied to any passenger
car.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coach</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Coached</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coaching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convey
in a coach.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prepare for public examination by
private instruction; to train by special instruction.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>coached</i> him before he got his
scholarship.<BR>
<i>G. Eliot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coach</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drive or to
ride in a coach; -- sometimes used with</def> <i>it</i>.
[Colloq.] "<i>Coaching</i> it to all quarters."  <i>E.
Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coach"box`</hw> (?). <def>The seat of a
coachman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coach"dog`</hw> (?; 115). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
a breed of dogs trained to accompany carriages; the Dalmatian
dog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coach"ee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
coachman</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Coach"fel`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a
pair of horses employed to draw a coach; hence (Fig.), a
comrade.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coach"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Coachmen</b></plw> (#). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man
whose business is to drive a coach or carriage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tropical fish of
the Atlantic ocean (<i>Dutes auriga</i>); -- called also
<i>charioteer</i>. The name refers to a long, lashlike spine of
the dorsal fin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coach"man*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Skill
in driving a coach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coach"whip` snake"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large, slender, harmless snake of the southern United States
(<i>Masticophis flagelliformis</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; Its long and tapering tail has the scales so arranged
and colored as to give it a braided appearance, whence the
name.</p>

<p><hw>Co*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coactare</i>, intens. fr. <i>cogere</i>, <i>coactum</i>, to
force. See <u>Cogent</u>.] <def>To force; to compel; to
drive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The faith and service of Christ ought to be
voluntary and not <i>coacted</i>.<BR>
<i>Foxe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*act"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>co-</i> +
<i>act</i>, v. i.] <def>To act together; to work in concert; to
unite.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But if I tell you how these two did
<i>coact</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*ac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coactio</i>.] <def>Force; compulsion, either in restraining or
impelling.</def>  <i>Sojth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [In sense 1, fr.
1st <u>Coact</u>; in sense 2, fr. 2d <u>Coact</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving to compel or constrain;
compulsory; restrictive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any <i>coactive</i> power or the civil kind.<BR>
<i>Bp. Warburton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acting in concurrence; united in
action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With what's unreal thou <i>coactive</i> art.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*ac"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
coactive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`ac*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unity
of action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ad`ap*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mutual adaption.</def>  <i>R. Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`a*dapt"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted
one to another; as, <i>coadapted</i> pulp and tooth.</def>  <i>R.
Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ad"ju*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mutual
help; co&ouml;peration.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`ad*just"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
adjust by mutual adaptations.</def>  <i>R. Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`ad*just"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mutual
adjustment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ad"ju*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mutually
assisting or operating; helping.</def>  <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ad"ju*tant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
assistant.</def>  <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ad"ju*ting</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mutually
assisting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ad"ju*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Rendering mutual aid; coadjutant.</def>  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`ad*ju"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Co</u>-, and <u>Aid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who aids
another; an assistant; a coworker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Craftily outwitting her perjured
<i>coadjutor</i>.<BR>
<i>Sheridan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The assistant of a
bishop or of a priest holding a benefice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`ad*ju"tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or office of a coadjutor; joint assistance.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Co`ad*ju"tress</hw> (?), <hw>Co`ad*ju"trix</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female coadjutor or assistant.</def>
<i>Holland. Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ad"ju*van*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Joint
help; co&ouml;peration.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ad"ju*vant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Co&ouml;perating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ad"ju*vant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An adjuvant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ad"u*nate</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coadunatus</i>, p. p. of <i>coadunare</i> to unite. See
<u>Adunation</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>United at the base, as
contiguous lobes of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ad`u*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coadunatio</i>.] <def>Union, as in one body or mass;
unity.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>coadunation</i> of all the civilized
provinces.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*ad`u*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>co-</i> + pref. <i>ad-</i> + <i>unition</i>.]
<def>Coadunation.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`ad*ven"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
adventure in which two or more persons are partakers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`ad*ven"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To share
in a venture.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`ad*ven"tur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
fellow adventurer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`af*for"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
convert into, or add to, a forest.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Coak</u>,
a kind of tenon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*a"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Agency in
common; joint agency or agent.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*a"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An associate
in an act; a coworker.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`ag*ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coagmentare</i>, fr. <i>coagmentum</i> a joining together, fr.
<i>cogere</i>. See <u>Cogent</u>.] <def>To join together.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ag`men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coagmentatio</i>.] <def>The act of joining, or the state of
being joined, together; union.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ag`u*la*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being coagulable; capacity of being
coagulated.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ag"u*la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being coagulated.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ag"u*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coagulans</i>, p. pr.] <def>That which produces
coagulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ag"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coagulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>coagulare</i> to coagulate, fr.
<i>coagulum</i> means of coagulation, fr. <i>cogere</i>,
<i>coactum</i>, to drive together, coagulate. See <u>Cogent</u>.]
<def>Coagulated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ag"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Coagulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Coagulating</u> (?).] <def>To cause (a
liquid) to change into a curdlike or semisolid state, not by
evaporation but by some kind of chemical reaction; to curdle; as,
rennet <i>coagulates</i> milk; heat <i>coagulates</i> the white
of an egg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ag"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To undergo
coagulation.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To thicken; concrete; curdle; clot;
congeal.</p>

<p><hw>Co*ag"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Changed
into, or contained in, a coagulum or a curdlike mass;
curdled.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coagulated proteid</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>,
<cd>one of a class of bodies formed in the coagulation of a
albuminous substance by heat, acids, or other agents.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Co*ag`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coagulatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The change from a
liquid to a thickened, curdlike, insoluble state, not by
evaporation, but by some kind of chemical reaction; as, the
spontaneous <i>coagulation</i> of freshly drawn blood; the
<i>coagulation</i> of milk by rennet, or acid, and the
<i>coagulation</i> of egg albumin by heat.  Coagulation is
generally the change of an albuminous body into an insoluble
modification.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The substance or body formed by
coagulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ag"u*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the power to cause coagulation; as, a <i>coagulative</i>
agent.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ag"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which causes coagulation.</def>  <i>Hixley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ag"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Serving to coagulate; produced by coagulation; as,
<i>coagulatory</i> effects.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ag"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Coagula</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Coagulate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The thick, curdy precipitate formed by
the coagulation of albuminous matter; any mass of coagulated
matter, as a clot of blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*ai"ta</hw> (k&osl;*&auml;&ibreve;"t&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The native name of
certain South American monkeys of the genus <i>Ateles</i>, esp.
<i>A. paniscus</i>. The black-faced coaita is <i>Ateles ater</i>.
See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coak</hw> (k&omacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Coke</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Coak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A kind of tenon connecting the face of a
scarfed timber with the face of another timber, or a dowel or pin
of hard wood or iron uniting timbers.</def> [Also spelt
<i>coag</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A metallic bushing or strengthening
piece in the center of a wooden block sheave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coak</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>To
unite, as timbers, by means of tenons or dowels in the edges or
faces.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>col</i>; akin
to D. <i>kool</i>, OHG. <i>chol</i>, <i>cholo</i>, G.
<i>kohle</i>, Icel. <i>kol</i>, pl., Sw. <i>kol</i>, Dan.
<i>kul</i>; cf. Skr. <i>jval</i> to burn. Cf. <u>Kiln</u>,
<u>Collier</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thoroughly charred,
and extinguished or still ignited, fragment from wood or other
combustible substance; charcoal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A black, or brownish
black, solid, combustible substance, dug from beds or veins in
the earth to be used for fuel, and consisting, like charcoal,
mainly of carbon, but more compact, and often affording, when
heated, a large amount of volatile matter.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is often used adjectively, or as the first
part of self-explaining compounds; as, <i>coal</i>-black;
<i>coal</i> formation; <i>coal</i> scuttle; <i>coal</i> ship.
etc.</p>

<p>&fist; In England the plural <i>coals</i> is used, for the
broken mineral coal burned in grates, etc.; as, to put
<i>coals</i> on the fire. In the United States the singular in a
collective sense is the customary usage; as, a hod of
<i>coal</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Age of coal plants</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Age of
Acrogens</i>, under <u>Acrogen</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Anthracite</b></col> <i>or</i> <col><b>Glance
coal</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Anthracite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bituminous coal</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bituminous</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blind coal</b></col>.  <cd>See
under <u>Blind</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Brown coal</b></col>, or
<col><b>Lignite</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Lignite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Caking coal</b></col>, <cd>a bituminous coal, which
softens and becomes pasty or semi-viscid when heated. On
increasing the heat, the volatile products are driven off, and a
coherent, grayish black, cellular mass of coke is left.</cd> --
<col><b>Cannel coal</b></col>, <cd>a very compact bituminous
coal, of fine texture and dull luster. See <u>Cannel
coal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Coal bed</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>,
<cd>a layer or stratum of mineral coal.</cd> -- <col><b>Coal
breaker</b></col>, <cd>a structure including machines and
machinery adapted for crushing, cleansing, and assorting
coal.</cd> -- <col><b>Coal field</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a
region in which deposits of coal occur. Such regions have often a
basinlike structure, and are hence called <i>coal basins</i>. See
<u>Basin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Coal gas</b></col>, <cd>a variety
of carbureted hydrogen, procured from bituminous coal, used in
lighting streets, houses, etc., and for cooking and heating.</cd>
-- <col><b>Coal heaver</b></col>, <cd>a man employed in carrying
coal, and esp. in putting it in, and discharging it from,
ships.</cd> -- <col><b>Coal measures</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Strata of coal with the attendant
rocks.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A subdivision of the
carboniferous formation, between the millstone grit below and the
Permian formation above, and including nearly all the workable
coal beds of the world.</cd> -- <col><b>Coal oil</b></col>, <cd>a
general name for mineral oils; petroleum.</cd> -- <col><b>Coal
plant</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>one of the remains or
impressions of plants found in the strata of the coal
formation.</cd> -- <col><b>Coal tar</b></col>. <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>To haul over the coals</b></col>,
<cd>to call to account; to scold or censure.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>Wood coal</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Lignite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Coal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Coaled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Coaling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To burn to charcoal; to
char.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Charcoal of roots, <i>coaled</i> into great
pieces.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark or delineate with
charcoal.</def>  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To supply with coal; as, to
<i>coal</i> a steamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take in coal;
as, the steamer <i>coaled</i> at Southampton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coal"-black`</hw> (-bl&abreve;k`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>As black as coal; jet black; very black.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coal"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Colliery</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`a*lesce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Coalesced</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Coalescing</u>.] [L. <i>coalescere</i>,
<i>coalitium</i>; <i>co-</i> + <i>alescere</i> to grow up, incho.
fr. <i>alere</i> to nourish. See <u>Aliment</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grow together;
to unite by growth into one body; as, the parts separated by a
wound <i>coalesce</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite in one body or product; to
combine into one body or community; as, vapors
<i>coalesce</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Jews were incapable of <i>coalescing</i> with
other nations.<BR>
<i>Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Certain combinations of ideas that, once
<i>coalescing</i>, could not be shaken loose.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Add</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Co`a*les"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or state of growing together, as similar parts; the act of
uniting by natural affinity or attraction; the state of being
united; union; concretion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`a*les"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coalescens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Growing together; cohering, as in
the organic cohesion of similar parts; uniting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coal"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from the
dark color of the back.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The pollock; -- called also, <i>coalsey</i>, <i>colemie</i>,
<i>colmey</i>, <i>coal whiting</i>, etc. See
<u>Pollock</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The beshow or
candlefish of Alaska.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
cobia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coal"goose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cormorant; -- so called from its
black color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"a*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coalitus</i>, p. p. of <i>coalescere</i>. See
<u>Coalesce</u>.] <def>To unite or coalesce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let them continue to <i>coalite</i>.<BR>
<i>Bolingbroke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co"a*lite</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
unite or coalesce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Time has by degrees blended . . . and
<i>coalited</i> the conquered with the conquerors.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co`a*li"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>coalitio</i>: cf. F. <i>coalition</i>. See <u>Coalesce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of coalescing; union into a body
or mass, as of separate bodies or parts; as, a <i>coalition</i>
of atoms.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><! p. 271 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A combination, for temporary purposes,
of persons, parties, or states, having different
interests.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>coalition</i> of the puritan and the
blackleg.<BR>
<i>J. Randolph.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>coalition</i> between the religious and
worldly enemies of popery.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Alliance; confederation; confederacy; league;
combination; conjunction; conspiracy; union.</p>

<p><hw>Co`a*li"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
coalitionist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`a*li"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
joins or promotes a coalition; one who advocates
coalition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`-al*ly"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Co-allies</b></plw> (#). <def>A joint ally.</def>
<i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coal"-me`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
licensed or official coal measurer in London. See
<u>Meter</u>.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coal"mouse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small species of titmouse, with a
black head; the coletit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coal"pit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pit where coal is dug.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place where charcoal is made.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Coal" tar`</hw> (?). <def>A thick, black, tarry liquid,
obtained by the distillation of bituminous coal in the
manufacture of illuminating gas; used for making printer's ink,
black varnish, etc. It is a complex mixture from which many
substances have been obtained, especially hydrocarbons of the
benzene or aromatic series.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among its important ingredients are benzene, aniline,
phenol, naphtalene, anthracene, etc., which are respectively
typical of many dye stuffs, as the aniline dyes, the
phthale&iuml;ns, indigo, alizarin, and many flavoring extracts
whose artificial production is a matter of great commercial
importance.</p>

<p><hw>Coal"-whip`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
raises coal out of the hold of a ship.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coal" works</hw> (?). <def>A place where coal is dug,
including the machinery for raising the coal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coal"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Coal</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, coal;
containing coal; of the nature of coal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coam"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Comb</u> a crest.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Raised pieces of wood
of iron around a hatchway, skylight, or other opening in the
deck, to prevent water from running bellow; esp. the fore-and-aft
pieces of a hatchway frame as distinguished from the transverse
head ledges.</def> [Written also <i>combings</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Co`an*nex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To annex
with something else.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`ap*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coaptatio</i>, fr. <i>coaptare</i> to fit together; <i>co-</i>
+ <i>aptare</i>. See <u>Aptate</u>.] <def>The adaptation or
adjustment of parts to each other, as of a broken bone or
dislocated joint.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Co*arct"</hw> (?), <hw>Co*arc"tate</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Coarctate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To press together;
to crowd; to straiten; to confine closely.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To restrain; to confine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*arc"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coarctatus</i>, p. p. of <i>coarctare</i> to press together;
<i>co-</i> + <i>arctare</i> to press together, from
<i>arctus</i>, p. p. See <u>Arctation</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pressed together; closely connected; -- applied to insects
having the abdomen separated from the thorax only by a
constriction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coarctate pupa</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
pupa closely covered by the old larval skin, as in most
Diptera.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Co`arc*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coarctatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Confinement to a
narrow space.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pressure; that which presses.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A stricture or
narrowing, as of a canal, cavity, or orifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coarse</hw> (k&omacr;rs), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Coarser</u> (k&omacr;rs"&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Coarsest</u>.] [As this word was
anciently written <i>course</i>, or <i>cours</i>, it may be an
abbreviation of <i>of course</i>, in the common manner of
proceeding, common, and hence, homely, made for common domestic
use, plain, rude, rough, gross, <i>e. g.</i>, "Though the threads
be <i>course</i>." <i>Gascoigne.</i> See <u>Course</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Large in bulk, or composed of large
parts or particles; of inferior quality or appearance; not fine
in material or close in texture; gross; thick; rough; -- opposed
to <i>fine</i>; as, <i>coarse</i> sand; <i>coarse</i> thread;
<i>coarse</i> cloth; <i>coarse</i> bread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not refined; rough; rude; unpolished;
gross; indelicate; as, <i>coarse</i> manners; <i>coarse</i>
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I feel<BR>
Of what <i>coarse</i> metal ye are molded.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To copy, in my <i>coarse</i> English, his
beautiful expressions.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Large; thick; rough; gross; blunt; uncouth;
unpolished; inelegant; indelicate; vulgar.</p>

<p><hw>Coarse"-grained`</hw> (k&omacr;rs"gr&amacr;nd`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a coarse grain or texture, as
wood; hence, wanting in refinement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coarse"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a coarse
manner; roughly; rudely; inelegantly; uncivilly;
meanly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coars"en</hw> (k&omacr;rs"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make coarse or vulgar; as, to <i>coarsen</i> one's
character.</def> [R.]  <i>Graham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coarse"ness</hw> (k&omacr;rs"n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being coarse;
roughness; inelegance; vulgarity; grossness; as,
<i>coarseness</i> of food, texture, manners, or language.</def>
"The <i>coarseness</i> of the sackcloth."  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pardon the <i>coarseness</i> of the
illustration.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>coarseness</i> and vulgarity in all the
proceedings.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co`ar*tic`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The union or articulation of bones to form a
joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`-as*sess"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A joint
assessor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>coste</i>, F.
<i>c&ocirc;te</i>, rib, hill, shore, coast, L. <i>costa</i> rib,
side. Cf. <u>Accost</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Cutlet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The side of a thing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The exterior line, limit, or border of
a country; frontier border.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From the river, the river Euphrates, even to the
uttermost sea, shall your <i>coast</i> be.<BR>
<i>Deut. xi. 24.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The seashore, or land near
it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sees in English ships the Holland
<i>coast</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We the Arabian <i>coast</i> do know<BR>
At distance, when the species blow.<BR>
<i>Waller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>The coast is clear</b></col>, <cd>the danger is over;
no enemy in sight.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i> Fig.: <cd>There are no
obstacles.</cd> "Seeing that <i>the coast was clear</i>, Zelmane
dismissed Musidorus." <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i> -- <col><b>Coast
guard</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A body of men originally
employed along the coast to prevent smuggling; now, under the
control of the admiralty, drilled as a naval reserve.</cd> [Eng.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The force employed in life-saving
stations along the seacoast.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>Coast
rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South African mammal
(<i>Bathyergus suillus</i>), about the size of a rabbit,
remarkable for its extensive burrows; -- called also <i>sand
mole</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Coast waiter</b></col>, <cd>a
customhouse officer who superintends the landing or shipping of
goods for the coast trade.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Coast</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Coasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Coasting</u>.] [OE. <i>costien</i>, <i>costeien</i>,
<i>costen</i>, OF. <i>costier</i>, <i>costoier</i>, F.
<i>c&ocirc;toyer</i>, <i>fr</i>. <i>Of</i>. coste coast, F.
<i>c&ocirc;te</i>. See <u>Coast</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw or keep near; to approach.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Anon she hears them chant it lustily,<BR>
And all in haste she <i>coasteth</i> to the cry.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sail by or near the
shore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ancients <i>coasted</i> only in their
navigation.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sail from port to port in the same
country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Cf. OF. <i>coste</i>, F.
<i>c&ocirc;te</i>, hill, hillside.] <def>To slide down hill; to
slide on a sled, upon snow or ice.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Coast</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To draw near to; to approach; to keep near, or by the side
of.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sail by or near; to follow the
coast line of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nearchus, . . . not knowing the compass, was fain
to <i>coast</i> that shore.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To conduct along a coast or river
bank.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Indians . . . <i>coasted</i> me along the
river.<BR>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coast"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a coast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coast"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A vessel employed in sailing along a coast, or engaged in
the coasting trade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who sails near the
shore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coast"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sailing
along or near a coast, or running between ports along a
coast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coasting trade</b></col>, <cd>trade carried on by
water between neighboring ports of the same country, as
distinguished from foreign trade or trade involving long
voyages.</cd> -- <col><b>Coasting vessel</b></col>, <cd>a vessel
employed in coasting; a coaster.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Coast"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sailing along a coast, or from port to port; a carrying on
a coasting trade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sliding down hill; sliding on a sled
upon snow or ice.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Coast"wise`</hw> (-w&imacr;z`), <hw>Coast"ways`</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of, or along, the
coast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coat</hw> (k&omacr;t; 110), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>cote</i>, F. <i>cotte</i>, petticoat, <i>cotte d'armes</i>
coat of arms, <i>cotte de mailles</i> coat of mail, LL.
<i>cota</i>, <i>cotta</i>, tunic, prob. of German origin; cf.
OHG. <i>chozzo</i> coarse mantle, G. <i>klotze</i>, D.
<i>kot</i>, hut, E. <i>cot</i>. Cf. <u>Cot</u> a hut.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An outer garment fitting the upper part
of the body; especially, such a garment worn by men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let each<BR>
His adamantine <i>coat</i> gird well.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A petticoat.</def> [Obs.] "A child in
<i>coats</i>."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The habit or vesture of an order of
men, indicating the order or office; cloth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of his <i>coat</i> should be minding their
prayers.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>She was sought by spirits of richest
<i>coat</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An external covering like a garment,
as fur, skin, wool, husk, or bark; as, the horses <i>coats</i>
were sleek.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fruit of all kinds, in <i>coat</i><BR>
Rough or smooth rined, or bearded husk, or shell.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A layer of any substance covering
another; a cover; a tegument; as, the <i>coats</i> of the eye;
the <i>coats</i> of an onion; a <i>coat</i> of tar or
varnish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Same as <i>Coat of arms</i>. See
below.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hark, countrymen! either renew the fight,<BR>
Or tear the lions out of England's <i>coat</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A coat card. See below.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here's a trick of discarded cards of us! We were
ranked with <i>coats</i> as long as old master lived.<BR>
<i>Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Coat armor</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Armor</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Coat of arms</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>a
translation of the French <i>cotte d'armes</i>, a garment of
light material worn over the armor in the 15th and 16th
centuries. This was often charged with the heraldic bearings of
the wearer. Hence, an heraldic achievement; the bearings of any
person, taken together.</cd> -- <col><b>Coat card</b></col>,
<cd>a card bearing a coated figure; the king, queen, or knave of
playing cards.</cd> "&lsquo;I am a <i>coat card</i> indeed.'
&lsquo;Then thou must needs be a knave, for thou art neither king
nor queen.'" <i>Rowley.</i> -- <col><b>Coat link</b></col>, <cd>a
pair of buttons or studs joined by a link, to hold together the
lappels of a double-breasted coat; or a button with a loop for a
single-breasted coat.</cd> -- <col><b>Coat of mail</b></col>,
<cd>a defensive garment of chain mail.</cd>  See <i>Chain
mail</i>, under <u>Chain</u>. -- <col><b>Mast coat</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a piece of canvas nailed around a mast, where
it passes through the deck, to prevent water from getting
below.</cd> -- <col><b>Sail coat</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
canvas cover laced over furled sails, and the like, to keep them
dry and clean.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Coat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Coated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Coating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a coat or
outer garment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a layer of any
substance; as, to <i>coat</i> a jar with tin foil; to <i>coat</i>
a ceiling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coat*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coat with
short flaps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*a"ti</hw> (k&osl;*&auml;"t&esl; <i>or</i>
k&osl;*&amacr;"t&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name: cf. F. <i>coati</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mammal of
tropical America of the genus <i>Nasua</i>, allied to the
raccoon, but with a longer body, tail, and nose.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The red coati (<i>N. socialis</i>), called also
<i>coati mondi</i>, inhabits Mexico and Central America. The
brown coati (<i>N. narica</i>) is found in Surinam and
Brazil.</p>

<p><hw>Coat"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A coat or covering; a layer of any substance, as a cover or
protection; as, the <i>coating</i> of a retort or vial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cloth for coats; as, an assortment of
<i>coatings</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coat"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not wearing
a coat; also, not possessing a coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coax</hw> (?; 110), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Coaxed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coaxing</u>.] [Cf. OE. <i>cokes</i> fool, a
person easily imposed upon, W. <i>coeg</i> empty, foolish; F.
<i>coquin</i> knave, rogue.] <def>To persuade by gentle,
insinuating courtesy, flattering, or fondling; to wheedle; to
soothe.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To wheedle; cajole; flatter; persuade;
entice.</p>

<p><hw>Coax</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A simpleton; a
dupe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`ax*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
noise of frogs.] <def>The act of croaking.</def> [R]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coax"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
coaxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coax"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a coaxing
manner; by coaxing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cob</hw> (k&obreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>cop</i>, <i>copp</i>, head, top, D. <i>kop</i>, G.
<i>kopf</i>, <i>kuppe</i>, LL. <i>cuppa</i> cup (cf. E.
<i>brainpan</i>), and also W. <i>cob</i> tuft, spider,
<i>cop</i>, <i>copa</i>, top, summit, <i>cobio</i> to thump. Cf.
<u>Cop</u> top, <u>Cup</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The top or head of anything.</def> [Obs.]
<i>W. Gifford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A leader or chief; a conspicuous
person, esp. a rich covetous person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All cobbing country chuffs, which make their
bellies and their bags their god, are called rich
<i>cobs</i>.<BR>
<i>Nash.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The axis on which the kernels of maize
or indian corn grow.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spider; perhaps
from its shape; it being round like a head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young
herring.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish; -- also
called <i>miller's thumb</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A short-legged and stout horse, esp.
one used for the saddle.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea mew or gull;
esp., the black-backed gull (<i>Larus marinus</i>).</def>
[Written also <i>cobb</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A lump or piece of anything, usually
of a somewhat large size, as of coal, or stone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A cobnut; as, Kentish <i>cobs</i>.
See <u>Cobnut</u>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Clay mixed with straw.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The poor cottager contenteth himself with
<i>cob</i> for his walls, and thatch for his covering.<BR>
<i>R. Carew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A punishment consisting of blows
inflicted on the buttocks with a strap or a flat piece of
wood.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>A Spanish coin formerly current in
Ireland, worth abiut 4s. 6d.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cob coal</b></col>, <cd>coal in rounded lumps from the
size of an egg to that of a football; -- called also
<i>cobbles</i>.</cd> <i>Grose.</i> -- <col><b>Cob loaf</b></col>,
<cd>a crusty, uneven loaf, rounded at top.</cd> <i>Wright.</i> --
<col><b>Cob money</b></col>, <cd>a kind of rudely coined gold and
silver money of Spanish South America in the eighteenth century.
The coins were of the weight of the piece of eight, or one of its
aliquot parts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cob</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cobbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cobbing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To break into small
pieces, as ore, so as to sort out its better portions.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To punish by striking
on the buttocks with a strap, a flat piece of wood, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*b&aelig;"a</hw> (k&osl;*b&emacr;"&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after D. <i>Cobo</i>, a Spanish
botanist.] <def>A genus of climbing plants, native of Mexico and
South America. <i>C. scandens</i> is a conservatory climber with
large bell-shaped flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"balt</hw> (k&omacr;"b&obreve;lt; 277, 74),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>kobalt</i>, prob. fr. <i>kobold</i>,
<i>kobel</i>, goblin, MHG. <i>kobolt</i>; perh. akin to G.
<i>koben</i> pigsty, hut, AS. <i>cofa</i> room, <i>cofgodas</i>
household gods, Icel. <i>kofi</i> hut. If so, the ending <i>-
old</i> stands for older <i>-walt</i>, <i>-wald</i>, being the
same as <i>-ald</i> in E. <i>herald</i> and the word would mean
<i>ruler</i> or <i>governor in a house</i>, <i>house spirit</i>,
the metal being so called by miners, because it was poisonous and
troublesome. Cf. <u>Kobold</u>, <u>Cove</u>, <u>Goblin</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A tough, lustrous, reddish
white metal of the iron group, not easily fusible, and somewhat
magnetic. Atomic weight 59.1. Symbol Co.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It occurs in nature in combination with arsenic,
sulphur, and oxygen, and is obtained from its ores, smaltite,
cobaltite, asbolite, etc. Its oxide colors glass or any flux, as
borax, a fine blue, and is used in the manufacture of smalt. It
is frequently associated with nickel, and both are characteristic
ingredients of meteoric iron.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A commercial name of a crude arsenic
used as fly poison.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cobalt bloom</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<u>Erythrite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cobalt blue</b></col>, <cd>a
dark blue pigment consisting of some salt of cobalt, as the
phosphate, ignited with alumina; -- called also <i>cobalt
ultramarine</i>, and <i>Thenard's blue</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cobalt crust</b></col>, <cd>earthy arseniate of
cobalt.</cd> -- <col><b>Cobalt glance</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Cobaltite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cobalt green</b></col>,
<cd>a pigment consisting essentially of the oxides of cobalt and
zinc; -- called also <i>Rinman's green</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cobalt yellow</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a yellow
crystalline powder, regarded as a double nitrite of cobalt and
potassium.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Co*balt"ic</hw> (?; 74), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cobaltique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived
from, or containing, cobalt; -- said especially of those
compounds in which cobalt has higher valence; as, <i>cobaltic</i>
oxide.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Luteo-cobaltic compounds</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>an extensive series of complex yellow compounds of ammonia
and cobaltic salts.</cd> -- <col><b>Roseo-cobaltic
compounds</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an extensive series of
complex red compounds of cobalt and ammonia. Modifications of
these are the <i>purpureo-cobaltic compounds</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Co`balt*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cobalt</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Containing
cobalt.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Co"balt*ine</hw> (?), <hw>Co"balt*ite</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a nearly
silver-white color, composed of arsenic, sulphur, and
cobalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*balt"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, cobalt; -- said
esp. of cobalt compounds in which the metal has its lower
valence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cobaltous chloride</b></col>, <cd>a crystalline
compound, CoCl<sub>2</sub>, of a pale rose color when hydrous,
blue when dehydrated. Its solution is used for a sympathetic ink,
the writing being nearly colorless when dried in the air, owing
to absorbed moisture, and becoming bright blue when
warmed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cob"bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Haughty;
purse-proud. See <u>Cob</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Withals (1608).</i></p>

<p><hw>Cob"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fishing
boat. See <u>Coble</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cob"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Cob</u> a
lump. See <u>Cob</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9, and cf.
<u>Copple</u>, <u>Copplestone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
cobblestone.</def> "Their slings held <i>cobbles</i> round."
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Cob coal. See under
<u>Cob</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 272 !></p>

<p><hw>Cob"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cobbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cobbling</u> (?).] [OF. <i>cobler</i>,
<i>copler</i>, to join or knit together, couple, F.
<i>coupler</i>, L. <i>copulare</i> to couple, join. Cf.
<u>Couple</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make or mend coarsely; to patch; to
botch; as, to <i>cobble</i> shoes.</def> <i>Shak.</i>  "A
<i>cobbled</i> saddle." <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make clumsily.</def>
"<i>Cobbled</i> rhymes."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pave with cobblestones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cob"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A mender of shoes.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A clumsy workman.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A beverage. See <i>Sherry cobbler</i>,
under <u>Sherry</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cobbler fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
marine fish (<i>Blepharis crinitus</i>) of the Atlantic. The name
alludes to its threadlike fin rays.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cob"ble*stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large
pebble; a rounded stone not too large to be handled; a small
boulder; -- used for paving streets and for other
purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cob"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Cob</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Headstrong;
obstinate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Brockett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stout; hearty; lively.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Co`bel*lig"er*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Carrying on war in conjunction with another power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`bel*lig"er*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nation
or state that carries on war in connection with
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An oceanic fish of large size (<i>Elacate canada</i>); the
crabeater; -- called also <i>bonito</i>, <i>cubbyyew</i>,
<i>coalfish</i>, and <i>sergeant fish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cob"i`ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Cob</u>
the top.] <def>An andiron with a knob at the top.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`bish"op</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A joint or
coadjutant bishop.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cuopel</i>;
cf. W. <i>ceubal</i> skiff, ferryboat.] <def>A flat-floored
fishing boat with a lug sail, and a drop rudder extending from
two to four feet below the keel. It was originally used on the
stormy coast of Yorkshire, England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cob"nut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Com.)</i> <def>A large roundish variety of the cultivated
hazelnut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A game played by children with
nuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*boose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caboose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"bourg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from the
town of <i>Coburg</i> in Germany.] <def>A thin worsted fabric for
women's dresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"bra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Copra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"bra</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The cobra de
capello.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co"bra de ca*pel"lo</hw> (?). [Pg., serpent of the
hood.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hooded snake (<i>Naia
tripudians</i>), a highly venomous serpent inhabiting
India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cob"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cobblestone.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Cob"swan`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large
swan.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cob"wall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cob</i> clay
mixed with straw + <i>wall</i>.] <def>A wall made of clay mixed
with straw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cob"web`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cob</i> a
spider + <i>web</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The network spread
by a spider to catch its prey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A snare of insidious meshes designed
to catch the ignorant and unwary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not but lament thy splendid wit<BR>
Entangled in the <i>cobwebs</i> of the schools.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is thin and unsubstantial,
or flimsy and worthless; rubbish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dust and <i>cobwebs</i> of that uncivil
age.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
spotted flycatcher.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cobweb lawn</b></col>, <cd>a fine linen, mentioned in
1640 as being in pieces of fifteen yards.</cd>  <i>Beck. Draper's
Dict.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a proud piece of <i>cobweb lawn</i>.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Cobweb micrometer</b></col>, <cd>a micrometer in
which threads of cobweb are substituted for wires.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cob"webbed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding
in cobwebs.</def> "The <i>cobwebbed</i> cottage."
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cob"web`by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding
in cobwebs, or any fine web; resembling a cobweb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cob"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Built of
logs, etc., laid horizontally, with the ends dovetailed together
at the corners, as in a log house; in marine work, often
surrounding a central space filled with stones; as, a
<i>cobwork</i> dock or breakwater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr. native
name.] <def>The dried leaf of a South American shrub
(<i>Erythroxylon Coca</i>). In med., called
<i>Erythroxylon</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Coca leaves resemble tea leaves in size, shape, and
odor, and are chewed (with an alkali) by natives of Peru and
Bolivia to impart vigor in prolonged exertion, or to sustain
strength in absence of food.</p>

<p><col><b>Mexican coca</b></col>, <cd>an American herb
(<i>Richardsonia scabra</i>), yielding a nutritious fodder. Its
roots are used as a substitute for ipecacuanha.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Coc*agne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cocagne</i>, <i>pays de cocagne</i>; of uncertian origin, cf.
Prov. F. <i>couque</i> cake, Catal. <i>coca</i>, L.
<i>coquere</i> to cook; as if the houses in this country were
covered with cakes. Cf. <u>Cook</u>, <u>Cockney</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An imaginary country of idleness and
luxury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The land of cockneys; cockneydom; -- a
term applied to London and its suburbs.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"ca*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A powerful alkaloid,
C<sub>17</sub>H<sub>21</sub>NO<sub>4</sub>, obtained from the
leaves of coca. It is a bitter, white, crystalline substance, and
is remarkable for producing local insensibility to
pain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coc*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coccum</i> a berry + <i>-ferous</i>. See <u>Coccus</u>.]
<def>Bearing or producing berries; bacciferous; as,
<i>cocciferous</i> trees or plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Coc`ci*nel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>coccineus</i> scarlet-colored. See <u>Cochoneal</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small beetles of many
species. They and their larv&aelig; feed on aphids or plant lice,
and hence are of great benefit to man. Also called
<i>ladybirds</i> and <i>ladybugs</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Coc`co*bac*te"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i>  <plw><b>Coccobacteria</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a grain + NL. <i>bacterium</i>. So called from its round
shape.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the round variety of bacteria,
a vegetable organism, generally less than a thousandth of a
millimeter in diameter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coc"co*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
grain, seed + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>coccalite</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A granular variety of pyroxene, green or white
in color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coc"co*lith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
grain, seed + <i>-lith</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of a kind of
minute, calcareous bodies, probably vegetable, often abundant in
deep-sea mud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coc"co*sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
grain, seed + E. <i>sphere</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A small,
rounded, marine organism, capable of braking up into
coccoliths.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Coc*cos"te*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; grain, seed + &?; bone.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct
genus of Devonian ganoid fishes, having the broad plates about
the head studded with berrylike tubercles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Coc"cu*lus In"di*cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>cocculus</i> (dim. of L. <i>coccum</i> kermes berry) + L.
<i>Indicus</i> of India.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit or berry
of the <i>Anamirta Cocculus</i>, a climbing plant of the East
Indies. It is a poisonous narcotic and stimulant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Coc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cocci</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; grain, seed. See
<u>Cochineal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of
the separable carpels of a dry fruit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
hemipterous insects, including scale insects, and the cochineal
insect (<i>Coccus cacti</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A form of bacteria,
shaped like a globule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coc*cyg"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the coccyx; as, the <i>coccygeal</i>
vertebr&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coccygeal glands</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>,
glands situated at the base of the tail of birds. They secrete
the oil with which the plumage is dressed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Coc*cyg"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Coccygeal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Coc"cyx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Coccyges</b></plw> (#). [L., cuckoo, Gr. &?;, cuckoo,
coccyx. So called from its resemblance to the beak of a cuckoo.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The end of the vertebral column beyond the
sacrum in man and tailless monkeys. It is composed of several
vertebr&aelig; more or less consolidated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coch"i*neal</hw> (k&obreve;ch"&ibreve;*n&emacr;l; 277),
[Sp. <i>cochinilla</i>, dim. from L. <i>coccineus</i>,
<i>coccinus</i>, scarlet, fr. <i>coccum</i> the kermes berry, G.
<grk>ko`kkos</grk> berry, especially the kermes insect, used to
dye scarlet, as the cochineal was formerly supposed to be the
grain or seed of a plant, and this word was formerly defined to
be the grain of the <i>Quercus coccifera</i>; but cf. also Sp.
<i>cochinilla</i> wood louse, dim. of <i>cochina</i> sow, akin to
F. <i>cochon</i> pig.] <def>A dyestuff consisting of the dried
bodies of females of the <i>Coccus cacti</i>, an insect native in
Mexico, Central America, etc., and found on several species of
cactus, esp. <i>Opuntia cochinellifera</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; These insects are gathered from the plant, killed by
the application of heat, and exposed to the sun to dry. When
dried they resemble small, rough berries or seeds, of a brown or
purple color, and form the cochineal of the shops, which is used
for making carmine, and also as a red dye.</p>

<p>&fist; Cochineal contains as its essential coloring matter
<i>carminic acid</i>, a purple red amorphous substance which
yields <i>carmine red</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Coch"i*neal fig</hw> (?), <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of
Central and Southern America, of the Cactus family, extensively
cultivated for the sake of the cochineal insect, which lives on
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"chin fowl`</hw> (?), <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large
variety of the domestic fowl, originally from Cochin China
(Anam).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Coch"le*a</hw> (k&obreve;k"l&esl;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a snail, or snail shell, Gr.
<grk>kochli`as</grk> a snail, fr. <grk>ko`chlos</grk> a shellfish
with a spiral shell.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An appendage of the
labyrinth of the internal ear, which is elongated and coiled into
a spiral in mammals. See <u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coch"le*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the cochlea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Coch`le*a"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spoon.</def>  <i>Andrews.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med)</i> <def>A spoonful.</def>
<i>Dungleson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coch`le*ar"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cochleare</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Spoon-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coch"le*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cochlearum</i> penfor snails (meaning formerly given, <i>snail
shell</i>). See <u>Cjchlea</u>.] <def>Same as
<u>Cochleate</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Coch"le*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Coch"le*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cochleatus</i> spiral or screw-
formed. See <u>Cochlea</u>.] <def>Having the form of a snail
shell; spiral; turbinated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>coc</i>; of
unknown origin, perh. in imitation of the cry of the cock. Cf.
<u>Chicken</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The male of birds,
particularly of gallinaceous or domestic fowls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vane in the shape of a cock; a
weathercock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drenched our steeples, drowned the
<i>cocks</i>!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A chief man; a leader or master.</def>
[Humorous]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sir Andrew is the <i>cock</i> of the club, since
he left us.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The crow of a cock, esp. the first
crow in the morning; cockcrow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He begins at curfew, and walks till the first
<i>cock</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A faucet or valve.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Jonsons says, "The handle probably had a <i>cock</i> on
the top; things that were contrived to turn seem anciently to
have had that form, whatever was the reason." Skinner says,
because it used to be constructed <i>in forma crit&aelig;
galli</i>, i.e., in the form of a cock's comb.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The style of gnomon of a dial.</def>
<i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The indicator of a balance.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The bridge piece which affords a
bearing for the pivot of a balance in a clock or watch.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ball cock</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ball</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Chaparral cock</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Chaparral</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cock and bull story</b></col>,
<col><b>an extravagant</b></col>, <cd>boastful story; a
canard.</cd> -- <col><b>Cock of the plains</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Sage cock</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cock of the rock</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
South American bird (<i>Rupicola aurantia</i>) having a beautiful
crest.</cd> -- <col><b>Cock of the walk</b></col>, <cd>a chief or
master; the hero of the hour; one who has overcrowed, or got the
better of, rivals or competitors.</cd> -- <col><b>Cock of the
woods</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Capercailzie</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cock</hw> (k&obreve;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cocked</u> (k&obreve;kt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cocking</u>.] [Cf. Gael.
<i>coc</i> to cock.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set erect; to
turn up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our Lightfoot barks, and <i>cocks</i> his
ears.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Dick would <i>cock</i> his nose in scorn.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shape, as a hat, by turning up the
brim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set on one side in a pert or jaunty
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>cocked</i> their hats in each other's
faces.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To turn (the eye) obliquely and
partially close its lid, as an expression of derision or
insinuation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cocked hat</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A hat
with large, stiff flaps turned up to a peaked crown, thus making
its form triangular; -- called also <i>three-cornered
hat</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A game similar to ninepins,
except that only three pins are used, which are set up at the
angles of a triangle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cock</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To strut; to
swagger; to look big, pert, or menacing.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of cocking;
also, the turn so given; as, a <i>cock</i> of the eyes; to give a
hat a saucy <i>cock</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>cocca</i> notch of
an arrow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The notch of an arrow or
crossbow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The hammer in the lock of a
firearm.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At cock</b></col>, <col><b>At full cock</b></col>,
<cd>with the hammer raised and ready to fire; -- said of
firearms, also, jocularly, of one prepared for instant
action.</cd> -- <col><b>At half cock</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Half</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cock feather</b></col>
<i>(Archery)</i>, <cd>the feather of an arrow at right angles to
the direction of the cock or notch.</cd>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To draw the hammer
of (a firearm) fully back and set it for firing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To draw back the
hammer of a firearm, and set it for firing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cocked</i>, fired, and missed his man.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>k&ouml;kkr</i> lump, Dan. <i>kok</i> heap, or E. <i>cock</i>
to set erect.] <def>A small concial pile of hay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put into cocks
or heaps, as hay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under the <i>cocked</i> hay.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of. <i>coque</i>, F.
<i>coche</i>, a small vessel, L. <i>concha</i> muscle shell, a
vessel. See <u>Coach</u>, and cf. <u>Cog</u> a small boat.]
<def>A small boat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yond tall anchoring bark [appears]<BR>
Diminished to her <i>cock</i>; her <i>cock</i>, a buoy<BR>
Almost too small for sight.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A corruption or
disguise of the word <i>God</i>, used in oaths.</def> [Obs.] "By
<i>cock</i> and pie."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock*ade"</hw> (k&obreve;k*&amacr;d"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cocarble</i>, fr. <i>coquard</i>
vain, OF. <i>coquart</i>, fr. <i>coq</i> cock, prob. of imitative
origin. The ornament is so named from its resemblance to the
crest of a cock. Cf. <u>Coquette</u>.] <def>A badge, usually in
the form of a rosette, or knot, and generally worn upon the hat;
-- used as an indication of military or naval service, or party
allegiance, and in England as a part of the livery to indicate
that the wearer is the servant of a military or naval
officer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seduced by military liveries and
<i>cockades</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cock*ad"ed</hw> (-&amacr;"d&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a cockade.</def>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock`-a-hoop"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Boastful; defiant; exulting. Also used
adverbially.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"al</hw> (k&obreve;k"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Etymol. uncertain.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A game played with
sheep's bones instead of dice</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The bone used in playing the game; --
called also <i>huckle bone</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A little transverse bone<BR>
Which boys and bruckeled children call<BR>
(Playing for points and pins) <i>cockal</i>.<BR>
<i>Herrick.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cock`a*leek"ie</hw>
(k&obreve;k`&adot;*l&emacr;"k&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <i>cock</i> + <i>leek</i>.] <def>A favorite soup in
Scotland, made from a capon highly seasoned, and boiled with
leeks and prunes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock`a*ma*roo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
Russian variety of bagatelle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"a*teel</hw> (k&obreve;k`&adot;*t&emacr;l"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An Australian
parrot (<i>Calopsitta Nov&aelig;-Hollandi&aelig;</i>); -- so
called from its note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock`a*too"</hw> (k&obreve;k`&adot;*t&oomac;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malayan <i>kakat&umacr;a</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird of the Parrot family, of the
subfamily <i>Cacatuin&aelig;</i>, having a short, strong, and
much curved beak, and the head ornamented with a crest, which can
be raised or depressed at will. There are several genera and many
species; as the broad-crested (<i>Plictolophus, or Cacatua,
cristatus</i>), the sulphur-crested (<i>P. galeritus</i>), etc.
The palm or great black cockatoo of Australia is <i>Microglossus
aterrimus</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 273 !></p>

<p><hw>Cock"a*trice</hw> (-tr&imacr;s; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>cocatrice</i> crocodile, F. <i>cocatrix</i>,
<i>cocatrice</i>. The word is a corruption from the same source
as E. <i>crocodile</i>, but was confused with <i>cock</i> the
bird, F. <i>coq</i>, whence arose the fable that the animal was
produced from a <i>cock's</i> egg. See <u>Crocodile</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fabulous serpent whose breath and
look were said to be fatal. See <u>Basilisk</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That bare vowel, I, shall poison more<BR>
Than the death-darting eye of <i>cockatrice</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A representation of this
serpent. It has the head, wings, and legs of a bird, and tail of
a serpent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>A venomous serpent
which which cannot now be identified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The weaned child shall put his hand on the
<i>cockatrice's</i> [Rev. Ver. <i>basilisk's</i>] den.<BR>
<i>Is. xi. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any venomous or deadly
thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This little <i>cockatrice</i> of a king.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cock"bill</hw> (k&obreve;k"b&ibreve;l`), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [See <u>Cock</u> to set erect.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To tilt up one end of so as to make almost vertical; as, to
<i>cockbill</i> the yards as a sign of mourning.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To cockbill the anchor</b></col>, <cd>to suspend it
from the cathead preparatory to letting it go. See
<u>Acockbill</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cock"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cock</u>
a boat.] <def>A small boat, esp. one used on rivers or near the
shore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"-brained`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giddy;
rash.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock"chaf`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chafer</u> the beetle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A beetle of
the genus <i>Melolontha</i> (esp. <i>M. vulgaris</i>) and allied
genera; -- called also <i>May bug</i>, <i>chafer</i>, or
<i>dorbeetle</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cock"crow</hw> (?), <hw>Cock"crow`ing</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The time at which cocks first crow; the
early morning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cockered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cockering</u>.] [OE. <i>cokeren</i>; cf. W.
<i>cocru</i> to indulge, fondle, E. <i>cock</i> the bird, F.
<i>coqueliner</i> to dandle (Cotgrave), to imitate the crow of a
cock, to run after the girls, and E. <i>cockle</i>, v.] <def>To
treat with too great tenderness; to fondle; to indulge; to
pamper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cocker</i> thy child and he shall make thee
afraid.<BR>
<i>Ecclesiasticus xxx. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Poor folks cannot afford to <i>cocker</i>
themselves up.<BR>
<i>J. Ingelow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cock"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Cock</u> the
bird.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One given to cockfighting.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Steele.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small dog of the
spaniel kind, used for starting up woodcocks, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>coker</i>
qyiver, boot, AS. <i>cocer</i> quiver; akin to G.
<i>k&ouml;cher</i> quiver, and perh. originally meaning
<i>receptacle</i>, <i>holder</i>. Cf. <u>Quiver</u> (for
arrows).] <def>A rustic high shoe or half-boots.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock"er*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. a double
dim. of <i>cock</i>.] <def>A young cock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>coquet</i>
coquettish. See <u>Coquette</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Pert;
saucy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock"et</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A customhouse seal; a certified document
given to a shipper as a warrant that his goods have been duly
entered and have paid duty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An office in a customhouse where goods
intended for export are entered.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A measure for bread.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock"eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>cock</i>
to turn up.] <def>A squinting eye.</def>  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock"eye`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>The socket in the ball of a millstone, which sits on the
cockhead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"fight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A match or
contest of gamecocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"fight`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
practice of pitting gamecocks to fight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"fight`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Addicted to
cockfighting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>The rounded or pointed top of a grinding mill spindle,
forming a pivot on which the stone is balanced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"horse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A child's rocking-horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ride a <i>cockhorse</i> to Banbury cross.<BR>
<i>Mother Goose.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A high or tall horse.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cock"horse`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Lifted up, as one is on a tall horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lofty in feeling; exultant; proud;
upstart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our painted fools and <i>cockhorse</i>
peasantry.<BR>
<i>Marlowe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cock`ie*leek"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Cockaleekie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cockfighting.</def>  <i>Ben Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coc"kle</hw> (k&obreve;k"k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cockes</i> cockles, AS. <i>s&aemacr;coccas</i> sea cockles,
prob, from Celtic; cf. W. <i>cocs</i> cockles, Gael.
<i>cochull</i> husk. Perh. influenced by F. <i>coquille</i>
shell, a dim. from the root of E. <i>conch</i>. Cf.
<u>Coach</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
bivalve mollusk, with radiating ribs, of the genus
<i>Cardium</i>, especially <i>C. edule</i>, used in Europe for
food; -- sometimes applied to similar shells of other
genera.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cockleshell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The mineral black tourmaline or
schorl; -- so called by the Cornish miners.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The fire chamber of a furnace.</def>
[Eng.]  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A hop-drying kiln; an oast.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The dome of a heating furnace.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cockle hat</b></col>, <cd>a hat ornamented with a
cockleshell, the badge of a pilgrim.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Cockle stairs</b></col>, <cd>winding or spiral
stairs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Coc"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cockled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cockling</u> (?).] [Of uncertian origin.] <def>To
cause to contract into wrinkles or ridges, as some kinds of cloth
after a wetting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cockling sea</b></col>, <cd>waves dashing against each
other with a short and quick motion.</cd>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coc"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>coccel</i>,
<i>cocel</i>; cf. Gael. <i>cogall</i> tares, husks, cockle.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plant or weed that grows
among grain; the corn rose (<i>Luchnis Githage</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The <i>Lotium</i>, or darnel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coc"kle*bur`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A coarse, composite weed, having a rough or prickly fruit;
one of several species of the genus <i>Xanthium</i>; -- called
also <i>clotbur</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coc"kled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclosed in a
shell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tender horns of <i>cockled</i> snails.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coc"kled</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wrinkled;
puckered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Showers soon drench the camlet's <i>cockled</i>
grain.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coc"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes
and sells cockles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coc"kle*shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the shells or valves of a
cockle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A light boat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To board the <i>cockleshell</i> in those plunding
waters.<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cock"loft`</hw> (?; 115) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prop., a
loft where <i>cocks</i> roost.] <def>An upper loft; a garret; the
highest room in a building.</def>  <i>Dryden. Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
breeds gamecocks.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock"match`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cockfight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"ney</hw> (k&obreve;k"n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cockneys</b></plw> (-
n&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>cocknay</i>, <i>cokenay</i>, a spoiled
child, effeminate person, an egg; prob. orig. a cock's egg, a
small imperfect egg; OE. <i>cok</i> cock + <i>nay</i>,
<i>neye</i>, for <i>ey</i> egg (cf. <u>Newt</u>), AS.
<i>&aelig;g</i>. See 1st <u>Cock</u>, <u>Egg</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An effeminate
person; a spoilt child.</def> "A young heir or <i>cockney</i>,
that is his mother's darling."  <i>Nash (1592).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This great lubber, the world, will prove a
<i>cockney</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A native or resident of the city of
London; -- used contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>cockney</i> in a rural village was stared at
as much as if he had entered a kraal of Hottentots.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cock"ney</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to, or like, cockneys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"ney*dom</hw> (k&obreve;k"n&ibreve;*d&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The region or home of cockneys;
cockneys, collectively.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock"ney*fy</hw> (-f&imacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<i>Cockney</i> + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To form with the manners or
character of a cockney.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Cock"ney*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characteristic of, or resembling, cockneys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"ney*ism</hw> (k&obreve;k"n&ibreve;*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The characteristics, manners, or
dialect, of a cockney.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"-pad`dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Lumpfish</u>.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Cock"pit`</hw> (k&obreve;k"p&ibreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pit, or inclosed
area, for cockfights.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Henry the Eighth had built . . . a
<i>cockpit</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Privy Council room at Westminster;
-- so called because built on the site of the cockpit of
Whitehall palace.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>That part of a war vessel appropriated to the wounded during
an engagement.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In yachts and other
small vessels, a space lower than the rest of the deck, which
affords easy access to the cabin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"roach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>cucaracha</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An orthopterous
insect of the genus <i>Blatta</i>, and allied genera.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The species are numerous, especially in hot countries.
Those most commonly infesting houses in Europe and North America
are <i>Blatta orientalis</i>, a large species often called
<i>black beetle</i>, and the Croton bug (<i>Ectobia
Germanica</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Cocks"comb`</hw> (k&obreve;ks"k&omacr;m`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>cock</i>, n. + <i>comb</i> crest.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Coxcomb</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant (<i>Celosia
cristata</i>), of many varieties, cultivated for its broad,
fantastic spikes of brilliant flowers; -- sometimes called
<i>garden cockscomb</i>. Also the <i>Pedicularis</i>, or
lousewort, the <i>Rhinanthus Crista-galli</i>, and the
<i>Onobrychis Crista-galli</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cocks"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A leguminous herb (<i>Onobrychis Caput-galli</i>), having
small spiny-crested pods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"shut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
net to catch woodcock.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cockshut time</b></col> or <col><b>light</b></col>,
<cd>evening twilight; nightfall; -- so called in allusion to the
tome at which the cockshut used to be spread.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak. B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock"shy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A game in which trinkets are set upon
sticks, to be thrown at by the players; -- so called from an
ancient popular sport which consisted in "shying" or throwing
cudgels at live cocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An object at which stones are
flung.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Making a <i>cockshy</i> of him," replied the
hideous small boy.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cock"spur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A variety of <i>Crat&aelig;gus</i>, or hawthorn (<i>C. Crus-
galli</i>), having long, straight thorns; -- called also
<i>Cockspur thorn</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"sure`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Perfectly safe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We steal as in a castle, cocksure: . . . we walk
invisible.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Quite certain.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I thought myself <i>cocksure</i> of the horse
which he readily promised me.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cock"swain</hw> (?, colloq. ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cock</i> a boat + <i>swain</i>; hence, the master of a boat.]
<def>The steersman of a boat; a petty officer who has charge of a
boat and its crew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A beverage made of brandy, whisky, or
gin, iced, flavored, and sweetened.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Breeding)</i> <def>A horse, not
of pure breed, but having only one eighth or one sixteenth impure
blood in his veins.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mean, half-hearted fellow; a
coward.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It was in the second affair that poor little
Barney showed he was a <i>cocktail</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of rove
beetle; -- so called from its habit of elevating the
tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"up</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large, highly esteemed, edible fish of India (<i>Lates
calcarifer</i>); -- also called <i>begti</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"weed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Peppergrass.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cock"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Cocket</u>.]
<def>Pert.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Co"co</hw> (k&omacr;"k&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> or
<hw>Co"co palm</hw> (k&omacr;"k&osl; p&auml;m`).} <def>See
<u>Cocoa</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Co"coa</hw> (k&omacr;"k&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Co"coa palm`</hw> (p&auml;m`) } [Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>coco</i>
cocoanut, in Sp. also, cocoa palm.  The Portuguese name is said
to have been given from the monkeylike face at the base of the
nut, fr. Pg. <i>coco</i> a bugbear, an ugly mask to frighten
children. Cf., however, Gr. <grk>koy^ki</grk> the cocoa palm and
its fruit, <grk>ko`i:x</grk>, <grk>ko`i:kos</grk>, a kind of
Egyptian palm.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A palm tree producing the
cocoanut (<i>Cocos nucifera</i>). It grows in nearly all tropical
countries, attaining a height of sixty or eighty feet. The trunk
is without branches, and has a tuft of leaves at the top, each
being fifteen or twenty feet in length, and at the base of these
the nuts hang in clusters; the cocoanut tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"coa</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>cacao</i>.] <def>A preparation made from the seeds of the
chocolate tree, and used in making, a beverage; also the beverage
made from cocoa or cocoa shells.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cocoa shells</b></col>, <cd>the husks which separate
from the cacao seeds in preparing them for use.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Co"coa*nut`</hw> (-n&ubreve;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The large, hard-shelled nut of the cocoa palm. It yields an
agreeable milky liquid and a white meat or albumen much used as
food and in making oil.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Co`co*bo"lo</hw> (?), <hw>Co`co*bo"las</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>cocobolo</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
very beautiful and hard wood, obtained in the West India Islands.
It is used in cabinetmaking, for the handles of tools, and for
various fancy articles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*coon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cocon</i>,
dim. of <i>coque</i> shell of egge and insects, fr. L.
<i>concha</i> mussel shell. See <u>Conch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An oblong case in which the silkworm lies in its chrysalis
state. It is formed of threads of silk spun by the worm just
before leaving the larval state. From these the silk of commerce
is prepared.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The case constructed by any insect to contain its larva or
pupa.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The case of silk made by
spiders to protect their eggs.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
egg cases of mucus, etc., made by leeches and other
worms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*coon"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
building or apartment for silkworms, when feeding and forming
cocoons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coc"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Coctile</u>.] <def>Capable of being cooked.</def>
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coc"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coctilis</i>, fr. <i>coguere</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Cook</u>.]
<def>Made by baking, or exposing to heat, as a brick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coctio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of boiling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Digestion.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The change
which the humorists believed morbific matter undergoes before
elimination.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"cus wood`</hw> (?). <def>A West Indian wood, used for
making flutes and other musical instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cod</hw> (k&obreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>codd</i> small bag; akin to Icel. <i>koddi</i> pillow, Sw.
<i>kudde</i> cushion; cf. W. <i>cod</i>, <i>cwd</i>, bag,
shell.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A husk; a pod; as, a
peas<i>cod</i>.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small bag or pouch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The scrotum.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pillow or cushion.</def> [Prov.
Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cod</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>gadde</i>, and
(in Heligoland) <i>gadden</i>, L. <i>gadus</i> merlangus.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An important edible fish (<i>Gadus
morrhua</i>), taken in immense numbers on the northern coasts of
Europe and America. It is especially abundant and large on the
Grand Bank of Newfoundland. It is salted and dried in large
quantities.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are several varieties; as <i>shore cod</i>, from
shallow water; <i>bank cod</i>, from the distant banks; and
<i>rock cod</i>, which is found among ledges, and is often dark
brown or mottled with red. The <i>tomcod</i> is a distinct
species of small size. The <i>bastard</i>, <i>blue</i>,
<i>buffalo</i>, or <i>cultus cod</i> of the Pacific coast belongs
to a distinct family. See <i>Buffalo cod</i>, under
<u>Buffalo</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Cod fishery</b></col>, <cd>the business of fishing for
cod.</cd> -- <col><b>Cod line</b></col>, <cd>an eighteen-thread
line used in catching codfish.</cd>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Co"da</hw> (k&omacr;"d&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[It., tail, fr. L. <i>cauda</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A few
measures added beyond the natural termination of a
composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cod"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gatherer of
cods or peas.</def> [Obs. or Prov.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cod"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lustful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cod"dle</hw> (k&obreve;d"d'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Coddled</u> (-d'ld);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Coddling</u> (-
dl&ibreve;ng).] [Cf. <u>Prov</u>. E. <i>caddle</i> to coax,
spoil, fondle, and <u>Cade</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>codle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To parboil, or soften by boiling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [the guava fruit] may be <i>coddled</i>.<BR>
<i>Dampier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with excessive tenderness; to
pamper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How many of our English princes have been
<i>coddled</i> at home by their fond papas and mammas!<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Lord Byron] never <i>coddled</i> his
reputation.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 274 !></p>

<p><hw>Cod"dy*mod"dy</hw>
(k&obreve;d"d&ybreve;*m&obreve;d"d&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gull in the plumage of its first
year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Code</hw> (k&omacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>codex</i>, <i>caudex</i>, the stock or stem of a tree, a board
or tablet of wood smeared over with wax, on which the ancients
originally wrote; hence, a book, a writing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A body of law, sanctioned by legislation, in which the rules
of law to be specifically applied by the courts are set forth in
systematic form; a compilation of laws by public authority; a
digest.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The collection of laws made by the order of Justinian
is sometimes called, by way of eminence. "<i>The Code</i>"
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any system of rules or regulations
relating to one subject; as, the medical <i>code</i>, a system of
rules for the regulation of the professional conduct of
physicians; the naval <i>code</i>, a system of rules for making
communications at sea means of signals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Code civil</b></col> or <col><b>Code
Napoleon</b></col>, <cd>a code enacted in France in 1803 and
1804, embodying the law of rights of persons and of property
generally.</cd>  <i>Abbot.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Co`de*fend"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A joint
defendant.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*de"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; poppy
head: cf. F. <i>cod&?;ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the
opium alkaloids; a white crystalline substance,
C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>21</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>, similar to and
regarded as a derivative of morphine, but much feebler in its
action; -- called also <i>codeia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*det"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., dim. of
<i>coda</i> tail.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short passage connecting
two sections, but not forming part of either; a short
coda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co"dex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Codices</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Code</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A book; a manuscript.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection or digest of laws; a
code.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An ancient manuscript of the Sacred
Scriptures, or any part of them, particularly the New
Testament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A collection of canons.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cod"fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of fish. Same as
<u>Cod</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Codg"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Cadger</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A miser or mean
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A singular or odd person; -- a
familiar, humorous, or depreciatory appellation.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A few of us old <i>codgers</i> met at the
fireside.<BR>
<i>Emerson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cod"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
a codex, or a code.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cod"i*cil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>codicillus</i>, dim. of <i>codex</i>: cf. F. <i>codicille</i>.
See <u>Code</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A clause added to a
will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cod`i*cil"la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>codicillaris</i>, <i>codicillarius</i>.] <def>Of the nature of
a codicil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`di*fi*ca"tion</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>codification</i>.] <def>The act or process of codifying or
reducing laws to a code.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"di*fi`er</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who codifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"di*fy</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Codified</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Codifying</u>.] [<i>Code</i> + <i>-
fy</i>: cf. F. <i>codifier</i>.] <def>To reduce to a code, as
laws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*dil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>codicula</i> a little tail, dim. of <i>cauda</i> tail.]
<i>(Com.)</i> <def>The coarse tow of flax and hemp.</def>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*dille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>codile</i>.] <def>A term at omber, signifying that the game is
won.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A codifier; a
maker of codes.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Co"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Coddle</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cod"lin</hw> (?), <hw>Cod"ling</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>cod&aelig;ppel</i> a quince.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An apple fit to stew or coddle.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An immature apple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>codling</i> when 't is almost an apple.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Codling moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
small moth (<i>Carpocapsa Pomonella</i>), which in the larval
state (known as the <i>apple worm</i>) lives in apples, often
doing great damage to the crop.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cod"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>cod</i>
the fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young cod; also, a
hake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cod" liv`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The liver
of the common cod and allied species.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cod-liver oil</b></col>, <cd>an oil obtained from the
liver of the codfish, and used extensively in medicine as a means
of supplying the body with fat in cases of malnutrition.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cod"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cod</i>, n.,
&?; + <i>piece</i>.] <def>A part of male dress in front of the
breeches, formerly made very conspicuous.</def>  <i>Shak.
Fosbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>C&oelig;*cil"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>C&aelig;cilian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ed`u*ca"tion</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An educating together, as of persons of different sexes or
races.</def></p>

<p><wf>Co*ed`u*ca"tion*al</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Co*ef"fi*ca*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Joint
efficacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`ef*fi"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Joint
efficiency; co&ouml;peration.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`ef*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Co&ouml;perating; acting together to produce an
effect.</def></p>

<p><wf>Co`ef*fi"cient*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Co`ef*fi"cient</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which unites in action with
something else to produce the same effect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>coefficient</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>A number or letter put before a letter or quantity, known or
unknown, to show how many times the latter is to be taken; as,
6<i>x</i>; <i>bx</i>; here 6 and <i>b</i> are <i>coefficients</i>
of <i>x</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A number, commonly
used in computation as a factor, expressing the amount of some
change or effect under certain fixed conditions as to
temperature, length, volume, etc.; as, the <i>coefficient</i> of
expansion; the <i>coefficient</i> of friction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arbitrary coefficient</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a
literal coefficient placed arbitrarily in an algebraic
expression, the value of the coefficient being afterwards
determined by the conditions of the problem.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Coe"horn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From its
inventor, Baron <i>Coehorn</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small
bronze mortar mounted on a wooden block with handles, and light
enough to be carried short distances by two men.</def></p>

<p><hw>C&oelig;l"a*canth</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>koi^los</grk> hollow + &?; spine.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having hollow spines, as some ganoid fishes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||C&oelig;*len"te*ra</hw> (?) or
<hw>||C&oelig;*len`te*ra"ta</hw>, } <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>koi^los</grk> hollow + &?; intestines.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A comprehensive group of Invertebrata,
mostly marine, comprising the <i>Anthozoa</i>, <i>Hydrozoa</i>,
and <i>Ctenophora</i>. The name implies that the stomach and body
cavities are one. The group is sometimes enlarged so as to
include the sponges.</def></p>

<p><hw>C&oelig;*len"ter*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the C&oelig;lentera.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
C&oelig;lentera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||C&oelig;"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a cavity of the body, a ventricle.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
cavity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word is applied to the ventricles of the brain, the
different ventricles being indicated by prefixes like those
characterizing the parts of the brain in which the cavities are
found; as, <i>epic&oelig;lia</i>, <i>mesoc&oelig;lia</i>,
<i>metac&oelig;lia</i>, <i>proc&oelig;lia</i>, etc.  <i>B. G.
Wilder.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>C&oelig;"li*ac</hw>, <hw>Ce"li*ac</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>coeliacus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
belly, fr. <grk>koi^los</grk> hollow.] <def>Relating to the
abdomen, or to the cavity of the abdomen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>C&oelig;liac artery</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
artery which issues from the aorta just below the diaphragm; --
called also <i>c&oelig;liac axis</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>C&oelig;liac flux</b></col>, <col><b>C&oelig;liac
passion</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a chronic flux or diarrhea
of undigested food.</cd></p>

<p><hw>C&oelig;"lo*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>koi^los</grk> hollow + &?;, &?;, tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having hollow teeth; -- said of a group lizards.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a group of lizards having hollow
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>C&oelig;l`o*sper"mous</hw> (? or &?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>koi^los</grk> hollow + &?; seed.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Hollow-seeded; having the ventral face of the
seedlike carpels incurved at the ends, as in coriander
seed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||C&oelig;"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a hollow, neut. of <grk>koi^los</grk> hollow.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <i>Body cavity</i>, under
<u>Body</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*emp"tion</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>co&euml;mptio</i>, fr. <i>co&euml;mere</i> to buy up. See
<u>Emption</u>.] <def>The act of buying the whole quantity of any
commodity.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Co*en"doo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Brazilian porcupine (<i>Cercolades,
or Sphingurus, prehensiles</i>), remarkable for its prehensile
tail.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>C&oelig;*nen"chym</hw> (?),
<hw>||C&oelig;*nen"chy*ma</hw> (?) } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>coenenchyma</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>koino`s</grk> common + &?;
something poured in. Formed like <i>parenchyma</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common tissue which unites the
polyps or zooids of a compound anthozoan or coral. It may be soft
or more or less ossified. See <u>Coral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||C&oelig;n`es*the"sis</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>koino`s</grk> common + &?; sensation.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Common sensation or general sensibility,
as distinguished from the special sensations which are located
in, or ascribed to, separate organs, as the eye and ear. It is
supposed to depend on the ganglionic system.</def></p>

<p><hw>C&oelig;n"o*bite</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Cenobite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||C&oelig;*n&oelig;"ci*um</hw> (? or ?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>koino`s</grk> common +
&?; house.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common tissue which
unites the various zooids of a bryozoan.</def></p>

<p><hw>C&oelig;*nog"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>koino`s</grk> common + &?; marraige.] <def>The state of a
community which permits promiscuous sexual intercourse among its
members; -- as in certain primitive tribes or communistic
societies.</def> [Written also <i>cenogamy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>C&oelig;n"o*sarc</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>koino`s</grk> common + &?;, &?;, flesh.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The common soft tissue which unites the polyps of a compound
hydroid. See <u>Hydroidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||C&oelig;*nu"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. fr.
Gr. <grk>koino`s</grk> common + &?; tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The larval stage of a tapeworm (<i>T&aelig;nia
c&oelig;nurus</i>) which forms bladderlike sacs in the brain of
sheep, causing the fatal disease known as <i>water brain</i>,
<i>vertigo</i>, <i>staggers</i> or <i>gid</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This bladder worm has on its surface numerous small
heads, each of which, when swallowed by a dog, becomes a mature
tapeworm in the dog's intestine.</p>

<p><hw>Co*e"qual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coaequalis</i>; <i>co-</i> + <i>aequalis</i> equal.]
<def>Being on an equality in rank or power.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is on an equality with
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In once he come to be a cardinal,<BR>
He'll make his cap <i>coequal</i> with the crown.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co`e*qual"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being on an equality, as in rank or power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*e"qual*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
coequality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*erce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Coerced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coercing</u>.] [L. <i>co&euml;rcere</i>; <i>co-
</i> + <i>arcere</i> to shut up, to press together. See
<u>Ark</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To restrain by force,
especially by law or authority; to repress; to curb.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Punishments are manifold, that they may
<i>coerce</i> this profligate sort.<BR>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To compel or constrain to any action;
as, to <i>coerce</i> a man to vote for a certain
candidate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To compel or enforce; as, to
<i>coerce</i> obedience.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Coerce</u>, <u>Compel</u>.  To
<i>compel</i> denotes to urge on by force which cannot be
resisted. The term aplies equally to physical and moral force;
as, <i>compelled</i> by hunger; <i>compelled</i> adverse
circumstances; <i>compelled</i> by parental affection.
<i>Coerce</i> had at first only the negative sense of checking or
restraining by force; as, to <i>coerce</i> a bad man by
punishments or a prisoner with fetters. It has now gained a
positive sense., viz., that of driving a person into the
performance of some act which is required of him by another; as,
to <i>coerce</i> a man to sign a contract; to <i>coerce</i>
obedience. In this sense (which is now the prevailing one),
<i>coerce</i> differs but little from <i>compel</i>, and yet
there is a distinction between them. <i>Coercion</i> is usually
acomplished by indirect means, as threats and intimidation,
physical force being more rarely employed in <i>coercing</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Co"er"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being coerced.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Co*er"ci*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Co*er"cion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coercio</i>, fr. <i>coercere</i>. See <u>Coerce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of coercing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The application to
another of either physical or moral force. When the force is
physical, and cannot be resisted, then the act produced by it is
a nullity, so far as concerns the party coerced. When the force
is moral, then the act, though voidable, is imputable to the
party doing it, unless he be so paralyzed by terror as to act
convulsively. At the same time coercion is not negatived by the
fact of submission under force. "Coactus volui" (I consented
under compulsion) is the condition of mind which, when there is
volition forced by coercion, annuls the result of such
coercion.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*er"ci*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Coercive.</def> "<i>Coercitive</i> power in laws."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*er"cive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving or
intended to coerce; having power to constrain.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Co*er"cive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
Co*er"cive*ness, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Coercive</i> power can only influence us to
outward practice.<BR>
<i>Bp. Warburton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Coercive</b></col> or <col><b>Coercitive
force</b></col> <i>(Magnetism)</i>, <cd>the power or force which
in iron or steel produces a slowness or difficulty in imparting
magnetism to it, and also interposes an obstacle to the return of
a bar to its natural state when active magnetism has ceased. It
plainly depends on the molecular constitution of the metal.</cd>
<i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The power of resisting magnetization or
demagnization is sometimes called <i>coercive force</i>.<BR>
<i>S. Thompson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>C&oelig;`ru*lig"none</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coeruleus cerulean + lignum</i> wood + E. quin<i>one</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bluish violet, crystalline substance
obtained in the purification of crude wood vinegar. It is
regarded as a complex quinone derivative of diphenyl; -- called
also <i>cedriret</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`es*sen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Partaking of the same essence.</def> --
<wf>Co`es*sen"tial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>We bless and magnify that <i>coessential</i>
Spirit, eternally proceeding from both [The Father and the
Son].<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co`es*sen`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (? or ?; 106),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Participation of the same
essence.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`es*tab"lish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Joint establishment.</def>  <i>Bp. Watson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`es*tate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Joint
estate.</def>  <i>Smolett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`e*ta"ne*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
coetaneous with another; a contemporary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A . . . <i>coetanean</i> of the late earl of
Southampton.<BR>
<i>Aubrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co`e*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coaetaneus</i>; <i>co-</i> + <i>aetas</i> age.] <def>Of the
same age; beginning to exist at the same time;
contemporaneous.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Co`e*ta"ne*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>And all [members of the body] are
<i>coetaneous</i>.<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co`e*ter"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Equally
eternal.</def> -- <wf>Co`e*ter"nal*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Hail, holy Light, offspring of Heaven first
born!<BR>
Or of the Eternal <i>coeternal</i> beam.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co`e*ter"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Existence from eternity equally with another eternal being;
equal eternity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*e"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coaevus</i>; <i>co-</i> + <i>aevum</i> lifetime, age. See
<u>Age</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Of the same age; existing
during the same period of time, especially time long and remote;
-- usually followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Silence! <i>coeval</i> with eternity!<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Oaks <i>coeval</i> spread a mournful shade.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*e"val</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the same
age; a contemporary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As if it were not enough to have outdone all your
<i>coevals</i> in wit.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*e"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coeval</def>
[Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`ex*ec"u*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A joint
executor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`ex*ec"u*trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
joint executrix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`ex*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Coexisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coexisting</u>.] <def>To exist at the same time;
-- sometimes followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of substances no one has any clear idea, farther
than of certain simple ideas <i>coexisting</i> together.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>So much purity and integrity . . .
<i>coexisting</i> with so much decay and so many infirmities.<BR>
<i>Warburton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co`ex*ist"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Existence at the same time with another; -- contemporary
existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without the help, or so much as the
<i>coexistence</i>, of any condition.<BR>
<i>Jer.  Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co`ex*ist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Existing
at the same time with another.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>That which coexists with another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law of <i>coexistent</i> vibrations.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co`ex*ist"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Coexistent.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`ex*tend</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Coextended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coextending</u>.] <def>To extend through the same
space or time with another; to extend to the same
degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>According to which the least body may be
<i>coextended</i> with the greatest.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Has your English language one single word that is
<i>coextended</i> through all these significations?<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 275 !></p>

<p><hw>Co`ex*ten"sion</hw>
(k&omacr;`&ebreve;ks*t&ebreve;n"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of extending equally, or the
state of being equally extended.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`ex*ten"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Equally
extensive; having equal extent; as, consciousness and knowledge
are <i>coextensive</i>.</def> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i> --
<wf>Co`ex*ten"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
Co`ex*ten"sive*ness, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cof"fee</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>qahveh</i>, Ar. <i>qahuah</i> wine, coffee, a decoction of
berries. Cf. <u>Caf&eacute;</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
"beans" or "berries" (pyrenes) obtained from the drupes of a
small evergreen tree of the genus <i>Coffea</i>, growing in
Abyssinia, Arabia, Persia, and other warm regions of Asia and
Africa, and also in tropical America.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The coffee tree.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are several species of the coffee tree, as,
<i>Coffea Arabica</i>, <i>C. occidentalis</i>, and <i>C.
Liberica</i>. The white, fragrant flowers grow in clusters at the
root of the leaves, and the fruit is a red or purple cherrylike
drupe, with sweet pulp, usually containing two pyrenes,
commercially called "beans" or "berries".</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The beverage made from the roasted and
ground berry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have in Turkey a drink called <i>coffee</i>.
. . . This drink comforteth the brain and heart, and helpeth
digestion.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The use of <i>coffee</i> is said to have been
introduced into England about 1650, when coffeehouses were opened
in Oxford and London.</p>

<p><col><b>Coffee bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
species of scale insect (<i>Lecanium coff&aelig;a</i>), often
very injurious to the coffee tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Coffee
rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Musang</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cof"fee*house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house
of entertainment, where guests are supplied with coffee and other
refreshments, and where men meet for conversation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>coffeehouse</i> must not be dismissed with
a cursory mention. It might indeed, at that time, have been not
improperly called a most important political institution.  . . .
The <i>coffeehouses</i> were the chief organs through which the
public opinion of the metropolis vented itself.  . . . Every man
of the upper or middle class went daily to his <i>coffeehouse</i>
to learn the news and discuss it. Every <i>coffeehouse</i> had
one or more orators, to whose eloquence the crowd listened with
admiration, and who soon became what the journalists of our own
time have been called -- a fourth estate of the realm.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cof"fee*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
keeps a coffeehouse.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cof"fee*pot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A covered
pot in which coffee is prepared, or is brought upon the table for
drinking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cof"fee*room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A public
room where coffee and other refreshments may be
obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cof"fer</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>cofre</i>, F. <i>coffre</i>, L. <i>cophinus</i> basket, fr.
Gr. &?;. Cf. <u>Coffin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A casket, chest, or trunk; especially,
one used for keeping money or other valuables.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In ivory <i>coffers</i> I have stuffed my
crowns.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Treasure or funds; -- usually in
the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would discharge it without any burden to the
queen's <i>coffers</i>, for honor sake.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Hold, here is half my <i>coffer</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A panel deeply recessed
in the ceiling of a vault, dome, or portico; a caisson.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A trench dug in the
bottom of a dry moat, and extending across it, to enable the
besieged to defend it by a raking fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The chamber of a canal lock; also, a
caisson or a cofferdam.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coffer dam</b></col>. <i>(Engin.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cofferdam</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Coffer
fish</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cowfish</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cof"fer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To put into a coffer.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>To secure from
leaking, as a shaft, by ramming clay behind the masonry or
timbering.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form with or in a coffer or
coffers; to furnish with a coffer or coffers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cof"fer*dam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A water-
tight inclosure, as of piles packed with clay, from which the
water is pumped to expose the bottom (of a river, etc.) and
permit the laying of foundations, building of piers,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cof"fer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
keeps treasures in a coffer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cof"fer*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Masonry)</i> <def>Rubblework faced with stone.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cof"fin</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., a
basket, receptacle, OF. <i>cofin</i>, fr. L. <i>cophinus</i>. See
<u>Coffer</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
case in which a dead human body is inclosed for burial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They embalmed him [Joseph], and he was put in a
<i>coffin</i>.<BR>
<i>Gen. 1. 26.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A basket.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif
(matt. xiv. 20).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A casing or crust, or a mold, of
pastry, as for a pie.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of the paste a <i>coffin</i> I will rear.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A conical paper bag, used by
grocers.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>The hollow crust or hoof
of a horse's foot, below the coronet, in which is the coffin
bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coffin bone</b></col>, <cd>the foot bone of the horse
and allied animals, inclosed within the hoof, and corresponding
to the third phalanx of the middle finger, or toe, of most
mammals.</cd> -- <col><b>Coffin joint</b></col>, <cd>the joint
next above the coffin bone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cof"fin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Coffined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coffining</u>.] <def>To inclose in, or as in, a
coffin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Would'st thou have laughed, had I come
<i>coffined</i> home?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Devotion is not <i>coffined</i> in a cell.<BR>
<i>John Hall (1646).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cof"fin*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
coffin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cof"fle</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>kafala</i> caravan.] <def>A gang of negro slaves being driven
to market.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cog</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cogged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cogging</u>.] [Cf. W. <i>coegio</i> to make void, to beceive,
from <i>coeg</i> empty, vain, foolish. Cf. <u>Coax</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To seduce, or draw away, by adulation,
artifice, or falsehood; to wheedle; to cozen; to cheat.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll . . . <i>cog</i> their hearts from them.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obtrude or thrust in, by falsehood
or deception; as, to <i>cog</i> in a word; to palm off.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fustian tragedies . . . have, by concerted
applauses, been <i>cogged</i> upon the town for masterpieces.<BR>
<i>J. Dennis</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To cog a die, to load so as to direct its fall; to
cheat in playing dice.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cog</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To deceive; to
cheat; to play false; to lie; to wheedle; to cajole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For guineas in other men's breeches,<BR>
Your gamesters will palm and will <i>cog</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cog</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trick or deception;
a falsehood.</def>  <i>Wm. Watson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>kugge</i> a
cog, or W. <i>cocos</i> the cogs of a wheel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A tooth, cam, or catch for imparting or
receiving motion, as on a gear wheel, or a lifter or wiper on a
shaft; originally, a separate piece of wood set in a mortise in
the face of a wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
kind of tenon on the end of a joist, received into a notch in a
bearing timber, and resting flush with its upper surface.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tenon in a scarf joint; a coak.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>One of the rough
pillars of stone or coal left to support the roof of a
mine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cog</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with a
cog or cogs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cogged breath sound</b></col> <i>(Auscultation)</i>,
<cd>a form of interrupted respiration, in which the interruptions
are very even, three or four to each inspiration.</cd>
<i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>cogge</i>; cf. D.
<i>kog</i>, Icel. <i>kuggr</i> Cf. <u>Cock</u> a boat.] <def>A
small fishing boat.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cogent</u>.] <def>The quality of being cogent; power of
compelling conviction; conclusiveness; force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An antecedent argument of extreme
<i>cogency</i>.<BR>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*ge"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Congenial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Co"gent</hw> (k&omacr;"j&ebreve;nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>cogens</i>, p. pr. of <i>cogere</i> to drive together, to
force; <i>co-</i> + <i>agere</i> to drive. See <u>Agent</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Coact</u> to force,
<u>Coagulate</u>, <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Compelling, in a physical sense; powerful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cogent</i> force of nature.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the power to compel conviction
or move the will; constraining; conclusive; forcible; powerful;
not easily reasisted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No better nor more <i>cogent</i> reason.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Proofs of the most <i>cogent</i> description.<BR>
<i>Tyndall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The tongue whose strains were <i>cogent</i> as
commands,<BR>
Revered at home, and felt in foreign lands.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Forcible; powerful; potent; urgent; strong;
persuasive; convincing; conclusive; influential.</p>

<p><hw>Co"gent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a cogent
manner; forcibly; convincingly; conclusively.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog"ger</hw> (k&obreve;g"g&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <u>Cog</u> to wheedle.] <def>A flatterer or deceiver; a
sharper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cog"ger*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Trick;
deception.</def>  <i>Bp. Watson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cog</u>
small boat.] <def>A small fishing boat.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Cobble</u> a
cobblestone.] <def>A cobblestone.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog`i*ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being cogitable; conceivableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cog"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cogitabilis</i>, fr. <i>cogitare</i> to think.] <def>Capable
of being brought before the mind as a thought or idea;
conceivable; thinkable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Creation is <i>cogitable</i> by us only as a
putting forth of divine power.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cog"i*ta*bund`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cogitabundus</i>.] <def>Full of thought; thoughtful.</def>
[R.]  <i>Leigh Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cogitated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cogitating</u>.] [L. <i>cogitatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>cogitare</i> to reflect upon, prob. fr. <i>co-</i> + the root
of <i>aio</i> I say; hence, prop., to discuss with one's self.
Cf. <u>Adage</u>.] <def>To engage in continuous thought; to
think.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that calleth a thing into his mind, whether by
impression or recordation, <i>cogitateth</i> and considereth, and
he that employeth the faculty of his fancy also
<i>cogitateth</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cog"i*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To think
over; to plan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . is our witness, how we both day and
night, revolving in our minds, did <i>cogitate</i> nothing more
than how to satisfy the parts of a good pastor.<BR>
<i>Foxe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cog`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cogitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>cogitation</i>.] <def>The act of
thinking; thought; meditation; contemplation.</def> "Fixed in
<i>cogitation</i> deep."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog"i*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>cogitativus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing, or
pertaining to, the power of thinking or meditating.</def>
"<i>Cogitative</i> faculties."  <i>Wollaston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to thought or
contemplation.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dealer in
cogware or coarse cloth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"gnac`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A kind
of French brandy, so called from the town of
<i>Cognac</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cog"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cognatus</i>; <i>co-</i> + <i>gnatus</i>, <i>natus</i>, p. p.
of <i>nasci</i>, anciently <i>gnasci</i>, to be born. See
<u>Nation</u>, and cf. <u>Connate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Allied by blood; kindred by birth; specifically
<i>(Law)</i>, related on the mother's side.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the same or a similar nature; of
the same family; proceeding from the same stock or root; allied;
kindred; as, a <i>cognate</i> language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cog"nate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>One who is related to another on the female
side.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a number of things allied in
origin or nature; as, certain letters are
<i>cognates</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cog"nate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being cognate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cog*na"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Relatives by the mother's side.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cognatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relationship by blood;
descent from the same original; kindred.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As by our <i>cognation</i> to the body of the
first Adam.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Participation of the same
nature.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A like temper and <i>cognation</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir K. Digby.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>That tie of consanguinity
which exists between persons descended from the same mother; --
used in distinction from <i>agnation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cog*na"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
kinsman.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person connected through
cognation.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cog`ni*sor"</hw> (? or ?), <hw>Cog`ni*see</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Cognizor</u>,
<u>Cognizee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cog*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cognitio</i>, fr. <i>cognoscere</i>, <i>cognitum</i>, to
become acquainted with, to know; <i>co-</i> + <i>noscere</i>,
<i>gnoscere</i>, to get a knowledge of. See <u>Know</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
knowing; knowledge; perception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not be myself nor have <i>cognation</i><BR>
Of what I feel: I am all patience.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is known.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cog"ni*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Knowing,
or apprehending by the understanding; as, <i>cognitive</i>
power.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog"ni*za*ble</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>connaissable</i>, fr. <i>conna&icirc;tre</i> to know, L.
<i>cognoscere</i>. See Cognition.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being known or apprehended; as, <i>cognizable</i>
causes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to be a subject of judicial
investigation; capable of being judicially heard and
determined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cognizable</i> both in the ecclesiastical and
secular courts.<BR>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cog"ni*za*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
cognizable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cog"ni*zance</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>conissance</i>, <i>conoissance</i>, F. <i>connaissance</i>,
LL. <i>cognoscentia</i>, fr. L. <i>cognoscere</i> to know. See
<u>Cognition</u>, and cf. <u>Cognoscence</u>,
<u>Connoisseur</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Apprehension by the
understanding; perception; observation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Within the <i>cognizance</i> and lying under the
control of their divine Governor.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hurd</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Recollection; recognition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who, soon as on that knight his eye did
glance,<BR>
Eftsoones of him had perfect <i>cognizance</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Jurisdiction, or the power given by law to hear and decide
controversies.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The hearing a
matter judicially.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An
acknowledgment of a fine of lands and tenements or confession of
a thing done.</def> [Eng.] <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A form of
defense in the action of replevin, by which the defendant insists
that the goods were lawfully taken, as a distress, by defendant,
acting as servant for another.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Cowell. Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The distinguishing mark worn by an
armed knight, usually upon the helmet, and by his retainers and
followers: Hence, in general, a badge worn by a retainer or
dependent, to indicate the person or party to which he belonged;
a token by which a thing may be known.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wearing the liveries and <i>cognizance</i> of
their master.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This pale and angry rose,<BR>
As <i>cognizance</i> of my blood-drinking hate.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cog"ni*zant</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cognizance</u>, and cf. <u>Connusant</u>.] <def>Having
cognizance or knowledge. (<i>of</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cog"nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Cognizant</u>, <u>Recognize</u>.] <def>To know or perceive; to
recognize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reasoning faculty can deal with no facts until
they are <i>cognized</i> by it.<BR>
<i>H. Spencer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cog`ni*zee"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>One to whom a fine of land was
acknowledged.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog`ni*zor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cognizance</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who acknowledged the
right of the plaintiff or cognizee in a fine; the
defendant.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog*no"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: <i>co-</i>
+ (<i>g</i>)<i>nomen</i> name.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The last
of the three names of a person among the ancient Romans, denoting
his house or family.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A surname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cog*nom"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a cognomen; of the nature of a surname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cog*nom"i*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One bearing
the same name; a namesake.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog*nom`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cognominatio</i>.] <def>A cognomen or surname.</def> [R.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog*nos"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>cognoscentia</i>. See <u>Cognizance</u>.]
<def>Cognizance.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cog`nos*cen"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cognoscenti</b></plw> (#). [OIt.
<i>cognoscente</i>, p. pr. of <i>cognoscere</i>, It.
<i>conoscere</i> to know.] <def>A connoisseur.</def>
<i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog*nos`ci*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being cognoscible.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog*nos"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being known.</def> "Matters
intelligible and <i>cognoscible</i>."  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liable to judicial
investigation.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog*nos"ci*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the power of knowing.</def> [Obs.] "An innate <i>cognoscitive</i>
power."  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cog*no"vit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., he has
acknowledged.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>An instrument in writing whereby
a defendant in an action acknowledges a plaintiff's demand to be
just.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*guard"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A joint
guardian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Cog</u> a
small boat.] <def>A small wooden vessel; a pail.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog"ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coarse,
narrow cloth, like frieze, used by the lower classes in the
sixteenth century.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cog"wheel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wheel
with cogs or teeth; a gear wheel. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Gearing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*hab"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cohabited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cohabiting</u>.] [L. <i>cohabitare</i>; <i>co-
</i> + <i>habitare</i> to dwell, to have possession of (a place),
freg. of <i>habere</i> to have. See <u>Habit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To inhabit or reside in company, or in the same place or
country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Philistines were worsted by the captived ark .
. . : they were not able to <i>cohabit</i> with that holy
thing.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dwell or live together as husband
and wife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law presumes that husband and wife
<i>cohabit</i> together, even after a voluntary separation has
taken place between them.<BR>
<i>Bouvier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; By the common law as existing in the United States,
marriage is presumed when a man and woman <i>cohabit</i>
permanently together, being reputed by those who know them to be
husband and wife, and admitting the relationship.
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*hab"it*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cohabitans</i>, p. pr.] <def>One who dwells with another, or
in the same place or country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No small number of the Danes became peaceable
<i>cohabitants</i> with the Saxons in England.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 276 !></p>

<p><hw>Co*hab"i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cohabitatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of
dwelling together, or in the same place with another.</def>
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The living together of a
man and woman in supposed sexual relationship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That the duty of <i>cohabitation</i> is released
by the cruelty of one of the parties is admitted.<BR>
<i>Lord Stowell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*hab"it*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cohabitant.</def>  <i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*heir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A joint heir;
one of two or more heirs; one of several entitled to an
inheritance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*heir"ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
heir who inherits with other heiresses; a joint
heiress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*heir"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a coheir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*her"ald</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A joint
herald.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*here"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cohered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cohering</u> (?).] [L. <i>cohaerere</i>,
<i>cohaesum</i>; <i>co-</i> + <i>haerere</i> to stick, adhere.
See <u>Aghast</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To stick together; to cleave; to be united; to hold fast, as
parts of the same mass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither knows he . . . how the solid parts of the
body are united or <i>cohere</i> together.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be united or connected together in
subordination to one purpose; to follow naturally and logically,
as the parts of a discourse, or as arguments in a train of
reasoning; to be logically consistent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have been inserted where they best seemed to
<i>cohere</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suit; to agree; to fit.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Had time <i>cohered</i> with place, or place with
wishing.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To cleave; unite; adhere; stick; suit; agree;
fit; be consistent.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Co*her"ence</hw> (?), <hw>Co*her"en*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cohaerentia</i>: cf. F.
<i>coh&eacute;rence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sticking or
cleaving together; union of parts of the same body;
cohesion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Connection or dependence, proceeding
from the subordination of the parts of a thing to one principle
or purpose, as in the parts of a discourse, or of a system of
philosophy; consecutiveness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Coherence</i> of discourse, and a direct
tendency of all the parts of it to the argument in hand, are most
eminently to be found in him.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*her"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cohaerens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Cohere</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sticking together; cleaving; as the parts of bodies; solid
or fluid.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Composed of mutually dependent parts;
making a logical whole; consistent; as, a <i>coherent</i> plan,
argument, or discourse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Logically consistent; -- applied to
persons; as, a <i>coherent</i> thinker.</def>  <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Suitable or suited; adapted;
accordant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Instruct my daughter how she shall persever,<BR>
That time and place, with this deceit so lawful,<BR>
May prove <i>coherent</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*her"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
coherent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*he`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being cohesible.</def>  <i>Good.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*he"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of cohesion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*he"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>coh&eacute;sion</i>. See <u>Cohere</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or state of sticking together; close
union.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>That from of
attraction by which the particles of a body are united throughout
the mass, whether like or unlike; -- distinguished from
<i>adhesion</i>, which unites bodies by their adjacent
surfaces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Solids and fluids differ in the degree of
<i>cohesion</i>, which, being increased, turns a fluid into a
solid.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Logical agreement and dependence; as,
the <i>cohesion</i> of ideas.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*he"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Holding the particles of a homogeneous
body together; as, <i>cohesive</i> attraction; producing
cohesion; as, a <i>cohesive</i> force.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cohering, or sticking together, as in
a mass; capable of cohering; tending to cohere; as,
<i>cohesive</i> clay.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cohesive attraction</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Attraction</u>.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Co*he"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Co*he"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Co*hib"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cohibited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cohibiting</u>.] [L. <i>cohibitus</i>, p. p. of
<i>cohibere</i> to confine; <i>co-</i> + <i>habere</i> to hold.]
<def>To restrain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`hi*bi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cohibitio</i>.] <def>Hindrance; restraint.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Co`ho*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cohobated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cohobating</u>.] [LL. <i>cohobare</i>; prob. of
Arabic origin: cf. F. <i>cohober</i>.] <i>(Anc. Chem.)</i>
<def>To repeat the distillation of, pouring the liquor back upon
the matter remaining in the vessel.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`ho*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cohobation</i>.] <i>(Anc. Chem.)</i> <def>The process of
cohobating.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"horn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>See <u>Coehorn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"hort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cohors</i>,
prop. an inclosure: cf. F. <i>cohorte</i>. See <u>Court</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>
<def>A body of about five or six hundred soldiers; the tenth part
of a legion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any band or body of
warriors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With him the <i>cohort</i> bright<BR>
Of watchful cherubim.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A natural group of
orders of plants, less comprehensive than a class.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"hosh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A perennial American herb (<i>Caulophyllum
thalictroides</i>), whose rootstock is used in medicine; -- also
called <i>pappoose root</i>. The name is sometimes also given to
the <i>Cimicifuga racemosa</i>, and to two species of
<i>Act&aelig;a</i>, plants of the Crowfoot family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coif</hw> (koif), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>coife</i>,
F. <i>coiffe</i>, LL. <i>cofea</i>, <i>cuphia</i>, fr. OHG.
<i>kuppa</i>, <i>kuppha</i>, miter, perh. fr. L. <i>cupa</i> tub.
See <u>Cup</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; but cf. also <u>Cop</u>,
<u>Cuff</u> the article of dress, <u>Quoif</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A cap.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A close-fitting cap covering the sides
of the head, like a small hood without a cape.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An official headdress, such as that worn
by certain judges in England.</def> [Written also
<i>quoif</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From point and saucy ermine down<BR>
To the plain <i>coif</i> and russet gown.<BR>
<i>H. Brocke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The judges, . . . althout they are not of the
first magnitude, nor need be of the degree of the <i>coif</i>,
yet are they considerable.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coif</hw> (koif), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>coiffer</i>.] <def>To cover or dress with, or as with, a
coif.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>coif</i> me, where I'm bald, with
flowers.<BR>
<i>J. G. Cooper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coifed</hw> (koift), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
coif.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coif"fure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>coiffer</i>. See <u>Coif</u>.] <def>A headdress, or manner of
dressing the hair.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coigne</hw> (koin), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Coin</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A quoin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See you yound <i>coigne</i> of the Capitol? yon
corner stone?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Coigne</hw>, <hw>Coign"y</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice of quartering one's self
as landlord on a tenant; a quartering of one's self on
anybody.</def> [Ireland]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coil</hw> (koil), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Coiled</u> (koild); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coiling</u>.] [OF. <i>coillir</i>, F.
<i>cueillir</i>, to collect, gather together, L. <i>coligere</i>;
<i>col-</i> + <i>legere</i> to gather. See <u>Legend</u>, and cf.
<u>Cull</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Collect</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wind cylindrically or spirally; as, to
<i>coil</i> a rope when not in use; the snake <i>coiled</i>
itself before springing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To encircle and hold with, or as with,
coils.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>T. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coil</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wind itself
cylindrically or spirally; to form a coil; to wind; -- often with
<i>about</i> or <i>around</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You can see his flery serpents . . . <BR>
<i>Coiting</i>, playing in the water.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
ring, series of rings, or spiral, into which a rope, or other
like thing, is wound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wild grapevines that twisted their
<i>coils</i> from trec to tree.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Entanglement; toil; mesh;
perplexity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A series of connected pipes in rows or
layers, as in a steam heating apparatus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Induction coil</b></col>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Induction</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ruhmkorff's coil</b></col>
<i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>an induction coil, sometimes so called from
<i>Ruhmkorff</i> (&?;), a prominent manufacturer of the
apparatus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Coil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Celtic origin; cf.
Gael. <i>goil</i> fume, rage.] <def>A noise, tumult, bustle, or
confusion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coi"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Cullion</u>.] <def>A testicle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coin</hw> (koin), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>coin</i>,
formerly also <i>coing</i>, wedge, stamp, corner, fr. L.
<i>cuneus</i> wedge; prob. akin to E. <i>cone</i>, <i>hone</i>.
See <u>Hone</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Coigne</u>,
<u>Quoin</u>, <u>Cuneiform</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quoin;
a corner or external angle; a wedge. See <u>Coigne</u>, and
<u>Quoin</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of metal on which certain
characters are stamped by government authority, making it legally
current as money; -- much used in a collective sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is alleged that it [a subsidy] exceeded all the
current <i>coin</i> of the realm.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which serves for payment or
recompense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The loss of present advantage to flesh and blood
is repaid in a nobler <i>coin</i>.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Coin balance</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Balance</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To pay one in his own
coin</b></col>, <cd>to return to one the same kind of injury or
ill treatment as has been received from him.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Coin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Coined</u> (koind); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coining</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make of
a definite fineness, and convert into coins, as a mass of metal;
to mint; to manufacture; as, to <i>coin</i> silver dollars; to
<i>coin</i> a medal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make or fabricate; to invent; to
originate; as, to <i>coin</i> a word.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some tale, some new pretense, he daily
<i>coined</i>,<BR>
To soothe his sister and delude her mind.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To acquire rapidly, as money; to
make.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tenants cannot <i>coin</i> rent just at quarter
day.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To manufacture
counterfeit money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They cannot touch me for <i>coining</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coin"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Coin</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, cf. <u>Cuinage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of converting metal into money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The care of the <i>coinage</i> was committed to
the inferior magistrates.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coins; the aggregate coin of a time or
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The cost or expense of coining
money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of fabricating or
inventing; formation; fabrication; that which is fabricated or
forged.</def> "Unnecessary <i>coinage</i> . . . of words."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the very <i>coinage</i> of your brain.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co`in*cide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Coincided</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Coinciding</u>.] [L. <i>co-</i> +
<i>incidere</i> to fall on; <i>in + cadere</i> to fall: cf. F.
<i>co&iuml;ncider</i>. See <u>Chance</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To occupy the same place in space, as two
equal triangles, when placed one on the other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the equator and the ecliptic had
<i>coincided</i>, it would have rendered the annual revoluton of
the earth useless.<BR>
<i>Cheyne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To occur at the same time; to be
contemporaneous; as, the fall of Granada <i>coincided</i> with
the discovery of America.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To correspond exactly; to agree; to
concur; as, our aims <i>coincide</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rules of right jugdment and of good
ratiocination often <i>coincide</i> with each other.<BR>
<i>Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*in"ci*dence</hw>
(k&osl;*&ibreve;n"s&ibreve;*d<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>co&iuml;ncidence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
condition of occupying the same place in space; as, the
<i>coincidence</i> of circles, surfaces, etc.</def>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition or fact of happening at
the same time; as, the <i>coincidence</i> of the deaths of John
Adams and Thomas Jefferson.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exact correspondence in nature,
character, result, circumstances, etc.; concurrence;
agreement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The very concurrence and <i>coincidence</i> of so
many evidences . . . carries a great weight.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who discourse . . . of the nature of truth .
. . affirm a perfect <i>coincidence</i> between truth and
goodness.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*in"ci*den*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Coincidence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Co*in"ci*dent</hw>
(k&osl;*&ibreve;n"s&ibreve;*d<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>co&iuml;ncident</i>.] <def>Having coincidence;
occupying the same place; contemporaneous; concurrent; --
followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Christianity teaches nothing but what is perfectly
suitable to, and <i>coincident</i> with, the ruling principles of
a virtuous and well-inclined man.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*in"ci*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of
two or more coincident events; a coincidence.</def> [R.]
"<i>Coincidents</i> and accidents."  <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*in`ci*den"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Coincident.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*in"ci*dent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>With coincidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`in*cid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
coincides with another in an opinion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*in`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>co&iuml;dication</i>.] <def>One of several signs or symptoms
indicating the same fact; as, a <i>coindication</i> of
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who makes or stamps coin; a maker of money; -- usually,
a maker of counterfeit money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Precautions such as are employed by <i>coiners</i>
and receivers of stolen goods.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inventor or maker, as of
words.</def>  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`in*hab"it*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who dwells with another, or with others.</def>
"<i>Coinhabitants</i> of the same element."  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`in*here"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
inhere or exist together, as in one substance.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`in*her"it*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Joint inheritance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`in*her"it*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
coheir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`in*i"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Having a common beginning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*in"qui*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coinquinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>coinquinare</i> to defile. See
<u>Inquinate</u>.] <def>To pollute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*in`qui*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Defilement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Co*in"stan*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Happening at the same instant.</def>  <i>C. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`intense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Equal in
intensity or degree; as, the relations between 6 and 12, and 8
and 16, are <i>cointense</i>.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`in*ten"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition of being of equal in intensity; -- applied to
relations; as, 3:6 and 6:12 are relations of
<i>cointension</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cointension</i> . . . is chosen indicate the
equality of relations in respect of the contrast between their
terms.<BR>
<i>H. Spencer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coir</hw> (koir), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Tamil
<i>kayiru</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A material for cordage,
matting, etc., consisting of the prepared fiber of the outer husk
of the cocoanut.</def>  <i>Homans.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cordage or cables, made of this
material.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cois"tril</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from OF.
<i>coustillier</i> groom or lad. Cf. <u>Custrel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inferior groom or lad employed by an
esquire to carry the knight's arms and other necessaries.</def>
[Written also <i>coistrel</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mean, paltry fellow; a coward.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coit</hw> (koit), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Quoit</u>.]
<def>A quoit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw, as a
stone. [Obs.] See <u>Quoit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*i"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coitio</i>, fr. <i>coire</i> to come together; <i>co-</i> +
<i>ire</i> to go.] <def>A coming together; sexual intercourse;
copulation.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*join"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To join;
to conjoin.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ju"ror</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
swears to another's credibility.</def>  <i>W. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. akin to
<i>cake</i>, n.] <def>Mineral coal charred, or depriver of its
bitumen, sulphur, or other volatile matter by roasting in a kiln
or oven, or by distillation, as in gas works. It is lagerly used
where &?; smokeless fire is required.</def> [Written also
<i>coak</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Gas coke</b></col>, <cd>the coke formed in gas
retorts, as distinguished from that made in ovens.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Coke</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convert into
coke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coke"nay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cockney.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"ker*nut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i>
<def>The cocoanut.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A mode of spelling introduced by the London customhouse
to distinguish more widely between this and other articles spelt
much in the same manner.</p>

<p><hw>Cokes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. Cf.
<u>Coax</u>.] <def>A simpleton; a gull; a dupe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coke"wold</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cuckold.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col-</hw> (&?;). <def>A prefix signifying <i>with</i>,
<i>together</i>. See <u>Com-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Col</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., neck, fr. L.
<i>collum</i> neck.] <def>A short ridge connecting two higher
elevations or mountains; the pass over such a ridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*la"bor*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
labors with another; an associate in labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"an*der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>colans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>colare</i> to filter,
to strain, fr. <i>colum</i> a strainer. Cf. <u>Cullis</u>,
<u>Culvert</u>.] <def>A utensil with a bottom perforated with
little holes for straining liquids, mashed vegetable pulp, etc.;
a strainer of wickerwork, perforated metal, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Colander</u>.] <def>The act or process of straining or
filtering.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Co*lat"i*tude</hw> (?; 134), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed
like <i>cosine</i>. See <u>Cosine</u>.] <def>The complement of
the latitude, or the difference between any latitude and ninety
degrees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"a*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>colatura</i>, from <i>colare</i>: cf. F. <i>colature</i>. See
<u>Colander</u>.] <def>The process of straining; the matter
strained; a strainer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Col"ber*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Jean
Baptiste <i>Colbert</i>, a minister of Louis XIV., who encouraged
the lace manufacture in France.] <def>A kind of lace.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pinners edged with <i>colbertine</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Difference rose between<BR>
Mechlin, the queen of lace, and <i>colbertine</i>.<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"chi*cine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>colchicine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A powerful vegetable
alkaloid, C<sub>17</sub>H<sub>19</sub>NO<sub>5</sub>, extracted
from the <i>Colchicum autumnale</i>, or meadow saffron, as a
white or yellowish amorphous powder, with a harsh, bitter taste;
-- called also <i>colchicia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"chi*cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a plant
with a poisonous root, fr. <i>Colchicus</i> Colchian, fr.
<i>Colchis</i>, Gr. &?;, an ancient province in Asia, east of the
Black Sea, where was the home of Media the sorceress.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of bulbous-rooted plants found in many
parts of Europe, including the meadow saffron.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Preparations made from the poisonous bulbs and seeds,
and perhaps from the flowers, of the <i>Colchicum autumnale</i>
(meadow saffron) are used as remedies for gout and
rheumatism.</p>

<p><! p. 277 !></p>

<p><hw>Col"co*thar</hw> (k&obreve;l"k&osl;*th&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>colcothar vitrioli</i>, fr. Ar.
<i>qolqo&tsdot;ar</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Polishing rouge; a
reddish brown oxide of iron, used in polishing glass, and also as
a pigment; -- called also <i>crocus Martis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cold</hw> (k&omacr;ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Colder</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Coldest</u>.] [OE. <i>cold</i>,
<i>cald</i>, AS. <i>cald</i>, <i>ceald</i>; akin to OS.
<i>kald</i>, D. <i>koud</i>, G. <i>kalt</i>, Icel. <i>kaldr</i>,
Dan. <i>kold</i>, Sw. <i>kall</i>, Goth. <i>kalds</i>, L.
<i>gelu</i> frost, <i>gelare</i> to freeze. Orig. p. p. of AS.
<i>calan</i> to be cold, Icel. <i>kala</i> to freeze. Cf.
<u>Cool</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Chill</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deprived of heat,
or having a low temperature; not warm or hot; gelid;
frigid.</def> "The snowy top of <i>cold</i> Olympis."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lacking the sensation of warmth;
suffering from the absence of heat; chilly; shivering; as, to be
<i>cold</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not pungent or acrid.</def>
"<i>Cold</i> plants."  <i>Bacon</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in ardor, intensity, warmth,
zeal, or passion; spiritless; unconcerned; reserved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>cold</i> and unconcerned spectator.<BR>
<i>T. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>cold</i> relation is a zealous citizen.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Unwelcome; disagreeable;
unsatisfactory.</def> "<i>Cold</i> news for me." "<i>Cold</i>
comfort."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in power to excite; dull;
uninteresting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What a deal of <i>cold</i> business doth a man
misspend the better part of life in!<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The jest grows <i>cold</i> . . . when in comes on
in a second scene.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Affecting the sense of smell (as of
hunting dogs) but feebly; having lost its odor; as, a <i>cold</i>
scent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Not sensitive; not acute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Smell this business with a sense as
<i>cold</i><BR>
As is a dead man's nose.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Distant; -- said, in the game of
hunting for some object, of a seeker remote from the thing
concealed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Having a bluish
effect. Cf. <u>Warm</u>, 8.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cold abscess</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Abscess</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cold blast</b></col> <cd>See
under <u>Blast</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Cold
blood</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Blood</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</cd> -- <col><b>Cold chill</b></col>,
<cd>an ague fit.</cd> <i>Wright.</i> -- <col><b>Cold
chisel</b></col>, <cd>a chisel of peculiar strength and hardness,
for cutting cold metal.</cd> <i>Weale.</i> -- <col><b>Cold
cream</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cream</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cold
slaw</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Cole slaw</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>In cold
blood</b></col>, <cd>without excitement or passion;
deliberately.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He was slain in <i>cold blood</i> after the fight
was over.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To give one the cold shoulder</b></col>, <cd>to treat
one with neglect.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gelid; bleak; frigid; chill; indifferent;
unconcerned; passionless; reserved; unfeeling; stoical.</p>

<p><hw>Cold</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The relative absence of heat or warmth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sensation produced by the escape
of heat; chilliness or chillness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When she saw her lord prepared to part,<BR>
A deadly <i>cold</i> ran shivering to her heart.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid state of the
animal system produced by exposure to cold or dampness; a
catarrh.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cold sore</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a vesicular
eruption appearing about the mouth as the result of a cold, or in
the course of any disease attended with fever.</cd> -- <col><b>To
leave one out in the cold</b></col>, <cd>to overlook or neglect
him.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Cold</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
cold.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cold"-blood`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having cold blood; -- said of fish or
animals whose blood is but little warmer than the water or air
about them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deficient in sensibility or feeling;
hard-hearted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not thoroughbred; -- said of animals,
as horses, which are derived from the common stock of a
country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cold"finch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A British wagtail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cold"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting
passion or feeling; indifferent.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cold"-heart`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cold"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
cold; cool; chilly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cold"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a cold
manner; without warmth, animation, or feeling; with indifference;
calmly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Withdraw unto some private place,<BR>
And reason <i>coldly</i> of your grievances.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cold"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being cold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cold"-short`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Brittle
when cold; as, <i>cold-short</i> iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cold"-shut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>Closed while too cold to become thoroughly welded; -- said
of a forging or casting.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
imperfection caused by such insufficient welding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>col</i>,
<i>caul</i>, AS. <i>cawl</i>, <i>cawel</i>, fr. L. <i>caulis</i>,
the stalk or stem of a plant, esp. a cabbage stalk, cabbage, akin
to Gr. &?;. Cf. <u>Cauliflower</u>, <u>Kale</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant of the <i>Brassica</i> or Cabbage genus; esp. that
form of <i>B. oleracea</i> called <i>rape</i> and
<i>coleseed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co-leg`a*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A joint
legatee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cole"goose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Coalgoose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cole"man*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From W.T.
<i>Coleman</i> of San Francisco.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous
borate of lime occurring in transparent colorless or white
crystals, also massive, in Southern California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cole"mouse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Coletit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`le*op"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Coleoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co`le*op"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; sheath-winged; &?; sheath + &?; wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of insects having the anterior
pair of wings (elytra) hard and horny, and serving as coverings
for the posterior pair, which are membranous, and folded
transversely under the others when not in use. The mouth parts
form two pairs of jaws (mandibles and maxill&aelig;) adapted for
chewing. Most of the Coleoptera are known as beetles and
weevils.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Co`le*op"ter*al</hw> (?), <hw>Co`le*op"ter*ous</hw> (?)
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having
wings covered with a case or sheath; belonging to the
Coleoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`le*op"ter*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the order of
Coleoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`le*op"ter*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in the study of the Coleoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co`le*o*rhi"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; sheath + &?; root.] <def>A sheath in the embryo of
grasses, inclosing the caulicle.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cole"perch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of small black perch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cholera</i>. See <u>Choler</u>.] <def>Bile; choler.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cole*ridg"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to Samuel Taylor <i>Coleridge</i>, or to his
poetry or metaphysics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cole"seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The common
rape or cole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cole"slaw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>kool
slaa</i> cabbage salad.] <def>A salad made of sliced
cabbage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`-les*see"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A partner
in a lease taken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`-les*sor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A partner
in giving a lease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cole"staff`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Colstaff</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Col"et</hw> (?), <hw>Col"let</hw>  }[Corrupted fr.
<i>acolyte</i>.] <def>An inferior church servant. [Obs.] See
<u>Acolyte</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cole"tit`</hw> or <hw>Coal"tit</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small European
titmouse (<i>Parus ater</i>), so named from its black color; --
called also <i>coalmouse</i> and <i>colemouse</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co"le*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a sheath; -- referring to the manner in which the stamens are
united.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of several species of the
Mint family, cultivated for its bright-colored or variegated
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cole"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cawlwyrt</i>; <i>cawl</i> cole + <i>wyrt</i> wort. Cf.
<u>Collards</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A variety of cabbage in
which the leaves never form a compact head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any white cabbage before the head has
become firm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"fox`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A crafty
fox.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. colique, fr. L.
colicus sick with the colic, GR. &?;, fr. &?;, &?;, the colon.
The disease is so named from its being seated in or near the
colon. See <u>Colon</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A severe paroxysmal
pain in the abdomen, due to spasm, obstruction, or distention of
some one of the hollow viscera.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hepatic colic</b></col>, <cd>the severe pain produced
by the passage of a gallstone from the liver or gall bladder
through the bile duct.</cd> -- <col><b>Intestinal
colic</b></col>, or <col><b>Ordinary colic</b></col>, <cd>pain
due to distention of the intestines by gas.</cd> -- <col><b>Lead
colic</b></col>, <col><b>Painter's colic</b></col>, <cd>a violent
form of intestinal colic, associated with obstinate constipation,
produced by chronic lead poisoning.</cd> -- <col><b>Renal
colic</b></col>, <cd>the severe pain produced by the passage of a
calculus from the kidney through the ureter.</cd> -- <col><b>Wind
colic</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Intestinal colic</i>, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Col"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to colic; affecting the bowels.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
colon; as, the <i>colic</i> arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or of the nature of, colic.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"ick*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or troubled with, colic; as, a <i>colicky</i>
disorder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"ic*root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bitter
American herb of the Bloodwort family, with the leaves all
radical, and the small yellow or white flowers in a long spike
(<i>Aletris farinosa</i> and <i>A. aurea</i>). Called sometimes
<i>star grass</i>, <i>blackroot</i>, <i>blazing star</i>, and
<i>unicorn root</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>colin</i>;
prop. a dim. of <i>Colas</i>, contr. fr. <i>Nicolas</i>
Nicholas.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American quail or
bobwhite. The name is also applied to other related species. See
<u>Bobwhite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`i*se"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. (cf. It.
<i>coliseo</i>, <i>colosseo</i>), fr. L. <i>colosseus</i>
colossal, fr. <i>colossus</i> a colossus. See <u>Colossus</u>,
and cf. <u>Colosseum</u>.] <def>The amphitheater of Vespasian at
Rome, the largest in the world.</def> [Written also
<i>Colosseum</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Co*li"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inflammation of the
large intestine, esp. of its mucous membrane;
colonitis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coll</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>coler</i>,
fr. L. <i>collum</i> neck.] <def>To embrace.</def> [Obs.] "They
<i>coll</i> and kiss him."  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Col*la`bo*ra*teur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>See <u>Collaborator</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lab`o*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of working together; united labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lab"o*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collaborare</i> to labor together; <i>col-</i> +
<i>laborare</i> to labor: cf. F. <i>collaborateur</i>.] <def>An
associate in labor, especially in literary or scientific
labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"la*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ko`lla</grk> glue + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>The chemical basis of ordinary connective tissue, as of
tendons or sinews and of bone. On being boiled in water it
becomes gelatin or glue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lag"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Containing or resembling
collagen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lapse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Collapsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Collapsing</u>] [L. <i>collapsus</i>, p. p. of
<i>collabi</i> to collapse; <i>col-</i> + <i>labi</i> to fall,
slide. See <u>Lapse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fall
together suddenly, as the sides of a hollow vessel; to close by
falling or shrinking together; to have the sides or parts of (a
thing) fall in together, or be crushed in together; as, a flue in
the boiler of a steam engine sometimes
<i>collapses</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A balloon <i>collapses</i> when the gas escapes
from it.<BR>
<i>Maunder.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fail suddenly and completely, like
something hollow when subject to too much pressure; to undergo a
collapse; as, Maximilian's government <i>collapsed</i> soon after
the French army left Mexico; many financial projects
<i>collapse</i> after attaining some success and
importance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lapse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A falling together suddenly, as of the
sides of a hollow vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden and complete failure; an
utter failure of any kind; a breakdown.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Extreme depression or
sudden failing of all the vital powers, as the result of disease,
injury, or nervous disturbance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lap"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collapsio</i>.] <def>Collapse.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>coler</i>,
<i>coller</i>, OF. <i>colier</i>, F. <i>collier</i>, necklace,
collar, fr. OF. <i>col</i> neck, F. <i>cou</i>, fr. L.
<i>collum</i>; akin to AS. <i>heals</i>, G. &amp; Goth. <i>hals</i>.
Cf. <u>Hals</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something worn round the neck, whether for use, ornament,
restraint, or identification; as, the <i>collar</i> of a coat; a
lady's <i>collar</i>; the <i>collar</i> of a dog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
ring or cincture.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A collar
beam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The neck or line of
junction between the root of a plant and its stem.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An ornament worn round the neck by
knights, having on it devices to designate their rank or
order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A ringlike part of a mollusk in connection with
esophagus.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A colored ring round
the neck of a bird or mammal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A ring or round flange
upon, surrounding, or against an object, and used for restraining
motion within given limits, or for holding something to its
place, or for hiding an opening around an object; as, a
<i>collar</i> on a shaft, used to prevent endwise motion of the
shaft; a <i>collar</i> surrounding a stovepipe at the place where
it enters a wall. The flanges of a piston and the gland of a
stuffing box are sometimes called <i>collars</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An eye formed in the
bight or bend of a shroud or stay to go over the masthead; also,
a rope to which certain parts of rigging, as dead-eyes, are
secured.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A curb, or a
horizontal timbering, around the mouth of a shaft.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Collar beam</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a horizontal
piece of timber connecting and tying together two opposite
rafters; -- also, called simply <i>collar</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Collar of brawn</b></col>, <cd>the quantity of brawn
bound up in one parcel.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Johnson.</i> --
<col><b>Collar day</b></col>, <cd>a day of great ceremony at the
English court, when persons, who are dignitaries of honorary
orders, wear the collars of those orders.</cd> -- <col><b>To slip
the collar</b></col>, <cd>to get free; to disentangle one's self
from difficulty, labor, or engagement.</cd>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"lar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Collared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Collaring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To seize
by the collar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put a collar on.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To collar beef</b></col> (or other meat), <cd>to roll
it up, and bind it close with a string preparatory to cooking
it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Col"lar bone`</hw> (?). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
clavicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"lards</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Corrupted
fr. <i>colewort</i>.] <def>Young cabbage, used as "greens"; esp.
a kind cultivated for that purpose; colewort.</def> [Colloq.
Souther U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Col"lared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wearing a collar.</def> "<i>Collared</i>
with gold."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Wearing a collar; --
said of a man or beast used as a bearing when a collar is
represented as worn around the neck or loins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rolled up and bound close with a
string; as, <i>collared</i> beef. See <i>To collar beef</i>,
under <u>Collar</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being collated.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*late"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Collated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Collating</u>.] [From <u>Collation</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To compare critically, as books or
manuscripts, in order to note the points of agreement or
disagreement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must <i>collage</i> it, word, with the original
Hebrew.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gather and place in order, as the
sheets of a book for binding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To present and
institute in a benefice, when the person presenting is both the
patron and the ordinary; -- followed by <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bestow or confer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*late"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Ecl.)</i>
<def>To place in a benefice, when the person placing is both the
patron and the ordinary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the bishop neglets to <i>collate</i> within six
months, the right to do it devolves on the archbishop.<BR>
<i>Encyc. Brit.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col*lat"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>collateralis</i>; <i>col-</i> + <i>lateralis</i> lateral. See
<u>Lateral</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Coming from, being on,
or directed toward, the side; as, <i>collateral</i>
pressure.</def> "<i>Collateral</i> light."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acting in an indirect way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If by direct or by <i>collateral</i> hand<BR>
They find us touched, we will our kingdom give . . . <BR>
To you in satisfaction.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Related to, but not strictly a part
of, the main thing or matter under consideration; hence,
subordinate; not chief or principal; as, <i>collateral</i>
interest; <i>collateral</i> issues.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That he [Attebury] was altogether in the wrong on
the main question, and on all the <i>collateral</i> questions
springing out of it, . . . is true.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Tending toward the same conclusion or
result as something else; additional; as, <i>collateral</i>
evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet the attempt may give<BR>
<i>Collateral</i> interest to this homely tale.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Genealogy)</i> <def>Descending from the
same stock or ancestor, but not in the same line or branch or one
from the other; -- opposed to <i>lineal</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Lineal</i> descendants proceed one from another in a
direct line; <i>collateral</i> relations spring from a common
ancestor, but from different branches of that common
<i>stirps</i> or stock. Thus the children of brothers are
<i>collateral</i> relations, having different fathers, but a
common grandfather.  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><! p. 278 !></p>

<p><col><b>Collateral assurance</b></col>, <cd>that which is
made, over and above the deed itself.</cd> -- <col><b>Collateral
circulation</b></col> <i>(Med. &amp; Physiol.)</i>, <cd>circulation
established through indirect or subordinate branches when the
supply through the main vessel is obstructed.</cd> --
<col><b>Collateral issue</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An issue taken upon a matter aside from
the merits of the case.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An issue
raised by a criminal convict who pleads any matter allowed by law
in bar of execution, as pardon, diversity of person, etc.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A point raised, on cross-examination,
aside from the issue fixed by the pleadings, as to which the
answer of the witness, when given, cannot subsequently be
contradicted by the party asking the question.</cd> --
<col><b>Collateral security</b></col>, <cd>security for the
performance of covenants, or the payment of money, besides the
principal security,</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Col*lat"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A collateral relative.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Collateral security; that which is
pledged or deposited as collateral security.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lat"er*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Side by side; by the side.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These pulleys . . . placed
<i>collaterally</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In an indirect or subordinate manner;
indirectly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The will hath force upon the conscience
<i>collaterally</i> and indirectly.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In collateral relation; not
lineally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lat"er*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being collateral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>collacioun</i> speech, conference, reflection, OF.
<i>collacion</i>, F. <i>collation</i>, fr. L. <i>collatio</i> a
bringing together, comparing, fr. <i>collatum</i> (used as the
supine of <i>conferre</i>); <i>col-</i> + <i>latium</i> (used as
the supine of <i>ferre</i> to bear), for <i>tlatum</i>. See
<u>Tolerate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of collating or comparing; a comparison of one copy
er thing (as of a book, or manuscript) with another of a like
kind; comparison, in general.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The gathering and
examination of sheets preparatory to binding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of conferring or
bestowing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not by the <i>collation</i> of the king . . . but
by the people.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A conference.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <def>The presentation of
a clergyman to a benefice by a bishop, who has it in his own
gift.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
act of comparing the copy of any paper with its original to
ascertain its conformity.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
report of the act made by the proper officers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The right which an
heir has of throwing the whole heritable and movable estates of
the deceased into one mass, and sharing it equally with others
who are of the same degree of kindred.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This also obtains in the civil law, and is found in the
code of Louisiana.  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Eccles.)</i> <def>A collection of the
Lives of the Fathers or other devout work read daily in
monasteries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A light repast or luncheon; as, a cold
<i>collation</i>; -- first applied to the refreshment on fast
days that accompanied the reading of the collation in
monasteries.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>collation</i> of wine and sweetmeats.<BR>
<i>Whiston.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Collation of seals</b></col> <i>(Old Law)</i>, <cd>a
method of ascertaining the genuinendss of a$seal by'compariog it
with another known to be genuine.</cd>  <i>Bouvier.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Col*la"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To partake
of a collation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>May 20, 1658, I . . . <i>collationed</i> in Spring
Garden.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col*la"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>One who examines the sheets of a book that
has just been printed, to ascertain whether they are correctly
printed, paged, etc.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Col`la*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collatitius</i>. See <u>Collation</u>.] <def>Brought together;
contributed; done by contributions.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*la"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collativus</i> brought together. ] <def>Passing or held by
collation; -- said of livings of which the bishop and the patron
are the same person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*la"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who collates manuscripts, books,
etc.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <def>One who collates to
a benefice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who confers any benefit.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*laud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collaudare</i>; <i>col-</i> + <i>laudare</i> to praise.]
<def>To join in praising.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"league</hw> (k&obreve;l"l&emacr;g),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>coll&egrave;gue</i>, L.
<i>collega</i> one chosen at the same time with another, a
partner in office; <i>col-</i> + <i>legare</i> to send or choose
as deputy. See <u>Legate</u>.] <def>A partner or associate in
some civil or ecclesiastical office or employment. It is never
used of partners in trade or manufactures.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Helper; assistant; coadjutor; ally; associate;
companion; confederate.</p>

<p><hw>Col*league"</hw> (k&obreve;l*l&emacr;g"), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> <def>To unite or associate with another or with
others.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"league*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Partnership in office.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Collected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Collecting</u>.] [L. <i>collecrus</i>, <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> of <i>collerige</i> to bind together; <i>col-</i> +
<i>legere</i> to gather: cf. OF. <i>collecter</i>. See
<u>Legend</u>, and cf. <u>Coil</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<u>Cull</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
gather into one body or place; to assemble or bring together; to
obtain by gathering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A band of men<BR>
<i>Collected</i> choicely from each country.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis memory alone that enriches the mind, by
preserving what our labor and industry daily <i>collect</i>.<BR>
<i>Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To demand and obtain payment of, as an
account, or other indebtedness; as, to <i>collect</i>
taxes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To infer from observed facts; to
conclude from premises.</def> [Archaic.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which sequence, I conceive, is very ill
<i>collected</i>.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To collect one's self</b></col>, <cd>to recover from
surprise, embarrassment, or fear; to regain self-
control.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To gather; assemble; congregate; muster;
accumulate; garner; aggregate; amass; infer; deduce.</p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To assemble together; as, the people <i>collected</i> in a
crowd; to accumulate; as, snow <i>collects</i> in
banks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To infer; to conclude.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whence some <i>collect</i> that the former word
imports a plurality of persons.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"lect</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>collecta</i>,
fr. L. <i>collecta</i> a collection in money; an assemblage, fr.
<i>collerige</i>: cf. F. <i>collecte</i>. See <u>Collect</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A short, comprehensive prayer,
adapted to a particular day, occasion, or condition, and forming
part of a liturgy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The noble poem on the massacres of Piedmont is
strictly a <i>collect</i> in verse.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Col`lec*ta"ne*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[Neut. pl. from L. <i>collectaneus</i> collected, fr.
<i>colligere</i>. See <u>Collect</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Passages selected from various authors, usually for purposes
of instruction; miscellany; anthology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Gathered together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Self-possessed; calm;
composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Composedly; coolly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
collected state of the mind; self-possession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being collected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collectio</i>: cf. F. <i>collection</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of collecting or of gathering; as, the
<i>collection</i> of specimens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is collected</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A gathering or assemblage of objects or
of persons.</def> "A <i>collection</i> of letters."
<i>Macaulay.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A gathering of money
for charitable or other purposes, as by passing a contribution
box for freewill offerings.</def> "The <i>collection</i> for the
saints." <i>1 Cor. xvi. 1</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> (<i>Usually in
pl</i>.) <def>That which is obtained in payment of demands.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>An accumulation of any substance.</def>
"<i>Collections</i> of moisture." <i>Whewell.</i> "A purulent
<i>collection</i>." <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of inferring or concluding
from premises or observed facts; also, that which is
inferred.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We may safely say thus, that wrong
<i>collections</i> have been hitherto made out of those words by
modern divines.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The jurisdiction of a collector of
excise.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gathering; assembly; assemblage; group; crowd;
congregation; mass; heap; compilation.</p>

<p><hw>Col*lec"tion*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to collecting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first twenty-five [years] must have been
wasted for <i>collectional</i> purposes.<BR>
<i>H. A. Merewether.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collectivus</i>: cf. F. <i>collectif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Formed by gathering or collecting; gathered into a mass,
sum, or body; congregated or aggregated; as, the
<u>collective</u> body of a nation.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hoadley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deducing consequences; reasoning;
inferring.</def> [Obs.] "Critical and <i>collective</i> reason."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Expressing a collection
or aggregate of individuals, by a singular form; as, a
<i>collective</i> name or noun, like <i>assembly</i>,
<i>army</i>, <i>jury</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Tending to collect; forming a
collection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Local is his throne . . . to fix a point,<BR>
A central point, <i>collective</i> of his sons.<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having plurality of origin or
authority; as, in diplomacy, a note signed by the representatives
of several governments is called a <i>collective</i>
note.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Collective fruit</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>that
which is formed from a mass of flowers, as the mulberry,
pineapple, and the like; -- called also <i>multiple
fruit</i>.</cd>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>A collective noun or name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
mass, or body; in a collected state; in the aggregate;
unitedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"ive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state
of union; mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"iv*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>collectivisme</i>.] <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i> <def>The doctrine
that land and capital should be owned by society collectively or
as a whole; communism.</def>  <i>W. G. Summer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"iv*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>collectiviste</i>.] <def>An advocate of collectivism.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Relating to, or characteristic of,
collectivism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>collector</i> one who collects: cf. F. <i>collecteur</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who collects things which are
separate; esp., one who makes a business or practice of
collecting works of art, objects in natural history, etc.; as, a
<i>collector</i> of coins.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I digress into Soho to explore a bookstall.
Methinks I have been thirty years a <i>collector</i>.<BR>
<i>Lamb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A compiler of books; one who collects
scattered passages and puts them together in one book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Volumes without the <i>collector's</i> own
reflections.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>An officer appointed and
commissioned to collect and receive customs, duties, taxes, or
toll.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A great part of this is now embezzled . . . by
<i>collectors</i>, and other officers.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One authorized to collect
debts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A bachelor of arts in Oxford, formerly
appointed to superintend some scholastic proceedings in
Lent.</def>  <i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"or*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
district of a collector of customs; a collectorship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lect"or*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office of a collector of customs or of taxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*leg"a*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collegetarius</i>. See <u>Legatary</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
joint legatee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"lege</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>coll&egrave;ge</i>, L. <i>collegium</i>, fr. <i>collega</i>
colleague. See <u>Colleague</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
collection, body, or society of persons engaged in common
pursuits, or having common duties and interests, and sometimes,
by charter, peculiar rights and privileges; as, a <i>college</i>
of heralds; a <i>college</i> of electors; a <i>college</i> of
bishops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>college</i> of the cardinals.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Then they made <i>colleges</i> of sufferers;
persons who, to secure their inheritance in the world to come,
did cut off all their portion in this.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A society of scholars or friends of
learning, incorporated for study or instruction, esp. in the
higher branches of knowledge; as, the <i>colleges</i> of Oxford
and Cambridge Universities, and many American
<i>colleges</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In France and some other parts of continental Europe,
<i>college</i> is used to include schools occupied with
rudimentary studies, and receiving children as pupils.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A building, or number of buildings,
used by a college.</def> "The gate of Trinity <i>College</i>."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A community.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thick as the <i>college</i> of the bees in
May.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>College of justice</b></col>, <cd>a term applied in
Scotland to the supreme civil courts and their principal
officers.</cd> -- <col><b>The sacred college</b></col>, <cd>the
college or cardinals at Rome.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Col*le"gi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>collegialis</i>.] <def>Collegiate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Col*le"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member
of a college, particularly of a literary institution so called; a
student in a college.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*le"gi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collegiatus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a college; as,
<i>collegiate</i> studies; a <i>collegiate</i> society.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Collegiate church</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
church which, although not a bishop's seat, resembles a cathedral
in having a <i>college</i>, or chapter of canons (and, in the
Church of England, a dean), as Westminster Abbey.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An association of churches, possessing
common revenues and administered under the joint pastorate of
several ministers; as, the Reformed (Dutch) <i>Collegiate
Church</i> of New York.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Col*le"gi*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of
a college.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Col*lem"bo*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>ko`lla</grk> glue + <grk>'e`mbolon</grk> wedge, peg;
-- so called from their having collophores.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The division of Thysanura which includes <i>Podura</i>, and
allied forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Col*len"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>ko`lla</grk> glue + &?; an infusion. Formed like
<i>parenchyma</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tissue of vegetable
cells which are thickend at the angles and (usually)
elongated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>collet</i>,
dim. fr. L. <i>collum</i> neck. See <u>Collar</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small collar or neckband.</def>
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A small metal ring; a
small collar fastened on an arbor; as, the <i>collet</i> on the
balance arbor of a watch; a small socket on a stem, for holding a
drill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Jewelry)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The part of a ring containing the bezel in which the stone
is set.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The flat table at the base
of a brilliant. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Brilliant</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How full the <i>collet</i> with his jewel is!<BR>
<i>Cowley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col`le*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the colleterium of
insects.</def>  <i>R. Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Col`le*te"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Colletic</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An organ of female
insects, containing a cement to unite the ejected ova.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*let"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>colleticus</i> suitable for gluing, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to glue,
<grk>ko`lla</grk> glue.] <def>Agglutinant.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An agglutinant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Collie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collidere</i>, <i>collisum</i>; <i>col-</i> + <i>laedere</i>
to strike. See <u>Lesion</u>.] <def>To strike or dash against
each other; to come into collision; to clash; as, the vessels
<i>collided</i>; their interests <i>collided</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Across this space the attraction urges them. They
<i>collide</i>, they recoil, they oscillate.<BR>
<i>Tyndall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No longer rocking and swaying, but clashing and
<i>colliding</i>.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col*lide"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strike or
dash against.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Scintillations are . . . inflammable effluencies
from the bodies <i>collided</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"li*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ko`lla</grk> glue.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a class of
organic bases, C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>11</sub>N, usually pungent oily
liquids, belonging to the pyridine series, and obtained from bone
oil, coal tar, naphtha, and certain alkaloids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"lie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>cuilean</i> whelp, puppy, dog.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Scotch shepherd dog. There are two breeds, the rough-haired and
smooth-haired. It is remarkable for its intelligence, displayed
especially in caring for flocks.</def> [Written also
<i>colly</i>, <i>colley</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Col"lied</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Darkened. See <u>Colly</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Col"lier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>colier</i>. See <u>Coal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
engaged in the business of digging mineral coal or making
charcoal, or in transporting or dealing in coal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel employed in the coal
trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"lier*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Collieries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. <u>Coalery</u>,
<u>Collier</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The place where coal is
dug; a coal mine, and the buildings, etc., belonging to
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The coal trade.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"li*flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cauliflower</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"li*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Colligated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
&  vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Colligating</u>.] [L. <i>colligatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>colligare</i> to collect; <i>co-</i> + <i>ligare</i>
to bind.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tie or bind
together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pieces of isinglass are <i>colligated</i> in
rows.<BR>
<i>Nicholson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>To bring together by
colligation; to sum up in a single proposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had discovered and <i>colligated</i> a
multitude of the most wonderful . . . phenomena.<BR>
<i>Tundall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"li*gate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bound
together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`li*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>colligatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A binding
together.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>That process by which a
number of isolated facts are brought under one conception, or
summed up in a general proposition, as when Kepler discovered
that the various observed positions of the planet Mars were
points in an ellipse.</def> "The <i>colligation</i> of facts."
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Colligation</i> is not always induction, but
induction is always <i>colligation</i>.<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"li*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Collimated</u>; <pos><i>p. p.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Collimating</u>.] [See <u>Collimation</u>.]
<i>(Physics &amp; Astron.)</i> <def>To render parallel to a certain
line or direction; to bring into the same line, as the axes of
telescopes, etc.; to render parallel, as rays of light.</def></p>

<p><! p. 279 !></p>

<p><col><b>Collimating eyepiece</b></col>, <cd>an eyepiece with a
diagonal reflector for illumination, used to determine the error
of collimation in a transit instrument by observing the image of
a cross wire reflected from mercury, and comparing its position
in the field with that of the same wire seen directly.</cd> --
<col><b>Collimating lens</b></col> <i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>a lens
used for producing parallel rays of light.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Col`li*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>collimation</i>, fr. a false reading (<i>collimare</i>) for L.
<i>collineare</i> to direct in a straight line; <i>col-</i> +
linea line. Cf. <u>Collineation</u>.] <def>The act of
collimating; the adjustment of the line of the sights, as the
axial line of the telescope of an instrument, into its proper
position relative to the other parts of the instrument.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Error of collimation</b></col>, <cd>the deviation of
the line collimation of an astronomical instrument from the
position it ought to have with respect to the axis of motion of
the instrument.</cd> -- <col><b>Line of collimation</b></col>,
<cd>the axial line of the telescope of an astronomical or
geodetic instrument, or the line which passes through the optical
center of the object glass and the intersection of the cross
wires at its focus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Col"li*ma`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A telescope arranged and
used to determine errors of collimation, both vertical and
horizontal.</def>  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Optics)</i> <def>A tube having a convex
lens at one end and at the other a small opening or slit which is
at the principal focus of the lens, used for producing a beam of
parallel rays; also, a lens so used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ko`lla</grk> glue.] <def>A very pure form of
gelatin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>colline</i>, fr. L. <i>collis</i> a hill.] <def>A small hill
or mount.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And watered park, full of fine <i>collines</i> and
ponds.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col*lin`e*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collineare</i> to direct in a straight line. See
<u>Collimation</u>.] <def>The act of aiming at, or directing in a
line with, a fixed object.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coll"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Coll</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>An embrace; dalliance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coll"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
embraces.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*lin"gual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having,
or pertaining to, the same language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*liq"ua*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable
to melt, grow soft, or become fluid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*liq"ua*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
first rudiments of an embryo in generation.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"li*quate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Colliquated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Colliquating</u>.] [Pref. <i>col-</i> +
L. <i>liquare</i>, <i>liquatum</i>, to melt.] <def>To change from
solid to fluid; to make or become liquid; to melt.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The ore of it is <i>colliquated</i> by the
violence of the fire.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>[Ice] will <i>colliquate</i> in water or warm
oil.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col`li*qua"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A melting together; the act of melting;
fusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When sand and ashes are well melted together and
suffered to cool, there is generated, by the <i>colliquation</i>,
that sort of concretion we call "glass".<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A processive wasting or
melting away of the solid parts of the animal system with copious
excretions of liquids by one or more passages.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Col*liq"ua*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Causing rapid waste or exhaustion; melting; as,
<i>colliquative</i> sweats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*liq`ue*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>colliquefactus</i> melted; <i>col-</i> + <i>liquefacere</i>;
<i>liqu&emacr;re</i> to be liquid + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>A melting together; the reduction of different bodies into
one mass by fusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The incorporation of metals by simple
<i>colliquefaction</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"lish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Shoemaking)</i> <def>A tool to polish the edge of a
sole.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*li"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collisio</i>, fr. <i>collidere</i>. See <u>Collide</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of striking together; a striking
together, as of two hard bodies; a violent meeting, as of
railroad trains; a clashing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of opposition; antagonism;
interference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>collision</i> of contrary false
principles.<BR>
<i>Bp. Warburton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Sensitive to the most trifling
<i>collisions</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Conflict; clashing; encounter; opposition.</p>

<p><hw>Col*li"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Colliding;
clashing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Col*lit"i*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Disputing or wrangling.</def> [Obs.] -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who litigates or wrangles.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Col"lo*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collocatus</i>, p. p. of <i>collocare</i>. See <u>Couch</u>.]
<def>Set; placed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"lo*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Collocated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Collocating</u> (?).] <def>To set or
place; to set; to station.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>To marshal and <i>collocate</i> in order his
battalions.<BR>
<i>E. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col`lo*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collocatio</i>.] <def>The act of placing; the state of being
placed with something else; disposition in place;
arrangement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The choice and <i>collocation</i> of words.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Jones.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col`lo*cu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collocutio</i>, fr. <i>colloqui</i>, <i>-locutum</i>, to
converse; <i>col-</i> + <i>loqui</i> to speak. See
<u>Loquacious</u>.] <def>A speaking or conversing together;
conference; mutual discourse.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"lo*cu`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collocutor</i>] <def>One of the speakers in a dialogue.</def>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*lo"di*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; like
glue; <grk>ko`lla</grk> glue + &?; form. Cf. <u>Colloid</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A solution of pyroxylin (soluble gun cotton)
in ether containing a varying proportion of alcohol. It is
strongly adhesive, and is used by surgeons as a coating for
wounds; but its chief application is as a vehicle for the
sensitive film in photography.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Collodion process</b></col> <i>(Photog.)</i>, <cd>a
process in which a film of sensitized collodion is used in
preparing the plate for taking a picture.</cd> -- <col><b>Styptic
collodion</b></col>, <cd>collodion containing an astringent, as
tannin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Col*lo"di*on*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
prepare or treat with collodion.</def>  <i>R. Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*lo"di*o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
picture obtained by the collodion process; a melanotype or
ambrotype.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lo"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Collodion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*logue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>colloqui</i> and E. <i>dialogue</i>. Cf. <u>Collocution</u>.]
<def>To talk or confer secretly and confidentially; to converse,
especially with evil intentions; to plot mischief.</def> [Archaic
or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pray go in; and, sister, salve the matter,<BR>
<i>Collogue</i> with her again, and all shall be well.<BR>
<i>Greene.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He had been <i>colloguing</i> with my wife.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ko`lla</grk> glue + <i>-oid</i>. Cf. <u>Collodion</u>.]
<def>Resembling glue or jelly; characterized by a jellylike
appearance; gelatinous; as, <i>colloid</i> tumors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A substance (as albumin, gum,
gelatin, etc.) which is of a gelatinous rather than a crystalline
nature, and which diffuses itself through animal membranes or
vegetable parchment more slowly than crystalloids do; -- opposed
to <i>crystalloid</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A gelatinous substance
found in colloid degeneration and colloid cancer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Styptic colloid</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
preparation of astringent and antiseptic substances with some
colloid material, as collodion, for ready use.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Col*loid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or of the nature of, colloids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`loi*dal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being colloidal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain
origin; cf. OF. <i>colp</i> blow, stroke, piece, F. <i>coup</i>,
fr. L. <i>colophus</i> buffet, cuff, Gr. &?;] [Written also
<i>colp</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small slice of meat; a
piece of flesh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God knows thou art a <i>collop</i> of my
flesh.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweetbread and <i>collops</i> were with skewers
pricked.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part or piece of anything; a
portion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cut two good <i>collops</i> out of the crown
land.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"loped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
ridges or bunches of flesh, like collops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With that red, gaunt, and <i>colloped</i> neck
astrain.<BR>
<i>R. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"lo*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ko`lla</grk> glue + &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A suckerlike organ at the base of the
abdomen of insects belonging to the Collembola.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An adhesive marginal organ of the
Lucernariae.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lo"qui*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Colloqui</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or used in, conversation,
esp. common and familiar conversation; conversational; hence,
unstudied; informal; as, <i>colloquial</i> intercourse;
<i>colloquial</i> phrases; a <i>colloquial</i> style.</def> --
<wf>Col*lo"qui*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>His [Johnson's] <i>colloquial</i> talents were,
indeed, of the highest order.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col*lo"qui*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
colloquial expression, not employed in formal discourse or
writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*lo"qui*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make colloquial and familiar; as, to <i>colloquialize</i>
one's style of writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"lo*quist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A speaker
in a colloquy or dialogue.</def>  <i>Malone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"lo*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Colloquies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>colloquium</i>. See
<u>Collocution</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mutual discourse of
two or more persons; conference; conversation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They went to Worms, to the <i>colloquy</i> there
about religion.<BR>
<i>A. Wood.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In some American colleges, a part in
exhibitions, assigned for a certain scholarship rank; a
designation of rank in collegiate scholarship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Soot; smut.
See 1st <u>Colly</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Col*luc"tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>colluctari</i> to struggle with.] <def>A struggling to resist;
a striving against; resistance; opposition of nature.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Col`luc*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>colluctatio</i>, fr. <i>colluctari</i> to struggle with;
<i>col-</i> + <i>luctari</i> to struggle.] <def>A struggling; a
contention.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Colluctation</i> with old hags and
hobgoblins.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col*lude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Colluded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Colluding</u>.] [L. <i>colludere</i>, <i>-
lusum</i>; <i>col-</i> + <i>ludere</i> to play. See
<u>Ludicrous</u>.] <def>To have secretly a joint part or share in
an action; to play into each other's hands; to conspire; to act
in concert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If they let things take their course, they will be
represented as <i>colluding</i> with sedition.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col*lud"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
conspires in a fraud.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Col"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Colla</b></plw> (#). [L., neck.] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A neck or cervix.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Collar</u>.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col*lu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collusio</i>: cf. F. <i>collusion</i>. See <u>Collude</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A secret agreement and cooperation for a
fraudulent or deceitful purpose; a playing into each other's
hands; deceit; fraud; cunning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The foxe, maister of <i>collusion</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That they [miracles] be done publicly, in the face
of the world, that there may be no room to suspect artifice and
<i>collusion</i>.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By the ignorance of the merchants or dishonesty of
the weavers, or the <i>collusion</i> of both, the ware was bad
and the price excessive.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An agreement between two
or more persons to defraud a person of his rights, by the forms
of law, or to obtain an object forbidden by law.</def>
<i>Bouvier. Abbott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Collusion</u>, <u>Connivance</u>.  A person
who is guilty of <i>connivance</i> intentionally overlooks, and
thus sanctions what he was bound to prevent. A person who is
guilty of <i>collusion</i> unites with others (playing into their
hands) for fraudulent purposes.</p>

<p><hw>Col*lu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by collusion; done or
planned in collusion.</def> "<i>Collusive</i> and sophistical
arguings." <i>J. Trapp.</i>  "<i>Collusive</i> divorces."
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acting in collusion.</def>
"<i>Collusive parties</i>." <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Col*lu"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Col*lu"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Col*lu"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>collusorius</i>.] <def>Collusive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"lu*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>colluere</i>, <i>collutum</i>, to wash.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicated wash for the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Coal</u>.]
<def>The black grime or soot of coal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Col"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Collied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Collying</u>.] <def>To render black or dark, as
of with coal smut; to begrime.</def> [Archaic.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast not <i>collied</i> thy face enough.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Brief as the lighting in the <i>collied</i>
night.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of dog.
See <u>Collie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"ly*bist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; a small coin.] <def>A money changer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the face of these guilty <i>collybists</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col*lyr"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Collyriums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Collyria</b></plw>
(#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An application to the
eye, usually an eyewater.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Col`o*co"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American wild cat (<i>Felis
colocolo</i>), of the size of the ocelot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"ocynth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>colocynthis</i>, Gr. &?;. Cf. <u>Coloquintida</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The light spongy pulp of the fruit of the
bitter cucumber (<i>Citrullus, or Cucumis, colocynthis</i>), an
Asiatic plant allied to the watermelon; coloquintida. It comes in
white balls, is intensely bitter, and a powerful cathartic.
Called also <i>bitter apple</i>, <i>bitter cucumber</i>,
<i>bitter gourd</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`o*cyn"thin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>colocynthine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The active medicinal
principle of colocynth; a bitter, yellow, crystalline substance,
regarded as a glucoside.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*logne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Originally made
in <i>Cologne</i>, the French name of K&ouml;ln, a city in
Germany.] <def>A perfumed liquid, composed of alcohol and certain
aromatic oils, used in the toilet; -- called also <i>cologne
water</i> and <i>eau de cologne</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*logne" earth`</hw> (?). [From <i>Cologne</i> the city.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>An earth of a deep brown color, containing
more vegetable than mineral matter; an earthy variety of lignite,
or brown coal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"om*bier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
large size of paper for drawings. See under
<u>Paper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*lom"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Calumbin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*lom"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Calumba</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>colon</i>,
<i>colum</i>, limb, member, the largest of the intestines, fr.
Gr. &?;, and in sense of the intestine, &?;: cf. F. <i>colon</i>.
Cf. <u>Colic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>That
part of the large intestines which extends from the c&aelig;cum
to the rectum. [See <i>Illust</i> of <u>Digestion</u>.]</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A point or character,
formed thus [:], used to separate parts of a sentence that are
complete in themselves and nearly independent, often taking the
place of a conjunction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Colo"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>colonel</i>, It. <i>colonello</i>, prop., the chief or
commander of a column, fr. <i>colonna</i> column, L.
<i>columna</i>. See <u>Column</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The chief
officer of a regiment; an officer ranking next above a lieutenant
colonel and next below a brigadier general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Colo"nel*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>The office, rank, or commission of a colonel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Colo"nel*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Colonelcy.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"o*ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
colonist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*lo"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>colonial</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a colony; as,
<i>colonial</i> rights, traffic, wars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*lon"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>colonus</i> husbandman.] <def>Of or pertaining to
husbandmen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Col"o*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member or
inhabitant of a colony.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Col`o*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <u>Colitis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`o*ni*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>colonisation</i>.] <def>The act of colonizing, or the state of
being colonized; the formation of a colony or colonies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wide continent of America invited
<i>colonization</i>.<BR>
<i>Bancroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col`o*ni*za"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
friend to colonization, esp. (U. S. Hist) to the colonization of
Africa by emigrants from the colored population of the United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"o*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Colonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Colonizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>coloniser</i>.]
<def>To plant or establish a colony or colonies in; to people
with colonists; to migrate to and settle in.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They that would thus <i>colonize</i> the stars
with inhabitants.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"o*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To remove
to, and settle in, a distant country; to make a colony.</def>
<i>C. Buchanan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"o*ni`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
promotes or establishes a colony; a colonist.</def>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col`on*nade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>colonnade</i>, It. <i>colonnata</i>, fr. <i>colonna</i>
column. See <u>Colonel</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A series or
range of columns placed at regular intervals with all the
adjuncts, as entablature, stylobate, roof, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When in front of a building, it is called <i>a
portico</i>; when surrounding a building or an open court or
square, a <i>peristyle</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Col"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Colonies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>colonia</i>, fr.
<i>colonus</i> farmer, fr. <i>colere</i> to cultivate, dwell: cf.
F. <i>colonie</i>. Cf. <u>Culture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
company of people transplanted from their mother country to a
remote province or country, and remaining subject to the
jurisdiction of the parent state; as, the British <i>colonies</i>
in America.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first settlers of New England were the best of
Englishmen, well educated, devout Christians, and zealous lovers
of liberty. There was never a <i>colony</i> formed of better
materials.<BR>
<i>Ames.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The district or country colonized; a
settlement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A company of persons from the same
country sojourning in a foreign city or land; as, the American
<i>colony</i> in Paris.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>A number of
animals or plants living or growing together, beyond their usual
range.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"o*pha`ny</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Colophony</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"lo*phene</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, oily liquid, formerly obtained
by distillation of colophony. It is regarded as a polymeric form
of terebenthene. Called also <i>diterebene</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 280 !></p>

<p><hw>Col"o*phon</hw> (k&obreve;l"&osl;*f&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>colophon</i> finishing stroke, Gr.
<grk>kolofw`n</grk>; cf. L. <i>culmen</i> top, <i>collis</i>
hill. Cf. <u>Holm</u>.] <def>An inscription, monogram, or cipher,
containing the place and date of publication, printer's name,
etc., formerly placed on the last page of a book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>colophon</i>, or final description, fell
into disuse, and . . . the title page had become the principal
direct means of identifying the book.<BR>
<i>De Morgan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The book was uninjured from title page to
<i>colophon</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"o*pho*nite</hw> (k&obreve;l"&osl;*f&osl;*n&imacr;t
<i>or</i> k&osl;*l&obreve;f"&osl;*n&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>colophonite</i>. So named from
its resemblance to the color of <i>colophony</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A coarsely granular variety of garnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"o*pho`ny</hw> (k&obreve;l"&osl;*f&omacr;*n&ybreve;
<i>or</i> k&osl;*l&obreve;f"&osl;*n&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'h kolofwni`a</grk> (sc.
<grk>"rhti`nh</grk> resin, gum) resin, fr. <grk>Kolofw`nios</grk>
of or from Colophon in Ionia.] <def>Rosin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`o*quin"ti*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Colocynth</u>.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>colour</i>.] [OF. <i>color</i>, <i>colur</i>, <i>colour</i>,
F. <i>couleur</i>, L. <i>color</i>; prob. akin to <i>celare</i>
to conceal (the color taken as that which covers). See
<u>Helmet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A property depending on
the relations of light to the eye, by which individual and
specific differences in the hues and tints of objects are
apprehended in vision; as, gay <i>colors</i>; sad <i>colors</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The sensation of <i>color</i> depends upon a peculiar
function of the retina or optic nerve, in consequence of which
rays of light produce different effects according to the length
of their waves or undulations, waves of a certain length
producing the sensation of red, shorter waves green, and those
still shorter blue, etc. White, or ordinary, light consists of
waves of various lengths so blended as to produce no effect of
color, and the <i>color</i> of objects depends upon their power
to absorb or reflect a greater or less proportion of the rays
which fall upon them.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any hue distinguished from white or
black.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The hue or color characteristic of
good health and spirits; ruddy complexion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give <i>color</i> to my pale cheek.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is used to give color; a
paint; a pigment; as, oil <i>colors</i> or water
<i>colors</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which covers or hides the real
character of anything; semblance; excuse; disguise;
appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They had let down the boat into the sea, under
<i>color</i> as though they would have cast anchors out of the
foreship.<BR>
<i>Acts xxvii. 30.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That he should die is worthy policy;<BR>
But yet we want a <i>color</i> for his death.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Shade or variety of character; kind;
species.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Boys and women are for the most part cattle of
this <i>color</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A distinguishing badge, as a flag or
similar symbol (usually in the plural); as, the <i>colors</i> or
<i>color</i> of a ship or regiment; the <i>colors</i> of a race
horse (that is, of the cap and jacket worn by the
jockey).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the United States each regiment of infantry and
artillery has two <i>colors</i>, one national and one
regimental.<BR>
<i>Farrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An apparent right; as
where the defendant in trespass gave to the plaintiff an
appearance of title, by stating his title specially, thus
removing the cause from the jury to the court.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Color</i> is <i>express</i> when it is averred in
the pleading, and <i>implied</i> when it is implied in the
pleading.</p>

<p><col><b>Body color</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Body</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Color blindness</b></col>, <cd>total or partial
inability to distinguish or recognize colors. See
<u>Daltonism</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Complementary color</b></col>,
<cd>one of two colors so related to each other that when blended
together they produce white light; -- so called because each
color makes up to the other what it lacks to make it white.
Artificial or pigment colors, when mixed, produce effects
differing from those of the primary colors, in consequence of
partial absorption.</cd> -- <col><b>Of color</b></col> (as
persons, races, etc.), <cd>not of the white race; -- commonly
meaning, esp. in the United States, of negro blood, pure or
mixed.</cd> -- <col><b>Primary colors</b></col>, <cd>those
developed from the solar beam by the prism, viz., red, orange,
yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet, which are reduced by
some authors to three, -- red, green, and violet-blue. These
three are sometimes called <i>fundamental colors</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Subjective</b></col> or <col><b>Accidental
color</b></col>, <cd>a false or spurious color seen in some
instances, owing to the persistence of the luminous impression
upon the retina, and a gradual change of its character, as where
a wheel perfectly white, and with a circumference regularly
subdivided, is made to revolve rapidly over a dark object, the
teeth of the wheel appear to the eye of different shades of color
varying with the rapidity of rotation. See <i>Accidental
colors</i>, under <u>Accidental</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Col"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Colored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coloring</u>.] [F. <i>colorer</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To change or alter the hue or tint of, by
dyeing, staining, painting, etc.; to dye; to tinge; to paint; to
stain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rays, to speak properly, are not
<i>colored</i>; in them there is nothing else than a certain
power and disposition to stir up a sensation of this or that
color.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change or alter, as if by dyeing or
painting; to give a false appearance to; usually, to give a
specious appearance to; to cause to appear attractive; to make
plausible; to palliate or excuse; as, the facts were
<i>colored</i> by his prejudices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>colors</i> the falsehood of &AElig;neas by
an express command from Jupiter to forsake the queen.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That by his fellowship he <i>color</i> might<BR>
Both his estate and love from skill of any wight.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"or</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To acquire
color; to turn red, especially in the face; to blush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"or*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Specious;
plausible; having an appearance of right or justice.</def>
"<i>Colorable</i> pretense for infidelity." <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Col"or*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Col"or*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Colorable</i> and subtle crimes, that seldom
are taken within the walk of human justice.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col`o*ra"do bee"tle</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
yellowish beetle (<i>Doryphora decemlineata</i>), with ten
longitudinal, black, dorsal stripes. It has migrated eastwards
from its original habitat in Colorado, and is very destructive to
the potato plant; -- called also <i>potato beetle</i> and
<i>potato bug</i>. See <u>Potato beetle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`o*ra"do group</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
subdivision of the cretaceous formation of western North America,
especially developed in Colorado and the upper Missouri
region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`o*ra"do*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Mercury telluride, an iron-black metallic
mineral, found in Colorado.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"or*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coloratus</i>, p. p. of <i>colorare</i> to color.]
<def>Colored.</def> [Obs.] <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col`or*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or art of coloring; the state of being colored.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The females . . . resemble each other in their
general type of <i>coloration</i>.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"or*a*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>coloratur</i>, fr. LL. <i>coloratura</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Vocal music <i>colored</i>, as it were, by florid ornaments,
runs, or rapid passages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"or-blind</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected
with color blindness. See <i>Color blindness</i>, under
<u>Color</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Col"ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having color; tinged; dyed; painted; stained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lime rod, <i>colored</i> as the glede.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>colored</i> rainbow arched wide.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specious; plausible; adorned so as to
appear well; as, a highly <i>colored</i> description.</def>
<i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>colored</i> crime with craft to cloke.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of some other color than black or
white.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Of some other color
than white; specifically applied to negroes or persons having
negro blood; as, a <i>colored</i> man; the <i>colored</i>
people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of some other color than
green.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Colored</i>, meaning, as applied to foliage, of
some other color than green.<BR>
<i>Gray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In botany, green is not regarded as a color, but white
is. <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col`or*if"ic</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>color</i> color + <i>facere</i> to make: cf. F.
<i>colorifique</i>.] <def>Capable of communicating color or tint
to other bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`or*im"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Color</i> + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>colorim&egrave;tre</i>.]
<def>An instrument for measuring the depth of the color of
anything, especially of a liquid, by comparison with a standard
liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"or*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of applying color to; also, that
which produces color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Change of appearance as by addition of
color; appearance; show; disguise; misrepresentation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tell the whole story without <i>coloring</i> or
gloss.<BR>
<i>Compton Reade.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Dead coloring</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Dead</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Col"or*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>coloriste</i>.] <def>One who colors; an artist who excels in
the use of colors; one to whom coloring is of prime
importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Titian, Paul Veronese, Van Dyck, and the rest of
the good <i>colorists</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Col"or*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Without color; not distinguished by any hue; transparent;
as, <i>colorless</i> water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from any manifestation of partial
or peculiar sentiment or feeling; not disclosing likes, dislikes,
prejudice, etc.; as, <i>colorless</i> music; a <i>colorless</i>
style; definitions should be <i>colorless</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"or*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Colormen</b></plw> (#). <def>A vender of paints,
etc.</def> <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"or ser"geant</hw>. <def>See under
<u>Sergeant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*los"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>colossal</i>, L. <i>colosseus</i>. See <u>Colossus</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of enormous size; gigantic; huge; as, a
<i>colossal</i> statue.</def> "A <i>colossal</i> stride."
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Sculpture &amp; Painting)</i> <def>Of a
size larger than heroic. See <u>Heroic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`os*se"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Colossal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Col`os*se"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Neut., fr. L.
<i>colosseus</i> gigantic. See <u>Coliseum</u>.] <def>The
amphitheater of Vespasian in Rome.</def> [Also written
<i>Coliseum</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Co*los"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Colossi</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Colossuses</b></plw>
(#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A statue of
gigantic size. The name was especially applied to certain famous
statues in antiquity, as the <i>Colossus</i> of Nero in Rome, the
<i>Colossus</i> of Apollo at Rhodes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He doth bestride the narrow world<BR>
Like a <i>colossus</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; There is no authority for the statement that the legs
of the Colossus at Rhodes extended over the mouth of the harbor.
<i>Dr. Wm. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any man or beast of gigantic
size.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*los"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
biestings.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The first milk
secreted after delivery; biestings.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A mixture of turpentine and the yolk of an egg, formerly
used as an emulsion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*lot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; colon
+ &?; cutting.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An operation for opening the
colon</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"our</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Color</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Colp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Collop</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"por`tage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The
distribution of religious books, tracts, etc., by
colporteurs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"por`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Colporteur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"por`teur</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>colporteur</i> one who carries on his neck, fr.
<i>colporter</i> to carry on one's neck; <i>col</i> (L.
<i>collum</i>) neck + <i>porter</i> (L. <i>portare</i>) to
carry.] <def>A hawker; specifically, one who travels about
selling and distributing religious tracts and books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"staff`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>col</i>
neck + E. <i>staff</i>. Cf. <u>Coll</u>.] <def>A staff by means
of which a burden is borne by two persons on their
shoulders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Colt</hw> (?; 110), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>colt</i>
a young horse, ass, or camel, AS. <i>colt</i>; cf. dial. Sw.
<i>kullt</i> a boy, lad.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The young of
the equine genus or horse kind of animals; -- sometimes
distinctively applied to the male, <i>filly</i> being the female.
Cf. <u>Foal</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In sporting circles it is usual to reckon the age of
colts from some arbitrary date, as from January 1, or May 1, next
preceding the birth of the animal.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young, foolish fellow.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A short knotted rope formerly used as
an instrument of punishment in the navy.</def> <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Colt's tooth</b></col>, <cd>an imperfect or
superfluous tooth in young horses.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast one's
colt's tooth</b></col>, <cd>to cease from youthful
wantonness.</cd> "Your <i>colt's tooth</i> is not cast yet."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To have a colt's tooth</b></col>, <cd>to
be wanton.</cd> <i>Chaucer.</i> </p>

<p><hw>Colt</hw> (?; 110), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To frisk
or frolic like a colt; to act licentiously or wantonly.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They shook off their bridles and began to
<i>colt</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Colt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To horse; to get with young.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To befool.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>culter</i>,
fr. L. <i>culter</i> plowshare, knife. Cf. <u>Cutlass</u>.]
<def>A knife or cutter, attached to the beam of a plow to cut the
sward, in advance of the plowshare and moldboard.</def> [Written
also <i>coulter</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Colt"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a colt;
wanton; frisky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was all <i>coltish</i>, full of ragery.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Colt"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Colt"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Colts"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A perennial herb (<i>Tussilago Farfara</i>), whose leaves
and rootstock are sometimes employed in medicine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Butterbur coltsfoot</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
European plant (<i>Petasites vulgaris</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Colt's" tooth`</hw> (?). <def>See under
<u>Colt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Col"u*ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
serpent.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of harmless
serpents.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Linn&aelig;us placed in this genus all serpents,
whether venomous or not, whose scales beneath the tail are
arranged in pairs; but by modern writers it is greatly
restricted.</p>

<p><hw>Col"u*brine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>colubrinus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>like or related to snakes of the genus Coluber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a snake; cunning; crafty.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Co*lu"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. an
aboriginal name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A peculiar East Indian
mammal (<i>Galleopithecus volans</i>), having along the sides,
connecting the fore and hind limbs, a parachutelike membrane, by
means of which it is able to make long leaps, like the flying
squirrel; -- called also <i>flying lemur</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Calumba</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*lum"b&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; [L.
<i>columba</i> pigeon.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
birds, including the pigeons.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Col`um*ba"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Columbaria</b></plw> (#) [L. See
<u>Columbary</u>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A dovecote or pigeon house.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
sepulchral chamber with niches for holding cinerary
urns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"um*ba*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Columbaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>columbarium</i>, fr.
<i>columba</i> a dove.] <def>A dovecote; a pigeon house.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>colombate</i>. See <u>Columbium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of columbic acid; a niobate. See <u>Columbium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"batz fly`</hw> (?). [From <i>Kolumbatz</i>, a
mountain in Germany.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Buffalo
fly</i>, under <u>Buffalo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Col`um*bel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim.
of L. <i>columba</i> a dove. So called from a fancied resemblance
in color and form, of some species.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of univalve shells, abundant in tropical seas. Some
species, as <i>Columbella mercatoria</i>, were formerly used as
shell money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>America;
the United States; -- a poetical appellation given in honor of
<i>Columbus</i>, the discoverer.</def> <i>Dr. T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"bi*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Columbia</i> the United States.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A form of
seacoast cannon; a long, chambered gun designed for throwing shot
or shells with heavy charges of powder, at high angles of
elevation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Since the War of 1812 the <i>Columbiad</i> has been
much modified, especially by General Rodman, and the improved
form now used in seacoast defense is often called the <i>Rodman
gun</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"bi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Columbia</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the United States, or
to America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Columbium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
containing, columbium or niobium; niobic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Columbic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a weak
acid derived from columbic or niobic oxide,
Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>; -- called also <i>niobic
acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"bic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Columbo</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or derived from, the columbo
root.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Columbic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an organic
acid extracted from the columbo root as a bitter, yellow,
amorphous substance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"bi*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Colombier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"um*bif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Columbium</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing or containing
columbium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white, crystalline, bitter substance. See
<u>Calumbin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"um*bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>columbinus</i>, fr. <i>columba</i> dove.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a dove; dovelike; dove-colored.</def>
"<i>Columbine</i> innocency." <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"um*bine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>LL</i>.
<i>columbina</i>, L. <i>columbinus</i> dovelike, fr.
<i>columba</i> dove: cf. F. <i>colombine</i>. Perh. so called
from the beaklike spurs of its flowers.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of several species of the genus
<i>Aquilegia</i>; as, <i>A. vulgaris</i>, or the common garden
columbine; <i>A. Canadensis</i>, the wild red columbine of North
America.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mistress or sweetheart of
Harlequin in pantomimes.</def> <i>Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>colombite</i>. See <u>Columbium</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral of a black color, submetallic luster, and high specific
specific gravity. It is a niobate (or columbate) of iron and
manganese, containing tantalate of iron; -- first found in New
England.</def></p>

<p><! p. 281 !></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"bi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Columbia</i> America.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare element of
the vanadium group, first found in a variety of the mineral
columbite occurring in Connecticut, probably at Haddam. Atomic
weight 94.2. Symbol Cb or Nb. Now more commonly called
<i>niobium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Calumba</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`u*mel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., dim. of
<i>columen</i> column. See <u>Column</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An axis to which a carpel
of a compound pistil may be attached, as in the case of the
geranium; or which is left when a pod opens.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd><def>A columnlike axis in the capsules of
mosses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A term applied to
various columnlike parts; as, the <i>columella</i>, or
epipterygoid bone, in the skull of many lizards; the
<i>columella</i> of the ear, the bony or cartilaginous rod
connecting the tympanic membrane with the internal ear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The upright pillar in the axis of most univalve
shells.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The central pillar or axis
of the calicles of certain corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`u*mel"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Columella</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like a little
column, or columella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"umn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>columna</i>,
fr. <i>columen</i>, <i>culmen</i>, fr. <i>cellere</i> (used only
in comp.), akin to E. <i>excel</i>, and prob. to <i>holm</i>.
<i>See</i> <u>Holm</u>, and cf. <u>Colonel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A kind of pillar; a
cylindrical or polygonal support for a roof, ceiling, statue,
etc., somewhat ornamented, and usually composed of base, shaft,
and capital. See <u>Order</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling, in form or
position, a column in architecture; an upright body or mass; a
shaft or obelisk; as, a <i>column</i> of air, of water, of
mercury, etc.; the <i>Column</i> Vend&ocirc;me; the spinal
<i>column</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
body of troops formed in ranks, one behind the other; --
contradistinguished from <i>line</i>. Compare <u>Ploy</u>, and
<u>Deploy</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small
army.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A number of ships so
arranged as to follow one another in single or double file or in
squadrons; -- in distinction from "line", where they are side by
side.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A perpendicular set of
lines, not extending across the page, and separated from other
matter by a rule or blank space; as, a <i>column</i> in a
newspaper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>A perpendicular line
of figures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The body formed by the
union of the stamens in the Mallow family, or of the stamens and
pistil in the orchids.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Attached column</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Attach</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> </cd> -- <col><b>Clustered
column</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cluster</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> </cd> -- <col><b>Column rule</b></col>, <cd>a thin
strip of brass separating columns of type in the form, and making
a line between them in printing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"*nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>columnaris</i>, fr. <i>columna</i>.] <def>Formed in columns;
having the form of a column or columns; like the shaft of a
column.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Columnar epithelium</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>epithelium in which the cells are prismatic in form, and set
upright on the surface they cover.</cd> -- <col><b>Columnar
structure</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a structure consisting of
more or less regular columns, usually six-sided, but sometimes
with eight or more sides. The columns are often fractured
transversely, with a cup joint, showing a concave surface above.
This structure is characteristic of certain igneous rocks, as
basalt, and is due to contraction in cooling. </cd></p>

<p><hw>Col`um*nar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being columnar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"na*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
columns; as, <i>columnated</i> temples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"umned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
columns.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Troas and Ilion's <i>columned</i> citadel.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum`ni*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
employment or arrangement of columns in a structure.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*lure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Colures</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>colure</i>, L.
<i>coluri</i>, pl., fr. Gr. <grk>ko`loyros</grk> dock-tailed,
<grk>a"i ko`loyroi</grk> (sc. <grk>grammai`</grk> lines) the
colures; fr. <grk>ko`los</grk> docked, stunted +
<grk>o'yra`</grk> tail. So named because a part is always beneath
the horizon.] <i>(Astron. &amp; Geog.)</i> <def>One of two great
circles intersecting at right angles in the poles of the equator.
One of them passes through the equinoctial points, and hence is
denominated the <i>equinoctial</i> colure; the other intersects
the equator at the distance of 90&deg; from the former, and is
called the <i>solstitial</i> colure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thrice the equinoctial line<BR>
He circled; four times crossed the car of night<BR>
From pole to pole, traversing each <i>colure</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Colies</b></plw> (#). [NL. <i>colius</i>, prob. fr. Gr.
&?; a kind of woodpecker.] <def>Any bird of the genus
<i>Colius</i> and allied genera. They inhabit Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. D.
<i>koolzaad</i>, prop., cabbage seed; <i>kool</i> (akin to E.
<i>cole</i>) + <i>zaad</i>, akin to E. <i>seed</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A variety of cabbage (<i>Brassica
oleracea</i>), cultivated for its seeds, which yield an oil
valued for illuminating and lubricating purposes; summer
rape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com-</hw>. <def>A prefix from the Latin preposition
<i>cum</i>, signifying <i>with</i>, <i>together</i>, <i>in
conjunction</i>, <i>very</i>, etc. It is used in the form <i>com-
</i> before <i>b</i>, <i>m</i>, <i>p</i>, and sometimes <i>f</i>,
and by assimilation becomes <i>col-</i> before <i>l</i>, <i>cor-
</i> before <i>r</i>, and <i>con-</i> before any consonant except
<i>b</i>, <i>h</i>, <i>l</i>, <i>m</i>, <i>p</i>, <i>r</i>, and
<i>w</i>. Before a vowel <i>com-</i> becomes <i>co-</i>; also
before <i>h</i>, <i>w</i>, and sometimes before other
consonants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co"ma</hw> (k&omacr;"m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>kw^ma</grk> lethargy, fr. <grk>koima^n</grk>
to put to sleep. See <u>Cemetery</u>.] <def>A state of profound
insensibility from which it is difficult or impossible to rouse a
person. See <u>Carus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co"ma</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., hair, fr. Gr.
<grk>ko`mh</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The
envelope of a comet; a nebulous covering, which surrounds the
nucleus or body of a comet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tuft or bunch, -- as
the assemblage of branches forming the head of a tree; or a
cluster of bracts when empty and terminating the inflorescence of
a plant; or a tuft of long hairs on certain seeds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coma Berenices</b></col> (&?;) [L.] <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>a small constellation north of Virgo; -- called also
<i>Berenice's Hair</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Co*man"ches</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
<i>sing.</i> <singw><b>Comanche</b></singw> (? or ?).
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A warlike, savage, and nomadic tribe of the
Shoshone family of Indians, inhabiting Mexico and the adjacent
parts of the United States; -- called also <i>Paducahs</i>. They
are noted for plundering and cruelty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"mart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
covenant.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"mate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comatus</i>, fr. <i>comare</i> to clothe with hair, fr.
<i>coma</i> hair.] <def>Encompassed with a coma, or bushy
appearance, like hair; hairy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"-mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>co-
</i> + <i>mate</i>.] <def>A companion.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"ma*tose`</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Coma</u> lethargy.] <def>Relating to, or resembling, coma;
drowsy; lethargic; as, <i>comatose</i> sleep; <i>comatose</i>
fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"ma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Comatose.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*mat"u*la</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>comatulus</i> having hair neatly curled, dim. fr.
<i>coma</i> hair.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A crinoid of the
genus <i>Antedon</i> and related genera. When young they are
fixed by a stem. When adult they become detached and cling to
seaweeds, etc., by their dorsal cirri; -- called also <i>feather
stars</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*mat"u*lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any crinoid of the genus <i>Antedon</i>
or allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Comb</hw> (?; 110), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>camb</i>;
akin to Sw., Dan., &amp; D. <i>kam</i>, Icel. <i>kambr</i>, G.
<i>kamm</i>, Gr. &?; a grinder tooth, Skr. <i>jambha</i> tooth.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument with teeth, for
straightening, cleansing, and adjusting the hair, or for keeping
it in place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for currying hairy
animals, or cleansing and smoothing their coats; a
currycomb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Manuf. &amp; Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A toothed instrument used for separating and cleansing wool,
flax, hair, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The serrated
vibratory doffing knife of a carding machine.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A former, commonly cone-shaped, used in
hat manufacturing for hardening the soft fiber into a bat.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A tool with teeth, used for chasing
screws on work in a lathe; a chaser.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<def>The notched scale of a wire micrometer.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>The collector of an electrical machine,
usually resembling a comb.</def> </p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The naked fleshy crest or caruncle on the upper part of the
bill or hood of a cock or other bird. It is usually red.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of a pair of peculiar organs on the
base of the abdomen of scorpions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The curling crest of a wave.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The waxen framework forming the walls
of the cells in which bees store their honey, eggs, etc.;
honeycomb.</def> "A <i>comb</i> of honey." <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the bee doth leave her <i>comb</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The thumbpiece of the hammer of a
gunlock, by which it may be cocked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Comb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Combed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Combing</u>.] <def>To disentangle, cleanse, or adjust, with a
comb; to lay smooth and straight with, or as with, a comb; as, to
<i>comb</i> hair or wool. See under <u>Combing</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Comb</i> down his hair; look, look! it stands
upright.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Comb</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Comb</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To roll over, as
the top or crest of a wave; to break with a white foam, as
waves.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Comb</hw>, <hw>Combe</hw> (? or ?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>comb</i>, prob. of Celtic origin;
cf. W. <i>cwm</i> a dale, valley.] <def>That unwatered portion of
a valley which forms its continuation beyond and above the most
elevated spring that issues into it.</def> [Written also
<i>coombe</i>.] <i>Buckland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A gradual rise the shelving <i>combe</i><BR>
Displayed.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Comb</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dry measure. See
<u>Coomb</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"bat</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Combated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Combating</u>.] [F. <i>combattre</i>; pref.
<i>com-</i> + <i>battre</i> to beat, fr. L. <i>battuere</i> to
strike. See <u>Batter</u>.] <def>To struggle or contend, as with
an opposing force; to fight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>combat</i> with a blind man I disdain.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>After the fall of the republic, the Romans
<i>combated</i> only for the choice of masters.<BR>
<i>Gibbon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"bat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fight with;
to oppose by force, argument, etc.; to contend against; to
resist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he the ambitious Norway <i>combated</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>combated</i> in silence all these
reasons.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Minds <i>combat</i> minds, repelling and
repelled.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fight against; resist; oppose; withstand;
oppugn; antagonize; repel; resent.</p>

<p><hw>Com"bat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>combat</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fight; a contest of violence; a
struggle for supremacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My courage try by <i>combat</i>, if thou
dar'st.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The noble <i>combat</i> that 'twixt joy and sorrow
was fought in Paulina.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An engagement of no
great magnitude; or one in which the parties engaged are not
armies.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Single combat</b></col>, <cd>one in which a single
combatant meets a single opponent, as in the case of David and
Goliath; also, a duel.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- A battle; engagement; conflict; contest;
contention; struggle; fight, strife. See <u>Battle</u>,
<u>Contest</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com"bat*a*ble</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>combattable</i>.] <def>Such as can be, or is liable to be,
combated; as, <i>combatable</i> foes, evils, or
arguments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"bat*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>combattant</i>, p. pr.] <def>Contending; disposed to
contend.</def> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"bat*ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>combattant</i>.] <def>One who engages in combat.</def> "The
mighty <i>combatants</i>." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A controversy which long survived the original
<i>combatants</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"bat*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
combats.</def> <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"bat*ive</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Disposed to engage in combat; pugnacious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"bat*ive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being combative;
propensity to contend or to quarrel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>A cranial development
supposed to indicate a combative disposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Com`bat`tant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>In the position of fighting; -- said of two
lions set face to face, each rampant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Comb"broach`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tooth
of a wool comb.</def> [Written also <i>combrouch</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Combe</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Comb</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Comb"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who combs; one whose occupation it is to comb wool,
flax, etc. Also, a machine for combing wool, flax, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A long, curling wave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
cumber.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Encumbrance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Com"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The cabrilla. Also, a name applied to a species of
wrasse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*bin"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>combinable</i>.] <def>Capable of combining; consistent
with.</def> [R.] <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Com*bin"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Com"bi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>combinatus</i>, p. p.] <def>United; joined; betrothed.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><! p. 282 !></p>

<p><hw>Com`bi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>combinatio</i>. See <u>Combine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of combining or uniting persons and
things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Making new compounds by new
<i>combinations</i>.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A solemn <i>combination</i> shall be made<BR>
Of our dear souls.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The result of combining or uniting;
union of persons or things; esp. a union or alliance of persons
or states to effect some purpose; -- usually in a bad
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>combination</i> of the most powerful men in
Rome who had conspired my ruin.<BR>
<i>Melmoth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of
uniting by chemical affinity, by which substances unite with each
other in definite proportions by weight to form distinct
compounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The
different arrangements of a number of objects, as letters, into
groups.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In <i>combinations</i> no regard is paid to the order
in which the objects are arranged in each group, while in
<i>variations</i> and <i>permutations</i> this order is
respected. <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Combination car</b></col>, <cd>a railroad car
containing two or more compartments used for different
purposes.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>Combination lock</b></col>,
<cd>a lock in which the mechanism is controlled by means of a
movable dial (sometimes by several dials or rings) inscribed with
letters or other characters. The bolt of the lock can not be
operated until after the dial has been so turned as to combine
the characters in a certain order or succession.</cd> --
<col><b>Combination room</b></col>, <cd>in the University of
Cambridge, Eng., a room into which the fellows withdraw after
dinner, for wine, dessert, and conversation.</cd> --
<col><b>Combination by volume</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
act, process, or ratio by which gaseous elements and compounds
unite in definite proportions by volume to form distinct
compounds.</cd> -- <col><b>Combination by weight</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the act, process, or ratio, in which
substances unite in proportions by weight, relatively fixed and
exact, to form distinct compounds. See <i>Law of definite
proportions</i>, under <u>Definite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cabal; alliance; association; league; union;
confederacy; coalition; conspiracy. See <u>Cabal</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*bine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Combined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Combining</u>.] [LL. <i>combinare</i>,
<i>combinatum</i>; L. <i>com-</i> + <i>binus</i>, pl.
<i>bini</i>, two and two, double: cf. F. <i>combiner</i>. See
<u>Binary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite or join; to link
closely together; to bring into harmonious union; to cause or
unite so as to form a homogeneous substance, as by chemical
union.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So fitly them in pairs thou hast
<i>combined</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Friendship is the cement which really
<i>combines</i> mankind.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And all <i>combined</i>, save what thou must
<i>combine</i><BR>
By holy marriage.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Earthly sounds, though sweet and well
<i>combined</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bind; to hold by a moral tie.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>combined</i> by a sacred vow.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*bine"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To form a union; to agree; to coalesce; to
confederate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You with your foes <i>combine</i>,<BR>
And seem your own destruction to design<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>So sweet did harp and voice <i>combine</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite by affinity or natural
attraction; as, two substances, which will not <i>combine</i> of
themselves, may be made to <i>combine</i> by the intervention of
a third.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>In the game of
casino, to play a card which will take two or more cards whose
aggregate number of pips equals those of the card
played.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Combining weight</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>that
proportional weight, usually referred to hydrogen as a standard,
and for each element fixed and exact, by which an element unites
with another to form a distinct compound. The combining weights
either are identical with, or are multiples or submultiples of,
the atomic weight. See <i>Atomic weight</i>, under <u>Atomic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*bined"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>United
closely; confederated; chemically united.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*bin"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
combination or co&ouml;peration; <i>jointly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*bin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, combines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Comb"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of using a comb or a number of combs; as,
the <i>combing</i> of one's hair; the <i>combing</i> of
wool.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The process of <i>combing</i> is used in straightening
wool of long staple; short wool is <i>carded</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That
which is caught or collected with a comb, as loose, tangled
hair.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hair arranged to be worn on
the head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The baldness, thinness, and . . . deformity of
their hair is supplied by borders and <i>combings</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Coamings</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Combing machine</b></col> <i>(Textile Manuf.)</i>,
<cd>a machine for combing wool, flax, cotton, etc., and
separating the longer and more valuable fiber from the shorter.
See also <i>Carding machine</i>, under <u>Carding</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Comb"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a comb
or crest; as, a <i>combless</i> cock.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Com`bo*lo"io</hw> (k&obreve;m`b&osl;*l&omacr;"y&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Mohammedan rosary, consisting of
ninety-nine beads.</def> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Comb"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pectinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*bust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>combustus</i>, p. p. of <i>comburere</i> to burn up; <i>com-
</i> + <i>burere</i> (only in comp.), of uncertain origin; cf.
<i>bustum</i> funeral pyre, <i>prurire</i> to itch, <i>pruna</i>
a live coal, Gr. <grk>pyrso`s</grk> firebrand, Skr. <i>plush</i>
to burn.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Burnt; consumed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>So near the sun as to
be obscured or eclipsed by his light, as the moon or planets when
not more than eight degrees and a half from the sun.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Planets that are oft <i>combust</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*bus`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being combustible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*bus"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>combustible</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of taking
fire and burning; apt to catch fire; inflammable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sin is to the soul like fire to <i>combustible</i>
matter.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Easily kindled or excited; quick;
fiery; irascible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arnold was a <i>combustible</i> character.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*bus"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
substance that may be set on fire, or which is liable to take
fire and burn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All such <i>combustibles</i> as are cheap enough
for common use go under the name of fuel.<BR>
<i>Ure.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*bus"ti*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Combustibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*bus"tion</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>combustio</i>: cf. F. <i>combustion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of burning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The combination of a
combustible with a supporter of combustion, producing heat, and
sometimes both light and heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Combustion</i> results in common cases from the
mutual chemical action and reaction of the combustible and the
oxygen of the atmosphere, whereby a new compound is formed.<BR>
<i>Ure.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Supporter of combustion</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>a gas, as oxygen, the combination of which with a
combustible, as coal, constitutes combustion.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Violent agitation; confusion;
tumult.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There [were] great <i>combustions</i> and
divisions among the heads of the university.<BR>
<i>Mede.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>But say from whence this new <i>combustion</i>
springs.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*bus"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inflammable.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Come</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Came</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Come</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Coming</u>.]
[OE. <i>cumen</i>, <i>comen</i>, AS. <i>cuman</i>; akin to OS.
<i>kuman</i>, D. <i>komen</i>, OHG. <i>queman</i>, G.
<i>kommen</i>, Icel. <i>koma</i>, Sw. <i>komma</i>, Dan.
<i>komme</i>, Goth. <i>giman</i>, L. <i>venire</i>
(<i>gvenire</i>), Gr. &?; to go, Skr. <i>gam</i>. &radic;23. Cf.
<u>Base</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Convene</u>,
<u>Adventure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move hitherward; to
draw near; to approach the speaker, or some place or person
indicated; -- opposed to <i>go</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look, who <i>comes</i> yonder?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I did not <i>come</i> to curse thee.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To complete a movement toward a place;
to arrive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When we <i>came</i> to Rome.<BR>
<i>Acts xxviii. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Lately <i>come</i> from Italy.<BR>
<i>Acts xviii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To approach or arrive, as if by a
journey or from a distance.</def> "Thy kingdom <i>come</i>."
<i>Matt. vi. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The hour is <i>coming</i>, and now is.<BR>
<i>John. v. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>So quick bright things <i>come</i> to
confusion.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To approach or arrive, as the result
of a cause, or of the act of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From whence <i>come</i> wars?<BR>
<i>James iv. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Both riches and honor <i>come</i> of thee !<BR>
<i>1 Chron. xxix. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To arrive in sight; to be manifest; to
appear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then butter does refuse to <i>come</i>.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To get to be, as the result of change
or progress; -- with a predicate; as, to <i>come</i>
untied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>come</i> you thus estranged?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>come</i> her eyes so bright?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Am come</i>, <i>is come</i>, etc., are frequently
used instead of <i>have come</i>, <i>has come</i>, etc., esp. in
poetry. The verb <i>to be</i> gives a clearer adjectival
significance to the participle as expressing a state or condition
of the subject, while the auxiliary <i>have</i> expresses simply
the completion of the action signified by the verb.</p>

<p><blockquote>Think not that I <i>am come</i> to destroy.<BR>
<i>Matt. v. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>are come</i> off like Romans.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The melancholy days <i>are come</i>, the saddest
of the year.<BR>
<i>Bryant.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><i>Come</i> may properly be used (instead of <i>go</i>) in
speaking of a movement hence, or away, when there is reference to
an approach to the person addressed; as, I shall <i>come</i> home
next week; he will <i>come</i> to your house to-day. It is used
with other verbs almost as an auxiliary, indicative of approach
to the action or state expressed by the verb; as, how <i>came</i>
you to do it? <i>Come</i> is used colloquially, with reference to
a definite future time approaching, without an auxiliary; as, it
will be two years, <i>come</i> next Christmas; <i>i. e.</i>, when
Christmas shall come.</p>

<p><blockquote>They were cried<BR>
In meeting, <i>come</i> next Sunday.<BR>
<i>Lowell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><i>Come</i>, in the imperative, is used to excite attention,
or to invite to motion or joint action; <i>come</i>, let us go.
"This is the heir; <i>come</i>, let us kill him." <i>Matt. xxi.
38.</i> When repeated, it sometimes expresses haste, or
impatience, and sometimes rebuke. "<i>Come</i>, <i>come</i>, no
time for lamentation now." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To come</b></col>, <cd>yet to arrive, future.</cd> "In
times <i>to come</i>." <i>Dryden.</i> "There's pippins and cheese
<i>to come</i>." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To come about</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To come to pass; to arrive; to happen; to
result; as, how did these things <i>come about</i>?</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To change; to come round; as, the ship
<i>comes about</i>.</cd> "The wind is <i>come about</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On better thoughts, and my urged reasons,<BR>
They are <i>come about</i>, and won to the true side.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To come abroad</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To move or be away from one's home or country.</cd> "Am
<i>come abroad</i> to see the world." <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To become public or known.</cd> [Obs.]
"Neither was anything kept secret, but that it should <i>come
abroad</i>." <i>Mark. iv. 22.</i> -- <col><b>To come
across</b></col>, <cd>to meet; to find, esp. by chance or
suddenly.</cd> "We <i>come across</i> more than one incidental
mention of those wars." <i>E. A. Freeman.</i> "Wagner's was
certainly one of the strongest and most independent natures I
ever <i>came across</i>." <i>H. R. Haweis.</i> -- <col><b>To come
after</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To follow.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To come to take or to obtain; as, to
<i>come after</i> a book.</cd> -- <col><b>To come
again</b></col>, <cd>to return</cd>. "His spirit <i>came
again</i> and he revived." <i>Judges. xv. 19.</i> - - <col><b>To
come and go</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To appear and
disappear; to change; to alternate.</cd> "The color of the king
doth <i>come and go</i>." <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>To play backward and forward.</cd> --
<col><b>To come at</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To reach;
to arrive within reach of; to gain; as, to <i>come at</i> a true
knowledge of ourselves.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To come
toward; to attack; as, he <i>came at</i> me with fury.</cd> --
<col><b>To come away</b></col>, <cd>to part or depart</cd>. --
<col><b>To come between</b></col>, <cd>to intervene; to separate;
hence, to cause estrangement</cd>. -- <col><b>To come
by</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To obtain, gain,
acquire.</cd> "Examine how you <i>came by</i> all your state."
<i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To pass near or by way
of.</cd> -- <col><b>To come down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To descend.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be humbled.</cd>
-- <col><b>To come down upon</b></col>, <cd>to call to account,
to reprimand.</cd> [Colloq.] <i>Dickens.</i> -- <col><b>To come
home</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To return to one's house
or family.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To come close; to press
closely; to touch the feelings, interest, or reason.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To be loosened from the
ground; -- said of an anchor.</cd> -- <col><b>To come
in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To enter, as a town, house,
etc.</cd> "The thief <i>cometh in</i>." <i>Hos. vii. 1.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To arrive; as, when my ship <i>comes
in</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To assume official station
or duties; as, when Lincoln <i>came in</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To comply; to yield; to surrender.</cd>
"We need not fear his <i>coming in</i>" <i>Massinger.</i>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To be brought into use.</cd> "Silken
garments did not <i>come in</i> till late." <i>Arbuthnot.</i>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To be added or inserted; to be or become
a part of.</cd> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <cd>To accrue as gain from
any business or investment.</cd> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <cd>To
mature and yield a harvest; as, the crops <i>come in</i>
well.</cd> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <cd>To have sexual intercourse; --
with <i>to</i> or <i>unto</i>.</cd> <i>Gen. xxxviii. 16.</i>
<sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <cd>To have young; to bring forth; as, the
cow will <i>come in</i> next May.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>To come
in for</b></col>, <cd>to claim or receive.</cd> "The rest <i>came
in for</i> subsidies." <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>To come
into</b></col>, <cd>to join with; to take part in; to agree to;
to comply with; as, to <i>come into</i> a party or scheme</cd>. -
- <col><b>To come it over</b></col>, <cd>to hoodwink; to get the
advantage of.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To come</b></col>
<col><b>near or nigh</b></col>, <cd>to approach in place or
quality; to be equal to.</cd> "Nothing ancient or modern seems to
<i>come near</i> it." <i>Sir W. Temple.</i> -- <col><b>To come
of</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To descend or spring
from.</cd> "<i>Of</i> Priam's royal race my mother <i>came</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To result or follow
from.</cd> "This <i>comes of</i> judging by the eye."
<i>L'Estrange.</i> -- <col><b>To come off</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To depart or pass off from.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To get free; to get away; to escape.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To be carried through; to pass off; as,
it <i>came off</i> well.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To acquit
one's self; to issue from (a contest, etc.); as, he <i>came
off</i> with honor; hence, substantively, a <i>come-off</i>, an
escape; an excuse; an evasion.</cd> [Colloq.] <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<cd>To pay over; to give.</cd> [Obs.] <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To
take place; to happen; as, when does the race <i>come
off</i>?</cd> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <cd>To be or become after some
delay; as, the weather <i>came off</i> very fine.</cd>
<sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <cd>To slip off or be taken off, as a
garment; to separate.</cd> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <cd>To hurry away;
to get through.</cd> <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To come off
by</b></col>, <cd>to suffer</cd>. [Obs.] "<i>To come off by</i>
the worst." <i>Calamy.</i> -- <col><b>To come off from</b></col>,
<cd>to leave.</cd> "<i>To come off from</i> these grave
disquisitions." <i>Felton.</i> -- <col><b>To come on</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To advance; to make progress; to
thrive.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To move forward; to
approach; to supervene.</cd> -- <col><b>To come out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To pass out or depart, as from a country,
room, company, etc.</cd> "They shall <i>come out</i> with great
substance." <i>Gen. xv. 14.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To become
public; to appear; to be published.</cd> "It is indeed <i>come
out</i> at last." <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To end; to result; to turn out; as, how will this affair
<i>come out</i>? he has <i>come out</i> well at last.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To be introduced into society; as, she
<i>came out</i> two seasons ago.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To
appear; to show itself; as, the sun <i>came out</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To take sides; to take a stand; as, he
<i>came out</i> against the tariff.</cd>  -- <col><b>To come out
with</b></col>, <cd>to give publicity to; to disclose.</cd> --
<col><b>To come over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To pass
from one side or place to another.</cd> "Perpetually teasing
their friends to <i>come over</i> to them." <i>Addison.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To rise and pass over, in
distillation.</cd> -- <col><b>To come over to</b></col>, <cd>to
join.</cd> -- <col><b>To come round</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To recur in regular course.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To recover.</cd> [Colloq.]
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To change, as the wind.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To relent.</cd> <i>J. H. Newman.</i>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To circumvent; to wheedle.</cd> [Colloq.]
-- <col><b>To come short</b></col>, <cd>to be deficient; to fail
of attaining.</cd> "All have sinned and <i>come short</i> of the
glory of God." <i>Rom. iii. 23.</i> -- <col><b>To come
to</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To consent or yield.</cd>
<i>Swift.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> (with the accent
on <i>to</i>) <cd>To luff; to bring the ship's head nearer the
wind; to anchor.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> (with the accent on
<i>to</i>) <cd>To recover, as from a swoon.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To arrive at; to reach.</cd>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To amount to; as, the taxes <i>come
to</i> a large sum.</cd> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To fall to; to
be received by, as an inheritance.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>To come to blows</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Blow</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To come to grief</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Grief</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To come to a head</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To suppurate, as a boil.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To mature; to culminate; as a plot.</cd>
-- <col><b>To come to one's self</b></col>, <cd>to recover one's
senses.</cd> -- <col><b>To come to pass</b></col>, <cd>to happen;
to fall out.</cd> -- <col><b>To come to the scratch</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Prize Fighting)</i> <cd>To step up to the
scratch or mark made in the ring to be toed by the combatants in
beginning a contest;</cd> hence: <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To meet
an antagonist or a difficulty bravely.</cd> [Colloq.]  --
<col><b>To come to time</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Prize
Fighting)</i> <cd>To come forward in order to resume the contest
when the interval allowed for rest is over and "time" is
called</cd>; hence: <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To keep an
appointment; to meet expectations.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To
come together</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To meet for
business, worship, etc.; to assemble.</cd> <i>Acts i. 6.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To live together as man and wife.</cd>
<i>Matt. i. 18.</i> -- <col><b>To come true</b></col>, <cd>to
happen as predicted or expected.</cd> -- <col><b>To come
under</b></col>, <cd>to belong to, as an individual to a
class.</cd> -- <col><b>To come up</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>to ascend; to rise.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be
brought up; to arise, as a question.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To spring; to shoot or rise above the earth, as a plant.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To come into use, as a fashion.</cd> --
<col><b>To come up the capstan</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to
turn it the contrary way, so as to slacken the rope about
it.</cd> -- <col><b>To come up the tackle fall</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to slacken the tackle gently.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>To come up to</b></col>, <cd>to rise
to; to equal.</cd> -- <col><b>To come up with</b></col>, <cd>to
overtake or reach by pursuit.</cd> -- <col><b>To come
upon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To befall.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To attack or invade.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To have a claim upon; to become dependent
upon for support; as, <i>to come upon</i> the town.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To light or chance upon; to find; as, to
<i>come upon</i> hid treasure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Come</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To carry
through; to succeed in; as, you can't <i>come</i> any tricks
here.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>To come it</b></col>, <cd>to succeed in a trick of any
sort.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Come</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Coming.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co-med"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mix;
to mingle, to temper.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*me"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>com&eacute;dien</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An actor or
player in comedy.</def> "The famous <i>comedian</i>, Roscius."
<i>Middleton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A writer of comedy.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Co*m&eacute;`di*enne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., fem. of <i>com&eacute;dien</i>.] <def>A women who plays in
comedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*me`di*et"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<def>A dramatic sketch; a brief comedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Com"e*do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Comedones</b></plw> (#). [L., a glutton. See
<u>Comestible</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A small nodule or cystic
tumor, common on the nose, etc., which on pressure allows the
escape of a yellow wormlike mass of retained oily secretion, with
a black head (dirt).</def></p>

<p><hw>Come"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A downfall;
an humiliation.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Com"e*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Comedies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>com&eacute;die</i>, L.
<i>comoedia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; &?; a jovial festivity with music
and dancing, a festal procession, an ode sung at this procession
(perh. akin to &?; village, E. <i>home</i>) + &?; to sing; for
comedy was originally of a lyric character. See <u>Home</u>, and
<u>Ode</u>.] <def>A dramatic composition, or representation of a
bright and amusing character, based upon the foibles of
individuals, the manners of society, or the ludicrous events or
accidents of life; a play in which mirth predominates and the
termination of the plot is happy; -- opposed to
<i>tragedy</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With all the vivacity of <i>comedy</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Are come to play a pleasant <i>comedy</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Come"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
suitable or becoming manner.</def> [R.] <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><! p. 283 !></p>

<p><hw>Come"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Comely</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being
comely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Comeliness</i> is a disposing fair<BR>
Of things and actions in fit time and place.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Strength, <i>comeliness</i> of shape, or amplest
merit.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Comeliness</i> signifies something less
forcible than beauty, less elegant than grace, and less light
than prettiness.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Come"ly</hw> (k&ubreve;m"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Comelier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Comeliest</u>.] [OE.
<i>comeliche</i>, AS. <i>cyml&imacr;c</i>; <i>cyme</i> suitable
(fr. <i>cuman</i> to come, become) + <i>l&imacr;c</i> like.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing or agreeable to the sight; well-
proportioned; good-looking; handsome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is <i>comely</i> when old and decrepit,
surely was very beautiful when he was young.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Not once perceive their foul disfigurement<BR>
But boast themselves more <i>comely</i> than before.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suitable or becoming; proper;
agreeable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is a happier and more <i>comely</i> time<BR>
Than when these fellows ran about the streets,<BR>
Crying confusion.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is good to sing praises unto our God; for it is
pleasant; and praise is <i>comely</i>.<BR>
<i>Ps. cxlvii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Come"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a becoming
manner.</def> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Come-out"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
comes out or withdraws from a religious or other organization; a
radical reformer.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Com"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who comes,
or who has come; one who has arrived, and is present.</def></p>

<p><col><b>All comers</b></col>, <cd>all who come, or offer, to
take part in a matter, especially in a contest or
controversy.</cd> "To prove it against <i>all comers</i>." <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Co"mes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a companion.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The answer to the theme (<i>dux</i>) in a
fugue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`es*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comissatio</i>, <i>comessatio</i>.] <def>A reveling; a
rioting.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*mes"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>comestible</i>, fr. L. <i>comesus</i>, <i>comestus</i>, p. p.
of <i>comedere</i> to eat; <i>com-</i> + <i>edere</i> to eat.]
<def>Suitable to be eaten; eatable; esculent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some herbs are most <i>comestible</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*mes"ti*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
suitable to be eaten; -- commonly in the plural.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cometes</i>,
<i>cometa</i>, from Gr. &?; comet, prop. long-haired, fr. &?; to
wear long hair, fr. &?; hair, akin to L. <i>coma</i>: cf. F.
<i>com&egrave;te</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A member of the
solar system which usually moves in an elongated orbit,
approaching very near to the sun in its perihelion, and receding
to a very great distance from it at its aphelion. A comet
commonly consists of three parts: the nucleus, the envelope, or
coma, and the tail; but one or more of these parts is frequently
wanting. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Com`e*ta"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An instrument, intended to represent the
revolution of a comet round the sun.</def> <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"et*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>com&eacute;taire</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a
comet.</def> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Com"et-find`er</hw> (?), or <hw>Com"et- seek`er</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A telescope of low
power, having a large field of view, used for finding
comets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*met"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
a comet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`et*og"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who describes or writes about comets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`et*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Comet</i> + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F.
<i>com&eacute;tographie</i>.] <def>A description of, or a
treatise concerning, comets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`et*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Comet</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The department of astronomy
relating to comets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"fit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>confit</i>,
prop. a p. p., fr. <i>confire</i> to preserve, pickle, fr. L.
<i>conficere</i> to prepare; <i>con-</i> + <i>facere</i> to make.
See <u>Fact</u>, and cf. <u>Confect</u>.] <def>A dry sweetmeat;
any kind of fruit, root, or seed preserved with sugar and dried;
a confection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"fit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To preserve dry
with sugar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fruit which does so quickly waste, . . . <BR>
Thou <i>comfitest</i> in sweets to make it last.<BR>
<i>Cowley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"fi*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>confiture</i>; cf. LL. <i>confecturae</i> sweetmeats,
<i>confectura</i> a preparing. See <u>Comfit</u>, and cf.
<u>Confiture</u>.] <def>See <u>Comfit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Com"fort</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Comforted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Comforting.</u>] [F. <i>conforter</i>, fr. L.
<i>confortare</i> to strengthen much; <i>con-</i> + <i>fortis</i>
strong. See <u>Fort</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make strong;
to invigorate; to fortify; to corroborate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God's own testimony . . . doth not a little
<i>comfort</i> and confirm the same.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assist or help; to aid.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . can not help the noble chevalier:<BR>
God <i>comfort</i> him in this necessity!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To impart strength and hope to; to
encourage; to relieve; to console; to cheer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Light excelleth in <i>comforting</i> the spirits
of men.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That we may be able to <i>comfort</i> them that
are in any affliction.<BR>
<i>2 Cor. i. 4 (Rev. Ver.).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A perfect woman, nobly planned,<BR>
To warn, to <i>comfort</i>, and command.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To cheer; solace; console; revive; encourage;
enliven; invigorate; inspirit; gladden; recreate; exhilarate;
refresh; animate; confirm; strengthen.  -- <u>To Comfort</u>,
<u>Console</u>, <u>Solace</u>. These verbs all suppose some
antecedent state of suffering or sorrow. <i>Console</i> is
confined to the act giving sympathetic relief to the mind under
affliction or sorrow, and points to some definite source of that
relief; as, the presence of his friend <i>consoled</i> him; he
was much <i>consoled</i> by this intelligence. The act of
consoling commonly implies the inculcation of resignation.
<i>Comfort</i> points to relief afforded by the communication of
positive pleasure, hope, and strength, as well as by the
diminution of pain; as, "They brought the young man alive, and
were not a little <i>comforted</i>." <i>Acts xx. 12.</i>
<i>Solace</i> is from L. <i>solacium</i>, which means according
to Dumesnil, consolation inwardly felt or applied to the case of
the sufferer. Hence, the verb <i>to solace</i> denotes the using
of things for the purpose of affording relief under sorrow or
suffering; as, <i>to solace</i> one's self with reflections, with
books, or with active employments.</p>

<p><hw>Com"fort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>confort</i>, fr. <i>conforter</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Assistance; relief; support.</def> [Obs. except in the
phrase "aid and <i>comfort</i>." See 5 below.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Encouragement; solace; consolation in
trouble; also, that which affords consolation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>comfort</i> of her mother's fears.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Cheer thy spirit with this <i>comfort</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Speaking words of endearment where words of
<i>comfort</i> availed not.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A state of quiet enjoyment; freedom
from pain, want, or anxiety; also, whatever contributes to such a
condition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had much joy and <i>comfort</i> in thy love.<BR>
<i>Phil. 7 (Rev. Ver.).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He had the means of living in <i>comfort</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A wadded bedquilt; a
comfortable.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Unlawful support,
countenance, or encouragement; as, to give aid and <i>comfort</i>
to the enemy.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Comfort</u>, <u>Consolation</u>.
<i>Comfort</i> has two meanings: <sn><b>1.</b></sn> Strength and
relief received under affliction; <sn><b>2.</b></sn> Positive
enjoyment, of a quiet, permanent nature, together with the
sources thereof; as, the <i>comfort</i> of love; surrounded with
<i>comforts</i>; but it is with the former only that the word
<i>consolation</i> is brought into comparison. As thus compared,
<i>consolation</i> points to some specific source of relief for
the afflicted mind; as, the <i>consolations</i> of religion.
<i>Comfort</i> supposes the relief to be afforded by imparting
positive enjoyment, as well as a diminution of pain.
"<i>Consolation</i>, or <i>comfort</i>, signifies some
alleviation to that pain to which it is not in our power to
afford the proper and adequate remedy; they imply rather an
augmentation of the power of bearing, than a diminution of the
burden." <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"fort*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>confortable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Strong; vigorous;
valiant.</def> [Obs.] <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy conceit is nearer death than thy powers. For
my sake be <i>comfortable</i>; hold death a while at the arm's
end.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Serviceable; helpful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Be <i>comfortable</i> to my mother, your mistress,
and make much of her.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Affording or imparting comfort or
consolation; able to comfort; cheering; as, a <i>comfortable</i>
hope.</def> "Kind words and <i>comfortable</i>."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>comfortable</i> provision made for their
subsistence.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In a condition of comfort; having
comforts; not suffering or anxious; hence, contented; cheerful;
as, to lead a <i>comfortable</i> life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord leans wondrously to discontent;<BR>
His <i>comfortable</i> temper has forsook him:<BR>
He is much out of health.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Free, or comparatively free, from pain
or distress; -- used of a sick person.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Com"fort*a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stuffed
or quilted coverlet for a bed; a comforter; a comfort.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Com"fort*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State
of being comfortable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"fort*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
comfortable or comforting manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Speak ye <i>comfortably</i> to Jerusalem.<BR>
<i>Is. xl. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"fort*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who administers comfort or
consolation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let no <i>comforter</i> delight mine ear<BR>
But such a one whose wrongs do suit with mine.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>The Holy Spirit, --
referring to his office of comforting believers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But the <i>Comforter</i>, which is the Holy Ghost,
whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all
things.<BR>
<i>John xiv. 26.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A knit woolen tippet, long and
narrow.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The American schoolboy takes off his
<i>comforter</i> and unbuttons his jacket before going in for a
snowball fight.<BR>
<i>Pop. Sci. Monthly.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A wadded bedquilt; a
comfortable.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Job's comforter</b></col>, <cd>a boil.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Com"fort*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
comfort or comforts; in want or distress; cheerless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Comfortless</i> through tyranny or might.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Forlorn; desolate; cheerless; inconsolable;
disconsolate; wretched; miserable.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Com"fort*less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Com"fort*less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>When all is coldly, <i>comfortlessly</i>
costly.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"fort*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act or
process of administering comfort.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The gentle <i>comfortment</i> and entertainment of
the said embassador.<BR>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"fort*ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman
who comforts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be your <i>comfortress</i>, and to preserve
you.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"frey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from F.
<i>conferve</i>, L. <i>conferva</i>, fr. <i>confervere</i> to
boil together, in medical language, to heal, grow together. So
called on account of its healing power, for which reason it was
also called <i>consolida</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A rough, hairy,
perennial plant of several species, of the genus
<i>Symphytum</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A decoction of the mucilaginous root of the "common
comfrey" (<i>S. officinale</i>) is used in cough mixtures, etc.;
and the gigantic "prickly comfrey" (<i>S. asperrimum</i>) is
somewhat cultivated as a forage plant.</p>

<p><hw>Com"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>comicus</i>
pertaining to comedy, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>comique</i>. See
<u>Comedy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to comedy, as
distinct from tragedy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not for the stage a drama lay,<BR>
Tragic or <i>comic</i>, but thou writ'st the play.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing mirth; ludicrous.</def>
"<i>Comic</i> shows." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A comedian.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Steele.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to comedy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They deny it to be tragical because its
catastrophe is a wedding, which hath ever been accounted
<i>comical</i>.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exciting mirth; droll; laughable; as,
a <i>comical</i> story.</def> "<i>Comical</i> adventures."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Humorous; laughable; funny. See
<u>Droll</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Com"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Com"ic*al"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Com`i*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Comicalities</b></plw> (#). <def>The quality of being
comical; something comical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"ic*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The power of
exciting mirth; comicalness.</def> [R.] <i>H. Giles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Approaching; of the future, especially the near future; the
next; as, the <i>coming</i> week or year; the <i>coming</i>
exhibition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Welcome the <i>coming</i>, speed the parting,
guest.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>coming</i> days and years.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ready to come; complaisant;
fond.</def> [Obs.] <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Approach; advent; manifestation; as, the <i>coming</i> of
the train.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: The Second Advent of
Christ.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coming in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Entrance;
entrance way; manner of entering; beginning.</cd> "The goings out
thereof, and the <i>comings in</i> thereof." <i>Ezek. xliii.
11</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Income or revenue.</cd> "What are
thy <i>comings in</i>?" <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Co*mi"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A public assembly of the Roman people
for electing officers or passing laws.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There were three kinds of <i>comitia</i>: <i>comitia
curiata</i>, or assembly of the patricians, who voted in
curi&aelig;; <i>comitia centuriata</i>, or assembly of the whole
Roman people, who voted by centuries; and <i>comitia tributa</i>,
or assembly of the plebeians according to their division into
tribes.</p>

<p><hw>Co*mi"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comitialis</i>.] <def>Relating to the comitia, or popular
assemblies of the Romans for electing officers and passing
laws.</def> <i>Middleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Comities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>comitas</i>, fr.
<i>comis</i> courteous, kind.] <def>Mildness and suavity of
manners; courtesy between equals; friendly civility; as,
<i>comity</i> of manners; the <i>comity</i> of States.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Comity of nations</b></col> <i>(International
Law)</i>, <cd>the courtesy by which nations recognize within
their own territory, or in their courts, the peculiar
institutions of another nation or the rights and privileges
acquired by its citizens in their own land. By some authorities
private international law rests on this comity, but the better
opinion is that it is part of the common law of the land, and
hence is obligatory as law.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Civility; good breeding; courtesy; good
will.</p>

<p><hw>Com"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>comma</i>
part of a sentence, comma, Gr. &?; clause, fr. &?; to cut off.
Cf. <u>Capon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A character or point
[,] marking the smallest divisions of a sentence, written or
printed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small interval (the
difference between a major and minor half step), seldom used
except by tuners.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Comma bacillus</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>a
variety of bacillus shaped like a comma, found in the intestines
of patients suffering from cholera. It is considered by some as
having a special relation to the disease; -- called also
<i>cholera bacillus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Comma
butterfly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American
butterfly (<i>Grapta comma</i>), having a white comma-shaped
marking on the under side of the wings.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*mand"</hw> (?; 61), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commanded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Commanding</u>.] [OE. <i>comaunden</i>,
<i>commanden</i>, OF. <i>comander</i>, F. <i>commander</i>, fr.
L. <i>com-</i> + <i>mandare</i> to commit to, to command. Cf.
<u>Commend</u>, <u>Mandate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To order
with authority; to lay injunction upon; to direct; to bid; to
charge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are <i>commanded</i> to forgive our enemies,
but you never read that we are <i>commanded</i> to forgive our
friends.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Go to your mistress:<BR>
Say, I <i>command</i> her come to me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exercise direct authority over; to
have control of; to have at one's disposal; to lead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Monmouth <i>commanded</i> the English
auxiliaries.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Such aid as I can spare you shall
<i>command</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have within a sphere of control,
influence, access, or vision; to dominate by position; to guard;
to overlook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bridges <i>commanded</i> by a fortified house.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Up to the eastern tower,<BR>
Whose height <i>commands</i> as subject all the vale.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>One side <i>commands</i> a view of the finest
garden.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have power or influence of the
nature of authority over; to obtain as if by ordering; to receive
as a due; to challenge; to claim; as, justice <i>commands</i> the
respect and affections of the people; the best goods
<i>command</i> the best price.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis not in mortals to <i>command</i> success.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To direct to come; to bestow.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>command</i> my blessing upon you.<BR>
<i>Lev. xxv. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To bid; order; direct; dictate; charge; govern;
rule; overlook.</p>

<p><hw>Com*mand"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To have or to exercise direct authority; to govern; to sway;
to influence; to give an order or orders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And reigned, <i>commanding</i> in his
monarchy.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>For the king had so <i>commanded</i> concerning
[Haman].<BR>
<i>Esth. iii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a view, as from a superior
position.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Far and wide his eye <i>commands</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mand"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An authoritative order requiring obedience; a mandate; an
injunction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Awaiting what <i>command</i> their mighty
chief<BR>
Had to impose.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The possession or exercise of
authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Command</i> and force may often create, but can
never cure, an aversion.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Authority; power or right of control;
leadership; as, the forces under his <i>command</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Power to dominate, command, or
overlook by means of position; scope of vision; survey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The steepy stand<BR>
Which overlooks the vale with wide <i>command</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Control; power over something; sway;
influence; as, to have <i>command</i> over one's temper or voice;
the fort has <i>command</i> of the bridge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He assumed an absolute <i>command</i> over his
readers.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A body of troops, or any naval or
military force or post, or the whole territory under the
authority or control of a particular officer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Word of command</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a word or
phrase of definite and established meaning, used in directing the
movements of soldiers; as, <i>aim</i>; <i>fire</i>; <i>shoulder
arms</i>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Control; sway; power; authority; rule;
dominion; sovereignty; mandate; order; injunction; charge;
behest. See <u>Direction</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 284 !></p>

<p><hw>Com*mand"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being commanded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`man*dant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., orig. p.
pr. of <i>commander</i>.] <def>A commander; the commanding
officer of a place, or of a body of men; as, the
<i>commandant</i> of a navy-yard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mand"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Mandatory; as, <i>commandatory</i> authority.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*mand"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>commandeur</i>. Cf. <u>Commodore</u>, <u>Commender</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chief; one who has supreme authority; a
leader; the chief officer of an army, or of any division of
it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A leader and <i>commander</i> to the people.<BR>
<i>Is. lv. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Navy)</i> <def>An officer who ranks
next below a captain, -- ranking with a lieutenant colonel in the
army.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The chief officer of a
commandery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A heavy beetle or wooden mallet, used
in paving, in sail lofts, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Commander in chief</b></col>, <cd>the military title
of the officer who has supreme command of the land or naval
forces or the united forces of a nation or state; a
generalissimo. The President is <i>commander in chief</i> of the
army and navy of the United States.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Chief</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*mand"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office of a commander.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mand"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Commanderies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>commanderie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office or rank of a commander.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A district or a manor with lands and
tenements appertaining thereto, under the control of a member of
an order of knights who was called a <i>commander</i>; -- called
also a <i>preceptory</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An assembly or lodge of Knights
Templars (so called) among the Freemasons.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A district under the administration of
a military commander or governor.</def> [R.] <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mand"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exercising authority; actually in command; as, a
<i>commanding</i> officer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to impress or control; as, a
<i>commanding</i> look or presence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exalted; overlooking; having superior
strategic advantages; as, a <i>commanding</i> position.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Authoritative; imperative; imperious.</p>

<p><hw>Com*mand"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
commanding manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mand"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>commandement</i>, F. <i>commandement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An order or injunction given by authority; a command; a
charge; a precept; a mandate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A new <i>commandment</i> I give unto you, that ye
love one another.<BR>
<i>John xiii. 34.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>One of the ten laws
or precepts given by God to the Israelites at Mount
Sinai.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of commanding; exercise of
authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And therefore put I on the countenance<BR>
Of stern <i>commandment</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The offense of commanding
or inducing another to violate the law.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Commandments</b></col>, <col><b>The Ten
Commandments</b></col>, <cd>the Decalogue, or summary of God's
commands, given to Moses at Mount Sinai. (<i>Ex.
xx.</i>)</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*mand"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman
invested with authority to command.</def> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mand"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Commandery</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>comarque</i>, or LL. <i>commarca</i>, <i>commarcha</i>;
<i>com-</i> + <i>marcha</i>, boundary. See <u>March</u> a
confine.] <def>The frontier of a country; confines.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`ma*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of the same material.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commaticus</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Comma</u>.] <def>Having short
clauses or sentences; brief; concise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Commatic</u>.] <def>Conciseness in writing.</def> <i>Bp.
Horsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*meas"ur*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Commensurable</u>.] <def>Having the same measure;
commensurate; proportional.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She being now removed by death, a
<i>commeasurable</i> grief took as full possession of him as joy
had done.<BR>
<i>I. Walton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*meas"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be
commensurate with; to equal.</def> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mem"o*ra"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commemorabilis</i>.] <def>Worthy to be commemorated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mem"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commemorated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Commemorating</u>.] [L.
<i>commemoratus</i>, p. p. of <i>commemorare</i> to remember;
<i>com-</i> + <i>memorare</i> to mention, fr. <i>memor</i>
mindful. See <u>Memory</u>.] <def>To call to remembrance by a
special act or observance; to celebrate with honor and solemnity;
to honor, as a person or event, by some act of respect or
affection, intended to preserve the remembrance of the person or
event; as, to <i>commemorate</i> the sufferings and dying love of
our Savior by the sacrament of the Lord's Supper; to
<i>commemorate</i> the Declaration of Independence by the
observance of the Fourth of July.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are called upon to <i>commemorate</i> a
revolution.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Celebrate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*mem`o*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commemoratio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
commemorating; an observance or celebration designed to honor the
memory of some person or event.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This sacrament was designed to be a standing
<i>commemoration</i> of the death and passion of our Lord.<BR>
<i>Abp. Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The commonwealth which . . . chooses the most
flagrant act of murderous regicide treason for a feast of eternal
<i>commemoration</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whatever serves the purpose of
commemorating; a memorial.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Commemoration day</b></col>, <cd>at the University of
Oxford, Eng., an annual observance or ceremony in honor of the
benefactors of the University, at which time honorary degrees are
conferred.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*mem"o*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tending or intended to commemorate.</def> "A sacrifice
<i>commemorative</i> of Christ's offering up his body for us."
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An inscription <i>commemorative</i> of his
victory.<BR>
<i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mem"o*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>One who commemorates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mem"o*ra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Serving to commemorate; commemorative.</def> <i>Bp.
Hooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mence"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commenced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Commencing</u>.] [F. <i>commencer</i>, OF.
<i>comencier</i>, fr. L. <i>com-</i> + <i>initiare</i> to begin.
See <u>Initiate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a beginning
or origin; to originate; to start; to begin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here the anthem doth <i>commence</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His heaven <i>commences</i> ere the world be
past.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To begin to be, or to act as.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>commence</i> judges ourselves.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take a degree at a
university.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I question whether the formality of
<i>commencing</i> was used in that age.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mence"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enter
upon; to begin; to perform the first act of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many a wooer doth <i>commence</i> his suit.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; It is the practice of good writers to use the verbal
noun (instead of the infinitive with <i>to</i>) after
<i>commence</i>; as, he <i>commenced studying</i>, not he
<i>commenced to study</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*mence"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>commencement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The first existence
of anything; act or fact of commencing; rise; origin; beginning;
start.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The time of Henry VII. . . . nearly coincides with
the <i>commencement</i> of what is termed "modern history."<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The day when degrees are conferred by
colleges and universities upon students and others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Commending</u>.] [L. <i>commendare</i>; <i>com-
</i> + <i>mandare</i> to intrust to one's charge, enjoin,
command. Cf. <u>Command</u>, <u>Mandate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To commit, intrust, or give in charge for care or
preservation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eye <i>commends</i> the leading to his
hand.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Father, into thy hands I <i>commend</i> my
spirit.<BR>
<i>Luke xxiii. 46.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To recommend as worthy of confidence
or regard; to present as worthy of notice or favorable
attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among the objects of knowledge, two especially
<i>commend</i> themselves to our contemplation.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>commend</i> unto you Phebe our sister.<BR>
<i>Rom. xvi. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mention with approbation; to
praise; as, to <i>commend</i> a person or an act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Historians <i>commend</i> Alexander for weeping
when he read the actions of Achilles.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mention by way of courtesy,
implying remembrance and good will.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Commend</i> me to my brother.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mend"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Commendation; praise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Speak in his just <i>commend</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Compliments;
greetings.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hearty <i>commends</i> and much endeared love to
you.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mend"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> (Formerly
accented on the first syllable.) [L. <i>commendabilis</i>.]
<def>Worthy of being commended or praised; laudable;
praiseworthy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Order and decent ceremonies in the church are not
only comely but <i>commendable</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Com*mend"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Com*mend"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Com*men"dam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. dare in
<i>commendam</i> to give into trust.] <i>(Eng. Eccl. Law)</i>
<def>A vacant living or benefice commended to a cleric (usually a
bishop) who enjoyed the revenue until a pastor was provided. A
living so held was said to be held <i>in commendam</i>. The
practice was abolished by law in 1836.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was [formerly] some sense for
<i>commendams</i>.<BR>
<i>Selden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Partnership in commendam</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Partnership</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*mend"a*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>commendataire</i>, LL. <i>commendatarius</i>.] <def>One who
holds a living <i>in commendam</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`men*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commendatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
commending; praise; favorable representation in words;
recommendation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Need we . . . epistles of <i>commendation</i>?<BR>
<i>2 Cor. iii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By the <i>commendation</i> of the great
officers.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is the ground of
approbation or praise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good nature is the most godlike
<i>commendation</i> of a man.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A message of affection or
respect; compliments; greeting.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hark you, Margaret;<BR>
No princely <i>commendations</i> to my king?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mend"a*tor</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.]
<def>One who holds a benefice in commendam; a commendatary.</def>
<i>Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mend"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commendatorius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving to
commend; containing praise or commendation; commending;
praising.</def> "<i>Commendatory</i> verses." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Holding a benefice <i>in
commendam</i>; as, a <i>commendatory</i> bishop.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Commendatory prayer</b></col> <i>(Book of Common
Prayer)</i>, <cd>a prayer read over the dying.</cd> "The
<i>commendatory prayer</i> was said for him, and, as it ended, he
[William III.] died." <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mend"a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
commendation; eulogy.</def> [R.] "<i>Commendatories</i> to our
affection." <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
commends or praises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*men"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>commensalis</i>; L. <i>com-</i> + <i>mensa</i> table: cf. F.
<i>commensal</i>. Cf. Mensal.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
eats at the same table.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal, not
truly parasitic, which lives in, with, or on, another, partaking
usually of the same food. Both species may be benefited by the
association.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*men"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
character of a commensal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*men"sal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of eating together; table fellowship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`men*sal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Fellowship at table; the act or practice of eating at the
same table.</def> [Obs.] "Promiscuous <i>commensality</i>."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`men*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Commensality.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Daniel . . . declined pagan
<i>commensation</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*men`su*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>commensurabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
commensurable.</def> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*men"su*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commensurabilis</i>; pref. <i>com-</i> + <i>mensurable</i>.
See <u>Commensurate</u>, and cf. <u>Commeasurable</u>.]
<def>Having a common measure; capable of being exactly measured
by the same number, quantity, or measure.</def> --
<wf>Com*men"su*ra*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Commensurable numbers</b></col> or
<col><b>quantities</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>those that can
be exactly expressed by some common unit; thus a foot and yard
are <i>commensurable</i>, since both can be expressed in terms of
an inch, one being 12 inches, the other 36 inches.</cd> --
<col><b>Numbers</b></col>, or <col><b>Quantities</b></col>,
<col><b>commensurable in power</b></col>, <cd>those whose squares
are commensurable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*men"su*ra*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
a commensurable manner; so as to be commensurable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*men"su*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commensurated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Commensurating</u>.] [Pref. <i>com-</i>
+ <i>mensurate</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to a
common measure.</def> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To proportionate; to adjust.</def>
<i>T. Puller</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*men"su*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a common measure; commensurable;
reducible to a common measure; as, <i>commensurate</i>
quantities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Equal in measure or extent;
proportionate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who are persuaded that they shall continue
forever, can not choose but aspire after a happiness
<i>commensurate</i> to their duration.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*men"su*rate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a commensurate manner; so as to be
equal or proportionate; adequately.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With equal measure or extent.</def>
<i>Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*men"su*rate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being commensurate.</def> <i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*men`su*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>commensuration</i>.] <def>The act of commensurating; the state
of being commensurate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All fitness lies in a particular
<i>commensuration</i>, or proportion of one thing to another.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"ment</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Commenting</u>.] [F. <i>commenter</i>, L.
<i>commentari</i> to meditate upon, explain, v. intens. of
<i>comminisci</i>, <i>commentus</i>, to reflect upon, invent;
<i>com-</i> + the root of <i>meminisse</i> to remember,
<i>mens</i> mind. See <u>Mind</u>.] <def>To make remarks,
observations, or criticism; especially, to write notes on the
works of an author, with a view to illustrate his meaning, or to
explain particular passages; to write annotations; -- often
followed by <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A physician to <i>comment</i> on your malady.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Critics . . . proceed to <i>comment</i> on
him.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I must translate and <i>comment</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"ment</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To comment
on.</def> [Archaic.] <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>comment</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A remark, observation,
or criticism; gossip; discourse; talk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their lavish <i>comment</i> when her name was
named.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A note or observation intended to
explain, illustrate, or criticise the meaning of a writing, book,
etc.; explanation; annotation; exposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the volumes of philosophy,<BR>
With all their <i>comments</i>.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"men*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Commentaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>commentarius</i>,
<i>commentarium</i>, note book, commentary: cf. F.
<i>commentaire</i>. See <u>Comment</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A series of comments or annotations;
esp., a book of explanations or expositions on the whole or a
part of the Scriptures or of some other work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This letter . . . was published by him with a
severe <i>commentary</i>.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brief account of transactions or
events written hastily, as if for a memorandum; -- usually in the
plural; as, Caesar's <i>Commentaries</i> on the Gallic
War.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"men*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commentatus</i>, p. p. of <i>commentari</i> to meditate.]
<def>To write comments or notes upon; to make comments.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Commentate</i> upon it, and return it
enriched.<BR>
<i>Lamb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com`men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of commenting or
criticising; exposition.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The spirit of <i>commentation</i>.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The result of the labors of a
commentator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"men*ta`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commentator</i>: cf. F. <i>commentateur</i>.] <def>One who
writes a commentary or comments; an expositor; an
annotator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>commentator's</i> professed object is to
explain, to enforce, to illustrate doctrines claimed as true.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com`men*ta*to"ri*al</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to the making of commentaries.</def>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"men*ta`tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The office or occupation of a commentator.</def></p>

<p><! p. 285 !></p>

<p><hw>Com"ment`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes or writes comments; a commentator; an annotator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`men*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commentitius</i>.] <def>Fictitious or imaginary; unreal; as, a
<i>commentitious</i> system of religion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"merce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> (Formerly
accented on the second syllable.) [F. <i>commerce</i>, L.
<i>commercium</i>; <i>com-</i> + <i>merx</i>, <i>mercis</i>,
merchandise. See <u>Merchant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
exchange or buying and selling of commodities; esp. the exchange
of merchandise, on a large scale, between different places or
communities; extended trade or traffic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The public becomes powerful in proportion to the
opulence and extensive <i>commerce</i> of private men.<BR>
<i>Hume.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Social intercourse; the dealings of
one person or class in society with another;
familiarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fifteen years of thought, observation, and
<i>commerce</i> with the world had made him [Bunyan] wiser.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sexual intercourse.</def> <i>W.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A round game at cards, in which the
cards are subject to exchange, barter, or trade.</def>
<i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chamber of commerce</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Chamber</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Trade; traffic; dealings; intercourse;
interchange; communion; communication.</p>

<p><hw>Com*merce"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commerced</u> (#); <pos><i>p>.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Commercing</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>commercer</i>, fr. LL. <i>commerciare</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To carry on trade; to traffic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Beware you <i>commerce</i> not with bankrupts.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold intercourse; to commune.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Commercing</i> with himself.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Musicians . . . taught the people in angelic
harmonies to <i>commerce</i> with heaven.<BR>
<i>Prof. Wilson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mer"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>commercial</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to commerce; carrying
on or occupied with commerce or trade; mercantile; as,
<i>commercial</i> advantages; <i>commercial</i> relations.</def>
"Princely <i>commercial houses</i>." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Commercial college</b></col>, <cd>a school for giving
instruction in commercial knowledge and business.</cd> --
<col><b>Commercial law</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Law</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Commercial note paper</b></col>, <cd>a small size of
writing paper, usually about 5 by 7&frac12; or 8 inches.</cd> --
<col><b>Commercial paper</b></col>, <cd>negotiable paper given in
due course of business. It includes bills of exchange, promissory
notes, bank checks, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Commercial
traveler</b></col>, <cd>an agent of a wholesale house who travels
from town to town to solicit orders.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Mercantile</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*mer"cial*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
commercial spirit or method.</def> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mer"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
commercial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mi*grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commigrare</i>, <i>commigratum</i>.] <def>To migrate
together.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Com`mi*gra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commigratio</i>.] <def>Migration together.</def> [R.]
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comminatio</i>, from <i>comminari</i> to threaten; <i>com-
</i> + <i>minari</i> to threaten: cf. F. <i>commination</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A threat or threatening; a denunciation
of punishment or vengeance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With terrible <i>comminations</i> to all them that
did resist.<BR>
<i>Foxe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Those thunders of <i>commination</i>.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An office in the liturgy of the Church
of England, used on Ash Wednesday, containing a recital of God's
anger and judgments against sinners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*min"a*to"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>comminatoire</i>.] <def>Threatening or denouncing punishment;
as, <i>comminatory</i> terms.</def> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*min"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commingled</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Commingling</u> (?).] <def>To mingle
together; to mix in one mass, or intimately; to blend.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"mi*nute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Comminuted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Comminuting</u>.] [L. <i>comminutus</i>, p.
p. of <i>comminuere</i> to comminute; <i>com-</i> +
<i>minuere</i> to lessen. See <u>Minute</u>.] <def>To reduce to
minute particles, or to a fine powder; to pulverize; to
triturate; to grind; as, to <i>comminute</i> chalk or bones; to
<i>comminute</i> food with the teeth.</def> <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Comminuted fracture</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fracture</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com`mi*nu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of reducing to a fine powder or
to small particles; pulverization; the state of being
comminuted.</def> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Fracture (of a bone)
into a number of pieces.</def> <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gradual diminution by the removal of
small particles at a time; a lessening; a wearing away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Natural and necessary <i>comminution</i> of our
lives.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mis"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pitiable.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mis"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commiserated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Commiserating</u>.] [L.
<i>commiseratus</i>, p. p. of <i>commiserari</i> to commiserate;
<i>com-</i> + <i>miserari</i> to pity. See <u>Miserable</u>.]
<def>To feel sorrow, pain, or regret for; to pity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then must we those, who groan, beneath the
weight<BR>
Of age, disease, or want, <i>commiserate</i>.<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We should <i>commiserate</i> our mutual
ignorance.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To pity; compassionate; lament; condole.</p>

<p><hw>Com*mis`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>commis&eacute;ration</i>, fr. L. <i>commiseratio</i> a part of
an oration intended to excite compassion.] <def>The act of
commiserating; sorrow for the wants, afflictions, or distresses
of another; pity; compassion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And pluck <i>commiseration</i> of his state<BR>
From brassy bosoms and rough hearts of flint.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Sympathy</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*mis"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Feeling or expressing commiseration.</def> <i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mis"er*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who pities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`mis*sa"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a commissary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`mis*sa"ri*at</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>commissariat</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
organized system by which armies and military posts are supplied
with food and daily necessaries.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The body of officers charged with such service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mis*sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Commissaries</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>commissarius</i>, fr.
L. <i>commissus</i>, p. p. of <i>committere</i> to commit,
intrust to. See <u>Commit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One to
whom is committed some charge, duty, or office, by a superior
power; a commissioner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great Destiny, the <i>Commissary</i> of God.<BR>
<i>Donne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An officer of the
bishop, who exercises ecclesiastical jurisdiction in parts of the
diocese at a distance from the residence of the bishop.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
officer having charge of a special service; as, the
<i>commissary</i> of musters.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
officer whose business is to provide food for a body of troops or
a military post; -- officially called <i>commissary of
subsistence</i>.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Washington wrote to the President of Congress . .
. urging the appointment of a commissary general, a quartermaster
general, a <i>commissary</i> of musters, and a <i>commissary</i>
of artillery.<BR>
<i>W. Irving</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Commissary general</b></col>, <cd>an officer in charge
of some special department of army service</cd>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The officer in charge of the commissariat
and transport department, or of the ordnance store
department.</cd> [Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The commissary
general of subsistence.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>Commissary
general of subsistence</b></col> <i>(Mil. U. S.)</i>, <cd>the
head of the subsistence department, who has charge of the
purchase and issue of provisions for the army.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com"mis*sa*ry*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office or employment of a commissary.</def> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>commissio</i>. See <u>Commit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of committing, doing, or performing; the act of
perpetrating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>commission</i> of sin introduces into the
soul a certain degree of hardness.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of intrusting; a charge;
instructions as to how a trust shall be executed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The duty or employment intrusted to
any person or persons; a trust; a charge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A formal written warrant or authority,
granting certain powers or privileges and authorizing or
commanding the performance of certain duties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him see our <i>commission</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A certificate conferring military or
naval rank and authority; as, a colonel's
<i>commission</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A company of persons joined in the
performance of some duty or the execution of some trust; as, the
interstate commerce <i>commission</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>commission</i> was at once appointed to
examine into the matter.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
acting under authority of, or on account of, another.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The thing to be done as agent for
another; as, I have three <i>commissions</i> for the city.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The brokerage or allowance made to a
factor or agent for transacting business for another; as, a
<i>commission</i> of ten per cent on sales. See <u>Del
credere</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Commission of array</b></col>. <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Array</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Commission of
bankruptcy</b></col>, <cd>a commission appointing and empowering
certain persons to examine into the facts relative to an alleged
bankruptcy, and to secure the bankrupt's lands and effects for
the creditors.</cd> -- <col><b>Commission of lunacy</b></col>,
<cd>a commission authorizing an inquiry whether a person is a
lunatic or not.</cd> -- <col><b>Commission merchant</b></col>,
<cd>one who buys or sells goods on commission, as the agent of
others, receiving a rate per cent as his compensation.</cd> --
<col><b>Commission, or Commissioned</b></col>,
<col><b>officer</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>one who has a
commission, in distinction from a noncommissioned or warrant
officer.</cd> -- <col><b>Commission of the peace</b></col>, <cd>a
commission under the great seal, constituting one or more persons
justices of the peace.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>To put a vessel
into commission</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to equip and man a
government vessel, and send it out on service after it has been
laid up; esp.,  the formal act of taking command of a vessel for
service, hoisting the flag, reading the orders, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>To put a vessel out of commission</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to detach the officers and crew and retire it
from active service, temporarily or permanently.</cd> --
<col><b>To put</b></col> <col><b>the great seal, or the
Treasury</b></col>, <col><b>into commission</b></col>, <cd>to
place it in the hands of a commissioner or commissioners during
the abeyance of the ordinary administration, as between the going
out of one lord keeper and the accession of another.</cd> [Eng.]
-- <col><b>The United States Christian Commission</b></col>,
<cd>an organization among the people of the North, during the
Civil War, which afforded material comforts to the Union
soldiers, and performed services of a religious character in the
field and in hospitals.</cd> -- <col><b>The United States
Sanitary Commission</b></col>, <cd>an organization formed by the
people of the North to co&ouml;perate with and supplement the
medical department of the Union armies during the Civil
War.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Charge; warrant; authority; mandate; office;
trust; employment.</p>

<p><hw>Com*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commissioned</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Commissioning</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a commission to; to furnish with
a commission; to empower or authorize; as, to <i>commission</i>
persons to perform certain acts; to <i>commission</i> an
officer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send out with a charge or
commission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A chosen band<BR>
He first <i>commissions</i> to the Latian land.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To appoint; depute; authorize; empower;
delegate; constitute; ordain.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Com*mis"sion*al</hw> (?), <hw>Com*mis"sion*a*ry</hw> (?)
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or conferring, a
commission; conferred by a commission or warrant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Delegate or <i>commissionary</i> authority.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mis"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
commission</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*mis"sion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person who has a commission or warrant
to perform some office, or execute some business, for the
government, corporation, or person employing him; as, a
<i>commissioner</i> to take affidavits or to adjust
claims.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To another address which requested that a
commission might be sent to examine into the state of things in
Ireland, William returned a gracious answer, and desired the
Commons to name the <i>commissioners</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An officer having charge of some
department or bureau of the public service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Herbert was first <i>commissioner</i> of the
Admiralty.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>commissioner</i> of patents, the
<i>commissioner</i> of the land office, the <i>commissioner</i>
of Indian affairs, are subordinates of the secretary of the
interior.<BR>
<i>Bartlett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Commissioner of deeds</b></col>, <cd>an officer having
authority to take affidavits, depositions, acknowledgment of
deeds, etc., for use in the State by which he is appointed.</cd>
[U. S.] -- <col><b>County commissioners</b></col>, <cd>certain
administrative officers in some of the States, invested by local
laws with various powers in reference to the roads, courthouses,
financial matters, etc., of the county.</cd> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Com*mis`sion*naire"</hw> (?; F. ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., fr. L. <i>commissio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An agent
or factor; a commission merchant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a class of attendants, in some
European cities, who perform miscellaneous services for
travelers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mis"sion*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office of commissioner.</def> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mis"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to commission; of the nature of, or involving, commission.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*mis"su*ral</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to a commissure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mis"sure</hw> (? or ?; 134-6), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>commissura</i> a joining together: cf. F.
<i>commissure</i>. See <u>Commit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
joint, seam, or closure; the place where two bodies, or parts of
a body, meet and unite; an interstice, cleft, or
juncture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The point of union between two parts, as
the angles of the lips or eyelids, the mandibles of a bird,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A collection of fibers
connecting parts of the brain or spinal marrow; a
chiasma.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The line of junction or
cohering face of two carpels, as in the parsnip, caraway,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Committed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Committing</u>.] [L. <i>committere</i>,
<i>commissum</i>, to connect, commit; <i>com-</i> +
<i>mittere</i> to send. See <u>Mission</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To give in trust; to put into charge or keeping; to intrust;
to consign; -- used with <i>to</i>, <i>unto</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Commit</i> thy way unto the Lord.<BR>
<i>Ps. xxxvii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid him farewell, <i>commit</i> him to the
grave.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put in charge of a jailor; to
imprison.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These two were <i>committed</i>.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To do; to perpetrate, as a crime, sin,
or fault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not <i>commit</i> adultery.<BR>
<i>Ex. xx. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To join for a contest; to match; --
followed by <i>with</i>.</def> [R.] <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To pledge or bind; to compromise,
expose, or endanger by some decisive act or preliminary step; --
often used reflexively; as, to <i>commit</i> one's self to a
certain course.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You might have satisfied every duty of political
friendship, without <i>commiting</i> the honor of your
sovereign.<BR>
<i>Junius.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Any sudden assent to the proposal . . . might
possibly be considered as <i>committing</i> the faith of the
United States.<BR>
<i>Marshall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To confound.</def> [An obsolete
Latinism.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Committing</i> short and long [quantities].<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To commit a bill</b></col> <i>(Legislation)</i>,
<cd>to refer or intrust it to a committee or others, to be
considered and reported.</cd> -- <col><b>To commit to
memory</b></col>, or <col><b>To commit</b></col>, <cd>to learn by
heart; to memorize.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>To Commit</u>, <u>Intrust</u>,
<u>Consign</u>.  These words have in common the idea of
transferring from one's self to the care and custody of another.
<i>Commit</i> is the widest term, and may express only the
general idea of delivering into the charge of another; as, to
<i>commit</i> a lawsuit to the care of an attorney; or it may
have the special sense of intrusting with or without limitations,
as to a superior power, or to a careful servant, or of
consigning, as to writing or paper, to the flames, or to prison.
To <i>intrust</i> denotes the act of committing to the exercise
of confidence or trust; as, to <i>intrust</i> a friend with the
care of a child, or with a secret. To <i>consign</i> is a more
formal act, and regards the thing transferred as placed chiefly
or wholly out of one's immediate control; as, to <i>consign</i> a
pupil to the charge of his instructor; to <i>consign</i> goods to
an agent for sale; to <i>consign</i> a work to the press.</p>

<p><hw>Com"mit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sin; esp.,
to be incontinent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Commit</i> not with man's sworn spouse.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mit"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of committing, or putting in
charge, keeping, or trust; consignment; esp., the act of
committing to prison.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were glad to compound for his bare
<i>commitment</i> to the Tower, whence he was within few days
enlarged.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A warrant or order for the
imprisonment of a person; -- more frequently termed a
<i>mittimus</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of referring or intrusting to
a committee for consideration and report; as, the
<i>commitment</i> of a petition or a bill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A doing, or perpetration, in a bad
sense, as of a crime or blunder; commission.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of pledging or engaging; the
act of exposing, endangering, or compromising; also, the state of
being pledged or engaged.</def> <i>Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mit"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being committed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mit"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
committing, or the state of being committed;
commitment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mit"tee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>comit&eacute;</i> company, and LL. <i>comitatus</i>
jurisdiction or territory of a count, county, assize, army. The
word was apparently influenced by the verb <i>commit</i>, but not
directly formed from it. Cf. <u>County</u>.] <def>One or more
persons elected or appointed, to whom any matter or business is
referred, either by a legislative body, or by a court, or by any
collective body of men acting together.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Committee of the whole [house]</b></col>, <cd>a
committee, embracing all the members present, into which a
legislative or deliberative body sometimes resolves itself, for
the purpose of considering a particular measure under the
operation of different rules from those governing the general
legislative proceedings. The <i>committee of the whole</i> has
its own chairman, and reports its action in the form of
recommendations.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing committee</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Standing</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 286 !></p>

<p><hw>Com`mit*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Commit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One to
whom the charge of the person or estate of another, as of a
lunatic, is committed by suitable authority; a
guardian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mit"tee*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
member of a committee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who commits; one who does or
perpetrates.</def> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fornicator.</def> [Obs.] <i>T.
Decker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mit"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being committed; liable to be committed.</def> [R.] <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commixed</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Commixing</u>.] [Pref. <i>com-</i> +
<i>mix</i>: cf. L. <i>commixtus</i>, p. p. of <i>commiscere</i>.
See <u>Mix</u>.] <def>To mix or mingle together; to
blend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>commixed</i> impressions of all the colors
do stir up and beget a sensation of white.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>commix</i><BR>
With winds that sailors rail at.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mix"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Commix</u>.] <def>Commixture.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mix"tion</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commixtio</i>.] <def>Commixture; mingling.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An exact <i>commixtion</i> of the ingredients.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mix"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commixtura</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
mixing; the state of being mingled; the blending of ingredients
in one mass or compound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>commixture</i> of anything that is more
oily or sweet, such bodies are least apt to putrefy.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mass formed by mingling different
things; a compound; a mixture.</def> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"mo*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commodatum</i> thing lent, loan.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A
gratuitous loan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mode"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>commode</i>, fr. <i>commode</i> convenient, L.
<i>commodus</i>; <i>com-</i> + <i>modus</i> measure, mode. See
<u>Mode</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of headdress
formerly worn by ladies, raising the hair and fore part of the
cap to a great height.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or under high <i>commodes</i>, with looks
erect.<BR>
<i>Granville.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of furniture, so named
according to temporary fashion</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A chest of drawers or a bureau.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A night stand with a compartment for holding a chamber
vessel.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A kind of close
stool.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A movable sink or stand for
a wash bowl, with closet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mo"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>commodiosus</i>, fr. L. <i>commodum</i> convenience, fr.
<i>commodus</i>. See <u>Commode</u>.] <def>Adapted to its use or
purpose, or to wants and necessities; serviceable; spacious and
convenient; roomy and comfortable; as, a <i>commodious</i>
house.</def> "A <i>commodious</i> drab." <i>Shak.</i>
"<i>Commodious</i> gold." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The haven was not <i>commodious</i> to winter
in.<BR>
<i>Acts xxvii. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Convenient; suitable; fit; proper;
advantageous; serviceable; useful; spacious; comfortable.</p>

<p><hw>Com*mo"di*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
commodious manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To pass <i>commodiously</i> this life.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mo"di*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State
of being commodious; suitableness for its purpose; convenience;
roominess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of cities, the greatness and riches increase
according to the <i>commodiousness</i> of their situation.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>commodiousness</i> of the harbor.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mod"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Commodities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>commodit&eacute;</i>,
fr. L. <i>commoditas</i>. See <u>Commode</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Convenience; accommodation; profit; benefit; advantage;
interest; commodiousness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Drawn by the <i>commodity</i> of a footpath.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Men may seek their own <i>commodity</i>, yet if
this were done with injury to others, it was not to be
suffered.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which affords convenience,
advantage, or profit, especially in commerce, including
everything movable that is bought and sold (except animals), --
goods, wares, merchandise, produce of land and manufactures,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A parcel or quantity of goods.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>commodity</i> of brown paper and old
ginger.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"mo*dore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. a
corruption of <i>commander</i>, or Sp. <i>comendador</i> a knight
of a military order who holds a commandery; also a superior of a
monastery, fr. LL. <i>commendare</i> to command. Cf.
<u>Commend</u>, <u>Command</u>, <u>Commander</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(U. S. Navy)</i> <def>An officer who ranks
next above a captain; sometimes, by courtesy, the senior captain
of a squadron. The rank of commodore corresponds with that of
brigadier general in the army.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(British Navy)</i> <def>A captain
commanding a squadron, or a division of a fleet, or having the
temporary rank of rear admiral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A title given by courtesy to the
senior captain of a line of merchant vessels, and also to the
chief officer of a yachting or rowing club.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A familiar for the flagship, or for
the principal vessel of a squadron or fleet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Commoner</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Commonest</u>.] [OE. <i>commun</i>,
<i>comon</i>, OF. <i>comun</i>, F. <i>commun</i>, fr. L.
<i>communis</i>; <i>com-</i> + <i>munis</i> ready to be of
service; cf. Skr. <i>mi</i> to make fast, set up, build, Goth.
<i>gamains</i> common, G. <i>gemein</i>, and E. <i>mean</i> low,
common. Cf. <u>Immunity</u>, <u>Commune</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
& <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging or
relating equally, or similarly, to more than one; as, you and I
have a <i>common</i> interest in the property.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though life and sense be <i>common</i> to men and
brutes.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to or shared by, affecting
or serving, all the members of a class, considered together;
general; public; as, properties <i>common</i> to all plants; the
<i>common</i> schools; the Book of <i>Common</i>
Prayer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such actions as the <i>common</i> good
requireth.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>common</i> enemy of man.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Often met with; usual; frequent;
customary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grief more than <i>common</i> grief.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not distinguished or exceptional;
inconspicuous; ordinary; plebeian; -- often in a depreciatory
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The honest, heart-felt enjoyment of <i>common</i>
life.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This fact was infamous<BR>
And ill beseeming any <i>common</i> man,<BR>
Much more a knight, a captain and a leader.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Above the vulgar flight of <i>common</i>
souls.<BR>
<i>A. Murphy.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Profane; polluted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What God hath cleansed, that call not thou
<i>common</i>.<BR>
<i>Acts x. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Given to habits of lewdness;
prostitute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dame who herself was <i>common</i>.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Common bar</b></col> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Blank
bar</i>, under <u>Blank</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Common
barrator</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one who makes a business of
instigating litigation.</cd> -- <col><b>Common Bench</b></col>,
<cd>a name sometimes given to the English Court of Common
Pleas.</cd> -- <col><b>Common brawler</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>one addicted to public brawling and quarreling. See
<u>Brawler</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Common carrier</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one who undertakes the office of carrying
(goods or persons) for hire. Such a carrier is bound to carry in
all cases when he has accommodation, and when his fixed price is
tendered, and he is liable for all losses and injuries to the
goods, except those which happen in consequence of the act of
God, or of the enemies of the country, or of the owner of the
property himself.</cd> -- <col><b>Common chord</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a chord consisting of the fundamental tone,
with its third and fifth.</cd> -- <col><b>Common
council</b></col>, <cd>the representative (legislative) body, or
the lower branch of the representative body, of a city or other
municipal corporation.</cd> -- <col><b>Common crier</b></col>,
<cd>the crier of a town or city.</cd> -- <col><b>Common
divisor</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a number or quantity that
divides two or more numbers or quantities without a remainder; a
common measure.</cd> -- <col><b>Common gender</b></col>
<i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>the gender comprising words that may be of
either the masculine or the feminine gender.</cd> --
<col><b>Common law</b></col>, <cd>a system of jurisprudence
developing under the guidance of the courts so as to apply a
consistent and reasonable rule to each litigated case. It may be
superseded by statute, but unless superseded it controls.</cd>
<i>Wharton.</i> It is by others defined as the unwritten law
(especially of England), the law that receives its binding force
from immemorial usage and universal reception, as ascertained and
expressed in the judgments of the courts. This term is often used
in contradistinction from <i>statute law</i>. Many use it to
designate a law <i>common</i> to the whole country. It is also
used to designate the whole body of English (or other) law, as
distinguished from its subdivisions, local, civil, admiralty,
equity, etc. See <u>Law</u>. -- <col><b>Common lawyer</b></col>,
<cd>one versed in common law.</cd> -- <col><b>Common
lewdness</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the habitual performance of
lewd acts in public.</cd> -- <col><b>Common multiple</b></col>
<i>(Arith.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Multiple</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Common noun</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>the name of any
one of a class of objects, as distinguished from a <i>proper
noun</i> (the name of a particular person or thing).</cd> --
<col><b>Common nuisance</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that which is
deleterious to the health or comfort or sense of decency of the
community at large.</cd> -- <col><b>Common pleas</b></col>,
<cd>one of the three superior courts of common law at
Westminster, presided over by a chief justice and four puisne
judges. Its jurisdiction is confined to civil matters. Courts
bearing this title exist in several of the United States, having,
however, in some cases, both civil and criminal jurisdiction
extending over the whole State. In other States the jurisdiction
of the common pleas is limited to a county, and it is sometimes
called a <i>county court</i>. Its powers are generally defined by
statute.</cd> -- <col><b>Common prayer</b></col>, <cd>the liturgy
of the Church of England, or of the Protestant Episcopal church
of the United States, which all its clergy are enjoined to use.
It is contained in the Book of Common Prayer.</cd> --
<col><b>Common school</b></col>, <cd>a school maintained at the
public expense, and open to all.</cd> -- <col><b>Common
scold</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a woman addicted to scolding
indiscriminately, in public.</cd> -- <col><b>Common
seal</b></col>, <cd>a seal adopted and used by a
corporation.</cd> -- <col><b>Common sense</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A supposed sense which was held to be the
common bond of all the others.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Trench.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Sound judgment. See under
<u>Sense</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Common time</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>that variety of time in which the measure
consists of two or of four equal portions.</cd> -- <col><b>In
common</b></col>, <cd>equally with another, or with others;
owned, shared, or used, in community with others; affecting or
affected equally.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of the common</b></col>,
<cd>uncommon; extraordinary.</cd> -- <col><b>Tenant in
common</b></col>, <cd>one holding real or personal property in
common with others, having distinct but undivided interests. See
<i>Joint tenant</i>, under <u>Joint</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To make
common cause with</b></col>, <cd>to join or ally one's self
with.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- General; public; popular; national; universal;
frequent; ordinary; customary; usual; familiar; habitual; vulgar;
mean; trite; stale; threadbare; commonplace. See <u>Mutual</u>,
<u>Ordinary</u>, <u>General</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The people; the community.</def> [Obs.] "The weal o' the
<i>common</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inclosed or uninclosed tract of
ground for pleasure, for pasturage, etc., the use of which
belongs to the public; or to a number of persons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The right of taking a
profit in the land of another, in common either with the owner or
with other persons; -- so called from the community of interest
which arises between the claimant of the right and the owner of
the soil, or between the claimants and other commoners entitled
to the same right.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Common appendant</b></col>, <cd>a right belonging to
the owners or occupiers of arable land to put commonable beasts
upon the waste land in the manor where they dwell.</cd> --
<col><b>Common appurtenant</b></col>, <cd>a similar right
applying to lands in other manors, or extending to other beasts,
besides those which are generally commonable, as hogs.</cd> --
<col><b>Common because of</b></col> <col><b>vicinage or
neighborhood</b></col>, <cd>the right of the inhabitants of each
of two townships, lying contiguous to each other, which have
usually intercommoned with one another, to let their beasts stray
into the other's fields.</cd> - - <col><b>Common</b></col>
<col><b>in gross or at large</b></col>, <cd>a common annexed to a
man's person, being granted to him and his heirs by deed; or it
may be claimed by prescriptive right, as by a parson of a church
or other corporation sole.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> --
<col><b>Common of estovers</b></col>, <cd>the right of taking
wood from another's estate.</cd> -- <col><b>Common of
pasture</b></col>, <cd>the right of feeding beasts on the land of
another.</cd> <i>Burill.</i> -- <col><b>Common of
piscary</b></col>, <cd>the right of fishing in waters belonging
to another.</cd> -- <col><b>Common of turbary</b></col>, <cd>the
right of digging turf upon the ground of another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To converse together; to discourse; to confer.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Embassadors were sent upon both parts, and divers
means of entreaty were <i>commoned</i> of.<BR>
<i>Grafton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To participate.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have a joint right with others in
common ground.</def> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To board together; to eat at a table
in common.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Held in common.</def> "Forests . . . and
other <i>commonable</i> places." <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Allowed to pasture on public
commons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Commonable</i> beasts are either beasts of the
plow, or such as manure the ground.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>communage</i>.] <def>The right of pasturing on a common; the
right of using anything in common with others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The claim of <i>commonage</i> . . . in most of the
forests.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Commonalties</b></plw> (#). [OF.
<i>communalt&eacute;</i>; F. <i>communaut&eacute;</i>, fr.
<i>communal</i>. See <u>Communal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The common people; those classes and conditions of people
who are below the rank of nobility; the commons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>commonalty</i>, like the nobility, are
divided into several degrees.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The ancient fare of our kings differed from that
of the <i>commonalty</i> in plenteousness only.<BR>
<i>Landon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The majority or bulk of mankind.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the common people; one having no
rank of nobility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All below them [the peers] even their children,
were <i>commoners</i>, and in the eye of the law equal to each
other.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of the House of
Commons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who has a joint right in common
ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Much good land might be gained from forests . . .
and from other commonable places, so as always there be a due
care taken that the poor <i>commoners</i> have no injury.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One sharing with another in
anything.</def> [Obs.] <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A student in the university of Oxford,
Eng., who is not dependent on any foundation for support, but
pays all university charges; - - at Cambridge called a
<i>pensioner</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A prostitute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
common; commonplace; vulgar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`mo*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commonitio</i>. See <u>Monition</u>.] <def>Advice; warning;
instruction.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mon"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Monitory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Only commemorative and <i>commonitive</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mon"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commonitorius</i>.] <def>Calling to mind; giving
admonition.</def> [Obs.] <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Usually; generally; ordinarily;
frequently; for the most part; as, confirmed habits
<i>commonly</i> continue through life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In common; familiarly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>State or quality of being common or usual; as, the
<i>commonness</i> of sunlight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Triteness; meanness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*place`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Common;
ordinary; trite; as, a <i>commonplace</i> person, or
observation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*place`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An idea or expression wanting originality
or interest; a trite or customary remark; a platitude.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A memorandum; something to be
frequently consulted or referred to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever, in my reading, occurs concerning this
our fellow creature, I do never fail to set it down by way of
<i>commonplace</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Commonplace book</b></col>, <cd>a book in which
records are made of things to be remembered.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*place`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enter
in a commonplace book, or to reduce to general heads.</def>
<i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*place`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter
commonplaces; to indulge in platitudes.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*place`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being commonplace; commonness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mons</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>,
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The mass of the people, as distinguished
from the titled classes or nobility; the commonalty; the common
people.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>'T is like the <i>commons</i>, rude unpolished
hinds,<BR>
Could send such message to their sovereign.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The word <i>commons</i> in its present ordinary
signification comprises all the people who are under the rank of
peers.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The House of Commons, or lower house
of the British Parliament, consisting of representatives elected
by the qualified voters of counties, boroughs, and
universities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is agreed that the <i>Commons</i> were no part
of the great council till some ages after the Conquest.<BR>
<i>Hume.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Provisions; food; fare, -- as that
provided at a common table in colleges and
universities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>commons</i>, though but coarse, were
nothing scant.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A club or association for boarding at
a common table, as in a college, the members sharing the expenses
equally; as, to board in <i>commons</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A common; public pasture
ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To shake his ears, and graze in
<i>commons</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Doctors' Commons</b></col>, <cd>a place near St.
Paul's Churchyard in London where the doctors of civil law used
to common together, and where were the ecclesiastical and
admiralty courts and offices having jurisdiction of marriage
licenses, divorces, registration of wills, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>To be on short commons</b></col>, <cd>to have a small
allowance of food.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Com"mon sense"</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Common sense</i>,
under <u>Sense</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots
Law)</i> <def>A common; a piece of land in which two or more
persons have a common right.</def> <i>Bell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*weal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Common</i> + <i>weal</i>.] <def>Commonwealth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a prince,<BR>
So kind a father of the <i>commonweal</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"mon*wealth`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Common</i> + <i>wealth</i> well-being.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A state; a body politic consisting of a certain number of
men, united, by compact or tacit agreement, under one form of
government and system of laws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The trappings of a monarchy would set up an
ordinary <i>commonwealth</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; This term is applied to governments which are
considered as free or popular, but rarely, or improperly, to an
absolute government. The word signifies, strictly, the <i>common
well-being</i> or <i>happiness</i>; and hence, a form of
government in which the general welfare is regarded rather than
the welfare of any class.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole body of people in a state;
the public.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>Specifically, the
form of government established on the death of Charles I., in
1649, which existed under Oliver Cromwell and his son Richard,
ending with the abdication of the latter in 1659.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- State; realm; republic.</p>

<p><! p. 287 !></p>

<p><hw>Com"mo*rance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Commorancy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mo*ran*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A dwelling or ordinary
residence in a place; habitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Commorancy</i> consists in usually lying
there.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Am. Law)</i> <def>Residence
temporarily, or for a short time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mo*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commorans</i>, p. pr. of <i>commorari</i> to abide; <i>com-
</i> + <i>morari</i> to delay.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Ordinarily residing; inhabiting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All freeholders within the precinct . . . and all
persons <i>commorant</i> therein.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Am. Law)</i> <def>Inhabiting or
occupying temporarily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mo*rant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
resident.</def> <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`mo*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commoratio</i>.] <def>The act of staying or residing in a
place.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mo"ri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commoriens</i>, p. pr. of <i>commoriri</i>.] <def>Dying
together or at the same time.</def> [R.] <i>Sir G. Buck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*morse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commorsus</i>, p. p. of <i>commordere</i> to bite sharply.]
<def>Remorse.</def> [Obs.] "With sad <i>commorse</i>."
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Commove</u>.] <def>To commove; to disturb; to stir up.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Society being more or less <i>commoted</i> and
made uncomfortable.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commotio</i>: cf. F. <i>commotion</i>. See <u>Motion</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disturbed or violent motion;
agitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[What] <i>commotion</i> in the winds !<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A popular tumult; public disturbance;
riot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When ye shall hear of wars and
<i>commotions</i>.<BR>
<i>Luke xxi. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Agitation, perturbation, or disorder,
of mind; heat; excitement.</def> "He could not debate anything
without some <i>commotion</i>." <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Excitement; agitation; perturbation;
disturbance; tumult; disorder; violence.</p>

<p><hw>Com*move"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commoved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Commoving</u>.] [L. <i>commovere</i>,
<i>commotum</i>; <i>com-</i> + <i>movere</i> to move.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To urge; to persuade; to incite.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put in motion; to disturb; to
unsettle.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Straight the sands,<BR>
<i>Commoved</i> around, in gathering eddies play.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"mu*nal</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>communal</i>.] <def>Pertaining to a commune.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mu*nal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
French theory of government which holds that commune should be a
kind of independent state, and the national government a
confederation of such states, having only limited powers. It is
advocated by advanced French republicans; but it should not be
confounded with communism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"mu*nal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>communaliste</i>.] <def>An advocate of communalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`mu*nal*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to communalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Communed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Communing</u>.] [OF. <i>communier</i>, fr. L.
<i>communicare</i> to communicate, fr. <i>communis</i> common.
See <u>Common</u>, and cf. <u>Communicate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To converse together with sympathy and
confidence; to interchange sentiments or feelings; to take
counsel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would <i>commune</i> with you of such things<BR>
That want no ear but yours.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To receive the communion; to partake
of the eucharist or Lord's supper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>commune</i> under both kinds.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To commune with one's self</b></col> or <col><b>one's
heart</b></col>, <cd>to think; to reflect; to meditate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com"mune</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Communion;
sympathetic intercourse or conversation between
friends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For days of happy <i>commune</i> dead.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"mune</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>commun</i>. See <u>Common</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
commonalty; the common people.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In this struggle -- to use the technical words of
the time -- of the "<i>commune</i>", the general mass of the
inhabitants, against the "prudhommes" or "wiser" few.<BR>
<i>J. R. Green.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small territorial district in France
under the government of a mayor and municipal council; also, the
inhabitants, or the government, of such a district. See
<u>Arrondissement</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Absolute municipal self-
government.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Commune of Paris</b></col>, or <col><b>The
Commune</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The government
established in Paris (1792-94) by a usurpation of supreme power
on the part of representatives chosen by the communes; the period
of its continuance is known as the "Reign of Terror."</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The revolutionary government, modeled on
the commune of 1792, which the communists, so called, attempted
to establish in 1871.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*mu`ni*ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>communicabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
communicable; capability of being imparted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mu"ni*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>communicable</i>, LL. <i>communicabilis</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being communicated, or
imparted; as, a <i>communicable</i> disease; <i>communicable</i>
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Communicative; free-speaking.</def>
[Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Com*mu"ni*ca*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Com*mu"ni*ca"bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Com*mu"ni*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>communicans</i>, p. pr.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
partakes of, or is entitled to partake of, the sacrament of the
Lord's supper; a church member.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A never-failing monthly <i>communicant</i>.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who communicates.</def>
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mu"ni*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Communicating.</def> [R.] <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mu"ni*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Communicated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Communicating</u>.] [L.
<i>communicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>communicare</i> to communicate,
fr. <i>communis</i> common. See <u>Commune</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To share in common; to
participate in.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To thousands that <i>communicate</i> our loss.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impart; to bestow; to convey; as,
to <i>communicate</i> a disease or a sensation; to
<i>communicate</i> motion by means of a crank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where God is worshiped, there he
<i>communicates</i> his blessings and holy influences.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make known; to recount; to give; to
impart; as, to <i>communicate</i> information to any
one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To administer the communion to.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She [the church] . . . may <i>communicate</i>
him.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; This verb was formerly followed by <i>with</i> before
the person receiving, but now usually takes <i>to</i> after
it.</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>communicated</i> those thoughts only with
the Lord Digby.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To impart; bestow; confer; reveal; disclose;
tell; announce; recount; make known.  -- To <u>Communicate</u>,
<u>Impart</u>, <u>Reveal</u>. <i>Communicate</i> is the more
general term, and denotes the allowing of others to partake or
enjoy in common with ourselves. <i>Impart</i> is more specific.
It is giving to others a part of what we had held as our own, or
making them our partners; as, to <i>impart</i> our feelings; to
<i>impart</i> of our property, etc. Hence there is something more
intimate in <i>imparting</i> intelligence than in
<i>communicating</i> it. To <i>reveal</i> is to disclose
something hidden or concealed; as, to <i>reveal</i> a secret.</p>

<p><hw>Com*mu"ni*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To share or participate; to possess or
enjoy in common; to have sympathy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye did <i>communicate</i> with my affliction.<BR>
<i>Philip. iv. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give alms, sympathy, or
aid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To do good and to <i>communicate</i> forget
not.<BR>
<i>Heb. xiii. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have intercourse or to be the means
of intercourse; as, to <i>communicate</i> with another on
business; to be connected; as, a <i>communicating</i>
artery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Subjects suffered to <i>communicate</i> and to
have intercourse of traffic.<BR>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole body is nothing but a system of such
canals, which all <i>communicate</i> with one another.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To partake of the Lord's supper; to
commune.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The primitive Christians <i>communicated</i> every
day.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mu`ni*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>communicatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or fact of
communicating; as, <i>communication</i> of smallpox;
<i>communication</i> of a secret.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intercourse by words, letters, or
messages; interchange of thoughts or opinions, by conference or
other means; conference; correspondence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Argument . . . and friendly
<i>communication</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Association; company.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evil <i>communications</i> corrupt good
manners.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. xv. 33.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Means of communicating; means of
passing from place to place; a connecting passage;
connection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Euxine Sea is conveniently situated for trade,
by the <i>communication</i> it has both with Asia and Europe.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is communicated or
imparted; intelligence; news; a verbal or written
message.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Participation in the Lord's
supper.</def> <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A trope, by which a
speaker assumes that his hearer is a partner in his sentiments,
and says <i>we</i>, instead of <i>I</i> or <i>you</i>.</def>
<i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Correspondence; conference; intercourse.</p>

<p><hw>Com*mu"ni*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>Communicatif</i>, LL. <i>communicativus</i>.] <def>Inclined to
communicate; ready to impart to others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Determine, for the future, to be less
<i>communicative</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mu"ni*ca*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being communicative.</def> <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mu"ni*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>One who communicates.</def> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*mu"ni*ca"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>communicatorius</i>.] <def>Imparting knowledge or
information.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Canonical and <i>communicatory</i> letters.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mun"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>communio</i>: cf. F. <i>communion</i>. See <u>Common</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of sharing; community;
participation.</def> "This <i>communion</i> of goods."
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intercourse between two or more
persons; esp., intimate association and intercourse implying
sympathy and confidence; interchange of thoughts, purposes, etc.;
agreement; fellowship; as, the <i>communion</i> of
saints.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are naturally induced to seek <i>communion</i>
and fellowship with others.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>communion</i> hath light with
darkness?<BR>
<i>2 Cor. vi. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Bare <i>communion</i> with a good church can never
alone make a good man.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A body of Christians having one common
faith and discipline; as, the Presbyterian
<i>communion</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The sacrament of the eucharist; the
celebration of the Lord's supper; the act of partaking of the
sacrament; as, to go to <i>communion</i>; to partake of the
<i>communion</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Close communion</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Close</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Communion
elements</b></col>, <cd>the bread and wine used in the
celebration of the Lord's supper.</cd> -- <col><b>Communion
service</b></col>, <cd>the celebration of the Lord's supper, or
the office or service therefor.</cd> -- <col><b>Communion
table</b></col>, <cd>the table upon which the elements are placed
at the celebration of the Lord's supper.</cd> --
<col><b>Communion in both kinds</b></col>, <cd>participation in
both the bread and wine by all communicants.</cd> --
<col><b>Communion in one kind</b></col>, <cd>participation in but
one element, as in the Roman Catholic Church, where the laity
partake of the bread only.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Share; participation; fellowship; converse;
intercourse; unity; concord; agreement.</p>

<p><hw>Com"mu*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>communisme</i>, fr. <i>commun</i> common.] <def>A scheme of
equalizing the social conditions of life; specifically, a scheme
which contemplates the abolition of inequalities in the
possession of property, as by distributing all wealth equally to
all, or by holding all wealth in common for the equal use and
advantage of all.</def></p>

<p>&fist; At different times, and in different countries, various
schemes pertaining to socialism in government and the conditions
of domestic life, as well as in the distribution of wealth, have
been called <i>communism</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Com"mu*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>communiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An advocate for the
theory or practice of communism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A supporter of the commune of
Paris.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`mu*nis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to communism or
communists; as, <i>communistic</i> theories.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Living or having
their nests in common, as certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mu"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Communities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>communitas</i>: cf. OF.
<i>communit&eacute;</i>. Cf. <u>Commonalty</u>, and see
<u>Common</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Common possession or
enjoyment; participation; as, a <i>community</i> of
goods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The original <i>community</i> of all things.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An unreserved <i>community</i> of thought and
feeling.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body of people having common rights,
privileges, or interests, or living in the same place under the
same laws and regulations; as, a <i>community</i> of monks. Hence
a number of animals living in a common home or with some apparent
association of interests.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Creatures that in <i>communities</i> exist.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Society at large; a commonwealth or
state; a body politic; the public, or people in
general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Burdens upon the poorer classes of the
<i>community</i>.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, the term should be used with the
definite article; as, the interests of <i>the</i> community.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Common character; likeness.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The essential <i>community</i> of nature between
organic growth and inorganic growth.<BR>
<i>H. Spencer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Commonness; frequency.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Eyes . . . sick and blunted with
<i>community</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mu`ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being commutable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mut"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commutabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being commuted or
interchanged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The predicate and subject are not
<i>commutable</i>.<BR>
<i>Whately.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mut"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being commutable; interchangeableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`mu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>commutatio</i>: cf. F. <i>commutation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A passing from one state to another; change; alteration;
mutation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So great is the <i>commutation</i> that the soul
then hated only that which now only it loves.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of giving one thing for
another; barter; exchange.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The use of money is . . . that of saving the
<i>commutation</i> of more bulky commodities.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The change of a penalty
or punishment by the pardoning power of the State; as, the
<i>commutation</i> of a sentence of death to banishment or
imprisonment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Suits are allowable in the spiritual courts for
money agreed to be given as a <i>commutation</i> for penance.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A substitution, as of a less thing for
a greater, esp. a substitution of one form of payment for
another, or one payment for many, or a specific sum of money for
conditional payments or allowances; as, <i>commutation</i> of
tithes; <i>commutation</i> of fares; <i>commutation</i> of
copyright; <i>commutation</i> of rations.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angle of commutation</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>the difference of the geocentric longitudes of the sun and a
planet.</cd> -- <col><b>Commutation of tithes</b></col>, <cd>the
substitution of a regular payment, chargeable to the land, for
the annual tithes in kind.</cd> -- <col><b>Commutation
ticket</b></col>, <cd>a ticket, as for transportation, which is
the evidence of a contract for service at a reduced rate. See 2d
<u>Commute</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*mut"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>commutatif</i>.] <def>Relative to exchange; interchangeable;
reciprocal.</def> -- <wf>Com*mut"a*tive"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Rich traders, from their success, are presumed . .
. to have cultivated an habitual regard to <i>commutative</i>
justice.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"mu*ta`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A piece of apparatus used for reversing the
direction of an electrical current; an attachment to certain
electrical machines, by means of which alternating currents are
made to be continuous or to have the same direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mute"</hw> (k&obreve;m*m&umacr;t"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commuted</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Commuting</u>.] [L.
<i>commutare</i>, <i>-mutatum</i>; <i>com-</i> + <i>mutare</i> to
change. See <u>Mutation</u>.] <def>To exchange; to put or
substitute something else in place of, as a smaller penalty,
obligation, or payment, for a greater, or a single thing for an
aggregate; hence, to lessen; to diminish; as, to <i>commute</i> a
sentence of death to one of imprisonment for life; to
<i>commute</i> tithes; to <i>commute</i> charges for
fares.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sounds water and fire, being once annexed to
those two elements, it was certainly more natural to call beings
participating of the first "watery", and the last "fiery", than
to <i>commute</i> the terms, and call them by the reverse.<BR>
<i>J. Harris</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The utmost that could be obtained was that her
sentence should be <i>commuted</i> from burning to beheading.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*mute"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To obtain or bargain for exemption or substitution; to
effect a commutation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . thinks it unlawful to <i>commute</i>, and
that he is bound to pay his vow in kind.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pay, or arrange to pay, in gross
instead of part by part; as, to <i>commute</i> for a year's
travel over a route.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mut"er</hw> (k&obreve;m*m&umacr;"t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who commutes; especially, one who
commutes in traveling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mu"tu*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>com-</i> + <i>mutual</i>.] <def>Mutual; reciprocal;
united.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There, with <i>commutual</i> zeal, we both had
strove.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co"mose</hw> (k&omacr;"m&omacr;s <i>or</i>
k&osl;*m&omacr;s"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>comosus</i>
hairy, from <i>coma</i> hair.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing a tuft
of soft hairs or down, as the seeds of milkweed.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><! p. 288 !></p>

<p><hw>Com*pact"</hw> (k&obreve;m*p&abreve;kt"), <pos><i>p. p. &
a</i></pos> [L. <i>compactus</i>, p. p. of <i>compingere</i> to
join or unite; <i>com-</i> + <i>pangere</i> to fasten, fix: cf.
F. <i>compacte</i>. See <u>Pact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Joined or held together; leagued; confederated.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Compact</i> with her that's gone." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A pipe of seven reeds, <i>compact</i> with wax
together.<BR>
<i>Peacham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Composed or made; -- with
<i>of</i>.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>A wandering fire,<BR>
<i>Compact</i> of unctuous vapor.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Closely or firmly united, as the
particles of solid bodies; firm; close; solid; dense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Glass, crystal, gems, and other <i>compact</i>
bodies.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Brief; close; pithy; not diffuse; not
verbose; as, a <i>compact</i> discourse.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Firm; close; solid; dense; pithy;
sententious.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pact"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Compacted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Compacting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To thrust, drive, or
press closely together; to join firmly; to consolidate; to make
close; -- as the parts which compose a body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now the bright sun <i>compacts</i> the precious
stone.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite or connect firmly, as in a
system.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole body fitly joined together and
<i>compacted</i> by that which every joint supplieth.<BR>
<i>Eph. iv. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"pact</hw> (k&obreve;m"p&abreve;kt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>compactum</i>, fr. <i>compacisci</i>,
p. p. <i>compactus</i>, to make an agreement with; <i>com-</i> +
<i>pacisci</i> to make an agreement. See <u>Pact</u>.] <def>An
agreement between parties; a covenant or contract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law of nations depends on mutual
<i>compacts</i>, treaties, leagues, etc.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Wedlock is described as the indissoluble
<i>compact</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The federal constitution has been styled a
<i>compact</i> between the States by which it was ratified.<BR>
<i>Wharton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Covenant</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pact"ed</hw> (k&obreve;m*p&abreve;kt"&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Compact; pressed close; concentrated;
firmly united.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pact"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
compact manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pact"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state
of being compact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pact"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes a compact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pact"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
may be compacted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compactio</i>.] <def>The act of making compact, or the state
of being compact.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pact"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
compact manner; with close union of parts; densely;
tersely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pact"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being compact; close union of parts;
density.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pac"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compactura</i>.] <def>Close union or connection of parts;
manner of joining; construction.</def> [Obs.] "With comely
compass and <i>compacture</i> strong." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Com*pa"ges</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing &amp; pl.</i></pos>
[L., fr. <i>compingere</i>. See <u>Compact</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>A system or structure of many parts
united.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A regular <i>compages</i> of pipes and
vessels.<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pag"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compaginare</i>, <i>compaginatum</i>.] <def>To unite or hold
together; as, the side pieces <i>compaginate</i> the frame.</def>
[Obs.] <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pag`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compaginatio</i>.] <def>Union of parts; structure.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"pa*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>compaignable</i>.] <def>Companionable; sociable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"pa*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>companatores</i>, pl.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Impanator</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pan"i*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Companionable; sociable.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pan"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>compagnon</i>, OF. <i>compaing</i>, fr. an assumed LL.
<i>companio</i> (cf. <i>companium</i> fellowship, a mess), fr. L.
<i>com-</i> + <i>panis</i> bread. See <u>Pantry</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who accompanies or is in company with
another for a longer or shorter period, either from choice or
casually; one who is much in the company of, or is associated
with, another or others; an associate; a comrade; a consort; a
partner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>companions</i> of his fall.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>companion</i> of fools shall smart for
it.<BR>
<i>Prov. xiii. 20 (Rev. Ver.).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Here are your sons again; and I must lose<BR>
Two of the sweetest <i>companions</i> in the world.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>companion</i> is one with whom we share our
bread; a messmate.<BR>
<i>Trench.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A knight of the lowest rank in certain
orders; as, a <i>companion</i> of the Bath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fellow; -- in contempt.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Cf. OSp. <i>compa&ntilde;a</i> an
outhouse, office.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
skylight on an upper deck with frames and sashes of various
shapes, to admit light to a cabin or lower deck.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A wooden hood or penthouse covering the
companion way; a companion hatch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Companion hatch</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a wooden
porch over the entrance or staircase of the cabin.</cd> --
<col><b>Companion ladder</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the ladder
by which officers ascend to, or descend from, the quarter-
deck.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Companion way</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a staircase leading to the cabin.</cd> --
<col><b>Knights companions</b></col>, <cd>in certain honorary
orders, the members of the lowest grades as distinguished from
knights commanders, knights grand cross, and the like.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Associate; comrade; mate; compeer; partner;
ally; confederate; coadjutor; accomplice.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pan"ion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be a companion to; to attend on; to
accompany.</def> [R.] <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To qualify as a companion; to make
equal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Companion</i> me with my mistress.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pan"ion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Fitted to be a companion; fit for good fellowship;
agreeable; sociable.</def> "Each <i>companionable</i> guest."
<i>Mallett.</i> "<i>Companionable</i> wit." <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Com*pan"ion*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Com*pan"ion*a*bly</wf>, adv.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pan"ion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
companion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pan"ion*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Fellowship; association; the act or fact of keeping company
with any one.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He never seemed to avail himself of my sympathy
other than by mere <i>companionship</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"pa*ny</hw> (k&ubreve;m"p&adot;*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Companies</b></plw> (-
n&ibreve;z). [F. <i>compagnie</i>, fr. OF. <i>compaing</i>. See
<u>Companion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being a
companion or companions; the act of accompanying; fellowship;
companionship; society; friendly intercourse.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Evil <i>company</i> doth corrupt good manners.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. xv. 33. (Rev. Ver.).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Brethren, farewell: your <i>company</i> along<BR>
I will not wish.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A companion or companions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To thee and thy <i>company</i> I bid<BR>
A hearty welcome.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An assemblage or association of
persons, either permanent or transient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt meet a <i>company</i> of prophets.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. x. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Guests or visitors, in distinction
from the members of a family; as, to invite <i>company</i> to
dine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Society, in general; people assembled
for social intercourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature has left every man a capacity of being
agreeable, though not of shining in <i>company</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An association of persons for the
purpose of carrying on some enterprise or business; a
corporation; a firm; as, the East India <i>Company</i>; an
insurance <i>company</i>; a joint-stock <i>company</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Partners in a firm whose names are not
mentioned in its style or title; -- often abbreviated in writing;
as, Hottinguer &amp; <i>Co</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A subdivision of a
regiment of troops under the command of a captain, numbering in
the United States (full strength) 100 men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The crew of a ship,
including the officers; as, a whole ship's
<i>company</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The body of actors employed in a
theater or in the production of a play.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To keep company with</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Keep</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Assemblage; assembly; society; group; circle;
crowd; troop; crew; gang; corporation; association; fraternity;
guild; partnership; copartnery; union; club; party;
gathering.</p>

<p><hw>Com"pa*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Companied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Companying</u>.] <def>To accompany or go with; to
be companion to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Com"pa*ny</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To associate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men which have <i>companied</i> with us all the
time.<BR>
<i>Acts i. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be a gay companion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have sexual commerce.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"pa*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comparabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>comparable</i>.] <def>Capable of
being compared; worthy of comparison.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no blessing of life <i>comparable</i> to
the enjoyment of a discreet and virtuous friend.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Com"pa*ra*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Com"pa*ra*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Com"pa*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comparatum</i>, fr. <i>comparatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>comparare</i>. See 1st <u>Compare</u>.] <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>One of two things compared together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`pa*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comparatio</i>. See <u>Compare</u> to get.] <def>A making
ready; provision.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*par"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comparativus</i>: cf. F. <i>comparatif</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to comparison.</def>
"The <i>comparative</i> faculty." <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from, or by the method of,
comparison; as, the <i>comparative</i> sciences; the
<i>comparative</i> anatomy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Estimated by comparison; relative; not
positive or absolute, as compared with another thing or
state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The recurrence of <i>comparative</i> warmth and
cold.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The bubble, by reason of its <i>comparative</i>
levity to the fluid that incloses it, would necessarily ascend to
the top.<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Expressing a degree
greater or less than the positive degree of the quality denoted
by an adjective or adverb. The comparative degree is formed from
the positive by the use of <i>-er</i>, <i>more</i>, or
<i>less</i>; as, brighter, <i>more</i> bright, or <i>less</i>
bright.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Comparative sciences</b></col>, <cd>those which are
based on a comprehensive comparison of the range of objects or
facts in any branch or department, and which aim to study out and
treat of the fundamental laws or systems of relation pervading
them; as, <i>comparative anatomy</i>, <i>comparative
physiology</i>, <i>comparative philology</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*par"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>The comparative degree of adjectives and adverbs; also, the
form by which the comparative degree is expressed; as,
<i>stronger</i>, <i>wiser</i>, <i>weaker</i>, <i>more stormy</i>,
<i>less windy</i>, are all <i>comparatives</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>comparatives</i> is expressed a relation of
two; as in superlatives there is a relation of many.<BR>
<i>Angus.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An equal; a rival; a compeer.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Gerard ever was<BR>
His full <i>comparative</i>.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who makes comparisons; one who
affects wit.</def> [Obs.] "Every beardless vain
<i>comparative</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*par"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>According to estimate made by comparison; relatively; not
positively or absolutely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With but <i>comparatively</i> few exceptions.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"pa*ra`tor</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
comparer.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument or machine for
comparing anything to be measured with a standard measure; --
applied especially to a machine for comparing standards of
length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Compared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Comparing</u>.] [L. <i>comparare</i>, fr.
<i>compar</i> like or equal to another; <i>com-</i> + <i>par</i>
equal: cf. F. <i>comparer</i>. See <u>Pair</u>, <u>Peer</u> an
equal, and cf. <u>Compeer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
examine the character or qualities of, as of two or more persons
or things, for the purpose of discovering their resemblances or
differences; to bring into comparison; to regard with
discriminating attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Compare</i> dead happiness with living woe.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The place he found beyond expression bright,<BR>
<i>Compared</i> with aught on earth.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Compare</i> our faces and be judge
yourself.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>compare</i> great things with small.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To represent as similar, for the
purpose of illustration; to liken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Solon <i>compared</i> the people unto the sea, and
orators and counselors to the winds; for that the sea would be
calm and quiet if the winds did not trouble it.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To inflect according to
the degrees of comparison; to state positive, comparative, and
superlative forms of; as, most adjectives of one syllable are
<i>compared</i> by affixing "- er" and "-est" to the positive
form; as, <i>black</i>, <i>blacker</i>, <i>blackest</i>; those of
more than one syllable are usually <i>compared</i> by prefixing
"more" and "most", or "less" and "least", to the positive; as,
<i>beautiful</i>, <i>more beautiful</i>, <i>most
beautiful</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Compare</u>, <u>Compare with</u>,
<u>Compare to</u>.  Things are compared <i>with</i> each other in
order to learn their relative value or excellence. Thus we
compare Cicero <i>with</i> Demosthenes, for the sake of deciding
which was the greater orator. One thing is compared <i>to</i>
another because of a real or fanciful likeness or similarity
which exists between them. Thus it has been common to compare the
eloquence of Demosthenes <i>to</i> a thunderbolt, on account of
its force, and the eloquence of Cicero <i>to</i> a conflagration,
on account of its splendor. Burke compares the parks of London
<i>to</i> the lungs of the human body.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be like or equal; to admit, or be
worthy of, comparison; as, his later work does not <i>compare</i>
with his earlier.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I should <i>compare</i> with him in
excellence.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To vie; to assume a likeness or
equality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall pack horses . . . <i>compare</i> with
C&aelig;sars?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pare"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Comparison.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>His mighty champion, strong beyond
<i>compare</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Their small galleys may not hold
<i>compare</i><BR>
With our tall ships.<BR>
<i>Waller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Illustration by comparison;
simile.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rhymes full of protest, of oath, and big
<i>compare</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Beyond compare</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Beyond
comparison</i>, under <u>Comparison</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*pare"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comparare</i> to prepare, procure; <i>com-</i> +
<i>parare</i>. See <u>Prepare</u>, <u>Parade</u>.] <def>To get;
to procure; to obtain; to acquire</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To fill his bags, and richesse to
<i>compare</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*par"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
compares.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*par"i*son</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>comparaison</i>, L. <i>comparatio</i>. See 1st
<u>Compare</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of comparing; an
examination of two or more objects with the view of discovering
the resemblances or differences; relative estimate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As sharp legal practitioners, no class of human
beings can bear <i>comparison</i> with them.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The miracles of our Lord and those of the Old
Testament afford many interesting points of
<i>comparison</i>.<BR>
<i>Trench.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being compared; a
relative estimate; also, a state, quality, or relation, admitting
of being compared; as, to bring a thing into <i>comparison</i>
with another; there is no <i>comparison</i> between
them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That to which, or with which, a thing
is compared, as being equal or like; illustration;
similitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereto shall we liken the kingdom of God? Or with
what <i>comparison</i> shall we compare it?<BR>
<i>Mark iv. 30.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The modification, by
inflection or otherwise, which the adjective and adverb undergo
to denote degrees of quality or quantity; as, <i>little</i>,
<i>less</i>, <i>least</i>, are examples of
<i>comparison</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by which one
person or thing is compared to another, or the two are considered
with regard to some property or quality, which is common to them
both; <i>e.g.</i>, the lake sparkled like a jewel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>The faculty of the
reflective group which is supposed to perceive resemblances and
contrasts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Beyond comparison</b></col>, <cd>so far superior as to
have no likeness, or so as to make comparison needless.</cd> --
<col><b>In comparison of</b></col>, <col><b>In comparison
with</b></col>, <cd>as compared with; in proportion to.</cd>
[Archaic] "So miserably unpeopled <i>in comparison of</i> what it
once was." <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>Comparison of
hands</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a mode of proving or disproving
the genuineness of a signature or writing by comparing it with
another proved or admitted to be genuine, in order to ascertain
whether both were written by the same person.</cd>
<i>Bouvier.</i> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*par"i*son</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
compare.</def> [Obs.] <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*part"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Comparted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Comparting</u>.] [L. <i>compartiri</i>; <i>com-
</i> + <i>partiri</i>, <i>partire</i> to share, <i>pars</i>,
<i>partis</i>, part, share: cf. OF. <i>compartir</i>. See
<u>Part</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To divide; to mark out
into parts or subdivisions.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The crystal surface is <i>comparted</i> all<BR>
In niches verged with rubies.<BR>
<i>Glover.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com`par*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>compartitio</i>.] <def>The act of dividing into parts or
compartments; division; also, a division or compartment.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their temples . . . needed no
<i>compartitions</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*part"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>compartiment</i>, OF. <i>compartir</i> to divide. See
<u>Compart</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the parts into
which an inclosed portion of space is divided, as by partitions,
or lines; as, the <i>compartments</i> of a cabinet, a house, or a
garden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the midst was placed a large <i>compartment</i>
composed of grotesque work.<BR>
<i>Carew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>One of the
sections into which the hold of a ship is divided by water-tight
bulkheads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*part"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Copartner</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Com"pass</hw> (k&ubreve;m"p<i>a</i>s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>compas</i>, fr. LL. <i>compassus</i>
circle, prop., a stepping together; <i>com-</i> + <i>passus</i>
pace, step. See <u>Pace</u>, <u>Pass</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A passing round; circuit; circuitous course.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They fetched a <i>compass</i> of seven day's
journey.<BR>
<i>2 Kings iii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This day I breathed first; time is come round,<BR>
And where I did begin, there shall I end;<BR>
My life is run his <i>compass</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inclosing limit; boundary;
circumference; as, within the <i>compass</i> of an encircling
wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An inclosed space; an area;
extent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their wisdom . . . lies in a very narrow
<i>compass</i>.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 289 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Extent; reach; sweep; capacity;
sphere; as, the <i>compass</i> of his eye; the <i>compass</i> of
imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>compass</i> of his argument.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Moderate bounds, limits of truth;
moderation; due limits; -- used with <i>within</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In two hundred years before (I speak within
<i>compass</i>), no such commission had been executed.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The range of notes, or
tones, within the capacity of a voice or instrument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You would sound me from my lowest note to the top
of my <i>compass</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for determining
directions upon the earth's surface by means of a magnetized bar
or needle turning freely upon a pivot and pointing in a northerly
and southerly direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that first discovered the use of the
<i>compass</i> did more for the supplying and increase of useful
commodities than those who built workhouses.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A pair of compasses.</def> [R.] See
<u>Compasses.</u></p>

<p><blockquote>To fix one foot of their <i>compass</i> wherever
they please.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A circle; a continent.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The tryne <i>compas</i> [the threefold world
containing earth, sea, and heaven. <i>Skeat.</i>]<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Azimuth compass</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Azimuth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Beam compass</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Beam</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Compass card</b></col>,
<cd>the circular card attached to the needles of a mariner's
compass, on which are marked the thirty-two points or
rhumbs.</cd> -- <col><b>Compass dial</b></col>, <cd>a small
pocket compass fitted with a sundial to tell the hour of the
day.</cd> -- <col><b>Compass plane</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>,
<cd>a plane, convex in the direction of its length on the under
side, for smoothing the concave faces of curved woodwork.</cd> --
<col><b>Compass plant</b></col>, <col><b>Compass flower</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the American prairies (<i>Silphium
laciniatum</i>), not unlike a small sunflower; rosinweed. Its
lower and root leaves are vertical, and on the prairies are
disposed to present their edges north and south.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Its leaves are turned to the north as true as the
magnet:<BR>
This is the <i>compass flower</i>.<BR>
<i>Longefellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Compass saw</b></col>, <cd>a saw with a narrow
blade, which will cut in a curve; -- called also <i>fret saw</i>
and <i>keyhole saw</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Compass timber</b></col>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>curved or crooked timber.</cd> --
<col><b>Compass window</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a circular
bay window or oriel window.</cd> --  <col><b>Mariner's
compass</b></col>, <cd>a kind of compass used in navigation. It
has two or more magnetic needles permanently attached to a card,
which moves freely upon a pivot, and is read with reference to a
mark on the box representing the ship's head. The card is divided
into thirty-two points, called also <i>rhumbs</i>, and the glass-
covered box or bowl containing it is suspended in gimbals within
the binnacle, in order to preserve its horizontal position.</cd>
-- <col><b>Surveyor's compass</b></col>, <cd>an instrument used
in surveying for measuring horizontal angles. See
<u>Circumferentor</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Variation
compass</b></col>, <cd>a compass of delicate construction, used
in observations on the variations of the needle.</cd> --
<col><b>To fetch a compass</b></col>, <cd>to make a
circuit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com"pass</hw> (k&ubreve;m"p<i>a</i>s), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Compassed</u> (-
p<i>a</i>st); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Compassing</u>.] [F. <i>compasser</i>, LL. <i>compassare</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go about or entirely round; to make
the circuit of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall <i>compass</i> the city seven times.<BR>
<i>Josh. vi. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We the globe can <i>compass</i> soon.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inclose on all sides; to surround;
to encircle; to environ; to invest; to besiege; -- used with
<i>about</i>, <i>round</i>, <i>around</i>, and <i>round
about</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With terrors and with clamors <i>compassed</i>
round.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Now all the blessings<BR>
Of a glad father <i>compass</i> thee about.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i> </blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and
<i>compass</i> thee round.<BR>
<i>Luke xix. 43.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reach round; to circumvent; to get
within one's power; to obtain; to accomplish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If I can check my erring love, I will:<BR>
If not, to <i>compass</i> her I'll use my skill.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>How can you hope to <i>compass</i> your
designs?<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To curve; to bend into a circular
form.</def> [Obs. except in carpentry and shipbuilding.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To purpose; to intend; to
imagine; to plot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Compassing</i> and <i>imagining</i> the death
of the king are synonymous terms; <i>compassing</i> signifying
the purpose or design of the mind or will, and not, as in common
speech, the carrying such design to effect.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"pass*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being compassed or accomplished.</def> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"passed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rounded;
arched.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She came . . . into the <i>compassed</i>
window.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"pass*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>pl.</i>
<def>An instrument for describing circles, measuring figures,
etc., consisting of two, or (rarely) more, pointed branches, or
legs, usually joined at the top by a rivet on which they
move.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The compasses for drawing circles have adjustable pen
points, pencil points, etc.; those used for measuring without
adjustable points are generally called <i>dividers</i>. See
<u>Dividers</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Bow compasses</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bow-
compass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Caliber compasses</b></col>,
<col><b>Caliper compasses</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Calipers</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Proportional</b></col>,
<col><b>Triangular</b></col>, etc., <col><b>compasses</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Proportional</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com"pass*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>Curved; bent; as, <i>compassing</i>
timbers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pas"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>compassio</i>, fr. <i>compati</i> to have compassion; <i>com-
</i> + <i>pati</i> to bear, suffer. See <u>Patient</u>.]
<def>Literally, suffering with another; a sensation of sorrow
excited by the distress or misfortunes of another; pity;
commiseration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Womanly ingenuity set to work by womanly
<i>compassion</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pity; sympathy; commiseration; fellow-feeling;
mercy; condolence. See <u>Pity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pas"sion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
pity.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pas"sion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Deserving compassion or pity; pitiable.</def> [R.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pas"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a temper or disposition to pity;
sympathetic; merciful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There never was any heart truly great and
generous, that was not also tender and <i>compassionate</i>.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Complaining; inviting pity;
pitiable.</def> [R.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sympathizing; tender; merciful; pitiful.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pas"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Compassionated</u> (#);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Compassionating</u> (#).]
<def>To have compassion for; to pity; to commiserate; to
sympathize with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Compassionates</i> my pains, and pities me.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pas"sion*ate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a compassionate manner; mercifully.</def>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pas"sion*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being compassionate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"pass*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
no compass.</def> <i>Knowles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`pa*ter"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>compaternitas</i>, fr. <i>compater</i> godfather; <i>com- </i>
+ <i>pater</i> father.] <def>The relation of a godfather to a
person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The relation of gossipred or <i>compaternity</i>
by the canon law is a spiritual affinity.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pat`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>compatibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or power of being
compatible or congruous; congruity; as, a <i>compatibility</i> of
tempers; a <i>compatibility</i> of properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pat"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>compatibilis</i>, fr. L. <i>compati</i>. See
<u>Compassion</u>.] <def>Capable of existing in harmony;
congruous; suitable; not repugnant; -- usually followed by
<i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our poets have joined together such qualities as
are by nature the most <i>compatible</i>.<BR>
<i>Broome.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Consistent; suitable; agreeable; accordant.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pat"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Compatibility; consistency; fitness; agreement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pat"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
compatible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pa"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compatients</i>, p. pr. of <i>compati</i>. See
<u>Compassion</u>.] <def>Suffering or enduring together.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Sir G. Buck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pa"tri*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>compatriote</i>, LL. <i>compatriotus</i>; <i>com-</i> +
<i>patriota</i> a native. See <u>Patriot</u>, and cf.
<u>Copatriot</u>.] <def>One of the same country, and having like
interests and feeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The distrust with which they felt themselves to be
regarded by their <i>compatriots</i> in America.<BR>
<i>Palfrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pa"tri*ot</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the same
country; having a common sentiment of patriotism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She [Britain] rears to freedom an undaunted
race,<BR>
<i>Compatriot</i>, zealous, hospitable, kind.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pa"tri*ot*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition of being compatriots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>comparoir</i>, L. <i>compar&emacr;re</i>; <i>com-</i> +
<i>par&emacr;re</i> to appear.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
appear.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To appear in court
personally or by attorney.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*peer"</hw> (?), [OE. <i>comper</i>, through French fr.
L. <i>compar</i>; <i>com-</i> + <i>par</i> equal. See <u>Peer</u>
an equal, and cf. 1st <u>Compare</u>.] <def>An equal, as in rank,
age, prowess, etc.; a companion; a comrade; a mate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And him thus answer'd soon his bold
<i>compeer</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>compeer</i> in arms.<BR>
<i>Ford.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*peer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be equal
with; to match.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In my rights,<BR>
By me invested, he <i>compeers</i> the best.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Com*peer"</hw>, <hw>Com*peir"</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Compear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Compelled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n</i></pos> <u>Compelling</u>.] [L. <i>compellere</i>,
<i>compulsum</i>, to drive together, to compel, urge; <i>com-</i>
+ <i>pellere</i> to drive: cf. OF. <i>compellir</i>. See
<u>Pulse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive or urge with
force, or irresistibly; to force; to constrain; to oblige; to
necessitate, either by physical or moral force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wolsey . . . <i>compelled</i> the people to pay up
the whole subsidy at once.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And they <i>compel</i> one Simon . . . to bear his
cross.<BR>
<i>Mark xv. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take by force or violence; to
seize; to exact; to extort.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Commissions, which <i>compel</i> from each<BR>
The sixth part of his substance.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To force to yield; to overpower; to
subjugate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Easy sleep their weary limbs <i>compelled</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>compel</i> all creatures to my will.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To gather or unite in a crowd or
company.</def> [A Latinism] "In one troop <i>compelled</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To call forth; to summon.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She had this knight from far <i>compelled</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To force; constrain; oblige; necessitate;
coerce. See <u>Coerce</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
one yield or submit.</def> "If she can not entreat, I can
<i>compel</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pel"la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being compelled or constrained.</def> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pel"la*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
compulsion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`pel*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compellatio</i>, fr. <i>compellare</i> to accost, fr.
<i>compellere</i>. See <u>Compel</u>.] <def>Style of address or
salutation; an appellation.</def> "Metaphorical
<i>compellations</i>." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He useth this endearing <i>compellation</i>, "My
little children."<BR>
<i>Bp. Beveridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The peculiar <i>compellation</i> of the kings in
France is by "Sire," which is nothing else but father.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pel"la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The name by which a person is addressed; an
appellative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pel"la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Serving to compel; compulsory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*pel"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
compels or constrains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"pend</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A compendium;
an epitome; a summary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>compend</i> and recapitulation of the
Mosaical law.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pen`di*a"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compendiarius</i>.] <def>Short; compendious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pen"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compendiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>compendiare</i> to shorten, fr.
<i>compendium</i>.] <def>To sum or collect together.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. King.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pen"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compendiosus</i>.] <def>Containing the substance or general
principles of a subject or work in a narrow compass; abridged;
summarized.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More <i>compendious</i> and expeditious ways.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Three things be required in the oration of a man
having authority -- that it be <i>compendious</i>, sententious,
and delectable.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Short; summary; abridged; condensed;
comprehensive; succinct; brief; concise.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pen"di*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
compendious manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Compendiously</i> expressed by the word
chaos.<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pen"di*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being compendious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pen"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
E. <plw><b>Compendiums</b></plw> (#), L.
<plw><b>Compendia</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>compendium</i> that which
is weighed, saved, or shortened, a short way, fr.
<i>compendere</i> to weigh; <i>com-</i> + <i>pendere</i> to
weigh. See <u>Pension</u>, and cf. <u>Compend</u>.] <def>A brief
compilation or composition, containing the principal heads, or
general principles, of a larger work or system; an abridgment; an
epitome; a compend; a condensed summary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A short system or <i>compendium</i> of a
science.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Abridgment</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com"pen*sate</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Compensated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Compensating</u>.] [L.
<i>compensatus</i>, p. p. of <i>compensare</i>, prop., to weigh
several things with one another, to balance with one another,
verb intens. fr. <i>compendere</i>. See <u>Compendium</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make equal return to; to remunerate;
to recompense; to give an equivalent to; to requite suitably; as,
to <i>compensate</i> a laborer for his work, or a merchant for
his losses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be equivalent in value or effect
to; to counterbalance; to make up for; to make amends
for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The length of the night and the dews thereof do
<i>compensate</i> the heat of the day.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The pleasures of life do not <i>compensate</i> the
miseries.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To recompense; remunerate; indemnify; reward;
requite; counterbalance.</p>

<p><hw>Com"pen*sate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
amends; to supply an equivalent; -- followed by <i>for</i>; as,
nothing can <i>compensate</i> for the loss of
reputation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`pen*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compensatio</i> a weighing, a balancing of accounts.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or principle of
compensating.</def> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which constitutes, or is regarded
as, an equivalent; that which makes good the lack or variation of
something else; that which compensates for loss or privation;
amends; remuneration; recompense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The parliament which dissolved the monastic
foundations . . . vouchsafed not a word toward securing the
slightest <i>compensation</i> to the dispossessed owners.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No pecuniary <i>compensation</i> can possibly
reward them.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd><def>The
extinction of debts of which two persons are reciprocally debtors
by the credits of which they are reciprocally creditors; the
payment of a debt by a credit of equal amount; a set-off.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i> <i>Wharton.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
recompense or reward for some loss or service.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An equivalent stipulated for in
contracts for the sale of real estate, in which it is customary
to provide that errors in description, etc., shall not avoid, but
shall be the subject of <i>compensation</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Compensation balance</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Compensated balance</b></col>, <cd>a kind of balance
wheel for a timepiece. The rim is usually made of two different
metals having different expansibility under changes of
temperature, so arranged as to counteract each other and preserve
uniformity of movement.</cd> -- <col><b>Compensation
pendulum</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Pendulum</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Recompense; reward; indemnification;
consideration; requital; satisfaction; set-off.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pen"sa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>compensativus</i>.] <def>Affording compensation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pen"sa*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Compensation.</def> [R.] <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"pen*sa`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, compensates; -- a
name applied to various mechanical devices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An iron plate or magnet
placed near the compass on iron vessels to neutralize the effect
of the ship's attraction on the needle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pen"sa*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Serving for compensation; making amends.</def> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><! p. 290 !></p>

<p><hw>Com*pense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>compenser</i>. See <u>Compensate</u>.] <def>To
compensate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`pe*ren"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comperendinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>comperendinare</i> to defer
(the time of trial.)] <def>To delay.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pesce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compescere</i>.] <def>To hold in check; to restrain.</def>
[R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Competed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Competing</u>.] [L. <i>completere</i>,
<i>competitum</i>; <i>com-</i> + <i>petere</i> to seek. See
<u>Petition</u>.] <def>To contend emulously; to seek or strive
for the same thing, position, or reward for which another is
striving; to contend in rivalry, as for a prize or in business;
as, tradesmen <i>compete</i> with one another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rival statesmen, with eyes fixed on America,
were all the while <i>competing</i> for European alliances.<BR>
<i>Bancroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Com"pe*tence</hw> (?), <hw>Com"pe*ten*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>comp&eacute;tence</i>, from L.
<i>competentia</i> agreement.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state
of being competent; fitness; ability; adequacy; power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The loan demonstrates, in regard to instrumental
resources, the <i>competency</i> of this kingdom to the assertion
of the common cause.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To make them act zealously is not in the
<i>competence</i> of law.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Property or means sufficient for the
necessaries and conveniences of life; sufficiency without
excess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reason's whole pleasure, all the joys of
sense,<BR>
Lie in three words -- health, peace, and <i>competence</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Superfluity comes sooner by white hairs, but
<i>competency</i> lives longer.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Legal
capacity or qualifications; fitness; as, the <i>competency</i> of
a witness or of a evidence.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Right
or authority; legal power or capacity to take cognizance of a
cause; as, the <i>competence</i> of a judge or court.</def>
<i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"pe*tent</hw> (k&obreve;m"p&esl;*t<i>e</i>nt; 94),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>comp&eacute;tent</i>, p. pr. of
<i>comp&eacute;ter</i> to be in the competency of, LL.
<i>competere</i> to strive after together, to agree with; hence,
to be fit. See <u>Compete</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Answering
to all requirements; adequate; sufficient; suitable; capable;
legally qualified; fit.</def> "A <i>competent</i> knowledge of
the world." <i>Atterbury.</i> "<i>Competent</i> age."
<i>Grafton.</i> "<i>Competent</i> statesmen." <i>Palfrey.</i> /"A
<i>competent</i> witness." <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rightfully or properly belonging;
incident; -- followed by <i>to</i>.</def> [Rare, except in legal
usage.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That is the privilege of the infinite Author of
things, . . . but is not <i>competent</i> to any finite
being.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Qualified</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com"pe*tent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
competent manner; adequately; suitably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pet"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Compatible; suitable; consistent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`pe*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>competition</i>. See <u>Compete</u>.] <def>The act of seeking,
or endeavoring to gain, what another is endeavoring to gain at
the same time; common strife for the same objects; strife for
superiority; emulous contest; rivalry, as for approbation, for a
prize, or as where two or more persons are engaged in the same
business and each seeking patronage; -- followed by <i>for</i>
before the object sought, and <i>with</i> before the person or
thing competed with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Competition</i> to the crown there is none, nor
can be.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A portrait, with which one of Titian's could not
come in <i>competition</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no <i>competition</i> but for the second
place.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Where <i>competition</i> does not act at all there
is complete monopoly.<BR>
<i>A. T. Hadley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Emulation; rivalry; rivalship; contest;
struggle; contention; opposition; jealousy. See
<u>Emulation</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pet"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to competition; producing competition; competitory;
as, a <i>competitive</i> examination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pet"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>comp&eacute;titeur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who seeks
what another seeks, or claims what another claims; one who
competes; a rival.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And can not brook <i>competitors</i> in love.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An associate; a confederate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every hour more <i>competitors</i><BR>
Flock to their aid, and still their power increaseth.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pet"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting
in competition; competing; rival.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pet"i*tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
woman who competes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pet"i*trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
competitress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"pi*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compilatio</i>: cf. F. <i>compilation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of compiling or gathering together from
various sources.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is compiled; especially, a
book or document composed of materials gathering from other books
or documents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His [Goldsmith's] <i>compilations</i> are widely
distinguished from the <i>compilations</i> of ordinary
bookmakers.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"pi*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Compiler.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*pile"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Compiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Compiling</u>.] [F. <i>compiler</i>, fr.L.
<i>compilare</i> to plunder, pillage; <i>com-</i> + <i>pilare</i>
to plunder. See <u>Pill</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<i>Pillage</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put together; to
construct; to build.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Before that Merlin died, he did intend<BR>
A brazen wall in compass to <i>compile</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contain or comprise.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which these six books <i>compile</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put together in a new form out of
materials already existing; esp., to put together or compose out
of materials from other books or documents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Goldsmith] <i>compiled</i> for the use of
schools a History of Rome.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To write; to compose.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pile"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Compilation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*pil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>compiluor</i>; cf. OF. <i>compileor</i>, fr. L.
<i>compilator</i>.] <def>One who compiles; esp., one who makes
books by compilation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pinge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compingere</i>.] <def>To compress; to shut up.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Com*pla"cence</hw> (?), <hw>Com*pla"cen*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>complacentia</i>: cf. F.
<i>complaisance</i>. See <u>Complacent</u>, and cf.
<u>Complaisance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Calm contentment;
satisfaction; gratification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inward <i>complacence</i> we find in acting
reasonably and virtuously.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Others proclaim the infirmities of a great man
with satisfaction and <i>complacency</i>, if they discover none
of the like in themselves.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cause of pleasure or joy.</def> "O
thou, my sole <i>complacence</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The manifestation of contentment or
satisfaction; good nature; kindness; civility;
affability.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Complacency</i>, and truth, and manly
sweetness,<BR>
Dwell ever on his tongue, and smooth his thoughts.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>With mean <i>complacence</i> ne'er betray your
trust.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pla"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>complacens</i> very pleasing, p. pr. of <i>complacere</i>;
<i>com-</i> + <i>placere</i> to please: cf. F.
<i>complaisant</i>. See <u>Please</u> and cf.
<u>Complaisant</u>.] <def>Self-satisfied; contented; kindly; as,
a <i>complacent</i> temper; a <i>complacent</i> smile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They look up with a sort of <i>complacent</i> awe
. . . to kings.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com`pla*cen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Marked by, or causing, complacence.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Complacential</i> love."  <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pla"cent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
complacent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*plain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Complained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Complaining</u>.] [F. <i>complaindre</i>, LL.
<i>complangere</i>; <i>com-</i> + L. <i>plangere</i> to strike,
beat, to beat the breast or head as a sign of grief, to lament.
See <u>Plaint</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give utterance to
expression of grief, pain, censure, regret. etc.; to lament; to
murmur; to find fault; -- commonly used with <i>of</i>. Also, to
creak or squeak, as a timber or wheel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O loss of sight, of thee I most
<i>complain</i>!<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a formal accusation; to make a
charge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, Master Shallow, you'll <i>complain</i> of me
to the king?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To repine; grumble; deplore; bewail; grieve;
mourn; regret; murmur.</p>

<p><hw>Com*plain"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lament;
to bewail.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They might the grievance inwardly
<i>complain</i>.<BR>
<i>Daniel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By chaste Lucrece's soul that late
<i>complain'd</i><BR>
Her wrongs to us.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*plain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
may be complained of.</def> [R.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*plain"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>complaignant</i>, p. pr. of <i>complaindre</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who makes complaint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eager <i>complainants</i> of the dispute.<BR>
<i>Collier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
who commences a legal process by a complaint.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The party suing in equity, answering to
the plaintiff at common law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall forfeit one moiety to the use of the
town, and the other moiety to the use of the
<i>complainant</i>.<BR>
<i>Statutes of Mass.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*plain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
complains or laments; one who finds fault; a murmurer.</def>
<i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Speechless <i>complainer</i>, I will learn thy
thought.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*plaint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>complainte</i>. See <u>Complain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Expression of grief, regret, pain, censure, or resentment;
lamentation; murmuring; accusation; fault-finding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I poured out my <i>complaint</i> before him.<BR>
<i>Ps. cxlii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Grievous <i>complaints</i> of you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cause or subject of complaint or
murmuring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The poverty of the clergy in England hath been the
<i>complaint</i> of all who wish well to the church.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An ailment or disease of the
body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One in a <i>complaint</i> of his bowels.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A formal allegation or
charge against a party made or presented to the appropriate court
or officer, as for a wrong done or a crime committed (in the
latter case, generally under oath); an information; accusation;
the initial bill in proceedings in equity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lamentation; murmuring; sorrow; grief; disease;
illness; disorder; malady; ailment.</p>

<p><hw>Com*plaint"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
complaint.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Com"plai*sance`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>complaisance</i>. See <u>Complaisant</u>, and cf.
<u>Complacence</u>.] <def>Disposition to please or oblige;
obliging compliance with the wishes of others; a deportment
indicative of a desire to please; courtesy; civility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These [ladies] . . . are by the just
<i>complaisance</i> and gallantry of our nation the most powerful
part of our people.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They strive with their own hearts and keep them
down,<BR>
In <i>complaisance</i> to all the fools in town.<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Civility; courtesy; urbanity; suavity;
affability; good breeding.</p>

<p><hw>Com"plai*sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>complaisant</i>, p. pr. of <i>complaire</i> to acquiesce as a
favor, fr. L. <i>complacere</i>. See <u>Complacent</u>.]
<def>Desirous to please; courteous; obliging; compliant; as, a
<i>complaisant</i> gentleman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are to whom my satire seems too bold:<BR>
Scarce to wise Peter <i>complaisant</i> enough.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Obliging; courteous; affable; gracious; civil;
polite; well-bred. See <u>Obliging</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Com"plai*sant`ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Com"plai*sant`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Com*pla"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Coplanar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"pla*nate</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>complanatus</i>, p. p. of <i>complanare</i> to make plane. See
<u>Plane</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Flattened to a level
surface.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Com"pla*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
make level.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*plect"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Complexioned.</def> [Low, New Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Com"ple*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>complementun</i>: cf. F. <i>compl&eacute;ment</i>. See
<u>Complete</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Compliment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which fills up
or completes; the quantity or number required to fill a thing or
make it complete.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is required to supply a
deficiency, or to complete a symmetrical whole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>History is the <i>complement</i> of poetry.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Stephen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Full quantity, number, or amount; a
complete set; completeness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To exceed his <i>complement</i> and number
appointed him which was one hundred and twenty persons.<BR>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A second quantity added
to a given quantity to make it equal to a third given
quantity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Something added for ornamentation; an
accessory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Without vain art or curious
<i>complements</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The whole working force
of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The interval wanting to
complete the octave; -- the fourth is the <i>complement</i> of
the fifth, the sixth of the third.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A compliment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Arithmetical compliment of a logarithm</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Logarithm</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Arithmetical
complement of a number</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the
difference between that number and the next higher power of 10;
as, 4 is the <i>complement</i> of 6, and 16 of 84.</cd> --
<col><b>Complement of an</b></col> <col><b>arc or angle</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the difference between that arc or angle and
90&deg;.</cd> -- <col><b>Complement of a parallelogram</b></col>.
<i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See <u>Gnomon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>In her
complement</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>said of the moon when
represented as full.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com"ple*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To supply a lack; to supplement.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To compliment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`ple*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Supplying, or tending to supply, a
deficiency; fully completing.</def> "<i>Complemental</i>
ceremony."  <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Complimentary; courteous.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Complemental air</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the
air (averaging 100 cubic inches) which can be drawn into the
lungs in addition to the tidal air, by the deepest possible
inspiration.</cd> -- <col><b>Complemental males</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>peculiar small males living
parasitically on the ordinary hermaphrodite individuals of
certain barnacles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com`ple*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Serving to fill out or to complete; as, <i>complementary</i>
numbers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Complementary colors</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Color</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Complementary angles</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>two angles whose sum is 90&deg;.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com`ple*men"ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Complimentary</u>.] <def>One skilled in compliments.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*plete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>completus</i>, p. p. of <i>complere</i> to fill up; <i>com-
</i> + <i>plere</i> to fill. See <u>Full</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Comply</u>, <u>Compline</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Filled up; with no part or element
lacking; free from deficiency; entire; perfect; consummate.</def>
"<i>Complete</i> perfections."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye are <i>complete</i> in him.<BR>
<i>Col. ii. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That thou, dead corse, again in <i>complete</i>
steel<BR>
Revisit'st thus the glimpses of the moon.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Finished; ended; concluded; completed;
as, the edifice is <i>complete</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This course of vanity almost <i>complete</i>.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having all the parts or
organs which belong to it or to the typical form; having calyx,
corolla, stamens, and pistil.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Whole</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*plete"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Completed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Completing</u>.] <def>To bring to a state in
which there is no deficiency; to perfect; to consummate; to
accomplish; to fulfill; to finish; as, to <i>complete</i> a task,
or a poem; to <i>complete</i> a course of education.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bred only and <i>completed</i> to the taste<BR>
Of lustful appetence.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And, to <i>complete</i> her bliss, a fool for
mate.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To perform; execute; terminate; conclude;
finish; end; fill up; achieve; realize; effect; consummate;
accomplish; effectuate; fulfill; bring to pass.</p>

<p><hw>Com*plete"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
complete manner; fully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*plete"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
completing or perfecting; completion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*plete"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being complete.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*ple"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>completio</i> a filling, a fulfillment.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of making complete; the getting through
to the end; as, the <i>completion</i> of an undertaking, an
education, a service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>completion</i> of some repairs.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State of being complete; fulfillment;
accomplishment; realization.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Predictions receiving their <i>completion</i> in
Christ.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*ple"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>completivus</i>: cf. F. <i>compl&eacute;tif</i>.] <def>Making
complete.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*ple"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving
to fulfill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Completory</i> of ancient
presignifications.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"ple*to"ry</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>completorium</i>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Compline</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"plex</hw> (k&obreve;m"pl&ebreve;ks),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>complexus</i>, p. p. of
<i>complecti</i> to entwine around, comprise; <i>com-</i> +
<i>plectere</i> to twist, akin to <i>plicare</i> to fold. See
<u>Plait</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Composed of two or more parts; composite; not simple; as, a
<i>complex</i> being; a <i>complex</i> idea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ideas thus made up of several simple ones put
together, I call <i>complex</i>; such as beauty, gratitude, a
man, an army, the universe.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Involving many parts; complicated;
intricate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the actual motions of the heavens are
calculated in the best possible way, the process is difficult and
<i>complex</i>.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Complex fraction</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Fraction</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Complex number</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>in the theory of numbers, an expression of
the form <i>a + b&radic;-1</i>, when <i>a</i> and <i>b</i> are
ordinary integers.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Intricate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com"plex</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>complexus</i>]
<def>Assemblage of related things; collection;
complication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This parable of the wedding supper comprehends in
it the whole <i>complex</i> of all the blessings and privileges
exhibited by the gospel.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Complex of lines</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>,  <cd>all
the possible straight lines in space being considered, the entire
system of lines which satisfy a single relation constitute a
<i>complex</i>; as, all the lines which meet a given curve make
up a <i>complex</i>. The lines which satisfy two relations
constitute a <i>congruency</i> of lines; as, the entire system of
lines, each one of which meets two given surfaces, is a
<i>congruency</i>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 291 !></p>

<p><hw>Com*plexed"</hw> (k&obreve;m*pl&ebreve;kst"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Complex, complicated.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Complexed</i> significations."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*plex"ed*ness</hw>
(k&obreve;m*pl&ebreve;ks"&ebreve;d*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being complex
or involved; complication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>complexedness</i> of these moral ideas.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*plex"ion</hw> (k&obreve;m*pl&ebreve;k"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>complexion</i>, fr. L.
<i>complexio</i>. See <u>Complex</u>, a.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being complex; complexity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though the terms of propositions may be complex,
yet . . . it is properly called a simple syllogism, since the
<i>complexion</i> does not belong to the syllogistic form of
it.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A combination; a complex.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>This paragraph is . . . a <i>complexion</i> of
sophisms.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The bodily constitution; the
temperament; habitude, or natural disposition; character;
nature.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If his <i>complexion</i> incline him to
melancholy.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the <i>complexion</i> of them all to leave
the dam.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The color or hue of the skin, esp. of
the face.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tall was her stature, her <i>complexion</i>
dark.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Between the pale <i>complexion</i> of true
love,<BR>
And the red glow of scorn and proud disdain.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The general appearance or aspect; as,
the <i>complexion</i> of the sky; the <i>complexion</i> of the
news.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*plex"ion*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to constitutional complexion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A moral rather than a <i>complexional</i>
timidity.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*plex"ion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Constitutionally.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though corruptible, not <i>complexionally</i>
vicious.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*plex"ion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to the complexion, or to the care of it.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*plex"ioned</hw> (k&obreve;m*pl&ebreve;k"sh&ubreve;nd),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having (such) a complexion; -- used in
composition; as, a dark-<i>complexioned</i> or a ruddy-
<i>complexioned</i> person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A flower is the best-<i>complexioned</i> grass, as
a pearl is the best-colored clay.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*plex"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Complexities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>complexit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of
being complex; intricacy; entanglement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The objects of society are of the greatest
possible <i>complexity</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is complex; intricacy;
complication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many-corridored <i>complexities</i><BR>
Of Arthur's palace.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"plex`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
complex manner; not simply.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"plex`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being complex; complexity.</def>  <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Com*plex"us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an
embracing.] <def>A complex; an aggregate of parts; a
complication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pli"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of bending or yielding; apt to yield; compliant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Another <i>compliable</i> mind.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The Jews . . . had made their religion
<i>compliable</i>, and accommodated to their passions.<BR>
<i>Jortin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pli"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Comply</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of complying; a
yielding; as to a desire, demand, or proposal; concession;
submission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>compliances</i> will remove
dissension?<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Ready <i>compliance</i> with the wishes of his
people.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disposition to yield to others;
complaisance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of few words and of great
<i>compliance</i>.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Concession; submission; consent; obedience;
performance; execution; acquiescence; assent.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pli"an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Compliance; disposition to yield to others.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pli"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Yielding;
bending; pliant; submissive.</def> "The <i>compliant</i> boughs."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pli"ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
compliant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"pli*ca*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state
of being complicate or intricate.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"pli*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>complicans</i>, p. pr.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Overlapping,
as the elytra of certain beetles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>complicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>complicare</i> to fold together.
See <u>Complex</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Composed of two or
more parts united; complex; complicated; involved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How poor, how rich, how abject, how august,<BR>
How <i>complicate</i>, how wonderful is man!<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Folded together, or upon
itself, with the fold running lengthwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Complicated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Complicating</u>.] <def>To fold or
twist together; to combine intricately; to make complex; to
combine or associate so as to make intricate or
difficult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor can his <i>complicated</i> sinews fail.<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Avarice and luxury very often become one
<i>complicated</i> principle of action.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>When the disease is <i>complicated</i> with other
diseases.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"pli*cate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
complex manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"pli*cate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Complexity.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compliasion</i>: cf. F. <i>complication</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of complicating; the
state of being complicated; intricate or confused relation of
parts; entanglement; complexity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>complication</i> of diseases.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Through and beyond these dark <i>complications</i>
of the present, the New England founders looked to the great
necessities of future times.<BR>
<i>Palfrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease or diseases,
or adventitious circumstances or conditions, coexistent with and
modifying a primary disease, but not necessarily connected with
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"plice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Complices</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. L. <i>complex</i>, <i>-
plicis</i>, closely connected with one, confederate. See
<u>Complicate</u>, and cf. <u>Accomplice</u>.] <def>An
accomplice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To quell the rebels and their
<i>complices</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*plic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Complicities</b></plw> (#). [F.
<i>complicit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state of being an accomplice;
participation in guilt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pli"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
complies, yields, or obeys; one of an easy, yielding
temper.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"pli*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>compliment</i>. It <i>complimento</i>, fr. <i>comlire</i> to
compliment, finish, suit, fr. L. <i>complere</i> to fill up. See
<u>Complete</u>, and cf. <u>Complement</u>.] <def>An expression,
by word or act, of approbation, regard, confidence, civility, or
admiration; a flattering speech or attention; a ceremonious
greeting; as, to send one's <i>compliments</i> to a
friend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tedious waste of time, to sit and hear<BR>
So many hollow <i>compliments</i> and lies.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Many a <i>compliment</i> politely penned.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To make one a compliment</b></col>, <cd>to show one
respect; to praise one in a flattering way.</cd> <i>Locke.</i> --
<col><b>To make one's compliments to</b></col>, <cd>to offer
formal courtesies to.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand on
compliment</b></col>, <cd>to treat with ceremony.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Adulation</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com"pli*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
praise, flatter, or gratify, by expressions of approbation,
respect, or congratulation; to make or pay a compliment
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Monarchs should their inward soul disguise; . . .
<BR>
Should <i>compliment</i> their foes and shun their friends.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To praise; flatter; adulate; commend.</p>

<p><hw>Com"pli*ment</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass
compliments; to use conventional expressions of
respect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I make the interlocutors, upon occasion,
<i>compliment</i> with one another.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com`pli*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Complimentary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Languages . . . grow rich and abundant in
<i>complimental</i> phrases, and such froth.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Com`pli*men"tal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i>  -- <wf>Com`pli*men"tal*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`pli*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Expressive of regard or praise; of the nature of, or
containing, a compliment; as, a <i>complimentary</i> remark; a
<i>complimentary</i> ticket.</def> "<i>Complimentary</i>
addresses."  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`pli*men"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Complimentary.</def> [R.]  <i>Boswell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"pli*ment`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who compliments; one given to complimenting; a
flatterer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Com"pline</hw>, <hw>Com"plin</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From OE. <i>complie</i>, OF.
<i>complie</i>, F. <i>complies</i>, pl., fr. LL. <i>completa</i>
(prop. fem. of L. <i>completus</i>) the religious exercise which
completes and closes the service of the day. See
<u>Complete</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The last division of the
Roman Catholic breviary; the seventh and last of the canonical
hours of the Western church; the last prayer of the day, to be
said after sunset.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The custom of godly man been to shut up the
evening with a <i>compline</i> of prayer at nine of the
night.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"plot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>complot</i>, prob. for <i>comploit</i>, fr.L.
<i>complicitum</i>, prop. p. p. of <i>complicare</i>, but equiv.
to <i>complicatio</i> complication, entangling. See
<u>Complicate</u>, and cf. <u>Plot</u>.] <def>A plotting
together; a confederacy in some evil design; a
conspiracy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know their <i>complot</i> is to have my
life.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*plot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Complotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Complotting</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>comploter</i>,
fr. <i>complot</i>.] <def>To plot or plan together; to conspire;
to join in a secret design.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We find them <i>complotting</i> together, and
contriving a new scene of miseries to the Trojans.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*plot"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
plotting together.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*plot"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
joined in a plot.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`plu*ten"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to <i>Complutum</i> (now Alcala de Henares) a city
near Madrid; as, the <i>Complutensian</i> Bible.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Com*plu"vi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A space left unroofed over the court of a
Roman dwelling, through which the rain fell into the
<i>impluvium</i> or cistern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*ply"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Complied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Complying</u>.] [Perh. formed fr.
<i>compliment</i>, influenced by <i>ply</i>, <i>pliant</i>, which
are of different origin: cf. It. <i>complire</i> to compliment,
finish, suit. See <u>Compliment</u>, <u>Complete</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To yield assent; to accord; agree, or
acquiesce; to adapt one's self; to consent or conform; -- usually
followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet this be sure, in nothing to <i>comply</i>,<BR>
Scandalous or forbidden in our law.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They did servilely <i>comply</i> with the people
in worshiping God by sensible images.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He that <i>complies</i> against his will<BR>
Is of his own opinion still.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be ceremoniously courteous; to make
one's compliments.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*ply"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>comply</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fulfill; to
accomplish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. L. <i>complicare</i> to fold up. See
<u>Ply</u>.] <def>To infold; to embrace.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Seemed to <i>comply</i>,<BR>
Cloudlike, the daintie deitie.<BR>
<i>Herrick.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pone"</hw> (-p&omacr;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>componere</i>. See <u>Compound</u>.] <def>To compose; to
settle; to arrange.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A good pretense for <i>componing</i> peace.<BR>
<i>Strype.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Com*po"ne</hw> (k&obreve;m*p&omacr;"n&asl;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See <u>Compony</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*po"nent</hw> (k&obreve;m*p&omacr;"n<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>componens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>componere</i>. See <u>Compound</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Serving, or helping, to form; composing; constituting;
constituent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>component</i> parts of natural bodies.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*po"nent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A constituent
part; an ingredient.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Component of force</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a
force which, acting conjointly with one or more forces, produces
the effect of a single force or resultant; one of a number of
forces into which a single force may be resolved.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Com*po"ny</hw> (?), <hw>||Com*po"n&eacute;</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. compon&eacute;.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Divided into squares of alternate tinctures in a single row;
-- said of any bearing; or, in the case of a bearing having
curved lines, divided into patches of alternate colors following
the curve. If there are two rows it is called <i>counter-
compony</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Comported</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Comporting</u>.] [F. <i>comporter</i>, <i>LL</i>.
<i>comportare</i>, fr.L. <i>comportare</i> to bring together;
<i>com-</i> + <i>portare</i> to carry. See <u>Port demeanor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bear or endure; to put up (with); as,
to <i>comport</i> with an injury.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To agree; to accord; to suit; --
sometimes followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How ill this dullness doth <i>comport</i> with
greatness.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>How their behavior herein <i>comported</i> with
the institution.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bear; to endure; to brook; to put
with.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The malcontented sort<BR>
That never can the present state <i>comport</i>.<BR>
<i>Daniel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry; to conduct; -- with a
reflexive pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Observe how Lord Somers . . . <i>comported</i>
himself.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"port</hw> (?, formerly &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
OF. <i>comport</i>.] <def>Manner of acting; behavior; conduct;
deportment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I knew them well, and marked their rude
<i>comport</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*port"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Suitable; consistent.</def> [Obs.] "Some <i>comportable</i>
method."  <i>Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*port"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Behavior; comport.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Goodly <i>comportance</i> each to other bear.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com`por*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comportatio</i>.] <def>A bringing together.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*port"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>comportement</i>.] <def>Manner of acting; behavior;
bearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A graceful <i>comportment</i> of their bodies.<BR>
<i>Cowley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Her serious and devout <i>comportment</i>.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Composed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Composing</u>.] [F. <i>composer</i>; <i>com-</i>
+ <i>poser</i> to place. The sense is that of L.
<i>componere</i>, but the origin is different. See <u>Pose</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form by
putting together two or more things or parts; to put together; to
make up; to fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Zeal ought to be <i>composed</i> of the highest
degrees of all pious affection.<BR>
<i>Bp. Sprat.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form the substance of, or part of
the substance of; to constitute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their borrowed gold <i>composed</i><BR>
The calf in Oreb.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A few useful things . . . <i>compose</i> their
intellectual possessions.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To construct by mental labor; to
design and execute, or put together, in a manner involving the
adaptation of forms of expression to ideas, or to the laws of
harmony or proportion; as, to <i>compose</i> a sentence, a
sermon, a symphony, or a picture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me <i>compose</i><BR>
Something in verse as well as prose.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The genius that <i>composed</i> such works as the
"Standard" and "Last Supper".<BR>
<i>B. R. Haydon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dispose in proper form; to reduce
to order; to put in proper state or condition; to adjust; to
regulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a peaceful grave my corpse <i>compose</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>How in safety best we may<BR>
<i>Compose</i> our present evils.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To free from agitation or disturbance;
to tranquilize; to soothe; to calm; to quiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Compose</i> thy mind;<BR>
Nor frauds are here contrived, nor force designed.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To arrange (types) in
a composing stick in order for printing; to set (type).</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come to
terms.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*posed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
agitation; calm; sedate; quiet; tranquil; self-
possessed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Mantuan there in sober triumph sate,<BR>
<i>Composed</i> his posture, and his look sedate.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Com*pos"ed*ly</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Com*pos"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Com*pos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who composes; an author.
Specifically, an author of a piece of music.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the thoughts of such authors have nothing in
them, they at least . . . show an honest industry and a good
intention in the <i>composer</i>.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His [Mozart's] most brilliant and solid glory is
founded upon his talents as a <i>composer</i>.<BR>
<i>Moore (Encyc. of Mus.).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, quiets or
calms; one who adjusts a difference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet <i>composers</i> of the pensive soul.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pos"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tending to compose or soothe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or used in,
composition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Composing frame</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a stand
for holding cases of type when in use.</cd> -- <col><b>Composing
rule</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a thin slip of brass or
steel, against which the type is arranged in a composing stick,
or by the aid of which stickfuls or handfuls or type are lifted;
-- called also <i>setting rule</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Composing
stick</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>an instrument usually of
metal, which the compositor holds in his left hand, and in which
he arranges the type in words and lines. It has one open side,
and one adjustable end by means of which the length of the lines,
and consequently the width of the page or column, may be
determined.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Com*pos"i*t&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., from L. <i>compositus</i> made up of parts. See
<u>Composite</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large family of
dicotyledonous plants, having their flowers arranged in dense
heads of many small florets and their anthers united in a tube.
The daisy, dandelion, and asters, are examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pos"ite</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compositus</i> made up of parts, p. p. of <i>componere</i>.
See <u>Compound</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Compost</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made up of distinct
parts or elements; compounded; as, a <i>composite</i>
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Happiness, like air and water . . . is
<i>composite</i>.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Belonging to a certain
order which is composed of the Ionic order grafted upon the
Corinthian. It is called also the <i>Roman</i> or the
<i>Italic</i> order, and is one of the five orders recognized by
the Italian writers of the sixteenth century. See
<u>Capital</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 292 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Belonging to the order
<i>Composit&aelig;</i>; bearing involucrate heads of many small
florets, as the daisy, thistle, and dandelion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Composite carriage</b></col>, <cd>a railroad car
having compartments of different classes.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Composite number</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>one which
can be divided exactly by a number exceeding unity, as 6 by 2 or
3.</cd>. -- <col><b>Composite</b></col> <col><b>photograph or
portrait</b></col>, <cd>one made by a combination, or blending,
of several distinct photographs.</cd> <i>F. Galton.</i> --
<col><b>Composite sailing</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
combination of parallel and great circle sailing.</cd> --
<col><b>Composite ship</b></col>, <cd>one with a wooden casing
and iron frame.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*pos"ite</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which is made up of parts or compounded of several elements;
composition; combination; compound.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Com`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>composition</i>, fr. L. <i>compositio</i>. See
<u>Composite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or art of
composing, or forming a whole or integral, by placing together
and uniting different things, parts, or ingredients.</def> In
specific uses: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The invention or
combination of the parts of any literary work or discourse, or of
a work of art; as, the <i>composition</i> of a poem or a piece of
music.</def> "The constant habit of elaborate
<i>composition</i>." <i>Macaulay.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The art or practice of so combining the
different parts of a work of art as to produce a harmonious
whole; also, a work of art considered as such. See 4,
below.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The act of writing for
practice in a language, as English, Latin, German, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The setting up of type
and arranging it for printing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being put together or
composed; conjunction; combination; adjustment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>View them in <i>composition</i> with other
things.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The elementary <i>composition</i> of bodies.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mass or body formed by combining two
or more substances; as, a chemical <i>composition</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>composition</i> that looks . . . like
marble.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A literary, musical, or artistic
production, especially one showing study and care in arrangement;
-- often used of an elementary essay or translation done as an
educational exercise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Consistency; accord; congruity.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is no <i>composition</i> in these news<BR>
That gives them credit.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Mutual agreement to terms or
conditions for the settlement of a difference or controversy;
also, the terms or conditions of settlement; agreement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus we are agreed:<BR>
I crave our <i>composition</i> may be written.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The adjustment of a debt,
or avoidance of an obligation, by some form of compensation
agreed on between the parties; also, the sum or amount of
compensation agreed upon in the adjustment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Compositions</i> for not taking the order of
knighthood.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Cleared by <i>composition</i> with their
creditors.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Synthesis as opposed to
analysis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The investigation of difficult things by the
method of analysis ought ever to precede the method of
<i>composition</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Composition cloth</b></col>, <cd>a kind of cloth
covered with a preparation making it waterproof.</cd> --
<col><b>Composition deed</b></col>, <cd>an agreement for
composition between a debtor and several creditors.</cd> --
<col><b>Composition plane</b></col> <i>(Crystallog.)</i>, <cd>the
plane by which the two individuals of a twin crystal are united
in their reserved positions.</cd> -- <col><b>Composition of
forces</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the finding of a single
force (called the <i>resultant</i>) which shall be equal in
effect to two or more given forces (called the <i>components</i>)
when acting in given directions.</cd> <i>Herbert.</i> --
<col><b>Composition metal</b></col>, <cd>an alloy resembling
brass, which is sometimes used instead of copper for sheathing
vessels; -- also called <i>Muntz metal</i> and <i>yellow
metal</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Composition of proportion</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>an arrangement of four proportionals so that
the sum of the first and second is to the second as the sum of
the third and fourth to the fourth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*pos"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compositivus</i>.] <def>Having the quality of entering into
composition; compounded.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*pos"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an
arranger.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who composes or sets in
order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>One who sets type and
arranges it for use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pos"i*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Belonging to the <i>Composit&aelig;</i>;
composite.</def> [R.] <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pos"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>com-</i> + <i>possible</i>.] <def>Able to exist with another
thing; consistent.</def> [R.] <i>Chillingworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"post</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OF.
<i>compost</i>, fr. L. <i>compositus</i>, p. p. See
<u>Composite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mixture; a
compound.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A sad <i>compost</i> of more bitter than
sweet.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A mixture for
fertilizing land; esp., a composition of various substances (as
muck, mold, lime, and stable manure) thoroughly mingled and
decomposed, as in a compost heap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And do not spread the <i>compost</i> on the
weeds<BR>
To make them ranker.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"post</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To manure with compost.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mingle, as different fertilizing
substances, in a mass where they will decompose and form into a
compost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pos"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compositura</i>, <i>-postura</i>, a joining.] <def>Manure;
compost.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*po"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Compose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of composing, or
that which is composed; a composition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Signor Pietro, who had an admirable way both of
<i>composure</i> [in music] and teaching.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Orderly adjustment; disposition.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Various <i>composures</i> and combinations of
these corpuscles.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Frame; make; temperament.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>composure</i> must be rare indeed<BR>
Whom these things can not blemish.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A settled state; calmness; sedateness;
tranquillity; repose.</def> "We seek peace and <i>composure</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the passions . . . are all silent, the mind
enjoys its most perfect <i>composure</i>.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A combination; a union; a bond.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`po*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compotatio</i>; <i>com-</i> + <i>potare</i> to drink.]
<def>The act of drinking or tippling together.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The fashion of <i>compotation</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"po*ta`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who drinks with another.</def> [R.] <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Com"pote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Compost</u>.] <def>A preparation of fruit in sirup in such a
manner as to preserve its form, either whole, halved, or
quartered; as, a <i>compote</i> of pears.</def>
<i>Littr&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Com"pound</hw> (k&obreve;m"pound), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Malay <i>kompung</i> a village.] <def>In the East Indies, an
inclosure containing a house, outbuildings, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pound"</hw> (k&obreve;m*pound"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Compounded</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Compounding</u>.] [OE.
<i>componen</i>, <i>compounen</i>, L. <i>componere</i>,
<i>compositum</i>; <i>com-</i>+ <i>ponere</i> to put set. The
<i>d</i> is excrescent. See <u>Position</u>, and cf.
<u>Compon&eacute;</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form or make
by combining different elements, ingredients, or parts; as, to
<i>compound</i> a medicine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Incapacitating him from successfully
<i>compounding</i> a tale of this sort.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put together, as elements,
ingredients, or parts, in order to form a whole; to combine, mix,
or unite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have the power of altering and
<i>compounding</i> those images into all the varieties of
picture.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To modify or change by combination
with some other thing or part; to mingle with something
else.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Only <i>compound</i> me with forgotten dust.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To compose; to constitute.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His pomp and all what state <i>compounds</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To settle amicably; to adjust by
agreement; to compromise; to discharge from obligation upon terms
different from those which were stipulated; as, to
<i>compound</i> a debt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I pray, my lords, let me <i>compound</i> this
strife.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To compound a felony</b></col>, <cd>to accept of a
consideration for forbearing to prosecute, such compounding being
an indictable offense. See <u>Theftbote</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*pound"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To effect a
composition; to come to terms of agreement; to agree; to settle
by a compromise; -- usually followed by <i>with</i> before the
person participating, and <i>for</i> before the thing compounded
or the <i>consideration</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here's a fellow will help you to-morrow; . . .
<i>compound</i> with him by the year.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They were at last glad to <i>compound</i> for his
bare commitment to the Tower.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Cornwall <i>compounded</i> to furnish ten oxen
after Michaelmas for thirty pounds.<BR>
<i>R. Carew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Compound</i> for sins they are inclined to<BR>
By damning those they have no mind to.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"pound</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>compouned</i>, p. p. of <i>compounen</i>. See <u>Compound</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Composed of two or more elements,
ingredients, parts; produced by the union of several ingredients,
parts, or things; composite; as, a <i>compound</i>
word.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Compound</i> substances are made up of two or
more simple substances.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Compound addition</b></col>,
<col><b>subtraction</b></col>, <col><b>multiplication</b></col>,
<col><b>division</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>the addition,
subtraction, etc., of compound numbers.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound
crystal</b></col> <i>(Crystallog.)</i>, <cd>a twin crystal, or
one seeming to be made up of two or more crystals combined
according to regular laws of composition.</cd> --
<col><b>Compound engine</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a form of
steam engine in which the steam that has been used in a high-
pressure cylinder is made to do further service in a larger low-
pressure cylinder, sometimes in several larger cylinders,
successively.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound ether</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Ether</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Compound flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a flower
head resembling a single flower, but really composed of several
florets inclosed in a common calyxlike involucre, as the
sunflower or dandelion.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound
fraction</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See <u>Fraction</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Compound fracture</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Fracture</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound householder</b></col>,
<cd>a householder who compounds or arranges with his landlord
that his rates shall be included in his rents.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Compound interest</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Interest</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound larceny</b></col>.
<i>(Law)</i> <cd>See <u>Larceny</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound
leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leaf having two or more
separate blades or leaflets on a common leafstalk.</cd> --
<col><b>Compound microscope</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Microscope</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound motion</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Motion</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound number</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>one constructed according to a varying scale
of denomination; as, 3 <i>cwt.</i>, 1 <i>qr.</i>, 5 <i>lb.</i>; -
- called also <i>denominate number</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound
pier</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a clustered column.</cd> --
<col><b>Compound quantity</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>a quantity
composed of two or more simple quantities or terms, connected by
the sign + (plus) or - (minus). Thus, <i>a + b - c</i>, and <i>bb
- b</i>, are compound quantities.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound
radical</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <u>Radical</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Compound ratio</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the product
of two or more ratios; thus <i>ab:cd</i> is a ratio compounded of
the simple ratios <i>a:c</i> and <i>b:d</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Compound rest</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the tool
carriage of an engine lathe.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound
screw</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a screw having on the same
axis two or more screws with different pitch (a differential
screw), or running in different directions (a right and left
screw).</cd> -- <col><b>Compound time</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>that in which two or more simple measures are combined in
one; as, 6-8 time is the joining of two measures of 3-8
time.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound word</b></col>, <cd>a word
composed of two or more words; specifically, two or more words
joined together by a hyphen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com"pound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is compounded or formed by the union or mixture
of elements ingredients, or parts; a combination of simples; a
compound word; the result of composition.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rare <i>compound</i> of oddity, frolic, and
fun.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>When the word "bishopric" was first made, it was
made as a <i>compound</i>.<BR>
<i>Earle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A union of two or more
ingredients in definite proportions by weight, so combined as to
form a distinct substance; as, water is a <i>compound</i> of
oxygen and hydrogen.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Every definite chemical <i>compound</i> always contains
the same elements, united in the same proportions by weight, and
with the same internal arrangement.</p>

<p><col><b>Binary compound</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>. <cd>See
under <u>Binary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Carbon compounds</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>. <cd>See under <u>Carbon</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*pound"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
may be compounded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pound"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, compounds or
mixes; as, a <i>compounder</i> of medicines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who attempts to bring persons or
parties to terms of agreement, or to accomplish, ends by
compromises.</def> "<i>Compounders</i> in politics."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who compounds a debt, obligation,
or crime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Religious houses made <i>compounders</i><BR>
For the horrid actions of their founders.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One at a university who pays
extraordinary fees for the degree he is to take.</def> [Eng.]
<i>A. Wood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>A Jacobite who
favored the restoration of James II, on condition of a general
amnesty and of guarantees for the security of the civil and
ecclesiastical constitution of the realm.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Com`pra*dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg., a
buyer.] <def>A kind of steward or agent.</def> [China] <i>S. W.
Williams</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`pre*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comprecatio</i>, fr. <i>comprecari</i> to pray to. See
<u>Precarious</u>.] <def>A praying together.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bp.
Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`pre*hend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Comprehended</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Comprehending</u>.] [L.
<i>comprehendere</i>, <i>comprehensum</i>; <i>com-</i> +
<i>prehendere</i> to grasp, seize; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>hendere</i> (used only in comp.). See <u>Get</u>, and cf.
<u>Comprise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To contain; to embrace;
to include; as, the states <i>comprehended</i> in the Austrian
Empire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who hath . . . <i>comprehended</i> the dust of the
earth in a measure.<BR>
<i>Is. xl. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take in or include by construction
or implication; to comprise; to imply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Comprehended</i> all in this one word,
Discretion.<BR>
<i>Hobbes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And if there be any other commandment, it is
briefly <i>comprehended</i> in this saying.<BR>
<i>Rom. xiii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take into the mind; to grasp with
the understanding; to apprehend the meaning of; to
understand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At a loss to <i>comprehend</i> the question.<BR>
<i>W. Irwing.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Great things doeth he, which we can not
<i>comprehend</i>.<BR>
<i>Job. xxxvii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To contain; include; embrace; comprise;
inclose; grasp; embody; involve; imply; apprehend; imagine;
conceive; understand. See <u>Apprehend</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com`pre*hen`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being comprehensible; capability of
being understood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"pre*hen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comprehensibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>compre&eacute;hensible</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being comprehended, included,
or comprised.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest this part of knowledge should seem to any not
<i>comprehensible</i> by axiom, we will set down some heads of
it.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being understood;
intelligible; conceivable by the mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The horizon sets the bounds . . . between what is
and what is not <i>comprehensible</i> by us.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com`pre*hen"si*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being comprehensible;
comprehensibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`pre*hen"si*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With great extent of signification;
comprehensively.</def> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intelligibly; in a manner to be
comprehended or understood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`pre*hen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comprehensio</i>: cf. F. <i>compr&eacute;hension</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of comprehending, containing, or
comprising; inclusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the Old Testament there is a close
<i>comprehension</i> of the New; in the New, an open discovery of
the Old.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is comprehended or inclosed
within narrow limits; a summary; an epitome.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though not a catalogue of fundamentals, yet . . .
a <i>comprehension</i> of them.<BR>
<i>Chillingworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The capacity of the mind to perceive
and understand; the power, act, or process of grasping with the
intellect; perception; understanding; as, a <i>comprehension</i>
of abstract principles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The complement of
attributes which make up the notion signified by a general
term.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by which the
name of a whole is put for a part, or that of a part for a whole,
or a definite number for an indefinite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`pre*hen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>compr&eacute;hensif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Including
much; comprising many things; having a wide scope or a full
view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A very <i>comprehensive</i> definition.<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Large and <i>comprehensive</i> idea.<BR>
<i>Channing.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the power to comprehend or
understand many things.</def> "His <i>comprehensive</i> head."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Possessing
peculiarities that are characteristic of several diverse
groups.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is applied chiefly to early fossil groups
which have a combination of structures that appear in more fully
developed or specialized forms in later groups. <i>Synthetic</i>,
as used by Agassiz, is nearly synonymous.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Extensive; wide; large; full; compendious.</p>

<p><hw>Com`pre*hen"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
comprehensive manner; with great extent of scope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`pre*hen"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being comprehensive; extensiveness of scope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Compare the beauty and <i>comprehensiveness</i> of
legends on ancient coins.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com`pre*hen"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who comprehends; one who has attained to a full knowledge.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When I shall have dispatched this weary
pilgrimage, and from a traveler shall come to be a
<i>comprehensor</i>, farewell faith and welcome vision.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*press"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Compressed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Compressing</u>.] [L. <i>compressus</i>, p. p. of
<i>comprimere</i> to compress: <i>com-</i> + <i>premere</i> to
press. See Press.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To press or squeeze
together; to force into a narrower compass; to reduce the volume
of by pressure; to compact; to condense; as, to <i>compress</i>
air or water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Events of centuries . . . <i>compressed</i> within
the compass of a single life.<BR>
<i>D. Webster.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The same strength of expression, though more
<i>compressed</i>, runs through his historical harangues.<BR>
<i>Melmoth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To embrace sexually.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To crowd; squeeze; condense; reduce;
abridge.</p>

<! p. 293 !>

<p><hw>Com"press</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>compresse</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A folded piece of cloth,
pledget of lint, etc., used to cover the dressing of wounds, and
so placed as, by the aid of a bandage, to make due pressure on
any part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pressed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pressed together; compacted; reduced in
volume by pressure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Flattened
lengthwise.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Compressed-air engine</b></col>, <cd>an engine
operated by the elastic force of compressed air.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Com*press`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>compressibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
compressible of being compressible; as, the
<i>compressibility</i> of elastic fluids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*press"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>compressible</i>.] <def>Capable of being pressed together or
forced into a narrower compass, as an elastic or spongy
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*press"ible*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being compressible; compressibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compressio</i>: cf. F. <i>compression</i>.] <def>The act of
compressing, or state of being compressed.</def>
"<i>Compression</i> of thought." <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*press"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>compressif</i>.] <def>Compressing, or having power or tendency
to compress; as, a <i>compressive</i> force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*press"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Anything which serves to compress</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle that compresses
certain parts.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An
instrument for compressing an artery (esp., the femoral artery)
or other part.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An apparatus for
confining or flattening between glass plates an object to be
examined with the microscope; -- called also
<i>compressorium</i>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>A machine for compressing gases; especially, an air
compressor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pres"sure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Compression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*print"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To print together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>To print
surreptitiously a work belonging to another.</def> <i>E.
Phillips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"print</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>The surreptitious printing of another's copy or
book; a work thus printed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pris"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
comprising or comprehending; a compendium or epitome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>comprisal</i> . . . and sum of all
wickedness.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*prise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Comprised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Comprising</u>.] [From F. <i>compris</i>,
<i>comprise</i>, p. p. of <i>comprendre</i>, L.
<i>comprehendere</i>. See <u>Comprehend</u>.] <def>To comprehend;
to include.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Comprise</i> much matter in few words.<BR>
<i>Hocker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Friendship does two souls in one
<i>comprise</i>.<BR>
<i>Roscommon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Syn. -- To embrace; include; comprehend; contain; encircle;
inclose; involve; imply.</p>

<p><hw>Com"pro*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comprobatus</i>, p. p. of <i>comprobare</i>, to approve
wholly.] <def>To agree; to concur.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`pro*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>comprobatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Joint attestation;
proof.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Approbation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"pro*mise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>compromis</i>, fr. L. <i>compromissum</i> a mutual promise to
abide by the decision of an arbiter, fr. <i>compromittere</i> to
make such a promise; <i>com-</i> + <i>promittere</i> to promise.
See <u>Promise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mutual agreement
to refer matters in dispute to the decision of arbitrators.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A settlement by arbitration or by
mutual consent reached by concession on both sides; a reciprocal
abatement of extreme demands or rights, resulting in an
agreement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But basely yielded upon <i>compromise</i><BR>
That which his noble ancestors achieved with blows.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>All government, indeed every human benefit and
enjoyment, every virtue and every prudent act, is founded on
<i>compromise</i> and barter.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An abhorrence of concession and <i>compromise</i>
is a never failing characteristic of religious factions.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A committal to something derogatory or
objectionable; a prejudicial concession; a surrender; as, a
<i>compromise</i> of character or right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was determined not to accept any fine speeches,
to the <i>compromise</i> of that sex the belonging to which was,
after all, my strongest claim and title to them.<BR>
<i>Lamb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"pro*mise</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Compromised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Compromising</u>.] [From <u>Compromise</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; cf. <u>Compromit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bind by mutual agreement; to agree.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Laban and himself were <i>compromised</i><BR>
That all the eanlings which were streaked and pied<BR>
Should fall as Jacob's hire.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adjust and settle by mutual
concessions; to compound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The controversy may easily be
<i>compromised</i>.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pledge by some act or declaration;
to endanger the life, reputation, etc., of, by some act which can
not be recalled; to expose to suspicion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To pardon all who had been <i>compromised</i> in
the late disturbances.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"pro*mise</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To agree; to accord.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make concession for conciliation
and peace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"pro*mi`ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
compromises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`pro*mis*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to compromise.</def> [R.] <i>Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"pro*mit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Compromitted</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Compromitting</u>.] [L.
<i>compromittere</i>. See <u>Compromise</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pledge by some
act or declaration; to promise.</def> <i>State Trials
(1529).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put to hazard, by some
indiscretion; to endanger; to compromise; as, to <i>compromit</i>
the honor or the safety of a nation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`pro*vin"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Belonging to, or associated in, the same province.</def>
[Obs.] -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who belongs to the same
province.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The six islands, <i>comprovincial</i><BR>
In ancient times unto Great Britain.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Comp*sog"na*thus</hw>
(k&obreve;mp*s&obreve;g"n&adot;*th&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>kompo`s</grk> elegant,
pretty + <grk>gna`qos</grk> jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of Dinosauria found in the Jurassic formation, and
remarkable for having several birdlike features.</def></p>

<p><hw>Compt</hw> (kount, <i>formerly</i> k&obreve;mt; 215),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>compte</i>. See <u>Count</u> an
account.] <def>Account; reckoning; computation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Compt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>compter</i>.
See <u>Count</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To compute; to
count.</def> [Obs.] See <u>Count</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Compt</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>comptus</i>, p. p.
of <i>comere</i> to care for, comb, arrange, adorn.] <def>Neat;
spruce.</def> [Obs.] <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Compt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
counter.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Compte" ren`du</hw> (?). [F.] <def>A report of an
officer or agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Compt"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Compt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Accountable;
responsible; sensitive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am very <i>comptible</i> even to the least
sinister usage.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Compt"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Neatly.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Comp*trol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Control</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Comp*trol"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
controller; a public officer whose duty it is to examine certify
accounts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pul"sa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>compulsare</i>, v. intens. of <i>compellere</i>. See
<u>Compel</u>.] <def>Compulsatory.</def> [R.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*pul"sa*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
compulsion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*pul"sa*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Operating with force; compelling; forcing; constraining;
resulting from, or enforced by, compulsion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To recover of us, by strong hand<BR>
And terms <i>compulsatory</i>, those foresaid lands.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pul"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compulsio</i>. See <u>Compel</u>.] <def>The act of compelling,
or the state of being compelled; the act of driving or urging by
force or by physical or moral constraint; subjection to
force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If reasons were as plentiful as blackberries, I
would give no man a reason upon <i>compulsion</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>With what <i>compulsion</i> and laborious
flight<BR>
We sunk thus low.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Constraint</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
power to compel; exercising or applying compulsion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Religion is . . . inconsistent with all
<i>compulsive</i> motives.<BR>
<i>Sharp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pul"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
compulsion; by force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pul"so*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
a compulsory manner; by force or constraint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pul"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>compulsorius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the power of
compulsion; constraining.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obligatory; enjoined by authority;
necessary; due to compulsion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This contribution threatening to fall infinitely
short of their hopes, they soon made it <i>compulsory</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*punct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>compunctus</i>, p. p.] <def>Affected with compunction;
conscience-stricken.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*punc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>compunction</i>, F. <i>componction</i>, L. <i>compunctio</i>,
fr. <i>compungere</i>, <i>compunctum</i>, to prick; <i>com-</i> +
<i>pungere</i> to prick, sting. See <u>Pungent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pricking; stimulation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That acid and piercing spirit which, with such
activity and <i>compunction</i>, invadeth the brains and
nostrils.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A picking of heart; poignant grief
proceeding from a sense of guilt or consciousness of causing
pain; the sting of conscience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He acknowledged his disloyalty to the king, with
expressions of great <i>compunction</i>.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Compunction</u>, <u>Remorse</u>,
<u>Contrition</u>.  <i>Remorse</i> is anguish of soul under a
sense of guilt or consciousness of having offended God or brought
evil upon one's self or others. <i>Compunction</i> is the pain
occasioned by a wounded and awakened conscience. Neither of them
implies true <i>contrition</i>, which denotes self-condemnation,
humiliation, and repentance. We speak of the gnawings of
<i>remorse</i>; of <i>compunction</i> for a specific act of
transgression; of deep <i>contrition</i> in view of our past
lives. See <u>Regret</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*punc"tion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
compunction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*punc"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of compunction; caused by conscience; attended with, or
causing, compunction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That no <i>compunctious</i> visitings of
nature<BR>
Shake my fell purpose.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*punc"tious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
compunction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*punc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sensitive in respect of wrongdoing; conscientious.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com`pur*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>compurgatio</i>, fr. <i>compurgare</i> to purify wholly;
<i>com-</i> + <i>purgare</i> to make pure. See Purge, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act or
practice of justifying or confirming a man's veracity by the oath
of others; -- called also <i>wager of law</i>. See
<u>Purgation</u>; also <i>Wager of law</i>, under
<u>Wager</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exculpation by testimony to one's
veracity or innocence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was privileged from his childhood from
suspicion of incontinency and needed no <i>compurgation</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hacket.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"pur*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.]
<def>One who bears testimony or swears to the veracity or
innocence of another. See <u>Purgation</u>; also <i>Wager of
law</i>, under <u>Wager</u>.</def> </p>

<p><blockquote>All they who know me . . . will say they have
reason in this matter to be my <i>compurgators</i>.<BR>
<i>Chillingworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com*pur`ga*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to a compurgator or to compurgation.</def> "Their
<i>compurgatorial</i> oath." <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*put"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>computabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being computed, numbered,
or reckoned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not easily <i>computable</i> by arithmetic.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com`pu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>computatio</i>: cf. F. <i>computation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of computing; calculation;
reckoning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By just <i>computation</i> of the time.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By a <i>computation</i> backward from
ourselves.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The result of computation; the amount
computed.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reckoning; calculation; estimate; account.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pute"</hw> (k&obreve;m*p&umacr;t"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Computed</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Computing</u>.] [L.
<i>computare</i>. See <u>Count</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To determine by calculation; to reckon; to count.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two days, as we <i>compute</i> the days of
heaven.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What's done we partly may <i>compute</i>,<BR>
But know not what's resisted.<BR>
<i>Burns.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To calculate; number; count; reckon; estimate;
enumerate; rate. See <u>Calculate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Com*pute"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>computus</i>:
cf. F. <i>comput</i>.] <def>Computation.</def> [R.] <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com*put"er</hw> (-p&umacr;t"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who computes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"pu*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
computer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"rade</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>camarada</i>, fr. L. <i>camara</i>, a chamber; hence, a
chamber-fellowship, and then a chamber-fellow: cf. F.
<i>camarade</i>. Cf. <u>Chamber</u>.] <def>A mate, companion, or
associate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And turned my flying <i>comrades</i> to the
charge.<BR>
<i>J. Baillie.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I abjure all roofs, and choose . . . <BR>
To be a <i>comrade</i> with the wolf and owl.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"rade*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>camarederie</i>.] <def>The spirit of comradeship;
comradeship.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"Certainly", said Dunham, with the
<i>comradery</i> of the smoker.<BR>
<i>W. D. Howells.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Com"rade*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a comrade; intimate fellowship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"rogue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fellow
rogue.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Com"tism</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after
the French philosopher, Auguste <i>Comte</i>.] <def>Positivism;
the positive philosophy. See <u>Positivism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A disciple of
Comte; a positivist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con-</hw> (&?;). <def>A prefix, fr. L. <i>cum</i>,
signifying <i>with</i>, <i>together</i>, etc. See <u>Com-
</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from L.
<i>contra</i> against.] <def>Against the affirmative side; in
opposition; on the negative side; -- The antithesis of
<i>pro</i>, and usually in connection with it. See
<u>Pro</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Conned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Conning</u>.] [AS. <i>cunnan</i> to know, be able, and
(derived from this) <i>cunnian</i> to try, test. See <u>Can</u>,
<i>v. t. &amp; i.</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To know; to
understand; to acknowledge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of muses, Hobbinol, I <i>con</i> no skill.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They say they <i>con</i> to heaven the
highway.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To study in order to know; to peruse;
to learn; to commit to memory; to regard studiously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fixedly did look<BR>
Upon the muddy waters which he <i>conned</i><BR>
As if he had been reading in a book.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I did not come into Parliament to <i>con</i> my
lesson.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To con answer</b></col>, <cd>to be able to
answer.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>To con thanks</b></col>, <cd>to
thank; to acknowledge obligation.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Cond</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To conduct, or superintend the steering of (a
vessel); to watch the course of (a vessel) and direct the
helmsman how to steer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*a"cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
underlet a portion of, for a single crop; -- said of a
farm.</def> [Ireland]</p>

<p><hw>Con*a"cre</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A system of
letting a portion of a farm for a single crop.</def> [Ireland]
<def>Also used adjectively; as, the <i>conacre</i> system or
principle.</def> <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Co*na"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>kwna`rion</grk>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The pineal
gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conatio</i>.] <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The power or act which
directs or impels to effort of any kind, whether muscular or
psychical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of <i>conation</i>, in other words, of desire and
will.<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co"na*tive</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Conatus</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to conation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This division of mind into the three great classes
of the cognitive faculties, the feelings, . . . and the exertive
or <i>conative</i> powers, . . . was first promulgated by
Kant.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Co*na"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>conatus</i>, p. p. of <i>conari</i> to attempt.] <def>A
natural tendency inherent in a body to develop itself; an
attempt; an effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>conatus</i> could give prickles to the
porcupine or hedgehog, or to the sheep its fleece?<BR>
<i>Paley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cam"er*ate</hw>
(k&obreve;n*k&abreve;m"&etilde;r*&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [L. <i>concameratus</i>, p. p. of <i>concamerare</i>
to arch over. See <u>Camber</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To arch
over; to vault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of the upper beak an inch and a half consisteth of
one <i>concamerated</i> bone.<BR>
<i>Grew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divide into chambers or
cells.</def> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cam`er*a"tion</hw> (-&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>concameratio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An arch or vault.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A chamber of a multilocular
shell.</def> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cat"e*nate</hw>
(k&obreve;n*k&abreve;t"&esl;*n&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Concatenated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Concatenating</u>.] [L.
<i>concatenatus</i>, p. p. of <i>concatenare</i> to concatenate.
See <u>Catenate</u>.] <def>To link together; to unite in a series
or chain, as things depending on one another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This all things friendly will
<i>concatenate</i>.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cat`e*na"tion</hw> (-n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>concatenatio</i>.] <def>A series of
links united; a series or order of things depending on each
other, as if linked together; a chain, a succession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stoics affirmed a fatal, unchangeable
<i>concatenation</i> of causes, reaching even to the illicit acts
of man's will.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>concatenation</i> of explosions.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cause"</hw> (-k&add;z"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
joint cause.</def> <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><! p. 294 !></p>

<p><hw>Con`ca*va"tion</hw>
(k&obreve;&nsm;`k&adot;*v&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of making concave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"cave</hw> (k&obreve;&nsm;*k&amacr;*v" or k&obreve;n"-;
277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>concavus</i>; <i>con-</i> +
<i>cavus</i> hollow: cf. F. <i>concave</i>. See <u>Cave</u> a
hollow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hollow and curved or rounded;
vaulted; -- said of the interior of a curved surface or line, as
of the curve of the of the inner surface of an eggshell, in
opposition to <i>convex</i>; as, a <i>concave</i> mirror; the
<i>concave</i> arch of the sky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hollow; void of contents.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>concave</i> . . . as a worm-eaten nut.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"cave</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>concavum</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hollow; an arched vault; a cavity; a
recess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Up to the fiery <i>concave</i> towering hight.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A curved sheath or
breasting for a revolving cylinder or roll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"cave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>concaved</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Concaving</u>.] <def>To make hollow or
concave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"caved</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Bowed in the form of an arch; -- called also
<i>arched</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"cave*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hollowness;
concavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cav"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Concavities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>concavitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>concavit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Concave</u>.] <def>A concave
surface, or the space bounded by it; the state of being
concave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ca`vo-con"cave</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Concave or hollow on both sides; double concave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ca`vo-con"vex</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Concave on one side and convex on the
other, as an eggshell or a crescent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Optics)</i> <def>Specifically, having
such a combination of concave and convex sides as makes the focal
axis the shortest line between them. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Lens</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ca*"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concavus</i>.] <def>Concave.</def>  <i>Abp. potter.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con*ca"vous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con*ceal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Concealed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Concealing</u>.] [OF. <i>conceler</i>, L.
<i>concelare</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>celare</i>to hide; akin to AS.
<i>helan</i>, G. hehlen, E. <i>hele</i> (<i>to cover</i>),
<i>helmet</i>. See <u>Hell</u>, <u>Helmet</u>.] <def>To hide or
withdraw from observation; to cover; to cover or keep from sight;
to prevent the discovery of; to withhold knowledge of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the glory of God to <i>conceal</i> a
thing.<BR>
<i>Prov. xxv. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Declare ye among the nations, . . . publish and
<i>conceal</i> not.<BR>
<i>Jer. l. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He which finds him shall deserve our thanks, . . .
<BR>
He that <i>conceals</i> him, death.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hide; secrete; screen; cover; disguise;
dissemble; mask; veil; cloak; screen.  -- <u>To Conceal</u>,
<u>Hide</u>, <u>Disguise</u>, <u>Dissemble</u>, <u>Secrete</u>.
To <i>hide</i> is the generic term, which embraces all the rest.
To <i>conceal</i> is simply not make known what we wish to keep
secret. In the Bible <i>hide</i> often has the specific meaning
of <i>conceal</i>. See <i>1 Sam. iii. 17, 18.</i> To
<i>disguise</i> or <i>dissemble</i> is to conceal by assuming
some false appearance. To <i>secrete</i> is to hide in some place
of secrecy. A man may <i>conceal</i> facts, <i>disguise</i> his
sentiments, <i>dissemble</i> his feelings, <i>secrete</i> stolen
goods.</p>

<p><blockquote>Bur double griefs afflict <i>concealing</i>
hearts.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Both <i>dissemble</i> deeply their affections.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We have in these words a primary sense, which
reveals a future state, and a secondary sense, which <i>hides</i>
and <i>secretes</i> it.<BR>
<i>Warburton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ceal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being concealed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cealed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hidden;
kept from sight; secreted.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con*ceal"ed*ly</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Con*ceal"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Concealed weapons</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>dangerous weapons so carried on the person as to be knowingly
or willfully concealed from sight, -- a practice forbidden by
statute.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*ceal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
conceals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ceal"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>concelement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
concealing; the state of being concealed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But let <i>concealment</i>, like a worm i' the
bud,<BR>
Feed on her damask cheek.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Some dear cause<BR>
Will in <i>concealment</i> wrap me up awhile.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of hiding; a secret place; a
retreat frem observation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cleft tree<BR>
Offers its kind <i>concealment</i> to a few.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A secret; out of the way
knowledge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Well read in strange <i>concealments</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Suppression of such facts
and circumstances as in justice ought to be made known.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conceded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Conceding</u>.] [L. <i>concedere</i>,
<i>concessum</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>cedere</i> to go along, give
way, yield: cf. F. <i>conc&eacute;der</i>. See <u>Cede</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To yield or suffer; to surrender; to
grant; as, to <i>concede</i> the point in question.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grant, as a right or privilege; to
make concession of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To admit to be true; to
acknowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>concede</i> that their citizens were those
who lived under different forms.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To grant; allow; admit; yield; surrender.</p>

<p><hw>Con*cede"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To yield or
make concession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I wished you to <i>concede</i> to America, at a
time when she prayed concession at our feet.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ceit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Through French,
fr. L. <i>conceptus</i> a conceiving, conception, fr.
<i>concipere</i> to conceive: cf. OF. p. p. nom. <i>conciez</i>
conceived. See <u>Conceive</u>, and cf. <u>Concept</u>,
<u>Deceit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is conceived,
imagined, or formed in the mind; idea; thought; image;
conception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In laughing, there ever procedeth a <i>conceit</i>
of somewhat ridiculous.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A man wise in his own <i>conceit</i>.<BR>
<i>Prov. xxvi. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Faculty of conceiving ideas; mental
faculty; apprehension; as, a man of quick <i>conceit</i>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How often, alas! did her eyes say unto me that
they loved! and yet I, not looking for such a matter, had not my
<i>conceit</i> open to understand them.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Quickness of apprehension; active
imagination; lively fancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His wit's as thick as Tewksbury mustard; there's
more <i>conceit</i> in him than is in a mallet.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A fanciful, odd, or extravagant
notion; a quant fancy; an unnatural or affected conception; a
witty thought or turn of expression; a fanciful device; a whim; a
quip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On his way to the gibbet, a freak took him in the
head to go off with a <i>conceit</i>.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Some to <i>conceit</i> alone their works
confine,<BR>
And glittering thoughts struck out at every line.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Tasso is full of <i>conceits</i> . . . which are
not only below the dignity of heroic verse but contrary to its
nature.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An overweening idea of one's self;
vanity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plumed with <i>conceit</i> he calls aloud.<BR>
<i>Cotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Design; pattern.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In conceit with</b></col>, <cd>in accord with;
agreeing or conforming.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of conceit
with</b></col>, <cd>not having a favorable opinion of; not
pleased with; as, a man is <i>out of conceit with</i> his
dress.</cd> -- <col><b>To put [one] out of conceit
with</b></col>, <cd>to make one indifferent to a thing, or in a
degree displeased with it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*ceit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
conceive; to imagine.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The strong, by <i>conceiting</i> themselves weak,
are therebly rendered as inactive . . . as if they really were
so.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>One of two bad ways you must <i>conceit</i>
me,<BR>
Either a coward or a flatterer.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ceit"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form an
idea; to think.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those whose . . . vulgar apprehensions
<i>conceit</i> but low of matrimonial purposes.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ceit"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Endowed with fancy or imagination.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was . . . pleasantly <i>conceited</i>, and
sharp of wit.<BR>
<i>Knolles.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Entertaining a flattering opinion of
one's self; vain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you think me too <i>conceited</i><BR>
Or to passion quickly heated.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conceited</i> of their own wit, science, and
politeness.<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Curiously contrived or designed;
fanciful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>conceited</i> chair to sleep in.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Vain; proud; opinionated; egotistical.</p>

<p><hw>Con*ceit"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an egotistical manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fancifully; whimsically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ceit"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being conceited; conceit; vanity.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ceit"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without wit;
stupid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Think'st thou I am so shallow, so
<i>conceitless</i>.<BR>
To be seduced by thy flattery?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ceiv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>concevable</i>.] <def>Capable of being conceived, imagined, or
understood.</def> "Any <i>conceivable</i> weight."  <i>Bp.
Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not <i>conceivable</i> that it should be
indeed that very person whose shape and voice it assumed.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con*ceiv"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Con*ceiv"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con*ceive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conceived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Conceiving</u>.] [OF. <i>conzoivre</i>,
<i>concever</i>, <i>conceveir</i>, F. <i>concevoir</i>, fr. L.
<i>oncipere</i> to take, to conceive; <i>con-</i> + <i>capere</i>
to seize or take. See <u>Capable</u>, and cf. <u>Conception</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To receive into the womb and begin to
breed; to begin the formation of the embryo of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She hath also <i>conceived</i> a son in her old
age.<BR>
<i>Luke i. 36.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form in the mind; to plan; to
devise; to generate; to originate; as, to <i>conceive</i> a
purpose, plan, hope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was among the ruins of the Capitol that I first
<i>conceived</i> the idea of a work which has amused and
exercised near twenty years of my life.<BR>
<i>Gibbon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conceiving</i> and uttering from the heart
words of falsehood.<BR>
<i>Is. lix. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To apprehend by reason or imagination;
to take into the mind; to know; to imagine; to comprehend; to
understand.</def> "I <i>conceive</i> you."  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O horror, horror, horror! Tongue nor heart<BR>
Cannot <i>conceive</i> nor name thee!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>You will hardly <i>conceive</i> him to have been
bred in the same climate.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To apprehend; imagine; suppose; understand;
comprehend; believe; think.</p>

<p><hw>Con*ceive"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have an embryo or fetus formed in the
womb; to breed; to become pregnant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A virgin shall <i>conceive</i>, and bear a
son.<BR>
<i>Isa. vii. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a conception, idea, or
opinion; think; -- with <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conceive</i> of things clearly and distinctly
in their own natures.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ceiv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
conceives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cel"e*brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concelebratus</i>, p. p. of <i>concelebrare</i> to
concelebrate.] <def>To celebrate together.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concentus</i>, fr. <i>concinere</i> to sing together; <i>con-
</i> + <i>canere</i> to sing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Concert of
voices; concord of sounds; harmony; as, a <i>concent</i> of
notes.</def> [Archaic.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That undisturbed song of pure <i>concent</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consistency; accordance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>concent</i> to his own principles.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con*cen"ter</hw>, <hw>Con*cen"tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Concentered</u> or <u>Concentred</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Concentering</u> (?) or <u>Concentring</u>
(&?;).] [F. <i>concentrer</i>, fr. L. <i>con-</i> +
<i>centrum</i> center. See <u>Center</u>, and cf.
<u>Concentrate</u>] <def>To come to one point; to meet in, or
converge toward, a common center; to have a common
center.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God, in whom all perfections <i>concenter</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Beveridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con*cen"ter</hw>, <hw>Con*cen"tre</hw>  }, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To draw or direct to a common center; to bring
together at a focus or point, as two or more lines; to
concentrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In thee <i>concentering</i> all their precious
beams.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>All is <i>concentered</i> in a life intense.<BR>
<i>Byren.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cen"trate</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Concentrated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Concentrating</u>.] [Pref. <i>con-</i>
+ L. <i>centrum</i> center. Cf. <u>Concenter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring to, or direct toward, a common
center; to unite more closely; to gather into one body, mass, or
force; to fix; as, to <i>concentrate</i> rays of light into a
focus; to <i>concentrate</i> the attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>(He) <i>concentrated</i> whole force at his own
camp.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To increase the strength and diminish
the bulk of, as of a liquid or an ore; to intensify, by getting
rid of useless material; to condense; as, to <i>concentrate</i>
acid by evaporation; to <i>concentrate</i> by washing; -- opposed
to <i>dilute</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spirit of vinegar <i>concentrated</i> and reduced
to its greatest strength.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To combine; to condense; to consolidate.</p>

<p><hw>Con*cen"trate</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To approach or meet in a common center; to consolidate; as,
population tends to <i>concentrate</i> in cities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`cen*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>concentration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process
of concentrating; the process of becoming concentrated, or the
state of being concentrated; concentration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Concentration</i> of the lunar beams.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Intense <i>concetration</i> of thought.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of reducing the
volume of a liquid, as by evaporation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The acid acquires a higher degree of
<i>concentration</i>.<BR>
<i>Knight.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The act or process of
removing the dress of ore and of reducing the valuable part to
smaller compass, as by currents of air or water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cen"tra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Serving or tending to concentrate; characterized by
concentration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A discrimination is only possible by a
<i>concentrative</i> act, or act of attention.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cen"tra*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of concentrating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>The faculty or
propensity which has to do with concentrating the intellectual
the intellectual powers.</def>  <i>Combe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"cen*tra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>An apparatus for the separation of dry
comminuted ore, by exposing it to intermittent puffs of
air.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con*cen"tric</hw> (?), <hw>Con*cen"tric*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>concentrique</i>. See
<u>Concenter</u>.] <def>Having a common center, as circles of
different size, one within another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Concentric</i> circles upon the surface of the
water.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Concentrical</i> rings like those of an
onion.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cen"tric</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
has a common center with something else.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Its pecular relations to its
<i>concentrics</i>.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cen"tric*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
concentric manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`cen*tric"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being concentric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cen"tu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>From</i>
<u>Concent</u>.] <def>Possessing harmony; accordant.</def> [R.]
<i>Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"cept</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conceptus</i> (cf. neut. <i>conceptum</i> fetus), p. p. of
<i>concipere</i> to conceive: cf. F. <i>concept</i>. See
<u>Conceit</u>.] <def>An abstract general conception; a notion; a
universal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The words <i>conception</i>, <i>concept</i>,
<i>notion</i>, should be limited to the thought of what can not
be represented in the imagination; as, the thought suggested by a
general term.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cep"ta*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conceptaculum</i>, fr. <i>concipere</i> to receive. See
<u>Conceive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That in which anything
is contained; a vessel; a receiver or receptacle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
pericarp, opening longitudinally on one side and having the seeds
loose in it; a follicle; a double follicle or pair of
follicles.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the cases
containing the spores, etc., of flowerless plants, especially of
algae.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cep`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being conceivable; conceivableness.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cep"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Conceive</u>.] <def>Capable of being conceived;
conceivable.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>conception</i>, L. <i>conceptio</i>, fr. <i>concipere</i> to
conceive. See <u>Conceive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of conceiving in the womb; the initiation of an embryonic animal
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will greaty multiply thy sorrow and thy
<i>conception</i>.<BR>
<i>Gen. iii. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being conceived;
beginning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Joy had the like <i>conception</i> in our
eyes.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The power or faculty of apprehending
of forming an idea in the mind; the power of recalling a past
sensation or perception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under the article of <i>conception</i>, I shall
confine myself to that faculty whose province it is to enable us
to form a notion of our past sensations, or of the objects of
sense that we have formerly perceived.<BR>
<i>Stewart.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The formation in the mind of an image,
idea, or notion, apprehension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conception</i> consists in a conscious act of
the understanding, bringing any given object or impression into
the same class with any number of other objects or impression, by
means of some character or characters common to them all.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The image, idea, or notion of any
action or thing which is formed in the mind; a concept; a notion;
a universal; the product of a rational belief or judgment. See
<u>Concept</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Herodotus] says that the sun draws or attracts
the water; a metaphorical term obviously intended to denote some
more general and abstract <i>conception</i> than that of the
visible operation which the word primarily signifies.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Idea; purpose; design.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Note this dangerous <i>conception</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Conceit; affected sentiment or
thought.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . is full of <i>conceptions</i>, points of
epigram, and witticism.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Idea; notion; perception; apprehemsion;
comprehension.</p>

<p><! p. 295 !></p>

<p><hw>Con*cep"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to conception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cep"tion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
conceptualist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cep"tious</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to
conceive; fruitful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cep"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>conceptif</i>, L. <i>conceptivus</i>.] <def>Capable of
conceiving.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cep"tu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to conception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cep"tu*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>A theory, intermediate between realism and
nominalism, that the mind has the power of forming for itself
general conceptions of individual or single objects.</def>
<i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cep"tu*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>One who maintains the theory of
conceptualism.</def>  <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cern"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Concerned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Concerning</u>.] [F. <i>concerner</i>, LL.
<i>concernere</i> to regard, concern, fr. L. <i>concernere</i> to
mix or mingle together, as in a sieve for separating; <i>con-</i>
+ <i>cernere</i> to separate, sift, distinguish by the senses,
and especially by the eyes, to perceive, see. See
<u>Certain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To relate or belong to;
to have reference to or connection with; to affect the interest
of; to be of importance to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Preaching the kingdom of God, and teaching those
things which <i>concern</i> the Lord Jesus Christ.<BR>
<i>Acts xxviii. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Our wars with France have affected us in our most
tender interests, and <i>concerned</i> us more than those with
any other nation.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It much <i>concerns</i> a preacher first to
learn<BR>
The genius of his audience and their turn.<BR>
<i>Dodsley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Ignorant, so far as the usual instruction is
<i>concerned</i>.<BR>
<i>J. F. Cooper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To engage by feeling or sentiment; to
interest; as, a good prince <i>concerns</i> himself in the
happiness of his subjects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They think themselves out the reach of Providence,
and no longer <i>concerned</i> to solicit his favor.<BR>
<i>Rogers.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cern"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be of
importance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which to deny <i>concerns</i> more than
avails.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cern"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which relates or belongs to one; business;
affair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The private <i>concerns</i> of fanilies.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which affects the welfare or
happiness; interest; moment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mysterious secrets of a high <i>concern</i>.<BR>
<i>Roscommon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Interest in, or care for, any person
or thing; regard; solicitude; anxiety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Marcia, let me hope thy kind <i>concerns</i><BR>
And gentle wishes follow me to battle.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Persons connected in
business; a firm and its business; as, a banking
<i>concern</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The whole concern</b></col>, <cd>all connected with a
particular affair or business.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Care; anxiety; solicitude; interest; regard;
business; affair; matter; moment. See <u>Care</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*cerned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Concern</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 2.] <def>Disturbed;
troubled; solicitous; as, to be much <i>concerned</i> for the
safety of a friend.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cern"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
concerned manner; solicitously; sympathetically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cern"ing</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to; regarding; having relation to; respecting; as
regards.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have accepted thee <i>concerning</i> this
thing.<BR>
<i>Gen. xix. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord hath spoken good <i>concerning</i>
Israel.<BR>
<i>Num. x. 29.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cern"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Important.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>So great and so <i>concerning</i> truth.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cern"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That in which one is concerned or
interested; concern; affair; interest.</def> "Our everlasting
<i>concernments</i>."  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To mix with thy <i>concernments</i> I desist.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Importance; moment;
consequence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let every action of <i>concernment</i> to begun
with prayer.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Concern; participation;
interposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He married a daughter to the earl without any
other approbation of her father or <i>concernment</i> in it, than
suffering him and her come into his presence.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Emotion of mind; solicitude;
anxiety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While they are so eager to destroy the fame of
others, their ambition is manifest in their
<i>concernment</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Concerted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Concerting</u>.] [F. <i>concerter</i>, It.
<i>concertare</i>, <i>conertare</i>, prob. from L.
<i>consertus</i>, p. p. of <i>conserere</i> to join together;
<i>con-</i> + <i>serere</i> to join together, influenced by
<i>concertare</i> to contend; <i>con-</i> + <i>centare</i> to
strive; properly, to try to decide; fr. <i>cernere</i> to
distinguish. See <u>Series</u>, and cf. <u>Concern</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To plan together; to settle or adjust by
conference, agreement, or consultation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was <i>concerted</i> to begin the siege in
March.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To plan; to devise; to
arrange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A commander had more trouble to <i>concert</i> his
defense before the people than to plan . . . the campaign.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cert"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act in
harmony or conjunction; to form combined plans.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ministers of Denmark were appointed to
<i>concert</i> with Talbot.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"cert</hw> (k&obreve;n"s&etilde;rt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>concert</i>, It. <i>concerto</i>,
<i>conserto</i>, fr. <i>concertare</i>. See <u>Concert</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Agreement in a
design or plan; union formed by mutual communication of opinions
and views; accordance in a scheme; harmony; simultaneous
action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All these discontents, how ruinous soever, have
arisen from the want of a due communication and
<i>concert</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Musical accordance or harmony;
concord.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us in <i>concert</i> to the season sing.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A musical entertainment in which
several voices or instruments take part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Visit by night your lady's chamber window<BR>
With some sweet <i>concert</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And boding screech owls make the <i>concert</i>
full.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Concert pitch</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Pitch</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con`cer*tan"te</hw> (?; It. ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.,
orig p. pr. of <i>concertare</i> to form or perform a concert.
See <u>Concert</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A concert for two or more
principal instruments, with orchestral accompaniment. Also
adjectively; as, <i>concertante</i> parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`cer*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concertatio</i>.] <def>Strife; contention.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cer"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concertativus</i>.] <def>Contentious; quarrelsome.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cert"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mutually
contrived or planned; agreed on; as, <i>concerted</i> schemes,
signals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Concerted piece</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a
composition in parts for several voices or instrument, as a trio,
a quartet, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con`cer*ti"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From It.
<i>concerto</i> a concert.] <def>A small musical instrument on
the principle of the accordion. It is a small elastic box, or
bellows, having free reeds on the inside, and keys and handles on
the outside of each of the two hexagonal heads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`cer*ti"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Concertina</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A piece for one or more
solo instruments with orchestra; -- more concise than the
<i>concerto</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cer"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
concerting; adjustment.</def> [R.]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Con*cert`meis"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The head violinist or leader of the strings in
an orchestra; the sub-leader of the orchestra; concert
master.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cer"to</hw> (?; It. ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Concertos</b></plw> (#). [It. See
<u>Concert</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
composition (usually in symphonic form with three movements) in
which one instrument (or two or three) stands out in bold relief
against the orchestra, or accompaniment, so as to display its
qualities or the performer's skill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ces"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concessio</i>, fr. <i>concedere</i>: cf. F. <i>concession</i>.
See <u>Concede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of conceding
or yielding; usually implying a demand, claim, or request, and
thus distinguished from <i>giving</i>, which is voluntary or
spontaneous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By mutual <i>concession</i> the business was
adjusted.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thing yielded; an acknowledgment or
admission; a boon; a grant; esp. a grant by government of a
privilege or right to do something; as, a <i>concession</i> to
build a canal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is therefore a <i>concession</i>, that he
doth . . . believe the Scriptures to be sufficiently plain.<BR>
<i>Sharp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>When a lover becomes satisfied by small
compliances without further pursuits, then expect to find popular
assemblies content with small <i>concessions</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ces"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
favors concession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ces"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concessivus</i>.] <def>Implying concession; as, a
<i>concessive</i> conjunction.</def>  <i>Lowth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ces"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way
of concession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ces"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Conceding; permissive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cet"tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use
of <i>concetti</i> or affected conceits.</def> [R.]  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Con*cet"to</hw> (?; It. ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Concetti</b></plw> (#). [It., fr. L.
<i>conceptus</i>. See <u>Conceit</u>.] <def>Affected wit; a
conceit.</def>  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Conch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>concha</i>,
Gr. &?;. See <u>Coach</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name applied to
various marine univalve shells; esp. to those of the genus
<i>Strombus</i>, which are of large size. <i>S. gigas</i> is the
large pink West Indian conch. The large king, queen, and cameo
conchs are of the genus <i>Cassis</i>. See
<u>Cameo</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>conch</i> is sometimes used as a horn or
trumpet, as in fogs at sea, or to call laborers from work.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In works of art, the shell used by
Tritons as a trumpet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the white natives of the Bahama
Islands or one of their descendants in the Florida Keys; -- so
called from the commonness of the conch there, or because they
use it for food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Concha</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The external ear. See <u>Concha</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. (in sense
1), fr. &?; <i>concha</i>. See <u>Conch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The plain semidome of an apse; sometimes used
for the entire apse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The external ear; esp.
the largest and deepest concavity of the external ear,
surrounding the entrance to the auditory canal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the concha, or external ear; as, the
<i>conchal</i> cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"chi*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>conchof&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Conchifera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con*chif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>concha</i> + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>That class of Mollusca which includes the bivalve shells;
the Lamellibranchiata. See <u>Mollusca</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*chif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Producing or having shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"chi*form</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Conch</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like one half of a bivalve shell;
shell-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"chi*nine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed
by transposition fr. <i>cinchonine</i>.] <def>See
<u>Quinidine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"chite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>conchite</i>. See <u>Conch</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A
fossil or petrified conch or shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*chit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed
of shells; containing many shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"choid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
shell + &?; form: cf. F. <i>concho&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>A curve, of the fourth degree, first made use of by the
Greek geometer, Nicomedes, who invented it for the purpose of
trisecting an angle and duplicating the cube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*choid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>concho&iuml;dal</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Having elevations or
depressions in form like one half of a bivalve shell; -- applied
principally to a surface produced by fracture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`cho*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or connected with,
conchology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*chol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One who studies, or is versed in,
conchology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*chol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Conch</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The science of
Mollusca, and of the shells which they form;
malacology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*chom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Conch</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
instrument for measuring shells, or the angle of their
spire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*chom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The art of measuring shells or their
curves; conchyliometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`cho-spi"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind
of spiral curve found in certain univalve shells.</def>
<i>Agassiz.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con`chy*la"ceous</hw> (?), <hw>Con*chyl`i*a"ceous</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>conchylium</i> shell, Gr. &?;,
dim. of &?;, equiv. to &?;. See <u>Conch</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to shells; resembling a shell; as,
<i>conchyliaceous</i> impressions.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con*chyl`i*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Con*chyl`i*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Conchologist</u>, and <u>Conchology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*chyl`i*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?; + <i>-metry</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Conchometry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*chyl"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Conchylaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"ci*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>conciatore</i>, fr. <i>conciare</i> to adjust, dress, fr. L.
<i>comtus</i>, p. p. See <u>Compt</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Glass Works)</i> <def>The person who weighs and proportions
the materials to be made into glass, and who works and tempers
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con`cierge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>One
who keeps the entrance to an edifice, public or private; a
doorkeeper; a janitor, male or female.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cil"i*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conciliabulum</i>, fr. <i>concitium</i> assembly: cf. F.
<i>conciliabule</i>. See <u>Council</u>.] <def>A small or private
assembly, especially of an ecclesiastical nature.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cil"i*a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>conciliable</i>.] <def>Capable of being conciliated or
reconciled.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cil"i*a*bule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Conciliable</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>An obscure
ecclesiastical council; a conciliable.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con*cil"i*ar</hw> (?), <hw>Con*cil"i*a*ry</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>conciliare</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to, or issued by, a council.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cil"i*ate</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conciliated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Conciliating</u>.] [L. <i>conciliatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>conciliare</i> to draw or bring together, unite, from
<i>concilium</i> council. See <u>Council</u>.] <def>To win ower;
to gain from a state of hostility; to gain the good will or favor
of; to make friendly; to mollify; to propitiate; to
appease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rapacity of his father's administration had
excited such universal discontent, that it was found expedient to
<i>conciliate</i> the nation.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reconcile; propitiate; appease; pacify.</p>

<p><hw>Con*cil`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conciliatio</i>.] <def>The act or process of conciliating; the
state of being conciliated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The house has gone further; it has declared
<i>conciliation</i> admissible previous to any submission on the
part of America.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cil"i*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Conciliatory.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cil"i*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>One who conciliates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cil"i*a*to*ry</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tending to conciliate; pacific; mollifying;
propitiating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The only alternative, therefore, was to have
recourse to the <i>conciliatory</i> policy.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cin"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concinnatus</i>, p. p. of <i>concinnare</i> to concinnate. See
<u>Concinnity</u>.] <def>To place fitly together; to adapt; to
clear.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cin"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concinnitas</i>, fr. <i>concinnus</i> skillfully put together,
beautiful. Of uncertain origin.] <def>Internal harmony or
fitness; mutual adaptation of parts; elegance; -- used chiefly of
style of discourse.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An exact <i>concinnity</i> and eveness of
fancy.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cin"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concinnus</i>.] <def>Characterized by concinnity; neat;
elegant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The most <i>concinnous</i> and most rotund of
proffessors, M. Heyne.<BR>
<i>De Quiency.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"cio*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concionatus</i>, p. p. of <i>concionari</i> to adress.]
<def>To preach.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lithgow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"cio*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An haranguer of the people; a
preacher.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>A common
councilman.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"cio*na`to*ry</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to preaching or public addresses.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concisus</i> cut off, short, p. p. of <i>concidere</i> to cut
to pieces; <i>con-</i> + <i>caedere</i> to cut; perh. akin to
<i>scindere</i> to cleave, and to E. <i>shed</i>, v. t.; cf. F.
<i>concis</i>.] <def>Expressing much in a few words; condensed;
brief and compacted; -- used of style in writing or
speaking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>concise</i> style, which expresseth not
enough, but leaves somewhat to be understood.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the author is . . . too brief and
<i>concise</i>, amplify a little.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Laconic; terse; brief; short; compendious;
summary; succinct. See <u>Laconic</u>, and <u>Terse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*cise"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a concise
manner; briefly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cise"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being concise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ci"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concisio</i>: cf. F. <i>concision</i>. See <u>Concise</u>.]
<def>A cutting off; a division; a schism; a faction.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`ci*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concitatio</i>. See <u>Concite</u>.] <def>The act of stirring
up, exciting, or agitating.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>concitation</i>
of humors."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concitare</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>citare</i>. See Cite.] <def>To
excite or stir up.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><! p. 296 !></p>

<p><hw>Con`cla*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conclamatio</i>.] <def>An outcry or shout of many
together.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Before his funeral <i>conclamation</i>.<BR>
<i>May (Lucan).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"clave</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. L. <i>conclave</i> a room that may locked up; <i>con-</i> +
<i>clavis</i> key. See <u>Clavicle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The set of apartments within which the cardinals of the
Roman Catholic Church are continuously secluded while engaged in
choosing a pope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The body of cardinals shut up in the
conclave for the election of a pope; hence, the body of
cardinals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was said a cardinal, by reason of his apparent
likelihood to step into St. Peter's chair, that in two
<i>conclaves</i> he went in pope and came out again cardinal.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A private meeting; a close or secret
assembly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The verdicts pronounced by this <i>conclave</i>
(Johnson's Club) on new books, were speedily known over all
London.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To be in conclave</b></col>, <cd>to be engaged in a
secret meeting; -- said of several, or a considerable number of,
persons.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"cla`vist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>conclaviste</i>, It. <i>conclavista</i>.] <def>One of the two
ecclesiastics allowed to attend a cardinal in the
conclave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*clude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Concluded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Concluding</u>.] [L. <i>concludere</i>,
<i>conclusum</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>claudere</i> to shut. See
<u>Close</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
shut up; to inclose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The very person of Christ [was] <i>concluded</i>
within the grave.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To include; to comprehend; to shut up
together; to embrace.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For God hath <i>concluded</i> all in unbelief.<BR>
<i>Rom. xi. 32.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The Scripture hath <i>concluded</i> all under
sin.<BR>
<i>Gal. iii. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reach as an end of reasoning; to
infer, as from premises; to close, as an argument, by inferring;
-- sometimes followed by a dependent clause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man can <i>conclude</i> God's love or hatred to
any person by anything that befalls him.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore we <i>conclude</i> that a man is
justified by faith.<BR>
<i>Rom. iii. 28.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make a final determination or
judgment concerning; to judge; to decide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But no frail man, however great or high,<BR>
Can be <i>concluded</i> blest before he die.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it <i>concluded</i> he shall be protector?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bring to an end; to close; to
finish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>conclude</i> this part with the speech
of a counselor of state.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To bring about as a result; to effect;
to make; as, to <i>conclude</i> a bargain.</def> "If we
<i>conclude</i> a peace."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To shut off; to restrain; to limit; to
estop; to bar; -- generally in the passive; as, the defendant is
<i>concluded</i> by his own plea; a judgment <i>concludes</i> the
introduction of further evidence argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If therefore they will appeal to revelation for
their creation they must be <i>concluded</i> by it.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To infer; decide; determine; settle; close;
finish; terminate; end.</p>

<p><hw>Con*clude"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come to a termination; to make an end;
to close; to end; to terminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A train of lies,<BR>
That, made in lust, <i>conclude</i> in perjuries.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And, to <i>conclude</i>,<BR>
The victory fell on us.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form a final judgment; to reach a
decision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can we <i>conclude</i> upon Luther's
instability?<BR>
<i>Bp. Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conclude</i> and be agreed.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*clud"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Deduction from premises; inference; conclusion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*clud"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concludens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Bringing to a close; decisive;
conclusive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Arguments highly consequential and
<i>concludent</i> to my purpose.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*clud"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
concludes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*clud"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Conclusively.</def> [R.]  <i>Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*clu"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Demonstrable; determinable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*clu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>conclusio</i>. See <u>Conclude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The last part of anything; close; termination;
end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fluorish of trumpets announced the
<i>conclusion</i> of the contest.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Final decision; determination;
result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the <i>conclusion</i> is, she shall be
thine.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any inference or result of
reasoning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The inferred
proposition of a syllogism; the necessary consequence of the
conditions asserted in two related propositions called premises.
See <u>Syllogism</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He granted him both the major and minor, but
denied him the <i>conclusion</i>.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Drawing of inferences.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Your wife Octavia, with her modest eyes<BR>
And still <i>conclusion</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An experiment, or something from which
a conclusion may be drawn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We practice likewise all <i>conclusions</i> of
grafting and inoculating.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
end or close of a pleading, <i>e.g.</i>, the formal ending of an
indictment, "against the peace," etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An estoppel or bar by which a person is held to a particular
position.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Conclusion to the country</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>the conclusion of a pleading by which a party "puts himself
upon the country," <i>i.e.</i>, appeals to the verdict of a
jury.</cd> <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i> -- <col><b>In conclusion</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Finally.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In
short.</cd> -- <col><b>To try conclusions</b></col>, <cd>to make
a trial or an experiment.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the famous ape,<BR>
<i>To try conclusions</i>, in the basket creep.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inference; deduction; result; consequence; end;
decision. See <u>Inference</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*clu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>conclusif</i>.] <def>Belonging to a close or termination;
decisive; convincing; putting an end to debate or question;
leading to, or involving, a conclusion or decision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Secret reasons . . . equally <i>conclusive</i> for
us as they were for them.<BR>
<i>Rogers.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Conclusive evidence</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that
of which, from its nature, the law allows no contradiction or
explanation.</cd> -- <col><b>Conclusive presumption</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an inference which the law makes so
peremptorily that it will not allow it to be overthrown by any
contrary proof, however strong.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Final; ultimate; unanswerable. See
<u>Final</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*clu"sive*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
the way of conclusion; decisively; positively.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*clu"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being conclusive; decisiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*clu"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Conclusive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*coct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Concocted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Concocting</u>.] [L. <i>concoctus</i>, p. p. of
<i>concoquere</i> to cook together, to digest, mature; <i>con-
</i> + <i>coquere</i> to cook. See <u>Cook</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To digest; to convert into nourishment by
the organs of nutrition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Food is <i>concocted</i>, the heart beats, the
blood circulates.<BR>
<i>Cheyne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To purify or refine chemically.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To prepare from crude materials, as
food; to invent or prepare by combining different ingredients;
as, to <i>concoct</i> a new dish or beverage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To digest in the mind; to devise; to
make up; to contrive; to plan; to plot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a man of a feeble stomach, unable to
<i>concoct</i> any great fortune.<BR>
<i>Hayward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To mature or perfect; to ripen.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*coct"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
concocts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*coc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concoctio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A change in food
produced by the organs of nutrition; digestion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of concocting or preparing by
combining different ingredients; also, the food or compound thus
prepared.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of digesting in the mind;
planning or devising; rumination.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Abatement of a morbid
process, as a fever and return to a normal condition.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of perfecting or
maturing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*coct"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the power of digesting or ripening; digestive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hence the <i>concoctive</i> powers, with various
art,<BR>
Subdue the cruder aliments to chyle.<BR>
<i>J. Armstrong.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"col`or</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concolor</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>color</i> color.] <def>Of the
same color; of uniform color.</def> [R.] "<i>Concolor</i>
animals."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"col`or*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of the same color throughout.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con*com"i*tance</hw> (?), <hw>Con*com"i*tan*cy</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>concomitance</i>, fr. LL.
<i>concomitantia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of
accompanying; accompaniment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The secondary action subsisteth not alone, but in
<i>concomitancy</i> with the other.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>The doctrine of the
existence of the entire body of Christ in the eucharist, under
each element, so that the body and blood are both received by
communicating in one kind only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*com"i*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>con-</i> + <i>comitari</i> to accompany, <i>comes</i>
companion. See <u>Count</u> a nobleman.] <def>Accompanying;
conjoined; attending.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It has pleased our wise Creator to annex to
several objects, as also to several of our thoughts, a
<i>concomitant</i> pleasure.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*com"i*tant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, accompanies, or is collaterally connected with
another; a companion; an associate; an accompaniment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reproach is a <i>concomitant</i> to greatness.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The other <i>concomitant</i> of ingratitude is
hardheartedness.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*com"i*tant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
company with others; unitedly; concurrently.</def>  <i>Bp.
pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"cord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>concorde</i>, L. <i>concordia</i>, fr. <i>concors</i> of the
same mind, agreeing; <i>con-</i> + <i>cor</i>, <i>cordis</i>,
heart. See <u>Heart</u>, and cf. <u>Accord</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state of agreement; harmony;
union.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love quarrels oft in pleasing <i>concord</i>
end.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Agreement by stipulation; compact;
covenant; treaty or league.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>concord</i> made between Henry and
Roderick.<BR>
<i>Davies.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Agreement of words with
one another, in gender, number, person, or case.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>An agreement between
the parties to a fine of land in reference to the manner in which
it should pass, being an acknowledgment that the land in question
belonged to the complainant. See <u>Fine</u>.</def>
<i>Burril.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Prob. influenced by <i>chord</i>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An agreeable combination of tones
simultaneously heard; a consonant chord; consonance;
harmony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"cord</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A variety of
American grape, with large dark blue (almost black) grapes in
compact clusters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cord"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>concorder</i>, L. <i>concordare</i>.] <def>To agree; to act
together.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cord"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concordabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of according; agreeing;
harmonious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cord"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>concordantia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Agreement;
accordance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Contrasts, and yet <i>concordances</i>.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Concord;
agreement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Aschlam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An alphabetical verbal index showing
the places in the text of a book where each principal word may be
found, with its immediate context in each place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His knowledge of the Bible was such, that he might
have been called a living <i>concordance</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A topical index or orderly analysis of
the contents of a book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cord"an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Agreement.</def>  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cord"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concordans</i>, p. pr. of <i>concordare</i>: cf. F.
<i>concordant</i>. See <u>Concord</u>.] <def>Agreeing;
correspondent; harmonious; consonant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Were every one employed in points
<i>concordant</i> to their natures, professions, and arts,
commonwealths would rise up of themselves.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cord"ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
concordant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cor"dat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>concordat</i>, L. <i>concordato</i>, prop. p. p. of
<i>concordare</i>. See <u>Concord</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
compact, covenant, or agreement concerning anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An agreement made between the pope and
a sovereign or government for the regulation of ecclesiastical
matters with which both are concerned; as, the <i>concordat</i>
between Pope Pius VII and Bonaparte in 1801.</def>
<i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cord"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
compiler of a concordance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cor"po*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concorporatus</i>, p. p. of <i>concorporare</i>.] <def>To
unite in one mass or body; to incorporate.</def> [Archaic.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cor"po*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>United
in one body; incorporated.</def> [Archaic]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cor`po*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concorporatio</i>.] <def>Union of things in one mass or
body.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"course</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>concours</i>, L. <i>concursus</i>, fr. <i>concurrere</i> to
run together. See <u>Concur</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
moving, flowing, or running together; confluence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The good frame of the universe was not the product
of chance or fortuitous <i>concourse</i> of particles of
matter.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assembly; a gathering formed by a
voluntary or spontaneous moving and meeting in one
place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Amidst the <i>concourse</i> were to be seen the
noble ladies of Milan, in gay, fantastic cars, shining in silk
brocade.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The place or point of meeting or
junction of two bodies.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The drop will begin to move toward the
<i>concourse</i> of the glasses.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An open space where several roads or
paths meet; esp. an open space in a park where several roads
meet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Concurrence; co&ouml;peration.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The divine providence is wont to afford its
<i>concourse</i> to such proceeding.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`cre*ate"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To create at the same time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If God did <i>concreate</i> grace with Adam.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`cre*ma"tion</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concrematio</i>, fr. <i>concremare</i>. See <u>Cremate</u>.]
<def>The act of burning different things together.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"cre*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concrementum</i>, fr. <i>concrescere</i>. See
<u>Concrete</u>.] <def>A growing together; the collection or mass
formed by concretion, or natural union.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>concrement</i> of a pebble or flint.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cres"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concrescentia</i>.] <def>Coalescence of particles; growth;
increase by the addition of particles.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cres"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Capable of being changed from a liquid to a solid
state.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They formed a . . . fixed <i>concrescible</i>
oil.<BR>
<i>Fourcroy (Trans. ).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cres"cive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Growing
together, or into union; uniting.</def> [R.]  <i>Eclec.
Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"crete</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concretus</i>, p. p. of <i>concrescere</i> to grow together;
<i>con-</i> + <i>crescere</i> to grow; cf. F. <i>concret</i>. See
<u>Crescent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>United in growth;
hence, formed by coalition of separate particles into one mass;
united in a solid form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first <i>concrete</i> state, or consistent
surface, of the chaos must be of the same figure as the last
liquid state.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Standing for an object as it exists in nature, invested with
all its qualities, as distinguished from standing for an
attribute of an object; -- opposed to <i>abstract</i>.</def>
Hence: <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Applied to a specific object;
special; particular; -- opposed to <i>general</i>. See
<u>Abstract</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Concrete</i> is opposed to abstract. The names
of individuals are <i>concrete</i>, those of classes
abstract.<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Concrete</i> terms, while they express the
quality, do also express, or imply, or refer to, some subject to
which it belongs.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Concrete number</b></col>, <cd>a number associated
with, or applied to, a particular object, as <i>three</i> men,
<i>five</i> days, etc., as distinguished from an <i>abstract</i>
number, or one used without reference to a particular
object.</cd> -- <col><b>Concrete quantity</b></col>, <cd>a
physical object or a collection of such objects.</cd> <i>Davies &
Peck.</i> -- <col><b>Concrete science</b></col>, <cd>a physical
science, one having as its subject of knowledge concrete things
instead of abstract laws.</cd> -- <col><b>Concrete sound
<i>or</i> movement of the voice</b></col>, <cd>one which slides
continuously up or down, as distinguished from a <i>discrete</i>
movement, in which the voice leaps at once from one line of pitch
to another.</cd>  <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"crete</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A compound or mass formed by concretion, spontaneous union,
or coalescence of separate particles of matter in one
body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To divide all <i>concretes</i>, minerals and
others, into the same number of distinct substances.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mixture of gravel, pebbles, or
broken stone with cement or with tar, etc., used for sidewalks,
roadways, foundations, etc., and esp.  for submarine
structures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A term designating both
a quality and the subject in which it exists; a concrete
term.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>concretes</i> "father" and "son" have, or
might have, the abstracts "paternity" and "filiety".<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Sugar Making)</i> <def>Sugar boiled
down from cane juice to a solid mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*crete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Concreted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Concreting</u>.] <def>To unite or coalesce, as
separate particles, into a mass or solid body.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Applied to some substances, it is equivalent to
<i>indurate</i>; as, metallic matter <i>concretes</i> into a hard
body; applied to others, it is equivalent to <i>congeal</i>,
<i>thicken</i>, <i>inspissate</i>, <i>coagulate</i>, as in the
concretion of blood. "The blood of some who died of the plague
could not be made to <i>concrete</i>."  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*crete"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form into a mass, as by the cohesion
or coalescence of separate particles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are in our inferior world divers bodies that
are <i>concreted</i> out of others.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with, or form of, concrete,
as a pavement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*crete"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
concrete manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*crete"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being concrete.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cre"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concretio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The process of
concreting; the process of uniting or of becoming united, as
particles of matter into a mass; solidification.</def></p>

<p><! p. 297 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mass or nodule of solid matter
formed by growing together, by congelation, condensation,
coagulation, induration, etc.; a clot; a lump; a
calculus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Accidental ossifications or deposits of phosphates
of lime in certain organs . . . are called osseous
<i>concretions</i>.<BR>
<i>Dunglison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A rounded mass or
nodule produced by an aggregation of the material around a
center; as, the calcareous <i>concretions</i> common in beds of
clay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cre"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Concretionary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cre"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or formed by, concretion or aggregation;
producing or containing concretions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cre"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Promoting
concretion.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cre"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
concrete manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cre"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mass formed by concretion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*crew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Concrete</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Accrue</u>.]
<def>To grow together.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*crim`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
joint accusation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cu"bi*na*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
practice of concubinage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cu"bi*nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The cohabiting of a man and a woman who
are not legally married; the state of being a
concubine.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In some countries, <i>concubinage</i> is marriage of an
inferior kind, or performed with less solemnity than a true or
formal marriage; or marriage with a woman of inferior condition,
to whom the husband does not convey his rank or quality. Under
Roman law, it was the living of a man and woman in sexual
relations without marriage, but in conformity with local law.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A plea, in which it is
alleged that the woman suing for dower was not lawfully married
to the man in whose lands she seeks to be endowed, but that she
was his concubine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cu"bi*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concubinalis</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
concubinage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cu`bi*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Concubinary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The married and <i>concubinarian</i>, as well as
looser clergy.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cu"bi*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>concubinarius</i>.] <def>Relating to concubinage; living in
concubinage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cu"bi*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Concubinaries</b></plw> (#). <def>One who lives in
concubinage.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cu"bi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concubinatus</i>.] <def>Concubinage.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"cu*bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>concubina</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>cubare</i> to lie down,
<i>concumbere</i> to lie together, akin to E. <i>cubit</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman who cohabits with a man without
being his wife; a paramour.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Concubine</i> has been sometimes, but rarely, used
of a male paramour as well as of a female.  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wife of inferior condition; a lawful
wife, but not united to the man by the usual ceremonies, and of
inferior condition. Such were Hagar and Keturah, the concubines
of Abraham; and such concubines were allowed by the Roman laws.
Their children were not heirs of their father.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cul"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Concultated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Conculcating</u>.] [L.
<i>conculcatus</i>, p. p. of <i>conculcare</i> to conculcate fr.
<i>calx</i> heel.] <def>To tread or trample under foot.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Montagu</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con`cul*ca"tion</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*cu"pis*cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
L. <i>concupiscentia</i>.] <def>Sexual lust; morbid carnal
passion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Concupiscence</i> like a pestilence walketh in
darkness.<BR>
<i>Horne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cu"pis*cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concupiscens</i>, p. pr. of <i>concupiscere</i>, v. incho. of
<i>concupere</i> to long for; <i>con-</i> + <i>cupere</i>. See
<u>Covet</u>.] <def>Having sexual lust; libidinous; lustful;
lecherous; salacious.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cu`pis*cen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to concupiscence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cu`pis*cen"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Concupiscent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*cu`pis*ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>concupiscible</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exciting to, or
liable to be affected by, concupiscence; provoking lustful
desires.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exciting desire, good or
evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The schools reduce all the passions to these two
heads, the <i>concupiscible</i> and irascible appetite.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*cu"pis*ci*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being concupiscible.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"cu*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Concupiscence. [Used only in "Troilus and Cressida"]</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Concurred</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Concurring</u>.] [L. <i>concurrere</i> to run
together, agree; <i>con-</i> + <i>currere</i> to run. See
<u>Current</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To run together; to
meet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Anon they fierce encountering both
<i>concurred</i><BR>
With grisly looks and faces like their fates.<BR>
<i>J. Hughes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To meet in the same point; to combine
or conjoin; to contribute or help toward a common object or
effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When outward causes <i>concur</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Colier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unite or agree (in action or
opinion); to join; to act jointly; to agree; to coincide; to
correspond.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Burke <i>concurred</i> with Lord Chatham in
opinion.<BR>
<i>Fox.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Tories and Whigs had <i>concurred</i> in paying
honor to Walker.<BR>
<i>Makaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>concurs</i> directly with the letter.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To assent; to consent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To agree; unite; combine; conspire; coincide;
approve; acquiesce; assent.</p>

<p><hw>Con*cur"rence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
competition, equality of rights, fr. LL. <i>concurrentia</i>
competition.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of concurring; a
meeting or coming together; union; conjunction;
combination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have no other measure but our own ideas, with
the <i>concurence</i> of other probable reasons, to persuade
us.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A meeting of minds; agreement in
opinion; union in design or act; -- implying joint
approbation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tarquin the Proud was expelled by the universal
<i>concurrence</i> of nobles and people.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Agreement or consent, implying aid or
contribution of power or influence; co&ouml;peration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We collect the greatness of the work, and the
necessity of the divine <i>concurrence</i> to it.<BR>
<i>Rogers.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An instinct that works us to its own purposes
without our <i>concurrence</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A common right; coincidence of equal
powers; as, a <i>concurrence</i> of jurisdiction in two different
courts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cur"ren*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Concurrence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cur"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>concurrent</i>, L. <i>concurrens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>concurrere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Acting in
conjunction; agreeing in the same act or opinion; contributing to
the same event or effect; co&ouml;perating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I join with these laws the personal presence of
the kings' son, as a <i>concurrent</i> cause of this
reformation.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>concurrent</i> testimony of antiquity.<BR>
<i>Bp. Warburton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conjoined; associate; concomitant;
existing or happening at the same time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no difference the <i>concurrent</i> echo
and the iterant but the quickness or slowness of the return.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Changes . . . <i>concurrent</i> with the visual
changes in the eye.<BR>
<i>Tyndall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Joint and equal in authority; taking
cognizance of similar questions; operating on the same objects;
as, the <i>concurrent</i> jurisdiction of courts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Meeting in one
point.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Meeting; uniting; accompanying; conjoined;
associated; coincident; united.</p>

<p><hw>Con*cur"rent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, concurs; a joint or contributory
cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To all affairs of importance there are three
necessary <i>concurrents</i> . . . time, industry, and
faculties.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One pursuing the same course, or
seeking the same objects; hence, a rival; an opponent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Menander . . . had no <i>concurrent</i> in his
time that came near unto him.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chron.)</i> <def>One of the
supernumerary days of the year over fifty-two complete weeks; --
so called because they <i>concur</i> with the solar cycle, the
course of which they follow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cur"rent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
concurrence; unitedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cur"rent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being concurrent; concurrence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*cur"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Agreeing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Concurring figure</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>one
which, being laid on another, exactly meets every part of it, or
one which corresponds with another in all its parts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*cuss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concussus</i>, p. p. of <i>concutere</i>. See
<u>Concussion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shake or
agitate.</def> "<i>Concussed</i> with uncertainty."
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To force (a person) to do
something, or give up something, by intimidation; to
coerce.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`cus*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
violent shock or agitation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*cus"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>concussio</i>, fr. <i>concutere</i>, <i>concussum</i>, to
shake violenty; <i>con-</i> + <i>quatere</i> to shake. See
<u>Cashier</u>, <u>Quash</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shaking
or agitation; a shock; caused by the collision of two
bodies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is believed that great ringing of bells, in
populous cities, hath dissipated pestilent air; which may be from
the <i>concussion</i> of the air.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition of lowered
functional activity, without visible structural change, produced
in an organ by a shock, as by fall or blow; as, a
<i>concussion</i> of the brain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>The unlawful
forcing of another by threats of violence to yield up something
of value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>concussion</i>, rapine, pilleries,<BR>
Their catalogue of accusations fill.<BR>
<i>Daniel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Concussion fuse</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>one that
is ignited by the concussion of the shell when it
strikes.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Shock</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*cus"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the power or quality of shaking or agitating.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cond</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>conduen</i>, <i>condien</i>, F. <i>conduire</i> to conduct,
fr. L. <i>conducere</i>. See <u>Conduct</u>, and cf. <u>Con</u>
(<i>Naut</i>.), <u>Conn</u>. <u>Cun</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
con, as a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*demn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Condemned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Condemning</u> (? or &?;).] [L.
<i>condemnare</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>damnare</i> to condemn: cf.
F. <i>condamner</i>. See <u>Damn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pronounce to be wrong; to disapprove of; to censure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Condemn</i> the fault, and not the actor of
it!<BR>
Why, every fault's <i>condemned</i> ere it be done.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Wilt thou <i>condemn</i> him that is most
just?<BR>
<i>Job xxxiv. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To declare the guilt of; to make
manifest the faults or unworthiness of; to convict of
guilt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The queen of the south shall rise up in the
judgment with this generation, and shall <i>condemn</i> it.<BR>
<i>Matt. xii. 42.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pronounce a judicial sentence
against; to sentence to punishment, suffering, or loss; to doom;
-- with <i>to</i> before the penalty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Driven out from bliss, <i>condemned</i><BR>
In this abhorred deep to utter woe.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To each his sufferings; all are men,<BR>
<i>Condemned</i> alike to groan.<BR>
<i>Gray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And they shall <i>condemn</i> him to death.<BR>
<i>Matt. xx. 18.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The thief <i>condemned</i>, in law already
dead.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No flocks that range the valley free,<BR>
To slaughter I <i>condemn</i>.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To amerce or fine; -- with <i>in</i>
before the penalty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king of Egypt . . . <i>condemned</i> the land
in a hundred talents of silver.<BR>
<i>2 Cron. xxxvi. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To adjudge or pronounce to be unfit
for use or service; to adjudge or pronounce to be forfeited; as,
the ship and her cargo were <i>condemned</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To doom to be taken for
public use, under the right of eminent domain.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To blame; censure; reprove; reproach; upbraid;
reprobate; convict; doom; sentence; adjudge.</p>

<p><hw>Con"dem*na"ble</hw> (?), a. [L. <i>condemnabilis</i>.]
<def>Worthy of condemnation; blamable; culpable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"dem*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>condemnatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
condemning or pronouncing to be wrong; censure; blame;
disapprobation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In every other sense of <i>condemnation</i>, as
blame, censure, reproof, private judgment, and the like.<BR>
<i>Paley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of judicially condemning, or
adjudging guilty, unfit for use, or forfeited; the act of dooming
to punishment or forfeiture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A legal and judicial <i>condemnation</i>.<BR>
<i>Paley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose <i>condemnation</i> is pronounced.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being
condemned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His pathetic appeal to posterity in the hopeless
hour of <i>condemnation</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The ground or reason of
condemning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the <i>condemnation</i>, that light is
come into the world, and men loved darkness rather light, because
their deeds were evil.<BR>
<i>John iii. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*dem"na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Condemning; containing or imposing condemnation or censure;
as, a <i>condemnatory</i> sentence or decree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*demned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pronounced to be wrong, guilty,
worthless, or forfeited; adjudged or sentenced to punishment,
destruction, or confiscation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Used for condemned persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Richard Savage . . . had lain with fifty pounds
weight of irons on his legs in the <i>condemned</i> ward of
Newgate.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*dem"ner</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who condemns or censures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*den`sa*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being condensed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*den"sa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>condensable</i>.] <def>Capable of being condensed; as, vapor
is <i>condensable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*den"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>condensatus</i>, p. p. of <i>condensare</i>. See
<u>Condense</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Made dense;
condensed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Water . . . thickened or <i>condensate</i>.<BR>
<i>Peacham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*den"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Condensated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Condensating</u>.] <def>To
condense.</def> [R.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`den*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>condensatio</i>: cf. F. <i>condensation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of condensing or of
being condensed; the state of being condensed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Goldsmith] was a great and perhaps an
unequaled master of the arts of selection and
<i>condensation</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The act or process of
reducing, by depression of temperature or increase of pressure,
etc., to another and denser form, as gas to the condition of a
liquid or steam to water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rearrangement or
concentration of the different constituents of one or more
substances into a distinct and definite compound of greater
complexity and molecular weight, often resulting in an increase
of density, as the <i>condensation</i> of oxygen into ozone, or
of acetone into mesitylene.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Condensation product</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
substance obtained by the polymerization of one substance, or by
the union of two or more, with or without separation of some
unimportant side products.</cd> -- <col><b>Surface
condensation</b></col>, <cd>the system of condensing steam by
contact with cold metallic surfaces, in distinction from
condensation by the injection of cold water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*den"sa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>condensatif</i>.] <def>Having the property of
condensing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*dense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Condensed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Condensing</u>.] [L. <i>condensare</i>; <i>con-
</i> + <i>densare</i> to make thick or dense, <i>densus</i>
thick, dense: cf. F. <i>condenser</i>. See <u>Dense</u>, and cf.
<u>Condensate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make more close,
compact, or dense; to compress or concentrate into a smaller
compass; to consolidate; to abridge; to epitomize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In what shape they choose,<BR>
Dilated or <i>condensed</i>, bright or obscure.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The secret course pursued at Brussels and at
Madrid may be <i>condensed</i> into the usual formula,
dissimulation, procrastination, and again dissimulation.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem. &amp; Physics)</i> <def>To reduce
into another and denser form, as by cold or pressure; as, to
<i>condense</i> gas into a liquid form, or steam into
water.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Condensed milk</b></col>, <cd>milk reduced to the
consistence of very thick cream by evaporation (usually with
addition of sugar) for preservation and transportation.</cd> --
<col><b>Condensing engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine in which
the steam is condensed after having exerted its force on the
piston.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To compress; contract; crowd; thicken;
concentrate; abridge; epitomize; reduce.</p>

<p><hw>Con*dense"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become more compact; to be reduced
into a denser form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nitrous acid is gaseous at ordinary temperatures,
but <i>condenses</i> into a very volatile liquid at the zero of
Fahrenheit.<BR>
<i>H. Spencer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
combine or unite (as two chemical substances) with or without
separation of some unimportant side products.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To undergo polymerization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*dense"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>condensus</i>.] <def>Condensed; compact; dense.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The huge <i>condense</i> bodies of planets.<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*dens"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which,
condenses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physic)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
instrument for condensing air or other elastic fluids, consisting
of a cylinder having a movable piston to force the air into a
receiver, and a valve to prevent its escape.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument for concentrating
electricity by the effect of induction between conducting plates
separated by a nonconducting plate.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A lens or mirror, usually of short focal distance, used to
concentrate light upon an object.</def></p>

<p><! p. 298 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An apparatus for
receiving and condensing the volatile products of distillation to
a liquid or solid form, by cooling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>An apparatus,
separate from the cylinder, in which the exhaust steam is
condensed by the action of cold water or air. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Steam engine</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Achromatic condenser</b></col> <i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>an
achromatic lens used as a condenser.</cd> -- <col><b>Bull's-eye
condenser</b></col>, or <col><b>Bull's-eye</b></col>
<i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>a lens of short focal distance used for
concentrating rays of light.</cd> -- <col><b>Injection
condenser</b></col>, <cd>a vessel in which steam is condensed by
the direct contact of water.</cd> -- <col><b>Surface
condenser</b></col>, <cd>an apparatus for condensing steam,
especially the exhaust of a steam engine, by bringing it into
contact with metallic surface cooled by water or air.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*den"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being condensed; as, a gas <i>condensible</i> to a liquid by
cold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cond"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Cond</u>.]
<def>One who watches shoals of fish; a balker. See
<u>Balker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`de*scend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Condescended</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Condescending</u>.] [F.
<i>condescendre</i>, LL. <i>condescendere</i>, fr. L. <i>con-</i>
+ <i>descendere</i>. See <u>Descend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To stoop or descend; to let one's self down; to submit; to
waive the privilege of rank or dignity; to accommodate one's self
to an inferior.</def> "<i>Condescend</i> to men of low estate."
<i>Rom. xii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can they think me so broken, so debased<BR>
With corporal servitude, that my mind ever<BR>
Will <i>condescend</i> to such absurd commands?<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Spain's mighty monarch,<BR>
In gracious clemency, does <i>condescend</i>,<BR>
On these conditions, to become your friend.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>Often used ironically, implying an assumption of
superiority.</p>

<p><blockquote>Those who thought they were honoring me by
<i>condescending</i> to address a few words to me.<BR>
<i>F. W. Robinson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To consent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All parties willingly <i>condescended</i>
heruento.<BR>
<i>R. Carew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To yield; stoop; descend; deign; vouchsafe.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Con`de*scend"ence</hw> (?), <hw>Con`de*scend"en*cy</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>condescendance</i>.]
<def>Condescension.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con`de*scend"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a condescending manner.</def>  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`de*scen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>condescensio</i>.] <def>The act of condescending; voluntary
descent from one's rank or dignity in intercourse with an
inferior; courtesy toward inferiors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It forbids pride . . . and commands humility,
modesty, and <i>condescension</i> to others.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a dignity and <i>condescension</i> . . . as
are suitable to a superior nature.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Complaisance; courtesy; affability.</p>

<p><hw>Con`de*scent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Condescend</u>, <u>Descent</u>.] <def>An act of
condescension.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*dign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>condigne</i>, L. <i>condignus</i> very worthy; <i>con-</i> +
<i>dignus</i> worthy. See <u>Deign</u>, and cf. <u>Digne</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Worthy; suitable; deserving; fit.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Condign</i> and worthy praise.<BR>
<i>Udall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Herself of all that rule she deemend most
<i>condign</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deserved; adequate; suitable to the
fault or crime.</def> "<i>Condign</i> censure."
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Unless it were a bloody murderer . . . <BR>
I never gave them <i>condign</i> punishment.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*dig"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>condignit&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Scholastic Theol.)</i> <def>Merit,
acquired by works, which can claim reward on the score of general
benevolence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a worthiness of <i>condignity</i>, and proper
merit of the heavenly glory, cannot be found in any the best,
most perfect, and excellent of created beings.<BR>
<i>Bp. Bull.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*dign"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>According to merit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*dign"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Agreeableness to deserts; suitableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"di*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>condimentum</i>, fr. <i>condire</i>. See <u>Condite</u>.]
<def>Something used to give relish to food, and to gratify the
taste; a pungment and appetizing substance, as pepper or mustard;
seasoning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As for radish and the like, they are for
<i>condiments</i>, and not for nourishment.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`dis*ci"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>condiscipulus</i>. See <u>Disciple</u>.] <def>A schoolfellow;
a fellow-student.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conditus</i>, p. p. of <i>condire</i> to preserve, pickle,
season. See <u>Recondite</u>.] <def>Preserved; pickled.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*dite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
pickle; to preserve; as, to <i>condite</i> pears, quinces,
etc.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>conditio</i> (better <i>condicio</i>) agreement, compact,
condition; <i>con-</i> + a root signifying to <i>show</i>,
<i>point out</i>, akin to <i>dicere</i> to say, <i>dicare</i> to
proclaim, dedicate. See <u>Teach</u>, <u>Token</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mode or state of being; state or
situation with regard to external circumstances or influences, or
to physical or mental integrity, health, strength, etc.;
predicament; rank; position, estate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am in my <i>condition</i><BR>
A prince, Miranda; I do think, a king.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And O, what man's <i>condition</i> can be
worse<BR>
Than his whom plenty starves and blessings curse?<BR>
<i>Cowley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The new <i>conditions</i> of life.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Essential quality; property;
attribute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It seemed to us a <i>condition</i> and property of
divine powers and beings to be hidden and unseen to others.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Temperament; disposition;
character.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>condition</i> of a saint and the complexion
of a devil.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which must exist as the occasion
or concomitant of something else; that which is requisite in
order that something else should take effect; an essential
qualification; stipulation; terms specified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had as lief take her dowry with this
<i>condition</i>, to be whipped at the high cross every
morning.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Many are apt to believe remission of sins, but
they believe it without the <i>condition</i> of repentance.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A clause in a contract,
or agreement, which has for its object to suspend, to defeat, or
in some way to modify, the principal obligation; or, in case of a
will, to suspend, revoke, or modify a devise or bequest. It is
also the case of a future uncertain event, which may or may not
happen, and on the occurrence or non-occurrence of which, the
accomplishment, recission, or modification of an obligation or
testamentary disposition is made to depend.</def>  <i>Blount.
Tomlins. Bouvier. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Equation of condition</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Equation</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>On or
Upon</b></col> <col><b>condition</b></col> (that), <cd>used for
<i>if</i> in introducing conditional sentences.</cd> "<i>Upon
condition</i> thou wilt swear to pay him tribute . . . thou shalt
be placed as viceroy under him." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Conditions of sale</b></col>, <cd>the terms on which it
is proposed to sell property by auction; also, the instrument
containing or expressing these terms.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- State; situation; circumstances; station; case;
mode; plight; predicament; stipulation; qualification; requisite;
article; provision; arrangement. See <u>State</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conditioned</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Conditioning</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make terms; to stipulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pay me back my credit,<BR>
And I'll <i>condition</i> with ye.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>To impose upon an
object those relations or conditions without which knowledge and
thought are alleged to be impossible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To think of a thing is to <i>condition</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*di"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>conditionare</i>. See <u>Condition</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To invest with, or limit by, conditions;
to burden or qualify by a condition; to impose or be imposed as
the condition of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seas, that daily gain upon the shore,<BR>
Have ebb and flow <i>conditioning</i> their march.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contract; to stipulate; to
agree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was <i>conditioned</i> between Saturn and
Titan, that Saturn should put to death all his male children.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(U. S. Colleges)</i> <def>To put under
conditions; to require to pass a new examination or to make up a
specified study, as a condition of remaining in one's class or in
college; as, to <i>condition</i> a student who has failed in some
branch of study.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To test or assay, as silk (to
ascertain the proportion of moisture it contains).</def>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*di"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conditionalis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Containing,
implying, or depending on, a condition or conditions; not
absolute; made or granted on certain terms; as, a
<i>conditional</i> promise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every covenant of God with man . . . may justly be
made (as in fact it is made) with this <i>conditional</i>
punishment annexed and declared.<BR>
<i>Bp. Warburton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram. &amp; Logic)</i> <def>Expressing a
condition or supposition; as, a <i>conditional</i> word, mode, or
tense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>conditional</i> proposition is one which
asserts the dependence of one categorical proposition on
another.<BR>
<i>Whately.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The words hypothetical and <i>conditional</i> may
be . . . used synonymously.<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*di"tion*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A limitation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A conditional word, mode, or
proposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disjunctives may be turned into
<i>conditionals</i>.<BR>
<i>L. H. Atwater.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*di`tion*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being conditional, or limited; limitation by
certain terms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*di"tion*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
a conditional manner; subject to a condition or conditions; not
absolutely or positively.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*di"tion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>conditionatus</i>, p. p. See <u>Condition</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Conditional.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Barak's answer is faithful, though
<i>conditionate</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*di"tion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To qualify by conditions; to
regulate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put under conditions; to render
conditional.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*di"tioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Surrounded; circumstanced; in a certain
state or condition, as of property or health; as, a well
<i>conditioned</i> man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best <i>conditioned</i> and unwearied
spirit.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having, or known under or by,
conditions or relations; not independent; not absolute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under these, thought is possible only in the
<i>conditioned</i> interval.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*di"tion*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Conditionally.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"di*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Conditories</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>conditorium</i>, fr.
<i>condere</i> to hide. See <u>Recondite</u>.] <def>A repository
for holding things; a hinding place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*dog"</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [A punning
corruption of con<i>cur</i>.] <def>To concur; to agree.</def>
[Burlesque]</p>

<p>&fist; This word appears in early dictionaries as a synonym
for the word <i>agree</i>; thus. "Agree; concurre, cohere,
<i>condog</i>, condescend."  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*do"la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Expressing condolence.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*dole"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Condoled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Condoling</u>.] [L. <i>condolere</i>; <i>con-</i>
+ <i>dolere</i> to feel pain, grieve. See <u>Doleful</u>.]
<def>To express sympathetic sorrow; to grieve in sympathy; --
followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your friends would have cause to rejoice, rather
than <i>condole</i> with you.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*dole"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lament or
grieve over.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I come not, Samson, to <i>condole</i> thy
chance.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*dole"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Condolence.</def> "A pitiful
<i>condolement</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sorrow; mourning; lamentation.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*do"lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>condol&eacute;ance</i>.] <def>Expression of sympathy with
another in sorrow or grief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their congratulations and their
<i>condolences</i>.<BR>
<i>Steele.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A special mission of <i>condolence</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*dol"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
condoles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`do*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>condonatio</i> a giving away.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of condoning or pardoning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Forgiveness, either
express or implied, by a husband of his wife or by a wife of her
husband, for a breach of marital duty, as adultery, with an
implied condition that the offense shall not be repeated.</def>
<i>Bouvier. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*done"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Condoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Condoning</u>.] [L. <i>condonare</i>, <i>-
donatum</i>, to give up, remit, forgive; <i>con-</i> +
<i>donare</i> to give. See <u>Donate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pardon; to forgive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fraud which he had either concocted or
<i>condoned</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It would have been magnanimous in the men then in
power to have overlooked all these things, and, <i>condoning</i>
the politics, to have rewarded the poetry of Burns.<BR>
<i>J. C. Shairp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To pardon; to overlook
the offense of; esp., to forgive for a violation of the marriage
law; -- said of either the husband or the wife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>condor</i>,
fr. Peruvian <i>cuntur</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very
large bird of the Vulture family (<i>Sarcorhamphus gryphus</i>),
found in the most elevated parts of the Andes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con`dot*tie"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Condottieri</b></plw> (#). [It., captain.]
<def>A military adventurer of the fourteenth and fifteenth
centuries, who sold his services, and those of his followers, to
any party in any contest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conduced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Conducing</u>.] [L. <i>conducere</i> to bring
together, conduce, hire; <i>con-</i> + <i>ducere</i> to lead. See
<u>Duke</u> and cf. Conduct, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Cond</u>.]
<def>To lead or tend, esp. with reference to a favorable or
desirable result; to contribute; -- usually followed by <i>to</i>
or toward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was sensible how much such a union would
<i>conduce</i> to the happiness of both.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The reasons you allege do more <i>conduce</i><BR>
To the hot passion of distemper'd blood.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To contribute; aid; assist; tend; subserve.</p>

<p><hw>Con*duce"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To conduct;
to lead; to guide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was sent to <i>conduce</i> hither the
princess.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*du"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conducens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Conducive; tending.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conducent</i> to the good success of this
business.<BR>
<i>Abp. Laud.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*du"ci*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being conducible; conducibleness.</def>
<i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*du"ci*ble</hw> (k&obreve;n*d&umacr;"s&ibreve;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>conducibilis</i>.] <def>Conducive;
tending; contributing.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All his laws are in themselves <i>conducible</i>
to the temporal interest of them that observe them.<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*du"ci*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality
of being conducible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*du"ci*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner to promote.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*du"cive</hw> (k&obreve;n*d&umacr;"s&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Loading or tending; helpful;
contributive; tending to promote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>However <i>conducive</i> to the good or our
country.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*du"cive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of conducing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"duct</hw> (k&obreve;n"d&ubreve;kt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>conductus</i> defense, escort, fr.
L. <i>conductus</i>, p. p. of <i>conducere</i>. See
<u>Conduce</u>, and cf. <u>Conduit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or method of conducting; guidance;
management.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Christianity has humanized the <i>conduct</i> of
war.<BR>
<i>Paley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>conduct</i> of the state, the
administration of its affairs.<BR>
<i>Ld. Brougham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Skillful guidance or management;
generalship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conduct</i> of armies is a prince's art.<BR>
<i>Waller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Attacked the Spaniards . . . with great
impetuosity, but with so little <i>conduct</i>, that his forces
were totally routed.<BR>
<i>Robertson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Convoy; escort; guard; guide.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will be your <i>conduct</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In my <i>conduct</i> shall your ladies come.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which carries or conveys
anything; a channel; a conduit; an instrument.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Although thou hast been <i>conduct</i> of my
shame.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The manner of guiding or carrying
one's self; personal deportment; mode of action;
behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All these difficulties were increased by the
<i>conduct</i> of Shrewsbury.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What in the <i>conduct</i> of our life appears<BR>
So well designed, so luckily begun,<BR>
But when we have our wish, we wish undone?<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Plot; action; construction; manner of
development.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The book of Job, in <i>conduct</i> and
diction.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Conduct money</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a portion
of a seaman's wages retained till the end of his engagement, and
paid over only if his conduct has been satisfactory.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Behavior; carriage; deportment; demeanor;
bearing; management; guidance. See <u>Behavior</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*duct"</hw> (k&obreve;n*d&ubreve;kt"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conducted</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Conducting</u>.] [See
<u>Conduct</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
lead, or guide; to escort; to attend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can <i>conduct</i> you, lady, to a low<BR>
But loyal cottage, where you may be safe.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lead, as a commander; to direct; to
manage; to carry on; as, to <i>conduct</i> the affairs of a
kingdom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Little skilled in the art of <i>conducting</i> a
siege.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To behave; -- with the reflexive; as,
he <i>conducted</i> himself well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>To serve as a medium
for conveying; to transmit, as heat, light, electricity,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To direct, as the leader
in the performance of a musical composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*duct"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To act as a conductor (as of heat, electricity, etc.); to
carry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To conduct one's self; to
behave.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*duct`i*bil"i*ty</hw>
(k&obreve;n*d&ubreve;k`t&ibreve;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>conductibilit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capability of being conducted; as, the
<i>conductibility</i> of heat or electricity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conductivity; capacity for receiving
and transmitting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*duct"i*ble</hw> (-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being conducted.</def></p>

<p><! p. 299 !></p>

<p><hw>Con*duc"tion</hw> (k&obreve;n*d&ubreve;k"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>conductio</i> a bringing together:
cf. F. <i>conduction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
leading or guiding.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of training up.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Transmission through,
or by means of, a conductor; also, conductivity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The] communication [of heat] from one body to
another when they are in contact, or through a homogenous body
from particle to particle, constitutes <i>conduction</i>.<BR>
<i>Amer. Cyc.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*duct"ive</hw> (-d&ubreve;k"t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the quality or power of
conducting; as, the <i>conductive</i> tissue of a
pistil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ovarian walls . . . are seen to be distinctly
<i>conductive</i>.<BR>
<i>Goodale (Gray's Bot. ).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`duc*tiv"i*ty</hw>
(k&obreve;n`d&ubreve;k*t&ibreve;v"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or power of conducting, or
of receiving and transmitting, as heat, electricity, etc.; as,
the <i>conductivity</i> of a nerve.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thermal conductivity</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>,
<cd>the quantity of heat that passes in unit time through unit
area of a plate whose thickness is unity, when its opposite faces
differ in temperature by one degree.</cd> <i>J. D. Everett.</i> -
- <col><b>Thermometic conductivity</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>,
<cd>the thermal conductivity when the unit of heat employed is
the heat required to raise a unit volume of the substance one
degree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*duct"or</hw> (k&obreve;n*d&ubreve;k"t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., a carrier, transporter, L., a lessee.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, conducts; a
leader; a commander; a guide; a manager; a director.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Zeal, the blind <i>conductor</i> of the will.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One in charge of a public conveyance,
as of a railroad train or a street car.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The leader or director
of an orchestra or chorus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A substance or body
capable of being a medium for the transmission of certain forces,
esp. heat or electricity; specifically, a lightning
rod.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A grooved sound or
staff used for directing instruments, as lithontriptic forceps,
etc.; a director.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Leader</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prime conductor</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>the
largest conductor of an electrical machine, serving to collect,
accumulate, or retain the electricity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*duct"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>conductorius</i>.] <def>Having the property of
conducting.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*duct"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman
who leads or directs; a directress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"duit</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
LL. <i>conductus</i> escort, conduit. See <u>Conduct</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pipe, canal, channel, or passage for
conveying water or fluid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>conduits</i> of my blood froze up.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the fountain of all those bitter waters,
of which, through a hundred different <i>conduits</i>, we have
drunk.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
structure forming a reservoir for water.</def>  <i>Oxf.
Gloss.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A narrow passage for private
communication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*du"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conduplicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>conduplicare</i>. See
<u>Duplicate</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Folded lengthwise along the
midrib, the upper face being within; -- said of leaves or petals
in vernation or &aelig;stivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*du`pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conduplicatio</i>.] <def>A doubling together or folding; a
duplication.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con`du*ran"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cundurango</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*dur"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A variety of the mineral domeykite, or copper arsenide, from
the Condurra mine in Cornwall, England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"dy*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a condyle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Condylar foramen</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a
formen in front of each condyle of the occipital bone; --
sometimes called the <i>anterior condylar foramen</i> when a
second, or posterior, foramen is present behind the condyle, as
often happens in man.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"dyle</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>condylus</i> knuckle, joint, Gr. <grk>ko`ndylos</grk>: cf. F.
<i>condyle</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A bony prominence;
particularly, an eminence at the end of a bone bearing a rounded
articular surface; -- sometimes applied also to a concave
articular surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"dy*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Condyle</i>
+ <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>condylo&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Shaped like or pertaining to a condyle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Con`dy*lo"ma</hw> (-l&omacr;"m&adot;),
<hw>||Con"dy*lome</hw> (-l&omacr;m) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Condylomata</b></plw> (#) <i>or</i> (#), E.
<plw><b>Condylomes</b></plw> (-l&omacr;mz). [NL.
<i>condyloma</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, from <grk>ko`ndylos</grk> knuckle.
See <u>-oma</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A wartlike new growth on the
outer skin or adjoining mucous membrane.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are two kinds of condylomata, the pointed and the
broad, the latter being of syphilitic origin.</p>

<p><hw>||Con*dyl"o*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ko`ndylos</grk> knuckle (or joint) + <i>-pod</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An arthropod.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>conus</i>
cone (in sense 1), Gr. &?;; akin to Skr. <i>&ccedil;ana</i>
whetstone, L. <i>cuneus</i> wedge, and prob. to E. <i>hone</i>.
See <u>Hone</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid of the form described by the
revolution of a right-angled triangle about one of the sides
adjacent to the right angle; -- called also a <i>right cone</i>.
More generally, any solid having a vertical point and bounded by
a surface which is described by a straight line always passing
through that vertical point; a solid having a circle for its base
and tapering to a point or vertex.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything shaped more or less like a
mathematical cone; as, a volcanic <i>cone</i>, a collection of
scori&aelig; around the crater of a volcano, usually heaped up in
a conical form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now had Night measured with her shadowy
<i>cone</i><BR>
Half way up hill this vast sublunar vault.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit or strobile of
the <i>Conifer&aelig;</i>, as of the pine, fir, cedar, and
cypress. It is composed of woody scales, each one of which has
one or two seeds at its base.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A shell of the
genus <i>Conus</i>, having a conical form.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cone of rays</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the pencil
of rays of light which proceed from a radiant point to a given
surface, as that of a lens, or conversely.</cd> -- <col><b>Cone
pulley</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Oblique</b></col> or <col><b>Scalene cone</b></col>,
<cd>a cone of which the axis is inclined to the plane of its
base.</cd> -- <col><b>Eight cone</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Cone</u>,
1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cone</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
cone-shaped; to bevel like the circular segment of a cone; as, to
<i>cone</i> the tires of car wheels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cone"-in-cone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Consisting of a series of parallel cones,
each made up of many concentric cones closely packed together; --
said of a kind of structure sometimes observed in sedimentary
rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ne"ine</hw> (? or ?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Conine</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Co"ne*pate</hw> (?), <hw>Co"ne*patl</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mexican <i>conepatl</i> and <i>epatl</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The skunk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cone" pul"ley</hw> (?). <def>A pulley for driving
machines, etc., having two or more parts or steps of different
diameters; a pulley having a conical shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"ney</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rabbit. See
<u>Cony</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish. See
<u>Cony</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"fab</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from
<i>confabulation</i>.] <def>Familiar talk or conversation.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*fab"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Confabulated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Confabulating</u>.] [L.
<i>confabulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>confabulary</i>, to converse
together; <i>con-</i> + <i>fabulary</i> to speak, fr.
<i>fabula</i>. See <u>Fable</u>.] <def>To talk familiarly
together; to chat; to prattle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall not ask Jean Jaques Rousseau<BR>
If birds <i>confabulate</i> or no.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fab`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confabulatio</i>.] <def>Familiar talk; easy, unrestrained,
unceremonious conversation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Friends' <i>confabulations</i> are comfortable at
all times, as fire in winter.<BR>
<i>Burton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fab"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
the nature of familiar talk; in the form of a dialogue.</def>
<i>Weever.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"fa*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Confalon</u>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One of a fraternity of
seculars, also called <i>Penitents</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*far`re*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confarreatio</i>, fr. <i>confarreare</i> to marry; <i>con-</i>
+ <i>farreum</i> (sc. <i>libum</i> cake) a spelt cake, fr.
<i>farreus</i> made of spelt, fr. <i>far</i> a sort of grain.]
<i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A form of marriage among the Romans, in
which an offering of bread was made, in presence of the high
priest and at least ten witnesses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Fated or
decreed with something else.</def> [R.]  <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Confected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Confecting</u>.] [L. <i>confectus</i>, p. p. of
<i>conficere</i> to prepare. See <u>Comfit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prepare, as sweetmeats; to make a
confection of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Saffron <i>confected</i> in Cilicia.<BR>
<i>W. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To construct; to form; to mingle or
mix.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of this were <i>confected</i> the famous
everlasting lamps and tapers.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>[My joys] are still <i>confected</i> with some
fears.<BR>
<i>Stirling.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"fect</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A comfit; a
confection.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At supper eat a pippin roasted and sweetened with
sugar of roses and caraway <i>confects</i>.<BR>
<i>Harvey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>confectio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A composition of
different materials.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A new <i>confection</i> of mold.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A preparation of fruits or roots,
etc., with sugar; a sweetmeat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Certain <i>confections</i> . . . are like to
candied conserves, and are made of sugar and lemons.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A composition of drugs.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A soft solid made by
incorporating a medicinal substance or substances with sugar,
sirup, or honey.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The pharmacop&oelig;ias formerly made a distinction
between <i>conserves</i> (made of fresh vegetable substances and
sugar) and <i>electuaries</i> (medicinal substances combined with
sirup or honey), but the distinction is now abandoned and all are
called <i>confections</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*fec"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>confectionaris</i> a pharmacist.] <def>A confectioner.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He will take your daughters to be
<i>confectionaries</i>, and to be cooks.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. viii. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fec"tion*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prepared
as a confection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The biscuit or <i>confectionary</i> plum.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fec"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A compounder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Canidia Neapolitana was <i>confectioner</i> of
unguents.<BR>
<i>Haywood.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One whose occupation it is to make or
sell confections, candies, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fec"tion*er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sweetmeats, in general; things prepared
and sold by a confectioner; confections; candies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place where candies, sweetmeats, and
similar things are made or sold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fec"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to the art of making sweetmeats.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fec"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Confiture</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*fed"er</hw> (k&obreve;n*f&ebreve;d"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>conf&eacute;d&eacute;rer</i>.
See <u>Confederate</u>.] <def>To confederate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fed"er*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Confederacies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Confederate</u>,
a.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A league or compact between two or
more persons, bodies of men, or states, for mutual support or
common action; alliance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The friendships of the world are oft<BR>
<i>Confederacies</i> in vice or leagues of pleasure.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath heard of our <i>confederacy</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Virginia promoted a <i>confederacy</i>.<BR>
<i>Bancroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The persons, bodies, states, or
nations united by a league; a confederation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Grecian common wealth, . . . the most heroic
<i>confederacy</i> that ever existed.<BR>
<i>Harris.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Virgil has a whole <i>confederacy</i> against
him.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A combination of two or
more persons to commit an unlawful act, or to do a lawful act by
unlawful means. See <u>Conspiracy</u>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- League; compact; alliance; association; union;
combination; confederation.</p>

<p><hw>Con*fed"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confoederatus</i>, p. p. of <i>confoederare</i> to join by a
league; <i>con-</i> + <i>foederare</i> to establish by treaty or
league, fr. <i>foedus</i> league, compact. See <u>Federal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>United in a league; allied by treaty;
engaged in a confederacy; banded together; allied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the swords<BR>
In Italy, and her <i>confederate</i> arms,<BR>
Could not have made this peace.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Amer. Hist.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the government of the eleven Southern States of the United
States which (1860-1865) attempted to establish an independent
nation styled the Confederate States of America; as, the
<i>Confederate</i> congress; <i>Confederate</i> money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fed"er*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is united with others in a
league; a person or a nation engaged in a confederacy; an ally;
also, an accomplice in a bad sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He found some of his <i>confederates</i> in
gaol.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Amer. Hist.)</i> <def>A name
designating an adherent to the cause of the States which
attempted to withdraw from the Union (1860-1865).</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fed"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Confederated</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Confederating</u> (?).]
<def>To unite in a league or confederacy; to ally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With these the Piercies them
<i>confederate</i>.<BR>
<i>Daniel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fed"er*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To unite
in a league; to join in a mutual contract or covenant; to band
together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By words men . . . covenant and
<i>confederate</i>.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fed"er*a`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
confederate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fed`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confoederatio</i>: cf. F. <i>conf&eacute;d&eacute;ration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of confederating; a league; a
compact for mutual support; alliance, particularly of princes,
nations, or states.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The three princes enter into some strict league
and <i>confederation</i> among themselves.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This was no less than a political
<i>confederation</i> of the colonies of New England.<BR>
<i>Palfrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The parties that are confederated,
considered as a unit; a confederacy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Articles of confederation</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Article</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*fed"er*a*tive</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to a confederation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fed"er*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
confederate.</def>  <i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conferred</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Conferring</u>.] [L. <i>conferre</i> to bring
together, contribute, consult; <i>con-</i> + <i>ferre</i> to
bear: cf. F. <i>conf&eacute;rer</i>. See 1st <u>Bear</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring together for comparison; to
compare.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If we <i>confer</i> these observations with others
of the like nature, we may find cause to rectify the general
opinion.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grant as a possession; to
bestow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The public marks of honor and reward<BR>
<i>Conferred</i> upon me.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To contribute; to conduce.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The closeness and compactness of the parts resting
together doth much <i>confer</i> to the strength of the
union.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have
discourse; to consult; to compare views; to deliberate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Festus, when he had <i>conferred</i> with the
council, answered.<BR>
<i>Acts xxv. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall hear us <i>confer</i> of this.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To counsel; advise; discourse; converse.</p>

<p><hw>Con`fer*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Referee</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is conferred
with, or who takes part in a conference; as, the <i>conferees</i>
on the part of the Senate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One upon whom something is
conferred.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"fer*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>conf&eacute;rence</i>. See <u>Confer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of comparing two or more things together;
comparison.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Helps and furtherances which . . . the mutual
<i>conference</i> of all men's collections and observations may
afford.<BR>
<i>Hocker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of consulting together
formally; serious conversation or discussion; interchange of
views.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor with such free and friendly
<i>conference</i><BR>
As he hath used of old.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A meeting for consultation,
discussion, or an interchange of opinions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A meeting of the two branches of a
legislature, by their committees, to adjust between
them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Methodist Church)</i> <def>A stated
meeting of preachers and others, invested with authority to take
cognizance of ecclesiastical matters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A voluntary association of
Congregational churches of a district; the district in which such
churches are.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Conference meeting</b></col>, <cd>a meeting for
conference. Specifically, a meeting conducted (usually) by
laymen, for conference and prayer.</cd> [U. S.] --
<col><b>Conference room</b></col>, <cd>a room for conference and
prayer, and for the pastor's less formal addresses.</cd> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Con`fer*en"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to conference.</def> [R.]  <i>Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fer"ra*ble</hw> (#) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being conferred.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`fer*ree"</hw> (k&obreve;n`f&etilde;r*r&emacr;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Conferee</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 300  !></p>

<p><hw>Con*fer"rer</hw> (k&obreve;n*f&etilde;r"r&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who confers; one
who converses.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who bestows; a giver.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con`fer*ru"mi*nate</hw> (?),
<hw>Con`fer*ru"mi*na`ted</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conferruminare</i> to cement. See <u>Ferruminate</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Closely united by the coalescence, or sticking
together, of contiguous faces, as in the case of the cotyledons
of the live-oak acorn.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con*fer"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Conferv&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a kind of water plant.
See <u>Comfrey</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any unbranched, slender,
green plant of the fresh-water algae. The word is frequently used
in a wider sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`fer*va"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Belonging to the confervae.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fer"void</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Conferva</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Like, or related to, the
confervae.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fer"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to confervae; consisting of, or resembling, the
confervae.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yon exiguous pool's <i>confervous</i> scum.<BR>
<i>O. W. Holmes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Confessed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Confessing</u>.] [F. <i>confesser</i>, fr. L.
<i>confessus</i>, p. p. of <i>confiteri</i> to confess; <i>con-
</i> + <i>fateri</i> to confess; akin to <i>fari</i> to speak.
See 2d <u>Ban</u>, <u>Fame</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
acknowledgment or avowal in a matter pertaining to one's self; to
acknowledge, own, or admit, as a crime, a fault, a
debt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And there <i>confess</i><BR>
Humbly our faults, and pardon beg.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I must <i>confess</i> I was most pleased with a
beautiful prospect that none of them have mentioned.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To acknowledge faith in; to profess
belief in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever, therefore, shall <i>confess</i> me
before men, him will I <i>confess</i>, also, before my Father
which is in heaven.<BR>
<i>Matt. x. 32.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>For the Sadducees say that there is no
resurrection, neither angel, nor spirit; but the Pharisees
<i>confess</i> both.<BR>
<i>Acts xxiii. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To admit as true; to assent to; to
acknowledge, as after a previous doubt, denial, or
concealment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I never gave it him. Send for him hither,<BR>
And let him <i>confess</i> a truth.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As I <i>confess</i> it needs must be.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As an actor <i>confessed</i> without rival to
shine.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
make known or acknowledge, as one's sins to a priest, in order to
receive absolution; -- sometimes followed by the reflexive
pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our beautiful votary took an opportunity of
<i>confessing</i> herself to this celebrated father.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To hear or receive such confession; -
- said of a priest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . heard mass, and the prince, his son, with
him, and the most part of his company were <i>confessed</i>.<BR>
<i>Ld. Berners.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To disclose or reveal, as an effect
discloses its cause; to prove; to attest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tall thriving trees <i>confessed</i> the fruitful
mold.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Admit; grant; concede; avow; own; assent;
recognize; prove; exhibit; attest.  -- <u>To Confess</u>,
<u>Acknowledge</u>, <u>Avow</u>. <i>Acknowledge</i> is opposed to
<i>conceal</i>. We <i>acknowledge</i> what we feel must or ought
to be made known. (See <u>Acknowledge</u>.) <i>Avow</i> is
opposed to <i>withhold</i>. We <i>avow</i> when we make an open
and public declaration, as against obloquy or opposition; as, to
<i>avow</i> one's principles; to <i>avow</i> one's participation
in some act. <i>Confess</i> is opposed to <i>deny</i>. We
<i>confess</i> (in the ordinary sense of the word) what we feel
to have been wrong; as, to <i>confess</i> one's errors or faults.
We sometimes use <i>confess</i> and <i>acknowledge</i> when there
is no admission of our being in the wrong; as, this, I
<i>confess</i>, is my opinion; I <i>acknowledge</i> I have always
thought so; but in these cases we mean simply to imply that
others may perhaps <i>think</i> us in the wrong, and hence we use
the words by way of deference to their opinions. It was in this
way that the early Christians were led to use the Latin
<i>confiteor</i> and <i>confessio fidei</i> to denote the public
declaration of their faith in Christianity; and hence the
corresponding use in English of the verb <i>confess</i> and the
noun <i>confession</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*fess"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make confession; to disclose sins or faults, or the state
of the conscience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every tongue shall <i>confess</i> to God.<BR>
<i>Rom. xiv. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To acknowledge; to admit; to
concede.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But since<BR>
(And I <i>confess</i> with right) you think me bound.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fess"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>confessant</i>.] <def>One who confesses to a priest.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fess"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>confessarius</i>.] <def>One who makes a confession.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fess"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
confession; without denial.</def> [Written also
<i>confessly</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*fess"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes a confession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fes"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>confession</i>, L. <i>confessio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Acknowledgment; avowal, especially in a matter pertaining to
one's self; the admission of a debt, obligation, or
crime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With a crafty madness keeps aloof,<BR>
When we would bring him on to some <i>confession</i><BR>
Of his true state.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acknowledgment of belief; profession
of one's faith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With the mouth <i>confession</i> is made unto
salvation.<BR>
<i>Rom. x. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The act of disclosing
sins or faults to a priest in order to obtain sacramental
absolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Auricular <i>confession</i> . . . or the private
and special <i>confession</i> of sins to a priest for the purpose
of obtaining his absolution.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A formulary in which the articles of
faith are comprised; a creed to be assented to or signed, as a
preliminary to admission to membership of a church; a confession
of faith.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An admission by a party
to whom an act is imputed, in relation to such act. A judicial
confession settles the issue to which it applies; an extrajudical
confession may be explained or rebutted.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Confession and avoidance</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
mode of pleading in which the party confesses the facts as stated
by his adversary, but alleges some new matter by way of avoiding
the legal effect claimed for them.</cd>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Confession of faith</b></col>, <cd>a formulary
containing the articles of faith; a creed.</cd> --
<col><b>General confession</b></col>, <cd>the confession of sins
made by a number of persons in common, as in public prayer.</cd>
-- <col><b>Westminster Confession</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Westminster Assembly</i>, under <u>Assembly</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*fes"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>confessional</i>.] <def>The recess, seat, or inclosed place,
where a priest sits to hear confessions; often a small structure
furnished with a seat for the priest and with a window or
aperture so that the penitent who is outside may whisper into the
priest's ear without being seen by him or heard by
others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fes"sion*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to a confession of faith.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Confessional equality</b></col>, <cd>equality before
the law of persons confessing different creeds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*fes"sion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An exaggerated estimate of the importance of
giving full assent to any particular formula of the Christian
faith.</def>  <i>Shaff.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fes"sion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
priest hearing, or sitting to hear, confession.</def> [R.]
<i>Boucher</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fes"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>confessionarium</i>.] <def>A confessional.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fes"sion*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to auricular confession; as, a
<i>confessionary</i> litany.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fes"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>confessioniste</i>.] <def>One professing a certain
faith.</def>  <i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fess"or</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>confessor</i>, F. <i>confesseur</i>, fr. L. &amp; LL.
<i>confessor</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who confesses; one
who acknowledges a fault, or the truth of a charge, at the risk
of suffering; specifically, one who confesses himself a follower
of Christ and endures persecution for his faith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He who dies for religion is a martyr; he who
suffers for it is a <i>confessor</i>.<BR>
<i>Latham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Our religion which hath been sealed with the blood
of so many martyrs and <i>confessors</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A priest who hears the confessions of
others and is authorized to grant them absolution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fess"or*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or state of suffering persecution for religious faith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our duty to contend even to
<i>confessorship</i>.<BR>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fest"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cofessedly</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con`fi*dant"</hw> (?); 277), <pos><i>n. masc.</i></pos>,
<hw>Con`fi*dante"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n. fem.</i></pos> }[F.
<i>confident</i>, <i>confidente</i>, formerly also spelt
<i>confidant</i>, <i>confidante</i>. See <u>Confide</u>, and cf.
<u>Confident</u>.] <def>One to whom secrets, especially those
relating to affairs of love, are confided or intrusted; a
confidential or bosom friend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You love me for no other end<BR>
Than to become my <i>confidant</i> and friend;<BR>
As such I keep no secret from your sight.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Confided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Confiding</u>.] [L. <i>confidere</i>; <i>con-</i>
+ <i>fidere</i> to trust. See <u>Faith</u>, and cf.
<u>Affiance</u>.] <def>To put faith (<i>in</i>); to repose
confidence; to trust; -- usually followed by <i>in</i>; as, the
prince <i>confides</i> in his ministers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By thy command I rise or fall,<BR>
In thy protection I <i>confide</i>.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Judge before friendships, then <i>confide</i> till
death.<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fide"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To intrust;
to give in charge; to commit to one's keeping; -- followed by
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Congress may . . . <i>confide</i> to the Circuit
jurisdiction of all offenses against the United States.<BR>
<i>Story.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"fi*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confidentia</i> firm trust in, self-confidence: cf. F.
<i>confidence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of confiding,
trusting, or putting faith in; trust; reliance; belief; --
formerly followed by <i>of</i>, now commonly by
<i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Society is built upon trust, and trust upon
<i>confidence</i> of one another's integrity.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A cheerful <i>confidence in the mercy of
God</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That in which faith is put or reliance
had.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord shall be thy <i>confidence</i>.<BR>
<i>Prov. iii. 26.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of mind characterized by
one's reliance on himself, or his circumstances; a feeling of
self-sufficiency; such assurance as leads to a feeling of
security; self-reliance; -- often with <i>self</i>
prefixed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your wisdom is consumed in <i>confidence</i>;<BR>
Do not go forth to-day.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>confidence</i> then bore thee on secure<BR>
Either to meet no danger, or to find<BR>
Matter of glorious trial.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Private conversation; (<i>pl.</i>)
secrets shared; as, there were <i>confidences</i> between
them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir, I desire some <i>confidence</i> with you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Confidence game</b></col>, <cd>any swindling operation
in which advantage is taken of the confidence reposed by the
victim in the swindler.</cd> -- <col><b>Confidence man</b></col>,
<cd>a swindler.</cd> -- <col><b>To take into one's
confidence</b></col>, <cd>to admit to a knowledge of one's
feelings, purposes, or affairs.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Trust; assurance; expectation; hope.</p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>confident</i> that very much be done.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Trustful; without fear or suspicion;
frank; unreserved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be <i>confident</i> to speak, Northumberland;<BR>
We three are but thyself.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having self-reliance; bold;
undaunted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>confident</i> as is the falcon's flight<BR>
Against a bird, do I with Mowbray fight.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having an excess of assurance; bold to
a fault; dogmatical; impudent; presumptuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fool rageth and is <i>confident</i>.<BR>
<i>Prov. xiv. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Giving occasion for confidence.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The cause was more <i>confident</i> than the event
was prosperous.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"fi*dent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Confidant</u>.</def>  <i>South. Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`fi*den"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>confidentiel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Enjoying, or
treated with, confidence; trusted in; trustworthy; as, a
<i>confidential</i> servant or clerk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Communicated in confidence;
secret.</def> "<i>Confidential</i> messages."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Confidential communication</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>
<cd>See <i>Privileged communication</i>, under
<u>Privileged</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Confidential
creditors</b></col>, <cd>those whose claims are of such a
character that they are entitled to be paid before other
creditors.</cd> -- <col><b>Confidential debts</b></col>,
<cd>debts incurred for borrowed money, and regarded as having a
claim to be paid before other debts.</cd>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`fi*den"tial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In confidence; in reliance on secrecy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"fi*dent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
confidence; with strong assurance; positively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"fi*dent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being confident.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
confides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fid"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That confides;
trustful; unsuspicious.</def> -- <wf>Con*fid"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Con*fid"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con*fig"ur*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>configuratus</i>, p. p. of <i>configurare</i> to form or
after; <i>con-</i> + <i>figurare</i> to form, <i>figura</i> form.
See <u>Figure</u>.] <def>To take form or position, as the parts
of a complex structure; to agree with a pattern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Known by the name of uniformity;<BR>
Where pyramids to pyramids relate<BR>
And the whole fabric doth <i>configurate</i>.<BR>
<i>Jordan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fig`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>configuratio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Form, as depending
on the relative disposition of the parts of a thing; shape;
figure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the variety of <i>configurations</i> [of the
mouth] . . . which gives birth and origin to the several
vowels.<BR>
<i>Harris.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Relative position or
aspect of the planets; the face of the horoscope, according to
the relative positions of the planets at any time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [astrologers] undertook . . . to determine
the course of a man's character and life from the
<i>configuration</i> of the stars at the moment of his birth.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>the spatial arrangement
of atoms in a molecule as determined by the covalent bonds
between them; the three-dimensional structure that cannot be
changed without breaking the covalent bonds between atoms of a
molecule.  It is distinguished from <i>conformation</i>, which is
the exact relative location in space of all of the atoms of a
molecule, which may vary at different times or in different
environments.</def><BR>
[PJC]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Computers)</i> <def>a specification of
the parts of a computer system, consisting of the essential
components of the computer plus the complete set of all internal
and external devices directly attached to it; as, by the year
2000, a microcomputer <i>configuration</i> without a CD-ROM or
DVD drive will be unsalable.</def><BR>
[PJC]</p>

<p><hw>Con*fig"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Configured</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Configuring</u>.] [L.
<i>configurare</i>: cf. F. <i>configurer</i>. See
<u>Configurate</u>.] <def>To arrange or dispose in a certain
form, figure, or shape.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fin"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being confined, restricted, or limited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>confinable</i> to any limits.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Confined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Confining</u>.] [F. <i>confiner</i> to border
upon, LL. <i>confinare</i> to set bounds to; <i>con-</i> +
<i>finis</i> boundary, end. See <u>Final</u>, <u>Finish</u>.]
<def>To restrain within limits; to restrict; to limit; to bound;
to shut up; to inclose; to keep close.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now let not nature's hand<BR>
Keep the wild flood <i>confined</i>! let order die!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He is to <i>confine</i> himself to the compass of
numbers and the slavery of rhyme.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To be confined</b></col>, <cd>to be in
childbed.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To bound; limit; restrain; imprison; immure;
inclose; circumscribe; restrict.</p>

<p><hw>Con"fine</hw> (? or &?;); 277), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To have a common boundary; to border; to lie contiguous; to
touch; -- followed by <i>on</i> or <i>with</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where your gloomy bounds<BR>
<i>Confine</i> with heaven.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Bewixt heaven and earth and skies there stands a
place.<BR>
<i>Confining</i> on all three.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"fine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Common boundary; border; limit; -- used chiefly in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Events that came to pass within the
<i>confines</i> of Judea.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And now in little space<BR>
The <i>confines</i> met of empyrean heaven,<BR>
And of this world.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>On the <i>confines</i> of the city and the
Temple.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apartment; place of restraint;
prison.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Confines</i>, wards, and dungeons.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The extravagant and erring spirit hies<BR>
To his <i>confine</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"fine`less</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Without limitation or end; boundless.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fine"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Restraint within limits; imprisonment;
any restraint of liberty; seclusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind hates restraint, and is apt to fancy
itself under <i>confinement</i> when the sight is pent up.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Restraint within doors by sickness,
esp. that caused by childbirth; lying-in.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, limits or restrains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"fi`ner</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who lives on confines, or near the border of a country; a
borderer; a near neighbor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Happy <i>confiners</i> you of other lands,<BR>
That shift your soil, and oft 'scape tyrants' hands.<BR>
<i>Daniel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>confinit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Community of limits;
contiguity.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*firm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Confrmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Confirming</u>.] [OE. <i>confermen</i>,
<i>confirmen</i>, OF. <i>confermer</i>, F. <i>confirmer</i>, fr.
L. <i>confirmare</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>firmare</i> to make firm,
fr. <i>firmus</i> firm. See <u>Firm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make firm or firmer; to add strength to; to establish;
as, health is <i>confirmed</i> by exercise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Confirm</i> the crown to me and to mine
heirs.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>confirmed</i> the same unto Jacob for a
law.<BR>
<i>Ps. cv. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strengthen in judgment or
purpose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Confirmed</i>, then, I resolve<BR>
Adam shall share with me in bliss or woe.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give new assurance of the truth of;
to render certain; to verify; to corroborate; as, to
<i>confirm</i> a rumor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your eyes shall witness and <i>confirm</i> my
tale.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>These likelihoods <i>confirm</i> her flight.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To render valid by formal assent; to
complete by a necessary sanction; to ratify; as, to
<i>confirm</i> the appoinment of an official; the Senate
<i>confirms</i> a treaty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That treaty so prejudicial ought to have been
remitted rather than <i>confimed</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To administer the rite
of confirmation to. See <u>Confirmation</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those which are thus <i>confirmed</i> are thereby
supposed to be fit for admission to the sacrament.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To strengthen; corroborate; substantiate;
establish; fix; ratify; settle; verify; assure.</p>

<p><! p. 301 !></p>

<p><hw>Con*firm"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
may be confirmed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*firm"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Confirmation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con`fir*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>confirmation</i>, L. <i>confirmatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of confirming or strengthening; the act of
establishing, ratifying, or sanctioning; as, the
<i>confirmation</i> of an appointment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their blood is shed<BR>
In <i>confirmation</i> of the noblest claim.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which confirms; that which gives
new strength or assurance; as to a statement or belief;
additional evidence; proof; convincing testimony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trifles light as air<BR>
Are to the jealous <i>confirmations</i> strong<BR>
As proofs of holy writ.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A rite supplemental to
baptism, by which a person is admitted, through the laying on of
the hands of a bishop, to the full privileges of the church, as
in the Roman Catholic, the Episcopal Church, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This ordinance is called <i>confirmation</i>,
because they who duly receive it are confirmed or strengthened
for the fulfillment of their Christian duties, by the grace
therein bestowed upon them.<BR>
<i>Hook.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A conveyance by which a
voidable estate is made sure and not voidable, or by which a
particular estate is increased; a contract, express or implied,
by which a person makes that firm and binding which was before
voidable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*firm"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confirmativus</i>: cf. F. <i>confirmatif</i>.] <def>Tending to
confirm or establish.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con*firm"a*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con"fir*ma`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>One who, or that which, confirms; a confirmer.</def>  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*firm"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. .</i></pos>
<def>Serving to confirm; corroborative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fact <i>confirmatory</i> of the conclusion.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the rite of
confirmation.</def>  <i>Compton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*firm"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
confirmation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*firm"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fixed
state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`fir*mee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>confirm&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>confirmer</i>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One to whom anything is confirmed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*firm"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, confirms, establishes, or ratifies; one who
corroborates.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*firm"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
confirming manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fis"ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>confiscable</i>.] <def>Capable of being confiscated; liable to
forfeiture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"fis*cate</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confiscatus</i>, p. p. of <i>confiscare</i> to confiscate,
prop., to lay up in a chest; <i>con-</i> + <i>fiscus</i> basket,
purse, treasury. See <u>Fiscal</u>.] <def>Seized and appropriated
by the government to the public use; forfeited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest that your goods too soon be
<i>confiscate</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"fis*cate</hw> (? or &?;; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Confiscated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Confiscating</u>.] <def>To seize as
forfeited to the public treasury; to appropriate to the public
use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was judged that he should be banished and his
whole estate <i>confiscated</i> and seized.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`fis*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confiscatio</i>.] <def>The act or process of taking property
or condemning it to be taken, as forfeited to the public
use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>confiscations</i> following a subdued
rebellion.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"fis*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
treasurer.] <def>One who confiscates.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fis"ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Effecting confiscation; characterized by
confiscations.</def> "<i>Confiscatory</i> and exterminatory
periods."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"fit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Comfit</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"fi*tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confitens</i>, p. pr.] <def>One who confesses his sins and
faults.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Con*fit"e*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., I
confess. See <u>Confess</u>.] <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>A form of
prayer in which public confession of sins is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"fi*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Confiture</u>.] <def>Composition; preparation, as of a drug,
or confection; a sweetmeat.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Confitures</i> and
pies."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Confixed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> Confixing.] [L. <i>confixus</i>, p. p. of
<i>configere</i> to fasten together.] <def>To fix; to
fasten.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fix"ure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act
of fastening.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*fla"grant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conflagrans</i>, p. pr. of <i>conflagrare</i>; <i>con-</i> +
<i>flagrare</i> to blaze. See <u>Flagrant</u>.] <def>Burning
together in a common flame.</def> [R.] "The <u>conflagrant</u>
mass."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`fla*gra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conflagratio</i>: cf. F. <i>conflagration</i>.] <def>A fire
extending to many objects, or over a large space; a general
burning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till one wide <i>conflagration</i> swallows
all.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*flate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conflated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Conflating</u>.] [L. <i>conflatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>conflare</i> to blow together; <i>con-</i> +
<i>flare</i> to blow.] <def>To blow together; to bring together;
to collect;  to fuse together; to join or weld; to
consolidate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The State-General, created and <i>conflated</i> by
the passionate effort of the whole nation.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fla"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conflatio</i>.] <def>A blowing together, as of many
instruments in a concert, or of many fires in a foundry.</def>
[R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"flict</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conflictus</i> a striking together, fr. <i>confligere</i>,
<i>-flictum</i>, to strike together, to fight: cf. F.
<i>conflit</i>, formerly also <i>conflict</i>. See
<u>Conflict</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
striking or dashing together; violent collision; as, a
<i>conflict</i> of elements or waves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A strife for the mastery; hostile
contest; battle; struggle; fighting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As soon as he [Atterbury] was himself again, he
became eager for action and <i>conflict</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An irrepressible <i>conflict</i> between opposing
and enduring forces.<BR>
<i>W. H. Seward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Conflict of laws</b></col>, <cd>that branch of
jurisprudence which deals with individual litigation claimed to
be subject to the conflicting laws of two or more states or
nations; -- often used as synonymous with <i>Private
international law</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contest; collision; struggle; combat; strife;
contention; battle; fight; encounter. See <u>Contest</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*flict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conflicted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Conflicting</u>.] [L. <i>conflictus</i>, p.
p. of <i>confligere</i> to conflict (cf. <i>conflictare</i>);
<i>con-</i> + <i>fligere</i> to strike; cf. Gr.
<grk>fli`bein</grk>, <grk>qli`bein</grk>, to press, L.
<i>flagrum</i> whip.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike or dash
together; to meet in violent collision; to collide.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fire and water <i>conflicting</i> together.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To maintain a conflict; to contend;
to engage in strife or opposition; to struggle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man would be content to . . . <i>conflict</i>
with great difficulties, in hopes of a mighty reward.<BR>
<i>Abp. Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To be in opposition; to be
contradictory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The laws of the United States and of the
individual States may, in some cases, <i>conflict</i> with each
other.<BR>
<i>Wheaton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fight; contend; contest; resist; struggle;
combat; strive; battle.</p>

<p><hw>Con*flict"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in
conflict or collision, or in opposition; contending;
contradictory; incompatible; contrary; opposing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Torn with sundry <i>conflicting</i> passions.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hurd.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*flict"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to conflict; conflicting.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"flu*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confluentia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of flowing
together; the meeting or junction of two or more streams; the
place of meeting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>New York stood at the <i>confluence</i> of two
rivers.<BR>
<i>Bancroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Any running together of separate
streams or currents; the act of meeting and crowding in a place;
hence, a crowd; a concourse; an assemblage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You see this <i>confluence</i>, this great flood
of vistors.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>The confluence</i> . . . of all true joys.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"flu*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confluens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>confluere</i>, <i>-
fluxum</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>fluere</i> to flow.  See
<u>Fluent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flowing together; meeting
in their course; running one into another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>confluent</i> steams make some great
river's head.<BR>
<i>Blackmore.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Blended into one;
growing together, so as to obliterate all distinction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Running together or uniting, as pimples or pustules.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Characterized by having the pustules,
etc., run together or unite, so as to cover the surface; as,
<i>confluent</i> smallpox.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"flu*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small steam which flows into a large one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The place of meeting of steams,
currents, etc.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"flux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>confluxus</i>, p. p. See <u>Confluent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A flowing together; a meeting of currents.</def> "The
<i>conflux</i> of meeting sap."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The general <i>conflux</i> and concourse of the
whole people.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A large assemblage; a passing
multitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the gates cast round thine eye, and see<BR>
What <i>conflux</i> issuing forth, or entering in.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*flux`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The  tendency of fluids to run together.</def> [R.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*flux"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inclined to flow or run together.</def> --
<wf>Con*flux"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con*fo"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Having the same foci; as, <i>confocal</i>
quadrics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conformis</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>forma</i> form: cf. F.
<i>conforme</i>.] <def>Of the same form; similar in import;
conformable.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Care must be taken that the interpretation be
every way <i>conform</i> to the analogy of faith.<BR>
<i>Bp.Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*form"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conformed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Conforming</u>.] [F. <i>conformer</i>, L.
<i>conformare</i>, <i>-formatum</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>formare</i>
to form, <i>forma</i> form. See <u>Form</u>.] <def>To shape in
accordance with; to make like; to bring into harmony or agreement
with; -- usually with <i>to</i> or <i>unto</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Demand of them wherefore they <i>conform</i> not
themselves unto the order of the church.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*form"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be in accord or harmony; to comply; to be obedient; to
submit; -- with <i>to</i> or <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A rule to which experience must
<i>conform</i>.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Eng. Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>To comply
with the usages of the Established Church; to be a
conformist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>About two thousand ministers whose consciences did
not suffer them to <i>conform</i> were driven from their
benefices in a day.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*form`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being conformable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The parallelism of two
sets of strata which are in contact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*form"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Corresponding in form, character,
opinions, etc.; similar; like; consistent; proper or suitable; --
usually followed by <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fragments of Sappho give us a taste of her way
of writing perfectly <i>conformable</i> with that character.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conformable</i> to Scripture as well as to
philosophy.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To make matters somewhat <i>conformable</i> for
the old knight.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to compliance or obedience;
ready to follow directions; submissive; compliant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have been to you a true and humble wife,<BR>
At all times to your will <i>conformable</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Parallel, or nearly
so; -- said of strata in contact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*form"a*ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being conformable; conformability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*form"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
conformity or in conformity; suitably; agreeably.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conformably</i> to the law and nature of
God.<BR>
<i>Bp. Beveridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*form"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Conformity.</def> [R.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*form"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conformatus</i>, p. p.  See <u>Conform</u>.] <def>Having the
same form.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con`for*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
conformatio: cf. F. <i>conformation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of conforming; the act of producing
conformity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>conformation</i> of our hearts and lives to
the duties of true religion and morality.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The state of being conformed;
agreement; hence; structure, as depending on the arrangement of
parts; form; arrangement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In Hebrew poetry, there may be observed a certain
<i>conformation</i> of the sentences.<BR>
<i>Lowth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A structure and <i>conformation</i> of the
earth.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*form"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
conforms; one who complies with established forms or
doctrines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*form"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
conforms or complies; esp., one who conforms to the Church of
England, or to the Established Church, as distinguished from a
<i>dissenter</i> or <i>nonconformist</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cheeful <i>conformist</i> to your judgment.<BR>
<i>Jer.Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*form"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Conformities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>conformit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Correspondence
in form, manner, or character; resemblance; agreement; congruity;
-- followed by <i>to</i>, <i>with</i>, or
<i>between</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By our <i>conformity</i> to God.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The end of all religion is but to draw us to a
<i>conformity</i> with God.<BR>
<i>Dr. H.More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>conformity</i> between the mental taste and
the sensitive taste.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Eng. Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>Compliance
with the usages of the Established Church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king [James I.] soon afterward put forth a
proclamation requiring all ecclesiastical and civil officers to
do their duty by enforcing <i>conformity</i>.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`for*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>confortation</i>, LL. <i>confortatio</i>. Cf. <u>Comfort</u>.]
<def>The act of strengthening.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*found"</hw> (k&obreve;n*found"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Confounded</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Confounding</u>.] [F.
<i>confondre</i>, fr. L. <i>confundere</i>, <i>-fusum</i>, to
pour together; <i>con-</i> + <i>fundere</i> to pour. See
<u>Fuse</u> to melt, and cf. <u>Confuse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To mingle and blend, so that different elements can not be
distinguished; to confuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They who strip not ideas from the marks men use
for them, but <i>confound</i> them with words, must have endless
dispute.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us go down, and there <i>confound</i> their
language.<BR>
<i>Gen. xi. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To mistake for another; to identify
falsely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [the tinkers] were generally vagrants and
pilferers, and were often <i>confounded</i> with the gypsies.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To throw into confusion or disorder;
to perplex; to strike with amazement; to dismay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gods <i>confound</i>...<BR>
The Athenians both within and out that wall.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They trusted in thee and were not
<i>confounded</i>.<BR>
<i>Ps. xxii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake the Son of God, and Satan stood<BR>
A while as mute, <i>confounded</i> what to say.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>To destroy; to ruin; to waste.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One man's lust these many lives
<i>confounds</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>How couldst thou in a mile <i>confound</i> an
hour?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abash; confuse; baffle; dismay; astonish;
defeat; terrify; mix; blend; intermingle. See <u>Abash</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*found"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Confused; perplexed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cloudy and <i>confounded</i> philosopher.<BR>
<i>Cudworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Excessive; extreme; abominable.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was a most <i>confounded</i> tory.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The tongue of that <i>confounded</i> woman.<BR>
<i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*found"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Extremely; odiously; detestably.</def> [Colloq.]
"<i>Confoundedly</i> sick."  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*found"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being confounded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their witty descant of my
<i>confoundedness</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*found"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
confounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"fract`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confractus</i>, p. p. of <i>confringere</i>.] <def>Broken in
pieces; severed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con`fra*gose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confragosus</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>fragosus</i>, fr.
<i>frangere</i>. See <u>Fragile</u>.] <def>Broken; uneven.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Confragose</i> cataracts."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`fra*ter"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Confraternities</b></plw> (#). [LL.
<i>confraternitas</i>: cf. F. <i>confraternit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Fraternity</u>.] <def>A society or body of men united for some
purpose, or in some profession; a brotherhood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These live in one society and
<i>confraternity</i>.<BR>
<i>Stow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Con`frere"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Fellow member of a fraternity; intimate associate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`fri*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confricatio</i>, fr. <i>confricare</i> to rub vigorously.]
<def>A rubbing together; friction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fri"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>confr&egrave;re</i>. See <u>Friar</u>.] <def>A
confr&egrave;re.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Weever.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*front"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Confronted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Confronting</u>.] [F. <i>confronter</i>; L.
<i>con-</i> + <i>frons</i> the forehead or front. See
<u>Front</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stand facing or in
front of; to face; esp. to face hostilely; to oppose with
firmness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We four, indeed, <i>confronted</i> were with
four<BR>
In Russian habit.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He spoke and then <i>confronts</i> the bull.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Hester caught hold of Pearl, and drew her forcibly
into her arms, <i>confronting</i> the old Puritan magistrate with
almost a fierce expression.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It was impossible at once to <i>confront</i> the
might of France and to trample on the liberties of England.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To put face to face; to cause to face
or to meet; as, to <i>confront</i> one with the proofs of his
wrong doing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To set in opposition for examination;
to put in contrast; to compare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When I <i>confront</i> a medal with a verse, I
only show you the same design executed by different hands.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 302 !></p>

<p><hw>Con`fron*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>confrontatio</i>.] <def>Act of confronting.</def>  <i>H.
Swinburne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Con`fron`t&eacute;"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F., p. p. <u>confronter</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Affront&eacute;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*front"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
confronts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>confronter</i> in authority.<BR>
<i>Speed.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>confronting</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>dealing with (a
person or problem) directly; taking the bull by the
horns.</def><BR>
<b>Syn. --</b> braving, coping with, grappling, tackling.<BR>
[WordNet 1.5 +PJC]</p>

<p><hw>Con*front"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of confronting; the state of being face to face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*front"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of confronting; the state of being face to face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fu"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, or
relating to, Confucius, the great Chinese philosopher and
teacher.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A
Confucianist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fu"cian*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
political morality taught by Confucius and his disciples, which
forms the basis of the Chinese jurisprudence and education. It
can hardly be called a religion, as it does not inculcate the
worship of any god.</def>  <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fu"cian*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower
of Confucius; a Confucian.</def>  <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fus</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Confuse</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Confused,
disturbed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fus`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being confused.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fus"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being confused.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>confus</i>, L. <i>confusus</i>, p. p. of <i>confundere</i>.
See <u>Confound</u>.] <def>Mixed; confounded.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Baret.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Confused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Confusing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mix or
blend so that things can not be distinguished; to jumble
together; to confound; to render indistinct or obscure; as, to
<i>confuse</i> accounts; to <i>confuse</i> one's
vision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A universal hubbub wild<BR>
Of stunning sounds and voices all <i>confused</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To perplex; to disconcert; to abash;
to cause to lose self-possession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor thou with shadowed hint <i>confuse</i><BR>
A life that leads melodious days.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Confused</i> and sadly she at length
replied.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abash; disorder; disarrange; disconcert;
confound; obscure; distract. See <u>Abash</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*fus"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
confused manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fus"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
confusion.</def>  <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fuse"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Confusedly; obscurely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*fu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>confusion</i>, L. <i>confusio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being mixed or blended so as to produce
indistinctness or error; indistinct combination; disorder;
tumult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>confusion</i> of thought to which the
Aristotelians were liable.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Moody beggars starving for a time<BR>
Of pellmell havoc and <i>confusion</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The state of being abashed or
disconcerted; loss self-possession; perturbation;
shame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Confusion</i> dwelt in every face<BR>
And fear in every heart.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Overthrow; defeat; ruin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ruin seize thee, ruthless king,<BR>
<i>Confusion</i> on thy banners wait.<BR>
<i>Gray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>One who confuses; a confounder.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chapmen.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Confusion of goods</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
intermixture of the goods of two or more persons, so that their
respective portions can no longer be distinguished.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Confusing;
having a tendency to confusion.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fut"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may
be confuted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A conceit . . . <i>confutable</i> by daily
experience.<BR>
<i>Sir T.Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*fut"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confutans</i>, p. pr. of <i>confutare</i>.] <def>One who
undertakes to confute.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`fu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>confutatio</i>: cf. F. <i>confutation</i>.] <def>The act or
process of confuting; refutation.</def>  "For the edification of
some and the <i>confutation</i> of others."  <i>Bp.
Horne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fut"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted
or designed to confute.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Confuted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Confuting</u>.] [L. <i>confutare</i> to chek (a
boiling liquid), to repress, confute; <i>con-</i> + a root seen
in <i>futis</i> a water vessel), prob. akin to <i>fundere</i> to
pour: cf. F. <i>confuter</i>. See <u>Fuse</u> to melt.] <def>To
overwhelm by argument; to refute conclusively; to prove or show
to be false or defective; to overcome; to silence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Satan stood . . . <i>confuted</i> and
convinced<BR>
Of his weak arguing fallacious drift.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No man's error can be <i>confuted</i> who doth not
. . . grant some true principle that contradicts his error.<BR>
<i>Chillingworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>confute</i> a good profession with a bad
conversation.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disprove; overthrow; sed aside; refute;
oppugn. -- To <u>Confute</u>, <u>Refute.</u> <i>Refute</i> is
literally to and decisive evidence; as, to <i>refute</i> a
calumny, charge, etc. <i>Confute</i> is literally to check
boiling, as when cold water is poured into hot, thus serving to
allay, bring down, or neutralize completely. Hence, as applied to
arguments (and the word is never applied, like <i>refute</i>, to
charges), it denotes, to overwhelm by evidence which puts an end
to the case and leaves an opponent nothing to say; to silence;
as, "the atheist is <i>confuted</i> by the whole structure of
things around him."</p>

<p><hw>Con*fute"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Confutation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*fut"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
confutes or disproves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
abbreviation of <u>Congius</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con`g&eacute;"</hw> (k&ocirc;N`zh&asl;"; E.
k&obreve;n"j&emacr;; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., leave,
permission, fr. L. <i>commeatus</i> a going back and forth, a
leave of absence, furlough, fr. <i>commeare</i>, <i>-meatum</i>,
to go and come; <i>com-</i> + <i>meare</i> to go. Cf.
<u>Permeate</u>.] [Formerly written <i>congie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of taking leave; parting
ceremony; farewell; also, dismissal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Should she pay off old Briggs and give her her
<i>cong&eacute;</i>?<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The customary act of civility on any
occasion; a bow or a courtesy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The captain salutes you with <i>cong&eacute;</i>
profound.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An apophyge.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><col><b>||Cong&eacute; d'&eacute;lire</b></col> (&?;) [F.,
leave to choose] <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the sovereign's license or
permission to a dean and chapter to choose as bishop the person
nominated in the missive.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"ge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Imp. &amp; p. p.
<u>Congeed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Congeing</u>.] [OF. <i>congier</i>, <i>congeer</i>, F.
<i>cong&eacute;dier</i>, fr. <i>cong&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Cong&eacute;</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To take leave
with the customary civilities; to bow or courtesy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>congeed</i> with the duke, done my adieu
with his  nearest.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"ge*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>Permissible; done lawfully; as, entry
<i>congeable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*geal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Congealed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Congealing</u>.] [F. <i>congeler</i>, L.
<i>congelare</i>, <i>-gelatumn</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>gelare</i>
to freeze, <i>gelu</i> frost. See <u>Gelid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To change from a fluid to a solid state
by cold; to freeze.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A vapory deluge lies to snow <i>congealed</i>.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To affect as if by freezing; to check
the flow of, or cause to run cold; to chill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As if with horror to <i>congeal</i> his blood.<BR>
<i>Stirling.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*geal"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow hard,
stiff, or thick, from cold or other causes; to become solid; to
freeze; to cease to flow; to run cold; to be chilled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest zeal, now melted . . .<BR>
Cool and <i>congeal again to what it was</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*geal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>congelable</i>.] <def>Capable of being congealed.</def> --
<wf>Con*geal"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con*geal"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being congealed.</def>  <i>Dr. H.More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*geal"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or the process of congealing;
congeliation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>That which is formed by congelation;
a clot.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wash the <i>congealment</i> from your wounds.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"gee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cong&eacute;</u>, <u>Conge</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And unto her his <i>congee</i> came to take.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*gee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Tamil <i>ka&?;shi</i> boilings.] <def>Boiled rice; rice
gruel.</def> [India]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A jail; a lockup.</def> [India]</p>

<p><col><b>Congee discharges</b></col>, <cd>rice water
discharges.</cd> <i>Dunglison.</i> -- <col><b>Congee
water</b></col>, <cd>water in which rice has been
boiled.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con`ge*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cong&eacute;lation</i>, L. <i>congelatio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of passing, or causing
to pass, from a fluid to a solid state, as by the abstraction of
heat; the act or process of freezing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The capillary tubes are obstructed either by
outward compression or <i>congelation</i> of the fluid.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The state of being
congealed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>That which is congealed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sugar plums . . . with a multitude of
<i>congelations</i> in jellies of various colors.<BR>
<i>Taller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"ge*ner</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [From L.
<i>congener</i>. See <u>Congenerous</u>.] <def>A thing of the
same genus, species, or kind; a thing allied in nature,
character, or action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cherry tree has been often grafted on the
laurel, to which it is a <i>congener</i>.<BR>
<i>P. Miller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Our elk is more polygamous in his habits than any
other deer except his <i>congener</i>, the red deer of
Europe.<BR>
<i>Caton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*gen"er*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Similarity of origin; affinity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con`ge*ner"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Con`ge*ner"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to the same genus; allied in
origin, nature, or action.</def>  <i>R. Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*gen"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>congener</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>genus</i>, <i>generis</i>,
birth, kind, race. See <u>Genus</u>, and cf. <u>Congener</u>.]
<def>Allied in origin or cause; congeneric; as,
<i>congenerous</i> diseases.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con*gen"er*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*gen"ial</hw> (&?;; 106), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>con-</i> + <i>genial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Partaking
of the same nature; allied by natural characteristics; kindred;
sympathetic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Congenial</i> souls! whose life one avarice
joins.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Naturally adapted; suited to the
disposition.</def> "<i>Congenial</i> clime."  <i>C. J.
Fox.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To defame the excellence with which it has no
sympathy . . . is its <i>congenial</i> work.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ge`ni*al"i*ty</hw> (? or ?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state or quality of being congenial; natural affinity;
adaptation; suitableness.</def>  <i>Sir J. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If <i>congeniality</i> of tastes could have made a
marriage happy, that union should have been thrice blessed.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*gen"ial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
make congenial.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*gen"ial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
congenial manner; as, <i>congenially</i> married or
employed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*gen"ial*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Congeniality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*gen"ious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Congeneric.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*gen"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Congenite</u>.] <def>Existing at, or dating from, birth;
pertaining to one from birth; born with one; connate;
constitutional; natural; as, a <i>congenital</i> deformity. See
<u>Connate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*gen"i*tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
congenital manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*gen"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>congenitus</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>genitus</i>, p. p. of
<i>gignere</i> to beget. See <u>Generate</u>.] <def>Congenital;
connate; inborn. See <u>Congenital</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many conclusions, of moral and intellectual
truths, seem . . . to be <i>congenite</i> with us.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>conger</i>,
<i>congrus</i>, akin to Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>congre</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The conger eel; -- called also
<i>congeree</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Conger sea</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the sea
eel; a large species of eel (<i>Conger vulgaris</i>), which
sometimes grows to the length of ten feet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*ge"ri*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing &amp; pl.</i></pos>
[L., fr. <i>congerere</i>. See <u>Congest</u>.] <def>A collection
of particles or bodies into one mass; a heap; an
aggregation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*gest"</hw> (#), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>congestus</i>, p. p. of <i>congere</i> to bring together;
<i>con-</i> + <i>gerere</i>. See <u>Gerund</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To collect or gather into a mass or
aggregate; to bring together; to accumulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To what will thy <i>congested</i> guilt
amount?<BR>
<i>Blackmore.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To cause an overfullness
of the blood vessels (esp. the capillaries) of an organ or
part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*gest"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Crowded together.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Containing an unnatural
accumulation of blood; hyper&aelig;mic; -- said of any part of
the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ges"tion</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>congestio</i>: cf. F. <i>congestion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of gathering into a heap or mass;
accumulation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>congestion</i> of dead bodies one upon
another.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Overfullness of the
capillary and other blood vessels, etc., in any locality or organ
(often producing other morbid symptoms); local hyper&aelig;mia,
active or passive; as, arterial <i>congestion</i>; venous
<i>congestion</i>; <i>congestion</i> of the lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*gest"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, indicating, or attended with, congestion in
some part of the body; as, a <i>congestive</i> fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"gi*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Congiaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>congiarium</i>, fr.
<i>congius</i> a liquid measure.] <def>A present, as of corn,
wine, or oil, made by a Roman emperor to the soldiers or the
people; -- so called because measured to each in a
<i>congius</i>.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In later years, when gifts of money were distributed,
the name <i>congius</i> was retained.</p>

<p><hw>||Con"gi*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Roman Antiq.)</i> <def>A liquid measure
containing about three quarts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A gallon, or four
quarts.</def> [Often abbreviated to <i>cong.</i>]</p>

<p><hw>Con*gla"ci*ate</hw> (?; 221), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[L. <i>conglaciatus</i>, p. p. of <i>conglaciare</i>. See
<u>Glaciate</u>.] <def>To turn to ice; to freeze.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*gla`ci*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>conglaciation</i>.] <def>The act or process of changing into
ice, or the state of being converted to ice; a freezing;
congelation; also, a frost.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*glo"bate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conglobatus</i>, p. p. of <i>conglobare</i> to conglobate. See
<u>Globate</u>.] <def>Collected into, or forming, a rounded mass
or ball; as, the <i>conglobate</i> [lymphatic] glands;
<i>conglobate</i> flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*glo"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conglobated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Conglobating</u>.] [Cf.
<u>Conglore</u>.] <def>To collect or form into a ball or rounded
mass; to gather or mass together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conglobated</i> bubbles undissolved.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`glo*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conglobatio</i>: cf. F. <i>conglobation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of forming into a
ball.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A round body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*globe"</hw> (#), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conglobed</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Conglobing</u>.] [L. <i>conglobare</i>: cf. F.
<i>conglober</i>. Cf. <u>Conglobate</u>.] <def>To gather into a
ball; to collect into a round mass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then founded, then <i>conglobed</i><BR>
Like things to like.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*globe"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To collect,
unite, or coalesce in a round mass.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*glob"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>con-</i> + <i>globule</i>.] <def>To gather into a small round
mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*glom"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conglomeratus</i>, p. p. of <i>conglomerare</i> to roll
together; <i>con-</i> + <i>glomerare</i> to wind into a ball. See
<u>Glomerate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Gathered into a ball
or a mass; collected together; concentrated; as,
<i>conglomerate</i> rays of light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beams of light when they are multiplied and
<i>conglomerate</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Fluids are separated in the liver and the other
conglobate and <i>conglomerate</i> glands.<BR>
<i>Cheyne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Closely crowded
together; densly clustered; as, <i>conglomerate</i>
flowers.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Composed of stones,
pebbles, or fragments of rocks, cemented together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*glom"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is heaped together in a mass
or conpacted from various sources; a mass formed of fragments;
collection; accumulation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>conglomerate</i> of marvelous anecdotes,
marvelously heaped together.<BR>
<i>Trench.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A rock, composed or
rounded fragments of stone cemented together by another mineral
substance, either calcareous, siliceous, or argillaceous; pudding
stone; -- opposed to <i>agglomerate</i>. See
<u>Breccia</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>conglomerate</i>, therefore, is simply gravel
bound together by a cement.<BR>
<i>Lyell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*glom"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conglomerated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Conglomerating</u>.] <def>To gather
into a ball or round body; to collect into a mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*glom`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conglomeratio</i>: cf. F. <i>conglomeration</i>.] <def>The act
or process of gathering into a mass; the state of being thus
collected; collection; accumulation; that which is conglomerated;
a mixed mass.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*glu"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Conglutinate</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A variety of vegetable
casein, resembling legumin, and found in almonds, rye, wheat,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*glu"ti*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.,
<i>conglutinans</i>, p. pr.] <def>Cementing together; uniting
closely; causing to adhere; promoting healing, as of a wound or a
broken bone, by adhesion of the parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*glu"ti*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conglutinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>conglutinare</i> to glue;
<i>con-</i> + <i>glutinare</i> to glue, <i>gluten</i> glue.]
<def>Glued together; united, as by some adhesive
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*glu"ti*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conglutinated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> Conglutinating.] <def>To glue together; to
unite by some glutinous or tenacious substance; to cause to
adhere or to grow together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bones . . . have had their broken parts
<i>conglutinated</i> within three or four days.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*glu"ti*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
unite by the intervention of some glutinous substance; to
coalesce.</def></p>

<p><! p. 303 !></p>

<p><hw>Con*glu`ti*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conglutinatio</i>: cf. F. <i>conglutination</i>.] <def>A
gluing together; a joining by means of some tenacious substance;
junction; union.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conglutination</i> of parts separated by a
wound.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*glu"ti*na"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>conglutinatif</i>.] <def>Conglutinant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con"gou</hw> (?), <hw>Con"go</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>kung-foo</i> labor.] <def>Black
tea, of higher grade (finer leaf and less dusty) than the present
bohea. See <u>Tea</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of black teas, the great mass is called
<i>Congou</i>, or the "well worked", a name which took the place
of the <i>Bohea</i> of 150 years ago, and is now itself giving
way to the term "English breakfast tea."<BR>
<i>S. W. Williams.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"go snake"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
amphibian (<i>Amphiuma means</i>) of the order <i>Urodela</i>,
found in the southern United States. See
<u>Amphiuma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*grat"u*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>congratulans</i>, p. pr.] <def>Rejoicing together;
congratulatory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With like joy<BR>
<i>Congratulant</i> approached him.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*grat"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Congratulated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Congratulating</u>.] [L.
<i>congratulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>congratulari</i> to wish joy
abundantly; <i>con-</i> + <i>gratulari</i> to wish joy, from
<i>gratus</i> pleasing. See <u>Grateful</u>.] <def>To address
with expressions of sympathetic pleasure on account of some happy
event affecting the person addressed; to wish joy to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the king's most sweet pleasure and affection
to <i>congratulate</i> the princess at her pavilion.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To congratulate one's self</b></col>, <cd>to rejoice;
to feel satisfaction; to consider one's self happy or
fortunate.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>To Congratulate</u>, <u>Felicitate</u>.  To
<i>felicitate</i> is simply to wish a person joy. To
<i>congratulate</i> has the additional signification of uniting
in the joy of him whom we congratulate.  Hence they are by no
means synonymous. One who has lost the object of his affections
by her marriage to a rival, might perhaps <i>felicitate</i> that
rival on his success, but could never be expected to
<i>congratulate</i> him on such an event.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Felicitations</i> are little better than
compliments; <i>congratulations</i> are the expression of a
genuine sympathy and joy.<BR>
<i>Trench.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*grat"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
express of feel sympathetic joy; as, to <i>congratulate</i> with
one's country.</def> [R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The subjects of England may <i>congratulate</i> to
themselves.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*grat`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>congratulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>congratulation</i>.] <def>The act
of congratulating; an expression of sympathetic
pleasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With infinite <i>congratulations</i> for our safe
arrival.<BR>
<i>Dr. J. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*grat"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who offers congratulation.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*grat"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Expressive of sympathetic joy; as, a <i>congratulatory</i>
letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*gree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>on-
</i>+ L. <i>gratus</i> pleasing. Cf. <u>Agree</u>.] <def>To
agree.</def> [bs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*greet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
salute mutually.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"gre*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>congregatus</i>, p. p. of <i>congregare</i> to congregate;
<i>on-</i> + <i>gregare</i> to collect into a flock, fr.
<i>grex</i> flock, herd. See <u>Gregarious</u>.] <def>Collected;
compact; close.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"gre*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Congregated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Congregating</u>] <def>To collect into
an assembly or assemblage; to assemble; to bring into one place,
or into a united body; to gather together; to mass; to
compact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any multitude of Christian men <i>congregated</i>
may be termed by the name of a church.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Cold <i>congregates</i> all bodies.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The great receptacle<BR>
Of <i>congregated</i> waters he called Seas.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"gre*gate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come
together; to assemble; to meet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even there where merchants most do
<i>congregate</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`gre*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>congregatio</i>: cf. F. <i>congr&eacute;gation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of congregating, or bringing
together, or of collecting into one aggregate or mass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The means of reduction in the fire is but by the
<i>congregation</i> of homogeneal parts.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection or mass of separate
things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A foul and pestilent <i>congregation</i> of
vapors.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An assembly of persons; a gathering;
esp. an assembly of persons met for the worship of God, and for
religious instruction; a body of people who habitually so
meet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Bunyan] rode every year to London, and
preached there to large and attentive <i>congregations</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Jewish Hist.)</i> <def>The whole
body of the Jewish people; -- called also <i>Congregation of the
Lord</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a sin offering for the
<i>congregation</i>.<BR>
<i>Lev. iv. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A body of cardinals or other ecclesiastics to whom as
intrusted some department of the church business; as, the
<i>Congregation of the Propaganda</i>, which has charge of the
missions of the Roman Catholic Church.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A company of religious persons forming a subdivision of a
monastic order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The assemblage of Masters and Doctors
at Oxford or Cambrige University, mainly for the granting of
degrees.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Scotch Church Hist.)</i> <def>the name
assumed by the Protestant party under John Knox. The leaders
called themselves (1557) <i>Lords of the
Congregation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`gre*ga"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a congregation;
conducted, or participated in, by a congregation; as,
<i>congregational</i> singing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the system of
Congregationalism, or to Congregationalist; holding to the faith
and polity of Congregationalism; as, a <i>Congregational</i>
church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`gre*ga"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That system of church organization which
vests all ecclesiastical power in the assembled brotherhood of
each local church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The faith and polity of the
Congregational churches, taken collectively.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense (which is its usual signification)
<i>Congregationalism</i> is the system of faith and practice
common to a large body of evangelical Trinitarian churches, which
recognize the local brotherhood of each church as independent of
all dictation in ecclesiastical matters, but are united in
fellowship and joint action, as in councils for mutual advice,
and in consociations, conferences, missionary organizations,
etc., and to whose membership the designation
"Congregationalists" is generally restricted; but Unitarian and
other churches are Congregational in their polity.</p>

<p><hw>Con`gre*ga"tion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who belongs to a Congregational church or society; one who holds
to Congregationalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"gress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Congresses</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>congressus</i>, fr.
<i>congredi</i>, p. p. <i>-gressus</i>, to go or come together;
<i>con-</i> + <i>grati</i> to go or step, <i>gradus</i> step: cf.
F. <i>congr&?;s</i>. See <u>Grade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
meeting of individuals, whether friendly or hostile; an
encounter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here Pallas urges on, and Lausus there;<BR>
Their <i>congress</i> in the field great Jove withstands.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden encounter; a collision; a
shock; -- said of things.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From these laws may be deduced the rules of the
<i>congresses</i> and reflections of two bodies.<BR>
<i>Cheyne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The coming together of a male and
female in sexual commerce; the act of coition.</def>
<i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A gathering or assembly; a
conference.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A formal assembly, as of princes,
deputies, representatives, envoys, or commissioners; esp., a
meeting of the representatives of several governments or
societies to consider and determine matters of common
interest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The European powers strove to . . . accommodate
their differences at the <i>congress</i> of Vienna.<BR>
<i>Alison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of senators and
representatives of the people of a nation, esp. of a republic,
constituting the chief legislative body of the nation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the Congress of the United States (which took the
place of the Federal Congress, March 4, 1789), the Senate
consists of two Senators from each State, chosen by the State
legislature for a term of six years, in such a way that the terms
of one third of the whole number expire every year; the House of
Representatives consists of members elected by the people of the
several Congressional districts, for a term of two years, the
term of all ending at the same time. The united body of Senators
and Representatives for any term of two years for which the whole
body of Representatives is chosen is called <i>one Congress</i>.
Thus the session which began in December, 1887, was the first (or
long) session, and that which began in December, 1888, was the
second (or short) session, of the <i>Fiftieth Congress</i>. When
an extra session is had before the date of the first regular
meeting of a Congress, that is called the first session, and the
following regular session is called the second session.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The lower house of the Spanish Cortes,
the members of which are elected for three years.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Continental Congress</b></col>, <cd>an assembly of
deputies from the thirteen British colonies in America, appointed
to deliberate in respect to their common interests. They first
met in 1774, and from time thereafter until near the close of the
Revolution.</cd> -- <col><b>The Federal Congress</b></col>,
<cd>the assembly of representatives of the original States of the
American Union, who met under the Articles of Confederation from
1781 till 1789.</cd> -- <col><b>Congress boot</b></col> or
<col><b>gaiter</b></col>, <cd>a high shoe or half-boot, coming
above the ankle, and having the sides made in part of some
elastic material which stretches to allow the boot to be drawn on
and off.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Congress water</b></col>, <cd>a
saline mineral water from the Congress spring at Saratoga, in the
State of New York.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Assembly; meeting; convention; convocation;
council; diet; conclave; parliament; legislature.</p>

<p><hw>Con*gres"sion</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>congressio</i>.] <def>A coming or bringing together, as in a
public meeting, in a dispute, in the act of comparing, or in
sexual intercourse.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*gres"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a congress, especially, to the Congress of the
United States; as, <i>congressional</i> debates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Congressional</i> and official labor.<BR>
<i>E. Everett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Congressional District</b></col>, <cd>one of the
divisions into which a State is periodically divided (according
to population), each of which is entitled to elect a
Representative to the Congress of the United States.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*gres"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Encountering, or coming together.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"gress*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Congressmen</b></plw> (&?;).  <def>A member of the
Congress of the United States, esp. of the House of
Representatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"greve rock"et</hw> (?). <def>See under
<u>Rocket</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"grue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>congruere</i>. See <u>Congruous</u>.] <def>To agree; to be
suitable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"gru*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>congruentia</i>: cf. OF. <i>cornguence</i>.] <def>Suitableness
of one thing to another; agreement; consistency.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"gru*en*cy</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Congruence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Congruency of lines</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Complex of lines</i>, under <u>Complex</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"gru*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>congruens</i>, p. pr. of <i>congruere</i>: cf. F.
<i>congruent</i>.] <def>Possessing congruity; suitable; agreeing;
corresponding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>congruent</i> and harmonious fitting of
parts in a sentence.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Congruent figures</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>,
<cd>concurring figures.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"gru*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>congruisme</i>.] <i>(Scholastic Theol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Congruity</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*gru"i*ty</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Congruities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>congruit&?;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality
of being congruous; the relation or agreement between things;
fitness; harmony; correspondence; consistency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With what <i>congruity</i> doth the church of Rome
deny that her enemies do at all appertain to the church of
Christ?<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A whole sentence may fail of its <i>congruity</i>
by wanting one particle.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Coincidence, as that of
lines or figures laid over one another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scholastic Theol.)</i> <def>That, in an
imperfectly good persons, which renders it suitable for God to
bestow on him gifts of grace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"gru*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>congruus</i>, fr. <i>congruere</i> to come together, to
coincide, to agree. Of uncertain origin.] <def>Suitable or
concordant; accordant; fit; harmonious; correspondent;
consistent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>congruous</i> to the nature of epic
poetry.<BR>
<i>Blair.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It is no ways <i>congruous</i> that God should be
always frightening men into an acknowledgment of the truth.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"gru*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
congruous manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*hy"drine</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Con</i>ium + <i>hydr</i>ate.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A vegetable
alkaloid found with conine in the poison hemlock (<i>Conium
maculatum</i>). It is a white crystalline substance,
C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>17</sub>NO, easily convertible into
conine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*ni"a</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Conium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Conine</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Con"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>conique</i>. See
<u>Cone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of, or
resembling, a geometrical cone; round and tapering to a point, or
gradually lessening in circumference; as, a <i>conic</i> or
<i>conical</i> figure; a <i>conical</i> vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a cone; as,
<i>conic</i> sections.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Conic section</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a curved
line formed by the intersection of the surface of a right cone
and a plane. The conic sections are the parabola, ellipse, and
hyperbola. The right lines and the circle which result from
certain positions of the plane are sometimes, though not
generally included.</cd> -- <col><b>Conic sections</b></col>,
<cd>that branch of geometry which treats of the parabola,
ellipse, and hyperbola.</cd> -- <col><b>Conical
pendulum</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Pendulum</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Conical projection</b></col>, <cd>a method of delineating
the surface of a sphere upon a plane surface as if projected upon
the surface of a cone; -- much used by makers of maps in
Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Conical surface</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>,
<cd>a surface described by a right line moving along any curve
and always passing through a fixed point that is not in the plane
of that curve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A
conic section.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`i*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Conicalness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
form of a cone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or
quality of being conical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"i*co-</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Conic</u>.] <def>A combining form, meaning <i>somewhat
resembling a cone</i>; as, <i>conico</i>-cylindrical, resembling
a cone and a cylinder; <i>conico</i>-hemispherical;
<i>conico</i>-subulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"i*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Conic</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Conoidal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That branch of geometry which treats of the cone and the
curves which arise from its sections.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conic sections.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*nid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Conida</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A peculiar
kind of reproductive cell found in certain fungi, and often
containing zo&ouml;spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"ni*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conifer</i>; <i>conus</i> cone + <i>ferre</i> to bear: cf. F.
<i>conif&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree or shrub
bearing cones; one of the order <i>Coniferae</i>, which includes
the pine, cypress, and (according to some) the yew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*nif"er*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A glucoside extracted from the cambium layer of coniferous
trees as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Bearing cones, as the pine and
cypress.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to the order
<i>Coniferae</i>, of which the pine tree is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"ni*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cone</i> +
<i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>coniforme</i>.] <def>Cone-shaped;
conical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ni"ine</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Conine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"ni*mene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Olibene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"nine</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Conium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A powerful and very poisonous
vegetable alkaloid found in the hemlock (<i>Conium maculatum</i>)
and extracted as a colorless oil, C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>17</sub>N,
of strong repulsive odor and acrid taste. It is regarded as a
derivative of piperidine and likewise of one of the collidines.
It occasions a gradual paralysis of the motor nerves. Called also
<i>coniine</i>, <i>coneine</i>, <i>conia</i>, etc.  See
<u>Conium</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co`ni*ros"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Conirostres.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`ni*ros"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Conirostres.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co`ni*ros"tres</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>conus</i> cone + <i>rostrum</i> beak: cf. F.
<i>conirostre</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of perching
birds, including those which have a strong conical bill, as the
finches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`i*sor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Obs</i>.]
<def>See <u>Cognizor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*nis"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; dust.] <i>(Greek Antiq.)</i> <def>Originally, a part
of the palestra, or gymnasium among the Greeks; either the place
where sand was stored for use in sprinkling the wrestlers, or the
wrestling ground itself. Hence, a part of the orchestra of the
Greek theater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dust: cf.
F. <i>conite</i>. So called on account of its gray color.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A magnesian variety of dolomite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*ni"um</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; hemlock.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of biennial, poisonous, white-flowered, umbelliferous plants,
bearing ribbed fruit ("seeds") and decompound leaves.</def></p>

<p><! p. 304 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The common hemlock
(<i>Conium maculatum</i>, poison hemlock, spotted hemlock, poison
parsley), a roadside weed of Europe, Asia, and America,
cultivated in the United States for medicinal purpose. It is an
active poison. The leaves and fruit are used in
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ject"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conjectus</i>, p. p. of <i>conjicere</i>. See
<u>Conjecture</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To throw together,
or to throw.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ject"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
conjecture; also, to plan.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*ject"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who guesses or conjectures.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A great <i>conjector</i> at other men by their
writings.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*jec"tur*a*ble</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being conjectured or guessed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*jec"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conjecturalis</i>: cf. F. <i>conjectural</i>.] <def>Dependent
on conjecture; fancied; imagined; guessed at; undetermined;
doubtful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And mak'st <i>conjectural</i> fears to come into
me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A slight expense of <i>conjectural</i>
analogy.<BR>
<i>Hugh Miller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Who or what such editor may be, must remain
<i>conjectural</i>.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*jec"tur*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
conjecturer.</def> [R.]  <i>Month. rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*jec`tur*al"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which depends upon guess; guesswork.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*jec`tur*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
conjectural manner; by way of conjecture.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*jec"ture</hw> (; 135?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conjectura</i>, fr. <i>conjicere</i>, <i>conjectum</i>, to
throw together, infer, conjecture; <i>con-</i> + <i>jacere</i> to
throw: cf. F. <i>conjecturer</i>. See <u>Jet</u> a shooting
forth.] <def>An opinion, or judgment, formed on defective or
presumptive evidence; probable inference; surmise; guess;
suspicion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Herodotus] would thus have corrected his first
loose <i>conjecture</i> by a real study of nature.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conjectures</i>, fancies, built on nothing
firm.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*jec"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conjectured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Conjecturing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>conjecturer</i>.
Cf. <u>Conject</u>.] <def>To arrive at by conjecture; to infer on
slight evidence; to surmise; to guess; to form, at random,
opinions concerning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Human reason can then, at the best, but
<i>conjecture</i> what will be.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*jec"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
conjectures; to surmise; to guess; to infer; to form an opinion;
to imagine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*jec"tur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
conjectures.</def>  <i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*join</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conjoined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Conjoining</u>.] [F. <i>conjoindre</i>, fr. L.
<i>conjungere</i>, <i>-junctum</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>jungere</i>
to join. See <u>Join</u>, and cf. <u>Conjugate</u>,
<u>Conjunction</u>.] <def>To join together; to unite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The English army, that divided was<BR>
Into two parties, is now <i>conjoined</i> in one.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If either of you know any inward impediment why
you should not be <i>conjoined</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Let that which he learns next be nearly
<i>conjoined</i> with what he knows already.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*join"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To unite; to
join; to league.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*joined"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Joined together or touching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*joint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>conjoint</i>, p. p. of <i>conjoindre</i>. See <u>Conjoin</u>,
and cf. <u>Conjunct</u>.] <def>United; connected;
associated.</def> "Influence <i>conjoint</i>."
<i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Conjoint degrees</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>two
notes which follow each other immediately in the order of the
scale, as <i>ut</i> and <i>re</i>.</cd> <i>Johnson.</i> --
<col><b>Conjoint tetrachords</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>two
tetrachords or fourths, where the same note is the highest of one
and the lowest of the other; -- also written
<i>conjunct</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*joint"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
conjoint manner; untitedly; jointly; together.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*joint"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being conjoint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ju"bi*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Shouting together for joy; rejoicing together.</def> [R.]
<i>Neale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"ju*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conjugalis</i>, fr. <i>conjux</i> husband, wife, consort, fr.
<i>conjungere</i> to unite, join in marriage. See
<u>Conjoin</u>.] <def>Belonging to marriage; suitable or
appropriate to the marriage state or to married persons;
matrimonial; connubial.</def> "<i>Conjugal</i> affection."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`ju*gal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
conjugal state; sexual intercourse.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"ju*gal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
conjugal manner; matrimonially; connubially.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"ju*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conjugatus</i>, p. p. or <i>conjugare</i> to unite; <i>con-
</i> + <i>jugare</i> to join, yoke, marry, jugum yoke; akin to
<i>jungere</i> to join. See <u>Join</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>United in pairs; yoked together; coupled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In single pairs;
coupled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing two or more
radicals supposed to act the part of a single one.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Agreeing in derivation
and radical signification; -- said of words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Presenting themselves
simultaneously and having reciprocal properties; -- frequently
used in pure and applied mathematics with reference to two
quantities, points, lines, axes, curves, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Conjugate axis of a hyperbola</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the line through the center of the curve,
perpendicular to the line through the two foci.</cd> --
<col><b>Conjugate diameters</b></col> <i>(Conic Sections)</i>,
<cd>two diameters of an ellipse or hyperbola such that each
bisects all chords drawn parallel to the other.</cd> --
<col><b>Conjugate focus</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Focus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Conjugate mirrors</b></col>
<i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>two mirrors so placed that rays from the
focus of one are received at the focus of the other, especially
two concave mirrors so placed that rays proceeding from the
principal focus of one and reflected in a parallel beam are
received upon the other and brought to the principal focus.</cd>
-- <col><b>Conjugate point</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>an
acnode. See <u>Acnode</u>, and <u>Double point</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Self-conjugate triangle</b></col> <i>(Conic
Sections)</i>, <cd>a triangle each of whose vertices is the pole
of the opposite side with reference to a conic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con`ju*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conjugatum</i> a combining, etymological relationship.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A word agreeing in derivation with
another word, and therefore generally resembling it in
signification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have learned, in logic, that <i>conjugates</i>
are sometimes in name only, and not in deed.<BR>
<i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A complex radical
supposed to act the part of a single radical.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"ju*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conjugated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Conjugating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To unite in marriage; to join.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To inflect (a verb), or
give in order the forms which it assumes in its several voices,
moods, tenses, numbers, and persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"ju*gate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>To unite in a kind of sexual union, as two or more cells or
individuals among the more simple plants and animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`ju*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conjugatio</i> conjugation (in senses 1 &amp; 3).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>the act of uniting or combining; union;
assemblage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Mixtures and <i>conjugations</i> of atoms.<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Two things conjoined; a pair; a
couple.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sixth <i>conjugations</i> or pair of
nerves.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
act of conjugating a verb or giving in order its various parts
and inflections.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A scheme in which
are arranged all the parts of a verb.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A class of verbs conjugated in the same manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A kind of sexual union;
-- applied to a blending of the contents of two or more cells or
individuals in some plants and lower animals, by which new spores
or germs are developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`ju*ga"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>relating to conjugation.</def>  <i>Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ju"gi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conjugialis</i>, fr. <i>conjugium</i>. Cf. <u>Conjugal</u>.]
<def>Conjugal.</def> [R.]  <i>Swedenborg.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Con*ju"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Rom. Law)</i> <def>The marriage tie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*junct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conjunctus</i>, p. p. See <u>Conjoin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>United; conjoined; concurrent.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Conjoined</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*junc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conjunctio</i>: cf. F. <i>conjunction</i>. See
<u>Conjoin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of conjoining,
or the state of being conjoined, united, or associated; union;
association; league.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will unite the white rose and the red:<BR>
Smille heaven upon his fair <i>conjunction</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Man can effect no great matter by his personal
strength but as he acts in society and <i>conjunction</i> with
others.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The meeting of two or
more stars or planets in the same degree of the zodiac; as, the
<i>conjunction</i> of the moon with the sun, or of Jupiter and
Saturn. See the Note under <u>Aspect</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
6.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Heavenly bodies are said to be in <i>conjunction</i>
when they are seen in the same part of the heavens, or have the
same longitude or right ascension. The <i>inferior</i>
conjunction of an inferior planet is its position when in
conjunction on the same side of the sun with the earth; the
<i>superior</i> conjunction of a planet is its position when on
the side of the sun most distant from the earth.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A connective or
connecting word; an indeclinable word which serves to join
together sentences, clauses of a sentence, or words; as,
<i>and</i>, <i>but</i>, <i>if</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though all <i>conjunctions</i> conjoin sentences,
yet, with respect to the sense, some are conjunctive and some
disjunctive.<BR>
<i>Harris.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*junc"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to a conjunction.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con`junc*ti"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
L. <i>conjunctivus</i> connective.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
mucous membrane which covers the external surface of the ball of
the eye and the inner surface of the lids; the conjunctival
membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`junc*ti"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Joining; connecting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
conjunctiva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*junc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conjunctivus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving to unite;
connecting together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Closely united.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Conjunctive mood</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>the
mood which follows a conjunction or expresses contingency; the
subjunctive mood.</cd> -- <col><b>Conjunctive tissue</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the tissue found in nearly all parts of most
animals. It yields gelatin on boiling, and consists of vriously
arranged fibers which are imbedded protoplasmic cells, or
corpuscles; -- called also <i>cellular tissue</i> and
<i>connective tissue</i>. Adipose or fatty tissue is one of its
many forms, and cartilage and bone are sometimes included by the
phrase.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*junc"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
conjunction or union; together.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*junc"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being conjunctive.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*junc`ti*vi"tis</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the conjunctiva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*junct"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
union; conjointly; unitedly; together.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*junc"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>conjoncture</i>, LL. <i>conjunctura</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of joining, or state of being joined; union;
connection; combination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>conjuncture</i> of philosophy and
divinity.<BR>
<i>Hobbes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A fit <i>conjuncture</i> or circumstances.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A crisis produced by a combination of
circumstances; complication or combination of events or
circumstances; plight resulting from various
conditions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Chesterfield] had recently governed Ireland,
at a momentous <i>conjuncture</i>, with eminent firmness, wisdom,
and humanity.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`ju*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conjuratio</i>, cf. F. <i>conjuration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of calling or summoning by a sacred name, or in
solemn manner; the act of binding by an oath; an earnest
entreaty; adjuration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We charge you, in the name of God, take heed; . .
. <BR>
Under this <i>conjuration</i> speak, my lord.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of invoking
supernatural aid by the use of a magical form of words; the
practice of magic arts; incantation; enchantment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pretended <i>conjurations</i> and prophecies of
that event.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A league for a criminal purpose;
conspiracy.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>conjuration</i> of Catiline."
<i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"ju*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <i>(O.
Eng. Law)</i> <def>One who swears or is sworn with others; one
bound by oath with others; a compurgator.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*jure"</hw> (k&obreve;n*j&umacr;r"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conjured</u> (-
j&umacr;rd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Conjuring</u>.] [F. <i>conjurer</i>, fr. L. <i>conjurare</i>
to swear together, to conspire; <i>con-</i> + <i>jurare</i> to
swear. See <u>Jury</u>.] <def>To call on or summon by a sacred
name or in solemn manner; to implore earnestly; to
adjure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>conjure</i> you, let him know,<BR>
Whate'er was done against him, Cato did it.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*jure"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To combine
together by an oath; to conspire; to confederate.</def> [A
Latinism]</p>

<p><blockquote>Drew after him the third part of Heaven's sons<BR>
<i>Conjured</i> against the Highest.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"jure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To affect
or effect by conjuration; to call forth or send away by magic
arts; to excite or alter, as if by magic or by the aid of
supernatural powers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The habitation which your prophet . . .
<i>conjured</i> the devil into.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To conjure up</b></col>, <cd>or make visible, as a
spirit, by magic arts; hence, to invent; as, <i>to conjure up</i>
a story; <i>to conjure up</i> alarms.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"jure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
practice magical arts; to use the tricks of a conjurer; to
juggle; to charm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>conjures</i>; away with her.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*jure"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Serious
injunction; solemn demand or entreaty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*jur"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
conjures; one who calls, entreats, or charges in a solemn
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"jur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who practices magic arts; one who
pretends to act by the aid super natural power; also, one who
performs feats of legerdemain or sleight of hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dealing with witches and with
<i>conjurers</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>From the account the loser brings,<BR>
The <i>conjurer</i> knows who stole the things.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who conjectures shrewdly or judges
wisely; a man of sagacity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ju"ror</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One bound by a common oath with others.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"ju*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice
of magic; enchantment.</def>  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Conn</hw> (k&obreve;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Con</u>, to direct a ship.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con*nas"cence</hw> (?), <hw>Con*nas"cen*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>con-</i> + <i>nascentia</i> birth,
fr. <i>nascens</i>, p. pr. of <i>nasci</i> to be born.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The common birth of two or more at the
same tome; production of two or more together.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is born or produced with
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of growing together.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*nas"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born
together; produced at the same time.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"nate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>connatus</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>natus</i> born, p. p. of
<i>nasci</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Cognate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Born with another; being of the same
birth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Congenital; existing from birth.</def>
"<i>Connate</i> notions."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A difference has been made by some; those diseases
or conditions which are dependent on original conformation being
called <i>congenital</i>; while the diseases of affections that
may have supervened during gestation or delivery are called
<i>connate</i>.<BR>
<i>Dunglison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Congenitally united;
growing from one base, or united at their bases; united into one
body; as, <i>connate</i> leaves or athers. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Connate-perfoliate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"nate-per*fo"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Connate or coalescent at the base so as to
produce a broad foliaceous body through the center of which the
stem passes; -- applied to leaves, as the leaves of the
boneset.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Connection
by birth; natural union.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*nat"u*ral</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>con-</i> + <i>natural</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Connected
by nature; united in nature; inborn; inherent; natural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These affections are <i>connatural</i> to us.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Partaking of the same
nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And mix with our <i>connatural</i> dust.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*nat`u*ral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Participation of the same nature; natural union or
connection.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A congruity and <i>connaturality</i> between
them.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*nat"u*ral*ize</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To bring to the same nature as something else; to
adapt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. J. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*nat"u*ral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By the
act of nature; originally; from birth.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*nat"u*ral*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Participation of the same nature; natural union.</def>
<i>I. Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*na"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Participation in a common nature or character.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Connature</i> was defined as likeness in kind
between either two changes in consciousness, or two states of
consciousness.<BR>
<i>H. Spencer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 305 !></p>

<p><hw>Con*nect"</hw> (k&obreve;n*n&ebreve;kt"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Connected</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Connecting</u>>.] [L.
<i>connectere</i>, <i>-nexum</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>nectere</i> to
bind. See <u>Annex</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To join, or
fasten together, as by something intervening; to associate; to
combine; to unite or link together; to establish a bond or
relation between.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He fills, he bounds, <i>connects</i> and equals
all.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A man must see the connection of each intermediate
idea with those that it <i>connects</i> before he can use it in a
syllogism.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To associate (a person or thing, or
one's self) with another person, thing, business, or
affair.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Connecting rod</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a rod or
bar joined to, and connecting, two or more moving parts; esp. a
rod connecting a crank wrist with a beam, crosshead, piston rod,
or piston, as in a steam engine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*nect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To join,
unite, or cohere; to have a close relation; as, one line of
railroad <i>connects</i> with another; one argument
<i>connects</i> with another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*nect"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
connected manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*nec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Connexion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of connecting,
or the state of being connected; junction; union; alliance;
relationship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Algazel] denied the possibility of a known
<i>connection</i> between cause and effect.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The eternal and inseparable <i>connection</i>
between virtue and happiness.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which connects or joins together;
bond; tie.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any sort of <i>connection</i> which is perceived
or imagined between two or more things.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A relation; esp. a person connected
with another by marriage rather than by blood; -- used in a loose
and indefinite, and sometimes a comprehensive, sense.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The persons or things that are
connected; as, a business <i>connection</i>; the Methodist
<i>connection</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men elevated by powerful <i>connection</i>.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>At the head of a strong parliamentary
<i>connection</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose names, forces, <i>connections</i>, and
characters were perfectly known to him.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>In this connection</b></col>, <cd>in connection with
this subject. [A phrase objected to by some writers.]</cd></p>

<p>&fist; This word was formerly written, as by Milton, with
<i>x</i> instead of <i>t</i> in the termination,
<i>connexion</i>, and the same thing is true of the kindred words
<i>inflexion</i>, <i>reflexion</i>, and the like. But the general
usage at present is to spell them <i>connection</i>,
<i>inflection</i>, <i>reflection</i>, etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Union; coherence; continuity; junction;
association; dependence; intercourse; commerce; communication;
affinity; relationship.</p>

<p><hw>Con*nect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Connecting, or adapted to connect; involving
connection.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Connection tissue</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Conjunctive tissue</i>, under <u>Conjunctive</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*nect"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
connects</def>. Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>A word that connect words or sentences; a conjunction or
preposition.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That
part of an anther which connects its thec&aelig;, lobes, or
cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*nect"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
connjunction; jointly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*nect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, connects</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
flexible tube for connecting the ends of glass tubes in pneumatic
experiments.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A device for holding
two parts of an electrical conductor in contact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Cunner</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine European fish
(<i>Crenilabrus melops</i>); also, the related American cunner.
See <u>Cunner</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*nex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>connexus</i>, p. p. See <u>Connect</u>.] <def>To
connect.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*nex"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>connexio</i>: cf. F. <i>connexion</i>.] <def>Connection. See
<u>Connection</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*nex"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Connective</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"ning tow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
shot-proof pilot house of a war vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*niv"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>connivence</i>, L. <i>conniventia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Intentional failure or forbearance to discover a fault or
wrongdoing; voluntary oversight; passive consent or
co&ouml;peration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Corrupt or guilty assent
to wrongdoing, not involving actual participation in, but
knowledge of, and failure to prevent or oppose it.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Collusion</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*nive"</hw> (k&obreve;n*n&imacr;v"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Connived</u> (-
n&imacr;vd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Conniving</u>.] [L. <i>connivere</i> to shut the eyes,
connive, fr. <i>con-</i> + (perh.) a word akin to <i>nicere</i>
to beckon, <i>nictare</i> to wink.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
open and close the eyes rapidly; to wink.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The artist is to teach them how to nod
judiciously, and to <i>connive</i> with either eye.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To close the eyes upon a fault; to
wink (at); to fail or forbear by intention to discover an act; to
permit a proceeding, as if not aware of it; -- usually followed
by <i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>connive</i> at what it does not approve.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In many of these, the directors were heartily
concurring; in most of them, they were encouraging, and sometimes
commanding; in all they were <i>conniving</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The government thought it expedient, occasionally,
to <i>connive</i> at the violation of this rule.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*nive"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shut the
eyes to; to overlook; to pretend not to see.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.]
"Divorces were not <i>connived</i> only, but with eye open
allowed."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*niv"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Connivance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*niv"ent</hw> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>connivens</i>, p. pr.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Forbearing to
see; designedly inattentive; as, <i>connivent</i> justice.</def>
[R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Brought close together;
arched inward so that the points meet; converging; in close
contact; as, the <i>connivent</i> petals of a flower, wings of an
insect, or folds of membrane in the human system, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*niv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
connives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`nois*seur"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>connaisseur</i>, formerly <i>connoisseur</i>, fr.
<i>conna&icirc;tre</i> to know, fr. L. <i>cognoscere</i> to
become acquainted with; <i>co-</i> + <i>noscere</i>,
<i>gnoscere</i>, to learn to know. See <u>Know</u>, <u>amd
cf</u>. <u>Cognizor</u>.] <def>One well versed in any subject; a
skillful or knowing person; a critical judge of any art,
particulary of one of the fine arts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>connoisseur</i> is "one who knows," as
opposed to the dilettant, who only "thinks he knows."<BR>
<i>Fairholt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`nois*seur"ship</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>State of being a connoisseur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"no*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>con-
</i> + <i>notatus</i>, p. p.of <i>notare</i> to mark. Cf.
<u>Connote</u>.] <def>To connote; to suggest or designate
(something) as additional; to include; to imply.</def>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`no*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>connotation</i>.] <def>The act of connoting; a making known or
designating something additional; implication of something more
than is asserted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*no"ta*tive</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Implying something additional;
illative.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Log.)</i> <def>Implying an attribute.
See <u>Connote</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Connotative term</b></col>, <cd>one which denotes a
subject and implies an attribute.</cd>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*no"ta*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
connotative manner; expressing connotation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*note"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Connoted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Connoting</u>.] [See <u>Connotate</u>, and
<u>Note</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark along with; to
suggest or indicate as additional; to designate by implication;
to include in the meaning; to imply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good, in the general notion of it, <i>connotes</i>
also a certain suitableness of it to some other thing.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>To imply as an
attribute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word "white" denotes all white things, as
snow, paper, the foam of the sea, etc., and ipmlies, or as it was
termed by the schoolmen, <i>connotes</i>, the attribute
"whiteness."<BR>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*nu"bi*al</hw> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>connubialis</i>, fr. <i>connubium</i> marriage; <i>con-</i> +
<i>nubere</i> to veil, to marry. See <u>Nupital</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to marriage, or the marriage state; conjugal;
nuptial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor Eve the rites<BR>
Mysterious of <i>connubial</i> love refused.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Kind, <i>connubial</i> tenderness.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*nu`bi*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being connubial; something characteristics of the
conjugal state; an expression of connubial tenderness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>connubialities</i> which had begun to pass
between Mr. and Mrs. B.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*nu`mer*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>connumeratio</i>, fr. L. <i>connumerare</i>, <i>-
numeratum</i>, to number with.] <def>A reckoning together.</def>
[R.]  <i>Porson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"nu*sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>See <u>Cognizance</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"nu*sant</hw> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>See <u>Cognizant</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con`nu*sor"</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>See <u>Cognizor</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con`nu*tri"tious</hw> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Nutritious by force of habit; -- said of certain kinds of
food.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [&radic;45. Cf.
<u>Canny</u>, <u>Gunning</u>.] <def>Brave; fine; canny.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"no*dont</hw> (k&omacr;"n&osl;*d&obreve;nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kw^nos</grk> cone +
<grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, tooth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A peculiar toothlike fossil of many
forms, found especially in carboniferous rocks. Such fossils are
supposed by some to be the teeth of marsipobranch fishes, but
they are probably the jaws of annelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"noid</hw> (k&omacr;"noid), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kwnoeidh`s</grk> conical; <grk>kw^nos</grk> cone +
<grk>e'i^dos</grk> form: cf. F. <i>cono&iuml;de</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything that has a form resembling that
of a cone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
solid formed by the revolution of a conic section about its axis;
as, a parabolic <i>conoid</i>, elliptic conoid, etc.; -- more
commonly called <i>paraboloid</i>, <i>ellipsoid</i>, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A surface which may be generated by a
straight line moving in such a manner as always to meet a given
straight line and a given curve, and continue parallel to a given
plane.</def>  <i>Math. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"noid</hw> <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a cone;
conoidal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*noid"al</hw> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cono&iuml;dal</i>.] <def>Nearly, but not exactly,
conical.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Co*noid"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Co*noid"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a conoid; having the form
of a conoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*nom`i*nee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
nominated in conjunction with another; a joint nominee.</def>
<i>Kirby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*quad"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conquadratus</i>, p. p. of <i>conquadrare</i>.] <def>To bring
into a square.</def> [R.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*quas"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conquassatus</i>, p. p. of <i>conquassare</i>.] <def>To shake;
to agitate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con`quas*sa"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"quer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conquered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Conquering</u>.] [OF. <i>conquerre</i>, F.
<i>conqu&eacute;rir</i>, fr. L. <i>conquirere</i>, <i>-
quisitum</i>, to seek or search for, to bring together, LL., to
conquer; <i>con-</i> + <i>quaerere</i> to seek. See
<u>Quest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To gain or acquire by
force; to take possession of by violent means; to gain dominion
over; to subdue by physical means; to reduce; to overcome by
force of arms; to cause to yield; to vanquish.</def> "If thou
<i>conquer</i> Rome."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If we be <i>conquer'd</i>, let men <i>conquer</i>
us.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>conquered</i> France, but felt our captive's
charms.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subdue or overcome by mental or
moral power; to surmount; as, to <i>conquer</i> difficulties,
temptation, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By winning words to <i>conquer</i> hearts,<BR>
And make persuasion do the work of fear.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To gain or obtain, overcoming
obstacles in the way; to win; as, to <i>conquer</i> freedom; to
<i>conquer</i> a peace.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To subdue; vanquish; overcome; overpower;
overthrow; defeat; rout; discomfit; subjugate; reduce; humble;
crush; surmount; subject; master.  -- <u>To Conquer</u>,
<u>Vanquish</u>, <u>Subdue</u>, <u>Subjugate</u>,
<u>Overcome</u>. These words agree in the general idea expressed
by <i>overcome</i>, -- that of bringing under one's power by the
exertion of force. <i>Conquer</i> is wider and more general than
<i>vanquish</i>, denoting usually a succession of conflicts.
<i>Vanquish</i> is more individual, and refers usually to a
single conflict. Thus, Alexander <i>conquered</i> Asia in a
succession of battles, and <i>vanquished</i> Darius in one
decisive engagement. <i>Subdue</i> implies a more gradual and
continual pressure, but a surer and more final subjection. We
speak of a nation as <i>subdued</i> when its spirit is at last
broken, so that no further resistance is offered.
<i>Subjugate</i> is to bring completely under the yoke of
bondage. The ancient Gauls were never finally <i>subdued</i> by
the Romans until they were completely <i>subjugated</i>. These
words, when used figuratively, have correspondent meanings. We
<i>conquer</i> our prejudices or aversions by a succesion of
conflicts; but we sometimes <i>vanquish</i> our reluctance to
duty by one decided effort: we endeavor to <i>subdue</i> our evil
propensities by watchful and persevering exertions.
<i>Subjugate</i> is more commonly taken in its primary meaning,
and when used figuratively has generally a bad sense; as, his
reason was completely <i>subjugated</i> to the sway of his
passions.</p>

<p><hw>Con"quer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gain
the victory; to overcome; to prevail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He went forth <i>conquering</i> and to
<i>conquer</i>.<BR>
<i>Rev. vi. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The champions resolved to <i>conquer</i> or to
die.<BR>
<i>Waller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*quer*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being conquered or subdued.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con"quer*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con"quer*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
conquers.</def>  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"quer*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>conquereor</i>, fr. <i>conquerre</i>,] <def>One who
conquers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Conqueror</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>.
<cd>William the Norman (1027-1067) who invaded England, defeated
Harold in the battle of Hastings, and was crowned king, in
1066.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"quest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>conquest</i>, <i>conqueste</i>, F. <i>conqu&ecirc;te</i>, LL.
<i>conquistum</i>, <i>conquista</i>, prop. p. p. from L.
<i>conquirere</i>. See <u>Conquer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of conquering, or acquiring by force; the
act of overcoming or subduing opposition by force, whether
physical or moral; subjection; subjugation; victory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>In joys of conquest</i> he resigns his
breath.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Three years sufficed for the <i>conquest</i> of
the country.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is conquered; possession
gained by force, physical or moral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore rejoice? What <i>conquest</i> brings he
home?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>The acquiring of
property by other means than by inheritance; acquisition.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of gaining or regaining by
successful struggle; as, the <i>conquest</i> of liberty or
peace.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Conquest</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>the
subjugation of England by William of Normandy in 1066.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Victory; triumph; mastery; reduction;
subjugation; subjection.</p>

<p><hw>Con`san*guin"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
the same blood; related by birth.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*san"guined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of kin
blood; related.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`san*guin"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conguineus</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>sanguis</i> blood: cf. F.
<i>consanguin</i>. See <u>Sanquine</u>.] <def>Of the same blood;
related by birth; descended from the same parent or
ancestor.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`san*guin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consanguinitas</i>: cf. F. <i>consanguintit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The relation of persons by blood, in distinction from
<i>affinity</i> or relation by marriage; blood relationship; as,
lineal <i>consanguinity</i>; collateral
<i>consanguinity</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Invoking aid by the ties of
<i>consanguinity</i>.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sar`ci*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consarcinare</i>, <i>-natum</i>, to patch together.] <def>A
patching together; patchwork.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"science</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>conscience</i>, fr. L. <i>conscientia</i>, fr. consciens, p.
pr. of conscire to know, to be conscious; <i>con-</i> +
<i>scire</i> to know. See <u>Science</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Knowledge of one's own thoughts or actions;
consciousness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sweetest cordial we receive, at last,<BR>
Is <i>conscience</i> of our virtuous actions past.<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The faculty, power, or inward
principle which decides as to the character of one's own actions,
purposes, and affections, warning against and condemning that
which is wrong, and approving and prompting to that which is
right; the moral faculty passing judgment on one's self; the
moral sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>conscience</i> hath a thousand several
tongues,<BR>
And every tongue brings in a several tale,<BR>
And every tale condemns me for a villain.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>science</i> means <i>knowledge</i>,
<i>conscience</i> etymologically means <i>self-knowledge</i> . .
. But the English word implies a moral standard of action in the
mind as well as a consciousness of our own actions. . . .
<i>Conscience</i> is the reason, employed about questions of
right and wrong, and accompanied with the sentiments of
approbation and condemnation.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The estimate or determination of
conscience; conviction or right or duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conscience</i> supposes the existence of some
such [<i>i.e.</i>, moral] faculty, and properly signifies our
consciousness of having acted agreeably or contrary to its
directions.<BR>
<i>Adam Smith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Tenderness of feeling; pity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Conscience clause</b></col>, <cd>a clause in a general
law exempting persons whose religious scruples forbid compliance
therewith, -- as from taking judicial oaths, rendering military
service, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Conscience money</b></col>,
<cd>stolen or wrongfully acquired money that is voluntarily
restored to the rightful possessor. Such money paid into the
United States treasury by unknown debtors is called the
<i>Conscience fund</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Court of
Conscience</b></col>, <cd>a court established for the recovery of
small debts, in London and other trading cities and
districts.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>In
conscience</b></col>, <col><b>In all conscience</b></col>, <cd>in
deference or obedience to conscience or reason; in reason;
reasonably.</cd> "This is enough <i>in conscience</i>."
<i>Howell.</i> "Half a dozen fools are, <i>in all conscience</i>,
as many as you should require." <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>To make
conscience of</b></col>, <col><b>To make a matter of
conscience</b></col>, <cd>to act according to the dictates of
conscience concerning (any matter), or to scruple to act contrary
to its dictates.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"scienced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
conscience.</def> [R.] "Soft-<i>conscienced</i> men."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"science*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
conscience; indifferent to conscience; unscrupulous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conscienceless</i> and wicked patrons.<BR>
<i>Hookre.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"scient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consciens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr.] <def>Conscious.</def>
[R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`sci*en"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>consciencieux</i>, LL. <i>conscientiosus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Influenced by conscience; governed by a
strict regard to the dictates of conscience, or by the known or
supposed rules of right and wrong; -- said of a person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The advice of wise and <i>conscientious</i>
men.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 306 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by a regard to
conscience; conformed to the dictates of conscience; -- said of
actions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A holy and <i>conscientious</i> course.<BR>
<i>Abp. Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Scrupulous; exact; faithful; just; upright.</p>

<p><hw>Con`sci*en"tious*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a conscientious manner; as a matter of conscience; hence;
faithfully; accurately; completely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`sci*en"tious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being conscientious; a scrupulous regard to the
dictates of conscience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"scion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Irregularly formed fr. <i>conscience</i>.] <def>Governed by, or
according to, conscience; reasonable; just.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let my debtors have <i>conscionable</i>
satisfaction.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"scion*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being conscionable; reasonableness.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"scion*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Reasonably; justly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"scious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conscius</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>scire</i> to know. See
<u>Conscience</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing the
faculty of knowing one's own thoughts or mental
operations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some are thinking or <i>conscious</i> beings, or
have a power of thought.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessing knowledge, whether by
internal, conscious experience or by external observation;
cognizant; aware; sensible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>conscious</i> heart imputed suspicion where
none could have been felt.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The man who breathes most healthilly is least
<i>conscious</i> of his own breathing.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Made the object of consciousness;
known to one's self; as, <i>conscious</i> guilt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>conscious</i> terrors vex me round.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Aware; apprised; sensible; felt; known.</p>

<p><hw>Con"scious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
conscious manner; with knowledge of one's own mental operations
or actions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"scious*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being conscious; knowledge
of one's own existence, condition, sensations, mental operations,
acts, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Consciousness</i> is thus, on the one hand, the
recognition by the mind or "ego" of its acts and affections; --
in other words, the self-affirmation that certain modifications
are known by me, and that these modifications are mine.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Immediate knowledge or perception of
the presence of any object, state, or sensation. See the Note
under <u>Attention</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Annihilate the <i>consciousness</i> of the object,
you annihilate the <i>consciousness</i> of the operation.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And, when the steam<BR>
Which overflowed the soul had passed away,<BR>
A <i>consciousness</i> remained that it had left.<BR>
 . . . images and precious thoughts<BR>
That shall not die, and can not be destroyed.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>consciousness</i> of wrong brought with it
the <i>consciousness</i> of weakness.<BR>
<i>Froude.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Feeling, persuasion, or expectation;
esp., inward sense of guilt or innocence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An honest mind is not in the power of a dishonest:
to break its peace there must be some guilt or
<i>consciousness</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conscribere</i>. See <u>Conscript</u>.] <def>To enroll; to
enlist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"script</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conscriptus</i>, p. p. of <i>conscribere</i> to write
together, to enroll; <i>con-</i> + <i>scribere</i> to write. See
<u>Scribe</u>.] <def>Enrolled; written; registered.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Conscript fathers</b></col> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>,
<cd>the senators of ancient Rome. When certain new senators were
first enrolled with the "fathers" the body was called <i>Patres
et Conscripti</i>; afterward all were called <i>Patres
conscripti</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"script</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One taken by
lot, or compulsorily enrolled, to serve as a soldier or
sailor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*script"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
enroll, by compulsion, for military service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*scrip"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conscriptio</i>: cf. F. <i>conscription</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An enrolling or registering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>conscription</i> of men of war.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A compulsory enrollment of men for
military or naval service; a draft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*scrip"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Belonging to, or of the nature of, a conspiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"se*crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consceratus</i>, p. p. of <i>conscerare</i> to conscerate;
<i>con-</i> + <i>sacrare</i> to consecrate, <i>sacer</i> sacred.
See <u>Sacred</u>.] <def>Consecrated; devoted; dedicated;
sacred.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were assembled in that <i>consecrate</i>
place.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"se*crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Consecrated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Consecrating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make, or declare to be, sacred; to appropriate to sacred
uses; to set apart, dedicate, or devote, to the service or
worship of God; as, to <i>consecrate</i> a church; to give (one's
self) unreservedly, as to the service of God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One day in the week is . . . <i>consecrated</i> to
a holy rest.<BR>
<i>Sharp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set apart to a sacred office; as,
to <i>consecrate</i> a bishop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt <i>consecrate</i> Aaron and his
sons.<BR>
<i>Ex. xxix. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To canonize; to exalt to the rank of a
saint; to enroll among the gods, as a Roman emperor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To render venerable or revered; to
hallow; to dignify; as, rules or principles <i>consecrated</i> by
time.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Addict</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con"se*cra`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Consecrator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`se*cra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consecratio</i>: cf. F. <i>cons&eacute;cration</i>.] <def>The
act or ceremony of consecrating; the state of being consecrated;
dedication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Until the days of your <i>consecration</i> be at
an end.<BR>
<i>Lev. viii. 33.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Consecration</i> makes not a place sacred, but
only solemnly declares it so.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"se*cra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>One who consecrates; one who performs the rites by which a
person or thing is devoted or dedicated to sacred purposes.</def>
[Written also <i>consecrater</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"se*cra*to*ry</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to the act of consecration;
dedicatory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>consecratory</i> prayer.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`sec*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consectaneus</i>.] <def>Following as a matter of course.</def>
 <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"sec*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consectarius</i>, fr. <i>consectari</i> to follow after
eagerly; <i>con-</i> + <i>sectari</i> to follow eagerly, fr.
<i>sequi</i> to follow.] <def>Following by consequence;
consequent; deducible.</def> [R.] "<i>Consectary</i> impieties."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"sec*ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
follows by consequence or is logically deducible; deduction from
premises; corollary.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"se*cute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
follow closely; to endeavor to overtake; to pursue.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`se*cu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consecutio</i>. See <u>Consequent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A following, or sequel; actual or logical dependence.</def>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A succession or series of any
kind.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Month of consecution</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a
month as reckoned from one conjunction of the moon with the sun
to another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*sec"u*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cons&eacute;cutif</i>. See <u>Consequent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Following in a train; succeeding one
another in a regular order; successive; uninterrupted in course
or succession; with no interval or break; as, fifty
<i>consecutive</i> years.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Following as a consequence or result;
actually or logically dependent; consequential;
succeeding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The actions of a man <i>consecutive</i> to
volition.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Having similarity of
sequence; -- said of certain parallel progressions of two parts
in a piece of harmony; as, <i>consecutive</i> fifths, or
<i>consecutive</i> octaves, which are forbidden.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Consecutive chords</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>chords
of the same kind succeeding one another without
interruption.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*sec"u*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
consecutive manner; by way of sequence; successively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sec"u*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being consecutive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consensio</i>.] <def>Agreement; accord.</def>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sen"su*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Consent</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sensual</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Existing, or made, by the
mutual consent of two or more parties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Excited or caused by
sensation, sympathy, or reflex action, and not by conscious
volition; as, <i>consensual</i> motions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Consensual contract</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
contract formed merely by consent, as a marriage
contract.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*sen"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Consent</u>.] <def>Agreement; accord; consent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That traditional <i>consensus</i> of society which
we call public opinion.<BR>
<i>Tylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Consented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n</i></pos> <u>Consenting</u>.] [F. <i>consentir</i>, fr. L.
<i>consentire</i>, <i>-sensum</i>, to feel together, agree;
<i>con-</i> + <i>sentire</i> to feel. See Sense.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To agree in opinion or sentiment; to be
of the same mind; to accord; to concur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Saul was <i>consenting</i> unto his death.<BR>
<i>Acts. viii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Flourishing many years before Wyclif, and much
<i>consenting</i> with him in jugdment.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To indicate or express a willingness;
to yield to guidance, persuasion, or necessity; to give assent or
approval; to comply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My poverty, but not my will, <i>consents</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And whispering "I will ne'er consent," --
<i>consented</i>.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To accede; yield; assent; comply; agree; allow;
concede; permit; admit; concur; acquiesce.</p>

<p><hw>Con*sent"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To grant; to
allow; to assent to; to admit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Interpreters . . . will not <i>consent</i> it to
be a true story.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sent"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>consent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Agreement in opinion or
sentiment; the being of one mind; accord.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All with one <i>consent</i> began to make
excuse.<BR>
<i>Luke xiv. 18.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They fell together all, as by <i>consent</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Correspondence in parts, qualities, or
operations; agreement; harmony; coherence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The melodious <i>consent</i> of the birds.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Such is the world's great harmony that springs<BR>
From union, order, full <i>consent</i> of things.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Voluntary accordance with, or
concurrence in, what is done or proposed by another;
acquiescence; compliance; approval; permission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou wert possessed of David's throne<BR>
By free <i>consent</i> of all.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Capable, deliberate, and
voluntary assent or agreement to, or concurrence in, some act or
purpose, implying physical and mental power and free
action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Sympathy. See
<u>Sympathy</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Assent; acquiescence; concurrence; agreement;
approval; permission. See <u>Assent</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Age of consent</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an age,
fixed by statute and varying in different jurisdictions, at which
one is competent to give consent. Sexual intercourse with a
female child under the age of consent is punishable as
rape.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*sen`ta*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mutual agreement.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con`sen*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consentaneus</i>.] <def>Consistent; agreeable; suitable;
accordant to; harmonious; concurrent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A good law and <i>consentaneous</i> to reason.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con`sen*ta"ne*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Con`sen*ta"ne*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con*sent"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. pr. of
<i>consentir</i>.] <def>Consenting.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sent"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>One who
consents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sen"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consentients</i>, p. pr. See <u>Consent</u>.] <def>Agreeing in
mind; accordant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>consentient</i> judgment of the church.<BR>
<i>Bp. Pearson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sent"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
consent; in a compliant manner.</def>
 <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"se*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
<i>consequentia</i>: cf. F. <i>cons&eacute;quence</i>. See
<u>Consequent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which follows
something on which it depends; that which is produced by a cause;
a result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shun to taste,<BR>
And shun the bitter <i>consequence</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A proposition collected
from the agreement of other previous propositions; any conclusion
which results from reason or argument; inference.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Chain of causes and effects;
consecution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such fatal <i>consequence</i> unites us three.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Link follows link by necessary
<i>consequence</i>.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Importance with respect to what comes
after; power to influence or produce an effect; value; moment;
rank; distinction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a matter of small <i>consequence</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A sense of your own worth and
<i>consequence</i>.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>In consequence</b></col>, <cd>hence; for this
cause.</cd> -- <col><b>In consequence of</b></col>, <cd>by reason
of; as the effect of.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Effect; result; end. See <u>Effect</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con"se*quen`cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Drawing inference.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"se*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consequens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>consequi</i> to
follow; <i>con-</i> + <i>sequi to follow</i>: cf. F.
<i>cons&eacute;quent</i>. See <u>Second</u>, and cf.
<u>Consecution</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Following as a
result, inference, or natural effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The right was <i>consequent</i> to, and built on,
an act perfectly personal.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Following by necessary
inference or rational deduction; as, a proposition
<i>consequent</i> to other propositions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Consequent points</b></col>, <col><b>Consequent
poles</b></col> <i>(Magnetism)</i>, <cd>a number of poles
distributed under certain conditions, along the axis of a
magnetized steel bar, which regularly has but the two poles at
the extremities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"se*quent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which follows, or results from, a cause; a result or
natural effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were ill-governed, which is always a
<i>consequent</i> of ill payment.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>That which follows from
propositions by rational deduction; that which is deduced from
reasoning or argumentation; a conclusion, or inference.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The second term of a
ratio, as the term <i>b</i> in the ratio <i>a:b</i>, the first
<i>a</i>, being the <i>antecedent</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`se*quen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Following as a consequence, result, or
logical inference; consequent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that is revealed in Scripture has a
<i>consequential</i> necessity of being believed . . . because it
is of divine authority.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>These kind of arguments . . . are highly
<i>consequential</i> and concludent to my purpose.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Assuming or exhibiting an air of
consequence; pretending to importance; pompous; self-important;
as, a <i>consequential</i> man. See <u>Consequence</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His stately and <i>consequential</i> pace.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Consequential damage</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Damage so remote as not to be
actionable</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Damage which although
remote is actionable.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Actionable
damage, but not following as an immediate result of an
act.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con`se*quen"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With just deduction of consequence; with
right connection of ideas; logically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The faculty of writing <i>consequentially</i>.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By remote consequence; not
immediately; eventually; as, to do a thing
<i>consequentially</i>.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a regular series; in the order of
cause and effect; with logical concatenation; consecutively;
continuously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>With assumed importance;
pompously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`se*quen"tial*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being consequential.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"se*quent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
consequence; by natural or logical sequence or
connection.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Accordingly</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*ser"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consertio</i>, fr. <i>conserere</i>, <i>-sertum</i> to
connect; <i>con-</i> + <i>serere</i> to join.] <def>Junction;
adaptation</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Consertion</i> of design, how exquisite.<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*serv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conservabilitis</i>.] <def>Capable of being preserved from
decay or injury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*serv"an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Conservation, as from injury, defilement, or irregular
use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[An act was] passed in 1866, for vesting in the
Conservators of the River Thames the <i>conservancy</i> of the
Thames and Isis.<BR>
<i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*serv"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conservans</i>, p. pr.] <def>Having the power or quality of
conservation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`ser*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conservatio</i>: cf. F. <i>conservation</i>.] <def>The act of
preserving, guarding, or protecting; the keeping (of a thing) in
a safe or entire state; preservation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A step necessary for the <i>conservation</i> of
Protestantism.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A state without the means of some change is
without the means of its <i>conservation</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Conservation of areas</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>the principle that the radius vector drawn from a planet to
the sun sweeps over equal areas in equal times.</cd> --
<col><b>Conservation of energy</b></col>, or <col><b>Conservation
of force</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the principle that the
total energy of any material system is a quantity which can
neither be increased nor diminished by any action between the
parts of the system, though it may be transformed into any of the
forms of which energy is susceptible.</cd>  <i>Clerk
Maxwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`ser*va"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tending to conserve; preservative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*serv"a*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>conservatism</i>.] <def>The disposition and tendency to
preserve what is established; opposition to change; the habit of
mind; or conduct, of a conservative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*serv"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>conservatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having power to
preserve in a safe of entire state, or from loss, waste, or
injury; preservative.</def></p>

<p><! p. 307 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending or disposed to maintain
existing institutions; opposed to change or innovation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a political party
which favors the conservation of existing institutions and forms
of government, as the <i>Conservative</i> party in England; --
contradistinguished from <i>Liberal</i> and
<i>Radical</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have always been conscientiously attached to
what is called the Tory, and which might with more propriety be
called the <i>Conservative</i>, party.<BR>
<i>Quart. Rev. (1830).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Conservative system</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a
material system of such a nature that after the system has
undergone any series of changes, and been brought back in any
manner to its original state, the whole work done by external
agents on the system is equal to the whole work done by the
system overcoming external forces.</cd>
 <i>Clerk Maxwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*serv"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, preserves from
ruin, injury, innovation, or radical change; a preserver; a
conserver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Holy Spirit is the great <i>conservative</i>
of the new life.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who desires to maintain existing
institutions and customs; also, one who holds moderate opinions
in politics; -- opposed to <i>revolutionary</i> or
<i>radical</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>A member of the
Conservative party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*serv"a*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being conservative.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con`ser"va*toire`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A public place of instruction in any special branch, esp.
music and the arts. [See <u>Conservatory</u>, 3].</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"ser*va`tor</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.:
cf. F. <i>conservateur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
preserves from injury or violation; a protector; a
preserver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great Creator and <i>Conservator</i> of the
world.<BR>
<i>Derham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
officer who has charge of preserving the public peace, as a
justice or sheriff.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who has an
official charge of preserving the rights and privileges of a
city, corporation, community, or estate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lords of the secret council were likewise made
<i>conservators</i> of the peace of the two kingdoms.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>conservator</i> of the estate of an
idiot.<BR>
<i>Bouvier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Conservators of the River Thames</b></col>, <cd>a
board of commissioners instituted by Parliament to have the
conservancy of the Thames.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*serv"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>conservatoire</i>, LL. <i>conservatorius</i>.] <def>Having the
quality of preserving from loss, decay, or injury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*serv"a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>conservatoire</i>, LL. <i>conservatorium</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which preserves from injury.</def>
[Obs.] "A <i>conservatory</i> of life."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place for preserving anything from
loss, decay, waste, or injury; particulary, a greenhouse for
preserving exotic or tender plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A public place of instruction,
designed to preserve and perfect the knowledge of some branch of
science or art, esp. music.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`ser*va"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
woman who preserves from loss, injury, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*serve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conserved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Conserving</u>.] [F. <i>conserver</i>, L.
<i>conservare</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>servare</i> to keep, guard.
See <u>Serve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep in a safe or
sound state; to save; to preserve; to protect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The amity which . . . they meant to
<i>conserve</i> and maintain with the emperor.<BR>
<i>Strype.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prepare with sugar, etc., for the
purpose of preservation, as fruits, etc.; to make a conserve
of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"serve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>conserve</i>, fr. <i>conserver</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything which is conserved; especially, a sweetmeat
prepared with sugar; a confection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall . . . study broths, plasters, and
<i>conserves</i>, till from a fine lady I become a notable
woman.<BR>
<i>Tatler.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicinal confection
made of freshly gathered vegetable substances mixed with finely
powdered refined sugar. See <u>Confection</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A conservatory.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*serv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
conserves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sid"er</hw> (k&obreve;n*s&ibreve;d"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Considered</u> (-&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Considering</u>.] [F. <i>consid&eacute;rer</i>,
L. <i>considerare</i>, <i>-sideratum</i>, to consider, view
attentively, prob. fr. <i>con-</i> + <i>sidus</i>,
<i>sideris</i>, star, constellation; orig., therefore, to look at
the stars. See <u>Sidereal</u>, and cf. <u>Desire</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fix the mind on, with a view to a
careful examination; to think on with care; to ponder; to study;
to meditate on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>consider</i> thy testimonies.<BR>
<i>Ps. cxix. 95.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Thenceforth to speculations high or deep<BR>
I turned my thoughts, and with capacious mind<BR>
<i>Considered</i> all things visible.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To look at attentively; to observe; to
examine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>considereth</i> a field, and buyeth it.<BR>
<i>Prov. xxxi. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have regard to; to take into view
or account; to pay due attention to; to respect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Consider</i>, sir, the chance of war: the
day<BR>
Was yours by accident.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>England could grow into a posture of being more
united at home, and more <i>considered</i> abroad.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To estimate; to think; to regard; to
view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Considered</i> as plays, his works are
absurd.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The proper sense of <i>consider</i> is often blended
with an idea of the result of <i>considering</i>; as, "Blessed is
he that <i>considereth</i> the poor." <i>Ps. xli. 1.</i>;
<i>i.e.</i>, <i>considers</i> with sympathy and pity. "Which
[services] if I have not enough <i>considered</i>." <i>Shak.</i>;
<i>i.e.</i>, requited as the sufficient <i>considering</i> of
them would suggest. "<i>Consider</i> him liberally."  <i>J.
Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To ponder; weigh; revolve; study; reflect or
meditate on; contemplate; examine. See <u>Ponder</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*sid"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To think seriously; to make examination;
to reflect; to deliberate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We will <i>consider</i> of your suit.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>'T were to <i>consider</i> too curiously, to
<i>consider</i> so.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>She wished she had taken a moment to
<i>consider</i>, before rushing down stairs.<BR>
<i>W. Black</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hesitate.</def> [Poetic &amp; R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sid"er*a*ble</hw>
(k&obreve;n*s&ibreve;d"&etilde;r*&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>consid&eacute;rable</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of consideration; requiring to be
observed, borne in mind, or attended to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>considerable</i>, that some urns have had
inscriptions on them expressing that the lamps were burning.<BR>
<i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Eternity is infinitely the most
<i>considerable</i> duration.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of some distinction; noteworthy;
influential; respectable; -- said of persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are, indeed, a very <i>considerable</i>
man.<BR>
<i>Junius.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of importance or value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In painting, not every action, nor every person,
is <i>considerable</i> enough to enter into the cloth.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>considerable</i> sum of money.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sid"er*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Worthiness of consideration; dignity; value; size;
amount.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sid"er*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner or to a degree not trifling or unimportant; greatly;
much.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The breeds . . . differ <i>considerably</i> from
each other.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sid"er*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>considerantia</i>.] <def>Act of considering;
consideration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sid"er*ate</hw>
(k&obreve;n*s&ibreve;d"&etilde;r*&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>consideratus</i>, p. p.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Given to
consideration or to sober reflection; regardful of consequences
or circumstances; circumspect; careful; esp. careful of the
rights, claims, and feelings of others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of dauntless courage and <i>considerate</i>
pride.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>&AElig;neas is patient, <i>considerate</i>, and
careful of his people.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The wisest and most <i>considerate</i> men in the
world.<BR>
<i>Sharp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having respect to; regardful.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They may be . . . more <i>considerate</i> of
praise.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Thoughtful; reflective; careful; discreet;
prudent; deliberate; serious. See <u>Thoughtful</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Con*sid"er*ate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Con*sid"er*ate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con*sid`er*a"tion</hw>
(k&obreve;n*s&ibreve;d`&etilde;r*&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>consideratio</i>: cf. F.
<i>consid&eacute;ration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or
process of considering; continuous careful thought; examination;
contemplation; deliberation; attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us think with <i>consideration</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Consideration</i>, like an angel, came.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attentive respect; appreciative
regard; -- used especially in diplomatic or stately
correspondence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The undersigned has the honor to repeat to Mr.
Hulseman the assurance of his high <i>consideration</i>.<BR>
<i>D. Webster.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>consideration</i> with which he was
treated.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Thoughtful or sympathetic regard or
notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Consideration</i> for the poor is a doctrine of
the church.<BR>
<i>Newman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Claim to notice or regard; some degree
of importance or consequence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lucan is the only author of <i>consideration</i>
among the Latin poets who was not explained for . . . the
Dauphin.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The result of delibration, or of
attention and examonation; matured opinion; a reflection; as,
<i>considerations</i> on the choice of a profession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which is, or should be, taken
into account as a ground of opinion or action; motive;
reason.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was obliged, antecedent to all other
<i>considerations</i>, to search an asylum.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>considerations</i> which are necessary to
the forming of a correct judgment.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The cause which moves a
contracting party to enter into an agreement; the material cause
of a contract; the price of a stripulation; compensation;
equivalent.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Consideration</i> is what is done, or promised to be
done, in exchange for a promise, and "as a mere advantage to the
promisor without detriment to the promisee would not avail, the
proper test is detriment to the promisee."  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sid"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Considerate; careful; thoughtful.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I love to be <i>considerative</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sid"er*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who considers.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sid"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
considers; a man of reflection; a thinker.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sid"er*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
consideration or deliberation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Consigned</u> 3; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Consigning</u>.] [F. <i>consigner</i>, L.
<i>consignare</i>, <i>-signatu</i>,, to seal or sign; <i>con-</i>
+ <i>signare</i>, fr. <i>signum</i> mark. See <u>Sign</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give, transfer, or deliver, in a
formal manner, as if by signing over into the possession of
another, or into a different state, with the sense of fixedness
in that state, or permanence of possession; as, to <i>consign</i>
the body to the grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the day of general account, good men are to be
<i>consigned</i> over to another state.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give in charge; to commit; to
intrust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Atrides, parting for the Trojan war,<BR>
<i>Consigned</i> the youthful consort to his care.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The four evangelists <i>consigned</i> to writing
that history.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To send or address (by
bill of lading or otherwise) to an agent or correspondent in
another place, to be cared for or sold, or for the use of such
correspondent; as, to <i>consign</i> a cargo or a ship; to
<i>consign</i> goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To assign; to devote; to set
apart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The French commander <i>consigned</i> it to the
use for which it was intended by the donor.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To stamp or impress; to affect.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Consign</i> my spirit with great fear.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To commit; deliver; intrust; resign. See
<u>Commit</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*sign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To submit; to surrender or yield one's
self.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All lovers young, all lovers must<BR>
<i>Consign</i> to thee, and come to dust.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To yield consent; to agree; to
acquiesce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Augment or alter . . . <BR>
And we'll <i>consign</i> thereto.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sig"na*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Consignitary</u>.] <def>A consignee.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jenkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`sig*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consignatio</i> written proof, document: cf. F.
<i>consignation</i> comsignation.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of consigning; the act of delivering or committing to another
person, place, or state.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So is despair a certain <i>consignation</i> to
eternal ruin.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of ratifying or establishing,
as if by signing; confirmation; ratification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A direct <i>consignation</i> of pardon.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stamp; an indication; a sign.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The most certain <i>consignations</i> of an
excellent virtue.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sig"na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Consignitary</u>.] <def>One of several that jointly sign a
written instrument, as a treaty.</def>  <i>Fallows.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sig"na*ture</hw> (?); 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Joint signature.</def> [R.]  <i>Colgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Con"signe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A countersign; a
watchword.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who is orders to
keep within certain limits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`sign*ee"</hw> (?;  277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>consign&?;</i>, p. p. of <i>consigner</i>.] <def>The person to
whom goods or other things are consigned; a factor; --
correlative to <i>consignor</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Consigner and <i>consignee</i> are used by
merchants to express generally the shipper of merchandise, and
the person to whom it is addressed, by bill of lading or
otherwise.<BR>
<i>De Colange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sign"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
consigns. See <u>Consignor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`sig*nif"i*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having joint or equal signification; synonymous.</def> [R.]
<i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sig`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Joint signification.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con`sig*nif"i*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consignificant; jointly significate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*sig"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>con-</i> + <i>sognify</i>.] <def>To signify or denote in
combination with something else.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cipher . . . only serves to connote and
<i>consignify</i>, and to change the value or the figures.<BR>
<i>Horne Tooke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sign"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of consigning;
consignation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The act of consigning or
sending property to an agent or correspondent in another place,
as for care, sale, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>That which is consigned;
the goods or commodities sent or addressed to a consignee at one
time or by one conveyance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To increase your <i>consignments</i> of this
valuable branch of national commerce.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The writing by which anything is
consigned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sign"or</hw> (? or &?;; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who consigns something to another; -- opposed to
<i>consignee</i>.</def> [Written also <i>consigner</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*sil"i*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>con-</i>
+ <i>salire</i> to leap.] <def>Act of concurring; coincidence;
concurrence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>consilience</i> of inductions takes place
when one class of facts coincides with an induction obtained from
another different class.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con`si*mil"i*tude</hw> (?), <hw>Con`si*mil"i*ty</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>consimilitude</i>. See
<u>Similitude</u>.] <def>Common resemblance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Aubrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sist"</hw> (k&obreve;n*s&ibreve;st"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Consisted</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Consisting</u>.] [L.
<i>consistere</i> to stand still or firm; <i>con-</i> +
<i>sistere</i> to stand, cause to stand, <i>stare</i> to stand:
cf. F. <i>consister</i>. See <u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To stand firm; to be in a fixed or permanent state, as a
body composed of parts in union or connection; to hold together;
to be; to exist; to subsist; to be supported and
maintained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is before all things, and by him all things
<i>consist</i>.<BR>
<i>Col. i. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be composed or made up; -- followed
by <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The land would <i>consist</i> of plains and
valleys.<BR>
<i>T. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have as its substance or character,
or as its foundation; to be; -- followed by <i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If their purgation did <i>consist</i> in
words.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A man's life <i>consisteth not in the abundance of
the things which he possesseth</i>.<BR>
<i>Luke xii. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be consistent or harmonious; to be
in accordance; -- formerly used absolutely, now followed by
<i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This was a <i>consisting</i> story.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Health <i>consists</i> with temperance alone.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>For orders and degrees<BR>
Jar not with liberty, but well <i>consist</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To insist; -- followed by
<i>on</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>To Consist</u>, <u>Consist of</u>,
<u>Consist in</u>.  The verb <i>consist</i> is employed chiefly
for two purposes, which are marked and distinguished by the
prepositions used. When we wish to indicate the parts which unite
to compose a thing, we use <i>of</i>; as when we say, "Macaulay's
Miscellanies consist chiefly <i>of</i> articles which were first
published in the Edinburgh Review." When we wish to indicate the
true nature of a thing, or that on which it depends, we use
<i>in</i>; as, "There are some artists whose skill consists
<i>in</i> a certain manner which they have affected." "Our safety
consists <i>in</i> a strict adherence to duty."</p>

<p>{ <hw>Con*sist"ence</hw> (k&obreve;n*s&ibreve;s"t<i>e</i>ns),
<hw>Con*sist"en*cy</hw> (-s&ibreve;s"t<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>consistance</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of standing or adhering
together, or being fixed in union, as the parts of a body;
existence; firmness; coherence; solidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Water, being divided, maketh many circles, till it
restore itself to the natural <i>consistence</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We are as water, weak, and of no
<i>consistence</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The same form, substance, and
<i>consistency</i>.<BR>
<i>T. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A degree of firmness, density, or
spissitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the expressed juices be boiled into the
<i>consistence</i> of a sirup.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 308 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which stands together as a united
whole; a combination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The church of God, as meaning the whole
<i>consistence</i> of orders and members.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Firmness of constitution or character;
substantiality; durability; persistency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His friendship is of a noble make and a lasting
<i>consistency</i>.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Agreement or harmony of all parts of a
complex thing among themselves, or of the same thing with itself
at different times; the harmony of conduct with profession;
congruity; correspondence; as, the <i>consistency</i> of laws,
regulations, or judicial decisions; <i>consistency</i> of
opinions; <i>consistency</i> of conduct or of
character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>consistency</i> of behavior whereby he
inflexibly pursues those measures which appear the most just.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Consistency</i>, thou art a jewel.<BR>
<i>Popular Saying.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consistens</i>, p. pr.: cf. F. <i>consistant</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing firmness or fixedness; firm;
hard; solid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The humoral and <i>consistent</i> parts of the
body.<BR>
<i>Harvey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having agreement with itself or with
something else; having harmony among its parts; possesing unity;
accordant; harmonious; congruous; compatible; uniform; not
contradictory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Show me one that has it in his power<BR>
To act <i>consistent</i> with himself an hour.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>With reference to such a lord, to serve and to be
free are terms not <i>consistent</i> only, but equivalent.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Living or acting in conformity with
one's belief or professions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was utterly to be at once a <i>consistent</i>
Quaker and a conspirator.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sist"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
consistent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`sis*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>consistorial</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
consistory.</def> "<i>Consistorial</i> laws." <i>Hooker.</i>
"<i>Consistorial</i> courts." <i>Bp. Hoadley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`sis*to"rian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to a Presbyterian consistory; -- a contemptuous
term of 17th century controversy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You fall next on the <i>consistorian</i>
schismatics; for so you call Presbyterians.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sis"to*ry</hw> (? or ?; 277) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Consistories</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>consistorium</i> a place of assembly, the place where the
emperor's council met, fr. <i>consistere</i>: cf. F.
<i>consistoire</i>, It. <i>consistorio</i>. See <u>Consist</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Primarily, a place of standing or staying
together; hence, any solemn assembly or council.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To council summons all his mighty peers,<BR>
Within thick clouds and dark tenfold involved,<BR>
A gloomy <i>consistory</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Ch.)</i> <def>The spiritual court
of a diocesan bishop held before his chancellor or commissioner
in his cathedral church or elsewhere.</def>  <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>An assembly of
prelates; a session of the college of cardinals at
Rome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pius was then hearing of causes in
<i>consistory</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A church tribunal or governing
body.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In some churches, as the Dutch Reformed in America, a
<i>consistory</i> is composed of the minister and elders of an
individual church, corresponding to a Presbyterian church
session, and in others, as the Reformed church in France, it is
composed of ministers and elders, corresponding to a presbytery.
In some Lutheran countries it is a body of clerical and lay
officers appointed by the sovereign to superintend ecclesiastical
affairs.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A civil court of justice.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sis"to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of, or pertaining to, a consistory.</def> "To hold
<i>consistory</i> session."  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*so"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consociatus</i>, p. p. of <i>consociare</i> to associate,
unite; <i>con-</i> + <i>sociare</i> to join, unite. See
<u>Social</u>.] <def>An associate; an accomplice.</def> [Archaic]
"Wicked <i>consociates</i>."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*so"ci*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Consociated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Consociating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bring into alliance, confederacy, or relationship; to bring
together; to join; to unite.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Join pole to pole, <i>consociate</i> severed
worlds.<BR>
<i>Mallet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite in an ecclesiastical
consociation.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*so"ci*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be allied, confederated, or
associated; to coalescence.</def> [R.]  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form an ecclesiastical
consociation.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*so`ci*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consociatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Intimate union;
fellowship; alliance; companionship; confederation; association;
intimacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A friendly <i>consociation</i> with your kindred
elements.<BR>
<i>Warburton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A voluntary and permanent council or
union of neighboring Congregational churches, for mutual advice
and co&ouml;peration in ecclesiastical matters; a meeting of
pastors and delegates from churches thus united.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Connecticut some of the Congregational churhes are
associated in <i>consociations</i> and the others in
conferences.</p>

<p><hw>Con*so`ci*a"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to a consociation.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*sol"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consolabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>consolable</i>.] <def>Capable of
receiving consolation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"so*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consolatus</i>, p. p. See <u>Console</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>To console; to comfort.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`so*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consolatio</i>: cf. F. <i>consolation</i>.] <def>The act of
consoling; the state of being consoled; allevation of misery or
distress of mind; refreshment of spirit; comfort; that which
consoles or comforts the spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Against such cruelties<BR>
With inward <i>consolations</i> recompensed.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Are the <i>consolations</i> of God small with
thee?<BR>
<i>Job xv. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Comfort; solace; allevation. See
<u>Comfort</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Con`so*la"to del ma"re</hw> (?). [It., the consulate of
the sea.] <def>A collection of maritime laws of disputed origin,
supposed to have been first published at Barcelona early in the
14th century. It has formed the basis of most of the subsequent
collections of maritime laws.</def>  <i>Kent.</i>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"so*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who consoles or comforts.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sol"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consolatorius</i>.] <def>Of a consoling or comforting
nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The punishment of tyrants is a noble and awful act
of justice; and it has with truth been said to be
<i>consolatory</i> to the human mind.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sol"a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
consoles; a speech or writing intended for consolation.</def>
[R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sole"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Consoled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Consoling</u>.] [L. <i>consolari</i>,. p. p.
<i>consolatus</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>solari</i> to console,
comfort: cf. F. <i>consoler</i>. See <u>Solace</u>.] <def>To
cheer in distress or depression; to alleviate the grief and raise
the spirits of; to relieve; to comfort; to soothe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And empty heads <i>console</i> with empty
sound.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I am much <i>consoled</i> by the reflection that
the religion of Christ has been attacked in vain by all the wits
and philosophers, and its triumph has been complete.<BR>
<i>P. Henry.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To comfort; solace; soothe; cheer; sustain;
encourage; support. See <u>Comfort</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con"sole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bracket whose
projection is not more than half its height.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any small bracket; also, a console
table.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Console table</b></col>, <cd>a table whose top is
supported by two or more consoles instead of legs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*sol"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gives consolation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sol"i*dant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consolidans</i>, p. pr. of <i>consolidare</i>: cf. F.
<i>consolidant</i>.] <def>Serving to unite or consolidate; having
the quality of consolidating or making firm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sol"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consolidatus</i>, p. pr. of <i>consolidare</i> to make firm;
<i>con-</i> + <i>solidare</i> to make firm; <i>solidus</i> solid.
See <u>Solid</u>, and cf. <u>Consound</u>.] <def>Formed into a
solid mass; made firm; consolidated.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A gentleman [should learn to ride] while he is
tender and the brawns and sinews of his thighs not fully
<i>consolidate</i>.<BR>
<i>Elyot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sol"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Consolidated</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Consolidating</u> (?).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make solid; to unite or press together
into a compact mass; to harden or make dense and firm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He fixed and <i>consolidated</i> the earth.<BR>
<i>T. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite, as various particulars, into
one mass or body; to bring together in close union; to combine;
as, to <i>consolidate</i> the armies of the republic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Consolidating</i> numbers into unity.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>To unite by means of
applications, as the parts of a broken bone, or the lips of a
wound.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To unite; combine; harden; compact; condense;
compress.</p>

<p><hw>Con*sol"i*date</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow
firm and hard; to unite and become solid; as, moist clay
<i>consolidates</i> by drying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In hurts and ulcers of the head, dryness maketh
them more apt to <i>consolidate</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sol"i*da`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made solid, hard, or compact; united;
joined; solidified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Aggregate Fund . . . consisted of a great
variety of taxes and surpluses of taxes and duties which were [in
1715] <i>consolidated</i>.<BR>
<i>Rees.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A mass of partially <i>consolidated</i> mud.<BR>
<i>Tyndall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a small surface
in proportion to bulk, as in the cactus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Consolidated</i> plants are evidently adapted
and designed for very dry regions; in such only they are
found.<BR>
<i>Gray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>The Consolidated Fund</b></col>, <cd>a British fund
formed by consolidating (in 1787) three public funds (the
Aggregate Fund, the General Fund, and the South Sea Fund). In
1816, the larger part of the revenues of Great Britian and
Ireland was assigned to what has been known as <i>the
Consolidated Fund of the United Kingdom</i>, out of which are
paid the interest of the national debt, the salaries of the civil
list, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*sol`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consolidatio</i> a confirming: cf. F. <i>consolidation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of consolidating,
making firm, or uniting; the state of being consolidated;
solidification; combination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>consolidation</i> of the marble and of the
stone did not fall out at random.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>consolidation</i> of the great European
monarchies.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>To organic cohesion of
different circled in a flower; adnation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The combination of
several actions into one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sol"i*da*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>consolidatif</i>.] <def>Tending or having power to
consolidate; healing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sol"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted to
console or comfort; cheering; as, this is <i>consoling</i>
news.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"sols</hw> (? or &?;; 277), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [A
contraction of <i>consol</i>idated (annuities).] <def>The leading
British funded government security.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A considerable part of the public debt of Great
Britian, which had been contracted in the form of annuities
yielding various rates of interest, was, in 1757, consolidated
into one fund at 3 per cent interest, the account of which is
kept at the Bank of England. This debt has been diminished and
increased at different times, and now constitutes somewhat more
than half of the entire national debt. The stocks are
transferable, and Their value in the market constantly
fluctuates; the price at any time being regarded as a gauge of
the national prosperity and public confidence.</p>

<p><hw>||Con`som`m"&eacute;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
lit. p. p. of <i>consommer</i> to finish.] <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>A clear soup or bouillion boiled down so as to be very
rich.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con"so*nance</hw> (?), <hw>Con"so*nan*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>consonantia</i>: cf. F.
<i>consonnance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Accord
or agreement of sounds produced simultaneously, as a note with
its third, fifth, and eighth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Agreement or congruity; harmony;
accord; consistency; suitableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The perfect <i>consonancy</i> of our persecuted
church to the doctrines of Scripture and antiquity.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The optic nerve responds to the waves with which
it is in <i>consonance</i>.<BR>
<i>Tyndall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Friendship; concord.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By the <i>consonancy</i> of our youth.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Agreement; accord; consistency; unison;
harmony; congruity; suitableness; agreeableness.</p>

<p><hw>Con"so*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consonans</i>, <i>-antis</i>; p. pr. of <i>consonare</i> to
sound at the same time, agree; <i>con-</i> + <i>sonare</i> to
sound: cf. F. <i>consonnant</i>. See <u>Sound</u> to make a
noise.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having agreement; congruous;
consistent; according; -- usually followed by <i>with</i> or
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each one pretends that his opinion . . . is
<i>consonant</i> to the words there used.<BR>
<i>Bp. Beveridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That where much is given there shall be much
required is a thing <i>consonant</i> with natural equity.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having like sounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Consonant</i> words and syllables.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>harmonizing together;
accordant; as, <i>consonant</i> tones, <i>consonant</i>
chords.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to consonants; made
up of, or containing many, consonants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No Russian whose dissonant <i>consonant</i>
name<BR>
Almost shatters to fragments the trumpet of fame.<BR>
<i>T. Moore.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"so*nant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consonans</i>, <i>-antis</i>.] <def>An articulate sound which
in utterance is usually combined and sounded with an open sound
called a vowel; a member of the spoken alphabet other than a
vowel; also, a letter or character representing such a
sound.</def></p>

<p>Consonants are divided into various classes, as mutes,
spirants, sibilants, nasals, semivowels, etc. All of them are
sounds uttered through a closer position of the organs than that
of a vowel proper, although the most open of them, as the
semivowels and nasals, are capable of being used as if vowels,
and forming syllables with other closer consonants, as in the
English <i>feeble</i> (-b'l), <i>taken</i> (-k'n). All the
consonants excepting the mutes may be indefinitely, prolonged in
utterance without the help of a vowel, and even the mutes may be
produced with an aspirate instead of a vocal explosion. Vowels
and consonants may be regarded as the two poles in the scale of
sounds produced by gradual approximation of the organ, of speech
from the most open to the closest positions, the vowel being more
open, the consonant closer; but there is a territory between them
where the sounds produced partake of the qualities of both.</p>

<p>&fist; "A <i>consonant</i> is the result of audible friction,
squeezing, or stopping of the breath in some part of the mouth
(or occasionally of the throath.) The main distinction between
vowels and consonants is, that while in the former the mouth
configuration merely modifies the vocalized breath, which is
therefore an essential element of the vowels, in consonants the
narrowing or stopping of the oral passage is the foundation of
the sound, and the state of the glottis is something secondary."
<i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`so*nan"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of a consonant; pertaining to consonants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"so*nant*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
change into, or use as, a consonant.</def> "The vowel is
<i>consonantized</i>, that is, made closer in position."
<i>Peile.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"so*nant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
consonant, consistent, or congruous manner; agreeably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"so*nant*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or condition of being consonant, agreeable, or
consistent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"so*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consonus</i>. See <u>Consonant</u>.] <def>Agreeing in sound;
symphonious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*so`pi*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of sleeping, or of lulling, to sleep.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"so*pite</hw> (k&obreve;n"s&osl;*p&imacr;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>consopitus</i>, p. p. of
<i>consopire</i>.] <def>Lulled to sleep.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"so*pite</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lull to
sleep; to quiet; to compose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The operation of the masculine faculties of the
soul were, for a while, well slacked and <i>consopited</i>.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"sort</hw> (k&obreve;n"s&ocirc;rt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>consore</i>, <i>-sortis</i>; <i>con-
</i> + <i>sors</i> lot, fate, share. See <u>Sort</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who shares the lot of another; a
companion; a partner; especially, a wife or husband.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He single chose to live, and shunned to wed,<BR>
Well pleased to want a <i>consort</i> of his bed.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>consort</i> of the queen has passed from
this troubled sphere.<BR>
<i>Thakeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The snow-white gander, invariably accompanied by
his darker <i>consort</i>.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A ship keeping company
with another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Concurrence; conjunction; combination;
association; union.</def> "By Heaven's <i>consort</i>."
<i>Fuller.</i> "Working in <i>consort</i>." <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Take it singly, and it carries an air of levity;
but, in <i>consort</i> with the rest, has a meaning quite
different.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [LL. <i>consortium</i>.] <def>An assembly
or association of persons; a company; a group; a combination.
</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In one <i>consort</i>' there sat<BR>
Cruel revenge and rancorous despite,<BR>
Disloyal treason, and heart-burning hate.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord, place me in thy <i>consort</i>.<BR>
<i>Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Perh. confused with <i>concert</i>.]
<def>Harmony of sounds; concert, as of musical instruments.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To make a sad <i>consort</i>';<BR>
Come, let us join our mournful song with theirs.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 309 !></p>

<p><col><b>Prince consort</b></col>, <cd>the husband of a queen
regnant.</cd> -- <col><b>Queen consort</b></col>, <cd>the wife of
a king, as distinguished from a <i>queen regnant</i>, who rules
alone, and a <i>queen dowager</i>, the window of a king.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*sort"</hw> (k&obreve;n*s&ocirc;rt"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Consorted</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Consorting</u>.] <def>To
unite or to keep company; to associate; -- used with
<i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which of the Grecian chiefs <i>consorts</i> with
thee?<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sort"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To unite or join, as in affection, harmony, company,
marriage, etc.; to associate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He with his <i>consorted</i> Eve.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>For all that pleasing is to living ears<BR>
Was there <i>consorted</i> in one harmony.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He begins to <i>consort</i> himself with men.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attend; to accompany.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou, wretched boy, that didst <i>consort</i> him
here,<BR>
Shalt with him hence.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sort"a*ble</hw> (k&obreve;n*s&ocirc;rt"&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable for association or
companionship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sor"tion</hw> (k&obreve;n*s&ocirc;r"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>consortio</i>.] <def>Fellowship;
association; companionship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"sort*ship</hw> (k&obreve;n"s&ocirc;rt*sh&ibreve;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of a consort; fellowship;
partnership.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"sound</hw> (-sound), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted
fr. F. <i>consoude</i>, fr L. <i>consolida</i> comfrey (so called
because supposed to have healing power); <i>con-</i> +
<i>solidus</i> solid, <i>consolidare</i> to make solid. Cf.
<u>Comfrey</u>, <u>Consolidate</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name
applied loosely to several plants of different genera, esp. the
comfrey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`spe*cif"ic</hw>
(k&obreve;n`sp&esl;*s&ibreve;f"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of the same species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`spec*tu"i*ty</hw> (-
sp&ebreve;k*t&umacr;"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Conspectuities</b></plw> (-t&ibreve;z).
<def>The faculty of seeing; sight; eye.</def> [A word of
Menenius's making. <i>Coriolanus ii. 1</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*spec"tus</hw> (k&obreve;n*sp&ebreve;k"t&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A general sketch or outline of a
subject; a synopsis; an epitome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sper"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conspersio</i>, fr. <i>conspergere</i> to sprinkle.] <def>The
act of sprinkling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>conspersion</i> washing the doorposts.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`spi*cu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being clear or bright; brightness;
conspicuousness.</def> [R.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*spic"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conspicuus</i>, fr. <i>conspicere</i> to get sight of, to
perceive; <i>con-</i> + <i>spicere</i>, <i>specere</i>, to look.
See <u>Spy</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Open to the view; obvious
to the eye; easy to be seen; plainly visible; manifest;
attracting the eye.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was a rock<BR>
Of alabaster, piled up to the clouds,<BR>
<i>Conspicious</i> far.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conspicious</i> by her veil and hood,<BR>
Signing the cross, the abbess stood.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obvious to the mental eye; easily
recognized; clearly defined; notable; prominent; eminent;
distinguished; as, a <i>conspicuous</i> excellence, or
fault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man who holds a <i>conspicuous</i> place in the
political, ecclesiastical, and literary history of England.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Distinguished; eminent; famous; illustrious;
prominent; celebrated. See <u>Distinguished</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Con*spic"u*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Con*spic"u*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con*spir"a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Conspiracies</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Conspiration</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A combination of men for an evil purpose;
an agreement, between two or more persons, to commit a crime in
concert, as treason; a plot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When shapen was all his <i>conspiracy</i><BR>
From point to point.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They made a <i>conspiracy</i> against
[Amaziah].<BR>
<i>2 Kings xiv. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I had forgot that foul
<i>conspiracy</i></blockquote>
<blockquote>Of the beast Caliban and his confederates.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A concurence or general tendency, as
of circumstances, to one event, as if by agreement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>conspiracy</i> in all heavenly and earthly
things.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An agreement, manifesting
itself in words or deeds, by which two or more persons
confederate to do an unlawful act, or to use unlawful to do an
act which is lawful; confederacy.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Combination; plot; cabal.</p>

<p><hw>Con*spir"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conspirans</i>, p. pr. of <i>conspirare</i>: cf. F.
<i>conspirant</i>.] <def>Engaging in a plot to commit a crime;
conspiring.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`spi*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>conspiration</i>, L. <i>conspiratio</i>.] <def>Agreement or
concurrence for some end or purpose; conspiracy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As soon as it was day, certain Jews made a
<i>conspiration</i>.<BR>
<i>Udall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In our natural body every part has a nacassary
sympathy with every other, and all together form, by their
harmonious <i>onspiration</i>, a healthy whole.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*spir"a*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
engages in a conspiracy; a plotter.</def>  <i>2 Sam. xv.
31.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*spire"</hw> (k&obreve;n*sp&imacr;r"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conspired</u> (-
sp&imacr;rd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Conspiring</u>.] [F. <i>conspirer</i>, L. <i>conspirare</i> to
blow together, harmonize, agree, plot; <i>con-</i> +
<i>spirare</i> to breathe, blow. See <u>Spirit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make an agreement, esp. a secret
agreement, to do some act, as to commit treason or a crime, or to
do some unlawful deed; to plot together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>conspired</i> against [Joseph] to slay
him.<BR>
<i>Gen. xxxvii. 18.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>You have <i>conspired</i> against our royal
person,<BR>
Joined with an enemy proclaimed.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To concur to one end; to
agree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The press, the pulpit, and the stage<BR>
<i>Conspire</i> to censure and expose our age.<BR>
<i>Roscommon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To unite; concur; complot; confederate;
league.</p>

<p><hw>Con*spire"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To plot; to
plan; to combine for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Angry clouds <i>conspire</i> your overthrow.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*spir"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
conspires; a conspirator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*spir"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of a conspirator; by conspiracy.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`spis*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conspissatio</i>, fr. <i>conspissare</i> to make thick.]
<def>A making thick or viscous; thickness; inspissation.</def>
[R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*spur"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conspurcatus</i>, p. p. of <i>conspurcare</i>.] <def>To
pollute; to defile.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`spur*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conspurcare</i>, <i>-spuratum</i>, to defile.] <def>The act of
defiling; defilement; pollution.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"sta*ble</hw> (k&ubreve;n"st&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>conestable</i>, <i>constable</i>, a
constable (in sense 1), OF. <i>conestable</i>, F.
<i>conn&eacute;table</i>, LL. <i>conestabulus</i>,
<i>constabularius</i>, <i>comes stabuli</i>, orig., count of the
stable, master of the horse, equerry; <i>comes</i> count (L.
companion) + L. <i>stabulum</i> stable. See <u>Count</u> a
nobleman, and <u>Stable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A high
officer in the monarchical establishments of the Middle
Ages.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>constable of France</i> was the first officer of
the crown, and had the chief command of the army. It was also his
duty to regulate all matters of chivalry. The office was
suppressed in 1627. The <i>constable</i>, or <i>lord high
constable</i>, <i>of England</i>, was one of the highest officers
of the crown, commander in chief of the forces, and keeper of the
peace of the nation. He also had judicial cognizance of many
important matters. The office was as early as the Conquest, but
has been disused (except on great and solemn occasions), since
the attainder of Stafford, duke of Buckingham, in the reign of
Henry VIII.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An officer of the peace
having power as a conservator of the public peace, and bound to
execute the warrants of judicial officers.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In England, at the present time, the <i>constable</i>
is a conservator of the peace within his district, and is also
charged by various statutes with other duties, such as serving
summons, precepts, warrants, etc. In the United States,
<i>constables</i> are town or city officers of the peace, with
powers similar to those of the constables of England. In addition
to their duties as conservators of the peace, they are invested
with others by statute, such as to execute civil as well as
criminal process in certain cases, to attend courts, keep juries,
etc. In some cities, there are officers called <i>high
constables</i>, who act as chiefs of the constabulary or police
force. In other cities the title of constable, as well as the
office, is merged in that of the police officer.</p>

<p><col><b>High constable</b></col>, <cd>a constable having
certain duties and powers within a hundred.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Petty constable</b></col>, <cd>a conservator of the peace
within a parish or tithing; a tithingman.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Special constable</b></col>, <cd>a person appointed to
act as constable of special occasions.</cd> --
<col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>overrun, or outrun</b></col>,
<col><b>the constable</b></col>, <cd>to spend more than one's
income; to get into debt.</cd> [Colloq.]  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"sta*bler*y</hw> (? or &?; ), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>conestablerie</i>. Cf. <u>Constabulary</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The constabulary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The district or jurisdiction of a
constable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"sta*bleship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office or functions of a constable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"sta*bless</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wife of
a constable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"sta*ble*wick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Constable</i> + <i>wick</i> a village] <def>The district to
which a constable's power is limited.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*stab"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>constabularius</i> an equerry. See <u>Constable</u>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to constables; consisting of constables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*stab"u*la*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
collective body of constables in any town, district, or
country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*stab"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
constabulary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"stan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>constantia</i>: cf. F. <i>constance</i>. See <u>Constant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being constant or
steadfast; freedom from change; stability; fixedness;
immutability; as, the <i>constancy</i> of God in his nature and
attributes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fixedness or firmness of mind;
persevering resolution; especially, firmness of mind under
sufferings, steadiness in attachments, or perseverance in
enterprise; stability; fidelity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fellow of plain uncoined <i>constancy</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Constancy</i> and contempt of danger.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fixedness; stability; firmness; steadiness;
permanence; steadfastness; resolution. See <u>Firmness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con"stant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>onstans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>constare</i> to stand
firm, to be consistent; <i>con-</i> + <i>stare</i> to stand: cf.
F. <i>constant</i>. See <u>Stand</u> and cf. <u>Cost</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Firm; solid;
fixed; immovable; -- opposed to <i>fluid</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If . . . you mix them, you may turn these two
fluid liquors into a <i>constant</i> body.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not liable, or given, to change;
permanent; regular; continuous; continually recurring; steadfast;
faithful; not fickle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both loving one fair maid, they yet remained
<i>constant</i> friends.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>constant</i> to my purposes.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His gifts, his <i>constant</i> courtship, nothing
gained.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Onward the <i>constant</i> current sweeps.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math. &amp; Physics)</i> <def>Remaining
unchanged or invariable, as a quantity, force, law, etc.
Contrasted with <i>variable</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Consistent; logical.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fixed; steadfast; unchanging; permanent;
unalterable; immutable; invariable; perpetual; continual;
resolute; firm; unshaken; determined.  -- <u>Constant</u>,
<u>Continual</u>, <u>Perpetual</u>. These words are sometimes
used in an absolute and sometimes in a qualified sense.
<i>Constant</i> denotes, in its absolute sense, unchangeably
fixed; as, a <i>constant</i> mind or purpose. In its qualified
sense, it marks something as a "standing" fact or occurence; as,
liable to <i>constant</i> interruptions; <i>constantly</i> called
for. <i>Continual</i>, in its absolute sense, coincides with
<i>continuous</i>. See <u>Continuous</u>. In its qualified sense,
it describes a thing as occuring in steady and rapid succession;
as, a round of <i>continual</i> calls; <i>continually</i>
changing. <i>Perpetual</i> denotes, in its absolute sense, what
literally never ceases or comes to an end; as, <i>perpetual</i>
motion. In its qualified sense, it is used hyperbolically, and
denotes that which rarely ceases; as, <i>perpetual</i>
disturbance; <i>perpetual</i> noise; <i>perpetual</i>
intermeddling.</p>

<p><hw>Con"stant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is not subject to change; that which is
invariable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A quantity that does
not change its value; -- used in countradistinction to
<i>variable</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Absolute constant</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>one
whose value is absolutely the same under all circumstances, as
the number 10, or any numeral.</cd> -- <col><b>Arbitrary
constant</b></col>, <cd>an undetermined constant in a
differential equation having the same value during all changes in
the values of the variables.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*stan"ti*a</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
superior wine, white and red, from Constantia, in Cape
Colony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"stant*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
constancy; steadily; continually; perseveringly; without
cessation; uniformly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But she <i>constantly</i> affirmed that it was
even so.<BR>
<i>Acts. xii. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Con"stat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., it is
evident.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A certificate showing what appears
upon record touching a matter in question.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*state"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>constater</i>; L. <i>con-</i> + <i>stare</i> to stand.]
<def>To ascertain; to verify; to establish; to prove.</def>
<i>F. P. Cobbe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"stel*late</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>con-</i> + L. <i>stellatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>stellare</i> to cover with stars, <i>stella</i> star. See
<u>Stellate</u>.] <def>To join luster; to shine with united
radiance, or one general light.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The several things which engage our affections . .
. shine forth and <i>constellate</i> in God.<BR>
<i>Boule.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"stel*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite in one luster or radiance, as
stars.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whe know how to <i>constellate</i> these
lights.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set or adorn with stars or
constellations; as, <i>constellated</i> heavens.</def>  <i>J.
Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`stel*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>constellation</i>, L. <i>constellatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cluster or group of fixed stars, or division of the
heavens, designated in most cases by the name of some animal, or
of some mythologial personage, within whose imaginary outline, as
traced upon the heavens, the group is included.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>constellations</i> seem to have been almost
purposely named and delineated to cause as much confusion and
inconvenience as possible.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In each of the constellations now recognized by
astronomers (about 90 in number) the brightest stars, both named
and unnamed, are designated nearly in the order of brilliancy by
the letters of the Greek alphabet; as, &alpha; Tauri (Aldebaran)
is the first star of Taurus, &gamma; Orionis (Bellatrix) is the
third star of Orion.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assemblage of splendors or
excellences.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>constellations</i> of genius had already
begun to show itself . . . which was to shed a glory over the
meridian and close of Philip's reign.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fortune; fate; destiny.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>constellation</i>, which causeth all that
a man doeth.<BR>
<i>Gower.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`ster*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consternatio</i>, fr. <i>consternare</i> to overome, perplex,
an accessory form of <i>consternere</i> to throw down, prostrate;
<i>con</i> + <i>sternere</i> to spread out, throw down: cf. F.
<i>consternation</i>. See <u>Stratum</u>.] <def>Amazement or
horror that confounds the faculties, and incapacitates for
reflection; terror, combined with amazement; dismay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The chiefs around,<BR>
In silence wrapped, in <i>consternation</i> drowned.<BR>
Attend the stern reply.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Alarm; fright; amazement; astonishment;
surprise; panic; perturbation. See <u>Alarm</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con"sti*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Constipated</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Constipating</u>.] [L.
<i>constipatus</i>, p. p. of <i>constipare</i>; <i>con-</i> +
<i>stipare</i> to crowd together. See <u>Costive</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To crowd or cram into a narrow compass;
to press together or condense.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of cold the property is to condense and
<i>constipate</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stop (a channel) by filling it, and
preventing passage through it; as, to <i>constipate</i> the
capillary vessels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To render costive; to
cause constipation in.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`sti*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>constipatio</i> a crowding together: cf. F.
<i>constipation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of crowding
anything into a less compass, or the state of being crowded or
pressed together; condensation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fullness of matter, or a pretty close
<i>constipation</i> . . . of its particles.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of the bowels in which the
evacuations are infrequent and difficult, or the intestines
become filled with hardened f&aelig;ces; costiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*stit"u*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i>  <plw><b>Constituencies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A body
of constituents, as the body of citizens or voters in a
representative district.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*stit"u*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>constituens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. See <u>Constitute</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving to form, compose, or make up;
elemental; component.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Body, soul, and reason are the three parts
necessarily <i>constituent</i> of a man.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the power of electing or
appointing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A question of right arises between the
<i>constituent</i> and representative body.<BR>
<i>Junius.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*stit"u*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The person or thing which constitutes,
determines, or constructs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their first composure and origination require a
higher and nobler <i>constituent</i> than chance.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which constitutes or composes, as
a part, or an essential part; a component; an element.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We know how to bring these <i>constituents</i>
together, and to cause them to form water.<BR>
<i>Tyndall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One for whom another acts; especially,
one who is represented by another in a legislative assembly; --
correlative to <i>representative</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The electors in the district of a representative
in Congress, or in the legislature of a State, are termed his
<i>constituents</i>.<BR>
<i>Abbot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To appeal from the representatives to the
<i>constituents</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person who appoints
another to act for him as attorney in fact.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"sti*tute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Constituted</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Constituting</u>.] [L.
<i>constitutus</i>, p. p. of <i>constiture</i> to constitute;
<i>con-</i> + <i>statuere</i> to place, set, fr. <i>status</i>
station, fr. <i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Stand</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to stand; to establish; to
enact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Laws appointed and <i>constituted</i> by lawful
authority.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 310 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make up; to compose; to
form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Truth and reason <i>constitute</i> that
intellectual gold that defies destruction.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To appoint, depute, or elect to an
office; to make and empower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Me didst Thou <i>constitute</i> a priest of
thine.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Constituted authorities</b></col>, <cd>the officers of
government, collectively, as of a nation, city, town, etc.</cd>
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"sti*tute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
established law.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Preston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"sti*tu`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
constitutes or appoints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`sti*tu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>constitution</i>, L. <i>constitute</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of constituting; the action of enacting,
establishing, or appointing; enactment; establishment;
formation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being; that form of
being, or structure and connection of parts, which constitutes
and characterizes a system or body; natural condition; structure;
texture; conformation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The physical <i>constitution</i> of the sun.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The aggregate of all one's inherited
physical qualities; the aggregate of the vital powers of an
individual, with reference to ability to endure hardship, resist
disease, etc.; as, a robust <i>constitution</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>constitutions</i> have never been enfeebled
by the vices or luxuries of the old world.<BR>
<i>Story.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The aggregate of mental qualities;
temperament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He defended himself with . . . less passion than
was expected from his <i>constitution</i>.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The fundamental, organic law or
principles of government of men, embodied in written documents,
or implied in the institutions and usages of the country or
society; also, a written instrument embodying such organic law,
and laying down fundamental rules and principles for the conduct
of affairs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>constitution</i> had begun to exist in
times when statesmen were not much accustomed to frame exact
definitions.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In England the constitution is unwritten, and may be
modified from time to time by act of Parliament. In the United
States a constitution cannot ordinarily be modified, exept
through such processes as the constitution itself ordains.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An authoritative ordinance, regulation
or enactment; especially, one made by a Roman emperor, or one
affecting ecclesiastical doctrine or discipline; as, the
<i>constitutions</i> of Justinian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The positive <i>constitutions</i> of our own
churches.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>constitution</i> of Valentinian addressed to
Olybrius, then prefect of Rome, for the regulation of the conduct
of advocates.<BR>
<i>George Long.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Apostolic constitutions</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Apostolic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con`sti*tu"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [f. F.
<i>constitutionnel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to, or
inherent in, the constitution, or in the structure of body or
mind; as, a <i>constitutional</i> infirmity;
<i>constitutional</i> ardor or dullness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In accordance with, or authorized by,
the constitution of a state or a society; as,
<i>constitutional</i> reforms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Regulated by, dependent on, or secured
by, a constitution; as, <i>constitutional</i> government;
<i>constitutional</i> rights.</def>  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Relating to a constitution, or
establishment form of government; as, a <i>constitutional</i>
risis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The anient <i>constitutional</i> traditions of the
state.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>For the benefit or one's constitution
or health; as, a <i>constitutional</i> walk.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Constitutional law</b></col>, <cd>law that relates to
the constitution, as a permanent system of political and
juridical government, as distinguished from statutory and common
law, which relate to matters subordinate to such
constitution.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con`sti*tu"tion*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A walk
or other exercise taken for one's health or constitution.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The men trudged diurnal <i>constitutionals</i>
along the different roads.<BR>
<i>Compton Reade.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`sti*tu"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The theory, principles, or authority of constitutional
government; attachment or adherence to a constitution or
constitutional government.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`sti*tu"tion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who advocates a constitutional form of government; a
constitutionalist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`sti*tu`tion*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> -<plw><b>ties</b></plw> (#). [f. F.
<i>constitutionalit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being constitutional, or inherent in the
natural frame.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being consistent with the
constitution or frame of government, or of being authorized by
its provisions.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Constitutionalities</i>, bottomless cavilings
and questionings about written laws.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`sti*tu"tion*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In accordance with the constitution or
natural disposition of the mind or body; naturally; as, he was
<i>constitutionally</i> timid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The English were <i>constitutionally</i>
humane.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In accordance with the constitution or
fundamental law; legally; as, he was not <i>constitutionally</i>
appointed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing would indue them to acknowledge that
[such] an assembly . . . was <i>constitutionally</i> a
Parliament.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`sti*tu"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who adheres to the constitution of the country.</def>
<i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"sti*tu`tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending or assisting to constitute or
compose; elemental; essential.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An ingredient and <i>constitutive</i> part of
every virtue.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having power to enact, establish, or
create; instituting; determining.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"sti*tu`tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
constitutive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*strain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Constrained</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Constraining</u>.] [OF.
<i>constraindre</i>, F. <i>contrainde</i>, L.
<i>constringere</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>stringere</i> to draw
tight. See <u>Strain</u>, and. cf. <u>Constrict</u>,
<u>Constringe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To secure by bonds;
to chain; to bond or confine; to hold tightly; to
constringe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He binds in chains<BR>
The drowsy prophet, and his limbs <i>constrains</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>When winter frosts <i>constrain</i> the fields
with cold.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring into a narrow compass; to
compress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How the strait stays the slender waist
<i>constrain</i>.<BR>
<i>Gay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hold back by force; to restrain; to
repress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My sire in caves <i>constrains</i> the winds.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To compel; to force; to necessitate;
to oblige.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The love of Christ <i>constraineth</i> us.<BR>
<i>2. Cor. v. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>constrained</i> to appeal unto
C&aelig;sar.<BR>
<i>Acts xxviii. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To violate; to ravish.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To produce in such a manner as to give
an unnatural effect; as, a <i>constrained</i> voice.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To compel; force; drive; impel; urge;
press.</p>

<p><hw>Con*strain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>constraignable</i>, F. <i>contraignable</i>.] <def>Capable of
being constrained; liable to constraint, or to restraint.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*strained"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked
by constraint; not free; not voluntary; embarrassed; as, a
<i>constrained</i> manner; a <i>constrained</i> tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*strain"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
constraint or compulsion; in a constrained manner.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*strain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
constrains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*straint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>constrainte</i>, F. <i>constrainte</i>.] <def>The act of
constraining, or the state of being constrained; that which
compels to, or restrains from, action; compulsion; restraint;
necessity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Long imprisonment and hard <i>constraint</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Not by <i>constraint</i>, but by my choice, I
came.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Compulsion; violence; necessity; urgency.  --
<u>Constraint</u>, <u>Compulsion</u>. <i>Constraint</i> implies
strong binding force; as, the <i>constraint</i> of necessity; the
<i>constraint</i> of fear. <i>Compulsion</i> implies the exertion
of some urgent impelling force; as, driven by <i>compulsion</i>.
The former prevents us from acting agreeably to our wishes; the
latter forces us to act contrary to our will. <i>Compulsion</i>
is always produced by some active agent; a <i>constraint</i> may
be laid upon us by the forms of civil society, or by other
outward circumstances.  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*straint"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Constraining; compulsory.</def> [R.] "Any
<i>constraintive</i> vow."  <i>R. Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*strict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Constricted</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Constricting</u>.] [L.
<i>constrictus</i>, p. p. of <i>constringere</i>. See
<u>Constrain</u>.] <def>To draw together; to render narrower or
smaller; to bind; to cramp; to contract or cause to
shrink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such things as <i>constrict</i> the fibers.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Membranous organs inclosing a cavity which their
contraction serves to <i>constrict</i>.<BR>
<i>Todd &amp; Bowman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*strict"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Drawn together; bound; contracted;
cramped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Contracted or compressed
so as to be smaller in certain places or parts than in
others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*stric"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>constrictio</i>: cf. F. <i>constriction</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of constricting by means of some
inherent power or by movement or change in the thing itself, as
distinguished from <i>compression</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being constricted; the
point where a thing is constricted; a narrowing or
binding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>constriction</i> of the parts inservient to
speech.<BR>
<i>Grew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*strict"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving
or tending to bind or constrict.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*strict"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which constricts, draws together, or
contracts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which
contracts or closes an orifice, or which compresses an organ; a
sphincter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A serpent that
kills its prey by inclosing and crushing it with its folds; as,
the boa <i>constrictor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*stringe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Constringed</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Constringing</u>.] [L.
<i>constringere</i>. See <u>onstrain</u>.] <def>To dawn together;
to contract; to force to contract itself; to constrict; to cause
to shrink.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Strong liquors . . . intoxicate,
<i>constringe</i>, harden the fibers, and coagulate the
fluids.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*strin"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>constringens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Having the quality of
contracting, binding, or compressing.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*struct"</hw> (k&obreve;n*str&ubreve;kt"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Constructed</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Constructing</u>.] [L.
<i>constructus</i>, p. p. of <i>construere</i> to bring together,
to construct; <i>con-</i> + <i>struere</i> to pile up, set in
order. See <u>Structure</u>, and cf. <u>Construe</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put together the constituent parts of
(something) in their proper place and order; to build; to form;
to make; as, to <i>construct</i> an edifice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To devise; to invent; to set in order;
to arrange; as, to <i>construct</i> a theory of ethics.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To build; erect; form; compile; make;
fabricate; originate; invent.</p>

<p><hw>Con"struct</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed by,
or relating to, construction, interpretation, or
inference.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Construct form</b></col> or <col><b>state</b></col>
<i>(Heb. Gram.)</i>, <cd>that of a noun used before another which
has the genitive relation to it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*struct"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, constructs or frames.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*struc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>constructio</i>: cf. F. <i>construction</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The process or art of constructing; the
act of building; erection; the act of devising and forming;
fabrication; composition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The form or manner of building or
putting together the parts of anything; structure;
arrangement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An astrolabe of peculiar <i>construction</i>.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The arrangement and
connection of words in a sentence; syntactical
arrangement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some particles . . . in certain
<i>constructions</i> have the sense of a whole sentence contained
in them.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The method of construing,
interpreting, or explaining a declaration or fact; an attributed
sense or meaning; understanding; explanation; interpretation;
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any person . . . might, by the sort of
<i>construction</i> that would be put on this act, become liable
to the penalties of treason.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Strictly</i>, <i>the term</i>
[<i>construction</i>] signifies determining the meaning and
proper effect of language by a consideration of the subject
matter and attendant circumstances in connection with the words
employed.<BR>
<i>Abbott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Interpretation properly precedes
<i>construction</i>, but it does not go beyond the written
text.<BR>
<i>Parsons.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Construction of an equation</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>the drawing of such lines and figures as will represent
geometrically the quantities in the equation, and their relations
to each other.</cd> -- <col><b>Construction train</b></col>
<i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>a train for transporting men and materials
for construction or repairs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*struc"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or deduced from, construction or
interpretation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*struc"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
puts a certain construction upon some writing or instrument, as
the Constitutions of the United States; as, a strict
<i>constructionist</i>; a broad <i>constructionist</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*struct"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>constructif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having ability to
construct or form; employed in construction; as, to exhibit
<i>constructive</i> power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>constructive</i> fingers of Watts.<BR>
<i>Emerson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Derived from, or depending on,
construction or interpretation; not directly expressed, but
inferred.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Constructive crimes</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>acts
having effects analogous to those of some statutory or common law
crimes; as, <i>constructive</i> treason. Constructive crimes are
no longer recognized by the courts.</cd> -- <col><b>Constructive
notice</b></col>, <cd>notice imputed by construction of law.</cd>
-- <col><b>Constructive trust</b></col>, <cd>a trust which may be
assumed to exist, though no actual mention of it be
made.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*struct"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
constructive manner; by construction or inference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A neutral must have notice of a blockade, either
actually by a formal information, or <i>constructively</i> by
notice to his government.<BR>
<i>Kent.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*struct"ive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tendency or ability to form or
construct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>The faculty which
enables one to construct, as in mechanical, artistic, or literary
matters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*struct"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>constructor</i>.] <def>A constructer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*struc"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>That which is constructed or formed; an edifice; a
fabric.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*strue</hw> (?; <i>Archaic</i> ?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Construed</u>
(#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Construing</u> (#).]
[L. <i>construere</i>: cf. F. <i>construire</i>. See
<u>Construct</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To apply the rules of
syntax to (a sentence or clause) so as to exhibit the structure,
arrangement, or connection of, or to discover the sense; to
explain the construction of; to interpret; to
translate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put a construction upon; to explain
the sense or intention of; to interpret; to understand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus we are put to <i>construe</i> and paraphrase
our own words to free ourselves either from the ignorance or
malice of our enemies.<BR>
<i>Bp. Stilingfleet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And to be dull was <i>construed</i> to be
good.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"stu*prate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Construprated</u>; <pos><i>p.
p. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Constuprating</u>.] [L.
<i>constupratus</i>, p. p. of <i>constuprare</i> to ravish;
<i>con-</i> + <i>stuprare</i> to ravish, <i>stuprum</i> rape.]
<def>To ravish; to debauch.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`stu*pra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of ravishing; violation; defilement.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`sub*stan"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consubstantialis</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>substantialis</i>: cf.
F. <i>consubstantiel</i>. See <u>Substantial</u>.] <def>Of the
same kind or nature; having the same substance or essence;
coessential.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Christ Jesus . . . coeternal and
<i>consubstantial</i> with the Father and with the Holy
Ghost.<BR>
<i>Foxe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`sub*stan"tial*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The doctrine of consubstantiation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`sub*stan"tial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who believes in consubstantiation.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`sub*stan"ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?;  106),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>consubstantialit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Participation of the same nature; coexistence in the same
substance.</def> "His [the Son's] . . . <i>consubstantiality</i>
with the Father."  <i>Hammend.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`sub*stan"tial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a consubstantial manner; with identity of substance or
nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`sub*stan"ti*ate</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Consubstantiated</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Consubstantiating</u>.]
<def>To cause to unite, or to regard as united, in one common
substance or nature.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His soul must be <i>consubstantiated</i> with
reason.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`sub*stan"ti*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
profess or belive the doctrine of consubstantion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>consubstantiating</i> church and
priest.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`sub*stan"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Partaking of the same substance; united;
consubstantial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must love her [the wife] that is thus
<i>consubstantiate</i> with us.<BR>
<i>Feltham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`sub*stan`ti*a"tion</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An identity or union of
substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The actual,
substantial presence of the body of Christ with the bread and
wine of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper; impanation; --
opposed to <i>transubstantiation</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This view, held by Luther himself, was called
<i>consubstantiation</i> by non Lutheran writers in
contradistinction to transsubstantiation, the Catholic view.</p>

<p><hw>Con"sue*tude</hw> (?; 144), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consuetudo</i>. See <u>Custom</u>.] <def>Custom, habit;
usage.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To observe this <i>consuetude</i> or law.<BR>
<i>Barnes</i>.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`sue*tu"di*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>consuetudinalis</i>.] <def>According to custom; customary;
usual.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con`sue*tu"di*na"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>consuetudinarius</i>.] <def>Customary.</def></p>

<p><! p. 311 !></p>

<p><hw>Con`sue*tu"di*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Consuetudinaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A
manual or ritual of customary devotional exercises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"sul</hw> (k&obreve;n"s&ubreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L., prob. fr. <i>consulere</i> to deliberate. See
<u>Consult</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>One
of the two chief magistrates of the republic.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They were chosen annually, originally from the
patricians only, but later from the plebeians also.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A senator; a counselor.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many of the <i>consuls</i>, raised and met,<BR>
Are at the duke's already.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>With kings and <i>consuls</i> of the earth.<BR>
<i>Job. iii. 14 (Douay Ver. )</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fr. Hist.)</i> <def>One of the three
chief magistrates of France from 1799 to 1804, who were called,
respectively, first, second, and third consul.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An official commissioned to reside in
some foreign country, to care for the commercial interests of the
citizens of the appointing government, and to protect its
seamen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Consul general</b></col>, <cd>a consul of the first
rank, stationed in an important place, or having jurisdiction in
several places or over several consuls.</cd> -- <col><b>Vice
consul</b></col>, <cd>a consular officer holding the place of a
consul during the consul's absence or after he has been
relieved.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"sul*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i>
<def>A duty or tax paid by merchants for the protection of their
commerce by means of a consul in a foreign place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"su*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consularis</i>; cf. F. <i>consulaire</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a consul; performing the duties of a consul; as,
<i>consular</i> power; <i>consular</i> dignity; <i>consular</i>
officers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"su*la"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consular.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"su*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consulatus</i>: cf. F. <i>consulat</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The office of a consul.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The jurisdiction or residence of a
consul.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Consular government; term of office of
a consul.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"sul*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office of a consul;
consulate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The term of office of a
consul.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sult"</hw> (k&obreve;n*s&ubreve;lt"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Consulted</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Consulting</u>.] [L.
<i>consultare</i>, fr. <i>consulere</i> to consult: cf. f.
<i>consulter</i>. Cf. <u>Counsel</u>.] <def>To seek the opinion
or advice of another; to take counsel; to deliberate together; to
confer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us <i>consult</i> upon to-morrow's
business.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>All the laws of England have been made by the
kings England, <i>consulting</i> with the nobility and
commons.<BR>
<i>Hobbes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sult"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To ask advice of; to seek the opinion of; to apply to for
information or instruction; to refer to; as, to <i>consult</i> a
physician; to <i>consult</i> a dictionary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men forgot, or feared, to <i>consult</i> nature .
. . ; they were content to <i>consult</i> libraries.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have reference to, in judging or
acting; to have regard to; to consider; as, to <i>consult</i>
one's wishes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are . . .  to <i>consult</i> the necessities of
life, rather than matters of ornament and delight.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deliberate upon; to take for.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Manythings were there <i>consulted</i> for the
future, yet nothing was positively resolved.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bring about by counsel or
contrivance; to devise; to contrive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast <i>consulted</i> shame to thy house by
cutting off many people.<BR>
<i>Hab. ii. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sult"</hw> (k&obreve;n*s&ubreve;lt" <i>or</i>
k&obreve;n"s&ubreve;lt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of consulting or deliberating; consultation; also,
the result of consulation; determination; decision.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The council broke;<BR>
And all grave <i>consults</i> dissolved in smoke.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A council; a meeting for
consultation.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>consult</i> of coquettes."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Agreement; concert</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sult"a*ry</hw>
(k&obreve;n*s&ubreve;lt"&adot;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Formed by consultation; resulting from conference.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Consultary response</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
opinion of a court on a special case.</cd>
 <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`sul*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consultatio</i>: cf. F. <i>consultation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of consulting or conferring;
deliberation of two or more persons on some matter, with a view
to a decision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus they doubtful <i>consultations</i> dark<BR>
Ended.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A council or conference, as of
physicians, held to consider a special case, or of lawyers
restained in a cause.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Writ of consultation</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
writ by which a cause, improperly removed by prohibition from one
court to another, is returned to the court from which it came; --
so called because the judges, on <i>consultation</i>, find the
prohibition ill-founded.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*sult"a*tive</hw>
(k&obreve;n*s&ubreve;lt"&adot;*t&ibreve;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to consultation; having the privilege or right of
conference.</def> "A <i>consultative</i> . . . power."  <i>Abp.
Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sult"a*to*ry</hw>
(k&obreve;n*s&ubreve;lt"&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed by, or resulting from,
consultation; advisory.</def>  <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sult"er</hw> (k&obreve;n*s&ubreve;lt"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who consults, or asks counsel or
information.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sult"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
consults.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Consulting physician</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
physician who consults with the attending practitioner regarding
any case of disease.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*sult"ive</hw> (k&obreve;n*s&ubreve;lt"&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Determined by, or pertaining to,
consultation; deliberate; consultative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that remains in the grace of God sins not by
any deliberative, <i>consultive</i>, knowing act.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sum"a*ble</hw> (k&obreve;n*s&umacr;m"&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being consumed; that may be
destroyed, dissipated, wasted, or spent.</def> "<i>Consumable</i>
commodities."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sume"</hw> (k&obreve;n*s&umacr;m"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Consumed</u> (-
s&umacr;md"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Consuming</u>.] [L. <i>consumere</i> to take wholly or
completely, to consume; <i>con-</i> + <i>sumere</i> to take;
<i>sub</i> + <i>emere</i> to buy. See <u>Redeem</u>.] <def>To
destroy, as by decomposition, dissipation, waste, or fire; to use
up; to expend; to waste; to burn up; to eat up; to
devour.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he were putting to my house the brand<BR>
That shall <i>consume</i> it.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where
neither moth nor rust doth <i>consume</i>.<BR>
<i>Matt. vi. 20 (Rev. Ver.).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me alone . . . that I may <i>consume</i>
them.<BR>
<i>Ex. xxxii. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To destroy; swallow up; ingulf; absorb; waste;
exhaust; spend; expend; squander; lavish; dissipate.</p>

<p><hw>Con*sume"</hw> (k&obreve;n*s&umacr;m"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To waste away slowly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore, let Benedick, like covered fire,<BR>
<i>Consume</i> away in sighs.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sum"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Excessively.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><blockquote>He's so <i>consumedly</i> proud of it.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sum"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, consumes; as, the <i>consumer</i> of
food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sum"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
consuming manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sum"mate</hw> (-s&ubreve;m"m&asl;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>consummatus</i>, p. p. or
<i>consummare</i> to accomplish, sum up; <i>con-</i> +
<i>summa</i> sum. See <u>Sum</u>.] <def>Carried to the utmost
extent or degree; of the highest quality; complete;
perfect.</def> "A man of perfect and <i>consummate</i> virtue."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The little band held the post with
<i>consummate</i> tenacity.<BR>
<i>Motley</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"sum*mate</hw> (k&obreve;n"s&ubreve;m*m&amacr;t
<i>or</i> k&obreve;n*s&ubreve;m"m&amacr;t; 277), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Consummated</u>
(-m&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Consummating</u> (-m&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng).] <def>To bring to
completion; to raise to the highest point or degree; to complete;
to finish; to perfect; to achieve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>consummate</i> this business happily.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sum"mate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
consummate manner; completely.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`sum*ma"tion</hw>
(k&obreve;n`s&ubreve;m*m&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>consummatio</i>.] <def>The act of
consummating, or the state of being consummated; completion;
perfection; termination; end (as of the world or of
life).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"'T is a <i>consummation</i><BR>
Devoutly to be wished.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>From its original to its <i>consummation</i>.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Quiet <i>consummation</i> have,<BR>
And renown&eacute;d be thy grave.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Consummation of marriage</b></col>, <cd>completion of
the connubial relation by actual cohabition.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*sum"ma*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Serving to consummate; completing.</def> "The final, the
<i>consummative</i> procedure of philosophy."  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sump"tion</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>consumptio</i>: cf. F. <i>consomption</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of consuming by use, waste, etc.; decay;
destruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every new advance of the price to the consumer is
a new incentive to him to retrench the quality of his
<i>consumption</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or process of being
consumed, wasted, or diminished; waste; diminution; loss;
decay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A progressive wasting
away of the body; esp., that form of wasting, attendant upon
pulmonary phthisis and associated with cough, spitting of blood,
hectic fever, etc.; pulmonary phthisis; -- called also
<i>pulmonary consumption</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Consumption of the bowels</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>inflammation and ulceration of the intestines from tubercular
disease.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Decline; waste; decay. See <u>Decline</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*sump"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>consomptif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
consumption; having the quality of consuming, or dissipating;
destructive; wasting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [prayer] is not <i>consumptive</i> or our
time.<BR>
<i>Sharp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A long <i>consumptive</i> war.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Affected with, or
inclined to, consumption.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lean, <i>consumptive</i> wench, with coughs
decayed.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*sump"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One affected
with consumption; as, a resort for <i>consumptives</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sump"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
way tending to or indication consumption.</def>
<i>Beddoes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sump"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state
of being consumptive, or a tendency to a consumption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`ta*bes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contabescenc</i>, p. pr. of <i>contabescere</i>.] <def>Wasting
away gradually.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con*ta*bes"cence</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con"tact</hw> (k&obreve;n"t&abreve;kt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>contactus</i>, fr. <i>contingere</i>,
<i>-tactum</i>, to touch on all sides. See <u>Contingent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A close union or junction of bodies; a
touching or meeting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The property of two
curves, or surfaces, which meet, and at the point of meeting have
a common direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The plane between two
adjacent bodies of dissimilar rock.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Contact level</b></col>, <cd>a delicate level so
pivoted as to tilt when two parts of a measuring apparatus come
into contact with each other; -- used in precise determinations
of lengths and in the accurate graduation of
instruments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*tac"tion</hw> (-t&abreve;k"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of touching.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*ta"gion</hw> (-t&amacr;"j&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>contagio</i>: cf. F.
<i>contagion</i>. See <u>Contact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The transmission of a disease from one person
to another, by direct or indirect contact.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term has been applied by some to the action of
miasmata arising from dead animal or vegetable matter, bogs,
fens, etc., but in this sense it is now abandoned.
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And will he steal out of his wholesome bed<BR>
To dare the vile <i>contagion</i> of the night?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which serves as a medium or
agency to transmit disease; a virus produced by, or exhalation
proceeding from, a diseased person, and capable of reproducing
the disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or means of communicating any
influence to the mind or heart; as, the <i>contagion</i> of
enthusiasm.</def> "The <i>contagion</i> of example."  <i>Eikon
Basilike.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When lust . . . <BR>
Lets in defilement to the inward parts,<BR>
The soul grows clotted by <i>contagion</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Venom; poison.</def> [Obs.] "I'll
touch my point with this <i>contagion</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Infection</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*ta"gioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected
by contagion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ta"gion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes in the contagious character of certain diseases, as of
yellow fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ta"gious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contagiosus</i>: cf. F. <i>contagieux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Communicable by contact, by a virus, or by a
bodily exhalation; catching; as, a <i>contagious</i>
disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conveying or generating disease;
pestilential; poisonous; as, <i>contagious</i> air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Spreading or communicable from one to
another; exciting similar emotions or conduct in
others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His genius rendered his courage more
<i>contagious</i>.<BR>
<i>Wirt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The spirit of imitation is <i>contagious</i>.<BR>
<i>Ames.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Contagious</u>, <u>Infectious</u>.  These
words have been used in very diverse senses; but, in general, a
<i>contagious</i> disease has been considered as one which is
caught from another by contact, by the breath, by bodily
effluvia, etc.; while an <i>infectious</i> disease supposes some
entirely different cause acting by a hidden influence, like the
miasma of prison ships, of marshes, etc., <i>infecting</i> the
system with disease. "This distinction, though not universally
admitted by medical men, as to the literal meaning of the words,
certainly applies to them in their figurative use. Thus we speak
of the <i>contagious</i> influence of evil associates; their
<i>contagion</i> of bad example, the <i>contagion</i> of fear,
etc., when we refer to transmission by proximity or contact. On
the other hand, we speak of <i>infection</i> by bad principles,
etc., when we consider anything as diffused by some hidden
influence.</p>

<p><hw>Con*ta"gious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
contagious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ta"gious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality
of being contagious.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con*ta"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Contagion; contagious matter.</def> "<i>Contagium</i> of
measles."  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Containing</u>.] [OE. <i>contenen</i>,
<i>conteinen</i>, F. <i>contenir</i>, fr. L. <i>continere</i>,
<i>-tentum</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>tenere</i> to hold. See
<u>Tenable</u>, and cf. <u>Countenance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To hold within fixed limits; to comprise; to include; to
inclose; to hold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, heaven and the heaven of heavens can not
<i>contain</i> thee; how much less this house!<BR>
<i>2 Chron. vi. 18.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>When that this body did <i>contain</i> a
spirit.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What thy stores <i>contain</i> bring forth.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have capacity for; to be able to
hold; to hold; to be equivalent to; as, a bushel <i>contains</i>
four pecks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put constraint upon; to restrain;
to confine; to keep within bounds.</def> [Obs., exept as used
reflexively.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king's person <i>contains</i> the unruly
people from evil occasions.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear not, my lord: we can <i>contain</i>
ourselves.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tain"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To restrain
desire; to live in continence or chastity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But if they can not <i>contain</i>, let them
marry.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. vii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being contained or comprised.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tain"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
container.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, contains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tain"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which is contained; the extent; the substance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>containment</i> of a rich man's estate.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tam"i*na*ble</hw>
(k&obreve;n*t&abreve;m"&ibreve;*n&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
contaminated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tam"i*nate</hw>
(k&obreve;n*t&abreve;m"&ibreve;*n&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contaminated</u>
(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Contaminating</u> (?).]
[L. <i>contaminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>contaminare</i> to bring
into contact, to contaminate, fr. <i>contamen</i> contagion, for
<i>contagmen</i>; <i>con-</i> + root of <i>tangere</i> to touch.
See <u>Contact</u>.] <def>To soil, stain, or corrupt by contact;
to tarnish; to sully; to taint; to pollute; to defile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall we now<BR>
<i>Contaminate</i> our figures with base bribes?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I would neither have simplicity imposed upon, nor
virtue <i>contaminated</i>.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To pollute; defile; sully; taint; tarnish;
soil; stain; corrupt.</p>

<p><hw>Con*tam"i*nate</hw> (-n&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Contaminated; defiled; polluted; tainted.</def>
"<i>Contaminate</i> drink."  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tam`i*na"tion</hw>
(k&obreve;n*t&abreve;m`&ibreve;*n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>contaminatio</i>.] <def>The act or
process of contaminating; pollution; defilement; taint; also,
that which contaminates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tam"i*tive</hw>
(k&obreve;n*t&abreve;m"&ibreve;*n&adot;*t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending or liable to
contaminate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tan"go</hw> (k&obreve;n*t&abreve;&nsm;"g&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Contangoes</b></plw>
(#). [Prob. a corruption of <i>contingent</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>The premium or
interest paid by the buyer to the seller, to be allowed to defer
paying for the stock purchased until the next fortnightly
settlement day.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The postponement of
payment by the buyer of stock on the payment of a premium to the
seller. See <u>Backwardation</u>.</def>  <i>N. Biddle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tec"tion</hw> (-t&ebreve;k"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>contegere</i>, <i>-tectum</i>, to
cover up.] <def>A covering.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tek</hw> (k&obreve;n"t&ebreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>conteck</i>, <i>conteke</i>, <i>contake</i>, perh. a
corruption either of <i>contact</i> or <i>contest</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quarrel; contention; contest.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Contek</i> with bloody knife.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contumely; reproach.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*temn"</hw> (k&obreve;n*t&ebreve;m"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contemned</u> (-
t&ebreve;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Contemning</u>
(-t&ebreve;m"n&ibreve;ng <i>or</i> -t&ebreve;m"&ibreve;ng).] [L.
<i>contemnere</i>, <i>-temptum</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>temnere</i>
to slight, despise: cf. OF. <i>contemner</i>.] <def>To view or
treat with contempt, as mean and despicable; to reject with
disdain; to despise; to scorn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy pompous delicacies I <i>contemn</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>One who <i>contemned</i> divine and human
laws.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To despise; scorn; disdain; spurn; slight;
neglect; underrate; overlook.  -- To <u>Contemn</u>,
<u>Despise</u>, <u>Scorn</u>, <u>Disdain</u>. <i>Contemn</i> is
the generic term, and is applied especially to objects,
qualities, etc., which are deemed contemptible, and but rarely to
individuals; to <i>despise</i> is to regard or treat as mean,
unbecoming, or worthless; to <i>scorn</i> is stronger, expressing
a quick, indignant contempt; <i>disdain</i> is still stronger,
denoting either unwarrantable pride and haughtiness or an
abhorrence of what is base.</p>

<p><! p. 312 !></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"ner</hw> (k&obreve;n*t&ebreve;m"n&etilde;r
<i>or</i> -t&ebreve;m"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>One
who contemns; a despiser; a scorner.</def> "<i>Contemners</i> of
the gods."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"ning*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Contemptuously.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"per</hw> (k&obreve;n*t&ebreve;m"p&etilde;r),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>contemperare</i>, <i>-
temperatum</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>temperare</i> to temper. Cf.
<u>Contemperate</u>.] <def>To modify or temper; to allay; to
qualify; to moderate; to soften.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The antidotes . . . have allayed its bitterness
and <i>contempered</i> its malignancy.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"per*ate</hw>
(k&obreve;n*t&ebreve;m"p&etilde;r*&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [See <u>Contemper</u>.] <def>To temper; to
moderate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Moisten and <i>contemperate</i> the air.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem`per*a"tion</hw> (-&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of tempering
or moderating.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proportionate mixture or
combination.</def> "<i>Contemperation</i> of light and shade."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"per*a*ture</hw> (-
t&ebreve;m"p&etilde;r*&adot;*t&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The condition of being tempered; proportionate mixture;
temperature.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The different <i>contemperature</i> of the
elements.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"plance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Contemplation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"plant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contemplans</i>, p. pr.] <def>Given to contemplation;
meditative.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tem*plate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contemplated</u> (# or #);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Contemplating</u>.] [L.
<i>contemplatus</i>, p. p. of <i>contemplari</i> to contemplate;
<i>con-</i> + <i>templum</i> a space for observation marked out
by the augur. See <u>Temple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To look
at on all sides or in all its bearings; to view or consider with
continued attention; to regard with deliberate care; to meditate
on; to study.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To love, at least <i>contemplate</i> and
admire,<BR>
What I see excellent.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We thus dilate<BR>
Our spirits to the size of that they <i>contemplate</i>.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To consider or have in view, as
contingent or probable; to look forward to; to purpose; to
intend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There remain some particulars to complete the
information <i>contemplated</i> by those resolutions.<BR>
<i>A. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If a treaty contains any stipulations which
<i>contemplate</i> a state of future war.<BR>
<i>Kent.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To view; behold; study; ponder; muse; meditate
on; reflect on; consider; intend; design; plan; propose; purpose.
See <u>Meditate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con"tem*plate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
consider or think studiously; to ponder; to reflect; to muse; to
meditate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So many hours must I <i>contemplate</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tem*pla"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>contemplation</i>, L. <i>contemplatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of the mind in considering with attention; continued
attention of the mind to a particular subject; meditation;
musing; study.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>contemplation</i> of created things,<BR>
By steps we may ascend to God.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Contemplation</i> is keeping the idea which is
brought into the mind for some time actually in view.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Holy meditation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To live in prayer and <i>contemplation</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of looking forward to an event
as about to happen; expectation; the act of intending or
purposing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>contemplation</i> of returning at an early
date, he left.<BR>
<i>Reid.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To have in contemplation</b></col>, <cd>to inted or
purpose, or to have under consideration.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"pla*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
contemplator.</def> [R.]  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"pla*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>contemplatif</i>, L. <i>contemplativus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to contemplation; addicted to,
or employed in, contemplation; meditative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fixed and <i>contemplative</i> their looks.<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the power of contemplation; as,
<i>contemplative</i> faculties.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"pla*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <def>A religious or either sex devoted to prayer and
meditation, rather than to active works of charity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"pla*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
contemplation; in a contemplative manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"pla*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being contemplative; thoughtfulness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"tem*pla`tor</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>One who contemplates.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem`po*ra*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being contemporaneous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lines of <i>contemporaneity</i> in the
o&ouml;litic system.<BR>
<i>J. Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem`po*ra"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contemporaneus</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>tempus</i> time. See
<u>Temporal</u>, and cf. <u>Contemporaneous</u>.] <def>Living,
existing, or occurring at the same time; contemporary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great age of Jewish philosophy, that of Aben
Esra, Maimonides, and Kimchi, had been <i>contemporaneous</i>
with the later Spanish school of Arabic philosophy.<BR>
<i>Milman</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>At the same time with some other event.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"po*ra*ri*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Existence at the same time; contemporaneousness.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"po*ra*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>con-</i> + L. <i>temporarius</i> of belonging to time,
<i>tempus</i> time. See <u>Temporal</u>, and cf.
<u>Contemporaneous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Living,
occuring, or existing, at the same time; done in, or belonging
to, the same times; contemporaneous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This king [Henry VIII.] was <i>contemporary</i>
with the greatest monarchs of Europe.<BR>
<i>Strype.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the same age; coeval.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A grove born with himself he sees,<BR>
And loves his old <i>contemporary</i> trees.<BR>
<i>Cowley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tem"po*ra*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Contemporaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who lives at the
same time with another; as, Petrarch and Chaucer were
<i>contemporaries</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tempt"</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contemptus</i>, fr. <i>contemnere</i>: cf. OF.
<i>contempt</i>. See <u>Contemn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of contemning or despising; the feeling with which one
regards that which is esteemed mean, vile, or worthless; disdain;
scorn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Criminal <i>contempt</i> of public feeling.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing, says Longinus, can be great, the
<i>contempt</i> of which is great.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being despised; disgrace;
shame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Contempt</i> and begarry hangs upon thy
back.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An act or expression denoting
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Little insults and <i>contempts</i>.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>contempt</i> and anger of his lip.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Disobedience of the
rules, orders, or process of a court of justice, or of rules or
orders of a legislative body; disorderly, contemptuous, or
insolent language or behavior in presence of a court, tending to
disturb its proceedings, or impair the respect due to its
authority.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Contempt</i> is in some jurisdictions extended so as
to include publications reflecting injuriously on a court of
justice, or commenting unfairly on pending proceedings; in other
jurisdictions the courts are prohibited by statute or by the
constitution from thus exercising this process.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disdain; scorn; derision; mockery; contumely;
neglect; disregard; slight.</p>

<p><hw>Con*tempt`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being contemptible; contemptibleness.</def>
<i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tempt"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of contempt; deserving of scorn or
disdain; mean; vile; despicable.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The arguments of tyranny are as<i>contemptible</i>
as its force is dreadful.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Despised; scorned; neglected;
abject.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Insolent; scornful;
contemptuous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If she should make tender of her love, 't is very
possible he 'll scorn it; for the man . . . hath a
<i>contemptible</i> spirit.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Despicable; abject; vile; mean; base; paltry;
worthless; sorry; pitiful; scurrile. See <u>Contemptuous</u>. --
<u>Contemptible</u>, <u>Despicable</u>, <u>Pitiful</u>,
<u>Paltry</u>. <i>Despicable</i> is stronger than
<i>contemptible</i>, as <i>despise</i> is stronger than
<i>contemn</i>. It implies keen disapprobation, with a mixture of
anger. A man is <i>despicable</i> chiefly for low actions which
mark his life, such as servility, baseness, or mean adulation. A
man is <i>contemptible</i> for mean qualities which distinguish
his character, especially those which show him to be weak,
foolish, or worthless. Treachery is <i>despicable</i>, egotism is
<i>contemptible</i>. <i>Pitiful</i> and <i>paltry</i> are applied
to cases which are beneath anger, and are simply
<i>contemptible</i> in a high degree.</p>

<p><hw>Con*tempt"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being contemptible, or of being
despised.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tempt"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
contemptible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*temp"tu*ous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Manifesting or expressing contempt or disdain; scornful;
haughty; insolent; disdainful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A proud, <i>contemptuous</i> behavior.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Savage invective and <i>contemptuous</i>
sarcasm.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Rome . . . entertained the most
<i>contemptuous</i> opinion of the Jews.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Scornful; insolent; haughty; disdainful;
supercilious; insulting; contumelious.  -- <u>Contemptuous</u>,
<u>Contemptible</u>. These words, from their similarity of sound,
are sometimes erroneously interchanged, as when a person speaks
of having "a very <i>contemptible</i> opinion of another."
<i>Contemptible</i> is applied to that which is the object of
contempt; as, <i>contemptible</i> conduct; a<i>contemptible</i>
fellow. <i>Contemptuous</i> is applied to that which indicates
contempt; as, a <i>contemptuous</i> look; a <i>contemptuous</i>
remark; <i>contemptuous</i> treatment. A person, or whatever is
personal, as an action, an expression, a feeling, an opinion, may
be either <i>contemptuous</i> or <i>contemptible</i>; a thing may
be <i>contemptible</i>, but can not be <i>contemptuous</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*temp"tu*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
contemptuous manner; with scorn or disdain;
despitefully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The apostles and most eminent Christians were
poor, and used <i>contemptuously</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*temp"tu*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disposition to or manifestion of contempt; insolence;
haughtiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Contending</u>.] [OF. <i>contendre</i>, L.
<i>contendere</i>, <i>-tentum</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>tendere</i>
to strech. See <u>Tend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strive in
opposition; to contest; to dispute; to vie; to quarrel; to
fight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For never two such kingdoms did <i>contend</i><BR>
Without much fall of blood.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord said unto me, Distress not the Moabites,
neither <i>contend</i> with them in battle.<BR>
<i>Deut. ii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In ambitious strength I did<BR>
<i>Contend</i> against thy valor.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To struggle or exert one's self to
obtain or retain possession of, or to defend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You sit above, and see vain men below<BR>
<i>Contend</i> for what you only can bestow.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strive in debate; to engage in
discussion; to dispute; to argue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The question which our author would <i>contend</i>
for.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Many things he fiercely <i>contended</i> about
were trivial.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To struggle; fight; combat; vie; strive;
oppose; emulate; contest; litigate; dispute; debate.</p>

<p><hw>Con*tend"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To struggle
for; to contest.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Carthage shall <i>contend</i> the world with
Rome.Dryden.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contendens</i>, p. pr.] <def>An antagonist; a
contestant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In all notable changes and revolutions the
<i>contendents</i> have been still made a prey to the third
party.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
contends; a contestant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tend"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
contestant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*ten"e*ment</hw>
(k&obreve;n*t&ebreve;n"&esl;*m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>con-</i> + <i>tenement</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>That
which is held together with another thing; that which is
connected with a tenement, or thing holden, as a certain quantity
of land adjacent to a dwelling, and necessary to the reputable
enjoyment of the dwelling; appurtenance.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tent"</hw> (k&obreve;n*t&ebreve;nt"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>content</i>, fr. L. <i>contentus</i>,
p. p. of <i>contenire</i> to hold together, restrain. See
<u>Contain</u>.] <def>Contained within limits; hence, having the
desires limited by that which one has; not disposed to repine or
grumble; satisfied; contented; at rest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Having food and rai
ment, let us be therewith <i>content</i>.<BR>
<i>1 Tim. vi. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"tent</hw> (k&obreve;n"t&ebreve;nt <i>or</i>
k&obreve;n*t&ebreve;nt"; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>usually
in pl</i>., <plw><b>Contents</b></plw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is contained; the thing or things held by a
receptacle or included within specified limits; as, the
<i>contents</i> of a cask or bale or of a room; the
<i>contents</i> of a book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall prove these writings . . . authentic, and
the <i>contents</i> true, and worthy of a divine original.<BR>
<i>Grew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power of containing; capacity; extent;
size.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Strong ship's, of great <i>content</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Area or quantity of
space or matter contained within certain limits; as, solid
<i>contents</i>; superficial <i>contents</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The geometrical <i>content</i>, figure, and
situation of all the lands of a kingdom.<BR>
<i>Graunt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Table of contents</b></col>, or
<col><b>Contents</b></col>, <cd>a table or list of topics in a
book, showing their order and the place where they may be found:
a summary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*tent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>contenter</i>, LL. <i>contentare</i>, fr. L. <i>contentus</i>,
p. p. See <u>Content</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To satisfy the desires of; to make easy
in any situation; to appease or quiet; to gratify; to
please.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not <i>content</i> yourselves with obscure and
confused ideas, where clearer are to be attained.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Pilate, willing to <i>content</i> the people,
released Barabbas unto them.<BR>
<i>Mark xv. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To satisfy the expectations of; to
pay; to requite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come the next Sabbath, and I will <i>content</i>
you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To satisfy; appease; please. See
<u>Satiate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*tent"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rest or quietness of the mind in one's present condition;
freedom from discontent; satisfaction; contentment; moderate
happiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such is the fullness of my heart's
<i>content</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acquiescence without
examination.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sense they humbly take upon
<i>content</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which contents or satisfies; that
which if attained would make one happy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So will I in England work your grace's full
<i>content</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. House of Lords)</i> <def>An
expression of assent to a bill or motion; an affirmative vote;
also, a member who votes "Content.".</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Supposing the number of "<i>Contents</i>" and "Not
contents" strictly equal in number and consequence.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`ten*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>contentatio</i>.] <def>Content; satisfaction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tent"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Content;
easy in mind; satisfied; quiet; willing.</def> --
<wf>Con*tent"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Con*tent"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con*tent"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
content.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ten"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>contention</i>, L. <i>contentio</i>. See <u>Contend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A violent effort or struggle to obtain,
or to resist, something; contest; strife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would my arms could match thee in
<i>contention</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strife in words; controversy;
altercation; quarrel; dispute; as, a bone of
<i>contention</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Contentions</i> and strivings about the
law.<BR>
<i>Titus iii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Vehemence of endeavor; eagerness;
ardor; zeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An end . . . worthy our utmost <i>contention</i>
to obtain.<BR>
<i>Rogers.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A point maintained in an argument, or
a line of argument taken in its support; the subject matter of
discussion or strife; a position taken or contended
for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All men seem agreed what is to be done; the
<i>contention</i> is how the subject is to be divided and
defined.<BR>
<i>Bagehot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This was my original <i>contention</i>, and I
still maintain that you should abide by your former decision.<BR>
<i>Jowett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Struggle; strife; contest; quarrel; combat;
conflict; feud; litigation; controversy; dissension; variance;
disagreement; debate; competition; emulation.  --
<u>Contention</u>, <u>Strife</u>. A struggle between two parties
is the idea common to these two words. <i>Strife</i> is a
struggle for mastery; <i>contention</i> is a struggle for the
possession of some desired object, or the accomplishment of some
favorite end. Neither of the words is necessarily used in a bad
sense, since there may be a generous <i>strife</i> or
<i>contention</i> between two friends as to which shall incur
danger or submit to sacrifices. Ordinarily, however, these words
denote a struggle arising from bad passions. In that case,
<i>strife</i> usually springs from a quarrelsome temper, and
<i>contention</i> from, a selfish spirit which seeks its own
aggrandizement, or is fearful lest others should obtain too much.
<i>Strife</i> has more reference to the manner than to the object
of a struggle, while <i>contention</i> takes more account of the
end to be gained.</p>

<p><hw>Con*ten"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contentiosus</i>: cf. F. <i>contentieux</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fond of contention; given to angry
debate; provoking dispute or contention; quarrelsome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Despotic and <i>contentious</i> temper.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to contention or strife;
involving or characterized by contention.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>More cheerful, though not less <i>contentious</i>,
regions.<BR>
<i>Brougham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Contested; litigated;
litigious; having power to decide controversy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Contentious jurisdiction</b></col> <i>(Eng. Eccl.
Law)</i>, <cd>jurisdiction over matters in controversy between
parties, in contradistinction to <i>voluntary jurisdiction</i>,
or that exercised upon matters not opposed or
controverted.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Quarrelsome; pugnacious; dissentious;
wrangling; litigious; perverse; peevish.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Con*ten"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Con*ten"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con*tent"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Content</i> + <i>-less</i>.] <def>Discontented;
dissatisfied.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tent"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
contented manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 313 !></p>

<p><hw>Con*tent"ment</hw> (k&obreve;n*t&ebreve;nt"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>contentement</i>. See
<u>Content</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being contented or satisfied;
content.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Contentment</i> without external honor is
humility.<BR>
<i>Grew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Godliness with <i>contentment</i> is great
gain.<BR>
<i>1 Tim. vi. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of contenting or
satisfying; as, the <i>contentment</i> of avarice is
impossible.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gratification; pleasure;
satisfaction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At Paris the prince spent one whole day to give
his mind some <i>contentment</i> in viewing of a famous city.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tents</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Content</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ter"mi*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the same bounds; terminating at the same time or
place; conterminous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love and life not <i>conterminable</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ter"mi*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>conterminalis</i>.] <def>Conterminous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ter"mi*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the same limits; ending at the same time; conterminous.</def>
<i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ter"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conterminare</i> to border upon, fr. <i>conterminus</i>
conterminous; <i>con-</i> + <i>terminus</i> border.] <def>Having
the same bounds; conterminous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ter"mi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conterminus</i>.  Cf. <u>Conterminous</u>.] <def>Having the
same bounds, or limits; bordering upon; contiguous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This conformed so many of them as were
<i>conterminous</i> to the colonies and garrisons, to the Roman
laws.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con`ter*ra"ne*an</hw> (?), <hw>Con`ter*ra"ne*ous</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>conterraneus</i>; <i>con-</i>
+ <i>terra</i> country.] <def>Of or belonging to the same
country.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tes`ser*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contesseratio</i>, from <i>contesserare</i> to contract
friendship by means of the <i>tesserae</i> (friendship tokens).]
<def>An assemblage; a collection; harmonious union.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That person of his [George Herbert], which
afforded so unusual a <i>contesseration</i> of elegancies.<BR>
<i>Oley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*test"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.  &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Contesting</u>.] [F. <i>contester</i>, fr. L.
<i>contestari</i> to call to witness, <i>contestari litem</i> to
introduce a lawsuit by calling witnesses, to bring an action;
<i>con-</i> + <i>testari</i> to be a witness, <i>testic</i>
witness. See <u>Testify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a
subject of dispute, contention, litigation, or emulation; to
contend for; to call in question; to controvert; to oppose; to
dispute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people . . . <i>contested</i> not what was
done.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Few philosophical aphorisms have been more
frequenty repeated, few more <i>contested</i> than this.<BR>
<i>J. D. Morell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strive earnestly to hold or
maintain; to struggle to defend; as, the troops <i>contested</i>
every inch of ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To make a subject of
litigation; to defend, as a suit; to dispute or resist; as a
claim, by course of law; to controvert.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To contest an election</b></col>. <i>(Polit.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To strive to be elected.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To dispute the declared result of an
election.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dispute; controvert; debate; litigate;
oppose; argue; contend.</p>

<p><hw>Con*test"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To engage in
contention, or emulation; to contend; to strive; to vie; to
emulate; -- followed usually by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The difficulty of an argument adds to the pleasure
of <i>contesting</i> with it, when there are hopes of
victory.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Of man, who dares in pomp with Jove
<i>contest</i>?<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"test</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Earnest dispute; strife in argument; controversy; debate;
altercation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leave all noisy <i>contests</i>, all immodest
clamors and brawling language.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Earnest struggle for superiority,
victory, defense, etc.; competition; emulation; strife in arms;
conflict; combat; encounter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The late battle had, in effect, been a
<i>contest</i> between one usurper and another.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It was fully expected that the <i>contest</i>
there would be long and fierce.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Conflict; combat; battle; encounter; shock;
struggle; dispute; altercation; debate; controvesy; difference;
disagreement; strife.  -- <u>Contest</u>, <u>Conflict</u>,
<u>Combat</u>, <u>Encounter</u>. <i>Contest</i> is the broadest
term, and had originally no reference to actual fighting. It was,
on the contrary, a legal term signifying to <i>call
witnesses</i>, and hence came to denote first a struggle in
argument, and then a struggle for some common object between
opposing parties, usually one of considerable duration, and
implying successive stages or acts. <i>Conflict</i> denotes
literally a close personal engagement, in which sense it is
applied to actual fighting. It is, however, more commonly used in
a figurative sense to denote strenuous or direct opposition; as,
a mental <i>conflict</i>; <i>conflicting</i> interests or
passions; a <i>conflict</i> of laws. An <i>encounter</i> is a
direct meeting face to face. Usually it is a hostile meeting, and
is then very nearly coincident with <i>conflict</i>; as, an
<i>encounter</i> of opposing hosts. Sometimes it is used in a
looser sense; as, "this keen <i>encounter</i> of our wits."
<i>Shak.</i> <i>Combat</i> is commonly applied to actual
fighting, but may be used figuratively in reference to a strife
or words or a struggle of feeling.</p>

<p><hw>Con*test"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>contestable</i>.] <def>Capable of being contested;
debatable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*test"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>contestant</i>.] <def>One who contests; an opponent; a
litigant; a disputant; one who claims that which has been awarded
to another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tes*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contestatio</i> testimony: cf. F. <i>contestation</i> a
contesting.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of contesting;
emulation; rivalry; strife; dispute.</def> "Loverlike
<i>contestation</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After years spent in domestic, unsociable
<i>contestations</i>, she found means to withdraw.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proof by witness; attestation;
testimony.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A solemn <i>contestation</i> ratified on the part
of God.<BR>
<i>Barrow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*test"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
contending manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tex</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
context.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*text"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contextus</i>, p. p. of <i>contexere</i> to weave, to unite;
<i>con-</i> + <i>texere</i> to weave. See <u>Text</u>.] <def>Knit
or woven together; close; firm.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The coats, without, are <i>context</i> and
callous.<BR>
<i>Derham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"text</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contextus</i>; cf. F. <i>contexte</i> .] <def>The part or
parts of something written or printed, as of Scripture, which
precede or follow a text or quoted sentence, or are so intimately
associated with it as to throw light upon its meaning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>According to all the light that the
<i>contexts</i> afford.<BR>
<i>Sharp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*text"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To knit
or bind together; to unite closely.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole world's frame, which is <i>contexted</i>
only by commerce and contracts.<BR>
<i>R. Junius.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tex"tur*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to contexture or arrangement of parts; producing
contexture; interwoven.</def>  <i>Dr. John Smith (1666).</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tex"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>contexture</i>.] <def>The arrangement and union of the
constituent parts of a thing; a weaving together of parts;
structural character of a thing; system; constitution;
texture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That wonderful <i>contexture</i> of all created
beings.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He was not of any delicate <i>contexture</i>; his
limbs rather sturdy than dainty.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tex"tured</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Formed into texture; woven together; arranged;
composed.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"ti*cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conticens</i>, p. pr. of <i>conticere</i>; <i>con-</i> +
<i>tacere</i> to be silent.] <def>Silent.</def> [R.] "The guests
sit <i>conticent</i>."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`tig*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contignatio</i>, fr. <i>contignare</i> to join with beams;
<i>con-</i> + <i>tignum</i> beam.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or process of framing together, or uniting, as beams in a
fabric.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A framework or fabric, as of
beams.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tig"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>contiguatus</i>.] <def>Contiguous; touching.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`ti*gu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>contiguit&eacute;</i>, LL. <i>contiguitas</i>.] <def>The state
of being contiguous; intimate association; nearness;
proximity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The convicinity and <i>contiguity</i> of the two
parishes.<BR>
<i>T. Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tig"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contiguus</i>; akin to <i>contigere</i> to touch on all sides.
See <u>Contingent</u>.] <def>In actual contact; touching; also,
adjacent; near; neighboring; adjoining.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The two halves of the paper did not appear fully
divided . . . but seemed <i>contiguous</i> at one of their
angles.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Sees no <i>contiguous</i> palace rear its
head.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Contiguous angles</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Adjacent
angles</i>, under <u>Angle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Adjoining; adjacent. See <u>Adjacent</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Con*tig"u*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Con*tig"u*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con"ti*nence</hw> (?), <hw>Con"ti*nen*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>continence</i>, L.
<i>continentia</i>. See <u>Continent</u>, and cf.
<u>Countenance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Self-restraint;
self-command.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He knew what to say; he knew also, when to leave
off, -- a <i>continence</i> which is practiced by few
writers.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The restraint which a person imposes
upon his desires and passions; the act or power of refraining
from indulgence of the sexual appetite, esp. from unlawful
indulgence; sometimes, moderation in sexual indulgence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If they [the unmarried and widows] have not
<i>continency</i>, let them marry.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. vii. 9 (Rev. Ver. ).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Chastity is either abstinence or
<i>continence</i>: abstinence is that of virgins or widows;
<i>continence</i>, that of married persons.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Uninterrupted course;
continuity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"ti*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>continens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, prop., p. pr. of
<i>continere</i> to hold together, to repress: cf. F.
<i>continent</i>. See <u>Contain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Serving to restrain or limit; restraining; opposing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exercising restraint as to the
indulgence of desires or passions; temperate; moderate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have a <i>continent</i> forbearance till the speed
of his rage goes slower.<BR>
 <i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Abstaining from sexual intercourse;
exercising restraint upon the sexual appetite; esp., abstaining
from illicit sexual intercourse; chaste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My past life</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath been as <i>continent</i>, as chaste, as
true,</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As I am now unhappy.<BR>
 <i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not interrupted; connected;
continuous; as, a <i>continent</i> fever.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The northeast part of Asia is, if not
<i>continent</i> with the west side of America, yet certainly it
is the least disoined by sea of all that coast.<BR>
<i>Berrewood.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"ti*nent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>continens</i>, prop., a holding together: cf. F.
<i>continent</i>. See <u>Continent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which contains anything; a
receptacle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The smaller <i>continent</i> which we call a
pipkin.<BR>
<i>Bp. Kennet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the grand divisions of land on
the globe; the main land; specifically <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i>, a
large body of land differing from an island, not merely in its
size, but in its structure, which is that of a large basin
bordered by mountain chains; as, the <i>continent</i> of North
America.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>continents</i> are now usually regarded as six
in number: North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa,
and Australia. But other large bodies of land are also reffered
to as continents; as, the Antarctic <i>continent</i>; the
<i>continent</i> of Greenland. Europe, Asia, and Africa are often
grouped together as the <i>Eastern Continent</i>, and North and
South America as the <i>Western Continent</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>The Continent</b></col>, <cd>the main land of Europe,
as distinguished from the islands, especially from
England.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con`ti*nen"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
continent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the main land of
Europe, in distinction from the adjacent islands, especially
England; as, a <i>continental</i> tour; a <i>continental</i>
coalition.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No former king had involved himself so frequently
in the labyrinth of <i>continental</i> alliances.<BR>
 <i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Amer. Hist.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the confederated colonies collectively, in the time of the
Revolutionary War; as, <i>Continental</i> money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The army before Boston was designated as the
<i>Continental</i> army, in contradistinction to that under
General Gage, which was called the "Ministerial army."<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Continental Congress</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Congress</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Continental system</b></col>
<i>(Hist.)</i>, <cd>the blockade of Great Britain ordered by
Napoleon by the decree of Berlin, Nov. 21, 1806; the object being
to strike a blow at the maritime and commercial supremacy of
Great Britain, by cutting her off from all intercourse with the
continent of Europe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con`ti*nen"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Amer.
Hist.)</i> <def>A soldier in the Continental army, or a piece of
the Continental currency. See <u>Continental</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"ti*nent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
continent manner; chastely; moderately; temperately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Contingency</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Contingencies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>contingence</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Union or connection; the state of
touching or contact.</def> "Point of <i>contingency</i>."  <i>J.
Gregory.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
contingent or casual; the possibility of coming to
pass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Aristotle says we are not to build certain rules
on the <i>contingency</i> of human actions.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An event which may or may not occur;
that which is possible or probable; a fortuitous event; a
chance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The remarkable position of the queen rendering her
death a most important <i>contingency</i>.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An adjunct or accessory.</def>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A certain possible event
that may or may not happen, by which, when happening, some
particular title may be affected.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Casualty; accident; chance.</p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contingens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>contingere</i> to
touch on all sides, to happen; <i>con-</i> + <i>tangere</i> to
touch: cf. F. <i>contingent</i>. See <u>Tangent</u>,
<u>Tact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possible, or liable, but
not certain, to occur; incidental; casual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Weighing so much actual crime against so much
<i>contingent</i> advantage.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dependent on that which is
undetermined or unknown; as, the success of his undertaking is
<i>contingent</i> upon events which he can not control.</def>
"Uncertain and <i>contingent</i> causes."  <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Dependent for effect on
something that may or may not occur; as, a <i>contingent</i>
estate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a <i>contingent</i> legacy be left to any one
when he attains, or if he attains, the age of twenty-one.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"gent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An event which may or may not happen; that which is
unforeseen, undetermined, or dependent on something future; a
contingency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His understanding could almost pierce into future
<i>contingents</i>.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which falls to one in a division
or apportionment among a number; a suitable share; proportion;
esp., a quota of troops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the Alps to the border of Flanders,
<i>contingents</i> were required . . . 200,000 men were in
arms.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"gent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
contingent manner; without design or foresight;
accidentally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"gent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being contingent; fortuitousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"u*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being continued</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>continuel</i>, F. <i>continuel</i>. See <u>Continue</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding without interruption or
cesstaion; continuous; unceasing; lasting; abiding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is of a merry heart hath a
<i>continual</i> feast.<BR>
<i>Prov. xv. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Occuring in steady and rapid
succession; very frequent; often repeated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The eye is deligh by a <i>continental</i>
succession of small landscapes.<BR>
<i>W. Irwing.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Continual proportionals</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>quantities in continued proportion.</cd>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Constant; prepetual; incessant; unceasing;
uninterrupted; unintermitted; continuous. See <u>Constant</u>,
and <u>Continuous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"u*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without cessation; unceasingly;
continuously; as, the current flows <i>continually</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why do not all animals <i>continually</i> increase
in bigness?<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In regular or repeated succession;
very often.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt eat bread at my table
<i>continually</i>.<BR>
<i>2 Sam. ix. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"u*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>continuance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A holding on, or
remaining in a particular state; permanence, as of condition,
habits, abode, etc.; perseverance; constancy; duration;
stay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great plagues, and of long <i>continuance</i>.<BR>
<i>Deut. xxviii. 59.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Patient <i>continuance</i> in well-doing.<BR>
<i>Rom. ii. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uninterrupted succession;
continuation; constant renewal; perpetuation;
propagation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brute immediately regards his own preservation
or the <i>continuance</i> of his species.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A holding together; continuity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
adjournment of the proceedings in a cause from one day, or from
one stated term of a court, to another.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The entry of such adjournment and the grounds thereof on the
record.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"u*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Continuing; prolonged; sustained; as, a <i>continuant</i>
sound.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A continuant sound; a
letter whose sound may be prolonged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>continuatus</i>, p. p. See <u>Continue</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Immediately united together; intimately
connected.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We are of Him and in Him, even as though our very
flesh and bones should be made <i>continuate</i> with his.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uninterrupted; unbroken; continual;
continued.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An untirable and <i>continuate</i> goodness.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 314 !></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>continuatio</i>: cf. F. <i>connuation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That act or state of continuing; the state of being
continued; uninterrupted extension or succession; prolongation;
propagation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Preventing the <i>continuation</i> of the royal
line.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which extends, increases,
supplements, or carries on; as, the <i>continuation</i> of a
story.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>continuation</i> of the version of
Statius.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"u*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>continuatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A
term or expression denoting continuance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To these may be added <i>continuatives</i>; as,
Rome remains to this day; which includes, at least, two
propositions, viz., Rome was, and Rome is.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word that continues
the connection of sentences or subjects; a connective; a
conjunction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Continuatives</i> . . . consolidate sentences
into one continuous whole.<BR>
<i>Harris.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"u*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>continuateur</i>.] <def>One who, or that which, continues;
esp., one who continues a series or a work; a continuer.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Continued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Continuing</u>.] [F. <i>continuer</i>, L.
<i>continuare</i>, <i>-tinuatum</i>, to connect, continue, fr.
<i>continuus</i>. See <u>Continuous</u>, and cf.
<u>Continuate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remain in a given
place or condition; to remain in connection with; to abide; to
stay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here to <i>continue</i>, and build up here<BR>
A growing empire.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>continue</i> with me now three days, and
have nothing to eat.<BR>
<i>Matt. xv. 32.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be permanent or durable; to endure;
to last.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But now thy kingdom shall not <i>continue</i>.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. xiii. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be steadfast or constant in any
course; to persevere; to abide; to endure; to persist; to keep up
or maintain a particular condition, course, or series of actions;
as, the army <i>continued</i> to advance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If ye <i>continue</i> in my word, then are ye my
disciples indeed.<BR>
<i>John viii. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To persevere; persist. See
<u>Persevere</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"ue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite; to connect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>the use of the navel is to <i>continue</i> the
infant unto the mother.<BR>
<i>Sir T. browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To protract or extend in duration; to
preserve or persist in; to cease not.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>continue</i> thy loving kindness unto them
that know thee.<BR>
<i>Ps. xxxvi. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>You know how to make yourself happy by only
<i>continuing</i> such a life as you have been long accustomed to
lead.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To carry onward or extend; to prolong
or produce; to add to or draw out in length.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bridge of wond'rous length,<BR>
From hell <i>continued</i>, reaching th' utmost orb<BR>
of this frail world.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To retain; to suffer or cause to
remain; as, the trustees were <i>continued</i>; also, to suffer
to live.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And how shall we <i>continue</i> Claudio.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"ued</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Having extension of time, space, order of events, exertion
of energy, etc.; extended; protracted; uninterrupted; also,
resumed after interruption; extending through a succession of
issues, session, etc.; as, a <i>continued</i> story.</def>
"<i>Continued</i> woe." <i>Jenyns.</i> "<i>Continued</i>
succession." <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Continued bass</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a bass
continued through an entire piece of music, while the other parts
of the harmony are indicated by figures beneath the bass; the
same as <i>thorough bass</i> or <i>figured bass</i>; basso
continuo.</cd> [It.] -- <col><b>Continued fever</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a fever which presents no interruption in its
course.</cd> -- <col><b>Continued fraction</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a fraction whose numerator is 1, and whose
denominator is a whole number plus a fraction whose numerator is
1 and whose denominator is a whole number, plus a fraction, and
so on.</cd> -- <col><b>Continued proportion</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a proportion composed of two or more equal
ratios, in which the consequent of each preceding ratio is the
same with the antecedent of the following one; as, 4 : 8 : 8 : 16
:: 16 : 32.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"u*ed*ly</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Continuously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"u*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
continues; one who has the power of perseverance or
persistence.</def> "Indulgent <i>continuers</i> in sin."
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I would my horse had the speed of your tongue, and
so good a <i>continuer</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`ti*nu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Continuities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>continuitas</i>: cf.
F. <i>continuit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Continuous</u>.] <def>the
state of being continuous; uninterrupted connection or
succession; close union of parts; cohesion; as, the
<i>continuity</i> of fibers.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sight would be tired, if it were attracted by
a <i>continuity</i> of glittering objects.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Law of continuity</b></col> <i>(Math. &amp; Physics)</i>,
<cd>the principle that nothing passes from one state to another
without passing through all the intermediate states.</cd> --
<col><b>Solution of continuity</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Solution</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Con*ti"nu*o</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>It</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Basso continuo, or continued
bass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>continuus</i>, fr. <i>continere</i> to hold together. See
<u>Continent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without break,
cessation, or interruption; without intervening space or time;
uninterrupted; unbroken; continual; unceasing; constant;
continued; protracted; extended; as, a <i>continuous</i> line of
railroad; a <i>continuous</i> current of electricity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>he can hear its <i>continuous</i> murmur.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Not deviating or varying
from uninformity; not interrupted; not joined or
articulated.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Continuous brake</b></col> <i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>a
brake which is attached to each car a train, and can be caused to
operate in all the cars simultaneously from a point on any car or
on the engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Continuous impost</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Impost</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Continuous</u>, <u>Continual</u>.
<i>Continuous</i> is the stronger word, and denotes that the
continuity or union of parts is absolute and uninterrupted; as, a
<i>continuous</i> sheet of ice; a <i>continuous</i> flow of water
or of argument. So Daniel Webster speaks of "a <i>continuous</i>
and unbroken strain of the martial airs of England."
<i>Continual</i>, in most cases, marks a close and unbroken
succession of things, rather than absolute continuity. Thus we
speak of <i>continual</i> showers, implying a repetition with
occasional interruptions; we speak of a person as liable to
<i>continual calls</i>, <i>or as subject to continual</i>
applications for aid, etc. See <u>Constant</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*tin"u*ous*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
a continuous maner; without interruption.</def> --
<wf>Con*tin"u*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cont"line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ropemaking)</i> <def>The space between the
strands on the outside of a rope.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The space between the
bilges of two casks stowed side by side.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con*tor"ni*ate</hw> (?), <hw>||Con*tor"ni*a`te</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, [It. <i>contorniato</i>, p. pr. of
<i>contorniare</i> to make a circuit or outline, fr.
<i>contorno</i> circuit, outline. See <u>Contour</u>.]
<i>(Numis.)</i> <def>A species of medal or medallion of bronze,
having a deep furrow on the contour or edge; -- supposed to have
been struck in the days of Constantine and his successors.</def>
<i>R. S. Poole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tor"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Contortion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tort"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contortus</i>, p. p. of <i>contorquere</i> to twist; <i>con-
</i> + <i>torquere</i> to twist. See <u>Torture</u>.] <def>To
twist, or twist together; to turn awry; to bend; to distort; to
wrest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vertebral arteries are variously
<i>contorted</i>.<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Kant <i>contorted</i> the term category from the
proper meaning of attributed.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tort"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Twisted, or twisted together.</def> "A <i>contorted</i>
chain of icicles."  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Twisted back upon itself, as some parts of plants.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Arranged so as to overlap each other;
as, petals in <i>contorted</i> or convolute
&aelig;stivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tor"tion</hw> (k&obreve;n*t&ocirc;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>contortio</i>: cf. F.
<i>contorsion</i>. See <u>Contort</u>, and cf. <u>Torsion</u>.]
<def>A twisting; a writhing; wry motion; a twist; as, the
<i>contortion</i> of the muscles of the face.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>contortions</i> of the sibyl, without
the inspiration.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tor"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes or practices contortions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tor"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Expressing contortion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tor*tu"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contortuplicatus</i>; <i>contortus</i> contorted +
<i>plicare</i> to fold.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Plaited lengthwise
and twisted in addition, as the bud of the morning-glory.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tour"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>contour</i>, fr. <i>contourner</i> to mark the outlines;
<i>con-</i> + <i>tourner</i> to turn. See <u>Turn</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The outline of a figure or body, or the
line or lines representing such an outline; the line that bounds;
periphery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Titian's coloring and <i>contours</i>.<BR>
<i>A. Drummond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The outline of a
horizontal section of the ground, or of works of
fortification.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Contour feathers</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>those feathers that form the general covering of a bird.</cd>
-- <col><b>Contour of ground</b></col> <i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>the
outline of the surface of ground with respect to its undulation,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Contour line</b></col> <i>(Topographical
Suv.)</i>, <cd>the line in which a horizontal plane intersects a
portion of ground, or the corresponding line in a map or
chart.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Con`tour`n&eacute;'</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.,
p. p. of <i>contourner</i> to twist.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Turned
in a direction which is not the usual one; -- said of an animal
turned to the sinister which is usually turned to the dexter, or
the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tour"ni*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Contorniate</u>.] <i>(Numis.)</i> <def>Having furrowed edges,
as if turned in a lathe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra</hw> (?). <def>A Latin adverb and preposition,
signifying <i>against</i>, <i>contrary</i>, <i>in opposition</i>,
etc., entering as a prefix into the composition of many English
words. Cf. <u>Counter</u>, <pos><i>adv. &
pref.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*band</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>contrabando</i>; <i>contra</i> + <i>bando</i> ban,
proclamation: cf. F. <i>contrebande</i>. See <u>Ban</u> an
edict.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Illegal or prohibited
traffic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Persons the most bound in duty to prevent
<i>contraband</i>, and the most interested in the seizures.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Goods or merchandise the importation
or exportation of which is forbidden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A negro slave, during the Civil War,
escaped to, or was brought within, the Union lines. Such slave
was considered contraband of war.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Contraband of war</b></col>, <cd>that which, according
to international law, cannot be supplied to a hostile belligerent
except at the risk of seizure and condemnation by the aggrieved
belligerent.</cd>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*band</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prohibited or
excluded by law or treaty; forbidden; as, <i>contraband</i>
goods, or trade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>contraband</i> will always keep pace, in
some measure, with the fair trade.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*band</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To import illegally, as prohibited goods;
to smuggle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To declare prohibited; to
forbid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The law severly <i>contrabands</i><BR>
Our taking business of men's hands.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*band*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Traffic in contraband goods; smuggling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*band`ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who traffics illegally; a smuggler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*bass"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Double bass; -- applied to any instrument of the same deep
range as the stringed double bass; as, the <i>contrabass</i>
ophicleide; the <i>contrabass</i> tuba or bombardon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*bas"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>contrabasso</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The largest kind of bass
viol. See <u>Violone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tract"</hw> (k&obreve;n*tr&abreve;kt"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contracted</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Contracting</u>.] [L.
<i>contractus</i>, p. p. of <i>contrahere</i> to contract;
<i>con-</i> + <i>trahere</i> to draw: cf. F. <i>contracter</i>.
See <u>Trace</u>, and cf. <u>Contract</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw together or nearer; to reduce to
a less compass; to shorten, narrow, or lessen; as, to
<i>contract</i> one's sphere of action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all things desuetude doth <i>contract</i> and
narrow our faculties.<BR>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw together so as to wrinkle; to
knit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou didst <i>contract</i> and purse thy brow.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring on; to incur; to acquire; as,
to <i>contract</i> a habit; to <i>contract</i> a debt; to
<i>contract</i> a disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each from each <i>contract</i> new strength and
light.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Such behavior we <i>contract</i> by having much
conversed with persons of high station.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To enter into, with mutual
obligations; to make a bargain or covenant for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have <i>contracted</i> an inviolable amity,
peace, and lague with the aforesaid queen.<BR>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Many persons . . . had <i>contracted</i> marriage
within the degrees of consanguinity . . . prohibited by law.<BR>
<i>Strype.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To betroth; to affiance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The truth is, she and I, long since
<i>contracted</i>,<BR>
Are now so sure, that nothing can dissolve us.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To shorten by omitting
a letter or letters or by reducing two or more vowels or
syllables to one.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To shorten; abridge; epitomize; narrow; lessen;
condense; reduce; confine; incur; assume.</p>

<p><hw>Con*tract"</hw> (k&obreve;n*tr&abreve;kt"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be drawn together so as
to be diminished in size or extent; to shrink; to be reduced in
compass or in duration; as, iron <i>contracts</i> in cooling; a
rope <i>contracts</i> when wet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Years <i>contracting</i> to a moment.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make an agreement; to covenant; to
agree; to bargain; as, to <i>contract</i> for carrying the
mail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"tract</hw> (k&obreve;n"tr&abreve;kt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contracted; as, a <i>contract</i>
verb.</def>  <i>Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tract"</hw> (k&obreve;n*tr&abreve;kt"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>contractus</i>, p. p.]
<def>Contracted; affianced; betrothed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tract</hw> (k&obreve;n"tr&abreve;kt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>contractus</i>, fr.
<i>contrahere</i>: cf. F. <i>contrat</i>, formerly also
<i>contract</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
agreement of two or more persons, upon a sufficient consideration
or cause, to do, or to abstain from doing, some act; an agreement
in which a party undertakes to do, or not to do, a particular
thing; a formal bargain; a compact; an interchange of legal
rights.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A formal writing which contains the
agreement of parties, with the terms and conditions, and which
serves as a proof of the obligation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of formally betrothing a man
and woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the the night of the <i>contract</i>.<BR>
<i>Longwellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Covenant; agreement; compact; stipulation;
bargain; arrangement; obligation. See <u>Covenant</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*tract"ed</hw> (k&obreve;n*tr&abreve;kt"&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Drawn together;
shrunken; wrinkled; narrow; as, a <i>contracted</i> brow; a
<i>contracted</i> noun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Narrow; illiberal; selfish; as, a
<i>contracted</i> mind; <i>contracted</i> views.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bargained for; betrothed; as, a
<i>contracted</i> peace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inquire me out <i>contracted</i> bachelors.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tract"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being contracted; narrowness; meanness;
selfishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tract`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being contracted; quality of being
contractible; as, the <i>contractibility</i> and dilatability of
air.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tract"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of contraction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Small air bladders distable and
<i>contractible</i>.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tract"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Contractibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tract"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>contractile</i>.] <def>tending to contract; having the power
or property of contracting, or of shrinking into shorter or
smaller dimensions; as, the <i>contractile</i> tissues.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heart's <i>contractile</i> force.<BR>
<i>H. Brooke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Each cilium seems to be composed of
<i>contractile</i> substance.<BR>
<i>Hixley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Contractile vacuole</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a pulsating cavity in the interior of a protozoan, supposed
to be excretory in function. There may be one, two, or
more.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con`trac*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or property by which bodies
shrink or contract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The power possessed
by the fibers of living muscle of contracting or
shortening.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When subject to the will, as in the muscles of
locomotion, such power is called <i>voluntary contractility</i>;
when not controlled by the will, as in the muscles of the heart,
it is <i>involuntary contractility</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*trac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contractio</i>: cf. F. <i>contraction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of contracting, shortening, or shrinking;
the state of being contracted; as, <i>contraction</i> of the
heart, of the pupil of the eye, or of a tendon; the
<i>contraction</i> produced by cold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The process of
shortening an operation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of incurring or becoming
subject to, as liabilities, obligation, debts, etc.; the process
of becoming subject to; as, the <i>contraction</i> of a
disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something contracted or abbreviated,
as a word or phrase; -- as, <i>plenipo</i> for
<i>plenipotentiary</i>; <i>crim. con.</i> for <i>criminal
conversation</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The shortening of a
word, or of two words, by the omission of a letter or letters, or
by reducing two or more vowels or syllables to one; as,
<i>ne'er</i> for <i>never</i>; <i>can't</i> for <i>can not</i>;
<i>don't</i> for <i>do not</i>; <i>it's</i> for <i>it
is</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A marriage contract.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*tract"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to contract; having the property or power or power of
contracting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tract"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who contracts; one of the parties to a bargain; one who covenants
to do anything for another; specifically, one who contracts to
perform work on a rather large scale, at a certain price or rate,
as in building houses or making a railroad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*trac"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contractura</i> a drawing together.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
state of permanent rigidity or contraction of the muscles,
generally of the flexor muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*dance`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>contra-</i> + <i>dance</i>: cf. F. <i>contrdance</i>. Cf.
<u>Country-dance</u>.] <def>A dance in which the partners are
arranged face to face, or in opposite lines.</def></p>

<p><! p. 315 !></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contradicted</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Contradicting</u>.] [L.
<i>contradictus</i>, p. p. of <i>contradicere</i> to speak
against; <i>contra</i> + <i>dicere</i> to speak. See
<u>Diction</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To assert the contrary
of; to oppose in words; to take issue with; to gainsay; to deny
the truth of, as of a statement or a speaker; to
impugn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dear Duff, I prithee, <i>contradict</i>
thyself,<BR>
And say it is not so.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The future can not <i>contradict</i> the past.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be contrary to; to oppose; to
resist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No truth can <i>contradict</i> another truth.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A greater power than we can <i>contradict</i><BR>
Hath thwarted our intents.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dict</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To oppose
in words; to gainsay; to deny, or assert the contrary of,
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . spake against those things which were
spoken by Paul, <i>contradicting</i> and blaspheming.<BR>
<i>Acts xiii. 45.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dict"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being contradicted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dict"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>one
who contradicts.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contradictio</i> answer, objection: cf. F.
<i>contradiction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An assertion of
the contrary to what has been said or affirmed; denial of the
truth of a statement or assertion; contrary declaration;
gainsaying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His fair demands<BR>
Shall be accomplished without <i>contradiction</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Direct opposition or repugnancy;
inconsistency; incongruity or contrariety; one who, or that
which, is inconsistent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>can he make deathless death? That were to make<BR>
Strange <i>contradiction</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We state our experience and then we come to a
manly resolution of acting in <i>contradiction</i> to it.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Both parts of a <i>contradiction</i> can not
possibly be true.<BR>
<i>Hobbes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Of <i>contradictions</i> infinite the slave.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Principle of contradiction</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>,
<cd>the axiom or law of thought that a thing cannot <i>be</i> and
<i>not be</i> at the same time, or a thing must either be or not
be, or the same attribute can not at the same time be affirmed
and and denied of the same subject.</cd> It develops itself in
three specific forms which have been called the "Three Logical
Axioms." <i>First</i>, "A is A." <i>Second</i>, "A is not Not-A"
<i>Third</i>, "Everything is either A or Not-A."
</p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dic"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Contradictory; inconsistent; opposing.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dic"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Filled with contradictions;
inconsistent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to contradict or cavil</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con`tra*dic"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dict"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Contradictory; inconsistent.</def> --
<wf>Con`tra*dict"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dict"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
contradicter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dict"o*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a contradictory manner.</def>  <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*dict`o*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being contradictory; opposition; inconsistency.</def>
<i>J. Whitaker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dict"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>contradictorius</i>: cf. F. <i>contradictoire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Affirming the contrary; implying a denial
of what has been asserted; also, mutually contradicting;
inconsistent.</def> "<i>Contradictory</i> assertions."
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Opposing or opposed;
repugnant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Schemes . . . <i>contradictory</i> to common
sense.<BR>
<i>Addisn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dict"o*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Contradictories</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A proposition or thing which denies or opposes another;
contrariety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is common with princes to will
<i>contradictories</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>propositions
with the same terms, but opposed to each other both in quality
and quantity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dis*tinct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Distinguished by opposite qualities.</def>  <i>J.
Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dis*tinc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Distinction by contrast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That there are such things as sins of infirmity in
<i>contradistinction</i> to those of presumption is not to be
questioned.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dis*tinc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>having the quality of contradistinction; distinguishing by
contrast.</def> -- <wf>Con`tra*dis*tinc"tive</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*dis*tin"guish</hw> (?; 144), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Contradistinguished</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Contradistinguishing</u>.] <def>To distinguish by a contrast
of opposite qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These are our complex ideas of soul and body, as
<i>contradistinguished</i>.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*fa*get"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The double bassoon, an octave deeper than the
bassoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*fis"sure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A fissure or fracture on the side opposite to
that which received the blow, or at some distance from it.</def>
 <i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*hent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contrahens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Contract</u>.] <def>Entering
into covenant; contracting; as, <i>contrahent</i> parties.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*in"di*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Something, as a symptom, indicating that the
usual mode of treatment is not to be followed.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*in*"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contraindicated</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Contraindicating</u> (?).]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>To indicate, as by a symptom, some method of
treatment contrary to that which the general tenor of the case
would seem to require.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Contraindicating</i> symptoms must be
observed.<BR>
<i>Harvey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*in`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(med.)</i> <def>An indication or symptom which forbids the
method of treatment usual in such cases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tral"to</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.,
fr. <i>contra</i> + <i>alto</i>. See <u>Alto</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The part sung by the highest male or
lowest female voices; the alto or counter tenor.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>the voice or singer performing this
part; as, her voice is a <i>contralto</i>; she is a
<i>contralto</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The usual range of the contralto voice is from G, below
middle C, to the C above that; though exceptionally it embraces
two octaves.</p>

<p><hw>Con*tral"to</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a contralto, or to the
part in music called contralto; as, a <i>contralto</i>
voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*mure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Countermure</u>.] <i>(fort.)</i> <def>An outer wall.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*nat"u*ral</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Counternatural</u>.] <def>Opposed to or against nature;
unnatural.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Rust.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>contra-</i> + <i>position</i>: cf. f. <i>conterposition</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A placing over against; opposite
position.</def> [Obs.]  <i>F. Potter.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A so-called immediate
inference which consists in denying the original subject of the
contradictory predicate; <i>e.g.</i>: Every S is P; therefore, no
Not-P is S.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*pun"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.
<i>contrappunto</i> counterpoint. See <u>Counterpoint</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or according to the rules of,
counterpoint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*pun"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>contrappuntista</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One skilled in
counterpoint.</def>  <i>L. Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*re*mon"strant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who remonstrates in opposition or answer to a
remonstrant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They did the synod wrong to make this distinction
of <i>contraremonstrants</i> and remonstrants.<BR>
<i>Hales.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tra"ri*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>contrarians</i>, p. pr. of <i>contrariare</i> to oppose, fr.
L. <i>contrarius</i>: cf. F. <i>contrariant</i>, p. pr. of
<i>contrarier</i> to contradict. See <u>Contrary</u>.]
<def>Contrary; opposed; antagonistic; inconsistent;
contradictory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The struggles of <i>contrariant</i> factions.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tra"ri*ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Contrarily.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*ries</hw> (? or &?;; 48), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[Pl. of <u>Contrary</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>Propositions which directly and destructively contradict
each other, but of which the falsehood of one does not establish
the truth of the other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If two universals differ in quality, they are
<i>contraries</i>; as, every vine is a tree; no vine is a tree.
These can never be both true together; but they may be both
false.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*ri"e*ty</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Contrarieties</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>contrarietas</i>: cf.
F. <i>contrari&eacute;t&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state or quality of being contrary; opposition; repugnance;
disagreement; antagonism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>contrariety</i> between those things
that conscience inclines to, and those that entertain the
senses.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something which is contrary to, or
inconsistent with, something else; an inconsistency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How can these <i>contrarieties</i> agree?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inconsistency; discrepancy; repugnance.</p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*ri*ly</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a contrary manner; in opposition; on the other side; in
opposite ways.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>state or
quality of being contrary; opposition; inconsistency;
contrariety; perverseness; obstinacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tra"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>contrariosus</i>: cf. OF. <i>contrarios</i>
<i>contralius</i>.] <def>Showing contrariety; repugnant;
perverse.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She flew <i>contrarious</i> in the face of
God.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tra"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Contrarily; oppositely.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*ri*wise</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On the contrary; oppositely; on the other
hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not rendering evil for evil, or railing for
railing; but <i>contrariwise</i>, blessing.<BR>
<i>1 Pet. iii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a contrary order;
conversely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Everything that acts upon the fluids must, at the
same time, act upon the solids, and <i>contrariwise</i>.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*ro*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Circular motion in a direction contrary to some other
circular motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*ry</hw> (? or ?; 48), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>contrarie</i>, <i>contraire</i>, F. <i>contraire</i>, fr. L.
<i>contrarius</i>, fr. <i>contra</i>. See <u>Contra-</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Opposite; in an opposite direction; in
opposition; adverse; as, <i>contrary</i> winds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And if ye walk <i>contrary</i> unto me, and will
not hearken unto me.<BR>
<i>Lev. xxvi. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We have lost our labor; they are gone a
<i>contrary</i> way.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Opposed; contradictory; repugnant;
inconsistent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fame, if not double-faced, is double mouthed,<BR>
And with <i>contrary</i> blast proclaims most deeds.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The doctrine of the earth's motion appeared to be
<i>contrary</i> to the sacred Scripture.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Given to opposition; perverse;
forward; wayward; as, a <i>contrary</i> disposition; a
<i>contrary</i> child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Affirming the opposite;
so opposed as to destroy each other; as, <i>contrary</i>
propositions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Contrary motion</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the
progression of parts in opposite directions, one ascending, the
other descending.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Adverse; repugnant; hostile; inimical;
discordant; inconsistent.</p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Contraries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thing that is of contrary or opposite qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>contraries</i> hold more antipathy<BR>
Than I and such a knave.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An opponent; an enemy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>the opposite; a proposition, fact, or
condition incompatible with another; as, slender proofs which
rather show the <i>contrary</i>. See <u>Converse</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>See
<u>Contraries</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>On the contrary</b></col>, <cd>in opposition; on the
other hand.</cd> <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>To the
contrary</b></col>, <cd>to an opposite purpose or intent; on the
other side.</cd> "They did it, not for want of instruction <i>to
the contrary</i>." <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>contrarier</i>. See <u>Contrary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>To contradict or oppose; to thwart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I was advised not to <i>contrary</i> the king.<BR>
<i>Bp. Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*trast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contrasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Contrasting</u>.] [F. <i>contraster</i>, LL.
<i>contrastare</i> to resist, withstand, fr. L. <i>contra +
stare</i> to stand. See <u>Stand</u>.] <def>To stand in
opposition; to exhibit difference, unlikeness, or opposition of
qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The joints which divide the sandstone
<i>contrast</i> finely with the divisional planes which separate
the basalt into pillars.<BR>
<i>Lyell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*trast"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set in opposition, or over against, in
order to show the differences between, or the comparative
excellences and defects of; to compare by difference or
contrariety of qualities; as, to <i>contrast</i> the present with
the past.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>To give greater
effect to, as to a figure or other object, by putting it in some
relation of opposition to another figure or object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>the figures of the groups must not be all on side
. . . but must <i>contrast</i> each other by their several
position.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"trast</hw> (k&obreve;n"tr&adot;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>contraste</i>: cf. It.
<i>contrasto</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
contrasting, or the state of being contrasted; comparison by
contrariety of qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>place the prospect of the soul<BR>
In sober <i>contrast</i> with reality.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Opposition or dissimilitude of things
or qualities; unlikeness, esp. as shown by juxtaposition or
comparison.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>contrasts</i> and resemblances of the
seasons.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The opposition of
varied forms, colors, etc., which by such juxtaposition more
vividly express each other's peculiarities.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*stim"u*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Counteracting the effects of stimulants; relating to a
course of medical treatment based on a theory of
contrastimulants.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An agent which counteracts the effect of a
stimulant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Contra-
</u>.] <def>Having cogs or teeth projecting parallel to the axis,
instead of radiating from it.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Contrate wheel</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Crown
wheel</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*ten`or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Counter tenor</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Counter tenor;
contralto.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*val*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>contra-</i> + <i>vallation</i>: cf. F. <i>contrevallation</i>.
Cf. <u>Countervallation</u>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A trench
guarded with a parapet, constructed by besiegers, to secure
themselves and check sallies of the besieged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*vene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contravened</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Contravening</u>.] [LL.
<i>contravenire</i>; L. <i>contra + venire</i> to come: cf. F.
<i>contrevenir</i>. See <u>Come</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
meet in the way of opposition; to come into conflict with; to
oppose; to contradict; to obstruct the operation of; to
defeat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So plain a proposition . . . was not likely to be
<i>contravened</i>.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To violate; to nullify; to be
inconsistent with; as, to <i>contravene</i> a law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Laws that place the subjects in such a state
<i>contravene</i> the first principles of the compact of
authority.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To contradict; set aside; nullify; defeat;
cross; obstruct; baffle; thwart.</p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*ven"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
contravenes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*ven"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>contravention</i>.] <def>The act of contravening; opposition;
obstruction; transgression; violation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Warrants in <i>contravention</i> of the acts of
Parliament.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>contravention</i> of all his marriage
stipulations.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
turning to the opposite side; antistrophe.</def>
 <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*yer"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>contrayerba</i>, literally, a counter herb, hence, an antidote
for poison, fr. l. <i>contra + herba</i> herb.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A species of <i>Dorstenia</i> (<i>D. Contrayerva</i>), a
South American plant, the aromatic root of which is sometimes
used in medicine as a gentle stimulant and tonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con`tre*coup"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>contre</i> (L. <i>contra</i>) + <i>coup</i> a blow.]
<i>(med.)</i> <def>A concussion or shock produced by a blow or
other injury, in a part or region opposite to that at which the
blow is received, often causing rupture or disorganisation of the
parts affected.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con`tre*temps"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>contre</i> (L. <i>conta</i>) + <i>temps</i> time, fr. L.
<i>tempus</i>.] <def>An unexpected and untoward accident;
something inopportune or embarrassing; a hitch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this unhappy <i>contretemps</i>.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*trib"u*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being contributed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*trib"u*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contributory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tributary; contributing.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It was situated on the Ganges, at the place where
this river received a <i>contributary</i> stream.<BR>
<i>D'Anville (Trans. ).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*trib"ute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contributed</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Contributing</u>.] [L.
<i>contributus</i>, p. p. of <i>contribuere</i> to bring
together, to add; <i>con-</i> + <i>tribuere</i> to grant, impart.
See <u>Tribute</u>.] <def>To give or grant i common with others;
to give to a common stock or for a common purpose; to furnish or
suply in part; to give (money or other aid) for a specified
object; as, to <i>contribute</i> food or fuel for the
poor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>England <i>contributes</i> much more than any
other of the allies.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*trib"ute</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a part to a common stock; to lend
assistance or aid, or give something, to a common purpose; to
have a share in any act or effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are engaged in war; the secretary of state
calls upon the colonies to <i>contribute</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give or use one's power or
influence for any object; to assist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These men also <i>contributed</i> to obstruct the
progress of wisdom.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tri*bu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contributio</i>: cf. F. <i>contribution</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of contributing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is contributed; -- either
the portion which an individual furnishes to the common stock, or
the whole which is formed by the gifts of individuals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A certain <i>contribution</i> for the poor saints
which are at jerusalem.<BR>
<i>Rom. xv. 26.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Aristotle's actual <i>contributions</i> to the
physical sciences.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An irregular and
arbitrary imposition or tax leved on the people of a town or
country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These sums, . . . and the forced
<i>contributions</i> paid by luckless peasants, enabled him to
keep his straggling troops together.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Payment, by each of
several jointly liable, of a share in a loss suffered or an
amount paid by one of their number for the common
benefit.</def></p>

<p><! p. 316 !></p>

<p><hw>Con`tri*bu"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or furnishing, a contribution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*trib"u*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Contributing, or tending to contribute.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*trib"u*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, contributes; specifically, one who writes
articles for a newspaper or magazine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*trib"u*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Contributing to the same stock or purpose; promoting the
same end; bringing assistance to some joint design, or increase
to some common stock; contributive.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bonfires of <i>contributory</i> wood.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Contributory negligence</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>negligence by an injured party, which combines with the
negligence of the injurer in producing the injury, and which bars
recovery when it is the proximate cause of the injury.</cd>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*trib"u*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Contributories</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who contributes,
or is liable to be called upon to contribute, as toward the
discharge of a common indebtedness.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*trist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>contrister</i>. See <u>Contristate</u>.] <def>To make
sad.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To deject and <i>contrist</i> myself.<BR>
<i>Sterne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tris"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contristatus</i>, p. p. of <i>contristare</i> to sadden;
<i>con-</i> + <i>tristis</i> sad.] <def>To make sorrowful.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"trite</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contritus</i> bruised, p. p. of <i>contrere</i> to grind,
bruise; <i>con-</i> + <i>terere</i> to rub, grind: cf. F.
<i>contrit</i> See <u>Trite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Thoroughly bruised or broken.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Broken down with grief and penitence;
deeply sorrowful for sin because it is displeasing to God; humbly
and thoroughly penitent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>contrite</i> heart, O God, thou wilt not
despise.<BR>
<i>Ps. li. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Be penitent, and for thy fault
<i>contrite</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Penitent; repentant; humble; sorrowful.</p>

<p><hw>Con"trite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contrite
person.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"trite</hw>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>In a contrite
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"trite`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Deep sorrow
and penitence for sin; contrition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*tri"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>contrition</i>, L. <i>contritio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of grinding or ribbing to powder; attrition;
friction; rubbing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The breaking of their parts into less parts by
<i>contrition</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being contrite; deep
sorrow and repentance for sin, because sin is displeasing to God;
humble penitence; through repentance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My future days shall be one whole
<i>contrition</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- repentance; penitence; humiliation;
compunction; self-reproach; remorse.  -- <u>Contrition</u>,
<u>Attrition</u>, <u>repentance</u>. -- <i>Contrition</i> is deep
sorrow and self-condemnation, with through repetance for sin
because it is displeasing to God, and implies a feeling of love
toward God. <i>Attrition</i> is sorrow for sin, or imperfect
repentance produced by fear of punishment or a sense of the
baseness of sin. <i>Repentance</i> is a penitent renunciation of,
and turning from, sin; thorough repentance produces a new life.
<i>Repentance</i> is often used as synonymous with
<i>contrition</i>. See <u>Compunction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*trit"u*rate</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To triturate; to pulverize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con*triv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being contrived, planned, invented, or devised.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A perpetual motion may seem easily
<i>contrivable</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*triv"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or faculty of contriving,
inventing, devising, or planning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The machine which we are inspecting demonstrates,
by its construction, <i>contrivance</i> and design.
<i>Contrivance</i> must have had a contriver.<BR>
<i>Paley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing contrived, invented, or
planned; disposition of parts or causes by design; a scheme;
plan; artifice; arrangement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Government is a <i>contrivance</i> of human wisdom
to provide for human wants.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Device; plan; scheme; invention; machine;
project; design; artifice; shift. See <u>Device</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*trive"</hw> (k&obreve;n*tr&imacr;v"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contrived</u>
(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Contriving</u>.] [OE.
<i>contriven</i>, <i>contreven</i>, <i>controven</i>, to invent,
OF. <i>controver</i>, <i>contruver</i>; <i>con-</i> +
<i>trouver</i> to find. See <u>Troubadour</u>, <u>trover</u>.]
<def>To form by an exercise of ingenuity; to devise; to invent;
to design; to plan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What more likely to <i>contrive</i> this admirable
frame of the universe than infinite wisdom.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>neither do thou imagine that I shall
<i>contrive</i> aught against his life.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To invent; discover; plan; design; project;
plot; concert; hatch.</p>

<p><hw>Con*trive"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
devices; to form designs; to plan; to scheme; to plot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Fates with traitors do <i>contrive</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast <i>contrived</i> against th very
life<BR>
Of the defendant.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*trive"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Contrivance; invention; arrangement; design; plan.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Consider the admirable <i>contrivement</i> and
artifice of this great fabric.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Active to meet their <i>contrivements</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir G. Buck.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*triv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
contrives, devises, plans, or schemas.</def>
 <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*trol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>contr&ocirc;le</i> a counter register, contr. fr. <i>contr-
r&ocirc;le</i>; <i>contre</i> (L. <i>contra</i>) +
<i>r&ocirc;le</i> roll, catalogue. See <u>Counter</u> and
<u>Roll</u>, and cf. <u>Counterroll</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A duplicate book, register, or account, kept to correct or
check another account or register; a counter register.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which serves to check, restrain,
or hinder; restraint.</def> "Speak without <i>control</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Power or authority to check or
restrain; restraining or regulating influence; superintendence;
government; as, children should be under parental
<i>control</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The House of Commons should exercise a
<i>control</i> over all the departments of the executive
administration.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Board of control</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Board</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*trol"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Controlled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Controlling</u>.] [F. <i>contr&ocirc;ler</i>, fr.
<i>contr&ocirc;le</i>.] [Formerly written <i>comptrol</i> and
<i>controul</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To check by a counter
register or duplicate account; to prove by counter statements; to
confute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This report was <i>controlled</i> to be false.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exercise restraining or governing
influence over; to check; to counteract; to restrain; to
regulate; to govern; to overpower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me a staff of honor for mine age,<BR>
But not a scepter to <i>control</i> the world.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I feel my virtue struggling in my soul:<BR>
But stronger passion does its power <i>control</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To restrain; rule; govern; manage; guide;
regulate; hinder; direct; check; curb; counteract; subdue.</p>

<p><hw>Con*trol`la*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being controlled; controllableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*trol"la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being controlled, checked, or restrained;
amenable to command.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Passion is the drunkeness of the mind, and,
therefore, . . . not always <i>controllable</i> by reason.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*trol"la*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being controlled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*trol"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>control</i>, v. t.: cf. F. <i>contr&ocirc;leur</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, controls or
restraines; one who has power or authority to regulate or
control; one who governs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>controller</i> of our fate<BR>
Deigned to be man, and lived in low estate.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An officer appointed to keep a counter
register of accounts, or to examine, rectify, or verify
accounts.</def> [More commonly written <i>controller</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An iron block, usually
bolted to a ship's deck, for controlling the running out of a
chain cable. The links of the cable tend to drop into hollows in
the block, and thus hold fast until disengaged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*trol"ler*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office of a controller.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*trol"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The power or act of controlling; the
state of being restrained; control; restraint; regulation;
superintendence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You may do it without <i>controlment</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Opposition; resistance;
hostility.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here have we war for war, and blood for blood,<BR>
<i>Controlment</i> for controlment.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tro*ver"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Turning or looking opposite ways.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The temple of Janus, with his two
<i>controversal</i> faces.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Controversial.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`tro*ver"sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Controversial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tro*verse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>controverse</i>.] <def>Controversy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tro*verse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>controversari</i>, fr. <i>controversus</i> turned against,
disputed.] <def>To dispute; to controvert.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Controversed</i> causes."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tro*ver`ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
disputant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con`tro*ver"sial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>controversialis</i>.] <def>Relating to, or consisting of,
controversy; disputatious; polemical; as, <i>controversial</i>
divinity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whole libraries of <i>controversial</i> books.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tro*ver"sial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who carries on a controversy; a disputant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Johnson] was both intellectually and morally
of the stuff of which <i>controversialists</i> are made.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tro*ver"sial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
controversial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tro*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act
of controverting; controversy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tro*ver`sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
controverser.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"tro*ver`sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Controversies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>controversia</i>, fr.
<i>controversus</i> turned against, disputed; <i>contro-</i> =
<i>contra</i> + <i>versus</i>, p. p. of <i>vertere</i> to turn.
See <u>Verse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contention; dispute;
debate; discussion; agitation of contrary opinions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This left no room for <i>controversy</i> about the
title.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A dispute is commonly oral, and a
<i>controversy</i> in writing.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Quarrel; strife; cause of variance;
difference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord hath a <i>controversy</i> with the
nations.<BR>
<i>Jer. xxv. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A suit in law or equity; a question of
right.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When any man that had a <i>controversy</i> came to
the king for judgment.<BR>
<i>2 Sam. xv. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dispute; debate; disputation; disagreement;
altercation; contention; wrangle; strife; quarrel.</p>

<p><hw>Con"tro*vert</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Controverted</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Controverting</u>.] [See
<u>Controversy</u>.] <def>To make matter of controversy; to
dispute or oppose by reasoning; to contend against in words or
writings; to contest; to debate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>controverted</i> points had decided
according to the sense of the best jurists.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"tro*ver`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who controverts; a controversial writer; a
controversialist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>controverters</i> in divinity are like
swaggerers in a tavern.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tro*ver"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being controverted; disputable; admitting of
question.</def> -- <wf>Con`tro*ver"ti*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con"tro*ver`tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in or given to controversy; a controversialist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How unfriendly is the <i>controvertist</i> to the
discernment of the critic!<BR>
<i>Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con*tu"ber*nal</hw> (?), <hw>Con`tu*ber"ni*al</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>contubernalis</i> a tent
companion, fr. <i>contubernium</i> tent companionship.]
<def>Living or messing together; familiar; in
companionship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Humble folk ben Christes friends: they ben
<i>contubernial</i> with the Lord, thy King.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`tu*ma"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contumax</i>, <i>-acis</i>. See <u>Contumacy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting contumacy; contemning
authority; obstinate; perverse; stubborn; disobedient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is another very, efficacious method for
subding the most obstinate, <i>contumacious sinner</i>.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Willfully disobedient to
the summous or prders of a court.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stubborn; obstinate; obdurate; disobedient;
perverse; unyielding; headstrong.</p>

<p> -- <wf>Con`tu*ma"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Con`tu*ma"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con"tu*ma*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Contumacies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>contumacia</i>, fr.
<i>contumax</i>, <i>-acis</i>, insolent; prob. akin to
<i>contemnere</i> to despise: cf. F. <i>contumace</i>. Cf.
<u>Contemn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Stubborn perverseness;
pertinacious resistance to authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bishop commanded him . . . to be thrust into
the stocks for his manifest and manifold <i>contumacy</i>.<BR>
<i>Strype.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A willful contempt of,
and disobedience to, any lawful summons, or to the rules and
orders of court, as a refusal to appear in court when legally
summoned.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stubbornness; perverseness; obstinacy.</p>

<p><hw>Con`tu*me"li*ous</hw> (?or ?; 106), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>contumeliosus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting
contumely; rudely contemptuous; insolent; disdainful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scoffs, and scorns, and <i>contumelious</i>
taunts.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Curving a <i>contumelious</i> lip.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shameful; disgraceful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con`tu*me"li*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Con`tu*me"li*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con"tu*me*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contumelia</i>, prob. akin to <i>contemnere</i> to despise:
cf. OF. <i>contumelie</i>. Cf. <u>Contumacy</u>.] <def>Rudeness
compounded of haughtiness and contempt; scornful insolence;
despiteful treatment; disdain; contemptuousness in act or speech;
disgrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's
<i>contumely</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing aggravates tyranny so much as
<i>contumely</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*tuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Contused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Contusing</u>.] [L. <i>contusus</i>, p. p. of
<i>contundere</i> to beat, crush; <i>con-</i> + <i>tundere</i> to
beat, akin to Skr. <i>tud</i> (for <i>stud</i>) to strike, Goth.
<i>stautan</i>. See <u>Stutter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
beat, pound, or bray together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Roots, barks, and seeds <i>contused</i>
together.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bruise; to injure or disorganize a
part without breaking the skin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Contused wound</b></col>, <cd>a wound attended with
bruising.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*tu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>contusio</i>: cf. F. <i>contusion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of beating, bruising, or pounding; the
state of being beaten or bruised.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A bruise; an injury
attended with more or less disorganization of the subcutaneous
tissue and effusion of blood beneath the skin, but without
apparent wound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*nun"drum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Origin
unknown.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of riddle based upon
some fanciful or fantastic resemblance between things quite
unlike; a puzzling question, of which the answer is or involves a
pun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or pun ambiguous, or <i>conundrum</i> quaint.<BR>
<i>J. Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A question to which only a conjectural
answer can be made.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do you think life is long enough to let me
speculate on <i>conundrums</i> like that?<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*nure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>conurus</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a cone + &?; tail. The name alludes
to the tapering tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American
parrakeet of the genus <i>Conurus</i>. Many species are known.
See <u>Parrakeet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a cone.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Linnean genus of
mollusks having a conical shell. See <u>Cone</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"u*sa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cognizable; liable to be tried or judged.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"u*sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>See <u>Cognizant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`u*sor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>See <u>Cognizor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`va*lesce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Convalesced</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Convalescing</u>.] [L.
<i>convalscere</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>valescere</i> to grow
strong, v. incho. of <i>valere</i> to be strong. See
<u>Vallant</u>.] <def>To recover health and strength gradually,
after sickness or weakness; as, a patient begins to
<i>convalesce</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`va*lesced"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Convalescent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He found the queen somewhat
<i>convalesced</i>.<BR>
<i>J. Knox.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con`va*les"cence</hw> (?), <hw>Con`va*les"cen*cy</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>convalescentia</i>: cf. F.
<i>convalescence</i>.] <def>The recovery of heath and strength
after disease; the state of a body renewing its vigor after
sickness or weakness; the time between the subsidence of a
disease and complete restoration to health.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`va*les"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>convalescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr.: cf. F.
<i>convalescent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Recovering from
sickness or debility; partially restored to health or
strength.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
convalescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`va*les"cent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
recovering from sickness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`va*les"cent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
the manner of a convalescent; with increasing strength or
vigor.</def></p>

<p><! p. 317 !></p>

<p><hw>Con*val"la*ma`rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Convallaria</i> + L. <i>amarus</i> bitter.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white, crystalline, poisonous substance, regarded as a
glucoside, extracted from the lily of the valley (<i>Convallaria
Majalis</i>). Its taste is first bitter, then sweet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con`val*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
from L. <i>convallis</i> a valley; <i>con-</i> + <i>vallis</i>
valley.] <i>(Bot. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>The lily of the
valley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`val*la"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline glucoside, of an
irritating taste, extracted from the convallaria or lily of the
valley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>convectio</i>, fr. <i>convehere</i> to bring together; <i>con-
</i> + <i>vehere</i> to carry.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or process of conveying or transmitting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A process of transfer
or transmission, as of heat or electricity, by means of currents
in liquids or gases, resulting from changes of temperature and
other causes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Liquids are generally heated by <i>convection</i>
-- when heat is applied from bellow.<BR>
<i>Nichol.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*vec"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Caused or
accomplished by convection; as, a <i>convective</i> discharge of
electricity.</def>  <i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vec"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
convective manner.</def>  <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vel"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>convellens</i>, p. pr. of <i>convellere</i>. See
<u>Convulse</u>.] <def>Tending to tear or pull up.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The ends of the fragment . . . will not yield to
the <i>convellent</i> force.<BR>
<i>Todd &amp; Bowman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being convened or assembled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"ve*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>convenable</i>, fr. <i>convenir</i>. See <u>Convene</u>.]
<def>Consistent; accordant; suitable; proper; as,
<i>convenable</i> remedies.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With his wod his work is <i>convenable</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"ve*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fitness,
suitableness.] <def>That which is suitable, agreeable, or
convenient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And they missed<BR>
Their wonted <i>convenance</i>, cheerly hid the loss.<BR>
<i>Emerson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*vene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Convened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Convenong</u>.] [L. <i>convenire</i>; <i>con-</i>
+ <i>venire</i> to come: cf. F. <i>convenir</i> to agree, to be
fitting, OF. also, to assemble. See <u>Come</u>, and cf.
<u>Covenant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come together; to
meet; to unite.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In shortsighted men . . . the rays converge and
<i>convene</i> in the eyes before they come at the bottom.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come together, as in one body or
for a public purpose; to meet; to assemble.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Parliament of Scotland now
<i>convened</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir R. Baker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Faint, underneath, the household fowls
<i>convene</i>.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To meet; to assemble; to congregate; to
collect; to unite.</p>

<p><hw>Con*vene"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to assemble; to call together; to
convoke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And now the almighty father of the gods<BR>
<i>Convenes</i> a council in the blest abodes.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To summon judicially to meet or
appear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the papal canon law, clerks . . . can not be
<i>convened</i> before any but an ecclesiastical judge.<BR>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who convenes or meets with
others.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who calls an assembly together or
convenes a meeting; hence, the chairman of a committee or other
organized body.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Con*ven"ience</hw> (?; 106), <hw>Con*ven"ien*cy</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>convenientia</i> agreement,
fitness. See <u>Convenient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state or quality of being convenient; fitness or suitableness, as
of place, time, etc.; propriety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let's further think of this;<BR>
Weigh what <i>convenience</i> both of time and means<BR>
May fit us to our shape.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>With all brief and plain <i>conveniency</i>,<BR>
Let me have judgment.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from discomfort, difficulty,
or trouble; commodiousness; ease; accommodation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus necessity invented stools,<BR>
<i>Convenience</i> next suggested elbow chairs.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We are rather intent upon the end of God's glory
than our own <i>conveniency</i>.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is convenient; that which
promotes comfort or advantage; that which is suited to one's
wants; an accommodation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A pair of spectacles and several other little
<i>conveniences</i>.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A convenient or fit time; opportunity;
as, to do something at one's <i>convenience</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"ient</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conveniens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, suitable, p. pr. of
<i>convenire</i> to be suitable, to come. See <u>Convene</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fit or adapted;
suitable; proper; becoming; appropriate.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Feed me with food <i>convenient</i> for me.<BR>
<i>Prov. xxx. 8.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor
jesting, which are not <i>convenient</i>.<BR>
<i>Eph. v. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affording accommodation or advantage;
well adapted to use; handly; as, a <i>convenient</i> house;
<i>convenient</i> implements or tools.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Seasonable; timely; opportune; as, a
<i>convenient</i> occasion; a <i>convenient</i> season.</def>
<i>Acts xxiv. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Near at hand; easy of access.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hereties used to be brought thither,
<i>convenient</i> for burning.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fit; suitable; proper; adapted; fitted; suited;
handly; commodious.</p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"ient*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
convenient manner, form, or situation; without
difficulty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"vent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conventus</i> a meeting, LL. also, a convent. See
<u>Convene</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A coming together; a meeting.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A usual ceremony at their [the witches]
<i>convents</i> or meetings.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An association or community of
recluses devoted to a religious life; a body of monks or
nuns.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of our <i>convent</i>, and his [the duke's]
confessor.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A house occupied by a community of
religious recluses; a monastery or nunnery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One seldom finds in Italy a spot of ground more
agreeable than ordinary that is not covered with a
<i>convent</i>.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Nunnery; monastery; abbey. See
<u>Cloister</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con*vent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conventus</i>, p. p. of <i>convenire</i>. See <u>Convene</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To meet
together; to concur.</def> [obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be convenient; to serve.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When that is known and golden time
<i>convents</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*vent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To call
before a judge or judicature; to summon; to convene.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vent"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
from, or pertaining to, a convent.</def> "<i>Conventical</i>
wages."  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Conventical prior</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Prior</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"ti*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conventiculum</i>, dim. of <i>conventus</i>: cf. F.
<i>conventicule</i>. See <u>Convent</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small assembly or gathering; esp., a
secret assembly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are commanded to abstain from all
<i>conventicles</i> of men whatsoever.<BR>
 <i>Ayliffe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assembly for religious worship;
esp., such an assembly held privately, as in times of
persecution, by Nonconformists or Dissenters in England, or by
Covenanters in Scotland; -- often used opprobriously, as if those
assembled were heretics or schismatics.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first Christians could never have had recourse
to nocturnal or clandestine <i>conventicles</i> till driven to
them by the violence of persecution.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A sort of men who . . . attend its [the curch of
England's] service in the morning, and go with their wives to a
<i>conventicle</i> in the afternoon.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"ti*cler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who supports or frequents conventicles.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"ti*cling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Belonging or going to, or resembling, a conventicle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conventicling</i> schools . . . set up and
taught secretly by fanatics.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conventio</i>: cf. F. <i>convention</i>. See <u>Convene</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
coming together; the state of being together; union;
coalition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>conventions</i> or associations of several
particles of matter into bodies of any certain denomination.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>General agreement or concurrence;
arbitrary custom; usage; conventionality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are thousands now<BR>
Such women, but <i>convention</i> beats them down.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A meeting or an assembly of persons,
esp. of delegates or representatives, to accomplish some specific
object, -- civil, social, political, or ecclesiastical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He set himself to the making of good laws in a
grand <i>convention</i> of his nobles.<BR>
<i>Sir R. Baker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>convention</i> of delegates from all the
States, to meet in Philadelphia, for the sole and express purpose
of reserving the federal system, and correcting its defects.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Hist)</i> <def>An extraordinary
assembly of the parkiament or estates of the realm, held without
the king's writ, -- as the assembly which restored Charles II. to
the throne, and that which declared the throne to be abdicated by
James II.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our gratitude is due . . . to the Long Parliament,
to the <i>Convention</i>, and to William of Orange.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An agreement or contract less formal
than, or preliminary to, a treaty; an informal compact, as
between commanders of armies in respect to suspension of
hostilities, or between states; also, a formal agreement between
governments or sovereign powers; as, a postal <i>convention</i>
between two governments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>convention</i>, I think from my soul, is
nothing but a stipulation for national ignominy; a truce without
a suspension of hostilities.<BR>
<i>Ld. Chatham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>convention</i> with the State of Georgia
has been ratified by their Legislature.<BR>
<i>T. Jefferson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conventionalis</i>: cf. F. <i>conventionnel</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formed by agreement or compact;
stipulated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conventional</i> services reserved by tenures
upon grants, made out of the crown or knights' service.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Growing out of, or depending on,
custom or tacit agreement; sanctioned by general concurrence or
usage; formal.</def> "<i>Conventional</i> decorum."
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>conventional</i> language appropriated to
monarchs.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The ordinary salutations, and other points of
social behavior, are <i>conventional</i>.<BR>
<i>Latham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Based upon tradition, whether religious and historical or of
artistic rules.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Abstracted;
removed from close representation of nature by the deliberate
selection of what is to be represented and what is to be
rejected; as, a <i>conventional</i> flower; a <i>conventional</i>
shell.  Cf. <u>Conventionalize</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is received or established by
convention or arbitrary agreement; that which is in accordance
with the fashion, tradition, or usage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the artifice and <i>conventionalism</i> of
life.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They gaze on all with dead, dim eyes, -- wrapped
in <i>conventionalisms</i>, . . . simulating feelings according
to a received standard.<BR>
<i>F. W. Robertson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The principles or
practice of conventionalizing. See <u>Conventionalize</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"tion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who adheres to a convention or
treaty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is governed by
conventionalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven`tion*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Conventionalities</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The
state of being conventional; adherence to social formalities or
usages; that which is established by conventional use; one of the
customary usages of social life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven`tion*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Fine Arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of making
conventional.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The state of being
conventional.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"tion*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conventionalized</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Conventionalizing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make conventional; to bring under the
influence of, or cause to conform to, conventional rules; to
establish by usage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>To represent by selecting the important features and those
which are expressible in the medium employed, and omitting the
others.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To represent according to
an established principle, whether religious or traditional, or
based upon certain artistic rules of supposed
importance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"tion*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>To make designs in art, according to
conventional principles. Cf. <u>Conventionalize</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
conventional manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Acting under contract; settled by express agreement; as,
<i>conventionary</i> tenants.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R. Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who belongs to a convention or assembly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"tion*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who enters into a convention, covenant, or contract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"tu*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>conventualis</i>: cf. F. <i>conventuel</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a convent; monastic.</def> "A <i>conventual</i>
garb."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Conventual church</b></col>, <cd>a church attached or
belonging to a convent or monastery.</cd>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ven"tu*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
lives in a convent; a monk or nun; a recluse.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*verge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Converged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Converging</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>con-</i> + L.
<i>vergere</i> to turn, incline; cf. F. <i>converger</i>. See
<u>Verge</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To tend to one point;
to incline and approach nearer together; as, lines
<i>converge</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mountains <i>converge</i> into a single
ridge.<BR>
<i>Jefferson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*verge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
tend to one point; to cause to incline and approach nearer
together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>converge</i> its rays to a focus of dazzling
brilliancy.<BR>
<i>Tyndall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con*ver"gence</hw> (?), <hw>Con*ver"gen*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>convergence</i>.] <def>The
condition or quality of converging; tendency to one
point.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>convergence</i> or divergence of the rays
falling on the pupil.<BR>
<i>Berkeley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ver"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>convergent</i>.] <def>tending to one point of focus; tending
to approach each other; converging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As many rays of light, as conveniently can be let
in, and made <i>convergent</i>.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The vast dome of its cathedral . . . directing its
<i>convergent</i> curves to heaven.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ver"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to one point; approaching each other; convergent; as,
<i>converging</i> lines.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Converging rays</b></col><i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>rays of
light, which, proceeding from different points of an object, tend
toward a single point.</cd> -- <col><b>Converging
series</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a series in which if an
indefinitely great number of terms be taken, their sum will
become indefinitely near in value to a fixed quantity, which is
called the <i>sum of the series</i>; -- opposed to a
<i>diverging</i> series.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con*vers"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>conversable</i>.] <def>Qualified for conversation; disposed to
converse; sociable; free in discourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While young, humane, <i>conversable</i>, and
kind.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*vers"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being conversable; disposition to converse;
sociability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vers"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
conversable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"ver*sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being conversant; habit of familiarity;
familiar acquaintance; intimacy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"ver*san*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Conversance</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"ver*sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conversans</i>, p. pr. of <i>conversari</i>: cf. F.
<i>conversant</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having frequent or
customary intercourse; familiary associated; intimately
acquainted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have been <i>conversant</i> with the first
persons of the age.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Familiar or acquainted by use or
study; well-informed; versed; -- generally used with <i>with</i>,
sometimes with <i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Deeply <i>conversant</i> in the Platonic
philosophy.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>he uses the different dialects as one who had been
<i>conversant</i> with them all.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conversant</i> only with the ways of men.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Concerned; occupied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Education . . . is <i>conversant</i> about
children.<BR>
<i>W. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*vers"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
converses with another; a convenser.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Con"ver*sant*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
familiar manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`ver*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>conversacio</i> (in senses 1 &amp; 2), OF. <i>conversacion</i>, F.
<i>conversation</i>, fr. L. <i>conversatio</i> frequent abode in
a place, intercourse, LL. also, manner of life.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>General course of conduct;
behavior.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let your <i>conversation</i> be as it becometh the
gospel.<BR>
<i>Philip. i. 27.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Familiar intercourse; intimate
fellowship or association; close acquaintance.</def>
"<i>Conversation</i> with the best company."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I set down, out of long experience in business and
much <i>conversation</i> in books, what I thought pertinent to
this business.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Commerce; intercourse; traffic.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All traffic and mutual <i>conversation</i>.<BR>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Colloquial discourse; oral interchange
of sentiments and observations; informal dialogue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The influence exercised by his [Johnson's]
<i>conversation</i> was altogether without a parallel.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Sexual intercourse; as, criminal
<i>conversation</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Intercourse; communion; commerce; familiarity;
discourse; dialogue; colloquy; talk; chat.  --
<u>Conversation</u>, <u>Talk</u>. There is a looser sense of
these words, in which they are synonymous; there is a stricter
sense, in which they differ. <i>Talk</i> is usually broken,
familiar, and versatile. <i>Conversation</i> is more continuous
and sustained, and turns ordinarily upon topics or higher
interest. Children <i>talk</i> to their parents or to their
companions; men <i>converse</i> together in mixed assemblies. Dr.
Johnson once remarked, of an evening spent in society, that there
had been a great deal of <i>talk</i>, but no
<i>conversation</i>.</p>

<p><! p. 318 !></p>

<p><hw>Con`ver*sa"tion*al</hw>
(k&obreve;n`v&etilde;r*s&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to conversation; in the
manner of one conversing; as, a <i>conversational</i>
style.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`ver*sa"tion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
conversationist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Conver*sa"tioned</hw> (-sh&ubreve;nd),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acquainted with manners and deportment;
behaved.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Till she be better <i>conversationed</i>, . . .
I'll keep<BR>
As far from her as the gallows.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`ver*sa"tion*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word or phrase used in conversation;
a colloquialism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`ver*sa"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who converses much, or who excels in conversation.</def>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ver"sa*tive</hw>
(k&obreve;n*v&etilde;r"s&adot;*t&ibreve;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to intercourse with men; social; -- opposed to
<i>contemplative</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She chose . . . to endue him with the
<i>conversative</i> qualities of youth.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Con`ver*sa`zi*o"ne</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Conversazioni</b></plw> (#). [It. See
<u>Conversation</u>.] <def>A meeting or assembly for
conversation, particularly on literary or scientific
subjects.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>conversazioni</i> [at Florence] resemble
our card assemblies.<BR>
<i>A. Drummond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*verse"</hw> (k&obreve;n*v&etilde;rs"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conversed</u>
(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Conversing</u>.] [F.
<i>converser</i>, L. <i>conversari</i> to associate with; <i>con-
</i> + <i>versari</i> to be turned, to live, remain, fr.
<i>versare</i> to turn often, v. intens. of <i>vertere</i> to
turn See <u>Convert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep
company; to hold intimate intercourse; to commune; -- followed by
<i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To seek the distant hills, and there
<i>converse</i><BR>
With nature.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conversing</i> with the world, we use the
world's fashions.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>But to <i>converse</i> with heaven -<BR>
This is not easy.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To engage in familiar colloquy; to
interchange thoughts and opinions in a free, informal manner; to
chat; -- followed by <i>with</i> before a person; by <i>on</i>,
<i>about</i>, <i>concerning</i>, etc., before a thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Companions<BR>
That do <i>converse</i> and waste the time together.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We had <i>conversed</i> so often on that
subject.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have knowledge of, from long
intercourse or study; -- said of things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>According as the objects they <i>converse</i> with
afford greater or less variety.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To associate; commune; discourse; talk;
chat.</p>

<p><hw>Con"verse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Frequent intercourse; familiar communion;
intimate association.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"T is but to hold<BR>
<i>Converse</i> with Nature's charms, and view her stores
unrolled.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Familiar discourse; free interchange
of thoughts or views; conversation; chat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Formed by thy <i>converse</i> happily to steer<BR>
From grave to gay, from lively to severe.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"verse</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>conversus</i>,
p. p. of <i>convertere</i>. See <u>Convert</u>.] <def>Turned
about; reversed in order or relation; reciprocal; as, a
<i>converse</i> proposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"verse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Logic)</i> <def>A proposition which arises from interchanging
the terms of another, as by putting the predicate for the
subject, and the subject for the predicate; as, no virtue is
vice, no vice is virtue.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It should not (as is often done) be confounded with the
<i>contrary</i> or <i>opposite</i> of a proposition, which is
formed by introducing the negative <i>not</i> or <i>no</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A proposition in which,
after a conclusion from something supposed has been drawn, the
order is inverted, making the conclusion the supposition or
premises, what was first supposed becoming now the conclusion or
inference. Thus, if two sides of a sides of a triangle are equal,
the angles opposite the sides are equal; and the <i>converse</i>
is true, <i>i.e.</i>, if these angles are equal, the two sides
are equal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"verse*ly</hw> (? or &?;; 277), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a converse manner; with change of order or relation;
reciprocally.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vers"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
engages in conversation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ver"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being converted or reversed.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conversio</i>: cf. F. <i>conversion</i>. See <u>Convert</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of turning or changing from one
state or condition to another, or the state of being changed;
transmutation; change.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Artificial <i>conversion</i> of water into
ice.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>conversion</i> of the aliment into fat.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of changing one's views or
course, as in passing from one side, party, or from of religion
to another; also, the state of being so changed.</def>
"<i>Conversion</i> to Christianity."  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An appropriation of, and
dealing with the property of another as if it were one's own,
without right; as, the <i>conversion</i> of a horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or bring my action of <i>conversion</i><BR>
And trover for my goods.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The act of
interchanging the terms of a proposition, as by putting the
subject in the place of the predicate, or the contrary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A change or reduction
of the form or value of a proposition; as, the <i>conversion</i>
of equations; the <i>conversion</i> of proportions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
change of front, as a body of troops attacked in the flank.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A change of character or use, as of
smoothbore guns into rifles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A spiritual and moral
change attending a change of belief with conviction; a change of
heart; a change from the service of the world to the service of
God; a change of the ruling disposition of the soul, involving a
transformation of the outward life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He oft<BR>
Frequented their assemblies, . . . and to them preached<BR>
<i>Conversion</i> and repentance, as to souls<BR>
In prison under judgments imminent.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*ver"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being converted or
changed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ready to converse; social.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Converted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Converting</u>.] [L. <i>convertere</i>, <i>-
versum</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>vertere</i> to turn: cf. F.
<i>convertir</i>. See <u>Verse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to turn; to turn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O, which way shall I first <i>convert</i>
myself?<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change or turn from one state or
condition to another; to alter in form, substance, or quality; to
transform; to transmute; as, to <i>convert</i> water into
ice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the whole atmosphere were <i>converted</i> into
water.<BR>
<i>T. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That still lessens<BR>
The sorrow, and <i>converts</i> it nigh to joy.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To change or turn from one belief or
course to another, as from one religion to another or from one
party or sect to another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No attempt was made to <i>convert</i> the
Moslems.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To produce the spiritual change called
conversion in (any one); to turn from a bad life to a good one;
to change the heart and moral character of (any one) from the
controlling power of sin to that of holiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He which <i>converteth</i> the sinner from the
error of his way shall save a soul from death.<BR>
<i>Lames v. 20.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To apply to any use by a diversion
from the proper or intended use; to appropriate dishonestly or
illegally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a bystander took a coin to get it changed,
and <i>converted</i> it, [it was] held no larceny.<BR>
<i>Cooley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To exchange for some specified
equivalent; as, to <i>convert</i> goods into money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>To change (one
proposition) into another, so that what was the subject of the
first becomes the predicate of the second.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To turn into another language; to
translate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which story . . . Catullus more elegantly
<i>converted</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Converted guns</b></col>, <cd>cast-iron guns lined
with wrought-iron or steel tubes.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> --
<col><b>Converting furnace</b></col> <i>(Steel Manuf.)</i>, <cd>a
furnace in which wrought iron is converted into steel by
cementation.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To change; turn; transmute; appropriate.</p>

<p><hw>Con*vert"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be turned
or changed in character or direction; to undergo a change,
physically or morally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If Nebo had had the preaching that thou hast, they
[the Neboites] would have <i>converted</i>.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A red dust which <i>converth</i> into worms.<BR>
<i>Sandys.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The public hope<BR>
And eye to thee <i>converting</i>.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"vert</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person who is converted from one opinion or practice to
another; a person who is won over to, or heartily embraces, a
creed, religious system, or party, in which he has not previously
believed; especially, one who turns from the controlling power of
sin to that of holiness, or from unbelief to
Christianity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Jesuits did not persuade the <i>converts</i>
to lay aside the use of images.<BR>
<i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lay friar or brother, permitted to
enter a monastery for the service of the house, but without
orders, and not allowed to sing in the choir.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Proselyte; neophyte.  -- <u>Convert</u>,
<u>Proselyte</u>, <u>Pervert</u>. A <i>convert</i> is one who
turns from what he believes to have been a decided error of faith
or practice. Such a change may relate to religion, politics, or
other subjects. properly considered, it is not confined to
speculation alone, but affects the whole current of one's
feelings and the tenor of his actions. As such a change carries
with it the appearance of sincerity, the term <i>convert</i> is
usually taken in a good sense. <i>Proselyte</i> is a term of more
ambiguous use and application. It was first applied to an
adherent of one religious system who had transferred himself
externally to some other religious system; and is also applied to
one who makes a similar transfer in respect to systems of
philosophy or speculation. The term has little or no reference to
the state of the heart. <i>Pervert</i> is a term of recent
origin, designed to express the contrary of <i>convert</i>, and
to stigmatize a person as drawn off perverted from the true
faith. It has been more particulary applied by members of the
Church of England to those who have joined the Roman Catholic
Church.</p>

<p><hw>Con`ver*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>convertenus</i> to be converted.] <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Any
proposition which is subject to the process of conversion; -- so
called in its relation to itself as converted, after which
process it is termed the <i>converse</i>. See <u>Converse</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Logic)</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vert"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who converts; one who makes
converts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Steel Manuf.)</i> <def>A retort, used
in the Bessemer process, in which molten cast iron is
decarburized and converted into steel by a blast of air forced
through the liquid metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vert`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The condition or quality of being convertible; capability of
being exchanged; convertibleness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mutual <i>convertibility</i> of land into
money, and of money into land.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*vert"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>convertibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>convertible</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being converted; susceptible
of change; transmutable; transformable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Minerals are not <i>convertible</i> into another
species, though of the same genus.<BR>
<i>Harvey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being exchanged or
interchanged; reciprocal; interchangeable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So long as we are in the regions of nature,
miraculous and improbable, miraculous and incredible, may be
allowed to remain <i>convertible</i> terms.<BR>
<i>Trench.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*vert"i*ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being convertible; convertibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vert"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
convertible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"vert*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>convertito</i>, p. p. of <i>convertire</i> to convert.] <def>A
convert.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"vex</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>convexus</i>
vaulted, arched, convex, concave, fr. <i>convehere</i> to bring
together: cf. F. <i>convexe</i>. See <u>Vehicle</u>.] <def>Rising
or swelling into a spherical or rounded form; regularly
protuberant or bulging; -- said of a spherical surface or curved
line when viewed from without, in opposition to
<i>concave</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drops of water naturally form themselves into
figures with a <i>convex</i> surface.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Double convex</b></col>, <cd>convex on both sides;
convexo-convex.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Con"vex</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A convex body or
surface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Half heaven's <i>convex</i> glitters with the
flame.<BR>
<i>Tickell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; This word was often pronounced <i>con-vex'</i> by early
writers, as by Milton, and occasionally by later poets.</p>

<p><hw>Con"vexed</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Made
convex; protuberant in a spherical form.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vex"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
convex form; convexly.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vex"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Convexity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vex"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Convexities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>convexitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>convexit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state of being convex; the
exterior surface of a convex body; roundness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A smooth, uniform <i>convexity</i> and rotundity
of a globe.<BR>
<i>Bentley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"vex*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
convex form; as, a body <i>convexly</i> shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"vex*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being convex; convexity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vex"o-con"cave</hw> (?or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Convex on one side, and concave on the other. The curves of
the convex and concave sides may be alike or may be different.
See <u>Meniscus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vex"o-con"vex</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Convex on both sides; double convex. See under
<u>Convex</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vex"o-plane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Convex on one side, and flat on the other; plano-
convex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vey"</hw> (k&obreve;n*v&/amacr;"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Conveyed</u> (-
v&amacr;d"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Conveying</u>.]
[OF. <i>conveir</i>, <i>convoier</i>, to escort, convoy, F.
<i>convoyer</i>, LL. <i>conviare</i>, fr. L. <i>con-</i> +
<i>via</i> way. See <u>Viaduct</u>, <u>Voyage</u>, and cf.
<u>Convoy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry from one place
to another; to bear or transport.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>convey</i> them by sea in floats.<BR>
<i>1 Kings v. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Convey</i> me to my bed, then to my grave.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to pass from one place or
person to another; to serve as a medium in carrying (anything)
from one place or person to another; to transmit; as, air
<i>conveys</i> sound; words <i>convey</i> ideas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To transfer or deliver to another; to
make over, as property;</def> more strictly <i>(Law)</i>, <def>to
transfer (real estate) or pass (a title to real estate) by a
sealed writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Earl of Desmond . . . secretly <i>conveyed</i>
all his lands to feoffees in trust.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To impart or communicate; as, to
<i>convey</i> an impression; to <i>convey</i>
information.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men fill one another's heads with noise and sound,
but <i>convey</i> not thereby their thoughts.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To manage with privacy; to carry
out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . will <i>convey</i> the business as I shall
find means.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To carry or take away secretly; to
steal; to thieve.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To accompany; to convoy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To carry; transport; bear; transmit;
transfer.</p>

<p><hw>Con*vey"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the
thief; to steal.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><blockquote>But as I am Crack, I will <i>convey</i>,
crossbite, and cheat upon Simplicius.<BR>
<i>Marston.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*vey"a*ble</hw> (k&obreve;n*v&/amacr;"&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being conveyed or
transferred.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vey"ance</hw> (k&obreve;n*v&/amacr;"<i>a</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
conveying, carrying, or transporting; carriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The long journey was to be performed on horseback,
-- the only sure mode of <i>conveyance</i>.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Following the river downward, there is
<i>conveyance</i> into the countries named in the text.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The instrument or means of carrying or
transporting anything from place to place; the vehicle in which,
or means by which, anything is carried from one place to another;
as, stagecoaches, omnibuses, etc., are <i>conveyances</i>; a
canal or aqueduct is a <i>conveyance</i> for water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These pipes and these <i>conveyances</i> of our
blood.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of transferring,
transmitting, handing down, or communicating;
transmission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tradition is no infallible way of
<i>conveyance</i>.<BR>
<i>Stillingfleet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act by which the
title to property, esp. real estate, is transferred; transfer of
ownership; an instrument in writing (as a deed or mortgage), by
which the title to property is conveyed from one person to
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] found the <i>conveyances</i> in law to be so
firm, that in justice he must decree the land to the earl.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Dishonest management, or
artifice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>the very Jesuits themselves . . . can not possibly
devise any juggling <i>conveyance</i> how to shift it off.<BR>
<i>Hakewill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*vey"an*cer</hw>
(k&obreve;n*v&/amacr;"<i>a</i>n*s&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>One whose business is to draw up conveyances of
property, as deeds, mortgages, leases, etc.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vey"an*cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The business of a conveyancer; the act or
business of drawing deeds, leases, or other writings, for
transferring the title to property from one person to
another.</def></p>

<p><! p. 319 !></p>

<p><hw>Con*vey"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, conveys or
carries, transmits or transfers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One given to artifices or secret
practices; a juggler; a cheat; a thief.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vey"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>A contrivance for carrying objects from place to place;
esp., one for conveying grain, coal, etc., -- as a spiral or
screw turning in a pipe or trough, an endless belt with buckets,
or a truck running along a rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vi"ci*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conviciatus</i>, p. p. of <i>conviciari</i> to revile, fr.
<i>convicium</i> loud reproach.] <def>To utter reproaches; to
raise a clamor; to rail.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>conviciate</i> instead of accusing.<BR>
<i>Laud.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`vi*cin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Convicinities</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Immediate vicinity;
neighborhood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>convicinity</i> and contiguity of the two
parishes.<BR>
<i>T. Warton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*vi"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Expressing reproach; abusive; railing; taunting.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Convicious</i> words."  <i>Queen Elizabeth
(1559).</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vict"</hw> (k&obreve;n*v&ibreve;kt"), <pos><i>p.
a.</i></pos> [L. <i>convictus</i>, p. p. of <i>convincere</i> to
convict, prove. See <u>Convice</u>.] <def>Proved or found guilty;
convicted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Convict</i> by flight, and rebel to all
law.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"vict</hw> (k&obreve;n"v&ibreve;kt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person proved
guilty of a crime alleged against him; one legally convicted or
sentenced to punishment for some crime.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A criminal sentenced to penal
servitude.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Malefactor; culprit; felon; criminal.</p>

<p><hw>Con*vict"</hw> (k&obreve;n*v&ibreve;kt"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Convicted</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Convicting</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prove or find guilty of an offense or
crime charged; to pronounce guilty, as by legal decision, or by
one's conscience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Baxter] . . . had been <i>convicted</i> by a
jury.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They which heard it, being <i>convicted</i> by
their own conscience, went out one by one.<BR>
<i>John viii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prove or show to be false; to
confute; to refute.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To demonstrate by proof or evidence;
to prove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Imagining that these proofs will <i>convict</i> a
testament, to have that in it which other men can nowhere by
reading find.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To defeat; to doom to
destruction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A whole armado of <i>convicted</i> sail.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To confute; defect; convince; confound.</p>

<p><hw>Con*vict*i*ble</hw> (k&obreve;n*v&ibreve;kt"&ibreve;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being convicted.</def> [R.]
<i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vic"tion</hw> (k&obreve;n*v&ibreve;k"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>convictio</i> proof: cf. F.
<i>conviction</i> conviction (in sense 3 &amp; 4). See
<u>Convict</u>, <u>Convince</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of convicting; the act of proving, finding, or adjudging, guilty
of an offense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The greater certainty of <i>conviction</i> and the
greater certainty of punishment.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A judgment of
condemnation entered by a court having jurisdiction; the act or
process of finding guilty, or the state of being found guilty of
any crime by a legal tribunal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conviction</i> may accrue two ways.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of convincing of error, or of
compelling the admission of a truth; confutation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For all his tedious talk is but vain boast,<BR>
Or subtle shifts <i>conviction</i> to evade.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being convinced or
convicted; strong persuasion or belief; especially, the state of
being convicted of sin, or by one's conscience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To call good evil, and evil good, against the
<i>conviction</i> of their own consciences.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And did you presently fall under the power of this
<i>conviction</i>?<BR>
<i>Bunyan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Conviction</u>; <u>persuasion</u>.  --
<i>Conviction</i> respects soley matters of belief or faith;
<i>persuasion</i> respects matters of belief or practice.
<i>Conviction</i> respects our most important duties;
<i>persuasion</i> is frequently applied to matters of
indifference. <i>Crabb.</i> -- <i>Conviction</i> is the result of
the [operation of the] understanding; <i>persuasion</i>, of the
will. <i>Conviction</i> is a necessity of the mind,
<i>persuasion</i> an acquiescence of the inclination. <i>C. J.
Smith.</i> -- <i>Persuasion</i> often induces men to act in
opposition to their <i>conviction</i> of duty.</p>

<p><hw>Con"vict*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
policy or practice of transporting convicts to penal
settlements.</def> "The evils of <i>convictism</i>."  <i>W.
Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vict"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Convincing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The best and most <i>convictive</i> argument.<BR>
<i>Glanwill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Con*vict"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Con*vict"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Con*vince"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Convinced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Convincing</u>.] [L. <i>convincere</i>, <i>-
victum</i>, to refute, prove; <i>con-</i> + <i>vincere</i> to
conquer. See <u>Victor</u>, and cf. <u>Convict</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To overpower; to overcome; to subdue or
master.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His two chamberlains<BR>
Will I with wine and wassail so <i>convince</i><BR>
That memory, the warder of the brain,<BR>
Shall be a fume.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overcome by argument; to force to
yield assent to truth; to satisfy by proof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such convincing proofs and assurances of it as
might enable them to <i>convince</i> others.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To confute; to prove the fallacy
of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God never wrought miracle to <i>convince</i>
atheism, because his ordinary works <i>convince</i> it.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To prove guilty; to convict.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which of you <i>convinceth</i> me of sin?<BR>
<i>John viii. 46.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Seek not to <i>convince</i> me of a crime<BR>
Which I can ne'er repent, nor you can pardon.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To persuade; satisfy; convict.  -- To
<u>Convince</u>, <u>persuade</u>. To <i>convince</i> is an act of
the understanding; to <i>persuade</i>, of the will or feelings.
The one is effected by argument, the other by motives. There are
cases, however, in which <i>persuade</i> may seem to be used in
reference only to the assent of the understanding; as when we
say, I am <i>persuaded</i> it is so; I can not <i>persuade</i>
myself of the fact. But in such instances there is usually or
always a degree of awakened feeling which has had its share in
producing the assent of the understanding.</p>

<p><hw>Con*vince"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
convincing, or state of being convinced; conviction.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The fear of a <i>convincement</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*vin"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, convinces; one who wins over by proof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vin"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being convinced or won
over.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being confuted and
disproved by argument; refutable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vin"cing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>in a
convincing manner; in a manner to compel assent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vin"cing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
power of convincing, or the quality of being
convincing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*viv"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>convivalis</i>. See <u>Convive</u>.] <def>pertaining to a
feast or to festivity; convivial.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>convival</i>
dish."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>convivari</i>; akin to <i>convivium</i> a feast,
<i>convivere</i> to live or feast together; <i>con-</i> +
<i>vivere</i> to live.] <def>To feast together; to be
convivial.</def> [Obs.] "There, in the full, <i>convive</i> we."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"vive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>conviva</i>: cf. F. <i>convive</i>.] <def>A quest at a
banquet.</def> [R.]  <i>Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*viv"i*al</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>convivium</i> a feast; <i>con-</i> + <i>vivere</i> to live.
See <u>Victuals</u>, and cf. <u>Convive</u>.] <def>Of or relating
to a feast or entertainment, or to eating and drinking, with
accompanying festivity; festive; social; gay; jovial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which feasts <i>convivial</i> meetings we did
name.<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*viv"i*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
of convivial habits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*viv`i*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Convivialities</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The good
humor or mirth indulged in upon festive occasions; a convivial
spirit or humor; festivity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*viv"i*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
convivial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"vo*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Convocated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Convocating</u>.] [L. <i>convocatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>convocare</i> to convocate; <i>con-</i> + <i>vocare</i>
to call. See <u>Vocal</u>, and cf. <u>Convoce</u>.] <def>To
convoke; to call together.</def> [Obs.]  <i>May (Lucan).</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`vo*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>convocatio</i>: cf. F. <i>convocation</i>. <i>See</i>
<u>Convoke</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of calling or
assembling by summons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assembly or meeting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the first day there shall be a holy
<i>convocation</i>.<BR>
<i>Ex. xii. 16.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i> <def>An assembly of
the clergy, by their representatives, to consult on
ecclesiastical affairs.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, the provinces of Canterbury and York have
each their convocation, but no session for business were allowed
from 1717 to 1861. The <i>Convocation of Canterbury</i> consists
of two houses. In the <i>Convocation of York</i> the business has
been generally conducted in one assembly.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Oxf. University)</i> <def>An academical
assembly, in which the business of the university is
transacted.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- meeting; assembly; congregation; congress;
diet; convention; synod; council.</p>

<p><hw>Con`vo*ca"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to a convocation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`vo*ca"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
advocate or defender of convocation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*voke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Convoked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Convoking</u>.] [L. <i>convocare</i>: cf. F.
<i>convoquer</i>. See <u>Convocate</u>.] <def>To call together;
to summon to meet; to assemble by summons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There remained no resource but the dreadful one of
<i>convoking</i> a parliament.<BR>
<i>palfrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To summon; assemble; convene. See
<u>Call</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Con"vo*lute</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>convolutus</i>, p. p. of <i>convolvere</i>. See
<u>Convolve</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Rolled or wound together,
one part upon another; -- said of the leaves of plants in
&aelig;stivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"vo*lu`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having convolutions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>beaks recurved and <i>convoluted</i> like a ram's
horn.<BR>
<i>Pennant.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Folded in tortuous windings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A highly <i>convoluted</i> brain.<BR>
<i>North Amer. Rev.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con`vo*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rolling anything upon itself,
or one thing upon another; a winding motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'er the calm sea, in <i>convolution</i>
swift,<BR>
The feathered eddy floats.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being rolled upon itself,
or rolled or doubled together; a tortuous or sinuous winding or
fold, as of something rolled or folded upon itself.</def>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An irregular, tortuous
folding of an organ or part; as, the <i>convolutions</i> of the
intestines; the cerebral <i>convolutions</i>. See
<u>Brain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*volve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Convolved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Convolving</u>.] [L. <i>convolvere</i>, <i>-
volutum</i>; <i>con-</i> + <i>volvere</i> to roll. See
<u>Voluble</u>.] <def>To roll or wind together; to roll or twist
one part on another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then Satan first knew pain,<BR>
And writhed him to and fro <i>convolved</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*vol`vu*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Convolvus</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
resembling, the family of plants of which the bindweed and the
morning-glory are common examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vol"vu*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside occurring in jalap (the root of a
convolvulaceous plant), and extracted as a colorless, tasteless,
gummy mass of powerful purgative properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vol"vu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
L.<plw><b>Convolvuli</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Convoluluses</b></plw> (#). [L., bindweed, fr.
<i>convolvere</i> to roll around. So named from its twining
stems.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large genus of plants having
monopetalous flowers, including the common bindweed (<i>C.
arwensis</i>), and formerly the morning-glory, but this is now
transferred to the genus <i>Ipom&aelig;a</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The luster of the long <i>convolvuluses</i><BR>
That coiled around the stately stems.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*voy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Convoyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Convoying</u>.] [F. <i>convoyer</i>, OF.
<i>conveier</i>, <i>convoier</i>. See <u>Convey</u>.] <def>To
accompany for protection, either by sea or land; to attend for
protection; to escort; as, a frigate <i>convoys</i> a
merchantman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know ye skillful to <i>convoy</i><BR>
The total freight of hope and joy.<BR>
<i>Emerson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con"voy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>convoi</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of attending for defense; the
state of being so attended; protection; escort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To obtain the <i>convoy</i> of a man-of-war.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel or fleet, or a train or
trains of wagons, employed in the transportation of munitions of
war, money, subsistence, clothing, etc., and having an armed
escort.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A protection force accompanying ships,
etc., on their way from place to place, by sea or land; an
escort, for protection or guidance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When every morn my bosom glowed<BR>
To watch the <i>convoy</i> on the road.<BR>
<i>Emerson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Conveyance; means of
transportation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A drag or brake applied to the wheels
of a carriage, to check their velocity in going down a
hill.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vulse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Convulsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Convulsing</u>.] [L. <i>convulsus</i>, p. p. of
<i>convellere</i> to tear up, to shake; <i>con-</i> +
<i>vellere</i> to pluck, pull.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
contract violently and irregulary, as the muscular parts of an
animal body; to shake with irregular spasms, as in excessive
laughter, or in agony from grief or pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With emotions which checked his voice and
<i>convulsed</i> his powerful frame.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To agitate greatly; to shake
violently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world is <i>convulsed</i> by the agonies of
great nations.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To agitate; disturb; shake; tear; rend.</p>

<p><hw>Con*vul"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>convulsio</i>: cf. F. <i>convulsion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An unnatural, violent, and unvoluntary
contraction of the muscular parts of an animal body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any violent and irregular motion or
agitation; a violent shaking; a tumult; a commotion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those two massy pillars,<BR>
With horrible <i>convulsion</i>, to and fro<BR>
He tugged, he shook, till down they came.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Times of violence and <i>convulsion</i>.<BR>
<i>Ames.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Agitation; commotion; tumult; disturbance.</p>

<p><hw>Con*vul"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or having, convulsions; convulsionary.</def>
[R.]  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vul"sion*a*ry</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>convulsionnaire</i>.] <def>Pertaining to convulsion;
convulsive.</def> "<i>Convulsionary</i> struggles."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*vul"sion*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
convulsionist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vul"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
has convulsions; esp., one of a body of fanatics in France, early
in the eighteenth century, who went into convulsions under the
influence of religious emotion; as, the <i>Convulsionists</i> of
St. M&eacute;dard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*vul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>convulsif</i>.] <def>Producing, or attended with, convulsions
or spasms; characterized by convulsions; convulsionary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An irregular, <i>convulsive</i> movement may be
necessary to throw off an irregular, <i>convulsive</i>
disease.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Con*vul"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>in a
convulsive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"ny</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>coning</i>, <i>conig</i>, <i>coni</i>, OF. <i>connin</i>,
<i>conin</i>, <i>connil</i>, fr. L. <i>cuniculus</i> a rabbit,
cony, prob. an Hispanic word.] [Written also <i>coney</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
rabbit, esp., the European rabbit (<i>Lepus cuniculus</i>)</def>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The chief hare.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>cony</i> of Scripture is thought to be <i>Hyrax
Syriacus</i>, called also <i>daman</i>, and <i>cherogril</i>. See
<u>Daman</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A simpleton.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is a most simple animal; whence are derived our
usual phrases of <i>cony</i> and <i>cony catcher</i>.<BR>
<i>Diet's Dry Dinner (1599).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An important edible West Indian fish (<i>Epinephelus
apua</i>); the hind of Bermuda.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
local name of the burbot.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Co"ny-catch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deceive; to cheat; to trick.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Take heed, Signor Baptista, lest you be <i>cony-
catched</i> in the this business.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co"ny-catch`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cheat; a sharper; a deceiver.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Minsheu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"y*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Con</i>ine +
acetylene.] <def>An oily substance, C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>14</sub>,
obtained from several derivatives of conine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"y*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Conine</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A blue, fluorescent, oily
base (regarded as a derivative of pyridine), obtained from
conine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coo</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cooed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cooing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a low repeated
cry or sound, like the characteristic note of pigeons or
doves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stockdove only through the forest
<i>cooes</i>,<BR>
Mournfully hoarse.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To show affection; to act in a loving
way. See under <u>Bill</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def>
"Billing or <i>cooing</i>."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Coo"ey</hw>, <hw>Coo"ee</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of imitative origin.] <def>A peculiar
whistling sound made by the Australian aborigenes as a call or
signal.</def> [Written also <i>cooie</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cook</hw> (k&oomac;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Of
imitative origin.] <def>To make the noise of the cuckoo.</def>
[Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Constant cuckoos <i>cook</i> on every side.<BR>
<i>The Silkworms (1599).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cook</hw> (k&oocr;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymol.
unknown.] <def>To throw.</def> [Prov.Eng.] "<i>Cook</i> me that
ball."  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cook</hw> (k&oocr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>c&omacr;c</i>, fr. l. <i>cocus</i>, <i>coquus</i>,
<i>coquus</i>, fr. <i>coquere</i> to cook; akin to Gr. &?;, Skr.
<i>pac</i>, and to E. <i>apricot</i>, <i>biscuit</i>,
<i>concoct</i>, <i>dyspepsia</i>, <i>precocious</i>. Cf.
<u>Pumpkin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One whose occupation is
to prepare food for the table; one who dresses or cooks meat or
vegetables for eating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish, the
European striped wrasse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cook</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cooked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cooking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prepare, as food, by
boiling, roasting, baking, broiling, etc.; to make suitable for
eating, by the agency of fire or heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To concoct or prepare; hence, to
tamper with or alter; to garble; -- often with <i>up</i>; as, to
<i>cook</i> up a story; to <i>cook</i> an account.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They all of them receive the same advices from
abroad, and very often in the same words; but their way of
<i>cooking</i> it is so different.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 320 !></p>

<p><hw>Cook</hw> (k&oocr;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
prepare food for the table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cook"book`</hw> (-b&oocr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
book of directions and receipts for cooking; a cookery
book.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"Just How": a key to the <i>cookbooks</i>.<BR>
<i>Mrs. A. D. T. Whitney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cook*ee"</hw> (k&oocr;k*&emacr;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos><def>A female cook.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cook"er*y</hw> (k&oocr;k"&etilde;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or process
of preparing food for the table, by dressing, compounding, and
the application of heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A delicacy; a dainty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>R. North.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cook"ey</hw>, <hw>Cook"ie</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Cooky</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cook"maid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
servant or maid who dresses provisions and assists the
cook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cook"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room for
cookery; a kitchen; the galley or caboose of a ship.</def>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cook`shop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An eating
house.</def> "A subterranean <i>cookshop</i>."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cook"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cookies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. D. <i>koek</i> cake, dim.
<i>koekje</i>; akin to G. <i>kuchen</i>, E. <i>cake</i>; or cf.
OE. <i>coket</i>, prob., a sort of cake, and prob. of French
origin.] <def>A small, flat, sweetened cake of various
kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cool</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Cooler</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Coolest</u>.] [AS. <i>c&omacr;l</i>;
akin to D. <i>koel</i>, G. <i>k&uuml;hl</i>, OHG. chouli, Dan.
<i>k&ouml;lig</i>, Sw. <i>kylig</i>, also to AS. <i>calan</i> to
be cold, Icel. <i>kala</i>. See <u>Cold</u>, and cf.
<u>Chill</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moderately cold; between
warm and cold; lacking in warmth; producing or promoting
coolness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fanned with <i>cool</i> winds.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not ardent, warm, fond, or passionate;
not hasty; deliberate; exercising self-control; self-possessed;
dispassionate; indifferent; as, a <i>cool</i> lover; a
<i>cool</i> debater.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For a patriot, too <i>cool</i>.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not retaining heat; light; as, a
<i>cool</i> dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Manifesting coldness or dislike;
chilling; apathetic; as, a <i>cool</i> manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Quietly impudent; negligent of
propriety in matters of minor importance, either ignorantly or
willfully; presuming and selfish; audacious; as, <i>cool</i>
behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Its <i>cool</i> stare of familiarity was
intolerable.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Applied facetiously, in a vague sense,
to a sum of money, commonly as if to give emphasis to the
largeness of the amount.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had lost a <i>cool</i> hundred.<BR>
<i>Fielding.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Leaving a <i>cool</i> thousand to Mr. Matthew
Pocket.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Calm; dispassionate; self-possessed; composed;
repulsive; frigid; alienated; impudent.</p>

<p><hw>Cool</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A moderate state of
cold; coolness; -- said of the temperature of the air between hot
and cold; as, the <i>cool</i> of the day; the <i>cool</i> of the
morning or evening.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cool</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cooled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cooling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make cool or cold; to
reduce the temperature of; as, ice <i>cools</i> water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his
finger in water, and <i>cool</i> my tongue.<BR>
<i>Luke xvi. 24.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To moderate the heat or excitement of;
to allay, as passion of any kind; to calm; to moderate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have reason to <i>cool</i> our raging motions,
our carnal stings, our unbitted lusts.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To cool the heels</b></col>, <cd>to dance attendance;
to wait, as for admission to a patron's house.</cd> [Colloq.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cool</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become less hot; to lose heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw a smith stand with his hammer, thus,<BR>
the whilst his iron did on the anvil <i>cool</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lose the heat of excitement or
passion; to become more moderate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not give myself liberty to think, lest I
should <i>cool</i>.<BR>
<i>Congreve.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cool"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
cools, or abates heat or excitement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>if acid things were used only as <i>coolers</i>,
they would not be so proper in this case.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything in or by which liquids or
other things are cooled, as an ice chest, a vessel for ice water,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cool"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
temper not easily excited; free from passion.</def> -- <wf>Cool"-
head`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Coo"lie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Cooly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cool"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted to
cool and refresh; allaying heat.</def> "The <i>cooling</i>
brook."  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cooling card</b></col>, <cd>something that dashes
hopes.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Cooling time</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>such a lapse of time as ought, taking all the
circumstances of the case in view, to produce a subsiding of
passion previously provoked.</cd>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cool"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
cool.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nights began to grow a little
<i>coolish</i>.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cool"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coolish;
cool.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cool"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a cool
manner; without heat or excessive cold; without passion or ardor;
calmly; deliberately; with indifference; impudently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cool"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being cool; a moderate degree of cold; a
moderate degree, or a want, of passion; want of ardor, zeal, or
affection; calmness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Calm impudence; self-possession.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Coo"lung</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The great gray crane of India
(<i>Grus cinerea</i>).</def> [Also written <i>coolen</i> and
<i>cullum</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Coo"ly</hw>, <hw>Coo"lie</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Coolies</b></plw> (#).
[Hind. <i>k&?;l&imacr;</i> a laborer, porter: cf. Turk.
<i>k&?;l</i>, <i>ky&?;leh</i>, slave.] <def>An East Indian porter
or carrier; a laborer transported from the East Indies, China, or
Japan, for service in some other country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>kahm</i>
mold gathered on liquids, D. <i>kam</i>, Sw. <i>kimr&ouml;k</i>
pine soot, smoke black, Icel. <i>k&amacr;m</i> grime, film of
dirt.] <def>Soot; coal dust; refuse matter, as the dirty grease
which comes from axle boxes, or the refuse at the mouth of an
oven.</def>  <i>Phillips. Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coomb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cumb</i> a
liquid measure, perh. from LL. <i>cumba</i> boat, tomb of stone,
fr. Gr. &?; hollow of a vessel, cup, boat, but cf. G.
<i>kumpf</i> bowl.] <def>A dry measure of four bushels, or half a
quarter.</def> [Written also <i>comb</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Coomb</hw>, <hw>Coombe</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Comb</u>, <u>Combe</u>, in this sense.] <def>A hollow in
a hillside. [Prov. Eng.] See <u>Comb</u>, <u>Combe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A raccoon. See <u>Raccoon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coon"tie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A cycadaceous plant of Florida and the West Indies, the
<i>Zamia integrifolia</i>, from the stems of which a kind of sago
is prepared.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coop</hw> (k&oomac;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>cypa</i> a measure, D. <i>kuip</i> tub, Icel. <i>kupa</i>
bowl, G. <i>kufe</i> coop tub; all fr. L. <i>cupa</i> vat, tub,
LL. <i>cupa</i>, <i>copa</i>, cup. See <u>Cup</u>, and cf.
<u>Keeve</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A barrel or cask for liquor.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure for keeping small
animals; a pen; especially, a grated box for confining
poultry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cart made close with boards; a
tumbrel.</def> [Scotch]</p>

<p><hw>Coop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cooped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cooping</u>.] <def>To confine in a coop; hence, to shut up or
confine in a narrow compass; to cramp; -- usually followed by
<i>up</i>, sometimes by <i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Trojans <i>cooped</i> within their walls so
long.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The contempt of all other knowledge . . .
<i>coops</i> the understanding up within narrow bounds.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To work upon in the manner of a
cooper.</def> [Obs.] "Shaken tubs . . . be new <i>cooped</i>."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To crowd; confine; imprison.</p>

<p><hw>Coo*pee"</hw> (k&oomac;*p&emacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Coupe</u>.</def> [Obs.], <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coop"er</hw> (k&oocr;p"&etilde;r; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Coop</u>.] <def>One who makes
barrels, hogsheads, casks, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coop"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Coopered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coopering</u>.] <def>To do the work of a cooper
upon; as, to <i>cooper</i> a cask or barrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coop"er*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Work done by a cooper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The price paid for coopers'
work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place where coopers' work is
done.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;p"er*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>coop&eacute;rant</i>.] <def>Operating together; as,
<i>co&ouml;perant</i> forces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;p"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Co&ouml;perated</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Co&ouml;perating</u>.] [L.
<i>co&ouml;peratus</i>, p. p. of <i>co&ouml;perari</i> to
co&ouml;perate; <i>co + operari</i> to work, <i>opus</i> work.
See <u>Operate</u>.] <def>To act or operate jointly with another
or others; to concur in action, effort, or effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whate'er <i>co&ouml;perates</i> to the common
mirth.<BR>
<i>Crashaw.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;p`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>co&ouml;peratio</i>: cf. F. <i>coop&eacute;ration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of co&ouml;perating, or of
operating together to one end; joint operation; concurrent effort
or labor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not holpen by the <i>co&ouml;peration</i> of
angels.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i> <def>The association
of a number of persons for their benefit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;p"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Operating jointly to the same end.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Co&ouml;perative society</b></col>, <cd>a society
established on the principle of a joint-stock association, for
the production of commodities, or their purchase and distribution
for consumption, or for the borrowing and lending of capital
among its members.</cd> -- <col><b>Co&ouml;perative
store</b></col>, <cd>a store established by a co&ouml;perative
society, where the members make their purchases and share in the
profits or losses.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;p"er*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.:
cf. F. <i>coop&eacute;rateur</i>.] <def>One who labors jointly
with others to promote the same end.</def>
"<i>Co&ouml;perators</i> with the truth."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coop"er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work done
by a cooper in making or repairing barrels, casks, etc.; the
business of a cooper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coop"er*y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to a
cooper; coopered.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Coopery</i> vessels made of wood.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coop"er*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The occupation
of a cooper.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;pt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Co&ouml;ptate</u>. Cf. F. <i>coopter</i>.] <def>To choose or
elect in concert with another.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Each of the hundred was to <i>co&ouml;pt</i> three
others.<BR>
<i>Jowett (Thucyd.).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;p"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>co&ouml;ptatus</i>, p. p. of <i>co&ouml;tare</i> to elect to
something; <i>co-</i> + <i>optare</i> to choose.] <def>To choose;
to elect; to co&ouml;pt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`&ouml;p*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>co&ouml;ptatio</i>.] <def>The act of choosing; selection;
choice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The first election and <i>co&ouml;ptation</i> of a
friend.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co`&ouml;r*dain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
ordain or appoint for some purpose along with another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;r"di*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Joint ordinance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;r"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>co-</i> + L. <i>ordinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ordinare</i> to
regulate. See <u>Ordain</u>.] <def>Equal in rank or order; not
subordinate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether there was one Supreme Governor of the
world, or many <i>co&ouml;rdinate</i> powers presiding over each
country.<BR>
<i>Law.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Conjunctions joint sentences and
<i>co&ouml;rdinate</i> terms.<BR>
<i>Rev. R. Morris.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Co&ouml;rdinate adjectives</b></col>, <cd>adjectives
disconnected as regards one another, but referring equally to the
same subject.</cd> -- <col><b>Co&ouml;rdinate
conjunctions</b></col>, <cd>conjunctions joining independent
propositions.</cd>  <i>Rev. R. Morris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;r"di*nate</hw> (-n&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Co&ouml;rdinated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Co&ouml;rdinating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
co&ouml;rdinate; to put in the same order or rank; as, to
<i>co&ouml;rdinate</i> ideas in classification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a common action, movement, or
condition to; to regulate and combine so as to produce harmonious
action; to adjust; to harmonize; as, to <i>co&ouml;rdinate</i>
muscular movements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;r"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thing of the same rank with another
thing; one two or more persons or things of equal rank,
authority, or importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It has neither <i>co&ouml;rdinate</i> nor
analogon; it is absolutely one.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Lines, or
other elements of reference, by means of which the position of
any point, as of a curve, is defined with respect to certain
fixed lines, or planes, called <i>co&ouml;rdinate axes</i> and
<i>co&ouml;rdinate planes</i>. See <u>Abscissa</u>.</def>

&fist; <i>Co&ouml;rdinates</i> are of several kinds, consisting
in some of the different cases, of the following elements,
namely: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Geom. of Two Dimensions)</i> The
abscissa and ordinate of any point, taken together; as the
abscissa PY and ordinate PX of the point P (Fig. 2, referred to
the co&ouml;rdinate axes AY and AX. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Any
radius vector PA (Fig. 1), together with its angle of inclination
to a fixed line, APX, by which any point A in the same plane is
referred to that fixed line, and a fixed point in it, called the
<i>pole</i>, P. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Geom. of Three
Dimensions)</i> Any three lines, or distances, PB, PC, PD (Fig.
3), taken parallel to three co&ouml;rdinate axes, AX, AY, AZ, and
measured from the corresponding co&ouml;rdinate fixed planes,
YAZ, XAZ, XAY, to any point in space, P, whose position is
thereby determined with respect to these planes and axes.
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> A radius vector, the angle which it makes
with a fixed plane, and the angle which its projection on the
plane makes with a fixed line line in the plane, by which means
any point in space at the free extremity of the radius vector is
referred to that fixed plane and fixed line, and a fixed point in
that line, the pole of the radius vector.</p>

<p><col><b>Cartesian co&ouml;rdinates</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cartesian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Geographical
co&ouml;rdinates</b></col>, <cd>the latitude and longitude of a
place, by which its relative situation on the globe is known. The
height of the above the sea level constitutes a third
co&ouml;rdinate.</cd> -- <col><b>Polar
co&ouml;rdinates</b></col>, <cd>co&ouml;rdinates made up of a
radius vector and its angle of inclination to another line, or a
line and plane; as those defined in <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> and
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> above.</cd> -- <col><b>Rectangular
co&ouml;rdinates</b></col>, <cd>co&ouml;rdinates the axes of
which intersect at right angles.</cd> -- <col><b>Rectilinear
co&ouml;rdinates</b></col>, <cd>co&ouml;rdinates made up of right
lines. Those defined in <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> and
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> above are called also <i>Cartesian
co&ouml;rdinates</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Trigonometrical</b></col>
or <col><b>Spherical co&ouml;rdinates</b></col>, <cd>elements of
reference, by means of which the position of a point on the
surface of a sphere may be determined with respect to two great
circles of the sphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Trilinear
co&ouml;rdinates</b></col>, <cd>co&ouml;rdinates of a point in a
plane, consisting of the three ratios which the three distances
of the point from three fixed lines have one to another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;r"di*nate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a co&ouml;rdinate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;r"di*nate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being co&ouml;rdinate; equality of rank or
authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;r`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of co&ouml;rdinating; the act of
putting in the same order, class, rank, dignity, etc.; as, the
<i>co&ouml;rdination</i> of the executive, the legislative, and
the judicial authority in forming a government; the act of
regulating and combining so as to produce harmonious results;
harmonious adjustment; as, a <i>co&ouml;rdination</i> of
functions.</def> "<i>Co&ouml;rdination</i> of muscular movement
by the cerebellum."  <i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being co&ouml;rdinate, or
of equal rank, dignity, power, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this high court of parliament, there is a rare
<i>co&ouml;rdination</i> of power.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*&ouml;r"di*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Expressing co&ouml;rdination.</def>  <i>J. W.
Gibbs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coot</hw> (k&oomac;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>koet</i>, W. <i>cwtair</i>; <i>cwta</i> short, bodtailed +
<i>iar</i> hen; cf. <i>cwtau</i> to dock. Cf. <u>Cut</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
wading bird with lobate toes, of the genus <i>Fulica</i>.</def>
The common European or bald coot is <i>F. atra</i> (see under
<u>bald</u>); the American is <i>F. Americana</i>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The surf duck or scoter. In the United
States all the species of (<i>&OElig;demia</i> are called coots.
See <u>Scoter</u>.</def> "As simple as a <i>coot</i>."
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stupid fellow; a simpleton; as, a
silly <i>coot</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Coot"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fresh-water
tortoise (<i>Pseudemus concinna</i>) of Florida.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The box tortoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coot"foot`</hw> (-f&oocr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The phalarope; -- so called because its
toes are like the coot's.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coo*thay"</hw> (k&oomac;*th&amacr;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos><def>A striped satin made in India.</def>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cop</hw> (k&obreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cop</i>; cf. G. <i>kopf</i> head. Cf. <u>Cup</u>, <u>Cob</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The top of a thing; the head; a
crest.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cop</i> they used to call<BR>
The tops of many hills.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A conical or conical-ended mass of
coiled thread, yarn, or roving, wound upon a spindle,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tube or quill upon which silk is
wound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Merlon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A policeman.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Cop waste</b></col>, <cd>a kind of cotton waste,
composed chiefly of remnants of cops from which the greater part
of the yarn has been unwound.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Co*pai"ba</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Co*pai"va</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. &amp; Pg., fr. Brazil.
<i>cupa&uacute;ba</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A more or less viscid,
yellowish liquid, the bitter oleoresin of several species of
<i>Copaifera</i>, a genus of trees growing in South America and
the West Indies. It is stimulant and diuretic, and is much used
in affections of the mucous membranes; -- called also <i>balsam
of copaiba</i>.</def> [Written also <i>capivi</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Co"pal</hw> (k&omacr;"p<i>a</i>l; 277), [Sp., fr. Mexican
<i>copalli</i>, a generic name of resins. <i>Clavigero</i>.]
<def>A resinous substance flowing spontaneously from trees of
Zanzibar, Madagascar, and South America (<i>Trachylobium
Hornemannianum</i>, <i>T. verrucosum</i>, and <i>Hymen&aelig;a
Courbaril</i>), and dug from earth where forests have stood in
Africa; -- used chiefly in making varnishes.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><! p. 321 !></p>

<p><hw>Co*par"ce*na*ry</hw>
(k&osl;*p&auml;r"s&esl;*n&asl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Coparcenaries</b></plw> (-r&ibreve;z). [Pref.
<i>co-</i> + <i>parcenary</i>] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Partnership in
inheritance; joint heirship; joint right of succession to an
inheritance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*par"ce*ner</hw> (-n&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>co-</i> + <i>parcener</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who
has an equal portion with others of an inheritance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>coparceners</i> together make but one
heir, and have but one estate among them.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*par"ce*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. of
<u>Coparcenary</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>An equal share of an
inheritance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*part</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Compart</u>] <def>To share.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For, of all miserias, I hold that chief<BR>
Wretched to be, when none <i>coparts</i> our grief.<BR>
<i>Webster (1661).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*part"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
compartment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*part"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
jointly concerned with one or more persons in business, etc.; a
partner; an associate; a partaker; a sharer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>the associates and <i>copartners</i> of our
loss.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*part"ner*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being a copartner or of
having a joint interest in any matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A partnership or firm; as, A. and B.
have this day formed a <i>copartnership</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*part"ner*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Copartneries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>the state of being
copartners in any undertaking.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cop"a*tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Formed fr.
<i>cop</i>, in imitation of <i>captain</i>. See <u>Cop</u>,
<u>Captain</u>.] <def>Having a high crown, or a point or peak at
top.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>copatain</i> hat made on a Flemish block.<BR>
<i>Gascoigne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*pa"tri*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A joint
patriot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cope</hw> (k&omacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A doublet of
<i>cape</i>. See <u>Cape</u>, <u>Cap</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A covering for the head.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything regarded as extended over the
head, as the arch or concave of the sky, the roof of a house, the
arch over a door.</def> "The starry <i>cope</i> of heaven."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastical vestment or cloak,
semicircular in form, reaching from the shoulders nearly to the
feet, and open in front except at the top, where it is united by
a band or clasp. It is worn in processions and on some other
occasions.</def>  <i>Piers plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A hundred and sixty priests all in their
<i>copes</i>.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An ancient tribute due to the lord of
the soil, out of the lead mines in Derbyshire, England.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>The top part of a
flask or mold; the outer part of a loam mold.</def>  <i>Knight.
De Colange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cope</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form a cope or
arch; to bend or arch; to bow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some bending down and <i>coping</i> toward the
earth.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Falconry)</i>
<def>To pare the beak or talons of (a hawk).</def>  <i>J. H.
Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cope</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Coped</u> (k&omacr;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coping</u>.] [OE. <i>copen</i>, <i>coupen</i>, to
buy, bargain, prob. from D. <i>koopen</i> to buy, orig., to
bargain. See <u>Cheap</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exchange
or barter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To encounter; to meet; to have to do
with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Horatio, thou art e'en as just a man<BR>
As e'er my conversation <i>coped</i> withal.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To enter into or maintain a hostile
contest; to struggle; to combat; especially, to strive or contend
on equal terms or with success; to match; to equal; -- usually
followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Host <i>coped</i> with host, dire was the din of
war.<BR>
<i>Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Their generals have not been able to <i>cope</i>
with the troops of Athens.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bargain for; to buy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make return for; to requite; to
repay.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>three thousand ducats due unto the Jew,<BR>
We freely <i>cope</i> your courteous pains withal.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To match one's self against; to meet;
to encounter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I love to <i>cope</i> him in these sullen
fits.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They say he yesterday <i>coped</i> Hector in the
battle, and struck him down.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cope"-chis`el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A narrow
chisel adapted for cutting a groove.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"peck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>kopeika</i>] <def>A Russian copper coin. See
<u>Kopeck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clad in a
cope.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cop`e*la"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a rower.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Larvalla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cope"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>koopman</i>, fr. <i>koopen</i> to buy. See <u>Cope</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <u>Chapman</u>.] <def>A chapman; a
dealer; a merchant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He would have sold his part of paradise<BR>
For ready money, had he met a <i>copeman</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cop"e*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Copepoda.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>One of the Copepoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*pep"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?; an oar + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of Entomostraca, including many minute Crustacea, both
fresh-water and marine.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have a distinct carapace. The eggs are carried in
a pair of external pouches. Some are parasites of fishes.</p>

<p><hw>Co*per"ni*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to Copernicus, a Prussian by birth (<i>b.</i>
1473, <i>d.</i> 1543), who taught the world the solar system now
received, called the <i>Copernican</i> system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Copes"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
associate or companion; a friend; a partner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Misshapen time, <i>copesmate</i> of ugly
Night.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cope"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A stone for coping. See <u>Coping</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"i*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From.
<u>Copy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who copies; one who
writes or transcribes from an original; a transcriber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An imitator; one who imitates an
example; hence, a plagiarist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cope</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The highest or covering
course of masonry in a wall, often with sloping edges to carry
off water; -- sometimes called <i>capping</i>.</def>
<i>Gwill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"pi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>copiosus</i>, fr. <i>copia</i> abundance: cf. F.
<i>copieux</i>. See <u>Copy</u>, <u>Opulent</u>.] <def>Large in
quantity or amount; plentiful; abundant; fruitful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kindly pours its <i>copious</i> treasures
forth.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Hail, Son of God, Savior of men! thy name<BR>
Shall be the <i>copious</i> matter of my song.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ample; abundant; plentiful; plenteous; rich;
full; exuberant; overflowing; full. See <u>Ample</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Co"pi*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
copious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"pi*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being copious; abudance; plenty; also, diffuseness
in style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To imitatethe <i>copiousness</i> of Homer.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abudance; plenty; richness; exuberance.</p>

<p><hw>Cop"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>copiste</i>.
See <u>Copy</u>.] <def>A copier.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>copist</i>
after nature."  <i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*plan"ar</hw> (k&osl;*pl&amacr;n"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>co-</i> + <i>plane</i>.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>Situated in one plane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cop</i> +
<i>land</i>.] <def>A piece of ground terminating in a point or
acute angle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Co*por"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos><def>Equal
share.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Myself will bear . . . <i>coportion</i> of your
pack.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Copped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Cop</u>.]
<def>Rising to a point or head; conical; pointed; crested.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cop"pel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cupel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>coper</i>
(cf. D. <i>koper</i>, Sw. <i>koppar</i>, Dan. <i>kobber</i>, G.
<i>kupfer</i>), LL. <i>cuper</i>, fr. L. <i>cuprum</i> for
earlier <i>Cyprium</i>, <i>Cyprium aes</i>, i.e., Cyprian brass,
fr. Gr. &?; of Cyprus (Gr. &?;), anciently renowned for its
copper mines. Cf. <u>Cypreous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
common metal of a reddish color, both ductile and malleable, and
very tenacious. It is one of the best conductors of heat and
electricity. Symbol Cu. Atomic weight 63.3. It is one of the most
useful metals in itself, and also in its alloys, brass and
bronze.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Copper is the only metal which occurs native abundantly
in large masses; it is found also in various ores, of which the
most important are chalcopyrite, chalcocite, cuprite, and
malachite. Copper mixed with tin forms bell metal; with a smaller
proportion, bronze; and with zinc, it forms brass, pinchbeck, and
other alloys.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coin made of copper; a penny, cent,
or other minor coin of copper.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My friends filled my pockets with
<i>coppers</i>.<BR>
<i>Franklin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vessel, especially a large boiler,
made of copper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> Specifically <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<def>the boilers in the galley for cooking; as, a ship's
<i>coppers</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Copper</i> is often used adjectively, commonly in
the sense of <i>made</i> or <i>consisting of copper</i>, or
<i>resembling copper</i>; as, a <i>copper</i> boiler, tube,
etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>All in a hot and <i>copper</i> sky.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>It is sometimes written in combination; as,
<i>copper</i>plate, <i>copper</i>smith, <i>copper</i>-
colored.</p>

<p><col><b>Copper finch</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Chaffinch</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Copper glance</b></col>, or
<col><b>Vitreous copper</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Chalcocite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indigo copper</b></col>.
<i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See <u>Covelline</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Coppered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coppering</u>.] <def>To cover or coat with
copper; to sheathe with sheets of copper; as, to <i>copper</i> a
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>coperose</i>, F. <i>couperose</i>, fr. (assumed?) L.
<i>cuprirosa</i>, equiv. to G. <grk>cha`lkanqos</grk>, i. e.
copper flower, vitriol.  See <u>Copper</u> and <u>Rose.</u>]
<def>Green vitriol, or sulphate of iron; a green crystalline
substance, of an astringent taste, used in making ink, in dyeing
black, as a tonic in medicine, etc. It is made on a large scale
by the oxidation of iron pyrites. Called also <i>ferrous
sulphate</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>copperas</i> was formerly synonymous with
<i>vitriol</i>, and included the green, blue, and white vitriols,
or the sulphates of iron, copper, and zinc.</p>

<p><hw>Cop"per-bot`tomed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a bottom made of copper, as a tin boiler or other
vessel, or sheathed with copper, as a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos><def>Faced or
covered with copper; as, <i>copper-faced</i> type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per-fas`tened</hw> (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos><def>Fastened with copper bolts, as the
planks of ships, etc.; as, a <i>copper-fastened</i>
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From its
color.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A poisonous
American serpent (<i>Ancistrodon conotortrix</i>), closely allied
to the rattlesnake, but without rattles; -- called also
<i>copper-belly</i>, and <i>red viper</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A nickname applied to a person in the
Northern States who sympathized with the South during the Civil
War.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cop"per*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of covering with copper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An envelope or covering of
copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing, or
partaking of the nature of, copper; like copper; as, a
<i>copperish</i> taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per-nick`el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Niccolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per-nose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A red
nose.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per*plate`</hw> (k&obreve;p"p&etilde;r*pl&amacr;t`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plate of polished
copper on which a design or writing is engraved.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An impression on paper taken from such a
plate.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In printing from a copper- or steel plate the lines are
filled with ink, the surface of the plate is wiped clean, the
paper laid upon it, and the impression taken by pressing it under
the roller of a plate press.</p>

<p><col><b>Copperplate press</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Plate
press</i>, under <u>Plate</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per*smith`</hw> (-sm&ibreve;th`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One whose occupation is to manufacture copper utensils; a
worker in copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per works`</hw> (?). <def>A place where copper is
wrought or manufactured.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per*worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The teredo; -- so
called because it injures the bottoms of vessels, where not
protected by copper.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
ringworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mixed with
copper; containing copper, or made of copper; like
copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"pice</hw> (k&obreve;p"p&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>copeiz</i>, fr. <i>coper</i>,
<i>couper</i>, to cut, F. <i>couper</i>, fr. <i>cop</i>,
<i>coup</i>, <i>colp</i>, a blow, F. <i>coup</i>, L.
<i>colaphus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>ko`lafos</grk>. Cf. <u>Copse</u>,
and cf. <u>Coup&eacute;</u>, <u>Coupee</u>.] <def>A grove of
small growth; a thicket of brushwood; a wood cut at certain times
for fuel or other purposes. See <u>Copse</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rate of <i>coppice</i> lands will fall, upon
the discovery of coal mines.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cop"pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[See <u>Cop</u>.]
<def>A cop of thread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A dim. of
<u>Cop</u>.] <def>Something rising in a conical shape;
specifically, a hill rising to a point.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A low cape, and upon it a <i>copple</i> not very
high.<BR>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cop"ple-crown</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
created or high-topped crown or head.</def> "Like the <i>copple-
crown</i> the lapwing has."  <i>T. Randolph.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cop"ple-crowned`</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cop"pled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Copple</u>.] <def>Rising to a point; conical; copped.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cop"ple dust`</hw> (?). <def>Cupel dust.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Powder of steel, or <i>copple dust</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cop"ple*stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cobblestone.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Copps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Copse</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Co"pra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay&aacute;lam
<i>koppara</i> or Hind. <i>khopr&amacr;</i>.] <i>(Com.)</i>
<def>The dried meat of the cocoanut, from which cocoanut oil is
expressed.</def> [Written also <i>cobra</i>, <i>copperah</i>,
<i>coppra</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cop"ro*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ko`pros</grk> dung + <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A
piece of petrified dung; a fossil excrement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop`ro*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing, pertaining to, or of the nature of,
coprolites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*proph"a*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Coprophagous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of beetle
which feeds upon dung.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*proph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
exrement + &?; to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feeding upon
dung, as certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop-rose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>coprose</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. D. <i>klaproos</i>,
<i>klapperroos</i>.] <def>The red, or corn, poppy.</def> [Written
also <i>cup-rose</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cops</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cops</i>,
<i>cosp</i>, fetter.] <def>The connecting crook of a
harrow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Copse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from
<i>coppice</i>.] <def>A wood of small growth; a thicket of
brushwood. See <u>Coppice</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Near yonder <i>copse</i> where once the garden
smiled.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Copse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To trim or cut; -- said of small trees, brushwood, tufts of
grass, etc.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To plant and preserve, as a
copse.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Copse"wood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Brushwood;
coppice.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cops"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized
by copses.</def>  "<i>Copsy</i> villages."  "<i>Copsy</i> banks."
<i>J. Dyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cop"tic</hw> (k&obreve;p"t&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Abbrev. from L. <i>Aegyptius</i> an Egyptian, Gr. &?;, Ar.
<i>kibt&imacr;</i>, pl. <i>kibt</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
the Copts.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>The language of
the Copts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Copts</hw> (k&obreve;pts"), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
<i>sing.</i> <singw><b>Copt</b></singw> (#). [See <u>Coptic</u>.]
<i>(Etnol.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An Egyptian race thought
to be descendants of the ancient Egyptians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The principal sect of Christians in
Egypt and the valley of the Nile.</def></p>

<p>&fist; they belong to the Jacobite sect of Monophysite
Christians, and for eleven centuries have had possession of the
patriarchal chair of Alexandria.</p>

<p><hw>Cop"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., bond, band.
See <u>Couple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Logic &amp; Gram.)</i>
<def>The word which unites the subject and predicate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The stop which connects
the manuals, or the manuals with the pedals; -- called also
<i>coupler</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>copulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>copulare</i> to couple, fr.
<i>copula</i>. See <u>Copula</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Joined; associated; coupled.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Joining subject and
predicate; copulative.</def>  <i>F. A. March.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cop"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Copulated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Copulating</u>.] <def>To unite in sexual
intercourse; to come together in the act of generation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>copulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>copulation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of coupling or joining; union;
conjunction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wit, you know, is the unexpected <i>copulation</i>
of ideas.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The coming together of male and female
in the act of generation; sexual union; coition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"u*la"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>copulativus</i>: cf. F. <i>copulatif</i>.] <def>Serving to
couple, unite, or connect; as, a <i>copulative</i> conjunction
like "and".</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"u*la*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Connection.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Rycaut.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A copulative
conjunction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"u*la"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
copulative manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"u*la*to*ry</hw>
(k&obreve;p"&usl;*l&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to copulation; tending or
serving to unite; copulative.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Used in sexual
union; as, the <i>copulatory</i> organs of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"y</hw> (k&obreve;p"&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Copies</b></plw> (-&ibreve;z). [F.
<i>copie</i>, fr. L. <i>copia</i> abundance, number, LL. also, a
transcript; <i>co-</i> + the root of <i>opes</i> riches. See
<u>Opulent</u>, and cf. <u>Copious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An abundance or plenty of anything.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She was blessed with no more <i>copy</i> of wit,
but to serve his humor thus.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An imitation, transcript, or
reproduction of an original work; as, a <i>copy</i> of a letter,
an engraving, a painting, or a statue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not the vanity to think my <i>copy</i>
equal to the original.<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An individual book, or a single set of
books containing the works of an author; as, a <i>copy</i> of the
Bible; a <i>copy</i> of the works of Addison.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is to be imitated,
transcribed, or reproduced; a pattern, model, or example; as, his
virtues are an excellent <i>copy</i> for imitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him first learn to write, after a <i>copy</i>,
all the letters.<BR>
<i>Holder.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(print.)</i> <def>Manuscript or printed
matter to be set up in type; as, the printers are calling for
more <i>copy</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A writing paper of a particular size.
Same as <u>Bastard</u>. See under <u>Paper</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Copyhold; tenure; lease.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Copy book</b></col>, <cd>a book in which copies are
written or printed for learners to imitate.</cd> --
<col><b>Examined copies</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>those which
have been compared with the originals.</cd> --
<col><b>Exemplified copies</b></col>, <cd>those which are
attested under seal of a court.</cd> -- <col><b>Certified or
Office</b></col> <col><b>copies</b></col>, <cd>those which are
made or attested by officers having charge of the originals, and
authorized to give copies officially.</cd>  <i>Abbot.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Imitation; transcript; duplicate;
counterfeit.</p>

<p><! p. 322 !></p>

<p><hw>Cop"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Copied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Copying</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>copir</i>, fr. LL. <i>copiare</i>.
See <u>Copy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make a copy or copies of; to write; print, engrave, or paint
after an original; to duplicate; to reproduce; to transcribe; as,
to <i>copy</i> a manuscript, inscription, design, painting, etc.;
-- often with <i>out</i>, sometimes with <i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I like the work well; ere it be demanded<BR>
(As like enough it will), I'd have it <i>copied</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Let this be <i>copied</i> out,<BR>
And keep it safe for our remembrance.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To imitate; to attempt to resemble, as
in manners or course of life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>copy</i> instinctively the voices of our
companions, their accents, and their modes of pronunciation.<BR>
<i>Stewart.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cop"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a copy or copies; to imitate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To yield a duplicate or transcript;
as, the letter did not <i>copy</i> well.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some . . . never fail, when they <i>copy</i>, to
follow the bad as well as the good things.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cop"y*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Copier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"y*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
contrivance for producing manifold copies of a writing or
drawing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The writing or drawing is made with aniline ink on
paper, and a reverse copy transfered by pressure to a slab of
gelatin softened with glycerin. A large number of transcripts can
be taken while the ink is fresh.</p>

<p><blockquote>Various names have been given to the process [the
gelatin copying process], some of them acceptable and others
absurd; hectograph, polygraph, <i>copygraph</i>, lithogram,
etc.<BR>
<i>Knight.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cop"y*hold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tenure of estate by copy of
court roll; or a tenure for which the tenant has nothing to show,
except the rolls made by the steward of the lord's court.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Land held in
copyhold.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Copyholds</i> do not exist in the United States.</p>

<p><hw>Cop"y*hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>One possessed of land
in copyhold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
device for holding copy for a compositor.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who reads copy to a proof
reader.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"y*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>From
<u>Copy</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Copying ink</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ink</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Copying paper</b></col>, <cd>thin unsized paper used
for taking copies of letters, etc., in a copying press.</cd> --
<col><b>Copying press</b></col>, <cd>a machine for taking by
pressure, an exact copy of letters, etc., written in copying
ink.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cop"y*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A copier; a
transcriber; an imitator; a plagiarist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"y*right</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The right
of an author or his assignee, under statute, to print and publish
his literary or artistic work, exclusively of all other persons.
This right may be had in maps, charts, engravings, plays, and
musical compositions, as well as in books.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States a copyright runs for the term of
twenty-eight years, with right of renewal for fourteen years on
certain conditions.
</p>

<p><col><b>International copyright</b></col>, <cd>an author's
right in his productions as secured by treaty between
nations.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cop"y*right`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To secure
a copyright on.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Coque"li*cot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The wild poppy, or red corn
rose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The color of the wild poppy; a color
nearly red, like orange mixed with scarlet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*quet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Coquetted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coquetting</u>.] <def>To attempt to attract the
notice, admiration, or love of; to treat with a show of
tenderness or regard, with a view to deceive and
disappoint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are <i>coquetting</i> a maid of honor.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*quet"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To trifle in
love; to stimulate affection or interest; to play the coquette;
to deal playfully instead of seriously; to play (with); as, we
have <i>coquetted</i> with political crime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*quet"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Coquetries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>coquetterie</i>.]
<def>Attempts to attract admiration, notice, or love, for the
mere gratification of vanity; trifling in love.</def> "Little
affectations of <i>coquetry</i>."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*quette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>coquet</i>, <i>coquette</i>, coquettish, orig., cocklike,
strutting like a cock, fr. <i>coq</i> a cock. Cf. <u>Cock</u>,
<u>Cocket</u>, <u>Cocky</u>, <u>Cockade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A vain, trifling woman, who endeavors to attract admiration
from a desire to gratify vanity; a flirt; -- formerly sometimes
applied also to men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tropical humming
bird of the genus <i>Lophornis</i>, with very elegant neck
plumes. Several species are known. See <i>Illustration</i> under
<u>Spangle</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Co*quet"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Practicing or exhibiting coquetry; alluring;
enticing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A pretty, <i>coquettish</i> housemaid.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*quet"tish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
coquettish manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*quil"la nut</hw> (?). [Pg. <i>coquilho</i>, Sp.
<i>coquillo</i>, dim. of <i>coco</i> a cocoanut.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The fruit of a Brazilian tree (<i>Attalea funifera</i> of
Martius.).</def></p>

<p>&fist; Its shell is hazel-brown in color, very hard and close
in texture, and much used by turners in forming ornamental
articles, such as knobs for umbrella handles.</p>

<p><hw>Co*quim"bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mineral
consisting principally of sulphate of iron; white copperas; -- so
called because found in the province of <i>Coquimbo</i>,
Chili.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*qui"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.,
shellfish, cockle.] <def>A soft, whitish, coral-like stone,
formed of broken shells and corals, found in the southern United
States, and used for roadbeds and for building material, as in
the fort at St. Augustine, Florida.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor-</hw> (k&obreve;r-). <def>A prefix signifying
<i>with</i>, <i>together</i>, etc. See <u>Com-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor</hw> (k&ocirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>k&omacr;r</i>.] <def>A Hebrew measure of capacity; a
homer.</def> [Written also <i>core</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Co"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Arabian gazelle (<i>Gazella Arabica</i>), found from
persia to North Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"a*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W.
<i>corwgl</i>, <i>cwrwgl</i>, fr. <i>corwg</i>, <i>cwrwg</i>, any
round body or vessel, the trunk of the body, carcass.] <def>A
boat made by covering a wicker frame with leather or oilcloth. It
was used by the ancient Britons, and is still used by fisherman
in Wales and some parts of Ireland. Also, a similar boat used in
Thibet and in Egypt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"a*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[Gr. &?;;
<grk>ko`rax</grk> crow + <grk>e'i^dos</grk> form.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shaped like a crow's beak.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a bone of
the shoulder girdle in most birds, reptiles, and amphibians,
which is reduced to a process of the scapula in most
mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"a*coid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The coracoid
bone or process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"age</hw> (?; OF. &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Courage</u></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To Canterbury with full devout <i>corage</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of. <i>coral</i>,
F, <i>corail</i>, L. <i>corallum</i>, <i>coralium</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>kora`llion</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The hard parts or skeleton of various Anthozoa, and of a few
Hydrozoa. Similar structures are also formed by some
Bryozoa.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The large stony corals forming coral reefs belong to
various genera of <i>Madreporaria</i>, and to the hydroid genus,
<i>Millepora</i>. The red coral, used in jewelry, is the stony
axis of the stem of a gorgonian (<i>Corallium rubrum</i>) found
chiefly in the Mediterranean. The <i>fan corals</i>, <i>plume
corals</i>, and <i>sea feathers</i> are species of
<i>Gorgoniacea</i>, in which the axis is horny. <i>Organ-pipe</i>
coral is formed by the genus <i>Tubipora</i>, an Alcyonarian, and
<i>black coral</i> is in part the axis of species of the genus
<i>Antipathes</i>. See <u>Anthozoa</u>, <u>Madrepora</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The ovaries of a cooked lobster; -- so
called from their color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of coral, usually fitted with
small bells and other appurtenances, used by children as a
plaything.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Brain coral</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Brain stone
coral</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Brain</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Chain coral</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Chain</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Coral animal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
the polyps by which corals are formed. They are often very
erroneously called <i>coral insects</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Coral
fish</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Coral
reefs</b></col> <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i>, <cd>reefs, often of great
extent, made up chiefly of fragments of corals, coral sands, and
the solid limestone resulting from their consolidation. They are
classed as <i>fringing reefs</i>, when they border the land;
<i>barrier reefs</i>, when separated from the shore by a broad
belt of water; <i>atolls</i>, when they constitute separate
islands, usually inclosing a lagoon. See <u>Atoll</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Coral root</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus
(<i>Corallorhiza</i>) of orchideous plants, of a yellowish or
brownish red color, parasitic on roots of other plants, and
having curious jointed or knotted roots not unlike some kinds of
coral. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Coralloid</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Coral snake</b></col>. <i>(Zo)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A small, venomous, Brazilian snake <i>(Elaps corallinus)</i>,
coral-red, with black bands.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
small, harmless, South American snake (<i>Tortrix
scytale</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Coral tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a tropical, leguminous plant, of several species, with showy,
scarlet blossoms and coral-red seeds. The best known is
<i>Erythrina Corallodendron</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Coral
wood</b></col>, <cd>a hard, red cabinet wood.</cd>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"aled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having coral;
covered with coral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"al fish`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
bright-colored fish of the genera <i>Ch&aelig;todon</i>,
<i>Pomacentrus</i>, <i>Apogon</i>, and related genera, which live
among reef corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`al*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like
coral, or partaking of its qualities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ral"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A deposit of coralliferous limestone forming a portion of
the middle division of the o&ouml;lite; -- called also coral-
rag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`al*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corallum</i> coral + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Containing or
producing coral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"al*li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corallum</i> coral + <i>-form</i>.] <def>resembling coral in
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cor`al*lig"e*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>corallum</i> coral + root of <i>gignere</i> to
produce.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Anthozoa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`al*lig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>producing coral; coralligerous; coralliferous.</def>
<i>Humble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor`al*lig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corallum</i> coral + <i>-gerous</i>.] <def>Producing coral;
coralliferous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"al*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named in
allusion to the color of red corallin, fr. L. <i>corallum</i>
coral.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow coal-tar dyestuff which
probably consists chiefly of rosolic acid. See <u>Aurin</u>, and
<i>Rosolic acid</i> under <u>Rosolic</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Red corallin</b></col>, <cd>a red dyestuff which is
obtained by treating aurin or rosolic acid with ammonia; --
called also <i>p&aelig;onin</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow
corallin</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Aurin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor"al*line</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>corallinus</i> coralred.] <def>Composed of corallines; as,
<i>coralline</i> limestone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"al*line</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>coralline</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
submarine, semicalcareous or calcareous plant, consisting of many
jointed branches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Formerly any
slender coral-like animal; -- sometimes applied more particulary
to bryozoan corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"al*lin*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil coralline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"al*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corallum</i> coral.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral substance or petrifaction, in the form of
coral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
individual members of a compound coral; or that part formed by a
single coral animal.</def> [Written also <i>corallet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor"al*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corallum</i> coral + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F.
<i>corallo&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Having the form of coral; branching
like coral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`al*loid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>resembling coral; coralloid.</def>  <i>Sir T.
browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Co*ral"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The coral or skeleton of a
zo&ouml;phyte, whether calcareous of horny, simple or compound.
See <u>Coral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"al-rag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(geol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Corallian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"al*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A cruciferous herb of certain species of <i>Dentaria</i>; --
called also <i>toothwort</i>, <i>tooth violet</i>, or <i>pepper
root</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"a*nach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>coranach</i>, or <i>corranach</i>, a crying, the Irish funeral
cry (the <i>keen</i>), a dirge; <i>comh</i> with + <i>ranaich</i>
a roaring, <i>ran</i> to roar, shriek.] <def>A lamentation for
the dead; a dirge.</def> [Written also <i>coranich</i>,
<i>corrinoch</i>, <i>coronach</i>, <i>cronach</i>, etc.]
[Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Co*rant</hw> (?), <hw>Co*ran"to</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Courant</u>.] <def>A sprightly but
somewhat stately dance, now out of fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is harder to dance a <i>corant</i> well, than a
jig.<BR>
<i>Sir W. temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Dancing a <i>coranto</i> with him upon the
heath.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Corb</hw> (k&ocirc;rb), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corbis</i> basket. Cf. <u>Corbeil</u>, <u>Corp</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A basket used in coal mines, etc. see
<u>Corf</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament in a
building; a corbel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ban</hw> (k&ocirc;r"b&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Heb. <i>qorb&amacr;n</i>, akin to Ar. qurb&amacr;n.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>An offering of any
kind, devoted to God and therefore not to be appropriated to any
other use; esp., an offering in fulfillment of a vow.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the old Testament the hebrew word is usually
translated "oblation" as in <i>Numb. xviii. 9, xxxi. 50.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The traditionists laid down that a man might interdict
himself by vow, not only from using for himself, but from giving
to another, or receiving from him, some particular object,
whether of food or any other kind. A person might thus exempt
himself from assisting parents in distress, under plea of
<i>corban</i>. <i>Dr. W. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An alms basket; a vessel to receive
gifts of charity; a treasury of the church, where offerings are
deposited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corbe</hw> (k&ocirc;rb), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>corbe</i>, fr. L. <i>curvus</i>. See <u>Cuve</u>.]
<def>Crooked.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Corbe</i> shoulder."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"beil</hw> (k&ocirc;r"b&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>corbeille</i>, fr. L. <i>corbicula</i> a little basket,
dim. of <i>corbis</i> basket. Cf. <u>Corbel</u>, <u>Corb</u>,
<u>Corvette</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
sculptured basket of flowers; a corbel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>Small
gabions.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"bel</hw> (k&ocirc;r"b&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>corbeau</i>, for older <i>corbel</i>, dim. of L.
<i>corbis</i> basket. (Corbels were often in the form of a
basket.) See <u>Corbeil</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A bracket
supporting a superincumbent object, or receiving the spring of an
arch. Corbels were employed largely in Gothic
architecture.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A common form of corbel consists of courses of stones
or bricks, each projecting slightly beyond the next below it.</p>

<p><hw>Cor"bel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with
a corbel or corbels; to support by a corbel; to make in the form
of a corbel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To corbel out</b></col>, <cd>to furnish with a corbel
of courses, each projecting beyond the one next below
it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor"bel-ta`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A horizontal row of corbels, with the panels
or filling between them; also, less properly used to include the
stringcourse on them.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cor"bie</hw> <i>or</i> <hw>Cor"by</hw>  }
(k&ocirc;r"b&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Corbies</b></plw> (-b&ibreve;z). [F. <i>corbeau</i>, OF.
<i>corbel</i>, dim. fr. L. <i>corvus</i> raven.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The raven.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(her.)</i> <def>A raven, crow, or
chough, used as a charge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corbie crow</b></col>, <cd>the carrion crow.</cd>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor"bie*step`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the steps in which a gable wall is
often finished in place of a continuous slope; -- also called
<i>crowstep</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"cho*rus</hw> (k&ocirc;r"k&oal;*r&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Nl., fr. L. <i>corchorus</i> a poor kind of
pulse, Gr. <grk>ko`rchoros</grk> a wild plant of bitter taste.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The common name of the <i>Kerria Japonica</i>
or Japan globeflower, a yellow-flowered, perennial, rosaceous
plant, seen in old-fashioned gardens.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cor"cle</hw> (k&ocirc;r"k'l), <hw>Cor"cule</hw> (-
k&usl;l) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>corculum</i> a little
heart, dim. of <i>cor</i> heart.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The heart of
the seed; the embryo or germ.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cord</hw> (k&ocirc;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>corde</i>, L. <i>chorda</i> catgut, chord, cord, fr. Gr.
<grk>chordh`</grk>; cf. <grk>chola`des</grk> intestines, L.
<i>harus</i>pex soothsayer (inspector of entrails), Icel.
<i>g&ouml;rn</i>, pl. <i>garnir</i> gut, and E. <i>yarn</i>. Cf.
<u>Chord</u>, <u>Yarn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A string, or
small rope, composed of several strands twisted
together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A solid measure, equivalent to 128
cubic feet; a pile of wood, or other coarse material, eight feet
long, four feet high, and four feet broad; -- originally measured
with a cord or line.</def></p>

<p><! p. 323 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Any moral influence by which
persons are caught, held, or drawn, as if by a cord; an
enticement; as, the <i>cords</i> of the wicked; the <i>cords</i>
of sin; the <i>cords</i> of vanity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The knots that tangle human creeds,<BR>
The wounding <i>cords</i> that bind and strain<BR>
The heart until it bleeds.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Any structure having
the appearance of a cord, esp. a tendon or a nerve. See under
<u>Spermatic</u>, <u>Spinal</u>, <u>Umbilical</u>,
<u>Vocal</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See <u>Chord</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Cord wood</b></col>, <cd>wood for fuel cut to the
length of four feet (when of full measure).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cord</hw> (k&ocirc;rd), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Corded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cording</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind
with a cord; to fasten with cords; to connect with cords; to
ornament or finish with a cord or cords, as a garment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To arrange (wood, etc.) in a pile for
measurement by the cord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cord"age</hw> (k&ocirc;rd"&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>cordage</i>. See <u>Cord</u>.] <def>Ropes or cords,
collectively; hence, anything made of rope or cord, as those
parts of the rigging of a ship which consist of ropes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cord"al</hw> (k&ocirc;rd"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Cordelle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cordate</hw> (k&ocirc;r"d&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cor</i>, <i>cordis</i>, heart.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Heart-
shaped; as, a <i>cordate</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"date*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a cordate
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cord"ed</hw> (k&ocirc;rd"&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bound or fastened with cords.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Piled in a form for measurement by the
cord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Made of cords.</def> [Obs.] "A
<i>corded</i> ladder."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Striped or ribbed with cords; as,
cloth with a <i>corded</i> surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Bound about, or wound,
with cords.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`de*lier"</hw> (k&ocirc;r`d&esl;*l&emacr;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. OF. <i>cordel</i>, F.
<i>cordeau</i>, dim. fr. <i>corde</i> string, rope. See
<u>Cord</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A
Franciscan; -- so called in France from the girdle of knotted
cord worn by all Franciscans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fr. Hist.)</i> <def>A member of a
French political club of the time of the first Revolution, of
which Danton and Marat were members, and which met in an old
Cordelier convent in Paris.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"del*ing</hw> (k&ocirc;r"d&ebreve;*&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>cordeler</i> to twist, fr. OF.
<i>cordel</i>. See <u>Cordelier</u>.] <def>Twisting.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cor*delle"</hw> (k&ocirc;r*d&ebreve;l"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of <i>corde</i> cord.] <def>A
twisted cord; a tassel.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"dial</hw> (k&ocirc;r"j<i>a</i>l, <i>formally</i>
k&ocirc;rd"y<i>a</i>l; 106, 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>cordialis</i>, fr. L. <i>cor</i> heart: cf. F.
<i>cordial</i>. See <u>Heart</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Proceeding from the heart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A rib with <i>cordial</i> spirits warm.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hearty; sincere; warm;
affectionate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . with looks of <i>cordial</i> love<BR>
Hung over her enamored.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tending to revive, cheer, or
invigorate; giving strength or spirits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold this <i>cordial</i> julep here<BR>
That flames and dances in his crystal bounds.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hearty; sincere; heartfelt; warm; affectionate;
cheering; invigorating. See <u>Hearty</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cor"dial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything that comforts, gladdens, and exhilarates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Charms to my sight, and <i>cordials</i> to my
mind.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med)</i> <def>Any invigorating and
stimulating preparation; as, a peppermint
<i>cordial</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Aromatized and sweetened
spirit, used as a beverage; a liqueur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*dial"i*ty</hw>
(k&ocirc;r*j&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve; or
k&ocirc;r`d&ibreve;*&abreve;l"-; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cordialities</b></plw> (-t&ibreve;z). [LL.
<i>cordialitas</i>, fr. <i>cordialis</i> sincere: cf. F.
<i>cordialit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relation to
the heart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That the ancients had any respect of
<i>cordiality</i> or reference unto the heart, will much be
doubted.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sincere affection and kindness; warmth
of regard; heartiness.</def>  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"dial*ize</hw> (k&ocirc;r"j<i>a</i>l*&imacr;z or
k&ocirc;rd"y<i>a</i>l*&imacr;z; 106), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make into a cordial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render cordial; to
reconcile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"dial*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow
cordial; to feel or express cordiality.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor"dial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a cordial
manner.</def>  <i> Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"dial*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cordiality.</def>  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"di*er*ite</hw>
(k&ocirc;r"d&ibreve;*&etilde;r*&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Named after the geologist <i>Cordier</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Iolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"di*form</hw> (k&ocirc;r"d&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cor</i>, <i>cordis</i>, heart + <i>-
form</i>, cf. F. <i>cordiforme</i>.] <def>Heart-shaped.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*dil"ler*a</hw>
(k&ocirc;r*d&ibreve;l"l&etilde;r*&adot;; Sp.
k&ocirc;r`d&esl;*ly&asl;"r&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr.
OSp. <i>cordilla</i>, <i>cordiella</i>, dim. of <i>cuerda</i> a
rope, string. See <u>Cord</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A mountain
ridge or chain.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Cordillera</i> is sometimes applied, in geology, to
the system of mountain chains near the border of a continent;
thus, the western <i>cordillera</i> of North America in the
United States includes the Rocky Mountains, Sierra Nevada, Coast
and Cascade ranges.</p>

<p><hw>Cor"di*ner</hw> (k&ocirc;r"d&ibreve;*n&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cordwainer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor"don</hw> (k&ocirc;r"d&obreve;n; F.
k&ocirc;r`d&ocirc;N"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>corde</i>. See <u>Cord</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cord or
ribbon bestowed or borne as a badge of honor; a broad ribbon,
usually worn after the manner of a baldric, constituting a mark
of a very high grade in an honorary order. Cf. <u>Grand
cordon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cord worn by a Franciscan
friar.</def>  <i>Sir E. Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The coping of the scarp
wall, which projects beyong the face of the wall a few
inches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A line or series of
sentinels, or of military posts, inclosing or guarding any place
or thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A rich and ornamental lace or string,
used to secure a mantle in some costumes of state.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Cordon bleu</b></col> (k&?;r`<u>d&?;n</u>" bl&?;")
[F., blue cordon], <cd>a first-rate cook, or one worthy to be the
cook of the <i>cordons bleus</i>, or Knights of the Holy Ghost,
famous for their good dinners.</cd> --  <col><b>||Cordon
sanitaire</b></col> (k&?;r`<u>d&?;n</u>" s&?;`n&?;`t&?;r") [F.,
sanitary cordon], <cd>a line of troops or military posts around a
district infected with disease, to cut off communication, and
thus prevent the disease from spreading.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Cor`don`net"</hw> (k?r`d?n`n?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., dim. of <i>cordon</i>. See <u>Cardon</u>.] <def>Doubled and
twisted thread, made of coarse silk, and used for tassels,
fringes, etc.</def>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"do*van</hw> (k&ocirc;r"d&osl;*v>acr/n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>cordoban</i>, fr.  <i>Cordova</i>,
or <i>Cordoba</i>, in Spain. Cf. <u>Cordwain</u>.] <def>Same as
<u>Cordwain</u>.  In England the name is applied to leather made
from horsehide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"du*roy`</hw> (k&ocirc;r"d&usl;*roi` or
k&ocirc;r`d&usl;*roi"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. for F.
<i>corde du roi</i> king's cord.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort
of cotton velveteen, having the surface raised in
ridges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Trousers or breeches of
corduroy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corduroy road</b></col>, <cd>a roadway formed of logs
laid side by side across it, as in marshy places; -- so called
from its rough or ribbed surface, resembling corduroy.</cd>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor"du*roy`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form of
logs laid side by side.</def> "Roads were <i>corduroyed</i>."
<i>Gen. W. T. Sherman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cord"wain</hw> (k?rd"w?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cordewan</i>, <i>cordian</i>, OF.  <i>cordoan</i>,
<i>cordouan</i>, fr. Sp.  <i>cordoban</i>. See <u>Cordovan</u>.]
<def>A term used in the Middle Ages for Spanish leather (goatskin
tanned and dressed), and hence, any leather handsomely finished,
colored, gilded, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Buskins he wore of costliest <i>cordwain</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cord"wain*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cordwaner</i>, <i>cordiner</i>, fr. OF. <i>cordoanier</i>,
<i>cordouanier</i>, F. <i>cordonnier</i>.] <def>A worker in
cordwain, or cordovan leather; a shoemaker.</def> [Archaic.]</p>

<p><hw>Core</hw> (k&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>corps</i>. See <u>Corps</u>.] <def>A body of individuals; an
assemblage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was in a <i>core</i> of people.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Core</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Chore</u>.]
<i>(Mining.)</i> <def>A miner's underground working time or
shift.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The twenty-four hours are divided into three or four
<i>cores</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Core</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>k&omacr;r</i>:
cf. Gr. <grk>ko`ros</grk>.] <def>A Hebrew dry measure; a cor or
homer.</def>  <i>Num. xi. 32 (Douay version).</i></p>

<p><hw>Core</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.  <i>cor</i>,
<i>coer</i>, <i>cuer</i>, F.  <i>c&oelig;ur</i>, fr. L.
<i>cor</i> heart. See <u>Heart</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
heart or inner part of a thing, as of a column, wall, rope, of a
boil, etc.; especially, the central part of fruit, containing the
kernels or seeds; as, the <i>core</i> of an apple or
quince.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fever at the <i>core</i>,<BR>
Fatal to him who bears, to all who ever bore.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The center or inner part, as of an
open space; as, the <i>core</i> of a square.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The most important part of a thing;
the essence; as, the <i>core</i> of a subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>The portion of a
mold which shapes the interior of a cylinder, tube, or other
hollow casting, or which makes a hole in or through a casting; a
part of the mold, made separate from and inserted in it, for
shaping some part of the casting, the form of which is not
determined by that of the pattern.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A disorder of sheep occasioned by
worms in the liver.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The bony process which
forms the central axis of the horns in many animals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Core box</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>a box or
mold, usually divisible, in which cores are molded.</cd> --
<col><b>Core print</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>a projecting
piece on a pattern which forms, in the mold, an impression for
holding in place or steadying a core.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Core</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cord</u> (k&omacr;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take out
the core or inward parts of; as, to <i>core</i> an
apple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He's like a corn upon my great toe . . . he must
be <i>cored</i> out.<BR>
<i>Marston.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form by means of a core, as a hole
in a casting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co-re"gent</hw> (k?-r?"j<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A joint regent or ruler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`-re*la"tion</hw> (k?`r?-l?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Corresponding relation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`-re*li"gion*ist</hw> (-l?j"?n-?st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the same religion with
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co`re*op"sis</hw> (k?`r?-?p"s?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; bug + &?;&?;&?; appearance.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of herbaceous composite plants, having
the achenes two-horned and remotely resembling some insect;
tickseed. <i>C. tinctoria</i>, of the Western plains, the
commonest plant of the genus, has been used in dyeing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"er</hw> (k?rr"?rr), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which cores; an instrument for coring fruit; as, an apple
<i>corer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`-re*spond"ent</hw> (k?`rr?-sp?nd"<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who is called upon to
answer a summons or other proceeding jointly with
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corf</hw> (k&ocirc;rf), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Corves</b></plw> (k&ocirc;rvz). [Cf. LG. &amp; D. <i>korf</i>
basket, G. <i>korb</i>, fr. L.  <i>corbis</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A basket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
large basket used in carrying or hoisting coal or ore.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A wooden frame, sled, or low-wheeled
wagon, to convey coal or ore in the mines.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cor"fi*ote</hw> (k&ocirc;r"f?-?t), <hw>Cor"fute</hw>
(k?r"f?t), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Corfu, an island in the Mediterranean Sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`ri*a"ceous</hw> (k?`r?-?"sh?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>coriaceous</i>, fr.  <i>corium</i> leather. See
<u>Cuirass</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of or
resembling, leather; leatherlike; tough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Stiff, like leather or
parchment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`ri*an"der</hw> (k?`r?-?n"d?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coriandrum</i>, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, perh. fr.
&?;&?;&?; bug, on account of the buglike or fetid smell of its
leaves: cf. F. <i>coriandre</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
umbelliferous plant, the <i>Coriandrum sativum</i>, the fruit or
seeds of which have a strong smell and a spicy taste, and in
medicine are considered as stomachic and carminative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"ri*dine</hw> (k?"r?-d?n; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From L.  <i>cortium</i> leather.] <def>A colorless or yellowish
oil, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>15</sub>N, of a leathery odor, occuring
in coal tar, Dippel's oil, tobacco smoke, etc., regarded as an
organic base, homologous with pyridine. Also, one of a series of
metameric compounds of which coridine is a type.</def> [Written
also <i>corindine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Co*rin"don</hw> (k?-r?n"d?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>See <u>Corrundum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co`rinne"</hw> (k?`r?n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common gazelle (<i>Gazella
dorcas</i>). See <u>Gazelle</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>korin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor"inth</hw> (k?r"?nth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Corinthus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;. Cf.  <u>Currant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A city of Greece, famed for its luxury
and extravagance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small fruit; a currant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*rin"thi*ac</hw> (k?-r?n"th?-?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>Corinthiacus</i>.] <def>Pertaining to Corinth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*rin"thi*an</hw> (-<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or relating to Corinth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Corinthian order of architecture, invented by the Greeks, but
more commonly used by the Romans.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the lightest and most ornamental of the
three orders used by the Greeks.<BR>
<i>Parker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Debauched in character or practice;
impure.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an amateur sailor
or yachtsman; as, a <i>corinthian</i> race (one in which the
contesting yachts must be manned by amateurs.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*rin"thi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Corinth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gay, licentious person.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Co"ri*um</hw> (k?"r?-?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corium</i> leather.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Armor made of
leather, particularly that used by the Romans; used also by
Enlish soldiers till the reign of Edward I.</def>
<i>Fosbroke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Same as <u>Dermis</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
deep layer of mucous membranes beneath the epithelium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ri"val</hw> (k&osl;*r&imacr;"v<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rival; a corrival.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ri"val</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rival; to
pretend to equal.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Co*ri"val*ry</hw>, <hw>Co*ri"val*ship</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Joint rivalry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cork</hw> (k&ocirc;rk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.,
Dan., &amp; Sw. <i>kork</i>, D.  <i>kurk</i>; all fr. Sp.
<i>corcho</i>, fr. L. <i>cortex</i>, <i>corticis</i>, bark, rind.
Cf. <u>Cortex</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The outer layer of
the bark of the cork tree (<i>Quercus Suber</i>), of which
stoppers for bottles and casks are made. See
<u>Cutose</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stopper for a bottle or cask, cut
out of cork.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mass of tabular cells formed in any
kind of bark, in greater or less abundance.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Cork</i> is sometimes used wrongly for <i>calk</i>,
<i>calker</i>; <i>calkin</i>, a sharp piece of iron on the shoe
of a horse or ox.</p>

<p><col><b>Cork jackets</b></col>, <cd>a jacket having thin
pieces of cork inclosed within canvas, and used to aid in
swimming.</cd> -- <col><b>Cork tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the species of oak (<i>Quercus Suber</i> of Southern Europe)
whose bark furnishes the cork of commerce.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cork</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Corked</u> (k&ocirc;rkt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Corking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stop
with a cork, as a bottle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish or fit with cork; to raise
on cork.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tread on <i>corked</i> stilts a prisoner's
pace.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; To <i>cork</i> is sometimes used erroneously for to
<i>calk</i>, to furnish the shoe of a horse or ox with sharp
points, and also in the meaning of cutting with a calk.</p>

<p><hw>Cork"age</hw> (-&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
charge made by innkeepers for drawing the cork and taking care of
bottles of wine bought elsewhere by a guest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corked</hw> (k?rkt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>having
acquired an unpleasant taste from the cork; as, a bottle of wine
is <i>corked</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cork" fos`sil</hw> (k&ocirc;rk" f&obreve;s`s&ibreve;l).
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of amianthus which is very light,
like cork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cork"i*ness</hw> (-&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being corky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cork"ing pin`</hw> (k&ocirc;rk"&ibreve;ng p&ibreve;n`).
<def>A pin of a large size, formerly used attaching a woman's
headdress to a cork mold.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cork"screw`</hw> (-skr&udd;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An instrument with a screw or a steel spiral for drawing
corks from bottles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corkscrew stairs</b></col>, <cd>a spiral staircase
around a solid newel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cork"screw`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To press
forward in a winding way; as, to <i>corkscrew</i> one's way
through a crowd.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cork"wing`</hw> (-w&ibreve;ng`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish; the goldsinny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cork"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or like, cork; dry
shriveled up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bind fast hiss <i>corky</i> arms.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tasting of cork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corm</hw> (k&ocirc;rm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cormus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A solid
bulb-shaped root, as of the crocus. See <u>Bulb</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Cormus</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*mog"e*ny</hw> (k&ocirc;r*m&obreve;j"&esl;*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kormo`s</grk> trunk of a tree +
root of <grk>gi`gnesqai</grk> to be born.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The embryological history of groups or families of
individuals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`mo*phy*log"e*ny</hw> (k?r`m?-f?-l?j"?-n?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kormo`s</grk> trunk of a tree + E.
<i>phylogeny</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The phylogeny of groups or
families of individuals.</def>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><! p. 324 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cor"mo*phytes</hw> (k&ocirc;r"m&osl;*f&imacr;ts),
<hw>||Cor*moph"y*ta</hw>
(k&obreve;r*m&obreve;f"&ibreve;*t&adot;), } <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL. <i>cormophyta</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>kormo`s</grk>
trunk of a tree + <grk>fyto`n</grk> plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
term proposed by Endlicher to include all plants with an axis
containing vascular tissue and with foliage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"mo*rant</hw> (k&ocirc;r"m&osl;*r<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  <i>cormoran</i>, fr. Armor.
<i>m&omacr;r-vran</i> a sea raven; <i>m&omacr;r</i> sea +
<i>bran</i> raven, with <i>cor</i>, equiv. to L.  <i>corvus</i>
raven, pleonastically prefixed; or perh. fr. L.  <i>corvus
marinus</i> sea raven.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of <i>Phalacrocorax</i>, a genus of sea birds
having a sac under the beak; the shag. Cormorants devour fish
voraciously, and have become the emblem of gluttony. They are
generally black, and hence are called <i>sea ravens</i>, and
<i>coalgeese</i>.</def> [Written also <i>corvorant</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A voracious eater; a glutton, or
gluttonous servant.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"mo*raut</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ravenous;
voracious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cormorant</i>, devouring time.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cor"mus</hw> (k&ocirc;r"m&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>kormo`s</grk> the trunk
of a tree (with the boughs cut off), fr. <grk>kei`rein</grk> to
shear.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Corm</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A vegetable or animal
made up of a number of individuals, such as, for example, would
be formed by a process of budding from a parent stalk wherre the
buds remain attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corn</hw> (k&ocirc;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cornu</i> horn: cf. F. <i>corne</i> horn, hornlike
excrescence. See <u>Horn</u>.] <def>A thickening of the epidermis
at some point, esp. on the toes, by friction or pressure. It is
usually painful and troublesome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Welcome, gentlemen! Ladies that have their
toes<BR>
Unplagued with <i>corns</i>, will have a bout with you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The substance of a corn usually resembles horn, but
where moisture is present, as between the toes, it is white and
sodden, and is called a <i>soft corn</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Corn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.  <i>corn</i>; akin to
OS.  <i>korn</i>, D. <i>koren</i>, G., Dan., Sw., &amp; Icel.
<i>korn</i>, Goth. <i>ka&uacute;rn</i>, L.  <i>granum</i>, Russ.
<i>zerno</i>. Cf.  <u>Grain</u>, <u>Kernel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A single seed of certain plants, as
wheat, rye, barley, and maize; a grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The various farinaceous grains of the
cereal grasses used for food, as wheat, rye, barley, maize,
oats.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Scotland, <i>corn</i> is generally restricted to
<i>oats</i>, in the United States, to maize, or <i>Indian
corn</i>, of which there are several kinds; as, <i>yellow
corn</i>, which grows chiefly in the Northern States, and is
yellow when ripe; <i>white or southern corn</i>, which grows to a
great height, and has long white kernels; <i>sweet corn</i>,
comprising a number of sweet and tender varieties, grown chiefly
at the North, some of which have kernels that wrinkle when ripe
and dry; <i>pop corn</i>, any small variety, used for
popping.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The plants which produce corn, when
growing in the field; the stalks and ears, or the stalks, ears,
and seeds, after reaping and before thrashing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In one night, ere glimpse of morn,<BR>
His shadowy flail had thrashed the <i>corn</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small, hard particle; a grain.</def>
"<i>Corn</i> of sand." <i>Bp. Hall.</i> "A <i>corn</i> of
powder." <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Corn ball</b></col>, <cd>a ball of popped corn stuck
together with soft candy from molasses or sugar.</cd> --
<col><b>Corn bread</b></col>, <cd>bread made of Indian meal.</cd>
-- <col><b>Corn cake</b></col>, <cd>a kind of corn bread; johnny
cake; hoecake.</cd> -- <col><b>Corn cockle</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a weed (<i>Agrostemma or Lychnis Githago</i>),
having bright flowers, common in grain fields.</cd> --
<col><b>Corn flag</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the
genus <i>Gladiolus</i>; -- called also <i>sword lily</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Corn fly</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small fly which, in the larval state,
is injurious to grain, living in the stalk, and causing the
disease called "gout," on account of the swelled joints. The
common European species is <i>Chlorops t&aelig;niopus</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A small fly (<i>Anthomyia ze</i>) whose
larva or maggot destroys seed corn after it has been
planted.</cd> -- <col><b>Corn fritter</b></col>, <cd>a fritter
having green Indian corn mixed through its batter.</cd> [U. S.] -
- <col><b>Corn laws</b></col>, <cd>laws regulating trade in corn,
especially those in force in Great Britain till 1846, prohibiting
the importation of foreign grain for home consumption, except
when the price rose above a certain rate.</cd> -- <col><b>Corn
marigold</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Marigold</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Corn oyster</b></col>, <cd>a
fritter containing grated green Indian corn and butter, the
combined taste resembling that of oysters.</cd> [U.S.] --
<col><b>Corn parsley</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the
parsley genus (<i>Petroselinum segetum</i>), a weed in parts of
Europe and Asia.</cd> -- <col><b>Corn popper</b></col>, <cd>a
utensil used in popping corn.</cd> -- <col><b>Corn
poppy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the red poppy (<i>Papaver
Rh&oelig;as</i>), common in European cornfields; -- also called
<i>corn rose</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Corn rent</b></col>, <cd>rent
paid in corn.</cd> -- <col><b>Corn rose</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Corn poppy</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Corn salad</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to several species of
<i>Valerianella</i>, annual herbs sometimes used for salad. <i>V.
olitoria</i> is also called <i>lamb's lettuce</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Corn stone</b></col>, <cd>red limestone.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.] -- <col><b>Corn violet</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
species of <i>Campanula</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Corn
weevil</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
small weevil which causes great injury to grain.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In America, a weevil (<i>Sphenophorus
ze&aelig;</i>) which attacks the stalk of maize near the root,
often doing great damage. See <i>Grain weevil</i>, under
<u>Weevil</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Corn</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Corned</u> (k?rnd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Corning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To preserve
and season with salt in grains; to sprinkle with salt; to cure by
salting; now, specifically, to salt slightly in brine or
otherwise; as, to <i>corn</i> beef; to <i>corn</i> a
tongue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form into small grains; to
granulate; as, to <i>corn</i> gunpowder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To feed with corn or (in Sctland)
oats; as, to <i>corn</i> horses.</def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To render intoxicated; as, ale strong
enough to <i>corn</i> one.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Corning house</b></col>, <cd>a house or place where
powder is corned or granulated.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor"nage</hw> (k?r"n?j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.,, horn-
blowing, tax on horned cattle, fr. F.  <i>corne</i> a horn, L.
<i>cornu</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>An ancient tenure of land, which
obliged the tenant to give notice of an invasion by blowing a
horn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"na*mute</hw> (k?r"n?-m?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cornemuse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Corn"bind`</hw> (k?rn"b?nd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A weed that binds stalks of corn, as
<i>Convolvulus arvensis</i>, <i>Polygonum Convolvulus</i>.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Corn"cob`</hw> (k?rn"k?b`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
cob or axis on which the kernels of Indian corn grow.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Corn"crake`</hw> (-kr?k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird (<i>Crex crex</i> or <i>C.
pratensis</i>) which frequents grain fields; the European crake
or land rail; -- called also <i>corn bird</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corn"crib`</hw> (k?rn"kr?b`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
crib for storing corn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corn"cut`ter</hw> (-k?t`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A machine for cutting up stalks of corn
for food of cattle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An implement consisting of a long
blade, attached to a handle at nearly a right angle, used for
cutting down the stalks of Indian corn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corn"dodg`er</hw> (-d?j`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cake made of the meal of Indian corn, wrapped in a covering of
husks or paper, and baked under the embers.</def> [U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ne*a</hw> (k?r"n?-?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Corneas</b></plw> (-&?;z). [Fem. sing., fr. L.
<i>corneus</i> horny, fr. <i>cornu</i> a horn. See <u>Horn</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The transparent part of the coat of the
eyeball which covers the iris and pupil and admits light to the
interior. See <u>Eye</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ne*al</hw> (-<i>al</i>), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the cornea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"nel</hw> (-n?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>cornille</i>, <i>cornoille</i>, F.  <i>cornouille</i>, cornel
berry, LL.  <i>cornolium</i> cornel tree, fr. L.  <i>cornus</i>,
fr.  <i>cornu</i> horn, in allusion to the hardness of the wood.
See <u>Horn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
cornelian cherry (<i>Cornus Mas</i>), a European shrub with
clusters of small, greenish flowers, followed by very acid but
edible drupes resembling cherries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any species of the genus
<i>Cornus</i>, as <i>C. florida</i>, the flowering cornel; <i>C.
stolonifera</i>, the osier cornel; <i>C. Canadensis</i>, the
dwarf cornel, or bunchberry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*nel"ian</hw> (k?r-n?ly<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.  <i>cornaline</i>, OF.  <i>corneline</i>, fr. L. <i>cornu</i>
horn. So called from its horny appearance when broken. See
<u>Horn</u>, and cf. <u>Carnelian</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Carnelian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corne"muse</hw> (k?rn"m?z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A wind instrument nearly identical with the bagpipe.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ne*o*cal*ca"re*ous</hw> (k?rn?-?-k?l-k?"r?-?s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Formed of a
mixture of horny and calcareous materials, as some shells and
corals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Horny on one side and calcareous on
the other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ne*ous</hw> (-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corneus</i>, fr.  <i>cornu</i> horn.] <def>Of a texture
resembling horn; horny; hard.</def>  <i> Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ner</hw> (k?r"n?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>corniere</i>, <i>cornier</i>, LL.  <i>cornerium</i>,
<i>corneria</i>, fr. L.  <i>cornu</i> horn, end, point. See
<u>Horn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The point where two
converging lines meet; an angle, either external or
internal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The space in the angle between
converging lines or walls which meet in a point; as, the chimney
<i>corner</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An edge or extremity; the part
farthest from the center; hence, any quarter or part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the four <i>corners</i> of the earth they
come.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A secret or secluded place; a remote
or out of the way place; a nook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This thing was not done in a <i>corner</i>.<BR>
<i>Acts xxvi. 26.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Direction; quarter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sits the wind in that <i>corner</i>!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The state of things produced by a
combination of persons, who buy up the whole or the available
part of any stock or species of property, which compels those who
need such stock or property to buy of them at their own price;
as, a <i>corner</i> in a railway stock.</def> [Broker's Cant]</p>

<p><col><b>Corner stone</b></col>, <cd>the stone which lies at
the corner of two walls, and unites them; the principal stone;
especially, the stone which forms the corner of the foundation of
an edifice; hence, that which is fundamental importance or
indispensable.</cd> "A prince who regarded uniformity of faith as
the <i>corner stone</i> of his government." <i>Prescott.</i> --
<col><b>Corner tooth</b></col>, <cd>one of the four teeth which
come in a horse's mouth at the age of four years and a half, one
on each side of the upper and of the lower jaw, between the
middle teeth and the tushes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ner</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cornered</u> (-n?rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cornering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive
into a corner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive into a position of great
difficulty or hopeless embarrassment; as, to <i>corner</i> a
person in argument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To get command of (a stock, commodity,
etc.), so as to be able to put one's own price on it; as, to
<i>corner</i> the shares of a railroad stock; to <i>corner</i>
petroleum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ner*cap`</hw> (-k?p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
chief ornament.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou makest the triumviry the <i>cornercap</i> of
society.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor"nered</hw> (-n?rd), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>1
Having corners or angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a possition of great difficulty;
brought to bay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ner*wise`</hw> (-w?z`), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>With the corner in front; diagonally; not square.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"net</hw> (k?r"n?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cornet</i>, m. (for senses 1 &amp; 2), <i>cornette</i>, f. &amp; m.
(for senses 3 &amp; 4), dim. of <i>corne horn</i>, L.  <i>cornu</i>.
See <u>Horn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An obsolete rude reed instrument (Ger.
<i>Zinken</i>), of the oboe family.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A brass instrument, with cupped mouthpiece, and furnished
with valves or pistons, now used in bands, and, in place of the
trumpet, in orchestras. See <u>Cornet-&agrave;-piston</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A certain organ stop or
register.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cap of paper twisted at the end,
used by retailers to inclose small wares.</def>
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
troop of cavalry; -- so called from its being accompanied by a
cornet player.</def> [Obs.] "A body of five <i>cornets</i> of
horse." <i>Clarendon.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The standard
of such a troop.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The lowest
grade of commissioned officer in a British cavalry troop, who
carried the standard. The office was abolished in 1871.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A headdress</def>: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A square cap anciently worn as a mark of certain
professions.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A part of a woman's
headdress, in the 16th century.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Cf.  <u>Coronet</u>.] <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>See <u>Coronet</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cor"net-&agrave;-pis`ton</hw> (k?r"n?t-?-p?s"t?n; F.
k?r`n?`?p?s`<u>t?n</u>"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cornets-&agrave;-piston</b></plw>. [F.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A brass wind instrument, like the trumpet, furnished with
valves moved by small pistons or sliding rods; a cornopean; a
cornet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"net*cy</hw> (k?r"n?t-s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The commission or rank of a cornet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"net*er</hw> (k?r"n?t-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who blows a cornet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"neule</hw> (k?r"n?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim.
of <i>corn&eacute;e</i> the cornea.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of the corneas of a compound eye in the invertebrates.</def>
<i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Corn"field`</hw> (k?rn"f?ld`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
field where corn is or has been growing; -- in England, a field
of wheat, rye, barley, or oats; in America, a field of Indian
corn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corn"floor`</hw> (-fl?r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
thrashing floor.</def>  <i>Hos. ix. 1.</i></p>

<p><hw>Corn"flow`er</hw> (-flou`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A conspicuous wild flower (<i>Centaurea
Cyanus</i>), growing in grainfields.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"nic</hw> (k?r"n?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, the dogwood
(<i>Cornus florida</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"nice</hw> (k?r"n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>corniche</i>, It. <i>cornice</i>, LL. <i>coronix</i>,
<i>cornix</i>, fr. L.  <i>coronis</i> a curved line, a flourish
with the pen at the end of a book or chapter, Gr. &?;&?;&?;; akin
to L.  <i>corona</i> crown. sEE <u>Crown</u>, and cf.
<u>Coronis</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Any horizontal, molded or
otherwise decorated projection which crowns or finishes the part
to which it is affixed; as, the <i>cornice</i> of an order,
pedestal, door, window, or house.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cornice ring</b></col>, <cd>the ring on a cannon next
behind the muzzle ring.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor"niced</hw> (k?r"n?st), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a cornice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ni*cle</hw> (k?r"n?-k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corniculum</i>, dim. of <i>cornu</i> horn.] <def>A little
horn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*nic"u*lar</hw> (-l?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cornicularius</i>.] <def>A secretary or clerk.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*nic"u*late</hw> (k?r-n?k"?-l?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>corniculatus</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Horned; having horns.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having processes
resembling small horns.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cor*nic"u*lum</hw> (k?r-n?k"?-l?m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>  <plw><b>Cornicula</b></plw> (-
l&?;). [L.  <i>corniculum</i> little horn.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
small hornlike part or process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*nif"er*ous</hw> (k?r-n?f"?r-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>cornu</i> horn + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the lowest period of the Devonian age. (See the
Diagram, under <u>Geology</u>.) The <i>Corniferous period</i> has
been so called from the numerous seams of <i>hornstone</i> which
characterize the later part of the period, as developed in the
State of New York.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*nif"ic</hw> (k?r-n?f"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cornu</i> horn +  <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Producing
horns; forming horn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (k?r`n?-f?-k?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Conversion into, or formation of, horn;
a becoming like horn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ni*fied</hw> (k?r"n?-f?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cornu</i> horn +  <i>-fy</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Converted
into horn; horny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ni*form</hw> (-f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cornu</i> horn +  <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the shape of a
horn; horn-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*nig"er*ous</hw> (k?r-n?j"?r-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>corniger</i>; <i>cornu</i> horn +  <i>gerere</i> to
bear.] <def>Horned; having horns; as, <i>cornigerous</i>
animals.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"nin</hw> (k?r"n?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bitter principle
obtained from dogwood (<i>Cornus florida</i>), as a white
crystalline substance; -- called also <i>cornic acid</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An extract from dogwood used as a
febrifuge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ni*plume</hw> (k?r"n?-pl?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cornu</i> horn +  <i>pluma</i> feather.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A hornlike tuft of feathers on the head of some
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"nish</hw> (k?r"n?sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Cornwall, in England.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cornish chough</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Chough</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Cornish engine</b></col>, <cd>a single-acting pumping
engine, used in mines, in Cornwall and elsewhere, and for water
works. A heavy pump rod or plunger, raised by the steam, forces
up the water by its weight, in descending.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor"nish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The dialect, or
the people, of Cornwall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"nist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A performer on
the cornet or horn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corn"loft`</hw> (k?rn"l?ft`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
loft for corn; a granary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corn"muse</hw> (-m?z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cornemuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cor"no di bas*set"to</hw> (k?r"n? d? b?s-s?t"t? or b?s-
s?t"t?); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Corni (-n&?;) di basseto</b></plw>.
[It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A tenor clarinet; -- called also
<i>basset horn</i>, and sometimes confounded with the <i>English
horn</i>, which is a tenor oboe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cor"no In*gle"se</hw> (?n-gl?"z?); <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Corni Inglesi</b></plw> (-z&?;). [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A reed instrument, related to the oboe, but deeper in pitch;
the English horn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*no"pe*an</hw> (k?r-n?"p?-<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An obsolete name for the
cornet-&agrave;-piston.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corn"shell`er</hw> (k?rn"sh?l`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A machine that separates the kernels of corn from the
cob.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corn"shuck`</hw> (-sh&ubreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The husk covering an ear of Indian corn.</def> [Colloq.
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Corn"stalk`</hw> (-st&add;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stalk of Indian corn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corn"starch`</hw> (-st&auml;rch`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Starch made from Indian corn, esp. a fine white flour used
for puddings, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cor"nu</hw> (k&ocirc;r"n&usl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cornua</b></plw> (-n&usl;*&adot;). [L.] <def>A
horn, or anything shaped like or resembling a horn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"nu Am*mo"nis</hw> (&abreve;m*m&omacr;"n&ibreve;s);
<i>pl.</i>  <plw><b>||Cornua Ammonis</b></plw>. [L., horn of
Ammon. See <u>Ammonite</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil
shell, curved like a ram's horn; an obsolete name for an
ammonite.</def></p>

<p><! p. 325 !></p>

<p><hw>Cor`nu*co"pi*a</hw>
(k&ocirc;r`n&usl;*k&omacr;"p&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cornucopias</b></plw> (-
&adot;z). [L. <i>cornu copiae</i> horn of plenty. See
<u>Horn</u>, and <u>Copious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
horn of plenty, from which fruits and flowers are represented as
issuing. It is an emblem of abundance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
grasses bearing spikes of flowers resembling the cornucopia in
form.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some writers maintain that this word should be written,
in the singular, <i>cornu copi&aelig;</i>, and in the plural,
<i>cornua copi&aelig;</i>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Cor"nute</hw> (k?r"n?t or k?r-n?t"), <hw>Cor*nut"ed</hw>
(k?r-n?"t?d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.  <i>cornutus</i> horned,
from <i>cornu</i> horn.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bearing horns;
horned; horn-shaped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cuckolded.</def> [R.] "My being
<i>cornuted</i>."  <i>LEstrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*nute"</hw> (k?r-n?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
bestow horns upon; to make a cuckold of; to cuckold.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cor*nu"to</hw> (k?r-n?"t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.,
fr. L.  <i>cornutus</i> horned.] <def>A man that wears the horns;
a cuckold.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*nu"tor</hw> (-t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cuckold maker.</def> [R.]  <i>Jordan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ny</hw> (k?r"n?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cornu</i> horn.] <def>Strong, stiff, or hard, like a horn;
resembling horn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Up stood the <i>cornu</i> reed.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Corn"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Producing corn or grain; furnished with grains of
corn.</def> [R.] "The <i>corny</i> ear."  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing corn; tasting well of
malt.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A draught of moist and <i>corny</i> ale.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tipsy.</def> [Vulgar, Eng.]
<i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*core</hw> (k?r"?-k?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
kind of boat of various forms, used in the Indian
Archipelago.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*dy</hw> (k?r"?-d?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>corrodium</i>, <i>corredium</i>, <i>conredium</i>, furniture,
provision: cf. OF.  <i>conroi</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Curry</u>.]
<i>(Old Law)</i> <def>An allowance of meat, drink, or clothing
due from an abbey or other religious house for the sustenance of
such of the king's servants as he may designate to receive
it.</def> [Written also <i>corrody</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor"ol</hw> (k?r"?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*rol"la</hw> (k?-r?l"l?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corolla</i> a little crown or garland, dim. of <i>corona</i>.
See <u>Crown</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The inner envelope of a
flower; the part which surrounds the organs of fructification,
consisting of one or more leaves, called <i>petals</i>. It is
usually distinguished from the calyx by the fineness of its
texture and the gayness of its colors. See the Note under
<u>Blossom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`ol*la"ceous</hw> (k?r`?l-l?"sh?s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a
corolla; having the form or texture of a corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ol*la*ry</hw> (k?r"?l-l?-r?; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Corollaries</b></plw> (-
r&?;z). [L.  <i>corollarium</i> gift, corollary, fr.
<i>corolla</i>. See <u>Corolla</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is given beyond what is actually due, as a garland of
flowers in addition to wages; surplus; something added or
superfluous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now come, my Ariel; bring a <i>corollary</i>,<BR>
Rather than want a spirit.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Something which follows from the
demonstration of a proposition; an additional inference or
deduction from a demonstrated proposition; a
consequence.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cor"ol*late</hw> (k?r"?l-l?t), <hw>Cor"ol*la`ted</hw> (-
l?`t?d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a corolla or
corollas; like a corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ol*let</hw> (k?r"?l-l?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [Dim.
fr.  <i>corolla</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A floret in an aggregate
flower.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Co*rol`li*flo"ral</hw> (k?-r?l`l?-fl?"r<i>a</i>l),
<hw>Co*rol`li*flo"rous</hw> (-fl?"r?s), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Corolla</i> + L.  <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the stamens borne on the petals, and
the latter free from the calyx. Compare <u>Calycifloral</u> and
<u>Thalamifloral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ol*line</hw> (-l?n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`o*man"del</hw> (k?r`?-m?n"d<i>e</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The west coast, or a
portion of the west coast, of the Bay of Bengal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coromandel gooseberry</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Carambola</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Coromandel wood</b></col>,
<cd>Calamander wood.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Co*ro"na</hw> (k?-r?"n?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
L.  <plw><b>Coron&aelig;</b></plw> (-n&?;), E.
<plw><b>Coronas</b></plw> (-n&?;z). [L. <i>corona</i> crown. See
<u>Crown</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crown or garland
bestowed among the Romans as a reward for distinguished
services.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The projecting part of
a Classic cornice, the under side of which is cut with a recess
or channel so as to form a drip. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Column</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The upper surface of
some part, as of a tooth or the skull; a crown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The shelly
skeleton of a sea urchin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>A peculiar luminous
appearance, or aureola, which surrounds the sun, and which is
seen only when the sun is totally eclipsed by the moon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
inner appendage to a petal or a corolla, often forming a special
cup, as in the daffodil and jonquil.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any crownlike appendage at the top of an organ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Meteorol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A circle, usually colored, seen in peculiar states of the
atmosphere around and close to a luminous body, as the sun or
moon.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A peculiar phase of the
<i>aurora borealis</i>, formed by the concentration or
convergence of luminous beams around the point in the heavens
indicated by the direction of the dipping needle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A crown or circlet suspended from the
roof or vaulting of churches, to hold tapers lighted on solemn
occasions. It is sometimes formed of double or triple circlets,
arranged pyramidically. Called also <i>corona lucis</i>.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A character [&pause;]
called the <i>pause</i> or <i>hold</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*nach</hw> (k?r"?-n?k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Coranach</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*nal</hw> (k?r"?-n<i>a</i>l or, <i>esp. in
science</i>, k?-r?"n<i>a</i>l; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coronalis</i>: cf. F.  <i>coronal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a corona (in any of the
senses).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>coronal</i> light during the eclipse is
faint.<BR>
<i>Abney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a king's crown, or
coronation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law and his <i>coronal</i> oath require his
undeniable assent to what laws the Parliament agree upon.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the top of the
head or skull.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the shell of a sea urchin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coronal suture</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a suture
extending across the skull between the parietal and frontal
bones; the <i>fronto-parietal</i> suture.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A crown; wreath; garland.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The frontal bone, over which the
ancients wore their coron&aelig; or garlands.</def>
<i>Hooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor`o*na"men</hw> (k?r`-n?"m?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
a crowning.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The upper margin of a hoof;
a coronet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*na*ry</hw> (k?r"?-n?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coronarius</i>: cf. F. <i>coronaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a crown; forming, or adapted to form, a
crown or garland.</def> "<i>Coronary</i> thorns."  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The catalogue of <i>coronary</i> plants is not
large in Theophrastus.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling, or situated
like, a crown or circlet; as, the <i>coronary</i> arteries and
veins of the heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small bone
in the foot of a horse.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cor"o*nate</hw> (k?r"?-n?t), <hw>Cor"o*na`ted</hw> (-
n?`t?ed), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>coronatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>coronare</i> to crown, fr. <i>corona</i>. See <u>Crown</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having or wearing a crown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Having the coronal feathers lengthened or otherwise
distinguished; -- said of birds.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Girt about the spire with a row of tubercles or spines; --
said of spiral shells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having a crest or a
crownlike appendage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`o*na"tion</hw> (k?r`?-n?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Coronate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or solemnity of crowning a
sovereign; the act of investing a prince with the insignia of
royalty, on his succeeding to the sovereignty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The pomp or assembly at a
coronation.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coro"nel</hw> (k?r"n<i>e</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Colonel</u>.] <def>A colonel.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*nel</hw> (k?r"?-n?l or k?r"n?l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Cronel</u>, <u>Crown</u>.] <i>(Anc.
Armor)</i> <def>The iron head of a tilting spear, divided into
two, three, or four blunt points.</def> [Written also
<i>cronel</i>.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*ner</hw> (k?r"?-n?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From OE.
<i>coronen</i> to crown, OF. <i>coroner</i>, fr. L.
<i>coronare</i>, fr. <i>corona</i> crown. Formed as a translation
of LL. <i>coronator</i> coroner, fr. L. <i>corona</i> crown, the
coroner having been originally a prosecuting officer of the
crown. See <u>Crown</u>.] <def>An officer of the peace whose
principal duty is to inquire, with the help of a jury, into the
cause of any violent, sudden or mysterious death, or death in
prison, usually on sight of the body and at the place where the
death occurred.</def> [In England formerly also written and
pronounced <i>crowner</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; In some of the United States the office of
<i>coroner</i> is abolished, that of <i>medical examiner</i>
taking its place.</p>

<p><col><b>Coroner's inquest</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Inquest</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*net</hw> (k?r"?-n?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
OE. <i>corone</i> crown; cf. OF. <i>coronete</i>. See
<u>Crown</u>, and cf. <u>Crownet</u>, <u>Cronet</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ornamental or honorary headdress,
having the shape and character of a crown; particularly, a crown
worn as the mark of high rank lower than sovereignty. The word is
used by Shakespeare to denote also a kingly crown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without a star, a <i>coronet</i>, or garter.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>coronet</i> of the Prince of Wales consist of a
circlet of gold with four crosses <i>patt&eacute;e</i> around the
edge between as many <i>fleurs-de-lis</i>. The center crosses are
connected by an arch which is surmounted by a globe or cross. The
<i>coronet</i> of a British duke is adorned with strawberry
leaves; that of a marquis has leaves with pearls interposed; that
of an earl raises the pearls above the leaves; that of a viscount
is surrounded with pearls only; that of a baron has only four
pearls.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>The upper part of a
horse's hoof, where the horn terminates in skin.</def>  <i>James
White.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>The iron head of a
tilting spear; a coronel.</def>  <i>Crose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*net*ed</hw> (-n?t-?d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos><def>Wearing, or entitled to wear, a coronet;
of noble birth or rank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ron"i*form</hw> (k?-r?n"?-f?rm or k?-r?"n?-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>corona</i> crown + <i>-form</i>.]
<def>Having the form of a crown or coronet; resembling a
crown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`o*nil"la</hw> (k?r`?-n?l"l?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. L. <i>corona</i> crown: cf. F. <i>coronille</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants related to the clover,
having their flowers arranged in little heads or tufts resembling
coronets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ro"nis</hw> (k?-r?"n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>korwni`s</grk> anything curved. See <u>Cornice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In Greek grammar, a sign ['] sometimes
placed over a contracted syllable.</def>  <i>W. W.
Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The curved line or flourish at the end
of a book or chapter; hence, the end.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*noid</hw> (k&obreve;r"&osl;*noid),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>korw`nh</grk> crow + <i>-oid</i>:
cf. F. <i>corono&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling the
beak of a crow; as, the <i>coronoid</i> process of the jaw, or of
the ulna.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*nule</hw> (k?r"?-n?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coronula</i>, dim. of <i>corona</i> crown.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A coronet or little crown of a seed; the downy tuft on
seeds. See <u>Pappus</u>.</def>  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*roun"</hw> (k?-roun"), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Crown.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Co*ro"zo</hw> <hw>||Co*ros"so</hw>  } (k?-r?"th? or -
s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp. <i>cerozo</i> a kind of palm
tree.] <def>The name in Central America for the seed of a true
palm; also, a commercial name for the true ivory nut. See
<u>Ivory nut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"po*race</hw> (k?r"p?-r?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Corporas</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"po*ral</hw> (k&ocirc;r"p&osl;*r<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. F. <i>caporal</i>, It.
<i>caporale</i>, fr. <i>capo</i> head, chief, L. <i>caput</i>.
See <u>Chief</u>, and cf. <u>Caporal</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
noncommissioned officer, next below a sergeant. In the United
States army he is the lowest noncommissioned officer in a company
of infantry. He places and relieves sentinels.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corporal's guard</b></col>, <cd>a detachment such as
would be in charge of a corporal for guard duty, etc.; hence,
derisively, a very small number of persons.</cd> -- <col><b>Lance
corporal</b></col>, <cd>an assistant corporal on private's
pay.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> -- <col><b>Ship's corporal</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a petty officer who assists the master at
arms in his various duties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor"po*ral</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corporalis</i>, fr. <i>corpus</i> body. See <u>Corpse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging or relating to the body;
bodily.</def> "Past <i>corporal</i> toil."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pillories and other <i>corporal</i>
infections.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Corporal punishment</b></col> <i>(law)</i>,
<cd>punishment applied to the body of the offender, including the
death penalty, whipping, and imprisonment.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a body or substance; not
spiritual; material. In this sense now usually written
<i>corporeal</i>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>corporal</i> heaven . . . .where the stare
are.<BR>
<i>Latimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What seemed <i>corporal</i> melted<BR>
As breath into the wind.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Corporal</u>, <u>Bodily</u>,
<u>Corporeal</u>.  <i>Bodily</i> is opposed to <i>mental</i>; as,
<i>bodily</i> affections. <i>Corporeal</i> refers to the whole
physical structure or nature, of the body; as, <i>corporeal</i>
substance or frame. <i>Corporal</i>, as now used, refers more to
punishment or some infliction; as, <i>corporal</i> punishment. To
speak of <i>corporeal</i> punishment is an error. <i>Bodily</i>
austerities; the <i>corporeal</i> mold.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Cor"po*ral</hw> (k&ocirc;r"p&osl;*r<i>a</i>l),
<hw>||Cor`po*ra"le</hw> (-r?"l?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>corporale</i>: cf. F. <i>corporal</i>. See
<u>Corporal</u>,<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A fine linen cloth, on
which the sacred elements are consecrated in the eucharist, or
with which they are covered; a communion cloth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corporal oath</b></col>, <cd>a solemn oath; -- so
called from the fact that it was the ancient usage for the party
taking it to touch the corporal, or cloth that covered the
consecrated elements.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor`po*ral"i*ty</hw> (k?r`p?-r?l"l?-t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>: <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Corporalities</b></plw>
(-t&?;z). [L.  <i>corporalitas</i>: cf. F. <i>corporalit&?;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being or having a body;
bodily existence; corporeality; -- opposed to
<i>spirituality</i>.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A confraternity; a guild.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"po*ral*ly</hw> (k?r"p?-r<i>a</i>l-ly),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In or with the body; bodily; as, to
be <i>corporally</i> present.</def>  <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"po*ral*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>A corporal's office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"po*ras</hw> (k?r"p?-r?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prop.
pl. of <i>corporal</i>.] <def>The corporal, or communion
cloth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"po*rate</hw> (k?r"p?-r?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corporatus</i>, p. p. of <i>corporare</i> to shape into a
body, fr.  <i>corpus</i> body. See <u>Corpse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formed into a body by legal enactment;
united in an association, and endowed by law with the rights and
liabilities of an individual; incorporated; as, a
<i>corporate</i> town.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to a corporation or
incorporated body.</def> "<i>Corporate</i> property."
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>United; general; collectively
one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They answer in a joint and <i>corporate</i>
voice.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Corporate member</b></col>, <cd>an actual or voting
member of a corporation, as distinguished from an associate or an
honorary member; as, a <i>corporate member</i> of the American
Board.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor"po*rate</hw> (-r?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
incorporate.</def> [Obs.]  <i> Stow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"po*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
incorporated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor"po*rate*ly</hw> (-r?t-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a corporate capacity; acting as a
corporate body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In, or as regarda, the body.</def>
<i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor`po*ra"tion</hw>
(k&ocirc;r`p&osl;*r&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corporatio</i> incarnation: cf. F. <i>corporation</i>
corporation.] <def>A body politic or corporate, formed and
authorized by law to act as a single person, and endowed by law
with the capacity of succession; a society having the capacity of
transacting business as an individual.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Corporations</i> are <i>aggregate</i> or
<i>sole</i>. <i>Corporations aggregate</i> consist of two or more
persons united in a society, which is preserved by a succession
of members, either forever or till the corporation is dissolved
by the power that formed it, by the death of all its members, by
surrender of its charter or franchises, or by forfeiture. Such
corporations are the mayor and aldermen of cities, the head and
fellows of a college, the dean and chapter of a cathedral church,
the stockholders of a bank or insurance company, etc. A
<i>corporation sole</i> consists of a single person, who is made
a body corporate and politic, in order to give him some legal
capacities, and especially that of succession, which as a natural
person he can not have. Kings, bishops, deans, parsons, and
vicars, are in England sole corporations. A fee will not pass to
a corporation sole without the word "successors" in the grant.
There are instances in the United States of a minister of a
parish seized of parsonage lands in the right of his parish,
being a corporation sole, as in Massachusetts.
<i>Corporations</i> are sometimes classified as <i>public</i> and
<i>private</i>; <i>public</i> being convertible with
<i>municipal</i>, and <i>private corporations</i> being all
corporations not municipal.</p>

<p><col><b>Close corporation</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Close</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor"po*ra`tor</hw> (k&ocirc;"p?-r?`t?r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of a corporation, esp. one of
the original members.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"po*ra*ture</hw> (k&ocirc;r"p?-r?-t?r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being embodied; bodily
existence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*po"re*al</hw> (k&ocirc;r*p&omacr;"r&esl;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>corporeus</i>, fr.  <i>corpus</i>
body.] <def>Having a body; consisting of, or pertaining to, a
material body or substance; material; -- opposed to
<i>spiritual</i> or <i>immaterial</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His omnipotence<BR>
That to <i>corporeal</i> substance could add<BR>
Speed almost spiritual.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Corporeal property</b></col>, <cd>such as may be seen
and handled (as opposed to <i>incorporeal</i>, which can not be
seen or handled, and exists only in contemplation).</cd>
<i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Corporal; bodily. See <u>Corporal</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cor*po"re*al*ism</hw> (-?z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Materialism.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><! p. 326 !></p>

<p><hw>Cor*po"re*al*ist</hw>
(k&obreve;r*p&omacr;"r&esl;*<i>a</i>l*&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who denies the reality of spiritual
existences; a materialist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>corporealists</i> pretended . . . to make
a world without a God.<BR>
<i>Bp. Berkeley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor*po`re*al"i*ty</hw> (-?l"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>:
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Corporealities</b></plw> (-t&ibreve;z).
<def>The state of being corporeal; corporeal existence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*po"re*al*ly</hw>
(k&obreve;r*p&omacr;"r&esl;*<i>a</i>l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the body; in a bodily form or
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*po"re*al*ness</hw> (-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Corporeality; corporeity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`po*re"i*ty</hw> (k?r`p?-r?"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL.  <i>corporeitas</i>:  cf. F. <i>corpor&?;it&?;</i>.]
<def>The state of having a body; the state of being corporeal;
materiality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The one attributed <i>corporeity</i> to God.<BR>
<i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who deny light to be matter, do not
therefore deny its <i>corporeity</i>.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor*por"i*fy</hw> (k?r-p?r"?-f?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>corpus</i> body + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>corporifier</i>.]
<def>To embody; to form into a body.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"po*sant</hw> (k?r"p?-z?nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>corpo santo</i> holy body.] <def>St. Elmo's fire. See under
<u>Saint</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corps</hw> (k&omacr;r, <i>pl.</i> k&omacr;rz), <pos><i>n.
sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.  <i>corpus</i> body. See
<u>Corpse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The human body, whether
living or dead.</def> [Obs.] See <u>Corpse</u>, 1.</p>

<p><blockquote>By what craft in my <i>corps</i>, it cometh
[commences] and where.<BR>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body of men; esp., an organized
division of the military establishment; as, the marine
<i>corps</i>; the <i>corps</i> of topographical engineers;
specifically, an army corps.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>corps</i> operating with an army should
consist of three divisions of the line, a brigade of artillery,
and a regiment of cavalry.<BR>
<i>Gen. Upton (U. S. Tactics. )</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A body or code of laws.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The whole <i>corps</i> of the law.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The land with which a
prebend or other ecclesiastical office is endowed.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The prebendaries over and above their reserved
rents have a <i>corps</i>.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Army corps</b></col>, or (French) <col><b>Corps
d'arm&eacute;e</b></col> (k&osl;r` d&auml;r`m&asl;"), <cd>a body
containing two or more divisions of a large army, organized as a
complete army in itself.</cd> -- <col><b>||Corps de
logis</b></col> (k&osl;r` d<i>e</i> l&osl;`zh&esl;") [F., body of
the house], <cd>the principal mass of a building, considered
apart from its wings.</cd> -- <col><b>Corps
diplomatique</b></col> (k&?;r d&?;`pl&?;`m&?;-t&?;k") [F.,
diplomatic body], <cd>the body of ministers or envoys accredited
to a government.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Corpse</hw> (k&ocirc;rps), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>cors</i> (sometimes written <i>corps</i>), F.  <i>corps</i>,
L.  <i>corpus</i>; akin to AS.  <i>hrif</i> womb. See
<u>Midriff</u>, and cf. <u>Corse</u>, <u>Corselet</u>,
<u>Corps</u>, <u>Cuerpo</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A human
body in general, whether living or dead; -- sometimes
contemptuously.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; Formerly written (after the French form) <i>corps</i>.
See <u>Corps</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dead body of a human being; --
used also Fig.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He touched the dead <i>corpse</i> of Public
Credit, and it sprung upon its feet.<BR>
<i>D. Webster.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Corpse candle</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
thick candle formerly used at a lich wake, or the customary
watching with a corpse on the night before its interment.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A luminous appearance, resembling the flame
of a candle, sometimes seen in churchyards and other damp places,
superstitiously regarded as portending death.</cd> --
<col><b>Corpse gate</b></col>, <cd>the gate of a burial place
through which the dead are carried, often having a covered porch;
-- called also <i>lich gate</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cor"pu*lence</hw> (k?r"p?-l<i>e</i>ns),
<hw>Cor"pu*len*cy</hw> (k?r"p?-l<i>e</i>n-s?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>corpulentia</i>: cf. F.
<i>corpulence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Excessive fatness; fleshiness;
obesity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Thickness; density; compactness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The heaviness and <i>corpulency</i> of water
requiring a great force to divide it.<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor"pu*lent</hw> (-p?-l<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>corpulentus</i>, fr. <i>corpus</i>: cf. F.
<i>corpulent</i>. See <u>Corpse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Very fat; obese.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Solid; gross; opaque.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stout; fleshy; bulky; obese. See
<u>Stout</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cor"pu*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
corpulent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cor"pus</hw> (-p&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Corpora</b></plw> (-p&osl;*r&adot;). [L.]
<def>A body, living or dead; the corporeal substance of a
thing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corpus callosum</b></col>
(k&abreve;l*l&omacr;"s&ubreve;m); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Corpora
callosa</b></plw> (-s&?;) [NL., callous body] <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>the great band of commissural fibers uniting the cerebral
hemispheres. See <u>Brain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Corpus
Christi</b></col> (kr&ibreve;s"t&imacr;) [L., body of Christ]
<i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>a festival in honor of the eucharist,
observed on the Thursday after Trinity Sunday.</cd> --
<col><b>Corpus Christi cloth</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Pyx
cloth</i>, under <u>Pyx</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Corpus
delicti</b></col> (d&esl;*l&ibreve;k"t&imacr;) [L., the body of
the crime] <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the substantial and fundamental fact
of the comission of a crime; the proofs essential to establish a
crime.</cd> -- <col><b>Corpus luteum</b></col>
(l&umacr;"t&esl;*&ubreve;m); <i>pl.</i>  <plw><b>Corpora
lutea</b></plw> (-&adot;). [NL., luteous body] <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>the reddish yellow mass which fills a ruptured Graafian
follicle in the mammalian ovary.</cd> -- <col><b>Corpus
striatum</b></col> (str&isl;*&amacr;"t&ubreve;m); <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Corpora striata</b></plw> (-t&adot;). [NL., striate body]
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a ridge in the wall of each lateral ventricle
of the brain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor"pus*cle</hw> (-p&ubreve;s*s'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>corpusculum</i>, dim. of <i>corpus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A minute particle; an atom; a
molecule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A protoplasmic animal
cell; esp., such as float free, like blood, lymph, and pus
<i>corpuscles</i>; or such as are imbedded in an intercellular
matrix, like connective tissue and cartilage <i>corpuscles</i>.
See <u>Blood</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Virchow showed that the <i>corpuscles</i> of bone
are homologous with those of connective tissue.<BR>
<i>Quain's Anat.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Red blood corpuscles</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>,
<cd>in man, yellowish, biconcave, circular discs varying from
<fract>1/3500</fract> to <fract>1/3200</fract> of an inch in
diameter and about <fract>1/12400</fract> of an inch thick. They
are composed of a colorless stroma filled in with semifluid
h&aelig;moglobin and other matters. In most mammals the red
corpuscles are circular, but in the camels, birds, reptiles, and
the lower vertebrates generally, they are oval, and sometimes
more or less spherical in form. In Amphioxus, and most
invertebrates, the blood corpuscles are all white or
colorless.</cd> -- <col><b>White blood corpuscles</b></col>
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>rounded, slightly flattened, nucleated
cells, mainly protoplasmic in composition, and possessed of
contractile power. In man, the average size is about
<fract>1/2500</fract> of an inch, and they are present in blood
in much smaller numbers than the red corpuscles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor*pus"cu*lar</hw> (k?r-p?s"k?-l?r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>corpusculaire</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or composed
of, corpuscles, or small particles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corpuscular philosophy</b></col>, <cd>that which
attempts to account for the phenomena of nature, by the motion,
figure, rest, position, etc., of the minute particles of
matter.</cd> -- <col><b>Corpuscular theory</b></col>
<i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the theory enunciated by Sir Isaac Newton,
that light consists in the emission and rapid progression of
minute particles or corpuscles. The theory is now generally
rejected, and supplanted by the <i>undulatory
theory</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor*pus`cu*la"ri*an</hw> (-l?"r?-a]/>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Corpuscular.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor*pus`cu*la"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
adherent of the corpuscular philosophy.</def>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*pus"cule</hw> (k?r-p?s"k?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A corpuscle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor*pus"cu*lous</hw> (-k?-l?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Corpuscular.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rade"</hw> (k?r-r?d"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corradere</i>, <i>-rasum</i>; <i>cor-</i> + <i> radere</i> to
rub.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To gnaw into; to wear away; to
fret; to consume.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. R. Clerke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>To erode, as the bed of
a stream. See <u>Corrosion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ra"di*al</hw> (k?r-r?"d?-a]/>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Radiating to or from the same point.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ra"di*ate</hw> (k?r-r?"d?-?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To converge to one point or focus, as light or
rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ra`di*a"tion</hw> (k?r-r?`d?-?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A conjunction or concentration of rays
in one point.</def>  <i>Bacom</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ral"</hw> (k?r-r?l"; Sp. k?r-r?l"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., a yard, a yard for cattle, fr.
<i>corro</i> a circle or ring, fr. L.  <i>currere</i> to run. Cf.
<u>Kraal</u>.] <def>A pen for animals; esp., an inclosure made
with wagons, by emigrants in the vicinity of hostile Indians, as
a place of security for horses, cattle, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ral"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Corraled</u> (-r?ld" or -r?ld"); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Corralling</u>.] <def>To surround and
inclose; to coop up; to put into an inclosed space; -- primarily
used with reference to securing horses and cattle in an inclosure
of wagons while traversing the plains, but in the Southwestern
United States now colloquially applied to the capturing,
securing, or penning of anything.</def>  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ra"sion</hw> (k?r-r?"zh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Corrade</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The erosion of the bed of a
stream by running water, principally by attrition of the detritus
carried along by the stream, but also by the solvent action of
the water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ra"sive</hw> (-s?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Corrosive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Corrasive</i> sores which eat into the
flesh.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rect"</hw> (k&ocirc;r*r&ebreve;kt"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>correctus</i>, p. p. of
<i>corrigere</i> to make straight, to correct; <i>cor-</i> +
<i>regere</i> to lead straight: cf. F. <i>correct</i>. See
<u>Regular</u>, <u>Right</u>, and cf. <u>Escort</u>.] <def>Set
right, or made straight; hence, conformable to truth, rectitude,
or propriety, or to a just standard; not faulty or imperfect;
free from error; as, <i>correct</i> behavior; <i>correct</i>
views.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Always use the most <i>correct</i> editions.<BR>
<i>Felton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Accurate; right, exact; precise; regular;
faultless. See <u>Accurate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cor*rect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Corrected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Correcting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make right; to
bring to the standard of truth, justice, or propriety; to
rectify; as, to <i>correct</i> manners or principles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is a defect in the first make of some men's
minds which can scarce ever be <i>corrected</i> afterwards.<BR>
<i>T. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove or retrench the faults or
errors of; to amend; to set right; as, to <i>correct</i> the
proof (that is, to mark upon the margin the changes to be made,
or to make in the type the changes so marked).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring back, or attempt to bring
back, to propriety in morals; to reprove or punish for faults or
deviations from moral rectitude; to chastise; to discipline; as,
a child should be <i>corrected</i> for lying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My accuser is my 'prentice; and when I did
<i>correct</i> him for his fault the other day, he did vow upon
his knees he would be even with me.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To counteract the qualities of one
thing by those of another; -- said of whatever is wrong or
injurious; as, to <i>correct</i> the acidity of the stomach by
alkaline preparations.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To amend; rectify; emend; reform; improve;
chastise; punish; discipline; chasten. See <u>Amend</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Cor*rect"i*ble</hw> (-r?k"t?-b'l),
<hw>Cor*rect"a*ble</hw> (-r?k"t?-b'l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being corrected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rect"i*fy</hw> (k?r-r?k"t?-f?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To correct.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When your worship's plassed to <i>correctify</i> a
lady.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rec"tion</hw> (k?r-r?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>correctio</i>: cf. F. <i>correction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of correcting, or making that right which was wrong;
change for the better; amendment; rectification, as of an
erroneous statement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The due <i>correction</i> of swearing, rioting,
neglect of God's word, and other scandalouss vices.<BR>
<i>Strype.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of reproving or punishing, or
that which is intended to rectify or to cure faults; punishment;
discipline; chastisement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Correction</i> and instruction must both
work<BR>
Ere this rude beast will profit.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is substituted in the place
of what is wrong; an emendation; as, the <i>corrections</i> on a
proof sheet should be set in the margin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Abatement of noxious qualities; the
counteraction of what is inconvenient or hurtful in its effects;
as, the <i>correction</i> of acidity in the stomach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An allowance made for inaccuracy in an
instrument; as, chronometer <i>correction</i>; compass
<i>correction</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Correction line</b></col> <i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>a
parallel used as a new base line in laying out township in the
government lands of the United States. The adoption at certain
intervals of a <i>correction line</i> is necessitated by the
convergence of of meridians, and the statute requirement that the
townships must be squares.</cd> -- <col><b>House of
correction</b></col>, <cd>a house where disorderly persons are
confined; a bridewell.</cd> -- <col><b>Under
correction</b></col>, <cd>subject to correction; admitting the
possibility of error.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rec"tion*al</hw> (k?r-r?k"sh?n-a]/>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>correctionnel</i>.] <def>Tending
to, or intended for, correction; used for correction; as, a
<i>correctional</i> institution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rec"tion*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who is, or who has been, in the house of correction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rect"ive</hw> (k?rr-r?k"t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>correctif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the power to correct; tending
to rectify; as, <i>corrective</i> penalties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mulberries are pectoral, <i>corrective</i> of
billious alkali.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Qualifying; limiting.</def> "The
Psalmist interposeth . . . this <i>corrective</i> particle."
<i>Holdsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rect"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which has the power of correcting, altering, or
counteracting what is wrong or injurious; as, alkalies are
<i>correctives</i> of acids; penalties are <i>correctives</i> of
immoral conduct.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Limitation; restriction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rect"ly</hw> (k?r-r?kt"l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a correct manner; exactly; acurately; without fault or
error.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rect"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being correct; as, the <i>correctness</i> of opinions
or of manners; <i>correctness</i> of taste; <i>correctness</i> in
writing or speaking; the <i>correctness</i> of a text or
copy.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Accuracy; exactness; precision; propriety.</p>

<p><hw>Cor*rect"or</hw> (k?r-r?kt"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>One who, or that which, corrects; as, a <i>corrector</i> of
abuses; a <i>corrector</i> of the press; an alkali is a
<i>corrector</i> of acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rect"o*ry</hw> (-?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing or making correction; corrective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rect"ress</hw> (-r?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
woman who corrects.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cor*reg"i*dor</hw> (k?r-r?j"?-d?r; Sp. k?r-r?`h?-d?r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., orig., a corrector.] <def>The chief
magistrate of a Spanish town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"rei</hw> (k?r"r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot., perh.
fr. Celt.  <i>cor</i> a corner.] <def>A hollow in the side of a
hill, where game usually lies.</def> "Fleet foot on the
<i>correi</i>."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*lat"a*ble</hw> (k3r`r?-l?t"?-b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as can be correlated; as,
<i>correlatable</i> phenomena.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*late"</hw> (k&obreve;r`r&esl;*l&amacr;t" or
k&obreve;r"r&esl;*l&amacr;t`), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Correlated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Correlating</u>.] [Pref. <i>cor-</i> +
<i>relate</i>.] <def>To have reciprocal or mutual relations; to
be mutually related.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Doctrine and worship <i>correlate</i> as theory
and practice.<BR>
<i>Tylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*late"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put in
relation with each other; to connect together by the disclosure
of a mutual relation; as, to <i>correlate</i> natural
phenomena.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"re*late</hw> (k?r"r?-l?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, stands in a reciprocal relation to
something else, as father to son; a correlative.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*la"tion</hw> (-l?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>correlatio</i>; L. <i>cor-</i> + <i>relatio</i>: cf. F.
<i>corr&eacute;lation</i>. Cf. <u>Correlation</u>.]
<def>Reciprocal relation; corresponding similarity or parallelism
of relation or law; capacity of being converted into, or of
giving place to, one another, under certain conditions; as, the
<i>correlation</i> of forces, or of zymotic diseases.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Correlation of energy</b></col>, <cd>the relation to
one another of different forms of energy; -- usually having some
reference to the principle of conservation of energy.  See
<i>Conservation of energy</i>, under <u>Conservation</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Correlation of forces</b></col>, <cd>the relation between
the forces which matter, endowed with various forms of energy,
may exert.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rel"a*tive</hw> (k?r-r?l"?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F.  <i>corr&eacute;latif</i>.] <def>Having or indicating a
reciprocal relation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Father and son, prince and subject, stranger and
citizen, are <i>correlative</i> terms.<BR>
<i>Hume.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rel"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, stands in a
reciprocal relation, or is correlated, to some other person or
thing.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Spiritual things and spiritual men are
<i>correlatives</i>.<BR>
<i>Spelman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The antecedent of a
pronoun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rel"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
correlative relation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rel"a*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Quality of being correlative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*li"gion*ist</hw> (k?r`r?-l?j"?n-?st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A co-religion&?;ist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rep"tion</hw> (k?r-r?p"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>correptio</i>, <i>fr</i>.  <i>corripere</i> to seize.]
<def>Chiding; reproof; reproach.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Angry, passionate <i>correption</i> being rather
apt to provoke, than to amend.<BR>
<i>Hammond.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*spond"</hw> (k?r`r?-sp?nd"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Corresponded</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Corresponding</u>.] [Pref.
<i>cor-</i> + <i>respond</i>: cf. f. <i>correspondre</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be like something else in the
dimensions and arrangement of its parts; -- followed by
<i>with</i> or <i>to</i>; as, concurring figures
<i>correspond</i> with each other throughout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>None of them [the forms of Sidney's sonnets]
<i>correspond</i> to the Shakespearean type.<BR>
<i>J. A. Symonds.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be adapted; to be congruous; to
suit; to agree; to fit; to answer; -- followed by
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Words being but empty sounds, any farther than
they are signs of our ideas, we can not but assent to them as
they <i>correspond</i> to those ideas we have, but no
farther.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have intercourse or communion;
especially, to hold intercourse or to communicate by sending and
receiving letters; -- followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After having been long in indirect communication
with the exiled family, he [Atterbury] began to <i>correspond</i>
directly with the Pretender.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To agree; fit; answer; suit; write;
address.</p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*spond"ence</hw> (-sp?nd"<i>e</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.  <i>correspondance</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Friendly intercourse; reciprocal exchange
of civilities; especially, intercourse between persons by means
of letters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Holding also good <i>correspondence</i> with the
other great men in the state.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To facilitate <i>correspondence</i> between one
part of London and another, was not originally one of the objects
of the post office.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 327 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The letters which pass between
correspondents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mutual adaptation, relation, or
agreement, of one thing to another; agreement; congruity;
fitness; relation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*spond"en*cy</hw> (k$r`r?--sp?nd"<i>e</i>n-s?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Correspondencies</b></plw> (-s&?;z). <def>Same as
<u>Correspondence</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>correspondencies</i> of types and antitypes
. . . may be very reasonable confirmations.<BR>
<i>S. Clarke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*spond"ent</hw> (-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F.  <i>correspondant</i>.] <def>Suitable; adapted; fit;
corresponding; congruous; conformable; in accord or agreement;
obedient; willing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Action <i>correspondent</i> or repugnant unto the
law.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As fast the <i>correspondent</i> passions
rise.<BR>
<i>Thomson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I will be <i>correspondent</i> to command.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*spond"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One with whom intercourse is carried on
by letter.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who communicates information,
etc., by letter or telegram to a newspaper or
periodical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>One who carries on
commercial intercourse by letter or telegram with a person or
firm at a distance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*spond"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
a corresponding manner; conformably; suitably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*spond"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Answering; conformable; agreeing;
suiting; as, <i>corresponding</i> numbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Carrying on intercourse by
letters.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corresponding member of a society</b></col>, <cd>one
residing at a distance, who has been invited to correspond with
the society, and aid in carrying out its designs without taking
part in its management.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*spond"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
corresponding manner; conformably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`re*spon"sive</hw> (-r?-sp?n"s?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Corresponding; conformable; adapted.</def> <i>Shak.</i> --
<wf>Cor`re*spon"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ri*dor</hw> (k?r"r?-d?r or -d?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., fr. Itt. <i>corridpore</i>, or Sp.  <i>corredor</i>; prop.,
a runner, hence, a running or long line, a gallery, fr. L.
<i>currere</i> to run. See <u>Course</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A gallery or passageway
leading to several apartments of a house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The covered way lying
round the whole compass of the fortifications of a place.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor"rie</hw> (k?r"r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Correi</u>.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Geikie.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cor`ri*gen"dum</hw> (k?r`r?-j?n"d?m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Corrigenda</b></plw> (-
d&?;). [L.] <def>A fault <i>or</i> error to be
corrected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ri*gent</hw> (k?r"r?--j<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>corrigens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>corrigere</i> to correct.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A substance
added to a medicine to mollify or modify its action.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor`ri*gi*bil"i*ty</hw> (-j?-b?l"?-t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being corrigible; capability
of being corrected; corrigibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ri*gi*ble</hw> (k?r"r?-j?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>corribilis</i>, fr. L.  <i>corrigere</i> to correct: cf.
F. <i>corrigible</i>. See <u>Correrct</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being set right, amended,
or reformed; as, a <i>corrigible</i> fault.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Submissive to correction;
docile.</def> "Bending down his <i>corrigible</i> neck."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Deserving chastisement;
punishable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was taken up very short, and adjudged
<i>corrigible</i> for such presumptuous language.<BR>
<i>Howell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having power to correct;
corrective.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . .<i>corrigible</i> authority of this
lies in our wills.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ri*gi*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being corrigible; corrigibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ri"val</hw> (k?r-r?"v<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A fellow rival; a competitor; a rival; also, a
companion.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ri"val</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having rivaling
claims; emulous; in rivalry.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Fleetwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ri"val</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To
compete with; to rival.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor*ri"val*ry</hw> (k?r-r?"v<i>a</i>l-r?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Corivalry.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor*ri"val*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Corivalry.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By the <i>corrivalship</i> of Shager his false
friend.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ri*vate</hw> (k?r"r?-v?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corrivatus</i>, p. p. of <i>corrivare</i> to corrivate.]
<def>To cause to flow together, as water drawn from several
streams.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor`ri*va"tion</hw> (-v?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corrivatio</i>.] <def>The flowing of different streams into
one.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rob"o*rant</hw> (k?r-r?b"?-r<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>corroborans</i>, p. pr. See
<u>Corroborate</u>.] <def>Strengthening; supporting;
corroborating.</def> <i>Bacon.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Anything which gives strength or support; a tonic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brain, with its proper <i>corroborants</i>,
especially with sweet odors and with music.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rob"o*rate</hw> (k?r-r?b"?-r?t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Corroborated</u>
(-r?`t?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Corroborating</u>
(-r?`t?ng). ] [L. <i>corroboratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>corroborare</i> to corroborate; <i>cor-</i> + <i>roborare</i>
to strengthen, <i>robur</i> strength. See <u>Robust</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make strong, or to give additional
strength to; to strengthen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As any limb well and duly exercised, grows
stronger, the nerves of the body are <i>corroborated</i>
thereby.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make more certain; to confirm; to
establish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The concurrence of all <i>corroborates</i> the
same truth.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rob"o*rate</hw> (-r?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Corroborated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rob`o*ra"tion</hw> (k?r-r?b`?-r?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>corroboration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of corroborating, strengthening,
or confirming; addition of strength; confirmation; as, the
<i>corroboration</i> of an argument, or of information.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which corroborates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rob"o*ra*tive</hw> (k?r-r?b"?-r?-t?v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.  <i>corroboratif</i>.] <def>Tending
to strengthen of confirm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rob"o*ra*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
medicine that strengthens; a corroborant.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rob"o*ra*to*ry</hw> (-t?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tending to strengthen; corroborative; as,
<i>corroboratory</i> facts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rode"</hw> (k?r-r?d") <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Corroded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Corroding</u>.] [L. <i>corrodere</i>, <i>-
rosum</i>; <i>cor</i> + <i>rodere</i> to gnaw: cf. F.
<i>corroder</i>. See <u>Rodent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To eat away by degrees; to wear away
or diminish by gradually separating or destroying small particles
of, as by action of a strong acid or a caustic alkali.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Aqua fortis <i>corroding</i> copper . . . is wont
to reduce it to a green-blue solution.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To consume; to wear away; to prey
upon; to impair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rode"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have
corrosive action; to be subject to corrosion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corroding lead</b></col>, <cd>lead sufficiently pure
to be used in making white lead by a process of
corroding.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To canker; gnaw; rust; waste; wear away.</p>

<p><hw>Cor*rod"ent</hw> (k?r-r?"d<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>corrodens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>corrodere</i>.] <def>Corrosive.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
King.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rod"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything that
corrodes.</def>  <i>Bp. King.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ro"di*ate</hw> (k?r-r?"d?-?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[See <u>Corrode</u>.] <def>To eat away by degrees; to
corrode.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ro`di*bil"i*ty</hw> (k?r-r?`d?-b?l"?-t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being corrodible.</def>
[R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rod"i*ble</hw> (k?r-r?"d?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being corroded; corrosible.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ro`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (k?r-r?`s?-b?l"?-t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Corrodibility.</def>
"<i>Corrosibility</i> . . . answers corrosiveness."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ro"si*ble</hw> (k?r-r?"s?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Corrodible.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ro"si*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being corrosible.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ro"sion</hw> (k?r-r?"zh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>corrosio</i>: cf. F. <i>corrosion</i>. See <u>Corrode</u>.]
<def>The action or effect of corrosive agents, or the process of
corrosive change; as, the rusting of iron is a variety of
<i>corrosion</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Corrosion</i> is a particular species of
dissolution of bodies, either by an acid or a saline
menstruum.<BR>
<i>John Quincy.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ro"sive</hw> (k?r-r?"s?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>corrosif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Eating away; having
the power of gradually wearing, changing, or destroying the
texture or substance of a body; as, the <i>corrosive</i> action
of an acid.</def> "<i>Corrosive</i> liquors." <i>Grew.</i>
"<i>Corrosive</i> famine." <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality of fretting or
vexing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Care is no cure, but <i>corrosive</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Corrosive sublimate</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>mercuric chloride, HgCl<sub>2</sub>; so called because
obtained by sublimation, and because of its harsh irritating
action on the body tissue. Usually it is in the form of a heavy,
transparent, crystalline substance, easily soluble, and of an
acrid, burning taste. It is a virulent poison, a powerful
antiseptic, and an excellent antisyphilitic; called also
<i>mercuric bichloride</i>. It is to be carefully distinguished
from calomel, the mild chloride of mercury.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ro"sive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which has the quality of eating or wearing away
gradually.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[<i>Corrosives</i>] act either directly, by
chemically destroying the part, or indirectly by causing
inflammation and gangrene.<BR>
<i>Dunglison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which has the power of fretting
or irritating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such speeches . . . are grievous
<i>corrosives</i>.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cor*ro"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cor*ro"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ro"val</hw> (kr-r?"v<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A dark brown substance of vegetable origin, allied to
curare, and used by the natives of New Granada as an arrow
poison.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ro"va*line</hw> (-v?-l?n or -l?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A poisonous alkaloid
extracted from corroval, and characterized by its immediate
action in paralyzing the heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ru*gant</hw> (k?r"r?-g<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>corrugans</i>, p. pr. See
<u>Corrugate</u>.] <def>Having the power of contracting into
wrinkles.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ru*gate</hw> (k?r"r?-g?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corrugatus</i>, p. p. of <i>corrugare</i>; <i>cor-+ rugare</i>
to wrinkle, <i>ruga</i> wrinkle; of uncertain origin.]
<def>Wrinkled; crumpled; furrowed; contracted into ridges and
furrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ru*gate</hw> (-g?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Corrugated</u> (-g?`t?d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Corrugating</u> (-g?`t?ng).]
<def>To form or shape into wrinkles or folds, or alternate ridges
and grooves, as by drawing, contraction, pressure, bending, or
otherwise; to wrinkle; to purse up; as, to <i>corrugate</i>
plates of iron; to <i>corrugate</i> the forehead.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corrugated iron</b></col>, <cd>sheet iron bent into a
series of alternate ridges and grooves in parallel lines, giving
it greater stiffness.</cd> -- <col><b>Corrugated paper</b></col>,
<cd>a thick, coarse paper corrugated in order to give it
elasticity. It is used as a wrapping material for fragile
articles, as bottles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cor`ru*ga"tion</hw> (k?r`r?-g?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F.  <i>corrugation</i>.] <def>The act corrugating;
contraction into wrinkles or alternate ridges and
grooves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ru*ga`tor</hw> (k?r"r?-g?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL.; cf. F. <i>corrugateur</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle
which contracts the skin of the forehead into wrinkles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*ru"gent</hw> (k?r-r?"j<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Drawing together;
contracting; -- said of the corrugator.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor*rump"</hw> (k?r-r?mp"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corrumpere</i>.] <def>To corrupt. See <u>Corrupt</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chauser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rump"a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Corruptible.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt`</hw> (k?r-r?pt"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corruptus</i>, p. p. of <i>corrumpere</i> to corrupt; <i>cor-
</i> + <i>rumpere</i> to break. See <u>Rupture</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Changed from a sound to a putrid state;
spoiled; tainted; vitiated; unsound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who with such <i>corrupt</i> and pestilent bread
would feed them.<BR>
<i>Knolles.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Changed from a state of uprightness,
correctness, truth, etc., to a worse state; vitiated; depraved;
debased; perverted; as, <i>corrupt</i> language; <i>corrupt</i>
judges.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At what ease<BR>
Might <i>corrupt</i> minds procure knaves as <i>corrupt</i><BR>
To swear against you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in errors; not genuine or
correct; as, the text of the manuscript is
<i>corrupt</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Corrupted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Corrupting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To change from a
sound to a putrid or putrescent state; to make putrid; to
putrefy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change from good to bad; to
vitiate; to deprave; to pervert; to debase; to defile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evil communications <i>corrupt</i> good
manners.<BR>
<i>1. Cor. xv. 33.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw aside from the path of
rectitude and duty; as, to <i>corrupt</i> a judge by a
bribe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven is above all yet; there sits a Judge<BR>
That no king can <i>corrupt</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To debase or render impure by
alterations or innovations; to falsify; as, to <i>corrupt</i>
language; to <i>corrupt</i> the sacred text.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that makes an ill use of it [language], though
he does not <i>corrupt</i> the fountains of knowledge, . . . yet
he stops the pines.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To waste, spoil, or consume; to make
worthless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth,
where moth and rust doth <i>corrupt</i>.<BR>
<i>Matt. vi. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt"</hw> (k?r-r?pt"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become putrid or tainted; to putrefy;
to rot.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become vitiated; to lose purity or
goodness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt"er</hw> (k?r-r?p"t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who corrupts; one who vitiates or taints; as, a
<i>corrupter</i> of morals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tending to corrupt; full of corruption.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Corruptful</i> bribes."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (k?r-r?p`t?-b?l"?-t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>corruptibilitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>corruptibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
corruptible; the possibility or liability of being corrupted;
corruptibleness.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt"i*ble</hw> (k?r-r?p"t?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>corruptibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>corruptible</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being made corrupt; subject to
decay.</def> "Our <i>corruptible</i> bodies."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye were not redeemed with <i>corruptible</i>
things, as silver and gold.<BR>
<i>1 Pet. i. 18.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being corrupted, or morally
vitiated; susceptible of depravation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They systematically corrupt very
<i>corruptible</i> race.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cor*rupt"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cor*rupt"i*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt"i*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
may decay and perish; the human body.</def> [Archaic]  <i>1 Cor.
xv. 53.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner that corrupts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rup"tion</hw> (k?r-r?p"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>corruption</i>, L.  <i>corruptio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of corrupting or making putrid, or state of being
corrupt or putrid; decomposition or disorganization, in the
process of putrefaction; putrefaction; deterioration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inducing and accelerating of putrefaction is a
subject of very universal inquiry; for <i>corruption</i> is a
reciprocal to "generation".<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The product of corruption; putrid
matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of corrupting or of impairing
integrity, virtue, or moral principle; the state of being
corrupted or debased; loss of purity or integrity; depravity;
wickedness; impurity; bribery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was necessary, by exposing the gross
<i>corruptions</i> of monasteries, . . . to exite popular
indignation against them.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They abstained from some of the worst methods of
<i>corruption</i> usual to their party in its earlier days.<BR>
<i>Bancroft.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Corruption</i>, when applied to officers, trustees,
etc., signifies the inducing a violation of duty by means of
pecuniary considerations.  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of changing, or of being
changed, for the worse; departure from what is pure, simple, or
correct; as, a <i>corruption</i> of style; <i>corruption</i> in
language.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corruption of blood</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>taint
or impurity of blood, in consequence of an act of attainder of
treason or felony, by which a person is disabled from inheriting
any estate or from transmitting it to others.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Corruption of blood</i> can be removed only by
act of Parliament.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Putrescence; putrefaction; defilement;
contamination; deprivation; debasement; adulteration; depravity;
taint. See <u>Depravity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cor*rup"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
corrupts, or who upholds corruption.</def>  <i>Sydney
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt"ive</hw> (k?r-r?p"t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corruptivus</i>: cf. F. <i>corruptif</i>.] <def>Having the
quality of tainting or vitiating; tending to produce
corruption.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It should be endued with some <i>corruptive</i>
quality for so speedy a dissolution of the meat.<BR>
<i>Ray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt"less</hw> (k?r-r?pt"l?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Not susceptible of corruption or decay; incorruptible.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a corrupt
manner; by means of corruption or corrupting influences;
wrongfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being corrupt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*rupt"ress</hw> (-r?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
woman who corrupts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou studied old <i>corruptress</i>.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor"sac</hw> (k?r"s?k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The corsak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"sage</hw> (k&ocirc;r"s&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. See <u>Corset</u>.] <def>The waist or bodice of a lady's
dress; as, a low <i>corsage</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"sair</hw> (k?r"s?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>corsaire</i> (cf. It. <i>corsare</i>, <i>corsale</i>, Pr.
<i>corsari</i>), LL. <i>corsarius</i>, fr. L.  <i>cursus</i> a
running, course, whence Sp. <i>corso</i> cruise, <i>corsa</i>
cruise, coasting voyage, <i>corsear</i> to cruise against the
enemy, to pirate, <i>corsario</i> cruising, a privateer
authorized to cruise against the enemy. See <u>Course</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pirate; one who cruises about without
authorization from any government, to seize booty on sea or
land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piratical vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Barbary <i>corsairs</i> . . . infested the coast
of the Mediterranean.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cor"sak</hw> (k?r"s?k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small foxlike mammal (<i>Cynalopex
corsac</i>), found in Central Asia.</def> [Written also
<i>corsac</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Corse</hw> (k?rs or k?rs; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>cors</i>, F. <i>corps</i>. See <u>Corpse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A living body or its bulk.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For he was strong, and of so mighty
<i>corse</i><BR>
As ever wielded spear in warlike hand.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A corpse; the dead body of a human
being.</def> [Archaic or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Set down the <i>corse</i>; or, by Saint Paul,<BR>
I'll make a <i>corse</i> of him that disobeys.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Corse"let</hw> (k?rs"l?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim.
of OF. <i>cors</i>. F. <i>corps</i>, body. See <u>Corse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Armor for the body, as, the body
breastplate and backpiece taken together; -- also, used for the
entire suit of the day, including breastplate and backpiece,
tasset and headpiece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The thorax of an
insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corse"pres`ent</hw> (k?rs"pr?z`<i>e</i>nt or k?rs"-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Engl.Law)</i> <def>An offering made to
the church at the interment of a dead body.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"set</hw> (k?r"s?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
OF. <i>cors</i>, F. <i>corps</i>, body. See <u>Corse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the Middle Ages, a gown or basque of
which the body was close fitting, worn by both men and
women.</def></p>

<p><! p. 328 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An article of dress inclosing the
chest and waist worn (chiefly by women) to support the body or to
modify its shape; stays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"set</hw> (k?r"s?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Corseted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Corseting</u>.] <def>To inclose in
corsets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cors"let</hw> (k?rs"l?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
corselet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cors"ned</hw> (k?rs"n?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>corsn&?;d</i>.] <i>(AS. Laws)</i> <def>The morsel of
execration; a species of ordeal consisting in the eating of a
piece of bread consecrated by imprecation. If the suspected
person ate it freely, he was pronounced innocent; but if it stuck
in his throat, it was considered as a proof of his guilt.</def>
<i>Burril.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cor`t&eacute;ge"</hw> (k?r`t?zh"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., fr. It. <i>corteggio</i> train, fr. <i>corte</i> court. See
<u>Court</u>.] <def>A train of attendants; a
procession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"tes</hw> (k?r"t?s), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Sp. &
Pg., fr. <i>corte</i> court.] <def>The legislative assembly,
composed of nobility, clergy, and representatives of cities,
which in Spain and in Portugal answers, in some measure, to the
Parliament of Great Britain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cor"tex</hw> (k?r"t?ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cortices</b></plw> (-t&?;-s&?;z). [L., bark.
Cf. <u>Cork</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bark, as of a tree;
hence, an outer covering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Bark; rind;
specifically, cinchona bark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The outer or
superficial part of an organ; as, the <i>cortex</i> or gray
exterior substance of the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ti*cal</hw> (k?r"t?-k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>cortex</i> bark: cf. F. <i>cortical</i>.] <def>Belonging
to, or consisting of, bark or rind; resembling bark or rind;
external; outer; superficial; as, the <i>cortical</i> substance
of the kidney.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cor"ti*cate</hw> (k?r"t?-k?t), <hw>Cor"ti*ca`ted</hw> (-
k?`t?d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>corticatus</i>.]
<def>Having a special outer covering of a nature unlike the
interior part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*tic"i*fer</hw> (k?r-t?s"?-f?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Gorgoniacea; -- so called
because the fleshy part surrounds a solid axis, like a
bark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`ti*cif"er*ous</hw> (k?r`t?-s?f"?r-?s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cortex</i>, <i>corticis</i>, bark --
<i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>corticif&?;re</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Producing bark or something that resembling that resembles
bark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a barklike
c&?;nenchyms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor*tic"i*form</hw> (k?r-t?s"?-f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>cortex</i>, <i>corticis</i>, bark + <i>-form</i>: cf. F.
<i>corticiforme</i>.] <def>Resembling, or having the form of,
bark or rind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ti*cine</hw> (k?r"t?-s?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. L. <i>cortex</i>, <i>corticis</i>, bark.] <def>A material for
carpeting or floor covering, made of ground cork and caoutchouc
or India rubber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ti*cose`</hw> (-k?s`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corticosus</i>.] <def>Abounding in bark; resembling bark;
barky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ti*cous</hw> (-k?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to, or resembling, bark; corticose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"tile</hw> (k?r"t?l; It. k?r-t?"l?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. <i>corte</i> court.] <def>An open
internal courtyard inclosed by the walls of a large dwelling
house or other large and stately building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*run"dum</hw> (k&osl;*r&ubreve;n"d&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Corundums</b></plw> (-
d&ubreve;mz). [Also <i>corindon</i>.] [From Hind. <i>kurand</i>
corundum stone.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The earth alumina, as found
native in a crystalline state, including <i>sapphire</i>, which
is the fine blue variety; the <i>oriental ruby</i>, or red
sapphire; the <i>oriental amethyst</i>, or purple sapphire; and
<i>adamantine spar</i>, the hair-brown variety. It is the hardest
substance found native, next to the diamond.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name <i>corundum</i> is sometimes restricted to the
non-transparent or coarser kinds. <i>Emery</i> is a dark-colored
granular variety, usually admixed with magnetic iron ore.</p>

<p><hw>Co*rus"cant</hw> (k?-r?s"k<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>coruscans</i>, p. pr. See
<u>Coruscate</u>.] <def>Glittering in flashes; flashing.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"us*cate</hw> (k?r"?s-k?t or k?-r?s"k?r), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [L. <i>coruscare</i> to flash, vibrate.] <def>To
glitter in flashes; to flash.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To glisten; gleam; sparkle; radiate.</p>

<p><hw>Cor`us*ca"tion</hw> (k?r`?s-k?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>coruscatio</i>: cf. F. <i>coruscattion</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden flash or play of
light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A very vivid but exceeding short-lived splender,
not to call &?;t a little <i>coruscation</i>.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flash of intellectual
brilliancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He might have illuminated his times with the
incessant <i>cor&?;&?;cations</i> of his genius.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Flash; glitter; blaze; gleam; sparkle.</p>

<p><hw>Corve</hw> (k?rv), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Corf</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cor`vee"</hw> (k?r`v" or -v?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>corv&eacute;e</i>, fr. LL. <i>corvada</i>, <i>corrogata</i>,
fr. L.  <i>corrogare</i> to entreat together; <i>cor-</i> +
<i>rogare</i> to ask.] <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>An obligation to
perform certain services, as the repair of roads, for the lord or
sovereign.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ven</hw> (k?r"v<i>e</i>n), obs. <def><pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Carve</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cor"vet</hw> (k?r"v?t), <hw>Cor*vette"</hw> (k?r-v?r"),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>corvette</i>, fr. Pg.
<i>corveta</i> or Sp. <i>corbeta</i>, fr. L.  <i>corbita</i> a
slow-sailing ship of burden, fr, <i>corbis</i> basket. Cf.
<u>Corbeil</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A war vessel, ranking next
below a frigate, and having usually only one tier of guns; --
called in the United States navy a <i>sloop of war</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cor*vet"to</hw> (-v?t"t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A curvet.</def>  <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor"vine</hw> (k?r"v?n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>corvinus</i>, fr. <i>corvus</i> crow.] <def>Of or pertaining
to the crow; crowlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"vo*rant</hw> (k?r"v?-r<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Cormorant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"y*bant</hw> (k?r"?-b?nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Corybants</b></plw> (-b&?;nts), oftener L.
<plw><b>Corybantes</b></plw> (-b&?;n"t&?;z). [L. <i>Corybas</i>,
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.] <def>One of the priests of Cybele in Phrygia.
The rites of the Corybants were accompanied by wild music,
dancing, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`y*ban"ti*asm</hw> (-b?n"t?-?z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a corybantic frenzy.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind
of frenzy in which the patient is tormented by fantastic visions
and want of sleep.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cor`y*ban"tic</hw> (k?r`?-b?n"t?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a Corybant.] <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, the Corybantes or their rites;
frantic; frenzied; as, a <i>corybantic</i> dance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ymb</hw> (k?r"?mb or -?m; 220), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>corymbus</i> cluster of flowers, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A flat-topped or convex
cluster of flowers, each on its own footstalk, and arising from
different points of a common axis, the outermost blossoms
expanding first, as in the hawthorn.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any flattish flower cluster, whatever be the order of
blooming, or a similar shaped cluster of fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ymbed</hw> (k?r"?mbd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Corymbose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`ym*bif"er*ous</hw> (k?r`?m-b?f"?r-?s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.  <i>corymbifer</i>; <i>corymbus</i> a
cluster of flowers + <i>ferre</i> to bear&?; cf. F.
<i>corimbif&?;re</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing corymbs of
flowers or fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*rym"bose</hw> (k?-r?m"b?s or k?r"?m-b?s`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Consisting of corymbs, or
resembling them in form.</def> [Written also
<i>corymbous</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Co*rym"bose*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
corymbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`y*ph&aelig;"noid</hw>
(k&obreve;r`&ibreve;*f&emacr;"noid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>coryphaena</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Belonging to, or like, the genus <i>Coryph&aelig;na</i>. See
<u>Dolphin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co`ry`ph&eacute;e"</hw> (k&osl;`r&esl;`f&asl;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Drama)</i> <def>A ballet
dancer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"y*phene`</hw> (k?r"?-f?n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>coryphena</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>koryfh`</grk> head, summit, peak:
cf. F. <i>coryph&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish
of the genus <i>Coryph&aelig;na</i>. See <u>Dolphin</u>.
(2)</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`y*phe"us</hw> (k?r`?-f?"?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Corypheuses</b></plw> (-&ebreve;z), L.
<plw><b>Coryphei</b></plw> (-f&?;"&?;). [L. <i>coryphaeus</i>,
fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;, fr. <grk>koryfh`</grk> head.] <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>The conductor, chief, or leader of the dramatic
chorus; hence, the chief or leader of a party or
interest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That noted <i>corypheus</i> [Dr. John Owen] of the
Independent faction.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Co*ryph"o*don</hw> (k?-r?f"?-d?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>koryfh`</grk> head, peak + &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;,
tooth.] <i>(Palen.)</i> <def>A genus of extinct mammals from the
eocene tertiary of Europe and America. Its species varied in size
between the tapir and rhinoceros, and were allied to those
animals, but had short, plantigrade, five-toed feet, like the
elephant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ryph"o*dont</hw> (-d?nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, the genus
<i>Coryphodon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*ry"za</hw> (k?-r?"z?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; catarh.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Nasal
catarrh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos*cin"o*man`cy</hw> (k?s-s?n"?-m?n`s? or k?s"s?-n?-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; sieve + <i>-mancy</i>.]
<def>Divination by means of a suspended sieve.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cos`co*ro"ba</hw> (k?s`k?-r?"b?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, white, South
American duck, of the genus <i>Cascoroba</i>, resembling a
swan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*se"cant</hw> (k?-s?"k?nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>co. secans</i>, an abbrev. of L. <i>complementi secans</i>.]
<i>(Trig.)</i> <def>The secant of the complement of an arc or
angle. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Functions</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"en</hw> (k?z"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cozen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"en*age</hw> (k?z"'n-?j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cozenage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>Anything done deceitfully, and which could not be properly
designated by any special name, whether belonging to contracts or
not.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*sen"tient</hw> (k?-s?n"sh<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Perceiving together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"sey</hw> (k?"z?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cozy</u>.</def>  <i> Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cosh"er</hw> (k?sh"?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Ir.
<i>cosair</i> a feast, a banquet? or cf. F. <i>coucher</i> to
lie. Cf. <u>Couch</u>, <u>Coshering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Old Law)</i> <def>To levy certain exactions or tribute upon;
to lodge and eat at the expense of. See
<u>Coshering</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with hospitality; to
pet.</def> [Ireland]</p>

<p><hw>Cosh"er*er</hw> (k?sh"?r-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who coshers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cosh"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Old Law)</i>
<def>A feudal prerogative of the lord of the soil entitling him
to lodging and food at his tenant's house.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes he contrived, in deflance of the law, to
live by <i>coshering</i>, that is to say, by quartering himself
on the old tentants of his family, who, wretched as was their own
condition, could not refuse a portion of their pittance to one
whom they still regarded as their rightful lord.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co"sier</hw> (k?"zh?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>coussier</i> maker of mattresses; or <i>couseor</i> tailor,
fr. OF. &amp; F. <i>coudre</i>, p. p. <i>cousu</i> to sew, fr. L.
<i>consuere</i> to sew together; <i>con-</i> + <i>seure</i> to
sew. See <u>Sew</u> to stitch.] <def>A tailor who botches his
work.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`sig*nif"i*ca*tive</hw> (<i>k&?;</i>`<i>s&?;g-
n&?;f</i>"<i>&?;-k&?;-t&?;v</i>), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the same signification.</def>  <i>Cockerham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*sig"ni*ta*ry</hw> (k?-s?g"n?-t?-r?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>co-</i> + <i>sign</i>. Cf.
<u>Signatory</u>.] <def>Signing some important public document
with another or with others; as, a treaty violated by one of the
<i>cosignitary</i> powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*sig"ni*ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cosignitaries</b></plw> (-r&?;z). <def>One who signs a
treaty or public document along with others or another; as, the
<i>cosignitaries</i> of the treaty of Berlin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"si*ly</hw> (k?"z?-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cozily</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"in*age</hw> (k?s"'n-?j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cousinage</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Collateral relationship or kindred by blood;
consanguinity.</def> <i>Burrill.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
writ to recover possession of an estate in lands, when a stranger
has entered, after the death of the grandfather's grandfather, or
other distant collateral relation.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co"sine</hw> (k?"s?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>co</i>. <i>sinus</i>, an abbrev. of L. <i>complementi
sinus</i>.] <i>(Trig.)</i> <def>The sine of the complement of an
arc or angle. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Functions</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cos*met"ic</hw> (k?z-m?t"?k), <hw>Cos*met"ic*al</hw> (-
?-k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kosmitiko`s</grk>
skilled in decorating, fr. <grk>ko`smos</grk> order, ornament:
cf. F. <i>cosm&eacute;tique</i>. See <u>Cosmos</u>.]
<def>Imparting or improving beauty, particularly the beauty of
the complexion; as, a <i>cosmetical</i> preparation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>First, robed in white, the nymph intent
adores,<BR>
With head uncovered, the <i>cosmetic</i> powers.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cos*met"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any external
application intended to beautify and improve the
complexion.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cos"mic</hw> (k?z"m?k), <hw>Cos"mic*al</hw> (-m?-
k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kosmiko`s</grk> of
the world, fr. <grk>ko`smos</grk>: cf. F.  <i>cosmique</i>. See
<u>Cosmos</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the
universe, and having special reference to universal law or order,
or to the one grand harmonious system of things; hence;
harmonious; orderly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the solar system as a
whole, and not to the earth alone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of the cosmos or
universe; inconceivably great; vast; as, <i>cosmic</i>
speed.</def> "<i>Cosmic</i> ranges of time."  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Rising or setting
with the sun; -- the opposite of <i>acronycal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"mic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With the sun at rising or setting; as, a
star is said to rise or set <i>cosmically</i> when it rises or
sets with the sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Universally.</def> [R.]
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cos*mog"o*nal</hw> (k?z-m?g"?-n<i>a</i>l),
<hw>Cos`mo*gon"ic</hw> (k?z`m?-g?n"?k), <hw>Cos`mo*gon"ic*al</hw>
(-g?n"?-k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to
cosmogony.</def>  <i>B. Powell. Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cos*mog"o*nist</hw> (k?z-m?g"?-n?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who treats of the origin of the universe; one versed in
cosmogony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos*mog"o*ny</hw> (-n?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cosmogonies</b></plw> (-n&?;z). [Gr.
<grk>kosmogoni`a</grk>; <grk>ko`smos</grk> the world + root of
<grk>gi`gnesthai</grk> to be born: cf. F. <i>cosmogonie</i>.]
<def>The creation of the world or universe; a theory or account
of such creation; as, the poetical <i>cosmogony</i> of Hesoid;
the <i>cosmogonies</i> of Thales, Anaxagoras, and
Plato.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cosmogony</i> or creation of the world has
puzzled philosophers of all ages.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cos*mog"ra*pher</hw> (-r?-f?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who describes the world or universe, including the
heavens and the earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The name of this island is nowhere found among the
old and ancient <i>cosmographers</i>.<BR>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cos`mo*graph"ic</hw> (k?z`m?-gr?f"?k),
<hw>Cos`mo*graph"ic*al</hw> (-?-k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>cosmographique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to cosmography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos`mo*graph"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
a cosmographic manner; in accordance with cosmography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos*mog"ra*phy</hw> (k?z-m?g"r?-f?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cosmographies</b></plw> (-f&?;z). [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;; &?;&?;&?; the world + &?;&?;&?; to write: cf. F.
<i>cosmographie</i>.] <def>A description of the world or of the
universe; or the science which teaches the constitution of the
whole system of worlds, or the figure, disposition, and relation
of all its parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"mo*labe</hw> (k?z"m?-l?b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?; the world + &?;&?;&?;&?; to take: cf. F.
<i>cosmolade</i>.] <def>An instrument resembling the astrolabe,
formerly used for measuring the angles between heavenly bodies; -
- called also <i>pantacosm</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos*mol"a*try</hw> (k?z-m?l"?-tr?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. &?;&?;&?; the world + &?;&?;&?; to worship.] <def>Worship
paid to the world.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cos"mo*line</hw> (k?z"m?-l?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob.
fr. <i>cosmetic</i> + L. <i>ole</i>um oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
substance obtained from the residues of the distillation of
petroleum, essentially the same as <i>vaseline</i>, but of
somewhat stiffer consistency, and consisting of a mixture of the
higher paraffines; a kind of petroleum jelly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos`mo*log"ic*al</hw> (k?z`m?-l?j"?-k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
cosmology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos*mol"o*gist</hw> (k?z-m?l"?-j?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who describes the universe; one skilled in
cosmology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos*mol"o*gy</hw> (k&obreve;z*m&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ko`smos</grk> the world + <i>-
logy</i>: cf. F. <i>cosmologie</i>.] <def>The science of the
world or universe; or a treatise relating to the structure and
parts of the system of creation, the elements of bodies, the
modifications of material things, the laws of motion, and the
order and course of nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos*mom"e*try</hw> (k?z-m?m"?-tr?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>ko`smos</grk> the world + <i>-metry</i>.] <def>The art
of measuring the world or the universe.</def>  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cos`mo*plas"tic</hw> (k?z`m?-pl?s"t?k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ko`smos</grk> the world +
<grk>pla`ssein</grk> to form.] <def>Pertaining to a plastic force
as operative in the formation of the world independently of God;
world-forming.</def> "<i>Cosmoplastic</i> and hylozoic atheisms."
<i>Gudworth.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cos`mo*pol"i*tan</hw> (-p?l"?-t<i>a</i>n),
<hw>Cos*mop"o*lite</hw> (k?z-m?p"?-l?t), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. &?;&?;&?;; <grk>ko`smos</grk> the world + &?;&?;&?; citizen,
&?;&?;&?; city: cf. F. <i>cosmopolitain</i>, <i>cosmopolite</i>.]
<def>One who has no fixed residence, or who is at home in every
place; a citizen of the world.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cos`mo*pol"i*tan</hw>, <hw>Cos*mop"o*lite</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having no fixed
residence; at home in any place; free from local attachments or
prejudices; not provincial; liberal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In other countries taste is perphaps too
exclusively national, in Germany it is certainly too
<i>cosmopolite</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Common everywhere; widely spread;
found in all parts of the world.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Cheiroptera are <i>cosmopolitan</i>.<BR>
<i>R. Owen.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cos`mo*pol"i*tan*ism</hw> (k?z`m?-p?l"?-t<i>a</i>n-?z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being cosmopolitan;
cosmopolitism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos*mop"o*lite</hw> (-m?p"?-l?t), <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Cosmopolitan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos`mo*po*lit"ic*al</hw> (k?z`m?-p?-l?t"?-k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the character of a
cosmopolite.</def> [R.]  <i>Hackluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cos*mop"o*li*tism</hw> (k?z-m?p"?-l?-t?z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition or character of a
cosmopolite; disregard of national or local peculiarities and
prejudices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos`mo*ra"ma</hw> (k?z`m?-r?"m? or -r?"m?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ko`smos</grk> the world +
&?;&?;&?; a sight, spectacle, fr. &?;&?;&?; to see.] <def>An
exhibition in which a series of views in various parts of the
world is seen reflected by mirrors through a series of lenses,
with such illumination, etc., as will make the views most closely
represent reality.</def></p>

<p><! p. 329 !></p>

<p><hw>Cos`mo*ram"ic</hw>
(k&obreve;z`m&osl;*r&abreve;m"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to a cosmorama.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cos"mos</hw> (k&obreve;z"m&obreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ko`smos</grk> order,
harmony, the world (from its perfect order and arrangement); akin
to Skr. <i>&ccedil;ad</i> to distinguish one's self.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The universe or universality of
created things; -- so called from the order and harmony displayed
in it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The theory or description of the
universe, as a system displaying order and harmony.</def>
<i>Humboldt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cos"mo*sphere</hw> (k&obreve;z"m?-sf?r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ko`smos</grk> the world + E.
<i>sphere</i>.] <def>An apparatus for showing the position of the
earth, at any given time, with respect to the fixed stars. It
consist of a hollow glass globe, on which are depicted the stars
and constellations, and within which is a terrestrial
globe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"mo*the`ism</hw> (k?z"m?-th?`?z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ko`smos</grk> the world +
&?;&?;&?; god.] <def>Same as <u>Pantheism</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cos`mo*thet"ic</hw> (k?z`m?-th?t"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>ko`smos</grk> universe + &?;&?;&?; to place or
arrange.] <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Assuming or positing the actual
existence or reality of the physical or external world.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cosmothetic idealists</b></col> <i>(Metaph.)</i>,
<cd>those who assume, without attempting to prove, the reality of
external objects as corresponding to, and being the ground of,
the ideas of which only the mind has direct cognizance.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cosmothetic idealists</i> . . . deny that
mind is immediately conscious of matter.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*sov"er*eign</hw> (k?-s?v"?r-?n or k?-s?v"-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A joint sovereign.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coss</hw> (k&obreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Pers.
<i>k&omacr;s</i> a road measure of about two miles; or Skr.
<i>kr&omacr;&ccedil;a</i>.] <def>A Hindoo measure of distance,
varying from one and a half to two English miles.</def>
<i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>cosa</i>.] <def>A
thing (only in phrase below).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rule of Coss</b></col>, <cd>an old name for
<i>Algebra</i>. [It. <i>regola di cosa</i> rule of thing, the
unknown quantity being called the <i>cosa</i>, or the
thing.]</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cos"sack</hw> (k?s"s?k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>kozak'</i>, <i>kazak'</i>: cf. Turk. <i>kaz&amacr;k</i>.]
<def>One of a warlike, pastoral people, skillful as horsemen,
inhabiting different parts of the Russian empire and furnishing
valuable contingents of irregular cavalry to its armies, those of
Little Russia and those of the Don forming the principal
divisions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"sas</hw> (k?s"s?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Plain India muslin, of various qualities and
widths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"set</hw> (k?s"s?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>cotsetla</i> cottager, G. <i>kossat</i>, <i>kothsasse</i>, fr.
<i>kot</i>, <i>koth</i> E. (<i>cot</i>) hut, and cf. also E.
<i>cade</i>, <i>a.</i>, <i>cot</i> a cade lamb.] <def>A lamb
reared without the aid of the dam. Hence: A pet, in
general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"set</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat as a
pet; to fondle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She was <i>cosseted</i> and posseted and prayed
over and made much of.<BR>
<i>O. W. Holmes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cos"sic</hw> (k?s"s?k), <hw>Cos"sic*al</hw> (-s?-
k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It. <i>cossico</i>. See 2d
<u>Coss</u>.] <def>Of or relating to algebra; as, <i>cossic</i>
numbers, or the <i>cossic</i> art.</def> [Obs.] "Art of numbers
<i>cossical</i>."  <i>Digges (1579).</i></p>

<p><hw>Cost</hw> (k?st; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>costa</i> rib. See <u>Coast</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
rib; a side; a region or coast.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Betwixt the <i>costs</i> of a ship.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>See
<u>Cottise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cost</hw> (k&obreve;st; 115), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cost</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Costing</u>.] [OF. <i>coster</i>, <i>couster</i>,
F.  <i>co&ucirc;ter</i>, fr. L. <i>constare</i> to stand at, to
cost; <i>con-</i> + <i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Stand</u>, and
cf. <u>Constant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To require to be
given, expended, or laid out therefor, as in barter, purchase,
acquisition, etc.; to cause the cost, expenditure,
relinquishment, or loss of; as, the ticket <i>cost</i> a dollar;
the effort <i>cost</i> his life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A diamond gone, <i>cost</i> me two thousand
ducats.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Though it <i>cost</i> me ten nights'
watchings.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To require to be borne or suffered; to
cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To do him wanton rites, which <i>cost</i> them
woe.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To cost dear</b></col>, <cd>to require or occasion a
large outlay of money, or much labor, self-denial, suffering,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cost</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cost</i>, F.
<i>co&ucirc;t</i>. See <u>Cost</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The amount paid, charged, or engaged to
be paid, for anything bought or taken in barter; charge; expense;
hence, whatever, as labor, self-denial, suffering, etc., is
requisite to secure benefit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One day shall crown the alliance on 't so please
you,<BR>
Here at my house, and at my proper <i>cost</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>At less <i>cost</i> of life than is often expended
in a skirmish, [Charles V.] saved Europe from invasion.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Loss of any kind; detriment; pain;
suffering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know thy trains,<BR>
Though dearly to my <i>cost</i>, thy gins and toils.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Expenses
incurred in litigation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Costs</i> in actions or suits are either between
attorney and client, being what are payable in every case to the
attorney or counsel by his client whether he ultimately succeed
or not, or between party and party, being those which the law
gives, or the court in its discretion decrees, to the prevailing,
against the losing, party.</p>

<p><col><b>Bill of costs</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cost free</b></col>, <cd>without
outlay or expense.</cd> "Her duties being to talk French, and her
privileges to live <i>cost free</i> and to gather scraps of
knowledge."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cos"ta</hw> (k&obreve;s"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L., rib. See <u>Coast</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A rib of an animal or a human being.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A rib or vein of a leaf,
especially the midrib.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The anterior rib in the wing of an insect.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the riblike longitudinal ridges
on the exterior of many corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cost"age</hw> (k?st"?j; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>coustage</i>.] <def>Expense; cost.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cos"tal</hw> (k?s"t<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>costal</i>. See <u>Costa</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the ribs
or the sides of the body; as, <i>costal</i> nerves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Relating to
a costa, or rib.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Costal cartilage</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Cartilage</u>,
and <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Thorax</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cos"tal-nerved`</hw> (k?s"t<i>a</i>l-n?rvd`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the nerves spring
from the midrib.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"tard</hw> (k?s"t?rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr.
OF. <i>coste</i> rib, side, F. <i>c&ocirc;te</i>, and meaning
orig., a ribbed apple, from the ribs or angles on its sides. See
<u>Coast</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An apple, large and round
like the head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some [apples] consist more of air than water . . .
; others more of water than wind, as your <i>costards</i> and
pomewaters.<BR>
<i>Muffett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The head; -- used
contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Try whether your <i>costard</i> or my bat be the
harder.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cos"tard*mon`ger</hw> (-m?n`g?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A costermonger.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cos"tate</hw> (k?s"t?t), <hw>Cos"ta*ted</hw> (-t?-t?d),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>costatus</i>, fr. <i>costa</i>
rib.] <def>Having ribs, or the appearance of ribs; <i>(Bot.)</i>
having one or more longitudinal ribs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"tean`</hw> (k?s"t?n`), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[Cornish <i>cothas</i> dropped + <i>stean</i> tin.] <def>To
search after lodes. See <u>Costeaning</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"tean`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process
by which miners seek to discover metallic lodes. It consist in
sinking small pits through the superficial deposits to the solid
rock, and then driving from one pit to another across the
direction of the vein, in such manner as to cross all the veins
between the two pits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos*tel"late</hw> (k?s-t?l"l?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>costa</i> rib.] <def>Finely ribbed or costated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"ter</hw> (k?s"t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Abbrev. of
<i>costermonger</i>.] <def>One who hawks about fruit, green
vegetables, fish, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"ter*mon`ger</hw> (k?s"t?r-m?n`g?r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Costard</u>.] <def>An apple seller;
a hawker of, or dealer in, any kind of fruit or vegetables; a
fruiterer.</def> [Written also <i>costardmonger</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cos*tif"er*ous</hw> (k?s-t?f"?r-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Costa</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Rib-bearing,
as the dorsal vertebr&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"tive</hw> (k?s"t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>costev&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>costever</i>, F.
<i>constiper</i>, L. <i>constipare</i> to press closely together,
to cram; <i>con-</i> + <i>stipare</i> to press together, cram.
See <u>Stipulate</u>, <u>Stiff</u>, and cf. <u>Constipate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Retaining fecal matter in the bowels;
having too slow a motion of the bowels; constipated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reserved; formal; close; cold.</def>
[Obs.] "A <i>costive</i> brain." <i>Prior.</i> "<i>Costive</i> of
laughter." <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You must be frank, but without indiscretion; and
close, but without being <i>costive</i>.<BR>
<i>Lord Chesterfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dry and hard; impermeable;
unyielding.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Clay in dry seasons is <i>costive</i>, hardening
with the sun and wind.<BR>
<i>Mortimer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cos"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a costive
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An unnatural retention of the fecal
matter of the bowels; constipation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inability to express one's self;
stiffness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A reverend disputant of the same
<i>costiveness</i> in public elocution with myself.<BR>
<i>Wakefield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cost"less</hw> (k?st"l?s; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Costing nothing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cost"lewe</hw> (-l?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Costly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cost"li*ness</hw> (-l?-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being costy; expensiveness; sumptuousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cost"ly</hw> (k?st"l?; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
Cost expense.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of great cost; expensive;
dear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had fitted up his palace in the most
<i>costly</i> and sumptuous style, for the accomodation of the
princess.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gorgeous; sumptuous.</def>
[Poetic.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To show how <i>costly</i> summer was at hand.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cost"ma*ry</hw> (k?st"m?-r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>costum</i> an Oriental aromatic plant (Gr. &?;&?;&?;, cf. Ar.
<i>kost</i>, <i>kust</i>) + <i>Maria</i> Mary. Cf.
<u>Alecost</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A garden plant
(<i>Chrysanthemum Balsamita</i>) having a strong balsamic smell,
and nearly allied to tansy. It is used as a pot herb and salad
plant and in flavoring ale and beer. Called also
<i>alecost</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"to*tome</hw> (k?s"t?-t?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Costa</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; to cut.] <def>An instrument
(chisel or shears) to cut the ribs and open the thoracic cavity,
in post-mortem examinations and dissections.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cos"trel</hw> (k?s"tr?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. W.
<i>costrel</i>, OF.  <i>costrel</i>, LL.  <i>costrellum</i>, a
liquid measure, <i>costrellus</i> a wine cup.] <def>A bottle of
leather, earthenware, or wood, having ears by which it was
suspended at the side.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>A youth, that, following with a <i>costrel</i>,
bore<BR>
The means of goodly welcome, flesh and wine.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cos"tume`</hw> (k?s"t?m` or k?s-t?m"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>costume</i>, It. <i>costume</i>
custom, dress, fr. L. <i>consuetumen</i> (not found), for
<i>consuetudo</i> custom. See <u>Custom</u>, and cf.
<u>Consuetude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dress in general;
esp., the distinctive style of dress of a people, class, or
period.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Such an arrangement of accessories, as
in a picture, statue, poem, or play, as is appropriate to the
time, place, or other circumstances represented or
described.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I began last night to read Walter Scott's Lay of
the Last Minstrel . . . .I was extremely delighted with the
poetical beauty of some parts . . . .The <i>costume</i>, too, is
admirable.<BR>
<i>Sir J. Mackintosh.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A character dress, used at fancy balls
or for dramatic purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"tum`er</hw> (-t?m`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who makes or deals in costumes, as for theaters, fancy balls,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co-suf"fer*er</hw> (k?-s?f"f?r-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who suffers with another.</def>  <i>Wycherley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`su*preme"</hw> (k?`s?-pr?m"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A partaker of supremacy; one jointly supreme.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*sure"ty</hw> (k?-sh?r"t?; 136), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cosureties</b></plw> (-t&?;z). <def>One who is
surety with another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"sy</hw> (k?"z?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cozy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot</hw> (k?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>cot</i>,
<i>cote</i>, AS. <i>cot</i>, <i>cote</i>, cottage; akin to D. &
Icel. <i>kot</i>, G.  <i>koth</i>, <i>kot</i>, <i>kothe</i>. Cf.
<u>Coat</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small house; a cottage or
hut.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sheltered <i>cot</i>, the cultivated farm.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pen, coop, or like shelter for small
domestic animals, as for sheep or pigeons; a cote.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cover or sheath; as, a roller
<i>cot</i> (the clothing of a drawing roller in a spinning
frame); a <i>cot</i> for a sore finger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Cf. Ir. <i>cot</i>.] <def>A small, rudely-
formed boat.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bell cot</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Bell</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cot</hw> (k?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cot</i>
cottage, bedchamber; or cf. OF. <i>coite</i>, F. <i>couette</i>
(E. <i>quilt</i>), LL. <i>cottum</i>, <i>cottus</i>, mattress.
See <u>Cot</u> a cottage.] <def>A sleeping place of limited size;
a little bed; a cradle; a piece of canvas extended by a frame,
used as a bed.</def> [Written also <i>cott</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Co*tan"gent</hw> (k?-t?n"j<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>co</i>. <i>tangens</i>, an abbrev.
of L. <i>complementi tangens</i>. See <u>Tangent</u>.]
<i>(Trig.)</i> <def>The tangent of the complement of an arc or
angle. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Functions</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*tar"nine</hw> (k?-t?r"n?n or -n?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>narcotine</i>, by transposition
of letters.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline substance,
C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>13</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>, obtained as a product
of the decomposition of narcotine. It has weak basic properties,
and is usually regarded as an alkaloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cote</hw> (k&omacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Cot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cottage or hut.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shed, shelter, or inclosure for
small domestic animals, as for sheep or doves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Watching where shepherds pen their flocks, at
eve,<BR>
In hurdled <i>cotes</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cote</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Prob. from F.
<i>c&ocirc;t&eacute;</i> side, OF. <i>costet</i>, LL.
<i>costatus</i>, <i>costatum</i>, fr. L. <i>costu</i> rib, side:
cf. F. <i>c&ocirc;toyer</i> to go or keep at the side of. See
<u>Coast</u>.] <def>To go side by side with; hence, to pass by;
to outrun and get before; as, a dog <i>cotes</i> a hare.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>coted</i> them on the way, and hither are
they coming.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cote</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Quote</u>.]
<def>To quote.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*tem`po*ra"ne*ous</hw> (k?-t?m`p?-r?"n?-?s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Contemporaneous</u>.] <def>Living or
being at the same time; contemporaneous.</def> --
<wf>Co*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Co*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Co*tem"po*ra*ry</hw> (k?-t?m"p?-r?-r?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Living or being at the same time;
contemporary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*tem"po*ra*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cotemporaries</b></plw> (-r&ibreve;z). <def>One who lives
at the same time with another; a contemporary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ten"ant</hw> (k?-t?n"<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A tenant in common, or a joint tenant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co`te*rie"</hw> (k?`t<i>e</i>-r?"; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prob. from OF. <i>coterie</i> servile
tenure, fr. <i>colier</i> cotter; of German origin. See 1st
<u>Cot</u>.] <def>A set or circle of persons who meet familiarly,
as for social, literary, or other purposes; a clique.</def> "The
queen of your <i>coterie</i>."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co*ter"mi*nous</hw> (k?-t?r"m?-n?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf.  <u>Conterminous</u>.] <def>Bordering; conterminous; --
followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"gare`</hw> (k?t"g?r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Refuse wool.</def> [Obs. or Prov.]</p>

<p><hw>Co"thurn</hw> (k?"th?rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cothurnus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;. Cf.  <u>Cothurnus</u>.]
<def>A buskin anciently used by tragic actors on the stage;
hence, tragedy in general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moment had arrived when it was thought that
the mask and the <i>cothurn</i> might be assumed with effect.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Co*thur"nate</hw> (k?-th?r"n?t), <hw>Co*thur"na*ted</hw>
(-n?-t?d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wearing
a cothurn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to tragedy; solemn;
grave.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*thur"nus</hw> (-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Same as <u>Cothurn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*tic"u*lar</hw> (k?-t?k"?-l?r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>coticula</i> a small touchstone, dim. <i>cos</i>,
<i>cotis</i>, whetstone.] <def>Pertaining to whetstones; like or
suitable for whetstones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*tid"al</hw> (k?-t?d"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Marking an equality in the tides; having high tide at the
same time.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cotidal lines</b></col> <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i>,
<cd>lines on a map passing through places that have high tide at
the same time.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Co`til`lon"</hw> (k&osl;`t&esl;`y&ocirc;N" <i>or</i>
k&osl;`t&esl;l`-; 277), <hw>Co*til"lion</hw>
(k&osl;*t&ibreve;l"y&ubreve;n), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cotillon</i>, fr. OF. <i>cote</i> coat, LL. <i>cotta</i>
tunic. See <u>Coat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A brisk dance,
performed by eight persons; a quadrille.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tune which regulates the
dance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of woolen material for women's
skirts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co*tin"ga</hw> (k&osl;*t&esl;&nsm;"g&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native South American name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird of the family
<i>Cotingid&aelig;</i>, including numerous bright-colored South
American species; -- called also <i>chatterers</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ise</hw> (k&obreve;t"&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>See <u>Cottise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ised</hw> (-?st), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cottised</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"land</hw> (k?t"l?nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Land
appendant to a cot or cottage, or held by a cottager or
cotter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"quean`</hw> (k?t"kw?n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cot</i> a cottage + <i>quean</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man who busies himself with affairs
which properly belong to women.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A she-cuckold; a cucquean; a
henhussy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What, shall a husband be afraid of his wife's
face?<BR>
We are a king, <i>cotquean</i>, and we will reign in our
pleasures.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cot*quean"i*ty</hw> (k?t-kw?n"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The condition, character, or conduct of a cotquean.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`trus*tee"</hw> (k?`tr?s-t?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A joint trustee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cots"wold`</hw> (k?ts"w?ld`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cot</i> a cottage or hut + <i>wold</i> an open country.]
<def>An open country abounding in sheepcotes, as in the Cotswold
hills, in Gloucestershire, England.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cotswold sheep</b></col>, <cd>a long-wooled breed of
sheep, formerly common in the counties of Gloucester, Hereford,
and Worcester, Eng.; -- so called from the <i>Cotswold</i> Hills.
The breed is now chiefly amalgamated with others.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cot"tage</hw> (k?t"t?j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cot</u> a cottage.] <def>A small house; a cot; a
hut.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term was formerly limited to a habitation for the
poor, but is now applied to any small tasteful dwelling; and at
places of summer resort, to any residence or lodging house of
rustic architecture, irrespective of size.</p>

<p><col><b>Cottage allotment</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Alloment</u>.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Cottage cheese</b></col>,
<cd>the thick part of clabbered milk strained, salted, and
pressed into a ball.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cot"taged</hw> (-t?jd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Set or
covered with cottages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even humble Harting's <i>cottaged</i> vale.<BR>
<i>Collins.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cot"tage*ly</hw> (-t?j-l?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cottagelike; suitable for a cottage; rustic.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ta*ger</hw> (k?t"t?-j?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who lives in a cottage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who lives on the
common, without paying any rent, or having land of his
own.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cot"ter</hw>, <hw>Cot"tar</hw>  } (k?t"t?r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>cotarius</i>, <i>cottarius</i>,
<i>coterius</i>. See <u>Cot</u>.] <def>A cottager; a
cottier.</def>  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Through Sandwich Notch the West Wind sang<BR>
Good morrow to the <i>cotter</i>.<BR>
<i>Whittier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 330 !></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ter</hw> (k&obreve;t"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of wood or metal, commonly wedge-
shaped, used for fastening together parts of a machine or
structure. It is driven into an opening through one or all of the
parts. [See <i>Illust.</i>] In the United States a cotter is
commonly called a <i>key</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A toggle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fasten with
a cotter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ti*er</hw> (-t&ibreve;*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cotier</i>. See <u>Coterie</u>, and
cf. <u>Cotter</u>.] <def>In Great Britain and Ireland, a person
who hires a small cottage, with or without a plot of land.
Cottiers commonly aid in the work of the landlord's farm.</def>
[Written also <i>cottar</i> and <i>cotter</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cot"tise</hw> (k&obreve;t"t&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>c&ocit;t&eacute;</i> side, L.
<i>costa</i> rib.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A diminutive of the
bendlet, containing one half its area or one quarter the area of
the bend. When a single cottise is used alone it is often called
a <i>cost</i>. See also <u>Couple-close</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"tised</hw> (-t?st), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Set between two cottises, -- said of a bend; or between two
barrulets, -- said of a bar or fess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"toid</hw> (k?t"toid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>cottus</i> sculpin + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like a fish of the genus <i>Cottus</i>.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A fish belonging to, or resembling,
the genus <i>Cottus</i>. See <u>Sculpin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"to*lene`</hw> (k&obreve;t"t&osl;*l&emacr;n`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A product from cotton-seed, used as
lard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ton</hw> (k&obreve;t"t'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>coton</i>, Sp. <i>algodon</i> the cotton plant and its wool,
<i>coton</i> printed cotton, cloth, fr. Ar. <i>qutun</i>,
<i>alqutun</i>, cotton wool. Cf. <u>Acton</u>, <u>Hacqueton</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A soft, downy substance, resembling fine
wool, consisting of the unicellular twisted hairs which grow on
the seeds of the cotton plant. Long-staple cotton has a fiber
sometimes almost two inches long; short-staple, from two thirds
of an inch to an inch and a half.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cotton plant. See <i>Cotten
plant</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cloth made of cotton.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Cotton</i> is used as an adjective before many nouns
in a sense which commonly needs no explanation; as, <i>cotton</i>
bagging; <i>cotton</i> cloth; <i>cotton</i> goods; <i>cotton</i>
industry; <i>cotton</i> mill; <i>cotton</i> spinning;
<i>cotton</i> tick.</p>

<p><col><b>Cotton cambric</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Cambric</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Cotton
flannel</b></col>, <cd>the manufactures' name for a heavy cotton
fabric, twilled, and with a long plush nap. In England it is
called <i>swan's-down cotton</i>, or <i>Canton flannel</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Cotton gin</b></col>, <cd>a machine to separate the
seeds from cotton, invented by Eli Whitney.</cd> --
<col><b>Cotton grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus of
plants (<i>Eriphorum</i>) of the Sedge family, having delicate
capillary bristles surrounding the fruit (seedlike achenia),
which elongate at maturity and resemble tufts of cotton.</cd> --
<col><b>Cotton mouse</b></col> <i>(Zool.)</i>, <cd>a field mouse
(<i>Hesperomys gossypinus</i>), injurious to cotton crops.</cd> -
- <col><b>Cotton plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of
the genus <i>Gossypium</i>, of several species, all growing in
warm climates, and bearing the cotton of commerce. The common
species, originally Asiatic, is <i>G. herbaceum</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cotton press</b></col>, <cd>a building and machinery in
which cotton bales are compressed into smaller bulk for shipment;
a press for baling cotton.</cd> -- <col><b>Cotton rose</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus of composite herbs (<i>Filago</i>),
covered with a white substance resembling cotton.</cd> --
<col><b>Cotton scale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species
of bark louse (<i>Pulvinaria innumerabilis</i>), which does great
damage to the cotton plant.</cd> -- <col><b>Cotton
shrub</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Cotton plant</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cotton stainer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
species of hemipterous insect (<i>Dysdercus suturellus</i>),
which seriously damages growing cotton by staining it; -- called
also <i>redbug</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cotton thistle</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the Scotch thistle. See under
<u>Thistle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cotton velvet</b></col>,
<cd>velvet in which the warp and woof are both of cotton, and the
pile is of silk; also, velvet made wholly of cotton.</cd> --
<col><b>Cotton waste</b></col>, <cd>the refuse of cotton
mills.</cd> -- <col><b>Cotton wool</b></col>, <cd>cotton in its
raw or woolly state.</cd> -- <col><b>Cotton worm</b></col>
<i>(Zool.)</i>, <cd>a lepidopterous insect (<i>Aletia
argillacea</i>), which in the larval state does great damage to
the cotton plant by eating the leaves. It also feeds on corn,
etc., and hence is often called <i>corn worm</i>, and <i>Southern
army worm</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ton</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To rise with a regular nap, as cloth does.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>cottons</i> well; it can not choose but
bear<BR>
A pretty nap.<BR>
<i>Family of Love.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go on prosperously; to
succeed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>New, Hephestion, does not this matter
<i>cotton</i> as I would?<BR>
<i>Lyly.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unite; to agree; to make friends; -
- usually followed by <i>with</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A quarrel will end in one of you being turned off,
in which case it will not be easy to <i>cotton</i> with
another.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Didst see, Frank, how the old goldsmith
<i>cottoned</i> in with his beggarly companion?<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take a liking to; to stick to one
as cotton; -- used with <i>to</i>.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Cot"ton*ade`</hw> (k?t"t'n-?d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cottonade</i>.] <def>A somewhat stout and thick fabric of
cotton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ton*a*ry</hw> (-?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to, or composed of, cotton; cottony.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cottonary</i> and woolly pillows.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ton*ous</hw> (-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resembling cotton.</def> [R.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ton*tail`</hw> (k&obreve;t"t'n*t&amacr;l`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American wood
rabbit (<i>Lepus sylvaticus</i>); -- also called <i>Molly
cottontail</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ton*weed`</hw> (-w&emacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Cudweed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ton*wood`</hw> (-w&oocr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American tree of the genus <i>Populus</i>
or poplar, having the seeds covered with abundant cottonlike
hairs; esp., the <i>P. monilifera</i> and <i>P. angustifolia</i>
of the Western United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ton*y</hw> (-?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered with hairs or pubescence, like
cotton; downy; nappy; woolly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to cotton; resembling
cotton in appearance or character; soft, like cotton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"trel</hw> (k?t"tr?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
trammel, or hook to support a pot over a fire.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cot"y*la</hw> (k?t"?-l?), <hw>Cot"y*le</hw> (k?t"?-l?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; anything hollow, cup of a
joint, small meassure: cf. L.  <i>cotyla</i> a measure.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A cuplike cavity or organ. Same as
<u>Acetabulum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot`y*le"don</hw> (k?t`?-l?"d?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr.&?;&?;&?; a cupshaped hollow, fr. &?;&?;&?;. See
<u>Cotyle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the
patches of villi found in some forms of placenta.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leaf borne by the
caulicle or radicle of an embryo; a seed leaf.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many plants, as the bean and the maple, have two
cotyledons, the grasses only one, and pines have several. In one
African plant (<i>Welwitschia</i>) the cotyledons are permanent
and grow to immense proportions.</p>

<p><hw>Cot`y*led"on*al</hw> (k?t`?-l?d"?n-a]/>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a
cotyledon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot`y*led"on*a*ry</hw> (-?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a cotyledon; tufted; as, the <i>cotyledonary</i>
placenta of the cow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot`y*led"on*ous</hw> (-?s; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to a cotyledon or cotyledons; having a seed
lobe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*tyl"i*form</hw> (k?-t?l"?-f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cotyle</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Shaped
like a cotyle or a cup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot`y*lig"er*ous</hw> (k?t`?-l?j"?r-?s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cotyle</i> + <i>-gerous</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having cotyles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"y*loid</hw> (k?t"?-loid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cotyle</i> + <i>-oid</i>] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Shaped like a cup; as, the <i>cotyloid</i> cavity, which
receives the head of the thigh bone.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Pertaining to a cotyloid cavity; as, the <i>cotyloid</i>
ligament, or notch.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cou"cal</hw> (k??"k?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob.
native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, Old World, ground
cuckoo of the genus <i>Centropus</i>, of several
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Couch</hw> (kouch), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Couched</u> (koucht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Couching</u>.] [F. <i>coucher</i> to lay down,
lie down, OF. <i>colchier</i>, fr. L.  <i>collocare</i> to lay,
put, place; <i>col-</i> + <i>locare</i> to place, fr.
<i>locus</i> place. See <u>Locus</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay upon a bed or other resting
place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where unbruised youth, with unstuffed brain,<BR>
Does <i>couch</i> his limbs, there golden sleep doth reign.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To arrange or dispose as in a bed; --
sometimes followed by the reflexive pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The waters <i>couch</i> themselves as may be to
the center of this globe, in a spherical convexity.<BR>
<i>T. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lay or deposit in a bed or layer;
to bed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is at this day in use at Gaza, to <i>couch</i>
potsherds, or vessels of earth, in their walls.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Paper Making)</i> <def>To transfer (as
sheets of partly dried pulp) from the wire cloth mold to a felt
blanket, for further drying.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To conceal; to include or involve
darkly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is all this, and more, that lies naturally
<i>couched</i> under this allegory.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To arrange; to place; to inlay.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To put into some form of language; to
express; to phrase; -- used with <i>in</i> and
<i>under</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A well-<i>couched</i> invective.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I had received a letter from Flora <i>couched</i>
in rather cool terms.<BR>
<i>Blackw. Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To treat by pushing down
or displacing the opaque lens with a needle; as, to <i>couch</i>
a cataract.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To couch a</b></col> <col><b>spear or lance</b></col>,
<cd>to lower to the position of attack; to place in
rest.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He stooped his head, and <i>couched his
spear</i>,<BR>
And spurred his steed to full career.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To couch malt</b></col>, <cd>to spread malt on a
floor.</cd> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Couch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To lie down or recline, as on a bed or other place of rest;
to repose; to lie.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where souls do <i>couch</i> on flowers, we 'll
hand in hand.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If I court moe women, you 'll <i>couch</i> with
moe men.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lie down for concealment; to hide;
to be concealed; to be included or involved darkly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We 'll <i>couch</i> in the castle ditch, till we
see the light of our fairies.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The half-hidden, hallf-revealed wonders, that yet
<i>couch</i> beneath the words of the Scripture.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bend the body, as in reverence,
pain, labor, etc.; to stoop; to crouch.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An aged squire<BR>
That seemed to <i>couch</i> under his shield three-square.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Couch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  <i>couche</i>, OF.
<i>colche</i>, <i>culche</i>, fr. <i>colchier</i>. See
<u>Couch</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bed or place for repose or sleep; particularly, in the United
States, a lounge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gentle sleep . . . why liest thou with the
vile<BR>
In loathsome beds, and leavest the kingly <i>couch</i>?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Like one that wraps the drapery of his
<i>couch</i><BR>
About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams.<BR>
<i>Bryant.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any place for repose, as the lair of a
beast, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mass of steeped barley spread upon a
floor to germinate, in malting; or the floor occupied by the
barley; as, <i>couch</i> of malt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Painting &amp; Gilding)</i> <def>A
preliminary layer, as of color, size, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Couch"an*cy</hw> (kouch"<i>a</i>n-s?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of lying down for repose.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Couch"ant</hw> (kouch"<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F., p. pr. of <i>coucher</i>. See <u>Couch</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lying down with head erect;
squatting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Lying down with the head
raised, which distinguishes the posture of <i>couchant</i> from
that of <i>dormant</i>, or sleeping; -- said of a lion or other
beast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Couchant and levant</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>rising
up and lying down; -- said of beasts, and indicating that they
have been long enough on land, not belonging to their owner, to
lie down and rise up to feed, -- such time being held to include
a day and night at the least.</cd>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cou`ch&eacute;"</hw> (k??`sh?"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F., p. p.  of <i>coucher</i>. See <u>Couch</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> ] <i>(Her.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not erect;
inclined; -- said of anything that is usually erect, as an
escutcheon.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Lying on its side;
thus, a chevron <i>couch&eacute;</i> is one which emerges from
one side of the escutcheon and has its apex on the opposite side,
or at the fess point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Couched</hw> (koucht), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Couch&?;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cou"chee</hw> (k??"sh?; F. k??"sh?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>couch&?;e</i> a sleeping place from <i>coucher</i>. See
<u>Couch</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <def>A reception held at
the time of going to bed, as by a sovereign or great
prince.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i>
<blockquote>The duke's levees and <i>couchees</i> were so crowded
that the antechambers were full.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Couch"er</hw> (kouch"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who couches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paper Manuf.)</i> <def>One who couches
paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. L. <i>collectarius</i>.] <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A factor or agent resident in a
country for traffic.</def> <i>Blount.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The book in which a corporation or other body registers its
particular acts.</def> [Obs.] <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Couch" grass`</hw> (gr?s`). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Quitch grass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Couch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The operation of putting down or displacing
the opaque lens in cataract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Embroidering by laying the materials
upon the surface of the foundation, instead of drawing them
through.</def></p>

<p><hw>Couch"less</hw> (kouch"l?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having no couch or bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cou"dee</hw> (k??"d?; F. k??`d?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>coud&?;e</i>, from <i>coude</i> elbow.] <def>A measure of
length; the distance from the elbow to the end of the middle
finger; a cubit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cou"gar</hw> (k??"g?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>couguar</i>, from the native name in the South American
dialects, <i>cuguacuara</i>, <i>cuguacuarana</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American feline quadruped (<i>Felis
concolor</i>), resembling the African panther in size and habits.
Its color is tawny, without spots; hence writers often called it
the <i>American lion</i>. Called also <i>puma</i>,
<i>panther</i>, <i>mountain lion</i>, and <i>catamount</i>. See
<u>Puma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cough</hw> (k?f), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Coughed</u> (k?ft); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coughing</u>.] [Cf. D. <i>kuchen</i>, MHG.
<i>k&?;chen</i> to breathe, G. <i>keuchen</i> to pant, and E.
<i>chincough</i>, the first part of which is prob. akin to
<i>cough</i>; cf. also E. <i>choke</i>.] <def>To expel air, or
obstructing or irritating matter, from the lungs or air passages,
in a noisy and violent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cough</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To expel from the lungs or air passages by coughing; --
followed by <i>up</i>; as, to <i>cough</i> up phlegm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring to a specified state by
coughing; as, he <i>coughed</i> himself hoarse.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To cough down</b></col>, <cd>to silence or put down
(an objectionable speaker) by simulated coughing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cough</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cg. D.  <i>kuch</i>. See
<u>Cough</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sudden, noisy, and violent expulsion of air from the chest,
caused by irritation in the air passages, or by the reflex action
of nervous or gastric disorder, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The more or less frequent repetition
of coughing, constituting a symptom of disease.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stomach cough</b></col>, <col><b>Ear cough</b></col>,
<cd>cough due to irritation in the stomach or ear.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cough"er</hw> (k?f"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
coughs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cou"hage</hw> (kou"?j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cowhage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Could</hw> (k??d), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Can</u>.
[OF. <i>coude</i>. The <i>l</i> was inserted by mistake, under
the influence of <i>should</i> and <i>would</i>.] <def>Was,
should be, or would be, able, capable, or susceptible. Used as an
auxiliary, in the past tense or in the conditional
present.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cou`lee"</hw> (k??`l?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>coul&eacute;e</i>, fr. <i>couler</i> to run or flow.] <def>A
stream</def>; <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>a stream of lava. Also, in the
Western United States, the bed of a stream, even if dry, when
deep and having inclined sides; distinguished from a
<i>ca&ntilde;on</i>, which has precipitous sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cou*lisse"</hw> (k??-l?s"; F. k??`l?s"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>couler</i> to flow, glide.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of timber having a groove in
which something glides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the side scenes of the stage in
a theater, or the space included between the side
scenes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cou`loir"</hw> (k??`lw?r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a
strainer.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A deep gorge; a
gully.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hydraul. Engin.)</i> <def>A dredging
machine for excavating canals, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cou`lomb"</hw> (k??`l?n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Coulomb</i>, a French physicist and electrican.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>The standard unit of quantity in electrical
measurements. It is the quantity of electricity conveyed in one
second by the current produced by an electro-motive force of one
volt acting in a circuit having a resistance of one ohm, or the
quantity transferred by one amp&egrave;re in one second. Formerly
called <i>weber</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coul"ter</hw> (k&omacr;l"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Colter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coul"ter*neb`</hw> (-n&ebreve;b`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The puffin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cou*mar"ic</hw> (k??-m?r"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to, derived from, or like, the <i>Dipterix
odorata</i>, a tree of Guiana.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coumaric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>one of a
series of aromatic acids, related to cinnamic acid, the most
important of which is a white crystalline substance,
HO.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>.CO<sub>2
</sub>H, obtained from the tonka bean, sweet clover, etc., and
also produced artificially.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cou"ma*rin</hw> (k&oomac;"m&adot;*r&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>coumarou</i>, a tree of Guiana.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The concrete essence of the tonka bean, the
fruit of <i>Dipterix (formerly Coumarouna) odorata</i> and
consisting essentially of coumarin proper, which is a white
crystalline substance, C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub>,
of vanilla-like odor, regarded as an anhydride of coumaric acid,
and used in flavoring. Coumarin in also made
artificially.</def></p>

<p><! p. 331 !></p>

<p><hw>Coun"cil</hw> (koun"s&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>concile</i>, fr. L. <i>concilium</i>; <i>con-</i> +
<i>calare</i> to call, akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?; to call, and E.
<i>hale</i>, v., <i>haul</i>. Cf. <u>Conciliate</u>. This word is
often confounded with <i>counsel</i>, with which it has no
connection.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An assembly of men summoned or
convened for consultation, deliberation, or advice; as, a
<i>council</i> of physicians for consultation in a critical
case.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body of man elected or appointed to
constitute an advisory or a legislative assembly; as, a
governor's <i>council</i>; a city <i>council</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An old lord of the <i>council</i> rated me the
other day.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Act of deliberating; deliberation;
consultation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Satan . . . void of rest,<BR>
His potentates to <i>council</i> called by night.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>O great in action and in <i>council</i> wise.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Aulic council</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Aulic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cabinet council</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Cabinet</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>City council</b></col>,
<cd>the legislative branch of a city government, usually
consisting of a board of aldermen and common council, but
sometimes otherwise constituted.</cd> -- <col><b>Common
council</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Common</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Council board</b></col>, <col><b>Council table</b></col>,
<cd>the table round which a council holds consultation; also, the
council itself in deliberation.</cd> -- <col><b>Council
chamber</b></col>, <cd>the room or apartment in which a council
meets.</cd> -- <col><b>Council fire</b></col>, <cd>the ceremonial
fire kept burning while the Indians hold their councils.</cd>
[U.S.] <i>Bartlett.</i> -- <col><b>Council of war</b></col>,
<cd>an assembly of officers of high rank, called to consult with
the commander in chief in regard to measures or importance or
nesessity.</cd> -- <col><b>Ecumenical council</b></col>
<i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>an assembly of prelates or divines convened
from the whole body of the church to regulate matters of doctrine
or discipline.</cd> -- <col><b>Executive council</b></col>, <cd>a
body of men elected as advisers of the chief magistrate, whether
of a State or the nation.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Legislative
council</b></col>, <cd>the upper house of a legislature, usually
called the <i>senate</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Privy
council</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Privy</u>.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Assembly; meeting; congress; diet; parliament;
convention; convocation; synod.</p>

<p><hw>Coun"cil*ist</hw> (koun"s?l-?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who belongs to a council; one who gives an
opinion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will in three months be an expert
<i>counsilist</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"cil*man</hw> (koun"s&ibreve;l*m<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Councilmen</b></plw> (-
m<i>e</i>n). <def>A member of a council, especially of the common
council of a city; a councilor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"cil*or</hw> (koun"s?l-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A member of a council.</def> [Written also
<i>councillor</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The distinction between <i>councilor</i>, a member of a
council, and <i>counselor</i>, one who gives counsel, was not
formerly made, but is now very generally recognized and
observed.</p>

<p><hw>Co`-une"</hw> (k?`?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>co-
</i> + <i>unus</i> one.] <def>To combine or unite.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Co-uned</i> together."  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`-u*nite"</hw> (k?`?-n?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To unite.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Co`-u*nite"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>United closely
with another.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Coun"sel</hw> (koun"s&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>conseil</i>, F.  <i>conseil</i>, fr. L. <i>consilium</i>, fr.
the root of <i>consulere</i> to consult, of uncertain origin. Cf.
<u>Consult</u>, <u>Consul</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Interchange of opinions; mutual advising;
consultation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the chief priest and elders of the people took
<i>counsel</i> against Jesus, to put him to death.<BR>
<i>Matt. xxvii. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Examination of consequences; exercise
of deliberate judgment; prudence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They all confess, therefore, in the working of
that first cause, that <i>counsel</i> is used.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Result of consultation; advice;
instruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I like thy <i>counsel</i>; well hast thou
advised.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>It was ill <i>counsel</i> had misled the girl.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Deliberate purpose; design; intent;
scheme; plan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>counsel</i> of the Lord standeth
forever.<BR>
<i>Ps. xxxiii. 11.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>counsels</i> of the wicked are deceit.<BR>
<i>Prov. xii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A secret opinion or purpose; a private
matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thilke lord . . . to whom no <i>counsel</i> may be
hid.<BR>
<i>Gower.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>One who gives advice, especially in
legal matters; one professionally engaged in the trial or
management of a cause in court; also, collectively, the legal
advocates united in the management of a case; as, the defendant
has able <i>counsel</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The King found his <i>counsel</i> as refractory as
his judges.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; In some courts a distinction is observed between the
attorney and the counsel in a cause, the former being employed in
the management of the more mechanical parts of the suit, the
latter in attending to the pleadings, managing the cause at the
trial, and in applying the law to the exigencies of the case
during the whole progress of the suit. In other courts the same
person can exercise the powers of each. See <u>Attorney</u>.
<i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In counsel</b></col>, <cd>in secret.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To keep counsel</b></col>, or
<col><b>To keep one's own counsel</b></col>, <cd>to keep one's
thoughts, purposes, etc., undisclosed.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The players can not <i>keep counsel</i>: they 'll
tell all.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Advice; consideration; consultation; purpose;
scheme; opinion.</p>

<p><hw>Coun"sel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Counseled</u> (-s&ebreve;ld) or
<u>Counselled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Counseling</u> or <u>Counselling</u>.] [OE. <i>conseilen</i>,
<i>counseilen</i>, F.  <i>conseiller</i>, fr. L.
<i>consiliari</i>, fr. <i>consilium</i> counsel.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give advice to; to advice, admonish,
or instruct, as a person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good sir, I do in friendship <i>counsel</i>
you<BR>
To leave this place.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To advise or recommend, as an act or
course.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They who <i>counsel</i> war.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus Belial, with words clothed in reason's
garb,<BR>
<i>Counseled</i> ignoble ease and peaceful sloth.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"sel*a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Written also <i>counsellable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Willing to receive counsel or follow advice.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Few men of so great parts were upon all occasions
more <i>counselable</i> than he.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suitable to be advised; advisable,
wise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He did not believe it <i>counselable</i>.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"sel*or</hw> (koun"s&ebreve;l*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>counsellor</i>.] [OE.
<i>conseiler</i>, F.  <i>conseiller</i>, fr. L.
<i>consiliarius</i>, fr. consilium counsel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who counsels; an adviser.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can he that speaks with the tongue of an enemy be
a good <i>counselor</i>, or no?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of council; one appointed to
advise a sovereign or chief magistrate. [See under
<u>Consilor</u>.]</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One whose profession is to give advice
in law, and manage causes for clients in court; a
barrister.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good <i>counselors</i> lack no clients.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"sel*or*ship</hw> (koun"s?l-?r-sh?p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The function and rank or office of a
counselor.</def>
 <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Count</hw> (kount), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Counted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Counting</u>.] [OF. <i>conter</i>, and later
(etymological spelling) <i>compter</i>, in modern French thus
distinguished; <i>conter</i> to relate (cf. <u>Recount</u>,
<u>Account</u>), <i>compter</i> to count; fr. L.
<i>computuare</i> to reckon, compute; <i>com-</i> + <i>putare</i>
to reckon, settle, order, prune, orig., to clean. See
<u>Pure</u>, and cf. <u>Compute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
tell or name one by one, or by groups, for the purpose of
ascertaining the whole number of units in a collection; to
number; to enumerate; to compute; to reckon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who can <i>count</i> the dust of Jacob?<BR>
<i>Num. xxiii. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In a journey of forty miles, Avaux <i>counted</i>
only three miserable cabins.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place to an account; to ascribe or
impute; to consider or esteem as belonging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abracham believed God, and it was <i>counted</i>
unto him for righteousness.<BR>
<i>Rom. iv. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To esteem; to account; to reckon; to
think, judge, or consider.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>count</i> myself in nothing else so happy<BR>
As in a soul remembering my good friends.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To count out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
exclude (one) from consideration; to be assured that (one) will
not participate or cannot be depended upon.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(House of Commons)</i> <cd>To declare
adjourned, as a sitting of the House, when it is ascertained that
a quorum is not present.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To prevent
the accession of (a person) to office, by a fraudulent return or
count of the votes cast; -- said of a candidate really
elected.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To calculate; number; reckon; compute;
enumerate. See <u>Calculate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Count</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To number or be counted; to possess value or carry weight;
hence, to increase or add to the strength or influence of some
party or interest; as, every vote <i>counts</i>; accidents
<i>count</i> for nothing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This excellent man . . . <i>counted</i> among the
best and wisest of English statesmen.<BR>
<i>J. A. Symonds.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reckon; to rely; to depend; -- with
<i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was brewer to the palace; and it was
apprehended that the government <i>counted</i> on his voice.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I think it a great error to <i>count</i> upon the
genius of a nation as a standing argument in all ages.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take account or note; -- with</def>
<i>of</i>. [Obs.] "No man <i>counts</i> of her beauty."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>To plead orally; to
argue a matter in court; to recite a count.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Count</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>conte</i> and
<i>compte</i>, with different meanings, fr. L. <i>computus</i> a
computation, fr. <i>computare</i>. See <u>Count</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of numbering;
reckoning; also, the number ascertained by counting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of blessed saints for to increase the
<i>count</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By this <i>count</i>, I shall be much in
years.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An object of interest or account;
value; estimation.</def> [Obs.] "All his care and <i>count</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A formal statement of the
plaintiff's case in court; in a more technical and correct sense,
a particular allegation or charge in a declaration or indictment,
separately setting forth the cause of action or
prosecution.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the old law books, <i>count</i> was used
synonymously with <i>declaration</i>. When the plaintiff has but
a single cause of action, and makes but one statement of it, that
statement is called indifferently <i>count</i> or
<i>declaration</i>, most generally, however, the latter. But
where the suit embraces several causes, or the plaintiff makes
several different statements of the same cause of action, each
statement is called a <i>count</i>, and all of them combined, a
<i>declaration</i>.  <i>Bouvier. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Count</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>conte</i>, fr. L.
<i>comes</i>, <i>comitis</i>, associate, companion, one of the
imperial court or train, properly, one who goes with another;
<i>com-</i> + <i>ire</i> to go, akin to Skr. <i>i</i> to go.]
<def>A nobleman on the continent of Europe, equal in rank to an
English earl.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Though the tittle <i>Count</i> has never been
introduced into Britain, the wives of Earls have, from the
earliest period of its history, been designated as
<i>Countesses</i>.  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Count palatine</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Formerly, the proprietor of a county who possessed royal
prerogatives within his county, as did the Earl of Chester, the
Bishop of Durham, and the Duke of Lancaster.</cd> [Eng.] See
<i>County palatine</i>, under <u>County</u>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Originally, a high judicial officer of the German emperors;
afterward, the holder of a fief, to whom was granted the right to
exercise certain imperial powers within his own domains.</cd>
[Germany]</p>

<p><hw>Count"a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being numbered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"te*nance</hw> (koun"t&esl;*n<i>a</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>contenance</i>, <i>countenaunce</i>,
demeanor, composure, F. <i>contenance</i> demeanor, fr. L.
<i>continentia</i> continence, LL. also, demeanor, fr. L.
<i>continere</i> to hold together, repress, contain. See
<u>Contain</u>, and cf. <u>Continence</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Appearance or expression of the face; look; aspect;
mien.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake the Son, and into terror changed<BR>
His <i>countenance</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The face; the features.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>countenance</i> somewhat doth resemble
you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Approving or encouraging aspect of
face; hence, favor, good will, support; aid;
encouragement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast made him . . . glad with thy
<i>countenance</i>.<BR>
<i>Ps. xxi. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the magistrate's peculiar province, to
give <i>countenance</i> to piety and virtue, and to rebuke
vice.<BR>
<i>Atterbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Superficial appearance; show;
pretense.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The election being done, he made
<i>countenance</i> of great discontent thereat.<BR>
<i>Ascham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>In countenance</b></col>, <cd>in an assured condition
or aspect; free from shame or dismay.</cd> "It puts the learned
<i>in countenance</i>, and gives them a place among the
fashionable part of mankind." <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>Out of
countenance</b></col>, <cd>not bold or assured; confounded;
abashed.</cd> "Their best friends were <i>out of countenance</i>,
because they found that the imputations . . . were well
grounded." <i>Clarendon.</i> -- <col><b>To keep the
countenance</b></col>, <cd>to preserve a composed or natural
look, undisturbed by passion or emotion.</cd> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"te*nance</hw> (koun"t?-n<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Countenanced</u>
(-n<i>a</i>nst); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Countenancing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To encourage; to
favor; to approve; to aid; to abet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This conceit, though <i>countenanced</i> by
learned men, is not made out either by experience or reason.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Error supports custom, custom <i>countenances</i>
error.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a show of; to pretend.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which to these ladies love did
<i>countenance</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"te*nan*cer</hw> (-n<i>a</i>n-s?r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who countenances, favors, or
supports.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter</hw> (koun"t?r-). [See <u>Counter</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> ] <def>A prefix meaning <i>contrary</i>,
<i>opposite</i>, <i>in opposition</i>; as, <i>counter</i>act,
<i>counter</i>balance, <i>counter</i>check. See <u>Counter</u>,
<pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Count"er</hw> (koun"t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>countere</i>, <i>countour</i>, a counter (in sense 1), OF.
<i>contere</i>, <i>conteor</i>, fr. <i>conter</i> to count. See
<u>Count</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who counts, or reckons up; a calculator; a
reckoner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of metal, ivory, wood, or
bone, used in reckoning, in keeping account of games,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The old gods of our own race whose names . . .
serve as <i>counters</i> reckon the days of the week.<BR>
<i>E. B. Tylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What comes the wool to? . . . I can not do it
without <i>counters</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Money; coin; -- used in
contempt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To lock such rascal <i>counters</i> from his
friends.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A prison; either of two prisons
formerly in London.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anne Aysavugh . . . imprisoned in the
<i>Counter</i>.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A telltale; a contrivance attached to
an engine, printing press, or other machine, for the purpose of
counting the revolutions or the pulsations.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>countour</i>,
OF. <i>contouer</i>, <i>comptouer</i>, F. <i>comptoir</i>, LL.
<i>computatorium</i>, prop., a computing place, place of
accounts, fr. L. <i>computare</i>. See <u>Count</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>A table or board on which money is counted and
over which business is transacted; a long, narrow table or bench,
on which goods are laid for examination by purchasers, or on
which they are weighed or measured.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F. <i>contre</i>,
fr. L. <i>contra</i> against. Cf. <u>Contra-</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contrary; in opposition; in an opposite
direction; contrariwise; -- used chiefly with <i>run</i> or
<i>go</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Running <i>counter</i> to all the rules of
virtue.<BR>
<i>Locks.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the wrong way; contrary to the
right course; as, a hound that runs <i>counter</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is <i>counter</i>, you false Danish dogs!<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>At or against the front or face.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which [darts] they never throw <i>counter</i>, but
at the back of the flier.<BR>
<i>Sandys.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contrary;
opposite; contrasted; opposed; adverse; antagonistic; as, a
<i>counter</i> current; a <i>counter</i> revolution; a
<i>counter</i> poison; a <i>counter</i> agent; <i>counter</i>
fugue.</def> "Innumerable facts attesting the <i>counter</i>
principle."  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Counter approach</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>a
trench or work pushed forward from defensive works to meet the
approaches of besiegers. See <u>Approach</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Counter bond</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>in old practice,
a bond to secure one who has given bond for another.</cd> --
<col><b>Counter brace</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Counter brace</u>, in
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Counter deed</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>a secret writing which destroys, invalidates, or alters, a
public deed.</cd> -- <col><b>Counter distinction</b></col>,
<cd>contradistinction.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Counter
drain</b></col>, <cd>a drain at the foot of the embankment of a
canal or watercourse, for carrying off the water that may soak
through.</cd> -- <col><b>Counter extension</b></col>
<i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>the fixation of the upper part of a limb,
while extension is practiced on the lower part, as in cases of
luxation or fracture.</cd> -- <col><b>Counter fissure</b></col>
<i>(Surg.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Contrafissure</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Counter indication</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Contraindication</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Counter
irritant</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an irritant to produce a
blister, a pustular eruption, or other irritation in some part of
the body, in order to relieve an existing irritation in some
other part.</cd> "<i>Counter irritants</i> are of as great use in
moral as in physical diseases." <i>Macaulay.</i> --
<col><b>Counter irritation</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the act
or the result of applying a <i>counter irritant</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Counter opening</b></col>, <cd>an aperture or vent on the
opposite side, or in a different place.</cd> -<col><b>Counter
parole</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a word in addition to the
password, given in time of alarm as a signal.</cd> --
<col><b>Counter plea</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a replication to
a plea.</cd> <i>Cowell.</i> -- <col><b>Counter
pressure</b></col>, <cd>force or pressure that acts in a contrary
direction to some other opposing pressure.</cd> --
<col><b>Counter project</b></col>, <cd>a project, scheme, or
proposal brought forward in opposition to another, as in the
negotiation of a treaty.</cd> <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Counter
proof</b></col>, <cd>in engraving, a print taken off from another
just printed, which, by being passed through the press, gives a
copy in reverse, and of course in the same position as that of
plate from which the first was printed, the object being to
enable the engraver to inspect the state of the plate.</cd> --
<col><b>Counter revolution</b></col>, <cd>a revolution opposed to
a former one, and restoring a former state of things.</cd> --
<col><b>Counter revolutionist</b></col>, <cd>one engaged in, or
befriending, a counter revolution.</cd> -- <col><b>Counter
round</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a body of officers whose duty
it is to visit and inspect the rounds and sentinels.</cd> --
<col><b>Counter sea</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a sea running
in an opposite direction from the wind.</cd> -- <col><b>Counter
sense</b></col>, <cd>opposite meaning.</cd> -- <col><b>Counter
signal</b></col>, <cd>a signal to answer or correspond to
another.</cd> -- <col><b>Counter signature</b></col>, <cd>the
name of a secretary or other officer countersigned to a
writing.</cd> <i>Tooke.</i> -- <col><b>Counter slope</b></col>,
<cd>an overhanging slope; as, a wall with a <i>counter
slope</i>.</cd> <i>Mahan.</i> -- <col><b>Counter
statement</b></col>, <cd>a statement made in opposition to, or
denial of, another statement.</cd> -- <col><b>Counter
surety</b></col>, <cd>a counter bond, or a surety to secure one
who has given security.</cd> -- <col><b>Counter tally</b></col>,
<cd>a tally corresponding to another.</cd> -- <col><b>Counter
tide</b></col>, <cd>contrary tide.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Counter</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, <u>Contra</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The after part of a vessel's body, from the
water line to the stern, -- below and somewhat forward of the
stern proper.</def></p>

<p><! p. 332 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Contra</u>.
Formerly used to designate any under part which served for
contrast to a principal part, but now used as equivalent to
<i>counter tenor</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>The breast, or that part
of a horse between the shoulders and under the neck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The back leather or heel part of a
boot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter</hw> (koun"t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
encounter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With kindly <i>counter</i> under mimic shade.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Boxing)</i>
<def>To return a blow while receiving one, as in
boxing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His left hand <i>countered</i> provokingly.<BR>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*act"</hw> (koun`t?r-?kt"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Counteracted</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Counteracting</u>.] <def>To
act in opposition to; to hinder, defeat, or frustrate, by
contrary agency or influence; as, to <i>counteract</i> the effect
of medicines; to <i>counteract</i> good advice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*ac"tion</hw> (koun`t?r-?k"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Action in opposition; hindrance
resistance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] do not . . . overcome the
<i>counteraction</i> of a false principle or of stubborn
partiality.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*act"ive</hw> (-?kt"?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tending to counteract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*act"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, counteracts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*act"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
counteraction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*bal"ance</hw> (-b?l"<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Counterbalanced</u> (-<i>a</i>nst); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Counterbalancing</u>.] <def>To oppose with an
equal weight or power; to counteract the power or effect of; to
countervail; to equiponderate; to balance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The remaining air was not able to
<i>counterbalance</i> the mercurial cylinder.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The study of mind is necessary to
<i>counterbalance</i> and correct the influence of the study of
nature.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*bal`ance</hw> (koun"t?r-b?l`<i>a</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A weight, power, or agency, acting
against or balancing another</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A mass of metal in one side of a driving wheel or fly wheel,
to balance the weight of a crank pin, etc., on the opposite side
of the wheel</def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A counterpoise to
balance the weight of anything, as of a drawbridge or a scale
beam.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Money is the <i>counterbalance</i> to all other
things purchasable by it.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*bore`</hw> (-b?r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flat-bottomed cylindrical enlargement
of the mouth of a hole, usually of slight depth, as for receiving
a cylindrical screw head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of pin drill with the cutting
edge or edges normal to the axis; -- used for enlarging a hole,
or for forming a flat-bottomed recess at its mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*bore"</hw> (koun`t?r-b?r"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To form a counterbore in, by boring, turning,
or drilling; to enlarge, as a hole, by means of a
counterbore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter brace`</hw> (br?s`). <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The brace of the fore-topsail on the leeward
side of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>A brace, in a framed
structure, which resists a strain of a character opposite to that
which a main brace is designed to receive.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a quadrilateral system of bracing, the <i>main
brace</i> is usually in the direction of one diagonal, and the
<i>counter brace</i> in the direction of the other. Strains in
counter braces are occasioned by the live load only, as, in a
roof, by the wind, or, in a bridge, by a moving train.</p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*brace`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To brace in opposite
directions; as, to <i>counterbrace</i> the yards, <i>i. e.</i>,
to brace the head yards one way and the after yards
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>To brace in such a way
that opposite strains are resisted; to apply counter braces
to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*buff"</hw> (koun`t?r-b?f"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To strike or drive back or in an opposite
direction; to stop by a blow or impulse in front.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*buff`</hw> (koun"t?r-b?f`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A blow in an opposite direction; a stroke that stops motion
or cause a recoil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*cast`</hw> (koun"t?r-k?st`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A trick; a delusive contrivance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*cast`er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
caster of accounts; a reckoner; a bookkeeper; -- used
contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*change"</hw> (koun`t&etilde;r*ch&amacr;nj),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Counterchanged</u> (-ch?njd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Counterchanging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
give and receive; to cause to change places; to
exchange.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To checker; to diversify, as in
heraldic counterchanging. See <u>Counterchaged</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Witch-elms, that <i>counterchange</i> the
floor<BR>
Of this flat lawn with dusk and bright.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*change`</hw> (koun"t&etilde;r*ch&amacr;nj`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Exchange; reciprocation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*changed"</hw> (-ch?njd"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exchanged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having the tinctures
exchanged mutually; thus, if the field is divided palewise,
<i>or</i> and <i>azure</i>, and cross is borne
<i>counterchanged</i>, that part of the cross which comes on the
<i>azure</i> side will be <i>or</i>, and that on the <i>or</i>
side will be <i>azure</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*charge`</hw> (koun"t?r-ch?rj`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An opposing charge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*charm"</hw> (koun`t?r-ch?rm"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Countercharmed</u> (-ch?rmd`); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Countercharming</u>.] <def>To destroy the effect
of a charm upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*charm`</hw> (koun"t?r-ch?rm`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which has the power of destroying
the effect of a charm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*check"</hw> (koun`t?r-ch?k"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Counterchecked</u> (-ch?ckt"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Counterchecking</u>.] <def>To oppose or check by
some obstacle; to check by a return check.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*check`</hw> (koun"t?r-ch?k`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A check; a stop; a
rebuke, or censure to check a reprover.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any force or device designed to
restrain another restraining force; a check upon a
check.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The system of checks and <i>counterchecks</i>.<BR>
<i>J. H. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*claim`</hw> (-kl&amacr;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A claim made by a person as an offset to a
claim made on him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter-com*po`ny</hw> (-k&obreve;m*p&omacr;`n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>See
<u>Compony</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter-couch`ant</hw>
(koun"t&etilde;r*kouch"<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Lying down, with their heads in opposite
directions; -- said of animals borne in a coat of arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter-cou*rant"</hw> (-k??-r?nt"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Running in opposite directions; -- said of
animals borne in a coast of arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*cur`rent</hw> (koun"t?r-k?r`-r<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Running in an opposite
direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*cur`rent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
current running in an opposite direction to the main
current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*draw"</hw> (koun`t&etilde;r*dr&add;"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Counterdrew</u> (-
dr&udd;"); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Counterdrawn</u> (-dr?n");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Counterdrawing</u>.] <def>To
copy, as a design or painting, by tracing with a pencil on oiled
paper, or other transparent substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*fai"sance</hw> (koun"t?r-f?"<i>za</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Counterfesance</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*feit</hw> (koun"t?r-f?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F. <i>contrefait</i>, p. p. of <i>contrefaire</i> to
counterfeit; <i>contre</i> (L. <i>contra</i>) + <i>faire</i> to
make, fr. L. <i>facere</i>. See <u>Counter</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, and <u>Fact</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Representing by imitation or likeness;
having a resemblance to something else; portrayed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look here upon this picture, and on this-<BR>
The <i>counterfeit</i> presentment of two brothers.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fabricated in imitation of something
else, with a view to defraud by passing the false copy for
genuine or original; as, <i>counterfeit</i> antiques;
<i>counterfeit</i> coin.</def> "No <i>counterfeit</i> gem."
<i>Robinson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Assuming the appearance of something;
false; spurious; deceitful; hypocritical; as, a
<i>counterfeit</i> philanthropist.</def> "An arrant
<i>counterfeit</i> rascal."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Forged; fictitious; spurious; false.</p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*feit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles or is like another
thing; a likeness; a portrait; a counterpart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou drawest a <i>counterfeit</i><BR>
Best in all Athens.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Even Nature's self envied the same,<BR>
And grudged to see the <i>counterfeit</i> should shame<BR>
The thing itself.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is made in imitation of
something, with a view to deceive by passing the false for the
true; as, the bank note was a <i>counterfeit</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never call a true piece of gold a
<i>counterfeit</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Some of these <i>counterfeits</i> are fabricated
with such exquisite taste and skill, that it is the achievement
of criticism to distinguish them from originals.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who pretends to be what he is not;
one who personates another; an impostor; a cheat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I fear thou art another <i>counterfeit</i>;<BR>
And yet, in faith, thou bear'st thee like a king.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*feit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Counterfeited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Counterfeiting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
imitate, or put on a semblance of; to mimic; as, to
<i>counterfeit</i> the voice of another person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full well they laughed with <i>counterfeited</i>
glee<BR>
At all his jokes, for many a joke had he.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To imitate with a view to deceiving,
by passing the copy for that which is original or genuine; to
forge; as, to <i>counterfeit</i> the signature of another, coins,
notes, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*feit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry on a deception; to dissemble; to
feign; to pretend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The knave <i>counterfeits</i> well; a good
knave.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make counterfeits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*feit`er</hw> (-f?t`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who counterfeits; one who copies or
imitates; especially, one who copies or forges bank notes or
coin; a forger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The coin which was corrupted by
<i>counterfeiters</i>.<BR>
<i>Camden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who assumes a false appearance or
semblance; one who makes false pretenses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Counterfeiters</i> of devotion.<BR>
<i>Sherwood.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*feit`ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
forgery; falsely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*fe`sance</hw> (-f?"<i>za</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>contrefaisance</i>, fr.
<i>contrefaire</i>. See <u>Counterfeit</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>The act of forging; forgery.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>counterfaisance</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*fleu`ry</hw> (koun"t?r-fl?`r?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>contrefleuri</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Counterflory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*flo`ry</hw> (-fl?`r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Counterfleury</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Adorned with flowers
(usually fleurs-de-lis) so divided that the tops appear on one
side and the bottoms on the others; -- said of any
ordinary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*foil`</hw> (-foil), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Counter-</i> + <i>foil</i> a leaf.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part of a tally, formerly in the
exchequer, which was kept by an officer in that court, the other,
called the <i>stock</i>, being delivered to the person who had
lent the king money on the account; -- called also
<i>counterstock</i>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part of a writing (as the stub of
a bank check) in which are noted the main particulars contained
in the corresponding part, which has been issued.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*force`</hw> (-f?rs`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An opposing force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*fort`</hw> (-f?rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A kind of buttress of
masonry to strengthen a revetment wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spur or projection of a
mountain.</def>  <i>Imp. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*gage`</hw> (-g&amacr;j`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Carp.)</i> <def>An adjustable gage, with double points for
transferring measurements from one timber to another, as the
breadth of a mortise to the place where the tenon is to be
made.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*guard`</hw> (koun"t&etilde;r*g&auml;rd`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A low outwork before a
bastion or ravelin, consisting of two lines of rampart parallel
to the faces of the bastion, and protecting them from a breaching
fire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*ir`ri*tant</hw> (-?r"r?-t<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Coun"ter*ir`ri*ta"tion</hw>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Counter irritant</i>, etc.,
under <u>Counter</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*ir"ri*tate</hw> (koun"t&etilde;r-?r"r?-t?t),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To produce counter
irritation in; to treat with one morbid process for the purpose
of curing another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*jump`er</hw> (koun"t&etilde;r-j?mp`?r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A salesman in a shop; a shopman; --
used contemptuously.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*man</hw> (koun"t&etilde;r*m<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Countermen</b></plw> (-
m<i>e</i>n). <def>A man who attends at the counter of a shop to
sell goods.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*mand"</hw> (koun`t&etilde;r*m&adot;nd"),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Countermanded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Countermanding</u>.] [F. <i>contremander</i>; <i>contre</i>
(L. <i>contra</i>) + <i>mander</i> to command, fr. L.
<i>mandare</i>. Cf. <u>Mandate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
revoke (a former command); to cancel or rescind by giving an
order contrary to one previously given; as, to <i>countermand</i>
an order for goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prohibit; to forbid.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Avicen <i>countermands</i> letting blood in
choleric bodies.<BR>
<i>Harvey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To oppose; to revoke the command
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For us to alter anything, is to lift ourselves
against God; and, as it were, to <i>countermand</i> him.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*mand</hw> (koun"t&etilde;r*m&adot;nd),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contrary order; revocation of a
former order or command.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have you no <i>countermand</i> for Claudio
yet,<BR>
But he must die to-morrow?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*mand"a*ble</hw> (-m?nd"?-b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being countermanded;
revocable.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*march"</hw> (koun`t?r-m?rch"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Countermarched</u> (-m?rcht"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Countermarching</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To march
back, or to march in reversed order.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The two armies marched and <i>countermarched</i>,
drew near and receded.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*march`</hw> (koun"t?r-m?rch`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A marching back;
retrocession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An evolution by which a
body of troops change front or reverse the direction of march
while retaining the same men in the front rank; also, a movement
by which the rear rank becomes the front one, either with or
without changing the right to the left.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A change of measures; alteration of
conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>countermarches</i> and retractions as we
do not willingly impute to wisdom.<BR>
<i>T. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*mark`</hw> (-m?rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark or token added to those already
existing, in order to afford security or proof; as, an additional
or special mark put upon a package of goods belonging to several
persons, that it may not be opened except in the presence of all;
a mark added to that of an artificer of gold or silver work by
the Goldsmiths' Company of London, to attest the standard quality
of the gold or silver; a mark added to an ancient coin or medal,
to show either its change of value or that it was taken from an
enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An artificial cavity
made in the teeth of horses that have outgrown their natural
mark, to disguise their age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*mark"</hw> (koun`t&etilde;r*m&auml;rk"),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To apply a countermark to; as, to
<i>countermark</i> silverware; to <i>countermark</i> a horse's
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*mine`</hw> (koun"t&etilde;r*m&imacr;n`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Counter-</i> + <i>mine</i> underground
gallery: cf. F. <i>contermine</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An underground gallery excavated to intercept
and destroy the mining of an enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stratagem or plot by which another
sratagem or project is defeated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thinking himself contemned, knowing no
<i>countermine</i> against contempt but terror.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*mine"</hw> (koun`t&etilde;r*m&imacr;n"),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>contreminer</i>.]
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>  <u>Countermined</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Countermining</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To oppose by means of a countermine; to
intercept with a countermine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To frustrate or counteract by secret
measures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*mine"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
a countermine or counterplot; to plot secretly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis hard for man to <i>countermine</i> with
God.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*move"</hw> (koun`t?r-m??v"), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> <def>To move in a contrary direction to.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Coun"ter*move`</hw> (-m??v`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<hw>Coun"ter*move`ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt). } <def>A movement in
opposition to another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*mure`</hw> (-m?r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Counter-</i> + <i>mure</i>: cf. F. <i>contremur</i>.]
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A wall raised behind another, to supply its
place when breached or destroyed. [R.] Cf.
<u>Contramure</u>.</def>  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*mure"</hw> (koun`t?r-m?r"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Countermured</u>
(-m?rd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Countermuring</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>contremurer</i>.] <def>To
fortify with a wall behind another wall.</def> [R.]
<i>Kyd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*nat`u*ral</hw> (koun"t?r-n?t`?-r<i>a</i>l; 135),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contrary to nature.</def> [R.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter-pa`ly</hw> (-p?`l?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>contre-pal&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Paly, and then
divided fesswise, so that each vertical piece is cut into two,
having the colors used alternately or <i>counterchanged</i>. Thus
the escutcheon in the illustration may also be blazoned <i>paly
of six per fess</i> counterchanged <i>argent and
azure</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*pane`</hw> (koun"t?r-p?n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Counterpoint</u>, corrupted into counter<i>pane</i>, from
the employment of <i>pane-</i>shaped figures in these coverlets.
] <def>A coverlet for a bed, -- originally stitched or woven in
squares or figures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On which a tissue <i>counterpane</i> was cast.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*pane`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>contrepan</i> a pledge, security; <i>contre + pan</i> a skirt,
also, a pawn or gage, F. <i>pan</i> a skirt. See <u>Pane</u>, and
cf. <u>Pawn</u>.] <i>(O. Law)</i> <def>A duplicate part or copy
of an indenture, deed, etc., corresponding with the original; --
now called <i>counterpart</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Read, scribe; give me the <i>counterpane</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 333 !></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*part`</hw> (koun"t?r-p?rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A part corresponding to another part;
anything which answers, or corresponds, to another; a copy; a
duplicate; a facsimile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In same things the laws of Normandy agreed with
the laws of England, so that they seem to be, as it were, copies
or <i>counterparts</i> one of another.<BR>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One of two corresponding
copies of an instrument; a duplicate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person who closely resembles
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A thing may be applied to another
thing so as to fit perfectly, as a seal to its impression; hence,
a thing which is adapted to another thing, or which supplements
it; that which serves to complete or complement anything; hence,
a person or thing having qualities lacking in another; an
opposite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>counterpart</i><BR>
Of our soft sex, well are you made our lords.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*pas`sant</hw> (-p?s"s<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Counter-</i> + <i>passant</i>: cf. F.
<i>contrepassant</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Passant in opposite
directions; -- said of two animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*plead"</hw> (koun`t?r-pl?d"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To plead the contrary of; to plead against; to
deny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*plot"</hw> (koun`t?r-pl?t"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Counterplotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Counterplotting</u>.] <def>To oppose, as another plot, by
plotting; to attempt to frustrate, as a stratagem, by
stratagem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every wile had proved abortive, every plot had
been <i>counterplotted</i>.<BR>
<i>De Quinsey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*plot`</hw> (koun"t?r-pl?t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A plot or artifice opposed to another.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*point`</hw> (koun"t?r-point`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Counter-</i> + <i>point</i>.] <def>An
opposite point</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir E. Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*point`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>contrepoint</i>; cf. It. <i>contrappunto</i>. Cf.
<u>Contrapuntal</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
setting of note against note in harmony; the adding of one or
more parts to a given <i>canto fermo</i> or melody</def>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The art of polyphony, or composite
melody, <i>i. e.</i>, melody not single, but moving attended by
one or more related melodies.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Music in parts; part writing; harmony; polyphonic music. See
<u>Polyphony</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Counterpoint</i>, an invention equivalent to a
new creation of music.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*point`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>contrepoincte</i>, corruption of earlier <i>counstepointe</i>,
<i>countepointe</i>, F. <i>courtepointe</i>, fr. L.
<i>culcita</i> cushion, mattress (see <u>Quilt</u>, and cf.
<u>Cushion</u>) +  <i>puncta</i>, fem. p. p. of <i>pungere</i> to
prick (see <u>Point</u>). The word properly meant a stitched
quilt, with the colors broken one into another.] <def>A coverlet;
a cover for a bed, often stitched or broken into squares; a
counterpane.  See 1st <u>Counterpane</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Embroidered coverlets or <i>counterpoints</i> of
purple silk.<BR>
<i>Sir T. North.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*poise`</hw> (koun"t?r-poiz`; 277), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Counterpoised</u>
(-poizd`); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Counterpoising</u>.] [OE.  <i>countrepesen</i>,
<i>counterpeisen</i>, F.  <i>contrepeser</i>. See <u>Counter</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, and <u>Poise</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To act against with equal weight; to
equal in weight; to balance the weight of; to
counterbalance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Weights, <i>counterpoising</i> one another.<BR>
<i>Sir K. Digby.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act against with equal power; to
balance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So many freeholders of English will be able to
beard and <i>counterpoise</i> the rest.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*poise`</hw> (koun"t?r-poiz`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>countrepese</i>, OF.
<i>contrepois</i>, F.  <i>contrepods</i>. See <u>Counter</u>,
<i>adv</i>., and <u>Poise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A weight sufficient to balance another,
as in the opposite scale of a balance; an equal weight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fastening that to our exact balance, we put a
metalline <i>counterpoise</i> into the opposite scale.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An equal power or force acting in
opposition; a force sufficient to balance another
force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The second nobles are a <i>counterpoise</i> to the
higher nobility, that they grow not too potent.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The relation of two weights or forces
which balance each other; equilibrium; equiponderance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pendulous round eart, with balanced air,<BR>
In <i>counterpoise</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*pole`</hw> (-p?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
exact opposite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The German prose offers the <i>counterpole</i> to
the French style.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*pon"der*ate</hw> (-p?n"d?r-?t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To equal in weight; to counterpoise; to
equiponderate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*prove"</hw> (koun`t?r-pr??v"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Counterproved</u>
(-pr??vd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Counterproving</u>.] <def>To take a counter proof of, or a
copy in reverse, by taking an impression directly from the face
of an original.  See <i>Counter proof</i>, under
<u>Counter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>counterrevolutionary</hw> <hw>counter-revolutionary</hw>
<pos><i>adj.</i></pos> <def>marked by opposition or antipathy to
revolution; as, ostracized for his <i>counterrevolutionary</i>
tendencies. Opposite of <i>revolutionary</i>.</def><BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter-roll`</hw> (-r?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Control</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A duplicate roll
(record or account) kept by an officer as a check upon another
officer's roll.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p>&fist; As a verb this word is contracted into <i>control</i>.
See <u>Control</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*rol"ment</hw> (koun`t?r-r?l"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A counter account. See
<u>Control</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter-sa"li*ent</hw> (-s?"l?-e]/>nt or -
s?l"y<i>e</i>nt; 106), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Leaping from each other; -- said of two figures on a coat of
arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*scale`</hw> (koun"t?r-sk?l`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Counterbalance; balance, as of one
scale against another.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*scarf`</hw> (-sk?rf`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Counter-</i> + <i>scarp</i>: cf. F. <i>contrescarpe</i>.]
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The exterior slope or wall of the ditch; --
sometimes, the whole covered way, beyond the ditch, with its
parapet and glacis; as, the enemy have lodged themselves on the
<i>counterscarp</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*seal"</hw> (koun`t?r-s?l"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Countersealed</u>
(-s?ld"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Countersealing</u>.] <def>To seal or ratify with another or
others.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*se*cure"</hw> (-s?-k?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To give additional security to or for.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*shaft`</hw> (koun"t?r-sh?ft`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>An intermediate shaft;
esp., one which receives motion from a line shaft in a factory
and transmits it to a machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*sign"</hw> (-s?n`; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Countersigned</u> (-s?nd`);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Countersigning</u>.]
[<i>Counter-</i> + <i>sign</i>: cf. F.  <i>contresigner</i>.]
<def>To sign on the opposite side of (an instrument or writing);
hence, to sign in addition to the signature of a principal or
superior, in order to attest the authenticity of a
writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*sign`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The signature of a secretary or other
officer to a writing signed by a principal or superior, to attest
its authenticity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A private signal, word,
or phrase, which must be given in order to pass a sentry; a
watchword.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*sink`</hw> (koun"t&etilde;r*s&ibreve;&nsm;k`;
277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Countersunk</u> (-s&ubreve;&nsm;k`); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos>  <u>Countersinking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
chamfer or form a depression around the top of (a hole in wood,
metal, etc.) for the reception of the head of a screw or bolt
below the surface, either wholly or in part; as, to
<i>countersink</i> a hole for a screw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to sink even with or below
the surface; as, to <i>countersink</i> a screw or bolt into
woodwork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*sink`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An enlargement of the upper part of a
hole, forming a cavity or depression for receiving the head of a
screw or bolt.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States a flaring cavity formed by
chamfering the edges of a round hole is called a
<i>countersink</i>, while a cylindrical flat-bottomed enlargement
of the mouth of the hole is usually called <i>a
conterbore</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A drill or cutting tool for
countersinking holes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*stand`</hw> (-st&?;nd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Resistance; opposition; a stand against.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Making <i>counterstand</i> to Robert Guiscard.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*step`</hw> (koun"t?r-st?p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A contrary method of procedure; opposite course of
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*stock`</hw> (-st?k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Counterfoil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*stroke`</hw> (-str?k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A stroke or blow in return.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*sunk`</hw> (-s?nk`), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
from <u>Countersink</u>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Chamfered at the
top; -- said of a hole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sunk into a chamfer; as, a
<i>countersunk</i> bolt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Beveled on the lower side, so as to
fit a chamfered countersink; as, a <i>countersunk</i>
nailhead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*sway`</hw> (-sw&amacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A swaying in a contrary direction; an opposing
influence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>countersway</i> of restraint, curbing their
wild exorbitance.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter ten`or</hw> (t?n`?r). [OF. <i>contreteneur</i>.
Cf. <u>Contratenor</u>, and see <u>Tenor</u> a part in music.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One of the middle parts in music, between the
tenor and the treble; high tenor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Counter-tenor clef</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the C
clef when placed on the third line; -- also called <i>alto
clef</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*term`</hw> (-t?rm`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
term or word which is the opposite of, or antithesis to, another;
an antonym; -- the opposite of <i>synonym</i>; as, "foe" is the
<i>counterterm</i> of "friend".</def>  <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*time`</hw> (-t?m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>The resistance of a horse,
that interrupts his cadence and the measure of his manege,
occasioned by a bad horseman, or the bad temper of the
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resistance; opposition.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Give not shus the <i>countertime</i> to fate.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*trip`pant</hw> (-tr?p`p<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Trippant in opposite
directions. See <u>Trippant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*trip`ping</hw> (-tr?p`p?ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Countertrippant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*turn`</hw> (-t&?;rn`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The critical moment in a play, when, contrary to
expectation, the action is embroiled in new difficulties.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*vail"</hw> (koun`t?r-v?l"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Countervailed</u>
(-v?ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Countervailing</u>.] [OF.  <i>contrevaloir</i>; <i>contre</i>
(L. <i>contra</i>) +  <i>valoir</i> to avail, fr. L.
<i>valere</i> to be strong, avail. See <u>Vallant</u>.] <def>To
act against with equal force, power, or effect; to thwart or
overcome by such action; to furnish an equivalent to or for; to
counterbalance; to compensate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon balancing the account, the profit at last
will hardly <i>countervail</i> the inconveniences that go allong
with it.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*vail`</hw> (koun"t?r-v?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Power or value sufficient to obviate any effect; equal
weight, strength, or value; equivalent; compensation;
requital.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Surely, the present pleasure of a sinful act is a
poor <i>countervail</i> for the bitterness of the review.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*val*la"tion</hw> (-v?l-l?"s??n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>See
<u>Contravallation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*view`</hw> (koun"t?r-v?`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opposite or opposing view; opposition;
a posture in which two persons front each other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Within the gates of hell sat Death and Sin,<BR>
In <i>counterview</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>M. Peisse has ably advocated the
<i>counterview</i> in his preface and appendix.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A position in which two dissimilar
things illustrate each other by opposition; contrast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have drawn some lines of Linger's character, on
purpose to place it in <i>counterview</i>, or contrast with that
of the other company.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*vote"</hw> (koun`t&etilde;r*v&omacr;t"),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To vote in opposition to; to balance
or overcome by voting; to outvote.</def>  <i>Dr. J.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*wait"</hw> (koun`t&etilde;r*w&amacr;t"),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wait or watch for; to be on guard
against.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*weigh"</hw> (-w&amacr;"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To weigh against; to counterbalance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter *weight`</hw> (-w&amacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A counterpoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*wheel"</hw> (-hw&emacr;l"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To cause to wheel or turn in an
opposite direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun`ter*work"</hw> (-w&ucirc;rk"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To work in opposition to; to
counteract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>counterworks</i> each folly and
caprice.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Count"ess</hw> (kount"?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Countesses</b></plw> (-&?;s). [F.
<i>comtesse</i>.  See <u>Count</u> a nobleman.] <def>The wife of
an earl in the British peerage, or of a count in the Continental
nobility; also, a lady possessed of the same dignity in her own
right. See the Note under <u>Count</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Count"ing*house`</hw> (kount"?ng-hous`),
<hw>Count"ing*room`</hw> (kount"?ng-r??m`), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Count</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<def>The house or room in which a merchant, trader, or
manufacturer keeps his books and transacts business.</def></p>

<p><hw>Count"less</hw> (-l?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incapable of being counted; not ascertainable;
innumerable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Count"or</hw> (kount"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Count</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> (in sense 4).] <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>An advocate or professional pleader; one who
counted for his client, that is, orally pleaded his cause.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Coun*tour"</hw> (k??n-t??r"), <hw>Coun*tour"house`</hw>
(-hous`), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Counter</u>.] <def>A
merchant's office; a countinghouse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"tre-</hw> (koun"ter-). <def>Same as prefix
<u>Counter-</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Coun`tre*plete"</hw> (-pl?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<i>Countre-</i> + <i>plete</i> to plead.] <def>To
counterplead.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"tre*taille`</hw> (koun"t?r-t?l`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>contretaille</i>; <i>contre</i> (L.
<i>contra</i>) +  <i>taille</i> cut. See <u>Tally</u>.] <def>A
counter tally; correspondence (in sound).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>At the countretaille</b></col>, <cd>in return.</cd>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"tri*fied</hw> (k?n"tr?-f?ld), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the appearance and manners of a rustic;
rude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As being one who took no pride,<BR>
And was a deal too <i>countrified</i>.<BR>
<i>Lloyd.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"tri*fy</hw> (k?n"tr?-f?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To give a rural appearance to; to cause to appear
rustic.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"try</hw> (k?n"tr?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Countries</b></plw> (-tr&?;z). [F. <i>contr&eacute;e</i>,
LL. <i>contrata</i>, fr. L.  <i>contra</i> over against, on the
opposite side. Cf. <u>Counter</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>,
<u>Contra</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tract of land; a
region; the territory of an independent nation; (as distinguished
from any other region, and with a personal pronoun) the region of
one's birth, permanent residence, or citizenship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Return unto thy <i>country</i>, and to thy
kindred.<BR>
<i>Gen. xxxxii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I might have learned this by my last exile,<BR>
that change of <i>countries</i> cannot change my state.<BR>
<i>Stirling.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Many a famous realm<BR>
And <i>country</i>, whereof here needs no account<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rural regions, as opposed to a city or
town.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As they walked, on their way into the
<i>country</i>.<BR>
<i>Mark xvi. 12 (Rev. Ver. ).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>God made the <i>covatry</i>, and man made the
town.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Only very great men were in the habit of dividing
the year between town and <i>country</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The inhabitants or people of a state
or a region; the populace; the public. Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
One's constituents. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The whole body of the
electors of state; as, to dissolve Parliament and appeal to the
<i>country</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>country</i> in a general voice<BR>
Cried hate upon him.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
jury, as representing the citizens of a country.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The inhabitants of the district from
which a jury is drawn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>The rock through
which a vein runs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Conclusion to the country</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Conclusion</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To put, or throw, one's self
upon the country</b></col>, <cd>to appeal to one's constituents;
to stand trial before a jury.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Coun"try</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to the regions remote from a city; rural; rustic;
as, a <i>country</i> life; a <i>country</i> town; the
<i>country</i> party, as opposed to city.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of refinement; rude;
unpolished; rustic; not urbane; as, <i>country</i>
manners.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining, or peculiar, to one's own
country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She, bowing herself towards him, laughing the
cruel tyrant to scorn, spake in her <i>country</i> language.<BR>
<i>2 Macc. vii. 27.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"try-base`</hw> (-b?s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Prison base</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"try-dance`</hw> (-d?ns`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob.
an adaptation of <i>contradance</i>.] <def>See
<u>Contradance</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had introduced the English <i>country-dance</i>
to the knowledge of the Dutch ladies.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"try*man</hw> (k&ubreve;n"tr&ibreve;-m<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Countrymen</b></plw> (-
m<i>e</i>n). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant or native of a
region.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One born in the same country with
another; a compatriot; -- used with a possessive
pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In perils of waters, in perils of robbers, in
perils by mine own <i>countrymen</i>.<BR>
<i>2 Cor. xi. 26.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who dwells in the country, as
distinguished from a townsman or an inhabitant of a city; a
rustic; a husbandman or farmer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A simple <i>countryman</i> that brought her
figs.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coun"try seat`</hw> (k?n"tr? s?t`). <def>A dwelling in the
country, used as a place of retirement from the city.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"try*side`</hw> (-s?d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
particular rural district; a country neighborhood.</def> [Eng.]
<i>W. Black. Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coun"try*wom`an</hw> (-w??m`<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Countrywomen</b></plw>
(-w&?;m`&?;n). <def>A woman born, or dwelling, in the country, as
opposed to the city; a woman born or dwelling in the same country
with another native or inhabitant.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Count"-wheel`</hw> (kount"hw?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The wheel in a clock which regulates the number of
strokes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ty</hw> (koun"t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Counties</b></plw> (-t&?;z). [F. <i>comt&?;</i>, fr. LL.
<i>comitatus</i>. See <u>Count</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
earldom; the domain of a count or earl.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A circuit or particular portion of a
state or kingdom, separated from the rest of the territory, for
certain purposes in the administration of justice and public
affairs; -- called also a <i>shire</i>. See
<u>Shire</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>county</i>, every town, every family, was
in agitation.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 334 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A count; an earl or lord.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>County commissioners</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Commissioner</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>County corporate</b></col>,
<cd>a city or town having the privilege to be a county by itself,
and to be governed by its own sheriffs and other magistrates,
irrespective of the officers of the county in which it is
situated; as London, York, Bristol, etc.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Mozley &
W.</i> -- <col><b>County court</b></col>, <cd>a court whose
jurisdiction is limited to county.</cd> -- <col><b>County
palatine</b></col>, <cd>a county distinguished by particular
privileges; -- so called <i>a palatio</i> (from the palace),
because the owner had originally royal powers, or the same
powers, in the administration of justice, as the king had in his
palace; but these powers are now abridged. The counties palatine,
in England, are Lancaster, Chester, and Durham.</cd> --
<col><b>County rates</b></col>, <cd>rates levied upon the county,
and collected by the boards of guardians, for the purpose of
defraying the expenses to which counties are liable, such as
repairing bridges, jails, etc.</cd>  [Eng.] -- <col><b>County
seat</b></col>, <cd>a county town</cd>. [U.S.] -- <col><b>County
sessions</b></col>, <cd>the general quarter sessions of the peace
for each county, held four times a year.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>County town</b></col>, <cd>the town of a county, where
the county business is transacted; a shire town.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Coup</hw> (k??), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.L.
<i>colaphus</i> a cuff, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.] <def>A sudden stroke;
an unexpected device or stratagem; -- a term used in various ways
to convey the idea of promptness and force.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coup de grace</b></col> (k&?;&?;" d<i>e</i> gr&?;s")
[F.], <cd>the stroke of mercy with which an executioner ends by
death the sufferings of the condemned; hence, a decisive,
finishing stroke.</cd> -- <col><b>Coup de main</b></col>
(k&?;&?;` d<i>e</i> m&?;n`) [F.] <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a sudden and
unexpected movement or attack.</cd> -- <col><b>Coup de
soleil</b></col> (k&?;&?;` d s&?;-l&?;l or -l&?;"y') [F.]
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a sunstroke. See <u>Sunstroke</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Coup d'&eacute;tat</b></col> (k&?;&?;" d&?;-t&?;") [F.]
<i>(Politics)</i>, <cd>a sudden, decisive exercise of power
whereby the existing government is subverted without the consent
of the people; an unexpected measure of state, more or less
violent; a stroke of policy.</cd> -- <col><b>Coup
d'&oelig;il</b></col> (k&oomac;` d&etilde;l"). [F.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A single view; a rapid glance of the eye;
a comprehensive view of a scene; as much as can be seen at one
view.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The general effect of a
picture.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>The faculty
or the act of comprehending at a glance the weakness or strength
of a military position, of a certain arrangement of troops, the
most advantageous position for a battlefield, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cou"pa*ble</hw> (k&oomac;"p&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Culpable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cou`p&eacute;"</hw> (k&oomac;`p&asl;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.  <i>coup&eacute;</i>, p. p. of
<i>couper</i> to cut. See <u>Coppice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The front compartment of a French diligence; also, the front
compartment (usually for three persons) of a car or carriage on
British railways.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A four-wheeled close carriage for two
persons inside, with an outside seat for the driver; -- so called
because giving the appearance of a larger carriage cut
off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Couped</hw> (k??pt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>couper</i> to cut.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Cut off smoothly, as
distinguished from erased; -- used especially for the head or
limb of an animal. See <u>Erased</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cou*pee"</hw> (k??-p?"; F. k??`p?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. coup&eacute;, n., properly p. p. of couper to cut. Cf.
<u>Coup&eacute;</u>, <u>Coopee</u>.] <def>A motion in dancing,
when one leg is a little bent, and raised from the floor, and
with the other a forward motion is made.</def>
<i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Coupe`-gorge"</hw> (k??p`g?rzh"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., cut throat.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Any position giving the
enemy such advantage that the troops occupying it must either
surrender or be cut to pieces.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cou"ple</hw> (k?p"'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>couple</i>, fr. L. <i>copula</i> a bond, band; <i>co-</i> +
<i>apere</i>, <i>aptum</i>, to join. See <u>Art</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Copula</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which joins or links two things together; a bond or
tie; a coupler.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is in some sort with friends as it is with dogs
in <i>couples</i>; <i>they should be of the same size and
humor</i>.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll go in <i>couples</i> with her.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Two of the same kind connected or
considered together; a pair; a brace.</def> "A <i>couple</i> of
shepherds."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i>  "A <i>couple</i> of drops"
<i>Addison.</i>  "A <i>couple</i> of miles." <i>Dickens.</i> "A
<i>couple</i> of weeks." <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Adding one to one we have the complex idea of a
<i>couple</i>.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>[Ziba] met him with a <i>couple</i> of asses
saddled.<BR>
<i>2 Sam. xvi. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A male and female associated together;
esp., a man and woman who are married or betrothed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such were our <i>couple</i>, man and wife.<BR>
<i>Lloyd.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair <i>couple</i> linked in happy, nuptial
league.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Couple-
close</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>One of the pairs of
plates of two metals which compose a voltaic battery; -- called a
<i>voltaic couple</i> or <i>galvanic couple</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Two rotations,
movements, etc., which are equal in amount but opposite in
direction, and acting along parallel lines or around parallel
axes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The effect of a <i>couple</i> of forces is to produce a
rotation. A <i>couple</i> of rotations is equivalent to a motion
of translation.</p>

<p><hw>Cou"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Coupled</u> (k?p"'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coupling</u> (-l?ng).] [F. <i>coupler</i>, fr. L.
<i>copulare</i>. See <u>Couple</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Copulate</u>, <u>Cobble</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To link or tie, as one thing to
another; to connect or fasten together; to join.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Huntsman, I charge thee, tender well my hounds, .
. . <BR>
And <i>couple</i> Clowder with the deep-mouthed brach.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To join in wedlock; to marry.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A parson who <i>couples</i> all our beggars.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cou"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come
together as male and female; to copulate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton. Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cou"ple-beg`gar</hw> (-b?g`g?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who makes it his business to marry beggars to each
other.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cou"ple-close`</hw> (k?p"?-kl?s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Couple-closes</b></plw> (-kl&?;"s&?;z).
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A diminutive of the
chevron, containing one fourth of its surface. Couple-closes are
generally borne one on each side of a chevron, and the  blazoning
may then be either a chevron between two couple-closes or chevron
cottised.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A pair of rafters
framed together with a tie fixed at their feet, or with a collar
beam.</def> [Engl.]</p>

<p><hw>Cou"ple*ment</hw> (k?p"'l-m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [Cf. OF.  <i>couplement</i>.] <def>Union;
combination; a coupling; a pair.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And forth together rode, a goodly
<i>couplement</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coup"ler</hw> (k?p"l?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
couples; that which couples, as a link, ring, or shackle, to
connect cars.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coupler of an organ</b></col>, <cd>a contrivance by
which any two or more of the ranks of keys, or keys and pedals,
are connected so as to act together when the organ is
played.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Coup"let</hw> (-l?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>couplet</i>, dim. of <i>couple</i>.  See <u>Couple</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <def>Two taken together; a pair or couple;
especially two lines of verse that rhyme with each
other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sudden <i>couplet</i> rushes on your mind.<BR>
<i>Crabbe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coup"ling</hw> (-l?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of bringing or coming together;
connection; sexual union.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A device or contrivance
which serves to couple or connect adjacent parts or objects; as,
a belt <i>coupling</i>, which connects the ends of a belt; a car
<i>coupling</i>, which connects the cars in a train; a shaft
<i>coupling</i>, which connects the ends of shafts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Box coupling</b></col>, <col><b>Chain
coupling</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Box</u>, Chain.</cd> --
<col><b>Coupling box</b></col>, <cd>a coupling shaped like a
journal box, for clamping together the ends of two shafts, so
that they may revolve together.</cd> -- <col><b>Coupling
pin</b></col>, <cd>a pin or bolt used in coupling or joining
together railroad cars, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cou"pon</hw> (k??"p?n; F. k??`p?n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., fr.  <i>couper</i> to cut, cut off. See <u>Coppice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A certificate of interest
due, printed at the bottom of transferable bonds (state,
railroad, etc.), given for a term of years, designed to be cut
off and presented for payment when the interest is due; an
interest warrant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A section of a ticket, showing the
holder to be entitled to some specified accomodation or service,
as to a passage over a designated line of travel, a particular
seat in a theater, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cou*pure"</hw> (k??-p?r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>couper</i> to cut.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A passage cut through
the glacis to facilitate sallies by the besieged.</def>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cour"age</hw> (k&ubreve;r"&asl;j; 48),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.  <i>corage</i> heart, mind, will,
courage, OF. <i>corage</i>, F.  <i>courage</i>, fr. a LL.
derivative of L. <i>cor</i> heart. See <u>Heart</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The heart; spirit; temper;
disposition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So priketh hem nature in here <i>corages</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord, cheer up your spirits; our foes are
nigh,<BR>
and this soft <i>courage</i> makes your followers faint.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heart; inclination; desire;
will.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'd such a <i>courage</i> to do him good.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That quality of mind which enables one
to encounter danger and difficulties with firmness, or without
fear, or fainting of heart; valor; boldness;
resolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king-becoming graces . . . <BR>
Devotion, patience, <i>courage</i>, fortitude,<BR>
I have no relish of them.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Courage</i> that grows from constitution often
forsakes a man when he has occasion for it.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Heroism; bravery; intrepidity; valor;
gallantry; daring; firmness; hardihood; boldness; dauntlessness;
resolution.  See <u>Heroism</u>. -- <u>Courage</u>,
<u>Bravery</u>, <u>Fortitude</u>, <u>Intrepidity</u>,
<u>Gallantry</u>, <u>Valor</u>. <i>Courage</i> is that firmness
of spirit and swell of soul which meets danger without fear.
<i>Bravery</i> is daring and impetuous courage, like that of one
who has the reward continually in view, and displays his courage
in daring acts.  <i>Fortitude</i> has often been styled "passive
courage," and consist in the habit of encountering danger and
enduring pain with a steadfast and unbroken spirit. <i>Valor</i>
is courage exhibited in war, and can not be applied to single
combats; it is never used figuratively. <i>Intrepidity</i> is
firm, unshaken courage. <i>Gallantry</i> is adventurous courage,
which courts danger with a high and cheerful spirit. A man may
show <i>courage</i>, <i>fortitude</i>, or <i>intrepidity</i> in
the common pursuits of life, as well as in war. <i>Valor</i>,
<i>bravery</i>, and <i>gallantry</i> are displayed in the contest
of arms. <i>Valor</i> belongs only to battle; <i>bravery</i> may
be shown in single combat; <i>gallantry</i> may be manifested
either in attack or defense; but in the latter case, the defense
is usually turned into an attack.</p>

<p><hw>Cour"age</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inspire
with courage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Paul writeth unto Timothy . . . to <i>courage</i>
him.<BR>
<i>Tyndale.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cour*a"geous</hw> (k?r-?"j?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>courageux</i>.] <def>Possessing, or characterized by, courage;
brave; bold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With this victory, the women became most
<i>courageous</i> and proud, and the men waxed . . . fearful and
desperate.<BR>
<i>Stow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gallant; brave; bold; daring; valiant;
valorous; heroic; intrepid; fearless; hardy; stout; adventurous;
enterprising. See <u>Gallant</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cour*a"geous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
courageous manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cour*a"geous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being courageous; courage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cou*rant"</hw> (k??-r?nt"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p.
pr. of <i>courir</i> to run, L.  <i>currere</i>. Cf.
<u>Current</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Represented as running; --
said of a beast borne in a coat of arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cou*rant"</hw> (k??-r?nt"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>courante</i>, fr.  <i>courant</i>, <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of music in triple time; also, a
lively dance; a coranto.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A circulating gazette of news; a
newspaper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cou*ran"to</hw> (-r?n"t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sprightly dance; a coranto; a courant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cou*rap"</hw> (k??-r?p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A skin disease, common in India, in which
there is perpetual itching and eruption, esp. of the groin,
breast, armpits, and face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Courb</hw> (k??rb), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>courbe</i>, fr. L.  <i>curvus</i>. See <u>Curve</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Curved; rounded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her neck is short, her shoulders <i>courb</i>.<BR>
<i>Gower.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Courb</hw> (k??rb), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>courber</i>. See <u>Curs</u>.] <def>To bend; to stop; to
bow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then I <i>courbed</i> on my knees.<BR>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cour"ba*ril</hw> (k??r"b?-r?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>courbaril</i>, from a South American word.] <def>See
<u>Anim&eacute;</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Courche</hw> (k??rsh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Kerchief</u>.] <def>A square piece of linen used formerly by
women instead of a cap; a kerchief.</def> [Scot.] [Written also
<i>curch</i>.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cou"ri*er</hw> (k??"r?-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>courrier</i>, fr. <i>courre</i>, <i>courir</i>, to run, L.
<i>currere</i>. See <u>Course</u>, <u>Current</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A messenger sent with haste to convey
letters or dispatches, usually on public business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wary Bassa . . . by speedy <i>couriers</i>,
advertised Solyman of the enemy's purpose.<BR>
<i>Knolles.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An attendant on travelers, whose
business it is to make arrangements for their convenience at
hotels and on the way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cour"lan</hw> (k??r"l?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American bird, of the genus
<i>Aramus</i>, allied to the rails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Course</hw> (k?rs), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cours</i>,
<i>course</i>, L.  cursus, fr. <i>currere</i> to run. See
<u>Current</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of moving from
one point to another; progress; passage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And when we had finished our <i>course</i> from
Tyre, we came to Ptolemais.<BR>
<i>Acts xxi. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The ground or path traversed; track;
way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The same horse also run the round <i>course</i> at
Newmarket.<BR>
<i>Pennant.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Motion, considered as to its general
or resultant direction or to its goal; line progress or
advance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A light by which the Argive squadron steers<BR>
Their silent <i>course</i> to Ilium's well known shore.<BR>
<i>Dennham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Westward the <i>course</i> of empire takes its
way.<BR>
<i>Berkeley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Progress from point to point without
change of direction; any part of a progress from one place to
another, which is in a straight line, or on one direction; as, a
ship in a long voyage makes many <i>courses</i>; a <i>course</i>
measured by a surveyor between two stations; also, a progress
without interruption or rest; a heat; as, one <i>course</i> of a
race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Motion considered with reference to
manner; or derly progress; procedure in a certain line of thought
or action; as, the <i>course</i> of an argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>course</i> of true love never did run
smooth.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Customary or established sequence of
events; recurrence of events according to natural laws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>course</i> of nature and of law.<BR>
<i>Davies.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Day and night,<BR>
Seedtime and harvest, heat and hoary frost,<BR>
Shall hold their <i>course</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Method of procedure; manner or way of
conducting; conduct; behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord of York commends the plot and the general
<i>course</i> of the action.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By perseverance in the <i>course</i>
prescribed.<BR>
<i>Wodsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>You hold your <i>course</i> without remorse.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A series of motions or acts arranged
in order; a succession of acts or practices connectedly followed;
as, a <i>course</i> of medicine; a <i>course</i> of lectures on
chemistry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The succession of one to another in
office or duty; order; turn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He appointed . . . the <i>courses</i> of the
priests<BR>
<i>2 Chron. viii. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>That part of a meal served at one
time, with its accompaniments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Goldsmith] wore fine clothes, gave dinners of
several <i>courses</i>, paid court to venal beauties.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A continuous level
range of brick or stones of the same height throughout the face
or faces of a building.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The lowest sail on any
mast of a square-rigged vessel; as, the fore <i>course</i>, main
<i>course</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The
menses.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In course</b></col>, <cd>in regular succession.</cd> -
- <col><b>Of course</b></col>, <cd>by consequence; as a matter of
course; in regular or natural order.</cd> -- <col><b>In the
course of</b></col>, <cd>at same time or times during.</cd>
"<i>In the course of</i> human events."  <i>T. Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Way; road; route; passage; race; series;
succession; manner; method; mode; career; progress.</p>

<p><hw>Course</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Coursed</u> (k?rst)); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coursing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To run,
hunt, or chase after; to follow hard upon; to pursue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>coursed</i> him at the heels.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to chase after or pursue
game; as, to <i>course</i> greyhounds after deer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To run through or over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bounding steed <i>courses</i> the dusty
plain.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Course</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To run as in a race, or in hunting; to pursue the sport of
coursing; as, the sportsmen <i>coursed</i> over the flats of
Lancashire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move with speed; to race; as, the
blood <i>courses</i> through the veins.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coursed</hw> (k?rst), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hunted; as, a <i>coursed</i>
hare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Arranged in courses; as,
<i>coursed</i> masonry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cours"er</hw> (k?rs"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>coursier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who courses or
hunts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> leash is a leathern thong by which . . . a
<i>courser</i> leads his greyhound.<BR>
 <i>Hanmer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A swift or spirited horse; a racer or
a war horse; a charger.</def> [Poetic.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A grallatorial
bird of Europe <i>(Cursorius cursor)</i>, remarkable for its
speed in running. Sometimes, in a wider sense, applied to running
birds of the Ostrich family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cour"sey</hw> (k?r"s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>corsie</i>, <i>coursie</i>, passage way to the stern. See
<u>Course</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <i>(Naut.)</i><def>A space
in the galley; a part of the hatches.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><! p. 335 !>

<hw>Cours"ing</hw> (k?rs"?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
pursuit or running game with dogs that follow by sight instead of
by scent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>coursing</i> of a deer, or hart, with
greyhounds.<BR>
<i>Bacon</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Court</hw> (k&omacr;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>court</i>, <i>curt</i>, <i>cort</i>, F. <i>cour</i>, LL.
<i>cortis</i>, fr. L.  <i>cohors</i>, <i>cors</i>, <i>chors</i>,
gen.  <i>cohortis</i>, <i>cortis</i>, <i>chortis</i>, an
inclosure, court, thing inclosed, crowd, throng; <i>co-</i> + a
root akin to Gr. <grk>chorto`s</grk> inclosure, feeding place,
and to E.  <i>garden</i>, <i>yard</i>, <i>orchard</i>. See
<u>Yard</u>, and cf. <u>Cohort</u>, <u>Curtain</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inclosed space; a courtyard; an
uncovered area shut in by the walls of a building, or by
different building; also, a space opening from a street and
nearly surrounded by houses; a blind alley.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>courts</i> of the house of our God.<BR>
<i>Ps. cxxxv. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And round the cool green <i>courts</i> there ran a
row<BR>
Of cloisters.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Goldsmith took a garret in a miserable
<i>court</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The residence of a sovereign, prince,
nobleman, or other dignitary; a palace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Attends the emperor in his royal <i>court</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This our <i>court</i>, infected with their
manners,<BR>
Shows like a riotous inn.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of persons
composing the retinue of a sovereign or person high in authority;
all the surroundings of a sovereign in his regal state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord, there is a nobleman of the <i>court</i>
at door would speak with you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Love rules the <i>court</i>, the camp, the
grove.<BR>
<i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any formal assembling of the retinue
of a sovereign; as, to hold a <i>court</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The princesses held their <i>court</i> within the
fortress.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Attention directed to a person in
power; conduct or address designed to gain favor; courtliness of
manners; civility; compliment; flattery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No solace could her paramour intreat<BR>
Her once to show, ne <i>court</i>, nor dalliance.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I went to make my <i>court</i> to the Duke and
Duchess of Newcastle.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
hall, chamber, or place, where justice is administered.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The persons officially assembled under
authority of law, at the appropriate time and place, for the
administration of justice; an official assembly, legally met
together for the transaction of judicial business; a judge or
judges sitting for the hearing or trial of causes.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A tribunal established for the
administration of justice.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The
judge or judges; as distinguished from the counsel or jury, or
both.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most heartily I do beseech the <i>court</i><BR>
To give the judgment.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The session of a judicial
assembly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Any jurisdiction, civil, military, or
ecclesiastical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A place arranged for playing the game
of tennis; also, one of the divisions of a tennis
court.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Christian court</b></col>, <cd>the English
ecclesiastical courts in the aggregate, or any one of them.</cd>
-- <col><b>Court breeding</b></col>, <cd>education acquired at
court.</cd> -- <col><b>Court card</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Coat
card</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Court circular</b></col>, <cd>one or
more paragraphs of news respecting the sovereign and the royal
family, together with the proceedings or movements of the court
generally, supplied to the newspapers by an officer specially
charged with such duty.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Edwards.</i> --
<col><b>Court day</b></col>, <cd>a day on which a court sits to
administer justice.</cd> -- <col><b>Court dress</b></col>,
<cd>the dress prescribed for appearance at the court of a
sovereign.</cd> -- <col><b>Court fool</b></col>, <cd>a buffoon or
jester, formerly kept by princes and nobles for their
amusement.</cd> -- <col><b>Court guide</b></col>, <cd>a directory
of the names and adresses of the nobility and gentry in a
town.</cd> -- <col><b>Court hand</b></col>, <cd>the hand or
manner of writing used in records and judicial proceedings.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Court lands</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>,
<cd>lands kept in demesne, -- that is, for the use of the lord
and his family.</cd> -- <col><b>Court marshal</b></col>, <cd>one
who acts as marshal for a court.</cd> -- <col><b>Court
party</b></col>, <cd>a party attached to the court.</cd> --
<col><b>Court rolls</b></col>, <cd>the records of a court.
See<u>Roll</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Court in banc</b></col>, or
<col><b>Court in bank</b></col>, <cd>The full court sitting at
its regular terms for the hearing of arguments upon questions of
law, as distinguished from a sitting at <i>nisi prius</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Court of Arches</b></col>, <col><b>audience</b></col>,
etc. <cd>See under <u>Arches</u>, <u>Audience</u>,
<i>etc.</i></cd> -- <col><b>Court of Chancery</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Chancery</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Court of
Common pleas</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See <i>Common pleas</i>,
under <u>Common</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Court of Equity</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Equity</u>, and <u>Chancery</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Court of Inquiry</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>, a court
appointed to inquire into and report on some military matter, as
the conduct of an officer.</cd> -- <col><b>Court of St.
James</b></col>, <cd>the usual designation of the British Court;
-- so called from the old palace of St. James, which is used for
the royal receptions, levees, and drawing-rooms.</cd> --
<col><b>The court of the Lord</b></col>, <cd>the temple at
Jerusalem; hence, a church, or Christian house of worship.</cd> -
- <col><b>General Court</b></col>, <cd>the legislature of a
State; -- so called from having had, in the colonial days,
judicial power; as, the <i>General Court</i> of
Massachusetts.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>To pay one's
court</b></col>, <cd>to seek to gain favor by attentions.</cd>
"Alcibiades was assiduous in <i>paying his</i> <u>court</u> to
Tissaphernes." <i>Jowett.</i> -- <col><b>To put out of
court</b></col>, <cd>to refuse further judicial hearing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Court</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Courted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.  &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Courting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To endeavor to gain the
favor of by attention or flattery; to try to ingratiate one's
self with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By one person, hovever, Portland was still
assiduously <i>courted</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endeavor to gain the affections of;
to seek in marriage; to woo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If either of you both love Katharina . . . <BR>
Leave shall you have to <i>court</i> her at your pleasure.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attempt to gain; to solicit; to
seek.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They might almost seem to have <i>courted</i> the
crown of martyrdom.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Guilt and misery . . . <i>court</i> privacy and
solitude.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To invite by attractions; to allure;
to attract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A well-worn pathway <i>courted</i> us<BR>
To one green wicket in a privet hedge.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Court</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To play the lover; to woo; as, to go
<i>courting</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Court"-bar`on</hw> (-b?r`?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>An inferior court of civil jurisdiction,
attached to a manor, and held by the steward; a baron's court; --
now fallen into disuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Court"bred`</hw> (-br?d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bred,
or educated, at court; polished; courtly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Court"-craft`</hw> (k?rt"kr?ft`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The artifices, intrigues, and plottings, at
courts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Court"-cup`board</hw> (-k?b`b?rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A movable sideboard or buffet, on which plate and other
articles of luxury were displayed on special ocasions.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A way with the joint stools, remove the <i>court-
cupboard</i>, look to the plate.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Courtelle</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>a wool-like
fabric.</def><BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><hw>Cour"te*ous</hw> (k?r"t?-?s; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[OE.  <i>cortais</i>, <i>corteis</i>, <i>cortois</i>, rarely
<i>corteous</i>, OF. <i>corties</i>, <i>corteis</i>, F.
<i>courtois</i>. See <u>Court</u>.] <def>Of courtlike manners;
pertaining to, or expressive of, courtesy; characterized by
courtesy; civil; obliging; well bred; polite; affable;
complaisant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A patient and <i>courteous</i> bearing.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His behavior toward his people is grave and
<i>courteous</i>.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cour"te*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
courteous manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cour"te*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being courteous; politeness; courtesy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cour"te*py</hw> (k??r"t?-p?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>kort</i> short + <i>pije</i> a coarse cloth.] <def>A short
coat of coarse cloth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Full threadbare was his overeste
<i>courtepy</i>.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Court"er</hw> (k?rt"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
courts; one who plays the lover, or who solicits in marriage; one
who flatters and cajoles.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cour"te*san</hw> (k?r"t?-z?n; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.  <i>courtisane</i>, fr. <i>courtisan</i> courtier, It.
<i>cortigiano</i>; or directly fr. It.  <i>cortigiana</i>, or Sp.
<i>cortesana</i>. See <u>Court</u>.] <def>A woman who prostitutes
herself for hire; a prostitute; a harlot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lasciviously decked like a <i>courtesan</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cour"te*san*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Harlotry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cour"te*sy</hw> (k?r"t?-s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Courtesies</b></plw> (-s&?;z). [OE.
<i>cortaisie</i>, <i>corteisie</i>, <i>courtesie</i>, OF.
<i>curteisie</i>, <i>cortoisie</i>, OF. <i>curteisie</i>,
<i>cortoisie</i>, F. <i>courtoisie</i>, fr.  <i>curteis</i>,
<i>corteis</i>.  See <u>Courteous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Politeness; civility; urbanity; courtliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And trust thy honest-offered <i>courtesy</i>,<BR>
With oft is sooner found in lowly sheds,<BR>
With smoky rafters, than in tapestry walls<BR>
And courts of princes, where it first was named,<BR>
And yet is most pretended.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Pardon me, Messer Claudio, if once more<BR>
I use the ancient <i>courtesies</i> of speech.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act of civility or respect; an act
of kindness or favor performed with politeness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord, for your many <i>courtesies</i> I thank
you.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Favor or indulgence, as distinguished
from right; as, a title given one by <i>courtesy</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Courtesy title</b></col>, <cd>a title assumed by a
person, or popularly conceded to him, to which he has no valid
claim; as, the <i>courtesy title</i> of <i>Lord</i> prefixed to
the names of the younger sons of noblemen.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Politeness; urbanity; civility; complaisance;
affability; courteousness; elegance; refinement; courtliness;
good breeding. See <u>Politeness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Courte"sy</hw> (k&ucirc;rt"s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See the preceding word.] <def>An act of
civility, respect, or reverence, made by women, consisting of a
slight depression or dropping of the body, with bending of the
knees.</def> [Written also <i>curtsy</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The lady drops a <i>courtesy</i> in token of
obedience, and the ceremony proceeds as usual.<BR>
<i>Golgsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Courte"sy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Courtesied</u> (-s&ibreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Courtesying</u>.] <def>To make a respectful
salutation or movement of respect; esp. (with reference to
women), to bow the body slightly, with bending of the
knes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Courte"sy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat with
civility.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Court"house`</hw> (k&imacr;rt"hous`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A house in which established courts are
held, or a house appropriated to courts and public
meetings.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A county town; -- so called in
Virginia and some others of the Southern States.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Providence, the county town of Fairfax, is unknown
by that name, and passes as Fairfax <i>Court House</i>.<BR>
<i>Barlett.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Court"ier</hw> (k&omacr;rt"y&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Court</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is in attendance at the court of a prince; one who
has an appointment at court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You know I am no <i>courtier</i>, nor versed in
state affairs.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>courtier</i> got a frigate, and that a
company.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who courts or solicits favor; one
who flatters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was not among all our princes a greater
<i>courtier</i> of the people than Richard III.<BR>
<i>Suckling.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Court"ier*y</hw> (-?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
manners of a courtier; courtliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Court"-leet`</hw> (-l?t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <def>A court of record held once a year, in a particular
hundred, lordship, or manor, before the steward of the
leet.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Court"like`</hw> (-l?k`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>After
the manner of a court; elegant; polite; courtly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Court"li*ness</hw> (-l?-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Courtly</u>.] <def>The quality of being courtly; elegance or
dignity of manners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Court"ling</hw> (-l?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Court</i> +  <i>-ling</i>.] <def>A sycophantic
courtier.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Court"ly</hw> (-l?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Court</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating or belonging to a
court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Elegant; polite; courtlike;
flattering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>courtly</i> company or at my beads.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to favor the great; favoring
the policy or party of the court; obsequious.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Court"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of courts; politely; gracefully; elegantly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They can produce nothing so <i>courtly</i>
writ.<BR>
<i>Dryden</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Court`-mar"tial</hw> (k?rt`m?r"sh<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Courts-martial</b></plw>
(k&?;rts`-). <def>A court consisting of military or naval
officers, for the trial of one belonging to the army or navy, or
of offenses against military or naval law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Court`-mar"tial</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Court-martialed</u> (-
sh<i>a</i>ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Court-
martialing</u>.] <def>To subject to trial by a court-
martial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Court"-plas`ter</hw> (k?rt"pl?s`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sticking plaster made by coating taffeta or silk on one side
with some adhesive substance, commonly a mixture of isinglass and
glycerin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Court"ship</hw> (k?rt"sh?p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of paying court, with the intent
to solicit a favor.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of wooing in love;
solicitation of woman to marriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This method of <i>courtship</i>, [by which] both
sides are prepared for all the matrimonial adventures that are to
follow.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Courtliness; elegance of manners;
courtesy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Trim gallants, full of <i>courtship</i> and of
state.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Court policy; the character of a
courtier; artifice of a court; court-craft; finesse.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She [the Queen] being composed of <i>courtship</i>
and Popery.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Court" ten"nis</hw> (k?rt" t?n"n?s). <def>See under
<u>Tennis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Court"yard</hw> (k?rt"y?rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
court or inclosure attached to a house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cous"cous`</hw> (k??s"k??s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
kind of food used by the natives of Western Africa, made of
millet flour with flesh, and leaves of the baobab; -- called also
<i>lalo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cous`cou*sou"</hw> (k??s`k??-s??"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A favorite dish in Barbary. See <u>Couscous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cous"in</hw> (k&ubreve;z"'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cousin</i>, LL. <i>cosinus</i>, <i>cusinus</i>, contr. from L.
<i>consobrinus</i> the child of a mother's sister, cousin;
<i>con-</i> + <i>sobrinus</i> a cousin by the mother's side, a
form derived fr. <i>soror</i> (for<i>sosor</i>) sister. See
<u>Sister</u>, and cf. <u>Cozen</u>, <u>Coz</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One collaterally related more remotely
than a brother or sister; especially, the son or daughter of an
uncle or aunt.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The children of brothers and sisters are usually
denominated <i>first cousins</i>, or <i>cousins-german</i>. In
the second generation, they are called <i>second cousins</i>. See
<u>Cater-cousin</u>, and <u>Quater-cousin</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art, great lord, my father's sister's
son,<BR>
A <i>cousin-german</i> to great Priam's seed.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A title formerly given by a king to a
nobleman, particularly to those of the council. In English writs,
etc., issued by the crown, it signifies any earl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My noble lords and <i>cousins</i>, all, good
morrow.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cous"in</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Allied;
akin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cous"in*age</hw> (-?j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cousinage</i>, OF., also, <i>cosinage</i>. Cf.
<u>Cosinage</u>, <u>Cozenage</u>.] <def>Relationship;
kinship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cous"in-ger"man</hw> (-j?r"m<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cousin</i> + <i>german</i> closely
akin.] <def>A first cousin. See Note under <u>Cousin</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cous"in*hood</hw> (-h??d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or condition of a cousin; also, the collective body of
cousins; kinsfolk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cous"in*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like or
becoming a cousin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cous"in*ry</hw> (k?z"'n-r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
body or collection of cousins; the whole number of persons who
stand in the relation of cousins to a given person or
persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cous"in*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
relationship of cousins; state of being cousins;
cousinhood.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cous"si*net`</hw> (k??s"s?-n?t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., dim. of <i>coussin cushion</i>. See <u>Cushionet</u>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A stone placed on the
impost of a pier for receiving the first stone of an arch.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That part of the Ionic capital between
the abacus and quarter round, which forms the volute.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cou*teau"</hw> (k??-t?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
knife; a dagger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Couth</hw> (k??th), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Can</u>.  [See <u>Can</u>, and cf. <u>Uncouth</u>.]
<def>Could; was able; knew or known; understood.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Above all other one Daniel<BR>
He loveth, for he <i>couth</i> well<BR>
Divine, that none other <i>couth</i>;<BR>
To him were all things <i>couth</i>,<BR>
As he had it of God's grace.<BR>
<i>Gower.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cou`vade"</hw> (k&oomac;`v&adot;d"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>couver</i>. See <u>Covey</u>.]
<def>A custom, among certain barbarous tribes, that when a woman
gives birth to a child her husband takes to his bed, as if
ill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world-wide custom of the <i>couvade</i>, where
at childbirth the husband undergoes medical treatment, in many
cases being put to bed for days.<BR>
<i>Tylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Co*va"ri*ant</hw> (k?-v?"r?-a]/>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Higher Alg.)</i> <def>A function involving the coefficients
and the variables of a quantic, and such that when the quantic is
lineally transformed the same function of the new variables and
coefficients shall be equal to the old function multiplied by a
factor. An invariant is a like function involving only the
coefficients of the quantic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cove</hw> (k&omacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cofa</i> room; akin to G.  <i>koben</i> pigsty, orig., hut,
Icel. <i>kofi</i> hut, and perh. to E. <i>cobalt</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A retired nook; especially, a small,
sheltered inlet, creek, or bay; a recess in the shore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vessels which were in readiness for him within
secret <i>coves</i> and nooks.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strip of prairie extending into
woodland; also, a recess in the side of a mountain.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
concave molding.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A member, whose
section is a concave curve, used especially with regard to an
inner roof or ceiling, as around a skylight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cove</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Coved</u> (k?vd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coving</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>To arch over; to
build in a hollow concave form; to make in the form of a
cove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mosques and other buildings of the Arabians
are rounded into domes and <i>coved</i> roofs.<BR>
<i>H. Swinburne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Coved ceiling</b></col>, <cd>a ceiling, the part of
which next the wail is constructed in a cove.</cd> --
<col><b>Coved vault</b></col>, <cd>a vault composed of four coves
meeting in a central point, and therefore the reverse of a
groined vault.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cove</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [CF. F.  <i>couver</i>,
It. <i>covare</i>. See <u>Covey</u>.] <def>To brood, cover, over,
or sit over, as birds their eggs.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not being able to <i>cove</i> or sit upon them
[eggs], she [the female tortoise] bestoweth them in the
gravel.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cove</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A gypsy word, <i>covo</i>
that man, <i>covi</i> that woman.] <def>A boy or man of any age
or station.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>There's a gentry <i>cove</i> here.<BR>
<i>Wit's Recreations (1654).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, look to it, <i>coves</i>, that all the beef
and drink<BR>
Be not filched from us.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Co*vel"line</hw> (k?-v?l"l?n), <hw>Co*vel"lite</hw>  }
(-l?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After <i>Covelli</i>, the
discoverer.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A native sulphide of copper,
occuring in masses of a dark blue color; -- hence called
<i>indigo copper</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"e*na*ble</hw> (k?v"?-n?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>covenable</i>, F.  <i>convenable</i>. See
<u>Covenant</u>.] <def>Fit; proper; suitable.</def> [Obs.] "A
<i>covenable</i> day."  <i>Wyclif (Mark vi. 21).</i></p>

<p><! p. 336 !></p>

<p><hw>Cov"e*na*bly</hw> (k?v"?-n?-bly), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Fitly; suitably.</def> [Obs.] "Well and <i>covenably</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cov"e*nant</hw> (k?v"?-n<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>covenant</i>, fr. F. &amp; OF. <i>convenir</i> to agree, L.
<i>convenire</i>. See <u>Convene</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mutual agreement of two or more
persons or parties, or one of the stipulations in such an
agreement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then Jonathan and David made a
<i>covenant</i>.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. xviiii. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Let there be <i>covenants</i> drawn between
us.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If we conclude a peace,<BR>
It shall be with such strict and severe <i>covenants</i><BR>
As little shall the Frenchmen gain thereby.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>An agreement made
by the Scottish Parliament in 1638, and by the English Parliament
in 1643, to preserve the reformed religion in Scotland, and to
extirpate popery and prelacy; -- usually called the "Solemn
League and Covenant."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Wharton] was born in the days of the
<i>Covenant</i>, and was the heir of a covenanted house.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The promises of God as
revealed in the Scriptures, conditioned on certain terms on the
part of man, as obedience, repentance, faith, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will establish my <i>covenant</i> between me and
thee and thy seed after thee in their generations for an
everlasting <i>covenant</i>, to be a God unto thee, and to thy
seed after thee.<BR>
<i>Gen. xvii. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A solemn compact between members of a
church to maintain its faith, discipline, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
undertaking, on sufficient consideration, in writing and under
seal, to do or to refrain from some act or thing; a contract; a
stipulation; also, the document or writing containing the terms
of agreement.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A form of action for
the violation of a promise or contract under seal.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Agreement; contract; compact; bargain;
arrangement; stipulation.  -- <u>Covenant</u>, <u>Contract</u>,
<u>Compact</u>, <u>Stipulation</u>. These words all denote a
mutual agreement between two parties.  <i>Covenant</i> is
frequently used in a religious sense; as, the <i>covenant</i> of
works or of grace; a church <i>covenant</i>; the Solemn League
and <i>Covenant</i>. <i>Contract</i> is the word most used in the
business of life. Crabb and Taylor are wrong in saying that a
<i>contract</i> must always be in writing. There are oral and
implied <i>contracts</i> as well as written ones, and these are
equally enforced by law. In legal usage, the word <i>covenant</i>
has an important place as connected with contracts. A
<i>compact</i> is only a stronger and more solemn contract. The
term is chiefly applied to political alliances. Thus, the old
Confederation was a <i>compact</i> between the States. Under the
present Federal Constitution, no individual State can, without
consent of Congress, enter into a <i>compact</i> with any other
State or foreign power. A <i>stipulation</i> is one of the
articles or provisions of a contract.</p>

<p><hw>Cov"e*nant</hw> (k?v"?-n?nt), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Covenanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Covenanting</u>.] <def>To agree (with); to
enter into a formal agreement; to bind one's self by contract; to
make a stipulation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jupiter <i>covenanted</i> with him, that it should
be hot or cold, wet or dry, . . . as the tenant should
direct.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And they <i>covenanted</i> with him for thyrty
pieces of silver.<BR>
<i>Matt. xxvi. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To agree; contract; bargain; stipulate.</p>

<p><hw>Cov"e*nant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To grant or
promise by covenant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My covenant of peace that I <i>covenanted</i> with
you.<BR>
<i>Wyclif.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cov`e*nan*tee"</hw> (k?v`?-n<i>a</i>n-t?"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The person in whose favor
a covenant is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"e*nant*er</hw> (k?v"?-n?nt-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who makes a covenant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One who
subscribed and defended the "Solemn League and Covenant." See
<u>Covenant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"e*nant*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging
to a covenant. Specifically, belonging to the Scotch
Covenanters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be they <i>covenanting</i> traitors,<BR>
Or the brood of false Argyle?<BR>
<i>Aytoun.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cov"e*nant*or`</hw> (-?r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The party who makes a covenant.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cov"e*nous</hw> (k?v"?-n?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Covinous</u>, and <u>Covin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"ent</hw> (k?v"<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>covent</i>, F. <i>couvent</i>. See <u>Convent</u>.] <def>A
convent or monastery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Covent Garden</b></col>, <cd>a large square in London,
so called because originally it was the garden of a
monastery.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cov"en*try</hw> (k?v"<i>e</i>n-tr?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A town in the county of Warwick, England.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To send to Coventry</b></col>, <cd>to exclude from
society; to shut out from social intercourse, as for
ungentlemanly conduct.</cd> -- <col><b>Coventry blue</b></col>,
<cd>blue thread of a superior dye, made at Coventry, England, and
used for embroidery.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cov"er</hw> (k?v"?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Covered</u> (-?rd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Covering</u>.] [OF.  <i>covrir</i>, F.
<i>couvrir</i>, fr. L.  <i>cooperire</i>; <i>co-  +  operire</i>
to cover; probably fr.  <i>ob</i> towards, over + the root
appearing in <i>aperire</i> to open. Cf. <u>Aperient</u>,
<u>Overt</u>, <u>Curfew</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
overspread the surface of (one thing) with another; as, to
<i>cover</i> wood with paint or lacquer; to <i>cover</i> a table
with a cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To envelop; to clothe, as with a
mantle or cloak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And with the majesty of darkness round<BR>
<i>Covers</i> his throne.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>All that beauty than doth <i>cover</i> thee.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To invest (one's self <i>with</i>
something); to bring upon (one's self); as, he <i>covered</i>
himself with glory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The powers that <i>covered</i> themselves with
everlasting infamy by the partition of Poland.<BR>
<i>Brougham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hide sight; to conceal; to cloak;
as, the enemy were <i>covered</i> from our sight by the
woods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cloud <i>covered</i> the mount.<BR>
<i>Exod. xxiv. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In vain shou striv'st to <i>cover</i> shame with
shame.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To brood or sit on; to
incubate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While the hen is <i>covering</i> her eggs, the
male . . . diverts her with his songs.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> To overwhelm; to spread over.</p>

<p><blockquote>The waters returned and <i>covered</i> the
chariots and the horsemen.<BR>
<i>Ex. xiv. 28.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To shelter, as from evil or danger; to
protect; to defend; as, the cavalry <i>covered</i> the
retreat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His calm and blameless life<BR>
Does with substantial blessedness abound,<BR>
And the soft wings of peace <i>cover</i> him round.<BR>
<i>Cowley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To remove from remembrance; to put
away; to remit.</def> "Blessed is he whose is <i>covered</i>."
<i>Ps. xxxii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To extend over; to be sufficient for;
to comprehend, include, or embrace; to account for or solve; to
counterbalance; as, a mortgage which fully <i>covers</i> a sum
loaned on it; a law which <i>covers</i> all possible cases of a
crime; receipts than do not <i>cover</i> expenses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To put the usual covering or
headdress on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cover</i> thy head . . . ; nay, prithee, be
<i>covered</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To copulate with (a female); to
serve; as, a horse <i>covers</i> a mare; -- said of the
male.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To cover</b></col> <col><b>ground or
distance</b></col>, <cd>to pass over; as, the rider <i>covered
the ground</i> in an hour.</cd> -- <col><b>To cover one's short
contracts</b></col> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i>, <cd>to buy stock
when the market rises, as a dealer who has sold short does in
order to protect himself.</cd> -- <col><b>Covering
party</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a detachment of troops sent
for the protection of another detachment, as of men working in
the trenches.</cd> -- <col><b>To cover into</b></col>, <cd>to
transfer to; as, <i>to cover into</i> the treasury.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To shelter; screen; shield; hide;
overspread.</p>

<p><hw>Cov"er</hw> (k?v"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything which is laid, set, or spread,
upon, about, or over, another thing; an envelope; a lid; as, the
<i>cover</i> of a book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which veils or conceals; a
screen; disguise; a cloak.</def> "Under <i>cover</i> of the
night."  <i> Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A handsome <i>cover</i> for imperfections.<BR>
<i>Collier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Shelter; protection; as, the troops
fought under <i>cover</i> of the batteries; the woods afforded a
good <i>cover</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being compelled to lodge in the field . . . whilst
his army was under <i>cover</i>, they might be forced to
retire.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Hunting)</i> <def>The woods,
underbrush, etc., which shelter and conceal game; covert; as, to
beat a <i>cover</i>; to ride to <i>cover</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> That portion of a slate, tile, or shingle,
which is hidden by the overlap of the course above.
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>The lap of a
slide valve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>couvert</i>.] <def>A tablecloth,
and the other table furniture; esp., the table furniture for the
use of one person at a meal; as, <i>covers</i> were laid for
fifty guests.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To break cover</b></col>, <cd>to start from a covert
or lair; -- said of game.</cd> -- <col><b>Under cover</b></col>,
<cd>in an envelope, or within a letter; -- said of a written
message.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Letters . . . dispatched <i>under cover</i> to her
ladyship.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cov"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To spread a
table for a meal; to prepare a banquet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cov"er*chief</hw> (ch&emacr;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Kerchief</u>.] <def>A covering for the head.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cov"er*cle</hw> (k?v"?r-k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>covercle</i>, F. <i>couvercle</i>, fr. L.
<i>co&ouml;perculum</i> fr. <i>co&ouml;perire</i>. See
<u>cover</u>] <def>A small cover; a lid.</def> [>Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cov"ered</hw> (k?v"?rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Under
cover; screened; sheltered; not exposed; hidden.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Covered way</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>a corridor
or banquette along the top of the counterscarp and covered by an
embankment whose slope forms the glacis. It gives the garrison an
open line of communication around the works, and a standing place
beyond the ditch. See <i>Illust.</i>  of <u>Ravelin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cov"er*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, covers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything which
covers or conceals, as a roof, a screen, a wrapper, clothing,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Noah removed the <i>covering</i> of the ark.<BR>
<i>Gen. viii. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They cause the naked to lodge without clothing,
that they have no <i>covering</i> in the cold.<BR>
<i>Job. xxiv. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>covering</i> over the well's mouth.<BR>
<i>2 Sam. xvii. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cov"er*let</hw> (k?v"?r-l?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>couvre-lit</i>; <i>couvrir</i> to cover + <i>lit</i> bed, fr.
L. <i>lectus</i> bed. See <u>Cover</u>.] <def>The uppermost cover
of a bed or of any piece of furniture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lay her in lilies and in violets . . . <BR>
And odored sheets and arras <i>coverlets</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cov"er*lid</hw> (-l&ibreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
coverlet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>coverlid</i> was cloth of gold.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cov"er-point`</hw> (-point!), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The fielder in the games of cricket and lacrosse who
supports "point."</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*versed" sine</hw> (k?-v?rst" s?n`). [<i>Co-</i>
(=<i>co-</i> in <i>co-</i> sine) +  <i>versed sine</i>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The versed sine of the complement of an arc
or angle. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Functions</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"er-shame`</hw> (-sh?m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Something used to conceal infamy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cov"ert</hw> (k?v"?rt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>covert</i>, F.  <i>couvert</i>, p. p. of <i>couvrir</i>. See
<u>Cover</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered over; private; hid; secret; disguised.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>covert</i> matters may be best
disclosed.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether of open war or <i>covert</i> guile.<BR>
<i>Milton</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sheltered; not open or exposed;
retired; protected; as, a <i>covert</i> nook.</def>  <i>
Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of either side the green, to plant a <i>covert</i>
alley.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Under cover, authority or
protection; as, a <i>feme covert</i>, a married woman who is
considered as being under the protection and control of her
husband.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Covert way</b></col>, <i>(Fort.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Covered way</i>, under <u>Covered</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hidden; secret; private; covered; disguised;
insidious; concealed. See <u>Hidden</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cov"ert</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. See <u>Covert</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place that covers
and protects; a shelter; a defense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tabernacle . . . for a <i>covert</i> from
storm.<BR>
<i>Is. iv. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The highwayman has darted from his <i>covered</i>
by the wayside.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>couverte</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the special feathers covering the
bases of the quills of the wings and tail of a bird. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bird</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"ert bar`on</hw> (b?r`?n). <i>(Law)</i> <def>Under the
protection of a husband; married.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cov"ert*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Secretly; in
private; insidiously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"ert*ness</hw> (k?v"?rt-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Secrecy; privacy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cov"er*ture</hw> (k?v"?r-t?r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF.  <i>coverture</i>,F. <i>couverture</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covering; shelter; defense; hiding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Protected by walls or other like
<i>coverture</i>.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Beatrice, who even now<BR>
Is couched in the woodbine <i>coverture</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The condition of a woman
during marriage, because she is considered under the cover,
influence, power, and protection of her husband, and therefore
called a <i>feme covert</i>, or <i>femme couverte</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"et</hw> (k?v"?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Covered</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Coveting</u>.] [OF. <i>coveitier</i>,
<i>covoitier</i>, F. <i>convoiter</i>, from a derivative fr. L.
<i>cupere</i> to desire; cf. Skr.  <i>kup</i> to become excited.
Cf.  <u>Cupidity</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wish for with eagerness; to desire
possession of; -- used in a good sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Covet</i> earnestly the best gifts.<BR>
<i>1. Cor. xxii. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If it be a sin to <i>covet</i> honor,<BR>
I am the most offending soul alive.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To long for inordinately or
unlawfully; to hanker after (something forbidden).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not <i>covet</i> thy neighbor's
house.<BR>
<i>Ex. xx. 17.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To long for; desire; hanker after; crave.</p>

<p><hw>Cov"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have or
indulge inordinate desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which [money] while some <i>coveted</i> after,
they have erred from the faith.<BR>
<i>1 Tim. vi. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cov"et*a*ble</hw> (k?v"?t-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>That may be coveted; desirable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"et*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
covets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"et*ise</hw> (-?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>coveitise</i>, F.  <i>convoitise</i>. See <u>Covet</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <def>Avarice.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cov"et*ive*ness</hw> (-?v-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Phren.)</i> <def>Acquisitiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"et*ous</hw> (k?v"?t-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>coveitos</i>, F.  <i>convoiteux</i>. See <u>Covet</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very desirous;
eager to obtain; -- used in a good sense.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Covetous</i> of wisdom and fair virtue.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Covetous</i> death bereaved us all,<BR>
To aggrandize one funeral.<BR>
<i>Emerson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inordinately desirous; excessively
eager to obtain and possess (esp. money); avaricious; -- in a bad
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>covetous</i> person lives as if the world
were madealtogether for him, and not he for the world.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Avaricious; parsimonious; penurious; misrely;
niggardly. See <u>Avaricious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cov"et*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
covetous manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"et*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Strong desire.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When workmen strive to do better than well,<BR>
They do confound their skill in <i>covetousness</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strong or inordinate desire of
obtaining and possessing some supposed good; excessive desire for
riches or money; -- in a bad sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Covetousness</i>, by a greed of getting more,
deprivess itself of the true end of getting.<BR>
<i>Sprat.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Avarice; cupidity; eagerness.</p>

<p><hw>Cov"ey</hw> (k?v"?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>cov&?;e</i>, F.  <i>couv&?;e</i>, fr.  <i>cover</i>, F.
<i>couver</i>, to sit or brood on, fr. L.  <i>cubare</i> to lie
down; cf. E.  <i>incubate</i>. See <u>Cubit</u>, and cf.
<u>Cove</u> to brood.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A brood or hatch
of birds; an old bird with her brood of young; hence, a small
flock or number of birds together; -- said of game; as, a
<i>covey</i> of partridges.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A company; a bevy; as, a <i>covey</i>
of girls.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cov"ey</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To brood; to
incubate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[Tortoises]  <i>covey</i> a whole year before they
hatch.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cov"ey</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pantry.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cov"in</hw> (k?v"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>covine</i>, <i>covaine</i>, fr.  <i>covenir</i> to agree. See
<u>Covenant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
collusive agreement between two or more persons to prejudice a
third.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deceit; fraud; artifice.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cov"in*ous</hw> (k?v"?n-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Deceitful; collusive; fraudulent;
dishonest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow</hw> (kou), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cowl</u> a
hood.] <def>A chimney cap; a cowl</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cows</b></plw> (kouz); old pl.  <plw><b>Kine</b></plw>
(k&imacr;n). [OE. <i>cu</i>, <i>cou</i>, AS. <i>c&umacr;</i>;
akin to D.  <i>koe</i>, G. <i>kuh</i>, OHG. <i>kuo</i>, Icel.
<i>k&ymacr;r</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw.  <i>ko</i>, L.  <i>bos</i> ox, cow,
Gr. <grk>boy^s</grk>, Skr. <i>g&omacr;</i>. &radic;223. Cf.
<u>Beef</u>, <u>Bovine</u>, <u>Bucolic</u>, <u>Butter</u>,
<u>Nylghau</u>.] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The mature female of bovine
animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The female of certain large mammals,
as whales, seals, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cowed</u> (koud);; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cowing</u>.] [Cf. Icel.  <i>kuga</i>, Sw.
<i>kufva</i> to check, subdue, Dan.  <i>kue</i>.  Cf.
<u>Cuff</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To depress with fear;
to daunt the spirits or courage of; to overawe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To vanquish a people already <i>cowed</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>THe French king was <i>cowed</i>.<BR>
<i>J. R. Green.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cow</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from same root as
<i>cow</i>, v. t.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A wedge, or brake, to
check the motion of a machine or car; a chock.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cow"age</hw> (kou"&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Cowhage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"an</hw> (kou"<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>couillon</i> a coward, a cullion.] <def>One who works as a
mason without having served a regular apprenticeship.</def>
[Scot.] Among Freemasons, it is a cant term for <i>pretender</i>,
<i>interloper</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Cow"ard</hw> (kou"?rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>couard</i>, <i>coard</i>, <i>coart</i>, <i>n.</i> and adj., F.
<i>couard</i>, fr. OF.  <i>coe</i>, <i>coue</i>, tail, F.
<i>queue</i> (fr. L.  <i>coda</i>, a form of <i>cauda</i> tail) +
<i>-ard</i>; orig., short-tailed, as an epithet of the hare, or
perh., turning tail, like a scared dog. Cf. <u>Cue</u>,
<u>Queue</u>, <u>Caudal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Borne in the escutcheon with his tail doubled between his
legs; -- said of a lion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of courage; timid;
cowardly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fie, <i>coward</i> woman, and soft-hearted
wretch.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to a coward; proceeding
from, or expressive of, base fear or timidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He raised the house with loud and <i>coward</i>
cries.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Invading fears repel my <i>coward</i> joy.<BR>
<i>Proir.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cow"ard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who lacks
courage; a timid or pusillanimous person; a poltroon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fool is nauseous, but a <i>coward</i> worse.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Craven; poltroon; dastard.</p>

<p><hw>Cow"ard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
timorous; to frighten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That which <i>cowardeth</i> a man's heart.<BR>
<i>Foxe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cow"ard*ice</hw> (-&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>couardise</i>, fr. <i>couard</i>. See <u>Coward</u>.]
<def>Want of courage to face danger; extreme timidity;
pusillanimity; base fear of danger or hurt; lack of
spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cowardice</i> of doing wrong.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Moderation was despised as <i>cowardice</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 337 !></p>

<p><hw>Cow"ard*ie</hw> (kou"&etilde;rd*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.  <i>couardie</i>.]
<def>Cowardice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cow"ard*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cowardly.</def> [Obs.] "A base and a <i>cowardish</i> mind."
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Cow"ard*ize</hw> (-&?;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render cowardly</def>. [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . <i>cowardizeth</i> . . . insolent
spirits.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cow"ard*li*ness</hw> (-l?-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cowardice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"ard*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wanting courage; basely or weakly timid or fearful;
pusillanimous; spiritless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cowardly</i> rascals that ran from the
battle.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from fear of danger or
other consequences; befitting a coward; dastardly; base; as,
<i>cowardly</i> malignity.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cowardly</i> rashness of those who dare not
look danger in the face.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Timid; fearful; timorous; dastardly;
pusillanimous; recreant; craven; faint-hearted; chicken-hearted;
white-livered.</p>

<p><hw>Cow"ard*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of a coward.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cow"ard*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cowardice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cow"bane`</hw> (kou"b&amacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A poisonous umbelliferous plant; in England,
the <i>Cicuta virosa</i>; in the United States, the <i>Cicuta
maculata</i> and the <i>Archemora rigida</i>. See <u>Water
hemlock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"ber`ry</hw> (-b&ebreve;r`r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cowberries</b></plw> (-
r&ibreve;z). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of <i>Vaccinium</i>
(<i>V. Vitis-id&aelig;a</i>), which bears acid red berries which
are sometimes used in cookery; -- locally called <i>mountain
cranberry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"bird`</hw> (-b&etilde;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cow blackbird (<i>Molothrus
ater</i>), an American starling. Like the European cuckoo, it
builds no nest, but lays its eggs in the nests of other birds; --
so called because frequently associated with cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"blakes`</hw> (-bl&amacr;ks`), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>Dried cow dung used as fuel.</def>[Prov. Eng.]
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cow"boy`</hw> (-boi`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cattle herder; a drover; specifically,
one of an adventurous class of herders and drovers on the plains
of the Western and Southwestern United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the marauders who, in the
Revolutionary War infested the neutral ground between the
American and British lines, and committed depredations on the
Americans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"catch`er</hw> (-k?ch`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
strong inclined frame, usually of wrought-iron bars, in front of
a locomotive engine, for catching or throwing off obstructions on
a railway, as cattle; the pilot.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cow"die</hw> (kou"d&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Kauri</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"er</hw> (kou"&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cowered</u> (kou"&etilde;rd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cowering</u>.] [Cf. Icel.
<i>kera</i> to doze, liequiet, Sw. <i>kura</i>, Dan.
<i>kure</i>, G.  <i>kauern</i> to cower, W. <i>cwrian</i>.]
<def>To stoop by bending the knees; to crouch; to squat; hence,
to quail; to sink through fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our dame sits <i>cowering</i> o'er a kitchen
fire.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Like falcons, <i>cowering</i> on the nest.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cow"er</hw> (kou"&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To cherish with care.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cow"fish`</hw> (-f&ibreve;sh`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The grampus.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A California dolphin (<i>Tursiops
Gillii</i>).</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A marine plectognath
fish (<i>Ostracoin quadricorne</i>, and allied species), having
two projections, like horns, in front; -- called also
<i>cuckold</i>, <i>coffer fish</i>, <i>trunkfish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"hage</hw> (kou"h&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
Hind. <i>kaw&amc;nch</i>, <i>ko&amacr;nch</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A leguminous climbing plant of the genus <i>Mucuna</i>,
having crooked pods covered with sharp hairs, which stick to the
fingers, causing intolerable itching. The spicul&aelig; are
sometimes used in medicine as a mechanical vermifuge.</def>
[Written also <i>couhage</i>, <i>cowage</i>, and
<i>cowitch</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cow"heart`ed</hw> (-h?rt`?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cowardly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lady Powis . . . patted him with her fan, and
called him a <i>cowhearted</i> fellow.<BR>
<i>R. North.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cow"herd`</hw> (-h?rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>c&umacr;hyrde</i>; <i>c&umacr;</i> cow + <i>hyrde</i> a
herder.] <def>One whose occupation is to tend cows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"hide`</hw> (-h?d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The hide of a cow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Leather made of the hide of a
cow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A coarse whip made of untanned
leather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"hide`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cowhided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cowhiding</u>.] <def>To flog with a cowhide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"ish</hw> (kou"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cow</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Timorous; fearful;
cowardly.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cow"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
umbelliferous plant (<i>Peucedanum Cous</i>) with edible tuberous
roots, found in Oregon.</def> [Written also <i>cous</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cow"itch</hw> (kou"?ch; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Cowhage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cowl</hw> (koul), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cuhle</i>,
<i>cugle</i>, <i>cugele</i>; cf. dial. G.  <i>kogel</i>,
<i>gugel</i>, OF.  <i>coule</i>, <i>goule</i>; all fr. LL.
<i>cuculla</i>, <i>cucullus</i>, fr. L.  <i>cucullus</i> cap,
hood; perh. akin to <i>celare</i> to conceal, <i>cella</i> cell.
Cf. <u>Cucullate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A monk's hood; --
usually attached to the gown. The name was also applied to the
hood and garment together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What differ more, you cry, than crown and
<i>cowl</i>?<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cowl-shaped cap, commonly turning
with the wind, used to improve the draft of a chimney,
ventilating shaft, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wire cap for the smokestack of a
locomotive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cowl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.  <i>cuvele</i>,
<i>cuvel</i>, dim. of F.  <i>cuve</i> tub, vat, fr. L.
<i>cupa</i>. See <u>Cup</u>.] <def>A vessel carried on a pole
between two persons, for conveyance of water.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cowled</hw> (kould), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
cowl; hooded; as, a <i>cowled</i> monk.</def> "That <i>cowled</i>
churchman."  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cow"leech`</hw> (kou"l?ch`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d
<i>cow + leech</i> a physician.] <def>One who heals diseases of
cows; a cow doctor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"leech`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Healing the
distemper of cows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"lick`</hw> (-l?k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tuft
of hair turned up or awry (usually over the forehead), as if
licked by a cow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"like`</hw> (-l?k`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resembling a cow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>cowlike</i> udders and with oxlike
eyes.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cowl"staff`</hw> (koul"st?f`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cowl</i> a vessel + <i>staff</i>.] <def>A staff or pole on
which a vessel is supported between two persons.</def>
<i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`work"er</hw> (k?`w?rk"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who works with another; a co&?;perator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow" pars`ley</hw> (kou` p?rs`l?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
umbelliferous plant of the genus <i>Ch&aelig;rophyllum</i> (<i>C.
temulum</i> and <i>C. sylvestre</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow" pars`nip</hw> (-n?p). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A coarse
umbelliferous weed of the genus <i>Heracleum</i> (<i>H.
sphondylium</i> in England, and <i>H. lanatum</i> in
America).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"pea`</hw> (-p&emacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
seed of one or more leguminous plants of the genus
<i>Dolichos</i>; also, the plant itself. Many varieties are
cultivated in the southern part of the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"per's glands`</hw> (kou"p?rz gl?ndz`). [After the
discoverer, William <i>Cowper</i>, an English surgeon.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Two small glands discharging into the male
urethra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"-pi`lot</hw> (kou"p&imacr;`l&ubreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A handsomely
banded, coral-reef fish, of Florida and the West Indies
(<i>Pomacentrus saxatilis</i>); -- called also
<i>mojarra</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"pock`</hw> (-p&obreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Cowpox</u>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cow"pox`</hw> (-p&obreve;ks`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A pustular eruptive disease of the cow, which,
when communicated to the human system, as by vaccination,
protects from the smallpox; vaccinia; -- called also
<i>kinepox</i>, <i>cowpock</i>, and <i>kinepock</i>.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cow"quake`</hw> (-kw&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants (<i>Briza</i>); quaking
grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"rie</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Kauri</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cow"rie</hw> <hw>Cow"ry</hw> } (kou"r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cowries</b></plw> (-
r&ibreve;z). [Hind. <i>kaur&imacr;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A marine shell of the genus <i>Cypr&aelig;a</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are numerous species, many of them ornamental.
Formerly <i>C. moneta</i> and several other species were largely
used as money in Africa and some other countries, and they are
still so used to some extent. The value is always trifling, and
varies at different places.</p>

<p><hw>Cow"slip`</hw> (-sl&ibreve;p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>c&umacr;slyppe</i>, <i>c&umacr;sloppe</i>, prob. orig., cow's
droppings. Cf. <u>Slop</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A common flower in England (<i>Primula
veris</i>) having yellow blossoms and appearing in early spring.
It is often cultivated in the United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the United States, the marsh
marigold (<i>Caltha palustris</i>), appearing in wet places in
early spring and often used as a pot herb. It is nearer to a
buttercup than to a true cowslip. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Marsh
marigold</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>American cowslip</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a pretty
flower of the West (<i>Dodecatheon Meadia</i>), belonging to the
same order (<i>Primulace&aelig;</i>) with the English
cowslip.</cd> -- <col><b>French cowslip</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>bear's-ear (<i>Primula Auricula</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cow"slipped`</hw> (-sl&ibreve;pt`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Adorned with cowslips.</def> "<i>Cowslipped</i> lawns."
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cow's" lung"wort`</hw> (kouz" l?ng"w?rt`).
<def>Mullein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow" tree`</hw> (kou" tr?`). [Cf. SP.  <i>palo de
vaca</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree (<i>Galactodendron utile</i>
or <i>Brosimum Galactodendron</i>) of South America, which
yields, on incision, a nourishing fluid, resembling
milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"weed"</hw> (-wEd`),, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Cow parsley</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"wheat`</hw> (-hw?t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A weed of the genus <i>Melampyrum</i>, with
black seeds, found on European wheatfields.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cox</hw> (k?ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.  <i>cokes</i>.
Cf. <u>Coax</u>.] <def>A coxcomb; a simpleton; a gull.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Go; you're a brainless <i>cox</i>, a toy, a
fop.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cox"a</hw> (k?ks"?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the hip.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The first joint of the leg of an insect
or crustacean.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Cox*al"gi*a</hw> (-?l"j?-?), <hw>Cox"al`gy</hw>
(k?ks"?l`j?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>coxalgia</i>, fr. L.
<i>coxa</i> hip. + Gr. &?;&?;&?; pain: cf. F. <i>coxalgie</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pain in the hip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cox"comb`</hw> (k?ks"k?m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A
corrupted spelling of <i>cock's comb</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A strip of red cloth notched like the
comb of a cock, which licensed jesters formerly wore in their
caps.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cap itself.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The top of the head, or the head
itself</def>.</p>

<p><blockquote>We will belabor you a little better,<BR>
And beat a little more care into your <i>coxcombs</i>.<BR>
<i>Beau  &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vain, showy fellow; a conceited,
silly man, fond of display; a superficial pretender to knowledge
or accomplishments; a fop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fond to be seen, she kept a bevy<BR>
Of powdered <i>coxcombs</i> at her levee.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Some are bewildered in the maze of schools,<BR>
And some made <i>coxcombs</i>, nature meant but fools.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several
plants of different genera, but particularly to <i>Celosia
cristata</i>, or garden cockscomb. Same as
<u>Cockscomb</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cox*comb"ic*al</hw> (k?ks-k?m"?-k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Befitting or indicating a coxcomb; like
a coxcomb; foppish; conceited.</def> --
<wf>Cox*comb"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Studded all over in <i>coxcombical</i> fashion
with little brass nails.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cox"comb"ly</hw> (k?ks"k?m`l?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>like a coxcomb.</def> [Obs.] "You <i>coxcombly</i> ass,
you!"  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cox"comb`ry</hw> (-r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
manners of a coxcomb; foppishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cox*com"ic*al</hw> (k?ks-k?m"?-k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coxcombical.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cox*com"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Conceitedly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cox"swain`</hw> (k?k"sw?n, Colloq. k?k"s'n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Cockswain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coy</hw> (koi), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.  <i>coi</i>
quiet, still, OF.  <i>coi</i>, <i>coit</i>, fr.L. quietus quiet,
p. p. of <i>quiescere</i> to rest, <i>quie</i> rest; prob. akin
to E. <i>while</i>. See <u>While</u>, and cf. <u>Quiet</u>,
<u>Quit</u>, <u>Quite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quiet;
still.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shrinking from approach or
familiarity; reserved; bashful; shy; modest; -- usually applied
to women, sometimes with an implication of coquetry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Coy</i>, and difficult to win.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Coy</i> and furtive graces.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor the <i>coy</i> maid, half willings to be
pressed,<BR>
Shall kiss the cup, to pass it to the rest.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Soft; gentle; hesitating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Enforced hate,<BR>
Instead of love's <i>coy</i> touch, shall rudely tear thee.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Shy; shriking; reserved; modest; bashful;
backward; distant.</p>

<p><hw>Coy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Coyed</u> (koid); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Coying</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To allure;
to entice; to decoy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A wiser generation, who have the art to <i>coy</i>
the fonder sort into their nets.<BR>
<i>Bp. Rainbow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To caress with the hand; to
stroke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come sit thee down upon this flowery bed,<BR>
While I thy amiable cheeks do <i>coy</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To behave with reserve or coyness; to shrink from approach
or familiarity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thus to <i>coy</i> it,<BR>
With one who knows you too!<BR>
<i>Rowe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make difficulty; to be
unwilling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If he <i>coyed</i><BR>
To hear Cominius speak, I 'll keep at home.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coy"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat coy or
reserved.</def>  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coy"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a coy manner;
with reserve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coy"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being coy; feigned or bashful unwillingness to become familiar;
reserve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the kind nymph would <i>coyness</i>
feign,<BR>
And hides but to be found again.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reserve; shrinking; shyness; backwardness;
modesty; bashfulness.</p>

<p><hw>Coy"o*te</hw> (k?"?-t? or k?"?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Spanish Amer., fr. Mexican <i>coyotl</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A carnivorous animal (<i>Canis latrans</i>), allied to the
dog, found in the western part of North America; -- called also
<i>prairie wolf</i>. Its voice is a snapping bark, followed by a
prolonged, shrill howl.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Coy"pu</hw> (koi"p??), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American rodent
(<i>Myopotamus coypus</i>), allied to the beaver. It produces a
valuable fur called nutria.</def> [Written also
<i>coypou</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Coys"trel</hw> (kois"tr&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Coistril</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coz</hw> (k&ubreve;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
contraction of <i>cousin</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coz"en</hw> (k?z"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cozened</u> (-'nd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cozening</u> (-'n-?ng). ] [From
<i>cousin</i>, hence, literally, to deceive through pretext of
relationship, F. <i>cousiner</i>.] <def>To cheat; to defraud; to
beguile; to deceive, usually by small arts, or in a pitiful
way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>cozened</i> the world by fine
phrases.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Children may be <i>cozened</i> into a knowledge of
the letters.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Goring loved no man so well but that he would
<i>cozen</i> him,<BR>
and expose him to public mirth for having been cozened.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coz"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To deceive; to
cheat; to act deceitfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some cogging, <i>cozening</i> slave.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Coz"en*age</hw> (-&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cozen</u>, and cf. <u>Cousinage</u>.] <def>The art or practice
of cozening; artifice; fraud.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coz"en*er</hw> (k?z"'n-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who cheats or defrauds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*zier</hw> (k?"zh?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cosier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"zi*ly</hw> (k?"z?-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Snugly; comfortably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"zi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being cozy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"zy</hw> (k?"z?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Cozier</u> (-z?-?r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Coziest</u>.] [Cf. Scot.
<i>cosie</i>, <i>cozie</i>, prob. from Gael. <i>cosach</i>
abounding in hollows, or <i>cosagach</i> full of holes or
crevices, snug, sheltered, from <i>cos</i> a hollow, a
crevice.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Snug; comfortable; easy;
contented.</def> [Written also <i>cosey</i> and <i>cosy</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>causer</i> to chat, talk.]
<def>Chatty; talkative; sociable; familiar.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Co"zy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cozy</u>,<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A wadded covering for a
teakettle or other vessel to keep the contents hot.</def></p>

<p><! p. 338 !></p>

<p><hw>Crab</hw> (kr&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>crabba</i>; akin to D. <i>krab</i>, G.  <i>krabbe</i>,
<i>krebs</i>, Icel. <i>krabbi</i>, Sw. <i>krabba</i>, Dan.
<i>krabbe</i>, and perh. to E. <i>cramp</i>. Cf.
<u>Crawfish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of the brachyuran Crustacea. They are mostly marine, and usually
have a broad, short body, covered with a strong shell or
carapace. The abdomen is small and curled up beneath the
body.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is applied to all the Brachyura, and to
certain Anomura, as the hermit <i>crabs</i>.  Formerly, it was
sometimes applied to Crustacea in general. Many species are
edible, the blue crab of the Atlantic coast being one of the most
esteemed. The large European edible crab is <i>Cancer
padurus</i>. <i>Soft-shelled crabs</i> are blue crabs that have
recently cast their shells. See <u>Cancer</u>; also, <i>Box
crab</i>, <i>Fiddler crab</i>, <i>Hermit crab</i>, <i>Spider
crab</i>, etc., under <u>Box</u>, <u>Fiddler</u>. etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The zodiacal constellation
Cancer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [See <u>Crab</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A crab apple; -- so named from its harsh
taste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When roasted <i>crabs</i> hiss in the bowl,<BR>
Then nightly sings the staring owl.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A cudgel made of the wood of the crab
tree; a crabstick.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Garrick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
movable winch or windlass with powerful gearing, used with
derricks, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A form of windlass,
or geared capstan, for hauling ships into dock, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A machine used in ropewalks to stretch
the yarn.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A claw for anchoring a
portable machine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calling crab</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Fiddler</u>., <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Crab
apple</b></col>, <cd>a small, sour apple, of several kinds; also,
the tree which bears it; as, the European <i>crab apple</i>
(<i>Pyrus Malus</i> var. <i>sylvestris</i>); the Siberian <i>crab
apple</i> (<i>Pyrus baccata</i>); and the American (<i>Pyrus
coronaria</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Crab grass</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A grass (<i>Digitaria, or
Panicum, sanguinalis</i>); -- called also <i>finger
grass</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A grass of the genus
<i>Eleusine</i> (<i>E. Indica</i>); -- called also <i>dog's-tail
grass</i>, <i>wire grass</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Crab
louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species of louse
(<i>Phthirius pubis</i>), sometimes infesting the human
body.</cd> -- <col><b>Crab plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an Asiatic plover (<i>Dromas ardeola</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Crab's eyes</b></col>, or <col><b>Crab's
stones</b></col>, <cd>masses of calcareous matter found, at
certain seasons of the year, on either side of the stomach of the
European crawfishes, and formerly used in medicine for absorbent
and antacid purposes; the gastroliths.</cd> -- <col><b>Crab
spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of a group of
spiders (<i>Laterigrad&aelig;</i>); -- called because they can
run backwards or sideways like a crab.</cd> -- <col><b>Crab
tree</b></col>, <cd>the tree that bears crab applies.</cd> --
<col><b>Crab wood</b></col>, <cd>a light cabinet wood obtained in
Guiana, which takes a high polish.</cd> <i>McElrath.</i> --
<col><b>To catch a crab</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a phrase
used of a rower</cd>: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>when he fails to
raise his oar clear of the water</cd>; <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>when he misses the water altogether in making a
stroke.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crab</hw> (kr&abreve;b), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make sour or morose; to
embitter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sickness sours or <i>crabs</i> our nature.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat with a crabstick.</def> [Obs.]
<i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crab</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i><def>To
drift sidewise or to leeward, as a vessel.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crab</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prob. from the same root
as <i>crab</i>, <i>n.</i>] <def>Sour; rough; austere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>crab</i> vintage of the neighb'ring
coast.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crab"bed</hw> (kr?b"b?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Crab</u>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Characterized by or manifesting, sourness, peevishness, or
moroseness; harsh; cross; cynical; -- applied to feelings,
disposition, or manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Crabbed</i> age and youth can not live
together.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by harshness or
roughness; unpleasant; -- applied to things; as, a <i>crabbed</i>
taste.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Obscure; difficult; perplexing;
trying; as, a <i>crabbed</i> author.</def> "<i>Crabbed</i>
eloquence."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How charming is divine philosophy!<BR>
Not harsh and <i>crabbed</i>, as dull fools suppose.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Cramped; irregular; as, <i>crabbed</i>
handwriting.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Crab"bed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  --
<wf>Crab"bed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Crab"ber</hw> (kr?b"b?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who catches crabs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crab"bing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or art of catching crabs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>The fighting of
hawks with each other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Woolen Manuf.)</i> <def>A process of
scouring cloth between rolls in a machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crab"bish</hw> (kr&abreve;b"b&ibreve;sh),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat sour or cross.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whips of the most <i>crabbish</i>
Satyristes.<BR>
<i>Decker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crab"by</hw> (-b&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Crabbed; difficult, or perplexing.</def> "Persius is
<i>crabby</i>, because ancient."  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crab"eat`er</hw> (kr&abreve;b"&emacr;t`&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The cobia.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An etheostomoid
fish of the southern United States (<i>Hadropterus
nigrofasciatus</i>).</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A small
European heron (<i>Ardea minuta</i>, and other allied
species).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra"ber</hw> (kr&amacr;"b&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The water rat.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crab"faced`</hw> (kr&abreve;b"f&amacr;st`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a sour, disagreeable
countenance.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crab"si`dle</hw> (-s&imacr;`d'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To move sidewise, as a crab. [Jocular].</def>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crab"stick`</hw> (-st&ibreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A stick, cane, or cudgel, made of the wood of the crab
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crab" tree</hw> (tr&emacr;`). <def>See under
<u>Crab</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crab"-yaws`</hw> (kr?b"y?z`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease in the West Indies. It is a kind of
ulcer on the soles of the feet, with very hard edges. See
<u>Yaws</u>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crache</hw> (kr&abreve;ch), <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>To
scratch.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crack</hw> (kr&abreve;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cracked</u> (kr&abreve;kt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cracking</u>.] [OE.
<i>cracken</i>, <i>craken</i>, to crack, break, boast, AS.
<i>cracian</i>, <i>cearcian</i>, to crack; akin to D.
<i>kraken</i>, G. <i>krachen</i>; cf. Skr. <i>garj</i> to rattle,
or perh. of imitative origin. Cf. <u>Crake</u>, <u>Cracknel</u>,
<u>Creak</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To break or burst, with or without
entire separation of the parts; as, to <i>crack</i> glass; to
<i>crack</i> nuts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rend with grief or pain; to affect
deeply with sorrow; hence, to disorder; to distract; to
craze.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, madam, my old heart is <i>cracked</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He thought none poets till their brains were
<i>cracked</i>.<BR>
<i>Roscommon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to sound suddenly and
sharply; to snap; as, to <i>crack</i> a whip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To utter smartly and sententiously;
as, to <i>crack</i> a joke.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cry up; to extol; -- followed by
<i>up</i>.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><col><b>To crack a bottle</b></col>, <cd>to open the bottle
and drink its contents.</cd> -- <col><b>To crack a
crib</b></col>, <cd>to commit burglary.</cd> [Slang] --
<col><b>To crack on</b></col>, <cd>to put on; as, <i>to crack
on</i> more sail, or more steam.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Crack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To burst or open in chinks; to break, with or without quite
separating into parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By misfortune it <i>cracked</i> in the coling.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The mirror <i>cracked</i> from side to side.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be ruined or impaired; to
fail.</def> [Collog.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The credit . . . of exchequers <i>cracks</i>, when
little comes in and much goes out.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter a loud or sharp, sudden
sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As thunder when the clouds in autumn
<i>crack</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To utter vain, pompous words; to brag;
to boast; -- with <i>of</i>.</def> [Archaic.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ethoipes of their sweet complexion
<i>crack</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
partial separation of parts, with or without a perceptible
opening; a chink or fissure; a narrow breach; a crevice; as, a
<i>crack</i> in timber, or in a wall, or in glass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rupture; flaw; breach, in a moral
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My love to thee is sound, sans <i>crack</i> or
flaw.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sharp, sudden sound or report; the
sound of anything suddenly burst or broken; as, the <i>crack</i>
of a falling house; the <i>crack</i> of thunder; the <i>crack</i>
of a whip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will the stretch out to the <i>crack</i> of
doom?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The tone of voice when changed at
puberty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though now our voices<BR>
Have got the mannish <i>crack</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Mental flaw; a touch of craziness;
partial insanity; as, he has a <i>crack</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A crazy or crack-brained person.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . can not get the Parliament to listen to
me, who look upon me as a <i>crack</i> and a projector.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A boast; boasting.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Crack</i> and brags." <i>Burton.</i> "Vainglorius
<i>cracks</i>." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Breach of chastity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A boy, generally a pert, lively
boy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Val.</i> 'T is a noble child. <i>Vir.</i> A
<i>crack</i>, madam.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A brief time; an instant; as, to be
with one in a <i>crack</i>.</def> [Eng. &amp; Scot. Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Free conversation; friendly
chat.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What is <i>crack</i> in English? . . . A
<i>crack</i> is . . . a chat with a good, kindly human heart in
it.<BR>
<i>P. P. Alexander.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crack</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of superior
excellence; having qualities to be boasted of.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One of our <i>crack</i> speakers in the
Commons.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crack"-brained`</hw> (-br&amacr;nd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having an impaired intellect; whimsical; crazy.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cracked</hw> (kr&abreve;kt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Coarsely ground or broken; as,
<i>cracked</i> wheat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Crack-brained.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Crack"er</hw> (kr&abreve;k"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that
which, cracks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A noisy boaster; a swaggering
fellow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>cracker</i> is this same that deafs our
ears?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small firework, consisting of a
little powder inclosed in a thick paper cylinder with a fuse, and
exploding with a sharp noise; -- often called
<i>firecracker</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A thin, dry biscuit, often hard or
crisp; as, a Boston <i>cracker</i>; a Graham <i>cracker</i>; a
soda <i>cracker</i>; an oyster <i>cracker</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A nickname to designate a poor white
in some parts of the Southern United States.</def>
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pintail
duck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A pair of
fluted rolls for grinding caoutchouc.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crac"kle</hw> (kr&abreve;k"k'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[Dim. of <i>crack</i>.] <def>To make slight cracks; to make
small, sharp, sudden noises, rapidly or frequently repeated; to
crepitate; as, burning thorns <i>crackle</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unknown ice that <i>crackles</i> underneath
them.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crac"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The noise of slight and frequent cracks or reports; a
crackling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>crackle</i> of fireworks.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of crackling
sound or r&acirc;le, heard in some abnormal states of the lungs;
as, dry <i>crackle</i>; moist <i>crackle</i>.</def>
<i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A condition
produced in certain porcelain, fine earthenware, or glass, in
which the glaze or enamel appears to be cracked in all
directions, making a sort of reticulated surface; as, Chinese
<i>crackle</i>; Bohemian <i>crackle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crac"kled</hw> (-k'ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Fine
Arts)</i> <def>Covered with minute cracks in the glaze; -- said
of some kinds of porcelain and fine earthenware.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crac"kle*ware`</hw> (-w?r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Crackle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crac"kling</hw> (kr?k"kl?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The making of small, sharp cracks or
reports, frequently repeated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the <i>crackling</i> of thorns under a pot, so
is the laughter of the fool.<BR>
<i>Eccl. vii. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The well-browned, crisp rind of
roasted pork.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the first time in his life he tested
<i>crackling</i>.<BR>
<i>Lamb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Food for dogs, made from
the refuse of tallow melting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crack"nel</hw> (kr?k"n?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>craquelin</i>, fr. D.  <i>krakeling</i>, fr. <i>krakken</i> to
crack. See <u>Crack</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A hard
brittle cake or biscuit.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cracks"man</hw> (kr?ks"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cracksmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>A
burglar.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Cra*co"vi*an</hw> (kr?-k?"v?-<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Cracow in
Poland.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cra*co`vi*enne"</hw> (kr?-k?`v?-?n"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>Cracow</i>, the city.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A lively Polish dance, in 2-4 time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra"cowes</hw> (kr?"k?z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>Long-toed boots or shoes formerly worn in many parts of
Europe; -- so called from <i>Cracow</i>, in Poland, where they
were first worn in the fourteenth century.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cra"dle</hw> (kr&amacr;d'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cradel</i>, <i>cradol</i>, prob. from Celtic; cf. Gael.
<i>creathall</i>, Ir. <i>craidhal</i>, W. <i>cryd</i> a shaking
or rocking, a cradle; perh. akin to E. <i>crate</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bed or cot for a baby, oscillating on
rockers or swinging on pivots; hence, the place of origin, or in
which anything is nurtured or protected in the earlier period of
existence; as, a <i>cradle</i> of crime; the <i>cradle</i> of
liberty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cradle</i> that received thee at thy
birth.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No sooner was I crept out of my <i>cradle</i><BR>
But I was made a king, at nine months old.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Infancy, or very early life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From their <i>cradles</i> bred together.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A form of worship in which they had been educated
from their <i>cradles</i>.<BR>
 <i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>An implement
consisting of a broad scythe for cutting grain, with a set of
long fingers parallel to the scythe, designed to receive the
grain, and to lay it evenly in a swath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Engraving)</i> <def>A tool used in
mezzotint engraving, which, by a rocking motion, raises burrs on
the surface of the plate, so preparing the ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A framework of timbers, or iron bars,
moving upon ways or rollers, used to support, lift, or carry
ships or other vessels, heavy guns, etc., as up an inclined
plane, or across a strip of land, or in launching a
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
case for a broken or dislocated limb.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A frame to keep the bedclothes from contact with the
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
machine on rockers, used in washing out auriferous earth; -- also
called a <i>rocker</i>.</def> [U.S.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
suspended scaffold used in shafts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>The ribbing for vaulted
ceilings and arches intended to be covered with plaster.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The basket or apparatus
in which, when a line has been made fast to a wrecked ship from
the shore, the people are brought off from the wreck.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cat's cradle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cat</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Cradle hole</b></col>, <cd>a sunken place in a road,
caused by thawing, or by travel over a soft spot.</cd> --
<col><b>Cradle scythe</b></col>, <cd>a broad scythe used in a
cradle for cutting grain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cra"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cradled</u> (-d'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cradling</u> (-dl?ng).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To lay to rest, or rock, as in a cradle; to lull or quiet,
as by rocking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>cradles</i> their fears to sleep.<BR>
<i>D. A. Clark.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To nurse or train in
infancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that hath been <i>cradled</i> in majesty will
not leave the throne to play with beggars.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut and lay with a cradle, as
grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To transport a vessel by means of a
cradle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In Lombardy . . . boats are <i>cradled</i> and
transported over the grade.<BR>
<i>Knight.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To cradle a picture</b></col>, <cd>to put ribs across
the back of a picture, to prevent the panels from
warping.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cra"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lie or
lodge, as in a cradle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Withered roots and husks wherein the acorn
<i>cradled</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cra"dling</hw> (-dl?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of using a cradle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Coopering)</i> <def>Cutting a cask into
two pieces lengthwise, to enable it to pass a narrow place, the
two parts being afterward united and rehooped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>The framework in arched
or coved ceilings to which the laths are nailed.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Craft</hw> (kr&adot;ft), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cr&aelig;ft</i> strength, skill, art, cunning; akin to OS.,
G., Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>kraft</i> strength, D. <i>kracht</i>, Icel.
<i>kraptr</i>; perh. originally, a drawing together, stretching,
from the root of E. <i>cramp</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Strength; might; secret power.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Art or skill; dexterity in particular
manual employment; hence, the occupation or employment itself;
manual art; a trade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye know that by this <i>craft</i> we have our
wealth.<BR>
<i>Acts xix. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A poem is the work of the poet; poesy is his skill
or <i>craft</i> of making.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Since the birth of time, throughout all ages and
nations,<BR>
Has the <i>craft</i> of the smith been held in repute.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Those engaged in any trade, taken
collectively; a guild; as, the <i>craft</i> of
ironmongers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The control of trade passed from the merchant
guilds to the new <i>craft</i> guilds.<BR>
<i>J. R. Green.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Cunning, art, or skill, in a bad
sense, or applied to bad purposes; artifice; guile; skill or
dexterity employed to effect purposes by deceit or shrewd
devices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have that crooked wisdom which is called
<i>craft</i>.<BR>
<i>Hobbes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The chief priests and the scribes sought how they
might take him by <i>craft</i>, and put him to death.<BR>
<i>Mark xiv. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel; vessels of
any kind; -- generally used in a collective sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The evolutions of the numerous tiny <i>craft</i>
moving over the lake.<BR>
<i>Prof. Wilson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Small crafts</b></col>, <cd>small vessels, as sloops,
schooners, ets.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Craft</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To play tricks;
to practice artifice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You have <i>crafted</i> fair.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>crafter</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>a creator of great
skill in the manual arts.</def><BR>
<b>Syn. --</b> craftsman.<BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><hw>Craft"i*ly</hw> (-?-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See
<u>Crafty</u>.] <def>With craft; artfully; cunningly.</def></p>

<p><! p. 339 !></p>

<p><hw>Craft"i*ness</hw> (kr?ft"?-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Dexterity in devising and effecting a purpose; cunning;
artifice; stratagem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He taketh the wise in their own
<i>craftiness</i>.<BR>
<i>Job. v. 13.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Craft"less</hw> (-l?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
craft or cunning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Helpless, <i>craftless</i>, and innocent
people.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crafts"man</hw> (kr?fts"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Craftsmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>One
skilled in some trade or manual occupation; an artificer; a
mechanic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crafts"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The work
of a craftsman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crafts"mas`ter</hw> (-m?s`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One skilled in his craft or trade; one of superior
cunning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In cunning persuasion his <i>craftsmaster</i>.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Craft"y</hw> (kr?ft"?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cr&?;ftig</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or
characterized by, craft or skill; dexterous.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Crafty</i> work."  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessing dexterity; skilled;
skillful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A noble <i>crafty</i> man of trees.<BR>
<i>Wyclif.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Skillful at deceiving others;
characterized by craft; cunning; wily.</def> "A pair of
<i>crafty</i> knaves."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With anxious care and <i>crafty</i> wiles.<BR>
<i>J. Baillie.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Skillful; dexterous; cunning; artful; wily;
sly; fraudulent; deceitful; subtle; shrewd. See
<u>Cunning</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Crag</hw> (kr&abreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W.
<i>craig</i>; akin to Gael. <i>creag</i>, Corn. <i>karak</i>,
Armor. <i>karrek</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A steep, rugged
rock; a rough, broken cliff, or point of a rock, on a
ledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>crag</i> to <i>crag</i> the signal
flew.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A partially compacted
bed of gravel mixed with shells, of the Tertiary age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A form of <i>craw</i>:
cf. D.  <i>kraag</i> neck, collar, G.  <i>kragen</i>. See
<u>Craw</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The neck or throat</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And bear the <i>crag</i> so stiff and so
state.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The neck piece or scrag of
mutton.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crag"ged</hw> (-g&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Full of crags, or steep, broken rocks; abounding with
prominences, points, and inequalities; rough; rugged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Into its <i>cragged</i> rents descend.<BR>
<i>J. Baillie.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crag"ged*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being cragged; cragginess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crag"gi*ness</hw> (-g?-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being craggy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crag"gy</hw> (kr&abreve;g"g&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Full of crags; rugged with projecting points of rocks; as,
the <i>craggy</i> side of a mountain.</def> "The <i>craggy</i>
ledge."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crags"man</hw> (kr&abreve;gz"m<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cragsmen</b></plw> (-
m<i>e</i>n). <def>One accustomed to climb rocks or crags; esp.,
one who makes a business of climbing the cliffs overhanging the
sea to get the eggs of sea birds or the birds
themselves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Craie</hw> (kr&amacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Crare</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Craig" floun`der</hw> (kr&amacr;g" floun`d&etilde;r).
[Scot.  <i>craig</i> a rock. See 1st <u>Crag</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pole flounder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crail</hw> (kr&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Creel</u>.] <def>A creel or osier basket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crake</hw> (kr&amacr;k), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Crack</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cry out harshly and
loudly, like the bird called <i>crake</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To boast; to speak loudly and
boastfully.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Each man may <i>crake</i> of that which was his
own.<BR>
<i>Mir. for Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boast. See
<u>Crack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>kr&amacr;ka</i> crow, <i>kr&amacr;kr</i> raven, Sw.
<i>kr&aring;ka</i>, Dan.  <i>krage</i>; perh. of imitative
origin.  Cf. <u>Crow</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species
or rail of the genera <i>Crex</i> and <i>Porzana</i>; -- so
called from its singular cry. See <u>Corncrake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crake"ber`ry</hw> (-b?r`r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Crowberry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crak"er</hw> (kr?k"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
boasts; a braggart.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Old Play.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cram</hw> (kr&abreve;m), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crammed</u> (kr&abreve;md);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cramming</u>.] [AS.
<i>crammian</i> to cram; akin to Icel.  <i>kremja</i> to squeeze,
bruise, Sw.  <i>krama</i> to press. Cf. <u>Cramp</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To press, force, or drive, particularly
in filling, or in thrusting one thing into another; to stuff; to
crowd; to fill to superfluity; as, to <i>cram</i> anything into a
basket; to <i>cram</i> a room with people.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their storehouses <i>crammed</i> with grain.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He will <i>cram</i> his brass down our
throats.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill with food to satiety; to
stuff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Children would be freer from disease if they were
not <i>crammed</i> so much as they are by fond mothers.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cram</i> us with praise, and make us<BR>
As fat as tame things.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put hastily through an extensive
course of memorizing or study, as in preparation for an
examination; as, a pupil is <i>crammed</i> by his
tutor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cram</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To eat greedily, and to satiety; to stuff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gluttony . . . .<BR>
<i>Crams</i>, and blasphemes his feeder.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make crude preparation for a
special occasion, as an examination, by a hasty and extensive
course of memorizing or study.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Cram</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of cramming.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Information hastily memorized; as, a
<i>cram</i> from an examination.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A warp having more
than two threads passing through each dent or split of the
reed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cram"bo</hw> (-b&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Cramp</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, difficult.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A game in which one person gives a word,
to which another finds a rhyme.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw in one corner . . . a cluster of men and
women, diverting themselves with a game at <i>crambo</i>. I heard
several double rhymes . . . which raised a great deal of
mirth.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A word rhyming with another
word.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His similes in order set<BR>
And every <i>crambo</i> he could get.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Dumb crambo</b></col>, <cd>a game in which one party
of players give a word which rhymes with another, which last to
be guessed by the opposing party, who represent in dumb show what
they think it to be.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cram"mer</hw> (kr&abreve;m"m&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who crams; esp., one who prepares a
pupil hastily for an examination, or a pupil who is thus
prepared.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cra*moi"sie</hw> <hw>Cra*moi"sy</hw>} (kr?-moi"z?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.  <i>cramoisi</i> crimson. See
<u>Crimson</u>.] <def>Crimson.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A splendid seignior, magnificent in
<i>cramoisy</i> velevet.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cramp</hw> (kr&abreve;mp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>crampe</i>, <i>craumpe</i>; akin to D. &amp; Sw. <i>kramp</i>,
Dan. <i>krampe</i>, G. <i>krampf</i> (whence F. <i>crampe</i>),
Icel. <i>krappr</i> strait, narrow, and to E. <i>crimp</i>,
<i>crumple</i>; cf. <i>cram</i>. See <u>Grape</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which confines or contracts; a
restraint; a shackle; a hindrance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A narrow fortune is a <i>cramp</i> to a great
mind.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Crippling his pleasures with the <i>cramp</i> of
fear.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>A device, usually of
iron bent at the ends, used to hold together blocks of stone,
timbers, etc.; a cramp iron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A rectangular frame,
with a tightening screw, used for compressing the joints of
framework, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece of wood having a curve
corresponding to that of the upper part of the instep, on which
the upper leather of a boot is stretched to give it the requisite
shape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A spasmodic and painful
involuntary contraction of a muscle or muscles, as of the
leg.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cramp</i>, divers nights, gripeth him in
his legs.<BR>
<i>Sir T. More.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Cramp bone</b></col>, <cd>the patella of a sheep; --
formerly used as a charm for the cramp.</cd> <i>Halliwell.</i>
"He could turn <i>cramp bones</i> into chess men."
<i>Dickens.</i> -- <col><b>Cramp ring</b></col>, <cd>a ring
formerly supposed to have virtue in averting or curing cramp, as
having been consecrated by one of the kings of England on Good
Friday.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cramp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cramped</u> (kr&?;mt; 215); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cramping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
compress; to restrain from free action; to confine and contract;
to hinder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind my be as much <i>cramped</i> by too much
knowledge as by ignorance.<BR>
<i>Layard.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fasten or hold with, or as with, a
cramp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Hence, <def>to bind together; to
unite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . fabric of universal justic is well
<i>cramped</i> and bolted together in all its parts.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To form on a cramp; as, to
<i>cramp</i> boot legs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To afflict with cramp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the gout <i>cramps</i> my joints.<BR>
<i>Ford.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To cramp the wheels of wagon</b></col>, <cd>to turn
the front wheels out of line with the hind wheels, so that one of
them shall be against the body of the wagon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cramp</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Cramp</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Knotty; difficult.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Care being taken not to add any of the
<i>cramp</i> reasons for this opinion.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cram"pet</hw> (kr?m"p?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cramp</u>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A cramp
iron or cramp ring; a chape, as of a scabbard.</def> [Written
also <i>crampit</i> and <i>crampette</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cramp"fish`</hw> (kr?mp"f?sh`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The torpedo, or electric ray, the touch
of which gives an electric shock. See <u>Electric fish</u>, and
<u>Torpedo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cramp" i`ron</hw> (?`rn). <def>See <u>Cramp</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cram"pit</hw> (kr&abreve;m"p&ibreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>See
<u>Crampet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cram"pon</hw> (kr&abreve;m"p&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Crampoons</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An a&euml;rial rootlet for support in climbing, as of
ivy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cram`po*nee"</hw> (kr&abreve;m`p?-n?"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.  <i>cramponn&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Crampoons</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having a cramp or square
piece at the end; -- said of a cross so furnished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cram*poons"</hw> (kr&abreve;m*p&oomac;nz"), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [F.  <i>crampon</i>, fr. OHG. <i>chramph</i>
crooked; akin to G. <i>krampf</i> cramp. See
<u>Cramp</u>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Crampon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A clutch formed of hooked pieces of iron,
like double calipers, for raising stones, lumber, blocks of ice,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Iron instruments with sharp points,
worn on the shoes to assist in gaining or keeping a
foothold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cramp"y</hw> (kr&abreve;mp"&ybreve;), <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Affected with cramp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Productive of, or abounding in,
cramps.</def> "This <i>crampy</i> country."  <i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cran</hw> (kr&abreve;n), <hw>Crane</hw> (kr&amacr;n) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot., fr. Gael. <i>crann</i>.] <def>A
measure for fresh herrings, -- as many as will fill a
barrel.</def> [Scot.]  <i>H. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cran"age</hw> (kr&amacr;n"&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Crane</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The liberty of using
a crane, as for loading and unloading vessels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The money or price paid for the use of
a crane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cran"ber*ry</hw> (kr&abreve;n"b&ebreve;r*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cranberries</b></plw> (-
r&ibreve;z). [So named from its fruit being ripe in the spring
when the <i>cranes</i> return. <i>Dr. Prior.</i>] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A red, acid berry, much used for making sauce, etc.; also,
the plant producing it (several species of <i>Vaccinum</i> or
<i>Oxycoccus</i>.) The <i>high cranberry</i> or <i>cranberry
tree</i> is a species of <i>Viburnum</i> (<i>V. Opulus</i>), and
the other is sometimes called <i>low cranberry</i> or <i>marsh
cranberry</i> to distinguish it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cranch</hw> (kr?nch), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Craunch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crane</hw> (kr&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cran</i>; akin to D. &amp; LG. <i>craan</i>, G.  <i>kranich</i>,
<i>krahn</i> (this in sense 2), Gr. <grk>ge`ranos</grk>, L.
<i>grus</i>, W. &amp; Armor. <i>garan</i>, OSlav.
<i>zerav&ibreve;</i>, Lith. <i>gerve</i>, Icel.  <i>trani</i>,
Sw. <i>trana</i>, Dan. <i>trane</i>. &radic;24. Cf.
<u>Geranium</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
wading bird of the genus <i>Grus</i>, and allied genera, of
various species, having a long, straight bill, and long legs and
neck.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European crane is <i>Grus cinerea</i>. The
sand-hill crane (<i>G. Mexicana</i>) and the whooping crane
(<i>G. Americana</i>) are large American species. The Balearic or
crowned crane is <i>Balearica pavonina</i>. The name is sometimes
erroneously applied to the herons and cormorants.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine for raising and lowering
heavy weights, and, while holding them suspended, transporting
them through a limited lateral distance. In one form it consists
of a projecting arm or jib of timber or iron, a rotating post or
base, and the necessary tackle, windlass, etc.; -- so called from
a fancied similarity between its arm and the neck of a crane See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Derrick</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An iron arm with horizontal motion,
attached to the side or back of a fireplace, for supporting
kettles, etc., over a fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A siphon, or bent pipe, for drawing
liquors out of a cask.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A forked post or
projecting bracket to support spars, etc., -- generally used in
pairs. See <u>Crotch</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crane fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
dipterous insect with long legs, of the genus <i>Tipula</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Derrick crane</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Derrick</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Gigantic crane</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Adjutant</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> --
<col><b>Traveling crane</b></col>, <col><b>Traveler
crane</b></col>, <col><b>Traversing crane</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a crane mounted on wheels; esp., an overhead
crane consisting of a crab or other hoisting apparatus traveling
on rails or beams fixed overhead, as in a machine shop or
foundry.</cd> -- <col><b>Water crane</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
hydrant with a long swinging spout, for filling locomotive
tenders, water carts, etc., with water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crane</hw> (kr&amacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Craned</u> (kr&amacr;nd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Craning</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to rise; to raise or lift, as by
a crane; -- with <i>up</i>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What engines, what instruments are used in
<i>craning</i> up a soul, sunk below the center, to the highest
heavens.<BR>
<i>Bates.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An upstart <i>craned</i> up to the height he
has.<BR>
<i>Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stretch, as a crane stretches its
neck; as, to <i>crane</i> the neck disdainfully.</def>  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>crane</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>to reach forward
with head and neck, in order to see better; as, a hunter
<i>cranes</i> forward before taking a leap.</def>
<i>Beaconsfield. Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The passengers eagerly <i>craning</i> forward over
the bulwarks.<BR>
<i>Howells.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crane's"-bill`</hw> (kr?nz"b?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The geranium; -- so named
from the long axis of the fruit, which resembles the beak of a
crane.</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A pair of long-beaked
forceps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crang</hw> (kr?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Krang</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cra"ni*a</hw> (kr?"n?-?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of living Brachiopoda; -- so
called from its fancied resemblance to the cranium or
skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra"ni*al</hw> (kr?"n?-a]/>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the cranium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra"ni*o*clasm</hw> (kr?"n?-?-kl?z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cranium</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?; to break.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The crushing of a child's head, as with the
cranioclast or craniotomy forceps in cases of very difficult
delivery.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cra"ni*o*clast</hw> (-kl?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument for crushing the head of a
fetus, to facilitate delivery in difficult eases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra`ni*o*fa"cial</hw> (-f?"sh<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the cranium and
face; as, the <i>craniofacial</i> angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra`ni*og"no*my</hw> (-?g"n?-m?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cranium</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;. to know.]
<def>The science of the form and characteristics of the
skull.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cra`ni*o*log"ic*al</hw> (-?-l?j"?-k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
craniology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra`ni*ol"o*gist</hw> (-?l"?-j?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One proficient in craniology; a phrenologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra`ni*ol"o*gy</hw> (-j?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cranium</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The department of science
(as of ethnology or arch&aelig;ology) which deals with the shape,
size, proportions, indications, etc., of skulls; the study of
skulls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra`ni*om"e*ter</hw> (kr?`n?-?m"?-t?r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cranium</i>  +  <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An
instrument for measuring the size of skulls.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cra`ni*o*met"ric</hw> (-?-m?t"r?k),
<hw>Cra`ni*o*met"ric*al</hw> (-r?-k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to craniometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra`ni*om"e*try</hw> (kr?`n?-?m"?-tr?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or act of measuring
skulls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra`ni*os"co*pist</hw> (kr?`n?-?s"k?-p?st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in, or who practices,
cranioscopy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was found of equal dimension in a literary man
whose skull puzzied the <i>cranioscopists</i>.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cra`ni*os"co*py</hw> (-p?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cranium</i> +  <i>-scopy</i>.] <def>Scientific examination of
the cranium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cra`ni*o"ta</hw> (kr?`n?-?t?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr.  <i>cranium</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
comprehensive division of the Vertebrata, including all those
that have a skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra`ni*ot"o*my</hw> (kr?`n?-?t"?-m?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cranium</i>  + Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; to cut off.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The operation of opening the fetal head, in order to effect
delivery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra"ni*um</hw> (kr?"n?-?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i>  E.  <plw><b>Craniums</b></plw> (-&?;mz), L.
<plw><b>Crania</b></plw> (-&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;; akin
to <grk>ka`ra</grk> head.] <def>The skull of an animal;
especially, that part of the skull, either cartilaginous or bony,
which immediately incloses the brain; the brain case or brainpan.
See <u>Skull</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crank</hw> (kr?nk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cranke</i>; akin to E.  <i>cringe</i>, <i>cringle</i>,
<i>crinkle</i>, and to <i>crank</i>, <i>a.</i>, the root meaning,
probably, "to turn, twist." See <u>Cringe</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A bent portion of an axle,
or shaft, or an arm keyed at right angles to the end of a shaft,
by which motion is imparted to or received from it; also used to
change circular into reciprocating motion, or reciprocating into
circular motion. See <u>Bell crank</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any bend, turn, or winding, as of a
passage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So many turning <i>cranks</i> these have, so many
crooks.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 340 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A twist or turn in speech; a conceit
consisting in a change of the form or meaning of a
word.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quips, and <i>cranks</i>, and wanton wiles.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A twist or turn of the mind; caprice;
whim; crotchet; also, a fit of temper or passion.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Violent of temper; subject to sudden
<i>cranks</i>.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A person full of crotchets; one given
to fantastic or impracticable projects; one whose judgment is
perverted in respect to a particular matter.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A sick person; an invalid.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art a counterfeit <i>crank</i>, a
cheater.<BR>
<i>Burton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Crank axle</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a driving
axle formed with a crank or cranks, as in some kinds of
locomotives.</cd> -- <col><b>Crank pin</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>the cylindrical piece which forms the handle, or to which the
connecting rod is attached, at the end of a crank, or between the
arms of a double crank.</cd> -- <col><b>Crank shaft</b></col>,
<cd>a shaft bent into a crank, or having a crank fastened to it,
by which it drives or is driven.</cd> -- <col><b>Crank
wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel acting as a crank, or having a wrist
to which a connecting rod is attached.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crank</hw> (kr?nk), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cranc</i> weak ; akin to Icel.  <i>krangr</i>, D. &amp; G.
<i>krank</i> sick, weak (cf. D. <i>krengen</i> to careen). Cf.
<u>Crank</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sick;
infirm.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Liable to careen or be
overset, as a ship when she is too narrow, or has not sufficient
ballast, or is loaded too high, to carry full sail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Full of spirit; brisk; lively;
sprightly; overconfident; opinionated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He who was, a little before, bedrid, . . . was now
<i>crank</i> and lusty.<BR>
<i>Udall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If you strong electioners did not think you were
among the elect, you would not be so <i>crank</i> about it.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Stowe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Crank</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To run with a winding course; to
double; to crook; to wind and turn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See how this river comes me <i>cranking</i>
in.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crank"bird`</hw> (-b?rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small European woodpecker (<i>Picus
minor</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cranked</hw> (kr?nkt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed
with, or having, a bend or crank; as, a <i>cranked</i>
axle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crank"i*ness</hw> (kr?nk"?-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Crankness.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cran"kle</hw> (kr?n"k'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Crinkle</u>.] <def>To break into bends, turns, or angles; to
crinkle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old Veg's stream . . . drew her humid train
aslope,<BR>
<i>Crankling</i> her banks.<BR>
<i>J. Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cran"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bend, turn,
or wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Along the <i>crankling</i> path.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cran"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bend or turn; a
twist; a crinkle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crank"ness</hw> (kr?nk"n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Liability to be overset; -
- said of a ship or other vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sprightliness; vigor;
health.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crank"y</hw> (-?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of spirit; crank.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Addicted to crotchets and whims;
unreasonable in opinions; crotchety.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unsteady; easy to upset;
crank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cran"nied</hw> (kr?n"n?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having crannies, chinks, or fissures; as, a <i>crannied</i>
wall.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cran"nog</hw> (kr?n"n?g), <hw>Cran"noge</hw> (kr?n"n?j)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Celtic; cf. Gael. <i>crann</i> a
tree.] <def>One of the stockaded islands in Scotland and Ireland
which in ancient times were numerous in the lakes of both
countries. They may be regarded as the very latest class of
prehistoric strongholds, reaching their greatest development in
early historic times, and surviving through the Middle Ages. See
also <i>Lake dwellings</i>, under <u>Lake</u>.</def>  <i>Encyc.
Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cran"ny</hw> (kr&abreve;n"n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Crannies</b></plw> (-
n&ibreve;z). [F. <i>cran</i> notch, prob. from L. <i>crena</i> (a
doubful word).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small, narrow opening,
fissure, crevice, or chink, as  in a wall, or other
substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a firm building, the cavities ought not to be
filled with rubbish, but with brick or stone fitted to the
<i>crannies</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He peeped into every <i>cranny</i>.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Glass Making)</i> <def>A tool for
forming the necks of bottles, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cran"ny</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crannied</u> (-n?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Crannying</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To crack
into, or become full of, crannies.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The ground did <i>cranny</i> everywhere.<BR>
<i>Golding.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To haunt, or enter by,
crannies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All tenantless, save to the <i>crannying</i>
wind.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cran"ny</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Perh. for
<i>cranky</i>. See <u>Crank</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> ]
<def>Quick; giddy; thoughtless.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cran*ta"ra</hw> (kr?n-t?"r? or -t?"r?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>cranntara</i>.] <def>The fiery
cross, used as a rallying signal in the Highlands of
Scotland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crants</hw> (kr&abreve;nts), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>krans</i>, G.  <i>kranz</i>.] <def>A garland carried before
the bier of a maiden.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet here she is allowed her virgin <i>crants</i>,
Her maiden strewments.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crap"au*dine</hw> (kr?p"?-d?n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Turning on pivots at
the top and bottom; -- said of a door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crap"au*dine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>An ulcer on the coronet of a horse.</def>
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crape</hw> (kr&amacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cr&ecirc;pe</i>, fr. L.  <i>crispus</i> curled, crisped. See
<u>Crisp</u>.] <def>A thin, crimped stuff, made of raw silk
gummed and twisted on the mill. Black crape is much used for
mourning garments, also for the dress of some
clergymen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A saint in <i>crape</i> is twice a saint in
lawn.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Crape myrtle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a very
ornamental shrub (<i>Lagerstr&ouml;mia Indica</i>) from the East
Indies, often planted in the Southern United States. Its foliage
is like that of the myrtle, and the flower has wavy crisped
petals.</cd> -- <col><b>Oriental crape</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Canton crape</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crape</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Craped</u> (kr&amacr;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Craping</u>.] [F. <i>cr&ecirc;per</i>, fr. L.
<i>crispare</i> to curl, crisp, fr. <i>crispus</i>. See
<u>Crape</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To form into ringlets;
to curl; to crimp; to friz; as, to <i>crape</i> the hair; to
<i>crape</i> silk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hour for curling and <i>craping</i> the
hair.<BR>
<i>Mad. D'Arblay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crape"fish`</hw> (kr?p"f?sh`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Salted codfish hardened by pressure.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crap"nel</hw> (kr?p"n<i>e</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A hook or drag; a grapnel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crap"pie</hw> (kr?p"p?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of fresh-water bass of the genus
<i>Pomoxys</i>, found in the rivers of the Southern United States
and Mississippi valley. There are several species.</def> [Written
also <i>croppie</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Crap"ple</hw> (kr?p"p'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Graple</u>.] <def>A claw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Craps</hw> (kr?ps), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gambling
game with dice.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Crap"u*la</hw> (kr?p"?-l?), <hw>Crap"ule</hw>
(kr?p"?l), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>crapula</i>
intoxication.] <def>Same as <u>Crapulence</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crap"u*lence</hw> (-?-l<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The sickness occasioned by intemperance; surfeit.</def>
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Crap"u*lent</hw> (-l<i>e</i>nt), <hw>Crap"u*lous</hw> (-
l?s), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>crapulentus</i>,
<i>crapulosus</i>: cf. F.  <i>crapuleux</i>.] <def>Surcharged
with liquor; sick from excessive indulgence in liquor; drunk;
given to excesses.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Crap"y</hw> (kr?p"?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
crape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crare</hw> (kr?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>craier</i>, <i>creer</i>, <i>croyer</i>, ship of war, LL.
<i>craiera</i>, <i>creyera</i>, perh. from G. <i>krieger</i>
warrior, or D. <i>krijger</i>.] <def>A slow unwieldy trading
vessel.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>crayer</i>, <i>cray</i>,
and <i>craie</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crase</hw> (kr?z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Craze</u>.] <def>To break in pieces; to crack.</def> [Obs.]
"The pot was <i>crased</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crash</hw> (kr&abreve;sh>), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crashed</u> (kr&abreve;sht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crashing</u>.] [OE.
<i>crashen</i>, the same word as <i>crasen</i> to break, E.
<i>craze</i>. See <u>Craze</u>.] <def>To break in pieces
violently; to dash together with noise and violence.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He shakt his head, and <i>crasht</i> his teeth for
ire.<BR>
<i>Fairfax.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a loud, clattering sound, as of many things falling
and breaking at once; to break in pieces with a harsh
noise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Roofs were blazing and walls <i>crashing</i> in
every part of the city.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break with violence and noise; as,
the chimney in falling <i>crashed</i> through the roof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
loud, sudden, confused sound, as of many things falling and
breaking at once.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wreck of matter and the <i>crash</i> of
worlds.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ruin; failure; sudden breaking down,
as of a business house or a commercial enterprise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>crassus</i>
coarse. See <u>Crass</u>.] <def>Coarse, heavy, narrow linen
cloth, used esp. for towels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crash"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The noise of
many things falling and breaking at once.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There shall be . . . a great <i>crashing</i> from
the hills.<BR>
<i>Zeph. i. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cra"sis</hw> (kr?"s?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.,
temperament, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?; to mix.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A mixture of constituents,
as of the blood; constitution; temperament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A contraction of two
vowels (as the final and initial vowels of united words) into one
long vowel, or into a diphthong; syn&aelig;resis; as, <i>cogo</i>
for <i>coago</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cras`pe*do"ta</hw> (kr?s`p?-d?"t?), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; to be bordered or
edged.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hydroid or naked-eyed
medus&aelig;. See <u>Hydroidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cras"pe*dote</hw> (kr?s"p?-d?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Craspedota.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crass</hw> (kr?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>crassus</i>
thick, fat, gross, prob. orig., closely woven.  See <u>Grease</u>
animal fat, and cf. <u>Crate</u>, <u>Hurdle</u>.] <def>Gross;
thick; dense; coarse; not elaborated or refined.</def>
"<i>Crass</i> and fumid exhalations." <i>Sir. T. Browne.</i>
"<i>Crass</i> ignorance" <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cras"sa*ment</hw> (kr?s"s?-m<i>e</i>nt),
<hw>||Cras`sa*men"tum</hw> (-m?n"t?m), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>crassamentum</i>, fr.  <i>crassare</i> to make thick. See
<u>Crass</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A semisolid mass or
clot, especially that formed in coagulation of the
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cras"si*ment</hw> (kr?s"s?-m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Crassament</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cras"si*tude</hw> (-t?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crassitudo</i>.] <def>Grossness; coarseness; thickness;
density.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crass"ness</hw> (kr?s"n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Grossness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cras`ti*na"tion</hw> (kr?s`t?-n?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.  <i>crastinus</i> of to-morrow, from
<i>cras</i> to-morrow.] <def>Procrastination; a putting off till
to-morrow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cra*t&aelig;"gus</hw> (kr?-t?"g?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>krataigo`s</grk>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of small, hardy trees, including the hawthorn, much used for
ornamental purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cratch</hw> (kr?ch; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cracche</i>, <i>crecche</i>, F. <i>cr&egrave;che</i> crib,
manger, fr. OHG. <i>krippa</i>, <i>krippea</i>, G. <i>krippe</i>
crib. See <u>Crib</u>.] <def>A manger or open frame for hay; a
crib; a rack.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Begin from first where He encradled was,<BR>
In simple <i>cratch</i>, wrapt in a wad of hay.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Cratch cradle</b></col>, <cd>a representation of the
figure of the cratch, made upon the fingers with a string; cat's
cradle; -- called also <i>scratch cradle</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crate</hw> (kr?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cratis</i>
hurdle; perh. akin to E.  <i>cradle</i>.  See <u>Hurdle</u>, and
cf. <u>Crate</u> a framework.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large
basket or hamper of wickerwork, used for the transportation of
china, crockery, and similar wares.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A box or case whose sides are of
wooden slats with interspaces, -- used especially for
transporting fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Crating</u>.] <def>To pack in a crate or case for
transportation; as, to <i>crate</i> a sewing machine; to
<i>crate</i> peaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra"ter</hw> (kr?t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crater</i>, <i>cratera</i>, a mixing vessel, the mouth of a
volcano, Gr. <grk>krath`r</grk>, fr. <grk>keranny`nai</grk> to
mix; cf. Skr. <i>&ccedil;r&imacr;</i> to mix, <i>&ccedil;ir</i>
to cook, <i>&ccedil;r&amacr;</i> to cook. Cf. <u>Grail</u>, in
Holy <i>Grail</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The basinlike opening
or mouth of a volcano, through which the chief eruption comes;
similarly, the mouth of a geyser, about which a cone of silica is
often built up.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The pit left by the
explosion of a mine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation of
the southen hemisphere; -- called also the <i>Cup</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra*ter"i*form</hw> (kr?-t?r"?-f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>cratera</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the
form of a shallow bowl; -- said of a corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra"ter*ous</hw> (kr?"t?r-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a crater.</def> [R.]  <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Craunch</hw> (kr?nch), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Craunched</u> (kr?ncht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Craunching</u>.] [See
<u>Crunch</u>.] <def>To crush with the teeth; to chew with
violence and noise; to crunch.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cra*vat"</hw> (kr?-v?t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cravate</i>, fr. <i>Cravate</i> a Croat, an inhabitant of
Croatia, one of a body of Austrian troops, from whom, in 1636,
this article of dress was adopted in France.] <def>A neckcloth; a
piece of silk, fine muslin, or other cloth, worn by men about the
neck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While his wig was combed and his <i>cravat</i>
tied.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cra*vat`ted</hw> (kr?-v?t"t?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Wearing a cravat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The young men faultlessly appointed, handsomely
<i>cravatted</i>.<BR>
<i>Thackeray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crave</hw> (kr&amacr;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Craved</u> (kr&amacr;vd);
<pos><i>p pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Craving</u>.] [AS.
<i>crafian</i>; akin to Icel. <i>krefja</i>, Sw.
<i>kr&auml;fva</i>, Dan.  <i>kr&aelig;ve</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To ask with earnestness or importunity; to ask with
submission or humility; to beg; to entreat; to beseech; to
implore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>crave</i> your honor's pardon.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Joseph . . . went in boldly unto Pilate, and
<i>craved</i> the body of Jesus.<BR>
<i>Mark xv. 43.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To call for, as a gratification; to
long for; hence, to require or demand; as, the stomach
<i>craves</i> food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His path is one that eminently <i>craves</i> weary
walking.<BR>
<i>Edmund Gurney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To ask; seek; beg; beseech; implore; entreat;
solicit; request; supplicate; adjure.</p>

<p><hw>Crave</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To desire
strongly; to feel an insatiable longing; as, a <i>craving</i>
appetite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Once one may <i>crave</i> for love.<BR>
<i>Suckling.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cra"ven</hw> (kr?"v'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cravant</i>, <i>cravaunde</i>, OF. <i>cravant&?;</i> struck
down, p. p. of <i>cravanter</i>, <i>crevanter</i>, to break,
crush, strike down, fr. an assumed LL.  <i>crepantare</i>, fr. L.
<i>crepans</i>, p. pr. of <i>crepare</i> to break, crack, rattle.
Cf. <u>Crevice</u>, <u>Crepitate</u>.] <def>Cowardly;
fainthearted; spiritless.</def> "His <i>craven</i> heart."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The poor <i>craven</i> bridegroom said never a
word.<BR>
<i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>craven</i> fear of the sarcasm of
Dorset.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cra"ven</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly written also
<i>cravant</i> and <i>cravent</i>.] <def>A recreant; a coward; a
weak-hearted, spiritless fellow. See <u>Recreant</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote><qpers>King Henry</qpers>.  Is it fit this soldier
keep his oath?<BR>
<qpers>Fluellen</qpers>.  He is a <i>craven</i> and a villain
else.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Coward; poltroon; dastard.</p>

<p><hw>Cra"ven</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cravened</u> (-v'nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cravening</u>.] <def>To make recreant, weak,
spiritless, or cowardly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is a prohibition so divine,<BR>
That <i>cravens</i> my weak hand.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crav"er</hw> (kr?v"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
craves or begs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crav"ing</hw> (-?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vehement
or urgent desire; longing for; beseeching.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A succession of <i>cravings</i> and satiety.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Crav"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Crav"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Craw</hw> (kr&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D.
<i>kraag</i> neck, collar, G.  <i>kragen</i>, Sw.
<i>kr&auml;fva</i> craw, Dan.  <i>kro</i>, and possibly to Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; (E. <i>bronchus</i>), or <grk>bro`chqos</grk>
throat. &radic;25. Cf. <u>Crag</u> neck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The crop of a bird.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The stomach of an animal.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Craw"fish`</hw> (kr&add;"f&ibreve;sh`),
<hw>Cray"fish`</hw> (kr&amacr;"f&ibreve;sh`) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-fishes</b></plw> or
<plw><b>-fish</b></plw>. [Corrupted fr. OE.  <i>crevis</i>,
<i>creves</i>, OF.  <i>crevice</i>, F.  <i>&eacute;crevisse</i>,
fr. OHG.  <i>krebiz</i> crab, G.  <i>krebs</i>. See <u>Crab</u>.
The ending <i>-fish</i> arose from confusion with E.
<i>fish</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any crustacean of the
family <i>Astacid&aelig;</i>, resembling the lobster, but
smaller, and found in fresh waters. Crawfishes are esteemed very
delicate food both in Europe and America. The North American
species are numerous and mostly belong to the genus
<i>Cambarus</i>. The blind crawfish of the Mammoth Cave is
<i>Cambarus pellucidus</i>. The common European species is
<i>Astacus fluviatilis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Craw"ford</hw> (kr&add;"f&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A Crawford peach; a well-known freestone peach, with yellow
flesh, first raised by Mr. William <i>Crawford</i>, of New
Jersey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crawl</hw> (kr&add;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crawled</u> (kr&add;ld);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crawling</u>.] [Dan.
<i>kravle</i>, or Icel. <i>krafla</i>, to paw, scrabble with the
hands; akin to Sw. <i>kr&auml;la</i> to crawl; cf. LG.
<i>krabbeln</i>, D.  <i>krabbelen</i> to scratch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move slowly by drawing the body along
the ground, as a worm; to move slowly on hands and knees; to
creep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A worm finds what it searches after only by
feeling, as it <i>crawls</i> from one thing to another.<BR>
<i>Grew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence, <def>to move or advance in a feeble,
slow, or timorous manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was hardly able to <i>crawl</i> about the
room.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The meanest thing that <i>crawl'd</i> beneath my
eyes.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 341 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To advance slowly and furtively; to
insinuate one's self; to advance or gain influence by servile or
obsequious conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Secretly <i>crawling</i> up the battered
walls.<BR>
<i>Knolles.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath <i>crawled</i> into the favor of the
king.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Absurd opinions <i>crawl</i> about the world.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have a sensation as of insect
creeping over the body; as, the flesh <i>crawls</i>.  See
<u>Creep</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 7.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crawl</hw> (kr&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or motion of crawling; slow motion, as of a creeping
animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crawl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Kraal</u>.]
<def>A pen or inclosure of stakes and hurdles on the seacoast,
for holding fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crawl"er</hw> (kr&add;l"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, crawls; a creeper; a
reptile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crawl"y</hw> (kr&add;l"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Creepy.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Cray</hw> (kr&amacr;), <hw>Cray"er</hw> (-&etilde;r) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Crare</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cray"fish</hw> (kr&amacr;"f&ibreve;sh),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Crawfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cray"on</hw> (kr&amacr;"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a
crayon, a lead pencil (<i>crayon Cont&eacute;</i> Cont&eacute;'s
pencil, <i>i. e.</i>, one made a black compound invented by
Cont&eacute;), fr. <i>craie</i> chalk, L.  <i>creta</i>; said to
be, properly, Cretan earth, fr. <i>Creta</i> the island Crete.
Cf. <u>Cretaceous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An implement for
drawing, made of clay and plumbago, or of some preparation of
chalk, usually sold in small prisms or cylinders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let no day pass over you . . . without giving some
strokes of the pencil or the <i>crayon</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; The black crayon gives a deeper black than the lead
pencil. This and the colored crayons are often called
<i>chalks</i>. The red crayon is also called <i>sanguine</i>. See
<u>Chalk</u>, and <u>Sanguine</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A crayon drawing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Electricity)</i> <def>A pencil of
carbon used in producing electric light.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crayon board</b></col>, <cd>cardboard with a surface
prepared for crayon drawing.</cd> -- <col><b>Crayon
drawing</b></col>, <cd>the act or art of drawing with crayons; a
drawing made with crayons.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cray"on</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crayoned</u> (-?nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Crayoning</u>.] [Cf. F.  <i>crayonner</i>.]
<def>To sketch, as with a crayon; to sketch or plan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He soon afterwards composed that discourse,
conformably to the plan which he had <i>crayoned</i> out.<BR>
<i>Malone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Craze</hw> (kr&amacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crazed</u> (kr&amacr;zd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crazing</u>.] [OE.
<i>crasen</i> to break, fr. Scand., perh. through OF.; cf. Sw.
<i>krasa</i> to crackle, <i>sl&aring; i kras</i>, to break to
pieces, F. <i>&eacute;craser</i> to crush, fr. the Scand. Cf.
<u>Crash</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To break into pieces; to
crush; to grind to powder. See <u>Crase</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God, looking forth, will trouble all his host, And
<i>craze</i> their chariot wheels.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To weaken; to impair; to render
decrepit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Till length of years,<BR>
And sedentary numbness, <i>craze</i> my limbs.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To derange the intellect of; to render
insane.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any man . . . that is <i>crazed</i> and out of his
wits.<BR>
<i>Tilloston.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Grief hath <i>crazed</i> my wits.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Craze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be crazed, or to act or appear as one that is crazed; to
rave; to become insane.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She would weep and he would <i>craze</i>.<BR>
<i>Keats.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To crack, as the glazing of porcelain
or pottery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Craze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Craziness; insanity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strong habitual desire or fancy; a
crotchet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was quite a <i>craze</i> with him [Burns] to
have his Jean dressed genteelly.<BR>
<i>Prof. Wilson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A temporary passion or infatuation, as
for same new amusement, pursuit, or fashion; as, the bric-a-brac
<i>craze</i>; the &aelig;sthetic <i>craze</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Various <i>crazes</i> concerning health and
disease.<BR>
<i>W. Pater.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Craz"ed*ness</hw> (-?d-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
broken state; decrepitude; an impaired state of the
intellect.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Craze"-mill`</hw> (kr&amacr;z"m&ibreve;l`),
<hw>Craz"ing-mill`</hw> (kr?"z?ng-) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
1st <u>Craze</u>.] <def>A mill for grinding tin ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra"zi*ly</hw> (kr&amacr;"z&ibreve;*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a crazy manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra"zi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being broken down or weakened; as, the
<i>craziness</i> of a ship, or of the limbs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being broken in mind;
imbecility or weakness of intellect; derangement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra"zy</hw> (kr&amacr;"z&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[From <u>Craze</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by
weakness or feebleness; decrepit; broken; falling to decay;
shaky; unsafe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Piles of mean and<i>crazy</i> houses.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>One of great riches, but a <i>crazy</i>
constitution.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . got a <i>crazy</i> boat to carry them
to the island.<BR>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Broken, weakened, or dissordered in
intellect; shattered; demented; deranged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Over moist and <i>crazy</i> brains.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inordinately desirous; foolishly
eager.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The girls were <i>crazy</i> to be introduced to
him.<BR>
<i>R. B. Kimball.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Crazy bone</b></col>, <cd>the bony projection at the
end of the elbow (<i>olecranon</i>), behind which passes the
ulnar nerve; -- so called on account of the curiously painful
tingling felt, when, in a particular position, it receives a
blow; -- called also <i>funny bone</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Crazy
quilt</b></col>, <cd>a bedquilt made of pieces of silk or other
material of various sizes, shapes, and colors, fancifully
stitched together without definite plan or arrangement.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cre"a*ble</hw> (kr?"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>creabilis</i>, from <i>creare</i> to create. See
<u>Create</u>.] <def>Capable of being created.</def> [Obs.]
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Creaght</hw> (kr?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. &amp; Gael.
<i>graidh</i>, <i>graigh</i>.] <def>A drove or herd.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Haliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Creaght</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To graze.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir. L. Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Creak</hw> (kr&emacr;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Creaked</u> (kr&emacr;kt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Creaking</u>.] [OE.
<i>creken</i>, prob. of imitative origin; cf. E.  <i>crack</i>,
<i>and</i>. D. <i>krieken</i> to crackle, chirp.] <def>To make a
prolonged sharp grating or squeaking sound, as by the friction of
hard substances; as, shoes <i>creak</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>creaking</i> locusts with my voice
conspire.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Doors upon their hinges <i>creaked</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Creak</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To produce a
creaking sound with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Creaking</i> my shoes on the plain masonry.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Creak</hw> (kr&emacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
sound produced by anything that creaks; a creaking.</def>
<i>Roget.</i></p>

<p><hw>Creak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A harsh grating
or squeaking sound, or the act of making such a sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Start not at the <i>creaking</i> of the door.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cream</hw> (kr&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cr&ecirc;me</i>, perh. fr. LL. <i>crema</i> cream of milk; cf.
L. <i>cremor</i> thick juice or broth, perh. akin to
<i>cremare</i> to burn.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The rich, oily,
and yellowish part of milk, which, when the milk stands
unagitated, rises, and collects on the surface. It is the part of
milk from which butter is obtained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part of any liquor that rises, and
collects on the surface.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A delicacy of several kinds prepared
for the table from cream, etc., or so as to resemble
cream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A cosmetic; a creamlike medicinal
preparation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In vain she tries her paste and <i>creams</i>,<BR>
To smooth her skin or hide its seams.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The best or choicest part of a thing;
the quintessence; as, the <i>cream</i> of a jest or story; the
<i>cream</i> of a collection of books or pictures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Welcome, O flower and <i>cream</i> of knights
errant.<BR>
<i>Shelton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bavarian cream</b></col>, <cd>a preparation of
gelatin, cream, sugar, and eggs, whipped; -- to be eaten
cold.</cd> -- <col><b>Cold cream</b></col>, <cd>an ointment made
of white wax, almond oil, rose water, and borax, and used as a
salve for the hands and lips.</cd> -- <col><b>Cream
cheese</b></col>, <cd>a kind of cheese made from curd from which
the cream has not been taken off, or to which cream has been
added.</cd> -- <col><b>Cream gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument
to test milk, being usually a graduated glass tube in which the
milk is placed for the cream to rise.</cd> -- <col><b>Cream
nut</b></col>, <cd>the Brazil nut.</cd> -- <col><b>Cream of
lime</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A scum of calcium
carbonate which forms on a solution of milk of lime from the
carbon dioxide of the air.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A thick
creamy emulsion of lime in water.</cd> -- <col><b>Cream of
tartar</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>purified tartar or argol; so
called because of the crust of crystals which forms on the
surface of the liquor in the process of purification by
recrystallization. It is a white crystalline substance, with a
gritty acid taste, and is used very largely as an ingredient of
baking powders; -- called also <i>potassium bitartrate</i>,
<i>acid potassium tartrate</i>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cream</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Creamed</u> (kr?md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Creaming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To skim,
or take off by skimming, as cream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take off the best or choicest part
of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with, or as with,
cream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Creaming</i> the fragrant cups.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Whitney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To cream butter</b></col> <i>(Cooking)</i>, <cd>to
rub, stir, or beat, butter till it is of a light creamy
consistency.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cream</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form or become
covered with cream; to become thick like cream; to assume the
appearance of cream; hence, to grow stiff or formal; to
mantle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are a sort of men whose visages<BR>
Do <i>cream</i> and mantle like a standing pool.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cream"cake`</hw> (-k?k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A kind of cake filled with custard made of
cream, eggs, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cream"-col`ored</hw> (-k?l`?rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of the color of cream; light yellow.</def> "<i>Cream-
colored</i> horses."  <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cream"er*y</hw> (-?r-?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Creameries</b></plw> (-&?;z). [CF. F. <i>cr&?;meric</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where butter and cheese are made,
or where milk and cream are put up in cans for market.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place or apparatus in which milk is
set for raising cream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An establishment where cream is
sold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cream"-faced`</hw> (kr?m"f?st`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>White or pale, as the effect of fear, or as the natural
complexion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>cream-faced</i> loon.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cream"-fruit`</hw> (kr?m"fr?t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of Sierra Leone which yields a
wholesome, creamy juice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cream"i*ness</hw> (-?-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being creamy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cream" laid`</hw> (kr?m" l?d`). <def>See under
<u>Laid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cream"-slice`</hw> (-sl?s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
wooden knife with a long thin blade, used in handling cream or
ice cream.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cream"-white`</hw> (-hw?t`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>As
white as cream.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cream"y</hw> (kr?m"?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of,
or containing, cream; resembling cream, in nature, appearance, or
taste; creamlike; unctuous.</def> "<i>Creamy</i> bowls."
<i>Collins.</i> "Lines of <i>creamy</i> spray." <i>Tennyson.</i>
"Your <i>creamy</i> words but cozen." <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cre"ance</hw> (kr&emacr;"<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>cr&eacute;ance</i>, lit., credence, fr. L. <i>credere</i>
to trust. See <u>Credence</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Faith;
belief; creed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>A fine, small line,
fastened to a hawk's leash, when it is first lured.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"ance</hw> (kr&emacr;"<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>v. i. &
t.</i></pos> <def>To get on credit; to borrow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cre"ant</hw> (kr&emacr;"<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>creans</i>, p. pr. of <i>creare</i> to create.]
<def>Creative; formative.</def> [R.]  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crease</hw> (kr&emacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Creese</u>.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crease</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. <i>krus</i>, G.
<i>krause</i>, crispness, <i>krausen</i>, <i>kr&auml;usen</i>, to
crisp, curl, lay on folds; or perh. of Celtic origin; cf. Armor.
<i>kriz</i> a wrinkle, crease, <i>kriza</i> to wrinkle, fold, W.
<i>crych</i> a wrinkle, <i>crychu</i> to rumple, ripple, crease.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A line or mark made by folding or
doubling any pliable substance; hence, a similar mark, however
produced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>One of the lines
serving to define the limits of the bowler and the
striker.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bowling crease</b></col> <i>(Cricket)</i>, <cd>a line
extending three feet four inches on each side of the central
strings at right angles to the line between the wickets.</cd> --
<col><b>Return crease</b></col> <i>(Cricket)</i>, <cd>a short
line at each end of the <i>bowling crease</i> and at right angles
to it, extending toward the bowler.</cd> -- <col><b>Popping
crease</b></col> <i>(Cricket)</i>,<cd>, a line drawn in front of
the wicket, four feet distant from it, parallel to the <i>bowling
crease</i> and at least as long as the latter.</cd>  <i>J. H.
Walsh (Encyc. of Rural Sports).</i></p>

<p><hw>Crease</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Creased</u> (kr?st); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Creasing</u>.] <def>To make a crease or mark in,
as by folding or doubling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Creased</i>, like dog's ears in a folio.<BR>
<i>Gray.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Creas"er</hw> (kr?s"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tool, or a sewing-machine attachment,
for making lines or creases on leather or cloth, as guides to sew
by.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tool for making creases or beads, as
in sheet iron, or for rounding small tubes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bookbinding)</i> <def>A tool for making
the band impression distinct on the back.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Creas"ing</hw> (kr&emacr;s"&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A layer of tiles forming
a corona for a wall.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cre"a*sote</hw> (kr&emacr;"&adot;*s&omacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Creosote</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Creas"y</hw> (kr?s"?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
creases.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cre"at</hw> (kr&emacr;"&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>cr&eacute;at</i>, ultimately fr. L. <i>creatus</i>
created, begotten; cf. It.  <i>creato</i> pupil, servant, Sp.
<i>criado</i> a servant, client.] <i>(Man.)</i> <def>An usher to
a riding master.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*at"a*ble</hw> (kr?-?"t?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>That may be created.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*ate"</hw> (kr&esl;*&amacr;t"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>creatus</i>, p. p. of <i>creare</i> to create; akin to Gr.
<grk>krai`nein</grk> to accomplish, Skr. <i>k&rsdot;</i> to make,
and to E. ending <i>-cracy</i> in <i>aristocracy</i>, also to
<i>crescent</i>, <i>cereal</i>.] <def>Created; composed;
begotten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hearts <i>create</i> of duty and zeal.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cre*ate"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Created</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Creating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring into being; to
form out of nothing; to cause to exist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the beginning, God <i>created</i> the heaven
and the earth.<BR>
<i>Gen. i. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To effect by the agency, and under the
laws, of causation; to be the occasion of; to cause; to produce;
to form or fashion; to renew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your eye in Scotland<BR>
Would <i>create</i> soldiers.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Create</i> in me a clean heart.<BR>
<i>Ps. li. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To invest with a new form, office, or
character; to constitute; to appoint; to make; as, to
<i>create</i> one a peer.</def> "I <i>create</i> you companions
to our person."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cre*at"ic</hw> (kr?-?t"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, flesh.] <def>Relating to, or produced by,
flesh or animal food; as, <i>creatic</i> nausea.</def> [Written
also <i>kreatic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cre"a*tin</hw> (kr?"?-t?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?; flesh.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A white,
crystalline, nitrogenous substance found abundantly in muscle
tissue.</def> [Written also <i>kreatine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cre*at"i*nin</hw> (kr?-?t"?-n?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline, nitrogenous
body closely related to creatin but more basic in its properties,
formed from the latter by the action of acids, and occurring
naturally in muscle tissue and in urine.</def> [Written also
<i>kretinine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cre*a"tion</hw> (kr?-A"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>creatio</i>: cf. F.  <i>cr&?;ation</i>. <i>See</i>
<u>Create</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of creating or
causing to exist. Specifically, the act of bringing the universe
or this world into existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the <i>creation</i> to the general doom.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As when a new particle of matter dotn begin to
exist, <i>in rerum natura</i>, which had before no being; and
this we call <i>creation</i>.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is created; that which is
produced or caused to exist, as the world or some original work
of art or of the imagination; nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We know that the whole <i>creation</i>
groaneth.<BR>
<i>Rom. viii. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A dagger of the mind, a false <i>creation</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Choice pictures and <i>creations</i> of curious
art.<BR>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of constituting or investing
with a new character; appointment; formation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An Irish peer of recent <i>creation</i>.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cre*a"tion*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to creation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*a"tion*ism</hw> (-?z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine that a soul is specially created for each human being as
soon as it is formed in the womb; -- opposed to
<i>traducianism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*a"tive</hw> (-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the power to create; exerting the act of creation.</def>
"<i>Creative</i> talent."  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>creative</i> force exists in the germ.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cre*a"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being creative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*a"tor</hw> (kr&esl;*&amacr;"t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.  <i>creator</i>: cf. F.
<i>cr&eacute;ateur</i>.] <def>One who creates, produces, or
constitutes. Specifically, the Supreme Being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To sin's rebuke and my <i>Creater's</i>
praise.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The poets and artists of Greece, who are at the
same time its prophets, the <i>creators</i> of its divinities,
and the revealers of its theological beliefs.<BR>
<i>Caird.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cre*a"tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or
condition of a creator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*a"tress</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>creatrix</i>: cf. F. <i>cr&eacute;atrice</i>.] <def>She who
creates.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cre*a"trix</hw> (-tr?ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>A creatress.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Crea"tur*al</hw> (kr?"t?r-a]/>l; 135),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to a creature; having the
qualities of a creature.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Crea"ture</hw> (kr&emacr;"t&umacr;r; 135),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  <i>cr&eacute;ature</i>, L.
<i>creatura</i>. See <u>Create</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything created; anything not self-existent; especially,
any being created with life; an animal; a man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He asked water, a <i>creature</i> so common and
needful that it was against the law of nature to deny him.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>God's first <i>creature</i> was light.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>On earth, join, all ye <i>creatures</i>, to
extol<BR>
Him first, him last, him midst, and without end.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And most attractive is the fair result<BR>
Of thought, the <i>creature</i> of a polished mind.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A human being, in pity, contempt, or
endearment; as, a poor <i>creature</i>; a pretty
<i>creature</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world hath not a sweeter <i>creature</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person who owes his rise and fortune
to another; a servile dependent; an instrument; a tool.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>creature</i> of the queen's, Lady Anne
Bullen.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Both Charles himself and his <i>creature</i>,
Laud.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A general term among farmers for
horses, oxen, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Creature comforts</b></col>, <cd>those which minister
to the comfort of the body.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crea"ture*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
created beings; alone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God was alone And <i>creatureless</i> at
first.<BR>
<i>Donne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crea"ture*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Creatural;
characteristic of a creature.</def> [R.] "<i>Creaturely</i>
faculties."  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crea"ture*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition of being a creature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crea"tur*ize</hw> (-&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make like a creature; to degrade</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Degrade and <i>creaturize</i> that mundane
soul.<BR>
<i>Cudworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 342 !></p>

<p><hw>Creaze</hw> (kr&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>The tin ore which collects in the central
part of the washing pit or buddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre`bri*cos"tate</hw>
(kr&emacr;`br&ibreve;*k&obreve;s"t&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>creber</i> close + <i>costa</i> rib.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Marked with closely set ribs or ridges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre`bri*sul"cate</hw>
(kr&emacr;`br&ibreve;*s&ubreve;l"k&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>creber</i> close + <i>sulcus</i> furrow.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Marked with closely set transverse
furrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Creb"ri*tude</hw> (kr&emacr;b"r&ibreve;*t&umacr;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>crebritudo</i>, fr. <i>creber</i>
close.] <def>Frequency.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cre"brous</hw> (kr&emacr;"br&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>creber</i> close set, frequent.]
<def>Frequent; numerous.</def> [Obs.] <i>Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cr&egrave;che</hw> (kr&asl;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>A public nursery, where the young children of poor
women are cared for during the day, while their mothers are at
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"dence</hw> (kr&emacr;"d<i>e</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>credentia</i>, fr. L.
<i>credens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>credere</i> to trust,
believe: cf. OF. <i>credence</i>. See <u>Creed</u>, and cf.
<u>Credent</u>, <u>Creance</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Reliance of the mind on evidence of
facts derived from other sources than personal knowledge; belief;
credit; confidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To give <i>credence</i> to the Scripture
miracles.<BR>
<i>Trench.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An assertion which might easily find
<i>credence</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which gives a claim to credit,
belief, or confidence; as, a letter of <i>credence</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The small table by the
side of the altar or communion table, on which the bread and wine
are placed before being consecrated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A cupboard, sideboard, or cabinet,
particularly one intended for the display of rich vessels or
plate, and consisting chiefly of open shelves for that
purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"dence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give
credence to; to believe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cre*den"dum</hw> (kr?-d?n"d?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Credenda</b></plw> (-d&?;). [L., fr.
<i>credere</i> to believe.] <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A thing to be
believed; an article of faith; -- distinguished from
<i>agendum</i>, a practical duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great articles and <i>credenda</i> of
Christianity.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cre"dent</hw> (kr?"d<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [.
<i>credens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>credere</i> to trust,
believe. See <u>Creed</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Believing;
giving credence; credulous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If with too <i>credent</i> ear you list songs.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having credit or authority;
credible.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For my authority bears of a <i>credent</i>
bulk.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cre*den"tial</hw> (kr&esl;*d&ebreve;n"sh<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>credenziale</i>, fr. LL.
<i>credentia</i>. See <u>Credence</u>.] <def>Giving a title or
claim to credit or confidence; accrediting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>credential</i> letters on both sides.<BR>
<i>Camden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cre*den"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>credenziale</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which gives a
title to credit or confidence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Testimonials showing that a
person is entitled to credit, or has right to exercise official
power, as the letters given by a government to an ambassador or
envoy, or a certificate that one is a duly elected
delegate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The committee of estates excepted against the
<i>credentials</i> of the English commissioners.<BR>
<i>Whitelocke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Had they not shown undoubted <i>credentials</i>
from the Divine Person who sent them on such a message.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cred`i*bil"i*ty</hw>
(kr&ebreve;d`&ibreve;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>cr&eacute;dibilit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The quality of being credible; credibleness; as, the
<i>credibility</i> of facts; the <i>credibility</i> of
witnesses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cred"i*ble</hw> (kr&ebreve;d"&ibreve;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>credibilis</i>, fr. <i>credere</i>.
See <u>Creed</u>.] <def>Capable of being credited or believed;
worthy of belief; entitled to confidence; trustworthy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Things are made <i>credible</i> either by the
known condition and quality of the utterer or by the manifest
likelihood of truth in themselves.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A very diligent and observing person, and likewise
very sober and <i>credible</i>.<BR>
<i>Dampier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cred"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being credible; worthiness of belief;
credibility.</def> [R.] <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cred"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner
inducing belief; as, I have been <i>credibly</i> informed of the
event.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cred"it</hw> (kr&ebreve;d"&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>cr&eacute;dit</i> (cf. It. <i>credito</i>), L.
<i>creditum</i> loan, prop. neut. of <i>creditus</i>, p. p. of
<i>credere</i> to trust, loan, believe. See <u>Creed</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Reliance on the truth of something said
or done; belief; faith; trust; confidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Jonathan and the people heard these words
they gave no <i>credit</i> unto them, nor received them.<BR>
<i>1 Macc. x. 46.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reputation derived from the confidence
of others; esteem; honor; good name; estimation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>John Gilpin was a citizen<BR>
Of <i>credit</i> and renown.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A ground of, or title to, belief or
confidence; authority derived from character or
reputation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The things which we properly believe, be only such
as are received on the <i>credit</i> of divine testimony.<BR>
<i>Hooker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which tends to procure, or add
to, reputation or esteem; an honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I published, because I was told I might please
such as it was a <i>credit</i> to please.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Influence derived from the good
opinion, confidence, or favor of others; interest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Having <i>credit</i> enough with his master to
provide for his own interest.<BR>
<i>Clarendon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Trust given or received;
expectation of future playment for property transferred, or of
fulfillment or promises given; mercantile reputation entitling
one to be trusted; -- applied to individuals, corporations,
communities, or nations; as, to buy goods on
<i>credit</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Credit</i> is nothing but the expectation of
money, within some limited time.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The time given for payment for lands
or goods sold on trust; as, a long <i>credit</i> or a short
<i>credit</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i> <def>The side of an
account on which are entered all items reckoned as values
received from the party or the category named at the head of the
account; also, any one, or the sum, of these items; -- the
opposite of <i>debit</i>; as, this sum is carried to one's
<i>credit</i>, and that to his <i>debit</i>; A has several
<i>credits</i> on the books of B.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bank credit</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Cash
credit</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cash</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill
of credit</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bill</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Letter of credit</b></col>, <cd>a letter or notification
addressed by a banker to his correspondent, informing him that
the person named therein is entitled to draw a certain sum of
money; when addressed to several different correspondents, or
when the money can be drawn in fractional sums in several
different places, it is called a <i>circular letter of
credit</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Public credit</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The reputation of, or general confidence
in, the ability or readiness of a government to fulfill its
pecuniary engagements.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The ability
and fidelity of merchants or others who owe largely in a
community.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He touched the dead corpse of <i>Public
Credit</i>, and it sprung upon its feet.<BR>
<i>D. Webster.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cred"it</hw> (kr&ebreve;d"&ibreve;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Credited</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crediting</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To confide in the truth of; to give
credence to; to put trust in; to believe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How shall they <i>credit</i><BR>
A poor unlearned virgin?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring honor or repute upon; to do
credit to; to raise the estimation of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>credit</i> the church as much by your
government as you did the school formerly by your wit.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i> <def>To enter upon the
credit side of an account; to give credit for; as, to
<i>credit</i> the amount paid; to set to the credit of; as, to
<i>credit</i> a man with the interest paid on a bond.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To credit with</b></col>, <cd>to give credit for; to
assign as justly due to any one.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Crove, Helmholtz, and Meyer, are more than any
others <i>to be credited with</i> the clear enunciation of this
doctrine.<BR>
<i>Newman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cred"it*a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of belief.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Divers <i>creditable</i> witnesses deposed.<BR>
<i>Ludlow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deserving or possessing reputation or
esteem; reputable; estimable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This gentleman was born of <i>creditable</i>
parents.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bringing credit, reputation, or honor;
honorable; as, such conduct is highly <i>creditable</i> to
him.</def> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He settled him in a good <i>creditable</i> way of
living.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cred"it*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being creditable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cred"it*a*bly</hw> (-?-bl?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a creditable manner; reputably; with credit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cr&eacute;`dit" fon`cier"</hw> (kr?d?" f?n`s??"). [F.
<i>cr&eacute;dit</i> credit &amp; <i>foncier</i> relating to land,
landed.] <def>A company licensed for the purpose of carrying out
improvements, by means of loans and advances upon real
securities.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cr&eacute;`dit" mo`bi`lier"</hw> (m?`b?`ly?"). [F.
<i>cr&eacute;dit</i> credit &amp; <i>mobilier</i> personal,
pertaining to personal property.] <def>A joint stock company,
formed for general banking business, or for the construction of
public works, by means of loans on personal estate, after the
manner of the <i>cr&eacute;dit foncier</i> on real estate. In
practice, however, this distinction has not been strictly
observed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cred"it*or</hw> (kr?d"?t-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.:
cf. F. <i>cr&?;diteur</i>. See <u>Credit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who credits, believes, or trusts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The easy <i>creditors</i> of novelties.<BR>
<i>Daniel.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who gives credit in business
matters; hence, one to whom money is due; -- correlative to
<i>debtor</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Creditors</i> have better memories than
debtors.<BR>
<i>Franklin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cred"it*ress</hw> (kr?d"?t-r?s), <hw>Cred"i*trix</hw>
(kr?d"?-tr?ks), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>creditrix</i>.]
<def>A female creditor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"do</hw> (kr?"d?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Creed</u>.] <def>The creed, as sung or read in the Roman
Catholic church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He repeated Aves and <i>Credos</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cre*du"li*ty</hw> (kr?-d?"l?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>credulitas</i>, fr. <i>credulus</i>: cf. F.
<i>cr&eacute;dulit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Credulous</u>.]
<def>Readiness of belief; a disposition to believe on slight
evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That implict <i>credulity</i> is the mark of a
feeble mind will not be disputed.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cred"u*lous</hw> (kr?d"?-l?s; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>credulus</i>, fr. <i>credere</i>. See <u>Creed</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Apt to believe on slight evidence; easily
imposed upon; unsuspecting.</def> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Eve, our <i>credulous</i> mother.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Believed too readily.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cred"u*lous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
credulity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cred"u*lous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Readiness
to believe on slight evidence; credulity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beyond all credulity is the <i>credulousness</i>
of atheists.<BR>
<i>S. Clarke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Creed</hw> (kr&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>credo</i>, <i>crede</i>, AS. <i>creda</i>, fr. L. <i>credo</i>
I believe, at the beginning of the Apostles' creed, fr.
<i>credere</i> to believe; akin to OIr. <i>cretim</i> I believe,
and Skr. <i>&ccedil;raddadh&amacr;mi</i>; <i>&ccedil;rat</i>
trust + <i>dh&amacr;</i> to put. See <u>Do</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Credo</u>, <u>Grant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A definite summary of what is believed;
esp., a summary of the articles of Christian faith; a confession
of faith for public use; esp., one which is brief and
comprehensive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the Protestant system the <i>creed</i> is not
co&ouml;rdinate with, but always subordinate to, the Bible.<BR>
<i>Schaff-Herzog Encyc.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any summary of principles or opinions
professed or adhered to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I love him not, nor fear him; there's my
<i>creed</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Apostles' creed</b></col>, <col><b>Athanasian
creed</b></col>, <col><b>Nicene creed</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Apostle</u>, <u>Athanasian</u>, <u>Nicene</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Creed</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To believe; to
credit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That part which is so <i>creeded</i> by the
people.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Creed"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
creed.</def> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Creek</hw> (kr&emacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>crecca</i>; akin to D. <i>kreek</i>, Icel. <i>kriki</i> crack,
nook; cf. W. <i>crig</i> crack, <i>crigyll</i> ravine, creek. Cf.
<u>Crick</u>, <u>Crook</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
inlet or bay, narrower and extending further into the land than a
cove; a recess in the shore of the sea, or of a river.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each <i>creek</i> and cavern of the dangerous
shore.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They discovered a certain <i>creek</i>, with a
shore.<BR>
<i>Acts xxvii. 39.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stream of water smaller than a river
and larger than a brook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lesser streams and rivulets are denominated
<i>creeks</i>.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any turn or winding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The passages of alleys, <i>creeks</i>, and narrow
lands.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Creek"fish</hw> (kr?k"f?sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chub sucker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Creeks</hw> (kr&emacr;ks), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
<i>sing.</i> <singw><b>Creek</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A
tribe or confederacy of North American Indians, including the
Muskogees, Seminoles, Uchees, and other subordinate tribes. They
formerly inhabited Georgia, Florida, and Alabama.</def></p>

<p><hw>Creek"y</hw> (kr&emacr;k"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing, or abounding in, creeks; characterized by
creeks; like a creek; winding.</def> "The <i>creeky</i> shore."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Creel</hw> (kr&emacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>craidhleag</i> basket, creel.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An osier basket, such as anglers
use.</def> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Spinning)</i> <def>A bar or set of bars
with skewers for holding paying-off bobbins, as in the roving
machine, throstle, and mule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Creep</hw> (kr&emacr;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Crept</u> (kr&ebreve;pt) (<u>Crope</u>
(kr&omacr;p), Obs.); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crept</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Creeping</u>.] [OE.
<i>crepen</i>, <i>creopen</i>, AS. <i>cre&oacute;pan</i>; akin to
D. <i>kruipen</i>, G. <i>kriechen</i>, Icel. <i>krjupa</i>, Sw.
<i>krypa</i>, Dan. <i>krybe</i>. Cf. <u>Cripple</u>,
<u>Crouch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move along the ground,
or on any other surface, on the belly, as a worm or reptile; to
move as a child on the hands and knees; to crawl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye that walk<BR>
The earth, and stately tread, or lowly <i>creep</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move slowly, feebly, or timorously,
as from unwillingness, fear, or weakness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whining schoolboy . . . <i>creeping</i>, like
snail,<BR>
Unwillingly to school.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a guilty thing, I <i>creep</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move in a stealthy or secret
manner; to move imperceptibly or clandestinely; to steal in; to
insinuate itself or one's self; as, age <i>creeps</i> upon
us.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sophistry which <i>creeps</i> into most of the
books of argument.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Of this sort are they which <i>creep</i> into
houses, and lead captive silly women.<BR>
<i>2. Tim. iii. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To slip, or to become slightly
displaced; as, the collodion on a negative, or a coat of varnish,
may <i>creep</i> in drying; the quicksilver on a mirror may
<i>creep</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To move or behave with servility or
exaggerated humility; to fawn; as, a <i>creeping</i>
sycophant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To come as humbly as they used to
<i>creep</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To grow, as a vine, clinging to the
ground or to some other support by means of roots or rootlets, or
by tendrils, along its length.</def> "Creeping vines."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To have a sensation as of insects
creeping on the skin of the body; to crawl; as, the sight made my
flesh <i>creep</i>. See <u>Crawl</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>,
4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To drag in deep water with creepers,
as for recovering a submarine cable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Creep</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of creeping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A distressing sensation, or sound,
like that occasioned by the creeping of insects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>creep</i> of undefinable horror.<BR>
<i>Blackwood's Mag.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Out of the stillness, with gathering
<i>creep</i>,<BR>
Like rising wind in leaves.<BR>
<i>Lowell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A slow rising of the
floor of a gallery, occasioned by the pressure of incumbent
strata upon the pillars or sides; a gradual movement of mining
ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Creep"er</hw> (kr&emacr;p"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, creeps; any
creeping thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Standing waters are most unwholesome, . . . full
of mites, <i>creepers</i>; slimy, muddy, unclean.<BR>
<i>Burton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant that clings by
rootlets, or by tendrils, to the ground, or to trees, etc.; as,
the Virginia <i>creeper</i> (<i>Ampelopsis
quinquefolia</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small bird of
the genus <i>Certhia</i>, allied to the wrens. The brown or
common European creeper is <i>C. familiaris</i>, a variety of
which (<i>var.</i> <i>Americana</i>) inhabits America; -- called
also <i>tree creeper</i> and <i>creeptree</i>. The American black
and white creeper is <i>Mniotilta varia</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kind of patten mounted on short
pieces of iron instead of rings; also, a fixture with iron points
worn on a shoe to prevent one from slipping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A spurlike device strapped
to the boot, which enables one to climb a tree or pole; -- called
often <i>telegraph creepers</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A small, low iron, or dog, between the
andirons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An instrument with iron
hooks or claws for dragging at the bottom of a well, or any other
body of water, and bringing up what may lie there.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Any device for causing material to
move steadily from one part of a machine to another, as an apron
in a carding machine, or an inner spiral in a grain
screen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Crockets.
See <u>Crocket</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Creep"hole`</hw> (-h?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hole or retreat into which an animal
may creep, to escape notice or danger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A subterfuge; an excuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Creep"ie</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low
stool.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Creep"i*ness</hw> (-&ibreve;-n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An uneasy sensation as of insects
creeping on the skin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She felt a curious, uneasy <i>creepiness</i>.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Alexander.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Creep"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Crawling, or moving close to the ground.</def> "Every
<i>creeping</i> thing." <i>Gen. vi. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Growing along, and clinging to, the
ground, or to a wall, etc., by means of rootlets or
tendrils.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Casements lined with <i>creeping</i> herbs.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Ceeping crowfoot</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant,
the <i>Ranunculus repens</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Creeping
snowberry</b></col>, <cd>an American plant (<i>Chiogenes
hispidula</i>) with white berries and very small round leaves
having the flavor of wintergreen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Creep"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>by creeping
slowly; in the manner of a reptile; insidiously;
cunningly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How slily and <i>creepingly</i> did he address
himself to our first parents.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cree"ple</hw> (kr&emacr;"p'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cripple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A creeping creature; a
reptile.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is one creeping beast, or long
<i>creeple</i> (as the name is in Devonshire), that hath a rattle
at his tail that doth discover his age.<BR>
<i>Morton (1632).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is lame; a cripple.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou knowest how lame a <i>creeple</i> this world
is.<BR>
<i>Donne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Creep"y</hw> (kr&emacr;p"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Crawly; having or producing a sensation like that caused by
insects creeping on the skin.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One's whole blood grew curdling and
<i>creepy</i>.<BR>
<i>R. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 343 !></p>

<p><hw>Crees</hw> (kr&emacr;z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
<i>sing.</i> <singw><b>Cree</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>An
Algonquin tribe of Indians, inhabiting a large part of British
America east of the Rocky Mountains and south of Hudson's
Bay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Creese</hw> (kr&emacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay.
<i>kris</i>.] <def>A dagger or short sword used by the Malays,
commonly having a serpentine blade.</def> [Written also
<i>crease</i> and <i>kris</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From a Malayan <i>creese</i> to a sailor's
jackknife.<BR>
<i>Julian Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cr&eacute;`mail`l&egrave;re"</hw> (kr?`m?`ly?r" or -
m?`y?r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>An
indented or zigzaged line of intrenchment.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cre*mas"ter</hw> (kr?-m?s"t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., from Gr. &?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?; to hang.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A thin muscle which serves
to draw up the testicle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The apex of the
last abdominal segment of an insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crem`as*ter"ic</hw> (kr?m`3s-t?r"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the cremaster; as, the
<i>cremasteric</i> artery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"mate</hw> (kr?"m?t or kr?-m?t"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [L. <i>crematus</i>, p. p. of <i>cremare</i> to
burn; cf. Skr. <i>cr&?;</i> to cook.] <def>To burn; to reduce to
ashes by the action of fire, either directly or in an oven or
retort; to incremate or incinerate; as, to <i>cremate</i> a
corpse, instead of burying it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*ma"tion</hw> (kr?-m?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crematio</i>.] <def>A burning; esp., the act or practice of
cremating the dead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without <i>cremation</i> . . . of their
bodies.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cre*ma"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
advocates the practice of cremation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*ma"tor</hw> (-t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who, or that which, cremates or consumes to ashes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Crem`a*to"ri*um</hw> (kr?m`?-t?"r?-?m),
<hw>Crem"a*to*ry</hw> (kr?m"?-t?-r?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Crematoriums</b></plw> (-&ubreve;mz),
<plw><b>Crematories</b></plw> (-r&?;z). [NL.  <i>crematorium</i>,
fr. L.  <i>cremator</i>.] <def>A furnace for cremating corpses; a
building containing such a furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crem"a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or employed in, cremation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crem"o*carp</hw> (kr&ebreve;m"&osl;*k&auml;rp or
kr&emacr;"m&osl;-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kremanny`nai</grk> to hang + <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The peculiar fruit of fennel, carrot, parsnip,
and the like, consisting of a pair of carpels pendent from a
supporting axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*mo"na</hw> (kr&esl;*m&omacr;"n&dot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A superior kind of violin, formerly
made at <i>Cremona</i>, in Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cre"mor</hw> (kr?"m?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. CF.
<u>Cream</u>.] <def>Cream; a substance resembling cream; yeast;
scum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crem"o*sin</hw> (kr?m"?-s?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Crimson</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Crems</hw> (kr&ebreve;mz), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Krems</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cre"nate</hw> (kr&emacr;"n&asl;t), <hw>Cre"na*ted</hw>
(kr&emacr;"n&asl;*t&ebreve;d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crena</i> notch. See <u>Cranny</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
the margin cut into rounded teeth notches, or scallops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*na"tion</hw> (kr?-n?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A rounded tooth on the edge
of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being
crenate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cren"a*ture</hw> (kr?n"?-t?r or kr?"n?-; 135),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
rounded tooth or notch of a crenate leaf, or any part that is
crenate; -- called also <i>crenelle</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being crenated or
notched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*nel"</hw> (kr?-n?l"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Crenelle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cren"el*ate</hw> (kr?n"?l-?t or  kr?"n?l-?t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crenelated</u> (-
?`t?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crenelating</u> (-
?`t?ng).] [LL.  <i>crenellare</i>, <i>kernellare</i>: cf. F.
<i>cr&?;neler</i> to indent. See <u>Crenelle</u>.] [Written also
<i>crenellate</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with
crenelles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To indent; to notch; as, a
<i>crenelated</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crenelated molding</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a
kind of indented molding used in Norman buildings.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cren`el*a"tion</hw> (-?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of crenelating, or the state of being crenelated; an
indentation or an embrasure.</def> [Written also
<i>crenellation</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Cre*nelle"</hw>, <hw>Cre*nel"</hw>  } (kr?-n?l"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>crenel</i>, F.  <i>cr&?;neau</i>,
LL. <i>crenellus</i>, <i>kernellus</i>, dim. (prob.) fr. L.
<i>crena</i> notch. See <u>Crenny</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An embrasure or indentation in a battlement; a loophole in a
fortress; an indentation; a notch. See <u>Merlon</u>, and
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Battlement</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Crenature</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*nelled"</hw> (kr&?;-n&?;ld") <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Crenate</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cren"gle</hw> (kr?n"g'l), <hw>Cren"kle</hw> (-k'l), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Cringle</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cren"u*late</hw> (kr?n"?-l?t), <hw>Cren"u*la`ted</hw> (-
l?`t?d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>crenate</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Minutely crenate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cren`u*la"tion</hw> (-l?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A minute crenation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being minutely
scalloped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"ole</hw> (kr?"?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cr&?;ole</i>, Sp. <i>criollo</i>, from an American negro word,
perh. a corruption of a Sp.  <i>criadillo</i>, dim. of
<i>criado</i> servant, formerly also, child, fr. L.
<i>creatus</i>, p. p. of <i>creare</i> to create. Cf.
<u>Create</u>.] <def>One born of European parents in the American
colonies of France or Spain or in the States which were once such
colonies, esp. a person of French or Spanish descent, who is a
native inhabitant of Louisiana, or one of the States adjoining,
bordering on the Gulf of of Mexico.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "The term <i>creole negro</i> is employed in the
English West Indies to distinguish the negroes born there from
the Africans imported during the time of the slave trade. The
application of this term to the colored people has led to an idea
common in some parts of the United States, though wholly
unfounded, that it implies an admixture greater or less of
African blood."  <i>R. Hildreth.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "The title [Creole] did not first belong to the
descendants of Spanish, but of French, settlers, But such a
meaning implied a certain excellence of origin, and so came early
to include any native of French or Spanish descent by either
parent, whose nonalliance with the slave race entitled him to
social rank. Later, the term was adopted by, not conceded to, the
natives of mixed blood, and is still so used among themselves.  .
. .  Besides French and Spanish, there are even, for convenience
of speech, 'colored' <i>Creoles</i>; but there are no Italian, or
Sicilian, nor any English, Scotch, Irish, or 'Yankee'
<i>Creoles</i>, unless of parentage married into, and themselves
thoroughly proselyted in, <i>Creole</i> society."  <i>G. W.
Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cre"ole</hw> (kr?"?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a Creole or the Creoles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In New Orleans the word <i>Creole</i> is applied to any
product, or variety of manufacture, peculiar to Louisiana; as,
<i>Creole</i> ponies, chickens, cows, shoes, eggs, wagons,
baskets, etc.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Cre*o"le*an</hw> (kr?-?"l?-a]/>n), <hw>Cre*o"li*an</hw>
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or characteristic of,
the Creoles.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Creole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"o*sol</hw> (kr?"?-s?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cresote</i> + phen<i>ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless
liquid resembling phenol or carbolic acid, homologous with
pyrocatechin, and obtained from beechwood tar and gum
guaiacum.</def> [Written also <i>creasol</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cre"o*sote</hw> (kr?"?-s?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, gen. &?;&?;&?;, flesh + &?;&?;&?; to preserve.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Wood-tar oil; an oily antiseptic liquid, of a
burning smoky taste, colorless when pure, but usually colored
yellow or brown by impurity or exposure. It is a complex mixture
of various phenols and their ethers, and is obtained by the
distillation of wood tar, especially that of beechwood.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is remarkable as an antiseptic and deodorizer in the
preservation of wood, flesh, etc., and in the prevention of
putrefaction; but it is a poor germicide, and in this respect has
been overrated. Smoked meat, as ham, owes its preservation and
taste to a small quantity of creosote absorbed from the smoke to
which it is exposed. <i>Carbolic acid</i> is phenol proper, while
<i>creosote</i> is a mixture of several phenols.</p>

<p><col><b>Coal-tar creosote</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
colorless or yellow, oily liquid, obtained in the distillation of
coal tar, and resembling wood-tar oil, or creosote proper, in
composition and properties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cre"o*sote</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Creosoted</u> (-s?"t?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Creosoting</u>.] <def>To saturate or impregnate
with creosote, as timber, for the prevention of decay.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cre"pance</hw> (kr?"p<i>a</i>ns), <hw>Cre"pane</hw>
(kr?"p?n), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>crepare</i> to
crack.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An injury in a horse's leg, caused by
the shoe of one hind foot striking and cutting the other leg. It
sometimes forms an ulcer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cr&ecirc;pe</hw> (kr?p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Crape</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crep"i*tant</hw> (kr?p"?-t<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Crepitate</u>.] <def>Having a
crackling sound; crackling; rattling.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crepitant rale</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a peculiar
crackling sound audible with inspiration in pneumonia and other
lung disease.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crep"i*tate</hw> (kr&?;p"&?;-t&?;t), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crepitated</u> (-
t&?;`t&?;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crepitating</u>
(-t&?;`t&?;ng).] [L. <i>crepitatus</i>, <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
of <i>crepitare</i> to crackle, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> intensive of
<i>crepare</i> to crack. Cf. <u>Crevice</u>.] <def>To make a
series of small, sharp, rapidly repeated explosions or sounds, as
salt in fire; to crackle; to snap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crep`i*ta"tion</hw> (kr?p`?-t?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>cr&eacute;pitation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of crepitating or crackling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
grating or crackling sensation or sound, as that produced by
rubbing two fragments of a broken bone together, or by pressing
upon cellular tissue containing air.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A crepitant r&acirc;le.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Crep"i*tus</hw> (kr?p"?-t?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
fr.  <i>crepare</i> to crack.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The noise produced by a sudden discharge of wind from the
bowels.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Same as
<u>Crepitation</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cre"pon</hw> (kr?"p?n; F. kr?`<u>p?n</u>"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A thin stuff made of the finest
wool or silk, or of wool and silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crept</hw> (kr&ebreve;pt), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Creep</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cre*pus"cle</hw> (kr&esl;*p&ubreve;s"s'l),
<hw>Cre*pus"cule</hw> (kr&esl;*p&ubreve;s"k&usl;l), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>crepusculum</i>, fr. <i>creper</i>
dusky, dark: cf. F.  <i>cr&eacute;puscule</i>.]
<def>Twilight.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cre*pus"cu*lar</hw> (-k?-l?r), <hw>Cre*pus"cu*lous</hw>
(-l?s), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cr&eacute;pusculaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining
to twilight; glimmering; hence, imperfectly clear or
luminous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This semihistorical and <i>crepuscular</i>
period.<BR>
<i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Flying in the
twilight or evening, or before sunrise; -- said certain birds and
insects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others feed only in the twilight, as bats and
owls, and are called <i>crepuscular</i>.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cre*pus"cu*line</hw> (-l&ibreve;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Crepuscular.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cres"cence</hw> (kr&ebreve;s"s<i>e</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Crescent</u>.] <def>Increase;
enlargement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And toward the moon's attractive <i>crescence</i>
bend.<BR>
<i>H. Brooke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cres*cen"do</hw> (kr?s-s?n"d?; It. kr?-sh?n"d?),
<pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It., from <i>crescere</i> to
increase. See <u>Crescent</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>With a
constantly increasing volume of voice; with gradually increasing
strength and fullness of tone; -- a direction for the performance
of music, indicated by the mark, or by writing the word on the
score.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cres*cen"do</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A gradual increase in the strength and
fullness of tone with which a passage is performed.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A passage to be performed with
constantly increasing volume of tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cres"cent</hw> (kr&ebreve;s"s<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.  <i>cressent</i>, <i>cressaunt</i>,
crescent (in sense 1), OF.  <i>creissant</i> increasing, F.
<i>croissant</i>, p. pr. of <i>cro&icirc;tre</i>, OF.
<i>creistre</i>, fr. L. <i>crescere</i> to increase, v. incho.;
akin to <i>creare</i> to create. See <u>Create</u>, and cf.
<u>Accrue</u>, <u>Increase</u>, <u>Crescendo</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The increasing moon; the moon in her
first quarter, or when defined by a concave and a convex edge;
also, applied improperly to the old or decreasing moon in a like
state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything having the shape of a
crescent or new moon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A representation of the increasing
moon, often used as an emblem or badge</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A symbol of Artemis, or Diana.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The ancient symbol of Byzantium or
Constantinople.</def> Hence: <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The emblem
of the Turkish Empire, adopted after the taking of
Constantinople.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cross of our faith is replanted,<BR>
The pale, dying <i>crescent</i> is daunted.<BR>
<i>Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any one of three orders of knighthood;
the first instituted by Charles I., king of Naples and Sicily, in
1268; the second by Ren&eacute; of Anjou, in 1448; and the third
by the Sultan Selim III., in 1801, to be conferred upon
foreigners to whom Turkey might be indebted for valuable
services.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The emblem of the
increasing moon with horns directed upward, when used in a coat
of arms; -- often used as a mark of cadency to distinguish a
second son and his descendants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cres"cent</hw> (kr&ebreve;s"s<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shaped like a
crescent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Astarte, queen of heaven, with <i>crescent</i>
horns.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Increasing; growing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, I see the <i>crescent</i> promise of my spirit
hath not set.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cres"cent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To form into a crescent, or something resembling a
crescent.</def> [R.]  <i>Anna Seward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with crescents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cres*cen"tic</hw> (kr&ebreve;s*s&ebreve;n"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Crescent-shaped.</def>
"<i>Crescentic</i> lobes."  <i>R. Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cres"cent*wise`</hw> (kr&ebreve;s"s<i>e</i>nt*w&imacr;z`),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the form of a crescent; like a
crescent.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cres"cive</hw> (kr?s"s?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crescere</i> to increase.] <def>Increasing; growing.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Unseen, yet <i>crescive</i> in his faculty.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cre"sol</hw> (kr&emacr;"s&omacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <u>Creosote</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of three
metameric substances,
CH<sub>3</sub>.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.OH, homologous with and
resembling phenol. They are obtained from coal tar and wood tar,
and are colorless, oily liquids or solids. [Called also
<i>cresylic acid</i>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*sor"cin</hw> (kr?-s?r"s?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Isorcin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cress</hw> (kr&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cresses</b></plw> (kr&ebreve;s"&ebreve;z). [OE.
<i>ces</i>, <i>cresse</i>, <i>kers</i>, <i>kerse</i>, AS.
<i>cresse</i>, <i>cerse</i>; akin to D. <i>kers</i>, G.
<i>kresse</i>, Dan. <i>karse</i>, Sw. <i>krasse</i>, and possibly
also to OHG. <i>chresan</i> to creep.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant
of various species, chiefly cruciferous. The leaves have a
moderately pungent taste, and are used as a salad and
antiscorbutic.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The garden cress, called also <i>peppergrass</i>, is
the <i>Lepidium sativum</i>; the water cress is the <i>Nasturtium
officinale</i>. Various other plants are sometimes called
<i>cresses</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>To strip the brook with mantling <i>cresses</i>
spread.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Bitter cress</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bitter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Not worth a cress</b></col>, or
<col><b>"<i>not worth a kers</i>."</b></col> <cd>a common old
proverb, now turned into the meaningless "<i>not worth a
curse</i>."</cd>  <i>Skeat.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Cres*selle"</hw> (kr?s-s?l"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cr&eacute;celle</i> rattle.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A wooden
rattle sometimes used as a substitute for a bell, in the Roman
Catholic church, during the latter part of Holy Week, or the last
week of Lent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cres"set</hw> (kr?s"s?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>crasset</i>, <i>cresset</i>, sort of lamp or torch; perh. of
Dutch or German origin, and akin to E. <i>cruse</i>, F.
<i>creuset</i> crucible, E.  <i>crucible</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An open frame or basket of iron, filled with combustible
material, to be burned as a beacon; an open lamp or firrepan
carried on a pole in nocturnal processions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Starry lamps and blazing <i>cressets</i>, fed<BR>
With naphtha and asphaltus.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>As a <i>cresset</i> true that darts its length<BR>
Of beamy luster from a tower of strength.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Coopering)</i> <def>A small furnace or
iron cage to hold fire for charring the inside of a cask, and
making the staves flexible.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cress"y</hw> (kr&ebreve;s"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Abounding in cresses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cressy</i> islets white in flower.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crest</hw> (kr&ebreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>creste</i>, F. <i>cr&ecirc;te</i>, L.  <i>crista</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tuft, or other excrescence or natural
ornament, growing on an animal's head; the comb of a cock; the
swelling on the head of a serpent; the lengthened feathers of the
crown or nape of bird, etc.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Attack] his rising <i>crest</i>, and drive the
serpent back.<BR>
<i>C. Pitt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The plume of feathers, or other
decoration, worn on a helmet; the distinctive ornament of a
helmet, indicating the rank of the wearer; hence, also, the
helmet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stooping low his lofty <i>crest</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And on his head there stood upright<BR>
A <i>crest</i>, in token of a knight.<BR>
<i>Gower.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A bearing worn, not upon
the shield, but usually above it, or separately as an ornament
for plate, liveries, and the like. It is a relic of the ancient
cognizance. See <u>Cognizance</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The upper curve of a horse's
neck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Throwing the base thong from his bending
<i>crest</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The ridge or top of a wave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like wave with <i>crest</i> of sparkling foam.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The summit of a hill or mountain
ridge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The helm or head, as typical of a high
spirit; pride; courage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now the time is come<BR>
That France must vail her lofty plumed <i>crest</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The ornamental
finishing which surmounts the ridge of a roof, canopy,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The finials of gables and pinnacles are sometimes
called <i>crests</i>.<BR>
<i>Parker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>The top line of a
slope or embankment.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crest tile</b></col>, <cd>a tile made to cover the
ridge of a roof, fitting upon it like a saddle.</cd> --
<col><b>Interior crest</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>the highest
line of the parapet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crest</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cresting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with, or
surmount as, a crest; to serve as a crest for.</def></p>

<p><! p. 344 !></p>

<p><blockquote>His legs bestrid the ocean, his reared arm<BR>
<i>Crested</i> the world.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Mid groves of clouds that <i>crest</i> the
mountain's brow.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark with lines or streaks, like,
or regarded as like, waving plumes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like as the shining sky in summer's night, . . .
<BR>
Is <i>crested</i> with lines of fiery light.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crest</hw> (kr&ebreve;st), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
form a crest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crest"ed</hw> (kr&ebreve;st"&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a
crest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But laced <i>crested</i> helm.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a crest of
feathers or hair upon the head.</def> "The <i>crested</i> bird."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bott.)</i> <def>Bearing any elevated
appendage like a crest, as an elevated line or ridge, or a
tuft.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crest"fall`en</hw> (-f?l`'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With hanging head; hence, dispirited;
dejected; cowed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let it make thee <i>crestfullen</i>;<BR>
Ay, and allay this thy abortive pride.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the crest, or upper part of the
neck, hanging to one side; -- said of a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crest"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>An ornamental finish on the top of a wall or ridge of a
roof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crest"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a crest
or escutcheon; of low birth.</def> "<i>Crestless</i> yeomen."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cre*syl"ic</hw> (kr&esl;*s&ibreve;l"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Creosote</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, cresol, creosote,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cresylic acid</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cresol</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cre*ta"ceous</hw> (kr&esl;*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cretaceus</i>, fr.  <i>creta</i>
chalk. See <u>Crayon</u>.] <def>Having the qualities of chalk;
abounding with chalk; chalky; as, <i>cretaceous</i> rocks and
formations. See <u>Chalk</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cretaceous acid</b></col>, <cd>an old name for
carbonic acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Cretaceous formation</b></col>
<i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the series of strata of various kinds,
including beds of chalk, green sand, etc., formed in the
Cretaceous period; -- called also the <i>chalk formation</i>. See
the Diagram under <u>Geology</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cretaceous
period</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the time in the latter part
of the Mesozoic age during which the Cretaceous formation was
deposited.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cre*ta"ceous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
chalky manner; as chalk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"tan</hw> (kr&emacr;"t<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to Crete, or Candia.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of Crete or
Candia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crete</hw> (kr&emacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Cres</i>, <i>Cretis</i>.] <def>A Cretan</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"tian</hw> (kr&emacr;"sh<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Cretan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"tic</hw> (kr&emacr;"t&ibreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>Creticus</i> (sc. <i>pes</i> foot), Gr.
<grk>Kritiko`s</grk> (sc. <grk>poy`s</grk> foot), prop., a Cretan
(metrical) foot.] <i>(Gr. &amp; Lat. Pros.)</i> <def>A poetic foot,
composed of one short syllable between two long ones (- &ssmile;
-).</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cre"ti*cism</hw> (-t&ibreve;*s&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Falsehood; lying; cretism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"tin</hw> (kr&emacr;"t&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>cr&eacute;tin</i>; of uncertain origin.] <def>One
afflicted with cretinism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"tin*ism</hw> (kr&emacr;"t&ibreve;n*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cr&eacute;tinisme</i>.] <def>A
condition of endemic or inherited idiocy, accompanied by physical
degeneracy and deformity (usually with goiter), frequent in
certain mountain valleys, esp. of the Alps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"tin*ous</hw> (-&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the characteristics of a cretin.</def>
"<i>Cretinous</i> stupefaction."  <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cre"tism</hw> (kr&emacr;"t&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; lying, fr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to act like a Cretan, that is, to lie. "The
Cretians are always liars." <i>Titus i. 12.</i>] <def>A Cretan
practice; lying; a falsehood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre*tonne"</hw> (kr?-t?n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., gr.
<i>Creton</i>, its first manufacturer.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
strong white fabric with warp of hemp and weft of flax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fabric with cotton warp and woolen
weft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of chintz with a glossy
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"tose</hw> (kr?"t?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cretosus</i>, fr.  <i>creta</i> chalk.] <def>Chalky;
cretaceous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Creut"zer</hw> (kroit"s&etilde;r) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Kreutzer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Creux</hw> (kr?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
<pos><i>adj.</i></pos>, hollow, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, a hollow.]
<def>Used in English only in the expression <i>en creux</i>.
Thus, engraving <i>en creux</i> is engraving in intaglio, or by
sinking or hollowing out the design.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cre`val*le"</hw> (kr?`v?l-l?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Prob. of same origin as <i>cavally</i>. See <u>Cavally</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The cavally or
jurel.</def> See <u>Cavally</u>, and <u>Jurel</u>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pompano (<i>Trachynotus
Carolinus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cre`vasse"</hw> (kr?`v?s"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Crevice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A deep crevice or
fissure, as in embankment; one of the clefts or fissure by which
the mass of a glacier is divided.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A breach in the levee or embankment of
a river, caused by the pressure of the water, as on the lower
Mississippi.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Crev"et</hw> (kr?v"?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Creut</u>.] <def>A crucible or melting pot; a cruset.</def>
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crev"ice</hw> (kr?v"?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>crevace</i>, <i>crevice</i>. F.  <i>crevasse</i>, fr.
<i>crever</i> to break, burst, fr. L. <i>crepare</i> to
crack,break. Cf. <u>Craven</u>, <u>Crepitate</u>,
<u>Crevasse</u>.] <def>A narrow opening resulting from a split or
crack or the separation of a junction; a cleft; a fissure; a
rent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mouse,<BR>
Behind the moldering wainscot, shrieked,<BR>
Or from the <i>crevice</i> peered about.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crev"ice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To crack; to
flaw.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crev"iced</hw> (-?st), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
crevice or crevices; as, a <i>creviced</i> structure for storing
ears of corn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trickling through the <i>creviced</i> rock.<BR>
<i>J. Cunningham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crev"is</hw> (-?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The crawfish.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Crew</hw> (kr&udd;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Manx shearwater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crew</hw> (kr&udd;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From older
<i>accrue</i> accession, re&euml;nforcement, hence, company,
crew; the first syllable being misunderstood as the indefinite
article. See <u>Accrue</u>, <u>Crescent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A company of people associated together; an assemblage; a
throng.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There a noble <i>crew</i><BR>
Of lords and ladies stood on every side.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Faithful to whom? to thy rebellious
<i>crew</i>?<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The company of seamen who man a ship,
vessel, or at; the company belonging to a vessel or a
boat.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>crew</i>, in law, is ordinarily used as
equivalent to <i>ship's company</i>, including master and other
officers. When the master and other officers are excluded, the
context always shows it.  <i>Story. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In an extended sense, any small body
of men associated for a purpose; a gang; as <i>(Naut.)</i>, the
carpenter's <i>crew</i>; the boatswain's <i>crew</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Company; band; gang; horde; mob; herd; throng;
party.</p>

<p><hw>Crew</hw> (kr&udd;), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Crow</u></def>.</p>

<p><hw>Crew"el</hw> (kr?"?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. for
<i>clewel</i>, dim. of <i>clew</i> a ball of thread; or cf. D.
<i>krul</i> curl, E.  <i>curl</i>. &radic;26.] <def>Worsted
yarn,, slackly twisted, used for embroidery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crew"el*work`</hw> (-w?rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Embroidery in crewels, commonly done upon some plain
material, such as linen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crew"et</hw> (kr?"?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cruet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crib</hw> (kr?b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>crybb</i>;
akin to OS. <i>kribbja</i>, D. <i>krib</i>, <i>kribbe</i>, Dan.
<i>krybbe</i>, G. <i>krippe</i>, and perh. to MHG. <i>krebe</i>
basket, G, <i>korb</i>, and E. <i>rip</i> a sort of wicker
basket.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A manger or rack; a feeding place for
animals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The steer lion at one <i>crib</i> shall meet.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stall for oxen or other
cattle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where no oxen are, the <i>crib</i> is clean.<BR>
<i>Prov. xiv. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small inclosed bedstead or cot for a
child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A box or bin, or similar wooden
structure, for storing grain, salt, etc.; as, a <i>crib</i> for
corn or oats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A hovel; a hut; a cottage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why rather, Sleep, liest thou in smoky
<i>cribs</i>, . . . <BR>
Than in the perfumed chambers of the great?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A structure or frame
of timber for a foundation, or for supporting a roof, or for
lining a shaft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A structure of logs to be anchored
with stones; -- used for docks, pier, dams, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A small raft of timber.</def>
[Canada]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A small theft; anything purloined; a
plagiarism; hence, a translation or key, etc., to aid a student
in preparing or reciting his lessons.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Latin version technically called a
<i>crib</i>.<BR>
<i>Ld. Lytton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Occasional perusal of the Pagan writers, assisted
by a <i>crib</i>.<BR>
<i>Wilkie Collins.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A miner's luncheon.</def> [Cant]
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>The discarded
cards which the dealer can use in scoring points in
cribbage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crib</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cribbed</u> (kr&ibreve;bd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cribbing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shut up
or confine in a narrow habitation; to cage; to cramp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If only the vital energy be not <i>cribbed</i> or
cramped.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Now I am cabin'd, <i>cribbed</i>, confined.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pilfer or purloin; hence, to steal
from an author; to appropriate; to plagiarize; as, to <i>crib</i>
a line from Milton.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Child, being fond of toys, <i>cribbed</i> the
necklace.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crib</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To crowd together, or to be confined, as in a crib or in
narrow accommodations.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who sought to make . . . bishops to <i>crib</i> in
a Presbyterian trundle bed.<BR>
<i>Gauden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make notes for dishonest use in
recitation or examination.</def> [College Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To seize the manger or other solid
object with the teeth and draw in wind; -- said of a
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crib"bage</hw> (kr&ibreve;b"?j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <u>Crib</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 2.] <def>A game of
cards, played by two or four persons, in which there is a crib.
(See <u>Crib</u>, 11.) It is characterized by a great variety of
chances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man's fancy would be summed up in
<i>cribbage</i>.<BR>
<i>John Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Cribbage board</b></col>, <cd>a board with holes and
pegs, used by cribbage players to score their game.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Crib"ber</hw> (kr?b"?r), <hw>Crib"-bit`er</hw> (-b?t"?r)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A horse that has the habit of
cribbing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crib"bing</hw> (kr?b"b?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inclosing or confining in a
crib or in close quarters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Purloining; stealing;
plagiarizing.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A framework of timbers
and plank backing for a shaft lining, to prevent caving,
percolation of water, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A vicious habit of a horse; crib-
biting. The horse lays hold of the crib or manger with his teeth
and draws air into the stomach with a grunting sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crib"-bit`ing</hw> (kr?b"b?t`?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Cribbing</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crib"ble</hw> (kr?b"b'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>crible</i>, LL. <i>criblus</i> sieve, fr. L. <i>cribrum</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A coarse sieve or screen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coarse flour or meal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cribbled</u> (-b'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cribbling</u> (-bl?ng).] [Cf. F.
<i>cribler</i>.] <def>To cause to pass through a sieve or riddle;
to sift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coarse; as,
<i>cribble</i> bread.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cri*bel"lum</hw> (kr?b?l"l?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
a small sieve, dim. of <i>cribrum</i> sieve.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A peculiar perforated organ of certain spiders
(<i>Ciniflonid&aelig;</i>), used for spinning a special kind of
silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crib"rate</hw> (kr?b"r?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cribratus</i>, p. p. of <i>cribrare</i> to sift, fr.
<i>cribrum</i> a sieve.] <def>Cribriform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cri*bra"tion</hw> (kr?-br?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F.  <i>cribration</i>, fr. L. <i>cribrare</i> to sift. See
<u>Cribble</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Pharmacy)</i> <def>The
act or process of separating the finer parts of drugs from the
coarser by sifting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crib"ri*form</hw> (kr?b"r?f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cribrum</i> sieve + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>cribriforme</i>.]
<def>Resembling, or having the form of, a sieve; pierced with
holes; as, the <i>cribriform</i> plate of the ethmoid bone; a
<i>cribriform</i> compress.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cribriform cells</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>those
which have here and there oblique or transverse sieve plates, or
places perforated with many holes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crib"rose</hw> (kr?b"r?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cribrum</i> sieve.] <def>Perforated like a sieve;
cribriform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cric</hw> (kr&ibreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [prob. fr.
F. <i>cric</i> a jackscrew.] <def>The ring which turns inward and
condenses the flame of a lamp.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crick</hw> (kr&ibreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Creak</u>.] <def>The creaking of a door, or a noise resembling
it.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same as <i>creek</i>
a bending, twisting. See <u>Creek</u>, <u>Crook</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A painful, spasmodic affection of the
muscles of some part of the body, as of the neck or back,
rendering it difficult to move the part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> To those also that, with a <i>crick</i> or cramp,
have thei necks drawn backward.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>cric</i>.] <def>A small
jackscrew.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crick"et</hw> (kr?k"?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>criket</i>, OF.  <i>crequet</i>, <i>criquet</i>; prob. of
German origin, and akin to E. <i>creak</i>; cf. D. <i>kriek</i> a
cricket. See <u>Creak</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
orthopterous insect of the genus <i>Gryllus</i>, and allied
genera. The males make chirping, musical notes by rubbing
together the basal parts of the veins of the front
wings.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European cricket is <i>Gryllus
domesticus</i>; the common large black crickets of America are
<i>G. niger</i>, <i>G. neglectus</i>, and others.</p>

<p><col><b>Balm cricket</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Balm</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cricket bird</b></col>, <cd>a small
European bird (<i>Silvia locustella</i>); -- called also
<i>grasshopper warbler</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cricket
frog</b></col>, <cd>a small American tree frog (<i>Acris
gryllus</i>); -- so called from its chirping.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crick"et</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.  <i>cricc</i>,
<i>crycc</i>, crooked staff, crutch. Perh. first used in sense 1,
a stool prob. having been first used as a wicket. See
<u>Crutch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A low stool.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A game much played in England, and
sometimes in America, with a ball, bats, and wickets, the players
being arranged in two contesting parties or sides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small false roof, or
the raising of a portion of a roof, so as to throw off water from
behind an obstacle, such as a chimney.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crick"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play at
cricket.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crick"et*er</hw> (kr?k"?t-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who plays at cricket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cri"coid</hw> (kr?"koid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; ring + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling
a ring; -- said esp. of the cartilage at the larynx, and the
adjoining parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cri`co*thy"roid</hw> (-k?-th?"roid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining both to the cricoid and the
thyroid cartilages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cried</hw> (kr&imacr;d), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Cry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cri"er</hw> (kr?"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>crieur</i>. See <u>Cry</u>.] <def>One who cries; one who makes
proclamation.</def> Specifically, <def>an officer who proclaims
the orders or directions of a court, or who gives public notice
by loud proclamation; as, a town-<i>crier</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He openeth his mouth like a <i>crier</i>.<BR>
<i>Ecclus. xx. 15.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crime</hw> (kr&imacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F.
<i>crime</i>, fr. L.  <i>crimen</i> judicial decision, that which
is subjected to such a decision, charge, fault, crime, fr. the
root of <i>cernere</i> to decide judicially. See <u>Certain</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any violation of law, either divine or
human; an omission of a duty commanded, or the commission of an
act forbidden by law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gross violation of human law, in
distinction from a misdemeanor or trespass, or other slight
offense. Hence, also, any aggravated offense against morality or
the public welfare; any outrage or great wrong.</def> "To part
error from <i>crime</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Crimes</i>, in the English common law, are grave
offenses which were originally capitally punished (murder, rape,
robbery, arson, burglary, and larceny), as distinguished from
misdemeanors, which are offenses of a lighter grade. See
<u>Misdemeanors</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any great wickedness or sin;
iniquity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>crime</i> was thine, if 'tis no <i>crime</i>
to love.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which occasion crime.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The tree of life, the <i>crime</i> of our first
father's fall.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Capital crime</b></col>, <cd>a crime punishable with
death.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sin; vice; iniquity; wrong.  -- <u>Crime</u>,
<u>Sin</u>,<u>Vice</u>.  <i>Sin</i> is the generic term,
embracing wickedness of every kind, but specifically denoting an
offense as committed against God. <i>Crime</i> is strictly a
violation of law either human or divine; but in present usage the
term is commonly applied to actions contrary to the laws of the
State. <i>Vice</i> is more distinctively that which springs from
the inordinate indulgence of the natural appetites, which are in
themselves innocent. Thus intemperance, unchastity, duplicity,
etc., are <i>vices</i>; while murder, forgery, etc., which spring
from the indulgence of selfish passions, are <i>crimes</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Crime"ful</hw> (kr?m"f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Criminal; wicked; contrary to law, right, or dury.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crime"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
crime; innocent.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crim"i*nal</hw> (kr?m"?-n<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>criminalis</i>, fr.  <i>crimen</i>: cf. F.
<i>criminel</i>. See <u>Crime</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Guilty of crime or sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The neglect of any of the relative duties renders
us <i>criminal</i> in the sight of God.<BR>
<i>Rogers.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Involving a crime; of the nature of a
crime; -- said of an act or of conduct; as, <i>criminal</i>
carelessness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foppish and fantastic ornaments are only
indications of vice, not <i>criminal</i> in themselves.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relating to crime; -- opposed to
<i>civil</i>; as, the <i>criminal</i> code.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The officers and servants of the crown, violating
the personal liberty, or other right of the subject . . . were in
some cases liable to <i>criminal</i> process.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Criminal action</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an action
or suit instituted to secure conviction and punishment for a
crime.</cd> -- <col><b>Criminal conversation</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>unlawful intercourse with a married woman;
adultery; -- usually abbreviated, <i>crim. con</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Criminal law</b></col>, <cd>the law which relates to
crimes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crim"i*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has
commited a crime; especially, one who is found guilty by verdict,
confession, or proof; a malefactor; a felon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crim"i*nal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in criminal law.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 345 !></p>

<p><hw>Crim`i*nal"i*ty</hw> (kr?m`?-n?l"?-t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>criminalitas</i>, fr. L.
<i>criminalis</i>. See <u>Criminal</u>.] <def>The quality or
state of being criminal; that which constitutes a crime;
guiltiness; guilt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is by no means the only criterion of
<i>criminality</i>.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crim"i*nal*ly</hw> (kr?m"?-n<i>a</i>l-l?),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In violation of law;
wickedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crim"i*nal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Criminality.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Crim"i*nate</hw> (kr&?;m"&?;-n&?;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Criminated</u> (-
n&?;`t&?;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Criminating</u>
(-n&?;"t&?;ng).] [L. <i>criminatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>criminare</i>, <i>criminari</i>, to criminate, fr.
<i>crimen</i>. See <u>Crime</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
accuse of, or charge with, a crime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>criminate</i>, with the heavy and ungrounded
charge of disloyalty and disaffection, an uncorrupt, independent,
and reforming parliament.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To involve in a crime or in its
consequences; to render liable to a criminal charge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Impelled by the strongest pressure of hope and
fear to <i>criminate</i> him.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crim`i*na"tion</hw> (kr?m`?-n?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>criminatio</i>.] <def>The act of accusing; accusation;
charge; complaint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>criminations</i> and recriminations of the
adverse parties.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crim"i*na*tive</hw> (kr?m"?-n?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Charging with crime; accusing; criminatory.</def>  <i>R.
North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crim"i*na*to*ry</hw> (-t?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to, or involving, crimination; accusing; as, a
<i>criminatory</i> conscience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crim`i*nol"o*gy</hw> (-n?l"?-j?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crimen</i>, <i>crimenis</i>, crime +  <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A
treatise on crime or the criminal population.</def> --
<wf>Crim`i*nol"o*gist</wf> (-j&?;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Crim"i*nous</hw> (kr?m"?-n?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>criminosus</i>, fr.  <i>crimen</i>. See <u>Crime</u>.]
<def>Criminal; involving great crime or grave charges; very
wicked; heinous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Crim"i*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Crim"i*nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Crim"o*sin</hw> (kr?m"?-z?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<def>See <u>Crimson</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crimp</hw> (kr&ibreve;mp), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crimped</u> (kr&ibreve;mt;
215); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crimping</u>.] [Akin
to D.  <i>krimpen</i> to shrink, shrivel, Sw. <i>krympa</i>, Dan.
<i>krympe</i>, and to E. <i>cramp</i>.  See <u>Cramp</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fold or plait in regular undulation in
such a way that the material will retain the shape intended; to
give a wavy appearance to; as, to <i>crimp</i> the border of a
cap; to <i>crimp</i> a ruffle.  Cf. <u>Crisp</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The comely hostess in a <i>crimped</i> cap.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pinch and hold; to seize.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Hence, <def>to entrap into the military or
naval service; as, to <i>crimp</i> seamen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Coaxing and courting with intent to <i>crimp</i>
him.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>To cause to contract,
or to render more crisp, as the flesh of a fish, by gashing it,
when living, with a knife; as, to <i>crimp</i> skate,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crimping house</b></col>, <cd>a low lodging house,
into which men are decoyed and plied with drink, to induce them
to ship or enlist as sailors or soldiers.</cd> --
<col><b>Crimping iron</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An iron
instrument for crimping and curling the hair.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A crimping machine.</cd> --
<col><b>Crimping machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine with fluted
rollers or with dies, for crimping ruffles, leather, iron,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Crimping pin</b></col>, <cd>an instrument
for crimping or puckering the border of a lady's cap.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crimp</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Easily crumbled; friable; brittle.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now the fowler . . . treads the <i>crimp</i>
earth.<BR>
<i>J. Philips.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weak; inconsistent;
contradictory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The evidence is <i>crimp</i>; the witnesses swear
backward and forward, and contradict themselves.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crimp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
coal broker.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who decoys or entraps men into the
military or naval service.</def>  <i> Marryat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A keeper of a low lodging house where
sailors and emigrants are entrapped and fleeced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hair which has been crimped; --
usually in <i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A game at cards.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Boot crimp</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Boot</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crimp"age</hw> (-?j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
practice of crimping; money paid to a crimp for shipping or
enlisting men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crimp"er</hw> (-&atilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, crimps</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
curved board or frame over which the upper of a boot or shoe is
stretched to the required shape.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
device for giving hair a wavy appearance.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A machine for crimping or ruffling
textile fabrics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crim"ple</hw> (kr?m"p'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crimpled</u> (-p'ld);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crimpling</u> (-pl?ng).]
[Dim. of <i>crimp</i>, v. t. ] <def>To cause to shrink or draw
together; to contract; to curl.</def> [R.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crimp"y</hw> (kr?mp"?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
crimped appearance; frizzly; as, the <i>crimpy</i> wool of the
Saxony sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crim"son</hw> (kr&ibreve;m"z'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>crimson</i>, OF.  <i>crimoisin</i>, F.  <i>cramoisi</i> (cf.
Sp. <i>carmesi</i>.) LL.  <i>carmesinus</i>, fr. Ar.
<i>qermazi</i>, fr. <i>qermez</i> crimson, kermes, fr. Skr.
<i>k&rsdot;mija</i> produced by a worm; <i>k&?;mi</i> worm or
insect +  <i>jan</i> to generate; akin to E.  <i>kin</i>. CF.
<u>Carmine</u>, <u>Kermes</u>.] <def>A deep red color tinged with
blue; also, red color in general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be as
white as snow; though they be red like <i>crimson</i>, they shall
be as wool.<BR>
<i>Is. i. 18.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A maid yet rosed over with the virgin
<i>crimson</i> of modesty.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crim"son</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a deep red
color tinged with blue; deep red.</def> "A <i>crimson</i> tide."
<i>Mrs. Hemans.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The blushing poppy with a <i>crimson</i> hue.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crim"son</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crimsoned</u> (-z'nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Crimsoning</u>.] <def>To dye with crimson or deep
red; to redden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Signed in thy spoil and <i>crimsoned</i> in thy
lethe.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crim"son</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To become
crimson; to blush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ancient towers . . . beginning to <i>crimson</i>
with the radiant luster of a cloudless July morning.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cri"nal</hw> (kr&imacr;"n<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>crinalis</i>, fr. <i>crinis</i> the hair.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the hair.</def> [R.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cri"na*ted</hw> (kr&imacr;"n&asl;*t&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having hair; hairy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cri"na*to*ry</hw> (kr?"n?-t?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Crinitory.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crin"cum</hw> (kr?n"k?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Crinkle</u>.] <def>A twist or bend; a turn; a whimsey.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crin"cum-cran"cum</hw> (kr?n"k?m-kr?n"k?m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A twist; a whimsey or whim.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Crined</hw> (kr&imacr;nd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crinis</i> hair.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having the hair of a
different tincture from the rest of the body; as, a charge
<i>crined</i> of a red tincture.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cri"nel</hw> (kr?"nEl), <hw>Cri"net</hw> (kr?"n?t), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>crinis</i> hair.] <def>A very fine,
hairlike feather.</def>  <i>Booth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cringe</hw> (kr&ibreve;nj), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cringed</u> (kr&ibreve;njd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cringing</u>.] [As.
<i>crincgan</i>, <i>cringan</i>, <i>crincan</i>, to jield, fall;
akin to E.  <i>crank</i>.] <def>To draw one's self together as in
fear or servility; to bend or crouch with base humility; to
wince; hence, to make court in a degrading manner; to
fawn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When they were come up to the place where the
lions were, the boys that went before were glad to <i>cringe</i>
behind, for they were afraid of the lions.<BR>
<i>Bunyan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Sly hypocrite, . . . who more than thou<BR>
Once fawned and <i>cringed</i>, and servilely adored<BR>
Heaven's awful monarch?<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Flatterers . . . are always bowing and
<i>cringing</i>.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cringe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To contract; to
draw together; to cause to shrink or wrinkle; to distort.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Till like a boy you see him <i>cringe</i> his
face,<BR>
And whine aloud for mercy.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cringe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Servile civility;
fawning; a shrinking or bowing, as in fear or servility.</def>
"With <i>cringe</i> and shrug, and bow obsequious."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cringe"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
cringes meanly; a fawner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crin"ger</hw> (kr?n"j?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who cringes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crin"ging*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
cringing manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crin"gle</hw> (kr?n"g'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>kringla</i> orb; akin to <i>kring</i> around, and to D.
<i>kring</i> circle, and to E.  <i>cringe</i>, <i>crank</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A withe for fastening a gate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An iron or pope thimble
or grommet worked into or attached to the edges and corners of a
sail; -- usually in the plural. The cringles are used for making
fast the bowline bridles, earings, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crin`i*cul"tur*al</hw> (kr?n`?-k?l"t?r-a]/>l; 135),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.  <i>crinis</i> hair + <i>cultura</i>.]
<def>Relating to the growth of hair.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cri*nig"er*ous</hw> (kr?-n?j"?r-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>criniger</i>; <i>crinis</i> hair + <i>gerere</i> to bear.]
<def>Bearing hair; hairy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cri"ni*tal</hw> (kr?"n?-t<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Crinite</u>, <sn><b>1.</b></sn></def></p>

<p><blockquote>He the star <i>crinital</i> adoreth.<BR>
<i>Stanyhurst.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cri"nite</hw> (kr?"n?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crinitus</i>, p. p. of <i>crinire</i> to provide or cover with
hair, fr. <i>crinis</i> hair.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the
appearance of a tuft of hair; having a hairlike tail or
train.</def> "Comate, <i>crinite</i>, caudate stars."
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearded or tufted with
hairs.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cri"ni*to*ry</hw> (kr?"n?-t?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or relating to hair; as, a <i>crinitory</i>
covering.</def>  <i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crin"kle</hw> (kr&ibreve;&nsm;"k'l), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crinkled</u> (-
k'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crinkling</u> (-
kl&ibreve;ng).] [A dim., fr. the root of <i>cringe</i>; akin to
D. <i>krinkelen</i> to wind or twist. Cf. <u>Cringle</u>,
<u>Cringe</u>.] <def>To form with short turns, bends, or
wrinkles; to mold into inequalities or sinuosities; to cause to
wrinkle or curl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The house&?;s <i>crinkled</i> to and fro.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Her face all bowsy,<BR>
Comely <i>crinkled</i>,<BR>
Wondrously wrinkled.<BR>
<i>Skelton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The flames through all the casements pushing
forth,<BR>
Like red-not devils <i>crinkled</i> into snakes.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crin"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn or
wind; to run in and out in many short bends or turns; to curl; to
run in waves; to wrinkle; also, to rustle, as stiff cloth when
moved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The green wheat <i>crinkles</i> like a lake.<BR>
<i>L. T. Trowbridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And all the rooms<BR>
Were full of <i>crinkling</i> silks.<BR>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crin"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A winding or
turn; wrinkle; sinuosity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>crinkles</i> in this glass, making objects
appear double.<BR>
<i>A. Tucker.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crin"kled</hw> (kr?n"k'ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having short bends, turns, or wrinkles; wrinkled; wavy;
zigzag.</def>  "The <i>crinkled</i> lightning."
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crin"kly</hw> (-kl?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
crinkles; wavy; wrinkly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cri"noid</hw> (kr&imacr;"noid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Crinoidea</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Crinoidal.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Crinoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cri*noid"al</hw> (kr&isl;*noid"<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of pertaining to
crinoids; consisting of, or containing, crinoids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cri*noid"e*a</hw> (kr>isl/*noid"&esl;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. <grk>kri`non</grk> lily +
<i>-oid</i>: cf. F.  <i>crino&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large class of Echinodermata, including numerous extinct
families and genera, but comparatively few living ones. Most of
the fossil species, like some that are recent, were attached by a
jointed stem. See <u>Blastoidea</u>, <u>Cystoidea</u>,
<u>Comatula</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cri*noid"e*an</hw> (-<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>One of the Crinoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crin"o*line</hw> (kr?n"?-l?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. <i>crin</i> hair,L. <i>crinis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
kind of stiff cloth, used chiefly by women, for underskirts, to
expand the gown worn over it; -- so called because originally
made of <i>hair</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lady's skirt made of any stiff
material; latterly, a hoop skirt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cri*nose"</hw> (kr?-n?s"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crinis</i> hair.] <def>Hairy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cri*nos"i*ty</hw> (kr?-n?s"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hairiness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cri"num</hw> (kr&imacr;"n&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>kri`non</grk> lily.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of bulbous plants, of the order
<i>Amaryllidace&aelig;</i>, cultivated as greenhouse plants on
account of their beauty.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cri"o*sphinx`</hw> (kr&imacr;"&osl;*sf&ibreve;&nsm;ks`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>krio`s</grk> ram +
<grk>sfi`gx</grk> sphinx.] <def>A sphinx with the head of a
ram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crip"ple</hw> (kr&ibreve;p"p'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cripel</i>, <i>crepel</i>, <i>crupel</i>, AS. <i>crypel</i>
(akin to D.  <i>kreuple</i>, G.  <i>kr&uuml;ppel</i>, Dan.
<i>kr&ouml;bling</i>, Icel.  <i>kryppill</i>), prop., one that
can not walk, but must creep, fr. AS. <i>cre&oacute;pan</i> to
creep. See <u>Creep</u>.] <def>One who creeps, halts, or limps;
one who has lost, or never had, the use of a limb or limbs; a
lame person; hence, one who is partially disabled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a <i>cripple</i> in my limbs; but what decays
are in my mind, the reader must determine.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crip"ple</hw> (kr&ibreve;p"p'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lame; halting.</def> [R.] "The <i>cripple</i>, tardy-gaited
night."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crip"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crippled</u> (-p'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Crippling</u> (-pl?ng).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To deprive of the use of a limb, particularly of a leg or
foot; to lame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>crippled</i> the joints of the noble
child.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of strength, activity, or
capability for service or use; to disable; to deprive of
resources; as, to be financially <i>crippled</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More serious embarrassments . . . were
<i>crippling</i> the energy of the settlement in the Bay.<BR>
<i>Palfrey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An incumbrance which would permanently
<i>cripple</i> the body politic.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crip"pled</hw> (kr?p"p'ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lamed; lame; disabled; impeded.</def> "The <i>crippled</i>
crone."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crip"ple*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Lameness.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crip"pler</hw> (-pl?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wooden
tool used in graining leather.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crip"pling</hw> (-pl?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Spars
or timbers set up as a support against the side of a
building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crip"ply</hw> (-pl?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lame;
disabled; in a crippled condition.</def> [R.]  <i>Mrs.
Trollope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cri"sis</hw> (kr?"s?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Crises</b></plw> (-s&?;z). [L.  <i>crisis</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?; to separate. See <u>Certain</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The point of time when it is to be
decided whether any affair or course of action must go on, or be
modified or terminate; the decisive moment; the turning
point.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This hour's the very <i>crisis</i> of your
fate.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The very times of <i>crisis</i> for the fate of
the country.<BR>
<i>Brougham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>That change in a disease
which indicates whether the result is to be recovery or death;
sometimes, also, a striking change of symptoms attended by an
outward manifestation, as by an eruption or sweat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till some safe <i>crisis</i> authorize their
skill.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crisp</hw> (kr?sp), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>crisp</i>, fr. L.  <i>crispus</i>; cf. <i>carpere</i> to
pluck, card (wool), and E. <i>harvest</i>.  Cf. <u>Crape</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Curling in stiff curls or ringlets; as,
<i>crisp</i> hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Curled with the ripple of the
water.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>You nymphs called Naiads, of the winding brooks .
. . <BR>
Leave jour <i>crisp</i> channels.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Brittle; friable; in a condition to
break with a short, sharp fracture; as, <i>crisp</i>
snow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cakes at tea ate short and <i>crisp</i>.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Possessing a certain degree of
firmness and freshness; in a fresh, unwilted condition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [laurel] has been plucked nine months, and yet
looks as hale and <i>crisp</i> as if it would last ninety
years.<BR>
<i>Leigh Hunt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Lively; sparking;
effervescing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your neat <i>crisp</i> claret.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Brisk; crackling; cheerful;
lively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The snug, small room, and the <i>crisp</i>
fire.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crisp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crisped</u> (kr?spt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Crisping</u>.] [L. <i>crispare</i>, fr.
<i>crispus</i>. See <u>Crisp</u>. <pos><i>a.</i></pos> ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To curl; to form into ringlets, as hair,
or the nap of cloth; to interweave, as the branches of
trees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to undulate irregularly, as
crape or water; to wrinkle; to cause to ripple. Cf.
<u>Crimp</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lover with the myrtle sprays<BR>
Adorns his <i>crisped</i> tresses.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Along the <i>crisped</i> shades and bowers.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>crisped</i> brooks,<BR>
Rolling on orient pearl and sands of gold.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make crisp or brittle, as in
cooking.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crisping iron</b></col>, <cd>an instrument by which
hair or any textile fabric is crisped.</cd> -- <col><b>Crisping
pin</b></col>, <cd>the simplest form of crisping iron.</cd>
<i>Is. iii. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crisp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To undulate or
ripple.  Cf.  <u>Crisp</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>To watch the <i>crisping</i> ripples on the
beach.<BR>
<i>Tennuson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crisp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is crisp
or brittle; the state of being crisp or brittle; as, burned to a
<i>crisp</i>; specifically, the rind of roasted pork;
crackling.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cris"pate</hw> (kr?s"p?t), <hw>Cris"pa*ted</hw> (-p?-
t?d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.  <i>crispatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>crispare</i>.] <def>Having a crisped appearance; irregularly
curled or twisted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cris*pa"tion</hw> (kr?s-p?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[CF. F.  <i>crispation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or
process of curling, or the state of being curled.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A very slight convulsive or spasmodic
contraction of certain muscles, external or internal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Few men can look down from a great height without
creepings and <i>crispations</i>.<BR>
<i>O. W. Holmes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cris"pa*ture</hw> (kr?s"p?-t?r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being crispate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crisp"er</hw> (kr?s"p?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, crisps or curls; an instrument for making
little curls in the nap of cloth, as in chinchilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cris"pin</hw> (kr?s"p?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shoemaker; -- jocularly so called from
the patron saint of the craft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of a union or association of
shoemakers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crisp"ly</hw> (kr?sp"l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
crisp manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crisp"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being crisp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crisp"y</hw> (-?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Formed into short, close ringlets; frizzed; crisp; as,
<i>crispy</i> locks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Crisp; brittle; as, a <i>crispy</i>
pie crust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cris"sal</hw> (kr?s"s<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the
crissum; as, <i>crissal</i> feathers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having highly colored under tail
coverts; as, the <i>crissal</i> thrasher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Criss"cross`</hw> (kr?s"kr?s`; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[A corruption of <i>Christcross</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
mark or cross, as the signature of a person who is unable to
write.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A child's game played on paper or on a
slate, consisting of lines arranged in the form of a
cross.</def></p>

<p><hw>Criss"cross`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark or
cover with cross lines; as, a paper was <i>crisscrossed</i> with
red marks.</def></p>

<p><! p. 346 !></p>

<p><hw>Criss"cross`</hw> (kr?s"kr?s`;115), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In opposite directions; in a way to cross
something else; crossing one another at various angles and in
various ways.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Logs and tree luing <i>crisscross</i> in utter
confusion.<BR>
<i>W. E. Boardman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With opposition or hindrance; at cross
purposes; contrarily; as, things go <i>crisscross</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Criss"cross-row`</hw> (-r?`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Christcross-row</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cris"sum</hw> (kr?s"s?m),, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Crissa</b></plw> (-s&?;). [NL.; cf. L.
<i>crisso</i> to move the haunches.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>That part of a bird, or the feathers, surrounding the
cloacal opening; the under tail coverts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cris"tate</hw> (kr?s"t?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ctistatus</i>, fr.  <i>crista</i> crest.] <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Crested.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cri*te"ri*on</hw> (kr?-t?"r?-?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i>  <plw><b>Criteria</b></plw> (-&?;), sometimes
<plw><b>Criterions</b></plw> (-&?;nz). [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; a
means for judging, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?; decider, judge, fr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to separate. See <u>Certain</u>.] <def>A standard
of judging; any approved or established rule or test, by which
facts, principles opinions, and conduct are tried in forming a
correct judgment respecting them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of the diseases of the mind there is no
<i>criterion</i>.<BR>
<i>Donne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Inferences founded on such enduring
<i>criteria</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Standard; measure; rule.</p>

<p><hw>Crith</hw> (kr&ibreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kriqh`</grk> a barleycorn, a small weight.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The unit for estimating the weight of a&euml;riform
substances; -- the weight of a liter of hydrogen at 0&deg;
centigrade, and with a tension of 76 centimeters of mercury. It
is 0.0896 of a gram, or 1.38274 grains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crith"o*man`cy</hw>
(kr&ibreve;th"&osl;*m&abreve;n`s&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>kriqai`</grk>, pl., barley + <i>-mancy</i>: cf. F.
<i>crithomancie</i>.] <def>A kind of divination by means of the
dough of the cakes offered in the ancient sacrifices, and the
meal strewed over the victims.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crit"ic</hw> (kr&ibreve;t"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>criticus</i>, Gr. <grk>kritiko`s</grk>, a critic; prop.,
an adj. meaning <i>able to discuss</i>, from <grk>kri`nein</grk>
to judge, discern. See <u>Certain</u>, and cf. <u>Critique</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One skilled in judging of the merits of
literary or artistic works; a connoisseur; an adept; hence, one
who examines literary or artistic works, etc., and passes
judgment upon them; a reviewer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The opininon of the most skillful <i>critics</i>
was, that nothing finer [than Goldsmith's "Traveler"] had
appeared in verse since the fourth book of the "Dunciad."<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who passes a rigorous or captious
judgment; one who censures or finds fault; a harsh examiner or
judge; a caviler; a carper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When an author has many beauties consistent with
virtue, piety, and truth, let not little <i>critics</i> exalt
themselves, and shower down their ill nature.<BR>
<i>I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>You know who the <i>critics</i> are? the men who
have failed in literature and art.<BR>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The art of criticism.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An act of criticism; a critique.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And make each day a <i>critic</i> on the last.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crit"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to critics or criticism; critical.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Critic</i>
learning."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crit"ic</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>critiquer</i>.] <def>To criticise; to play the critic.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nay, if you begin to <i>critic</i> once, we shall
never have done.<BR>
<i>A. Brewer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crit"ic*al</hw> (kr&ibreve;t"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Critic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Crisis</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Qualified to criticise, or pass
judgment upon, literary or artistic productions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is submitted to the judgment of more
<i>critical</i> ears to direct and determine what is graceful and
what is not.<BR>
<i>Holder.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to criticism or the
critic's art; of the nature of a criticism; accurate; as,
<i>critical</i> knowledge; a <i>critical</i>
dissertation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to make nice distinctions, or
to exercise careful judgment and selection; exact; nicely
judicious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Virgil was so <i>critical</i> in the rites of
religion, that he would never have brought in such prayers as
these, if they had not been agreeable to the Roman customs.<BR>
<i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to criticise or find fault;
fastidious; captious; censorious; exacting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O gentle lady, do not put me to 't,<BR>
For I am nothing, if not <i>critical</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by thoroughness and a
reference to principles, as becomes a critic; as, a
<i>critical</i> analysis of a subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [See <u>Crisis</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or
indicating, a crisis, turning point, or specially important
juncture; important as regards consequences; hence, of doubtful
issue; attended with risk; dangerous; as, the <i>critical</i>
stage of a fever; a <i>critical</i> situation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our circumstances are indeed <i>critical</i>.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The small moment, the exact point, the
<i>critical</i> minute, on which every good work so much
depends.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Critical angle</b></col> <i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>that
angle of incidence of a luminous ray at which it is wholly
reflected, and no portion of it transmitted. The sine of this
angle is the reciprocal of the refractive index of the
medium.</cd> -- <col><b>Critical philosophy</b></col>, <cd>the
metaphysical system of Kant; -- so called from his most important
work, the "Critique of Pure Reason."</cd> -- <col><b>Critical
point</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a certain temperature,
different for different gases, but always the same for each gas,
regarded as the limit above which no amount of pressure can
produce condensation to a liquid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crit"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a critical manner; with nice
discernment; accurately; exactly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Critically</i> to discern good writers from
bad.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At a crisis; at a critical time; in a
situation, place, or condition of decisive consequence; as, a
fortification <i>critically</i> situated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Coming <i>critically</i> the night before the
session.<BR>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crit"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being critical,
or of occurring at a critical time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accuracy in examination or decision;
exactness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crit"ic*as`ter</hw>
(kr&ibreve;t"&ibreve;k*&abreve;s`t&til;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A contemptible or vicious critic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rancorous and reptile crew of poeticules, who
decompose into <i>criticasters</i>.<BR>
<i>Swinburne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crit"i*cis`a*ble</hw>
(kr&ibreve;t"&ibreve;*s&imacr;z`&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being criticised.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crit"i*cise</hw> (kr?t"?-s?z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Criticised</u> (-s?zd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Criticising</u>.] [Written
also, more analogically, but less commonly, <i>criticize</i>.]
[Cf. G.  <i>kritisiren</i>. See <u>Critic</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To examine and judge as a critic; to pass
literary or artistic judgment upon; as, to <i>criticise</i> an
author; to <i>criticise</i> a picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express one's views as to the merit
or demerit of; esp., to animadvert upon; to find fault with; as,
to <i>criticise</i> conduct.</def>  <i>Blackwood's Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crit"i*cise</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To act as a critic; to pass literary or
artistic judgment; to play the critic; -- formerly used with
<i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Several of these ladies, indeed, <i>criticised</i>
upon the form of the association.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discuss the merits or demerits of a
thing or person; esp., to find fault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cavil you may, but never <i>criticise</i>.<BR>
<i> Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crit"i*ci`ser</hw> (-s?`z?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who criticises; a critic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crit"i*cism</hw> (kr?t"?-s?z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The rules and principles which regulate
the practice of the critic; the art of judging with knowledge and
propriety of the beauties and faults of a literary performance,
or of a production in the fine arts; as, dramatic
<i>criticism</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The elements of<i>criticism</i> depend on the two
principles of Beauty and Truth, one of which is the final end or
object of study in every one of its pursuits: Beauty, in letters
and the arts; Truth, in history and sciences.<BR>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>criticism</i>, as it was first instituted by
Aristotle, was meant a standard of judging well.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of criticising; a critical
judgment passed or expressed; a critical observation or detailed
examination and review; a critique; animadversion;
censure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>About the plan of "Rasselas" little was said by
the critics; and yet the faults of the plan might seem to invite
severe <i>criticism</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cri*tique"</hw> (kr&ibreve;*t&emacr;k"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>critique</i>, f., fr. Gr.
<grk>kritikh`</grk> (sc. <grk>te`chnh</grk>) the critical art,
from <grk>kritiko`s</grk>. See <u>Critic</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of criticism.</def> [Written
also <i>critic</i>.] [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A critical examination or estimate of
a work of literature or art; a critical dissertation or essay; a
careful and thorough analysis of any subject; a criticism; as,
Kant's "<i>Critique</i> of Pure Reason."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I should as soon expect to see a <i>critique</i>
on the poesy of a ring as on the inscription of a medal.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A critic; one who criticises.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A question among <i>critiques</i> in the ages to
come.<BR>
<i>Bp. Lincoln.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cri*tique"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Critic</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To criticise or pass
judgment upon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Criz"zel</hw> (kr?z"z'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<i>grizzle</i> darkish gray, or G. <i>griselig</i> gravelly,
granular, speckled.] <def>A kind of roughness on the surface of
glass, which clouds its transparency.</def> [Written also
<i>crizzeling</i> and <i>crizzle</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Croak</hw> (kr&omacr;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Croaked</u>. (kr&omacr;kt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Croaking</u>.] [From the
primitive of AS.  <i>cracettan</i> to croak as a raven; akin to
G.  <i>kr&auml;chzen</i> to croak, and to E. <i>creak</i>,
<i>crake</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a low, hoarse
noise in the throat, as a frog, a raven, or a crow; hence, to
make any hoarse, dismal sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Loud thunder to its bottom shook the bog,<BR>
And the hoarse nation <i>croaked</i>.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To complain; especially, to grumble;
to forebode evil; to utter complaints or forebodings
habitually.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Marat . . . <i>croaks</i> with reasonableness.<BR>
<i>Carlyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Croak</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter in a
low, hoarse voice; to announce by croaking; to forebode; as, to
<i>croak</i> disaster.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The raven himself is hoarse,<BR>
That <i>croaks</i> the fatal entrance of Duncan.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Two ravens now began to <i>croak</i><BR>
Their nuptial song.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Croak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The coarse, harsh
sound uttered by a frog or a raven, or a like sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croak"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who croaks, murmurs, grumbles, or
complains unreasonably; one who habitually forebodes
evil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A small American fish (<i>Micropogon undulatus</i>), of the
Atlantic coast.</def> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An American fresh-
water fish (<i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i>); -- called also
<i>drum</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The surf fish of
California.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When caught these fishes make a croaking sound; whence
the name, which is often corrupted into <i>crocus</i>.</p>

<p>
<hw>Cro"at</hw> (kr?"?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Cravat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native of Croatia, in
Austria; esp., one of the native Slavic race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An irregular soldier, generally from
Croatia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro*a"tian</hw> (kr?-?"sh<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to Croatia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A Croat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro"ce*in</hw> (kr?"s?-?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Croceous</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A name given to any one of
several yellow or scarlet dyestuffs of artificial production and
complex structure.  In general they are diazo and sulphonic acid
derivatives of benzene and naphthol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro"ceous</hw> (kr?"sh?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>croceus</i>, fr.  <i>crocus</i> saffron.  See <u>Crocus</u>.]
<def>Of, pertaining to, or like, saffron; deep reddish
yellow.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cro"ce*tin</hw> (kr?"s?-t?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A dyestuff, obtained from the Chinese crocin,
which produces a brilliant yellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croche</hw> (kr&omacr;ch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>croche</i>, equiv. to F. <i>crochet</i>, <i>croc</i>, hook.
See <u>Crotchet</u>, <u>Crook</u>.] <def>A little bud or knob at
the top of a deer's antler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro*chet"</hw> (kr?-sh?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>crochet</i> small hook. See <u>Croche</u>.] <def>A kind of
knitting done by means of a hooked needle, with worsted, silk, or
cotton; crochet work. Commonly used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crochet hook</b></col>, <col><b>Crochet
needle</b></col>, <cd>a small hook, or a hooked needle (often of
bone), used in crochet work.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cro*chet"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crocheted</u> (sh&amacr;d"); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crocheting</u> (-sh&amacr;"&ibreve;ng).]
<def>To knit with a crochet needle or hook; as, to <i>crochet</i>
a shawl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro"ci*a*ry</hw> (kr?"sh?-?-r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Crosier</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One who carries the cross
before an archbishop.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cro*cid"o*lite</hw> (kr?-s?d"?-l?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>kroky`s</grk> nap on cloth + <i>-lite</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occuring in silky fibers of a
lavender blue color. It is related to hornblende and is
essentially a silicate of iron and soda; -- called also <i>blue
asbestus</i>. A silicified form, in which the fibers penetrating
quartz are changed to oxide of iron, is the yellow brown
<i>tiger-eye</i> of the jewelers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro"cin</hw> (kr?"s?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; saffron.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The coloring matter of Chinese yellow pods, the fruit of
<i>Gardenia grandiflora</i>.</def> <i>Watts.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A red powder (called also
<i>polychroite</i>), which is made from the saffron (<i>Crocus
sativus</i>). See <u>Polychroite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crock</hw> (kr&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W.
<i>croeg</i> cover, Scot.  <i>crochit</i> covered.] <def>The
loose black particles collected from combustion, as on pots and
kettles, or in a chimney; soot; smut; also, coloring matter which
rubs off from cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crocked</u> (kr&obreve;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Crocking</u>.] <def>To soil by contact, as with
soot, or with the coloring matter of badly dyed cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crock</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give off crock
or smut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low stool.</def>
"I . . . seated her upon a little <i>crock</i>."
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crock</hw> (kr?k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.  <i>croc</i>,
<i>croca</i>, <i>crog</i>, <i>croh</i>; akin to D. <i>kruik</i>,
G. <i>krug</i>, Icel.  <i>krukka</i>, Dan. <i>krukke</i>, Sw.
<i>kruka</i>; but cf. W. <i>crwc</i> bucket, pail, <i>crochan</i>
pot, <i>cregen</i> earthen vessel, jar. Cf. <u>Cruet</u>.]
<def>Any piece of crockery, especially of coarse earthenware; an
earthen pot or pitcher.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like foolish flies about an honey
<i>crock</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lay up in a
crock; as, to <i>crock</i> butter.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crock"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
potter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crock"er*y</hw> ( kr?k"?r-?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Crock</u> an earthen vessel.] <def>Earthenware; vessels formed
of baked clay, especially the coarser kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crock"et</hw> (kr?k"?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>croquet</i>, F.  <i>crochet</i>, dim. of <i>croc</i> hook. See
<u>Crook</u>, and cf. <u>Crotchet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament often resembling curved and bent
foliage, projecting from the sloping edge of a gable, spire,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A croche, or knob, on the top of a
stag's antler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The antlers and the <i>crockets</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Black.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crock"et*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Ornamented with crockets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crock"et*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Ornamentation with crockets.</def>  <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crock"y</hw> (-?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Crock</u>
soot.] <def>Smutty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croc"o*dile</hw> (kr?k"?-d?l; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>crocodilus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;: cf. F.
<i>crocodile</i>. Cf.  <u>Cookatrice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large reptile of the genus
<i>Crocodilus</i>, of several species. They grow to the length of
sixteen or eighteen feet, and inhabit the large rivers of Africa,
Asia, and America. The eggs, laid in the sand, are hatched by the
sun's heat. The best known species is that of the Nile (<i>C.
vulgaris</i>, or <i>C. Niloticus</i>). The Florida crocodile
(<i>C. Americanus</i>) is much less common than the alligator and
has longer jaws. The name is also sometimes applied to the
species of other related genera, as the gavial and the
alligator.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A fallacious dilemma,
mythically supposed to have been first used by a
crocodile.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crocodile bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
African plover (<i>Pluvianus &aelig;gypticus</i>) which alights
upon the crocodile and devours its insect parasites, even
entering its open mouth (according to reliable writers) in
pursuit of files, etc.; -- called also <i>Nile bird</i>. It is
the <i>trochilos</i> of ancient writers.</cd> --
<col><b>Crocodile tears</b></col>, <cd>false or affected tears;
hypocritical sorrow; -- derived from the fiction of old
travelers, that crocodiles shed tears over their prey.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Croc`o*dil"i*a</hw> (-d?l"?-?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. L. <i>crocodilus</i> crocodile.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of reptiles including the crocodiles, gavials,
alligators, and many extinct kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croc`o*dil"i*an</hw> (kr?k`?-d?l"?-a]/>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or pertaining
to, the crocodile; characteristic of the crocodile.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Crocodilia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croc`o*dil"i*ty</hw> (-?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Logic)</i> <def>A caption or sophistical mode of
arguing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cro"cois*ite</hw> (kr?"kois-?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>croco&?;se</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Crocoite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro"co*ite</hw> (kr?"k?-?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; saffron.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Lead chromate occuring
in crystals of a bright hyacinth red color; -- called also <i>red
lead ore</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro"con*ate</hw> (kr?"k?n-?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt formed by the union of croconic acid
with a base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro*con"ic</hw> (kr?-k?n"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; saffron.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or resembling saffron; having the color of saffron; as,
<i>croconic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from,
croconic acid.</def></p>

<p><! p. 347 !></p>

<p><col><b>Croconic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a yellow
crystalline substance,
C<sub>5</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>, obtained from
potassium carboxide, rhodizonic acid, and various phenol and
quinone derivatives of benzene, and forming yellow or orange
colored salts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cro"cose</hw> (kr&omacr;"k&omacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>kro`kos</grk> saffron.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white
crystalline sugar, metameric with glucose, obtained from the
coloring matter of saffron.</def> [Written also
<i>crokose</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cro"cus</hw> (kr&omacr;"k&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L., saffron, fr. Gr. <grk>kro`kos</grk>; cf. Heb.
<i>kark&omacr;m</i>, Ar.  <i>kurkum</i>, Skr.
<i>ku&ndot;kuma</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of iridaceous plants, with pretty blossoms rising
separately from the bulb or corm. <i>C. vernus</i> is one of the
earliest of spring-blooming flowers; <i>C. sativus</i> produces
the saffron, and blossoms in the autumn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A deep yellow powder;
the oxide of some metal calcined to a red or deep yellow color;
esp., the oxide of iron (<i>Crocus of Mars</i> or
<i>colcothar</i>) thus produced from salts of iron, and used as a
polishing powder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crocus of Venus</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>,
<cd>oxide of copper.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cr&oelig;"sus</hw> (kr&emacr;"s&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. G. <grk>Kroi^sos</grk>.] <def>A
king of Lydia who flourished in the 6th century <u>b. c.</u>, and
was renowned for his vast wealth; hence, a common appellation for
a very rich man; as, he is a veritable
<i>Cr&oelig;sus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croft</hw> (kr&obreve;ft; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>croft</i>; akin to D. <i>kroft</i> hillock; cf. Gael.
<i>croit</i> hump, croft.] <def>A small, inclosed field,
adjoining a house; a small farm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A few small <i>crofts</i> of stone-encumbered
ground.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Croft"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rents and tills a small farm or holding; as, the <i>crofters</i>
of Scotland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croft"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Croftland.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Textile Manuf.)</i> <def>Exposing linen
to the sun, on the grass, in the process of bleaching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croft"land</hw> (-l?nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Land of
superior quality, on which successive crops are raised.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crois</hw> (krois).  <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.] <def>See
<u>Cross</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Croi*sade"</hw> (kroi-s?d"), <hw>Croi*sa"do</hw> (-
s?"d?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>criosade</i>. See
<u>Crusade</u>.] <def>A holy war; a crusade.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Croise</hw> (krois), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>crois&eacute;</i> crusader, fr. OF.  <i>crois</i>, F.
<i>croix</i>, cross. See <u>Cross</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
pilgrim bearing or wearing a cross.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A crusader.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The conquests of the <i>croises</i> extending over
Palestine.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Crois`san`t&eacute;"</hw> (krw?`s?n`t?"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.  <i>croissant</i>, adj. &amp; <i>n.</i>,
crescent.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Terminated with crescents; -- said
of a cross the ends of which are so terminated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro"ker</hw> (kr&omacr;"k&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>kro`kos</grk> saffron.] <def>A cultivator of saffron; a
dealer in saffron.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cro"ma</hw> (kr&omacr;"m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A quaver.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Crom"lech</hw> (kr&obreve;m"l&ebreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W.  <i>cromlech</i>; <i>crom</i> bending or
bent, concave + <i>llech</i> a flat stone; akin to Ir.
<i>cromleac</i>.] <i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <def>A monument of
rough stones composed of one or more large ones supported in a
horizontal position upon others. They are found chiefly in
countries inhabited by the ancient Celts, and are of a period
anterior to the introduction of Christianity into these
countries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro*mor"na</hw> (kr?-m?r"n?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cromorne</i> (cf. It. <i>cromorno</i>0, fr. G.
<i>krummhorn</i> crooked horn, cornet, an organ pipe turned like
a trumpet; <i>krumm</i> crooked + <i>horn</i> horn.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A certain reed stop in the organ, of a quality
of tone resembling that of the oboe.</def> [Corruptly written
<i>cromona</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Crone</hw> (kr&omacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OD.
<i>kronie</i>, <i>karonie</i>, an old sheep, OF. <i>carogne</i>,
F.  <i>charogne</i>, carrion (also F.  <i>carogne</i> illnatured
woman.). See <u>Carrion</u>, and <u>Crony</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An old ewe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old woman; -- usually in
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But still the <i>crone</i> was constant to her
note.<BR>
 <i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An old man; especially, a man who
talks and acts like an old woman.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The old <i>crone</i> [a negro man] lived in a
hovel, . . . which his master had given him.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A few old battered <i>crones</i> of office.<BR>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cro"nel</hw> (kr?"n?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Coronel</u> spearhead, <u>Crown</u>.] <def>The iron head of a
tilting spear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro"net</hw> (kr?"n?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Coronet</u>, <u>Crownet</u>.] <def>The coronet of a
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro"ni*an</hw> (kr?"n?-a]/>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; Saturnian, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?; Saturn.] <def>Saturnian;
-- applied to the North Polar Sea.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cron"stedt*ite</hw> (kr?n"st?t-?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral consisting principally of silicate
of iron, and crystallizing in hexagonal prisms with perfect basal
cleavage; -- so named from the Swedish mineralogist
<i>Cronstedt</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro"ny</hw> (kr?"n?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cronies</b></plw> (-n&?;z). [Orig., an old woman. See
<u>Crone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crone.</def> [Obs.]
"Marry not an old <i>crony</i>."  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An intimate companion; a familiar
frend</def>. [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He soon found his former <i>cronies</i>, though
all rather the worse for the wear and tear of time.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Croo"dle</hw> (kr??"d'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Cruddle</u>, <u>Crudle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cower
or cuddle together, as from fear or cold; to lie close and snug
together, as pigs in straw.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.
Forby.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A dove to fly home her nest and <i>croodle</i>
there.<BR>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fawn or coax.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To coo.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Crook</hw> (kr&oocr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>crok</i>; akin to Icel. <i>kr&onac;kr</i> hook, bend, SW.
<i>krok</i>, Dan. <i>krog</i>, OD. <i>krooke</i>; or cf. Gael.
<i>crocan</i> crook, hook, W. <i>crwca</i> crooked. Cf.
<u>Crosier</u>, <u>Crotchet</u>, <u>Crutch</u>, <u>Encroach</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bend, turn, or curve; curvature;
flexure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through lanes, and <i>crooks</i>, and
darkness.<BR>
<i>Phaer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any implement having a bent or crooked
end.</def> Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The staff used by
a shepherd, the hook of which serves to hold a runaway
sheep.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A bishop's staff of office.
Cf. <u>Pastoral staff</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He left his <i>crook</i>, he left <i>his
flocks</i>.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pothook.</def> "As black as the
<i>crook</i>."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An artifice; trick; tricky device;
subterfuge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For all yuor brags, hooks, and <i>crooks</i>.<BR>
<i>Cranmer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small tube, usually
curved, applied to a trumpet, horn, etc., to change its pitch or
key.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A person given to fraudulent
practices; an accomplice of thieves, forgers, etc.</def> [Cant,
U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>By hook or by crook</b></col>, <cd>in some way or
other; by fair means or foul.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crook</hw> (kr??k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crooked</u> (kr??kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Crooking</u>.] [OE. <i>croken</i>; cf. Sw.
<i>kr&?;ka</i>, Dan. <i>kr&?;ge</i>. See Crook,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn from a
straight line; to bend; to curve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Crook</i> the pregnant hinges of the knee.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn from the path of rectitude; to
pervert; to misapply; to twist.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is no one thing that <i>crooks</i> youth
more than such unlawfull games.<BR>
<i>Ascham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>What soever affairs pass such a man's hands, he
<i>crooketh</i> them to his own ends.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crook</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bend; to
curve; to wind; to have a curvature.</def> " The port . . .
<i>crooketh</i> like a bow."  <i>Phaer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their shoes and pattens are snouted, and piked
more than a finger long, <i>crooking</i> upwards.<BR>
<i>Camden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crook"back`</hw> (kr&oocr;k"b&abreve;k`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A crooked back; one who has a crooked
or deformed back; a hunchback.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crook"back`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hunched.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crook"bill`</hw> ( -b?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>A New Zealand plover (<i>Anarhynchus
frontalis</i>), remarkable for having the end of the beak
abruptly bent to the right.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crook"ed</hw> (kr??k"?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by a crook or curve; not
straight; turning; bent; twisted; deformed.</def> "<i>Crooked</i>
paths."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>he is deformed, <i>crooked</i>, old, and sere.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not straightforward; deviating from
rectitude; distorted from the right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are a perverse and <i>crooked</i>
generation.<BR>
<i>Deut. xxxii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>False; dishonest; fraudulent; as,
<i>crooked</i> dealings.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crooked whisky</b></col>, <cd>whisky on which the
payment of duty has been fraudulently evaded.</cd> [Slang, U.S.]
<i>Barlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crook"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a curved
or crooked manner; in a perverse or untoward manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crook"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition or quality of being crooked; hence, deformity of body
or of mind; deviation from moral rectitude;
perverseness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crook"en</hw> (kr??k"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
make crooked.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Crookes" tube`</hw> (kr??ks" t?b`). <i>(Phys.)</i> <def>A
vacuum tube in which the exhaustion is carried to a very high
degree, with the production of a distinct class of effects; -- so
called from W. <i>Crookes</i> who introduced it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croon</hw> (kr&oomac;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>croinen</i>, cf. D.  <i>kreunen</i> to moan. &radic;24.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a continuous hollow moan, as
cattle do when in pain.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hum or sing in a low tone; to
murmur softly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here an old grandmother was <i>crooning</i> over a
sick child, and rocking it to and fro.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Croon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crooned</u> (kr&oomac;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Crooning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sing in
a low tone, as if to one's self; to hum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hearing such stanzas <i>crooned</i> in her
praise.<BR>
<i>C. Bront&eacute;.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To soothe by singing softly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fragment of the childish hymn with which he
sung and <i>crooned</i> himself asleep.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Croon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
low, continued moan; a murmur.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A low singing; a plain, artless
melody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crop</hw> (kr&obreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>crop</i>, <i>croppe</i>, craw, top of a plant, harvest, AS.
<i>crop</i>, <i>cropp</i>, craw, top, bunch, ear of corn; akin to
D. <i>krop</i> craw, G. <i>kropf</i>, Icel. <i>kroppr</i> hump or
bunch on the body, body; but cf. also W. <i>cropa</i>,
<i>croppa</i>, crop or craw of a bird, Ir. &amp; Gael.
<i>sgroban</i>. Cf.  <u>Croup</u>, <u>Crupper</u>, <u>Croup</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The pouchlike enlargement of the gullet
of birds, serving as a receptacle for food; the craw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The top, end, or highest part of
anything, especially of a plant or tree.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Crop</i> and root."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is cropped, cut, or
gathered from a single felld, or of a single kind of grain or
fruit, or in a single season; especially, the product of what is
planted in the earth; fruit; harvest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lab'ring the soil, and reaping plenteous
<i>crop</i>,<BR>
Corn, wine, and oil.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Grain or other product of the field
while standing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Anything cut off or
gathered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Guiltless of steel, and from the razor free,<BR>
It falls a plenteous <i>crop</i> reserved for thee.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Hair cut close or short, or the act or
style of so cutting; as, a convict's <i>crop</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A projecting ornament
in carved stone. Specifically, a finial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Tin ore prepared for smelting.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Outcrop of a vein or seam at the surface.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A riding whip with a loop instead of a
lash.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Neck and crop</b></col>, <cd>altogether; roughly and
at once.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Crop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cropped</u> (kr?pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cropping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut off
the tops or tips of; to bite or pull off; to browse; to pluck; to
mow; to reap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>crop</i> off from the top of his young
twigs a tender one.<BR>
<i>Ezek. xvii. 22.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To cut off, as if in
harvest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death . . . .<i>crops</i> the growing boys.<BR>
 <i>Creech.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to bear a crop; as, to
<i>crop</i> a field.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To yield
harvest.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To crop out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>To appear above the surface, as a seam or
vein, or inclined bed, as of coal.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To come to light; to be manifest; to appear; as, the
peculiarities of an author <i>crop out</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To
crop up</b></col>, <cd>to sprout; to spring up.</cd> "Cares
<i>crop up</i> in villas."  <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crop"-ear`</hw> (kr?p"?r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
person or animal whose ears are cropped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crop"-eared`</hw> (kr?p"?rd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the ears cropped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crop"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
full crop or belly; satiated.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crop"per</hw> (kr&obreve;p"p&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One that
crops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A variety of pigeon with a large crop;
a pouter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A machine for cropping,
as for shearing off bolts or rod iron, or for facing
cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A fall on one's head when riding at
full speed, as in hunting; hence, a sudden failure or
collapse.</def> [Slang.]</p>

<p><hw>Crop"sick`</hw> (kr?"s?k`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sick
from excess in eating or drinking.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Cropsick</i>
drunkards." <i>Tate.</i> -- <wf>Crop"sick`ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crop"-tailed`</hw> (-t?ld`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the tail cropped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro*quet"</hw> (kr?-k?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
French; cf. Walloon <i>croque</i> blow, fillip. F. <i>croquet</i>
a crisp biscuit, <i>croquer</i> to crunch, fr.  <i>croc</i> a
crackling sound, of imitative origin. <i>Croquet</i> then
properly meant a smart tap on the ball.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An open-air game in which two or more
players endeavor to drive wooden balls, by means of mallets,
through a series of hoops or arches set in the ground according
to some pattern.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of croqueting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro*quet"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Croqueted</u> (-k?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Croqueting</u> (-k?"?ng).] <def>In the game of
croquet, to drive away an opponent's ball, after putting one's
own in contact with it, by striking one's own ball with the
mallet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cro*quette"</hw> (kr?-k?t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr.  <i>croquer</i> to crunch.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A ball of
minced meat, fowl, rice, or other ingredients, highly seasoned,
and fried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crore</hw> (kr&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>karo&rsdot;</i>, Skr.  <i>ko&tsdot;i</i>.] <def>Ten millions;
as, a <i>crore</i> of rupees (which is nearly $5,000,000).</def>
[East Indies]  <i>Malcolm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cro"sier</hw> (kr?"zh?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>rocer</i>, <i>croser</i>, <i>croyser</i>, fr.  <i>croce</i>
crosier, OF.  <i>croce</i>, <i>croche</i>, F.  <i>crosse</i>, fr.
LL.  <i>crocea</i>, <i>crocia</i>, from the same German or Celtic
sourse as F. <i>croc</i> hook; akin to E. <i>crook</i>.] <def>The
pastoral staff of a bishop (also of an archbishop, being the
symbol of his office as a shepherd of the flock of God.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The true shape of the <i>crosier</i> was with a hooked
or curved top; the archbishop's staff alone bore a cross instead
of a crook, and was of exceptional, not of regular form.
<i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cro"siered</hw> (-zh?rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Bearing a crosier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cros"let</hw> (kr?s"l?t; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Crosslet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross</hw> (kr&obreve;s; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>crois</i>, <i>croys</i>, <i>cros</i>; the former fr. OF.
<i>crois</i>, <i>croiz</i>, F.  <i>croix</i>, fr. L.
<i>crux</i>; the second is perh. directly fr. Prov.  <i>cros</i>,
<i>crotz</i>. fr. the same L.  <i>crux</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>kross</i>. Cf. <u>Crucial</u>, <u>Crusade</u>, <u>Cruise</u>,
<u>Crux</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gibbet, consisting of two pieces of
timber placed transversely upon one another, in various forms, as
a <universbold>T</universbold>, or +, with the horizontal piece
below the upper end of the upright, or as an
<universbold>X</universbold>. It was anciently used in the
execution of criminals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nailed to the <i>cross</i><BR>
By his own nation.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sign or mark of the cross, made
with the finger, or in ink, etc., or actually represented in some
material; the symbol of Christ's death; the ensign and chosen
symbol of Christianity, of a Christian people, and of
Christendom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The custom of making the sign of the <i>cross</i>
with the hand or finger, as a means of conferring blessing or
preserving from evil, is very old.<BR>
<i>Schaff-Herzog Encyc.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Before the <i>cross</i> has waned the crescent's
ray.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Tis where the <i>cross</i> is preached.<BR>
<i>Cowper.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Affiction regarded as a test of
patience or virtue; trial; disappointment; opposition;
misfortune.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven prepares a good man with
<i>crosses</i>.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece of money stamped with the
figure of a cross, also, that side of such a piece on which the
cross is stamped; hence, money in general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I should bear no <i>cross</i> if I did bear you;
for I think you have no money in your purse.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An appendage or ornament or anything
in the form of a cross; a badge or ornamental device of the
general shape of a cross; hence, such an ornament, even when
varying considerably from that form; thus, the Cross of the
British Order of St. George and St. Michael consists of a central
medallion with seven arms radiating from it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A monument in the form
of a cross, or surmounted by a cross, set up in a public place;
as, a market <i>cross</i>; a boundary <i>cross</i>; Charing
<i>Cross</i> in London.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dun-Edin's <i>Cross</i>, a pillared stone,<BR>
Rose on a turret octagon.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A common heraldic
bearing, of which there are many varieties. See the Illustration,
above.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The crosslike mark or symbol used
instead of a signature by those unable to write.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Five Kentish abbesses . . . .subscribed their
names and <i>crosses</i>.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Church lands.</def> [Ireland] [Obs.]
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A line drawn across or through
another line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> Hence: <def>A mixing of breeds or stock,
especially in cattle breeding; or the product of such
intermixture; a hybrid of any kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Toning down the ancient Viking into a sort of a
<i>cross</i> between Paul Jones and Jeremy Diddler.<BR>
<i>Lord Dufferin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 348 !></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Surveying)</i> <def>An instrument for
laying of offsets perpendicular to the main course.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A pipe-fitting with
four branches the axes of which usually form's right
angle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cross and pile</b></col>, <cd>a game with money, at
which it is put to chance whether a coin shall fall with that
side up which bears the cross, or the other, which is called
<i>pile</i>, or <i>reverse</i>; the game called <i>heads or
tails</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross</b></col> <col><b>bottony or
botton&eacute;</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bottony</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cross estoil&eacute;</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>. <cd>a
cross, each of whose arms is pointed like the ray of a star; that
is, a star having four long points only.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross of
Calvary</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Calvary</u>, 3.</cd> --
<col><b>Southern cross</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Southern</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To do a thing on the
cross</b></col>, <cd>to act dishonestly; -- opposed to acting
<i>on the square</i>.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>To take up the
cross</b></col>, <cd>to bear troubles and afflictions with
patience from love to Christ.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cross</hw> (kr&obreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not parallel; lying or falling athwart;
transverse; oblique; intersecting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cross</i> refraction of the second
prism.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not accordant with what is wished or
expected; interrupting; adverse; contrary; thwarting;
perverse.</def> "A <i>cross</i> fortune."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cross</i> and unlucky issue of my
design.<BR>
<i>Glanvill.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The article of the resurrection seems to lie
marvelously <i>cross</i> to the common experience of mankind.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We are both love's captives, but with fates so
<i>cross</i>,<BR>
One must be happy by the other's loss.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by, or in a state of,
peevishness, fretfulness, or ill humor; as, a <i>cross</i> man or
woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had received a <i>cross</i> answer from his
mistress.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Made in an opposite direction, or an
inverse relation; mutually inverse; interchanged; as,
<i>cross</i> interrogatories; <i>cross</i> marriages, as when a
brother and sister marry persons standing in the same relation to
each other.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cross action</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an action
brought by a party who is sued against the person who has sued
him, upon the same subject matter, as upon the same
contract.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Cross aisle</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a transept; the lateral divisions of a
cruciform church.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross axle</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>A shaft, windlass, or
roller, worked by levers at opposite ends, as in the copperplate
printing press.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A driving axle, with
cranks set at an angle of 90&deg; with each other.</cd> --
<col><b>Cross bedding</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>oblique
lamination of horizontal beds.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross
bill</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross
bitt</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Crosspiece</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cross bond</b></col>, <cd>a form of bricklaying, in which
the joints of one stretcher course come midway between those of
the stretcher courses above and below, a course of headers and
stretchers intervening. See <u>Bond</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
8.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross breed</b></col>. <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross breeding</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Breeding</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross buttock</b></col>,
<cd>a particular throw in wrestling; hence, an unexpected defeat
or repulse.</cd> <i>Smollet.</i> -- <col><b>Cross
country</b></col>, <cd>across the country; not by the road.</cd>
"The <i>cross-country</i> ride." <i>Cowper.</i> -- <col><b>Cross
fertilization</b></col>, <cd>the fertilization of the female
products of one physiological individual by the male products of
another, -- as the fertilization of the ovules of one plant by
pollen from another. See <u>Fertilization</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cross file</b></col>, <cd>a double convex file, used in
dressing out the arms or crosses of fine wheels.</cd> --
<col><b>Cross fire</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>lines of fire,
from two or more points or places, crossing each other.</cd> --
<col><b>Cross forked</b></col>. <i>(Her.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Forked</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross frog</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Frog</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross furrow</b></col>, <cd>a
furrow or trench cut across other furrows to receive the water
running in them and conduct it to the side of the field.</cd> --
<col><b>Cross handle</b></col>, <cd>a handle attached
transversely to the axis of a tool, as in the augur.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Cross lode</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>,
<cd>a vein intersecting the true or principal lode.</cd> --
<col><b>Cross purpose</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Cross-purpose</u>, in
the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross reference</b></col>, <cd>a
reference made from one part of a book or register to another
part, where the same or an allied subject is treated of.</cd> --
<col><b>Cross sea</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a chopping sea,
in which the waves run in contrary directions.</cd> --
<col><b>Cross stroke</b></col>, <cd>a line or stroke across
something, as across the letter <i>t</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross
wind</b></col>, <cd>a side wind; an unfavorable wind.</cd> --
<col><b>Cross wires</b></col>, <cd>fine wires made to traverse
the field of view in a telescope, and moved by a screw with a
graduated head, used for delicate astronomical observations;
spider lines. Fixed <i>cross wires</i> are also used in
microscopes, etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fretful; peevish. See <u>Fretful</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cross</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Athwart;
across.</def> [Archaic or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A fox was taking a walk one night <i>cross</i> a
village.<BR>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To go cross lots</b></col>, <cd>to go across the
fields; to take a short cut.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Cross</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crossed</u> (kr?st; 115); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Crossing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put
across or athwart; to cause to intersect; as, to <i>cross</i> the
arms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay or draw something, as a line,
across; as, to <i>cross</i> the letter <i>t</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass from one side to the other of;
to pass or move over; to traverse; as, to <i>cross</i> a
stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A hunted hare . . . <i>crosses</i> and confounds
her former track.<BR>
<i> I. Watts.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass, as objects going in an
opposite direction at the same time.</def> "Your kind letter
<i>crossed</i> mine."  <i>J. D. Forbes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To run counter to; to thwart; to
obstruct; to hinder; to clash or interfere with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In each thing give him way; <i>cross</i> him in
nothing.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An oyster may be <i>crossed</i> in love.<BR>
<i> Sheridan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To interfere and cut off; to
debar.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>cross</i> me from the golden time I look
for.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To make the sign of the cross upon; --
followed by the reflexive pronoun; as, he <i>crossed</i>
himself.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To cancel by marking crosses on or
over, or drawing a line across; to erase; -- usually with
<i>out</i>, <i>off</i>, or <i>over</i>; as, to <i>cross</i> out a
name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To cause to interbreed; -- said of
different stocks or races; to mix the breed of.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To cross one's path</b></col>, <cd>to oppose one's
plans.</cd>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cross</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To lie or be athwart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move or pass from one side to the
other, or from place to place; to make a transit; as, to
<i>cross</i> from New York to Liverpool.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be inconsistent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Men's actions do not always <i>cross</i> with
reason.<BR>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To interbreed, as races; to mix
distinct breeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If two individuals of distinct races <i>cross</i>,
a third is invariably produced different from either.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-armed`</hw> (kr?s"?rmd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>With arms crossed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-band`ed</hw> (-b?nd`?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>A term used when a narrow ribbon of veneer is inserted into
the surface of any piece of furniture, wainscoting, etc., so that
the grain of it is contrary to the general surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"bar`</hw> (-b&auml;r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
transverse bar or piece, as a bar across a door, or as the iron
bar or stock which passes through the shank of an anchor to
insure its turning fluke down.</def>  <i>Russell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Crossbar shot</b></col>, <cd>a projectile which folds
into a sphere for loading, but on leaving the gun expands to a
cross with a quarter ball at the end of each arm; -- used in
naval actions for cutting the enemy's rigging.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cross"barred`</hw> (-b&auml;rd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Secured by, or furnished with,
crossbars.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made or patterned in lines crossing
each other; as, <i>crossbarred</i> muslin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"beak`</hw> (-b&emacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Crossbill</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"beam`</hw> (-b&emacr;m`).  <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A girder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A beam laid across the
bitts, to which the cable is fastened when riding at
anchor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-bear`er</hw> (-b?r`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R.
C. Ch.)</i> <def>A subdeacon who bears a cross before an
archbishop or primate on solemn occasions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"bill`</hw> (-b&ibreve;l`). <i>(Law)</i> <def>A bill
brought by a defendant, in an equity or chancery suit, against
the plaintiff, respecting the matter in question in that
suit.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In criminal practice, <i>cross bills</i> of indictment
for assault, in which the prosecutor in once case is the
defendant in another, may be tried together.</p>

<p><hw>Cross"bill`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bird of the genus <i>Loxia</i>, allied to the finches.
Their mandibles are strongly curved and cross each other; the
crossbeak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-birth`</hw> (-b&etilde;rth`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any preternatural labor, in which the body of
the child lies across the pelvis of the mother, so that the
shoulder, arm, or trunk is the part first presented at the mouth
of the uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"bite`</hw> (-b&imacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A deception; a cheat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cross"bite"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deceive;
to trick; to gull.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cross"bones`</hw> (-b&omacr;nz`), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>A representation of two of the leg bones or arm bones of a
skeleton, laid crosswise, often surmounted with a skull, and
serving as a symbol of death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Crossbones</i>, scythes, hourglasses, and other
lugubrious emblems of mortality.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cross"bow`</hw> (-b&omacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Archery)</i> <def>A weapon, used in discharging arrows,
formed by placing a bow crosswise on a stock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"bow`er</hw> (-b?`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
crossbowman.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cross"bow`man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who shoots with a crossbow. See
<u>Arbalest</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"bred`</hw> (-br?d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Stock
Breeding)</i> <def>Produced by mixing distinct breeds;
mongrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"breed`</hw> (-br&emacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A breed or an animal produced from
parents of different breeds; a new variety, as of plants,
combining the qualities of two parent varieties or
stocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything partaking of the natures of
two different things; a hybrid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-bun`</hw> (-b&ubreve;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A bun or cake marked with a cross, and intended to be eaten
on Good Friday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross`-cross"let</hw> (-kr?s"l?t; 115),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A cross having the three
upper ends crossed, so as to from three small crosses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"cut`</hw> (-k&ubreve;t`), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To cut across or through; to intersect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"cut`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A short cut across; a path shorter than by the high
road.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A level driven across
the course of a vein, or across the main workings, as from one
gangway to another.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crosscut saw</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A saw,
the teeth of which are so set as to adapt it for sawing wood
crosswise of the grain rather than lengthwise.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A saw managed by two men, one at each
end, for cutting large logs crosswise.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-days`</hw> (-d?z`), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The three days preceding the Feast of the
Ascension.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cros*sette"</hw> (kr?s-s?t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
dim. of <i>crosse</i>. See <u>Crosier</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A return in one of the corners of the
architrave of a door or window; -- called also <i>ancon</i>,
<i>ear</i>, <i>elbow</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
shoulder of a joggled keystone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-ex*am`i*na"tion</hw> (kr?s"?gz-?m`?-n?"sh?n; 115),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The interrogating or
questioning of a witness by the party against whom he has been
called and examined. See <u>Examination</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-ex*am"ine</hw> (-?m"?n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cross-examined</u> (-?nd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cross-examining</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>To examine or question, as a witness who has
been called and examined by the opposite party.</def> "The
opportunity to <i>cross-examine</i> the witnesses."
<i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-ex*am"in*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who cross-examines or conducts a crosse-
examination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-eye`</hw> (-?`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Strabismus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-eyed`</hw> (-?d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Affected with strabismus; squint-eyed; squinting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"fish`</hw> (-f?sh`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A starfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"flow`</hw> (-fl?`), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
flow across, or in a contrary direction.</def> "His
<i>crossflowing</i> course."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-gar`net</hw> (kr?s"g?r`n?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A hinge having one strap perpendicular and the other strap
horizontal giving it the form of an Egyptian or T
cross.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"grained</hw> (-gr?nd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the grain or fibers run
diagonally, or more or less transversely and irregularly, so as
to interfere with splitting or planing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the stuff proves <i>crossgrained</i>, . . .
then you must turn your stuff to plane it the contrary way.<BR>
<i>Moxon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Perverse; untractable;
contrary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She was none of your <i>crossgrained</i>,
termagant, scolding jades.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cross"hatch`</hw> (-h?ch`; 224), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To shade by means of crosshatching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"hatch`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In drawing
and line engraving, shading with lines that cross one another at
an angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"head`</hw> (-h?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A beam or bar across the head or end of a
rod, etc., or a block attached to it and carrying a knuckle pin;
as the solid crosspiece running between parallel slides, which
receives motion from the piston of a steam engine and imparts it
to the connecting rod, which is hinged to the
crosshead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cross</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act by
which anything is crossed; as, the <i>crossing</i> of the
ocean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of making the sign of the
cross.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of interbreeding; a mixing of
breeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Intersection, as of two paths or
roads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A place where anything (as a stream)
is crossed; a paved walk across a street.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Contradiction; thwarting;
obstruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not bear these <i>crossings</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cross"jack`</hw> (kr?s"j?k` or kr?"j?k`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The lowest square sail,
or the lower yard of the mizzenmast.</def></p>

<p><hw>CRoss"legged`</hw> (-l?gd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the legs crossed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"let</hw> (-lEt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>cross</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small cross.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. OF.  <i>croisel</i> crucible, and
<u>E</u>. <u>Cresset</u>.] <def>A crucible.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cross"let</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Crossed again; -- said of a cross the arms of which are
crossed. See<u>Cross-crosslet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Athwart;
adversely; unfortunately; peevishly; fretfully; with ill
humor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being cross; peevishness; fretfulness; ill
humor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cros*sop`ter*yg"i*an</hw> (kr?s-s?p`t?r-?j?-a]/>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Crossopterygii.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Crossopterygii.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cros*sop`te*ryg"i*i</hw> (kr?s-s?p`t?-r?j?-?),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?; tassels, a
fringe + &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;, dim. of &?;&?;&?;&?; wing, fin.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of ganoid fishes including
among living species the bichir (<i>Polypterus</i>). See
<u>Brachioganoidei</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"patch`</hw> (-p?ch`; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An ill-natured person.</def> [Colloq.] "<i>Crosspatch</i>,
draw the latch."  <i>Mother Goose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-pawl`</hw> (-p?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>Same as <u>Cross-spale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"piece`</hw> (kr?s"p?s`; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of any structure which is fitted
or framed crosswise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A bar or timber
connecting two knightheads or two bitts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-pur`pose</hw> (-p?r`p?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A counter or opposing purpose; hence,
that which is inconsistent or contradictory.</def>
<i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A conversational game, in
which questions and answers are made so as to involve ludicrous
combinations of ideas.</def>  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be at cross-purposes</b></col>, <cd>to
misunderstand or to act counter to one another without intending
it; -- said of persons.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-ques`tion</hw> (-kw?s`ch?n), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cross-
questioned</u> (-ch?nd), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cross-questioning</u>.] <def>To cross-examine; to subject to
close questioning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-read`ing</hw> (r?d`?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The reading of the lines of a newspaper directly across the
page, instead of down the columns, thus producing a ludicrous
combination of ideas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"road`</hw> (-r?d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A road
that crosses another; an obscure road intersecting or avoiding
the main road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"row`</hw> (-r?`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The alphabet; -- called also
<i>Christcross-row</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And from the <i>crossrow</i> plucks the letter
G.<BR>
<i> Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A row that crosses others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"ruff`</hw> (-r?f`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Whist)</i> <def>The play in whist where partners trump each a
different suit, and lead to each other for that purpose; --
called also <i>seesaw</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cross"-spale`</hw> (-sp?l`), <hw>Cross"-spall`</hw> (-
sp?l`), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Spale</u> &amp; <u>Spall</u>.]
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>One of the temporary wooden braces,
placed horizontally across a frame to hold it in position until
the deck beams are in; a cross-pawl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-spring`er</hw> (-spr?ng`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the ribs in a groined arch, springing
from the corners in a diagonal direction. [See <i>Illustr</i>. of
<u>Groined vault</u>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-staff`</hw> (-st?f`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument formerly used at sea for
taking the altitudes of celestial bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A surveyor's instrument for measuring
offsets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-stitch`</hw> (-st?ch`; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A form of stitch, where the stitches are diagonal and in
pairs, the thread of one stitch crossing that of the other.</def>
"Tent and <i>cross-stitch</i>." <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> --
<wf>Cross"-stitch`</wf>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-stone`</hw> (-st?n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>See <u>Harmotome</u>, and
<u>Staurotide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-tail`</hw> (-t?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Steam
Engine)</i> <def>A bar connecting the ends of the side rods or
levers of a backaction or side-lever engine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-tie`</hw> (-t?`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A sleeper supporting and connecting the
rails, and holding them in place.</def></p>

<p><! p. 349 !></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-tin`ing</hw> (kr?s"t?n`?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A mode of harrowing crosswise, or
transversely to the ridges.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cross"trees`</hw> (-tr?z`), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Pieces of timber at a masthead, to which are
attached the upper shrouds.  At the head of lower masts in large
vessels, they support a semicircular platform called the
"top."</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-vault`ing</hw> (-v?lt`?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Vaulting formed by the intersection of two or
more simple vaults.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"way`</hw> (-w?`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Crossroad</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-week`</hw> (-w?k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Rogation week, when the cross was borne in
processions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"wise`</hw> (-w?z`), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
the form of a cross; across; transversely.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cross"wort`</hw> (-w?rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several inconspicuous plants
having leaves in whorls of four, as species of
<i>Crucianella</i>, <i>Valantia</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Crot`a*la"ri*a</hw> (kr?t`?-l?"r?-?  or kr?`t?-l?"r?-A),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Crotalum</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of leguminous plants; rattlebox.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Crotalaria juncea</i> furnishes the fiber called
<i>sunn</i> or <i>Bombay hemp</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Crot"a*line</hw> (kr?t"?-l?n or kr?`t?-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Crotalus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Resembling, or pertaining to, the <i>Crotalidae</i>, or
Rattlesnake family.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Crot"a*lo</hw> (-l?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Turkish musical instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Crot"a*lum</hw> (-l?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; rattle.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kind of castanet
used by the Corybantes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Crot"a*lus</hw> (-l?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; rattle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
poisonous serpents, including the rattlesnakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crot"a*phite</hw> (kr?t"?-f?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; the side of the forehead.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
temple or temporal fossa. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crot`a*phit"ic</hw> (kr?t`?-f?t"?k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the temple; temporal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crotch</hw> (kr?ch; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Crotches</b></plw> (-&?;z). [Cf. <u>Crotchet</u>,
<u>Crutch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The angle formed by the
parting of two legs or branches; a fork; the point where a trunk
divides; as, the <i>crotch</i> of a tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A stanchion or post of
wood or iron, with two arms for supporting a boom, spare yards,
etc.; -- called also <i>crane</i> and <i>crutch</i>.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crotched</hw> (kr?cht), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a crotch; forked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cross; peevish.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crotch"et</hw> (kr?ch"?t; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>crochet</i>, prop., a little hook, a dim. from the same source
as <i>croc</i> hook. See <u>Crook</u>, and cf. <u>Crochet</u>,
<u>Crocket</u>, <u>Crosier</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A forked
support; a crotch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>crotchets</i> of their cot in columns
rise.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A time note, with a
stem, having one fourth the value of a semibreve, one half that
of a minim, and twice that of a quaver; a quarter note.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>An indentation in the
glacis of the covered way, at a point where a traverse is
placed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The arrangement of a
body of troops, either forward or rearward, so as to form a line
nearly perpendicular to the general line of battle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A bracket. See
<u>Bracket</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument of a
hooked form, used in certain cases in the extraction of a
fetus.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A perverse fancy; a whim which takes
possession of the mind; a conceit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He ruined himself and all that trusted in him by
<i>crotchets</i> that he could never explain to any rational
man.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crotch"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play music
in measured time.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crotch"et*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked or
measured by crotchets; having musical notation.</def>  <i>Harmar
(1587).</i></p>

<p><hw>Crotch"et*i*ness</hw> (kr?ch"?t-?-n?s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or character of being
crotchety, or whimsical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This belief in rightness is a kind of
conscientiousness, and when it degenerates it becomes
<i>crotchetiness</i>.<BR>
<i>J. Grote.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crotch"et*y</hw> (kr?ch"?t-?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Given to crotchets; subject to whims; as, a <i>crotchety</i>
man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro"ton</hw> (kr?"t?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;, prop., a tick, which the seed of the croton
resembles.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of euphorbiaceous plants
belonging to tropical countries.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Croton oil</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a viscid,
acrid, brownish yellow oil obtained from the seeds of <i>Croton
Tiglium</i>, a small tree of the East Indies. It is a most
powerful drastic cathartic, and is used externally as a
pustulant.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cro"ton bug`</hw> (b?g`). [From the <i>Croton</i> water of
New York.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, active, winged
species of cockroach (<i>Ectobia Germanica</i>), the water bug.
It is common aboard ships, and in houses in cities, esp. in those
with hot-water pipes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro*ton"ic</hw> (kr?-t?n"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to, or derived from, a plant of the genus
<i>Croton</i>, or from croton oil.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crotonic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white
crystalline organic acid,
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.CO<sub>2</sub>H, of the ethylene, or
acrylic acid series. It was so named because formerly supposed to
exist in croton oil. Also, any acid metameric with crotonic acid
proper.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; The acid characteristic of croton oil is <i>tiglic</i>
or <i>tiglinic acid</i>, a derivative of <i>crotonic
acid</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Cro"ton*ine</hw> (kr?"t?n-?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A supposed alkaloid obtained from croton oil
by boiling it with water and magnesia, since found to be merely a
magnesia soap of the oil.</def>  <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cro*ton"y*lene</hw> (kr?-t?n"?-l?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Crotonic</i>  + acet-<i>ylene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
colorless, volatile, pungent liquid, C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>6</sub>,
produced artificially, and regarded as an unsaturated hydrocarbon
of the acetylene series, and analogous to crotonic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crot"tles</hw> (kr?t"t'lz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[Gael.  <i>crotal</i>.] <def>A name given to various lichens
gathered for dyeing.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Crouch</hw> (krouch; 129), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crouched</u> (kroucht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crouching</u>.] [OE.
<i>cruchen</i>, <i>crouchen</i>, <i>crouken</i>; cf. E.
<i>creep</i>, G.  <i>krauchen</i>, <i>kriechen</i>, or E.
<i>crook</i> to bend, also <i>crouch</i> to cross.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bend down; to stoop low; to lie close
to the ground with the logs bent, as an animal when waiting for
prey, or in fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>crouch</i> like a cur.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bend servilely; to stoop meanly; to
fawn; to cringe.</def> "A <i>crouching</i> purpose."
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Must I stand and <i>crouch</i><BR>
Under your testy humor?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crouch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.  <i>cruchen</i>,
<i>crouchen</i>, from <i>cruche</i>, <i>crouche</i>, cross. Cf.
<u>Crosier</u>, <u>Crook</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sign
with the cross; to bless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bend, or cause to bend, as in
humility or fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She folded her arms across her chest,<BR>
And <i>crouched</i> her head upon her breast.<BR>
<i>Colerige.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crouched</hw> (kroucht), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked
with the sign of the cross.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Crouched friar</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Crutched
friar</i>, under <u>Crutched</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Croud</hw> (kroud), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>See <u>Crowd</u>, a violin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crouke</hw> (krouk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A crock; a
jar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chauser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Croup</hw> (kr??p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>croupe</i> hind quarters, croup, rump, of German or Icel.
origin; cf. Icel.  <i>kryppa</i> hump; akin to Icel.
<i>kroppr</i>.  Cf. <u>Crop</u>.] <def>The hinder part or
buttocks of certain quadrupeds, especially of a horse; hence, the
place behind the saddle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So light to the <i>croup</i> the fair lady he
swung,<BR>
So light to the saddle before her he sprung.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Croup</hw> (kr??p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.
<i>croup</i>, cf.  <i>croup</i>, <i>crowp</i>, to croak, to cry
or speak with a hoarse voice; cf. also LG. <i>kropp</i>, G.
<i>kropf</i>, the crop or craw of a bird, and tumor on the
anterior part of the neck, a wen, etc. Cf. <u>Crop</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inflammatory affection of the larynx or
trachea, accompanied by a hoarse, ringing cough and stridulous,
difficult breathing; esp., such an affection when associated with
the development of a false membrane in the air passages (also
called <i>membranous croup</i>). See <i>False croup</i>, under
<u>False</u>, and <u>Diphtheria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crou*pade"</hw> (kr??-p?d"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>croupe</i> hind quarters.] <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A leap in which
the horse pulls up his hind legs toward his belly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croup"al</hw> (kr??p"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Croupy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croup"er</hw> (kr??p"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Crupper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crou"pi*er</hw> (kr&?;&?;"p&?;-&?;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.; prop., one who sits on the croup, and hence, in the second
place; an assistant. See 1st <u>Croup</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who presides at a gaming table and collects the
stakes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, at a public dinner party,
sits at the lower end of the table as assistant
chairman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croup"ous</hw> (kr??p"?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Relating to or resembling croup; especially,
attended with the formation of a deposit or membrane like that
found in membranous croup; as, <i>croupous</i>
laryngitis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Croupous pneumonia</b></col>, <cd>pneumonia attended
with deposition of fibrinous matter in the air vesicles of the
lungs; ordinary acute pneumonia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Croup"y</hw> (kr??p"?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to croup; resembling or indicating croup; as, a
<i>croupy</i> cough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crouse</hw> (kr??s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <def>Brisk; lively; bold; self-complacent.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Crou`stade"</hw> (kr??`st?d"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. <i>cro&?;te</i> a crust, OF.  <i>crouste</i>.]
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Bread baked in a mold, and scooped out, to
serve minces upon.</def>  <i>Bishop.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crout</hw> (krout), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>kraut</i>.] <def>See <u>Sourkrout</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Crou`ton"</hw> (kr??`t?n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cro&?;ton</i>, fr.  <i>cro&?;te</i> a crust.] <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>Bread cut in various forms, and fried lightly in butter or
oil, to garnish hashes, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crow</hw> (kr&omacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Crew</u> (kr&udd;) or <u>Crowed</u>
(kr&omacr;d); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crowed</u> (<u>Crown</u>
(kr&omacr;n), Obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Crowing</u>.] [AS. <i>cr&amacr;wan</i>; akin to D.
<i>kraijen</i>, G.  <i>kr&auml;hen</i>, cf. Lith.  <i>groti</i>
to croak. &radic;24. Cf.  <u>Crake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make the shrill sound characteristic of a cock, either in
joy, gayety, or defiance.</def> "The cock had <i>crown</i>."
<i>Bayron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The morning cock <i>crew</i> loud.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shout in exultation or defiance; to
brag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter a sound expressive of joy or
pleasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sweetest little maid,<BR>
That ever <i>crowed</i> for kisses.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To crow over</b></col>, <cd>to exult over a vanquished
antagonist.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Sennacherib <i>crowing over</i> poor
Jerusalem.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crow</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cr&amacr;we</i> a
crow (in sense 1); akin to D.  <i>kraai</i>, G.
<i>kr&auml;he</i>; cf. Icel.  <i>kr&amacr;ka</i> crow. So named
from its cry, from AS.  <i>cr&amacr;wan</i> to crow. See
<u>Crow</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird, usually
black, of the genus <i>Corvus</i>, having a strong conical beak,
with projecting bristles. It has a harsh, croaking note. See
<u>Caw</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common crow of Europe, or carrion crow, is <i>C.
corone</i>. The common American crow is <i>C. Americanus</i>. See
<i>Carrion crow</i>, and <i>Illustr.</i>, under
<u>Carrion</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bar of iron with a beak, crook, or
claw; a bar of iron used as a lever; a crowbar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Get me an iron <i>crow</i>, and bring it
straight<BR>
Unto my cell.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The cry of the cock. See <u>Crow</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The mesentery of a beast; -- so called
by butchers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carrion crow</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Carrion</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Crow blackbird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American bird (<i>Quiscalus
quiscula</i>); -- called also <i>purple grackle</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Crow pheasant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
Indian cuckoo; the common coucal. It is believed by the natives
to give omens. See <u>Coucal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Crow
shrike</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any bird of the genera
<i>Gymnorhina</i>, <i>Craticus</i>, or <i>Strepera</i>, mostly
from Australia.</cd> -- <col><b>Red-legged crow</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Crough</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>As the crow
flies</b></col>, <cd>in a direct line.</cd> -- <col><b>To pick a
crow</b></col>, <col><b>To pluck a crow</b></col>, <cd>to state
and adjust a difference or grievance (with any one).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crow"bar`</hw> (kr?"b?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bar
of iron sharpened at one end, and used as a lever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crow`ber`ry</hw> (kr?"b?r`r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A heathlike plant of the genus
<i>Empetrum</i>, and its fruit, a black, scarcely edible berry; -
- also called <i>crakeberry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crowd</hw> (kroud), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crowded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Crowding</u>.] [OE.  <i>crouden</i>,
<i>cruden</i>, AS. <i>cr&?;dan</i>; cf. D.  <i>kruijen</i> to
push in a wheelbarrow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To push, to
press, to shove.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To press or drive together; to mass
together.</def> "<i>Crowd</i> us and crush us."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fill by pressing or thronging
together; hence, to encumber by excess of numbers or
quantity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The balconies and verandas were <i>crowded</i>
with spectators, anxious to behold their future sovereign.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To press by solicitation; to urge; to
dun; hence, to treat discourteously or unreasonably.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To crowd out</b></col>, <cd>to press out;
specifically, to prevent the publication of; as, the press of
other matter <i>crowded out</i> the article.</cd> -- <col><b>To
crowd sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to carry an
extraordinary amount of sail, with a view to accelerate the speed
of a vessel; to carry a press of sail.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crowd</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To press together or collect in numbers; to swarm; to
throng.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole company <i>crowded</i> about the
fire.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Images came <i>crowding</i> on his mind faster
than he could put them into words.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To urge or press forward; to force
one's self; as, a man <i>crowds</i> into a room.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crowd</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.  <i>croda</i>. See
<u>Crowd</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
number of things collected or closely pressed together; also, a
number of things adjacent to each other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>crowd</i> of islands.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A number of persons congregated or
collected into a close body without order; a throng.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>crowd</i> of Vanity Fair.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Crowds</i> that stream from yawning doors.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The lower orders of people; the
populace; the vulgar; the rabble; the mob.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To fool the <i>crowd</i> with glorious lies.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He went not with the <i>crowd</i> to see a
shrine.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Throng; multitude. See <u>Throng</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Crowd</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>crwth</i>; akin to
Gael. <i>cruit</i>. Perh. named from its shape, and akin to Gr.
<grk>kyrto`s</grk> curved, and E.  <i>curve</i>. Cf.
<u>Rote</u>.] <def>An ancient instrument of music with six
strings; a kind of violin, being the oldest known stringed
instrument played with a bow.</def> [Written also <i>croud</i>,
<i>crowth</i>, <i>cruth</i>, and <i>crwth</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A lackey that . . . can warble upon a <i>crowd</i>
a little.<BR>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crowd</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To play on a
crowd; to fiddle.</def> [Obs.] "Fiddlers, <i>crowd</i> on."
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crowd"er</hw> (kroud"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who plays on a crowd; a fiddler.</def> [Obs.] "Some blind
<i>crowder</i>."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crowd"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who crowds or
pushes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crow"dy</hw> (krou"d?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thick
gruel of oatmeal and milk or water; food of the porridge
kind.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Crow"flow`er</hw> (kr?"flou`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of campion; according to Gerarde, the
<i>Lychnis Flos-cuculi</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crow"foot`</hw> (kr?"f??t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The genus
<i>Ranunculus</i>, of many species; some are common weeds, others
are flowering plants of considerable beauty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A number of small cords
rove through a long block, or euphroe, to suspend an awning
by.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A caltrop.</def>
[Written also <i>crow's-foot</i>.] </p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Well Boring)</i> <def>A tool with a
side claw for recovering broken rods, etc.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crow"keep`er</hw> (-k?p`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
person employed to scare off crows; hence, a scarecrow.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Scaring the ladies like a <i>crowkeeper</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crown</hw> (kr?n), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Crow</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Crown</hw> (kroun), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>corone</i>, <i>coroun</i>, <i>crune</i>, <i>croun</i>, OF.
<i>corone</i>, <i>corune</i>, F.  <i>couronne</i>, fr. L.
<i>corona</i> crown, wreath; akin to Gr. <grk>korw`nh</grk>
anything curved, crown; cf. also L.  <i>curvus</i> curved, E.
<i>curve</i>, <i>curb</i>, Gael.  <i>cruinn</i> round, W.
<i>crwn</i>. Cf. <u>Cornice</u>, <u>Corona</u>, <u>Coroner</u>,
<u>Coronet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wreath or garland, or
any ornamental fillet encircling the head, especially as a reward
of victory or mark of honorable distinction; hence, anything
given on account of, or obtained by, faithful or successful
effort; a reward.</def> "An olive branch and laurel
<i>crown</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They do it to obtain a corruptible <i>crown</i>;
but we an incorruptible.<BR>
<i>1 Cor. ix. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Be thou faithful unto death, and I will give thee
a <i>crown</i> of life.<BR>
<i>Rev. ii. 10.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A royal headdress or cap of
sovereignty, worn by emperors, kings, princes, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Nobles wear <i>coronets</i>; the triple <i>crown</i> of
the pope is usually called a <i>tiara</i>. The <i>crown</i> of
England is a circle of gold with crosses, fleurs-de-lis, and
imperial arches, inclosing a crimson velvet cap, and ornamented
with thousands of diamonds and precious stones.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The person entitled to wear a regal or
imperial crown; the sovereign; -- with the definite
article.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Parliament may be dissolved by the demise of the
<i>crown</i>.<BR>
<i>Blackstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Large arrears of pay were due to the civil and
military servants of the <i>crown</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Imperial or regal power or dominion;
sovereignty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a power behind the <i>crown</i> greater
than the <i>crown</i> itself.<BR>
<i>Junius.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Anything which imparts beauty,
splendor, honor, dignity, or finish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hoary head is a <i>crown</i> of glory, if it
be found in the way of righteousness.<BR>
<i>Prov. xvi. 31.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A virtuous woman is a <i>crown</i> to her
husband.<BR>
<i>Prov. xvi. 4.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 350 !></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Highest state; acme; consummation;
perfection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mutual love, the <i>crown</i> of all our
bliss.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The topmost part of anything; the
summit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The steepy <i>crown</i> of the bare mountains.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The topmost part of the head (see
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bird</u>.); that part of the head from which
the hair descends toward the sides and back; also, the head or
brain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From toe to <i>crown</i> he'll fill our skin with
pinches.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Twenty things which I set down:<BR>
This done, I twenty more-had in my <i>crown</i>.<BR>
<i>Bunyan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The part of a hat above the
brim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The part of a tooth
which projects above the gum; also, the top or grinding surface
of a tooth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The vertex or top of
an arch; -- applied generally to about one third of the curve,
but in a pointed arch to the apex only.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Corona</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>That part of an anchor where the arms are joined to the
shank.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The rounding, or rounded
part, of the deck from a level line.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>pl.</i> <def>The bights formed by the several turns of a
cable.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>The upper range of facets in a rose
diamond.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>The dome of a furnace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The area inclosed
between two concentric perimeters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A round spot shaved
clean on the top of the head, as a mark of the clerical state;
the tonsure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <def>A size of writing paper. See under
<u>Paper</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <def>A coin stamped with the image of a
crown; hence,a denomination of money; as, the English
<i>crown</i>, a silver coin of the value of five shillings
sterling, or a little more than $1.20; the Danish or Norwegian
<i>crown</i>, a money of account, etc., worth nearly twenty-seven
cents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>20.</b></sn> <def>An ornaments or decoration
representing a crown; as, the paper is stamped with a
<i>crown</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crown of aberration</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a
spurious circle around the true circle of the sun.</cd> --
<col><b>Crown antler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
topmost branch or tine of an antler; also, an antler having a
cuplike top, with tines springing from the rim.</cd> --
<col><b>Crown bar</b></col>, <cd>one of the bars which support
the crown sheet of steam-boiler furnace.</cd> -- <col><b>Crown
glass</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Glass</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Crown imperial</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Crown jewels</b></col>, <cd>the
jewels appertaining to the sovereign while wearing the
crown.</cd> [Eng.] "She pawned and set to sale the <i>crown
jewels</i>." <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>Crown land</b></col>,
<cd>land belonging to the crown, that is, to the sovereign.</cd>
-- <col><b>Crown law</b></col>, <cd>the law which governs
criminal prosecutions.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Crown
lawyer</b></col>, <cd>one employed by the crown, as in criminal
cases.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Crown octavo</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Paper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Crown office</b></col>.
<cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Crown paper</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Paper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Crown
piece</b></col>.  <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Crown Prince</b></col>, <cd>the heir apparent to a crown
or throne.</cd> -- <col><b>Crown saw</b></col>. <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Crown scab</b></col> <i>(Far.)</i>,
<cd>a cancerous sore formed round the corners of a horse's
hoof.</cd> -- <col><b>Crown sheet</b></col>, <cd>the flat plate
which forms the top of the furnace or fire box of an internally
fired steam boiler.</cd> -- <col><b>Crown shell</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Acorn-shell</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Crown side</b></col>. See <u>Crown office</u>. --
<col><b>Crown tax</b></col> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>, <cd>a golden
crown, or its value, which was required annually from the Jews by
the king of Syria, in the time of the Maccabees.</cd> <i>1 Macc.
x. 20.</i> -- <col><b>Crown wheel</b></col>. <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Crown work</b></col>. <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Pleas of the crown</b></col>
<i>(Engl. law)</i>, <cd>criminal actions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crown</hw> (kroun), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crowned</u> (kround); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Crowning</u>.] [OE. <i>coronen</i>,
<i>corunen</i>, <i>crunien</i>, <i>crounien</i>, OF.
<i>coroner</i>, F.  <i>couronner</i>, fr. L.  <i>coronare</i>,
fr. <i>corona</i> a crown. See <u>Crown</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover, decorate,
or invest with a crown; hence, to invest with royal dignity and
power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her who fairest does appear,<BR>
<i>Crown</i> her queen of all the year.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Crown</i> him, and say, "Long live our
emperor."<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bestow something upon as a mark of
honor, dignity, or recompense; to adorn; to dignify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou . . . hast <i>crowned</i> him with glory and
honor.<BR>
<i>Ps. viii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form the topmost or finishing part
of; to complete; to consummate; to perfect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Amidst the grove that <i>crowns</i> yon tufted
hill.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>One day shall <i>crown</i> the alliance.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>crown</i> the whole, came a proposition.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To cause to round
upward; to make anything higher at the middle than at the edges,
as the face of a machine pulley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To effect a lodgment
upon, as upon the crest of the glacis, or the summit of the
breach.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To crown a knot</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to lay
the ends of the strands over and under each other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crowned</hw> (kround), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having or wearing a crown; surmounted,
invested, or adorned, with a crown, wreath, garland, etc.;
honored; rewarded; completed; consummated; perfected.</def>
"<i>Crowned</i> with one crest." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Crowned</i>
with conquest." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With surpassing glory <i>crowned</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Great; excessive; supreme.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crown"er</hw> (kroun"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, crowns.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; FL.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Coroner</u>.] <def>A coroner.</def>
[Prov. Eng. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Crown"et</hw> (kroun"?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Crown</u>, <u>Coronet</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A coronet.</def> [R.]  <i>P.
Whitehead.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The ultimate end and result of an
undertaking; a chief end.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O this false soul of Egypt! this grave charm . . .
.<BR>
Whose bosom was my <i>crownet</i>, my chief end.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crown"-im*pe"ri*al</hw> (-?m-p?"r?-<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A spring-blooming plant
(<i>Fritillaria imperialis</i>) of the Lily family, having at the
top of the stalk a cluster of pendent bell-shaped flowers
surmounted with a tuft of green leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crown"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
crown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crown"let</hw> (-l?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
coronet.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crown" of`fice</hw> (?f`f?s; 115). <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<def>The criminal branch of the Court of King's or Queen's Bench,
commonly called the <i>crown side</i> of the court, which takes
cognizance of all criminal cases.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crown"piece`</hw> (-p?s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A piece or part which passes over the
head, as in a bridle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A coin [In
sense <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> properly <i>crown piece</i>.] See
<u>Crown</u>, 19.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crown"-post`</hw> (kroun"p?st`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>King-post</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crown"-saw`</hw> (-s?`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From its
supposed resemblance to a <i>crown</i>.] <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A
saw in the form of a hollow cylinder, with teeth on the end or
edge, and operated by a rotative motion.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The trephine was the first of the class of crownsaws.
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crown" side`</hw> (s?d`). <def>See <u>Crown
office</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crown" wheel`</hw> (hw?l`).  [Named from its resemblance
to a <i>crown</i>.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A wheel with cogs or
teeth set at right angles to its plane; -- called also a
<i>contrate wheel</i> or <i>face wheel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crown"work`</hw> (-w?rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A work consisting of two or more bastioned
fronts, with their outworks, covering an enceinte, a bridgehead,
etc., and connected by wings with the main work or the river
bank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crow"-quill`</hw> (kr?"kw?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
quill of the crow, or a very fine pen made from such a
quill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crows</hw> (kr?z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; <i>sing.</i>
<singw><b>Crow</b></singw>.  <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians of the Dakota stock, living in Montana; -- also called
<i>Upsarokas</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crow's"-foot`</hw> (kr?z"f??t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Crow's-feet</b></plw> (-f&emacr;t`).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The wrinkles that appear,
as the effect of age or dissipation, under and around the outer
corners of the eyes.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A caltrop.</def>
[Written also <i>crowfoot</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Bird's-
mouth</u>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Crow"-silk`</hw> (kr?"s?lk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A filamentous fresh-water alga (<i>Conferva
rivularis</i> of Linnaeus, <i>Rhizoclonium rivulare</i> of
Kutzing).</def></p>

<p><hw>Crow's-nest`</hw> (kr?z"n?st`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A box or perch near the top of a mast, esp.
in whalers, to shelter the man on the lookout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crow"step`</hw> (kr?"st?p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Corriestep</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crow"stone`</hw> (kr?"st?n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The top stone of the gable end of a
house.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crowth</hw> (krouth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ancient
musical instrument. See 4th <u>Crowd</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crow"toe`</hw> (kr&omacr;"t&omacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The <i>Lotus
corniculatus</i>.</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unidentified plant, probably the
crowfoot.</def> "The tufted <i>crowtoe</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crow"-trod`den</hw> (kr&omacr;"tr?d`d'n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked with crow's-feet, or wrinkles,
about the eyes.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Do I look as if I were <i>crow-trodden</i>?<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; FL.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Croyl"stone`</hw> (kroil"st&omacr;n`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Crystallized cawk, in
which the crystals are small.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croys</hw> (krois), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cross</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Croze</hw> (kr?z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Cross</u>,
and <u>Crosier</u>.] <def>A cooper's tool for making the grooves
for the heads of casks, etc.; also, the groove itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro"zier</hw> (kr?"zh?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Crosier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cro"ziered</hw> (-zh?rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Crosiered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru"cial</hw> (kr?"sh<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>crucial</i>, fr. L. <i>crux</i>, <i>crucis</i>, cross,
torture. See <u>Cross</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the
form of a cross; appertaining to a cross; cruciform;
intersecting; as, <i>crucial</i> ligaments; a <i>crucial</i>
incision.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Severe; trying or searching, as if
bringing to the cross; decisive; as, a <i>crucial</i>
test.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru"cian carp`</hw> (-sh<i>a</i>n k?rp`). [Cf. Sw.
<i>karussa</i>, G. <i>karausche</i>, F.  <i>carousse</i>, <i>-
assin</i>, <i>corassin</i>, LL.  <i>coracinus</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;  a sort of fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind
of European carp (<i>Carasius vulgaris</i>), inferior to the
common carp; -- called also <i>German carp</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The gibel or Prussian carp is now generally considered
a variety of the crucian carp, or perhaps a hybrid between it and
the common carp.</p>

<p><hw>Cru"ci*ate</hw> (kr?"sh?-?t or -sh?t; 106),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cruciatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>cruciare</i> to crucify, torture, fr. <i>crux</i>,
<i>crucis</i>, a cross. See <u>Cross</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tormented.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the leaves or
petals arranged in the form of a cross; cruciform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru"ci*ate</hw> (kr?"sh?-?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To torture; to torment. [Obs.] See <u>Excruciate</u>.</def>
<i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cru`ci*a"tion</hw> (kr?`sh?-?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>cruciatio</i>.] <def>The act of torturing; torture;
torment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cru"ci*ble</hw> (kr&udd;"s&ibreve;*b'l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>crucibulum</i> a hanging lamp, an
earthen pot for melting metals (cf. OF. <i>croisel</i>,
<i>creuseul</i>, sort of lamp, crucible, F. <i>creuset</i>
crucible), prob. of German origin; cf. OHG.  <i>kr&umacr;sul</i>,
LG. <i>kr&uuml;sel</i>, hanging lamp, <i>kroos</i>, <i>kruus</i>,
mug, jug, jar, D. <i>kroes</i> cup, crucible, Dan.  <i>kruus</i>,
Sw.  <i>krus</i>, E.  <i>cruse</i>.  It was confused with
derivatives of L.  <i>crux</i> cross (cf. <u>Crosslet</u>), and
crucibles were said to have been marked with a cross, to prevent
the devil from marring the chemical operation. See <u>Cruse</u>,
and cf. <u>Cresset</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vessel or
melting pot, composed of some very refractory substance, as clay,
graphite, platinum, and used for melting and calcining substances
which require a strong degree of heat, as metals, ores,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hollow place at the bottom of a
furnace, to receive the melted metal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A test of the most decisive kind; a
severe trial; as, the <i>crucible</i> of affliction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hessian crucible</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
cheap, brittle, and fragile, but very refractory crucible,
composed of the finest fire clay and sand, and commonly used for
a single heating; -- named from the place of
manufacture.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cru"ci*fer</hw> (-f?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cruciferous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the order
<i>Crucifer&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru*cif"er*ous</hw> (kr?-s?f"?r-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>crux</i>, <i>crucis</i>, cross + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F.
<i>crucif&?;re</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bearing a
cross.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
resembling, a family of plants which have four petals arranged
like the arms of a cross, as the mustard, radish, turnip,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru"ci*fi`er</hw> (kr?"s?-f?`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who crucifies; one who subjects himself or another to a
painful trial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru"ci*fix</hw> (kr?"s?-f?ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Crucifixes</b></plw> (-&?;z). [F. <i>crucifix
or LL</i>. <i>crucifixum</i>, fr. L.  <i>crux</i>, <i>crucis</i>,
cross +  <i>figere</i>, <i>fixum</i>, to fix. See <u>Cross</u>,
and <u>Fix</u>, and cf. Crucify.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
representation in art of the figure of Christ upon the cross;
esp., the sculptured figure affixed to a real cross of wood,
ivory, metal, or the like, used by the Roman Catholics in their
devotions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cross, too, by degrees, become the
<i>crucifix</i>.<BR>
<i>Milman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And kissing oft her <i>crucifix</i>,<BR>
Unto the block she drew.<BR>
<i>Warner.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cross or religion of Christ.</def>
[R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cru`ci*fix"ion</hw> (kr?`s?-f?k"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of nailing
or fastening a person to a cross, for the purpose of putting him
to death; the use of the cross as a method of capital
punishment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of one who is nailed or
fastened to a cross; death upon a cross.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Intense suffering or affliction;
painful trial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do ye prove<BR>
What <i>crucifixions</i> are in love?<BR>
<i>Herrick.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cru"ci*form</hw> (kr?"s?-f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crux</i>, <i>crucis</i>, cress + <i>-form</i>: cf. F.
<i>cruciforme</i>.] <def>Cross-shaped; <i>(Bot.)</i> having four
parts arranged in the form of a cross.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru"ci*fy</hw> (-f?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crucified</u> (-f?d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crucifying</u>.] [F.
<i>crucifier</i>, fr. (assumed) LL.  <i>crucificare</i>, for
<i>crucifigere</i>, fr, L. <i>crux</i>, <i>crucis</i>, cross +
<i>figere</i> to fix, the ending <i>-figere</i> being changed to
<i>-ficare</i>, F. <i>-fier</i> (in compounds), as if fr. L.
<i>facere</i> to do, make. See <u>Cross</u>, and <u>Fix</u>, and
cf. <u>Crucifix</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten to a
cross; to put to death by nailing the hands and feet to a cross
or gibbet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They cried, saying, <i>Crucify</i> him,
<i>cricify</i> him.<BR>
<i>Luke xxiii. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the power or ruling
influence of; to subdue completely; to mortify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that are Christ's have <i>crucified</i> the
flesh, with the affections and lusts.<BR>
<i>Gal. v. 24.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To vex or torment.</def>  <i>Beau. &
FL.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cru*cig"er*ous</hw> (kr?-s?j"?r-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>crux</i>, <i>cricis</i>, cross + <i>-gerous</i>.]
<def>Bearing the cross; marked with the figure of a cross.</def>
<i>Sir. T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crud</hw> (kr?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Curd</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Crud"dle</hw> (-d'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
curdle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>See how thy blood <i>cruddles</i> at this.<BR>
<i>Bea&?; &amp; FL.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crude</hw> (kr&udd;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Cruder</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Crudest</u>.] [L. <i>crudus</i> raw;
akin to <i>cruor</i> blood (which flows from a wound). See
<u>Raw</u>, and cf. <u>Cruel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In its
natural state; not cooked or prepared by fire or heat; undressed;
not altered, refined, or prepared for use by any artificial
process; raw; as, <i>crude</i> flesh.</def> "Common <i>crude</i>
salt."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Molding to its will each successive deposit of the
<i>crude</i> materials.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unripe; not mature or perfect;
immature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I come to pluck your berries harsh and
<i>crude</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not reduced to order or form;
unfinished; not arranged or prepared; ill-considered;
immature.</def> "<i>Crude</i> projects."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Crude</i>, undigested masses of suggestion,
furnishing rather raw materials for composition.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The originals of Nature in their <i>crude</i><BR>
Conception.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Undigested; unconcocted; not brought
into a form to give nourishment.</def> "<i>Crude</i> and
inconcoct."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having, or displaying, superficial and
undigested knowledge; without culture or profundity; as, a
<i>crude</i> reasoner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Harsh and offensive,
as a color; tawdry or in bad taste, as a combination of colors,
or any design or work of art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crude"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a crude,
immature manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crude"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A crude,
undigested, or unprepared state; rawness; unripeness;
immatureness; unfitness for a destined use or purpose; as, the
<i>crudeness</i> of iron ore; <i>crudeness</i> of theories or
plans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru"di*ty</hw> (kr&udd;"d&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Crudities</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z). [L. <i>cruditas</i>, fr.  <i>crudus</i>: cf. F.
<i>crudit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Crude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The condition of being crude; rawness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is in a crude or undigested
state; hence, superficial, undigested views, not reduced to order
or form.</def> "<i>Crudities</i> in the stomach."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cru"dle</hw> (-d'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cruddle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crud"y</hw> (kr?d"?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Crud</u>.] <def>Coagulated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His cruel wounds with <i>crudy</i> blood
congealed.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cru"dy</hw> (kr?"d?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Crude</u>.] <def>Characterized by crudeness; raw.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The foolish and dull and <i>crudy vapors</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cru"el</hw> (kr&udd;"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Crewel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru"el</hw> (kr&udd;"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cruel</i>, fr. L.  <i>crudelis</i>, fr. <i>crudus</i>. See
<u>Crude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to give pain to
others; willing or pleased to hurt, torment, or afflict;
destitute of sympathetic kindness and pity; savage; inhuman;
hard-hearted; merciless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold a people cometh from the north country; . .
. they are <i>cruel</i> and have no mercy.<BR>
<i>Jer. vi. 22,23.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing, or fitted to cause, pain,
grief, or misery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cruel</i> wars, wasting the earth.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce; and
their wrath for it was <i>cruel</i>.<BR>
<i>Gen. xlix. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Attended with cruetly; painful;
harsh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have seen <i>cruel</i> proof of this man's
strength.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cru"el*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a cruel manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extremely; very.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cru"el*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos><def>Cruelty.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cru"els</hw> (kr&udd;"&ebreve;lz), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [Corrupt. fr. F. <i>&eacute;crouelles</i>
scrofula.] <def>Glandular scrofulous swellings in the
neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru"el*ty</hw> (-t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cruelties</b></plw> (-t&ibreve;z). [OF.
<i>cruelt&eacute;</i>, F.  <i>cruaut&eacute;</i>, fr. L.
<i>crudelitas</i>, fr.  <i>crudelis</i>. See <u>Cruel</u>.] </p>

<p><! p. 351 !></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The attribute or quality of being
cruel; a disposition to give unnecessary pain or suffering to
others; inhumanity; barbarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pierced through the heart with your stern
<i>cruelty</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cruel and barbarous deed; inhuman
treatment; the act of willfully causing unnecessary
pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cruelties</i> worthy of the dungeons of the
Inquisition.</blockquote>
<blockquote>Macaulay.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cru"en*tate</hw> (kr?"?n-t?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cruentatus</i>, p. p. of <i>cruentare</i> to make bloody, fr.
<i>cruentus</i> bloody, fr.  <i>cruor</i>. See <u>Crude</u>.]
<def>Smeared with blood.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Glanwill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cru*en"tous</hw> (kr?-?n"t?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cruentus</i>.] <def>Bloody; cruentate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cru"et</hw> (kr&udd;"&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Anglo-French <i>cruet</i>, a dim. from OF. <i>crue</i>,
<i>cruie</i>; of German or Celtic origin, and akin to E.
<i>crock</i> an earthen vessel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bottle
or vessel; esp., a vial or small glass bottle for holding
vinegar, oil, pepper, or the like, for the table; a caster.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A vessel used to hold
wine, oil, or water for the service of the altar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cruet stand</b></col>, <cd>a frame for holding cruets;
a caster.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cruise</hw> (kr&udd;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cruse</u>, a small bottle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cruise</hw> (kr&udd;z), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cruised</u> (kr&udd;zd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cruising</u>.] [D.
<i>kruisen</i> to move crosswise or in a zigzag, to cruise, fr.
<i>kruis</i> cross, fr. OF.  <i>crois</i>, <i>croiz</i>, F.
<i>croix</i>, or directly fr. OF.  <i>croisier</i>, F.
<i>croiser</i>, to cross, cruise, fr.  <i>crois</i> a cross. See
<u>Cross</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sail back and forth on the ocean;
to sail, as for the potection of commerce, in search of an enemy,
for plunder, or for pleasure.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A ship cruises <i>in</i> any particular sea or ocean;
as, <i>in</i> the Baltic or <i>in</i> the Atlantic. She cruises
<i>off</i> any cape; as, <i>off</i> the Lizard; <i>off</i>
Ushant. She cruises <i>on</i> a coast; as, <i>on</i> the coast of
Africa. A priate <i>cruises</i> to seize vessels; a yacht
<i>cruises</i> for the pleasure of the owner.</p>

<p><blockquote>Ships of war were sent to <i>cruise</i> near the
isle of Bute.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>'Mid sands, and rocks, and storms to <i>cruise</i>
for pleasure.<BR>
<i>Young.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wander hither and thither on
land.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Cruise</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A voyage made in
various directions, as of an armed vessel, for the protection of
other vessels, or in search of an enemy; a sailing to and fro, as
for exploration or for pleasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He feigned a compliance with some of his men, who
were bent upon going a <i>cruise</i> to Manilla.<BR>
<i>Dampier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cruis"er</hw> (kr?"z?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or a vessel that, cruises; -- usually an armed
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cruive</hw> (kr&usdot;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A
kind of weir or dam for trapping salmon; also, a hovel.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Crull</hw> (kr&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Curl</u>.] <def>Curly; curled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Crul"ler</hw> (kr&ubreve;l"l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Curl</u>.] <def>A kind of sweet cake
cut in strips and curled or twisted, and fried crisp in boiling
fat.</def> [Also written  <i>kruller</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Crumb</hw> (kr&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [AS.
<i>cruma</i>, akin to D. <i>kruim</i>, G.  <i>krume</i>; cf. G.
<i>krauen</i> to scratch, claw.] [Written also <i>crum</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small fragment or piece; especially, a
small piece of bread or other food, broken or cut off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Desiring to be fed with the <i>crumbs</i> which
fell from the rich man's table.<BR>
<i>Luke xvi. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Fig.: A little; a bit; as, a
<i>crumb</i> of comfort.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>The soft part of bread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dust unto dust, what must be, must;<BR>
If you can't get <i>crumb</i>, you'd best eat crust.<BR>
<i>Old Song.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Crumb brush</b></col>, <cd>a brush for sweeping crumbs
from a table.</cd> -- <col><b>To a crum</b></col>, <cd>with great
exactness; completely.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crumb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crumbed</u> (kr?md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Crumbing</u> (kr?m"?ng).] <def>To break into
crumbs or small pieces with the fingers; as, to <i>crumb</i>
bread.</def> [Written also <i>crum</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Crumb"cloth`</hw> (-kl&?;th`; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A cloth to be laid under a dining table to receive falling
fragments, and keep the carpet or floor clean.</def> [Written
also <i>crumcloth</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Crum"ble</hw> (kr?m"b'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crumbled</u> (-b'ld);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crumbling</u> (-bl?ng).]
[Dim. of <i>crumb</i>, v. t., akin to D.  <i>krimelen</i> G.
<i>kr&?;meln</i>.] <def>To break into small pieces; to cause to
fall in pieces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He with his bare wand can unthread thy joints,<BR>
And <i>crumble</i> all thy sinews.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall into
small pieces; to break or part into small fragments; hence, to
fall to decay or ruin; to become disintegrated; to
perish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the stone is brittle, it will <i>crumble</i>
and pass into the form of gravel.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The league deprived of its principal supports must
soon <i>crumble</i> to pieces.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crum"bly</hw> (-bl?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily
crumbled; friable; brittle.</def> "The <i>crumbly</i> soil."
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cru"me*nal</hw> (kr?"m?-n<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>crumena</i> purse.] <def>A purse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crum"ma*ble</hw> (kr&ubreve;m"m&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being crumbed or broken into
small pieces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crum"my</hw> (kr&ubreve;m"m&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of crumb or crumbs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soft, as the crumb of bread is; not
crusty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crump</hw> (kr?mp), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>crumb</i> stooping, bent down; akin to OHG.  <i>chrumb</i>, G.
<i>krumm</i>, Dan.  <i>krum</i>, D.  <i>krom</i>, and E.
<i>cramp</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Crooked; bent.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Crooked backs and <i>crump</i> shoulders.<BR>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hard or crusty; dry baked; as, a
<i>crump</i> loaf.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Hallivell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crump"et</hw> (kr&ubreve;mp"&ebreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from W.  <i>crempog</i>,
<i>crammwgth</i>, a pancake or fritter.] <def>A kind of large,
thin muffin or cake, light and spongy, and cooked on a griddle or
spider.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crum"ple</hw> (kr&ubreve;m"p'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crumpled</u> (-p'ld);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crumpling</u> (-pl?ng).]
[Dim. fr.  <i>crump</i>, <i>a.</i>] <def>To draw or press into
wrinkles or folds; to crush together; to rumple; as, to
<i>crumple</i> paper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>crumpled</i> it into all shapes, and
diligently scanned every wrinkle that could be made.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crum"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To contract
irregularly; to show wrinkles after being crushed together; as,
leaves <i>crumple</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crump"y</hw> (kr&ubreve;mp"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Brittle; crisp.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crunch</hw> (kr&ubreve;nch), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crunched</u> (kr&ubreve;ncht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crunching</u>.] [Prob. of
imitative origin; or cf. D.  <i>schransen</i> to eat heartily, or
E. <i>scrunch</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To chew with force
and noise; to craunch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And their white tusks <i>crunched</i> o'er the
whiter skull.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grind or press with violence and
noise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ship <i>crunched</i> through the ice.<BR>
<i>Kane.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To emit a grinding or craunching
noise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>crunching</i> and ratting of the loose
stones.<BR>
<i>H. James.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crunch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To crush with
the teeth; to chew with a grinding noise; to craunch; as, to
<i>crunch</i> a biscuit.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Crunk</hw> (kr&ubreve;&nsm;k), <hw>Crun"kle</hw>
(kr&ubreve;&nsm;"k'l), } <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>kr&?;nka</i> to croak.] <def>To cry like a crane.</def> [Obs.]
"The crane <i>crunketh</i>."  <i>Withals (1608).</i></p>

<p><hw>Cru*no"dal</hw> (kr?-n?"d<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Possessing, or characterized by, a crunode; -
- used of curves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru"node</hw> (kr?"n?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr.
L.  <i>crux</i> a cross + E.  <i>node</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
point where one branch of a curve crosses another branch. See
<i>Double point</i>, under <u>Double</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>||Cru"or</hw> (kr?"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., blood.
See <u>Crude</u>.] <def>The coloring matter of the blood; the
clotted portion of coagulated blood, containing the coloring
matter; gore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru"o*rin</hw> (-?-r?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The coloring matter of the blood in the
living animal; h&aelig;moglobin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crup</hw> (kr?p), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OHG.
<i>grop</i>, G. <i>grob</i>, coarse.] <def>Short; brittle; as,
<i>crup</i> cake.</def>  <i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crup</hw> (kr?p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Croup</u>, the rump of a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crup"per</hw> (kr?p"p?r <i>in U.S.</i>; kr?p"?r <i>in
Eng.</i>), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>croupi&?;re</i>, fr.
<i>croupe</i>.  See <u>Croup</u> the rump of a horse.] [Written
also <i>crouper</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The buttocks or
rump of a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A leather loop, passing under a
horse's tail, and buckled to the saddle to keep it from slipping
forwards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crup"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fit with a
crupper; to place a crupper upon; as, to <i>crupper</i> a
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cru"ra</hw> (kr?"r?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Crus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru"ral</hw> (-r<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cruralis</i>, fr.  <i>crus</i>, <i>cruris</i>, leg: cf. F.
<i>crural</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the thigh
or leg, or to any of the parts called <i>crura</i>; as, the
<i>crural</i> arteries; <i>crural</i> arch; <i>crural</i> canal;
<i>crural</i> ring.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Crus</hw> (kr?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Crura</b></plw> (kr&?;"r&?;). [L., the leg.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of the hind
limb between the femur, or thigh, and the ankle, or tarsus; the
shank.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Often applied, especially
in the plural, to parts which are supposed to resemble a pair of
legs; as, the <i>crura</i> of the diaphragm, a pair of muscles
attached to it; <i>crura cerebri</i>, two bundles of nerve fibers
in the base of the brain, connecting the medulla and the
forebrain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru*sade"</hw> (kr?-s?d"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>croisade</i>, fr. Pr.  <i>crozada</i>, or Sp <i>cruzada</i>,
or It.  <i>crociata</i>, from a verb signifying to take the
cross, mark one's self with a cross, fr. L.  <i>crux</i> cross;
or possibly taken into English directly fr. Pr. Cf.
<u>Croisade</u>, <u>Crosado</u>, and see <u>Cross</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any one of the military expeditions
undertaken by Christian powers, in the 11th, 12th, and 13th
centuries, for the recovery of the Holy Land from the
Mohammedans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any enterprise undertaken with zeal
and enthusiasm; as, a <i>crusade</i> against
intemperance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A Portuguese coin. See
<u>Crusado</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru*sade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crusaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Crusading</u>.] <def>To engage in a crusade; to attack in a
zealous or hot-headed manner.</def> "Cease <i>crusading</i>
against sense."  <i>M. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cru*sad"er</hw> (-s?"d?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
engaged in a crusade; as, the <i>crusaders</i> of the Middle
Ages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Azure-eyed and golden-haired,<BR>
Forth the young <i>crusaders</i> fared.<BR>
<i>Longfellow.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cru*sad"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a crusade; as, a <i>crusading</i> spirit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru*sa"do</hw> (-s?"d?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.
<i>cruzado</i>, fr. <i>cruz</i>, fr. L.  <i>crux</i>. See
<u>Crusade</u>, 3.] <def>An old Portuguese coin, worth about
seventy cents.</def> [Written also <i>cruade</i>.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cruse</hw> (kr?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG.
<i>kruus</i>, <i>kroos</i>, mug, jug, jar, D.  <i>kroes</i>, G.
<i>krause</i>, Icel.  <i>krus</i>, Sw.  <i>krus</i>, Dan.
<i>kruus</i>. Cf. <u>Crucible</u>, <u>Cresset</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cup or dish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take with thee . . . a <i>cruse</i> of honey.<BR>
<i>1 Kings xiv. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bottle for holding water, oil,
honey, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So David took . . . the <i>cruse</i> of water.<BR>
<i>1 Sam. xxvi. 12.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cru"set</hw> (kr?"s?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>creuset</i>. See <u>Cruse</u>, <u>Crucible</u>.] <def>A
goldsmith's crucible or melting pot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crush</hw> (kr&ubreve;sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Crushed</u> (kr&ubreve;sht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crushing</u>.] [OE.
<i>cruschen</i>, <i>crousshen</i>, Of.  <i>cruisir</i>,
<i>croissir</i>, fr. LL.  <i>cruscire</i>, prob. of Ger. origin,
from a derivative of the word seen in Goth.  <i>kruistan</i> to
gnash; akin to Sw.  <i>krysta</i> to squeeze, Dan.
<i>kryste</i>, Icel. <i>kreysta</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
press or bruise between two hard bodies; to squeeze, so as to
destroy the natural shape or integrity of the parts, or to force
together into a mass; as, to <i>crush</i> grapes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall not offer unto the Lord that which is
bruised, or <i>crushed</i>, or broken, or cut.<BR>
<i>Lev. xxii. 24.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The ass . . . thrust herself unto the wall, and
<i>crushed</i> Balaam's foot against the wall.<BR>
<i>Num. xxii. 25.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to fine particles by
pounding or grinding; to comminute; as, to <i>crush</i>
quartz.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To overwhelm by pressure or weight; to
beat or force down, as by an incumbent weight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>crush</i> the pillars which the pile
sustain.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Truth, <i>crushed</i> to earth, shall rise
again.<BR>
<i>Bryant.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To oppress or burden
grievously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt be only oppressed and <i>crushed</i>
alway.<BR>
<i>Deut. xxviii. 33.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To overcome completely; to subdue
totally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Speedily overtaking and <i>crushing</i> the
rebels.<BR>
<i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To crush a cup</b></col>, <cd>to drink.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>To crush out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To force
out or separate by pressure, as juice from grapes.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To overcome or destroy completely; to
suppress.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crush</hw> (kr?sh), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be or
become broken down or in, or pressed into a smaller compass, by
external weight or force; as, an eggshell <i>crushes</i>
easily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crush</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
violent collision or compression; a crash; destruction;
ruin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wreck of matter, and the <i>crush</i> of
worlds.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Violent pressure, as of a crowd; a
crowd which produced uncomfortable pressure; as, a <i>crush</i>
at a reception.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crush hat</b></col>, <cd>a hat which collapses, and
can be carried under the arm, and when expanded is held in shape
by springs; hence, any hat not injured by compressing.</cd> --
<col><b>Crush room</b></col>, <cd>a large room in a theater,
opera house, etc., where the audience may promenade or converse
during the intermissions; a foyer.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Politics leave very little time for the bow window
at White's in the day, or for the <i>crush room</i> of the opera
at night.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crush"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, crushes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crusher gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for
measuring the explosive force of gunpowder, etc., by its effect
in compressing a piece of metal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crush"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That crushes;
overwhelming.</def> "The blow must be quick and <i>crushing</i>."
<i>Macualay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crust</hw> (kr?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crusta</i>: cf. OF.  <i>crouste</i>, F. <i>cro&ucirc;te</i>;
prob. akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; ice, E.  <i>crystal</i>, from
the same root as E.  <i>crude</i>, <i>raw</i>. See <u>Raw</u>,
and cf. <u>Custard</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The hard
external coat or covering of anything; the hard exterior surface
or outer shell; an incrustation; as, a <i>crust</i> of
snow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have known the statute of an emperor quite hid
under a <i>crust</i> of dross.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Below this icy <i>crust</i> of conformity, the
waters of infidelity lay dark and deep as ever.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The hard exterior or surface of bread, in distinction from
the soft part or crumb; or a piece of bread grown dry or
hard.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cover or case of a pie,
in distinction from the soft contents.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The dough, or mass of doughy paste, cooked with a potpie; --
also called <i>dumpling</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Th' impenetrable <i>crust</i> thy teeth
defies.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He that keeps nor <i>crust</i> nor crumb.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . made the <i>crust</i> for the venison
pasty.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The exterior portion of
the earth, formerly universally supposed to inclose a molten
interior.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The shell of
crabs, lobsters, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A hard mass, made up of
dried secretions blood, or pus, occurring upon the surface of the
body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An incrustation on the interior of
wine bottles, the result of the ripening of the wine; a deposit
of tartar, etc. See <u>Beeswing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crust</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crusted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Crusting</u>.] [Cf. OF.  <i>crouster</i>, L.  <i>crustare</i>.
See <u>Crust</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <def>To cover with a
crust; to cover or line with an incrustation; to
incrust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole body is <i>crusted</i> over with
ice.<BR>
<i>Boyle.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>And now their legs, and breast, and bodies
stood<BR>
<i>Crusted</i> with bark.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Very foul and <i>crusted</i> bottles.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Their minds are <i>crusted</i> over, like diamonds
in the rock.<BR>
<i>Felton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crust</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gather or
contract into a hard crust; to become incrusted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The place that was burnt . . . <i>crusted</i> and
healed.<BR>
<i>Temple.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Crus"ta</hw> (kr?s"t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., shell,
crust, inlaid work.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crust or shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gem engraved, or a plate embossed in
low relief, for inlaying a vase or other object.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Crus*ta"ce*a</hw> (kr?s-t?"sh?-?), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [Neut. pl. of NL.  <i>crustaceus</i> pert. to the
crust or shell, from L. <i>crusta</i> the hard surfsce of a body,
rind, shell.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the classes of the
arthropods, including lobsters and crabs; -- so called from the
crustlike shell with which they are covered.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The body usually consists of an anterior part, made up
of the head and thorax combined, called the <i>cephalothorax</i>,
and of a posterior jointed part called the <i>abdomen</i>,
<i>postabdomen</i>, and (improperly) <i>tail</i>. They breathe by
means of gills variously attached to some of the limbs or to the
sides the body, according to the group. They are divisible into
two subclasses, Entomostraca and Malacostraca, each of which
includes several orders.</p>

<p><hw>Crus*ta"cean</hw> (kr?s-t?"sh<i>a</i>n; 97),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Crustacea; crustaceous.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
animal belonging to the class <i>Crustacea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crus*ta`ce*o*log"ic*al</hw> (-sh?-?-l?j"?-k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to crustaceology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crus*ta`ce*ol"o*gist</hw> (-?ll"?-j?st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in crustaceology; a
crustalogist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crus*ta`ce*ol"o*gy</hw> (-j?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Crustacea</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of
Zo&ouml;logy which treats of the Crustacea; malacostracology;
carcinology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crus*ta"ceous</hw> (kr?s-t?"sh?s; 97),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>crustaceous</i>. See
<u>crustacea</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or of
the nature of, crust or shell; having a crustlike
shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the
Crustacea; crustacean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crus*ta"ceous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being crustaceous or having a crustlike
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crust"al</hw> (kr?st"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to a crust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crus`ta*log"ic*al</hw> (kr?s`t?-l?j"?-k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to crustalogy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crus*tal"o*gist</hw> (-t&?;l"&?;-j&?;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in crustalogy.</def></p>

<p><! p. 352 !></p>

<p><hw>Crus*tal"o*gy</hw> (kr?s-t?l"?-j?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>crusta</i> shell + <i>-logy</i>.]
<def>Crustaceology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crus"ta*ted</hw> (kr?s"t?-t?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crustatus</i>, p. p. of <i>crustare</i>, fr.  <i>crusta</i>.
See <u>Crust</u>.] <def>Covered with a crust; as,
<i>crustated</i> basalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crus*ta"tion</hw> (kr?s-t?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An adherent crust; an incrustation.</def>  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Crust"ed</hw> (kr?st"?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incrusted; covered with, or containing, crust; as, old,
<i>crusted</i> port wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crus*tif`ic</hw> (kr?s-t?f"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crusta</i> crust + <i>-facere</i> to make.] <def>Producing or
forming a crust or skin.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Crust"i*ly</hw> (kr&ubreve;st"&ibreve;-l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a crusty or surly manner;
morosely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crust"i*ness</hw> (-&ibreve;-n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality
of having crust or being like crust; hardness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being crusty or
surly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old Christy forgot his usual
<i>crustiness</i>.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crust"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the nature of crust; pertaining to
a hard covering; as, a <i>crusty</i> coat; a <i>crusty</i>
surface or substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Possibly a corruption of <i>cursty</i>.
Cf. <u>Curst</u>, <u>Curstness</u>.] <def>Having a hard exterior,
or a short, rough manner, though kind at heart; snappish;
peevish; surly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>crusty</i> batch of nature, what's the
news?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crut</hw> (kr&ubreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cro&ucirc;te</i> crust.] <def>The rough, shaggy part of oak
bark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crutch</hw> (kr&ubreve;ch; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Crutches</b></plw> (-&ebreve;z). [OE.
<i>crucche</i>, AS. <i>crycc</i>, <i>cricc</i>; akin to D.
<i>kruk</i>, G.  <i>kr&uuml;cke</i>, Dan. <i>krykke</i>, Sw.
<i>krycka</i>, and to E. <i>crook</i>. See <u>Crook</u>, and cf.
<u>Cricket</u> a low stool.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A staff with
a crosspiece at the head, to be placed under the arm or shoulder,
to support the lame or infirm in walking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll lean upon one <i>crutch</i>, and fight with
the other.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Rhyme is a <i>crutch</i> that lifts the weak
alone.<BR>
<i>H. Smith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A form of pommel for a woman's saddle,
consisting of a forked rest to hold the leg of the
rider.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
knee, or piece of knee timber</def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
forked stanchion or post; a crotch. See <u>Crotch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crutch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To support on
crutches; to prop up.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Two fools that <i>crutch</i> their feeble sense on
verse.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crutched</hw> (kr?cht), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Supported upon crutches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <u>Crouch</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and <u>Crouched</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> ]
<def>Marked with the sign of the cross; crouched.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crutched friar</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>one of a
religious order, so called because its members bore the sign of
the cross on their staves and habits; -- called also <i>crossed
friar</i> and <i>crouched friar</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cruth</hw> (kr?th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W.
<i>crwth</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See 4th <u>Crowd</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Crux</hw> (kr&ubreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> E.  <plw><b>Cruxes</b></plw> (-&ebreve;z), L.
<plw><b>Cruces</b></plw> (kr&udd;"s&emacr;z). [L., cross,
torture, trouble.] <def>Anything that is very puzzling or
difficult to explain.</def>  <i>Dr. Sheridan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The perpetual <i>crux</i> of New Testament
chronologists.<BR>
<i>Strauss.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cru*za"do</hw> (kr?-z?"d?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
coin. See <u>Crusado</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Crwth</hw> (kr&oomac;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See 4th <u>Crowd</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cry</hw> (kr&imacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cried</u> (kr&imacr;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Crying</u>.] [F.
<i>crier</i>, cf. L.  <i>quiritare</i> to raise a plaintive cry,
scream, shriek, perh. fr.  <i>queri</i> to complain; cf. Skr.
<i>cvas</i> to pant, hiss, sigh. Cf. <u>Quarrel</u> a brawl,
<u>Querulous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a loud call or
cry; to call or exclaim vehemently or earnestly; to shout; to
vociferate; to proclaim; to pray; to implore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And about the ninth hour, Jesus <i>cried</i> with
a loud voice.<BR>
<i> Matt. xxvii. 46.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Clapping their hands, and <i>crying</i> with loud
voice.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Hear the voice of my supplications when I
<i>cry</i> unto thee.<BR>
<i> Ps. xxviii. 2.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The voice of him that <i>crieth</i> in the
wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord.<BR>
<i>Is. xl. 3.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>cried</i> after him to return.<BR>
<i>Bunyan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter lamentations; to lament
audibly; to express pain, grief, or distress, by weeping and
sobbing; to shed tears; to bawl, as a child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall <i>cry</i> for sorrow of heart.<BR>
<i>Is. lxv. 14.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I could find it in my heart to disgrace my man's
apparel and to <i>cry</i> like a woman.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter inarticulate sounds, as
animals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The young ravens which <i>cry</i>.<BR>
<i>Ps. cxlvii. 9.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>In a cowslip's bell I lie<BR>
There I couch when owls do <i>cry</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To cry on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to
call upon the name of; to beseech.</cd> "No longer <i>on</i>
Saint Denis will we <i>cry</i>." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To cry
out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To exclaim; to vociferate;
to scream; to clamor.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To complain
loudly; to lament.</cd> -- <col><b>To cry out against</b></col>,
<cd>to complain loudly of; to censure; to blame.</cd> --
<col><b>To cry out on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to
denounce; to censure.</cd> "<i>Cries out upon</i> abuses."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To cry to</b></col>, <cd>to call on in
prayer; to implore.</cd> -- <col><b>To cry you mercy</b></col>,
<cd>to beg your pardon.</cd> "I <i>cry you mercy</i>, madam; was
it you?" <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To utter loudly; to call out; to shout; to sound abroad; to
declare publicly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All, all, <i>cry</i> shame against ye, yet I 'll
speak.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The man . . . ran on,<i>crying</i>, Life! life!
Eternal life!<BR>
<i>Bunyan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to do something, or bring to
some state, by crying or weeping; as, to <i>cry</i> one's self to
sleep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make oral and public proclamation
of; to declare publicly; to notify or advertise by outcry,
especially things lost or found, goods to be sold, ets.; as, to
<i>cry</i> goods, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love is lost, and thus she <i>cries</i> him.<BR>
<i>Crashaw.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> Hence, <def>to publish the banns of, as for
marriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I should not be surprised if they were
<i>cried</i> in church next Sabbath.<BR>
<i>Judd.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To cry aim</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Aim</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>To cry down</b></col>, <cd>to decry; to depreciate; to
dispraise; to condemn.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of dissolute lives <i>cry down</i> religion,
because they would not be under the restraints of it.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p> -- <col><b>To cry out</b></col>, <cd>to proclaim; to
shout.</cd> "Your gesture <i>cries</i> it <i>out</i>."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To cry quits</b></col>, <cd>to propose,
or declare, the abandonment of a contest.</cd> -- <col><b>To cry
up</b></col>, <cd>to enhance the value or reputation of by public
and noisy praise; to extol; to laud publicly or
urgently.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cry</hw> (kr?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cries</b></plw> (kr&?;z). [F.  <i>cri</i>, fr.
<i>crier</i> to cry. See <u>Cry</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A loud utterance; especially, the
inarticulate sound produced by one of the lower animals; as, the
<i>cry</i> of hounds; the <i>cry</i> of wolves.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Outcry; clamor; tumult; popular
demand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Again that <i>cry</i> was found to have been as
unreasonable as ever.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any expression of grief, distress,
etc., accompanied with tears or sobs; a loud sound, uttered in
lamentation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There shall be a great <i>cry</i> throughout all
the land.<BR>
<i>Ex. xi. 6.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>An infant crying in the night,<BR>
An infant crying for the light;<BR>
And with no language but a <i>cry</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Loud expression of triumph or wonder
or of popular acclamation or favor.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cry</i> went once on thee.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Importunate supplication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, the most piteous <i>cry</i> of the poor
souls.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Public advertisement by outcry;
proclamation, as by hawkers of their wares.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The street <i>cries</i> of London.<BR>
<i>Mayhew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Common report; fame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cry</i> goes that you shall marry her.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A word or phrase caught up by a party
or faction and repeated for effect; as, the party <i>cry</i> of
the Tories.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All now depends upon a good <i>cry</i>.<BR>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A pack of hounds.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>cry</i> more tunable<BR>
Was never hollaed to, nor cheered with horn.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A pack or company of persons; -- in
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Would not this . . . get me a fellowship in a
<i>cry</i> of players?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>The crackling noise made by block tin
when it is bent back and forth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A far cry</b></col>, <cd>a long distance; -- in
allusion to the sending of criers or messengers through the
territory of a Scottish clan with an announcement or
summons.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cry"al</hw> (kr?"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W.
<i>creyr</i>, <i>cryr</i>, <i>crychydd</i>. Cf. <u>Cruer</u> a
hawk.] <def>The heron</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cry"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. faucon
<i>gruyer</i> a falcon trained to fly at the crane, fr.
<i>crye</i> crane, fr. L. <i>crus</i> crane. Cf. <u>Cryal</u>.]
<def>The female of the hawk; a falcon-gentil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cry"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Calling for
notice; compelling attention; notorious; heinous; as, a
<i>crying</i> evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too much fondness for meditative retirement is not
the <i>crying</i> sin of our modern Christianity.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cry`o*hy"drate</hw> (kr?`?-h?"dr?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>kry`os</grk> cold + E.  <i>hydrate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A substance, as salt, ammonium chloride, etc., which
crystallizes with water of crystallization only at low
temperatures, or below the freezing point of water.</def>  <i> F.
Guthrie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cry"o*lite</hw> (kr&imacr;"?-l?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>kry`os</grk> icy cold, frost + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F.
<i>cryolithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A fluoride of sodium and
aluminum, found in Greenland, in white cleavable masses; -- used
as a source of soda and alumina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cry*oph"o*rus</hw> (kr&isl;*&obreve;f"&osl;*r&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>kry`os</grk> icy cold,
frost + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
instrument used to illustrate the freezing of water by its own
evaporation. The ordinary form consists of two glass bulbs,
connected by a tube of the same material, and containing only a
quantity of water and its vapor, devoid of air. The water is in
one of the bulbs, and freezes when the other is cooled below
32&deg; Fahr.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crypt</hw> (kr&ibreve;pt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crypta</i> vault, crypt, Gr. <grk>kry`pth</grk>, fr.
<grk>kry`ptein</grk> to hide. See <u>Grot</u>, <u>Grotto</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vault wholly or partly under ground;
especially, a vault under a church, whether used for burial
purposes or for a subterranean chapel or oratory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Priesthood works out its task age after age, . . .
treasuring in convents and <i>crypts</i> the few fossils of
antique learning.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>My knees are bowed in <i>crypt</i> and shrine.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A simple gland,
glandular cavity, or tube; a follicle; as, the <i>crypts</i> of
Lieberk&uuml;hn, the simple tubular glands of the small
intestines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crypt"al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to crypts.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cryp"tic</hw> (kr&ibreve;p"t&ibreve;k),
<hw>Cryp"tic*al</hw> (-t?-k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>crypticus</i>, Gr. <grk>kryptiko`s</grk>, fr.
<grk>kry`ptein</grk> to hide.] <def>Hidden; secret; occult.</def>
"Her [nature's] more <i>cryptic</i> ways of working."
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cryp"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Secretly;
occultly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cryp"ti*dine</hw> (kr?p"t?-d?n; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>krypto`s</grk> hidden.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the
quinoline bases, obtained from coal tar as an oily liquid,
C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>11</sub>N; also, any one of several
substances metameric with, and resembling, cryptidine
proper.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cryp`to*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (kr?p`t?-br<i>a</i>?`k?-
?"t?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>krypto`s</grk>
hidden + L. <i>branchia</i> a gill.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A division of the Amphibia; the
Derotremata.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A group of nudibranch
mollusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cryp`to*bran"chi*ate</hw> (-br??"k?-?t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having concealed or
rudimentary gills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cryp`to*crys"tal*line</hw> (-kr?s"t<i>a</i>l-l?n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>krypto`s</grk> hidden + E.
<i>crystalline</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Indistinctly
crystalline; -- applied to rocks and minerals, whose state of
aggregation is so fine that no distinct particles are visible,
even under the microscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cryp"to*gam</hw> (kr?p"t?-g?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F.  <i>cryptogame</i>. See <u>Cryptogamia</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant belonging to the Cryptogamia.</def>
<i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cryp`to*ga"mi*a</hw> (kr?p`t?-g?"m?-?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cryptogami&aelig;</b></plw> (-&?;). [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>krypto`s</grk> hidden, secret + <grk>ga`mos</grk> marriage.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The series or division of flowerless plants,
or those never having true stamens and pistils, but propagated by
spores of various kinds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The subdivisions have been variously arranged. The
following arrangement recognizes four classes: --</p>

<p>I. <u>Pteridophyta</u>, or <u>Vascular Acrogens</u>. These
include <i>Ferns</i>, <i>Equiseta</i> or Scouring rushes,
<i>Lycopodiace&aelig;</i> or Club mosses,
<i>Selaginelle&aelig;</i>, and several other smaller orders. Here
belonged also the extinct coal plants called
<i>Lepidodendron</i>, <i>Sigillaria</i>, and
<i>Calamites</i>.</p>

<p>II. <u>Bryophita</u>, or <u>Cellular Acrogens</u>. These
include <i>Musci</i>, or Mosses, <i>Hepatic&aelig;</i>, or Scale
mosses and Liverworts, and possibly <i>Charace&aelig;</i>, the
Stoneworts.</p>

<p>III. <u>Alg&aelig;</u>, which are divided into
<u>Floride&aelig;</u>, the Red Seaweeds, and the orders
<i>Dictyote&aelig;</i>, <i>O&ouml;spore&aelig;</i>,
<i>Zo&ouml;spore&aelig;</i>, <i>Conjugat&aelig;</i>,
<i>Diatomace&aelig;</i>, and <i>Cryptophyce&aelig;</i>.</p>

<p>IV. <u>Fungi</u>.  The molds, mildews, mushrooms, puffballs,
etc., which are variously grouped into several subclasses and
many orders. The <i>Lichenes</i> or Lichens are now considered to
be of a mixed nature, each plant partly a Fungus and partly an
Alga.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Cryp`to*ga"mi*an</hw> (kr?p`t?-g?"m?-a]/>n),
<hw>Cryp`to*gam"ic</hw> (kr?p`t?-g?m"?k),
<hw>Cryp*to"gam*ous</hw> (#) } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the series Cryptogamia, or to plants of that
series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cryp*tog"a*mist</hw> (-m?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One skilled in cryptogamic botany.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cryp"to*gram</hw> (kr?p"t?-gr?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A cipher writing. Same as <u>Cryptograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cryp"to*graph</hw> (-gr?f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>krypto`s</grk> hidden + <i>-graph</i>: cf. F.
<i>cryptographe</i>.] <def>Cipher; something written in
cipher.</def> "Decipherers of <i>cryptograph</i>."  <i>J.
Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cryp*tog"ra*phal</hw> (kr?p-t?g"r?-f<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to cryptography;
cryptographical.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cryp*tog"ra*pher</hw> (kr?p-t?g"r?-f?r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who writes in cipher, or secret
characters.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cryp`to*graph"ic</hw> (kr?p`t?-gr?f"?k),
<hw>Cryp`to*graph"ic*al</hw> (kr?p`t?-gr?f"?-k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to cryptography; written in
secret characters or in cipher, or with sympathetic
ink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cryp*tog"ra*phist</hw> (kr?p-t?g"r?-f?st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Cryptographer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cryp*tog"ra*phy</hw> (-f?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cryptographie</i>.] <def>The act or art of writing in secret
characters; also, secret characters, or cipher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cryp*tol"o*gy</hw> (kr?p-t?l"?-j?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>krypto`s</grk> hidden + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>Secret or
enigmatical language.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cryp"to*nym</hw> (kr?p"t?-n?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; secret + &?;&?;&?;&?; name.] <def>A secret name; a
name by which a person is known only to the initiated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cryp"to*pine</hw> (kr?p"t?-p?n; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>krypto`s</grk> hidden + E. <i>op</i>ium.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless crystalline alkaloid obtained in
small quantities from opium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cryp*tu"ri</hw> (kr&ibreve;p*t&umacr;"r&imacr;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>krypto`s</grk> hidden
+ <grk>o'yra`</grk> tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
flying, drom&aelig;ognathous birds, including the tinamous of
South America. See <u>Tinamou</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys"tal</hw> (kr&ibreve;s"t<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>cristal</i>, F.  <i>cristal</i>, L.
<i>crystallum</i> crystal, ice, fr. Gr. <grk>kry`stallos</grk>,
fr. <grk>kry`os</grk> icy cold, frost; cf. AS. <i>crystalla</i>,
fr. L.  <i>crystallum</i>; prob. akin to E.  <i>crust</i>.  See
<u>Crust</u>, <u>Raw</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem. &
Min.)</i> <def>The regular form which a substance tends to assume
in solidifying, through the inherent power of cohesive
attraction. It is bounded by plane surfaces, symmetrically
arranged, and each species of crystal has fixed axial ratios. See
<u>Crystallization</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The material of quartz, in
crystallization transparent or nearly so, and either colorless or
slightly tinged with gray, or the like; -- called also <i>rock
crystal</i>. Ornamental vessels are made of it. Cf. <u>Smoky
quartz</u>, <u>Pebble</u>; also <i>Brazilian pebble</i>, under
<u>Brazilian</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A species of glass, more perfect in
its composition and manufacture than common glass, and often cut
into ornamental forms. See <u>Flint glass</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The glass over the dial of a watch
case.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling crystal, as clear
water, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The blue <i>crystal</i> of the seas.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Blood crystal</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Blood</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound crystal</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Compound</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Iceland crystal</b></col>,
<cd>a transparent variety of calcite, or crystallized calcium
carbonate, brought from Iceland, and used in certain optical
instruments, as the polariscope.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock
crystal</b></col>, or  <col><b>Mountain crystal</b></col>,
<cd>any transparent crystal of quartz, particularly of limpid or
colorless quartz.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crys"tal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or
like, crystal; clear; transparent; lucid; pellucid;
crystalline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through <i>crystal</i> walls each little mote will
peep.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>crystal</i> streams that murmur through the
meads.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>crystal</i> pellets at the touch
congeal,<BR>
And from the ground rebounds the ratting hail.<BR>
<i>H. Brooks.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Crys"tal*lin</hw> (-l?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Gobulin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys"tal*line</hw> (kr?s"t<i>a</i>l-l?n or -l?n; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>crystallinus</i>, from Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;: cf. F.  <i>cristallin</i>. See <u>Crystal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting, or made, of
crystal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mount, eagle, to my palace <i>crystalline</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formed by crystallization; like
crystal in texture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>crystalline</i> structure.<BR>
<i>Whewell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Imperfectly crystallized; as, granite
is only <i>crystalline</i>, while quartz crystal is perfectly
crystallized.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Resembling crystal; pure;
transparent; pellucid.</def> "The <i>crystalline</i> sky."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Crystalline heavens</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Crystalline spheres</b></col>, <cd>in the Ptolemaic
system of astronomy, two transparent spheres imagined to exist
between the region of the fixed stars and the <i>primum
mobile</i> (or outer circle of the heavens, which by its motion
was supposed to carry round all those within it), in order to
explain certain movements of the heavenly bodies.</cd> --
<col><b>Crystalline lens</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
capsular lenslike body in the eye, serving to focus the rays of
light. It consists of rodlike cells derived from the external
embryonic epithelium.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Crys"tal*line</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Aniline</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Crys"tal*lite</hw> (kr?s"t<i>a</i>l-l?t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Crystal</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
minute mineral form like those common in glassy volcanic rocks
and some slags, not having a definite crystalline outline and not
referable to any mineral species, but marking the first step in
the crystallization process. According to their form crystallites
are called <i>trichites</i>, <i>belonites</i>, <i>globulites</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><! p. 353 !></p>

<p><hw>Crys"tal*li`za*ble</hw>
(kr&ibreve;s"t<i>a</i>l*l&imacr;`z&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being crystallized; that may
be formed into crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys`tal*li*za"tion</hw>
(kr&ibreve;s`t<i>a</i>l*l&ibreve;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>cristallization</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem. &amp; Min.)</i> <def>The act or process
by which a substance in solidifying assumes the form and
structure of a crystal, or becomes crystallized.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The body formed by crystallizing; as,
silver on precipitation forms arborescent
<i>crystallizations</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The systems of crystallization are the several classes
to which the forms are mathematically referable. They are most
simply described according to the relative lengths and
inclinations of certain assumed lines called axes; but the real
distinction is the degree of symmetry characterizing them. 1.
<b>The Isometric, or Monometric, system</b> has the axes all
equal, as in the cube, octahedron, etc. 2. <b>The Tetragonal, or
Dimetric, system</b> has a varying vertical axis, while the
lateral are equal, as in the right square prism. 3. <b>The
Orthorhombic, or Trimetric, system</b> has the three axes
unequal, as in the rectangular and rhombic prism. In this system,
the lateral axes are called, respectively, <i>macrodiagonal</i>
and <i>brachydiagonal</i>. -- The preceding are erect forms, the
axes intersecting at right angles.  The following are oblique. 4.
<b>The Monoclinic system</b>, having one of the intersections
oblique, as in the oblique rhombic prism. In this system, the
lateral axes are called respectively, <i>clinodiagonal</i> and
<i>orthodiagonal</i>. 5. <b>The Triclinic system</b>, having all
the three intersections oblique, as in the oblique rhomboidal
prism. There is also: 6. <b>The Hexagonal system</b> (one
division of which is called <i>Rhombohedral</i>), in which there
are three equal lateral axes, and a vertical axis of variable
length, as in the hexagonal prism and the rhombohedron.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>The Diclinic system</i>, sometimes recognized, with
two oblique intersections, is only a variety of the
<i>Triclinic</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Crys"tal*lize</hw> (kr&ibreve;s"t<i>a</i>l*l&imacr;z),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Crystallized</u> (-l&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Crystallizing</u>.] [Cf. F.  <i>cristalliser</i>.
See <u>Crystal</u>.] <def>To cause to form crystals, or to assume
the crystalline form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys"tal*lize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
converted into a crystal; to take on a crystalline form, through
the action of crystallogenic or cohesive attraction.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Crys`tal*lo*gen"ic</hw> (-l?-j?n"?k),
<hw>Crys`tal*lo*gen"ic*al</hw> (-?-k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the production of
crystals; crystal-producing; as, <i>crystallogenic</i>
attraction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys`tal*log"e*ny</hw> (kr?s`t<i>a</i>l-l?j"?-n?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kry`stallos</grk> crystal + root
of <grk>gi`gnesqai</grk> to be born.] <def>The science which
pertains to the production of crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys`tal*log"ra*pher</hw>
(kr&ibreve;s"t<i>a</i>l*l&obreve;g"r&adot;*f&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who describes crystals, or the
manner of their formation; one versed in
crystallography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Crys`tal*lo*graph"ic</hw> (-l?-gr?f"?k),
<hw>Crys`tal*lo*graph"ic*al</hw> (-?-k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>crystallographique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to crystallography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys`tal*lo*graph"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In the manner of crystallography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys`tal*log"ra*phy</hw>
(kr&ibreve;s"t<i>a</i>l*l&obreve;g"r&adot;*f&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kry`stallos</grk> crystal + <i>-
graphy</i>: cf. F.  <i>cristallographie</i>. See <u>Crystal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine or science of
crystallization, teaching the system of forms among crystals,
their structure, and their methods of formation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A discourse or treatise on
crystallization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys"tal*loid</hw> (kr&ibreve;s"t<i>a</i>l*loid),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kry`stallos</grk> crystal + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Crystal-like; transparent like crystal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys"tal*loid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A body which, in solution,
diffuses readily through animal membranes, and generally is
capable of being crystallized; -- opposed to
<i>colloid</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the microscopic
particles resembling crystals, consisting of protein matter,
which occur in certain plant cells; -- called also <i>protein
crystal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys`tal*lol"o*gy</hw>
(kr&ibreve;s`t<i>a</i>l*l&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kry`stallos</grk> crystal + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>The science of the crystalline structure of
inorganic bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys"tal*lo*man`cy</hw> (-l?-m?n`s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>kry`stallos</grk> crystal + <i>-mancy</i>.]
<def>Divination by means of a crystal or other transparent body,
especially a beryl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys`tal*lom"e*try</hw> (-l?m"?-tr?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>kry`stallos</grk> crystal + <i>-metry</i>.] <def>The
art of measuring crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crys"tal*lur`gy</hw> (-l?r`j?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kry`stallos</grk> crystal + <grk>'e`rgon</grk> work.]
<def>Crystallization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cte"no*cyst</hw> (t&emacr;"n&osl;*s&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ktei`s</grk>, <grk>kteno`s</grk>,
comb + <grk>ky`stis</grk> bladder.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
organ of the Ctenophora, supposed to be sensory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cte"noid</hw> (t&emacr;"noid <i>or</i> t&ebreve;n"oid),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Having a comblike margin, as a ctenoid scale</def>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to the Ctenoidei.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ctenoidean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cte*noid"e*an</hw> (t&esl;*noid"&esl;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Relating to the
Ctenoidei.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Ctenoidei.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cte*noid"e*i</hw> (-?-?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, comb + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of fishes, established by
Agassiz, characterized by having scales with a pectinated margin,
as in the perch. The group is now generally regarded as
artificial.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cte*noph"o*ra</hw> (t?-n?f"?-r?), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, comb +
&?;&?;&?;&?; to carry.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class of
C&oelig;lenterata, commonly ellipsoidal in shape, swimming by
means of eight longitudinal rows of paddles. The separate paddles
somewhat resemble combs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cten"o*phore</hw> (t?n"?-f?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Ctenophora.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cten`o*phor"ic</hw> (t?n`?-f?r"?k),
<hw>Cte*noph"o*rous</hw> (t?-n?f"?-r?s), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Ctenophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cten`o*stom"a*ta</hw> (t?n`?-st?m"?-t?), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, comb +
&?;&?;&?;&?;, -&?;&?;&?; mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
suborder of Bryozoa, usually having a circle of bristles below
the tentacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cub</hw> (k&ubreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir.
<i>cuib</i> cub, whelp, young dog, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>cu</i> dog;
akin to E. <i>hound</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A young animal,
esp. the young of the bear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Jocosely or in contempt, a boy or
girl, esp. an awkward, rude, ill-mannered boy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, thou dissembling <i>cub</i>! what wilt thou
be<BR>
When time hath sowed a grizzle on thy case?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cubbed</u> (k&ubreve;bd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cubbing</u>.] <def>To bring forth; -- said of
animals, or in contempt, of persons.</def> "<i>Cubb'd</i> in a
cabin."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Cub</u> a young
animal.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stall for cattle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I would rather have such . . . .in <i>cub</i> or
kennel than in my closet or at my table.<BR>
<i>Landor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cupboard.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Laud.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shut up or
confine.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cu"ban</hw> (k?"b<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to Cuba or its inhabitants.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or an inhabitant of
Cuba.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*ba"tion</hw> (k?-b?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cubatio</i>, fr. <i>cubare</i> to lie down.] <def>The act of
lying down; a reclining.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cu"ba*to*ry</hw> (k?"b?-t?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cubator</i> he who lies down, fr.  <i>cubare</i>.] <def>Lying
down; recumbent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cu"ba*ture</hw> (k?"b?-t?r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cubus</i> cube: cf. F.  <i>cubature</i>.  See <u>Cube</u>.]
<def>The process of determining the solid or cubic contents of a
body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cub"bridge-head`</hw> (k?b"r?jj-h?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A bulkhead on the forecastle and half deck of
a ship.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cub"by</hw> (k?b"b?), <hw>Cub"by*hole`</hw> (-h?l`), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cub</u> a stall.] <def>A snug or
confined place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cub"*drawn`</hw> (k?b"dr?n`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sucked by cubs.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This night, wherein the <i>cub-drawn</i> bear
would couch.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cube</hw> (k?b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cube</i>, L.
<i>cubus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a cube, a cubical die.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A regular solid body, with
six equal square sides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The product obtained by
taking a number or quantity three times as a factor; as,
<i>4x4=16</i>, and <i>16x4=64</i>, the cube of 4.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cube ore</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>pharmacosiderite. It commonly crystallizes in cubes of a
green color.</cd> -- <col><b>Cube root</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>the number or quantity which, multiplied into itself, and
then into the product, produces the given cube; thus, 3 is the
cube root of 27, for <i>3x3x3 = 27</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cube
spar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>anhydrite; anhydrous calcium
sulphate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cube</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cubed</u> (k?bd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cubing</u>.] <def>To raise to the third power; to
obtain the cube of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"beb</hw> (k?"b?b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cub&?;be</i> (cf. It.  <i>cubebe</i>, Pr., Sp., Pg., &amp; NL.
<i>cubeba</i>), fr. Ar. <i>kab&?;bat</i>.] <def>The small, spicy
berry of a species of pepper (<i>Piper Cubeba</i>; <i>in
med.</i>, <i>Cubeba officinalis</i>), native in Java and Borneo,
but now cultivated in various tropical countries. The dried
unripe fruit is much used in medicine as a stimulant and
purgative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*beb"ic</hw> (k?-b?b"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, cubebs; as, <i>cubebic</i>
acid (a soft olive-green resin extracted from cubebs).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cub"hood</hw> (k?b"h??d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being a cub.</def> [Jocose] "From <i>cubhood</i> to old
age."  <i>W. B. Dawkins.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cu"bic</hw> (k?"b?k), <hw>Cu"bic*al</hw> (-b?-
k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.  <i>cubicus</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;: cf. F. <i>cubique</i>. See <u>Cube</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form or properties of a cube;
contained, or capable of being contained, in a cube.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Isometric or
monometric; as, <i>cubic</i> cleavage. See
<u>Crystallization</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cubic equation</b></col>, <cd>an equation in which the
highest power of the unknown quantity is a cube.</cd> --
<col><b>Cubic foot</b></col>, <cd>a volume equivalent to a
cubical solid which measures a foot in each of its
dimensions.</cd> -- <col><b>Cubic number</b></col>, <cd>a number
produced by multiplying a number into itself, and that product
again by the same number. See <u>Cube</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cubical parabola</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>two curves
of the third degree, one plane, and one on space of three
dimensions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cu"bic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
curve of the third degree.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Circular cubic</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Circular</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cu"bic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
cubical method.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"bic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being cubical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"bi*cle</hw> (k?"b?-k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cubiculum</i>.] <def>A loding room; esp., a sleeping place
partitioned off from a large dormitory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*bic"u*lar</hw> (k?-??k"?-l?r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cubicularis</i>, fr. <i>cubiculum</i> a sleeping room, fr.
<i>cubare</i> to lie down.] <def>Belonging to a chamber or
bedroom.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cu"bi*form</hw> (k?"b?-f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
the form of a cube.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cu*bi"le</hw> (k?-b?"l?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
bed.] <def>The lowest course of stones in a building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"bi*lose`</hw> (k?"b?-l?s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cubile</i> bed, nest.] <def>A mucilagenous secretion of
certain birds found as the characteristic ingredient of edible
bird's-nests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"bit</hw> (k&umacr;"b&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>cubitum</i>, <i>cubitus</i>; elbow, ell, cubit, fr.
(because the elbow serves for leaning upon) <i>cubare</i> to lie
down, recline; cf. Gr. <grk>ky`biton</grk> elbow,
<grk>ky`ptein</grk> to bend, stoop, <grk>kyfo`s</grk> bent,
stooping, humpbacked. Cf. <u>Incumbent</u>, <u>Covey</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The forearm; the ulna, a
bone of the arm extending from elbow to wrist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measure of length, being the
distance from the elbow to the extremity of the middle
finger.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The cubit varies in length in different countries, the
Roman cubit being 17,47 inches, the Greek 18,20, the Hebrew
somewhat longer, and the English 18 inches.</p>

<p><hw>Cu"bit*al</hw> (k?"b?t-a]/>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cubitalis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
the cubit or ulna; as, the <i>cubital</i> nerve; the
<i>cubital</i> artery; the <i>cubital</i> muscle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the length of a cubit.</def>
<i>Sir. T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cu"bit*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sleeve
covering the arm from the elbow to the hand.</def>
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cu"bit*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
measure of a cubit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cub"less</hw> (k?b"l?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
no cubs.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cu"boid</hw> (k?"boid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cube</i>
+ <i>-oid</i>: cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Cube-
shaped, or nearly so; as, the <i>cuboid</i> bone of the
foot.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The bone
of the tarsus, which, in man and most mammals, supports the
metatarsals of the fourth and fifth toes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*boid"al</hw> (k?-boid"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Cuboid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu`bo-oc`ta*he"dral</hw> (k?`b?-?k`t?-h?dr<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Presenting a combination of a cube and
an octahedron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu`bo-oc`ta*he"dron</hw> (-dr?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A combination of a cube and octahedron,
esp. one in which the octahedral faces meet at the middle of the
cubic edges.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cu"ca</hw> (k??"k?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr.
native name.] <def>See <u>Coca</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cuck"ing stool`</hw> (k&?;k"&?;ng st&?;&?;l`). [Cf. AS.
<i>scealfingst&omacr;l</i>, a word of similar meaning, allied to
<i>scealfor</i> a diver, mergus avis; or possibly from F.
<i>coquine</i> a hussy, slut, jade, f. of <i>coquin</i>, OE.
<i>cokin</i>, a rascal; or cf. Icel. <i>k&?;ka</i> to dung,
<i>k&?;kr</i> dung, the name being given as to a disgracing or
infamous punishment.] <def>A kind of chair formerly used for
punishing scolds, and also dishonest tradesmen, by fastening them
in it, usually in front of their doors, to be pelted and hooted
at by the mob, but sometimes to be taken to the water and ducked;
-- called also a <i>castigatory</i>, a <i>tumbrel</i>, and a
<i>trebuchet</i>; and often, but not so correctly, a <i>ducking
stool</i>.</def>  <i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cuck"old</hw> (k?k"?ld), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>kukeweld</i>, <i>cokewold</i>, <i>cokold</i>, fr. OF.
<i>coucoul</i>, <i>cucuault</i>, the last syllable being modified
by the OE. suffix <i>-wold</i> (see <u>Herald</u>); cf. F.
<i>cocu</i> a cuckold, formerly also, a cuckoo, and L.
<i>cuculus</i> a cuckoo. The word alludes to the habit of the
female cuckoo, who lays her eggs in the nests of other birds, to
be hatched by them.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man whose wife is
unfaithful; the husband of an adulteress.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A West Indian plectognath fish (<i>Ostracion
triqueter</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
cowfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cuck"old</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cuckolded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cuckolding</u>.] <def>To make a cuckold of, as a husband, by
seducing his wife, or by her becoming an adulteress.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cuck"old*ize</hw> (-?z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
cuckold.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cuck"old*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
qualities of a cuckold; mean-spirited; sneaking.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cuck"ol*dom</hw> (-?l-d?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of a cuckold; cuckolds, collectively.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cuck"old*ry</hw> (-?ld-r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being a cuckold; the practice of making
cuckolds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cuck"old's knot`</hw> (k?k"?ldz n?t`). <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A hitch or knot, by which a rope is secured to a spar, the
two parts of the rope being crossed and seized together; --
called also <i>cuckold's neck</i>.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cuck"oo</hw> (k??k"??), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>coccou</i>, <i>cukkow</i>, F.  <i>coucou</i>, prob. of
imitative origin; cf. L.  <i>cuculus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, Skr.
<i>k&?;ki&?;a</i>, G. <i>kuckuk</i>, D. <i>koekoek</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird belonging to <i>Cuculus</i>,
<i>Coccyzus</i>, and several allied genera, of many
species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The European cuckoo (<i>Cuculus canorus</i>) builds no
nest of its own, but lays its eggs in the nests of other birds,
to be hatched by them. The American yellow-billed cuckoo
(<i>Coccyzus Americanus</i>) and the black-billed cuckoo (<i>C.
erythrophthalmus</i>) build their own nests.</p>

<p><col><b>Cuckoo bee</b></col> <i>(Zool.)</i>, <cd>a bee,
parasitic in the larval stage in the nests of other bees, feeding
either upon their food or larvae. They belong to the genera
<i>Nomada</i>, <i>Melecta</i>, <i>Epeolus</i>, and others.</cd> -
- <col><b>Cuckoo clock</b></col>, <cd>a clock so constructed that
at the time for striking it gives forth sounds resembling the cry
of the cuckoo.</cd> -- <col><b>Cuckoo dove</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a long-tailed pigeon of the genus
<i>Macropygia</i>.  Many species inhabit the East Indies.</cd> --
<col><b>Cuckoo fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
European red gurnard (<i>Trigla cuculus</i>). The name probably
alludes to the sound that it utters.</cd> -- <col><b>Cuckoo
falcon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any falcon of the genus
<i>Baza</i>.  The genus inhabits Africa and the East Indies.</cd>
-- <col><b>Cuckoo maid</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
wryneck; -- called also <i>cuckoo mate</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cuckoo ray</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a British
ray (<i>Raia miraletus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Cuckoo
spit</b></col>, or <col><b>Cuckoo spittle</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A frothy secretion found upon plants,
exuded by the larvae of certain insects, for concealment; --
called also <i>toad spittle</i> and <i>frog spit</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A small hemipterous
insect, the larva of which, living on grass and the leaves of
plants, exudes this secretion. The insects belong to
<i>Aphrophora</i>, <i>Helochara</i>, and allied genera.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground cuckoo</b></col>, <cd>the chaparral cock.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 354 !></p>

<p><hw>Cuck"oo*bud"</hw> (k??k"??-b?d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of <i>Ranunculus</i> (<i>R.
bulbosus</i>); -- called also <i>butterflower</i>,
<i>buttercup</i>, <i>kingcup</i>, <i>goldcup</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cuck"oo*flow`er</hw> (-flou`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of <i>Cardamine</i> (<i>C.
pratensis</i>), or lady's smock. Its leaves are used in salads.
Also, the ragged robin (<i>Lychnis Flos-cuculi</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cuck"oo*pint`</hw> (-p?nt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus <i>Arum</i> (<i>A.
maculatum</i>); the European wake-robin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cuc"quean`</hw> (k?k"kw?n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cucko</i>ld + <i>quean</i>.] <def>A woman whose husband is
unfaithful to her.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cu*cu"jo</hw> (k??-k??"h?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fire beetle of Mexico and the
West Indies.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cu"cul*late</hw> (k?"k?l-l?t or k?-k?l"l?t),
<hw>Cu"cul*la`ted</hw> (-l?`t?d or -l?-t?d), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>cullatus</i>, fr. L.
<i>cucullus</i> a cap, hood. See <u>Cowl</u> a hood.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hooded; cowled; covered, as with a
hood.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the edges toward
the base rolled inward, as the leaf of the commonest American
blue violet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Having the prothorax elevated so as to form a sort of hood,
receiving the head, as in certain insects.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having a hoodlike crest on the head, as
certain birds, mammals, and reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"cu*loid</hw> (k?k?-loid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cuculus</i> a cuckoo + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or belonging to the cuckoos
(<i>Cuculid&aelig;</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"cum*ber</hw> (k?`k?m-b?r, <i>formerly</i> kou"k?m-b?r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>cucumer</i>, <i>cocumber</i>,
<i>cucumber</i>, fr. L. <i>cucmis</i>, gen. <i>cucumeris</i>; cf.
OF. <i>cocombre</i>,F. <i>concombre</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
creeping plant, and its fruit, of several species of the genus
<i>Cucumis</i>, esp. <i>Cucumis sativus</i>, the unripe fruit of
which is eaten either fresh or picked. Also, similar plants or
fruits of several other genera. See below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bitter cucumber</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
<i>Citrullus or Cucumis Colocynthis</i>. See
<u>Colocynth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cucumber beetle.</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small, black flea-
beetle (<i>Crepidodera cucumeris</i>), which destroys the leaves
of cucumber, squash, and melon vines.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The squash beetle.</cd> -- <col><b>Cucumber tree</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large ornamental or shade tree of the
genus <i>Magnolia</i> <i>(M. acuminata)</i>, so called from a
slight resemblance of its young fruit to a small cucumber.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An East Indian plant (<i>Averrhoa
Bilimbi</i>) which produces the fruit known as bilimbi.</cd> --
<col><b>Jamaica cucumber</b></col>, <col><b>Jerusalem
cucumber</b></col>, <cd>the prickly-fruited gherkin (<i>Cucumis
Anguria</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Snake cucumber</b></col>, <cd>a
species (<i>Cucumis flexuosus</i>) remarkable for its long,
curiously-shaped fruit.</cd> -- <col><b>Squirting
cucumber</b></col>, <cd>a plant (<i>Ecbalium Elaterium</i>) whose
small oval fruit separates from the footstalk when ripe and
expels its seeds and juice with considerable force through the
opening thus made. See <u>Elaterium</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Star
cucumber</b></col>, <cd>a climbing weed (<i>Sicyos angulatus</i>)
with prickly fruit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cu*cu"mi*form</hw> (k?-k?"m?-f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>cucumis</i> cucumber + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form
of a cucumber; having the form of a cylinder tapered and rounded
at the ends, and either straight or curved.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cu"cu*mis</hw> (k?k?--m?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
cucumber.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants including the
cucumber, melon, and same kinds of gourds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cu*cur"bit</hw> <hw>Cu*cur"bite</hw> }
(k&usl;*k&ucirc;r"b&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cucurbita</i> a gourd: cf. F. <i>cucurbite</i>. See
<u>Gourd</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A vessel or flask for
distillation, used with, or forming part of, an alembic; a
matrass; -- originally in the shape of a gourd, with a wide
mouth. See <u>Alembic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*cur`bi*ta"ceous</hw> (-b&ibreve;*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>cucurbitac&eacute;</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a family of
plants of which the cucumber, melon, and gourd are common
examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*cur"bi*tive</hw> (k?-k?r"b?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the shape of a gourd seed; -- said of certain small
worms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cud</hw> (k&ubreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cudu</i>, <i>cwudu</i>,<i>cwidu</i>,<i>cweodo</i>, of
uncertain origin; cf, G. <i>k&ouml;der</i> bait, Icel.
<i>kvi&eth;r</i> womb, Goth. <i>qi&thorn;us</i>. Cf.
<u>Quid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That portion of food which
is brought up into the mouth by ruminating animals from their
first stomach, to be chewed a second time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever parteth the hoof, and is cloven-footed,
and cheweth the <i>cud</i>, among the beasts, that shall ye
eat.<BR>
<i>Levit. xi. 3</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A portion of tobacco held in the mouth
and chewed; a quid.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The first stomach of ruminating
beasts.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To chew the cud</b></col>, <cd>to ruminate; to
meditate; used with <i>of</i>; as, to <i>chew the cud</i> of
bitter memories.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Chewed the</i> thrice turned <i>cud</i> of
wrath.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cud"bear`</hw> (k?d"b?r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also
<i>cudbeard</i>, corrupted fr. the name of Dr. <i>Cuthbert</i>
Gordon, a Scotchman, who first brought it into notice.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A powder of a violet red color, difficult
to moisten with water, used for making violet or purple dye. It
is prepared from certain species of lichen, especially
<i>Lecanora tartarea</i>.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A lichen (<i>Lecanora
tartarea</i>), from which the powder is obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cud"den</hw> (k?d"d'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For sense 1,
cf. Scot. <i>cuddy</i> an ass; for sense 2, see 3d <u>Cuddy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A clown; a low rustic; a dolt.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The slavering <i>cudden</i>, propped upon his
staff.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The coalfish. See
3d <u>Cuddy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cud"dle</hw> (k&ubreve;d"d'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cuddled</u> (-d'ld);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cuddling</u> (-
dl&ibreve;ng).] [Prob. for <i>couthle</i>, fr. <i>couth</i>
known; cf. OE. <i>ku&thorn;&thorn;en</i> to cuddle, or
<i>cu&eth;lechen</i> to make friends with. See<u>Couth</u>,
<u>Uncouth</u>, <u>Can</u>.] <def>To lie close or snug; to
crouch; to nestle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>cuddles</i> low beneath the brake;<BR>
Nor would she stay, nor dares she fly.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cud"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To embrace
closely; to fondle.</def>  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cud"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A close
embrace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cud"dy</hw> (-d?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cudden</u>. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ass; esp., one driven
by a huckster or greengrocer.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>A blockhead; a lout.</def>
<i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A lever mounted on a
tripod for lifting stones, leveling up railroad ties, etc.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cud"dy</hw> (k?d"d?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. a
contraction fr. D. <i>kajuit</i> cabin: cf. F. <i>cahute</i>
hut.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small cabin: also, the galley or
kitchen of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cud"dy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.; cf. Gael.
<i>cudaig</i>, <i>cudainn</i>, or E. <i>cuttlefish</i>, or
<i>cod</i>, <i>codfish</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>The coalfish
(<i>Pollachius carbonarius</i>).</def> [Written also
<i>cudden</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cudg"el</hw> (k?j"?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>kuggel</i>; cf. G. <i>keule</i> club (with a round end),
<i>kugel</i> ball, or perh. W. <i>cogyl</i> cudgel, or D.
<i>cudse</i>, <i>kuds</i>, cudgel.] <def>A staff used in cudgel
play, shorter than the quarterstaff, and wielded with one hand;
hence, any heavy stick used as a weapon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He getteth him a grievous crabtree <i>cudgel</i>
and . . . falls to rating of them as if they were dogs.<BR>
<i>Bunyan.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Cudgel play</b></col>, <cd>a fight or sportive contest
with cudgels.</cd> -- <col><b>To cross the cudgels</b></col>,
<cd>to forbear or give up the contest; -- a phrase borrowed from
the practice of cudgel players, who lay one cudgel over another
when the contest is ended.</cd> -- <col><b>To take up cudgels
for</b></col>, <cd>to engage in a contest in behalf of (some one
or something).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cudg"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cudgeled</u> or <u>Cudgelled</u> (-&?;ld);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cudgeling</u> or
<u>cudgelling</u>.] <def>To beat with a cudgel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An he here, I would <i>cudgel</i> him like a
dog.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To cudgel one's brains</b></col>, <cd>to exercise
one's wits.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cudg"el*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
beats with a cudgel.</def> [Written also <i>cudgeller</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cud"weed`</hw> (k?d"w?d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Apparently fr.  <i>cud</i> + <i>weed</i>, but perh. a corruption
of <i>cottonweed</i>; or of <i>cut weed</i>, so called from its
use as an application to cuts and chafings.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small composite plant with cottony or silky stem and leaves,
primarily a species of <i>Gnaphalium</i>, but the name is now
given to many plants of different genera, as <i>Filago</i>,
<i>Antennaria</i>, etc.; cottonweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cue</hw> (k&umacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [ OF.
<i>coue</i>, <i>coe</i>, F. <i>queue</i>, fr. L. <i>coda</i>,
<i>cauda</i>, tail. Cf. <u>Caudal</u>, <u>Coward</u>,
<u>Queue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The tail; the end of a
thing; especially, a tail-like twist of hair worn at the back of
the head; a queue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The last words of a play actor's
speech, serving as an intimation for the next succeeding player
to speak; any word or words which serve to remind a player to
speak or to do something; a catchword.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When my <i>cue</i> comes, call me, and I will
answer.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hint or intimation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give them [the servants] their <i>cue</i> to
attend in two lines as he leaves the house.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The part one has to perform in, or as
in, a play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Were it my <i>cue</i>to fight, I should have known
it<BR>
Without a prompter.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Humor; temper of mind.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A straight tapering rod used to impel
the balls in playing billiards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form into a cue;
to braid; to twist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cue</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>q</i>, an
abbreviation for <i>quadrans</i> a farthing.] <def>A small
portion of bread or beer; the quantity bought with a farthing or
half farthing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; The term was formerly current in the English
universities, the letter <i>q</i> being the mark in the buttery
books to denote such a portion.  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hast thou worn<BR>
Gowns in the university, tossed logic,<BR>
Sucked philosophy, eat <i>cues</i>?<BR>
<i>Old Play.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cuer"po</hw> (kw&etilde;r"p&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Sp. <i>cuerpo</i>, fr. L. <i>corpus</i> body. See
<u>Corpse</u>.] <def>The body.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>In cuerpo</b></col>, <cd>without full dress, so that
the shape of the Body is exposed; hence, naked or
uncovered.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Exposed <i>in cuerpo</i> to their rage.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cuff</hw> (k?f), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cuffed</u> (k&?;ft); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cuffing</u>.] [Cf. Sw. <i>kuffa</i> to knock,
push,<i>kufva</i> to check, subdue, and E. <i>cow</i>, v. t. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike; esp., to smite with the palm
or flat of the hand; to slap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I swear I'll <i>cuff</i> you, if you strike
again.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>They with their quills did all the hurt they
could,<BR>
And <i>cuffed</i> the tender chickens from their food.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To buffet.</def> "<i>Cuffed</i> by the
gale."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cuff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fight; to
scuffle; to box.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While the peers <i>cuff</i> to make the rabble
sport.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cuff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blow; esp.,, a blow
with the open hand; a box; a slap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Snatcheth his sword, and fiercely to him
flies;<BR>
Who well it wards, and quitten <i>cuff</i> with <i>cuff</i>.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Many a bitter kick and <i>cuff</i>.<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cuff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. from F.
<i>coiffe</i> headdress, hood, or coif; as if the cuff were a cap
for the hand. Cf. <u>Coif</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fold at the end of a sleeve; the
part of a sleeve turned back from the hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would visit his mistress in a morning gown,
band, short <i>cuffs</i>, and a peaked beard.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any ornamental appendage at the wrist,
whether attached to the sleeve of the garment or separate;
especially, in modern times, such an appendage of starched linen,
or a substitute for it of paper, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cuf"fy</hw> (k&?;f`f&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name
for a negro.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Cu"fic</hw> (k?`f?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [So called from
the town of <i>Cufa</i>, in the province of Bagdad.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the older characters of the Arabic language.</def>
[Written also <i>Kufic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cuin"age</hw> (kw?n`?j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Corrupted
fr. <i>coinage</i>.] <def>The stamping of pigs of tin, by the
proper officer, with the arms of the duchy of Cornwall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cui*rass"</hw> (kw&esl;*r&adot;s", or
kw&emacr;"r&abreve;s; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cuirasses</b></plw>(-&ebreve;z). [F. <i>cuirasse</i>,
orig., a breastplate of leather, for OF. <i>cuir&eacute;e</i>,
<i>cuirie</i> influenced by It. <i>corazza</i>, or Sp.
<i>coraza</i>, fr. an assumed LL. <i>coriacea</i>, fr. L.
<i>coriaceus</i>, adj., of leather, fr. <i>corium</i> leather,
hide; akin to Gr. <grk>cho`rion</grk> intestinal membrane, OSlav.
<i>skora</i> hide, Lith. <i>skura</i> hide, leather. Cf.
<u>Coriaceous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
piece of defensive armor, covering the body from the neck to the
girdle</def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The breastplate taken by
itself.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>cuirass</i> covered the body before and behind.
It consisted of two parts, a breast- and backpiece of iron
fastened together by means of straps and buckles or other like
contrivances. It was originally, as the name imports, made of
leather, but afterward of metal.
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>An armor of bony
plates, somewhat resembling a cuirass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cui*rassed"</hw> (kw&esl;*r&adot;st" <i>or</i>
kw&emacr;"r&abreve;st), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearing a cuirass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>Having a covering
of bony plates, resembling a cuirass; -- said of certain
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cui`ras*sier"</hw> (kw?`r?s-s?r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>cuirassier</i>. See <u>Curass</u>.] <def>A soldier armed
with a cuirass.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cuish</hw> (kw?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cuisse</i>
thigh, fr. L. <i>coxa</i> hip: cf. F. <i>cuissard</i>, OF,
<i>cuissot</i>, armor for the thigh, cuish. Cf. <u>Hough</u>.]
<def>Defensive armor for the thighs.</def> [ Written also
<i>cuisse</i>, and quish.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cui`sine"</hw> (kw?`z?n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
L. <i>coquina</i> kitchen, fr. <i>coquere</i> to cook. See
<u>Kitchen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The kitchen or cooking
department.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manner or style of cooking.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cu`lasse"</hw> (ku`l?s"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>cul</i> back.] <def>The lower faceted portion of a brilliant-
cut diamond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul*dee"</hw> (k&?;l-d&?;" or k&?;l"d&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [ Prob. fr. Gael. <i>cuilteach</i>; cf. Ir.
<i>ceilede</i>.] <def>One of a class of anchorites who lived in
various parts of Scotland, Ireland, and Wales.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pure <i>Culdees</i><BR>
Were Albyn's earliest priests of God.<BR>
<i>Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cul`-de-sac"</hw> (ku`de-s?k" or kul`de-s?k"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Culs-de-sac</b></plw>
(ku`- <i>or</i> kulz`-). [ F., lit., bottom of a bag.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A passage with only one outlet, as a
street closed at one end; a blind alley; hence, a trap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>a position in which an
army finds itself with no way of exit but to the front.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Any bag-shaped or
tubular cavity, vessel, or organ, open only at one end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"er*age</hw> (k?l"?r-?j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Culrage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cu"lex</hw> (k?"l?ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
gnat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of dipterous insects,
including the gnat and mosquito.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*lic"i*form</hw> (k?-l?s"i-f?rm). <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>culex</i> a gnat + <i>-form</i>:cf. F.
<i>culiciforme</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Gnat-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"li*na*ri*ly</hw> (k?`l?-n?-r?-l?),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of a kitchen; in
connection with a kitchen or cooking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"li*na*ry</hw> (k?"l?-n?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>culinarius</i>, fr. <i>culina</i> kitchen, perh. akin to
<i>carbo</i> coal: cf. F. <i>culinare</i>.] <def>Relating to the
kitchen, or to the art of cookery; used in kitchens; as, a
<i>culinary</i> vessel; the <i>culinary</i> art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cull</hw> (k?l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Culled</u> (k?ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Culling</u>.] [OE. <i>cullen</i>, OF.
<i>cuillir</i>, <i>coillir</i>, F. <i>cueillir</i>, to gather,
pluck, pick, fr. L. <i>colligere</i>. See <u>Coil</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Collect</u>.] <def>To separate, select,
or pick out; to choose and gather or collect; as, to <i>cull</i>
flowers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From his herd he <i>culls</i>,<BR>
For slaughter, from the fairest of his bulls.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Whitest honey in fairy gardens <i>culled</i>.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cully; a dupe; a
gull. See <u>Cully</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"len*der</hw> (k?l"l?n-d?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A strainer. See <u>Colander</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cull"er</hw> (k?l"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
picks or chooses; esp., an inspector who selects wares suitable
for market.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"let</hw> (k&ubreve;l"l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <u>Cull</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <def>Broken glass
for remelting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A dim. from F.
<i>cul</i> back.] <def>A small central plane in the back of a cut
gem. See <u>Collet</u>, 3 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul`li*bil"i*ty</hw> (-l?-b?l"?-ty), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <i>cully</i> to trick, cheat.] <def>Gullibility.</def> [R.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cul"li*ble</hw> (k?l"l?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Easily deceived; gullible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cull"ing</hw> (k?l"?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of one who culls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Anything separated or
selected from a mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"lion</hw> (k?l"y?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>couillon</i>, <i>coillon</i>, F. <i>co&?;on</i>, a vile
fellow, coward, dupe, from OF. <i>couillon</i>, <i>coillon</i>,
testicle, fr. <i>il</i> the scrotum, fr. L. <i>coleus</i> a
leather bag, the scrotum.] <def>A mean wretch; a base fellow; a
poltroon; a scullion.</def> "Away, base <i>cullions</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cul"lion*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mean;
base.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cul"lis</hw> (k&?;l"l&?;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>cole&iuml;s</i>, F. <i>coulis</i>, fr. OF. &amp; F. <i>couler</i>
to strain, to flow, fr. L. <i>colare</i> to filter, strain; cf.
LL. <i>coladicium</i>. Cf. <u>Colander</u>.] <def>A strong broth
of meat, strained and made clear for invalids; also, a savory
jelly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When I am exellent at caudles<BR>
And <i>cullises</i> . . . you shall be welcome to me.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cul"lis</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cullises</b></plw> (-&?;z). [F. <i>coulisse</i> groove,
fr. the same source as E. <i>cullis</i> broth.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A gutter in a roof; a channel or groove.</def></p>

<p><hw>Culls</hw> (k?lz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [From Cull,,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Refuse timber,
from which the best part has been culled out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any refuse stuff, as rolls not
properly baked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ly</hw> (k?l"l?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cullies</b></plw> (-l&?;z). [Abbrev. fr. <i>cullion</i>.]
<def>A person easily deceived, tricked, or imposed on; a mean
dupe; a gull.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have learned that . . . I am not the first
<i>cully</i> whom she has passed upon for a countess.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cully</u>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. D. <i>kullen</i> to
cheat, gull.] <def>To trick, cheat, or impose on; to
deceive.</def> "Tricks to <i>cully</i> fools."
<i>Pomfret.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ly*ism</hw> (-?z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being a cully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Less frequent instances of eminent
<i>cullyism</i>.<BR>
<i>Spectator.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Culm</hw> (k&ubreve;lm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>culmus</i> stalk, stem; akin to <i>calamus</i>.
See<u>Halm</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The stalk or stem of grain
and grasses (including the bamboo), jointed and usually
hollow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Culm</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. from W. <i>cwlm</i>
knot or tie, applied to this species of coal, which is much found
in balls or knots in some parts of Wales: cf. OE. <i>culme</i>
smoke, soot.] <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Mineral coal
that is not bituminous; anthracite, especially when found in
small masses.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The waste of the
Pennsylvania anthracite mines, consisting of fine coal, dust,
etc., and used as fuel.</def>  <i> Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cul"men</hw> (k?l"m?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>cellere</i> (in comp.) to impel; cf. <i>celsus</i> pushed
upward, lofty.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Top; summit; acme.</def>
<i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dorsal ridge
of a bird's bill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul*mif"er*ous</hw> (k?l-m?f"?r-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>culmus</i> stalk or stem + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F.
<i>culmif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Having jointed stems or
culms.</def></p>

<p><! p. 355 !></p>

<p><hw>Cul*mif"er*ous</hw>
(k&ubreve;l*m&ibreve;f"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>[2d <i>culm</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Containing, or abounding in, culm or glance
coal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"mi*nal</hw> (k&ubreve;l"m&ibreve;*n<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a culmen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"mi*nant</hw> (-n<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Being vertical, or at the highest point of altitude; hence,
predominant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cul"mi*nate</hw> (k&ubreve;l"m&ibreve;*n&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Culminated</u> (-n&amacr;`t&eucr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Culminating</u> (-n&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng.] [L.
<i>cuimen</i> top or ridge. See <u>Column</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reach its highest point of altitude;
to come to the meridian; to be vertical or directly
overhead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As when his beams at noon<BR>
<i>Culminate</i> from the equator.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reach the highest point, as of
rank, size, power, numbers, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reptile race <i>culminated</i> in the
secondary era.<BR>
<i>Dana.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The house of Burgundy was rapidly
<i>culminating</i>.<BR>
<i>Motley.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cul"mi*nate</hw> (k&ubreve;l"m&ibreve;*n&asl;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Growing upward, as distinguished from a
lateral growth; -- applied to the growth of corals.</def>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cul"mi*na"tion</hw> (k&ubreve;l`m?-n?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>culmination</i>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The attainment of the highest point of
altitude reached by a heavenly body; passage across the meridian;
transit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attainment or arrival at the highest
pitch of glory, power, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cul"pa</hw> (k&ubreve;l"p&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Negligence or fault, as distinguishable
from <i>dolus</i> (deceit, fraud), which implies intent,
<i>culpa</i> being imputable to defect of intellect, <i>dolus</i>
to defect of heart.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cul`pa*bil"i*ty</hw> (k?l`p?-b?l`?-t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Culpabilities</b></plw>
(-t&?;z). [Cf. F. <i>culpabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state of
being culpable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"pa*ble</hw> (k?l"p?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>culpable</i>, <i>coulpable</i>, <i>coupable</i>, F.
<i>coupable</i>, formerly also <i>coupable</i>, formerly also
<i>coulpable</i>, <i>culpable</i>, fr. L. <i>culpabilis</i>, fr.
<i>culpare</i> to blame, fr. <i>culpa</i> fault.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deserving censure; worthy of blame;
faulty; immoral; criminal.</def>  <i>State Trials (1413).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If he acts according to the best reason he hath,
he is not <i>culpable</i>, though he be mistaken in his
measures.<BR>
<i>Sharp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Guilty; as, <i>culpable</i> of a
crime.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cul"pa*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cul"pa*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cul"pa*to*ry</hw> (-t?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Expressing blame; censuring; reprehensory;
inculpating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adjectives . . . commonly used by Latian authors
in a <i>culpatory</i> sense.<BR>
<i>Walpole.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Culpe</hw> (k&ubreve;lp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>coulpe</i>, fr.L. <i>culpa</i>.] <def>Blameworthiness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Banished out of the realme . . . without
<i>culpe</i>.<BR>
<i>E. Hall.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cul"pon</hw> (k&ubreve;l"p&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Coupon</u>.] <def>A shred; a fragment; a strip of
wood.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cul"prit</hw> (k&ubreve;l"pr&ibreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupted for <i>culpate</i>, fr. Law
Latin <i>culpatus</i> the accused, <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of L.
<i>culpare</i> to blame. See <u>Culpable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One accused of, or arraigned for, a crime, as before a
judge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An author is in the condition of a <i>culprit</i>;
the public are his judges.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One quilty of a fault; a
criminal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"rage</hw> (k&ubreve;l"r&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>culrage</i>, <i>culrache</i>; prob. fr. F. <i>cul</i> the
buttok + F. &amp; E. <i>rage</i>; F. <i>curage</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Smartweed (<i>Polygonum Hydropiper</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cult</hw> (k&ubreve;lt) <pos><i>n .</i></pos>[F.
<i>culte</i>, L. <i>cultus</i> care, culture, fr. <i>colere</i>
to cultivate. Cf. <u>Cultus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Attentive care; homage; worship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every one is convinced of the reality of a better
self, and of  the <i>cult</i> or homage which is due to it.<BR>
<i>Shaftesbury.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A system of religious belief and
worship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which was the religion of Moses is the
ceremonial or <i>cult</i> of the religion of Christ.<BR>
<i>Coleridge.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cultch</hw> (k&ubreve;lch; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Etymol. uncertain.] <def>Empty oyster shells and other
substances laid down on oyster grounds to furnish points for the
attachment of the spawn of the oyster.</def> [Also written
<i>cutch</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cul"ter</hw> (k&ubreve;l"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L.] <def>A colter. See <u>Colter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul`ti*ros"tral</hw> (-t&ibreve;*r&obreve;s"tr<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Cultirostres</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a bill shaped like the colter of
a plow, or like a knife, as the heron, stork, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cul`ti*ros"tres</hw> (-tr&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>culter</i> colter of a plow, knife
+ <i>rostrum</i> bill.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of
wading birds including the stork, heron, crane, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ti*va*ble</hw> (k?l"t?-v?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>cultivable</i>.] <def>Capable of being cultivated or
tilled.</def>  <i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ti*va`ta*ble</hw> (k?l"t?-v?`t?-b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cultivable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ti*vate</hw> (k?l"t?-v?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cultivated</u> (-v?`t?d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cultivating</u> (-v?`-
t?ng).] [LL. <i>cultivatus</i>, p. p. of <i>cultivare</i> to
cultivate, fr. <i>cultivus</i> cultivated, fr. L. <i>cultus</i>,
p. p. of <i>colere</i> to till, cultivate. Cf. <u>Colony</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bestow attention, care, and labor
upon, with a view to valuable returns; to till; to fertilize; as,
to <i>cultivate</i> soil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To direct special attention to; to
devote time and thought to; to foster; to cherish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leisure . . . to <i>cultivate</i> general
literature.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To seek the society of; to court
intimacy with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I ever looked on Lord Keppel as one of the
greatest and best men of his age; and I loved and
<i>cultivated</i> him accordingly.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To improve by labor, care, or study;
to impart culture to; to civilize; to refine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>cultivate</i> the wild, licentious
savage.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind of man hath need to be prepared for piety
and virtue; it must be <i>cultivated</i> to the end.<BR>
<i>Tillotson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To raise or produce by tillage; to
care for while growing; as, to <i>cultivate</i> corn or
grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul`ti*va"tion</hw> (k?l`t?-v?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>cultivation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or
act of cultivating; improvement for agricultural purposes or by
agricultural processes; tillage; production by tillage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bestowal of time or attention for
self-improvement or for the benefit of others; fostering
care.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being cultivated;
advancement in physical, intellectual, or moral condition;
refinement; culture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Italy . . . was but imperfectly reduced to
<i>cultivation</i> before the irruption of the barbarians.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ti*va`tor</hw> (k?l"t?-v?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>cultivateur</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who cultivates; as, a
<i>cultivator</i> of the soil; a <i>cultivator</i> of
literature.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An agricultural implement used in the
tillage of growing crops, to loosen the surface of the earth and
kill the weeds; esp., a triangular frame set with small shares,
drawn by a horse and by handles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a broader signification it includes any complex
implement for pulverizing or stirring the surface of the soil, as
harrows, grubbers, horse hoes, etc.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Cul"trate</hw> (k?l"tr?t), <hw>Cul"tra*ted</hw> (-tr?-
t?d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cultratus</i> knife-shaped,
from<i>culter</i>, <i>cultri</i>, knife.] <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Sharp-edged and pointed; shaped like a
pruning knife, as the beak of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"tri*form</hw> (-tr?-f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>culter</i>, <i>cultri</i>, knife + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Shaped like a pruning knife;
cultrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul*triv"o*rous</hw> (k?l-tr?b"?-r?s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>culter</i>, <i>cultri</i>, knife +
<i>vorare</i> to devour.] <def>Devouring knives; swallowing, or
pretending to swallow, knives; -- applied to persons who have
swallowed, or have seemed to swallow, knives with impunity.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cul"tur*a*ble</hw> (k?l"t?r-?-b'l; 135),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of, or fit for, being
cultivated; capable or becoming cultured.</def>  <i>London
Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cul"tur*al</hw> (k?l"t?r-a]/>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to culture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ture</hw> (k?l"t?r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>culture</i>, L. <i>cultura</i>, fr. <i>colere</i> to till,
cultivate; of uncertain origin. Cf. <u>Colony</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of cultivating, or of
preparing the earth for seed and raising crops by tillage; as,
the <i>culture</i> of the soil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of, or any labor or means
employed for, training, disciplining, or refining the moral and
intellectual nature of man; as, the <i>culture</i> of the
mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If vain our toil<BR>
We ought to blame the <i>culture</i>, not the soil.<BR>
<i>Pepe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being cultivated; result
of cultivation; physical improvement; enlightenment and
discipline acquired by mental and moral training; civilization;
refinement in manners and taste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What the Greeks expressed by their
<grk>paidei`a</grk>, the Romans by their <i>humanitas</i>, we
less happily try to express by the more artificial word
<i>culture</i>.<BR>
<i>J. C. Shairp.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The list of all the items of the general life of a
people represents that whole which we call its
<i>culture</i>.<BR>
<i>Tylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Culture fluid</b></col>, <cd>a fluid in which the
germs of microscopic organisms are made to develop, either for
purposes of study or as a means of modifying their
virulence.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cultured</u> (-t?rd; 135); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Culturing</u>.] <def>To cultivate; to
educate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They came . . . into places well inhabited and
<i>cultured</i>.<BR>
<i>Usher.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cul"tured</hw> (k?l"t?rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Under culture; cultivated.</def>
"<i>Cultured</i> vales."  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by mental and moral
training; disciplined; refined; well-educated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sense of beauty in nature, even among
<i>cultured</i> people, is less often met with than other mental
endowments.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The cunning hand and <i>cultured</i> brain.<BR>
<i>Whittier.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ture*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
culture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"tur*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cultivator.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is an advocate of
culture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>culturists</i>, by which term I mean not
those who esteem culture (as what intelligent man does not&?;)
but those its exclusive advocates who recommend it as the panacea
for all the ills of humanity, for its effects in cultivating the
whole man.<BR>
<i>J. C. Shairp</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cul"tus</hw> (k?l"t?s), <pos><i>n. sing. &
pl.</i></pos>; E. pl. <plw><b>Cultuses</b></plw> (-&?;z). [L.,
cultivation, culture.  See <u>Cult</u>.] <def>Established or
accepted religious rites or usages of worship; state of religious
development.  Cf. <u>Cult</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"tus cod`</hw> (k?d`). [Chinook <i>cultus</i> of little
worth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Cod</u>, and <i>Buffalo
cod</i>, under <u>Buffalo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ver</hw> (k?"v?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>culfre</i>, perh. fr. L. <i>columba</i>.] <def>A dove.</def>
"<i>Culver</i> in the falcon's fist."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ver</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<u>Culverin</u>.] <def>A culverin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Falcon and <i>culver</i> on each tower<BR>
Stood prompt their deadly hail to shower.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ver*house`</hw> (-hous`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dovecote.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ver*in</hw> (k?l"v?r-?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F.
<i>coulevrine</i>, prop. fem. of <i>couleuvrin</i> like a
serpent, fr. <i>couleuvre</i> adder, fr. L. <i>coluber</i>,
<i>colubra</i>.] <def>A long cannon of the 16th century, usually
an 18-pounder with serpent-shaped handles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trump, and drum, and roaring <i>culverin</i>.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ver*key`</hw> (-k?`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bunch of the keys or samaras of the ash
tree.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An English meadow plant, perhaps the
columbine or the bluebell squill (<i>Scilla nutans</i>).</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A girl cropping <i>culverkeys</i> and cowslips to
make garlands.<BR>
<i>Walton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cul"vert</hw> (k?l"v?rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from
OF. <i>coulouere</i>, F. <i>couloir</i>, channel, gutter,
gallery, fr. <i>couler</i> to flow. See <u>Cullis</u>.] <def>A
transverse drain or waterway of masonry under a road, railroad,
canal, etc.; a small bridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ver*tail`</hw> (k?l"v?r-t?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Carp.)</i> <def>Dovetail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ver*tailed`</hw> (-t?ld`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>United or fastened by a dovetailed joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cu*ma"ce*a</hw> (k?-m?"sh?-? or -s?-?), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of marine
Crustacea, mostly of small size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cum"bent</hw> (k?m"bent), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Recumbent</u>, <u>Covey</u>.] <def>Lying down;
recumbent.</def>  <i>J. Dyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cum"ber</hw> (k?m"b?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cumbered</u> (-b?rd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cumbering</u>.] [OE.
<i>combren</i>, <i>cumbren</i>,OF. <i>combrer</i> to hinder, from
LL. <i>cumbrus</i> a heap, fr. L. <i>cumulus</i>; cf. Skr.
<i>&?;&?;</i> to increase, grow strong. Cf. <u>Cumulate</u>.]
<def>To rest upon as a troublesome or useless weight or load; to
be burdensome or oppressive to; to hinder or embarrass in
attaining an object, to obstruct or occupy uselessly; to
embarrass; to trouble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why asks he what avails him not in fight,<BR>
And would but <i>cumber</i> and retard his flight?<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Martha was <i>cumbered</i> about much serving.<BR>
<i>Luke x. 40.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Cut it down; why <i>cumbereth</i> it the
ground?<BR>
<i> Luke xiii. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The multiplying variety of arguments, especially
frivolous ones, . . . but <i>cumbers</i> the memory.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cum"ber</hw> (k?m"b?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<i>encombre</i> hindrance, impediment. See
Cuber,<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Trouble; embarrassment;
distress.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>comber</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A place of much distraction and <i>cumber</i>.<BR>
<i> Sir H. Wotton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Sage counsel in <i>cumber</i>.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cum"ber*some</hw> (k&?;m"b&?;r-s&?;m),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Burdensome or
hindering, as a weight or drag; embarrassing; vexatious;
cumbrous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To perform a <i>cumbersome</i> obedience.<BR>
<i>Sir. P. Sidney.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not easily managed; as, a
<i>cumbersome</i> contrivance or machine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He holds them in utter contempt, as lumbering,
<i>cumbersome</i>, circuitous.<BR>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cum"ber*some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cum"ber*some*ness</wf>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cum"brance</hw> (k?m"br<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Encumbrance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Extol not riches then, the toil of fools,<BR>
The wise man's <i>cumbrance</i>, if not snare.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cum"bri*an</hw> (k?m"br?-a]/>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to Cumberland, England, or to a system of rocks
found there.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cumbrian system</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the
slate or graywacke system of rocks, now included in the
<i>Cambrian</i> or <i>Silurian</i> system; -- so called because
most prominent at Cumberland.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cum"brous</hw> (k?m"br?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rendering action or motion difficult or
toilsome; serving to obstruct or hinder; burdensome;
clogging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sunk beneath the <i>cumbrous</i> weight.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>cumbrous</i>and unwieldy style which
disfigures English composition so extensively.<BR>
<i>De Quincey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Giving trouble; vexatious.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A clud of <i>cumbrous</i> gnats.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cum"brous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cum"brous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cu"mene</hw> (k?"m?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cumin</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless oily hydrocarbon,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>, obtained
by the distillation of cuminic acid; -- called also
<i>cumol</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cum"frey</hw> (k?m"fr?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Comfrey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"mic</hw> (k?"m?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cuming</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"mi*dine</hw> (k?"m?-d?n or -d?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <u>Cumin</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A strong, liquid,
organic base, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>.
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.NH<sub>2</sub>, homologous with
aniline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cum"in</hw> (k?m"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>comin</i>, AS. <i>cymen</i>, fr. L. <i>cuminum</i>,
Gr.&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;; of Semitic origin, cf. Ar.
<i>kamm&?;n</i>, Heb. <i>kamm&?;n</i>; cf. OF. <i>comin</i>, F.
<i>cumin</i>. Cf. <u>Kummel</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A dwarf
umbelliferous plant, somewhat resembling fennel (<i>Cuminum
Cyminum</i>), cultivated for its seeds, which have a bitterish,
warm taste, with an aromatic flavor, and are used like those of
anise and caraway.</def> [Written also <i>cummin</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rank-smelling rue, and <i>cumin</i> good for
eyes.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Black cumin</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant
(<i>Nigella sativa</i>) with pungent seeds, used by the Afghans,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cu*min"ic</hw> (k?-m?n"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, cumin, or from oil of
caraway; as, <i>cuminic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cuminic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>white
crystalline substance, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>.
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.CO<sub>2</sub>H, obtained from oil of
caraway.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cu"mi*nil</hw> (k?"m?-n?l), <pos><i>n .</i></pos> <def>A
substance, analogous to benzil, obtained from oil of
caraway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"mi*nol</hw> (-n?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cuminic</i> + L. <i>ole</i>um.] <def>A liquid,
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.CHO,
obtained from oil of caraway; -- called also <i>cuminic
aldehyde</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cum"min</hw> (k?m"m?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Cumin</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye pay tithe of mint, and <i>cummin</i>.<BR>
<i> Matt. xxiii. 23.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cum"shaw</hw> (k?m"sha), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin.
<i>kom-tsie</i>.] <def>A present or bonus; -- originally applied
to that paid on ships which entered the port of Canton.</def>
<i> S. Wells Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cum"shaw</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give or
make a present to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"mu-cir`ro-stra"tus</hw> (k?`m?-s?r`r?-str?"t?s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>Nimbus, or rain cloud.
See <u>Nimbus</u>, and <u>Cloud</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"mu*late</hw> (k?"m?-l?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cumulated</u> (-l?`t?d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cumulating</u> (-l?`t?ng).]
[L. <i>cumulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>cumulare</i> to heap up, fr.
<i>cumulus</i> a heap. See <u>Cumber</u>.] <def>To gather or
throw into a heap; to heap together; to accumulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shoals of shells, bedded and <i>cumulated</i> heap
upon heap.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cu`mu*la"tion</hw> (k?`m?-l?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>cumulation</i>.] <def>The act of heaping together; a
heap. See <u>Accumulation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"mu*la*tist</hw> (k?"m?-l?-t?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who accumulates; one who collects.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cu"mu*la*tive</hw> (k?"m?-l?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>cumulatif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Composed of parts in a heap; forming a
mass; aggregated.</def> "As for knowledge which man receiveth by
teaching, it is <i>cumulative</i>, not original."
<i>Bacon</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Augmenting, gaining, or giving force,
by successive additions; as, a <i>cumulative</i> argument, <i>i.
e.</i>, one whose force increases as the statement
proceeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The argument . . . is in very truth not logical
and single, but moral and <i>cumulative</i>.<BR>
<i>Trench.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Tending to prove the same point to which other evidence has
been offered; -- said of evidence.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Given by same testator to the same legatee; -- said of a
legacy.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 356 !></p>

<p><col><b>Cumulative action</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>that
action of certain drugs, by virtue of which they produce, when
administered in small doses repeated at considerable intervals,
the same effect as if given in a single large dose.</cd> --
<col><b>Cumulative poison</b></col>, <cd>a poison the action of
which is cumulative.</cd> -- <col><b>Cumulative vote</b></col> or
<col><b>system of voting</b></col> <i>(Politics)</i>, <cd>that
system which allows to each voter as many votes as there are
persons to be voted for, and permits him to accumulate these
votes upon one person, or to distribute them among the candidates
as he pleases.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cu"mu*lose`</hw> (k?"m?-l?s`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cumulus</u>.] <def>Full of heaps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"mu*lo*stra"tus</hw> (k?"m?-l?-str?"t?s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A form of cloud. See
<u>Cloud</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cu"mu*lus</hw> (k?"m?-l?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cumuli</b></plw> (-l&?;). [L., a heap. See
<u>Cumber</u>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>One of the four principal
forms of clouds. See<u>Cloud</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cun</hw> (k?n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Cond</u>.]
<def>To con (a ship).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cun</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Con</u>.]
<def>To know. See <u>Con</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cu*nab"u*la</hw> (k?-n?b"?-l?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[L., a cradle, earliest abode, fr. <i>cunae</i> cradle.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The earliest abode; original dwelling
place; originals; as, the <i>cunabula</i> of the human
race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bibliography)</i> <def>The extant
copies of the first or earliest printed books, or of such as were
printed in the 15th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cunc*ta"tion</hw> (k?nk-t?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cunctatio</i>, fr. <i>cunctari</i>, p. p. <i>cunctatus</i>, to
delay.] <def>Delay; procrastination.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cunc"ta*tive</hw> (k?nk"t?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Slow; tardy; dilatory; causing delay.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cunc*ta"tor</hw> (k?nk-t?"t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L., lit., a delayer; -- applied as a surname to Q. Fabius
Maximus.] <def>One who delays or lingers.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Cunc*tip"o*tent</hw> (k?nk-t?p"?-t<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cunctipotens</i>; <i>cunctus</i> all
+ <i>potens</i> powerful.] <def>All-powerful; omnipotent.</def>
[R] "God <i>cunctipotent</i>."  <i>Neale (Trans. Rhythm of St.
Bernard).</i></p>

<p><hw>Cund</hw> (k&ubreve;nd), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cond</u>.] <def>To con (a ship).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cun`du*ran"go</hw> (k?n`d?-r?n"g?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The bark of a South American vine
(<i>Gonolobus Condurango</i>) of the Milkweed family. It has been
supposed, but erroneously, to be a cure for cancer.</def>
[Written also <i>condurango</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cu"ne*al</hw> (k?"n?-a]/>l), [L. <i>cuneus</i> a wege. See
<u>Coin</u>.] <def>Relating to a wedge; wedge-shaped.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cu"ne*ate</hw> (k?"n?-?t), <hw>Cu"ne*a`ted</hw> (-
?`tEd), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cuneatus</i>, fr.
<i>cuneus</i> a wege See<u>Coin</u>.] <def>Wedge-shaped</def>;
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <def>wedge-shaped, with the point at the base; as,
a <i>cuneate</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu`ne*at"ic</hw> (k?`n?-?t"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cuneiform.</def> "<i>Cuneatic</i> decipherment."
<i>Sayce.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cu*ne"i*form</hw> (k?-n?"?-f?rm), <hw>Cu"ni*form</hw>
(k?"n?-f?rm), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cuneus</i> a wedge +
<i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>cunei-forme</i>. See <u>Coin</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wedge-shaped; as, a <i>cuneiform</i>
bone; -- especially applied to the wedge-shaped or arrowheaded
characters of ancient Persian and Assyrian inscriptions. See
<u>Arrowheaded</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or versed in, the
ancient wedge-shaped characters, or the inscriptions in
them.</def> "A <i>cuneiform</i> scholar."  <i>Rawlinson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cu*ne"i*form</hw>, <hw>Cu"ni*form</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The wedge-shaped
characters used in ancient Persian and Assyrian
inscriptions.</def>  <i>I. Taylor (The Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the three tarsal bones supporting the first, second third
metatarsals. They are usually designated as external, middle, and
internal, or <i>ectocuniform</i>, <i>mesocuniform</i>, and
<i>entocuniform</i>, respectively.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the carpal bones usually articulating with the ulna;
-- called also <i>pyramidal</i> and <i>ulnare</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cu*nette"</hw> (k&usl;*n&ebreve;t"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A drain trench, in
a ditch or moat; -- called also <i>cuvette</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cun"ner</hw> (k?n"n?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Conner</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
small edible fish of the Atlantic coast (<i>Ctenolabrus
adspersus</i>); -- called also <i>chogset</i>, <i>burgall</i>,
<i>blue perch</i>, and <i>bait stealer</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>conner</i>.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small shellfish; the
limpet or patella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cun"ning</hw> (k&ubreve;n"n&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cunnan</i> to know, to be able. See
1st <u>Con</u>, <u>Can</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Knowing;
skillful; dexterous.</def> "A <i>cunning</i> workman."  <i> Ex.
xxxviii. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"Tis beauty truly blent, whose red and white<BR>
Nature's own sweet and <i>cunning</i> hand laid on.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Esau was a <i>cunning</i> hunter.<BR>
<i>Gen xxv. 27.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wrought with, or exhibiting, skill or
ingenuity; ingenious; curious; as, <i>cunning</i> work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Over them Arachne high did lift</blockquote>
<blockquote>Her <i>cunning</i> web.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Crafty; sly; artful; designing;
deceitful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are resolved to be <i>cunning</i>; let others
run the hazard of being sincere.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pretty or pleasing; as, a
<i>cunning</i> little boy.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]
<i>Barlett.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Cunning</u>, <u>Artful</u>, <u>Sly</u>,
<u>Wily</u>, <u>Crafty</u>. -- These epithets agree in expressing
an aptitude for attaining some end by peculiar and secret means.
<i>Cunning</i> is usually low; as, a <i>cunning</i> trick.
<i>Artful</i> is more ingenious and inventive; as, an
<i>artful</i> device. <i>Sly</i> implies a turn for what is
double or concealed; as, <i>sly</i> humor; a <i>sly</i> evasion.
<i>Crafty</i> denotes a talent for dexterously deceiving; as, a
<i>crafty</i> manager. <i>Wily</i> describes a talent for the use
of stratagems; as, a <i>wily</i> politician. "A<i>cunning</i> man
often shows his dexterity in simply concealing. An <i>artful</i>
man goes further, and exerts his ingenuity in misleading. A
<i>crafty</i> man mingles cunning with art, and so shapes his
actions as to lull suspicions. The young may be <i>cunning</i>,
but the experienced only can be <i>crafty</i>. <i>Slyness</i> is
a vulgar kind of cunning; the <i>sly</i> man goes cautiously and
silently to work. <i>Wiliness</i> is a species of cunning or
craft applicable only to cases of attack and defense."
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cun"ning</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cunnung</i>
trial, or Icel. <i>kunnandi</i> knowledge. See <u>Cunning</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Knowledge; art;
skill; dexterity.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let my right hand forget her <i>cunning</i>.<BR>
<i>Ps. cxxxvii. 5.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A carpenter's desert<BR>
Stands more in <i>cunning</i> than in power.<BR>
<i>Chapman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The faculty or act of using stratagem
to accomplish a purpose; fraudulent skill or dexterity; deceit;
craft.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Discourage <i>cunning</i> in a child;
<i>cunning</i> is the ape of wisdom.<BR>
<i>Locke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>We take <i>cunning</i> for a sinister or crooked
wisdom.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cun"ning*ly</hw> (k?n"n?ng-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a cunning manner; with cunning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cun"ning*man`</hw> (-m?n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
fortune teller; one who pretends to reveal mysteries.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cun"ning*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being cunning; craft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cup</hw> (k&ubreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cuppe</i>, LL. <i>cuppa</i> cup; cf. L. <i>cupa</i> tub, cask;
cf. also Gr. <grk>ky`ph</grk> hut, Skr. <i>k&umacr;pa</i> pit,
hollow, OSlav.  <i>kupa</i> cup. Cf. <u>Coop</u>, <u>Cupola</u>,
<u>Cowl</u> a water vessel, and <u>Cob</u>, <u>Coif</u>,
<u>Cop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small vessel, used
commonly to drink from; as, a tin <i>cup</i>, a silver
<i>cup</i>, a wine <i>cup</i>; especially, in modern times, the
pottery or porcelain vessel, commonly with a handle, used with a
saucer in drinking tea, coffee, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The contents of such a vessel; a
cupful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me a <i>cup</i> of sack, boy.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Repeated potations; social
or excessive indulgence in intoxicating drinks;
revelry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thence from <i>cups</i> to civil broils.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is to be received or
indured; that which is allotted to one; a portion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O my Father, if it be possible, let this
<i>cup</i> pass from me.<BR>
<i>Matt. xxvi. 39.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Anything shaped like a cup; as, the
<i>cup</i> of an acorn, or of a flower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cowslip's golden <i>cup</i> no more I see.<BR>
<i>Shenstone.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cupping glass or other
vessel or instrument used to produce the vacuum in
cupping.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cup and ball</b></col>, <cd>a familiar toy of
children, having a cup on the top of a piece of wood to which, a
ball is attached by a cord; the ball, being thrown up, is to be
caught in the cup; bilboquet.</cd> <i>Milman.</i> -- <col><b>Cup
and can</b></col>, <cd>familiar companions.</cd> -- <col><b>Dry
cup</b></col>, <col><b>Wet cup</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a cup
used for <i>dry</i> or <i>wet cupping</i>. See under
<u>Cupping</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To be in one's cups</b></col>,
<cd>to be drunk.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cup</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cupped</u> (k&ubreve;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cupping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To supply
with cups of wine.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Cup</i> us, till the world go round.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>To apply a cupping
apparatus to; to subject to the operation of cupping. See
<u>Cupping</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To make concave or in
the form of a cup; as, to <i>cup</i> the end of a
screw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cup"bear`er</hw> (-b&acirc;r`&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One whose office it
is to fill and hand the cups at an entertainment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>One of the attendants
of a prince or noble, permanently charged with the performance of
this office for his master.</def> "I was the king's
<i>cupbearer</i>."  <i>Neh. i. 11.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cup"board</hw> (k&ubreve;b"b&etilde;rd),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cup + <i>board</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A board or shelf for cups and dishes.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small closet in a room, with shelves
to receive cups, dishes, food, etc.; hence, any small
closet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cupboard love</b></col>, <cd>interested love, or that
which has an eye to the cupboard.</cd>  "A <i>cupboard love</i>
is seldom true." <i>Poor Robin.</i> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To cry
cupboard</b></col>, <cd>to call for food; to express hunger.</cd>
[Colloq.] "My stomach cries cupboard." <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cup"board</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To collect,
as into a cupboard; to hoard.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cu"pel</hw> (k&umacr;"p&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>cupella</i> cup (cf. L. <i>cupella</i>, small cask, dim.
of <i>cupa</i>) : cf. F. <i>coupelle</i>. See <u>Cup</u>, and cf.
<u>Coblet</u>.] <def>A shallow porous cup, used in refining
precious metals, commonly made of bone ashes (phosphate of
lime).</def> [Written also <i>coppel</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Cupel dust</b></col>, <cd>powder used in purifying
metals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cu*pel"</hw> (k&usl;*p&ebreve;l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cupelled</u> (-p?ld");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cupelling</u>.] <def>To
refine by means of a cupel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu`pel*la"tion</hw>
(k&umacr;`p&ebreve;l*l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Cupel</u>.] <def>The act or process of refining gold or
silver, etc., in a cupel.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The process consist in exposing the cupel containing
the metal to be assayed or refined to a hot blast, by which the
lead, copper, tin, etc., are oxidized, dissolved, and carried
down into the porous cupel, leaving the unoxidizable precious
metal. If lead is not already present in the alloy it must be
added before cupellation.</p>

<p><hw>Cup"ful</hw> (k?p"f?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cupfuls</b></plw> (-f&?;lz). <def>As much as a cup will
hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cup"-gall`</hw> (-g?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind
of oak-leaf gall. See <u>Gall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"pid</hw> (k?"p?d), <pos><i>n .</i></pos> [L.
<i>Cupido</i>, fr. <i>cupido</i> desire, desire of love, fr.
<i>cupidus</i>. See <u>Cupidity</u>.] <i>(Rom. Myth.)</i>
<def>The god of love, son of Venus; usually represented as a
naked, winged boy with bow and arrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pretty dimpled boys, like smiling
<i>cupids</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cu*pid"i*ty</hw> (k?-p?d"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cupidite</i>, L. <i>cupiditas</i>, fr. <i>cupidus</i> longing,
desiring, fr. <i>cupere</i> to long for, desire. See
<u>Covet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A passionate desire;
love.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Eager or inordinate desire, especially
for wealth; greed of gain; avarice; covetousness</def>.</p>

<p><blockquote>With the feelings of political distrust were
mingled those of <i>cupidity</i> and envy, as the Spaniard saw
the fairest provinces of the south still in the hands of the
accursed race of Ishmael.<BR>
<i>Prescott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cup"-moss`</hw> (k?p"m?s`; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of lichen, of the genus
<i>Cladonia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"po*la</hw> (k?"p?-l?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cupolas</b></plw> (-l&?;z). [It. <i>cupola</i>, LL.
<i>cupula</i>, <i>cuppula</i> (cf. L. <i>cupula</i> little tub).
fr. <i>cupa</i>, <i>cuppa</i>, cup; cf. L. <i>cupa</i> tub. So
called on account of its resemblance to a cup turned over. See
<u>Cup</u>, and cf. <u>Cupule</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A roof having a rounded form, hemispherical
or nearly so; also, a ceiling having the same form. When on a
large scale it is usually called <i>dome</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small structure standing on the top
of a dome; a lantern.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A furnace for melting iron or other
metals in large quantity, -- used chiefly in foundries and steel
works.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A revolving shot-proof turret for
heavy ordnance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The top of the spire of
the cochlea of the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cup"per</hw> (k&ubreve;p"p&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Fropm <i>cup</i>.] <def>One who performs the operation of
cupping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cup"ping</hw> (k?p"p?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The operation of drawing blood to or from the
surface of the person by forming a partial vacuum over the spot.
Also, sometimes, a similar operation for drawing pus from an
abscess.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cupping glass</b></col>, <cd>a glass cup in which a
partial vacuum is produced by heat, in the process of
cupping.</cd> -- <col><b>Dry cupping</b></col>, <cd>the
application of a cupping instrument without scarification, to
draw blood to the surface, produce counter irritation, etc.</cd>
-- <col><b>Wet cupping</b></col>, <cd>the operation of drawing
blood by the application of a cupping instrument after
scarification.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cu"pre*ous</hw> (k?"pr?-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cupreus</i>, fr.  <i>cuprum</i>.] <def>Consisting of copper or
resembling copper; coppery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"pric</hw> (k?"pr?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cuprum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or derived
from, copper; containing copper; -- said of those compounds of
copper in which this element is present in its lowest
proportion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*prif"er*ous</hw> (k?-pr?f"?r-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cuprum</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Containing copper; as,
<i>cupriferous</i> silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"prite</hw> (k?"pr?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>The red oxide of copper; red copper; an
important ore of copper, occurring massive and in isometric
crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"proid</hw> (k?"proid), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cuprum</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Crystalloq.)</i> <def>A solid
related to a tetrahedron, and contained under twelve equal
triangles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cup"-rose</hw> (k?p"r?z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Red
poppy. See <u>Cop-rose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"prous</hw> (k?"pr?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cuprum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or derived
from, copper; containing copper; -- said of those compounds of
copper in which this element is present in its highest
proportion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cu"prum</hw> (k?"pr?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"pu*late</hw> (k?"p?-l?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having or bearing cupules; cupuliferous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"pule</hw> (k?"p?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cupola</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cuplet or
little cup, as of the acorn; the husk or bur of the filbert,
chestnut, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sucker or
acetabulum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu`pu*lif"er*ous</hw> (k?`p?-l?f"?r-?s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cupule</i> + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F.
<i>cupulif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling,
the family of plants of which the oak and the chestnut are
examples, -- trees bearing a smooth, solid nut inclosed in some
kind of cup or bur; bearing, or furnished with, a
cupule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur</hw> (k&ucirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>curre</i>, <i>kur</i>; cf. dial. Sw. <i>kurre</i> dog, OD.
<i>korre</i> watchdog, and Icel. <i>kurra</i> to murmur, grumble,
Sw. <i>kurra</i> to rumble, croak, Dan. <i>kurre</i> to coo,
whirr; prob. of imitative origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
mongrel or inferior dog.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . like to village <i>curs</i>,<BR>
Bark when their fellows do.<BR>
<i> Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A worthless, snarling fellow; -- used
in contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What would you have, you <i>curs</i>,<BR>
That like nor peace nor war?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cur`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (k?r`?-b?l"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being curable; curableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"a*ble</hw> (k?r"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>curable</i>. See <u>Cure</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Capable of being cured; admitting remedy.</def>
"<i>Curable</i> diseases." <i>Harvey.</i> --
<wf>Cur"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cur`a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cu`ra*&ccedil;ao"</hw>, <hw>Cu`ra*&ccedil;oa"</hw>, }
(k??`r?-s?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A liqueur, or cordial,
flavored with orange peel, cinnamon, and mace; -- first made at
the island of <i>Cura&ccedil;cao</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"ra*cy</hw> (k?"r?-s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Curacies</b></plw> (-s&?;z). [See <u>Cure</u>,
<u>Curate</u>.] <def>The office or employment of a
curate.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cu*ra"re</hw> <hw>Cu*ra"ri</hw> } (k?-r?"r?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name. Cf. <u>Wourall</u>.] <def>A
black resinoid extract prepared by the South American Indians
from the bark of several species of <i>Strychnos</i> (<i>S.
toxifera</i>, etc.). It sometimes has little effect when taken
internally, but is quickly fatal when introduced into the blood,
and used by the Indians as an arrow poison.</def> [Written also
<i>urari</i>, <i>woorali</i>, <i>woorari</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Cu"ra*rine</hw> (k?"r?-r?n or k?-r?"r?n; 104),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A deadly alkaloid
extracted from the curare poison and from the <i>Strychnos
toxifera</i>. It is obtained in crystalline colorless
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"ra*rize</hw> (-r?z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
poison with curare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*ras"sow</hw> (k?-r?s"s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native
name in Brazil.] <i>(Zool.)</i> <def>A large gallinaceous bird of
the American genera <i>Crax</i>, <i>Ourax</i>, etc., of the
family <i>Cracid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The crested curassow (<i>Crax alector</i>) is black,
and about the size of a small hen-turkey, with an erectile crest
of curled feathers. It ranges from Mexico to Brazil. The galeated
curassow or cushew bird (<i>Ourax Pauxi</i>) is similar in size,
and has a large, hollow, blue, pear-shaped protuberance on the
head.</p>

<p><hw>Cu"rat</hw> (k?"r?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See<u>Cuirass</u>.] <def>A cuirass or breastplate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 357 !></p>

<p><hw>Cu"rate</hw> (k?"r?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>curatus</i>, prop., one who is charged with the care (L.
<i>cura</i>) of souls. See <u>Cure</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Cur&eacute;</u>] <def>One who has the cure of souls;
originally, any clergyman, but now usually limited to one who
assists a rector or vicar.</def>  <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All this the good old man performed alone,<BR>
He spared no pains, for <i>curate</i> he had none.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cu"rate*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
curacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*ra"tion</hw> (k?-r?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
OF. <i>curacion</i>.] <def>Cure; healing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur"a*tive</hw> (k?r"?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>curatif</i>. See <u>Cure</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Relating to, or employed in, the cure of diseases; tending
to cure.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cu*ra"tor</hw> (k?-r?"t?r). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>curare</i> to take care of, fr. <i>cura</i> care.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who has the care and superintendence
of anything, as of a museum; a custodian; a keeper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One appointed to act as guardian of
the estate of a person not legally competent to manage it, or of
an absentee; a trustee; a guardian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*ra"tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
of a curator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*ra"trix</hw> (-tr?ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman who cures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman who is a guardian or
custodian.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Curb</hw> (k?rb), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Curbed</u> (k?rbd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Curbing</u>.] [F. <i>courber</i> to bend, curve,
L. <i>curvare</i>, fr. <i>curvus</i> bent, curved; cf. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; curved. Cf. <u>Curve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bend or curve</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Crooked and <i>curbed</i> lines.<BR>
<i>Holland.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To guide and manage, or restrain, as
with a curb; to bend to one's will; to subject; to subdue; to
restrain; to confine; to keep in check.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Part wield their arms, part <i>curb</i> the
foaming steed.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Where pinching want must <i>curb</i>thy warm
desires.<BR>
<i>Prior.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish wich a curb, as a well;
also, to restrain by a curb, as a bank of earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curb</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bend; to
crouch; to cringe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Virtue itself of vice must pardon beg,<BR>
Yea, <i>curb</i> and woo for leave to do him good.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Curb</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which curbs, restrains, or subdues; a check or
hindrance; esp., a chain or strap attached to the upper part of
the branches of a bit, and capable of being drawn tightly against
the lower jaw of the horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that before ran in the pastures wild<BR>
Felt the stiff <i>curb</i> control his angry jaws.<BR>
<i>Drayton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>By these men</i>, <i>religion</i>,<i>that
should be</i><BR>
The <i>curb</i>, is made the spur of tyranny.<BR>
<i>Denham.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An assemblage of three
or more pieces of timber, or a metal member, forming a frame
around an opening, and serving to maintain the integrity of that
opening; also, a ring of stone serving a similar purpose, as at
the eye of a dome.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A frame or wall round the mouth of a
well; also, a frame within a well to prevent the earth caving
in.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A curbstone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A swelling on the back
part of the hind leg of a horse, just behind the lowest part of
the hock joint, generally causing lameness.</def>  <i>James
Law.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Curb bit</b></col>, <cd>a stiff bit having branches by
which a leverage is obtained upon the jaws of horse.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Curb pins</b></col> <i>(Horology)</i>,
<cd>the pins on the regulator which restrain the hairspring.</cd>
-- <col><b>Curb plate</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a plate
serving the purpose of a curb.</cd> -- <col><b>Deck
curb</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Deck</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Curb"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no curb
or restraint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curb" roof`</hw> (r??f`). <def>A roof having a double
slope, or composed, on each side, of two parts which have unequal
inclination; a gambrel roof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curb"stone`</hw> (k&ucirc;rb"st&omacr;n`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone set along a margin as a limit
and protection, as along the edge of a sidewalk next the roadway;
an edge stone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Curbstone broker</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Broker</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Curch</hw> (k??rch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Courche</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur*cu"li*o</hw> (k?r-r?"l?-?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Curculios</b></plw> (-&?;z). [L., a grain
weevil.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a large group of beetles
(<i>Rhynchophora</i>) of many genera; -- called also
<i>weevils</i>, <i>snout beetles</i>, <i>billbeetles</i>, and
<i>billbugs</i>. Many of the species are very destructive, as the
plum curculio, the corn, grain, and rice weevils, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur`cu*li*on"i*dous</hw> (k?r`-k?-l?-?n"?-d?s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
<i>Curculionide&aelig;</i>, or weevil tribe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cur"cu*ma</hw> (k?r"k?-m?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F., It., &amp; Sp. <i>curcuma</i>; all fr. Ar. <i>kurkum</i>. Cf.
<u>Turmeric</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants of the
order <i>Scitamine&aelig;</i>, including the turmeric plant
(<i>Curcuma longa</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Curcuma paper</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Turmeric paper</i>, under <u>Turmeric</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cur"cu*min</hw> (-m?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The coloring principle of turmeric, or
curcuma root, extracted as an orange yellow crystalline
substance, C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>14</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, with a
green fluorescence.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It possesses acid properties and with alkalies forms
brownish salts. This change in color from yellow to brown is the
characteristic reaction of tumeric paper. See <i>Turmeric
paper</i>, under <u>Turmeric</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Curd</hw> (k&ucirc;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Celtic
origin; cf. Gael. <i>gruth</i>, Ir, <i>gruth</i>, <i>cruth</i>,
curd, <i>cruthaim</i> I milk.] [Sometimes written <i>crud</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The coagulated or thickened part of milk,
as distinguished from the whey, or watery part. It is eaten as
food, especially when made into cheese.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Curds</i> and cream, the flower of country
fare.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The coagulated part of any
liquid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The edible flower head of certain
brassicaceous plants, as the broccoli and cauliflower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Broccoli should be cut while the <i>curd</i>, as
the flowering mass is termed, is entire.<BR>
<i>R. Thompson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Cauliflowers should be cut for use while the head,
or <i>curd</i>, is still close and compact.<BR>
<i>F. Burr.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Curd</hw> (k?rd), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Curded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Curding</u>.] <def>To cause to coagulate or thicken; to cause
to congeal; to curdle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Does it <i>curd</i> thy blood<BR>
To say I am thy mother?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Curd</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
coagulated or thickened; to separate into curds and whey</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Curd"i*ness</hw> (-?-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being curdy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"dle</hw> (k?r"d'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From
<u>Curd</u>.] [Sometimes written <i>crudle</i> and
<i>cruddle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To change into curd; to
coagulate; as, rennet causes milk to <i>curdle</i>.</def>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thicken; to congeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then Mary could feel her heart's blood
<i>curdle</i> cold.<BR>
<i>Southey.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cur"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Curdled</u> (-d'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Curdling</u> (-dl?ng).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To change into curd; to cause to coagulate.</def> "To
<i>curdle</i> whites of eggs"  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To congeal or thicken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My chill blood is <i>curdled</i> in my veins.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Curd"less</hw> (k?rd"l?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Destitute of curd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curd"y</hw> (k?rd"?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like curd;
full of curd; coagulated.</def> "A <i>curdy</i> mass."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cure</hw>> (k&umacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF,
<i>cure</i> care, F., also, cure, healing, cure of souls, L.
<i>cura</i> care, medical attendance, cure; perh. akin to
<i>cavere</i> to pay heed, E. <i>cution</i>. <i>Cure</i> is not
related to <i>care</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Care, heed, or
attention.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of study took he most <i>cure</i> and most
heed.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Vicarages of great<i>cure</i>, but small
value.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spiritual charge; care of soul; the
office of a parish priest or of a curate; hence, that which is
committed to the charge of a parish priest or of a curate; a
curacy; as, to resign a <i>cure</i>; to obtain a
<i>cure</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The appropriator was the incumbent parson, and had
the <i>cure</i> of the souls of the parishioners.<BR>
<i>Spelman.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Medical or hygienic care; remedial
treatment of disease; a method of medical treatment; as, to use
the water <i>cure</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Act of healing or state of being
healed; restoration to health from disease, or to soundness after
injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Past hope! past<i>cure</i>! past help.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>I do <i>cures</i> to-day and to-morrow.<BR>
<i>Luke xii. 32.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Means of the removal of disease or
evil; that which heals; a remedy; a restorative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cold, hunger, prisons, ills without a
<i>cure</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The proper <i>cure</i> of such prejudices.<BR>
<i>Bp. Hurd.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cure</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cured</u> (k&umacr;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Curing</u>.] [OF. <i>curer</i> to take care, to
heal, F., only, to cleanse, L. <i>curare</i> to take care, to
heal, fr.  <i>cura</i>. See <u>Cure</u>,.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To heal; to restore to health, soundness, or sanity; to make
well; -- said of a patient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The child was <i>cured</i> from that very
hour.<BR>
<i>Matt. xvii. 18.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subdue or remove by remedial means;
to remedy; to remove; to heal; -- said of a malady.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>cure</i> this deadly grief.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Then he called his twelve disciples together, and
gave them power . . . to <i>cure</i> diseases.<BR>
<i>Luke ix. 1.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set free from (something injurious
or blameworthy), as from a bad habit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I never knew any man <i>cured</i> of
inattention.<BR>
<i>Swift.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To prepare for preservation or
permanent keeping; to preserve, as by drying, salting, etc.; as,
to <i>cure</i> beef or fish; to <i>cure</i> hay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cure</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pay heed; to care; to give attention.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To restore health; to effect a
cure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose smile and frown, like to Achilles'
spear,<BR>
Is able with the change to kill and <i>cure</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To become healed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One desperate grief <i>cures</i> with another's
languish.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cu`r&eacute;"</hw> (k&usdot;`r&asl;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL. <i>curatus</i>. See
<u>Curate</u>.] <def>A curate; a pardon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cure"*all`</hw> (k?r"?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
remedy for all diseases, or for all ills; a panacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cure"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
cure; incurable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With patience undergo<BR>
A <i>cureless</i> ill, since fate will have it so.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cur"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who cures; a healer; a physician.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who prepares beef, fish, etc., for
preservation by drying, salting, smoking, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cu*rette"</hw> (k&usdot;*r&ebreve;t"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F., fr. <i>curer</i> to cleanse.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A scoop or ring with either a blunt or a
cutting edge, for removing substances from the walls of a cavity,
as from the eye, ear, or womb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"few</hw> (k&ucirc;r"f&umacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>courfew</i>, <i>curfu</i>, fr. OF. <i>cuevrefu</i>,
<i>covrefeu</i>, F. <i>couvre-feu</i>; <i>covrir</i> to cover +
<i>feu</i> fire, fr. L. <i>focus</i> fireplace, hearth. See
<u>Cover</u>, and <u>Focus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
ringing of an evening bell, originally a signal to the
inhabitants to cover fires, extinguish lights, and retire to
rest, -- instituted by William the Conqueror; also, the bell
itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He begins at <i>curfew</i>, and walks till the
first cock.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The village <i>curfew</i>, as it tolled
profound.<BR>
<i>Campbell.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A utensil for covering the fire.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For pans, pots, <i>curfews</i>, counters and the
like.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cu"ri*a</hw> (k?"r?-?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Curle</b></plw> (-&?;). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the thirty parts into
which the Roman people were divided by Romulus.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The place of assembly of one of these
divisions.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The place where the
meetings of the senate were held; the senate house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Middle Ages)</i> <def>The court of a
sovereign or of a feudal lord; also; his residence or his
household.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Any court of
justice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The Roman See in its temporal aspects,
including all the machinery of administration; -- called also
<i>curia Romana</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"ri*a*lism</hw>
(k&umacr;"r&ibreve;*&adot;*l&ibreve;?z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The view or doctrine of the ultramontane party in the Latin
Church.</def>  <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cu"ri*a*list</hw> (k?"r?-?-l?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who belongs to the ultramontane party in the Latin
Church.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cu`ri*a*lis"tic</hw> (-l?s"t?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>curialis</i> belonging to the imperial court, fr.
<i>curia</i>, LL., also, counselors and retinue of a king.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to a court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating or belonging to the
ultramontane party in the Latin Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu`ri*al"i*ty</hw> (-?l"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
LL. <i>curialitas</i> courtesy, fr. <i>curialis</i>.] <def>The
privileges, prerogatives, or retinue of a court.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cu"ri*et</hw> (k?"r?-?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cuirass.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur"ing</hw> (k?r"?ng), <def><pos><i>p. a. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> of <u>Cure</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Curing house</b></col>, <cd>a building in which
anything is cured; especially, in the West Indies, a building in
which sugar is drained and dried.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cu"ri*o</hw> (k?"r?-?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Curios</b></plw> (-&?;z). [Abbreviation of
<i>curiosity</i>.] <def>Any curiosity or article of
virtu.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The busy world, which does not hunt poets as
collectors hunt for <i>curios</i>.<BR>
<i>F. Harrison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cu`ri*o*log"ic</hw> (-?-l?j"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kyriologiko`s</grk> speaking literally (applied to
curiologic hieroglyphics); <grk>ky`rios</grk> authoritative,
proper + <grk>lo`gos</grk> word, thought. Cf. <u>Cyriologic</u>.]
<def>Pertaining to a rude kind of hieroglyphics, in which a thing
is represented by its picture instead of by a symbol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu`ri*os"i*ty</hw>
(k&umacr;`r&ibreve;*&obreve;s"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Curiosities</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>curiouste</i>, <i>curiosite</i>, OF.
<i>curioset&eacute;</i>, <i>curiosit&eacute;</i>, F.
<i>curiosit&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>curiositas</i>, fr.
<i>curiosus</i>. See <u>Curious</u>, and cf. <u>Curio</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality or being curious;
nicety; accuracy; exactness; elaboration.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When thou wast in thy gilt and thy perfume, they
mocked thee for too much <i>curiosity</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A screen accurately cut in tapiary work . . . with
great <i>curiosity</i>.<BR>
<i>Evelin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposition to inquire, investigate,
or seek after knowledge; a desire to gratify the mind with new
information or objects of interest; inquisitiveness.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is curious, or fitted to
excite or reward attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We took a ramble together to see the
<i>curiosities</i> of this great town.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>There hath been practiced also a <i>curiosity</i>,
to set a tree upon the north side of a wall, and, at a little
hieght, to draw it through the wall, etc.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cu`ri*o"so</hw> (k??`r?-?"z? or k?`r?-?"s?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Curiosos</b></plw> (-
z&?;z <i>or</i> -s&?;z). [It. See <u>Curious</u>.] <def>A
virtuoso.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"ri*ous</hw> (k?"r?-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>curios</i>, <i>curius</i>, F. <i>curieux</i>, L.
<i>curiosus</i> careful, inquisitive, fr. <i>cura</i> care. See
<u>Cure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Difficult to please or
satisfy; solicitous to be correct; careful; scrupulous; nice;
exact.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Little <i>curious</i> in her clothes.<BR>
<i>Fuller.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>How shall we,<BR>
If he be <i>curious</i>, work upon his faith?<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting care or nicety; artfully
constructed; elaborate; wrought with elegance or skill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To devise <i>curious</i> works.<BR>
<i>Ex. xxxv. 32</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His body couched in a <i>curious</i> bed.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Careful or anxious to learn; eager for
knowledge; given to research or inquiry; habitually inquisitive;
prying; -- sometimes with <i>after</i> or <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a pity a gentleman so very <i>curious</i>
after things that were elegant and beautiful should not have been
as <i>curious</i> as to their origin, their uses, and their
natural history.<BR>
<i>Woodward.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Exciting attention or inquiry;
awakening surprise; inviting and rewarding inquisitiveness; not
simple or plain; strange; rare.</def> "A<i>curious</i> tale"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A multitude of <i>curious</i> analogies.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Many a quaint and <i>curious</i> volume of
forgotten lore.<BR>
<i>E. A. Poe.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Abstruse investigations in recondite branches of
learning or sciense often bring to light <i>curious</i>
results.<BR>
<i>C. J. Smith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Curious arts</b></col>, <cd>magic.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many . . . which used <i>curious arts</i> brought
their books together, and burned them.<BR>
<i>Acts xix. 19.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inquisitive; prying. See
<u>Inquisitive</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cu"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
curious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"ri*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Carefulness; painstaking.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My father's care<BR>
With <i>curiousness</i> and cost did train me up.<BR>
<i> Massinger.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being curious; exactness
of workmanship; ingenuity of contrivance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inquisitiveness; curiosity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curl</hw> (k&ucirc;rl), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp;  p. p.</i></pos> <u>Curled</u> (k&ucirc;rld);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Curling</u>.] [Akin to D.
<i>krullen</i>, Dan. <i>kr&ouml;lle</i>, dial. Sw.  <i>krulla</i>
to curl, crisp; possibly akin to E. <i>crook</i>. Cf.
<u>Curl</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Cruller</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To twist or form into ringlets; to crisp,
as the hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>curl</i> their locks with bodkins and with
braid.<BR>
<i>Cascoigne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To twist or make onto coils, as a
serpent's body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of his tortuous train,<BR>
<i>Curled</i> many a wanton wreath in sight of Eve.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deck with, or as with, curls; to
ornament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thicker than the snaky locks<BR>
That <i>curled</i>Meg&aelig;ra.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Curling</i> with metaphors a plain
intention.<BR>
<i>Herbert.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To raise in waves or undulations; to
ripple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seas would be pools without the brushing air<BR>
To <i>curl</i> the waves.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Hat Making)</i> <def>To shape (the
brim) into a curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To contract or bend into curls or ringlets, as hair; to grow
in curls or spirals, as a vine; to be crinkled or contorted; to
have a curly appearance; as, leaves lie <i>curled</i> on the
ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou seest it [hair] will not <i>curl</i> by
nature.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move in curves, spirals, or
undulations; to contract in curving outlines; to bend in a curved
form; to make a curl or curls.</def> "<i>Cirling</i> billows."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then round her slender waist he <i>curled</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Curling</i> smokes from village tops are
seen.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Gayly <i>curl</i> the waves before each dashing
prow.<BR>
<i>Byron.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>He smiled a king of sickly smile, and
<i>curled</i> up on the floor.<BR>
<i>Bret Harte.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To play at the game called
<i>curling</i>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><! p. 358 !></p>

<p><hw>Curl</hw> (k&ucirc;rl), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D.
<i>krul</i>, Dan. <i>kr&ouml;lle</i>. See <u>Curl</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ringlet,
especially of hair; anything of a spiral or winding
form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under a coronet, his flowing hair<BR>
In <i>curls</i> on either cheek played.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An undulating or waving line or streak
in any substance, as wood, glass, etc.; flexure;
sinuosity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the glass of the prisms . . . be without those
numberless waves or <i>curls</i> which usually arise from the
sand holes.<BR>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A disease in potatoes, in which the
leaves, at their first appearance, seem curled and
shrunken.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blue curls</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Blue</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Curled</hw> (k&ucirc;rld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having curls; curly; sinuous; wavy; as, <i>curled</i> maple
(maple having fibers which take a sinuous course).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Curled hair</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>the hair of
the manes and tails of horses, prepared for upholstery
purposes.</cd>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Curl"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being curled; curliness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curl"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, curls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A player at the game called
<i>curling</i>.</def>  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur"lew</hw> (k&ucirc;r"l&umacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>courlieu</i>, <i>corlieu</i>, <i>courlis</i>; perh. of
imitative origin, but cf. OF. <i>corlieus</i> courier; L.
<i>currere</i> to run + <i>levis</i> light.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A wading bird of the genus <i>Numenius</i>, remarkable for
its long, slender, curved bill.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European curlew is <i>N. arquatus</i>. The
long-billed (<i>N. longirostris</i>), the Hudsonian (<i>N.
Hudsonicus</i>), and the Eskimo curlew (<i>N. borealis</i>, are
American species. The name is said to imitate the note of the
European species.</p>

<p><col><b>Curlew Jack</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>the
whimbrel or lesser curlew.</cd> -- <col><b>Curlew
sandpiper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a sandpiper
(<i>Tringa ferruginea, or subarquata</i>), common in Europe, rare
in America, resembling a curlew in having a long, curved bill.
See <i>Illustation</i> in Appendix.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Curl"i*ness</hw> (k?rl"?-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>State of being curly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curl"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or state of that which curls; as, the <i>curling</i>
of smoke when it rises; the <i>curling</i> of a ringlet; also,
the act or process of one who curls something, as hair, or the
brim of hats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A scottish game in which heavy weights
of stone or iron are propelled by hand over the ice towards a
mark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Curling</i> . . . is an amusement of the
winter, and played on the ice, by sliding from one mark to
another great stones of 40 to 70 pounds weight, of a
hemispherical form, with an iron or wooden handle at top. The
object of the player is to lay his stone as near to the mark as
possible, to guard that of his partner, which has been well laid
before, or to strike off that of his antagonist.<BR>
<i>Pennant (Tour in Scotland. 1772).</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Curling irons</b></col>, <col><b>Curling
tong</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for curling the hair; --
commonly heated when used.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Curl"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a curl,
or curls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curl"y</hw> (k?rl"?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Curling or
tending to curl; having curls; full of ripples;
crinkled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curl"y*cue</hw> (k?rl"?-k?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>caracole</i>.] <def>Some thing curled or spiral,, as a
flourish made with a pen on paper, or with skates on the ice; a
trick; a frolicsome caper.</def> [Sometimes written
<i>carlicue</i>.] [ Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>To cut a curlycue</b></col>, <cd>to make a flourish;
to cut a caper.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I gave a flourishing about the room and <i>cut a
curlycue</i> with my right foot.<BR>
<i>McClintock.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cur*mudg"eon</hw> (k?r-m?j"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cornmudgin</i>, where <i>-mudgin</i> is prob. from OF.
<i>muchier</i>, <i>mucier</i>, F. <i>musser</i> to hide; of
uncertain origin; cf. OE. <i>muchares</i> skulking thieves, E.
<i>miche</i>, <i>micher</i>.] <def>An avaricious, grasping
fellow; a miser; a niggard; a churl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gray-headed <i>curmudgeon</i> of a negro.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cur*mudg"eon*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
curmudgeon; niggardly; churlish; as, a <i>curmudgeonly</i>
fellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur*mur"ring</hw> (k?r-m?r"r?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Murmuring; grumbling; -- sometimes applied to the rumbling
produced by a slight attack of the gripes.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Curr</hw> (k?r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Prob.
imitative.] <def>To coo.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The owlets hoot, the owlets <i>curr</i>.<BR>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cur"rant</hw> (k?r"r<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>corinthe</i> (raisins de <i>Corinthe</i> raisins of Corinth)
currant (in sense 1), from the city of <i>Corinth</i> in Greece,
whence, probably, the small dried grape (1) was first imported,
the <i>Ribes</i> fruit (2) receiving the name from its
resemblance to that grape.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small kind of seedless raisin,
imported from the Levant, chiefly from Zante and Cephalonia; --
used in cookery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The acid fruit or berry of the
<i>Ribes rubrum</i> or common red currant, or of its variety, the
white currant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A shrub or bush of
several species of the genus <i>Ribes</i> (a genus also including
the gooseberry); esp., the <i>Ribes rubrum</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black currant</b></col>,<cd>a shrub or bush (<i>Ribes
nigrum</i> and <i>R. floridum</i>) and its black, strong-
flavored, tonic fruit.</cd> -- <col><b>Cherry currant</b></col>,
<cd>a variety of the red currant, having a strong, symmetrical
bush and a very large berry.</cd> -- <col><b>Currant
borer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of an insect
that bores into the pith and kills currant bushes; specif., the
larvae of a small clearwing moth (<i>&AElig;geria
tipuliformis</i>) and a longicorn beetle (<i>Psenocerus
supernotatus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Currant worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an insect larva which eats the leaves or
fruit of the currant. The most injurious are the currant sawfly
(<i>Nematus ventricosus</i>), introduced from Europe, and the
spanworm (<i>Eufitchia ribearia</i>). The fruit worms are the
larva of a fly (<i>Epochra Canadensis</i>), and a spanworm
(<i>Eupithecia</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Flowering currant</b></col>,
<col><b>Missouri currant</b></col>, <cd>a species of <i>Ribes</i>
(<i>R. aureum</i>), having showy yellow flowers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cur"ren*cy</hw> (k?r"r?n-c?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Currencies</b></plw> (-s&?;z). [Cf. LL.
<i>currentia</i> a current, fr. L. <i>currens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>currere</i> to run. See <u>Current</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A continued or uninterrupted course or flow like that of a
stream; as, the <i>currency</i> of time.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being current;
general acceptance or reception; a passing from person to person,
or from hand to hand; circulation; as, a report has had a long or
general <i>currency</i>; the <i>currency</i> of bank
notes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is in circulation, or is
given and taken as having or representing value; as, the
<i>currency</i> of a country; a specie <i>currency</i>; esp.,
government or bank notes circulating as a substitute for metallic
money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fluency; readiness of utterance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Current value; general estimation; the
rate at which anything is generally valued.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . takes greatness of kingdoms according to
their bulk and <i>currency</i>, and not after intrinsic
value.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The bare name of Englishman . . . too often gave a
transient <i>currency</i> to the worthless and ungrateful.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cur"rent</hw> (k?r"r<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>currant</i>, OF. <i>curant</i>, <i>corant</i>, p. pr. of
<i>curre</i>, <i>corre</i>, F.  <i>courre</i>, <i>courir</i>, to
run, from L. <i>currere</i>; perh. akin to E.  <i>horse</i>. Cf.
<u>Course</u>, <u>Concur</u>, <u>Courant</u>, <u>Coranto</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Running or moving rapidly.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like the <i>current</i> fire, that renneth<BR>
Upon a cord.<BR>
<i>Gower.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To chase a creature that was <i>current</i>
then<BR>
In these wild woods, the hart with golden horns.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Now passing, as time; as, the
<i>current</i> month.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Passing from person to person, or from
hand to hand; circulating through the community; generally
received; common; as, a <i>current</i> coin; a <i>current</i>
report; <i>current</i> history.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That there was <i>current</i> money in Abraham's
time is past doubt.<BR>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Your fire-new stamp of honor is scarce
<i>current</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>current</i> value, which is less or more as
men have occasion for him.<BR>
<i>Grew.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Commonly estimated or
acknowledged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fitted for general acceptance or
circulation; authentic; passable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Buckingham, now do I play the touch<BR>
To try if thou be <i>current</i> gold indeed.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Account current</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Account</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Current money</b></col>,
<cd>lawful money.</cd>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur"rent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>courant</i>. See <u>Current</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flowing or passing; onward motion.
Hence: A body of fluid moving continuously in a certain
direction; a stream; esp., the swiftest part of it; as, a
<i>current</i> of water or of air; that which resembles a stream
in motion; as, a <i>current</i> of electricity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two such silver <i>currents</i>, when they
join,<BR>
Do glorify the banks that bound them in.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>The surface of the ocean is furrowed by
<i>currents</i>, whose direction . . . the navigator should
know.<BR>
<i>Nichol.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>General course; ordinary procedure;
progressive and connected movement; as, the <i>current</i> of
time, of events, of opinion, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Current meter</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for
measuring the velocity, force, etc., of currents.</cd> --
<col><b>Current mill</b></col>, <cd>a mill driven by a current
wheel.</cd> -- <col><b>Current wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel
dipping into the water and driven by the current of a stream or
by the ebb and flow of the tide.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stream; course. See <u>Stream</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cur"rent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a current
manner; generally; commonly; as, it is <i>currently</i>
believed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"rent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being current; currency;
circulation; general reception.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Easiness of pronunciation;
fluency.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>currentness</i> [combineth] with
staidness, how can the language . . . sound other than most full
of sweetness?<BR>
<i>Camden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cur"ri*cle</hw> (k?r"r?-k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>curriculum</i> a running, a race course, fr. <i>currere</i> to
run. See <u>Current</u>, and cf. <u>Curriculum</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small or short course.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon a <i>curricle</i> in this world depends a
long course of the next.<BR>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A two-wheeled chaise drawn by two
horses abreast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur*ric"u*lum</hw> (k?r-r?k"?-l?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Curriculums</b></plw>  (-l&?;mz), L.
<plw><b>Curricula</b></plw> (-l&?;). [L. See
<u>Curricle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A race course; a place for
running.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A course; particularly, a specified
fixed course of study, as in a university.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"rie</hw> (k?r"r?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
2d &amp; 3d <u>Curry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"ried</hw> (-r&?;d), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Curry</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and <u>Curry</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dressed by currying; cleaned;
prepared.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Prepared with curry; as,
<i>curried</i> rice, fowl, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"ri*er</hw> (k?"r?-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 1st
<u>Curry</u>.] <def>One who curries and dresses leather, after it
is tanned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"rish</hw> (k?r"r?sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Cur</u>.] <def>Having the qualities, or exhibiting the
characteristics, of a cur; snarling; quarrelsome; snappish;
churlish; hence, also malicious; malignant; brutal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>currish</i> spirit<BR>
Governed a wolf.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>currish</i> plot, -- some trick.<BR>
<i>Lockhart.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <wf>Cur"rish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Cur"rish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cur"ry</hw> (k?r"r?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Curried</u> (-r?d); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Currying</u>.] [OE. <i>curraien</i>,
<i>curreien</i>, OF. <i>cunreer</i>, <i>correier</i>, to prepare,
arrange, furnish, curry (a horse), F. <i>corroyer</i> to curry
(leather) (cf. OF. <i>conrei</i>, <i>conroi</i>, order,
arrangement, LL. <i>conredium</i>); <i>cor-</i> (L. <i>com-</i>)
+ <i>roi</i>, <i>rei</i>, arrangement, order; prob. of German
origin, and akin to E. <i>ready</i>. See <u>Ready</u>,
<u>Greith</u>, and cf. <u>Corody</u>, <u>Array</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dress or prepare for use by a process
of scraping, cleansing, beating, smoothing, and coloring; -- said
of leather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dress the hair or coat of (a horse,
ox, or the like) with a currycomb and brush; to comb, as a horse,
in order to make clean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your short horse is soon <i>curried</i>.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; FL.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To beat or bruise; to drub; -- said of
persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have seen him <i>curry</i> a fellow's carcass
handsomely.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; FL.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To curry favor</b></col>, <cd>to seek to gain favor by
flattery or attentions. See <u>Favor</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Cur"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Tamil <i>kari</i>.]
[Written also <i>currie</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A kind of sauce much
used in India, containing garlic, pepper, ginger, and other
strong spices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stew of fowl, fish, or game, cooked
with curry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Curry powder</b></col> <i>(Cookery)</i>, <cd>a
condiment used for making curry, formed of various materials,
including strong spices, as pepper, ginger, garlic, coriander
seed, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cur"ry</hw> (k?r"r?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
flavor or cook with curry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"ry*comb`</hw> (k?r"r?-k?m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A kind of card or comb having rows of metallic teeth or
serrated ridges, used in currying a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"ry*comb`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To comb
with a currycomb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curse</hw> (k?rs), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cursed</u> (k?rst) or <u>Curst</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cursing</u>.] [AS. <i>cursian</i>,
<i>corsian</i>, perh. of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. <i>korse</i> to
make the sign of the cross, Sw. <i>korsa</i>, fr. Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>kors</i> cross, Icel <i>kross</i>, all these Scand. words
coming fr. OF.  <i>crois</i>, <i>croiz</i>, fr. L. <i>crux</i>
cross. Cf. <u>Cross</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To call upon
divine or supernatural power to send injury upon; to imprecate
evil upon; to execrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not . . . <i>curse</i> the ruler of thy
people.<BR>
<i>Ex. xxii. 28.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere sunset I'll make thee <i>curse</i> the
deed.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring great evil upon; to be the
cause of serious harm or unhappiness to; to furnish with that
which will be a cause of deep trouble; to afflict or injure
grievously; to harass or torment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On impious realms and barbarous kings impose<BR>
Thy plagues, and <i>curse</i> 'em with such sons as those.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To curse by bell, book, and candle</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Bell</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Curse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter
imprecations or curses; to affirm or deny with imprecations; to
swear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then began he to <i>curse</i> and to swear.<BR>
<i>Matt. xxi. 74.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>His spirits hear me,<BR>
And yet I need must <i>curse</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Curse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>curs</i>. See
<u>Curse</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
invocation of, or prayer for, harm or injury;
malediction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lady, you know no rules of charity,<BR>
Which renders good for bad, blessings for <i>curses</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evil pronounced or invoked upon
another, solemnly, or in passion; subjection to, or sentence of,
divine condemnation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> The priest shall write these <i>curses</i> in a
book.<BR>
<i>Num. v. 23.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Curses</i>, like chickens, come home to
roost.<BR>
<i>Old Proverb.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The cause of great harm, evil, or
misfortune; that which brings evil or severe affliction;
torment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The common <i>curse</i> of mankind, folly and
ignorance.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>All that I eat, or drink, or shall beget,<BR>
Is propagated <i>curse</i>.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>The curse of Scotland</b></col> <i>(Card Playing)</i>,
<cd>the nine of diamonds.</cd> -- <col><b>Not worth a
curse</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cress</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Malediction; imprecation; execration. See
<u>Malediction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Curs"ed</hw> (k?rs"?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Deserving a curse; execrable; hateful; detestable;
abominable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us fly this <i>cursed</i> place.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>cursed</i> quarrel be no more renewed.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Curs"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a cursed
manner; miserably; in a manner to be detested; enormously.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Curs"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being under a curse or of being doomed to
execration or to evil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wickedness; sin; cursing.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Shrewishness.</def> "My wife's
<i>cursedness</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Curs"er</hw> (k?rs"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
curses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"ship</hw> (k?r"sh?p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cur</i>
+<i>-ship</i>.] <def>The state of being a cur; one who is
currish.</def> [Jocose]</p>

<p><blockquote>How durst he, I say, oppose thy
<i>curship</i>!<BR>
<i>Hudibras.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cur"si*ta`ting</hw> (k?r"s?-t?`t?ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Cursitor</u>.] <def>Moving about slightly.</def> [R.]
<i>H. Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur"si*tor</hw> (k?r"s?-t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>cursitor</i>, equiv. to L. <i>cursor</i>, fr. <i>cursare</i>
to run hither and thither, fr. <i>currere</i> to run. See
<u>Current</u>, and cf. <u>Cursor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
courier or runner.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Cursitors</i> to and fro."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng.Law)</i> <def>An officer in the
Court of Chancery, whose business is to make out original
writs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"sive</hw> (k?r"s?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>cursivus</i>: cf. F. <i>cursif</i> See <u>Cursitor</u>.]
<def>Running; flowing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cursive hand</b></col>,<cd>a running
handwriting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cur"sive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A character used in cursive writing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A manuscript, especially of the New
Testament, written in small, connected characters or in a running
hand; -- opposed to <i>uncial</i>.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur"sor</hw> (k?r"s?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
runner. See <u>Cursitor</u>.] <def>Any part of a mathematical
instrument that moves or slides backward and forward upon another
part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"so*ra*ry</hw> (-s?-r?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cursory; hasty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With a <i>cursorary</i> eye o'erglanced the
articles.<BR>
 <i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cur*so"res</hw> (k?r-s?"rEz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[L. <i>cursor</i>, pl. <i>cursores</i>, a runner.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An order of running
birds including the ostrich, emu, and allies; the
Ratita&aelig;.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A group of running
spiders; the wolf spiders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur*so"ri*al</hw> (k?r-s?"r?-<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Adapted to running or walking, and not to prehension; as,
the limbs of the horse are <i>cursorial</i>. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Aves</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining
to the <i>Cursores</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"so*ri*ly</hw> (k?r"s?-r?-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a running or hasty manner; carelessly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"so*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being cursory; superficial performance; as, <i>cursoriness</i>
of view.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"so*ry</hw> (k?r"s?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cursorius</i>, fr. <i>cursor</i>. See <u>Cursor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Running about; not stationary.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by haste; hastily or
superficially performed; slight; superficial; careless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Events far too important to be treated in a
<i>cursory</i> manner.<BR>
<i>Hallam.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Curst</hw> (k?rst), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Curse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curst</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See<u>Curse</u>.]
<def>Froward; malignant; mischievous; malicious; snarling.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though his mind<BR>
 Be ne'er so <i>curst</i>, his tonque is kind.<BR>
<i>Crashaw.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Curst"ful*ly</hw> (-f&usdot;l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Peevishly; vexatiously;
detestably.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Curstfully</i> mad."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><! p. 359 !></p>

<p><hw>Curst"ness</hw> (k&ucirc;rst"n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Peevishness; malignity; frowardness;
crabbedness; surliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Curt</hw> (k&ubreve;rt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>curtus</i>; cf. Skr. <i>kart</i> to cut. Cf. <u>Curtail</u>.]
<def>Characterized by excessive brevity; short; rudely concise;
as, <i>curt</i> limits; a <i>curt</i> answer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>curt</i>, yet comprehensive reply.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cur*tail"</hw> (k&ubreve;r*t&amacr;l"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Curtailed</u> (-
t&amacr;ld"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Curtailing</u>.] [See <u>Curtal</u>.] <def>To cut off the end
or tail, or any part, of; to shorten; to abridge; to diminish; to
reduce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I, that am <i>curtailed</i> of this fair
proportion.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Our incomes have been <i>curtailed</i>; his salary
has been doubled.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cur"tail</hw> (k?r"t?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
scroll termination of any architectural member, as of a step,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"tail dog`</hw> (d&obreve;g`; 115). <def>A dog with a
docked tail; formerly, the dog of a person not qualified to
course, which, by the forest laws, must have its tail cut short,
partly as a mark, and partly from a notion that the tail is
necessary to a dog in running; hence, a dog not fit for
sporting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hope is a <i>curtail dog</i> in some affairs.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cur*tail"er</hw> (k&ubreve;r*t&amacr;l"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who curtails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur*tail"ment</hw> (k?r-t?l"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or result of curtailing or
cutting off.</def>  <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur"tain</hw> (k?r"t?n; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cortin</i>, <i>curtin</i>,fr. OF. <i>cortine</i>,
<i>curtine</i>, F. <i>courtine</i>, LL. <i>cortina</i>, curtian
(in senses 1 and 2), also, small court, small inclosure
surrounded by walls, from <i>cortis</i> court. See
<u>Court</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hanging screen intended to darken or
conceal, and admitting of being drawn back or up, and reclosed at
pleasure; esp., drapery of cloth or lace hanging round a bed or
at a window; in theaters, and like places, a movable screen for
concealing the stage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>That part of the
rampart and parapet which is between two bastions or two gates.
See <i>Illustrations</i> of <u>Ravelin</u> and
<u>Bastion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>That part of a wall of
a building which is between two pavilions, towers, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A flag; an ensign; -- in
contempt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Behind the curtain</b></col>, <cd>in concealment; in
secret.</cd> -- <col><b>Curtain lecture</b></col>, <cd>a
querulous lecture given by a wife to her husband within the bed
curtains, or in bed.</cd> <i>Jerrold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>curtain lecture</i> is worth all the sermons
in the world for teaching the virtues of patience and long-
suffering.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p>-- <col><b>The curtain falls</b></col>, <cd>the performance
closes.</cd> -- <col><b>The curtain rises</b></col>, <cd>the
performance begins.</cd> -- <col><b>To draw the
curtain</b></col>, <cd>to close it over an object, or to remove
it</cd>; hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To hide or to disclose an
object.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To commence or close a
performance.</cd> -- <col><b>To drop the curtain</b></col>,
<cd>to end the tale, or close the performance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cur"tain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Curtained</u> (-t?nd; 48); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Curtaining</u>.] <def>To inclose as with
curtains; to furnish with curtains.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So when the sun in bed<BR>
<i>Curtained</i> with cloudy red.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cur"tal</hw> (k?r"t<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>courtault</i>, F. <i>courtaud</i>, having a docked tail (cf.
It. <i>cortaldo</i>), fr. <i>court</i> short, L. <i>curtus</i>.
See <u>Curt</u>, and <u>Curtail</u>.] <def>Curt; brief;
laconic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Essays and <i>curtal</i> aphorisms.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Curtal dog</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Curtail
dog</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cur"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A horse with a
docked tail; hence, anything cut short.</def> [Obs]
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cur"tal ax`</hw> (?ks`), <hw>Cur"tle ax`</hw>,
<hw>Curte"lasse</hw> (k?rt"l<i>as</i>) }. <def>A corruption of
<u>Cutlass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"tal fri`ar</hw> (fr?`?r). <def>A friar who acted as
porter at the gate of a monastery.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur*ta"na</hw> (k?r-t?"n?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
pointless sword carried before English monarchs at their
coronation, and emblematically considered as the sword of mercy;
-- also called the <i>sword of Edward the
Confessor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"tate</hw> (k?r"t?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>curtatus</i>, p. p. of <i>curtare</i> to shorten, fr.
<i>curtus</i>. See <u>Curt</u>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Shortened
or reduced; -- said of the distance of a planet from the sun or
earth, as measured in the plane of the ecliptic, or the distance
from the sun or earth to that point where a perpendicular, let
fall from the planet upon the plane of the ecliptic, meets the
ecliptic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Curtate cycloid</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cycloid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cur*ta"tion</hw> (k?r-t?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The interval by which the curtate distance
of a planet is less than the true distance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur*tein"</hw> (k?r-t?n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Curtana</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur*tes"</hw> (k?r-t?s"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Courteous.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur"te*sy</hw> (k?r"t?-s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Curtesies</b></plw> (-s&?;z). [Either fr.
<i>courlesy</i>, the lands being held as it were by favor; or fr.
<i>court</i>  (LL. <i>curtis</i>), the husband being regarded as
holding the lands as a vassal of the court. See <u>Court</u>,
<u>Courtesy</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>the life estate which a
husband has in the lands of his deceased wife, which by the
common law takes effect where he has had issue by her, born
alive, and capable of inheriting the lands.</def>  <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur"ti*lage</hw> (k&?;r"t&?;-l&?;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>cortillage</i>, <i>curtillage</i>, fr. <i>cortil</i>
court, courtyard, LL. <i>cortis</i> court. See <u>Court</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A yard, courtyard, or piece of ground, included
within the fence surrounding a dwelling house.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Curt"ly</hw> (k&ucirc;rt"l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a curt manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curt"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
bing curt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curt"sy</hw> (k&ucirc;rt"s&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Courtesy</u>, an act of respect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"rule</hw> (k&umacr;"r&udd;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>curulis</i>, fr. <i>currus</i> a chariot: cf. F.
<i>curule</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
chariot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to a kind of chair appropriated to Roman magistrates and
dignitaries; pertaining to, having, or conferring, the right to
sit in the curule chair; hence, official.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>curule</i> chair was usually shaped like a camp
stool, and provided with curved legs. It was at first ornamented
with ivory, and later sometimes made of ivory and inlaid with
gold.</p>

<p><col><b>Curule dignity</b></col> <cd>right of sitting in the
curule chair.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Cu*ru"ro</hw> (k??-r??"r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Chilian name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Chilian burrowing
rodent of the genus <i>Spalacopus</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cur"val</hw> (k?r"v<i>a</i>l), <hw>Cur"vant</hw> (-
v<i>a</i>nt) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>curvans</i>,
<pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> ] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Bowed; bent;
curved.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cur"vate</hw> (k?r"v?t), <hw>Cur"va*ted</hw> (-v?-t?d),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>curvatus</i> p. p. of
<i>curvare</i> to curve, fr.  <i>curvus</i>. See <u>Curve</u>.]
<def>Bent in a regular form; curved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur*va"tion</hw> (k?r-v?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>curvatio</i>.] <def>The act of bending or crooking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"va*tive</hw> (k?r"v?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the margins only a little curved; --
said of leaves.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur"va*ture</hw> (k?r"v?-t?r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>curvatura</i>. See <u>Curvate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of curving, or the state of being bent or curved; a
curving or bending, normal or abnormal, as of a line or surface
from a rectilinear direction; a bend; a curve.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The elegant <i>curvature</i> of their fronds.<BR>
<i>Darwin.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The amount of degree of
bending of a mathematical curve, or the tendency at any point to
depart from a tangent drawn to the curve at that point.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aberrancy of curvature</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>,
<cd>the deviation of a curve from a circular form.</cd> --
<col><b>Absolute curvature</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Absolute</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Angle of curvature</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>one that expresses the amount of curvature of
a curve.</cd> -- <col><b>Chord of curvature</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Chord</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Circle of
curvature</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Osculating circle of a curve</i>,
under <u>Circle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Curvature of the
spine</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an abnormal curving of the
spine, especially in a lateral direction.</cd> -- <col><b>Radius
of curvature</b></col>, <cd>the radius of the circle of
curvature, or osculatory circle, at any point of a
curve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Curve</hw> (k&ucirc;rv), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>curvus</i> bent, curved. See <u>Cirb</u>.] <def>Bent without
angles; crooked; curved; as, a <i>curve</i> line; a <i>curve</i>
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Curve</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Cirb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bending without angles; that which is bent; a flexure; as, a
<i>curve</i> in a railway or canal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A line described
according to some low, and having no finite portion of it a
straight line.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Axis of a curve</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Axis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Curve of quickest descent</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Brachystochrone</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Curve
tracing</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the process of determining
the shape, location, singular points, and other peculiarities of
a curve from its equation.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane curve</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a curve such that when a plane passes through
three points of the curve, it passes through all the other points
of the curve. Any other curve is called a <i>curve of double
curvature</i>, or a <i>twisted curve</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Curve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Curved</u> (k?rvd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Curving</u>.] [L. <i>curvare</i>., fr.
<i>curvus</i>. See <u>Curve</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Curb</u>.] <def>To bend; to crook; as, to <i>curve</i> a line;
to <i>curve</i> a pipe; to cause to swerve from a straight
course; as, to <i>curve</i> a ball in pitching it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curve</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bend or turn
gradually from a given direction; as, the road <i>curves</i> to
the right.</def></p>

<p><hw>Curv"ed*ness</hw> (-?d-n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being curved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"vet</hw> (k&ucirc;r"v?t or  k&ucirc;r-v?t"; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>corvet</i>, It. <i>corvetta</i>: cf.
F. <i>courbette</i>. See <u>Curve</u>, and cf. <u>Corvetto</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A particular leap of a
horse, when he raises both his fore legs at once, equally
advanced, and, as his fore legs are falling, raises his hind
legs, so that all his legs are in the air at once.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A prank; a frolic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"vet</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Curveted</u> or <u>-vetted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Curveting</u> or <u>-vetting</u>.] [Cf. It.
<i>corvettare</i>. See <u>Curvet</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a curvet; to leap; to
bound.</def>  "Oft and high he did <i>curvet</i>."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To leap and frisk; to frolic.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur"vet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
curvet.</def>  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur`vi*cau"date</hw> (k?r`v?-k?"d?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>curvus</i> bent + E. <i>caudate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having a curved or crooked tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur`vi*cos"tate</hw> (k?r`v?-k?s"t?t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>curvus</i> + E. <i>costate</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having bent ribs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur`vi*den"tate</hw> (k?r`v?-d?n"t?t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>curvus</i> + E. <i>dentate</i>.]
<def>Having curved teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"vi*form</hw> (k?r"v?-f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>curvus + -form</i>.] <def>Having a curved form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur`vi*lin"e*ad</hw> (k?r`v?-l?n"?-?d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>An instrument for
drawing curved lines.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cur`vi*lin"e*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l),
<hw>Cur`vi*lin"e*ar</hw> (-?r), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>curvus</i> bent + E. <i>lineal</i>, <i>linear</i>.]
<def>Consisting of, or bounded by, curved lines; as, a
<i>curvilinear</i> figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur`vi*lin`e*ar"i*ty</hw> (-?r"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being curvilinear or of being bounded by curved
lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur`vi*lin"e*ar*ly</hw> (-?r-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a curvilinear manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"vi*nerved`</hw> (-n?rvd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>curvus</i> bent + E. <i>nerve</i>. ] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
the ribs or the veins of the leaves curved; -- called also
<i>curvinervate</i> and <i>curve-veined</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur`vi*ros"tral</hw> (-r?s"tr<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>curvus</i> + E. <i>rostral</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a crooked beak, as the
crossbill.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cur"vi*ros"tres</hw> (-r?s"tr?z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>curvus</i> curved + <i>rostrum</i>
beak, rostrum.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of passerine
birds, including the creepers and nuthatches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur`vi*se"ri*al</hw> (-s?"r?-al), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>curvus</i> bent + E. <i>serial</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Distributed in a curved line, as leaves along a
stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cur"vi*ty</hw> (k?r"v?-y?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>curvitas</i>, from <i>curvus</i> bent: cf. F.
<i>curvit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state of being curved; a bending
in a regular form; crookedness.</def>  <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cur"vo*graph</hw> (k?r"v?-gr?f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>curvus</i> bent + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>An
arcograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cush"at</hw> (k??sh"?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cusceote</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ringdove or wood
pigeon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scarce with <i>cushat's</i> homely song can
vie.<BR>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cush"ew*bird</hw> (k?sh"?-b?rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>The galeated curassow. See
<u>Curassow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cush"ion</hw> (k??sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cuischun</i>, <i>quisshen</i>, OF. <i>coissin</i>,
<i>cuissin</i>, F.  <i>coussin</i>, fr. (assumed) LL.
<i>culcitinum</i>, dim. of L. <i>culcita</i> cushion, mattress,
pillow. See <u>Quilt</u>, and cf. <u>Counterpoint</u> a
<u>coverlet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A case or bag stuffed
with some soft and elastic material, and used to sit or recline
upon; a soft pillow or pad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two <i>cushions</i> stuffed with straw, the seat
to raise.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a cushion in
properties or use</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>a pad on
which gilders cut gold leaf</def>; <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>a
mass of steam in the end of the cylinder of a steam engine to
receive the impact of the piston</def>; <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>the elastic edge of a billiard table.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A riotous kind of dance, formerly
common at weddings; -- called also <i>cushion dance</i>.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cushion capital</b></col>.<i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>A capital
so sculptured as to appear like a cushion pressed down by the
weight of its entablature.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A name
given to a form of capital, much used in the Romanesque style,
modeled like a bowl, the upper part of which is cut away on four
sides, leaving vertical faces.</cd> -- <col><b>Cushion
star</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>a pentagonal starfish
belonging to <i>Goniaster</i>, <i>Astrogonium</i>, and other
allied genera; -- so called from its form.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cush"ion</hw> (k??sh"?n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cushioned</u> (-?nd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.</i></pos> <u>Cushioning</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To seat or place on, or as on a
cushion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many who are <i>cushioned</i> on thrones would
have remained in obscurity.<BR>
<i>Bolingbroke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with cushions; as, to
<i>cushion</i> a chaise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To conceal or cover up, as under a
cushion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cushioned hammer</b></col>, <cd>a dead-stroke hammer.
See under <u>Dead-stroke</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cush"ion*et</hw> (k??sh"?n-?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>coissinet</i>, F. <i>coussinet</i>. See <u>Cushion</u>, and
cf. <u>Coussinet</u>.] <def>A little cushion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cush"ion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
furnished with a cushion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rows of long, <i>cushionless</i> benches,
supplying the place of pews.<BR>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cush"ion*y</hw> (-?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
cushion; soft; pliable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A flat and <i>cushiony</i> nose.<BR>
<i>Dickens.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cush"ite</hw> (k?sh"?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
descendant of Cush, the son of Ham and grandson of
Noah.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cusk</hw> (k?sk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large, edible, marine fish (<i>Brosmius brosme</i>),
allied to the cod, common on the northern coasts of Europe and
America; -- called also <i>tusk</i> and <i>torsk</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus"kin</hw> (k?s"k?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind
of drinking cup.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cusp</hw> (k&ubreve;sp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cuspis</i>, <i>-idis</i>, point, pointed end.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A triangular protection
from the intrados of an arch, or from an inner curve of
tracery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The beginning or
first entrance of any house in the calculations of nativities,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The point or horn of
the crescent moon or other crescent-shaped luminary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A multiple point of a
curve at which two or more branches of the curve have a common
tangent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A prominence or point,
especially on the crown of a tooth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A sharp and rigid
point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cusp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cusped</u> (k?spt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cusping</u>.] <def>To furnish with a cusp or
cusps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus"pa*ted</hw> (k?s"p?-t?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ending in a point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus"pid</hw> (k?s"p?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cusp</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the canine teeth; -- so
called from having but one point or cusp on the crown. See
<u>Tooth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus"pi*dal</hw> (-p?-d<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[From L. <i>cuspis</i>, <i>cuspidis</i>. See <u>Cusp</u>.]
<def>Ending in a point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus"pi*date</hw> (-d?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
make pointed or sharp.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cus"pi*date</hw> (k?s"p?-d?t), <hw>Cus"pi*da`ted</hw> (-
d?`t?d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cuspidatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>cuspidare</i> to make pointed, fr. <i>cuspis</i>. See
<u>Cusp</u>.] <def>Having a sharp end, like the point of a spear;
terminating in a hard point; as, a <i>cuspidate</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus"pi*dor</hw> (-d?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.
<i>cuspideria</i>, fr. <i>cuspir</i> to spit.] <def>Any
ornamental vessel used as a spittoon; hence, to avoid the common
term, a spittoon of any sort.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cus"pis</hw> (k?s"p?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
point; a sharp end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tard</hw> (k?s"t?rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. the
same word as OE. <i>crustade</i>, <i>crustate</i>, a pie made
with a crust, fr. L. <i>crustatus</i> covered with a crust, p. p.
of <i>crustare</i>, fr. <i>crusta</i> crust; cf. OF.
<i>croustade</i> pasty, It. <i>crostata</i>, or F.
<i>coutarde</i>. See <u>Crust</u>, and cf. <u>Crustated</u>.]
<def>A mixture of milk and eggs, sweetened, and baked or
boiled.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Custard apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low tree
or shrub of tropical America, including several species of Anona
(<i>A. squamosa</i>, <i>reticulata</i>, etc.), having a roundish
or ovate fruit the size of a small orange, containing a soft,
yellowish, edible pulp.</cd> -- <col><b>Custard coffin</b></col>,
<cd>pastry, or crust, which covers or <i>coffins</i> a
custard</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tode</hw> (k?s"t?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. or It.
<i>custode</i>, fr. L. <i>custos</i>, <i>-odis</i>.] <def>See
<u>Custodian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus*to"di*al</hw> (k?s-t?"d?-<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>custodial</i>, fr. L.
<i>custodia</i>. See <u>Custody</u>.] <def>Relating to custody or
guardianship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus*to"di*an</hw> (k?s-t?"d?-<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Custody</u>.] <def>One who has care
or custody, as of some public building; a keeper or
superintendent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus*to"di*an*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Office
or duty of a custodian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus*to"di*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>custodiarus</i>.] <def>A custodian.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cus"to*dy</hw> (k?s"t?-d?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>custodia</i>, fr. <i>custos</i> guard; prob. akin to Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to hide, and E. <i>hide</i>. See <u>Hide</u>
to cover.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A keeping or guarding; care,
watch, inspection, for keeping, preservation, or
security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fleet of thirty ships for the <i>custody</i> of
the narrow seas.<BR>
<i>Bacon.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Judicial or penal safe-
keeping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jailer, take him to thy <i>custody</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><! p. 360 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>State of being guarded and watched to
prevent escape; restraint of liberty; confinement;
imprisonment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What pease will be given<BR>
To us enslaved, but <i>custody</i> severe,<BR>
And stripes and arbitrary punishment?<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom</hw> (k&ubreve;s"t&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>custume</i>, <i>costume</i>, Anglo-Norman
<i>coustome</i>, F.  <i>coutume</i>, fr. (assumed) LL.
<i>consuetumen</i> custom, habit, fr. L. <i>consuetudo</i>, <i>-
dinis</i>, fr. <i>consuescere</i> to accustom, verb inchoative
fr. <i>consuere</i> to be accustomed; <i>con-</i> + <i>suere</i>
to be accustomed, prob. originally, to make one's own, fr. the
root of <i>suus</i> one's own; akin to E.  <i>so</i>, adv. Cf.
<u>Consuetude</u>, <u>Costume</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Frequent repetition of the same act;
way of acting common to many; ordinary manner; habitual practice;
usage; method of doing or living.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And teach <i>customs</i> which are not lawful.<BR>
<i>Acts xvi. 21.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Moved beyond his <i>custom</i>, Gama said.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>custom</i><BR>
More honored in the breach than the observance.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Habitual buying of goods; practice of
frequenting, as a shop, manufactory, etc., for making purchases
or giving orders; business support.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him have your <i>custom</i>, but not your
votes.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Long-established
practice, considered as unwritten law, and resting for authority
on long consent; usage. See <u>Usage</u>, and
<u>Prescription</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Usage</i> is a fact. <i>Custom</i> is a law. There
can be no <i>custom</i> without <i>usage</i>, though there may be
<i>usage</i> without <i>custom</i>.  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Familiar aquaintance;
familiarity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Age can not wither her, nor <i>custom</i>
stale<BR>
Her infinite variety.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>Custom of merchants</b></col>, <cd>a system or code of
customs by which affairs of commerce are regulated.</cd> --
<col><b>General customs</b></col>, <cd>those which extend over a
state or kingdom.</cd> -- <col><b>Particular customs</b></col>,
<cd>those which are limited to a city or district; as, the
<i>customs</i> of London.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Practice; fashion. See <u>Habit</u>, and
<u>Usage</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>costumer</i>. Cf. <u>Accustom</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make familiar; to accustom.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To supply with customers.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have a
custom.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>On a bridge he <i>custometh</i> to fight.<BR>
<i>Spenser.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.  <i>coustume</i>,
F. <i>coutume</i>, tax, <i>i. e.</i>, the <i>usual</i> tax. See
1st <u>Custom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The customary toll,
tax, or tribute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Render, therefore, to all their dues: tribute to
whom tribute is due; <i>custom</i> to whom <i>custom</i>.<BR>
<i>Rom. xiii. 7.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Duties or tolls imposed by
law on commodities, imported or exported.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pay the
customs of.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom*a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. OF. <i>coustumable</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Customary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subject to the payment of customs;
dutiable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality
of being customable; conformity to custom.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Usually.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom*a*ri*ly</hw> (-&asl;*r&ibreve;*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a customary manner;
habitually.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom*a*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality
of being customary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom*a*ry</hw> (k&ubreve;s"t&ubreve;m*&asl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF. OF. <i>coustumier</i>, F.
<i>coutumier</i>. See <u>Custom</u>, and cf.
<u>Customer</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Agreeing with, or established by,
custom; established by common usage; conventional;
habitual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even now I met him<BR>
With <i>customary</i> compliment.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>A formal <i>customary</i> attendance upon the
offices.<BR>
<i>South.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Holding or held by
custom; as, <i>customary</i> tenants; <i>customary</i> service or
estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>coustumier</i>, F.  <i>coutumier</i>.] <def>A book containing
laws and usages, or customs; as, the <i>Customary</i> of the
Normans.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom*er</hw> (k&ubreve;s"t&ubreve;m*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A doublet of <i>customary</i>, <i>a.</i>:
cf. LL. <i>custumarius</i> toll gatherer. See <u>Custom</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who collect customs; a toll
gatherer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>customers</i> of the small or petty custom
and of the subsidy do demand of them custom for kersey
cloths.<BR>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who regularly or repeatedly makes
purchases of a trader; a purchaser; a buyer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has got at last the character of a good
<i>customer</i>; by this means he gets credit for something
considerable, and then never pays for it.<BR>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person with whom a business house
has dealings; as, the <i>customers</i> of a bank.</def>  <i>J. A.
H. Murray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A peculiar person; -- in an indefinite
sense; as, a queer <i>customer</i>; an ugly
<i>customer</i>.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A lewd woman.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tom*house"</hw> (-hous`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The building where customs and duties are paid, and where
vessels are entered or cleared.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Customhouse broker</b></col>, <cd>an agent who acts
for merchants in the business of entering and clearing goods and
vessels.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Cus"tos</hw> (k&ubreve;s"t&obreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Custodes</b></plw>
(k&ubreve;s*t&omacr;"d&emacr;z). [L.] <def>A keeper; a custodian;
a superintendent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Custos rotulorum</b></col>
(r&obreve;t`&usl;*l&omacr;"r&ubreve;m) [LL., keeper of the rolls]
<i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the principal justice of the peace in a
county, who is also keeper of the rolls and records of the
sessions of the peace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cus"trel</hw> (k&ubreve;s"tr<i>e</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>coustillier</i>. See
<u>Coistril</u>.] <def>An armor-bearer to a knight.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cus"trel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Costrel</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cus"tu*ma*ry</hw> (-t&usl;*m&asl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Customary</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cut</hw> (k&ubreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cut</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Cutting</u>.] [OE. <i>cutten</i>, <i>kitten</i>,
<i>ketten</i>; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. <i>cwtau</i> to
shorten, curtail, dock, <i>cwta</i> bobtailed, <i>cwt</i> tail,
skirt, Gael.  <i>cutaich</i> to shorten, curtail, dock,
<i>cutach</i> short, docked, <i>cut</i> a bobtail, piece, Ir.
<i>cut</i> a short tail, <i>cutach</i> bobtailed. Cf.
<u>Coot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate the parts of
with, or as with, a sharp instrument; to make an incision in; to
gash; to sever; to divide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You must <i>cut</i> this flesh from off his
breast.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Before the whistling winds the vessels fly,<BR>
With rapid swiftness <i>cut</i> the liquid way.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sever and cause to fall for the
purpose of gathering; to hew; to mow or reap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy servants can skill to <i>cut</i> timer.<BR>
<i>2. Chron. ii. 8</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sever and remove by cutting; to cut
off; to dock; as, to <i>cut</i> the hair; to <i>cut</i> the
nails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To castrate or geld; as, to <i>cut</i>
a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To form or shape by cutting; to make
by incision, hewing, etc.; to carve; to hew out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should a man. whose blood is warm within,<BR>
Sit like his grandsire <i>cut</i> in alabaster?<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Loopholes <i>cut</i> through thickest shade.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To wound or hurt deeply the
sensibilities of; to pierce; to lacerate; as, sarcasm <i>cuts</i>
to the quick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man was <i>cut</i> to the heart.<BR>
<i>Addison.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To intersect; to cross; as, one line
<i>cuts</i> another at right angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To refuse to recognize; to ignore; as,
to <i>cut</i> a person in the street; to <i>cut</i> one's
acquaintance.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To absent one's self from; as, to
<i>cut</i> an appointment, a recitation. etc.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An English tradesman is always solicitous to
<i>cut</i> the shop whenever he can do so with impunity.<BR>
<i>Thomas Hamilton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><col><b>To cut a caper</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Caper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To cut the cards</b></col>, <cd>to
divide a pack of cards into portions, in order to determine the
deal or the trump, or to change the cards to be dealt.</cd> --
<col><b>To cut a dash</b></col> or <col><b>a figure</b></col>,
<cd>to make a display.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To cut
down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To sever and cause to
fall; to fell; to prostrate.</cd> "Timber . . . <i>cut down</i>
in the mountains of Cilicia." <i>Knolles.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To put down; to abash; to humble.</cd> [Obs] "So great is his
natural eloquence, that he <i>cuts doun</i> the finest orator."
<i>Addison</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To lessen; to retrench; to
curtail; as, <i>to cut down</i> expenses.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To raze; as, <i>to cut
down</i> a frigate into a sloop.</cd> -- <col><b>To cut the
knot</b></col> or <col><b>the Gordian knot</b></col>, <cd>to
dispose of a difficulty summarily; to solve it by prompt,
arbitrary action, rather than by skill or patience.</cd> --
<col><b>To cut lots</b></col>, <cd>to determine lots by cuttings
cards; to draw lots.</cd> -- <col><b>To cut off</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To sever; to separate.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I would to God, . . . <BR>
The king had <i>cut off</i> my brother's.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To put an untimely death; to put an
end to; to destroy.</cd> "Iren&aelig;us was likewise <i>cut
off</i> by martyrdom." <i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To
interrupt; as, <i>to cut off</i> communication; <i>to cut off</i>
(the flow of) steam from (the boiler to) a steam engine.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To intercept; as,, <i>to cut off</i> an
enemy's retreat.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To end; to finish;
as, <i>to cut off</i> further debate.</cd> -- <col><b>To cut
out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To remove by cutting or
carving; as, <i>to cut out</i> a piece from a board.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To shape or form by cutting; as, <i>to
cut out</i> a garment.</cd> " A large forest <i>cut out</i> into
walks." <i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To scheme; to
contrive; to prepare; as, <i>to cut out</i> work for another
day.</cd> "Every man had <i>cut out</i> a place <i>for
himself</i>." <i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To step in
and take the place of; to supplant; as, <i>to cut out</i> a
rival.</cd> [Colloq.] <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To debar.</cd> "I
am <i>cut out</i> from anything but common acknowledgments."
<i>Pope.</i> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To seize and carry off (a
vessel) from a harbor, or from under the guns of an enemy.</cd> -
- <col><b>To cut to pieces</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
cut into pieces; as, <i>to cut</i> cloth <i>to pieces</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To slaughter; as, <i>to cut</i> an army
<i>to pieces</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To cut a play</b></col>
<i>(Drama)</i>, <cd>to shorten it by leaving out passages, to
adapt it for the stage.</cd> -- <col><b>To cut rates</b></col>
<i>(Railroads, etc.)</i>, <cd>to reduce the charges for
transportation below the rates established between competing
lines.</cd> -- <col><b>To cut short</b></col>, <cd>to arrest or
check abruptly; to bring to a sudden termination.</cd> "Achilles
<i>cut</i> him <i>short</i>, and thus replied." <i>Dryden.</i> --
<col><b>To cut stick</b></col>, <cd>to make off clandestinely or
precipitately.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>To cut teeth</b></col>,
<cd>to put forth teeth; to have the teeth pierce through the gum
and appear.</cd> -- <col><b>To have cut one's eyeteeth</b></col>,
<cd>to be sharp and knowing.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To cut
one's wisdom teeth</b></col>, <cd>to come to years of
discretion.</cd> -- <col><b>To cut under</b></col>, <cd>to
undersell; as, <i>to cut under</i> a competitor in trade.</cd> --
<col><b>To cut up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To cut to
pieces; as, <i>to cut up</i> an animal, or bushes.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To damage or destroy; to injure; to
wound; as, <i>to cut up</i> a book or its author by severe
criticism.</cd>  "This doctrine <i>cuts up</i> all government by
the roots." <i>Locke.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To afflict; to
discourage; to demoralize; as, the death of his friend <i>cut</i>
him <i>up</i> terribly.</cd> [Colloq.] <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cut</hw> (k&ubreve;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To do the work of an edged tool; to serve
in dividing or gashing; as, a knife <i>cuts</i> well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To admit of incision or severance; to
yield to a cutting instrument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Panels of white wood that <i>cuts</i> like
cheese.<BR>
<i>Holmes.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To perform the operation of dividing,
severing, incising, intersecting, etc.; to use a cutting
instrument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He saved the lives of thousands by manner of
<i>cutting</i> for the stone.<BR>
<i>Pope.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make a stroke with a
whip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To interfere, as a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To move or make off quickly.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To divide a pack of cards into two
portion to decide the deal or trump, or to change the order of
the cards to be dealt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To cut across</b></col>, <cd>to pass over or through
in the most direct way; as, to <i>cut across</i> a field.</cd> --
<col><b>To cut and run</b></col>, <cd>to make off suddenly and
quickly; -- from the cutting of a ship's cable, when there is not
time to raise the anchor.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To
cut</b></col> <col><b>in or into</b></col>, <cd>to interrupt; to
join in anything suddenly.</cd> -- <col><b>To cut up</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To play pranks.</cd> [Colloq.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To divide into portions well or ill; to
have the property left at one's death turn out well or poorly
when divided among heirs, legatees, etc.</cd>  [Slang.] "When I
die, may I <i>cut up</i> as well as Morgan Pendennis."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cut</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
opening made with an edged instrument; a cleft; a gash; a slash;
a wound made by cutting; as, a sword <i>cut</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stroke or blow or cutting motion
with an edged instrument; a stroke or blow with a whip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which wounds the feelings, as a
harsh remark or criticism, or a sarcasm; personal discourtesy, as
neglecting to recognize an acquaintance when meeting him; a
slight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rip called him by name, but the cur snarled,
snapped his teeth, and passed on. This was an unkind <i>cut</i>
indeed.<BR>
<i>W. Irving.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A notch, passage, or channel made by
cutting or digging; a furrow; a groove; as, a <i>cut</i> for a
railroad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This great <i>cut</i> or ditch Secostris . . .
purposed to have made a great deal wider and deeper.<BR>
<i>Knolles.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The surface left by a cut; as, a
smooth or clear <i>cut</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A portion severed or cut off; a
division; as, a <i>cut</i> of beef; a <i>cut</i> of
timber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It should be understood, moreover, . . . that the
group are not arbitrary <i>cuts</i>, but natural groups or
types.<BR>
<i>Dana.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An engraved block or plate; the
impression from such an engraving; as, a book illustrated with
fine <i>cuts</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of
dividing a pack cards.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The right
to divide; as, whose <i>cut</i> is it?</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Manner in which a thing is cut or
formed; shape; style; fashion; as, the <i>cut</i> of a
garment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With eyes severe and beard of formal
<i>cut</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A common work horse; a gelding.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He'll buy me a <i>cut</i>, forth for to ride.<BR>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>The failure of a college officer or
student to be present at any appointed exercise.</def> [College
Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A skein of yarn.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A cut in rates</b></col> <i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>a
reduction in fare, freight charges, etc., below the established
rates.</cd> -- <col><b>A short cut</b></col>, <cd>a cross route
which shortens the way and cuts off a circuitous passage.</cd> --
<col><b>The cut of one's jib</b></col>, <cd>the general
appearance of a person.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To draw
cuts</b></col>, <cd>to draw lots, as of paper, etc., cut unequal
lengths.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Now draweth <i>cut</i> . . . <BR>
The which that hath the shortest shall begin.<BR>
<i>Chaucer.</i>
</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cut</hw> (k&ubreve;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Gashed or divided, as by a cutting
instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formed or shaped as by cutting;
carved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Overcome by liquor; tipsy.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Cut and dried</b></col>, <cd>prepered beforehand; not
spontaneous.</cd> -- <col><b>Cut glass</b></col>, <cd>glass
having a surface ground and polished in facets or figures.</cd> -
- <col><b>Cut nail</b></col>, <cd>a nail cut by machinery from a
rolled plate of iron, in distinction from a <i>wrought
nail</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cut stone</b></col>, <cd>stone hewn or
chiseled to shape after having been split from the
quarry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cu*ta"ne*ous</hw> (k&usl;*t&amacr;"n&esl;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>cutan&eacute;</i>, fr. L.
<i>cutis</i> skin. See <u>Cuticle</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
the skin; existing on, or affecting, the skin; as, a
<i>cutaneous</i> disease; <i>cutaneous</i> absorption;
<i>cutaneous</i> respiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"a*way`</hw> (k&ubreve;t"&adot;*w&amacr;`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a part cut off or away; having
the corners rounded or cut away.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cutaway coat</b></col>, <cd>a coat whose skirts are
cut away in front so as not to meet at the bottom.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cutch</hw> (k&ubreve;ch; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Catechu</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cutch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cultch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cutch"er*y</hw> (k&ubreve;ch"&etilde;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>kachahri</i>.] <def>A hindoo hall
of justice.</def>  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cute</hw> (k&umacr;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [An abbrev. of
<i>acute</i>.] <def>Clever; sharp; shrewd; ingenious;
cunning.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Cute"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Acuteness;
cunning.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Cut"grass`</hw> (k&ubreve;t"gr&adot;s`). <def>A grass with
leaves having edges furnished with very minute hooked prickles,
which form a cutting edge; one or more species of
<i>Leersia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"ti*cle</hw> (k&umacr;"t&ibreve;*k'l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cuticula</i>, dim. of <i>cutis</i>
skin; akin to E. <i>hide</i> skin of an animal.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The scarfskin or
epidermis. See <u>Skin</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The outermost skin or
pellicle of a plant, found especially in leaves and young
stems.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thin skin formed on the surface of a
liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*tic"u*lar</hw> (k&usl;*t&ibreve;k"&usl;*l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the cuticle, or external
coat of the skin; epidermal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"tin</hw> (k&umacr;"t&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>cutis</i> skin, outside.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The substance
which, added to the material of a cell wall, makes it waterproof,
as in cork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu`tin*i*za"tion</hw> (k?`t?n-?-z?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The conversion of cell
walls into a material which repels water, as in cork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"tin*ize</hw> (k?"t?n-?z), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To change into cutin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cu"tis</hw> (k?"t?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Cuticle</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Dermis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"lass</hw> (k&ubreve;t"l<i>a</i>s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cutlasses</b></plw> (-
&ebreve;z). [F. <i>coutelas</i> (cf. It. <i>coltellaccio</i>),
augm. fr. L. <i>cultellus</i> a small knife, dim. of
<i>culter</i> knife. See <u>Colter</u>, and cf. <u>Curtal
ax</u>.] <def>A short, heavy, curving sword, used in the navy.
See <u>Curtal ax</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cutlass fish</b></col>, <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
peculiar, long, thin, marine fish (<i>Trichiurus lepturus</i>) of
the southern United States and West Indies; -- called also
<i>saber fish</i>, <i>silver eel</i>, and, improperly,
<i>swordfish</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cut"ler</hw> (k&ubreve;t"l&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>coteler</i>, F. <i>coutelier</i>, LL.
<i>cultellarius</i>, fr. L. <i>cultellus</i>. See
<u>Cutlass</u>.] <def>One who makes or deals in cutlery, or
knives and other cutting instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"ler*y</hw> (k&ubreve;t"l&etilde;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The business of a
cutler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Edged or cutting instruments,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"let</hw> (k&ubreve;t"l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>c&ocirc;telette</i>, prop., little rib, dim. of
<i>c&ocirc;te</i> rib, fr. L.  <i>costa</i>. See <u>Coast</u>.]
<def>A piece of meat, especially of veal or mutton, cut for
broiling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"ling</hw> (k&ubreve;t"l&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, [Cf. <u>Cuttle</u> a knife.] <def>The art
of making edged tools or cutlery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cut"-off`</hw> (k&ubreve;t"&obreve;f`; 115),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which cuts off
or shortens, as a nearer passage or road.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
valve gearing or mechanism by which steam is cut off from
entering the cylinder of a steam engine after a definite point in
a stroke, so as to allow the remainder of the stroke to be made
by the expansive force of the steam already let in.  See
<i>Expansion gear</i>, under <u>Expansion</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any device for stopping or changing a
current, as of grain or water in a spout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"tose</hw> (k&umacr;"t&omacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L.  <i>cutis</i> skin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A variety of
cellulose, occuring as a fine transparent membrane covering the
aerial organs of plants, and forming an essential ingredient of
cork; by oxidation it passes to suberic acid.</def></p>

<p><! p. 361 !></p>

<p><hw>Cut"-out`</hw> (k&ubreve;t"out`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Telegraphy)</i> <def>A species of switch
for changing the current from one circuit to another, or for
shortening a circuit.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>A device for breaking or separating a portion of
circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"purse`</hw> (k&ubreve;t"p&ucirc;rs`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who cuts purses for the sake of
stealing them or their contents (an act common when men wore
purses fastened by a string to their girdles); one who steals
from the person; a pickpocket</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To have an open ear, a quick eye, and a nimble
hand, is necessary for a <i>cutpurse</i>.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cut"ter</hw> (k?t"t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who cuts; as, a stone <i>cutter</i>;
a die <i>cutter</i>; esp., one who cuts out garments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which cuts; a machine or part of
a machine, or a tool or instrument used for cutting, as that part
of a mower which severs the stalk, or as a paper
<i>cutter</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fore tooth; an incisor.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
boat used by ships of war.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A fast
sailing vessel with one mast, rigged in most essentials like a
sloop. A cutter is narrower end deeper than a sloop of the same
length, and depends for stability on a deep keel, often heavily
weighted with lead.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A small armed
vessel, usually a steamer, in the revenue marine service; -- also
called <i>revenue cutter</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A small, light one-horse
sleigh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An officer in the exchequer who notes
by cutting on the tallies the sums paid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A ruffian; a bravo; a destroyer.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A kind of soft yellow brick, used for
facework; -- so called from the facility with which it can be
cut.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cutter bar</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A bar which carries a cutter or cutting
tool, as in a boring machine.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
bar to which the triangular knives of a harvester are
attached.</cd> -- <col><b>Cutter head</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>a rotating head, which itself forms a cutter, or a rotating
stock to which cutters may be attached, as in a planing or
matching machine.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cut"throat`</hw> (k?t"thr?t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who cuts throats; a murderer; an assassin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"throat`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Murderous;
cruel; barbarous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"ting</hw> (k&ubreve;t"t&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process
of making an incision, or of severing, felling, shaping,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something cut, cut off, or cut out, as
a twig or scion cut off from a stock for the purpose of grafting
or of rooting as an independent plant; something cut out of a
newspaper; an excavation cut through a hill or elsewhere to make
a way for a railroad, canal, etc.; a cut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"ting</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Adapted to cut; as, a <i>cutting</i> tool.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Chilling; penetrating; sharp; as, a
<i>cutting</i> wind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Severe; sarcastic; biting; as, a
<i>cutting</i> reply.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"ting*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a cutting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"tle</hw> (k?t"t'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>cultel</i>, <i>coltel</i>, <i>coutel</i>, fr. L.
<i>cultellus</i>. See <u>Cutlass</u>.] <def>A knife.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bale.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cut"tle</hw> (k&ubreve;t"t'l), <hw>Cut"tle*fish`</hw> (-
f&ibreve;sh`), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>codule</i>, AS.
<i>cudele</i>; akin to G. <i>kuttelfish</i>; cf. G.
<i>k&ouml;tel</i>, D. <i>keutel</i>, dirt from the guts, G.
<i>kuttel</i> bowels, entrails. AS. <i>cwi&thorn;</i> womb, Goth.
<i>qi&thorn;us</i> belly, womb.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cephalopod of the genus <i>Sepia</i>,
having an internal shell, large eyes, and ten arms furnished with
denticulated suckers, by means of which it secures its prey. The
name is sometimes applied to dibranchiate cephalopods
generally.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It has an <i>ink bag</i>, opening into the siphon, from
which, when pursued, it throws out a dark liquid that clouds the
water, enabling it to escape observation.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A foul-mouthed fellow.</def> "An you
play the saucy <i>cuttle</i> with me."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cut"tle bone`</hw> (b&omacr;n`). <def>The shell or bone of
cuttlefishes, used for various purposes, as for making polishing
powder, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut*too" plate`</hw> (k?t-t??" pl?t`). <def>A hood over
the end of a wagon wheel hub to keep dirt away from the
axle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"ty</hw> (k&ubreve;t"t&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>cut</i> a short tail, <i>cutach</i>
bobtailed. See <u>Cut</u>.] <def>Short; as, a <i>cutty</i> knife;
a <i>cutty</i> sark.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Cut"ty</hw> (k?t"t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scotch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short spoon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A short tobacco pipe.</def>
<i>Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A light or unchaste woman.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cut"ty*stool`</hw> (-st&oomac;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A low stool.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A seat in old Scottish churches, where
offenders were made to sit, for public rebuke by the
minister.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cut"wal</hw> (k&ubreve;t"w&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Per. <i>kotw&amacr;l</i>.] <def>The chief police officer of a
large city.</def> [East Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Cut"wa`ter</hw> (k&ubreve;t"w&add;`t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
fore part of a ship's prow, which cuts the water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A starling or other structure attached
to the pier of a bridge, with an angle or edge directed up
stream, in order better to resist the action of water, ice, etc.;
the sharpened upper end of the pier itself.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea bird of the
Atlantic (<i>Rhynchops nigra</i>); -- called also <i>black
skimmer</i>, <i>scissorsbill</i>, and <i>razorbill</i>. See
<u>Skimmer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"work`</hw> (k&ubreve;t"w&ucirc;rk`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>An ancient term for
embroidery, esp. applied to the earliest form of lace, or to that
early embroidery on linen and the like, from which the
manufacture of lace was developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut"worm`</hw> (-w?rm`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A caterpillar which at night eats off
young plants of cabbage, corn, etc., usually at the ground. Some
kinds ascend fruit trees and eat off the flower buds. During the
day, they conceal themselves in the earth. The common cutworms
are the larv&aelig; of various species of <i>Agrotis</i> and
related genera of noctuid moths.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cu*vette"</hw> (k?-w?t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim.
of <i>cuve</i> a tub.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pot, bucket, or basin, in which
molten plate glass is carried from the melting pot to the casting
table.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A cunette.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*am"e*lide</hw> (s&isl;*&abreve;m"&esl;*l&ibreve;d
<i>or</i> -l&imacr;d; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white amorphous substance, regarded as a polymeric
modification of isocyanic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*am"el*lone</hw> (s&isl;*&abreve;m"&ebreve;l*l&omacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem)</i> <def>A complex derivative of
cyanogen, regarded as an acid, and known chiefly in its salts; --
called also <i>hydromellonic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"a*nate</hw> (s?"?-n?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cuanate</i>. See <u>Cyanic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of
cyanic acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ammonium cyanate</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
remarkable white crystalline substance, NH<sub>4</sub>.O.CN,
which passes, on standing, to the organic compound, urea,
CO.(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Cy`an*au"rate</hw> (s?`?n-?"r?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Aurocyanide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*a"ne*an</hw> (s?-?"n?-a]/>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kya`neos</grk> dark blue.] <def>Having an azure color.</def>
<i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cy*an"ic</hw> (s?-?n"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ky`anos</grk> a dark blue substance: cf. F. <i>cyanique</i>.
Cf. <u>Kyanite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or
containing, cyanogen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a blue
color.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cyanic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an acid,
HOCN, derived from cyanogen, well known in its salts, but never
isolated in the free state.</cd> -- <col><b>Cyanic
colors</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>those colors (of flowers)
having some tinge of blue; -- opposed to <i>xanthic colors</i>. A
color of either series may pass into red or white, but not into
the opposing color. Red and pure white are more common among
flowers of cyanic tendency than in those of the other
class.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cy"a*nide</hw> (s?"?-n?d or -n?d; 104),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>cyanide</i>. See <u>Cyanic</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound formed by the union of cyanogen
with an element or radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"a*nin</hw> (s?"?-n?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cyanic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The blue coloring matter of
flowers; -- called also <i>anthokyan</i> and
<i>anthocyanin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"a*nine</hw> (s?"?-n?n or -n?n; 104),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a series of
artificial blue or red dyes obtained from quinoline and lepidine
and used in calico printing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"a*nite</hw> (-n?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cyanic</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occuring in thin-
bladed crystals and crystalline aggregates, of a sky-blue color.
It is a silicate of aluminium.</def> [Written also
<i>kyanite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cy*an"o*gen</hw> (s?-?n"?-j?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ky`anos</grk> a dark blue substance + <i>-gen</i>: cf. F.
<i>cyanog&egrave;ne</i>. So called because it produced blue
dyes.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, inflammable, poisonous
gas, C<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, with a peach-blossom odor, so
called from its tendency to form <i>blue</i> compounds; obtained
by heating ammonium oxalate, mercuric cyanide, etc. It is
obtained in combination, forming an alkaline cyanide when
nitrogen or a nitrogenous compound is strongly ignited with
carbon and soda or potash. It conducts itself like a member of
the halogen group of elements, and shows a tendency to form
complex compounds. The name is also applied to the univalent
radical, CN (the half molecule of cyanogen proper), which was one
of the first compound radicals recognized.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Cyanogen</i> is found in the commercial substances,
potassium cyanide, or prussiate of potash, yellow prussiate of
potash, Prussian blue, Turnbull's blue, prussic acid, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Cy`a*nom"e*ter</hw> (s?`?-n?m"?-t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>ky`anos</grk> a dark blue substance + <i>-meter</i>:
cf. F. <i>cyanom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument for
measuring degress of blueness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`a*nop"a*thy</hw> (-n?p"?-th?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>ky`anos</grk> a dark blue substance + <grk>pa`qos</grk>
affection.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease in which the body is
colored blue in its surface, arising usually from a malformation
of the heart, which causes an imperfect arterialization of the
blood; blue jaundice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*an"o*phyll</hw> (s?-?n"?-f?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>ky`anos</grk> a dark blue substance +
<grk>fy`llon</grk> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A blue coloring
matter supposed by some to be one of the component parts of
chlorophyll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"a*nosed</hw> (s?"?-n?st), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cyanic</u>.] <def>Rendered blue, as the surface of the body,
from cyanosis or deficient a&euml;ration of the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cy`a*no"sis</hw> (s?`?-n?"s?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>Cyanic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition in which,
from insufficient a&euml;ration of the blood, the surface of the
body becomes blue. See <u>Cyanopathy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*an"o*site</hw> (s?-?n"?-s?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cyanic</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native sulphate of copper. Cf.
<i>Blue vitriol</i>, under <u>Blue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`a*not"ic</hw> (s?`?-n?t"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Relating to cyanosis; affected with cyanosis;
as, a <i>cyanotic</i> patient; having the hue caused by cyanosis;
as, a <i>cyanotic</i> skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*an"o*type</hw> (s?-?n"?-t?p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cyanide</i> + <i>-type</i>.] <def>A photographic picture
obtained by the use of a cyanide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"an"u*rate</hw> (s?-?n"?-r?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of cyanuric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*an"u*ret</hw> (-r?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A cyanide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Cy`a*nu"ric</hw> (s?`?-n?"r?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cyanic</i> + <i>uric</i>: Cf. F. <i>cyanurique</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from, cyanic and
uric acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyanuric acid</hw> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <def>an organic acid,
C<sub>3</sub>O<sub>3</sub>N<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub>, first
obtained by heating <i>uric</i> acid or <i>urea</i>, and called
<i>pyrouric acid</i>; afterwards obtained from <i>isocyanic
acid</i>. It is a white crystalline substance, odorless and
almost tasteless; -- called also <i>tricarbimide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*ath"i*form</hw> (s?-?th"?-f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>cyathus</i> a cup (Gr, <grk>ky`aqos</grk>) <i>-
form</i>:cf. F.  <i>cyathiforme</i>.] <def>In the form of a cup,
a little widened at the top.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*ath"olith</hw> (s?-?th"?-l?th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>ky`aqos</grk> a cup + <i>-lith</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>A kind of coccolith, which in shape resembles a minute cup
widened at the top, and varies in size from &frac1x6000; to
&frac1x8000; of an inch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`a*tho*phyl"loid</hw> (s?`?-th?-f?l"loid),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>cyathophyllum</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>ky`aqos</grk> a cup + <grk>fy`llon</grk> a leaf.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Like, or pertaining to, the family
<i>Cyathophyllid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`a*tho*phyl"loid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil coral of the family
<i>Cyathophyllid&aelig;</i>; sometimes extended to fossil corals
of other related families belonging to the group Rugosa; -- also
called <i>cup corals</i>. Thay are found in paleozoic
rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"cad</hw> (s&imacr;"k&abreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the natural order
<i>Cycadace&aelig;</i>, as the sago palm, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyc`a*da"ceous</hw> (s?k`?-d?"sh?s or  s?`k?-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, an order of plants like the palms, but having
exogenous wood. The sago palm is an example.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"cas</hw> (s?"k?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain
origin. Linn&aelig;us derives it from one of the "obscure Greek
words."] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees, intermediate in
character between the palms and the pines. The pith of the trunk
of some species furnishes a valuable kind of sago.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyc"la*men</hw> (s?k"l?-m?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>kykla`minos</grk>, <grk>kyklami`s</grk>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants of the Primrose family,
having depressed rounded corms, and pretty nodding flowers with
the petals so reflexed as to point upwards, whence it is called
<i>rabbits' ears</i>. It is also called <i>sow bread</i>, because
hogs are said to eat the corms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyc"la*min</hw> (-m?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A white
amorphous substance, regarded as a glucoside, extracted from the
corm of <i>Cyclamen Europ&aelig;um</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"clas</hw> (s?"kl?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Ciclatoun</u>.] <def>A long gown or surcoat (cut off in
front), worn in the Middle Ages. It was sometimes embroidered or
interwoven with gold. Also, a rich stuff from which the gown was
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"cle</hw> (s?"k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ycle</i>, LL. <i>cyclus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>ky`klos</grk> ring
or circle, cycle; akin to Skr. <i>cakra</i> wheel, circle. See
<u>Wheel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An imaginary circle or
orbit in the heavens; one of the celestial spheres.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An interval of time in which a certain
succession of events or phenomena is completed, and then returns
again and again, uniformly and continually in the same order; a
periodical space of time marked by the recurrence of something
peculiar; as, the <i>cycle</i> of the seasons, or of the
year.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wages . . . bear a full proportion . . . to the
medium of provision during the last bad <i>cycle</i> of twenty
years.<BR>
<i>Burke.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An age; a long period of
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Better fifty years of Europe than a <i>cycle</i>
of Cathay.<BR>
<i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An orderly list for a given time; a
calendar.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We . . . present our gardeners with a complete
<i>cycle</i> of what is requisite to be done throughout every
month of the year.<BR>
<i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The circle of subjects connected with
the exploits of the hero or heroes of some particular period
which have served as a popular theme for poetry, as the legend of
Arthur and the knights of the Round Table, and that of
Charlemagne and his paladins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One entire round in a
circle or a spire; as, a <i>cycle</i> or set of leaves.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A bicycle or tricycle, or other light
velocipede.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calippic cycle</b></col>, <cd>a period of 76 years, or
four Metonic cycles; -- so called from Calippus, who proposed it
as an improvement on the Metonic cycle.</cd> -- <col><b>Cycle of
eclipses</b></col>, <cd>a period of about 6,586 days, the time of
revolution of the moon's node; -- called <i>Saros</i> by the
Chaldeans.</cd> -- <col><b>Cycle of indiction</b></col>, <cd>a
period of 15 years, employed in Roman and ecclesiastical
chronology, not founded on any astronomical period, but having
reference to certain judicial acts which took place at stated
epochs under the Greek emperors.</cd> -- <col><b>Cycle of the
moon</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Metonic cycle</b></col>, <cd>a
period of 19 years, after the lapse of which the new and full
moon returns to the same day of the year; -- so called from
Meton, who first proposed it.</cd> -- <col><b>Cycle of the
sun</b></col>, <col><b>Solar cycle</b></col>, <cd>a period of 28
years, at the end of which time the days of the month return to
the same days of the week. The <i>dominical</i> or <i>Sunday
letter</i> follows the same order; hence the <i>solar cycle</i>
is also called the <i>cycle of the Sunday letter</i>. In the
Gregorian calendar the <i>solar cycle</i> is in general
interrupted at the end of the century.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cy"cle</hw> (s?"k'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cycled</u>. (-k'ld);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cycling</u> (-kl&?;ng).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass through a cycle of changes; to
recur in cycles.</def>  <i>Tennyson. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ride a bicycle, tricycle, or other
form of cycle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cyc"lic</hw> (s?k"l?k or s?"kl?k), <hw>Cyc"lic*al</hw>
(s?k"l?-k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cycluque</i>, Gr. <grk>kykliko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>ky`klos</grk>
See <u>Cycle</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a cycle or circle;
moving in cycles; as, <i>cyclical</i> time.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cyclic chorus</b></col>, <cd>the chorus which
performed the songs and dances of the dithyrambic odes at Athens,
dancing round the altar of Bacchus in a circle.</cd> --
<col><b>Cyclic poets</b></col>, <cd>certain epic poets who
followed Homer, and wrote merely on the Trojan war and its
heroes; -- so called because keeping within the circle of a
single subject. Also, any series or coterie of poets writing on
one subject.</cd>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><! p. 362 !></p>

<p><hw>Cy"clide</hw> (s?"kl?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ky`klos</grk> circle.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A surface of the
fourth degree, having certain special relations to spherical
surfaces. The tore or anchor ring is one of the
cyclides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"cling</hw> (s?"kl?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>The
act, art, or practice, of riding a cycle, esp. a bicycle or
tricycle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"clist</hw> (s?"kl?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cycler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"clo-</hw> (s?"kl?-). [Gr. <grk>ky`klos</grk> circle,
wheel.] <def>A combining form meaning <i>circular</i>, <i>of a
circle</i> or <i>wheel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`clo*bran"chi*ate</hw> (s?`kl?-br?n"k?-?t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cyclo-</i> + <i>branchiate</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>Having the gills around the margin of the
body, as certain limpets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`clo*ga"noid</hw> (s?`kl?-g?"noid or -g?n"oid),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Cycloganoidei.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`clo*ga"noid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Cycloganoidei.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cy`clo*ga*noi"de*i</hw> (s?"kl?-g?-noi"d?-?), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ky`klos</grk> circle + NL.
<i>ganoidei</i>. See <u>Ganoid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of ganoid fishes, having cycloid scales. The bowfin
(<i>Amia calva</i>) is a living example.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"clo*graph</hw> (s?"kl?-gr?f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cyclo-</i> + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>See
<u>Arcograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"cloid</hw> (s?"kloid), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cyclo-
</i> + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>cyclo&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>A curve generated by a point in the plane of a circle when
the circle is rolled along a straight line, keeping always in the
same plane.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>common cycloid</i> is the curve described when
the generating point (<i>p</i>) is on the circumference of the
generating circle; the <i>curtate cycloid</i>, when that point
lies without the circumference; the <i>prolate</i> or
<i>inflected cycloid</i>, when the generating point (<i>p</i>)
lies within that circumference.</p>

<p><hw>Cy"cloid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Cycloidei.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cycloid scale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
fish scale which is thin and shows concentric lines of growth,
without serrations on the margin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cy"cloid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Cycloidei.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*cloid"al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a cycloid; as, the
<i>cycloidal</i> space is the space contained between a cycloid
and its base.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cycloidal engine</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Geometric
lathe</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Cy*cloi"de*i</hw> (s?-kloi"d?-?), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ky`klos</grk> circle + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fishes, formerly
proposed by Agassiz, for those with thin, smooth scales,
destitute of marginal spines, as the herring and salmon. The
group is now regarded as artificial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*cloid"i*an</hw> (s?-kloid"?-<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as 2d and 3d
<u>Cycloid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*clom"e*ter</hw> (s?-kl?m"?-t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cyclo-</i>  + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>A contrivance for
recording the revolutions of a wheel, as of a bicycle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*clom"e*try</hw> (-tr?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cyclo-
</i> + <i>-metry</i>: cf. F. <i>cyclom&eacute;trie</i>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The art of measuring circles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"clone</hw> (s?"kl?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr.&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; moving in a circle, p. pr. of
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;, fr. <grk>ky`klos</grk> circle.] <i>(Meteor.)</i>
<def>A violent storm, often of vast extent, characterized by high
winds rotating about a calm center of low atmospheric pressure.
This center moves onward, often with a velocity of twenty or
thirty miles an hour.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The atmospheric disturbance usually accompanying a
cyclone, marked by an onward moving area of high pressure, is
called an <i>anticyclone</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Cy*clon"ic</hw> (s?-kl?n"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to a cyclone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"clop</hw> (s?"kl?p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See Note
under <u>Cyclops</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`clo*pe"an</hw> (s?`kl?-p?"<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Cyclopeus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;,
fr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; Cyclops: cf. F. <i>cyclopeen</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to the Cyclops; characteristic of the Cyclops;
huge; gigantic; vast and rough; massive; as, <i>Cyclopean</i>
labors; <i>Cyclopean</i> architecture.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cy`clo*pe"di*a</hw> <hw>Cy`clo*p&aelig;"di*a</hw> }
(s?`kl?-p?"d?-?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>ky`klos</grk> circle + <grk>paidei`a</grk> the bringing up
of a child, education, erudition, fr. <grk>paidey`ein</grk> to
bring up a child. See <u>Cycle</u>, and cf. <u>Encyclopedia</u>,
<u>Pedagogue</u>.] <def>The circle or compass of the arts and
sciences (originally, of the seven so-called liberal arts and
sciences); circle of human knowledge. Hence, a work containing,
in alphabetical order, information in all departments of
knowledge, or on a particular department or branch; as, a
<i>cyclopedia</i> of the physical sciences, or of mechanics. See
<u>Encyclopedia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`clo*ped"ic</hw> (s?`kl?-p?d"?k or  -p?"d?k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to the circle of the
sciences, or to a cyclopedia; of the nature of a cyclopedia;
hence, of great range, extent, or amount; as, a man of
<i>cyclopedic</i> knowledge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`clo*pe"dist</hw> (-p?"d?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A maker of, or writer for, a cyclopedia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*clop"ic</hw> (s?-kl?p"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.] <def>Pertaining to the
Cyclops; Cyclopean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"clops</hw> (s?"kl?ps), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
[L. <i>Cyclops</i>, Gr. <grk>Ky`klwps</grk> (strictly round-
eyed), pl. <grk>Ky`klwpes</grk>; <grk>ky`klos</grk> circle +
<grk>'w`ps</grk> eye.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i>
<def>One of a race of giants, sons of Neptune and Amphitrite,
having but one eye, and that in the middle of the forehead. They
were fabled to inhabit Sicily, and to assist in the workshops of
Vulcan, under Mt. Etna.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Pope, in his translation of the "Odyssey," uniformly
spells this word <i>Cyclop</i>, when used in the singular.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of minute
Entomostraca, found both in fresh and salt water. See
<u>Copepoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A portable forge, used by tinkers,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`clo*ra"ma</hw> (s?`kl?-r?"m?  or -r?"m?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Cyclo-</i> + Gr. <grk>"o`rama</grk>
sight, spectacle.] <def>A pictorial view which is extended
circularly, so that the spectator is surrounded by the objects
represented as by things in nature. The realistic effect is
increased by putting, in the space between the spectator and the
picture, things adapted to the scene represented, and in some
places only parts of these objects, the completion of them being
carried out pictorially.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"clo*scope</hw> (s?"kl?-sk?p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cyclo-</i> + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>A machine for measuring at
any moment velocity of rotation, as of a wheel of a steam
engine.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cy*clo"sis</hw> (s?-kl?"s?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>ky`klwsis</grk> circulation, from
<grk>kykloy^n</grk>. See <u>Cyclone</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
circulation or movement of protoplasmic granules within a living
vegetable cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cy`clo*stom"a*ta</hw> (s?`kl?-st?m"?-t?),
<hw>||Cy*clos"to*ma</hw> (s?-kl?s"t?-m?), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ky`klos</grk> circle +
<grk>sto`ma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk> mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of Bryozoa, in which the cells have circular
apertures.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cy"clo*stome</hw> (s?"kl?-st?m),
<hw>Cy*clos"to*mous</hw> (s?-kl?s"t?-m?s) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Cyclostomi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cy*clos"to*mi</hw> (s?-kl?s"t?-m?), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Cyclostomata</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A glass of fishes having a suckerlike mouth, without jaws,
as the lamprey; the Marsipobranchii.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`clo*sty"lar</hw> (s?`kl?-st?"?r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cyclo-</i> + Gr. <grk>sty^los</grk> column.] <def>Relating to
a structure composed of a circular range of columns, without a
core or building within.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cy"clo*style</hw> (s?"kl?-st?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cyclo</i> + <i>style</i>.] <def>A contrivance for producing
manifold copies of writing or drawing. The writing or drawing is
done with a style carrying a small wheel at the end which makes
minute punctures in the paper, thus converting it into a stencil.
Copies are transferred with an inked roller.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"der</hw> (s?"d?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cider</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Cy*do"nin</hw> (s?-d?"n?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A peculiar mucilaginous substance extracted
from the seeds of the quince (<i>Cydonia vulgaris</i>), and
regarded as a variety of amylose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyg"net</hw> (s&ibreve;g"n&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Dim. of F. <i>cygne</i> swan, L. <i>cycnus</i>. <i>cygnus</i>,
fr. Gr. <grk>ky`klos</grk>: but F. <i>cygne</i> seems to be an
etymological spelling of OF. <i>cisne</i>, fr. LL.
<i>cecinus</i>, <i>cicinus</i>, perh. ultimately also fr. Gr.
<grk>ky`klos</grk>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young swan.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cyg"nus</hw> (s?g"n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a swan.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation of the northern hemisphere
east of, or following, Lyra; the Swan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyl"in*der</hw> (s?l"?n-d?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cylindre</i>, OF. <i>cilindre</i>, L. <i>cylindrus</i>, fr.
Gr. <grk>ky`lindros</grk>, fr. <grk>kyli`ndein</grk>,
<grk>kyli`ein</grk>, to roll. Cf. <u>Calender</u> the
machine.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
solid body which may be generated by the rotation of a
parallelogram round one its sides; or a body of rollerlike form,
of which the longitudinal section is oblong, and the cross
section is circular.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The space
inclosed by any cylindrical surface. The space may be limited or
unlimited in length.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any hollow body of cylindrical
form</def>, as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The chamber of a steam
engine in which the piston is moved by the force of steam.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The barrel of an air or other
pump.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The
revolving platen or bed which produces the impression or carries
the type in a cylinder press.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The
bore of a gun; the turning chambered breech of a
revolver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The revolving square prism carrying
the cards in a Jacquard loom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cylinder axis</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Axis cylinder</i>, under <u>Axis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cylinder
engine</b></col> <i>(Paper Making)</i>, <cd>a machine in which a
cylinder takes up the pulp and delivers it in a continuous sheet
to the dryers.</cd> -- <col><b>Cylinder escapement</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Escapement</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cylinder
glass</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Glass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cylinder
mill</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Roller mill</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cylinder press</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Press</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cyl`in*dra"ceous</hw> (-dr?"sh?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>cylyndrac&eacute;</i>] <def>Cylindrical, or
approaching a cylindrical form.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cy*lin"dric</hw> (s?-l?n"dr?k), <hw>Cy*lin"dric*al</hw>
(-dr?-k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kylindriko`s</grk>, from <grk>ky`lindros</grk> cylinder: cf.
F. <i>cylindrique</i>.] <def>Having the form of a cylinder, or of
a section of its convex surface; partaking of the properties of
the cylinder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cylindrical lens</b></col>, <cd>a lens having one, or
more than one, cylindrical surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Cylindric, or
Cylindrical</b></col>, <col><b>surface</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>,
<cd>a surface described by a straight line that moves according
to any law, but so as to be constantly parallel to a given
line.</cd> -- <col><b>Cylindrical vault</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Vault</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Cy*lin"dric*al*ly</hw> (s?-l?n"dr?-k<i>a</i>l-l?),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner or shape of a cylinder;
so as to be cylindrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyl*`in*dric"i*ty</hw> (s?l`?n-dr?s"?-t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or condition of being
cylindrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*lin"dri*form</hw> (s?-l?n"dr?-f?rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cylindrus</i> (Gr.
<grk>ky`lindros</grk>) cylinder + <i>-form</i>: cf. F.
<i>cylindriforme</i>.] <def>Having the form of a
cylinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyl"in*droid</hw> (s?l"?n-droid), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>ky`lindros</grk> cylinder + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F.
<i>cylindro&iuml;de</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A solid body
resembling a right cylinder, but having the bases or ends
elliptical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A certain surface of
the third degree, described by a moving straight line; -- used to
illustrate the motions of a rigid body and also the forces acting
on the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*lin`dro*met"ric</hw>
(s&ibreve;*l&ibreve;n`dr&osl;*m&ebreve;t"r&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ky`lindros</grk> +
<grk>me`tron</grk> measure.] <def>Belonging to a scale used in
measuring cylinders.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cy"ma</hw> (s&imacr;"m&adot;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>ky^ma</grk>. See <u>Cyme</u>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A member or molding of
the cornice, the profile of which is wavelike in form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cyme. See
<u>Cyme</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cyma recta</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Cyma</b></col>, <cd>a cyma, hollow in its upper part and
swelling below.</cd> -- <col><b>Cyma reversa</b></col>, or
<col><b>Ogee</b></col>, <cd>a cyma swelling out on the upper part
and hollow below.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cy*mar"</hw> (s&imacr;*m&auml;r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>simarre</i>. See <u>Chimere</u>.] <def>A slight covering;
a scarf. See <u>Simar</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her body shaded with a light <i>cymar</i>.<BR>
<i>Dryden.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>||Cy*ma"ti*um</hw>
(s&ibreve;*m&amacr;"sh&ibreve;*&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L., fr. Gr. <grk>kyma`tion</grk>, dim. of <grk>ky^ma</grk> a
wave.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A capping or crowning molding in
classic architecture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cym"bal</hw> (s&ibreve;m"b<i>a</i>l). <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>cimbale</i>, <i>simbale</i>, OF. <i>cimbale</i>, F.
<i>cymbale</i>, L. <i>cymbalum</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>ky`mbalon</grk>,
fr. <grk>ky`mbh</grk>, <grk>ky`mbos</grk>, anything hollow,
hollow vessel, basin, akin to Skr. <i>kumbha</i> pot. Cf.
<u>Chime</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A musical instrument used
by the ancients. It is supposed to have been similar to the
modern kettle drum, though perhaps smaller.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A musical instrument of brass, shaped
like a circular dish or a flat plate, with a handle at the back;
-- used in pairs to produce a sharp ringing sound by clashing
them together.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In orchestras, one cymbal is commonly attached to the
bass drum, and the other heid in the drummer's left hand, while
his right hand uses the drumstick.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A musical instrument used by gypsies
and others, made of steel wire, in a triangular form, on which
are movable rings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cym"bal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A performer
upon cymbals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cym"bi*form</hw> (s?m"b?-f?rm),, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cymba</i> boat (Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;) + <i>-form</i>: cf. F.
<i>cymbiforme</i>.] <def>Shaped like a boat; <i>(Bot.)</i>
elongated and having the upper surface decidedly concave, as the
glumes of many grasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cym"bi*um</hw> (s?m"b?-?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
small cup, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of marine univalve shells; the gondola.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyme</hw> (s?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cyma</i> the
young sprount of a cabbage, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;, prop., anything
swollen, hence also cyme, wave, fr. &?;&?;&?; to be pregnant.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A flattish or convex flower cluster, of the
centrifugal or determinate type, differing from a corymb chiefly
in the order of the opening of the blossoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"mene</hw> (s?"m?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A colorless, liquid, combustible hydrocarbon,
CH<sub>3</sub>.
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>, of pleasant 
odor, obtained from oil of cumin, oil of
caraway, carvacrol, camphor, etc.; -- called also
<i>paracymene</i>, and formerly <i>camphogen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"me*nol</hw> (s?"m?-n?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Carvacrol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"mi*dine</hw> ( s?"m?-d?n or -d?n; 104),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid organic base,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>13</sub>.NH<sub>2</sub>, derived from
cymene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*mif"er*ous</hw> (s?-m?f"?r-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Cyme</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing cymes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cym"ling</hw>, <hw>Cymb"ling</hw> (s?m"l?ng) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scalloped or "pattypan" variety of
summer squash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"mo*gene</hw> (s?"m?-j?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A highly volatile liquid, condensed by cold
and pressure from the first products of the distillation of
petroleum; -- used for producing low temperatures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"moid</hw> (s?"moid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Cyme</i>
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form of a
cyme.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cym"o*phane</hw> (s?m"?-f?n or s?"m?-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?;&?;&?; wave + &?;&?;&?; To appear:
cf. F. <i>cymophane</i>. So named in allusion to a peculiar
opalescence often seen in it.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Chrysoberyl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*moph"a*nous</hw> (s?-m?f"?-n?s or s?-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a wavy, floating light;
opalescent; chatoyant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cy"mose</hw> (s?"m?s; 277), <hw>Cy"mous</hw> (s?"m?s), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cymosus</i> full of shoots: cf. FF.
<i>cymeux</i>. See Cyme.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the nature of
a cyme, or derived from a cyme; bearing, or pertaining to, a cyme
or cymes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cym"ric</hw> (k?m"r?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [W.
<i>Cymru</i> Wales.] <def>Welsh.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The Welsh language.</def> [Written also <i>Kymric</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cym"ry</hw> (-r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W., <i>pl</i>.]
<def>A collective term for the Welsh race; -- so called by
themselves .</def> [<i>Written also Cymri</i>, <i>Cwmry</i>,
<i>Kymry</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Cy"mule</hw> (s?"m?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>cymula</i> a tender sprout, dim. of <i>cyna</i>. See
<u>Cyme</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small cyme, or one of very few
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cy*nan"che</hw> (s?-n?n"k?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; a dog's collar, a bad kind of sore
throat. Cf. <u>Quinsy</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any disease of the
tonsils, throat, or windpipe, attended with inflammation,
swelling, and difficulty of breathing and swallowing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*nan"thro*py</hw> (s?-n?n"thr?-p?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; of a dog-man; &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, dog +
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; man: cf. F. <i>cynanthropie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A kind of madness in which men fancy themselves changed into
dogs, and imitate the voice and habits of that animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyn`arc*tom"a*chy</hw> (s?n`?rk-t?m"?-k?).
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, dog +
&?;&?;&?; bear + &?;&?;&?; fight.] <def>Bear baiting with a
dog.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cyn`ar*rho"di*um</hw> (s?n`?r-r?"d?-?m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; dog-rose;
&?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, dog + &?;&?;&?; rose.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A fruit like that of the rose, consisting of a cup formed of
the calyx tube and receptacle, and containing achenes.</def></p>

<p><! p. 363 !></p>

<p><hw>Cyn`e*get"ics</hw>
(s&ibreve;n`&esl;*j&ebreve;t"&ibreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>kynhgetikh`</grk> (sc. <grk>te`chnh</grk> art), fr.
<grk>kynhge`ths</grk> hunter; <grk>ky`wn</grk>,
<grk>kyno`s</grk>, dog + &?;&?;&?; to lead.] <def>The art of
hunting with dogs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cyn"ic</hw> (s&ibreve;n"&ibreve;k), <hw>Cyn"ic*al</hw>
(-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cynicus</i>
of the sect of Cynics, fr. Gr. <grk>kyniko`s</grk>, prop., dog-
like, fr. <grk>ky`wn</grk>, <grk>kyno`s</grk>, dog. See
<u>Hound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the qualities of a
surly dog; snarling; captious; currish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hope it is no very <i>cynical</i> asperity not
to confess obligations where no benefit has been received.<BR>
<i>Johnson.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the Dog Star; as, the
<i>cynic</i>, or Sothic, year; <i>cynic</i> cycle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the sect of philosophers
called cynics; having the qualities of a cynic; pertaining to, or
resembling, the doctrines of the cynics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Given to sneering at rectitude and the
conduct of life by moral principles; disbelieving in the reality
of any human purposes which are not suggested or directed by
self-interest or self-indulgence; as, a <i>cynical</i> man who
scoffs at pretensions of integrity; characterized by such
opinions; as, <i>cynical</i> views of human nature.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In prose, <i>cynical</i> is used rather than
<i>cynic</i>, in the senses 1 and 4.</p>

<p><col><b>Cynic spasm</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a convulsive
contraction of the muscles of one side of the face, producing a
sort of grin, suggesting certain movements in the upper lip of a
dog.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cyn"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gr. Philos)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of a sect or school of philosophers
founded by Antisthenes, and of whom Diogenes was a disciple. The
first Cynics were noted for austere lives and their scorn for
social customs and current philosophical opinions. Hence the term
Cynic symbolized, in the popular judgment, moroseness, and
contempt for the views of others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who holds views resembling those
of the Cynics; a snarler; a misanthrope; particularly, a person
who believes that human conduct is directed, either consciously
or unconsciously, wholly by self-interest or self-indulgence, and
that appearances to the contrary are superficial and
untrustworthy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He could obtain from one morose <i>cynic</i>,
whose opinion it was impossible to despise, scarcely any not
acidulated with scorn.<BR>
<i>Macaulay.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cyn"ic*al*ly</hw>
(s&ibreve;n"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a cynical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyn"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being cynical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyn"i*cism</hw> (s&ibreve;n"&ibreve;*s&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine of the Cynics; the quality
of being cynical; the mental state, opinions, or conduct, of a
cynic; morose and contemptuous views and opinions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cy*noi"de*a</hw> (s?-noi"d?-a), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, a dog + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Carnivora, including the
dogs, wolves, and foxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cyn`o*rex"i*a</hw> (s?n`?-r?ks"?-?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, dog +
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; appetite. ] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A voracious
appetite, like that of a starved dog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`no*su"ral</hw> (s?`n?-sh?"r<i>a</i>l or  s?n`?-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
cynosure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"no*sure</hw> (s?"n?-sh?r or s?n"?-sh?r; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Cynosura</i> theconstellation
Cynosure, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; dog's tail, the constellation
Cynosure; &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, dog + &?;&?;&?;&?; tail.
See<u>Cynic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The constellation of
the Lesser Bear, to which, as containing the polar star, the eyes
of mariners and travelers were often directed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which serves to direct.</def>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything to which attention is
strongly turned; a center of attraction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where perhaps some beauty lies,<BR>
The <i>cynosure</i> of neighboring eyes.<BR>
<i>Milton.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cy"on</hw> (s?"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cion</u>, and <u>Scion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyp`er*a"ceous</hw> (s?p`?r-?"sh?s or s?`p?r-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
resembling, a large family of plants of which the sedge is the
type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyp"e*rus</hw> (s?p"?-r?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; sedge.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large genus of
plants belonging to the Sedge family, and including the species
called galingale, several bulrushes, and the Egyptian
papyrus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"pher</hw> (s?"f?r), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cipher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cyph`o*nau"tes</hw> (s?f`?-n?"t?z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?; bent + &?;&?;&?;&?; sailor.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The free-swimming, bivalve larva of
certain Bryozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyph"o*nism</hw> (s?f`?-n?z'm or s&?;"f&?;-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a
crooked piece of wood, a sort of pillory, fr. &?;&?;&?; bent,
stooping.] <def>A punishment sometimes used by the ancients,
consisting in the besmearing of the criminal with honey, and
exposing him to insects. It is still in use among some Oriental
nations.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cy*pr&aelig;"a</hw> (s?-pr?"?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL.; cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a name of Venus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of mollusks, including the cowries. See
<u>Cowrie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`pres"</hw> (s?`pr?"  or s?`pr?s"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF., nearly.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A rule for construing written
instruments so as to conform as nearly to the intention of the
parties as is consistent with law.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cy"press</hw> (s?"pr?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cypresses</b></plw> (-&?;z). [OE. <i>cipres</i>,
<i>cipresse</i>, OF. <i>cipres</i>, F.  <i>cypr&?;s</i>, L.
<i>cupressus</i>, <i>cyparissus</i> (cf. the usual Lat. form
<i>cupressus</i>), fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, perh. of Semitic origin;
cf. Heb. <i>g&?;pher</i>, Gen. vi. 14.] <i>(Bot)</i> <def>A
coniferous tree of the genus <i>Cupressus</i>. The species are
mostly evergreen, and have wood remarkable for its
durability.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the trees called <i>cypress</i> are the common
Oriental cypress, <i>Cupressus sempervirens</i>, the evergreen
American cypress, <i>C. thyoides</i> (now called <i>Chamaecyparis
sphaeroidea</i>), and the deciduous American cypress, <i>Taxodium
distichum</i>. As having anciently been used at funerals, and to
adorn tombs, the Oriental species is an emblem of mourning and
sadness.</p>

<p><col><b>Cypress vine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a climbing
plant with red or white flowers (<i>Ipot&oelig;a Quamoclit</i>,
formerly <i>Quamoclit vulgaris</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cyp"ri*an</hw> (s?p"r?-a]/>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Cyprius</i>, fr. <i>Cyprus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, an island in
the Mediterranean, renowned for the worship of Venus.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to Cyprus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining, or conducing to,
lewdness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyp"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Cyprus, especially of ancient
Cyprus; a Cypriot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lewd woman; a harlot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyp"rine</hw> (s?p"r?n or s?"pr?n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. <u>Cypress</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
cypress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyp"rine</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cyprinoid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Cyprinoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*prin"o*dont</hw> (s?-pr?n"?-d?nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; kind of carp + &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, a
tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
<i>Cyprinodontidae</i>, a family of fishes including the
killifishes or minnows. See <u>Minnow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyp"ri*noid</hw> (s?p"r?-noid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; a kind of carp + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like the carp (<i>Cyprinus</i>).</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the <i>Cyprinidae</i>, or Carp
family, as the goldfish, barbel, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyp"ri*ot</hw> (s?p"r?-?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>Cypriot</i>, <i>Chypriot</i>.] <def>A native or inhabitant of
Cyprus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cyp`ri*pe"di*um</hw> (s?p`r?-p?"d?-?m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. <i>Cypris</i> Venus + <i>pes</i>,
<i>pedis</i>, foot.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of orchidaceous
plants including the lady's slipper.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cy"pris</hw> (s?"pr?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Cyprides</b></plw> (s&?;p"r&?;-d&?;z). [L. <i>Cypris</i>,
the Cyprian goddess Venus, Gr. <grk>Ky`pris</grk>. See
<u>Cyprian</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small,
bivalve, fresh-water Crustacea, belonging to the Ostracoda; also,
a member of this genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"prus</hw> (s?"pr?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>cipres</i>, <i>cypirs</i>; perh. so named as being first
manufactured in Cyprus. Cf. <u>Cipers</u>.] <def>A thin,
transparent stuff, the same as, or corresponding to, crape. It
was either white or black, the latter being most common, and used
for mourning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lawn as white as driven snow,<BR>
<i>Cyprus</i> black as e'er was crow.<BR>
<i>Shak.</i></blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Cy"prus*lawn`</hw> (-l?n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Cyprus</u>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cyp"se*la</hw> (s?p"s?-l?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; any hollow vessel.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
one-seeded, one-celled, indehiscent fruit; an achene with the
calyx tube adherent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyp*sel"i*form</hw> (s?p-s?l"?-f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>cypselus</i> a kind of swallow, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; + <i>-
form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or belonging to the
swifts (<i>Cypselid&aelig;</i>.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyr`e*na"ic</hw> (s?r`?-n?"?k or s?`r?-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Cyrenaicus</i>, fr. <i>Cyrene</i>, in
Libya.] <def>Pertaining to Cyrenaica, an ancient country of
northern Africa, and to Cyrene, its principal city; also, to a
school of philosophy founded by Aristippus, a native of
Cyrene.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of Cyrenaica;
also, a disciple of the school of Aristippus. See
<u>Cyrenian</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*re"ni*an</hw> (s?-r?"n?-a]/>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to Cyrene, in Africa; Cyrenaic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*re"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Cyrene.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a school of philosophers,
established at Cyrene by Aristippus, a disciple of Socrates.
Their doctrines were nearly the same as those of the
Epicureans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyr`i*o*log"ic</hw> (s?r`?-?-l?j"?k or s?`r?-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Curiologic</u>.] <def>Relating to
capital letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyr"to*style</hw> (s?r"t?-st?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; bent + &?;&?;&?; pillar.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
circular projecting portion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyst</hw> (s&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ky`stis</grk> bladder, bag, pouch, fr. <grk>ky`ein</grk> to
be pregnant. Cf. <u>Cyme</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pouch or sac without opening, usually
membranous and containing morbid matter, which is accidentally
developed in one of the natural cavities or in the substance of
an organ.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In old authors, the
urinary bladder, or the gall bladder.</def> [Written also
<i>cystis</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the bladders or
air vessels of certain alg&aelig;, as of the great kelp of the
Pacific, and common rockweeds (<i>Fuci</i>) of our shores.</def>
<i>D. C. Eaton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A small capsule or sac of the kind in which many immature
entozoans exist in the tissues of living animals; also, a similar
form in Rotifera, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A form
assumed by Protozoa in which they become saclike and quiescent.
It generally precedes the production of germs. See
<u>Encystment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyst"ed</hw> (s?s"t?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclosed
in a cyst.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyst"ic</hw> (s?s"t?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cystique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of, or
living in, a cyst; as, the <i>cystic</i> entozoa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing cysts; cystose; as,
<i>cystic</i> sarcoma.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
contained in, a cyst; esp., pertaining to, or contained in,
either the urinary bladder or the gall bladder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cystic duct</b></col>, <cd>the duct from the gall
bladder which unites with the hepatic to form the common bile
duct.</cd> -- <col><b>Cystic worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a larval tape worm, as the cysticercus and
echinococcus.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cys"ti*cerce</hw> (s?s"t?-s?rs), <hw>Cys`ti*cer"cus</hw>
(-s?r"k?s), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>cysticercus</i>, fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; bladder + &?;&?;&?;&?; tail: cf. F.
<i>cysticerque</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larval form of
a tapeworm, having the head and neck of a tapeworm attached to a
saclike body filled with fluid; -- called also <i>bladder
worm</i>, <i>hydatid</i>, and <i>measle</i> (as, pork
<i>measle</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; These larvae live in the tissues of various living
animals, and, when swallowed by a suitable carnivorous animal,
develop into adult tapeworms in the intestine. See
<u>Measles</u>, 4, <u>Tapeworm</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Cys"ti*cule</hw> (s?s"t?-k?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim.
of <i>cyst</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An appendage of the
vestibular ear sac of fishes.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cys"tid</hw> (s?s"t?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Cystidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cys*tid"e*a</hw> (s?s-t?d"?-?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a bladder, pouch.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of Crinoidea, mostly fossils of the Paleozoic
rocks. They were usually roundish or egg-shaped, and often
unsymmetrical; some were sessile, others had short
stems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cys*tid"e*an</hw> (-t?d"?-a]/>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Cystidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyst"ine</hw> (s?s"t?n; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Cyst</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline
substance, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NSO<sub>2</sub>, containing
sulphur, occuring as a constituent of certain rare urinary
calculi, and occasionally found as a sediment in urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cys"tis</hw> (s?s"t?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
cyst. See <u>Cyst</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cys*ti"tis</hw> (s?s-t?"t?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Cyst</i> +  <i>-itis</i>: cf. F. <i>cystite</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cys"to*carp</hw> (s?s"t?-k?rp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; bladder + <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A minute vesicle in a red seaweed, which contains the
reproductive spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cys"to*cele</hw> (-s?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; bladder + &?;&?;&?; tumor: cf. F. <i>cystocele</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hernia in which the urinary bladder protrudes;
vesical hernia.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cys"toid</hw>, <hw>Cys*toid"e*an</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Cystidean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cys*toi"de*a</hw> (s?s-toi"d?-?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Cystidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cys"to*lith</hw> (s?s"t?-l?th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; bladder + <i>-lith</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A concretion of mineral matter within a leaf
or other part of a plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A urinary
calculus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cys`to*lith"ic</hw> (-l?th"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Relating to stone in the bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cys"to*plast</hw> (-pl?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; bladder + &?;&?;&?; to form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
nucleated cell having an envelope or cell wall, as a red blood
corpuscle or an epithelial cell; a cell concerned in
growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyst"ose</hw> (s?s"t?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing, or resembling, a cyst or cysts; cystic;
bladdery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cys"to*tome</hw> (s?s"t?-t?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?; bladder + &?;&?;&?;&?; to cut: cf. F.
<i>cystotome</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A knife or instrument used
in cystotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cys*tot"o*my</hw> (s??s-t?t"?-m?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; bladder + &?;&?;&?;&?; to cut: cf. F.
<i>cystotomie</i>.] <def>The act or practice of opening cysts;
esp., the operation of cutting into the bladder, as for the
extraction of a calculus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cyth`er*e"an</hw> (s?th`?r--?"<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Cythereus</i>, from <i>Cythera</i>,
Gr. &?;&?;&?;, now <i>Cerigo</i>, an island in the &AElig;gean
Sea, celebrated for the worship of Venus.] <def>Pertaining to the
goddess Venus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"to*blast</hw> (s?"t?-bl?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; hollow vessel + <i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The nucleus of a cell; the germinal or active spot of a
cellule, through or in which cell development takes
place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`to*blas*te"ma</hw> (-bl?s-t?"m?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?; hollow vessel + &?;&?;&?;&?; growth.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See <u>Protoplasm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`to*coc"cus</hw> (-k?k"k?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Cytococci</b></plw> (-s&?;). [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; hollow vessel + &?;&?;&?;&?; kernel.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The nucleus of the cytula or parent cell.</def>
<i>H&aelig;ckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cy"tode</hw> (s?"t?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; hollow vessel, from &?;&?;&?;&?;. See <u>Cyst</u>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A nonnucleated mass of protoplasm, the
supposed simplest form of independent life differing from the
<i>amoeba</i>, in which nuclei are present.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy`to*gen"e*sis</hw> (s?`t?-j?n"?-s?s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; hollow vessel + E.
<i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Development of cells in
animal and vegetable organisms. See <u>Gemmation</u>,
<u>Budding</u>, <u>Karyokinesis</u>; also <i>Cell
development</i>, under <u>Cell</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cy`to*gen"ic</hw> (s?`t?-j?n"?k),
<hw>Cy`to*ge*net"ic</hw> (-j?-n?t"?k), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to <i>cytogenesis</i> or
cell development.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*tog"e*nous</hw> (s?-t?j"?-n?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Producing cells; -- applied esp. to
lymphatic, or adenoid, tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*tog"e*ny</hw> (-n?), <pos><i>n .</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Cell production or development;
cytogenesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"toid</hw> (s?"toid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; hollow vessel + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Cell-like; -- applied to the corpuscles of lymph, blood,
chyle, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"to*plasm</hw> (s?"t?-pl?z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; hollow vessel + &?;&?;&?;&?; a mold.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The substance of the body of a cell, as distinguished from
the <i>karyoplasma</i>, or substance of the nucleus.</def> --
<wf>Cy`to*plas"mic</wf> (-pl&?;z"m&?;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Cyt"u*la</hw> (s?t"?-l?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a hollow vessel.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
fertilized egg cell or parent cell, from the development of which
the child or other organism is formed.</def>
<i>H&aelig;ckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Czar</hw> (z&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>tsare</i>, fr. L. <i>Caesar</i> C&aelig;sar; cf. OPol.
<i>czar</i>, Pol.  <i>car</i>. ] <def>A king; a chief; the title
of the emperor of Russia.</def> [Written also <i>tzar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Cza*rev"na</hw> (z?-r?v"n?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>tsarevna</i>.] <def>The title of the wife of the
czarowitz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cza*ri"na</hw> (z?-r?"n?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>Zarin</i>, <i>Czarin</i>, fem., Russ. <i>tsaritsa</i>.]
<def>The title of the empress of Russia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cza*rin"i*an</hw> (z?-r?n"?-<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the czar or the
czarina; czarish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Czar"ish</hw> (z?r"?sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the czar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Czar"o*witz</hw> (z?r"?-w?ts or  t??r"?-v?ch),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Czarowitzes</b></plw> (-
&?;z). [Russ. <i>tsar&eacute;vich'</i>.] <def>The title of the
eldest son of the czar of Russia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Czech</hw> (ch?k; 204), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the Czechs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of the Czechs (often
called Bohemian), the harshest and richest of the Slavic
languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Czech"ic</hw> (ch?k"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Czechs.</def> "One <i>Czechic</i> realm."
<i>The Nation.</i></p>

<p><hw>Czechs</hw> (ch?ks), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
<i>sing.</i> <singw><b>Czech</b></singw>.  [Named after their
chieftain, <i>Czech</i>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>The most westerly
branch of the great Slavic family of nations, numbering now more
than 6,000,000, and found principally in Bohemia and
Moravia.</def></p>

<p></p>
<p><! p. 364 !></p>

<p><point26>D.</point26></p>

<p><hw>D</hw> (d&emacr;) <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fourth letter of
the English alphabet, and a vocal consonant. The English letter is
from Latin, which is from Greek, which took it from Ph&oelig;nician,
the probable ultimate origin being Egyptian. It is related most
nearly to <i>t</i> and <i>th</i>; as, Eng. <i>d</i>eep, G.
<i>t</i>ief; Eng. <i>d</i>aughter, G. <i>t</i>ochter, Gr.
<grk>qyga`thr</grk>, Skr. <i>d</i>uhitr. See <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &radic;178, 179, 229.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The nominal of the second
tone in the model major scale (that in C), or of the fourth tone in
the relative minor scale of C (that in A minor), or of the key tone
in the relative minor of F.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>As a numeral D stands for 500. in this use
it is not the initial of any word, or even strictly a letter, but one
half of the sign &?; (or &?; ) the original Tuscan numeral for
1000.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dab</hw> (d&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. corrupted
fr. <i>adept</i>.] <def>A skillful hand; a dabster; an expert.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One excels at a plan or the titlepage, another works
away at the body of the book, and the third is a <i>dab</i> at an
index.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. so named from its
quickness in diving beneath the sand.  Cf. <u>Dabchick</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name given to several species of
flounders, esp. to the European species, <i>Pleuronectes limanda</i>.
The American rough dab is <i>Hippoglossoides
platessoides</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dab</hw> (d&abreve;b), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dabbed</u> (d&abreve;bd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dabbing</u>.] [OE. <i>dabben</i> to strice; akin to
OD. <i>dabben</i> to pinch, knead, fumble, dabble, and perh. to G.
<i>tappen</i> to grope.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike or touch
gently, as with a soft or moist substance; to tap; hence, to besmear
with a dabber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sore should . . . be wiped . . . only by
<i>dabbing</i> it over with fine lint.</blockquote> <i>S.
Sharp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike by a thrust; to hit with a
sudden blow or thrust.</def> "To <i>dab</i> him in the neck."  <i>Sir
T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dab</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
gentle blow with the hand or some soft substance; a sudden blow or
hit; a peck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A scratch of her claw, a <i>dab</i> of her
beak.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small mass of anything soft or
moist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dabb</hw> (d&adot;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large, spine-tailed lizard (<i>Uromastix spinipes</i>), found
in Egypt, Arabia, and Palestine; -- called also <i>dhobb</i>, and
<i>dhubb</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dab"ber</hw> (d&abreve;b"b&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>That with which one dabs; hence, a pad or other device used by
printers, engravers, etc., as for dabbing type or engraved plates
with ink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dab"ble</hw> (d&abreve;b"b'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dabbled</u> (-b'ld); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dabbling</u> (-b'l&ibreve;ng).] [Freq. of
<i>dab</i>: cf. OD. <i>dabbelen</i>.] <def>To wet by little dips or
strokes; to spatter; to sprinkle; to moisten; to wet.</def> "Bright
hair <i>dabbled</i> in blood."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To play in water, as with the hands; to paddle or splash in mud
or water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the duck <i>dabbles</i> 'mid the rustling
sedge.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To work in slight or superficial manner;
to do in a small way; to tamper; to meddle.</def> "<i>Dabbling</i>
here and there with the text."  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>During the first year at Dumfries, Burns for the first
time began to <i>dabble</i> in politics.</blockquote> <i>J. C.
Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dab"bler</hw> (d&abreve;b"bl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who dabbles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who dips slightly into anything; a
superficial meddler.</def> "our <i>dabblers</i> in politics."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dab"bling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dabbling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dab"chick`</hw> (d&abreve;b"ch&ibreve;k`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>dabchick</i>. See <u>Dap</u>,
<u>Dip</u>, cf. <u>Dipchick</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
water bird (<i>Podilymbus podiceps</i>), allied to the grebes,
remarkable for its quickness in diving; -- called also
<i>dapchick</i>, <i>dobchick</i>, <i>dipchick</i>, <i>didapper</i>,
<i>dobber</i>, <i>devil-diver</i>, <i>hell-diver</i>, and <i>pied-
billed grebe</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Da*boi"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large and highly venomous Asiatic viper (<i>Daboia
xanthica</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Dab"ster</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Dab</u> an
expert.] <def>One who is skilled; a master of his business; a
proficient; an adept.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>&fist; Sometimes improperly used for <i>dabbler</i>; as, "I am but
a <i>dabster</i> with gentle art."</p>

<p><hw>||Da`ca"po</hw> (?). [It., from [the] head or beginning.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>From the beginning; a direction to return to, and
end with, the first strain; -- indicated by the letters <i>D. C.</i>
Also, the strain so repeated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>dare</i>,
<i>dart</i>, fr. F. <i>dard</i> dase, dart, of German origin.
<i>Dace</i> is for an older <i>darce</i>, fr. an OF. nom.
<i>darz</i>. See <u>Dart</u> a javelin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small European cyprinoid fish (<i>Squalius leuciscus</i> or
<i>Leuciscus vulgaris</i>); -- called also <i>dare</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In America the name is given to several related fishes of
the genera <i>Squalius</i>, <i>Minnilus</i>, etc. The black-nosed
dace is <i>Rhinichthys atronasus</i> the horned dace is <i>Semotilus
corporalis</i>. For red dace, see <u>Redfin</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Dachs"hund`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., from
<i>dachs</i> badger + <i>hund</i> dog.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of a breed of small dogs with short crooked legs, and long body; --
called also <i>badger dog</i>. There are two kinds, the rough-haired
and the smooth-haired.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Dacia or the Dacians.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A native
of ancient Dacia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da*coit"</hw> (d&adot;*koit"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>&dsdot;akait</i>, <i>&dsdot;&amacr;k&amacr;yat</i>.] <def>One of a
class of robbers, in India, who act in gangs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da*coit"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice of
gang robbery in India; robbery committed by dacoits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da*co"tahs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Dacotan</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Dacotas</u>.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dac"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dactylus</i>,
Gr. <grk>da`ktylos</grk> a finger, a dactyl.  Cf. <u>Digit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A poetical foot of three
sylables (&mdash; &ssmile; &ssmile;), one long followed by two short,
or one accented followed by two unaccented; as, L.
<i>t&euml;gm&ibreve;n&ebreve;</i>, E. <i>mer\b6ciful</i>; -- so
called from the similarity of its arrangement to that of the joints
of a finger.</def> [Written also <i>dactyle</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
finger or toe; a digit.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The claw or
terminal joint of a leg of an insect or crustacean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dac"tyl*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to dactyl; dactylic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
finger or toe, or to the claw of an insect crustacean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dac"tyl*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dactyl</i> +
<i>&?;et</i>.] <def>A dactyl.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dac*tyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dactylicus</i>, Gr. <i>&?;</i>, fr. <i>&?;</i>.] <def>Pertaining
to, consisting chiefly or wholly of, dactyls; as, <i>dactylic</i>
verses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dac*tyl"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A line consisting chiefly or wholly of dactyls; as, these lines
are <i>dactylics</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Dactylic meters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dac*tyl"i*o*glyph</hw>
(d&abreve;k*t&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*&osl;*gl&ibreve;f),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>daktyliogly`fos</grk> an engraver of
gems; <grk>dakty`lios</grk> finger ring (fr. <grk>da`ktylos</grk>
finger) + <grk>gly`fein</grk> to engrave.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An engraver of gems for rings and other
ornaments.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The inscription of the
engraver's name on a finger ring or gem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dac*tyl`i*og"ly*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
art or process of gem engraving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dac*tyl`i*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dakty`lios</grk> finger ring + <i>-graphy</i>.] <i>(Fine
Arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The art of writing or engraving
upon gems.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In general, the literature
or history of the art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dac*tyl`i*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dakty`lios</grk> finger ring + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That branch of arch&aelig;ology which has to
do with gem engraving.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That branch of
arch&aelig;ology which has to do with finger rings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dac*tyl"i*o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dakty`lios</grk> + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by means of
finger rings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dac"tyl*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
dactylic verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dac`tyl*i"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>da`ktylos</grk> finger + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
inflammatory affection of the fingers.</def>  <i>Gross.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dac`tyl*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>da`ktylos</grk> finger + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The art of
communicating ideas by certain movements and positions of the
fingers; -- a method of conversing practiced by the deaf and
dumb.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are two different manual alphabets, the <i>one-
hand</i> alphabet (which was perfected by Abb&eacute; de
l'Ep&eacute;e, who died in 1789), and the <i>two-hand</i> alphabet.
The latter was probably based on the manual alphabet published by
George Dalgarus of Aberdeen, in 1680. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</p>

<p><hw>Dac*tyl"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Dactyliomancy.</def> [R.]  <i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dac`tyl*on"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>da`ktylos</grk> finger + <grk>no`mos</grk> law, distribution.]
<def>The art of numbering or counting by the fingers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dac`tyl*op"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>da`ktylos</grk> finger + <i>&?;</i> wing, fin.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the inferior rays of the pectoral
fins partially or entirely free, as in the gurnards.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dac`ty*lo*the"ca</hw>
(d&abreve;k`t&ibreve;*l&osl;*th&emacr;"k&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>da`ktylos</grk> finger, toe + <grk>qh`kh</grk>
case, box.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The scaly covering of the toes,
as in birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dac`tyl*o*zo"oid</hw>
(d&abreve;k`t&ibreve;*l&osl;*z&omacr;"oid), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>da`ktylos</grk> finger + E. <i>zooid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A kind of zooid of Siphonophora which has an elongated or even
vermiform body, with one tentacle, but no mouth. See
<u>Siphonophora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dad</hw> (d&abreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. of Celtic
origin; cf. Ir. <i>daid</i>, Gael. <i>daidein</i>, W. <i>tad</i>, OL.
<i>tata</i>, Gr. <grk>ta`ta</grk>, <grk>te`tta</grk>, Skr.
<i>t&amacr;ta</i>.] <def>Father; -- a word sometimes used by
children.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was never so bethumped with words,<BR>
Since I first called my brother's father <i>dad</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dad"dle</hw> (d&abreve;d"d'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Daddled</u> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Daddling</u>.] [Prob. freq. of <i>dade</i>.]
<def>To toddle; to walk unsteadily, like a child or an old man;
hence, to do anything slowly or feebly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dad"dock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>dad</i> a large piece.] <def>The rotten body of a tree.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dad"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Diminutive of
<u>Dad</u>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dad"dy long"legs`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An arachnidan of the genus
<i>Phalangium</i>, and allied genera, having a small body and four
pairs of long legs; -- called also <i>harvestman</i>, <i>carter</i>,
and <i>grandfather longlegs</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name applied to many
species of dipterous insects of the genus <i>Tipula</i>, and allied
genera, with slender bodies, and very long, slender legs; the crane
fly; -- called also <i>father longlegs</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dade</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Of. uncertain origin.
Cf. <u>Dandle</u>, <u>Daddle</u>.] <def>To hold up by leading strings
or by the hand, as a child while he toddles.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Little children when they learn to go<BR>
By painful mothers <i>daded</i> to and fro.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dade</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To walk unsteadily, as
a child in leading strings, or just learning to walk; to move
slowly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No sooner taught to <i>dade</i>, but from their mother
trip.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Da"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dadoes</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>dado</i> die, cube, pedestal;
of the same origin as E. <i>die</i>, <i>n.</i> See <u>Die</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That
part of a pedestal included between the base and the cornice (or
surbase); the die. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Column</u>.</def> Hence:
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In any wall, that part of the basement
included between the base and the base course.  See <i>Base
course</i>, under <u>Base</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In
interior decoration, the lower part of the wall of an apartment when
adorned with moldings, or otherwise specially decorated.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>D&aelig;"dal</hw> (?), <hw>D&aelig;*dal"ian</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>daedalus</i> cunningly wrought, fr. Gr.
<i>&?;</i>; cf. <i>&?;</i> to work cunningly. The word also alludes
to the mythical D&aelig;dalus (Gr. <i>&?;</i>, lit., the cunning
worker).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cunningly or ingeniously formed or
working; skillful; artistic; ingenious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our bodies decked in our <i>d&aelig;dalian</i>
arms.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>d&aelig;dal</i> hand of Nature.</blockquote>
<i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The doth the <i>d&aelig;dal</i> earth throw forth to
thee,<BR>
Out of her fruitful, abundant flowers.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Crafty; deceitful.</def> [R.]
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>D&aelig;d"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having a variously cut or incised margin; -- said of
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>D&aelig;"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>D&aelig;*mon"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Demon</u>, <u>Demonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Doff</u>.]
<def>To cast aside; to put off; to doff.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Canst thou so <i>daff</i> me? Thou hast killed my
child.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Daft</u>.] <def>A
stupid, blockish fellow; a numskull.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 365 !></p>

<p><hw>Daff</hw> (d&adot;f), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act
foolishly; to be foolish or sportive; to toy.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To daunt.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daf"fo*dil</hw> (d&abreve;f"f&osl;*d&ibreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>affodylle</i>, prop., the asphodel, fr.
LL. <i>affodillus</i> (cf. D. <i>affodille</i> or OF.
<i>asphodile</i>, <i>aphodille</i>, F. <i>asphod&egrave;le</i>), L.
<i>asphodelus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>'asfo`delos</grk>. The initial
<i>d</i> in English is not satisfactorily explained. See
<u>Asphodel</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plant of
the genus <i>Asphodelus</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A plant
of the genus <i>Narcissus</i> (<i>N. Pseudo-narcissus</i>). It has a
bulbous root and beautiful flowers, usually of a yellow hue. Called
also <i>daffodilly</i>, <i>daffadilly</i>, <i>daffadowndilly</i>,
<i>daffydowndilly</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With damask roses and <i>daffadillies</i>
set.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Strow me the ground with <i>daffadowndillies</i>,<BR>
And cowslips, and kingcups, and loved lilies.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A college gown<BR>
That clad her like an April <i>daffodilly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And chance-sown <i>daffodil</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daft</hw> (d&adot;ft), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>daft</i>,
<i>deft</i>, <i>deft</i>, stupid; prob. the same word as E.
<i>deft</i>. See <u>Deft</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Stupid;
foolish; idiotic; also, delirious; insane; as, he has gone
<i>daft</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us think no more of this <i>daft</i>
business</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gay; playful; frolicsome.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daft"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
daft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dag</hw> (d&abreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dague</i>, LL. <i>daga</i>, D. <i>dagge</i> (fr. French); all
prob. fr. Celtic; Cf. Gael. <i>dag</i> a pistol, Armor. <i>dag</i>
dagger, W. <i>dager</i>, <i>dagr</i>, Ir. <i>daigear</i>.  Cf.
<u>Dagger</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dagger; a poniard.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large pistol formerly used.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Spaniards discharged their <i>dags</i>, and hurt
some.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sort of pistol, called <i>dag</i>, was used about
the same time as hand guns and harquebuts.</blockquote>
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The unbranched antler
of a young deer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin; cf. Sw.
<i>dagg</i>, Icel. <i>d&ouml;gg</i>. &radic;71. See <u>Dew</u>.]
<def>A misty shower; dew.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dagge</i> (cf.
<u>Dagger</u>); or cf. AS. <i>d&amacr;g</i> what is dangling.] <def>A
loose end; a dangling shred.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Daglocks, clotted locks hanging in <i>dags</i> or jags
at a sheep's tail.</blockquote> <i>Wedgwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1, from <u>Dag</u> dew. 2,
from <u>Dag</u> a loose end.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To daggle or
bemire.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut into jags or points; to slash; as,
to <i>dag</i> a garment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dag</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be misty; to
drizzle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Dag"ger</hw> (-g&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>daggen</i> to pierce, F. <i>daguer</i>. See <u>Dag</u> a dagger.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short weapon used for stabbing. This is the
general term: cf. <u>Poniard</u>, <u>Stiletto</u>, <u>Bowie
knife</u>, <u>Dirk</u>, <u>Misericorde</u>, <u>Anlace</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A mark of reference in the
form of a dagger [&dagger;]. It is the second in order when more than
one reference occurs on a page; -- called also
<i>obelisk</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dagger moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any moth of
the genus <i>Apatalea</i>. The larv&aelig; are often destructive to
the foliage of fruit trees, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Dagger of
lath</b></col>, <cd>the wooden weapon given to the Vice in the old
Moralities.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Double dagger</b></col>,
<cd>a mark of reference [&Dagger;] which comes next in order after
the dagger.</cd> -- <col><b>To look, or speak</b></col>,
<col><b>daggers</b></col>, <cd>to look or speak fiercely or
reproachfully.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dag"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pierce with a
dagger; to stab.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dag"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. from
<i>diagonal</i>.] <def>A timber placed diagonally in a ship's
frame.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dagges</hw> (d&abreve;gz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE. See
<u>Dag</u> a loose end.] <def>An ornamental cutting of the edges of
garments, introduced about <u>a. d.</u> 1346, according to the
Chronicles of St Albans.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dag"gle</hw> (d&abreve;g"g'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Daggled</u> (-g'ld); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Daggling</u> (-gl&ibreve;ng).] [Freq. of
<i>dag</i>, v. t., 1.] <def>To trail, so as to wet or befoul; to make
wet and limp; to moisten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The warrior's very plume, I say,<BR>
Was <i>daggled</i> by the dashing spray.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dag"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To run, go, or
trail one's self through water, mud, or slush; to draggle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor, like a puppy [have I] <i>daggled</i> through the
town.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dag"gle-tail`</hw> (d&abreve;g"g'l-t&amacr;l`), <hw>Dag"gle-
tailed`</hw> (-t&amacr;ld`), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
lower ends of garments defiled by trailing in mire or filth; draggle-
tailed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dag"gle-tail`</hw> (-t&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
slovenly woman; a slattern; a draggle-tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dag"lock`</hw> (-l&obreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Dag</i> a loose end + <i>lock</i>.] <def>A dirty or clotted lock
of wool on a sheep; a taglock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da"go</hw> (d&amacr;"g&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dagos</b></plw> (-g&omacr;z). [Cf. Sp. <i>Diego</i>, E.
<i>James</i>.] <def>A nickname given to a person of Spanish (or, by
extension, Portuguese or Italian) descent.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Da*go"ba</hw> (d&adot;*g&omacr;"b&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Singhalese <i>d&amacr;goba</i>.] <def>A dome-
shaped structure built over relics of Buddha or some Buddhist
saint.</def> [East Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Da"gon</hw> (d&amacr;"g&obreve;n), [Heb. <i>D&amacr;gon</i>,
fr. <i>dag</i> a fish: cf. Gr. <grk>Dagw`n</grk>.] <def>The national
god of the Philistines, represented with the face and hands and upper
part of a man, and the tail of a fish.</def>  <i>W. Smith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This day a solemn feast the people hold<BR>
To <i>Dagon</i>, their sea idol.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They brought it into the house of
<i>Dagon</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. v. 2.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dag"on</hw> (d&abreve;g"&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dag</u> a loose end.] <def>A slip or piece.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dag"swain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Dag</u> a
loose end?] <def>A coarse woolen fabric made of daglocks, or the
refuse of wool.</def> "Under coverlets made of <i>dagswain</i>."
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dag"-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Dag</i> a
loose end + <i>tail</i>.] <def>Daggle-tailed; having the tail clogged
with daglocks.</def> "<i>Dag-tailed</i> sheep."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Da*guer"re*an</hw> (d&adot;*g&ebreve;r"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<hw>Da*guerre"i*an</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to Daguerre, or to his invention of the daguerreotype.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da*guerre"o*type</hw>  (d&adot;*g&ebreve;r"&osl;*t&imacr;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Daguerre</i> the inventor + <i>-
type</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An early variety of photograph,
produced on a silver plate, or copper plate covered with silver, and
rendered sensitive by the action of iodine, or iodine and bromine, on
which, after exposure in the camera, the latent image is developed by
the vapor of mercury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The process of taking such
pictures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da*guerre"o*type</hw> (d&adot;*g&ebreve;r"&osl;*t&imacr;p),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Daguerreotyped</u> (-t&imacr;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Daguerreotyping</u> (-t&imacr;`p&ibreve;ng).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To produce or represent by the daguerreotype
process, as a picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impress with great distinctness; to
imprint; to imitate exactly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Da*guerre"o*ty`per</hw> (?), <hw>Da*guerre"o*ty`pist</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes
daguerreotypes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da*guerre"o*ty`py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art
or process of producing pictures by method of Daguerre.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Da`ha*be"ah</hw> (d&auml;`h&adot;*b&emacr;"&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.] <def>A Nile boat constructed on the model
of a floating house, having large lateen sails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dah"lia</hw> (d&auml;l"y&adot; <i>or</i> d&amacr;l"y&adot;;
277, 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Dahlias</b></plw>
(#). [Named after Andrew <i>Dahl</i> a Swedish botanist.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants native to Mexico and Central
America, of the order Composit&aelig;; also, any plant or flower of
the genus. The numerous varieties of cultivated dahlias bear
conspicuous flowers which differ in color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dah"lin</hw> (d&auml;"l&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Dahlia</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A variety of starch extracted
from the dahlia; -- called also <i>inulin</i>. See
<u>Inulin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dai"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Daily
occurence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dai"ly</hw> (d&amacr;"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>d&aelig;gl&imacr;c</i>; <i>d&aelig;g</i> day + <i>-l&imacr;c</i>
like. See <u>Day</u>.] <def>Happening, or belonging to, each
successive day; diurnal; as, <i>daily</i> labor; a <i>daily</i>
bulletin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give us this day our <i>daily</i> bread.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. vi. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bunyan has told us . . . that in New England his dream
was the <i>daily</i> subject of the conversation of
thousands.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Daily</u>, <u>Diurnal</u>.  <i>Daily</i> is
Anglo-Saxon, and <i>diurnal</i> is Latin. The former is used in
reference to the ordinary concerns of life; as, <i>daily</i> wants,
<i>daily</i> cares, <i>daily</i> employments. The latter is
appropriated chiefly by astronomers to what belongs to the
astronomical day; as, the <i>diurnal</i> revolution of the earth.</p>

<p><blockquote>Man hath his <i>daily</i> work of body or mind<BR>
Appointed, which declares his dignity,<BR>
And the regard of Heaven on all his ways.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Half yet remains unsung, but narrower bound<BR>
Within the visible <i>diurnal</i> sphere.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dai"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dailies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A publication which appears
regularly every day; as, the morning <i>dailies</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dai"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Every day; day by
day; as, a thing happens <i>daily</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dai"mi*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Daimios</b></plw> (#). [Jap., fr. Chin. <i>tai ming</i> great
name.] <def>The title of the feudal nobles of Japan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>daimios</i>, or territorial nobles, resided in
Yedo and were divided into four classes.</blockquote> <i>Am.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dainty</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Something of exquisite taste; a
dainty.</def> [Obs.] -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dainty.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To cherish him with diets <i>daint</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dain"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Daintified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Daintifying</u>.] [<i>Dainty</i> + <i>-fy</i>.]
<def>To render dainty, delicate, or fastidious.</def>
"<i>Daintified</i> emotion."  <i>Sat. rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dain"ti*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dainty
manner; nicely; scrupulously; fastidiously; deliciously;
prettily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dain"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being dainty; nicety; niceness; elegance; delicacy; deliciousness;
fastidiousness; squeamishness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>daintiness</i> and niceness of our
captains</blockquote> <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>More notorious for the <i>daintiness</i> of the
provision . . . than for the massiveness of the dish.</blockquote>
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The duke exeeded in the <i>daintiness</i> of his leg
and foot, and the earl in the fine shape of his hands,</blockquote>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dain"trel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>daint</i> or
<i>dainty</i>; cf. OF. <i>daintier</i>.] <def>Adelicacy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dain"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dainties</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>deinie</i>, <i>dainte</i>,
<i>deintie</i>, <i>deyntee</i>, OF. <i>deinti&eacute;</i> delicacy,
orig., dignity, honor, fr. L. <i>dignitas</i>, fr. <i>dignus</i>
worthy. See <u>Deign</u>, and cf. <u>Dignity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Value; estimation; the gratification or pleasure taken in
anything.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I ne told no <i>deyntee</i> of her love.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is delicious or delicate; a
delicacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That precious nectar may the taste renew<BR>
Of Eden's <i>dainties</i>, by our parents lost.</blockquote> <i>Beau.
& Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A term of fondness.</def> [Poetic]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Dainty</u>, <u>Delicacy</u>.  These words are
here compared as denoting articles of food. The term <i>delicacy</i>
as applied to a nice article of any kind, and hence to articles of
food which are particularly attractive. <i>Dainty</i> is stronger,
and denotes some exquisite article of cookery. A hotel may be
provided with all the <i>delicacies</i> of the season, and its table
richly covered with <i>dainties</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>delicacies</i><BR>
I mean of taste, sight, smell, herbs, fruits, and flowers,<BR>
Walks and the melody of birds.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[A table] furnished plenteously with bread,<BR>
And <i>dainties</i>, remnants of the last regale.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dain"ty</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Daintier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Daintiest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rare; valuable; costly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Full many a <i>deynt&eacute;</i> horse had he in
stable.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Hence the proverb "<i>dainty maketh dearth</i>," <i>i.
e.</i>, rarity makes a thing dear or precious.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Delicious to the palate;
toothsome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dainty</i> bits<BR>
Make rich the ribs.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Nice; delicate; elegant, in form, manner,
or breeding; well-formed; neat; tender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>dainty</i> limbs which nature lent<BR>
For gentle usage and soft delicacy.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I would be the girdle.<BR>
About her <i>dainty</i>, <i>dainty</i> waist.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Requiring dainties. Hence: Overnice; hard
to please; fastidious; squeamish; scrupulous; ceremonious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thew were a fine and <i>dainty</i>
people.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And let us not be <i>dainty</i> of leave-taking,<BR>
But shift away.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make dainty</b></col>, <cd>to assume or affect delicacy
or fastidiousness.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ah ha, my mistresses! which of you all<BR>
Will now deny to dance? She that <i>makes dainty</i>,<BR>
She, I'll swear, hath corns.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dai"ry</hw> (d&amacr;"r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Dairies</b></plw> (-r&ibreve;z). [OE.
<i>deierie</i>, from <i>deie</i>, <i>daie</i>, maid; of Scand.
origin; cf. Icel. <i>deigja</i> maid, dairymaid, Sw. <i>deja</i>,
orig., a baking maid, fr. Icel. <i>deig</i>. &radic;66. See
<u>Dough</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The place, room, or house
where milk is kept, and converted into butter or cheese.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What stores my <i>dairies</i> and my folds
contain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That department of farming which is
concerned in the production of milk, and its conversion into butter
and cheese.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grounds were turned much in England either to feeding
or <i>dairy</i>; and this advanced the trade of English
butter.</blockquote> <i>Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dairy farm.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Dairy</i> is much used adjectively or in combination;
as, <i>dairy</i> farm, <i>dairy</i> countries, <i>dairy</i> house or
<i>dairy</i>house, <i>dairy</i>room, <i>dairy</i>work, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Dai"ry*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of
conducting a dairy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dai"ry*maid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
servant whose business is the care of the dairy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dai"ry*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dairymen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who keeps or takes care
of a dairy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dai"ry*wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dairywomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman who attends to a
dairy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da"is</hw> (d&amacr;"&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>deis</i>, <i>des</i>, table, dais, OF. <i>deis</i> table, F.
<i>dais</i> a canopy, L. <i>discus</i> a quoit, a dish (from the
shape), LL., table, fr. Gr. <i>&?;</i> a quoit, a dish. See
<u>Dish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The high or principal table, at
the end of a hall, at which the chief guests were seated; also, the
chief seat at the high table.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A platform slightly raised above the floor
of a hall or large room, giving distinction to the table and seats
placed upon it for the chief guests.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A canopy over the seat of a person of
dignity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shiply.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dai"sied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of daisies;
adorned with daisies.</def> "The <i>daisied</i> green."
<i>Langhorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The grass all deep and <i>daisied</i>.</blockquote>
<i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dai"sy</hw> (-z&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Daisies</b></plw> (-z&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>dayesye</i>, AS.
<i>d&aelig;ges-e&aacute;ge</i> day's eye, daisy. See <u>Day</u>, and
<u>Eye</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of low
herbs (<i>Bellis</i>), belonging to the family Composit&aelig;. The
common English and classical <i>daisy</i> is <i>B. perennis</i>,
which has a yellow disk and white or pinkish rays.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The whiteweed (<i>Chrysanthemum
Leucanthemum</i>), the plant commonly called <i>daisy</i> in North
America; -- called also <i>oxeye daisy</i>. See
<u>Whiteweed</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>daisy</i> is also used for composite plants of
other genera, as <i>Erigeron</i>, or fleabane.</p>

<p><col><b>Michaelmas daisy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of
the genus Aster, of which there are many species.</cd> --
<col><b>Oxeye daisy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the whiteweed. See
<u>Daisy</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dak</hw> (d&add;k <i>or</i> d&auml;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Hind. <i>&dsdot;&amacr;k</i>.] <def>Post; mail; also, the mail or
postal arrangements; -- spelt also <i>dawk</i>, and
<i>dauk</i>.</def> [India]</p>

<p><col><b>Dak boat</b></col>, <cd>a mail boat.</cd> <i>Percy
Smith.</i> -- <col><b>Dak bungalow</b></col>, <cd>a traveler's rest-
house at the end of a dak stage.</cd> -- <col><b>To travel by
dak</b></col>, <cd>to travel by relays of palanquins or other
carriage, as fast as the post along a road.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Da"ker</hw> (?), <hw>Da"kir</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Dicker</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. &amp; Scots Law)</i> <def>A measure of
certain commodities by number, usually ten or twelve, but sometimes
twenty; as, a <i>daker</i> of hides consisted of ten skins; a
<i>daker</i> of gloves of ten pairs.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Da"ker hen`</hw> (?). [<i>Perh</i>. <i>fr</i>. W.
<i>crecial</i> the daker hen; <i>crec</i> a sharp noise (<i>creg</i>
harsh, hoarse, <i>crechian</i> to scream) + <i>iar</i> hen; or cf. D.
<i>duiken</i> to dive, plunge.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
corncrake or land rail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da*koit"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Da*koit"y</hw>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Dacoit</u>,
<u>Dacoity</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da*ko"ta group`</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A subdivision at
the base of the cretaceous formation in Western North America; -- so
named from the region where the strata were first studied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da*ko"tas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl</i></pos>.; sing.
<singw><b>Dacota</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>An
extensive race or stock of Indians, including many tribes, mostly
dwelling west of the Mississippi River; -- also, in part, called
<i>Sioux</i>.</def> [Written also <i>Dacotahs</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.] <def>Split pulse,
esp. of <i>Cajanus Indicus</i>.</def> [East Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Dale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>d&aelig;l</i>;
akin to LG., D., Sw., Dan., OS., &amp; Goth. <i>dal</i>, Icel.
<i>dalr</i>, OHG. <i>tal</i>, G. <i>thal</i>, and perh. to Gr.
<grk>qo`los</grk> a rotunda, Skr. <i>dh&amacr;ra</i> depth.  Cf.
<u>Dell</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A low place between hills; a
vale or valley.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where mountaines rise, umbrageous <i>dales</i>
descend.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trough or spout to carry off water, as
from a pump.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dales"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dalesmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One living in a dale; -- a
term applied particularly to the inhabitants of the valleys in the
north of England, Norway, etc.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dalf</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Delve</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dal"li*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Dally</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of dallying, trifling,
or fondling; interchange of caresses; wanton play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look thou be true, do not give <i>dalliance</i><BR>
Too much the rein.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, the <i>dalliance</i> and the wit,<BR>
The flattery and the strife!</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Delay or procrastination.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Entertaining discourse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 366 !></p>

<p><hw>Dal"li*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fondles;
a trifler; as, <i>dalliers</i> with pleasant words.</def>
<i>Asham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dal"lop</hw> (d&abreve;l"l&obreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Etymol. unknown.] <def>A tuft or clump.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dal"ly</hw> (-l&ybreve;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dallied</u> (-l&ibreve;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dallying</u>.] [OE.
<i>dalien</i>, <i>dailien</i>; cf. Icel. <i>pylja</i> to talk, G.
<i>dallen</i>, <i>dalen</i>, <i>dahlen</i>, to trifle, talk nonsense,
OSw. <i>tule</i> a droll or funny man; or AS. <i>dol</i> foolish, E.
<i>dull</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To waste time in effeminate or
voluptuous pleasures, or in idleness; to fool away time; to delay
unnecessarily; to tarry; to trifle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have trifled too long already; it is madness to
<i>dally</i> any longer.</blockquote> <i>Calamy.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have put off God, and <i>dallied</i> with his
grace.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To interchange caresses, especially with
one of the opposite sex; to use fondling; to wanton; to
sport.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>dallying</i> with a brace of
courtesans.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our aerie . . . <i>dallies</i> with the
wind.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dal"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To delay
unnecessarily; to while away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dallying</i> off the time with often
skirmishes.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dal*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Dalman</i>, the geologist.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of
trilobites, of many species, common in the Upper Silurian and
Devonian rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dal`ma*ni"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Dalmania</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dal*ma"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Dalmatia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dalmatian dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
carriage dog, shaped like a pointer, and having black or bluish spots
on a white ground; the coach dog.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dal*mat"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Dal*mat"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>dalmatica</i>: cf. F. <i>dalmatique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A vestment with wide sleeves, and with two
stripes, worn at Mass by deacons, and by bishops at pontifical Mass;
-- imitated from a dress originally worn in Dalmatia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A robe worn on state ocasions, as by
English kings at their coronation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dal` se"gno</hw> (?). [It., from the sign.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A direction to go back to the sign &?; and repeat from thence to
the close. See <u>Segno</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dal*to"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One afflicted
with color blindness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dal"ton*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inability to
perceive or distinguish certain colors, esp. red; color blindness. It
has various forms and degrees. So called from the chemist
<i>Dalton</i>, who had this infirmity.</def>  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dam</hw> (d&abreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dame</i>
mistress, lady; also, mother, dam. See <u>Dame</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A female parent; -- used of beasts,
especially of quadrupeds; sometimes applied in contempt to a human
mother.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>sire</i> and <i>dam</i>, now confined to
horses, are a relic of this age (13th century) . . . .<i>Dame</i> is
used of a hen; we now make a great difference between <i>dame</i> and
<i>dam</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. L. K. Oliphant.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dam</i> runs lowing up and down,<BR>
Looking the way her harmless young one went.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A king or crowned piece in the game of
draughts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to OLG., D., &amp; Dan.
<i>dam</i>, G. &amp; Sw. <i>damm</i>, Icel. <i>dammr</i>, and AS.
<i>fordemman</i> to stop up, Goth. <i>Fa&uacute;rdammjan</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A barrier to prevent the flow of a liquid;
esp., a bank of earth, or wall of any kind, as of masonry or wood,
built across a water course, to confine and keep back flowing
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A firebrick wall, or a
stone, which forms the front of the hearth of a blast
furnace.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dam plate</b></col> <i>(Blast Furnace)</i>, <cd>an iron
plate in front of the dam, to strengthen it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dammed</u> (d&abreve;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Damming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To obstruct or
restrain the flow of, by a dam; to confine by constructing a dam, as
a stream of water; -- generally used with <i>in</i> or
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll have the current in this place <i>dammed</i>
up.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A weight of earth that <i>dams</i> in the
water.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shut up; to stop up; to close; to
restrain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The strait pass was <i>dammed</i><BR>
With dead men hurt behind, and cowards.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dam out</b></col>, <cd>to keep out by means of a
dam.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dam"age</hw> (d&abreve;m"&asl;j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>damage</i>, <i>domage</i>, F. <i>dommage</i>, fr. assumed LL.
<i>damnaticum</i>, from L. <i>damnum</i> damage. See <u>Damn</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Injury or harm to person, property, or
reputation; an inflicted loss of value; detriment; hurt;
mischief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that sendeth a message by the hand of a fool
cutteth off the feet and drinketh <i>damage</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xxvi. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Great errors and absurdities many commit for want of a
friend to tell them of them, to the great <i>damage</i> both of their
fame and fortune.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The estimated
reparation in money for detriment or injury sustained; a
compensation, recompense, or satisfaction to one party, for a wrong
or injury actually done to him by another.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In common-law actions, the jury are the proper judges of
damages.</p>

<p><col><b>Consequential damage</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Consequential</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Exemplary damages</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>damages imposed by way of example to others.</cd> -
- <col><b>Nominal damages</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>those given for
a violation of a right where no actual loss has accrued.</cd> --
<col><b>Vindictive damages</b></col>, <cd>those given specially for
the punishment of the wrongdoer.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mischief; injury; harm; hurt; detriment; evil; ill.
See <u>Mischief</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dam"age</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Damaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Damaging</u> (?).] [Cf. OF. <i>damagier</i>, <i>domagier</i>. See
<u>Damage</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To occasion damage to the
soundness, goodness, or value of; to hurt; to injure; to
impair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . came up to the English admiral and gave him a
broadside, with which he killed many of his men and <i>damaged</i>
the ship.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dam"age</hw> (d&abreve;m"&asl;j), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To receive damage or harm; to be injured or impaired in
soundness or value; as, some colors in cloth <i>damage</i> in
sunlight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dam"age*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>damageable</i>, F. <i>dommageable</i> for sense 2.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being injured or impaired; liable
to, or susceptible of, damage; as, a <i>damageable</i>
cargo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hurtful; pernicious.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That it be not <i>damageable</i> unto your royal
majesty.</blockquote> <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dam"age fea`sant</hw> (?). [OF. <i>damage</i> + F.
<i>faisant</i> doing, p. pr. See <u>Feasible</u>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Doing injury; trespassing, as cattle.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Da"man</hw> (d&auml;"m&adot;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small herbivorous mammal of the genus
<i>Hyrax</i>. The species found in Palestine and Syria is <i>Hyrax
Syriacus</i>; that of Northern Africa is <i>H. Brucei</i>; -- called
also <i>ashkoko</i>, <i>dassy</i>, and <i>rock rabbit</i>. See
<u>Cony</u>, and <u>Hyrax</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dam"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dammar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dam"as*cene</hw> (d&abreve;m"<i>a</i>s*s&emacr;n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Damascenus</i> of Damascus, fr.
<i>Damascus</i> the city, Gr. <grk>Damasko`s</grk>. See
<u>Damask</u>, and cf. <u>Damaskeen</u>, <u>Damaskin</u>,
<u>Damson</u>.] <def>Of or relating to Damascus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dam"as*cene</hw> (d&abreve;m"<i>a</i>s*s&emacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of plum, now called <i>damson</i>.
See <u>Damson</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dam`as*cene"</hw> (d&abreve;m`<i>a</i>s*s&emacr;n"),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Damask</u>, or
<u>Damaskeen</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def> "<i>Damascened</i>
armor."  <i>Beaconsfield.</i> "Cast and <i>damascened</i> steel."
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Da*mas"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A city of
Syria.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Damascus blade</b></col>, <cd>a sword or scimiter, made
chiefly at Damascus, having a variegated appearance of watering, and
proverbial for excellence.</cd> -- <col><b>Damascus iron</b></col>,
<i>or</i> <col><b>Damascus twist</b></col>, <cd>metal formed of thin
bars or wires of iron and steel elaborately twisted and welded
together; used for making gun barrels, etc., of high quality, in
which the surface, when polished and acted upon by acid, has a damask
appearance.</cd> -- <col><b>Damascus steel</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Damask steel</i>, under <u>Damask</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Dam"ask</hw> (d&abreve;m"<i>a</i>sk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From the city <i>Damascus</i>, L. <i>Damascus</i>, Gr.
<grk>Damasko`s</grk>, Heb. <i>Dammesq</i>, Ar. <i>Daemeshq</i>; cf.
Heb. <i>d'meseq</i> damask; cf. It. <i>damasco</i>, Sp.
<i>damasco</i>, F. <i>damas</i>.  Cf. <u>Damascene</u>,
<u>Damass&Eacute;</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Damask silk; silk
woven with an elaborate pattern of flowers and the like.</def> "A bed
of ancient <i>damask</i>."  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Linen so woven that a pattern in produced
by the different directions of the thread, without contrast of
color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A heavy woolen or worsted stuff with a
pattern woven in the same way as the linen damask; -- made for
furniture covering and hangings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Damask or Damascus steel; also, the
peculiar markings or "water" of such steel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A deep pink or rose color.</def>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dam"ask</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or originating at, the city of Damascus;
resembling the products or manufactures of Damascus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the color of the damask
rose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But let concealment, like a worm i' the bud,<BR>
Feed on her <i>damask</i> cheek.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Damask color</b></col>, <cd>a deep rose-color like that of
the damask rose.</cd> -- <col><b>Damask plum</b></col>, <cd>a small
dark-colored plum, generally called <i>damson</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Damask rose</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a large, pink,
hardy, and very fragrant variety of rose (<i>Rosa damascena</i>) from
Damascus.</cd> "<i>Damask roses</i> have not been known in England
above one hundred years." <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>Damask
steel</b></col>, or <col><b>Damascus steel</b></col>, <cd>steel of
the kind originally made at Damascus, famous for its hardness, and
its beautiful texture, ornamented with waving lines; especially, that
which is inlaid with damaskeening; -- formerly much valued for sword
blades, from its great flexibility and tenacity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dam"ask</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Damasked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Damasking</u>.] <def>To decorate in a way peculiar to Damascus or
attributed to Damascus; particularly: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> with
flowers and rich designs, as silk; <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> with inlaid
lines of gold, etc., or with a peculiar marking or "water," as metal.
See <u>Damaskeen</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mingled metal <i>damasked</i> o'er with
gold.</blockquote> <i>Dryde&?;.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the soft, downy bank, <i>damasked</i> with
flowers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dam"as*keen`</hw> (?), <hw>Dam"as*ken</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [F. <i>damaschinare</i>. See <u>Damascene</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To decorate, as iron, steel, etc., with a
peculiar marking or "water" produced in the process of manufacture,
or with designs produced by inlaying or incrusting with another
metal, as silver or gold, or by etching, etc., to damask.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Damaskeening</i> is is partly mosaic work, partly
engraving, and partly carving.</blockquote> <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dam"as*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>damasquin</i>, adj., It. <i>damaschino</i>, Sp. <i>damasquino</i>.
See <u>Damaskeen</u>.] <def>A sword of Damask steel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No old Toledo blades or <i>damaskins</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Howell (1641).</i></p>

<p><hw>Da*mas*s&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>damass&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>damas</i>. See <u>Damask</u>.]
<def>Woven like damask.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A
damass&eacute; fabric, esp. one of linen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dam"as*sin</hw> (d&abreve;m"<i>a</i>s*s&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>damas</i>. See <u>Damask</u>.]
<def>A kind of modified damask or brocade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dam"bo*nite</hw> (-b&osl;*n&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>dambonite</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline,
sugary substance obtained from an African caoutchouc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dam"bose</hw> (d&abreve;m"b&omacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline variety of fruit sugar obtained
from dambonite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dame</hw> (d&amacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>dame</i>,
LL. <i>domna</i>, fr. L. <i>domina</i> mistress, lady, fem. of
<i>dominus</i> master, ruler, lord; akin to <i>domare</i> to tame,
subdue. See <u>Tame</u>, and cf. <u>Dam</u> a mother, <u>Dan</u>,
<u>Danger</u>, <u>Dungeon</u>, <u>Dominie</u>, <u>Don</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Duenna</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
mistress of a family, who is a lady; a woman in authority;
especially, a lady.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then shall these lords do vex me half so much,<BR>
As that proud <i>dame</i>, the lord protector's wife.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mistress of a family in common life,
or the mistress of a common school; as, a <i>dame's</i>
school.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>dame's</i> classes at the village
school.</blockquote>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A woman in general, esp. an elderly
woman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mother; -- applied to human beings and
quadrupeds.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dame"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
cruciferrous plant (<i>Hesperis matronalis</i>), remarkable for its
fragrance, especially toward the close of the day; -- called also
<i>rocket</i> and <i>dame's violet</i>.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Da`mi*a"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; of uncertain
origin.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A Mexican drug, used as an
aphrodisiac.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are several varieties derived from different plants,
esp. from a species of <i>Turnera</i> and from <i>Bigelovia
veneta</i>.  <i>Wood &amp; Bache.</i></p>

<p><hw>Da"mi*an*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of Damian, patriarch of Alexandria in the
6th century, who held heretical opinions on the doctrine of the Holy
Trinity.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dam"mar</hw> (?), <hw>Dam"ma*ra</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jav. &amp; Malay. <i>damar</i>.] <def>An oleoresin
used in making varnishes; dammar gum; dammara resin. It is obtained
from certain resin trees indigenous to the East Indies, esp.
<i>Shorea robusta</i> and the dammar pine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dammar pine</b></col>, <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree of the
Moluccas (<i>Agathis orientalis</i>, <i>or</i> <i>Dammara
orientalis</i>), yielding dammar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dam"ma*ra</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
large tree of the order <i>Conifer&aelig;</i>, indigenous to the East
Indies and Australasia; -- called also <i>Agathis</i>. There are
several species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Damn</hw> (d&abreve;m), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Damned</u> (d&abreve;md <i>or</i>
d&abreve;m"n&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Damning</u> (d&abreve;m"&ibreve;ng <i>or</i>
d&abreve;m"n&ibreve;ng).] [OE. <i>damnen</i> dampnen (with excrescent
<i>p</i>), OF. <i>damner</i>, <i>dampner</i>, F. <i>damner</i>, fr.
L. <i>damnare</i>, <i>damnatum</i>, to condemn, fr. <i>damnum</i>
damage, a fine, penalty.  Cf. <u>Condemn</u>, <u>Damage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To condemn; to declare guilty; to doom; to
adjudge to punishment; to sentence; to censure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall not live; look, with a spot I <i>damn</i>
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>To doom to punishment in
the future world; to consign to perdition; to curse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To condemn as bad or displeasing, by open
expression, as by denuciation, hissing, hooting, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are not so arrant a critic as to <i>damn</i> them
[the works of modern poets] . . . without hearing.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Damn</i> with faint praise, assent with civil
leer,<BR>
And without sneering teach the rest to sneer.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Damn</i> is sometimes used interjectionally,
imperatively, and intensively.</p>

<p><hw>Damn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To invoke damnation;
to curse.</def> "While I inwardly <i>damn</i>."
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dam`na*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being damnable; damnableness.</def>  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dam"na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>damnabilis</i>, fr. <i>damnare</i>: cf. F. <i>damnable</i>. See
<u>Damn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Liable to damnation; deserving,
or for which one deserves, to be damned; of a damning
nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A creature unprepared unmeet for death,<BR>
And to transport him in the mind he is,<BR>
Were <i>damnable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Odious; pernicious; detestable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Begin, murderer; . . . leave thy <i>damnable</i>
faces.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dam"na*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of deserving damnation; execrableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>damnableness</i> of this most execrable
impiety.</blockquote> <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dam"na*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a manner to incur severe censure, condemnation, or
punishment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Odiously; detestably; excessively.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Dam*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>damnation</i>, L. <i>damnatio</i>, fr. <i>damnare</i>. See
<u>Damn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being damned;
condemnation; openly expressed disapprobation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Condemnation to
everlasting punishment in the future state, or the punishment
itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How can ye escape the <i>damnation</i> of
hell?</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxiii. 33.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wickedness is sin, and sin is
<i>damnation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sin deserving of everlasting
punishment.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The deep <i>damnation</i> of his taking-
off.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dam"na*to*ry</hw> (d&abreve;m"n&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>damnatorius</i>, fr. <i>damnator</i> a
condemner.] <def>Dooming to damnation; condemnatory.</def>
"<i>Damnatory</i> invectives."  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Damned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sentenced to punishment in a future state; condemned; consigned
to perdition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hateful; detestable; abominable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But, O, what <i>damned</i> minutes tells he o'er<BR>
Who doats, yet doubts, suspects, yet strongly loves.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dam*nif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>damnificus</i>; <i>damnum</i> damage, loss + <i>facere</i> to
make. See <u>Damn</u>.] <def>Procuring or causing loss; mischievous;
injurious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dam`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>damnificatio</i>.] <def>That which causes damage or
loss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dam"ni*fy</hw> (d&abreve;m"n&ibreve;*f&imacr;), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [LL. <i>damnificare</i>, fr. L. <i>damnificus</i>: cf.
OF. <i>damnefier</i>. See <u>Damnific</u>.] <def>To cause loss or
damage to; to injure; to impair.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This work will ask as many more officials to make
expurgations and expunctions, that the commonwealth of learning be
not <i>damnified</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Damn"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That damns;
damnable; as, damning evidence of guilt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Damn"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tendency to
bring damnation.</def> "The damningness of them [sins]."
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>||dam"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(law)</i>
<def>Harm; detriment, either to character or property.</def></p>

<p><! p. 367 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dam"o*sel</hw> (d&abreve;m"&osl;*z&ebreve;l),
<hw>Dam`o*sel"la</hw> (-z&ebreve;l"l&adot;), <hw>||Da`moi`selle"</hw>
(d&adot;`mw&auml;`z&ebreve;l") }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Damsel</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Dam"our*ite</hw> (d&abreve;m"&oocr;*&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ater the French chemist <i>Damour</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of Muscovite, or potash mica, containing
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Damp</hw> (d&abreve;mp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG.,
D., &amp; Dan. <i>damp</i> vapor, steam, fog, G. <i>dampf</i>, Icel.
<i>dampi</i>, Sw. <i>damb</i> dust, and to MNG. <i>dimpfen</i> to
smoke, imp. <i>dampf</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moisture;
humidity; fog; fogginess; vapor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Night . . . with black air<BR>
Accompanied, with <i>damps</i> and dreadful gloom.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dejection; depression; cloud of the
mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even now, while thus I stand blest in thy
presence,<BR>
A secret <i>damp</i> of grief comes o'er my soul.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It must have thrown a <i>damp</i> over your autumn
excursion.</blockquote> <i>J. D. Forbes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A gaseous product, formed
in coal mines, old wells, pints, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Choke damp</b></col>, <cd>a damp consisting principally of
carbonic acid gas; -- so called from its extinguishing flame and
animal life. See <i>Carbonic acid</i>, under <u>Carbonic</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Damp sheet</b></col>, <cd>a curtain in a mine gallery to
direct air currents and prevent accumulation of gas.</cd> --
<col><b>Fire damp</b></col>, <cd>a damp consisting chiefly of light
carbureted hydrogen; -- so called from its tendence to explode when
mixed with atmospheric air and brought into contact with
flame.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Damp</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Damper</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Dampest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being in a state between dry and wet;
moderately wet; moist; humid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'erspread with a <i>damp</i> sweat and holy
fear.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dejected; depressed; sunk.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All these and more came flocking, but with looks<BR>
Downcast and <i>damp</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Damp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Damped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Damping</u>.] [OE. <i>dampen</i> to choke, suffocate. See
<u>Damp</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render
damp; to moisten; to make humid, or moderately wet; to dampen; as, to
<i>damp</i> cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put out, as fire; to depress or deject;
to deaden; to cloud; to check or restrain, as action or vigor; to
make dull; to weaken; to discourage.</def> "To <i>damp</i> your
tender hopes."  <i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Usury dulls and <i>damps</i> all industries,
improvements, and new inventions, wherein money would be stirring if
it were not for this slug.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How many a day has been <i>damped</i> and darkened by
an angry word!</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The failure of his enterprise <i>damped</i> the spirit
of the soldiers.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Damp"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dampened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dampening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make damp or moist; to
make slightly wet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To depress; to check; to make dull; to
lessen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a way that considerably <i>dampened</i> our
enthusiasm.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Damp"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become damp; to
deaden.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Damp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which damps
or checks; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A valve or movable plate in the
flue or other part of a stove, furnace, etc., used to check or
regulate the draught of air. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A contrivance, as in
a pianoforte, to deaden vibrations; or, as in other pieces of
mechanism, to check some action at a particular time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor did Sabrina's presence seem to act as any
<i>damper</i> at the modest little festivities.</blockquote> <i>W.
Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Damp"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moderately damp
or moist.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Damp"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Damp"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Damp"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To damn.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Damp"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Moderate humidity;
moisture; fogginess; moistness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Damp" off`</hw> (?). <def>To decay and perish through
excessive moisture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Damp"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Somewhat damp.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dejected; gloomy; sorrowful.</def> [Obs.]
"Dispel <i>dampy</i> throughts."  <i>Haywards.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dam"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>damosel</i>,
<i>damesel</i>, <i>damisel</i>, damsel, fr. OF. <i>damoisele</i>,
<i>damisele</i>, gentlewoman, F. <i>demoiselle</i> young lady; cf.
OF. <i>damoisel</i> young nobleman, F. <i>damoiseau</i>; fr. LL.
<i>domicella</i>, <i>dominicella</i>, fem., <i>domicellus</i>,
<i>dominicellus</i>, masc., dim. fr. L. <i>domina</i>,
<i>dominus</i>. See <u>Dame</u>, and cf. <u>Demoiselle</u>,
<u>Doncella</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A young person, either male
or female, of noble or gentle extraction; as, <i>Damsel</i> Pepin;
<i>Damsel</i> Richard, Prince of Wales.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young unmarried woman; a girl; a
maiden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With her train of <i>damsels</i> she was gone,<BR>
In shady walks the scorching heat to shun.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes a troop of <i>damsels</i> glad, . . . <BR>
Goes by to towered Camelot.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Milling)</i> <def>An attachment to a
millstone spindle for shaking the hopper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dam"son</hw> (d&abreve;m"z'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>damasin</i> the Damascus plum, fr. L. Damascenus. See
<u>Damascene</u>.] <def>A small oval plum of a blue color, the fruit
of a variety of the <i>Prunus domestica</i>; -- called also <i>damask
plum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dan</i>,
<i>danz</i>, OF. <i>danz</i> (prop. only nom.), <i>dan</i>, master,
fr. L. <i>dominus</i>. See <u>Dame</u>.] <def>A title of honor
equivalent to <i>master</i>, or <i>sir</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Old <i>Dan</i> Geoffry, in gently spright<BR>
The pure wellhead of poetry did dwell.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What time <i>Dan</i> Abraham left the Chaldee
land.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>A small truck or sledge used in coal
mines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da"na*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the mythical
<i>Danaides</i>, who were condemned to fill with water a vessel full
of holes.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A water wheel having a vertical axis,
and an inner and outer tapering shell, between which are vanes or
floats attached usually to both shells, but sometimes only to
one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da"na*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after J.
Freeman <i>Dana</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A cobaltiferous variety of
arsenopyrite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da"na*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after James
Dwight <i>Dana</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occuring in
octahedral crystals, also massive, of a reddish color. It is a
silicate of iron, zinc manganese, and glucinum, containing
sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan"bu*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A borosilicate of lime, first found at <i>Danbury</i>, Conn. It
is near the topaz in form.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dance</hw> (d&adot;ns), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Danced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dancing</u>.] [F. <i>danser</i>, fr. OHG.
<i>dans&omacr;n</i> to draw; akin to <i>dinsan</i> to draw, Goth.
<i>apinsan</i>, and prob. from the same root (meaning <i>to
stretch</i>) as E. <i>thin</i>. See <u>Thin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To move with measured steps, or to a musical accompaniment; to
go through, either alone or in company with others, with a regulated
succession of movements, (commonly) to the sound of music; to trip or
leap rhythmically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jack shall pipe and Gill shall
<i>dance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wither.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Good shepherd, what fair swain is this<BR>
Which <i>dances</i> with your daughter?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move nimbly or merrily; to express
pleasure by motion; to caper; to frisk; to skip about.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then, 'tis time to <i>dance</i> off.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>More <i>dances</i> my rapt heart<BR>
Than when I first my wedded mistress saw.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shadows in the glassy waters
<i>dance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where rivulets <i>dance</i> their wayward
round.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dance on a rope</b></col>, or <col><b>To dance on
nothing</b></col>, <cd>to be hanged.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dance</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
dance, or move nimbly or merrily about, or up and down; to
dandle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>dance</i> our ringlets to the whistling
wind.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy grandsire loved thee well;<BR>
Many a time he <i>danced</i> thee on his knee.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dance attendance</b></col>, <cd>to come and go
obsequiously; to be or remain in waiting, at the beck and call of
another, with a view to please or gain favor.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of his place, and so near our favor,<BR>
To <i>dance attendance</i> on their lordships' pleasure.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dance</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>danse</i>, of German
origin. See <u>Dance</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The leaping, tripping, or measured stepping of one who dances;
an amusement, in which the movements of the persons are regulated by
art, in figures and in accord with music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A tune by which dancing is
regulated, as the minuet, the waltz, the cotillon, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>dance</i> was used ironically, by the older
writers, of many proceedings besides dancing.</p>

<p><blockquote>Of remedies of love she knew parchance<BR>
For of that art she couth the olde <i>dance</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dance of Death</b></col> <i>(Art)</i>, <cd>an allegorical
representation of the power of death over all, -- the old, the young,
the high, and the low, being led by a dancing skeleton.</cd> --
<col><b>Morris dance</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Morris</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To lead one a dance</b></col>, <cd>to cause one to go through
a series of movements or experiences as if guided by a partner in a
dance not understood.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dan"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who dances or
who practices dancing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The merry dancers</b></col>, <cd>beams of the northern
lights when they rise and fall alternately without any considerable
change of length. See <i>Aurora borealis</i>, under
<u>Aurora</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dan"cer*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
dancer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan`cet`t&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>danch&eacute;</i> dancett&eacute;, <i>dent</i> tooth.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Deeply indented; having large teeth; thus, a fess
<i>dancett&eacute;</i> has only three teeth in the whole width of the
escutcheon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <def>from
<u>Dance</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dancing girl</b></col>, <cd>one of the women in the East
Indies whose profession is to dance in the temples, or for the
amusement of spectators. There are various classes of dancing
girls.</cd> -- <col><b>Dancing master</b></col>, <cd>a teacher of
dancing.</cd> -- <col><b>Dancing school</b></col>, <cd>a school or
place where dancing is taught.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dan"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Dancett&eacute;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan"de*li`on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>dent de
lion</i> lion's tooth, fr. L. <i>dens</i> tooth + <i>leo</i> lion.
See <u>Tooth</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Lion</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A well-known plant of the genus <i>Taraxacum</i>
(<i>T. officinale</i>, formerly called <i>T. Dens-leonis</i> and
<i>Leontodos Taraxacum</i>) bearing large, yellow, compound flowers,
and deeply notched leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from
<i>dandruff</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dandruff or scurf on the
head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anger or vexation; rage.</def> [Low]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Dandle</u>.]
<def>To wander about; to saunter; to talk incoherently.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dan"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>&dsdot;&amacr;n&dsdot;i</i>, fr. <i>&dsdot;&amacr;n&dsdot;</i> an
oar.] <def>A boatman; an oarsman.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Dan"die</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a breed of small terriers; -- called also <i>Dandie
Dinmont</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan"di*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made up like a
dandy; having the dress or manners of a dandy; buckish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan"di*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dandified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dandifying</u>.] [<i>Dandy</i> + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To cause to
resemble a dandy; to make dandyish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan"di*prat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dandy</i> +
<i>brat</i> child.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little fellow; -- in
sport or contempt.</def> "A <i>dandiprat</i> hop-thumb."
<i>Stanyhurst.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small coin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Henry VII. stamped a small coin called
<i>dandiprats</i>.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dandled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dandling</u> (?).] [Cf. G. <i>d&auml;ndeln</i> to trifly, dandle,
OD. &amp; Prov. G. <i>danten</i>, G. <i>tand</i> trifly, prattle; Scot.
<i>dandill</i>, <i>dander</i>, to go about idly, to trifly.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move up and down on one's knee or in one's
arms, in affectionate play, as an infant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall be <i>dandled</i> . . . upon her
knees.</blockquote> <i>Is.&?;</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with fondness, as if a child; to
fondle; to toy with; to pet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have put me in a silk gown and gaudy fool's cap;
I as ashamed to be <i>dandled</i> thus.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The book, thus <i>dandled</i> into popularity by
bishops and good ladies, contained many pieces of nursery
eloquence.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To play with; to put off or delay by
trifles; to wheedle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Captains do so <i>dandle</i> their doings, and dally
in the service, as it they would not have the enemy
subdued.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan"dler</hw> (d&abreve;n"dl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who dandles or fondles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan"driff</hw> (d&abreve;n"dr&ibreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Dandruff</u>.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dandruff</hw> (d&abreve;n"dr&ubreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Prob. from W. <i>ton</i>crust, peel, skin + AS. <i>dr&omacr;f</i>
dirty, draffy, or W. <i>drwg</i> bad: cf. AS. <i>tan</i> a letter, an
eruption. &radic;240.] <def>A scurf which forms on the head, and
comes off in small scales or particles.</def> [Written also
<i>dandriff</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dan"dy</hw> (d&abreve;n"d&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Dandies</b></plw> (-d&ibreve;z). [Cf. F.
<i>dandin</i>, ninny, silly fellow, <i>dandiner</i> to waddle, to
play the fool; prob. allied to E. <i>dandle</i>. Senses 2 &amp; 3 are of
uncertain etymol.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who affects special
finery or gives undue attention to dress; a fop; a coxcomb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sloop
or cutter with a jigger on which a lugsail is set.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small sail carried at or near the stern of
small boats; -- called also <i>jigger</i>, and
<i>mizzen</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dandy roller. See below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dandy brush</b></col>, <cd>a yard whalebone brush.</cd> --
<col><b>Dandy fever</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Dengue</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dandy line</b></col>, <cd>a kind of fishing line to which are
attached several crosspieces of whalebone which carry a hook at each
end.</cd> -- <col><b>Dandy roller</b></col>, <cd>a roller sieve used
in machines for making paper, to press out water from the pulp, and
set the paper.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dan"dy-cock`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. masc.</i></pos>,
<hw>Dan"dy-hen`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. fem.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dandy</u>.] <def>A bantam fowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan"dy*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
dandy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan"dy*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The manners and
dress of a dandy; foppishness.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan"dy*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
make, or to act, like a dandy; to dandify.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan"dy*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dandy</i> +
<i>-ling</i>.] <def>A little or insignificant dandy; a contemptible
fop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>Dani</i>: cf. AS.
<i>Dene</i>.] <def>A native, or a naturalized inhabitant, of
Denmark.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Great Dane</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Danish dog</i>, under <u>Danish</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dane"geld`</hw> (?), <hw>Dane"gelt`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>danegeld</i>. See <u>Dane</u>, and
<u>Geld</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>An annual
tax formerly laid on the English nation to buy off the ravages of
Danish invaders, or to maintain forces to oppose them. It afterward
became a permanent tax, raised by an assessment, at first of one
shilling, afterward of two shillings, upon every hide of land
throughout the realm.</def>  <i>Wharton's Law Dict. Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dane"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
fetid European species of elder (<i>Sambucus Ebulus</i>); dwarf
elder; wallwort; elderwort; -- called also <i>Daneweed</i>, <i>Dane's
weed</i>, and <i>Dane's-blood</i>. [Said to grow on spots where
battles were fought against the Danes.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Dang</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Ding</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dang</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Ding</u>.] <def>To
dash.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Till she, o'ercome with anguish, shame, and rage,<BR>
<i>Danged</i> down to hell her loathsome carriage.</blockquote>
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>danger</i>,
<i>daunger</i>, power, arrogance, refusal, difficulty, fr. OF.
<i>dagier</i>, <i>dongier</i> (with same meaning), F. <i>danger</i>
danger, fr. an assumed LL. <i>dominiarium</i> power, authority, from
L. <i>dominium</i> power, property. See <u>Dungeon</u>,
<u>Domain</u>, <u>Dame</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Authority;
jurisdiction; control.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>danger</i>had he . . . the young
girls.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power to harm; subjection or liability to
penalty.</def>  [Obs.] See <i>In one's danger</i>, below.</p>

<p><blockquote>You stand within his <i>danger</i>, do you
not?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Covetousness of gains hath brought [them] in
<i>danger</i>of this statute.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exposure to injury, loss, pain, or other
evil; peril; risk; insecurity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Difficulty; sparingness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Coyness; disdainful behavior.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In one's danger</b></col>, <cd>in one's power; liable to a
penalty to be inflicted by him. [Obs.] This sense is retained in the
proverb, "Out of debt out of <i>danger</i>."</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Those rich man in whose debt and <i>danger</i> they be
not.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To do danger</b></col>, <cd>to cause danger.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Peril; hazard; risk; jeopardy.  -- <u>Danger</u>,
<u>Peril</u>, <u>Hazard</u>, <u>Risk</u>, <u>Jeopardy</u>.
<i>Danger</i> is the generic term, and implies some contingent evil
in prospect. <i>Peril</i> is instant or impending danger; as, in
<i>peril</i> of one's life. <i>Hazard</i> arises from something
fortuitous or beyond our control; as, the <i>hazard</i> of the seas.
<i>Risk</i> is doubtful or uncertain danger, often incurred
voluntarily; as, to <i>risk</i> an engagement. <i>Jeopardy</i> is
extreme danger. <i>Danger</i> of a contagious disease; the
<i>perils</i> of shipwreck; the <i>hazards</i> of speculation; the
<i>risk</i> of daring enterprises; a life brought into
<i>jeopardy</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Dan"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To endanger.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan"ger*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
danger; dangerous.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Dan"ger*ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan"ger*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
danger.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dan"ger*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE., haughty,
difficult, dangerous, fr. OF. <i>dangereus</i>, F. <i>dangereux</i>.
See <u>Danger</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Attended or beset with
danger; full of risk; perilous; hazardous; unsafe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our troops set forth to-morrow; stay with us;<BR>
The ways are <i>dangerous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>dangerous</i> to assert a
negative.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing danger; ready to do harm or
injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If they incline to think you <i>dangerous</i><BR>
To less than gods.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a condition of danger, as from illness;
threatened with death.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Forby. Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hard to suit; difficult to please.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My wages ben full strait, and eke full small;<BR>
My lord to me is hard and <i>dangerous</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Reserved; not affable.</def> [Obs.] "Of
his speech <i>dangerous</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dan"ger*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dan"ger*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 368 !></p>

<p><hw>Dan"gle</hw> (d&abreve;&nsm;"g'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dangled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dangling</u> (?).] [Akin to Dan. <i>dangle</i>,
dial. Sw. <i>dangla</i>, Dan.  <i>dingle</i>, Sw. <i>dingla</i>,
Icel. <i>dingla</i>; perh. from E. <i>ding</i>.] <def>To hang
loosely, or with a swinging or jerking motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He'd rather on a gibbet <i>dangle</i><BR>
Than miss his dear delight, to wrangle.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From her lifted hand<BR>
<i>Dangled</i> a length of ribbon.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dangle about</b></col> or <col><b>after</b></col>,
<cd>to hang upon importunately; to court the favor of; to
beset.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The Presbyterians, and other fanatics that <i>dangle
after</i> them,<BR>
are well inclined to pull down the present
establishment.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
dangle; to swing, as something suspended loosely; as, to
<i>dangle</i> the feet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the bridegroom stood <i>dangling</i> his bonnet
and plume.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan"gle*ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A dark blue, edible berry with a white bloom, and its shrub
(<i>Gaylussacia frondosa</i>) closely allied to the common
huckleberry. The bush is also called <i>blue tangle</i>, and is found
from New England to Kentucky, and southward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who dangles
about or after others, especially after women; a trifler.</def> "
<i>Danglers</i> at toilets."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan"i*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Hebrew prophet
distinguished for sagacity and ripeness of judgment in youth; hence,
a sagacious and upright judge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>Daniel</i> come to judgment.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Dane</u>.]
<def>Belonging to the Danes, or to their language or country.</def> -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of the Danes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Danish dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of a
large and powerful breed of dogs reared in Denmark; -- called also
<i>great Dane</i>. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dan"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A descendant of Dan; an Israelite of the tribe of Dan.</def>
<i>Judges xiii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [So called in remembrance of the prophecy in
Gen. xlix. 17, "<i>Dan</i> shall be a serpent by the way," etc.]
<def>One of a secret association of Mormons, bound by an oath to obey
the heads of the church in all things.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dank</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. dial, Sw. <i>dank</i>
a moist place in a field, Icel. <i>d&ouml;kk</i> pit, pool; possibly
akin to E. <i>damp</i> or to <i>daggle</i> dew.] <def>Damp; moist;
humid; wet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now that the fields are <i>dank</i> and ways are
mire.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cheerless watches on the cold, <i>dank</i>
ground.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Moisture; humidity;
water.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small silver coin
current in Persia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dank"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat dank.</def>
-- <wf>Dank"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>In a dark and <i>dankish</i> vault at
home.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan"ne*brog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The ancient
battle standard of Denmark, bearing figures of cross and
crown.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Order of Dannebrog</b></col>, <cd>an ancient Danish order
of knighthood.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Dan`seuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>danser</i> to dance.] <def>A professional female dancer; a woman
who dances at a public exhibition as in a ballet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dansk</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dan.] <def>Danish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dansk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Dane.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Inquire me first what <i>Danskers</i> are in
Paris.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dan*te"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to,
emanating from or resembling, the poet Dante or his
writings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dan*tesque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>Dantesco</i>.] <def>Dantelike; Dantean.</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Da*nu"bi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or bordering on, the river Danube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dap</hw> (d&abreve;p), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Dip</u>.] <i>(Angling)</i> <def>To drop the bait gently on the
surface of the water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To catch a club by <i>dapping</i> with a
grasshoper.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Da*pat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dapaticus</i>, fr. <i>daps</i> feast.] <def>Sumptuous in
cheer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daph"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a laurel tree,
from Gr. <grk>da`fnh</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of diminutive Shrubs, mostly evergreen, and with fragrant
blossoms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A nymph of Diana, fabled to
have been changed into a laurel tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daph"ne*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A colorless crystalline substance,
C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, extracted from
daphnin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Daph"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of the genus
<i>Daphnia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daph"nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>daphnine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A dark
green bitter resin extracted from the mezereon (<i>Daphne
mezereum</i>) and regarded as the essential principle of the
plant.</def> [R.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A white, crystalline,
bitter substance, regarded as a glucoside, and extracted from
<i>Daphne mezereum</i> and <i>D. alpina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daph"no*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<i><grk>da`fnh</grk></i> the laurel + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination
by means of the laurel.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dap"i*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., <i>daps</i> a
feast + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>One who brings meat to the table;
hence, in some countries, the official title of the grand master or
steward of the king's or a nobleman's household.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>daper</i>;
prob. fr. D. <i>dapper</i> brave, valiant; akin to G. <i>tapfer</i>
brave, OHG. <i>taphar</i> heavy, weighty, OSlav. <i>dobr&ubreve;</i>
good, Russ. <i>dobrui</i>.  Cf. <u>Deft</u>.] <def>Little and active;
spruce; trim; smart; neat in dress or appearance; lively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He wondered how so many provinces could be held in
subjection by such a <i>dapper</i> little man.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dapper</i> ditties that I wont
devise.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sharp-nosed, <i>dapper</i> steam yachts.</blockquote>
<i>Julian Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dap"per*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dwarf; a
dandiprat.</def> [r.]</p>

<p><hw>Dap"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>depill</i> a spot, a dot, a dog with spots over the eyes,
<i>dapi</i> a pool, and E. <i>dimple</i>.] <def>One of the spots on a
dappled animal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has . . . as many eyes on his body as my gray mare
hath <i>dapples</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dap"ple</hw> (?), <hw>Dap"pled</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked with spots of different shades of
color; spotted; variegated; as, a <i>dapple</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>dapple</i> mists still floated along the
peaks.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The word is used in composition to denote that some color
is variegated or marked with spots; as, <i>dapple</i>-bay;
<i>dapple</i>-gray.</p>

<p><blockquote>His steed was all <i>dapple</i>-gray.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, swiftly can speed my <i>dapple</i>-gray
steed.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dap"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dappled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dappling</u>.] <def>To variegate with spots; to spot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gentle day, . . . <BR>
<i>Dapples</i> the drowsy east with spots of gray.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dappled</i> pink and blushing
rose.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dar"bies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Manacles;
handcuffs.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><blockquote>Jem Clink will fetch you the
<i>darbies</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In "The Steel Glass" by Gascoigne, printed in 1576, occurs
the line "To binde such babes in father <i>Derbies bands</i>."</p>

<p><hw>Dar"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plasterer's
float, having two handles; -- used in smoothing ceilings,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dar"by*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Plymouth Brethren, or of a sect among them; -- so called from John N.
<i>Darby</i>, one of the leaders of the Brethren.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dar*da"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>[From L.
<i>Dardania</i>, poetic name of Troy.] <def>Trojan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dare</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Durst</u> (?) or <u>Dared</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Dared</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Daring</u>.] [OE.
<i>I dar</i>, <i>dear</i>, I dare, imp. <i>dorste</i>, <i>durste</i>,
AS. <i>ic dear</i> I dare, imp. <i>dorste</i>. inf. <i>durran</i>;
akin to OS. <i>gidar</i>, <i>gidorsta</i>, <i>gidurran</i>, OHG.
<i>tar</i>, <i>torsta</i>, <i>turran</i>, Goth. <i>gadar</i>,
<i>gada&uacute;rsta</i>, Gr. <i><grk>tharsei^n</grk></i>,
<i><grk>tharrei^n</grk></i>, to be bold, <i><grk>tharsy`s</grk></i>
bold, Skr. <i>Dhrsh</i> to be bold. &radic;70.] <def>To have adequate
or sufficient courage for any purpose; to be bold or venturesome; not
to be afraid; to venture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>dare</i> do all that may become a man; Who
<i>dares</i> do more is none.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why then did not the ministers use their new law?
Bacause they <i>durst</i> not, because they could not.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>dared</i> to sully her sweet love with
suspicion.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tie of party was stronger than the tie of blood,
because a partisan was more ready to <i>dare</i> without asking
why.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thu&?;yd.).</i></p>

<p>&fist; The present tense, <i>I dare</i>, is really an old past
tense, so that the third person is <i>he dare</i>, but the form <i>he
dares</i> is now often used, and will probably displace the
obsolescent <i>he dare</i>, through grammatically as incorrect as
<i>he shalls</i> or <i>he cans</i>.  <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The pore <i>dar</i> plede (the poor man <i>dare</i>
plead).</blockquote> <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You know one <i>dare</i> not discover
you.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fellow <i>dares</i> not deceive me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here boldly spread thy hands, no venom'd weed<BR>
<i>Dares</i> blister them, no slimy snail <i>dare</i>
creep.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly <i>durst</i> was also used as the present.
Sometimes the old form <i>dare</i> is found for <i>durst</i> or
<i>dared</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Dare</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dared</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Daring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have courage for; to
attempt courageously; to venture to do or to undertake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What high concentration of steady feeling makes men
<i>dare</i> every thing and do anything?</blockquote>
<i>Bagehot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To wrest it from barbarism, to <i>dare</i> its
solitudes.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To challenge; to provoke; to
defy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time, I <i>dare</i> thee to discover<BR>
Such a youth and such a lover.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality of daring; venturesomeness; boldness; dash.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It lends a luster . . . <BR>
A large <i>dare</i> to our great enterprise.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Defiance; challenge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Childish, unworthy <i>dares</i><BR>
Are not enought to part our powers.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sextus Pompeius<BR>
Hath given the <i>dare</i> to C&aelig;sar.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dare</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>darien</i>, to lie
hidden, be timid.] <def>To lurk; to lie hid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dare</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To terrify; to
daunt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For I have done those follies, those mad
mischiefs,<BR>
Would <i>dare</i> a woman.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dare larks</b></col>, <cd>to catch them by producing
terror through to use of mirrors, scarlet cloth, a hawk, etc., so
that they lie still till a net is thrown over them.</cd>
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dace</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small fish; the dace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dare"-dev`il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A reckless
fellow. Also used adjectively; as, <i>dare-devil</i>
excitement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A humorous <i>dare-devil</i> -- the very man<BR>
To suit my prpose.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dare"-dev`il*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dare-deviltries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Reckless mischief; the
action of a dare-devil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dare"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of daring or
of defiance; adventurous.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dar"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who dares or
defies.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Darg</hw>, <hw>Dargue</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Scot., contr. fr. <i>day work</i>.] <def>A day's work; also, a fixed
amount of work, whether more or less than that of a day.</def>
[Local, Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Dar"ic</hw> (d&abreve;r"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dareiko`s</grk>, of Persian origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Antiq.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A gold coin of ancient
Persia, weighing usually a little more than 128 grains, and bearing
on one side the figure of an archer.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
silver coin of about 86 grains, having the figure of an archer, and
hence, in modern times, called a <i>daric</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any very pure gold coin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dar"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Boldness;
fearlessness; adventurousness; also, a daring act.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dar"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bold; fearless;
adventurous; as, <i>daring</i> spirits.</def> -- <wf>Dar"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Dar"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dark</hw> (d&auml;rk), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dark</i>,
<i>derk</i>, <i>deork</i>, AS. <i>dearc</i>, <i>deorc</i>; cf. Gael.
& Ir. <i>dorch</i>, <i>dorcha</i>, dark, black, dusky.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute, or partially destitute, of light;
not receiving, reflecting, or radiating light; wholly or partially
black, or of some deep shade of color; not light-colored; as, a
<i>dark</i> room; a <i>dark</i> day; <i>dark</i> cloth; <i>dark</i>
paint; a <i>dark</i> complexion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>dark</i>, <i>dark</i>, <i>dark</i>, amid the
blaze of noon,<BR>
Irrecoverably <i>dark</i>, total eclipse<BR>
Without all hope of day!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>dark</i> and silent grave.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not clear to the understanding; not easily
seen through; obscure; mysterious; hidden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dark</i> problems of existence.</blockquote>
<i>Shairp.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What may seem <i>dark</i> at the first, will afterward
be found more plain.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What's your <i>dark</i> meaning, mouse, of this light
word?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of knowledge and culture; in
moral or intellectual darkness; unrefined; ignorant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The age wherein he lived was <i>dark</i>, but he<BR>
Could not want light who taught the world to see.</blockquote>
<i>Denhan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tenth century used to be reckoned by
medi&aelig;val historians as the <i>darkest</i> part of this
intellectual night.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Evincing black or foul traits of
character; vile; wicked; atrocious; as, a <i>dark</i> villain; a
<i>dark</i> deed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Left him at large to his own <i>dark</i>
designs.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Foreboding evil; gloomy; jealous;
suspicious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More <i>dark</i> and <i>dark</i> our
woes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A deep melancholy took possesion of him, and gave a
<i>dark</i> tinge to all his views of human nature.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is, in every true woman-s heart, a spark of
heavenly fire, which beams and blazes in the <i>dark</i> hour of
adversity.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Deprived of sight; blind.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was, I think, at this time quite <i>dark</i>, and
so had been for some years.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Dark</i> is sometimes used to qualify another adjective;
as, <i>dark</i> blue, <i>dark</i> green, and sometimes it forms the
first part of a compound; as, <i>dark</i>-haired, <i>dark</i>-eyed,
<i>dark</i>-colored, <i>dark</i>-seated, <i>dark</i>-working.</p>

<p><col><b>A dark horse</b></col>, <cd>in racing or politics, a horse
or a candidate whose chances of success are not known, and whose
capabilities have not been made the subject of general comment or of
wagers</cd>. [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Dark house</b></col>, <col><b>Dark
room</b></col>, <cd>a house or room in which madmen were
confined.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Dark lantern</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Lantern</u>.</cd> -- The <col><b>Dark Ages</b></col>,
<cd>a period of stagnation and obscurity in literature and art,
lasting, according to Hallam, nearly 1000 years, from about 500 to
about 1500 <u>A. D.</u>. See <i>Middle Ages</i>, under
<u>Middle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>The Dark and Bloody Ground</b></col>,
<cd>a phrase applied to the State of Kentucky, and said to be the
significance of its name, in allusion to the frequent wars that were
waged there between Indians.</cd> -- <col><b>The dark day</b></col>,
<cd>a day (May 19, 1780) when a remarkable and unexplained darkness
extended over all New England.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep
dark</b></col>, <cd>to reveal nothing.</cd> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Dark</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Absence of light; darkness; obscurity; a place where there is
little or no light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here stood he in the <i>dark</i>, his sharp sword
out.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition of ignorance; gloom;
secrecy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look, what you do, you do it still i' th'
<i>dark</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Till we perceive by our own understandings, we are as
much in the <i>dark</i>, and as void of knowledge, as
before.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A dark shade or dark
passage in a painting, engraving, or the like; as, the light and
<i>darks</i> are well contrasted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lights may serve for a repose to the <i>darks</i>,
and the <i>darks</i> to the lights.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dark</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To darken; to
obscure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dark"en</hw> (d&auml;rk"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Darkened</u> (-'nd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Darkening</u> (-n*&ibreve;ng).] [AS.
<i>deorcian</i>. See <u>Dark</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make dark or black; to deprive of light;
to obscure; as, a <i>darkened</i> room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [locusts] covered the face of the whole earth, so
that the land was <i>darkened</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. x. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake the Sovran Voice; and clouds began<BR>
To <i>darken</i> all the hill.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render dim; to deprive of
vision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let their eyes be <i>darkened</i>, that they may not
see.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xi. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cloud, obscure, or perplex; to render
less clear or intelligible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such was his wisdom that his confidence did seldom
<i>darken</i>his foresight.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who is this that <i>darkeneth</i> counsel by words
without knowledge?</blockquote> <i>Job. xxxviii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cast a gloom upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With these forced thoughts, I prithee, <i>darken</i>
not<BR>
The mirth of the feast.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make foul; to sully; to
tarnish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must not think there are<BR>
Evils enough to <i>darken</i> all his goodness.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dark"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow or
darker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dark"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, darkens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dark"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Twilight;
gloaming.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dark"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
darkness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dark"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat dark;
dusky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dar"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>dark</i>.] <def>To grow dark; to show indistinctly.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dark"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Dark</i> + the
adverbial suffix <i>-ling</i>.] <def>In the dark.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>So, out went the candle, and we were left
<i>darkling</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>As the wakeful bird</i><BR>
<i>Sings darkling</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dark"ling</hw>, <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Becoming dark or gloomy; frowing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His honest brows <i>darkling</i> as he looked towards
me.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dark; gloomy.</def> "The <i>darkling</i>
precipice."  <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dark"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>With imperfect light, clearness, or knowledge; obscurely; dimly;
blindly; uncertainly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What fame to future times conveys but <i>darkly</i>
down.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>so softly dark and <i>darkly</i> pure.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With a dark, gloomy, cruel, or menacing
look.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Looking <i>darkly</i> at the clerguman.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dark"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The absence of light; blackness; obscurity; gloom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>darkness</i> was upon the face of the
deep.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of privacy; secrecy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What I tell you in <i>darkness</i>, that speak ye in
light.</blockquote> <i>Matt. x. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A state of ignorance or error, especially
on moral or religious subjects; hence, wickedness;
impurity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men loved <i>darkness</i> rather than light, because
their deeds were evil.</blockquote> <i>John. iii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pursue these sons of <i>darkness</i>: drive them
out<BR>
From all heaven's bounds.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Want of clearness or perspicuity;
obscurity; as, the <i>darkness</i> of a subject, or of a
discussion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A state of distress or trouble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A day of clouds and of thick
<i>darkness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Joel. ii. 2.</i></p>

<p><! p. 369 !></p>

<p><col><b>Prince of darkness</b></col>, <cd>the Devil; Satan.</cd>
"In the power of the <i>Prince of darkness</i>."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Darkness</u>, <u>Dimness</u>, <u>Obscurity</u>,
<u>Gloom</u>.  <i>Darkness</i> arises from a total, and
<i>dimness</i> from a partial, want of light. A thing is
<i>obscure</i> when so overclouded or covered as not to be easily
perceived. As tha shade or <i>obscurity</i> increases, it deepens
into <i>gloom</i>. What is <i>dark</i> is hidden from view; what is
<i>obscure</i> is difficult to perceive or penetrate; the eye becomes
<i>dim</i> with age; an impending storm fills the atmosphere with
<i>gloom</i>. When taken figuratively, these words have a like use;
as, the <i>darkness</i> of ignorance; <i>dimness</i> of discernment;
<i>obscurity</i> of reasoning; <i>gloom</i> of superstition.</p>

<p><hw>Dark"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dark; gloomy;
obscure; shaded; cheerless.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He brought him through a <i>darksome</i> narrow
pass<BR>
To a broad gate, all built of beaten gold.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dark"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A negro.</def>
[Sleng]</p>

<p><hw>Dar"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>derling</i>,
<i>deorling</i>, AS. <i>de&oacute;rling</i>; <i>de&oacute;re</i> dear
+ <i>-ling</i>. See <u>Dear</u>, and <u>-ling</u>.] <def>One dearly
beloved; a favorite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And can do naught but wail her <i>darling's</i>
loss.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dar"ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dearly beloved;
regarded with especial kindness and tenderness; favorite.</def> "Some
<i>darling</i> science." <i>I. Watts.</i> "<i>Darling</i> sin."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dar`ling*to"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named
after Dr. William <i>Darlington</i>, a botanist of West Chester,
Penn.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of California pitcher plants
consisting of a single species. The long tubular leaves are hooded at
the top, and frequently contain many insects drowned in the secretion
of the leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Darn</hw> (d&auml;rn), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Darned</u> (d&auml;rnd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Darning</u>.] [OE. <i>derne</i>, prob. of Celtic
origin; cf. W. <i>darnio</i> to piece, break in pieces, W. &amp; Arm. to
E. <i>tear</i>.  Cf. <u>Tear</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
mend as a rent or hole, with interlacing stitches of yarn or thread
by means of a needle; to sew together with yarn or thread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He spent every day ten hours in his closet, in
<i>darning</i> his stockings.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Darning last</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Last</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Darning needle</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A long,
strong needle for mending holes or rents, especially in
stockings.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Any
species of dragon fly, having a long, cylindrical body, resembling a
needle. These flies are harmless and without stings. [In this sense,
usually written with a hyphen.] Called also <i>devil's darning-
needle</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Darn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place mended by
darning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Darn</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>A colloquial euphemism
for <u>Damn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dar"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>darnel</i>,
<i>dernel</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. dial. F. <i>darnelle</i>, Sw.
<i>d&aring;r-repe</i>; perh. named from a supposed intoxicating
quality of the plant, and akin to Sw. <i>d&aring;ra</i> to infatuate,
OD. <i>door</i> foolish, G. <i>thor</i> fool, and Ee. <i>dizzy</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any grass of the genus <i>Lolium</i>, esp. the
<i>Lolium temulentum</i> (bearded darnel), the grains of which have
been reputed poisonous. Other species, as <i>Lolium perenne</i> (rye
grass or ray grass), and its variety <i>L. Italicum</i> (Italian rye
grass), are highly esteemed for pasture and for making hay.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Under <i>darnel</i> our early herbalists comprehended all
kinds of cornfield weeds.  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Darn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who mends by
darning.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dar"nex</hw> (?), <hw>Dar"nic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Dornick</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Da*roo"</hw> (d&adot;*r&oomac;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The Egyptian sycamore (<i>Ficus Sycamorus</i>).
See <u>Sycamore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Darr</hw> (d&abreve;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European black tern.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dar"raign</hw>, <hw>Dar"rain</hw>, } (?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>deraisnier</i> to explain, defend, to maintain
in legal action by proof and reasonings, LL. <i>derationare</i>;
<i>de-</i> + <i>rationare</i> to discourse, contend in law, fr. L.
<i>ratio</i> reason, in LL., legal cause.  Cf. <u>Arraign</u>, and
see <u>Reason</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make ready to fight;
to array.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Darrain</i> your battle, for they are at
hand.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fight out; to contest; to decide by
combat.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>darrain</i> the battle."  <i>Chaucer
.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dar"rein</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>darrein</i>,
<i>darrain</i>, fr. an assumed LL. <i>deretranus</i>; L. <i>de</i> +
<i>retro</i> back, backward.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Last; as,
<i>darrein</i> continuance, the last continuance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>dart</i>, of
German origin; cf. OHG. <i>tart</i> javelin, dart, AS.
<i>dara&?;</i>, <i>daro&?;</i>, Sw. <i>dart</i> dagger, Icel.
<i>darra&?;r</i> dart.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pointed missile
weapon, intended to be thrown by the hand; a short lance; a javelin;
hence, any sharp-pointed missile weapon, as an arrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he [Joab] took three <i>darts</i> in his hand, and
thrust them through the heart of Absalom.</blockquote> <i>2 Sa.
xviii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a dart; anything that
pierces or wounds like a dart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The artful inquiry, whose venomed <i>dart</i><BR>
Scarce wounds the hearing while it stabs the heart.</blockquote>
<i>Hannan More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A spear set as a prize in running.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish; the dace. See
<u>Dace</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dart sac</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a sac
connected with the reproductive organs of land snails, which contains
a dart, or arrowlike structure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dart</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Darted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Darting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw with a sudden
effort or thrust, as a dart or other missile weapon; to hurl or
launch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw suddenly or rapidly; to send
forth; to emit; to shoot; as, the sun <i>darts</i> forth his
beams.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or what ill eyes malignant glances
<i>dart</i>?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dart</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
fly or pass swiftly, as a dart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To start and run with velocity; to shoot
rapidly along; as, the deer <i>darted</i> from the thicket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dar"tars</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>dartre</i>
eruption, dandruff. &radic;240.] <def>A kind of scab or ulceration on
the skin of lambs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dart"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who darts, or who throw darts; that which darts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The snakebird, a water
bird of the genus <i>Plotus</i>; -- so called because it darts out
its long, snakelike neck at its prey. See <u>Snakebird</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small fresh-water
etheostomoid fish. The group includes numerous genera and species,
all of them American. See <u>Etheostomoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dart"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like a dart;
rapidly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dar"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To pierce
or shoot through; to dart repeatedly: -- frequentative of
<i>dart</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My star that <i>dartles</i> the red and the
blue.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dar*to"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the dartos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dar"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Dartos</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Like the dartos; dartoic; as,
<i>dartoid</i> tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dar"tos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<i>&?;</i> flayed.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A thin layer of peculiar
contractile tissue directly beneath the skin of the
scrotum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dar"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>dartreux</i>.
See <u>Dartars</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Relating to, or partaking of
the nature of, the disease called tetter; herpetic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dartrous diathesis</b></col>, <cd>A morbid condition of
the system predisposing to the development of certain skin diseases,
such as eczema, psoriasis, and pityriasis. Also called <i>rheumic
diathesis</i>, and <i>herpetism</i>.</cd>  <i>Piffard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dar*win"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From the name of
Charles <i>Darwin</i>, an English scientist.] <def>Pertaining to
Darwin; as, the <i>Darwinian</i> theory, a theory of the manner and
cause of the supposed development of living things from certain
original forms or elements.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This theory was put forth by Darwin in 1859 in a work
entitled "The Origin of species by Means of Natural Selection." The
author argues that, in the struggle for existence, those plants and
creatures best fitted to the requirements of the situation in which
they are placed are the ones that will live; in other words, that
Nature selects those which are to survive. This is the theory of
<i>natural selection</i> or the <i>survival of the fittest</i>. He
also argues that natural selection is capable of modifying and
producing organisms fit for their circumstances. See <i>Development
theory</i>, under <u>Development</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dar*win"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate of
Darwinism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dar*win"i*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Darwinism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dar"win*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The theory or doctrines put forth by Darwin. See above.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dase</hw> (d&amacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Daze</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dase"we</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dasewen</i>,
<i>daswen</i>; cf. AS. <i>dysegian</i> to be foolish.] <def>To become
dim-sighted; to become dazed or dazzled.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chauscer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dash</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dashing</u>.] [Of. Scand. origin; cf. Dan <i>daske</i> to beat,
strike, Sw. &amp; Icel. <i>daska</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>dask</i> blow.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw with violence or haste; to cause to
strike violently or hastily; -- often used with
<i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you <i>dash</i> a stone against a stone in the
botton of the water, it maketh a sound.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break, as by throwing or by collision;
to shatter; to crust; to frustrate; to ruin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt <i>dash</i> them in pieces like a potter's
vessel.</blockquote> <i>Ps. ii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A brave vessel, . . . <BR>
<i>Dashed</i> all to pieces.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To perplex and <i>dash</i><BR>
Maturest counsels.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put to shame; to confound; to confuse;
to abash; to depress.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dash</i> the proud gamester in his gilded
car.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To throw in or on in a rapid, careless
manner; to mix, reduce, or adulterate, by throwing in something of an
inferior quality; to overspread partially; to bespatter; to touch
here and there; as, to <i>dash</i> wine with water; to <i>dash</i>
paint upon a picture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I take care to <i>dash</i> the character with such
particular circumstance as may prevent ill-natured
applications.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The very source and fount of day<BR>
Is <i>dashed</i> with wandering isles of night.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To form or sketch rapidly or carelessly;
to execute rapidly, or with careless haste; -- with <i>off</i>; as,
to <i>dash</i> off a review or sermon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To erase by a stroke; to strike out; knock
out; -- with <i>out</i>; as, to <i>dash</i> out a word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rush with violence;
to move impetuously; to strike violently; as, the waves <i>dash</i>
upon rocks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] <i>dashed</i> through thick and
thin.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On each hand the gushing waters play,<BR>
And down the rough cascade all <i>dashing</i> fall.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Violent striking together of two bodies; collision;
crash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden check; abashment; frustration;
ruin; as, his hopes received a <i>dash</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A slight admixture, infusion, or
adulteration; a partial overspreading; as, wine with a <i>dash</i> of
water; red with a <i>dash</i> of purple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Innocence when it has in it a <i>dash</i> of
folly.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A rapid movement, esp. one of short
duration; a quick stroke or blow; a sudden onset or rush; as, a bold
<i>dash</i> at the enemy; a <i>dash</i> of rain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She takes upon her bravely at first
<i>dash</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Energy in style or action; animation;
spirit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A vain show; a blustering parade; a
flourish; as, to make or cut a great <i>dash</i>.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Punctuation)</i> <def>A mark or line [--],
in writing or printing, denoting a sudden break, stop, or transition
in a sentence, or an abrupt change in its construction, a long or
significant pause, or an unexpected or epigrammatic turn of
sentiment. Dashes are also sometimes used instead of marks or
parenthesis.</def>  <i>John Wilson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The sign
of staccato, a small mark [&?;] denoting that the note over which it
is placed is to be performed in a short, distinct manner.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The line drawn through a figure in the
thorough bass, as a direction to raise the interval a
semitone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Racing)</i> <def>A short, spirited effort
or trial of speed upon a race course; -- used in horse racing, when a
single trial constitutes the race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dash"board`</hw> (d&abreve;sh"b&omacr;rd`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A board placed on the
fore part of a carriage, sleigh, or other vehicle, to intercept
water, mud, or snow, thrown up by the heels of the horses; -- in
England commonly called <i>splashboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
float of a paddle wheel.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A screen at
the bow af a steam launch to keep off the spray; -- called also
<i>sprayboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dash"er</hw> (d&abreve;sh"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which dashes or agitates; as, the
<i>dasher</i> of a churn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dashboard or splashboard.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who makes an ostentatious
parade.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Dash"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bold; spirited;
showy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dashing</i> and daring spirit is preferable to
the listless.</blockquote> <i>T. Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dash"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Conspicuously;
showily.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote> A <i>dashingly</i> dressed gentleman.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dash"ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
character of making ostentatious or blustering parade or show.</def>
[R. &amp; Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He must fight a duel before his claim to . . .
<i>dashism</i> can be universally allowed.</blockquote> <i>V.
Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dash"pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A
pneumatic or hydraulic cushion for a falling weight, as in the valve
gear of a steam engine, to prevent shock.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It consists of a chamber, containing air or a liquid, in
which a piston (<i>a</i>), attached to the weight, falls freely until
it enters a space (as below the openings, <i>b</i>) from which the
air or liquid can escape but slowly (as through cock <i>c</i>), when
its fall is gradually checked.</p>

<p>A cataract of an engine is sometimes called a <i>dashpot</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Dash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Dash</u>.]
<def>Calculated to arrest attention; ostentatiously fashionable;
showy.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Das"tard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from Icel.
<i>d&aelig;str</i> exhausted. breathless, p. p. of <i>d&aelig;sa</i>
to groan, lose one's breath; cf. <i>dasask</i> to become exhausted,
and E. <i>daze</i>.] <def>One who meanly shrinks from danger; an
arrant coward; a poltroon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are all recreants and <i>dashtards</i>, and
delight to live in slavery to the nobility.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Das"tard</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Meanly shrinking from
danger; cowardly; dastardly.</def> "Their <i>dastard</i> souls."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Das"tard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
dastardize.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Das"tard*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dastardized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dastardizing</u>.] <def>To make cowardly; to
intimidate; to dispirit; as, to <i>dastardize</i> my courage.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Das"tard*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being dastardly; cowardice; base fear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Das"tard*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Meanly timid;
cowardly; base; as, a <i>dastardly</i> outrage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Das"tard*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Dastardliness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Das"tard*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Base timidity;
cowardliness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Das"we</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dasewe</u></def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Da*sym"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dasy`s</grk> rough, thick + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>An instrument for testing the density of gases, consisting of a
thin glass globe, which is weighed in the gas or gases, and then in
an atmosphere of known density.</def></p>

<p><hw>Das`y*p&aelig;"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Dasyp&aelig;dic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Das`y*p&aelig;"des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>dasy`s</grk> hairy, shaggy + <i>&?;</i>, <i>&?;</i>, a
child.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Those birds whose young are covered
with down when hatched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Das`y*p&aelig;"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Dasyp&aelig;des;
ptilop&aelig;dic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Das"y*ure</hw> (d&abreve;s"&ibreve;*&umacr;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>dasy`s</grk> thick, shaggy +
<grk>o'yra`</grk> tail: cf. F. <i>dasyure</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A carnivorous marsupial quadruped of Australia, belonging to the
genus <i>Dasyurus</i>. There are several species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Das`y*u"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or like, the
dasyures.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Da"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>pl</i>. of
<i>datum</i>.] <def>See <u>Datum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
dated; having a known or ascertainable date.</def> "<i>Datable</i>
almost to a year."  <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Da*ta"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L.
<i>datum</i> given.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Formerly, a part of the
Roman chancery; now, a separate office from which are sent graces or
favors, cognizable <i>in foro externo</i>, such as appointments to
benefices. The name is derived from the word <i>datum</i>, given or
dated (with the indications of the time and place of granting the
gift or favor).</def></p>

<p><hw>Da"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>datarius</i>.
See <u>Dataria</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>An
officer in the pope's court, having charge of the Dataria.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The office or employment of a
datary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Date</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F. <i>datte</i>, L.
<i>dactylus</i>, fr. Gr. <i>&?;</i>, prob. not the same word as
<grk>da`ktylos</grk> finger, but of Semitic origin.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The fruit of the date palm; also, the date palm
itself.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This fruit is somewhat in the shape of an olive, containing
a soft pulp, sweet, esculent, and wholesome, and inclosing a hard
kernel.</p>

<p><col><b>Date palm</b></col>, or <col><b>Date tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the genus of palms which bear dates, of which
common species is <i>Ph&oelig;nix dactylifera</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i></cd> -- <col><b>Date plum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the fruit of several species of <i>Diospyros</i>, including the
American and Japanese persimmons, and the European lotus (<i>D.
Lotus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Date shell</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Date fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bivalve shell,
or its inhabitant, of the genus <i>Pholas</i>, and allied genera. See
<u>Pholas</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 370 !></p>

<p><hw>Date</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>date</i>, LL.
<i>data</i>, fr. L. <i>datus</i> given, p. p. of <i>dare</i> to give;
akin to Gr. <i>&?;</i>, OSlaw. <i>dati</i>, Skr. <i>d&amacr;</i>.
Cf. <u>Datum</u>, <i>Dose</i>, <u>Dato</u>, <u>Die</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That addition to a writing, inscription,
coin, etc., which specifies the time (as day, month, and year) when
the writing or inscription was given, or executed, or made; as, the
<i>date</i> of a letter, of a will, of a deed, of a coin.
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And bonds without a <i>date</i>, they say, are
void.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The point of time at which a transaction
or event takes place, or is appointed to take place; a given point of
time; epoch; as, the <i>date</i> of a battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He at once,<BR>
Down the long series of eventful time,<BR>
So fixed the <i>dates</i> of being, so disposed<BR>
To every living soul of every kind<BR>
The field of motion, and the hour of rest.</blockquote>
<i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Assigned end; conclusion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What Time would spare, from Steel receives its
<i>date</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Given or assigned length of life;
dyration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Good luck prolonged hath thy <i>date</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Through his life's whole <i>date</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To bear date</b></col>, <cd>to have the date named on the
face of it; -- said of a writing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Date</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dating</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>dater</i>. See 2d <u>Date</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To note the time of writing or executing; to
express in an instrument the time of its execution; as, to
<i>date</i> a letter, a bond, a deed, or a charter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To note or fix the time of, as of an
event; to give the date of; as, to <i>date</i> the building of the
pyramids.</def></p>

<p>&fist; We may say <i>dated at</i> or <i>from</i> a place.</p>

<p><blockquote>The letter is <i>dated</i> at
Philadephia.</blockquote> <i>G. T. Curtis.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You will be suprised, I don't question, to find among
your correspondencies in foreign parts, a letter <i>dated from</i>
Blois.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the countries of his jornal seems to have been
written; parts of it are <i>dated from</i> them.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Date</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have beginning; to
begin; to be dated or reckoned; -- with <i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Batavian republic <i>dates</i> from the successes
of the French arms.</blockquote> <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Date"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without date; having
no fixed time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da*tis"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white crystalline glucoside extracted from the bastard hemp
(<i>Datisca cannabina</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Da"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dativus</i>
appropriate to giving, fr. <i>dare</i> to give. See 2d <u>Date</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Noting the case of a noun
which expresses the remoter object, and is generally indicated in
English by <i>to</i> or <i>for</i> with the objective.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In one's
gift; capable of being disposed of at will and pleasure, as an
office.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Removable, as distinguished
from perpetual; -- said of an officer.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Given by a magistrate, as distinguished from being cast upon a
party by the law.</def>  <i>Burril. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dative executor</b></col>, <cd>one appointed by the judge
of probate, his office answering to that of an
administrator.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Da"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dativus</i>.]
<def>The dative case. See <u>Dative</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As a gift.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dat"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From. Gr.
<i>&?;</i> to divide + <i>-lite</i>; in allusion to the granular
structure of a massive variety.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A borosilicate of
lime commonly occuring in glassy,, greenish crystals.</def> [Written
also <i>datholite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Da"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Data</b></plw> (#). [L. See 2d <u>Date</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something given or admitted; a fact or
principle granted; that upon which an inference or an argument is
based; -- used chiefly in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any writer, therefore, who . . . furnishes us with
<i>data</i> sufficient to determine the time in which he
wrote.</blockquote> <i>Priestley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The quantities
or relations which are assumed to be given in any problem.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Datum line</b></col> <i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>the horizontal or
base line, from which the heights of points are reckoned or measured,
as in the plan of a railway, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Da*tu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; cf. Skr.
<i>dhatt&umacr;ra</i>, Per. &amp; Ar. <i>tat&umacr;ra</i>,
<i>Tat&umacr;la</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of solanaceous
plants, with large funnel-shaped flowers and a four-celled, capsular
fruit.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The commonest species are the thorn apple (<i>D.
stramonium</i>), with a prickly capsule (see <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>capsule</u>), white flowers and green stem, and <i>D. tatula</i>,
with a purplish tinge of the stem and flowers. Both are narcotic and
dangerously poisonous.</p>

<p><hw>Da*tu"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Datura</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Atropine; -- called also
<i>daturia</i> and <i>daturina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daub</hw> (d&add;b), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Daubed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Daubing</u>.] [OE. <i>dauben</i> to smear, OF. <i>dauber</i> to
plaster, fr. L. <i>dealbare</i> to whitewash, plaster; <i>de-</i> +
<i>albare</i> to whiten, fr. <i>albus</i> white, perh. also confused
with W. <i>dwb</i> plaster, <i>dwbio</i> to plaster, Ir. &amp; OGael.
<i>dob</i> plaster. See <u>Alb</u>, and cf. <u>Dealbate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To smear with soft, adhesive matter, as
pitch, slime, mud, etc.; to plaster; to bedaub; to besmear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She took for him an ark of bulrushes, and
<i>daubed</i> it with slime and with pitch.</blockquote> <i>Ex. ii.
3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To paint in a coarse or unskillful
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a picture is <i>daubed</i> with many bright and
glaring colors, the vulgar admire it is an excellent
piece.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A lame, imperfect piece, rudely <i>daubed</i>
over.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a specious or deceitful
exterior; to disguise; to conceal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So smooth he <i>daubed</i> his vice with show of
virtue.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To flatter excessively or glossy.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I can safely say, however, that, without any
<i>daubing</i> at all,<BR>
I am very sincerely your very affectionate, humble
servant.</blockquote> <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To put on without taste; to deck
gaudily.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let him be <i>daubed</i> with lace.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daub</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To smear; to play
the flatterer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His conscience . . . will not <i>daub</i> nor
flatter.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
viscous, sticky application; a spot smeared or daubed; a
smear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A picture coarsely
executed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did you . . . take a look at the grand picture? . . .
'T is a melancholy <i>daub</i>, my lord.</blockquote>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daub"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, daubs; especially, a coarse, unskillful
painter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Copperplate Print.)</i> <def>A pad or ball
of rags, covered over with canvas, for inking plates; a
dabber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A low and gross flatterer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The mud wasp; the mud
dauber.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Daub"er*y</hw> (?), or <hw>Daub"ry</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A daubing; specious coloring; false
pretenses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She works by charms, by spells, by the figure, and
such <i>daubery</i> as this is.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daub"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who daubs; that which is daubed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rough coat of mortar put upon a wall to
give it the appearance of stone; rough-cast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In currying, a mixture of fish oil and
tallow worked into leather; -- called also <i>dubbing</i>.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dau"bree*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Daubr&eacute;e</i>, a French mineralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
sulphide of chromium observed in some meteoric irons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daub"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Smeary; viscous;
glutinous; adhesive.</def> "<i>Dauby</i> wax."</p>

<p><hw>Daugh"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Daughters</b></plw> (#); obs. pl. <plw><b>Daughtren</b></plw>
(#). [OE. <i>doughter</i>, <i>doghter</i>, <i>dohter</i>, AS.
<i>dohtor</i>, <i>dohter</i>; akin to OS. <i>dohtar</i>, D.
<i>dochter</i>, G. <i>tochter</i>, Icel. <i>d&omacr;ttir</i>, Sw.
<i>dotter</i>, Dan. <i>dotter</i>, <i>datter</i>, Goth.
<i>da&uacute;htar</i>,, OSlav. <i>d&ubreve;shti</i>, Russ.
<i>doche</i>, Lith. <i>dukt&emacr;</i>, Gr. <grk>qyga`thr</grk>,
Zend. <i>dughdhar</i>, Skr. <i>duhit&rsdot;</i>; possibly originally,
the milker, cf. Skr. <i>duh</i> to milk. &radic;68, 245.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The female offspring of the human species; a
female child of any age; -- applied also to the lower
animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A female descendant; a woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This woman, being a <i>daughter</i> of
Abraham.</blockquote> <i>Luke xiii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dinah, the <i>daughter</i> of Leah, which she bare
unto Jacob, went out to see the <i>daughter</i> of the
land.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxiv. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A son's wife; a daughter-in-law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Naomi said, Turn again, my
<i>daughters</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ruth. i. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A term of address indicating parental
interest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Daughter</i>, be of good comfort.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. ix. 22.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Daughter cell</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>one of the
cells formed by cell division. See <i>Cell division</i>, under
<u>Division</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Daugh"ter-in-law`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Daughters-in-law</b></plw>. <def>The wife of one's
son.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daugh"ter*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of a daughter, or the conduct becoming a daughter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daugh"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming a
daughter; filial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir Thomas liked her natural and dear
<i>daughterly</i> affection towards him.</blockquote>
<i>Cavendish.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dauk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Dawk</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, to cut or gush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<i>Dan</i>, a title of honor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Daunted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Daunting</u>.] [OF. <i>danter</i>, F. <i>dompter</i> to tame,
subdue, fr. L. <i>domitare</i>, v. intens. of <i>domare</i> to tame.
See <u>Tame</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To overcome; to
conquer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To repress or subdue the courage of; to
check by fear of danger; to cow; to intimidate; to
dishearten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some presences <i>daunt</i> and discourage
us.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dismay; appall. See <u>Dismay</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Daunt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
daunts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daunt"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of being
daunted; undaunted; bold; fearless; intrepid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dauntless</i> he rose, and to the fight
returned.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Daunt"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Daunt"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dau"phin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>dauphin</i>,
prop., a dolphin, from L. <i>delphinus</i>. See <u>Dolphin</u>. The
name was given, for some reason unexplained, to Guigo, count of
Vienne, in the 12th century, and was borne by succeeding counts of
Vienne. In 1349, Dauphiny was bequeathed to Philippe de Valois, king
of France, on condition that the heir of the crown should always hold
the title of <i>Dauphin</i> de Viennois.] <def>The title of the
eldest son of the king of France, and heir to the crown. Since the
revolution of 1830, the title has been discontinued.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dau"phin*ess</hw> (?), or <hw>Dau"phine</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The title of the wife of the
dauphin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dauw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The striped quagga, or Burchell's zebra, of South Africa
(<i>Asinus Burchellii</i>); -- called also <i>peechi</i>, or
<i>peetsi</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dav"en*port</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the name of
the original maker. <i>Encyc. Dict.</i>] <def>A kind of small writing
table, generally somewhat ornamental, and forming a piece of
furniture for the parlor or boudoir.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A much battered <i>davenport</i> in one of the
windows, at which sat a lady writing.</blockquote> <i>A. B.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>Da*vid"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to David, the king and psalmist of Israel, or to his
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dav"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>davier</i>
forceps, davit, cooper's instrument, G. <i>david</i> davit; all
probably from the proper name <i>David</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A spar formerly used on board of ships, as a
crane to hoist the flukes of the anchor to the top of the bow,
without injuring the sides of the ship; -- called also the <i>fish
davit</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>Curved arms of
timber or iron, projecting over a ship's side of stern, having tackle
to raise or lower a boat, swing it in on deck, rig it out for
lowering, etc.; -- called also <i>boat davits</i>.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Da"vy Jones"</hw> (?). <def>The spirit of the sea; sea devil;
-- a term used by sailors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This same <i>Davy Jones</i>, according to the
mythology of sailors, is the fiend that presides over all the evil
spirits of the deep, and is seen in various shapes warning the
devoted wretch of death and woe.</blockquote> <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Davy Jones's Locker</b></col>, <cd>the ocean, or bottom of
the ocean.</cd> -- <col><b>Gone to Davy Jones's Locker</b></col>,
<cd>dead, and buried in the sea; thrown overboard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Da"vy lamp`</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Safety lamp</i>, under
<u>Lamp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da"vyne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Davyum</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of nephelite from Vesuvius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da"vy*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Sir
Humphry <i>Davy</i>, the English chemist.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare
metallic element found in platinum ore. It is a white malleable
substance. Symbol Da. Atomic weight 154.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daw</hw> (d&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dawe</i>; akin
to OHG. <i>t&amacr;ha</i>, MHG. <i>t&amacr;he</i>,
<i>t&amacr;hele</i>, G. <i>dohle</i>.  Cf. <u>Caddow</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European bird of the Crow family
(<i>Corvus monedula</i>), often nesting in church towers and ruins; a
jackdaw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The loud <i>daw</i>, his throat<BR>
displaying, draws<BR>
The whole assembly of his fellow <i>daws</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>daw</i> was reckoned as a silly bird, and a
<i>daw</i> meant a simpleton. See in Shakespeare: -- "Then thou
dwellest with <i>daws</i> too." (<i>Coriolanus iv. 5, 1. 47.</i>)
<i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dawen</i>. See
<u>Dawn</u>.] <def>To dawn.</def> [Obs.] See Dawn.
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daw</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Contr. fr. <u>Adaw</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rouse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To daunt; to terrify.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daw"dle</hw> (d&add;"d'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dawdled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dawdling</u> (?).] [Cf. <u>Daddle</u>.] <def>To
waste time in trifling employment; to trifle; to saunter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come some evening and <i>dawdle</i> over a dish of tea
with me.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We . . . <i>dawdle</i> up and down Pall
Mall.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daw"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To waste by
trifling; as, to <i>dawdle</i> away a whole morning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daw"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dawdler.</def>
<i>Colman &amp; Carrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daw"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wastes
time in trifling employments; an idler; a trifler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dawe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Day</u>.]
<def>Day.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daw"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
daw.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dawk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dawk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>dauk</i> to
cut or pierce with a jerk; cf. OE. <i>dalk</i> a dimple.  Cf. Ir.
<i>tolch</i>, <i>tollachd</i>, <i>tolladh</i>, a hole, crevice,
<i>toll</i> to bore, pierce, W. <i>tyllu</i>.] <def>To cut or mark
with an incision; to gash.</def>  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dawk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hollow, crack, or cut,
in timber.</def>  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dawn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dawned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dawning</u>.] [OE. <i>dawnen</i>, <i>dawen</i>, <i>dagen</i>,
<i>daien</i>, AS. <i>dagian</i> to become day, to dawn, fr.
<i>d&aelig;g</i> day; akin to D. <i>dagen</i>, G. <i>tagen</i>, Icel.
<i>daga</i>, Dan. <i>dages</i>, Sw. <i>dagas</i>. See <u>Day</u>.
&radic;71.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To begin to grow light in the
morning; to grow light; to break, or begin to appear; as, the day
<i>dawns</i>; the morning <i>dawns</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the end of the Sabbath, as it began to <i>dawn</i>
toward the first day of the week, came Mary Magdalene . . . to see
the sepulcher.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxviii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To began to give promise; to begin to
appear or to expand.</def> "In <i>dawning</i> youth."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When life awakes, and <i>dawns</i> at every
line.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dawn</i> on our darkness and lend us thine
aid.</blockquote> <i>Heber,</i></p>

<p><hw>Dawn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
break of day; the first appearance of light in the morning; show of
approaching sunrise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And oft at <i>dawn</i>, deep noon, or falling
eve.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No sun, no moon, no morn, no noon,<BR>
No <i>dawn</i>, no dusk, no proper time of day.</blockquote>
<i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>First opening or expansion; first
appearance; beginning; rise.</def> "The <i>dawn</i> of time."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These tender circumstances diffuse a <i>dawn</i> of
serenity over the soul.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daw"son*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after J. W.
<i>Dawson</i> of Montreal.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous carbonate of
alumina and soda, occuring in white, bladed crustals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Day</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>day</i>,
<i>dai</i>,, <i>dei</i>, AS. <i>d&aelig;g</i>; akin to OS., D., Dan.,
& Sw. <i>dag</i>, G, <i>tag</i>, Icel. <i>dagr</i>, Goth.
<i>dags</i>; cf. Skr. <i>dah</i> (for <i>dhagh</i> ?) to burn.
&radic;69.  Cf. <u>Dawn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The time of
light, or interval between one night and the next; the time between
sunrise and sunset, or from dawn to darkness; hence, the light;
sunshine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The period of the earth's revolution on
its axis. -- ordinarily divided into twenty-four hours. It is
measured by the interval between two successive transits of a
celestial body over the same meridian, and takes a specific name from
that of the body. Thus, if this is the sun, the day (the interval
between two successive transits of the sun's center over the same
meridian) is called a <i>solar day</i>; if it is a star, a
<i>sidereal day</i>; if it is the moon, a <i>lunar day</i>.  See
<i>Civil day</i>, <i>Sidereal day</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Those hours, or the daily recurring
period, allotted by usage or law for work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A specified time or period; time,
considered with reference to the existence or prominence of a person
or thing; age; time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man who was great among the Hellenes of his
<i>day</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. )</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If my debtors do not keep their <i>day</i>, . . . <BR>
I must with patience all the terms attend.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>(Preceded by <i>the</i>) Some day in
particular, as some day of contest, some anniversary, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The field of Agincourt,<BR>
Fought on the <i>day</i> of Crispin Crispianus.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His name struck fear, his conduct won the
<i>day</i>.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Day</i> is much used in self-explaining compounds; as,
<i>day</i>break, <i>day</i>light, work<i>day</i>, etc.</p>

<p><! p. 371 !></p>

<p><col><b>Anniversary day</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Anniversary</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Astronomical day</b></col>,
<cd>a period equal to the mean solar day, but beginning at noon
instead of at midnight, its twenty-four hours being numbered from 1
to 24; also, the sidereal day, as that most used by astronomers.</cd>
-- <col><b>Born days</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Born</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Canicular days</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Dog day</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Civil day</b></col>, <cd>the mean solar day, used in the
ordinary reckoning of time, and among most modern nations beginning
at mean midnight; its hours are usually numbered in two series, each
from 1 to 12. This is the period recognized by courts as constituting
a day. The Babylonians and Hindoos began their day at sunrise, the
Athenians and Jews at sunset, the ancient Egyptians and Romans at
midnight.</cd> -- <col><b>Day blindness</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Nyctalopia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Day by day</b></col>,
<i>or</i> <col><b>Day after day</b></col>, <cd>daily; every day;
continually; without intermission of a day. See under <u>By</u>.</cd>
"<i>Day by day</i> we magnify thee." <i>Book of Common Prayer.</i> --
<col><b>Days in bank</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>certain stated
days for the return of writs and the appearance of parties; -- so
called because originally peculiar to the Court of Common Bench, or
Bench (<i>bank</i>) as it was formerly termed.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> -
- <col><b>Day in court</b></col>, <cd>a day for the appearance of
parties in a suit.</cd> -- <col><b>Days of devotion</b></col> <i>(R.
C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>certain festivals on which devotion leads the
faithful to attend mass.</cd> <i>Shipley.</i> -- <col><b>Days of
grace</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Grace</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Days of
obligation</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>festival days when it is
obligatory on the faithful to attend Mass.</cd> <i>Shipley.</i> --
<col><b>Day owl</b></col>, <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an owl that flies
by day. See <u>Hawk owl</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Day rule</b></col>
<i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>an order of court (now abolished) allowing a
prisoner, under certain circumstances, to go beyond the prison limits
for a single day.</cd> -- <col><b>Day school</b></col>, <cd>one which
the pupils attend only in daytime, in distinction from a boarding
school.</cd> -- <col><b>Day sight</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Hemeralopia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Day's work</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the account or reckoning of a ship's course for
twenty-four hours, from noon to noon.</cd> -- <col><b>From day to
day</b></col>, <cd>as time passes; in the course of time; as, he
improves <i>from day to day</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Jewish
day</b></col>, <cd>the time between sunset and sunset.</cd> --
<col><b>Mean solar day</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the mean or
average of all the apparent solar days of the year.</cd> --
<col><b>One day</b></col>, <col><b>One of these days</b></col>,
<cd>at an uncertain time, usually of the future, rarely of the past;
sooner or later.</cd> "Well, niece, I hope to see you <i>one day</i>
fitted with a husband." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Only from day to
day</b></col>, <cd>without certainty of continuance;
temporarily.</cd> <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>Sidereal day</b></col>,
<cd>the interval between two successive transits of the first point
of Aries over the same meridian. The <i>Sidereal day</i> is 23 h. 56
m. 4.09 s. of mean solar time.</cd> -- <col><b>To win the
day</b></col>, <cd>to gain the victory, to be successful.</cd> <i>S.
Butler.</i> -- <col><b>Week day</b></col>, <cd>any day of the week
except Sunday; a working day.</cd> -- <col><b>Working day</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A day when work may be legally done, in
distinction from Sundays and legal holidays.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The number of hours, determined by law or custom, during which a
workman, hired at a stated price per day, must work to be entitled to
a day's pay.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Day"aks</hw> (d&imacr;"&abreve;ks), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>See <u>Dyaks</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Day"book`</hw> (d&amacr;"b&oocr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A journal of accounts; a primary record book in which are
recorded the debts and credits, or accounts of the day, in their
order, and from which they are transferred to the journal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Day"break`</hw> (d&amacr;"br&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The time of the first appearance of light in the
morning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Day"-coal`</hw> (d&amacr;"k&omacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>The upper stratum of coal, as nearest the light
or surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Day"dream`</hw> (-dr&emacr;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
vain fancy speculation; a reverie; a castle in the air; unfounded
hope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mrs. Lambert's little <i>daydream</i> was
over.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Day"dream`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One given to
daydreams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Day"flow`er</hw> (-flou`&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus consisting mostly of tropical perennial
herbs (<i>Commelina</i>), having ephemeral flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Day"fly`</hw> (d&amacr;"fl&imacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A neuropterous insect of the genus
<i>Ephemera</i> and related genera, of many species, and inhabiting
fresh water in the larval state; the ephemeral fly; -- so called
because it commonly lives but one day in the winged or adult state.
See <i>Ephemeral fly</i>, under <u>Ephemeral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Day"-la`bor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Labor hired or
performed by the day.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Day"-la`bor*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
works by the day; -- usually applied to a farm laborer, or to a
workman who does not work at any particular trade.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Day"light`</hw> (-l&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The light of day as opposed to the darkness
of night; the light of the sun, as opposed to that of the moon or to
artificial light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The eyes.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Day" lil`y</hw> (l&ibreve;l`&ybreve;). <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of plants (<i>Hemerocallis</i>)
closely resembling true lilies, but having tuberous rootstocks
instead of bulbs. The common species have long narrow leaves and
either yellow or tawny-orange flowers.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A genus of plants (<i>Funkia</i>) differing from the last in
having ovate veiny leaves, and large white or blue flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Day"maid`</hw> (-m&amc;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dairymaid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Day"mare`</hw> (d&amacr;"m&acirc;r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Day</i> + <i>mare</i> incubus.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of
incubus which occurs during wakefulness, attended by the peculiar
pressure on the chest which characterizes nightmare.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Day"-net`</hw> (-n&ebreve;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A net
for catching small birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Day"-peep`</hw> (-p&emacr;p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
dawn.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Days"man</hw> (d&amacr;z"m&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <i>day</i> in the sense of <i>day fixed for trial</i>.] <def>An
umpire or arbiter; a mediator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither is there any <i>daysman</i> betwixt
us.</blockquote> <i>Job ix. 33.</i></p>

<p><hw>Day"spring`</hw> (d&amacr;"spr&ibreve;ng`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The beginning of the day, or first
appearance of light; the dawn; hence, the beginning.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tender mercy of our God; whereby the
<i>dayspring</i> from on high hath visited us.</blockquote> <i>Luke
i. 78.</i></p>

<p><hw>Day"-star`</hw> (-st&auml;r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The morning star; the star which ushers in
the day.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dark place, until the day dawn, and the <i>day-
star</i> arise in your hearts.</blockquote> <i>2 Peter i. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sun, as the orb of day.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>So sinks the <i>day-star</i> in the ocean bed,<BR>
And yet anon repairs his drooping head,<BR>
And tricks his beams, and with new-spangled ore<BR>
Flames in the forehead of the morning sky.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Day"time`</hw> (-t&imacr;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
time during which there is daylight, as distinguished from the
night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Day"wom`an</hw> (-w&oocr;m`<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A dairymaid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Daze</hw> (d&amacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dazed</u> (d&amacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dazing</u>.] [OE. <i>dasen</i>, prob. from Icel.
<i>dasask</i> to become weary, a reflexive verb; cf. Sw. <i>dasa</i>
to lie idle, and OD. <i>daesen</i> to be foolish, insane,
<i>daes</i>, <i>dwaes</i>, D. <i>dwaas</i>, foolish, insane, AS.
<i>dw&aemacr;s</i>, <i>dysig</i>, stupid. &radic;71.  Cf.
<u>Dizzy</u>, <u>Doze</u>.] <def>To stupefy with excess of light;
with a blow, with cold, or with fear; to confuse; to
benumb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While flashing beams do <i>daze</i> his feeble
eyen.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such souls,<BR>
Whose sudden visitations <i>daze</i> the world.</blockquote> <i>Sir
H. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He comes out of the room in a <i>dazed</i> state, that
is an odd though a sufficient substitute for interest.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state of being dazed; as, he was in a <i>daze</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A glittering
stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dazzled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dazzling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>daze</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To overpower with light; to confuse the sight of by brilliance
of light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those heavenly shapes<BR>
Will <i>dazzle</i> now the earthly, with their blaze<BR>
Insufferably bright.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An unreflected light did never yet<BR>
<i>Dazzle</i> the vision feminine.</blockquote> <i>Sir H.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bewilder or surprise with brilliancy or
display of any kind.</def> "<i>Dazzled</i> and drove back his
enemies."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be overpoweringly or intensely bright; to excite admiration
by brilliancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ah, friend! to <i>dazzle</i>, let the vain
design.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be overpowered by light; to be confused
by excess of brightness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An overlight maketh the eyes
<i>dazzle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I dare not trust these eyes;<BR>
They dance in mists, and <i>dazzle</i> with surprise.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light of dazzling
brilliancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Daz"zle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dazzling
flash, glare, or burst of light.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Daz"zling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dazzling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De-</hw> (?). <def>A prefix from Latin <i>de</i> down, from,
away; as in <i>de</i>bark, <i>de</i>cline, <i>de</i>cease,
<i>de</i>duct, <i>de</i>camp. In words from the French it is
equivalent to Latin <i>dis-</i> apart, away; or sometimes to
<i>de</i>.  Cf. <u>Dis-</u>. It is negative and opposite in
<i>de</i>range, <i>de</i>form, <i>de</i>stroy, etc. It is intensive
in <i>de</i>prave, <i>de</i>spoil, <i>de</i>clare, <i>de</i>solate,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dea"con</hw> (d&emacr;"k'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>diakne</i>, <i>deakne</i>, <i>deken</i>, AS. <i>diacon</i>,
<i>deacon</i>, L. <i>diaconus</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a servant or minister,
a minister of the church; of uncertain origin. In sense 2 prob.
confused with <i>dean</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An
officer in Christian churches appointed to perform certain
subordinate duties varying in different communions. In the Roman
Catholic and Episcopal churches, a person admitted to the lowest
order in the ministry, subordinate to the bishops and priests. In
Presbyterian churches, he is subordinate to the minister and elders,
and has charge of certain duties connected with the communion service
and the care of the poor. In Congregational churches, he is
subordinate to the pastor, and has duties as in the Presbyterian
church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The chairman of an incorporated
company.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Dea"con</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To read aloud
each line of (a psalm or hymn) before singing it, -- usually with
<i>off</i>.</def> [Colloq. New. Eng.] See <u>Line</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></p>

<p>&fist; The expression is derived from a former custom in the
Congregational churches of New England. It was part of the office of
a deacon to read aloud the psalm given out, one line at a time, the
congregation singing each line as soon as read; -- called, also,
<i>lining out the psalm</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Dea"con*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>A female deacon</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Primitive
Ch.)</i> <def>One of an order of women whose duties resembled those
of deacons.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Ch. of Eng. and Prot. Epis.
Ch.)</i> <def>A woman set apart for church work by a bishop.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A woman chosen as a helper in church work,
as among the Congregationalists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dea"con*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a deacon; office of a deacon; deaconship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dea"con*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Deaconship</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dea"con*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
ministry of a deacon or deaconess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dead</hw> (d&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ded</i>,
<i>dead</i>, <i>deed</i>, AS. <i>de&aacute;d</i>; akin to OS.
<i>d&omacr;d</i>, D. <i>dood</i>, G. <i>todt</i>, <i>tot</i>, Icel.
<i>dau&eth;r</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>d&ouml;d</i>, Goth. <i>daubs</i>;
prop. p. p. of an old verb meaning <i>to die</i>. See <u>Die</u>, and
cf. <u>Death</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deprived of life; --
opposed to <i>alive</i> and <i>living</i>; reduced to that state of a
being in which the organs of motion and life have irrevocably ceased
to perform their functions; as, a <i>dead</i> tree; a <i>dead</i>
man.</def> "The queen, my lord, is <i>dead</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The crew, all except himself, were <i>dead</i> of
hunger.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Seek him with candle, bring him <i>dead</i> or
living.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of life; inanimate; as,
<i>dead</i> matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Resembling death in appearance or quality;
without show of life; deathlike; as, a <i>dead</i> sleep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Still as death; motionless; inactive;
useless; as, <i>dead</i> calm; a <i>dead</i> load or
weight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>So constructed as not to transmit sound;
soundless; as, a <i>dead</i> floor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Unproductive; bringing no gain;
unprofitable; as, <i>dead</i> capital; <i>dead</i> stock in
trade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Lacking spirit; dull; lusterless;
cheerless; as, <i>dead</i> eye; <i>dead</i> fire; <i>dead</i> color,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Monotonous or unvaried; as, a <i>dead</i>
level or pain; a <i>dead</i> wall.</def> "The ground is a <i>dead</i>
flat."  <i>C. Reade.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Sure as death; unerring; fixed; complete;
as, a <i>dead</i> shot; a <i>dead</i> certainty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had them a <i>dead</i> bargain.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i> <sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Bringing death;
deadly.</def>  <i>Shak.</i> <sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in
religious spirit and vitality; as, <i>dead</i> faith; <i>dead</i>
works.</def> "<i>Dead</i> in trespasses."  <i>Eph. ii. 1.</i>
<sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Flat;
without gloss; -- said of painting which has been applied purposely
to have this effect.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not brilliant;
not rich; thus, brown is a <i>dead</i> color, as compared with
crimson.</def> <sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Cut off from the
rights of a citizen; deprived of the power of enjoying the rights of
property; as, one banished or becoming a monk is civilly
<i>dead</i>.</def> <sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Not
imparting motion or power; as, the <i>dead</i> spindle of a lathe,
etc.  See <u>Spindle</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dead ahead</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>directly ahead; -
- said of a ship or any object, esp. of the wind when blowing from
that point toward which a vessel would go.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead
angle</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>an angle or space which can not be
seen or defended from behind the parapet.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead
block</b></col>, <cd>either of two wooden or iron blocks intended to
serve instead of buffers at the end of a freight car.</cd> --
<col><b>Dead calm</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>no wind at all.</cd>
-- <col><b>Dead center</b></col>, or <col><b>Dead point</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>either of two points in the orbit of a crank, at
which the crank and connecting rod lie a straight line. It
corresponds to the end of a stroke; as, <i>A</i> and <i>B</i> are
<i>dead centers</i> of the crank mechanism in which the crank
<i>C</i> drives, or is driven by, the lever <i>L</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dead color</b></col> <i>(Paint.)</i>, <cd>a color which has
no gloss upon it.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead coloring</b></col> <i>(Oil
paint.)</i>, <cd>the layer of colors, the preparation for what is to
follow. In modern painting this is usually in monochrome.</cd> --
<col><b>Dead door</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>a storm
shutter fitted to the outside of the quarter-gallery door.</cd> --
<col><b>Dead flat</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the widest or midship
frame.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead freight</b></col> <i>(Mar. Law)</i>,
<cd>a sum of money paid by a person who charters a whole vessel but
fails to make out a full cargo. The payment is made for the
unoccupied capacity.</cd> <i>Abbott.</i> -- <col><b>Dead
ground</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>the portion of a vein in which
there is no ore.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead hand</b></col>, <cd>a hand that
can not alienate, as of a person civilly dead.</cd> "Serfs held in
<i>dead hand</i>." <i>Morley.</i> See <u>Mortmain</u>. --
<col><b>Dead head</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rough block of wood
used as an anchor buoy.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead heat</b></col>, <cd>a
heat or course between two or more race horses, boats, etc., in which
they come out exactly equal, so that neither wins.</cd> --
<col><b>Dead horse</b></col>, <cd>an expression applied to a debt for
wages paid in advance.</cd> [Law] -- <col><b>Dead language</b></col>,
<cd>a language which is no longer spoken or in common use by a
people, and is known only in writings, as the Hebrew, Greek, and
Latin.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead letter</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A letter which, after lying for a certain fixed time uncalled for
at the post office to which it was directed, is then sent to the
general post office to be opened.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>That
which has lost its force or authority; as, the law has become a
<i>dead letter</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead-letter office</b></col>,
<cd>a department of the general post office where dead letters are
examined and disposed of.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead level</b></col>, <cd>a
term applied to a flat country.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead lift</b></col>,
<cd>a direct lift, without assistance from mechanical advantage, as
from levers, pulleys, etc.; hence, an extreme emergency.</cd> "(As we
say) at a <i>dead lift</i>." <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i> --
<col><b>Dead line</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a line drawn within or
around a military prison, to cross which involves for a prisoner the
penalty of being instantly shot.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead load</b></col>
<i>(Civil Engin.)</i>, <cd>a constant, motionless load, as the weight
of a structure, in distinction from a moving load, as a train of
cars, or a variable pressure, as of wind.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead
march</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a piece of solemn music intended
to be played as an accompaniment to a funeral procession.</cd> --
<col><b>Dead nettle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a harmless plant
with leaves like a nettle (<i>Lamium album</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Dead
oil</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the heavy oil obtained in the
distillation of coal tar, and containing phenol, naphthalus,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead plate</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a solid
covering over a part of a fire grate, to prevent the entrance of air
through that part.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead pledge</b></col>, <cd>a
mortgage. See <u>Mortgage</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead point</b></col>.
<i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>See <i>Dead center</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead
reckoning</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the method of determining the
place of a ship from a record kept of the courses sailed as given by
compass, and the distance made on each course as found by log, with
allowance for leeway, etc., without the aid of celestial
observations.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead rise</b></col>, <cd>the transverse
upward curvature of a vessel's floor.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead
rising</b></col>, <cd>an elliptical line drawn on the sheer plan to
determine the sweep of the floorheads throughout the ship's
length.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead-Sea apple</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Apple</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead set</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Set</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead shot</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>An unerring marksman.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A shot certain
to be made.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead smooth</b></col>, <cd>the finest cut
made; -- said of files.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead wall</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a blank wall unbroken by windows or other
openings.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead water</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>the eddy water closing in under a ship's stern when sailing.</cd>
-- <col><b>Dead weight</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A heavy or
oppressive burden.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Shipping)</i> <cd>A ship's lading, when it consists of heavy
goods; or, the heaviest part of a ship's cargo.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Railroad)</i> <cd>The weight of rolling
stock, the live weight being the load.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Dead wind</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a wind directly
ahead, or opposed to the ship's course.</cd> -- <col><b>To be
dead</b></col>, <cd>to die.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I deme thee, thou must algate be
<i>dead</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inanimate; deceased; extinct. See
<u>Lifeless</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dead</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To a degree
resembling death; to the last degree; completely; wholly.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I was tired of reading, and <i>dead</i>
sleepy.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dead drunk</b></col>, <cd>so drunk as to be
unconscious.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dead</hw> (d&ebreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The most quiet or deathlike time; the period
of profoundest repose, inertness, or gloom; as, the <i>dead</i> of
winter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the drum beat at <i>dead</i> of
night.</blockquote> <i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is dead; -- commonly used
collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Abraham stood up from before his
<i>dead</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxiii. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dead</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make dead; to
deaden; to deprive of life, force, or vigor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven's stern decree,<BR>
With many an ill, hath numbed and <i>deaded</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dead</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To die; to lose life
or force.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So iron, as soon as it is out of the fire,
<i>deadeth</i> straightway.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dead` beat"</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Beat</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</def> [Low, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dead"beat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Making a beat without recoil; giving indications by a single
beat or excursion; -- said of galvanometers and other instruments in
which the needle or index moves to the extent of its deflection and
stops with little or no further oscillation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Deadbeat escapement</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Escapement</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dead"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Stillborn.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dead"en</hw> (d&ebreve;d"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deadened</u> (-'nd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Deadening</u>.] [From <u>Dead</u>; cf. AS.
<i>d&?;dan</i> to kill, put to death. See <u>Dead</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make as dead; to
impair in vigor, force, activity, or sensation; to lessen the force
or acuteness of; to blunt; as, to <i>deaden</i> the natural powers or
feelings; to <i>deaden</i> a sound.</def></p>

<p><! p. 372 !></p>

<p><blockquote>As harper lays his open palm<BR>
Upon his harp, to <i>deaden</i> its vibrations.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lessen the velocity or momentum of; to
retard; as, to <i>deaden</i> a ship's headway.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make vapid or spiritless; as, to
<i>deaden</i> wine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of gloss or brilliancy; to
obscure; as, to <i>deaden</i> gilding by a coat of size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dead"en*er</hw> (d&ebreve;d"'n*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which, deadens or
checks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dead"-eye`</hw> (d&ebreve;d"&imacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A round, flattish, wooden block, encircled by a
rope, or an iron band, and pierced with three holes to receive the
lanyard; -- used to extend the shrouds and stays, and for other
purposes. Called also <i>deadman's eye</i>.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dead"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who receives free tickets for theaters, public conveyances,
etc.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A buoy. See under
<u>Dead</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Dead"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
dull, faint heart; spiritless; listless.</def> -- <wf>Dead"-
heart`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dead"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A morgue; a
place for the temporary reception and exposure of dead
bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dead"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat dead, dull,
or lifeless; deathlike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lips put on a <i>deadish</i>
paleness.</blockquote> <i>A. Stafford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dead"latch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
latch whose bolt may be so locked by a detent that it can not be
opened from the inside by the handle, or from the outside by the
latch key.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dead"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A strong shutter, made to fit open ports and keep out water in a
storm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dead"li*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of the
dead.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dead"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being deadly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dead"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A lock which is not self-latching, but requires a key to throw
the bolt forward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A counteraction of things, which produces
an entire stoppage; a complete obstruction of action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Things are at a <i>deadlock</i>.</blockquote>
<i>London Times.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Board is much more likely to be at a
<i>deadlock</i> of two to two.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dead"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of causing death; mortal; fatal; destructive; certain or
likely to cause death; as, a <i>deadly</i> blow or wound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Aiming or willing to destroy; implacable;
desperately hostile; flagitious; as, <i>deadly</i> enemies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy assailant is quick, skillful, and
<i>deadly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Subject to death; mortal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The image of a <i>deadly</i> man.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif (Rom. i. 23).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Deadly nightshade</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a poisonous
plant; belladonna. See under <u>Nightshade</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dead"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a manner resembling, or as if produced by, death.</def>
"<i>Deadly</i> pale."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a manner to occasion death;
mortally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The groanings of a <i>deadly</i> wounded
man.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxx. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In an implacable manner;
destructively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Extremely.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Deadly</i>
weary." <i>Orrery.</i> "So <i>deadly</i> cunning a man."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dead"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
destitute of life, vigor, spirit, activity, etc.; dullness;
inertness; languor; coldness; vapidness; indifference; as, the
<i>deadness</i> of a limb, a body, or a tree; the <i>deadness</i> of
an eye; <i>deadness</i> of the affections; the <i>deadness</i> of
beer or cider; <i>deadness</i> to the world, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dead"-pay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pay drawn for
soldiers, or others, really dead, whose names are kept on the
rolls.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O you commanders,<BR>
That, like me, have no <i>dead-pays</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dead"-reck`on*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See under <u>Dead</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Deads</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>The substances which inclose the ore on every side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dead"-stroke`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i>
<def>Making a stroke without recoil; deadbeat.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dead-stroke hammer</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a power
hammer having a spring interposed between the driving mechanism and
the hammer head, or helve, to lessen the recoil of the hammer and
reduce the shock upon the mechanism.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dead"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A mass of timbers built into the bow and stern of
a vessel to give solidity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dead trees or branches; useless
material.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Dead"works`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The parts of a ship above the water when she is laden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deaf</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>def</i>,
<i>deaf</i>, <i>deef</i>, AS. <i>de&aacute;f</i>; akin to D.
<i>doof</i>, G. <i>taub</i>, Icel. <i>daufr</i>, Dan.
<i>d&ouml;v</i>, Sw. <i>d&ouml;f</i>, Goth. <i>daubs</i>, and prob.
to E. <i>dumb</i> (the original sense being, dull as applied to one
of the senses), and perh. to Gr. &?; (for &?;) blind, &?; smoke,
vapor, folly, and to G. <i>toben</i> to rage.  Cf. <u>Dum</u>b.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting the sense of hearing, either wholly
or in part; unable to perceive sounds; hard of hearing; as, a
<i>deaf</i> man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come on my right hand, for this ear is
<i>deaf</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unwilling to hear or listen; determinedly
inattentive; regardless; not to be persuaded as to facts, argument,
or exhortation; -- with <i>to</i>; as, <i>deaf</i> to
reason.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, that men's ears should be<BR>
To counsel <i>deaf</i>, but not to flattery!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Deprived of the power of hearing;
deafened.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deaf</i> with the noise, I took my hasty
flight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Obscurely heard; stifled; deadened.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>deaf</i> murmur through the squadron
went.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Decayed; tasteless; dead; as, a
<i>deaf</i> nut; <i>deaf</i> corn.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If the season be unkindly and intemperate, they
[peppers] will catch a blast; and then the seeds will be <i>deaf</i>,
void, light, and naught.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Deaf and dumb</b></col>, <cd>without the sense of hearing
or the faculty of speech. See <u>Deaf-mute</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Deaf</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deafen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deaf"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deafened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deafening</u>.] [From <u>Deaf</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make deaf; to deprive of the power of hearing; to render incapable of
perceiving sounds distinctly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deafened</i> and stunned with their promiscuous
cries.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>To render impervious to
sound, as a partition or floor, by filling the space within with
mortar, by lining with paper, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deaf"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process
of rendering impervious to sound, as a floor or wall; also, the
material with which the spaces are filled in this process;
pugging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deaf"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without sense of
sounds; obscurely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deaf"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lonely;
solitary.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deaf"-mute`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
is deaf and dumb; one who, through deprivation or defect of hearing,
has either failed the acquire the power of speech, or has lost
it.</def> [See Illust. of <u>Dactylology</u>.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deaf-mutes</i> are still so called, even when, by
artificial methods, they have been taught to speak
imperfectly.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Deaf"-mut`ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition of being a deaf-mute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deaf"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Incapacity of perceiving sounds; the state of the organs which
prevents the impression which constitute hearing; want of the sense
of hearing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unwillingness to hear; voluntary rejection
of what is addressed to the understanding.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nervous deafness</b></col>, <cd>a variety of deafness
dependent upon morbid change in some portion of the nervous system,
especially the auditory nerve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Deal</hw> (d&emacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>del</i>,
<i>deel</i>, part, AS. <i>d&aemacr;l</i>; akin to OS.
<i>d&emacr;l</i>, D. &amp; Dan. <i>deel</i>, G. <i>theil</i>,
<i>teil</i>, Icel. <i>deild</i>, Sw. <i>del</i>, Goth. <i>dails</i>.
&radic;65.  Cf. 3d <u>Dole</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A part or
portion; a share; hence, an indefinite quantity, degree, or extent,
degree, or extent; as, a <i>deal</i> of time and trouble; a
<i>deal</i> of cold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Three tenth <i>deals</i> [parts of an ephah] of
flour.</blockquote> <i>Num. xv. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As an object of science it [the Celtic genius] may
count for a good <i>deal</i> . . . as a spiritual power.</blockquote>
<i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She was resolved to be a good <i>deal</i> more
circumspect.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p>&fist; It was formerly limited by <i>some</i>, <i>every</i>,
<i>never a</i>, <i>a thousand</i>, etc.; as, <i>some deal</i>; but
these are now obsolete or vulgar. In general, we now qualify the word
with <i>great</i> or <i>good</i>, and often use it adverbially,
<i>by</i> being understood; as, a <i>great deal</i> of time and
pains; a <i>great</i> (or <i>good</i>) <i>deal</i> better or worse;
that is, better <i>by</i> a great deal, or by a great part or
difference.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The process of dealing cards to the
players; also, the portion disturbed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>deal</i>, the shuffle, and the
cut.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Distribution; apportionment.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An arrangement to attain a desired result
by a combination of interested parties; -- applied to stock
speculations and political bargains.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Prob. from D. <i>deel</i> a plank, threshing
floor. See <u>Thill</u>.] <def>The division of a piece of timber made
by sawing; a board or plank; particularly, a board or plank of fir or
pine above seven inches in width, and exceeding six feet in length.
If narrower than this, it is called a <i>batten</i>; if shorter, a
<i>deal end</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Whole deal</i> is a general term for planking one and
one half inches thick.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Wood of the pine or fir; as, a floor of
<i>deal</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Deal tree</b></col>, <cd>a fir tree.</cd>  <i>Dr.
Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dealt</u> (d&ebreve;lt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dealing</u>.] [OE. <i>delen</i>, AS.
<i>d&aemacr;lan</i>, fr. <i>d&aemacr;l</i> share; akin to OS.
<i>d&emacr;lian</i>, D. <i>deelen</i>, G. <i>theilen</i>,
<i>teilen</i>, Icel. <i>deila</i>, Sw. <i>dela</i>, Dan. <i>dele</i>,
Goth. <i>dailjan</i>. See <u>Deal</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide; to separate in portions; hence, to
give in portions; to distribute; to bestow successively; -- sometimes
with <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it not to <i>deal</i> thy bread to the
hungry?</blockquote> <i>Is. lviii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And Rome <i>deals</i> out her blessings and her
gold.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The nightly mallet <i>deals</i> resounding
blows.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hissing through the skies, the feathery deaths were
<i>dealt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: To distribute, as cards, to
the players at the commencement of a game; as, to <i>deal</i> the
cards; to <i>deal</i> one a jack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make distribution; to share out in portions, as cards to the
players.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do a distributing or retailing
business, as distinguished from that of a manufacturer or producer;
to traffic; to trade; to do business; as, he <i>deals</i> in
flour.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They buy and sell, they <i>deal</i> and
traffic.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is to drive to wholesale trade, when all other
petty merchants <i>deal</i> but for parcels.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To act as an intermediary in business or
any affairs; to manage; to make arrangements; -- followed by
<i>between</i> or <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes he that <i>deals</i> between man and man,
raiseth his own credit with both, by pretending greater interest than
he hath in either.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To conduct one's self; to behave or act in
any affair or towards any one; to treat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he will <i>deal</i> clearly and impartially, . . .
he will acknowledge all this to be true.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To contend (with); to treat (with), by way
of opposition, check, or correction; as, he has turbulent passions to
<i>deal</i> with.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To deal by</b></col>, <cd>to treat, either well or ill;
as, to <i>deal</i> well <i>by</i> servants.</cd> "Such an one
<i>deals</i> not fairly <i>by</i> his own mind." <i>Locke.</i> --
<col><b>To deal in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To have to do
with; to be engaged in; to practice; as, they <i>deal in</i>
political matters.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To buy and sell; to
furnish, as a retailer or wholesaler; as, they <i>deal in</i>
fish.</cd> -- <col><b>To deal with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To treat in any manner; to use, whether well or ill; to have to
do with; specifically, to trade with.</cd> "<i>Dealing with</i>
witches." <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To reprove solemnly;
to expostulate with.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The deacons of his church, who, to use their own
phrase, "<i>dealt with</i> him" on the sin of rejecting the aid which
Providence so manifestly held out.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Return . . . and I will <i>deal</i> well <i>with</i>
thee.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxii. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*al"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dealbatus</i>, p. p. of <i>dealbare</i>. See <u>Daub</u>.] <def>To
whiten.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`al*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dealbatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;albation</i>.] <def>Act of
bleaching; a whitening.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Deal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who deals; one who has to do, or has concern, with others;
esp., a trader, a trafficker, a shopkeeper, a broker, or a merchant;
as, a <i>dealer</i> in dry goods; a <i>dealer</i> in stocks; a retail
<i>dealer</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who distributes cards to the
players.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deal"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>deal</i> a
long, narrow plank.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A long, thin fish of
the arctic seas (<i>Trachypterus arcticus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Deal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
deals; distribution of anything, as of cards to the players; method
of business; traffic; intercourse; transaction; as, to have
<i>dealings</i> with a person.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Double dealing</b></col>, <cd>insincere, treacherous
dealing; duplicity.</cd> -- <col><b>Plain dealing</b></col>,
<cd>fair, sincere, honorable dealing; honest, outspoken expression of
opinion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dealth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Share dealt.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*am"bu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deambulare</i>, <i>deambulatum</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>ambulare</i>
to walk.] <def>To walk abroad.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*am`bu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deambulatio</i>.] <def>A walking abroad; a promenading.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*am"bu*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>deambulator</i> a traveler.] <def>Going about from place to place;
wandering; of or pertaining to a deambulatory.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Deambulatory</i> actors."  <i>Bp. Morton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*am"bu*la*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deambulatorium</i>.] <def>A covered place in which to walk; an
ambulatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dene</i>,
<i>deene</i>, OF. <i>deien</i>, <i>dien</i>, F. <i>doyen</i>, eldest
of a corporation, a dean, L. <i>decanus</i> the chief of ten, one set
over ten persons, <i>e. g.</i>, over soldiers or over monks, from
<i>decem</i> ten. See <u>Ten</u>, and cf. <u>Decemvir</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dignitary or presiding officer in certain
ecclesiastical and lay bodies; esp., an ecclesiastical dignitary,
subordinate to a bishop.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dean of cathedral church</b></col>, <cd>the chief officer
of a chapter; he is an ecclesiastical magistrate next in degree to
bishop, and has immediate charge of the cathedral and its
estates.</cd> -- <col><b>Dean of peculiars</b></col>, <cd>a dean
holding a preferment which has some peculiarity relative to spiritual
superiors and the jurisdiction exercised in it.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Rural dean</b></col>, <cd>one having, under the bishop, the
especial care and inspection of the clergy within certain parishes or
districts of the diocese.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The collegiate officer in the universities
of Oxford and Cambridge, England, who, besides other duties, has
regard to the moral condition of the college.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The head or presiding officer in the
faculty of some colleges or universities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A registrar or secretary of the faculty in
a department of a college, as in a medical, or theological, or
scientific department.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The chief or senior of a company on
occasion of ceremony; as, the <i>dean</i> of the diplomatic corps; --
so called by courtesy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cardinal dean</b></col>, <cd>the senior cardinal bishop of
the college of cardinals at Rome.</cd> <i>Shipley.</i> --
<col><b>Dean and chapter</b></col>, <cd>the legal corporation and
governing body of a cathedral. It consists of the dean, who is chief,
and his canons or prebendaries.</cd> -- <col><b>Dean of
arches</b></col>, <cd>the lay judge of the court of arches.</cd> --
<col><b>Dean of faculty</b></col>, <cd>the president of an
incorporation or barristers; specifically, the president of the
incorporation of advocates in Edinburgh.</cd> -- <col><b>Dean of
guild</b></col>, <cd>a magistrate of Scotch burghs, formerly, and
still, in some burghs, chosen by the Guildry, whose duty is to
superintend the erection of new buildings and see that they conform
to the law.</cd> -- <col><b>Dean of a monastery</b></col>,
<col><b>Monastic dean</b></col>, <cd>a monastic superior over ten
monks.</cd> -- <col><b>Dean's stall</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Decanal
stall</i>, under <u>Decanal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dean"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Deaneries</b></plw> (&?;).  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
office or the revenue of a dean. See the Note under <u>Benefice</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The residence of a dean.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The territorial jurisdiction of a
dean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each archdeaconry is divided into rural
<i>deaneries</i>, and each <i>deanery</i> is divided into
parishes.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dean"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
dean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I dont't value your <i>deanship</i> a
straw.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dear</hw> (d&emacr;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Dearer</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Dearest</u> (-&ebreve;st).] [OE.
<i>dere</i>, <i>deore</i>, AS. <i>de&oacute;re</i>; akin to OS.
<i>diuri</i>, D. <i>duur</i>, OHG. <i>tiuri</i>, G. <i>theuer</i>,
<i>teuer</i>, Icel. <i>d&ymacr;rr</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>dyr</i>.  Cf.
<u>Darling</u>, <u>Dearth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bearing a
high price; high-priced; costly; expensive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cheapest of us is ten groats too
<i>dear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Marked by scarcity or dearth, and
exorbitance of price; as, a <i>dear</i> year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Highly valued; greatly beloved; cherished;
precious.</def> "Hear me, <i>dear</i> lady."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither count I my life <i>dear</i> unto
myself.</blockquote> <i>Acts xx. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the last joy was <i>dearer</i> than the
rest.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dear</i> as remember'd kisses after
death.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, close to the heart; heartfelt;
present in mind; engaging the attention.</def> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Of agreeable things and interests.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I'll] leave you to attend him: some <i>dear</i>
cause<BR>
Will in concealment wrap me up awhile.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>dearest</i> wish was to escape from the bustle
and glitter of Whitehall.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of disagreeable things and
antipathies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In our <i>dear</i> peril.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Would I had met my <i>dearest</i> foe in heaven<BR>
Or ever I had seen that day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dear one; lover;
sweetheart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That kiss I carried from thee,
<i>dear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dear</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Dearly; at a high
price.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou attempt it, it will cost thee
<i>dear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To endear.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dear"born</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A four-wheeled
carriage, with curtained sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dear"-bought`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bought at a
high price; as, <i>dear-bought</i> experience.</def></p>

<p><! p. 373 !></p>

<p><hw>Deare</hw> (?), <def>variant of <u>Dere</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &
n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dear"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Deary</u>.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dear"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A darling.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dear"-loved`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Greatly
beloved.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dear"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a dear manner; with affection; heartily; earnestly; as, to
love one <i>dearly</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At a high rate or price;
grievously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He buys his mistress <i>dearly</i> with his
throne.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exquisitely.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dearn</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>derne</i>,
<i>dyrne</i>, <i>dierne</i>, hidden, secret.  Cf. <u>Derne</u>.]
<def>Secret; lonely; solitary; dreadful.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> --
<wf>Dearn"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dearn</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Darn</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dear"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being dear; costliness; excess of
price.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dearness</i> of corn.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fondness; preciousness; love;
tenderness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dearness</i> of friendship.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dearth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>derthe</i>, fr.
<i>dere</i>. See <u>Dear</u>.] <def>Scarcity which renders dear;
want; lack; specifically, lack of food on account of failure of
crops; famine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There came a <i>dearth</i> over all the land of
Egypt.</blockquote> <i>Acts vii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He with her press'd, she faint with
<i>dearth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dearth</i> of plot, and narrowness of
imagination.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`ar*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disjoint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dear"worth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Derworth</u>.] <def>Precious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dear"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dear; a
darling.</def> [Familiar]</p>

<p><hw>De"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dais</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Death</hw> (d&ebreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>deth</i>, <i>dea&eth;</i>, AS. <i>de&aacute;&eth;</i>; akin to OS.
<i>d&omacr;&eth;</i>, D. <i>dood</i>, G. <i>tod</i>, Icel.
<i>dau&eth;i</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>d&ouml;d</i>, Goth.
<i>dau&thorn;us</i>; from a verb meaning <i>to die</i>. See
<u>Die</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Dead</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The cessation of all vital phenomena without
capability of resuscitation, either in animals or plants.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Local death</i> is going on at all times and in all
parts of the living body, in which individual cells and elements are
being cast off and replaced by new; a process essential to life.
<i>General death</i> is of two kinds; death of the body as a whole
(<i>somatic</i> or <i>systemic</i> death), and death of the tissues.
By the former is implied the absolute cessation of the functions of
the brain, the circulatory and the respiratory organs; by the latter
the entire disappearance of the vital actions of the ultimate
structural constituents of the body. When death takes place, the body
as a whole dies first, the death of the tissues sometimes not
occurring until after a considerable interval.  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Total privation or loss; extinction;
cessation; as, the <i>death</i> of memory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>death</i> of a language can not be exactly
compared with the death of a plant.</blockquote> <i>J. Peile.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Manner of dying; act or state of passing
from life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>death</i> that I abhor.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me die the <i>death</i> of the
righteous.</blockquote> <i>Num. xxiii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Cause of loss of life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Swiftly flies the feathered <i>death</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He caught his <i>death</i> the last county
sessions.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Personified: The destroyer of life, --
conventionally represented as a skeleton with a scythe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Death</i>! great proprietor of all.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And I looked, and behold a pale horse; and his name
that sat on him was <i>Death</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rev. vi. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Danger of death.</def> "In <i>deaths</i>
oft."  <i>2 Cor. xi. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Murder; murderous character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not to suffer a man of <i>death</i> to
live.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Loss of spiritual
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be carnally minded is <i>death</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. viii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Anything so dreadful as to be like
death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was <i>death</i> to them to think of entertaining
such doctrines.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And urged him, so that his soul was vexed unto
<i>death</i>.</blockquote> <i>Judg. xvi. 16.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Death</i> is much used adjectively and as the first part
of a compound, meaning, in general, <i>of</i> or <i>pertaining to
death</i>, <i>causing</i> or <i>presaging death</i>; as,
<i>death</i>bed or <i>death</i> bed; <i>death</i>blow or <i>death</i>
blow, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Black death</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Black death</u>, in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil death</b></col>, <cd>the separation
of a man from civil society, or the debarring him from the enjoyment
of civil rights, as by banishment, attainder, abjuration of the
realm, entering a monastery, etc.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> --
<col><b>Death adder</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of viper found in South Africa
(<i>Acanthophis tortor</i>); -- so called from the virulence of its
venom.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A venomous Australian snake of
the family <i>Elapid&aelig;</i>, of several species, as the
<i>Hoplocephalus superbus</i> and <i>Acanthopis antarctica</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Death bell</b></col>, <cd>a bell that announces a
death.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>death bell</i> thrice was heard to
ring.</blockquote> <i>Mickle.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Death candle</b></col>, <cd>a light like that of a
candle, viewed by the superstitious as presaging death.</cd> --
<col><b>Death damp</b></col>, <cd>a cold sweat at the coming on of
death.</cd> -- <col><b>Death fire</b></col>, <cd>a kind of ignis
fatuus supposed to forebode death.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And round about in reel and rout,<BR>
The <i>death fires</i> danced at night.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Death grapple</b></col>, <cd>a grapple or struggle for
life.</cd> -- <col><b>Death in life</b></col>, <cd>a condition but
little removed from death; a living death.</cd> [Poetic] "Lay
lingering out a five years' <i>death in life</i>." <i>Tennyson.</i> -
- <col><b>Death knell</b></col>, <cd>a stroke or tolling of a bell,
announcing a death.</cd> -- <col><b>Death rate</b></col>, <cd>the
relation or ratio of the number of deaths to the population.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>At all ages the <i>death rate</i> is higher in towns
than in rural districts.</blockquote> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Death rattle</b></col>, <cd>a rattling or gurgling in
the throat of a dying person.</cd> -- <col><b>Death's door</b></col>,
<cd>the boundary of life; the partition dividing life from
death.</cd> -- <col><b>Death stroke</b></col>, <cd>a stroke causing
death.</cd> -- <col><b>Death throe</b></col>, <cd>the spasm of
death.</cd> -- <col><b>Death token</b></col>, <cd>the signal of
approaching death.</cd> -- <col><b>Death warrant</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>An order from the proper
authority for the execution of a criminal.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>That which puts an end to expectation, hope, or joy.</cd> --
<col><b>Death wound</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A fatal wound
or injury.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>The springing
of a fatal leak.</cd> -- <col><b>Spiritual death</b></col>
<i>(Scripture)</i>, <cd>the corruption and perversion of the soul by
sin, with the loss of the favor of God.</cd> -- <col><b>The gates of
death</b></col>, <cd>the grave.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Have <i>the gates of death</i> been opened unto
thee?</blockquote> <i>Job xxxviii. 17.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>The second death</b></col>, <cd>condemnation to eternal
separation from God.</cd> <i>Rev. ii. 11.</i> -- <col><b>To be the
death of</b></col>, <cd>to be the cause of death to; to make
die.</cd> "It was one who should <i>be the death of</i> both his
parents." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Death</u>, <u>Decease</u>, <u>Demise</u>,
<u>Departure</u>, <u>Release</u>.  <i>Death</i> applies to the
termination of every form of existence, both animal and vegetable;
the other words only to the human race. <i>Decease</i> is the term
used in law for the removal of a human being out of life in the
ordinary course of nature. <i>Demise</i> was formerly confined to
decease of princes, but is now sometimes used of distinguished men in
general; as, the <i>demise</i> of Mr. Pitt.  <i>Departure</i> and
<i>release</i> are peculiarly terms of Christian affection and hope.
A violent <i>death</i> is not usually called a <i>decease</i>.
<i>Departure</i> implies a friendly taking leave of life.
<i>Release</i> implies a deliverance from a life of suffering or
sorrow.</p>

<p><hw>Death"bed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bed in which
a person dies; hence, the closing hours of life of one who dies by
sickness or the like; the last sickness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That often-quoted passage from Lord Hervey in which
the Queen's <i>deathbed</i> is described.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Death"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Tengmalm's or Richardson's owl (<i>Nyctale Tengmalmi</i>); -- so
called from a superstition of the North American Indians that its
note presages death.</def></p>

<p><hw>Death"blow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mortal or
crushing blow; a stroke or event which kills or destroys.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>deathblow</i> of my hope.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Death"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of death or slaughter; murderous; destructive;
bloody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These eyes behold<BR>
The <i>deathful</i> scene.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liable to undergo death; mortal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The deathless gods and <i>deathful</i>
earth.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Death"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Appearance of
death.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Death"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not subject to
death, destruction, or extinction; immortal; undying; imperishable;
as, <i>deathless</i> beings; <i>deathless</i> fame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Death"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>deathlike</i> slumber, and a dead
repose.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deadly.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Deathlike</i>
dragons."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Death"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being deathly; deadliness.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Death"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deadly; fatal;
mortal; destructive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Death"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Deadly; as,
<i>deathly</i> pale or sick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Death's"-head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A naked
human skull as the emblem of death; the head of the conventional
personification of death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had rather be married to a <i>death's-head</i> with
a bone in his mouth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Death's-head moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
very large European moth (<i>Acherontia atropos</i>), so called from
a figure resembling a human skull on the back of the thorax; --
called also <i>death's-head sphinx</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Death's"-herb`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The deadly
nightshade (<i>Atropa belladonna</i>).</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deaths"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An executioner;
a headsman or hangman.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Death"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward
death.</def></p>

<p><hw>Death"watch`</hw> (?; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
small beetle (<i>Anobium tessellatum</i> and other allied species).
By forcibly striking its head against woodwork it makes a ticking
sound, which is a call of the sexes to each other, but has been
imagined by superstitious people to presage death.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small wingless insect, of the family
<i>Psocid&aelig;</i>, which makes a similar but fainter sound; --
called also <i>deathtick</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is always seeing apparitions and hearing
<i>deathwatches</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I did not hear the dog howl, mother, or the
<i>deathwatch</i> beat.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The guard set over a criminal before his
execution.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*au"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deauratus</i>, p. p. of <i>deaurare</i> to gild; <i>de-</i> +
<i>aurum</i> gold.] <def>Gilded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*au"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
gild.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`au*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
gilding.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Deave</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Deafen</u>.]
<def>To stun or stupefy with noise; to deafen.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>De*bac"chate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>debacchatus</i>, p. p. of <i>debacchari</i> to rage; <i>de-</i> +
<i>bacchari</i> to rage like a bacchant.] <def>To rave as a
bacchanal.</def> [R.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`bac*cha"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>debacchatio</i>.] <def>Wild raving or debauchery.</def> [R.]
<i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ba"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;b&acirc;cle</i>, fr. <i>d&eacute;b&acirc;cler</i> to
unbar, break loose; pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i> (prob. = L. <i>dis</i>) +
<i>b&acirc;cler</i> to bolt, fr. L. <i>baculum</i> a stick.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A breaking or bursting forth; a violent rush or
flood of waters which breaks down opposing barriers, and hurls
forward and disperses blocks of stone and other
d&eacute;bris.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*bar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Debarred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Debarring</u>.] [Pref. <i>de-</i> + <i>bar</i>.] <def>To cut off
from entrance, as if by a bar or barrier; to preclude; to hinder from
approach, entry, or enjoyment; to shut out or exclude; to deny or
refuse; -- with <i>from</i>, and sometimes with <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet not so strictly hath our Lord imposed<BR>
Labor, as to <i>debar</i> us when we need<BR>
Refreshment.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their wages were so low as to <i>debar</i> them, not
only from the comforts but from the common decencies of civilized
life.</blockquote> <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*barb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-</i> +
L. <i>barba</i> beard.] <def>To deprive of the beard.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"bark"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Debarked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Debarking</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;barquer</i>; pref.
<i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>barque</i>. See <u>Bark</u>
the vessel, and cf. <u>Disbark</u>.] <def>To go ashore from a ship or
boat; to disembark; to put ashore.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`bar*ka"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disembarkation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>debarkation</i>, therefore, had to take place
by small steamers.</blockquote> <i>U. S. Grant.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bar"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hindrance from
approach; exclusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*bar"rass</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;barrasser</i>. See <u>Embarrass</u>.] <def>To
disembarrass; to relieve.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*base"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Debased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Debasing</u>.] [Pref. <i>de-</i> + <i>base</i>. See <u>Base</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Abase</u>.] <def>To reduce from a
higher to a lower state or grade of worth, dignity, purity, station,
etc.; to degrade; to lower; to deteriorate; to abase; as, to
<i>debase</i> the character by crime; to <i>debase</i> the mind by
frivolity; to <i>debase</i> style by vulgar words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The coin which was adulterated and
<i>debased</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a kind of taking God's name in vain to
<i>debase</i> religion with such frivolous disputes.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And to <i>debase</i> the sons, exalts the
sires.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abase; degrade. See <u>Abase</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*based"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Turned upside down from its proper position; inverted;
reversed.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*base"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
debasing or the state of being debased.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bas"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, debases.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*bas"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner to
debase.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*bat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>debatable</i>. See <u>Debate</u>.] <def>Liable to be debated;
disputable; subject to controversy or contention; open to question or
dispute; as, a <i>debatable</i> question.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Debatable Land</b></col> or <col><b>Ground</b></col>,
<cd>a tract of land between the Esk and the Sark, claimed by both
England and Scotland; the Batable Ground.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*bate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Debated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Debating</u>.] [OF. <i>debatre</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;battre</i>; L.
<i>de</i> + <i>batuere</i> to beat. See <u>Batter</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Abate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
engage in combat for; to strive for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Volunteers . . . thronged to serve under his banner,
and the cause of religion was <i>debated</i> with the same ardor in
Spain as on the plains of Palestine.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contend for in words or arguments; to
strive to maintain by reasoning; to dispute; to contest; to discuss;
to argue for and against.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wise council . . . that did <i>debate</i> this
business.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Debate</i> thy cause with thy neighbor
himself.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxv. 9.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To argue; discuss; dispute; controvert. See
<u>Argue</u>, and <u>Discuss</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*bate"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To engage in strife or combat; to fight.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Well could he tourney and in lists
<i>debate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contend in words; to dispute; hence, to
deliberate; to consider; to discuss or examine different arguments in
the mind; -- often followed by <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He presents that great soul <i>debating</i> upon the
subject of life and death with his intimate friends.</blockquote>
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bate"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;bat</i>,
fr. <i>d&eacute;battre</i>. See <u>Debate</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fight or fighting; contest;
strife.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>On the day of the Trinity next ensuing was a great
<i>debate</i> . . . and in that murder there were slain . . .
fourscore.</blockquote> <i>R. of Gloucester.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But question fierce and proud reply<BR>
Gave signal soon of dire <i>debate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contention in words or arguments;
discussion for the purpose of elucidating truth or influencing
action; strife in argument; controversy; as, the <i>debates</i> in
Parliament or in Congress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heard, noted, answer'd, as in full
<i>debate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Subject of discussion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Statutes and edicts concerning this
<i>debate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bate"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
contention; contentious; quarrelsome.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bate"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
contention.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*bate"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>debatement</i> a beating.] <def>Controversy; deliberation;
debate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A serious question and <i>debatement</i> with
myself.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who debates;
one given to argument; a disputant; a controvertist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Debate where leisure serves with dull
<i>debaters</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bat"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
discussing or arguing; discussion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Debating society</b></col> or <col><b>club</b></col>,
<cd>a society or club for the purpose of debate and improvement in
extemporaneous speaking.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*bat"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of a debate.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*bauch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Debauched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Debauching</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;baucher</i>, prob.
originally, to entice away from the workshop; pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i>
(L. <i>dis-</i> or <i>de</i>) + OF. <i>bauche</i>, <i>bauge</i>, hut,
cf. F. <i>bauge</i> lair of a wild boar; prob. from G. or Icel., cf.
Icel. <i>b&amacr;lkr</i>. See <u>Balk</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>To lead away from purity or excellence; to corrupt in character
or principles; to mar; to vitiate; to pollute; to seduce; as, to
<i>debauch</i> one's self by intemperance; to <i>debauch</i> a woman;
to <i>debauch</i> an army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Learning not <i>debauched</i> by
ambition.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man must have got his conscience thoroughly
<i>debauched</i> and hardened before he can arrive to the height of
sin.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her pride <i>debauched</i> her judgment and her
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bauch"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;bauche</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Excess in eating or
drinking; intemperance; drunkenness; lewdness; debauchery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first physicians by <i>debauch</i> were
made.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act or occasion of
debauchery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Silenus, from his night's <i>debauch</i>,<BR>
Fatigued and sick.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bauched"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dissolute;
dissipated.</def> "A coarse and <i>debauched</i> look."  <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bauch"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
profligate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*bauch"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being debauched; intemperance.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deb`au*chee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;bauch&eacute;</i>, <i>n.</i>, properly p. p. of
<i>d&eacute;baucher</i>. See <u>Debauch</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>One who is given to intemperance or bacchanalian excesses; a man
habitually lewd; a libertine.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*bauch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
debauches or corrupts others; especially, a seducer to
lewdness.</def></p>

<p><! p. 374 !></p>

<p><hw>De*bauch"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Debaucheries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Corruption of fidelity; seduction from virtue, duty, or
allegiance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The republic of Paris will endeavor to complete the
<i>debauchery</i> of the army.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessive indulgence of the appetites;
especially, excessive indulgence of lust; intemperance; sensuality;
habitual lewdness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oppose . . . <i>debauchery</i> by
temperance.</blockquote> <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bauch"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
corrupting; the act of seducing from virtue or duty.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*bauch"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Debauchedness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*beige"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>de</i> of +
<i>beige</i> the natural color of wool.] <def>A kind of woolen or
mixed dress goods.</def> [Written also <i>debage</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>De*bel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;beller</i>. See <u>Debellate</u>.] <def>To conquer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bel"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>debellatus</i>, p. p. of <i>debellare</i> to subdue; <i>de-</i> +
<i>bellum</i> war.] <def>To subdue; to conquer in war.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deb`el*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>debellatio</i>.] <def>The act of conquering or subduing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||De be"ne es"se</hw> (?). [L.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Of well
being; of formal sufficiency for the time; conditionally;
provisionally.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ben"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>debentur</i> they are due, fr. <i>debere</i> to owe; cf. F.
<i>debentur</i>. So called because these receipts began with the
words <i>Debentur mihi</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A writing
acknowledging a debt; a writing or certificate signed by a public
officer, as evidence of a debt due to some person; the sum thus
due.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A customhouse certificate entitling an
exporter of imported goods to a drawback of duties paid on their
importation.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p>It is applied in England to deeds of mortgage given by railway
companies for borrowed money; also to municipal and other bonds and
securities for money loaned.</p>

<p><hw>De*ben"tured</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Entitled
to drawback or debenture; as, <i>debentured</i> goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deb"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>debilis</i>: cf.
F. <i>d&eacute;bile</i>. See <u>Debility</u>.] <def>Weak.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bil"i*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>debilitants</i>, p. pr.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Diminishing the energy
of organs; reducing excitement; as, a <i>debilitant</i>
drug.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*bil"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Debilitated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Debilitating</u>.] [L. <i>debilitatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>debilitare</i> to debilitate, fr. <i>debilis</i>. See
<u>Debility</u>.] <def>To impair the strength of; to weaken; to
enfeeble; as, to <i>debilitate</i> the body by
intemperance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Various ails <i>debilitate</i> the mind.</blockquote>
<i>Jenyns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>debilitated</i> frame of Mr. Bertram was
exhausted by this last effort.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bil`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>debilitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;bilitation</i>.] <def>The act
or process of debilitating, or the condition of one who is
debilitated; weakness.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>debilitas</i>, fr. <i>debilis</i> weak, prob. fr. <i>de-</i> +
<i>habilis</i> able: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;bilit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Able</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The state of being weak;
weakness; feebleness; languor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inconveniences of too strong a perspiration, which
are <i>debility</i>, faintness, and sometimes sudden
death.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Debility</u>, <u>Infirmity</u>,
<u>Imbecility</u>.  An <i>infirmity</i> belongs, for the most part,
to particular members, and is often temporary, as of the eyes, etc.
<i>Debility</i> is more general, and while it lasts impairs the
ordinary functions of nature. <i>Imbecility</i> attaches to the whole
frame, and renders it more or less powerless. <i>Debility</i> may be
constitutional or may be the result or superinduced causes;
<i>Imbecility</i> is always constitutional; <i>infirmity</i> is
accidental, and results from sickness or a decay of the frame. These
words, in their figurative uses, have the same distinctions; we speak
of <i>infirmity</i> of will, <i>debility</i> of body, and an
<i>Imbecility</i> which affects the whole man; but <i>Imbecility</i>
is often used with specific reference to feebleness of mind.</p>

<p><hw>Deb"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>debitum</i> what
is due, debt, from <i>debere</i> to owe: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;bit</i>.
See <u>Debt</u>.] <def>A debt; an entry on the debtor (Dr.) side of
an account; -- mostly used adjectively; as, the <i>debit</i> side of
an account.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deb"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Debited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Debiting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To charge with debt; -- the
opposite of, and correlative to, <i>credit</i>; as, to <i>debit</i> a
purchaser for the goods sold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i> <def>To enter on the
debtor (Dr.) side of an account; as, to <i>debit</i> the amount of
goods sold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deb"it*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Debtor</u>.] <def>A debtor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`bi*tu`mi*ni*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of depriving of bitumen.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`bi*tu"mi*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of bitumen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`blai"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The cavity from which the earth for parapets,
etc. (remblai), is taken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deb`o*nair"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>debonere</i>, OF. <i>de bon aire</i>, <i>debonaire</i>, of good
descent or lineage, excellent, debonair, F. <i>d&eacute;bonnaire</i>
debonair; <i>de</i> of (L. <i>de</i>) + <i>bon</i> good (L.
<i>bonus</i>) + <i>aire</i>. See <u>Air</u>, and <u>Bounty</u>, and
cf. <u>Bonair</u>.] <def>Characterized by courteousness, affability,
or gentleness; of good appearance and manners; graceful;
complaisant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Was never prince so meek and
<i>debonair</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deb`o*nair"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>debonairet&eacute;</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;bonnairet&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Debonairness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deb`o*nair"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Courteously;
elegantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deb`o*nair"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being debonair; good humor; gentleness; courtesy.</def>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bosh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Old form of
<i>debauch</i>.] <def>To debauch.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>deboshed</i>
lady."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bosh"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Debauchment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*bouch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Debouched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Debouching</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;boucher</i>; pref. <i>d&eacute;-
</i> (L. <i>dis-</i> or <i>de</i>) + <i>boucher</i> to stop up, fr.
<i>bouche</i> mouth, fr. L. <i>bucca</i> the cheek.  Cf.
<u>Disembogue</u>.] <def>To march out from a wood, defile, or other
confined spot, into open ground; to issue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Battalions <i>debouching</i> on the
plain.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`bou`ch&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>A place for exit; an outlet; hence, a market for
goods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>d&eacute;bouch&eacute;s</i> were ordered
widened to afford easy egress.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`bou`chure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>The outward opening of a river, of a valley, or of a
strait.</def></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`bris"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>dis</i>) + <i>briser</i> to break,
shatter; perh. of Celtic origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Broken and detached fragments, taken collectively; especially,
fragments detached from a rock or mountain, and piled up at the
base.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rubbish, especially such as results from
the destruction of anything; remains; ruins.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*bruised"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>debruisier</i> to shatter, break.  Cf. <u>Bruise</u>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Surmounted by an ordinary; as, a lion is
<i>debruised</i> when a bend or other ordinary is placed over it, as
in the cut.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lion of England and the lilies of France without
the baton sinister, under which, according to the laws of heraldry,
they where <i>debruised</i> in token of his illegitimate
birth.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Debt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dette</i>, F.
<i>dette</i>, LL. <i>debita</i>, fr. L. <i>debitus</i> owed, p. p. of
<i>debere</i> to owe, prop., to have on loan; <i>de-</i> +
<i>habere</i> to have. See <u>Habit</u>, and cf. <u>Debit</u>,
<u>Due</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is due from one
person to another, whether money, goods, or services; that which one
person is bound to pay to another, or to perform for his benefit;
thing owed; obligation; liability.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your son, my lord, has paid a soldier's
<i>debt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When you run in <i>debt</i>, you give to another power
over your liberty.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A duty neglected or violated; a fault; a
sin; a trespass.</def> "Forgive us our <i>debts</i>."  <i>Matt. vi.
12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An action at law to recover a
certain specified sum of money alleged to be due.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bond debt</b></col>, <col><b>Book debt</b></col>, <cd>etc.
See under <u>Bond</u>, <u>Book</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Debt of
nature</b></col>, <cd>death.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Debt"ed</hw>, <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Indebted; obliged
to.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I stand <i>debted</i> to this gentleman.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Debt*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One
to whom a debt is due; creditor; -- correlative to
<i>debtor</i>.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Debt"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
debt.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Debt"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dettur</i>,
<i>dettour</i>, OF. <i>detor</i>, <i>detur</i>, <i>detour</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;biteur</i>, fr. L. <i>debitor</i>, fr. <i>debere</i> to
owe. See <u>Debt</u>.] <def>One who owes a debt; one who is indebted;
-- correlative to <i>creditor</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I 'll] bring your latter hazard back again,<BR>
And thankfully rest <i>debtor</i> for the first.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In Athens an insolvent <i>debtor</i> became slave to
his creditor.</blockquote> <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Debtors</i> for our lives to you.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*bul"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>d&eacute;-</i> + L. <i>bullire</i> to boil.] <def>To boil
over.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Deb`ul*li"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Debulliate</u>.] <def>A bubbling or boiling over.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*burse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp;  i.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>de</i> + L. <i>bursa</i> purse.] <def>To disburse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ludlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"bu*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the inventor,
<i>Debus</i>, a French optician + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>A modification of the kaleidoscope; -- used to reflect images so
as to form beautiful designs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`but"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;but</i>, prop., the first cast or throw at play, fr.
<i>but</i> aim, mark. See <u>Butt</u> an end.] <def>A beginning or
first attempt; hence, a first appearance before the public, as of an
actor or public speaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`bu`tant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; fem.
<hw>D&eacute;`bu`tante"</hw> (&?;). [F., p. pr. of
<i>d&eacute;buter</i> to have the first throw, to make one's
<i>d&eacute;but</i>. See <u>D&eacute;but</u>.] <def>A person who
makes his (or her) first appearance before the public.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"a-</hw> (?). [Cf. <u>Ten</u>.] <def>A prefix, from Gr.
<grk>de`ka</grk>, signifying <i>ten</i>; specifically <i>(Metric
System)</i>, a prefix signifying the weight or measure that is ten
times the principal unit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*cac`e*ra"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>de`ka</grk> ten + <grk>ke`ras</grk> a horn.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The division of Cephalopoda which includes
the squids, cuttlefishes, and others having ten arms or tentacles; --
called also <i>Decapoda</i>. [Written also <i>Decacera</i>.] See
<u>Dibranchiata</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dec"a*chord</hw> (?), <hw>Dec`a*chor"don</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>deka`chordos</grk> tenstringed;
<grk>de`ka</grk> ten + <grk>chordj`</grk> a string.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ancient Greek musical instrument of ten
strings, resembling the harp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something consisting of ten parts.</def>
<i>W. Watson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dec`a*cu"mi*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decacuminare</i> to cut off the top. See <u>Cacuminate</u>.]
<def>Having the point or top cut off.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dec"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A decade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Averill was a <i>decad</i> and a half his
elder.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dec"a*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
ten; consisting of tens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"ade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;cade</i>, L. <i>decas</i>, <i>-adis</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
<grk>de`ka</grk> ten. See <u>Ten</u>.] <def>A group or division of
ten; esp., a period of ten years; a decennium; as, a <i>decade</i> of
years or days; a <i>decade</i> of soldiers; the second <i>decade</i>
of Livy.</def> [Written also <i>decad</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>During this notable <i>decade</i> of
years.</blockquote> <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*ca"dence</hw> (?), <hw>De*ca"den*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>decadentia</i>; L. <i>de-</i> +
<i>cadere</i> to fall: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;cadence</i>. See
<u>Decay</u>.] <def>A falling away; decay; deterioration; declension.
"The old castle, where the family lived in their
<i>decadence</i>."</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ca"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Decaying;
deteriorating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"a*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of a
book divided into decades; as, Livy was a <i>decadist</i>.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dec"a*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>deca-</i> +
Gr. &?; a corner or angle: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;cagone</i>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane figure having ten sides and ten angles;
any figure having ten angles. A <i>regular decagon</i> is one that
has all its sides and angles equal.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cag"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
a decagon; having ten sides.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dec"a*gram</hw>, <hw>Dec"a*gramme</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;cagramme</i>; Gr.
<grk>de`ka</grk> ten + F. <i>gramme</i>. See <u>Gram</u>.] <def>A
weight of the metric system; ten grams, equal to about 154.32 grains
avoirdupois.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dec`a*gyn"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>de`ka</grk> ten + &?; a woman, a female.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A Linn&aelig;an order of plants characterized by having ten
styles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dec`a*gyn"i*an</hw> (?), <hw>Dec*cag"y*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>d&eacute;cagyne</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Belonging to the Decagynia; having ten styles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec`a*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having ten
sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec`a*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Decahedrons</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Decahedra</b></plw>
(#). [Pref. <i>deca-</i> + Gr. <grk>'e`dra</grk> a seat, a base, fr.
<grk>'e`zesthai</grk> to sit: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;ca&egrave;dre</i>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid figure or body inclosed by ten plane
surfaces.</def> [Written also, less correctly, <i>decaedron</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>De*cal`ci*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
removal of calcareous matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cal"ci*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Decalcified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Decalcifying</u>.] <def>To deprive of calcareous
matter; thus, to <i>decalcify</i> bones is to remove the stony part,
and leave only the gelatin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*cal`co*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <hw>De*cal`co*ma"nie</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;calcomanie</i>.] <def>The art or
process of transferring pictures and designs to china, glass, marble,
etc., and permanently fixing them thereto.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dec"a*li`ter</hw>, <hw>Dec"a*li`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;calitre</i>; Gr.
<grk>de`ka</grk> ten + F. <i>litre</i>. See <u>Liter</u>.] <def>A
measure of capacity in the metric system; a cubic volume of ten
liters, equal to about 610.24 cubic inches, that is, 2.642 wine
gallons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"a*log</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Decalogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cal"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
explains the decalogue.</def>  <i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dec"a*logue</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;calogue</i>, L. <i>decalogus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>de`ka</grk> ten + &?; speech, &?; to speak, to say. See
<u>Ten</u>.] <def>The Ten Commandments or precepts given by God to
Moses on Mount Sinai, and originally written on two tables of
stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cam"e*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>decamerone</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>de`ka</grk> ten + &?; part; though
quite generally supposed to be derived from &?; day: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;cam&eacute;ron</i>.] <def>A celebrated collection of
tales, supposed to be related in ten days; -- written in the 14th
century, by Boccaccio, an Italian.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dec"a*me`ter</hw>, <hw>Dec"a*me`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;cam&egrave;tre</i>; Gr.
<grk>de`ka</grk> ten + <i>m&egrave;tre</i>. See <u>Meter</u>.] <def>A
measure of length in the metric system; ten meters, equal to about
393.7 inches.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*camp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Decamped</u> (?; 215); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Decamping</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;camper</i>; pref.
<i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>dis</i>) + <i>camp</i> camp. See
<u>Camp</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To break up a camp; to move
away from a camping ground, usually by night or secretly.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to depart suddenly; to run away; --
generally used disparagingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fathers were ordered to <i>decamp</i>, and the
house was once again converted into a tavern.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*camp"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;campement</i>.] <def>Departure from a camp; a marching
off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"a*nal</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;canal</i>. See <u>Dean</u>.] <def>Pertaining to a dean or
deanery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His rectorial as well as <i>decanal</i>
residence.</blockquote> <i>Churton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Decanal side</b></col>, <cd>the side of the choir on which
the dean's tall is placed.</cd> -- <col><b>Decanal stall</b></col>,
<cd>the stall allotted to the dean in the choir, on the right or
south side of the chancel.</cd>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||De*can"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>de`ka</grk> ten + &?;, &?;, a man.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Linn&aelig;an class of plants characterized by having ten
stamens.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*can"dri*an</hw> (?), <hw>De*can"drous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>d&eacute;candre</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Belonging to the Decandria; having ten stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Deca-</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>22</sub>, of the paraffin series, including
several isomeric modifications.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec*an"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>deca-
</i> + <i>angular</i>.] <def>Having ten angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*ca"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., lit., of the
dean.] <def>Used of the side of the choir on which the dean's stall
is placed; decanal; -- correlative to <i>cantoris</i>; as, the
decanal, or <i>decani</i>, side.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Decanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Decanting</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;canter</i> (cf. It.
<i>decantare</i>), prop., to pour off from the edge of a vessel;
pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>de</i>) + OF. <i>cant</i> (It.
<i>canto</i>) edge, border, end. See <u>Cant</u> an edge.] <def>To
pour off gently, as liquor, so as not to disturb the sediment; or to
pour from one vessel into another; as, to <i>decant</i>
wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*can"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
decant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De`can*ta"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;cantation</i>.] <def>The act of pouring off a clear
liquor gently from its lees or sediment, or from one vessel into
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cant"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A vessel used to decant liquors, or for receiving decanted
liquors; a kind of glass bottle used for holding wine or other
liquors, from which drinking glasses are filled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who decants liquors.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*caph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>deca-
</i> + Gr. &?; leaf: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;caphylle</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having ten leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cap"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Decapitated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Decapitating</u>.] [LL. <i>decapitatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>decapitare</i>; L. <i>de-</i> + <i>caput</i> head. See
<u>Chief</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut off the head of; to
behead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove summarily from office.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>De*cap`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>decapitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;capitation</i>.] <def>The act
of beheading; beheading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"a*pod</hw> (d&ebreve;k"&adot;*p&obreve;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>d&eacute;capode</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A crustacean with ten feet or legs, as a
crab; one of the Decapoda. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><! p. 375 !></p>

<p><hw>||De*cap"o*da</hw> (d&esl;*k&abreve;p"&osl;*d&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>de`ka</grk>  ten +
<grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The order of Crustacea which includes the
shrimps, lobsters, crabs, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have a carapace, covering and uniting the somites of
the head and thorax and inclosing a gill chamber on each side, and
usually have five (rarely six) pairs of legs. They are divided into
two principal groups: Brachyura and Macrura. Some writers recognize a
third (Anomura) intermediate between the others.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of the
dibranchiate cephalopods including the cuttlefishes and squids. See
<u>Decacera</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*cap"o*dal</hw> (?), <hw>De*cap"o*dous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the
decapods; having ten feet; ten-footed.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*car"bon*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of carbonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*car`bon*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
action or process of depriving a substance of carbon.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*car"bon*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Decarbonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Decarbonizing</u>.] <def>To deprive of carbon; as, to
<i>decarbonize</i> steel; to <i>decarbonize</i> the blood.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Decarbonized iron</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Malleable
iron</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Decarbonized steel</b></col>,
<cd>homogenous wrought iron made by a steel process, as that of
Bessemer; ingot iron.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*car"bon*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>He who,
or that which, decarbonizes a substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*car`bu*ri*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act, process, or result of decarburizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*car"bu*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of carbon; to remove the carbon from.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*card"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
discard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You have cast those by, <i>decarded</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*car"di*nal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
depose from the rank of cardinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"a*stere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>d&eacute;cast&egrave;re</i>; Gr. <grk>de`ka</grk> ten + F.
<i>st&egrave;re</i> a stere.] <i>(Metric System)</i> <def>A measure
of capacity, equal to ten steres, or ten cubic meters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"a*stich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>deca-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>sti`chos</grk> a row, a line of writing, a verse.] <def>A
poem consisting of ten lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"a*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>de`ka</grk> ten + <grk>sty`los</grk> a column.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Having ten columns in front; -- said of a portico, temple,
etc.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A portico having ten pillars
or columns in front.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec`a*syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>deca-</i> + <i>syllabic</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;casyllabique</i>,
<i>d&eacute;casyllable</i>.] <def>Having, or consisting of, ten
syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec`a*to"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, decane.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Decayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Decaying</u>.] [OF. <i>decaeir</i>, <i>dechaer</i>,
<i>decheoir</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;choir</i>, to decline, fall, become
less; L. <i>de-</i> + <i>cadere</i> to fall. See <u>Chance</u>.]
<def>To pass gradually from a sound, prosperous, or perfect state, to
one of imperfection, adversity, or dissolution; to waste away; to
decline; to fail; to become weak, corrupt, or disintegrated; to rot;
to perish; as, a tree <i>decays</i>; fortunes <i>decay</i>; hopes
<i>decay</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a prey,<BR>
Where wealth accumulates and men <i>decay</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cay"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to decay; to impair.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Infirmity, that <i>decays</i> the wise.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To destroy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cay"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Gradual failure of health, strength, soundness, prosperity, or
of any species of excellence or perfection; tendency toward
dissolution or extinction; corruption; rottenness; decline;
deterioration; as, the <i>decay</i> of the body; the <i>decay</i> of
virtue; the <i>decay</i> of the Roman empire; a castle in
<i>decay</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps my God, though he be far before,<BR>
May turn, and take me by the hand, and more -<BR>
May strengthen my <i>decays</i>.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His [Johnson's] failure was not to be ascribed to
intellectual <i>decay</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which has caused the <i>decay</i> of the consonants to
follow somewhat different laws.</blockquote> <i>James Byrne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destruction; death.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cause of decay.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He that plots to be the only figure among ciphers, is
the <i>decay</i> of the whole age.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Decline; consumption. See <u>Decline</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*cayed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fallen, as to
physical or social condition; affected with decay; rotten; as,
<i>decayed</i> vegetation or vegetables; a <i>decayed</i> fortune or
gentleman.</def> -- <wf>De*cay"ed*ness</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*cay"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A causer of
decay.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*cease"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>deses</i>,
<i>deces</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;c&egrave;s</i>, fr. L. <i>decessus</i>
departure, death, fr. <i>decedere</i> to depart, die; <i>de-</i> +
<i>cedere</i> to withdraw. See <u>Cease</u>, <u>Cede</u>.]
<def>Departure, especially departure from this life; death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>decease</i>, which he should accomplish at
Jerusalem.</blockquote> <i>Luke ix. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And I, the whilst you mourn for his
<i>decease</i>,<BR>
Will with my mourning plaints your plaint increase.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Death; departure; dissolution; demise; release. See
<u>Death</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*cease"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deceased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deceasing</u>.] <def>To depart from this life; to die; to pass
away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She's dead, <i>deceased</i>, she's dead.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When our summers have <i>deceased</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Inasmuch as he carries the malignity and the lie with
him, he so far <i>deceases</i> from nature.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ceased"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Passed away;
dead; gone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The deceased</b></col>, <cd>the dead person.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*cede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decedere</i>. See <u>Decease</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
withdraw.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ce"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>decedens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>decedere</i>.] <def>Removing; departing.</def>
<i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ce"dent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A deceased
person.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ceit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>deceit</i>,
<i>des&ccedil;ait</i>, <i>decept</i> (cf. <i>deceite</i>,
<i>de&ccedil;oite</i>), fr. L. <i>deceptus</i> deception, fr.
<i>decipere</i>. See <u>Deceive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
attempt or disposition to deceive or lead into error; any
declaration, artifice, or practice, which misleads another, or causes
him to believe what is false; a contrivance to entrap; deception; a
wily device; fraud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Making the ephah small and the shekel great, and
falsifying the balances by <i>deceit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Amos viii.
5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Friendly to man, far from <i>deceit</i> or
guile.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet still we hug the dear <i>deceit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>N. Cotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Any trick, collusion,
contrivance, false representation, or underhand practice, used to
defraud another. When injury is thereby effected, an <i>action of
deceit</i>, as it called, lies for compensation.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deception; fraud; imposition; duplicity; trickery;
guile; falsifying; double-dealing; stratagem. See
<u>Deception</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*ceit"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of, or
characterized by, deceit; serving to mislead or insnare; trickish;
fraudulent; cheating; insincere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Harboring foul <i>deceitful</i> thoughts.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ceit"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With intent
to deceive.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ceit"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The disposition to deceive; as, a man's <i>deceitfulness</i> may
be habitual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being deceitful; as, the
<i>deceitfulness</i> of a man's practices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tendency to mislead or deceive.</def> "The
<i>deceitfulness</i> of riches."  <i>Matt. xiii. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ceit"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
deceit.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ceiv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;cevable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to deceive;
deceitful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The fraud of <i>deceivable</i>
traditions.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subject to deceit; capable of being
misled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blind, and thereby <i>deceivable</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ceiv"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capability of deceiving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With all <i>deceivableness</i> of
unrighteousness.</blockquote> <i>2 Thess. ii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liability to be deceived or misled; as,
the <i>deceivableness</i> of a child.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ceiv"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
deceivable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ceive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deceived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deceiving</u>.] [OE. <i>deceveir</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;cevoir</i>,
fr. L. <i>decipere</i> to catch, insnare, deceive; <i>de-</i> +
<i>capere</i> to take, catch. See <u>Capable</u>, and cf.
<u>Deceit</u>, <u>Deception</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lead
into error; to cause to believe what is false, or disbelieve what is
true; to impose upon; to mislead; to cheat; to disappoint; to delude;
to insnare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evil men and seducers shall wax worse and worse,
<i>deceiving</i>, and being <i>deceived</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim.
iii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nimble jugglers that <i>deceive</i> the
eye.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What can 'scape the eye<BR>
Of God all-seeing, or <i>deceive</i> his heart?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beguile; to amuse, so as to divert the
attention; to while away; to take away as if by deception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These occupations oftentimes <i>deceived</i><BR>
The listless hour.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive by fraud or stealth; to
defraud.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Plant fruit trees in large borders, and set therein
fine flowers, but thin and sparingly, lest they <i>deceive</i> the
trees.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Deceive</u>, <u>Delude</u>, <u>Mislead</u>.
<i>Deceive</i> is a general word applicable to any kind of
misrepresentation affecting faith or life. <i>To delude</i>,
primarily, is to make sport of, by deceiving, and is accomplished by
playing upon one's imagination or credulity, as by exciting false
hopes, causing him to undertake or expect what is impracticable, and
making his failure ridiculous. It implies some infirmity of judgment
in the victim, and intention to deceive in the deluder. But it is
often used reflexively, indicating that a person's own weakness has
made him the sport of others or of fortune; as, he <i>deluded</i>
himself with a belief that luck would always favor him. <i>To
mislead</i> is to lead, guide, or direct in a wrong way, either
willfully or ignorantly.</p>

<p><hw>De*ceiv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
deceives; one who leads into error; a cheat; an impostor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The deceived and the <i>deceiver</i> are
his.</blockquote> <i>Job xii. 16.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Deceiver</u>, <u>Impostor</u>.  A
<i>deceiver</i> operates by stealth and in private upon individuals;
an <i>impostor</i> practices his arts on the community at large. The
one succeeds by artful falsehoods, the other by bold assumption. The
faithless friend and the fickle lover are <i>deceivers</i>; the false
prophet and the pretended prince are <i>impostors</i>.</p>

<p><hw>De*cem"ber</hw> (d&esl;*s&ebreve;m"b&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;cembre</i>, from L.
<i>December</i>, fr. <i>decem</i> ten; this being the tenth month
among the early Romans, who began the year in March. See <u>Ten</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The twelfth and last month of the year,
containing thirty-one days. During this month occurs the winter
solstice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: With reference to the end of the
year and to the winter season; as, the <i>December</i> of his
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`cem*den"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decem</i> ten + E. <i>dentate</i>.] <def>Having ten points or
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cem"fid</hw> (d&esl;*s&ebreve;m"f&ibreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>decem</i> ten + root of <i>findere</i> to
cleave.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Cleft into ten parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`cem*loc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decem</i> ten + E. <i>locular</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having ten
cells for seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cem"pe*dal</hw> (d&esl;*s&ebreve;m"p&esl;*d<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>decem</i> ten + E. <i>pedal</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ten feet in length.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having ten feet;
decapodal.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cem"vir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Decemvirs</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Decemviri</b></plw> (#).
[L., fr. <i>decem</i> ten + <i>vir</i> a man.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of a body of ten magistrates in ancient Rome.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The title of <i>decemvirs</i> was given to various bodies
of Roman magistrates. The most celebrated decemvirs framed "the laws
of the Twelve Tables," about 450 <u>B. C.</u>, and had absolute
authority for three years.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of any body of ten men in
authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cem"vi*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decemviralis</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the decemvirs in
Rome.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cem"vi*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decemviratus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office or term of
office of the decemvirs in Rome.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body of ten men in authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cem"vir*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
of a decemvir.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Decency.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Decencies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>decentia</i>, fr.
<i>decens</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;cence</i>. See <u>Decent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being decent,
suitable, or becoming, in words or behavior; propriety of form in
social intercourse, in actions, or in discourse; proper formality;
becoming ceremony; seemliness; hence, freedom from obscenity or
indecorum; modesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Observances of time, place, and of <i>decency</i> in
general.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Immodest words admit of no defense,<BR>
For want of <i>decency</i> is want of sense.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is proper or
becoming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The external <i>decencies</i> of worship.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those thousand <i>decencies</i>, that daily flow<BR>
From all her words and actions.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>decem</i> ten.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the higher hydrocarbons,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>20</sub>, of the ethylene series.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cen"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Decennaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>decennium</i> a period of
ten years; <i>decem</i> ten + <i>annus</i> a year.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A period of ten years.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A tithing consisting
of ten neighboring families.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cen"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Decennary</u>.] <def>Consisting of ten years; happening every ten
years; as, a <i>decennial</i> period; <i>decennial</i> games.</def>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cen"ni*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tenth year or
tenth anniversary.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*cen"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Decenniums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Decennia</b></plw> (#).
[L.] <def>A period of ten years.</def> "The present
<i>decennium</i>." <i>Hallam.</i> "The last <i>decennium</i> of
Chaucer's life."  <i>A. W. Ward.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*cen"no*val</hw> (?), <hw>De*cen"no*va*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>decem</i> ten + <i>novem</i> nine.]
<def>Pertaining to the number nineteen; of nineteen years.</def> [R.]
<i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"cent</hw> (d&emacr;"s<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decens</i>, <i>decentis</i>, p. pr. of <i>decere</i> to be fitting
or becoming; akin to <i>decus</i> glory, honor, ornament, Gr.
<grk>dokei^n</grk> to seem good, to seem, think; cf. Skr.
<i>d&amacr;&ccedil;</i> to grant, to give; and perh. akin to E.
<i>attire</i>, <i>tire</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;cent</i>.  Cf.
<u>Decorate</u>, <u>Decorum</u>, <u>Deign</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Suitable in words, behavior, dress, or ceremony; becoming; fit;
decorous; proper; seemly; as, <i>decent</i> conduct; <i>decent</i>
language.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Before his <i>decent</i> steps.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from immodesty or obscenity;
modest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Comely; shapely; well-formed.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>A sable stole of cyprus lawn<BR>
Over thy <i>decent</i> shoulders drawn.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By foreign hands thy <i>decent</i> limbs
composed.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Moderate, but competent; sufficient;
hence, respectable; fairly good; reasonably comfortable or
satisfying; as, a <i>decent</i> fortune; a <i>decent</i>
person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>decent</i> retreat in the mutability of human
affairs.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>De"cent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De"cent*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*cen`tral*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
action of decentralizing, or the state of being decentralized.</def>
"The <i>decentralization</i> of France."  <i>J. P. Peters.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cen"tral*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
prevent from centralizing; to cause to withdraw from the center or
place of concentration; to divide and distribute (what has been
united or concentrated); -- esp. said of authority, or the
administration of public affairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cep"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being deceived; deceivable.</def> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i> --
<wf>De*cep`ti*bil"i*ty</wf> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;ception</i>, L. <i>deceptio</i>, fr. <i>decipere</i>,
<i>deceptum</i>. See <u>Deceive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of deceiving or misleading.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being deceived or
misled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is one thing relating either to the action or
enjoyments of man in which he is not liable to
<i>deception</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which deceives or is intended to
deceive; false representation; artifice; cheat; fraud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was of course room for vast
<i>deception</i>.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Deception</u>, <u>Deceit</u>, <u>Fraud</u>,
<u>Imposition</u>.  <i>Deception</i> usually refers to the act, and
<i>deceit</i> to the habit of the mind; hence we speak of a person as
skilled in <i>deception</i> and addicted to <i>deceit</i>. The
practice of <i>deceit</i> springs altogether from design, and that of
the worst kind; but a <i>deception</i> does not always imply aim and
intention. It may be undesigned or accidental. An <i>imposition</i>
is an act of deception practiced upon some one to his annoyance or
injury; a <i>fraud</i> implies the use of stratagem, with a view to
some unlawful gain or advantage.</p>

<p><hw>De*cep"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>deceptiosus</i>.] <def>Tending deceive; delusive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As if those organs had <i>deceptious</i>
functions.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cep"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;ceptif</i>. See <u>Deceive</u>.] <def>Tending to deceive;
having power to mislead, or impress with false opinions; as, a
<i>deceptive</i> countenance or appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Language altogether <i>deceptive</i>, and hiding the
deeper reality from our eyes.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Deceptive cadence</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a cadence
on the subdominant, or in some foreign key, postponing the final
close.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*cep"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner
to deceive.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cep"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The power or
habit of deceiving; tendency or aptness to deceive.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`cep*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Deceptiveness; a deception; a sham.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cep"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deceptorius</i>, from <i>decipere</i>.] <def>Deceptive.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*cern"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decernere</i>. See <u>Decree</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
perceive, discern, or decide.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Granmer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>To decree; to
adjudge.</def></p>

<p><! p. 376 !></p>

<p><hw>De*cern"i*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots
Law)</i> <def>A decree or sentence of a court.</def>
<i>Stormonth.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cerp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decerpere</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>carpere</i> to pluck.] <def>To
pluck off; to crop; to gather.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*cerpt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>decerptus</i>,
p. p. of <i>decerpere</i>.] <def>Plucked off or away.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*cerp"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
plucked off, cropped, or torn away.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cerp"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of plucking off; a cropping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is plucked off or rent away; a
fragment; a piece.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`cer*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decertatio</i>, fr. <i>decertare</i>, <i>decertatum</i>; <i>de-
</i> + <i>certare</i> to contend.] <def>Contest for mastery;
contention; strife.</def> [R.]  <i>Arnway.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ces"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decessio</i>, fr. <i>decedere</i> to depart. See <u>Decease</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Departure; decrease; -- opposed to
<i>accesion</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*charm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;charmer</i>. See <u>Charm</u>.] <def>To free from a
charm; to disenchant.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*chris"tian*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dechristianized</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dechristianizing</u>.] <def>To
turn from, or divest of, Christianity.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cid"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being decided; determinable.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Decided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deciding</u>.] [L. <i>dec&imacr;dere</i>; <i>de-</i> +
<i>caedere</i> to cut, cut off; prob. akin to E. <i>shed</i>, v.: cf.
F. <i>d&eacute;cider</i>.  Cf. <u>Decision</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cut off; to separate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our seat denies us traffic here;<BR>
The sea, too near, <i>decides</i> us from the rest.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring to a termination, as a question,
controversy, struggle, by giving the victory to one side or party; to
render judgment concerning; to determine; to settle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So shall thy judgment be; thyself hast <i>decided</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xx. 40.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The quarrel toucheth none but us alone;<BR>
Betwixt ourselves let us <i>decide</i> it then.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cide"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To determine; to
form a definite opinion; to come to a conclusion; to give decision;
as, the court <i>decided</i> in favor of the defendant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who shall <i>decide</i>, when doctors
disagree?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cid"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Free from ambiguity; unequivocal; unmistakable; unquestionable;
clear; evident; as, a <i>decided</i> advantage.</def> "A more
<i>decided</i> taste for science."  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from doubt or wavering; determined;
of fixed purpose; fully settled; positive; resolute; as, a
<i>decided</i> opinion or purpose.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Decided</u>, <u>Decisive</u>.  We call a thing
<i>decisive</i> when it has the power or quality of deciding; as, a
<i>decisive</i> battle; we speak of it as <i>decided</i> when it is
so fully settled as to leave no room for doubt; as, a <i>decided</i>
preference, a <i>decided</i> aversion. Hence, a <i>decided</i>
victory is one about which there is no question; a <i>decisive</i>
victory is one which ends the contest. <i>Decisive</i> is applied
only to things; as, a <i>decisive</i> sentence, a <i>decisive</i>
decree, a <i>decisive</i> judgment. <i>Decided</i> is applied equally
to persons and things. Thus we speak of a man as <i>decided</i> in
his whole of conduct; and as having a <i>decided</i> disgust, or a
<i>decided</i> reluctance, to certain measures. "A politic caution, a
guarded circumspection, were among the ruling principles of our
forefathers in their most <i>decided</i> conduct." <i>Burke.</i> "The
sentences of superior judges are final, <i>decisive</i>, and
irrevocable.  <i>Blackstone.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>De*cid"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a decided
manner; indisputably; clearly; thoroughly.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cide"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Means of
forming a decision.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dec"i*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>decidens</i>
falling off.] <def>A falling off.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
decides.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*cid"u*a</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>deciduus</i>. See <u>Deciduous</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The inner
layer of the wall of the uterus, which envelops the embryo, forms a
part of the placenta, and is discharged with it.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*cid`u*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of Mammalia in which a decidua is
thrown off with, or after, the fetus, as in the human
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cid"u*ate</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Possessed of, or characterized by, a
decidua.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec`i*du"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Deciduousness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*cid"u*ous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deciduus</i>, fr. <i>dec&?;dere</i> to fall off; <i>de-</i> +
<i>cadere</i> to fall. See <u>Chance</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Falling off, or subject to fall or be shed, at a certain season,
or a certain stage or interval of growth, as leaves (except of
evergreens) in autumn, or as parts of animals, such as hair, teeth,
antlers, etc.; also, shedding leaves or parts at certain seasons,
stages, or intervals; as, <i>deciduous</i> trees; the
<i>deciduous</i> membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cid"u*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being deciduous.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dec"i*gram</hw>, <hw>Dec"i*gramme</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;cigramme</i>; pref.
<i>d&eacute;ci-</i> tenth (fr. L. <i>decimus</i>) + <i>gramme</i>.]
<def>A weight in the metric system; one tenth of a gram, equal to
1.5432 grains avoirdupois.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dec"il</hw>, <hw>Dec"ile</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>d&eacute;cil</i>, fr. L. <i>decem</i> ten&?; cf. It.
<i>decile</i>.] <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>An aspect or position of two
planets, when they are distant from each other a tenth part of the
zodiac, or 36&deg;.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dec"i*li`ter</hw>, <hw>Dec"i*li`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;cilitre</i>; pref.
<i>d&eacute;ci-</i> tenth (L. <i>decimus</i>) + <i>litre</i>. See
<u>Liter</u>.] <def>A measure of capacity or volume in the metric
system; one tenth of a liter, equal to 6.1022 cubic inches, or 3.38
fluid ounces.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cil"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>decem</i>
ten + the ending of <i>million</i>.] <def>According to the English
notation, a million involved to the tenth power, or a unit with sixty
ciphers annexed; according to the French and American notation, a
thousand involved to the eleventh power, or a unit with thirty-three
ciphers annexed. [See the Note under <u>Numeration</u>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cil"lionth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to a decillion, or to the quotient of unity divided by a
decillion.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cil"lionth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The quotient of unity divided by a
decillion.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of a decillion equal
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;cimal</i> (cf. LL. <i>decimalis</i>), fr. L.
<i>decimus</i> tenth, fr. <i>decem</i> ten. See <u>Ten</u>, and cf.
<u>Dime</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to decimals; numbered or
proceeding by tens; having a tenfold increase or decrease, each unit
being ten times the unit next smaller; as, <i>decimal</i> notation; a
<i>decimal</i> coinage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Decimal arithmetic</b></col>, <cd>the common arithmetic,
in which numeration proceeds by tens.</cd> -- <col><b>Decimal
fraction</b></col>, <cd>a fraction in which the denominator is some
power of 10, as &frac2x10;, &fract25x100;, and is usually not
expressed, but is signified by a point placed at the left hand of the
numerator, as .2, .25.</cd> -- <col><b>Decimal point</b></col>, <cd>a
dot or full stop at the left of a decimal fraction. The figures at
the left of the point represent units or whole numbers, as
1.05.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dec"i*mal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A number expressed
in the scale of tens; specifically, and almost exclusively, used as
synonymous with a decimal fraction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Circulating</b></col>, or <col><b>Circulatory</b></col>,
<col><b>decimal</b></col>, <cd>a decimal fraction in which the same
figure, or set of figures, is constantly repeated; as, 0.354354354; -
- called also <i>recurring decimal</i>, <i>repeating decimal</i>, and
<i>repetend</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dec"i*mal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The system
of a decimal currency, decimal weights, measures, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"i*mal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reduce
to a decimal system; as, to <i>decimalize</i> the currency.</def> --
<wf>Dec`i*mal*i*za"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dec"i*mal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By tens; by
means of decimals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"i*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Decimated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Decimating</u> (?).] [L. <i>decimatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>decimare</i> to decimate (in senses 1 &amp; 2), fr. <i>decimus</i>
tenth. See <u>Decimal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take the tenth
part of; to tithe.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To select by lot and punish with death
every tenth man of; as, to <i>decimate</i> a regiment as a punishment
for mutiny.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To destroy a considerable part of; as, to
<i>decimate</i> an army in battle; to <i>decimate</i> a people by
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec`i*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decimatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;cimation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tithing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>State Trials
(1630).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A selection of every tenth person by lot,
as for punishment.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The destruction of any large proportion,
as of people by pestilence or war.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dec"i*ma`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>decimator</i>.] <def>One who decimates.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`cime"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
French coin, the tenth part of a franc, equal to about two
cents.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dec"i*me`ter</hw>, <hw>Dec"i*me`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;cim&egrave;tre</i>; pref.
<i>d&eacute;ci-</i> tenth (fr. L. <i>decimus</i>) +
<i>m&egrave;tre</i>. See <u>Meter</u>.] <def>A measure of length in
the metric system; one tenth of a meter, equal to 3.937
inches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec`i*mo*sex"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prop., in
sixteenth; fr. L. <i>decimus</i> tenth + <i>sextus</i> sixth.] <def>A
book consisting of sheets, each of which is folded into sixteen
leaves; hence, indicating, more or less definitely, a size of book; -
- usually written 16mo or 16&deg;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec`i*mo*sex"to</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having sixteen
leaves to a sheet; as, a <i>decimosexto</i> form, book, leaf,
size.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"cine</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>decem</i> ten.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the higher
hydrocarbons, C10H15, of the acetylene series; -- called also
<i>decenylene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ci"pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deciphered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Deciphering</u>.] [Pref. <i>de-</i> + <i>cipher</i>.
Formed in imitation of F. <i>d&eacute;chiffrer</i>. See
<u>Cipher</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To translate from secret
characters or ciphers into intelligible terms; as, to <i>decipher</i>
a letter written in secret characters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To find out, so as to be able to make
known the meaning of; to make out or read, as words badly written or
partly obliterated; to detect; to reveal; to unfold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stamp; to detect; to discover.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You are both <i>deciphered</i>, . . . <BR>
For villains.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ci"pher*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being deciphered; as, old writings not
<i>decipherable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ci"pher*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
deciphers.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ci"pher*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
deciphers.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ci"pher*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
deciphering.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cip"i*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decipiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>decipere</i>. See <u>Deceive</u>.]
<def>State of being deceived; hallucination.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cip"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>decipere</i> to deceive.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A supposed rare
element, said to be associated with cerium, yttrium, etc., in the
mineral samarskite, and more recently called <i>samarium</i>. Symbol
Dp. See <u>Samarium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ci"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>decisio</i>,
fr. <i>dec&imacr;dere</i>, <i>decisum</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;cision</i>. See <u>Decide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cutting off; division; detachment of a part.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of deciding; act of settling or
terminating, as a controversy, by giving judgment on the matter at
issue; determination, as of a question or doubt; settlement;
conclusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>decision</i> of some dispute.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An account or report of a conclusion,
especially of a legal adjudication or judicial determination of a
question or cause; as, a <i>decision</i> of arbitrators; a
<i>decision</i> of the Supreme Court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being decided; prompt and
fixed determination; unwavering firmness; as, to manifest great
<i>decision</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Decision</u>, <u>Determination</u>,
<u>Resolution</u>.  Each of these words has two meanings, one
implying the act of deciding, determining, or resolving; and the
other a <i>habit of mind</i> as to doing. It is in the last sense
that the words are here compared. <i>Decision</i> is a <i>cutting
short</i>. It implies that several courses of action have been
presented to the mind, and that the choice is now finally made. It
supposes, therefore, a union of promptitude and energy.
<i>Determination</i> is the natural consequence of decision. It is
the settling of a thing with a fixed purpose to adhere.
<i>Resolution</i> is the necessary result in a mind which is
characterized by firmness. It is a spirit which <i>scatters</i>
(resolves) all doubt, and is ready to face danger or suffering in
carrying out one's determinations. Martin Luther was equally
distinguished for his prompt <i>decision</i>, his steadfast
<i>determination</i>, and his inflexible <i>resolution</i>.</p>

<p><hw>De*ci*sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;cisif</i>. See <u>Decision</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the power or quality of deciding a question or
controversy; putting an end to contest or controversy; final;
conclusive.</def> "A <i>decisive</i>, irrevocable doom."
<i>Bates.</i> "<i>Decisive</i> campaign." <i>Macaulay.</i>
"<i>Decisive</i> proof."  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Marked by promptness and
decision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A noble instance of this attribute of the
<i>decisive</i> character.</blockquote> <i>J. Foster.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Decided; positive; conclusive. See
<u>Decided</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>De*ci"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*ci"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*ci"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;cisoire</i>. See <u>Decision</u>.] <def>Able to decide or
determine; having a tendency to decide.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dec"i*stere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;cist&egrave;re</i>; pref. <i>d&eacute;ci-</i> tenth (fr.
L. <i>decimus</i>) + <i>st&egrave;re</i> a stere.] <i>(Metric
System)</i> <def>The tenth part of the stere or cubic meter, equal to
3.531 cubic feet. See <u>Stere</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cit"i*zen*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of the rights of citizenship.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We have no law -- as the French have -- to
<i>decitizenize</i> a citizen.</blockquote> <i>Edw. Bates.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*civ"i*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reduce
from civilization to a savage state.</def> [R.]  <i>Blackwood's
Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Decked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Decking</u>.] [D. <i>dekken</i> to cover; akin to E.
<i>thatch</i>. See <u>Thatch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover;
to overspread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>deck</i> with clouds the uncolored
sky.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dress, as the person; to clothe;
especially, to clothe with more than ordinary elegance; to array; to
adorn; to embellish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deck</i> thyself now with majesty and
excellency.</blockquote> <i>Job xl. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>deck</i> my body in gay ornaments.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The dew with spangles <i>decked</i> the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a deck, as a
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>dek</i>. See
<u>Deck</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
floorlike covering of the horizontal sections, or compartments, of a
ship. Small vessels have only one deck; larger ships have two or
three decks.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The following are the more common names of the decks of
vessels having more than one.</p>

<p><col><b>Berth deck</b></col> <i>(Navy)</i>, <cd>a deck next below
the gun deck, where the hammocks of the crew are swung.</cd> --
<col><b>Boiler deck</b></col> <i>(River Steamers)</i>, <cd>the deck
on which the boilers are placed.</cd> -- <col><b>Flush
deck</b></col>, <cd>any continuous, unbroken deck from stem to
stern.</cd> -- <col><b>Gun deck</b></col> <i>(Navy)</i>, <cd>a deck
below the spar deck, on which the ship's guns are carried. If there
are two gun decks, the upper one is called the <i>main deck</i>, the
lower, the <i>lower gun deck</i>; if there are three, one is called
the <i>middle gun deck</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Half-deck</b></col>,
<cd>that portion of the deck next below the spar deck which is
between the mainmast and the cabin.</cd> -- <col><b>Hurricane
deck</b></col> <i>(River Steamers, etc.)</i>, <cd>the upper deck,
usually a light deck, erected above the frame of the hull.</cd> --
<col><b>Orlop deck</b></col>, <cd>the deck or part of a deck where
the cables are stowed, usually below the water line.</cd> --
<col><b>Poop deck</b></col>, <cd>the deck forming the roof of a poop
or poop cabin, built on the upper deck and extending from the
mizzenmast aft.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter-deck</b></col>, <cd>the part
of the upper deck abaft the mainmast, including the poop deck when
there is one.</cd> -- <col><b>Spar deck</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Same as the upper deck.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Sometimes a light deck fitted over the upper
deck.</cd> -- <col><b>Upper deck</b></col>, <cd>the highest deck of
the hull, extending from stem to stern.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(arch.)</i> <def>The upper part or top of a
mansard roof or curb roof when made nearly flat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>The roof of a passenger
car.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pack or set of playing cards.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king was slyly fingered from the
<i>deck</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A heap or store.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who . . . hath such trinkets<BR>
Ready in the <i>deck</i>.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Between decks</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Between</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Deck bridge</b></col> <i>(Railroad
Engineering)</i>, <cd>a bridge which carries the track upon the upper
chords; -- distinguished from a <i>through bridge</i>, which carries
the track upon the lower chords, between the girders.</cd> --
<col><b>Deck curb</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a curb supporting a
deck in roof construction.</cd> -- <col><b>Deck floor</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a floor which serves also as a roof, as of a
belfry or balcony.</cd> -- <col><b>Deck hand</b></col>, <cd>a sailor
hired to help on the vessel's deck, but not expected to go
aloft.</cd> -- <col><b>Deck molding</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the
molded finish of the edge of a deck, making the junction with the
lower slope of the roof.</cd> -- <col><b>Deck roof</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a nearly flat roof which is not surmounted by
parapet walls.</cd> -- <col><b>Deck transom</b></col>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>the transom into which the deck is
framed.</cd> -- <col><b>To clear the decks</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to remove every unnecessary incumbrance in preparation for
battle; to prepare for action.</cd> -- <col><b>To sweep the
deck</b></col> <i>(Card Playing)</i>, <cd>to clear off all the stakes
on the table by winning them.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Deck"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paper Making)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Deckle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, decks or adorns; a coverer; as, a table
<i>decker</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel which has a deck or decks; --
used esp. in composition; as, a single-<i>decker</i>; a three-
<i>decker</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"kle</hw> (d&ebreve;k"k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>deckel</i> cover, lid.] <i>(Paper Making)</i> <def>A separate thin
wooden frame used to form the border of a hand mold, or a curb of
India rubber or other material which rests on, and forms the edge of,
the mold in a paper machine and determines the width of the
paper.</def> [Spelt also <i>deckel</i>, and <i>dekle</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>De*claim"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Declaimed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Declaiming</u>.] [L. <i>declamare</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>clamare</i>
to cry out: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;clamer</i>. See <u>Claim</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To speak rhetorically; to make a formal
speech or oration; to harangue; specifically, to recite a speech,
poem, etc., in public as a rhetorical exercise; to practice public
speaking; as, the students <i>declaim</i> twice a week.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To speak for rhetorical display; to speak
pompously, noisily, or theatrically; to make an empty speech; to
rehearse trite arguments in debate; to rant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grenville seized the opportunity to <i>declaim</i> on
the repeal of the stamp act.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><! p. 377 !></p>

<p><hw>De*claim"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To utter in public; to deliver in a rhetorical or set
manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To defend by declamation; to advocate
loudly.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Declaims</i> his cause."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*claim"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
declaimer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*claim"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
declaims; an haranguer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec`la*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>declamatio</i>, from <i>declamare</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;clamation</i>. See <u>Declaim</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or art of declaiming; rhetorical delivery; haranguing;
loud speaking in public; especially, the public recitation of
speeches as an exercise in schools and colleges; as, the practice
<i>declamation</i> by students.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The public listened with little emotion, but with much
civility, to five acts of monotonous <i>declamation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A set or harangue; declamatory
discourse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pretentious rhetorical display, with more
sound than sense; as, mere <i>declamation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"la*ma`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
declaimer.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*clam"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>declamatorius</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;clamatoire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to declamation; treated in the
manner of a rhetorician; as, a <i>declamatory</i> theme.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by rhetorical display;
pretentiously rhetorical; without solid sense or argument; bombastic;
noisy; as, a <i>declamatory</i> way or style.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*clar"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being declared.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*clar"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;clarant</i>, p. pr. of <i>d&eacute;clarer</i>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>One who declares.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dec`la*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;claration</i>, fr. L. <i>declaratio</i>, fr.
<i>declarare</i>. See <u>Declare</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of declaring, or publicly announcing; explicit asserting;
undisguised token of a ground or side taken on any subject;
proclamation; exposition; as, the <i>declaration</i> of an opinion; a
<i>declaration</i> of war, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is declared or proclaimed;
announcement; distinct statement; formal expression;
avowal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Declarations</i> of mercy and love . . . in the
Gospel.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The document or instrument containing such
statement or proclamation; as, the <i>Declaration</i> of Independence
(now preserved in Washington).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In 1776 the Americans laid before Europe that noble
<i>Declaration</i>, which ought to be hung up in the nursery of every
king, and blazoned on the porch of every royal palace.</blockquote>
<i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>That part of the process or
pleadings in which the plaintiff sets forth in order and at large his
cause of complaint; the narration of the plaintiff's case containing
the count, or counts. See <u>Count</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Declaration of Independence</b></col>. <i>(Amer.
Hist.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Independence</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Declaration of rights</b></col>. <i>(Eng. Hist)</i> <cd>See
<i>Bill of rights</i>, under <u>Bill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Declaration
of trust</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a paper subscribed by a grantee
of property, acknowledging that he holds it in trust for the purposes
and upon the terms set forth.</cd>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*clar"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>declarativus</i>, fr. <i>declarare</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;claratif</i>.] <def>Making declaration, proclamation, or
publication; explanatory; assertive; declaratory.</def>
"<i>Declarative</i> laws."  <i>Baker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The "vox populi," so <i>declarative</i> on the same
side.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*clar"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
distinct assertion; not impliedly; in the form of a
declaration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The priest shall expiate it, that is,
<i>declaratively</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bates.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dec"la*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an
announcer.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A form of action by which some
right or interest is sought to be judicially declared.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*clar"a*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
declaratory manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*clar"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;claratoire</i>.] <def>Making declaration, explanation, or
exhibition; making clear or manifest; affirmative; expressive; as, a
clause <i>declaratory</i> of the will of the legislature.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Declaratory act</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an act or
statute which sets forth more clearly, and declares what is, the
existing law.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*clare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Declared</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Declaring</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;clarer</i>, from L.
<i>declarare</i>; <i>de</i> + <i>clarare</i> to make clear,
<i>clarus</i>, clear, bright. See <u>Clear</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make clear; to free from obscurity.</def> [Obs.] "To
<i>declare</i> this a little."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make known by language; to communicate
or manifest explicitly and plainly in any way; to exhibit; to
publish; to proclaim; to announce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This day I have begot whom I <i>declare</i><BR>
My only Son.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The heavens <i>declare</i> the glory of
God.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xix. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make declaration of; to assert; to
affirm; to set forth; to avow; as, he <i>declares</i> the story to be
false.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I the Lord . . . <i>declare</i> things that are
right.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xlv. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To make full statement of,
as goods, etc., for the purpose of paying taxes, duties,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To declare off</b></col>, <cd>to recede from an agreement,
undertaking, contract, etc.; to renounce.</cd> -- <col><b>To declare
one's self</b></col>, <cd>to avow one's opinion; to show openly what
one thinks, or which side he espouses.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*clare"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a declaration, or an open and explicit avowal; to
proclaim one's self; -- often with <i>for</i> or <i>against</i>; as,
victory <i>declares</i> against the allies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like fawning courtiers, for success they wait,<BR>
And then come smiling, and <i>declare</i> for fate.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To state the plaintiff's
cause of action at law in a legal form; as, the plaintiff
<i>declares</i> in trespass.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*clar"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Avowedly;
explicitly.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*clar"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being declared.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*clare"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Declaration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*clar"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
known or proclaims; that which exhibits.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*clen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Apparently
corrupted fr. F. <i>d&eacute;clinaison</i>, fr. L. <i>declinatio</i>,
fr. <i>declinare</i>. See <u>Decline</u>, and cf.
<u>Declination</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or the state of
declining; declination; descent; slope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>declension</i> of the land from that place to
the sea.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A falling off towards a worse state; a
downward tendency; deterioration; decay; as, the <i>declension</i> of
virtue, of science, of a state, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seduced the pitch and height of all his thoughts<BR>
To base <i>declension</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Act of courteously refusing; act of
declining; a declinature; refusal; as, the <i>declension</i> of a
nomination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Inflection of nouns, adjectives, etc., according to the
grammatical cases.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The form of the
inflection of a word declined by cases; as, the first or the second
<i>declension</i> of nouns, adjectives, etc. </def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Rehearsing a word as declined.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The nominative was held to be the primary and original
form, and was likened to a perpendicular line; the variations, or
<i>oblique</i> cases, were regarded as fallings (hence called
<i>casus</i>, cases, or fallings) from the nominative or
perpendicular; and an enumerating of the various forms, being a sort
of progressive descent from the noun's upright form, was called a
<i>declension</i>.  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Declension of the needle</b></col>, <cd>declination of the
needle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*clen"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging
to declension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Declensional</i> and syntactical
forms.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*clin"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;clinable</i>. See <u>Decline</u>.] <def>Capable of being
declined; admitting of declension or inflection; as,
<i>declinable</i> parts of speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*clin"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Declining;
sloping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"li*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>declinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>declinare</i>. See <u>Decline</u>.]
<def>Bent downward or aside; <i>(Bot.)</i> bending downward in a
curve; declined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec`li*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>declinatio</i> a bending aside, an avoiding: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;clination</i> a decadence. See <u>Declension</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of bending downward;
inclination; as, <i>declination</i> of the head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of falling off or
declining from excellence or perfection; deterioration; decay;
decline.</def> "The <i>declination</i> of monarchy."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Summer . . . is not looked on as a time<BR>
Of <i>declination</i> or decay.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of deviating or turning aside;
oblique motion; obliquity; withdrawal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>declination</i> of atoms in their
descent.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>declination</i> and violation of the
rules.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of declining or refusing;
withdrawal; refusal; averseness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The queen's <i>declination</i> from
marriage.</blockquote> <i>Stow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The angular distance of
any object from the celestial equator, either northward or
southward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Dialing)</i> <def>The arc of the horizon,
contained between the vertical plane and the prime vertical circle,
if reckoned from the east or west, or between the meridian and the
plane, reckoned from the north or south.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The act of inflecting a
word; declension. See <u>Decline</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
4.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angle of declination</b></col>, <cd>the angle made by a
descending line, or plane, with a horizontal plane.</cd> --
<col><b>Circle of declination</b></col>, <cd>a circle parallel to the
celestial equator.</cd> -- <col><b>Declination compass</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a compass arranged for finding the declination
of the magnetic needle.</cd> -- <col><b>Declination of the
compass</b></col> or <col><b>needle</b></col>, <cd>the horizontal
angle which the magnetic needle makes with the true north-and-south
line.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dec"li*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;clinateur</i>. See <u>Decline</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument for taking the declination or angle which a plane
makes with the horizontal plane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dissentient.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*clin"a*to*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>declinatorius</i>, fr. L. <i>declinare</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;clinatoire</i>.] <def>Containing or involving a
declination or refusal, as of submission to a charge or
sentence.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Declinatory plea</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the
plea of sanctuary or of benefit of clergy, before trial or
conviction; -- now abolished.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*clin"a*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of declining or refusing; as, the <i>declinature</i> of an
office.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cline"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Declined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Declining</u>.] [OE. <i>declinen</i> to bend down, lower, sink,
decline (a noun), F. <i>d&eacute;cliner</i> to decline, refuse, fr.
L. <i>declinare</i> to turn aside, inflect (a part of speech), avoid;
<i>de-</i> + <i>clinare</i> to incline; akin to E. <i>lean</i>. See
<u>Lean</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bend, or lean downward; to take a downward direction; to bend over or
hang down, as from weakness, weariness, despondency, etc.; to
condescend.</def> "With <i>declining</i> head."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . would <i>decline</i> even to the lowest of
his family.</blockquote> <i>Lady Hutchinson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Disdaining to <i>decline</i>,<BR>
Slowly he falls, amidst triumphant cries.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ground at length became broken and <i>declined</i>
rapidly.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tend or draw towards a close, decay, or
extinction; to tend to a less perfect state; to become diminished or
impaired; to fail; to sink; to diminish; to lessen; as, the day
<i>declines</i>; virtue <i>declines</i>; religion <i>declines</i>;
business <i>declines</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That empire must <i>decline</i><BR>
Whose chief support and sinews are of coin.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And presume to know . . . <BR>
Who thrives, and who <i>declines</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To turn or bend aside; to deviate; to
stray; to withdraw; as, a line that <i>declines</i> from
straightness; conduct that <i>declines</i> from sound
morals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet do I not <i>decline</i> from thy
testimonies.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxix. 157.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To turn away; to shun; to refuse; -- the
opposite of <i>accept</i> or <i>consent</i>; as, he <i>declined</i>,
upon principle.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cline"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bend downward; to bring down; to depress; to cause to bend,
or fall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In melancholy deep, with head
<i>declined</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And now fair Phoebus gan <i>decline</i> in haste<BR>
His weary wagon to the western vale.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to decrease or diminish.</def>
[Obs.] "You have <i>declined</i> his means."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He knoweth his error, but will not seek to
<i>decline</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put or turn aside; to turn off or away
from; to refuse to undertake or comply with; reject; to shun; to
avoid; as, to <i>decline</i> an offer; to <i>decline</i> a contest;
he <i>declined</i> any participation with them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Could I<BR>
<i>Decline</i> this dreadful hour?</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To inflect, or rehearse in
order the changes of grammatical form of; as, to <i>decline</i> a
noun or an adjective.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Now restricted to such words as have case inflections; but
formerly it was applied both to declension and conjugation.</p>

<p><blockquote>After the first <i>declining</i> of a noun and a
verb.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To run through from first to last; to
repeat like a schoolboy declining a noun.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cline"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;clin</i>. See <u>Decline</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A falling off; a tendency to a worse state;
diminution or decay; deterioration; also, the period when a thing is
tending toward extinction or a less perfect state; as, the
<i>decline</i> of life; the <i>decline</i> of strength; the
<i>decline</i> of virtue and religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their fathers lived in the <i>decline</i> of
literature.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>That period of a disorder or
paroxysm when the symptoms begin to abate in violence; as, the
<i>decline</i> of a fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gradual sinking and wasting away of the
physical faculties; any wasting disease, esp. pulmonary consumption;
as, to die of a <i>decline</i>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Decline</u>, <u>Decay</u>, <u>Consumption</u>.
<i>Decline</i> marks the first stage in a downward progress;
<i>decay</i> indicates the second stage, and denotes a tendency to
ultimate destruction; <i>consumption</i> marks a steady decay from an
internal exhaustion of strength. The health may experience a
<i>decline</i> from various causes at any period of life; it is
naturally subject to <i>decay</i> with the advance of old age;
<i>consumption</i> may take place at almost any period of life, from
disease which wears out the constitution. In popular language
<i>decline</i> is often used as synonymous with <i>consumption</i>.
By a gradual <i>decline</i>, states and communities lose their
strength and vigor; by progressive <i>decay</i>, they are stripped of
their honor, stability, and greatness; by a <i>consumption</i> of
their resources and vital energy, they are led rapidly on to a
completion of their existence.</p>

<p><hw>De*clined"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Declinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*clin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>He who declines
or rejects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A studious <i>decliner</i> of honors.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dec`li*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Decline</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument
for measuring the declination of the magnetic needle.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*clin"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Declinate.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*cliv"i*tous</hw> (?), <hw>De*cli"vous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Descending gradually; moderately steep;
sloping; downhill.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cliv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Declivities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>declivitas</i>, fr.
<i>declivis</i> sloping, downhill; <i>de</i> + <i>clivus</i> a slope,
a hill; akin to <i>clinare</i> to incline: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;clivit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Decline</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deviation from a horizontal line; gradual
descent of surface; inclination downward; slope; -- opposed to
<i>acclivity</i>, or ascent; the same slope, considered as
<i>descending</i>, being a <i>declivity</i>, which, considered as
<i>ascending</i>, is an <i>acclivity</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A descending surface; a sloping
place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Commodious <i>declivities</i> and channels for the
passage of the waters.</blockquote> <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*coct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Decocted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Decocting</u>.] [L. <i>decoctus</i>, p. p. of <i>decoquere</i> to
boil down; <i>de-</i> + <i>coquere</i> to cook, boil. See <u>Cook</u>
to decoct.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prepare by boiling; to digest
in hot or boiling water; to extract the strength or flavor of by
boiling; to make an infusion of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prepare by the heat of the stomach for
assimilation; to digest; to concoct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To warm, strengthen, or invigorate, as if
by boiling.</def> [R.] "<i>Decoct</i> their cold blood."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*coct"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being boiled or digested.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*coc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;coction</i>, L. <i>decoctio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of boiling anything in a watery fluid to
extract its virtues.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>decoction</i> . . . it either purgeth at the top
or settleth at the bottom.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An extract got from a body by boiling it
in water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the plant be boiled in water, the strained liquor
is called the <i>decoction</i> of the plant.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In pharmacy <i>decoction</i> is opposed to infusion,
where there is merely steeping.</blockquote> <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*coc"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
decoction.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*col"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Decollated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Decollating</u>.] [L. <i>decollatus</i>, p. p. of <i>decollare</i>
to behead; <i>de-</i> + <i>collum</i> neck.] <def>To sever from the
neck; to behead; to decapitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>decollated</i> head of St. John the
Baptist.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*col"la*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Decapitated; worn or cast off in the process
of growth, as the apex of certain univalve shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`col*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decollatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;collation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of beheading or state of one
beheaded; -- especially used of the execution of St. John the
Baptist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A painting representing the beheading of a
saint or martyr, esp. of St. John the Baptist.</def></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`col`le*t&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F., p. p. of <i>d&eacute;colleter</i> to bare the neck and
shoulders; <i>d&eacute;-</i> + <i>collet</i> collar, fr. L.
<i>collum</i> neck.] <def>Leaving the neck and shoulders uncovered;
cut low in the neck, or low-necked, as a dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*col"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Beheading.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By a speedy dethroning and <i>decolling</i> of the
king.</blockquote> <i>Parliamentary History (1648).</i></p>

<p><hw>De*col"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;colorer</i>, L. <i>decolorare</i>.  Cf. <u>Discolor</u>.]
<def>To deprive of color; to bleach.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*col"or*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;colorant</i>, p. pr.] <def>A substance which removes
color, or bleaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*col"or*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decoloratus</i>, p. p. of <i>decolorare</i>.] <def>Deprived of
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*col"or*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
decolor.</def></p>

<p><! p. 378 !></p>

<p><hw>De*col`or*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decoloratio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;coloration</i>.] <def>The
removal or absence of color.</def>  <i>Ferrand.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*col"or*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of color; to whiten.</def> <i>Turner.</i> --
<wf>De*col`or*i*za"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De"com*plex`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-</i>
(intens.) + <i>complex</i>.] <def>Repeatedly compound; made up of
complex constituents.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`com*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being resolved into constituent elements.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`com*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Decomposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Decomposing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>d&eacute;composer</i>.
Cf. <u>Discompose</u>.] <def>To separate the constituent parts of; to
resolve into original elements; to set free from previously existing
forms of chemical combination; to bring to dissolution; to rot or
decay.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`com*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
resolved or returned from existing combinations; to undergo
dissolution; to decay; to rot.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`com*posed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Separated or broken up; -- said of the crest
of birds when the feathers are divergent.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`com*pos"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-
</i> (intens.) + <i>composite</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Compounded more than once; compounded with things already
composite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Decompound</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`com*pos"ite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything
decompounded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Decomposites</i> of three metals or
more.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*com`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-
</i> (in sense 3 intensive) + <i>composition</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;composition</i>.  Cf. <u>Decomposition</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of resolving the
constituent parts of a compound body or substance into its elementary
parts; separation into constituent part; analysis; the decay or
dissolution consequent on the removal or alteration of some of the
ingredients of a compound; disintegration; as, the
<i>decomposition</i> of wood, rocks, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being reduced into original
elements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Repeated composition; a combination of
compounds.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Decomposition of forces</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<i>Resolution of forces</i>, under <u>Resolution</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Decomposition of light</b></col>, <cd>the division of light
into the prismatic colors.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De`com*pound"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Decompounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Decompounding</u>.] [Pref. <i>de-</i> (intens. in
sense 1) + <i>compound</i>, v. t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
compound or mix with that is already compound; to compound a second
time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to constituent parts; to
decompose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It divides and <i>decompounds</i> objects into . . .
parts.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`com*pound"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-</i>
(intens.) + <i>compound</i>, <i>a.</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Compound of what is already compounded; compounded a second
time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Several times compounded or
divided, as a leaf or stem; decomposite.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`com*pound"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
decomposite.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`com*pound"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being decompounded.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`con*cen"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
withdraw from concentration; to decentralize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*con`cen*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
deconcentrating.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De`con*coct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
decompose.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*con"se*crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of sacredness; to secularize.</def> --
<wf>De*con`se*cra"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dec"o*ra*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decoramentum</i>. See <u>Decorate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Ornament.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dec"o*rate</hw> (d&cr;k"&osl;*r&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Decorated</u>
(d&cr;k"&osl;*r&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Decorating</u> (-r&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng).] [L. <i>decoratus</i>, p.
p. of <i>decorare</i>, fr. <i>decus</i> ornament; akin to
<i>decere</i> to be becoming. See <u>Decent</u>.] <def>To deck with
that which is becoming, ornamental, or honorary; to adorn; to
beautify; to embellish; as, to <i>decorate</i> the person; to
<i>decorate</i> an edifice; to <i>decorate</i> a lawn with flowers;
to <i>decorate</i> the mind with moral beauties; to <i>decorate</i> a
hero with honors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her fat neck was ornamented with jewels, rich
bracelets <i>decorated</i> her arms.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To adorn; embellish; ornament; beautify; grace. See
<u>Adorn</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Decorated style</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a name given
by some writers to the perfected English Gothic architecture; it may
be considered as having flourished from about <u>a. d</u>. 1300 to
<u>a. d</u>. 1375.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dec`o*ra"tion</hw> (d&ebreve;k`&osl;*r&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>decoratio</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;coration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
adorning, embellishing, or honoring; ornamentation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which adorns, enriches, or
beautifies; something added by way of embellishment;
ornament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hall was celebrated for . . . the richness of its
<i>decoration</i>.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, any mark of honor to be worn
upon the person, as a medal, cross, or ribbon of an order of
knighthood, bestowed for services in war, great achievements in
literature, art, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Decoration Day</b></col>, <cd>a day, May 30, appointed for
decorating with flowers the graves of the Union soldiers and sailors,
who fell in the Civil War in the United States; Memorial Day.</cd>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dec"o*ra*tive</hw> (d&ebreve;k"&osl;*r&adot;*t&ibreve;v
<i>or</i> -r&asl;*t&ibreve;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;coratif</i>.] <def>Suited to decorate or embellish;
adorning.</def> -- <wf>Dec"o*ra*tive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Decorative art</b></col>, <cd>fine art which has for its
end ornamentation, rather than the representation of objects or
events.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dec"o*ra`tor</hw> (-r&amacr;"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>d&eacute;corateur</i>.] <def>One who decorates, adorns, or
embellishes; specifically, an artisan whose business is the
decoration of houses, esp. their interior decoration.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*core"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;corer</i>. See <u>Decorate</u>.] <def>To decorate; to
beautify.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>decore</i> and beautify the house of
God.</blockquote> <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*core"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Ornament.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*co"rous</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dec&omacr;rus</i>, fr. <i>decor</i> comeliness, beauty; akin to
<i>decere</i>. See <u>Decent</u>, and cf. <u>Decorum</u>.]
<def>Suitable to a character, or to the time, place, and occasion;
marked with decorum; becoming; proper; seemly; befitting; as, a
<i>decorous</i> speech; <i>decorous</i> behavior; a <i>decorous</i>
dress for a judge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>decorous</i> pretext the war.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>De*co"rous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*co"rous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*cor"ti*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Decorticated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Decorticating</u>.] [L. <i>decorticatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>decorticare</i> to bark; <i>de-</i> + <i>cortex</i> bark.] <def>To
divest of the bark, husk, or exterior coating; to husk; to peel; to
hull.</def> "Great barley dried and <i>decorticated</i>."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cor`ti*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decorticatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;cortication</i>.] <def>The
act of stripping off the bark, rind, hull, or outer coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cor"ti*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A machine
for decorticating wood, hulling grain, etc.; also, an instrument for
removing surplus bark or moss from fruit trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cor"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dec&omacr;rum</i>, fr. <i>dec&omacr;rus</i>. See <u>Decorous</u>.]
<def>Propriety of manner or conduct; grace arising from suitableness
of speech and behavior to one's own character, or to the place and
occasion; decency of conduct; seemliness; that which is seemly or
suitable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Negligent of the duties and <i>decorums</i> of his
station.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If your master<BR>
Would have a queen his beggar, you must tell him,<BR>
That majesty, to keep <i>decorum</i>, must<BR>
No less beg than a kingdom.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Decorum</u>, <u>Dignity</u>.  <i>Decorum</i>, in
accordance with its etymology, is that which is <i>becoming</i> in
outward act or appearance; as, the <i>decorum</i> of a public
assembly. <i>Dignity</i> springs from an inward elevation of soul
producing a corresponding effect on the manners; as, <i>dignity</i>
of personal appearance.</p>

<p><hw>De*coy"</hw> (d&esl;*koi"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Decoyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Decoying</u>.] [Pref. <i>de-</i> + <i>coy</i>;
orig., to quiet, soothe, caress, entice. See <u>Coy</u>.] <def>To
lead into danger by artifice; to lure into a net or snare; to entrap;
to insnare; to allure; to entice; as, to <i>decoy</i> troops into an
ambush; to <i>decoy</i> ducks into a net.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did to a lonely cot his steps
<i>decoy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>E'en while fashion's brightest arts <i>decoy</i>,<BR>
The heart, distrusting, asks if this be joy.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To entice; tempt; allure; lure. See
<u>Allure</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*coy"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything intended to lead into a snare; a lure that deceives and
misleads into danger, or into the power of an enemy; a
bait.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fowl, or the likeness of one, used by
sportsmen to entice other fowl into a net or within shot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place into which wild fowl, esp. ducks,
are enticed in order to take or shoot them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person employed by officers of justice,
or parties exposed to injury, to induce a suspected person to commit
an offense under circumstances that will lead to his
detection.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*coy"-duck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A duck used
to lure wild ducks into a decoy; hence, a person employed to lure
others into danger.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*coy"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who decoys
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*coy"-man`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Decoy-men</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man employed in decoying
wild fowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*crease"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Decreased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Decreasing</u>.] [OE. <i>decrecen</i>, fr. OF.
<i>decreistre</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;cro&icirc;tre</i>, or from the OF.
noun (see <u>Decrease</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>), fr. L.
<i>decrescere</i> to grow less; <i>de</i> + <i>crescere</i> to grow.
See <u>Crescent</u>, and cf. <u>Increase</u>.] <def>To grow less, --
opposed to <i>increase</i>; to be diminished gradually, in size,
degree, number, duration, etc., or in strength, quality, or
excellence; as, they days <i>decrease</i> in length from June to
December.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He must increase, but I must
<i>decrease</i>.</blockquote> <i>John iii. 30.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Decrease</u>, <u>Diminish</u>.  Things
usually <i>decrease</i> or fall off by degrees, and from within, or
through some cause which is imperceptible; as, the flood
<i>decreases</i>; the cold <i>decreases</i>; their affection has
<i>decreased</i>. Things commonly <i>diminish</i> by an influence
from without, or one which is apparent; as, the army was
<i>diminished</i> by disease; his property is <i>diminishing</i>
through extravagance; their affection has <i>diminished</i> since
their separation their separation. The turn of thought, however, is
often such that these words may be interchanged.</p>

<p><blockquote>The olive leaf, which certainly them told<BR>
The flood <i>decreased</i>.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Crete's ample fields <i>diminish</i> to our eye;<BR>
Before the Boreal blasts the vessels fly.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*crease"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to grow
less; to diminish gradually; as, extravagance <i>decreases</i> one's
means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That might <i>decrease</i> their present
store.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*crease"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>decrees</i>, OF.
<i>decreis</i>, fr. <i>decreistre</i>. See <u>Decrease</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A becoming less;
gradual diminution; decay; as, a <i>decrease</i> of revenue or of
strength.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The wane of the moon.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*crease"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suffering no
decrease.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It [the river] flows and flows, and yet will flow,<BR>
Volume <i>decreaseless</i> to the final hour.</blockquote> <i>A.
Seward.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*creas"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming less and
less; diminishing.</def> -- <wf>De*creas"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Decreasing series</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a series
in which each term is numerically smaller than the preceding
term.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De`cre*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Destruction;
-- opposed to <i>creation</i>.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>decre</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;cret</i>, fr. L. <i>decretum</i>, neut. <i>decretus</i>,
p. p. of <i>decernere</i> to decide; <i>de-</i> + <i>cernere</i> to
decide. See <u>Certain</u>, and cf. <u>Decreet</u>, <u>Decretal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An order from one having authority, deciding
what is to be done by a subordinate; also, a determination by one
having power, deciding what is to be done or to take place; edict,
law; authoritative ru&?;&?; decision.</def> "The <i>decrees</i> of
Venice."  <i>Sh&?;&?;&?;.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There went out a <i>decree</i> from C&aelig;sar
Augustus that all the world should be taxed.</blockquote> <i>Luke ii.
1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Poor hand, why quiverest thou at this
<i>decree</i>?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
decision, order, or sentence, given in a cause by a court of equity
or admiralty.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A determination or
judgment of an umpire on a case submitted to him.</def>
<i>Brande.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An edict or law made by a
council for regulating any business within their jurisdiction; as,
the <i>decrees</i> of ecclesiastical councils.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Law; regulation; edict; ordinance. See
<u>Law</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*cree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Decreed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Decreeing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To determine judicially by
authority, or by decree; to constitute by edict; to appoint by decree
or law; to determine; to order; to ordain; as, a court <i>decrees</i>
a restoration of property.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt also <i>decree</i> a thing, and it shall be
established unto thee.</blockquote> <i>Job xxii. 28.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ordain by fate.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cree"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make decrees; -
- used absolutely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Father eternal! thine is to <i>decree</i>;<BR>
Mine, both in heaven and earth to do thy will.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cree"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being decreed.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cre"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
decrees.</def>  <i>J. Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*creet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Decree</u>.]
<i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The final judgment of the Court of Session,
or of an inferior court, by which the question at issue is
decided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"re*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decrementum</i>, fr. <i>decrescere</i>. See <u>Decrease</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of becoming gradually less;
decrease; diminution; waste; loss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Twit me with the <i>decrements</i> of my
pendants.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rocks, mountains, and the other elevations of the
earth suffer a continual <i>decrement</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quantity lost by gradual diminution or
waste; -- opposed to <i>increment</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A name given by
Ha&uuml;y to the successive diminution of the layers of molecules,
applied to the faces of the primitive form, by which he supposed the
secondary forms to be produced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The quantity by which a
variable is diminished.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Equal decrement of life</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The decrease of life in a group of persons in which the assumed
law of mortality is such that of a given large number of persons, all
being now of the same age, an equal number shall die each consecutive
year.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The decrease of life in a group of
persons in which the assumed law of mortality is such that the ratio
of those dying in a year to those living through the year is
constant, being independent of the age of the persons.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*crep"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decrepitus</i>, perhaps orig., noised out, noiseless, applied to
old people, who creep about quietly; <i>de-</i> + <i>crepare</i> to
make a noise, rattle: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;cr&eacute;pit</i>. See
<u>Crepitate</u>.] <def>Broken down with age; wasted and enfeebled by
the infirmities of old age; feeble; worn out.</def> "Beggary or
<i>decrepit</i> age."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Already <i>decrepit</i> with premature old
age.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Sometimes incorrectly written <i>decrepid</i>.</p>

<p><hw>De*crep"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Decrepitated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Decrepitating</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;cr&eacute;piter</i>.] <def>To roast or calcine so as to
cause a crackling noise; as, to <i>decrepitate</i> salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*crep"i*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To crackle,
as salt in roasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*crep`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;cr&eacute;pitation</i>.] <def>The act of decrepitating; a
crackling noise, such as salt makes when roasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*crep"it*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Decrepitude.</def> [R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*crep"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;cr&eacute;pitude</i>.] <def>The broken state produced by
decay and the infirmities of age; infirm old age.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De`cres*cen"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>With decreasing volume of sound; -- a direction to
performers, either written upon the staff (abbreviated <i>Dec</i>.,
or <i>Decresc</i>.), or indicated by the sign.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cres"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decrescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>decrescere</i>. See <u>Decrease</u>.]
<def>Becoming less by gradual diminution; decreasing; as, a
<i>decrescent</i> moon.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cres"cent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A
crescent with the horns directed towards the sinister.</def>
<i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cre"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decretalis</i>, fr. <i>decretum</i>. See <u>Decree</u>.]
<def>Appertaining to a decree; containing a decree; as, a
<i>decretal</i> epistle.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cre"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>decretale</i>,
neut. of L. <i>decretalis</i>. See <u>Decretal</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>An
authoritative order or decree; especially, a letter of the pope,
determining some point or question in ecclesiastical law. The
decretals form the second part of the canon law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Canon Law)</i> <def>The collection of
ecclesiastical decrees and decisions made, by order of Gregory IX.,
in 1234, by St. Raymond of Pennafort.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*crete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>decretum</i>.
See <u>Decree</u>.] <def>A decree.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cre"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>decrescere</i>, <i>decretum</i>. See <u>Decrease</u>.] <def>A
decrease.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cre"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>decretista</i>, fr. <i>decretum</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;cr&eacute;tiste</i>. See <u>Decree</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>One who studies, or professes the
knowledge of, the decretals.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cre"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>decretum</i>. See <u>Decree</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Having
the force of a decree; determining.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The will of God is either <i>decretive</i> or
perceptive.</blockquote> <i>Bates.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dec`re*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Decretory;
authoritative.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dec"re*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
decretory or definitive manner; by decree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"re*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decretorius</i>, from <i>decretum</i>. See <u>Decree</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Established by a decree; definitive;
settled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>decretory</i> rigors of a condemning
sentence.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Serving to determine; critical.</def> "The
critical or <i>decretory</i> days."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><! p. 379 !></p>

<p><hw>De*crew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;crue</i>, <i>n.</i>, decrease, and <i>d&eacute;cru</i>,
p. p. of <i>d&eacute;cro&icirc;tre</i>. See <u>Decrease</u>, and cf.
<u>Accrue</u>.] <def>To decrease.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cri"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Decry</u>.]
<def>A crying down; a clamorous censure; condemnation by
censure.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cri"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
decries.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*crown"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive of
a crown; to discrown.</def> [R.]  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`crus*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>d&eacute;crustation</i>.] <def>The removal of a crust.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cry"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Decried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Decrying</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;crier</i>, OF. <i>descrier</i>;
pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>crier</i> to cry. See
<u>Cry</u>, and cf. <u>Descry</u>.] <def>To cry down; to censure as
faulty, mean, or worthless; to clamor against; to blame clamorously;
to discredit; to disparage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For small errors they whole plays
<i>decry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Measures which are extolled by one half of the kingdom
are naturally <i>decried</i> by the other.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Decry</u>, <u>Depreciate</u>, <u>Detract</u>,
<u>Disparage</u>.  <i>Decry</i> and <i>depreciate</i> refer to the
estimation of a thing, the former seeking to lower its value by
clamorous censure, the latter by representing it as of little worth.
<i>Detract</i> and <i>disparage</i> also refer to merit or value,
which the former assails with caviling, insinuation, etc., while the
latter willfully underrates and seeks to degrade it. Men <i>decry</i>
their rivals and <i>depreciate</i> their measures. The envious
<i>detract</i> from the merit of a good action, and <i>disparage</i>
the motives of him who performs it.</p>

<p><hw>Dec`u*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>decubare</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>cubare</i>. See <u>Decumbent</u>.]
<def>Act of lying down; decumbence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>||De*cu"bi*tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>de-</i> + <i>cubare</i>, to lie down: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;cubitus</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An attitude assumed in
lying down; as, the dorsal <i>decubitus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"u*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>decumanus</i>
of the tenth, and by metonymy, large, fr. <i>decem</i> ten.]
<def>Large; chief; -- applied to an extraordinary billow, supposed by
some to be every tenth in order. [R.] Also used substantively.</def>
"Such <i>decuman</i> billows." <i>Gauden.</i> "The baffled
<i>decuman</i>."  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*cum"bence</hw> (?), <hw>De*cum"ben*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or posture of lying down.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ancient manner of <i>decumbency</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cum"bent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decumbens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>decumbere</i>; <i>de-
</i> + <i>cumbere</i> (only in comp.), <i>cubare</i> to lie down.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lying down; prostrate; recumbent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>decumbent</i> portraiture of a
woman.</blockquote> <i>Ashmole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Reclining on the ground, as
if too weak to stand, and tending to rise at the summit or apex; as,
a <i>decumbent</i> stem.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cum"bent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
decumbent posture.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cum"bi*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Confinement to a sick bed, or time of taking
to one's bed from sickness.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Aspect of the heavens at
the time of taking to one's sick bed, by which the prognostics of
recovery or death were made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"u*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;cuple</i>, L. <i>decuplus</i>, fr. <i>decem</i> ten.]
<def>Tenfold.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dec"u*ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A number ten times
repeated.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dec"u*ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Decupled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Decupling</u> (?).] <def>To make tenfold; to multiply by
ten.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*cu"ri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>decurio</i>,
<i>decurionis</i>, fr. <i>decuria</i> a squad of ten, fr.
<i>decem</i> ten.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A head or chief over
ten; especially, an officer who commanded a division of ten
soldiers.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cu"ri*on*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decurionatus</i>, fr. <i>decurio</i>.] <def>The office of a
decurion.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cur"rence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
running down; a lapse.</def> [R.]  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cur"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decurrens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>decurrere</i> to run
down; <i>de-</i> + <i>currere</i> to run: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;current</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Extending downward; --
said of a leaf whose base extends downward and forms a wing along the
stem.</def> -- <wf>De*cur"rent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*cur"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decursio</i>, fr. <i>decurrere</i>. See <u>Decurrent</u>.] <def>A
flowing; also, a hostile incursion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cur"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;cursif</i>. See <u>Decurrent</u>.] <def>Running down;
decurrent.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cur"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
decursive manner.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Decursively pinnate</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>having
the leaflets decurrent, or running along the petiole; -- said of a
leaf.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*curt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decurtare</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>curtare</i>.] <def>To cut short; to
curtail.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`cur*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decurtatio</i>.] <def>Act of cutting short.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dec"u*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Decuries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>decuria</i>, fr. <i>decem</i>
ten.] <def>A set or squad of ten men under a decurion.</def>  <i>Sir
W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cus"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Decussated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Decussating</u>.] [L. <i>decussatus</i>, p. p. of <i>decussare</i>
to cross like an X, fr. <i>decussis</i> (orig. equiv. to <i>decem
asses</i>) the number ten, which the Romans represented by X.]
<def>To cross at an acute angle; to cut or divide in the form of X;
to intersect; -- said of lines in geometrical figures, rays of light,
nerves, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*cus"sate</hw> (?), <hw>De*cus"sa*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Crossed;
intersected.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing in pairs, each of
which is at right angles to the next pair above or below; as,
<i>decussated</i> leaves or branches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Consisting of two rising
and two falling clauses, placed in alternate opposition to each
other; as, a <i>decussated</i> period.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cus"sate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
decussate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`cus*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>decussatio</i>.] <def>Act of crossing at an acute angle, or state
of being thus crossed; an intersection in the form of an X; as, the
<i>decussation</i> of lines, nerves, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cus"sa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Intersecting at acute angles.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cus"sa*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Crosswise;
in the form of an X.</def> "Anointed <i>decussatively</i>."  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"cyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>decem</i> ten +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon radical,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>21</sub>, never existing alone, but regarded as
the characteristic constituent of a number of compounds of the
paraffin series.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Allied to, or containing, the radical decyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*dal"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>D&aelig;dalian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ded"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>D&aelig;dalous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*dans"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Court
Tennis)</i> <def>A division, at one end of a tennis court, for
spectators.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dede</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dead.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*dec"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dedecoratus</i>, p. p. of <i>dedecorare</i> to disgrace. See
<u>Decorate</u>.] <def>To bring to shame; to disgrace.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*dec`o*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dedecoratio</i>.] <def>Disgrace; dishonor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*dec"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dedecorus</i>. See <u>Decorous</u>.] <def>Disgraceful;
unbecoming.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`den*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
shedding of teeth.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ded"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dedicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>dedicare</i> to affirm, to dedicate;
<i>de-</i> + <i>dicare</i> to declare, dedicate; akin to
<i>dicere</i> to say. See <u>Diction</u>.] <def>Dedicated; set apart;
devoted; consecrated.</def> "<i>Dedicate</i> to nothing temporal."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Devoted; consecrated; addicted.</p>

<p><hw>Ded"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dedicated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dedicating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set apart and
consecrate, as to a divinity, or for sacred uses; to devote formally
and solemnly; as, to <i>dedicate</i> vessels, treasures, a temple, or
a church, to a religious use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, . . . which
also king David did <i>dedicate</i> unto the Lord.</blockquote> <i>2
Sam. viii. 10, 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have come to <i>dedicate</i> a portion of that
field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives
that that nation might live.  . . .  But in a larger sense we can not
<i>dedicate</i>, we can not consecrate, we can not hallow this
ground.</blockquote> <i>A. Lincoln.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To devote, set apart, or give up, as one's
self, to a duty or service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The profession of a soldier, to which he had
<i>dedicated</i> himself.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To inscribe or address, as to a
patron.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He complied ten elegant books, and <i>dedicated</i>
them to the Lord Burghley.</blockquote> <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Addict</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ded`i*ca*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One to whom
a thing is dedicated; -- correlative to <i>dedicator</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ded`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dedicatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of setting apart
or consecrating to a divine Being, or to a sacred use, often with
religious solemnities; solemn appropriation; as, the
<i>dedication</i> of Solomon's temple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A devoting or setting aside for any
particular purpose; as, a <i>dedication</i> of lands to public
use.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An address to a patron or friend, prefixed
to a book, testifying respect, and often recommending the work to his
special protection and favor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ded"i*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;dicateur</i>.] <def>One who dedicates; more especially,
one who inscribes a book to the favor of a patron, or to one whom he
desires to compliment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ded`i*ca*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Dedicatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ded"i*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;dicatoire</i>.] <def>Constituting or serving as a
dedication; complimental.</def> "An epistle <i>dedicatory</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ded"i*ca*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Dedication.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ded"i*mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dedimus</i>
we have given, fr. <i>dare</i> to give. So called because the writ
began, <i>Dedimus potestatem</i>, etc.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ to
commission private persons to do some act in place of a judge, as to
examine a witness, etc.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>deditio</i>,
fr. <i>dedere</i> to give away, surrender; <i>de-</i> + <i>dare</i>
to give.] <def>The act of yielding; surrender.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ded"o*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dedolens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>dedolere</i> to give over grieving; <i>de-</i> +
<i>dolere</i> to grieve.] <def>Feeling no compunction;
apathetic.</def> [R.]  <i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deduced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deducing</u>.] [L. <i>deducere</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>ducere</i> to
lead, draw. See <u>Duke</u>, and cf. <u>Deduct</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lead forth.</def> [A Latinism]</p>

<p><blockquote>He should hither <i>deduce</i> a colony.</blockquote>
<i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take away; to deduct; to subtract; as,
to <i>deduce</i> a part from the whole.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To derive or draw; to derive by logical
process; to obtain or arrive at as the result of reasoning; to
gather, as a truth or opinion, from what precedes or from premises;
to infer; -- with <i>from</i> or <i>out of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O goddess, say, shall I <i>deduce</i> my rhymes<BR>
From the dire nation in its early times?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Reasoning is nothing but the faculty of
<i>deducing</i> unknown truths from principles already
known.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>See what regard will be paid to the pedigree which
<i>deduces</i> your descent from kings and conquerors.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*duce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inference;
deduction; thing deduced.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*du`ci*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Deducibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*du"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being deduced or inferred; derivable by reasoning, as
a result or consequence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All properties of a triangle depend on, and are
<i>deducible</i> from, the complex idea of three lines including a
space.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being brought down.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As if God [were] <i>deducible</i> to human
imbecility.</blockquote> <i>State Trials (1649).</i></p>

<p><hw>De*du"ci*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being deducible; deducibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*du"ci*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
deduction.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*du"cive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That deduces;
inferential.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*duct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deducted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deducting</u>.] [L. <i>deductus</i>, p. p. of <i>deducere</i> to
deduct. See <u>Deduce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lead forth or
out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A people <i>deducted</i> out of the city of
Philippos.</blockquote> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take away, separate, or remove, in
numbering, estimating, or calculating; to subtract; -- often with
<i>from</i> or <i>out of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deduct</i> what is but vanity, or
dress.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two and a half per cent should be <i>deducted</i> out
of the pay of the foreign troops.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>deduct</i> from the computation of our years
that part of our time which is spent in . . . infancy.</blockquote>
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reduce; to diminish.</def> [Obs.] "Do
not <i>deduct</i> it to days."  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*duct"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being deducted, taken away, or
withdrawn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not one found honestly <i>deductible</i><BR>
From any use that pleased him.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deducible; consequential.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deductio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;duction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act or process of deducing or inferring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>deduction</i> of one language from
another.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This process, by which from two statements we deduce a
third, is called <i>deduction</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. R.
Seely.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Act of deducting or taking away;
subtraction; as, the <i>deduction</i> of the subtrahend from the
minuend.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is deduced or drawn from
premises by a process of reasoning; an inference; a
conclusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make fair <i>deductions</i>; see to what they
mount.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is deducted; the part taken
away; abatement; as, a <i>deduction</i> from the yearly
rent.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Induction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*duct"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>deductivus</i> derivative.] <def>Of or pertaining to deduction;
capable of being deduced from premises; deducible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All knowledge of causes is
<i>deductive</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Notions and ideas . . . used in a <i>deductive</i>
process.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*duct"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By deduction;
by way of inference; by consequence.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||De*duc"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a guide. See
<u>Deduce</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pilot whale or
blackfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*duit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;duit</i>.  Cf. <u>Deduct</u>.] <def>Delight;
pleasure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*du`pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-
</i> + <i>duplication</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The division of that
which is morphologically one organ into two or more, as the division
of an organ of a plant into a pair or cluster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dead.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>d&?;d</i>; akin to OS.
<i>d&amacr;d</i>, D. &amp; Dan. <i>daad</i>, G. <i>thai</i>, Sw.
<i>d&aring;d</i>, Goth. <i>d&?;ds</i>; fr. the root of <i>do</i>. See
<u>Do</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is done or effected by a responsible agent; an act; an action;
a thing done; -- a word of extensive application, including, whatever
is done, good or bad, great or small.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Joseph said to them, What <i>deed</i> is this
which ye have done?</blockquote> <i>Gen. xliv. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We receive the due reward of our
<i>deeds</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxiii. 41.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Would serve his kind in <i>deed</i> and
word.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Illustrious act; achievement;
exploit.</def> "Knightly <i>deeds</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose <i>deeds</i> some nobler poem shall
adorn.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Power of action; agency; efficiency.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To be, both will and <i>deed</i>, created
free.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fact; reality; -- whence we have
<i>indeed</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A sealed instrument in
writing, on paper or parchment, duly executed and delivered,
containing some transfer, bargain, or contract.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is generally applied to conveyances of real
estate, and it is the prevailing doctrine that a deed must be signed
as well as sealed, though at common law signing was formerly not
necessary.</p>

<p><col><b>Blank deed</b></col>, <cd>a printed form containing the
customary legal phraseology, with blank spaces for writing in names,
dates, boundaries, etc.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Performance; -- followed by
<i>of</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In deed</b></col>, <cd>in fact; in truth; verily. See
<u>Indeed</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Deed</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convey or transfer
by deed; as, he <i>deeded</i> all his estate to his eldest son.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Deed"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of deeds or
exploits; active; stirring.</def> [R.] "A <i>deedful</i> life."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deed"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not performing, or
not having performed, deeds or exploits; inactive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deedless</i> in his tongue.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deed" poll`</hw> (?). <i>(Law)</i> <def>A deed of one part, or
executed by only one party, and distinguished from an indenture by
having the edge of the parchment or paper cut even, or <i>polled</i>
as it was anciently termed, instead of being indented.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deed"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Industrious;
active.</def> [R.]  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deem</hw> (d&emacr;m), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deemed</u> (d&emacr;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Deeming</u>.] [OE. <i>demen</i> to judge, condemn,
AS. <i>d&emacr;man</i>, fr. <i>d&omacr;m</i> doom; akin to OFries.
<i>d&emacr;ma</i>, OS. <i>ad&omacr;mian</i>, D. <i>doemen</i>, OHG.
<i>tuommen</i>, Icel. <i>d&aelig;ma</i>, Sw. <i>d&ouml;mma</i>, Dan.
<i>d&ouml;mme</i>, Goth. <i>d&omacr;mjan</i>. See <u>Doom</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Doom</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To decide; to judge; to sentence; to
condemn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Claudius . . . Was <i>demed</i> for to hang upon a
tree.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To account; to esteem; to think; to judge;
to hold in opinion; to regard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For never can I <i>deem</i> him less him less than
god.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deem</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be of opinion; to think; to estimate; to opine; to suppose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>deemest</i> thou as those who pore,<BR>
With aged eyes, short way before?</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass judgment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deem</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Opinion; judgment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 380 !></p>

<p><hw>Deem"ster</hw> (d&emacr;m"st&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Deem</i> + <i>-ster</i>; i. e., doomster. Cf. <u>Dempster</u>.]
<def>A judge in the Isle of Man who decides controversies without
process.</def> <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deep</hw> (d&emacr;p), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Deeper</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Deepest</u> (?).] [OE. <i>dep</i>,
<i>deop</i>, AS. <i>de&oacute;p</i>; akin to D. <i>diep</i>, G.
<i>tief</i>, Icel. <i>dj&umacr;pr</i>, Sw. <i>diup</i>, Dan.
<i>dyb</i>, Goth. <i>diups</i>; fr. the root of E. <i>dip</i>,
<i>dive</i>. See <u>Dip</u>, <u>Dive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Extending far below the surface; of great perpendicular
dimension (measured from the surface downward, and distinguished from
<i>high</i>, which is measured upward); far to the bottom; having a
certain depth; as, a <i>deep</i> sea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The water where the brook is <i>deep</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extending far back from the front or outer
part; of great horizontal dimension (measured backward from the front
or nearer part, mouth, etc.); as, a <i>deep</i> cave or recess or
wound; a gallery ten seats <i>deep</i>; a company of soldiers six
files <i>deep</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shadowing squadrons <i>deep</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Safely in harbor<BR>
Is the king's ship in the <i>deep</i> nook.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Low in situation; lying far below the
general surface; as, a <i>deep</i> valley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hard to penetrate or comprehend; profound;
-- opposed to <i>shallow</i> or <i>superficial</i>; intricate;
mysterious; not obvious; obscure; as, a <i>deep</i> subject or
plot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Speculations high or <i>deep</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A question <i>deep</i> almost as the mystery of
life.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O Lord, . . . thy thoughts are very
<i>deep</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xcii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Of penetrating or far-reaching intellect;
not superficial; thoroughly skilled; sagacious; cunning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deep</i> clerks she dumbs.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Profound; thorough; complete; unmixed;
intense; heavy; heartfelt; as, <i>deep</i> distress; <i>deep</i>
melancholy; <i>deep</i> horror.</def> "<i>Deep</i> despair."
<i>Milton.</i> "<i>Deep</i> silence." <i>Milton.</i> "<i>Deep</i>
sleep." <i>Gen. ii. 21.</i> "<i>Deeper</i> darkness." <i>>Hoole.</i>
"Their <i>deep</i> poverty." <i>2 Cor. viii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An attitude of <i>deep</i> respect.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Strongly colored; dark; intense; not light
or thin; as, <i>deep</i> blue or crimson.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Of low tone; full-toned; not high or
sharp; grave; heavy.</def> "The <i>deep</i> thunder."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bass of heaven's <i>deep</i> organ.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Muddy; boggy; sandy; -- said of
roads.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ways in that vale were very
<i>deep</i>.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A deep line of operations</b></col> <i>(Military)</i>,
<cd>a long line.</cd> -- <col><b>Deep mourning</b></col>
<i>(Costume)</i>, <cd>mourning complete and strongly marked, the
garments being not only all black, but also composed of lusterless
materials and of such fashion as is identified with mourning
garments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Deep</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To a great depth; with
depth; far down; profoundly; deeply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deep</i>-versed in books, and shallow in
himself.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Drink <i>deep</i>, or taste not the Pierian
spring.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Deep</i>, in its usual adverbial senses, is often
prefixed to an adjective; as, <i>deep</i>-chested, <i>deep</i>-cut,
<i>deep</i>-seated, <i>deep</i>-toned, <i>deep</i>-voiced,
"<i>deep</i>-uddered kine."</p>

<p><hw>Deep</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is deep, especially deep water, as the sea or ocean; an abyss;
a great depth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Courage from the <i>deeps</i> of knowledge
springs.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The hollow <i>deep</i> of hell resounded.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Blue Neptune storms, the bellowing <i>deeps</i>
resound.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is profound, not easily
fathomed, or incomprehensible; a moral or spiritual depth or
abyss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy judgments are a great <i>deep</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xxxvi. 6.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Deep of night</b></col>, <cd>the most quiet or profound
part of night; dead of night.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>deep of night</i> is crept upon our
talk.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deep"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deepened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deepening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make deep or deeper; to
increase the depth of; to sink lower; as, to <i>deepen</i> a well or
a channel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It would . . . <i>deepen</i> the bed of the
Tiber.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make darker or more intense; to darken;
as, the event <i>deepened</i> the prevailing gloom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You must <i>deepen</i> your colors.</blockquote>
<i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make more poignant or affecting; to
increase in degree; as, to <i>deepen</i> grief or sorrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make more grave or low in tone; as, to
<i>deepen</i> the tones of an organ.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deepens</i> the murmur of the falling
floods.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deep"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become deeper;
as, the water <i>deepens</i> at every cast of the lead; the plot
<i>deepens</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His blood-red tresses <i>deepening</i> in the
sun.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deep"-fet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deeply fetched
or drawn.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Deep-fet</i> groans." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deep"-laid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Laid deeply;
formed with cunning and sagacity; as, <i>deep-laid</i>
plans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deep"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>At or to a great depth; far below the surface; as, to sink
<i>deeply</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Profoundly; thoroughly; not superficially;
in a high degree; intensely; as, <i>deeply</i> skilled in
ethics.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>deeply</i> offended both his nobles and
people.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He sighed <i>deeply</i> in his spirit.</blockquote>
<i>Mark viii. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Very; with a tendency to darkness of
color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>deeply</i> red juice of buckthorn
berries.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Gravely; with low or deep tone; as, a
<i>deeply</i> toned instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>With profound skill; with art or
intricacy; as, a <i>deeply</i> laid plot or intrigue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deep"-mouthed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
loud and sonorous voice.</def> "<i>Deep-mouthed</i> dogs."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deep"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being deep, profound, mysterious,
secretive, etc.; depth; profundity; -- opposed to
<i>shallowness</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Because they had no <i>deepness</i> of
earth.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Craft; insidiousness.</def> [R.] <i>J.
Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deep"-read`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Profoundly
book- learned.</def> "Great writers and <i>deep-read</i> men."
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deep"-sea`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the deeper parts of the sea; as, a <i>deep-sea</i> line
(<i>i. e.</i>, a line to take soundings at a great depth); <i>deep-
sea</i> lead; <i>deep-sea</i> soundings, explorations, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deep"-waist`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Having a deep waist, as when, in a ship, the poop and forecastle
are much elevated above the deck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deer</hw> (d&emacr;r), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>der</i>, <i>deor</i>, animal, wild animal, AS. <i>de&oacute;r</i>;
akin to D. <i>dier</i>, OFries. <i>diar</i>, G. <i>thier</i>,
<i>tier</i>, Icel. <i>d&ymacr;r</i>, Dan. <i>dyr</i>, Sw.
<i>djur</i>, Goth. <i>dius</i>; of unknown origin. &radic;71.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any animal; especially, a wild animal.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mice and rats, and such small
<i>deer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The camel, that great <i>deer</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Lindisfarne MS.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A ruminant of the
genus <i>Cervus</i>, of many species, and of related genera of the
family <i>Cervid&aelig;</i>. The males, and in some species the
females, have solid antlers, often much branched, which are shed
annually. Their flesh, for which they are hunted, is called
<i>venison</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The deer hunted in England is <i>Cervus elaphus</i>, called
also <i>stag</i> or <i>red deer</i>; the fallow deer is <i>C.
dama</i>; the common American deer is <i>C. Virginianus</i>; the
blacktailed deer of Western North America is <i>C. Columbianus</i>;
and the mule deer of the same region is <i>C. macrotis</i>. See
<u>Axis</u>, <u>Fallow deer</u>, <u>Mule deer</u>,
<u>Reindeer</u>.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Deer</i> is much used adjectively, or as the first part
of a compound; as, <i>deer</i>killer, <i>deer</i>slayer,
<i>deer</i>slaying, <i>deer</i> hunting, <i>deer</i> stealing,
<i>deer</i>like, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Deer mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the white-
footed mouse (<i>Hesperomys leucopus</i>) of America.</cd> --
<col><b>Small deer</b></col>, <cd>petty game, not worth pursuing; --
used metaphorically. (See citation from Shakespeare under the first
definition, above.)</cd> "Minor critics . . . can find leisure for
the chase of such <i>small deer</i>." <i>G. P. Marsh.</i> </p>

<p><hw>Deer"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A shrub of the blueberry group (<i>Vaccinium stamineum</i>);
also, its bitter, greenish white berry; -- called also <i>squaw
huckleberry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deer"grass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American genus (<i>Rhexia</i>) of perennial herbs, with
opposite leaves, and showy flowers (usually bright purple), with four
petals and eight stamens, -- the only genus of the order
<i>Melastomace&aelig;</i> inhabiting a temperate clime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deer"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a large and fleet breed of hounds used in hunting deer; a
staghound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deer"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Deer</i> + <i>-
let</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A chevrotain. See <u>Kanchil</u>,
and <u>Napu</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deer"-neck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A deerlike, or
thin, ill-formed neck, as of a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deer"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The skin of a
deer, or the leather which is made from it.</def> <i>Hakluyt.
Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deer"stalk`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices deerstalking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deer"stalk`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hunting of
deer on foot, by stealing upon them unawares.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deer's"-tongue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant (<i>Liatris odoratissima</i>) whose fleshy leaves give
out a fragrance compared to vanilla.</def> <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dees</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Dice.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dees</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dais.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||De*e"sis</hw> (d&esl;*&emacr;"s&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>de`hsis</grk> supplication.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>An invocation of, or address to, the Supreme
Being.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"ess</hw> (d&esl;"&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;esse</i>, fem. of <i>dieu</i> god.] <def>A goddess.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Croft.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Deev</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Hind. &amp; Pers.
Myth.)</i> <def>See <u>Dev</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*face"</hw> (d&esl;*f&amacr;s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Defaced</u> (-f&amacr;st");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Defacing</u>.] [OE.
<i>defacen</i> to disfigure, efface, OF. <i>desfacier</i>; L. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>facies</i> face. See <u>Face</u>, and cf. <u>Efface</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To destroy or mar the face or external
appearance of; to disfigure; to injure, spoil, or mar, by effacing or
obliterating important features or portions of; as, to <i>deface</i>
a monument; to <i>deface</i> an edifice; to <i>deface</i> writing; to
<i>deface</i> a note, deed, or bond; to <i>deface</i> a record.</def>
"This high face <i>defaced</i>." <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So by false learning is good sense
<i>defaced</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>d&eacute;faire</i>.] <def>To
destroy; to make null.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[Profane scoffing] doth . . . <i>deface</i> the
reverence of religion.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For all his power was utterly <i>defaste</i>
[<i>defaced</i>].</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Efface</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*face"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of defacing, or the condition of being defaced; injury
to the surface or exterior; obliteration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which mars or disfigures.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fa"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, defaces or disfigures.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De` fac"to</hw> (?). [L.] <def>Actually; in fact; in
reality; as, a king <i>de facto</i>, -- distinguished from a king
<i>de jure</i>, or by right.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;faillir</i> to fail; pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i> (L.
<i>de</i>) + <i>faillir</i>. See <u>Fail</u>, and cf.
<u>Default</u>.] <def>To cause to fail.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*fail"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;faillance</i>.] <def>Failure; miscarriage.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Possibility of <i>defailance</i> in degree or
continuance.</blockquote> <i>Comber.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fail"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Failure.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fal"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Defalcated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Defalcating</u>.] [LL. <i>defalcatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>defalcare</i> to deduct, orig., to cut off with a sickle; L.
<i>de-</i> + <i>falx</i>, <i>falcis</i>, a sickle. See
<u>Falchion</u>.] <def>To cut off; to take away or deduct a part of;
-- used chiefly of money, accounts, rents, income, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To show what may be practicably and safely
<i>defalcated</i> from them [the estimates].</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fal"cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To commit
defalcation; to embezzle money held in trust.</def> "Some partner
<i>defalcating</i>, or the like." <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`fal*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>defalcatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;falcation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lopping off; a diminution; abatement;
deficit. Specifically: Reduction of a claim by deducting a
counterclaim; set- off.</def> <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is lopped off, diminished, or
abated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An abstraction of money, etc., by an
officer or agent having it in trust; an embezzlement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Def"al*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A defaulter
or embezzler.</def> [Modern]</p>

<p><hw>De*falk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;falquer</i>. See <u>Defalcate</u>.] <def>To lop off; to
abate.</def> [Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def`a*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>diffamacioun</i>, F. <i>diffamation</i>. See <u>Defame</u>.]
<def>Act of injuring another's reputation by any slanderous
communication, written or oral; the wrong of maliciously injuring the
good name of another; slander; detraction; calumny;
aspersion.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In modern usage, written defamation bears the title of
<i>libel</i>, and oral defamation that of <i>slander</i>.
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fam"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
defamation; injurious to reputation; calumnious; slanderous; as,
<i>defamatory</i> words; <i>defamatory</i> writings.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fame"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Defamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Defaming</u>.] [OE. <i>defamen</i>, <i>diffamen</i>, from F.
<i>diffamer</i>, or OF. perh. <i>defamer</i>, fr. L. <i>diffamare</i>
(cf. <i>defamatus</i> infamous); <i>dis-</i> (in this word confused
with <i>de</i>) + <i>fama</i> a report. See <u>Fame</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To harm or destroy the good fame or
reputation of; to disgrace; especially, to speak evil of maliciously;
to dishonor by slanderous reports; to calumniate; to
asperse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render infamous; to bring into
disrepute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My guilt thy growing virtues did <i>defame</i>;<BR>
My blackness blotted thy unblemish'd name.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To charge; to accuse.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rebecca is . . . <i>defamed</i> of sorcery practiced
on the person of a noble knight.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To asperse; slander; calumniate; vilify. See
<u>Asperse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*fame"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dishonor.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fam"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who defames;
a slanderer; a detractor; a calumniator.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fam"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
defamatory manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Def"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Defamatory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*fat"i*ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Defatigate</u>.] <def>Capable of being wearied or tired out.</def>
[R.] <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fat"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>defatigatus</i>, p. p. of <i>defatigare</i>; <i>de-</i> +
<i>fatigare</i> to weary. See <u>Fatigue</u>.] <def>To weary or tire
out; to fatigue.</def> [R.] <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fat`i*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>defatigatio</i>.] <def>Weariness; fatigue.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fault"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>defaute</i>,
OF. <i>defaute</i>, <i>defalte</i>, fem., F. <i>d&eacute;faut</i>,
masc., LL. <i>defalta</i>, fr. a verb meaning, to be deficient, to
want, fail, fr. L. <i>de-</i> + <i>fallere</i> to deceive. See
<u>Fault</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A failing or failure; omission
of that which ought to be done; neglect to do what duty or law
requires; as, this evil has happened through the governor's
<i>default</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fault; offense; ill deed; wrong act;
failure in virtue or wisdom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And pardon craved for his so rash
<i>default</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Regardless of our merit or
<i>default</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A neglect of, or failure to
take, some step necessary to secure the benefit of law, as a failure
to appear in court at a day assigned, especially of the defendant in
a suit when called to make answer; also of jurors, witnesses,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In default of</b></col>, <cd>in case of failure or lack
of.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Cooks could make artificial birds and fishes <i>in
default of</i> the real ones.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To suffer a default</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to
permit an action to be called without appearing to answer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*fault"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Defaulted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Defaulting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fail in duty; to
offend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That he gainst courtesy so foully did
<i>default</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fail in fulfilling a contract,
agreement, or duty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fail to appear in court; to let a case
go by default.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fault"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To fail to perform or pay; to be guilty of neglect of; to omit;
as, to <i>default</i> a dividend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What they have <i>defaulted</i> towards him as no
king.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To call a defendant or other
party whose duty it is to be present in court, and make entry of his
default, if he fails to appear; to enter a default against.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To leave out of account; to omit.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Defaulting</i> unnecessary and partial
discourses.</blockquote> <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fault"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who makes default; one who fails to appear in court when
court when called.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who fails to perform a duty; a
delinquent; particularly, one who fails to account for public money
intrusted to his care; a peculator; a defalcator.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fea"sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>defesance</i>, fr. <i>defesant</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;faisant</i>, p.
pr. of <i>defaire</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;faire</i>, to undo. See
<u>Defeat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A defeat; an overthrow.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>After his foes' <i>defeasance</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rendering null or void.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A condition, relating to a
deed, which being performed, the deed is defeated or rendered void;
or a collateral deed, made at the same time with a feoffment, or
other conveyance, containing conditions, on the performance of which
the estate then created may be defeated.</def></p>

<p><! p. 381 !></p>

<p>&fist; Mortgages were usually made in this manner in former times,
but the modern practice is to include the conveyance and the
defeasance in the same deed.</p>

<p><hw>De*fea"sanced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Liable to defeasance; capable of being made void or
forfeited.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fea"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Defeasance</u>.] <def>Capable of being annulled or made void; as,
a <i>defeasible</i> title.</def> -- <wf>De*fea"si*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*feat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Defeated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Defeating</u>.] [From F. <i>d&eacute;fait</i>, OF. <i>desfait</i>,
p. p. ofe <i>d&eacute;faire</i>, OF. <i>desfaire</i>, to undo; L.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>facere</i> to do. See <u>Feat</u>, <u>Fact</u>, and
cf. <u>Disfashion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To undo; to
disfigure; to destroy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His unkindness may <i>defeat</i> my life.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render null and void, as a title; to
frustrate, as hope; to deprive, as of an estate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He finds himself naturally to dread a superior Being
that can <i>defeat</i> all his designs, and disappoint all his
hopes.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The escheators . . . <i>defeated</i> the right heir of
his succession.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In one instance he <i>defeated</i> his own
purpose.</blockquote> <i>A. W. Ward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To overcome or vanquish, as an army; to
check, disperse, or ruin by victory; to overthrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To resist with success; as, to
<i>defeat</i> an assault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sharp reasons to <i>defeat</i> the law.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To baffle; disappoint; frustrate.</p>

<p><hw>De*feat"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;faite</i>, fr. <i>d&eacute;faire</i>. See <u>Defeat</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An undoing or
annulling; destruction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Upon whose property and most dear life<BR>
A damned <i>defeat</i> was made.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Frustration by rendering null and void, or
by prevention of success; as, the <i>defeat</i> of a plan or
design.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An overthrow, as of an army in battle;
loss of a battle; repulse suffered; discomfiture; -- opposed to
<i>victory</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fea"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>desfaiture</i> a killing, disguising, prop., an undoing. See
<u>Defeat</u>, and cf. <u>Disfeature</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Overthrow; defeat.</def> [Obs.] "Nothing but loss in their
<i>defeature</i>." <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disfigurement; deformity.</def> [Obs.]
"Strange <i>defeatures</i> in my face." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fea"tured</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<def>Changed in features; deformed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Features when <i>defeatured</i> in the . . . way I
have described.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def"e*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>defaecatus</i>, p. p. of <i>defaecare</i> to defecate; <i>de-</i>
+ <i>faex</i>, <i>faecis</i>, dregs, lees.] <def>Freed from anything
that can pollute, as dregs, lees, etc.; refined; purified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till the soul be <i>defecate</i> from the dregs of
sense.</blockquote> <i>Bates.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def"e*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Defecated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Defecating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To clear from impurities,
as lees, dregs, etc.; to clarify; to purify; to refine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>defecate</i> the dark and muddy oil of
amber.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To free from extraneous or polluting
matter; to clear; to purify, as from that which
materializes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>defecate</i> the notion from
materiality.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Defecated</i> from all the impurities of
sense.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def"e*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become clear, pure, or free.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To void excrement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Def`e*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>defaecatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;f&eacute;cation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of separating from impurities, as
lees or dregs; purification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act or process of
voiding excrement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Def"e*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
cleanses or purifies; esp., an apparatus for removing the feculencies
of juices and sirups.</def> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>defectus</i>,
fr. <i>deficere</i>, <i>defectum</i>, to desert, fail, be wanting;
<i>de-</i> + <i>facere</i> to make, do. See <u>Fact</u>, <u>Feat</u>,
and cf. <u>Deficit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want or absence of
something necessary for completeness or perfection; deficiency; --
opposed to <i>superfluity</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Errors have been corrected, and <i>defects</i>
supplied.</blockquote> <i>Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Failing; fault; imperfection, whether
physical or moral; blemish; as, a <i>defect</i> in the ear or eye; a
<i>defect</i> in timber or iron; a <i>defect</i> of memory or
judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trust not yourself; but, your <i>defects</i> to
know,<BR>
Make use of every friend -- and every foe.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Among boys little tenderness is shown to personal
<i>defects</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deficiency; imperfection; blemish. See
<u>Fault</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*fect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fail; to become
deficient.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Defected</i> honor." <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To injure; to
damage.</def> "None can my life <i>defect</i>." [R.] <i>Troubles of
Q. Elizabeth (1639).</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fect`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Deficiency; imperfection.</def> [R.] <i>Ld. Digby. Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fect"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to
defect; imperfect.</def> [R.] "A <i>defectible</i> understanding."
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>defectio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;fection</i>. See <u>Defect</u>.]
<def>Act of abandoning a person or cause to which one is bound by
allegiance or duty, or to which one has attached himself; desertion;
failure in duty; a falling away; apostasy; backsliding.</def>
"<i>Defection</i> and falling away from God." <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The general <i>defection</i> of the whole
realm.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fec"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
advocates or encourages defection.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fec"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
defects; imperfect.</def> [Obs.] "Some one <i>defectious</i> piece."
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>defectivus</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;fectif</i>. See <u>Defect</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in something; incomplete; lacking a
part; deficient; imperfect; faulty; -- applied either to natural or
moral qualities; as, a <i>defective</i> limb; <i>defective</i>
timber; a <i>defective</i> copy or account; a <i>defective</i>
character; <i>defective</i> rules.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Lacking some of the usual
forms of declension or conjugation; as, a <i>defective</i> noun or
verb.</def> -- <wf>De*fect"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*fect"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*fec`tu*os"i*ty</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;fectuosit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Great imperfection.</def>
[Obs.] <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fec"tu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;fectueux</i>.] <def>Full of defects; imperfect.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def`e*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>defoedare</i>, <i>defoedatum</i>, to defile; <i>de-</i> +
<i>foedare</i> to foul, <i>foedus</i> foul.] <def>The act of making
foul; pollution.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*fence"</hw> (d&esl;*f&ebreve;ns"), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.
t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Defense</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fend"</hw> (d&esl;*f&ebreve;nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Defended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Defending</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;fendre</i>, L.
<i>defendere</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>fendere</i> (only in comp.) to
strike; perh. akin to Gr. <grk>qei`nein</grk> to strike, and E.
<i>dint</i>. Cf. <u>Dint</u>, <u>Defense</u>, <u>Fend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ward or fend off; to drive back or away;
to repel.</def> [A Latinism &amp; Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Th' other strove for to <i>defend</i><BR>
The force of Vulcan with his might and main.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prohibit; to forbid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which God <i>defend</i> that I should wring from
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To repel danger or harm from; to protect;
to secure against attack; to maintain against force or argument; to
uphold; to guard; as, to <i>defend</i> a town; to <i>defend</i> a
cause; to <i>defend</i> character; to <i>defend</i> the absent; --
sometimes followed by <i>from</i> or <i>against</i>; as, to
<i>defend</i> one's self <i>from</i>, or <i>against</i>, one's
enemies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lord mayor craves aid . . . to <i>defend</i> the
city.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>defend</i> the right!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A village near it was <i>defended</i> by the
river.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law.)</i> <def>To deny the right of the
plaintiff in regard to (the suit, or the wrong charged); to oppose or
resist, as a claim at law; to contest, as a suit.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Defend</u>, <u>Protect</u>.  To <i>defend</i>
is literally to ward off; to <i>protect</i> is to cover so as to
secure against approaching danger. We <i>defend</i> those who are
attacked; we <i>protect</i> those who are liable to injury or
invasion. A fortress is <i>defended</i> by its guns, and
<i>protected</i> by its wall.</p>

<p><blockquote>As birds flying, so will the Lord of hosts
<i>defend</i> Jerusalem; <i>defending</i> also he will deliver
it.</blockquote> <i>Is. xxxi. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Leave not the faithful side<BR>
That gave thee being, still shades thee and
<i>protects</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fend"a*ble</hw> (d&esl;*f&ebreve;nd"&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>d&eacute;fendable</i>.] <def>Capable
of being defended; defensible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*fend"ant</hw> (a<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;fendant</i>, p. pr. of <i>d&eacute;fendre</i>. See
<u>Defend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving, or suitable, for
defense; defensive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With men of courage and with means
<i>defendant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Making defense.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fend"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who defends; a defender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rampiers and ditches which the <i>defendants</i>
had cast up.</blockquote> <i>Spotswood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person required to make
answer in an action or suit; -- opposed to <i>plaintiff</i>.</def>
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term is applied to any party of whom a demand is made
in court, whether the party denies and defends the claim, or admits
it, and suffers a default; also to a party charged with a criminal
offense.</p>

<p><hw>De`fen*dee"</hw> (d&esl;`f&ebreve;n*d&emacr;" <i>or</i>
d&esl;*f&ebreve;nd"&emacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
defended.</def> [R. &amp; Ludicrous]</p>

<p><hw>De*fend"er</hw> (d&esl;*f&ebreve;nd"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Fender</u>.] <def>One who defends; one
who maintains, supports, protects, or vindicates; a champion; an
advocate; a vindicator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Provinces . . . left without their ancient and
puissant <i>defenders</i>.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fend"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
defender.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Defendress</i> of the faith.</blockquote>
<i>Stow.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fen"sa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>defensare</i>, <i>defensatum</i>, to defend diligently, intens. of
<i>defendere</i>. See <u>Defend</u>.] <def>That which serves to
protect or defend.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*fense"</hw>, <hw>De*fence"</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;fense</i>, OF. <i>defense</i>,
fem., <i>defens</i>, masc., fr. L. <i>defensa</i> (cf. LL.
<i>defensum</i>), from <i>defendere</i>. See <u>Defend</u>, and cf.
<u>Fence</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of defending, or the
state of being defended; protection, as from violence or
danger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In cases of <i>defense</i> 't is best to weigh<BR>
The enemy more mighty than he seems.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which defends or protects; anything
employed to oppose attack, ward off violence or danger, or maintain
security; a guard; a protection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>War would arise in <i>defense</i> of the
right.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God, the widow's champion and
<i>defense</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Protecting plea; vindication;
justification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men, brethren, and fathers, hear ye my
<i>defense</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The defendant's answer or
plea; an opposing or denial of the truth or validity of the
plaintiff's or prosecutor's case; the method of proceeding adopted by
the defendant to protect himself against the plaintiff's
action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Act or skill in making defense; defensive
plan or policy; practice in self defense, as in fencing, boxing,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of great <i>defense</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By how much <i>defense</i> is better than no
skill.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Prohibition; a prohibitory
ordinance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Severe <i>defenses</i> . . . against wearing any linen
under a certain breadth.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fense"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with
defenses; to fortify.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>defence</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Better manned and more strongly
<i>defensed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fense"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
defense; unprepared to resist attack; unable to oppose;
unprotected.</def> -- <wf>De*fense"less*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>De*fense"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*fens"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;fenseur</i>, L. <i>defensor</i>. Cf. <u>Defensor</u>.]
<def>Defender.</def> [Obs.] <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fen`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being defended.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;fensable</i>, LL. <i>defensabilis</i>,
<i>defensibilis</i>. See <u>Defense</u>, and cf. <u>Defendable</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being defended; as, a
<i>defensible</i> city, or a <i>defensible</i> cause.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of offering defense.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fen"si*ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being defended; defensibility.</def>
<i>Priestley.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;fensif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving to defend or
protect; proper for defense; opposed to <i>offensive</i>; as,
<i>defensive</i> armor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A moat <i>defensive</i> to a house.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Carried on by resisting attack or
aggression; -- opposed to <i>offensive</i>; as, <i>defensive</i>
war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a state or posture of defense.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fen"sive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
defends; a safeguard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wars preventive, upon just fears, are true
<i>defensives</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be on the defensive</b></col>, <col><b>To stand on the
defensive</b></col>, <cd>to be or stand in a state or posture of
defense or resistance, in opposition to aggression or
attack.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*fen"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>On the
defensive.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fen"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Defenser</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A defender.</def>
<i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A defender or an advocate in
court; a guardian or protector.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The patron of a church; an
officer having charge of the temporal affairs of a church.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fen"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>defensorius</i>.] <def>Tending to defend; defensive; as,
<i>defensory</i> preparations.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deferred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deferring</u>.] [OE. <i>differren</i>, F. <i>diff&eacute;rer</i>,
fr. L. <i>differre</i> to delay, bear different ways; <i>dis-</i> +
<i>ferre</i> to bear. See <u>Bear</u> to support, and cf.
<u>Differ</u>, <u>Defer</u> to offer.] <def>To put off; to postpone
to a future time; to delay the execution of; to delay; to
withhold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Defer</i> the spoil of the city until
night.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . will not long <i>defer</i><BR>
To vindicate the glory of his name.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To put off; to
delay to act; to wait.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pius was able to <i>defer</i> and temporize at
leisure.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;f&eacute;rer</i> to pay deference, to yield, to bring
before a judge, fr. L. <i>deferre</i> to bring down; <i>de-</i> +
<i>ferre</i> to bear. See <u>Bear</u> to support, and cf.
<u>Defer</u> to delay, <u>Delate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
render or offer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Worship <i>deferred</i> to the Virgin.</blockquote>
<i>Brevint.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay before; to submit in a respectful
manner; to refer; -- with <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hereupon the commissioners . . . <i>deferred</i> the
matter to the Earl of Northumberland.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To yield deference
to the wishes of another; to submit to the opinion of another, or to
authority; -- with <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The house, <i>deferring</i> to legal right,
acquiesced.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def"er*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;f&eacute;rence</i>. See 3d <u>Defer</u>.] <def>A yielding
of judgment or preference from respect to the wishes or opinion of
another; submission in opinion; regard; respect;
complaisance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deference</i> to the authority of thoughtful and
sagacious men.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deference</i> is the most complicate, the most
indirect, and the most elegant of all compliments.</blockquote>
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Deference</u>, <u>Reverence</u>, <u>Respect</u>.
<i>Deference</i> marks an inclination to yield one's opinion, and to
acquiesce in the sentiments of another in preference to one's own.
<i>Respect</i> marks the estimation that we have for another, which
makes us look to him as worthy of high confidence for the qualities
of his mind and heart. <i>Reverence</i> denotes a mingling of fear
with a high degree of respect and esteem. Age, rank, dignity, and
personal merit call for <i>deference</i>; <i>respect</i> should be
paid to the wise and good; <i>reverence</i> is due to God, to the
authors of our being, and to the sanctity of the laws.</p>

<p><hw>Def"er*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>deferens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>deferre</i>. See 3d <u>Defer</u>.] <def>Serving to
carry; bearing.</def> [R.] "Bodies <i>deferent</i>."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def"er*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which carries or conveys.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though air be the most favorable <i>deferent</i> of
sounds.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ptolemaic Astron.)</i> <def>An imaginary
circle surrounding the earth, in whose periphery either the heavenly
body or the center of the heavenly body's epicycle was supposed to be
carried round.</def></p>

<p><hw>Def`er*en"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Deference</u>.] <def>Expressing deference; accustomed to
defer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Def`er*en"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
deference.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fer"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Defer</u>.] <def>The act of delaying; postponement.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My grief, joined with the instant business,<BR>
Begs a <i>deferment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fer"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who defers
or puts off.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>De`fer*ves"cence</hw> (?), <hw>De`fer*ves"cency</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>defervescere</i> to grow cool.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A subsiding from a state of ebullition; loss
of heat; lukewarmness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>defervescency</i> in holy actions.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The subsidence of a febrile
process; as, the stage of <i>defervescence</i> in
pneumonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*feu"dal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of the feudal character or form.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fi"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>defiance</i>, <i>desfiance</i>, challenge, fr. <i>desfier</i> to
challenge, F. <i>d&eacute;fier</i>. See <u>Defy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of defying, putting in opposition, or
provoking to combat; a challenge; a provocation; a summons to
combat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A war without a just <i>defiance</i>
made.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Stood for her cause, and flung <i>defiance</i>
down.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of opposition; willingness to
flight; disposition to resist; contempt of opposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He breathed <i>defiance</i> to my ears.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A casting aside; renunciation;
rejection.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Defiance</i> to thy kindness."
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To bid defiance</b></col>, <col><b>To set at
defiance</b></col>, <cd>to defy; to disregard recklessly or
contemptuously.</cd> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fi"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;fiant</i>, p. pr. of <i>d&eacute;fier</i>. See
<u>Defy</u>.] <def>Full of defiance; bold; insolent; as, a
<i>defiant</i> spirit or act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In attitude stern and <i>defiant</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>De*fi"ant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*fi"ant*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 382 !></p>

<p><hw>De*fi"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Defy</u>.] <def>Bidding or manifesting defiance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shelford.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fi"bri*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of fibrin, as fresh blood or lymph by stirring with
twigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fi`bri*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of depriving of fibrin.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fi"bri*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
defibrinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fi"cience</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Deficiency</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou in thyself art perfect, and in thee<BR>
Is no <i>deficience</i> found.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fi"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Deficiencies</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Deficient</u>.] <def>The
state of being deficient; inadequacy; want; failure; imperfection;
shortcoming; defect.</def> "A <i>deficiency</i> of blood."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Marlborough] was so miserably ignorant, that his
<i>deficiencies</i> made him the ridicule of his
contemporaries.</blockquote> <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Deficiency of a curve</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the
amount by which the number of double points on a curve is short of
the maximum for curves of the same degree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deficiens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>deficere</i> to be
wanting. See <u>Defect</u>.] <def>Wanting, to make up completeness;
wanting, as regards a requirement; not sufficient; inadequate;
defective; imperfect; incomplete; lacking; as, <i>deficient</i>
parts; <i>deficient</i> estate; <i>deficient</i> strength;
<i>deficient</i> in judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The style was indeed <i>deficient</i> in ease and
variety.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Deficient number</b></col>. <i>(Arith.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Abundant</u>.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>De*fi"cient-ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Def"i*cit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Lit., <i>it is
wanting</i>, 3d person pres. indic. of L. <i>deficere</i>, cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;ficit</i>. See <u>Defect</u>.] <def>Deficiency in amount
or quality; a falling short; lack; as, a <i>deficit</i> in taxes,
revenue, etc.</def> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fi"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Defy</u>.]
<def>One who dares and defies; a contemner; as, a <i>defier</i> of
the laws.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fig`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disfiguration; mutilation.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fig"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-</i>
(intens.) + <i>figure</i>.] <def>To delineate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These two stones as they are here
<i>defigured</i>.</blockquote> <i>Weever.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`fi*lade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Defiladed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Defilading</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>d&eacute;filer</i> to defile, and
<i>d&eacute;filade</i> act of defiling. See 1st <u>Defile</u>.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To raise, as a rampart, so as to shelter interior
works commanded from some higher point.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`fi*lad"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>The art or act of determining the directions and heights of the
lines of rampart with reference to the protection of the interior
from exposure to an enemy's fire from any point within range, or from
any works which may be erected.</def> <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*file"</hw> (d&esl;*f&imacr;l"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Defiled</u> (-f&imacr;ld");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Defiling</u>.] [F.
<i>d&eacute;filer</i>; pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i>, for <i>des-</i> (L.
<i>dis-</i>) + <i>file</i> a row or line. See <u>File</u> a row.]
<def>To march off in a line, file by file; to file off.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*file"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Defilade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*file"</hw> (d&esl;*f&imacr;l" <i>or</i> d&emacr;"f&imacr;l;
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>d&eacute;fil&eacute;</i>, fr.
<i>d&eacute;filer</i> to defile.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any narrow
passage or gorge in which troops can march only in a file, or with a
narrow front; a long, narrow pass between hills, rocks,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The act of defilading a
fortress, or of raising the exterior works in order to protect the
interior. See <u>Defilade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*file"</hw> (d&esl;*f&imacr;l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>defoulen</i>, <i>-foilen</i>, to tread down, OF.
<i>defouler</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>fouler</i> to trample (see
<u>Full</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>), and OE. <i>defoulen</i> to
foul (influenced in form by the older verb <i>defoilen</i>). See
<u>File</u> to defile, <u>Foul</u>, <u>Defoul</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make foul or impure; to make filthy; to
dirty; to befoul; to pollute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that touch pitch will be
<i>defiled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To soil or sully; to tarnish, as
reputation; to taint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is . . . among the greatest prelates of this age,
however his character may be <i>defiled</i> by . . . dirty
hands.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To injure in purity of character; to
corrupt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Defile</i> not yourselves with the idols of
Egypt.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xx. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To corrupt the chastity of; to debauch; to
violate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The husband murder'd and the wife
<i>defiled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make ceremonially unclean; to
pollute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which dieth of itself, or is torn with beasts, he
shall not eat to <i>defile</i> therewith.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xxii.
8.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*file"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;filement</i>. See <u>Defile</u>] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The
protection of the interior walls of a fortification from an
enfilading fire, as by covering them, or by a high parapet on the
exposed side.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*file"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 3d
<u>Defile</u>.] <def>The act of defiling, or state of being defiled,
whether physically or morally; pollution; foulness; dirtiness;
uncleanness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Defilements</i> of the flesh.</blockquote>
<i>Hopkins.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The chaste can not rake into such filth without danger
of <i>defilement</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who defiles;
one who corrupts or violates; that which pollutes.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fil`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>de-</i>
+ <i>filius</i> son.] <def>Abstraction of a child from its
parents.</def> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fin"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Define</u>.] <def>Capable of being defined, limited, or explained;
determinable; describable by definition; ascertainable; as,
<i>definable</i> limits; <i>definable</i> distinctions or
regulations; <i>definable</i> words.</def> -- <wf>De*fin"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*fine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Defined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Defining</u>.] [OE. <i>definer</i>, usually, to end, to finish, F.
<i>d&eacute;finir</i> to define, L. <i>definire</i> to limit, define;
<i>de-</i> + <i>finire</i> to limit, end, <i>finis</i> boundary,
limit, end. See <u>Final</u>, <u>Finish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To fix the bounds of; to bring to a termination; to end.</def>
"To <i>define</i> controversies." <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To determine or clearly exhibit the
boundaries of; to mark the limits of; as, to <i>define</i> the extent
of a kingdom or country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To determine with precision; to mark out
with distinctness; to ascertain or exhibit clearly; as, the
<i>defining</i> power of an optical instrument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rings . . . very distinct and well
<i>defined</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To determine the precise signification of;
to fix the meaning of; to describe accurately; to explain; to expound
or interpret; as, to <i>define</i> a word, a phrase, or a scientific
term.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>define</i> virtue to be life ordered according
to nature.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To determine;
to decide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*fine"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
defining; definition; description.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who defines
or explains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Def"i*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>definitis</i>, p. p. of <i>definire</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;fini</i>. See <u>Define</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having certain or distinct; determinate in extent or greatness;
limited; fixed; as, <i>definite</i> dimensions; a <i>definite</i>
measure; a <i>definite</i> period or interval.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Elements combine in <i>definite</i>
proportions.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having certain limits in signification;
determinate; certain; precise; fixed; exact; clear; as, a
<i>definite</i> word, term, or expression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Determined; resolved.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Serving to define or restrict; limiting;
determining; as, the <i>definite</i> article.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Definite article</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>the article
<i>the</i>, which is used to designate a particular person or thing,
or a particular class of persons or things; -- also called a
<i>definitive</i>. See <u>Definitive</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -
- <col><b>Definite inflorescence</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Determinate inflorescence</i>, under <u>Determinate</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Law of definite proportions</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
essential law of chemical combination that every definite compound
always contains the same elements in the same proportions by weight;
and, if two or more elements form more than one compound with each
other, the relative proportions of each are fixed. Compare <i>Law of
multiple proportions</i>, under <u>Multiple</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Def"i*nite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thing defined or
determined.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Def"i*nite*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a definite
manner; with precision; precisely; determinately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Def"i*nite*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being definite; determinateness; precision; certainty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Def`i*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>definitio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;finition</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of defining; determination of the
limits; as, a telescope accurate in <i>definition</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Act of ascertaining and explaining the
signification; a description of a thing by its properties; an
explanation of the meaning of a word or term; as, the
<i>definition</i> of "circle;" the <i>definition</i> of "wit;" an
exact <i>definition</i>; a loose <i>definition</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Definition</i> being nothing but making another
understand by words what the term defined stands for.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Description; sort.</def> [R.] "A new
creature of another <i>definition</i>." <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>An exact enunciation of the
constituents which make up the logical essence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Distinctness or clearness,
as of an image formed by an optical instrument; precision in
detail.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Definition</u>, <u>Explanation</u>,
<u>Description</u>.  A <i>definition</i> is designed to settle a
thing in its compass and extent; an <i>explanation</i> is intended to
remove some obscurity or misunderstanding, and is therefore more
extended and minute; a <i>description</i> enters into striking
particulars with a view to interest or impress by graphic effect. It
is not therefore true, though often said, that <i>description</i> is
only an extended <i>definition</i>. "Logicians distinguish
<i>definitions</i> into <i>essential</i> and <i>accidental</i>. An
<i>essential definition</i> states what are regarded as the
constituent parts of the essence of that which is to be defined; and
an <i>accidental definition</i> lays down what are regarded as
circumstances belonging to it, viz., properties or accidents, such as
causes, effects, etc." <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def`i*ni"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to definition; of the nature of a definition; employed in
defining.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fin"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>definitivus</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;finitif</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Determinate; positive; final; conclusive;
unconditional; express.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A strict and <i>definitive</i> truth.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>definitive</i> . . . scheme of
reconciliation.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Limiting; determining; as, a
<i>definitive</i> word.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Determined; resolved.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fin"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A
word used to define or limit the extent of the signification of a
common noun, such as the definite article, and some
pronouns.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Definitives</i> . . . are commonly called by grammarians
<i>articles</i>. . . . They are of two kinds, either those properly
and strictly so called, or else pronominal articles, such as
<i>this</i>, <i>that</i>, <i>any</i>, <i>other</i>, <i>some</i>,
<i>all</i>, <i>no</i>, <i>none</i>, etc. <i>Harris (Hermes).</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fin"i*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
definitive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fin"i*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being definitive.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fin"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Definiteness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Definitude</i> . . . is a knowledge of minute
differences.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>defixus</i>,
p. p. of <i>defigere</i> to fix; <i>de-</i> + <i>figere</i> to fix.]
<def>To fix; to fasten; to establish.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>defix</i>
their princely seat . . . in that extreme province."
<i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def`la*gra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The state or quality of being
deflagrable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ready <i>deflagrability</i> . . . of
saltpeter.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fla"gra*ble</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Deflagrate</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Burning with a sudden and
sparkling combustion, as niter; hence, slightly explosive; liable to
snap and crackle when heated, as salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Def"la*grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deflagrated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deflagrating</u>.] [L. <i>deflagratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>deflagrare</i> to burn up; <i>de-</i> + <i>flagrare</i> to flame,
burn.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To burn with a sudden and sparkling
combustion, as niter; also, to snap and crackle with slight
explosions when heated, as salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Def"la*grate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To cause to burn with sudden and sparkling combustion, as by the
action of intense heat; to burn or vaporize suddenly; as, to
<i>deflagrate</i> refractory metals in the oxyhydrogen
flame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Def`la*gra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deflagratio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;flagration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A burning up; conflagration.</def>
"Innumerable deluges and <i>deflagrations</i>." <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of
deflagrating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Def"la*gra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A form of the voltaic battery having large plates, used for
producing rapid and powerful combustion.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*flate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-</i>
down + L. <i>flare</i>, <i>flatus</i> to blow.] <def>To reduce from
an inflated condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*flect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deflected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deflecting</u>.] [L. <i>deflectere</i>; <i>de-</i> +
<i>flectere</i> to bend or turn. See <u>Flexible</u>.] <def>To cause
to turn aside; to bend; as, rays of light are often
<i>deflected</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sitting with their knees <i>deflected</i> under
them.</blockquote> <i>Lord (1630).</i></p>

<p><hw>De*flect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn aside; to
deviate from a right or a horizontal line, or from a proper position,
course or direction; to swerve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At some part of the Azores, the needle
<i>deflecteth</i> not, but lieth in the true meridian.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>deflect</i> from the line of truth and
reason.</blockquote> <i>Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*flect"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being deflected.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*flect"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Turned aside; deviating from a direct line or course.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bent downward; deflexed.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*flec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deflexio</i>, fr. <i>deflectere</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;flexion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of turning
aside, or state of being turned aside; a turning from a right line or
proper course; a bending, esp. downward; deviation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The other leads to the same point, through certain
<i>deflections</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lowth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gunnery)</i> <def>The deviation of a shot
or ball from its true course.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A deviation of the rays of
light toward the surface of an opaque body; inflection;
diffraction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>The bending which a beam
or girder undergoes from its own weight or by reason of a
load.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*flec`tion*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of freeing from inflections.</def> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*flec"tion*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
free from inflections.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deflectionized</i> languages are said to be
analytic.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*flect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
deflection.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Deflective forces</b></col>, <cd>forces that cause a body
to deviate from its course.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*flect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i>
<def>That which deflects, as a diaphragm in a furnace, or a cone in a
lamp (to deflect and mingle air and gases and help
combustion).</def></p>

<p><hw>De*flexed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bent abruptly
downward.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*flex"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Deflection</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*flex"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>deflectere</i>, <i>deflexum</i>. See <u>Deflect</u>.] <def>A
bending or turning aside; deflection.</def> <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*flo"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>defloratus</i>, p. p. of <i>deflorare</i>. See <u>Deflour</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Past the flowering state; having shed its
pollen.</def> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def`lo*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>defloratio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;floration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of deflouring; as, the
<i>defloration</i> of a virgin.</def> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is chosen as the flower or
choicest part; careful culling or selection.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The laws of Normandy are, in a great measure, the
<i>defloration</i> of the English laws.</blockquote> <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*flour"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Defloured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deflouring</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;florer</i>, LL. <i>deflorare</i>;
L. <i>de-</i> + <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower. See
<u>Flower</u>, and cf. <u>Deflorate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
deprive of flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take away the prime beauty and grace
of; to rob of the choicest ornament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He died innocent and before the sweetness of his soul
was <i>defloured</i> and ravished from him.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of virginity, as a woman; to
violate; to ravish; also, to seduce.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*flour"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
deflours; a ravisher.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*flow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-</i> +
<i>flow</i>: cf. L. <i>defluere</i>.] <def>To flow down.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*flow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-</i>
+ <i>flower</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Deflour</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An earthquake . . . <i>deflowering</i> the
gardens.</blockquote> <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man had <i>deflowered</i> a virgin.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*flow"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Deflourer</u>.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def"lu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>defluus</i>,
fr. <i>defluere</i> to flow down; <i>de-</i> + <i>fluere</i> to
flow.] <def>Flowing down; falling off.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*flux"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>defluxus</i>,
fr. <i>defluere</i>, <i>defluxum</i>.] <def>Downward flow.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*flux"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>defluxio</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A discharge or flowing of humors
or fluid matter, as from the nose in catarrh; -- sometimes used
synonymously with <i>inflammation</i>.</def> <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Deftly.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def`&oelig;*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Defedation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>De*fo"li*ate</hw> (?), <hw>De*fo"li*a`ted</hw> (?). }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deprived of leaves, as by their natural
fall.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fo`li*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>defoliare</i>, <i>defoliatum</i>, to shed leaves; L. <i>de-</i> +
<i>folium</i> leaf: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;foliation</i>.] <def>The
separation of ripened leaves from a branch or stem; the falling or
shedding of the leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*force"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deforced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deforcing</u>.] [OF. <i>deforcier</i>; <i>de-</i> or <i>des-</i>
(L. <i>de</i> or <i>dis-</i>) + <i>forcier</i>, F. <i>forcer</i>. See
<u>Force</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>To keep from the rightful owner; to withhold wrongfully the
possession of, as of lands or a freehold.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>To resist the execution of the law; to oppose
by force, as an officer in the execution of his duty.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*force"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.]
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A keeping out by force or
wrong; a wrongful withholding, as of lands or tenements, to which
another has a right.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Scots Law)</i>
<def>Resistance to an officer in the execution of law.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*force"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Deforciant</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*for"ciant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>deforciant</i>, p. pr. of <i>deforcier</i>. See <u>Deforce</u>.]
<i>(Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who keeps out of
possession the rightful owner of an estate.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One against whom a fictitious action of fine was brought.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*for`ci*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Deforcement</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><! p. 383 !></p>

<p><hw>De*for"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clear of
forests; to disforest.</def> <i>U. S. Agric. Reports.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deformed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deforming</u>.] [L. <i>deformare</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>formare</i>
to form, shape, fr. <i>forma</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;former</i>. See
<u>Form</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To spoil the form of; to mar in
form; to misshape; to disfigure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deformed</i>, unfinished, sent before my time<BR>
Into this breathing world.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render displeasing; to deprive of
comeliness, grace, or perfection; to dishonor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Above those passions that this world
<i>deform</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*form"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>deformis</i>;
<i>de-</i> + <i>forma</i> form: cf. OF. <i>deforme</i>, F.
<i>difforme</i>. Cf. <u>Difform</u>.] <def>Deformed; misshapen;
shapeless; horrid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sight so <i>deform</i> what heart of rock could
long<BR>
Dry-eyed behold?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Def`or*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deformatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;formation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of deforming, or state of anything
deformed.</def> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Transformation; change of shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*formed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unnatural or
distorted in form; having a deformity; misshapen; disfigured; as, a
<i>deformed</i> person; a <i>deformed</i> head.</def> --
<wf>De*form"ed*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*form"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*form"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
deforms.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*form"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Deformities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>deformitas</i>, fr.
<i>deformis</i>: cf. OF. <i>deformet&eacute;</i>,
<i>deformit&eacute;</i>, F. <i>difformit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Deform</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Disformity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being
deformed; want of proper form or symmetry; any unnatural form or
shape; distortion; irregularity of shape or features;
ugliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make an envious mountain on my back,<BR>
Where sits <i>deformity</i> to mock my body.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that destroys beauty, grace, or
propriety; irregularity; absurdity; gross deviation from order or the
established laws of propriety; as, <i>deformity</i> in an edifice;
<i>deformity</i> of character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Confounded, that her Maker's eyes<BR>
Should look so near upon her foul <i>deformities</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fors"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Deforce</u>.] [Written also <i>deforsor</i>.] <def>A
deforciant.</def> [Obs.] <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*foul"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Defile</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tread down.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make foul; to defile.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fraud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Defrauded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Defrauding</u>.] [L. <i>defraudare</i>; <i>de-</i> +
<i>fraudare</i> to cheat, fr. <i>fraus</i>, <i>fraudis</i>, fraud:
cf. OF. <i>defrauder</i>. See <u>Fraud</u>.] <def>To deprive of some
right, interest, or property, by a deceitful device; to withhold from
wrongfully; to injure by embezzlement; to cheat; to overreach; as, to
<i>defraud</i> a servant, or a creditor, or the state; -- with
<i>of</i> before the thing taken or withheld.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have <i>defrauded</i> no man.</blockquote> <i>2
Cor. vii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Churches seem injured and <i>defrauded</i> of their
rights.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`frau*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>defraudatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;fraudation</i>.] <def>The act
of defrauding; a taking by fraud.</def> [R.] <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fraud"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
defrauds; a cheat; an embezzler; a peculator.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fraud"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>defraudement</i>.] <def>Privation by fraud; defrauding.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fray"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Defrayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Defraying</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;frayer</i>; pref. <i>d&eacute;-
</i> (L. <i>de</i> or <i>dis-</i>) + <i>frais</i> expense, fr. LL.
<i>fredum</i>, <i>fridum</i>, expense, fine by which an offender
obtained peace from his sovereign, or more likely, atoned for an
offense against the public peace, fr. OHG. <i>fridu</i> peace, G.
<i>friede</i>. See <u>Affray</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pay or
discharge; to serve in payment of; to provide for, as a charge, debt,
expenses, costs, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the discharge of his expenses, and
<i>defraying</i> his cost, he allowed him . . . four times as
much.</blockquote> <i>Usher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To avert or appease, as by paying off; to
satisfy; as, to <i>defray</i> wrath.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fray"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
defraying; payment; as, the <i>defrayal</i> of necessary
costs.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fray"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who pays
off expenses.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*fray"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Payment of
charges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deft</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>daft</i>,
<i>deft</i>, becoming, mild, gentle, stupid (cf. OE. <i>daffe</i>,
<i>deffe</i>, fool, coward), AS. <i>d&aelig;ft</i> (in derivatives
only) mild, gentle, fitting, seasonable; akin to <i>dafen</i>,
<i>gedafen</i>, becoming, fit, Goth. <i>gadaban</i> to be fit. Cf.
<u>Daft</u>, <u>Daff</u>, <u>Dapper</u>.] <def>Apt; fit; dexterous;
clever; handy; spruce; neat.</def> [Archaic or Poetic] "The
<i>deftest</i> way." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Deftest</i> feats."
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The limping god, so <i>deft</i> at his new
ministry.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me be <i>deft</i> and debonair.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deft"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Defly</u>.]
<def>Aptly; fitly; dexterously; neatly.</def> "<i>Deftly</i>
dancing." <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thyself and office <i>deftly</i> show.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deft"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
deft.</def> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*funct"</hw> (?). <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>defunctus</i>,
p. p. of <i>defungi</i> to acquit one's self of, to perform, finish,
depart, die; <i>de</i> + <i>fungi</i> to perform, discharge: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;funt</i>. See <u>Function</u>.] <def>Having finished the
course of life; dead; deceased.</def> "<i>Defunct</i> organs."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The boar, <i>defunct</i>, lay tripped up,
near.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*funct"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dead person; one
deceased.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*func"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>defunctio</i> performance, death.] <def>Death.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>After <i>defunction</i> of King
Pharamond.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*func"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Funereal.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Defunctive</i> music."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Diffuse</u>.] <def>To disorder; to make shapeless.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Defied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Defying</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;fier</i>, OF. <i>deffier</i>,
<i>desfier</i>, LL. <i>disfidare</i> to disown faith or fidelity, to
dissolve the bond of allegiance, as between the vassal and his lord;
hence, to challenge, defy; fr. L. <i>dis- </i> + <i>fides</i> faith.
See <u>Faith</u>, and cf. <u>Diffident</u>, <u>Affiance</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To renounce or dissolve all bonds of
affiance, faith, or obligation with; to reject, refuse, or
renounce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I defy the surety and the bond.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For thee I have <i>defied</i> my constant
mistress.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To provoke to combat or strife; to call
out to combat; to challenge; to dare; to brave; to set at defiance;
to treat with contempt; as, to <i>defy</i> an enemy; to <i>defy</i>
the power of a magistrate; to <i>defy</i> the arguments of an
opponent; to <i>defy</i> public opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I once again<BR>
<i>Defy</i> thee to the trial of mortal fight.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>defy</i> the enemies of our constitution to show
the contrary.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*fy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A challenge.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*gar"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Degarnished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Degarnishing</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;garnir</i>; pref.
<i>d&eacute;- </i>, <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>garnir</i> to
furnish. See <u>Garnish</u>, and cf. <u>Disgarnish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strip or deprive of entirely, as of
furniture, ornaments, etc.; to disgarnish; as, to <i>degarnish</i> a
house, etc.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of a garrison, or of troops
necessary for defense; as, to <i>degarnish</i> a city or fort.</def>
[R.] <i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*gar"nish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of depriving, as of furniture, apparatus, or a garrison.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>De*gen"der</hw> (?), <hw>De*gen"er</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [See <u>Degenerate</u>.] <def>To degenerate.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Degendering</i> to hate." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>degenereth</i> into beastliness.</blockquote>
<i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*gen"er*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Degenerate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of becoming degenerate; a growing worse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Willful <i>degeneracy</i> from goodness.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of having become degenerate;
decline in good qualities; deterioration; meanness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Degeneracy</i> of spirit in a state of
slavery.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To recover mankind out of their universal corruption
and <i>degeneracy</i>.</blockquote> <i>S. Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*gen"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>degeneratus</i>, p. p. of <i>degenerare</i> to degenerate, cause
to degenerate, fr. <i>degener</i> base, degenerate, that departs from
its race or kind; <i>de-</i> + <i>genus</i> race, kind. See
<u>Kin</u> relationship.] <def>Having become worse than one's kind,
or one's former state; having declined in worth; having lost in
goodness; deteriorated; degraded; unworthy; base; low.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Faint-hearted and <i>degenerate</i> king.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>degenerate</i> and degraded state.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Degenerate</i> from their ancient
blood.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>degenerate</i> days.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I had planted thee a noble vine . . . : how then art
thou turned into the <i>degenerate</i> plant of a strange vine unto
me?</blockquote> <i>Jer. ii. 21.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*gen"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Degenerated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Degenerating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be or
grow worse than one's kind, or than one was originally; hence, to be
inferior; to grow poorer, meaner, or more vicious; to decline in good
qualities; to deteriorate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When wit transgresseth decency, it <i>degenerates</i>
into insolence and impiety.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To fall off from the normal
quality or the healthy structure of its kind; to become of a lower
type.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*gen"er*ate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
degenerate manner; unworthily.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*gen"er*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Degeneracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*gen`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;g&eacute;n&eacute;ration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or state of growing worse, or the state of having become
worse; decline; degradation; debasement; degeneracy;
deterioration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>degeneration</i> and apostasy.</blockquote>
<i>Bates.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>That condition of a
tissue or an organ in which its vitality has become either diminished
or perverted; a substitution of a lower for a higher form of
structure; as, fatty <i>degeneration</i> of the liver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A gradual deterioration,
from natural causes, of any class of animals or plants or any
particular organ or organs; hereditary degradation of type.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The thing degenerated.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cockle, aracus, . . . and other
<i>degenerations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Amyloid degeneration</b></col>, <col><b>Caseous
degeneration</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>Amyloid</u>,
<u>Caseous</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*gen`er*a"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>A believer in the theory of degeneration, or hereditary
degradation of type; as, the <i>degenerationists</i> hold that
savagery is the result of degeneration from a superior
state.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*gen"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Undergoing or producing degeneration; tending to
degenerate.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*gen"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>degener</i>. See <u>Degenerate</u>.] <def>Degenerate; base.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Degenerous</i> passions." <i>Dryden.</i>
"<i>Degenerous</i> practices." <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*gen"er*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Basely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*glaz"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of
giving a dull or ground surface to glass by acid or by mechanical
means.</def> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*glo"ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deprived of
glory; dishonored.</def> [Obs.] "With thorns <i>degloried</i>." <i>G.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*glu"ti*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deglutinated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Deglutinating</u>.] [L. <i>deglutinatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>deglutinare</i> to deglutinate; <i>de-</i> + <i>glutinare</i> to
glue, <i>gluten</i> glue.] <def>To loosen or separate by dissolving
the glue which unties; to unglue.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*glu`ti*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of ungluing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deg`lu*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deglutire</i> to swallow down; <i>de-</i> + <i>glutire</i> to
swallow: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;glutition</i>. See <u>Glut</u>.] <def>The
act or process of swallowing food; the power of swallowing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The muscles employed in the act of
<i>deglutition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deg`lu*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to deglutition.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*glu"ti*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving
for, or aiding in, deglutition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deg`ra*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>degradatio</i>, from <i>degradare</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;gradation</i>. See <u>Degrade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of reducing in rank, character, or reputation, or of
abasing; a lowering from one's standing or rank in office or society;
diminution; as, the <i>degradation</i> of a peer, a knight, a
general, or a bishop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He saw many removes and <i>degradations</i> in all the
other offices of which he had been possessed.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being reduced in rank,
character, or reputation; baseness; moral, physical, or intellectual
degeneracy; disgrace; abasement; debasement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . <i>degradation</i> of a needy man of
letters.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Deplorable is the <i>degradation</i> of our
nature.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Moments there frequently must be, when a sinner is
sensible of the <i>degradation</i> of his state.</blockquote>
<i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Diminution or reduction of strength,
efficacy, or value; degeneration; deterioration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The development and <i>degradation</i> of the
alphabetic forms can be traced.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor (The
Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A gradual wearing down or
wasting, as of rocks and banks, by the action of water, frost
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The state or condition of a
species or group which exhibits degraded forms;
degeneration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>degradation</i> of the species man is observed
in some of its varieties.</blockquote> <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Arrest of development,
or degeneration of any organ, or of the body as a whole.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Degradation of energy</b></col>, or <col><b>Dissipation of
energy</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the transformation of energy
into some form in which it is less available for doing work.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abasement; debasement; reduction; decline.</p>

<p><hw>De*grade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Degraded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Degrading</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;grader</i>, LL. <i>degradare</i>,
fr. L. <i>de-</i> + <i>gradus</i> step, degree. See <u>Grade</u>, and
cf. <u>Degree</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce from a higher
to a lower rank or degree; to lower in rank; to deprive of office or
dignity; to strip of honors; as, to <i>degrade</i> a nobleman, or a
general officer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prynne was sentenced by the Star Chamber Court to be
<i>degraded</i> from the bar.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce in estimation, character, or
reputation; to lessen the value of; to lower the physical, moral, or
intellectual character of; to debase; to bring shame or contempt
upon; to disgrace; as, vice <i>degrades</i> a man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O miserable mankind, to what fall<BR>
<i>Degraded</i>, to what wretched state reserved!</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet time ennobles or <i>degrades</i> each
line.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her pride . . . struggled hard against this
<i>degrading</i> passion.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>To reduce in altitude or
magnitude, as hills and mountains; to wear down.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abase; demean; lower; reduce. See
<u>Abase</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*grade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To
degenerate; to pass from a higher to a lower type of structure; as, a
family of plants or animals <i>degrades</i> through this or that
genus or group of genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*grad"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Reduced in rank, character, or reputation; debased; sunken; low;
base.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Netherlands . . . were reduced practically to a
very <i>degraded</i> condition.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the typical
characters or organs in a partially developed condition, or lacking
certain parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some families of plants are <i>degraded</i>
dicotyledons.</blockquote> <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>degr&eacute;</i> step.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having steps; -- said of a cross each of whose
extremities finishes in steps growing larger as they leave the
center; -- termed also <i>on degrees</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*grade"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Deprivation
of rank or office; degradation.</def> [R.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*grad"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
degrading manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deg`ra*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>degravare</i>, <i>degravatum</i>, to make heavy. See <u>Grave</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The act of making heavy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*gree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>degr&eacute;</i>, OF. <i>degret</i>, fr. LL. <i>degradare</i>. See
<u>Degrade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A step, stair, or
staircase.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By ladders, or else by <i>degree</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a series of progressive steps
upward or downward, in quality, rank, acquirement, and the like; a
stage in progression; grade; gradation; as, <i>degrees</i> of vice
and virtue; to advance by slow <i>degrees</i>; <i>degree</i> of
comparison.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The point or step of progression to which
a person has arrived; rank or station in life; position.</def> "A
dame of high <i>degree</i>." <i>Dryden.</i> "A knight is your
<i>degree</i>." <i>Shak.</i> "Lord or lady of high <i>degree</i>."
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Measure of advancement; quality; extent;
as, tastes differ in kind as well as in <i>degree</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>degree</i> of excellence which proclaims
genius, is different in different times and different
places.</blockquote> <i>Sir. J. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Grade or rank to which scholars are
admitted by a college or university, in recognition of their
attainments; as, the <i>degree</i> of bachelor of arts, master,
doctor, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States diplomas are usually given as the
evidence of a degree conferred. In the humanities the first degree is
that of <i>bachelor of arts</i> (B. A. or A. B.); the second that of
<i>master of arts</i> (M. A. or A. M.). The degree of <i>bachelor</i>
(<i>of arts</i>, <i>science</i>, <i>divinity</i>, <i>law</i>, etc.)
is conferred upon those who complete a prescribed course of
undergraduate study. The first degree in medicine is that of
<i>doctor of medicine</i> (M. D.). The degrees of <i>master</i> and
<i>doctor</i> are sometimes conferred, in course, upon those who have
completed certain prescribed postgraduate studies, as <i>doctor of
philosophy</i> (Ph. D.); but more frequently the degree of
<i>doctor</i> is conferred as a complimentary recognition of eminent
services in science or letters, or for public services or distinction
(as <i>doctor of laws</i> (LL. D.) or <i>doctor of divinity</i> (D.
D.), when they are called <i>honorary degrees</i>. </p>

<p><blockquote>The youth attained his bachelor's <i>degree</i>, and
left the university.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Genealogy)</i> <def>A certain distance or
remove in the line of descent, determining the proximity of blood;
one remove in the chain of relationship; as, a relation in the third
or fourth <i>degree</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the 11th century an opinion began to gain ground in
Italy, that third cousins might marry, being in the seventh
<i>degree</i> according to the civil law.</blockquote>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><! p. 384 !></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>Three figures taken
together in numeration; thus, 140 is one <i>degree</i>, 222,140 two
<i>degrees</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Algebra)</i> <def>State as indicated by sum
of exponents; more particularly, the degree of a term is indicated by
the sum of the exponents of its literal factors; thus,
<i>a<sup>2</sup>b<sup>3</sup>c</i> is a term of the sixth
<i>degree</i>. The <i>degree</i> of a power, or radical, is denoted
by its index, that of an equation by the greatest sum of the
exponents of the unknown quantities in any term; thus,
<i>ax<sup>4</sup> + bx<sup>2</sup> = c</i>, and
<i>mx<sup>2</sup>y<sup>2</sup> + nyx = p</i>, are both equations of
the fourth <i>degree</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Trig.)</i> <def>A 360th part of the
circumference of a circle, which part is taken as the principal unit
of measure for arcs and angles. The degree is divided into 60 minutes
and the minute into 60 seconds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A division, space, or interval, marked on
a mathematical or other instrument, as on a thermometer.</def>
<sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A line or space of the
staff.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The short lines and their spaces are <i>added
degrees</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Accumulation of degrees</b></col>. <i>(Eng. Univ.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Accumulation</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>By
degrees</b></col>, <cd>step by step; by little and little; by
moderate advances.</cd> "I'll leave it <i>by degrees</i>."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Degree of a</b></col> <col><b>curve or
surface</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the number which expresses the
degree of the equation of the curve or surface in rectilinear
co&ouml;rdinates. A straight line will, in general, meet the curve or
surface in a number of points equal to the degree of the curve or
surface and no more.</cd> -- <col><b>Degree of latitude</b></col>
<i>(Geog.)</i>, <cd>on the earth, the distance on a meridian between
two parallels of latitude whose latitudes differ from each other by
one degree. This distance is not the same on different parts of a
meridian, on account of the flattened figure of the earth, being
68.702 statute miles at the equator, and 69.396 at the poles.</cd> --
<col><b>Degree of longitude</b></col>, <cd>the distance on a parallel
of latitude between two meridians that make an angle of one degree
with each other at the poles -- a distance which varies as the cosine
of the latitude, being at the equator 69.16 statute miles.</cd> --
<col><b>To a degree</b></col>, <cd>to an extreme; exceedingly; as,
mendacious <i>to a degree</i>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>It has been said that Scotsmen . . . are . . . grave
<i>to a degree</i> on occasions when races more favored by nature are
gladsome to excess.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||De"gu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small South American rodent (<i>Octodon
Cumingii</i>), of the family <i>Octodontid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*gust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>degustare</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;guster</i>. See <u>Gust</u> to
taste.] <def>To taste.</def> [Obs.] <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deg`us*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>degustatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;gustation</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Tasting; the appreciation of sapid qualities
by the taste organs.</def> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*hisce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dehiscere</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>hiscere</i> to gape.] <def>To gape;
to open by dehiscence.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*his"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;hiscence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
gaping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A gaping or bursting open
along a definite line of attachment or suture, without tearing, as in
the opening of pods, or the bursting of capsules at maturity so as to
emit seeds, etc.; also, the bursting open of follicles, as in the
ovaries of animals, for the expulsion of their contents.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*his"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dehiscens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;hiscent</i>.] <def>Characterized by dehiscence; opening
in some definite way, as the capsule of a plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`ho*nes"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dehonestatus</i>, p. p. of <i>dehonestare</i> to dishonor; <i>de-
</i> + <i>honestare</i> to make honorable. Cf. <u>Dishonest</u>, and
see <u>Honest</u>.] <def>To disparage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*hon`es*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dehonestatio</i>.] <def>A dishonoring; disgracing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*horn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dehorned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dehorning</u>.] <def>To deprive of horns; to prevent the growth of
the horns of (cattle) by burning their ends soon after they start.
See <u>Dishorn</u>.</def> "<i>Dehorning</i> cattle." <i>Farm Journal
(1886).</i></p>

<p><hw>||De*hors"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [F., outside.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Out of; without; foreign to; out of the agreement,
record, will, or other instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*hors"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>All
sorts of outworks in general, at a distance from the main works; any
advanced works for protection or cover.</def> <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*hort"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dehorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dehorting</u>.] [L. <i>dehortari</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>hortari</i>
to urge, exhort.] <def>To urge to abstain or refrain; to
dissuade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The apostles vehemently <i>dehort</i> us from
unbelief.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Ward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"Exhort" remains, but <i>dehort</i>, a word whose
place neither "dissuade" nor any other exactly supplies, has escaped
us.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`hor*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dehortatio</i>.] <def>Dissuasion; advice against something.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*hort"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Dissuasive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*hort"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dehortatorius</i>.] <def>Fitted or designed to dehort or
dissuade.</def> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*hort"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dissuader; an
adviser to the contrary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*hu"man*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To divest
of human qualities, such as pity, tenderness, etc.; as,
<i>dehumanizing</i> influences.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*husk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To remove the
husk from.</def> [Obs.] "Wheat <i>dehusked</i> upon the floor."
<i>Drant.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*hy"drate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To deprive of water; to render free from water; as, to
<i>dehydrate</i> alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`hy*dra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The act or process of freeing from water; also, the condition of
a body from which the water has been removed.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*hy"dro*gen*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To deprive of, or free from, hydrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*hy`dro*gen*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of freeing from hydrogen;
also, the condition resulting from the removal of hydrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>deicida</i> a
deicide (in sense 2); <i>deus</i> god + <i>c&aelig;dere</i> to cut,
kill: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;icide</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of killing a being of a divine nature; particularly, the putting to
death of Jesus Christ.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Earth profaned, yet blessed, with
<i>deicide</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One concerned in putting Christ to
death.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deic"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>deiktiko`s</grk> serving to show or point out, fr.
<grk>deikny`nai</grk> to show.] <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Direct; proving
directly; -- applied to reasoning, and opposed to <i>elenchtic</i> or
refutative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deic"tic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner to show or point out; directly; absolutely;
definitely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Christ spake it <i>deictically</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*if"ic</hw> (?), <hw>De*if"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>deificus</i>; <i>deus</i> god +
<i>facere</i> to make: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;ifique</i>.] <def>Making
divine; producing a likeness to God; god-making.</def> "A
<i>deifical</i> communion." <i>Homilies.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>deificare</i> to deify: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;ification</i>. See
<u>Deify</u>.] <def>The act of deifying; exaltation to divine honors;
apotheosis; excessive praise.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Honored or
worshiped as a deity; treated with supreme regard; godlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
deifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>deus</i> a god
+ <i>-form</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Godlike, or of a godlike
form.</def> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conformable to the will of God.</def> [R.]
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`i*for"mi*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Likeness to
deity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deifying</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;ifier</i>, LL. <i>deificare</i>,
fr. L. <i>deificus</i>. See <u>Deific</u>, <u>Deity</u>, <u>-fy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a god of; to exalt to the rank of a
deity; to enroll among the deities; to apotheosize; as, Julius
C&aelig;sar was <i>deified</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To praise or revere as a deity; to treat
as an object of supreme regard; as, to <i>deify</i> money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He did again so extol and <i>deify</i> the
pope.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To render godlike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By our own spirits are we <i>deified</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deign</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deigned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deigning</u>.] [OE. <i>deinen</i>, <i>deignen</i>, OF.
<i>degner</i>, <i>deigner</i>, <i>daigner</i>, F. <i>daigner</i>, fr.
L. <i>dignari</i> to deem worthy, deign, fr. <i>dignus</i> worthy;
akin to <i>decere</i> to be fitting. See <u>Decent</u>, and cf.
<u>Dainty</u>, <u>Dignity</u>, <u>Condign</u>, <u>Disdain</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To esteem worthy; to consider worth notice; -
- opposed to <i>disdain</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I fear my Julia would not <i>deign</i> my
lines.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To condescend to give or bestow; to stoop
to furnish; to vouchsafe; to allow; to grant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor would we <i>deign</i> him burial of his
men.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deign</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To think worthy; to
vouchsafe; to condescend; - - followed by an infinitive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>deign</i> to visit our forsaken
seats.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet not Lord Cranstone <i>deigned</i> she
greet.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Round turned he, as not <i>deigning</i><BR>
Those craven ranks to see.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>In early English <i>deign</i> was often used impersonally.</p>

<p><blockquote>Him <i>deyneth</i> not to set his foot to
ground.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deign"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For
<i>disdeignous</i>, OF. <i>desdeignos</i>, <i>desdaigneus</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;daigneux</i>. See <u>Disdain</u>.] <def>Haughty;
disdainful.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deil</hw> (d&emacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Devil; --
spelt also <i>deel</i>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Deil's buckie</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Buckie</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Dei*noc"e*ras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>See <u>Dinoceras</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dei*nor"nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>See <u>Dinornis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dei"no*saur</hw> (d&imacr;"n&osl;*s&add;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>See
<u>Dinosaur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dei`no*the"ri*um</hw>
(d&imacr;`n&osl;*th&emacr;"r&ibreve;*&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>See <u>Dinotherium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*in"te*grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deintegrare</i> to impair; <i>de-</i> + <i>integrare</i> to make
whole.] <def>To disintegrate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Dein"te*ous</hw> (?), <hw>Dein"te*vous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rare; excellent; costly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ip"a*rous</hw> (d&esl;*&ibreve;p"&adot;*r&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>deus</i> a god + <i>parere</i> to bring
forth.] <def>Bearing or bringing forth a god; -- said of the Virgin
Mary.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deip*nos"o*phist</hw>
(d&imacr;p*n&obreve;s"&osl;*f&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>deipnosofisth`s</grk>; <grk>dei^pnon</grk> a meal +
<grk>sofisth`s</grk> a wise man, sophist.] <def>One of an ancient
sect of philosophers, who cultivated learned conversation at
meals.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"is</hw> (d&emacr;"&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dais</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"ism</hw> (d&emacr;"&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deus</i> god: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;isme</i>. See <u>Deity</u>.]
<def>The doctrine or creed of a deist; the belief or system of those
who acknowledge the existence of one God, but deny
revelation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Deism</i> is the belief in natural religion only, or
those truths, in doctrine and practice, which man is to discover by
the light of reason, independent of any revelation from God. Hence,
<i>deism</i> implies infidelity, or a disbelief in the divine origin
of the Scriptures.</p>

<p><hw>De"ist</hw> (d&emacr;"&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deus</i> god: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;iste</i>. See <u>Deity</u>.]
<def>One who believes in the existence of a God, but denies revealed
religion; a freethinker.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>deist</i>, as denying a revelation, is opposed to a
Christian; as, opposed to the denier of a God, whether <i>atheist</i>
or <i>pantheist</i>, a <i>deist</i> is generally denominated
<i>theist</i>. <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Infidel</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>De*is"tic</hw> (d&esl;*&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<hw>De*is"tic*al</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
savoring of, or consisting in, deism; as, a <i>deistic</i> writer; a
<i>deistical</i> book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>deistical</i> or antichristian
scheme.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*is"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>After the
manner of deists.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*is"tic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being deistical.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"i*tate</hw> (d&emacr;"&ibreve;*t&asl;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deified.</def> [Obs.] <i>Cranmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"i*ty</hw> (d&emacr;"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Deities</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>deite</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;it&eacute;</i>, fr. L.
<i>deitas</i>, fr. <i>deus</i> a god; akin to <i>divus</i> divine,
<i>Jupiter</i>, gen. <i>Jovis</i>, Jupiter, <i>dies</i> day, Gr.
<grk>di^os</grk> divine, <grk>Zey`s</grk>, gen. <grk>Dio`s</grk>,
Zeus, Skr. <i>d&emacr;va</i> divine, as a noun, god, <i>daiva</i>
divine, <i>dy&omacr;</i> sky, day, hence, the sky personified as a
god, and to the first syllable of E. <i>Tues</i>day, Gael. &amp; Ir.
<i>dia</i> God, W. <i>duw</i>. Cf. <u>Divine</u>, <u>Journey</u>,
<u>Journal</u>, <u>Tuesday</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
collection of attributes which make up the nature of a god; divinity;
godhead; as, the <i>deity</i> of the Supreme Being is seen in his
works.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They declared with emphasis the perfect <i>deity</i>
and the perfect manhood of Christ.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A god or goddess; a heathen god.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To worship calves, the <i>deities</i><BR>
Of Egypt.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The Deity</b></col>, <cd>God, the Supreme Being.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>This great poet and philosopher [Simonides], the more
he contemplated the nature of <i>the Deity</i>, found that he waded
but the more out of his depth.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ject"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dejected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dejecting</u>.] [L. <i>dejectus</i>, p. p. of <i>dejicere</i> to
throw down; <i>de-</i> + <i>jacere</i> to throw. See <u>Jet</u> a
shooting forth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cast down.</def> [Obs. or
Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Christ <i>dejected</i> himself even unto the
hells.</blockquote> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes she <i>dejects</i> her eyes in a seeming
civility; and many mistake in her a cunning for a modest
look.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cast down the spirits of; to dispirit;
to discourage; to dishearten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor think, to die <i>dejects</i> my lofty
mind.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ject"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dejectus</i>, p.
p.] <def>Dejected.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||De*jec"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., neut. pl.
from L. <i>dejectus</i>, p. p.] <def>Excrements; as, the
<i>dejecta</i> of the sick.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ject"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cast down;
afflicted; low-spirited; sad; as, a <i>dejected</i> look or
countenance.</def> -- <wf>De*ject"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>De*ject"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*ject"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who casts
down, or dejects.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*jec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dejectio</i>
a casting down: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;jection</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A casting down; depression.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]
<i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of humbling or abasing one's
self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adoration implies submission and
<i>dejection</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lowness of spirits occasioned by grief or
misfortune; mental depression; melancholy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What besides,<BR>
Of sorrow, and <i>dejection</i>, and despair,<BR>
Our frailty can sustain, thy tidings bring.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A low condition; weakness;
inability.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>dejection</i> of appetite.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
discharge of excrement.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>F&aelig;ces;
excrement.</def> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ject"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Dejectedly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*jec"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dejector</i> a dejecter.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having power, or
tending, to cast down.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Promoting evacuations by stool.</def>
<i>Ferrand.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*jec"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which is voided; excrements.</def> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dej"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dejeratus</i>, p. p. of <i>dejerare</i> to swear; <i>de-</i> +
<i>jurare</i> to swear.] <def>To swear solemnly; to take an
oath.</def> [Obs.] <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dej`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dejeratio</i>.] <def>The act of swearing solemnly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`jeu`n&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A d&eacute;jeuner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take a <i>d&eacute;jeun&eacute;</i> of muskadel and
eggs.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`jeu`ner"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;jeuner</i> breakfast, as a verb, to breakfast. Cf.
<u>Dinner</u>.] <def>A breakfast; sometimes, also, a lunch or
collation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De` ju"re</hw> (?). [L.] <def>By right; of right; by law; --
often opposed to <i>de facto</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dek"a-</hw> (?). <i>(Metric System)</i> <def>A prefix
signifying <i>ten</i>. See <u>Deca-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dek"a*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Decagram</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dek"a*li`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Decaliter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dek"a*me`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Decameter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dek"a*stere`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Decastere</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paper Making)</i>
<def>See <u>Deckle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Deal</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Share; portion; part.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lac`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delacerare</i>, <i>delaceratum</i>, to tear in pieces. See
<u>Lacerate</u>.] <def>A tearing in pieces.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lac`ry*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delacrimatio</i>, fr. <i>delacrimare</i> to weep. See
<u>Lachrymation</u>.] <def>An involuntary discharge of watery humors
from the eyes; wateriness of the eyes.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`lac*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-
</i> + L. <i>lactare</i> to suck milk, from <i>lac</i> milk.]
<def>The act of weaning.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*laine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <i>Muslin
delaine</i>, under <u>Muslin</u>.] <def>A kind of fabric for women's
dresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lam`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Formation and separation of lamin&aelig; or layers; one of the
methods by which the various blastodermic layers of the ovum are
differentiated.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This process consists of a concentric splitting of the
cells of the blastosphere into an outer layer (epiblast) and an inner
layer (hypoblast). By the perforation of the resultant two-walled
vesicle, a gastrula results similar to that formed by the process of
invagination.</p>

<p><hw>De`lap*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Delapsion</u>.</def> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lapse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Delapsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Delapsing</u>.] [L. <i>delapsus</i>, p. p. of <i>delabi</i> to
fall down; <i>de-</i> + <i>labi</i> to fall or side.] <def>To pass
down by inheritance; to lapse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which Anne derived alone the right, before all
other,<BR>
Of the <i>delapsed</i> crown from Philip.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 385 !></p>

<p><hw>De*lap"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A falling
down, or out of place; prolapsion.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`las*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delassare</i>, <i>delassatum</i>, to tire out; <i>de-</i> +
<i>lassare</i> to tire.] <def>Fatigue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Able to continue without
<i>delassation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*late"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Delated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Delating</u>.] [L. <i>delatus</i>, used as p. p. of
<i>deferre</i>. See <u>Tolerate</u>, and cf. 3d <u>Defer</u>,
<u>Delay</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] [Obs. or Archaic]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry; to convey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Try exactly the time wherein sound is
<i>delated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry abroad; to spread; to make
public.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the crime is <i>delated</i> or
notorious.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To carry or bring against, as a charge; to
inform against; to accuse; to denounce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As men were <i>delated</i>, they were marked down for
such a fine.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To carry on; to conduct.</def>
<i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*late"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dilate.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>delatio</i>
accusation: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;lation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Conveyance.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>delation</i> of sounds, the inclosure of them
preserveth them.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Accusation by an
informer.</def> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*la"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>An accuser;
an informer.</def> [R.] <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"a*ware</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American grape, with compact bunches of small, amber-colored
berries, sweet and of a good flavor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"a*wares</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Delaware</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians formerly inhabiting the valley of the Delaware River, but now
mostly located in the Indian Territory.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Delays</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>d&eacute;lai</i>, fr. OF.
<i>deleer</i> to delay, or fr. L. <i>dilatum</i>, which, though
really from a different root, is used in Latin only as a p. p. neut.
of <i>differre</i> to carry apart, defer, delay. See <u>Tolerate</u>,
and cf. <u>Differ</u>, <u>Delay</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A
putting off or deferring; procrastination; lingering inactivity;
stop; detention; hindrance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without any <i>delay</i>, on the morrow I sat on the
judgment seat.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxv. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The government ought to be settled without the
<i>delay</i> of a day.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lay"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Delayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Delaying</u>.] [OF. <i>deleer</i>, <i>delaier</i>, fr. the noun
<i>d&eacute;lai</i>, or directly fr. L. <i>dilatare</i> to enlarge,
dilate, in LL., to put off. See <u>Delay</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>Delate</u>, 1st <u>Defer</u>, <u>Dilate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put off; to defer; to procrastinate; to
prolong the time of or before.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord <i>delayeth</i> his coming.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xxiv. 48.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To retard; to stop, detain, or hinder, for
a time; to retard the motion, or time of arrival, of; as, the mail is
<i>delayed</i> by a heavy fall of snow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thyrsis! whose artful strains have oft
<i>delayed</i><BR>
The huddling brook to hear his madrigal.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To allay; to temper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The watery showers <i>delay</i> the raging
wind.</blockquote> <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lay"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move slowly; to
stop for a time; to linger; to tarry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There seem to be certain bounds to the quickness and
slowness of the succession of those ideas, . . . beyond which they
can neither <i>delay</i> nor hasten.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lay"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who delays;
one who lingers.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lay"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
delays.</def> [R.] <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lay"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hindrance.</def> [Obs.] <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Del` cred"er*e</hw> (?). [It., of belief or trust.]
<i>(Mercantile Law)</i> <def>An agreement by which an agent or
factor, in consideration of an additional premium or commission
(called a <i>del credere</i> commission), engages, when he sells
goods on credit, to insure, warrant, or guarantee to his principal
the solvency of the purchaser, the engagement of the factor being to
pay the debt himself if it is not punctually discharged by the buyer
when it becomes due.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>imperative sing.</i></pos> of L.
<i>delere</i> to destroy. [Cf. <u>Delete</u>.] <i>(Print.)</i>
<def>Erase; remove; -- a direction to cancel something which has been
put in type; usually expressed by a peculiar form of <i>d</i>, thus:
&dele;.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"le</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deleing</u>.] [From the preceding word.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To
erase; to cancel; to delete; to mark for omission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dele</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Deal</u>.]
<def>To deal; to divide; to distribute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"e*ble</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delebilis</i>. See 1st <u>Dele</u>.] <def>Capable of being blotted
out or erased.</def> "An impression easily <i>deleble</i>."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lec"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>delitable</i>, OF. <i>delitable</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;lectable</i>,
fr. L. <i>delectabilis</i>, fr. <i>delectare</i> to delight. See
<u>Delight</u>.] <def>Highly pleasing; delightful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Delectable</i> both to behold and
taste.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>De*lec"ta*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*lec"ta*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*lec"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delectatus</i>, p. p. of <i>delectare</i>. See <u>Delight</u>.]
<def>To delight; to charm.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De`lec*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delectatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;lectation</i>.] <def>Great
pleasure; delight.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*lec"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., selection,
from <i>deligere</i>, <i>delectum</i>, to select.] <def>A name given
to an elementary book for learners of Latin or Greek.</def> <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del`e*ga*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Delegate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of delegating, or state of being delegated; deputed power.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By way of <i>delegacy</i> or grand
commission.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body of delegates or commissioners; a
delegation.</def> [Obs.] <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"e*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delegatus</i>, p. p. of <i>delegare</i> to send, delegate; <i>de-
</i> + <i>legare</i> to send with a commission, to depute. See
<u>Legate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any one sent and empowered to
act for another; one deputed to represent; a chosen deputy; a
representative; a commissioner; a vicar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One elected by the
people of a territory to represent them in Congress, where he has the
right of debating, but not of voting.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One sent by any constituency to act as its representative in a
convention; as, a <i>delegate</i> to a convention for nominating
officers, or for forming or altering a constitution.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Court of delegates</b></col>, <cd>formerly, the great
court of appeal from the archbishops' courts and also from the court
of admiralty. It is now abolished, and the privy council is the
immediate court of appeal in such cases.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Del"e*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delegatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Sent to act for or represent another;
deputed; as, a <i>delegate</i> judge.</def> "<i>Delegate</i> power."
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"e*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Delegated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Delegating</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To send
as one's representative; to empower as an ambassador; to send with
power to transact business; to commission; to depute; to
authorize.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To intrust to the care or management of
another; to transfer; to assign; to commit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>delegated</i> administration of the
law.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Delegated</i> executive power.</blockquote>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The power exercised by the legislature is the people's
power, <i>delegated</i> by the people to the
legislative.</blockquote> <i>J. B. Finch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del`e*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delegatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;l&eacute;gation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of delegating, or investing with
authority to act for another; the appointment of a delegate or
delegates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One or more persons appointed or chosen,
and commissioned to represent others, as in a convention, in
Congress, etc.; the collective body of delegates; as, the
<i>delegation</i> from Massachusetts; a deputation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Law)</i> <def>A kind of novation by
which a debtor, to be liberated from his creditor, gives him a third
person, who becomes obliged in his stead to the creditor, or to the
person appointed by him.</def> <i>Pothier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"e*ga*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delegatorius</i> pert. to an assignment.] <def>Holding a delegated
position.</def> <i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><hw>||De*len"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>delere</i> to destroy.] <def>Things to be erased or blotted
out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del`e*nif"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delenificus</i>; <i>delenire</i> to soothe + <i>facere</i> to
make. See <u>Lenient</u>.] <def>Assuaging pain.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deleted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deleting</u>.] [L. <i>deletus</i>, p. p. of <i>delere</i> to
destroy. Cf. 1st <u>Dele</u>.] <def>To blot out; to erase; to
expunge; to dele; to omit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have, therefore, . . . inserted eleven stanzas which
do not appear in Sir Walter Scott's version, and have <i>deleted</i>
eight.</blockquote> <i>Aytoun.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del`e*te"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>deleterius</i> noxious, Gr. <grk>dhlhth`rios</grk>, fr.
<grk>dhlei^sqai</grk> to hurt, damage; prob. akin to L. <i>delere</i>
to destroy.] <def>Hurtful; noxious; destructive; pernicious; as, a
<i>deleterious</i> plant or quality; a <i>deleterious</i>
example.</def> -- <wf>Del`e*te"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Del`e*te"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Del"e*ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>deleterius</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;l&eacute;t&egrave;re</i>.]
<def>Destructive; poisonous.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Deletery</i>
medicines." <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"e*ter*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
destroys.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They [the Scriptures] are the only <i>deletery</i> of
heresies.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*le"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>deletio</i>,
fr. <i>delere</i>. See <u>Delete</u>.] <def>Act of deleting, blotting
out, or erasing; destruction.</def> [Obs.] <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A total <i>deletion</i> of every person of the
opposing party.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del`e*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deleticius</i>.] <def>Of such a nature that anything may be erased
from it; -- said of paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"e*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted to
destroy or obliterate.</def> [R.] <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"e*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Delete</u>.] <def>That which blots out.</def> [Obs.] "A
<i>deletory</i> of sin." <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Delf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>delf</i> a
delving, digging. See <u>Delve</u>.] <def>A mine; a quarry; a pit
dug; a ditch.</def> [Written also <i>delft</i>, and <i>delve</i>.]
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>delfts</i> would be so flown with waters, that
no gins or machines could . . . keep them dry.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Delf</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Delftware</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Delft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Delftware</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Delft"ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Pottery made at the city of <i>Delft</i> in Holland;
hence:</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Earthenware made in imitation
of the above; any glazed earthenware made for table use, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"i*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delibatus</i>, p. p. of <i>delibare</i> to taste; <i>de-</i> +
<i>libare</i> to taste.] <def>To taste; to take a sip of; to dabble
in.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Del`i*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delibatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;libation</i>.] <def>Act of
tasting; a slight trial.</def> [Obs.] <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"i*ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
deliberate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*lib"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deliberatus</i>, p. p. of <i>deliberare</i> to deliberate; <i>de-
</i> + <i>librare</i> to weigh. See <u>Librate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Weighing facts and arguments with a view to a
choice or decision; carefully considering the probable consequences
of a step; circumspect; slow in determining; -- applied to persons;
as, a <i>deliberate</i> judge or counselor.</def> "These
<i>deliberate</i> fools." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formed with deliberation; well-advised;
carefully considered; not sudden or rash; as, a <i>deliberate</i>
opinion; a <i>deliberate</i> measure or result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Settled visage and <i>deliberate</i>
word.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not hasty or sudden; slow.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His enunciation was so <i>deliberate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>W. Wirt.</i></p>



<p><hw>De*lib"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deliberated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Deliberating</u>.] <def>To weigh in the mind; to
consider the reasons for and against; to consider maturely; to
reflect upon; to ponder; as, to <i>deliberate</i> a
question.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lib"er*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take
counsel with one's self; to weigh the arguments for and against a
proposed course of action; to reflect; to consider; to hesitate in
deciding; -- sometimes with <i>on</i>, <i>upon</i>, <i>about</i>,
<i>concerning</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The woman that <i>deliberates</i> is
lost.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lib"er*ate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
careful consideration, or deliberation; circumspectly; warily; not
hastily or rashly; slowly; as, a purpose <i>deliberately</i>
formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lib"er*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being deliberate; calm consideration; circumspection.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lib`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deliberatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;lib&eacute;ration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of deliberating, or of weighing and
examining the reasons for and against a choice or measure; careful
consideration; mature reflection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Choosing the fairest way with a calm
<i>deliberation</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Careful discussion and examination of the
reasons for and against a measure; as, the <i>deliberations</i> of a
legislative body or council.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lib"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deliberativus</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;lib&eacute;ratif</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to deliberation; proceeding or acting by
deliberation, or by discussion and examination; deliberating; as, a
<i>deliberative</i> body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A consummate work of <i>deliberative</i>
wisdom.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The court of jurisdiction is to be distinguished from
the <i>deliberative</i> body, the advisers of the crown.</blockquote>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lib"er*a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A discourse in which a question is discussed, or weighed and
examined.</def> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of rhetoric employed in proving a
thing and convincing others of its truth, in order to persuade them
to adopt it.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lib"er*a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
deliberative manner; circumspectly; considerately.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lib"er*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
deliberates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"i*brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Delibrated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Delibrating</u>.] [L. <i>delibratus</i>, p. p. of <i>delibrare</i>
to delibrate; <i>de</i> from + <i>liber</i> bark.] <def>To strip off
the bark; to peel.</def> [Obs.] <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del`i*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
stripping off the bark.</def> [Obs.] <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"i*ca*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Delicacies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Delicate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or condition
of being delicate; agreeableness to the senses; delightfulness; as,
<i>delicacy</i> of flavor, of odor, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What choice to choose for <i>delicacy</i>
best.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nicety or fineness of form, texture, or
constitution; softness; elegance; smoothness; tenderness; and hence,
frailty or weakness; as, the <i>delicacy</i> of a fiber or a thread;
<i>delicacy</i> of a hand or of the human form; <i>delicacy</i> of
the skin; <i>delicacy</i> of frame.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Nice propriety of manners or conduct;
susceptibility or tenderness of feeling; refinement; fastidiousness;
and hence, in an exaggerated sense, effeminacy; as, great
<i>delicacy</i> of behavior; <i>delicacy</i> in doing a kindness;
<i>delicacy</i> of character that unfits for earnest
action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You know your mother's <i>delicacy</i> in this
point.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Addiction to pleasure; luxury; daintiness;
indulgence; luxurious or voluptuous treatment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And to those dainty limbs which Nature lent<BR>
For gentle usage and soft <i>delicacy</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Nice and refined perception and
discrimination; critical niceness; fastidious accuracy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That Augustan <i>delicacy</i> of taste which is the
boast of the great public schools of England.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The state of being affected by slight
causes; sensitiveness; as, the <i>delicacy</i> of a chemist's
balance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That which is alluring, delicate, or
refined; a luxury or pleasure; something pleasant to the senses,
especially to the sense of taste; a dainty; as, <i>delicacies</i> of
the table.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The merchants of the earth are waxed rich through the
abundance of her <i>delicacies</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xviii.
3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Pleasure; gratification; delight.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He Rome brent for his <i>delicacie</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Dainty</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Del"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>delicatus</i>
pleasing the senses, voluptuous, soft and tender; akin to
<i>deliciae</i> delight: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;licat</i>. See
<u>Delight</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Addicted to pleasure;
luxurious; voluptuous; alluring.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Dives, for his <i>delicate</i> life, to the devil
went.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Haarlem is a very <i>delicate</i> town.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing to the senses; refinedly
agreeable; hence, adapted to please a nice or cultivated taste; nice;
fine; elegant; as, a <i>delicate</i> dish; <i>delicate</i>
flavor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Slight and shapely; lovely; graceful; as,
"a <i>delicate</i> creature."</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fine or slender; minute; not coarse; --
said of a thread, or the like; as, <i>delicate</i> cotton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Slight or smooth; light and yielding; --
said of texture; as, <i>delicate</i> lace or silk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Soft and fair; -- said of the skin or a
surface; as, a <i>delicate</i> cheek; a <i>delicate</i>
complexion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Light, or softly tinted; -- said of a
color; as, a <i>delicate</i> blue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Refined; gentle; scrupulous not to
trespass or offend; considerate; -- said of manners, conduct, or
feelings; as, <i>delicate</i> behavior; <i>delicate</i> attentions;
<i>delicate</i> thoughtfulness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Tender; not able to endure hardship;
feeble; frail; effeminate; -- said of constitution, health, etc.; as,
a <i>delicate</i> child; <i>delicate</i> health.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>delicate</i> and tender prince.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Requiring careful handling; not to be
rudely or hastily dealt with; nice; critical; as, a <i>delicate</i>
subject or question.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are some things too <i>delicate</i> and too
sacred to be handled rudely without injury to truth.</blockquote>
<i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Of exacting tastes and habits; dainty;
fastidious.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Nicely discriminating or perceptive;
refinedly critical; sensitive; exquisite; as, a <i>delicate</i>
taste; a <i>delicate</i> ear for music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Affected by slight causes; showing slight
changes; as, a <i>delicate</i> thermometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"i*cate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A choice dainty; a delicacy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With abstinence all <i>delicates</i> he
sees.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 386 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A delicate, luxurious, or effeminate
person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the vessels, then, which our <i>delicates</i>
have, -- those I mean that would seem to be more fine in their houses
than their neighbors, -- are only of the Corinth metal.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"i*cate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
delicate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"i*cate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being delicate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"i*ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;lices</i>, fr. L. <i>deliciae</i>.] <def>Delicacies;
delights.</def> [Obs.] "Dainty <i>delices</i>." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*li"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To delight
one's self; to indulge in feasting; to revel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*li"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>delicieus</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;licieux</i>, L. <i>deliciosus</i>,
fr. <i>deliciae</i> delight, fr. <i>delicere</i> to allure. See
<u>Delight</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Affording exquisite
pleasure; delightful; most sweet or grateful to the senses,
especially to the taste; charming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>delicious</i> landscape.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One draught of spring's <i>delicious</i>
air.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Were not his words <i>delicious</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Addicted to pleasure; seeking enjoyment;
luxurious; effeminate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Others, lastly, of a more <i>delicious</i> and airy
spirit, retire themselves to the enjoyments of ease and
luxury.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Delicious</u>, <u>Delightful</u>.
<i>Delicious</i> refers to the pleasure derived from certain of the
senses, particularly the taste and smell; as, <i>delicious</i> food;
a <i>delicious</i> fragrance. <i>Delightful</i> may also refer to
most of the senses (as, <i>delightful</i> music; a <i>delightful</i>
prospect; <i>delightful</i> sensations), but has a higher application
to matters of taste, feeling, and sentiment; as, a <i>delightful</i>
abode, conversation, employment; <i>delightful</i> scenes, etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>Like the rich fruit he sings, <i>delicious</i> in
decay.</blockquote> <i>Smith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No spring, nor summer, on the mountain seen,<BR>
Smiles with gay fruits or with <i>delightful</i> green.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*li"cious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Delightfully;
as, to feed <i>deliciously</i>; to be <i>deliciously</i>
entertained.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*li"cious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being delicious; as, the <i>deliciousness</i> of
a repast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Luxury.</def> "To drive away all
superfluity and <i>deliciousness</i>." <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>delictum</i>
fault.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>An offense or transgression against law;
<i>(Scots Law)</i> an offense of a lesser degree; a
misdemeanor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every regulation of the civil code necessarily implies
a <i>delict</i> in the event of its violation.</blockquote>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deligatus</i>, p. p. of <i>deligare</i> to bind up; <i>de-</i> +
<i>ligare</i> to bind.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>To bind up; to
bandage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del`i*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;ligation</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A binding up; a
bandaging.</def> <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*light"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>delit</i>,
OF. <i>delit</i>, <i>deleit</i>, fr. <i>delitier</i>, to delight. See
<u>Delight</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
high degree of gratification of mind; a high- wrought state of
pleasurable feeling; lively pleasure; extreme satisfaction;
joy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sounds and sweet airs, that give <i>delight</i> and
hurt not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fool hath no <i>delight</i> in
understanding.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xviii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which gives great pleasure or
delight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven's last, best gift, my ever new
<i>delight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Licentious pleasure; lust.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*light"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Delighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Delighting</u>.] [OE. <i>deliten</i>, OF. <i>delitier</i>,
<i>deleitier</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;lecter</i>, fr. L. <i>delectare</i>
to entice away, to delight (sc. by attracting or alluring), intens.
of <i>delicere</i> to allure, delight; <i>de-</i> + <i>lacere</i> to
entice, allure; cf. <i>laqueus</i> a snare. Cf. <u>Delectate</u>,
<u>Delicate</u>, <u>Delicious</u>, <u>Dilettante</u>, <u>Elicit</u>,
<u>Lace</u>.] <def>To give delight to; to affect with great pleasure;
to please highly; as, a beautiful landscape <i>delights</i> the eye;
harmony <i>delights</i> the ear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inventions to <i>delight</i> the taste.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Delight</i> our souls with talk of knightly
deeds.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*light"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have or take
great delight or pleasure; to be greatly pleased or rejoiced; --
followed by an infinitive, or by <i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love <i>delights</i> in praises.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>delight</i> to do thy will, O my
God.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xl. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*light"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Delectable</u>.] <def>Capable of delighting; delightful.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many a spice <i>delightable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rom.
of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*light"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Endowed with
delight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If virtue no <i>delighted</i> beauty
lack.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Glad; pleased; gratified. See <u>Glad</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*light"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With delight;
gladly.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*light"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gives
or takes delight.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*light"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Highly
pleasing; affording great pleasure and satisfaction.</def>
"<i>Delightful</i> bowers." <i>Spenser.</i> "<i>Delightful</i>
fruit.>" <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Delicious; charming. See <u>Delicious</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>De*light"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*light"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*light"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving delight;
gladdening.</def> -- <wf>De*light"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*light"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Void of
delight.</def> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*light"ous</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>delitos</i>.] <def>Delightful.</def> [Obs.] <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*light"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very
pleasing; delightful.</def> "<i>Delightsome</i> vigor."
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall be a <i>delightsome</i> land, . . . saith the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Mal. iii. 12.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>De*light"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*light"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*li"lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mistress of
Samson, who betrayed him (<i>Judges xvi.</i>); hence, a harlot; a
temptress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Other <i>Delilahs</i> on a smaller scale Burns met
with during his Dumfries sojourn.</blockquote> <i>J. C.
Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lim"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delimitare</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;limiter</i>.] <def>To fix the
limits of; to demarcate; to bound.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lim`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delimitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;limitation</i>.] <def>The act
or process of fixing limits or boundaries; limitation.</def>
<i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*line"</hw> (d&esl;*l&imacr;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To delineate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark out.</def> [Obs.] <i>R.
North.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lin"e*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being, or liable to be, delineated.</def> <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lin"e*a*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>&?;.</i></pos> [See
<u>Delineate</u>.] <def>Delineation; sketch.</def> <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lin"e*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delineatus</i>, p. p. of <i>delineare</i> to delineate; <i>de-</i>
+ <i>lineare</i> to draw, fr. <i>linea</i> line. See <u>Line</u>.]
<def>Delineated; portrayed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*lin"e*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Delineated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Delineating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To indicate by lines
drawn in the form or figure of; to represent by sketch, design, or
diagram; to sketch out; to portray; to picture; in drawing and
engraving, to represent in lines, as with the pen, pencil, or graver;
hence, to represent with accuracy and minuteness. See
<u>Delineation</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adventurous to <i>delineate</i> nature's
form.</blockquote> <i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To portray to the mind or understanding by
words; to set forth; to describe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Customs or habits <i>delineated</i> with great
accuracy.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lin`e*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delineatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;lin&eacute;ation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of representing, portraying, or
describing, as by lines, diagrams, sketches, etc.; drawing an
outline; as, the <i>delineation</i> of a scene or face; in drawing
and engraving, representation by means of lines, as distinguished
from representation by means of tints and shades; accurate and minute
representation, as distinguished from art that is careless of
details, or subordinates them excessively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A delineated picture; representation;
sketch; description in words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their softest <i>delineations</i> of female
beauty.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sketch; portrait; outline. See <u>Sketch</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*lin"e*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, delineates; a
sketcher.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>A perambulator which
records distances and delineates a profile, as of a road.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lin"e*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
delineates; descriptive; drawing the outline; delineating.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lin"e*a*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Delineation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Del`i*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delinere</i> to smear. See <u>Liniment</u>.] <def>A
smearing.</def> [Obs.] <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lin"quen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Delinquencies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>delinquentia</i>, fr.
<i>delinquens</i>.] <def>Failure or omission of duty; a fault; a
misdeed; an offense; a misdemeanor; a crime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>delinquencies</i> of the little commonwealth
would be represented in the most glaring colors.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lin"quent</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delinquens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>delinquere</i> to
fail, be wanting in one's duty, do wrong; <i>de-</i> +
<i>linquere</i> to leave. See <u>Loan</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Failing in duty; offending by neglect of duty.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lin"quent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fails or
neglects to perform his duty; an offender or transgressor; one who
commits a fault or a crime; a culprit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>delinquent</i> ought to be cited in the place or
jurisdiction where the delinquency was committed.</blockquote>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lin"quent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
fail in duty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"i*quate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deliquatus</i>, p. p. of <i>deliquare</i> to clear off, <i>de-</i>
+ <i>liquare</i> to make liquid, melt, dissolve.] <def>To melt or be
dissolved; to deliquesce.</def> [Obs.] <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"i*quate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
melt away; to dissolve; to consume; to waste.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Dilapidating, or rather <i>deliquating</i>, his
bishopric.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del`i*qua"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
melting.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Del`i*quesce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deliquesced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Deliquescing</u>.] [L. <i>deliquescere</i> to melt,
dissolve; <i>de-</i> + <i>liquescere</i> to become fluid, melt, fr.
<i>liquere</i> to be fluid. See <u>Liquid</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To dissolve gradually and become liquid by attracting and
absorbing moisture from the air, as certain salts, acids, and
alkalies.</def></p>


<p><blockquote>In very moist air crystals of strontites
<i>deliquesce</i>.</blockquote> <i>Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del`i*ques"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;liquescence</i>.] <def>The act of deliquescing or
liquefying; process by which anything deliquesces; tendency to
melt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del`i*ques"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deliquescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>deliquescere</i>:
cf. F. <i>d&eacute;liquescent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Dissolving; liquefying by contact with the air; capable of
attracting moisture from the atmosphere and becoming liquid; as,
<i>deliquescent</i> salts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Branching so that the stem
is lost in branches, as in most deciduous trees.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*liq"ui*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deliquia</i> a flowing off, a gutter, <i>deliquium</i> a flowing
down, fr. <i>deliquare</i>. See <u>Deliquate</u>.] <def>To melt and
become liquid by absorbing water from the air; to deliquesce.</def>
<i>Fourcroy.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*liq`ui*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of deliquiating.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*liq"ui*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Deliquiate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A melting
or dissolution in the air, or in a moist place; a liquid condition;
as, a salt falls into a <i>deliquium</i>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sinking away; a swooning.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A melting or maudlin mood.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lir"a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Delirate</u>.] <def>Delirium.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*lir"a*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deliramentum</i>, fr. <i>delirare</i>. See <u>Delirium</u>.]
<def>A wandering of the mind; a crazy fancy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lir"an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Delirium.</def> [Obs.] <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lir"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>delirans</i>,
<i>- antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>delirare</i>. See <u>Delirium</u>.]
<def>Delirious.</def> [Obs.] <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lir"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deliratus</i>, p. p. of <i>delirare</i>. See <u>Delirium</u>.]
<def>To madden; to rave.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An infatuating and <i>delirating</i> spirit in
it.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del`i*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deliratio</i>.] <def>Aberration of mind; delirium.</def> <i>J.
Morley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deliration</i> or alienation of the
understanding.</blockquote> <i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lir"i*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Delirium</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A poison which occasions a
persistent delirium, or mental aberration (as belladonna).</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lir`i*fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Delirium</i> + L. <i>faciens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>facere</i> to make.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing, or tending to
produce, delirium.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any substance
which tends to cause delirium.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lir"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Delirium</u>.] <def>Having a delirium; wandering in mind; light-
headed; insane; raving; wild; as, a <i>delirious</i> patient;
<i>delirious</i> fancies.</def> -- <wf>De*lir"i*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>De*lir"i*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*lir"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>delirare</i> to rave, to wander in mind, prop., to go out of the
furrow in plowing; <i>de-</i> + <i>lira</i> furrow, track; perh. akin
to G. <i>geleise</i> track, rut, and E. <i>last</i> to endure.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A state in which the thoughts,
expressions, and actions are wild, irregular, and incoherent; mental
aberration; a roving or wandering of the mind, -- usually dependent
on a fever or some other disease, and so distinguished from
<i>mania</i>, or madness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strong excitement; wild enthusiasm;
madness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The popular <i>delirium</i> [of the French Revolution]
at first caught his enthusiastic mind.</blockquote> <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>delirium</i> of the preceding session (of
Parliament).</blockquote> <i>Morley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Delirium tremens</b></col> (&?;). [L., trembling delirium]
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a violent delirium induced by the excessive and
prolonged use of intoxicating liquors.</cd> -- <col><b>Traumatic
delirium</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a variety of delirium following
injury.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insanity; frenzy; madness; derangement; aberration;
mania; lunacy; fury. See <u>Insanity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*lit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Delight.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lit"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Delightful;
delectable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Del`i*tes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Delitescent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Concealment; seclusion;
retirement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>delitescence</i> of mental
activities.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The sudden disappearance of
inflammation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del`i*tes"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Concealment; seclusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mental organization of the novelist must be
characterized, to speak craniologically, by an extraordinary
development of the passion for <i>delitescency</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del`i*tes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delitescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>delitescere</i> to
lie hid.] <def>Lying hid; concealed.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lit"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delitigare</i> to rail. See <u>Litigate</u>.] <def>To chide; to
rail heartily.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*lit`i*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Chiding;
brawl.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*liv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Delivered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Delivering</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;livrer</i>, LL. <i>deliberare</i>
to liberate, give over, fr. L. <i>de</i> + <i>liberare</i> to set
free. See <u>Liberate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set free from
restraint; to set at liberty; to release; to liberate, as from
control; to give up; to free; to save; to rescue from evil actual or
feared; -- often with <i>from</i> or <i>out of</i>; as, to
<i>deliver</i> one from captivity, or from fear of death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that taketh warning shall <i>deliver</i> his
soul.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxxiii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Promise was that I<BR>
Should Israel from Philistian yoke <i>deliver</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give or transfer; to yield possession
or control of; to part with (to); to make over; to commit; to
surrender; to resign; -- often with <i>up</i> or <i>over</i>,
<i>to</i> or <i>into</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt <i>deliver</i> Pharaoh's cup into his
hand.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xl. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The constables have <i>delivered</i> her
over.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The exalted mind<BR>
All sense of woe <i>delivers</i> to the wind.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make over to the knowledge of another;
to communicate; to utter; to speak; to impart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till he these words to him <i>deliver</i>
might.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereof the former <i>delivers</i> the precepts of the
art, and the latter the perfection.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give forth in action or exercise; to
discharge; as, to <i>deliver</i> a blow; to <i>deliver</i> a
broadside, or a ball.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shaking his head and <i>delivering</i> some show of
tears.</blockquote> <i>Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An uninstructed bowler . . . thinks to attain the jack
by <i>delivering</i> his bowl straightforward upon it.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To free from, or disburden of, young; to
relieve of a child in childbirth; to bring forth; -- often with
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She was <i>delivered</i> safe and soon.</blockquote>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tully was long ere he could be <i>delivered</i> of a
few verses, and those poor ones.</blockquote> <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To discover; to show.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll <i>deliver</i><BR>
Myself your loyal servant.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To deliberate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To admit; to allow to pass.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Deliver</u>, <u>Give Forth</u>,
<u>Discharge</u>, <u>Liberate</u>, <u>Pronounce</u>, <u>Utter</u>.
<i>Deliver</i> denotes, literally, <i>to set free</i>. Hence the term
is extensively applied to cases where a thing is made to pass from a
<i>confined</i> state to one of greater freedom or openness. Hence it
may, in certain connections, be used as synonymous with any or all of
the above-mentioned words, as will be seen from the following
examples: One who <i>delivers</i> a package <i>gives it forth</i>;
one who <i>delivers</i> a cargo <i>discharges</i> it; one who
<i>delivers</i> a captive <i>liberates</i> him; one who
<i>delivers</i> a message or a discourse <i>utters</i> or
<i>pronounces</i> it; when soldiers <i>deliver</i> their fire, they
<i>set it free</i> or <i>give it forth</i>.</p>

<p><hw>De*liv"er</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>delivre</i> free,
unfettered. See <u>Deliver</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Free;
nimble; sprightly; active.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wonderly <i>deliver</i> and great of
strength.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*liv"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being, or about to be, delivered; necessary to be delivered.</def>
<i>Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*liv"er*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;livrance</i>, fr. <i>d&eacute;livrer</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of delivering or freeing from
restraint, captivity, peril, and the like; rescue; as, the
<i>deliverance</i> of a captive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath sent me to heal the broken-hearted, to preach
<i>deliverance</i> to the captives.</blockquote> <i>Luke iv.
18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One death or one <i>deliverance</i> we will
share.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Act of bringing forth children.</def>
[Archaic] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Act of speaking; utterance.</def>
[Archaic] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this and in the preceding sense <i>delivery</i> is the
word more commonly used.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being delivered, or freed
from restraint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do desire <i>deliverance</i> from these
officers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Anything delivered or communicated; esp.,
an opinion or decision expressed publicly.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Any fact or truth which
is decisively attested or intuitively known as a psychological or
philosophical datum; as, the <i>deliverance</i> of
consciousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*liv"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who delivers or rescues; a preserver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who relates or communicates.</def></p>

<p><! p. 387 !></p>

<p><hw>De*liv"er*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
deliverer.</def> [R.] <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*liv"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Actively;
quickly; nimbly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Swim with your bodies,<BR>
And carry it sweetly and <i>deliverly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*liv"er*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Nimbleness;
agility.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*liv"er*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Deliveries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of delivering from restraint; rescue; release; liberation; as, the
<i>delivery</i> of a captive from his dungeon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of delivering up or over;
surrender; transfer of the body or substance of a thing;
distribution; as, the <i>delivery</i> of a fort, of hostages, of a
criminal, of goods, of letters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or style of utterance; manner of
speaking; as, a good <i>delivery</i>; a clear
<i>delivery</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of giving birth; parturition; the
expulsion or extraction of a fetus and its membranes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of exerting one's strength or
limbs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neater limbs and freer <i>delivery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The act or manner of delivering a ball;
as, the pitcher has a swift <i>delivery</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>del</i>, akin to
E. <i>dale</i>; cf. D. <i>delle</i>, <i>del</i>, low ground. See
<u>Dale</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small, retired valley; a
ravine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>dells</i> and dales, concealed from human
sight.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young woman; a wench.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet doxies and <i>dells</i>.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Del"la Crus"ca</hw> (?). <def>A shortened form of
<i>Accademia della Crusca</i>, an academy in Florence, Italy, founded
in the 16th century, especially for conserving the purity of the
Italian language.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Accademia della Crusca (literally, <i>academy of the
bran</i> or <i>chaff</i>) was so called in allusion to its chief
object of bolting or purifying the national language.</p>

<p><hw>Del`la*crus"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Accademia della Crusca in Florence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Dellacruscan School</b></col>, <cd>a name given in
satire to a class of affected English writers, most of whom lived in
Florence, about <u>a. d.</u> 1785.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||De"loo</hw> (d&asl;"l&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The duykerbok.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*loul"</hw> (d&asl;*l&oomac;l"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Prob. of Arabic or Bedouin origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
special breed of the dromedary used for rapid traveling; the swift
camel; -- called also <i>herire</i>, and <i>maharik</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Delph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Delftware.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Five nothings in five plates of
<i>delph</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Delph</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Hydraul. Engin.)</i>
<def>The drain on the land side of a sea embankment.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"phi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Delphic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Delphicus</i>,
fr. Gr. <grk>Delfiko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>Delfoi`</grk>, L.
<i>Delphi</i>, a town of Phocis, in Greece, now <i>Kastri</i>.]
<i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or relating to Delphi,
or to the famous oracle of that place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ambiguous; mysterious.</def> "If he is
silent or <i>delphic</i>." <i>New York Times.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Del"phin</hw>, <hw>Del"phine</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Dauphin</u>.] <def>Pertaining to the
dauphin of France; as, the <i>Delphin</i> classics, an edition of the
Latin classics, prepared in the reign of Louis XIV., for the use of
the dauphin (<i>in usum Delphini</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"phin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>delphinus</i> a
dolphin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A fatty substance contained in the oil
of the dolphin and the porpoise; -- called also
<i>phocenin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"phine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>delphinus</i>
a dolphin, Gr. <grk>delfi`s</grk>, <grk>delfi`n</grk>.]
<def>Pertaining to the dolphin, a genus of fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del*phin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Delphin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, or derived from, the dolphin; phocenic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Delphinic acid</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Valeric acid</i>, under <u>Valeric</u>.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Del*phin"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From NL.
<i>Delphinium</i>, the name of the genus.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, the larkspur; specifically,
relating to the stavesacre (<i>Delphinium
staphisagria</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"phi*nine</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>delphinine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A poisonous alkaloid
extracted from the stavesacre (<i>Delphinium staphisagria</i>), as a
colorless amorphous powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"phi*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>delphinus</i> a dolphin + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, the dolphin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Del`phi*noi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The division of Cetacea which comprises the
dolphins, porpoises, and related forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Del*phi"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a dolphin,
fr. Gr. <grk>delfi`s</grk>, <grk>delfi`n</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Cetacea, including the dolphin.
See <u>Dolphin</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The Dolphin, a
constellation near the equator and east of Aquila.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Deltas</b></plw> (#). [Gr. <grk>de`lta</grk>, the name of the
fourth letter of the Greek alphabet (the capital form of which is
&DELTA;, Eng. D), from the Ph&oelig;nician name of the corresponding
letter. The Greeks called the alluvial deposit at the mouth of the
Nile, from its shape, the <i>Delta</i> of the Nile.] <def>A tract of
land shaped like the letter delta (&DELTA;), especially when the land
is alluvial and inclosed between two or more mouths of a river; as,
the <i>delta</i> of the Ganges, of the Nile, or of the
Mississippi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del`ta*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Delta</i>
+ L. <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>The formation of a delta or of
deltas.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Del*ta"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to, or
like, a delta.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Del*thy"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>de`lta</grk> the name of the letter &DELTA; + <grk>thy`ra</grk>
door.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name formerly given to certain
Silurian brachiopod shells of the genus <u>Spirifer</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Delthyris limestone</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>one of
the divisions of the Upper Silurian rocks in New York.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Del"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deltaic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Del*tid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>de`lta</grk>, the letter &DELTA;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
triangular space under the beak of many brachiopod shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del`to*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>de`lta</grk>, the letter &DELTA; + <grk>'e`dra</grk> seat,
base.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A solid bounded by twelve
quadrilateral faces. It is a hemihedral form of the isometric system,
allied to the tetrahedron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>deltoeidh`s</grk> delta- shaped; <grk>de`lta</grk> the name of
the letter &DELTA; + <grk>e'i^dos</grk> form: cf. F.
<i>delto&iuml;de</i>. See <u>Delta</u>.] <def>Shaped like the Greek
&DELTA; (delta); delta-shaped; triangular.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Deltoid leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leaf in the
form of a triangle with the stem inserted at the middle of the
base.</cd> -- <col><b>Deltoid muscle</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a
triangular muscle in the shoulder which serves to move the arm
directly upward.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*lud"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being deluded; liable to be imposed on; gullible.</def> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deluded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deluding</u>.] [L. <i>deludere</i>, <i>delusum</i>; <i>de-</i> +
<i>ludere</i> to play, make sport of, mock. See <u>Ludicrous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lead from truth or into error; to mislead
the mind or judgment of; to beguile; to impose on; to dupe; to make a
fool of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>delude</i> the nation by an airy
phantom.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To frustrate or disappoint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>deludes</i> thy search.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To mislead; deceive; beguile; cajole; cheat; dupe.
See <u>Deceive</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*lud"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who deludes;
a deceiver; an impostor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"uge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;luge</i>, L. <i>diluvium</i>, fr. <i>diluere</i> wash
away; <i>di- = dis-</i> + <i>luere</i>, equiv. to <i>lavare</i> to
wash. See <u>Lave</u>, and cf. <u>Diluvium</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A washing away; an overflowing of the land by water; an
inundation; a flood; specifically, <i>The Deluge</i>, the great flood
in the days of Noah (<i>Gen. vii.</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Anything which overwhelms, or causes
great destruction.</def> "The <i>deluge</i> of summer."
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fiery <i>deluge</i> fed<BR>
With ever-burning sulphur unconsumed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As I grub up some quaint old fragment of a [London]
street, or a house, or a shop, or tomb or burial ground, which has
still survived in the <i>deluge</i>.</blockquote> <i>F.
Harrison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After me the <i>deluge</i>.<BR>
(Apr&eacute;s moi le d&eacute;luge.)</blockquote> <i>Madame de
Pompadour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Del"uge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deluged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deluging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To overflow with water; to
inundate; to overwhelm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>deluged</i> earth would useless
grow.</blockquote> <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overwhelm, as with a deluge; to cover;
to overspread; to overpower; to submerge; to destroy; as, the
northern nations <i>deluged</i> the Roman empire with their armies;
the land is <i>deluged</i> with woe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At length corruption, like a general flood . . . <BR>
Shall <i>deluge</i> all.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>||De*lun"dung</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An East Indian carnivorous mammal
(<i>Prionodon gracilis</i>), resembling the civets, but without scent
pouches. It is handsomely spotted.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lu"sion</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>delusio</i>,
fr. <i>deludere</i>. See <u>Delude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of deluding; deception; a misleading of the mind.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being deluded or
misled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is falsely or delusively
believed or propagated; false belief; error in belief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And fondly mourned the dear <i>delusion</i>
gone.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Delusion</u>, <u>Illusion</u>.  These words both
imply some deception practiced upon the mind. <i>Delusion</i> is
deception from want of knowledge; <i>illusion</i> is deception from
morbid imagination. An <i>illusion</i> is a false show, a mere cheat
on the fancy or senses. It is, in other words, some idea or image
presented to the bodily or mental vision which does not exist in
reality. A <i>delusion</i> is a false judgment, usually affecting the
real concerns of life. Or, in other words, it is an erroneous view of
something which exists indeed, but has by no means the qualities or
attributes ascribed to it. Thus we speak of the <i>illusions</i> of
fancy, the <i>illusions</i> of hope, <i>illusive</i> prospects,
<i>illusive</i> appearances, etc. In like manner, we speak of the
<i>delusions</i> of stockjobbing, the <i>delusions</i> of honorable
men, <i>delusive</i> appearances in trade, of being <i>deluded</i> by
a seeming excellence.</p>

<p>"A fanatic, either religious or political, is the subject of
strong <i>delusions</i>; while the term <i>illusion</i> is applied
solely to the visions of an uncontrolled imagination, the chimerical
ideas of one blinded by hope, passion, or credulity, or lastly, to
spectral and other ocular deceptions, to which the word
<i>delusion</i> is never applied." <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lu"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to delusions; as, <i>delusional</i> monomania.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*lu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Delude</u>.]
<def>Apt or fitted to delude; tending to mislead the mind; deceptive;
beguiling; delusory; as, <i>delusive</i> arts; a <i>delusive</i>
dream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Delusive</i> and unsubstantial ideas.</blockquote>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>De*lu"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*lu"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*lu"so*ry</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Delusive;
fallacious.</def> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Delve</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Delved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Delving</u>.] [AS. <i>delfan</i> to dig; akin to OS.
<i>bidelban</i> to bury, D. <i>delven</i> to dig, MHG. <i>telben</i>,
and possibly to E. <i>dale</i>. Cf. <u>Delf</u> a mine.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dig; to open (the ground) as with a
spade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Delve</i> of convenient depth your thrashing
floor.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dig into; to penetrate; to trace out;
to fathom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not <i>delve</i> him to the root.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Delve</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dig or labor with
a spade, or as with a spade; to labor as a drudge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Delve</i> may I not: I shame to beg.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif (Luke xvi. 3).</i></p>

<p><hw>Delve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Delve</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Delf</u> a mine.] <def>A place dug; a pit; a
ditch; a den; a cave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which to that shady <i>delve</i> him brought at
last.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The very tigers from their <i>delves</i><BR>
Look out.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Delv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who digs, as
with a spade.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mag"net*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of magnetic properties. See
<u>Magnetize</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the bar be rapidly magnetized and
<i>demagnetized</i>.</blockquote> <i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To free from mesmeric influence; to
demesmerize.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>De*mag`net*i*za"tion</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*mag"net*i`zer</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dem"a*gog</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Demagogue.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dem`a*gog"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Dem`a*gog"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>dhmagwkiko`s</grk>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;magogique</i>.] <def>Relating to, or like, a demagogue;
factious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"a*gog*ism</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
practices of a demagogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"a*gogue</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dhmagwgo`s</grk> a popular leader; commonly in a bad sense, a
leader of the mob; <grk>dh^mos</grk> the people + <grk>'agwgo`s</grk>
leading, fr. <grk>'a`gein</grk> to lead; akin to E. <i>act</i>: cf.
F. <i>d&eacute;magogue</i>.] <def>A leader of the rabble; one who
attempts to control the multitude by specious or deceitful arts; an
unprincipled and factious mob orator or political leader.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"a*gog`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;magogie</i>, Gr. <grk>dhmagwgi`a</grk> leadership of the
people.] <def>Demagogism.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*main"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Demesne</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rule; management.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>See <u>Demesne</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mand"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Demanded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Demanding</u>.] [F. <i>demander</i>, LL. <i>demandare</i> to
demand, summon, send word, fr. L. <i>demandare</i> to give in charge,
intrust; <i>de-</i> + <i>mandare</i> to commit to one's charge,
commission, order, command. Cf. <u>Mandate</u>, <u>Commend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ask or call for with authority; to claim
or seek from, as by authority or right; to claim, as something due;
to call for urgently or peremptorily; as, to <i>demand</i> a debt; to
<i>demand</i> obedience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This, in our foresaid holy father's name,<BR>
Pope Innocent, I do <i>demand</i> of thee.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inquire authoritatively or earnestly;
to ask, esp. in a peremptory manner; to question.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I did <i>demand</i> what news from
Shrewsbury.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To require as necessary or useful; to be
in urgent need of; hence, to call for; as, the case <i>demands</i>
care.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To call into court; to
summon.</def> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mand"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a demand;
to inquire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soldiers likewise <i>demanded</i> of him, saying,
And what shall we do?</blockquote> <i>Luke iii. 14.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mand"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>demande</i>, fr.
<i>demander</i>. See <u>Demand</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of demanding; an asking with
authority; a peremptory urging of a claim; a claiming or challenging
as due; requisition; as, the <i>demand</i> of a creditor; a note
payable on <i>demand</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>demand</i> [is] by the word of the holy
ones.</blockquote> <i>Dan. iv. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that has confidence to turn his wishes into
<i>demands</i> will be but a little way from thinking he ought to
obtain them.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Earnest inquiry; question; query.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A diligent seeking or search; manifested
want; desire to possess; request; as, a <i>demand</i> for certain
goods; a person's company is in great <i>demand</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In 1678 came forth a second edition [Pilgrim's
Progress] with additions; and then the <i>demand</i> became
immense.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which one demands or has a right to
demand; thing claimed as due; claim; as, <i>demands</i> on an
estate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
asking or seeking for what is due or claimed as due.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The right or title in virtue of which
anything may be claimed; as, to hold a <i>demand</i> against a
person.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A thing or amount claimed to
be due.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In demand</b></col>, <cd>in request; being much sought
after.</cd> -- <col><b>On demand</b></col>, <cd>upon presentation and
request of payment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*mand"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
demanded or claimed.</def> "All sums <i>demandable</i>."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mand"ant</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>demandant</i>, p. pr. of <i>demander</i>.] <def>One who demands;
the plaintiff in a real action; any plaintiff.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mand"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
demands.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mand"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
demands.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*man"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>demant</i>
diamond + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A yellow-green,
transparent variety of garnet found in the Urals. It is valued as a
gem because of its brilliancy of luster, whence the name.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mar"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Demarcation</u>.] <def>To mark by bounds; to set the limits of; to
separate; to discriminate.</def> <i>Wilkinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`mar*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;marcation</i>; pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>de</i>) +
<i>marquer</i> to mark, of German origin. See <u>Mark</u>.] <def>The
act of marking, or of ascertaining and setting a limit; separation;
distinction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The speculative line of <i>demarcation</i>, where
obedience ought to end and resistance must begin, is faint, obscure,
and not easily definable.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*march"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;marche</i>. See <u>March</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>March; walk; gait.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*march</hw> (d&emacr;"m&auml;rk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dh`marchos</grk>; <grk>dh^mos</grk> people +
<grk>'a`rchein</grk> to rule.] <def>A chief or ruler of a deme or
district in Greece.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`mar*ka"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Demarcation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`ma*te"ri*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of material or physical qualities or
characteristics.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dematerializing</i> matter by stripping it of
everything which . . . has distinguished matter.</blockquote>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deme</hw> (d&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dh^mos</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A
territorial subdivision of Attica (also of modern Greece),
corresponding to a township.</def> <i>Jowett (Thucyd.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An undifferentiated
aggregate of cells or plastids.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mean"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Demeaned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Demeaning</u>.] [OF. <i>demener</i> to conduct, guide, manage, F.
<i>se d&eacute;mener</i> to struggle; pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i> (L.
<i>de</i>) + <i>mener</i> to lead, drive, carry on, conduct, fr. L.
<i>minare</i> to drive animals by threatening cries, fr.
<i>minari</i> to threaten. See <u>Menace</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To manage; to conduct; to treat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Our] clergy have with violence <i>demeaned</i> the
matter.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To conduct; to behave; to comport; --
followed by the reflexive pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have <i>demeaned</i> themselves<BR>
Like men born to renown by life or death.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They answered . . . that they should <i>demean</i>
themselves according to their instructions.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><! p. 388 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To debase; to lower; to degrade; --
followed by the reflexive pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her son would <i>demean</i> himself by a marriage with
an artist's daughter.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This sense is probably due to a false etymology which
regarded the word as connected with the adjective <i>mean</i>.</p>

<p><hw>De*mean"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>demene</i>.
See <u>Demean</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Management; treatment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Vile <i>demean</i> and usage bad.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Behavior; conduct; bearing;
demeanor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With grave <i>demean</i> and solemn
vanity.</blockquote> <i>West.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mean"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Demesne</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Demesne.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Resources; means.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You know<BR>
How narrow our <i>demeans</i> are.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mean"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Demeanor.</def> [Obs.] <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mean"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>demeanour</i>.] [For <i>demeanure</i>, fr. <i>demean</i>. See
<u>Demean</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Management; treatment; conduct.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God commits the managing so great a trust . . . wholly
to the <i>demeanor</i> of every grown man.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Behavior; deportment; carriage; bearing;
mien.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>demeanor</i> was singularly
pleasing.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The men, as usual, liked her artless kindness and
simple refined <i>demeanor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mean"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Behavior.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"men*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dementia</i>,
fr. <i>demens</i> mad. See <u>Dement</u>.] <def>Dementia; loss of
mental powers. See <u>Insanity</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dementare</i>, fr. <i>demens</i>, <i>-mentis</i>, out of one's
mind, mad; <i>de</i> + <i>mens</i> mind. See <u>Mental</u>, and cf.
<u>Dementate</u>.] <def>To deprive of reason; to make mad.</def> [R.]
<i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ment"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>demens</i>, <i>-
mentis</i>.] <def>Demented; dementate.</def> [R.] <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*men"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dementatus</i>, p. p. See <u>Dement</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Deprived of reason.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arise, thou <i>dementate</i> sinner!</blockquote>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*men"tate</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of reason; to dement.</def> [R.] <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
depriving of reason; madness.</def> <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ment"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Dement</u>.] <def>Insane; mad; of unsound mind.</def> --
<wf>De*ment"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||De*men"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>demens</i>. See <u>Dement</u>.] <def>Insanity; madness; esp. that
form which consists in weakness or total loss of thought and reason;
mental imbecility; idiocy.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*meph"i*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Demephitized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Demephitizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>m&eacute;phitiser</i>
to infect with <i>mephitis</i>.] <def>To purify from mephitic or foul
air.</def> -- <wf>De*meph`i*ti*za"tion</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*merge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>demergere</i>.] <def>To plunge down into; to sink; to
immerse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The water in which it was
<i>demerged</i>.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mer"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;m&eacute;rite</i> demerit (in sense 2), OF.
<i>demerite</i> demerit (in sense 1), fr. L. <i>demerere</i> to
deserve well, LL., to deserve well or ill; <i>de-</i> + <i>merere</i>
to deserve. See <u>De</u>-, and <u>Merit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which one merits or deserves, either of good or ill;
desert.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By many benefits and <i>demerits</i> whereby they
obliged their adherents, [they] acquired this
reputation.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which deserves blame; ill desert; a
fault; a vice; misconduct; -- the opposite of <i>merit</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They see no merit or <i>demerit</i> in any man or any
action.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Secure, unless forfeited by any <i>demerit</i> or
offense.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of one who deserves
ill.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mer"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;m&eacute;riter</i> to deserve ill. See <u>Demerit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deserve; -- said in
reference to both praise and blame.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If I have <i>demerited</i> any love or
thanks.</blockquote> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Executed as a traitor . . . as he well
<i>demerited</i>.</blockquote> <i>State Trials (1645).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To depreciate or cry down.</def> [R.]
<i>Bp. Woolton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mer"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To deserve praise
or blame.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*merse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>demersus</i>, p. p. of <i>demergere</i>. See <u>Merge</u>.]
<def>To immerse.</def> [Obs.] <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mersed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Situated or growing under water, as leaves; submersed.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mer"sion</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>demersio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of plunging into a
fluid; a drowning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being overwhelmed in water,
or as if in water.</def> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mes"mer*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
relieve from mesmeric influence. See <u>Mesmerize</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mesne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>demeine</i>,
<i>demain</i>, rule, demesne, OF. <i>demeine</i>, <i>demaine</i>,
<i>demeigne</i>, <i>domaine</i>, power, F. <i>domaine</i> domain, fr.
L. <i>dominium</i> property, right of ownership, fr. <i>dominus</i>
master, proprietor, owner. See <u>Dame</u>, and cf. <u>Demain</u>,
<u>Domain</u>, <u>Danger</u>, <u>Dungeon</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
lord's chief manor place, with that part of the lands belonging
thereto which has not been granted out in tenancy; a house, and the
land adjoining, kept for the proprietor's own use.</def> [Written
also <i>demain</i>.] <i>Wharton's Law Dict. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ancient demesne</b></col>. <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Ancient</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*mesn"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a demesne; of the nature of a demesne.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i-</hw> (?). [F. <i>demi-</i>, fr. L. <i>dimidius</i>
half; <i>di-</i> = <i>dis-</i> + <i>medius</i> middle. See
<u>Medium</u>, and cf. <u>Demy</u>, <u>Dimidiate</u>.] <def>A prefix,
signifying <i>half</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mi"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Demy</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*bas"tion</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>demi- bastion</i>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A half bastion, or that
part of a bastion consisting of one face and one flank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*bri*gade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>demi- brigade</i>.] <def>A half brigade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*ca`dence</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>An imperfect or half cadence, falling on the dominant instead of
on the key note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*can"non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A kind of ordnance, carrying a ball weighing from
thirty to thirty-six pounds.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*cir`cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>demi-
cercle</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring angles, in surveying,
etc. It resembles a protractor, but has an alidade, sights, and a
compass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*cul"ver*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A kind of ordnance, carrying a ball weighing from
nine to thirteen pounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*de"i*fy</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deify
in part.</def> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*dev`il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half
devil.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*god</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half god, or
an inferior deity; a fabulous hero, the offspring of a deity and a
mortal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*god`dess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
demigod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*gorge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>demi-
gorge</i>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>Half the gorge, or entrance into a
bastion, taken from the angle of the flank to the center of the
bastion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>demigrare</i>, <i>demigratum</i>, to emigrate. See <u>De</u>-, and
<u>Migrate</u>.] <def>To emigrate.</def> [Obs.] <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem`i*gra"tion</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>demigratio</i>.] <def>Emigration.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*groat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half
groat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i-is`land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Peninsula.</def> [Obs.] <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*john</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>dame-
jeanne</i>, i.e., Lady Jane, a corruption of Ar.
<i>damaj&amacr;na</i>, <i>damj&amacr;na</i>, prob. fr.
<i>Damaghan</i> a town in the Persian province of Khorassan, once
famous for its glass works.] <def>A glass vessel or bottle with a
large body and small neck, inclosed in wickerwork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*lance`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light
lance; a short spear; a half pike; also, a demilancer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*lan`cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soldier of
light cavalry of the 16th century, who carried a demilance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*lune`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>demi-
lune</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A work constructed
beyond the main ditch of a fortress, and in front of the curtain
between two bastions, intended to defend the curtain; a ravelin. See
<u>Ravelin</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A crescentic mass of
granular protoplasm present in the salivary glands.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Each crescent is made of polyhedral cells which under some
circumstances are supposed to give rise to new salivary cells.</p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*man`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half
man.</def> [R.] <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem`i*monde"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; <i>demi</i> +
<i>monde</i> world, L. <i>mundus</i>.] <def>Persons of doubtful
reputation; esp., women who are kept as mistresses, though not public
prostitutes; demireps.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Literary demimonde</b></col>, <cd>writers of the lowest
kind.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*na"tured</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
half the nature of another.</def> [R.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*qua`ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A note of half the length of the quaver; a semiquaver.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Dem`i*re*lief"</hw> (?), <hw>Dem`i*re*lie"vo</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Half relief. See <u>Demi-
rilievo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*rep`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr. <i>demi-
reputation</i>.] <def>A woman of doubtful reputation or suspected
character; an adventuress.</def> [Colloq.] <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dem"i-ri*lie"vo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>demi-</i> + It. <i>rilievo</i>.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Half relief; sculpture in relief of which
the figures project from the background by one half their full
roundness.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A work of sculpture of the
above character. See <u>Alto-rilievo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mis`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The state of being demisable.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mis"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Demise</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Capable of being leased; as, a
<i>demisable</i> estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;mettre</i>, p. p. <i>d&eacute;mis</i>,
<i>d&eacute;mise</i>, to put away, lay down; pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i>
(L. <i>de</i> or <i>dis-</i>) + <i>mettre</i> to put, place, lay, fr.
L. <i>mittere</i> to send. See <u>Mission</u>, and cf.
<u>Dismiss</u>, <u>Demit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Transmission
by formal act or conveyance to an heir or successor; transference;
especially, the transfer or transmission of the crown or royal
authority to a successor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The decease of a royal or princely person;
hence, also, the death of any illustrious person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After the <i>demise</i> of the Queen [of George II.],
in 1737, they [drawing- rooms] were held but twice a
week.</blockquote> <i>P. Cunningham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The conveyance or transfer of
an estate, either in fee for life or for years, most commonly the
latter.</def> <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>demise</i> of the crown is a transfer of the crown,
royal authority, or kingdom, to a successor. Thus, when Edward IV.
was driven from his throne for a few months by the house of
Lancaster, this temporary transfer of his dignity was called a
<i>demise</i>. Thus the natural death of a king or queen came to be
denominated a <i>demise</i>, as by that event the crown is
transferred to a successor. <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Demise and redemise</b></col>, <cd>a conveyance where
there are mutual leases made from one to another of the same land, or
something out of it.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Death; decease; departure. See <u>Death</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*mise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Demised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Demising</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To transfer or transmit by
succession or inheritance; to grant or bestow by will; to
bequeath.</def> "Power to <i>demise</i> my lands." <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What honor<BR>
Canst thou <i>demise</i> to any child of mine?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To convey; to give.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His soul is at his conception <i>demised</i> to
him.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To convey, as an estate, by
lease; to lease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem`i*sem"i*qua`ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short note, equal in time to the half of a
semiquaver, or the thirty-second part of a whole note.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*miss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>demissus</i>,
p. p. of <i>demittere</i>.] <def>Cast down; humble; submissive.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He down descended like a most <i>demiss</i><BR>
And abject thrall.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>demissio</i>, fr. <i>demittere</i>. See <u>Demit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of demitting, or the state of being
demitted; a letting down; a lowering; dejection.</def>
"<i>Demission</i> of mind." <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Demission</i> of sovereign authority.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resignation of an office.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>De*mis"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to transfer or conveyance; as, a
<i>demissionary</i> deed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to lower, depress, or
degrade.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*miss"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Demiss</u>.] <def>Downcast; submissive; humble.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They pray with <i>demissive</i> eyelids.</blockquote>
<i>Lord (1630).</i></p>

<p><hw>De*miss"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a humble
manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*suit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A suit of light armor covering less than the whole
body, as having no protection for the legs below the thighs, no vizor
to the helmet, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Demitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Demitting</u>.] [L. <i>demittere</i> to send or bring down, to
lower; <i>de-</i> + <i>mittere</i> to send. Cf. <u>Demise</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let fall; to depress.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They [peacocks] <i>demit</i> and let fall the same
[<i>i. e.</i>, their train].</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To yield or submit; to humble; to lower;
as, to <i>demit</i> one's self to humble duties.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lay down, as an office; to
resign.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>General Conway <i>demitted</i> his
office.</blockquote> <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*tint`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of a painting, engraving, or the
like, which is neither in full darkness nor full light.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The shade itself; neither the darkest nor
the lightest in a composition. Also called <i>half
tint</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*tone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Semitone.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*urge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dhmioyrgo`s</grk> a worker for the people, a workman, especially
the maker of the world, the Creator; <grk>dh`mios</grk> belonging to
the people (fr. <grk>dh^mos</grk> the people) + <grk>'e`rgon</grk> a
work.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>The chief
magistrate in some of the Greek states.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>God, as the Maker of the world.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>According to the Gnostics, an agent or one
employed by the Supreme Being to create the material universe and
man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem`i*ur"gic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dhmioyrgiko`s</grk>.] <def>Pertaining to a demiurge; formative;
creative.</def> "<i>Demiurgic</i> power." <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*vill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Old Law)</i>
<def>A half vill, consisting of five freemen or frankpledges.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*volt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>demi-
volte</i>.] <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A half vault; one of the seven
artificial motions of a horse, in which he raises his fore legs in a
particular manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"i*wolf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half wolf; a
mongrel dog, between a dog and a wolf.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mob`i*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;mobilisation</i>. See <u>Mobilization</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>The disorganization or disarming of troops which have previously
been mobilized or called into active service; the change from a war
footing to a peace footing.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mob"i*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;mobiliser</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To disorganize, or
disband and send home, as troops which have been
<i>mobilized</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*moc"ra*cy</hw> (d&esl;*m&obreve;k"r&adot;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Democracies</b></plw> (-
s&ibreve;z). [F. <i>d&eacute;mocratie</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>dhmokrati`a</grk>; <grk>dh^mos</grk> the people +
<grk>kratei^n</grk> to be strong, to rule, <grk>kra`tos</grk>
strength.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Government by the people; a form
of government in which the supreme power is retained and directly
exercised by the people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Government by popular representation; a
form of government in which the supreme power is retained by the
people, but is indirectly exercised through a system of
representation and delegated authority periodically renewed; a
constitutional representative government; a republic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Collectively, the people, regarded as the
source of government.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The principles and policy of the
Democratic party, so called.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dem"o*crat</hw> (d&ebreve;m"&osl;*kr&abreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>d&eacute;mocrate</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is an adherent or advocate of
democracy, or government by the people.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever they call him, what care I,<BR>
Aristocrat, <i>democrat</i>, autocrat.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of the Democratic party.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dem`o*crat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;mocratique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to
democracy; favoring democracy, or constructed upon the principle of
government by the people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to a political party so
called.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Befitting the common people; -- opposed to
<i>aristocratic</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Democratic party</b></col>, <cd>the name of one of the
chief political parties in the United States.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dem`o*crat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Democratic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>democratical</i> embassy was democratically
received.</blockquote> <i>Algernon Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem`o*crat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
democratic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*moc"ra*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles or spirit of a democracy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*moc"ra*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
democrat.</def> [R.] <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*moc"ra*tize</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
democratic.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*moc"ra*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Democracy.</def> [Obs.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 389 !></p>

<p><hw>De`mo*gor"gon</hw> (d&emacr;"m&osl;*g&ocirc;r*g&obreve;n
<i>or</i> d&ebreve;m"&osl;*g&ocirc;r*g&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [First mentioned by Lutatius, or Lactantius
Placidus, the scholiast on Statius, perh. fr. Gr. <grk>dai`mwn</grk>
god, deity + <grk>gorgo`s</grk> fierce, terrible] <def>A mysterious,
terrible, and evil divinity, regarded by some as the author of
creation, by others as a great magician who was supposed to command
the spirits of the lower world. See <u>Gorgon</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Orcus and Ades, and the dreaded name<BR>
Of <i>Demogorgon</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mog"ra*phy</hw> (d&esl;*m&obreve;g"r&adot;f&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>dh^mos</grk> the people + <i>-
graphy</i>.] <def>The study of races, as to births, marriages,
mortality, health, etc.</def> -- <wf>Dem`o*graph"ic</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||De`moi`selle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Damsel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A young lady; a damsel; a
lady's maid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Numidian crane
(<i>Anthropoides virgo</i>); -- so called on account of the grace and
symmetry of its form and movements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A beautiful, small
dragon fly of the genus <i>Agrion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mol"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Demolished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Demolishing</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;molir</i>, fr. L.
<i>demoliri</i>, p. p. <i>demolitus</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>moliri</i>
to set a thing in motion, to work, construct, from <i>moles</i> a
huge mass or structure. See <u>Mole</u> a mound, and <u>Finish</u>.]
<def>To throw or pull down; to raze; to destroy the fabric of; to
pull to pieces; to ruin; as, to <i>demolish</i> an edifice, or a
wall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I expected the fabric of my book would long since have
been <i>demolished</i>, and laid even with the ground.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Demolish</u>, <u>Overturn</u>,
<u>Destroy</u>, <u>Dismantle</u>, <u>Raze</u>. That is
<i>overturned</i> or <i>overthrown</i> which had stood upright; that
is destroyed whose component parts are scattered; that is
<i>demolished</i> which had formed a mass or structure; that is
<i>dismantled</i> which is stripped of its covering, as a vessel of
its sails, or a fortress of its bastions, etc.; that is <i>razed</i>
which is brought down smooth, and level to the ground. An ancient
pillar is <i>overturned</i> or <i>overthrown</i> as the result of
decay; a city is <i>destroyed</i> by an invasion of its enemies; a
monument, the walls of a castle, a church, or any structure, real or
imaginary, may be <i>demolished</i>; a fortress may be
<i>dismantled</i> from motives of prudence, in order to render it
defenseless; a city may be <i>razed</i> by way of punishment, and its
ruins become a memorial of vengeance.</p>

<p><hw>De*mol"ish`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, demolishes; as, a <i>demolisher</i> of towns.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mol"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Demolition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem`o*li"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>demolitio</i>, fr. <i>demoliri</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;molition</i>. See <u>Demolish</u>.] <def>The act of
overthrowing, pulling down, or destroying a pile or structure;
destruction by violence; utter overthrow; -- opposed to
<i>construction</i>; as, the <i>demolition</i> of a house, of
military works, of a town, or of hopes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem`o*li"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
demolisher.</def> [R.] <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;mon</i>,
L. <i>daemon</i> a spirit, an evil spirit, fr. Gr. &?; a divinity; of
uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A
spirit, or immaterial being, holding a middle place between men and
deities in pagan mythology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>demon</i> kind is of an intermediate nature
between the divine and the human.</blockquote> <i>Sydenham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One's genius; a tutelary spirit or
internal voice; as, the <i>demon</i> of Socrates.</def> [Often
written <i>d&aelig;mon</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An evil spirit; a devil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That same <i>demon</i> that hath gulled thee
thus.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"mon*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
demon.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mon`e*ti*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of demonetizing, or the condition of being demonetized.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mon"e*tize</hw> (?; see <u>Monetary</u>), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive of current value; to withdraw from use,
as money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [gold mohurs] have been completely
<i>demonetized</i> by the [East India] Company.</blockquote> <i>R.
Cobden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*mo"ni*ac</hw> (?), <hw>Dem`o*ni"a*cal</hw> (?; 277), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>daemoniacus</i>, fr. <i>daemon</i>; cf.
F. <i>d&eacute;moniaque</i>. See <u>Demon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or characteristic of, a demon or evil spirit;
devilish; as, a <i>demoniac</i> being; <i>demoniacal</i>
practices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sarcastic, <i>demoniacal</i> laughter.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Influenced or produced by a demon or evil
spirit; as, <i>demoniac</i> or <i>demoniacal</i> power.</def>
"<i>Demoniac</i> frenzy." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mo"ni*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A human being possessed by a demon or evil spirit; one whose
faculties are directly controlled by a demon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>demoniac</i> in the gospel was sometimes cast
into the fire.</blockquote> <i>Bates.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect of
Anabaptists who maintain that the demons or devils will finally be
saved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem`o*ni"a*cal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
demoniacal manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem`o*ni"a*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being demoniac, or the practices of demoniacs.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mo"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a demon.</def> [Obs.] <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to,
or having the nature of, a demon.</def> "<i>Demonian</i> spirits."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mo"ni*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being possessed by a demon or by demons.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mo"ni*asm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Demonianism</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*mo"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>daemonicus</i>, Gr. <grk>daimoniko`s</grk>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to a demon or to demons; demoniac.</def> "<i>Demonic</i> ambushes."
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"mon*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;monisme</i>.] <def>The belief in demons or false
gods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The established theology of the heathen world . . .
rested upon the basis of <i>demonism</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Farmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"mon*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in, or
worshiper of, demons.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"mon*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Demonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Demonizing</u>.] [Cf. LL. <i>daemonizare</i> to be
possessed by a demon, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convert
into a demon; to infuse the principles or fury of a demon
into.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To control or possess by a
demon.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`mon*oc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dai`mwn</grk> demon + <grk>kra`tos</grk> strength: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;monocratie</i>.] <def>The power or government of
demons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>demonocracy</i> of unclean spirits.</blockquote>
<i>H. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`mon*og"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Demon</i>
+ <i>-graph</i> + <i>-er</i>.] <def>A demonologist.</def> [R.] <i>Am.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`mon*ol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dai`mwn</grk> demon + <grk>latrei`a</grk> worship, &?; to serve,
worship: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;monol&acirc;trie</i>.] <def>The worship
of demons.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`mon*ol"o*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in demonology.</def> <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>De`mon*o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>De`mon*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>d&eacute;monologique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to demonology.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`mon*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
writes on, or is versed in, demonology.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`mon*ol"o*gy</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Demon</i> + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;monologie</i>.]
<def>A treatise on demons; a supposititious science which treats of
demons and their manifestations.</def> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`mon*om"a*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dai`mwn</grk> demon + <grk>magei`a</grk> magic.] <def>Magic in
which the aid of demons is invoked; black or infernal magic.</def>
<i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mon`o*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Demon</i>
+ <i>mania</i>.] <def>A form of madness in which the patient
conceives himself possessed of devils.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mon"o*mist</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One in
subjection to a demon, or to demons.</def> [R.] <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mon"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dai`mwn</grk> demon + <grk>no`mos</grk> law.] <def>The dominion
of demons.</def> [R.] <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"mon*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Demoniacal
influence or possession.</def> <i>J. Baillie.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"mon*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of a
demon.</def> <i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mon`stra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being demonstrable; demonstrableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mon"stra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>demonstrabilis</i>: cf. OF. <i>demonstrable</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;montrable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being
demonstrated; that can be proved beyond doubt or question.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The grand articles of our belief are as
<i>demonstrable</i> as geometry.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proved; apparent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mon"stra*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being demonstrable; demonstrability.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mon"stra*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
demonstrable manner; incontrovertibly; clearly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cases that <i>demonstrably</i> concerned the public
cause.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mon"strance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>demonstrance</i>.] <def>Demonstration; proof.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem"on*strate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>demonstratus</i>, p. p. of <i>demonstrare</i> to demonstrate;
<i>de-</i> + <i>monstrare</i> to show. See <u>Monster</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To point out; to show; to exhibit; to make
evident.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To show, or make evident, by reasoning or
proof; to prove by deduction; to establish so as to exclude the
possibility of doubt or denial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We can not <i>demonstrate</i> these things so as to
show that the contrary often involves a contradiction.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>To exhibit and explain (a
dissection or other anatomical preparation).</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"on*stra`ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Demonstrator</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem`on*stra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>demonstratio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;monstration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of demonstrating; an exhibition;
proof; especially, proof beyond the possibility of doubt; indubitable
evidence, to the senses or reason.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those intervening ideas which serve to show the
agreement of any two others are called "proofs;" and where agreement
or disagreement is by this means plainly and clearly perceived, it is
called <i>demonstration</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An expression, as of the feelings, by
outward signs; a manifestation; a show.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did your letters pierce the queen to any
<i>demonstration</i> of grief?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Loyal <i>demonstrations</i> toward the
prince.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The exhibition and
explanation of a dissection or other anatomical
preparation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>(Mil.) a decisive exhibition of force, or
a movement indicating an attack.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The act of proving by the
syllogistic process, or the proof itself.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A course of reasoning
showing that a certain result is a necessary consequence of assumed
premises; -- these premises being definitions, axioms, and previously
established propositions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Direct</b></col>, or <col><b>Positive</b></col>,
<col><b>demonstration</b></col> <i>(Logic &amp; Math.)</i>, <cd>one in
which the correct conclusion is the immediate sequence of reasoning
from axiomatic or established premises</cd>; -- opposed to
<col><b>Indirect</b></col>, or <col><b>Negative</b></col>,
<col><b>demonstration</b></col> <cd>(called also <i>reductio ad
absurdum</i>), in which the correct conclusion is an inference from
the demonstration that any other hypothesis must be
incorrect.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*mon"stra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;monstratif</i>, L. <i>demonstrativus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the nature of demonstration; tending
to demonstrate; making evident; exhibiting clearly or
conclusively.</def> "<i>Demonstrative</i> figures."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An argument necessary and
<i>demonstrative</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing, or apt to express, much;
displaying feeling or sentiment; as, her nature was
<i>demonstrative</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of eulogy or of
invective.</def> "<i>Demonstrative</i> eloquence." <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Demonstrative pronoun</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a
pronoun distinctly designating that to which it refers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*mon"stra*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>A demonstrative pronoun; as, "this" and "that" are
<i>demonstratives</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mon"stra*tive*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner fitted to demonstrate; clearly; convincingly;
forcibly.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mon"stra*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being demonstrative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"on*stra`tor</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf.
F. <i>d&eacute;monstrateur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
demonstrates; one who proves anything with certainty, or establishes
it by indubitable evidence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A teacher of practical
anatomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mon"stra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to demonstrate; demonstrative.</def> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mor"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Demurrage.</def> [Obs.] <i>Pepys (1663).</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mor`al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;moralisation</i>.] <def>The act of corrupting or
subverting morals. Especially: The act of corrupting or subverting
discipline, courage, hope, etc., or the state of being corrupted or
subverted in discipline, courage, etc.; as, the <i>demoralization</i>
of an army or navy.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mor"al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Demoralized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Demoralizing</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;moraliser</i>;
pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i> or <i>de</i>) +
<i>moraliser</i>. See <u>Moralize</u>.] <def>To corrupt or undermine
in morals; to destroy or lessen the effect of moral principles on; to
render corrupt or untrustworthy in morals, in discipline, in courage,
spirit, etc.; to weaken in spirit or efficiency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>demoralizing</i> example of profligate power
and prosperous crime.</blockquote> <i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The vices of the nobility had <i>demoralized</i> the
army.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dem`os*then"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Demosthenicus</i>: cf. F. <i>D&eacute;mosth&eacute;nique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or in the style of, Demosthenes, the Grecian
orator.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dhmotiko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>dh^mos</grk> the people: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;motique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the people;
popular; common.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Demotic alphabet</b></col> or <col><b>character</b></col>,
<cd>a form of writing used in Egypt after six or seven centuries
before Christ, for books, deeds, and other such writings; a
simplified form of the hieratic character; -- called also
<i>epistolographic character</i>, and <i>enchorial character</i>. See
<u>Enchorial</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*mount"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
dismount.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Demp"ne</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To damn; to
condemn.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Demp"ster</hw> (?; 215), <hw>Dem"ster</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Deemster</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
deemster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Scots Law)</i> <def>An officer whose
duty it was to announce the doom or sentence pronounced by the
court.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mulce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>demulcere</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>mulcere</i> to stroke, soothe.]
<def>To soothe; to mollify; to pacify; to soften.</def> [R.] <i>Sir
T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mul"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>demulcens</i>, p. pr. of <i>demulcere</i>.] <def>Softening;
mollifying; soothing; assuasive; as, oil is
<i>demulcent</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mul"cent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
substance, usually of a mucilaginous or oily nature, supposed to be
capable of soothing an inflamed nervous membrane, or protecting it
from irritation. Gum Arabic, glycerin, olive oil, etc., are
demulcents.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mul"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
soothing; that which soothes.</def> <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Demurred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Demurring</u>.] [OF. <i>demurer</i>, <i>demorer</i>,
<i>demourer</i>, to linger, stay, F. <i>demeurer</i>, fr. L.
<i>demorari</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>morari</i> to delay, tarry, stay,
<i>mora</i> delay; prob. originally, time for thinking, reflection,
and akin to <i>memor</i> mindful. See <u>Memory</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To linger; to stay; to tarry.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet durst not <i>demur</i> nor abide upon the
camp.</blockquote> <i>Nicols.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To delay; to pause; to suspend proceedings
or judgment in view of a doubt or difficulty; to hesitate; to put off
the determination or conclusion of an affair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon this rub, the English embassadors thought fit to
<i>demur</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To scruple or object; to take exception;
as, I <i>demur</i> to that statement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To interpose a demurrer. See
<u>Demurrer</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mur"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To suspend judgment concerning; to doubt of or hesitate
about.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The latter I <i>demur</i>, for in their looks<BR>
Much reason, and in their actions, oft appears.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause delay to; to put off.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He demands a fee,<BR>
And then <i>demurs</i> me with a vain delay.</blockquote>
<i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mur"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>demor</i>,
<i>demore</i>, stay, delay. See <u>Demur</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>Stop; pause; hesitation as to proceeding; suspense
of decision or action; scruple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All my <i>demurs</i> but double his attacks;<BR>
At last he whispers, "Do; and we go snacks."</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Perh. from OF. <i>de
murs</i> (i. e., <i>de bonnes murs</i> of good manners); <i>de</i> of
+ <i>murs</i>, <i>mours</i>, <i>meurs</i>, <i>mors</i>, F.
<i>m&?;urs</i>, fr. L. <i>mores</i> (sing. <i>mos</i>) manners,
morals (see <u>Moral</u>); or more prob. fr. OF. <i>me&uuml;r</i>, F.
<i>m&ucirc;r</i> mature, ripe (see <u>Mature</u>) in a phrase
preceded by <i>de</i>, <i>as de m&ucirc;re conduite</i> of mature
conduct.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of sober or serious mien; composed
and decorous in bearing; of modest look; staid; grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sober, steadfast, and <i>demure</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nan was very much delighted in her <i>demure</i> way,
and that delight showed itself in her face and in her clear bright
eyes.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affectedly modest, decorous, or serious;
making a show of gravity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cat lay, and looked so <i>demure</i>, as if there
had been neither life nor soul in her.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Miss Lizzy, I have no doubt, would be as <i>demure</i>
and coquettish, as if ten winters more had gone over her
head.</blockquote> <i>Miss Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mure"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To look
demurely.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mure"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a demure
manner; soberly; gravely; -- now, commonly, with a mere show of
gravity or modesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . looked as <i>demurely</i> as they could;
for 't was a hanging matter to laugh unseasonably.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 390 !></p>

<p><hw>De*mure"ness</hw> (d&esl;*m&umacr;r"n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being demure; gravity; the
show of gravity or modesty.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mur"i*ty</hw> (d&esl;*m&umacr;r"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Demureness; also, one who is demure.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mur"ra*ble</hw> (d&esl;*m&ucirc;r"r&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be demurred to.</def>
<i>Stormonth.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mur"rage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>demorage</i> delay. See <u>Demur</u>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The detention of a vessel by the freighter
beyond the time allowed in her charter party for loading, unloading,
or sailing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The allowance made to the
master or owner of the ship for such delay or detention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The claim for <i>demurrage</i> ceases as soon as the
ship is cleared out and ready for sailing.</blockquote>
<i>M&lsquo;Culloch.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term is also applied to similar delays and allowances
in land carriage, by wagons, railroads, etc.</p>

<p><hw>De*mur"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Demur; delay in
acting or deciding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The same causes of <i>demurral</i> existed which
prevented British troops from assisting in the expulsion of the
French from Rome.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*mur"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who demurs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A stop or pause by a party to
an action, for the judgment of the court on the question, whether,
assuming the truth of the matter alleged by the opposite party, it is
sufficient in law to sustain the action or defense, and hence whether
the party resting is bound to answer or proceed further.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Demurrer to evidence</b></col>, <cd>an exception taken by
a party to the evidence offered by the opposite party, and an
objecting to proceed further, on the allegation that such evidence is
not sufficient in law to maintain the issue, and a reference to the
court to determine the point.</cd>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*my"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Demies</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Demi-</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A printing and a writing paper of particular sizes. See under
<u>Paper</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A half fellow at Magdalen College,
Oxford.</def> [Written also <i>demi</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was elected into Magdalen College as a <i>demy</i>;
a term by which that society denominates those elsewhere called
"scholars," young men who partake of the founder's benefaction, and
succeed in their order to vacant fellowships.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*my"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or made
of, the size of paper called <i>demy</i>; as, a <i>demy</i>
book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>denn</i>; perh.
akin to G. <i>tenne</i> floor, thrashing floor, and to AS.
<i>denu</i> valley.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small cavern or hollow
place in the side of a hill, or among rocks; esp., a cave used by a
wild beast for shelter or concealment; as, a lion's <i>den</i>; a
<i>den</i> of robbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A squalid place of resort; a wretched
dwelling place; a haunt; as, a <i>den</i> of vice.</def> "Those
squalid <i>dens</i>, which are the reproach of great capitals."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any snug or close retreat where one goes
to be alone.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [AS. <i>denu</i>.] <def>A narrow glen; a
ravine; a dell.</def> [Old Eng. &amp; Scotch]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Den</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To live in, or as in, a
den.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sluggish salvages that <i>den</i>
below.</blockquote> <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nar"co*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of narcotine; as, to <i>denarcotize</i> opium.</def> --
<wf>De*nar`co*ti*za"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||De*na"ri*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Denarii</b></plw> (#). [L. See 2d <u>Denier</u>.] <def>A
Roman silver coin of the value of about fourteen cents; the "penny"
of the New Testament; -- so called from being worth originally
<i>ten</i> of the pieces called <i>as</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>denarius</i>.
See 2d <u>Denier</u>.] <def>Containing ten; tenfold; proceeding by
tens; as, the <i>denary</i>, or decimal, scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The number ten; a division into ten.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coin; the Anglicized form of
<i>denarius</i>.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*na`tion*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;nationalisation</i>.] <def>The act or process of
denationalizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*na"tion*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Denationalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Denationalizing</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;nationaliser</i>.] <def>To divest or deprive of national
character or rights.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bonaparte's decree <i>denationalizes</i>, as he calls
it, all ships that have touched at a British port.</blockquote>
<i>Cobbett.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An expatriated, <i>denationalized</i>
race.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nat"u*ral*ize</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Denaturalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Denaturalizing</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;naturaliser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render
unnatural; to alienate from nature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To renounce the natural rights and duties
of; to deprive of citizenship; to denationalize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They also claimed the privilege, when aggrieved, of
<i>denaturalizing</i> themselves, or, in other words, of publicly
renouncing their allegiance to their sovereign, and of enlisting
under the banners of his enemy.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Deny</u>.]
<def>To deny.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That with great rage he stoutly doth
<i>denay</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nay"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Denial; refusal.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Den"dra*chate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dendrachates</i>; Gr. <grk>de`ndron</grk> a tree + &?; agate: cf.
F. <i>dendrachate</i>, <i>dendragate</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Arborescent or dendritic agate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"dri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>de`ndron</grk> tree + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Resembling in
structure a tree or shrub.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"drite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dendri`ths</grk>, fem. <grk>dendri^tis</grk>, of a tree, fr.
<grk>de`ndron</grk> a tree: cf. F. <i>dendrite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A stone or mineral on or in which are branching figures
resembling shrubs or trees, produced by a foreign mineral, usually an
oxide of manganese, as in the moss agate; also, a crystallized
mineral having an arborescent form, <i>e. g.</i>, gold or silver; an
arborization.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Den*drit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Den*drit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a dendrite, or to arborescent
crystallization; having a form resembling a shrub or tree;
arborescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Den`dro*c&oelig;"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>de`ndron</grk> tree + <grk>koi^los</grk> hollow.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of the Turbellaria in which the
digestive cavity gives off lateral branches, which are often divided
into smaller branchlets.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Den"droid</hw> (?), <hw>Den*droid"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; treelike; <grk>de`ndron</grk> tree +
&?; form: cf. F. <i>dendro&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Resembling a shrub or
tree in form; treelike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"dro*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>de`ndron</grk> tree + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>dendrolithe</i>.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A petrified or fossil shrub, plant, or part of
a plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den*drol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in the natural history of trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den*drol"o*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to dendrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den*drol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>de`ndron</grk> tree + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>dendrologie</i>.]
<def>A discourse or treatise on trees; the natural history of
trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den*drom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>de`ndron</grk> tree + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F.
<i>dendrom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument to measure the height
and diameter of trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"e*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denegatus</i>, p. p. of <i>denegare</i>. See <u>Deny</u>.] <def>To
deny.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Den`e*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;n&eacute;gation</i>.] <def>Denial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Den"gue</hw> (d&ebreve;&nsm;"g&asl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See Note, below.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A specific epidemic disease
attended with high fever, cutaneous eruption, and severe pains in the
head and limbs, resembling those of rheumatism; -- called also
<i>breakbone fever</i>. It occurs in India, Egypt, the West Indies,
etc., is of short duration, and rarely fatal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This disease, when it first appeared in the British West
India Islands, was called the <i>dandy</i> fever, from the stiffness
and constraint which it grave to the limbs and body. The Spaniards of
the neighboring islands mistook the term for their word
<i>dengue</i>, denoting prudery, which might also well express
stiffness, and hence the term <i>dengue</i> became, as last, the name
of the disease.  <i>Tully.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ni"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Deny</u>.]
<def>Capable of being, or liable to be, denied.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ni"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Deny</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of gainsaying, refusing, or
disowning; negation; -- the contrary of <i>affirmation</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You ought to converse with so much sincerity that your
bare affirmation or <i>denial</i> may be sufficient.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A refusal to admit the truth of a
statement, charge, imputation, etc.; assertion of the untruth of a
thing stated or maintained; a contradiction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A refusal to grant; rejection of a
request.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The commissioners, . . . to obtain from the king's
subjects as much as they would willingly give, . . . had not to
complain of many peremptory <i>denials</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A refusal to acknowledge; disclaimer of
connection with; disavowal; -- the contrary of <i>confession</i>; as,
the <i>denial</i> of a fault charged on one; a <i>denial</i> of
God.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Denial of one's self</b></col>, <cd>a declining of some
gratification; restraint of one's appetites or propensities; self-
denial.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*ni"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Denial.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ni"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who denies;
as, a <i>denier</i> of a fact, or of the faith, or of
Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*nier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>denier</i>,
fr. L. <i>denarius</i> a Roman silver coin orig. equiv. to ten asses,
later, a copper, fr. <i>deni</i> ten by ten, fr. the root of
<i>decem</i> ten; akin to E. <i>ten</i>. See <u>Ten</u>, and cf.
<u>Denary</u>, <u>Dinar</u>.] <def>A small copper coin of
insignificant value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My dukedom to a beggarly <i>denier</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Den"i*grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denigrare</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>nigrare</i> to blacken,
<i>niger</i> black.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To blacken thoroughly;
to make very black.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To blacken or sully; to
defame.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>denigrate</i> the memory of
Voltaire.</blockquote> <i>Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Den`i*gra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denigratio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of making
black.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A blackening; defamation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vigorous <i>denigration</i> of
science.</blockquote> <i>Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Den"i*gra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, blackens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"im</hw> (d&ebreve;n"&ibreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of
uncertain origin.] <def>A coarse cotton drilling used for overalls,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den`i*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-
</i> + <i>nitrate</i>.] <def>A disengaging, or removal, of nitric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ni`tri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act or process of freeing from nitrogen; also, the condition
resulting from the removal of nitrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ni"tri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-
</i> + <i>nitr</i>ogen + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To deprive of, or free
from, nitrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
making one a denizen or adopted citizen; naturalization.</def>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nize"</hw> (d&esl;*n&imacr;z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make a denizen; to confer the rights of citizenship upon; to
naturalize.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There was a private act made for <i>denizing</i> the
children of Richard Hills.</blockquote> <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Den"i*zen</hw> (d&ebreve;n"&ibreve;*z'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>denzein</i>, <i>deinzein</i>, prop., one living (a city or
country); opposed to <i>forain</i> foreign, and fr. <i>denz</i>
within, F. <i>dans</i>, fr. L. <i>de intus</i>, prop., from within,
<i>intus</i> being from <i>in</i> in. See <u>In</u>, and cf.
<u>Foreign</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dweller; an
inhabitant.</def> "<i>Denizens</i> of air."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Denizens</i> of their own free, independent
state.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is admitted by favor to all or a
part of the rights of citizenship, where he did not possess them by
birth; an adopted or naturalized citizen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One admitted to residence in a foreign
country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye gods,<BR>
Natives, or <i>denizens</i>, of blest abodes.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Den"i*zen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To constitute (one) a denizen; to admit to residence, with
certain rights and privileges.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As soon as <i>denizened</i>, they
domineer.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To provide with denizens; to populate with
adopted or naturalized occupants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There [islets] were at once <i>denizened</i> by
various weeds.</blockquote> <i>J. D. Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Den`i*zen*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Denization; denizening.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Den"i*zen*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
constitute (one) a denizen; to denizen.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Den"i*zen*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
a denizen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"mark sat"in</hw> (?). <def>See under
<u>Satin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light, open,
two-wheeled carriage for one horse; a kind of gig.</def> ("The term
and vehicle common about 1825." <i>Latham.</i>)</p>

<p><hw>De*nom"i*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being denominated or named.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nom"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Denominated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Denominating</u> (?).] [L. <i>denominatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>denominare</i> to name; <i>de-</i> + <i>nominare</i> to call by
name. See <u>Nominate</u>.] <def>To give a name to; to characterize
by an epithet; to entitle; to name; to designate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Passions commonly <i>denominating</i>
selfish.</blockquote> <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nom"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denominatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Having a specific name or
denomination; specified in the concrete as opposed to abstract; thus,
7 <i>feet</i> is a <i>denominate</i> quantity, while 7 is mere
abstract quantity or number. See <i>Compound number</i>, under
<u>Compound</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*nom`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denominatio</i> metonymy: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;nomination</i> a
naming.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of naming or
designating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That by which anything is denominated or
styled; an epithet; a name, designation, or title; especially, a
general name indicating a class of like individuals; a category; as,
the <i>denomination</i> of units, or of thousands, or of fourths, or
of shillings, or of tons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those [qualities] which are classed under the
<i>denomination</i> of sublime.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A class, or society of individuals, called
by the same name; a sect; as, a <i>denomination</i> of
Christians.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Name; appellation; title. See <u>Name</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*nom`i*na"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to a denomination, especially to a sect or
society.</def> "<i>Denominational</i> differences."
<i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nom`i*na"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
denominational or class spirit or policy; devotion to the interests
of a sect or denomination.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*nom`i*na"tion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
imbued with a denominational spirit.</def>  <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nom`i*na"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
denominational manner; by denomination or sect.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*nom`i*na"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;nominatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Conferring a
denomination or name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Connotative; as, a
<i>denominative</i> name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Possessing, or capable of possessing, a
distinct denomination or designation; denominable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The least <i>denominative</i> part of time is a
minute.</blockquote> <i>Cocker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Derived from a substantive
or an adjective; as, a <i>denominative</i> verb.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*nom`i*na"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
denominative name or term; denominative verb.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.
Harkness.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nom`i*na"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
denomination.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*nom"i*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;nominateur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that
which, gives a name; origin or source of a name.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This opinion that Aram . . . was the father and
<i>denomination</i> of the Syrians in general.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>That number placed below
the line in vulgar fractions which shows into how many parts the
integer or unit is divided.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Thus, in &frac35;, 5 is the <i>denominator</i>, showing
that the integer is divided into five parts; and the numerator, 3,
shows how many parts are taken.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>That part of any expression
under a fractional form which is situated below the horizontal line
signifying division.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, the <i>denominator</i> is not necessarily a
number, but may be any expression, either positive or negative, real
or imaginary.  <i>Davies &amp; Peck (Math. Dict. )</i></p>

<p><hw>De*not"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Denote</u>.] <def>Capable of being denoted or marked.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*no"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denotatus</i>, p. p. of <i>denotare</i>.] <def>To mark off; to
denote.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>These terms <i>denotate</i> a longer
time.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What things should be <i>denotated</i> and signified
by the color.</blockquote> <i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`no*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denotatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;notation</i>.] <def>The marking
off or separation of anything.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*not"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power
to denote; designating or marking off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Proper names are pre&euml;minently <i>denotative</i>;
telling us that such as object has such a term to denote it, but
telling us nothing as to any single attribute.</blockquote>
<i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*note"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Denoted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Denoting</u>.] [L. <i>denotare</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>notare</i> to
mark, <i>nota</i> mark, sign, note: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;noter</i>. See
<u>Note</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark out plainly; to signify
by a visible sign; to serve as the sign or name of; to indicate; to
point out; as, the hands of the clock <i>denote</i> the
hour.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The better to <i>denote</i> her to the
doctor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be the sign of; to betoken; to signify;
to mean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A general expression to <i>denote</i> wickedness of
every sort.</blockquote> <i>Gilpin.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*note"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sign;
indication.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>&fist; A word found in some editions of Shakespeare.</p>

<p><hw>De*not"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
denote.</def></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`noue`ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;nouement</i>, fr. <i>d&eacute;nouer</i> to untie; pref.
<i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>nouer</i> to tie, fr. L.
<i>nodus</i> knot, perh. for <i>gnodus</i> and akin to E.
<i>knot</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The unraveling or discovery of
a plot; the catastrophe, especially of a drama or a
romance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The solution of a mystery; issue;
outcome.</def></p>

<p><! p. 391 !></p>

<p><hw>De*nounce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Denounced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Denouncing</u>.] [F.  <i>d&eacute;noncer</i>, OF.
<i>denoncier</i>, fr. L. <i>denuntiare</i>, <i>denunciare</i>; <i>de-
</i> + <i>nunciare</i>, <i>nuntiare</i>, to announce, report,
<i>nuntius</i> a messenger, message. See <u>Nuncio</u>, and cf.
<u>Denunciate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make known in a solemn
or official manner; to declare; to proclaim (especially an
evil).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Denouncing</i> wrath to come.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>denounce</i> unto you this day, that ye shall
surely perish.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxx. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To proclaim in a threatening manner; to
threaten by some outward sign or expression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His look <i>denounced</i> desperate.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To point out as deserving of reprehension
or punishment, etc.; to accuse in a threatening manner; to invoke
censure upon; to stigmatize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Denounced</i> for a heretic.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>denounce</i> the immoralities of Julius
C&aelig;sar.</blockquote> <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nounce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>denoncement</i>.] <def>Solemn, official, or menacing announcement;
denunciation.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>False is the reply of Cain, upon the
<i>denouncement</i> of his curse.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*noun"cer</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
denounces, or declares, as a menace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here comes the sad <i>denouncer</i> of my
fate.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dense</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>densus</i>; akin
to Gr. &?;  thick with hair or leaves: cf. F. <i>dense</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the constituent parts massed or
crowded together; close; compact; thick; containing much matter in a
small space; heavy; opaque; as, a <i>dense</i> crowd; a <i>dense</i>
forest; a <i>dense</i> fog.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All sorts of bodies, firm and fluid, <i>dense</i> and
rare.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To replace the cloudy barrier
<i>dense</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stupid; gross; crass; as, <i>dense</i>
ignorance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dense"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dense, compact
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dense"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being dense; density.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den*sim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>densus</i>
dense + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>densim&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An
instrument for ascertaining the specific gravity or density of a
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"si*ty</hw> (d&ebreve;n"s&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>densitas</i>; cf. F.
<i>densit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being
dense, close, or thick; compactness; -- opposed to
<i>rarity</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The ratio of mass, or
quantity of matter, to bulk or volume, esp. as compared with the mass
and volume of a portion of some substance used as a
standard.</def></p>

<p>&fist; For gases the standard substance is hydrogen, at a
temperature of 0&deg; Centigrade and a pressure of 760 millimeters.
For liquids and solids the standard is water at a temperature of
4&deg; Centigrade. The density of solids and liquids is usually
called <i>specific gravity</i>, and the same is true of gases when
referred to air as a standard.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Depth of shade.</def>
<i>Abney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dent</hw> (d&ebreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A variant of
<u>Dint</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stroke; a blow.</def> [Obs.]
"That <i>dent</i> of thunder."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slight depression, or small notch or
hollow, made by a blow or by pressure; an indentation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A blow that would have made a <i>dent</i> in a pound
of butter.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Denting</u>.] <def>To make a dent upon; to indent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The houses <i>dented</i> with bullets.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>dens</i>,
<i>dentis</i>, tooth. See <u>Tooth</u>.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A tooth,
as of a card, a gear wheel, etc.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Den"tal</hw> (d&ebreve;n"t<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>, tooth: cf. F. <i>dental</i>. See
<u>Tooth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the teeth
or to dentistry; as, <i>dental</i> surgery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Formed by the aid of the
teeth; -- said of certain articulations and the letters representing
them; as, <i>d</i> and <i>t</i> are <i>dental</i> letters.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dental formula</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a brief
notation used by zo&ouml;logists to denote the number and kind of
teeth of a mammal.</cd> -- <col><b>Dental surgeon</b></col>, <cd>a
dentist.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Den"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>dentale</i>. See
<u>Dental</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
articulation or letter formed by the aid of the teeth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine mollusk of
the genus <i>Dentalium</i>, with a curved conical shell resembling a
tooth. See <u>Dentalium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"tal*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being formed by the aid of the teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Den*ta"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>, tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus
of marine mollusks belonging to the Scaphopoda, having a tubular
conical shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or bearing, teeth.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The distal bone of the lower jaw in many animals, which may or
may not bear teeth.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Den"tate</hw> (d&ebreve;n"t&asl;t), <hw>Den"ta*ted</hw> (-
t&asl;*t&ebreve;d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dentatus</i>, fr.
<i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>, tooth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Toothed; especially, with the teeth projecting straight out, not
pointed either forward or backward; as, a <i>dentate</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having teeth or
toothlike points. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Antenn&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"tate-cil"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the margin dentate and also ciliate or
fringed with hairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"tate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dentate
or toothed manner; as, <i>dentately</i> ciliated, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"tate-sin"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a form intermediate between dentate and
sinuate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Formation of
teeth; toothed form.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How did it [a bill] get its barb, its
<i>dentation</i>?</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dent"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Dent</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Indented; impressed with little
hollows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dent"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Dentil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Den*telle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Bookbinding)</i> <def>An ornamental tooling like lace.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Den*tel"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [It., sing.
<i>dentello</i>, prop., little tooth, dim. of <i>dente</i> tooth, L.
<i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>.  Cf. <u>Dentil</u>.]
<def>Modillions.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Den"tex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., cf. L.
<i>dentix</i> a sort of sea fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An edible
European marine fish (<i>Sparus dentex</i>, or <i>Dentex
vulgaris</i>) of the family <i>Percid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Den`ti*ce"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>, tooth + <i>cetus</i>, pl. <i>cete</i>,
whale, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The division of Cetacea in
which the teeth are developed, including the sperm whale, dolphins,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"ti*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denticulus</i> a little tooth, dim. of <i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>,
tooth. See <u>Dental</u>, and cf. <u>Dentelli</u>.] <def>A small
tooth or projecting point.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Den*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Den*tic"u*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>denticulatus</i>, fr. <i>denticulus</i>.
See <u>Denticle</u>.] <def>Furnished with denticles; notched into
little toothlike projections; as, a <i>denticulate</i> leaf of
calyx.</def> -- <wf>Den*tic"u*late*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Den*tic`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being set with small notches or
teeth.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A diminutive
tooth; a denticle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dens</i>,
<i>dentis</i>, tooth + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing teeth;
dentigerous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dens</i>,
<i>dentis</i>, tooth + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>dentiforme</i>.]
<def>Having the form of a tooth or of teeth; tooth-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"ti*frice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dentifricium</i>; <i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>, tooth +
<i>fricare</i> to rub: cf. F. <i>dentifrice</i>. See <u>Tooth</u>,
and <u>Friction</u>.] <def>A powder or other substance to be used in
cleaning the teeth; tooth powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den*tig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dens</i>,
<i>dentis</i>, tooth + <i>-gerous</i>.] <def>Bearing teeth or
toothlike structures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"til</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>dentillus</i>,
for L. <i>denticulus</i>.  Cf. <u>Dentelli</u>, <u>Denticle</u>,
<u>Dentile</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small square block or
projection in cornices, a number of which are ranged in an ornamental
band; -- used particularly in the Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite
orders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den`ti*la"bi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed by
the teeth and the lips, or representing a sound so formed.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A dentilabial sound or letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"ti*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Toothed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den`ti*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Dentition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"ti*lave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dens</i>,
<i>dentis</i>, tooth + <i>lavare</i> to wash.] <def>A wash for
cleaning the teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>dentillus</i>,
for L. <i>denticulus</i>. See <u>Dentil</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small tooth, like that of a saw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den`ti*lin"gual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dens</i>
tooth + E. <i>lingual</i>.] <def>Produced by applying the tongue to
the teeth or to the gums; or representing a sound so formed.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A dentilingual sound or letter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The letters of this fourth, <i>dentilingual</i> or
linguidental, class, viz., d, t, s, z, l, r.</blockquote> <i>Am.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Den*til"o*quist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
speaks through the teeth, that is, with the teeth closed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den*til"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dens</i>,
<i>dentis</i>, tooth + <i>loqui</i> to speak.] <def>The habit or
practice of speaking through the teeth, or with them
closed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"ti*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to dentine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"tine</hw> (-t&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dentine</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The dense calcified substance of
which teeth are largely composed. It contains less animal matter than
bone, and in the teeth of man is situated beneath the
enamel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"ti*phone</hw> (d&ebreve;n"t&ibreve;*f&omacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>, tooth + Gr.
<grk>fwnh`</grk> sound.] <def>An instrument which, placed against the
teeth, conveys sound to the auditory nerve; an audiphone.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Den`ti*ros"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dentirostres</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>dens</i>,
<i>dentis</i>, tooth + <i>rostrum</i> bill, beak: cf. F.
<i>dentirostre</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A dentirostral
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den`ti*ros"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a toothed bill; -- applied to a group
of passerine birds, having the bill notched, and feeding chiefly on
insects, as the shrikes and vireos. See <i>Illust.</i> (<i>N</i>)
under <u>Beak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den`ti*ros"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Dentirostral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"ti*scalp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dens</i>
tooth + <i>scalpere</i> to scrape.] <def>An instrument for scraping
the teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>dens</i>,
<i>dentis</i>, tooth: cf. F. <i>dentiste</i>. See <u>Tooth</u>.]
<def>One whose business it is to clean, extract, or repair natural
teeth, and to make and insert artificial ones; a dental
surgeon.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Den*tis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Den*tis"ti*cal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to dentistry or to
dentists.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Den"tist*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
profession of a dentist; dental surgery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dentitio</i>, fr. <i>dentire</i> to cut teeth, fr. <i>dens</i>,
<i>dentis</i>, tooth. See <u>Dentist</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The development and cutting of teeth; teething.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The system of teeth
peculiar to an animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dentized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dentizing</u>.] [L. <i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>,
tooth.] <def>To breed or cut new teeth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The old countess . . . did <i>dentize</i> twice or
thrice.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Den"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dens</i>,
<i>dentis</i>, tooth + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Shaped like a tooth; tooth-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den`to*lin"gual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Dentilingual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Den"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dens</i>,
<i>dentis</i>, tooth: cf. F. <i>denture</i>, OF. <i>denteure</i>.]
<i>(Dentistry)</i> <def>An artificial tooth, block, or set of
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*nud"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denudatus</i>, p. p. of <i>denudare</i>. See <u>Denude</u>.]
<def>To denude.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Den`u*da"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denudatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;nudation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of stripping off covering, or
removing the surface; a making bare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The laying bare of rocks by
the washing away of the overlying earth, etc.; or the excavation and
removal of them by the action of running water.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*nude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denudare</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>nudare</i> to make naked or bare,
<i>nudus</i> naked. See <u>Nude</u>.] <def>To divest of all covering;
to make bare or naked; to strip; to divest; as, to <i>denude</i> one
of clothing, or lands.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*nun"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denuntiatus</i>, <i>denunciatus</i>, p. p. of <i>denuntiare</i>,
<i>-ciare</i>. See <u>Denounce</u>.] <def>To denounce; to condemn
publicly or solemnly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>denunciate</i> this new work.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nun`ci*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denuntiatio</i>, <i>-ciatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Proclamation; announcement; a publishing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Public . . . <i>denunciation</i> of banns before
marriage.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of denouncing; public menace or
accusation; the act of inveighing against, stigmatizing, or publicly
arraigning; arraignment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That by which anything is denounced;
threat of evil; public menace or accusation; arraignment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Uttering bold <i>denunciations</i> of ecclesiastical
error.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nun"ci*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denuntiativus</i>, <i>-ciativus</i>, monitory.] <def>Same as
<u>Denunciatory</u>.</def>  <i>Farrar.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*nun"ci*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>denuntiator</i>, <i>-ciator</i>, a police officer.] <def>One who
denounces, publishes, or proclaims, especially intended or coming
evil; one who threatens or accuses.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*nun"ci*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characterized by or containing a denunciation; minatory;
accusing; threatening; as, severe and <i>denunciatory</i>
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`nu*tri"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The opposition of nutrition; the failure of
nutrition causing the breaking down of tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ny"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Denied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Denying</u>.] [OE. <i>denien</i>, <i>denaien</i>, OF.
<i>denier</i>, <i>deneer</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;nier</i>, fr. L.
<i>denegare</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>negare</i> to say no, deny. See
<u>Negation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To declare not to be true;
to gainsay; to contradict; -- opposed to <i>affirm</i>, <i>allow</i>,
or <i>admit</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; We <i>deny</i> what another says, or we <i>deny</i> the
truth of an assertion, the force of it, or the assertion itself.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refuse (to do something or to accept
something); to reject; to decline; to renounce.</def> [Obs.] "If you
<i>deny</i> to dance."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To refuse to grant; to withhold; to refuse
to gratify or yield to; as, to <i>deny</i> a request.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who finds not Providence all good and wise,<BR>
Alike in what it gives, and what <i>denies</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To some men, it is more agreeable to <i>deny</i> a
vicious inclination, than to gratify it.</blockquote> <i>J.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To disclaim connection with,
responsibility for, and the like; to refuse to acknowledge; to
disown; to abjure; to disavow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The falsehood of <i>denying</i> his
opinion.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou thrice <i>denied</i>, yet thrice
beloved.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To deny one's self</b></col>, <cd>to decline the
gratification of appetites or desires; to practice self-
denial.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him <i>deny</i> himself, and take up his
cross.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xvi. 24.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ny"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To answer in
&?;&?;&?; negative; to declare an assertion not to be true.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then Sarah <i>denied</i>, saying, I laughed not; for
she was afraid.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xviii. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ny"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of one denies a request.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`ob*struct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To remove
obstructions or impediments in; to clear from anything that hinders
the passage of fluids; as, to <i>deobstruct</i> the pores or
lacteals.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ob"stru*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Removing obstructions; having power to clear or open the natural
ducts of the fluids and secretions of the body; aperient.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine which removes
obstructions; an aperient.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"o*dand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>deodandum</i>, fr. L. <i>Deo dandum</i> to be given to God.]
<i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>A personal chattel which had caused the
death of a person, and for that reason was given to God, that is,
forfeited to the crown, to be applied to pious uses, and distributed
in alms by the high almoner. Thus, if a cart ran over a man and
killed him, it was forfeited as a <i>deodand</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Deodands</i> are unknown in American law, and in 1846
were abolished in England.</p>

<p><hw>De`o*dar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name, fr.
Skr. <i>d&emacr;vad&amacr;ru</i>, prop., timber of the gods.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of cedar (<i>Cedrus Deodara</i>), growing
in India, highly valued for its size and beauty as well as for its
timber, and also grown in England as an ornamental tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"o*date`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Deo</i> to
God (<i>Deus</i> God) + <i>datum</i> thing given.] <def>A gift or
offering to God.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wherein that blessed widow's <i>deodate</i> was laid
up.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*o"dor*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
deodorizer.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*o`dor*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of depriving of odor, especially of offensive odors resulting from
impurities.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*o"dor*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of odor, especially of such as results from impurities.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*o"dor*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>He who, or
that which, deodorizes; esp., an agent that destroys offensive
odors.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*on"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deoneratus</i>, p. p. of <i>deonerare</i>. See <u>Onerate</u>.]
<def>To unload; to disburden.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*on`to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to deontology.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`on*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in deontology.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`on*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; gen.
&?;, necessity, obligation (p. neut. of &?; it is necessary) + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>The science which relates to duty or moral
obligation.</def>  <i>J. Bentham.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`o*per"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the lid removed; -- said of the capsules of
mosses.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*op"pi*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free
from obstructions; to clear a passage through.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*op`pi*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Removal
of whatever stops up the passages.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><! p. 392 !></p>

<p><hw>De*op"pi*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Deobstruent; aperient.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*or`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>deordinatio</i> depraved morality.] <def>Disorder;
dissoluteness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Excess of riot and <i>deordination</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*os"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deosculatus</i>, p. p. of <i>deosculari</i>. See <u>Osculate</u>.]
<def>To kiss warmly.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>De*os`cu*la"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*ox"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To deoxidize.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ox`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The act or process of reducing from the state of an
oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ox`i*di*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Deoxidation.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ox"i*dize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To deprive of oxygen; to reduce from the state of an
oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ox"i*di`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>That which removes oxygen; hence, a reducing agent; as, nascent
hydrogen is a <i>deoxidizer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ox"y*gen*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To deoxidize.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*ox`y*gen*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or operation of depriving of
oxygen.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ox"y*gen*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To deoxidize.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*paint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;peint</i>, p. p. of <i>d&eacute;peindre</i> to paint, fr.
L. <i>depingere</i>. See <u>Depict</u>, <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>]
<def>Painted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*paint"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Depainted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Depainting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To paint; to picture;
hence, to describe; to delineate in words; to depict.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And do unwilling worship to the saint<BR>
That on his shield <i>depainted</i> he did see.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In few words shall see the nature of many memorable
persons . . . <i>depainted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark with, or as with, color; to
color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Silver drops her vermeil cheeks
<i>depaint</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*paint"er</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
depaints.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*par"dieux`</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [OF., a
corruption of <i>de part Dieu</i>, lit., on the part of God.] <def>In
God's name; certainly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*part"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Departed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Departing</u>.] [OE. <i>departen</i> to divide, part, depart, F.
<i>d&eacute;partir</i> to divide, distribute, <i>se
d&eacute;partir</i> to separate one's self, depart; pref.
<i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>de</i>) +  <i>partir</i> to part, depart,
fr. L. <i>partire</i>, <i>partiri</i>, to divide, fr. <i>pars</i>
part. See <u>Part</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To part; to divide;
to separate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go forth or away; to quit, leave, or
separate, as from a place or a person; to withdraw; -- opposed to
<i>arrive</i>; -- often with <i>from</i> before the place, person, or
thing left, and <i>for</i> or <i>to</i> before the
destination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>depart</i> to mine own land.</blockquote>
<i>Num. x. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere thou from hence <i>depart</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He which hath no stomach to this fight,<BR>
Let him <i>depart</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To forsake; to abandon; to desist or
deviate (<i>from</i>); not to adhere to; -- with <i>from</i>; as, we
can not <i>depart</i> from our rules; to <i>depart</i> from a title
or defense in legal pleading.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the plan of the convention be found to
<i>depart</i> from republican principles.</blockquote>
<i>Madison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass away; to perish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The glory is <i>departed</i> from Israel.</blockquote>
<i>1 Sam. iv. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To quit this world; to die.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord, now lettest thou thy servant <i>depart</i> in
peace.</blockquote> <i>Luke ii. 29.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To depart with</b></col>, <cd>to resign; to part
with.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*part"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To part thoroughly; to dispart; to divide; to separate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Till death <i>departed</i> them, this life they
lead.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divide in order to share; to
apportion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And here is gold, and that full great plentee,<BR>
That shall <i>departed</i> been among us three.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To leave; to depart from.</def> "He
<i>departed</i> this life." <i>Addison.</i> "Ere I <i>depart</i> his
house."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*part"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;part</i>, fr. <i>d&eacute;partir</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Division; separation, as of compound substances into their
ingredients.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The chymists have a liquor called water of
<i>depart</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A going away; departure; hence,
death.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At my <i>depart</i> for France.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your loss and his <i>depart</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*part"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Divisible.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*part"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who refines metals by separation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who departs.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*part"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;partement</i>, fr. <i>d&eacute;partir</i>. See
<u>Depart</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act
of departing; departure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sudden <i>departments</i> from one extreme to
another.</blockquote> <i>Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part, portion, or subdivision.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A distinct course of life, action, study,
or the like; appointed sphere or walk; province.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Superior to Pope in Pope's own peculiar
<i>department</i> of literature.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Subdivision of business or official duty;
especially, one of the principal divisions of executive government;
as, the treasury <i>department</i>; the war <i>department</i>; also,
in a university, one of the divisions of instruction; as, the medical
<i>department</i>; the <i>department</i> of physics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A territorial division; a district; esp.,
in France, one of the districts composed of several arrondissements
into which the country is divided for governmental purposes; as, the
<i>Department</i> of the Loire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A military subdivision of a country; as,
the <i>Department</i> of the Potomac.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`part*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to a department or division.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*par"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Depart</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Division; separation; putting
away.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No other remedy . . . but absolute
<i>departure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Separation or removal from a place; the
act or process of departing or going away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Departure</i> from this happy place.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Removal from the present life; death;
decease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The time of my <i>departure</i> is at
hand.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim. iv. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His timely <i>departure</i> . . . barred him from the
knowledge of his son's miseries.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Deviation or abandonment, as from or of a
rule or course of action, a plan, or a purpose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any <i>departure</i> from a national
standard.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The desertion by a party to
any pleading of the ground taken by him in his last antecedent
pleading, and the adoption of another.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Nav. &amp; Surv.)</i> <def>The distance due
east or west which a person or ship passes over in going along an
oblique line.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Since the meridians sensibly converge, the departure in
navigation is not measured from the beginning nor from the end of the
ship's course, but is regarded as the total easting or westing made
by the ship or person as he travels over the course.</p>

<p><col><b>To take a departure</b></col> <i>(Nav. &amp; Surv.)</i>,
<cd>to ascertain, usually by taking bearings from a landmark, the
position of a vessel at the beginning of a voyage as a point from
which to begin her dead reckoning; as, the ship <i>took her
departure</i> from Sandy Hook.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Death; demise; release. See <u>Death</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*pas"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depascens</i>, p. pr. of <i>depascere</i>; <i>de-</i> +
<i>pascere</i> to feed.] <def>Feeding.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*pas"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To pasture; to feed; to graze; also, to use for pasture.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cattle, to graze and <i>departure</i> in his
grounds.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A right to cut wood upon or <i>departure</i>
land.</blockquote> <i>Washburn.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pa"tri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>de-</i> + <i>patria</i> one's country.] <def>To withdraw, or cause
to withdraw, from one's country; to banish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A subject born in any state<BR>
May, if he please, <i>depatriate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pau"per*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Depauperated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Depauperating</u> (?).] [LL.
<i>depauperatus</i>, p. p. <i>depauperare</i> to impoverish; L.
<i>de-</i> + <i>pauperare</i> to make poor, <i>pauper</i> poor.]
<def>To make poor; to impoverish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Liming does not <i>depauperate</i>; the ground will
last long, and bear large grain.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Humility of mind which <i>depauperates</i> the
spirit.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pau"per*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depauperatus</i>, p. p.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Falling short of the
natural size, from being impoverished or starved.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pau"per*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free
from paupers; to rescue from poverty.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*peach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>d&eacute;p&ecirc;cher</i>. See <u>Dispatch</u>.] <def>To
discharge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As soon as the party . . . before our justices shall
be <i>depeached</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pec"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depectere</i> to comb off; <i>de-</i> + <i>pectere</i> to comb.]
<def>Tough; thick; capable of extension.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some bodies are of a more <i>depectible</i> nature
than oil.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pec`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depeculari</i>, p. p. <i>depeculatus</i>, to rob. See
<u>Peculate</u>.] <def>A robbing or embezzlement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Depeculation</i> of the public
treasure.</blockquote> <i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*peinct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Depaint</u>.] <def>To paint.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Depended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Depending</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;pendre</i>, fr. L.
<i>depend&?;re</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>pend&?;re</i> to hang. See
<u>Pendant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hang down; to be
sustained by being fastened or attached to something above.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And ever-living lamps <i>depend</i> in
rows.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hang in suspense; to be pending; to be
undetermined or undecided; as, a cause <i>depending</i> in
court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You will not think it unnatural that those who have an
object <i>depending</i>, which strongly engages their hopes and
fears, should be somewhat inclined to superstition.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rely for support; to be conditioned or
contingent; to be connected with anything, as a cause of existence,
or as a necessary condition; -- followed by <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>,
formerly by <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The truth of God's word <i>dependeth</i> not of the
truth of the congregation.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The conclusion . . . that our happiness <i>depends</i>
little on political institutions, and much on the temper and
regulation of our own minds.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven forming each on other to
<i>depend</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To trust; to rest with confidence; to
rely; to confide; to be certain; -- with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>;
as, we <i>depend</i> on the word or assurance of our friends; we
<i>depend</i> on the mail at the usual hour.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But if you 're rough, and use him like a dog,<BR>
<i>Depend</i> upon it -- he 'll remain incog.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To serve; to attend; to act as a dependent
or retainer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To impend.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pend"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy of
being depended on; trustworthy.</def> "<i>Dependable</i>
friendships."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*pend"ant</hw> (?), <hw>De*pend"ance</hw> (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>De*pend"an*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Dependent</u>, <u>Dependence</u>,
<u>Dependency</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The forms <i>dependant</i>, <i>dependance</i>,
<i>dependancy</i> are from the French; the forms <i>dependent</i>,
etc., are from the Latin. Some authorities give preference to the
form <i>dependant</i> when the word is a noun, thus distinguishing it
from the adjective, usually written <i>dependent</i>.</p>

<p><hw>De*pend"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>dependentia</i>, fr. L. <i>dependens</i>. See <u>Dependent</u>,
and cf. <u>Dependance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or state
of depending; state of being dependent; a hanging down or from;
suspension from a support.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being influenced and
determined by something; subjection (as of an <i>effect</i> to its
<i>cause</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cause of effects, and the <i>dependence</i> of one
thing upon another.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mutual connection and support;
concatenation; systematic inter-relation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So dark and so intricate of purpose, without any
<i>dependence</i> or order.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Subjection to the direction or disposal of
another; inability to help or provide for one's self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reduced to a servile <i>dependence</i> on their
mercy.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A resting with confidence; reliance;
trust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Affectionate <i>dependence</i> on the Creator is the
spiritual life of the soul.</blockquote> <i>T. Erskine.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That on which one depends or relies; as,
he was her sole <i>dependence</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That which depends; anything dependent or
suspended; anything attached a subordinate to, or contingent on,
something else.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a large cluster of black grapes they show<BR>
And make a large <i>dependence</i> from the bough.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A matter depending, or in suspense, and
still to be determined; ground of controversy or quarrel.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To go on now with my first
<i>dependence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pend"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dependencies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>State
of being dependent; dependence; state of being subordinate;
subordination; concatenation; connection; reliance; trust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any long series of action, the parts of which have
very much <i>dependency</i> each on the other.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Reynolds.</i>
</p>

<p><blockquote>So that they may acknowledge their <i>dependency</i>
on the crown of England.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thing hanging down; a
dependence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is attached to something else
as its consequence, subordinate, satellite, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This earth and its <i>dependencies</i>.</blockquote>
<i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Modes I call such complex ideas which . . . are
considered as <i>dependencies</i> on or affections of
substances.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A territory remote from the kingdom or
state to which it belongs, but subject to its dominion; a colony; as,
Great Britain has its <i>dependencies</i> in Asia, Africa, and
America.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Dependence</i> is more used in the abstract, and
<i>dependency</i> in the concrete. The latter is usually restricted
in meaning to 3 and 4.</p>

<p><hw>De*pend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dependens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. <i>dependere</i>. See
<u>Depend</u>, and cf. <u>Dependant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hanging down; as, a <i>dependent</i> bough or leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relying on, or subject to, something else
for support; not able to exist, or sustain itself, or to perform
anything, without the will, power, or aid of something else; not
self-sustaining; contingent or conditioned; subordinate; -- often
with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>; as, <i>dependent</i> on God;
<i>dependent</i> upon friends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>England, long <i>dependent</i> and degraded, was again
a power of the first rank.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dependent covenant</b></col> or <col><b>contract</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one not binding until some connecting stipulation
is performed.</cd> -- <col><b>Dependent variable</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a varying quantity whose changes are arbitrary,
but are regarded as produced by changes in another variable, which is
called the <i>independent variable</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*pend"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who depends; one who is sustained by another, or who relies
on another for support of favor; a hanger-on; a retainer; as, a
numerous train of <i>dependents</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A host of <i>dependents</i> on the court, suborned to
play their part as witnesses.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which depends; corollary;
consequence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With all its circumstances and
<i>dependents</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p>&fist; See the Note under <u>Dependant</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*pend"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dependent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
depends; a dependent.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pend"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As having
dependence.</def>  <i>Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*peo"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
depopulate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*per"dit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>deperditum</i>, fr. L. <i>deperditus</i>, p. p. of
<i>deperdere</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>perdere</i> to lose, destroy.]
<def>That which is lost or destroyed.</def> [R.]  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*per"dite*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Hopelessly; despairingly; in the manner of one ruined; as,
<i>deperditely</i> wicked.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Dep`er*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;perdition</i>.] <def>Loss; destruction.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*per"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Depart</u>.] <def>Divisible.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*phlegm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-</i>
+ <i>phlegm</i> water; cf. F. <i>d&eacute;phlegmer</i>,
<i>d&eacute;flegmer</i>.] <i>(O. Chem.)</i> <def>To rid of phlegm or
water; to dephlegmate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*phleg"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dephlegmated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dephlegmating</u>.] [See <u>Dephlegm</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To deprive of superabundant water, as by
evaporation or distillation; to clear of aqueous matter; to rectify;
-- used of spirits and acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`phleg*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;flegmation</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The operation of
separating water from spirits and acids, by evaporation or repeated
distillation; -- called also <i>concentration</i>, especially when
acids are the subject of it.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*phleg"ma*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
instrument or apparatus in which water is separated by evaporation or
distillation; the part of a distilling apparatus in which the
separation of the vapors is effected.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*phleg"ma*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or producing, dephlegmation.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*phlegm"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state
of being freed from water.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`phlo*gis"tic*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dephlogisticated</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dephlogisticating</u>.] [Pref.
<i>de-</i> + <i>phlosticate</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;phlogistiguer</i>.] <i>(O. Chem.)</i> <def>To deprive of
phlogiston, or the supposed principle of inflammability.</def>
<i>Priestley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dephlogisticated air</b></col>, <cd>oxygen gas; -- so
called by Dr. Priestly and others of his time.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>De`phlo*gis`ti*ca"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*phos`phor*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of freeing from phosphorous.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pict"</hw> (-p&ibreve;kt"), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depictus</i>, p. p. of <i>depingere</i> to depict; <i>de-</i> +
<i>pingere</i> to paint. See <u>Paint</u>, and cf. <u>Depaint</u>,
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>] <def>Depicted.</def>  <i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><! p. 393 !></p>

<p><hw>De*pict"</hw> (d&esl;*p&ibreve;kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Depicted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Depicting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form a
colored likeness of; to represent by a picture; to paint; to
portray.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His arms are fairly <i>depicted</i> in his
chamber.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To represent in words; to describe
vividly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>C&aelig;sar's gout was then <i>depicted</i> in
energetic language.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depictio</i>.] <def>A painting or depicting; a
representation.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pic"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Depictured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Depicturing</u>.] <def>To make a picture of; to
paint; to picture; to depict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Several persons were <i>depictured</i> in
caricature.</blockquote> <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep"i*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Depilated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Depilating</u>.] [L. <i>depilatus</i>, p. p. of <i>depilare</i> to
depilate; <i>de-</i> + <i>pilare</i> to put forth hairs, <i>pilus</i>
hair.] <def>To strip of hair; to husk.</def>  <i>Venner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep`i*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;pilation</i>.] <def>Act of pulling out or removing the
hair; unhairing.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pil"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;pilatoire</i>.] <def>Having the quality or power of
removing hair.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>An application
used to take off hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep"i*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-</i> +
<i>pilous</i>: cf. L. <i>depilis</i>.] <def>Hairless.</def>  <i>Sir
t. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pla"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deplanetus</i>, p. p. of <i>deplanare</i> to make level. See
<u>Plane</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Flattened;
made level or even.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*plant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-</i>
+ <i>plan</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;planter</i>, L. <i>deplantare</i>
to take off a twig. See <u>Plant</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To take up (plants); to transplant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De`plan*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;plantation</i>.] <def>Act of taking up plants from
beds.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*plete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Depleted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Depleting</u>.] [From L. <i>deplere</i> to empty out; <i>de-</i> +
<i>plere</i> to fill. Forined like <i>replete</i>, <i>complete</i>.
See <u>Fill</u>, <u>Full</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To empty or unload, as the
vessels of human system, by bloodletting or by medicine.</def>
<i>Copland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce by destroying or consuming the
vital powers of; to exhaust, as a country of its strength or
resources, a treasury of money, etc.</def>  <i>Saturday
Review.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ple"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;pl&eacute;tion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
depleting or emptying.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>the act or process of
diminishing the quantity of fluid in the vessels by bloodletting or
otherwise; also excessive evacuation, as in severe
diarrhea.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ple"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;pl&eacute;tif</i>.] <def>Able or fitted to deplete.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A substance used to deplete.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ple"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
deplete.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep`li*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>deplicare</i> to unfold; L. <i>de-</i> + <i>plicare</i> to fold.]
<def>An unfolding, untwisting, or unplaiting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep`loi*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Exploitation</u>, <u>Deploy</u>.] <def>Same as
Exploitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*plor`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Deplorableness.</def>  <i>Stormonth.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*plor"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;plorable</i>.] <def>Worthy of being deplored or lamented;
lamentable; causing grief; hence, sad; calamitous; grievous;
wretched; as, life's evils are deplorable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Individual sufferers are in a much more
<i>deplorable</i> conditious than any others.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*plor"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being deplorable.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*plor"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
deplorable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*plo"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deploratus</i>, p. p. of <i>deplorare</i>. See <u>Deplore</u>.]
<def>Deplorable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A more <i>deplorate</i> estate.</blockquote>
<i>Baker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep`lo*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deploratio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;ploration</i>.] <def>The act of
deploring or lamenting; lamentation.</def>  <i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*plore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deplored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deploring</u>.] [L. <i>deplorare</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>plorare</i>
to cry out, wail, lament; prob. akin to <i>pluere</i> to rain, and to
E. flow: cf. F. d&eacute;plorer.  Cf. Flow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To feel or to express deep and poignant grief for; to bewail; to
lament; to mourn; to sorrow over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To find her, or forever to <i>deplore</i><BR>
Her loss.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As some sad turtle his lost love
<i>deplores</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To complain of.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To regard as hopeless; to give up.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Deplore</u>, <u>Mourn</u>, <u>Lament</u>,
<u>Bewail</u>, <u>Bemoan</u>.  <i>Mourn</i> is the generic term,
denoting a state of grief or sadness. To <i>lament</i> is to express
grief by outcries, and denotes an earnest and strong expression of
sorrow. To <i>deplore</i> marks a deeper and more prolonged emotion.
To <i>bewail</i> and to <i>bemoan</i> are appropriate only to cases
of poignant distress, in which the grief finds utterance either in
wailing or in moans and sobs. A man <i>laments</i> his errors, and
<i>deplores</i> the ruin they have brought on his family; mothers
<i>bewail</i> or <i>bemoan</i> the loss of their children.</p>

<p><hw>De*plore"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lament.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*plor"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Lamentably.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*plor"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being deplored or deplorable.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hail.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*plore"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Deploration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*plor"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
deplores.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*plor"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
deploring manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ploy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deployed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Deploying</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;ployer</i>; pref.
<i>d&eacute;&?;</i> = <i>d&eacute;s</i> (L. <i>dis</i>) +
<i>ployer</i>, equiv. to <i>plier</i> to fold, fr. L. <i>plicare</i>.
See <u>Ply</u>, and cf. <u>Display</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To open
out; to unfold; to spread out (a body of troops) in such a way that
they shall display a wider front and less depth; -- the reverse of
<i>ploy</i>; as, to <i>deploy</i> a column of troops into line of
battle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*ploy"</hw> (?), <hw>De*ploy"ment</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The act of deploying; a
spreading out of a body of men in order to extend their front.</def>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Deployments</i> . . . which cause the soldier to
turn his back to the enemy are not suited to war.</blockquote> <i>H.
L. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*plu"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>diplumatus</i>, p. p. of <i>deplumare</i>. See <u>Deplume</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Destitute or deprived of features;
deplumed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep`lu*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Deplumate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The stripping or falling
off of plumes or feathers.</def>  <i>Bp. Stillingfleet</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease of the eyelids,
attended with loss of the eyelashes.</def>  <i>Thomas.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*plume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deplumed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Depluming</u>.] [LL. <i>deplumare</i>; L. <i>de-</i> +
<i>plumare</i> to cover with feathers, <i>pluma</i> feather: cf.
<i>deplumis</i> featherless, and F. <i>d&eacute;plumer</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strip or pluck off the feather of; to
deprive of of plumage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the <i>depluming</i> of the pope every bird had his
own feather.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay bare; to expose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The exposure and <i>depluming</i> of the leading
humbugs of the age.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*po`lar*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;polarisation</i>.] <def>The act of depriving of polarity,
or the result of such action; reduction to an unpolarized
condition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Depolarization of light</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>a
change in the plane of polarization of rays, especially by a
crystalline medium, such that the light which had been extinguished
by the analyzer reappears as if the polarization had been anulled.
The word is inappropriate, as the ray does not return to the
unpolarized condition.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*po"lar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Depolarized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Depolarizing</u>.] [Pref. <i>de-</i> +
<i>polarize</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;polarizer</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>To deprive of polarity; to
reduce to an unpolarized condition.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word has been inaccurately applied in optics to
describe the effect of a polarizing medium, as a crystalline plate,
in causing the reappearance of a ray, in consequence of a change in
its plane of polarization, which previously to the change was
intercepted by the analyzer.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To free from polarization,
as the negative plate of the voltaic battery.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*po"lar*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>A substance used to prevent polarization, as upon the negative
plate of a voltaic battery.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pol"ish</hw> (d&esl;*p&obreve;l"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To remove the polish or glaze from.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pol"ish*ing</hw> (d&esl;*p&obreve;l"&ibreve;sh*&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ceramics)</i> <def>The process of removing
the vitreous glaze from porcelain, leaving the dull luster of the
surface of ivory porcelain.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pone"</hw> (d&esl;*p&omacr;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deponed</u> (-p&omacr;nd");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Deponing</u>.] [L.
<i>deponere</i>, <i>depositum</i>, to put down, in LL., to assert
under oath; <i>de-</i> + <i>ponere</i> to put, place. See
<u>Position</u>, and cf. <u>Deposit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
lay, as a stake; to wager.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay down.</def> [R.]
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assert under oath; to depose.</def> [A
Scotticism]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sprot <i>deponeth</i> that he entered himself
thereafter in conference.</blockquote> <i>State Trials(1606).</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pone"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To testify under
oath; to depose; to bear witness.</def> [A Scotticism]</p>

<p><blockquote>The fairy Glorians, whose credibility on this point
can not be called in question, <i>depones</i> to the confinement of
Merlin in a tree.</blockquote> <i>Dunlop.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*po"nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deponenes</i>, <i>-entis</i>, laying down. See <u>Depone</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who
deposes or testifies under oath; one who gives evidence; usually, one
who testifies in writing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. &amp; Lat.  Gram.)</i> <def>A deponent
verb.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Deponent</u>, <u>Affiant</u>.  These are legal
terms describing a person who makes a written declaration under oath,
with a view to establish certain facts. An <i>affiant</i> is one who
makes an affidavit, or declaration under oath, in order to establish
the truth of what he says. A <i>deponenet</i> is one who makes a
deposition, or gives written testimony under oath, to be used in the
trial of some case before a court of justice. See under
<u>Deposition</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*po"nent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>deponens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, laying down (its proper passive meaning), p. pr. of
<i>deponere</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;ponent</i>. See <u>Depone</u>.]
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Having a passive form with an active meaning, as
certain latin and Greek verbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pop"u*la*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Depopulation; destruction of population.</def> [R.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pop"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Depopulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Depopulating</u> (?).] [L. <i>depopulatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>depopulari</i> to ravage; <i>de-</i> + <i>populari</i> to
ravage, fr. <i>populus</i> people: cf. OF. <i>depopuler</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;peupler</i>. See <u>People</u>.] <def>To deprive of
inhabitants, whether by death or by expulsion; to reduce greatly the
populousness of; to dispeople; to unpeople.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where is this viper,<BR>
That would <i>depopulate</i> the city?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; It is not synonymous with <i>laying waste</i> or
destroying, being limited to the loss of inhabitants; as, an army or
a famine may <i>depopulate</i> a country. It rarely expresses an
entire loss of inhabitants, but often a great diminution of their
numbers; as, the deluge <i>depopulated</i> the earth.</p>

<p><hw>De*pop"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
dispeopled.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whether the country be <i>depopulating</i> or
not.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pop`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depopulatio</i> pillaging: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;population</i>
depopulation.] <def>The act of depopulating, or condition of being
depopulated; destruction or explusion of inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The desolation and <i>depopulation</i> [of St.Quentin]
were now complete.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pop"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., pillager.]
<def>One who depopulates; a dispeopler.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deported</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deporting</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;porter</i> to transport for life,
OF., to divert, amuse, from L. <i>deportare</i> to carry away; <i>de-
</i> + <i>portare</i> to carry. See <u>Port</u> demeanor.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To transport; to carry away; to exile; to
send into banishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He told us he had been <i>deported</i> to
Spain.</blockquote> <i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry or demean; to conduct; to behave;
-- followed by the reflexive pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let an ambassador <i>deport</i> himself in the most
graceful manner befor a prince.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Behavior;
carriage; demeanor; deportment.</def> [Obs.] "Goddesslike
<i>deport</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`por*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depotatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;portation</i>.] <def>The act of
deporting or exiling, or the state of being deported; banishment;
transportation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In their <i>deportations</i>, they had often the favor
of their conquerors.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*port"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;portement</i> misconduct, OF., demeanor. See
<u>Deport</u>.] <def>Manner of deporting or demeaning one's self;
manner of acting; conduct; carriage; especially, manner of acting
with respect to the courtesies and duties of life; behavior;
demeanor; bearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gravity of his <i>deportment</i> carried him safe
through many difficulties.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*por"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Deportment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Stately port and majestical
<i>deporture</i>.</blockquote> <i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being deposed or deprived of office.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pos"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
deposing from office; a removal from the throne.</def>
<i>Fox.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.  &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deposing</u>.][FF. <i>d&eacute;poser</i>, in the sense of L.
<i>deponere</i> to put down; but from pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i> (L.
<i>de</i>) + <i>poser</i> to place. See <u>Pose</u>, <u>Pause</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay down; to divest one's self of; to lay
aside.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thus when the state one Edward did <i>depose</i>,<BR>
A greater Edward in his room arose.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To let fall; to deposit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Additional mud <i>deposed</i> upon it.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remove from a throne or other high
station; to dethrone; to divest or deprive of office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tyrant over his subjects, and therefore worthy to be
<i>deposed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To testify under oath; to bear testimony
to; -- now usually said of bearing testimony which is officially
written down for future use.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>depose</i> the yearly rent or valuation of
lands.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To put under oath.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Depose</i> him in the justice of his
cause.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bear witness;
to testify under oath; to make deposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then, seeing't was he that made you to
<i>despose</i>,<BR>
Your oath, my lord, is vain and frivolous.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who deposes or degrades from office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who testifies or deposes; a
deponent.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pos"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deposited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Depositing</u>.] [L. <i>depositus</i>, p. p. of <i>deponere</i>.
See <u>Depone</u>, and cf. <u>Deposit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay down; to place; to put; to let fall or
throw down (as sediment); as, a crocodile <i>deposits</i> her eggs in
the sand; the waters <i>deposited</i> a rich alluvium.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fear is <i>deposited</i> in
conscience.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay up or away for safe keeping; to put
up; to store; as, to <i>deposit</i> goods in a warehouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lodge in some one's hands for safe
keeping; to commit to the custody of another; to intrust; esp., to
place in a bank, as a sum of money subject to order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To lay aside; to rid one's self of.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If what is written prove useful to you, to the
<i>depositing</i> that which I can not but deem an
error.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Both this verb and the noun following were formerly written
<i>deposite</i>.</p>

<p><hw>De*pos"it</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>depositum</i>, fr.
<i>depositus</i>, p. p. of <i>deponere</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;p&ocirc;t</i>, OF. <i>depost</i>. See <u>Deposit</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Depot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is deposited, or laid or thrown down; as, a
<i>deposit</i> in a flue; especially, matter precipitated from a
solution (as the siliceous deposits of hot springs), or that which is
mechanically deposited (as the mud, gravel, etc., <i>deposits</i> of
a river).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>deposit</i> already formed affording to the
succeeding portion of the charged fluid a basis.</blockquote>
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A natural occurrence of a
useful mineral under the conditions to invite exploitation.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is placed anywhere, or in any
one's hands, for safe keeping; something intrusted to the care of
another; esp., money lodged with a bank or banker, subject to order;
anything given as pledge or security.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
bailment of money or goods to be kept gratuitously for the
bailor.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Money lodged with a party as
earnest or security for the performance of a duty assumed by the
person depositing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A place of deposit; a depository.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bank of deposit</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bank</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>In deposit</b></col>, or <col><b>On deposit</b></col>,
<cd>in trust or safe keeping as a deposit; as, coins were received
<i>on deposit</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*pos"i*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Depositaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>depositarius</i>, fr.
<i>deponere</i>. See <u>Deposit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
with whom anything is lodged in the trust; one who receives a
deposit; -- the correlative of <i>depositor</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . made you my guardians, my
<i>depositaries</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>depositaries</i> of power, who are mere
delegates of the people.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A storehouse; a depository.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hurd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One to whom goods are bailed,
to be kept for the bailor without a recompense.</def>
<i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep`o*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depositio</i>, fr. <i>deponere</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;position</i>. See <u>Deposit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of depositing or deposing; the act of laying down or
thrown down; precipitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>deposition</i> of rough sand and rolled
pebbles.</blockquote> <i>H. Miller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of bringing before the mind;
presentation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The influence of princes upon the dispositions of
their courts needs not the <i>deposition</i> of their examples, since
it hath the authority of a known principle.</blockquote> <i>W.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><! p. 394 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of setting aside a sovereign or a
public officer; deprivation of authority and dignity; displacement;
removal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>deposition</i> differs from an <i>abdication</i>, an
<i>abdication</i> being voluntary, and a <i>deposition</i>
compulsory.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is deposited; matter laid or
thrown down; sediment; alluvial matter; as, banks are sometimes
<i>depositions</i> of alluvial matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An opinion, example, or statement, laid
down or asserted; a declaration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of laying down one's
testimony in writing; also, testimony laid or taken down in writing,
under oath or affirmation, before some competent officer, and in
reply to interrogatories and cross-interrogatories.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Deposition</u>, <u>Affidavit</u>.
<i>Affidavit</i> is the wider term. It denotes any authorized <i>ex
parte</i> written statement of a person, sworn to or affirmed before
some competent magistrate. It is made without cross-examination, and
requires no notice to an opposing party. It is generally signed by
the party making it, and may be drawn up by himself or any other
person. A <i>deposition</i> is the written testimony of a witness,
taken down in due form of law, and sworn to or affirmed by the
deponent. It must be taken before some authorized magistrate, and
upon a prescribed or reasonable notice to the opposing party, that
may attend and cross-examine. It is generally written down from the
mouth of the witness by the magistrate, or some person for him, and
in his presence.</p>

<p><hw>De*pos"i*tor</hw> (d&esl;*p&obreve;z"&ibreve;*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>deponere</i>. See <u>Depone</u>.]
<def>One who makes a deposit, especially of money in a bank; -- the
correlative of <i>depository</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pos"i*to*ry</hw> (-t&osl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Depositories</b></plw> (-r&ibreve;z).
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where anything is deposited for sale
or keeping; as, warehouse is a <i>depository</i> for goods; a clerk's
office is a <i>depository</i> for records.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One with whom something is deposited; a
depositary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am the sole <i>depository</i> of my own secret, and
it shall perish with me.</blockquote> <i>Junius.</i></p>

<p><hw>||De*pos"i*tum</hw> (-t&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Deposit.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pos"i*ture</hw> (-t&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of depositing; deposition.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"pot</hw> (d&emacr;"p&osl;; <i>French</i> d&asl;*p&omacr;";
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;p&ocirc;t</i>, OF.
<i>depost</i>, fr. L. <i>depositum</i> a deposit. See <u>Deposit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place of deposit for
the storing of goods; a warehouse; a storehouse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The islands of Guernsey and Jersey are at present the
great <i>depots</i> of this kingdom.</blockquote> <i>Brit. Critic
(1794).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
military station where stores and provisions are kept, or where
recruits are assembled and drilled.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Eng. &amp; France)</i> <def>The headquarters of a regiment, where all
supplies are received and distributed, recruits are assembled and
instructed, infirm or disabled soldiers are taken care of, and all
the wants of the regiment are provided for.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A railway station; a building for the
accommodation and protection of railway passengers or freight.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Station</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dep"per</hw> (d&ebreve;p"p&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Deeper.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep`ra*va"tion</hw> (d&ebreve;p`r&adot;*v&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>depravitio</i>, from depravare: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;pravation</i>. See <u>Deprave</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Detraction; depreciation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To stubborn critics, apt, without a theme,<BR>
For <i>depravation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of depraving, or making anything
bad; the act of corrupting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being depraved or
degenerated; degeneracy; depravity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>depravation</i> of his moral character
destroyed his judgment.</blockquote> <i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Change for the worse;
deterioration; morbid perversion.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Depravity; corruption. See <u>Depravity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*prave"</hw> (d&esl;*pr&amacr;v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Depraved</u> (-pr&amacr;vd");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Depraving</u>.] [L.
<i>depravare</i>, <i>depravatum</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>pravus</i>
crooked, distorted, perverse, wicked.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
speak ill of; to depreciate; to malign; to revile.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And thou knowest, conscience, I came not to chide<BR>
Nor <i>deprave</i> thy person with a proud heart.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make bad or worse; to vitiate; to
corrupt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose pride <i>depraves</i> each other better
part.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To corrupt; vitiate; contaminate; pollute.</p>

<p><hw>De*prav"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
depraved manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*prav"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Depravity.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*prave"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Depravity.</def> [Obs.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*prav"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who depraves or corrupts.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*prav"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
depraving manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*prav"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Deprave</u>: cf. L. <i>pravitas</i> crookedness, perverseness.]
<def>The state of being depraved or corrupted; a vitiated state of
moral character; general badness of character; wickedness of mind or
heart; absence of religious feeling and principle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Total depravity</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Original sin</u>,
and <u>Calvinism</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Corruption; vitiation; wickedness; vice;
contamination; degeneracy.  -- <u>Depravity</u>, <u>Depravation</u>,
<u>Corruption</u>. <i>Depravilty</i> is a vitiated state of mind or
feeling; as, the <i>depravity</i> of the human heart;
<i>depravity</i> of public morals. <i>Depravation</i> points to the
act or process of <i>making</i> depraved, and hence to the end thus
reached; as, a gradual <i>depravation</i> of principle; a
<i>depravation</i> of manners, of the heart, etc. <i>Corruption</i>
is the only one of these words which applies to physical substances,
and in reference to these denotes the process by which their
component parts are dissolved. Hence, when figuratively used, it
denotes an utter vitiation of principle or feeling. <i>Depravity</i>
applies only to the mind and heart: we can speak of a <i>depraved</i>
taste, or a <i>corrupt</i> taste; in the first we introduce the
notion that there has been the influence of bad training to pervert;
in the second, that there is a want of true principle to pervert; in
the second, that there is a want of true principles to decide. The
other two words have a wider use: we can speak of the
<i>depravation</i> or the <i>corruption</i> of taste and public
sentiment. <i>Depravity</i> is more or less open; corruption is more
or less disguised in its operations. What is <i>depraved</i> requires
to be reformed; what is <i>corrupt</i> requires to be purified.</p>

<p><hw>Dep"re*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deprecabilis</i> exorable.] <def>That may or should be
deprecated.</def>  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep"re*cate</hw> (d&ebreve;p"r&esl;*k&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deprecated</u> (-
k&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deprecating</u> (-k&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng).] [L. <i>deprecatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>deprecari</i> to avert by player, to deprecate; <i>de-
</i> + <i>precari</i> to pray. See <u>Pray</u>.] <def>To pray
against, as an evil; to seek to avert by prayer; to desire the
removal of; to seek deliverance from; to express deep regret for; to
disapprove of strongly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His purpose was <i>deprecated</i> by all round him,
and he was with difficulty induced to adandon it.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep"re*ca`ting*ly</hw> (-k&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a deprecating manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep`re*ca"tion</hw> (d&ebreve;p`r&esl;*k&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>deprecatio</i>; cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;pr&eacute;cation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
deprecating; a praying against evil; prayer that an evil may be
removed or prevented; strong expression of disapprobation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Humble <i>deprecation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Entreaty for pardon;
petitioning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An imprecation or curse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gilpin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep"re*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deprecativus</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;pr&eacute;catif</i>.]
<def>Serving to deprecate; deprecatory.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dep"re*ca*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dep"re*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
deprecates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep"re*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deprecatorius</i>.] <def>Serving to deprecate; tending to remove
or avert evil by prayer; apologetic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Humble and <i>deprecatory</i> letters.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pre"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Depreciated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Depreciating</u> (?).] [L. <i>depretiatus</i>,
<i>depreciatus</i>, p. p. of <i>depretiare</i>, <i>-ciare</i>, to
depreciate; <i>de-</i> + <i>pretiare</i> to prize, fr. <i>pretium</i>
price. See <u>Price</u>.] <def>To lessen in price or estimated value;
to lower the worth of; to represent as of little value or claim to
esteem; to undervalue.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which . . . some over-severe philosophers may look
upon fastidiously, or undervalue and <i>depreciate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To prove that the Americans ought not to be free, we
are obliged to <i>depreciate</i> the value of freedom
itself.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To decry; disparage; traduce; lower; detract;
underrate. See <u>Decry</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*pre"ci*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall in
value; to become of less worth; to sink in estimation; as, a paper
currency will <i>depreciate</i>, unless it is convertible into
specie.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pre`ci*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;pr&eacute;ciation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of lessening, or seeking to lessen, price, value, or
reputation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The falling of value; reduction of
worth.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>the state of being depreciated.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pre"ci*a`tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending,
or intended, to depreciate; expressing depreciation;
undervaluing.</def> -- <wf>De*pre"ci*a`tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*pre"ci*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who depreciates.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pre"ci*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to depreciate; undervaluing; depreciative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep"re*da*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to
depredation.</def> [Obs.] "Made less <i>depredable</i>."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep"re*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Depredated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Depredating</u> (?).] [L. <i>depraedatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>depraedari</i> to plunder; <i>de-</i> + <i>praedari</i> to
plunder, <i>praeda</i> plunder, prey. See <u>Prey</u>.] <def>To
subject to plunder and pillage; to despoil; to lay waste; to prey
upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It makes the substance of the body . . . less apt to
be consumed and <i>depredated</i> by the spirits.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep"re*date</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take plunder
or prey; to commit waste; as, the troops <i>depredated</i> on the
country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep`re*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depraedatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;pr&eacute;dation</i>.]
<def>The act of depredating, or the state of being depredated; the
act of despoiling or making inroads; as, the sea often makes
<i>depredation</i> on the land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep"re*da`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depraedator</i>.] <def>One who plunders or pillages; a spoiler; a
robber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep"re*da`to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending or
designed to depredate; characterized by depredation; plundering; as,
a <i>depredatory</i> incursion.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pred"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-
</i> (intensive) + <i>predicate</i>.] <def>To proclaim; to
celebrate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dep`re*hend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deprehended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deprehending</u>.] [L. <i>deprehendere</i>, <i>deprehensum</i>;
<i>de-</i> + <i>prehendere</i> to lay hold of, seize. See
<u>Prehensile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take unawares or by
surprise; to seize, as a person commiting an unlawful act; to catch;
to apprehend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>deprehended</i> adulteress.Jer.</blockquote>
<i>Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To detect; to discover; to find
out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The motion . . . are to be <i>deprehended</i> by
experience.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep`re*hen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may
be caught or discovered; apprehensible.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Petty.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dep`re*hen"si*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dep`re*hen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deprehensio</i>.] <def>A catching; discovery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*press"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Depressed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Depressing</u>.] [L. <i>depressus</i>, p. p. of <i>deprimere</i>;
<i>de-</i> + <i>premere</i> to press. See <u>Press</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To press down; to cause to sink; to let fall;
to lower; as, to <i>depress</i> the muzzle of a gun; to
<i>depress</i> the eyes.</def> "With lips <i>depressed</i>."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring down or humble; to abase, as
pride.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cast a gloom upon; to sadden; as, his
spirits were <i>depressed</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To lessen the activity of; to make dull;
embarrass, as trade, commerce, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To lessen in price; to cause to decline in
value; to cheapen; to depreciate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To reduce (an equation) in
a lower degree.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To depress the pole</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to cause
the sidereal pole to appear lower or nearer the horizon, as by
sailing toward the equator.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To sink; lower; abase; cast down; deject; humble;
degrade; dispirit; discourage.</p>

<p><hw>De*press"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>depressus</i>, p.
p.] <def>Having the middle lower than the border; concave.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If the seal be <i>depress</i> or hollow.</blockquote>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*press"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An agent or remedy which lowers the vital powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pressed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pressed or forced down; lowed; sunk; dejected; dispirited; sad;
humbled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Concave
on the upper side; -- said of a leaf whose disk is lower than the
border.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Lying flat; -- said of a stem
or leaf which lies close to the ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the vertical
diameter shorter than the horizontal or transverse; -- said of the
bodies of animals, or of parts of the bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*press"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
depressing manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depressio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;pression</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of depressing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being depressed; a
sinking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A falling in of the surface; a sinking
below its true place; a cavity or hollow; as, roughness consists in
little protuberances and <i>depressions</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Humiliation; abasement, as of
pride.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Dejection; despondency; lowness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a great <i>depression</i> of spirit.</blockquote>
<i>Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Diminution, as of trade, etc.; inactivity;
dullness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The angular distance of a
celestial object below the horizon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The operation of reducing
to a lower degree; -- said of equations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A method of operating for
cataract; couching. See <u>Couch</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
8.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angle of depression</b></col> <i>(Geod.)</i>, <cd>one
which a descending line makes with a horizontal plane.</cd> --
<col><b>Depression of the dewpoint</b></col> <i>(Meteor.)</i>,
<cd>the number of degrees that the dew-point is lower than the actual
temperature of the atmosphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Depression of the
pole</b></col>, <cd>its apparent sinking, as the spectator goes
toward the equator.</cd> -- <col><b>Depression of the visible
horizon</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Dip of the
horizon</i>, under <u>Dip</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abasement; reduction; sinking; fall; humiliation;
dejection; melancholy.</p>

<p><hw>De*press"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Able or
tending to depress or cast down.</def> -- <wf>De*press"ive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*pres`so*mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Depressing or diminishing the capacity for movement, as
<i>depressomotor</i> nerves, which lower or inhibit muscular
activity.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any agent that depresses
the activity of the motor centers, as bromides, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*press"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, presses down; an oppressor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle that depresses or
tends to draw down a part.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Depressor nerve</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>a nerve
which lowers the activity of an organ; as, the <i>depressor nerve</i>
of the heart.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dep"ri*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deprimens</i>, p. pr. of <i>deprimere</i>. See <u>Depress</u>.]
<def>Serving to depress.</def> [R.] "<i>Depriment</i> muscles."
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pri"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;priser</i> to undervalue; pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i> (L.
<i>dis-</i>) + <i>priser</i> to prize, fr. <i>prix</i> price, fr. L.
<i>pretium</i>. See <u>Dispraise</u>.] <def>Low estimation;
disesteem; contempt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*priv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being, or liable to be, deprived; liable to be deposed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kings of Spain . . . <i>deprivable</i> for their
tyrannies.</blockquote> <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep`ri*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>deprivatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of depriving,
dispossessing, or bereaving; the act of deposing or divesting of some
dignity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being deprived; privation;
loss; want; bereavement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <def>the taking away from a
clergyman his benefice, or other spiritual promotion or
dignity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Deprivation</i> may be <i>a beneficio</i> or <i>ab
officio</i>; the first takes away the living, the last degrades and
deposes from the order.</p>

<p><hw>De*prive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deprived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Depriving</u>.] [LL. <i>deprivare</i>, <i>deprivatium</i>, to
divest of office; L. <i>de-</i> + <i>privare</i> to bereave, deprive:
cf. OF. <i>depriver</i>. See <u>Private</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take away; to put an end; to destroy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis honor to deprive <i>dishonored</i>
life.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dispossess; to bereave; to divest; to
hinder from possessing; to debar; to shut out from; -- with a remoter
object, usually preceded by of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God hath <i>deprived</i> her of wisdom.</blockquote>
<i>Job xxxix. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was seldom that anger <i>deprived</i> him of power
over himself.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To divest of office; to depose; to
dispossess of dignity, especially ecclesiastical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A minister <i>deprived</i> for
inconformity.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To strip; despoil; rob; abridge.</p>

<p><hw>De*prive"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Deprivation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*priv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, deprives.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pros"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fully
prostrate; humble; low; rude.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How may weak mortal ever hope to file<BR>
His unsmooth tongue, and his <i>deprostrate</i> style.</blockquote>
<i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`pro*vin"cial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
divest of provincial quality or characteristics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Depth</hw> (s&ebreve;pth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Deep</u>; akin to D. <i>diepte</i>, Icel. <i>d&ymacr;pt</i>,
<i>d&ymacr;p&eth;</i>, Goth. <i>diupi&thorn;a</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being deep; deepness;
perpendicular measurement downward from the surface, or horizontal
measurement backward from the front; as, the <i>depth</i> of a river;
the <i>depth</i> of a body of troops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Profoundness; extent or degree of
intensity; abundance; completeness; as, <i>depth</i> of knowledge, or
color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mindful of that heavenly love<BR>
Which knows no end in <i>depth</i> or height.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lowness; as, <i>depth</i> of
sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is deep; a deep, or the
deepest, part or place; the deep; the middle part; as, the
<i>depth</i> of night, or of winter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From you unclouded <i>depth</i> above.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>depth</i> closed me round about.</blockquote>
<i>Jonah ii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The number of simple
elements which an abstract conception or notion includes; the
comprehension or content.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Horology)</i> <def>A pair of toothed wheels
which work together.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 395 !></p>

<p><col><b>Depth of a sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the extent
of a square sail from the head rope to the foot rope; the length of
the after leach of a staysail or boom sail; -- commonly called the
<i>drop of a sail</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Depth"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deepen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Depth"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having no depth; shallow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of measureless depth;
unfathomable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In clouds of <i>depthless</i> night.</blockquote>
<i>Francis.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pu"ce*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>de</i>
+ LL. <i>pucella</i> virgin, F. <i>pucelle</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;puceler</i>.] <def>To deflour; to deprive of
virginity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pu"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depudicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>depudicare</i>.] <def>To deflour; to
dishonor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*pulse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depulsus</i>, p. p. of <i>depellere</i> to drive out; <i>de-</i> +
<i>pellere</i> to drive.] <def>To drive away.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pul"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depulsio</i>.] <def>A driving or thrusting away.</def> [R.]
<i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pul"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>depulsorius</i>.] <def>Driving or thrusting away; averting.</def>
[R.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep"u*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Depurative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>depuratus</i>, p. p. of <i>depurare</i> to purify; L. <i>de-</i> +
<i>purare</i> to purify, <i>purus</i> clean, pure.  Cf.
<u>Depure</u>.] <def>Depurated; cleansed; freed from
impurities.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Depurated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Depurating</u> (?).] <def>To free from impurities,
heterogeneous matter, or feculence; to purify; to cleanse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>depurate</i> the mass of blood.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;puration</i>.] <def>The act or process of depurating or
freeing from foreign or impure matter, as a liquid or
wound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep"u*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;puratif</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Purifying the blood or
the humors; depuratory.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A
depurative remedy or agent; or a disease which is believed to be
depurative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep"u*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, cleanses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep"u*ra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;puratoire</i>.] <def>Depurating; tending to depurate or
cleanse; depurative.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*pure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;purer</i>. See <u>Depurate</u>.] <def>To depurate; to
purify.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He shall first be <i>depured</i> and cleansed before
that he shall be laid up for pure gold in the treasures of
God.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pur"ga*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
purge; tending to cleanse or purify.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep`u*ri"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Depuration</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep"u*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit to be
deputed; suitable to act as a deputy.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep`u*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;putation</i>. See <u>Depute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of deputing, or of appointing or commissioning a deputy
or representative; office of a deputy or delegate;
vicegerency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The authority of conscience stands founded upon its
vicegerency and <i>deputation</i> under God.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The person or persons deputed or
commissioned by another person, party, or public body to act in his
or its behalf; delegation; as, the general sent a <i>deputation</i>
to the enemy to propose a truce.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By deputation</b></col>, or <col><b>In
deputation</b></col>, <cd>by delegated authority; as substitute;
through the medium of a deputy.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Say to great C&aelig;sar this: <i>In
deputation</i><BR>
I kiss his conquering hand.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dep"u*ta`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
deputes, or makes a deputation.</def> [R.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deputed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deputing</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;puter</i>, fr. L. <i>deputare</i>
to esteem, consider, in LL., to destine, allot; <i>de-</i> +
<i>putare</i> to clean, prune, clear up, set in order, reckon, think.
See <u>Pure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To appoint as deputy or
agent; to commission to act in one's place; to delegate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no man <i>deputed</i> of the king to hear
thee.</blockquote> <i>2. Sam. xv. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some persons, <i>deputed</i> by a
meeting.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To appoint; to assign; to choose.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The most conspicuous places in cities are usually
<i>deputed</i> for the erection of statues.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*pute"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person deputed; a
deputy.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Dep"u*tize</hw> (d&ebreve;p"&usl;*t&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To appoint as one's deputy; to empower to act in
one's stead; to depute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dep"u*ty</hw> (-t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Deputies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>d&eacute;put&eacute;</i>, fr.
LL. <i>deputatus</i>. See <u>Depute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
appointed as the substitute of another, and empowered to act for him,
in his name or his behalf; a substitute in office; a lieutenant; a
representative; a delegate; a vicegerent; as, the <i>deputy</i> of a
prince, of a sheriff, of a township, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was then [in the days of Jehoshaphat] no king in
Edom; a <i>deputy</i> was king.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xxii.
47.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God's substitute,<BR>
His <i>deputy</i> anointed in His sight.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Deputy</i> is used in combination with the names of
various executive officers, to denote an assistant empowered to act
in their name; as, <i>deputy</i> collector, <i>deputy</i> marshal,
<i>deputy</i> sheriff.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of the Chamber of Deputies.</def>
[France]</p>

<p><col><b>Chamber of Deputies</b></col>, <cd>one of the two branches
of the French legislative assembly; -- formerly called <i>Corps
L&eacute;gislatif</i>. Its members, called <i>deputies</i>, are
elected by the people voting in districts.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Substitute; representative; legate; delegate;
envoy; agent; factor.</p>

<p><hw>De*quan"ti*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>de-
</i> + <i>quantitas</i>, <i>-atis</i>. See <u>Quantity</u>.] <def>To
diminish the quantity of; to disquantity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*rac"i*nate</hw> (d&esl;*r&abreve;s"&ibreve;*n&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Deracinated</u> (-n&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Deracinating</u> (n&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng).] [F.
<i>d&eacute;raciner</i>; pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>dis</i>) +
<i>racine</i> root, fr. an assumed LL. <i>radicina</i>, fr. L.
<i>radix</i>, <i>radicis</i>, root.] <def>To pluck up by the roots;
to extirpate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>While that the colter rusts<BR>
That should <i>deracinate</i> such savagery.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*rac`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of pulling up by the roots; eradication.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>De*raign"</hw>, <hw>De*rain"</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [See <u>Darraign</u>.] <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>To prove or
to refute by proof; to clear (one's self).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>De*raign"ment</hw>, <hw>De*rain"ment</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Darraign</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of deraigning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The renunciation of religious or monastic
vows.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*rail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Derailed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Derailing</u>.] <def>To cause to run off from the rails of a
railroad, as a locomotive.</def>  <i>Lardner.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*rail"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
going off, or the state of being off, the rails of a
railroad.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*range"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deranged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deranging</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;ranger</i>; pref. <i>d&eacute;-
</i> = <i>d&eacute;s-</i> (L. <i>dis</i>) + <i>ranger</i> to range.
See <u>Range</u>, and cf. <u>Disarrange</u>, <u>Disrank</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put out of place, order, or rank; to
disturb the proper arrangement or order of; to throw into disorder,
confusion, or embarrassment; to disorder; to disarrange; as, to
<i>derange</i> the plans of a commander, or the affairs of a
nation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disturb in action or function, as a
part or organ, or the whole of a machine or organism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sudden fall <i>deranges</i> some of our internal
parts.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To disturb in the orderly or normal action
of the intellect; to render insane.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disorder; disarrange; displace; unsettle;
disturb; confuse; discompose; ruffle; disconcert.</p>

<p><hw>De*ranged"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disordered;
especially, disordered in mind; crazy; insane.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The story of a poor <i>deranged</i> parish
lad.</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*range"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;rangement</i>.] <def>The act of deranging or putting out
of order, or the state of being deranged; disarrangement; disorder;
confusion; especially, mental disorder; insanity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disorder; confusion; embarrassment; irregularity;
disturbance; insanity; lunacy; madness; delirium; mania. See
<u>Insanity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*ran"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
deranges.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ray"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>derroi</i>,
<i>desroi</i>, <i>desrei</i>; pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>roi</i>, <i>rei</i>, <i>rai</i>, order. See <u>Array</u>.]
<def>Disorder; merriment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Der"bi*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large European food fish (<i>Lichia glauca</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Der"by</hw> (?; <i>usually</i> ? <i>in Eng.</i>; 85),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A race for three-old
horses, run annually at Epsom (near London), for the Derby stakes. It
was instituted by the 12th Earl of Derby, in 1780.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Derby Day</b></col>, <cd>the day of the annual race for
the Derby stakes, -- Wednesday of the week before
Whitsuntide.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stiff felt hat with a dome-shaped
crown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der"by*shire spar"</hw> (?). <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A massive
variety of fluor spar, found in Derbyshire, England, and wrought into
vases and other ornamental work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der*do"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Dere</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Doing daring or chivalrous deeds.</def>
[Obs.] "In <i>derdoing</i> arms."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dere</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>derian</i> to
hurt.] <def>To hurt; to harm; to injure.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Harm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Robert of Brunne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*reine</hw>, <hw>De*reyne"</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Darraign</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der"e*lict</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>derelictus</i>, p. p. of <i>derelinquere</i> to forsake wholly, to
abandon; <i>de-</i> + <i>relinquere</i> to leave. See
<u>Relinquish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Given up or forsaken by
the natural owner or guardian; left and abandoned; as,
<i>derelict</i> lands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The affections which these exposed or <i>derelict</i>
children bear to their mothers, have no grounds of nature or
assiduity but civility and opinion.</blockquote>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lost; adrift; hence, wanting; careless;
neglectful; unfaithful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They easily prevailed, so as to seize upon the vacant,
unoccupied, and <i>derelict</i> minds of his [Chatham's] friends; and
instantly they turned the vessel wholly out of the course of his
policy.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A government which is either unable or unwilling to
redress such wrongs is <i>derelict</i> to its highest
duties.</blockquote> <i>J. Buchanan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der"e*lict</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A thing voluntary abandoned or willfully
cast away by its proper owner, especially a ship abandoned at
sea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tract of land left dry by the
sea, and fit for cultivation or use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der`e*lic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>derelictio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of leaving with
an intention not to reclaim or resume; an utter forsaking
abandonment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cession or <i>dereliction</i>, actual or tacit, of
other powers.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A neglect or omission as if by willful
abandonment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A total <i>dereliction</i> of military
duties.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being left or
abandoned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A retiring of the sea,
occasioning a change of high-water mark, whereby land is
gained.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`re*li"gion*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
make irreligious; to turn from religion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He would <i>dereligionize</i> men beyond all
others.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dere"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Darling.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dere"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Darling.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Derf</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>djafr</i>.]
<def>Strong; powerful; fierce.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Derf"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*ride"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Derided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deriding</u>.] [L. <i>deridere</i>, <i>derisum</i>; <i>de-</i> +
<i>rid&?;re</i> to laugh. See <u>Ridicule</u>.] <def>To laugh at with
contempt; to laugh to scorn; to turn to ridicule or make sport of; to
mock; to scoff at.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the Pharisees, also, . . . <i>derided</i>
him.</blockquote> <i>Luke xvi. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sport that wrinkled Care <i>derides</i>.<BR>
And Laughter holding both his sides.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To mock; laugh at; ridicule; insult; taunt; jeer;
banter; rally.  -- To <u>Deride</u>, <u>Ridicule</u>, <u>Mock</u>,
<u>Taunt</u>. A man may <i>ridicule</i> without any unkindness of
feeling; his object may be to correct; as, to <i>ridicule</i> the
follies of the age. He who <i>derides</i> is actuated by a severe a
contemptuous spirit; as, to <i>deride</i> one for his religious
principles. To <i>mock</i> is stronger, and denotes open and scornful
derision; as, to <i>mock</i> at sin. To <i>taunt</i> is to reproach
with the keenest insult; as, to <i>taunt</i> one for his misfortunes.
<i>Ridicule</i> consists more in words than in actions;
<i>derision</i> and <i>mockery</i> evince themselves in actions as
well as words; <i>taunts</i> are always expressed in words of extreme
bitterness.</p>

<p><hw>De*rid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who derides,
or laughs at, another in contempt; a mocker; a scoffer.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*rid"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
derision or mockery.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ri"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>derisio</i>:
cf. F. <i>d&eacute;rision</i>. See <u>Deride</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of deriding, or the state of being derided; mockery;
scornful or contemptuous treatment which holds one up to
ridicule.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that sitteth in the heavens shall laugh; the Lord
shall have them in <i>derision</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. ii.
4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Satan beheld their plight,<BR>
And to his mates thus in <i>derision</i> called.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An object of derision or scorn; a
laughing-stock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was a <i>derision</i> to all my people.</blockquote>
<i>Lam. iii. 14.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Scorn; mockery; contempt; insult; ridicule.</p>

<p><hw>De*ri"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Expressing,
serving for, or characterized by, derision.</def> "<i>Derisive</i>
taunts." <i>Pope.</i> -- <wf>De*ri"sive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>De*ri"sive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*ri"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>derisorius</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;risoire</i>.] <def>Derisive;
mocking.</def>  <i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*riv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Derive</u>.] <def>That can be derived; obtainable by transmission;
capable of being known by inference, as from premises or data;
capable of being traced, as from a radical; as, income is
<i>derivable</i> from various sources.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All honor <i>derivable</i> upon me.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The exquisite pleasure <i>derivable</i> from the true
and beautiful relations of domestic life.</blockquote> <i>H. G.
Bell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The argument <i>derivable</i> from the
doxologies.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*riv"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
derivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*riv"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Derivation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>derival</i> of <i>e</i> from
<i>a</i>.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der"i*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>derivatus</i>, p. p. of <i>derivare</i>. See <u>Derive</u>.]
<def>Derived; derivative.</def> [R.] <i>H. Taylor.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thing derived; a derivative.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Der"i*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
derive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der`i*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>derivatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;rivation</i>. See
<u>Derive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leading or drawing off of
water from a stream or source.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of receiving anything from a
source; the act of procuring an effect from a cause, means, or
condition, as profits from capital, conclusions or opinions from
evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As touching traditional communication, . . . I do not
doubt but many of those truths have had the help of that
<i>derivation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of tracing origin or descent, as
in grammar or genealogy; as, the <i>derivation</i> of a word from an
Aryan root.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state or method of being derived; the
relation of origin when established or asserted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That from which a thing is
derived.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which is derived; a derivative; a
deduction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the Euphrates into an artificial
<i>derivation</i> of that river.</blockquote> <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The operation of deducing
one function from another according to some fixed law, called the
<i>law of derivation</i>, as the operation of differentiation or of
integration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A drawing of humors or
fluids from one part of the body to another, to relieve or lessen a
morbid process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der`i*va"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to derivation.</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*riv"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>derivativus</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;rivatif</i>.] <def>Obtained by
derivation; derived; not radical, original, or fundamental;
originating, deduced, or formed from something else; secondary; as, a
<i>derivative</i> conveyance; a <i>derivative</i> word.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Derivative circulation</b></col>, <cd>a modification of
the circulation found in some parts of the body, in which the
arteries empty directly into the veins without the interposition of
capillaries.</cd>  <i>Flint.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>De*riv"a*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*riv"a*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*riv"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is derived; anything obtained or deduced from
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word formed from another
word, by a prefix or suffix, an internal modification, or some other
change; a word which takes its origin from a root.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A chord, not fundamental,
but obtained from another by inversion; or, <i>vice versa</i>, a
ground tone or root implied in its harmonics in an actual
chord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An agent which is adapted to
produce a derivation (in the medical sense).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A derived function; a
function obtained from a given function by a certain algebraic
process.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Except in the mode of derivation the derivative is the same
as the differential coefficient. See <i>Differential coefficient</i>,
under <u>Differential</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance so related to
another substance by modification or partial substitution as to be
regarded as derived from it; thus, the amido compounds are
<i>derivatives</i> of ammonia, and the hydrocarbons are
<i>derivatives</i> of methane, benzene, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*rive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Derived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deriving</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;river</i>, L. <i>derivare</i>;
<i>de-</i> + <i>rivus</i> stream, brook. See <u>Rival</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn the course of, as water; to divert
and distribute into subordinate channels; to diffuse; to communicate;
to transmit; -- followed by <i>to</i>, <i>into</i>, <i>on</i>,
<i>upon</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For fear it [water] choke up the pits . . . they [the
workman] <i>derive</i> it by other drains.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her due loves <i>derived</i> to that vile witch's
share.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Derived</i> to us by tradition from Adam to
Noah.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To receive, as from a source or origin; to
obtain by descent or by transmission; to draw; to deduce; -- followed
by <i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 396 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To trace the origin, descent, or
derivation of; to recognize transmission of; as, he <i>derives</i>
this word from the Anglo-Saxon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From these two causes . . . an ancient set of
physicians <i>derived</i> all diseases.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To obtain one substance
from another by actual or theoretical substitution; as, to
<i>derive</i> an organic acid from its corresponding
hydrocarbon.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To trace; deduce; infer.</p>

<p><hw>De*rive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flow; to
have origin; to descend; to proceed; to be deduced.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Power from heaven<BR>
<i>Derives</i>, and monarchs rule by gods appointed.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*rive"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
derived; deduction; inference.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I offer these <i>derivements</i> from these
subjects.</blockquote> <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*riv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
derives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Derk</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dark.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>-derm</hw> (?). [See <u>Derm</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
suffix or terminal formative, much used in anatomical terms, and
signifying <i>skin</i>, <i>integument</i>, <i>covering</i>; as,
blasto<i>derm</i>, ecto<i>derm</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>de`rma</grk>,
<grk>-atos</grk>, skin, fr. &?; to skin, flay: cf. F. <i>derme</i>.
See <u>Tear</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
integument of animal; the skin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Dermis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Der"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Derm</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Dermis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Derm"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Derm</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the integument or skin of
animals; dermic; as, the <i>dermal</i> secretions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the dermis or
true skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Der*map"te*ra</hw> (?), <hw>Der*map"ter*an</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Dermoptera</u>,
<u>Dermopteran</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Der*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Der"ma*tine</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?; skin.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der`ma*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>de`rma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, skin + <i>-itis</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der*mat"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>de`rma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, skin + <i>-gen</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Nascent epidermis, or external cuticle of plants
in a forming condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der*mat"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>de`rma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, skin + <i>-gen</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Nascent epidermis, or external cuticle of plants
in a forming condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der*ma*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>de`rma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, skin + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>An
anatomical description of, or treatise on, the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der"ma*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>de`rma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, skin + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F.
<i>dermato&iuml;de</i>.  Cf. <u>Dermoid</u>.] <def>Resembling skin;
skinlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der`ma*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
discourses on the skin and its diseases; one versed in
dermatology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der`ma*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>de`rma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, skin + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F.
<i>dermatologie</i>.] <def>The science which treats of the skin, its
structure, functions, and diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der`ma*to*path"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>de`rma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, skin + <grk>pa`qos</grk>
suffering.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to skin diseases, or
their cure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der*mat"o*phyte</hw> (d&etilde;r*m&abreve;t"&osl;*f&imacr;t
<i>or</i> d&etilde;r"m&adot;*t&osl;*f&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>de`rma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, skin + <grk>fyto`n</grk>
plant.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A vegetable parasite, infesting the
skin.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>||Der*mes"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>dermhsth`s</grk>; <grk>de`rma</grk> skin + root of &?;  to eat.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of coleopterous insects, the
larv&aelig; of which feed animal substances. They are very
destructive to dries meats, skins, woolens, and furs. The most common
species is <i>D. lardarius</i>, known as the <i>bacon
beetle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der*mes"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Dermestes</i>
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to or resembling
the genus Dermestes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The carpet beetle, called the buffalo moth, is a
<i>dermestoid</i> beetle.</blockquote> <i>Pop. Sci. Monthly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Relating to the derm or skin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the dermis;
dermal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Underneath each nail the deep or <i>dermic</i> layer
of the integument is peculiarly modified.</blockquote>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dermic remedies</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>such as act
through the skin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Der"mis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Derm</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The deep sensitive layer of the
skin beneath the scarfskin or epidermis; -- called also <i>true
skin</i>, <i>derm</i>, <i>derma</i>, <i>corium</i>, <i>cutis</i>, and
<i>enderon</i>. See <u>Skin</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Der`mo*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of nudibranch mollusks without
special gills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der`mo*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Derm</i> + <i>branchiate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having
the skin modified to serve as a gill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der`mo*h&aelig;"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or in relation with, both dermal
and h&aelig;mal structures; as, the <i>dermoh&aelig;mal</i> spines or
ventral fin rays of fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Derm</i> + <i>-
oid</i>: cf. F. <i>dermo&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Dermatoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dermoid cyst</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a cyst
containing skin, or structures connected with skin, such as
hair.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Der`mo*neu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or in relation with, both dermal and neural
structures; as, the <i>dermoneural</i> spines or dorsal fin rays of
fishes.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der`mo*path"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Dermatopathic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der"mo*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dermatophyte.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Der*mop"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; skin + &?; wing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The division of insects which includes the earwigs
(<i>Forticulid&aelig;</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of lemuroid
mammals having a parachutelike web of skin between the fore and hind
legs, of which the colugo (<i>Galeopithecus</i>) is the type. See
<u>Colugo</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of Mammalia;
the Cheiroptera.</def></p>

<p>[Written also <i>Dermaptera</i>, and <i>Dermatoptera</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Der*mop"ter*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect which has the anterior pair of
wings coriaceous, and does not use them in flight, as the
earwig.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Der*mop"te*ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Dermopterygii</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Der*mop`te*ryg"i*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; skin + &?; wing, fin, dim. of &?; wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of fishlike animals including the
Marsipobranchiata and Leptocardia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der`mo*skel"e*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Derm</i>
+ <i>skeleton</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Exoskeleton</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Der`mos*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; skin + &?; bone.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Ossification of the
dermis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A gatepost or doorpost.</def> [Local Eng.]  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dern</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Dearn</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hidden; concealed;
secret.</def> [Obs.] "Ye must be full <i>dern</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Solitary; sad.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Derne</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>dyrnan</i> to hide. See <u>Dern</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Dearn</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To hide; to skulk.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He at length escaped them by <i>derning</i> himself in
a foxearth.</blockquote> <i>H. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dern"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Secret; hence,
lonely; sad; mournful.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Dernful</i> noise."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Der`nier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., from OF.
<i>darrein</i>, <i>derrain</i>. See <u>Darrein</u>.] <def>Last;
final.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dernier ressort</b></col> (&?;) [F.], <cd>last resort or
expedient.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dern"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Secretly;
grievously; mournfully.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der"o*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>derogans</i>,
p. pr.] <def>Derogatory.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der"o*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Derogated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Derogating</u> (?).] [L. <i>derogatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>derogare</i> to derogate; <i>de-</i> + <i>rogare</i> to ask, to
ask the people about a law. See <u>Rogation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To annul in part; to repeal partly; to restrict; to limit the
action of; -- said of a law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By several contrary customs, . . . many of the civil
and canon laws are controlled and <i>derogated</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lessen; to detract from; to disparage;
to depreciate; -- said of a person or thing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Anything . . . that should <i>derogate</i>, minish, or
hurt his glory and his name.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der"o*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take away; to detract; to withdraw; --
usually with <i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If we did <i>derogate</i> from them whom their
industry hath made great.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>derogates</i> little from his fortitude, while
it adds infinitely to the honor of his humanity.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act beneath one-s rank, place, birth,
or character; to degenerate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You are a fool granted; therefore your issues, being
foolish, do not <i>derogate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Would Charles X. <i>derogate</i> from his ancestors?
Would he be the degenerate scion of that royal line?</blockquote>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der"o*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>derogatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Diminished in value; dishonored;
degraded.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der"o*gate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
derogatory manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der`o*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>derogatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;rogation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of derogating, partly repealing, or
lessening in value; disparagement; detraction; depreciation; --
followed by <i>of</i>, <i>from</i>, or <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hope it is no <i>derogation</i> to the Christian
religion.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He counted it no <i>derogation</i> of his manhood to
be seen to weep.</blockquote> <i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exch.)</i> <def>An alteration of, or
subtraction from, a contract for a sale of stocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*rog"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Derogatory.</def> -- <wf>De*rog"a*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der"o*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
detractor.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*rog"a*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
derogatory manner; disparagingly.</def>  <i>Aubrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*rog"a*to*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being derogatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*rog"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
derogate, or lessen in value; expressing derogation; detracting;
injurious; -- with <i>from</i>, <i>to</i>, or <i>unto</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Acts of Parliament <i>derogatory</i> from the power of
subsequent Parliaments bind not.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His language was severely censured by some of his
brother peers as <i>derogatory</i> to their order.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Derogatory clause in a testament</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>a sentence of secret character inserted by the testator alone, of
which he reserves the knowledge to himself, with a condition that no
will he may make thereafter shall be valid, unless this clause is
inserted word for word; -- a precaution to guard against later wills
extorted by violence, or obtained by suggestion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Der`o*tre"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>de`ros</grk> skin + &?;, &?;, hole.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The tribe of aquatic Amphibia which includes Amphiuma, Menopoma,
etc. They have permanent gill openings, but no external gills; --
called also <i>Cryptobranchiata</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>Derotrema</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Der"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dearer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der"rick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Orig., a gallows,
from a hangman named <i>Derrick</i>. The name is of Dutch origin; D.
<i>Diederik</i>, <i>Dierryk</i>, prop. meaning, chief of the people;
cf. AS. <i>pe&oacute;dric</i>, E. <i>Theodoric</i>, G.
<i>Dietrich</i>. See <u>Dutch</u>, and <u>Rich</u>.] <def>A mast,
spar, or tall frame, supported at the top by stays or guys, with
suitable tackle for hoisting heavy weights, as stones in
building.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Derrick crane</b></col>, <cd>a combination of the derrick
and the crane, having facility for hoisting and also for swinging the
load horizontally.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Der"ring</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Daring or
warlike.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Drad for his <i>derring</i> doe and bloody
deed.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Der"rin*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the American
inventor.] <def>A kind of short-barreled pocket pistol, of very large
caliber, often carrying a half-ounce ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Derth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dearth;
scarcity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Der`tro*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; beak + &?; box, case.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The horny
covering of the end of the bill of birds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Der"vish</hw> (?), <hw>Der"vise</hw> (?), <hw>Der"vis</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>derw&emacr;sch</i>, fr. OPer.
<i>derew</i> to beg, ask alms: cf. F. <i>derviche</i>.] <def>A
Turkish or Persian monk, especially one who professes extreme poverty
and leads an austere life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der"worth</hw> (d&emacr;r"w&etilde;rth), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>de&oacute;rwur&thorn;e</i>, lit., dearworth.]
<def>Precious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"cant</hw> (d&ebreve;s"k&abreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>descant</i>, <i>deschant</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;chant</i>,
<i>discant</i>, LL. <i>discantus</i>, fr. L. <i>dis</i> +
<i>cantus</i> singing, melody, fr. <i>canere</i> to sing. See
<u>Chant</u>, and cf. <u>Descant</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>,
<u>Discant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Originally, a double song; a melody or counterpoint sung above
the plain song of the tenor; a variation of an air; a variation by
ornament of the main subject or plain song.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The upper voice in part music.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The <i>canto</i>, <i>cantus</i>, or soprano voice; the
treble.</def>  <i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Twenty doctors expound one text twenty ways, as
children make <i>descant</i> upon plain song.</blockquote>
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She [the nightingale] all night long her amorous
<i>descant</i> sung.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term has also been used synonymously with counterpoint,
or polyphony, which developed out of the French
<i>d&eacute;chant</i>, of the 12th century.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A discourse formed on its theme, like
variations on a musical air; a comment or comments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon that simplest of themes how magnificent a
<i>descant</i>!</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des*cant"</hw> (d&ebreve;s*k&abreve;nt"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Descanted</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Descanting</u>.] [From
<i>descant</i>; <i>n.</i>; or directly fr. OF. <i>descanter</i>,
<i>deschanter</i>; L. <i>dis-</i> + <i>cantare</i> to sing.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sing a variation or
accomplishment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To comment freely; to discourse with
fullness and particularity; to discourse at large.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A virtuous man should be pleased to find people
<i>descanting</i> on his actions.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des*cant"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
descants.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*scend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Descended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Descending</u>.] [F. <i>descendre</i>, L. <i>descendere</i>,
<i>descensum</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>scandere</i> to climb. See
<u>Scan</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass from a higher to a
lower place; to move downwards; to come or go down in any way, as by
falling, flowing, walking, etc.; to plunge; to fall; to incline
downward; -- the opposite of <i>ascend</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rain <i>descended</i>, and the floods
came.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vii. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We will here <i>descend</i> to matters of later
date.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter mentally; to retire.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>[He] with holiest meditations fed,<BR>
Into himself <i>descended</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make an attack, or incursion, as if
from a vantage ground; to come suddenly and with violence; -- with
<i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And on the suitors let thy wrath
<i>descend</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To come down to a lower, less fortunate,
humbler, less virtuous, or worse, state or station; to lower or abase
one's self; as, he <i>descended</i> from his high estate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To pass from the more general or important
to the particular or less important matters to be
considered.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To come down, as from a source, original,
or stock; to be derived; to proceed by generation or by transmission;
to fall or pass by inheritance; as, the beggar may <i>descend</i>
from a prince; a crown <i>descends</i> to the heir.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>To move toward the south,
or to the southward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To fall in pitch; to pass
from a higher to a lower tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*scend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To go down
upon or along; to pass from a higher to a lower part of; as, they
<i>descended</i> the river in boats; to <i>descend</i> a
ladder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But never tears his cheek
<i>descended</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*scend"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>descendant</i>, p. pr. of <i>descendre</i>.  Cf.
<u>Descendent</u>.] <def>Descendent.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*scend"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who descends,
as offspring, however remotely; -- correlative to <i>ancestor</i> or
<i>ascendant</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our first parents and their
<i>descendants</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>descendant</i> of so many kings and
emperors.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*scend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>descendens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>descendre</i>.  Cf.
<u>Descendant</u>.] <def>Descending; falling; proceeding from an
ancestor or source.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More than mortal grace<BR>
Speaks thee <i>descendent</i> of ethereal race.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*scend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
descends.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*scend`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being descendible; capability of being transmitted from
ancestors; as, the <i>descendibility</i> of an estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*scend"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Admitting descent; capable of being
descended.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That may descend from an ancestor to an
heir.</def> "A <i>descendant</i> estate."  <i>Sir W. Jones.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*scend"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to descent; moving downwards.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Descending constellations</b></col> or
<col><b>signs</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>those through which the
planets descent toward the south.</cd> -- <col><b>Descending
node</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>that point in a planet's orbit
where it intersects the ecliptic in passing southward.</cd> --
<col><b>Descending series</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a series in
which each term is numerically smaller than the preceding one; also,
a series arranged according to descending powers of a
quantity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*scend"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
descending manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*scen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>descension</i>, L. <i>descensio</i>. See <u>Descent</u>.] <def>The
act of going downward; descent; falling or sinking; declension;
degradation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oblique descension</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
degree or arc of the equator which descends, with a celestial object,
below the horizon of an oblique sphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Right
descension</b></col>, <cd>the degree or arc of the equator which
descends below the horizon of a right sphere at the same time with
the object.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 397 !></p>

<p><hw>De*scen"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to descension.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*scen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
descend; tending downwards; descending.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*scen"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>descensorium</i>: cf. OF. <i>descensoire</i>. See <u>Descend</u>.]
<def>A vessel used in alchemy to extract oils.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*scent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>descente</i>,
fr. <i>descendre</i>; like <i>vente</i>, from <i>vendre</i>. See
<u>Descend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of descending, or
passing downward; change of place from higher to lower.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incursion; sudden attack; especially,
hostile invasion from sea; -- often followed by <i>upon</i> or
<i>on</i>; as, to make a <i>descent</i> upon the enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The United Provinces . . . ordered public prayer to
God, when they feared that the French and English fleets would make a
<i>descent</i> upon their coasts.</blockquote> <i>Jortin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Progress downward, as in station, virtue,
as in station, virtue, and the like, from a higher to a lower state,
from a higher to a lower state, from the more to the less important,
from the better to the worse, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Derivation, as from an ancestor; procedure
by generation; lineage; birth; extraction.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Transmission of an estate by
inheritance, usually, but not necessarily, in the descending line;
title to inherit an estate by reason of consanguinity.</def>
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Inclination downward; a descending way;
inclined or sloping surface; declivity; slope; as, a steep
<i>descent</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That which is descended; descendants;
issue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If care of our <i>descent</i> perplex us most,<BR>
Which must be born to certain woe.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A step or remove downward in any scale of
gradation; a degree in the scale of genealogy; a
generation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man living is a thousand <i>descents</i> removed
from Adam himself.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Lowest place; extreme downward
place.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And from the extremest upward of thy head,<BR>
To the <i>descent</i> and dust below thy foot.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i> <sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A passing from a
higher to a lower tone.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Declivity; slope; degradation; extraction; lineage;
assault; invasion; attack.</p>

<p><hw>De*scrib"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That can be
described; capable of description.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Described</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Describing</u>.] [L. <i>describere</i>,
<i>descriptum</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>scribere</i> to write: cf. OE.
<i>descriven</i>, OF. <i>descrivre</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;crire</i>. See
<u>Scribe</u>, and cf. <u>Descry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
represent by drawing; to draw a plan of; to delineate; to trace or
mark out; as, to <i>describe</i> a circle by the compasses; a torch
waved about the head in such a way as to <i>describe</i> a
circle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To represent by words written or spoken;
to give an account of; to make known to others by words or signs; as,
the geographer <i>describes</i> countries and cities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To distribute into parts, groups, or
classes; to mark off; to class.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Passed through the land, and <i>described</i> it by
cities into seven parts in a book.</blockquote> <i>Josh. xviii.
9.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To set forth; represent; delineate; relate;
recount; narrate; express; explain; depict; portray; chracterize.</p>

<p><hw>De*scribe"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use the
faculty of describing; to give a description; as, Milton
<i>describes</i> with uncommon force and beauty.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*scrib"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>describens</i>, p. pr. of <i>describere</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Generatrix</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*scrib"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
describes.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*scri"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
descries.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*scrip"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>description</i>, L. <i>descriptio</i>. See <u>Describe</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of describing; a delineation by marks
or signs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sketch or account of anything in words;
a portraiture or representation in language; an enumeration of the
essential qualities of a thing or species.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Milton has <i>descriptions</i> of
morning.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A class to which a certain representation
is applicable; kind; sort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A difference . . . between them and another
<i>description</i> of public creditors.</blockquote> <i>A.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The plates were all of the meanest
<i>description</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Account; definition; recital; relation; detail;
narrative; narration; explanation; delineation; representation; kind;
sort. See <u>Definition</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*scrip"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>descriptivus</i>: cf. F. <i>descriptif</i>.] <def>Tending to
describe; having the quality of representing; containing description;
as, a <i>descriptive</i> figure; a <i>descriptive</i> phrase; a
<i>descriptive</i> narration; a story <i>descriptive</i> of the
age.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Descriptive anatomy</b></col>, <cd>that part of anatomy
which treats of the forms and relations of parts, but not of their
textures.</cd> -- <col><b>Descriptive geometry</b></col>, <cd>that
branch of geometry. which treats of the graphic solution of problems
involving three dimensions, by means of projections upon auxiliary
planes.</cd>  <i>Davies &amp; Peck (Math. Dict. )</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>De*scrip"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*scrip"tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*scrive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>descrivre</i>. See <u>Describe</u>.] <def>To describe.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*scry"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Descried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Descrying</u>.] [OE. <i>descrien</i>, <i>discrien</i>, to espy,
prob. from the proclaiming of what was espied, fr. OF.
<i>descrier</i> to proclaim, cry down, decry, F.
<i>d&eacute;crier</i>. The word was confused somewhat with OF.
<i>descriven</i>, E. <i>describe</i>, OF. <i>descrivre</i>, from L.
<i>describere</i>. See <u>Decry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To spy
out or discover by the eye, as objects distant or obscure; to espy;
to recognize; to discern; to discover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the house of Joseph sent to <i>descry</i>
Bethel.</blockquote> <i>Judg. i. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Edmund, I think, is gone . . . to <i>descry</i><BR>
The strength o' the enemy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And now their way to earth they had
<i>descried</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discover; to disclose; to reveal.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His purple robe he had thrown aside, lest it should
<i>descry</i> him.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To see; behold; espy; discover; discern.</p>

<p><hw>De*scry"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Discovery or
view, as of an army seen at a distance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Near, and on speedy foot; the main <i>descry</i><BR>
Stands on the hourly thought.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"e*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desecare</i> to cut off.] <def>To cut, as with a scythe; to
mow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Des"e*crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Desecrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Desecrating</u> (?).] [L. <i>desecratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>desecrare</i> (also <i>desacrare</i>) to consecrate, dedicate; but
taken in the sense if to divest of a sacred character; <i>de-</i> +
<i>sacrare</i> to consecrate, fr. <i>sacer</i> sacred. See
<u>Sacred</u>.] <def>To divest of a sacred character or office; to
divert from a sacred purpose; to violate the sanctity of; to profane;
to put to an unworthy use; -- the opposite of
<i>consecrate</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The [Russian] clergy can not suffer corporal
punishment without being previously <i>desecrated</i>.</blockquote>
<i>W. Tooke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The founders of monasteries imprecated evil on those
who should <i>desecrate</i> their donations.</blockquote>
<i>Salmon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"e*cra`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
desecrates; a profaner.</def>  <i>Harper's Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des`e*cra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
desecrating; profanation; condition of anything desecrated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"e*cra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
desecrates.</def> "<i>Desecrators</i> of the church."
<i>Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*seg`men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The loss or obliteration of division into
segments; as, a <i>desegmentation</i> of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sert"</hw> (d&esl;*z&etilde;rt"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>deserte</i>, <i>desserte</i>, merit, recompense, fr.
<i>deservir</i>, <i>desservir</i>, to merit. See <u>Deserve</u>.]
<def>That which is deserved; the reward or the punishment justly due;
claim to recompense, usually in a good sense; right to reward;
merit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>According to their <i>deserts</i> will I judge
them.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. vii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Andronicus, surnamed Pius<BR>
For many good and great <i>deserts</i> to Rome.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His reputation falls far below his
<i>desert</i>.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Merit; worth; excellence; due.</p>

<p><hw>Des"ert</hw> (d&ebreve;z"&etilde;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;sert</i>, L. <i>desertum</i>, from <i>desertus</i>
solitary, desert, pp. of <i>deserere</i> to desert; <i>de-</i> +
<i>serere</i> to join together. See <u>Series</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A deserted or forsaken region; a barren tract
incapable of supporting population, as the vast sand plains of Asia
and Africa which are destitute of moisture and vegetation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dreary <i>desert</i> and a gloomy
waste.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tract, which may be capable of
sustaining a population, but has been left unoccupied and
uncultivated; a wilderness; a solitary place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will make her wilderness like Eden, and her
<i>desert</i> like the garden of the Lord.</blockquote> <i>Is. li.
3.</i></p>

<p>Also figuratively.</p>

<p><blockquote>Before her extended<BR>
Dreary and vast and silent, the <i>desert</i> of life.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ert</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>desertus</i>, p.
p. of <i>deserere</i>, and F. <i>d&eacute;sert</i>. See 2d
<u>Desert</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a desert; forsaken; without
life or cultivation; unproductive; waste; barren; wild; desolate;
solitary; as, they landed on a <i>desert</i> island.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . went aside privately into a <i>desert</i>
place.</blockquote> <i>Luke ix. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Full many a flower is born to blush unseen,<BR>
And waste its sweetness on the <i>desert</i> air.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Desert flora</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the assemblage
of plants growing naturally in a desert, or in a dry and apparently
unproductive place.</cd> -- <col><b>Desert hare</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small hare (<i>Lepus sylvaticus</i>, var.
<i>Arizon&aelig;</i>) inhabiting the deserts of the Western United
States.</cd> -- <col><b>Desert mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an American mouse (<i>Hesperomys eremicus</i>), living in the
Western deserts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*sert"</hw> (d&esl;*z&etilde;rt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deserted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Deserting</u>.] [Cf. L. <i>desertus</i>, p. p. of
<i>deserere</i> to desert, F. <i>d&eacute;serter</i>. See 2d
<u>Desert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To leave (especially
something which one should stay by and support); to leave in the
lurch; to abandon; to forsake; -- implying blame, except sometimes
when used of <i>localities</i>; as, to <i>desert</i> a friend, a
principle, a cause, one's country.</def> "The <i>deserted</i>
fortress."  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To abandon (the service)
without leave; to forsake in violation of duty; to abscond from; as,
to <i>desert</i> the army; to <i>desert</i> one's colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sert"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To abandon a
service without leave; to quit military service without permission,
before the expiration of one's term; to abscond.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soldiers . . . <i>deserted</i> in
numbers.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abandon; forsake; leave; relinquish; renounce;
quit; depart from; abdicate. See <u>Abandon</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*sert"er</hw> <i>(d&esl;*z&etilde;rt"&etilde;r)</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who forsakes a duty, a cause or a
party, a friend, or any one to whom he owes service; especially, a
soldier or a seaman who abandons the service without leave; one
guilty of desertion.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sert"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Meritorious.</def> [R.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ser"tion</hw> (d&esl;*z&etilde;r"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>desertio</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sertion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
deserting or forsaking; abandonment of a service, a cause, a party, a
friend, or any post of duty; the quitting of one's duties willfully
and without right; esp., an absconding from military or naval
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a resignation would have seemed to his superior a
<i>desertion</i> or a reproach.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being forsaken; desolation;
as, the king in his <i>desertion</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Abandonment by God; spiritual
despondency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The spiritual agonies of a soul under
<i>desertion</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sert"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
desert.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*sert"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Undeservedly.</def> [R.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ert*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A deserted
condition.</def> [R.] "The <i>desertness</i> of the country."
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*sert"rix</hw> (?), <hw>De*sert"rice</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>desertrix</i>.] <def>A feminine
deserter.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*serve"</hw> (d&esl;*z&etilde;rv"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deserved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Deserving</u>.] [OF. <i>deservir</i>,
<i>desservir</i>, to merit, L. <i>deservire</i> to serve zealously,
be devoted to; <i>de-</i> + <i>servire</i> to serve. See
<u>Serve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To earn by service; to be
worthy of (something due, either good or evil); to merit; to be
entitled to; as, the laborer <i>deserves</i> his wages; a work of
value <i>deserves</i> praise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God exacteth of thee less than thine iniquity
<i>deserveth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Job xi. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>John Gay <i>deserved</i> to be a
favorite.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Encouragement is not held out to things that
<i>deserve</i> reprehension.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To serve; to treat; to benefit.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man that hath<BR>
So well <i>deserved</i> me.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*serve"</hw> (d&esl;*z&etilde;rv"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To be worthy of recompense; -- usually with <i>ill</i> or with
<i>well</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One man may merit or <i>deserve</i> of
another.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*serv"ed*ly</hw> (-z&etilde;rv"&ebreve;d*l>ycr/),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According to desert (whether good or
evil); justly.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*serv"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Meritoriousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*serv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
deserves.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*serv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Desert;
merit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A person of great <i>deservings</i> from the
republic.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*serv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Meritorious;
worthy; as, a <i>deserving</i> person or act.</def> --
<wf>De*serv"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Des`ha*bille</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;shabill&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>d&eacute;shabiller</i> to
undress; pref. <i>d&eacute;s-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>habiller</i>
to dress. See <u>Habiliment</u>, and cf. <u>Dishabille</u>.] <def>An
undress; a careless toilet.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sic"cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desiccans</i>, p. pr. of <i>desiccare</i>. See <u>Desiccate</u>.]
<def>Drying; desiccative.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A medicine or application for drying up a sore.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ic*cate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Desiccated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Desiccating</u>.] [L. <i>desiccatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>desiccare</i> to dry up; <i>de-</i> + <i>siccare</i> to dry,
<i>siccus</i> dry. See <u>Sack</u> wine.] <def>To dry up; to deprive
or exhaust of moisture; to preserve by drying; as, to
<i>desiccate</i> fish or fruit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bodies <i>desiccated</i> by heat or age.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ic*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
dry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des`ic*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dessiccation</i>.] <def>The act of desiccating, or the state of
being desiccated.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sic"ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dessicatif</i>.] <def>Drying; tending to dry.</def>
<i>Ferrand.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
application for drying up secretions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"ic*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, desiccates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A short glass jar fitted
with an air-tight cover, and containing some desiccating agent, as
sulphuric acid or calcium chloride, above which is suspended the
material to be dried, or preserved from moisture.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sic"ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Desiccative.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sid"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Desirable.</def> [R.] "Good and <i>desiderable</i> things."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||De*sid`e*ra"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Desideratum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sid"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Desiderated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Desiderating</u>.] [L. <i>desideratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>desiderare</i> to desire, miss. See <u>Desire</u>, and cf.
<u>Desideratum</u>.] <def>To desire; to feel the want of; to lack; to
miss; to want.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pray have the goodness to point out one word missing
that ought to have been there -- please to insert a
<i>desiderated</i> stanza. You can not.</blockquote> <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men were beginning . . . to <i>desiderate</i> for them
an actual abode of fire.</blockquote> <i>A. W. Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sid`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desideratio</i>.] <def>Act of desiderating; also, the thing
desired.</def> [R.]  <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sid"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desiderativus</i>.] <def>Denoting desire; as, <i>desiderative</i>
verbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sid"er*a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An object of desire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A verb formed from another
verb by a change of termination, and expressing the desire of doing
that which is indicated by the primitive verb.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*sid`e*ra"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Desiderata</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. <i>desideratus</i>, p. p.
See <u>Desiderate</u>.] <def>Anything desired; that of which the lack
is felt; a want generally felt and acknowledge.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*sid"i*ose`</hw> (?), <hw>De*sid"i*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>desidiosus</i>, fr. <i>desidia</i> a
sitting idle, fr. <i>desid&?;re</i> to sit idle; <i>de-</i> +
<i>sed&?;re</i> to sit.] <def>Idle; lazy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*sid"i*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being desidiose, or indolent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>N.
Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sight"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-</i> +
<i>sight</i>.] <def>An unsightly object.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*sight"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
making unsightly; disfigurement.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To substitute jury masts at whatever
<i>desightment</i> or damage in risk.</blockquote> <i>London
Times.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sign"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Designed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Designing</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;signer</i> to
designate, cf. F. <i>dessiner</i> to draw, <i>dessin</i> drawing,
<i>dessein</i> a plan or scheme; all, ultimately, from L.
<i>designare</i> to designate; <i>de-</i> + <i>signare</i> to mark,
mark out, <i>signum</i> mark, sign. See <u>Sign</u>, and cf.
<u>Design</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Designate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw preliminary outline or main features
of; to sketch for a pattern or model; to delineate; to trace out; to
draw.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark out and exhibit; to designate; to
indicate; to show; to point out; to appoint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall see<BR>
Justice <i>design</i> the victor's chivalry.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Meet me to-morrow where the master<BR>
And this fraternity shall <i>design</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To create or produce, as a work of art; to
form a plan or scheme of; to form in idea; to invent; to project; to
lay out in the mind; as, a man <i>designs</i> an essay, a poem, a
statue, or a cathedral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To intend or purpose; -- usually with
<i>for</i> before the remote object, but sometimes with
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ask of politicians the end for which laws were
originally <i>designed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>designed</i> to the study of the
law.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To sketch; plan; purpose; intend; propose; project;
mean.</p>

<p><hw>De*sign"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form a design
or designs; to plan.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Design for</b></col>, <cd>to intend to go to.</cd> [Obs.]
"From this city she <i>designed for</i> Collin [Cologne]."
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><! p. 398 !></p>

<p><hw>De*sign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>dessein</i>,
<i>dessin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A preliminary sketch; an
outline or pattern of the main features of something to be executed,
as of a picture, a building, or a decoration; a delineation; a
plan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plan or scheme formed in the mind of
something to be done; preliminary conception; idea intended to be
expressed in a visible form or carried into action; intention;
purpose; -- often used in a bad sense for evil intention or purpose;
scheme; plot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vast <i>design</i> and purpos&?; of the
King.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The leaders of that assembly who withstood the
<i>designs</i> of a besotted woman.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A . . . settled <i>design</i> upon another man's
life.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How little he could guess the secret <i>designs</i> of
the court!</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, intention or purpose as
revealed or inferred from the adaptation of means to an end; as, the
argument from <i>design</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The realization of an inventive or
decorative plan; esp., a work of decorative art considered as a new
creation; conception or plan shown in completed work; as, this carved
panel is a fine <i>design</i>, or of a fine <i>design</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The invention and conduct of
the subject; the disposition of every part, and the general order of
the whole.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arts of design</b></col>, <cd>those into which the
designing of artistic forms and figures enters as a principal part,
as architecture, painting, engraving, sculpture.</cd> --
<col><b>School of design</b></col>, <cd>one in which are taught the
invention and delineation of artistic or decorative figures,
patterns, and the like.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Intention; purpose; scheme; project; plan; idea.  -
- <u>Design</u>, <u>Intention</u>, <u>Purpose</u>. <i>Design</i> has
reference to something definitely aimed at. <i>Intention</i> points
to the feelings or desires with which a thing is sought. <i>Purpose
has</i> reference to a settled choice or determination for its
attainment. "I had no <i>design</i> to injure you," means it was no
part of my aim or object. "I had no <i>intention</i> to injure you,"
means, I had no wish or desire of that kind. "My <i>purpose</i> was
directly the reverse," makes the case still stronger.</p>

<p><blockquote>Is he a prudent man . . . that lays <i>designs</i>
only for a day, without any prospect to the remaining part of his
life?</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I wish others the same <i>intention</i>, and greater
successes.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the <i>purpose</i> that makes strong the
vow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ig*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being designated or distinctly marked out; distinguishable.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ig*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>designatus</i>, p. p. of <i>designare</i>. See <u>Design</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Designated; appointed; chosen.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir G. Buck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ig*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Designated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Designating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark out and make
known; to point out; to name; to indicate; to show; to distinguish by
marks or description; to specify; as, to <i>designate</i> the
boundaries of a country; to <i>designate</i> the rioters who are to
be arrested.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To call by a distinctive title; to
name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To indicate or set apart for a purpose or
duty; -- with <i>to</i> or <i>for</i>; as, to <i>designate</i> an
officer for or to the command of a post or station.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To name; denominate; style; entitle; characterize;
describe.</p>

<p><hw>Des`ig*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>designatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;signation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of designating; a pointing out or
showing; indication.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Selection and appointment for a purpose;
allotment; direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which designates; a distinguishing
mark or name; distinctive title; appellation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The usual <i>designation</i> of the days of the
week.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Use or application; import; intention;
signification, as of a word or phrase.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Finite and infinite seem . . . to be attributed
primarily, in their first <i>designation</i>, only to those things
which have parts.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ig*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;signatif</i>.] <def>Serving to designate or indicate;
pointing out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"ig*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An officer who assigned
to each his rank and place in public shows and ceremonies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who designates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"ig*na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
designate; designative; indicating.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*sign"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By design;
purposely; intentionally; -- opposed to <i>accidentally</i>,
<i>ignorantly</i>, or <i>inadvertently</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sign"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who designs, marks out, or plans; a contriver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>One who produces or
creates original works of art or decoration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A plotter; a schemer; -- used in a bad
sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sign"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
design; scheming.</def> [R.] -- <wf>De*sign"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sign"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Intriguing;
artful; scheming; as, a <i>designing</i> man.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sign"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of making
designs or sketches; the act of forming designs or plans.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sign"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
design.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>De*sign"less*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*sign"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Delineation; sketch; design; ideal; invention.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For though that some mean artist's skill were
shown<BR>
In mingling colors, or in placing light,<BR>
Yet still the fair <i>designment</i> was his own.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Design; purpose; scheme.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sil"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of silver; as, to <i>desilver</i> lead.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sil`ver*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act or the process of freeing from silver; also, the condition
resulting from the removal of silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sil"ver*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive, or free from, silver; to remove silver from.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"i*nence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sinence</i>.] <def>Termination; ending.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"i*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>desinens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>desinere</i>, <i>desitum</i>, to leave off, cease;
<i>de-</i> + <i>sinere</i> to let, allow.] <def>Ending; forming an
end; lowermost.</def> [Obs.] "Their <i>desinent</i> parts, fish."
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des`i*nen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sinentiel</i>.] <def>Terminal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Furthermore, <i>b</i>, as a <i>desinential</i>
element, has a dynamic function.</blockquote> <i>Fitzed.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sip"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desipiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>desipere</i> to be foolish; <i>de-</i>
+ <i>sapere</i> to be wise.] <def>Foolish; silly; trifling.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*sir`a*bil"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being desirable; desirableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sir"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;sirable</i>, fr. L. <i>desiderabilis</i>. See
<u>Desire</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Worthy of desire or
longing; fitted to excite desire or a wish to possess; pleasing;
agreeable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All of them <i>desirable</i> young men.</blockquote>
<i>Ezek. xxiii. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As things <i>desirable</i> excite<BR>
Desire, and objects move the appetite.</blockquote>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sir"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being desirable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>desirableness</i> of the Austrian
alliance.</blockquote> <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sir"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a desirable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Desired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Desiring</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;sirer</i>, L. <i>desiderare</i>,
origin uncertain, perh. fr. <i>de-</i> + <i>sidus</i> star,
constellation, and hence orig., to turn the eyes from the stars.  Cf.
<u>Consider</u>, and <u>Desiderate</u>, and see <u>Sidereal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To long for; to wish for earnestly; to
covet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither shall any man <i>desire</i> thy
land.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxiv. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye <i>desire</i> your child to live.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express a wish for; to entreat; to
request.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then she said, Did I <i>desire</i> a son of my
lord?</blockquote> <i>2 Kings iv. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Desire</i> him to go in; trouble him no
more.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To require; to demand; to claim.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A doleful case <i>desires</i> a doleful
song.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To miss; to regret.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She shall be pleasant while she lives, and
<i>desired</i> when she dies.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To long for; hanker after; covet; wish; ask;
request; solicit; entreat; beg.  -- To <u>Desire</u>, <u>Wish</u>. In
<i>desire</i> the feeling is usually more eager than in <i>wish</i>.
"I <i>wish</i> you to do this" is a milder form of command than "I
<i>desire</i> you to do this," though the feeling prompting the
injunction may be the same. <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sire"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;sir</i>,
fr. <i>d&eacute;sirer</i>. See <u>Desire</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The natural longing that is
excited by the enjoyment or the thought of any good, and impels to
action or effort its continuance or possession; an eager wish to
obtain or enjoy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unspeakable <i>desire</i> to see and
know.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An expressed wish; a request;
petition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And slowly was my mother brought<BR>
To yield consent to my <i>desire</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything which is desired; an object of
longing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Desire</i> of all nations shall
come.</blockquote> <i>Hag. ii. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Excessive or morbid longing; lust;
appetite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Grief; regret.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wish; appetency; craving; inclination; eagerness;
aspiration; longing.</p>

<p><hw>De*sire"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Filled with
desire; eager.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>desireful</i> troops.</blockquote> <i>Godfrey
(1594).</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sire"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being desireful; eagerness to obtain and possess.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>desirefulness</i> of our minds much augmenteth
and increaseth our pleasure.</blockquote> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sire"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
desire.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sir"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who desires,
asks, or wishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sir"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;sireux</i>, OF. <i>desiros</i>, fr. <i>desir</i>. See
<u>Desire</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Feeling desire; eagerly
wishing; solicitous; eager to obtain; covetous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jesus knew that they were <i>desirous</i> to ask
him.</blockquote> <i>John xvi. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not <i>desirous</i> of his dainties.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xxiii. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sir"ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With desire;
eagerly.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sir"ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being desirous.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sist"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Desisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Desisting</u>.] [L. <i>desistere</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>sistere</i>
to stand, stop, fr. <i>stare</i> to stand: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sister</i>. See <u>Stand</u>.] <def>To cease to proceed
or act; to stop; to forbear; -- often with <i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never <i>desisting</i> to do evil.</blockquote> <i>E.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>desist</i> from his bad practice.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Desist</i> (thou art discern'd,<BR>
And toil'st in vain).</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sist"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>desistance</i>.] <def>The act or state of desisting;
cessation.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If fatigue of body or brain were in every case
followed by <i>desistance</i> . . . then would the system be but
seldom out of working order.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sist"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Desist</u>.] <def>Final; conclusive; ending.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Desinent</u>.] <def>An end or ending.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Des"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Final; serving
to complete; conclusive.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Desitive</i> propositions."
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A
proposition relating to or expressing an end or conclusion.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Desk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>deske</i>, the
same word as <i>dish</i>, <i>disk</i>. See <u>Dish</u>, and cf.
<u>Disk</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A table, frame, or case,
usually with sloping top, but often with flat top, for the use
writers and readers. It often has a drawer or repository
underneath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reading table or lectern to support the
book from which the liturgical service is read, differing from the
pulpit from which the sermon is preached; also (esp. in the United
States), a pulpit. Hence, used symbolically for "the clerical
profession."</def></p>

<p><hw>Desk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Desked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Desking</u>.] <def>To shut up, as in a desk; to
treasure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Desk"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work done at a
desk, as by a clerk or writer.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"man</hw> (d&ebreve;s"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. Sw. <i>desman</i> musk.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An amphibious,
insectivorous mammal found in Russia (<i>Myogale moschata</i>). It is
allied to the moles, but is called <i>muskrat</i> by some English
writers.</def> [Written also <i>d&aelig;sman</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Des"mid</hw> (?), <hw>Des*mid"i*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>desmo`s</grk> chain +
<grk>e'i^dos</grk> form.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A microscopic plant of
the family <i>Desmidi&aelig;</i>, a group of unicellular alg&aelig;
in which the species have a greenish color, and the cells generally
appear as if they consisted of two coalescing halves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>de`smh</grk>, <grk>desmo`s</grk>, bundle, fr. <grk>dei^n</grk>
to bind.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Stilbite</u>. It commonly
occurs in bundles or tufts of crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Des`mo*bac*te"ri*a</hw>
(d&ebreve;s`m&osl;*b&abreve;k*t&emacr;"r&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>desmo`s</grk> bond + E. <i>bacteria</i>.]
<def>See <u>Microbacteria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"mo*dont</hw> (-d&obreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>desmo`s</grk> bond + <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>,
tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A member of a group of South
American blood-sucking bats, of the genera <i>Desmodus</i> and
<i>Diphylla</i>. See <u>Vampire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des*mog"na*thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>desmo`s</grk> bond + <grk>gna`qos</grk> jaw.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the maxillo-palatine bones united; --
applied to a group of carinate birds (<i>Desmognath&aelig;</i>),
including various wading and swimming birds, as the ducks and herons,
and also raptorial and other kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>desmo`s</grk> ligament + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Resembling, or having the characteristics of, a ligament;
ligamentous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>desmo`s</grk> ligament + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which
treats of the ligaments.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Des`mo*my*a"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; bond + &?; muscle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The division
of Tunicata which includes the Salp&aelig;. See
<u>Salpa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Des"o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desolatus</i>, p. p. of <i>desolare</i> to leave alone, forsake;
<i>de-</i> + <i>solare</i> to make lonely, <i>solus</i> alone. See
<u>Sole</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute
or deprived of inhabitants; deserted; uninhabited; hence, gloomy; as,
a <i>desolate</i> isle; a <i>desolate</i> wilderness; a
<i>desolate</i> house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will make Jerusalem . . . a den of dragons, and I
will make the cities of Judah <i>desolate</i>, without an
inhabitant.</blockquote> <i>Jer. ix. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the silvery marish flowers that throng<BR>
The <i>desolate</i> creeks and pools among.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Laid waste; in a ruinous condition;
neglected; destroyed; as, <i>desolate</i> altars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Left alone; forsaken; lonely;
comfortless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have mercy upon, for I am
<i>desolate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxv. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Voice of the poor and <i>desolate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Lost to shame; dissolute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of; lacking in.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I were right now of tales
<i>desolate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Desert; uninhabited; lonely; waste.</p>

<p><hw>Des"o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Desolated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Desolating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make desolate; to
leave alone; to deprive of inhabitants; as, the earth was nearly
<i>desolated</i> by the flood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay waste; to ruin; to ravage; as, a
fire <i>desolates</i> a city.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Constructed in the very heart of a <i>desolating</i>
war.</blockquote> <i>Sparks.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"o*late*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
desolate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"o*late*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being desolate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"o*la`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, desolates or lays waste.</def>  <i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des`o*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;solation</i>, L. <i>desolatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of desolating or laying waste; destruction of
inhabitants; depopulation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unto the end of the war <i>desolations</i> are
determined.</blockquote> <i>Dan. ix. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being desolated or laid
waste; ruin; solitariness; destitution; gloominess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You would have sold your king to slaughter, . . . <BR>
And his whole kingdom into <i>desolation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place or country wasted and
forsaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How is Babylon become a
<i>desolation</i>!</blockquote> <i>Jer. l. 23.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Waste; ruin; destruction; havoc; devastation;
ravage; sadness; destitution; melancholy; gloom; gloominess.</p>

<p><hw>Des"o*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Same as
<u>Desolater</u>.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"o*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desolatorius</i>.] <def>Causing desolation.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`so*phis"ti*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
clear from sophism or error.</def> [R.]  <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des`ox*al"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. pref. <i>des-
</i> from + E. <i>oxalic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Made or derived
from oxalic acid; as, <i>desoxalic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*spair"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Despaired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Despairing</u>.] [OE. <i>despeiren</i>, <i>dispeiren</i>, OF.
<i>desperer</i>, fr. L. <i>desperare</i>; <i>de-</i> + <i>sperare</i>
to hope; akin to <i>spes</i> hope, and perh. to <i>spatium</i> space,
E. <i>space</i>, <i>speed</i>; cf. OF. <i>espeir</i> hope, F.
<i>espoir</i>.  Cf. <u>Prosper</u>, <u>Desperate</u>.] <def>To be
hopeless; to have no hope; to give up all hope or expectation; --
often with <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>despaired</i> even of life.</blockquote> <i>2
Cor. i. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Never <i>despair</i> of God's blessings
here.</blockquote> <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Despond</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*spair"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To give up as beyond hope or expectation; to despair of.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I would not <i>despair</i> the greatest design that
could be attempted.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to despair.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spair"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>despoir</i>,
fr. <i>desperer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Loss of hope; utter
hopelessness; complete despondency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We in dark dreams are tossing to and fro,<BR>
Pine with regret, or sicken with <i>despair</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Before he [Bunyan] was ten, his sports were
interrupted by fits of remorse and <i>despair</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><! p. 399 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is despaired of.</def> "The
mere <i>despair</i> of surgery he cures."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Desperation; despondency; hopelessness.</p>

<p><hw>De*spair"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
despairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*spair"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hopeless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spair"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Feeling or
expressing despair; hopeless.</def> -- <wf>De*spair"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>De*spair"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*spar"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>desparpeillier</i>.] <def>To scatter; to disparkle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Mandeville.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spatch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Dispatch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`spe*cif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>de-</i> (intens.) + <i>specificate</i>.] <def>To discriminate; to
separate according to specific signification or qualities; to
specificate; to desynonymize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Inaptitude and ineptitude have been usefully
<i>despecificated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spec`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Discrimination.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*spect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>despectus</i>,
fr. <i>despicere</i>. See <u>Despite</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Contempt.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>despectio</i>.] <def>A looking down; a despising.</def> [R.]
<i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*speed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To send
hastily.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Despeeded</i> certain of their crew.</blockquote>
<i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spend; to
squander. See <u>Dispend</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some noble men in Spain can <i>despend</i>
&pound;50,000.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des`per*a"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Desperadoes</b></plw> (#). [OSp. <i>desperado</i>, p. p. of
<i>desperar</i>, fr. L. <i>desperare</i>. See <u>Desperate</u>.]
<def>A reckless, furious man; a person urged by furious passions, and
regardless of consequence; a wild ruffian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"per*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desperatus</i>, p. p. of <i>desperare</i>. See <u>Despair</u>, and
cf. <u>Desperado</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without hope; given to
despair; hopeless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>desperate</i> of obtaining her.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Beyond hope; causing despair; extremely
perilous; irretrievable; past cure, or, at least, extremely
dangerous; as, a <i>desperate</i> disease; <i>desperate</i>
fortune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from, or suggested by, despair;
without regard to danger or safety; reckless; furious; as, a
<i>desperate</i> effort.</def> "<i>Desperate</i> expedients."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Extreme, in a bad sense; outrageous; --
used to mark the extreme predominance of a bad quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>desperate</i> offendress against
nature.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The most <i>desperate</i> of reprobates.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hopeless; despairing; desponding; rash; headlong;
precipitate; irretrievable; irrecoverable; forlorn; mad; furious;
frantic.</p>

<p><hw>Des"per*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One desperate or
hopeless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Des"per*ate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
desperate manner; without regard to danger or safety; recklessly;
extremely; as, the troops fought <i>desperately</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She fell <i>desperately</i> in love with
him.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"per*ate*ness</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Desperation;
virulence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des`per*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desperatio</i>: cf. OF. <i>desperation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of despairing or becoming desperate; a giving up of
hope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>desperation</i> of success chills all our
industry.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of despair, or utter hopeless;
abandonment of hope; extreme recklessness; reckless fury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>desperation</i> of the moment, the officers
even tried to cut their way through with their swords.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des`pi*ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Despicableness.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"pi*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>despicabilis</i>, fr. <i>despicari</i> to despise; akin to
<i>despicere</i>. See <u>Despise</u>.] <def>Fit or deserving to be
despised; contemptible; mean; vile; worthless; as, a
<i>despicable</i> man; <i>despicable</i> company; a <i>despicable</i>
gift.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contemptible; mean; vile; worthless; pitiful;
paltry; sordid; low; base. See <u>Contemptible</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Des"pi*ca*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being despicable; meanness; vileness; worthlessness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"pi*ca*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
despicable or mean manner; contemptibly; as, <i>despicably</i>
stingy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des*pi"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>despicientia</i>. See <u>Despise</u>.] <def>A looking down;
despection.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*spis"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>despisable</i>.] <def>Despicable; contemptible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*spis"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A despising;
contempt.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>despisal</i> of religion.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Despised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Despising</u>.] [OF. <i>despis-</i>, in some forms of
<i>despire</i> to despise, fr. L. <i>despicere</i>, <i>despectum</i>,
to look down upon, despise; <i>de-</i> + <i>spicere</i>,
<i>specere</i>, to look. See <u>Spy</u>, and cf. <u>Despicable</u>,
<u>Despite</u>.] <def>To look down upon with disfavor or contempt; to
contemn; to scorn; to disdain; to have a low opinion or contemptuous
dislike of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fools <i>despise</i> wisdom and
instruction.</blockquote> <i>Prov. i. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men naturally <i>despise</i> those who court them, but
respect those who do not give way to them.</blockquote> <i>Jowett
(Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To contemn; scorn; disdain; slight; undervalue. See
<u>Contemn</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*spis"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being despised.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*spise"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
despising.</def> [R.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spis"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
despises; a contemner; a scorner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*spis"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*spite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>despit</i>,
F. <i>d&eacute;pit</i>, fr. L. <i>despectus</i> contempt, fr.
<i>despicere</i>. See <u>Despise</u>, and cf. <u>Spite</u>,
<u>Despect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Malice; malignity; spite;
malicious anger; contemptuous hate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With all thy <i>despite</i> against the land of
Israel.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxv. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act of malice, hatred, or defiance;
contemptuous defiance; a deed of contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>despite</i> done against the Most
High.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In despite</b></col>, <cd>in defiance of another's power
or inclination.</cd> -- <col><b>In despite of</b></col>, <cd>in
defiance of; in spite of. See under <u>Spite</u>.</cd> "Seized my
hand <i>in despite of</i> my efforts to the contrary." <i>W.
Irving.</i> -- <col><b>In your despite</b></col>, <cd>in defiance or
contempt of you; in spite of you.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*spite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Despited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Despiting</u>.] [OF. <i>despitier</i>, fr. L. <i>despectare</i>,
intens. of <i>despicere</i>. See <u>Despite</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To vex; to annoy; to offend
contemptuously.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spite"</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>In spite of;
against, or in defiance of; notwithstanding; as, <i>despite</i> his
prejudices.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Notwithstanding</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*spite"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Despite</u>, and cf. <u>Spiteful</u>.] <def>Full of despite;
expressing malice or contemptuous hate; malicious.</def> --
<wf>De*spite"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*spite"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Haters of God, <i>despiteful</i>, proud,
boasters.</blockquote> <i>Rom. i. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pray for them which <i>despitefully</i> use
you.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 44.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us examine him with <i>despitefulness</i> and
fortune.</blockquote> <i>Book of Wisdom ii. 19.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des*pit"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>despitous</i>, OF. <i>despiteus</i>, fr. <i>despit</i>; affected
in form by E. <i>piteous</i>. See <u>Despite</u>.] <def>Feeling or
showing despite; malicious; angry to excess; cruel;
contemptuous.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Despiteous</i> reproaches."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des*pit"e*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Despitefully.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*spit"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Despiteous;
very angry; cruel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was to sinful man not
<i>despitous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>- <wf>De*spit"ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*spoil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Despoiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Despoiling</u>.] [OF. <i>despoiller</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;pouiller</i>, L. <i>despoliare</i>, <i>despoliatum</i>;
<i>de-</i> + <i>spoliare</i> to strip, rob, <i>spolium</i> spoil,
booty.  Cf. <u>Spoil</u>, <u>Despoliation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To strip, as of clothing; to divest or unclothe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive for spoil; to plunder; to rob;
to pillage; to strip; to divest; -- usually followed by
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The clothed earth is then bare,<BR>
<i>Despoiled</i> is the summer fair.</blockquote> <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A law which restored to them an immense domain of
which they had been <i>despoiled</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Despoiled</i> of innocence, of faith, of
bliss.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To strip; deprive; rob; bereave; rifle.</p>

<p><hw>De*spoil"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Spoil.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wolsey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spoil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
despoils.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*spoil"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Despoliation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*spo`li*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>despoliatio</i>. See <u>Despoil</u>.] <def>A stripping or
plundering; spoliation.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spond"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Desponded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Desponding</u>.] [L. <i>despond&emacr;re</i>, <i>desponsum</i>, to
promise away, promise in marriage, give up, to lose (courage); <i>de-
</i> + <i>spond&emacr;re</i> to promise solemnly. See
<u>Sponsor</u>.] <def>To give up the will, courage, or spirit; to be
thoroughly disheartened; to lose all courage; to become dispirited or
depressed; to take an unhopeful view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I should despair, or at least
<i>despond</i>.</blockquote> <i>Scott's Letters.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Others depress their own minds, [and] <i>despond</i>
at the first difficulty.</blockquote>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We wish that . . . <i>desponding</i> patriotism may
turn its eyes hitherward, and be assured that the foundations of our
national power still stand strong.</blockquote> <i>D.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Despond</u>, <u>Dispair</u>.  <i>Despair</i>
implies a total loss of hope, which <i>despond</i> does not, at least
in every case; yet <i>despondency</i> is often more lasting than
<i>despair</i>, or than <i>desperation</i>, which impels to violent
action.</p>

<p><hw>De*spond"</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Despondency.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The slough of <i>despond</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spond"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Despondency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people, when once infected, lose their relish for
happiness [and] saunter about with looks of
<i>despondence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spond"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of desponding; loss of hope and cessation of effort; discouragement;
depression or dejection of the mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unhappy prince seemed, during some days, to be
sunk in <i>despondency</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spond"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>despondens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>despond&?;re</i>.]
<def>Marked by despondence; given to despondence; low-spirited; as, a
<i>despondent</i> manner; a <i>despondent</i> prisoner.</def> --
<wf>De*spond"ent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*spond"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
desponds.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*spond"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
desponding manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*spon"sage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>desponsus</i>, p. p. See <u>Despond</u>.] <def>Betrothal.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ethelbert . . . went peaceably to King Offa for
<i>desponsage</i> of Athilrid, his daughter.</blockquote>
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spon"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desponsatus</i>, p. p. of <i>desponsare</i>, intens. of
<i>despondere</i> to betroth. See <u>Despond</u>.] <def>To
betroth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des`pon*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desponsatio</i>: cf. OF. <i>desponsation</i>.] <def>A betrothing;
betrothal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For all this <i>desponsation</i> of her . . . she had
not set one step toward the consummation of her
marriage.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*spon"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Desponsories</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A written pledge of
marriage.</def>  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sport"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Disport</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"pot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>despote</i>, LL.
<i>despotus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>despo`ths</grk> master, lord, the
second part of which is akin to <grk>po`sis</grk> husband, and L.
<i>potens</i>. See <u>Potent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A master;
a lord; especially, an absolute or irresponsible ruler or
sovereign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Irresponsible power in human hands so naturally leads
to it, that cruelty has become associated with <i>despot</i> and
tyrant.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who rules regardless of a constitution
or laws; a tyrant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"po*tat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>despotat</i>.] <def>The station or government of a despot; also,
the domain of a despot.</def>  <i>Freeman.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Des*pot"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Des*pot"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>despotique</i>.] <def>Having
the character of, or pertaining to, a despot; absolute in power;
possessing and abusing unlimited power; evincing despotism;
tyrannical; arbitrary.</def> -- <wf>Des*pot"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Des*pot"ic*al*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Des"po*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>despotisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The power, spirit, or
principles of a despot; absolute control over others; tyrannical
sway; tyranny.</def> "The <i>despotism</i> of vice."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A government which is directed by a
despot; a despotic monarchy; absolutism; autocracy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Despotism</i> . . . is the only form of government
which may with safety to itself neglect the education of its infant
poor.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"po*tist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A supporter of
despotism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Des"po*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act the
despot.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*spread"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dispread</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"pu*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Despumated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Despumating</u> (?).] [L. <i>despumatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>despumare</i> to despume; <i>de-</i> + <i>spumare</i> to
foam, froth, <i>spuma</i> froth, scum.] <def>To throw off impurities
in spume; to work off in foam or scum; to foam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des`pu*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>despumatio</i>: cf. F. <i>despumation</i>.] <def>The act of
throwing up froth or scum; separation of the scum or impurities from
liquids; scumming; clarification.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*spume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>despumer</i>. See <u>Despumate</u>.] <def>To free from spume or
scum.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If honey be <i>despumed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"qua*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desquamatus</i>, p. p. of <i>desquamare</i> to scale off; <i>de-
</i> + <i>squama</i> scale.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To peel off in the
form of scales; to scale off, as the skin in certain
diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des`qua*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>desquamation</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The separation or shedding
of the cuticle or epidermis in the form of flakes or scales;
exfoliation, as of bones.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*squam"a*tive</hw> (?), <hw>De*squam"a*to*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or attended with,
desquamation.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*squam"a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>An instrument formerly used in removing the lamin&aelig; of
exfoliated bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dais.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Des*sert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>desservir</i> to remove from table, to clear the table; pref.
<i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>servir</i> to serve, to serve at
table. See <u>Serve</u>.] <def>A service of pastry, fruits, or
sweetmeats, at the close of a feast or entertainment; pastry, fruits,
etc., forming the last course at dinner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"An 't please your honor," quoth the peasant,<BR>
"This same <i>dessert</i> is not so pleasant."</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dessert spoon</b></col>, <cd>a spoon used in eating
dessert; a spoon intermediate in size between a teaspoon and a
tablespoon.</cd> -- <col><b>Dessert-spoonful</b></col>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <pos><i>pl.</i></pos> <col><b>Dessert-
spoonfuls</b></col>, <cd>as much as a dessert spoon will hold,
usually reckoned at about two and a half fluid drams.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Des*tem"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;trempe</i>, fr. <i>d&eacute;tremper</i>.] <def>A kind of
painting. See <u>Distemper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>destin</i>.]
<def>Destiny.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ti*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>destinable</i>.] <def>Determined by destiny; fated.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ti*na*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
destinable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"ti*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Determined by
destiny; fated.</def> [Obs.] "The order <i>destinal</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ti*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>destinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>destinare</i>. See <u>Destine</u>.]
<def>Destined.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Destinate</i> to hell."
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ti*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To destine,
design, or choose.</def> [Obs.] "That name that God . . . did
<i>destinate</i>."  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des`ti*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>destinatio</i> determination: cf. F. <i>destination</i>
destination.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of destining or
appointing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Purpose for which anything is destined;
predetermined end, object, or use; ultimate design.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The place set for the end of a journey, or
to which something is sent; place or point aimed at.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Appointment; design; purpose; intention; destiny;
lot; fate; end.</p>

<p><hw>Des"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Destined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Destining</u>.] [F. <i>destiner</i>, L. <i>destinare</i>;
<i>de</i> + the root of <i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Stand</u>, and
cf. <u>Obstinate</u>.] <def>To determine the future condition or
application of; to set apart by design for a future use or purpose;
to fix, as by destiny or by an authoritative decree; to doom; to
ordain or preordain; to appoint; -- often with the remoter object
preceded by <i>to</i> or <i>for</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are decreed,<BR>
Reserved, and <i>destined</i> to eternal woe.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Till the loathsome opposite<BR>
Of all my heart had <i>destined</i>, did obtain.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not enjoyment and not sorrow<BR>
Is our <i>destined</i> end or way.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To design; mark out; determine; allot; choose;
intend; devote; consecrate; doom.</p>

<p><hw>Des"ti*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in
destiny; a fatalist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Des"ti*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Destinies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>destinee</i>,
<i>destene</i>, F. <i>destin&eacute;e</i>, from <i>destiner</i>. See
<u>Destine</u>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That to which any person or
thing is destined; predetermined state; condition foreordained by the
Divine or by human will; fate; lot; doom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thither he<BR>
Will come to know his <i>destiny</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No man of woman born,<BR>
Coward or brave, can shun his <i>destiny</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fixed order of things; invincible
necessity; fate; a resistless power or agency conceived of as
determining the future, whether in general or of an
individual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But who can turn the stream of
<i>destiny</i>?</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fame comes only when deserved, and then is as
inevitable as <i>destiny</i>, for it is <i>destiny</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The Destinies</b></col> <i>(Anc. Myth.)</i>, <cd>the three
Parc&aelig;, or Fates; the supposed powers which preside over human
life, and determine its circumstances and duration.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Marked by <i>the Destinies</i> to be
avoided.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 400 !></p>

<p><hw>De*stit"u*ent</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>destituens</i>, p. pr. of <i>destituere</i>.] <def>Deficient;
wanting; as, a <i>destituent</i> condition.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ti*tute</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>destitutus</i>, p. p. of <i>destituere</i> to set away, leave
alone, forsake; <i>de</i> + <i>statuere</i> to set. See
<u>Statute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Forsaken; not having in
possession (something necessary, or desirable); deficient; lacking;
devoid; -- often followed by <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In thee is my trust; leave not my soul
<i>destitute</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxli. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Totally <i>destitute</i> of all shadow of
influence.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not possessing the necessaries of life; in
a condition of want; needy; without possessions or resources; very
poor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins; being
<i>destitute</i>, afflicted, tormented.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xi.
37.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ti*tute</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To leave destitute; to forsake; to abandon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To forsake or <i>destitute</i> a
plantation.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make destitute; to cause to be in want;
to deprive; -- followed by <i>of</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Destituted</i> of all honor and
livings.</blockquote> <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To disappoint.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When his expectation is
<i>destituted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des"ti*tute*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
destitution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"ti*tute*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Destitution.</def> [R.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des`ti*tu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>destitutio</i> a forsaking.] <def>The state of being deprived of
anything; the state or condition of being destitute, needy, or
without resources; deficiency; lack; extreme poverty; utter want; as,
the inundation caused general <i>destitution</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Des*trer"</hw> (?), <hw>Dex"trer</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>destrier</i>, fr. L. <i>dextra</i> on
the right side. The squire led his master's horse beside him, on his
right hand. <i>Skeat</i>.] <def>A war horse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*strie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
destroy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*stroy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Destroyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Destroying</u>.] [OE. <i>destroien</i>, <i>destruien</i>,
<i>destrien</i>, OF. <i>destruire</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;truire</i>, fr.
L. <i>destruere</i>, <i>destructum</i>; <i>de</i> + <i>struere</i> to
pile up, build. See <u>Structure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
unbuild; to pull or tear down; to separate virulently into its
constituent parts; to break up the structure and organic existence
of; to demolish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But ye shall <i>destroy</i> their altars, break their
images, and cut down their groves.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxiv.
13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ruin; to bring to naught; to put an end
to; to annihilate; to consume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will utterly pluck up and <i>destroy</i> that
nation.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xii. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put an end to the existence,
prosperity, or beauty of; to kill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If him by force he can <i>destroy</i>, or, worse,<BR>
By some false guile pervert.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To demolish; lay waste; consume; raze; dismantle;
ruin; throw down; overthrow; subvert; desolate; devastate; deface;
extirpate; extinguish; kill; slay. See <u>Demolish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*stroy"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Destructible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Plants . . . scarcely <i>destroyable</i> by the
weather.</blockquote> <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*stroy"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>destruior</i>.] <def>One who destroys, ruins, kills, or
desolates.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*struct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>destructus</i>, p. p. of <i>destruere</i>. See <u>Destroy</u>.]
<def>To destroy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*struc`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>destructibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being capable of
destruction; destructibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*struc"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>destructibilis</i>.] <def>Liable to destruction; capable of being
destroyed.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*struc"ti*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being destructible.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*struc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>destructio</i>: cf. F. <i>destruction</i>. See <u>Destroy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of destroying; a tearing down; a
bringing to naught; subversion; demolition; ruin; slaying;
devastation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Jews smote all their enemies with the stroke of
the sword, and slaughter, and <i>destruction</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Esth. ix. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis safer to be that which we destroy<BR>
Than by <i>destruction</i> dwell in doubtful joy.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Destruction</i> of venerable
establishment.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being destroyed, demolished,
ruined, slain, or devastated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This town came to <i>destruction</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou castedst them down into
<i>destruction</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxiii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A destroying agency; a cause of ruin or of
devastation; a destroyer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>destruction</i> that wasteth at
noonday.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xci. 6.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Demolition; subversion; overthrow; desolation;
extirpation; extinction; devastation; downfall; extermination; havoc;
ruin.</p>

<p><hw>De*struc"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who delights in destroying that which is
valuable; one whose principles and influence tend to destroy existing
institutions; a destructive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One who believes in the
final destruction or complete annihilation of the wicked; -- called
also <i>annihilationist</i>.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*struc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>destructivus</i>: cf. F. <i>destructif</i>.] <def>Causing
destruction; tending to bring about ruin, death, or devastation;
ruinous; fatal; productive of serious evil; mischievous; pernicious;
-- often with <i>of</i> or <i>to</i>; as, intemperance is
<i>destructive</i> of health; evil examples are <i>destructive</i> to
the morals of youth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time's <i>destructive</i> power.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Destructive distillation</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Distillation</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Destructive sorties</b></col>
(&?;) <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>a process of reasoning which involves the
denial of the first of a series of dependent propositions as a
consequence of the denial of the last; a species of <i>reductio ad
absurdum</i>.</cd>  <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mortal; deadly; poisonous; fatal; ruinous;
malignant; baleful; pernicious; mischievous.</p>

<p><hw>De*struc"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
destroys; a radical reformer; a destructionist.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*struc"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
destructive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*struc"tive*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of destroying or ruining.</def>
<i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>The faculty supposed to
impel to the commission of acts of destruction; propensity to
destroy.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*struc"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>destruere</i>. See <u>Destroy</u>, and cf. <u>Destroyer</u>.]
<def>A destroyer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fire, the <i>destructor</i> and the artificial death
of things.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*struie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
destroy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des`u*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desudatio</i>, fr. <i>desudare</i> to sweat greatly; <i>de</i> +
<i>sudare</i> to sweat.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sweating; a profuse or
morbid sweating, often succeeded by an eruption of small
pimples.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*suete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>desuetus</i>,
p. p. of <i>desuescere</i> to disuse.] <def>Disused; out of
use.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Des"ue*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desuetudo</i>, from <i>desuescere</i>, to grow out of use, disuse;
<i>de</i> + <i>suescere</i> to become used or accustomed: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;su&eacute;tude</i>. See <u>Custom</u>.] <def>The
cessation of use; disuse; discontinuance of practice, custom, or
fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>desuetude</i> abrogated the law, which, before,
custom had established.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*sul"phu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Desulphurated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Desulphurating</u>.] <def>To deprive of
sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sul`phu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sulfuration</i>.] <def>The act or process of depriving of
sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*sul"phur*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
desulphurate; to deprive of sulphur.</def> --
<wf>De*sul`phur*i*za"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Des"ul*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
desultory manner; without method; loosely; immethodically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"ul*to*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being desultory or without order or method;
unconnectedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The seeming <i>desultoriness</i> of my
method.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Des`ul*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Desultory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Des"ul*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desultorius</i>, fr. <i>desultor</i> a leaper, fr.
<i>desilire</i>, <i>desultum</i>, to leap down; <i>de</i> +
<i>salire</i> to leap. See <u>Saltation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Leaping or skipping about.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I shot at it [a bird], but it was so <i>desultory</i>
that I missed my aim.</blockquote> <i>Gilbert White.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Jumping, or passing, from one thing or
subject to another, without order or rational connection; without
logical sequence; disconnected; immethodical; aimless; as,
<i>desultory</i> minds.</def>  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Goldsmith] knew nothing accurately; his reading
had been <i>desultory</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Out of course; by the way; as a
digression; not connected with the subject; as, a <i>desultory</i>
remark.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rambling; roving; immethodical; discursive;
inconstant; unsettled; cursory; slight; hasty; loose.</p>

<p><hw>De*sume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>desumere</i>; <i>de</i> + <i>sumere</i> to take.] <def>To select;
to borrow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir. M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`syn*on`y*mi*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of desynonymizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`syn*on"y*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of synonymous character; to discriminate in use; -- applied
to words which have been employed as synonyms.</def>  <i>Coleridge.
Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Detached</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Detaching</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;tacher</i> (cf. It.
<i>distaccare</i>, <i>staccare</i>); pref. <i>d&eacute;</i> (L.
<i>dis</i>) + the root found also in E. <i>attach</i>. See
<u>Attach</u>, and cf. <u>Staccato</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
part; to separate or disunite; to disengage; -- the opposite of
<i>attach</i>; as, to <i>detach</i> the coats of a bulbous root from
each other; to <i>detach</i> a man from a leader or from a
party.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate for a special object or use; -
- used especially in military language; as, to <i>detach</i> a ship
from a fleet, or a company from a regiment.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To separate; disunite; disengage; sever; disjoin;
withdraw; draw off. See <u>Detail</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*tach"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To push asunder;
to come off or separate from anything; to disengage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[A vapor] <i>detaching</i>, fold by fold,<BR>
From those still heights.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tach"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That can be
detached.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tached"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Separate;
unconnected, or imperfectly connected; as, <i>detached</i>
parcels.</def> "Extensive and <i>detached</i> empire."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Detached escapement</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Escapement</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*tach"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;tachement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
detaching or separating, or the state of being detached.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is detached; especially, a body
of troops or part of a fleet sent from the main body on special
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Troops . . . widely scattered in little
<i>detachments</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Abstraction from worldly objects;
renunciation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A trial which would have demanded of him a most heroic
faith and the <i>detachment</i> of a saint.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>De"tail</hw> (d&emacr;"t&amacr;l <i>or</i> d&esl;*t&amacr;l";
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&eacute;tail</i>, fr.
<i>d&eacute;tailler</i> to cut in pieces, tell in detail; pref.
<i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>de</i> or <i>dis-</i>) + <i>tailler</i> to
cut. See <u>Tailor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A minute portion;
one of the small parts; a particular; an item; -- used chiefly in the
plural; as, the <i>details</i> of a scheme or transaction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>details</i> of the campaign in
Italy.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrative which relates minute points;
an account which dwells on particulars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The selection for a
particular service of a person or a body of men; hence, the person or
the body of men so selected.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Detail drawing</b></col>, <cd>a drawing of the full size,
or on a large scale, of some part of a building, machine, etc.</cd> -
- <col><b>In detail</b></col>, <cd>in subdivisions; part by part;
item; circumstantially; with particularity.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Account; relation; narrative; recital; explanation;
narration.</p>

<p><hw>De"tail</hw> (d&esl;*t&amacr;l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Detailed</u> (-t&amacr;ld");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Detailing</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;tailler</i> to cut up in pieces, tell in detail. See
<u>Detail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
relate in particulars; to particularize; to report minutely and
distinctly; to enumerate; to specify; as, he <i>detailed</i> all the
facts in due order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To tell off or appoint for a
particular service, as an officer, a troop, or a squadron.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Detail</u>, <u>Detach</u>.  <i>Detail</i>
respect the act of individualizing the person or body that is
separated; <i>detach</i>, the removing for the given end or
object.</p>

<p><hw>De*tail"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
details.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tain"</hw> (d&esl;*t&amacr;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Detained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Detaining</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;tenir</i>, L.
<i>detinere</i>, <i>detentum</i>; <i>de</i> + <i>tenere</i> to hold.
See <u>Tenable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep back or from; to
withhold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Detain</i> not the wages of the
hireling.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To restrain from proceeding; to stay or
stop; to delay; as, we were <i>detained</i> by an accident.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us <i>detain</i> thee, until we shall have made
ready a kid for thee.</blockquote> <i>Judges xiii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hold or keep in custody.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To withhold; retain; stop; stay; arrest; check;
retard; delay; hinder.</p>

<p><hw>De*tain"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Detention.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tain"der</hw> (-d&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ. See <u>Detinue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tain"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who detains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
keeping possession of what belongs to another; detention of what is
another's, even though the original taking may have been lawful.
Forcible detainer is indictable at common law.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A writ authorizing the keeper of a prison to
continue to keep a person in custody.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tain"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>detenement</i>.] <def>Detention.</def> [R.]
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tect"</hw> (d&esl;*t&ebreve;kt"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>detectus</i>, p. p. of <i>detegere</i> to uncover, detect;
<i>de</i> + <i>tegere</i> to cover. See <u>Tegument</u>.]
<def>Detected.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tect"</hw> (d&esl;*t&ebreve;kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Detected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Detecting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To uncover;
to discover; to find out; to bring to light; as, to <i>detect</i> a
crime or a criminal; to <i>detect</i> a mistake in an
account.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plain good intention . . . is as easily discovered at
the first view, as fraud is surely <i>detected</i> at
last.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like following life through creatures you dissect,<BR>
You lose it in the moment you <i>detect</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inform against; to accuse.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was untruly judged to have preached such articles
as he was <i>detected</i> of.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To discover; find out; lay bare; expose.</p>

<p>{ <hw>De*tect"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <hw>De*tect"i*ble</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being detected or found
out; as, parties not <i>detectable</i>.</def> "Errors
<i>detectible</i> at a glance."  <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tect"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, detects or brings to light; one who finds out what
another attempts to conceal; a detector.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>detectio</i>
an uncovering, revealing.] <def>The act of detecting; the laying open
what was concealed or hidden; discovery; as, the <i>detection</i> of
a thief; the <i>detection</i> of fraud, forgery, or a plot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such secrets of guilt are never from
<i>detection</i>.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fitted for, or
skilled in, detecting; employed in detecting crime or criminals; as,
a <i>detective</i> officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tect"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who business
it is so detect criminals or discover matters of secrecy.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a revealer.]
<def>One who, or that which, detects; a detecter.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A deathbed's <i>detector</i> of the
heart.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bank-note detector</b></col>, <cd>a publication containing
a description of genuine and counterfeit bank notes, designed to
enable persons to discriminate between them.</cd> -- <col><b>Detector
lock</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Lock</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*ten"e*brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>de</i>
+ <i>tenebrare</i> to make dark, fr. <i>tenebrae</i> darkness.]
<def>To remove darkness from.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;tente</i>, fr. <i>d&eacute;tendre</i> to unbend, relax;
pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i> or <i>de</i>) + <i>tendre</i>
to stretch. See <u>Distend</u>.] <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>That which locks
or unlocks a movement; a catch, pawl, or dog; especially, in
clockwork, the catch which locks and unlocks the wheelwork in
striking.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ten"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>detentio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;tention</i>. See <u>Detain</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of detaining or keeping back; a
withholding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being detained (stopped or
hindered); delay from necessity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Confinement; restraint; custody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The archduke Philip . . . found himself in a sort of
honorable <i>detention</i> at Henry's court.</blockquote>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deterred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deterring</u>.] [L. <i>deterrere</i>; <i>de</i> + <i>terrere</i>
to frighten, terrify. See <u>Terror</u>.] <def>To prevent by fear;
hence, to hinder or prevent from action by fear of consequences, or
difficulty, risk, etc.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Potent enemies tempt and <i>deter</i> us from our
duty.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My own face <i>deters</i> me from my
glass.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*terge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deterged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deterging</u>.] [L. <i>detergere</i>, <i>detersum</i>; <i>de</i> +
<i>tergere</i> to rub or wipe off: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;terger</i>.]
<def>To cleanse; to purge away, as foul or offending matter from the
body, or from an ulcer.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cleansing
quality or power.</def>  <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>detergens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>detergere</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;tergent</i>.] <def>Cleansing; purging.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A substance which cleanses the skin, as
water or soap; a medicine to cleanse wounds, ulcers, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*te"ri*o*rate</hw>
(d&esl;*t&emacr;"r&ibreve;*&osl;*r&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Deteriorated</u> (-
r&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deteriorating</u> (-r&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng).] [L.
<i>deterioratus</i>, p. p. of <i>deteriorare</i> to deteriorate, fr.
<i>deterior</i> worse, prob. a comparative fr. <i>de</i> down, away.]
<def>To make worse; to make inferior in quality or value; to impair;
as, to <i>deteriorate</i> the mind.</def>  <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The art of war . . . was greatly
<i>deteriorated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><! p. 401  !></p>

<p><hw>De*te"ri*o*rate</hw>
(d&esl;*t&emacr;"r&ibreve;*&osl;*r&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To grow worse; to be impaired in quality; to
degenerate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under such conditions, the mind rapidly
<i>deteriorates</i>.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*te`ri*o*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>deterioratio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;t&eacute;rioration</i>.]
<def>The process of growing worse, or the state of having grown
worse.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*te`ri*or"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deterior</i> worse. See <u>Deteriorate</u>.] <def>Worse state or
quality; inferiority.</def> "The <i>deteriority</i> of the diet."
[R.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Deter</u>.] <def>The act of deterring; also, that which
deters.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter`mi*na*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being determinable; determinableness.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mi*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>determinabilis</i> finite. See <u>Determine</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Capable of being determined, definitely
ascertained, decided upon, or brought to a conclusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not wholly <i>determinable</i> from the grammatical
use of the words.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mi*na*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being determined; determinability.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mi*na*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Determinateness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mi*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>determinans</i>, p. pr. of <i>determinare</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;terminant</i>.] <def>Serving to determine or limit;
determinative.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mi*nant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which serves to determine; that which causes
determination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The sum of a series of
products of several numbers, these products being formed according to
certain specified laws</def>; thus, the <i>determinant</i> of the
nine numbers<BR>
<matrix><row>a, b, c,</row><row>a&prime;, b&prime;,
c&prime;,</row><row>a&prime;&prime;, b&prime;&prime;,
c&prime;&prime;,</row></matrix><BR>
is <i>a b&prime; c&prime;&prime; - a b&prime;&prime; c&prime; +
a&prime; b&prime;&prime; c] - a&prime; b c&prime;&prime; +
a&prime;&prime; b&prime; c</i>. The determinant is written by placing
the numbers from which it is formed in a square between two vertical
lines. The theory of <i>determinants</i> forms a very important
branch of modern mathematics.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A mark or attribute,
attached to the subject or predicate, narrowing the extent of both,
but rendering them more definite and precise.</def>  <i>Abp.
Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>determinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>determinare</i>. See
<u>Determine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having defined limits; not
uncertain or arbitrary; fixed; established; definite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quantity of words and a <i>determinate</i> number of
feet.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conclusive; decisive; positive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>determinate</i> counsel and foreknowledge of
God.</blockquote> <i>Acts ii. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Determined or resolved upon.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>determinate</i> voyage.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of determined purpose; resolute.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>More <i>determinate</i> to do than skillful how to
do.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Determinate inflorescence</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>that in which the flowering commences with the terminal bud of a
stem, which puts a limit to its growth; -- also called <i>centrifugal
inflorescence</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Determinate problem</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a problem which admits of a limited number of
solutions.</cd> -- <col><b>Determinate quantities</b></col>,
<col><b>Determinate equations</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>those
that are finite in the number of values or solutions, that is, in
which the conditions of the problem or equation determine the
number.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bring
to an end; to determine. See <u>Determine</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sly, slow hours shall not <i>determinate</i><BR>
The dateless limit of thy dear exile.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mi*nate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a determinate manner; definitely;
ascertainably.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The principles of religion are already either
<i>determinately</i> true or false, before you think of
them.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resolutely; unchangeably.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being <i>determinately</i> . . . bent to
marry.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mi*nate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being determinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ter`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>determinatio</i> boundary, end: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;termination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
determining, or the state of being determined.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bringing to an end; termination;
limit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A speedy <i>determination</i> of that
war.</blockquote> <i>Ludlow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Direction or tendency to a certain end;
impulsion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Remissness can by no means consist with a constant
<i>determination</i> of the will . . . to the greatest apparent
good.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The quality of mind which reaches definite
conclusions; decision of character; resoluteness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He only is a well-made man who has a good
<i>determination</i>.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The state of decision; a judicial
decision, or ending of controversy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which is determined upon; result of
deliberation; purpose; conclusion formed; fixed resolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So bloodthirsty a <i>determination</i> to obtain
convictions.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A flow, rush, or tendency to
a particular part; as, a <i>determination</i> of blood to the
head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Physical Sciences)</i> <def>The act,
process, or result of any accurate measurement, as of length, volume,
weight, intensity, etc.; as, the <i>determination</i> of the ohm or
of the wave length of light; the <i>determination</i> of the salt in
sea water, or the oxygen in the air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act
of defining a concept or notion by giving its essential
constituents.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The addition of a
differentia to a concept or notion, thus limiting its extent; -- the
opposite of <i>generalization</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>The act of
determining the relations of an object, as regards genus and species;
the referring of minerals, plants, or animals, to the species to
which they belong; classification; as, I am indebted to a friend for
the <i>determination</i> of most of these shells.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Decision; conclusion; judgment; purpose;
resolution; resolve; firmness. See <u>Decision</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mi*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;terminatif</i>.] <def>Having power to determine;
limiting; shaping; directing; conclusive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Incidents . . . <i>determinative</i> of their
course.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Determinative tables</b></col> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>,
<cd>tables presenting the specific character of minerals, plants,
etc., to assist in determining the species to which a specimen
belongs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mi*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which serves to determine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Explanatory <i>determinatives</i> . . . were placed
after words phonetically expressed, in order to serve as an aid to
the reader in determining the meaning.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor (The
Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mi*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who determines.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Determined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Determining</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;terminer</i>, L.
<i>determinare</i>, <i>determinatum</i>; <i>de</i> + <i>terminare</i>
limit, <i>terminus</i> limit. See <u>Term</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To fix the boundaries of; to mark off and separate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[God] hath <i>determined</i> the times before
appointed.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set bounds to; to fix the determination
of; to limit; to bound; to bring to an end; to finish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The knowledge of men hitherto hath been
<i>determined</i> by the view or sight.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, where is he that will not stay so long<BR>
Till his friend sickness hath <i>determined</i> me?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fix the form or character of; to shape;
to prescribe imperatively; to regulate; to settle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The character of the soul is <i>determined</i> by the
character of its God.</blockquote> <i>J. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Something divinely beautiful . . . that at some time
or other might influence or even <i>determine</i> her course of
life.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fix the course of; to impel and direct;
-- with a remoter object preceded by <i>to</i>; as, another's will
<i>determined</i> me to this course.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To ascertain definitely; to find out the
specific character or name of; to assign to its true place in a
system; as, to <i>determine</i> an unknown or a newly discovered
plant or its name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To bring to a conclusion, as a question or
controversy; to settle authoritative or judicial sentence; to decide;
as, the court has <i>determined</i> the cause.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To resolve on; to have a fixed intention
of; also, to cause to come to a conclusion or decision; to lead; as,
this <i>determined</i> him to go immediately.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>To define or limit by
adding a differentia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Physical Sciences)</i> <def>To ascertain
the presence, quantity, or amount of; as, to <i>determine</i> the
parallax; to <i>determine</i> the salt in sea water.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mine</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To come to an end; to end; to terminate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He who has vented a pernicious doctrine or published
an ill book must know that his life <i>determine</i> not
together.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Estates may <i>determine</i> on future
contingencies.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come to a decision; to decide; to
resolve; -- often with <i>on</i>.</def> "<i>Determine</i> on some
course."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall pay as the judges
<i>determine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxi. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"mined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Decided;
resolute.</def> "A<i>determined</i> foe."  <i>Sparks.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"min*ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
determined manner; with determination.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"min*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, determines or decides.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"min*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metaph.)</i>
<def>The doctrine that the will is not free, but is inevitably and
invincibly determined by motives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Its superior suitability to produce courage, as
contrasted with scientific physical <i>determinism</i>, is
obvious.</blockquote> <i>F. P. Cobbe.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"min*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metaph.)</i>
<def>One who believes in determinism. Also <i>adj</i>.; as,
<i>determinist</i> theories.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`ter*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>de</i> +
<i>terra</i> earth: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;terrer</i> to unearth.]
<def>The uncovering of anything buried or covered with earth; a
taking out of the earth or ground.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"rence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
deters; a deterrent; a hindrance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*ter"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deterrens</i>, p. pr. of <i>deterrere</i>. See <u>Deter</u>.]
<def>Serving to deter.</def> "The <i>deterrent</i> principle."  <i>E.
Davis.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"rent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which deters
or prevents.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;tersion</i>. See <u>Deterge</u>.] <def>The act of
deterging or cleansing, as a sore.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<i>d&eacute;tersif</i>.] <def>Cleansing; detergent.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cleansing agent; a detergent.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a way to
cleanse.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ter"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of cleansing.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*test"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Detested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Detesting</u>.] [L. <i>detestare</i>, <i>detestatum</i>, and
<i>detestari</i>, to curse while calling a deity to witness, to
execrate, detest; <i>de</i> + <i>testari</i> to be a witness,
testify, <i>testis</i> a witness: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;tester</i>. See
<u>Testify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To witness against; to
denounce; to condemn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The heresy of Nestorius . . . was <i>detested</i> in
the Eastern churches.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God hath <i>detested</i> them with his own
mouth.</blockquote> <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hate intensely; to abhor; to abominate;
to loathe; as, we <i>detest</i> what is contemptible or
evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who dares think one thing, and another tell,<BR>
My heart <i>detests</i> him as the gates of hell.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abhor; abominate; execrate. See <u>Hate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*test`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capacity of being odious.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*test"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>detestabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;testable</i>.] <def>Worthy of
being detested; abominable; extremely hateful; very odious; deserving
abhorrence; as, <i>detestable</i> vices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast defiled my sanctuary will all thy
<i>detestable</i> things, and with all thine
abominations.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. v. 11.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abominable; odious; execrable; abhorred.</p>

<p><hw>De*test"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being detestable.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*test"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
detestable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tes"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
detest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Det`es*ta"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>detestatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;testation</i>.] <def>The act of
detesting; extreme hatred or dislike; abhorrence; loathing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are heartily agreed in our <i>detestation</i> of
civil war.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*test"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
detests.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*throne"</hw> (d&esl;*thr&omacr;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dethroned</u> (-thr&omacr;nd");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dethroning</u>.] [Pref. <i>de-
</i> + <i>throne</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;tr&ocirc;ner</i>; pref.
<i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>tr&ocirc;ne</i> throne. See
<u>Throne</u>.] <def>To remove or drive from a throne; to depose; to
divest of supreme authority and dignity.</def> "The Protector was
<i>dethroned</i>."  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*throne"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;tr&ocirc;nement</i>.] <def>Deposal from a throne;
deposition from regal power.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*thron"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dethrones.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*thron`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Dethronement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*thron"ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>dethronizare</i>.] <def>To dethrone or unthrone.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Det"i*nue</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>detinu</i>, <i>detenu</i>, p. p. of <i>detenir</i> to detain. See
<u>Detain</u>.] <def>A person or thing detained</def>; <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A form of action for the recovery of a personal chattel
wrongfully detained.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Writ of detinue</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one that lies
against him who wrongfully <i>detains</i> goods or chattels delivered
to him, or in possession, to recover the thing itself, or its value
and damages, from the detainer. It is now in a great measure
superseded by other remedies.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Det"o*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Detonated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Detonating</u> (?).] [L. <i>detonare</i>, v. i., to
thunder down; <i>de</i> + <i>tonare</i> to thunder; akin to E.
<i>thunder</i>. See <u>Thunder</u>, and cf. <u>Detonize</u>.] <def>To
explode with a sudden report; as, niter <i>detonates</i> with
sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Det"o*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
explode; to cause to burn or inflame with a sudden report.</def></p>

<p><hw>Det"o*na`ting</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>from
<u>Detonate</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Detonating gas</b></col>, <cd>a mixture of two volumes of
hydrogen with one volume of oxygen, which explodes with a loud report
upon ignition.</cd> -- <col><b>Detonating powder</b></col>, <cd>any
powder or solid substance, as fulminate of mercury, which when
struck, explodes with violence and a loud report.</cd> --
<col><b>Detonating primer</b></col>, <cd>a primer exploded by a fuse;
-- used to explode gun cotton in blasting operations.</cd> --
<col><b>Detonating tube</b></col>, <cd>a strong tube of glass,
usually graduated, closed at one end, and furnished with two wires
passing through its sides at opposite points, and nearly meeting, for
the purpose of exploding gaseous mixtures by an electric spark, as in
gas analysis, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Det`o*na"tion</hw> (-n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>d&eacute;tonation</i>.] <def>An
explosion or sudden report made by the instantaneous decomposition or
combustion of unstable substances; as, the <i>detonation</i> of gun
cotton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Det"o*na`tor</hw> (d&ebreve;t"&osl;*n&amacr;`t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
detonates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Det`o*ni*za"tion</hw>
(d&ebreve;t`&osl;*n&ibreve;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of detonizing;
detonation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Det"o*nize</hw> (d&ebreve;t"&osl;*n&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> [See <u>Detonate</u>.] [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos><u>Detonized</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Detonizing</u>.] <def>To explode, or cause to explode; to burn
with an explosion; to detonate.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tor"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Detortion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tort"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Detorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Detorting</u>.] [L. <i>detortus</i>, p. p. of <i>detorquere</i> to
turn away; <i>de</i> + <i>torquere</i> to turn about, twist: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;torquer</i>, <i>d&eacute;tordre</i>.] <def>To turn form
the original or plain meaning; to pervert; to wrest.</def>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tor"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
detorting, or the state of being detorted; a twisting or
warping.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`tour"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;tour</i>, fr. <i>d&eacute;tourner</i> to turn aside;
pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>tourner</i> to turn.
See <u>Turn</u>.] <def>A turning; a circuitous route; a deviation
from a direct course; as, the <i>detours</i> of the
Mississippi.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tract"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Detracted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Detracting</u>.] [L. <i>detractus</i>, p. p. of <i>detrahere</i>
to detract; <i>de</i> + <i>trahere</i> to draw: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;tracter</i>. See <u>Trace</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take away; to withdraw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Detract</i> much from the view of the
without.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take credit or reputation from; to
defame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That calumnious critic . . . <BR>
<i>Detracting</i> what laboriously we do.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To derogate; decry; disparage; depreciate; asperse;
vilify; defame; traduce. See <u>Decry</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*tract"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take away a
part or something, especially from one's credit; to lessen
reputation; to derogate; to defame; -- often with
<i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It has been the fashion to <i>detract</i> both from
the moral and literary character of Cicero.</blockquote> <i>V.
Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tract"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
detracts; a detractor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Other <i>detracters</i> and malicious
writers.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tract"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
detracting manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*trac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;traction</i>, L. <i>detractio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A taking away or withdrawing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>detraction</i> of the eggs of the said wild
fowl.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of taking away from the reputation
or good name of another; a lessening or cheapening in the estimation
of others; the act of depreciating another, from envy or malice;
calumny.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Depreciation; disparagement; derogation; slander;
calumny; aspersion; censure.</p>

<p><hw>De*trac"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
detraction; detractory.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tract"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tending to detract or draw.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to lower in estimation;
depreciative.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tract"ive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being detractive.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tract"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;tracteur</i>.] <def>One who detracts; a derogator; a
defamer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>detractors</i> were noisy and
scurrilous.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Slanderer; calumniator; defamer; vilifier.</p>

<p><hw>De*tract"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Defamatory
by denial of desert; derogatory; calumnious.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tract"ress</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
detractor.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*train"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To
alight, or to cause to alight, from a railway train.</def> [Eng.]
<i>London Graphic.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*trect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>detrectare</i>; <i>de</i> + <i>tractare</i>, intens. of
<i>trahere</i> to draw.] <def>To refuse; to decline.</def> [Obs.] "To
<i>detrect</i> the battle."  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><! p. 402 !></p>

<p><hw>Det"ri*ment</hw> (d&ebreve;t"r&ibreve;*m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>detrimentum</i>, fr. <i>deterere</i>,
<i>detritum</i>, to rub or wear away; <i>de</i> + <i>terere</i> to
rub: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;triment</i>. See <u>Trite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which injures or causes damage;
mischief; harm; diminution; loss; damage; -- used very generically;
as, <i>detriments</i> to property, religion, morals, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can repair<BR>
That <i>detriment</i>, if such it be.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A charge made to students and barristers
for incidental repairs of the rooms they occupy.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Injury; loss; damage; disadvantage; prejudice;
hurt; mischief; harm.</p>

<p><hw>Det"ri*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To do
injury to; to hurt.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Other might be <i>determined</i> thereby.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Det`ri*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
detriment; injurious; hurtful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither dangerous nor <i>detrimental</i> to the
donor.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Injurious; hurtful; prejudicial; disadvantageous;
mischievous; pernicious.</p>

<p><hw>Det`ri*men"tal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being detrimental; injuriousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tri"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or composed of, detritus.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*trite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>detritus</i>,
p. p.] <def>Worn out.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tri"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>detritio</i>. See <u>Detriment</u>.] <def>A wearing off or
away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Phonograms which by process long-continued
<i>detrition</i> have reached a step of extreme
simplicity.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor (The Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tri"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;tritus</i>, fr. L. <i>detritus</i>, p. p. of
<i>deterere</i>. See <u>Detriment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A mass of substances worn off from solid bodies
by attrition, and reduced to small portions; as, diluvial
<i>detritus</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; For large portions, the word <i>d&eacute;bris</i> is
used.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Any fragments separated from the
body to which they belonged; any product of disintegration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mass of <i>detritus</i> of which modern languages
are composed.</blockquote> <i>Farrar.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*trude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Detruded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Detruding</u>.] [L. <i>detrudere</i>, <i>detrusum</i>; <i>de</i> +
<i>trudere</i> to thrust, push.] <def>To thrust down or out; to push
down with force.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*trun"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Detruncated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Detruncating</u>.] [L. <i>detruncatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>detruncare</i> to cut off; <i>de</i> + <i>truncare</i> to maim,
shorten, cut off. See <u>Truncate</u>.] <def>To shorten by cutting;
to cut off; to lop off.</def></p>

<p><hw>De`trun*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>detruncatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;troncation</i>.] <def>The act
of lopping or cutting off, as the head from the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tru"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>detrusio</i>. See <u>Detrude</u>.] <def>The act of thrusting or
driving down or outward; outward thrust.</def> --
<wf>De*tru"sive</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dette</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Debt.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dette"les</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
debt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`tu*mes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>detumescere</i> to cease swelling; <i>de</i> + <i>tumescere</i>,
<i>tumere</i>, to swell.] <def>Diminution of swelling; subsidence of
anything swollen.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||De"tur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>detur</i> let
it be given.] <def>A present of books given to a meritorious
undergraduate student as a prize.</def> [Harvard Univ., U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>De*turb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deturbare</i>.] <def>To throw down.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tur"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>deturbatus</i>, p. p. of <i>deturbare</i>, fr. L. <i>deturbare</i>
to thrust down.] <def>To evict; to remove.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Det`ur*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
deturbating.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*turn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-</i> +
<i>turn</i>.  Cf. <u>Detour</u>.] <def>To turn away.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*tur"pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>deturpare</i>; <i>de</i> + <i>turpare</i> to make ugly, defile,
<i>turpis</i> ugly, foul.] <def>To defile; to disfigure.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Det`ur*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A making
foul.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deuce</hw> (d&umacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>deux</i>
two, OF. <i>deus</i>, fr. L. <i>duo</i>. See <u>Two</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gaming)</i> <def>Two; a card or a die with two
spots; as, the <i>deuce</i> of hearts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Tennis)</i> <def>A condition of the score
beginning whenever each side has won three strokes in the same game
(also reckoned "40 all"), and reverted to as often as a tie is made
until one of the sides secures two successive strokes following a tie
or <i>deuce</i>, which decides the game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deuce</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL. <i>dusius</i>,
Armor, <i>dus</i>, <i>te&ucirc;z</i>, phantom, specter; Gael.
<i>taibhs</i>, <i>taibhse</i>, apparition, ghost; or fr. OF.
<i>deus</i> God, fr. L. <i>deus</i> (cf. <u>Deity</u>).] <def>The
devil; a demon.</def> [A euphemism, written also <i>deuse</i>.]
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Deu"ced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Devilish;
excessive; extreme.</def> [Low] -- <wf>Deu"ced*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Deuse</hw> (d&umacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <hw>Deu"sed</hw>
(d&umacr;"s&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Deuce</u>,
<u>Deuced</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deu`ter*o*ca*non"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
second + E. <i>canonical</i>.] <def>Pertaining to a second canon, or
ecclesiastical writing of inferior authority; -- said of the
Apocrypha, certain Epistles, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deu`ter*og"a*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Deuterogamy</u>.] <def>One who marries the second time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deu`ter*og"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
second + &?; wedding, marriage.] <def>A second marriage, after the
death of the first husband of wife; -- in distinction from bigamy, as
defined in the old canon law. See <u>Bigamy</u>.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deu`ter*o*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
second + root of &?; to be born.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of secondary
origin; -- said of certain rocks whose material has been derived from
older rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deu`ter*on"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
writer of Deuteronomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deu`ter*on"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
second + &?; law: cf. L. <i>Deuteronomium</i>.] <i>(Bibl.)</i>
<def>The fifth book of the Pentateuch, containing the second giving
of the law by Moses.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Deu`ter*o*pa*thi"a</hw> (?), <hw>Deu`ter*op"a*thy</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>deuteropathia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;
second + &?; suffering, fr. &?;, &?;, to suffer: cf. F.
<i>deut&eacute;ropathie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sympathetic
affection of any part of the body, as headache from an overloaded
stomach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deu`ter*o*path"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to deuteropathy; of the nature of
deuteropathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deu`ter*os"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
second + <i>-scopy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Second
sight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I felt by anticipation the horrors of the Highland
seers, whom their gift of <i>deuteroscopy</i> compels to witness
things unmeet for mortal eye.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is seen at a second view; a
meaning beyond the literal sense; the second intention; a hidden
signification.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Deu`ter*o*zo"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
second + E. <i>zooid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
secondary, and usually sexual, zooids produced by budding or fission
from the primary zooids, in animals having alternate generations. In
the tapeworms, the joints are deuterozooids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deut`hy*drog"u*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Deutohydroguret</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deu"to-</hw> (?) or <hw>Deut-</hw> (d&umacr;t-) [Contr. from
Gr. &?; second.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix which formerly properly
indicated <i>the second</i> in a regular series of compound in the
series, and not to its composition, but which is now generally
employed in the same sense as <i>bi-</i>or <i>di</i>-, although
little used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deu`to*hy*drog"u*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>deut-</i>, <i>deuto-</i> + <i>hydroguret</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A compound containing in the molecule two atoms of hydrogen
united with some other element or radical.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Deu"to*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>deuto-
</i> + Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The lifeless food matter in
the cytoplasm of an ovum or a cell, as distinguished from the active
or true protoplasm; yolk substance; yolk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deu`to*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>deuto-</i> + Gr. &?; plastic.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or composed of, deutoplasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deu`to*sul"phu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>deuto-</i> + <i>sulphuret</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
disulphide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Deu*tox"ide</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>deut-</i> + <i>oxide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound
containing in the molecule two atoms of oxygen united with some other
element or radical; -- usually called <i>dioxide</i>, or less
frequently, <i>binoxide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Deut"zi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named after
Jan <i>Deutz</i> of Holland.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs
with pretty white flowers, much cultivated.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dev</hw> (?), or  <hw>||De"va</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>d&?;va</i>.  Cf. <u>Deity</u>.]
<i>(Hind. Myth.)</i> <def>A god; a deity; a divine being; an idol; a
king.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De`va*na"ga*ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>d&?;van&amacr;gar&imacr;</i>; <i>d&?;va</i> god + <i>nagara</i>
city, <i>i. e.</i>, divine city.] <def>The character in which
Sanskrit is written.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vap`o*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
change of vapor into water, as in the formation of rain.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;vaster</i>. See <u>Devastate</u>.] <def>To
devastate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev"as*tate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Devastated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Devastating</u>.] [L. <i>devastatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>devastare</i> to devastate; <i>de</i> + <i>vastare</i> to lay
waste, <i>vastus</i> waste. See <u>Vast</u>.] <def>To lay waste; to
ravage; to desolate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whole countries . . . were
<i>devastated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To waste; ravage; desolate; destroy; demolish;
plunder; pillage.</p>

<p><hw>Dev`as*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;vastation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
devastating, or the state of being devastated; a laying
waste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even now the <i>devastation</i> is begun,<BR>
And half the business of destruction done.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Waste of the goods of the
deceased by an executor or administrator.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Desolation; ravage; waste; havoc; destruction;
ruin; overthrow.</p>

<p><hw>Dev"as*ta`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who, or that which, devastates.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dev`as*ta"vit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., he has
wasted.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Waste or misapplication of the assets of a
deceased person by an executor or an administrator.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>||De"va*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind., fr. Skr.
<i>d&?;va</i> god.] <i>(Hind. Myth.)</i> <def>A deity; a divine
being; a good spirit; an idol.</def> [Written also
<i>dewata</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Deve</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Deaf</u>.]
<def>Deaf.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev"el*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European swift.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>De*vel"op</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Developed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Developing</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;veloper</i>; <i>d&eacute;-</i>
(L. <i>dis-</i>) + OF. <i>voluper</i>, <i>voleper</i>, to envelop,
perh. from L. <i>volup</i> agreeably, delightfully, and hence orig.,
to make agreeable or comfortable by enveloping, to keep snug (cf.
<u>Voluptuous</u>); or. perh. fr. a derivative of <i>volvere</i>,
<i>volutum</i>, to roll (cf. <u>Devolve</u>).  Cf. <u>Envelop</u>.]
[Written also <i>develope</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To free from
that which infolds or envelops; to unfold; to lay open by degrees or
in detail; to make visible or known; to disclose; to produce or give
forth; as, to <i>develop</i> theories; a motor that <i>develops</i>
100 horse power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These serve to <i>develop</i> its tenets.</blockquote>
<i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The 20th was spent in strengthening our position and
<i>developing</i> the line of the enemy.</blockquote> <i>The
Century.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unfold gradually, as a flower from a
bud; hence, to bring through a succession of states or stages, each
of which is preparatory to the next; to form or expand by a process
of growth; to cause to change gradually from an embryo, or a lower
state, to a higher state or form of being; as, sunshine and rain
<i>develop</i> the bud into a flower; to <i>develop</i> the
mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sound <i>developed</i> itself into a real
compound.</blockquote> <i>J. Peile.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All insects . . . acquire the jointed legs before the
wings are fully <i>developed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To advance; to further; to prefect; to
make to increase; to promote the growth of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must <i>develop</i> our own resources to the
utmost.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To change the form of, as
of an algebraic expression, by executing certain indicated operations
without changing the value.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>To cause to become
visible, as an invisible or latent image upon plate, by submitting it
to chemical agents; to bring to view.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To develop a curved surface on a plane</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>to produce on the plane an equivalent surface, as
if by rolling the curved surface so that all parts shall successively
touch the plane.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To uncover; unfold; evolve; promote; project; lay
open; disclose; exhibit; unravel; disentangle.</p>

<p><hw>De*vel"op</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To go through a process of natural evolution or growth, by
successive changes from a less perfect to a more perfect or more
highly organized state; to advance from a simpler form of existence
to one more complex either in structure or function; as, a blossom
<i>develops</i> from a bud; the seed <i>develops</i> into a plant;
the embryo <i>develops</i> into a well-formed animal; the mind
<i>develops</i> year by year.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor poets enough to understand<BR>
That life <i>develops</i> from within.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become apparent gradually; as, a
picture on sensitive paper <i>develops</i> on the application of
heat; the plans of the conspirators <i>develop</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vel"op*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being developed.</def>  <i>J. Peile.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Developable surface</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a
surface described by a moving right line, and such that consecutive
positions of the generator intersect each other. Hence, the surface
can be developed into a plane.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*vel"op*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, develops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A reagent by the action
of which the latent image upon a photographic plate, after exposure
in the camera, or otherwise, is developed and visible.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vel"op*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;veloppement</i>.] [Written also <i>developement</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of developing or disclosing that
which is unknown; a gradual unfolding process by which anything is
developed, as a plan or method, or an image upon a photographic
plate; gradual advancement or growth through a series of progressive
changes; also, the result of developing, or a developed
state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A new <i>development</i> of imagination, taste, and
poetry.</blockquote> <i>Channing.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The series of changes which
animal and vegetable organisms undergo in their passage from the
embryonic state to maturity, from a lower to a higher state of
organization.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act
or process of changing or expanding an expression into another of
equivalent value or meaning.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
equivalent expression into which another has been
developed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(mus.)</i> <def>The elaboration of a theme
or subject; the unfolding of a musical idea; the evolution of a whole
piece or movement from a leading theme or motive.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Development theory</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the
doctrine that animals and plants possess the power of passing by slow
and successive stages from a lower to a higher state of organization,
and that all the higher forms of life now in existence were thus
developed by uniform laws from lower forms, and are not the result of
special creative acts. See the Note under <u>Darwinian</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unfolding; disclosure; unraveling; evolution;
elaboration; growth.</p>

<p><hw>De*vel`op*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the process of development;
as, the <i>developmental</i> power of a germ.</def>
<i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev`e*nus"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>devenustatus</i>, p. p. of <i>devenustare</i> to disfigure;
<i>de</i> + <i>venustus</i> lovely, graceful.] <def>To deprive of
beauty or grace.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>De*ver"gence</hw> (?), <hw>De*ver"gen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Divergence</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*vest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Devested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Devesting</u>.] [L. <i>devestire</i> to undress; <i>de</i> +
<i>vestire</i> to dress: cf. OF. <i>devestir</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;v&ecirc;tir</i>.  Cf. <u>Divest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To divest; to undress.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take away, as an authority, title,
etc., to deprive; to alienate, as an estate.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is now generally written <i>divest</i>, except in
the legal sense.</p>

<p><hw>De*vest"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To be
taken away, lost, or alienated, as a title or an estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>devexus</i>,
from <i>devehere</i> to carry down.] <def>Bending down;
sloping.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*vex"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Devexity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>May (Lucan).</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vex"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>devexitas</i>, fr. <i>devexus</i>. See <u>Devex</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A bending downward; a sloping; incurvation
downward; declivity.</def> [R.]  <i>Davies (Wit's Pilgr.)</i></p>

<p><hw>||De"vi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos><def>; <i>fem</i>. of
<u>Deva</u>. A goddess.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"vi*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deviating.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De"vi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deviated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Deviating</u> (?).] [L. <i>deviare</i> to deviate; <i>de</i> +
<i>viare</i> to go, travel, <i>via</i> way. See <u>Viaduct</u>.]
<def>To go out of the way; to turn aside from a course or a method;
to stray or go astray; to err; to digress; to diverge; to
vary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus Pegasus, a nearer way to take,<BR>
May boldly <i>deviate</i> from the common track.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To swerve; stray; wander; digress; depart; deflect;
err.</p>

<p><hw>De"vi*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
deviate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>deviate</i> a needle.</blockquote> <i>J. D.
Forbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`vi*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>deviatio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;viation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of deviating; a wandering from the way; variation from
the common way, from an established rule, etc.; departure, as from
the right course or the path of duty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or result of having deviated; a
transgression; an act of sin; an error; an offense.</def></p>

<p><! p. 403 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The voluntary and
unnecessary departure of a ship from, or delay in, the regular and
usual course of the specific voyage insured, thus releasing the
underwriters from their responsibility.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Deviation of a falling body</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>,
<cd>that deviation from a strictly vertical line of descent which
occurs in a body falling freely, in consequence of the rotation of
the earth.</cd> -- <col><b>Deviation of the compass</b></col>,
<cd>the angle which the needle of a ship's compass makes with the
magnetic meridian by reason of the magnetism of the iron parts of the
ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Deviation of the line of the
vertical</b></col>, <cd>the difference between the actual direction
of a plumb line and the direction it would have if the earth were a
perfect ellipsoid and homogeneous, -- caused by the attraction of a
mountain, or irregularities in the earth's density.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De"vi*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a forsaker.]
<def>One who, or that which, deviates.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"vi*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
deviate; devious; as, <i>deviatory</i> motion.</def> [R.]
<i>Tully.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vice"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>devis</i>,
<i>devise</i>, will, intention, opinion, invention, fr. F.
<i>devis</i> architect's plan and estimates (in OF., division, plan,
wish), <i>devise</i> device (in sense 3), in OF. also, division,
wish, last will, fr. <i>deviser</i>. See <u>Devise</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Devise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is devised, or formed by design; a
contrivance; an invention; a project; a scheme; often, a scheme to
deceive; a stratagem; an artifice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>device</i> in against Babylon, to destroy
it.</blockquote> <i>Jer. li. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their recent <i>device</i> of demanding
benevolences.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He disappointeth the <i>devices</i> of the
crafty.</blockquote> <i>Job v. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power of devising; invention;
contrivance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must have instruments of my own
<i>device</i>.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An emblematic design,
generally consisting of one or more figures with a motto, used apart
from heraldic bearings to denote the historical situation, the
ambition, or the desire of the person adopting it. See
<u>Cognizance</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Improperly, an
heraldic bearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Knights-errant used to distinguish themselves by
<i>devices</i> on their shields.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A banner with this strange <i>device</i> -<BR>
Excelsior.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything fancifully conceived.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A spectacle or show.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Opinion; decision.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom.
of R.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contrivance; invention; design; scheme; project;
stratagem; shift.  -- <u>Device</u>, <u>Contrivance</u>.
<i>Device</i> implies more of inventive power, and <i>contrivance</i>
more of skill and dexterity in execution. A <i>device</i> usually has
reference to something worked out for exhibition or show; a
<i>contrivance</i> usually respects the arrangement or disposition of
things with reference to securing some end. <i>Devices</i> were worn
by knights-errant on their shields; <i>contrivances</i> are generally
used to promote the practical convenience of life. The word
<i>device</i> is often used in a bad sense; as, a crafty
<i>device</i>; <i>contrivance</i> is almost always used in a good
sense; as, a useful <i>contrivance</i>.</p>

<p><hw>De*vice"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
devices; inventive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A carpet, rich, and of <i>deviceful</i>
thread.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vice"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
deviceful manner.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dev"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>de&oacute;fol</i>, <i>de&oacute;ful</i>; akin to G.
<i>&?;eufel</i>, Goth. <i>diaba&uacute;lus</i>; all fr. L.
<i>diabolus</i> the devil, Gr. &?; the devil, the slanderer, fr. &?;
to slander, calumniate, orig., to throw across; &?; across + &?; to
throw, let fall, fall; cf. Skr. <i>gal</i> to fall.  Cf.
<u>Diabolic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The Evil One; Satan,
represented as the tempter and spiritual of mankind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Jesus] being forty days tempted of the
<i>devil</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke iv. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That old serpent, called the <i>Devil</i>, and Satan,
which deceiveth the whole world.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An evil spirit; a demon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dumb man possessed with a <i>devil</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. ix. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A very wicked person; hence, any great
evil.</def> "That <i>devil</i> Glendower."  "The <i>devil</i>
drunkenness."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Have not I chosen you twelve, and one of you is a
<i>devil</i>?</blockquote> <i>John vi. 70.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An expletive of surprise, vexation, or
emphasis, or, ironically, of negation.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>devil</i> a puritan that he is, . . . but a
timepleaser.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The things, we know, are neither rich nor rare,<BR>
But wonder how the <i>devil</i> they got there.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A dish, as a bone with
the meat, broiled and excessively peppered; a grill with Cayenne
pepper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men and women busy in baking, broiling, roasting
oysters, and preparing <i>devils</i> on the gridiron.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Manuf.)</i> <def>A machine for tearing or
cutting rags, cotton, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blue devils</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Blue</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cartesian devil</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cartesian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Devil bird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of two or more South African drongo
shrikes (<i>Edolius retifer</i>, and <i>E. remifer</i>), believed by
the natives to be connected with sorcery.</cd> -- <col><b>Devil may
care</b></col>, <cd>reckless, defiant of authority; -- used
adjectively.</cd> <i>Longfellow.</i> -- <col><b>Devil's
apron</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the large kelp (<i>Laminaria
saccharina</i>, and <i>L. longicruris</i>) of the Atlantic ocean,
having a blackish, leathery expansion, shaped somewhat like an
apron.</cd> -- <col><b>Devil's coachhorse</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The black rove beetle
(<i>Ocypus olens</i>).</cd> [Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A large,
predacious, hemipterous insect (<i>Prionotus cristatus</i>); the
wheel bug.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Devil's darning-needle</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Darn</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Devil's fingers</b></col>,
<col><b>Devil's hand</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common
British starfish (<i>Asterias rubens</i>); -- also applied to a
sponge with stout branches.</cd> [Prov. Eng., Irish &amp; Scot.] --
<col><b>Devil's riding-horse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
American mantis (<i>Mantis Carolina</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>The Devil's
tattoo</b></col>, <cd>a drumming with the fingers or feet.</cd> "Jack
played <i>the Devil's tattoo</i> on the door with his boot heels."
<i>F. Hardman (Blackw. Mag.).</i> -- <col><b>Devil worship</b></col>,
<cd>worship of the power of evil; -- still practiced by barbarians
who believe that the good and evil forces of nature are of equal
power.</cd> -- <col><b>Printer's devil</b></col>, <cd>the youngest
apprentice in a printing office, who runs on errands, does dirty work
(as washing the ink rollers and sweeping), etc.</cd> "Without fearing
the <i>printer's devil</i> or the sheriff's officer."
<i>Macaulay.</i> -- <col><b>Tasmanian devil</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very savage carnivorous marsupial of
Tasmania (<i>Dasyurus, or Diabolus, ursinus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>To
play devil with</b></col>, <cd>to molest extremely; to ruin.</cd>
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Dev"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Deviled</u> (?) or <u>Devilled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Deviling</u> (?) or <u>Devilling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make like a devil; to invest with the
character of a devil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grill with Cayenne pepper; to season
highly in cooking, as with pepper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>deviled</i> leg of turkey.</blockquote> <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il-div`er</hw> (?), <hw>Dev"il bird`</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small water bird.
See <u>Dabchick</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A she-
devil.</def> [R.]  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
devil.</def> [R.]  <i>Barham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A huge ray (<i>Manta
birostris</i> or <i>Cephaloptera vampyrus</i>) of the Gulf of Mexico
and Southern Atlantic coasts. Several other related species take the
same name. See <u>Cephaloptera</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
large cephalopod, especially the very large species of <i>Octopus</i>
and <i>Architeuthis</i>. See <u>Octopus</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The gray whale of the Pacific coast. See
<u>Gray whale</u>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The goosefish or
angler (<i>Lophius</i>), and other allied fishes. See
<u>Angler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young
devil.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp;  Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling, characteristic of, or pertaining to, the devil;
diabolical; wicked in the extreme.</def> "<i>Devilish</i>
wickedness."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This wisdom descendeth not from above, but is earthly,
sensual, <i>devilish</i>.</blockquote> <i>James iii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extreme; excessive.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diabolical; infernal; hellish; satanic; wicked;
malicious; detestable; destructive.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Dev"il*ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dev"il*ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
the devil or of devils; doctrine of the devil or of devils.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a
devil of.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He that should deify a saint, should wrong him as much
as he that should <i>devilize</i> him.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little devil;
a devilet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Deviltry.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Devilries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Conduct
suitable to the devil; extreme wickedness; deviltry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stark lies and <i>devilry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole body of evil spirits.</def>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il's darn"ing-nee`dle</hw>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
dragon fly. See <i>Darning needle</i>, under <u>Darn</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character or
person of a devil or the devil.</def>  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Deviltries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Diabolical conduct;
malignant mischief; devilry.</def>  <i>C. Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev"il*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A kind of tree (<i>Osmanthus Americanus</i>), allied to the
European olive.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"vi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>devius</i>;
<i>de</i> + <i>via</i> way. See <u>Viaduct</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Out of a straight line; winding; varying from directness; as, a
<i>devious</i> path or way.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Going out of the right or common course;
going astray; erring; wandering; as, a <i>devious</i> step.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wandering; roving; rambling; vagrant.</p>

<p>-- <wf>De"vi*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De"vi*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*vir"gin*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>devirginatus</i>, p. p. of <i>devirginare</i>.] <def>Deprived of
virginity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>De*vir"gin*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of virginity; to deflour.</def> [R.]  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vir`gi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>devirginatio</i>.] <def>A deflouring.</def> [R.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vis"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Devise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being devised,
invented, or contrived.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being bequeathed, or given by
will.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vis"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
devising.</def>  <i>Whitney.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Devised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Devising</u>.] [OF. <i>deviser</i> to distribute, regulate,
direct, relate, F., to chat, fr. L. <i>divisus</i> divided,
distributed, p. p. of <i>dividere</i>. See <u>Divide</u>, and cf.
<u>Device</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form in the mind by new
combinations of ideas, new applications of principles, or new
arrangement of parts; to formulate by thought; to contrive; to
excogitate; to invent; to plan; to scheme; as, to <i>devise</i> an
engine, a new mode of writing, a plan of defense, or an
argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>devise</i> curious works.</blockquote> <i>Ex.
CCTV. 32.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Devising</i> schemes to realize his ambitious
views.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To plan or scheme for; to purpose to
obtain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For wisdom is most riches; fools therefore<BR>
They are which fortunes do by vows <i>devise</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To say; to relate; to describe.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To imagine; to guess.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To give by will; -- used of
real estate; formerly, also, of chattels.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To bequeath; invent; discover; contrive;
excogitate; imagine; plan; scheme. See <u>Bequeath</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*vise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form a scheme;
to lay a plan; to contrive; to consider.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I thought, <i>devised</i>, and Pallas heard my
prayer.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Devise</i> was formerly followed by <i>of</i>; as, let
us <i>devise of</i> ease.  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>devise</i>
division, deliberation, wish, will, testament. See <u>Device</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of giving or disposing of real estate
by will; -- sometimes improperly applied to a bequest of personal
estate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A will or testament, conveying real
estate; the clause of a will making a gift of real
property.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fines upon <i>devises</i> were still
exacted.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Property devised, or given by
will.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Device. See
<u>Device</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dev`i*see"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One to whom a devise is made, or real estate given by
will.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vis"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
devises.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vis"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One
who devises, or gives real estate by will; a testator; -- correlative
to <i>devisee</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dev"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>devitare</i> to avoid; <i>de</i> + <i>vitare</i> to shun, avoid.]
<def>Avoidable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*vi"tal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of life or vitality.</def> -- <wf>De*vi`tal*i*za"tion</wf>
(#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dev`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>devitatio</i>.] <def>An avoiding or escaping; also, a
warning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vit`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act or process of devitrifying, or the state of being devitrified.
Specifically, the conversion of molten glassy matter into a stony
mass by slow cooling, the result being the formation of crystallites,
microbites, etc., in the glassy base, which are then called
<i>devitrification products</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vit"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of glasslike character; to take away vitreous luster and transparency
from.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vo"cal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
toneless; to deprive of vowel quality.</def> --
<wf>De*vo`cal*i*za"tion</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>If we take a high vowel, such as (i) [= nearly i of
bit], and <i>devocalize</i> it, we obtain a hiss which is quite
distinct enough to stand for a weak (jh).</blockquote> <i>H.
Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev`o*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>devocare</i> to call off or away; <i>de</i> + <i>vocare</i> to
call.] <def>A calling off or away.</def> [R.]  <i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*void"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>devoiden</i> to leave, OF. <i>desvuidier</i>, <i>desvoidier</i>,
to empty out. See <u>Void</u>.] <def>To empty out; to
remove.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*void"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Devoid</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Void; empty;
vacant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute; not in possession; -- with
<i>of</i>; as, <i>devoid</i> of sense; <i>devoid</i> of pity or of
pride.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*voir"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>debere</i> to owe. See <u>Due</u>.] <def>Duty; service owed;
hence, due act of civility or respect; -- now usually in the plural;
as, they paid their <i>devoirs</i> to the ladies.</def> "Do now your
<i>devoid</i>, young knights!"  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev"o*lute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>devolutus</i>, p. p. of <i>devolvere</i>. See <u>Devolve</u>.]
<def>To devolve.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dev`o*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>devolutio</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;volution</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rolling down.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>devolution</i> of earth down upon the
valleys.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Transference from one person to another; a
passing or devolving upon a successor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>devolution</i> of the crown through a . . .
channel known and conformable to old constitutional
requisitions.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*volve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Devolved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Devolving</u>.] [L. <i>devolvere</i>, <i>devolutum</i>, to roll
down; <i>de</i> + <i>volvere</i> to roll down; <i>de</i> +
<i>volvere</i> to roll. See <u>Voluble</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To roll onward or downward; to pass on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every headlong stream<BR>
<i>Devolves</i> its winding waters to the main.</blockquote>
<i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Devolved</i> his rounded periods.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To transfer from one person to another; to
deliver over; to hand down; -- generally with <i>upon</i>, sometimes
with <i>to</i> or <i>into</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>devolved</i> a considerable share of their
power upon their favorite.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>devolved</i> their whole authority into the
hands of the council of sixty.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*volve"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass by
transmission or succession; to be handed over or down; -- generally
with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>, sometimes with <i>to</i> or
<i>into</i>; as, after the general fell, the command <i>devolved</i>
upon (or on) the next officer in rank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His estate . . . <i>devolved</i> to Lord
Somerville.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*volve"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of devolving;; devolution.</def></p>

<p><hw>De"von</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a breed of
hardy cattle originating in the country of Devon, England. Those of
pure blood have a deep red color. The small, longhorned variety,
called <i>North Devons</i>, is distinguished by the superiority of
its working oxen.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to Devon or Devonshire in England; as, the
<i>Devonian</i> rocks, period, or system.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Devonian age</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the age next
older than the Carboniferous and later than the Silurian; -- called
also the <i>Age of fishes</i>. The various strata of this age compose
the <i>Devonian formation</i> or <i>system</i>, and include the old
red sandstone of Great Britain. They contain, besides plants and
numerous invertebrates, the bony portions of many large and
remarkable fishes of extinct groups. See the Diagram under
<u>Geology</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*vo"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Devonian age
or formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dev`o*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>devoratio</i>. See <u>Devour</u>.] <def>The act of
devouring.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vo"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Devote</u>,
<u>Votary</u>.] <def>A votary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Devoted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Devoting</u>.] [L. <i>devotus</i>, p. p. of <i>devovere</i>;
<i>de</i> + <i>vovere</i> to vow. See <u>Vow</u>, and cf.
<u>Devout</u>, <u>Devow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To appropriate
by vow; to set apart or dedicate by a solemn act; to consecrate;
also, to consign over; to doom; to evil; to <i>devote</i> one to
destruction; the city was <i>devoted</i> to the flames.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>devoted</i> thing that a man shall <i>devote</i>
unto the Lord . . . shall be sold or redeemed.</blockquote> <i>Lev.
xxvii. 28.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To execrate; to curse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give up wholly; to addict; to direct
the attention of wholly or compound; to attach; -- often with a
reflexive pronoun; as, to <i>devote</i> one's self to science, to
one's friends, to piety, etc.</def></p>

<p><! p. 404 !></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy servant who is <i>devoted</i> to thy
fear.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxix. 38.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>devoted</i> themselves unto all
wickedness.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A leafless and simple branch . . . <i>devoted</i> to
the purpose of climbing.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To addict; apply; dedicate; consecrate; resign;
destine; doom; consign. See <u>Addict</u>.</p>

<p><hw>De*vote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>devotus</i>, p.
p.] <def>Devoted; addicted; devout.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vote"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A devotee.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir E. Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vot"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consecrated to a
purpose; strongly attached; zealous; devout; as, a <i>devoted</i>
admirer.</def> -- <wf>De*vot"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>De*vot"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dev`o*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
wholly devoted; esp., one given wholly to religion; one who is
superstitiously given to religious duties and ceremonies; a
bigot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While Father Le Blanc was very devout he was not a
<i>devotee</i>.</blockquote> <i>A. S. Hardy.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vote"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being devoted, or set apart by a vow.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hurd.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vot"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who devotes;
a worshiper.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;votion</i>, L. <i>devotio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of devoting; consecration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being devoted; addiction;
eager inclination; strong attachment love or affection; zeal;
especially, feelings toward God appropriately expressed by acts of
worship; devoutness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Genius animated by a fervent spirit of
<i>devotion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Act of devotedness or devoutness;
manifestation of strong attachment; act of worship; prayer.</def>
"The love of public <i>devotion</i>."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Disposal; power of disposal.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They are entirely at our <i>devotion</i>, and may be
turned backward and forward, as we please.</blockquote>
<i>Godwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A thing consecrated; an object of
devotion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Churches and altars, priests and all
<i>devotions</i>,<BR>
Tumbled together into rude chaos.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Days of devotion</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Day</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Consecration; devoutness; religiousness; piety;
attachment; devotedness; ardor; earnestness.</p>

<p><hw>De*vo"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>devotionalis</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, suited to, or used in,
devotion; as, a <i>devotional</i> posture; <i>devotional</i>
exercises; a <i>devotional</i> frame of mind.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>De*vo"tion*al*ist</hw>, <hw>De*vo"tion*ist</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One given to devotion, esp. to excessive
formal devotion.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vo`tion*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
practice of a devotionalist.</def>  <i>A. H. Clough.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vo"tion*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
devotional manner; toward devotion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*vo"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A
devotee.</def>  <i>Dr. J. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
worshiper; one given to devotion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vour"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Devoured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Devouring</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;vorer</i>, fr. L. <i>devorare</i>;
<i>de</i> + <i>vorare</i> to eat greedily, swallow up. See
<u>Voracious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To eat up with greediness;
to consume ravenously; to feast upon like a wild beast or a glutton;
to prey upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some evil beast hath <i>devoured</i> him.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xxxvii. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seize upon and destroy or appropriate
greedily, selfishly, or wantonly; to consume; to swallow up; to use
up; to waste; to annihilate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Famine and pestilence shall <i>devour</i>
him.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. vii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I waste my life and do my days
<i>devour</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To enjoy with avidity; to appropriate or
take in eagerly by the senses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Longing they look, and gaping at the sight,<BR>
<i>Devour</i> her o'er with vast delight.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To consume; waste; destroy; annihilate.</p>

<p><hw>De*vour"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
devoured.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vour"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, devours.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vour"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
devouring manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vout"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>devot</i>,
<i>devout</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;vot</i>, from L. <i>devotus</i>
devoted, p. p. of <i>devovere</i>. See <u>Devote</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Devoted to religion or to
religious feelings and duties; absorbed in religious exercises; given
to devotion; pious; reverent; religious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>devout</i> man, and one that feared
God.</blockquote> <i>Acts x. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We must be constant and <i>devout</i> in the worship
of God.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing devotion or piety; as, eyes
<i>devout</i>; sighs <i>devout</i>; a <i>devout</i> posture.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Warmly devoted; hearty; sincere; earnest;
as, <i>devout</i> wishes for one's welfare.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The devout</b></col>, <cd>devoutly religious persons,
those who are sincerely pious.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Holy; pure; religious; prayerful; pious; earnest;
reverent; solemn; sincere.</p>

<p><hw>De*vout"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
devotee.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A devotional composition, or part of a
composition; devotion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vout"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of devotion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sacred.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To take her from austerer check of parents,<BR>
To make her his by most <i>devoutful</i> rights.</blockquote>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vout"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
devotion.</def> -- <wf>De*vout"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
- <wf>De*vout"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>De*vout"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a devout and reverent manner; with devout emotions;
piously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cast her fair eyes to heaven and prayed
<i>devoutly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sincerely; solemnly; earnestly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is a consummation<BR>
<i>Devoutly</i> to be wished.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vout"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being devout.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*vove"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Devote</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To devote.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;vouer</i>, L. <i>devovere</i>. See <u>Devote</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give up; to
devote.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. OF. <i>desvoer</i>.  Cf. <u>Disavow</u>.]
<def>To disavow; to disclaim.</def> [Obs.]  <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*vul"gar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free
from what is vulgar, common, or narrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shakespeare and Plutarch's "Lives" are very
<i>devulgarizing</i> books.</blockquote> <i>E. A. Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dew</hw> (d&umacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>de&aacute;w</i>; akin to D. <i>dauw</i>, G. <i>thau</i>,
<i>tau</i>, Icel. <i>d&ouml;gg</i>, Sw. <i>dagg</i>, Dan. <i>dug</i>;
cf. Skr. <i>dhav</i>, <i>dh&amacr;v</i>, to flow. &radic;72.  Cf.
<u>Dag</u> dew.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moisture from the atmosphere
condensed by cool bodies upon their surfaces, particularly at
night.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her tears fell with the <i>dews</i> at
even.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, anything which falls lightly
and in a refreshing manner.</def> "The golden <i>dew</i> of sleep."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An emblem of morning, or fresh
vigor.</def> "The <i>dew</i> of his youth."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Dew</i> is used in combination; as, <i>dew</i>-
bespangled, <i>dew</i>-drenched, <i>dew</i>drop, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Dew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dewing</u>.] <def>To wet with dew or as with dew; to bedew; to
moisten; as with dew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The grasses grew<BR>
A little ranker since they <i>dewed</i> them so.</blockquote> <i>A.
B. Saxton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dew</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Due</u>,
or <u>Duty</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dew"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The fruit of certain species of bramble
(<i>Rubus</i>); in England, the fruit of <i>R. c&aelig;sius</i>,
which has a glaucous bloom; in America, that of <i>R. canadensis</i>
and <i>R. hispidus</i>, species of low blackberries.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The plant which bears the fruit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Feed him with apricots and
<i>dewberries</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dew"claw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In any animal,
esp. of the Herbivora, a rudimentary claw or small hoof not reaching
the ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some cut off the <i>dewclaws</i> [of
greyhounds].</blockquote> <i>J. H. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dew"drop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drop of
dew.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dew"fall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The falling of
dew; the time when dew begins to fall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dew"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
dewy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dew"lap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dew</i> +
<i>lap</i> to lick.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The pendulous skin under
the neck of an ox, which laps or licks the dew in grazing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The flesh upon the human throat,
especially when with age.</def> [Burlesque]</p>

<p><blockquote>On her withered <i>dewlap</i> pour the
ale.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dew"lapped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
a dewlap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dew"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no dew.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dew"-point`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Meteor.)</i>
<def>The temperature at which dew begins to form. It varies with the
humidity and temperature of the atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dew"ret`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Dew</i> +
<i>ret</i>, v. t.] <def>To ret or rot by the process called
<i>dewretting</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dew"ret`ting</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dewrotting; the
process of decomposing the gummy matter of flax and hemp and setting
the fibrous part, by exposure on a sward to dew, rain, and
sunshine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dew"rot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rot, as
flax or hemp, by exposure to rain, dew, and sun. See
<u>Dewretting</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dew"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Earthworm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dew"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to dew; resembling, consisting of, or moist with,
dew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>dewy</i> mist<BR>
Went and watered all the ground.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>dewy</i> eve her curtain draws.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Falling gently and beneficently, like the
dew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dewy</i> sleep ambrosial.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling a dew-covered
surface; appearing as if covered with dew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dex"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.,; akin to Gr. &?;,
&?;, Skr. <i>dakshi&?;a</i> (cf. <i>daksh</i> to be strong, suit);
Goth. <i>taihswa</i>, OHG. <i>zeso</i>.  Cf. <u>Dexterous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or situated on, the right
hand; right, as opposed to <i>sinister</i>, or <i>left</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On sounding wings a <i>dexter</i> eagle
flew.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>On the right-hand side of a
shield, <i>i. e.</i>, towards the right hand of its wearer. To a
spectator in front, as in a pictorial representation, this would be
the left side.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dexter chief</b></col>, or <col><b>Dexter point</b></col>
<i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>a point in the dexter upper corner of the shield,
being in the dexter extremity of the chief, as A in the cut.</cd> --
<col><b>Dexter base</b></col>, <cd>a point in the dexter lower part
or base of the shield, as B in the cut.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dex*ter"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Dexterous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dex*ter"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dexteritas</i>, fr. <i>dexter</i>: cf. F.
<i>dext&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Dexter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Right-handedness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Readiness and grace in physical activity;
skill and ease in using the hands; expertness in manual acts; as,
<i>dexterity</i> with the chisel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In youth quick bearing and
<i>dexterity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Readiness in the use or control of the
mental powers; quickness and skill in managing any complicated or
difficult affair; adroitness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His wisdom . . . was turned . . . into a
<i>dexterity</i> to deliver himself.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had conducted his own defense with singular
boldness and <i>dexterity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Adroitness; activity; nimbleness; expertness;
skill; cleverness; art; ability; address; tact; facility; aptness;
aptitude; faculty. See <u>Skill</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dex"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dexter</i>.
See <u>Dexter</u>.] [Written also <i>dextrous</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ready and expert in the use of the body and
limbs; skillful and active with the hands; handy; ready; as, a
<i>dexterous</i> hand; a <i>dexterous</i> workman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Skillful in contrivance; quick at
inventing expedients; expert; as, a <i>dexterous</i>
manager.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dexterous</i> the craving, fawning crowd to
quit.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Done with dexterity; skillful; artful; as,
<i>dexterous</i> management.</def> "<i>Dexterous</i> sleights of
hand."  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Adroit; active; expert; skillful; clever; able;
ready; apt; handy; versed.</p>

<p><hw>Dex"ter*ous*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dexterous manner; skillfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dex"ter*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being dexterous; dexterity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dex"trad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L. <i>dextra</i>
the right hand + <i>ad</i> to.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Toward the right
side; dextrally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dex"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Dexter</u>.]
<def>Right, as opposed to <i>sinistral</i>, or <i>left</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dextral shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a spiral
shell the whorls of which turn from left right, or like the hands of
a watch when the apex of the spire is toward the eye of the
observer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dex*tral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being on the right-hand side; also, the quality of being right-
handed; right-handedness.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dex"tral*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Towards
the right; as, the hands of a watch rotate
<i>dextrally</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dex*trer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A war horse; a
destrer.</def> [Obs.] "By him baiteth his <i>dextrer</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dex"trin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dextrine</i>, G. <i>dextrin</i>. See <u>Dexter</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A translucent, gummy, amorphous substance, nearly
tasteless and odorless, used as a substitute for gum, for sizing,
etc., and obtained from starch by the action of heat, acids, or
diastase. It is of somewhat variable composition, containing several
carbohydrates which change easily to their respective varieties of
sugar. It is so named from its rotating the plane of polarization to
the right; -- called also <i>British gum</i>, <i>Alsace gum</i>,
<i>gommelin</i>, <i>leiocome</i>, etc. See <u>Achro&ouml;dextrin</u>,
and <u>Erythrodextrin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dex"tro-</hw> (?). <def>A prefix, from L. <i>dexter</i>,
meaning, pertaining to, or toward, the <i>right</i></def>; <i>(Chem.
& Opt.)</i> <def>having the property of turning the plane of
polarized light to the <i>right</i>; as, <i>dextro</i>tartaric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dex*trog"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics &
Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Dextrogyrate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dex`tro*glu"cose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dextro-
</i> + <i>glucose</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Dextrose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dex`tro*gy"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Dextro-</i>
+ <i>gyrate</i>.] <i>(Chem. &amp; Opt.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Dextrorotatory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dex*tron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, dextrose; as, <i>dextronic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dextronic acid</b></col>, <cd>a sirupy substance obtained
by the partial oxidation of various carbohydrates, as dextrose,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dex`tro*ro"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics &
Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Dextrotatory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dex`tro*ro"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Dextro-
</i> + <i>rotatory</i>.] <i>(Chem. &amp; Opt.)</i> <def>Turning, or
causing to turn, toward the right hand; esp., turning the plane of
polarization of luminous rays toward the right hand; as,
<i>dextrorotatory</i> crystals, sugars, etc.  Cf.
<u>Levorotatory</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dex*tror"sal</hw> (?), <hw>Dex"trorse`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dextrorsum</i>, contr. fr.
<i>dextrovorsum</i>, <i>dextroversum</i>, toward the right side;
<i>dexter</i> right + <i>versus</i>, <i>vorsus</i>, p. p. of
<i>vertere</i>, <i>vortere</i>, to turn.] <def>Turning from the left
to the right, in the ascending line, as in the spiral inclination of
the stem of the common morning-glory.</def></p>

<p>&fist; At present scientists predicate dextrorse or sinistrorse
quality of the plant regarded objectively; formerly the plant was
regarded subjectively, and what is now called dextrorse was then
considered sinistrorse.</p>

<p><hw>Dex"trose`</hw> (d&ebreve;ks"tr&omacr;s`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dexter</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
sirupy, or white crystalline, variety of sugar,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub> (so called from turning the
plane of polarization to the right), occurring in many ripe fruits.
Dextrose and levulose are obtained by the inversion of cane sugar or
sucrose, and hence called <i>invert sugar</i>. Dextrose is chiefly
obtained by the action of heat and acids on starch, and hence called
also <i>starch sugar</i>. It is also formed from starchy food by the
action of the amylolytic ferments of saliva and pancreatic
juice.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The solid products are known to the trade as <i>grape
sugar</i>; the sirupy products as <i>glucose</i>, or <i>mixing
sirup</i>. These are harmless, but are only about half as sweet as
cane sugar or sucrose.</p>

<p><hw>Dex"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<hw>Dex"trous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>,
<hw>Dex"trous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Dexterous</u>, <u>Dexterously</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dairy</u>.] <def>A
servant who has charge of the dairy; a dairymaid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Deys</b></plw> (#). [Turk. <i>d&amacr;i</i>, orig., a
maternal uncle, then a friendly title formerly given to middle-aged
or old people, especially among the Janizaries; and hence, in
Algiers, consecrated at length to the commanding officer of that
corps, who frequently became afterward pasha or regent of that
province; hence the European misnomer of <i>dey</i>, as applied to
the latter: cf. F. <i>dey</i>.] <def>The governor of Algiers; -- so
called before the French conquest in 1830.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deye</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To die.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Deyn"te</hw>, <hw>Deyn"tee</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n. &
a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Dainty</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*zinc`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act or process of freeing from zinc; also, the condition resulting
from the removal of zinc.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*zinc"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-
</i> + <i>zinc + -fy</i>.] <def>To deprive of, or free from,
zinc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dhole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A fierce, wild dog (<i>Canis Dukhunensis</i>), found in the
mountains of India. It is remarkable for its propensity to hunt the
tiger and other wild animals in packs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dho"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Ceylonese boat.
See <u>Doni</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 405 !></p>

<p><hw>||Dhoor"ra</hw>, <hw>||Dhour"ra</hw>, or <hw>Dhur"ra</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Indian millet. See
<u>Durra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dhow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>d&amacr;o</i>?]
<def>A coasting vessel of Arabia, East Africa, and the Indian Ocean.
It has generally but one mast and a lateen sail.</def> [Also written
<i>dow</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Di-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>di`s-</grk> twice; akin to &?; two, L.
<i>bis</i> twice. See <u>Two</u>, and cf. <u>Bi-</u>, <u>Dia-</u>.
The L. pref. <i>dis-</i> sometimes assumes the form <i>di</i>-. See
<u>Dis-</u>.] <def>A prefix, signifying <i>twofold</i>,
<i>double</i>, <i>twice</i></def>; <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>denoting
<i>two</i> atoms, radicals, groups, or equivalents, as the case may
be. See <u>Bi-</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di"a-</hw> (?), <hw>Di-</hw>  }. [Gr. <grk>dia`</grk>
through; orig., dividing into two parts; akin to &?; two. See
<u>Two</u>, and cf. 1st <u>Di-</u>.] <def>A prefix denoting
<i>through</i>; also, <i>between</i>, <i>apart</i>, <i>asunder</i>,
<i>across</i>. Before a vowel <i>dia-</i>becomes <i>di</i>-; as,
<i>di</i>actinic; <i>di</i>electric, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*base</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>diabase</i>,
fr. Gr. &?; a crossing or passing over, fr. &?;; &?; + &?; to go; --
so called by Brongniart, because it passes over to diorite.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A basic, dark-colored, holocrystalline, igneous
rock, consisting essentially of a triclinic feldspar and pyroxene
with magnetic iron; -- often limited to rocks pretertiary in age. It
includes part of what was early called <i>greenstone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ab`a*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; &?;
(sc. &?;) offerings before crossing the border, fr. &?; to pass over.
See <u>Diabase</u>.] <def>Passing over the borders.</def> [R.]
<i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*be"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to pass or cross over. See <u>Diabase</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A disease which is attended with a persistent, excessive
discharge of urine. Most frequently the urine is not only increased
in quantity, but contains saccharine matter, in which case the
disease is generally fatal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Diabetes mellitus</b></col> [NL., sweet diabetes],
<cd>that form of diabetes in which the urine contains saccharine
matter.</cd> -- <col><b>||Diabetes insipidus</b></col> [NL., lit.,
diabetes], <cd>the form of diabetes in which the urine contains no
abnormal constituent.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`a*bet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Di`a*bet"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to diabetes; as, <i>diabetic</i>
or <i>diabetical</i> treatment.</def>  <i>Quian.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Diabetic sugar</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Dextrose</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Dia`ble*rie"</hw> (?), <hw>Di*ab"le*y</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>diablerie</i>, fr. <i>diable</i> devil,
L. <i>diabolus</i>. See <u>Devil</u>.] <def>Devilry; sorcery or
incantation; a diabolical deed; mischief.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`a*bol"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Di`a*bol"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>diabolicus</i>, Gr. &?; devilish,
slanderous: cf. F. <i>diabolique</i>. See <u>Devil</u>.]
<def>Pertaining to the devil; resembling, or appropriate, or
appropriate to, the devil; devilish; infernal; impious; atrocious;
nefarious; outrageously wicked; as, a <i>diabolic</i> or
<i>diabolical</i> temper or act.</def> "<i>Diabolic</i> power."
<i>Milton.</i> "The <i>diabolical</i> institution." <i>Motley.</i> --
<wf>Di`a*bol"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Di`a*bol"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*bol"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diabolus</i> devil + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To ascribed diabolical
qualities to; to change into, or to represent as, a devil.</def> [R.]
<i>Farindon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ab"o*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Character, action, or principles appropriate to the
devil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possession by the devil.</def>  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ab"o*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
diabolical.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di`a*ca*thol"i*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dia-</i> + <i>catholicon</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A universal
remedy; -- name formerly to a purgative electuary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*caus"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dia-
</i> + <i>caustic</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
possessing the properties of, a species of caustic curves formed by
refraction. See <i>Caustic surface</i>, under
<u>Caustic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*caus"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>That which burns by refraction, as a double convex
lens, or the sun's rays concentrated by such a lens, sometimes used
as a cautery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A curved formed by the
consecutive intersections of rays of light refracted through a
lens.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Di*ach"y*lon</hw> (?), <hw>||Di*ach"y*lum</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>diachylum</i>, fr. Gr. &?; very juicy;
<grk>dia`</grk> thoroughly + &?; juice.] <i>(Med. &amp; Chem.)</i> <def>A
plaster originally composed of the juices of several plants (whence
its name), but now made of an oxide of lead and oil, and consisting
essentially of glycerin mixed with lead salts of the fat
acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
<i>acid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Divalent; -- said of a base or
radical as capable of saturating two acid monad radicals or a dibasic
acid.  Cf. <u>Dibasic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
<u>Biacid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`a*co"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
&?; &?; from poppy heads; <grk>dia`</grk> through, from + &?; head, a
poppy head.] <def>A sirup made of poppies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ac"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>diaconalis</i>: cf. F. <i>diaconal</i>.  Cf. <u>Deacon</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a deacon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ac"o*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diaconatus</i>: cf. F. <i>diaconat</i>.] <def>The office of a
deacon; deaconship; also, a body or board of deacons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ac"o*nate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Governed by
deacons.</def> "<i>Diaconate</i> church."  <i>T. Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Di*ac"o*pe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; a
cutting in two; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?;.] <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>Tmesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*cous"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>acoustic</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the science or doctrine of
refracted sounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*cous"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>diacoustique</i>.] <def>That branch of natural philosophy which
treats of the properties of sound as affected by passing through
different mediums; -- called also <i>diaphonics</i>. See the Note
under <u>Acoustics</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`a*crit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Di`a*crit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to separate, distinguish;
<grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to separate. See <u>Critic</u>.]
<def>That separates or distinguishes; -- applied to points or marks
used to distinguish letters of similar form, or different sounds of
the same letter, as, &amacr;, &abreve;, &auml;, &omacr;, &obreve;,
etc.</def> "<i>Diacritical</i> points."  <i>Sir W. Jones.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A glance at this typography will reveal great
difficulties, which <i>diacritical</i> marks necessarily throw in the
way of both printer and writer.</blockquote> <i>A. J. Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`ac*tin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>actinic</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Capable of transmitting the
chemical or actinic rays of light; as, <i>diactinic</i>
media.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`a*del"phi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; brother.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of plants whose stamens are
united into two bodies or bundles by their filaments.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`a*del"phi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Di`a*del"phous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>diadelphe</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the class Diadelphia; having the stamens united into
two bodies by their filaments (said of a plant or flower); grouped
into two bundles or sets by coalescence of the filaments (said of
stamens).</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*dem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>diad&egrave;me</i>, L. <i>diadema</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
bind round; <grk>dia`</grk> through, across + &?; to bind; cf. Skr.
<i>d&amacr;</i> to bind.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, an
ornamental head band or fillet, worn by Eastern monarchs as a badge
of royalty; hence (later), also, a crown, in general.</def> "The
regal <i>diadem</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Regal power; sovereignty; empire; --
considered as symbolized by the crown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>An arch rising from the rim
of a crown (rarely also of a coronet), and uniting with others over
its center.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diadem lemur</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Indri</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Diadem spider</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the garden spider.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*dem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To adorn with a
diadem; to crown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not so, when <i>diadem'd</i> with rays
divine.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To terminate the evil,<BR>
To <i>diadem</i> the right.</blockquote> <i>R. H. Neale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*drom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a running
through; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?;, used as inf. aor. of &?; to
run.] <def>A complete course or vibration; time of vibration, as of a
pendulum.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di*&aelig;r"e*sis</hw>, <hw>Di*er"e*sis</hw>  } (?; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Di&aelig;reses</b></plw> or
<plw><b>Diereses</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>diaeresis</i>, Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to divide; <grk>dia`</grk> through, asunder + &?; to take. See
<u>Heresy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The separation
or resolution of one syllable into two; -- the opposite of
<i>syn&aelig;resis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mark consisting of two dots [&umlaut;],
placed over the second of two adjacent vowels, to denote that they
are to be pronounced as distinct letters; as, <i>co&ouml;perate</i>,
<i>a&euml;rial</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`&aelig;*ret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
dividing.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Caustic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Di`a*ge`o*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dia`</grk> through, at variance + &?; earth + &?; turning.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Relating to, or exhibiting,
diageotropism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*ge*ot"ro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The tendency of organs (as roots) of plants to
assume a position oblique or transverse to a direction towards the
center of the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*glyph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to engrave;
<grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to carve.] <def>An intaglio.</def>
<i>Mollett.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`a*glyph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Di`a*glyph"tic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Represented or formed by depressions in the
general surface; as, <i>diaglyphic</i> sculpture or engraving; --
opposed to <i>anaglyphic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`ag*nose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
ascertain by diagnosis; to diagnosticate. See
<u>Diagnosticate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`ag*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Diagnoses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
distinguish; <grk>dia`</grk> through, asunder + &?; to know. See
<u>Know</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The art or act of
recognizing the presence of disease from its signs or symptoms, and
deciding as to its character; also, the decision arrived
at.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Scientific determination of any kind; the
concise description of characterization of a species.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Critical perception or scrutiny; judgment
based on such scrutiny; esp., perception of, or judgment concerning,
motives and character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The quick eye for effects, the clear <i>diagnosis</i>
of men's minds, and the love of epigram.</blockquote> <i>Compton
Reade.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>diagnosis</i> of his character proved
correct.</blockquote> <i>J. Payn.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Differential diagnosis</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the
determination of the distinguishing characteristics as between two
similar diseases or conditions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di`ag*nos"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; able to
distinguish, fr. &?;: cf. F. <i>diagnostique</i>.] <def>Pertaining
to, or furnishing, a diagnosis; indicating the nature of a
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`ag*nos"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mark or
symptom by which one disease is known or distinguished from
others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`ag*nos"ti*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [From
<u>Diagnostic</u>.] <def>To make a diagnosis of; to recognize by its
symptoms, as a disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`ag*nos"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That part
of medicine which has to do with ascertaining the nature of diseases
by means of their symptoms or signs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His rare skill in <i>diagnostics</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*gom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to
transmit + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>A sort of electroscope, invented by
Rousseau, in which the dry pile is employed to measure the amount of
electricity transmitted by different bodies, or to determine their
conducting power.</def>  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ag"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diagonalis</i>, fr. Gr. &?; from to angle; <grk>dia`</grk> through
+ &?; an angle; perh. akin to E. <i>knee</i>: cf. F.
<i>diagonal</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Joining two not adjacent angles
of a quadrilateral or multilateral figure; running across from corner
to corner; crossing at an angle with one of the sides.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diagonal bond</b></col> <i>(Masonry)</i>, <cd>herringbone
work. See <u>Herringbone</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Diagonal built</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>built by
forming the outer skin of two layers of planking, making angles of
about 45&deg; with the keel, in opposite directions.</cd> --
<col><b>Diagonal cleavage</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cleavage</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Diagonal molding</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a chevron or zigzag molding.</cd> --
<col><b>Diagonal rib</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See <u>Cross-
springer</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Diagonal scale</b></col>, <cd>a scale
which consists of a set of parallel lines, with other lines crossing
them obliquely, so that their intersections furnish smaller
subdivisions of the unit of measure than could be conveniently marked
on a plain scale.</cd> -- <col><b>Diagonal stratification</b></col>.
<i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Cross bedding</i>, under <u>Cross</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*ag"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A right line drawn from one angle to another not adjacent, of a
figure of four or more sides, and dividing it into two
parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>A member, in a framed
structure, running obliquely across a panel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A diagonal cloth; a kind of cloth having
diagonal stripes, ridges, or welts made in the weaving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ag"o*nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a diagonal
direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*go"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Diagonal;
diametrical; hence; diametrically opposed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sin can have no tenure by law at all, but is rather an
eternal outlaw, and in hostility with law past all atonement; both
<i>diagonal</i> contraries, as much allowing one another as day and
night together in one hemisphere.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
mark out by lines; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to draw, write: cf.
F. <i>diagramme</i>. See <u>Graphic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A figure or drawing made to illustrate a
statement, or facilitate a demonstration; a plan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any simple drawing made for mathematical
or scientific purposes, or to assist a verbal explanation which
refers to it; a mechanical drawing, as distinguished from an
artistical one.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Indicator diagram</b></col>. <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <cd>See
<i>Indicator card</i>, under <u>indicator</u></cd></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*gram</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put into the
form of a diagram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*gram*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a diagram; showing by
diagram.</def> -- <wf>Di`a*gram*mat"ic*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to draw:
cf. F. <i>diagraphe</i>. See <u>Diagram</u>.] <def>A drawing
instrument, combining a protractor and scale.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`a*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Di`a*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>diagraphique</i>.]
<def>Descriptive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*graph"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
science of descriptive drawing; especially, the art or science of
drawing by mechanical appliances and mathematical rule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*he`li*o*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
through, at variance + &?; sun + &?; turning.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Relating or, or manifesting, diaheliotropism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*he`li*ot"ro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tendency of leaves or other organs of plants to
have their dorsal surface faced towards the rays of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.  <i>dialis</i>
daily, fr. L. <i>dies</i> day. See <u>Deity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument, formerly much used for showing the time of day
from the shadow of a style or gnomon on a graduated arc or surface;
esp., a sundial; but there are lunar and astral <i>dials</i>. The
style or gnomon is usually parallel to the earth's axis, but the dial
plate may be either horizontal or vertical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The graduated face of a timepiece, on
which the time of day is shown by pointers or hands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A miner's compass.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dial bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Indian
bird (<i>Copsychus saularius</i>), allied to the European robin. The
name is also given to other related species.</cd> -- <col><b>Dial
lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock provided with one or more plates having
numbers or letters upon them. These plates must be adjusted in a
certain determined way before the lock can be operated.</cd> --
<col><b>Dial plate</b></col>, <cd>the plane or disk of a dial or
timepiece on which lines and figures for indicating the time are
placed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di"al</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dialed</u> (?) or <u>Dialled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dialing</u> or <u>Dialling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To measure with a dial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hours of that true time which is <i>dialed</i> in
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Talfourd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To survey with a
dial.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*lect</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>dialecte</i>,
L. <i>dialectus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to converse, discourse. See
<u>Dialogue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Means or mode of expressing
thoughts; language; tongue; form of speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This book is writ in such a <i>dialect</i><BR>
As may the minds of listless men affect.<BR>
<i>Bunyan</i>.<BR>
The universal <i>dialect</i> of the world.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The form of speech of a limited region or
people, as distinguished from ether forms nearly related to it; a
variety or subdivision of a language; speech characterized by local
peculiarities or specific circumstances; as, the Ionic and Attic were
<i>dialects</i> of Greece; the Yorkshire <i>dialect</i>; the
<i>dialect</i> of the learned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the midst of this Babel of <i>dialects</i> there
suddenly appeared a standard English language.</blockquote>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Charles V.] could address his subjects from every
quarter in their native <i>dialect</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Language; idiom; tongue; speech; phraseology. See
<u>Language</u>, and <u>Idiom</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Di`a*lec"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to a
dialect; dialectical; as, a <i>dialectical</i> variant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*lec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Dialectics</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plato placed his <i>dialectic</i> above all
sciences.</blockquote> <i>Liddell &amp; Scott.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`a*lec"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Di`a*lec"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dialecticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>dialectique</i>. See <u>Dialect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to dialectics; logical; argumental.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to a dialect or to
dialects.</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><! p. 406 !></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*lec"tic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dialectical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*lec*ti"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dialecticien</i>.] <def>One versed in dialectics; a logician; a
reasoner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*lec"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dialectica</i> (sc. <i>ars</i>), Gr. &?; (sc. &?;): cf. F.
<i>dialectique</i>.] <def>That branch of logic which teaches the
rules and modes of reasoning; the application of logical principles
to discursive reasoning; the science or art of discriminating truth
from error; logical discussion.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Dialectics</i> was defined by Aristotle to be the method
of arguing with probability on any given problem, and of defending a
tenet without inconsistency. By Plato, it was used in the following
senses: <sn><b>1.</b></sn> Discussion by dialogue as a method of
scientific investigation. <sn><b>2.</b></sn> The method of
investigating the truth by analysis. <sn><b>3.</b></sn> The science
of ideas or of the nature and laws of being -- higher metaphysics. By
Kant, it was employed to signify the logic of appearances or
illusions, whether these arise from accident or error, or from those
necessary limitations which, according to this philosopher, originate
in the constitution of the human intellect.</p>

<p><hw>Di`a*lec*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Dialect</i>  + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of philology which
is devoted to the consideration of dialects.</def>  <i>Beck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*lec"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled
in dialectics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"al*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art of constructing dials; the science which treats of
measuring time by dials.</def> [Written also <i>dialling</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A method of surveying, especially in
mines, in which the bearings of the courses, or the angles which they
make with each other, are determined by means of the
circumferentor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maker of dials;
one skilled in dialing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*al"la*ge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
interchange, change, fr. &?; to interchange.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
figure by which arguments are placed in various points of view, and
then turned to one point.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"al*lage</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
change, alluding to the change and inequality of luster between the
natural joints of the mineral.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A dark green or
bronze-colored laminated variety of pyroxene, common in certain
igneous rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"al*lel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; crossing.]
<def>Meeting and intersecting, as lines; not parallel; -- opposed to
<i>parallel</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*al"lyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
volatile, pungent, liquid hydrocarbon, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>10</sub>,
consisting of two allyl radicals, and belonging to the acetylene
series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
belonging to discourse.] <def>Relating to a dialogue;
dialogistical.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*log"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner or nature of a dialogue.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*al"o*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>dialogisme</i>. See <u>Dialogue</u>.] <def>An imaginary
speech or discussion between two or more; dialogue.</def>
<i>Fulke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*al"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dialogista</i>: cf. F. <i>dialogiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A speaker in a dialogue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A writer of dialogues.</def>  <i>P.
Skelton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di*al`o*gis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Di*al`o*gis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to a dialogue; having
the form or nature of a dialogue.</def> --
<wf>Di*al`o*gis"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Di*al"o*gite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; an
arguing.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native carbonate of manganese;
rhodochrosite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*al"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf.
F. <i>dialogiser</i>.] <def>To discourse in dialogue.</def>
<i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*logue</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>dialogue</i>, L. <i>dialogus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
converse, <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to speak: cf. F.
<i>dialogue</i>. See <u>Legend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
conversation between two or more persons; particularly, a formal
conservation in theatrical performances or in scholastic
exercises.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A written composition in which two or more
persons are represented as conversing or reasoning on some topic; as,
the <i>Dialogues</i> of Plato.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*logue</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dialoguer</i>.] <def>To take part in a dialogue; to
dialogize.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*logue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To express as in
dialogue.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>dialogued</i> for him what he would
say.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`al*y*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dia`</grk> through, asunder + &?; to loose + &?; leaf.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having separate petals; polypetalous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*al"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dialyses</b></plw> (#). [L., separation, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to part asunder, dissolve; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to loose.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Di&aelig;resis. See
<u>Di&aelig;resis</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Asyndeton</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Debility.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A solution of
continuity; division; separation of parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The separation of different
substances in solution, as crystalloids and colloids, by means of
their unequal diffusion, especially through natural or artificial
membranes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*lyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;.
See <u>Dialysis</u>.] <def>Having the quality of unloosing or
separating.</def>  <i>Clarke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dialytic telescope</b></col>, <cd>an achromatic telescope
in which the colored dispersion produced by a single object lens of
crown glass is corrected by a smaller concave lens, or combination of
lenses, of high dispersive power, placed at a distance in the
narrower part of the converging cone of rays, usually near the middle
of the tube.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*al"y*zate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The material subjected to dialysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*ly*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The act or process of dialysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*lyze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dialyzed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dialyzing</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To separate, prepare, or
obtain, by dialysis or osmose; to pass through an animal membrane; to
subject to dialysis.</def> [Written also <i>dialyse</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Di"a*lyzed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prepared by
diffusion through an animal membrane; as, <i>dialyzed</i>
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*ly`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The instrument
or medium used to effect chemical dialysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*mag"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dia-</i>
+ <i>magnet</i>.] <def>A body having diamagnetic polarity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*mag*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or exhibiting the phenomena of, diamagnetism; taking, or being of
a nature to take, a position at right angles to the lines of magnetic
force. See <u>Paramagnetic</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diamagnetic attraction</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Attraction</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*mag*net"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any substance,
as bismuth, glass, phosphorous, etc., which in a field of magnetic
force is differently affected from the ordinary magnetic bodies, as
iron; that is, which tends to take a position at right angles to the
lines of magnetic force, and is repelled by either pole of the
magnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*mag*net"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
the manner of, or according to, diamagnetism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*mag"net*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science which treats of diamagnetic
phenomena, and of the properties of diamagnetic bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That form or condition of magnetic action
which characterizes diamagnetics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*man*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>diamant</i> diamond + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Yielding
diamonds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*man"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Adamantine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*am"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>diam&egrave;tre</i>, L. <i>diametros</i>, fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; measure. See <u>Meter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any right
line passing through the center of a figure or body, as a circle,
conic section, sphere, cube, etc., and terminated by the opposite
boundaries; a straight line which bisects a system of parallel chords
drawn in a curve.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A diametral
plane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The length of a straight line through the
center of an object from side to side; width; thickness; as, the
<i>diameter</i> of a tree or rock.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In an elongated object the diameter is usually taken at
right angles to the longer axis.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The distance through the
lower part of the shaft of a column, used as a standard measure for
all parts of the order. See <u>Module</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Conjugate diameters</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Conjugate</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*am"e*tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. F.
<i>diam&eacute;tral</i>.] <def>Pertaining to a diameter;
diametrical.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diametral curve</b></col>, <col><b>Diametral
surface</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>any line or surface which
bisects a system of parallel chords drawn in a curve or surface.</cd>
-- <col><b>Diametral planes</b></col> <i>(Crystal.)</i>, <cd>planes
in which two of the axes lie.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*am"e*tral</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A diameter.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*am"e*tral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Diametrically.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di*am"e*tric</hw> (?), <hw>Di*am"e*tric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
diameter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As remote as possible, as if at the
opposite end of a diameter; directly adverse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*am"e*tric*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
diametrical manner; directly; as, <i>diametrically</i>
opposite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose principles were <i>diametrically</i> opposed to
his.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*am"ide</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-
</i> + <i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any compound containing two
amido groups united with one or more acid or negative radicals, -- as
distinguished from a diamine.  Cf. <i>Amido acid</i>, under
<u>Amido</u>, and <i>Acid amide</i>, under <u>Amide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*am"i*do-</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A prefix or combining form of <u>Diamine</u>. [Also used
adjectively.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*am"ine</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-
</i> + <i>amine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound containing two
amido groups united with one or more basic or positive radicals, --
as contrasted with a <i>diamide</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In chemical nomenclature, if any amine or diamine is named
by prefixing the nitrogen group, the name of the latter takes the
form of <i>amido</i>, <i>diamido</i>, etc., thus <i>ethylene
diamine</i>, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>,
is also called <i>diamido-ethylene</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Di"a*mond</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>diamaund</i>, <i>diamaunt</i>, F. <i>diamant</i>, corrupted, fr.
L. <i>adamas</i>, the hardest iron, steel, diamond, Gr. &?;. Perh.
the corruption is due to the influence of Gr. &?; transparent. See
<u>Adamant</u>, <u>Tame</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A precious
stone or gem excelling in brilliancy and beautiful play of prismatic
colors, and remarkable for extreme hardness.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The diamond is native carbon in isometric crystals, often
octahedrons with rounded edges. It is usually colorless, but some are
yellow, green, blue, and even black. It is the hardest substance
known. The diamond as found in nature (called a <i>rough diamond</i>)
is cut, for use in jewelry, into various forms with many reflecting
faces, or facets, by which its brilliancy is much increased. See
<u>Brilliant</u>, <u>Rose</u>. Diamonds are said to be of the
<i>first water</i> when very transparent, and of the <i>second</i> or
<i>third water</i> as the transparency decreases.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A geometrical figure, consisting of four
equal straight lines, and having two of the interior angles acute and
two obtuse; a rhombus; a lozenge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of a suit of playing cards, stamped
with the figure of a diamond.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A pointed projection, like
a four-sided pyramid, used for ornament in lines or groups.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>The infield; the square
space, 90 feet on a side, having the bases at its angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The smallest kind of type
in English printing, except that called <i>brilliant</i>, which is
seldom seen.</def></p>

<p> &fist; This line is printed in the type called
<u>Diamond</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Black diamond</b></col>, <cd>coal; <i>(Min.)</i> See
<u>Carbonado</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bristol diamond</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Bristol stone</i>, under <u>Bristol</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Diamond
beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large South American
weevil (<i>Entimus imperialis</i>), remarkable for its splendid
luster and colors, due to minute brilliant scales.</cd> --
<col><b>Diamond bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
Australian bird (<i>Pardalotus punctatus</i>, family
<i>Ampelid&aelig;</i>.). It is black, with white spots.</cd> --
<col><b>Diamond drill</b></col> <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>a rod or tube
the end of which is set with black diamonds; -- used for perforating
hard substances, esp. for boring in rock.</cd> -- <col><b>Diamond
finch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small Australian sparrow,
often kept in a cage. Its sides are black, with conspicuous white
spots, and the rump is bright carmine.</cd> -- <col><b>Diamond
groove</b></col> <i>(Iron Working)</i>, <cd>a groove of V-section in
a roll.</cd> -- <col><b>Diamond mortar</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>a small steel mortar used for pulverizing hard substances.</cd> -
- <col><b>Diamond-point tool</b></col>, <cd>a cutting tool whose
point is diamond-shaped.</cd> -- <col><b>Diamond snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a harmless snake of Australia (<i>Morelia
spilotes</i>); the carpet snake.</cd> -- <col><b>Glazier's
diamond</b></col>, <cd>a small diamond set in a glazier's tool, for
cutting glass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*mond</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
a diamond; made of, or abounding in, diamonds; as, a <i>diamond</i>
chain; a <i>diamond</i> field.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*mond-back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The salt-marsh terrapin of the Atlantic
coast (<i>Malacoclemmys palustris</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*mond*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having figures like a diamond or lozenge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adorned with diamonds; diamondized.</def>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*mond*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set
with diamonds; to adorn; to enrich.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Diamondizing</i> of your subject.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*mond-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped
like a diamond or rhombus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*am"y*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>amylene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>20</sub>, of the ethylene series, regarded as a
polymeric form of amylene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Diana.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Di*a"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Diana</i>.]
<i>(Myth.)</i> <def>The daughter of Jupiter and Latona; a virgin
goddess who presided over hunting, chastity, and marriage; --
identified with the Greek goddess <i>Artemis</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And chaste <i>Diana</i> haunts the forest
shade.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Diana monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
handsome, white-bearded monkey of West Africa (<i>Cercopithecus
Diana</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Di*an"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?;, &?;, a man, a male.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of plants having two
stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*an"dri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Diandrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*an"drous</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>diandre</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the class
Diandria; having two stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*a"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>Diana</i>; either as the name of the Roman goddess, or from its
use in OE. as a name of silver.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Columbium</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Di`a*no*et"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to revolve in the mind.]
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the discursive faculty, its acts
or products.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would employ . . . <i>dianoetic</i> to denote the
operation of the discursive, elaborative, or comparative
faculty.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*noi*al"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
thought + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of the dianoetic faculties,
and their operations.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*an"thus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
gen. &?;, Zeus + <grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of plants containing some of the most popular of cultivated
flowers, including the pink, carnation, and Sweet William.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*pase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Diapason</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A tuneful <i>diapase</i> of pleasures.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*pasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>diapasma</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?;; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to sprinkle: cf. F.
<i>diapasme</i>.] <def>Powdered aromatic herbs, sometimes made into
little balls and strung together.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Di`a*pa"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>diapasw^n</grk> (<i>i. e.</i>, <grk>"h dia` pasw^n chordw^n
symfoni`a</grk> the concord of the first and last notes, the octave);
<grk>dia`</grk> through + <grk>pasw^n</grk>, gen. pl. of
<grk>pa^s</grk> all: cf. F. <i>diapason</i>.  Cf. <u>Panacea</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Mus.)</i> <def>The octave, or interval
which includes all the tones of the diatonic scale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Concord, as of notes an octave apart;
harmony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fair music that all creatures made . . . <BR>
In perfect <i>diapason</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The entire compass of tones.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through all the compass of the notes it ran,<BR>
The <i>diapason</i> closing full in man.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A standard of pitch; a tuning fork; as,
the French normal <i>diapason</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One of certain stops in the organ, so
called because they extend through the scale of the instrument. They
are of several kinds, as <i>open diapason</i>, <i>stopped
diapason</i>, <i>double diapason</i>, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`a*pe*de"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a leaping or oozing through, fr. &?; to leap through;
<grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to leap.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
passage of the corpuscular elements of the blood from the blood
vessels into the surrounding tissues, without rupture of the walls of
the blood vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`a*pen"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
a fifth; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; five: cf. F. <i>diapente</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Mus.)</i> <def>The interval of the
fifth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A composition of five
ingredients.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>diaspre</i>,
<i>diapre</i>, <i>diaspe</i>, sort of figured cloth, It.
<i>diaspro</i> jasper, <i>diaspo</i> figured cloth, from L.
<i>jaspis</i> a green-colored precious stone. See <u>Jasper</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any textile fabric (esp. linen or cotton
toweling) woven in diaper pattern. See 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Surface decoration of
any sort which consists of the constant repetition of one or more
simple figures or units of design evenly spaced.</def></p>

<p><! p. 407 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A towel or napkin for wiping the hands,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let one attend him with a silver basin, . . . <BR>
Another bear the ewer, the third a <i>diaper</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An infant's breechcloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To ornament with figures, etc., arranged in the pattern called
diaper, as cloth in weaving.</def> "<i>Diapered</i> light."  <i>H.
Van Laun.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Engarlanded and <i>diapered</i><BR>
With in wrought flowers.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put a diaper on (a child).</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*per</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To draw flowers or
figures, as upon cloth.</def> "If you <i>diaper</i> on folds."
<i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*per*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Diaper</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>diaphane</i> diaphanous. See <u>Diaphanous</u>.] <def>A woven silk
stuff with transparent and colored figures; diaper work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*phaned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>diaphaner</i> to make transparent. See <u>Diaphanous</u>.]
<def>Transparent or translucent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di`a*pha*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>diaphan&eacute;it&eacute;</i>. See <u>Diaphanous</u>.] <def>The
quality of being diaphanous; transparency; pellucidness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*phan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Diaphanous</u>.] <def>Having power to transmit light; transparent;
diaphanous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*aph"a*nie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
imitating stained glass with translucent paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*pha*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
transparent + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the
transparency of the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*phan"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
transparent + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A dark box
constructed for viewing transparent pictures, with or without a
lens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*phan"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
transparent + <i>-type</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A colored
photograph produced by superimposing a translucent colored positive
over a strong uncolored one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*aph"a*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to show or shine through; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to show, and
in the passive, to shine: cf. F. <i>diaphane</i>. See <u>Phantom</u>,
and cf. <u>Diaphane</u>, <u>Diaphanic</u>.] <def>Allowing light to
pass through, as porcelain; translucent or transparent; pellucid;
clear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Another cloud in the region of them, light enough to
be fantastic and <i>diaphanous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*aph"a*nous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Translucently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*aph`e*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; touch + &?; measure.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Relating to the measurement of the tactile sensibility of parts;
as, <i>diaphemetric</i> compasses.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`a*phon"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Di`a*phon"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; sound, tone.]
<def>Diacoustic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*phon"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine
of refracted sound; diacoustics.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`a*pho*re"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to carry through, to throw off by perspiration;
<grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to carry.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Perspiration, or an increase of perspiration.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`a*pho*ret"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Di`a*pho*ret"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>diaphoreticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>diaphor&eacute;tique</i>. See <u>Diaphoresis</u>.] <def>Having the
power to increase perspiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*pho*ret"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A medicine or agent which promotes perspiration.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Diaphoretics</i> differ from <i>sudorifics</i>; the
former only increase the insensible perspiration, the latter excite
the sensible discharge called <i>sweat</i>.  <i>Parr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*phote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dia-</i> +
Gr. &?;, light.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An instrument designed for
transmitting pictures by telegraph.</def>  <i>Fallows.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*phragm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diaphragma</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to fence by a partition wall;
<grk>dia`</grk> through + &?;, &?;, to fence, inclose; prob. akin to
L. <i>fareire</i> to stuff: cf. F. <i>diaphragme</i>. See
<u>Farce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dividing membrane or thin
partition, commonly with an opening through it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The muscular and tendinous
partition separating the cavity of the chest from that of the
abdomen; the midriff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A calcareous plate
which divides the cavity of certain shells into two parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A plate with an opening,
which is generally circular, used in instruments to cut off marginal
portions of a beam of light, as at the focus of a
telescope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A partition in any
compartment, for various purposes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diaphragm pump</b></col>, <cd>one in which a flexible
diaphragm takes the place of a piston.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*phrag*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>diaphragmatique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to a diaphragm; as,
<i>diaphragmatic</i> respiration; the <i>diaphragmatic</i> arteries
and nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*aph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a growing
through; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to bring forth.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An abnormal prolongation of the
axis of inflorescence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The shaft, or main part, of
a bone, which is first ossified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`ap*no"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; outlet for
the wind, exhalation, fr. &?; to blow through; <grk>dia`</grk>
through + &?; to blow, breathe: cf. F. <i>diapno&iuml;que</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Slightly increasing an insensible perspiration;
mildly diaphoretic.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gentle
diaphoretic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ap`o*phys"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a diapophysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`a*poph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Dia-</u>, and <u>Apophysis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The dorsal
transverse, or tubercular, process of a vertebra. See
<u>Vertebra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"arch*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk> =
<grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; to rule.] <def>A form of government in
which the supreme power is vested in two persons.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di*a"ri*al</hw> (?), <hw>Di*a"ri*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Diary</u>.] <def>Pertaining to a diary;
daily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who keeps a
diary.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`ar*rhe"a</hw>, <hw>Di`ar*rh&oelig;"a</hw>  },
(d&imacr;`<i>a</i>r*r&emacr;"&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diarrhoea</i>, Gr. <grk>dia`rroia</grk>, fr. <grk>dia`rrei^n</grk>
to flow through; <grk>dia`</grk> + <grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow; akin to
E. <i>stream</i>. See <u>Stream</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbidly
frequent and profuse discharge of loose or fluid evacuations from the
intestines, without tenesmus; a purging or looseness of the bowels; a
flux.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`ar*rhe"al</hw>, <hw>Di`ar*rh&oelig;"al</hw>  }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to diarrhea;
like diarrhea.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`ar*rhet"ic</hw>, <hw>Di`ar*rh&oelig;t"ic</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing diarrhea, or a
purging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`ar*thro"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Relating to diarthrosis, or movable articulations.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`ar*thro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to joint, articulate; <grk>dia`</grk> through, asunder +
&?; to fasten by a joint, <grk>'a`rqron</grk> joint.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A form of articulation which admits of considerable motion; a
complete joint; abarticulation. See <u>Articulation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Diaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>diarium</i>, fr. <i>dies</i>
day. See <u>Deity</u>.] <def>A register of daily events or
transactions; a daily record; a journal; a blank book dated for the
record of daily memoranda; as, a <i>diary</i> of the weather; a
physician's <i>diary</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>lasting for one day;
as, a <i>diary</i> fever.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Diary</i> ague."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; a
scattering; <grk>dia`</grk> through, asunder + &?; to sow, scatter
like seed: cf. F. <i>diaspore</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrate of
alumina, often occurring in white lamellar masses with brilliant
pearly luster; -- so named on account of its decrepitating when
heated before the blowpipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*stase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; separation,
fr. &?;, &?; to stand apart; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?;, &?;, to
stand, set: cf. F. <i>diastase</i>.  Cf. <u>Diastasis</u>.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A soluble, nitrogenous ferment, capable
of converting starch and dextrin into sugar.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is more particularly applied to that ferment
formed during the germination of grain, as in the malting of barley;
but it is also occasionally used to designate the amylolytic ferment
contained in animal fluids, as in the saliva.</p>

<p><hw>Di`a*sta"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or consisting of, diastase; as, <i>diastasic</i>
ferment.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*as"ta*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Diastase</u>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A forcible separation of bones
without fracture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*stat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
separative. See <u>Diastase</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>Relating to diastase; having the properties of diastase;
effecting the conversion of starch into sugar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The influence of acids and alkalies on the
<i>diastatic</i> action of saliva.</blockquote> <i>Lauder
Brunton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*stem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>diastema</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?;: cf. F. <i>diast&egrave;me</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Intervening space; interval.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Anc.
Mus.)</i> <def>An interval.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`a*ste"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Diastem</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A vacant space, or gap, esp.
between teeth in a jaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*as"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk> =
<grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; star.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A double
star; -- applied to the nucleus of a cell, when, during cell
division, the loops of the nuclear network separate into two groups,
preparatory to the formation of two daughter nuclei. See
<u>Karyokinesis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*as"to*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to put asunder, to separate; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to
set, to place.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The
rhythmical expansion or dilatation of the heart and arteries; --
correlative to systole, or contraction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A figure by which a
syllable naturally short is made long.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`as*tol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to diastole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diastylus</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>dia`</grk> through, asunder + &?;
pillar, column: cf. F. <i>diastyle</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See
under <u>Intercolumniation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`a*tes"sa*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?; (sc. &?;); <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?;, gen. of &?; four (sc.
&?;.).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Mus.)</i> <def>The interval of a
fourth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A continuous narrative
arranged from the first four books of the New Testament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An electuary compounded of four
medicines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*ther"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
thoroughly warm; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; warm, hot.  Cf.
<u>Diathermous</u>.] <def>Freely permeable by radiant heat.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`a*ther"man*cy</hw> (?), <hw>Di`a*ther`ma*ne"i*ty</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Diathermanous</u>.] <def>The
property of transmitting radiant heat; the quality of being
diathermous.</def>  <i>Melloni.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*ther"ma*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine or the phenomena of the transmission of radiant heat.</def>
<i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*ther"ma*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to
warm through; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to warm, &?; warm.]
<def>Having the property of transmitting radiant heat; diathermal; --
opposed to <i>athermanous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*ther"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affording a
free passage to heat; as, <i>diathermic</i> substances.</def>
<i>Melloni.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*ther*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
warm + <i>-meter</i>. See <u>Diathermal</u>.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>An instrument for examining the thermal resistance or heat-
conducting power of liquids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*ther"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Diathermal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*ath"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to place separately, arrange; <grk>dia`</grk> through,
asunder + &?; to place, put.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Bodily condition or
constitution, esp. a morbid habit which predisposes to a particular
disease, or class of diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*thet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or dependent on, a diathesis or special constitution of the body;
as, <i>diathetic</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*tom</hw> (d&imacr;`&adot;*t&obreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>dia`tomos</grk> cut in two. See
<u>Diatomous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the
<i>Diatomace&aelig;</i>, a family of minute unicellular Alg&aelig;
having a siliceous covering of great delicacy, each individual
multiplying by spontaneous division. By some authors diatoms are
called <i>Bacillari&aelig;</i>, but this word is not in general
use.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particle or atom endowed with the vital
principle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The individual is nothing. He is no more than the
<i>diatom</i>, the bit of protoplasm.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. E. Lynn
Linton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*tom"ic</hw> (d&imacr;`&adot;*t&obreve;m"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> + <i>atomic</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Containing two atoms.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having two replaceable atoms or
radicals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*at"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dia`tomos</grk> cut through, fr. <grk>diate`mnein</grk> to cut
through; <grk>dia`</grk> through + <grk>te`mnein</grk>  to cut.  Cf.
<u>Diatom</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Having a single, distinct,
diagonal cleavage; -- said of crystals.</def>  <i>Mohs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*ton"ic</hw> (d&imacr;`&adot;*t&obreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>diatonicus</i>, <i>diatonus</i>, Gr. &?;,
&?;, fr. &?; to stretch out; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to
stretch: cf. F. <i>diatonique</i>. See <u>Tone</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the scale of eight tones, the eighth of which is
the octave of the first.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diatonic scale</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a scale
consisting of eight sounds with seven intervals, of which two are
semitones and five are whole tones; a modern major or minor scale, as
distinguished from the <i>chromatic</i> scale.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di`a*ton"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
diatonic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"a*tribe</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diatriba</i> a learned discussion, Gr. &?;, prop., a wearing away
of time, fr. &?; to rub away, spend time; <grk>dia`</grk> through +
&?; to rub: cf. L. <i>terere</i>, F. <i>trite</i>: cf. F.
<i>diatribe</i>.] <def>A prolonged or exhaustive discussion;
especially, an acrimonious or invective harangue; a strain of abusive
or railing language; a philippic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ephemeral <i>diatribe</i> of a
faction.</blockquote> <i>John Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*at"ri*bist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes a diatribe or diatribes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`a*try"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; hole.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct
eocene bird from New Mexico, larger than the ostrich.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`a*zeuc"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Di`a*zeu"tic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; disjunctive, fr. &?; to disjoin;
<grk>dia`</grk> through, asunder + &?; to join, yoke.] <i>(Anc.
Mus.)</i> <def>Disjoining two fourths; as, the <i>diazeutic</i> tone,
which, like that from F to G in modern music, lay between two
fourths, and, being joined to either, made a fifth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*az"o-</hw> (&?;). [Pref. <i>di-</i> + <i>azo-</i>]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form  (also used adjectively),
meaning <i>pertaining to</i>, or <i>derived from</i>, a series of
compounds containing a radical of <i>two nitrogen atoms</i>, united
usually to an aromatic radical; as, <i>diazo-</i>benzene,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.N<sub>2</sub>.OH.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Diazo compounds</i> are in general unstable, but are of
great importance in recent organic chemistry. They are obtained by a
partial reduction of the salts of certain amido compounds.</p>

<p><col><b>Diazo reactions</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a series of
reactions whereby diazo compounds are employed in substitution. These
reactions are of great importance in organic chemistry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*az"o*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To subject to such reactions or processes that diazo compounds,
or their derivatives, shall be produced by chemical exchange or
substitution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dib</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dip.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dib</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of
the small bones in the knee joints of sheep uniting the bones above
and below the joints.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A child's game, played with dib
bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ba"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
<i>basic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having two acid hydrogen atoms
capable of replacement by basic atoms or radicals, in forming salts;
bibasic; -- said of acids, as oxalic or sulphuric acids.  Cf.
<u>Diacid</u>, <u>Bibasic</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the case of certain acids <i>dibasic</i> and
<i>divalent</i> are not synonymous; as, tartaric acid is
<i>tetravalent</i> and <i>dibasic</i>, lactic acid is <i>divalent</i>
but <i>monobasic</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Di`ba*sic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The property or condition of being dibasic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dib"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dibble.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dib"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dibble</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A pointed implement used to make holes
in the ground in which no set out plants or to plant seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dibbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dibbling</u> (?).] [Freq. of Prov. E. <i>dib</i>, for <i>dip</i>
to thrust in. See <u>Dip</u>.] <def>To dib or dip frequently, as in
angling.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To plant with a dibble; to make holes in (soil) with a dibble,
for planting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make holes or indentations in, as if
with a dibble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The clayey soil around it was <i>dibbled</i> thick at
the time by the tiny hoofs of sheep.</blockquote> <i>H.
Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dib"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, dibbles, or makes holes in the ground for seed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; gills.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of cephalopods which includes those
with two gills, an apparatus for emitting an inky fluid, and either
eight or ten cephalic arms bearing suckers or hooks, as the octopi
and squids. See <u>Cephalopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having two gills.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Dibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><! p. 408 !></p>

<p><hw>Dibs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sweet preparation
or treacle of grape juice, much used in the East.</def>
<i>Johnston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dib"stone`</hw> (?; 110), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pebble
used in a child's game called <i>dibstones</i>.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*bu"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
<i>butyl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon,
C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>18</sub>, of the marsh-gas series, being one of
several octanes, and consisting of two butyl radicals.  Cf.
<u>Octane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ca"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dicax</i>,
<i>dicacis</i>, fr. <i>dicere</i> to say.] <def>Talkative; pert;
saucy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*cac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dicacitas</i>: cf. F. <i>dicacit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Dicacious</u>.] <def>Pertness; sauciness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*cal"cic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
<i>calcic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having two atoms or equivalents
of calcium to the molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`car*bon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>carbonic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing two carbon
residues, or two carboxyl or radicals; as, oxalic acid is a
<i>dicarbonic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"cast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
judge, &?; right, judgment, justice.] <def>A functionary in ancient
Athens answering nearly to the modern juryman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*cas"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
juryman. See <u>Dicast</u>.] <def>A court of justice; judgment
hall.</def> [R.]  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> of
<plw><b>Die</b></plw>. <def>Small cubes used in gaming or in
determining by chance; also, the game played with dice. See
<u>Die</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Dice coal</b></col>, <cd>a kind of coal easily splitting
into cubical fragments.</cd>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i>

</p>

<p><hw>Dice</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Diced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dicing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play games with
dice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . <i>diced</i> not above seven times a
week.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ornament with squares, diamonds, or
cubes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dice"box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A box from which
dice are thrown in gaming.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Di*cen"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; spur.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of herbaceous plants, with racemes of two-spurred or
heart-shaped flowers, including the Dutchman's breeches, and the more
showy Bleeding heart (<i>D. spectabilis</i>).</def> [Corruptly
written <i>dielytra</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; head.] <def>Having two
heads on one body; double-headed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A player at dice; a
dice player; a gamester.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As false as <i>dicers'</i> oaths.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dich</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ditch.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*chas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to part
asunder, fr. &?; in two, asunder, fr. <grk>di`s-</grk> twice.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Capable of subdividing spontaneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`chla*myd"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-
</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?;, &?;, a cloak.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having two coverings, a calyx and in corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*chlo"ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>chloride</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Bichloride</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*chog"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Manifesting dichogamy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*chog"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; in two,
asunder + &?; marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The condition of certain
species of plants, in which the stamens and pistil do not mature
simultaneously, so that these plants can never fertilize
themselves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*chot"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dichotomizes.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*chot"o*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dichotomized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dichotomizing</u> (?).] [See <u>Dichotomous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut into two parts; to part into two
divisions; to divide into pairs; to bisect.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The apostolical benediction <i>dichotomizes</i> all
good things into grace and peace.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>To exhibit as a half
disk. See <u>Dichotomy</u>, 3.</def> "[The moon] was
<i>dichotomized</i>."  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*chot"o*mize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To separate
into two parts; to branch dichotomously; to become
dichotomous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*chot"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dichotomos</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; in two, asunder +
<grk>diate`mnein</grk> to cut.] <def>Regularly dividing by pairs from
bottom to top; as, a <i>dichotomous</i> stem.</def> --
<wf>Di*chot"o*mous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Di*chot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>dichotomie</i>. See <u>Dichotomous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cutting in two; a division.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A general breach or <i>dichotomy</i> with their
church.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Division or distribution of genera into
two species; division into two subordinate parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>That phase of the moon in
which it appears bisected, or shows only half its disk, as at the
quadratures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Successive division and
subdivision, as of a stem of a plant or a vein of the body, into two
parts as it proceeds from its origin; successive
bifurcation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The place where a stem or vein is
forked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Division into two;
especially, the division of a class into two subclasses opposed to
each other by contradiction, as the division of the term <i>man</i>
into <i>white</i> and <i>not white</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*chro"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dichroism</u>.] <def>Having the property of dichroism; as, a
<i>dichroic</i> crystal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*chro"i*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Dichroscope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"chro*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; two-
colored; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; color.]
<i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The property of presenting different colors by
transmitted light, when viewed in two different directions, the
colors being unlike in the direction of unlike or unequal
axes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"chro*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dichroism</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Iolite; -- so called from its
presenting two different colors when viewed in two different
directions. See <u>Iolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`chro*it"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Dichroic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*chro"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of chromic acid containing two equivalents of the acid
radical to one of the base; -- called also
<i>bichromate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`chro*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-
</i> + <i>chromatic</i>: cf. Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
or exhibiting two colors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having two color
varieties, or two phases differing in color, independently of age or
sex, as in certain birds and insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*chro"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being dichromatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*chro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; two-
colored; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; color.]
<def>Furnishing or giving two colors; -- said of defective vision, in
which all the compound colors are resolvable into two elements
instead of three.</def>  <i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"chro*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Dichroic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"chro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-
</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; color + &?; to view.] <def>An
instrument for examining the dichroism of crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`chro*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to the dichroscope, or to observations with it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An ornamenting in squares or cubes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gambling with dice.</def>  <i>J. R.
Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dick*cis"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American black-throated bunting
(<i>Spiza Americana</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Dick"ens</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. or interj.</i></pos> [Perh. a
contr. of the dim. <i>devilkins</i>.] <def>The devil.</def> [A vulgar
euphemism.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I can not tell what the <i>dickens</i> his name
is.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>daker</i>,
<i>dakir</i>; akin to Icel. <i>dekr</i>, Dan. <i>deger</i>, G.
<i>decher</i>; all prob. from LL. <i>dacra</i>, <i>dacrum</i>, the
number ten, akin to L. <i>decuria</i> a division consisting of ten,
fr. <i>decem</i> ten. See <u>Ten</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
number or quantity of ten, particularly ten hides or skins; a dakir;
as, a <i>dicker</i> of gloves.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>dicker</i> of cowhides.</blockquote>
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A chaffering, barter, or exchange, of
small wares; as, to make a <i>dicker</i>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For peddling <i>dicker</i>, not for honest
sales.</blockquote> <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dick"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To negotiate a
dicker; to barter.</def> [U.S.] "Ready to <i>dicker</i>. and to
swap."  <i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dick"ey</hw>, <hw>Dick"y</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A seat behind a carriage, for a
servant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A false shirt front or bosom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gentleman's shirt collar.</def> [Local,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*clin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk>
= <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; to incline.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i>
<def>Having two of the intersections between the three axes oblique.
See <u>Crystallization</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dic"li*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; = &?;
bed.] <def>Having the stamens and pistils in separate flowers.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*coc"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk>
= <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; grain, seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Composed of two coherent, one-seeded carpels; as, a
<i>dicoccous</i> capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*cot`y*le"don</hw>
(d&isl;*k&obreve;t`&ibreve;*l&emacr;"d&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> + <i>cotyledon</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant whose seeds divide into two seed lobes, or
cotyledons, in germinating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*cot`y*le"don*ous</hw> (-l&ebreve;d"&ubreve;n*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two cotyledons or seed
lobes; as, a <i>dicotyledonous</i> plant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di"cro*tal</hw> (?), <hw>Di"cro*tous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a double beating.]
<def>Dicrotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*crot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; = &?; to
knock, beat.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to dicrotism; as, a <i>dicrotic</i> pulse.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the second expansion of
the artery in the dicrotic pulse; as, the <i>dicrotic</i>
wave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"cro*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>A condition in which there are two beats or waves of the
arterial pulse to each beat of the heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dic"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Dictum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dic*ta"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr.
<i>dictare</i> to dictate.] <def>A dictation or dictate.</def> [R.]
<i>Falkland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dic*tam"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Dittany</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A suffrutescent, <i>D.
Fraxinella</i> (the only species), with strong perfume and showy
flowers. The volatile oil of the leaves is highly
inflammable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dic"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dictated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dictating</u>.] [L. <i>dictatus</i>, p. p. of <i>dictare</i>,
freq. of <i>dicere</i> to say. See <u>Diction</u>, and cf.
<u>Dight</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tell or utter so that
another may write down; to inspire; to compose; as, to <i>dictate</i>
a letter to an amanuensis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind which <i>dictated</i> the Iliad.</blockquote>
<i>Wayland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pages <i>dictated</i> by the Holy Spirit.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To say; to utter; to communicate
authoritatively; to deliver (a command) to a subordinate; to declare
with authority; to impose; as, to <i>dictate</i> the terms of a
treaty; a general <i>dictates</i> orders to his troops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever is <i>dictated</i> to us by God must be
believed.</blockquote> <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To suggest; prescribe; enjoin; command; point out;
urge; admonish.</p>

<p><hw>Dic"tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To speak as a superior; to command; to impose conditions
(on).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who presumed to <i>dictate</i> to the
sovereign.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To compose literary works; to tell what
shall be written or said by another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sylla could not skill of letters, and therefore knew
not how to <i>dictate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dic"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dictatum</i>.
See <u>Dictate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A statement
delivered with authority; an order; a command; an authoritative rule,
principle, or maxim; a prescription; as, listen to the
<i>dictates</i> of your conscience; the <i>dictates</i> of the
gospel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I credit what the Grecian <i>dictates</i>
say.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Command; injunction; direction suggestion; impulse;
admonition.</p>

<p><hw>Dic*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dictatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of dictating; the
act or practice of prescribing; also that which is
dictated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It affords security against the <i>dictation</i> of
laws.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The speaking to, or the giving orders to,
in an overbearing manner; authoritative utterance; as, his habit,
even with friends, was that of <i>dictation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dic*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who dictates; one who prescribes rules
and maxims authoritatively for the direction of others.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One invested with absolute authority;
especially, a magistrate created in times of exigence and distress,
and invested with unlimited power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Invested with the authority of a <i>dictator</i>, nay,
of a pope, over our language.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dic`ta*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dictatorial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining or suited to
a dictator; absolute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Military powers quite <i>dictatorial</i>.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of a dictator; imperious;
dogmatical; overbearing; as, a <i>dictatorial</i> tone or
manner.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dic`ta*to"ri*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dic`ta*to"ri*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dic`ta*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Dictatorial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dic*ta"tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office, or the term of office, of a dictator; hence, absolute
power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dic"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dictatorius</i>.] <def>Dogmatical; overbearing; dictatorial.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dic*ta"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
dictates or commands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Earth's chief <i>dictatress</i>, ocean's mighty
queen.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dic*ta"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
dictatress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dic*ta"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dictatura</i>: cf. F. <i>dictature</i>.] <def>Office of a
dictator; dictatorship.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dicto</i> a
saying, a word, fr. <i>dicere</i>, <i>dictum</i>, to say; akin to
<i>dicare</i> to proclaim, and to E. <i>teach</i>, <i>token</i>: cf.
F. <i>diction</i>. See <u>Teach</u>, and cf. <u>Benison</u>,
<u>Dedicate</u>, <u>Index</u>, <u>Judge</u>, <u>Preach</u>,
<u>Vengeance</u>.] <def>Choice of words for the expression of ideas;
the construction, disposition, and application of words in discourse,
with regard to clearness, accuracy, variety, etc.; mode of
expression; language; as, the <i>diction</i> of Chaucer's
poems.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>diction</i> blazes up into a sudden explosion
of prophetic grandeur.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Diction</u>, <u>Style</u>, <u>Phraseology</u>.
<i>Style</i> relates both to language and thought; <i>diction</i>, to
language only; <i>phraseology</i>, to the mechanical structure of
sentences, or the mode in which they are <i>phrased</i>. The
<i>style</i> of Burke was enriched with all the higher graces of
composition; his <i>diction</i> was varied and copious; his
<i>phraseology</i>, at times, was careless and cumbersome.
"<i>Diction</i> is a general term applicable alike to a single
sentence or a connected composition. Errors in grammar, false
construction, a confused disposition of words, or an improper
application of them, constitute bad <i>diction</i>; but the niceties,
the elegancies, the peculiarities, and the beauties of composition,
which mark the genius and talent of the writer, are what is
comprehended under the name of <i>style</i>."  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dic`tion*al"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
lexicographer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dic"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dictionaries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>dictionnaire</i>. See
<u>Diction</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A book containing the words
of a language, arranged alphabetically, with explanations of their
meanings; a lexicon; a vocabulary; a wordbook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I applied myself to the perusal of our writers; and
noting whatever might be of use to ascertain or illustrate any word
or phrase, accumulated in time the materials of a
<i>dictionary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a book containing the words
belonging to any system or province of knowledge, arranged
alphabetically; as, a <i>dictionary</i> of medicine or of botany; a
biographical <i>dictionary</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dic"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Dicta</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Dictums</b></plw> (#). [L.,
neuter of <i>dictus</i>, p. p. of <i>dicere</i> to say. See
<u>Diction</u>, and cf. <u>Ditto</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
authoritative statement; a dogmatic saying; an apothegm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A class of critical <i>dicta</i> everywhere
current.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
judicial opinion expressed by judges on points that do not
necessarily arise in the case, and are not involved in it.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(French Law)</i> <def>The report of a judgment
made by one of the judges who has given it.</def> <i>Bouvier.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An arbitrament or award.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dic*ty"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a net +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant with net-veined leaves, and
monocotyledonous embryos, belonging to the class
<i>Dictyogen&aelig;</i>, proposed by Lindley for the orders
<i>Dioscoreace&aelig;</i>, <i>Smilace&aelig;</i>,
<i>Trilliace&aelig;</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*cy"a*nide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>cyan</i>ogen.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound of a binary type
containing two cyanogen groups or radicals; -- called also
<i>bicyanide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`cy*e"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; an embryo.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of worms parasitic in cephalopods.
They are remarkable for the extreme simplicity of their structure.
The embryo exists in two forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`cy*e"mid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or belonging to the Dicyemata.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Dicyemata.</def></p>

<p><! p. 409 !></p>

<p><hw>Di*cyn"o*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-
</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; dog + <grk>'odoy`s</grk>,
<grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of a group of
extinct reptiles having the jaws armed with a horny beak, as in
turtles, and in the genus <i>Dicynodon</i>, supporting also a pair of
powerful tusks. Their remains are found in triassic strata of South
Africa and India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Did</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Do</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di*dac"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Di*dac"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to teach; akin to L.
<i>docere</i> to teach: cf. F. <i>didactique</i>. See <u>Docile</u>.]
<def>Fitted or intended to teach; conveying instruction; preceptive;
instructive; teaching some moral lesson; as, <i>didactic</i>
essays.</def> "<i>Didactical</i> writings."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The finest <i>didactic</i> poem in any
language.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*dac"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A treatise on
teaching or education.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*dac"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
didactic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*dac"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
didactic method or system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`dac*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Aptitude
for teaching.</def>  <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*dac"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
science of teaching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*dac"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk>
= <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; finger, toe: cf. F. <i>didactyle</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal having only two digits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having only two digits; two-toed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
triangular spade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Di"dap`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>divedapper</i>. See <u>Dive</u>, <u>Dap</u>, <u>Dip</u>, and cf.
<u>Dabchick</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Dabchick</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*das"ca*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Didascalic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di`das*cal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>didascalius</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to teach: cf. F.
<i>didascalique</i>.] <def>Didactic; preceptive.</def> [R.]
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Did"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Daddle</u>.]
<def>To totter, as a child in walking.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Did"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Perh. from AS.
<i>dyderian</i> to deceive, the letter <i>r</i> being changed to
<i>l</i>.] <def>To cheat or overreach.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Did"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cheat.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Jeremy Diddler</b></col>, <cd>a character in a play by
James Kenney, entitled "Raising the wind." The name is applied to any
needy, tricky, constant borrower; a confidence man.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Di*del"phi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; = &?; matrix, uterus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The subclass
of Mammalia which includes the marsupials. See
<u>Marsupialia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*del"phi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or relating to the Didelphia.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Didelphia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*del"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the uterus double; of or pertaining to the
Didelphia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*del"phid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Didelphic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*del"phid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A marsupial animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*del"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Didelphic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*del"phyc</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Didelphic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*del"phys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Didelphia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Formerly, any marsupial;
but the term is now restricted to an American genus which includes
the opossums, of which there are many species. See <u>Opossum</u>.
[Written also <i>Didelphis</i>.] See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def>  <i>Cuvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or pertaining to the genus <i>Didus</i>, or the
dodo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Didos</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A shrewd trick; an antic; a
caper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To cut a dido</b></col>, <cd>to play a trick; to cut a
caper; -- perhaps so called from the trick of Dido, who having bought
so much land as a hide would cover, is said to have cut it into thin
strips long enough to inclose a spot for a citadel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Di*do"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So called in
allusion to the classical story of Dido and the bull's hide.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The curve which on a given surface and with a
given perimeter contains the greatest area.</def>  <i>Tait.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di"drachm</hw> (?), <hw>Di*drach"ma</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk>
twice + &?; a drachm.] <def>A two-drachma piece; an ancient Greek
silver coin, worth nearly forty cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Didst</hw> (?), <def>the <pos><i>2d pers. sing. imp.</i></pos>
of <u>Do</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*duce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Diduction;
separation into distinct parts.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diductio</i>, fr. <i>diducere</i>, <i>diductum</i>, to draw apart;
<i>di-</i> = <i>dis-</i> + <i>ducere</i> to lead, draw.] <def>The act
of drawing apart; separation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"dym</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Didymium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*dym"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
twin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic substance usually
associated with the metal cerium; -- hence its name. It was formerly
supposed to be an element, but has since been found to consist of two
simpler elementary substances, neodymium and praseodymium. See
<u>Neodymium</u>, and <u>Praseodymium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Did"y*mous</hw> (d&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*m&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di`dymos</grk> twofold, twin.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing in pairs or twins.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Did`y*na"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; power.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of plants having four
stamens disposed in pairs of unequal length.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Did`y*na"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Didynamous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*dyn"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Didynamia; containing four stamens
disposed in pairs of unequal length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Die</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Died</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dying</u>.] [OE. <i>deyen</i>, <i>dien</i>, of Scand. origin; cf.
Icel. <i>deyja</i>; akin to Dan. <i>d&ouml;e</i>, Sw. <i>d&ouml;</i>,
Goth. <i>diwan</i> (cf. Goth. <i>afd&?;jan</i> to harass), OFries.
<i>d&?;ia</i> to kill, OS. <i>doian</i> to die, OHG. <i>touwen</i>,
OSlav. <i>daviti</i> to choke, Lith. <i>dovyti</i> to torment.  Cf.
<u>Dead</u>, <u>Death</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass from an
animate to a lifeless state; to cease to live; to suffer a total and
irreparable loss of action of the vital functions; to become dead; to
expire; to perish; -- said of animals and vegetables; often with
<i>of</i>, <i>by</i>, <i>with</i>, <i>from</i>, and rarely
<i>for</i>, before the cause or occasion of death; as, to <i>die</i>
of disease or hardships; to <i>die</i> by fire or the sword; to
<i>die</i> with horror at the thought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>die</i> by the roadside of grief and
hunger.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She will <i>die</i> from want of care.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suffer death; to lose life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In due time Christ <i>died</i> for the
ungodly.</blockquote> <i>Rom. v. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To perish in any manner; to cease; to
become lost or extinct; to be extinguished.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Letting the secret <i>die</i> within his own
breast.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Great deeds can not <i>die</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To sink; to faint; to pine; to languish,
with weakness, discouragement, love, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His heart <i>died</i> within, and he became as a
stone.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xxv. 37.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The young men acknowledged, in love letters, that they
<i>died</i> for Rebecca.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To become indifferent; to cease to be
subject; as, to <i>die</i> to pleasure or to sin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To recede and grow fainter; to become
imperceptible; to vanish; -- often with <i>out</i> or
<i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blemishes may <i>die</i> away and disappear amidst the
brightness.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>To disappear gradually in
another surface, as where moldings are lost in a sloped or curved
face.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To become vapid, flat, or spiritless, as
liquor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To die in the last ditch</b></col>, <cd>to fight till
death; to die rather than surrender.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>"There is one certain way," replied the Prince
[William of Orange] " by which I can be sure never to see my
country's ruin, -- I <i>will die in the last ditch</i>."</blockquote>
<i>Hume (Hist. of Eng. ).</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To die out</b></col>, <cd>to cease gradually; as, the
prejudice has <i>died out</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To expire; decease; perish; depart; vanish.</p>

<p><hw>Die</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> in 1 and (usually)
in 2, <plw><b>Dice</b></plw> (d&imacr;s); in 4 &amp; 5,
<plw><b>Dies</b></plw> (d&imacr;z). [OE. <i>dee</i>, <i>die</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>datus</i> given, thrown, p. p. of
<i>dare</i> to give, throw. See <u>Date</u> a point of time.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small cube, marked on its faces with spots
from one to six, and used in playing games by being shaken in a box
and thrown from it. See <u>Dice</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any small cubical or square
body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Words . . . pasted upon little flat tablets or
<i>dies</i>.</blockquote> <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is, or might be, determined, by
a throw of the die; hazard; chance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such is the <i>die</i> of war.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>That part of a pedestal
included between base and cornice; the dado.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A metal
or plate (often one of a pair) so cut or shaped as to give a certain
desired form to, or impress any desired device on, an object or
surface, by pressure or by a blow; used in forging metals, coining,
striking up sheet metal, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
perforated block, commonly of hardened steel used in connection with
a punch, for punching holes, as through plates, or blanks from
plates, or for forming cups or capsules, as from sheet metal, by
drawing.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A hollow internally threaded
screw-cutting tool, made in one piece or composed of several parts,
for forming screw threads on bolts, etc.; one of the separate parts
which make up such a tool.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cutting die</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a thin, deep
steel frame, sharpened to a cutting edge, for cutting out articles
from leather, cloth, paper, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>The die is
cast</b></col>, <cd>the hazard must be run; the step is taken, and it
is too late to draw back; the last chance is taken.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*e"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Di*e"cious</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Di&oelig;cian</u>, and <u>Di&oelig;cious</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*e"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>The same as
<u>Dihedral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`e*ge"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to narrate; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to lead.]
<def>A narrative or history; a recital or relation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dia-
</i> + <i>electric</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Any substance or medium
that transmits the electric force by a process different from
conduction, as in the phenomena of induction; a nonconductor.
separating a body electrified by induction, from the electrifying
body.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*el"y*tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Dicentra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`en*ceph"a*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Dia-</u>, and <u>Encephalon</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
interbrain or thalamencephalon; -- sometimes abbreviated to
<i>dien</i>. See <u>Thalamencephalon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*er"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>Same
as <u>Di&aelig;resis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Die"sink`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An engraver of
dies for stamping coins, medals, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Die"sink`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of
engraving dies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di"es I"r&aelig;</hw> (?). <def>Day of wrath; -- the name
and beginning of a famous medi&aelig;val Latin hymn on the Last
Judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dieses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to let go
through, dissolve; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to let go, send.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small interval, less than any
in actual practice, but used in the mathematical calculation of
intervals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The mark &Dagger;; --
called also <i>double dagger</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di"es ju*rid"i*cus</hw> (?); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Dies
juridici</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A court day.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di"es non"</hw> (?). [L. <i>dies non juridicus</i>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A day on which courts are not held, as Sunday or
any legal holiday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Die"stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stock to hold
the dies used for cutting screws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>di&egrave;te</i>,
L. <i>diaeta</i>, fr. Gr. &?; manner of living.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Course of living or nourishment; what is eaten and drunk
habitually; food; victuals; fare.</def> "No inconvenient
<i>diet</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A course of food selected with reference
to a particular state of health; prescribed allowance of food;
regimen prescribed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To fast like one that takes <i>diet</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Diet kitchen</b></col>, <cd>a kitchen in which diet is
prepared for invalids; a charitable establishment that provides
proper food for the sick poor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dieted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dieting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to take food; to
feed.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to eat and drink sparingly, or by
prescribed rules; to regulate medicinally the food of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>diets</i> him with fasting every
day.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
eat; to take one's meals.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let him . . . <i>diet</i> in such places, where there
is good company of the nation, where he traveleth.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To eat according to prescribed rules; to
ear sparingly; as, the doctor says he must <i>diet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"et</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>di&egrave;te</i>, LL.
<i>dieta</i>, <i>diaeta</i>, an assembly, a day's journey; the same
word as <i>diet</i> course of living, but with the sense changed by
L. <i>dies</i> day: cf. G. <i>tag</i> day&?; and <u>Reichstag</u>.]
<def>A legislative or administrative assembly in Germany, Poland, and
some other countries of Europe; a deliberative convention; a council;
as, the <i>Diet</i> of Worms, held in 1521.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`e*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
lives in accordance with prescribed rules for diet; a
dieter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"et*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
diet, or to the rules of diet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"et*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dietaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A rule of diet; a fixed
allowance of food, as in workhouse, prison, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"et*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who diets;
one who prescribes, or who partakes of, food, according to hygienic
rules.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`e*tet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Di`e*tet"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>di&eacute;t&eacute;tique</i>. See <u>Diet</u>.] <def>Of or
performance to diet, or to the rules for regulating the kind and
quantity of food to be eaten.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`e*tet"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dietetical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`e*tet"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That part of
the medical or hygienic art which relates to diet or food; rules for
diet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To suppose that the whole of <i>dietetics</i> lies in
determining whether or not bread is more nutritive than
potatoes.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`e*tet"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A physician who
applies the rules of dietetics to the cure of diseases.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*eth`yl*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-
</i> + <i>ethylamine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, volatile,
alkaline liquid, NH(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, having a
strong fishy odor resembling that of herring or sardines.  Cf.
<u>Methylamine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*et"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Dietetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*et"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Dietetic.</def> [R.]  <i>Ferrand.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"et*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>di&eacute;tine</i>.] <def>A subordinate or local assembly; a diet
of inferior rank.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di"et*ist</hw> (?), <hw>Di`e*ti"tian</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in dietetics.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dif*fame`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Defame</u>.]
<def>Evil name; bad reputation; defamation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif*far`re*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diffarreatio</i>; <i>dif-</i> =  <i>farreum</i> a spelt cake. See
<u>Confarreation</u>.] <def>A form of divorce, among the ancient
Romans, in which a cake was used. See <u>Confarreation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Differed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Differing</u>.] [L. <i>differre</i>; <i>dif- = dis-</i> +
<i>ferre</i> to bear, carry: cf. F. <i>diff&eacute;rer</i>. See 1st
<u>Bear</u>, and cf. <u>Defer</u>, <u>Delay</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be or stand apart; to disagree; to be unlike; to be
distinguished; -- with <i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One star <i>differeth</i> from another star in
glory.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xv. 41.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Minds <i>differ</i>, as rivers
<i>differ</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be of unlike or opposite opinion; to
disagree in sentiment; -- often with <i>from</i> or
<i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have a difference, cause of variance,
or quarrel; to dispute; to contend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We 'll never <i>differ</i> with a crowded
pit.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To vary; disagree; dissent; dispute; contend;
oppose; wrangle.  -- To <u>Differ with</u>, <u>Differ from</u>. Both
<i>differ from</i> and <i>aiffer with</i> are used in reference to
opinions; as, "I <i>differ from</i> you or <i>with</i> you in that
opinion."" In all other cases, expressing simple unlikeness,
<i>differ from</i> is used; as, these two persons or things
<i>differ</i> entirely <i>from</i> each other.</p>

<p><blockquote>Severely punished, not for <i>differing from</i> us in
opinion, but for committing a nuisance.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Davidson, whom on a former occasion we quoted, to
<i>differ from</i> him.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Much as I <i>differ from</i> him concerning an
essential part of the historic basis of religion.</blockquote>
<i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>differ with</i> the honorable gentleman on that
point.</blockquote> <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If the honorable gentleman <i>differs with</i> me on
that subject, I <i>differ</i> as heartily <i>with</i> him, and shall
always rejoice to differ.</blockquote> <i>Canning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif"fer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to be
different or unlike; to set at variance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But something 'ts that <i>differs</i> thee and
me.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif"fer*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>diff&eacute;rence</i>, L. <i>differentia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of differing; the state or measure of being different or
unlike; distinction; dissimilarity; unlikeness; variation; as, a
<i>difference</i> of quality in paper; a <i>difference</i> in degrees
of heat, or of light; what is the <i>difference</i> between the
innocent and the guilty?</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Differencies</i> of administration, but the same
Lord.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disagreement in opinion; dissension;
controversy; quarrel; hence, cause of dissension; matter in
controversy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What was the <i>difference</i>? It was a contention in
public.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Away therefore went I with the constable, leaving the
old warden and the young constable to compose their <i>difference</i>
as they could.</blockquote> <i>T. Ellwood.</i></p>

<p><! p. 410 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That by which one thing differs from
another; that which distinguishes or causes to differ; mark of
distinction; characteristic quality; specific attribute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The marks and <i>differences</i> of
sovereignty.</blockquote> <i>Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Choice; preference.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That now he chooseth with vile <i>difference</i><BR>
To be a beast, and lack intelligence.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>An addition to a coat of
arms to distinguish the bearings of two persons, which would
otherwise be the same. See <u>Augmentation</u>, and <i>Marks of
cadency</i>, under <u>Cadency</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The quality or attribute
which is added to those of the genus to constitute a species; a
differentia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The quantity by which one
quantity differs from another, or the remainder left after
subtracting the one from the other.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ascensional difference</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Ascensional</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Distinction; dissimilarity; dissimilitude;
variation; diversity; variety; contrariety; disagreement; variance;
contest; contention; dispute; controversy; debate; quarrel; wrangle;
strife.</p>

<p><hw>Dif"fer*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Differenced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Differencing</u>.] <def>To cause to differ; to make
different; to mark as different; to distinguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou mayest <i>difference</i> gods from
men.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Kings, in receiving justice and undergoing trial, are
not <i>differenced</i> from the meanest subject.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So completely <i>differenced</i> by their separate and
individual characters that we at once acknowledge them as distinct
persons.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif"fer*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>differens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>differre</i>: cf. F.
<i>diff&eacute;rent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Distinct; separate;
not the same; other.</def> "Five <i>different</i> churches."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of various or contrary nature, form, or
quality; partially or totally unlike; dissimilar; as,
<i>different</i> kinds of food or drink; <i>different</i> states of
health; <i>different</i> shapes; <i>different</i> degrees of
excellence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men are as <i>different</i> from each other, as the
regions in which they are born are <i>different</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Different</i> is properly followed by <i>from</i>.
<i>Different to</i>, for <i>different from</i>, is a common English
colloquialism. <i>Different than</i> is quite inadmissible.</p>

<p><hw>||Dif`fer*en"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Differenti&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Difference</u>.]
<i>(Logic)</i> <def>The formal or distinguishing part of the essence
of a species; the characteristic attribute of a species; specific
difference.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif`fer*en"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>diff&eacute;rentiel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to or
indicating a difference; creating a difference; discriminating;
special; as, <i>differential</i> characteristics; <i>differential</i>
duties; a <i>differential</i> rate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For whom he produced <i>differential</i>
favors.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
differential, or to differentials.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Relating to differences of
motion or leverage; producing effects by such differences; said of
mechanism.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Differential calculus</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Calculus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Differential
coefficient</b></col>, <cd>the limit of the ratio of the increment of
a function of a variable to the increment of the variable itself,
when these increments are made indefinitely small.</cd> --
<col><b>Differential coupling</b></col>, <cd>a form of slip coupling
used in light machinery to regulate at pleasure the velocity of the
connected shaft.</cd> -- <col><b>Differential duties</b></col>
<i>(Polit. Econ.)</i>, <cd>duties which are not imposed equally upon
the same products imported from different countries.</cd> --
<col><b>Differential galvanometer</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a
galvanometer having two coils or circuits, usually equal, through
which currents passing in opposite directions are measured by the
difference of their effect upon the needle.</cd> --
<col><b>Differential gearing</b></col>, <cd>a train of toothed
wheels, usually an epicyclic train, so arranged as to constitute a
<i>differential motion</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Differential
motion</b></col>, <cd>a mechanism in which a simple
<i>differential</i> combination produces such a change of motion or
force as would, with ordinary compound arrangements, require a
considerable train of parts. It is used for overcoming great
resistance or producing very slow or very rapid motion.</cd> --
<col><b>Differential pulley</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A portable hoisting apparatus, the same in
principle as the differential windlass.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A hoisting pulley to which power is applied through a
differential gearing.</cd> -- <col><b>Differential screw</b></col>,
<cd>a compound screw by which a motion is produced equal to the
difference of the motions of the component screws.</cd> --
<col><b>Differential thermometer</b></col>, <cd>a thermometer usually
with a U-shaped tube terminating in two air bulbs, and containing a
colored liquid, used for indicating the difference between the
temperatures to which the two bulbs are exposed, by the change of
position of the colored fluid, in consequence of the different
expansions of the air in the bulbs. A graduated scale is attached to
one leg of the tube.</cd> -- <col><b>Differential windlass</b></col>,
<i>or</i> <col><b>Chinese windlass</b></col>, <cd>a windlass whose
barrel has two parts of different diameters. The hoisting rope winds
upon one part as it unwinds from the other, and a pulley sustaining
the weight to be lifted hangs in the bight of the rope. It is an
ancient example of a differential motion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dif`fer*en"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>An increment, usually an indefinitely small one,
which is given to a variable quantity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; According to the more modern writers upon the differential
and integral calculus, if two or more quantities are dependent on
each other, and subject to increments of value, their
<i>differentials</i> need not be small, but are any quantities whose
ratios to each other are the limits to which the ratios of the
increments approximate, as these increments are reduced nearer and
nearer to zero.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small difference in rates which
competing railroad lines, in establishing a common tariff, allow one
of their number to make, in order to get a fair share of the
business. The lower rate is called a <i>differential</i> rate.
Differentials are also sometimes granted to cities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
two coils of conducting wire so related to one another or to a magnet
or armature common to both, that one coil produces polar action
contrary to that of the other.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A form
of conductor used for dividing and distributing the current to a
series of electric lamps so as to maintain equal action in all.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Partial differential</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the
differential of a function of two or more variables, when only one of
the variables receives an increment.</cd> -- <col><b>Total
differential</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the differential of a
function of two or more variables, when each of the variables
receives an increment. The <i>total differential</i> of the function
is the sum of all the <i>partial differentials</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dif`fer*en"tial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
the way of differentiation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif`fer*en"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To distinguish or mark by a specific
difference; to effect a difference in, as regards classification; to
develop differential characteristics in; to specialize; to
desynonymize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word <i>then</i> was <i>differentiated</i> into
the two forms <i>then</i> and <i>than</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two or more of the forms assumed by the same original
word become <i>differentiated</i> in signification.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. Murray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express the specific difference of; to
describe the properties of (a thing) whereby it is differenced from
another of the same class; to discriminate.</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To obtain the differential,
or differential coefficient, of; as, to <i>differentiate</i> an
algebraic expression, or an equation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif`fer*en"ti*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>To acquire a distinct and separate character.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif`fer*en`ti*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of differentiating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Further investigation of the Sanskrit may lead to
<i>differentiation</i> of the meaning of such of these roots as are
real roots.</blockquote> <i>J. Peile.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The act of distinguishing
or describing a thing, by giving its different, or specific
difference; exact definition or determination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The gradual formation or
production of organs or parts by a process of evolution or
development, as when the seed develops the root and the stem, the
initial stem develops the leaf, branches, and flower buds; or in
animal life, when the germ evolves the digestive and other organs and
members, or when the animals as they advance in organization acquire
special organs for specific purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The supposed act or
tendency in being of every kind, whether organic or inorganic, to
assume or produce a more complex structure or functions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif`fer*en"ti*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, differentiates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif"fer*ent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
different manner; variously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif"fer*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
differing or different manner.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif"fi*cile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>difficilis</i>: cf. F. <i>difficile</i>. See <u>Difficult</u>.]
<def>Difficult; hard to manage; stubborn.</def> [Obs.] --
<wf>Dif"fi*cile*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif`fi*cil"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
make difficult.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif"fi*cult</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Difficulty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hard to do or to make;
beset with difficulty; attended with labor, trouble, or pains; not
easy; arduous.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Difficult</i> implies the notion that considerable
mental effort or skill is required, or that obstacles are to be
overcome which call for sagacity and skill in the agent; as, a
<i>difficult</i> task; hard work is not always <i>difficult</i> work;
a <i>difficult</i> operation in surgery; a <i>difficult</i> passage
in an author.</p>

<p><blockquote>There is not the strength or courage left me to
venture into the wide, strange, and <i>difficult</i> world,
alone.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hard to manage or to please; not easily
wrought upon; austere; stubborn; as, a <i>difficult</i>
person.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Arduous; painful; crabbed; perplexed; laborious;
unaccommodating; troublesome. See <u>Arduous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dif"fi*cult</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
difficult; to impede; to perplex.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif"fi*cult*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render difficult; to difficilitate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif"fi*cult*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
difficulty.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif"fi*cult*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Difficulty.</def> [R.]  <i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif"fi*cul*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Difficulties</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>difficultas</i>, fr.
<i>difficilis</i> difficult; <i>dif-</i> <i>= dis-</i> +
<i>facilis</i> easy: cf. F. <i>difficult&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Facile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being difficult,
or hard to do; hardness; arduousness; -- opposed to <i>easiness</i>
or <i>facility</i>; as, the <i>difficulty</i> of a task or
enterprise; a work of <i>difficulty</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not being able to promote them [the interests of life]
on account of the <i>difficulty</i> of the region.</blockquote>
<i>James Byrne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something difficult; a thing hard to do or
to understand; that which occasions labor or perplexity, and requires
skill and perseverance to overcome, solve, or achieve; a hard
enterprise; an obstacle; an impediment; as, the <i>difficulties</i>
of a science; <i>difficulties</i> in theology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They lie under some <i>difficulties</i> by reason of
the emperor's displeasure.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A controversy; a falling out; a
disagreement; an objection; a cavil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Measures for terminating all local
<i>difficulties</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Embarrassment of affairs, especially
financial affairs; -- usually in the plural; as, to be in
<i>difficulties</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In days of <i>difficulty</i> and
pressure.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impediment; obstacle; obstruction; embarrassment;
perplexity; exigency; distress; trouble; trial; objection; cavil. See
<u>Impediment</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dif*fide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diffidere</i>. See <u>Diffident</u>.] <def>To be
distrustful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif"fi*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diffidentia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being
diffident; distrust; want of confidence; doubt of the power, ability,
or disposition of others.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>That affliction grew heavy upon me, and weighed me
down even to a <i>diffidence</i> of God's mercy.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Distrust of one's self or one's own
powers; lack of self-reliance; modesty; modest reserve;
bashfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is good to speak on such questions with
<i>diffidence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An Englishman's habitual <i>diffidence</i> and
awkwardness of address.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Humility; bashfulness; distrust; suspicion; doubt;
fear; timidity; apprehension; hesitation. See <u>Humility</u>, and
<u>Bashfulness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dif"fi*den*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Diffidence</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dif"fi*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diffidens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>diffidere</i>; <i>dif-
</i> = <i>dis + fidere</i> to trust; akin to <i>fides</i> faith. See
<u>Faith</u>, and cf. <u>Defy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting
confidence in others; distrustful.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>You were always extremely <i>diffident</i> of their
success.</blockquote> <i>Melmoth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting confidence in one's self;
distrustful of one's own powers; not self-reliant; timid; modest;
bashful; characterized by modest reserve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>diffident</i> maidens,<BR>
Folding their hands in prayer.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Distrustful; suspicious; hesitating; doubtful;
modest; bashful; lowly; reserved.</p>

<p><hw>Dif"fi*dent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
diffident manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To stand <i>diffidently</i> against each other with
their thoughts in battle array.</blockquote> <i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif*find</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diffindere</i>, <i>diffissum</i>; <i>dif-</i> = <i>dis-</i> +
<i>findere</i> to split.] <def>To split.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
define.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fin"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For
<i>definitive</i>.] <def>Definitive; determinate; final.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Diffind</u>.] <def>Act of cleaving or splitting.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fla"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>difflatio</i>, fr. L. <i>difflare</i>, <i>difflatum</i>, to
disperse by blowing.] <def>A blowing apart or away.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dif"flu*ence</hw> (?), <hw>Dif"flu*en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flowing off on all sides; fluidity.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dif"flu*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diffluens</i>, p. pr. of <i>diffluere</i> to flow off; <i>dif-</i>
= <i>dis-</i> + <i>fluere</i> to flow.] <def>Flowing apart or off;
dissolving; not fixed.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif"form`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>difforme</i>, fr. L. <i>dif-</i> = <i>dis-</i> + <i>forma</i>
form.  Cf. <u>Deform</u>.] <def>Irregular in form; -- opposed to
<i>uniform</i>; anomalous; hence, unlike; dissimilar; as, to
<i>difform</i> corolla, the parts of which do not correspond in size
or proportion; <i>difform</i> leaves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unequal refractions of <i>difform</i>
rays.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif*form"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>difformit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Difform</u>, <u>Deformity</u>.]
<def>Irregularity of form; diversity of form; want of
uniformity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fract"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Diffracted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Diffracting</u>.] [L. <i>diffractus</i>, p. p. of
<i>diffringere</i> to break in pieces; <i>dif- = dis-</i> +
<i>frangere</i> to break. See <u>Fracture</u>.] <def>To break or
separate into parts; to deflect, or decompose by deflection, a&?;
rays of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif*frac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>diffraction</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The deflection and
decomposition of light in passing by the edges of opaque bodies or
through narrow slits, causing the appearance of parallel bands or
fringes of prismatic colors, as by the action of a grating of fine
lines or bars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Remarked by Grimaldi (1665), and referred by him to a
property of light which he called <i>diffraction</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Diffraction grating</b></col>. <i>(Optics)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Grating</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Diffraction spectrum</b></col>.
<i>(Optics)</i> <cd>See under <u>Spectrum</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dif*frac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
produces diffraction.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dif*fran"chise</hw> (?), <hw>Dif*fran"chise*ment</hw> (?) }.
<def>See <u>Disfranchise</u>, <u>Disfranchisement</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fus"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Material which, in the process of catalysis, has diffused or
passed through the separating membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Diffused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Diffusing</u>.] [L. <i>diffusus</i>, p. p. of <i>diffundere</i> to
pour out, to diffuse; <i>dif- = dis-</i> + <i>fundere</i> to pour.
See <u>Fuse</u> to melt.] <def>To pour out and cause to spread, as a
fluid; to cause to flow on all sides; to send out, or extend, in all
directions; to spread; to circulate; to disseminate; to scatter; as
to <i>diffuse</i> information.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thence <i>diffuse</i><BR>
His good to worlds and ages infinite.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We find this knowledge <i>diffused</i> among all
civilized nations.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To expand; spread; circulate; extend; scatter;
disperse; publish; proclaim.</p>

<p><hw>Dif*fuse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass by
spreading every way, to diffuse itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>diffusus</i>,
p. p.] <def>Poured out; widely spread; not restrained; copious; full;
esp., of style, opposed to <i>concise</i> or <i>terse</i>; verbose;
prolix; as, a <i>diffuse</i> style; a <i>diffuse</i>
writer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>diffuse</i> and various knowledge of divine and
human things.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prolix; verbose; wide; copious; full. See
<u>Prolix</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dif*fused"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spread abroad;
dispersed; loose; flowing; diffuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It grew to be a widely <i>diffused</i>
opinion.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dif*fus"ed*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dif*fus"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fuse"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a diffuse
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fuse"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being diffuse; especially, in writing, the use of a great or
excessive number of word to express the meaning; copiousness;
verbosity; prolixity.</def></p>

<p><! p. 411 !></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fus"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, diffuses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fu`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being diffusible; capability of being poured or spread
out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fu"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of flowing or spreading in all
directions; that may be diffused.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Capable of passing
through animal membranes by osmosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fu"si*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Diffusibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diffusio</i>: cf. F. <i>diffusion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of diffusing, or the state of being diffused; a
spreading; extension; dissemination; circulation;
dispersion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>diffusion</i> of knowledge which has undermined
superstition.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act of passing by
osmosis through animal membranes, as in the distribution of poisons,
gases, etc., through the body. Unlike <i>absorption</i>, diffusion
may go on after death, that is, after the blood ceases to
circulate.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Extension; spread; propagation; circulation;
expansion; dispersion.</p>

<p><hw>Dif*fu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>diffusif</i>.] <def>Having the quality of diffusing; capable of
spreading every way by flowing; spreading widely; widely reaching;
copious; diffuse.</def> "A plentiful and <i>diffusive</i> perfume."
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fu"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
diffusive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dif*fu"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being diffusive or diffuse; extensiveness; expansion;
dispersion. Especially of style: Diffuseness; want of conciseness;
prolixity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fault that I find with a modern legend, it its
<i>diffusiveness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dif`fu*siv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tendency
to become diffused; tendency, as of heat, to become equalized by
spreading through a conducting medium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig</hw> (d&ibreve;g), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dug</u> (d&ubreve;g) or <u>Digged</u>
(d&ibreve;gd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Digging</u>. --
<i>Digged</i> is archaic.] [OE. <i>diggen</i>, perh. the same word as
<i>diken</i>, <i>dichen</i> (see <u>Dike</u>, <u>Ditch</u>); cf. Dan.
<i>dige</i> to dig, <i>dige</i> a ditch; or (?) akin to E. 1st
<i>dag</i>. &radic;67.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn up, or delve
in, (earth) with a spade or a hoe; to open, loosen, or break up (the
soil) with a spade, or other sharp instrument; to pierce, open, or
loosen, as if with a spade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be first to <i>dig</i> the ground.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To get by digging; as, to <i>dig</i>
potatoes, or gold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hollow out, as a well; to form, as a
ditch, by removing earth; to excavate; as, to <i>dig</i> a ditch or a
well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To thrust; to poke.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You should have seen children . . . <i>dig</i> and
push their mothers under the sides, saying thus to them: Look,
mother, how great a lubber doth yet wear pearls.</blockquote>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dig down</b></col>, <cd>to undermine and cause to fall
by digging; as, to <i>dig down</i> a wall.</cd> -- <col><b>To dig
from</b></col>, <col><b>out of</b></col>, <col><b>out</b></col>, or
<col><b>up</b></col>, <cd>to get out or obtain by digging; as, to
<i>dig</i> coal <i>from</i> or <i>out of</i> a mine; to <i>dig
out</i> fossils; to <i>dig up</i> a tree. The preposition is often
omitted; as, the men are <i>digging</i> coal, <i>digging</i> iron
ore, <i>digging</i> potatoes.</cd> -- <col><b>To dig in</b></col>,
<cd>to cover by digging; as, to <i>dig in</i> manure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dig</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
work with a spade or other like implement; to do servile work; to
delve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dig</i> for it more than for hid
treasures.</blockquote> <i>Job iii. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not <i>dig</i>; to beg I am
ashamed.</blockquote> <i>Luke xvi. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To take ore from its bed,
in distinction from making excavations in search of ore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To work like a digger; to study ploddingly
and laboriously.</def> [Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thrust; a punch; a poke; as, a <i>dig</i> in the side or the ribs.
See <u>Dig</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 4.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plodding and laborious student.</def>
[Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dig"a*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; = &?;
twice + &?; to marry.  Cf. <u>Bigamist</u>.] <def>One who marries a
second time; a deuterogamist.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*gam"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; = &?;
twice + <grk>ga`mma</grk> the letter &GAMMA;. So called because it
resembled two <i>gammas</i> placed one above the other.] <i>(Gr.
Gram.)</i> <def>A letter (&?;, &?;) of the Greek alphabet, which
early fell into disuse.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This form identifies it with the Latin F, though in sound
it is said to have been nearer V. It was pronounced, probably, much
like the English W.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Di*gam"mate</hw> (?), <hw>Di*gam"mated</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the digamma or its representative
letter or sound; as, the Latin word <i>vis</i> is a <i>digammated</i>
form of the Greek <grk>'i`s</grk>.</def>  <i>Andrews.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dig"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
second marriage, that is, one after the death of the first wife or
the first husband.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a second
marriage; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; marriage.
Cf. <u>Bigamy</u>.] <def>Act, or state, of being twice married;
deuterogamy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk>
= <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; belly: cf. F. <i>digastrique</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having two bellies;
biventral; -- applied to muscles which are fleshy at each end and
have a tendon in the middle, and esp. to the muscle which pulls down
the lower jaw.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to the
digastric muscle of the lower jaw; as, the <i>digastric</i>
nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*ge"ne*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; race, offspring.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Trematoda in which alternate
generations occur, the immediate young not resembling their
parents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The faculty of multiplying in
two ways; -- by ova fecundated by spermatic fluid, and asexually, as
by buds. See <u>Parthenogenesis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
<i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Sexually reproductive.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Digenous reproduction</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>Same
as <u>Digenesis</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dig"er*ent</hw> (?), . [L. <i>digerens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>digerere</i>. See <u>Digest</u>.] <def>Digesting.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*gest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Digested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Digesting</u>.] [L. <i>digestus</i>, p. p. of <i>digerere</i> to
separate, arrange, dissolve, digest; <i>di- = dis-</i> +
<i>gerere</i> to bear, carry, wear. See <u>Jest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To distribute or arrange methodically; to
work over and classify; to reduce to portions for ready use or
application; as, to <i>digest</i> the laws, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Joining them together and <i>digesting</i> them into
order.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have cause to be glad that matters are so well
<i>digested</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To separate (the food)
in its passage through the alimentary canal into the nutritive and
nonnutritive elements; to prepare, by the action of the digestive
juices, for conversion into blood; to convert into chyme.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To think over and arrange methodically in
the mind; to reduce to a plan or method; to receive in the mind and
consider carefully; to get an understanding of; to
comprehend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Feelingly <i>digest</i> the words you speak in
prayer.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How shall this bosom multiplied <i>digest</i><BR>
The senate's courtesy?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To appropriate for strengthening and
comfort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grant that we may in such wise hear them [the
Scriptures], read, mark, learn, and inwardly <i>digest</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>Book of Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To bear comfortably or patiently;
to be reconciled to; to brook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I never can <i>digest</i> the loss of most of Origin's
works.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To soften by heat and
moisture; to expose to a gentle heat in a boiler or matrass, as a
preparation for chemical operations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To dispose to suppurate, or
generate healthy pus, as an ulcer or wound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To ripen; to mature.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Well-<i>digested</i> fruits.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To quiet or abate, as anger or
grief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*gest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To undergo digestion; as, food <i>digests</i> well or
ill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To suppurate; to generate
pus, as an ulcer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"gest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>digestum</i>,
pl. <i>digesta</i>, neut., fr. <i>digestus</i>, p. p.: cf. F.
<i>digeste</i>. See <u>Digest</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>That
which is digested; especially, that which is worked over, classified,
and arranged under proper heads or titles</def>; esp. <i>(Law)</i>,
<def>A compilation of statutes or decisions analytically arranged.
The term is applied in a general sense to the Pandects of Justinian
(see <u>Pandect</u>), but is also specially given by authors to
compilations of laws on particular topics; a summary of laws; as,
Comyn's <i>Digest</i>; the United States <i>Digest</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A complete <i>digest</i> of Hindu and Mahommedan laws
after the model of Justinian's celebrated Pandects.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Jones.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They made a sort of institute and <i>digest</i> of
anarchy, called the Rights of Man.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*gest"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
digested or well-arranged manner; methodically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*gest"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who digests.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A medicine or an article of food that aids
digestion, or strengthens digestive power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rice is . . . a great restorer of health, and a great
<i>digester</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A strong closed vessel, in which bones or
other substances may be subjected, usually in water or other liquid,
to a temperature above that of boiling, in order to soften
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*gest`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being digestible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*gest"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>digestible</i>, L. <i>digestibilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being
digested.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*gest"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being digestible; digestibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ges"tion</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>digestion</i>, L. <i>digestio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or process of digesting; reduction to order; classification;
thoughtful consideration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The conversion of food,
in the stomach and intestines, into soluble and diffusible products,
capable of being absorbed by the blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Generation of pus;
suppuration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*gest"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>digestif</i>, L. <i>digestivus</i>.] <def>Pertaining to digestion;
having the power to cause or promote digestion; as, the
<i>digestive</i> ferments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Digestive</i> cheese and fruit there sure will
be.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Digestive apparatus</b></col>, <cd>the organs of food
digestion, esp. the alimentary canal and glands connected with
it.</cd> -- <col><b>Digestive salt</b></col>, <cd>the chloride of
potassium.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*gest"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which aids digestion, as a food or medicine.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>digestive</i> [a cigar] had become to me as
necessary as the meal itself.</blockquote> <i>Blackw. Mag.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
substance which, when applied to a wound or ulcer, promotes
suppuration.</def> <i>Dunglison.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
tonic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*gest"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Digester</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ges"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Digestion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dig"ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being dug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, digs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Digger wasp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
the fossorial Hymenoptera.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dig"gers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Digger</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A degraded tribe
of California Indians; -- so called from their practice of digging
roots for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or the place of excavating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Places where ore is dug;
especially, certain localities in California, Australia, and
elsewhere, at which gold is obtained.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Region; locality.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Dight</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dight</u> or <u>Dighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dighting</u>.] [OF. <i>dihten</i>, AS. <i>dihtan</i>
to dictate, command, dispose, arrange, fr. L. <i>dictare</i> to say
often, dictate, order; cf. G. <i>dichten</i> to write poetry, fr. L.
<i>dictare</i>. See <u>Dictate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
prepare; to put in order; hence, to dress, or put on; to array; to
adorn.</def> [Archaic] "She gan the house to <i>dight.</i>"
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two harmless turtles, <i>dight</i> for
sacrifice.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The clouds in thousand liveries
<i>dight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have sexual intercourse with.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dight"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dights.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dig"it</hw> (d&ibreve;j"&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>digitus</i> finger; prob. akin to Gr. <grk>da`ktylos</grk>, of
uncertain origin; possibly akin to E. <i>toe</i>.  Cf.
<u>Dactyl</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the terminal divisions of a limb appendage; a finger or
toe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ruminants have the "cloven foot," <i>i. e.</i>,
two hoofed <i>digits</i> on each foot.</blockquote> <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A finger's breadth, commonly estimated to
be three fourths of an inch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>One of the ten figures or
symbols, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, by which all numbers are
expressed; -- so called because of the use of the fingers in counting
and computing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By some authorities the symbol 0 is not included with the
<i>digits</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One twelfth part of the
diameter of the sun or moon; -- a term used to express the quantity
of an eclipse; as, an eclipse of eight <i>digits</i> is one which
hides two thirds of the diameter of the disk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To point at or out
with the finger.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dig"i*tal</hw> (d&ibreve;j"&ibreve;*t<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>digitals</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
the fingers, or to digits; done with the fingers; as, <i>digital</i>
compression; <i>digital</i> examination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"i*ta`lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>digitaline</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any one of
several extracts of foxglove (<i>Digitalis</i>), as the "French
extract," the "German extract," etc., which differ among themselves
in composition and properties.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A supposedly distinct vegetable principle as the
essential ingredient of the extracts. It is a white, crystalline
substance, and is regarded as a glucoside.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig`i*ta"lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf. F.
<i>digitale</i>. So named (according to Linn&aelig;us) from its
finger-shaped corolla.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of plants including the foxglove.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The dried leaves of the
purple foxglove (<i>Digitalis purpurea</i>), used in heart disease,
disturbance of the circulation, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>digitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>digitare</i>, fr. L. <i>digitus</i>.
See <u>Digit</u>.] <def>To point out as with the finger.</def> [R.]
<i>Robinson (Eudoxa).</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dig"i*tate</hw> (?), <hw>Dig"i*ta`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>digitatus</i> having fingers.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having several leaflets arranged, like the fingers
of the hand, at the extremity of a stem or petiole. Also, in general,
characterized by digitation.</def> -- <wf>Dig"i*tate*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dig`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>digitation</i>.] <def>A division into fingers or fingerlike
processes; also, a fingerlike process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"i*ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>digitus</i> a finger + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Formed like a finger or
fingers; finger-shaped; as, a <i>digitiform</i> root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"i*ti*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>digitus</i> finger, toe + <i>gradi</i> to step, walk: cf. F.
<i>digitigrade</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Walking on the toes; --
distinguished from <i>plantigrade</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"i*ti*grade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An animal that walks on its toes, as the cat, lion, wolf, etc.;
-- distinguished from a <i>plantigrade</i>, which walks on the palm
of the foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig`i*ti*par"tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>digitus</i> finger + <i>partite</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Parted
like the fingers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"i*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Digit</i> +
<i>-ize</i>.] <def>To finger; as, to <i>digitize</i> a pen.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Dig`i*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>digitus</i> a finger.] <def>A small dumb keyboard used by pianists
for exercising the fingers; -- called also <i>dumb
piano</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"i*tule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>digitulus</i>, dim. of <i>digitus</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
little finger or toe, or something resembling one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*gla"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>digladiari</i>; <i>di- = dis-</i> + <i>gladius</i> a sword.]
<def>To fight like gladiators; to contend fiercely; to dispute
violently.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Digladiating</i> like &AElig;schines and
Demosthenes.</blockquote> <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*gla`di*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
digladiating.</def> [Obs.] "Sore <i>digladiations</i> and contest."
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*glot"tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; speaking
two languages; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; tongue.
See <u>Glottis</u>.] <def>Bilingualism.</def> [R.]  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"glyph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>di-
</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; to hollow out, carve.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A projecting face like the triglyph, but having
only two channels or grooves sunk in it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dignatio</i>.] <def>The act of thinking worthy; honor.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><! p. 412 !></p>

<p><hw>Digne</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>dignus</i>. See <u>Design</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Worthy;
honorable; deserving.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suitable; adequate; fit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Haughty; disdainful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dig`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dignify</u>.] <def>The act of dignifying; exaltation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"ni*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked with
dignity; stately; as, a <i>dignified</i> judge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dignified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dignifying</u>.] [OF. <i>dignifier</i>, fr. LL.
<i>dignificare</i>; L. <i>dignus</i> worthy + <i>ficare</i> (in
comp.), <i>facere</i> to make. See <u>Deign</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.]
<def>To invest with dignity or honor; to make illustrious; to give
distinction to; to exalt in rank; to honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your worth will <i>dignify</i> our feast.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To exalt; elevate; prefer; advance; honor;
illustrate; adorn; ennoble.</p>

<p><hw>Dig"ni*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dignitaries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>dignitaire</i>, fr. L.
<i>dignitas</i>.] <def>One who possesses exalted rank or holds a
position of dignity or honor; especially, one who holds an
ecclesiastical rank above that of a parochial priest or
clergyman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dig"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dignities</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>dignete</i>, <i>dignite</i>,
OF. <i>dignet&eacute;</i>, <i>dignit&eacute;</i>, F.
<i>dignit&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>dignitas</i>, from <i>dignus</i>
worthy. See <u>Dainty</u>, <u>Deign</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state of being worthy or honorable; elevation of mind or character;
true worth; excellence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Elevation; grandeur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dignity</i> of this act was worth the audience
of kings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Elevated rank; honorable station; high
office, political or ecclesiastical; degree of excellence;
preferment; exaltation.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the king said, What honor and <i>dignity</i> hath
been done to Mordecai for this?</blockquote> <i>Esth. vi. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Reuben, thou art my firstborn, . . . the excellency of
<i>dignity</i>, and the excellency of power.</blockquote> <i>Gen.
xlix. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Quality suited to inspire respect or
reverence; loftiness and grace; impressiveness; stateliness; -- said
of mien, manner, style, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A letter written with singular energy and
<i>dignity</i> of thought and language.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One holding high rank; a
dignitary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These filthy dreamers . . . speak evil of
<i>dignities</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jude. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Fundamental principle; axiom; maxim.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sciences concluding from <i>dignities</i>, and
principles known by themselves.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Decorum</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>To stand upon one's dignity</b></col>, <cd>to have or to
affect a high notion of one's own rank, privilege, or
character.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>They did not <i>stand upon their dignity</i>, nor give
their minds to being or to seeming as elegant and as fine as anybody
else.</blockquote> <i>R. G. White.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dig*no"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dignoscere</i> to distinguish; <i>di- = dis-</i> +
<i>gnoscere</i>, <i>noscere</i>, to learn to know.]
<def>Distinguishing mark; diagnostic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dig"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; = &?;
double + &?; an angle.] <def>Having two angles.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk> =
<grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; letter.] <def>A digraph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk> =
<grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; a writing, &?; to write.] <def>Two signs
or characters combined to express a single articulated sound; as
<i>ea</i> in <i>head</i>, or <i>th</i> in <i>bath</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a digraph.</def>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*gress"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Digressed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Digressing</u>.] [L. <i>digressus</i>, p. p. of <i>digredi</i> to
go apart, to deviate; <i>di- = dis-</i> + <i>gradi</i> to step, walk.
See <u>Grade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To step or turn aside; to
deviate; to swerve; especially, to turn aside from the main subject
of attention, or course of argument, in writing or
speaking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moreover she beginneth to <i>digress</i> in
latitude.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the pursuit of an argument there is hardly room to
<i>digress</i> into a particular definition as often as a man varies
the signification of any term.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn aside from the right path; to
transgress; to offend.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy abundant goodness shall excuse<BR>
This deadly blot on thy <i>digressing</i> son.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*gress"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Digression.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*gres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>digressio</i>: cf. F. <i>digression</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of digressing or deviating, esp. from the main subject
of a discourse; hence, a part of a discourse deviating from its main
design or subject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>digressions</i> I can not excuse otherwise,
than by the confidence that no man will read them.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A turning aside from the right path;
transgression; offense.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then my <i>digression</i> is so vile, so base,<BR>
That it will live engraven in my face.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The elongation, or angular
distance from the sun; -- said chiefly of the inferior planets.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*gres"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or having the character of, a digression; departing from the main
purpose or subject.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*gress"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>digressif</i>.] <def>Departing from the main subject; partaking of
the nature of digression.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*gress"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
digression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Digue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Dike</u>.]
<def>A bank; a dike.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Di*gyn"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; a woman, a female.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an order of plants having two
styles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di*gyn"i*an</hw> (?), <hw>Dig"y*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>digyne</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Digynia; having two styles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk>
= <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; a seat, bottom, base, fr. &?; to sit.
Cf. <u>Diedral</u>.] <def>Having two plane faces; as, the
<i>dihedral</i> summit of a crystal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dihedral angle</b></col>, <cd>the angular space contained
between planes which intersect. It is measured by the angle made by
any two lines at right angles to the two planes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dihedral</u>.] <def>A figure with two sides or surfaces.</def>
<i>Buchanan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`hex*ag"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-
</i> + <i>hexagonal</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Consisting of two
hexagonal parts united; thus, a <i>dihexagonal</i> pyramid is
composed of two hexagonal pyramids placed base to base.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having twelve similar faces; as, a
<i>dihexagonal</i> prism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`i*amb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
diiambus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`i*am"bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?;. See <u>Lambus</u>.]
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A double iambus; a foot consisting of two
iambuses (&?; &?; &?; &?;).</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*i"o*dide</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-
</i> + <i>iod</i>ine.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound of a binary
type containing two atoms of iodine; -- called also
<i>biniodide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`i*sat"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-
</i> + <i>isat</i>ine + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A red
crystalline nitrogenous substance of artificial production, which by
reduction passes directly to indigo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ju"di*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dijudicans</i>, p. pr.] <def>One who dijudicates.</def> [R.]
<i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ju"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dijudicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dijucating</u> (?).] [L. <i>dijudicatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>dijudicare</i> to decide; <i>di- = dis-</i> + <i>judicare</i> to
judge.] <def>To make a judicial decision; to decide; to
determine.</def> [R.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ju`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dijudicatio</i>.] <def>The act of dijudicating; judgment.</def>
[R.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Di"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native West African
name.] <def>A kind of food, made from the almondlike seeds of the
<i>Irvingia Barteri</i>, much used by natives of the west coast of
Africa; -- called also <i>dika bread</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dike</hw> (d&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dic</i>,
<i>dike</i>, <i>diche</i>, ditch, AS. <i>d&imacr;c</i> dike, ditch;
akin to D. <i>dijk</i> dike, G. <i>deich</i>, and prob. <i>teich</i>
pond, Icel. <i>d&imacr;ki</i> dike, ditch, Dan. <i>dige</i>; perh.
akin to Gr. <grk>tei^chos</grk> (for <grk>qei^chos</grk>) wall, and
even E. <i>dough</i>; or perh. to Gr. <grk>ti^fos</grk> pool, marsh.
Cf. <u>Ditch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ditch; a channel for
water made by digging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Little channels or <i>dikes</i> cut to every
bed.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An embankment to prevent inundations; a
levee.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dikes</i> that the hands of the farmers had raised
. . . <BR>
Shut out the turbulent tides.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wall of turf or stone.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A wall-like mass of mineral
matter, usually an intrusion of igneous rocks, filling up rents or
fissures in the original strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dike</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Diked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Diking</u>.] [OE. <i>diken</i>, <i>dichen</i>, AS.
<i>d&imacr;cian</i> to dike. See <u>Dike</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To surround or protect with a dike or dry bank; to secure with a
bank.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drain by a dike or ditch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dike</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To work as a ditcher;
to dig.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He would thresh and thereto <i>dike</i> and
delve.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dik"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A ditcher.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who builds stone walls; usually, one
who builds them without lime.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*lac"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dilacerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dilacerating</u> (?).] [L. <i>dilaceratus</i>, p. p.
of <i>dilacerare</i> to tear apart; <i>di- = dis-</i> +
<i>lacerare</i> to tear.] <def>To rend asunder; to tear to
pieces.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lac`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dilaceratio</i>: cf. F. <i>dilac&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>The act
of rending asunder.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*la"ni*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dilaniatus</i>, p. p. of <i>dilaniare</i> to dilacerate; <i>di- =
dis-</i> + <i>laniare</i> to tear to pieces.] <def>To rend in pieces;
to tear.</def> [R.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*la`ni*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rending
or tearing in pieces; dilaceration.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*lap"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dilapidated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dilapidating</u> (?).] [L. <i>dilapidare</i> to
scatter like stones; <i>di- = dis-</i> + <i>lapidare</i> to throw
stones, fr. <i>lapis</i> a stone. See <u>Lapidary</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring into a condition of decay or partial
ruin, by misuse or through neglect; to destroy the fairness and good
condition of; -- said of a building.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the bishop, parson, or vicar, etc.,
<i>dilapidates</i> the buildings, or cuts down the timber of the
patrimony.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impair by waste and abuse; to
squander.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The patrimony of the bishopric of Oxon was much
<i>dilapidated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lap"i*date</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To get out of
repair; to fall into partial ruin; to become decayed; as, the church
was suffered to <i>dilapidate</i>.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lap"i*da`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Decayed;
fallen into partial ruin; injured by bad usage or neglect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A deserted and <i>dilapidated</i>
buildings.</blockquote> <i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lap`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dilapidatio</i>: cf. F. <i>dilapidation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of dilapidating, or the state of being dilapidated,
reduced to decay, partially ruined, or squandered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tell the people that are relived by the
<i>dilapidation</i> of their public estate.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ecclesiastical waste; impairing of church
property by an incumbent, through neglect or by intention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The business of <i>dilapidations</i> came on between
our bishop and the Archibishop of York.</blockquote>
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The pulling down of a
building, or suffering it to fall or be in a state of decay.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lap"i*da`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dilapidateur</i>.] <def>One who causes dilapidation.</def>
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*la`ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dilatabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being dilatable, or
admitting expansion; -- opposed to <i>contractibility</i>.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dilatable</i>.] <def>Capable of expansion; that may be dilated; --
opposed to <i>contractible</i>; as, the lungs are <i>dilatable</i> by
the force of air; air is <i>dilatable</i> by heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dil`a*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>dilatacioun</i>, F. <i>dilatation</i>, L. <i>dilatatio</i>, fr.
<i>dilatare</i>. See <u>Dilate</u>, and cf. 2d <u>Dilation</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Prolixity; diffuse discourse.</def> [Obs.]
"What needeth greater <i>dilatation</i>?"  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of dilating; expansion; an
enlarging on al&?; sides; the state of being dilated;
dilation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A dilation or enlargement
of a canal or other organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dil`a*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.  Cf. L.
<i>dilatator</i> a propagator.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which
dilates any part; a dilator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*late"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dilated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dilating</u> (?).] [L. <i>dilatare</i>; either fr.
<i>di-</i> = <i>dis-</i> + <i>latus</i> wide, not the same word as
<i>latus</i>, used as p. p. of <i>ferre</i> to bear (see
<u>Latitude</u>); or fr. <i>dilatus</i>, used as p. p. of
<i>differre</i> to separate (see <u>Delay</u>, <u>Tolerate</u>,
<u>Differ</u>, and cf. <u>Dilatory</u>): cf. F. <i>dilater</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To expand; to distend; to enlarge or extend
in all directions; to swell; -- opposed to <i>contract</i>; as, the
air <i>dilates</i> the lungs; air is <i>dilated</i> by increase of
heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enlarge upon; to relate at large; to
tell copiously or diffusely.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Do me the favor to <i>dilate</i> at full<BR>
What hath befallen of them and thee till now.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To expand; swell; distend; enlarge; spread out;
amplify; expatiate.</p>

<p><hw>Di*late"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To grow wide; to expand; to swell or extend in all
directions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His heart <i>dilates</i> and glories in his
strength.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To speak largely and copiously; to dwell
in narration; to enlarge; -- with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But still on their ancient joys
<i>dilate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Crabbe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*late"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Extensive;
expanded.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lat"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Expanded; enlarged.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Widening into a lamina or
into lateral winglike appendages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the margin wide
and spreading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*lat"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dilated
manner.</def>  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, dilates, expands, or enlarges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dilatio</i>.
See <u>Dilatory</u>.] <def>Delay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*la"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>dilate</i>, v.,
cf. <u>Dilatation</u>, <u>Dilator</u>.] <def>The act of dilating, or
the state of being dilated; expansion; dilatation.</def>  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At first her eye with slow <i>dilation</i>
rolled.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A gigantic <i>dilation</i> of the hateful
figure.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lat"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
dilation; tending to dilate, on enlarge; expansive.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dil`a*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dilate</i>
+ <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring
the dilatation or expansion of a substance, especially of a
fluid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*lat"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dilate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, widens or
expands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle that dilates any
part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument for expanding
a part; as, a urethral <i>dilator</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dil"a*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
delay; tardily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dil"a*to*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being dilatory; lateness; slowness; tardiness;
sluggishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dil"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dilatorius</i>, fr. <i>dilator</i> a delayer, fr. <i>dilatus</i>,
used as p. p. of <i>differe</i> to defer, delay: cf. F.
<i>dilatoire</i>. See <u>Dilate</u>, <u>Differ</u>, <u>Defer</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to defer or put off what ought to be
done at once; given the procrastination; delaying; procrastinating;
loitering; as, a <i>dilatory</i> servant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Marked by procrastination or delay; tardy;
slow; sluggish; -- said of actions or measures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alva, as usual, brought his <i>dilatory</i> policy to
bear upon his adversary.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dilatory plea</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a plea designed
to create delay in the trial of a cause, generally founded upon some
matter not connected with the merits of the case.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Slow; delaying; sluggish; inactive; loitering;
behindhand; backward; procrastinating. See <u>Slow</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dil"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A burden in popular
songs.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Delicate burthens of <i>dildos</i> and
fadings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dil"do</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
columnar cactaceous plant of the West Indies (<i>Cereus
Swartzii</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dilectio</i>: <i>dilection</i>. See <u>Diligent</u>.] <def>Love;
choice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Martin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lem"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dilemma</i>,
Gr. &?;; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; to take. See
<u>Lemma</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>An argument
which presents an antagonist with two or more alternatives, but is
equally conclusive against him, whichever alternative he
chooses.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The following are instances of the <i>dilemma</i>. A young
rhetorician applied to an old sophist to be taught the art of
pleading, and bargained for a certain reward to be paid when he
should gain a cause. The master sued for his reward, and the scholar
endeavored to &?;lude his claim by a <i>dilemma</i>. "If I gain my
cause, I shall withhold your pay, because the judge's award will be
against you; if I lose it, I may withhold it, because I shall not yet
have gained a cause." "On the contrary," says the master, "if you
gain your cause, you must pay me, because you are to pay me when you
gain a cause; if you lose it, you must pay me, because the judge will
award it."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of things in which evils or
obstacles present themselves on every side, and it is difficult to
determine what course to pursue; a vexatious alternative or
predicament; a difficult choice or position.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A strong <i>dilemma</i> in a desperate case!<BR>
To act with infamy, or quit the place.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Horns of a dilemma</b></col>, <cd>alternatives, each of
which is equally difficult of encountering.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dil"et*tant`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to dilettanteism; amateur; as, <i>dilettant</i>
speculation.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dil`et*tant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dilettante.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though few art lovers can be connoisseurs, many are
<i>dilettants</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dil`et*tan"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dilettanti</b></plw> (#). [It., prop. p. pr. of
<i>dillettare</i> to take delight in, fr. L. <i>delectare</i> to
delight. See <u>Delight</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>An admirer
or lover of the fine arts; popularly, an amateur; especially, one who
follows an art or a branch of knowledge, desultorily, or for
amusement only.</def></p>

<p><! p. 413 !></p>

<p><blockquote>The true poet is not an eccentric creature, not a mere
artist living only for art, not a dreamer or a <i>dilettante</i>,
sipping the nectar of existence, while he keeps aloof from its deeper
interests.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dil`et*tan"te*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
like a dilettante.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dil`et*tan"te*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being a dilettante; the desultory pursuit of art,
science, or literature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dil`et*tant"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Dilettanteish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dil`et*tant"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Dilettanteism</u>.</def>  <i>F. Harrison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dil"i*gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>diligence</i>, L. <i>diligentia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality of being diligent; carefulness; careful attention; -- the
opposite of <i>negligence</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Interested and persevering application;
devoted and painstaking effort to accomplish what is undertaken;
assiduity in service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which ordinary men are fit for, I am qualified
in; and the best of me is <i>diligence</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>Process by which
persons, lands, or effects are seized for debt; process for enforcing
the attendance of witnesses or the production of writings.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To do one's diligence</b></col>, <col><b>give
diligence</b></col>, <col><b>use diligence</b></col>, <cd>to exert
one's self; to make interested and earnest endeavor.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And each of them <i>doth</i> all <i>his
diligence</i><BR>
To do unto the fest&eacute; reverence.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Attention; industry; assiduity; sedulousness;
earnestness; constancy; heed; heedfulness; care; caution. --
<u>Diligence</u>, <u>Industry</u>. <i>Industry</i> has the wider
sense of the two, implying an habitual devotion to labor for some
valuable end, as knowledge, property, etc. <i>Diligence</i> denotes
earnest application to some specific object or pursuit, which more or
less directly has a strong hold on one's interests or feelings. A man
may be <i>diligent</i> for a time, or in seeking some favorite end,
without meriting the title of <i>industrious</i>. Such was the case
with Fox, while Burke was eminent not only for <i>diligence</i>, but
<i>industry</i>; he was always at work, and always looking out for
some new field of mental effort.</p>

<p><blockquote>The sweat of <i>industry</i> would dry and die,<BR>
But for the end it works to.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Diligence</i> and accuracy are the only merits
which an historical writer ascribe to himself.</blockquote>
<i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Di`li*gence"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
four-wheeled public stagecoach, used in France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dil"i*gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diligentia</i>.] <def>Diligence; care; persevering endeavor.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dil"i*gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>diligent</i>,
L. <i>diligens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>diligere</i>,
<i>dilectum</i>, to esteem highly, prefer; <i>di- = dis-</i> +
<i>legere</i> to choose. See <u>Legend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Prosecuted with careful attention and effort; careful;
painstaking; not careless or negligent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The judges shall make <i>diligent</i>
inquisition.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xix. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Interestedly and perseveringly attentive;
steady and earnest in application to a subject or pursuit; assiduous;
industrious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seest thou a man <i>diligent</i> in his business? he
shall stand before kings.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxii. 29.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Diligent</i> cultivation of elegant
literature.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Active; assiduous; sedulous; laborious;
persevering; attentive; industrious.</p>

<p><hw>Dil"i*gent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a diligent
manner; not carelessly; not negligently; with industry or
assiduity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye <i>diligently</i> keep commandments of the Lord
your God.</blockquote> <i>Deut. vi. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dill</hw> (d&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS <i>dile</i>;
akin to D. <i>dille</i>, OHG. <i>tilli</i>, G. <i>dill</i>,
<i>dille</i>, Sw. <i>dill</i>, Dan. <i>dild</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An herb (<i>Peucedanum graveolens</i>), the seeds of which are
moderately warming, pungent, and aromatic, and were formerly used as
a soothing medicine for children; -- called also
<i>dillseed</i>.</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dillen</i>, fr.
<i>dul</i> dull, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To still; to calm; to
soothe, as one in pain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dil"ling</hw> (d&ibreve;l"l&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A darling; a favorite.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whilst the birds billing,<BR>
Each one with his <i>dilling</i>.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dil*lu"ing</hw> (d&ibreve;l*l&umacr;"&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A process of sorting ore by
washing in a hand sieve.</def> [Written also <i>deluing</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dil"ly</hw> (d&ibreve;l"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Contr. fr. <i>diligence</i>.] <def>A kind of stagecoach.</def> "The
Derby <i>dilly</i>."  <i>J. H. Frere.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dil"ly-dal`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dally</u>.] <def>To loiter or trifle; to waste time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ambiguous; of
double meaning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dil"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dilogies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>dilogia</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
doubtful; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; to speak.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>An ambiguous speech; a figure in which a word is
used an equivocal sense.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*lu"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dilucidus</i>,
fr. <i>dilucere</i> to be light enough to distinguish objects apart.
See <u>Lucid</u>.] <def>Clear; lucid.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i> --
<wf>Di*lu"cid*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] --
<wf>Di`lu*cid"i*ty</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*lu"ci*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dilucidatus</i>, p. p. of <i>dilucidare</i>.] <def>To
elucidate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lu`ci*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dilucidatio</i>.] <def>The act of making clear.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dil"u*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>diluens</i>,
p. pr. <i>diluere</i>. See <u>Dilute</u>.] <def>Diluting; making
thinner or weaker by admixture, esp. of water.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dil"u*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which dilutes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An agent used for effecting
dilution of the blood; a weak drink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no real <i>diluent</i> but
water.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Diluted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Diluting</u>.] [L. <i>dilutus</i>, p. p. of <i>diluere</i> to wash
away, dilute; <i>di- = dis-</i> + <i>luere</i>, equiv. to
<i>lavare</i> to wash, lave. See <u>Lave</u>, and cf. <u>Deluge</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make thinner or more liquid by admixture
with something; to thin and dissolve by mixing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mix their watery store.<BR>
With the chyle's current, and <i>dilute</i> it more.</blockquote>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To diminish the strength, flavor, color,
etc., of, by mixing; to reduce, especially by the addition of water;
to temper; to attenuate; to weaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest these colors should be <i>diluted</i> and
weakened by the mixture of any adventitious light.</blockquote>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
attenuated, thin, or weak; as, it <i>dilutes</i> easily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dilutus</i>, p.
p.] <def>Diluted; thin; weak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>dilute</i> and waterish exposition.</blockquote>
<i>Hopkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lut"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reduced in
strength; thin; weak.</def> -- <wf>Di*lut"ed*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Di*lute"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being dilute.</def>  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lut"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, dilutes or makes thin, more liquid, or weaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dilution</i>.] <def>The act of diluting, or the state of being
diluted.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lu"vi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diluvialis</i>. fr. <i>diluvium</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to a flood or deluge, esp. to the great deluge in the
days of Noah; diluvian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Effected or produced by a
flood or deluge of water; -- said of coarse and imperfectly
stratified deposits along ancient or existing water courses. Similar
unstratified deposits were formed by the agency of ice. The time of
deposition has been called the <i>Diluvian epoch</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*lu"vi*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
explains geological phenomena by the Noachian deluge.</def>
<i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lu"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>diluvien</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a deluge, esp. to the
Noachian deluge; diluvial; as, of <i>diluvian</i> origin.</def>
<i>Buckland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lu"vi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diluviare</i>.] <def>To run as a flood.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir E.
Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*lu"vi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Diluviums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Diluvia</b></plw> (#).
[L. <i>diluvium</i>. See <u>Dilute</u>, <u>Deluge</u>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A deposit of superficial loam, sand, gravel,
stones, etc., caused by former action of flowing waters, or the
melting of glacial ice.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The accumulation of matter by the ordinary operation of
water is termed <i>alluvium</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Dim</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Dimmer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Dimmest</u> (?).]
[AS. <i>dim</i>; akin to OFries. <i>dim</i>, Icel. <i>dimmr</i>: cf.
MHG. <i>timmer</i>, <i>timber</i>; of uncertain origin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not bright or distinct; wanting luminousness
or clearness; obscure in luster or sound; dusky; darkish; obscure;
indistinct; overcast; tarnished.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dim</i> magnificence of poetry.</blockquote>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How is the gold become <i>dim</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Lam. iv. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I never saw<BR>
The heavens so <i>dim</i> by day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Three sleepless nights I passed in sounding on,<BR>
Through words and things, a <i>dim</i> and perilous way.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of obscure vision; not seeing clearly;
hence, dull of apprehension; of weak perception; obtuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mine eye also is <i>dim</i> by reason of
sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Job xvii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The understanding is <i>dim</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Obvious compounds: <i>dim</i>-eyed; <i>dim</i>-sighted,
etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Obscure; dusky; dark; mysterious; imperfect; dull;
sullied; tarnished.</p>

<p><hw>Dim</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dimmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dimming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render dim, obscure, or
dark; to make less bright or distinct; to take away the luster of; to
darken; to dull; to obscure; to eclipse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A king among his courtiers, who <i>dims</i> all his
attendants.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now set the sun, and twilight <i>dimmed</i> the
ways.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of distinct vision; to hinder
from seeing clearly, either by dazzling or clouding the eyes; to
darken the senses or understanding of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her starry eyes were <i>dimmed</i> with streaming
tears.</blockquote> <i>C. Pitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dim</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow dim.</def>
<i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dim"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. orig., a cavity,
and the same word as <i>dimple</i>. See <u>Dimple</u>.] <def>A bower;
a dingle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&icirc;me</i>
tithe, OF. <i>disme</i>, fr. L. <i>decimus</i> the tenth, fr.
<i>decem</i> ten. See <u>Decimal</u>.] <def>A silver coin of the
United States, of the value of ten cents; the tenth of a
dollar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dime novel</b></col>, <cd>a novel, commonly sensational
and trashy, which is sold for a dime, or ten cents.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*men"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dimensio</i>, fr. <i>dimensus</i>, p. p. of <i>dimetiri</i> to
measure out; <i>di- = dis-</i> + <i>metiri</i> to measure: cf. F.
<i>dimension</i>. See <u>Measure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Measure in a single line, as length, breadth, height, thickness,
or circumference; extension; measurement; -- usually, in the plural,
measure in length and breadth, or in length, breadth, and thickness;
extent; size; as, the <i>dimensions</i> of a room, or of a ship; the
<i>dimensions</i> of a farm, of a kingdom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gentlemen of more than ordinary
<i>dimensions</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Space of dimension</b></col>, <cd>extension that has
length but no breadth or thickness; a straight or curved line.</cd> -
- <col><b>Space of two dimensions</b></col>, <cd>extension which has
length and breadth, but no thickness; a plane or curved surface.</cd>
-- <col><b>Space of three dimensions</b></col>, <cd>extension which
has length, breadth, and thickness; a solid.</cd> -- <col><b>Space of
four dimensions</b></col>, <cd>as imaginary kind of extension, which
is assumed to have length, breadth, thickness, and also a fourth
imaginary dimension. Space of five or six, or more dimensions is also
sometimes assumed in mathematics.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extent; reach; scope; importance; as, a
project of large <i>dimensions</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The degree of manifoldness
of a quantity; as, time is quantity having one <i>dimension</i>;
volume has three <i>dimensions</i>, relative to extension.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A literal factor, as
numbered in characterizing a term. The term <i>dimensions</i> forms
with the cardinal numbers a phrase equivalent to <i>degree</i> with
the ordinal; thus, <i>a<sup>2</sup>b<sup>2</sup>c</i> is a term of
five <i>dimensions</i>, or of the fifth degree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Phys.)</i> <def>The manifoldness
with which the fundamental units of time, length, and mass are
involved in determining the units of other physical quantities.</def>
Thus, since the unit of velocity varies directly as the unit of
length and inversely as the unit of time, the <i>dimensions</i> of
velocity are said to be <i>length &divide; time</i>; the
<i>dimensions</i> of work are <i>mass &times; (length)<sup>2</sup>
&divide; (time)<sup>2</sup></i>; the <i>dimensions</i> of density are
<i>mass &divide; (length)<sup>3</sup></i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Dimension lumber</b></col>, <col><b>Dimension
scantling</b></col>, or <col><b>Dimension stock</b></col>
<i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>lumber for building, etc., cut to the sizes
usually in demand, or to special sizes as ordered.</cd> --
<col><b>Dimension stone</b></col>, <cd>stone delivered from the
quarry rough, but brought to such sizes as are requisite for cutting
to dimensions given.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*men"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to dimension.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*men"sioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
dimensions.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*men"sion*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
dimensions; having no appreciable or noteworthy extent.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*men"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Dimension.</def> [R.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*men"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
dimensions; marking dimensions or the limits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who can draw the soul's <i>dimensive</i>
lines?</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dim"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; part.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A division of
Coleoptera, having two joints to the tarsi.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A division of the Hemiptera, including the aphids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dim"er*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Dimera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dim"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk>
= <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; part.] <def>Composed of, or having,
two parts of each kind.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>dimerous</i> flower has two sepals, two petals, two
stamens, and two pistils.</p>

<p><hw>Dim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dimeter</i>,
Gr. &?;; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; measure.]
<def>Having two poetical measures or meters.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A verse of two meters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*meth"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
<i>methyl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Ethane; -- sometimes so called
because regarded as consisting of two methyl radicals. See
<u>Ethane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Dimeter</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Tetragonal</u>.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dim`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dimicatio</i>, fr. <i>dimicare</i> to fight.] <def>A fight;
contest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*mid"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dimidiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>dimidiare</i> to halve, fr.
<i>dimidius</i> half. See <u>Demi-</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Divided into two equal parts; reduced to half in shape or
form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Consisting of only one half of what the normal condition
requires; having the appearance of lacking one half; as, a
<i>dimidiate</i> leaf, which has only one side developed.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having the organs of one side, or half,
different in function from the corresponding organs on the other
side; as, <i>dimidiate</i> hermaphroditism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*mid"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dimidiated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dimidiating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide into two equal
parts.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>To represent the half of; to
halve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*mid`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dimidiatio</i>.] <def>The act of dimidiating or halving; the state
of being dimidiate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*min"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Diminished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Diminishing</u>.] [Pref. <i>di-</i> (= L. <i>dis-
</i>) + <i>minish</i>: cf. L. <i>diminuere</i>, F. <i>diminuer</i>,
OE. <i>diminuen</i>. See <u>Dis-</u>, and <u>Minish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make smaller in any manner; to reduce in
bulk or amount; to lessen; -- opposed to <i>augment</i> or
<i>increase</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>diminish</i>, but rather increase, the
debt.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lessen the authority or dignity of; to
put down; to degrade; to abase; to weaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This doth nothing <i>diminish</i> their
opinion.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>diminish</i> them, that they shall no more
rule over the nations.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxix. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O thou . . . at whose sight all the stars<BR>
Hide their <i>diminished</i> heads.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To make smaller by a half
step; to make (an interval) less than minor; as, a <i>diminished</i>
seventh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take away; to subtract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither shall ye <i>diminish</i> aught from
it.</blockquote> <i>Deut. iv. 2.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Diminished column</b></col>, <cd>one whose upper diameter
is less than the lower.</cd> -- <col><b>Diminished</b></col>, or
<col><b>Diminishing</b></col>, <col><b>scale</b></col>, <cd>a scale
of gradation used in finding the different points for drawing the
spiral curve of the volute.</cd> <i>Gwilt.</i> -- <col><b>Diminishing
rule</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a board cut with a concave edge,
for fixing the entasis and curvature of a shaft.</cd> --
<col><b>Diminishing stile</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a stile which
is narrower in one part than in another, as in many glazed
doors.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To decrease; lessen; abate; reduce; contract;
curtail; impair; degrade. See <u>Decrease</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Di*min"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become or
appear less or smaller; to lessen; as, the apparent size of an object
<i>diminishes</i> as we recede from it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*min"ish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being diminished or lessened.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*min"ish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, diminishes anything.</def>  <i>Clerke (1637).</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*min"ish*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner to diminish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*min"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Diminution.</def> [R.]  <i>Cheke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*min`u*en"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It., p. pr.
of <i>diminuere</i> to diminish.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In a gradually
diminishing manner; with abatement of tone; decrescendo; -- expressed
on the staff by <i>Dim</i>., or <i>Dimin</i>., or the sign.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*min"u*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diminuens</i>, p. pr. of <i>diminuere</i>. See <u>Diminish</u>.]
<def>Lessening.</def>  <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dim`i*nu"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Indicating or
causing diminution.</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dim"i*nute</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Small;
diminished; diminutive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dim"i*nute*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Diminutively.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dim`i*nu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diminutio</i>, or perh. rather <i>deminutio</i>: cf. F.
<i>diminution</i>. See <u>Diminish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of diminishing, or of making or becoming less; state of being
diminished; reduction in size, quantity, or degree; -- opposed to
<i>augmentation</i> or <i>increase</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of lessening dignity or
consideration, or the state of being deprived of dignity; a lowering
in estimation; degradation; abasement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world's opinion or <i>diminution</i> of
me.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor thinks it <i>diminution</i> to be ranked<BR>
In military honor next.</blockquote> <i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><! p. 414 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Omission, inaccuracy, or
defect in a record.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In counterpoint, the
imitation of, or reply to, a subject, in notes of half the length or
value of those the subject itself.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Decrease; decay; abatement; reduction; deduction;
decrement.</p>

<p><hw>Di*min`u*ti"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Indicating
diminution; diminutive.</def> "<i>Diminutival</i> forms" [of words].
<i>Earle.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A diminutive.</def>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*min"u*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>deminutivus</i>, F. <i>diminutif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Below the average size; very small; little.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing diminution; as, a
<i>diminutive</i> word.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tending to diminish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Diminutive</i> of liberty.</blockquote>
<i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*min"u*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something of very small size or value; an insignificant
thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such water flies, <i>diminutives</i> of
nature.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A derivative from a noun,
denoting a small or a young object of the same kind with that denoted
by the primitive; as, <i>gosling</i>, <i>eaglet</i>,
<i>lambkin</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Babyisms and dear <i>diminutives</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The word sometimes denotes a derivative verb which
expresses a diminutive or petty form of the action, as
<i>scribble</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Di*min"u*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
diminutive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*min"u*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being diminutive; smallness; littleness; minuteness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dim"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dimmish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dimissio</i>. See <u>Dimit</u>, and cf. <u>Dismission</u>.]
<def>Leave to depart; a dismissing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dim"is*so*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dimissorius</i>: cf. F. <i>dimissoire</i>. See <u>Dimit</u>.]
<def>Sending away; dismissing to another jurisdiction; granting leave
to depart.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Letters dimissory</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>letters
given by a bishop dismissing a person who is removing into another
diocese, and recommending him for reception there.</cd>
<i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>dimittere</i>
to send away, le&?; go; <i>di- = dis-</i> + <i>mittere</i> to send.
See <u>Dismiss</u>.] <def>To dismiss, let go, or release.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dim"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. Gr. &?; of
double thread, dimity; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?;
a thread of the warp; prob. through D. <i>diemet</i>, of F.
<i>dimite</i>, <i>d&eacute;mitte</i>.  Cf. <u>Samite</u>.] <def>A
cotton fabric employed for hangings and furniture coverings, and
formerly used for women's under-garments. It is of many patterns,
both plain and twilled, and occasionally is printed in
colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dim"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dim or obscure
manner; not brightly or clearly; with imperfect sight.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dim"mish</hw> (?), <hw>Dim"my</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat dim; as, <i>dimmish</i>
eyes.</def> "<i>Dimmy</i> clouds."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dim"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>dimness</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality &?; being dim; lack of
brightness, clearness, or distinctness; dullness;
obscurity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dullness, or want of clearness, of vision
or of intellectual perception.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Darkness; obscurity; gloom. See
<u>Darkness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Di"morph`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; two-formed;
<grk>di`s-</grk> twice (see <u>Di-</u>) + &?; form.]
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Either one of the two forms of a dimorphous
substance; as, calcite and aragonite are <i>dimorphs</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
property of dimorphism; dimorphous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dimorphisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Difference of form between members of the same species, as when
a plant has two kinds of flowers, both hermaphrodite (as in the
partridge berry), or when there are two forms of one or both sexes of
the same species of butterfly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dimorphism</i> is the condition of the appearance
of the same species under two dissimilar forms.</blockquote>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Crystallization in
two independent forms of the same chemical compound, as of calcium
carbonate as calcite and aragonite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dimorphe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Characterized by dimorphism; occurring under two distinct forms,
not dependent on sex; dimorphic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Crystallizing under
two forms fundamentally different, while having the same chemical
composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dim"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. a nasalized dim.
of <i>dip</i>. See <u>Dip</u>, and cf. <u>Dimble</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slight natural depression or indentation on
the surface of some part of the body, esp. on the cheek or
chin.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dimple</i> of her chin.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slight indentation on any
surface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The garden pool's dark surface . . . <BR>
Breaks into <i>dimples</i> small and bright.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dim"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dimpled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dimpling</u> (?).] <def>To form dimples; to sink into depressions
or little inequalities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And smiling eddies <i>dimpled</i> on the
main.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dim"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark with
dimples or dimplelike depressions.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dim"ple*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being dimpled, or marked with gentle depressions.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The ground's most gentle
<i>dimplement</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dim"ply</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of dimples,
or small depressions; dimpled; as, the <i>dimply</i> pool.</def>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dim"-sight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having dim
sight; lacking perception.</def> -- <wf>Dim"-sight`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Dim"y*a</hw> (?), <hw>Dim`y*a"ri*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; = &?; + &?; to close.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of lamellibranchiate mollusks
having an anterior and posterior adductor muscle, as the common clam.
See <u>Bivalve</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dim`y*a"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the Dimya.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Dimya.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dim"y*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Dimyarian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>dyne</i>,
<i>dyn</i>; akin to Icel. <i>dynr</i>, and to AS. <i>dynian</i> to
resound, Icel. <i>dynja</i> to pour down like hail or rain; cf. Skr.
<i>dhuni</i> roaring, a torrent, <i>dhvan</i> to sound.  Cf.
<u>Dun</u> to ask payment.] <def>Loud, confused, harsh noise; a loud,
continuous, rattling or clanging sound; clamor; roar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Think you a little <i>din</i> can daunt mine
ears?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He knew the battle's <i>din</i> afar.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The dust and <i>din</i> and steam of
town.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Din</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dinned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dinning</u>.] [AS. <i>dynian</i>. See <u>Din</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with confused
or clanging sound; to stun with loud and continued noise; to harass
with clamor; as, to <i>din</i> the ears with cries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter with a din; to repeat noisily; to
ding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This hath been often <i>dinned</i> in my
ears.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To din into</b></col>, <cd>to fix in the mind of another
by frequent and noisy repetitions.</cd>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Din</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sound with a din; a
ding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gay viol <i>dinning</i> in the dale.</blockquote>
<i>A. Seward.</i></p>

<p><hw>di*naph"thyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>naphthyl</i>ene.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, crystalline
hydrocarbon, C<sub>20</sub>H<sub>14</sub>, obtained from naphthylene,
and consisting of a doubled naphthylene radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"nar</hw> (d&imacr;"n&etilde;r <i>or</i> d&esl;*n&auml;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>d&imacr;n&amacr;r</i>, from Gr.
<grk>dhna`rion</grk>, fr. L. <i>denarius</i>. See <u>Denier</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A petty money of accounts of
Persia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ancient gold coin of the
East.</def></p>

<p><hw>di"nar*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Diarchy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dine</hw> (d&imacr;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dined</u> (d&imacr;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dining</u>.] [F. <i>d&icirc;ner</i>, OF.
<i>disner</i>, LL. <i>disnare</i>, contr. fr. an assumed
<i>disjunare</i>; <i>dis-</i> + an assumed <i>junare</i> (OF.
<i>juner</i>) to fast, for L. <i>jejunare</i>, fr. <i>jejunus</i>
fasting. See <u>Jejune</u>, and cf. <u>Dinner</u>,
<u>D&?;jeuner</u>.] <def>To eat the principal regular meal of the
day; to take dinner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now can I break my fast, <i>dine</i>, sup, and
sleep.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dine with Duke Humphrey</b></col>, <cd>to go without
dinner; -- a phrase common in Elizabethan literature, said to be from
the practice of the poor gentry, who beguiled the dinner hour by a
promenade near the tomb of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, in Old Saint
Paul's.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
give a dinner to; to furnish with the chief meal; to feed; as, to
<i>dine</i> a hundred men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A table massive enough to have <i>dined</i> Johnnie
Armstrong and his merry men.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dine upon; to have to eat.</def> [Obs.]
"What will ye <i>dine</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Din"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Din"er-out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who often
takes his dinner away from home, or in company.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A brilliant <i>diner-out</i>, though but a
curate.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*net"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to whirl
round.] <def>Revolving on an axis.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dinged</u> (?), <u>Dang</u> (Obs.), or <u>Dung</u>
(Obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dinging</u>.] [OE.
<i>dingen</i>, <i>dengen</i>; akin to AS. <i>dencgan</i> to knock,
Icel. <i>dengja</i> to beat, hammer, Sw. <i>d&auml;nga</i>, G.
<i>dengeln</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dash; to throw
violently.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>ding</i> the book a coit's distance from
him.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to sound or ring.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To ding (anything) in one's ears</b></col>, <cd>to impress
one by noisy repetition, as if by hammering.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ding</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strike; to thump; to pound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Diken, or delven, or <i>dingen</i> upon
sheaves.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sound, as a bell; to ring; to
clang.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fretful tinkling of the convent bell evermore
<i>dinging</i> among the mountain echoes.</blockquote> <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To talk with vehemence, importunity, or
reiteration; to bluster.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Ding</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thump or stroke,
especially of a bell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ding"dong`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ding</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sound of, or as of, repeated strokes on a
metallic body, as a bell; a repeated and monotonous sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Horol.)</i> <def>An attachment to a clock
by which the quarter hours are struck upon bells of different
tones.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Din"gey</hw> (?), <hw>Din"gy</hw>, <hw>Din"ghy</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Bengalee <i>dingi</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A kind of boat used in the East Indies.</def> [Written also
<i>dinghey</i>.]  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ship's smallest boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Din"gi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dingy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Din"gi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
dingy; a dusky hue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Din"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin:
cf. AS. <i>ding</i> prison; or perh. akin to <i>dimble</i>.] <def>A
narrow dale; a small dell; a small, secluded, and embowered
valley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Din"gle-dan`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dangling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Din"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A wild dog found in Australia, but supposed to have introduced
at a very early period. It has a wolflike face, bushy tail, and a
reddish brown color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ding"thrift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
spendthrift.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wilt thou, therefore, a drunkard be,<BR>
A <i>dingthrift</i> and a knave?</blockquote> <i>Drant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Din"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Dingier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Dingiest</u>.] [Prob. fr. <i>dung</i>.
Cf. <u>Dungy</u>.] <def>Soiled; sullied; of a dark or dusky color;
dark brown; dirty.</def> "Scraps of <i>dingy</i> paper."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Di*nich"thys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; terrible + &?; fish.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of large
extinct Devonian ganoid fishes. In some parts of Ohio remains of the
Dinichthys are abundant, indicating animals twenty feet in
length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Din"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>from
<u>Dine</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>&fist; Used either adjectively or as the first part of a compound;
as, <i>dining</i> hall or <i>dining</i>-hall, <i>dining</i> room,
<i>dining</i> table, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Dink</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>Trim; neat.</def> [Scot.] <i>Burns.</i> -- <wf>Dink"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deck; -- often with
<i>out</i> or <i>up</i>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Din"mont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A wether sheep between one and two years old.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Din"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&icirc;ner</i>,
fr. <i>d&icirc;ner</i> to dine. See <u>Dine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The principal meal of the day, eaten by most people about
midday, but by many (especially in cities) at a later hour.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An entertainment; a feast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A grand political <i>dinner</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Dinner</i> is much used, in an obvious sense, either
adjectively or as the first part of a compound; as, <i>dinner</i>
time, or <i>dinner</i>-time, <i>dinner</i> bell, <i>dinner</i> hour,
etc.</p>

<p><hw>Din"ner*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
dinner.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Din"ner*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
dinner.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dinnerly</i> officer.</blockquote>
<i>Copley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Di*noc"e*ras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; terrible + &?;, &?;, horn.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of
large extinct Eocene mammals from Wyoming; -- called also
<i>Uintatherium</i>. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They were herbivorous, and remarkable for three pairs of
hornlike protuberances on the skull. The males were armed with a pair
of powerful canine tusks.</p>

<p><hw>||Di*nor"nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
terrible + &?; bird.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of extinct,
ostrichlike birds of gigantic size, which formerly inhabited New
Zealand. See <u>Moa</u>.</def> [Written also <i>Deinornis</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Di"no*saur</hw> (?), <hw>Di`no*sau"ri*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; terrible + &?; lizard.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of the Dinosauria.</def> [Written also
<i>deinosaur</i>, and <i>deinosaurian</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Di`no*sau"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; terrible + &?; lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An order of
extinct mesozoic reptiles, mostly of large size (whence the name).
Notwithstanding their size, they present birdlike characters in the
skeleton, esp. in the pelvis and hind limbs. Some walked on their
three-toed hind feet, thus producing the large "bird tracks," so-
called, of mesozoic sandstones; others were five-toed and
quadrupedal. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Compsognathus</u>, also
<i>Illustration</i> of <i>Dinosaur</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di"no*there</hw> (?), <hw>||Di`no*the"ri*um</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>dinotherium</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>deino`s</grk> terrible + <grk>qhri`on</grk> beast.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A large extinct proboscidean mammal from the
miocene beds of Europe and Asia. It is remarkable fora pair of tusks
directed downward from the decurved apex of the lower jaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Din*ox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Dioxide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Din"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
din.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dint</i>,
<i>dent</i>, <i>dunt</i>, a blow, AS. <i>dynt</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>dyntr</i> a dint, <i>dynta</i> to dint, and perh. to L.
<i>fendere</i> (in composition).  Cf. 1st <u>Dent</u>,
<u>Defend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blow; a stroke.</def>
[Obs.] "Mortal <i>dint</i>." <i>Milton.</i> "Like thunder's
<i>dint</i>."  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mark left by a blow; an indentation or
impression made by violence; a dent.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>dint</i> a sword had beaten in it [the
shield].</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Force; power; -- esp. in the phrase <i>by
dint of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now you weep; and, I perceive, you feel<BR>
The <i>dint</i> of pity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was by <i>dint</i> of passing strength<BR>
That he moved the massy stone at length.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dinted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dinting</u>.] <def>To make a mark or cavity on or in, by a blow or
by pressure; to dent.</def>  <i>Donne. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*nu`mer*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dinumeratio</i>; <i>di- = dis-</i> + <i>numerare</i> to count, fr.
<i>numerus</i> number.] <def>Enumeration.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bullokar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*oc"e*san</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>dioecesanus</i>: cf. F. <i>dioc&eacute;sain</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a diocese; as, <i>diocesan</i> missions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*oc"e*san</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A bishop, viewed in relation to his diocese; as, the
<i>diocesan</i> of New York.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The clergy or the people of a
diocese.</def>  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"o*cese</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dioceses</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>diocise</i>, OF.
<i>diocise</i>, F. <i>dioc&eacute;se</i>, L. <i>dioecesis</i>, fr.
Gr. &?; housekeeping, administration, a province, a diocese, fr. &?;
to keep house, manage; <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to manage a
household, &?; a house. See <u>Economy</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The
circuit or extent of a bishop's jurisdiction; the district in which a
bishop exercises his ecclesiastical authority.</def> [Frequently, but
improperly, spelt <i>diocess</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Di`o*ce"se*ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
belongs to a diocese.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"o*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk> =
<grk>di`s-</grk> twice + <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a
tooth: cf. F. <i>diodon</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of spinose, plectognath fishes, having the teeth of each
jaw united into a single beaklike plate. They are able to inflate the
body by taking in air or water, and, hence, are called
<i>globefishes</i>, <i>swellfishes</i>, etc. Called also <i>porcupine
fishes</i>, and <i>sea hedgehogs</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
whales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"o*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or pertaining to the genus Diodon.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fish of the genus Diodon, or an allied
genus.</def></p>

<p><! p. 415 !></p>

<p><hw>||Di*&oelig;"ci*a</hw> (d&isl;*&emacr;"sh&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>di</grk> =
<grk>di`s</grk> twice + <grk>o'i^kos</grk> a house.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of plants
having the stamens and pistils on different plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A subclass of
gastropod mollusks in which the sexes are separate. It includes most
of the large marine species, like the conchs, cones, and
cowries.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di*&oelig;"cian</hw> (?), <hw>Di*&oelig;"cious</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the sexes in two
separate individuals; -- applied to plants in which the female
flowers occur on one individual and the male flowers on another of
the same species, and to animals in which the ovum is produced by one
individual and the sperm cell by another; -- opposed to
<i>mon&oelig;cious</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*&oelig;"cious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>In a di&oelig;cious manner.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Di&oelig;ciously hermaphrodite</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>having flowers structurally perfect, but practically
di&oelig;cious, -- those on one plant producing no pollen, and those
on another no ovules.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*&oelig;"cious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The state or quality of being
di&oelig;cious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*&oelig;"cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The condition of being di&oelig;cious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*og"e*nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Greek Cynic
philosopher (412?-323 <u>B. C.</u>) who lived much in Athens and was
distinguished for contempt of the common aims and conditions of life,
and for sharp, caustic sayings.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diogenes' crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
species of terrestrial hermit crabs (<i>Cenobita Diogenes</i>),
abundant in the West Indies and often destructive to crops.</cd> --
<col><b>Diogenes' tub</b></col>, <cd>the tub which the philosopher
Diogenes is said to have carried about with him as his house, in
which he lived.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*oi"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Di&oelig;cious</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*om`e*de"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of large sea birds, including the
albatross. See <u>Albatross</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`o*n&aelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a name of Aphrodite.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An insectivorous plant.
See <u>Venus's flytrap</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`o*ny"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
Dionysius, a monk of the 6th century; as, the <i>Dionysian</i>, or
Christian, era.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dionysian period</b></col>, <cd>a period of 532 years,
depending on the cycle of the sun, or 28 years, and the cycle of the
moon, or 19 years; -- sometimes called the <i>Greek paschal
cycle</i>, or <i>Victorian period</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di`o*phan"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Originated
or taught by Diophantus, the Greek writer on algebra.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diophantine analysis</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>that
branch of indeterminate analysis which has for its object the
discovery of rational values that satisfy given equations containing
squares or cubes; as, for example, to find values of <i>x</i> and
<i>y</i> which make <i>x<sup>2</sup> + y<sup>2</sup></i> an exact
square.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*op"side</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk>
= <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; a sight, fr. the root of &?; I shall
see: cf. F. <i>diopside</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A crystallized
variety of pyroxene, of a clear, grayish green color;
mussite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*op"tase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; =
<grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to see: cf. F. <i>dioptase</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous silicate of copper, occurring in
emerald-green crystals.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di*op"ter</hw> (?), <hw>||Di*op"tra</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dioptra</i>, fr. Gr. &?;. See 2d
<u>Dioptric</u>.] <def>An optical instrument, invented by Hipparchus,
for taking altitudes, leveling, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*op"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See 2d
<u>Dioptric</u>.] <i>(Optics)</i> <def>A unit employed by oculists in
numbering glasses according to the metric system; a refractive power
equal to that of a glass whose principal focal distance is one
meter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*op"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Optics)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the dioptre, or to the metric system of
numbering glasses.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dioptre. See
<u>Dioptre</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di*op"tric</hw> (?), <hw>Di*op"tric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; belonging to the use of the &?;; &?; =
<grk>dia`</grk> through + the root of &?; I shall see: cf. F.
<i>dioptrique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to dioptrics; assisting
vision by means of the refraction of light; refractive; as, the
<i>dioptric</i> system; a <i>dioptric</i> glass or telescope.</def>
"<i>Dioptrical</i> principles."  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dioptric curve</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a Cartesian
oval. See under <u>Cartesian</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*op"trics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; &?;: cf.
F. <i>dioptrique</i>.] <i>(Optics)</i> <def>The science of the
refraction of light; that part of geometrical optics which treats of
the laws of the refraction of light in passing from one medium into
another, or through different mediums, as air, water, or glass, and
esp. through different lenses; -- distinguished from
<i>catoptrics</i>, which refers to <i>reflected</i> light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*op"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Optics)</i>
<def>A dioptre.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`o*ra"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to see
through; &?; = <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to see; cf. &?; that
which is seen, a sight: cf. F. <i>diorama</i>.  Cf. <u>Panorama</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mode of scenic representation, invented by
Daguerre and Bouton, in which a painting is seen from a distance
through a large opening. By a combination of transparent and opaque
painting, and of transmitted and reflected light, and by contrivances
such as screens and shutters, much diversity of scenic effect is
produced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A building used for such an
exhibition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`o*ram"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
a diorama.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"o*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
distinguish; &?; = <grk>dia`</grk> through + &?; to divide from, fr.
&?; a boundary.] <def>Definition; logical direction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`o*ris"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Distinguishing; distinctive; defining.</def> [R.] --
<wf>Di`o*ris"tic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]  <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"o*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>diorite</i>. See <u>Diorism</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An igneous,
crystalline in structure, consisting essentially of a triclinic
feldspar and hornblende. It includes part of what was called
greenstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`o*rit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
diorite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`or*thot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; =
&?; + &?; to set straight.] <def>Relating to the correcting or
straightening out of something; corrective.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`os*co"re*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named
after <i>Dioscorides</i> the Greek physician.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of plants. See <u>Yam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*o"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; two-
handled; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?;, &?;, ear,
handle.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A vase or drinking cup having two
handles or ears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ox"ide</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-
</i> + <i>oxide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
oxide containing two atoms of oxygen in each molecule;
binoxide.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An oxide containing but one
atom or equivalent of oxygen to two of a metal; a suboxide.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Carbon dioxide</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Carbonic acid</i>,
under <u>Carbonic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di`ox*in"dol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>ox</i>ygen + <i>indol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white,
crystalline, nitrogenous substance obtained by the reduction of
isatin. It is a member of the indol series; -- hence its
name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dipped</u> (?) or <u>Dipt</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dipping</u>.] [OE. <i>dippen</i>, <i>duppen</i>,
AS. <i>dyppan</i>; akin to Dan. <i>dyppe</i>, Sw. <i>doppa</i>, and
to AS. <i>d&?;pan</i> to baptize, OS. <i>d&?;pian</i>, D.
<i>doopen</i>, G. <i>taufen</i>, Sw. <i>d&ouml;pa</i>, Goth.
<i>daupjan</i>, Lith. <i>dubus</i> deep, hollow, OSlav.
<i>dupl&?;</i> hollow, and to E. <i>dive</i>.  Cf. <u>Deep</u>,
<u>Dive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To plunge or immerse;
especially, to put for a moment into a liquid; to insert into a fluid
and withdraw again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The priest shall <i>dip</i> his finger in the
blood.</blockquote> <i>Lev. iv. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Wat'ry fowl] now <i>dip</i> their pinions in the
briny deep.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While the prime swallow <i>dips</i> his
wing.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To immerse for baptism; to baptize by
immersion.</def>  <i>Book of Common Prayer. Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wet, as if by immersing; to
moisten.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>A cold shuddering dew<BR>
<i>Dips</i> me all o'er.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To plunge or engage thoroughly in any
affair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was . . . <i>dipt</i> in the rebellion of the
Commons.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To take out, by dipping a dipper, ladle,
or other receptacle, into a fluid and removing a part; -- often with
<i>out</i>; as, to <i>dip</i> water from a boiler; to <i>dip</i> out
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To engage as a pledge; to mortgage.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Live on the use and never <i>dip</i> thy
lands.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dipped candle</b></col>, <cd>a candle made by repeatedly
dipping a wick in melted tallow.</cd> -- <col><b>To dip
snuff</b></col>, <cd>to take snuff by rubbing it on the gums and
teeth.</cd> [Southern U. S.] -- <col><b>To dip the colors</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to lower the colors and return them to place; --
a form of naval salute.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dip</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
immerse one's self; to become plunged in a liquid; to sink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun's rim <i>dips</i>; the stars rush
out.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perform the action of plunging some
receptacle, as a dipper, ladle. etc.; into a liquid or a soft
substance and removing a part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whoever <i>dips</i> too deep will find death in the
pot.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pierce; to penetrate; -- followed by
<i>in</i> or <i>into</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When I <i>dipt</i> into the future.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To enter slightly or cursorily; to engage
one's self desultorily or by the way; to partake limitedly; --
followed by <i>in</i> or <i>into</i>.</def> "<i>Dipped</i> into a
multitude of books."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To incline downward from the plane of the
horizon; as, strata of rock <i>dip</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To dip snuff.</def> [Southern U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
action of dipping or plunging for a moment into a liquid.</def> "The
<i>dip</i> of oars in unison."  <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclination downward; direction below a
horizontal line; slope; pitch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A liquid, as a sauce or gravy, served at
table with a ladle or spoon.</def> [Local, U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A dipped candle.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dip of the horizon</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
angular depression of the seen or visible horizon below the true or
natural horizon; the angle at the eye of an observer between a
horizontal line and a tangent drawn from the eye to the surface of
the ocean.</cd> -- <col><b>Dip of the needle</b></col>, or
<col><b>Magnetic dip</b></col>, <cd>the angle formed, in a vertical
plane, by a freely suspended magnetic needle, or the line of magnetic
force, with a horizontal line; -- called also
<i>inclination</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dip of a stratum</b></col>
<i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>its greatest angle of inclination to the horizon,
or that of a line perpendicular to its direction or strike; -- called
also the <i>pitch</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*pas"chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
<i>paschal</i>.] <def>Including two passovers.</def>
<i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dip"chick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Dabchick</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>petalous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two petals; two-
petaled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*phe"nyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
<i>phenyl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>, obtained by
leading benzene through a heated iron tube. It consists of two
benzene or phenyl radicals united.</def></p>

<p><hw>Diph*the"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
leather (hence taken in the sense of <i>membrane</i>): cf. &?; to
make soft, L. <i>depsere</i> to knead.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A very
dangerous contagious disease in which the air passages, and
especially the throat, become coated with a false membrane, produced
by the solidification of an inflammatory exudation.  Cf.
<u>Group</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Diph*the"ri*al</hw> (?), <hw>Diph*ther"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to diphtheria;
diphtheritic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Diph`the*rit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or connected with,
diphtheria.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having characteristics resembling those of
diphtheria; as, <i>diphtheritic</i> inflammation of the
bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Diph"thong</hw> (?; 115, 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diphthongus</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice
+ &?; voice, sound, fr. &?; to utter a sound: cf. F.
<i>diphthongue</i>.] <i>(Ortho&euml;py)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A coalition or union of two vowel sounds pronounced in one
syllable; as, <i>ou</i> in <i>out</i>, <i>oi</i> in <i>noise</i>; --
called a <i>proper diphthong</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
vowel digraph; a union of two vowels in the same syllable, only one
of them being sounded; as, <i>ai</i> in <i>rain</i>, <i>eo</i> in
<i>people</i>; -- called an <i>improper diphthong</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Diph"thong</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form or
pronounce as a diphthong; diphthongize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Diph*thon"gal</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating or belonging to a diphthong; having the nature of a
diphthong.</def> -- <wf>Diph*thon"gal*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Diph*thon"gal*ize</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make into a diphthong; to pronounce as a diphthong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Diph`thon*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Diphthongization</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Diph*thong"ic</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of diphthong; diphthongal.</def>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Diph`thong*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of changing into a diphthong.</def>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Diph"thong*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
change into a diphthong, as by affixing another vowel to a simple
vowel.</def> "The <i>diphthongized</i> long vowels."  <i>H.
Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Diph`y*cer"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>difyh`s</grk> double (<grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice +
<grk>fy`ein</grk> to produce) + <grk>ke`rkos</grk> tail.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the tail fin divided into two equal parts
by the notochord, or end of the vertebral column; protocercal. See
<u>Protocercal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Diph`y*gen"ic</hw> (-j&ebreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>difyh`s</grk> of double form + <i>-
genic</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having two modes of embryonic
development.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Diph"yl*lous</hw> (d&ibreve;f"&ibreve;l*l&ubreve;s <i>or</i>
d&isl;*f&ibreve;l"-), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk> =
<grk>di`s-</grk> twice + <grk>fy`llon</grk> leaf: cf. F.
<i>diphylle</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two leaves, as a calyx,
etc.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Diph"y*o*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; double
(<grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; to produce) +
<grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, tooth.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having two successive sets of teeth (deciduous and permanent),
one succeeding the other; as, a <i>diphyodont</i> mammal;
<i>diphyodont</i> dentition; -- opposed to <i>monophyodont</i>.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An animal having two successive sets of
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Diph`y*o*zo"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of
double from + E. <i>zooid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
free-swimming sexual zooids of Siphonophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*pla"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
<i>plane</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to two
planes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*plei"do*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
double + &?; image + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An
instrument for determining the time of apparent noon. It consists of
two mirrors and a plane glass disposed in the form of a prism, so
that, by the reflections of the sun's rays from their surfaces, two
images are presented to the eye, moving in opposite directions, and
coinciding at the instant the sun's center is on the
meridian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip`lo*blas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
doublet + <i>-blast + -ic</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Characterizing
the ovum when it has two primary germinal layers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip`lo*car"di*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
double + E. <i>cardiac</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the heart
completely divided or double, one side systemic, the other
pulmonary.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dip`lo*coc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Diplococci</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>diplo`os</grk>
twofold + <grk>ko`kkos</grk> grain, seed.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A form
of micrococcus in which cocci are united in a binary manner. See
<u>Micrococcus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dip"lo*&euml;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; fold, fr. &?; twofold, double.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The soft,
spongy, or cancellated substance between the plates of the
skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip`lo*et"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Diploic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip`lo*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; double +
the root of &?; to produce.] <def>Partaking of the nature of two
bodies; producing two substances.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*plo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the diplo&euml;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; twofold +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A solid bounded by twenty-
four similar quadrilateral faces. It is a hemihedral form of the
hexoctahedron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*plo"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Diplomas</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to double,
fr. &?; twofold. See <u>Double</u>.] <def>A letter or writing,
usually under seal, conferring some privilege, honor, or power; a
document bearing record of a degree conferred by a literary society
or educational institution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*plo"ma*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>diplomatie</i>. This word, like <i>supremacy</i>, retains the
accent of its original. See <u>Diploma</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art and practice of conducting negotiations between nations
(particularly in securing treaties), including the methods and forms
usually employed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dexterity or skill in securing advantages;
tact.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The body of ministers or envoys resident
at a court; the diplomatic body.</def> [R.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dip"lo*mat</hw> (?), <hw>Dip"lo*mate</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>diplomate</i>.] <def>A
diplomatist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip"lo*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To invest
with a title or privilege by diploma.</def> [R.]  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dip`lo*ma"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Diplomatic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Dip`lo*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Dip`lo*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>diplomatique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to diplomacy; relating to the foreign ministers at a
court, who are called the <i>diplomatic body</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by tact and shrewdness;
dexterous; artful; as, <i>diplomatic</i> management.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to diplomatics;
paleographic.</def>  <i>Astle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dip`lo*mat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A minister,
official agent, or envoy to a foreign court; a diplomatist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip`lo*mat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>According to the rules of diplomacy; in the manner of a
diplomatist; artfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip`lo*mat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
of diplomas, or the art of deciphering ancient writings, and
determining their age, authenticity, etc.; paleography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*plo"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Diplomacy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*plo"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>diplomatiste</i> a student of diplomatics.] <def>A person employed
in, or skilled in, diplomacy; a diplomat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In ability, Avaux had no superior among the numerous
able <i>diplomatists</i> whom his country then
possessed.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Di*plo"pi*a</hw> (?), <hw>Dip"lo*py</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>diplopia</i>, from Gr. &?; double + the
root of &?; sight: cf. F. <i>diplopie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
act or state of seeing double.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In <i>crossed</i> or <i>heteronymous diplopia</i> the image
seen by the right eye is upon the left hand, and that seen by the
left eye is upon the right hand. In <i>homonymous diplopia</i> the
image seen by the right eye is on the right side, that by the left
eye on the left side. In <i>vertical diplopia</i> one image stands
above the other.</p>

<p><! p. 416 !></p>

<p><hw>Dip"lo*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Diplopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*plop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
double + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
myriapods having two pairs of legs on each segment; the
Chilognatha.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip`lo*stem"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
double + &?; the warp, a thread.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having twice as
many stamens as petals, as the geranium.</def>  <i>R. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dip`lo*stem"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The condition of being diplostemonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dip*neu"mo*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; = &?; lung.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of spiders
having only two lunglike organs.</def> [Written also
<i>Dipneumones</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Dip"no*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; &?; with two breathing apertures; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-
</grk> twice + &?; breath.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
ganoid fishes, including the living genera <i>Ceratodus</i> and
<i>Lepidosiren</i>, which present the closest approximation to the
Amphibia. The air bladder acts as a lung, and the nostrils open
inside the mouth. See <u>Ceratodus</u>, and <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dipodies</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; two-footed;
<grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?;, &?;, foot.]
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Two metrical feet taken together, or included in
one measure.</def>  <i>Hadley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Trochaic, iambic, and anapestic verses . . . are
measured by <i>dipodies</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. W. Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*po"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pre. <i>di-</i> +
<i>polar</i>.  Cf. <u>Bipolar</u>.] <def>Having two poles, as a
magnetic bar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip"pel's oil`</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> [From the name of the
inventor.] <def>See <i>Bone oil</i>, under <u>Bone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, dips; especially, a vessel used to dip
water or other liquid; a ladle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
small grebe; the dabchick.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The buffel
duck.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The water ouzel (<i>Cinolus
aquaticus</i>) of Europe.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The American
dipper or ouzel (<i>Cinclus Mexicanus</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Dipper</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the seven
principal stars in the constellation of the Great Bear; popularly so
called from their arrangement in the form of a dipper; -- called also
<i>Charles's Wain</i>. See <i>Ursa Major</i>, under
<u>Ursa</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dip"ping</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of immersing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of inclining downward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of lifting or moving a liquid with
a dipper, ladle, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The process of cleaning or brightening
sheet metal or metalware, esp. brass, by dipping it in acids,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The practice of taking snuff by rubbing
the teeth or gums with a stick or brush dipped in snuff.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Dipping needle</b></col>, <cd>a magnetic needle suspended
at its center of gravity, and moving freely in a vertical plane, so
as to indicate on a graduated circle the magnetic dip or
inclination.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di`pris*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prefix <i>di-
</i> + <i>prismatic</i>.] <def>Doubly prismatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`pro*par"gyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prefix <i>di-
</i> + <i>propargyl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A pungent, mobile,
volatile liquid, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>, produced artificially
from certain allyl derivatives. Though isomeric with benzine, it is
very different in its chemical relations. Called also
<i>dipropinyl</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*pro"pyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
<i>propyl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the hexane paraffins,
found in petroleum, consisting of two propyl radicals. See
<u>Hexane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*pro"to*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-
</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; first + <grk>'odoy`s</grk>,
<grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct
Quaternary marsupial from Australia, about as large as the
hippopotamus; -- so named because of its two large front teeth. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip"sas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; thirst.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A serpent whose bite was fabled
to produce intense thirst.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of harmless
colubrine snakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip*set"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Tending to produce thirst.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dip`so*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; thirst + &?; mania.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid an
uncontrollable craving (often periodic) for drink, esp. for alcoholic
liquors; also improperly used to denote acute and chronic
alcoholism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip`so*ma"ni*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
has an irrepressible desire for alcoholic drinks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip`so*ma*ni"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to dipsomania.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dip*so"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
thirst.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Excessive thirst produced by
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dip"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; with two wings, <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?;
feather, wing: cf. F. <i>dipt&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An extensive order of insects having only two functional wings
and two balancers, as the house fly, mosquito, etc. They have a
suctorial proboscis, often including two pairs of sharp organs
(mandibles and maxill&aelig;) with which they pierce the skin of
animals. They undergo a complete metamorphosis, their larv&aelig;
(called maggots) being usually without feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip"ter*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having two wings only; belonging to the
order Diptera.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Arch.)</i> <def>Having a double row of
columns on each on the flanks, as well as in front and rear; -- said
of a temple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip"ter*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An insect of the order Diptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dip`te*ro*car"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; with two wings + &?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
trees found in the East Indies, some species of which produce a
fragrant resin, other species wood oil. The fruit has two long
wings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having two wings, as certain insects;
belonging to the order Diptera.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two wings; two-
winged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip`ter*yg"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-
</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; a fin, dim. of &?; wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having two dorsal fins; -- said of certain
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip"tote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>di-
</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; falling, fr. &?; to fall: cf.
F. <i>diptote</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A noun which has only two
cases.</def>  <i>Andrews.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dip"tych</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>diptycha</i>,
pl., fr. Gr. &?; folded, doubled; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk>
twice + &?; to fold, double up.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything
consisting of two leaves.</def> Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Roman Antiq.)</i> <def>A writing tablet consisting of two leaves
of rigid material connected by hinges and shutting together so as to
protect the writing within.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A picture
or series of pictures painted on two tablets connected by hinges. See
<u>Triptych</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A double catalogue, containing in one part
the names of living, and in the other of deceased, ecclesiastics and
benefactors of the church; a catalogue of saints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*pyre"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk> =
<grk>di`s-</grk> twice fire.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of the
scapolite group; -- so called from the double effect of fire upon it,
in fusing it, and   rendering it phosphorescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`py*re"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>pyrene</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Containing two stones or
nutlets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*pyr"i*dine</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>di-</i> + <i>pyridine</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A polymeric form
of pyridine, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>10</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, obtained as a
colorless oil by the action of sodium on pyridine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*pyr"i*dyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>pyrid</i>ine + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline
nitrogenous base, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>8</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, obtained
by the reduction of pyridine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ra`di*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-
</i> + <i>radiation</i>.] <def>The emission and diffusion of rays of
light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dire</hw> (d&imacr;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Direr</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Direst</u>.] [L. <i>dirus</i>; of
uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ill-boding; portentous;
as, <i>dire</i> omens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evil in great degree; dreadful; dismal;
horrible; terrible; lamentable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dire</i> was the tossing, deep the
groans.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gorgons and hydras and chimeras
<i>dire</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>directus</i>,
p. p. of <i>dirigere</i> to direct: cf. F. <i>direct</i>. See
<u>Dress</u>, and cf. <u>Dirge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Straight; not crooked, oblique, or circuitous; leading by the
short or shortest way to a point or end; as, a <i>direct</i> line;
<i>direct</i> means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What is <i>direct</i> to, what slides by, the
question.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Straightforward; not of crooked ways, or
swerving from truth and openness; sincere; outspoken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be even and <i>direct</i> with me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Immediate; express; plain;
unambiguous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He nowhere, that I know, says it in <i>direct</i>
words.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>direct</i> and avowed interference with
elections.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In the line of descent; not collateral;
as, a descendant in the <i>direct</i> line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>In the direction of the
general planetary motion, or from west to east; in the order of the
signs; not retrograde; -- said of the motion of a celestial
body.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Direct action</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>See <u>Direct-
acting</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Direct discourse</b></col>
<i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>the language of any one quoted without change in
its form; as, he said "I can not come;" -- correlative to <i>indirect
discourse</i>, in which there is change of form; as, he said that he
could not come. They are often called respectively by their Latin
names, <i>oratio directa</i>, and <i>oratio obliqua</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Direct evidence</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>evidence which is
positive or not inferential; -- opposed to <i>circumstantial, or
indirect, evidence</i>. -- This distinction, however, is merely
formal, since there is no direct evidence that is not circumstantial,
or dependent on circumstances for its credibility.</cd>
<i>Wharton.</i> -- <col><b>Direct examination</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>the first examination of a witness in the orderly course, upon
the merits.</cd> <i>Abbott.</i> -- <col><b>Direct fire</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>fire, the direction of which is perpendicular to
the line of troops or to the parapet aimed at.</cd> -- <col><b>Direct
process</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>one which yields metal in
working condition by a single process from the ore.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Direct tax</b></col>, <cd>a tax assessed
directly on lands, etc., and polls, distinguished from taxes on
merchandise, or customs, and from excise.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Directed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Directing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To arrange in a direct or
straight line, as against a mark, or towards a goal; to point; to
aim; as, to <i>direct</i> an arrow or a piece of ordnance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To point out or show to (any one), as the
direct or right course or way; to guide, as by pointing out the way;
as, he <i>directed</i> me to the left-hand road.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord <i>direct</i> your into the love of
God.</blockquote> <i>2 Thess. iii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The next points to which I will <i>direct</i> your
attention.</blockquote> <i>Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To determine the direction or course of;
to cause to go on in a particular manner; to order in the way to a
certain end; to regulate; to govern; as, to <i>direct</i> the affairs
of a nation or the movements of an army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>direct</i> their work in truth.</blockquote>
<i>Is. lxi. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To point out to with authority; to
instruct as a superior; to order; as, he <i>directed</i> them to
go.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll first <i>direct</i> my men what they shall
do.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To put a direction or address upon; to
mark with the name and residence of the person to whom anything is
sent; to superscribe; as, to <i>direct</i> a letter.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To guide; lead; conduct; dispose; manage; regulate;
order; instruct; command.</p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give
direction; to point out a course; to act as guide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wisdom is profitable to <i>direct</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Eccl. x. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
character, thus [&?;], placed at the end of a staff on the line or
space of the first note of the next staff, to apprise the performer
of its situation.</def>  <i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"-act`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>Acting directly, as one part upon another, without the
intervention of other working parts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Direct-acting steam engine</b></col>, <cd>one in which
motion is transmitted to the crank without the intervention of a beam
or lever; -- also called <i>direct-action steam engine</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Direct-acting steam pump</b></col>, <cd>one in which the
steam piston rod is directly connected with the pump rod; -- also
called <i>direct-action steam pump</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
directs; a director.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Directer plane</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the plane to
which all right-lined elements in a warped surface are
parallel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*rec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>directio</i>: cf. F. <i>direction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of directing, of aiming, regulating, guiding, or
ordering; guidance; management; superintendence; administration; as,
the <i>direction</i> o&?; public affairs or of a bank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do commit his youth<BR>
To your <i>direction</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All nature is but art, unknown to thee;<BR>
ll chance, <i>direction</i>, which thou canst not see.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is imposed by directing; a
guiding or authoritative instruction; prescription; order; command;
as, he grave <i>directions</i> to the servants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The princes digged the well . . . by the
<i>direction</i> of the law giver.</blockquote> <i>Numb. xxi.
18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The name and residence of a person to whom
any thing is sent, written upon the thing sent; superscription;
address; as, the <i>direction</i> of a letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The line or course upon which anything is
moving or aimed to move, or in which anything is lying or pointing;
aim; line or point of tendency; direct line or course; as, the ship
sailed in a southeasterly <i>direction</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The body of managers of a corporation or
enterprise; board of directors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>The pointing of a piece with
reference to an imaginary vertical axis; -- distinguished from
<i>elevation</i>. The <i>direction</i> is given when the plane of
sight passes through the object.</def>  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Administration; guidance; management;
superintendence; oversight; government; order; command; guide; clew.
<u>Direction</u>, <u>Control</u>, <u>Command</u>, <u>Order</u>. These
words, as here compared, have reference to the exercise of power over
the actions of others. <i>Control</i> is negative, denoting power to
restrain; <i>command</i> is positive, implying a right to enforce
obedience; <i>directions</i> are commands containing instructions how
to act. <i>Order</i> conveys more prominently the idea of authority
than the word <i>direction</i>. A shipmaster has the <i>command</i>
of his vessel; he gives <i>orders</i> or <i>directions</i> to the
seamen as to the mode of sailing it; and exercises a due
<i>control</i> over the passengers.</p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>directivus</i>: cf. F. <i>directif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having power to direct; tending to direct, guide, or govern;
showing the way.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The precepts <i>directive</i> of our practice in
relation to God.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Able to be directed; manageable.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Swords and bows<BR>
<i>Directive</i> by the limbs.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a direct manner; in a straight line or course.</def> "To run
<i>directly</i> on."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Indirectly and <i>directly</i> too<BR>
Thou hast contrived against the very life<BR>
Of the defendant.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a straightforward way; without anything
intervening; not by secondary, but by direct, means.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without circumlocution or ambiguity;
absolutely; in express terms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man hath hitherto been so impious as plainly and
<i>directly</i> to condemn prayer.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Exactly; just.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stand you <i>directly</i> in Antonius'
way.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Straightforwardly; honestly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have dealt most <i>directly</i> in thy
affair.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Manifestly; openly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Desdemona is <i>directly</i> in love with
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Straightway; next in order; without delay;
immediately.</def> "Will she go now to bed?'
&?;<i>Directly</i>.<i>'</i>"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Immediately after; as soon as.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Directly</i> he stopped, the coffin was
removed.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This use of the word is common in England, especially in
colloquial speech, but it can hardly be regarded as a well-sanctioned
or desirable use.</p>

<p><col><b>Directly proportional</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>proportional in the order of the terms; increasing or decreasing
together, and with a constant ratio; -- opposed to <i>inversely
proportional</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Immediately; forthwith; straightway; instantly;
instantaneously; soon; promptly; openly; expressly.  --
<u>Directly</u>, <u>Immediately</u>, <u>Instantly</u>,
<u>Instantaneously</u>. <i>Directly</i> denotes, without any delay or
diversion of attention; <i>immediately</i> implies, without any
interposition of other occupation; <i>instantly</i> implies, without
any intervention of time. Hence, "I will do it <i>directly</i>,"
means, "I will go <i>straightway</i> about it." "I will do it
<i>immediately</i>," means, "I will do it as the very <i>next</i>
thing." "I will do it <i>instantly</i>," allows not a particle of
delay. <i>Instantaneously</i>, like <i>instantly</i>, marks an
interval too small to be appreciable, but commonly relates to
physical causes; as, the powder touched by fire
<i>instantaneously</i> exploded.</p>

<p><! p. 417 !></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being direct; straightness; straightforwardness;
immediateness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>directeur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which,
directs; one who regulates, guides, or orders; a manager or
superintendent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all affairs thou sole <i>director</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a body of persons appointed to
manage the affairs of a company or corporation; as, the
<i>directors</i> of a bank, insurance company, or railroad
company.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What made <i>directors</i> cheat in South-Sea
year?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A part of a machine or
instrument which directs its motion or action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A slender grooved
instrument upon which a knife is made to slide when it is wished to
limit the extent of motion of the latter, or prevent its injuring the
parts beneath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>directorat</i>.] <def>The office of director; also, a body of
directors taken jointly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*rec*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>directorial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality of a
director, or authoritative guide; directive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to: director or directory;
specifically, relating to the Directory of France under the first
republic. See <u>Directory</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whoever goes to the <i>directorial</i> presence under
this passport.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"or*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition or office of a director; directorate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>directorius</i>.] <def>Containing directions; enjoining;
instructing; directorial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"o*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Directories</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
collection or body of directions, rules, or ordinances; esp., a book
of directions for the conduct of worship; as, the <i>Directory</i>
used by the nonconformists instead of the Prayer Book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A book containing the names and residences
of the inhabitants of any place, or of classes of them; an address
book; as, a business <i>directory</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>directoire</i>.] <def>A body of
directors; board of management; especially, a committee which held
executive power in France under the first republic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Direction; guide.</def> [R.]
<i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"ress</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
directs.</def>  <i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"rix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Directrixes</b></plw> (&?;), L. <u>Directrices</u> (&?;).
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A directress.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A line
along which a point in another line moves, or which in any way
governs the motion of the point and determines the position of the
curve generated by it; the line along which the generatrix moves in
generating a surface.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A straight line
so situated with respect to a conic section that the distance of any
point of the curve from it has a constant ratio to the distance of
the same point from the focus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dire"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Dire</i> + <i>-
ful</i>.] <def>Dire; dreadful; terrible; calamitous; woeful; as, a
<i>direful</i> fiend; a <i>direful</i> day.</def> --
<wf>Dire"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dire"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dire"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dire
manner.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*rempt"</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diremptus</i>, p. p. of <i>dirimere</i> to take apart, separate;
<i>di- = dis-</i> + <i>emere</i> to buy, orig., to take.]
<def>Divided; separated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Stow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*rempt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To separate by
force; to tear apart.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*remp"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diremptio</i>.] <def>A tearing apart; violent separation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dire"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dire-</i> + <i>-
ness</i>.] <def>Terribleness; horror; woefulness.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*rep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>direptio</i>, fr. <i>diripere</i> to tear asunder, plunder; <i>di-
= dis-</i> + <i>rapere</i> to seize and carry off.] <def>The act of
plundering, despoiling, or snatching away.</def> [R.]
<i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*rep*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characterized by direption.</def> [R.]  <i>Encyc. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*rep*ti"tious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
plundering violence; by violent injustice.</def> [R.]
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dirge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contraction of Lat.
<i>dirige</i>, direct thou (imperative of <i>dirigere</i>), the first
word of a funeral hymn  (Lat. transl. of Psalm v. 8) beginning,
"<i>Dirige</i>, <i>Domine</i>, <i>in conspectu tuo vitam meam</i>."
See <u>Direct</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Dirige</u>.]
<def>A piece of music of a mournful character, to accompany funeral
rites; a funeral hymn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The raven croaked, and hollow shrieks of owls<BR>
Sung <i>dirges</i> at her funeral.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dirge"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Funereal;
moaning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Soothed sadly by the <i>dirgeful</i>
wind.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dir"i*ge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Dirge</u>.]
<def>A service for the dead, in the Roman Catholic Church, being the
first antiphon of Matins for the dead, of which <i>Dirige</i> is the
first word; a dirge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evensongs and placebo and <i>dirige</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Resort, I pray you, unto my sepulture<BR>
To sing my <i>dirige</i> with great devotion.</blockquote>
<i>Lamentation of Mary Magdalene.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dir"i*gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dirigens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>dirigere</i>. See <u>Direct</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Directing.</def>  <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dir"i*gent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The
line of motion along which a describent line or surface is carried in
the genesis of any plane or solid figure; a directrix.</def>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dir"i*gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being directed; steerable; as, a <i>dirigible</i> balloon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dir"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dirimens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>dirimere</i>. See <u>Dirempt</u>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Absolute.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diriment impediment</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>an
impediment that nullifies marriage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dirk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>duirc</i>.] <def>A
kind of dagger or poniard; -- formerly much used by the Scottish
Highlander.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dirk knife</b></col>, <cd>a clasp knife having a large,
dirklike blade.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dirk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dirked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dirking</u>.] <def>To stab with a dirk.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dirk</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Dark</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Dark.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dirk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To darken.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dirk"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Darkness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dirl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Drill</u>,
<u>Thrill</u>.] <def>To thrill; to vibrate; to penetrate.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dirt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>drit</i>; kin to
Icel. <i>drit</i> excrement, <i>dr&imacr;ta</i> to dung, OD.
<i>drijten</i> to dung, AS. <i>gedr&imacr;tan</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any foul of filthy substance, as excrement,
mud, dust, etc.; whatever, adhering to anything, renders it foul or
unclean; earth; as, a wagonload of <i>dirt</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose waters cast up mire and
<i>dirt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is. lvii. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Meanness; sordidness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Honors . . . thrown away upon <i>dirt</i> and
infamy.</blockquote> <i>Melmoth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In placer mining, earth, gravel, etc.,
before washing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dirt bed</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a layer of clayey
earth forming a stratum in a geological formation. Dirt beds are
common among the coal measures.</cd> -- <col><b>Dirt
eating</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The use of certain kinds of
clay for food, existing among some tribes of Indians;
geophagism.</cd> <i>Humboldt.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Chthonophagia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dirt pie</b></col>,
<cd>clay or mud molded by children in imitation of pastry.</cd>
<i>Otway (1684).</i> -- <col><b>To eat dirt</b></col>, <cd>to submit
in a meanly humble manner to insults; to eat humble pie.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dirt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make foul of
filthy; to dirty.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dirt"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dirty
manner; foully; nastily; filthily; meanly; sordidly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dirt"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
dirty; filthiness; foulness; nastiness; baseness;
sordidness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dirt"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Dirtier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Dirtiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Defiled with dirt; foul; nasty; filthy; not clean or pure;
serving to defile; as, <i>dirty</i> hands; <i>dirty</i> water; a
<i>dirty</i> white.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sullied; clouded; -- applied to
color.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sordid; base; groveling; as, a
<i>dirty</i> fellow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The creature's at his <i>dirty</i> work
again.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sleety; gusty; stormy; as, <i>dirty</i>
weather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Storms of wind, clouds of dust, an angry, <i>dirty</i>
sea.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Nasty; filthy; foul. See <u>Nasty</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dirt"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dirtied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dirtying</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To foul; to make filthy; to
soil; as, to <i>dirty</i> the clothes or hands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tarnish; to sully; to scandalize; --
said of reputation, character, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*rup"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diruptio</i>, fr. <i>dirumpere</i>. See <u>Disrupt</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Disruption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis-</hw> (?; 258)<def>.</def> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
prefix from the Latin, whence F. <i>d&eacute;s</i>, or sometimes
<i>d&eacute;</i>-, <i>dis</i>-. The Latin <i>dis-</i>appears as
<i>di-</i>before <i>b</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>g</i>, <i>l</i>, <i>m</i>,
<i>n</i>, <i>r</i>, <i>v</i>, becomes <i>dif-</i>before <i>f</i>, and
either <i>dis-</i>or <i>di-</i> before <i>j</i>. It is from the same
root as <i>bis</i> twice, and <i>duo</i>, E. <i>two</i>. See
<u>Two</u>, and cf. <u>Bi-</u>, <u>Di-</u>, <u>Dia-</u>. <i>Dis-
</i>denotes <i>separation</i>, <i>a parting from</i>, as in
<i>dis</i>tribute, <i>dis</i>connect; hence it often has the force of
a privative and negative, as in <i>dis</i>arm, <i>dis</i>oblige,
<i>dis</i>agree. Also intensive, as in <i>dis</i>sever.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Walker's rule of pronouncing this prefix is, that the
<i>s</i> ought always to be pronounced like <i>z</i>, when the next
syllable is accented and begins with "a flat mute [<i>b</i>,
<i>d</i>, <i>v</i>, <i>g</i>, <i>z</i>], a liquid [<i>l</i>,
<i>m</i>, <i>n</i>, <i>r</i>], or a vowel; as, <i>disable</i>,
<i>disease</i>, <i>disorder</i>, <i>disuse</i>, <i>disband</i>,
<i>disdain</i>, <i>disgrace</i>, <i>disvalue</i>, <i>disjoin</i>,
<i>dislike</i>, <i>dislodge</i>, <i>dismay</i>, <i>dismember</i>,
<i>dismiss</i>, <i>dismount</i>, <i>disnatured</i>, <i>disrank</i>,
<i>disrelish</i>, <i>disrobe</i>." Dr. Webster's example in
disapproving of Walker's rule and pronouncing <i>dis-</i>as
<i>diz</i> in only one (<i>disease</i>) of the above words, is
followed by recent ortho&euml;pists. See <u>Disable</u>,
<u>Disgrace</u>, and the other words, beginning with <i>dis</i>-, in
this Dictionary.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A prefix from Gr. <grk>di`s-</grk> twice.
See <u>Di-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>The god
Pluto.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Disabilities</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>State
of being disabled; deprivation or want of ability; absence of
competent physical, intellectual, or moral power, means, fitness, and
the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grossest faults, or <i>disabilities</i> to perform
what was covenanted.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Chatham refused to see him, pleading his
<i>disability</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of legal qualification to do a thing;
legal incapacity or incompetency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>disabilities</i> of idiocy, infancy, and
coverture.</blockquote> <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Weakness; inability; incompetence; impotence;
incapacity; incompetency; disqualification.  -- <u>Disability</u>,
<u>Inability</u>. <i>Inability</i> is an inherent want of power to
perform the thing in question; <i>disability</i> arises from some
<i>deprivation</i> or loss of the needed competency. One who becomes
deranged is under a <i>disability</i> of holding his estate; and one
who is made a judge, of deciding in his own case. A man may decline
an office on account of his <i>inability</i> to discharge its duties;
he may refuse to accept a trust or employment on account of some
<i>disability</i> prevents him from entering into such
engagements.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*a"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lacking ability;
unable.</def> [Obs.] "Our <i>disable</i> and unactive force."
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*a"ble</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disabled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disabling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render
unable or incapable; to destroy the force, vigor, or power of action
of; to deprive of competent physical or intellectual power; to
incapacitate; to disqualify; to make incompetent or unfit for
service; to impair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A Christian's life is a perpetual exercise, a
wrestling and warfare, for which sensual pleasure <i>disables</i>
him.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And had performed it, if my known offense<BR>
Had not <i>disabled</i> me.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>disabled</i> mine estate.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To deprive of legal right or
qualification; to render legally incapable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An attainder of the ancestor corrupts the blood, and
<i>disables</i> his children to inherit.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of that which gives value or
estimation; to declare lacking in competency; to disparage; to
undervalue.</def> [Obs.] "He <i>disabled</i> my judgment."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To weaken; unfit; disqualify; incapacitate.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*a"ble*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Deprivation
of ability; incapacity.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*buse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disabused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disabusing</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>abuse</i>;
cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sabuser</i>.] <def>To set free from mistakes; to
undeceive; to disengage from fallacy or deception; to set
right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To undeceive and <i>disabuse</i> the
people.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If men are now sufficiently enlightened to
<i>disabuse</i> themselves or artifice, hypocrisy, and superstition,
they will consider this event as an era in their
history.</blockquote> <i>J. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ac*com"mo*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>accommodate</i>.] <def>To put to inconvenience; to
incommode.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ac*com`mo*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
state of being unaccommodated or unsuited.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ac*cord"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;saccorder</i> to cause discord.] <def>To refuse to
assent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ac*cord"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disagreement.</def>  <i>Pop. Sci. Monthly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ac*cord"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
accordant.</def>  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ac*cus"tom</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;saccoutumer</i>.] <def>To destroy the force of habit in;
to wean from a custom.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*cid"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free
from acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ac*knowl"edge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disacknowledged</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disacknowledging</u>.] <def>To
refuse to acknowledge; to deny; to disown.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ac*quaint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>acquaint</i>: cf. OF. <i>desacointier</i>.] <def>To
render unacquainted; to make unfamiliar.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>While my sick heart<BR>
With dismal smart<BR>
Is <i>disacquainted</i> never.</blockquote> <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ac*quaint"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect
of disuse of familiarity, or familiar acquaintance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ac"ryl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i>
(Gr. <grk>di`s-</grk> twice) + <i>acr</i>olein + <i>-yl</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white amorphous substance obtained as a
polymeric modification of acrolein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*dorn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of ornaments.</def>  <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ad*vance"</hw> (?; 61), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>advance</i>: cf. OF. <i>desavancier</i>.]
<def>To draw back, or cause to draw back.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ad*van"tage</hw> (?; 48, 61), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;savantage</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deprivation of
advantage; unfavorable or prejudicial quality, condition,
circumstance, or the like; that which hinders success, or causes loss
or injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was brought here under the <i>disadvantage</i> of
being unknown by sight to any of you.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Abandoned by their great patron, the faction
henceforward acted at <i>disadvantage</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Loss; detriment; hindrance; prejudice to
interest, fame, credit, profit, or other good.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They would throw a construction on his conduct, to his
<i>disadvantage</i> before the public.</blockquote>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Detriment; injury; hurt; loss; damage.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`ad*van"tage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;savantager</i>.] <def>To injure the interest of; to be
detrimental to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ad*van"tage*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Injurious; disadvantageous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ad`van*ta"geous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;savantageux</i>.] <def>Attended with disadvantage;
unfavorable to success or prosperity; inconvenient; prejudicial; --
opposed to <i>advantageous</i>; as, the situation of an army is
<i>disadvantageous</i> for attack or defense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even in the <i>disadvantageous</i> position in which
he had been placed, he gave clear indications of future
excellence.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*ad`van*ta"geous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*ad`van*ta"geous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ad*ven"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>adventure</i>: cf. OF. <i>desaventure</i>.]
<def>Misfortune; mishap.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ad*ven"tur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unprosperous; unfortunate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ad*vise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To advise
against; to dissuade from.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`af*fect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disaffected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disaffecting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To alienate or diminish
the affection of; to make unfriendly or less friendly; to fill with
discontent and unfriendliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They had attempted to <i>disaffect</i> and discontent
his majesty's late army.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disturb the functions of; to
disorder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>disaffects</i> the bowels.</blockquote>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lack affection for; to be alienated
from, or indisposed toward; to dislike.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`af*fect"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Alienated in
feeling; not wholly loyal.</def> <i>J. H. Newman.</i> --
<wf>Dis`af*fect"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis`af*fect"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis`af*fec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>State of being disaffected; alienation or
want of affection or good will, esp. toward those in authority;
unfriendliness; dislike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the making laws, princes must have regard to . . .
the affections and <i>disaffections</i> of the people.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disorder; bad constitution.</def> [R.]
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dislike; disgust; discontent; unfriendliness;
alienation; disloyalty; hostility.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`af*fec"tion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
disposed to affection; unfriendly; disaffected.</def> [R.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`af*firm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To assert the contrary of; to contradict; to
deny; -- said of that which has been asserted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To refuse to confirm; to
annul, as a judicial decision, by a contrary judgment of a superior
tribunal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`af*firm"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of disaffirming; denial;
negation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Overthrow or annulment by the
decision of a superior tribunal; as, <i>disaffirmance</i> of
judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*af`fir*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of disaffirming; negation; refutation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`af*for"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disafforested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disafforesting</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>afforest</i>: cf. OF. <i>desaforester</i>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<def>To reduce from the privileges of a forest to the state of common
ground; to exempt from forest laws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By charter 9 Henry III. many forests were
<i>disafforested</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><! p. 418 !></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ag"gre*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
destroy the aggregation of; to separate into component parts, as an
aggregate mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ag`gre*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sagr&eacute;gation</i>.] <def>The separation of an
aggregate body into its component parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*gree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disagreed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disageeing</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>agree</i>:
cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sagr&eacute;er</i> to displease.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fail to accord; not to agree; to lack
harmony; to differ; to be unlike; to be at variance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They reject the plainest sense of Scripture, because
it seems to <i>disagree</i> with what they call reason.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To differ in opinion; to hold discordant
views; to be at controversy; to quarrel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who shall decide, when doctors
<i>disagree</i>?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be unsuited; to have unfitness; as,
<i>medicine</i> sometimes <i>disagrees</i> with the patient; food
often <i>disagrees</i> with the stomach or the taste.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Usually followed by <i>with</i>, sometimes by <i>to</i>,
rarely by <i>from</i>; as, I <i>disagree</i> to your proposal.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To differ; vary; dissent.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*gree"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sagr&eacute;able</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
agreeable, conformable, or congruous; contrary; unsuitable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Preach you truly the doctrine which you have received,
and each nothing that is <i>disagreeable</i> thereunto.</blockquote>
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exciting repugnance; offensive to the
feelings or senses; displeasing; unpleasant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which is <i>disagreeable</i> to one is many times
agreeable to another, or <i>disagreeable</i> in a less
degree.</blockquote> <i>Wollaston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*gree"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being; disagreeable; unpleasantness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*gree"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
disagreeable manner; unsuitably; offensively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*gree"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disagreement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*gree"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sagr&eacute;ment</i> disagreeable circumstance,
disagreeableness.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of disagreeing;
a being at variance; dissimilitude; diversity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unsuitableness; unadaptedness.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Difference of opinion or
sentiment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A falling out, or controversy;
difference.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Difference; diversity; dissimilitude; unlikeness;
discrepancy; variance; dissent; misunderstanding; dissension;
division; dispute; jar; wrangle; discord.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*gre"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disagrees.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`al*liege"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
alienate from allegiance.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`al*low"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disallowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disallowing</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>allow</i>:
cf. OF. <i>desalouer</i>, <i>desloer</i>, to blame, dissuade.]
<def>To refuse to allow; to deny the force or validity of; to disown
and reject; as, the judge <i>disallowed</i> the executor's
charge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To whom coming, as unto a living stone,
<i>disallowed</i> indeed of men, but chosen of God.</blockquote> <i>1
Pet. ii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That the edicts of C&aelig;sar we may at all times
<i>disallow</i>, but the statutes of God for no reason we may
reject.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This verb was sometimes followed by <i>of</i>; as, "What
follows, if we <i>disallow of</i> this?" <i>Shak.</i> See
<u>Allow</u>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disapprove; prohibit; censure; reject.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`al*low"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
allowable; not to be suffered.</def> <i>Raleigh.</i> --
<wf>Dis`al*low"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis`al*low"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
disallowing; refusal to admit or permit; rejection.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disapprobation; prohibition; condemnation; censure;
rejection.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`al*ly"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>ally</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;saltier</i>.] <def>To part, as
an alliance; to sunder.</def> [R.] "<i>Disallied</i> their nuptials."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*an"chor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>anchor</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sancrer</i>.] <def>To
raise the anchor of, as a ship; to weigh anchor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`an*gel"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
angelical.</def> [R.] "<i>Disangelical</i> nature."
<i>Coventry.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*an"i*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disanimated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disanimating</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
deprive of life.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of spirit; to dishearten.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*an`i*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Privation of life.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being disanimated or
discouraged; depression of spirits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`an*nex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disunite; to undo or repeal the annexation of.</def>  <i>State Trials
(1608).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`an*nul"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To annul
completely; to render void or of no effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the Lord of hosts hath purposed, and who shall
<i>disannul</i> it?</blockquote> <i>Isaiah xiv. 27.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The prefix in this word an its derivatives is intensive,
and not negative.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`an*nul"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disannuls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`an*nul"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Complete
annulment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*noint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
invalidate the consecration of; as, to <i>disanoint</i> a king.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*par"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Apparel</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>apparel</i>: cf. OF. <i>desapareiller</i>.] <def>To disrobe; to
strip of apparel; to make naked.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drink <i>disapparels</i> the soul.</blockquote>
<i>Junius (1635).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*pear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disappeared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disappearing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cease
to appear or to be perceived; to pass from view, gradually or
suddenly; to vanish; to be no longer seen; as, darkness
<i>disappears</i> at the approach of light; a ship <i>disappears</i>
as she sails from port.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cease to be or exist; as, the epidemic
has <i>disappeared</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*pear"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of disappearing; cessation of appearance; removal from sight;
vanishing.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*pend"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
detachment or separation from a former connection.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*pend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Freed from
a former connection or dependence; disconnected.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*point"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disapointed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disappointing</u>.] [OF. <i>desapointier</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;sappointer</i>; pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>apointier</i>, F. <i>appointier</i>, to appoint. See
<u>Appoint</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To defeat of expectation or
hope; to hinder from the attainment of that which was expected,
hoped, or desired; to balk; as, a man is <i>disappointed</i> of his
hopes or expectations, or his hopes, desires, intentions,
expectations, or plans are <i>disappointed</i>; a bad season
<i>disappoints</i> the farmer of his crops; a defeat
<i>disappoints</i> an enemy of his spoil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>disappointed</i>, but very
agreeably.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Disappointed of</i> a thing not obtained;
<i>disappointed in</i> a thing obtained.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To frustrate; to fail; to hinder of
result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His retiring foe<BR>
Shrinks from the wound, and <i>disappoints</i> the blow.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To tantalize; fail; frustrate; balk; baffle;
delude; foil; defeat. See <u>Tantalize</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*point"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Defeated of expectation or hope; balked; as, a
<i>disappointed</i> person or hope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unprepared; unequipped.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cut off even in the blossoms of my sin,<BR>
Unhouseled, <i>disappointed</i>, unaneled.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*point"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sappointement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
disappointing, or the state of being disappointed; defeat or failure
of expectation or hope; miscarriage of design or plan;
frustration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If we hope for things of which we have not thoroughly
considered the value, our <i>disappointment</i> will be greater than
our pleasure in the fruition of them.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>disappointment</i> thou canst
bless.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which disappoints.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Miscarriage; frustration; balk.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*pre"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Appreciate</u>.] <def>To undervalue; not to esteem.</def> --
<wf>Dis`ap*pre`ci*a"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ap`pro*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>approbation</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sapprobation</i>.  Cf. <u>Disapprove</u>.] <def>The act
of disapproving; mental condemnation of what is judged wrong,
unsuitable, or inexpedient; feeling of censure.</def>

<blockquote>We have ever expressed the most unqualified
<i>disapprobation</i> of all the steps.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ap"pro*ba`to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing disapprobation; serving to disapprove.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*pro"pri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Severed from the appropriation or possession of a spiritual
corporation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The appropriation may be severed, and the church
become <i>disappropriate</i>, two ways.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*pro"pri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To release from individual ownership or
possession.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To sever from appropriation
or possession a spiritual corporation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Appropriations of the several parsonages . . . would
heave been, by the rules of the common law,
<i>disappropriated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*pro`pri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of disappropriating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*prov"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disapprobation; dislike; censure; adverse judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*prove</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disapproved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disapproving</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>approve</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;approuver</i>.  Cf.
<u>Disapprobation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass unfavorable
judgment upon; to condemn by an act of the judgment; to regard as
wrong, unsuitable, or inexpedient; to censure; as, to
<i>disapprove</i> the conduct of others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refuse official approbation to; to
disallow; to decline to sanction; as, the sentence of the court-
martial was <i>disapproved</i> by the commander in chief.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This verb is often followed by <i>of</i>; as, to
<i>disapprove</i> of an opinion, of such conduct. See
<u>Approve</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*prov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disapproves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*prov"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
disapproving manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dizzard</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*arm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disarming</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disarming</u>.] [OE. <i>desarmen</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;sarmer</i>;
pref. <i>d&eacute;s-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>armer</i> to arm. See
<u>Arm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of arms; to take away
the weapons of; to deprive of the means of attack or defense; to
render defenseless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Security <i>disarms</i> the best-appointed
army.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The proud was half <i>disarmed</i> of
pride.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the means or the disposition
to harm; to render harmless or innocuous; as, to <i>disarm</i> a
man's wrath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*arm"a*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sarmement</i>.] <def>The act of disarming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ar"ma*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>armature</i>.] <def>The act of divesting of
armature.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*armed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Deprived of arms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Deprived of claws, and teeth
or beaks.</def>  <i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*arm"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disarms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ar*range"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disarranged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disarranging</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>arrange</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sarranger</i>.] <def>To unsettle
or disturb the order or due arrangement of; to throw out of
order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ar*range"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of disarranging, or the state of being disarranged; confusion;
disorder.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ar*ray"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disarrayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disarraying</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>array</i>,
v.: cf. OF. <i>desarroyer</i>, <i>desarreier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To throw into disorder; to break the array of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who with fiery steeds<BR>
Oft <i>disarrayed</i> the foes in battle ranged.</blockquote>
<i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take off the dress of; to
unrobe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So, as she bade, the witch they
<i>disarrayed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ar*ray"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sarroi</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of array or
regular order; disorder; confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disrank the troops, set all in
<i>disarray</i>.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Confused attire; undress.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ar*ray"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disorder.</def> [R.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ar*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
sunder; to separate, as joints.</def> --
<wf>Dis`ar*tic`u*la"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ar*tic"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who disarticulates and prepares skeletons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`as*sent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
dissent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`as*sent"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dissent.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`as*sent"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disassents; a dissenter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>State Trials
(1634).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*as`si*du"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
assiduity or care.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`as*sim"i*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To subject to disassimilation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`as*sim`i*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>The decomposition of complex substances, within
the organism, into simpler ones suitable only for excretion, with
evolution of energy, -- a normal nutritional process the reverse of
assimilation; downward metabolism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The breaking down of already existing chemical
compounds into simpler ones, sometimes called
<i>disassimilation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Martin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`as*sim"i*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Having power to disassimilate; of the nature
of disassimilation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Disassimilative</i> processes constitute a marked
feature in the life of animal cells.</blockquote>
<i>McKendrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`as*so"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disassociated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disassociating</u> (?).] <def>To disconnect
from things associated; to disunite; to dissociate.</def>
<i>Florio.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*as"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;sastre</i>; pref. <i>d&eacute;s-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>astre</i> star, fr. L. <i>astrum</i>; a word of astrological
origin. See <u>Aster</u>, <u>Astral</u>, <u>Star</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An unpropitious or baleful aspect of a planet
or star; malevolent influence of a heavenly body; hence, an ill
portent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Disasters</i> in the sun.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An adverse or unfortunate event, esp. a
sudden and extraordinary misfortune; a calamity; a serious
mishap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But noble souls, through dust and heat,<BR>
Rise from <i>disaster</i> and defeat<BR>
The stronger.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Calamity; misfortune; mishap; mischance;
visitation; misadventure; ill luck. See <u>Calamity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*as"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To blast by the influence of a baleful star.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring harm upon; to injure.</def> [R.]
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*as"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Disastrously.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*as"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sastreux</i>. See <u>Disaster</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of unpropitious stellar influences; unpropitious; ill-
boding.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The moon<BR>
In dim eclipse, <i>disastrous</i> twilight sheds.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attended with suffering or disaster; very
unfortunate; calamitous; ill-fated; as, a <i>disastrous</i> day; a
<i>disastrous</i> termination of an undertaking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherein I spake of most <i>disastrous</i>
chances.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*as"trous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*as"trous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis`at*tire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>attire</i>: cf. OF. <i>desatirier</i>.] <def>To unrobe; to
undress.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`aug*ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
diminish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*au"thor*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of credit or authority; to discredit.</def> [R.]  <i>W.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*vaunce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Disadvance</u>.] <def>To retard; to repel; to do damage to.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*ven"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Disadventure</u>, <u>Adventure</u>.] <def>Misfortune.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*ven"tur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Misadventurous; unfortunate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*vouch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>avouch</i>.  Cf. <u>Disavow</u>.] <def>To disavow.</def>
[R.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*vow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disavowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disavowing</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;savouer</i>; pref.
<i>d&eacute;s-</i> (L. <i>dis</i>-) + <i>avouer</i> to avow. See
<u>Avow</u>, and cf. <u>Disavouch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
refuse strongly and solemnly to own or acknowledge; to deny
responsibility for, approbation of, and the like; to disclaim; to
disown; as, he was charged with embezzlement, but he <i>disavows</i>
the crime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A solemn promise made and
<i>disavowed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deny; to show the contrary of; to
disprove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet can they never<BR>
Toss into air the freedom of my birth,<BR>
Or <i>disavow</i> my blood Plantagenet's.</blockquote>
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*vow"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
disavowing, disclaiming, or disowning; rejection and
denial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An earnest <i>disavowal</i> of fear often proceeds
from fear.</blockquote> <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*vow"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disavowal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*vow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disavows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`a*vow"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disavowal.</def> [R.]  <i>Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*band"</hw> (?; see <u>Dis-</u>), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disbanded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disbanding</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>band</i>: cf. OF. <i>desbander</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;bander</i>, to
unbind, unbend. See <u>Band</u>, and cf. <u>Disbend</u>,
<u>Disbind</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To loose the bands of; to
set free; to disunite; to scatter; to disperse; to break up the
organization of; especially, to dismiss from military service; as, to
<i>disband</i> an army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>disbanded</i> themselves and returned, every
man to his own dwelling.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divorce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And therefore . . . she ought to be
<i>disbanded</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*band"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
separated, broken up, dissolved, or scattered; especially, to quit
military service by breaking up organization.</def></p>

<p><! p. 419 !></p>

<p><blockquote>When both rocks and all things shall
<i>disband</i>.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Human society would in a short space
<i>disband</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*band"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
disbanding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*bar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disbarred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disbarring</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To expel from the bar, or the
legal profession; to deprive (an attorney, barrister, or counselor)
of his status and privileges as such.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*bark"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i>
+ <i>bark</i> a small ship: cf. OF. <i>desbarquer</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;barquer</i>.  Cf. <u>Debark</u>, <u>Disembark</u>.]
<def>To disembark.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*bark"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>bark</i> rind.] <def>To strip of bark; to bark.</def> [R.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*bar"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
disbarring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*base"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Debase</u>.] <def>To debase or degrade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor you nor your house were so much as spoken of
before I <i>disbased</i> myself.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`be*come"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
misbecome.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*be*lief"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
disbelieving;; a state of the mind in which one is fully persuaded
that an opinion, assertion, or doctrine is not true; refusal of
assent, credit, or credence; denial of belief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our belief or <i>disbelief</i> of a thing does not
alter the nature of the thing.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No sadder proof can be given by a man of his own
littleness that <i>disbelief</i> in great men.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Distrust; unbelief; incredulity; doubt; skepticism.
-- <u>Disbelief</u>, <u>Unbelief</u>. <i>Unbelief</i> is a mere
failure to admit; <i>disbelief</i> is a positive rejection. One may
be an <i>unbeliever</i> in Christianity from ignorance or want of
inquiry; a <i>unbeliever</i> has the proofs before him, and incurs
the guilt of setting them aside. <i>Unbelief</i> is usually open to
conviction; <i>disbelief</i> is already convinced as to the falsity
of that which it rejects. Men often tell a story in such a manner
that we regard everything they say with <i>unbelief</i>. Familiarity
with the worst parts of human nature often leads us into a
<i>disbelief</i> in many good qualities which really exist among
men.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`be*lieve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disbelieved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disbelieving</u>.] <def>Not to believe; to refuse
belief or credence to; to hold not to be true or actual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Assertions for which there is abundant positive
evidence are often <i>disbelieved</i>, on account of what is called
their improbability or impossibility.</blockquote> <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`be*liev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disbelieves, or refuses belief; an unbeliever. Specifically, one who
does not believe the Christian religion.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*bench"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive from a bench or seat.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>To deprive (a bencher)
of his privileges.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*bend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
unbend.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Stirling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*bind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Disband</u>.] <def>To unbind; to loosen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*blame"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>desblamen</i>, OF. <i>desblasmer</i>; pref. <i>des-</i> (L.
<i>dis-</i>) + <i>blasmer</i>, F. <i>bl&acirc;mer</i>, to blame.]
<def>To clear from blame.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*bod"ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Disembodied.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`bos*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + F. <i>bosquet</i> grove.] <def>Converting forest land into
cleared or arable land; removal of a forest.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*bow"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Bowel</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To disembowel.</def> [R.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*branch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Branch</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To divest of a branch or
branches; to tear off.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*bud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Bud</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>To deprive of buds or
shoots, as for training, or economizing the vital strength of a
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*bur"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Burden</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] [Cf. <u>Disburthen</u>.]
<def>To rid of a burden; to free from a load borne or from something
oppressive; to unload; to disencumber; to relieve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He did it to <i>disburden</i> a
conscience.</blockquote> <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My mediations . . . will, I hope, be more calm, being
thus <i>disburdened</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To unload; unburden; discharge; free.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*bur"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To relieve
one's self of a burden; to ease the mind.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*bur"geon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strip
of burgeons or buds; to disbud.</def> [R.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*burse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disbursed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disbursing</u>.] [OF. <i>desbourser</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;bourser</i>; pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>bourse</i> purse. See <u>Burse</u>, and cf. <u>Dispurse</u>.]
<def>To pay out; to expend; -- usually from a public fund or
treasury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The duty of collecting and <i>disbursing</i> his
revenues.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Disbursing officer</b></col>, <cd>an officer in any
department of the public service who is charged with the duty of
paying out public money.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*burse"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;boursement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
disbursing or paying out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>disbursement</i> of the public
moneys.</blockquote> <i>U. S. Statutes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is disbursed or paid out; as,
the annual <i>disbursements</i> exceed the income.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*burs"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disburses money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*bur"then</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disburthened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disburthening</u>.] [Cf. <u>Disburden</u>.] <def>To
disburden; to relieve of a load.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Disc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Disk</u>,
<u>Dish</u>.] <def>A flat round plate</def>; <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
circular structure either in plants or animals; as, a blood
<i>disc</i>, a germinal <i>disc</i>, etc.  Same as
<u>Disk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
uncage.</def> [R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Disc"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, a disk; as, <i>discal</i> cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cal"ce*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discalceatus</i> unshod; <i>dis-</i> + <i>calceus</i> shoe.]
<def>To pull off shoes or sandals from.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cal"ce*at`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deprived
off shoes or sandals; unshod; discalced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cal`ce*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of pulling off the shoes or sandals.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*calced"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unshod;
barefooted; -- in distinction from <i>calced</i>.</def> "The
foundation of houses of <i>discalced</i> friars."  <i>Cardinal
Manning's St. Teresa.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*camp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Decamp</u>.] <def>To drive from a camp.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*can"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To melt; to
dissolve; to thaw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis"cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Descant</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ca*pac"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of capacity; to incapacitate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*card"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Discarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Discarding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>To
throw out of one's hand, as superfluous cards; to lay aside (a card
or cards).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cast off as useless or as no longer of
service; to dismiss from employment, confidence, or favor; to
discharge; to turn away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They blame the favorites, and think it nothing
extraordinary that the queen should . . . resolve to <i>discard</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put or thrust away; to
reject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man <i>discards</i> the follies of
boyhood.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dismiss; displace; discharge; cashier.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*card"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<def>To make a discard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*card"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<def>The act of discarding; also, the card or cards
discarded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*car"dure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Rejection; dismissal.</def> [R.]  <i>Hayter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*car"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>carnatus</i> fleshy, fr. <i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>, flesh.]
<def>Stripped of flesh.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Discarnate</i> bones."
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*case"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strip; to
undress.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discedere</i>; <i>dis-</i> + <i>cedere</i> to yield.] <def>To
yield or give up; to depart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I dare not <i>discede</i> from my copy a
tittle.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cept"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disceptare</i>.] <def>To debate; to discuss.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One dissertates, he is candid;<BR>
Two must <i>discept</i>, -- has distinguished.</blockquote> <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`cep*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disceptatio</i>.] <def>Controversy; disputation; discussion.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Verbose janglings and endless
<i>disceptations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`cep*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who arbitrates or decides.</def> [R.]  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cern"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Discerned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Discerning</u>.] [F. <i>discerner</i>, L. <i>discernere</i>,
<i>discretum</i>; <i>dis-</i> + <i>cernere</i> to separate,
distinguish. See <u>Certain</u>, and cf. <u>Discreet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To see and identify by noting a difference or
differences; to note the distinctive character of; to discriminate;
to distinguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>discern</i> such buds as are fit to produce
blossoms.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A counterfeit stone which thine eye can not
<i>discern</i> from a right stone.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To see by the eye or by the understanding;
to perceive and recognize; as, to <i>discern</i> a
difference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And [I] beheld among the simple ones, I
<i>discerned</i> among the youths, a young man void of
understanding.</blockquote> <i>Prov. vii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our unassisted sight . . . is not acute enough to
<i>discern</i> the minute texture of visible objects.</blockquote>
<i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I wake, and I <i>discern</i> the truth.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To perceive; distinguish; discover; penetrate;
discriminate; espy; descry; detect. See <u>Perceive</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cern"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To see or understand the difference; to make distinction; as, to
<i>discern</i> between good and evil, truth and falsehood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More than sixscore thousand that cannot <i>discern</i>
between their right hand their left.</blockquote> <i>Jonah iv.
11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make cognizance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cern"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Discernment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cern"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, discerns, distinguishes, perceives, or judges; as, a
<i>discerner</i> of truth, of right and wrong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A great observer and <i>discerner</i> of men's
natures.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cern"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discernibilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being discerned by the eye or
the understanding; as, a star is <i>discernible</i> by the eye; the
identity of difference of ideas is <i>discernible</i> by the
understanding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The effect of the privations and sufferings . . . was
<i>discernible</i> to the last in his temper and
deportment.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Perceptible; distinguishable; apparent; visible;
evident; manifest.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cern"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being discernible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cern"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner
to be discerned; perceptibly; visibly.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cern"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acute; shrewd;
sagacious; sharp-sighted.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cern"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
discerning manner; with judgment; judiciously; acutely.</def>
<i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cern"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>discernement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
discerning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power or faculty of the mind by which
it distinguishes one thing from another; power of viewing differences
in objects, and their relations and tendencies; penetrative and
discriminate mental vision; acuteness; sagacity; insight; as, the
errors of youth often proceed from the want of
<i>discernment</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Judgment; acuteness; discrimination; penetration;
sagacity; insight. -- <u>Discernment</u>, <u>Penetration</u>,
<u>Discrimination</u>. <i>Discernment</i> is keenness and accuracy of
mental vision; <i>penetration</i> is the power of seeing deeply into
a subject in spite of everything that intercepts the view;
<i>discrimination</i> is a capacity of tracing out minute
distinctions and the nicest shades of thought. A <i>discerning</i>
man is not easily misled; one of a <i>penetrating</i> mind sees a
multitude of things which escape others; a <i>discriminating</i>
judgment detects the slightest differences.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cerp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discerpere</i>, <i>discerptum</i>; <i>dis-</i> + <i>carpere</i> to
pluck.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tear in pieces; to rend.</def>
[R.]  <i>Stukeley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate; to disunite.</def> [R.]
<i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dis*cerp`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Dis*cerp`ti*bil"i*ty</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Capability or liableness to be
discerped.</def> [R.]  <i>Wollaston.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dis*cerp"i*ble</hw> (?), <hw>Dis*cerp"ti*ble</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Discerp</u>.] <def>Capable of being
discerped.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cerp"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discerptio</i>.] <def>The act of pulling to pieces, or of
separating the parts.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cerp"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
separate or disunite parts.</def>  <i>Encys. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ces"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discessio</i>, fr. <i>discedere</i>, <i>discessum</i>. See
<u>Discede</u>.] <def>Departure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*charge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discharged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Discharging</u>.] [OE. <i>deschargen</i>,
<i>dischargen</i>, OF. <i>deschargier</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;charger</i>; pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis</i>) +
<i>chargier</i>, F. <i>charger</i>. See <u>Charge</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To relieve of a charge, load, or burden; to
empty of a load or cargo; to unburden; to unload; as, to
<i>discharge</i> a vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To free of the missile with which anything
is charged or loaded; to let go the charge of; as, to
<i>discharge</i> a bow, catapult, etc.; especially, said of firearms,
-- to fire off; to shoot off; also, to relieve from a state of
tension, as a Leyden jar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The galleys also did oftentimes, out of their prows,
<i>discharge</i> their great pieces against the city.</blockquote>
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Feeling in other cases <i>discharges</i> itself in
indirect muscular actions.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To of something weighing upon or impeding
over one, as a debt, claim, obligation, responsibility, accusation,
etc.; to absolve; to acquit; to clear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Discharged</i> of business, void of
strife.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In one man's fault <i>discharge</i> another man of his
duty.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To relieve of an office or employment; to
send away from service; to dismiss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Discharge</i> the common sort<BR>
With pay and thanks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Grindal . . . was <i>discharged</i> the government of
his see.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To release legally from confinement; to
set at liberty; as, to <i>discharge</i> a prisoner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To put forth, or remove, as a charge or
burden; to take out, as that with which anything is loaded or filled;
as, to <i>discharge</i> a cargo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To let fly, as a missile; to
shoot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They do <i>discharge</i> their shot of
courtesy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To set aside; to annul; to
dismiss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We say such an order was "<i>discharged</i> on
appeal."</blockquote> <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The order for Daly's attendance was
<i>discharged</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To throw off the obligation of, as a duty
or debt; to relieve one's self of, by fulfilling conditions,
performing duty, trust, and the like; hence, to perform or execute,
as an office, or part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had I a hundred tongues, a wit so large<BR>
As could their hundred offices <i>discharge</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To send away (a creditor) satisfied by
payment; to pay one's debt or obligation to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If he had<BR>
The present money to <i>discharge</i> the Jew.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To give forth; to emit or send out; as, a
pipe <i>discharges</i> water; to let fly; to give expression to; to
utter; as, to <i>discharge</i> a horrible oath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To prohibit; to forbid.</def> [Scot.
Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Discharging arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an arch
over a door, window, or other opening, to distribute the pressure of
the wall above. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Lintel</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Discharging piece</b></col>, <col><b>Discharging
strut</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a piece set to carry thrust or
weight to a solid point of support.</cd> -- <col><b>Discharging
rod</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a bent wire, with knobs at both
ends, and insulated by a glass handle. It is employed for discharging
a Leyden jar or an electrical battery. See
<u>Discharger</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Deliver</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*charge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To throw off or
deliver a load, charge, or burden; to unload; to emit or give vent to
fluid or other contents; as, the water pipe <i>discharges</i>
freely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cloud, if it were oily or fatty, would not
<i>discharge</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*charge"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;charge</i>. See <u>Discharge</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of discharging; the act
of relieving of a charge or load; removal of a load or burden;
unloading; as, the <i>discharge</i> of a ship; <i>discharge</i> of a
cargo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Firing off; explosive removal of a charge;
explosion; letting off; as, a <i>discharge</i> of arrows, of
artillery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Act of relieving of something which
oppresses or weighs upon one, as an obligation, liability, debt,
accusation, etc.; acquittance; as, the <i>discharge</i> of a
debtor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Act of removing, or getting rid of, an
obligation, liability, etc.; fulfillment, as by the payment of a
debt, or the performance of a trust or duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Indefatigable in the <i>discharge</i> of
<i>business</i>.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing can absolve us from the <i>discharge</i> of
those duties.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Release or dismissal from an office,
employment, etc.; dismission; as, the <i>discharge</i> of a workman
by his employer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Legal release from confinement;
liberation; as, the <i>discharge</i> of a prisoner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The state of being discharged or relieved
of a debt, obligation, office, and the like; acquittal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too secure of our <i>discharge</i><BR>
From penalty.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>That which discharges or releases from an
obligation, liability, penalty, etc., as a price of ransom, a legal
document.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death, who sets all free,<BR>
Hath paid his ransom now and full <i>discharge</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A flowing or issuing out; emission; vent;
evacuation; also, that which is discharged or emitted; as, a rapid
<i>discharge</i> of water from the pipe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hemorrhage being stopped, the next occurrence is a
thin serous <i>discharge</i>.</blockquote> <i>S. Sharp.</i></p>

<p><! p. 420 !></p>

<p><col><b>Charge and discharge</b></col>. <i>(Equity Practice)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Charge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Paralytic discharge</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the
increased secretion from a gland resulting from the cutting of all of
its nerves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*char"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, discharges. Specifically, in electricity, an instrument
for discharging a Leyden jar, or electrical battery, by making a
connection between the two surfaces; a discharging rod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*chev"ele</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Disheveled.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*church"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of status as a church, or of membership in a church.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discidere</i>; <i>dis-</i> + <i>caedere</i> to cut.] <def>To
divide; to cleave in two.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Disc-</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing disks.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dis`ci*flo"ral</hw> (?), <hw>Dis`ci*flo"rous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Disk</u>, and <u>Floral</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing the stamens on a discoid outgrowth of the
receptacle; -- said of a subclass of plants.  Cf.
<u>Calycifloral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Discoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dis*ci"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>discus</i> disk, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
Branchiopoda, having a disklike shell, attached by one valve, which
is perforated by the peduncle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cinct</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discinctus</i>, p. p. of <i>discingere</i> to ungird; <i>dis-</i>
+ <i>cingere</i> to gird.] <def>Ungirded; loosely dressed.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discindere</i>; <i>dis-</i> + <i>scindere</i> to cut, split.]
<def>To part; to divide.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ci"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>disciple</i>, <i>deciple</i>, OF. <i>disciple</i>, fr. L.
<i>discipulus</i>, fr. <i>discere</i> to learn (akin to <i>docere</i>
to teach; see <u>Docile</u>) + prob. a root meaning <i>to turn</i> or
<i>drive</i>, as in L. <i>pellere</i> to drive (see <u>Pulse</u>).]
<def>One who receives instruction from another; a scholar; a learner;
especially, a follower who has learned to believe in the truth of the
doctrine of his teacher; an adherent in doctrine; as, the
<i>disciples</i> of Plato; the <i>disciples</i> of our
Savior.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The disciples</b></col>, or <col><b>The twelve
disciples</b></col>, <cd>the twelve selected companions of Jesus; --
also called <i>the apostles</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Disciples of
Christ</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Christian</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3,
and <u>Campbellite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Learner; scholar; pupil; follower; adherent.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*ci"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Discipled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Discipling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To teach; to train.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That better were in virtues
<i>discipled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To punish; to discipline.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make disciples of; to convert to
doctrines or principles.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sending missionaries to <i>disciple</i> all
nations.</blockquote> <i>E. D. Griffin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ci"ple*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a disciple or follower in doctrines and precepts.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ci"pless</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
disciple.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis"ci*plin*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>disciplinable</i>. See <u>Discipline</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being disciplined or improved by instruction and
training.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liable or deserving to be disciplined;
subject to disciplinary punishment; as, a <i>disciplinable</i>
offense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"ci*plin*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being improvable by discipline.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"ci*plin*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
discipline.</def>  <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"ci*plin*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Discipline</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A flagellant. See
<u>Flagellant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ci*plin*a"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to discipline.</def> "<i>Displinarian</i> system."
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ci*plin*a"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who disciplines; one who excels in
training, especially with training, especially with regard to order
and obedience; one who enforces rigid discipline; a stickler for the
observance of rules and methods of training; as, he is a better
<i>disciplinarian</i> than scholar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Puritan or Presbyterian; -- because of
rigid adherence to religious or church discipline.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis"ci*plin*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>disciplinarius</i> flogging: cf. F. <i>disciplinaire</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to discipline; intended for discipline; corrective;
belonging to a course of training.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those canons . . . were only
<i>disciplinary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Ferne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The evils of the . . . are <i>disciplinary</i> and
remedial.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ci*pline</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>discipline</i>, L. <i>disciplina</i>, from <i>discipulus</i>. See
<u>Disciple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The treatment suited to a
disciple or learner; education; development of the faculties by
instruction and exercise; training, whether physical, mental, or
moral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wife and children are a kind of <i>discipline</i> of
humanity.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Discipline</i> aims at the removal of bad habits
and the substitution of good ones, especially those of order,
regularity, and obedience.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Training to act in accordance with
established rules; accustoming to systematic and regular action;
drill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their wildness lose, and, quitting nature's part,<BR>
Obey the rules and <i>discipline</i> of art.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Subjection to rule; submissiveness to
order and control; habit of obedience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most perfect, who have their passions in the best
<i>discipline</i>, are yet obliged to be constantly on their
guard.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Severe training, corrective of faults;
instruction by means of misfortune, suffering, punishment,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sharp <i>discipline</i> of half a century had
sufficed to educate us.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Correction; chastisement; punishment
inflicted by way of correction and training.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Giving her the <i>discipline</i> of the
strap.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The subject matter of instruction; a
branch of knowledge.</def>  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The enforcement of methods
of correction against one guilty of ecclesiastical offenses;
reformatory or penal action toward a church member.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Self-inflicted and
voluntary corporal punishment, as penance, or otherwise;
specifically, a penitential scourge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A system of essential rules
and duties; as, the Romish or Anglican <i>discipline</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Education; instruction; training; culture;
correction; chastisement; punishment.</p>

<p><hw>Dis"ci*pline</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disciplined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disciplining</u>.] [Cf. LL. <i>disciplinarian</i> to
flog, fr. L. <i>disciplina</i> discipline, and F. <i>discipliner</i>
to discipline.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To educate; to develop by
instruction and exercise; to train.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To accustom to regular and systematic
action; to bring under control so as to act systematically; to train
to act together under orders; to teach subordination to; to form a
habit of obedience in; to drill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ill armed, and worse <i>disciplined</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His mind . . . imperfectly <i>disciplined</i> by
nature.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To improve by corrective and penal
methods; to chastise; to correct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Has he <i>disciplined</i> Aufidius
soundly?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To inflict ecclesiastical censures and
penalties upon.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To train; form; teach; instruct; bring up;
regulate; correct; chasten; chastise; punish.</p>

<p><hw>Dis"ci*plin*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disciplines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*claim"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disclaimed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disclaiming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To renounce
all claim to deny; ownership of, or responsibility for; to disown; to
disavow; to reject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He calls the gods to witness their offense;<BR>
<i>Disclaims</i> the war, asserts his innocence.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>disclaims</i> the authority of
Jesus.</blockquote> <i>Farmer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deny, as a claim; to refuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The payment was irregularly made, if not
<i>disclaimed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To relinquish or deny having
a claim; to disavow another's claim; to decline accepting, as an
estate, interest, or office.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disown; disavow; renounce; repudiate.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*claim"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To disavow or
renounce all part, claim, or share.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Disclaim in</b></col>, <col><b>Disclaim from</b></col>,
<cd>to disown; to disavow.</cd> [Obs.] "Nature <i>disclaims in</i>
thee."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*claim"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who disclaims, disowns, or renounces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A denial, disavowal, or
renunciation, as of a title, claim, interest, estate, or trust;
relinquishment or waiver of an interest or estate.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A public disavowal, as of pretensions,
claims, opinions, and the like.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`cla*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
disavowing or disowning.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*clame"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To disclaim;
to expel.</def> [Obs.] "Money did love <i>disclame</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*claun"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From OE.
<i>disclaundre</i>, <i>n.</i>, for <i>sclandre</i>, <i>esclandre</i>,
OF. <i>esclandre</i>. See <u>Sclaundre</u>, <u>Slander</u>.] <def>To
injure one's good name; to slander.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cloak"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take off
a cloak from; to uncloak.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*close"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disclosed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disclosing</u>.] [OE. <i>desclosen</i>,
<i>disclosen</i>, fr. <i>disclos</i>, <i>desclos</i>, not shut in,
open, OF. <i>desclos</i>, p. p. of <i>desclore</i> to open, F.
<i>d&eacute;clore</i>; pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>clore</i> to shut, fr. L. <i>claudere</i> to shut. See
<u>Close</u>, and cf. <u>Disclusion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
unclose; to open; -- applied esp. to eggs in the sense of <i>to
hatch</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ostrich layeth her eggs under sand, where the heat
of the <i>discloseth</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove a cover or envelope from;; to
set free from inclosure; to uncover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shells being broken, . . . the stone included in
them is thereby <i>disclosed</i> and set at liberty.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lay open or expose to view; to cause to
appear; to bring to light; to reveal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How softly on the Spanish shore she plays,<BR>
<i>Disclosing</i> rock, and slope, and forest brown!</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her lively looks a sprightly mind
<i>disclose</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make known, as that which has been kept
secret or hidden; to reveal; to expose; as, events have
<i>disclosed</i> his designs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If I <i>disclose</i> my passion,<BR>
Our friendship 's an end.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To uncover; open; unveil; discover; reveal;
divulge; tell; utter.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*close"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disclosure.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak. Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*closed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Represented with wings expanded; -- applied to doves and other
birds not of prey.</def>  <i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*clos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
discloses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*clo"sure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Disclose</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Closure</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of disclosing, uncovering, or
revealing; bringing to light; exposure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He feels it [his secret] beating at his heart, rising
to his throat, and demanding <i>disclosure</i>.</blockquote> <i>D.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is disclosed or
revealed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Were the <i>disclosures</i> of 1695
forgotten?</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cloud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clear
from clouds.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*clout"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To divest of
a clout.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*clu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disclusio</i>, fr. <i>discludere</i>, <i>disclusum</i>, to
separate. See <u>Disclose</u>.] <def>A shutting off; exclusion.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*coast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>coast</i>: cf. It. <i>discostare</i>.] <def>To depart; to
quit the coast (that is, the side or border) of anything; to be
separated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As far as heaven and earth <i>discoasted</i>
lie.</blockquote> <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>discoast</i> from the plain and simple way of
speech.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`co*blas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; disk +
&?; to grow.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Applied to a form of egg cleavage
seen in osseous fishes, which occurs only in a small disk that
separates from the rest of the egg.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dis*cob"o*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Discoboli</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;; &?; a discu + &?;
to throw.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A thrower of
the discus.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A statue of an athlete
holding the discus, or about to throw it.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Discobolus</i> of Myron was a famous statue of
antiquity, and several copies or imitations of it have been
preserved.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`co*dac"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Discodactylia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the tree
frogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dis`co*dac*tyl"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; disk + &?; finger.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of amphibians having suctorial disks on the toes, as the tree
frogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`co*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having sucking disks on the toes, as the
tree frogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`co*her"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incoherent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; quoit-shaped,
&?; a round plate, quoit + &?; form, shape: cf. F.
<i>disco&iuml;de</i>. See <u>Disk</u>.] <def>Having the form of a
disk, as those univalve shells which have the whorls in one plane, so
as to form a disk, as the pearly nautilus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Discoid flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a compound
flower, consisting of tubular florets only, as a tansy, lacking the
rays which are seen in the daisy and sunflower.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis"coid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything having the
form of a discus or disk; particularly, a discoid shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*coid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>disco&iuml;dal</i>.] <def>Disk-shaped; discoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"co*lith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a round
plate + <i>-lith</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of a species of
coccoliths, having an oval discoidal body, with a thick strongly
refracting rim, and a thinner central portion. One of them measures
about &frac1x50000; of an inch in its longest diameter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*col"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discolored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Discoloring</u>.] [OE. <i>descolouren</i>, OF.
<i>descolorer</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;colorer</i>, fr. L. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>cololare</i>, <i>coloratum</i>, to color, <i>color</i> color. See
<u>Color</u>.] [Written also <i>discolour</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To alter the natural hue or color of; to change to a different
color; to stain; to tinge; as, a drop of wine will <i>discolor</i>
water; silver is <i>discolored</i> by sea water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To alter the true complexion or appearance
of; to put a false hue upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>discolor</i> all your ideas.</blockquote>
<i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*col"or*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
discolor.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*col`or*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>decoloration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of discoloring,
or the state of being discolored; alteration of hue or
appearance.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A discolored spot; a stain.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*col"ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Altered in color; stained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Variegated; of divers colors.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That ever wore <i>discolored</i> arms.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*com"fit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discomfited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Discomfiting</u>.] [OF. <i>desconfit</i>, p. p. of
<i>desconfire</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;confire</i>; fr. L. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>conficere</i> to make ready, prepare, bring about. See
<u>Comfit</u>, <u>Fact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scatter in
fight; to put to rout; to defeat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And his proud foes <i>discomfit</i> in victorious
field.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break up and frustrate the plans of; to
balk&?; to throw into perplexity and dejection; to
disconcert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well, go with me and be not so
<i>discomfited</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To defeat; overthrow; overpower; vanquish; conquer;
baffle; frustrate; confound; discourage.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*com"fit</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Discomfited;
overthrown.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*com"fit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rout; overthrow;
discomfiture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a <i>discomfit</i> as shall quite despoil
him.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*com"fi*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>desconfiture</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;confiture</i>. See
<u>Discomfort</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Comfiture</u>.] <def>The act of discomfiting, or the state of
being discomfited; rout; overthrow; defeat; frustration; confusion
and dejection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man's sword was against his fellow, and there
was a very great <i>discomfiture</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xiv.
20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A hope destined to end . . . in <i>discomfiture</i>
and disgrace.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*com"fort</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discomforted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Discomforting</u>.] [OF. <i>desconforter</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;conforter</i>, to discourage; pref. <i>des-</i> (L
<i>dis-</i>) + <i>conforter</i>. See <u>Comfort</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To discourage; to deject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His funeral shall not be in our camp,<BR>
Lest it <i>discomfort</i> us.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To destroy or disturb the comfort of; to
deprive of quiet enjoyment; to make uneasy; to pain; as, a smoky
chimney <i>discomforts</i> a family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*com"fort</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>desconfort</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;confort</i>. See <u>Discomfort</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Discouragement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of comfort; uneasiness, mental or
physical; disturbance of peace; inquietude; pain; distress;
sorrow.</def> "An age of spiritual <i>discomfort</i>."  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Strive against all the <i>discomforts</i> of thy
sufferings.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*com"fort*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>desconfortable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Causing discomfort;
occasioning uneasiness; making sad.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of comfort; uncomfortable.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A labyrinth of little <i>discomfortable</i>
garrets.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*com"fort*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`com*mend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mention with disapprobation; to blame; to
disapprove.</def> [R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By commending something in him that is good, and
<i>discommending</i> the same fault in others.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><! p. 421 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expose to censure or ill favor; to put
out of the good graces of any one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A compliance will <i>discommend</i> me to Mr.
Coventry.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`com*mend"a*ble</hw>
(d&ibreve;s`k&obreve;m*m&ebreve;nd"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Deserving, disapprobation or blame.</def> --
<wf>Dis`com*mend"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*com`men*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Blame;
censure; reproach.</def> [R.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`com*mend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
discommends; a dispraiser.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`com*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of a commission or trust.</def> [R.]  <i>Laud.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*com"mo*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>commodatus</i>, p. p. of <i>commodare</i> to make fit or
suitable, fr. <i>commodus</i> fit, commodious. See <u>Commodious</u>,
and cf. <u>Discommode</u>.] <def>To discommode.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`com*mode"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discommoded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Discommoding</u>.] [See <u>Discommodate</u>.] <def>To
put inconvenience; to incommode; to trouble.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To incommode; annoy; inconvenience.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`com*mo"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inconvenient; troublesome; incommodious.</def> [R.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis`com*mo"di*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis`com*mo"di*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis`com*mod"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disadvantage; inconvenience.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*com"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the right of common.</def> [R.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of privileges.</def> [R.]
<i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To deprive of commonable
quality, as lands, by inclosing or appropriating.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`com*mu"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lack of
common possessions, properties, or relationship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Community of embryonic structure reveals community of
descent; but dissimilarity of embryonic development does not prove
<i>discommunity</i> of descent.</blockquote> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*com"pa*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free
from company; to dissociate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It she be alone now, and
<i>discompanied</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`com*plex"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
change the complexion or hue of.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`com*pli"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Failure
or refusal to comply; noncompliance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A compliance will discommend me to Mr. Coventry, and a
<i>discompliance</i> to my lord chancellor.</blockquote>
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`com*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discomposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Discomposing</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>compose</i>: cf. OF. <i>decomposer</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;composer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To disarrange; to
interfere with; to disturb; to disorder; to unsettle; to break
up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or <i>discomposed</i> the headdress of a
prude.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw into disorder; to ruffle; to
destroy the composure or equanimity; to agitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Opposition . . . <i>discomposeth</i> the mind's
serenity.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put out of place or service; to
discharge; to displace.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disorder; derange; unsettle; disturb;
disconcert; agitate; ruffle; fret; vex.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`com*posed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disordered;
disturbed; disquieted.</def> -- <wf>Dis`com*pos"ed*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Dis`com*pos"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*com`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inconsistency; discordance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`com*po"sure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being discomposed; disturbance;
disorder; agitation; perturbation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>discomposure</i> stirred her
features.</blockquote> <i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Discordance; disagreement of parts.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*compt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Discount</u>.] <def>To discount. See <u>Discount</u>.</def>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*cert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disconcerted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disconcerting</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>concert</i>: cf. OF. <i>desconcerter</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;concerter</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To break up the
harmonious progress of; to throw into disorder or confusion; as, the
emperor <i>disconcerted</i> the plans of his enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To confuse the faculties of; to disturb
the composure of; to discompose; to abash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The embrace <i>disconcerted</i> the daughter-in-law
somewhat, as the caresses of old gentlemen unshorn and perfumed with
tobacco might well do.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To discompose; derange; ruffle; confuse; disturb;
defeat; frustrate.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*cert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
concert; disagreement.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*cer"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of disconcerting, or state of being disconcerted; discomposure;
perturbation.</def> [R.]  <i>State Trials (1794).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*du"cive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
conductive; impeding; disadvantageous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*form"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
conformable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Disconformable</i> in religion from
us.</blockquote> <i>Stow (1603).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*form"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
conformity or correspondence; inconsistency; disagreement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those . . . in some <i>disconformity</i> to
ourselves.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Disagreement and <i>disconformity</i> betwixt the
speech and the conception of the mind.</blockquote>
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*gru"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Incongruity; disagreement; unsuitableness.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*nect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disconnected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disconnecting</u>.] <def>To dissolve the union or
connection of; to disunite; to sever; to separate; to
disperse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The commonwealth itself would . . . be
<i>disconnected</i> into the dust and powder of
individuality.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This restriction <i>disconnects</i> bank paper and the
precious metals.</blockquote> <i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*nec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of disconnecting, or state of being disconnected; separation; want of
union.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing was therefore to be left in all the
subordinate members but weakness, <i>disconnection</i>, and
confusion.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*con"se*crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of consecration or sacredness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*sent"</hw> (d&ibreve;s`k&obreve;n*s&ebreve;nt"),
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To differ; to disagree; to
dissent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*con"so*la`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being disconsolate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*con"so*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disconsolateness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*con"so*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>disconsolatus</i>; L. <i>dis-</i> + <i>consolatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>consolari</i> to console. See <u>Console</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of consolation;
deeply dejected and dispirited; hopelessly sad; comfortless; filled
with grief; as, a bereaved and <i>disconsolate</i> parent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One morn a Peri at the gate<BR>
Of Eden stood <i>disconsolate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ladies and the knights, no shelter nigh,<BR>
Were dropping wet, <i>disconsolate</i> and wan.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inspiring dejection; saddening; cheerless;
as, the <i>disconsolate</i> darkness of the winter nights.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Forlorn; melancholy; sorrowful; desolate; woeful;
hopeless; gloomy.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*con"so*late*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*con"so*late*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*con"so*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Disconsolate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A poor, <i>disconsolated</i>, drooping
creature.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*con`so*la"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Dejection; grief.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tent"</hw> (d&ibreve;s`k&obreve;n*t&ebreve;nt"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not content; discontented;
dissatisfied.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Passion seemed to be much <i>discontent</i>, but
Patience was very quiet.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tent"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Discontented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Discontenting</u>.] <def>To deprive of content; to make uneasy; to
dissatisfy.</def>  <i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tent"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Want of content; uneasiness and inquietude of mind;
dissatisfaction; disquiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now is the winter of our <i>discontent</i><BR>
Made glorious summer by this sun of York.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rapacity of his father's administration had
excited such universal <i>discontent</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hallam</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A discontented person; a malcontent.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thus was the Scotch nation full of
<i>discontents</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*con`ten*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Discontent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tent"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Dissatisfied; uneasy in mind; malcontent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And every one that was in distress, and every one that
was in debt, and every one that was <i>discontented</i>, gathered
themselves unto him.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xxii. 2.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis`con*tent"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis`con*tent"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tent"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
discontent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tent"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Discontented.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing discontent; dissatisfying.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tent"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
or tending to discontent.</def> [R.] "Pride is ever
<i>discontentive</i>."  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tent"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being discontented; uneasiness; inquietude.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tin"u*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Admitting of being discontinued.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tin"u*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of discontinuing, or the state of
being discontinued; want of continued connection or continuity;
breaking off; cessation; interruption; as, a <i>discontinuance</i> of
conversation or intercourse; <i>discontinuance</i> of a highway or of
travel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
breaking off or interruption of an estate, which happened when an
alienation was made by a tenant in tail, or other tenant, seized in
right of another, of a larger estate than the tenant was entitled to,
whereby the party ousted or injured was driven to his real action,
and could not enter. This effect of such alienation is now obviated
by statute in both England and the United States.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The termination of an action in practice by
the voluntary act of the plaintiff; an entry on the record that the
plaintiff discontinues his action.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>That technical interruption of the proceedings in pleading in an
action, which follows where a defendant does not answer the whole of
the plaintiff's declaration, and the plaintiff omits to take judgment
for the part unanswered.</def>  <i>Wharton's Law Dict.
Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cessation; intermission; discontinuation;
separation; disunion; disjunction; disruption; break.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tin`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>discontinuation</i>.] <def>Breach or interruption of continuity;
separation of parts in a connected series; discontinuance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon any <i>discontinuation</i> of parts, made either
by bubbles or by shaking the glass, the whole mercury
falls.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tin"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discontinued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Discontinuing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>discontinuer</i>.]
<def>To interrupt the continuance of; to intermit, as a practice or
habit; to put an end to; to cause to cease; to cease using, to stop;
to leave off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Set up their conventicles again, which had been
<i>discontinued</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>discontinued</i> school<BR>
Above a twelvemonth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Taught the Greek tongue, <i>discontinued</i> before in
these parts the space of seven hundred years.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They modify and discriminate the voice, without
appearing to <i>discontinue</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tin"ue</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lose continuity or cohesion of parts; to
be disrupted or broken off.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be separated or severed; to
part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thyself shalt <i>discontinue</i> from thine
heritage.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xvii. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tin`u*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One whose possession of an estate is broken off, or
discontinued; one whose estate is subject to
discontinuance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tin"u*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
discontinues, or breaks off or away from; an absentee.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was no gadder abroad, not <i>discontinuer</i> from
his convent for a long time.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*con`ti*nu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
continuity or cohesion; disunion of parts.</def>
"<i>Discontinuity</i> of surface."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tin"u*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who deprives another of the possession of an estate by
discontinuance. See <u>Discontinuance</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*tin"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not continuous; interrupted; broken
off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A path that is zigzag, <i>discontinuous</i>, and
intersected at every turn by human negligence.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting a dissolution of continuity;
gaping.</def> "<i>Discontinuous</i> wound."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Discontinuous function</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a
function which for certain values or between certain values of the
variable does not vary continuously as the variable increases. The
discontinuity may, for example, consist of an abrupt change in the
value of the function, or an abrupt change in its law of variation,
or the function may become imaginary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*ven"ience</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unsuitableness; incongruity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`con*ven"ient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
convenient or congruous; unsuitable; ill-adapted.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dis*coph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; disk + <i>&?;</i> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of acalephs or jellyfishes, including most of the large
disklike species.</def> -- <wf>Dis*coph"o*rous</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis"cord`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>discord</i>,
<i>descord</i>, OF. <i>discorde</i>, <i>descorde</i>, F.
<i>discorde</i>, from L. <i>discordia</i>, fr. <i>discors</i>, <i>-
cordis</i>, discordant, disagreeable; <i>dis-</i> + <i>cor</i>,
<i>cordis</i>, heart; cf. F. <i>discord</i>, <i>n.</i>, and OF.
<i>descorder</i>, <i>discorder</i>, F. <i>discorder</i>, to discord,
L. <i>discordare</i>, from <i>discors</i>. See <u>Heart</u>, and cf.
<u>Discord</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want
of concord or agreement; absence of unity or harmony in sentiment or
action; variance leading to contention and strife; disagreement; --
applied to persons or to things, and to thoughts, feelings, or
purposes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A false witness that speaketh lies, and he that soweth
<i>discord</i> among brethren.</blockquote> <i>Prov. vi. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Peace to arise out of universal <i>discord</i>
fomented in all parts of the empire.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Union of musical sounds
which strikes the ear harshly or disagreeably, owing to the
incommensurability of the vibrations which they produce; want of
musical concord or harmony; a chord demanding resolution into a
concord.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For a <i>discord</i> itself is but a harshness of
divers sounds m&?;&?;&?;ing.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Apple of discord</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Apple</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Variance; difference; opposition; contrariety;
clashing; dissension; contention; strife; disagreement;
dissonance.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cord"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>discorden</i>, <i>descorden</i>, from the French. See
<u>Discord</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To disagree; to be
discordant; to jar; to clash; not to suit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The one <i>discording</i> with the other.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cord"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>descordable</i>.] <def>That may produce discord; disagreeing;
discordant.</def> [R.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dis*cord"ance</hw> (?), <hw>Dis*cord"an*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>discordance</i>.] <def>State or
quality of being discordant; disagreement; inconsistency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There will arise a thousand <i>discordances</i> of
opinion.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cord"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>discordant</i>, <i>descordaunt</i>, OF. <i>descordant</i>,
<i>discordant</i>, F. <i>discordant</i>, p. pr. of <i>discorder</i>,
OF. also, <i>descorder</i>. See <u>Discord</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disagreeing; incongruous; being at variance;
clashing; opposing; not harmonious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>discordant</i> elements out of which the
emperor had compounded his realm did not coalesce.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <u>Discord</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<sn><b>2.</b></sn>] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Dissonant; not in harmony or
musical concord; harsh; jarring; as, <i>discordant</i> notes or
sounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For still their music seemed to start<BR>
<i>Discordant</i> echoes in each heart.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Said of strata which lack
conformity in direction of bedding, either as in unconformability, or
as caused by a fault.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disagreeing; incongruous; contradictory; repugnant;
opposite; contrary; inconsistent; dissonant; harsh; jarring;
irreconcilable.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*cord"ant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*cord"ant*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cord"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
discord; contentious.</def> [Obs.] "His <i>discordful</i> dame."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cord"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
discord.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cor"po*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deprived
of the privileges or form of a body corporate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jas.
II.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cor`re*spond"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incongruous.</def>  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cost"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Discoast</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*coun"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>counsel</i>: cf. OF. <i>desconseiller</i>.] <def>To
dissuade.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"count`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discounted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Discounting</u>.] [OF. <i>desconter</i>,
<i>descompter</i>, to deduct, F. <i>d&eacute;compter</i> to discount;
pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>conter</i>, <i>compter</i>.
See <u>Count</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
deduct from an account, debt, charge, and the like; to make an
abatement of; as, merchants sometimes <i>discount</i> five or six per
cent for prompt payment of bills.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lend money upon, deducting the discount
or allowance for interest; as, the banks <i>discount</i> notes and
bills of exchange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Discount</i> only unexceptionable
paper.</blockquote> <i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take into consideration beforehand; to
anticipate and form conclusions concerning (an event).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To leave out of account; to take no notice
of.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of the three opinions (I <i>discount</i>
Brown's).</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 422 !></p>

<p><hw>Dis"count`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
lend, or make a practice of lending, money, abating the discount; as,
the <i>discount</i> for sixty or ninety days.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"count`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;compte</i>. See <u>Discount</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A counting off or deduction made from a gross
sum on any account whatever; an allowance upon an account, debt,
demand, price asked, and the like; something taken or
deducted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A deduction made for interest, in
advancing money upon, or purchasing, a bill or note not due; payment
in advance of interest upon money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The rate of interest charged in
discounting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At a discount</b></col>, <cd>below par, or below the
nominal value; hence, colloquially, out of favor; poorly esteemed;
depreciated.</cd> -- <col><b>Bank discount</b></col>, <cd>a sum equal
to the interest at a given rate on the principal (face) of a bill or
note from the time of discounting until it become due.</cd> --
<col><b>Discount broker</b></col>, <cd>one who makes a business of
discounting commercial paper; a bill broker.</cd> -- <col><b>Discount
day</b></col>, <cd>a particular day of the week when a bank discounts
bills.</cd> -- <col><b>True discount</b></col>, <cd>the interest
which, added to a principal, will equal the face of a note when it
becomes due. The principal yielding this interest is the <i>present
value</i> of the note.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*count"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being, or suitable to be, discounted; as, certain forms are necessary
to render notes <i>discountable</i> at a bank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*coun"te*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discountenanced</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Discountenancing</u> (?).]
[Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>countenance</i>: cf. OF.
<i>descontenancer</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;contenancer</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ruffle or discompose the countenance of;
to put of countenance; to put to shame; to abash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How would one look from his majestic brow . . . <BR>
<i>Discountenance</i> her despised!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The hermit was somewhat <i>discountenanced</i> by this
observation.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refuse to countenance, or give the
support of one's approval to; to give one's influence against; to
restrain by cold treatment; to discourage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A town meeting was convened to <i>discountenance</i>
riot.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*coun"te*nance</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unfavorable
aspect; unfriendly regard; cold treatment; disapprobation; whatever
tends to check or discourage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He thought a little <i>discountenance</i> on those
persons would suppress that spirit.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*coun"te*nan*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who discountenances; one who disfavors.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"count`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
discounts; a discount broker.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cour"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discouraged</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Discouraging</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>courage</i>: cf. OF. <i>descoragier</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;courager</i>: pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>corage</i>, F. <i>courage</i>. See <u>Courage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To extinguish the courage of; to dishearten;
to depress the spirits of; to deprive of confidence; to deject; --
the opposite of <i>encourage</i>; as, he was <i>discouraged</i> in
his undertaking; he need not be <i>discouraged</i> from a like
attempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fathers, provoke not your children to anger, lest they
be <i>discouraged</i>.</blockquote> <i>Col. iii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dishearten one with respect to; to
discountenance; to seek to check by disfavoring; to deter one from;
as, they <i>discouraged</i> his efforts.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dishearten; dispirit; depress; deject; dissuade;
disfavor.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cour"age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lack of courage;
cowardliness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cour"age*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being discouraged; easily disheartened.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cour"age*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>descouragement</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;couragement</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of discouraging, or the state of
being discouraged; depression or weakening of confidence;
dejection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which discourages; that which deters,
or tends to deter, from an undertaking, or from the prosecution of
anything; a determent; as, the revolution was commenced under every
possible <i>discouragement</i>.</def> "<i>Discouragements</i> from
vice."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cour"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
discourages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The promoter of truth and the <i>discourager</i> of
error.</blockquote> <i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cour"a*ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing or
indicating discouragement.</def> -- <wf>Dis*cour"a*ging*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*coure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
discover.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That none might her <i>discoure</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*course"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discursus</i> a running to and fro, discourse, fr.
<i>discurrere</i>, <i>discursum</i>, to run to and fro, to discourse;
<i>dis-</i> + <i>currere</i> to run: cf. F. <i>discours</i>. See
<u>Course</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The power of the mind to
reason or infer by running, as it were, from one fact or reason to
another, and deriving a conclusion; an exercise or act of this power;
reasoning; range of reasoning faculty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Difficult, strange, and harsh to the <i>discourses</i>
of natural reason.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sure he that made us with such large
<i>discourse</i>,<BR>
Looking before and after, gave us not<BR>
That capability and godlike reason<BR>
To fust in us unused.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conversation; talk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In their <i>discourses</i> after supper.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Filling the head with variety of thoughts, and the
mouth with copious <i>discourse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The art and manner of speaking and
conversing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of excellent breeding, admirable
<i>discourse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Consecutive speech, either written or
unwritten, on a given line of thought; speech; treatise;
dissertation; sermon, etc.; as, the preacher gave us a long
<i>discourse</i> on duty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Dealing; transaction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Good Captain Bessus, tell us the <i>discourse</i><BR>
Betwixt Tigranes and our king, and how<BR>
We got the victory.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp;  Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*course"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discoursed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Discoursing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exercise
reason; to employ the mind in judging and inferring; to reason.</def>
[Obs.] "Have sense or can <i>discourse</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express one's self in oral discourse;
to expose one's views; to talk in a continuous or formal manner; to
hold forth; to speak; to converse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid me <i>discourse</i>, I will enchant thine
ear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To relate something; to tell.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To treat of something in writing and
formally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*course"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To treat of; to expose or set forth in language.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The life of William Tyndale . . . is sufficiently and
at large <i>discoursed</i> in the book.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter or give forth; to
speak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It will <i>discourse</i> most eloquent
music.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To talk to; to confer with.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have spoken to my brother, who is the patron, to
<i>discourse</i> the minister about it.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cours"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who discourse; a narrator; a speaker; an
haranguer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In his conversation he was the most clear
<i>discourser</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The writer of a treatise or
dissertation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Philologers and critical
<i>discoursers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cours"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Discursive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Reasoning; characterized
by reasoning; passing from premises to consequences;
discursive.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing dialogue or conversation;
interlocutory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The epic is everywhere interlaced with dialogue or
<i>discoursive</i> scenes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to converse; conversable;
communicative; as, a <i>discoursive</i> man.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cours"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being discoursive or able to reason.</def> [R.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cour"te*ous</hw> (?; see <u>Courteous</u>, 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>courteous</i>: cf. OF.
<i>discortois</i>.] <def>Uncivil; rude; wanting in courtesy or good
manners; uncourteous.</def> -- <wf>Dis*cour"te*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Dis*cour"te*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cour"te*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>courtesy</i>: cf. OF. <i>descourtoisie</i>.] <def>Rudeness
of behavior or language; ill manners; manifestation of disrespect;
incivility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be calm in arguing; for fierceness makes<BR>
Error a fault, and truth <i>discourtesy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*court"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
courtesy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Disc"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>discus</i>
disk. See <u>Disk</u>.] <def>Disklike; discoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cov"e*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
dissolve covenant with.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discovered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Discovering</u>.] [OE. <i>discoveren</i>,
<i>discuren</i>, <i>descuren</i>, OF. <i>descovrir</i>,
<i>descouvrir</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;couvrir</i>; <i>des-</i> (L.
<i>dis-</i>) + <i>couvrir</i> to cover. See <u>Cover</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To uncover.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whether any man hath pulled down or <i>discovered</i>
any church.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Grindal.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disclose; to lay open to view; to make
visible; to reveal; to make known; to show (what has been secret,
unseen, or unknown).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, draw aside the curtains, and <i>discover</i><BR>
The several caskets to this noble prince.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Prosperity doth best <i>discover</i> vice; but
adversity doth best <i>discover</i> virtue.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We will <i>discover</i> ourselves unto
them.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xiv. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Discover</i> not a secret to another.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xxv. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To obtain for the first time sight or
knowledge of, as of a thing existing already, but not perceived or
known; to find; to ascertain; to espy; to detect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some to <i>discover</i> islands far away.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To manifest without design; to
show.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The youth <i>discovered</i> a taste for
sculpture.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To explore; to examine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disclose; bring out; exhibit; show; manifest;
reveal; communicate; impart; tell; espy; find; out; detect. -- To
<u>Discover</u>, <u>Invent</u>. We <i>discover</i> what existed
before, but remained unknown; we <i>invent</i> by forming
combinations which are either entirely new, or which attain their end
by means unknown before. Columbus <i>discovered</i> America; Newton
<i>discovered</i> the law of gravitation; Whitney <i>invented</i> the
cotton gin; Galileo <i>invented</i> the telescope.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cov"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To discover or
show one's self.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This done, they <i>discover</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Decker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor was this the first time that they
<i>discovered</i> to be followers of this world.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cov`er*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being discoverable.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cov"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being discovered, found out, or perceived; as, many minute animals
are <i>discoverable</i> only by the help of the microscope; truths
<i>discoverable</i> by human industry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cov"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who discovers; one who first comes to the
knowledge of something; one who discovers an unknown country, or a
new principle, truth, or fact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>discoverers</i> and searchers of the
land.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A scout; an explorer.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cov"er*ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Discovery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cov"ert</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;couvert</i> uncovered, OF. <i>descovert</i>. See
<u>Discover</u>, <u>Covert</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Not covert; not
within the bonds of matrimony; unmarried; -- applied either to a
woman who has never married or to a widow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cov"ert</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An uncovered place
or part.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>At discovert</b></col>, <cd>uncovered.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cov"er*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>coverture</i>: cf. OF. <i>descoverture</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Discovery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A state of being released
from coverture; freedom of a woman from the coverture of a
husband.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cov"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Discoveries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
action of discovering; exposure to view; laying open; showing; as,
the <i>discovery</i> of a plot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A making known; revelation; disclosure;
as, a bankrupt is bound to make a full <i>discovery</i> of his
assets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the clear <i>discoveries</i> of the next
[world].</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Finding out or ascertaining something
previously unknown or unrecognized; as, Harvey's <i>discovery</i> of
the circulation of the blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A brilliant career of <i>discovery</i> and
conquest.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We speak of the "invention" of printing, the
<i>discovery</i> of America.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is discovered; a thing found
out, or for the first time ascertained or recognized; as, the
properties of the magnet were an important
<i>discovery</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Exploration; examination.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cra"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take
from a cradle.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This airy apparition first <i>discradled</i><BR>
From Tournay into Portugal.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cred"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>discr&eacute;dit</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
discrediting or disbelieving, or the state of being discredited or
disbelieved; as, later accounts have brought the story into
<i>discredit</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, some degree of dishonor or
disesteem; ill repute; reproach; -- applied to persons or
things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the duty of every Christian to be concerned for
the reputation or <i>discredit</i> his life may bring on his
profession.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disesteem; disrepute; dishonor; disgrace; ignominy;
scandal; disbelief; distrust.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cred"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Discredited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Discrediting</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>discr&eacute;diter</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To refuse credence to; not to accept as true;
to disbelieve; as, the report is <i>discredited</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of credibility; to destroy
confidence or trust in; to cause disbelief in the accuracy or
authority of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An occasion might be given to the . . . papists of
<i>discrediting</i> our common English Bible.</blockquote>
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of credit or good repute; to
bring reproach upon; to make less reputable; to disgrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He. . . least <i>discredits</i> his travels who
returns the same man he went.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cred"it*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
creditable; injurious to reputation; disgraceful; disreputable.</def>
-- <wf>Dis*cred"it*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cred"it*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
discredits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*creet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Discreeter</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Discreetest</u>.] [F. <i>discret</i>, L.
<i>discretus</i> separated (whence the meaning <i>reserved</i>,
<i>prudent</i>), p. p. of <i>discernere</i>. See <u>Discern</u>, and
cf. <u>Discrete</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessed of
discernment, especially in avoiding error or evil, and in the
adaptation of means to ends; prudent; sagacious; judicious; not rash
or heedless; cautious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the <i>discreet</i> man, not the witty, nor the
learned, nor the brave, who guides the conversation, and gives
measures to society.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Satire 's my weapon, but I 'm too <i>discreet</i><BR>
To run amuck, and tilt at all I meet.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sea is silent, the sea is
<i>discreet</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Differing; distinct.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*creet"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*creet"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dis*crep"ance</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Dis*crep"an*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-ances</b></plw> (#),
<plw><b>-ancies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>disrepantia</i>: cf. OF.
<i>discrepance</i>. See <u>Discrepant</u>.] <def>The state or quality
of being discrepant; disagreement; variance; discordance;
dissimilarity; contrariety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There hath been ever a <i>discrepance</i> of vesture
of youth and age, men and women.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no real <i>discrepancy</i> between these two
genealogies.</blockquote> <i>G. S. Faber.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crep"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discrepans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>discrepare</i> to
sound differently or discordantly; <i>dis-</i> + <i>crepare</i> to
rattle, creak: cf. OF. <i>discrepant</i>. See <u>Crepitate</u>.]
<def>Discordant; at variance; disagreeing; contrary;
different.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Egyptians were . . . the most oddly
<i>discrepant</i> from the rest in their manner of
worship.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crep"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dissident.</def>  <i>J. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discretus</i>, p. p. of <i>discernere</i>. See <u>Discreet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Separate; distinct; disjunct.</def>  <i>Sir
M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disjunctive; containing a disjunctive or
discretive clause; as, "I resign my life, but not my honor," is a
<i>discrete</i> proposition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Separate; not coalescent; --
said of things usually coalescent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Discrete movement</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Concrete movement
of the voice</i>, under <u>Concrete</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Discrete proportion</b></col>, <cd>proportion where the ratio
of the <i>means</i> is different from that of either couplet; as,
3:6::8:16, 3 bearing the same proportion to 6 as 8 does to 16. But 3
is not to 6 as 6 to 8. It is thus opposed to <i>continued</i> or
<i>continual proportion</i>; as, 3:6::12:24.</cd> -- <col><b>Discrete
quantity</b></col>, <cd>that which must be divided into units, as
number, and is opposed to <i>continued quantity</i>, as duration, or
extension.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crete"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
separate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crete"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Separately;
disjunctively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cre"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>discr&eacute;tion</i>, L. <i>discretio</i> separation, difference,
discernment, fr. <i>discernere</i>, <i>discretum</i>. See
<u>Discreet</u>, <u>Discern</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Disjunction; separation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being discreet; wise
conduct and management; cautious discernment, especially as to
matters of propriety and self-control; prudence; circumspection;
wariness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The better part of valor is
<i>discretion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The greatest parts without <i>discretion</i> may be
fatal to their owner.</blockquote> <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Discrimination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well spoken, with good accent and good
<i>discretion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Freedom to act according to one's own
judgment; unrestrained exercise of choice or will.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At discretion</b></col>, <cd>without conditions or
stipulations.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 423 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dis*cre"tion*al</hw> (?), <hw>Dis*cre"tion*a*ry</hw> (?),
}[Cf. F. <i>discr&eacute;tionnaire</i>.] <def>Left to discretion;
unrestrained except by discretion or judgment; as, an ambassador with
<i>discretionary</i> powers.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dis*cre"tion*al*ly</hw> (?), <hw>Dis*cre"tion*a*ri*ly</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At discretion; according to one's
discretion or judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cre"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discretivus</i>. See <u>Discrete</u>.] <def>Marking distinction or
separation; disjunctive.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Discretive proposition</b></col> <i>(Logic &amp; Gram.)</i>,
<cd>one that expresses distinction, opposition, or variety, by means
of <i>discretive</i> particles, as <i>but</i>, <i>though</i>,
<i>yet</i>, etc.; as, travelers change their climate, <i>but</i> not
their temper.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cre"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
discretive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being discriminated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discriminalis</i> serving to divide.] <def>In palmistry, applied
to the line which marks the separation between the hand and the
arm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discriminans</i>, p. pr. of <i>discriminare</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>The eliminant of the <i>n</i> partial differentials of any
homogenous function of <i>n</i> variables. See
<u>Eliminant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discriminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>discriminare</i> to divide,
separate, fr. <i>discrimen</i> division, distinction, decision, fr.
<i>discernere</i>. See <u>Discern</u>, and cf. <u>Criminate</u>.]
<def>Having the difference marked; distinguished by certain
tokens.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discriminated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Discriminating</u> (?).] <def>To set apart
as being different; to mark as different; to separate from another by
discerning differences; to distinguish.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>discriminate</i> the goats from the
sheep.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a difference or distinction; to
distinguish accurately; as, in judging of evidence, we should be
careful to <i>discriminate</i> between probability and slight
presumption.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To treat
unequally.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>To
impose unequal tariffs for substantially the same service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*nate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
discriminating manner; distinctly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*nate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being discriminated; distinctness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*na`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marking
a difference; distinguishing.</def> --
<wf>Dis*crim"i*na`ting*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>And finds with keen <i>discriminating</i> sight,<BR>
Black's not so black; -- nor white so very white.</blockquote>
<i>Canning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discriminatio</i> the contrasting of opposite thoughts.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of discriminating, distinguishing, or
noting and marking differences.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make an anxious <i>discrimination</i> between the
miracle absolute and providential.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being discriminated,
distinguished, or set apart.</def>  <i>Sir J. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>The arbitrary
imposition of unequal tariffs for substantially the same
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A difference in rates, not based upon any
corresponding difference in cost, constitutes a case of
<i>discrimination</i>.</blockquote> <i>A. T. Hadley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being discriminating;
faculty of nicely distinguishing; acute discernment; as, to show
great <i>discrimination</i> in the choice of means.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which discriminates; mark of
distinction.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Discernment; penetration; clearness; acuteness;
judgment; distinction. See <u>Discernment</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Marking a difference; distinguishing;
distinctive; characteristic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That peculiar and <i>discriminative</i> form of
life.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Observing distinctions; making
differences; discriminating.</def> "<i>Discriminative</i> censure."
<i>J. Foster.</i> "<i>Discriminative</i> Providence."  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*na*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
discrimination or distinction.</def>  <i>J. Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.]
<def>One who discriminates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Discriminative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crim"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>discriminosus</i>, fr. L. <i>discrimen</i> the dangerous, decisive
moment. See <u>Discriminate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Hazardous; dangerous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>descrivre</i>. See <u>Describe</u>.] <def>To describe.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*crown"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discrowned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Discrowning</u>.] <def>To deprive of a
crown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The end had crowned the work; it not unreasonably
<i>discrowned</i> the workman.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cru"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Discruciated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Discruciating</u>.] [L. <i>discruciatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>discruciare</i>. See <u>Cruciate</u>.] <def>To torture; to
excruciate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Discruciate</i> a man in deep
distress.</blockquote> <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cu"bi*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discumbere</i>, <i>discubitum</i>, to lie down, recline at table;
<i>dis-</i> + <i>cumbere</i> (in comp.) to lie down.] <def>Leaning;
fitted for a reclining posture.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cul"pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disculpated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disculpating</u>.] [LL. <i>disculpatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>disculpare</i> to disculpate; <i>dis-</i> + L. <i>culpare</i> to
blame, <i>culpa</i> fault.] <def>To free from blame or the imputation
of a fault; to exculpate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I almost fear you think I begged it, but I can
<i>disculpate</i> myself.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`cul*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>disculpation</i>.] <def>Exculpation.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cul"pa*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to exculpate; exculpatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cum"ben*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>discumbens</i>, p. pr. of <i>discumbere</i>. See
<u>Discubitory</u>.] <def>The act of reclining at table according to
the manner of the ancients at their meals.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cum"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>cumber</i>: cf. OF. <i>descombrer</i>.] <def>To free from
that which cumbers or impedes; to disencumber.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Discover</u>.] <def>To discover; to reveal; to discoure.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will, if please you it <i>discure</i>, assay<BR>
To ease you of that ill, so wisely as I may.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cur"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not current
or free to circulate; not in use.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir E.
Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cur"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>discursio</i> a running different ways. See <u>Discourse</u>.]
<def>The act of discoursing or reasoning; range, as from thought to
thought.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cur"sist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
discourser.</def> [Obs.]  <i>L. Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cur"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>discursif</i>. See <u>Discourse</u>, and cf. <u>Discoursive</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Passing from one thing to another; ranging
over a wide field; roving; digressive; desultory.</def>
"<i>Discursive</i> notices."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The power he [Shakespeare] delights to show is not
intense, but <i>discursive</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man rather tacit than
<i>discursive</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reasoning; proceeding from one ground to
another, as in reasoning; argumentative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reason is her being,<BR>
<i>Discursive</i> or intuitive.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*cur"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*cur"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cur`so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Argumentative; discursive; reasoning.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cur"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>Argumentation; ratiocination; discursive reasoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Discuses</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Disci</b></plw> (#). [L.
See <u>Disk</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
quoit; a circular plate of some heavy material intended to be pitched
or hurled as a trial of strength and skill.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The exercise with the discus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This among the Greeks was one of the chief gymnastic
exercises and was included in the Pentathlon (the contest of the five
exercises). The chief contest was that of throwing the discus to the
greatest possible distance.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disk. See <u>Disk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cuss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Discussed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Discussing</u>.] [L. <i>discussus</i>, p. p. of <i>discutere</i>
to strike asunder (hence came the sense <i>to separate mentally</i>,
<i>distinguish</i>); <i>dis-</i> + <i>quatere</i> to shake, strike.
See <u>Quash</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To break to pieces; to
shatter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break up; to disperse; to scatter; to
dissipate; to drive away; -- said especially of tumors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many arts were used to <i>discuss</i> the beginnings
of new affection.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A pomade . . . of virtue to <i>discuss</i>
pimples.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To shake; to put away; to finish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All regard of shame she had
<i>discussed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To examine in detail or by disputation; to
reason upon by presenting favorable and adverse considerations; to
debate; to sift; to investigate; to ventilate.</def> "We sat and . .
. <i>discussed</i> the farm . . . and the price of grain."
<i>Tennyson.</i> "To <i>discuss</i> questions of taste."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To deal with, in eating or drinking.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We sat quietly down and <i>discussed</i> a cold fowl
that we had brought with us.</blockquote> <i>Sir S. Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To examine or search
thoroughly; to exhaust a remedy against, as against a principal
debtor before proceeding against the surety.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Discuss</u>, <u>Examine</u>, <u>Debate</u>.
We speak of <i>examining</i> a subject when we ponder it with care,
in order to discover its real state, or the truth respecting it. We
speak of <i>discussing</i> a topic when we examine it thoroughly in
its distinct parts. The word is very commonly applied to matters of
opinion. We may <i>discuss</i> a subject without giving in an
adhesion to any conclusion. We speak of <i>debating</i> a point when
we examine it in mutual argumentation between opposing parties. In
<i>debate</i> we contend for or against some conclusion or view.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*cuss"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
discusses; one who sifts or examines.</def>  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cus"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discussio</i> a shaking, examination, discussion: cf. F.
<i>discussion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
discussing by breaking up, or dispersing, as a tumor, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of discussing or exchanging
reasons; examination by argument; debate; disputation;
agitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The liberty of <i>discussion</i> is the great
safeguard of all other liberties.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Discussion of a problem</b></col> or <col><b>an
equation</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the operation of assigning
different reasonable values to the arbitrary quantities and
interpreting the result.</cd>  <i>Math. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cus"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to discussion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cuss"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>discussif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Able or
tending to discuss or disperse tumors or coagulated matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Doubt-dispelling; decisive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A kind of peremptory and <i>discussive</i>
voice.</blockquote> <i>Hopkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cuss"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine that discusses or disperses morbid humors; a
discutient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cu"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discutiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>discutere</i>. See <u>Discuss</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Serving to disperse morbid matter; discussive; as,
a <i>discutient</i> application.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An agent (as a medicinal application) which serves to disperse
morbid matter.</def> "Foment with <i>discutiens</i>."
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*dain"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>desdain</i>, <i>disdein</i>, OF. <i>desdein</i>, <i>desdaing</i>,
F. <i>d&eacute;dain</i>, fr. the verb. See <u>Disdain</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A feeling of contempt and
aversion; the regarding anything as unworthy of or beneath one;
scorn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How my soul is moved with just
<i>disdain</i>!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>Often implying an idea of haughtiness.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Disdain</i> and scorn ride sparkling in her
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is worthy to be disdained or
regarded with contempt and aversion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Most loathsome, filthy, foul, and full of vile
<i>disdain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being despised; shame.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Haughtiness; scorn; contempt; arrogance; pride. See
<u>Haughtiness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*dain"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disdained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disdaining</u>.] [OE. <i>disdainen</i>,
<i>desdainen</i>, OF. <i>desdeigner</i>, <i>desdaigner</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;daigner</i>; <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>daigner</i> to deign, fr. L. <i>dignari</i> to deem worthy. See
<u>Deign</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To think unworthy; to deem
unsuitable or unbecoming; as, to <i>disdain</i> to do a mean
act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Disdaining</i> . . . that any should bear the armor
of the best knight living.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reject as unworthy of one's self, or as
not deserving one's notice; to look with scorn upon; to scorn, as
base acts, character, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the Philistine . . . saw David, he
<i>disdained</i> him; for he was but a youth.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam.
xvii. 42.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is great, 't is manly to <i>disdain</i>
disguise.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To contemn; despise; scorn. See <u>Contemn</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*dain"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be filled with
scorn; to feel contemptuous anger; to be haughty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And when the chief priests and scribes saw the marvels
that he did . . . they <i>disdained</i>.</blockquote> <i>Genevan
Testament (Matt. xxi. 15).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*dained"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Disdainful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Revenge the jeering and <i>disdained</i> contempt<BR>
Of this proud king.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*dain"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
disdain; expressing disdain; scornful; contemptuous;
haughty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From these<BR>
Turning <i>disdainful</i> to an equal good.</blockquote>
<i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*dain"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*dain"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*dain"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Disdainfully.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Vives.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*dain"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>desdeignos</i>, <i>desdaigneux</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;daigneux</i>.]
<def>Disdainful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*dain"ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Disdainfully.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*de"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To divest
or deprive of deity or of a deific rank or condition.</def>
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*deign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disdain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Guyon much <i>disdeigned</i> so loathly
sight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*di"a*clast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di`s-
</grk> twice + <grk>diakla^n</grk> to break in twain; <grk>dia`</grk>
through + <grk>kla^n</grk> to break.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>One of
the dark particles forming the doubly refracting disks of muscle
fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*di`a*pa"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> (Gr. &?;) + <i>diapason</i>.] <i>(Anc. Mus.)</i> <def>An
interval of two octaves, or a fifteenth; -- called also
<i>bisdiapason</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ease"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>disese</i>,
OF. <i>desaise</i>; <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>aise</i> ease.
See <u>Ease</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lack of ease; uneasiness;
trouble; vexation; disquiet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So all that night they passed in great
<i>disease</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To shield thee from <i>diseases</i> of the
world.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An alteration in the state of the body or
of some of its organs, interrupting or disturbing the performance of
the vital functions, and causing or threatening pain and weakness;
malady; affection; illness; sickness; disorder; -- applied
figuratively to the mind, to the moral character and habits, to
institutions, the state, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Diseases</i> desperate grown,<BR>
By desperate appliances are relieved.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The instability, injustice, and confusion introduced
into the public counsels have, in truth, been the mortal
<i>diseases</i> under which popular governments have every where
perished.</blockquote> <i>Madison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Disease germ</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Germ</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Distemper; ailing; ailment; malady; disorder;
sickness; illness; complaint; indisposition; affection. --
<u>Disease</u>, <u>Disorder</u>, <u>Distemper</u>, <u>Malady</u>,
<u>Affection</u>. <i>Disease</i> is the leading medical term.
<i>Disorder</i> mean&?; much the same, with perhaps some slight
reference to an <i>irregularity</i> of the system. <i>Distemper</i>
is now used by physicians only of the diseases of animals.
<i>Malady</i> is not a medical term, and is less used than formerly
in literature. <i>Affection</i> has special reference to the part,
organ, or function disturbed; as, his <i>disease</i> is an
<i>affection</i> of the lungs. A <i>disease</i> is usually deep-
seated and permanent, or at least prolonged; a <i>disorder</i> is
often slight, partial, and temporary; <i>malady</i> has less of a
technical sense than the other terms, and refers more especially to
the suffering endured. In a figurative sense we speak of a
<i>disease</i> mind, of <i>disordered</i> faculties, and of mental
<i>maladies</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*ease"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Diseased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Diseasing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of ease; to
disquiet; to trouble; to distress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His double burden did him sore
<i>disease</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To derange the vital functions of; to
afflict with disease or sickness; to disorder; -- used almost
exclusively in the participle <i>diseased</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>diseased</i> in body and mind.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*eased"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Afflicted with
disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is my own <i>diseased</i> imagination that torments
me.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Morbid</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*eas"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being diseased; a morbid state; sickness.</def> [R.]  <i>T.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ease"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Causing uneasiness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Disgraceful to the king and <i>diseaseful</i> to the
people.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with disease; producing
diseases; as, a <i>diseaseful</i> climate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*ease"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being diseaseful; trouble; trial.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ease"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Uneasiness;
inconvenience.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*edge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive of
an edge; to blunt; to dull.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Served a little to <i>disedge</i><BR>
The sharpness of that pain about her heart.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ed"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fail of
edifying; to injure.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*eld"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of an elder or elders, or of the office of an elder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*sel"e*nide</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>di-</i> + <i>selenide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A selenide
containing two atoms of selenium in each molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bark"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disembarked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disembarking</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>embark</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sembarquer</i>.] <def>To remove
from on board a vessel; to put on shore; to land; to debark; as, the
general <i>disembarked</i> the troops.</def></p>

<p><! p. 424 !></p>

<p><blockquote>Go to the bay, and <i>disembark</i> my
coffers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bark"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go
ashore out of a ship or boat; to leave a ship; to debark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And, making fast their moorings,
<i>disembarked</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*em`bar*ka"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of disembarking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bark"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disembarkation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bar"rass</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disembarrassed</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disembarrassing</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>embarrass</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sembarasser</i>.] <def>To free
from embarrassment, or perplexity; to clear; to extricate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>disembarrass</i> himself of his
companion.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bar"rass*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Freedom or relief from impediment or perplexity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disembayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disembaying</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>embay</i>.]
<def>To clear from a bay.</def>  <i>Sherburne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bel"lish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>embellish</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sembellir</i>.]
<def>To deprive of embellishment; to disadorn.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free
from</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bod"ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Divested of
a body; ceased to be corporal; incorporeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>disembodied</i> spirits of the
dead.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bod"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of disembodying, or the state of being disembodied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bod"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disembodied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disembodying</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divest
of the body or corporeal existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Devils embodied and <i>disembodied</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To disarm and disband, as a
body of soldiers.</def>  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bogue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disembogued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disemboguing</u>.] [Sp. <i>desembocar</i>; pref.
<i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>embocar</i> to put into the mouth,
fr. <i>en</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>boca</i> mouth, fr. L. <i>bucca</i>
cheek.  Cf. <u>Debouch</u>, <u>Embogue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pour out or discharge at the mouth, as a stream; to vent; to
discharge into an ocean, a lake, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rolling down, the steep Timavus raves,<BR>
And through nine channels <i>disembogues</i> his waves.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To eject; to cast forth.</def> [R.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bogue"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
discharged; to flow out; to find vent; to pour out
contents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Volcanos bellow ere they
<i>disembogue</i>.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bogue"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of disemboguing; discharge.</def>  <i>Mease.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bos"som</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
separate from the bosom.</def> [R.]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bow"el</hw> (d&ibreve;s`&ebreve;m*bou"&ebreve;l),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Embowel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take or let out the bowels or interior parts of; to
eviscerate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Soon after their death, they are
<i>disemboweled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cook.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Roaring floods and cataracts that sweep<BR>
From <i>disemboweled</i> earth the virgin gold.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take or draw from the body, as the web
of a spider.</def> [R.] "Her <i>disemboweled</i> web."  <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bow"el*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of disemboweling, or state of being disemboweled;
evisceration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bow"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deprived
of, or removed from, a bower.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*bran"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>em</i> = <i>en</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>brangle</i>.]
<def>To free from wrangling or litigation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*broil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disembroiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disembroiling</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>embroil</i>.] <def>To disentangle; to free from perplexity; to
extricate from confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vaillant has <i>disembroiled</i> a history that was
lost to the world before his time.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*ploy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw
out of employment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*ploy"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being disemployed, or deprived of employment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This glut of leisure and
<i>disemployment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`em*pow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of power; to divest of strength.</def>  <i>H.
Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*a"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>enable</i>.] <def>To disable; to disqualify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sight of it might damp me and <i>disenable</i> me
to speak.</blockquote> <i>State Trials (1640).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*am"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free
from the captivity of love.</def>  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*chained"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Freed from
restraint; unrestrained.</def> [Archaic]  <i>E. A. Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*chant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disenchanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disenchanting</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>enchant</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;senchanter</i>.] <def>To free from
enchantment; to deliver from the power of charms or spells; to free
from fascination or delusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Haste to thy work; a noble stroke or two<BR>
Ends all the charms, and <i>disenchants</i> the grove.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*chant"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, disenchants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*chant"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>enchantment</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;senchantement</i>.] <def>The act of disenchanting, or
state of being disenchanted.</def>  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*charm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>en</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>charm</i>.] <def>To free from
the influence of a charm or spell; to disenchant.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*close</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Disinclose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*cour"age*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Discouragement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*crese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + OE. <i>encrese</i>, E. <i>increase</i>.] <def>To
decrease.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*crese"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Decrease.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*cum"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disencumbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disencumbering</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>encumber</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sencombrer</i>.] <def>To free
from encumbrance, or from anything which clogs, impedes, or
obstructs; to disburden.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>disencumbered</i> myself from
rhyme.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*cum"brance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Freedom
or deliverance from encumbrance, or anything burdensome or
troublesome.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*dow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of an endowment, as a church.</def>  <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*dow"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
depriving of an endowment or endowments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The] <i>disendowment</i> of the Irish
Church.</blockquote> <i>G. B. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*fran"chise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disfranchise; to deprive of the rights of a citizen.</def> --
<wf>Dis`en*fran"chise*ment</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*gage"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disengaged</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disengaging</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>engage</i>:
cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sengager</i>.] <def>To release from that with
which anything is engaged, engrossed, involved, or entangled; to
extricate; to detach; to set free; to liberate; to clear; as, to
<i>disengage</i> one from a party, from broils and controversies,
from an oath, promise, or occupation; to <i>disengage</i> the
affections a favorite pursuit, the mind from study.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>disengage</i> him and the kingdom, great sums
were to be borrowed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Caloric and light must be <i>disengaged</i> during the
process.</blockquote> <i>Transl. of Lavoisier.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To liberate; free; loose; extricate; clear;
disentangle; detach; withdraw; wean.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*gage"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To release
one's self; to become detached; to free one's self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From a friends's grave how soon we
<i>disengage</i>!</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*gaged"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not engaged;
free from engagement; at leisure; free from occupation or care;
vacant.</def> -- <wf>Dis`en*ga"ged*ness</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*gage"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>engagement</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sengagement</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of disengaging or setting free, or
the state of being disengaged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is easy to render this <i>disengagement</i> of
caloric and light evident to the senses.</blockquote> <i>Transl. of
Lavoisier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>disengagement</i> from earthly
trammels.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Jones.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from engrossing occupation;
leisure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Disengagement</i> is absolutely necessary to
enjoyment.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Butler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*ga"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Loosing;
setting free; detaching.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Disengaging machinery</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Engaging</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*no"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of that which ennobles; to degrade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An unworthy behavior degrades and <i>disennobles</i> a
man.</blockquote> <i>Guardian.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*roll"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disenrolled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disenrolling</u>.] <def>To erase from a roll or
list.</def> [Written also <i>disenrol</i>.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*san"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>en</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>sanity</i>.] <def>Insanity;
folly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What tediosity and <i>disensanity</i><BR>
Is here among!</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*shroud"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Freed
from a shroudlike covering; unveiled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>disenshrouded</i> statue.</blockquote> <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*slave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free
from bondage or slavery; to disenthrall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall <i>disenslave</i> and redeem his
soul.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*tail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>To free from entailment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*tan"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disentangled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disentangling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
free from entanglement; to release from a condition of being
intricately and confusedly involved or interlaced; to reduce to
orderly arrangement; to straighten out; as, to <i>disentangle</i> a
skein of yarn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To extricate from complication and
perplexity; disengage from embarrassing connection or intermixture;
to disembroil; to set free; to separate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>disentangle</i> truth from error.</blockquote>
<i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To extricate and <i>disentangle</i> themselves out of
this labyrinth.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A mind free and <i>disentangled</i> from all corporeal
mixtures.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To loose; extricate; disembarrass; disembroil;
clear; evolve; disengage; separate; detach.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*tan"gle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of disentangling or clearing from difficulties.</def>
<i>Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*ter"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Disinter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*thrall"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Enthrall</u>.] <def>To release from thralldom or slavery; to give
freedom to; to disinthrall.</def> [Written also <i>disenthral</i>.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*thrall"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Liberation from bondage; emancipation; disinthrallment.</def>
[Written also <i>disenthralment</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*throne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
dethrone; to depose from sovereign authority.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*ti"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of title or claim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every ordinary offense does not <i>disentitle</i> a
son to the love of his father.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*tomb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take
out from a tomb; a disinter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*trail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disembowel; to let out or draw forth, as the entrails.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As if he thought her soul to
<i>disentrail</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*trance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
awaken from a trance or an enchantment.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`en*twine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free
from being entwined or twisted.</def>  <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*sep"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>sepalous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having two sepals; two-
sepaled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>disertus</i>,
for <i>dissertus</i>, p. p.: cf. F. <i>disert</i>. See
<u>Dissert</u>.] <def>Eloquent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*er"ti*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disertitud</i>&?;.] <def>Eloquence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*ert"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Expressly;
clearly; eloquently.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`es*pouse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
release from espousal or plighted faith.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`es*tab"lish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
unsettle; to break up (anything established); to deprive, as a
church, of its connection with the state.</def>  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`es*tab"lish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of unsettling or breaking
up that which has been established; specifically, the withdrawal of
the support of the state from an established church; as, the
<i>disestablishment</i> and disendowment of the Irish Church by Act
of Parliament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being
disestablished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`es*teem"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
esteem; low estimation, inclining to dislike; disfavor;
disrepute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Disesteem</i> and contempt of the public
affairs.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`es*teem"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disesteemed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disesteeming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel an
absence of esteem for; to regard with disfavor or slight contempt; to
slight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But if this sacred gift you
<i>disesteem</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Qualities which society does not
<i>disesteem</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of esteem; to bring into
disrepute; to cause to be regarded with disfavor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What fables have you vexed, what truth redeemed,<BR>
Antiquities searched, opinions <i>disesteemed</i>?</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`es*teem"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disesteems.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*es`ti*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disesteem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ex"er*cise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of exercise; to leave untrained.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>disexercising</i> and blunting our
abilities.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fame"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disrepute.</def>
[R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fan"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
dislike.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*fash"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>fashion</i>. See <u>Fashion</u>, and cf. <u>Defeat</u>.]
<def>To disfigure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fa"vor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>favor</i>: cf. OF. <i>disfaveur</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;faveur</i>.]
[Written also <i>disfavour</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of
favor of favorable regard; disesteem; disregard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people that deserved my
<i>disfavor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is. x. 6 (1551).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sentiment of <i>disfavor</i> against its
ally.</blockquote> <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of not being in favor; a being
under the displeasure of some one; state of unacceptableness; as, to
be in <i>disfavor</i> at court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An unkindness; a disobliging
act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He might dispense favors and
<i>disfavors</i>.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fa"vor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disfavored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disfavoring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To withhold or withdraw
favor from; to regard with disesteem; to show disapprobation of; to
discountenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Countenanced or <i>disfavored</i> according as they
obey.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To injure the form or looks of.</def> [R.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fa"vor*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;favorable</i>.] <def>Unfavorable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Stow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fa"vor*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Unpropitiously.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*fa"vor*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disfavors.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fea"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Defeature</u>.] <def>To deprive of features; to mar the features
of.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*fel"low*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Fellowship</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To exclude from
fellowship; to refuse intercourse with, as an associate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An attempt to <i>disfellowship</i> an evil, but to
fellowship the evildoer.</blockquote> <i>Freewill Bapt.
Quart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fig`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Disfigure</u>, and cf. <u>Defiguration</u>.] <def>The act of
disfiguring, or the state of being disfigured; defacement; deformity;
disfigurement.</def>  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fig"ure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disfigured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disfiguring</u>.] [OF. <i>desfigurer</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;figurer</i>; pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>figurer</i> to fashion, shape, fr. L. <i>figurare</i>, fr.
<i>figura</i> figure. See <u>Figure</u>, and cf.
<u>Defiguration</u>.] <def>To mar the figure of; to render less
complete, perfect, or beautiful in appearance; to deface; to
deform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Disfiguring</i> not God's likeness, but their
own.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To deface; deform; mar; injure.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*fig"ure</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disfigurement;
deformity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fig"ure*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of disfiguring, or state of being
disfigured; deformity.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which disfigures; a defacement; a
blot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Uncommon expressions . . . are a <i>disfigurement</i>
rather than any embellishment of discourse.</blockquote>
<i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fig"ur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disfigures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*flesh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reduce
the flesh or obesity of.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*for"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To disafforest.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clear or deprive of forests or
trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*for`es*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of clearing land of forests.</def>  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*form"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Deformity</u>.] <def>Discordance or diversity of form; unlikeness
in form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Uniformity or <i>disformity</i> in comparing together
the respective figures of bodies.</blockquote> <i>S. Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fran"chise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disfranchised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disfranchising</u>.] [Cf. <u>Diffranchise</u>.]
<def>To deprive of a franchise or chartered right; to dispossess of
the rights of a citizen, or of a particular privilege, as of voting,
holding office, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir William Fitzwilliam was
<i>disfranchised</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fabyan (1509).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was partially <i>disfranchised</i> so as to be made
incapable of taking part in public affairs.</blockquote>
<i>Thirlwall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fran"chise*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of disfranchising, or the state of being disfranchised;
deprivation of privileges of citizenship or of chartered
immunities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sentenced first to dismission from the court, and then
to <i>disfranchisement</i> and expulsion from the
colony.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><! p. 425 !></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fri"ar</hw> (d&ibreve;s*fr&imacr;"&etilde;r), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To depose or withdraw from the condition of a
friar.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many did quickly unnun and <i>disfriar</i>
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*frock"</hw> (d&ibreve;s*fr&obreve;k"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To unfrock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fur"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disfurnished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disfurnishing</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>furnish</i>.] <def>To deprive of that with which anything is
furnished (furniture, equipments, etc.); to strip; to render
destitute; to divest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a thing obscure, <i>disfurnished</i> of<BR>
All merit, that can raise me higher.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fur"nish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of disfurnishing, or the state of being disfurnished.</def>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*fur"ni*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of disfurnishing, or the state of being disfurnished.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*fur"ni*ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disfurnish.</def> [R.]  <i>East.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free from
a gage or pledge; to disengage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gal"lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of gallantry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gar"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strip
of a garland.</def> [Poetic] "Thy locks <i>disgarland</i>."
<i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gar"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>garnish</i>. See <u>Degarnish</u>.] <def>To divest of
garniture; to disfurnish; to dismantle.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gar"ri*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of a garrison.</def>  <i>Hewyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gav"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disgaveled</u> (?) or <u>Disgaveled</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disgaveling</u>.] [See
<u>Gavelkind</u>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>To deprive of that
principal quality of gavelkind tenure by which lands descend equally
among all the sons of the tenant; -- said of lands.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
digest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ges"tion</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Digestion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*glo"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disglorified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disglorifying</u>.] <def>To deprive of glory; to
treat with indignity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Disglorified</i>, blasphemed, and had in
scorn.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*glo"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dishonor.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To the <i>disglory</i> of God's name.</blockquote>
<i>Northbrooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gorge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disgorged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disgorging</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;gorger</i>, earlier
<i>desgorger</i>; pref. <i>d&eacute;-</i>, <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-
</i>) + <i>gorge</i>. See <u>Gorge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
eject or discharge by the throat and mouth; to vomit; to pour forth
or throw out with violence, as if from the mouth; to discharge
violently or in great quantities from a confined place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This mountain when it rageth, . . . casteth forth huge
stones, <i>disgorgeth</i> brimstone.</blockquote> <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They loudly laughed<BR>
To see his heaving breast <i>disgorge</i> the briny
draught.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give up unwillingly as what one has
wrongfully seized and appropriated; to make restitution of; to
surrender; as, he was compelled to <i>disgorge</i> his ill-gotten
gains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gorge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To vomit forth
what anything contains; to discharge; to make restitution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See where it flows, <i>disgorging</i> at seven
mouths<BR>
Into the sea.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gorge"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;gorgement</i>.] <def>The act of disgorging; a vomiting;
that which is disgorged.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gos"pel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
inconsistent with, or act contrary to, the precepts of the gospel; to
pervert the gospel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*grace"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>disgr&acirc;ce</i>; pref. <i>dis-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>gr&acirc;ce</i>. See <u>Grace</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
condition of being out of favor; loss of favor, regard, or
respect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Macduff lives in <i>disgrace</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being dishonored, or covered
with shame; dishonor; shame; ignominy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To tumble down thy husband and thyself<BR>
From top of honor to <i>disgrace's</i> feet?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which brings dishonor; cause of shame
or reproach; great discredit; as, vice is a <i>disgrace</i> to a
rational being.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An act of unkindness; a disfavor.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The interchange continually of favors and
<i>disgraces</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disfavor; disesteem; opprobrium; reproach;
discredit; disparagement; dishonor; shame; infamy; ignominy;
humiliation.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*grace"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disgraced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disgracing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>disgracier</i>. See
<u>Disgrace</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put
out of favor; to dismiss with dishonor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flatterers of the <i>disgraced</i>
minister.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pitt had been <i>disgraced</i> and the old Duke of
Newcastle dismissed.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do disfavor to; to bring reproach or
shame upon; to dishonor; to treat or cover with ignominy; to lower in
estimation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall heap with honors him they now
<i>disgrace</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His ignorance <i>disgraced</i> him.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To treat discourteously; to upbraid; to
revile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The goddess wroth gan foully her
<i>disgrace</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To degrade; humble; humiliate; abase; disparage;
defame; dishonor; debase.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*grace"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bringing
disgrace; causing shame; shameful; dishonorable; unbecoming; as,
profaneness is <i>disgraceful</i> to a man.</def> --
<wf>Dis*grace"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*grace"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The Senate have cast you forth
<i>disgracefully</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gra"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disgraces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gra"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>disgracieux</i>.] <def>Wanting grace; unpleasing;
disagreeable.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gra"cive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Disgracing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`gra*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots
Law)</i> <def>Degradation; a stripping of titles and
honors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*grade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
degrade.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*grad"u*ate</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
degrade; to reduce in rank.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"gre*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disgregare</i>; <i>dis-</i> + <i>gregare</i> to collect, fr.
<i>grex</i>, <i>gregis</i>, flock or herd.] <def>To disperse; to
scatter; -- opposite of <i>congregate</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`gre*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The process of separation, or the condition of
being separate, as of the molecules of a body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*grun"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
dissatisfy; to disaffect; to anger.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*guise"</hw> (?; 232), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disguised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disguising</u>.] [OE. <i>desguisen</i>,
<i>disgisen</i>, <i>degisen</i>, OF. <i>desguisier</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;guiser</i>; pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>guise</i>. See <u>Guise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To change
the guise or appearance of; especially, to conceal by an unusual
dress, or one intended to mislead or deceive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bunyan was forced to <i>disguise</i> himself as a
wagoner.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hide by a counterfeit appearance; to
cloak by a false show; to mask; as, to <i>disguise</i> anger; to
<i>disguise</i> one's sentiments, character, or intentions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All God's angels come to us
<i>disguised</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To affect or change by liquor; to
intoxicate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have just left the right worshipful, and his
myrmidons, about a sneaker of five gallons; the whole magistracy was
pretty well <i>disguised</i> before I gave them the
ship.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conceal; hide; mask; dissemble; dissimulate;
feign; pretend; secrete. See <u>Conceal</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*guise"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A dress or exterior put on for purposes of concealment or of
deception; as, persons doing unlawful acts in <i>disguise</i> are
subject to heavy penalties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no passion which steals into the heart more
imperceptibly and covers itself under more <i>disguises</i>, than
pride.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Artificial language or manner assumed for
deception; false appearance; counterfeit semblance or show.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That eye which glances through all
<i>disguises</i>.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Change of manner by drink;
intoxication.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A masque or masquerade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Disguise</i> was the old English word for a
masque.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*guis"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
disguise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*guis"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being disguised.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*guise"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disguise.</def> [R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*guis"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, disguises.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who wears a disguise; an actor in a
masquerade; a masker.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*guis"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A masque or
masquerade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*gust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disgusted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disgusting</u>.] [OF. <i>desgouster</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;go&ucirc;ter</i>; pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>gouster</i> to taste, F. <i>go&ucirc;ter</i>, fr. L.
<i>gustare</i>, fr. <i>gustus</i> taste. See <u>Gust</u> to taste.]
<def>To provoke disgust or strong distaste in; to cause (any one)
loathing, as of the stomach; to excite aversion in; to offend the
moral taste of; -- often with <i>at</i>, <i>with</i>, or
<i>by</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>disgust</i> him with the world and its
vanities.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>&AElig;rius is expressly declared . . . to have been
<i>disgusted</i> at failing.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Alarmed and <i>disgusted</i> by the proceedings of the
convention.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gust"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>desgoust</i>,
F. <i>d&eacute;go&ucirc;t</i>. See <u>Disgust</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Repugnance to what is offensive; aversion or
displeasure produced by something loathsome; loathing; strong
distaste; -- said primarily of the sickening opposition felt for
anything which offends the physical organs of taste; now rather of
the analogous repugnance excited by anything extremely unpleasant to
the moral taste or higher sensibilities of our nature; as, an act of
cruelty may excite <i>disgust</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The manner of doing is more consequence than the thing
done, and upon that depends the satisfaction or <i>disgust</i>
wherewith it is received.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In a vulgar hack writer such oddities would have
excited only <i>disgust</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Nausea; loathing; aversion; distaste; dislike;
disinclination; abomination. See <u>Dislike</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*gust"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provoking
disgust; offensive to the taste; exciting aversion;
disgusting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That horrible and <i>disgustful</i>
situation.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gust"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being disgustful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*gust"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That causes
disgust; sickening; offensive; revolting.</def> --
<wf>Dis*gust"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dish</hw> (d&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>disc</i>, L. <i>discus</i> dish, disc, quoit, fr. Gr.
<grk>di`skos</grk> quoit, fr. <grk>dikei^n</grk> to throw.  Cf.
<u>Dais</u>, <u>Desk</u>, <u>Disc</u>, <u>Discus</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vessel, as a platter, a plate, a bowl, used
for serving up food at the table.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She brought forth butter in a lordly
<i>dish</i>.</blockquote> <i>Judg. v. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The food served in a dish; hence, any
particular kind of food; as, a cold <i>dish</i>; a warm <i>dish</i>;
a delicious <i>dish</i>. "A <i>dish</i> fit for the gods."</def>
<i>Shak.</i><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><blockquote>Home-home <i>dishes</i> that drive one from
home.</blockquote> <i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being concave, or like a
dish, or the degree of such concavity; as, the <i>dish</i> of a
wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A hollow place, as in a field.</def>
<i>Ogilvie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
trough about 28 inches long, 4 deep, and 6 wide, in which ore is
measured.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That portion of the produce
of a mine which is paid to the land owner or proprietor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dish</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dishing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put in a dish, ready for
the table.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make concave, or depress in the middle,
like a dish; as, to <i>dish</i> a wheel by inclining the
spokes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To frustrate; to beat; to ruin.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><col><b>To dish out</b></col>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <cd>To serve out
of a dish; to distribute in portions at table.</cd>
<sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>To hollow out, as a gutter in
stone or wood.</cd> -- <col><b>To dish up</b></col>, <cd>to take
(food) from the oven, pots, etc., and put in dishes to be served at
table.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ha*bil"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Disability</u>.] <def>To disqualify.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`ha*bille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Deshabille</u>.] <def>An undress; a loose, negligent dress;
deshabille.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They breakfast in <i>dishabille</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*hab"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>habit</i> to inhabit.] <def>To dislodge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those sleeping stones . . . from their fixed beds of
lime<BR>
Had been <i>dishabited</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*hab"it*ed</hw>, <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Rendered
uninhabited.</def> "<i>Dishabited</i> towns."  <i>R. Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ha*bit"u*ate</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To render unaccustomed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ha"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To disable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disparage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She oft him blamed . . . and him <i>dishabled</i>
quite.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*hal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
unholy; to profane.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor can the unholiness of the priest <i>dishallow</i>
the altar.</blockquote> <i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`har*mo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unharmonious; discordant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*har"mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
harmony; discord; incongruity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>disharmony</i> in the different impulses that
constitute it [our nature].</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*haunt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To leave; to
quit; to cease to haunt.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dish"cloth`</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cloth
used for washing dishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dish"clout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dishcloth.</def> [Obsolescent]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*heart"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
dishearten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*heart"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disheartened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disheartening</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>hearten</i>.] <def>To discourage; to deprive of courage and hope;
to depress the spirits of; to deject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Regiments . . . utterly disorganized and
<i>disheartened</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dispirit; discourage; depress; deject; deter;
terrify.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*heart"en*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Discouragement; dejection; depression of spirits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*heir"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Disherit</u>.] <def>To disinherit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*helm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i>
+ <i>helm</i> helmet.] <def>To deprive of the helmet.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lying stark,<BR>
<i>Dishelmed</i> and mute, and motionlessly pale.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*her"i*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Disherit</u>.] <def>The act of disheriting, or debarring from
inheritance; disinhersion.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*her"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disherited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disheriting</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;sh&eacute;riter</i>; pref.
<i>d&eacute;s-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>h&eacute;riter</i> to
inherit. See <u>Inherit</u>, and cf. <u>Dusheir</u>,
<u>Disinherit</u>.] <def>To disinherit; to cut off, or detain, from
the possession or enjoyment of an inheritance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*her"it*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>desheritance</i>.] <def>The act of disinheriting or state of being
disinherited; disinheritance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*her"it*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who puts another out of his inheritance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*shev"el</hw> (d&ibreve;*sh&ebreve;v"'l <i>or</i> -
&ebreve;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Disheveled</u> (?) or <u>Dishevelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disheveling</u> or <u>Dishevelling</u>.] [OF.
<i>descheveler</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;cheveler</i>, LL.
<i>discapillare</i>; <i>dis-</i> + L. <i>capillus</i> the hair of the
head. See <u>Capillary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To suffer (the
hair) to hang loosely or disorderly; to spread or throw (the hair) in
disorder; -- used chiefly in the passive participle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With garments rent and hair <i>disheveled</i>,<BR>
Wringing her hands and making piteous moan.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spread loosely or disorderly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the fair flower <i>disheveled</i> in the
wind.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*shev"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be spread in
disorder or hang negligently, as the hair.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*shev"ele</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Disheveled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dishevele</i>, save his cap, he rode all
bare.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*shev"eled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hanging in loose disorder; disarranged; as, <i>disheveled</i>
hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the hair in loose
disorder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dancing maidens are <i>disheveled</i>
M&aelig;nads.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>dish"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>dishfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a dish holds when
full.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dish"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dish-shaped;
concave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*hon"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i>
+ <i>honest</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;shonn&ecirc;te</i>, OF.
<i>deshoneste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dishonorable; shameful;
indecent; unchaste; lewd.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Inglorious triumphs and <i>dishonest</i>
scars.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Speak no foul or <i>dishonest</i> words before them
[the women].</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dishonored; disgraced; disfigured.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dishonest</i> with lopped arms the youth
appears,<BR>
Spoiled of his nose and shortened of his ears.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in honesty; void of integrity;
faithless; disposed to cheat or defraud; not trustworthy; as, a
<i>dishonest</i> man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by fraud; indicating a want
of probity; knavish; fraudulent; unjust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To get <i>dishonest</i> gain.</blockquote> <i>Ezek.
xxii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dishonest</i> profits of men in
office.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*hon"est</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>deshonester</i>.] <def>To disgrace; to dishonor; as, to
<i>dishonest</i> a maid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will no longer <i>dishonest</i> my
house.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*hon"est*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dishonest manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*hon"es*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>deshonest&eacute;</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;shonn&ecirc;tet&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Dishonor; dishonorableness; shame.</def> [Obs.] "The hidden
things of <i>dishonesty</i>."  <i>2 Cor. iv. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of honesty, probity, or integrity in
principle; want of fairness and straightforwardness; a disposition to
defraud, deceive, or betray; faithlessness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Violation of trust or of justice; fraud;
any deviation from probity; a dishonest act.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Lewdness; unchastity.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 426 !></p>

<p><hw>Dis*hon"or</hw> (d&ibreve;s*&obreve;n"&etilde;r <i>or</i>
d&ibreve;z-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>deshonour</i>,
<i>dishonour</i>, OF. <i>deshonor</i>, <i>deshonur</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;shonneur</i>; pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>honor</i>, <i>honur</i>, F. <i>honneur</i>, fr. L. <i>honor</i>.
See <u>Honor</u>.] [Written also <i>dishonour</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lack of honor; disgrace; ignominy; shame;
reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was not meet for us to see the king's
<i>dishonor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ezra iv. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His honor rooted in <i>dishonor</i>
stood.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The nonpayment or
nonacceptance of commercial paper by the party on whom it is
drawn.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disgrace; ignominy; shame; censure; reproach;
opprobrium.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*hon"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dishonored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dishonoring</u>.] [OE. <i>deshonouren</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;shonorer</i>; pref. <i>d&eacute;s-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>honorer</i> to honor, fr. L. <i>honorare</i>. See <u>Honor</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>dishonour</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of honor; to disgrace; to bring
reproach or shame on; to treat with indignity, or as unworthy in the
sight of others; to stain the character of; to lessen the reputation
of; as, the duelist <i>dishonors</i> himself to maintain his
honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing . . . that may <i>dishonor</i><BR>
Our law, or stain my vow of Nazarite.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To violate the chastity of; to
debauch.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To refuse or decline to accept or pay; --
said of a bill, check, note, or draft which is due or presented; as,
to <i>dishonor</i> a bill exchange.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disgrace; shame; debase; degrade; lower; humble;
humiliate; debauch; pollute.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*hon"or*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;shonorable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in
honor; not honorable; bringing or deserving dishonor; staining the
character, and lessening the reputation; shameful; disgraceful;
base.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in honor or esteem;
disesteemed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is <i>dishonorable</i> in riches, how much
more in poverty!</blockquote> <i>Ecclus. x. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To find ourselves <i>dishonorable</i>
graves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*hon"or*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*hon"or*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*hon"or*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bringing
dishonor on; tending to disgrace; lessening reputation.</def>
<i>Holmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*hon"or*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dishonors or disgraces; one who treats another indignity.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*horn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive of
horns; as, to <i>dishorn</i> cattle.</def> "<i>Dishorn</i> the
spirit."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*horse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
dismount.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*house"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of house or home.</def> "<i>Dishoused</i> villagers."  <i>James
White.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*hu"mor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ill
humor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*hu"mor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive of
humor or desire; to put out of humor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dish"wash`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, washes dishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European bird; the
wagtail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dish"wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Water in which
dishes have been washed.</def> "Suds and <i>dishwater</i>."  <i>Beau.
& Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`il*lu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of freeing from an illusion, or the state of being freed
therefrom.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`il*lu"sion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free from
an illusion; to disillusionize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`il*lu"sion*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disenchant; to free from illusion.</def> "The bitter
<i>disillusionizing</i> experience of postnuptial life."  <i>W.
Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`il*lu"sion*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of freeing from an illusion, or the state of being freed
therefrom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`im*bit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>imbitter</i>.  Cf. <u>Disembitter</u>.] <def>To free
from bitterness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`im*park"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free
from the barriers or restrictions of a park.</def> [R.]
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`im*pas"sioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free
from warmth of passion or feeling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`im*prove"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
worse; -- the opposite of <i>improve</i>.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`im*prove"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow
worse; to deteriorate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`im*prove"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reduction from a better to a worse state; as,
<i>disimprovement</i> of the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*car"cer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
liberate from prison.</def> [R.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in`cli*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being disinclined; want of propensity, desire, or affection;
slight aversion or dislike; indisposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disappointment gave him a <i>disinclination</i> to the
fair sex.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Having a <i>disinclination</i> to books or
business.</blockquote> <i>Guardian.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unwillingness; disaffection; alienation; dislike;
indisposition; distaste; aversion; repugnance.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*cline"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disinclined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disinclining</u>.] <def>To incline away the
affections of; to excite a slight aversion in; to indispose; to make
unwilling; to alienate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Careful . . . to <i>disincline</i> them from any
reverence or affection to the Queen.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To social scenes by nature
<i>disinclined</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*close"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Disenclose</u>.] <def>To free from being inclosed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*cor"po*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disincorporated</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disincorporating</u> (?).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of corporate powers, rights, or
privileges; to divest of the condition of a corporate body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To detach or separate from a
corporation.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*cor"po*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Separated from, or not included in, a corporation;
disincorporated.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*cor`po*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Deprivation of the rights and privileges of a corporation.</def>
<i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*fect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disinfected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disinfecting</u>.] <def>To free from infectious or contagious
matter; to destroy putrefaction; to purify; to make
innocuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the infectious matter and the infectious matter
and the odoriferous matter are one . . . then to deodorize is to
<i>disinfect</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*fect"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
disinfects; an agent for removing the causes of infection, as
chlorine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*fec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
disinfecting; purification from infecting matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*fect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, disinfects; an apparatus for applying
disinfectants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*flame"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To divest
of flame or ardor.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in`ge*nu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disingenuousness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*gen"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not noble; unbecoming true honor or dignity;
mean; unworthy; as, <i>disingenuous</i> conduct or schemes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not ingenuous; wanting in noble candor or
frankness; not frank or open; uncandid; unworthily or meanly
artful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>disingenuous</i> as not to confess them
[faults].</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis`in*gen"u*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>T.
Warton.</i> -- <wf>Dis`in*gen"u*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*hab"it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Uninhabited.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*her"i*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Disinherit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Disherison</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Disherison</u>.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*her"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disinherited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disinheriting</u>.] [Cf. <u>Disherit</u>,
<u>Disheir</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut off from an
inheritance or from hereditary succession; to prevent, as an heir,
from coming into possession of any property or right, which, by law
or custom, would devolve on him in the course of descent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of how fair a portion Adam <i>disinherited</i> his
whole posterity!</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of heritage; to
dispossess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>disinherit</i> Chaos, that reigns
here.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*her"it*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of disinheriting, or the condition of being; disinherited;
disherison.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*hume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disinter.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*sure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
insecure; to put in danger.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fanshawe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"te*gra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being disintegrated, or reduced to fragments or powder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Argillo-calcite is readily <i>disintegrable</i> by
exposure.</blockquote> <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"te*grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disintegrated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disintegrating</u>.] [L. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>integratus</i>, p. p. of <i>integrare</i> to renew, repair, fr.
<i>integer</i> entire, whole. See <u>Integer</u>.] <def>To separate
into integrant parts; to reduce to fragments or to powder; to break
up, or cause to fall to pieces, as a rock, by blows of a hammer,
frost, rain, and other mechanical or atmospheric
influences.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Marlites are not <i>disintegrated</i> by exposure to
the atmosphere, at least in six years.</blockquote>
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"te*grate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
decompose into integrant parts; as, chalk rapidly
<i>disintegrates</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in`te*gra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The process by which anything is
disintegrated; the condition of anything which is
disintegrated.</def> Specifically <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>The wearing away or falling to pieces of rocks or strata,
produced by atmospheric action, frost, ice, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Society had need of further <i>disintegration</i>
before it could begin to reconstruct itself locally.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"te*gra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A machine for grinding or pulverizing by
percussion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*ter"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disinterred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disinterring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take
out of the grave or tomb; to unbury; to exhume; to dig up.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring out, as from a grave or hiding
place; to bring from obscurity into view.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"ter*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;sint&eacute;resser</i> to deprive of interest in; pref.
<i>d&eacute;s-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>int&eacute;resser</i> to
interest, fr. L. <i>interesse</i> to import, concern. See
<u>Interest</u>, and cf. <u>Disinterest</u>.] <def>To deprive or rid
of interest in, or regard for; to disengage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"ter*ess*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sint&eacute;ressement</i>.] <def>Disinterestedness;
impartiality; fairness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"ter*est</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<def>Disinterested.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The measures they shall walk by shall be
<i>disinterest</i> and even.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"ter*est</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>What is contrary to interest or advantage; disadvantage.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indifference to profit; want of regard to
private advantage; disinterestedness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"ter*est</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To divest of
interest or interested motives.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"ter*est*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Disinteressed</u>.] <def>Not influenced by regard to personal
interest or advantage; free from selfish motive; having no relation
of interest or feeling; not biased or prejudiced; as, a
<i>disinterested</i> decision or judge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The happiness of <i>disinterested</i>
sacrifices.</blockquote> <i>Channing.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unbiased; impartial; uninterested; indifferent.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"ter*est*ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
disinterested manner; without bias or prejudice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"ter*est*ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being disinterested; impartiality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That perfect <i>disinterestedness</i> and self-
devotion of which man seems to be incapable, but which is sometimes
found in woman.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"ter*est*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Uninteresting.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Disinteresting</i> passages."
<i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*ter"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
disinterring, or taking out of the earth; exhumation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*thrall"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disinthralled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disinthralling</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>inthrall</i>.  Cf. <u>Disenthrall</u>.] <def>To free from
thralldom; to disenthrall.</def> [Written also
<i>disinthral</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*thrall"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
releasing from thralldom or slavery; disenthrallment.</def> [Written
also <i>disinthralment</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*in"tri*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disentangle.</def> [R.] "To <i>disintricate</i> the question."
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*ure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disinured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disinuring</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>inure</i>.]
<def>To render unaccustomed or unfamiliar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are hindered and <i>disinured</i> . . . towards the
true knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*ves"ti*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of depriving of investiture.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ogilvie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*vig"or*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
enervate; to weaken.</def> [R.]  <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`in*volve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
uncover; to unfold or unroll; to disentangle.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*jec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disjicere</i>, <i>disjectum</i>, to throw asunder, disperse;
<i>dis-</i> + <i>jacere</i> to throw.] <def>Destruction;
dispersion.</def>  <i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*join"</hw> (d&ibreve;s*join"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disjoined</u> (-joind");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disjoining</u>.] [OF.
<i>desjoindre</i>, F. <i>disjoindre</i>, <i>d&eacute;joindre</i>, fr.
L. <i>disjungere</i>; <i>dis-</i> + <i>jungere</i> to join. See
<u>Join</u>, and cf. <u>Disjoint</u>, <u>Disjunct</u>.] <def>To part;
to disunite; to separate; to sunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That marriage, therefore, God himself
<i>disjoins</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Never let us lay down our arms against France, till we
have utterly <i>disjoined</i> her from the Spanish
monarchy.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Windmill Street consisted of <i>disjoined</i>
houses.</blockquote> <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disunite; separate; detach; sever; dissever;
sunder; disconnect.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*join"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
separated; to part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*joint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>desjoint</i>, p. p. of <i>desjoindre</i>. See <u>Disjoin</u>.]
<def>Disjointed; unconnected; -- opposed to <i>conjoint</i>.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*joint"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From OF.
<i>desjoint</i>, p. p. of <i>desjoindre</i>. See <u>Disjoint</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Difficult situation; dilemma;
strait.</def> [Obs.] "I stand in such <i>disjoint</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*joint"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disjointed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disjointing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate the joints
of; to separate, as parts united by joints; to put out of joint; to
force out of its socket; to dislocate; as, to <i>disjoint</i> limbs;
to <i>disjoint</i> bones; to <i>disjoint</i> a fowl in
carving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet what could swords or poisons, racks or flame,<BR>
But mangle and <i>disjoint</i> the brittle frame?</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate at junctures or joints; to
break where parts are united; to break in pieces; as,
<i>disjointed</i> columns; to <i>disjoint</i> an edifice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some half-ruined wall<BR>
<i>Disjointed</i> and about to fall.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To break the natural order and relations
of; to make incoherent; as, a <i>disjointed</i> speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*joint"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall in
pieces.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*joint"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Separated at the
joints; disconnected; incoherent.</def> -- <wf>Dis*joint"ed*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Dis*joint"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*joint"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a disjointed
state.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ju`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Judgment; discrimination. See <u>Dijudication</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*junct"</hw> (d&ibreve;s*j&ubreve;&nsm;kt"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>disjunctus</i>, p. p. of
<i>disjungere</i> to disjoin. See <u>Disjoin</u>, and cf.
<u>Disjoint</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disjoined; separated.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the head,
thorax, and abdomen separated by a deep constriction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Disjunct tetrachords</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>tetrachords so disposed to each other that the gravest note of
the upper is one note higher than the acutest note of the
other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*junc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disjunctio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of disjoining;
disunion; separation; a parting; as, the <i>disjunction</i> of soul
and body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disjunctive proposition.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*junc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disjunctivus</i>: cf. F. <i>disjonctif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tending to disjoin; separating; disjoining.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Pertaining to disjunct
tetrachords.</def> "<i>Disjunctive</i> notes."  <i>Moore (Encyc. of
Music).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Disjunctive conjunction</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>one
connecting grammatically two words or clauses, expressing at the same
time an opposition or separation inherent in the notions or thoughts;
as, <i>either</i>, <i>or</i>, <i>neither</i>, <i>nor</i>, <i>but</i>,
<i>although</i>, <i>except</i>, <i>lest</i>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Disjunctive proposition</b></col>, <cd>one in which the parts
are connected by disjunctive conjunctions; as it is <i>either</i> day
<i>or</i> night.</cd> -- <col><b>Disjunctive syllogism</b></col>
<i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>one in which the major proposition is
<i>disjunctive</i>; as, the earth moves in a circle or an ellipse;
but in does not move in a circle, therefore it moves in an
ellipse.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*junc"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A disjunctive conjunction.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A disjunctive
proposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*junc"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
disjunctive manner; separately.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*junc"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of disjoining, or state of being disjoined; separation.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Disk</hw> (d&ibreve;sk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>discus</i>, Gr. <grk>di`skos</grk>. See <u>Dish</u>.] [Written
also <i>disc</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A discus; a
quoit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some whirl the <i>disk</i>, and some the javelin
dart.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flat, circular plate; as, a <i>disk</i>
of metal or paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The circular figure of a
celestial body, as seen projected of the heavens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A circular structure either
in plants or animals; as, a blood <i>disk</i>; germinal <i>disk</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
whole surface of a leaf.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The central
part of a radiate compound flower, as in sunflower.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A part of the receptacle enlarged or
expanded under, or around, or even on top of, the pistil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The anterior surface or oral area of c&oelig;lenterate animals,
as of sea anemones.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The lower side of
the body of some invertebrates, especially when used for locomotion,
when it is often called a <i>creeping disk</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In owls, the space around the
eyes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Disk engine</b></col>, <cd>a form of rotary steam
engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Disk shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any species of Discina.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*kind"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unkindness;
disservice.</def> [R.]  <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Disk"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no disk;
appearing as a point and not expanded into a disk, as the image of a
faint star in a telescope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*lade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
unlade.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*leal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Disloyal</u>,
<u>Leal</u>.] <def>Disloyal; perfidious.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Disleal</i>
knight."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 427 !></p>

<p><hw>Dis*leave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of leaves.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The cankerworms that annually that <i>disleaved</i>
the elms.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*like"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disliked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disliking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To regard with dislike or
aversion; to disapprove; to disrelish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every nation <i>dislikes</i> an impost.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To awaken dislike in; to displease.</def>
"<i>Disliking</i> countenance." <i>Marston.</i> "It <i>dislikes</i>
me."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*like"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
feeling of positive and usually permanent aversion to something
unpleasant, uncongenial, or offensive; disapprobation; repugnance;
displeasure; disfavor; -- the opposite of <i>liking</i> or
<i>fondness</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God's grace . . . gives him continual <i>dislike</i>
to sin.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The hint malevolent, the look oblique,<BR>
The obvious satire, or implied <i>dislike</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hannah
More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have spoken of the <i>dislike</i> of these
excellent women for Sheridan and Fox.</blockquote> <i>J.
Morley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>dislike</i> of a particular kind of sensational
stories.</blockquote> <i>A. W. Ward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Discord; dissension.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Distaste; disinclination; disapprobation; disfavor;
disaffection; displeasure; disrelish; aversion; reluctance;
repugnance; disgust; antipathy. -- <u>Dislike</u>, <u>Aversion</u>,
<u>Reluctance</u>, <u>Repugnance</u>, <u>Disgust</u>,
<u>Antipathy</u>. <i>Dislike</i> is the more general term, applicable
to both persons and things and arising either from feeling or
judgment. It may mean little more than want of positive liking; but
<i>antipathy</i>, <i>repugnance</i>, <i>disgust</i>, and
<i>aversion</i> are more intense phases of <i>dislike</i>.
<i>Aversion</i> denotes a fixed and habitual dislike; as, an
<i>aversion</i> to or for business. <i>Reluctance</i> and
<i>repugnance</i> denote a mental strife or hostility something
proposed (<i>repugnance</i> being the stronger); as, a
<i>reluctance</i> to make the necessary sacrifices, and a
<i>repugnance</i> to the submission required. <i>Disgust</i> is
repugnance either of taste or moral feeling; as, a <i>disgust</i> at
gross exhibitions of selfishness. <i>Antipathy</i> is primarily an
instinctive feeling of dislike of a thing, such as most persons feel
for a snake. When used figuratively, it denotes a correspondent
dislike for certain persons, modes of acting, etc. Men have an
<i>aversion</i> to what breaks in upon their habits; a
<i>reluctance</i> and <i>repugnance</i> to what crosses their will; a
<i>disgust</i> at what offends their sensibilities; and are often
governed by <i>antipathies</i> for which they can give no good
reason.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*like"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
dislike; disaffected; malign; disagreeable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*like"li*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The want
of likelihood; improbability.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*lik"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
unlike; to disguise.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*like"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unlikeness.</def> [R.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*lik"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dislikes or disrelishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*limb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tear limb
from limb; to dismember.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*limn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i>
+ <i>limn</i>.] <def>To efface, as a picture.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*link"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To unlink; to
disunite; to separate.</def> [R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*live"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive of
life.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Telemachus <i>dislived</i> Amphimedon.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"lo*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dislocated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dislocating</u> (?).] [LL. <i>dislocatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>dislocare</i>; <i>dis-</i> + <i>locare</i> to place, fr.
<i>locus</i> place. See <u>Locus</u>.] <def>To displace; to put out
of its proper place. Especially, of a bone: To remove from its normal
connections with a neighboring bone; to put out of joint; to move
from its socket; to disjoint; as, to <i>dislocate</i> your
bones.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After some time the strata on all sides of the globe
were <i>dislocated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And thus the archbishop's see, <i>dislocated</i> or
out of joint for a time, was by the hands of his holiness set right
again.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"lo*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>dislocatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Dislocated.</def>
<i>Montgomery.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`lo*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dislocation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of displacing,
or the state of being displaced.</def>  <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The displacement of parts
of rocks or portions of strata from the situation which they
originally occupied. Slips, faults, and the like, are
<i>dislocations</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The act of dislocating, or
putting out of joint; also, the condition of being thus
displaced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*lodge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dislodged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dislodging</u>.] [OF. <i>deslogier</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;loger</i>; pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + OF.
<i>logier</i>, F. <i>loger</i>. See <u>Lodge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To drive from a lodge or place of rest; to remove from a place
of quiet or repose; as, shells resting in the sea at a considerate
depth are not <i>dislodged</i> by storms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive out from a place of hiding or
defense; as, to <i>dislodge</i> a deer, or an enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Volscians are <i>dislodg'd</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*lodge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go from a
place of rest.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where Light and Darkness in perpetual round<BR>
Lodge and <i>dislodge</i> by turns.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*lodge"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dwelling apart;
separation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*lodg"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;logement</i>, OF. <i>deslogement</i>.] <def>The act or
process of dislodging, or the state of being dislodged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*loign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>desloignier</i>. See <u>Eloign</u>.] <def>To put at a distance; to
remove.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Low-looking dales, <i>disloigned</i> from common
gaze.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*loy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>loyal</i>: cf. OF. <i>desloial</i>, <i>desleal</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;loyal</i>. See <u>Loyal</u>.] <def>Not loyal; not true to
a sovereign or lawful superior, or to the government under which one
lives; false where allegiance is due; faithless; as, a subject
<i>disloyal</i> to the king; a husband <i>disloyal</i> to his
wife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without a thought <i>disloyal</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disobedient; faithless; untrue; treacherous;
perfidious; dishonest; inconstant; disaffected.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*loy"al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a disloyal
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*loy"al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>loyalty</i>: cf. OF. <i>desloiaut&eacute;</i>,
<i>deslealt&eacute;</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;loyaut&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Want of loyalty; lack of fidelity; violation of
allegiance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*mail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i>
+ <i>mail</i>: cf. OF. <i>desmaillier</i>.] <def>To divest of coat of
mail.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Formerly a noun; <i>e.
g.</i>, "I trow it was in the <i>dismalle</i>." <i>Chaucer</i>. Of
uncertain origin; but perh. (as suggested by Skeat) from OF.
<i>disme</i>, F. <i>d&icirc;me</i>, tithe, the phrase <i>dismal
day</i> properly meaning, the day when tithes must be paid. See
<u>Dime</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fatal; ill-omened;
unlucky.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An ugly fiend more foul than <i>dismal</i>
day.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gloomy to the eye or ear; sorrowful and
depressing to the feelings; foreboding; cheerless; dull; dreary; as,
a <i>dismal</i> outlook; <i>dismal</i> stories; a <i>dismal</i>
place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full well the busy whisper, circling round,<BR>
Convey'd the <i>dismal</i> tidings when he frowned.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>dismal</i> description of an English
November.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dreary; lonesome; gloomy; dark; ominous; ill-
boding; fatal; doleful; lugubrious; funereal; dolorous; calamitous;
sorrowful; sad; joyless; melancholy; unfortunate; unhappy.</p>

<p><hw>Dis"mal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dismal
manner; gloomily; sorrowfully; uncomfortably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"mal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being dismal; gloominess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*man"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
unman.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*man"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dismantled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dismantling</u> (?).] [F. <i>d&eacute;manteler</i>,
OF. <i>desmanteler</i>; pref: <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) +
<i>manteler</i> to cover with a cloak, defend, fr. <i>mantel</i>, F.
<i>manteau</i>, cloak. See <u>Mantle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strip or deprive of dress; to divest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strip of furniture and equipments,
guns, etc.; to unrig; to strip of walls or outworks; to break down;
as, to <i>dismantle</i> a fort, a town, or a ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>dismantled</i> house, without windows or shutters
to keep out the rain.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To disable; to render useless.</def>
<i>Comber.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To demo&?;sh; raze. See <u>Demol&?;sh</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*march"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To march
away.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*mar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>marry</i>: cf. OF. <i>desmarier</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;marier</i>.] <def>To free from the bonds of marriage; to
divorce.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*mar"shal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disarrange; to derange; to put in disorder.</def> [R.]
<i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*mask"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i>
+ <i>mask</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;masquer</i>.] <def>To divest of a
mask.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*mast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dismasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dismasting</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>mast</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;m&acirc;ter</i>.] <def>To deprive of a mast of masts; to
break and carry away the masts from; as, a storm <i>dismasted</i> the
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*mast"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
dismasting; the state of being dismasted.</def> [R.]
<i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*maw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To eject from
the maw; to disgorge.</def> [R.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*may"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dismayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dismaying</u>.] [OE. <i>desmaien</i>, <i>dismaien</i>, OF.
<i>esmaier</i>; pref. <i>es-</i> (L. <i>ex</i>) + OHG. <i>magan</i>
to be strong or able; akin to E. <i>may</i>. In English the pref.
<i>es-</i> was changed to <i>dis-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>). See
<u>May</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
disable with alarm or apprehensions; to depress the spirits or
courage of; to deprive or firmness and energy through fear; to daunt;
to appall; to terrify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not afraid, neither be thou
<i>dismayed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Josh. i. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What words be these? What fears do you
<i>dismay</i>?</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render lifeless; to subdue; to
disquiet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Do not <i>dismay</i> yourself for this.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To terrify; fright; affright; frighten; appall;
daunt; dishearthen; dispirit; discourage; deject; depress. -- To
<u>Dismay</u>, <u>Daunt</u>, <u>Appall</u>. <i>Dismay</i> denotes a
state of deep and gloomy apprehension. To <i>daunt</i> supposes
something more sudden and startling. To <i>appall</i> is the
strongest term, implying a sense of terror which overwhelms the
faculties.</p>

<p><blockquote>So flies a herd of beeves, that hear,
<i>dismayed</i>,<BR>
The lions roaring through the midnight shade.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jove got such heroes as my sire, whose soul<BR>
No fear could <i>daunt</i>, nor earth nor hell control.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now the last ruin the whole host <i>appalls</i>;<BR>
Now Greece has trembled in her wooden walls.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*may"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take dismay or
fright; to be filled with dismay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*may"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>esmai</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;moi</i>. See <u>Dismay</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Loss of courage and firmness through fear;
overwhelming and disabling terror; a sinking of the spirits;
consternation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . can not think of such a battle without
<i>dismay</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou with a tiger spring dost leap upon thy prey,<BR>
And tear his helpless breast, o'erwhelmed with wild
<i>dismay</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Barbauld.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Condition fitted to dismay; ruin.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dejection; discouragement; depression; fear;
fright; terror; apprehension; alarm; affright.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*may"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
being dismayed; dejection of courage; dispiritedness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*may"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Terrifying.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Disme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. See <u>Dime</u>.]
<def>A tenth; a tenth part; a tithe.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*mem"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dismembered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dismembering</u>.] [OF. <i>desmembrer</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;membrer</i>; pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis</i>) + OF. &amp; F.
<i>membre</i> limb. See <u>Member</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
tear limb from limb; to dilacerate; to disjoin member from member; to
tear or cut in pieces; to break up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fowls obscene <i>dismembered</i> his
remains.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A society lacerated and
<i>dismembered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By whose hands the blow should be struck which would
<i>dismember</i> that once mighty empire.</blockquote>
<i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of membership.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They were <i>dismembered</i> by vote of the
house.</blockquote> <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disjoint; dislocate; dilacerate; mutilate;
divide; sever.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*mem"ber*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>desmembrement</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;membrement</i>.] <def>The act of
dismembering, or the state of being dismembered; cutting in piece;
m&?;tilation; division; separation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Castilians would doubtless have resented the
<i>dismemberment</i> of the unwieldy body of which they formed the
head.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*met"tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
mettle, that is, or fire or spirit.</def> [R.]  <i>Llewellyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*miss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dismissed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dismissing</u>.] [L. <i>dis-</i> + <i>missus</i>, p. p. of
<i>mittere</i> to send: cf. <i>dimittere</i>, OF. <i>desmetre</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;mettre</i>. See <u>Demise</u>, and cf. <u>Dimit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To send away; to give leave of departure; to
cause or permit to go; to put away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>dismissed</i> the assembly.</blockquote> <i>Acts
xix. 41.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dismiss</i> their cares when they <i>dismiss</i>
their flock.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though he soon <i>dismissed</i> himself from state
affairs.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discard; to remove or discharge from
office, service, or employment; as, the king <i>dismisses</i> his
ministers; the matter <i>dismisses</i> his servant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lay aside or reject as unworthy of
attentions or regard, as a petition or motion in court.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*miss"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dismission.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*miss"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dismission;
discharge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Officeholders were commanded faithfully to enforce it,
upon pain of immediate <i>dismissal</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>dimissio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act dismissing or
sending away; permission to leave; leave to depart; dismissal; as,
the <i>dismission</i> of the grand jury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Removal from office or employment;
discharge, either with honor or with disgrace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rejection; a setting aside as trivial,
invalid, or unworthy of consideration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*miss"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving
dismission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*mort"gage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dismortaged</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dismortgaging</u> (?).] <def>To redeem from
mortgage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*mount"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dismounted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dismounting</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>mount</i>: cf. OF.
<i>desmonter</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;monter</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To come down; to descend.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>But now the bright sun ginneth to
<i>dismount</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To alight from a horse; to descend or get
off, as a rider from his beast; as, the troops
<i>dismounted</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*mount"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To throw or bring down from an elevation, place of honor and
authority, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dismounted</i> from his authority.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw or remove from a horse; to
unhorse; as, the soldier <i>dismounted</i> his adversary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To take down, or apart, as
a machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To throw or remove from the carriage, or
from that on which a thing is mounted; to break the carriage or
wheels of, and render useless; to deprive of equipments or mountings;
-- said esp. of artillery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*nat"u*ral*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
make alien; to deprive of the privileges of birth.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*na"tured</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>nature</i>: cf. OF. <i>desnatur&eacute;</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;natur&eacute;</i>.] <def>Deprived or destitute of natural
feelings; unnatural.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*be"di*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect
or refusal to obey; violation of a command or prohibition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is undutiful to him other actions, and lives in
open <i>disobedience</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*be"di*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disobedience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*be"di*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>obedient</i>. See <u>Disobey</u>, <u>Obedient</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Neglecting or refusing to obey; omitting to
do what is commanded, or doing what is prohibited; refractory; not
observant of duty or rules prescribed by authority; -- applied to
persons and acts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>disobedient</i> spirit in the
colonies.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Disobedient</i> unto the word of the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xiii. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not yielding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Medicines used unnecessarily contribute to shorten
life, by sooner rendering peculiar parts of the system
<i>disobedient</i> to stimuli.</blockquote> <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*be"di*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
disobedient manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*bei"sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;sob&eacute;issance</i>.] <def>Disobedience.</def> [Obs.]
<i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*bei"sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;sob&eacute;issant</i>.] <def>Disobedient.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*bey"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disobeyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disobeying</u>.] [F. <i>d&eacute;sob&eacute;ir</i>;
pref. <i>d&eacute;s-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>ob&eacute;ir</i>. See
<u>Obey</u>, and cf. <u>Disobedient</u>.] <def>Not to obey; to
neglect or refuse to obey (a superior or his commands, the laws,
etc.); to transgress the commands of (one in authority); to violate,
as an order; as, refractory children <i>disobey</i> their parents;
men <i>disobey</i> their Maker and the laws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not to <i>disobey</i> her lord's behest.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*bey"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To refuse or
neglect to obey; to violate commands; to be disobedient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He durst not know how to <i>disobey</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*bey"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disobeys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ob`li*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of disobliging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disobliging act; an offense.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Release from obligation.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ob"li*ga*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Releasing from obligation.</def> "<i>Disobligatory</i> power."
<i>Charles I.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*blige"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disobliged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disobliging</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>oblige</i>:
cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sobliger</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To do an
act which contravenes the will or desires of; to offend by an act of
unkindness or incivility; to displease; to refrain from obliging; to
be unaccommodating to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those . . . who slight and <i>disoblige</i> their
friends, shall infallibly come to know the value of them by having
none when they shall most need them.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My plan has given offense to some gentlemen, whom it
would not be very safe to <i>disoblige</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><! p. 428 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To release from obligation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Absolving and <i>disobliging</i> from a more general
command for some just and reasonable cause.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*blige"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Release
from obligation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*bli"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disobliges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*bli"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not obliging; not disposed to do a favor;
unaccommodating; as, a <i>disobliging</i> person or act.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Displeasing; offensive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cov. of Tongue.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis`o*bli"ging*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis`o*bli"ging*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*oc"ci*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn
away from the west; to throw out of reckoning as to longitude.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marvell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*oc`cu*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being unemployed; want of occupation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`o*pin"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want or
difference of belief; disbelief.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*op"pi*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>oppilatus</i>, p. p. of <i>oppilare</i> to shut up.]
<def>To open.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*orb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i>
+ <i>orb</i>.] <def>To throw out of the proper orbit; to
unsphere.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ord"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disorder.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`or*deined"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ordain</u>.] <def>Inordinate; irregular; vicious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*or"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>order</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sordre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Want of order or regular disposition; lack of arrangement;
confusion; disarray; as, the troops were thrown into <i>disorder</i>;
the papers are in <i>disorder</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Neglect of order or system;
irregularity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From vulgar bounds with brave <i>disorder</i>
part,<BR>
And snatch a grace beyond the reach of art.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Breach of public order; disturbance of the
peace of society; tumult.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Disturbance of the functions of the animal
economy or of the soul; sickness; derangement.</def> "<i>Disorder</i>
in the body."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Irregularity; disarrangement; confusion; tumult;
bustle; disturbance; disease; illness; indisposition; sickness;
ailment; malady; distemper. See <u>Disease</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*or"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disordered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disordering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To disturb the order of;
to derange or disarrange; to throw into confusion; to
confuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Disordering</i> the whole frame or
jurisprudence.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The burden . . . <i>disordered</i> the aids and
auxiliary rafters into a common ruin.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disturb or interrupt the regular and
natural functions of (either body or mind); to produce sickness or
indisposition in; to discompose; to derange; as, to <i>disorder</i>
the head or stomach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man whose judgment was so much <i>disordered</i> by
party spirit.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To depose from holy orders.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disarrange; derange; confuse; discompose.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*or"dered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Thrown into disorder; deranged; as, a <i>disordered</i> house,
judgment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disorderly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*or"dered*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*or"dered*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*or"der*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being disorderly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*or"der*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not in order; marked by disorder;
disarranged; immethodical; as, the books and papers are in a
<i>disorderly</i> state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not acting in an orderly way, as the
functions of the body or mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not complying with the restraints of order
and law; tumultuous; unruly; lawless; turbulent; as,
<i>disorderly</i> people; <i>disorderly</i> assemblies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Offensive to good morals and
public decency; notoriously offensive; as, a <i>disorderly</i>
house.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Irregular; immethodical; confused; tumultuous;
inordinate; intemperate; unruly; lawless; vicious.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*or"der*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
disorderly manner; without law or order; irregularly;
confusedly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Withdraw yourselves from every brother that walketh
<i>disorderly</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Thess. iii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Savages fighting <i>disorderly</i> with
stones.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*or"di*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disarrangement; disturbance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*or"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inordinate;
disorderly.</def> [Obs.] "With <i>disordinate</i> gestures."
<i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*or"di*nate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Inordinately.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*or`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being in disorder; derangement; confusion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*or`gan*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;sorganisation</i>. See <u>Disorganize</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of disorganizing;
destruction of system.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being disorganized; as, the
<i>disorganization</i> of the body, or of government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The magazine of a pawnbroker in such total
<i>disorganization</i>, that the owner can never lay his hands upon
any one article at the moment he has occasion for it.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*or"gan*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disorganized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disorganizing</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>organize</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sorganiser</i>.] <def>To destroy
the organic structure or regular system of (a government, a society,
a party, etc.); to break up (what is organized); to throw into utter
disorder; to disarrange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lyford . . . attempted to <i>disorganize</i> the
church.</blockquote> <i>Eliot (1809).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*or"gan*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disorganizes or causes disorder and confusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*o"ri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn
away from the east; to confuse as to which way is east; to cause to
lose one's bearings.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*o"ri*en*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
turn away from the east, or (figuratively) from the right or the
truth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*own"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disowned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disowning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To refuse to own or
acknowledge as belonging to one's self; to disavow or deny, as
connected with one's self personally; as, a parent can hardly
<i>disown</i> his child; an author will sometimes <i>disown</i> his
writings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refuse to acknowledge or allow; to
deny.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then they, who brother's better claim
<i>disown</i>,<BR>
Expel their parents, and usurp the throne.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disavow; disclaim; deny; abnegate; renounce;
disallow.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*own"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
disowning.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*ox"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To deoxidate; to deoxidize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*ox`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Deoxidation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*ox"y*gen*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To deprive of oxygen; to deoxidize.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*ox`y*gen*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Deoxidation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*pace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i>
asunder, different ways, to and fro + <i>pace</i>.] <def>To
roam.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In this fair plot <i>dispacing</i> to and
fro.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pair"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To separate
(a pair).</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have . . . <i>dispaired</i> two doves.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pand"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dispandere</i> to spread out; pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>pandere</i>,
<i>pansum</i>, to spread out.] <def>To spread out; to expand.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pan"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dispand</u>.] <def>Act of dispanding, or state of being
dispanded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*par"a*dised</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Removed from
paradise.</def> [R.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*par"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disparaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disparaging</u> (?).] [OF. <i>desparagier</i>,
F. <i>d&eacute;parager</i>, to marry unequally; pref. <i>des-</i> (L.
<i>dis-</i>) + F. <i>parage</i> extraction, lineage, from L.
<i>par</i> equal, peer. See <u>Peer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
match unequally; to degrade or dishonor by an unequal marriage.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Alas! that any of my nation<BR>
Should ever so foul <i>disparaged</i> be.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dishonor by a comparison with what is
inferior; to lower in rank or estimation by actions or words; to
speak slightingly of; to depreciate; to undervalue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those forbidding appearances which sometimes
<i>disparage</i> the actions of men sincerely pious.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou durst not thus <i>disparage</i> glorious
arms.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To decry; depreciate; undervalue; underrate;
cheapen; vilify; reproach; detract from; derogate from; degrade;
debase. See <u>Decry</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis"pa*rage`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inequality in
marriage; marriage with an inferior.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dissuaded her from such a
<i>disparage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*par"age*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>desparagement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Matching any one in
marriage under his or her degree; injurious union with something of
inferior excellence; a lowering in rank or estimation.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And thought that match a foul
<i>disparagement</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Injurious comparison with an inferior; a
depreciating or dishonoring opinion or insinuation; diminution of
value; dishonor; indignity; reproach; disgrace; detraction; --
commonly with <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It ought to be no <i>disparagement</i> to a star that
it is not the sun.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Imitation is a <i>disparagement</i> and a degradation
in a Christian minister.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Indignity; derogation; detraction; reproach;
dishonor; debasement; degradation; disgrace.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*par"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disparages or dishonors; one who vilifies or disgraces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*par"a*ging*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner to disparage or dishonor; slightingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"pa*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disparatus</i>, p. p. of <i>disparare</i> to part, separate;
<i>dis-</i> + <i>parare</i> to make ready, prepare.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unequal; dissimilar; separate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Connecting <i>disparate</i> thoughts, purely by means
of resemblances in the words expressing them.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Pertaining to two
co&ouml;rdinate species or divisions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"pa*rates</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Things so
unequal or unlike that they can not be compared with each
other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pa*ri"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>disparition</i>.] <def>Act of disappearing; disappearance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*par"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Disparities</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>disparitas</i>, fr. L.
<i>dispar</i> unlike, unequal; <i>dis-</i> + <i>par</i> equal: cf. F.
<i>disparit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Par</u>, <u>Peer</u>.]
<def>Inequality; difference in age, rank, condition, or excellence;
dissimilitude; -- followed by <i>between</i>, <i>in</i>, <i>of</i>,
<i>as to</i>, etc.; as, <i>disparity</i> in, or of, years; a
<i>disparity</i> as to color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>disparity</i> between God and his intelligent
creatures.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>disparity</i> of numbers was not such as ought
to cause any uneasiness.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inequality; unlikeness; dissimilitude;
disproportion; difference.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*park"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To throw (a park or inclosure); to treat (a private park) as a
common.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Gentiles were made to be God's people when the
Jews' inclosure was <i>disparked</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set at large; to release from
inclosure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till his free muse threw down the pale,<BR>
And did at once <i>dispark</i> them all.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*par"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>desparpeillier</i>.] <def>To scatter abroad.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*part"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disparted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disparting</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>part</i>: cf. OF.
<i>despartir</i>.] <def>To part asunder; to divide; to separate; to
sever; to rend; to rive or split; as, <i>disparted</i> air;
<i>disparted</i> towers.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Them in twelve troops their captain did
<i>dispart</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The world will be whole, and refuses to be
<i>disparted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*part"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To separate, to
open; to cleave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*part"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Gun.)</i> <def>The difference between the thickness of the metal
at the mouth and at the breech of a piece of ordnance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On account of the <i>dispart</i>, the line of aim or
line of metal, which is in a plane passing through the axis of the
gun, always makes a small angle with the axis.</blockquote> <i>Eng.
Cys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A piece of metal placed on
the muzzle, or near the trunnions, on the top of a piece of ordnance,
to make the line of sight parallel to the axis of the bore; -- called
also <i>dispart sight</i>, and <i>muzzle sight</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*part"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Gun.)</i> <def>To make allowance for the dispart in (a gun), when
taking aim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every gunner, before he shoots, must truly
<i>dispart</i> his piece.</blockquote> <i>Lucar.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>To furnish with a dispart
sight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pas"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Freedom from
passion; an undisturbed state; apathy.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pas"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from passion; not warped, prejudiced,
swerved, or carried away by passion or feeling; judicial; calm;
composed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wise and <i>dispassionate</i> men.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not dictated by passion; not proceeding
from temper or bias; impartial; as, <i>dispassionate</i> proceedings;
a <i>dispassionate</i> view.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Calm; cool; composed serene; unimpassioned;
temperate; moderate; impartial; unruffled.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*pas"sion*ate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*pas"sion*ate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pas"sioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
passion; dispassionate.</def> [R.] "<i>Dispassioned</i> men."
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*patch"</hw> (?; 224), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dispatched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dispatching</u>.] [OF. <i>despeechier</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;p&ecirc;cher</i>; prob. from pref. <i>des-</i> (L.
<i>dis-</i>) + (assumed) LL. <i>pedicare</i> to place obstacles in
the way, fr. L. <i>pedica</i> fetter, fr. <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>,
foot. See <u>Foot</u>, and cf. <u>Impeach</u>, <u>Despatch</u>.]
[Written also <i>despatch</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dispose of
speedily, as business; to execute quickly; to make a speedy end of;
to finish; to perform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere we put ourselves in arms, <i>dispatch</i> we<BR>
The business we have talked of.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[The] harvest men . . . almost in one fair day
<i>dispatcheth</i> all the harvest work.</blockquote> <i>Robynson
(More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rid; to free.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I had clean <i>dispatched</i> myself of this great
charge.</blockquote> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To get rid of by sending off; to send away
hastily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unless <i>dispatched</i> to the mansion house in the
country . . . they perish among the lumber of garrets.</blockquote>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To send off or away; -- particularly
applied to sending off messengers, messages, letters, etc., on
special business, and implying haste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even with the speediest expedition<BR>
I will <i>dispatch</i> him to the emperor's cou&?;&?;.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To send out of the world; to put to
death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The company shall stone them with stones, and
<i>dispatch</i> them with their swords.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxiii.
47.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To expedite; hasten; speed; accelerate; perform;
conclude; finish; slay; kill.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*patch"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make haste;
to conclude an affair; to finish a matter of business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have <i>dispatched</i> with Pompey.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*patch"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>despeche</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;p&ecirc;che</i>. See <u>Dispatch</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>despatch</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of sending a message or messenger in
haste or on important business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any sending away; dismissal;
riddance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the utter <i>dispatch</i> of all their most beloved
comforts.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The finishing up of a business; speedy
performance, as of business; prompt execution; diligence;
haste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Serious business, craving quick
<i>dispatch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To carry his scythe . . . with a sufficient
<i>dispatch</i> through a sufficient space.</blockquote>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A message dispatched or sent with speed;
especially, an important official letter sent from one public officer
to another; -- often used in the plural; as, a messenger has arrived
with <i>dispatches</i> for the American minister; naval or military
<i>dispatches</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A message transmitted by telegraph.</def>
[Modern]</p>

<p><col><b>Dispatch boat</b></col>, <cd>a swift vessel for conveying
dispatches; an advice boat.</cd> -- <col><b>Dispatch box</b></col>,
<cd>a box for carrying dispatches; a box for papers and other
conveniences when traveling.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Haste; hurry; promptness; celerity; speed. See
<u>Haste</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*patch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dispatches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*patch"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bent on
haste; intent on speedy execution of business or any task; indicating
haste; quick; as, <i>dispatchful</i> looks.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*patch"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>despechement</i>.] <def>The act of dispatching.</def> [Obs.]
<i>State Trials (1529).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"pa*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dispathies</b></plw> (#). [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + Gr. &?;
passion. See <u>Pathos</u>.] <def>Lack of sympathy; want of passion;
apathy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many discrepancies and some <i>dispathies</i> between
us.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pau"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of the claim of a pauper to public support; to deprive of the
privilege of suing <i>in forma pauperis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pau"per*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free
a state of pauperism, or from paupers.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*peed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i>
+ <i>speed</i>.] <def>To send off with speed; to dispatch.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then they <i>dispeeded</i> themselves of the Cid and
of their mother-in-law, Do&?;a Ximena.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dispelled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dispelling</u>.] [L. <i>dispellere</i>; <i>dis-</i> +
<i>pellere</i> to push, drive. See <u>Pulse</u> a beating.] <def>To
drive away by scattering, or so to cause to vanish; to clear away; to
banish; to dissipate; as, to <i>dispel</i> a cloud, vapors, cares,
doubts, illusions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Satan] gently raised<BR>
their fainting courage, and <i>dispelled</i> their
fears.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw myself the lambent easy light<BR>
Gild the brown horror, and <i>dispel</i> the night.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pence"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dispense</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 429 !></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>despendre</i>, L. <i>dispendere</i> to weigh out, dispense;
<i>dis-</i> + <i>pendere</i> to weigh. See <u>Pension</u>,
<u>Spend</u>, and cf. <u>Dispense</u>.] <def>To spend; to lay out; to
expend.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Able to <i>dispend</i> yearly twenty pounds and
above.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dispends or expends; a steward.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (1 Cor. iv.
1).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pen"sa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>dispensabilis</i>. See <u>Dispense</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being dispensed or administered.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being dispensed with.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pen"sa*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being dispensable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pen"sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dispensaries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>dispensaire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where medicines are prepared and
dispensed; esp., a place where the poor can obtain medical advice and
medicines gratuitously or at a nominal price.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dispensatory.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pen*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>dispensation</i>, L. <i>dispensatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of dispensing or dealing out; distribution; often used
of the distribution of good and evil by God to man, or more
generically, of the acts and modes of his administration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To respect the <i>dispensations</i> of
Providence.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is dispensed, dealt out, or
appointed; that which is enjoined or bestowed</def>; especially
<i>(Theol.)</i>, <def>A system of principles, promises, and rules
ordained and administered; scheme; economy; as, the Patriarchal,
Mosaic, and Christian <i>dispensations</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither are God's methods or intentions different in
his <i>dispensations</i> to each private man.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The relaxation of a law in a particular
case; permission to do something forbidden, or to omit doing
something enjoined; specifically, in the Roman Catholic Church,
exemption from some ecclesiastical law or obligation to God which a
man has incurred of his own free will (oaths, vows, etc.).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>dispensation</i> was obtained to enable Dr.
Barrow to marry.</blockquote> <i>Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pen"sa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dispensatif</i>.] <def>Granting dispensation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pen"sa*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
dispensation.</def>  <i>Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"pen*sa`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
distributer; a dispenser.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pen"sa*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
the way of dispensation; dispensatively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pen"sa*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dispensatorius</i> relating to management. See <u>Dispense</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Granting, or authorized to grant,
dispensations.</def> "<i>Dispensatory</i> power."  <i>Bp.
Rainbow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pen"sa*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dispensatories</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A book or medicinal
formulary containing a systematic description of drugs, and of
preparations made from them. It is usually, but not always,
distinguished from a pharmacop&oelig;ia in that it issued by private
parties, and not by an official body or by government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dispensed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dispensing</u>.] [F. <i>dispenser</i>, L.
<i>dispensare</i>, intens. of <i>dispendere</i>. See <u>Dispend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deal out in portions; to distribute; to
give; as, the steward <i>dispenses</i> provisions according
directions; Nature <i>dispenses</i> her bounties; to <i>dispense</i>
medicines.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is delighted to <i>dispense</i> a share of it to
all the company.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To apply, as laws to particular cases; to
administer; to execute; to manage; to direct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While you <i>dispense</i> the laws, and guide the
state.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pay for; to atone for.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His sin was <i>dispensed</i><BR>
With gold, whereof it was compensed.</blockquote> <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To exempt; to excuse; to absolve; -- with
<i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was resolved that all members of the House who held
commissions, should be <i>dispensed</i> from parliamentary
attendance.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He appeared to think himself born to be supported by
others, and <i>dispensed</i> from all necessity of providing for
himself.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pense"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To compensate; to make up; to make amends.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One loving hour<BR>
For many years of sorrow can <i>dispense</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give dispensation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [the pope] can also <i>dispense</i> in all matters
of ecclesiastical law.</blockquote> <i>Addis &amp; Arnold (Cath. Dict.
)</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dispense with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
permit the neglect or omission of, as a form, a ceremony, an oath; to
suspend the operation of, as a law; to give up, release, or do
without, as services, attention, etc.; to forego; to part with</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To allow by dispensation; to excuse; to
exempt; to grant dispensation to or for.</cd> [Obs.] "Conniving and
<i>dispensing with</i> open and common adultery." <i>Milton.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To break or go back from, as one's word.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pense"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>dispense</i>
dispensation. See <u>Dispense</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Dispensation; exemption.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*pense"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>despense</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;pense</i>.] <def>Expense; profusion; outlay.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It was a vault built for great
<i>dispense</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pens"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, dispenses; a distributer; as, a <i>dispenser</i> of
favors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*peo"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dispeopled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dispeopling</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>people</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;peupler</i>.] <def>To deprive of
inhabitants; to depopulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leave the land <i>dispeopled</i> and
desolate.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A certain island long before <i>dispeopled</i> . . .
by sea rivers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*peo"pler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, dispeoples; a depopulator.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*perge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dispergere</i>. See <u>Disperse</u>.] <def>To sprinkle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*sper"mous</hw> (d&isl;*sp&etilde;r"m&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>dis</grk> +
<grk>spe`rma</grk> seed, fr. <grk>spei`rein</grk> to sow: cf. F.
<i>disperme</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Containing only two seeds; two-
seeded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*per"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>desparpeulier</i>.] <def>To scatter; to sprinkle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Odorous water was<BR>
<i>Disperpled</i> lightly on my head and neck.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*per"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
result of dispersing or scattering; dispersion.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*perse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dispersed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dispersing</u>.] [L. <i>dispersus</i>, p. p. of
<i>dispergere</i> to strew, scatter. See <u>Sparse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scatter abroad; to drive to different
parts; to distribute; to diffuse; to spread; as, the Jews are
<i>dispersed</i> among all nations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lips of the wise <i>disperse</i>
knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xv. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two lions, in the still, dark night,<BR>
A herd of beeves <i>disperse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To scatter, so as to cause to vanish; to
dissipate; as, to <i>disperse</i> vapors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dispersed</i> are the glories.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To scatter; dissipate; dispel; spread; diffuse;
distribute; deal out; disseminate.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*perse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To separate; to go or move into different parts; to vanish; as,
the company <i>dispersed</i> at ten o'clock; the clouds
<i>disperse</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To distribute wealth; to share one's
abundance with others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath <i>dispersed</i>, he hath given to the
poor.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxii. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*persed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scattered.</def> -- <wf>Dis*pers"ed*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Dis*pers"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Dispersed harmony</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>harmony in
which the tones composing the chord are widely separated, as by an
octave or more.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*perse"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Dispersedness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*pers"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
disperses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*per"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dispersion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
scattering or dispersing, or the state of being scattered or
separated; as, the Jews in their <i>dispersion</i> retained their
rites and ceremonies; a great <i>dispersion</i> of the human family
took place at the building of Babel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The days of your slaughter and of your
<i>dispersions</i> are accomplished.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xxv.
34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The separation of light into
its different colored rays, arising from their different
refrangibilities.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dispersion of the optic axes</b></col>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i>, <cd>the separation of the optic axes in biaxial
crystals, due to the fact that the axial angle has different values
for the different colors of the spectrum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pers"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
disperse.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dispersive power</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the relative
effect of a material in separating the different rays of light by
refraction, as when the substance is formed into a prism.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*pers"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*per"son'*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of personality or individuality.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We multiply; we <i>dispersonate</i>
ourselves.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pir"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dispirited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dispiriting</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>spirit</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of cheerful spirits; to depress
the spirits of; to dishearten; to discourage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>dispirited</i> with my
afflictions.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He has <i>dispirited</i> himself by a
debauch.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To distill or infuse the spirit of.</def>
[Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This makes a man master of his learning, and
<i>dispirits</i> the book into the scholar.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dishearten; discourage; deject; damp; depress;
cast down; intimidate; daunt; cow.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*pir"it*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Depressed in
spirits; disheartened; daunted.</def> -- <wf>Dis*pir"it*ed*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Dis*pir"it*ed</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pir"it*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Depression
of spirits; discouragement.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Procter, in evident distress and <i>dispiritment</i>,
was waiting the slow conclusion of this.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pit"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>piteous</i>.  Cf. <u>Despiteous</u>.] <def>Full of despite;
cruel; spiteful; pitiless.</def> <i>Spenser.</i> --
<wf>Dis*pit"e*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*place"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Displaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Displacing</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>place</i>:
cf. F. <i>d&eacute;placer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To change the
place of; to remove from the usual or proper place; to put out of
place; to place in another situation; as, the books in the library
are all <i>displaced</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To crowd out; to take the place
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Holland <i>displaced</i> Portugal as the mistress of
those seas.</blockquote> <i>London Times.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remove from a state, office, dignity,
or employment; to discharge; to depose; as, to <i>displace</i> an
officer of the revenue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dislodge; to drive away; to
banish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You have <i>displaced</i> the mirth.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disarrange; derange; dismiss; discard.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*place"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being displaced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*place"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;placement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
displacing, or the state of being displaced; a putting out of
place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unnecessary <i>displacement</i> of funds.</blockquote>
<i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>displacement</i> of the sun by
parallax.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quantity of anything, as water,
displaced by a floating body, as by a ship, the weight of the
displaced liquid being equal to that of the displacing
body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The process of extracting
soluble substances from organic material and the like, whereby a
quantity of saturated solvent is <i>displaced</i>, or removed, for
another quantity of the solvent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Piston displacement</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the
volume of the space swept through, or weight of steam, water, etc.,
displaced, in a given time, by the piston of a steam engine or
pump.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pla"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>displacentia</i>, for L. <i>displicentia</i>, fr.
<i>displicere</i> to displease; <i>dis-</i> + <i>placere</i> to
please. See <u>Displease</u>, and cf. <u>Displeasance</u>.] <def>Want
of complacency or gratification; envious displeasure; dislike.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pla"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One that displaces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The funnel part of the
apparatus for solution by displacement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*plant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Di&?;planted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Displanting</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>plant</i>:
cf. OF. <i>desplanter</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;planter</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remove (what is planted or fixed); to
unsettle and take away; to displace; to root out; as, to
<i>displant</i> inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I did not think a look,<BR>
Or a poor word or two, could have <i>displanted</i><BR>
Such a fixed constancy.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strip of what is planted or settled;
as, to <i>displant</i> a country of inhabitants.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`plan*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of displanting; removal; displacement.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*plat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To untwist;
to uncurl; to unplat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*play"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Displayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Displaying</u>.] [OE. <i>displaien</i>, <i>desplaien</i>, OF.
<i>despleier</i>, <i>desploier</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;ployer</i>; pref.
<i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>pleier</i>, <i>ploier</i>,
<i>plier</i>, F. <i>ployer</i>, <i>plier</i>, to fold, bend, L.
<i>plicare</i>. See <u>Ply</u>, and cf. <u>Deploy</u>, <u>Splay</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unfold; to spread wide; to expand; to
stretch out; to spread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The northern wind his wings did broad
<i>display</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To extend the front of (a
column), bringing it into line.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spread before the view; to show; to
exhibit to the sight, or to the mind; to make manifest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His statement . . . <i>displays</i> very clearly the
actual condition of the army.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make an exhibition of; to set in view
conspicuously or ostentatiously; to exhibit for the sake of
publicity; to parade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Proudly <i>displaying</i> the insignia of their
order.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To make conspicuous by
large or prominent type.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To discover; to descry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And from his seat took pleasure to <i>display</i><BR>
The city so adorned with towers.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To exhibit; show; manifest; spread out; parade;
expand; flaunt.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*play"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
display; to act as one making a show or demonstration.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*play"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An opening or unfolding; exhibition; manifestation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Having witnessed <i>displays</i> of his power and
grace.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ostentatious show; exhibition for effect;
parade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He died, as erring man should die,<BR>
Without <i>display</i>, without parade.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*played"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Unfolded; expanded; exhibited conspicuously or
ostentatiously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>With wings expanded; -- said
of a bird of pray, esp. an eagle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Set with lines of
prominent type interspersed, to catch the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*play"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, displays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To discipline;
to correct.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And bitter Penance, with an iron whip,<BR>
Was wont him once to <i>disple</i> every day.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pleas"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>desplaisance</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;plaisance</i>.  Cf.
<u>Displacency</u>.] <def>Displeasure; discontent; annoyance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pleas"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>desplaisant</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;plaisant</i>. See
<u>Displease</u>.] <def>Unpleasing; offensive; unpleasant.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Speed.</i> -- <wf>Dis*pleas"ant*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] <i>Strype.</i> --
<wf>Dis*pleas"ant*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*please"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Displeased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Displeasing</u>.] [OF. <i>desplaisir</i>, whence F.
<i>d&eacute;plaisir</i> displeasure; pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-
</i>) + <i>plaisir</i> to please. See <u>Please</u>, and cf.
<u>Displeasure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make not pleased; to
excite a feeling of disapprobation or dislike in; to be disagreeable
to; to offend; to vex; -- often followed by <i>with</i> or <i>at</i>.
It usually expresses less than to <i>anger</i>, <i>vex</i>,
<i>irritate</i>, or <i>provoke</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God was <i>displeased</i> with this
thing.</blockquote> <i>1 Chron. xxi. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wilt thou be <i>displeased</i> at us
forever?</blockquote> <i>Psalms lxxxv. 5 (Bk. of Com.
Prayer).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This virtuous plaster will <i>displease</i><BR>
Your tender sides.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Adversity is so wholesome . . . why should we be
<i>displeased</i> therewith?</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fail to satisfy; to miss of.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I shall <i>displease</i> my ends else.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To offend; disgust; vex; annoy; dissatisfy; chafe;
anger; provoke; affront.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*please"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give
displeasure or offense.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*pleas"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
displeasure.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*pleas"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Displeasure.</def> [R.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pleas"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
displeases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pleas"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
displeasure or dissatisfaction; offensive; disagreeable.</def> --
<wf>Dis*pleas"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*pleas"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pleas"ure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>pleasure</i>: cf. OF. <i>desplaisir</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;plaisir</i>.  Cf. <u>Displease</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The feeling of one who is displeased; irritation or uneasiness
of the mind, occasioned by anything that counteracts desire or
command, or which opposes justice or a sense of propriety;
disapprobation; dislike; dissatisfaction; disfavor;
indignation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Lord, rebuke me not in thine anger, neither chasten
me in thy hot <i>displeasure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. vi. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Undoubtedly he will relent, and turn<BR>
From his <i>displeasure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which displeases; cause of irritation
or annoyance; offense; injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hast thou delight to see a wretched man<BR>
Do outrage and <i>displeasure</i> to himself?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 430 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>State of disgrace or disfavor;
disfavor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He went into Poland, being in <i>displeasure</i> with
the pope for overmuch familiarity.</blockquote> <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dissatisfaction; disapprobation; disfavor;
distaste; dislike; anger; hate; aversion; indignation; offense.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*pleas"ure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
displease.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*plen"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
or strip, as a house of furniture, or a barn of stock.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Dis"pli*cence</hw> (?), <hw>Dis"pli*cen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>displicentia</i>. See
<u>Displacency</u>.] <def>Dislike; dissatisfaction; discontent.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*plode"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disploded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disploding</u>.] [L. <i>displodere</i>, <i>displosum</i>; <i>dis-
</i> + <i>plodere</i>, <i>plaudere</i>, to clap, strike, beat.]
<def>To discharge; to explode.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In posture to <i>displode</i> their second tire<BR>
Of thunder.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*plode"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To burst with a
loud report; to explode.</def> "<i>Disploding</i> engines."
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*plo"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Explosion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vast <i>displosion</i> dissipates the
clouds.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*plo"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Explosive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*plume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Displumed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Displuming</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>plume</i>:
cf. OF. <i>desplumer</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;plumer</i>.] <def>To strip
of, or as of, a plume, or plumes; to deprive of decoration; to
dishonor; to degrade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Displumed</i>, degraded, and
metamorphosed.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"po*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>One of several isomeric organic bases of the quinoline series of
alkaloids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pond"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Despond</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*spon"dee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dispondeus</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice +
&?; spondee.] <i>(Gr. &?; Lat. Pros.)</i> <def>A double spondee; a
foot consisting of four long syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disponere</i>. See <u>Disposition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>To dispose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dispose of.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>To make over, or
convey, legally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has <i>disponed</i> . . . the whole
estate.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`po*nee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots Law)</i>
<def>The person to whom any property is legally conveyed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pon"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots Law)</i>
<def>One who legally transfers property from himself to
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ponge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>sponge</i>.] <def>To sprinkle, as with water from a
sponge.</def> [Poetic &amp; Rare] [Written also <i>dispunge</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O sovereign mistress of true melancholy,<BR>
The poisonous damp of night <i>disponge</i> upon me</blockquote>.
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pope"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To refuse to
consider as pope; to depose from the popedom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One whom they <i>disposed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*spor"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
<i>sporous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having two spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>desport</i>,
<i>deport</i>. See <u>Disport</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Sport</u>.] <def>Play; sport; pastime; diversion;
playfulness.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*port"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disported</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disporting</u>.] [OF. <i>se desporter</i>; pref. <i>des-</i> (L.
<i>dis-</i>) + F. <i>porter</i> to carry; orig. therefore, to carry
one's self away from work, to go to amuse one's self. See <u>Port</u>
demeanor, and cf. <u>Sport</u>.] <def>To play; to wanton; to move in
gayety; to move lightly and without restraint; to amuse one's
self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where light <i>disports</i> in ever mingling
dyes.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Childe Harold basked him in the noontide sun,<BR>
<i>Disporting</i> there like any other fly.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*port"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>desporter</i>.
See <u>Disport</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To divert or amuse; to make merry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They could <i>disport</i> themselves.</blockquote>
<i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove from a port; to carry
away.</def>  <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*port"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
disporting; diversion; play.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Dispose</u>.] <def>Subject to disposal; free to be used or
employed as occasion may require; not assigned to any service or
use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great of this kingdom . . . has easily afforded a
<i>disposable</i> surplus.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pos"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Dispose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of disposing, or
disposing of, anything; arrangement; orderly distribution; a putting
in order; as, the <i>disposal</i> of the troops in two
lines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ordering; regulation; adjustment;
management; government; direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The execution leave to high
<i>disposal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Regulation of the fate, condition,
application, etc., of anything; the transference of anything into new
hands, a new place, condition, etc.; alienation, or parting; as, a
<i>disposal</i> of property.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A domestic affair of great importance, which is no
less than the <i>disposal</i> of my sister Jenny for
life.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Power or authority to dispose of,
determine the condition of, control, etc., especially in the phrase
<i>at</i>, or <i>in</i>, the <i>disposal</i> of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sole and absolute <i>disposal</i> of him an his
concerns.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disposition; dispensation; management; conduct;
government; distribution; arrangement; regulation; control.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disposing</u>.] [F. <i>disposer</i>; pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>poser</i> to place. See <u>Pose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
distribute and put in place; to arrange; to set in order; as, to
<i>dispose</i> the ships in the form of a crescent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who hath <i>disposed</i> the whole world?</blockquote>
<i>Job xxxiv. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All ranged in order and <i>disposed</i> with
grace.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rest themselves in troops did else
<i>dispose</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To regulate; to adjust; to settle; to
determine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The knightly forms of combat to
<i>dispose</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deal out; to assign to a use; to bestow
for an object or purpose; to apply; to employ; to dispose
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Importuned him that what he designed to bestow on her
funeral, he would rather <i>dispose</i> among the poor.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give a tendency or inclination to; to
adapt; to cause to turn; especially, to incline the mind of; to give
a bent or propension to; to incline; to make inclined; -- usually
followed by <i>to</i>, sometimes by <i>for</i> before the indirect
object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Endure and conquer; Jove will soon <i>dispose</i><BR>
To future good our past and present woes.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Suspicions <i>dispose</i> kings to tyranny, husbands
to jealousy, and wise men to irresolution and
melancholy.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dispose of</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
determine the fate of; to exercise the power of control over; to fix
the condition, application, employment, etc. of; to direct or assign
for a use.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Freedom to order their actions and <i>dispose of</i>
their possessions and persons.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To exercise finally one's power of
control over; to pass over into the control of some one else, as by
selling; to alienate; to part with; to relinquish; to get rid of; as,
to <i>dispose of</i> a house; to <i>dispose of</i> one's
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More water . . . than can be <i>disposed
of</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>disposed of</i> her to a man of
business.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A rural judge <i>disposed of</i> beauty's
prize.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To set; arrange; order; distribute; adjust;
regulate; adapt; fit; incline; bestow; give.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bargain;
to make terms.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She had <i>disposed</i> with C&aelig;sar.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Disposal; ordering; management; power or right of control.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But such is the <i>dispose</i> of the sole Disposer of
empires.</blockquote> <i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cast of mind; disposition; inclination;
behavior; demeanor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He hath a person, and a smooth <i>dispose</i><BR>
To be suspected.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*posed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined; minded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he was <i>disposed</i> to pass into
Achaia.</blockquote> <i>Acts xviii. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to mirth; jolly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Well disposed</b></col>, <cd>in good condition; in good
health.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pos"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being disposed or inclined; inclination; propensity.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*pose"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disposal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, disposes; a regulator; a director; a bestower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Absolute lord and <i>disposer</i> of all
things.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pos"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner
to dispose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pos"it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Disposition</u>.] <def>Disposed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>disposition</i>, <i>dispositio</i>, fr. <i>disponere</i> to
dispose; <i>dis-</i> + <i>ponere</i> to place. See <u>Position</u>,
and cf. <u>Dispone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
disposing, arranging, ordering, regulating, or transferring;
application; disposal; as, the <i>disposition</i> of a man's property
by will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who have received the law by the <i>disposition</i> of
angels.</blockquote> <i>Acts vii. 53.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>disposition</i> of the work, to put all things
in a beautiful order and harmony, that the whole may be of a
piece.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or the manner of being disposed
or arranged; distribution; arrangement; order; as, the
<i>disposition</i> of the trees in an orchard; the <i>disposition</i>
of the several parts of an edifice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tendency to any action or state resulting
from natural constitution; nature; quality; as, a <i>disposition</i>
in plants to grow in a direction upward; a <i>disposition</i> in
bodies to putrefaction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Conscious inclination; propension or
propensity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How stands your <i>disposition</i> to be
married?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Natural or prevailing spirit, or
temperament of mind, especially as shown in intercourse with one's
fellow-men; temper of mind.</def> "A man of turbulent
<i>disposition</i>." <i>Hallam.</i> "He is of a very melancholy
<i>disposition</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>disposition</i> led him to do things agreeable
to his quality and condition wherein God had placed him.</blockquote>
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Mood; humor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As I perchance hereafter shall think meet<BR>
To put an antic <i>disposition</i> on.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disposal; adjustment; regulation; arrangement;
distribution; order; method; adaptation; inclination; propensity;
bestowment; alienation; character; temper; mood. --
<u>Disposition</u>, <u>Character</u>, <u>Temper</u>.
<i>Disposition</i> is the natural humor of a person, the
predominating quality of his character, the constitutional habit of
his mind. <i>Character</i> is this disposition influenced by motive,
training, and will. <i>Temper</i> is a quality of the fiber of
character, and is displayed chiefly when the emotions, especially the
passions, are aroused.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`po*si"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to disposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`po*si"tioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
(such) a disposition; -- used in compounds; as, well-
<i>dispositioned</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pos"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dispositif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disposing; tending to
regulate; decretive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>dispositive</i> wisdom and power.</blockquote>
<i>Bates.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to disposition or natural,
tendency.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Dispositive</i> holiness."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pos"i*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dispositive manner; by natural or moral disposition.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Do <i>dispositively</i> what Moses is recorded to have
done literally, . . . break all the ten commandments at
once.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pos"it*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Disposition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A disposer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The planet which is lord
of the sign where another planet is.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pos*sess"</hw> (?; see <u>Possess</u>), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dispossessed</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dispossessing</u>.] [Pref.
<i>dis-</i> + <i>possess</i>: cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;poss&eacute;der</i>.] <def>To put out of possession; to
deprive of the actual occupancy of, particularly of land or real
estate; to disseize; to eject; -- usually followed by <i>of</i>
before the thing taken away; as, to <i>dispossess</i> a king of his
crown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Usurp the land, and <i>dispossess</i> the
swain.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pos*ses"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>d&eacute;possession</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
putting out of possession; the state of being dispossessed.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The putting out of
possession, wrongfully or otherwise, of one who is in possession of a
freehold, no matter in what title; -- called also
<i>ouster</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pos*sess"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dispossesses.</def>  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*post"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To eject from
a post; to displace.</def> [R.]  <i>Davies (Holy Roode).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*po"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Dispose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of disposing; power
to dispose of; disposal; direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give up<BR>
My estate to his <i>disposure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposition; arrangement; position;
posture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In a kind of warlike <i>disposure</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*prais"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Blamable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*praise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dispraised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dispraising</u>.] [OE. <i>dispreisen</i>, OF.
<i>desprisier</i>, <i>despreisier</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;priser</i>;
pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>prisier</i>, F.
<i>priser</i>, to prize, praise. See <u>Praise</u>, and cf.
<u>Disprize</u>, <u>Depreciate</u>.] <def>To withdraw praise from; to
notice with disapprobation or some degree of censure; to disparage;
to blame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dispraising</i> the power of his
adversaries.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>dispraised</i> him before the wicked, that the
wicked might not fall in love with him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*praise"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>despris</i>. See <u>Dispraise</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>The act of dispraising; detraction; blame censure; reproach;
disparagement.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In praise and in <i>dispraise</i> the
same.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*prais"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
blames or dispraises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*praising*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
dispraise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pread"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>spread</i>.] <def>To spread abroad, or different ways; to
spread apart; to open; as, the sun <i>dispreads</i> his beams.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pread"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To extend or
expand itself.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>While tyrant Heat, <i>dispreading</i> through the
sky.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pread"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spreads abroad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dispreaders</i> both of vice and
error.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*prej"u*dice</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free
from prejudice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pre*pare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
unprepared.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*prince"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
unlike a prince.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For I was drench'd with ooze, and torn with briers, .
. . <BR>
And, all one rag, <i>disprinced</i> from head to heel.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pris"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To let
loose from prison, to set at liberty.</def> [R.]  <i>Bulwer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*priv"i*lege</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of a privilege or privileges.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*prize"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Dispraise</u>.] <def>To depreciate.</def> [R.]  <i>Cotton (Ode to
Lydia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pro*fess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
renounce the profession or pursuit of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His arms, which he had vowed to
<i>disprofess</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*prof"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Loss;
damage.</def>  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*prof"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To be, or
to cause to be, without profit or benefit.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]
<i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*prof"it*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unprofitable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*proof"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>proof</i>.  Cf. <u>Disprove</u>.] <def>A proving to be false or
erroneous; confutation; refutation; as, to offer evidence in
<i>disproof</i> of a statement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I need not offer anything farther in support of one,
or in <i>disproof</i> of the other.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*prop"er*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause
to be no longer property; to dispossess of.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pro*por"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>proportion</i>: cf. F. <i>disproportion</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of proportion in form or quantity; lack
of symmetry; as, the arm may be in <i>disproportion</i> to the body;
the <i>disproportion</i> of the length of a building to its
height.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of suitableness, adequacy, or due
proportion to an end or use; unsuitableness; disparity; as, the
<i>disproportion</i> of strength or means to an object.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pro*por"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disproportioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disproportioning</u>.] <def>To make unsuitable in
quantity, form, or fitness to an end; to violate symmetry in; to
mismatch; to join unfitly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To shape my legs of an unequal size;<BR>
To <i>disproportion</i> me in every part.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A degree of strength altogether <i>disproportioned</i>
to the extent of its territory.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pro*por"tion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Disproportional; unsuitable in form, size, quantity, or
adaptation; disproportionate; inadequate.</def> --
<wf>Dis`pro*por"tion*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>Hammond.</i> -- <wf>Dis`pro*por"tion*a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pro*por"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
having due proportion to something else; not having proportion or
symmetry of parts; unsuitable in form, quantity or value; inadequate;
unequal; as, a <i>disproportional</i> limb constitutes deformity in
the body; the studies of youth should not be <i>disproportional</i>
to their understanding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pro*por`tion*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being disproportional.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pro*por"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
disproportional manner; unsuitably in form, quantity, or value;
unequally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pro*por"tion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
proportioned; unsymmetrical; unsuitable to something else in bulk,
form, value, or extent; out of proportion; inadequate; as, in a
perfect body none of the limbs are <i>disproportionate</i>; it is
wisdom not to undertake a work <i>disproportionate</i> means.</def> -
- <wf>Dis`pro*por"tion*ate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis`pro*por"tion*ate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pro"pri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>propriare</i> to appropriate, fr. <i>proprius</i> one's
own, proper.] <def>To cancel the appropriation of; to
disappropriate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*prov"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being disproved or refuted.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*prov"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
disproving; disproof.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 431 !></p>

<p><hw>Dis*prove"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disproved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disproving</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>prove</i>:
cf. OF. <i>desprover</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prove to be
false or erroneous; to confute; to refute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That false supposition I advanced in order to
<i>disprove</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disallow; to disapprove of.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Stirling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*prov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disproves or confutes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pro*vide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Not to
provide; to fail to provide.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*punct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting in
punctilious respect; discourteous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That were <i>dispunct</i> to the ladies.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*punct"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Dispunge</u>.] <def>To expunge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*punge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dispungere</i> to prick apart, <i>i. e.</i>, check off the debts
and credits of an account; <i>dis-</i> + <i>pungere</i> to prick.]
<def>To expunge; to erase.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*punge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Disponge</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*pun"ish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
penal restraint; not punishable.</def> [R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pur"pose</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
dissuade; to frustrate; as, to <i>dispurpose</i> plots.</def> [R.]
<i>A. Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*purse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disburse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pur*vey"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>purvey</i>: cf. OF. <i>desporveoir</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;pourvoir</i>.] <def>To disfurnish; to strip.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pur*vey"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
provisions; &?;ack of food.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pu*ta*ble</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disputabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>disputable</i>. See <u>Dispute</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being
disputed; liable to be called in question, controverted, or
contested; or doubtful certainty or propriety; controvertible; as,
<i>disputable</i> opinions, propositions, points, or
questions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Actions, every one of which is very
<i>disputable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disputatious; contentious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pu*ta*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being disputable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pu*tac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dispute</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Proneness to
dispute.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"pu*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disputants</i>, p. pr. of <i>disputare</i>: cf. F.
<i>disputant</i>. See <u>Dispute</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>Disputing; engaged in controversy.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"pu*tant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who disputes;
one who argues in opposition to another; one appointed to dispute; a
controvertist; a reasoner in opposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A singularly eager, acute, and pertinacious
<i>disputant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>desputeson</i>, <i>disputacion</i>, OF. <i>desputeison</i>, F.
<i>disputation</i>, fr. L. <i>disputatio</i>. See <u>Dispute</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
disputing; a reasoning or argumentation in opposition to something,
or on opposite sides; controversy in words; verbal contest respecting
the truth of some fact, opinion, proposition, or argument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rhetorical exercise in which parties
reason in opposition to each other on some question
proposed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`pu*ta"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined
to dispute; apt to civil or controvert; characterized by dispute; as,
a <i>disputatious</i> person or temper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Christian doctrine of a future life was no
recommendation of the new religion to the wits and philosophers of
that <i>disputations</i> period.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis`pu*ta"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis`pu*ta"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*put"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disputativus</i>.] <def>Disposed to dispute; inclined to cavil or
to reason in opposition; as, a <i>disputative</i> temper.</def>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disputed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disputing</u>.] [OE. <i>desputen</i>, <i>disputen</i>, OF.
<i>desputer</i>, <i>disputer</i>, F. <i>disputer</i>, from L.
<i>disputare</i>, <i>disputatum</i>; <i>dis-</i> + <i>putare</i> to
clean; hence, fig., to clear up, set in order, reckon, think. See
<u>Putative</u>, <u>Pure</u>.] <def>To contend in argument; to argue
against something maintained, upheld, or claimed, by another; to
discuss; to reason; to debate; to altercate; to wrangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore <i>disputed</i> [reasoned, <i>Rev. Ver.</i>]
he in synagogue with the Jews.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pute"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a subject of disputation; to argue pro and con; to
discuss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rest I reserve it be <i>disputed</i> how the
magistrate is to do herein.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To oppose by argument or assertion; to
attempt to overthrow; to controvert; to express dissent or opposition
to; to call in question; to deny the truth or validity of; as, to
<i>dispute</i> assertions or arguments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To seize goods under the <i>disputed</i> authority of
writs of assistance.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strive or contend about; to
contest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>dispute</i> the possession of the ground with
the Spaniards.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To struggle against; to resist.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dispute</i> it [grief] like a man.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To controvert; contest; gainsay; doubt; question;
argue; debate; discuss; impugn. See <u>Argue</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*pute"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>dispute</i>.
See <u>Dispute</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Verbal controversy; contest by opposing argument or expression
of opposing views or claims; controversial discussion; altercation;
debate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Addicted more<BR>
To contemplation and profound <i>dispute</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contest; struggle; quarrel.</def>  <i>De
Foe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Beyond dispute</b></col>, <col><b>Without
dispute</b></col>, <cd>indisputably; incontrovertibly.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Altercation; controversy; argumentation; debate;
discussion; quarrel; disagreement; difference; contention; wrangling.
See <u>Altercation</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*pute"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting no
dispute; incontrovertible.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*put"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disputes, or who is given to disputes; a controvertist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where is the <i>disputer</i> of this
world?</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. i. 20.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*pu"ti*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Disputation</u>.] <def>Dispute; discussion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*qual`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of disqualifying, or state of being
disqualified; want of qualification; incompetency; disability; as,
the <i>disqualification</i> of men for holding certain
offices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which disqualifies; that which
incapacitates or makes unfit; as, conviction of crime is a
<i>disqualification</i> of a person for office; sickness is a
<i>disqualification</i> for labor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must still retain the consciousness of those
<i>disqualifications</i> which you have been pleased to
overlook.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Shore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*qual"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disqualified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disqualifying</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
deprive of the qualities or properties necessary for any purpose; to
render unfit; to incapacitate; -- with <i>for</i> or <i>from</i>
before the purpose, state, or act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My common illness <i>disqualifies</i> me for all
conversation; I mean my deafness.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Me are not <i>disqualified</i> by their engagements in
trade from being received in high society.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of some power, right, or
privilege, by positive restriction; to disable; to debar legally; as,
a conviction of perjury <i>disqualifies</i> a man to be a
witness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*quan"ti*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
diminish the quantity of; to lessen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*qui"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deprived of
quiet; impatient; restless; uneasy.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*qui"et</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of quiet; want
of tranquility in body or mind; uneasiness; restlessness;
disturbance; anxiety.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*qui"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disquieted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disquieting</u>.] <def>To render unquiet; to deprive of peace,
rest, or tranquility; to make uneasy or restless; to
disturb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why art thou cast down, O my soul, and why art thou
<i>disquieted</i> within me?</blockquote> <i>Ps. xlii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As quiet as these <i>disquieted</i> times will
permit.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To harass; disturb; vex; fret; excite; agitate.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*qui"et*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
disquieting; a state of disquiet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[It] roars and strives 'gainst its
<i>disquietal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*qui"et*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, disquiets, or makes uneasy; a disturber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*qui"et*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing
inquietude or uneasiness.</def> [R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*qui"et*ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
disquiet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*qui"et*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a disquiet
manner; uneasily; as, he rested <i>disquietly</i> that night.</def>
[R.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*qui"et*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being disquieted; uneasiness; harassment.</def> [R.]
<i>Hopkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*qui"et*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disturbance of
quiet in body or mind; restlessness; uneasiness.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*qui"et*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
uneasiness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So distasteful and <i>disquietous</i> to a number of
men.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*qui"et*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
peace or tranquility; uneasiness; disturbance; agitation;
anxiety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fears and <i>disquietude</i>, and unavoidable
anxieties of mind.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`qui*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disquisitio</i>, fr. <i>disquirere</i> to inquire diligently,
investigate; <i>dis-</i> + <i>quaerere</i> to seek. See
<u>Quest</u>.] <def>A formal or systematic inquiry into, or
discussion of, any subject; a full examination or investigation of a
matter, with the arguments and facts bearing upon it; elaborate
essay; dissertation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For accurate research or grave <i>disquisition</i> he
was not well qualified.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`qui*si"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to disquisition; of the nature of
disquisition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`qui*si"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to disquisition; disquisitional.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*quis"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to disquisition; fond of discussion or investigation; examining;
inquisitive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*quis`i*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Disquisitory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*quis"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to disquisition; disquisitive.</def>  <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*range"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>range</i>: cf. OF. <i>desrengier</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;rangier</i>. See <u>Derange</u>, <u>Disrank</u>.] <def>To
disarrange.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rank"</hw> (?; see <u>Dis-</u>), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Cf. <u>Derange</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To degrade from
rank.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw out of rank or into
confusion.</def>  <i>Decker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reduce to
a lower rating or rank; to degrade.</def>  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ray"</hw> (?), <pos><i>variant</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Disarray</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*re"al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To divest
of reality; to make uncertain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*gard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disregarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disregarding</u>.] <def>Not to regard; to pay no heed to; to omit
to take notice of; to neglect to observe; to slight as unworthy of
regard or notice; as, to <i>disregard</i> the admonitions of
conscience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Studious of good, man <i>disregarded</i>
fame.</blockquote> <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*gard"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
disregarding, or the state of being disregarded; intentional neglect;
omission of notice; want of attention; slight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>disregard</i> of experience.</blockquote>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*gard"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disregards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*gard"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Neglect;
negligent; heedless; regardless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*gard"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Negligently; heedlessly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rel"ish</hw> (?; see <u>Dis-</u>), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of relish; dislike (of the palate or of
the mind); distaste; a slight degree of disgust; as, a
<i>disrelish</i> for some kinds of food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men love to hear of their power, but have an extreme
<i>disrelish</i> to be told of their duty.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Absence of relishing or palatable quality;
bad taste; nauseousness.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rel"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disrelished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disrelishing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not to
relish; to regard as unpalatable or offensive; to feel a degree of
disgust at.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of relish; to make nauseous or
disgusting in a slight degree.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*mem"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fail
to remember; to forget.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*pair"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
being in bad condition, and wanting repair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fortifications were ancient and in
<i>disrepair</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rep`u*ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being disreputable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*rep"u*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
reputable; of bad repute; not in esteem; dishonorable; disgracing the
reputation; tending to bring into disesteem; as, it is
<i>disreputable</i> to associate familiarly with the mean, the lewd,
and the profane.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should you think that conduct <i>disreputable</i>
in priests which you probably consider as laudable in
yourself?</blockquote> <i>Bp. Watson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dishonorable; discreditable; low; mean;
disgraceful; shameful.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*rep"u*ta*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
disreputable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rep`u*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Loss or
want of reputation or good name; dishonor; disrepute;
disesteem.</def> "A <i>disreputation</i> of piety."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*pute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Loss or want
of reputation; ill character; disesteem; discredit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the beginning of the eighteenth century astrology
fell into general <i>disrepute</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disesteem; discredit; dishonor; disgrace.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*pute"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bring into
disreputation; to hold in dishonor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>More inclined to love them than to <i>disrepute</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*spect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
respect or reverence; disesteem; incivility; discourtesy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Impatience of bearing the least affront or
<i>disrespect</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*spect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To show
disrespect to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have <i>disrespected</i> and slighted
God.</blockquote> <i>Comber.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*spect`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Want of respectability.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*spect"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
respectable; disreputable.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*spect"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disrespects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*spect"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting
in respect; manifesting disesteem or lack of respect; uncivil; as,
<i>disrespectful</i> behavior.</def> -- <wf>Dis`re*spect"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Dis`re*spect"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis`re*spect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showing
want of respect; disrespectful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rev"er*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
treat irreverently or with disrespect.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*robe"</hw> (?; see <u>Dis-</u>), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disrobed</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disrobing</u>.] <def>To divest
of a robe; to undress; figuratively, to strip of covering; to divest
of that which clothes or decorates; as, autumn <i>disrobes</i> the
fields of verdure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two great peers were <i>disrobed</i> of their
glory.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rob"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, disrobes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*roof"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
unroof.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*root"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disrooted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disrooting</u>.] <def>To tear up the roots of, or by the roots;
hence, to tear from a foundation; to uproot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A piece of ground <i>disrooted</i> from its situation
by subterraneous inundations.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rout"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>desrouter</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;router</i>.] <def>To put to
rout.</def>  <i>Taylor (1630).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rud"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of the rudder, as a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ru"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
disorderly manner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ru"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unruly;
disorderly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*rupt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>disruptus</i>,
<i>diruptus</i>, p. p. of <i>disrumpere</i>, to break or burst
asunder; <i>dis-</i> + <i>rumpere</i> to break, burst. See
<u>Rupture</u>.] <def>Rent off; torn asunder; severed;
disrupted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rupt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disrupted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disrupting</u>.] <def>To break asunder; to rend.</def>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rup"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disruptio</i>, <i>diruptio</i>.] <def>The act or rending asunder,
or the state of being rent asunder or broken in pieces; breach; rent;
dilaceration; rupture; as, the <i>disruption</i> of rocks in an
earthquake; <i>disruption</i> of a state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rupt"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing, or
tending to cause, disruption; caused by disruption; breaking through;
bursting; as, the <i>disruptive</i> discharge of an electrical
battery.</def>  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*rup"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disruption.</def> [R.]  <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sat`is*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being dissatisfied, unsatisfied, or discontented; uneasiness
proceeding from the want of gratification, or from disappointed
wishes and expectations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ambitious man has little happiness, but is subject
to much uneasiness and <i>dissatisfaction</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Discontent; discontentment; displeasure;
disapprobation; distaste; dislike.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*sat`is*fac"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Causing dissatisfaction; unable to give content; unsatisfactory;
displeasing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To have reduced the different qualifications in the
different States to one uniform rule, would probably have been as
<i>dissatisfactory</i> to some of the States, as difficult for the
Convention.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*sat`is*fac"to*ri*ness</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sat"is*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dissatisfied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dissatisfying</u>.] <def>To render unsatisfied or
discontented; to excite uneasiness in by frustrating wishes or
expectations; to displease by the want of something requisite; as, to
be <i>dissatisfied</i> with one's fortune.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dissatisfied</i> factions of the
autocracy.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*seat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
unseat.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dissected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dissecting</u>.] [L. <i>dissectus</i>, p. p. of <i>dissecare</i>;
<i>dis-</i> + <i>secare</i> to cut. See <u>Section</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>To divide into separate parts;
to cut in pieces; to separate and expose the parts of, as an animal
or a plant, for examination and to show their structure and
relations; to anatomize.</def></p>

<p><! p. 432 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To analyze, for the purposes of science or
criticism; to divide and examine minutely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This paragraph . . . I have <i>dissected</i> for a
sample.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sect"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cut into several parts; divided into sections; as, a
<i>dissected</i> map.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Cut deeply into many lobes
or divisions; as, a <i>dissected</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sect"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being dissected, or separated by dissection.</def>  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sect"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Dividing or separating the parts of an animal or vegetable body;
as, a <i>dissecting</i> aneurism, one which makes its way between or
within the coats of an artery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, or received during, a
dissection; as, a <i>dissecting</i> wound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Used for or in dissecting; as, a
<i>dissecting</i> knife; a <i>dissecting</i> microscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dissection</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of dissecting an
animal or plant; as, <i>dissection</i> of the human body was held
sacrilege till the time of Francis I.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The act of separating or dividing
for the purpose of critical examination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything dissected; especially, some part,
or the whole, of an animal or plant dissected so as to exhibit the
structure; an anatomical so prepared.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dissection wound</b></col>, <cd>a poisoned wound incurred
during the dissection of a dead body.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dissecteur</i>.] <def>One who dissects; an anatomist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*seize"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disseized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disseizing</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>seize</i>:
cf. F. <i>dessaisir</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To deprive of seizin or
possession; to dispossess or oust wrongfully (one in freehold
possession of land); -- followed by <i>of</i>; as, to <i>disseize</i>
a tenant of his freehold.</def> [Written also <i>disseise</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which savage beasts strive as eagerly to keep and hold
those golden mines, as the Arimaspians to <i>disseize</i> them
thereof.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`sei*zee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A person disseized, or put out of possession of an estate
unlawfully; -- correlative to <i>disseizor</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>disseisee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*sei"zin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>dessaisine</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of disseizing; an
unlawful dispossessing and ouster of a person actually seized of the
freehold.</def> [Written also <i>disseisin</i>.]
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sei"zor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who wrongfully disseizes, or puts another out of possession
of a freehold.</def> [Written also <i>disseisor</i>.]
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sei"zor*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
woman disseizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sei"zure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disseizin.</def>  <i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sem"blance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dissemblance</i>. See <u>Dissemble</u>.] <def>Want of resemblance;
dissimilitude.</def> [R.]  <i>Osborne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sem"blance</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dissemble</i> +
<i>-ance</i>.] <def>The act or art of dissembling;
dissimulation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*sem"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dissembled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dissembling</u> (?).] [OF. <i>dissembler</i> to be dissimilar;
pref. <i>dis-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + F. <i>sembler</i> to seem, L.
<i>simulare</i> to simulate; cf. L. <i>dissimulare</i> to dissemble.
See <u>Simulate</u>, and cf. <u>Dissimulate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To hide under a false semblance or seeming; to feign (something)
not to be what it really is; to put an untrue appearance upon; to
disguise; to mask.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dissemble</i> all your griefs and
discontents.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps it was right to <i>dissemble</i> your
love,<BR>
But -- why did you kick me down stairs?</blockquote> <i>J. P.
Kemble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put on the semblance of; to make
pretense of; to simulate; to feign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He soon <i>dissembled</i> a sleep.</blockquote>
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conceal; disguise; cloak; cover; equivocate. See
<u>Conceal</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*sem"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To conceal the
real fact, motives, intention, or sentiments, under some pretense; to
assume a false appearance; to act the hypocrite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that hateth <i>dissembleth</i> with his
lips.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxvi. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He [an enemy] <i>dissembles</i> when he assumes an air
of friendship.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sem"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dissembles; one who conceals his opinions or dispositions under a
false appearance; a hypocrite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the weakest sort of politicians that are the
greatest <i>dissemblers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Priests, princes, women, no <i>dissemblers</i>
here.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Dissembler</u>, <u>Hypocrite</u>.  A person is
called a <i>dissembler</i> with reference to his concealment of his
real character, and a <i>hypocrite</i> with reference to his
assumption of a false character. But <i>hypocrite</i> is the stronger
word, being commonly used to characterize a person who is habitually
insincere and false, especially one who makes professions of goodness
when his aims are selfish and his life corrupt.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*sem"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
dissembles; hypocritical; false.</def> -- <wf>Dis*sem"bling*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disseminated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disseminating</u>.] [L. <i>disseminatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>disseminare</i> to disseminate; <i>dis-</i> +
<i>seminare</i> to sow, <i>semen</i> seed. See <u>Seminary</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sow broadcast or as seed; to scatter for
growth and propagation, like seed; to spread abroad; to diffuse; as,
principles, ideas, opinions, and errors are <i>disseminated</i> when
they are spread abroad for propagation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spread or extend by
dispersion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A nearly uniform and constant fire or heat
<i>disseminated</i> throughout the body of the earth.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To spread; diffuse; propagate; circulate; disperse;
scatter.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*sem"i*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Occurring in small portions scattered through some
other substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sem`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disseminatio</i>: cf. F. <i>diss&eacute;mination</i>.] <def>The
act of disseminating, or the state of being disseminated; diffusion
for propagation and permanence; a scattering or spreading abroad, as
of ideas, beliefs, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The universal <i>dissemination</i> of those
writings.</blockquote> <i>Wayland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sem"i*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to disseminate, or to become disseminated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The effect of heresy is, like the plague, infectious
and <i>disseminative</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sem"i*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who, or that which, disseminates, spreads, or propagates; as,
<i>disseminators</i> of disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissensio</i>: cf. F. <i>dissension</i>. See <u>Dissent</u>.]
<def>Disagreement in opinion, usually of a violent character,
producing warm debates or angry words; contention in words; partisan
and contentious divisions; breach of friendship and union; strife;
discord; quarrel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Paul and Barnabas had no small <i>dissension</i> and
disputation with them.</blockquote> <i>Acts xv. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Debates, <i>dissension</i>, uproars are thy
joy.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A seditious person and raiser-up of <i>dissension</i>
among the people.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sen"sious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to
discord; contentious; dissentious.</def> [R.] <i>Ascham.</i> --
<wf>Dis*sen"sious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dissented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dissenting</u>.] [L. <i>dissentire</i>, <i>dissentum</i>; <i>dis-
</i> + <i>sentire</i> to feel, think. See <u>Sense</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To differ in opinion; to be of unlike or
contrary sentiment; to disagree; -- followed by
<i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bill passed . . . without a <i>dissenting</i>
voice.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Opinions in which multitudes of men <i>dissent</i>
from us.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To differ from an
established church in regard to doctrines, rites, or
government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To differ; to be of a contrary
nature.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sent"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of dissenting; difference of opinion; refusal to adopt
something proposed; nonagreement, nonconcurrence, or
disagreement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dissent</i> of no small number [of peers] is
frequently recorded.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Separation from an
established church, especially that of England;
nonconformity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the dissidence of <i>dissent</i> and the
protestantism of the Protestant religion.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Contrariety of nature; diversity in
quality.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dissent</i> of the metals.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disagreement; variance; difference; nonconcurrence;
nonconformity.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`sen*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissentaneus</i>.] <def>Disagreeing; contrary; differing; --
opposed to <i>consentaneous</i>.</def> [R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"sen*ta*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Dissentaneous; inconsistent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`sen*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Dissension.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sent"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who dissents; one who differs in opinion, or declares his
disagreement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One who separates from the
service and worship of an established church; especially, one who
disputes the authority or tenets of the Church of England; a
nonconformist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dissenters</i> from the establishment of their
several countries.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Robert Brown is said to have the first formal
<i>dissenter</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "The word is commonly applied only to Protestants. The
Roman Catholics are generally referred to as a distinct class."
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sent"er*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The spirit
or principles of dissenters.</def>  <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sen"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw
into a state of dissent.</def> [R.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sen"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissentiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>dissentire</i>. See <u>Dissent</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Disagreeing; declaring dissent;
dissenting.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dissents.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sen"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked by
dissensions; apt to breed discord; quarrelsome; contentious;
factious.</def> -- <wf>Dis*sen"tious*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sent"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disagreeing;
inconsistent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sep"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissaepimentum</i>, fr. <i>dissaepire</i>; <i>dis-</i> +
<i>saepire</i> to hedge in, inclose.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
separating tissue; a partition; a septum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the partitions which
divide a compound ovary into cells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the transverse,
calcareous partitions between the radiating septa of a
coral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissertus</i>, p. p. of <i>disserere</i>; <i>dis-</i> +
<i>serere</i> to join, connect: cf. F. <i>disserter</i>. See
<u>Series</u>.] <def>To discourse or dispute; to discuss.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We have <i>disserted</i> upon it a little longer than
was necessary.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"ser*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissertatus</i>, p. p. of <i>dissertare</i> to discuss, intents,
fr. <i>disserere</i>. See <u>Dissert</u>.] <def>To deal in
dissertation; to write dissertations; to discourse.</def> [R.]  <i>J.
Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ser*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissertatio</i>: cf. F. <i>dissertation</i>.] <def>A formal or
elaborate argumentative discourse, oral or written; a disquisition;
an essay; a discussion; as, <i>Dissertations</i> on the
Prophecies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ser*ta"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to dissertations; resembling a dissertation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ser*ta"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer
of dissertations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"ser*ta`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>dissertateur</i>.] <def>One who writers a dissertation; one who
discourses.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sert"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Disertly</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*serve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Di&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Disserving</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> + <i>serve</i>:
cf. F. <i>desservir</i>.] <def>To fail to serve; to do injury or
mischief to; to damage; to hurt; to harm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have neither served nor <i>disserved</i> the interests
of any party.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*serv"ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i>
+ <i>service</i>: cf. F. <i>desservice</i>.] <def>Injury;
mischief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall rather perform good offices unto truth than
any <i>disservice</i> unto their relators.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*serv"ice*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Calculated to do disservice or harm; not serviceable; injurious;
harmful; unserviceable.</def> <i>Shaftesbury.</i> --
<wf>Dis*serv"ice*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>Norris.</i>
-- <wf>Dis*serv"ice*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*set"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
unsettle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*set"tle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of unsettling, or the state of being unsettled.</def>
<i>Marvell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dissevered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dissevering</u>.] [OE. <i>dessevrer</i>; pref.
<i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>sevrer</i> to sever, F.
<i>sevrer</i> to wean, L. <i>separate</i> to separate. In this word
the prefix is intensive. See <u>Dis-</u>, and <u>Sever</u>.] <def>To
part in two; to sever thoroughly; to sunder; to disunite; to
separate; to disperse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The storm so <i>dissevered</i> the company . . . that
most of therm never met again.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>States <i>disserved</i>, discordant,
belligerent.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sev"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To part; to
separate.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sev"er*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>dessevrance</i>.] <def>The act of disserving;
separation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sev`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of disserving; disseverance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*sev"er*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>dessevrement</i>.] <def>Disseverance.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*shad"ow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To free
from shadow or shade.</def> [Obs.]  <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sheathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
unsheathed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ship"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dismiss
from service on board ship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*shiv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
shiver or break in pieces.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis"si*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissidentia</i>: cf. F. <i>dissidence</i>. See <u>Dissident</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Disagreement; dissent; separation from the
established religion.</def>  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the <i>dissidence</i> of dissent.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"si*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissidens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>dissidere</i> to sit
apart, to disagree; <i>dis-</i> + <i>sedere</i> to sit: cf. F.
<i>dissident</i>. See <u>Sit</u>.] <def>No agreeing; dissenting;
discordant; different.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our life and manners be <i>dissident</i> from
theirs.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"si*dent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One
who disagrees or dissents; one who separates from the established
religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dissident</i>, habituated and taught to think
of his dissidenc&?; as a laudable and necessary opposition to
ecclesiastical usurpation.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"si*dent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dissident manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dis*sil"i*ence</hw> (?; 106), <hw>Dis*sil"i*en*cy</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of leaping or starting
asunder.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sil"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissiliens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>dissilire</i> to leap
asunder: <i>dis-</i> + <i>salire</i> to leap.] <def>Starting asunder;
bursting and opening with an elastic force; dehiscing explosively;
as, a <i>dissilient</i> pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`si*li"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
bursting or springing apart.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sim"i*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>similar</i>: cf. F. <i>dissimilaire</i>.] <def>Not similar;
unlike; heterogeneous; as, the tempers of men are as
<i>dissimilar</i> as their features.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This part very <i>dissimilar</i> to any
other.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sim`i*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
resemblance; unlikeness; dissimilitude; variety; as, the
<i>dissimilarity</i> of human faces and forms.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Jones.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sim"i*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dissimilar manner; in a varied style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With verdant shrubs <i>dissimilarly</i>
gay.</blockquote> <i>C. Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sim"i*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render dissimilar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sim`i*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of making dissimilar.</def>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sim"i*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissimile</i>, neut. of <i>dissimilis</i> unlike.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<def>Comparison or illustration by contraries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`si*mil"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissimilitudo</i>, fr. <i>dissimilis</i>: cf. F.
<i>dissimilitude</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of resemblance;
unlikeness; dissimilarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dissimilitude</i> between the Divinity and
images.</blockquote> <i>Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A comparison by contrast; a
dissimile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sim"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissimulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>dissimulare</i>. See
<u>Dissemble</u>.] <def>Feigning; simulating; pretending.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Henryson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sim"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
dissemble; to feign; to pretend.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sim`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissimulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>dissimulation</i>.] <def>The act of
dissembling; a hiding under a false appearance; concealment by
feigning; false pretension; hypocrisy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let love be without <i>dissimulation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. xii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dissimulation</i> . . . when a man lets fall signs
and arguments that he is not that he is.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Simulation is a pretense of what is not, and
<i>dissimulation</i> a concealment of what is.</blockquote>
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sim"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who dissimulates; a dissembler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sim"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>dissimuler</i>. See <u>Dissimulate</u>.] <def>To dissemble.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sim"u*ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dissembler.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*sim"u*lour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>dissimuleur</i>.] <def>A dissembler.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"si*pa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissipabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being scattered or
dissipated.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The heat of those plants is very
<i>dissipable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><! p. 433 !></p>

<p><hw>Dis"si*pate</hw> (d&ibreve;s"s&ibreve;*p&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dissipated</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dissipating</u>.] [L.
<i>dissipatus</i>, p. p. of <i>dissipare</i>; <i>dis-</i> + an
obsolete verb <i>sipare</i>, <i>supare</i>. to throw.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scatter completely; to disperse and cause
to disappear; -- used esp. of the dispersion of things that can never
again be collected or restored.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dissipated</i> those foggy mists of
error.</blockquote> <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I soon <i>dissipated</i> his fears.</blockquote>
<i>Cook.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The extreme tendency of civilization is to
<i>dissipate</i> all intellectual energy.</blockquote>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To destroy by wasteful extravagance or
lavish use; to squander.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vast wealth . . . was in three years
<i>dissipated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disperse; scatter; dispel; spend; squander;
waste; consume; lavish.</p>

<p><hw>Dis"si*pate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To separate into parts and disappear; to waste away; to scatter;
to disperse; to vanish; as, a fog or cloud gradually
<i>dissipates</i> before the rays or heat of the sun; the heat of a
body <i>dissipates</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be extravagant, wasteful, or dissolute
in the pursuit of pleasure; to engage in dissipation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"si*pa`ted</hw> (d&ibreve;s"s&ibreve;*p&amacr;`t&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Squandered;
scattered.</def> "<i>Dissipated</i> wealth."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wasteful of health, money, etc., in the
pursuit of pleasure; dissolute; intemperate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A life irregular and <i>dissipated</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`si*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissipatio</i>: cf. F. <i>dissipation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of dissipating or dispersing; a state of dispersion or
separation; dispersion; waste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without loss or <i>dissipation</i> of the
matter.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The famous <i>dissipation</i> of mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dissolute course of life, in which
health, money, etc., are squandered in pursuit of pleasure;
profuseness in vicious indulgence, as late hours, riotous living,
etc.; dissoluteness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To reclaim the spendthrift from his <i>dissipation</i>
and extravagance.</blockquote> <i>P. Henry.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A trifle which wastes time or distracts
attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prevented from finishing them [the letters] a thousand
avocations and <i>dissipations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dissipation of energy</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<i>Degradation of energy</i>, under <u>Degradation</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis"si*pa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
dissipate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dissipative system</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>an
assumed system of matter and motions in which forces of friction and
resistances of other kinds are introduced without regard to the heat
or other molecular actions which they generate; -- opposed to
<i>conservative system</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis`si*pa*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
rate at which palpable energy is dissipated away into other forms of
energy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"site</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dissitus</i>.]
<def>Lying apart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lands far <i>dissite</i> and remote
asunder.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*slan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> (intens.) + <i>slander</i>.] <def>To slander.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Legend of Dido.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*slan"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Slander.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*slan"der*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Slanderous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*so`cia*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want
of sociability; unsociableness.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*so"cia*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissociabilis</i>, fr. <i>dissociare</i>: cf. F.
<i>dissociable</i>. See <u>Dissociate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not well associated or assorted; incongruous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They came in two and two, though matched in the most
<i>dissociable</i> manner.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a tendency to dissolve social
connections; unsuitable to society; unsociable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*so"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i>
+ <i>social</i>: cf. L. <i>dissocialis</i>. See <u>Dissociate</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Unfriendly to society; contracted;
selfish; as, <i>dissocial</i> feelings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*so"cial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render unsocial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*so"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dissociated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dissociating</u>.] [L. <i>dissociatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>dissociare</i> to dissociate; <i>dis-</i> + <i>sociare</i> to
unite, associate, <i>socius</i> companion. See <u>Social</u>.]
<def>To separate from fellowship or union; to disunite; to disjoin;
as, to <i>dissociate</i> the particles of a concrete
substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before Wyclif's death in 1384, John of Gaunt had
openly <i>dissociated</i> himself from the reformer.</blockquote>
<i>A. W. Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*so`ci*a"tion</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissociatio</i>: cf. F. <i>dissociation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of dissociating or disuniting; a state of separation;
disunion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It will add infinitely <i>dissociation</i>,
distraction, and confusion of these confederate
republics.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The process by which a
compound body breaks up into simpler constituents; -- said
particularly of the action of heat on gaseous or volatile substances;
as, the <i>dissociation</i> of the sulphur molecules; the
<i>dissociation</i> of ammonium chloride into hydrochloric acid and
ammonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*so"ci*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
or leading to dissociation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`so*lu*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being dissoluble; capacity of being dissoluble; capacity
of being dissolved by heat or moisture, and converted into a
fluid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"so*lu*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissolubilis</i>: cf. F. <i>dissoluble</i>. See <u>Dissolve</u>,
and cf. <u>Dissolvable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being
dissolved; having its parts separable by heat or moisture;
convertible into a fluid.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being disunited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"so*lu*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being dissoluble; dissolubility.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"so*lute</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissolutus</i>, p. p. of <i>dissolvere</i>: cf. F. <i>dissolu</i>.
See <u>Dissolve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With nerves unstrung;
weak.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Loosed from restraint; esp., loose in
morals and conduct; recklessly abandoned to sensual pleasures;
profligate; wanton; lewd; debauched.</def> "A wild and
<i>dissolute</i> soldier."  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Uncurbed; unbridled; disorderly; unrestrained;
reckless; wild; wanton; vicious; lax; licentious; lewd; rakish;
debauched; profligate.</p>

<p><hw>Dis"so*lute*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dissolute manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"so*lute*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or
quality of being dissolute; looseness of morals and manners;
addictedness to sinful pleasures; debauchery; dissipation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chivalry had the vices of
<i>dissoluteness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`so*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>dissolucioun</i> dissoluteness, F. <i>dissolution</i>, fr. L.
<i>dissolutio</i>, fr. <i>dissolvere</i>. See <u>Dissolve</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of dissolving, sundering, or
separating into component parts; separation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dissolutions</i> of ancient amities.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Change from a solid to a fluid state;
solution by heat or moisture; liquefaction; melting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Change of form by chemical agency;
decomposition; resolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dissolution</i> of the compound.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The dispersion of an assembly by
terminating its sessions; the breaking up of a partnership.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dissolution</i> is the civil death of
Parliament.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The extinction of life in the human body;
separation of the soul from the body; death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We expected<BR>
Immediate <i>dissolution</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The state of being dissolved, or of
undergoing liquefaction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of continual <i>dissolution</i> and
thaw.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The new product formed by dissolving a
body; a solution.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Destruction of anything by the separation
of its parts; ruin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make a present <i>dissolution</i> of the
world.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Corruption of morals; dissipation;
dissoluteness.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*solv`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capacity of being dissolved; solubility.</def>
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*solv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Dissolve</u>, cf. <u>Dissoluble</u>.] <def>Capable of being
dissolved, or separated into component parts; capable of being
liquefied; soluble.</def> -- <wf>Dis*solv"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Though everything which is compacted be in its own
nature <i>dissolvable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such things as are not <i>dissolvable</i> by the
moisture of the tongue.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*solv"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Having the
power to dissolve anything; solvent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Frampton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*solve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dissolved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dissolving</u>.] [L. <i>dissolvere</i>,
<i>dissolutum</i>; <i>dis-</i> + <i>solvere</i> to loose, free. See
<u>Solve</u>, and cf. <u>Dissolute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
separate into competent parts; to disorganize; to break up; hence, to
bring to an end by separating the parts, sundering a relation, etc.;
to terminate; to destroy; to deprive of force; as, to <i>dissolve</i>
a partnership; to <i>dissolve</i> Parliament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest his ungoverned rage <i>dissolve</i> the
life.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break the continuity of; to disconnect;
to disunite; to sunder; to loosen; to undo; to separate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing can <i>dissolve</i> us.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Down fell the duke, his joints <i>dissolved</i>
asunder.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For one people to <i>dissolve</i> the political bands
which have connected them with another.</blockquote> <i>The
Declaration of Independence.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To convert into a liquid by means of heat,
moisture, etc.,; to melt; to liquefy; to soften.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As if the world were all <i>dissolved</i> to
tears.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To solve; to clear up; to resolve.</def>
"<i>Dissolved</i> the mystery."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Make interpretations and <i>dissolve</i>
doubts.</blockquote> <i>Dan. v. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To relax by pleasure; to make
powerless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Angels <i>dissolved</i> in hallelujahs
lie.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To annul; to rescind; to
discharge or release; as, to <i>dissolve</i> an injunction.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Adjourn</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*solve"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To waste away; to be dissipated; to be decomposed or broken
up.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become fluid; to be melted; to be
liquefied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A figure<BR>
Trenched in ice, which with an hour's heat<BR>
<i>Dissolves</i> to water, and doth lose his form.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fade away; to fall to nothing; to lose
power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The charm <i>dissolves</i> apace.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*solv"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissolvens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>dissolvere</i>.]
<def>Having power to dissolve power to dissolve a solid body; as, the
<i>dissolvent</i> juices of the stomach.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*solv"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which has the power of dissolving or melting other
substances, esp. by mixture with them; a menstruum; a
solvent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Melted in the crucible
<i>dissolvents</i>.</blockquote> <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The secret treaty of December acted as an immediate
<i>dissolvent</i> to the truce.</blockquote> <i>Mothley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A remedy supposed capable of
dissolving concretions in the body, such as calculi, tubercles,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*solv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, has power to dissolve or dissipate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou kind <i>dissolver</i> of encroaching
care.</blockquote> <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*solv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Melting; breaking
up; vanishing.</def> -- <wf>Dis*solv"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Dissolving view</b></col>, <cd>a picture which grows dim
and is gradually replaced by another on the same field; -- an effect
produced by magic lanterns.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis"so*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissonantia</i>: cf. F. <i>dissonance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A mingling of discordant sounds; an inharmonious combination of
sounds; discord.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Filled the air with barbarous
<i>dissonance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of agreement; incongruity.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"so*nan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Discord;
dissonance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"so*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissonans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>dissonare</i> to
disagree in sound, be discordant; <i>dis-</i> + <i>sonare</i> to
sound: cf. F. <i>dissonant</i>. See <u>Sonant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sounding harshly; discordant;
unharmonious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With clamor of voices <i>dissonant</i> and
loud.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disagreeing; incongruous; discrepant, --
with <i>from</i> or <i>to</i>.</def> "Anything <i>dissonant</i> to
truth."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What can be <i>dissonant</i> from reason and nature
than that a man, naturally inclined to clemency, should show himself
unkind and inhuman?</blockquote> <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*spir"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dispirit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*suade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dissuaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dissuading</u>.] [L. <i>dissuadere</i>, <i>dissuasum</i>; <i>dis-
</i> + <i>suadere</i> to advise, persuade: cf. F. <i>dissuader</i>.
See <u>Suasion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To advise or exhort
against; to try to persuade (one from a course).</def>
[Obsolescent]</p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Burchell, on the contrary, <i>dissuaded</i> her
with great ardor: and I stood neuter.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>War, therefore, open or concealed, alike<BR>
My voice <i>dissuades</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divert by persuasion; to turn from a
purpose by reasons or motives; -- with <i>from</i>; as, I could not
<i>dissuade</i> him from his purpose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have tried what is possible to <i>dissuade</i>
him.</blockquote> <i>Mad. D' Arblay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*suad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dissuades; a dehorter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sua"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dissuasio</i>: cf. F. <i>dissuasion</i>. See <u>Dissuade</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of dissuading; exhortation against a
thing; dehortation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In spite of all the <i>dissuasions</i> of his
friends.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A motive or consideration tending to
dissuade; a dissuasive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sua"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
dissuade or divert from a measure or purpose; dehortatory; as,
<i>dissuasive</i> advice.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dissuasive argument or counsel; dissuasion; dehortation.</def>
<i>Prynne.</i> -- <wf>Dis*sua"sive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sua"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dissuasive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This virtuous and reasonable person, however, has ill
luck in all his <i>dissuasories</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sun"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dissundered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dissundering</u>.] [Pref. <i>dis-</i> (intens) +
<i>sunder</i>.] <def>To separate; to sunder; to destroy.</def> [R.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sweet"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of sweetness.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`syl*lab"ic</hw>
(d&ibreve;s`s&ibreve;l*l&abreve;b"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>dissyllabique</i>. See <u>Dissylable</u>.] <def>Consisting
of two syllables only; as, a <i>dissyllabic</i> foot in poetry.</def>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`syl*lab`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
forming into two syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`syl*lab"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<i>Dissyllable</i> + <i>-fly</i>.] <def>To form into two
syllables.</def>  <i>Ogilvie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*syl"la*bize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form
into two syllables; to dissyllabify.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*syl"la*ble</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>dissyllabe</i>, L. <i>disyllabus</i>, adj., of two syllables, fr.
Gr. &?;; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; syllable. See
<u>Syllable</u>.] <def>A word of two syllables; as, <i>pa-
per</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`sym*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
having symmetry; asymmetrical; unsymmetrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sym"me*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>symmetry</i>.] <def>Absence or defect of symmetry;
asymmetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*sym"pa*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lack of
sympathy; want of interest; indifference.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis"tad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Dist</i>al + L.
<i>ad</i> toward.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Toward a distal part; on the
distal side of; distally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"taff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Distaffs</b></plw> (#), <i>rarely</i>
<plw><b>Distaves</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>distaf</i>, <i>dysestafe</i>,
AS. <i>distaef</i>; cf. LG. <i>diesse</i> the bunch of flax on a
distaff, and E. <i>dizen</i>. See <u>Staff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The staff for holding a bunch of flax, tow, or wool, from which
the thread is drawn in spinning by hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will the <i>distaff</i> hold; come thou and
spin.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Used as a symbol of the holder of a
distaff; hence, a woman; women, collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His crown usurped, a <i>distaff</i> on the
throne.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some say the crozier, some say the <i>distaff</i> was
too busy.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The plural is regular, but <i>Distaves</i> occurs in
Beaumont &amp; Fletcher.</p>

<p><col><b>Descent by distaff</b></col>, <cd>descent on the mother's
side.</cd> -- <col><b>Distaff Day</b></col>, or <col><b>Distaff's
Day</b></col>, <cd>the morrow of the Epiphany, that is, January 7,
because working at the distaff was then resumed, after the Christmas
festival; -- called also <i>Rock Day</i>, a distaff being called a
<i>rock</i>.</cd>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Distained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Distaining</u>.] [OE. <i>desteinen</i>, OF. <i>desteindre</i> to
take away the color, F. <i>d&eacute;teindre</i>; pref. <i>des-</i>
(L. <i>dis-</i>) + F. <i>teindre</i> to tinge, dye, L.
<i>tingere</i>. See <u>Tinge</u>, and cf. <u>Stain</u>.] <def>To
tinge with a different color from the natural or proper one; to
stain; to discolor; to sully; to tarnish; to defile; -- used chiefly
in poetry.</def> "<i>Distained</i> with dirt and blood."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[She] hath . . . <i>distained</i> her honorable
blood.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The worthiness of praise <i>distains</i> his
worth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Distant</u>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Remote from the point of
attachment or origin; as, the <i>distal</i> end of a bone or
muscle</def>; -- opposed to <i>proximal</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Pertaining to that which is distal; as, the <i>distal</i>
tuberosities of a bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Toward a distal part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>distance</i>,
L. <i>distantia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The space between two
objects; the length of a line, especially the shortest line joining
two points or things that are separate; measure of separation in
place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every particle attracts every other with a force . . .
inversely proportioned to the square of the
<i>distance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Remoteness of place; a remote
place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Easily managed from a <i>distance</i>.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is <i>distance</i> lends enchantment to the
view.</blockquote> <i>T. Campbell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] waits at <i>distance</i> till he hears from
Cato.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><! p. 434 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Racing)</i> <def>A space marked out in the
last part of a race course.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The horse that ran the whole field out of
<i>distance</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In trotting matches under the rules of the American
Association, the <i>distance</i> varies with the conditions of the
race, being 80 yards in races of mile heats, best two in three, and
150 yards in races of two-mile heats. At that distance from the
winning post is placed the <i>distance post</i>. If any horse has not
reached this distance post before the first horse in that heat has
reached the winning post, such horse is <i>distanced</i>, and
disqualified for running again during that race.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Relative space, between
troops in ranks, measured from front to rear; -- contrasted with
<i>interval</i>, which is measured from right to left.</def>
"<i>Distance</i> between companies in close column is twelve yards."
<i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Space between two antagonists in
fencing.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Painting)</i> <def>The part of a picture
which contains the representation of those objects which are the
farthest away, esp. in a landscape.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a picture, the <col><b>Middle distance</b></col> is the
central portion between the <i>foreground</i> and the <i>distance</i>
or the <i>extreme distance</i>. In a perspective drawing, the
<col><b>Point of distance</b></col> is the point where the visual
rays meet.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Ideal disjunction; discrepancy;
contrariety.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Length or interval of time; period, past
or future, between two eras or events.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ten years' <i>distance</i> between one and the
other.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The writings of Euclid at the <i>distance</i> of two
thousand years.</blockquote> <i>Playfair.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The remoteness or reserve which respect
requires; hence, respect; ceremoniousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hope your modesty<BR>
Will know what <i>distance</i> to the crown is due.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is by respect and <i>distance</i> that authority is
upheld.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A withholding of intimacy; alienation;
coldness; disagreement; variance; restraint; reserve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Setting them [factions] at <i>distance</i>, or at
least distrust amongst themselves.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the part of Heaven,<BR>
Now alienated, <i>distance</i> and distaste.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Remoteness in succession or relation; as,
the <i>distance</i> between a descendant and his ancestor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The interval between two
notes; as, the <i>distance</i> of a fourth or seventh.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angular distance</b></col>, <cd>the distance made at the
eye by lines drawn from the eye to two objects.</cd> -- <col><b>Lunar
distance</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Lunar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>North
polar distance</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the distance on the
heavens of a heavenly body from the north pole. It is the complement
of the declination.</cd> -- <col><b>Zenith distance</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the arc on the heavens from a heavenly body to
the zenith of the observer. It is the complement of the
altitude.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep one's distance</b></col>, <cd>to
stand aloof; to refrain from familiarity.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man makes me <i>keep my distance</i>, the comfort
is he keeps his at the same time.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Distanced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Distancing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place at a
distance or remotely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I heard nothing thereof at Oxford, being then miles
<i>distanced</i> thence.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to appear as if at a distance; to
make seem remote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His peculiar art of <i>distancing</i> an object to
aggrandize his space.</blockquote> <i>H. Miller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To outstrip by as much as a distance (see
<u>Distance</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3); to leave far behind; to
surpass greatly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>distanced</i> the most skillful of his
contemporaries.</blockquote> <i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Distance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>distans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>distare</i> to stand
apart, be separate or distant; <i>dis-</i> + <i>stare</i> to stand.
See <u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Separated; having an
intervening space; at a distance; away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One board had two tenons, equally
<i>distant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxvi. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Diana's temple is not <i>distant</i> far.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Far separated; far off; not near; remote;
-- in place, time, consanguinity, or connection; as, <i>distant</i>
times; <i>distant</i> relatives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The success of these <i>distant</i>
enterprises.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Reserved or repelling in manners; cold;
not cordial; somewhat haughty; as, a <i>distant</i> manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He passed me with a <i>distant</i> bow.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Indistinct; faint; obscure, as from
distance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>distant</i> knowledge.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>distant</i> glimpse.</blockquote> <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not conformable; discrepant; repugnant;
as, a practice so widely <i>distant</i> from Christianity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Separate; far; remote; aloof; apart; asunder;
slight; faint; indirect; indistinct.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tan"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Distant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>More <i>distantial</i> from the eye.</blockquote>
<i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"tant*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At a
distance; remotely; with reserve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*taste"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Aversion of the taste; dislike, as of food or drink;
disrelish.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Discomfort; uneasiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prosperity is not without many fears and
<i>distastes</i>, and adversity is not without comforts and
hopes.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Alienation of affection; displeasure;
anger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the part of Heaven,<BR>
Now alienated, distance and <i>distaste</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disrelish; disinclination; dislike; aversion;
displeasure; dissatisfaction; disgust.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*taste"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Distasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Distasting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not to have relish or
taste for; to disrelish; to loathe; to dislike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Although my will <i>distaste</i> what it
elected.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To offend; to disgust; to displease.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He thought in no policy to <i>distaste</i> the English
or Irish by a course of reformation, but sought to please
them.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of taste or relish; to make
unsavory or distasteful.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*taste"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
distasteful; to taste ill or disagreeable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Dangerous conceits are, in their natures, poisons,<BR>
Which at the are scarce found to <i>distaste</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*taste"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unpleasant or disgusting to the taste;
nauseous; loathsome.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Offensive; displeasing to the feelings;
disagreeable; as, a <i>distasteful</i> truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Distasteful</i> answer, and sometimes unfriendly
actions.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Manifesting distaste or dislike;
repulsive.</def> "<i>Distasteful</i> looks."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Nauseous; unsavory; unpalatable; offensive;
displeasing; dissatisfactory; disgusting.</p>

<p>- <wf>Dis*taste"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*taste"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*taste"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
excite distaste.</def> [Obs.] -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
excites distaste or aversion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tas"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Something which excites distaste or disgust.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tem"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Distempered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Distempering</u>.] [OF. <i>destemprer</i>,
<i>destremper</i>, to distemper, F. <i>d&eacute;tremper</i> to soak,
soften, slake (lime); pref. <i>des-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + OF.
<i>temprer</i>, <i>tremper</i>, F. <i>tremper</i>, L.
<i>temperare</i> to mingle in due proportion. See <u>Temper</u>, and
cf. <u>Destemprer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To temper or mix
unduly; to make disproportionate; to change the due proportions
of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When . . . the humors in his body ben
<i>distempered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To derange the functions of, whether
bodily, mental, or spiritual; to disorder; to disease.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The imagination, when completely <i>distempered</i>,
is the most incurable of all disordered faculties.</blockquote>
<i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of temper or moderation; to
disturb; to ruffle; to make disaffected, ill-humored, or
malignant.</def> "<i>Distempered</i> spirits."  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To intoxicate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The courtiers reeling,<BR>
And the duke himself, I dare not say <i>distempered</i>,<BR>
But kind, and in his tottering chair carousing.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>To mix (colors) in the way
of distemper; as, to <i>distemper</i> colors with size.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tem"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Distemper</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Destemprer</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An undue or unnatural temper, or
disproportionate mixture of parts.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This meaning and most of the following are to be referred
to the Galenical doctrine of the four "humors" in man. See
<u>Humor</u>. According to the old physicians, these humors, when
unduly tempered, produce a disordered state of body and mind.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Severity of climate; extreme weather,
whether hot or cold.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those countries . . . under the tropic, were of a
<i>distemper</i> uninhabitable.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A morbid state of the animal system;
indisposition; malady; disorder; -- at present chiefly applied to
diseases of brutes; as, a <i>distemper</i> in dogs; the horse
<i>distemper</i>; the horn <i>distemper</i> in cattle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They heighten <i>distempers</i> to
diseases.</blockquote> <i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Morbid temper of the mind; undue
predominance of a passion or appetite; mental derangement; bad
temper; ill humor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Little faults proceeding on
<i>distemper</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some frenzy <i>distemper</i> had got into his
head.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Political disorder; tumult.</def>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
preparation of opaque or body colors, in which the pigments are
tempered or diluted with weak glue or size (cf. <u>Tempera</u>)
instead of oil, usually for scene painting, or for walls and ceilings
of rooms.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A painting done with this
preparation.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disease; disorder; sickness; illness; malady;
indisposition; ailment. See <u>Disease</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tem"per*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Distemperature.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tem"per*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>distemperatus</i>, p. p.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Immoderate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Diseased; disordered.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wodroephe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tem"per*ate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Unduly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tem"per*a*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bad temperature; intemperateness; excess of
heat or cold, or of other qualities; as, the <i>distemperature</i> of
the air.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disorder; confusion.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Disorder of body; slight illness;
distemper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A huge infectious troop<BR>
Of pale <i>distemperatures</i> and foes to life.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Perturbation of mind; mental
uneasiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sprinkled a little patience on the heat of his
<i>distemperature</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tem"per*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Distempered state; distemperature.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Distended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Distending</u>.] [L. <i>distendere</i>, <i>distentum</i>,
<i>distensum</i>; <i>dis-</i> + <i>tendere</i> to stretch, stretch
out: cf. F. <i>distendre</i> to distend, <i>d&eacute;tendre</i> to
unbend. See <u>Tend</u>, and cf. <u>Detent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To extend in some one direction; to lengthen out; to
stretch.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But say, what mean those colored streaks in heaven<BR>
<i>Distended</i> as the brow of God appeased?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stretch out or extend in all
directions; to dilate; to enlarge, as by elasticity of parts; to
inflate so as to produce tension; to cause to swell; as, to
<i>distend</i> a bladder, the stomach, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The warmth <i>distends</i> the chinks.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dilate; expand; enlarge; swell; inflate.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tend"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
expanded or inflated; to swell.</def> "His heart <i>distends</i> with
pride."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ten`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or capacity of being distensible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*ten"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being distended or dilated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ten"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Distention</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ten"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Distending,
or capable of being distended.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>distentus</i>,
p. p. See <u>Distend</u>.] <def>Distended.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tent"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Breadth.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ten"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>distentio</i>: cf. F. <i>distension</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of distending; the act of stretching in breadth or in
all directions; the state of being Distended; as, the
<i>distention</i> of the lungs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Breadth; extent or space occupied by the
thing distended.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ter"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>terra</i> earth, country; cf. Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>desterrar</i>.] <def>To
banish or drive from a country.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ter"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disterminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>disterminare</i> to limit. See
<u>Terminate</u>.] <def>Separated by bounds.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ter`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disterminatio</i>.] <def>Separation by bounds.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"thene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk> =
<grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; force: cf. F. <i>disth&egrave;ne</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Cyanite or kyanite; -- so called in allusion to
its unequal hardness in two different directions. See
<u>Cyanite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*throne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>throne</i>: cf. OF. <i>desthroner</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;troner</i>.] <def>To dethrone.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*thron"ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
dethrone.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"tich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>distichon</i>,
Gr. &?;, neut. of &?; with two rows, of two verses; <grk>di-</grk> =
<grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; row, verse, fr. &?; to ascend; akin to
AS. <i>st&imacr;gan</i> to ascend: cf. F. <i>distique</i>. See
<u>Stirrup</u>.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A couple of verses or poetic
lines making complete sense; an epigram of two verses.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dis"tich</hw> (?), <hw>Dis"tich*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See <u>Distich</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Disposed in two vertical rows; two-
ranked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"tich*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
distichous manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*til"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Distill</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*till"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Distilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Distilling</u>.] [F. <i>distiller</i>, from L. <i>destillare</i>,
<i>destillatum</i>; <i>de</i> + <i>stillare</i> to drop,
<i>stilla</i> a drop, prob. fr. <i>stiria</i> frozen drop, icicle;
prob. akin to <i>stare</i>, E. <i>stand</i>.  Cf. <u>Still</u>,
<pos><i>n. &amp; v</i></pos>., <u>Instill</u>.] [Written also
<i>distil</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drop; to fall in drops; to
trickle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Soft showers <i>distilled</i>, and suns grew warm in
vain.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To flow gently, or in a small
stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Euphrates <i>distilleth</i> out of the mountains
of Armenia.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To practice the art of distillation.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*till"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To let fall or send down in drops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or o'er the glebe <i>distill</i> the kindly
rain.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The dew which on the tender grass<BR>
The evening had <i>distilled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obtain by distillation; to extract by
distillation, as spirits, essential oil, etc.; to rectify; as, to
<i>distill</i> brandy from wine; to <i>distill</i> alcoholic spirits
from grain; to <i>distill</i> essential oils from flowers, etc.; to
<i>distill</i> fresh water from sea water.</def> "<i>Distilling</i>
odors on me."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To subject to distillation; as, to
<i>distill</i> molasses in making rum; to <i>distill</i> barley, rye,
corn, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dissolve or melt.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Swords by the lightning's subtle force
<i>distilled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*till"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Capable of being distilled; especially, capable of being
distilled without chemical change or decomposition; as, alcohol is
<i>distillable</i>; olive oil is not <i>distillable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*till"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The product of distillation; as, the <i>distillate</i> from
molasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`til*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>distillation</i>, L. <i>destillatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of falling in drops, or the act of pouring out in
drops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which falls in drops.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The separation of the
volatile parts of a substance from the more fixed; specifically, the
operation of driving off gas or vapor from volatile liquids or
solids, by heat in a retort or still, and the condensation of the
products as far as possible by a cool receiver, alembic, or
condenser; rectification; vaporization; condensation; as, the
<i>distillation</i> of illuminating gas and coal, of alcohol from
sour mash, or of boric acid in steam.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The evaporation of water, its condensation into clouds, and
its precipitation as rain, dew, frost, snow, or hail, is an
illustration of natural <i>distillation</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The substance extracted by
distilling.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Destructive distillation</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
distillation, especially of complex solid substances, so that the
ultimate constituents are separated or evolved in new compounds, --
usually requiring a high degree of heat; as, the <i>destructive
distillation</i> of soft coal or of wood.</cd> -- <col><b>Dry
distillation</b></col>, <cd>the distillation of substances by
themselves, or without the addition of water or of other volatile
solvent; as, the <i>dry distillation</i> of citric acid.</cd> --
<col><b>Fractional distillation</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Fractional</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*til"la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>distillatoire</i>.] <def>Belonging to, or used in, distilling; as,
<i>distillatory</i> vessels.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
distillatory apparatus; a still.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*till"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who distills; esp., one who extracts alcoholic liquors by
distillation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condenser of a distilling
apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*till"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Distilleries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>distillerie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The building and works where distilling, esp.
of alcoholic liquors, is carried on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of distilling spirits.</def> [R.]
<i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*till"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Distillation; the substance obtained by distillation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tinct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>distinctus</i>, p. p. of <i>distinguere</i>: cf. F.
<i>distinct</i>. See <u>Distinguish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Distinguished; having the difference marked; separated by a
visible sign; marked out; specified.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wherever thus created -- for no place<BR>
Is yet <i>distinct</i> by name.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Marked; variegated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The which [place] was dight<BR>
With divers flowers <i>distinct</i> with rare delight.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 435 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Separate in place; not conjunct; not
united by growth or otherwise; -- with <i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The intention was that the two armies which marched
out together should afterward be <i>distinct</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not identical; different;
individual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To offend, and judge, are <i>distinct</i>
offices.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>So separated as not to be confounded with
any other thing; not liable to be misunderstood; not confused; well-
defined; clear; as, we have a <i>distinct</i> or indistinct view of a
prospect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Relation more particular and
<i>distinct</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Separate; unconnected; disjoined; different; clear;
plain; conspicuous; obvious.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tinct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
distinguish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tinc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>distinctio</i>: cf. F. <i>distinction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A marking off by visible signs; separation into parts;
division.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>distinction</i> of tragedy into acts was not
known.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of distinguishing or denoting the
differences between objects, or the qualities by which one is known
from others; exercise of discernment; discrimination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To take away therefore that error, which confusion
breedeth, <i>distinction</i> is requisite.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which distinguishes one thing from
another; distinguishing quality; sharply defined difference; as, the
<i>distinction</i> between real and apparent good.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>distinction</i> betwixt the animal kingdom and
the inferior parts of matter.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Estimation of difference; regard to
differences or distinguishing circumstance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Maids, women, wives, without <i>distinction</i>,
fall.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Conspicuous station; eminence;
superiority; honorable estimation; as, a man of
<i>distinction</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your country's own means of <i>distinction</i> and
defense.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Difference; variation, variety; contrast;
diversity; contrariety; disagreement; discrimination; preference;
superiority; rank; note; eminence.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tinc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>distinctif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Marking or expressing
distinction or difference; distinguishing; characteristic;
peculiar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>distinctive</i> character and institutions of
New England.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the power to distinguish and
discern; discriminating.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tinc"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
distinction; plainly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tinc"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being distinctive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tinct"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With distinctness; not confusedly; without
the blending of one part or thing another; clearly; plainly; as, to
see <i>distinctly</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With meaning; significantly.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou dost snore <i>distinctly</i>;<BR>
There's meaning in thy snores.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Separately; clearly; plainly; obviously.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tinct"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being distinct; a separation or
difference that prevents confusion of parts or things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul's . . . <i>distinctness</i> from the
body.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nice discrimination; hence, clearness;
precision; as, he stated his arguments with great
<i>distinctness</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Plainness; clearness; precision; perspicuity.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tinc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Distinctness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tin"guish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Distinguished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Distinguishing</u>.] [F. <i>distinguer</i>, L.
<i>distinguere</i>, <i>distinctum</i>; <i>di- = dis-</i> +
<i>stinguere</i> to quench, extinguish; prob. orig., to prick, and so
akin to G. <i>stechen</i>, E. <i>stick</i>, and perh. <i>sting</i>.
Cf. <u>Extinguish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not set apart from
others by visible marks; to make distinctive or discernible by
exhibiting differences; to mark off by some characteristic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not more <i>distinguished</i> by her purple vest,<BR>
Than by the charming features of her face.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Milton has <i>distinguished</i> the sweetbrier and the
eglantine.</blockquote> <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate by definition of terms or
logical division of a subject with regard to difference; as, to
<i>distinguish</i> sounds into high and low.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses <i>distinguished</i> the causes of the flood
into those that belong to the heavens, and those that belong to the
earth.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To recognize or discern by marks, signs,
or characteristic quality or qualities; to know and discriminate
(anything) from other things with which it might be confounded; as,
to <i>distinguish</i> the sound of a drum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are enabled to <i>distinguish</i> good from evil,
as well as truth from falsehood.</blockquote> <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor more can you <i>distinguish</i> of a man,<BR>
Than of his outward show.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To constitute a difference; to make to
differ.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>distinguisheth</i> thee?</blockquote> <i>1 Cor.
iv. 7. (Douay version).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To separate from others by a mark of
honor; to make eminent or known; to confer distinction upon; -- with
<i>by</i> or <i>for</i>.</def>"To <i>distinguish</i> themselves by
means never tried before."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To mark; discriminate; differentiate; characterize;
discern; perceive; signalize; honor; glorify.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tin"guish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make distinctions; to perceive the difference; to exercise
discrimination; -- with <i>between</i>; as, a judge
<i>distinguishes</i> between cases apparently similar, but differing
in principle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become distinguished or distinctive; to
make one's self or itself discernible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The little embryo . . . first <i>distinguishes</i>
into a little knot.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tin"guish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being distinguished; separable;
divisible; discernible; capable of recognition; as, a tree at a
distance is <i>distinguishable</i> from a shrub.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A simple idea being in itself uncompounded . . . is
not <i>distinguishable</i> into different ideas.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of note or special regard.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tin"guish*a*ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being distinguishable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tin"guish*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
be distinguished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tin"guished</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Marked; special.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most <i>distinguished</i> politeness.</blockquote>
<i>Mad. D' Arblay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Separated from others by distinct
difference; having, or indicating, superiority; eminent or known;
illustrious; -- applied to persons and deeds.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Marked; noted; famous; conspicuous; celebrated;
transcendent; eminent; illustrious; extraordinary; prominent. --
<u>Distinguished</u>, <u>Eminent</u>, <u>Conspicuous</u>,
<u>Celebrated</u>, <u>Illustrious</u>. A man is <i>eminent</i>, when
he stands high as compared with those around him; <i>conspicuous</i>,
when he is so elevated as to be seen and observed;
<i>distinguished</i>, when he has something which makes him stand
apart from others in the public view; <i>celebrated</i>, when he is
widely spoken of with honor and respect; <i>illustrious</i>, when a
splendor is thrown around him which confers the highest dignity.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tin"guish*ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
distinguished manner.</def> [R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tin"guish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, distinguishes or
separates one thing from another by marks of diversity.</def>  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who discerns accurately the difference
of things; a nice or judicious observer.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tin"guish*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Constituting
difference, or distinction from everything else; distinctive;
peculiar; characteristic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>distinguishing</i> doctrines of our holy
religion.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Distinguishing pennant</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
special pennant by which any particular vessel in a fleet is
recognized and signaled.</cd>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tin"guish*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
distinction; with some mark of preference.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tin"guish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Observation of difference; distinction.</def>
<i>Graunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*ti"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of title or right.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dis"to*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of parasitic, trematode worms,
having two suckers for attaching themselves to the part they infest.
See 1st <u>Fluke</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tort"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>distortus</i>,
p. p. of <i>distorquere</i> to twist, distort; <i>dis-</i> +
<i>torquere</i> to twist. See <u>Torsion</u>.] <def>Distorted;
misshapen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her face was ugly and her mouth
<i>distort</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tort"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Distorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Distorting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To twist of natural or
regular shape; to twist aside physically; as, to <i>distort</i> the
limbs, or the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose face was <i>distorted</i> with
pain.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To force or put out of the true posture or
direction; to twist aside mentally or morally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wrath and malice, envy and revenge, do darken and
<i>distort</i> the understandings of men.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wrest from the true meaning; to
pervert; as, to <i>distort</i> passages of Scripture, or their
meaning.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To twist; wrest; deform; pervert.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tort"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, distorts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tor"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>distortio</i>: cf. F. <i>distortion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of distorting, or twisting out of natural or regular
shape; a twisting or writhing motion; as, the <i>distortions</i> of
the face or body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wresting from the true meaning.</def>
<i>Bp. Wren.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being distorted, or twisted
out of shape or out of true position; crookedness;
perversion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An unnatural deviation of
shape or position of any part of the body producing visible
deformity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tort"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
distortion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tract"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>distractus</i>, p. p. of <i>distrahere</i> to draw asunder;
<i>dis-</i> + <i>trahere</i> to draw. See <u>Trace</u>, and cf.
<u>Distraught</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Separated; drawn
asunder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Insane; mad.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tract"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Distracted</u>, old <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Distraught</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Distracting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw apart or away;
to divide; to disjoin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A city . . . <i>distracted</i> from
itself.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw (the sight, mind, or attention) in
different directions; to perplex; to confuse; as, to <i>distract</i>
the eye; to <i>distract</i> the attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mixed metaphors . . . <i>distract</i> the
imagination.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To agitate by conflicting passions, or by
a variety of motives or of cares; to confound; to harass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Horror and doubt <i>distract</i><BR>
His troubled thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To unsettle the reason of; to render
insane; to craze; to madden; -- most frequently used in the
participle, <i>distracted</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A poor mad soul; . . . poverty hath <i>distracted</i>
her.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tract"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mentally
disordered; unsettled; mad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>distracted</i> mind.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tract"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Disjointedly; madly.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tract"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
being distracted; distraction.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tract"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, distracts away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tract"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Distracting.</def> [R.]  <i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tract"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being drawn aside or distracted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tract"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Tending or serving to draw apart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tract"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending or
serving to distract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>distractio</i>: cf. F. <i>distraction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of distracting; a drawing apart; separation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To create <i>distractions</i> among us.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which diverts attention; a
diversion.</def> "Domestic <i>distractions</i>."  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A diversity of direction;
detachment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His power went out in such <i>distractions</i> as<BR>
Beguiled all species.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>State in which the attention is called in
different ways; confusion; perplexity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That ye may attend upon the Lord without
<i>distraction</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. vii. 35.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Confusion of affairs; tumult; disorder;
as, political <i>distractions</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never was known a night of such
<i>distraction</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Agitation from violent emotions;
perturbation of mind; despair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>distraction</i> of the children, who saw both
their parents together, would have melted the hardest
heart.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Derangement of the mind; madness.</def>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Perplexity; confusion; disturbance; disorder;
dissension; tumult; derangement; madness; raving; franticness;
furiousness.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*trac"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Distractive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*trac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
perplexity; distracting.</def> "<i>Distractive</i> thoughts."  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*train"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Distrained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Distraining</u>.] [OE. <i>destreinen</i> to force,
OF. <i>destreindre</i> to press, oppress, force, fr. L.
<i>distringere</i>, <i>districtum</i>, to draw asunder, hinder,
molest, LL., to punish severely; <i>di-</i> = <i>stringere</i> to
draw tight, press together. See <u>Strain</u>, and cf.
<u>Distress</u>, <u>District</u>, <u>Distraint</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To press heavily upon; to bear down upon with
violence; hence, to constrain or compel; to bind; to distress,
torment, or afflict.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Distrained</i> with chains."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rend; to tear.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Neither guile nor force might it [a net]
<i>distrain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To seize,
as a pledge or indemnification; to take possession of as security for
nonpayment of rent, the reparation of an injury done, etc.; to take
by distress; as, to <i>distrain</i> goods for rent, or of an
amercement.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To subject to distress; to
coerce; as, to <i>distrain</i> a person by his goods and
chattels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*train"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To levy a
distress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon whom I can <i>distrain</i> for debt.</blockquote>
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*train"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being, or liable to be, distrained.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*train"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Distrainor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*train"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who distrains; the party distraining goods or
chattels.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*traint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>destrainte</i> distress, force.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act or
proceeding of seizing personal property by distress.</def>
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dis`trait"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Distract</u>.] <def>Absent-minded; lost in thought;
abstracted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*traught"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>distract</i>, <i>distrauht</i>. See <u>Distract</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Torn asunder;
separated.</def> [Obs.] "His greedy throat . . . <i>distraught</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Distracted; perplexed.</def>
"<i>Distraught</i> twixt fear and pity."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As if thou wert <i>distraught</i> and mad with
terror.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To doubt betwixt our senses and our souls<BR>
Which are the most <i>distraught</i> and full of pain.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*traught"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Distracted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tream"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> (intens.) + <i>stream</i>.] <def>To flow.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet o'er that virtuous blush <i>distreams</i> a
tear.</blockquote> <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tress"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>destresse</i>, <i>distresse</i>, OF. <i>destresse</i>,
<i>destrece</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;tresse</i>, OF. <i>destrecier</i> to
distress, (assumed) LL. <i>districtiare</i>, fr. L.
<i>districtus</i>, p. p. of <i>distringere</i>. See <u>Distrain</u>,
and cf. <u>Stress</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extreme pain or
suffering; anguish of body or mind; as, to suffer <i>distress</i>
from the gout, or from the loss of friends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not fearing death nor shrinking for
<i>distress</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which occasions suffering; painful
situation; misfortune; affliction; misery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Affliction's sons are brothers in
<i>distress</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A state of danger or necessity; as, a ship
in <i>distress</i>, from leaking, loss of spars, want of provisions
or water, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act
of distraining; the taking of a personal chattel out of the
possession of a wrongdoer, by way of pledge for redress of an injury,
or for the performance of a duty, as for nonpayment of rent or taxes,
or for injury done by cattle, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
thing taken by distraining; that which is seized to procure
satisfaction.</def>  <i>Bouvier. Kent. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If he were not paid, he would straight go and take a
<i>distress</i> of goods and cattle.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>distress</i> thus taken must be proportioned to
the thing distrained for.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Abuse of distress</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Abuse</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Affliction; suffering; pain; agony; misery;
torment; anguish; grief; sorrow; calamity; misfortune; trouble;
adversity. See <u>Affliction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tress"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Distressed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Distressing</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>destrecier</i>. See <u>Distress</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause pain or
anguish to; to pain; to oppress with calamity; to afflict; to harass;
to make miserable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are troubled on every side, yet not
<i>distressed</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. iv. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To compel by pain or suffering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men who can neither be <i>distressed</i> nor won into
a sacrifice of duty.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To seize for debt; to
distrain.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To pain; grieve; harass; trouble; perplex; afflict;
worry; annoy.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*tress"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
being distressed or greatly pained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tress"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
distress; causing, indicating, or attended with, distress; as, a
<i>distressful</i> situation.</def> "Some <i>distressful</i> stroke."
<i>Shak.</i> "<i>Distressful</i> cries." <i>Pope.</i> --
<wf>Dis*tress"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 436 !></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tress"ing</hw> (d&ibreve;s*tr&ebreve;s"&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing distress; painful;
unpleasant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tress"ing</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
distressing manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trib"u*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being distributed.</def>  <i>Sir W. Jones.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trib"u*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to distribute or be distributed; that distributes;
distributive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trib"ute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Distributed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Distributing</u>.] [L. <i>distributus</i>, p. p. of
<i>distribuere</i> to divide, distribute; <i>dis-</i> +
<i>tribuere</i> to assign, give, allot. See <u>Tribute</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide among several or many; to deal out;
to apportion; to allot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She did <i>distribute</i> her goods to all them that
were nearest of kindred.</blockquote> <i>Judith xvi. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dispense; to administer; as, to
<i>distribute</i> justice.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To divide or separate, as into classes,
orders, kinds, or species; to classify; to assort, as specimens,
letters, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Printing)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
separate (type which has been used) and return it to the proper boxes
in the cases.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To spread (ink) evenly,
as upon a roller or a table.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>To employ (a term) in its
whole extent; to take as universal in one premise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A term is said to be <i>distributed</i> when it is
taken universal, so as to stand for everything it is capable of being
applied to.</blockquote> <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dispense; deal out; apportion; allot; share;
assign; divide.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*trib"ute</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
distribution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Distributing</i> to the necessity of
saints.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xii. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trib"u*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, distributes or deals out anything; a dispenser.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trib"u*ting</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
distributes; dealing out.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Distributing past office</b></col>, <cd>an office where
the mails for a large district are collected to be assorted according
to their destination and forwarded.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis`tri*bu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>distributio</i>: cf. F. <i>distribution</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of distributing or dispensing; the act of dividing or
apportioning among several or many; apportionment; as, the
<i>distribution</i> of an estate among heirs or children.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The phenomena of geological <i>distribution</i> are
exactly analogous to those of geography.</blockquote> <i>A. R.
Wallace.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Separation into parts or classes;
arrangement of anything into parts; disposition;
classification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is distributed.</def> "Our
charitable <i>distributions</i>."  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A resolving a whole into
its parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The sorting of types and
placing them in their proper boxes in the cases.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>The steps or
operations by which steam is supplied to and withdrawn from the
cylinder at each stroke of the piston; viz., admission, suppression
or cutting off, release or exhaust, and compression of exhaust steam
prior to the next admission.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Geographical distribution</b></col>, <cd>the natural
arrangements of animals and plants in particular regions or
districts.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Apportionments; allotment; dispensation; disposal;
dispersion; classification; arrangement.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`tri*bu"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to distribution.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`tri*bu"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
distributer.</def> [R.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trib"u*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>distributif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending to distribute;
serving to divide and assign in portions; dealing to each his proper
share.</def> "<i>Distributive</i> justice."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Assigning the species of a
general term.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Expressing separation;
denoting a taking singly, not collectively; as, a <i>distributive</i>
adjective or pronoun, such as <i>each</i>, <i>either</i>,
<i>every</i>; a <i>distributive</i> numeral, as (Latin) <i>bini</i>
(two by two).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Distributive operation</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>any
operation which either consists of two or more parts, or works upon
two or more things, and which is such that the result of the total
operation is the same as the aggregated result of the two or more
partial operations. Ordinary multiplication is <i>distributive</i>,
since <i>a &times; (b + c) = ab + ac</i>, and <i>(a + b) &times; c =
ac + bc</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Distributive proportion</b></col>.
<i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See <u>Fellowship</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trib"u*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>A distributive adjective or pronoun; also, a distributive
numeral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trib"u*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
distribution; singly; not collectively; in a distributive
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trib"u*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality
of being distributive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis"trict</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>districtus</i>, p. p.] <def>Rigorous; stringent; harsh.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Punishing with the rod of <i>district</i>
severity.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"trict</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>districtus</i>
district, fr. L. <i>districtus</i>, p. p. of <i>distringere</i>: cf.
F. <i>district</i>. See <u>Distrain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>The territory within which the lord has the
power of coercing and punishing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A division of territory; a defined portion
of a state, town, or city, etc., made for administrative, electoral,
or other purposes; as, a congressional <i>district</i>, judicial
<i>district</i>, land <i>district</i>, school <i>district</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To exercise exclusive legislation . . . over such
<i>district</i> not exceeding ten miles square.</blockquote> <i>The
Constitution of the United States.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any portion of territory of undefined
extent; a region; a country; a tract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>districts</i> which between the tropics
lie.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Congressional district</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Congressional</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>District attorney</b></col>,
<cd>the prosecuting officer of a district or district court.</cd> --
<col><b>District court</b></col>, <cd>a subordinate municipal, state,
or United States tribunal, having jurisdiction in certain cases
within a judicial district.</cd> -- <col><b>District judge</b></col>,
<cd>one who presides over a district court.</cd> -- <col><b>District
school</b></col>, <cd>a public school for the children within a
school district.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Division; circuit; quarter; province; tract;
region; country.</p>

<p><hw>Dis"trict</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Districted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Districting</u>.] <def>To divide into districts or limited
portions of territory; as, legislatures <i>district</i> States for
the choice of representatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tric"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>districtio</i> a stretching out.] <def>Sudden display; flash;
glitter.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A smile . . . breaks out with the brightest
<i>distriction</i>.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"trict*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Strictly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dis*trin"gas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., that you
distrain, fr. <i>distringere</i>. See <u>Distrain</u>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A writ commanding the sheriff to distrain a person by his goods
or chattels, to compel a compliance with something required of
him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trou"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> (intens.) + <i>trouble</i>.] <def>To trouble.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Distrusted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Distrusting</u>.] [Cf. <u>Mistrust</u>.] <def>To feel absence of
trust in; not to confide in or rely upon; to deem of questionable
sufficiency or reality; to doubt; to be suspicious of; to
mistrust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>distrusting</i> my health.</blockquote> <i>2
Mac. ix. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>distrust</i> the justice of your
cause.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that requireth the oath doth <i>distrust</i> that
other.</blockquote> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of all afraid,<BR>
<i>Distrusting</i> all, a wise, suspicious maid.</blockquote>
<i>Collins.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Mistrust</i> has been almost wholly driven out by
<i>distrust</i>.  <i>T. L. K. Oliphant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trust"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Doubt of sufficiency, reality, or sincerity; want of confidence,
faith, or reliance; as, <i>distrust</i> of one's power, authority,
will, purposes, schemes, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suspicion of evil designs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alienation and <i>distrust</i> . . . are the growth of
false principles.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>State of being suspected; loss of
trust.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trust"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
distrusts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trust"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not confident; diffident; wanting confidence
or thrust; modest; as, <i>distrustful</i> of ourselves, of one's
powers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Distrustful</i> sense with modest caution
speaks.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apt to distrust; suspicious;
mistrustful.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dis*trust"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dis*trust"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trust"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That distrusts;
suspicious; lacking confidence in.</def> --
<wf>Dis*trust"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trust"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
distrust.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*tune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put out of
tune.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*turb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Disturbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disturbing</u>.] [OE. <i>desturben</i>, <i>destourben</i>, OF.
<i>destorber</i>, <i>desturber</i>, <i>destourber</i>, fr. L.
<i>disturbare</i>, <i>disturbatum</i>; <i>dis-</i> + <i>turbare</i>
to disturb, trouble, <i>turba</i> disorder, tumult, crowd. See
<u>Turbid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw into disorder or
confusion; to derange; to interrupt the settled state of; to excite
from a state of rest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Preparing to <i>disturb</i><BR>
With all-cofounding war the realms above.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bellow's noise <i>disturbed</i> his quiet
rest.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The utmost which the discontented colonies could do,
was to <i>disturb</i> authority.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To agitate the mind of; to deprive of
tranquillity; to disquiet; to render uneasy; as, a person is
<i>disturbed</i> by receiving an insult, or his mind is
<i>disturbed</i> by envy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To turn from a regular or designed
course.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>disturb</i><BR>
His inmost counsels from their destined aim.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disorder; disquiet; agitate; discompose; molest;
perplex; trouble; incommode; ruffle.</p>

<p><hw>Dis*turb"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disturbance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*turb"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>destorbance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An interruption of a
state of peace or quiet; derangement of the regular course of things;
disquiet; disorder; as, a <i>disturbance</i> of religious exercises;
a <i>disturbance</i> of the galvanic current.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Confusion of the mind; agitation of the
feelings; perplexity; uneasiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any man . . . in a state of <i>disturbance</i> and
irritation.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Violent agitation in the body politic;
public commotion; tumult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>disturbance</i> was made to support a general
accusation against the province.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The hindering or disquieting
of a person in the lawful and peaceable enjoyment of his right; the
interruption of a right; as, the <i>disturbance</i> of a franchise,
of common, of ways, and the like.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tumult; brawl; commotion; turmoil; uproar; hubbub;
disorder; derangement; confusion; agitation; perturbation;
annoyance.</p>

<p><hw>Dis`tur*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>disturbatio</i>.] <def>Act of disturbing; disturbance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*turb"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>destorbeor</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which,
disturbs of disquiets; a violator of peace; a troubler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A needless <i>disturber</i> of the peace of God's
church and an author of dissension.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who interrupts or
incommodes another in the peaceable enjoyment of his right.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*turn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>destourner</i>, F. <i>d&eacute;tourner</i>. See <u>Detour</u>.]
<def>To turn aside.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis"tyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk> =
<grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; pillar: cf. F. <i>distyle</i>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having two columns in front; -- said of a temple,
portico, or the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Distyle in antis</b></col>, <cd>having columns between two
ant&aelig;. See <u>Anta</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*sul"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>sulphate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A salt of
disulphuric or pyrosulphuric acid; a pyrosulphate.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An acid salt of sulphuric acid, having only
one equivalent of base to two of the acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*sul"phide</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-
</i> + <i>sulphide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A binary compound of
sulphur containing two atoms of sulphur in each molecule; -- formerly
called <i>disulphuret</i>.  Cf. <u>Bisulphide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*sul"phu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-
</i> + <i>sulphuret</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Disulphide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`sul*phu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-
</i> + <i>sulphuric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Applied to an acid
having in each molecule two atoms of sulphur in the higher state of
oxidation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Disulphuric acid</b></col>, <cd>a thick oily liquid,
H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, called also <i>Nordhausen
acid</i> (from <i>Nordhausen</i> in the Harts, where it was
originally manufactured), <i>fuming sulphuric acid</i>, and
especially <i>pyrosulphuric acid</i>. See under
<u>Pyrosulphuric</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*u"ni*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
uniform.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*un"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i> +
<i>union</i>: cf. F. <i>d&eacute;sunion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The termination of union; separation; disjunction; as, the
<i>disunion</i> of the body and the soul.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A breach of concord and its effect;
alienation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a <i>disunion</i> between the two houses as might
much clou&?; the happiness of this kingdom.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The termination or disruption of the union
of the States forming the United States.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not accustomed myself to hang over the
precipice of <i>disunion</i>.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*un"ion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate of
disunion, specifically, of disunion of the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`u*nite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disunited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Disuniting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the union of;
to divide; to part; to sever; to disjoin; to sunder; to separate; as,
to <i>disunite</i> particles of matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To alienate in spirit; to break the
concord of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go on both in hand, O nations, never be
<i>disunited</i>, be the praise . . . of all posterity!</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`u*nite"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To part; to
fall asunder; to become separated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The joints of the body politic do separate and
<i>disunite</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`u*nit"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, disjoins or causes disunion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*u"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
separation or disunion; want of unity.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*us"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gradual
cessation of use or custom; neglect of use; disuse.</def> [R.]
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*use"</hw> (?; see <u>Dis-</u>), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Disused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Disusing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cease
to use; to discontinue the practice of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disaccustom; -- with <i>to</i> or
<i>from</i>; as, <i>disused</i> to toil.</def> "<i>Disuse</i> me from
. . . pain."  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*use"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cessation of use,
practice, or exercise; inusitation; desuetude; as, the limbs lose
their strength by <i>disuse</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>disuse</i> of the tongue in the only . . .
remedy.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Church discipline then fell into
<i>disuse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*u"til*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of utility; to render useless.</def> [R.]  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*val`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disesteem; depreciation; disrepute.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*val"ue</hw> (?; see <u>Dis-</u>), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To undervalue; to depreciate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*val"ue</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disesteem;
disregard.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis`van*ta"geous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-
</i> + <i>vantage</i>.] <def>Disadvantageous.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Disadvantageous</i> ground."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*vel"op</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
develop.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*ven"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
disadventure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*vouch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
discredit; to contradict.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*warn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dis-</i>
(intens.) + <i>warn</i>.] <def>To dissuade from by previous
warning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dis*wit"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deprived of
wits or understanding; distracted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*wont"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive of
wonted usage; to disaccustom.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*work"man*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bad
workmanship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*wor"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To refuse
to worship; to treat as unworthy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*wor"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A deprivation of
honor; a cause of disgrace; a discredit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*worth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of worth; to degrade.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dis*yoke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To unyoke; to
free from a yoke; to disjoin.</def> [Poetic]  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<u>Ditty</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A word; a decree.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ditty; a song.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>dyttan</i>, akin to
Icel. <i>ditta</i>.] <def>To close up.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ditare</i> to
enrich, fr. <i>dis</i>, <i>ditis</i>, same as <i>dives</i>, rich.]
<def>The act of making rich; enrichment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ditch</hw> (?; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ditches</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>dich</i>, orig. the same word
as <i>dik</i>. See <u>Dike</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A trench
made in the earth by digging, particularly a trench for draining wet
land, for guarding or fencing inclosures, or for preventing an
approach to a town or fortress. In the latter sense, it is called
also a <i>moat</i> or a <i>fosse</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any long, narrow receptacle for water on
the surface of the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ditch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ditched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ditching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dig a ditch or ditches
in; to drain by a ditch or ditches; as, to <i>ditch</i> moist
land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To surround with a ditch.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw into a ditch; as, the engine was
<i>ditched</i> and turned on its side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ditch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dig a ditch or
ditches.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ditch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who digs
ditches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Dight</u>.]
<def>To prepare for action or use; to make ready; to dight.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His hideous club aloft he <i>dites</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ter"e*bene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>terebene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Colophene</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di*the"cal</hw> (?), <hw>Di*the"cous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> + <i>theca</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having two thec&aelig;, cells, or compartments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"the*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
<i>theism</i>: cf. F. <i>dith&eacute;isme</i>.] <def>The doctrine of
those who maintain the existence of two gods or of two original
principles (as in Manicheism), one good and one evil;
dualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"the*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds the
doctrine of ditheism; a dualist.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di`the*is"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Di`the*is"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to ditheism;
dualistic.</def></p>

<p><! p. 437 !></p>

<p><hw>Di`thi*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i>
+ <i>-thionic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing two equivalents of
sulphur; as, <i>dithionic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dithionic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an unstable
substance, H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, known only in its
solutions, and in certain well-defined salts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dith"y*ramb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dithyrambus</i>, Gr. &?; a kind of lyric poetry in honor of
Bacchus; also, a name of Bacchus; of unknown origin: cf. F.
<i>dithyrambe</i>.] <def>A kind of lyric poetry in honor of Bacchus,
usually sung by a band of revelers to a flute accompaniment; hence,
in general, a poem written in a wild irregular strain.</def>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dith`y*ram"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dithyrambicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>dithyrambique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a dithyramb; wild and
boisterous.</def> "<i>Dithyrambic</i> sallies." <i>Longfellow.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dithyrambic poem; a dithyramb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dith`y*ram"bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Dithyramb</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ditio</i>,
<i>dicio</i>: cf. F. <i>dition</i>.] <def>Dominion; rule.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Under rule;
subject; tributary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"tion*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subject; a
tributary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Eden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"to*kous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>di-</grk>
= <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; a bringing forth, offspring.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having two kinds of
young, as certain annelids.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Producing
only two eggs for a clutch, as certain birds do.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*tol"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
<i>tolyl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline, aromatic
hydrocarbon, C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>14</sub>, consisting of two radicals
or residues of toluene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"tone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of two tones;
<grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice + &?; tone.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The Greek major third, which comprehend two major tones (the
modern major third contains one major and one minor whole
tone).</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`tri*chot"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>di-</i> + <i>trichotomous</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Divided
into twos or threes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Dividing into double or
treble ramifications; -- said of a leaf or stem.</def> [R.]
<i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`tro*che"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Pros.)</i>
<def>Containing two trochees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*tro"chee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ditrochaeus</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>di-</grk> = <grk>di`s-</grk> twice
+ &?; trochee.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A double trochee; a foot made up
of two trochees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dit"ro*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from
<i>Ditro</i> in Transylvania.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An igneous rock
composed of orthoclase, el&aelig;olite, and sodalite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ditt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Dit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dit*tan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dittany</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of peppergrass
(<i>Lepidium latifolium</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Dit"ta*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dytane</i>,
<i>detane</i>, <i>dytan</i>, OF. <i>ditain</i>, F. <i>dictame</i>, L.
<i>dictamnum</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>di`ktamnon</grk> ,
<grk>di`ktamnos</grk>, a plant growing in abundance on Mount
<i>Dicte</i> in Crete.  Cf. <u>Dittander</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plant of the Mint family (<i>Origanum
Dictamnus</i>), a native of Crete.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
<i>Dictamnus Fraxinella</i>. See <u>Dictamnus</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In America, the <i>Cunila Mariana</i>, a
fragrant herb of the Mint family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dit"tied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Ditty</u>.]
<def>Set, sung, or composed as a ditty; -- usually in
composition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who, with his soft pipe, and smooth-<i>dittied</i>
song.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dit"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dittos</b></plw> (&?;). [It., <i>detto</i>, <i>ditto</i>, fr.
L. <i>dictum</i>. See <u>Dictum</u>.] <def>The aforesaid thing; the
same (as before). Often contracted to <i>do</i>., or to two "turned
commas" ("), or small marks. Used in bills, books of account, tables
of names, etc., to save repetition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A spacious table in the center, and a variety of
smaller <i>dittos</i> in the corners.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dit"to</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As before, or
aforesaid; in the same manner; also.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dit*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dittologi`a</grk>. Attic form of <grk>dissologi`a</grk>
repetition of words: &?; twofold + &?; to speak.] <def>A double
reading, or twofold interpretation, as of a Scripture text.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dit"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ditties</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>dite</i>, OF.
<i>diti&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>dictatum</i>, p. p. neut. of
<i>dictare</i> to say often, dictate, compose. See <u>Dictate</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A saying or
utterance; especially, one that is short and frequently repeated; a
theme.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, too high <i>ditty</i> for my simple
rhyme.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A song; a lay; a little poem intended to
be sung.</def> "Religious, martial, or civil <i>ditties</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And to the warbling lute soft <i>ditties</i>
sing.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dit"ty</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sing; to warble a
little tune.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beasts fain would sing; birds <i>ditty</i> to their
notes.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dit"ty-bag`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sailor's small
bag to hold thread, needles, tape, etc.; -- also called <i>sailor's
housewife</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dit"ty-box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small box to
hold a sailor's thread, needless, comb, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*u"re*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Di-</i> +
<i>ureide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a series of complex
nitrogenous substances regarded as containing two molecules of urea
or their radicals, as uric acid or allantoin.  Cf.
<u>Ureide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`u*re"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Diuretic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Free excretion of
urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`u*ret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diureticus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to make water; &?; through + &?;
to make water, fr. &?; urine: cf. F. <i>diur&eacute;tique</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Tending to increase the secretion and discharge of
urine.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine with diuretic
properties.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diuretic salt</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>potassium
acetate; -- so called because of its diuretic properties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di`u*ret"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Diuretic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`u*ret"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being diuretical; diuretic property.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*ur"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>diurnus</i> belonging to the day.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of <i>Lepidoptera</i>, including the butterflies; -- so
called because they fly only in the daytime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ur"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>diurnalis</i>,
fr. <i>dies</i> day. See <u>Deity</u>, and cf. <u>Journal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the daytime; belonging to the
period of daylight, distinguished from the night; -- opposed to
<i>nocturnal</i>; as, <i>diurnal</i> heat; <i>diurnal</i>
hours.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Daily; recurring every day; performed in a
day; going through its changes in a day; constituting the measure of
a day; as, a <i>diurnal</i> fever; a <i>diurnal</i> task;
<i>diurnal</i> aberration, or <i>diurnal</i> parallax; the
<i>diurnal</i> revolution of the earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere twice the horses of the sun shall bring<BR>
Their fiery torcher his <i>diurnal</i> ring.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Opening during the day, and
closing at night; -- said of flowers or leaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Active by day; --
applied especially to the eagles and hawks among raptorial birds, and
to butterflies (Diurna) among insects.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diurnal aberration</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
aberration of light arising from the effect of the earth's rotation
upon the apparent direction of motion of light.</cd> --
<col><b>Diurnal arc</b></col>, <cd>the arc described by the sun
during the daytime or while above the horizon; hence, the arc
described by the moon or a star from rising to setting.</cd> --
<col><b>Diurnal circle</b></col>, <cd>the apparent circle described
by a celestial body in consequence of the earth's rotation.</cd> --
<col><b>Diurnal motion of the earth</b></col>, <cd>the motion of the
earth upon its axis which is described in twenty-four hours.</cd> --
<col><b>Diurnal motion of a heavenly body</b></col>, <cd>that
apparent motion of the heavenly body which is due to the earth's
diurnal motion.</cd> -- <col><b>Diurnal parallax</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Parallax</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Diurnal revolution of a
planet</b></col>, <cd>the motion of the planet upon its own axis
which constitutes one complete revolution.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Daily</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Di*ur"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>diurnal</i> a prayerbook. See <u>Diurnal</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A daybook; a
journal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A small volume
containing the daily service for the "little hours," viz., prime,
tierce, sext, nones, vespers, and compline.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A diurnal bird or
insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ur"nal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
journalist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ur"nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Daily; every
day.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ur"nal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being diurnal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`ur*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Continuance during the day.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The condition of
sleeping or becoming dormant by day, as is the case of the
bats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`u*tur"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diuturnus</i>, fr. <i>diu</i> a long time, by day; akin to
<i>dies</i> day.] <def>Of long continuance; lasting.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`u*tur"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diuturnitas</i>.] <def>Long duration; lastingness.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`va*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>divagari</i> to wander about; <i>di-</i> = <i>dis-</i> +
<i>vagari</i> to stroll about: cf. F. <i>divagation</i>. See
<u>Vagary</u>.] <def>A wandering about or going astray;
digression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us be set down at Queen's Crawley without further
<i>divagation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Div"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> +
L. <i>valens</i>, <i>valentis</i>, p. pr. See <u>Valence</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having two units of combining power; bivalent.
Cf. <u>Valence</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*van"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>d&imacr;w&amacr;n</i> a book of many leaves, an account book, a
collection of books, a senate, council: cf. Ar. <i>daiw&amacr;n</i>,
F. <i>divan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A book; esp., a collection
of poems written by one author; as, the <i>divan</i> of Hafiz.</def>
[Persia]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In Turkey and other Oriental countries: A
council of state; a royal court. Also used by the poets for a grand
deliberative council or assembly.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A chief officer of state.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A saloon or hall where a council is held,
in Oriental countries, the state reception room in places, and in the
houses of the richer citizens. Cushions on the floor or on benches
are ranged round the room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A cushioned seat, or a large, low sofa or
couch; especially, one fixed to its place, and not movable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A coffee and smoking saloon.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*var"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Divaricated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Divaricating</u>.] [L. <i>divaricatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>divaricare</i> to stretch apart; <i>di-</i> = <i>dis-</i> +
<i>varicare</i> to straddle, fr. <i>varicus</i> straddling, fr.
<i>varus</i> stretched outwards.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To part
into two branches; to become bifid; to fork.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To diverge; to be divaricate.</def>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*var"i*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To divide
into two branches; to cause to branch apart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*var"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>divaricatus</i>, p. p.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Diverging;
spreading asunder; widely diverging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Forking and diverging;
widely diverging; as the branches of a tree, or as lines of
sculpture, or color markings on animals, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*var"i*cate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
divarication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*var`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>divarication</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A separation into two
parts or branches; a forking; a divergence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ambiguity of meaning; a disagreement of
difference in opinion.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A divergence of lines of
color sculpture, or of fibers at different angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*var`i*ca"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the muscles which open the shell of
brachiopods; a cardinal muscle. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Brachiopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Devastated; laid
waste.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dive</hw> (d&imacr;v), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dived</u> (d&imacr;vd), <i>colloq</i>. <u>Dove</u>
(d&omacr;v), a relic of the AS. strong forms <i>de&aacute;f</i>,
<i>dofen</i>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Diving</u>.] [OE.
<i>diven</i>, <i>duven</i>, AS. <i>d&ymacr;fan</i> to sink, v. t.,
fr. <i>d&umacr;fan</i>, v. i.; akin to Icel. <i>d&ymacr;fa</i>, G.
<i>taufen</i>, E. <i>dip</i>, <i>deep</i>, and perh. to <i>dove</i>,
<i>n.</i> Cf. <u>Dip</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To plunge into
water head foremost; to thrust the body under, or deeply into, water
or other fluid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not that pearls fetch a high price because men
have <i>dived</i> for them.</blockquote> <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The colloquial form <i>dove</i> is common in the United
States as an imperfect tense form.</p>

<p><blockquote>All [the walruses] <i>dove</i> down with a tremendous
splash.</blockquote> <i>Dr. Hayes.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When closely pressed it [the loon] <i>dove</i> . . .
and left the young bird sitting in the water.</blockquote> <i>J.
Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To plunge or to go deeply into any
subject, question, business, etc.; to penetrate; to explore.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To plunge (a person or thing) into water; to dip; to duck.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To explore by diving; to plunge
into.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Curtii bravely <i>dived</i> the gulf of
fame.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>dives</i> the hollow, climbs the
steeps.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
plunge headforemost into water, the act of one who dives, literally
or figuratively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of low resort; a dispreputable bar
or nightclub; a dingy hotel; a joint.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>The music halls and <i>dives</i> in the lower part of
the city.</blockquote> <i>J. Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dive"dap`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dive</u>,
<u>Didapper</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A water fowl; the
didapper. See <u>Dabchick</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>divellere</i>; <i>dit-</i> = <i>dis-</i> + <i>vellere</i> to
pluck.] <def>To rend apart.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vel"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>divellens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Drawing asunder.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*vel"li*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>di-
</i> = <i>vellicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>vellicare</i> to pluck, fr.
<i>vellere</i> to pull.] <def>To pull in pieces.</def> [Obs. or
R.]</p>

<p><hw>Div"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, dives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Divers</i> and fishers for pearls.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: One who goes deeply into a subject,
study, or business.</def> "A <i>diver</i> into causes."  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird of certain
genera, as <i>Urinator</i> (formerly <i>Colymbus</i>), or the allied
genus <i>Colymbus</i>, or <i>Podiceps</i>, remarkable for their
agility in diving.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The northern diver (<i>Urinator imber</i>) is the loon; the
black diver or velvet scoter (<i>Oidemia fusca</i>) is a sea duck.
See <u>Loon</u>, and <u>Scoter</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Di"verb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>diverbium</i>
the colloquial part of a comedy, dialogue; <i>di- = dis-</i> +
<i>verbum</i> word.] <def>A saying in which two members of the
sentence are contrasted; an antithetical proverb.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Italy, a paradise for horses, a hell for women, as the
<i>diverb</i> goes.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"ber*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diverberatus</i>, p. p. of <i>diverberare</i> to strike asunder;
<i>di-</i> = <i>dis-</i> + <i>verberare</i>. See <u>Verberate</u>.]
<def>To strike or sound through.</def> [R.]  <i>Davies (Holy
Roode).</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver`ber*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sounding through.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*verge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Diverged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Diverging</u>.] [L. <i>di-</i> = <i>dis-</i> + <i>vergere</i> to
bend, incline. See <u>Verge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To extend
from a common point in different directions; to tend from one point
and recede from each other; to tend to spread apart; to turn aside or
deviate (as from a given direction); -- opposed to <i>converge</i>;
as, rays of light <i>diverge</i> as they proceed from the
sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To differ from a typical form; to vary
from a normal condition; to dissent from a creed or position
generally held or taken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*verge"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Divergence.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Di*ver"gence</hw> (?), <hw>Di*ver"gen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>divergence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A receding from each other in moving from a common center; the
state of being divergent; as, an angle is made by the
<i>divergence</i> of straight lines.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rays come to the eye in a state of
<i>divergency</i>.</blockquote> <i>&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disagreement; difference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Related with some <i>divergence</i> by other
writers.</blockquote> <i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>divergent</i>. See <u>Diverge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Receding farther and farther from each other, as lines radiating
from one point; deviating gradually from a given direction; --
opposed to <i>convergent</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Optics)</i> <def>Causing divergence of
rays; as, a <i>divergent</i> lens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Disagreeing from something given;
differing; as, a <i>divergent</i> statement.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Divergent series</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Diverging series</i>, under <u>Diverging</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"ging</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending in
different directions from a common center; spreading apart;
divergent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diverging series</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a series
whose terms are larger as the series is extended; a series the sum of
whose terms does not approach a finite limit when the series is
extended indefinitely; -- opposed to a <i>converging
series</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"ging*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
diverging manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"vers</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>divers</i>, L.
<i>diversus</i> turned in different directions, different, p. p. of
<i>divertere</i>. See <u>Divert</u>, and cf. <u>Diverse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Different in kind or species; diverse.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every sect of them hath a <i>divers</i>
posture.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not sow thy vineyard with <i>divers</i>
seeds.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Several; sundry; various; more than one,
but not a great number; as, <i>divers</i> philosophers. Also used
substantively or pronominally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Divers</i> of Antonio's creditors.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Divers</i> is now limited to the plural; as, <i>divers
ways</i> (not <i>divers way</i>). Besides plurality it ordinarily
implies variety of kind.</p>

<p><hw>Di"verse</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [The same word as
<i>divers</i>. See <u>Divers</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Different;
unlike; dissimilar; distinct; separate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word . . . is used in a sense very <i>diverse</i>
from its original import.</blockquote> <i>J. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our roads are <i>diverse</i>: farewell, love! said
she.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of various forms;
multiform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eloquence is a great and <i>diverse</i>
thing.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*verse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In different
directions; diversely.</def></p>

<p><! p. 438 !></p>

<p><hw>di*verse"</hw> (d&ibreve;*v&etilde;rs"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To turn aside.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The redcross knight <i>diverst</i>, but forth rode
Britomart.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"verse*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In different ways; differently;
variously.</def> "<i>Diversely</i> interpreted."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>diversely</i> love doth his pageants
play.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In different directions; to different
points.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On life's vast ocean <i>diversely</i> we
sail.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*verse"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being diverse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver`si*fi`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or capacity of being diversifiable.</def>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"si*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being diversified or varied.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver`si*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Diversify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of making various,
or of changing form or quality.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State of diversity or variation;
variegation; modification; change; alternation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Infinite <i>diversifications</i> of tints may be
produced.</blockquote> <i>Adventurer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"si*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Distinguished by various forms, or by a variety of aspects or
objects; variegated; as, <i>diversified</i> scenery or
landscape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"si*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, diversifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"si*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diversus</i> diverse + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Of a different form; of
varied forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"si*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Diversified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Diversifying</u>.] [F. <i>diversifier</i>, LL.
<i>diversificare</i>, fr. L. <i>diversus</i> diverse + <i>ficare</i>
(in comp.), akin to <i>facere</i> to make. See <u>Diverse</u>.]
<def>To make diverse or various in form or quality; to give variety
to; to variegate; to distinguish by numerous differences or
aspects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Separated and <i>diversified</i> on from
another.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Its seven colors, that <i>diversify</i> all the face
of nature.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di`ver*sil"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diversus</i> diverse + <i>loquens</i>, p. pr. of <i>loqui</i> to
speak.] <def>Speaking in different ways.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>diversion</i>. See <u>Divert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of turning aside from any course, occupation, or object; as, the
<i>diversion</i> of a stream from its channel; <i>diversion</i> of
the mind from business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which diverts; that which turns or
draws the mind from care or study, and thus relaxes and amuses;
sport; play; pastime; as, the <i>diversions</i> of youth.</def>
"Public <i>diversions</i>."  <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such productions of wit and humor as expose vice and
folly, furnish useful <i>diversion</i> to readers.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The act of drawing the
attention and force of an enemy from the point where the principal
attack is to be made; the attack, alarm, or feint which
diverts.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Amusement; entertainment; pastime; recreation;
sport; game; play; solace; merriment.</p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Diversities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>diversit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>diversitas</i>, fr. <i>diversus</i>. See <u>Diverse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state of difference; dissimilitude;
unlikeness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They will prove opposite; and not resting in a bare
<i>diversity</i>, rise into a contrariety.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Multiplicity of difference; multiformity;
variety.</def> "<i>Diversity</i> of sounds." <i>Shak.</i>
"<i>Diversities</i> of opinion."  <i>Secker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Variegation.</def> "Bright
<i>diversities</i> of day."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Variety</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Di`ver*siv"o*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diversus</i> diverse + <i>volens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>velle</i> to wish.] <def>Desiring different things.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Webster (White Devil).</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving or
tending to divert; also, distinguishing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"so*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diversorium</i>, <i>deversorium</i>, an inn or lodging.] <def>A
wayside inn.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Diverted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Diverting</u>.] [F. <i>divertir</i>, fr. L. <i>divertere</i>,
<i>diversum</i>, to go different ways, turn aside; <i>di- = dis-</i>
+ <i>vertere</i> to turn. See <u>Verse</u>, and cf. <u>Divorce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn aside; to turn off from any course or
intended application; to deflect; as, to <i>divert</i> a river from
its channel; to <i>divert</i> commerce from its usual
course.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That crude apple that <i>diverted</i>
Eve.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn away from any occupation,
business, or study; to cause to have lively and agreeable sensations;
to amuse; to entertain; as, children are <i>diverted</i> with sports;
men are <i>diverted</i> with works of wit and humor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are amused by a tale, <i>diverted</i> by a
comedy.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To please; gratify; amuse; entertain; exhilarate;
delight; recreate. See <u>Amuse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Di*vert"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn aside; to
digress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>diverted</i> to see one of the prince's
palaces.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vert"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, diverts, turns off, or pleases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vert"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being diverted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ver"ti*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>diverticulum</i>, <i>deverticulum</i>, a bypath, fr.
<i>divertere</i> to turn away.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A turning; a
byway; a bypath.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A diverticulum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Div`er*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to a diverticulum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Div`er*tic"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Diverticula</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Diverticle</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A blind tube branching out of a longer
one.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*ver`ti*men"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ti</b></plw> (#). [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A light and
pleasing composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vert"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Amusing;
entertaining.</def> -- <wf>Di*vert"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Di*vert"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Di*vert"ise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>divertir</i>, p. pr. <i>divertissant</i>.] <def>To divert; to
entertain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vert"ise*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. the next
word.] <def>Diversion; amusement; recreation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Di`ver`tisse`ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A short ballet, or other entertainment, between the acts of a
play.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vert"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Divert</u>.] <def>Tending to divert; diverting; amusing;
interesting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Things of a pleasant and <i>divertive</i>
nature.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di"ves</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., rich.] <def>The
name popularly given to the rich man in our Lord's parable of the
"Rich Man and Lazarus" (<i>Luke xvi. 19-31</i>). Hence, a name for a
rich worldling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Divested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Divesting</u>.] [LL. <i>divestire</i> (<i>di-</i> = <i>dis-</i> +
L. <i>vestire</i> to dress), equiv. to L. <i>devestire</i>. It is the
same word as <i>devest</i>, but the latter is rarely used except as a
technical term in law. See <u>Devest</u>, <u>Vest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unclothe; to strip, as of clothes, arms,
or equipage; -- opposed to <i>invest</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To strip; to deprive; to dispossess;
as, to <i>divest</i> one of his rights or privileges; to
<i>divest</i> one's self of prejudices, passions, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wretches <i>divested</i> of every moral
feeling.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tendency of the language to <i>divest</i> itself
of its gutturals.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>See <u>Devest</u>.</def>
<i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vest"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being divested.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vest"i*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of stripping, or depriving; the state of being divested; the
deprivation, or surrender, of possession of property, rights,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vest"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
divesting.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*ves"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Divestiture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Div"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Divot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vid"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Divide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being divided;
divisible.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Divided; separated; parted.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vid"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Different;
distinct.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Divided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dividing</u>.] [L. <i>dividere</i>, <i>divisum</i>; <i>di- = dis-
</i> + root signifying <i>to part</i>; cf. Skr. <i>vyadh</i> to
pierce; perh. akin to L. <i>vidua</i> widow, and E. <i>widow</i>.
Cf. <u>Device</u>, <u>Devise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To part
asunder (a whole); to sever into two or more parts or pieces; to
sunder; to separate into parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Divide</i> the living child in two.</blockquote>
<i>1 Kings iii. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be separate; to keep apart by
a partition, or by an imaginary line or limit; as, a wall
<i>divides</i> two houses; a stream <i>divides</i> the
towns.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let it <i>divide</i> the waters from the
waters.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make partition of among a number; to
apportion, as profits of stock among proprietors; to give in shares;
to distribute; to mete out; to share.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>True justice unto people to
<i>divide</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall <i>divide</i> the land by lot.</blockquote>
<i>Num. xxxiii. 54.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To disunite in opinion or interest; to
make discordant or hostile; to set at variance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a kingdom be <i>divided</i> against itself, that
kingdom can not stand.</blockquote> <i>Mark iii. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every family became now <i>divided</i> within
itself.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To separate into two parts, in order to
ascertain the votes for and against a measure; as, to <i>divide</i> a
legislative house upon a question.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To subject to arithmetical
division.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>To separate into species; -
- said of a genus or generic term.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To mark divisions on; to
graduate; as, to <i>divide</i> a sextant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Music)</i> <def>To play or sing in a florid
style, or with variations.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To sever; dissever; sunder; cleave; disjoin;
disunite; detach; disconnect; part; distribute; share.</p>

<p><hw>Di*vide"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be separated; to part; to open; to go asunder.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Indo-Germanic family <i>divides</i> into three
groups.</blockquote> <i>J. Peile.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause separation; to
disunite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gulf, a strait, the sea intervening between islands,
<i>divide</i> less than the matted forest.</blockquote>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To break friendship; to fall out.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have a share; to partake.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To vote, as in the British Parliament, by
the members separating themselves into two parties (as on opposite
sides of the hall or in opposite lobbies), that is, the <i>ayes</i>
dividing from the <i>noes</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The emperors sat, voted, and <i>divided</i> with their
equals.</blockquote> <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vide"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dividing ridge of
land between the tributaries of two streams; a watershed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vid"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Parted; disunited; distributed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Cut into distinct parts, by
incisions which reach the midrib; -- said of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vid"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Separately; in
a divided manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Div"i*dend</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dividendum</i> thing to be divided, neut. of the gerundive of
<i>dividere</i>: cf. F. <i>dividende</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sum of money to be divided and distributed; the share of a sum
divided that falls to each individual; a distribute sum, share, or
percentage; -- applied to the profits as appropriated among
shareholders, and to assets as apportioned among creditors; as, the
<i>dividend</i> of a bank, a railway corporation, or a bankrupt
estate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A number or quantity which
is to be divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Div"i*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dividend;
share.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, divides; that which separates anything
into parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who deals out to each his
share.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who made me a judge or a <i>divider</i> over
you?</blockquote> <i>Luke xii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, causes
division.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hate is of all things the mightiest
<i>divider</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Money, the great <i>divider</i> of the
world.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An instrument for dividing
lines, describing circles, etc., compasses. See
<u>Compasses</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>dividers</i> is usually applied to the
instrument as made for the use of draughtsmen, etc.; <i>compasses</i>
to the coarser instrument used by carpenters.</p>

<p><hw>Di*vid"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That divides;
separating; marking divisions; graduating.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dividing engine</b></col>, <cd>a machine for graduating
circles (as for astronomical instruments) or bars (as for scales);
also, for spacing off and cutting teeth in wheels.</cd> --
<col><b>Dividing sinker</b></col>. <i>(Knitting Mach.)</i>. <cd>See
under <u>Sinker</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*vid"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
division.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di"vi-di"vi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small tree of tropical America
(<i>C&aelig;salpinia coriaria</i>), whose legumes contain a large
proportion of tannic and gallic acid, and are used by tanners and
dyers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vid"u*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dividuous</u>.] <def>Divided, shared, or participated in, in
common with others.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vid"u*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
dividing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*vid"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dividuus</i> divisible, divided, fr. <i>dividere</i>.]
<def>Divided; dividual.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He so often substantiates distinctions into
<i>dividuous</i>, selfsubsistent.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Div`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>divinatio</i>, fr. <i>divinare</i>, <i>divinatum</i>, to foresee,
foretell, fr. <i>divinus</i>: cf. F. <i>divination</i>. See
<u>Divine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of divining; a
foreseeing or foretelling of future events; the pretended art
discovering secret or future by preternatural means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There shall not be found among you any one that . . .
useth <i>divination</i>, or an observer of times, or an
enchanter.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xviii. 10.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Among the ancient heathen philosophers <i>natural</i>
divination was supposed to be effected by a divine afflatus;
<i>artificial</i> divination by certain rites, omens, or appearances,
as the flight of birds, entrails of animals, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An indication of what is future or secret;
augury omen; conjectural presage; prediction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Birds which do give a happy <i>divination</i> of
things to come.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Div"i*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Divination</u>.] <def>One who practices or pretends to divination;
a diviner.</def> [R.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vin"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>divinatoire</i>.] <def>Professing, or relating to,
divination.</def> "A natural <i>divinatory</i> instinct."
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Compar.
<u>Diviner</u> (&?;); <i>superl</i>. <u>Divinest</u>.] [F.
<i>divin</i>, L. <i>divinus</i> divine, divinely inspired, fr.
<i>divus</i>, <i>dius</i>, belonging to a deity; akin to Gr. &?;, and
L. <i>deus</i>, God. See <u>Deity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
belonging to God; as, <i>divine</i> perfections; the <i>divine</i>
will.</def> "The immensity of the <i>divine</i> nature."
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from God; as, <i>divine</i>
judgments.</def> "<i>Divine</i> protection."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appropriated to God, or celebrating his
praise; religious; pious; holy; as, <i>divine</i> service;
<i>divine</i> songs; <i>divine</i> worship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or proceeding from, a
deity; partaking of the nature of a god or the gods.</def> "The
<i>divine</i> Apollo said."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Godlike; heavenly; excellent in the
highest degree; supremely admirable; apparently above what is human.
In this application, the word admits of comparison; as, the
<i>divinest</i> mind. <i>Sir J</i>. <i>Davies</i>.</def> "The
<i>divine</i> Desdemona."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>divine</i> sentence is in the lips of the
king.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xvi. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But not to one in this benighted age<BR>
Is that <i>diviner</i> inspiration given.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Presageful; foreboding; prescient.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet oft his heart, <i>divine</i> of something ill,<BR>
Misgave him.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Relating to divinity or
theology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Church history and other <i>divine</i>
learning.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Supernatural; superhuman; godlike; heavenly;
celestial; pious; holy; sacred; pre&euml;minent.</p>

<p><hw>Di*vine"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>divinus</i> a
soothsayer, LL., a theologian. See <u>Divine</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One skilled in
divinity; a theologian.</def> "Poets were the first <i>divines</i>."
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A minister of the gospel; a priest; a
clergyman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first <i>divines</i> of New England were surpassed
by none in extensive erudition.</blockquote> <i>J.
Woodbridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vine"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Divined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Divining</u>.] [L. <i>divinare</i>: cf. F. <i>deviner</i>. See
<u>Divination</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To foresee or foreknow;
to detect; to anticipate; to conjecture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sagacity which <i>divined</i> the evil
designs.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To foretell; to predict; to
presage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Darest thou . . . <i>divine</i> his
downfall?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To render divine; to deify.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Living on earth like angel new
<i>divined</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To foretell; predict; presage; prophesy;
prognosticate; forebode; guess; conjecture; surmise.</p>

<p><hw>Di*vine"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To use or practice divination; to foretell by divination; to
utter prognostications.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The prophets thereof <i>divine</i> for
money.</blockquote> <i>Micah iii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have or feel a presage or
foreboding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Suggest but truth to my <i>divining</i>
thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To conjecture or guess; as, to
<i>divine</i> rightly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vine"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a divine or godlike manner; holily; admirably or excellently
in a supreme degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most <i>divinely</i> fair.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By the agency or influence of
God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Divinely</i> set apart . . . to be a preacher of
righteousness.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vine"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Divination.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Di*vine"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being divine; superhuman or supreme excellence.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who professes divination; one who pretends to predict
events, or to reveal occult things, by supernatural means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>diviners</i> have seen a lie, and have told
false dreams; they comfort in vain.</blockquote> <i>Zech. x.
2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A conjecture; a guesser; one who makes out
occult things.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vin"er*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
divines.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 439 !></p>

<p><hw>Div"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That dives or is
used or diving.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diving beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
beetle of the family <i>Dytiscid&aelig;</i>, which habitually lives
under water; -- called also <i>water tiger</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Diving bell</b></col>, <cd>a hollow inverted vessel,
sometimes bell-shaped, in which men may descend and work under water,
respiration being sustained by the compressed air at the top, by
fresh air pumped in through a tube from above.</cd> -- <col><b>Diving
dress</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Submarine armor</i>, under
<u>Submarine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Diving stone</b></col>, <cd>a kind
of jasper.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*vin"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>divinus</i> divine + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To render divine; to
deify.</def> [Obs.] "Blessed and <i>divinified</i> soul."  <i>Parth.
Sacra (1633).</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vin"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That divines;
for divining.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Divining rod</b></col>, <cd>a rod, commonly of witch
hazel, with forked branches, used by those who pretend to discover
water or metals under ground.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*vin"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a divining
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Div`i*nis"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
diviner.</def> [Obs.] " I am no <i>divinistre</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Divinities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>divinit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>divinitas</i>. See <u>Divine</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being divine; the nature or
essence of God; deity; godhead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he attributes <i>divinity</i> to other things
than God, it is only a <i>divinity</i> by way of
participation.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Deity; the Supreme Being;
God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This the <i>divinity</i> that within us.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pretended deity of pagans; a false
god.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beastly <i>divinities</i>, and droves of
gods.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A celestial being, inferior to the supreme
God, but superior to man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . employing these subservient
<i>divinities</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Something divine or superhuman;
supernatural power or virtue; something which inspires awe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They say there is <i>divinity</i> in odd
numbers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There's such <i>divinity</i> doth hedge a
king.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The science of divine things; the science
which treats of God, his laws and moral government, and the way of
salvation; theology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Divinity</i> is essentially the first of the
professions.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Case divinity</b></col>, <cd>casuistry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Div`i*ni*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A making
divine.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Div"i*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To invest
with a divine character; to deify.</def> [R.]  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man had <i>divinized</i> all those objects of
awe.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vis`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>divisibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being divisible; the
property of bodies by which their parts are capable of
separation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Divisibility</i> . . . is a primary attribute of
matter.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vis"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>divisibilis</i>, fr. <i>dividere</i>: cf. F. <i>divisible</i>. See
<u>Divide</u>.] <def>Capable of being divided or separated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Extended substance . . . is <i>divisible</i> into
parts.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Divisible contract</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a contract
containing agreements one of which can be separated from the
other.</cd> -- <col><b>Divisible offense</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>an offense containing a lesser offense in one of a greater grade,
so that on the latter there can be an acquittal, while on the former
there can be a conviction.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Di*vis"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Di*vis"i*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Di*vis"i*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A divisible
substance.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>division</i>,
L. <i>divisio</i>, from <i>dividere</i>. See <u>Divide</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of diving anything into
parts, or the state of being so divided; separation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was overlooked in the <i>division</i> of the
spoil.</blockquote> <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which divides or keeps apart; a
partition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The portion separated by the divining of a
mass or body; a distinct segment or section.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Communities and <i>divisions</i> of men.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Disunion; difference in opinion or
feeling; discord; variance; alienation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was a <i>division</i> among the
people.</blockquote> <i>John vii. 43.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Difference of condition; state of
distinction; distinction; contrast.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will put a <i>division</i> between my people and thy
people.</blockquote> <i>Ex. viii. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Separation of the members of a
deliberative body, esp. of the Houses of Parliament, to ascertain the
vote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The motion passed without a
<i>division</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The process of finding how
many times one number or quantity is contained in another; the
reverse of <i>multiplication</i>; also, the rule by which the
operation is performed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The separation of a genus
into its constituent species.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Two or
more brigades under the command of a general officer.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Two companies of infantry maneuvering as one
subdivision of a battalion.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the
larger districts into which a country is divided for administering
military affairs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of the groups into
which a fleet is divided.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A course of notes so
running into each other as to form one series or chain, to be sung in
one breath to one syllable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The distribution of a
discourse into parts; a part so distinguished.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A grade or rank in
classification; a portion of a tribe or of a class; or, in some
recent authorities, equivalent to a subkingdom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cell division</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a method of
cell increase, in which new cells are formed by the division of the
parent cell. In this process, the cell nucleus undergoes peculiar
differentiations and changes, as shown in the figure (see also
<u>Karyokinesis</u>). At the same time the protoplasm of the cell
becomes gradually constricted by a furrow transverse to the long axis
of the nuclear spindle, followed, on the completion of the division
of the nucleus, by a separation of the cell contents into two masses,
called the <i>daughter cells</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Long
division</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the process of division when
the operations are mostly written down.</cd> -- <col><b>Short
division</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the process of division when
the operations are mentally performed and only the results written
down; -- used principally when the divisor is not greater than ten or
twelve.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- compartment; section; share; allotment;
distribution; separation; partition; disjunction; disconnection;
difference; variance; discord; disunion.</p>

<p><hw>Di*vi"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
divides; pertaining to, making, or noting, a division; as, a
<i>divisional</i> line; a <i>divisional</i> general; a
<i>divisional</i> surgeon of police.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Divisional planes</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>planes of
separation between rock masses. They include joints.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*vi"sion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to be
divisional.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vi"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Divisional.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vi"sion*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
divides or makes division.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vi"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>divisif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Indicating division or
distribution.</def>  <i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Creating, or tending to create, division,
separation, or difference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [culture] is after all a dainty and <i>divisive</i>
quality, and can not reach to the depths of humanity.</blockquote>
<i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Di*vi"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Di*vi"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vi"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>dividere</i>. See <u>Divide</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The number
by which the dividend is divided.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Common divisor</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Common</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*vorce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>divorce</i>,
L. <i>divortium</i>, fr. <i>divortere</i>, <i>divertere</i>, to turn
different ways, to separate. See <u>Divert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A legal dissolution of the
marriage contract by a court or other body having competent
authority. This is properly a divorce, and called, technically,
divorce <i>a vinculo matrimonii.</i></def> "from the bond of
matrimony." <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The separation of a married
woman from the bed and board of her husband -- divorce <i>a mensa et
toro (or thoro)</i>, "from bed and board."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The decree or writing by which marriage is
dissolved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Separation; disunion of things closely
united.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make <i>divorce</i> of their incorporate
league.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which separates.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of divorce</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bill</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Di*vorce"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Divorced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Divorcing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>divorcer</i>. See <u>Divorce</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dissolve the
marriage contract of, either wholly or partially; to separate by
divorce.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate or disunite; to
sunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [a word] was <i>divorced</i> from its old
sense.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make away; to put away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing but death<BR>
Shall e'er <i>divorce</i> my dignities.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vorce"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being divorced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vor`cee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
divorced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vorce"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being divorced or separated; free from divorce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vorce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dissolution
of the marriage tie; divorce; separation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him write her a <i>divorcement</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. xxiv. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>divorcement</i> of our written from our spoken
language.</blockquote> <i>R. Morris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vor"cer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The person or cause
that produces or effects a divorce.</def>  <i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vor"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Divorceable.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vor"cive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power
to divorce; tending to divorce.</def> "This <i>divorcive</i> law."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Div"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thin, oblong turf
used for covering cottages, and also for fuel.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vul"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>divulgatus</i>, p. p. of <i>divulgare</i>. See <u>Divulge</u>.]
<def>Published.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vul"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
divulge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Div"ul*ga`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
divulger.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Div`ul*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>divulgatio</i>: cf. F. <i>divulgation</i>.] <def>The act of
divulging or publishing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Secrecy hath no use than
<i>divulgation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vulge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Divulged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Divulging</u>.] [F. <i>divulguer</i>, L. <i>divulgare</i>; <i>di-
= dis-</i> + <i>vulgare</i> to spread among the people, from
<i>vulgus</i> the common people. See <u>Vulgar</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make public; to several or communicate to
the public; to tell (a secret) so that it may become generally known;
to disclose; -- said of that which had been confided as a secret, or
had been before unknown; as, to <i>divulge</i> a secret.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Divulge not such a love as mine.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To indicate publicly; to proclaim.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . marks<BR>
The just man, and <i>divulges</i> him through heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To impart; to communicate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which would not be</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>To them [animals] made common and
<i>divulged</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To publish; disclose; discover; uncover; reveal;
communicate; impart; tell.</p>

<p><hw>Di*vulge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
publicly known.</def> [R.] "To keep it from <i>divulging</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Di*vul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
pull asunder, tear, or rend; distracting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dix"ie</hw> (d&ibreve;ks"&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A colloquial name for the Southern portion of the United States,
esp. during the Civil War.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Diz"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dizened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dizening</u>.] [Perh. orig., to dress in a foolish manner, and
allied to <i>dizzy</i>: but cf. also OE. <i>dysyn</i>
(<i>Palsgrave</i>) to put tow or flax on a distaff, <i>i. e.</i>, to
dress it.  Cf. <u>Distaff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dress; to
attire.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dress gaudily; to overdress; to
bedizen; to deck out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a tragedy queen, he has <i>dizened</i> her
out.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To-morrow when the masks shall fall<BR>
That <i>dizen</i> Nature's carnival.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dizz</hw> (d&ibreve;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dizzy</u>.] <def>To make dizzy; to astonish; to puzzle.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Diz"zard</hw> (d&ibreve;z"z&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Dizzy</u>, and cf. <u>Disard</u>.] <def>A blockhead. [Obs.]
[Written also <i>dizard</i>, and <i>disard</i>.]</def> --
<wf>Diz"zard*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Diz"zi*ly</hw> (d&ibreve;z"z&ibreve;*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dizzy manner or state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Diz"zi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>dysigness</i>
folly. See <u>Dizzy</u>.] <def>Giddiness; a whirling sensation in the
head; vertigo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Diz"zy</hw> (d&ibreve;z"z&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Dizzier</u> (-z&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Dizziest</u>.] [OE. <i>dusi</i>,
<i>disi</i>, <i>desi</i>, foolish, AS. <i>dysig</i>; akin to LG.
<i>d&uuml;sig</i> dizzy, OD. <i>deuzig</i>, <i>duyzig</i>, OHG.
<i>tusig</i> foolish, OFries. <i>dusia</i> to be dizzy; LG.
<i>dusel</i> dizziness, <i>duselig</i>, <i>dusselig</i>, D.
<i>duizelig</i>, dizzy, Dan. <i>d&ouml;sig</i> drowsy, slepy,
<i>d&ouml;se</i> to make dull, drowsy, <i>d&ouml;s</i> dullness,
drowsiness, and to AS. <i>dw&aemacr;s</i> foolish, G. <i>thor</i>
fool. &radic;71.  Cf. <u>Daze</u>, <u>Doze</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having in the head a sensation of whirling, with a tendency to
fall; vertiginous; giddy; hence, confused; indistinct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alas! his brain was <i>dizzy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing, or tending to cause, giddiness or
vertigo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To climb from the brink of Fleet Ditch by a
<i>dizzy</i> ladder.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without distinct thought; unreflecting;
thoughtless; heedless.</def> "The <i>dizzy</i> multitude."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Diz"zy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dizzied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dizzying</u>.] <def>To make dizzy or giddy; to give the vertigo
to; to confuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the jangling of thy bells had not <i>dizzied</i>
thy understanding.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Djer*eed"</hw> (?) or <hw>Djer*rid"</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>djerid</i>, fr. Ar. See <u>Jereed</u>.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A blunt javelin used in military games in
Moslem countries.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A game played with
it.</def> [Written also <i>jereed</i>, <i>jerrid</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>||Djin"nee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jjinn</b></plw> (&?;) or <plw><b>Djinns</b></plw> (&?;).
<def>See <u>Jinnee</u>, <u>Jinn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do.</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An abbreviation of
<u>Ditto</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do</hw> (d&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
syllable attached to the first tone of the major diatonic scale for
the purpose of solmization, or solfeggio. It is the first of the
seven syllables used by the Italians as manes of musical tones, and
replaced, for the sake of euphony, the syllable <i>Ut</i>, applied to
the note C. In England and America the same syllables are used by
many as a scale pattern, while the tones in respect to absolute pitch
are named from the first seven letters of the alphabet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do</hw> (d&oomac;), <pos><i>v. t. or auxiliary</i></pos>.
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Did</u> (d&ibreve;d); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Done</u> (ducr/n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Doing</u> (d&oomac;"&ibreve;ng).  This verb, when transitive, is
formed in the indicative, present tense, thus: I <i>do</i>, thou
<i>doest</i> (d&oomac;"&ebreve;st) or <i>dost</i> (d&ubreve;st), he
<i>does</i> (d&ubreve;z), <i>doeth</i> (d&oomac;"&ebreve;th), or
<i>doth</i> (d&ubreve;th); when auxiliary, the second person is, thou
<i>dost</i>. As an independent verb, <i>dost</i> is obsolete or rare,
except in poetry. "What <i>dost</i> thou in this world?"
<i>Milton.</i> The form <i>doeth</i> is a verb unlimited,
<i>doth</i>, formerly so used, now being the auxiliary form. The
second pers, sing., imperfect tense, is <i>didst</i> (d&ibreve;dst),
formerly <i>didest</i> (d&ibreve;d"&ebreve;st).] [AS.
<i>d&omacr;n</i>; akin to D. <i>doen</i>, OS. <i>duan</i>, OHG.
<i>tuon</i>, G. <i>thun</i>, Lith. <i>deti</i>, OSlav.
<i>d&emacr;ti</i>, OIr. <i>d&eacute;nim</i> I do, Gr.
<grk>tiqe`nai</grk> to put, Skr. <i>dh&amacr;</i>, and to E. suffix
<i>-dom</i>, and prob. to L. <i>facere</i> to do, E. <i>fact</i>, and
perh. to L. <i>-dere</i> in some compounds, as ad<i>dere</i> to add,
cre<i>dere</i> to trust. &radic;65.  Cf. <u>Deed</u>, <u>Deem</u>,
<u>Doom</u>, <u>Fact</u>, <u>Creed</u>, <u>Theme</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place; to put.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tale of a
Usurer (about 1330).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause; to make; -- with an
infinitive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My lord Abbot of Westminster <i>did</i> do shewe to me
late certain evidences.</blockquote> <i>W. Caxton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall . . . your cloister do make.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fatal plague which many <i>did</i> to
die.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>do</i> you to wit [<i>i. e.</i>, We <i>make</i>
you to know] of the grace of God bestowed on the churches of
Macedonia.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. viii. 1.</i></p>

<p>&fist; We have lost the idiom shown by the citations (<i>do</i>
used like the French <i>faire</i> or <i>laisser</i>), in which the
verb in the infinitive apparently, but not really, has a passive
signification, <i>i. e.</i>, cause . . . to be made.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring about; to produce, as an effect
or result; to effect; to achieve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The neglecting it may <i>do</i> much
danger.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He waved indifferently 'twixt <i>doing</i> them
neither good not harm.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To perform, as an action; to execute; to
transact to carry out in action; as, to <i>do</i> a good or a bad
act; <i>do</i> our duty; to <i>do</i> what I can.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Six days shalt thou labor and <i>do</i> all thy
work.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xx. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We did not <i>do</i> these things.</blockquote> <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You can not <i>do</i> wrong without suffering
wrong.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p>Hence: <i>To do homage</i>, <i>honor</i>, <i>favor</i>,
<i>justice</i>, etc., to render homage, honor, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bring to an end by action; to perform
completely; to finish; to accomplish; -- a sense conveyed by the
construction, which is that of the past participle <i>done</i>.</def>
"Ere summer half be <i>done</i>." "I have <i>done</i> weeping."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 440 !></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To make ready for an object, purpose, or
use, as food by cooking; to cook completely or sufficiently; as, the
meat is <i>done</i> on one side only.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To put or bring into a form, state, or
condition, especially in the phrases, <i>to do death</i>, to put to
death; to slay; <i>to do away</i> (often do <i>away with</i>), to put
away; to remove; <i>to do on</i>, to put on; to don; <i>to do
off</i>, to take off, as dress; to doff; <i>to do into</i>, to put
into the form of; to translate or transform into, as a
text.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Done to death</i> by slanderous
tongues.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ground of the difficulty is <i>done
away</i>.</blockquote> <i> Paley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Suspicions regarding his loyalty were entirely <i>done
away</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>do on</i> our own harness, that we may not; but
we must <i>do on</i> the armor of God.</blockquote> <i>
Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then Jason rose and <i>did on</i> him a fair<BR>
Blue woolen tunic.</blockquote> <i> W. Morris (Jason).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though the former legal pollution be now <i>done
off</i>, yet there is a spiritual contagion in idolatry as much to be
shunned.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It ["Pilgrim's Progress"] has been <i>done into</i>
verse: it has been <i>done into</i> modern English.</blockquote> <i>
Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To cheat; to gull; to overreach.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was not be <i>done</i>, at his time of life, by
frivolous offers of a compromise that might have secured him seventy-
five per cent.</blockquote> <i> De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To see or inspect; to explore; as, to
<i>do</i> all the points of interest.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>To cash or to
advance money for, as a bill or note.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>Do</i> and <i>did</i> are much
employed as auxiliaries, the verb to which they are joined being an
infinitive. As an auxiliary the verb <i>do</i> has no participle. "I
<i>do</i> set my bow in the cloud." <i>Gen. ix. 13.</i> [Now archaic
or rare except for emphatic assertion.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rarely . . . <i>did</i> the wrongs of individuals to
the knowledge of the public.</blockquote> <i> Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> They are often used in emphatic construction.
"You don't say so, Mr. Jobson. -- but I <i>do</i> say so." <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i> "I <i>did love him</i>, <i>but scorn him now</i>."
<i>Latham.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> In negative and interrogative
constructions, <i>do</i> and <i>did</i> are in common use. I
<i>do</i> not wish to see them; what <i>do</i> you think? <i>Did</i>
C&aelig;sar cross the Tiber? He <i>did</i> not.  "<i>Do</i> you love
me?" <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>Do</i>, as an auxiliary, is
supposed to have been first used before imperatives. It expresses
entreaty or earnest request; as, <i>do help me</i>. In the imperative
mood, but not in the indicative, it may be used with the verb <i>to
be</i>; as, <i>do be</i> quiet. <i>Do</i>, <i>did</i>, and
<i>done</i> often stand as a general substitute or representative
verb, and thus save the repetition of the principal verb. "To live
and die is all we have to <i>do</i>." <i>Denham.</i> In the case of
<i>do</i> and <i>did</i> as auxiliaries, the sense may be completed
by the infinitive (without <i>to</i>) of the verb represented. "When
beauty lived and died as flowers <i>do</i> now." <i>Shak.</i>  "I . .
. chose my wife as she <i>did</i> her wedding gown."
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My brightest hopes giving dark fears a being.<BR>
As the light <i>does</i> the shadow.</blockquote> <i>
Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>In unemphatic affirmative sentences <i>do</i> is, for the most
part, archaic or poetical; as, "This just reproach their virtue
<i>does</i> excite."  <i>Dryden.</i>
</p>

<p><col><b>To do one's best</b></col>, <col><b>To do one's
diligence</b></col> (and the like), <cd>to exert one's self; to put
forth one's best or most or most diligent efforts.</cd> "We will . .
. <i>do our</i> best to gain their assent." <i>Jowett (Thucyd.).</i>
-- <col><b>To do one's business</b></col>, <cd>to ruin one.</cd>
[Colloq.] <i>Wycherley.</i> -- <col><b>To do one shame</b></col>,
<cd>to cause one shame.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>To do over</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To make over; to perform a second time.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To cover; to spread; to smear.</cd> "Boats .
. . sewed together and <i>done over</i> with a kind of slimy stuff
like rosin." <i>De Foe.</i> -- <col><b>To do to death</b></col>,
<cd>to put to death.</cd> (See 7.) [Obs.] -- <col><b>To do
up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To put up; to raise.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To pack together and
envelop; to pack up.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To accomplish
thoroughly.</cd> [Colloq.] <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To starch and
iron.</cd> "A rich gown of velvet, and a ruff <i>done up</i> with the
famous yellow starch." <i>Hawthorne.</i> -- <col><b>To do
way</b></col>, <cd>to put away; to lay aside.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To do with</b></col>, <cd>to dispose of;
to make use of; to employ; -- usually preceded by <i>what</i>.</cd>
"Men are many times brought to that extremity, that were it not for
God they would not know what <i>to do with</i> themselves."
<i>Tillotson.</i> -- <col><b>To have to do with</b></col>, <cd>to
have concern, business or intercourse with; to deal with. When
preceded by <i>what</i>, the notion is usually implied that the
affair does not concern the person denoted by the subject of
<i>have</i>.</cd> "Philology <i>has to do with</i> language in its
fullest sense." <i>Earle.</i>  "What <i>have</i> I <i>to do with</i>
you, ye sons of Zeruiah? <i>2 Sam. xvi. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To act or behave in any manner; to conduct one's self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They fear not the Lord, neither <i>do</i> they after .
. . the law and commandment.</blockquote> <i> 2 Kings xvii.
34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fare; to be, as regards health; as,
they asked him how he <i>did</i>; how do you <i>do</i> to-
day?</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Perh. a different word. OE. <i>dugen</i>,
<i>dowen</i>, to avail, be of use, AS. <i>dugan</i>. See
<u>Doughty</u>.] <def>To succeed; to avail; to answer the purpose; to
serve; as, if no better plan can be found, he will make this
<i>do</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You would do well to prefer a bill against all kings
and parliaments since the Conquest; and if that won't <i>do</i>;
challenge the crown.</blockquote> <i> Collier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To do by</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>By</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To do for</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To answer for;
to serve as; to suit.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To put an end to;
to ruin; to baffle completely; as, a goblet is <i>done for</i> when
it is broken.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some folks are happy and easy in mind when their
victim is stabbed and <i>done for</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To do withal</b></col>, <cd>to help or prevent it.</cd>
[Obs.] "I could not do <i>withal</i>." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To do
without</b></col>, <cd>to get along without; to dispense with.</cd> -
- <col><b>To have done</b></col>, <cd>to have made an end or
conclusion; to have finished; to be quit; to desist.</cd> --
<col><b>To have done with</b></col>, <cd>to have completed; to be
through with; to have no further concern with.</cd> -- <col><b>Well
to do</b></col>, <cd>in easy circumstances.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Do</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deed;
act; fear.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ado; bustle; stir; to do.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A great deal of <i>do</i>, and a great deal of
trouble.</blockquote> <i> Selden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cheat; a swindle.</def> [Slang,
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Do"ab</hw> (?), [Pers. &amp; Hind. <i>do&amacr;b</i>, prop., two
waters.] <def>A tongue or tract of land included between two rivers;
as, the <i>doab</i> between the Ganges and the Jumna.</def> [India]
<i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
done.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"-all`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>General manager;
factotum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under him, Dunstan was the <i>do-all</i> at court,
being the king's treasurer, councilor, chancellor, confessor, all
things.</blockquote> <i> Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"and</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> <def>Doing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dote</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dob"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Dabchick</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A float to a fishing line.</def> [Local,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dob"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An old jaded horse.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sea gravel mixed with sand.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Dob"chick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Dabchick</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dob"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The aquatic larva of a large neuropterous insect (<i>Corydalus
cornutus</i>), used as bait in angling. See
<u>Hellgamite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dob"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European dace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>docens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>docere</i> to teach.] <def>Serving to
instruct; teaching.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Do*ce"t&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
&?; to appear.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>Ancient heretics who held
that Christ's body was merely a phantom or appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*cet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
held by, or like, the Docet&aelig;.</def> "<i>Docetic</i>
Gnosticism."  <i> Plumptre.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc"e*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>The doctrine of the Docet&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doch"mi*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Pros.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, the dochmius.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Doch"mi*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A foot of five syllables (usually &?; -- -&?; -
).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Doc`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Doc"i*ble*ness</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>docibilitas</i>.] <def>Aptness for being
taught; teachableness; docility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To persons of <i>docibility</i>, the real character
may be easily taught in a few days.</blockquote>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>docibleness</i> of dogs in
general.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>docibilis</i>,
fr. <i>docere</i> to teach.] <def>Easily taught or managed;
teachable.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>docilis</i>,fr.
<i>docere</i> to teach; cf. Gr. &?;, and L.  <i>discere</i> to learn,
Gr. &?; learned, &?; knowing: cf. F. <i>docile</i>.  Cf.
<u>Doctor</u>, <u>Didactic</u>, <u>Disciple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Teachable; easy to teach; docible.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to be taught; tractable; easily
managed; as, a <i>docile</i> child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The elephant is at once docible and
<i>docile</i>.</blockquote> <i> C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do*cil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>docilitas</i>, fr. <i>docilis</i>: cf. F. <i>docilit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>teachableness; aptness for being taught;
docibleness.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Willingness to be taught;
tractableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The humble <i>docility</i> of little children is, in
the New Testament, represented as a necessary preparative to the
reception of the Christian faith.</blockquote> <i> Beattie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc"i*ma*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an assay,
examination, fr. &?; to examine (Metals), fr. &?; assayed, tested,
fr. &?; to take, approve: cf. F. <i>docimasie</i>.] <def>The art or
practice of applying tests to ascertain the nature, quality, etc., of
objects, as of metals or ores, of medicines, or of facts pertaining
to physiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doc`i*mas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>docimastique</i>.] <def>Proving by experiments or tests.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Docimastic art</b></col>, <cd>metallurgy, or the art of
assaying metals; the art of separating metals from foreign matters,
and determining the nature and quantity of metallic substances
contained in any ore or mineral.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Doc`i*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a test
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A treatise on the art of testing, as in
assaying metals, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doc"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Teachableness.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dock</hw> (d&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>docce</i>; of uncertain origin; cf. G. <i>docken-</i>bl&auml;tter,
Gael. <i>dogha</i> burdock, OF. <i>doque</i>; perh. akin to L.
<i>daucus</i>, <i>daucum</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, a kind of parsnip or
carrot, used in medicine.  Cf. <u>Burdock</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of plants (<i>Rumex</i>), some species of which are well-known
weeds which have a long taproot and are difficult of
extermination.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Yellow dock</i> is <i>Rumex crispus</i>, with smooth
curly leaves and yellow root, which that of other species is used
medicinally as an astringent and tonic.</p>

<p><hw>Dock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>dockr</i> a
short tail, Fries. <i>dok</i> a little bundle or bunch, G.
<i>docke</i> bundle, skein, a short and thick column.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The solid part of an animal's tail, as
distinguished from the hair; the stump of a tail; the part of a tail
left after clipping or cutting.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A case of leather to cover the clipped or
cut tail of a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Docked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Docking</u>.] [See <u>Dock</u> a tail.  Cf. W.  <i>tociaw</i>, and
<i>twciaw</i>, to dock, clip.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>to cut off, as
the end of a thing; to curtail; to cut short; to clip; as, to
<i>dock</i> the tail of a horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His top was <i>docked</i> like a priest
biforn.</blockquote> <i> Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut off a part from; to shorten; to
deduct from; to subject to a deduction; as, to <i>dock</i> one's
wages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut off, bar, or destroy; as, to
<i>dock</i> an entail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D. <i>dok</i>; of
uncertain origin; cf. LL. <i>doga</i> ditch, L. <i>doga</i> ditch, L.
<i>doga</i> sort of vessel, Gr. &?; receptacle, fr. &?; to receive.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An artificial basin or an inclosure in
connection with a harbor or river, -- used for the reception of
vessels, and provided with gates for keeping in or shutting out the
tide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The slip or water way extending between
two piers or projecting wharves, for the reception of ships; --
sometimes including the piers themselves; as, to be down on the
<i>dock</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The place in court where a criminal or
accused person stands.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Balance dock</b></col>, <cd>a kind of <i>floating dock</i>
which is kept level by pumping water out of, or letting it into, the
compartments of side chambers.</cd> -- <col><b>Dry dock</b></col>,
<cd>a dock from which the water may be shut or pumped out,
especially, one in the form of a chamber having walls and floor,
often of masonry and communicating with deep water, but having
appliances for excluding it; -- used in constructing or repairing
ships. The name includes structures used for the examination,
repairing, or building of vessels, as <i>graving docks</i>,
<i>floating docks</i>, <i>hydraulic docks</i>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Floating dock</b></col>, <cd>a dock which is made to become
buoyant, and, by floating, to lift a vessel out of water.</cd> --
<col><b>Graving dock</b></col>, <cd>a dock for holding a ship for
graving or cleaning the bottom, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydraulic
dock</b></col>, <cd>a dock in which a vessel is raised clear of the
water by hydraulic presses.</cd> -- <col><b>Naval dock</b></col>,
<cd>a dock connected with which are naval stores, materials, and all
conveniences for the construction and repair of ships.</cd> --
<col><b>Sectional dock</b></col>, <cd>a form of <i>floating dock</i>
made in separate sections or caissons.</cd> -- <col><b>Slip
dock</b></col>, <cd>a dock having a sloping floor that extends from
deep water to above high-water mark, and upon which is a railway on
which runs a cradle carrying the ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Wet
dock</b></col>, <cd>a dock where the water is shut in, and kept at a
given level, to facilitate the loading and unloading of ships; --
also sometimes used as a place of safety; a basin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dock</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To draw, law, or
place (a ship) in a dock, for repairing, cleaning the bottom,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dock"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A charge for the
use of a dock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dock"-cress`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Nipplewort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dock"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dock</i> to cut off
+ dim. suffix <i>-et</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of
paper or parchment, containing the heads of a writing; a summary or
digest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bill tied to goods, containing some
direction, as the name of the owner, or the place to which they are
to be sent; a label.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
abridged entry of a judgment or proceeding in an action, or register
or such entries; a book of original, kept by clerks of courts,
containing a formal list of the names of parties, and minutes of the
proceedings, in each case in court.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> (U. S.)
<def>A list or calendar of causes ready for hearing or trial,
prepared for the use of courts by the clerks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A list or calendar of business matters to
be acted on in any assembly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>On the docket</b></col>, <cd>in hand; in the plan; under
consideration; in process of execution or performance.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Dock"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Docketed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Docketing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a brief abstract
of  (a writing) and indorse it on the back of the paper, or to
indorse the title or contents on the back of; to summarize; as, to
<i>docket</i> letters and papers.</def>  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To make a
brief abstract of and inscribe in a book; as, judgments regularly
<i>docketed</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To enter or inscribe
in a docket, or list of causes for trial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mark with a ticket; as, to
<i>docket</i> goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dock"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yard or
storage place for all sorts of naval stores and timber for
shipbuilding.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Doc`o*glos"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a beam + &?; the tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of gastropods, including the true limpets, and having the teeth on
the odontophore or lingual ribbon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doc"quet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Docket</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doc"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>doctur</i>, L.
<i>doctor</i>, teacher, fr. <i>docere</i> to teach. See
<u>Docile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A teacher; one skilled in a
profession, or branch of knowledge; a learned man.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One of the <i>doctors</i> of Italy, Nicholas
Macciavel.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An academical title, originally meaning a
man so well versed in his department as to be qualified to teach it.
Hence: One who has taken the highest degree conferred by a university
or college, or has received a diploma of the highest degree; as, a
<i>doctor</i> of divinity, of law, of medicine, of music, or of
philosophy. Such diplomas may confer an honorary title
only.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One duly licensed to practice medicine; a
member of the medical profession; a physician.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By medicine life may be prolonged, yet death<BR>
Will seize the <i>doctor</i> too.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any mechanical contrivance intended to
remedy a difficulty or serve some purpose in an exigency; as, the
<i>doctor</i> of a calico-printing machine, which is a knife to
remove superfluous coloring matter; the <i>doctor</i>, or auxiliary
engine, called also <i>donkey engine</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The friar skate.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Doctors' Commons</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Commons</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Doctor's stuff</b></col>, <cd>physic,
medicine.</cd> <i>G. Eliot.</i> -- <col><b>Doctor fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,  <cd>any fish of the genus <i>Acanthurus</i>;
the surgeon fish; -- so called from a sharp lancetlike spine on each
side of the tail. Also called <i>barber fish</i>. See <u>Surgeon
fish</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Doc"tor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Doctored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Doctoring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To treat as a physician
does; to apply remedies to; to repair; as, to <i>doctor</i> a sick
man or a broken cart.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To confer a doctorate upon; to make a
doctor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To tamper with and arrange for one's own
purposes; to falsify; to adulterate; as, to <i>doctor</i> election
returns; to <i>doctor</i> whisky.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Doc"tor</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice
physic.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Doc"tor*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>doctoral</i>.] <def>Of or relating to a doctor, or to the degree
of doctor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Doctoral</i> habit and square cap.</blockquote> <i>
Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc"tor*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of a doctor.</def>[R.]</p>

<p><! p. 441 !></p>

<p><hw>Doc"tor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>doctorat</i>.] <def>The degree, title, or rank, of a
doctor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doc"tor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
(one) a doctor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was bred . . . in Oxford and there
<i>doctorated</i>.</blockquote> <i> Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc"tor*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
doctor.</def>[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Doc"tor*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a doctor or
learned man.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Doctorly</i> prelates."
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc"tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Doctorate.</def>
[R.]  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
doctor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Doc"tri*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of, or constituting, doctrine.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Doc`tri*naire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Doctrine</u>.] <def>One who would apply to political or other
practical concerns the abstract doctrines or the theories of his own
philosophical system; a propounder of a new set of opinions; a
dogmatic theorist. Used also adjectively; as, <i>doctrinaire</i>
notions.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In french history, the <i>Doctrinaires</i> were a
constitutionalist party which originated after the restoration of the
Bourbons, and represented the interests of liberalism and progress.
After the Revolution of July, 1830, when they came into power, they
assumed a conservative position in antagonism with the republicans
and radicals.  <i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc"tri*nal</hw> (d&obreve;k"tr&ibreve;*n<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>doctrinalis</i>, fr. L. <i>doctrina</i>:
cf. F. <i>doctrinal</i>. See <u>Doctrine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, doctrine or something taught and
to be believed; as, a <i>doctrinal</i> observation.</def>
"<i>Doctrinal</i> clauses."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or having to do with,
teaching.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word of God serveth no otherwise than in the
nature of a <i>doctrinal</i> instrument.</blockquote> <i>
Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc"tri*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A matter of
doctrine; also, a system of doctrines.</def>  <i>T. Goodwin. Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc"tri*nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
doctrinal manner or form; by way of teaching or positive
direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doc"tri*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
doctrinaire.</def>  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc`tri*na"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles or practices of the Doctrinaires.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doc"trine</hw> (d&obreve;k"tr&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>doctrine</i>, L. <i>doctrina</i>, fr. <i>doctor</i>. See
<u>Doctor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Teaching;
instruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He taught them many things by parables, and said unto
them in his <i>doctrine</i>, Hearken.</blockquote> <i> Mark iv.
2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is taught; what is held, put
forth as true, and supported by a teacher, a school, or a sect; a
principle or position, or the body of principles, in any branch of
knowledge; any tenet or dogma; a principle of faith; as, the
<i>doctrine</i> of atoms; the <i>doctrine</i> of chances.</def> "The
<i>doctrine</i> of gravitation."  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Articles of faith and <i>doctrine</i>.</blockquote>
<i> Hooker.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The Monroe doctrine</b></col> <i>(Politics)</i>, <cd>a
policy enunciated by President Monroe (Message, Dec. 2, 1823), the
essential feature of which is that the United States will regard as
an unfriendly act any attempt on the part of European powers to
extend their systems on this continent, or any interference to
oppress, or in any manner control the destiny of, governments whose
independence had been acknowledged by the United States.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Precept; tenet; principle; maxim; dogma.  --
<u>Doctrine</u>, <u>Precept</u>. <i>Doctrine</i> denotes whatever is
recommended as a speculative truth to the belief of others.
<i>Precept</i> is a rule down to be obeyed. <i>Doctrine</i> supposes
a teacher; <i>precept</i> supposes a superior, with a right to
command. The <i>doctrines</i> of the Bible; the <i>precepts</i> of
our holy religion.</p>

<p><blockquote>Unpracticed he to fawn or seek for power<BR>
By <i>doctrines</i> fashioned to the varying hour.</blockquote> <i>
Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc"u*ment</hw> (-&usl;*m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>documentum</i>, fr. <i>docere</i> to teach: cf. F.
<i>document</i>. See <u>Docile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is taught or authoritatively set forth; precept; instruction;
dogma.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Learners should not be too much crowded with a heap or
multitude of <i>documents</i> or ideas at one time.</blockquote> <i>
I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An example for instruction or
warning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They were forth with stoned to death, as a
<i>document</i> to others.</blockquote> <i> Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An original or official paper relied upon
as the basis, proof, or support of anything else; -- in its most
extended sense, including any writing, book, or other instrument
conveying information in the case; any material substance on which
the thoughts of men are represented by any species of conventional
mark or symbol.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Saint Luke . . . collected them from such
<i>documents</i> and testimonies as he . . . judged to be
authentic.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doc"u*ment</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To teach; to school.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am finely <i>documented</i> by my own
daughter.</blockquote> <i> Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with documents or papers
necessary to establish facts or give information; as, a ship should
be <i>documented</i> according to the directions of law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doc`u*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to instruction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to written evidence;
documentary; as, <i>documental</i> testimony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doc`u*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to written evidence; contained or certified in writing.</def>
"<i>Documentary</i> evidence."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dodd</hw>, <hw>Dod</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>dodden</i>.] <def>To cut off, as wool from sheep's tails; to lop
or clip off.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dod"dart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game much like
hockey, played in an open field; also, the, bent stick for playing
the game.</def> [Local, Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dod"ded</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Dodd</u>.]
<def>Without horns; as, <i>dodded</i> cattle; without beards; as,
<i>dodded</i> corn.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dod"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>dodder</i>, Sw. <i>dodra</i>, G. <i>dotter</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant of the genus <i>Cuscuta</i>. It is a leafless
parasitical vine with yellowish threadlike stems. It attaches itself
to some other plant, as to flax, goldenrod, etc., and decaying at the
root, is nourished by the plant that supports it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dod"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>dyderian</i> to deceive, delude, and E. <i>didder</i>,
<i>dudder</i>.] <def>To shake, tremble, or totter.</def> "The
<i>doddering</i> mast."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dod"dered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shattered;
infirm.</def> "A laurel grew, <i>doddered</i> with age."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do*dec"a*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; twelve +
&?; angle: cf. F. <i>dod&eacute;cagone</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
figure or polygon bounded by twelve sides and containing twelve
angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Do*dec`a*gyn"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; twelve + &?; woman, female.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Linn&aelig;an order of plants having twelve styles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Do*dec`a*gyn"i*an</hw> (?), <hw>Do`de*cag"y*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Dodecagynia; having twelve styles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*dec`a*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or like, a dodecahedion; consisting of twelve
equal sides.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dodecahedral cleavage</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cleavage</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Do*dec`a*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
twelve + &?; seat, bottom, base: cf. F.
<i>dod&eacute;ca&egrave;dre</i>.] <i>(Geom. &amp; Crystallog.)</i> <def>A
solid having twelve faces.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>regular dodecahedron</i> is bounded by twelve equal
and regular pentagons; the pyritohedron (see <u>Pyritohedron</u>) is
related to it; the <i>rhombic dodecahedron</i> is bounded by twelve
equal rhombic faces.</p>

<p><hw>||Do`de*can"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; twelve + &?;, &?;, man, male.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Linn&aelig;an class of plants including all that have any number of
stamens between twelve and nineteen.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Do`de*can"dri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Do`de*can"drous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Dodecandria; having twelve stamens, or from twelve to
nineteen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"de*cane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; twelve.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a group of thick oily hydrocarbons,
C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>26</sub>, of the paraffin series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*dec"a*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; twelve
+ &?; column: cf. F. <i>dod&eacute;castyle</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Having twelve columns in front.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A dodecastyle portico, or building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*dec`a*syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
twelve + E. <i>syllabic</i>.] <def>Having twelve syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*dec"a*syl`la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word
consisting of twelve syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*dec`a*tem"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
twelve + &?;, dim. of &?; part: cf. F.
<i>dod&eacute;cat&eacute;morie</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A tern
applied to the twelve houses, or parts, of the zodiac of the
<i>primum mobile</i>, to distinguish them from the twelve signs;
also, any one of the twelve signs of the zodiac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dodge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dodged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dodging</u>.] [Of uncertain origin: cf. <i>dodder</i>, v.,
<i>daddle</i>, dade, or <i>dog</i>, v. t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
start suddenly aside, as to avoid a blow or a missile; to shift place
by a sudden start.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To evade a duty by low craft; to practice
mean shifts; to use tricky devices; to play fast and loose; to
quibble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>dodging</i> casuist with more craft than
sincerity.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dodge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
evade by a sudden shift of place; to escape by starting aside; as, to
<i>dodge</i> a blow aimed or a ball thrown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To evade by craft; as, to
<i>dodge</i> a question; to <i>dodge</i> responsibility.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>S. G. Goodrich.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To follow by dodging, or suddenly shifting
from place to place.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dodge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of evading by
some skillful movement; a sudden starting aside; hence, an artful
device to evade, deceive, or cheat; a cunning trick; an
artifice.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some, who have a taste for good living, have many
harmless arts, by which they improve their banquet, and innocent
<i>dodges</i>, if we may be permitted to use an excellent phrase that
has become vernacular since the appearance of the last
dictionaries.</blockquote> <i> Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dodg"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who dodges or evades; one who plays fast and loose, or uses
tricky devices.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small handbill.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Corndodger</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dodg"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>trickery;
artifice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hacket.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dod"i*pate</hw> (?), <hw>Dod"i*poll</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. fr. OE. <i>dodden</i> to cut off, to
shear, and first applied to shaven-polled priests.] <def>A stupid
person; a fool; a blockhead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some will say, our curate is naught, an ass-head, a
<i>dodipoll</i>.</blockquote>  <i> Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dod"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>duitken</i>,
dim. of <i>duit</i>. See <u>Doit</u>, and cf. <u>Doitkin</u>.] <def>A
doit; a small coin.</def>  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dod"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A snail; also, a snail shell; a hodmandod.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any shellfish which
casts its shell, as a lobster.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Do"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dodoes</b></plw> (#). [Said to be fr. Pg. <i>doudo</i> silly,
foolish (cf. <u>Booby</u>); this is fr. Prov. E. <i>dold</i>, the
same word as E. <i>dolt</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large,
extinct bird (<i>Didus ineptus</i>), formerly inhabiting the Island
of Mauritius. It had short, half-fledged wings, like those of the
ostrich, and a short neck and legs; -- called also <i>dronte</i>. It
was related to the pigeons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doe</hw> (d&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>d&amacr;</i>; cf. Dan. <i>daa</i>, <i>daa-</i>dyr, deer, and perh.
L. <i>dama</i>. &radic;66.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A female deer or
antelope; specifically, the female of the fallow deer, of which the
male is called a <i>buck</i>.  Also applied to the female of other
animals, as the rabbit. See the Note under <u>Buck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doe</hw> (d&oomac;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feat. [Obs.]
See <u>Do</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>D&oelig;g"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or obtained from, the d&oelig;gling; as, <i>d&oelig;glic</i> acid
(<i>Chem</i>.), an oily substance resembling oleic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||D&oelig;g"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name
in Faroe Islands.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The beaked whale
(<i>Bal&aelig;noptera rostrata</i>), from which d&oelig;gling oil is
obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Do</u>,
<pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who does;
one who performs or executes; one who is wont and ready to act; an
actor; an agent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>doers</i> of the law shall be
justified.</blockquote> <i> Rom. ii. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>An agent or attorney; a
factor.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Does</hw> (d&ubreve;z). <def>The <pos><i>3d pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Do</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doe"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The skin of the doe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A firm woolen cloth with a smooth, soft
surface like a doe's skin; -- made for men's wear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Doffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Doffing</u>.] [<i>Do</i> + <i>off</i>. See <u>Do</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 7.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put off, as dress; to
divest one's self of; hence, figuratively, to put or thrust away; to
rid one's self of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And made us <i>doff</i> our easy robes of
peace.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At night, or in the rain,<BR>
He dons a surcoat which he <i>doffs</i> at morn.</blockquote> <i>
Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strip; to divest; to undress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven's King, who <i>doffs</i> himself our flesh to
wear.</blockquote> <i> Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To put off dress; to
take off the hat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doff"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A
revolving cylinder, or a vibrating bar with teeth, in a carding
machine, which doffs, or strips off, the cotton from the cards.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog</hw> (d&obreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>docga</i>;
akin to D. <i>dog</i> mastiff, Dan. <i>dogge</i>, Sw. <i>dogg</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A quadruped of the genus
<i>Canis</i>, esp. the domestic dog (<i>C. familiaris</i>).</def> The
dog is distinguished above all others of the inferior animals for
intelligence, docility, and attachment to man. There are numerous
carefully bred varieties, as the beagle, bloodhound, bulldog,
coachdog, collie, Danish dog, foxhound, greyhound, mastiff, pointer,
poodle, St. Bernard, setter, spaniel, spitz dog, terrier, etc. There
are also many mixed breeds, and partially domesticated varieties, as
well as wild dogs, like the dingo and dhole. (See these names in the
Vocabulary.)</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mean, worthless fellow; a
wretch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What is thy servant, which is but a <i>dog</i>, that
he should do this great thing?</blockquote> <i> 2 Kings viii. 13
(Rev. Ver. )</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fellow; -- used humorously or
contemptuously; as, a sly <i>dog</i>; a lazy <i>dog</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the two
constellations, <i>Canis Major</i> and <i>Canis Minor</i>, or the
Greater Dog and the Lesser Dog. <i>Canis Major</i> contains the Dog
Star (Sirius).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An iron for holding wood in a fireplace; a
firedog; an andiron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
grappling iron, with a claw or claws, for fastening into wood or
other heavy articles, for the purpose of raising or moving
them.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An iron with fangs fastening a
log in a saw pit, or on the carriage of a sawmill.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A piece in machinery acting as a catch or
clutch; especially, the carrier of a lathe, also, an adjustable stop
to change motion, as in a machine tool.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Dog</i> is used adjectively or in composition, commonly
in the sense of <i>relating to</i>, <i>or characteristic of</i>, <i>a
dog</i>. It is also used to denote a <i>male</i>; as, <i>dog</i> fox
or <i>g</i>-fox, a male fox; <i>dog</i> otter or <i>dog</i>-otter,
<i>dog</i> wolf, etc.; -- also to denote a <i>thing of cheap or mean
quality</i>; as, <i>dog</i> Latin.</p>

<p><col><b>A dead dog</b></col>, <cd>a thing of no use or value.</cd>
<i>1 Sam. xxiv. 14.</i> -- <col><b>A dog in the manger</b></col>,
<cd>an ugly-natured person who prevents others from enjoying what
would be an advantage to them but is none to him.</cd> -- <col><b>Dog
ape</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a male ape.</cd> --
<col><b>Dog cabbage</b></col>, or <col><b>Dog's cabbage</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a succulent herb, native to the Mediterranean
region (<i>Thelygonum Cynocrambe</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Dog
cheap</b></col>, <cd>very cheap. See under <u>Cheap</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dog ear</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an acroterium.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>Dog flea</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
species of flea (<i>Pulex canis</i>) which infests dogs and cats, and
is often troublesome to man. In America it is the common flea. See
<u>Flea</u>, and <u>Aphaniptera</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dog
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a grass (<i>Triticum caninum</i>)
of the same genus as wheat.</cd> -- <col><b>Dog Latin</b></col>,
<cd>barbarous Latin; as, the <i>dog Latin</i> of pharmacy.</cd> --
<col><b>Dog lichen</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of lichen
(<i>Peltigera canina</i>) growing on earth, rocks, and tree trunks, -
- a lobed expansion, dingy green above and whitish with fuscous veins
beneath.</cd> -- <col><b>Dog louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a louse that infests the dog, esp. <i>H&aelig;matopinus
piliferus</i>; another species is <i>Trichodectes latus</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dog power</b></col>, <cd>a machine operated by the weight of
a dog traveling in a drum, or on an endless track, as for
churning.</cd> -- <col><b>Dog salmon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a salmon of northwest America and northern Asia; -- the
<i>gorbuscha</i>; -- called also <i>holia</i>, and <i>hone</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Dog shark</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Dogfish</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dog's meat</b></col>, <cd>meat fit
only for dogs; refuse; offal.</cd> -- <col><b>Dog Star</b></col>.
<cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Dog wheat</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>Dog grass.</cd> -- <col><b>Dog whelk</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of univalve shells of the family
<i>Nassid&aelig;</i>, esp. the <i>Nassa reticulata</i> of
England.</cd> -- <col><b>To give, or throw</b></col>, <col><b>to the
dogs</b></col>, <cd>to throw away as useless.</cd> "<i>Throw</i>
physic <i>to the dogs</i>; I'll none of it." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>To go to the dogs</b></col>, <cd>to go to ruin; to be
ruined.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 442 !></p>

<p><hw>Dog</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dogged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dogging</u>.] <def>To hunt or track like a hound; to follow
insidiously or indefatigably; to chase with a dog or dogs; to worry,
as if by dogs; to hound with importunity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have been pursued, <i>dogged</i>, and
waylaid.</blockquote> <i> Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your sins will <i>dog</i> you, pursue
you.</blockquote> <i>Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Eager ill-bred petitioners, who do not so properly
supplicate as hunt the person whom they address to, <i>dogging</i>
him from place to place, till they even extort an answer to their
rude requests.</blockquote> <i> South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>dogalis</i> for
<i>ducalis</i>. See <u>Doge</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
doge.</def>[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Do"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>dogat</i>,
It. <i>dogato</i>. See <u>Doge</u>, and cf. <u>Dogeate</u>.] <def>The
office or dignity of a doge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"bane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be poisonous
to dogs.  Cf. <u>Apocynaceous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small genus
of perennial herbaceous plants, with poisonous milky juice, bearing
slender pods pods in pairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog" bee`</hw> (?). <def>A male or drone bee.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The berry of the dogwood; -- called also <i>dogcherry</i>.</def>
<i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dogberry tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
dogwood.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dog"bolt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gun.)</i>
<def>The bolt of the cap-square over the trunnion of a cannon.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"-bri`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The dog-rose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"cart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light one-
horse carriage, commonly two-wheeled, patterned after a cart. The
original dogcarts used in England by sportsmen had a box at the back
for carrying dogs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dog" day`</hw> or <hw>Dog"day`</hw> (?) }. <def>One of the
dog days.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dogday cicada</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
American cicada (<i>C. pruinosa</i>), which trills loudly in
midsummer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dog" days`</hw> (?). <def>A period of from four to six weeks,
in the summer, variously placed by almanac makers between the early
part of July and the early part of September; canicular days; -- so
called in reference to the rising in ancient times of the Dog Star
(Sirius) with the sun. Popularly, the sultry, close part of the
summer.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The conjunction of the rising of the Dog Star with the
rising of the sun was regarded by the ancients as one of the causes
of the sultry heat of summer, and of the maladies which then
prevailed. But as the conjunction does not occur at the same time in
all latitudes, and is not constant in the same region for a long
period, there has been much variation in calendars regarding the
limits of the dog days.
    The astronomer Roger Long states that in an ancient calendar in
Bede (died 735) the beginning of <i>dog days</i> is placed on the
14th of July; that in a calendar prefixed to the Common Prayer,
printed in the time of Queen Elizabeth, they were said to begin on
the 6th of July and end on the 5th of September; that, from the
Restoration (1660) to the beginning of New Style (1752), British
almanacs placed the beginning on the 19th of July and the end on the
28th of August; and that after 1752 the beginning was put on the 30th
of July, the end on the 7th of September.
    Some English calendars now put the beginning on July 3d, and the
ending on August 11th. A popular American almanac of the present time
(1890) places the beginning on the 25th of July, and the end on the
5th of September.</p>

<p><hw>Dog"draw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Forest
Law)</i> <def>The act of drawing after, or pursuing, deer with a
dog.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It <i>doge</i>,
<i>dogio</i>, for <i>duce</i>, <i>duca</i>, fr. L. <i>dux</i>,
<i>ducis</i>, a leader, commander. See <u>Duke</u>.] <def>The chief
magistrate in the republics of Venice and Genoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"-eared`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
corners of the leaves turned down and soiled by careless or long-
continued usage; -- said of a book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Statute books before unopened, not <i>dog-
eared</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Mansfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doge"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dogate.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doge"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
doge.</def>  <i> Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a face
resembling that of a dog.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dog-faced baboon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
baboon of the genus <i>Cynocephalus</i>. See <u>Drill</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dog" fan`cier</hw> (?). <def>One who has an unusual fancy for,
or interest in, dogs; also, one who deals in dogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small shark, of many species, of the genera
<i>Mustelus</i>, <i>Scyllium</i>, <i>Spinax</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The European spotted dogfishes (<i>Scyllium catudus</i>,
and <i>S. canicula</i>) are very abundant; the American smooth, or
blue dogfish is <i>Mustelus canis</i>; the common picked, or horned
dogfish (<i>Squalus acanthias</i>) abundant on both sides of the
Atlantic.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The bowfin (<i>Amia calva</i>). See
<u>Bowfin</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The burbot of Lake Erie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"-fox`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A male fox. See the Note under <u>Dog</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The Arctic or blue fox; -- a name also
applied to species of the genus <i>Cynalopex</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Fron. <u>Dog</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sullen; morose.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sulky spite of a temper naturally
<i>dogged</i>.</blockquote> <i> Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sullenly obstinate; obstinately determined
or persistent; as, <i>dogged</i> resolution; <i>dogged</i>
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ged*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dogged
manner; sullenly; with obstinate resolution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ged*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sullenness; moroseness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sullen or obstinate determination; grim
resolution or persistence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D., fr. <i>dogger</i>
codfish, orig. used in the catching of codfish.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A two-masted fishing vessel, used by the Dutch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sort of stone, found
in the mines with the true alum rock, chiefly of silica and
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ger*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>dogerel</i>.] <def>Low in style, and irregular in measure; as,
<i>doggerel</i> rhymes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This may well be rhyme <i>doggerel</i>, quod
he.</blockquote> <i> Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ger*el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sort of loose or
irregular verse; mean or undignified poetry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Doggerel</i> like that of Hudibras.</blockquote>
<i> Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ill-spelt lines of <i>doggerel</i> in which he
expressed his reverence for the brave sufferers.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ger*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sailor
belonging to a dogger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"get</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Docket. See
<u>Docket</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dog"gish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a dog;
having the bad qualities of a dog; churlish; growling; brutal.</def>
-- <wf>Dog"gish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dog"gish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dog"grel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Doggerel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a head shaped like that of a dog; --
said of certain baboons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inhuman;
cruel.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place fit only
for dogs; a vile, mean habitation or apartment.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>dog"-leg`ged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch)</i>
<def>Noting a flight of stairs, consisting of two or more straight
portions connected by a platform (landing) or platforms, and running
in opposite directions without an intervening wellhole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ma</hw> (d&obreve;g"m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Dogmas</b></plw> (-m&adot;z), L.
<plw><b>Dogmata</b></plw> (-m&adot;*t&adot;). [L. <i>dogma</i>, Gr.
<grk>do`gma</grk>, <i>pl.</i> <grk>do`gmata</grk>, fr.
<grk>dokei^n</grk> to think, seem, appear; akin to L. <i>decet</i> it
is becoming.  Cf. <u>Decent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
is held as an opinion; a tenet; a doctrine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The obscure and loose <i>dogmas</i> of early
antiquity.</blockquote> <i> Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A formally stated and authoritatively
settled doctrine; a definite, established, and authoritative
tenet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A doctrinal notion asserted without regard
to evidence or truth; an arbitrary dictum.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> --  tenet; opinion; proposition; doctrine.  --
<u>Dogma</u>, <u>Tenet</u>. A <i>tenet</i> is that which is
maintained as true with great firmness; as, the <i>tenets</i> of our
holy religion. A <i>dogma</i> is that which is laid down with
authority as indubitably true, especially a religious doctrine; as,
the <i>dogmas</i> of the church. A <i>tenet</i> rests on its own
intrinsic merits or demerits; a <i>dogma</i> rests on authority
regarded as competent to decide and determine. <i>Dogma</i> has in
our language acquired, to some extent, a repulsive sense, from its
carrying with it the idea of undue authority or assumption. This is
more fully the case with its derivatives <i>dogmatical</i> and
<i>dogmatism</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Dog*mat"ic</hw> (d&obreve;g*m&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of an ancient sect of physicians who
went by general principles; -- opposed to the
<i>Empiric</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dog*mat"ic</hw> (d&obreve;g*m&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<hw>Dog*mat`ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>dogmaticus</i>, Gr. <grk>dogmatiko`s</grk>, fr.
<grk>do`gma</grk>: cf. F. <i>dogmatique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to a dogma, or to an established and authorized
doctrine or tenet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Asserting a thing positively and
authoritatively; positive; magisterial; hence, arrogantly
authoritative; overbearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Critics write in a positive, <i>dogmatic</i>
way.</blockquote> <i> Spectator.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] are as assertive and <i>dogmatical</i> as if
they were omniscient.</blockquote> <i> Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dogmatic theology</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<u>Dogmatics</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Magisterial; arrogant. See <u>Magisterial</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dog*mat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dogmatic manner; positively; magisterially.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog*mat"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being dogmatical; positiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog`ma*ti"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dogmatist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog*mat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
which treats of Christian doctrinal theology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The manner or
character of a dogmatist; arrogance or positiveness in stating
opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The self-importance of his demeanor, and the
<i>dogmatism</i> of his conversation.</blockquote> <i> Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dogmatistes</i>, Gr. &?; , fr. &?;.] <def>One who dogmatizes; one
who speaks dogmatically; a bold and arrogant advancer of
principles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I expect but little success of all this upon the
<i>dogmatist</i>; his opinioned assurance is paramount to
argument.</blockquote> <i> Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dogmatized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dogmatizing</u>.] [L. <i>dogmatizare</i> to lay down
an opinion, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;: cf. F. <i>dogmatiser</i>. See
<u>Dogma</u>.] <def>To assert positively; to teach magisterially or
with bold and undue confidence; to advance with arrogance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pride of <i>dogmatizing</i> schools.</blockquote>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ma*tize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deliver as a
dogma.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dog"ma*ti`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dogmatizes; a bold asserter; a magisterial teacher.</def>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"-rose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
common European wild rose, with single pink or white
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog's"-bane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Dogbane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog's"-ear`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The corner of
a leaf, in a book, turned down like the ear of a dog.</def>
<i>Gray.</i> -- <wf>Dog's"-eared`</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character, or
individuality, of a dog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"shore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>One of several shores used to hold a ship firmly and prevent her
moving while the blocks are knocked away before launching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"sick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sick as a dog
sometimes is very sick.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Dog"skin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The skin of a
dog, or leather made of the skin. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"sleep`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pretended sleep.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The fitful naps taken when
all hands are kept up by stress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog's"-tail grass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A hardy species of British grass (<i>Cynosurus
cristatus</i>) which abounds in grass lands, and is well suited for
making straw plait; -- called also <i>goldseed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog" Star`</hw> (?). <def>Sirius, a star of the constellation
<i>Canis Major</i>, or the Greater Dog, and the brightest star in the
heavens; -- called also <i>Canicula</i>, and, in astronomical charts,
<i>&alpha; Canis Majoris</i>. See <u>Dog days</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog's"-tongue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Hound's-tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"tie`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
cramp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"tooth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dogteeth</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>See
<i>Canine tooth</i>, under <u>Canine</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament common in
Gothic architecture, consisting of pointed projections resembling
teeth; -- also called <i>tooth ornament</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dogtooth spar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of
calcite, in acute crystals, resembling the tooth of a dog. See
<u>Calcite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dogtooth violet</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small, bulbous herb of the Lily family (genus
<i>Erythronium</i>). It has two shining flat leaves and commonly one
large flower.</cd> [Written also <i>dog's-tooth violet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dog"trick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gentle trot,
like that of a dog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dog"vane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
small vane of bunting, feathers, or any other light material, carried
at the masthead to indicate the direction of the wind.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"watch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A half watch; a watch of two hours, of which there are two, the
first <i>dogwatch</i> from 4 to 6 o'clock, p. m., and the second
<i>dogwatch</i> from 6 to 8 o'clock, p. m.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"-wea`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Extremely
weary.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dog"wood`</hw> (-w&oocr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named
from skewers (dags) being made of it. <i>Dr. Prior</i>.  See
<u>Dag</u>, and <u>Dagger</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The <i>Cornus</i>,
a genus of large shrubs or small trees, the wood of which is
exceedingly hard, and serviceable for many purposes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are several species, one of which, <i>Cornus
mascula</i>, called also <i>cornelian cherry</i>, bears a red acid
berry. <i>C. florida</i> is the flowering dogwood, a small American
tree with very showy blossoms.</p>

<p><col><b>Dogwood tree</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
dogwood or <i>Cornus</i></cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
papilionaceous tree (<i>Piscidia erythrina</i>) growing in Jamaica.
It has narcotic properties; -- called also <i>Jamaica
dogwood</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Doh"tren</hw> (d&omacr;"tr&ebreve;n), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>Daughters.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Doi"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the name
of the dealer.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of woolen stuff.</def>
[Obs.] "Some <i>doily</i> petticoats."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fool and a <i>doily</i> stuff, would now and then
find days of grace, and be worn for variety.</blockquote> <i>
Congreve.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small napkin, used at table with the
fruit, etc.; -- commonly colored and fringed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Doings</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Anything done; a deed; an action
good or bad; hence, in the plural, conduct; behavior. See
<u>Do</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To render an account of his
<i>doings</i>.</blockquote> <i> Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>duit</i>, Icel.
<i>pveit</i>, prop., a piece cut off. See <u>Thwaite</u> a piece of
ground, <u>Thwite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small Dutch coin,
worth about half a farthing; also, a similar small coin once used in
Scotland; hence, any small piece of money.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thing of small value; as, I care not a
<i>doit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doit"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A very small
coin; a doit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dok`i*mas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Docimastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Do"ko</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Lepidosiren</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Do*la"bra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>dolare</i> to hew.] <def>A rude ancient ax or hatchet, seen in
museums.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*lab"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dolabra</i> a mattock + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like the head
of an ax or hatchet, as some leaves, and also certain organs of some
shellfish.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Dol"ce</hw> (?), <hw>Dol`ce*men"te</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It., fr. L. <i>dulcis</i> sweet, soft.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Softly; sweetly; with soft, smooth, and delicate
execution.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dol*ci"no</hw> (?), or  <hw>||Dul*ci"no</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>dolcigno</i> sweetish.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small bassoon, formerly much used.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dol"drums</hw> (d&obreve;l"dr&ubreve;mz), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. <i>doltrum</i> grief, vexation?] <def>A part
of the ocean near the equator, abounding in calms, squalls, and
light, baffling winds, which sometimes prevent all progress for
weeks; -- so called by sailors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be in the doldrums</b></col>, <cd>to be in a state of
listlessness ennui, or tedium.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dole</hw> (d&omacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>deol</i>,
<i>doel</i>, <i>dol</i>, OF. <i>doel</i>, fr. <i>doloir</i> to
suffer, fr. L. <i>dolere</i>; perh. akin to <i>dolare</i> to hew.]
<def>grief; sorrow; lamentation.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>And she died.<BR>
So that day there was <i>dole</i> in Astolat.</blockquote> <i>
Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dolus</i>: cf. F.
<i>dol</i>.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>See <u>Dolus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>d&amacr;l</i> portion;
same word as <i>d&?;l</i>. See <u>Deal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Distribution; dealing; apportionment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At her general <i>dole</i>,<BR>
Each receives his ancient soul.</blockquote> <i> Cleveland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is dealt out; a part, share, or
portion also, a scanty share or allowance.</def></p>

<p><! p. 443 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Alms; charitable gratuity or
portion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So sure the <i>dole</i>, so ready at their call,<BR>
They stood prepared to see the manna fall.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven has in store a precious
<i>dole</i>.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A boundary; a landmark.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A void space left in tillage.</def>
<i>[Prov. Eng.]</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dole beer</b></col>, <cd>beer bestowed as alms.</cd>
[Obs.] -- <col><b>Dole bread</b></col>, <cd>bread bestowed as
alms.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Dole meadow</b></col>, <cd>a meadow in
which several persons have a common right or share.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dole</hw> (d&omacr;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Doled</u> (d&omacr;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Doling</u>.] <def>To deal out in small portions; to
distribute, as a dole; to deal out scantily or grudgingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The supercilious condescension with which even his
reputed friends <i>doled</i> out their praises to him.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dole"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of dole or
grief; expressing or exciting sorrow; sorrowful; sad;
dismal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With screwed face and <i>doleful</i>
whine.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Regions of sorrow, <i>doleful</i> shades.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Piteous; rueful; sorrowful; woeful; melancholy; sad
gloomy; dismal; dolorous; woe-begone.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Dole"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dole"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Do"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dolens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>dolere</i>: cf. F. <i>dolent</i>. See <u>Dole</u> sorrow.]
<def>Sorrowful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Do*len"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Plaintively. See <u>Doloroso</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dol"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; deceitful;
because it was easily confounded with diorite.] <i>(Geol. &amp; Min.)</i>
<def>A dark-colored, basic, igneous rock, composed essentially of
pyroxene and a triclinic feldspar with magnetic iron. By many authors
it is considered equivalent to a coarse-grained basalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dol`er*it"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature
of dolerite; as, much lava is <i>doleritic</i> lava.</def>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dole"some</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Doleful; dismal;
gloomy; sorrowful.</def> -- <wf>Dole"some*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Dole"some*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dolf</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Delve</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dol`i*cho*ce*phal"ic</hw>
(d&obreve;l`&ibreve;*k&osl;*s&esl;*f&abreve;l"&ibreve;k),
<hw>Dol`i*cho*ceph"a*lous</hw> (-s&ebreve;f"&adot;*l&ubreve;s), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>dolicho`s</grk> long +
<grk>kefalh`</grk> head.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the cranium, or
skull, long to its breadth; long-headed; -- opposed to
<i>brachycephalic</i>.</def> -- <wf>Dol`i*cho*ceph"al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dol`i*cho*ceph"a*ly</hw> (-&adot;*l&ybreve;),
<hw>Dol`i*cho*ceph"a*lism</hw> (-&adot;*l&ibreve;z'm) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>dolichc&eacute;phalie</i>.] <def>The
quality or condition of being dolichocephalic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"li*o*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dolium</i>
large jar + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Barrel-shaped, or like
a cask in form.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Do*li"o*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>doliolum</i> a small cask.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
freeswimming oceanic tunicates, allied to <i>Salpa</i>, and having
alternate generations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"-lit`tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
performs little though professing much.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Great talkers are commonly
<i>dolittles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Do"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. large jar.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of large univalve mollusks,
including the partridge shell and tun shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A contraction of
<i>Dorothy</i>; or less prob. an abbreviation of <i>idol</i>; or cf.
OD. <i>dol</i> a whipping top, D. <i>dollen</i> to rave, and E.
<i>dull</i>.] <def>A child's puppet; a toy baby for a little
girl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dol"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>daalder</i>, LG.
<i>dahler</i>, G. <i>thaler</i>, an abbreviation of
<i>Joachimsthaler</i>, i. e., a piece of money first coined, about
the year 1518, in the valley (G. <i>thal</i>) of St. <i>Joachim</i>,
in Bohemia. See <u>Dale</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A silver coin of the United States containing 371.25 grains of
silver and 41.25 grains of alloy, that is, having a total weight of
412.5 grains.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A gold coin of the
United States containing 23.22 grains of gold and 2.58 grains of
alloy, that is, having a total weight of 25.8 grains, nine-tenths
fine. It is no longer coined.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Previous to 1837 the silver dollar had a larger amount of
alloy, but only the same amount of silver as now, the total weight
being 416 grains. The gold dollar as a distinct coin was first made
in 1849. The eagles, half eagles, and quarter eagles coined before
1834 contained 24.75 grains of gold and 2.25 grains of alloy for each
dollar.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coin of the same general weight and
value, though differing slightly in different countries, current in
Mexico, Canada, parts of South America, also in Spain, and several
other European countries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The value of a dollar; the unit commonly
employed in the United States in reckoning money values.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chop dollar</b></col>. <cd>See under 9th <u>Chop</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Dollar fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fish of
the United States coast (<i>Stromateus triacanthus</i>), having a
flat, roundish form and a bright silvery luster; -- called also
<i>butterfish</i>, and <i>Lafayette</i>. See <u>Butterfish</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Trade dollar</b></col>, <cd>a silver coin formerly made at
the United States mint, intended for export, and not legal tender at
home. It contained 378 grains of silver and 42 grains of alloy.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Dol`lar*dee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of sunfish (<i>Lepomis
pallidus</i>), common in the United States; -- called also <i>blue
sunfish</i>, and <i>copper-nosed bream</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doll"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dolman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dol"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dollies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>A contrivance, turning on a vertical axis by a handle or winch,
and giving a circular motion to the ore to be washed; a
stirrer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A tool with an indented
head for shaping the head of a rivet.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In pile driving, a block interposed
between the head of the pile and the ram of the driver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small truck with a single wide roller
used for moving heavy beams, columns, etc., in bridge
building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A compact, narrow-gauge locomotive used
for moving construction trains, switching, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dol"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A child's mane for
a doll.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dolly shop</b></col>, <cd>a shop where rags, old junk,
etc., are bought and sold; usually, in fact, an unlicensed
pawnbroker's shop, formerly distinguished by the sign of a black
doll.</cd> [England]</p>

<p><hw>Dol"ly Var"den</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A character
in Dickens's novel "Barnaby Rudge," a beautiful, lively, and
coquettish girl who wore a cherry-colored mantle and cherry-colored
ribbons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A style of light, bright-figured dress
goods for women; also, a style of dress.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dolly Varden trout</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
trout of northwest America; -- called also <i>bull trout</i>,
<i>malma</i>, and <i>red-spotted trout</i>. See
<u>Malma</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dol"man</hw> (d&obreve;l"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Turk. <i>d&omacr;l&amacr;m&amacr;n</i>: cf. F. <i>doliman</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long robe or outer garment, with long
sleeves, worn by the Turks.</def> [Written also <i>doliman</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cloak of a peculiar fashion worn by
women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dol"men</hw> (d&obreve;l"m&ebreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Armor. <i>taol</i>, <i>tol</i>, table + <i>mean</i>, <i>maen</i>,
<i>men</i>, stone: cf. F. <i>dolmen</i>.] <def>A cromlech. See
<u>Cromlech</u>.</def> [Written also <i>tolmen</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dol"o*mite</hw> (d&obreve;l"&osl;*m&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After the French geologist <i>Dolomieu</i>.]
<i>(Geol. &amp; Min.)</i> <def>A mineral consisting of the carbonate of
lime and magnesia in varying proportions. It occurs in distinct
crystals, and in extensive beds as a compact limestone, often
crystalline granular, either white or clouded. It includes much of
the common white marble. Also called <i>bitter spar</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dol`o*mit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
dolomite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dol"o*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convert
into dolomite.</def> -- <wf>Dol`o*mi*za"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Do"lor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dolor</i>,
<i>dolur</i>, <i>dolour</i>, F. <i>douleur</i>, L. <i>dolor</i>, fr.
<i>dolere</i>. See 1st <u>Dole</u>.] <def>Pain; grief; distress;
anguish.</def> [Written also <i>dolour</i>.] [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of death and <i>dolor</i> telling sad
tidings.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dol`or*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dolor</i> pain + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing pain.</def>
<i>Whitaker.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dol`or*if"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Dol`or*if"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>dolorificus</i>; L. <i>dolor</i> pain +
<i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Causing pain or grief.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Do`lo*ro"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Plaintive; pathetic; -- used adverbially as a
musical direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dol"or*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dolorosus</i>, from <i>dolor</i>: cf. F. <i>douloureux</i>. See
<u>Dolor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of grief; sad; sorrowful;
doleful; dismal; as, a <i>dolorous</i> object; <i>dolorous</i>
discourses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You take me in too <i>dolorous</i> a sense;<BR>
I spake to you for your comfort.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Occasioning pain or grief;
painful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their dispatch is quick, and less <i>dolorous</i> than
the paw of the bear or teeth of the lion.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dol"or*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dol"or*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dol"phin</hw> (d&obreve;l"f&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>dauphin</i> dolphin, dauphin, earlier spelt also
<i>doffin</i>; cf. OF. <i>dalphinal</i> of the dauphin; fr. L.
<i>delphinus</i>, Gr. <grk>delfi`s</grk> a dolphin (in senses 1, 2, &
5), perh. properly, belly fish; cf. <grk>delfy`s</grk> womb, Skr.
<i>garbha</i>; perh. akin to E. <i>calf</i>.  Cf. <u>Dauphin</u>,
<u>Delphine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zool.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cetacean of the genus <i>Delphinus</i> and
allied genera (esp. <i>D. delphis</i>); the true dolphin.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The <i>Coryph&aelig;na hippuris</i>, a fish
of about five feet in length, celebrated for its surprising changes
of color when dying. It is the fish commonly known as the dolphin.
See <u>Coryph&aelig;noid</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The dolphin of the ancients (<i>D. delphis</i>) is common
in the Mediterranean and Atlantic, and attains a length of from six
to eight feet.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Gr. <grk>delfi`s</grk>] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i>
<def>A mass of iron or lead hung from the yardarm, in readiness to be
dropped on the deck of an enemy's vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind
of wreath or strap of plaited cordage.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A spar or buoy held by an anchor and furnished with a ring to
which ships may fasten their cables.</def> <i>R. H. Dana.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A mooring post on a wharf or beach.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A permanent fender around a heavy boat just
below the gunwale.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>In old ordnance, one of the
handles above the trunnions by which the gun was lifted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A small constellation
between Aquila and Pegasus. See <u>Delphinus</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dolphin fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the black,
bean, or collier, Aphis (<i>Aphis fable</i>), destructive to
beans.</cd> -- <col><b>Dolphin striker</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a short vertical spar under the bowsprit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dol"phin*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
dolphin.</def> [R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dolt</hw> (d&omacr;lt; 110), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>dulte</i>, prop. p. p. of <i>dullen</i> to dull. See <u>Dull</u>.]
<def>A heavy, stupid fellow; a blockhead; a numskull; an ignoramus; a
dunce; a dullard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This Puck seems but a dreaming
<i>dolt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dolt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To behave
foolishly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dolt"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Doltlike; dull in
intellect; stupid; blockish; as, a <i>doltish</i> clown.</def> --
<wf>Dolt"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dolt"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Do"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., deceit; akin to
Gr. &?;.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Evil intent, embracing both malice and
fraud. See <u>Culpa</u>.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dolv"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Delve</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>-dom</hw> (&?;). <def>A suffix denoting</def>:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def><i>Jurisdiction</i> or <i>property and
jurisdiction</i>, <i>dominion</i>, as in king<i>dom</i>
earl<i>dom</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def><i>State</i>,
<i>condition</i>, or <i>quality of being</i>, as in wis<i>dom</i>,
free<i>dom</i>.</def> It is from the same root as <i>doom</i> meaning
<i>authority</i> and <i>judgment</i>. <i>&?;</i>. See
<u>Doom</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. See <u>Don</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A title anciently given to the pope, and
later to other church dignitaries and some monastic orders. See
<u>Don</u>, and <u>Dan</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In Portugal and Brazil, the title given to
a member of the higher classes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dom"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>domabilis</i>,
fr. <i>domare</i> to tame.] <def>Capable of being tamed;
tamable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dom"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Tamableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dom"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Damage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Damage; hurt.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subjugation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do*main"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>domaine</i>,
OF. <i>demaine</i>, L. <i>dominium</i>, property, right of ownership,
fr. <i>dominus</i> master, owner. See <u>Dame</u>, and cf
<u>Demesne</u>, <u>Dungeon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dominion;
empire; authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The territory over which dominion or
authority is exerted; the possessions of a sovereign or commonwealth,
or the like. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>domain</i> of authentic history.</blockquote>
<i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>domain</i> over which the poetic spirit
ranges.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Landed property; estate; especially, the
land about the mansion house of a lord, and in his immediate
occupancy; demesne.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Ownership of land; an estate
or patrimony which one has in his own right; absolute proprietorship;
paramount or sovereign ownership.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Public domain</b></col>, <cd>the territory belonging to a
State or to the general government; public lands.</cd> [U.S.] --
<col><b>Right of eminent domain</b></col>, <cd>that superior dominion
of the sovereign power over all the property within the state,
including that previously granted by itself, which authorizes it to
appropriate any part thereof to a necessary public use, reasonable
compensation being made.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Do"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>domus</i> house.]
<i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a house.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do*ma"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to a domain or to domains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dome</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>d&ocirc;me</i>, It.
<i>duomo</i>, fr. L. <i>domus</i> a house, <i>domus Dei</i> or
<i>Domini</i>, house of the Lord, house of God; akin to Gr. &?;
house, &?; to build, and E. <i>timber</i>. See <u>Timber</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A building; a house; an edifice; -- used
chiefly in poetry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Approach the <i>dome</i>, the social banquet
share.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A cupola formed on a large
scale.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "The Italians apply the term <i>il duomo</i> to the
principal church of a city, and the Germans call every cathedral
church <i>Dom</i>; and it is supposed that the word in its present
English sense has crept into use from the circumstance of such
buildings being frequently surmounted by a cupola."  <i>Am.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any erection resembling the dome or cupola
of a building; as the upper part of a furnace, the vertical steam
chamber on the top of a boiler, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A prism formed by
planes parallel to a lateral axis which meet above in a horizontal
edge, like the roof of a house; also, one of the planes of such a
form.</def></p>

<p>&fist; If the plane is parallel to the longer diagonal
(macrodiagonal) of the prism, it is called a <i>macrodome</i>; if
parallel to the shorter (brachydiagonal), it is a <i>brachydome</i>;
if parallel to the inclined diagonal in a monoclinic crystal, it is
called a <i>clinodome</i>; if parallel to the orthodiagonal axis, an
<i>orthodome</i>.  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dome</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Doom</u>.]
<def>Decision; judgment; opinion; a court decision.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dome"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dome</i> doom +
<i>book</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A book said to have been
compiled under the direction of King Alfred. It is supposed to have
contained the principal maxims of the common law, the penalties for
misdemeanors, and the forms of judicial proceedings. <i>Domebook</i>
was probably a general name for <i>book of judgments</i>.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Domed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a
dome; shaped like a dome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Domes"day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A day of
judgment. See <u>Doomsday</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Domesday Book</b></col>, <cd>the ancient record of the
survey of most of the lands of England, made by order of William the
Conqueror, about 1086. It consists of two volumes, a large folio and
a quarto, and gives the proprietors' tenures, arable land, woodland,
etc.</cd> [Written also <i>Doomsday Book</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Domes"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Domesmen</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Doom</u>.] <def>A judge; an
umpire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Do*mes"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>domesticus</i>, fr. <i>domus</i> use: cf. F. <i>domestique</i>.
See 1st <u>Dome</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
one's house or home, or one's household or family; relating to home
life; as, <i>domestic</i> concerns, life, duties, cares, happiness,
worship, servants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His fortitude is the more extraordinary, because his
<i>domestic</i> feelings were unusually strong.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a nation considered as
a family or home, or to one's own country; intestine; not foreign;
as, foreign wars and <i>domestic</i> dissensions.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Remaining much at home; devoted to home
duties or pleasures; as, a <i>domestic</i> man or woman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Living in or near the habitations of man;
domesticated; tame as distinguished from wild; as, <i>domestic</i>
animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Made in one's own house, nation, or
country; as, <i>domestic</i> manufactures, wines, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*mes"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who lives in the family of an other, as hired household
assistant; a house servant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The master labors and leads an anxious life, to secure
plenty and ease to the <i>domestic</i>.</blockquote> <i>V.
Knox.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Articles of home
manufacture, especially cotton goods.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><! p. 444 !></p>

<p><hw>Do*mes"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Domestic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our private and <i>domestical</i> matter.</blockquote>
<i>Sir. P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do*mes"tic*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A family; a
household.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Do*mes"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
domestic manner; privately; with reference to domestic
affairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*mes"ti*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forming
part of the same family.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir E. Dering.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do*mes"ti*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Domesticated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Domesticating.</u>] [LL. <i>domesticatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>domesticare</i> to reside in, to tame. See <u>Domestic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make domestic; to
habituate to home life; as, to <i>domesticate</i> one's
self.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be, as it were, of one's
family or country; as, to <i>domesticate</i> a foreign custom or
word.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To tame or reclaim from a wild state; as,
to <i>domesticate</i> wild animals; to <i>domesticate</i> a
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*mes`ti*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>domestication</i>.] <def>The act of domesticating, or accustoming
to home; the action of taming wild animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*mes"ti*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
domesticates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do`mes*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>domesticitas</i>: cf. F. <i>domesticit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
state of being domestic; domestic character; household
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dom"ett</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of baize of
which the ward is cotton and the weft woolen.</def>
<i>Blakely.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"mey*kite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after
<i>Domeyko</i>, a mineralogist of Chili.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
massive mineral of tin-white or steel-gray color, an arsenide of
copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to, or
shaped like, a dome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*cile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>domicilium</i>; <i>domus</i> house + (prob.) root of <i>celare</i>
to conceal: cf. F. <i>domicile</i>. See <u>Dome</u>, and
<u>Conceal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An abode or mansion; a place
of permanent residence, either of an individual or a
family.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A residence at a particular
place accompanied with an intention to remain there for an unlimited
time; a residence accepted as a final abode.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*cile</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Domiciled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Domiciling</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>domicilier</i>.  Cf.
<u>Domiciliate</u>.] <def>To establish in a fixed residence, or a
residence that constitutes habitancy; to domiciliate.</def>
<i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dom`i*cil"i*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of
a household; a domestic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dom`i*cil"i*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>domiciliarius</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a domicile, or the
residence of a person or family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The personal and <i>domiciliary</i> rights of the
citizen scrupulously guarded.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Domiciliary visit</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a visit to a
private dwelling, particularly for searching it, under
authority.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dom`i*cil"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Domiciliated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Domiciliating</u> (?).] [See
<u>Domicile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To establish in a permanent
residence; to domicile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To domesticate.</def>  <i>Pownall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dom`i*cil`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of domiciliating; permanent residence; inhabitancy.</def>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*cul`ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>domus</i> house + E. <i>culture</i>. See 1st <u>Dome</u>.]
<def>The art of house-keeping, cookery, etc.</def> [R.]  <i>R.
Park.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>domus + -
fy</i>: cf. F. <i>domifier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i>
<def>To divide, as the heavens, into twelve houses. See <u>House</u>,
in astrological sense.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tame; to domesticate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dom"i*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., lady. See
<u>Dame</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>Lady; a lady; -- a title
formerly given to noble ladies who held a barony in their own
right.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dom"i*nance</hw> (?), <hw>Dom"i*nan*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Predominance; ascendency;
authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dominans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>dominari</i>: cf. F. <i>dominant</i>. See
<u>Dominate</u>.] <def>Ruling; governing; prevailing; controlling;
predominant; as, the <i>dominant</i> party, church, spirit,
power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The member of a <i>dominant</i> race is, in his
dealings with the subject race, seldom indeed fraudulent, . . . but
imperious, insolent, and cruel.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dominant estate</b></col> or <col><b>tenement</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the estate to which a servitude or easement is due
from another estate, the estate over which the servitude extends
being called the <i>servient estate</i> or <i>tenement</i>.</cd>
<i>Bouvier.</i>  <i>Wharton's Law Dict.</i> -- <col><b>Dominant
owner</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one who owns lands on which there
is an easement owned by another.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Governing; ruling; controlling; prevailing;
predominant; ascendant.</p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*nant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The
fifth tone of the scale; thus G is the dominant of C, A of D, and so
on.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dominant chord</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the chord
based upon the dominant.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dominated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dominating</u>.] [L. <i>dominatus</i>, p. p. of <i>dominari</i> to
dominate, fr. <i>dominus</i> master, lord. See <u>Dame</u>, and cf.
<u>Domineer</u>.] <def>To predominate over; to rule; to govern.</def>
"A city <i>dominated</i> by the ax."  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We everywhere meet with Slavonian nations either
dominant or <i>dominated</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
dominant.</def>  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dom`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>domination</i>, L. <i>dominatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of dominating; exercise of power in ruling; dominion; supremacy;
authority; often, arbitrary or insolent sway.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In such a people, the haughtiness of <i>domination</i>
combines with the spirit of freedom.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ruling party; a party in power.</def>
[R.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A high order of angels in the
celestial hierarchy; -- a meaning given by the schoolmen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thrones, <i>dominations</i>, princedoms, virtues,
powers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dominatif</i>.] <def>Governing; ruling; imperious.</def>  <i>Sir
E. Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A ruler
or ruling power.</def> "Sole <i>dominator</i> of Navarre."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jupiter and Mars are <i>dominators</i> for this
northwest part of the world.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dominie</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A name given to a pastor of the Reformed
Church. The word is also applied locally in the United States, in
colloquial speech, to any clergyman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [From Sp. <i>domine</i> a schoolmaster.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A West Indian fish (<i>Epinula
magistralis</i>), of the family <i>Trichiurid&aelig;</i>. It is a
long-bodied, voracious fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dom`i*neer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Domineered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Domineering</u>.] [F. <i>dominer</i>, L.
<i>dominari</i>: cf. OD. <i>domineren</i> to feast luxuriously. See
<u>Dominate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To rule with insolence
or arbitrary sway; to play the master; to be overbearing; to
tyrannize; to bluster; to swell with conscious superiority or
haughtiness; -- often with <i>over</i>; as, to <i>domineer</i> over
dependents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go to the feast, revel and
<i>domineer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His wishes tend abroad to roam,<BR>
And hers to <i>domineer</i> at home.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dom`i*neer"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ruling
arrogantly; overbearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A violent, brutal, <i>domineering</i> old
reprobate.</blockquote> <i>Blackw. Mag.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Haughty; overbearing; lordly. See <u>Imperious</u>.
-- <wf>Dom`i*neer"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Do*min"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>dominicalis</i>, for L. <i>dominicus</i> belonging to a master or
lord (<i>dominica dies</i> the Lord's day), fr. <i>dominus</i> master
or lord: cf. F. <i>dominical</i>. See <u>Dame</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Indicating, or pertaining to, the Lord's day,
or Sunday.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or given by, our Lord; as,
the <i>dominical</i> (or Lord's) prayer.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some words altered in the <i>dominical</i>
Gospels.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dominical altar</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the high
altar.</cd> -- <col><b>Dominical letter</b></col>, <cd>the letter
which, in almanacs, denotes Sunday, or the Lord's day (<i>dies
Domini</i>). The first seven letters of the alphabet are used for
this purpose, the same letter standing for Sunday during a whole year
(except in leap year, when the letter is changed at the end of
February). After twenty-eight years the same letters return in the
same order. The dominical letters go backwards one day every common
year, and two every leap year; <i>e. g.</i>, if the dominical letter
of a common year be G, F will be the dominical letter for the next
year. Called also <i>Sunday letter</i>.  Cf. <i>Solar cycle</i>,
under <u>Cycle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Do*min"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Lord's day or
Sunday; also, the Lord's prayer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Do*min"i*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Dominicanus</i>, fr. <i>Dominicus</i>, <i>Dominic</i>, the
founder: cf. F. <i>Dominicain</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to St.
Dominic (Dominic de Guzman), or to the religious communities named
from him.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dominican nuns</b></col>, <cd>an order of nuns founded by
St. Dominic, and chiefly employed in teaching.</cd> --
<col><b>Dominican tertiaries</b></col> (the third order of St.
Dominic). <cd>See <u>Tertiary</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Do*min"i*can</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of an order of mendicant monks founded by Dominic de Guzman,
in 1215. A province of the order was established in England in 1221.
The first foundation in the United States was made in 1807. The
Master of the Sacred Palace at Rome is always a Dominican friar. The
Dominicans are called also <i>preaching friars</i>, <i>friars
preachers</i>, <i>black friars</i> (from their black cloak),
<i>brothers of St. Mary</i>, and in France,
<i>Jacobins</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*min"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dominus</i> master + <i>caedere</i> to cut down, kill.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of killing a master.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who kills his master.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*nie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dominus</i>
master. See <u>Don</u>, <u>Dame</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
schoolmaster; a pedagogue.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This was Abel Sampson, commonly called, from
occupation as a pedagogue, <i>Dominie</i> Sampson.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A clergyman. See <u>Domine</u>, 1.</def>
[Scot. &amp; Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Do*min"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>dominio</i>,
equiv. to L. <i>dominium</i>. See <u>Domain</u>, <u>Dungeon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sovereign or supreme authority; the power of
governing and controlling; independent right of possession, use, and
control; sovereignty; supremacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I praised and honored him that liveth forever, whose
<i>dominion</i> is an everlasting <i>dominion</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dan. iv. 34.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To choose between <i>dominion</i> or
slavery.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Superior prominence; predominance;
ascendency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Objects placed foremost ought . . . have
<i>dominion</i> over things confused and transient.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is governed; territory over
which authority is exercised; the tract, district, or county,
considered as <i>subject</i>; as, the <i>dominions</i> of a king.
Also used figuratively; as, the <i>dominion</i> of the
passions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A supposed high order of
angels; dominations. See <u>Domination</u>, 3.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By him were all things created . . . whether they be
thrones, or <i>dominions</i>, or principalities, or
powers.</blockquote> <i>Col. i. 16.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sovereignty; control; rule; authority;
jurisdiction; government; territory; district; region.</p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dominos</b></plw> or (esp. the pieces for a game)
<plw><b>Dominoes</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>domino</i>, or It.
<i>domin&ograve;</i>, or Sp. <i>domin&oacute;</i>, fr. L.
<i>dominus</i> master. The <i>domino</i> was orig. a hood worn by the
canons of a cathedral. See <u>Don</u>, <u>Dame</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of hood worn by the canons of a
cathedral church; a sort of amice.</def>  <i>Kersey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mourning veil formerly worn by
women.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of mask; particularly, a half mask
worn at masquerades, to conceal the upper part of the face. Dominos
were formerly worn by ladies in traveling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A costume worn as a disguise at
masquerades, consisting of a robe with a hood adjustable at
pleasure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A person wearing a domino.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A game played by two or more
persons, with twenty-eight pieces of wood, bone, or ivory, of a flat,
oblong shape, plain at the back, but on the face divided by a line in
the middle, and either left blank or variously dotted after the
manner of dice. The game is played by matching the spots or the blank
of an unmatched half of a domino already played</def>
<i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>One of the pieces with which the game of
dominoes is played.</def>  <i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dom"i*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Domini</b></plw> (#). [L., master. See <u>Dame</u>.]
<def>Master; sir; -- a title of respect formerly applied to a knight
or a clergyman, and sometimes to the lord of a manor.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>domitare</i> to tame, fr. <i>domare</i>.] <def>That can be
tamed.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
grayish variety of trachyte; -- so called from the Puy-de-
<i>D&ocirc;me</i> in Auvergne, France, where it is found.</def></p>

<p><hw>Don</hw> (d&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>don</i>;
akin to Pg. <i>dom</i>, It. <i>donno</i>; fr. L. <i>dominus</i>
master. See <u>Dame</u>, and cf. <u>Domine</u>, <u>Dominie</u>,
<u>Domino</u>, <u>Dan</u>, <u>Dom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sir;
Mr; Signior; -- a title in Spain, formerly given to noblemen and
gentlemen only, but now common to all classes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Don</i> is used in Italy, though not so much as in
Spain. France talks of <i>Dom</i> Calmet, England of <i>Dan</i>
Lydgate.</blockquote> <i>Oliphant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grand personage, or one making
pretension to consequence; especially, the head of a college, or one
of the fellows at the English universities.</def> [Univ. Cant] "The
great <i>dons</i> of wit."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Don</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Donned</u> (d&obreve;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Donning</u>.] [<i>Do</i> + <i>on</i>; -- opposed to
<i>doff</i>. See <u>Do</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 7.] <def>To put
on; to dress in; to invest one's self with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Should I <i>don</i> this robe and trouble
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At night, or in the rain,<BR>
He <i>dons</i> a surcoat which he doffs at morn.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Do"&ntilde;a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>do&ntilde;a</i>. See <u>Duenna</u>.] <def>Lady; mistress; madam; -
- a title of respect used in Spain, prefixed to the Christian name of
a lady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>donabilis</i>,
fr. <i>donare</i> to donate.] <def>Capable of being donated or
given.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Do"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>donarium</i>,
fr. <i>donare</i>.] <def>A thing given to a sacred use.</def> [R.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Don"at</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Donatus</i>, a
famous grammarian.] <def>A grammar.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>donet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Don"a*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Donatory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"nate</hw> (d&omacr;"n&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Donated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Donating</u>.] [L. <i>donatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>donare</i> to donate, fr. <i>donum</i> gift, fr. <i>dare</i> to
give. See 2d <u>Date</u>.] <def>To give; to bestow; to present; as,
to <i>donate</i> fifty thousand dollars to a college.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>donatio</i>;
cf. F. <i>donation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of giving or
bestowing; a grant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After <i>donation</i> there is an absolute change and
alienation of the property of the thing given.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is given as a present; that
which is transferred to another gratuitously; a gift.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And some <i>donation</i> freely to estate<BR>
On the bless'd lovers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act or contract by which
a person voluntarily transfers the title to a thing of which be is
the owner, from himself to another, without any consideration, as a
free gift.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Donation party</b></col>, <cd>a party assembled at the
house of some one, as of a clergyman, each one bringing some
present.</cd> [U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gift; present; benefaction; grant. See
<u>Gift</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Don"a*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>Donatisme</i>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>The tenets of the
Donatists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Don"a*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>Donatista</i>: cf. F. <i>Donatiste</i>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>A follower of Donatus, the leader of a body of North African
schismatics and purists, who greatly disturbed the church in the 4th
century. They claimed to be the true church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Don`a*tis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to Donatism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Don"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>donativum</i>, fr. <i>donare</i>: cf. F. <i>donatif</i>. See
<u>Donate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gift; a largess; a
gratuity; a present.</def> "The Romans were entertained with shows
and <i>donatives</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <def>A benefice conferred on
a person by the founder or patron, without either presentation or
institution by the ordinary, or induction by his orders. See the Note
under <u>Benefice</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Don"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vested or vesting
by donation; as, a <i>donative</i> advowson.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Do*na"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.  Cf.
<u>Donor</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who makes a gift; a donor; a
giver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Don"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots Law)</i>
<def>A donee of the crown; one the whom, upon certain condition,
escheated property is made over.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"-naught`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Do</i> +
<i>naught</i>.] <def>A lazy, good-for-nothing fellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Do"nax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., reed, also a sea
fish, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A canelike grass of southern
Europe (<i>Arundo Donax</i>), used for fishing rods, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Don*cel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., lit., a
maid.  Cf. <u>Damsel</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A handsome fish
of Florida and the West Indies (<i>Platyglossus radiatus</i>). The
name is applied also to the ladyfish (<i>Harpe rufa</i>) of the same
region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Done</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> from <u>Do</u>,
and formerly the <pos><i>infinitive.</i></pos></def>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Performed; executed; finished.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>It is done or agreed; let it be a match or
bargain; -- used elliptically.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Done brown</b></col>, <cd>a phrase in cookery; applied
figuratively to one who has been thoroughly deceived, cheated, or
fooled.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Done for</b></col>, <cd>tired out;
used up; collapsed; destroyed; dead; killed.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>Done up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Wrapped up</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Worn out; exhausted.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Done</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupted from OF.
<i>don&eacute;</i>, F. <i>donn&eacute;</i>, p. p. of OF.
<i>doner</i>, F. <i>donner</i>, to give, issue, fr. L. <i>donare</i>
to give. See <u>Donate</u>, and cf. <u>Donee</u>.] <def>Given;
executed; issued; made public; -- used chiefly in the clause giving
the date of a proclamation or public act.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*nee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>don&eacute;</i>, F. <i>donn&eacute;</i>, p. p. See the preceding
word.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The person to whom a gift or donation
is made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Anciently, one to whom lands
were given; in later use, one to whom lands and tenements are given
in tail; in modern use, one on whom a power is conferred for
execution; -- sometimes called the <i>appointor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Don"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Donat</u>. <i>Piers Plowman</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Tamil
<i>t&?;n&imacr;</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A clumsy craft, having one
mast with a long sail, used for trading purposes on the coasts of
Coromandel and Ceylon.</def> [Written also <i>dhony</i>,
<i>doney</i>, and <i>done</i>.]   <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><! p. 445 !></p>

<p><hw>Do*nif"er*ous</hw> (d&osl;*n&ibreve;f"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>donum</i> gift + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<def>Bearing gifts.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Don"jon</hw> (d&ubreve;n"j&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Dungeon</u>.] <def>The chief tower, also called the
<i>keep</i>; a massive tower in ancient castles, forming the
strongest part of the fortifications. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Castle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Don"key</hw> (d&obreve;&nsm;"k&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Donkeys</b></plw> (-k&ibreve;z). [Prob.
<i>dun</i>, in allusion to the color of the animal + a dim.
termination.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ass; or (less frequently) a
mule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stupid or obstinate fellow; an
ass.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Donkey engine</b></col>, <cd>a small auxiliary engine not
used for propelling, but for pumping water into the boilers, raising
heavy weights, and like purposes.</cd> -- <col><b>Donkey
pump</b></col>, <cd>a steam pump for feeding boilers, extinguishing
fire, etc.; -- usually an auxiliary.</cd> -- <col><b>Donkey's
eye</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the large round seed of the
<i>Mucuna pruriens</i>, a tropical leguminous plant.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Don"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>donna</i>, L.
<i>domina</i>. See <u>Don</u>, <u>Dame</u>.] <def>A lady; madam;
mistress; -- the title given a lady in Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Don"nat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from <i>do-
naught</i>.] <def>See <u>Do-naught</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Don"nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<u>Don</u>,
<pos><i>n</i></pos>., 2.] <def>Self-importance; loftiness of
carriage.</def> [Cant, Eng. Universities]</p>

<p><hw>Do"nor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>donneur</i>, OF.
<i>daneor</i>, fr. <i>donner</i>. See <u>Donee</u>, and cf.
<u>Donator</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who gives or bestows;
one who confers anything gratuitously; a benefactor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who grants an estate; in
later use, one who confers a power; -- the opposite of
<i>donee</i>.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Touching, the parties unto deeds and charters, we are
to consider as well the <i>donors</i> and granters as the donees or
grantees.</blockquote> <i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"-noth`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Doing
nothing; inactive; idle; lazy; as, a <i>do-nothing</i>
policy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Do"-noth`ing*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Do"-noth`ing*ness</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inactivity; habitual sloth; idleness.</def>
[Jocular]  <i>Carlyle. Miss Austen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Don"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
rank of a don, gentleman, or knight.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Don"zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>donzello</i>, Sp. <i>doncel</i>, OF. <i>danzel</i>. See
<u>Damsel</u>, <u>Don</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A young squire,
or knight's attendant; a page.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp;  Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
dove.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Doob" grass`</hw> (?). [Hind. <i>d&?;b</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A perennial, creeping grass (<i>Cynodon dactylon</i>), highly
prized, in Hindostan, as food for cattle, and acclimated in the
United States.</def> [Written also <i>doub grass</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Doo"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Dawdle</u>.]
<def>A trifler; a simple fellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doo"dle*sack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>dudelsack</i>.] <def>The Scotch bagpipe.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Doole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sorrow; dole.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doo"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Doolies</b></plw> (#). [Skr. <i>d&?;la</i>.] <def>A kind of
litter suspended from men's shoulders, for carrying persons or
things; a palanquin.</def> [Written also <i>doolee</i> and
<i>doolie</i>.] [East Indies]</p>

<p><blockquote>Having provided <i>doolies</i>, or little bamboo
chairs slung on four men's shoulders, in which I put my papers and
boxes, we next morning commenced the ascent.</blockquote> <i>J. D.
Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doom</hw> (d&oomac;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [As.
<i>d&omacr;m</i>; akin to OS. <i>d&omacr;m</i>, OHG. <i>tuom</i>,
Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>dom</i>, Icel. <i>d&omacr;mr</i>, Goth.
<i>d&omacr;ms</i>, Gr. <grk>qe`mis</grk> law; fr. the root of E.
<i>do</i>, v. t. &radic;65.  See <u>Do</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>Deem</u>, <u>-dom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Judgment;
judicial sentence; penal decree; condemnation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first <i>dooms</i> of London provide especially
the recovery of cattle belonging to the citizens.</blockquote> <i>J.
R. Green.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now against himself he sounds this
<i>doom</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That to which one is doomed or sentenced;
destiny or fate, esp. unhappy destiny; penalty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere Hector meets his <i>doom</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And homely household task shall be her
<i>doom</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ruin; death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the day of <i>doom</i> for
Bassianus.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Discriminating opinion or judgment;
discrimination; discernment; decision.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And there he learned of things and haps to come,<BR>
To give foreknowledge true, and certain <i>doom</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sentence; condemnation; decree; fate; destiny; lot;
ruin; destruction.</p>

<p><hw>Doom</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Doomed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dooming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To judge; to estimate or
determine as a judge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pronounce sentence or judgment on; to
condemn; to consign by a decree or sentence; to sentence; as, a
criminal <i>doomed</i> to chains or death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Absolves the just, and <i>dooms</i> the guilty
souls.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To ordain as penalty; hence, to mulct or
fine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have I tongue to <i>doom</i> my brother's
death?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To assess a tax upon, by estimate or at
discretion.</def> [New England]  <i>J. Pickering.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To destine; to fix irrevocably the destiny
or fate of; to appoint, as by decree or by fate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of genius . . . <i>doomed</i> to struggle with
difficulties.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doom"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A penalty or fine
for neglect.</def> [Local, New England]</p>

<p><hw>Doom"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
condemnation or destructive power.</def> [R.] "That <i>doomful</i>
deluge."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doom" palm`</hw> (?). [Ar. <i>daum</i>, <i>d&umacr;m</i>: cf.
F. <i>doume</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of palm tree
(<i>Hyph&aelig;ne Thebaica</i>), highly valued for the fibrous pulp
of its fruit, which has the flavor of gingerbread, and is largely
eaten in Egypt and Abyssinia.</def> [Written also <i>doum
palm</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dooms"day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>d&?;mes
d&amacr;g</i>. See <u>Doom</u>, and <u>Day</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A day of sentence or condemnation; day of death.</def> "My
body's <i>doomsday</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The day of the final judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I could not tell till <i>doomsday</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Doomsday Book</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Domesday
Book</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dooms"man</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Doom</i> +
<i>man</i>.] <def>A judge; an umpire.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hampole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doom"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Dempster</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Door</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dore</i>,
<i>dure</i>, AS. <i>duru</i>; akin to OS. <i>dura</i>, <i>dor</i>, D.
<i>deur</i>, OHG. <i>turi</i>, door, <i>tor</i> gate, G.
<i>th&uuml;r</i>, <i>thor</i>, Icel. <i>dyrr</i>, Dan.
<i>d&ouml;r</i>, Sw. <i>d&ouml;rr</i>, Goth. <i>daur</i>, Lith.
<i>durys</i>, Russ. <i>dvere</i>, Olr. <i>dorus</i>, L. <i>fores</i>,
Gr. &?;; cf. Skr. <i>dur</i>, <i>dv&amacr;ra</i>. &radic;246.  Cf.
<u>Foreign</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opening in the wall of a
house or of an apartment, by which to go in and out; an entrance
way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the same end, men several paths may tread,<BR>
As many <i>doors</i> into one temple lead.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The frame or barrier of boards, or other
material, usually turning on hinges, by which an entrance way into a
house or apartment is closed and opened.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At last he came unto an iron <i>door</i><BR>
That fast was locked.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Passage; means of approach or
access.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am the <i>door</i>; by me if any man enter in, he
shall be saved.</blockquote> <i>John x. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An entrance way, but taken in the sense of
the <i>house</i> or <i>apartment</i> to which it leads.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Martin's office is now the second <i>door</i> in the
street.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Blank door</b></col>, <col><b>Blind door</b></col>,
<cd>etc. <i>(Arch.)</i> See under <u>Blank</u>, <u>Blind</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>In doors</b></col>, or <col><b>Within
doors</b></col>, <cd>within the house.</cd> -- <col><b>Next door
to</b></col>, <cd>near to; bordering on.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>A riot unpunished is but <i>next door to</i> a
tumult.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Out of doors</b></col>, or <col><b>Without
doors</b></col>, <i>and, colloquially</i>, <col><b>Out
doors</b></col>, <cd>out of the house; in open air; abroad; away;
lost.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>His imaginary title of fatherhood is <i>out of
doors</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.  </i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To lay (a fault, misfortune, etc.) at one's
door</b></col>, <cd>to charge one with a fault; to blame for.</cd> --
<col><b>To lie at one's door</b></col>, <cd>to be imputable or
chargeable to.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>If I have failed, the fault <i>lies</i> wholly <i>at
my door</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Door</i> is used in an adjectival construction or as the
first part of a compound (with or without the hyphen), as,
<i>door</i> frame, <i>door</i>bell or <i>door</i> bell, <i>door</i>
knob or <i>door</i>knob, <i>door</i> latch or <i>door</i>latch,
<i>door</i> jamb, <i>door</i> handle, <i>door</i> mat, <i>door</i>
panel.</p>

<p><hw>Door"case`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The surrounding
frame into which a door shuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Door"cheek`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The jamb or
sidepiece of a door.</def>  <i>Ex. xii. 22 (Douay version).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Door"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>Durg&amacr;</i>.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A Hindoo divinity, the
consort of Siva, represented with ten arms.</def> [Written also
Durga.]  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Door"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The frame of a
door.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Door"keep`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
guards the entrance of a house or apartment; a porter; a
janitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Door"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Door"nail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The nail or
knob on which in ancient doors the knocker struck; -- hence the old
saying, "As dead as a <i>doornail</i>."</def></p>

<p><hw>Door"plane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plane on a
door, giving the name, and sometimes the employment, of the
occupant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Door"post`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The jamb or
sidepiece of a doorway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Door"sill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The sill or
threshold of a door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Door"stead</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Entrance or
place of a door.</def> [Obs. or Local]  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Door"step`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The stone or
plank forming a step before an outer door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Door"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The stone
forming a threshold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Door"stop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i>
<def>The block or strip of wood or similar material which stops, at
the right place, the shutting of a door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Door"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The passage of a
door; entrance way into a house or a room.</def></p>

<p><hw>Door"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yard in front
of a house or around the door of a house.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dop</hw>, <hw>Doop</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
little copper cup in which a diamond is held while being
cut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Dap</u>,
<u>Dip</u>.] <def>To dip.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dip; a low
courtesy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>dooper</i>.]
[Written also <i>doper</i>.] <def>An Anabaptist or Baptist.</def>
[Contemptuous]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dop"pler*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after the
physicist and mathematician Christian <i>Doppler</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A brownish black native hydrocarbon occurring in elastic or
jellylike masses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doq"uet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A warrant. See
<u>Docket</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>dora</i> drone,
locust, D. <i>tor</i> beetle, L. <i>taurus</i> a kind of beetle.  Cf.
<u>Dormouse</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large European scaraboid
beetle (<i>Geotrupes stercorarius</i>), which makes a droning noise
while flying. The name is also applied to allied American species, as
the <i>June bug</i>. Called also <i>dorr</i>, <i>dorbeetle</i>, or
<i>dorrbeetle</i>, <i>dorbug</i>, <i>dorrfly</i>, and <i>buzzard
clock</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Dor</u> a beetle, and
<u>Hum</u>, <u>Humbug</u>.] <def>A trick, joke, or deception.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To give one the dor</b></col>, <cd>to make a fool of
him.</cd> [Archaic]  <i>P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a fool of; to
deceive.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>dorr</i>.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do*ra"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>dorado</i>
gilt, fr. <i>dorar</i> to gild, fr. L. <i>deaurare</i>. See 1st
<u>Dory</u>, and cf. <u>Fl Dorado</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A southern constellation, within which is the
south pole of the ecliptic; -- called also sometimes <i>Xiphias</i>,
or the <i>Swordfish</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, oceanic fish
of the genus <i>Coryph&aelig;na</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"bee`tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See 1st <u>Dor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"ree</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dory</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European marine fish (<i>Zeus faber</i>),
of a yellow color. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>John Doree</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The popular name in England is <i>John Doree</i>, or
<i>Dory</i>, well known to be a corruption of F. <i>jaune-
dor&eacute;e</i>, <i>i. e.</i>, golden-yellow. See 1st
<u>Dory</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dore"tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
doorpost.</def> [Obs.] "As dead as a <i>doretree</i>."  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dor"hawk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European goatsucker; -- so called because it eats the
<i>dor</i> beetle. See <u>Goatsucker</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>dorrhawk</i>.]  <i>Booth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the ancient Greeks of Doris; Doric; as, a
<i>Dorian</i> fashion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Doric</u>,
3.</def> "<i>Dorian</i> mood."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dorian mode</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the first of the
authentic church modes or tones, from D to D, resembling our D minor
scale, but with the B natural.</cd>  <i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Doris in Greece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Doricus</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; the Dorians.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to
Doris, in ancient Greece, or to the Dorians; as, the <i>Doric</i>
dialect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Belonging to, or
resembling, the oldest and simplest of the three orders of
architecture used by the Greeks, but ranked as second of the five
orders adopted by the Romans. See <u>Abacus</u>, <u>Capital</u>,
<u>Order</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This order is distinguished, according to the treatment of
details, as <i>Grecian Doric</i>, or <i>Roman Doric</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Of or relating to one of the
ancient Greek musical modes or keys. Its character was adapted both
to religions occasions and to war.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Doric
dialect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Doric phrase
or idiom.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Do"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Doris</i>, the
daughter of Oceanus, and wife of Nereus, Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of nudibranchiate mollusks having a
wreath of branchi&aelig; on the back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>A Doric
phrase or idiom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"king fowl`</hw> (?). [From the town of <i>Dorking</i> in
England.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a breed of large-bodied
domestic fowls, having five toes, or the hind toe double. There are
several strains, as the <i>white</i>, <i>gray</i>, and <i>silver-
gray</i>. They are highly esteemed for the table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"man*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Dormant</u>.] <def>The state of being dormant; quiescence;
abeyance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"mant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. pr. of
<i>dormir</i> to sleep, from L. <i>dormire</i>; cf. Gr. &?;, Skr.
<i>dr&amacr;</i>, OSlav. <i>dr&?;mati</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sleeping; as, a <i>dormant</i> animal; hence, not in action or
exercise; quiescent; at rest; in abeyance; not disclosed, asserted,
or insisted on; as, <i>dormant</i> passions; <i>dormant</i> claims or
titles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is by lying <i>dormant</i> a long time, or being .
. . very rarely exercised, that arbitrary power steals upon a
people.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>In a sleeping posture; as, a
lion <i>dormant</i>; -- distinguished from <i>couchant</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dormant partner</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a partner who
takes no share in the active business of a company or partnership,
but is entitled to a share of the profits, and subject to a share in
losses; -- called also <i>sleeping or silent partner</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dormant window</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a dormer window.
See <u>Dormer</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Table dormant</b></col>, <cd>a
stationary table.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dor"mant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dormant</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A large beam in the roof of
a house upon which portions of the other timbers rest or "
sleep."</def>  <i>Arch. Pub. Soc.</i> -- Called also <i>dormant
tree</i>, <i>dorman tree</i>, <i>dormond</i>, and <i>dormer</i>.
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dor"mer</hw> (?), or <hw>Dor"mer win"dow</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Literally, the window of a sleeping apartment.
F. <i>dormir</i> to sleep. See <u>Dormant</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A window pierced in a roof,
and so set as to be vertical while the roof slopes away from it.
Also, the gablet, or houselike structure, in which it is
contained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"mi*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dormitif</i>, fr. <i>dormire</i> to sleep.] <def>Causing sleep;
as, the <i>dormitive</i> properties of opium.</def> <i>Clarke.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine to promote sleep;
a soporific; an opiate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"mi*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dormitories</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>dormitorium</i>, fr.
<i>dormitorius</i> of or for sleeping, fr. <i>dormire</i> to sleep.
See <u>Dormant</u>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sleeping room, or a
building containing a series of sleeping rooms; a sleeping apartment
capable of containing many beds; esp., one connected with a college
or boarding school.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A burial place.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My sister was interred in a very honorable manner in
our <i>dormitory</i>, joining to the parish church.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dor"mouse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dormice</b></plw> (#). [Perh. fr. F. <i>dormir</i> to sleep
(Prov. E. <i>dorm</i> to doze) + E. <i>mouse</i>; or perh. changed
fr. F. <i>dormeuse</i>, fem., a sleeper, though not found in the
sense of <i>a dormouse</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
European rodent of the genus <i>Myoxus</i>, of several species. They
live in trees and feed on nuts, acorns, etc.; -- so called because
they are usually torpid in winter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dorn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>dorn</i> thorn,
D. <i>doorn</i>, and G. <i>dorn</i>fisch stickleback.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A British ray; the thornback.</def></p>

<p><! p. 446 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dor"nick</hw> (?), or <hw>Dor"nock</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coarse sort of damask, originally made at
Tournay (in Flemish, <i>Doornick</i>), Belgium, and used for
hangings, carpets, etc. Also, a stout figured linen manufactured in
Scotland.</def> [Formerly written also <i>darnex</i>, <i>dornic</i>,
<i>dorneck</i>, etc.]  <i>Halliwell.</i> <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Ure says that <i>dornock</i>, a kind of stout figured
linen, derives its name from a town in Scotland where it was first
manufactured for tablecloths.</p>

<p><hw>Dorp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LG. &amp; D. <i>dorp</i>. See
<u>Thorpe</u>.] <def>A hamlet.</def> "A mean fishing <i>dorp</i>."
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dorr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The dorbeetle; also,
a drone or an idler. See 1st <u>Dor</u>.</def>  <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dorr</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
deceive. [Obs.] See <u>Dor</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deafen with noise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dorr"fly`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See 1st <u>Dor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dorr"hawk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Dorhawk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"sad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Dorsum</i> +L.
<i>ad</i> towards.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Toward the dorsum or back; on
the dorsal side; dorsally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>dorsal</i>, LL.
<i>dorsalis</i>, fr. L. <i>dorsualis</i>, fr. <i>dorsum</i> back; cf.
Gr. &?;, &?;, mountain ridge.  Cf. <u>Dorse</u>, <u>Dorsel</u>,
<u>Dosel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or situated near, the back, or dorsum, of an animal or of one of its
parts; notal; tergal; neural; as, the <i>dorsal</i> fin of a fish;
the <i>dorsal</i> artery of the tongue; -- opposed to
<i>ventral</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Pertaining to the surface naturally inferior, as of a
leaf.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to the surface
naturally superior, as of a creeping hepatic moss.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dorsal vessel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a central
pulsating blood vessel along the back of insects, acting as a
heart.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dor"sal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>dorsale</i>, neut.
fr. <i>dorsalis</i>. See <u>Dorsal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A hanging, usually of rich stuff, at the back
of a throne, or of an altar, or in any similar position.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"sale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Dorsal</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"sal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>On, or toward, the dorsum, or back; on the dorsal side of;
dorsad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dorse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>dorsum</i> the
back. See <u>Dorsel</u>, <u>Dosel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Same
as <u>dorsal</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The back of a book.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Books, all richly bound, with gilt
<i>dorses</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dorse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Baltic or variable cod (<i>Gadus callarias</i>), by some believed to
be the young of the common codfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dosser</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pannier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Dorsal</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dosser</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||dor`si*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., from L. <i>dorsum</i> back + <i>branchiae</i> gills.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of ch&aelig;topod annelids in
which the branchi&aelig; are along the back, on each side, or on the
parapodia. [See <i>Illusts</i>. under <u>Annelida</u> and
<u>Ch&aelig;topoda</u>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor`si*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having branchi&aelig; along the back;
belonging to the Dorsibranchiata.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One of the Dorsibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor*sif"er*ous</hw> (?),. [<i>Dorsum</i> + <i>-ferous</i>; cf.
F. <i>dorsif&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Bearing, or
producing, on the back; -- applied to ferns which produce seeds on
the back of the leaf, and to certain Batrachia, the ova of which
become attached to the skin of the back of the parent, where they
develop; dorsiparous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor`si*mes"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dorsum</i> +
<i>meson</i>.] <def>(Anat.) See <u>Meson</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor*sip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Dorsum</i> +
L. <i>parere</i> to bring forth.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Dorsiferous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor`si*ven"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Dorsum</i>
+ <i>ventral</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having
distinct upper and lower surfaces, as most common leaves. The leaves
of the iris are not <i>dorsiventral</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Dorsoventral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor`so*ven"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>dorsum</i>
+ <i>ventral</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>From the dorsal to the ventral
side of an animal; as, the <i>dorsoventral</i> axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dor"sum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The ridge of a hill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The back or dorsal region
of an animal; the upper side of an appendage or part; as, the
<i>dorsum</i> of the tongue.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dor"tour</hw> (?), <hw>Dor"ture</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>dortoir</i>, fr. L. <i>dormitorium</i>.]
<def>A dormitory.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dories</b></plw> (#). [Named from 1st color, fr. F.
<i>dor&eacute;e</i> gilded, fr. <i>dorer</i> to gild, L.
<i>deaurare</i>. See <u>Deaurate</u>, and cf. <u>Aureole</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European fish. See
<u>Doree</u>, and <u>John Doree</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American wall-eyed
perch; -- called also <i>dor&eacute;</i>. See <u>Pike
perch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dories</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A small, strong, flat-bottomed
rowboat, with sharp prow and flaring sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Do*ryph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Doryphoros</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of plant-eating
beetles, including the potato beetle. See <u>Potato
beetle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Do*ryph"o*ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, lit., spear bearing; &?; a spear + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear.]
<i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A spear bearer; a statue of a man holding a
spear or in the attitude of a spear bearer. Several important
sculptures of this subject existed in antiquity, copies of which
remain to us.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dose</hw> (d&omacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>dose</i>,
Gr. <grk>do`sis</grk> a giving, a dose, fr. <grk>dido`nai</grk> to
give; akin to L. <i>dare</i> to give. See <u>Date</u> point of time.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quantity of medicine given, or prescribed
to be taken, at one time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sufficient quantity; a portion; as much
as one can take, or as falls to one to receive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything nauseous that one is obliged to
take; a disagreeable portion thrust upon one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am for curing the world by gentle alteratives, not
by violent <i>doses</i>.</blockquote> <i> W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I dare undertake that as fulsome a <i>dose</i> as you
give him, he shall readily take it down.</blockquote> <i>
South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dose</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dosed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>dosing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>doser</i>. See <u>Dose</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To proportion properly
(a medicine), with reference to the patient or the disease; to form
into suitable doses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give doses to; to medicine or physic
to; to give potions to, constantly and without need.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A self-opinioned physician, worse than his distemper,
who shall <i>dose</i>, and bleed, and kill him, "secundum
artem."</blockquote> <i> South</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give anything nauseous to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dos"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>dossel</i>; cf.
LL. <i>dorsale</i>. See <u>Dorsal</u>, and cf. <u>Dorse</u>,
<u>Dorsel</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Dorsal</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Do*sol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dose</i> +-
<i>logy</i>.] <def>Posology.</def> [R.]  <i>Ogilvie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dos"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dosel</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Same as <u>Dorsal</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Dos"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>dosserum</i>,
or F. <i>dossier</i> bundle of papers, part of a basket resting on
the back, fr. L. <i>dorsum</i> back. See <u>Dorsal</u>, and cf.
<u>Dosel</u>.] [Written also <i>dorser</i> and <i>dorsel</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pannier, or basket.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To hire a ripper's mare, and buy new
<i>dossers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp;  Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hanging tapestry; a dorsal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dos"sil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dosil</i>
faucet of a barrel, OF. <i>dosil</i>, <i>duisil</i>, spigot, LL.
<i>diciculus</i>, <i>ducillus</i>, fr. L. <i>ducere</i> to lead,
draw. See <u>Duct</u>, <u>Duke</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A small ovoid or cylindrical roil or pledget of
lint, for keeping a sore, wound, etc., open; a tent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Printing)</i> <def>A roll of cloth for
wiping off the face of a copperplate, leaving the ink in the engraved
lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dost</hw> (?), <pos><i>2d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Do</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>dos</i>,
<i>dotis</i>, dowry. See <u>Dower</u>, and cf. <u>Dote</u> dowry.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A marriage portion; dowry.</def> [Louisiana]</p>

<p><hw>Dot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>dott</i> small
spot, speck; of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
point or spot, made with a pen or other pointed instrument; a speck,
or small mark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything small and like a speck
comparatively; a small portion or specimen; as, a <i>dot</i> of a
child.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dotting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark with dots or small
spots; as, to <i>dot</i> a line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark or diversify with small detached
objects; <i>as</i>, <i>a landscape dotted</i> with
cottages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make dots or
specks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"tage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Dote</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Feebleness or
imbecility of understanding or mind, particularly in old age; the
childishness of old age; senility; as, a venerable man, now in his
<i>dotage</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Capable of distinguishing between the infancy and the
<i>dotage</i> of Greek literature.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Foolish utterance; drivel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sapless <i>dotages</i> of old Paris and
Salamanca.</blockquote> <i> Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Excessive fondness; weak and foolish
affection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dotage</i> of the nation on
presbytery.</blockquote> <i> Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dotalis</i>, fr.
<i>dos</i>, <i>dotis</i>, dowry: cf. F. <i>dotal</i>. See <u>Dot</u>
dowry.] <def>Pertaining to dower, or a woman's marriage portion;
constituting dower, or comprised in it.</def>  <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dotard.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"tard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<u>Dote</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>One whose mind is impaired by age; one
in second childhood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sickly <i>dotard</i> wants a wife.</blockquote>
<i> Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"tard*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foolish;
weak.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dotard's
weakness; dotage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Do*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>dotatio</i>,
fr. L. <i>dotare</i> to endow, fr. <i>dos</i>, <i>dotis</i>, dower:
cf. F. <i>dotation</i>. See <u>Dot</u> dowry.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of endowing, or bestowing a marriage portion on a
woman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Endowment; establishment of funds for
support, as of a hospital or eleemosynary corporation.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dot</u> dowry.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A marriage portion. [Obs.] See 1st
<u>Dot</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>  <i>Wyatt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Natural endowments.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dote</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Doted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Doting</u>.] [OE. <i>doten</i>; akin to OD. <i>doten</i>, D.
<i>dutten</i>, to doze, Icel. <i>dotta</i> to nod from sleep, MHG.
<i>t&?;zen</i> to keep still: cf. F. <i>doter</i>, OF. <i>radoter</i>
(to dote, rave, talk idly or senselessly), which are from the same
source.] [Written also <i>doat</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To act
foolishly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He wol make him <i>doten</i> anon right.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be weak-minded, silly, or idiotic; to
have the intellect impaired, especially by age, so that the mind
wanders or wavers; to drivel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time has made you <i>dote</i>, and vainly tell<BR>
Of arms imagined in your lonely cell.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He survived the use of his reason, grew infatuated,
and <i>doted</i> long before he died.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be excessively or foolishly fond; to
love to excess; to be weakly affectionate; -- with <i>on or upon</i>;
as, the mother <i>dotes</i> on her child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sing, siren, for thyself, and I will
<i>dote</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What dust we <i>dote</i> on, when 't is man we
love.</blockquote> <i> Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dote</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An imbecile; a
dotard.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dot"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Stupid; foolish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Senseless speech and <i>doted</i>
ignorance.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Half-rotten; as, <i>doted</i> wood.</def>
[Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dote"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dotard.</def>
[R.]  <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dot"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who dotes; a man whose understanding is enfeebled by age; a
dotard.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One excessively fond, or weak in
love.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dot"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The acts or
speech of a dotard; drivel.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Doth</hw> (?), <pos><i>3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Do</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dot"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That dotes; silly;
excessively fond.</def> -- <wf>Dot"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Dot"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dot"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foolish; weak;
imbecile.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dot"tard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <u>Dotard</u> ?]
<def>An old, decayed tree.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dot"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked with, or
made of, dots or small spots; diversified with small, detached
objects.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dotted note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a note followed
by a dot to indicate an increase of length equal to one half of its
simple value; thus, a dotted semibreve is equal to three minims, and
a dotted quarter to three eighth notes.</cd> -- <col><b>Dotted
rest</b></col>, <cd>a rest lengthened by a dot in the same manner as
a dotted note.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; Notes and rests are sometimes followed by two dots, to
indicate an increase of length equal to three quarters of their
simple value, and they are then said to be <i>double-dotted</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Dot"ter*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Dottard</u>.] <def>Decayed.</def> "Some old <i>dotterel</i>
trees." [Obs.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dot"ter*el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Dote</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A European bird of the Plover family (<i>Eudromias, or
Charadrius, morinellus</i>). It is tame and easily taken, and is
popularly believed to imitate the movements of the fowler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In catching of <i>dotterels</i> we see how the foolish
bird playeth the ape in gestures.</blockquote> <i> Bacon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The ringed dotterel (or ring plover) is <i>Charadrius
hiaticula</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A silly fellow; a dupe; a gull.</def>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dot"ting pen`</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Pun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dot"trel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Dotterel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Dottard</u>.]
<def>Half-rotten; as, <i>doty</i> timber.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Dou`ane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
customhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dou`a"nier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An
officer of the French customs.</def> [Anglicized form
<i>douaneer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dou"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Ar.
<i>d&?;&amacr;r</i>.] <def>A village composed of Arab tents arranged
in streets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ay Bi"ble</hw> (?). [From <i>Douay</i>, or <i>Douai</i>, a
town in France.] <def>A translation of the Scriptures into the
English language for the use of English-speaking Roman Catholics; --
done from the Latin Vulgate by English scholars resident in France.
The New Testament portion was published at Rheims, <u>A. D.</u> 1582,
the Old Testament at Douai, <u>A. D.</u> 1609-10. Various revised
editions have since been published.</def> [Written also <i>Doway
Bible</i>. Called also the <i>Rheims and Douay version</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Doub" grass`</hw> (d&oomac;b" gr&adot;s).<i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Doob grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble</hw> (d&ubreve;b"'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>doble</i>, <i>duble</i>, <i>double</i>, OF. <i>doble</i>,
<i>duble</i>, <i>double</i>, F. <i>double</i>, fr. L. <i>duplus</i>,
fr. the root of <i>duo</i> two, and perh. that of <i>plenus</i> full;
akin to Gr. <grk>diplo`os</grk> double.  See <u>Two</u>, and
<u>Full</u>, and cf. <u>Diploma</u>, <u>Duple</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Twofold; multiplied by two; increased by its
equivalent; made twice as large or as much, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let a <i>double</i> portion of thy spirit be upon
me.</blockquote> <i> 2 Kings ii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Darkness and tempest make a <i>double</i>
night.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being in pairs; presenting two of a kind,
or two in a set together; coupled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Let] The swan, on still St. Mary's lake,<BR>
Float <i>double</i>, swan and shadow.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Divided into two; acting two parts, one
openly and the other secretly; equivocal; deceitful;
insincere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With a <i>double</i> heart do they speak.</blockquote>
<i> Ps. xii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the petals in a
flower considerably increased beyond the natural number, usually as
the result of cultivation and the expense of the stamens, or stamens
and pistils. The white water lily and some other plants have their
blossoms naturally <i>double</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Double</i> is often used as the first part of a compound
word, generally denoting <i>two ways</i>, or <i>twice the number</i>,
<i>quantity</i>, <i>force</i>, etc., <i>twofold</i>, or <i>having
two</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Double base</b></col>, or <col><b>Double bass</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the largest and lowest-toned instrument in the
violin form; the contrabasso or violone.</cd> -- <col><b>Double
convex</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Convex</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Double
counterpoint</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>that species of
counterpoint or composition, in which two of the parts may be
inverted, by setting one of them an octave higher or lower.</cd> --
<col><b>Double court</b></col> <i>(Lawn Tennis)</i>, <cd>a court laid
out for four players, two on each side.</cd> -- <col><b>Double
dagger</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a reference mark (&Dagger;)
next to the dagger (&dagger;) in order; a diesis.</cd> --
<col><b>Double drum</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a large drum that is
beaten at both ends.</cd> -- <col><b>Double eagle</b></col>, <cd>a
gold coin of the United States having the value of 20 dollars.</cd> -
- <col><b>Double entry</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bookkeeping</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Double floor</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a floor in which binding joists support flooring
joists above and ceiling joists below. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<i>Double-framed floor</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Double flower</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Double</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> --
<col><b>Double-framed floor</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a double
floor having girders into which the binding joists are framed.</cd> -
- <col><b>Double fugue</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a fugue on two
subjects.</cd> -- <col><b>Double letter</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Print.)</i> <cd>Two letters on one shank; a
ligature</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A mail requiring double
postage.</cd> -- <col><b>Double note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a
note of double the length of the semibreve; a breve. See
<u>Breve</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Double octave</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>an interval composed of two octaves, or fifteen notes, in
diatonic progression; a fifteenth.</cd> -- <col><b>Double
pica</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Pica</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Double
play</b></col> <i>(Baseball)</i>, <cd>a play by which two players are
put out at the same time.</cd> -- <col><b>Double plea</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a plea alleging several matters in answer to the
declaration, where either of such matters alone would be a sufficient
bar to the action.</cd> <i>Stephen.</i> -- <col><b>Double
point</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a point of a curve at which two
branches cross each other. Conjugate or isolated points of a curve
are called <i>double points</i>, since they possess most of the
properties of <i>double points</i> (see <u>Conjugate</u>). They are
also called <i>acnodes</i>, and those points where the branches of
the curve really cross are called <i>crunodes</i>. The extremity of a
cusp is also a <i>double point</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Double
quarrel</b></col>. <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <cd>See <i>Duplex querela</i>,
under <u>Duplex</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Double refraction</b></col>.
<i>(Opt.)</i> <cd>See <u>Refraction</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Double
salt</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A mixed salt
of any polybasic acid which has been saturated by different bases or
basic radicals, as the double carbonate of sodium and potassium,
NaKCO<sub>3</sub>.<sub>6</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A molecular combination of two distinct
salts, as common alum, which consists of the sulphate of aluminium,
and the sulphate of potassium or ammonium.</cd> -- <col><b>Double
shuffle</b></col>, <cd>a low, noisy dance.</cd> -- <col><b>Double
standard</b></col> <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i>, <cd>a double standard of
monetary values; <i>i. e.</i>, a gold standard and a silver standard,
both of which are made legal tender.</cd> -- <col><b>Double
star</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>two stars so near to each other
as to be seen separate only by means of a telescope. Such stars may
be only <i>optically</i> near to each other, or may be
<i>physically</i> connected so that they revolve round their common
center of gravity, and in the latter case are called also
<i>binary</i> stars.</cd> -- <col><b>Double time</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>. <cd>Same as <u>Double-quick</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Double window</b></col>, <cd>a window having two sets of
glazed sashes with an air space between them.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 447 !></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Twice;
doubly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>double</i> their age.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Doubled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Doubling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>doblen</i>, <i>dublen</i>,
<i>doublen</i>, F. <i>doubler</i>, fr. L. <i>duplare</i>, fr.
<i>duplus</i>. See <u>Double</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To increase by adding an equal number,
quantity, length, value, or the like; multiply by two; as, to
<i>double</i> a sum of money; to <i>double</i> a number, or
length.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Double</i> six thousand, and then treble
that.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make of two thicknesses or folds by
turning or bending together in the middle; to fold one part upon
another part of; as, to <i>double</i> the leaf of a book, and the
like; to clinch, as the fist; -- often followed by <i>up</i>; as, to
<i>double</i> up a sheet of paper or cloth.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then the old man<BR>
Was wroth, and <i>doubled</i> up his hands.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be the double of; to exceed by twofold;
to contain or be worth twice as much as.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus re&euml;nforced, against the adverse fleet,<BR>
Still <i>doubling</i> ours, brave Rupert leads the way.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass around or by; to march or sail
round, so as to reverse the direction of motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sailing along the coast, the <i>doubled</i> the
promontory of Carthage.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To unite, as ranks or files,
so as to form one from each two.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be increased to twice the sum, number, quantity, length, or
value; to increase or grow to twice as much.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is observed in particular nations, that within the
space of three hundred years, notwithstanding all casualties, the
number of men <i>doubles</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To return upon one's track; to turn and go
back over the same ground, or in an opposite direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Doubling</i> and turning like a hunted
hare.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Doubling</i> and <i>doubling</i> with laborious
walk.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To play tricks; to use sleights; to play
false.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What penalty and danger you accrue,<BR>
If you be found to <i>double</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To set up a word or words
a second time by mistake; to make a doublet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To double upon</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to inclose
between two fires.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Twice as much; twice the number, sum, quantity, length, value,
and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the thief be found, let him pay
<i>double</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxii. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Among compositors, a doublet (see
<u>Doublet</u>, 2.); among pressmen, a sheet that is twice pulled,
and blurred.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is doubled over or together; a
doubling; a plait; a fold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rolled up in sevenfold <i>double</i><BR>
Of plagues.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A turn or circuit in running to escape
pursues; hence, a trick; a shift; an artifice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These men are too well acquainted with the chase to be
flung off by any false steps or <i>doubles</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Something precisely equal or counterpart
to another; a counterpart. Hence, a wraith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My charming friend . . . has, I am almost sure, a
<i>double</i>, who preaches his afternoon sermons for
him.</blockquote> <i>Atlantic Monthly.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A player or singer who prepares to take
the part of another player in his absence; a substitute.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Double beer; strong beer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A feast in which the
antiphon is doubled, hat is, said twice, before and after the Psalms,
instead of only half being said, as in simple feasts.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Lawn Tennis)</i> <def>A game between two
pairs of players; as, a first prize for <i>doubles</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An old term for a
variation, as in Bach's Suites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-act`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting or
operating in two directions or with both motions; producing a twofold
result; as, a <i>double-acting</i> engine or pump.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-bank"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To row by rowers sitting side by side in twos on a bank or
thwart.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To double-bank an oar</b></col>, <cd>to set two men to
pulling one oar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-banked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Applied to
a kind of rowing in which the rowers sit side by side in twos, a pair
of oars being worked from each bank or thwart.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dou"ble-bar`reled</hw> (?), or <hw>-bar`relled</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having two barrels; -- applied to a
gun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-beat` valve"</hw> (?). <def>See under
<u>Valve</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-breast`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Folding
or lapping over on the breast, with a row of buttons and buttonholes
on each side; as, a <i>double-breasted</i> coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-charge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To load with a double charge, as of
gunpowder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overcharge.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble deal"er</hw> (?). <def>One who practices double
dealing; a deceitful, trickish person.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble deal"ing</hw> (?). <def>False or deceitful dealing.
See <i>Double dealing</i>, under <u>Dealing</u>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-deck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A man-of-war having two gun
decks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A public conveyance, as a street car, with
seats on the roof.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-dye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dye
again or twice over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>double-dye</i> their robes in
scarlet.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-dyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dyed twice;
thoroughly or intensely colored; hence; firmly fixed in opinions or
habits; as, a <i>double-dyed</i> villain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-end"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel capable of moving in
either direction, having bow and rudder at each end.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A locomotive with pilot at
each end.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dou"ble-en*ten"dre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>double</i> double + <i>entendre</i> to mean. This is a barbarous
compound of French words. The true French equivalent is <i>double
entente</i>.] <def>A word or expression admitting of a double
interpretation, one of which is often obscure or
indelicate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
deceitful look.</def> [R.] "Deceitful meanings is <i>double-
eyed</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having two faces designed for use; as, a
<i>double-faced</i> hammer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deceitful; hypocritical;
treacherous.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble first`</hw> (?). <i>(Eng. Universities)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A degree of the first class both in classics
and mathematics.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who gains at
examinations the highest honor both in the classics and the
mathematics.</def>  <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-hand"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having two hands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deceitful; deceptive.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-head"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having two
heads; bicipital.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Double-headed rail</b></col> <i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>a rail
whose flanges are duplicates, so that when one is worn the other may
be turned uppermost.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble*heart"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
false heart; deceitful; treacherous.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-hung`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having both
sashes hung with weights and cords; -- said of a window.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lock
with two bolts; to fasten with double security.</def>
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-milled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Twice
milled or fulled, to render more compact or fine; -- said of cloth;
as, <i>double-milled</i> kerseymere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble*mind"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
different minds at different times; unsettled;
undetermined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>double-minded</i> man is unstable in all his
ways.</blockquote> <i>Jas. i. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being double or doubled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Duplicity; insincerity.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-quick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>Of, or performed in, the fastest time or step in marching, next
to the run; as, a <i>double-quick</i> step or march.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-quick`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Double-quick
time, step, or march.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Double-quick time requires 165 steps, each 33 inches in
length, to be taken in one minute. The number of steps may be
increased up to 180 per minute.</p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-quick`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To move, or cause to move, in double-quick
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, doubles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An instrument for
augmenting a very small quantity of electricity, so as to render it
manifest by sparks or the electroscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-rip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
coasting sled, made of two sleds fastened together with a board, one
before the other.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-shade`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
double the natural darkness of (a place).</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doub"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [In sense 3, OF.
<i>doublet</i>; in sense 4, F. <i>doublet</i>, dim. of <i>double</i>
double. See <u>Double</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Two of the same kind; a pair; a couple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A word or words
unintentionally doubled or set up a second time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A close-fitting garment for men, covering
the body from the neck to the waist or a little below. It was worn in
Western Europe from the 15th to the 17th century.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Lapidary Work)</i> <def>A counterfeit gem,
composed of two pieces of crystal, with a color them, and thus giving
the appearance of a naturally colored gem. Also, a piece of paste or
glass covered by a veneer of real stone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>An arrangement of two lenses
for a microscope, designed to correct spherical aberration and
chromatic dispersion, thus rendering the image of an object more
clear and distinct.</def>  <i>W. H. Wollaston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> (See No. 1.) <def>Two dice, each of
which, when thrown, has the same number of spots on the face lying
uppermost; as, to throw <i>doublets</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> [Cf. Pr. <i>doblier</i>,
<i>dobler</i> draughtboard.] <def>A game somewhat like
backgammon.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>One of two or more words in the same
language derived by different courses from the same original from;
as, <i>crypt</i> and <i>grot</i> are <i>doublets</i>; also,
<i>guard</i> and <i>ward</i>; <i>yard</i> and <i>garden</i>;
<i>abridge</i> and <i>abbreviate</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble*thread`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of two threads twisted together;
using two threads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Having two screw threads
instead of one; -- said of a screw in which the pitch is equal to
twice the distance between the centers of adjacent threads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-tongue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Deceit;
duplicity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now cometh the sin of <i>double-tongue</i>, such as
speak fair before folk and wickedly behind.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making
contrary declarations on the same subject; deceitful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Likewise must the deacons be grave, not <i>double-
tongued</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. iii. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-tongu`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A peculiar action of the tongue by flute players in articulating
staccato notes; also, the rapid repetition of notes in cornet
playing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble*tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bar, or
crosspiece, of a carriage, to which the singletrees are
attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doub"lets</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Doublet</u>, 6 and 7.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one that doubles; a making double; reduplication;
also, that which is doubled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A turning and winding; as, the
<i>doubling</i> of a hunted hare; shift; trick; artifice.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The lining of the mantle
borne about the shield or escutcheon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The process of redistilling spirits, to
improve the strength and flavor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Doubling a cape</b></col>, <col><b>promontory</b></col>,
<cd>etc. <i>(Naut.)</i>, sailing around or passing beyond a cape,
promontory, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Doub*loon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>doublon</i>,
Sp. <i>doblon</i>. See <u>Double</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Dupion</u>.] <def>A Spanish gold coin, no longer issued, varying
in value at different times from over fifteen dollars to about five.
See <u>Doblon</u> in Sup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In twice the quantity; to twice the degree; as, <i>doubly</i>
wise or good; to be <i>doubly</i> sensible of an obligation.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deceitfully.</def> "A man that deals
<i>doubly</i>."  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doubt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dou&?;ted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Doubting</u>.] [OE. <i>duten</i>, <i>douten</i>, OF. <i>duter</i>,
<i>doter</i>, <i>douter</i>, F. <i>douter</i>, fr. L.
<i>dubitare</i>; akin to <i>dubius</i> doubtful. See <u>Dubious</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To waver in opinion or judgment; to be in
uncertainty as to belief respecting anything; to hesitate in belief;
to be undecided as to the truth of the negative or the affirmative
proposition; to b e undetermined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even in matters divine, concerning some things, we may
lawfully <i>doubt</i>, and suspend our judgment.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To try your love and make you <i>doubt</i> of
mine.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suspect; to fear; to be
apprehensive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To waver; vacillate; fluctuate; hesitate; demur;
scruple; question.</p>

<p><hw>Doubt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
question or hold questionable; to withhold assent to; to hesitate to
believe, or to be inclined not to believe; to withhold confidence
from; to distrust; as, I have heard the story, but I <i>doubt</i> the
truth of it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To admire superior sense, and <i>doubt</i> their
own!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>doubt</i> not that however changed, you keep<BR>
So much of what is graceful.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To doubt not but</b></col>.
<blockquote>I do <i>not doubt but</i> I have been to
blame.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>doubt not</i> now<BR>
<i>But</i> every rub is smoothed on our way.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>That is, we have no doubt to <i>prevent</i> us from believing,
etc. (or notwithstanding all that may be said to the contrary) --
<i>but</i> having a preventive sense, after verbs of "doubting" and
"denying" that convey a notion of hindrance.  <i>E. A. Abbott.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suspect; to fear; to be apprehensive
of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Edmond [was a] good man and <i>doubted</i>
God.</blockquote> <i>R. of Gloucester.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>doubt</i> some foul play.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That I of <i>doubted</i> danger had no
fear.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fill with fear; to affright.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The virtues of the valiant Caratach<BR>
More <i>doubt</i> me than all Britain.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doubt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dute</i>,
<i>doute</i>, F. <i>doute</i>, fr. <i>douter</i> to doubt. See
<u>Doubt</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
fluctuation of mind arising from defect of knowledge or evidence;
uncertainty of judgment or mind; unsettled state of opinion
concerning the reality of an event, or the truth of an assertion,
etc.; hesitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Doubt</i> is the beginning and the end of our
efforts to know.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Doubt</i>, in order to be operative in requiring an
acquittal, is not the want of perfect certainty (which can never
exist in any question of fact) but a defect of proof preventing a
reasonable assurance of quilt.</blockquote> <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uncertainty of condition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy life shall hang in <i>doubt</i> before
thee.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxviii. 66.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Suspicion; fear; apprehension;
dread.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I stand in <i>doubt</i> of you.</blockquote> <i>Gal.
iv. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor slack her threatful hand for danger's
<i>doubt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Difficulty expressed or urged for
solution; point unsettled; objection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To every <i>doubt</i> your answer is the
same.</blockquote> <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><col><b>No doubt</b></col>, <cd>undoubtedly; without doubt.</cd> -
- <col><b>Out of doubt</b></col>, <cd>beyond doubt.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Uncertainty; hesitation; suspense; indecision;
irresolution; distrust; suspicion; scruple; perplexity; ambiguity;
skepticism.</p>

<p><hw>Doubt"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>doutable</i>, L. <i>dubitabilis</i>, from <i>dubitare</i>.  Cf.
<u>Dubitable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being doubted;
questionable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of being feared; redoubtable.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Doubt"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>doutance</i>.  Cf. <u>Dubitancy</u>.] <def>State of being in
doubt; uncertainty; doubt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doubt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who doubts;
one whose opinion is unsettled; one who scruples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doubt"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not settled in opinion; undetermined; wavering; hesitating in
belief; also used, metaphorically, of the body when its action is
affected by such a state of mind; as, we are <i>doubtful</i> of a
fact, or of the propriety of a measure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Methinks I should know you, and know this man;<BR>
Yet I am <i>doubtful</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>doubtful</i> feet and wavering
resolution.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 448 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Admitting of doubt; not obvious, clear, or
certain; questionable; not decided; not easy to be defined, classed,
or named; as, a <i>doubtful</i> case, hue, claim, title, species, and
the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beauty is but a vain and <i>doubtful</i>
good.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it a great cruelty to expel from our abode the
enemy of our peace, or even the <i>doubtful</i> friend [i. e., one as
to whose sincerity there may be doubts]?</blockquote>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by ambiguity; dubious; as, a
<i>doubtful</i> expression; a <i>doubtful</i> phrase.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of uncertain issue or event.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We . . . have sustained one day in <i>doubtful</i>
fight.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The strife between the two principles had been long,
fierce, and <i>doubtful</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fearful; apprehensive; suspicious.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>doubtful</i> that you have been conjunct<BR>
And bosomed with her.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wavering; vacillating; hesitating; undetermined;
distrustful; dubious; uncertain; equivocal; ambiguous; problematical;
questionable.</p>

<p><hw>Doubt"ful*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
doubtful manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor did the goddess <i>doubtfully</i>
declare.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doubt"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>State of being doubtful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uncertainty of meaning; ambiguity;
indefiniteness.</def> " The <i>doubtfulness</i> of his expressions."
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Uncertainty of event or issue.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doubt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That is uncertain;
that distrusts or hesitates; having doubts.</def> --
<wf>Doubt"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Doubt"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from fear or
suspicion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pretty child, sleep <i>doubtless</i> and
secure.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doubt"less</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Undoubtedly;
without doubt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doubt"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Unquestionably.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doubt"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>dotos</i>,
<i>douteus</i>, F. <i>douteux</i>.] <def>Doubtful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Douc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
monkey (<i>Semnopithecus nem&aelig;us</i>), remarkable for its varied
and brilliant colors. It is a native of Cochin China.</def></p>

<p><hw>Douce</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>doux</i>, masc.,
<i>douce</i>, fem., sweet, fr. L. <i>duleis</i> sweet.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sweet; pleasant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sober; prudent; sedate; modest.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And this is a <i>douce</i>, honest man.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Douce"pere`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>les douze
pairs</i> the twelve peers of France, renowned in romantic fiction.]
<def>One of the twelve peers of France, companions of Charlemagne in
war.</def> [Written also <i>douzepere</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Big-looking like a doughty
<i>doucepere</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dou"cet</hw> (?), <hw>Dow"set</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>doucet</i> sweet, dim. of <i>doux</i>.
See <u>Douce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A custard.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dowcet, or deep's testicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dou`ceur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>doux</i> sweet. See <u>Douce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Gentleness and sweetness of manner; agreeableness.</def>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gift for service done or to be done; an
honorarium; a present; sometimes, a bribe.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Douche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>doccia</i>, fr. <i>docciare</i> to flow, pour, fr. an assumed LL.
<i>ductiare</i>, fr. L. <i>ducere</i>, <i>ductum</i>, to lead,
conduct (water). See <u>Duct</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A jet or
current of water or vapor directed upon some part of the body to
benefit it medicinally; a douche bath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A syringe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Same as <i>Cyma&?;recta</i>, under <u>Cyma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Douck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>aouck</i>,
for <i>duck</i>. See <u>Duck</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A grebe or diver; -- applied also to the
golden-eye, pochard, scoter, and other ducks.</def> [Written also
<i>ducker</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Dough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dagh</i>,
<i>dogh</i>, <i>dow</i>, AS. <i>d&amacr;h</i>; akin to D.
<i>deeg</i>, G. <i>teig</i>, Icel. <i>deig</i>, Sw. <i>deg</i>, Dan.
<i>deig</i>, Goth. <i>daigs</i>; also, to Goth. <i>deigan</i> to
knead, L. <i>fingere</i> to form, shape, Skr. <i>dih</i> to smear;
cf. Gr. &?; wall, &?; to touch, handle. &?;.  Cf. <u>Feign</u>,
<u>Figure</u>, <u>Dairy</u>, <u>Duff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Paste of bread; a soft mass of moistened flour or meal, kneaded
or unkneaded, but not yet baked; as, to knead <i>dough</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything of the consistency of such
paste.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To have one's cake dough</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cake</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dough"-baked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imperfectly
baked; hence, not brought to perfection; unfinished; also, of weak or
dull understanding.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dough"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Eskimo curlew (<i>Numenius borealis</i>). See
<u>Curlew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dough"face`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contemptuous
nickname for a timid, yielding politician, or one who is easily
molded.</def> [Political cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dough"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily
molded; pliable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dough"face`ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
character of a doughface; truckling pliability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dough"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being doughy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dough"-knead`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like
dough; soft.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He demeans himself . . . like a <i>dough-kneaded</i>
thing.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dough"nut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small cake
(usually sweetened) fried in a kettle of boiling lard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dough"ti*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a doughty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dough"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being doughty; valor; bravery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dough"tren</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Daughter</u>.] <def>Daughters.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dough"ty</hw> (dou"t&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Doughtier</u> (-t&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Doughtiest</u>.] [OE. <i>duhti</i>,
<i>dohti</i>, <i>douhti</i>, brave, valiant, fit, useful, AS,
<i>dyhtig</i>; akin to G. <i>t&uuml;chtig</i>, Dan. <i>dygtig</i>,
Sw. <i>dygdig</i> virtuous, and fr. AS. <i>dugan</i> to avail, be of
use, be strong, akin to D. <i>deugen</i>, OHG. <i>tugan</i>, G.
<i>taugen</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>duga</i>, Dan. <i>due</i>, Goth.
<i>dugan</i>, but of uncertain origin; cf. Skr. <i>duh</i> to milk,
give milk, draw out, or Gr. <grk>ty`chh</grk> fortune. &radic;68.]
<def>Able; strong; valiant; redoubtable; as, a <i>doughty</i>
hero.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir Thopas wex [grew] a <i>doughty</i>
swain.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Doughty</i> families, hugging old musty quarrels to
their hearts, buffet each other from generation to
generation.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Now seldom used, except in irony or burlesque.</p>

<p><hw>Dough"y</hw> (d&omacr;"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like dough; soft and heavy; pasty; crude; flabby and pale; as, a
<i>doughy</i> complexion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou*loc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>doy^los</grk> slave + <grk>kratei^n</grk> to rule.] <def>A
government by slaves.</def> [Written also <i>dulocracy</i>.]
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doum" palm`</hw> (d&oomac;m" p&auml;m`). <def>See <u>Doom
palm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doupe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The carrion crow.</def> [Written also <i>dob</i>.] [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Dour</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>dur</i>, L.
<i>durus</i>.] <def>Hard; inflexible; obstinate; sour in aspect;
hardy; bold.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>dour</i> wife, a sour old carlin.</blockquote>
<i>C. Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of millet.
See <u>Durra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dou`rou*cou"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Durukuli</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Douse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Doused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dousing</u>.] [Cf. <u>Dowse</u>, and OD. <i>donsen</i> to strike
with the fist on the back, Sw. <i>dunsa</i> to fall down violently
and noisily; perh. akin to E. <i>din</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
plunge suddenly into water; to duck; to immerse; to dowse.</def>
<i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To strike or lower in
haste; to slacken suddenly; as, <i>douse</i> the topsail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Douse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall suddenly into
water.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Douse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>dw&aelig;scan</i>.
(Skeat.)] <def>To put out; to extinguish.</def> [Slang] " To
<i>douse</i> the glim."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dous"ing-chock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>One of several pieces fayed across the
apron and lapped in the knightheads, or inside planking above the
upper deck.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dout</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Do</i> +
<i>out</i>.  Cf. <u>Doff</u>.] <def>To put out.</def> [Obs.] "It
<i>douts</i> the light."  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dout"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An extinguisher
for candles.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dove</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dove</i>,
<i>duve</i>, <i>douve</i>, AS. <i>d&?;fe</i>; akin to OS.
<i>d&?;ba</i>, D. <i>duif</i>, OHG. <i>t&?;ba</i>, G. <i>taube</i>,
Icel. <i>d&?;fa</i>, Sw. <i>dufva</i>, Dan. <i>due</i>, Goth.
<i>d&?;b&?;</i>; perh. from the root of E. <i>dive</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A pigeon of the genus
<i>Columba</i> and various related genera. The species are
numerous.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The domestic dove, including the varieties called
<i>fantails</i>, <i>tumblers</i>, <i>carrier pigeons</i>, etc., was
derived from the <i>rock pigeon</i> (<i>Columba livia</i>) of Europe
and Asia; the <i>turtledove</i> of Europe, celebrated for its sweet,
plaintive note, is <i>C. turtur</i> or <i>Turtur vulgaris</i>; the
<i>ringdove</i>, the largest of European species, is <i>C.
palumbus</i>; the <i>Carolina dove</i>, or <i>Mourning dove</i>, is
<i>Zenaidura macroura</i>; the <i>sea dove</i> is the little auk
(<i>Mergulus alle</i> or <i>Alle alle</i>). See <u>Turtledove</u>,
<u>Ground dove</u>, and <u>Rock pigeon</u>. The dove is a symbol of
innocence, gentleness, and affection; also, in art and in the
Scriptures, the typical symbol of the Holy Ghost.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A word of endearment for one regarded as
pure and gentle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O my <i>dove</i>, . . . let me hear thy
voice.</blockquote> <i>Cant. ii. 14.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dove tick</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a mite
(<i>Argas reflexus</i>) which infests doves and other birds.</cd> --
<col><b>Soiled dove</b></col>, <cd>a prostitute.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Dove"cot`</hw> (?), <hw>Dove"cote`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small house or box, raised to a
considerable height above the ground, and having compartments, in
which domestic pigeons breed; a dove house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like an eagle in a <i>dovecote</i>, I<BR>
Fluttered your Volscians in Corioli.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dove"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having eyes
like a dove; meekeyed; as, <i>dove-eyed</i> Peace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dove"kie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A guillemot (<i>Uria grylle</i>), of the arctic regions. Also
applied to the little auk or sea dove. See under
<u>Dove</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dove"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young or small
dove.</def>  <i>Booth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dove"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mild as a dove;
gentle; pure and lovable.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dove" plant`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Central American
orchid (<i>Peristeria elata</i>), having a flower stem five or six
feet high, with numerous globose white fragrant flowers. The column
in the center of the flower resembles a dove; -- called also <i>Holy
Spirit plant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do"ver's Pow"der</hw> (?). [From Dr. <i>Dover</i>, an English
physician.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A powder of ipecac and opium,
compounded, in the United States, with sugar of milk, but in England
(as formerly in the United States) with sulphate of potash, and in
France (as in Dr. Dover's original prescription) with nitrate and
sulphate of potash and licorice. It is an anodyne
diaphoretic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dove's"-foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small annual species of Geranium, native
in England; -- so called from the shape of the leaf.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The columbine.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dove"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The possession
of dovelike qualities, harmlessness and innocence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dove"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i>
<def>A flaring tenon, or tongue (shaped like a bird's tail spread),
and a mortise, or socket, into which it fits tightly, making an
interlocking joint between two pieces which resists pulling a part in
all directions except one.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dovetail molding</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a molding
of any convex section arranged in a sort of zigzag, like a series of
dovetails.</cd> -- <col><b>Dovetail saw</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>,
<cd>a saw used in dovetailing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dove"tail`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dovetailed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dovetailing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To cut to a dovetail.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To join by means of dovetails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fit in or connect strongly, skillfully,
or nicely; to fit ingeniously or complexly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He put together a piece of joinery so crossly indented
and whimsically <i>dovetailed</i> . . . that it was indeed a very
curious show.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dov"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a dove;
harmless; innocent.</def> "Joined with <i>dovish</i> simplicity."
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of vessel. See
<u>Dhow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>douer</i>. See
<u>Dower</u>.] <def>To furnish with a dower; to endow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dow"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Dow</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Capable of being endowed; entitled to
dower.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dow"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>douagiere</i>, fr. <i>douage</i> dower. See <u>Dower</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A widow endowed, or having
a jointure; a widow who either enjoys a dower from her deceased
husband, or has property of her own brought by her to her husband on
marriage, and settled on her after his decease.</def>  <i>Blount.</i>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A title given in England to a widow, to
distinguish her from the wife of her husband's heir bearing the same
name; -- chiefly applied to widows of personages of rank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With prudes for proctors, <i>dowagers</i> for
deans.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Queen dowager</b></col>, <cd>the widow of a king.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dow"a*ger*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rank or
condition of a dowager; formality, as that of a dowager. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mansions that have passed away into
<i>dowagerism</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dow"cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Doucet</u>.]
<def>One of the testicles of a hart or stag.</def> [Spelt also
<i>doucet</i>.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dow"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Dowdier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Dowdiest</u>.] [Scot. <i>dawdie</i>
slovenly, <i>daw</i>, <i>da</i> sluggard, drab, Prov. E. <i>dowd</i>
flat, dead.] <def>Showing a vulgar taste in dress; awkward and
slovenly in dress; vulgar-looking.</def> -- <wf>Dow"di*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Dow"di*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dow"dy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dowdies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>An awkward, vulgarly dressed,
inelegant woman.</def>  <i>Shak. Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dow"dy*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
dowdy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dow"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>d&ouml;bel</i> peg, F. <i>douelle</i> state of a cask, surface of
an arch, <i>douille</i> socket, little pipe, cartridge.]
<i>(Mech.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pin, or block, of wood or
metal, fitting into holes in the abutting portions of two pieces, and
being partly in one piece and partly in the other, to keep them in
their proper relative position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of wood driven into a wall, so
that other pieces may be nailed to it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dowel joint</b></col>, <cd>a joint secured by a dowel or
dowels.</cd> -- <col><b>Dowel pin</b></col>, <cd>a dowel. See
<u>Dowel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dow"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Doweled</u> (?) or <u>Dowelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Doweling</u> or <u>Dowelling</u>.] <def>To fasten
together by dowels; to furnish with dowels; as, a cooper
<i>dowels</i> pieces for the head of a cask.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>douaire</i>, LL.
<i>dotarium</i>, from L. <i>dotare</i> to endow, portion, fr.
<i>dos</i> dower; akin to Gr. &?; gift, and to L. <i>dare</i> to
give. See 1st <u>Date</u>, and cf. <u>Dot</u> dowry,
<u>Dotation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That with which one is
gifted or endowed; endowment; gift.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How great, how plentiful, how rich a
<i>dower</i>!</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man in his primeval <i>dower</i> arrayed.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The property with which a woman is
endowed</def>; especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That which a
woman brings to a husband in marriage; dowry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His wife brought in <i>dower</i> Cilicia's
crown.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <def>That portion of the real
estate of a man which his widow enjoys during her life, or to which a
woman is entitled after the death of her husband.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Dower</i>, in modern use, is and should be distinguished
from <i>dowry</i>. The former is a provision for a widow on her
husband's death; the latter is a bride's portion on her marriage.
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Assignment of dower</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Assignment</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dow"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished
with, or as with, dower or a marriage portion.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dow"er*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
dower; having no marriage portion.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dow"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dower</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dow"itch*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The red-breasted or gray snipe (<i>Macrorhamphus griseus</i>); -
- called also <i>brownback</i>, and <i>grayback</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dowl</hw> (doul), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Dowle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dow"las</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr.
<i>Doullens</i>, a town of Picardy, in France, formerly celebrated
for this manufacture.] <def>A coarse linen cloth made in the north of
England and in Scotland, now nearly replaced by calico.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dowle</hw> (doul), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>douille</i> soft.  Cf. <u>Ductile</u>.] <def>Feathery or wool-like
down; filament of a feather.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No feather, or <i>dowle</i> of a feather.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down</hw> (doun), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG.
<i>dune</i>, <i>dun</i>, Icel. <i>d&umacr;nn</i>, Sw. <i>dun</i>,
Dan. <i>duun</i>, G. <i>daune</i>, cf. D. <i>dons</i>; perh. akin to
E. <i>dust</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fine, soft, hairy outgrowth
from the skin or surface of animals or plants, not matted and fleecy
like wool</def>; esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The soft under feathers of birds. They have short stems with
soft rachis and bards and long threadlike barbules, without
hooklets.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The pubescence
of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain
plants, as of the thistle.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The soft
hair of the face when beginning to appear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the first <i>down</i> begins to shade his
face.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is made of down, as a bed or
pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of
down</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When in the <i>down</i> I sink my head,<BR>
Sleep, Death's twin brother, times my breath.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou bosom softness, <i>down</i> of all my
cares!</blockquote> <i>Southern.</i></p>

<p><! p. 449 !></p>

<p><col><b>Down tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree of Central
America (<i>Ochroma Lagopus</i>), the seeds of which are enveloped in
vegetable wool.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Down</hw> (doun"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover,
ornament, line, or stuff with down.</def> [R.]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dun</i>, <i>doun</i>,
AS. <i>d&umacr;n</i>; of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. <i>d&umacr;n</i>
hill, fortified hill, Gael. <i>dun</i> heap, hillock, hill, W.
<i>din</i> a fortified hill or mount; akin to E. <i>town</i>. See
<u>Town</u>, and cf. <u>Down</u>, <pos><i>adv. &amp; prep.</i></pos>,
<u>Dune</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bank or rounded hillock of
sand thrown up by the wind along or near the shore; a flattish-topped
hill; -- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hills afford prospects, as they must needs acknowledge
who have been on the <i>downs</i> of Sussex.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She went by dale, and she went by
<i>down</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or
hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly
for the grazing of sheep; -- usually in the plural.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Seven thousand broad-tailed sheep grazed on his
<i>downs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A road for shipping in the
English Channel or Straits of Dover, near Deal, employed as a naval
rendezvous in time of war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the 11th [June, 1771] we run up the channel . . .
at noon we were abreast of Dover, and about three came to an anchor
in the <i>Downs</i>, and went ashore at Deal.</blockquote> <i>Cook
(First Voyage).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> [From the adverb.] <def>A state of
depression; low state; abasement.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It the <i>downs</i> of life too much outnumber the
ups.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [For older <i>adown</i>, AS.
<i>ad&?;n</i>, <i>ad&?;ne</i>, prop., from or off the hill. See 3d
<u>Down</u>, and cf. <u>Adown</u>, and cf. <u>Adown</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the direction of gravity or toward the
center of the earth; toward or in a lower place or position; below; -
- the opposite of <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence, in many derived uses, as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>From a higher to a lower position, literally
or figuratively; in a descending direction; from the top of an
ascent; from an upright position; to the ground or floor; to or into
a lower or an inferior condition; as, into a state of humility,
disgrace, misery, and the like; into a state of rest; -- used with
verbs indicating motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It will be rain to-night. Let it come
<i>down</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I sit me <i>down</i> beside the hazel
grove.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And that drags <i>down</i> his life.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is not a more melancholy object in the learned
world than a man who has written himself <i>down</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The French . . . shone <i>down</i> [i. e.,
<i>outshone</i>] the English.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a low or the lowest position,
literally or figuratively; at the bottom of a descent; below the
horizon; on the ground; in a condition of humility, dejection,
misery, and the like; in a state of quiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>down</i> and out of breath.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The moon is <i>down</i>; I have not heard the
clock.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is <i>down</i> needs fear no
fall.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>From a remoter or higher
antiquity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Venerable men! you have come <i>down</i> to us from a
former generation.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>From a greater to a less bulk, or from a
thinner to a thicker consistence; as, to boil <i>down</i> in cookery,
or in making decoctions.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Down</i> is sometimes used elliptically, standing for
<i>go down</i>, <i>come down</i>, <i>tear down</i>, <i>take down</i>,
<i>put down</i>, <i>haul down</i>, <i>pay down</i>, and the like,
especially in command or exclamation.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Down</i>, therefore, and beg mercy of the
duke.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If he be hungry more than wanton, bread alone will
<i>down</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><i>Down</i> is also used intensively; as, to be loaded
<i>down</i>; to fall <i>down</i>; to hang <i>down</i>; to drop
<i>down</i>; to pay <i>down</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>The temple of Her&egrave; at Argos was burnt
<i>down</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><i>Down</i>, as well as <i>up</i>, is sometimes used in a
conventional sense; as, <i>down</i> East.</p>

<p><blockquote>Persons in London say <i>down</i> to Scotland, etc.,
and those in the provinces, <i>up</i> to London.</blockquote>
<i>Stormonth.</i>
</p>

<p><col><b>Down helm</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an order to the
helmsman to put the helm to leeward.</cd> -- <col><b>Down
on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col> (joined with a verb indicating
motion, as <i>go</i>, <i>come</i>, <i>pounce</i>), <cd>to attack,
implying the idea of threatening power.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Come <i>down</i> upon us with a mighty
power.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Down with</b></col>, <cd>take down, throw down, put
down; -- used in energetic command.</cd> "<i>Down with</i> the
palace; fire it." <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>To be down on</b></col>,
<cd>to dislike and treat harshly.</cd> [Slang, U.S.] -- <col><b>To
cry down</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cry</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To cut down</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cut</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Up and
down</b></col>, <cd>with rising and falling motion; to and fro;
hither and thither; everywhere.</cd> "Let them wander <i>up and
down</i>." <i>Ps. lix. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [From <u>Down</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a descending
direction along; from a higher to a lower place upon or within; at a
lower place in or on; as, <i>down</i> a hill; <i>down</i> a
well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Towards the mouth of a river;
towards the sea; as, to sail or swim <i>down</i> a stream; to sail
<i>down</i> the sound.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Down the country</b></col>, <cd>toward the sea, or toward
the part where rivers discharge their waters into the ocean.</cd> --
<col><b>Down the sound</b></col>, <cd>in the direction of the ebbing
tide; toward the sea.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Down</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Downed</u> (dound); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Downing</u>.] <def>To cause to go down; to make descend; to put
down; to overthrow, as in wrestling; hence, to subdue; to bring
down.</def> [Archaic or Colloq.] "To <i>down</i> proud hearts."
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I remember how you <i>downed</i> Beauclerk and
Hamilton, the wits, once at our house.</blockquote> <i>Madame
D'Arblay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go down; to
descend.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Downcast; as, a <i>down</i> look.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Downright; absolute; positive; as, a
<i>down</i> denial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Downward; going down; sloping; as, a
<i>down</i> stroke; a <i>down</i> grade; a <i>down</i> train on a
railway.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Down draught</b></col>, <cd>a downward draft, as in a
flue, chimney, shaft of a mine, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Down in the
mouth</b></col>, <cd>chopfallen; dejected.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Down"bear`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bear
down; to depress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"cast`</hw> (doun"k&adot;st`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cast downward; directed to the ground, from bashfulness,
modesty, dejection, or guilt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is love, said she; and then my <i>downcast</i>
eyes,<BR>
And guilty dumbness, witnessed my surprise.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Down"cast`ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Down"cast`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Down"cast`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Downcast or melancholy look.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>downcast</i> of thine eye.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(mining)</i> <def>A ventilating shaft down
which the air passes in circulating through a mine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"come`</hw> (-k&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sudden fall; downfall; overthrow.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Iron Manuf.)</i> <def>A pipe for leading
combustible gases downward from the top of the blast furnace to the
hot-blast stoves, boilers, etc., where they are burned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"fall`</hw> (-f&add;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden fall; a body of things
falling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those cataracts or <i>downfalls</i>
aforesaid.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each <i>downfall</i> of a flood the mountains
pour.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden descent from rank or state,
reputation or happiness; destruction; ruin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dire were the consequences which would follow the
<i>downfall</i> of so important a place.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down"fall`en</hw> (-f&add;l`'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Fallen; ruined.</def>  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down"fall`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Falling
down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"gyved`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hanging down
like gyves or fetters.</def> [Poetic &amp; Rare]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down"haul`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A rope to haul down, or to assist in hauling down, a sail; as, a
staysail <i>downhaul</i>; a trysail <i>downhaul</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dejected;
low-spirited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"hill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Towards the
bottom of a hill; as, water runs <i>downhill</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"hill`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Declivous;
descending; sloping.</def> "A <i>downhill</i> greensward."
<i>Congrewe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down"hill`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Declivity; descent;
slope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On th' icy <i>downhills</i> of this slippery
life.</blockquote> <i>Du Bartas (Trans. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>Down"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being downy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"looked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
downcast countenance; dejected; gloomy; sullen.</def> [R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down"ly`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The time of
retiring to rest; time of repose.</def>  <i>Cavendish.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At the downlying</b></col>, <cd>at the travail in
childbirth.</cd> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Down"pour`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pouring or
streaming downwards; esp., a heavy or continuous shower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"right`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Straight down; perpendicularly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In plain terms; without
ceremony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall chide <i>downright</i>, if I longer
stay.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without delay; at once; completely.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She fell <i>downright</i> into a fit.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down"right`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Plain; direct; unceremonious; blunt; positive; as, he spoke in
his <i>downright</i> way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of plain, <i>downright</i>
character.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Open; artless; undisguised; absolute;
unmixed; as, <i>downright</i> atheism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>downright</i> impossibilities charged upon
it.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gloomy fancies which in her amounted to
<i>downright</i> insanity.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Down"right`ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Down"right`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Down"-share`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A breastplow
used in paring off turf on downs.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down"sit`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
sitting down; repose; a resting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou knowest my <i>downsitting</i> and my
uprising.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxxix. 2.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down"stairs</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Down the
stairs; to a lower floor.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Below
stairs; as, a <i>downstairs</i> room.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"steep`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very
steep.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Florio.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down"stream`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Down the
stream; as, floating <i>downstream</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"stroke`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Penmanship)</i> <def>A stroke made with a downward motion of the
pen or pencil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"throw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>The sudden drop or depression of the strata of rocks on one side
of a fault. See <u>Throw</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Down"trod`</hw> (?), <hw>Down"trod`den</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Trodden down; trampled down; abused by
superior power.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Down"ward</hw> (?), <hw>Down"wards</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ad&?;nweard</i>. See <u>Down</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, and <u>-ward</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>From a higher place to a lower; in a descending course; as, to
tend, move, roll, look, or take root, <i>downward</i> or
<i>downwards</i>.</def> "Looking <i>downwards</i>."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their heads they <i>downward</i> bent.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>From a higher to a lower condition; toward
misery, humility, disgrace, or ruin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>downward</i> fell into a groveling
swine.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>From a remote time; from an ancestor or
predecessor; from one to another in a descending line.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A ring the county wears,<BR>
That <i>downward</i> hath descended in his house,<BR>
From son to son, some four or five descents.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down"ward</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moving or extending from a higher to a lower place; tending
toward the earth or its center, or toward a lower level;
declivous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>downward</i> force<BR>
That drove the sand along he took his way.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Descending from a head, origin, or source;
as, a <i>downward</i> line of descent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tending to a lower condition or state;
depressed; dejected; as, <i>downward</i> thoughts.</def>  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Cudweed, a species of <i>Gnaphalium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down`weigh"</hw> (-w&amacr;"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
weigh or press down.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A different sin <i>downweighs</i> them to the
bottom.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Down"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered with down, or with pubescence or soft
hairs.</def> "A <i>downy</i> feather."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Plants that . . . have <i>downy</i> or velvet rind
upon their leaves.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made of, or resembling, down. Hence,
figuratively: Soft; placid; soothing; quiet.</def>  "A <i>downy</i>
shower." <i>Keble.</i> "<i>Downy</i> pillow."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Time steals on with <i>downy</i> feet.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cunning; wary.</def> [Slang, Eng.]
<i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dow"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to
a dower.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dow"ress</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman entitled to
dower.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dow"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dowries</b></plw> (#). [Contr. from <i>dowery</i>; cf. LL.
<i>dotarium</i>. See <u>Dower</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gift;
endowment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The money, goods, or estate, which a woman
brings to her husband in marriage; a bride's portion on her marriage.
See Note under <u>Dower</u>.</def>  <i>Shak. Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gift or presents for the bride, on
espousal. See <u>Dower</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ask me never so much <i>dowry</i> and gift, and I will
give . . .; but give me the damsel to wife.</blockquote> <i>Gen.
xxxiv. 12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dowse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. 1st
<u>Douse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To plunge, or duck into water;
to immerse; to douse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. OD. <i>doesen</i> to strike, Norw.
<i>dusa</i> to break.] <def>To beat or thrash.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dowse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use the dipping or
divining rod, as in search of water, ore, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adams had the reputation of having <i>dowsed</i>
successfully for more than a hundred wells.</blockquote> <i>Eng.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dowse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blow on the
face.</def> [Low]  <i>Colman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dows"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A divining rod used in searching for water, ore, etc., a dowsing
rod.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who uses the dowser or divining
rod.</def>  <i>Eng. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dowst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dowse.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dow"ve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dove.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dox`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to doxology; giving praise to God.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dox*ol"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Doxologized</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Doxologizing</u>.] <def>To give glory to God, as in a
doxology; to praise God with doxologies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dox*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Doxologies</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>doxologia</i>, Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; praising, giving glory; &?; opinion, estimation, glory, praise
(from &?; to think, imagine) + &?; to speak: cf. F. <i>doxologie</i>.
See <u>Dogma</u>, and <u>Legend</u>.] <def>In Christian worship: A
hymn expressing praise and honor to God; a form of praise to God
designed to be sung or chanted by the choir or the
congregation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>David breaks forth into these triumphant praises and
<i>doxologies</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dox"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Doxies</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Duck</u> a pet.] <def>A loose
wench; a disreputable sweetheart.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doy"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Doily</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doze</hw> (d&omacr;z), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dozed</u> (d&omacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dozing</u>.] [Prob. akin to <i>daze</i>,
<i>dizzy</i>: cf. Icel. <i>d&umacr;sa</i> to doze, Dan.
<i>d&ouml;se</i> to make dull, heavy, or drowsy, <i>d&ouml;s</i>
dullness, drowsiness, <i>d&ouml;sig</i> drowsy, AS.
<i>dw&aemacr;s</i> dull, stupid, foolish. &radic;71.  Cf.
<u>Dizzy</u>.] <def>To slumber; to sleep lightly; to be in a dull or
stupefied condition, as if half asleep; to be drowsy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he happened to <i>doze</i> a little, the jolly
cobbler waked him.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass or spend in drowsiness; as, to <i>doze</i> away one's
time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make dull; to stupefy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I was an hour . . . in casting up about twenty sums,
being <i>dozed</i> with much work.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They left for a long time <i>dozed</i> and
benumbed.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light sleep; a
drowse.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doz"en</hw> (d&ubreve;z"'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dozen</b></plw> (before another noun),
<plw><b>Dozens</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>doseine</i>, <i>dosein</i>,
OF. <i>doseine</i>, F. <i>douzaine</i>, fr. <i>douze</i> twelve, fr.
L. <i>duodecim</i>; <i>duo</i> two + <i>decem</i> ten. See
<u>Two</u>, <u>Ten</u>, and cf. <u>Duodecimal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A collection of twelve objects; a tale or set
of twelve; with or without <i>of</i> before the substantive which
follows.</def>  "Some six or seven <i>dozen</i> of Scots."  "A
<i>dozen</i> of shirts to your back." "A <i>dozen</i> sons."  "Half a
<i>dozen</i> friends."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An indefinite small number.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A baker's dozen</b></col>, <cd>thirteen; -- called also a
<i>long dozen</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Doz"enth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Twelfth.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Doz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who dozes or
drowses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doz"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being dozy; drowsiness; inclination to sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doz"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drowsy; inclined to
doze; sleepy; sluggish; as, a <i>dozy</i> head.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Doz"zled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [&radic;71.]
<def>Stupid; heavy.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drab</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>drabbe</i> dregs,
lees; akin to D. <i>drab</i>, <i>drabbe</i>, dregs, G. <i>treber</i>;
for sense 1, cf. also Gael. <i>drabag</i> a slattern, <i>drabach</i>
slovenly.  Cf. <u>Draff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A low, sluttish
woman.</def>  <i>King.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lewd wench; a strumpet.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wooden box, used in salt works for
holding the salt when taken out of the boiling pans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drab</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drabbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drabbing</u>.] <def>To associate with strumpets; to wench.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>drap</i> cloth: LL.
<i>drappus</i>, <i>trapus</i>, perh. orig., a firm, solid stuff, cf.
F. <i>draper</i> to drape, also to full cloth; prob. of German
origin; cf. Icel. <i>drepa</i> to beat, strike, AS. <i>drepan</i>, G.
<i>treffen</i>; perh. akin to E. <i>drub</i>.  Cf. <u>Drape</u>,
<u>Trappings</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of thick woolen
cloth of a dun, or dull brownish yellow, or dull gray, color; --
called also <i>drabcloth</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dull brownish yellow or dull gray
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drab</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a color between gray
and brown.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drab color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drab"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
associates with drabs; a wencher.</def>  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drab"bet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coarse linen
fabric, or duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drab"bish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat drab in
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drab"bish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
character of a drab or low wench.</def> "The <i>drabbish</i>
sorceress."  <i>Drant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drab"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drabbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drabbling</u> (?).] [&?;&?;&?;.See <u>Drab</u>, <u>Draff</u>.]
<def>To draggle; to wet and befoul by draggling; as, to
<i>drabble</i> a gown or cloak.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><! p. 450 !></p>

<p><hw>Drab"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fish with a
long line and rod; as, to <i>drabble</i> for barbels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drab"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
piece of canvas fastened by lacing to the bonnet of a sail, to give
it a greater depth, or more drop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drab"ble-tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A draggle-
tail; a slattern.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dra*c&aelig;"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; she-dragon.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of liliaceous plants with
woody stems and funnel-shaped flowers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Drac&aelig;na Draco</i>, the source of the dragon's
blood of the Canaries, forms a tree, sometimes of gigantic size.</p>

<p><hw>Dra"canth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of gum; -
- called also <i>gum tragacanth</i>, or <i>tragacanth</i>. See
<u>Tragacanth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drachm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Drachma</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A drachma.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Dram</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Drach"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Drachmas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Drachm&aelig;</b></plw>
(#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;. See <u>Dram</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
silver coin among the ancient Greeks, having a different value in
different States and at different periods. The average value of the
Attic drachma is computed to have been about 19 cents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gold and silver coin of modern Greece
worth 19.3 cents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Among the ancient Greeks, a weight of
about 66.5 grains; among the modern Greeks, a weight equal to a
gram.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Drach"me</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Drachma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dra"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dracine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Draconin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dra"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Dragon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The Dragon,
a northern constellation within which is the north pole of the
ecliptic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A luminous exhalation from marshy
grounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of lizards.
See <u>Dragon</u>, 6.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dra*co"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
Draco, a famous lawgiver of Athens, 621 <u>b. c.</u></def></p>

<p><col><b>Draconian code</b></col>, <i>or</i>  <col><b>Draconian
laws</b></col>, <cd>a code of laws made by Draco. Their measures were
so severe that they were said to be written in letters of blood;
hence, any laws of excessive rigor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dra*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
Draco, the Athenian lawgiver; or to the constellation Draco; or to
dragon's blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dra*co"nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>draconine</i>. See <u>Draco</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A red resin
forming the essential basis of dragon's blood; -- called also
<i>dracin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dra*con"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>draco</i> dragon, in allusion to the terms <i>dragon's head</i>
and <i>dragon's tail</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Belonging to that
space of time in which the moon performs one revolution, from
ascending node to ascending node. See <i>Dragon's head</i>, under
<u>Dragon</u>.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Dracontic</i> month."
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dra*con"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>draco</i>
dragon.] <def>Belonging to a dragon.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dra*cun"cu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dracunculi</b></plw> (#). [L., dim. of <i>draco</i> dragon.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fish; the
dragonet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The Guinea worm (<i>Filaria
medinensis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Drad</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Dreaded.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drad"de</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Dread</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dradge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Inferior ore, separated from the better by cobbing.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draff</hw> (dr&adot;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>draf</i> the sediment of ale, Icel. <i>draf</i> draff, husks.  Cf.
1st <u>Drab</u>.] <def>Refuse; lees; dregs; the wash given to swine
or cows; hogwash; waste matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prodigals lately come from swine keeping, from eating
<i>draff</i> and husks.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>draff</i> and offal of a bygone
age.</blockquote> <i> Buckle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mere chaff and <i>draff</i>, much better
burnt.</blockquote> <i> Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draff"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthless;
draffy.</def>  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draff"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dreggy; waste;
worthless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dregs and <i>draffy</i> part.</blockquote> <i>
Beau. &amp;  Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draft</hw> (dr&adot;ft), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same word
as <i>draught</i>. OE. <i>draught</i>, <i>draht</i>, fr. AS.
<i>dragan</i> to draw. See <u>Draw</u>, and cf. <u>Draught</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of drawing; also, the thing drawn.
Same as <u>Draught</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Everything available for <i>draft</i>
burden.</blockquote> <i> S. G. Goodrich.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A selecting or detaching of
soldiers from an army, or from any part of it, or from a military
post; also from any district, or any company or collection of
persons, or from the people at large; also, the body of men thus
drafted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Several of the States had supplied the deficiency by
<i>drafts</i> to serve for the year.</blockquote>
<i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An order from one person or party to
another, directing the payment of money; a bill of
exchange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I thought it most prudent to defer the <i>drafts</i>
till advice was received of the progress of the loan.</blockquote>
<i> A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An allowance or deduction made from the
gross weight of goods.</def>  <i> Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A drawing of lines for a plan; a plan
delineated, or drawn in outline; a delineation. See
<u>Draught</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The form of any writing as first drawn up;
the first rough sketch of written composition, to be filled in, or
completed. See <u>Draught</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
narrow border left on a finished stone, worked differently from the
rest of its face.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A narrow border
worked to a plane surface along the edge of a stone, or across its
face, as a guide to the stone-cutter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Milling)</i> <def>The slant given to the
furrows in the dress of a millstone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Depth of water necessary to
float a ship; the depth below the water surface to which the bottom
of a ship sinks when bearing a specific load. See
<u>Draught</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A current of air. Same as
<u>Draught</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draft</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or used for, drawing or pulling (as vehicles,
loads, etc.). Same as <u>Draught</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or characterized by, a draft,
or current of air. Same as <u>Draught</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The forms <i>draft</i> and <i>draught</i>, in the senses
above-given, are both in approved use.</p>

<p><col><b>Draft box</b></col>, <col><b>Draft engine</b></col>,
<col><b>Draft horse</b></col>, <col><b>Draft net</b></col>,
<col><b>Draft ox</b></col>, <col><b>Draft tube</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<i>Draught box</i>, <i>Draught engine</i>, etc. See under
<u>Draught</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Draft</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drafted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drafting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw the outline of; to
delineate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To compose and write; as, to <i>draft</i>
a memorial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw from a military band or post, or
from any district, company, or society; to detach; to
select.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some royal seminary in Upper Egypt, from whence they
<i>drafted</i> novices to supply their colleges and
temples.</blockquote> <i> Holwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To transfer by draft.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All her rents been <i>drafted</i> to
London.</blockquote> <i> Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drafts"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Draughtsman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Dredge</u>.]
<def>A confection; a comfit; a drug.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dragged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dragging</u> (?).] [OE. <i>draggen</i>; akin to Sw. <i>dragga</i>
to search with a grapnel, fr. <i>dragg</i> grapnel, fr. <i>draga</i>
to draw, the same word as E. <i>draw</i>. &?; See <u>Draw</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw slowly or heavily onward; to pull
along the ground by main force; to haul; to trail; -- applied to
drawing heavy or resisting bodies or those inapt for drawing, with
labor, along the ground or other surface; as, to <i>drag</i> stone or
timber; to <i>drag</i> a net in fishing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dragged</i> by the cords which through his feet
were thrust.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The grossness of his nature will have weight to
<i>drag</i> thee down.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A needless Alexandrine ends the song<BR>
That, like a wounded snake, <i>drags</i> its slow length
along.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break, as land, by drawing a drag or
harrow over it; to harrow; to draw a drag along the bottom of, as a
stream or other water; hence, to search, as by means of a
drag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then while I <i>dragged</i> my brains for such a
song.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw along, as something burdensome;
hence, to pass in pain or with difficulty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have <i>dragged</i> a lingering life.</blockquote> <i>
Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To drag an anchor</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to trail
it along the bottom when the anchor will not hold the ship.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Draw</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Drag</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be drawn along, as a rope or dress, on the ground; to trail; to be
moved onward along the ground, or along the bottom of the sea, as an
anchor that does not hold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move onward heavily, laboriously, or
slowly; to advance with weary effort; to go on lingeringly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The day <i>drags</i> through, though storms keep out
the sun.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Long, open panegyric <i>drags</i> at
best.</blockquote> <i> Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To serve as a clog or hindrance; to hold
back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A propeller is said to <i>drag</i> when the sails urge
the vessel faster than the revolutions of the screw can propel
her.</blockquote> <i>Russell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fish with a dragnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Drag</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Dray</u> a cart, and 1st <u>Dredge</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of dragging; anything which is
dragged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A net, or an apparatus, to be drawn along
the bottom under water, as in fishing, searching for drowned persons,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of sledge for conveying heavy
bodies; also, a kind of low car or handcart; as, a stone
<i>drag</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A heavy coach with seats on top; also, a
heavy carriage.</def> [Collog.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A heavy harrow, for breaking up
ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Anything towed in the
water to retard a ship's progress, or to keep her head up to the
wind; esp., a canvas bag with a hooped mouth, so used. See <i>Drag
sail</i> (below).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Also, a skid or
shoe, for retarding the motion of a carriage wheel.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Hence, anything that retards; a clog; an
obstacle to progress or enjoyment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My lectures were only a pleasure to me, and no
<i>drag</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. D. Forbes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Motion affected with slowness and
difficulty, as if clogged.</def> "Had a <i>drag</i> in his walk."
<i> Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>The bottom part of a
flask or mold, the upper part being the cope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>A steel instrument for
completing the dressing of soft stone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Marine Engin.)</i> <def>The difference
between the speed of a screw steamer under sail and that of the screw
when the ship outruns the screw; or between the propulsive effects of
the different floats of a paddle wheel. See Citation under
<u>Drag</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Drag sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a sail or canvas
rigged on a stout frame, to be dragged by a vessel through the water
in order to keep her head to the wind or to prevent drifting; --
called also <i>drift sail</i>, <i>drag sheet</i>, <i>drag anchor</i>,
<i>sea anchor</i>, <i>floating anchor</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Drag
twist</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a spiral hook at the end of a
rod for cleaning drilled holes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dra*gan"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dracanth</u>.] <def>A mucilage obtained from, or containing, gum
tragacanth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drag"bar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Drawbar</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>. Called also <i>draglink</i>, and
<i>drawlink</i>.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Drag"bolt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coupling pin.
See under <u>Coupling</u>.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Dra`g&eacute;es"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F. See
3d <u>Dredge</u>.] <i>(Pharmacy)</i> <def>Sugar-coated
medicines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drag"gle</hw> (dr&abreve;g"g'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Draggled</u> (-g'ld); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Draggling</u> (-gl&ibreve;ng).] [Freq. of
<i>drag</i>. &radic;73.  Cf. <u>Drawl</u>.] <def>To wet and soil by
dragging on the ground, mud, or wet grass; to drabble; to
trail.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>draggled</i> nets down-hanging to the
tide.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drag"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be dragged on
the ground; to become wet or dirty by being dragged or trailed in the
mud or wet grass.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drag"gle-tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slattern
who suffers her gown to trail in the mire; a drabble-tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drag"gle-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Untidy;
sluttish; slatternly.</def>  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drag"link`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A link connecting the cranks of two
shafts.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A drawbar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drag"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dragmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A fisherman who uses a
dragnet.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drag"net`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>dr&aelig;gnet</i>.] <def>A net to be drawn along the bottom of a
body of water, as in fishing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drag"o*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dragomans</b></plw> (#). [From F. <i>dragoman</i>, or Sp.
<i>dragoman</i>, or It. <i>dragomanno</i>; all fr. LGr. &?;, Ar.
<i>tarjum&amacr;n</i>, from the same source as E. <i>targum</i>.  Cf.
<u>Drogman</u>, <u>Truchman</u>.] <def>An interpreter; -- so called
in the Levant and other parts of the East.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drag"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>dragon</i>, L.
<i>draco</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, prob. fr. &?;, &?;, to look (akin to Skr.
<i>dar&?;</i> to see), and so called from its terrible eyes.  Cf.
<u>Drake</u> a dragon, <u>Dragoon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A fabulous animal, generally represented as a
monstrous winged serpent or lizard, with a crested head and enormous
claws, and regarded as very powerful and ferocious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dragons</i> which appear in early paintings and
sculptures are invariably representations of a winged
crocodile.</blockquote> <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In Scripture the term <i>dragon</i> refers to any great
monster, whether of the land or sea, usually to some kind of serpent
or reptile, sometimes to land serpents of a powerful and deadly kind.
It is also applied metaphorically to Satan.</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou breakest the heads of the <i>dragons</i> in the
waters.</blockquote> <i> Ps. lxxiv. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt tread upon the lion and adder; the young
lion and the <i>dragon</i> shalt thou trample under
feet.</blockquote> <i> Ps. xci. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He laid hold on the <i>dragon</i>, that old serpent,
which is the Devil and Satan, and bound him a thousand
years.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xx. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fierce, violent person, esp. a
woman.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation of the
northern hemisphere figured as a dragon; Draco.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A luminous exhalation from marshy grounds,
seeming to move through the air as a winged serpent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. Antiq.)</i> <def>A short musket hooked
to a swivel attached to a soldier's belt; -- so called from a
representation of a dragon's head at the muzzle.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small arboreal
lizard of the genus Draco, of several species, found in the East
Indies and Southern Asia. Five or six of the hind ribs, on each side,
are prolonged and covered with weblike skin, forming a sort of wing.
These prolongations aid them in making long leaps from tree to tree.
Called also <i>flying lizard</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of carrier
pigeon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A fabulous winged creature,
sometimes borne as a charge in a coat of arms.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Dragon</i> is often used adjectively, or in combination,
in the sense of <i>relating to</i>, <i>resembling</i>, or
<i>characteristic of</i>, <i>a dragon</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Dragon arum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the name of
several species of <i>Aris&aelig;ma</i>, a genus of plants having a
spathe and spadix. See <i>Dragon root</i>(below).</cd> --
<col><b>Dragon fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
dragonet.</cd> -- <col><b>Dragon fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any insect of the family <i>Libellulid&aelig;</i>. They have
finely formed, large and strongly reticulated wings, a large head
with enormous eyes, and a long body; -- called also <i>mosquito
hawks</i>. Their larv&aelig; are aquatic and insectivorous.</cd> --
<col><b>Dragon root</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American aroid
plant (<i>Aris&aelig;ma Dracontium</i>); green dragon.</cd> --
<col><b>Dragon's blood</b></col>, <cd>a resinous substance obtained
from the fruit of several species of <i>Calamus</i>, esp. from <i>C.
Rotang</i> and <i>C. Draco</i>, growing in the East Indies. A
substance known as <i>dragon's blood</i> is obtained by exudation
from <i>Drac&aelig;na Draco</i>; also from <i>Pterocarpus Draco</i>,
a tree of the West Indies and South America. The color is red, or a
dark brownish red, and it is used chiefly for coloring varnishes,
marbles, etc. Called also <i>Cinnabar Gr&aelig;corum</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dragon's head</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>A plant of several species of the genus <i>Dracocephalum</i>.
They are perennial herbs closely allied to the common catnip.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>The ascending node of a
planet, indicated, chiefly in almanacs, by the symbol &?;. The
deviation from the ecliptic made by a planet in passing from one node
to the other seems, according to the fancy of some, to make a figure
like that of a dragon, whose belly is where there is the greatest
latitude; the intersections representing the head and tail; -- from
which resemblance the denomination arises.</cd> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i> -
- <col><b>Dragon shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species
of limpet.</cd> -- <col><b>Dragon's skin</b></col>, <cd>fossil stems
whose leaf scars somewhat resemble the scales of reptiles; -- a name
used by miners and quarrymen.</cd> <i>Stormonth.</i> --
<col><b>Dragon's tail</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the descending
node of a planet, indicated by the symbol &?;. See <i>Dragon's
head</i> (above).</cd> -- <col><b>Dragon's wort</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus <i>Artemisia</i> (<i>A.
dracunculus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Dragon tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West African liliaceous tree (<i>Drac&aelig;na
Draco</i>), yielding one of the resins called dragon's blood. See
<u>Drac&aelig;na</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dragon water</b></col>, <cd>a
medicinal remedy very popular in the earlier half of the 17th
century.</cd> "<i>Dragon water</i> may do good upon him." <i>Randolph
(1640).</i> -- <col><b>Flying dragon</b></col>, <cd>a large meteoric
fireball; a bolide.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drag"on*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A little dragon.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small British marine
fish (<i>Callionymuslyra</i>); -- called also <i>yellow sculpin</i>,
<i>fox</i>, and <i>gowdie</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drag"on*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>resembling a
dragon.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drag"on*like`</hw> (-l&imacr;k`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like a dragon.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 451 !></p>

<p><hw>Drag`on*nade"</hw> (dr&abreve;g`&obreve;n*n&amacr;d"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>dragon</i> dragoon, because Louis
XIV., in persecuting the Protestants of his kingdom, quartered
dragoons upon them.] <def>The severe persecution of French
Protestants under Louis XIV., by an armed force, usually of dragoons;
hence, a rapid and devastating incursion; dragoonade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He learnt it as he watched the <i>dragonnades</i>, the
tortures, the massacres of the Netherlands.</blockquote> <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Drag"on's blood</hw>, <hw>Drag"on's head</hw>, <hw>Drag"on's
tail</hw>  }. <def>See <i>Dragon's blood</i>, <i>Dragon's head</i>,
etc., under <u>Dragon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dra*goon"</hw> (dr&adot;*g&oomac;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>dragon</i> dragon, dragoon, fr. L. <i>draco</i> dragon, also, a
cohort's standard (with a dragon on it). The name was given from the
sense <i>standard</i>. See <u>Dragon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>((Mil.)</i> <def>Formerly, a soldier who was taught and armed to
serve either on horseback or on foot; now, a mounted soldier; a
cavalry man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A variety of pigeon.</def>
<i>Clarke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dragoon bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
umbrella bird.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dra*goon"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dragooned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dragooning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To harass or reduce to
subjection by dragoons; to persecute by abandoning a place to the
rage of soldiers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To compel submission by violent measures;
to harass; to persecute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The colonies may be influenced to anything, but they
can be <i>dragooned</i> to nothing.</blockquote> <i>Price.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lewis the Fourteenth is justly censured for trying to
<i>dragoon</i> his subjects to heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drag`oon*ade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dragonnade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dra*goon"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dragoon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Drail</hw> (dr&amacr;l), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[&radic;73.] <def>To trail; to draggle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drain</hw> (dr&amacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Drained</u> (dr&amacr;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Draining</u>.] [AS. <i>drehnigean</i> to drain,
strain; perh. akin to E. <i>draw</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
draw off by degrees; to cause to flow gradually out or off; hence, to
cause the exhaustion of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fountains <i>drain</i> the water from the ground
adjacent.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But it was not alone that the he <i>drained</i> their
treasure and hampered their industry.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exhaust of liquid contents by drawing
them off; to make gradually dry or empty; to remove surface water, as
from streets, by gutters, etc.; to deprive of moisture; hence, to
exhaust; to empty of wealth, resources, or the like; as, to
<i>drain</i> a country of its specie.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sinking waters, the firm land to <i>drain</i>,<BR>
Filled the capacious deep and formed the main.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To filter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Salt water, <i>drained</i> through twenty vessels of
earth, hath become fresh.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drain</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
flow gradually; as, the water of low ground <i>drains</i>
off.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become emptied of liquor by flowing or
dropping; as, let the vessel stand and <i>drain</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of draining, or of drawing off; gradual and continuous outflow or
withdrawal; as, the <i>drain</i> of specie from a country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That means of which anything is drained; a
channel; a trench; a water course; a sewer; a sink.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The grain from the mashing tub;
as, brewers' <i>drains</i>.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Box drain</b></col>, <col><b>Counter drain</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Box</u>, <u>Counter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Right of
drain</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an easement or servitude by which
one man has a right to convey water in pipes through or over the
estate of another.</cd>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being drained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drain"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A draining; a gradual flowing off of any liquid; also, that
which flows out of a drain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mode in which the waters of a country
pass off by its streams and rivers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>The system of drains and
their operation, by which superfluous water is removed from towns,
railway beds, mines, and other works.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Area or district drained; as, the
<i>drainage</i> of the Po, the Thames, etc.</def>  <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The act, process, or means
of drawing off the pus or fluids from a wound, abscess,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Drainage tube</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>a tube
introduced into a wound, etc., to draw off the discharges.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Draine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The missel thrush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, drains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drain"ing</hw>, <pos><i>vb. n.</i></pos> of <u>Drain</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>The art of carrying off
surplus water, as from land.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Draining tile</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<u>Draintile</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drain"pipe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pipe used
for carrying off surplus water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drain"tile`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hollow tile
used in making drains; -- called also <i>draining tile</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drain"trap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 4th
<u>Trap</u>, 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drake</hw> (dr&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG.
<i>drake</i>, OHG. <i>antrache</i>, <i>anetrecho</i>, G.
<i>enterich</i>, Icel. <i>andriki</i>, Dan. <i>andrik</i>, OSw.
<i>andrak</i>, <i>andrage</i>, masc., and fr. AS. <i>ened</i>, fem.,
duck; akin to D. <i>eend</i>, G. <i>ente</i>, Icel. <i>&ouml;nd</i>,
Dan. <i>and</i>, Sw. <i>and</i>, Lith. <i>antis</i>, L. <i>anas</i>,
Gr. &?; (for &?;), and perh. Skr. <i>&amacr;ti</i> a water fowl.
&radic;207. In English the first part of the word was lost. The
ending is akin to E. <i>rich</i>.  Cf. <u>Gulaund</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The male of the duck kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. <i>Dragon fly</i>, under <u>Dragon</u>.]
<def>The drake fly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>drake</i> will mount steeple height into the
air.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Drake fly</b></col>, <cd>a kind of fly, sometimes used in
angling.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The dark <i>drake fly</i>, good in
August.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>draca</i> dragon, L.
<i>draco</i>. See <u>Dragon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
dragon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Beowulf resolves to kill the
<i>drake</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Harrison (Beowulf).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of artillery.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Two or three shots, made at them by a couple of
<i>drakes</i>, made them stagger.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>dravik</i>, W.
<i>drewg</i>, darnel, cockle, etc.] <def>Wild oats, brome grass, or
darnel grass; -- called also <i>drawk</i>, <i>dravick</i>, and
<i>drank</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drake"stone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flat stone
so thrown along the surface of water as to skip from point to point
before it sinks; also, the sport of so throwing stones; -- sometimes
called <i>ducks and drakes</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Internal earthquakes, that, not content with one
throe, run along spasmodically, like boys playing at what is called
<i>drakestone</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dram</hw> (dr&abreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>drame</i>, F. <i>drachme</i>, L. <i>drachma</i>, drachm, drachma,
fr. Gr. <grk>drachmh`</grk>, prop., a handful, fr.
<grk>dra`ssesqai</grk> to grasp.  Cf. <u>Drachm</u>, <u>Drachma</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A weight; in <i>Apothecaries' weight</i>, one
eighth part of an ounce, or sixty grains; in <i>Avoirdupois
weight</i>, one sixteenth part of an ounce, or 27.34375
grains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A minute quantity; a mite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Were I the chooser, a <i>dram</i> of well-doing should
be preferred before many times as mush the forcible hindrance of
evildoing.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>As much spirituous liquor as is usually
drunk at once; as, a <i>dram</i> of brandy; hence, a potation or
potion; as, a <i>dram</i> of poison.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Numis.)</i> <def>A Persian daric.</def>
<i>Ezra ii. 69.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fluid dram</b></col>, or <col><b>Fluid drachm</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Fluid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dram</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To drink drams;
to ply with drams.</def> [Low]  <i>Johnson.</i>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dra"ma</hw> (dr&auml;"m&adot; <i>or</i> dr&amacr;"m&adot;;
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>drama</i>, Gr. <grk>dra^ma</grk>,
fr. <grk>dra^n</grk> to do, act; cf. Lith. <i>daryti</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A composition, in prose or poetry,
accommodated to action, and intended to exhibit a picture of human
life, or to depict a series of grave or humorous actions of more than
ordinary interest, tending toward some striking result. It is
commonly designed to be spoken and represented by actors on the
stage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A divine pastoral <i>drama</i> in the Song of
Solomon.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A series of real events invested with a
dramatic unity and interest.</def> "The <i>drama</i> of war."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Westward the course of empire takes its way;<BR>
The four first acts already past,<BR>
A fifth shall close the <i>drama</i> with the day;<BR>
Time's noblest offspring is the last.</blockquote>
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>drama</i> and contrivances of God's
providence.</blockquote> <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dramatic composition and the literature
pertaining to or illustrating it; dramatic literature.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The principal species of the drama are <i>tragedy</i> and
<i>comedy</i>; inferior species are <i>tragi-comedy</i>,
<i>melodrama</i>, <i>operas</i>, <i>burlettas</i>, and
<i>farces</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>The romantic drama</b></col>, <cd>the kind of drama whose
aim is to present a tale or history in scenes, and whose plays (like
those of Shakespeare, Marlowe, and others) are stories told in
dialogue by actors on the stage.</cd>  <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dra*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Dra*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;: cf. F. <i>dramatique</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the drama; appropriate to, or having the
qualities of, a drama; theatrical; vivid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The emperor . . . performed his part with much
<i>dramatic</i> effect.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dra*mat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dramatic manner; theatrically; vividly.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dram"a*tis per*so"n&aelig;</hw> (?). [L.] <def>The actors in
a drama or play.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dram"a*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dramatiste</i>.] <def>The author of a dramatic composition; a
writer of plays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dram"a*ti`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being dramatized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dram`a*ti*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
dramatizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dram"a*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dramatized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dramatizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>dramatiser</i>.]
<def>To compose in the form of the drama; to represent in a drama; to
adapt to dramatic representation; as, to <i>dramatize</i> a novel, or
an historical episode.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>dramatized</i> tyranny for public
execration.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dram`a*tur"gic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
dramaturgy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dram"a*tur`gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in dramaturgy.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dram"a*tur`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dramatic
composition; &?; drama + a root akin to E. <i>work</i>: cf. F.
<i>dramaturgie</i>.] <def>The art of dramatic composition and
representation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dram"ming</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice of
drinking drams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dram"sell`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sells
distilled liquors by the dram or glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dram"shop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shop or
barroom where spirits are sold by the dram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drank</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Drink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 3d <u>Drake</u>.]
<def>Wild oats, or darnel grass. See <u>Drake</u> a plant.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Drap` d'&eacute;*t&eacute;"</hw> (?). [F., clot of summer.]
<def>A thin woolen fabric, twilled like merino.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drape</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Draped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Draping</u> (?).] [F. <i>draper</i>, fr. <i>drap</i> cloth. See 3d
<u>Drab</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover or adorn with drapery
or folds of cloth, or as with drapery; as, to <i>drape</i> a bust, a
building, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole people were <i>draped</i>
professionally.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These starry blossoms, [of the snow] pure and
white,<BR>
Soft falling, falling, through the night,<BR>
Have <i>draped</i> the woods and mere</blockquote>.
<i>Bungay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rail at; to banter.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drape</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make cloth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To design drapery, arrange its folds,
etc., as for hangings, costumes, statues, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dra"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>drapier</i>.]
<def>One who sells cloths; a dealer in cloths; as, a <i>draper</i>
and tailor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dra"per*ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered or
supplied with drapery.</def> [R.]  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dra"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Draperies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>draperie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The occupation of a draper; cloth-making, or
dealing in cloth.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cloth, or woolen stuffs in
general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>People who ought to be weighing out grocery or
measuring out <i>drapery</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A textile fabric used for decorative
purposes, especially when hung loosely and in folds carefully
disturbed; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Garments or vestments of this
character worn upon the body, or shown in the representations of the
human figure in art. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Hangings of a room or hall,
or about a bed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like one that wraps the <i>drapery</i> of his
couch<BR>
About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams.</blockquote>
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the decent <i>drapery</i> of life is to be rudely
torn off.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Casting of draperies</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Casting</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>casting of draperies</i> . . . is one of the
most important of an artist's studies.</blockquote>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dra"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>drap</i>.]
<def>Cloth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dras"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
do, act: cf. F. <i>drastique</i>. See <u>Drama</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Acting rapidly and violently; efficacious; powerful; -- opposed
to <i>bland</i>; as, <i>drastic</i> purgatives.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A violent purgative. See
<u>Cathartic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dras"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>d&aelig;rstan</i>, <i>dresten</i>, dregs.] <def>Filthy;
worthless.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Drasty</i> ryming."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draugh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Draft</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Draught</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same as
<i>draft</i>, the spelling with <i>gh</i> indicating an older
pronunciation. See <u>Draft</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Draw</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of drawing or pulling</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of moving loads by drawing, as by
beasts of burden, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A general custom of using oxen for all sort of
<i>draught</i> would be, perhaps, the greatest
improvement.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The drawing of a bowstring.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She sent an arrow forth with mighty
<i>draught</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Act of drawing a net; a sweeping the
water for fish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the <i>draught</i> of a pond, not one fish was
left.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The act of drawing liquor into the mouth
and throat; the act of drinking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In his hands he took the goblet, but a while the
<i>draught</i> forbore.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A sudden attack or drawing upon an
enemy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By drawing sudden <i>draughts</i> upon the enemy when
he looketh not for you.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The act of selecting or
detaching soldiers; a draft (see <u>Draft</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2)</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>The act of drawing up, marking out,
or delineating; representation.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is drawn</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That which is taken by sweeping with a
net.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Launch out into the deep, and let down your nets for a
<i>draught</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke v. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He laid down his pipe, and cast his net, which brought
him a very great <i>draught</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The force drawn; a
detachment; -- in this sense usually written <i>draft</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The quantity drawn in at once in drinking; a
potion or potation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disguise thyself as thou wilt, still, Slavery, . . .
still thou art a bitter <i>draught</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Low lies that house where nut-brown <i>draughts</i>
inspired.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A sketch, outline, or representation,
whether written, designed, or drawn; a delineation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>draught</i> of a Toleration Act was offered to
the Parliament by a private member.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No picture or <i>draught</i> of these things from the
report of the eye.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>An order for the payment of
money; -- in this sense almost always written <i>draft</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A current of air moving through an inclosed
place, as through a room or up a chimney.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He preferred to go and sit upon the stairs, in . . .
a strong <i>draught</i> of air, until he was again sent
for.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which draws</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A team of oxen or horses.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sink or drain; a
privy.</def> <i>Shak.</i> <i>Matt. xv. 17.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>pl.</i> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A mild vesicatory; a sinapism; as, to
apply <i>draughts</i> to the feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Capacity of being drawn; force necessary
to draw; traction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Hertfordshire wheel plow . . . is of the easiest
<i>draught</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The depth of water
necessary to float a ship, or the depth a ship sinks in water,
especially when laden; as, a ship of twelve feet
<i>draught</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>An allowance on weighable
goods. [Eng.] See <u>Draft</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A move, as at chess or checkers.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The bevel given to the pattern for a
casting, in order that it may be drawn from the sand without injury
to the mold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>See <u>Draft</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angle of draught</b></col>, <cd>the angle made with the
plane over which a body is drawn by the line in which the pulling
force acts, when the latter has the direction best adapted to
overcome the obstacles of friction and the weight of the body.</cd> -
- <col><b>Black draught</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Black</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Blast draught</b></col>, or
<col><b>Forced draught</b></col>, <cd>the draught produced by a
blower, as by blowing in air beneath a fire or drawing out the gases
from above it.</cd> -- <col><b>Natural draught</b></col>, <cd>the
draught produced by the atmosphere flowing, by its own weight, into a
chimney wherein the air is rarefied by heat.</cd> -- <col><b>On
draught</b></col>, <cd>so as to be drawn from the wood (as a cask,
barrel, etc.) in distinction from being bottled; as, ale <i>on
draught</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheer draught</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Sheer</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Draught</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Used for drawing vehicles, loads, etc.; as, a <i>draught</i>
beast; <i>draught</i> hooks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or characterized by, a draft,
or current of air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Used in making drawings; as,
<i>draught</i> compasses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Drawn directly from the barrel, or other
receptacle, in distinction from <i>bottled</i>; on draught; -- said
of ale, cider, and the like.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word, especially in the first and second meanings, is
often written <i>draft</i>, a spelling which is approved by many
authorities.</p>

<p><col><b>Draught box</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Draught tube</i>,
below.</cd> -- <col><b>Draught engine</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>,
<cd>an engine used for pumping, raising heavy weights, and the
like.</cd> -- <col><b>Draught hook</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>one
of the hooks on a cannon carriage, used in drawing the gun backward
and forward.</cd> -- <col><b>Draught horse</b></col>, <cd>a horse
employed in drawing loads, plowing, etc., as distinguished from a
saddle horse or carriage horse.</cd> -- <col><b>Draught
net</b></col>, <cd>a seine or hauling net.</cd> -- <col><b>Draught
ox</b></col>, <cd>an ox employed in hauling loads, plowing, etc.</cd>
-- <col><b>Draught tube</b></col> <i>(Water Wheels)</i>, <cd>an air-
tight pipe extending downward into the tailrace from a turbine wheel
located above it, to make the whole fall available; -- called also
<i>draught box</i>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 452 !></p>

<p><hw>Draught</hw> (dr&adot;ft), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Draughted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Draughting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw
out; to call forth. See <u>Draft</u>.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To diminish or exhaust by drawing.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Parliament so often <i>draughted</i> and
drained.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw in outline; to make a draught,
sketch, or plan of, as in architectural and mechanical
drawing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Draughting room</b></col>, <cd>a room draughtsmen to work
in, and where plans are kept.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Draught"board`</hw> (-b&omacr;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A checkered board on which draughts are played. See
<u>Checkerboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draught"house`</hw> (-hous`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
house for the reception of waste matter; a privy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>2
Kings x. 27.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draughts</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A mild
vesicatory. See <u>Draught</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draughts</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A game, now more
commonly called <i>checkers</i>. See <u>Checkers</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Polish draughts</i> is sometimes played with 40 pieces
on a board divided into 100 squares.  <i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draughts"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Draughtsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
draws pleadings or other writings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who draws plans and sketches of
machinery, structures, and places; also, more generally, one who
makes drawings of any kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A "man" or piece used in the game of
draughts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who drinks drams; a tippler.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draughts"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office,
art, or work of a draughtsman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draught"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
draught, or current of air; as, a <i>draughtly</i>, comfortless
room.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drave</hw> (?), <def>old <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Drive</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dra"vi*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>Dr&amacr;vi&dsdot;a</i>, prob. meaning, Tamil.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>A race of Hindostan, believed to be the original people who
occupied the land before the Hindoo or Aryan invasion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dra*vid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Skr.
<i>Dr&amacr;vi&dsdot;a</i>, the name of the southern portion of the
peninsula of India.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Dravida.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dravidian languages</b></col>, <cd>a group of languages of
Southern India, which seem to have been the idioms of the natives,
before the invasion of tribes speaking Sanskrit. Of these languages,
the Tamil is the most important.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Draw</hw> (dr&add;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Drew</u> (dr&udd;); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drawn</u> (dr&add;n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Drawing</u>.] [OE. <i>dra&yogh;en</i>, <i>drahen</i>,
<i>draien</i>, <i>drawen</i>, AS. <i>dragan</i>; akin to Icel. &amp; Sw.
<i>draga</i>, Dan. <i>drage</i> to draw, carry, and prob. to OS.
<i>dragan</i> to bear, carry, D. <i>dragen</i>, G. <i>tragen</i>,
Goth. <i>dragan</i>; cf. Skr. <i>dhraj</i> to move along, glide; and
perh. akin to Skr. <i>dhar</i> to hold, bear. &radic;73.  Cf. 2d
<u>Drag</u>, <u>Dray</u> a cart, 1st <u>Dredge</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to move continuously by force
applied in advance of the thing moved; to pull along; to haul; to
drag; to cause to follow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He cast him down to ground, and all along<BR>
<i>Drew</i> him through dirt and mire without remorse.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He hastened to <i>draw</i> the stranger into a private
room.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not rich men oppress you, and <i>draw</i> you
before the judgment seats?</blockquote> <i>James ii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The arrow is now <i>drawn</i> to the
head.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To influence to move or tend toward one's
self; to exercise an attracting force upon; to call towards itself;
to attract; hence, to entice; to allure; to induce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The poet<BR>
Did feign that Orpheus <i>drew</i> trees, stones, and
floods.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All eyes you <i>draw</i>, and with the eyes the
heart.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to come out for one's use or
benefit; to extract; to educe; to bring forth; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> To bring or take out, or to let out, from some
receptacle, as a stick or post from a hole, water from a cask or
well, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>drew</i> out the staves of the
ark.</blockquote> <i>2 Chron. v. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Draw</i> thee waters for the siege.</blockquote>
<i>Nahum iii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I opened the tumor by the point of a lancet without
<i>drawing</i> one drop of blood.</blockquote> <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To pull from a sheath, as a
sword.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>draw</i> my sword, my hand shall destroy
them.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xv. 9.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To extract; to force out; to elicit; to
derive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spirits, by distillations, may be <i>drawn</i> out of
vegetable juices, which shall flame and fume of
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Until you had <i>drawn</i> oaths from
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To obtain from some cause or origin; to
infer from evidence or reasons; to deduce from premises; to
derive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We do not <i>draw</i> the moral lessons we might from
history.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To take or procure from a place of
deposit; to call for and receive from a fund, or the like; as, to
<i>draw</i> money from a bank.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To take
from a box or wheel, as a lottery ticket; to receive from a lottery
by the drawing out of the numbers for prizes or blanks; hence, to
obtain by good fortune; to win; to gain; as, he <i>drew</i> a
prize.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>To select by the drawing of
lots.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Provided magistracies were filled by men freely chosen
or <i>drawn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Freeman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To remove the contents of</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To drain by emptying; to suck dry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sucking and <i>drawing</i> the breast dischargeth the
milk as fast as it can generated.</blockquote> <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To extract the bowels of; to eviscerate;
as, to <i>draw</i> a fowl; to hang, <i>draw</i>, and quarter a
criminal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In private <i>draw</i> your poultry, clean your
tripe.</blockquote> <i>King.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To take into the lungs; to inhale; to
inspire; hence, also, to utter or produce by an inhalation; to
heave.</def> "Where I first <i>drew</i> air."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Drew</i>, or seemed to <i>draw</i>, a dying
groan.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To extend in length; to lengthen; to
protract; to stretch; to extend, as a mass of metal into
wire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How long her face is <i>drawn</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the huge Offa's dike which he <i>drew</i> from the
mouth of Wye to that of Dee.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To run, extend, or produce, as a line on
any surface; hence, also, to form by marking; to make by an
instrument of delineation; to produce, as a sketch, figure, or
picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To represent by lines drawn; to form a
sketch or a picture of; to represent by a picture; to delineate;
hence, to represent by words; to depict; to describe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A flattering painter who made it his care<BR>
To <i>draw</i> men as they ought to be, not as they are.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can I, untouched, the fair one's passions move,<BR>
Or thou <i>draw</i> beauty and not feel its power?</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To write in due form; to prepare a draught
of; as, to <i>draw</i> a memorial, a deed, or bill of
exchange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Clerk, <i>draw</i> a deed of gift.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To require (so great a depth, as of
water) for floating; -- said of a vessel; to sink so deep in (water);
as, a ship <i>draws</i> ten feet of water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go wash thy face, and <i>draw</i> the
action.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To trace by scent; to track; -- a hunting
term.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Draw</i>, in most of its uses, retains some shade of its
original sense, to pull, to move forward by the application of force
in advance, or to extend in length, and usually expresses an action
as gradual or continuous, and leisurely. We <i>pour</i> liquid
quickly, but we <i>draw</i> it in a continued stream. We <i>force</i>
compliance by threats, but we <i>draw</i> it by gradual prevalence.
We may <i>write</i> a letter with haste, but we <i>draw</i> a bill
with slow caution and regard to a precise form. We <i>draw</i> a bar
of metal by continued beating.</p>

<p><col><b>To draw a bow</b></col>, <cd>to bend the bow by drawing
the string for discharging the arrow.</cd> -- <col><b>To draw a
cover</b></col>, <cd>to clear a cover of the game it contains.</cd> -
- <col><b>To draw a curtain</b></col>, <cd>to cause a curtain to
slide or move, either closing or unclosing.</cd> "Night <i>draws the
curtain</i>, which the sun withdraws." <i>Herbert.</i> -- <col><b>To
draw a line</b></col>, <cd>to fix a limit or boundary.</cd> --
<col><b>To draw back</b></col>, <cd>to receive back, as duties on
goods for exportation.</cd> -- <col><b>To draw breath</b></col>,
<cd>to breathe.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To draw cuts</b></col>
or <col><b>lots</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cut</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To draw in</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To bring or pull in; to collect.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To entice; to inveigle.</cd> -- <col><b>To
draw interest</b></col>, <cd>to produce or gain interest.</cd> --
<col><b>To draw off</b></col>, <cd>to withdraw; to abstract.</cd>
<i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To draw on</b></col>, <cd>to bring on; to
occasion; to cause.</cd> "War which either his negligence <i>drew
on</i>, or his practices procured." <i>Hayward.</i> -- <col><b>To
draw (one) out</b></col>, <cd>to elicit cunningly the thoughts and
feelings of another.</cd> -- <col><b>To draw out</b></col>, <cd>to
stretch or extend; to protract; to spread out.</cd> -- "Wilt thou
<i>draw out</i> thine anger to all generations?" <i>Ps. lxxxv. 5.</i>
"Linked sweetness long <i>drawn out</i>." <i>Milton.</i> --
<col><b>To draw over</b></col>, <cd>to cause to come over, to induce
to leave one part or side for the opposite one.</cd> -- <col><b>To
draw the longbow</b></col>, <cd>to exaggerate; to tell preposterous
tales.</cd> -- <col><b>To draw (one)</b></col> <col><b>to or on
to</b></col> (something), <cd>to move, to incite, to induce.</cd>
"How many actions most ridiculous hast thou been <i>drawn to</i> by
thy fantasy?" <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To draw up</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To compose in due form; to draught; to form
in writing.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To arrange in order, as a
body of troops; to array.</cd> "<i>Drawn up</i> in battle to receive
the charge."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Draw</u>, <u>Drag</u>.  <i>Draw</i> differs
from <i>drag</i> in this, that <i>drag</i> implies a natural
inaptitude for drawing, or positive resistance; it is applied to
things pulled or hauled along the ground, or moved with toil or
difficulty. <i>Draw</i> is applied to all bodies moved by force in
advance, whatever may be the degree of force; it commonly implies
that some kind of aptitude or provision exists for drawing.
<i>Draw</i> is the more general or generic term, and <i>drag</i> the
more specific. We say, the horses <i>draw</i> a coach or wagon, but
they <i>drag</i> it through mire; yet <i>draw</i> is properly used in
both cases.</p>

<p><hw>Draw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pull; to exert strength in drawing anything; to have force to
move anything by pulling; as, a horse <i>draws</i> well; the sails of
a ship <i>draw</i> well.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A sail is said to <i>draw</i> when it is filled with
wind.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw a liquid from some receptacle, as
water from a well.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The woman saith unto him, Sir, thou hast nothing to
<i>draw</i> with, and the well is deep.</blockquote> <i>John iv.
11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To exert an attractive force; to act as an
inducement or enticement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep a watch upon the particular bias of their minds,
that it may not <i>draw</i> too much.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To have efficiency as an
epispastic; to act as a sinapism; -- said of a blister, poultice,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To have draught, as a chimney, flue, or
the like; to furnish transmission to smoke, gases, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To unsheathe a weapon, especially a
sword.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So soon as ever thou seest him, <i>draw</i>; and as
thou <i>drawest</i>, swear horrible.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To perform the act, or practice the art,
of delineation; to sketch; to form figures or pictures.</def> "Skill
in <i>drawing</i>."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To become contracted; to shrink.</def> "To
<i>draw</i> into less room."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To move; to come or go; literally, to draw
one's self; -- with prepositions and adverbs; as, to <i>draw
away</i>, to move off, esp. in racing, to get in front; to obtain the
lead or increase it; to <i>draw back</i>, to retreat; to <i>draw
level</i>, to move up even (with another); to come up to or overtake
another; to <i>draw off</i>, to retire or retreat; to <i>draw on</i>,
to advance; to <i>draw up</i>, to form in array; to <i>draw near</i>,
<i>nigh</i>, or <i>towards</i>, to approach; to <i>draw together</i>,
to come together, to collect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To make a draft or written demand for
payment of money deposited or due; -- usually with <i>on</i> or
<i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You may <i>draw</i> on me for the expenses of your
journey.</blockquote> <i>Jay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To admit the action of pulling or
dragging; to undergo draught; as, a carriage <i>draws</i>
easily.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To sink in water; to require a depth for
floating.</def> "Greater hulks <i>draw</i> deep."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To draw to a head</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Med.)</i> <cd>To begin to suppurate; to ripen, as a boil.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Fig.: <cd>To ripen, to approach the time for
action; as, the plot <i>draws to a head</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Draw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of drawing; draught.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lot or chance to be drawn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A drawn game or battle, etc.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That part of a bridge which may be raised,
swung round, or drawn aside; the movable part of a drawbridge. See
the Note under <u>Drawbridge</u>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Draw"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being drawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A loss of advantage, or deduction from profit, value, success,
etc.; a discouragement or hindrance; objectionable feature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The avarice of Henry VII . . . . must be deemed a
<i>drawback</i> from the wisdom ascribed to him.</blockquote>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Money paid back or remitted;
especially, a certain amount of duties or customs, sometimes the
whole, and sometimes only a part, remitted or paid back by the
government, on the exportation of the commodities on which they were
levied.</def>  <i>M&lsquo;Culloch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draw"bar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Railroad)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An openmouthed bar at the end of a car,
which receives a coupling link and pin by which the car is drawn. It
is usually provided with a spring to give elasticity to the
connection between the cars of a train.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A bar of iron with an eye at each end, or a heavy link, for
coupling a locomotive to a tender or car.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"bench`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A machine in which strips of metal are drawn through a
drawplate; especially, one in which wire is thus made; -- also called
<i>drawing bench</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"bolt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Engin.)</i>
<def>A coupling pin. See under <u>Coupling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"bore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Joinery)</i>
<def>A hole bored through a tenon nearer to the shoulder than the
holes through the cheeks are to the edge or abutment against which
the shoulder is to rest, so that a pin or bolt, when driven into it,
will draw these parts together.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draw"bore`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a drawbore in; as, to <i>drawbore</i> a tenon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enlarge the bore of a gun barrel by
drawing, instead of thrusting, a revolving tool through it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"boy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Weaving)</i>
<def>A boy who operates the harness cords of a hand loom; also, a
part of power loom that performs the same office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"bridge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bridge of
which either the whole or a part is made to be raised up, let down,
or drawn or turned aside, to admit or hinder communication at
pleasure, as before the gate of a town or castle, or over a navigable
river or canal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The movable portion, or draw, is called, specifically, a
<i>bascule</i>, <i>balance</i>, or <i>lifting bridge</i>, a
<i>turning</i>, <i>swivel</i>, or <i>swing bridge</i>, or a
<i>rolling bridge</i>, according as it turns on a hinge vertically,
or on a pivot horizontally, or is pushed on rollers.</p>

<p><hw>Draw"can*sir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the name of
a bullying braggart character in the play by George Villiers called
"The Rehearsal."] <def>A blustering, bullying fellow; a pot-valiant
braggart; a bully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The leader was of an ugly look and gigantic stature;
he acted like a <i>drawcansir</i>, sparing neither friend nor
foe.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draw"-cut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A single cut
with a knife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
person on whom an order or bill of exchange is drawn; -- the
correlative of <i>drawer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, draws</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One who draws liquor for guests; a waiter in a taproom.</def>
<i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who delineates or depicts;
a draughtsman; as, a good <i>drawer</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>One who draws a bill of exchange or order for
payment; -- the correlative of <i>drawee</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is drawn</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sliding box or receptacle in a case, which
is opened by pulling or drawing out, and closed by pushing in.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>An under-garment worn on the
lower limbs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chest of drawers</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Chest</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Draw"fil`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process
of smooth filing by working the file sidewise instead of
lengthwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"gear`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A harness for draught horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>The means or parts by
which cars are connected to be drawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"gloves`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>An old
game, played by holding up the fingers.</def>  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draw"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Railroad)</i>
<def>The flanged outer end of a drawbar; also, a name applied to the
drawgear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of pulling, or attracting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or the art of representing any
object by means of lines and shades; especially, such a
representation when in one color, or in tints used not to represent
the colors of natural objects, but for effect only, and produced with
hard material such as pencil, chalk, etc.; delineation; also, the
figure or representation drawn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The process of stretching or spreading
metals as by hammering, or, as in forming wire from rods or tubes and
cups from sheet metal, by pulling them through dies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Textile Manuf.)</i> <def>The process of
pulling out and elongating the sliver from the carding machine, by
revolving rollers, to prepare it for spinning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The distribution of prizes and blanks in a
lottery.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Drawing</i> is used adjectively or as the first part of
compounds in the sense of <i>pertaining to drawing</i>, <i>for
drawing</i> (in the sense of pulling, and of pictorial
representation); as, <i>drawing</i> master or <i>drawing</i>-master,
<i>drawing</i> knife or <i>drawing</i>-knife, <i>drawing</i> machine,
<i>drawing</i> board, <i>drawing</i> paper, <i>drawing</i> pen,
<i>drawing</i> pencil, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>A drawing of tea</b></col>, <cd>a small portion of tea for
steeping.</cd> -- <col><b>Drawing knife</b></col>. <cd>See in the
<u>Vocabulary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Drawing paper</b></col> <i>(Fine
Arts)</i>, <cd>a thick, sized paper for draughtsman and for water-
color painting.</cd> -- <col><b>Drawing slate</b></col>, <cd>a soft,
slaty substance used in crayon drawing; -- called also <i>black
chalk</i>, or <i>drawing chalk</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Free-hand
drawing</b></col>, <cd>a style of drawing made without the use of
guiding or measuring instruments, as distinguished from mechanical or
geometrical drawing; also, a drawing thus executed.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 453 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Draw"ing knife"</hw> (?), <hw>Draw"knife`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A joiner's tool having a
blade with a handle at each end, used to shave off surfaces, by
drawing it toward one; a shave; -- called also <i>drawshave</i>, and
<i>drawing shave</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A tool used for the purpose
of making an incision along the path a saw is to follow, to prevent
it from tearing the surface of the wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"ing-room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>withdraw-ing-room</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A room
appropriated for the reception of company; a room to which company
withdraws from the dining room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The company assembled in such a room;
also, a reception of company in it; as, to hold a <i>drawing-
room</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Johnson] would amaze a <i>drawing-room</i> by
suddenly ejaculating a clause of the Lord's Prayer.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Drawing-room car</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Palace car</i>,
under <u>Car</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drawled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drawling</u>.] [Prob. fr. <i>draw</i>: cf. D. <i>dralen</i> to
linger, tarry, Icel. <i>dralla</i> to loiter. See <u>Draw</u>, and
cf. <u>Draggle</u>.] <def>To utter in a slow, lengthened
tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drawl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To speak with slow
and lingering utterance, from laziness, lack of spirit, affectation,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Theologians and moralists . . . talk mostly in a
<i>drawling</i> and dreaming way about it.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drawl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lengthened, slow
monotonous utterance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"latch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A housebreaker
or thief.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Old Play (1631).</i></p>

<p><hw>Drawl"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
speaking with a drawl; a drawl.</def> -- <wf>Drawl"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draw"link`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Drawbar</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"loom`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A kind of loom used in weaving figured patterns; -- called also
<i>drawboy</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A species of damask made on the
drawloom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drawn</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Draw</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Drawn butter</b></col>, <cd>butter melter and prepared to
be used as a sort of gravy.</cd> -- <col><b>Drawn fowl</b></col>,
<cd>an eviscerated fowl.</cd> -- <col><b>Drawn game</b></col> or
<col><b>battle</b></col>, <cd>one in which neither party wins; one
equally contested.</cd> -- <col><b>Drawn fox</b></col>, <cd>one
driven from cover.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Drawn work</b></col>,
<cd>ornamental work made by drawing out threads from fine cloth, and
uniting the cross threads, to form a pattern.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Draw"net`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A net for
catching the larger sorts of birds; also, a dragnet.</def>
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Draw"plate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hardened
steel plate having a hole, or a gradation of conical holes, through
which wires are drawn to be reduced and elongated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"rod`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Railroad)</i>
<def>A rod which unites the drawgear at opposite ends of the car, and
bears the pull required to draw the train.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"shave`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Drawing
knife</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw"spring`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Railroad)</i>
<def>The spring to which a drawbar is attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dray</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A squirrel's
nest.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>dr&aelig;ge</i> a
dragnet, fr. <i>dragan</i>. <i>&?;&?;&?;&?;</i>. See <u>Draw</u>, and
cf. 2d <u>Drag</u>, 1st <u>Dredge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
strong low cart or carriage used for heavy burdens.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of sledge or sled.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dray cart</b></col>, <cd>a dray.</cd> -- <col><b>Dray
horse</b></col>, <cd>a heavy, strong horse used in drawing a
dray.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dray"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Use of a dray.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The charge, or sum paid, for the use of a
dray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dray"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Draymen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who attends a
dray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draz"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Dross</u>,
<u>Drossel</u>.] <def>A slut; a vagabond wench. Same as
<u>Drossel</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dread</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dreaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dreading</u>.] [AS. <i>dr&?;dan</i>, in comp.; akin to OS.
<i>dr&amacr;dan</i>, OHG. <i>tr&amacr;tan</i>, both only in comp.]
<def>To fear in a great degree; to regard, or look forward to, with
terrific apprehension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When at length the moment <i>dreaded</i> through so
many years came close, the dark cloud passed away from Johnson's
mind.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dread</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be in dread, or
great fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dread</i> not, neither be afraid of
them.</blockquote> <i>Deut. i. 29.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dread</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Great
fear in view of impending evil; fearful apprehension of danger;
anticipatory terror.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The secret <i>dread</i> of divine
displeasure.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>dread</i> of something after
death.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reverential or respectful fear;
awe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fear of you, and the <i>dread</i> of you, shall be
upon every beast of the earth.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ix. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His scepter shows the force of temporal power,<BR>
The attribute to awe and majesty,<BR>
Wherein doth sit the <i>dread</i> and fear of kings.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An object of terrified
apprehension.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person highly revered.</def> [Obs.]
"Una, his dear <i>dread</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fury; dreadfulness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Doubt; as, out of <i>dread</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Awe; fear; affright; terror; horror; dismay;
apprehension. See <u>Reverence</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dread</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exciting great fear or apprehension; causing terror; frightful;
dreadful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>dread</i> eternity! how surely mine.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inspiring with reverential fear; awful'
venerable; as, <i>dread</i> sovereign; <i>dread</i> majesty;
<i>dread</i> tribunal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dread"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy of
being dreaded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dread"-bolt`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Armed with
dreaded bolts.</def> "<i>Dread-bolted</i> thunder." [Poetic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dread"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fears, or
lives in fear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dread"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of dread or terror; fearful.</def> [Obs.] "With
<i>dreadful</i> heart."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inspiring dread; impressing great fear;
fearful; terrible; as, a <i>dreadful</i> storm.</def> "
<i>Dreadful</i> gloom."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For all things are less <i>dreadful</i> than they
seem.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inspiring awe or reverence; awful.</def>
[Obs.] "God's <i>dreadful</i> law."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fearful; frightful; terrific; terrible; horrible;
horrid; formidable; tremendous; awful; venerable. See
<u>Frightful</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dread"ful*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
dreadful manner; terribly.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dread"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being dreadful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dread"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
dread.</def>  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dread"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Free from dread; fearless; intrepid; dauntless; as,
<i>dreadless</i> heart.</def> "The <i>dreadless</i> angel."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exempt from danger which causes dread;
secure.</def> " safe in his <i>dreadless</i> den."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dread"less</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
doubt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dread"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Freedom from
dread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dread"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dreadful.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Dreadly</i> spectacle." <i>Spenser.</i> --
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <def>With dread.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Dreadly</i>
to shake."  <i>Sylvester (Du Bartas).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dread"naught`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fearless person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A garment made of very thick cloth,
that can defend against storm and cold; also, the cloth itself;
fearnaught.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Dream</hw> (dr&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to OS.
<i>dr&omacr;m</i>, D. <i>droom</i>, G. <i>traum</i>, Icel.
<i>draumr</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>dr&ouml;m</i>; cf. G. <i>tr&uuml;gen</i>
to deceive, Skr. <i>druh</i> to harm, hurt, try to hurt. AS.
<i>dre&aacute;m</i> joy, gladness, and OS. <i>dr&omacr;m</i> joy are,
perh., different words; cf. Gr. <grk>qry^los</grk> noise.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The thoughts, or series of thoughts, or
imaginary transactions, which occupy the mind during sleep; a
sleeping vision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dreams</i> are but interludes which fancy
makes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I had a <i>dream</i> which was not all a
<i>dream</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A visionary scheme; a wild conceit; an
idle fancy; a vagary; a revery; -- in this sense, applied to an
imaginary or anticipated state of happiness; as, a <i>dream</i> of
bliss; the <i>dream</i> of his youth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There sober thought pursued the amusing theme,<BR>
Till Fancy colored it and formed a <i>dream</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not them a mere <i>dream</i>, but a very real
aim which they propose.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dream</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dreamed</u> (dr&emacr;md) or <u>Dreamt</u>
(dr&ebreve;mt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dreaming</u>.]
[Cf. AS. <i>dr&emacr;man</i>, <i>dr&ymacr;man</i>, to rejoice. See
<u>Dream</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have
ideas or images in the mind while in the state of sleep; to
experience sleeping visions; -- often with <i>of</i>; as, to
<i>dream</i> of a battle, or of an absent friend.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To let the mind run on in idle revery or
vagary; to anticipate vaguely as a coming and happy reality; to have
a visionary notion or idea; to imagine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here may we sit and <i>dream</i><BR>
Over the heavenly theme</blockquote>. <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>dream</i> on in a constant course of reading,
but not digesting</blockquote>. <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dream</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To have a dream of;
to see, or have a vision of, in sleep, or in idle fancy; -- often
followed by an objective clause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your old men shall <i>dream</i> dreams</blockquote>.
<i>Acts ii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At length in sleep their bodies they compose,<BR>
And <i>dreamt</i> the future fight</blockquote>. <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And still they <i>dream</i> that they shall still
succeed</blockquote>. <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dream</b></col> <col><b>away, out, through</b></col>,
etc., <cd>to pass in revery or inaction; to spend in idle vagaries;
as, to <i>dream away</i> an hour; to <i>dream through</i> life.</cd>
" Why does Antony <i>dream out</i> his hours?"  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dream"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who dreams.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A visionary; one lost in wild imaginations
or vain schemes of some anticipated good; as, a political
<i>dreamer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dream"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
dreams.</def> " <i>Dreamful</i> ease." <i>Tennyson.</i> --
<wf>Dream"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dream"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As if in a
dream; softly; slowly; languidly.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dream"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being dreamy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dream"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dreamy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dream"land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An unreal,
delightful country such as in sometimes pictured in dreams; region of
fancies; fairyland.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] builds a bridge from <i>dreamland</i> for his
lay.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dream"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from, or
without, dreams.</def> <i>Camden.</i> -- <wf>Dream"less*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dream"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Dreamier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Dreamiest</u> (?).] <def>Abounding in
dreams or given to dreaming; appropriate to, or like, dreams;
visionary.</def> "The <i>dreamy</i> dells."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drear</hw> (dr&emacr;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dreary</u>.] <def>Dismal; gloomy with solitude.</def> "A
<i>drear</i> and dying sound."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sadness;
dismalness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Drear"i*head</hw> (-&ibreve;*h&ebreve;d),
<hw>Drear"i*hood</hw> (-&ibreve;*h&oocr;d), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Affliction; dreariness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drear"i*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Gloomily;
dismally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drear"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Dreariness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drear"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sorrow; wretchedness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dismalness; gloomy solitude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drear"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sorrow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drear"i*some</hw> (-s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Very dreary.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drear"y</hw> (dr&emacr;r"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Drearier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Dreariest</u>.] [OE. <i>dreori</i>,
<i>dreri</i>, AS. <i>dre&oacute;rig</i>, sad; akin to G.
<i>traurig</i>, and prob. to AS. <i>dre&oacute;san</i> to fall, Goth.
<i>driusan</i>.  Cf. <u>Dross</u>, <u>Drear</u>, <u>Drizzle</u>,
<u>Drowse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sorrowful; distressful.</def>
[Obs.] " <i>Dreary</i> shrieks."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exciting cheerless sensations, feelings,
or associations; comfortless; dismal; gloomy.</def> " <i>Dreary</i>
shades." <i>Dryden.</i> "The <i>dreary</i> ground."
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Full many a <i>dreary</i> anxious hour.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Johnson entered on his vocation in the most
<i>dreary</i> part of that <i>dreary</i> interval which separated two
ages of prosperity.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drec"che</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>dreccan</i>, <i>dreccean</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To vex; to
torment; to trouble.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As man that in his dream is <i>drecched</i>
sore.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drec"che</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To delay.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dredge</hw> (dr&ebreve;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>dr&egrave;ge</i>, <i>dreige</i>, fish net, from a word akin to E.
<i>draw</i>; cf. D. <i>dreg</i>, <i>dregge</i>, small anchor,
<i>dreg</i>net dragnet. &radic;73.  See <u>Draw</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any instrument used to gather or take by
dragging; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A dragnet for taking up oysters,
etc., from their beds. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A dredging machine.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> An iron frame, with a fine net attached, used in
collecting animals living at the bottom of the sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Very fine mineral matter
held in suspension in water.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dredge</hw> (dr&ebreve;j), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dredged</u> (dr&ebreve;jd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dredging</u>.] <def>To catch or
gather with a dredge; to deepen with a dredging machine.</def>  <i>R.
Carew.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dredging machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine (commonly on a
boat) used to scoop up mud, gravel, or obstructions from the bottom
of rivers, docks, etc., so as to deepen them.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dredge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dragge</i>, F.
<i>drag&eacute;e</i>, dredge, also, sugar plum; cf. Prov.
<i>dragea</i>, It. <i>treggea</i>; corrupted fr. LL.
<i>tragemata</i>, pl., sweetmeats, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to gnaw.] <def>A
mixture of oats and barley.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Kersey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dredge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sift or sprinkle
flour, etc., on, as on roasting meat.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dredging box</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Same as 2d
<u>Dredger</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Gun.)</i> <cd>A copper
box with a perforated lid; -- used for sprinkling meal powder over
shell fuses.</cd>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dredg"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who fishes with a dredge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dredging machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dredg"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A
box with holes in its lid; -- used for sprinkling flour, as on meat
or a breadboard; -- called also <i>dredging box</i>, <i>drudger</i>,
and <i>drudging box</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dree</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>dre&oacute;gan</i> to bear, endure, complete.] <def>To endure; to
suffer.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Dree</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be able to do or
endure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dree</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearisome; tedious.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Dreg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from Icel.
<i>dregg</i>; akin to Sw. <i>dr&auml;gg</i>, cf. Icel. &amp; Sw.
<i>draga</i> to draw.  Cf. <u>Draw</u>.] <def>Corrupt or defiling
matter contained in a liquid, or precipitated from it; refuse;
feculence; lees; grounds; sediment; hence, the vilest and most
worthless part of anything; as, the <i>dregs</i> of
society.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We, the <i>dregs</i> and rubbish of
mankind.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Used formerly (rarely) in the singular, as by Spenser and
Shakespeare, but now chiefly in the plural.</p>

<p><hw>Dreg"gi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fullness of
dregs or lees; foulness; feculence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dreg"gish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foul with lees;
feculent.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dreg"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing dregs
or lees; muddy; foul; feculent.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drein</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drain.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drein"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos>, <hw>Dreint</hw>
(&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Drench</u> to drown.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dreis"se*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named after
<i>Dreyssen</i>, a Belgian physician.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of bivalve shells of which one species (<i>D. polymorpha</i>)
is often so abundant as to be very troublesome in the fresh waters of
Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drench</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drenched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drenching</u>.] [AS. <i>drencan</i> to give to drink, to drench,
the causal of <i>drincan</i> to drink; akin to D. <i>drenken</i>, Sw.
<i>dr&auml;nka</i>, G. <i>tr&auml;nken</i>. See <u>Drink</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to drink; especially, to dose by
force; to put a potion down the throat of, as of a horse; hence. to
purge violently by physic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As "to fell," is "to make to fall," and "to lay," to
make to lie." so "to <i>drench</i>," is "to make to
drink."</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To steep in moisture; to wet thoroughly;
to soak; to saturate with water or other liquid; to
immerse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now dam the ditches and the floods restrain;<BR>
Their moisture has already <i>drenched</i> the plain.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drench</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>drenc</i>. See
<u>Drench</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A drink; a draught;
specifically, a potion of medicine poured or forced down the throat;
also, a potion that causes purging.</def> "A <i>drench</i> of wine."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Give my roan horse a <i>drench</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drench</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>dreng</i> warrior,
soldier, akin to Icel. <i>drengr</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A
military vassal mentioned in Domesday Book.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drench"e</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
drown.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the sea he <i>drenched</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drench"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, west or steeps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who administers a drench.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dren"gage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>The tenure by which a drench held land.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drent</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> [See <u>Dreinte</u>.]
<def>Drenched; drowned.</def> [Obs.] "Condemned to be <i>drent</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dres"den ware`</hw> (?). <def>A superior kind of decorated
porcelain made near Dresden in Saxony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dress</hw> (dr&ebreve;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dressed</u> (dr&ebreve;st) or
<u>Drest</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dressing</u>.]
[OF. <i>drecier</i> to make straight, raise, set up, prepare,
arrange, F. <i>dresser</i>, (assumed) LL. <i>directiare</i>, fr. L.
<i>dirigere</i>, <i>directum</i>, to direct; <i>dis-</i> +
<i>regere</i> to rule. See <u>Right</u>, and cf. <u>Address</u>,
<u>Adroit</u>, <u>Direct</u>, <u>Dirge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To direct; to put right or straight; to regulate; to
order.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At all times thou shalt bless God and pray Him to
<i>dress</i> thy ways.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Dress</i> is used reflexively in Old English, in sense
of "to direct one's step; to address one's self."</p>

<p><blockquote>To Grisild again will I me <i>dresse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To arrange in exact
continuity of line, as soldiers; commonly to adjust to a straight
line and at proper distance; to align; as, to <i>dress</i> the
ranks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To treat methodically with
remedies, bandages, or curative appliances, as a sore, an ulcer, a
wound, or a wounded or diseased part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To adjust; to put in good order; to
arrange; specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> To prepare for use; to fit
for any use; to render suitable for an intended purpose; to get
ready; as, to <i>dress</i> a slain animal; to <i>dress</i> meat; to
<i>dress</i> leather or cloth; to <i>dress</i> or trim a lamp; to
<i>dress</i> a garden; to <i>dress</i> a horse, by currying and
rubbing; to <i>dress</i> grain, by cleansing it; in mining and
metallurgy, to <i>dress</i> ores, by sorting and separating
them.</def></p>

<p><! p. 454 !></p>

<p><blockquote>And the Lord God took the man, and put him into the
garden of Eden to <i>dress</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii.
15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When he <i>dresseth</i> the lamps he shall burn
incense.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxx. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Three hundred horses . . . smoothly
<i>dressed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dressing</i> their hair with the white sea
flower.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>If he felt obliged to expostulate, he might have
<i>dressed</i> his censures in a kinder form.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To cut to proper dimensions, or give
proper shape to, as to a tool by hammering; also, to smooth or
finish.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To put in proper condition by appareling,
as the body; to put clothes upon; to apparel; to invest with garments
or rich decorations; to clothe; to deck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dressed</i> myself in such humility.</blockquote>
<i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Prove that ever I<i>dress</i> myself handsome till thy
return.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To break and train for use, as a horse or
other animal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To dress up</b></col> or <col><b>out</b></col>, <cd>to
dress elaborately, artificially, or pompously.</cd> "You see very
often a king of England or France <i>dressed up</i> like a Julius
C&aelig;sar." <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To dress a ship</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to ornament her by hoisting the national colors
at the peak and mastheads, and setting the jack forward; when dressed
<i>full</i>, the signal flags and pennants are added.</cd> <i>Ham.
Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To attire; apparel; clothe; accouter; array; robe;
rig; trim; deck; adorn; embellish.</p>

<p><hw>Dress</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To arrange one's self in due position in a line of
soldiers; -- the word of command to form alignment in ranks; as,
Right, <i>dress</i>!</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clothe or apparel one's self; to put on
one's garments; to pay particular regard to dress; as, to
<i>dress</i> quickly.</def> "To <i>dress</i> for a ball."
<i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To flaunt, to <i>dress</i>, to dance, to
thrum.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>To dress to the right</b></col>, <col><b>To dress to the
left</b></col>, <col><b>To dress on the center</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to form alignment with reference to the soldier on
the extreme right, or in the center, of the rank, who serves as a
guide.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dress</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is used as the covering or ornament of the body; clothes;
garments; habit; apparel.</def> "In your soldier's <i>dress</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lady's gown; as, silk or a velvet
<i>dress</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Attention to apparel, or skill in
adjusting it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of pleasure, <i>dress</i>, and
gallantry.</blockquote> <i> Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Milling)</i> <def>The system of furrows on
the face of a millstone.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dress circle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Circle</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Dress parade</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a parade in full
uniform for review.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dress" coat`</hw> (?). <def>A coat with skirts behind only, as
distinct from the frock coat, of which the skirts surround the body.
It is worn on occasions of ceremony. The dress coat of officers of
the United States army is a full-skirted frock coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dress"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who dresses; one who put in order or makes ready for use;
one who on clothes or ornaments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A kind of pick for shaping
large coal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An assistant in a hospital, whose office
it is to dress wounds, sores, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [F. <i>dressoir</i>. See <u>Dress</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A table or bench on
which meat and other things are dressed, or prepared for use.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A cupboard or set of shelves to receive
dishes and cooking utensils.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pewter plates on the <i>dresser</i><BR>
Caught and reflected the flame, as shields of armies the
sunshine.</blockquote> <i> Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dress" goods"</hw> (?). <def>A term applied to fabrics for the
gowns of women and girls; -- most commonly to fabrics of mixed
materials, but also applicable to silks, printed linens, and
calicoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dress"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being dressy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dress"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Dress; raiment; especially, ornamental habiliment or
attire.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An application (a remedy,
bandage, etc.) to a sore or wound.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Manure or compost over land. When it
remains on the surface, it is called a <i>top-dressing</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
preparation to fit food for use; a condiment; as, a <i>dressing</i>
for salad.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The stuffing of fowls,
pigs, etc.; forcemeat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Gum, starch, and the like, used in
stiffening or finishing silk, linen, and other fabrics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An ornamental finish, as a molding around
doors, windows, or on a ceiling, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Castigation; scolding; -- often with
<i>down</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Dressing case</b></col>, <cd>a case of toilet
utensils.</cd> -- <col><b>Dressing forceps</b></col>, <cd>a variety
of forceps, shaped like a pair of scissors, used in dressing
wounds.</cd> -- <col><b>Dressing gown</b></col>, <cd>a light gown,
such as is used by a person while dressing; a study gown.</cd> --
<col><b>Dressing room</b></col>, <cd>an apartment appropriated for
making one's toilet.</cd> -- <col><b>Dressing table</b></col>, <cd>a
table at which a person may dress, and on which articles for the
toilet stand.</cd> -- <col><b>Top-dressing</b></col>, <cd>manure or
compost spread over land and not worked into the soil.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dress"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maker of
gowns, or similar garments; a mantuamaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dress"mak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art,
process, or occupation, of making dresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dress"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showy in dress;
attentive to dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>dressy</i> flaunting maidservant.</blockquote>
<i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A neat, <i>dressy</i> gentleman in black.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drest</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Dress</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dretch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Drecche</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dreul</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drool.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Drev"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fool; a drudge.
See <u>Drivel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drew</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Draw</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A squirrel's nest.
See <u>Dray</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dreye</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dry.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dreyn"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos>, <hw>Dreynt</hw>
(&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>, of <u>Drench</u> to drown.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drib</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dribbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dribbing</u>.] [Cf. <u>Drip</u>.] <def>To do by little and
little</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To cut off by a little at
a time; to crop.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To appropriate
unlawfully; to filch; to defalcate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He who drives their bargain <i>dribs</i> a
part.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To lead along step by step; to
entice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With daily lies she <i>dribs</i> thee into
cost.</blockquote> <i> Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drib</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <i>(Archery)</i>
<def>To shoot (a shaft) so as to pierce on the descent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drib</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drop.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drib"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who dribs;
one who shoots weakly or badly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drib"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dribbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dribbing</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>drib</i>, which is a variant of
<i>drip</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fall in drops or small
drops, or in a quick succession of drops; as, water <i>dribbles</i>
from the eaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To slaver, as a child or an idiot; to
drivel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fall weakly and slowly.</def> [Obs.]
"The <i>dribbling</i> dart of love." <i>Shak. (Meas. for Meas. , i.
3, 2).</i> [Perhaps an error for <i>dribbing</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Drib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To let fall in
drops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the cook . . . <i>dribble</i> it all the way
upstairs.</blockquote> <i> Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drizzling shower; a
falling or leaking in drops.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Drib"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dribbles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Drib"blet</hw> (?), <hw>Drib"let</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Dribble</u>.] <def>A small piece or
part; a small sum; a small quantity of money in making up a sum; as,
the money was paid in <i>dribblets</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When made up in <i>dribblets</i>, as they could, their
best securities were at an interest of twelve per cent.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drie</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Dree</u>.]
<def>To endure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So causeless such drede for to
<i>drie</i>.</blockquote> <i> Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dried</hw> (dr&imacr;d), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Dry</u>. Also <pos><i>adj.</i></pos>; as, <i>dried</i>
apples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dri"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, dries; that which may expel or absorb
moisture; a desiccative; as, the sun and a northwesterly wind are
great <i>driers</i> of the earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Drying oil; a substance
mingled with the oil used in oil painting to make it dry
quickly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dri"er</hw>, <pos><i>compar.</i></pos>, <hw>Dri"est</hw>,
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos>, <def>of <u>Dry</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Drift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>drive</u>; akin
to LG. &amp; D. <i>drift</i> a driving, Icel. <i>drift</i> snowdrift,
Dan. <i>drift</i>, impulse, drove, herd, pasture, common, G.
<i>trift</i> pasturage, drove. See <u>Drive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A driving; a violent movement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dragon drew him [self] away with <i>drift</i> of
his wings.</blockquote> <i>King Alisaunder (1332).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or motion of drifting; the force
which impels or drives; an overpowering influence or
impulse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bad man, being under the <i>drift</i> of any
passion, will follow the impulse of it till something
interpose.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Course or direction along which anything
is driven; setting.</def> "Our <i>drift</i> was south."
<i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The tendency of an act, argument, course
of conduct, or the like; object aimed at or intended; intention;
hence, also, import or meaning of a sentence or discourse;
aim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has made the <i>drift</i> of the whole poem a
compliment on his country in general.</blockquote> <i>
Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now thou knowest my <i>drift</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is driven, forced, or urged
along</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Anything driven at
random.</def>  "Some log . . . a useless <i>drift</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A mass of matter which has
been driven or forced onward together in a body, or thrown together
in a heap, etc., esp. by wind or water; as, a <i>drift</i> of snow,
of ice, of sand, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Drifts</i> of rising dust involve the
sky.</blockquote> <i> Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We got the brig a good bed in the rushing <i>drift</i>
[of ice].</blockquote> <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A drove or flock, as of cattle, sheep,
birds.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cattle coming over the bridge (with their great
<i>drift</i> doing much damage to the high ways).</blockquote> <i>
Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The horizontal thrust or
pressure of an arch or vault upon the abutments.</def> [R.]
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A collection of loose earth
and rocks, or boulders, which have been distributed over large
portions of the earth's surface, especially in latitudes north of
forty degrees, by the agency of ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>In South Africa, a ford in a
river.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A slightly tapered tool of
steel for enlarging or shaping a hole in metal, by being forced or
driven into or through it; a broach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tool
used in driving down compactly the composition contained in a rocket,
or like firework.</def>   <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A deviation from
the line of fire, peculiar to oblong projectiles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A passage driven or cut
between shaft and shaft; a driftway; a small subterranean gallery; an
adit or tunnel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
distance through which a current flows in a given time.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The angle which the line of a ship's motion
makes with the meridian, in drifting.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The distance to which a vessel is carried off from her desired
course by the wind, currents, or other causes.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The place in a deep-waisted vessel where the
sheer is raised and the rail is cut off, and usually terminated with
a scroll, or driftpiece.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The distance
between the two blocks of a tackle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>The difference between the size of a bolt
and the hole into which it is driven, or between the circumference of
a hoop and that of the mast on which it is to be driven.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Drift</i> is used also either adjectively or as the
first part of a compound. See <u>Drift</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Drift of the forest</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>an
examination or view of the cattle in a forest, in order to see whose
they are, whether they are commonable, and to determine whether or
not the forest is surcharged.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drift</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drifted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drifting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To float or be driven along
by, or as by, a current of water or air; as, the ship <i>drifted</i>
astern; a raft <i>drifted</i> ashore; the balloon <i>drifts</i>
slowly east.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>drifted</i> o'er the harbor bar.</blockquote>
<i> Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To accumulate in heaps by the force of
wind; to be driven into heaps; as, snow or sand
<i>drifts</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(mining)</i> <def>to make a drift; to
examine a vein or ledge for the purpose of ascertaining the presence
of metals or ores; to follow a vein; to prospect.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Drift</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To drive or carry, as currents do a floating body.</def>  <i>J.
H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive into heaps; as, a current of wind
<i>drifts</i> snow or sand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To enlarge or shape, as a
hole, with a drift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drift</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That causes drifting or
that is drifted; movable by wind or currents; as, <i>drift</i>
currents; <i>drift</i> ice; <i>drift</i> mud.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Drift anchor</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Sea anchor</u>, and
also <i>Drag sail</i>, under <u>Drag</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -
- <col><b>Drift epoch</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the glacial
epoch.</cd> -- <col><b>Drift net</b></col>, <cd>a kind of fishing
net.</cd> -- <col><b>Drift sail</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Drag
sail</i>. See under <u>Drag</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Drift"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Deviation from a ship's course due to leeway.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that drifts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drift"bolt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bolt for
driving out other bolts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drift"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no drift or
direction; without aim; purposeless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drift"piece"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>An upright or curved piece of timber
connecting the plank sheer with the gunwale; also, a scroll
terminating a rail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drift"pin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i>
<def>A smooth drift. See <u>Drift</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
9.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drift"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A common way, road, or path, for driving cattle.</def>
<i>Cowell. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Same as <u>Drift</u>,
<u>11</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drift"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Seaweed
drifted to the shore by the wind.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drift"wind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A driving
wind; a wind that drives snow, sand, etc., into heaps.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drift"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wood drifted or floated by water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Whatever is drifting or floating as
on water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The current of humanity, with its heavy proportion of
very useless <i>driftwood</i>.</blockquote> <i> New Your
Times.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drift"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of drifts;
tending to form drifts, as snow, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drilling</u>.] [D. <i>drillen</i> to bore, drill (soldiers);
probably akin to AS. <i>pyrlian</i>, <i>pyrelian</i>, to pierce. See
<u>Thrill</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pierce or bore with a
drill, or a with a drill; to perforate; as, to <i>drill</i> a hole
into a rock; to <i>drill</i> a piece of metal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To train in the military art; to exercise
diligently, as soldiers, in military evolutions and exercises; hence,
to instruct thoroughly in the rudiments of any art or branch of
knowledge; to discipline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Frederic the Great] <i>drilled</i> his people, as
he <i>drilled</i> his grenadiers.</blockquote> <i> Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice an
exercise or exercises; to train one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
instrument with an edged or pointed end used for making holes in hard
substances; strictly, a tool that cuts with its end, by revolving, as
in drilling metals, or by a succession of blows, as in drilling
stone; also, a drill press.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The act or exercise of
training soldiers in the military art, as in the manual of arms, in
the execution of evolutions, and the like; hence, diligent and strict
instruction and exercise in the rudiments and methods of any
business; a kind or method of military exercises; as, infantry
<i>drill</i>; battalion <i>drill</i>; artillery
<i>drill</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any exercise, physical or mental, enforced
with regularity and by constant repetition; as, a severe <i>drill</i>
in Latin grammar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine gastropod, of
several species, which kills oysters and other bivalves by drilling
holes through the shell. The most destructive kind is <i>Urosalpinx
cinerea</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bow drill</b></col>, <col><b>Breast drill</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Bow</u>, <u>Breast</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cotter
drill</b></col>, or <col><b>Traverse drill</b></col>, <cd>a machine
tool for drilling slots.</cd> -- <col><b>Diamond drill</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Diamond</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Drill jig</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Jig</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Drill pin</b></col>,
<cd>the pin in a lock which enters the hollow stem of the key.</cd> -
- <col><b>Drill sergeant</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a
noncommissioned officer whose office it is to instruct soldiers as to
their duties, and to train them to military exercises and
evolutions.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical drill</b></col>, <cd>a drill
press.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Trill</u> to
trickle, <u>Trickle</u>, <u>Dribble</u>, and W. <i>rhillio</i> to put
in a row, drill.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to flow in drills
or rills or by trickling; to drain by trickling; as, waters
<i>drilled</i> through a sandy stratum.</def> [R.]
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sow, as seeds, by dribbling them along
a furrow or in a row, like a trickling rill of water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To entice; to allure from step; to decoy;
-- with <i>on</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>See <i>drilled</i> him on to five-fifty.</blockquote>
<i> Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to slip or waste away by
degrees.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote> This accident hath <i>drilled</i> away the whole
summer.</blockquote> <i> Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
trickle.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sow in drills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
small trickling stream; a rill.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Springs through the pleasant meadows pour their
<i>drills</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Agr.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
implement for making holes for sowing seed, and sometimes so formed
as to contain seeds and drop them into the hole made.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A light furrow or channel made to put seed
into sowing.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A row of seed sown in a
furrow.</def></p>

<p><! p. 455 !></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Drill</i> is used adjectively, or as the first part of a
compound; as, <i>drill</i> barrow or <i>drill</i>-barrow;
<i>drill</i> husbandry; <i>drill</i> plow or <i>drill</i>-plow.</p>

<p><col><b>Drill barrow</b></col>, <cd>a wheeled implement for
planting seed in drills.</cd> -- <col><b>Drill bow</b></col>, <cd>a
small bow used for the purpose of rapidly turning a drill around
which the bowstring takes a turn.</cd> -- <col><b>Drill
harrow</b></col>, <cd>a harrow used for stirring the ground between
rows, or drills.</cd> -- <col><b>Drill plow</b></col>, or
<col><b>Drill plough</b></col>, <cd>a sort plow for sowing grain in
drills.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Mandrill</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large African baboon (<i>Cynocephalus
leucoph&aelig;us</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Drill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Usually in <i>pl</i>.]
<i>(Manuf.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Drilling</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Imperial drill</b></col>, <cd>a linen fabric having two
threads in the warp and three in the filling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drill"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, drills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drill"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of piercing with a drill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A training by repeated
exercises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drill"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of using a
drill in sowing seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drill"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>drillich</i>, fr.
L. <i>trilix</i> having three threads, fr. the of <i>tres</i> three +
<i>licium</i> a thread of the warm. See <u>Three</u>, and cf.
<u>Twill</u>.] <i>(Manuf.)</i> <def>A heavy, twilled fabric of linen
or cotton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drill"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
teaches drill, especially in the way of gymnastics.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drill" press`</hw> . <def>A machine for drilling holes in
metal, the drill being pressed to the metal by the action of a
screw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drill"stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i>
<def>A contrivance for holding and turning a drill.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dri"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dryly</u>.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dri"mys</hw> (dr&imacr;"m&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>drimy`s</grk> sharp, acrid.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of magnoliaceous trees. <i>Drimys aromatica</i> furnishes
Winter's bark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drink</hw> (dr&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Drank</u> (dr&abreve;&nsm;k), formerly
<u>Drunk</u> (dr&ubreve;&nsm;k); &amp; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Drunk</u>, <u>Drunken</u> (-'n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drinking</u>. <i>Drunken</i> is now rarely used, except as a
verbal adj. in sense of <i>habitually intoxicated</i>; the form
<i>drank</i>, not infrequently used as a p. p., is not so
analogical.] [AS. <i>drincan</i>; akin to OS. <i>drinkan</i>, D.
<i>drinken</i>, G. <i>trinken</i>, Icel. <i>drekka</i>, Sw.
<i>dricka</i>, Dan. <i>drikke</i>, Goth. <i>drigkan</i>.  Cf.
<u>Drench</u>, <u>Drunken</u>, <u>Drown</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To swallow anything liquid, for quenching thirst or other
purpose; to imbibe; to receive or partake of, as if in satisfaction
of thirst; as, to <i>drink</i> from a spring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gird thyself, and serve me, till have eaten and
<i>drunken</i>; and afterward thou shalt eat and
<i>drink</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke xvii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall <i>drink</i> of the wrath the
Almighty.</blockquote> <i>Job xxi. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Drink</i> of the cup that can not
cloy.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To quaff exhilarating or intoxicating
liquors, in merriment or feasting; to carouse; to revel; hence, to
lake alcoholic liquors to excess; to be intemperate in the &?;se of
intoxicating or spirituous liquors; to tipple.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And they <i>drank</i>, and were merry with
him.</blockquote> <i>Gem. xliii. 34.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bolingbroke always spoke freely when he had
<i>drunk</i> freely.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To drink to</b></col>, <cd>to salute in drinking; to wish
well to, in the act of taking the cup; to pledge in
drinking.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>drink to</i> the general joy of the whole
table,<BR>
And to our dear friend Banquo.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
swallow (a liquid); to receive, as a fluid, into the stomach; to
imbibe; as, to <i>drink</i> milk or water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There lies she with the blessed gods in bliss,<BR>
There <i>drinks</i> the nectar with ambrosia mixed.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bowl of punch which was brewed and <i>drunk</i> in
Mrs. Betty's room.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take in (a liquid), in any manner; to
suck up; to absorb; to imbibe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And let the purple violets <i>drink</i> the
stream.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take in; to receive within one, through
the senses; to inhale; to hear; to see.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>drink</i> the cooler air,</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My ears have not yet <i>drunk</i> a hundred words<BR>
Of that tongue's utterance.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me . . . <i>drink</i> delicious poison from thy
eye.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To smoke, as tobacco.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And some men now live ninety years and past,<BR>
Who never <i>drank</i> to tobacco first nor last.</blockquote>
<i>Taylor (1630.)</i></p>

<p><col><b>To drink down</b></col>, <cd>to act on by drinking; to
reduce or subdue; as, to <i>drink down</i> unkindness.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To drink in</b></col>, <cd>to take into one's
self by drinking, or as by drinking; to receive and appropriate as in
satisfaction of thirst.</cd> "Song was the form of literature which
he [Burns] had <i>drunk in</i> from his cradle." <i>J. C. Shairp.</i>
-- <col><b>To drink off</b></col> or <col><b>up</b></col>, <cd>to
drink the whole at a draught; as, to <i>drink off</i> a cup of
cordial.</cd> -- <col><b>To drink the health of</b></col>, or
<col><b>To drink to the health of</b></col>, <cd>to drink while
expressing good wishes for the health or welfare of.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Liquid to be swallowed; any fluid to be taken into the stomach
for quenching thirst or for other purposes, as water, coffee, or
decoctions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me some <i>drink</i>, Titinius.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, intoxicating liquor; as,
when <i>drink</i> is on, wit is out.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Drink money</b></col>, or <col><b>Drink penny</b></col>,
<cd>an allowance, or perquisite, given to buy drink; a gratuity.</cd>
-- <col><b>Drink offering</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>an offering
of wine, etc., in the Jewish religious service.</cd> -- <col><b>In
drink</b></col>, <cd>drunk.</cd> "The poor monster's <i>in
drink</i>." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Strong drink</b></col>,
<cd>intoxicating liquor; esp., liquor containing a large proportion
of alcohol.</cd> " Wine is a mocker, <i>strong drink</i> is raging."
<i>Prov. xx. 1.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drink"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being drunk; suitable for drink; potable. <i>Macaulay.</i> Also used
substantively, esp. in the plural.</def>  <i>Steele.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drink"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being drinkable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who drinks;
as, the effects of tea on the <i>drinker</i>; also, one who drinks
spirituous liquors to excess; a drunkard.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Drinker moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
British moth (<i>Odonestis potatoria</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drink"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who drinks; the act of imbibing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The practice of partaking to excess of
intoxicating liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An entertainment with liquors; a
carousal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Drinking</i> is used adjectively, or as the first part
of a compound; as, a <i>drinking</i> song, <i>drinking</i> cup,
<i>drinking</i> glass, <i>drinking</i> house, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Drinking horn</b></col>, <cd>a drinking vessel made of a
horn.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drink"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
drink.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dripped</u> (?) or <u>Dript</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dripping</u>.] [Akin to LG. <i>drippen</i>, Dan.
<i>dryppe</i>, from a noun. See <u>Drop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To fall in drops; as, water <i>drips</i> from the
eaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To let fall drops of moisture or liquid;
as, a wet garment <i>drips</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dark round of the <i>dripping</i>
wheel.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To let fall in
drops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which from the thatch <i>drips</i> fast a shower of
rain.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
falling or letting fall in drops; a dripping; that which drips, or
falls in drops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The light <i>drip</i> of the suspended
oar.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>That part of a cornice,
sill course, or other horizontal member, which projects beyond the
rest, and is of such section as to throw off the rain
water.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Right of drip</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an easement or
servitude by which a man has the right to have the water flowing from
his house fall on the land of his neighbor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drip"ping</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
falling in drops, or the sound so made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which falls in drops, as fat from
meat in roasting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dripping pan</b></col>, <cd>a pan for receiving the fat
which drips from meat in roasting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drip"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Drip</u>, cf.
<u>Dribble</u>.] <def>Weak or rare.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Drip"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A drip, when made of stone. See <u>Drip</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drive</hw> (dr&imacr;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Drove</u> (dr&omacr;v), formerly
<u>Drave</u> (dr&amacr;v); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Driven</u>
(dr&ibreve;v'n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Driving</u>.]
[AS. <i>dr&imacr;fan</i>; akin to OS. <i>dr&imacr;ban</i>, D.
<i>drijven</i>, OHG. <i>tr&imacr;ban</i>, G. <i>treiben</i>, Icel.
<i>dr&imacr;fa</i>, Goth. <i>dreiban</i>.  Cf. <u>Drift</u>,
<u>Drove</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To impel or urge onward by
force in a direction away from one, or along before one; to push
forward; to compel to move on; to communicate motion to; as, to
<i>drive</i> cattle; to <i>drive</i> a nail; smoke <i>drives</i>
persons from a room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A storm came on and <i>drove</i> them into
Pylos.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shield pressed on shield, and man <i>drove</i> man
along.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go <i>drive</i> the deer and drag the finny
prey.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To urge on and direct the motions of, as
the beasts which draw a vehicle, or the vehicle borne by them; hence,
also, to take in a carriage; to convey in a vehicle drawn by beasts;
as, to <i>drive</i> a pair of horses or a stage; to <i>drive</i> a
person to his own door.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How . . . proud he was to <i>drive</i> such a
brother!</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To urge, impel, or hurry forward; to
force; to constrain; to urge, press, or bring to a point or state;
as, to <i>drive</i> a person by necessity, by persuasion, by force of
circumstances, by argument, and the like.</def> " Enough to
<i>drive</i> one mad."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He, <i>driven</i> to dismount, threatened, if I did
not do the like, to do as much for my horse as fortune had done for
his.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To carry or; to keep in motion; to
conduct; to prosecute.</def> [Now used only colloquially.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The trade of life can not be <i>driven</i> without
partners.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To clear, by forcing away what is
contained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>drive</i> the country, force the swains
away.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To dig Horizontally; to
cut a horizontal gallery or tunnel.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To pass away; -- said of time.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Drive</i>, in all its senses, implies forcible or
violent action. It is the reverse of to <i>lead</i>. To <i>drive</i>
a body is to move it by applying a force behind; to <i>lead</i> is to
cause to move by applying the force before, or in front. It takes a
variety of meanings, according to the objects by which it is
followed; as, <i>to drive an engine</i>, to direct and regulate its
motions; <i>to drive logs</i>, to keep them in the current of a river
and direct them in their course; <i>to drive feathers</i> or
<i>down</i>, to place them in a machine, which, by a current of air,
<i>drives</i> off the lightest to one end, and collects them by
themselves. "My thrice-<i>driven</i> bed of down."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drive</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
rush and press with violence; to move furiously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fierce Boreas <i>drove</i> against his flying
sails.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Under cover of the night and a <i>driving</i>
tempest.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Time <i>driveth</i> onward fast,<BR>
And in a little while our lips are dumb.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be forced along; to be impelled; to be
moved by any physical force or agent; to be driven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hull <i>drives</i> on, though mast and sail be
torn.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The chaise <i>drives</i> to Mr. Draper's
chambers.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go by carriage; to pass in a carriage;
to proceed by directing or urging on a vehicle or the animals that
draw it; as, the coachman <i>drove</i> to my door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To press forward; to aim, or tend, to a
point; to make an effort; to strive; -- usually with
<i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let them therefore declare what carnal or secular
interest he <i>drove</i> at.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To distrain for rent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>To let drive</b></col>, <cd>to aim a blow; to strike with
force; to attack.</cd> "Four rogues in buckram <i>let drive</i> at
me."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drive</hw> (dr&imacr;v), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<def>Driven.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drive</hw> (dr&imacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of driving; a trip or an excursion in
a carriage, as for exercise or pleasure; -- distinguished from a ride
taken on horseback.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place suitable or agreeable for driving;
a road prepared for driving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Violent or rapid motion; a rushing onward
or away; esp., a forced or hurried dispatch of business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Murdstonian <i>drive</i> in business.</blockquote>
<i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In type founding and forging, an
impression or matrix, formed by a punch drift.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A collection of objects that are driven; a
mass of logs to be floated down a river.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Ride</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Drive"bolt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drift; a
tool for setting bolts home.</def></p>

<p><hw>Driv"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Driveled</u> (?) or <u>Drivelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Driveling</u> or <u>Drivelling</u>.] [Cf. OE.
<i>dravelen</i>, <i>drabelen</i>, <i>drevelen</i>, <i>drivelen</i>,
to slaver, and E. <i>drabble</i>.  Cf. <u>Drool</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To slaver; to let spittle drop or flow from
the mouth, like a child, idiot, or dotard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perh. a different word: cf. Icel. <i>drafa</i>
to talk thick.] <def>To be weak or foolish; to dote; as, a
<i>driveling</i> hero; <i>driveling</i> love.</def>  <i>Shak.
Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Driv"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Slaver; saliva flowing from the mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inarticulate or unmeaning utterance;
foolish talk; babble.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A driveler; a fool; an idiot.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A servant; a drudge.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Driv"el*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slaverer; a
slabberer; an idiot; a fool.</def> [Written also
<i>driveller</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Driv"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Drive</u>. Also <i>adj</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Driven well</b></col>, <cd>a well made by driving a tube
into the earth to an aqueous stratum; -- called also <i>drive
well</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drive"pipe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pipe for
forcing into the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Driv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Drive</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, drives; the person or
thing that urges or compels anything else to move onward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The person who drives beasts or a
carriage; a coachman; a charioteer, etc.; hence, also, one who
controls the movements of a locomotive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An overseer of a gang of slaves or gang of
convicts at their work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A part that transmits
motion to another part by contact with it, or through an intermediate
relatively movable part, as a gear which drives another, or a lever
which moves another through a link, etc. Specifically:</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The driving wheel of a locomotive.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An attachment to a lathe, spindle, or face
plate to turn a carrier.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A crossbar on
a grinding mill spindle to drive the upper stone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The after sail in a ship or
bark, being a fore-and-aft sail attached to a gaff; a spanker.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Driver ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species of
African stinging ant; one of the visiting ants (<i>Anomma
arcens</i>); -- so called because they move about in vast armies, and
drive away or devour all insects and other small animals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drive"way`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A passage or
way along or through which a carriage may be driven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Driv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having great force of impulse; as, a <i>driving</i> wind or
storm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Communicating force; impelling; as, a
<i>driving</i> shaft.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Driving axle</b></col>, <cd>the axle of a driving wheel,
as in a locomotive.</cd> -- <col><b>Driving box</b></col>
<i>(Locomotive)</i>, <cd>the journal box of a driving axle. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Locomotive</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Driving
note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a syncopated note; a tone begun on
a weak part of a measure and held through the next accented part,
thus anticipating the accent and <i>driving</i> it through.</cd> --
<col><b>Driving spring</b></col>, <cd>a spring fixed upon the box of
the driving axle of a locomotive engine to support the weight and
deaden shocks.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Weale.</i> -- <col><b>Driving
wheel</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a wheel that communicates motion;
one of the large wheels of a locomotive to which the connecting rods
of the engine are attached; -- called also, simply, <i>driver</i>.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Locomotive</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Driv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of forcing or urging something along; the act of
pressing or moving on furiously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tendency; drift.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Driz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drizzled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drizzling</u> (?).] [Prop. freq. of AS. <i>dre&oacute;san</i> to
fall. See <u>Dreary</u>.] <def>To rain slightly in very small drops;
to fall, as water from the clouds, slowly and in fine particles; as,
it <i>drizzles</i>; <i>drizzling</i> drops or rain.</def>
"<i>Drizzling</i> tears."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Driz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shed slowly in
minute drops or particles.</def> "The air doth <i>drizzle</i> dew."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Driz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fine rain or
mist.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Driz"zly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
small rain, or snow; moist and disagreeable.</def> "Winter's
<i>drizzly</i> reign."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A water
course.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Drof"land</hw> (?), <hw>Dryf"land</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Drove</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>An ancient
yearly payment made by some tenants to the king, or to their
landlords, for the privilege of driving their cattle through a manor
to fairs or markets.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dro"gher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Drag</u>.]
<def>A small craft used in the West India Islands to take off sugars,
rum, etc., to the merchantmen; also, a vessel for transporting
lumber, cotton, etc., coastwise; as, a lumber <i>drogher</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>droger</i>.]  <i>Ham. Nar. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><! p. 456 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Drog"man</hw> (?), <hw>Drog"o*man</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Dragoman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Drag</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6, and <i>Drag sail</i>, under
<u>Drag</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Droh</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Draw</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Droil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [D. <i>druilen</i> to
mope.] <def>To work sluggishly or slowly; to plod.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Droil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>druil</i> sluggard.
Cf. <u>Droll</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A drudge.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mean labor; toil.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Droit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Direct</u>.]
<def>A right; law in its aspect of the foundation of rights; also, in
old law, the writ of right.</def>  <i> Abbott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>||Droit d'aubaine</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Aubaine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Droits of the Admiralty</b></col>
<i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>rights or perquisites of the Admiralty,
arising from seizure of an enemy's ships in port on the breaking out
of war, or those coming into port in ignorance of hostilities
existing, or from such ships as are taken by noncommissioned captors;
also, the proceeds of wrecks, and derelict property at sea. The
<i>droits of admiralty</i> are now paid into the Exchequer for the
public benefit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Droi"tu*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>relating to the mere right of property, as
distinguished from the right of possession; as, <i>droitural</i>
actions.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Droitzsch"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Drosky</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Droll</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Droller</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Drollest</u> (?).] [F.
<i>dr&ocirc;le</i>; cf. G. &amp; D. <i>drollig</i>, LG. <i>drullig</i>,
D. <i>drol</i> a thick and short person, a droll, Sw. <i>troll</i> a
magical appearance, demon, <i>trolla</i> to use magic arts, enchant,
Dan. <i>trold</i> elf, imp, Icel. <i>tr&ouml;ll</i> giant, magician,
evil spirit, monster. If this is the origin, cf. <u>Trull</u>.]
<def>Queer, and fitted to provoke laughter; ludicrous from oddity;
amusing and strange.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Comic; comical; farcical; diverting; humorous;
ridiculous; queer; odd; waggish; facetious; merry; laughable;
ludicrous. -- <u>Droll</u>, <u>Laughable</u>, <u>Comical</u>.
<i>Laughable</i> is the generic term, denoting anything exciting
laughter or worthy of laughter; <i>comical</i> denotes something of
the kind exhibited in <i>comedies</i>, something humorous of the kind
exhibited in <i>comedies</i>, something, as it were, dramatically
<i>humorous</i>; <i>droll</i> stands lower on the scale, having
reference to persons or things which excite laughter by their
buffoonery or oddity. A <i>laughable</i> incident; a <i>comical</i>
adventure; a <i>droll</i> story.</p>

<p><hw>Droll</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
whose practice it is to raise mirth by odd tricks; a jester; a
buffoon; a merry-andrew.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something exhibited to raise mirth or
sport, as a puppet, a farce, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Droll</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drolled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drolling</u>.] <def>To jest; to play the buffoon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Droll</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
lead or influence by jest or trick; to banter or jest; to
cajole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men that will not be reasoned into their senses, may
yet be laughed or <i>drolled</i> into them.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a jest of; to set in a comical
light.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>drolling</i> everything is rather
fatiguing.</blockquote> <i> W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Droll"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A jester; a
droll.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Droll"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Drolleries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>dr&ocirc;lerie</i>. See
<u>Droll</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being droll;
sportive tricks; buffoonery; droll stories; comical gestures or
manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rich <i>drollery</i> of "She Stoops to
Conquer."</blockquote> <i> Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something which serves to raise
mirth</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A puppet show; also, a
puppet.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A lively
or comic picture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I bought an excellent <i>drollery</i>, which I
afterward parted with to my brother George of Wotton.</blockquote>
<i> Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Droll"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a jesting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Droll"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
droll.</def>  <i> Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Droll"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A droll.</def> [R.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dro`m&aelig;*og"na*thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>dromaius</i> emu + Gr. &?; jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having
the structure of the palate like that of the ostrich and
emu.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Drom`a*the"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>droma`s</grk> running + <grk>qhri`on</grk> beast. See
<u>Dromedary</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A small extinct triassic
mammal from North Carolina, the earliest yet found in
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drome</hw> (dr&omacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Gr.
<grk>droma`s</grk> running. See <u>Dromedary</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The crab plover (<i>Dromas ardeola</i>), a
peculiar North African bird, allied to the oyster catcher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drom"e*da*ry</hw> (dr&ubreve;m"&esl;*d&asl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Dromedaries</b></plw> (#).
[F. <i>dromadaire</i>, LL. <i>dromedarius</i>, fr. L. <i>dromas</i>
(sc. <i>camelus</i>), fr. Gr. <grk>droma`s</grk> running, from
<grk>dramei`n</grk>, used as aor. of <grk>tre`chein</grk> to run; cf.
Skr. <i>dram</i> to run.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Arabian camel
(<i>Camelus dromedarius</i>), having one hump or protuberance on the
back, in distinction from the <i>Bactrian camel</i>, which has two
humps.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Arabia and Egypt the name is restricted to the better
breeds of this species of camel. See <u>Deloul</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Drom"ond</hw> (?), or <hw>Drom"on</hw> (?) }. [OF.
<i>dromont</i>, L. <i>dromo</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>dro`mwn</grk> light
vessel, prob. fr. <grk>dramei^n</grk> to run. See <u>Dromedary</u>.]
<def>In the Middle Ages, a large, fast-sailing galley, or cutter; a
large, swift war vessel.</def> [Hist. or Archaic]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>dromond</i> swinging from the
quay.</blockquote> <i> W. Morris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>drane</i> a
dronebee, AS. <i>dr&amacr;n</i>; akin to OS. <i>dr&amacr;n</i>, OHG.
<i>treno</i>, G. <i>drohne</i>, Dan.  <i>drone</i>, cf. Gr. &?; a
kind of wasp, dial. Gr. &?; drone. Prob. named fr. the droning sound.
See <u>Drone</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male of bees, esp. of the honeybee. It
gathers no honey. See <u>Honeybee</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All with united force combine to drive<BR>
The lazy <i>drones</i> from the laborious hive.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who lives on the labors of others; a
lazy, idle fellow; a sluggard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By living as a <i>drone</i>,to be an unprofitable and
unworthy member of so noble and learned a society.</blockquote> <i>
Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which gives out a grave or monotonous
tone or dull sound; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A drum. [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The part of the bagpipe
containing the two lowest tubes, which always sound the key note and
the fifth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A humming or deep murmuring
sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The monotonous <i>drone</i> of the wheel.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A monotonous bass, as in a
pastoral composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drone</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Droned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Droning</u>.] [Cf. (for sense 1) D. <i>dreunen</i>, G.
<i>dr&ouml;hnen</i>, Icel. <i>drynja</i> to roar, <i>drynr</i> a
roaring, Sw. <i>dr&ouml;na</i> to bellow, drone, Dan.
<i>dr&ouml;ne</i>, Goth. <i>drunjus</i> sound, Gr. &?; dirge, &?; to
cry aloud, Skr. <i>dhran</i> to sound.  Cf. <u>Drone</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter or make a low,
dull, monotonous, humming or murmuring sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the beetle wheels his <i>droning</i>
flight.</blockquote> <i>T. Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To love in idleness; to do nothing.</def>
"Race of <i>droning</i> kings."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drone" bee`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male of the
honeybee; a drone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drone" fly`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A dipterous
insect (<i>Eristalis tenax</i>), resembling the drone bee. See
<u>Eristalis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drone"pipe`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the low-
toned tubes of a bagpipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dron"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Drongos</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A passerine
bird of the family <i>Dicrurid&aelig;</i>. They are usually black
with a deeply forked tail. They are natives of Asia, Africa, and
Australia; -- called also <i>drongo shrikes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dron"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a drone;
indolent; slow.</def> <i>Burke.</i> -- <wf>Dron"ish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Dron"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dron"ke*lewe</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Drink</u>.] <def>Given to drink; drunken.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dron"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dodo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dron"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a drone;
sluggish; lazy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drool</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drooled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drooling</u>.] [Contr. fr. <i>drivel</i>.] <def>To drivel, or drop
saliva; as, the child <i>drools</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His mouth <i>drooling</i> with texts.</blockquote> <i>
T. Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Droop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drooped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drooping</u>.] [Icel.  <i>dr&?;pa</i>; akin to E. <i>drop</i>. See
<u>Drop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hang bending downward; to
sink or hang down, as an animal, plant, etc., from physical inability
or exhaustion, want of nourishment, or the like.</def>  "The purple
flowers <i>droop</i>."  "Above her <i>drooped</i> a lamp."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw him ten days before he died, and observed he
began very much to <i>droop</i> and languish.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grow weak or faint with disappointment,
grief, or like causes; to be dispirited or depressed; to languish;
as, her spirits <i>drooped</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll animate the soldier's <i>drooping</i>
courage.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To proceed downward, or toward a close; to
decline.</def> "Then day <i>drooped</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Droop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To let droop or
sink.</def> [R.]  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like to a withered vine<BR>
That <i>droops</i> his sapless branches to the ground.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Droop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drooping; as, a
<i>droop</i> of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Droop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, droops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Droop"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a drooping
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>drope</i>, AS.
<i>dropa</i>; akin to OS. <i>dropo</i>, D. <i>drop</i>, OHG.
<i>tropo</i>, G. <i>tropfen</i>, Icel. <i>dropi</i>, Sw.
<i>droppe</i>; and Fr. AS. <i>dre&oacute;pan</i> to drip, drop; akin
to OS. <i>driopan</i>, D. <i>druipen</i>, OHG. <i>triofan</i>, G.
<i>triefen</i>, Icel. <i>drj&?;pa</i>.  Cf. <u>Drip</u>,
<u>Droop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quantity of fluid which
falls in one small spherical mass; a liquid globule; a minim; hence,
also, the smallest easily measured portion of a fluid; a small
quantity; as, a <i>drop</i> of water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With minute <i>drops</i> from off the
eaves.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As dear to me as are the ruddy <i>drops</i><BR>
That visit my sad heart.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>drop</i> of peace divine.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles, or that which hangs
like, a liquid drop; as a hanging diamond ornament, an earring, a
glass pendant on a chandelier, a sugarplum (sometimes medicated), or
a kind of shot or slug.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as
<u>Gutta</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any small pendent
ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Whatever is arranged to drop, hang, or
fall from an elevated position; also, a contrivance for lowering
something</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A door or platform
opening downward; a trap door; that part of the gallows on which a
culprit stands when he is to be hanged; hence, the gallows
itself.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A machine for lowering heavy
weights, as packages, coal wagons, etc., to a ship's deck.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A contrivance for temporarily lowering a gas
jet.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A curtain which drops or falls in
front of the stage of a theater, etc.</def>  <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<def>A drop press or drop hammer.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The distance of the axis of a shaft below the
base of a hanger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Any medicine the dose of which
is measured by drops; as, lavender <i>drops</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The depth of a square sail;
-- generally applied to the courses only.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Act of dropping; sudden fall or
descent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ague drop</b></col>, <col><b>Black drop</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Ague</u>, <u>Black</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Drop by
drop</b></col>, <cd>in small successive quantities; in repeated
portions.</cd> "Made to taste <i>drop by drop</i> more than the
bitterness of death." <i>Burke.</i> -- <col><b>Drop
curtain</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Drop</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Drop forging</b></col>.
<i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A forging made in dies by a
drop hammer.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The process of making drop
forgings.</cd> -- <col><b>Drop hammer</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a
hammer for forging, striking up metal, etc., the weight being raised
by a strap or similar device, and then released to drop on the metal
resting on an anvil or die.</cd> -- <col><b>Drop kick</b></col>
<i>(Football)</i>, <cd>a kick given to the ball as it rebounds after
having been dropped from the hands.</cd> -- <col><b>Drop
lake</b></col>, <cd>a pigment obtained from Brazil wood.</cd>
<i>Mollett.</i> -- <col><b>Drop letter</b></col>, <cd>a letter to be
delivered from the same office where posted.</cd> -- <col><b>Drop
press</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a drop hammer; sometimes, a dead-
stroke hammer; -- also called <i>drop</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Drop
scene</b></col>, <cd>a drop curtain on which a scene is painted. See
<u>Drop</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</cd> --
<col><b>Drop seed</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See the List under
<u>Glass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Drop serene</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Amaurosis</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dropped</u> (?) or <u>Dropt</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dropping</u>.] [OE. <i>droppen</i>, AS.
<i>dropan</i>, v. i. See <u>Drop</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pour or let fall in drops; to pour in
small globules; to distill.</def> "The trees <i>drop</i> balsam."
<i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The recording angel, as he wrote it down,
<i>dropped</i> a tear upon the word and blotted it out
forever.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to fall in one portion, or by one
motion, like a drop; to let fall; as, to <i>drop</i> a line in
fishing; to <i>drop</i> a courtesy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To let go; to dismiss; to set aside; to
have done with; to discontinue; to forsake; to give up; to
omit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They suddenly <i>drop't</i> the pursuit.</blockquote>
<i>S. Sharp.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That astonishing ease with which fine ladies
<i>drop</i> you and pick you up again.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The connection had been <i>dropped</i> many
years.</blockquote> <i> Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dropping</i> the too rough H in Hell and
Heaven.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bestow or communicate by a suggestion;
to let fall in an indirect, cautious, or gentle manner; as, to
<i>drop</i> hint, a word of counsel, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To lower, as a curtain, or the muzzle of a
gun, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To send, as a letter; as, please
<i>drop</i> me a line, a letter, word.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To give birth to; as, to <i>drop</i> a
lamb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To cover with drops; to variegate; to
bedrop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Show to the sun their waved coats <i>dropped</i> with
gold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To drop a vessel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to leave it
astern in a race or a chase; to outsail it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
fall in drops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The kindly dew <i>drops</i> from the higher tree,<BR>
And wets the little plants that lowly dwell.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fall, in general, literally or
figuratively; as, ripe fruit <i>drops</i> from a tree; wise words
<i>drop</i> from the lips.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mutilations of which the meaning has <i>dropped</i>
out of memory.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the sound of <i>dropping</i> nuts is
heard.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To let drops fall; to discharge itself in
drops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heavens . . . <i>dropped</i> at the presence of
God.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxviii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fall dead, or to fall in
death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing, says Seneca, so soon reconciles us to the
thoughts of our own death, as the prospect of one friend after
another <i>dropping</i> round us.</blockquote> <i>Digby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To come to an end; to cease; to pass out
of mind; as, the affair <i>dropped</i>.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To come unexpectedly; -- with <i>in</i> or
<i>into</i>; as, my old friend <i>dropped</i> in a moment.</def>
<i>Steele.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Takes care to <i>drop</i> in when he thinks you are
just seated.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To fall or be depressed; to lower; as, the
point of the spear <i>dropped</i> a little.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To fall short of a mark.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Often it <i>drops</i> or overshoots by the
disproportion of distance.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To be deep in extent; to descend
perpendicularly; as, her main topsail <i>drops</i> seventeen
yards.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To drop astern</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to go astern
of another vessel; to be left behind; to slacken the speed of a
vessel so as to fall behind and to let another pass a head.</cd> --
<col><b>To drop down</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to sail, row, or
move down a river, or toward the sea.</cd> -- <col><b>To drop
off</b></col>, <cd>to fall asleep gently; also, to die.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Drop"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little drop; a
tear.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drop"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An apparatus
for bringing artificial light down from a chandelier nearer to a
table or desk; a pendant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Drop"meal`</hw>, <hw>Drop"mele`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>drop-m&aemacr;lum</i>; <i>dropa</i>
drop + <i>m&aemacr;l</i> portion.  Cf. <u>Piecemeal</u>.] <def>By
drops or small portions.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Distilling <i>dropmeal</i>, a little at
once.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, drops. Specif.: <i>(Fishing)</i> A fly
that drops from the leader above the bob or end fly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dropping tube.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A branch vein which drops
off from, or leaves, the main lode.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A dog which suddenly
drops upon the ground when it sights game, -- formerly a common, and
still an occasional, habit of the setter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drop"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The action of causing to drop or of letting drop;
falling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>That which falls in drops; the
excrement or dung of animals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dropping bottle</b></col>, <cd>an instrument used to
supply small quantities of a fluid to a test tube or other
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Dropping fire</b></col>, <cd>a continued
irregular discharge of firearms.</cd> -- <col><b>Dropping
tube</b></col>, <cd>a tube for ejecting any liquid in drops.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drop"ping*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
drops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drop"si*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Dropsy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Diseased with dropsy;
hydropical; tending to dropsy; as, a <i>dropsical</i>
patient.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to dropsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drop"si*cal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being dropsical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drop"sied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Diseased with
drops.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drop"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dropsies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>dropsie</i>, <i>dropesie</i>,
OF. <i>idropisie</i>, F. <i>hydropisie</i>, L. <i>hydropisis</i>, fr.
Gr. &?; dropsy, fr. &?; water. See <u>Water</u>, and cf.
<u>Hydropsy</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An unnatural collection of
serous fluid in any serous cavity of the body, or in the subcutaneous
cellular tissue.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dropt</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Drop</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drop"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>After the
manner of a drop; in the form of drops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trickling <i>dropwise</i> from the cleft.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 457 !></p>

<p><hw>Drop"worm`</hw> (dr&obreve;p"w&ucirc;rm`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva of any
geometrid moth, which drops from trees by means of a thread of silk,
as the cankerworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drop"wort`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An Old World species of <i>Spir&aelig;a</i> (<i>S.
filipendula</i>), with finely cut leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dros"e*ra</hw> (dr&obreve;s"&esl;*r&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>drosero`s</grk> dewy.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of low perennial or biennial plants, the
leaves of which are beset with gland-tipped bristles. See
<u>Sundew</u>.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dros"ky</hw> (dr&obreve;s"k&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Droskies</b></plw> (-k&ibreve;z). [Russ.
<i>drojki</i>, dim. of <i>drogi</i> a kind of carriage, prop. pl. of
<i>droga</i> shaft or pole of a carriage.] <def>A low, four-wheeled,
open carriage, used in Russia, consisting of a kind of long, narrow
bench, on which the passengers ride as on a saddle, with their feet
reaching nearly to the ground. Other kinds of vehicles are now so
called, esp. a kind of victoria drawn by one or two horses, and used
as a public carriage in German cities.</def> [Written also
<i>droitzschka</i>, and <i>droschke</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dro*som"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dro`sos</grk> dew + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F.
<i>drosom&eacute;tre</i>.] <i>(Meteorol.)</i> <def>An instrument for
measuring the quantity of dew on the surface of a body in the open
air. It consists of a balance, having a plate at one end to receive
the dew, and at the other a weight protected from the deposit of
dew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dross</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>dros</i>, fr.
<i>dre&oacute;san</i> to fall. See <u>Dreary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The scum or refuse matter which is thrown off, or falls from,
metals in smelting the ore, or in the process of melting;
recrement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rust of metals.</def> [R.]
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Waste matter; any worthless matter
separated from the better part; leavings; dregs; refuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All world's glory is but <i>dross</i>
unclean.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At the devil's booth are all things sold,<BR>
Each ounce of <i>dross</i> coats its ounce of gold.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dros"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Drazel</u>.]
<def>A slut; a hussy; a drazel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dross"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
dross.</def>  <i>Stevens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dross"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Drossier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Drossiest</u> (?).] <def>Of, pertaining
to, resembling, dross; full of dross; impure; worthless.</def> "
<i>Drossy</i> gold." <i>Dryden.</i> "<i>Drossy</i> rhymes."
<i>Donne.</i> -- <wf>Dross"i*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Drotch"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Drossel</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Drough</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Draw</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drought</hw> (drout), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>droght</i>,
<i>drougth</i>, <i>dru&yogh;&eth;</i>, AS. <i>druga&eth;</i>, from
<i>drugian</i> to dry. See <u>Dry</u>, and cf. <u>Drouth</u>, which
shows the original final sound.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dryness;
want of rain or of water; especially, such dryness of the weather as
affects the earth, and prevents the growth of plants;
aridity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>drought</i> of March hath pierced to the
root.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In a <i>drought</i> the thirsty creatures
cry.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Thirst; want of drink.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Scarcity; lack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>drought</i> of Christian writers caused a dearth
of all history.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drought"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
dryness of the weather; want of rain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drought"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Characterized by drought; wanting rain; arid; adust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Droughty</i> and parched countries.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dry; thirsty; wanting drink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>droughty</i> throat.</blockquote>
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drou"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot. <i>drum</i>,
<i>dram</i>, melancholy, Icel <i>prumr</i> a moper, W. <i>trwm</i>
heavy, sad.] <def>Troubled; muddy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drouth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Drought</u>.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Another ill accident is <i>drouth</i> at the spindling
of corn.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One whose <i>drouth</i> [thirst],<BR>
Yet scarce allayed, still eyes the current stream.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the dust and <i>drouth</i> of London
life.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drouth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Droughty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drove</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Drive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drove</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>dr&amacr;f</i>, fr.
<i>dr&imacr;fan</i> to drive. See <u>Drive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A collection of cattle driven, or cattle collected for driving;
a number of animals, as oxen, sheep, or swine, driven in a
body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any collection of irrational animals,
moving or driving forward; as, a finny <i>drove</i>.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A crowd of people in motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where <i>droves</i>, as at a city gate, may
pass.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A road for driving cattle; a
driftway.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A narrow drain or channel
used in the irrigation of land.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
broad chisel used to bring stone to a nearly smooth surface; --
called also <i>drove chisel</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
grooved surface of stone finished by the drove chisel; -- called also
<i>drove work</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dro"ven</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Drive</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dro"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who drives cattle or sheep to market; one who makes it his
business to purchase cattle, and drive them to market.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why, that's spoken like an honest <i>drover</i>; so
they sell bullocks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boat driven by the tide.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dro"vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>dr&?;f</i>
dirty; cf. D. <i>droef</i>, G. <i>tr&uuml;be</i>, Goth.
<i>dr&?;bjan</i> to trouble.] <def>Turbid; muddy; filthy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drow</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Draw</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drown</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drowned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drowning</u>.] [OE. <i>drunen</i>, <i>drounen</i>, earlier
<i>drunknen</i>, <i>druncnien</i>, AS. <i>druncnian</i> to be
drowned, sink, become drunk, fr. <i>druncen</i> drunken. See
<u>Drunken</u>, <u>Drink</u>.] <def>To be suffocated in water or
other fluid; to perish in water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Methought, what pain it was to
<i>drown</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drown</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
overwhelm in water; to submerge; to inundate.</def> "They
<i>drown</i> the land."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of life by immersion in water
or other liquid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To overpower; to overcome; to extinguish;
-- said especially of sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most men being in sensual pleasures
<i>drowned</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My private voice is <i>drowned</i> amid the
senate.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To drown up</b></col>, <cd>to swallow up.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drown"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
drowning.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Drown"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, drowns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drowse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drowsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drowsing</u>.] [AS. <i>dr&?;sian</i>, <i>dr&?;san</i>, to sink,
become slow or inactive; cf. OD. <i>droosen</i> to be sleepy, fall
asleep, LG. <i>dr&?;sen</i>, <i>druusken</i>, to slumber, fall down
with a noise; prob, akin to AS. <i>dre&oacute;san</i> to fall. See
<u>Dreary</u>.] <def>To sleep imperfectly or unsoundly; to slumber;
to be heavy with sleepiness; to doze.</def> "He <i>drowsed</i> upon
his couch."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the pool <i>drowsed</i> the cattle up to their
knees.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drowse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make heavy with
sleepiness or imperfect sleep; to make dull or stupid.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drowse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slight or imperfect
sleep; a doze.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But smiled on in a <i>drowse</i> of
ecstasy.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drow"si*head</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Drowsiness.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drow"si*hed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Drowsihead.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drow"si*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a drowsy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drow"si*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
drowsy.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drow"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Drowsier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Drowsiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inclined to drowse; heavy with sleepiness; lethargic;
dozy.</def> "When I am <i>drowsy</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dapples the <i>drowsy</i> east with spots of
gray.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To our age's <i>drowsy</i> blood<BR>
Still shouts the inspiring sea.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposing to sleep; lulling;
soporific.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>drowsy</i> hours, dispensers of all
good.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dull; stupid.</def> " <i>Drowsy</i>
reasoning."  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sleepy; lethargic; dozy; somnolent; comatose; dull
heavy; stupid.</p>

<p><hw>Drowth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Drought</u>.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Droyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Droil</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drub</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drubbed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drubbing</u>.] [Cf. Prov. E. <i>drab</i> to beat, Icel. &amp; Sw.
<i>drabba</i> to hit, beat, Dan. <i>dr&aelig;be</i> to slay, and
perh. OE. <i>drepen</i> to strike, kill, AS. <i>drepan</i> to strike,
G. &amp; D. <i>freffen</i> to hit, touch, Icel. <i>drepa</i> to strike,
kill.] <def>To beat with a stick; to thrash; to cudgel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Soundly <i>Drubbed</i> with a good honest
cudgel.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blow with a cudgel; a
thump.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drub"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
drubs.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drudge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drudged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drudging</u>.] [OE. <i>druggen</i>; prob not akin to E.
<i>drag</i>, v. t., but fr. Celtic; cf. Ir. <i>drugaire</i> a slave
or drudge.] <def>To perform menial work; to labor in mean or
unpleasant offices with toil and fatigue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gradually rose in the estimation of the booksellers
for whom he <i>drudged</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drudge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To consume
laboriously; -- with <i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rise to our toils and <i>drudge</i> away the
day.</blockquote> <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drudge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who drudges; one
who works hard in servile employment; a mental servant.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drudg"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who drudges; a drudge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dredging box.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drudg"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
drudging; disagreeable and wearisome labor; ignoble or slavish
toil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>drudgery</i> of penning
definitions.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Paradise was a place of bliss . . . without
<i>drudgery</i> and with out sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Toll</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Drudg"ing box`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Dredging
box</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drudg"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a drudging
manner; laboriously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dru"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>druerie</i>.]
<def>Courtship; gallantry; love; an object of love.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drug</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Drudge</u>.] <def>To drudge; to toil laboriously.</def> [Obs.] "To
<i>drugge</i> and draw."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drudge (?).</def>
<i>Shak. (Timon iv. 3, 253).</i></p>

<p><hw>Drug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>drogue</i>, prob. fr.
D. <i>droog</i>; akin to E. <i>dry</i>; thus orig., dry substance,
hers, plants, or wares. See <u>Dry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any
animal, vegetable, or mineral substance used in the composition of
medicines; any stuff used in dyeing or in chemical
operations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whence merchants bring</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Their spicy <i>drugs</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any commodity that lies on hand, or is not
salable; an article of slow sale, or in no demand.</def> "But sermons
are mere <i>drugs</i>."  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And virtue shall a <i>drug</i> become.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drug</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drugging</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>droguer</i>.] <def>To prescribe or
administer drugs or medicines.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drug</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
affect or season with drugs or ingredients; esp., to stupefy by a
narcotic drug. Also Fig.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The laboring masses . . . [were] <i>drugged</i> into
brutish good humor by a vast system of public
spectacles.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Drug thy memories, lest thou learn it.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tincture with something offensive or
injurious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Drugged</i> as oft,<BR>
With hatefullest disrelish writhed their jaws.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To dose to excess with, or as with,
drugs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With pleasure <i>drugged</i>, he almost longed for
woe.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drug"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A druggist.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drug"get</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>droguet</i>,
prop. dim. of <i>drogue</i> trash, stuff, perh, the same word as
<i>drogue</i> drug, but cf. also W. <i>drwg</i> evil, bad, Ir. &
Gael. <i>droch</i>, Arm. <i>droug</i>, <i>drouk</i>. See 3d
<u>Drug</u>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A coarse woolen cloth dyed of
one color or printed on one side; generally used as a covering for
carpets.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>By extension, any material
used for the same purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drug"gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>droguiste</i>,
fr. <i>drogue</i>. See 3d <u>Drug</u>.] <def>One who deals in drugs;
especially, one who buys and sells drugs without compounding them;
also, a pharmaceutist or apothecary.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The same person often carries on the business of the
druggist and the apothecary. See the Note under
<u>Apothecary</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Drug"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
druggist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boule.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dru"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Druides</i>; of
Celtic origin; cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>draoi</i>, <i>druidh</i>, magician,
Druid, W. <i>derwydd</i> Druid.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of an
order of priests which in ancient times existed among certain
branches of the Celtic race, especially among the Gauls and
Britons.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Druids superintended the affairs of religion and
morality, and exercised judicial functions. They practiced divination
and magic, and sacrificed human victims as a part of their worship.
They consisted of three classes; the bards, the vates or prophets,
and the Druids proper, or priests. Their most sacred rites were
performed in the depths of oak forests or of caves.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of a social and benevolent order,
founded in London in 1781, and professedly based on the traditions of
the ancient Druids. Lodges or <i>groves</i> of the society are
established in other countries.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Druid stones</b></col>, <cd>a name given, in the south of
England, to weatherworn, rough pillars of gray sandstone scattered
over the chalk downs, but in other countries generally in the form of
circles, or in detached pillars.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dru"id*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female Druid; a
prophetess.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dru*id"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Dru*id"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, the
Druids.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Druidical circles</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Circle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dru"id*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Druidic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dru"id*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The system of
religion, philosophy, and instruction, received and taught by the
Druids; the rites and ceremonies of the Druids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>trom</i>,
<i>trommel</i>, LG. <i>trumme</i>, G. <i>trommel</i>, Dan.
<i>tromme</i>, Sw. <i>trumma</i>, OHG. <i>trumba</i> a trumpet, Icel.
<i>pruma</i> a clap of thunder, and as a verb, to thunder, Dan.
<i>drum</i> a booming sound, <i>drumme</i> to boom; prob. partly at
least of imitative origin; perh. akin to E. <i>trum</i>, or
<i>trumpet</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument
of percussion, consisting either of a hollow cylinder, over each end
of which is stretched a piece of skin or vellum, to be beaten with a
stick; or of a metallic hemisphere (kettledrum) with a single piece
of skin to be so beaten; the common instrument for marking time in
martial music; one of the pair of <i>tympani</i> in an orchestra, or
cavalry band.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>drums</i> cry bud-a-dub.</blockquote>
<i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a drum in form</def>;
as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sheet iron radiator, often in the
shape of a drum, for warming an apartment by means of heat received
from a stovepipe, or a cylindrical receiver for steam, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small cylindrical box in which figs, etc.,
are packed.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
tympanum of the ear; -- often, but incorrectly, applied to the
tympanic membrane.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One
of the cylindrical, or nearly cylindrical, blocks, of which the shaft
of a column is composed; also, a vertical wall, whether circular or
polygonal in plan, carrying a cupola or dome.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A cylinder on a revolving
shaft, generally for the purpose of driving several pulleys, by means
of belts or straps passing around its periphery; also, the barrel of
a hoisting machine, on which the rope or chain is wound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Drumfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A noisy, tumultuous assembly of
fashionable people at a private house; a rout.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not unaptly styled a <i>drum</i>, from the noise and
emptiness of the entertainment.</blockquote> <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p>&fist; There were also <i>drum major</i>, <i>rout</i>,
<i>tempest</i>, and <i>hurricane</i>, differing only in degrees of
multitude and uproar, as the significant name of each declares.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A tea party; a kettledrum.</def>  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bass drum</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Double drum</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Double</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drum</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Drummed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drumming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat a drum with sticks;
to beat or play a tune on a drum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat with the fingers, as with
drumsticks; to beat with a rapid succession of strokes; to make a
noise like that of a beaten drum; as, the ruffed grouse <i>drums</i>
with his wings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Drumming</i> with his fingers on the arm of his
chair.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throb, as the heart.</def> [R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To go about, as a drummer does, to gather
recruits, to draw or secure partisans, customers, etc,; -- with
<i>for</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drum</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
execute on a drum, as a tune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>(With <i>out</i>) To expel ignominiously,
with beat of drum; as, to <i>drum</i> out a deserter or rogue from a
camp, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>(With <i>up</i>) To assemble by, or as by,
beat of drum; to collect; to gather or draw by solicitation; as, to
<i>drum</i> up recruits; to <i>drum</i> up customers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drum"beat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The sound of a
beaten drum; drum music.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose morning <i>drumbeat</i>, following the sun, and
keeping company with the hours, circles the earth with one continuous
and unbroken strain of the martial airs of England.</blockquote>
<i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Drumly</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be sluggish or lazy; to be
confused.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mumble in speaking.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Drum"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any fish of the family <i>Sci&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>, which makes
a loud noise by means of its air bladder; -- called also
<i>drum</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 458 !></p>

<p>&fist; The common drumfish (<i>Pogonias chromis</i>) is a large
species, common south of New Jersey. The southern red drum or red
horse (<i>Sci&aelig;na ocellata</i>), and the fresh-water drum or
croaker (<i>Aplodionotus grunniens</i>), are related species.</p>

<p><hw>Drum"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The parchment or skin stretched over one end of a
drum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The top of a capstan which is pierced with
sockets for levers used in turning it. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Capstan</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Drumhead court-martial</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a
summary court-martial called to try offenses on the battlefield or
the line of march, when, sometimes, a drumhead has to do service as a
writing table.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Drum"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>druim</i>
the ridge of a hill.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A hill of compact,
unstratified, glacial drift or till, usually elongate or oval, with
the larger axis parallel to the former local glacial
motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drum"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Droumy</u>.]
<def>Turbid; muddy.</def> [Scot. &amp; Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wodroephe
(1623).  Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drum" ma"jor</hw> (?)<def>.</def> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
chief or first drummer of a regiment; an instructor of
drummers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The marching leader of a military
band.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A noisy gathering. [R.] See under
<u>Drum</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drum"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One whose office is to best the drum, as in military exercises
and marching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who solicits custom; a commercial
traveler.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish that makes a
sound when caught</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
squeteague.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A California
sculpin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large West Indian
cockroach (<i>Blatta gigantea</i>) which drums on woodwork, as a
sexual call.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drum"ming</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
beating upon, or as if upon, a drum; also, the noise which the male
of the ruffed grouse makes in spring, by beating his wings upon his
sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drum"mond light`</hw> (?). [From Thomas <i>Drummond</i>, a
British naval officer.] <def>A very intense light, produced by
turning two streams of gas, one oxygen and the other hydrogen, or
coal gas, in a state of ignition, upon a ball of lime; or a stream of
oxygen gas through a flame of alcohol upon a ball or disk of lime; --
called also <i>oxycalcium light</i>, or <i>lime light</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied sometimes to a heliostat, invented
by Drummond, for rendering visible a distant point, as in geodetic
surveying, by reflecting upon it a beam of light from the sun.</p>

<p><hw>Drum"stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A stick with which a drum is beaten.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a drumstick in form,
as the tibiotarsus, or second joint, of the leg of a fowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drunk</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dronke</i>,
<i>drunke</i>, <i>dronken</i>, <i>drunken</i>, AS. <i>druncen</i>.
Orig. the same as <i>drunken</i>, p. p. of <i>drink</i>. See
<u>Drink</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Intoxicated with, or as with,
strong drink; inebriated; drunken; -- never used
<i>attributively</i>, but always <i>predicatively</i>; as, the man is
<i>drunk</i> (not, a <i>drunk</i> man).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not <i>drunk</i> with wine, where in is
excess.</blockquote> <i> Eph. v. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Drunk</i> with recent prosperity.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Drenched or saturated with moisture or
liquid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will make mine arrows <i>drunk</i> with
blood.</blockquote> <i> Deut. xxxii. 42.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drunk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drunken condition; a
spree.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Drunk"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Drunk</i> + <i>-
ard</i>.] <def>One who habitually drinks strong liquors immoderately;
one whose habit it is to get drunk; a toper; a sot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>drunkard</i> and glutton shall come to
poverty.</blockquote> <i> Prov. xxiii. 21.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drunk"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>druncen</i>,
prop., that has drunk, p. p. of <i>drincan</i>, taken as active. See
<u>Drink</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Drunk</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Overcome by strong drink; intoxicated by, or
as by, spirituous liquor; inebriated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Drunken</i> men imagine everything turneth
round.</blockquote> <i> Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Saturated with liquid or moisture;
drenched.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the earth be <i>drunken</i> with our
blood.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or proceeding from,
intoxication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>drunken</i> quarrels of a rake.</blockquote>
<i> Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drunk"en*head</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Drunkenness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Drunk"en*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a drunken
manner.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Drunk"en*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being drunken with, or as with, alcoholic liquor;
intoxication; inebriety; -- used of the casual state or the
habit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lacedemonians trained up their children to hate
<i>drunkenness</i> by bringing a drunken man into their
company.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disorder of the faculties, resembling
intoxication by liquors; inflammation; frenzy; rage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Passion is the <i>drunkenness</i> of the
mind.</blockquote> <i> South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Intoxication; inebriation; inebriety. --
<u>Drunkenness</u>, <u>Intoxication</u>, <u>Inebriation</u>.
<i>Drunkenness</i> refers more to the habit; <i>intoxication</i> and
<i>inebriation</i>, to specific acts. The first two words are
extensively used in a figurative sense; a person is
<i>intoxicated</i> with success, and is <i>drunk</i> with joy. "This
plan of empire was not taken up in the first <i>intoxication</i> of
unexpected success."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Drunk"en*ship</hw>, <hw>Drunk"ship</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being drunk;
drunkenness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dru*pa"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>drupac&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing, or pertaining
to, drupes; having the form of drupes; as, <i>drupaceous</i> trees or
fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drup"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Drupaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drupe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>drupe</i>, L.
<i>drupa</i> an overripe, wrinkled olive, fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A fruit consisting of pulpy, coriaceous, or fibrous exocarp,
without valves, containing a nut or stone with a kernel. The exocarp
is succulent in the plum, cherry, apricot, peach, etc.; dry and
subcoriaceous in the almond; and fibrous in the cocoanut.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Drup"el</hw> (?), <hw>Drupe"let</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <u>Drupe</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small drupe, as one of the pulpy grains of the blackberry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Druse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>druse</i>
bonny, crystallized piece of ore, Bohem. <i>druza</i>.  Cf.
<u>Dross</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A cavity in a rock, having its
interior surface studded with crystals and sometimes filled with
water; a geode.</def></p>

<p><hw>Druse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a people and
religious sect dwelling chiefly in the Lebanon mountains of
Syria.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Druses separated from the Mohammedan Arabs in the
9th century. Their characteristic dogma is the unity of
God.</blockquote> <i> Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dru"sy</hw> (?), <hw>Drused</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Covered with a large number of minute
crystals.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Drux"ey</hw>, <hw>Drux"y</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Etymol. uncertain.] <def>Having decayed spots or streaks of a
whitish color; -- said of timber.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Drier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Driest</u>.] [OE.
<i>dru&?;e</i>, <i>druye</i>, <i>drie</i>, AS. <i>dryge</i>; akin to
LG. <i>dr&ouml;ge</i>, D. <i>droog</i>, OHG. <i>trucchan</i>, G.
<i>trocken</i>, Icel. <i>draugr</i> a dry log.  Cf. <u>Drought</u>,
<u>Drouth</u>, 3d <u>Drug</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from
moisture; having little humidity or none; arid; not wet or moist;
deficient in the natural or normal supply of moisture, as rain or
fluid of any kind; -- said especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Of the
weather: Free from rain or mist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The weather, we agreed, was too <i>dry</i> for the
season.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of vegetable matter: Free from juices or
sap; not succulent; not green; as, <i>dry</i> wood or hay.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Of animals: Not giving milk; as, the cow is
<i>dry</i>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Of persons: Thirsty;
needing drink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give the <i>dry</i> fool drink.</blockquote> <i>
Shak</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Of the eyes: Not shedding
tears.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not a <i>dry</i> eye was to be seen in the
assembly.</blockquote> <i> Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of certain morbid
conditions, in which there is entire or comparative absence of
moisture; as, <i>dry</i> gangrene; <i>dry</i> catarrh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of that which interests or
amuses; barren; unembellished; jejune; plain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These epistles will become less <i>dry</i>, more
susceptible of ornament.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by a quality somewhat
severe, grave, or hard; hence, sharp; keen; shrewd; quaint; as, a
<i>dry</i> tone or manner; <i>dry</i> wit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was rather a <i>dry</i>, shrewd kind of
body.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Exhibiting a sharp,
frigid preciseness of execution, or the want of a delicate contour in
form, and of easy transition in coloring.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dry area</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a small open space
reserved outside the foundation of a building to guard it from
damp.</cd> -- <col><b>Dry blow</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Med.)</i> <cd>A blow which inflicts no wound, and causes no
effusion of blood.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A quick, sharp
blow.</cd> -- <col><b>Dry bone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>Smithsonite, or carbonate of zinc; -- a miner's term.</cd> --
<col><b>Dry castor</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>a kind of
beaver; -- called also <i>parchment beaver</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dry
cupping</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Cupping</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Dry dock</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Dock</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dry fat</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Dry vat</i> (below).</cd> --
<col><b>Dry light</b></col>, <cd>pure unobstructed light; hence, a
clear, impartial view.</cd> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The scientific man must keep his feelings under stern
control, lest they obtrude into his researches, and color the <i>dry
light</i> in which alone science desires to see its
objects.</blockquote> <i> J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Dry masonry</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Masonry</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dry measure</b></col>, <cd>a system of measures of volume for
dry or coarse articles, by the bushel, peck, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Dry
pile</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a form of the Voltaic pile,
constructed without the use of a liquid, affording a feeble current,
and chiefly useful in the construction of electroscopes of great
delicacy; -- called also <i>Zamboni's </i>, from the names of the two
earliest constructors of it.</cd> -- <col><b>Dry pipe</b></col>
<i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a pipe which conducts dry steam from a
boiler.</cd> -- <col><b>Dry plate</b></col> <i>(Photog.)</i>, <cd>a
glass plate having a dry coating sensitive to light, upon which
photographic negatives or pictures can be made, without
moistening.</cd> -- <col><b>Dry-plate process</b></col>, <cd>the
process of photographing with dry plates.</cd> -- <col><b>Dry
point</b></col>. <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An
engraving made with the needle instead of the burin, in which the
work is done nearly as in etching, but is finished without the use
acid</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A print from such an engraving,
usually upon paper.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> Hence: <cd>The needle
with which such an engraving is made.</cd> -- <col><b>Dry
rent</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a rent reserved by deed,
without a clause of distress.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> -- <col><b>Dry
rot</b></col>, <cd>a decay of timber, reducing its fibers to the
condition of a dry powdery dust, often accompanied by the presence of
a peculiar fungus (<i>Merulius lacrymans</i>), which is sometimes
considered the cause of the decay; but it is more probable that the
real cause is the decomposition of the wood itself. <i>D. C.
Eaton.</i> Called also <i>sap rot</i>, and, in the United States,
<i>powder post</i>.</cd> <i>Hebert.</i> -- <col><b>Dry
stove</b></col>, <cd>a hothouse adapted to preserving the plants of
arid climates.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>Dry vat</b></col>,
<cd>a vat, basket, or other receptacle for dry articles.</cd> --
<col><b>Dry wine</b></col>, <cd>that in which the saccharine matter
and fermentation were so exactly balanced, that they have wholly
neutralized each other, and no sweetness is perceptible; -- opposed
to <i>sweet wine</i>, in which the saccharine matter is in
excess.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Drying</u>.] [AS. <i>drygan</i>; cf. <i>drugian</i> to grow dry.
See <u>Dry</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To make dry; to free from
water, or from moisture of any kind, and by any means; to exsiccate;
as, to <i>dry</i> the eyes; to <i>dry</i> one's tears; the wind
<i>dries</i> the earth; to <i>dry</i> a wet cloth; to <i>dry</i>
hay.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To dry up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To scorch or
parch with thirst; to deprive utterly of water; to consume.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Their honorable men are famished, and their multitude
<i>dried up</i> with thirst.</blockquote> <i> Is. v. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The water of the sea, which formerly covered it, was
in time exhaled and <i>dried up</i> by the sun.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To make to cease, as a stream of
talk.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Their sources of revenue were <i>dried
up</i>.</blockquote> <i> Jowett (Thucyd. )</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To dry, or dry up</b></col>, <col><b>a cow</b></col>,
<cd>to cause a cow to cease secreting milk.</cd>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
grow dry; to become free from wetness, moisture, or juice; as, the
road <i>dries</i> rapidly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To evaporate wholly; to be exhaled; --
said of moisture, or a liquid; -- sometimes with <i>up</i>; as, the
stream <i>dries</i>, or <i>dries</i> up.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To shrivel or wither; to lose
vitality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And his hand, which he put forth against him,
<i>dried</i> up, so that he could not pull it in again to
him.</blockquote> <i>I Kings xiii. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dry"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dryas</i>, pl.
<i>dryades</i>, Gr. &?;, pl. &?;, fr. &?; oak, tree. See
<u>Tree</u>.] <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A wood nymph; a nymph whose
life was bound up with that of her tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dry*an"dra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named after
<i>J. Dryander</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs growing in
Australia, having beautiful, hard, dry, evergreen leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dry"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dryades</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Dryad</u>.] <i>(Class.
Myth.)</i> <def>A dryad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dry"-beat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To beat
severely.</def>  <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dry"-boned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having dry
bones, or bones without flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dry" dock`</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Dock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dry"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Drier</u>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dry"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having
tears in the eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dry"-fist`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Niggardly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dry"foot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The scent of the
game, as far as it can be traced.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dry" goods`</hw> (?). <def>A commercial name for textile
fabrics, cottons, woolens, linen, silks, laces, etc., -- in
distinction from <i>groceries</i>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dry"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Adapted or tending to exhaust moisture; as, a <i>drying</i> wind
or day; a <i>drying</i> room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality of rapidly becoming
dry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Drying oil</b></col>, <cd>an oil which, either naturally
or after boiling with oxide of lead, absorbs oxygen from the air and
dries up rapidly. <i>Drying oils</i> are used as the bases of many
paints and varnishes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dry"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dry manner; not
succulently; without interest; without sympathy; coldly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dry"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
dry. See <u>Dry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dry" nurse`</hw> (?). <def>A nurse who attends and feeds a
child by hand; -- in distinction from a <i>wet nurse</i>, who suckles
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dry"nurse`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To feed, attend,
and bring up without the breast.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dry`o*bal"a*nops</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>dry^s</grk> oak + <grk>ba`lanos</grk> acorn +
<grk>'o`psis</grk> appearance. The fruit remotely resembles an acorn
in its cup.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The genus to which belongs the single
species <i>D. Camphora</i>, a lofty resinous tree of Borneo and
Sumatra, yielding Borneo camphor and camphor oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dry"-rub`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dry-rubbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dry-rubbing</u>.] <def>To rub and cleanse without wetting.</def>
<i>Dodsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dry"salt`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dealer in
salted or dried meats, pickles, sauces, etc., and in the materials
used in pickling, salting, and preserving various kinds of food Hence
drysalters usually sell a number of saline substances and
miscellaneous drugs.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dry"salt`er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The articles
kept by a drysalter; also, the business of a drysalter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dry"-shod`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without wetting
the feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dry"-stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Constructed of
uncemented stone.</def> "<i>Dry-stone</i> walls."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dryth</hw> (?), or <hw>Drith</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Drought.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dyad</u>.] <def>A
union of two; duality.</def> [R.]  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dualis</i>, fr.
<i>duo</i> two. See <u>Two</u>.] <def>Expressing, or consisting of,
the number two; belonging to two; as, the <i>dual</i> number of
nouns, etc. , in Greek.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here you have one half of our <i>dual</i>
truth.</blockquote> <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"a*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
explosive substance consisting essentially of sawdust or wood pulp,
saturated with nitroglycerin and other similar nitro compounds. It is
inferior to dynamite, and is more liable to explosion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dualisme</i>.] <def>State of being dual or twofold; a twofold
division; any system which is founded on a double principle, or a
twofold distinction</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Philos.)</i>
<def>A view of man as constituted of two original and independent
elements, as matter and spirit.</def> <i>(Theol.)</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A system which accepts two gods, or two
original principles, one good and the other evil.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The doctrine that all mankind are divided by
the arbitrary decree of God, and in his eternal foreknowledge, into
two classes, the elect and the reprobate.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The theory that each cerebral hemisphere acts
independently of the other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An inevitable <i>dualism</i> bisects nature, so that
each thing is a half, and suggests another thing to make it
whole.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>dualiste</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who believes in dualism; a
ditheist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who administers two offices.</def>
<i> Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du`al*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
two; pertaining to dualism or duality.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dualistic</b></col> <col><b>system or theory</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the theory, originated by Lavoisier and developed
by Berzelius, that all definite compounds are binary in their nature,
and consist of two distinct constituents, themselves simple or
complex, and possessed of opposite chemical or electrical
affinities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Du"al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dualitas</i>:
cf. F. <i>dualit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or condition of being
two or twofold; dual character or usage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. &amp; Ir.] <def>A
division of a poem corresponding to a canto; a poem or song.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Du"ar*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; two + <i>-
archy</i>.] <def>Government by two persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dub</hw> (d&ubreve;b), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dubbed</u> (d&ubreve;bd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Dubbing</u>.] [AS. <i>dubban</i> to strike, beat
("<i>dubbade</i> his sunu . . . to r&imacr;dere." <i>AS. Chron.</i>
an. 1086); akin to Icel. <i>dubba</i>; cf. OF. <i>adouber</i> (prob.
fr. Icel.) a chevalier, Icel. <i>dubba</i> til riddara.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To confer knighthood upon; as, the king
<i>dubbed</i> his son Henry a knight.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The conclusion of the ceremony was marked by a tap on the
shoulder with the sword.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To invest with any dignity or new
character; to entitle; to call.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of wealth is <i>dubbed</i> a man of
worth.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To clothe or invest; to ornament; to
adorn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His diadem was dropped down<BR>
<i>Dubbed</i> with stones.</blockquote> <i>Morte d'Arthure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to
dab;</def> as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To dress with an adz; as, to
<i>dub</i> a stick of timber smooth.</def></p>

<p><! p. 459 !></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To strike cloth with teasels to raise a
nap.</def> <i>Halliwell.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To rub or dress
with grease, as leather in the process of cyrrying it.</def>
<i>Tomlinson.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To prepare for fighting,
as a gamecock, by trimming the hackles and cutting off the comb and
wattles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To dub a fly</b></col>, <cd>to dress a fishing fly.</cd>
[Prov. Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i> -- <col><b>To dub out</b></col>
<i>(Plastering)</i>, <cd>to fill out, as an uneven surface, to a
plane, or to carry out a series of small projections.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dub</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a noise by
brisk drumbeats.</def> "Now the drum <i>dubs</i>."  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blow.</def> [R.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. <i>d&oacute;b</i>
mire, stream, W. <i>dwvr</i> water.] <def>A pool or puddle.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dubb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Syrian bear. See under <u>Bear</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>dhubb</i>, and <i>dub</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dub"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, dubs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dub"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>dabbah</i>.]
<def>A globular vessel or bottle of leather, used in India to hold
ghee, oil, etc.</def> [Also written <i>dupper</i>.]
<i>M'Culloch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dub"bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of dubbing, as a knight, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of rubbing, smoothing, or
dressing; a dressing off smooth with an adz.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dressing of flour and water used by
weavers; a mixture of oil and tallow for dressing leather;
daubing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The body substance of an angler's
fly.</def>  <i>Davy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du*bi"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dubieties</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>dubietas</i>, fr.
<i>dubius</i>. See <u>Dubious</u>.] <def>Doubtfulness; uncertainty;
doubt.</def> [R.] <i>Lamb.</i> "The <i>dubiety</i> of his fate."
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du`bi*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dubiosities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>dubiosus</i>.] <def>The
state of being doubtful; a doubtful statement or thing.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Men often swallow falsities for truths,
<i>dubiosities</i> for certainties, possibilities for
feasibilities.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"bi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dubius</i>,
<i>dubiosus</i>, fr. <i>duo</i> two. See <u>Two</u>, and cf.
<u>Doubt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Doubtful or not settled in
opinion; being in doubt; wavering or fluctuating; undetermined.</def>
"<i>Dubious</i> policy."  <i>Sir T. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>dubious</i>, agitated state of mind.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Occasioning doubt; not clear, or obvious;
equivocal; questionable; doubtful; as, a <i>dubious</i>
answer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wiping the dingy shirt with a still more
<i>dubious</i> pocket handkerchief.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of uncertain event or issue; as, in
<i>dubious</i> battle.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Doubtful; doubting; unsettled; undetermined;
equivocal; uncertain.  Cf. <u>Doubtful</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Du"bi*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dubious
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"bi*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
dubious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"bi*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dubitabilis</i>.  Cf. <u>Doubtable</u>.] <def>Liable to be
doubted; uncertain.</def> [R.] <i>Dr. H. More.</i> --
<wf>Du"bi*ta*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Du"bi*tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>dubitantia</i>.] <def>Doubt; uncertainty.</def> [R.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"bi*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dubitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>dubitare</i>. See <u>Doubt</u>.]
<def>To doubt.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If he . . . were to loiter <i>dubitating</i>, and not
come.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du`bi*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dubitatio</i>.] <def>Act of doubting; doubt.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"bi*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dubitativus</i>: cf. F. <i>dubitatif</i>.] <def>Tending to doubt;
doubtful.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Du"bi*ta*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]  <i>. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Du*bois"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Duboisine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du*bois"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid obtained from the leaves of an Australian tree
(<i>Duboisia myoporoides</i>), and regarded as identical with
hyoscyamine. It produces dilation of the pupil of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>ducal</i>. See
<u>Duke</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a duke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>ducal</i> cap was to be exchanged for a kingly
crown.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"cal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of a
duke, or in a manner becoming the rank of a duke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duc"at</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ducat</i>, It.
<i>ducato</i>, LL. <i>ducatus</i>, fr. <i>dux</i> leader or
commander. See <u>Duke</u>.] <def>A coin, either of gold or silver,
of several countries in Europe; originally, one struck in the
dominions of a duke.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The gold ducat is generally of the value of nine shillings
and four pence sterling, or somewhat more that two dollars. The
silver ducat is of about half this value.</p>

<p><hw>Duc`a*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. or Sp.
<i>ducaton</i>, fr. <i>ducat</i>.] <def>A silver coin of several
countries of Europe, and of different values.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Du"ces te"cum</hw> (?). [L., bring with thee.] <def>A
judicial process commanding a person to appear in court and bring
with him some piece of evidence or other thing to be produced to the
court.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duch"ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>duchesse</i>,
fr. <i>duc</i> duke.] <def>The wife or widow of a duke; also, a lady
who has the sovereignty of a duchy in her own right.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Du`chesse" d'An`gou`l&ecirc;me"</hw> (?). [F.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A variety of pear of large size and excellent flavor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duch"y</hw> (d&ubreve;ch"&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Duchies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>duch&eacute;</i>,
OF. <i>duch&eacute;e</i>, (assumed) LL. <i>ducitas</i>, fr. L.
<i>dux</i>. See <u>Duke</u>.] <def>The territory or dominions of a
duke; a dukedom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duck</hw> (d&ubreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>dukke</i>, Sw. <i>docka</i>, OHG. <i>doccha</i>, G. <i>docke</i>.
Cf. <u>Doxy</u>.] <def>A pet; a darling.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>doek</i> cloth, canvas,
or Icel. <i>d&umacr;kr</i> cloth; akin to OHG. <i>tuoh</i>, G.
<i>tuch</i>, Sw. <i>duk</i>, Dan. <i>dug</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A linen (or sometimes cotton) fabric, finer and lighter than
canvas, -- used for the lighter sails of vessels, the sacking of
beds, and sometimes for men's clothing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <i>pl.</i> <def>The light
clothes worn by sailors in hot climates.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Duck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ducked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ducking</u>.] [OE. <i>duken</i>, <i>douken</i>, to dive; akin to
D. <i>duiken</i>, OHG. <i>t&?;hhan</i>, MHG. <i>tucken</i>,
<i>t&uuml;cken</i>, <i>t&?;chen</i>, G. <i>tuchen</i>.  Cf. 5th
<u>Duck</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To thrust or plunge under water
or other liquid and suddenly withdraw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adams, after <i>ducking</i> the squire twice or
thrice, leaped out of the tub.</blockquote> <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To plunge the head of under water,
immediately withdrawing it; as, <i>duck</i> the boy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bow; to bob down; to move quickly with
a downward motion.</def> " Will <i>duck</i> his head aside."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duck</hw> (d&ubreve;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go under the surface of water and
immediately reappear; to dive; to plunge the head in water or other
liquid; to dip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In Tiber <i>ducking</i> thrice by break of
day.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drop the head or person suddenly; to
bow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The learned pate<BR>
<i>Ducks</i> to the golden fool.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>duke</i>, <i>doke</i>.
See <u>Duck</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zool.)</i> <def>Any bird of the subfamily <i>Anatin&aelig;</i>,
family <i>Anatid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The genera and species are numerous. They are divided into
<i>river ducks</i> and <i>sea ducks</i>. Among the former are the
common domestic duck (<i>Anas boschas</i>); the wood duck (<i>Aix
sponsa</i>); the beautiful mandarin duck of China (<i>Dendronessa
galeriliculata</i>); the Muscovy duck, originally of South America
(<i>Cairina moschata</i>). Among the sea ducks are the eider,
canvasback, scoter, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden inclination of the bead or
dropping of the person, resembling the motion of a duck in
water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here be, without <i>duck</i> or nod,<BR>
Other trippings to be trod.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bombay duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fish. See
<u>Bummalo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Buffel duck</b></col>, or
<col><b>Spirit duck</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Buffel duck</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Duck ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species of
white ant in Jamaica which builds large nests in trees.</cd> --
<col><b>Duck barnacle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Goose
barnacle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Duck hawk</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In the United States: The
peregrine falcon.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In England: The marsh
harrier or moor buzzard.</cd> -- <col><b>Duck mole</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small aquatic mammal of Australia, having
webbed feet and a bill resembling that of a duck (<i>Ornithorhynchus
anatinus</i>). It belongs the subclass Monotremata and is remarkable
for laying eggs like a bird or reptile; -- called also
<i>duckbill</i>, <i>platypus</i>, <i>mallangong</i>,
<i>mullingong</i>, <i>tambreet</i>, and <i>water mole</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To make ducks and drakes</b></col>, <cd>to throw a flat stone
obliquely, so as to make it rebound repeatedly from the surface of
the water, raising a succession of jets</cd>; hence: <col><b>To play
at ducks and drakes</b></col>, with property, <cd>to throw it away
heedlessly or squander it foolishly and unprofitably.</cd> --
<col><b>Lame duck</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Lame</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Duck"bill`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <i>Duck mole</i>, under <u>Duck</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Duck"-billed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
bill like that of a duck.</def>.</p>

<p><hw>Duck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, ducks; a plunger; a diver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cringing, servile person; a
fawner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duck"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos>, from
<u>Duck</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Ducking stool</b></col>, <cd>a stool or chair in which
common scolds were formerly tied, and plunged into water, as a
punishment. See <u>Cucking stool</u>. The practice of ducking began
in the latter part of the 15th century, and prevailed until the early
part of the 18th, and occasionally as late as the 19th century.</cd>
<i>Blackstone. Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duck"-legged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having short
legs, like a waddling duck; short-legged.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duck"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young or
little duck.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Duck"meat`</hw> (?), or <hw>Duck's"-meat`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Duckweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duck's"-bill`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form
of a duck's bill.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Duck's-bill limpet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
limpet of the genus <i>Parmaphorus</i>; -- so named from its
shape.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Duck's"-foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The May apple (<i>Podophyllum peltatum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Duck"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus (<i>Lemna</i>) of small plants, seen floating in great quantity
on the surface of stagnant pools fresh water, and supposed to furnish
food for ducks; -- called also <i>duckmeat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ductus</i> a
leading, conducting, conduit, fr. <i>ducere</i>, <i>ductum</i>, to
lead. See <u>Duke</u>, and cf. <u>Douche</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any tube or canal by which a fluid or other substance is
conducted or conveyed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the vessels of an
animal body by which the products of glandular secretion are conveyed
to their destination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large, elongated cell,
either round or prismatic, usually found associated with woody
fiber.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ducts</i> are classified, according to the character of
the surface of their walls, or their structure, as annular, spiral,
scalariform, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Guidance; direction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duc"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being drawn out</def> [R.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duc"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ductilis</i>,
fr. <i>ducere</i> to lead: cf. F. <i>ductile</i>. See <u>Duct</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easily led; tractable; complying; yielding to
motives, persuasion, or instruction; as, a <i>ductile</i>
people.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Forms their <i>ductile</i> minds<BR>
To human virtues.</blockquote> <i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being elongated or drawn out,
as into wire or threads.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gold . . . is the softest and most <i>ductile</i> of
all metals.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Duc"tile*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Duc"tile*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Duc`ti*lim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Ductile</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for accurately
determining the ductility of metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duc*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ductilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The property of a
metal which allows it to be drawn into wires or filaments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tractableness; pliableness.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ductio</i>, fr.
<i>ducere</i> to lead.] <def>Guidance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duct"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having to duct
or outlet; as, a <i>ductless</i> gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duc"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>ducere</i>
to lead.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who leads.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A contrivance for removing
superfluous ink or coloring matter from a roller. See <u>Doctor</u>,
4.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ductor roller</b></col> <i>(Printing)</i>, <cd>the roller
which conveys or supplies ink to another roller.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Guidance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dud"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [In Suffolk, Eng.,
to shiver, shake, tremble; also written <i>dodder</i>.] <def>To
confuse or confound with noise.</def>  <i>Jennings.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dud"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shiver or
tremble; to dodder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>dudder</i> and shake like an aspen
leaf.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dud"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Duds</u>.] <def>A
peddler or hawker, especially of cheap and flashy goods pretended to
be smuggled; a duffer.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Dud"der*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where
rags are bought and kept for sale.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Dude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of dandy;
especially, one characterized by an ultrafashionable style of dress
and other affectations.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><blockquote>The social <i>dude</i> who affects English dress and
English drawl.</blockquote> <i>The American.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du*deen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short tobacco
pipe.</def> [Written also <i>dudheen</i>.] [Irish]</p>

<p><hw>Dudg"eon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The root of the box tree, of which hafts for daggers were
made.</def>  <i>Gerarde (1597).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The haft of a dagger.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dudgeon-hafted dagger; a dagger.</def>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dudg"eon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>dygen</i> anger,
grudge.] <def>Resentment; ill will; anger; displeasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I drink it to thee in <i>dudgeon</i> and
hostility.</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sir T</i>. <i>Scott</i>.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Dudg"eon</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Homely; rude;
coarse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By my troth, though I am plain and <i>dudgeon</i>,<BR>
I would not be an ass.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dud"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or
characterized of, a dude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duds</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>dud</i> rag,
pl. <i>duds</i> clothing of inferior quality.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Old or inferior clothes; tattered garments.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Effects, in general.</def>[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Due</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>deu</i>, F.
<i>d&ucirc;</i>, p. p. of <i>devoir</i> to owe, fr. L. <i>debere</i>.
See <u>Debt</u>, <u>Habit</u>, and cf. <u>Duty</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Owed, as a debt; that ought to be paid or
done to or for another; payable; owing and demandable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Justly claimed as a right or property;
proper; suitable; becoming; appropriate; fit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her obedience, which is <i>due</i> to me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With dirges <i>due</i>, in sad array,<BR>
Slow through the churchway path we saw him borne.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Such as (a thing) ought to be; fulfilling
obligation; proper; lawful; regular; appointed; sufficient; exact;
as, <i>due</i> process of law; <i>due</i> service; in <i>due</i>
time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Appointed or required to arrive at a given
time; as, the steamer was <i>due</i> yesterday.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Owing; ascribable, as to a
cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This effect is <i>due</i> to the attraction of the
sun.</blockquote> <i>J. D. Forbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Due</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Directly; exactly; as, a
<i>due</i> east course.</def></p>

<p><hw>Due</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is owed; debt; that which one contracts to pay, or do, to or
for another; that which belongs or may be claimed as a right;
whatever custom, law, or morality requires to be done; a fee; a
toll.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will give the devil his <i>due</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yearly little <i>dues</i> of wheat, and wine, and
oil.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Right; just title or claim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The key of this infernal pit by <i>due</i> . . . <i>I
keep</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Due</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To endue.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Due"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A
brief written acknowledgment of a debt, not made payable to order,
like a promissory note.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Due"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit;
becoming.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>duello</i>, fr.
L. <i>duellum</i>, orig., a contest between two, which passed into
the common form <i>bellum</i> war, fr. <i>duo</i> two: cf. F.
<i>duel</i>. See <u>Bellicose</u>, <u>Two</u>, and cf.
<u>Duello</u>.] <def>A combat between two persons, fought with deadly
weapons, by agreement. It usually arises from an injury done or an
affront given by one to the other.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trial by duel</b></col> <i>(Old Law)</i>, <cd>a combat
between two persons for proving a cause; trial by battel.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Du"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To fight in
single combat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Du"el*er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who engages in a
duel.</def> [R.] [Written also <i>dueller</i>.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"el*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or practice
of fighting in single combat. Also <pos><i>adj.</i></pos></def>
[Written also <i>duelling</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Du"el*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>duelliste</i>.] <def>One who fights in single combat.</def>
[Written also <i>duellist</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>duelist</i> . . . always values himself upon his
courage, his sense of honor, his fidelity and
friendship.</blockquote> <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Du*e"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Duel</u>.] <def>A duel; also, the rules of dueling.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Du*e"&ntilde;a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>See
<u>Do&ntilde;a</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 460 !></p>

<p><hw>Due"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
due; debt; what is due or becoming.</def>  <i>T. Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du*en"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Duennas</b></plw> (#). [Sp. <i>due&ntilde;a</i>,
<i>do&ntilde;a</i>, fr. L. <i>domina</i>. See <u>Dame</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The chief lady in waiting on the queen of
Spain.</def>  <i>Brande.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An elderly lady holding a station between
a governess and companion, and appointed to have charge over the
younger ladies in a Spanish or a Portuguese family.</def>  <i>Brande
& C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any old woman who is employed to guard a
younger one; a governess.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du*et"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<u>Duetto</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A composition for two performers, whether vocal or
instrumental.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Du`et*ti"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It ., dim. fr.
<i>duetto</i> a duet.] <def>A duet of short extent and concise
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Du*et"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. It &amp; L.
<i>duo</i> two. See <u>Two</u>.] <def>See <u>Duet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duff</hw> (d&ubreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From OE.
<i>dagh</i>. &radic;67. See <u>Dough</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Dough or paste.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stiff flour pudding, boiled in a bag; --
a term used especially by seamen; as, plum <i>duff</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duf"fel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>duffel</i>, from
<i>Duffel</i>, a town not far from Antwerp.] <def>A kind of coarse
woolen cloth, having a thick nap or frieze.</def> [Written also
<i>duffle</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Good <i>duffel</i> gray and flannel fine.</blockquote>
<i> Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duf"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A peddler or hawker, especially of cheap, flashy articles, as
sham jewelry; hence, a sham or cheat.</def> [Slang, Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stupid, awkward, inefficient
person.</def>[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Duf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Duffel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du*fren"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From &?;&?;ierre
Armand <i>Dufr&eacute;noy</i>, a French geologist.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral of a blackish green color, commonly massive or in
nodules. It is a hydrous phosphate of iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dug</hw> (d&ubreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to Sw.
<i>d&auml;gga</i> to suckle (a child), Dan. <i>d&aelig;gge</i>, and
prob. to Goth. <i>daddjan</i>. &radic;66.] <def>A teat, pap, or
nipple; -- formerly that of a human mother, now that of a cow or
other beast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With mother's <i>dug</i> between its
lips.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dug</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Dig</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du*gong"</hw> (d&usdot;*g&obreve;g"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Malayan <i>d&?;y&?;ng</i>, or Javan. <i>duyung</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An aquatic herbivorous mammal (<i>Halicore
dugong</i>), of the order Sirenia, allied to the manatee, but with a
bilobed tail. It inhabits the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, East Indies, and
Australia.</def> [Written also <i>duyong</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dug"out`</hw> (d&ubreve;g"out), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A canoe or boat dug out from a large
log.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man stepped from his slender
<i>dugout</i>.</blockquote> <i> G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place dug out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A house made partly in a hillside or
slighter elevation.</def> [Western U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dug"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A way or road dug
through a hill, or sunk below the surface of the land.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Duke</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>duc</i>, fr. L.
<i>dux</i>, <i>ducis</i>, leader, commander, fr. <i>ducere</i> to
lead; akin to AS. <i>te&oacute;n</i> to draw; cf. AS. <i>heretoga</i>
(<i>here</i> army) an army leader, general, G. <i>herzog</i> duke.
See <u>Tue</u>, and cf. <u>Doge</u>, <u>Duchess</u>, <u>Ducat</u>,
<u>Duct</u>, <u>Adduce</u>, <u>Deduct</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
leader; a chief; a prince.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hannibal, <i>duke</i> of Carthage.</blockquote> <i>Sir
T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All were <i>dukes</i> once, who were "duces" --
captains or leaders of their people.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In England, one of the highest order of
nobility after princes and princesses of the royal blood and the four
archbishops of England and Ireland.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In some European countries, a sovereign
prince, without the title of king.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Duke's coronet</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Illust</u>. of
<u>Coronet</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To dine with Duke Humphrey</b></col>,
<cd>to go without dinner. See under <u>Dine</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Duke</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the
duke.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lord Angelo <i>dukes</i> it well in his
absence.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duke"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The territory of a duke.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The title or dignity of a duke.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duke"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little or
insignificant duke.</def>  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Duke"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being a duke; also, the personality of a duke.</def>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dul`ca*ma"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>dulcis</i> sweet + <i>amarus</i> bitter.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant (<i>Solanum Dulcamara</i>). See <u>Bittersweet</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dul`ca*ma"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A glucoside extracted from the bittersweet (<i>Solanum
Dulcamara</i>), as a yellow amorphous substance. It probably
occasions the compound taste. See <u>Bittersweet</u>,
3<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dulce</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make sweet; to
soothe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Dulce"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sweetness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dul"cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>doucet</i>,
dim. of <i>dous</i> sweet, F. <i>doux</i>, L. <i>dulcis</i>; akin to
Gr. &?; .  Cf. <u>Doucet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sweet to the
taste; luscious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She tempers <i>dulcet</i> creams.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sweet to the ear; melodious;
harmonious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their dainty lays and <i>dulcet</i>
melody.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dul`ci*an"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>dulcis</i> sweet.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A sweet-toned stop of an
organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dul`ci*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dulcification</i>.] <def>The act of dulcifying or
sweetening.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dul"ci*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sweetened;
mollified.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dulcified spirit</b></col> or <col><b>spirits</b></col>,
<cd>a compound of alcohol with mineral acids; as, <i>dulcified
spirits</i> of niter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dul*cif"lu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dulcis</i> sweet + <i>fluere</i> to flow.] <def>Flowing
sweetly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dul"ci*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dulcified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dulcifying</u>.] [L. <i>dulcis</i> sweet + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F.
<i>dulcifier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>To
sweeten; to free from acidity, saltness, or acrimony.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig. : To mollify; to sweeten; to
please.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As she . . . was further <i>dulcified</i> by her pipe
of tobacco.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dul*cil"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dulcis</i>
sweet + <i>loqui</i> to speak.] <def>A soft manner of
speaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dul"ci*mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>dolcemele</i>,r Sp. <i>dulcemele</i>, fr. L. <i>dulcis</i> sweet +
<i>melos</i> song, melody, Gr. &?;; cf. OF.  <i>doulcemele</i>. See
<u>Dulcet</u>, and <u>Melody</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An instrument, having stretched metallic wires which are beaten
with two light hammers held in the hands of the performer.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An ancient musical instrument in use among
the Jews. <i>Dan. iii. 5.</i> It is supposed to be the same with the
psaltery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dul*cin"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., from
<i>Dulcinea del Toboso</i> the mistress of the affections of Don
<u>Quixote</u>.] <def>A mistress; a sweetheart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must ever have some <i>Dulcinea</i> in my
head.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dul"ci*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dulceness</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Dul*ci"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>See <u>Dolcino</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dul"cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dulcite</i>, fr. L. <i>dulcis</i> sweet.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white, sugarlike substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>8</sub>.(OH)<sub>2</sub>, occurring naturally in a
manna from Madagascar, and in certain plants, and produced
artificially by the reduction of galactose and lactose or milk
sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dul"ci*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dulcitudo</i>, fr.  <i>dulcis</i> sweet. <def>Sweetness.</def>
[R.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dul"co*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dulcoratus</i>, p. p. of <i>dulcorare</i>, fr. <i>dulcor</i>
sweetness, fr. <i>dulcis</i> sweet.] <def>To sweeten; to make less
acrimonious.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dul`co*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>dulcoratio</i>.] <def>The act of sweetening.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"ledge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>One
of the dowels joining the ends of the fellies which form the circle
of the wheel of a gun carriage.</def>  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Du*li"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. Gr. &?;
servitude, fr. &?; slave.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>An inferior kind
of veneration or worship, given to the angels and saints as the
servants of God.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dull</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Duller</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Dullest</u>.] [AS.
<i>dol</i> foolish; akin to <i>gedwelan</i> to err, D. <i>dol</i>
mad, <i>dwalen</i> to wander, err, G. <i>toll</i> mad, Goth.
<i>dwals</i> foolish, stupid, cf. Gr. &?; turbid, troubled, Skr.
<i>dhvr</i> to cause to fall.  Cf. <u>Dolt</u>, <u>Dwale</u>,
<u>Dwell</u>, <u>Fraud</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Slow of
understanding; wanting readiness of apprehension; stupid; doltish;
blockish.</def> "<i>Dull</i> at classical learning."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She is not bred so <i>dull</i> but she can
learn.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slow in action; sluggish; unready;
awkward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This people's heart is waxed gross, and their ears are
<i>dull</i> of hearing.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, help my weak wit and sharpen my <i>dull</i>
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Insensible; unfeeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Think me not<BR>
So <i>dull</i> a devil to forget the loss<BR>
Of such a matchless wife.</blockquote> <i> Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not keen in edge or point; lacking
sharpness; blunt.</def> "Thy scythe is <i>dull</i>."
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not bright or clear to the eye; wanting in
liveliness of color or luster; not vivid; obscure; dim; as, a
<i>dull</i> fire or lamp; a <i>dull</i> red or yellow; a <i>dull</i>
mirror.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Heavy; gross; cloggy; insensible;
spiritless; lifeless; inert.</def> "The <i>dull</i> earth."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As turning the logs will make a <i>dull</i> fire burn,
so changes of study a <i>dull</i> brain.</blockquote> <i>
Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Furnishing little delight, spirit, or
variety; uninteresting; tedious; cheerless; gloomy; melancholy;
depressing; as, a <i>dull</i> story or sermon; a <i>dull</i>
occupation or period; hence, cloudy; overcast; as, a <i>dull</i>
day.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Along life's <i>dullest</i>, dreariest
walk.</blockquote> <i> Keble.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lifeless; inanimate; dead; stupid; doltish; heavy;
sluggish; sleepy; drowsy; gross; cheerless; tedious; irksome; dismal;
dreary; clouded; tarnished; obtuse. See <u>Lifeless</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dull</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Duller</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dulling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of sharpness of
edge or point.</def> "This . . . <i>dulled</i> their swords."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Borrowing <i>dulls</i> the edge of
husbandry.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make dull, stupid, or sluggish; to
stupefy, as the senses, the feelings, the perceptions, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those [drugs] she has<BR>
Will stupefy and <i>dull</i> the sense a while.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Use and custom have so <i>dulled</i> our
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To render dim or obscure; to sully; to
tarnish.</def> "<i>Dulls</i> the mirror."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of liveliness or activity; to
render heavy; to make inert; to depress; to weary; to
sadden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Attention of mind . . . wasted or <i>dulled</i>
through continuance.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dull</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become dull or
stupid.</def>  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dull"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dull</i> + <i>-
ard</i>.] <def>A stupid person; a dunce.</def> <i>Shak.</i> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stupid.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dull"-brained`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stupid;
doltish.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dull"-browed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
gloomy look.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dull"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, dulls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dull"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having eyes
wanting brightness, liveliness, or vivacity.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dull"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blockhead; a
dolt.</def>  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dull"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat dull;
uninteresting; tiresome.</def> "A series of <i>dullish</i> verses."
<i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dull"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
dull; slowness; stupidity; heaviness; drowsiness; bluntness;
obtuseness; dimness; want of luster; want of vividness, or of
brightness.</def> [Written also <i>dulness</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And gentle <i>dullness</i> ever loves a
joke.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dull"-sight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having poor
eyesight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dull"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dull.</def> [R.]
<i>Gataker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dull"-wit`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Stupid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dul"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dull manner;
stupidly; slowly; sluggishly; without life or spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Supinely calm and <i>dully</i> innocent.</blockquote>
<i> G. Lyttelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du*loc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Doulocracy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dulse</hw> (d&ubreve;ls), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael.
<i>duileasg</i>; <i>duille</i> leaf + <i>uisge</i> water.  Cf.
<u>Whisky</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A seaweed of a reddish brown
color, which is sometimes eaten, as in Scotland. The true dulse is
<i>Sarcophyllis edulis</i>; the common is <i>Rhodymenia</i>. [Written
also <i>dillisk.</i>]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The crimson leaf of the <i>dulse</i> is seen<BR>
To blush like a banner bathed in slaughter.</blockquote>
<i>Percival.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dul"wil*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. imitative.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ring plover.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Du"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a due, fit, or
becoming manner; as it (anything) ought to be; properly;
regularly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dumus</i>
bramble.] <def>Pertaining to, or set with, briers or bushes;
brambly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dumb</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>dumb</i>; akin to
D. <i>dom</i> stupid, dumb, Sw. <i>dumb</i>, Goth. <i>dumbs</i>; cf.
Gr. &?; blind. See <u>Deaf</u>, and cf. <u>Dummy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of the power of speech; unable; to
utter articulate sounds; as, the <i>dumb</i> brutes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To unloose the very tongues even of <i>dumb</i>
creatures.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not willing to speak; mute; silent; not
speaking; not accompanied by words; as, <i>dumb</i> show.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This spirit, <i>dumb</i> to us, will speak to
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To pierce into the <i>dumb</i> past.</blockquote> <i>
J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lacking brightness or clearness, as a
color.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her stern was painted of a <i>dumb</i> white or dun
color.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Deaf and dumb</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Deaf-mute</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dumb ague</b></col>, or <col><b>Dumb chill</b></col>, <cd>a
form of intermittent fever which has no well-defined "chill."</cd>
[U.S.] -- <col><b>Dumb animal</b></col>, <cd>any animal except man; -
- usually restricted to a domestic quadruped; -- so called in
contradistinction to man, who is a "speaking animal."</cd> --
<col><b>Dumb cake</b></col>, <cd>a cake made in silence by girls on
St. Mark's eve, with certain mystic ceremonies, to discover their
future husbands.</cd> <i>Halliwell.</i> -- <col><b>Dumb
cane</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a west Indian plant of the Arum
family (<i>Dieffenbachia seguina</i>), which, when chewed, causes the
tongue to swell, and destroys temporarily the power of speech.</cd> -
- <col><b>Dumb crambo</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>crambo</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dumb show</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Formerly, a part
of a dramatic representation, shown in pantomime.</cd> "Inexplicable
<i>dumb shows</i> and noise." <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Signs and gestures without words; as, to tell a story in <i>dumb
show</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike dumb</b></col>, <cd>to confound;
to astonish; to render silent by astonishment; or, it may be, to
deprive of the power of speech.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Silent; speechless; noiseless. See <u>Mute</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dumb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put to
silence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dumb"-bell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A weight,
consisting of two spheres or spheroids, connected by a short bar for
a handle; used (often in pairs) for gymnastic exercise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dum"ble*dor`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The first part is
prob. of imitative origin. See <u>Dor</u> a beetle.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bumblebee; also, a cockchafer.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Dumb"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In silence;
mutely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dumb"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being dumb; muteness; silence; inability to speak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dumb"-wait`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A framework
on which dishes, food, etc., are passed from one room or story of a
house to another; a lift for dishes, etc.; also, a piece of furniture
with movable or revolving shelves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"me*tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>dumetum</i> a thicket.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Dumose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dum"found`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dumfounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dumfounding</u>.] <def>To strike dumb; to confuse with
astonishment.</def> [Written also <i>dumbfound</i>.]
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dum"found`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
dumfound; to confound.</def> [Written also <i>dumbfounder</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dum"ma*dor`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dumbledor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dum"mer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who feigns
dumbness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dum"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Dumb</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Silent; mute; noiseless; as a <i>dummy</i>
engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fictitious or sham; feigned; as, a
<i>dummy</i> watch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dummy car</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Car</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dum"my</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dummies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is
dumb.</def>  <i>H. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sham package in a shop, or one which
does not contain what its exterior indicates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An imitation or copy of something, to be
used as a substitute; a model; a lay figure; as, a figure on which
clothing is exhibited in shop windows; a blank paper copy used to
show the size of the future book, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Drama)</i> <def>One who plays a merely
nominal part in any action; a sham character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A thick-witted person; a dolt.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A locomotive with
condensing engines, and, hence, without the noise of escaping steam;
also, a dummy car.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>The fourth or
exposed hand when three persons play at a four-handed game of
cards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A floating barge connected with a
pier.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To play dummy</b></col>, <cd>to play the exposed or dummy
hand in cards. The partner of the dummy plays it.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Du`mose"</hw> (?), <hw>Du"mous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dumosus</i>, fr. <i>dumus</i> a
thornbush, a bramble.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with bushes
and briers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a compact, bushy
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dumpling</u>.]
<def>A thick, ill-shapen piece; a clumsy leaden counter used by boys
in playing chuck farthing.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dump</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. Sw.  <i>dumpin</i>
melancholy, Dan. <i>dump</i> dull, low, D. <i>dompig</i> damp, G.
<i>dumpf</i> damp, dull, gloomy, and E. <i>damp</i>, or rather perh.
<i>dump</i>, v. t.  Cf. <u>Damp</u>, or <u>Dump</u>,    <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dull, gloomy state of the
mind; sadness; melancholy; low spirits; despondency; ill humor; --
now used only in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>March slowly on in solemn <i>dump</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Doleful <i>dumps</i> the mind oppress.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I was musing in the midst of my
<i>dumps</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><! p. 461 !></p>

<p>&fist; The ludicrous associations now attached to this word did
not originally belong to it. "Holland's translation of Livy
represents the Romans as being `in the <i>dumps'</i> after the battle
of Cann&aelig;."  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Absence of mind; revery.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A melancholy strain or tune in music; any
tune.</def>  [Obs.] "Tune a deploring <i>dump</i>."  "Play me some
merry <i>dump</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An old kind of dance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dump</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dumped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dumping</u>.] [OE. <i>dumpen</i> to throw down, fall down, cf.
Icel. <i>dumpa</i> to thump, Dan.  <i>dumpe</i> to fall suddenly,
rush, dial. Sw.  <i>dimpa</i> to fall down plump.  Cf. <u>Dump</u>
sadness.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To knock heavily; to stump.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put or throw down with more or less of
violence; hence, to unload from a cart by tilting it; as, to
<i>dump</i> sand, coal, etc.</def> [U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dumping car</b></col> or <col><b>cart</b></col>, <cd>a
railway car, or a cart, the body of which can be tilted to empty the
contents; -- called also <i>dump car</i>, or <i>dump
cart</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dump</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A car
or boat for dumping refuse, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ground or place for dumping ashes,
refuse, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is dumped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A pile of ore or
rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dump"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of dumping loads from carts, especially loads of refuse
matter; also, a heap of dumped matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fee paid for the privilege of dumping
loads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dump"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being dumpy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dump"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dull; stupid; sad;
moping; melancholy.</def> " A . . . <i>dumpish</i> and sour life."
<i>Lord Herbert.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Dump"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Dump"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dum"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Dumpling</u>.] <def>To make dumpy; to fold, or bend, as one part
over another.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was a little man, <i>dumpled</i> up
together.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dump"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dimin. of
<i>dump</i> an illshapen piece; cf. D.  <i>dompelen</i> to plunge,
dip, duck, Scot. to <i>dump in</i> to plunge into, and E.
<i>dump</i>, v. t.] <def>A roundish mass of dough boiled in soup, or
as a sort of pudding; often, a cover of paste inclosing an apple or
other fruit, and boiled or baked; as, an apple
<i>dumpling</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dump"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Dumpier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Dumpiest</u>.] [<sn><b>1.</b></sn> From
<u>Dump</u> a short ill-shapen piece. <sn><b>2.</b></sn> From
<u>Dump</u> sadness.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Short and thick; of low
stature and disproportionately stout.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sullen or discontented.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Dune</u>.] <def>A
mound or small hill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dun</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cure, as codfish, in
a particular manner, by laying them, after salting, in a pile in a
dark place, covered with salt grass or some like substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dun</hw> (d&ubreve;n), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Dunned</u> (d&ubreve;nd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dunning</u>
(d&ubreve;n"n&ibreve;ng).] [AS. <i>dyne</i> noise, <i>dynian</i> to
make a noise, or fr. Icel. <i>dynr</i>, <i>duna</i>, noise, thunder,
<i>duna</i> to thunder; the same word as E. <i>din</i>. &radic;74.
See <u>Din</u>.] <def>To ask or beset, as a debtor, for payment; to
urge importunately.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath she sent so soon to <i>dun</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dun</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
duns; a dunner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be pulled by the sleeve by some rascally
<i>dun</i>.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An urgent request or demand of payment;
as, he sent his debtor a <i>dun</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dun</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>dunn</i>, of Celtic
origin; cf. W. <i>dwn</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>donn</i>.] <def>Of a dark
color; of a color partaking of a brown and black; of a dull brown
color; swarthy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Summer's <i>dun</i> cloud comes thundering
up.</blockquote> <i> Pierpont.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Chill and <i>dun</i><BR>
Falls on the moor the brief November day.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dun crow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hooded
crow; -- so called from its color; -- also called <i>hoody</i>, and
<i>hoddy</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dun diver</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the goosander or merganser.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dun"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from its
color.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The pochard; --
called also <i>dunair</i>, and <i>dunker</i>, or <i>dun-
curre</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An American duck; the ruddy
duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dunce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Joannes <i>Duns</i>
Scotus, a schoolman called the <i>Subtle Doctor</i>, who died in
1308. Originally in the phrase "a Duns man". See Note below.]
<def>One backward in book learning; a child or other person dull or
weak in intellect; a dullard; a dolt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I never knew this town without <i>dunces</i> of
figure.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The schoolmen were often called, after their great leader
Duns Scotus, <i>Dunsmen</i> or <i>Duncemen</i>. In the revival of
learning they were violently opposed to classical studies; hence, the
name of Dunce was applied with scorn and contempt to an opposer of
learning, or to one slow at learning, a dullard.</p>

<p><hw>Dunce"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The realm or
domain of dunces.</def> [Jocose]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dun"cer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dullness;
stupidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dun"ci*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a dunce;
duncish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most dull and <i>duncical</i>
commissioner.</blockquote> <i> Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dun"ci*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Dunce</i> +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To make stupid in intellect.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dun"cish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat like a
dunce.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>-- <wf>Dun"cish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dun"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>redundar</i> to overflow.] <def>The lees or dregs of cane juice,
used in the distillation of rum.</def> [West Indies]</p>

<p><blockquote>The use of <i>dunder</i> in the making of rum answers
the purpose of yeast in the fermentation of flour.</blockquote> <i>B.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dun"der*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. Eng. also
<i>dunderpoll</i>, from <i>dunder</i>, same as <i>thunder</i>.]
<def>A dunce; a numskull; a blockhead.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dun"der-head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thick-headed;
stupid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dun"der*pate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dunderhead</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dune</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same word as
<i>down</i>: cf. D. <i>duin</i>. See <u>Down</u> a bank of sand.]
<def>A low hill of drifting sand usually formed on the coats, but
often carried far inland by the prevailing winds.</def> [Written also
<i>dun</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Three great rivers, the Rhine, the Meuse, and the
Scheldt, had deposited their slime for ages among the <i>dunes</i> or
sand banks heaved up by the ocean around their mouths.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dun"fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Codfish cured in
a particular manner, so as to be of a superior quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dung</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>dung</i>; akin to
G. <i>dung</i>, <i>d&uuml;nger</i>, OHG. <i>tunga</i>, Sw.
<i>dynga</i>; cf. Icel. <i>dyngja</i> heap, Dan. <i>dynge</i>, MHG.
<i>tunc</i> underground dwelling place, orig., covered with dung.
Cf. <u>Dingy</u>.] <def>The excrement of an animal.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dung</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dunged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dunging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To manure with dung.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Calico Print.)</i> <def>To immerse or
steep, as calico, in a bath of hot water containing cow dung; -- done
to remove the superfluous mordant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dung</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To void
excrement.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dun`ga*ree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coarse kind
of unbleached cotton stuff.</def> [Written also <i>dungari</i>.]
[India]</p>

<p><hw>Dun"geon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>donjoun</i>
highest tower of a castle, tower, prison, F. <i>donjon</i> tower or
platform in the midst of a castle, turret, or closet on the top of a
house, a keep of a castle, LL. <i>domnio</i>, the same word as LL.
<i>dominus</i> lord. See <u>Dame</u>, <u>Don</u>, and cf.
<u>Dominion</u>, <u>Domain</u>, <u>Demesne</u>, <u>Danger</u>,
<u>Donjon</u>.] <def>A close, dark prison, common&?;, under ground,
as if the lower apartments of the <i>donjon</i> or keep of a castle,
these being used as prisons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Down with him even into the deep
<i>dungeon</i>.</blockquote> <i> Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Year after year he lay patiently in a
<i>dungeon</i>.</blockquote> <i> Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dun"geon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shut up in a
dungeon.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dung"fork`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fork for
tossing dung.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dung"hill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A heap of dung.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any mean situation or condition; a vile
abode.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . lifteth up the beggar from the
<i>dunghill</i>.</blockquote> <i> 1. Sam. ii. 8.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dunghill fowl</b></col>, <cd>a domestic fowl of common
breed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dung"meer`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Dung</i> +
(prob.) <i>meer</i> a pool.] <def>A pit where dung and weeds rot for
manure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dung"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of dung;
filthy; vile; low.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dung"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yard where
dung is collected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dun"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>tunken</i> to
dip.] <def>One of a religious denomination whose tenets and practices
are mainly those of the Baptists, but partly those of the Quakers; --
called also <i>Tunkers</i>, <i>Dunkards</i>, <i>Dippers</i>, and, by
themselves, <i>Brethren</i>, and <i>German Baptists</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The denomination was founded in Germany in 1708, but after
a few years the members emigrated to the United States.</p>

<p><col><b>Seventh-day Dunkers</b></col>, <cd>a sect which separated
from the Dunkers and formed a community, in 1728. They keep the
seventh day or Saturday as the Sabbath.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dun"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. of Celtic
origin; cf. Gael. <i>dun</i> hill (E. <i>dune</i>), and <i>linne</i>
pool, pond, lake, E. <i>lin</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species
of sandpiper (<i>Tringa alpina</i>); -- called also <i>churr</i>,
<i>dorbie</i>, <i>grass bird</i>, and <i>red-backed sandpiper</i>. It
is found both in Europe and America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dun"nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Dun</u> a
mound.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Fagots, boughs, or loose materials of any
kind, laid on the bottom of the hold for the cargo to rest upon to
prevent injury by water, or stowed among casks and other cargo to
prevent their motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dun"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Dun</u> to ask
payment from.] <def>One employed in soliciting the payment of
debts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dun"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to a dun
color.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dun"nock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Dun</u>,<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hedge
sparrow or hedge accentor.</def> [Local, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Dun"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deaf;
stupid.</def>[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My old dame Joan is something <i>dunny</i>, and will
scarce know how to manage.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<u>Dint</u>.] <def>A
blow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R. of Glouc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dunt"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beaten; hence,
blunted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fencer's swords . . . having the edge
<i>dunted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dun"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A porpoise.</def> [Scott.]</p>

<p><col><b>Dunter goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>the eider
duck.</cd>  <i>J. Brand.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>duo</i>, fr. L.
<i>duo</i> two. See <u>Duet</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A composition
for two performers; a duet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du`o*dec`a*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<hw>Du`o*dec`a*he"dron</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dodecahedral</u>, and <u>Dodecahedron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du`o*de*cen"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>duodecennis</i>; <i>duodecim</i> twelve + <i>annus</i> year.]
<def>Consisting of twelve years.</def> [R.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du`o*dec"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>duodecim</i> twelve. See <u>Dozen</u>.] <def>Proceeding in
computation by twelves; expressed in the scale of twelves.</def> --
<wf>Du`o*dec"i*mal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Du`o*dec"i*mal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A twelfth part; as, the <i>duodecimals</i> of an inch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A system of
numbers, whose denominations rise in a scale of twelves, as of feet
and inches. The system is used chiefly by artificers in computing the
superficial and solid contents of their work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du`o*dec"im*fid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>duodecim</i> twelve + <i>findere</i> to cleave.] <def>Divided into
twelve parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du`o*dec"i*mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>in
duodecimo</i> in twelfth, fr. <i>duodecimus twelfth</i>, <i>fr</i>.
<i>duodecim</i> twelve. See <u>Dozen</u>.] <def>Having twelve leaves
to a sheet; as, a <i>duodecimo</i> from, book, leaf, size,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du*o*dec"i*mo</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Duodecimos</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A book consisting of sheets
each of which is folded into twelve leaves; hence, indicating, more
or less definitely, a size of a book; -- usually written 12mo or
12&deg;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du`o*dec"u*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>duo</i>
two + &?; <i>decuple</i>.] <def>Consisting of twelves.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du`o*de"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>duod&eacute;nal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the duodenum; as,
<i>duodenal</i> digestion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du`o*den"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>duodenarius</i>, fr. <i>duodeni</i> twelve each: cf. F.
<i>duod&eacute;naire</i>.] <def>Containing twelve; twelvefold;
increasing by twelves; duodecimal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Du`o*de"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>duodeni</i> twelve each: cf. F. <i>duodenum</i>. So called because
its length is about twelve fingers' breadth.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
part of the small intestines between the stomach and the jejunum. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <i>Digestive apparatus</i>, under
<u>Digestive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du`o*lit"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>duo</i>
two + E.  <i>literal</i>.] <def>Consisting of two letters only;
biliteral.</def>  <i>Stuart.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Duo"mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See <u>Done</u>.]
<def>A cathedral. See <u>Dome</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of tower or <i>duomo</i>, sunny sweet.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dup</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Contr. fr. <i>do
up</i>, that is, to lift up the latch.  Cf. <u>Don</u>, <u>Doff</u>.]
<def>To open; as, to <i>dup</i> the door.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dup"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
duped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dupe</hw> (d&umacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prob. from
Prov. F.  <i>dupe</i>, <i>dube</i>; of unknown origin; equiv. to F.
<i>huppe</i> hoopoe, a foolish bird, easily caught.  Cf. Armor.
<i>houp&eacute;rik</i> hoopoe, a man easily deceived.  Cf. also
<u>Gull</u>, <u>Booby</u>.] <def>One who has been deceived or who is
easily deceived; a gull; as, the <i>dupe</i> of a schemer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dupe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Duped</u> (d&umacr;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Duping</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>duper</i>, fr. <i>dupe</i>.
See <u>Dupe</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To deceive; to trick; to
mislead by imposing on one's credulity; to gull; as, <i>dupe</i> one
by flattery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ne'er have I <i>duped</i> him with base
counterfeits.</blockquote> <i> Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dup"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who dupes
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dup"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>duperie</i>,
fr. <i>duper</i>.] <def>The act or practice of duping.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Du"pi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>doupion</i>,
It. <i>doppione</i>, fr. <i>doppio</i> double, L. <i>duplus</i>. See
<u>Double</u>, and cf. <u>Doubloon</u>.] <def>A double cocoon, made
by two silkworms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>duplus</i>. See
<u>Double</u>.] <def>Double.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Duple ratio</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>that in which
the antecedent term is double the consequent, as of 2 to 1, 8 to 4,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Du"plex</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., fr.  <i>duo</i>
two + <i>plicare</i> to fold. See <u>Two</u>, and <u>Complex</u>.]
<def>Double; twofold.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Duplex escapement</b></col>, <cd>a peculiar kind of watch
escapement, in which the scape-wheel has two sets of teeth. See
<u>Escapement</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Duplex lathe</b></col>, <cd>one
for turning off, screwing, and surfacing, by means of two cutting
tools, on opposite sides of the piece operated upon.</cd> --
<col><b>Duplex pumping engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam pump in which
two steam cylinders are placed side by side, one operating the valves
of the other.</cd> -- <col><b>Duplex querela</b></col> [L., double
complaint] <i>(Eccl. Law)</i>, <cd>a complaint in the nature of an
appeal from the ordinary to his immediate superior, as from a bishop
to an archbishop.</cd> <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i> -- <col><b>Duplex
telegraphy</b></col>, <cd>a system of telegraphy for sending two
messages over the same wire simultaneously.</cd> -- <col><b>Duplex
watch</b></col>, <cd>one with a duplex escapement.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Du"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>duplicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>duplicare</i> to double, fr.
<i>duplex</i> double, twofold. See <u>Duplex</u>.] <def>Double;
twofold.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Duplicate proportion</b></col> or <col><b>ratio</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the proportion or ratio of squares. Thus, in
geometrical proportion, the first term to the third is said to be in
a <i>duplicate</i> ratio of the first to the second, or as its square
is to the square of the second. Thus, in 2, 4, 8, 16, the ratio of 2
to 8 is a <i>duplicate</i> of that of 2 to 4, or as the square of 2
is to the square of 4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Du"pli*cate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which exactly resembles or corresponds to something else;
another, correspondent to the first; hence, a copy; a transcript; a
counterpart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I send a <i>duplicate</i> both of it and my last
dispatch.</blockquote> <i> Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An original instrument
repeated; a document which is the same as another in all essential
particulars, and differing from a mere copy in having all the
validity of an original.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Duplicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Duplicating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To double;
to fold; to render double.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a duplicate of (something); to
make a copy or transcript of.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To divide into two by
natural growth or spontaneous action; as, infusoria <i>duplicate</i>
themselves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du`pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>duplicatio</i>: cf. F. <i>duplication</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of duplicating, or the state of being duplicated; a
doubling; a folding over; a fold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The act or process of
dividing by natural growth or spontaneous action; as, the
<i>duplication</i> of cartilage cells.</def>  <i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Duplication of the cube</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the
operation of finding a cube having a volume which is double that of a
given cube.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Du"pli*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality of duplicating or
doubling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the quality of
subdividing into two by natural growth.</def> "<i>Duplicative</i>
subdivision."  <i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"pli*ca*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>duplicature</i>.] <def>A doubling; a fold, as of a
membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du*plic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Duplicities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>duplicit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>duplicitas</i>, fr. <i>duplex</i> double. See <u>Duplex</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Doubleness; a twofold state.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Do not affect <i>duplicities</i> nor triplicities, nor
any certain number of parts in your division of things.</blockquote>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Doubleness of heart or speech;
insincerity; a sustained form of deception which consists in
entertaining or pretending to entertain one set of feelings, and
acting as if influenced by another; bad faith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Far from the <i>duplicity</i> wickedly charged on him,
he acted his part with alacrity and resolution.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><! p. 462 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The use
of two or more distinct allegations or answers, where one is
sufficient.</def> <i>Blackstone.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In
indictments, the union of two incompatible offenses.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Double dealing; dissimulation; deceit; guile;
deception; falsehood.</p>

<p><hw>Dup"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Dubber</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dur</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [G., fr. L. <i>durus</i>
hard, firm, vigorous.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Major; in the major mode;
as, C <i>dur</i>, that is, C major.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Du"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Short form for
<u>Dura mater</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du`ra*bil"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>durabilitas</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being durable; the
power of uninterrupted or long continuance in any condition; the
power of resisting agents or influences which tend to cause changes,
decay, or dissolution; lastingness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A Gothic cathedral raises ideas of grandeur in our
minds by the size, its height, . . . its antiquity, and its
<i>durability</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>durabilis</i>,
fr. <i>durare</i> to last: cf. F. <i>durable</i>. See <u>Dure</u>.]
<def>Able to endure or continue in a particular condition; lasting;
not perishable or changeable; not wearing out or decaying soon;
enduring; as, <i>durable</i> cloth; <i>durable</i>
happiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Riches and honor are with me; yea, <i>durable</i>
riches and righteousness.</blockquote> <i>Prov. viii. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An interest which from its object and grounds must be
so <i>durable</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lasting; permanent; enduring; firm; stable;
continuing; constant; persistent. See <u>Lasting</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Du"ra*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Power of
lasting, enduring, or resisting; durability.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>durableness</i> of the metal that supports
it.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"ra*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lasting
manner; with long continuance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the dura, or dura mater.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Du"ra ma"ter</hw> (?). [L., lit., hard mother. The membrane
was called <i>mater</i>, or mother, because it was formerly thought
to give rise to every membrane of the body.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
tough, fibrous membrane, which lines the cavity of the skull and
spinal column, and surrounds the brain and spinal cord; -- frequently
abbreviated to <i>dura</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Du*ra"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., hardness, a
hardened, <i>i. e.</i>, ligneous, vine branch, fr. <i>durare</i> to
harden. See <u>Dure</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The heartwood of an
exogenous tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dur"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>durance</i>
duration, fr. L. <i>durans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. <i>durare</i>
to endure, last. See <u>Dure</u>, and cf. <u>Durant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Continuance; duration. See
<u>Endurance</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of how short <i>durance</i> was this new-made
state!</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Imprisonment; restraint of the person;
custody by a jailer; duress. <i>Shak</i>.</def> "<i>Durance</i>
vile."  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>durance</i>, exile, Bedlam or the
mint.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A stout cloth stuff,
formerly made in imitation of buff leather and used for garments; a
sort of tammy or everlasting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where didst thou buy this buff? let me not live but I
will give thee a good suit of <i>durance</i>.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In modern manufacture, a worsted of one
color used for window blinds and similar purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dur"an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Duration.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dur"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>durant</i>, p.
pr. of <i>durer</i> to last.  Cf. <u>Durance</u>.] <def>See
<u>Durance</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Du*ran"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [L., abl. case
of the p. pr. of <i>durare</i> to last.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>During;
as, <i>durante vita</i>, during life; <i>durante bene placito</i>,
during pleasure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>duration</i>. See <u>Dure</u>.] <def>The state or quality of
lasting; continuance in time; the portion of time during which
anything exists.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was proposed that the <i>duration</i> of Parliament
should be limited.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Soon shall have passed our own human
<i>duration</i>.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dur"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Continuing; not
completed; implying duration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Its <i>durative</i> tense, which expresses the thought
of it as going on.</blockquote> <i>J. Byrne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dur"bar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>darb&amacr;r</i>, fr. Per <i>dar&?;&amacr;r</i> house, court, hall
of audience; <i>dar</i> door, gate + <i>b&amacr;r</i> court,
assembly.] <def>An audience hall; the court of a native prince; a
state levee; a formal reception of native princes, given by the
governor general of India.</def> [India] [Written also
<i>darbar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Dure</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>durus</i>; akin to
Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>dur &?;</i>, stubborn, W. <i>dir</i> certain, sure,
cf. Gr. &?; force.] <def>Hard; harsh; severe; rough; toilsome.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The winter is severe, and life is <i>dure</i> and
rude.</blockquote> <i>W. H. Russell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dure</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>durer</i>, L.
<i>durare</i> to harden, be hardened, to endure, last, fr.
<i>durus</i> hard. See <u>Dure</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To
last; to continue; to endure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet hath he not root in himself, but <i>dureth</i> for
a while.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiii. 21.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dure"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lasting.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dure"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not lasting.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"rene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>durus</i> hard;
-- so called because solid at ordinary temperatures.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A colorless, crystalline, aromatic hydrocarbon,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>2</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>, off
artificial production, with an odor like camphor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>duresse</i>,
<i>du&?;</i>, hardship, severity, L. <i>duritia</i>, <i>durities</i>,
fr. <i>durus</i> hard. See <u>Dure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hardship; constraint; pressure; imprisonment; restraint of
liberty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The agreements . . . made with the landlords during
the time of slavery, are only the effect of <i>duress</i> and
force.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The state of compulsion or
necessity in which a person is influenced, whether by the unlawful
restrain of his liberty or by actual or threatened physical violence,
to incur a civil liability or to commit an offense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du*ress"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To subject to
duress.</def> "The party <i>duressed</i>."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du*ress"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who subjects another to duress</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dur"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Myth.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Doorga</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dur"ham</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One or a breed of
short-horned cattle, originating in the county of Durham, England.
The Durham cattle are noted for their beef-producing
quality.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Du"ri*an</hw> (?), or <hw>Du"ri*on</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of the durio. It is
oval or globular, and eight or ten inches long. It has a hard prickly
rind, containing a soft, cream-colored pulp, of a most delicious
flavor and a very offensive odor. The seeds are roasted and eaten
like chestnuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dur"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [Orig., p. pr. of
<i>dure</i>.] <def>In the time of; as long as the action or existence
of; as, <i>during</i> life; <i>during</i> the space of a
year.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Du"ri*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Malay
<i>d&?;ri</i> thorn.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fruit tree (<i>D.
zibethinus</i>, the only species known) of the Indian Archipelago. It
bears the durian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>duritas</i>,
fr. <i>durus</i> hard.] [Obs.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hardness;
firmness.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Harshness; cruelty.</def>
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>durus</i>
hard + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the degree of
hardness; especially, an instrument for testing the relative hardness
of steel rails and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>durus</i>.]
<def>Hard.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><hw>Dur"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>dhorra</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of millet, cultivated throughout Asia, and
introduced into the south of Europe; a variety of <i>Sorghum
vulgare</i>; -- called also <i>Indian millet</i>, and <i>Guinea
corn</i>.</def> [Written also <i>dhoorra</i>, <i>dhurra</i>,
<i>doura</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Durst</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <def>of <u>Dare</u>.
See <u>Dare</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>||Du`ru*ku"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, nocturnal, South American monkey
(<i>Nyctipthecus trivirgatus</i>).</def> [Written also
<i>douroucouli</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Du*ryl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, allied to, or derived from, durene; as,
<i>durylic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A demon or spirit.
See <u>Deuce</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dusk</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dusc</i>,
<i>dosc</i>, <i>deosc</i>; cf. dial. Sw. <i>duska</i> to drizzle,
<i>dusk</i> a slight shower. &?;&?;&?;.] <def>Tending to darkness or
blackness; moderately dark or black; dusky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A pathless desert, <i>dusk</i> with horrid
shades.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dusk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Imperfect obscurity; a middle degree between light and darkness;
twilight; as, the <i>dusk</i> of the evening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A darkish color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose <i>duck</i> set off the whiteness of the
skin.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dusk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make dusk.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>After the sun is up, that shadow which <i>dusketh</i>
the light of the moon must needs be under the earth.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dusk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow dusk.</def>
[R.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dusk"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make dusk or
obscure.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not utterly defaced, but only
<i>duskened</i>.</blockquote> <i>Nicolls.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dusk"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dusky
manner.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dusk"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
dusky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dusk"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat dusky.</def>
" <i>Duskish</i> smoke." <i>Spenser.</i> -- <wf>Dusk"ish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Dusk"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dusk"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Duskiness.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dusk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Partially dark or obscure; not luminous; dusk; as, a
<i>dusky</i> valley.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through <i>dusky</i> lane and wrangling
mart.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to blackness in color; partially
black; dark-colored; not bright; as, a <i>dusky</i> brown.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When Jove in <i>dusky</i> clouds involves the
sky.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The figure of that first ancestor invested by family
tradition with a dim and <i>dusky</i> grandeur.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gloomy; sad; melancholy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>dusky</i> scene of horror, this melancholy
prospect.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Intellectually clouded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though <i>dusky</i> wits dare scorn
astrology.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dust</hw> (d&ubreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>dust</i>; cf. LG. <i>dust</i>, D. <i>duist</i> meal dust, OD.
<i>doest</i>, <i>donst</i>, and G. <i>dunst</i> vapor, OHG.
<i>tunist</i>, <i>dunist</i>, a blowing, wind, Icel. <i>dust</i>
dust, Dan. <i>dyst</i> mill dust; perh. akin to L. <i>fumus</i>
smoke, E. <i>fume</i>. &radic;71.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fine, dry
particles of earth or other matter, so comminuted that they may be
raised and wafted by the wind; that which is crumbled to minute
portions; fine powder; as, clouds of <i>dust</i>; bone
<i>dust</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dust</i> thou art, and unto <i>dust</i> shalt thou
return.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Stop! -- for thy tread is on an empire's
<i>dust</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A single particle of earth or other
matter.</def> [R.] "To touch a <i>dust</i> of England's ground."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The earth, as the resting place of the
dead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For now shall sleep in the <i>dust</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Job vii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The earthy remains of bodies once alive;
the remains of the human body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And you may carve a shrine about my
<i>dust</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, a worthless thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And by the merit of vile gold, dross,
<i>dust</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, a low or mean
condition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[God] raiseth up the poor out of the
<i>dust</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. ii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Gold dust</def>; hence: (Slang)
<def>Coined money; cash.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Down with the dust</b></col>, <cd>deposit the cash; pay
down the money.</cd>  [Slang] "My lord, quoth the king, presently
deposit your hundred pounds in gold, or else no going hence all the
days of your life. . . . The Abbot <i>down with his dust</i>, and
glad he escaped so, returned to Reading." <i>Fuller.</i> --
<col><b>Dust brand</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a fungous plant
(<i>Ustilago Carbo</i>); -- called also <i>smut</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Gold dust</b></col>, <cd>fine particles of gold, such as are
obtained in placer mining; -- often used as money, being transferred
by weight.</cd> -- <col><b>In dust and ashes</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Ashes</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To bite the dust</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Bite</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>raise, or kick up, dust</b></col>,
<cd>to make a commotion.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To throw dust in
one's eyes</b></col>, <cd>to mislead; to deceive.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Dust</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dusted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dusting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To free from dust; to brush,
wipe, or sweep away dust from; as, to <i>dust</i> a table or a
floor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle with dust.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to a fine powder; to
levigate.</def>  <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dyst one's jacket</b></col>, <cd>to give one a
flogging.</cd> [Slang.]</p>

<p><hw>Dust"brush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brush of
feathers, bristles, or hair, for removing dust from
furniture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dust"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, dusts; a utensil that frees from
dust.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Paper Making)</i>
<def>A revolving wire-cloth cylinder which removes the dust from
rags, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Milling)</i> <def>A blowing
machine for separating the flour from the bran.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A light over-garment, worn in traveling to
protect the clothing from dust.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dust"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being dusty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dust"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without dust; as a
<i>dustless</i> path.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dust"man</hw> (-m&abreve;n), <pos><i>p.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dustmen</b></plw> (-m&ebreve;n). <def>One whose employment is
to remove dirt and refuse.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dust"pan`</hw> (-p&abreve;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
shovel-like utensil for conveying away dust brushed from the
floor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dust"-point`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old rural
game.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With any boy at <i>dust-point</i> they shall
play.</blockquote> <i>Peacham (1620).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dust"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Dustier</u> (-&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Dustiest</u> (-&ibreve;*&ebreve;st).]
[AS. <i>dystig</i>. See <u>Dust</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Filled,
covered, or sprinkled with dust; clouded with dust; as, a
<i>dusty</i> table; also, reducing to dust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And all our yesterdays have lighted fools<BR>
The way to <i>dusty</i> death.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like dust; of the color of dust; as, a
<i>dusty</i> white.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dusty miller</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant
(<i>Cineraria maritima</i>); -- so called because of the ashy-white
coating of its leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dutch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [D. <i>duitsch</i>
German; or G. <i>deutsch</i>, orig., popular, national, OD.
<i>dietsc</i>, MHG. <i>diutsch</i>, <i>tiutsch</i>, OHG.
<i>diutisk</i>, fr. <i>diot</i>, <i>diota</i>, a people, a nation;
akin to AS. <i>pe&oacute;d</i>, OS. <i>thiod</i>, <i>thioda</i>,
Goth. <i>piuda</i>; cf. Lith. <i>tauta</i> land, OIr. <i>tuath</i>
people, Oscan <i>touto</i>. The English have applied the name
especially to the Germanic people living nearest them, the
Hollanders.  Cf. <u>Derrick</u>, <u>Teutonic</u>.] <def>Pertaining to
Holland, or to its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dutch auction</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Auction</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dutch cheese</b></col>, <cd>a small,
pound, hard cheese, made from skim milk.</cd> -- <col><b>Dutch
clinker</b></col>, <cd>a kind of brick made in Holland. It is
yellowish, very hard, and long and narrow in shape.</cd> --
<col><b>Dutch clover</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>common white clover
(<i>Trifolium repens</i>), the seed of which was largely imported
into England from Holland.</cd> -- <col><b>Dutch concert</b></col>,
<cd>a so-called concert in which all the singers sing at the same
time different songs.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>Dutch
courage</b></col>, <cd>the courage of partial intoxication.</cd>
[Slang] <i>Marryat.</i> -- <col><b>Dutch door</b></col>, <cd>a door
divided into two parts, horizontally, so arranged that the lower part
can be shut and fastened, while the upper part remains open.</cd> --
<col><b>Dutch foil</b></col>, <col><b>Dutch leaf</b></col>, or
<col><b>Dutch gold</b></col>, <cd>a kind of brass rich in copper,
rolled or beaten into thin sheets, used in Holland to ornament toys
and paper; -- called also <i>Dutch mineral</i>, <i>Dutch metal</i>,
<i>brass foil</i>, and <i>bronze leaf</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dutch
liquid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a thin, colorless, volatile
liquid, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>, of a sweetish taste
and a pleasant ethereal odor, produced by the union of chlorine and
ethylene or olefiant gas; -- called also <i>Dutch oil</i>. It is so
called because discovered (in 1795) by an association of four
Hollandish chemists. See <u>Ethylene</u>, and <u>Olefiant</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Dutch oven</b></col>, <cd>a tin screen for baking before an
open fire or kitchen range; also, in the United States, a shallow
iron kettle for baking, with a cover to hold burning coals.</cd> --
<col><b>Dutch pink</b></col>, <cd>chalk, or whiting dyed yellow, and
used in distemper, and for paper staining. etc.</cd> <i>Weale.</i> --
<col><b>Dutch rush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of
horsetail rush or Equisetum (<i>E. hyemale</i>) having a rough,
siliceous surface, and used for scouring and polishing; -- called
also <i>scouring rush</i>, and <i>shave grass</i>. See
<u>Equisetum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dutch tile</b></col>, <cd>a glazed
and painted ornamental tile, formerly much exported, and used in the
jambs of chimneys and the like.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Dutch</i> was formerly used for <i>German</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Germany is slandered to have sent none to this war
[the Crusades] at this first voyage; and that other pilgrims, passing
through that country, were mocked by the <i>Dutch</i>, and called
fools for their pains.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dutch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i>
<def>The people of Holland; Dutchmen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language spoken in Holland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dutch"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dutchmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A native, or one of the
people, of Holland.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dutchman's breeches</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
perennial American herb (<i>Dicentra cucullaria</i>), with peculiar
double-spurred flowers. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Dicentra</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Dutchman's laudanum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West
Indian passion flower (<i>Passiflora Murucuja</i>); also, its
fruit.</cd> -- <col><b>Dutchman's pipe</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an American twining shrub (<i>Aristolochia Sipho</i>). Its
flowers have their calyx tubes curved like a tobacco pipe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Du"te*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Duty</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fulfilling duty; dutiful; having the
sentiments due to a superior, or to one to whom respect or service is
owed; obedient; as, a <i>duteous</i> son or daughter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subservient; obsequious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Duteous</i> to the vices of thy
mistress.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Du"te*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Du"te*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Du"ti*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Duty</u>.]
<def>Subject to the payment of a duty; as <i>dutiable</i>
goods.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All kinds of <i>dutiable</i> merchandise.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"tied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subjected to a
duty.</def>  <i>Ames.</i></p>

<p><hw>Du"ti*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Performing, or ready to perform, the duties required by one who
has the right to claim submission, obedience, or deference;
submissive to natural or legal superiors; obedient, as to parents or
superiors; as, a <i>dutiful</i> son or daughter; a <i>dutiful</i>
ward or servant; a <i>dutiful</i> subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Controlled by, proceeding from, a sense of
duty; respectful; deferential; as, <i>dutiful</i>
affection.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Duteous; obedient; reverent; reverential;
submissive; docile; respectful; compliant.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Du"ti*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Du"ti*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Du"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Duties</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Due</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is due; payment.</def> [Obs. as signifying a material
thing.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When thou receivest money for thy labor or ware, thou
receivest thy <i>duty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><! p. 463 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which a person is bound by moral
obligation to do, or refrain from doing; that which one ought to do;
service morally obligatory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forgetting his <i>duty</i> toward God, his sovereign
lord, and his country.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any assigned service or business;
as, the <i>duties</i> of a policeman, or a soldier; to be on
<i>duty</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With records sweet of <i>duties</i> done.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To employ him on the hardest and most imperative
<i>duty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Duty</i> is a graver term than obligation. A
<i>duty</i> hardly exists to do trivial things; but there may be an
obligation to do them.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, obedience or submission due
to parents and superiors.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Respect; reverence; regard; act of
respect; homage.</def> "My <i>duty</i> to you."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>The efficiency of an
engine, especially a steam pumping engine, as measured by work done
by a certain quantity of fuel; usually, the number of pounds of water
lifted one foot by one bushel of coal (94 lbs. old standard), or by 1
cwt. (112 lbs., England, or 100 lbs., United States).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Tax, toll, impost, or
customs; excise; any sum of money required by government to be paid
on the importation, exportation, or consumption of goods.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An impost on land or other real estate, and on the stock of
farmers, is not called a <i>duty</i>, but a <i>direct tax</i>.
[U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Ad valorem duty</b></col>, <cd>a duty which is graded
according to the cost, or market value, of the article taxed. See
<u>Ad valorem</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Specific duty</b></col>, <cd>a
duty of a specific sum assessed on an article without reference to
its value or market.</cd> -- <col><b>On duty</b></col>, <cd>actually
engaged in the performance of one's assigned task.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Du*um"vir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Duumvirs</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Duumviri</b></plw> (#).
[L., fr. <i>duo</i> two + <i>vir</i> man.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>
<def>One of two Roman officers or magistrates united in the same
public functions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du*um"vi*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>duumviralis</i>.] <def>Of or belonging to the duumviri or the
duumvirate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du*um"vi*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>duumviratus</i>, fr. <i>duumvir</i>.] <def>The union of two men in
the same office; or the office, dignity, or government of two men
thus associated, as in ancient Rome.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., leader.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The scholastic name for the theme or subject of a
fugue, the answer being called the <i>comes</i>, or
companion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Duy"ker*bok</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>duiker</i>
diver + <i>bok</i> a buck, lit., diver buck. So named from its habit
of diving suddenly into the bush.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
South African antelope (<i>Cephalous mergens</i>); -- called also
<i>impoon</i>, and <i>deloo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du*young"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Dugong</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>D" valve`</hw> (?). <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A kind of slide valve.
See <i>Slide valve</i>, under <u>Slide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dver"gr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dvergar</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Dwarf</u>.] <i>(Scand.
Myth.)</i> <def>A dwarf supposed to dwell in rocks and hills and to
be skillful in working metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dwale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>dwale</i>,
<i>dwole</i>, deception, deadly nightshade, AS. <i>dwala</i>,
<i>dwola</i>, error, doubt; akin to E. <i>dull</i>. See <u>Dull</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
deadly nightshade (<i>Atropa Belladonna</i>), having stupefying
qualities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The tincture sable or black
when blazoned according to the fantastic system in which plants are
substituted for the tinctures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sleeping potion; an opiate.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dwang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>dwingen</i> to
force, compel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A piece of
wood set between two studs, posts, etc., to stiffen and support
them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind
of crowbar.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A large wrench.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dwarf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dwarfs</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>dwergh</i>, <i>dwerf</i>,
<i>dwarf</i>, AS. <i>dweorg</i>, <i>dweorh</i>; akin to D.
<i>dwerg</i>, MHG. <i>twerc</i>, G. <i>zwerg</i>, Icel.
<i>dvergr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>dverg</i>; of unknown origin.] <def>An
animal or plant which is much below the ordinary size of its species
or kind; especially, a diminutive human being.</def></p>

<p>&fist; During the Middle Ages <i>dwarfs</i> as well as fools
shared the favor of courts and the nobility.</p>

<p><i>Dwarf</i> is used adjectively in reference to anything much
below the usual or normal size; as, <i>dwarf</i> tree; <i>dwarf</i>
honeysuckle.</p>

<p><col><b>Dwarf elder</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>danewort.</cd> --
<col><b>Dwarf wall</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a low wall, not as
high as the story of a building, often used as a garden wall or
fence.</cd>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dwarf</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dwarfed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dwarfing</u>.] <def>To hinder from growing to the natural size; to
make or keep small; to stunt.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Even the most common moral ideas and affections . . .
would be stunted and <i>dwarfed</i>, if cut off from a spiritual
background.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dwarf</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become small; to
diminish in size.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strange power of the world that, the moment we enter
it, our great conceptions <i>dwarf</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dwarf"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a dwarf; below
the common stature or size; very small; petty; as, a <i>dwarfish</i>
animal, shrub.</def> -- <wf>Dwarf"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Dwarf"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dwarf"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A diminutive
dwarf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dwarf"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Much
undersized.</def> [R.]  <i>Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dwaul</hw>, <hw>Dwaule</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[See <u>Dull</u>, <u>Dwell</u>.] <def>To be delirious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Junius.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dwell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dwelled</u> (?), usually contracted into <u>Dwelt</u>
(&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Dwelling</u>.] [OE.
<i>dwellen</i>, <i>dwelien</i>, to err, linger, AS. <i>dwellan</i> to
deceive, hinder, delay, <i>dwelian</i> to err; akin to Icel.
<i>dvelja</i> to delay, tarry, Sw. <i>dv&auml;ljas</i> to dwell, Dan.
<i>dv&aelig;le</i> to linger, and to E. <i>dull</i>. See <u>Dull</u>,
and cf. <u>Dwale</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To delay; to
linger.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To abide; to remain; to
continue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll rather <i>dwell</i> in my
necessity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy soul was like a star and <i>dwelt</i>
apart.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To abide as a permanent resident, or for a
time; to live in a place; to reside.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The parish in which I was born, <i>dwell</i>, and have
possessions.</blockquote> <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The poor man <i>dwells</i> in a humble cottage near
the hall where the lord of the domain resides.</blockquote> <i>C. J.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dwell in</b></col>, <cd>to abide in (a place); hence,
to depend on.</cd>  "My hopes <i>in</i> heaven to <i>dwell</i>."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To dwell on</b></col> or
<col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to continue long on or in; to remain
absorbed with; to stick to; to make much of; as, to <i>dwell upon</i>
a subject; a singer <i>dwells on</i> a note.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>They stand at a distance, <i>dwelling on</i> his looks
and language, fixed in amazement.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To inhabit; live; abide; sojourn; reside; continue;
stay; rest.</p>

<p><hw>Dwell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inhabit.</def>
[R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dwell"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant; a
resident; as, a cave <i>dweller</i>.</def> "<i>Dwellers</i> at
Jerusalem."  <i>Acts i. 19.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dwell"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Habitation; place or
house in which a person lives; abode; domicile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hazor shall be a <i>dwelling</i> for
dragons.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xlix. 33.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God will deign<BR>
To visit oft the <i>dwellings</i> of just men.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Philip's <i>dwelling</i> fronted on the
street.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dwelling house</b></col>, <cd>a house intended to be
occupied as a residence, in distinction from a store, office, or
other building.</cd> -- <col><b>Dwelling place</b></col>, <cd>place
of residence.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dwelt</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos><def>of
<u>Dwell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dwin"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dwindled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dwindling</u> (?).] [From OE. <i>dwinen</i> to languish, waste
away, AS. <i>dw&imacr;nan</i>; akin to LG. <i>dwinen</i>, D.
<i>dwijnen</i> to vanish, Icel. <i>dv&imacr;na</i> to cease, dwindle,
Sw. <i>tvina</i>; of uncertain origin. The suffix <i>-le</i>,
preceded by <i>d</i> excrescent after <i>n</i>, is added to the root
with a diminutive force.] <def>To diminish; to become less; to
shrink; to waste or consume away; to become degenerate; to fall
away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Weary sennights nine times nine<BR>
Shall he <i>dwindle</i>, peak and pine.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Religious societies, though begun with excellent
intentions,<BR>
are said to have <i>dwindled</i> into factious clubs.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dwin"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make less; to bring low.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our drooping days are <i>dwindled</i> down to
naught.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break; to disperse.</def> [R.]
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dwin"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of
dwindling; dwindlement; decline; degeneracy.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dwin"dle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of dwindling; a dwindling.</def> [R.]  <i>Mrs.
Oliphant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dwine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Dwindle</u>.]
<def>To waste away; to pine; to languish.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dy"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dyas</i>,
<i>dyadis</i>, the number two. Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>dyade</i>. See two,
and cf. <u>Duad</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Two units treated as
one; a couple; a pair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An element, atom, or
radical having a valence or combining power of two.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"ad</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having a
valence or combining power of two; capable of being substituted for,
combined with, or replaced by, two atoms of hydrogen; as, oxygen and
calcium are <i>dyad</i> elements. See <u>Valence</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy*ad"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
two.] <def>Pertaining to the number two; of two parts or
elements.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dyadic arithmetic</b></col>, <cd>the same as <i>binary
arithmetic</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dy"aks</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Dyak</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>The aboriginal and
most numerous inhabitants of Borneo. They are partially civilized,
but retain many barbarous practices.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dy"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dyas</i> the
number two.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A name applied in Germany to the
Permian formation, there consisting of two principal
groups.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dye</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Dyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Dyeing</u>.] [OE. <i>deyan</i>, <i>dyen</i>, AS.
<i>de&aacute;gian</i>.] <def>To stain; to color; to give a new and
permanent color to, as by the application of dyestuffs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cloth to be <i>dyed</i> of divers colors.</blockquote>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul is <i>dyed</i> by its thoughts.</blockquote>
<i>Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dye in the grain</b></col>, <col><b>To dye in the
wool</b></col> (Fig.), <cd>to dye firmly; to imbue
thoroughly.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He might truly be termed a legitimate son of the
revenue system <i>dyed in the wool</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Stain</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Dye</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Color
produced by dyeing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Material used for dyeing; a
dyestuff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dye</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Die</u>, a
lot.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dye"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A building in
which dyeing is carried on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dye"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process or art
of fixing coloring matters permanently and uniformly in the fibers of
wool, cotton, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose occupation
is to dye cloth and the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dyer's broom</b></col>, <col><b>Dyer's rocket</b></col>,
<col><b>Dyer's weed</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Dyer's broom</i>, under
<u>Broom</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dye"stuff`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A material used
for dyeing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dye"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any wood from
which coloring matter is extracted for dyeing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In the act of dying; destined to death; mortal; perishable; as,
<i>dying</i> bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to dying or death; as,
<i>dying</i> bed; <i>dying</i> day; <i>dying</i> words; also,
simulating a dying state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of expiring;
passage from life to death; loss of life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a dying manner;
as if at the point of death.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dy"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of dying
or the stimulation of such a state; extreme languor;
languishment.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tenderness becomes me best, a sort of
<i>dyingness</i>; you see that picture, Foible, -- a swimmingness in
the eyes; yes, I'll look so.</blockquote> <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dyke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Dike</u>. The
spelling <i>dyke</i> is restricted by some to the geological
meaning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy*nac`ti*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
power + E. <i>actinometer</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the
intensity of the photogenic (light-producing) rays, and computing the
power of object glasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"nam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>dyname</i>.
See <u>Dynamic</u>.] <def>A unit of measure for dynamical effect or
work; a foot pound. See <u>Foot pound</u>.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dy*nam"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; power +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>dynam&egrave;tre</i>.  Cf.
<u>Dynamometer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dynamometer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>An instrument for
determining the magnifying power of telescopes, consisting usually of
a doubleimage micrometer applied to the eye end of a telescope for
measuring accurately the diameter of the image of the object glass
there formed; which measurement, compared with the actual diameter of
the glass, gives the magnifying power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy`na*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to a dynameter.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dy*nam"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Dy*nam"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; powerful, fr. &?; power, fr. &?; to be
able; cf. L. <i>durus</i> hard, E. <i>dure</i>: cf. F.
<i>dynamique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
dynamics; belonging to energy or power; characterized by energy or
production of force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Science, as well as history, has its past to show, --
a past indeed, much larger; but its immensity is <i>dynamic</i>, not
divine.</blockquote> <i>J. Martineau.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The vowel is produced by phonetic, not by
<i>dynamic</i>, causes.</blockquote> <i>J. Peile.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to physical forces, effects, or
laws; as, <i>dynamical</i> geology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As natural science has become more <i>dynamic</i>, so
has history.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Shedd.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dynamical electricity</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Electricity</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dy*nam"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
accordance with the principles of dynamics or moving forces.</def>
<i>J. Peile.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dy*nam"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That branch of mechanics which treats of the motion of bodies
<i>(kinematics)</i> and the action of forces in producing or changing
their motion <i>(kinetics)</i>. Dynamics is held by some recent
writers to include <i>statics</i> and not
<i>kinematics</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The moving moral, as well as physical,
forces of any kind, or the laws which relate to them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>That department of musical
science which relates to, or treats of, the power of tones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"na*mism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dynamisme</i>. See <u>Dynamics</u>.] <def>The doctrine of
Leibnitz, that all substance involves force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"na*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
accounts for material phenomena by a theory of dynamics.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who would resolve matter into centers of force
may be said to constitute the school of
<i>dynamists</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ward (Dyn. Sociol. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>Dy"na*mi`tard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A political
dynamiter. [A form found in some newspapers.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"na*mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; power. See
<u>Dynamic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An explosive substance
consisting of nitroglycerin absorbed by some inert, porous solid, as
infusorial earth, sawdust, etc. It is safer than nitroglycerin, being
less liable to explosion from moderate shocks, or from spontaneous
decomposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"na*mi`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses
dynamite; esp., one who uses it for the destruction of life and
property.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"na*mi`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Destroying
by dynamite, for political ends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Dynamiting</i> is not the American
way.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dy"na*mi`tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The work of
dynamiters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"na*mi*za`tion</hw> (?), [Gr. &?; power. See
<u>Dynamic</u>.] <i>(Homeop.)</i> <def>The act of setting free the
dynamic powers of a medicine, as by shaking the bottle containing
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"na*mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dynamo-electric
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy`na*mo-e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
power + E. <i>electric</i>. See <u>Dynamic</u>.] <def>Pertaining to
the development of electricity, especially electrical currents, by
power; producing electricity or electrical currents by mechanical
power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy*nam"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; power +
<i>-graph</i>. See <u>Dynamic</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A
dynamometer to which is attached a device for automatically
registering muscular power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy`na*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dynamom&egrave;tre</i>. See <u>Dynameter</u>.] <def>An apparatus
for measuring force or power; especially, muscular effort of men or
animals, or the power developed by a motor, or that required to
operate machinery.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It usually embodies a spring to be compressed or weight to
be sustained by the force applied, combined with an index, or
automatic recorder, to show the work performed.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Dy`na*mo*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Dy`na*mo*met"ric*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to a dynamometer, or to the
measurement of force doing work; as, <i>dynamometrical</i>
instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy`na*mom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
process of measuring forces doing work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy"nast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dynastes</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to be able or strong: cf. F. <i>dynaste</i>. See
<u>Dynamic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ruler; a governor; a
prince.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dynasty; a government.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Dy*nas"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Dynast</u>.] <def>A tyrant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dy*nas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of a
dynast, fr. &?;: cf. F. <i>dunastique</i>.] <def>Of or relating to a
dynasty or line of kings.</def>  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dy*nas"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Dynastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dy*nas"ti*dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fem. of
&?;. See <u>Dynast</u>. The name alludes to the immense size of some
species.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a group of gigantic, horned
beetles, including <i>Dynastus Neptunus</i>, and the Hercules beetle
(<i>D. Hercules</i>) of tropical America, which grow to be six inches
in length.</def></p>

<p><! p. 464 !></p>

<p><hw>Dy"nas*ty</hw> (d&imacr;"n<i>a</i>s*t&ybreve; <i>or</i>
d&ibreve;n"<i>a</i>s*t&ybreve;; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Dynasties</b></plw> (-t&ibreve;z). [Gr.
<grk>dynastei`a</grk> lordship, fr. <grk>dynastey`ein</grk> to hold
power or lordship, fr. <grk>dyna`sths</grk>: cf. F. <i>dynastie</i>
dynasty. See <u>Dynast</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sovereignty;
lordship; dominion.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A race or succession of kings, of the same
line or family; the continued lordship of a race of rulers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dyne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed fr. Gr. &?; power.
See <u>Dynamic</u>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The unit of force, in the
C. G. S. (Centimeter Gram Second) system of physical units; that is,
the force which, acting on a gram for a second, generates a velocity
of a centimeter per second.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dys-</hw> (?). <def>An inseparable prefix, fr. the Greek &?;
hard, ill, and signifying <i>ill</i>, <i>bad</i>, <i>hard</i>,
<i>difficult</i>, and the like; cf. the prefixes, Skr. <i>dus</i>-,
Goth. <i>tuz</i>-, OHG. <i>zur</i>-, G. <i>zer</i>-, AS. <i>to</i>-,
Icel. <i>tor</i>-, Ir. <i>do</i>-.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dys`&aelig;s*the"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>dys-</grk> ill, bad + &?; to perceive, to feel.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Impairment of any of the senses, esp. of
touch.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dys*cra"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>dyscrasia</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>dyskrasi`a</grk>; <grk>dys-</grk> bad
+ <grk>kra^sis</grk> mixture, fr. <grk>keranny`nai</grk> to mix: cf.
F. <i>dycrasie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An ill habit or state of the
constitution; -- formerly regarded as dependent on a morbid condition
of the blood and humors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dys"cra*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>dys-
</grk> bad + &?; compound.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral consisting
of antimony and silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dys"cra*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Discrasies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Dycrasia.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sin is a cause of <i>dycrasies</i> and
distempers.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dys`en*ter"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Dys`en*ter"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>dysentericus</i>, Gr. &?;; cf. F.
<i>dysent&eacute;rigue</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to dysentery;
having dysentery; as, a <i>dysenteric</i> patient.</def>
"<i>Dysenteric</i> symptoms."  <i>Copland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dys"en*ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>dysenteria</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>dys-</grk> ill, bad + &?;, pl. &?;,
intestines, fr. <grk>'ento`s</grk> within, fr. &?; in, akin to E.
<i>in</i>: cf. F. <i>dysenterie</i>. See <u>Dys</u>, and <u>In</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease attended with inflammation and
ulceration of the colon and rectum, and characterized by griping
pains, constant desire to evacuate the bowels, and the discharge of
mucus and blood.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When acute, <i>dysentery</i> is usually accompanied with
high fevers. It occurs epidemically, and is believed to be
communicable through the medium of the alvine discharges.</p>

<p><hw>Dys`ge*nes"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
procreating or breeding freely; as, one race may be <i>dysgenesic</i>
with respect to another.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dys*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dys-
</i> + <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A condition of not
generating or breeding freely; infertility; a form of homogenesis in
which the hybrids are sterile among themselves, but are fertile with
members of either parent race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dys`lo*gis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>dys-
</grk> ill, bad, + &?; discourse, fr. &?; to speak.]
<def>Unfavorable; not commendatory; -- opposed to
<i>eulogistic</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no course of conduct for which
<i>dyslogistic</i> or eulogistic epithets may be found.</blockquote>
<i>J. F. Stephen.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The paternity of <i>dyslogistic</i> -- no bantling,
but now almost a centenarian -- is adjudged to that genius of common
sense, Jeremy Bentham.</blockquote> <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dys"lu*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>dys-</grk>
ill, hard + &?; to loose, dissolve.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of
the zinc spinel or gahnite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dys"ly*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>dys-</grk>
ill, hard + &?; a loosing.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A resinous
substance formed in the decomposition of cholic acid of bile; -- so
called because it is difficult to solve.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dys*men`or*rhe"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>dys-</grk> ill, hard + &?; month + &?; to flow.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Difficult and painful menstruation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dys"no*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>dys-
</grk> ill, bad + &?; law.] <def>Bad legislation; the enactment of
bad laws.</def>  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dys"o*dile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.  &?; ill smell,
from &?; ill-smelling; <grk>dys-</grk> ill, bad + &?; to smell.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>An impure earthy or coaly bitumen, which emits a
highly fetid odor when burning.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dys*pep"si*a</hw> (?), <hw>Dys*pep"sy</hw> (?; 277), }[L.
<i>dyspepsia</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; hard to digest; <grk>dys-</grk>
ill, hard + &?; to cook, digest; akin to E. <i>cook</i>: cf. F.
<i>dyspepsie</i>. See <u>Dys-</u>, and 3d Cook.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
kind of indigestion; a state of the stomach in which its functions
are disturbed, without the presence of other diseases, or, if others
are present, they are of minor importance. Its symptoms are loss of
appetite, nausea, heartburn, acrid or fetid eructations, a sense of
weight or fullness in the stomach, etc.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dys*pep"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Dys*pep"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to dyspepsia; having dyspepsia;
as, a <i>dyspeptic</i> or <i>dyspeptical</i> symptom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dys*pep"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person afflicted
with dyspepsia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dys*pep"tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>dys-</i>
+ <i>peptone</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An insoluble
albuminous body formed from casein and other proteid substances by
the action of gastric juice.</def>  <i>Meissner.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Dys*pha"gi*a</hw> (?), <hw>Dys"pha*gy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>dysphagia</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>dys-</grk>
ill, hard + &?; to eat.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Difficulty in
swallowing.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Dys*pho"ni*a</hw> (?), <hw>Dys"pho*ny</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>dysphonia</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>dys-</grk>
ill, hard + &?; sound, voice: cf. F. <i>dysphonie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A difficulty in producing vocal sounds; enfeebled or depraved
voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dys*pho"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; hard to bear; <grk>dys-</grk> ill, hard +
<grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear:  cf. F. <i>dysphorie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Impatience under affliction; morbid restlessness;
dissatisfaction; the fidgets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dysp*n&oelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; short of breath; pref. <grk>dys-</grk> ill, hard + &?;,
&?;, breathing, &?; to blow, breathe: cf.  F. <i>dyspn&eacute;e</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Difficulty of breathing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dysp*no"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Affected with shortness of breath; relating to
dyspn&oelig;a.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dys*te`le*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>dys-</i> + <i>teleology</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The doctrine of
purposelessness; a term applied by Haeckel to that branch of
physiology which treats of rudimentary organs, in view of their being
useless to the life of the organism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the doctrine of <i>dysteleology</i>, or the denial
of final causes, a proof of the real existence of such a thing as
instinct must necessarily be fatal.</blockquote> <i>Word (Dynamic
Sociology).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dys*to"ci*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>dys-</grk> ill, hard + <grk>to`kos</grk> delivery.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Difficult delivery pr parturition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dys"tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.  <grk>dys-</grk>
ill, hard + <grk>tomo`s</grk> cutting, <grk>diate`mnein</grk> to
cut.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Cleaving with difficulty.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Datolite was called <i>dystome spar</i> by Mohs.</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Dys*u"ri*a</hw> (?), <hw>Dys"u*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dysuria</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>dys-</grk> +
&?; urine: cf. F. <i>dysurie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Difficult or
painful discharge of urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dys*u"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>dysurique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or afflicted with,
dysury.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dze"ren</hw> (?), <hw>Dze"ron</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Chinese yellow
antelope (<i>Procapra gutturosa</i>), a remarkably swift-footed
animal, inhabiting the deserts of Central Asia, Thibet, and
China.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dzig"ge*tai</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The kiang, a wild horse or wild ass of Thibet (<i>Asinus
hemionus</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is sometimes applied also to the koulan or onager.
See <u>Koulan</u>.</p>

<p><point26>E.</point26></p>

<p><hw>E</hw> (&emacr;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fifth letter of
the English alphabet.</def> It derives its form, name, and value from
the Latin, the form and value being further derived from the Greek,
into which it came from the Ph&oelig;nician, and ultimately,
probably, from the Egyptian. Its etymological relations are closest
with the vowels <i>i</i>, <i>a</i>, and <i>o</i>, as illustrated by
to f<i>a</i>ll, to f<i>e</i>ll; m<i>a</i>n, pl. m<i>e</i>n;
dr<i>i</i>nk, dr<i>a</i>nk, dr<i>e</i>nch; d<i>i</i>nt, d<i>e</i>nt;
d<i>oo</i>m, d<i>ee</i>m; g<i>oo</i>se, pl. g<i>ee</i>se;
b<i>ee</i>f, OF. b<i>oe</i>f, L. b<i>o</i>s; and E. ch<i>ee</i>r, OF.
ch<i>ie</i>re, LL. <i>ca</i>ra.</p>

<p>The letter <i>e</i> has in English several vowel sounds, the two
principal being its long or name sound, as in <i>e</i>ve, m<i>e</i>,
and the short, as in <i>e</i>nd, b<i>e</i>st. Usually at the end of
words it is silent, but serves to indicate that the preceding vowel
has its long sound, where otherwise it would be short, as in
<i>m&amacr;ne</i>, <i>c&amacr;ne</i>, <i>m&emacr;te</i>, which
without the final <i>e</i> would be pronounced <i>m&abreve;n</i>,
<i>c&abreve;n</i>, <i>m&ebreve;t</i>. After <i>c</i> and <i>g</i>,
the final <i>e</i> indicates that these letters are to be pronounced
as <i>s</i> and <i>j</i>; respectively, as in <i>lace</i>,
<i>rage</i>.</p>

<p>See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 74-97.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>E is the third tone of the
model diatonic scale. E&flat;  (E flat) is a tone which is
intermediate between D and E.</def></p>

<p><hw>E-</hw>. <def>A Latin prefix meaning <i>out</i>, <i>out
of</i>, <i>from</i>; also, <i>without</i>. See <u>Ex-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Each</hw> (&emacr;ch), <pos><i>a. or a. pron.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>eche</i>, <i>&aelig;lc</i>, <i>elk</i>, <i>ilk</i>, AS.
<i>&aelig;lc</i>; <i>&amacr;</i> always + <i>gel&imacr;c</i> like;
akin to OD. <i>iegelik</i>, OHG. <i>&emacr;ogil&imacr;h</i>, MHG.
<i>iegel&imacr;ch</i>, G. <i>jeglich</i>. &radic;209. See 3d
<u>Aye</u>, <u>Like</u>, and cf. <u>Either</u>, <u>Every</u>,
<u>Ilk</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Every one of the two or more
individuals composing a number of objects, considered separately from
the rest. It is used either with or without a following noun; as,
<i>each</i> of you or <i>each</i> one of you.</def> "<i>Each</i> of
the combatants."  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p>&fist; To <i>each</i> corresponds <i>other</i>. "Let <i>each</i>
esteem <i>other</i> better than himself." <i>Each other</i>, used
elliptically for <i>each the other</i>. It is our duty to assist
<i>each other</i>; that is, it is our duty, <i>each</i> to assist the
<i>other</i>, <i>each</i> being in the nominative and <i>other</i> in
the objective case.</p>

<p><blockquote>It is a bad thing that men should hate <i>each</i>
other; but it is far worse that they should contract the habit of
cutting one another's throats without hatred.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let <i>each</i><BR>
His adamantine coat gird well.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>each</i> cheek appears a pretty
dimple.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then draw we nearer day by day,<BR>
<i>Each</i> to his brethren, all to God.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The oak and the elm have <i>each</i> a distinct
character.</blockquote> <i>Gilpin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Every; -- sometimes used interchangeably
with <i>every</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know <i>each</i> lane and every alley
green.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In short <i>each</i> man's happiness depends upon
himself.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This use of <i>each</i> for <i>every</i>, though common in
Scotland and in America, is now un-English.  <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Every</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Each"where`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Everywhere.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sky <i>eachwhere</i> did show full bright and
fair.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ead"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Eddish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ea"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>egre</i> sharp,
sour, eager, OF. <i>agre</i>, <i>aigre</i>, F. <i>aigre</i>, fr. L.
<i>acer</i> sharp, sour, spirited, zealous; akin to Gr. &?; highest,
extreme, Skr. <i>a&?;ra</i> point; fr. a root signifying <i>to be
sharp</i>.  Cf. <u>Acrid</u>, <u>Edge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sharp; sour; acid.</def> [Obs.] "Like <i>eager</i> droppings
into milk."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sharp; keen; bitter; severe.</def>  [Obs.]
"A nipping and an <i>eager</i> air."  "<i>Eager</i> words."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Excited by desire in the pursuit of any
object; ardent to pursue, perform, or obtain; keenly desirous; hotly
longing; earnest; zealous; impetuous; vehement; as, the hounds were
<i>eager</i> in the chase.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And gazed for tidings in my <i>eager</i>
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>eagerly</i> ye follow my
disgraces!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When to her <i>eager</i> lips is brought<BR>
Her infant's thrilling kiss.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A crowd of <i>eager</i> and curious
schoolboys.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Conceit and grief an <i>eager</i> combat
fight.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Brittle; inflexible; not ductile.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Gold will be sometimes so <i>eager</i>, as artists
call it, that it will as little endure the hammer as glass
itself.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Earnest; ardent; vehement; hot; impetuous; fervent;
intense; impassioned; zealous; forward.  See <u>Earnest</u>. --
<u>Eager</u>, <u>Earnest</u>. <i>Eager</i> marks an excited state of
desire or passion; thus, a child is <i>eager</i> for a plaything, a
hungry man is <i>eager</i> for food, a covetous man is <i>eager</i>
for gain. Eagerness is liable to frequent abuses, and is good or bad,
as the case may be. It relates to what is praiseworthy or the
contrary. <i>Earnest</i> denotes a permanent state of mind, feeling,
or sentiment. It is always taken in a good sense; as, a preacher is
<i>earnest</i> in his appeals to the conscience; an agent is
<i>earnest</i> in his solicitations.</p>

<p><hw>Ea"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Eagre</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ea"ger*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an eager
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ea"ger*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being eager; ardent desire.</def> "The
<i>eagerness</i> of love."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tartness; sourness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ardor; vehemence; earnestness; impetuosity;
heartiness; fervor; fervency; avidity; zeal; craving; heat; passion;
greediness.</p>

<p><hw>Ea"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>egle</i>, F.
<i>aigle</i>, fr. L. <i>aquila</i>; prob. named from its color, fr.
<i>aquilus</i> dark-colored, brown; cf. Lith. <i>aklas</i> blind.
Cf. <u>Aquiline</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
large, rapacious bird of the Falcon family, esp. of the genera
<i>Aquila</i> and <i>Hali&aelig;etus</i>. The eagle is remarkable for
strength, size, graceful figure, keenness of vision, and
extraordinary flight. The most noted species are the golden eagle
(<i>Aquila chrysa&euml;tus</i>); the imperial eagle of Europe (<i>A.
mogilnik or imperialis</i>); the American bald eagle
(<i>Hali&aelig;etus leucocephalus</i>); the European sea eagle (<i>H.
albicilla</i>); and the great harpy eagle (<i>Thrasaetus
harpyia</i>). The figure of the eagle, as the king of birds, is
commonly used as an heraldic emblem, and also for standards and
emblematic devices. See <u>Bald eagle</u>, <u>Harpy</u>, and
<u>Golden eagle</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gold coin of the United States, of the
value of ten dollars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A northern constellation,
containing Altair, a star of the first magnitude. See
<u>Aquila</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The figure of an eagle borne as an emblem
on the standard of the ancient Romans, or so used upon the seal or
standard of any people.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though the Roman <i>eagle</i> shadow
thee.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Some modern nations, as the United States, and France under
the Bonapartes, have adopted the eagle as their national emblem.
Russia, Austria, and Prussia have for an emblem a double-headed
eagle.</p>

<p><col><b>Bald eagle</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bald eagle</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bold eagle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bold</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Double eagle</b></col>, <cd>a gold coin of the United States
worth twenty dollars.</cd> -- <col><b>Eagle hawk</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large, crested, South American hawk of the
genus <i>Morphnus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Eagle owl</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any large owl of the genus <i>Bubo</i>, and
allied genera; as the American great horned owl (<i>Bubo
Virginianus</i>), and the allied European species (<i>B.
maximus</i>). See <u>Horned owl</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Eagle
ray</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any large species of ray of
the genus <i>Myliobatis</i> (esp. <i>M. aquila</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Eagle vulture</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large West
African bid (<i>Gypohierax Angolensis</i>), intermediate, in several
respects, between the eagles and vultures.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ea"gle-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sharp-sighted
as an eagle.</def> "Inwardly <i>eagle-eyed</i>."  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ea"gle-sight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Farsighted
and strong-sighted; sharp-sighted.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 465 !></p>

<p><hw>Ea"gless</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>aiglesse</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A female or hen
eagle.</def> [R.]  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ea"gle*stone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A concretionary nodule of clay ironstone, of the size of a
walnut or larger, so called by the ancients, who believed that the
eagle transported these stones to her nest to facilitate the laying
of her eggs; a&euml;tites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ea"glet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>aiglet</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young eagle, or a
diminutive eagle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ea"gle-winged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
wings of an eagle; swift, or soaring high, like an eagle.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ea"gle*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Skr.
<i>aguru</i>, through Pg. <i>aguila</i>; cf. F. bois d'<i>aigle</i>.]
<def>A kind of fragrant wood. See <u>Agallochum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ea"grass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Eddish</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ea"gre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>e&aacute;gor</i>, <i>&?;gor</i>, in comp., water, sea,
<i>e&aacute;gor-stre&aacute;m</i> water stream, sea.] <def>A wave, or
two or three successive waves, of great height and violence, at flood
tide moving up an estuary or river; -- commonly called the
<i>bore</i>. See <u>Bore</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eal"der*man</hw>, <hw>Eal"dor*man</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An alderman.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Eale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ale</u>.]
<def>Ale.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eame</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>e&aacute;m</i>;
akin to D. <i>oom</i>, G. <i>ohm</i>, <i>oheim</i>; cf. L.
<i>avunculus</i>.] <def>Uncle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ean</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>e&aacute;nian</i>. See <u>Yean</u>.] <def>To bring forth, as
young; to yean.</def> "In <i>eaning</i> time."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ean"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ean</u>,
<u>Yeanling</u>.] <def>A lamb just brought forth; a yeanling.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>e&aacute;re</i>;
akin to OFries. <i>&aacute;re</i>, <i>&aacute;r</i>, OS.
<i>&?;ra</i>, D. <i>oor</i>, OHG. <i>&?;ra</i>, G. <i>ohr</i>, Icel.
<i>eyra</i>, Sw. <i>&ouml;ra</i>, Dan. <i>&ouml;re</i>, Goth.
<i>auso</i>, L. <i>auris</i>, Lith. <i>ausis</i>, Russ. <i>ukho</i>,
Gr. &?;; cf. L. <i>audire</i> to hear, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>av</i> to
favor , protect.  Cf. <u>Auricle</u>, <u>Orillon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The organ of hearing; the external
ear.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In man and the higher vertebrates, the organ of hearing is
very complicated, and is divisible into three parts: the external
ear, which includes the <i>pinna</i> or <i>auricle</i> and
<i>meatus</i> or external opening; the middle ear, drum, or
<i>tympanum</i>; and the internal ear, or <i>labyrinth</i>. The
middle ear is a cavity connected by the <i>Eustachian tube</i> with
the pharynx, separated from the opening of the external ear by the
<i>tympanic membrane</i>, and containing a chain of three small
bones, or ossicles, named <i>malleus</i>, <i>incus</i>, and
<i>stapes</i>, which connect this membrane with the internal ear. The
essential part of the internal ear where the fibers of the auditory
nerve terminate, is the <i>membranous labyrinth</i>, a complicated
system of sacs and tubes filled with a fluid (the endolymph), and
lodged in a cavity, called the <i>bony labyrinth</i>, in the periotic
bone. The membranous labyrinth does not completely fill the bony
labyrinth, but is partially suspended in it in a fluid (the
perilymph). The bony labyrinth consists of a central cavity, the
<i>vestibule</i>, into which three <i>semicircular canals</i> and the
canal of the <i>cochlea</i> (spirally coiled in mammals) open. The
vestibular portion of the membranous labyrinth consists of two sacs,
the <i>utriculus</i> and <i>sacculus</i>, connected by a narrow tube,
into the former of which three membranous semicircular canals open,
while the latter is connected with a membranous tube in the cochlea
containing the <i>organ of Corti</i>. By the help of the external ear
the sonorous vibrations of the air are concentrated upon the tympanic
membrane and set it vibrating, the chain of bones in the middle ear
transmits these vibrations to the internal ear, where they cause
certain delicate structures in the organ of Corti, and other parts of
the membranous labyrinth, to stimulate the fibers of the auditory
nerve to transmit sonorous impulses to the brain.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sense of hearing; the perception of
sounds; the power of discriminating between different tones; as, a
nice <i>ear</i> for music; -- in the singular only.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Songs . . . not all ungrateful to thine
<i>ear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles in shape or position
the ear of an animal; any prominence or projection on an object, --
usually one for support or attachment; a lug; a handle; as, the
<i>ears</i> of a tub, a skillet, or dish. The <i>ears</i> of a boat
are outside kneepieces near the bow. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Bell</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as
<u>Acroterium</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Same as
<u>Crossette</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Privilege of being kindly heard; favor;
attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dionysius . . . would give no <i>ear</i> to his
suit.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your
<i>ears</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>About the ears</b></col>, <cd>in close proximity to; near
at hand.</cd> -- <col><b>By the ears</b></col>, <cd>in close contest;
as, to set <i>by the ears</i>; to fall together <i>by the ears</i>;
to be <i>by the ears</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Button ear</b></col> (in
dogs), <cd>an ear which falls forward and completely hides the
inside.</cd> -- <col><b>Ear finger</b></col>, <cd>the little
finger.</cd> -- <col><b>Ear of Dionysius</b></col>, <cd>a kind of ear
trumpet with a flexible tube; -- named from the Sicilian tyrant, who
constructed a device to overhear the prisoners in his dungeons.</cd>
-- <col><b>Ear sand</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>otoliths. See
<u>Otolith</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ear snail</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any snail of the genus <i>Auricula</i> and
allied genera.</cd> -- <col><b>Ear stones</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>otoliths. See <u>Otolith</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ear
trumpet</b></col>, <cd>an instrument to aid in hearing. It consists
of a tube broad at the outer end, and narrowing to a slender
extremity which enters the ear, thus collecting and intensifying
sounds so as to assist the hearing of a partially deaf person.</cd> -
- <col><b>Ear vesicle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a simple
auditory organ, occurring in many worms, mollusks, etc. It consists
of a small sac containing a fluid and one or more solid concretions
or otocysts.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose ear</b></col> (in dogs), <cd>an ear
which folds backward and shows part of the inside.</cd> -- <col><b>To
give ear to</b></col>, <cd>to listen to; to heed, as advice or one
advising.</cd> "<i>Give ear unto</i> my song." <i>Goldsmith.</i> --
<col><b>To have one's ear</b></col>, <cd>to be listened to with
favor.</cd> -- <col><b>Up to the ears</b></col>, <cd>deeply
submerged; almost overwhelmed; as, to be in trouble <i>up to one's
ears</i>.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Ear</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Eared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Earing</u>.] <def>To take in with the ears; to hear.</def>
[Sportive] "I <i>eared</i> her language."  <i>Two Noble
Kinsmen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ear</i>; akin to D.
<i>aar</i>, OHG. <i>ahir</i>, G. <i>&auml;hre</i>, Icel., Sw., &amp; Dan.
<i>ax</i>, Goth. <i>ahs</i>. <i>&?;&?;&?;</i>.  Cf. <u>Awn</u>,
<u>Edge</u>.] <def>The spike or head of any cereal  (as, wheat, rye,
barley, Indian corn, etc.), containing the kernels.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>First the blade, then the <i>ear</i>, after that the
full corn in the <i>ear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mark iv. 28.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To put forth ears in
growing; to form ears, as grain; as, this corn <i>ears</i>
well.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>erien</i>, AS.
<i>erian</i>; akin to OFries. <i>era</i>, OHG. <i>erran</i>, MHG.
<i>eren</i>, <i>ern</i>, Prov. G. <i>aren</i>, <i>&auml;ren</i>,
Icel. <i>erja</i>, Goth. <i>arjan</i>, Lith. <i>arti</i>, OSlav.
<i>orati</i>, L. <i>arare</i>, Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>Arable</u>.] <def>To
plow or till; to cultivate.</def> "To <i>ear</i> the land."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Arable;
tillable.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Ear"ache`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ache or pain in
the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Receiving by the
ear.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hewyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"-bored`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the ear
perforated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cap or cover to
protect the ear from cold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"coc`kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A disease in wheat, in which the blackened and contracted grain,
or ear, is filled with minute worms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"drop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A pendant for the ear; an earring; as, a pair of
<i>eardrops</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of primrose. See
<u>Auricula</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"drum`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The tympanum. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having (such or so many) ears; -- used in composition; as, long-
<i>eared-eared</i>; sharp-<i>eared</i>; full-<i>eared</i>; ten-
<i>eared</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having external ears;
having tufts of feathers resembling ears.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Eared owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an owl having
earlike tufts of feathers, as the <i>long-eared owl</i>, and
<i>short-eared owl</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Eared seal</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any seal of the family
<i>Otariid&aelig;</i>, including the fur seals and hair seals. See
<u>Seal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ear"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scotch <i>ery</i>
or <i>eiry</i> affected with fear.] <def>Fear or timidity, especially
of something supernatural.</def> [Written also <i>eiryness</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sense of <i>eariness</i>, as twilight came
on.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A line used to fasten the upper corners of a
sail to the yard or gaff; -- also called <i>head earing</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A line for hauling the reef cringle to the
yard; -- also called <i>reef earing</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A line fastening the corners of an awning to the rigging or
stanchions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Coming into ear, as
corn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plowing of
land.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Neither <i>earing</i> nor harvest.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xlv. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>eorl</i>,
<i>erl</i>, AS. <i>eorl</i> man, noble; akin to OS. <i>erl</i> boy,
man, Icel. <i>jarl</i> nobleman, count, and possibly to Gr. &?; male,
Zend <i>arshan</i> man.  Cf. <u>Jarl</u>.] <def>A nobleman of England
ranking below a marquis, and above a viscount. The rank of an earl
corresponds to that of a <i>count</i> (<i>comte</i>) in France, and
<i>graf</i> in Germany. Hence the wife of an earl is still called
countess. See <u>Count</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
needlefish.</def> [Ireland]</p>

<p><hw>Ear"lap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lobe of the
ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earl"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>eorl-
d&?;m</i>; <i>eorl</i> man, noble + <i>-d&?;m</i> -dom.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The jurisdiction of an earl; the territorial
possessions of an earl.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The status, title, or dignity of an
earl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Pulteney] shrunk into insignificancy and an
<i>earldom</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earl"dor*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Alderman.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Earl"duck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The red-breasted merganser (<i>Merganser
serrator</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Earles" pen`ny</hw> (?). [Cf. <u>Arles</u>, 4th
<u>Earnest</u>.] <def>Earnest money. Same as <u>Arles
penny</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ear"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without ears;
hence, deaf or unwilling to hear.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ear</i> + <i>-
let</i>.] <def>An earring.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Ismaelites were accustomed to wear golden
<i>earlets</i>.</blockquote> <i>Judg. viii. 24 (Douay
version).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being early or forward; promptness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earl" mar"shal</hw> (?). <def>An officer of state in England
who marshals and orders all great ceremonials, takes cognizance of
matters relating to honor, arms, and pedigree, and directs the
proclamation of peace and war. The court of chivalry was formerly
under his jurisdiction, and he is still the head of the herald's
office or college of arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>e&aacute;r-
locca</i>.] <def>A lock or curl of hair near the ear; a lovelock. See
<u>Lovelock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"ly</hw> (&etilde;r"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>erli</i>, <i>erliche</i>, AS. <i>&aemacr;rl&imacr;ce</i>;
<i>&aemacr;r</i> sooner + <i>l&imacr;c</i> like. See <u>Ere</u>, and
<u>Like</u>.] <def>Soon; in good season; seasonably; betimes; as,
come <i>early</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those that me <i>early</i> shall find me.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. viii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You must wake and call me <i>early</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Earlier</u> (&etilde;r"l&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Earliest</u>.] [OE. <i>earlich</i>.
&radic;204. See <u>Early</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In advance of the usual or appointed time; in
good season; prior in time; among or near the first; -- opposed to
<i>late</i>; as, the <i>early</i> bird; an <i>early</i> spring;
<i>early</i> fruit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Early</i> and provident fear is the mother of
safety.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The doorsteps and threshold with the <i>early</i>
grass springing up about them.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coming in the first part of a period of
time, or among the first of successive acts, events, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seen in life's <i>early</i> morning sky.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The forms of its <i>earlier</i> manhood.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>earliest</i> poem he composed was in his
seventeenth summer.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Early English</b></col> <i>(Philol.)</i> <cd>See the Note
under <u>English</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Early English
architecture</b></col>, <cd>the first of the pointed or Gothic styles
used in England, succeeding the Norman style in the 12th and 13th
centuries.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Forward; timely; not late; seasonable.</p>

<p><hw>Ear"mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A mark on the ear of sheep, oxen, dogs, etc., as by cropping or
slitting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mark for identification; a
distinguishing mark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Money is said to have no <i>earmark</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Flying, he [a slave] should be described by the
rounding of his head, and his <i>earmark</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A set of intellectual ideas . . . have <i>earmarks</i>
upon them, no tokens of a particular proprietor.</blockquote>
<i>Burrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"mark`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Earmarked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Earmarking</u>.] <def>To mark, as sheep, by cropping or slitting
the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Ern</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Earned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Earning</u>.] [AS. <i>earnian</i>; akin to OHG. <i>arn&?;n</i> to
reap, <i>aran</i> harvest, G. <i>ernte</i>, Goth. <i>asans</i>
harvest, <i>asneis</i> hireling, AS. <i>esne</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>&ouml;nn</i> working season, work.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
merit or deserve, as by labor or service; to do that which entitles
one to (a reward, whether the reward is received or not).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The high repute<BR>
Which he through hazard huge must <i>earn</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To acquire by labor, service, or
performance; to deserve and receive as compensation or wages; as, to
<i>earn</i> a good living; to <i>earn</i> honors or
laurels.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>earn</i> that [what] I eat.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bread I have <i>earned</i> by the hazard of my
life or the sweat of my brow.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Earned run</b></col> <i>(Baseball)</i>, <cd>a run which is
made without the assistance of errors on the opposing side.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Obtain</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Earn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Yearn</u>.] <def>To grieve.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Earn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See 4th <u>Yearn</u>.]
<def>To long; to yearn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And ever as he rode, his heart did <i>earn</i><BR>
To prove his puissance in battle brave.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>irnan</i> to run.
&radic;11. See <u>Rennet</u>, and cf. <u>Yearnings</u>.] <def>To
curdle, as milk.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ear"nest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>eornost</i>,
<i>eornest</i>; akin to OHG. <i>ernust</i>, G. <i>ernst</i>; cf.
Icel. <i>orrosta</i> battle, perh. akin to Gr. &?; to excite, L.
<i>oriri</i> to rise.] <def>Seriousness; reality; fixed
determination; eagerness; intentness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take heed that this jest do not one day turn to
<i>earnest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And given in <i>earnest</i> what I begged in
jest.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In earnest</b></col>, <cd>serious; seriously; not in jest;
earnestly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ear"nest</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ardent in the pursuit of an object; eager to obtain or do;
zealous with sincerity; with hearty endeavor; heartfelt; fervent;
hearty; -- used in a good sense; as, <i>earnest</i>
prayers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>earnest</i> advocate to plead for
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intent; fixed closely; as, <i>earnest</i>
attention.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Serious; important.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They whom <i>earnest</i> lets do often
hinder.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Eager; warm; zealous; ardent; animated;
importunate; fervent; sincere; serious; hearty; urgent. See
<u>Eager</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ear"nest</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To use in
earnest.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>earnest</i> them [our arms] with
men.</blockquote> <i>Pastor Fido (1602).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"nest</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupted fr. F.
<i>arrhes</i>, L. <i>arra</i>, <i>arrha</i>, <i>arrhabo</i>, Gr.
<grk>'arrabw`n</grk>, of Semitic origin, cf. Heb.
<i>&emacr;r&amacr;v&omacr;n</i>; or perh. fr. W. <i>ernes</i>, akin
to Gael. <i>earlas</i>, perh. fr. L. <i>arra</i>.  Cf. <u>Arles</u>,
<u>Earles penny</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something given, or a
part paid beforehand, as a pledge; pledge; handsel; a token of what
is to come.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who hath also sealed us, and given the <i>earnest</i>
of the Spirit in our hearts.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. i. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And from his coffers<BR>
Received the golden <i>earnest</i> of our death.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Something of value given by
the buyer to the seller, by way of token or pledge, to bind the
bargain and prove the sale.</def>  <i>Kent. Ayliffe.
Benjamin.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Earnest money</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>money paid as
earnest, to bind a bargain or to ratify and prove a sale.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Earnest</u>, <u>Pledge</u>.  These words are
here compared as used in their figurative sense. <i>Earnest</i> is
not so strong as <i>pledge</i>. An <i>earnest</i>, like first fruits,
gives assurance, or at least a high probability, that more is coming
of the same kind; a <i>pledge</i>, like money deposited, affords
security and ground of reliance for the future. Washington gave
<i>earnest</i> of his talent as commander by saving his troops after
Braddock's defeat; his fortitude and that of his soldiers during the
winter at Valley Forge might rightly be considered a <i>pledge</i> of
their ultimate triumph.</p>

<p><hw>Ear"nest*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Serious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"nest*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an earnest
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"nest*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being earnest; intentness; anxiety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An honest <i>earnestness</i> in the young man's
manner.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earn"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Earn</u> to
yearn.] <def>Full of anxiety or yearning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>P.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earn"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Earnings</b></plw> (&?;). <def>That which is earned; wages
gained by work or services; money earned; -- used commonly in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As to the common people, their stock is in their
persons and in their <i>earnings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"pick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
for removing wax from the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"-pier`cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The earwig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"reach`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Earshot.</def>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"ring`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ornament
consisting of a ring passed through the lobe of the ear, with or
without a pendant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earsh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Arrish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A flattened marine univalve shell of the genus <i>Haliotis</i>;
-- called also <i>sea-ear</i>. See <u>Abalone</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 466 !></p>

<p><hw>Ear"shot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Reach of the
ear; distance at which words may be heard.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"shrift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nickname for
auricular confession; shrift.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cartwright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"sore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An annoyance to
the ear.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The perpetual jangling of the chimes . . . is no small
<i>earsore</i> &?;s.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"-split`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deafening;
disagreeably loud or shrill; as, <i>ear-splitting</i>
strains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earst</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Erst</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>eor&?;e</i>; akin
to OS. <i>ertha</i>, OFries. <i>irthe</i>, D. <i>aarde</i>, OHG.
<i>erda</i>, G. <i>erde</i>, Icel. <i>j&ouml;r&?;</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>jord</i>, Goth. <i>a&imacr;rpa</i>, OHG. <i>ero</i>, Gr. &?;,
adv., to earth, and perh. to E. <i>ear</i> to plow.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The globe or planet which we inhabit; the
world, in distinction from the sun, moon, or stars. Also, this world
as the dwelling place of mortals, in distinction from the dwelling
place of spirits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That law preserves the <i>earth</i> a sphere<BR>
And guides the planets in their course.</blockquote> <i>S.
Rogers.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In heaven, or <i>earth</i>, or under <i>earth</i>, in
hell.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The solid materials which make up the
globe, in distinction from the air or water; the dry land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God called the dry land <i>earth</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. i. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is pure air and fire, and the dull elements of
<i>earth</i> and water never appear in him.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The softer inorganic matter composing part
of the surface of the globe, in distinction from the firm rock; soil
of all kinds, including gravel, clay, loam, and the like; sometimes,
soil favorable to the growth of plants; the visible surface of the
globe; the ground; as, loose <i>earth</i>; rich
<i>earth</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give him a little <i>earth</i> for
charity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A part of this globe; a region; a country;
land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Would I had never trod this English
<i>earth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Worldly things, as opposed to spiritual
things; the pursuits, interests, and allurements of this
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our weary souls by <i>earth</i> beguiled.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The people on the globe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole <i>earth</i> was of one
language.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xi. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
earthy-looking metallic oxide, as alumina, glucina, zirconia, yttria,
and thoria.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A similar oxide, having a
slight alkaline reaction, as lime, magnesia, strontia,
baryta.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A hole in the ground, where an animal
hides himself; as, the <i>earth</i> of a fox.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They [ferrets] course the poor conies out of their
<i>earths</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Earth</i> is used either adjectively or in combination
to form compound words; as, <i>earth</i> apple or <i>earth</i>-apple;
<i>earth</i> metal or <i>earth</i>-metal; <i>earth</i> closet or
<i>earth</i>-closet.</p>

<p><col><b>Adamic earth</b></col>, <col><b>Bitter earth</b></col>,
<col><b>Bog earth</b></col>, <col><b>Chian earth</b></col>, <cd>etc.
See under <u>Adamic</u>, <u>Bitter</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Alkaline
earths</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Alkaline</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Earth apple</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A potato.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A cucumber.</cd> --
<col><b>Earth auger</b></col>, <cd>a form of auger for boring into
the ground; -- called also <i>earth borer</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Earth
bath</b></col>, <cd>a bath taken by immersing the naked body in earth
for healing purposes.</cd> -- <col><b>Earth battery</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a voltaic battery the elements of which are
buried in the earth to be acted on by its moisture.</cd> --
<col><b>Earth chestnut</b></col>, <cd>the pignut.</cd> --
<col><b>Earth closet</b></col>, <cd>a privy or commode provided with
dry earth or a similar substance for covering and deodorizing the
f&aelig;cal discharges.</cd> -- <col><b>Earth dog</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a dog that will dig in the earth, or enter
holes of foxes, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Earth hog</b></col>,
<col><b>Earth pig</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the aard-
vark.</cd> -- <col><b>Earth hunger</b></col>, <cd>an intense desire
to own land, or, in the case of nations, to extend their domain.</cd>
-- <col><b>Earth light</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the light
reflected by the earth, as upon the moon, and corresponding to
moonlight; -- called also <i>earth shine</i>.</cd> <i>Sir J.
Herschel.</i> -- <col><b>Earth metal</b></col>. <cd>See 1st
<u>Earth</u>, 7. <i>(Chem.)</i></cd> -- <col><b>Earth oil</b></col>,
<cd>petroleum.</cd> -- <col><b>Earth pillars</b></col> or
<col><b>pyramids</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>high pillars or
pyramids of earth, sometimes capped with a single stone, found in
Switzerland.</cd> <i>Lyell.</i> -- <col><b>Earth pitch</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>mineral tar, a kind of asphaltum.</cd> --
<col><b>Earth quadrant</b></col>, <cd>a fourth of the earth's
circumference.</cd> -- <col><b>Earth table</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>the lowest course of stones visible in a building; the ground
table.</cd> -- <col><b>On earth</b></col>, <cd>an intensive
expression, oftenest used in questions and exclamations; as, What
<i>on earth</i> shall I do? Nothing <i>on earth</i> will satisfy
him.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Earth</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Earthed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Earthing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hide, or cause to hide,
in the earth; to chase into a burrow or den.</def> "The fox is
<i>earthed</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with earth or mold; to inter; to
bury; -- sometimes with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The miser <i>earths</i> his treasure, and the
thief,<BR>
Watching the mole, half beggars him ere noon.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why this in <i>earthing</i> up a carcass?</blockquote>
<i>R. Blair.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earth</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To burrow.</def>
<i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Ear</u> to plow.]
<def>A plowing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such land as ye break up for barley to sow,<BR>
Two <i>earths</i> at the least, ere ye sow it, bestow.</blockquote>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earth"bag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
bag filled with earth, used commonly to raise or repair a
parapet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"bank`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bank or
mound of earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i>
<def>The part of a plow, or other implement, that turns over the
earth; the moldboard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Born of the earth; terrigenous; springing originally from the
earth; human.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>earthborn</i> giant.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or occasioned by, earthly
objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>earthborn</i> cares are wrong.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earth"bred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Low;
grovelling; vulgar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"din`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
earthquake.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Earth"drake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mythical
monster of the early Anglo-Saxon literature; a dragon.</def>  <i>W.
Spalding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earth"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of earth;
made of burnt or baked clay, or other like substances; as, an
<i>earthen</i> vessel or pipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"en-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hard-
hearted; sordid; gross.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earth"en*ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vessels and
other utensils, ornaments, or the like, made of baked clay. See
<u>Crockery</u>, <u>Pottery</u>, <u>Stoneware</u>, and
<u>Porcelain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth" flax`</hw> (?). <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of
asbestus. See <u>Amianthus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"fork`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pronged fork
for turning up the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being earthy, or of containing earth; hence,
grossness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being earthly; worldliness; grossness;
perishableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Earth</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <def>An inhabitant of the earth; a mortal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Earthlings</i> oft her deemed a deity.</blockquote>
<i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to the earth; belonging to this world, or to man's
existence on the earth; not heavenly or spiritual; carnal; worldly;
as, <i>earthly</i> joys; <i>earthly</i> flowers; <i>earthly</i>
praise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>earthly</i> load<BR>
Of death, called life.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose glory is in their shame, who mind <i>earthly</i>
things.</blockquote> <i>Phil. iii. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of all things on earth; possible;
conceivable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>earthly</i> benefit can be the
result?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Made of earth; earthy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gross; material; sordid; mean; base; vile; low;
unsubstantial; temporary; corrupt; groveling.</p>

<p><hw>Earth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of
the earth or its people; worldly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Took counsel from his guiding eyes<BR>
To make this wisdom <i>earthly</i> wise.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earth"ly-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
mind devoted to earthly things; worldly-minded; -- opposed to
<i>spiritual-minded</i>.</def> -- <wf>Earth"ly-mind`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Earth"mad`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Earth</i> +
<i>mad</i> an earthworm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
earthworm.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>earthmads</i> and all the sorts of worms . . .
are without eyes.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earth"nut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name given to various roots, tubers, or pods grown under or on the
ground</def>; as to: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The esculent tubers of
the umbelliferous plants <i>Bunium flexuosum</i> and <i>Carum
Bulbocastanum</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The peanut. See
<u>Peanut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"pea`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
species of pea (<i>Amphicarp&aelig;a monoica</i>). It is a climbing
leguminous plant, with hairy underground pods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"quake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shaking,
trembling, or concussion of the earth, due to subterranean causes,
often accompanied by a rumbling noise. The wave of shock sometimes
traverses half a hemisphere, destroying cities and many thousand
lives; -- called also <i>earthdin</i>, <i>earthquave</i>, and
<i>earthshock</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Earthquake alarm</b></col>, <cd>a bell signal constructed
to operate on the theory that a few seconds before the occurrence of
an earthquake the magnet temporarily loses its power.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Earth"quake`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or
characteristic of, an earthquake; loud; startling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>earthquake</i> voice of victory.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earth"quave`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
earthquake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth" shine`</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Earth light</i>, under
<u>Earth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"shock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
earthquake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"star`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A curious fungus of the genus <i>Geaster</i>, in which the outer
coating splits into the shape of a star, and the inner one forms a
ball containing the dustlike spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"-tongue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A fungus of the genus <i>Geoglossum</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Earth"ward</hw> (?), <hw>Earth"wards</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the earth; -- opposed to
<i>heavenward</i> or <i>skyward</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Any construction, whether a temporary breastwork
or permanent fortification, for attack or defense, the material of
which is chiefly earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
operation connected with excavations and embankments of earth in
preparing foundations of buildings, in constructing canals,
railroads, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An embankment or
construction made of earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any worm of the genus <i>Lumbricus</i> and
allied genera, found in damp soil. One of the largest and most
abundant species in Europe and America is <i>L. terrestris</i>; many
others are known; -- called also <i>angleworm</i> and
<i>dewworm</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mean, sordid person; a niggard.</def>
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Earth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of, or resembling, earth; terrene; earthlike; as,
<i>earthy</i> matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How pale she looks,<BR>
And of an <i>earthy</i> cold!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All over <i>earthy</i>, like a piece of
earth.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the earth or to, this
world; earthly; terrestrial; carnal.</def> [R.] "Their <i>earthy</i>
charge."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The first man is of the earth, <i>earthy</i>; the
second man is from heaven. As is the earthy, such are they also that
are <i>earthy</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xv. 47, 48 (Rev. Ver.
)</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Earthy</i> spirits black and envious
are.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gross; low; unrefined.</def> "Her
<i>earthy</i> and abhorred commands."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Without luster, or dull and
roughish to the touch; as, an <i>earthy</i> fracture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"wax`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cerumen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ear"wig`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>e&aacute;rwicga</i>; <i>e&aacute;re</i> ear + <i>wicga</i> beetle,
worm: cf. Prov. E. <i>erri-wiggle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any insect of the genus <i>Forticula</i> and
related genera, belonging to the order Euplexoptera.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>In America, any small
chilopodous myriapod, esp. of the genus <i>Geophilus</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Both insects are so called from the supposition that they
creep into the human ear.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A whisperer of insinuations; a secret
counselor.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"wig`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Earwigged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Earwigging</u> (?).] <def>To influence, or attempt to influence,
by whispered insinuations or private talk.</def> "No longer was he
<i>earwigged</i> by the Lord Cravens."  <i>Lord Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ear"wit`ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A witness by
means of his ears; one who is within hearing and does hear; a
hearer.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ease</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ese</i>,
<i>eise</i>, F. <i>aise</i>; akin to Pr. <i>ais</i>, <i>aise</i>,
OIt. <i>asio</i>, It. <i>agio</i>; of uncertain origin; cf. L.
<i>ansa</i> handle, occasion, opportunity.  Cf. <u>Agio</u>,
<u>Disease</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Satisfaction; pleasure;
hence, accommodation; entertainment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They him besought<BR>
Of harbor and or <i>ease</i> as for hire penny.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from anything that pains or
troubles; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Relief from labor or effort; rest;
quiet; relaxation; as, <i>ease</i> of body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Usefulness comes by labor, wit by
<i>ease</i>.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Give yourself <i>ease</i> from the fatigue of
watching.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Freedom from care, solicitude, or
anything that annoys or disquiets; tranquillity; peace; comfort;
security; as, <i>ease</i> of mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among these nations shalt thou find no
<i>ease</i>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxviii. 65.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Take thine <i>ease</i>, eat, drink, and be
merry.</blockquote> <i>Luke xii. 19.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Freedom from constraint, formality,
difficulty, embarrassment, etc.; facility; liberty; naturalness; --
said of manner, style, etc.; as, <i>ease</i> of style, of behavior,
of address.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>True <i>ease</i> in writing comes from art, not
chance.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whate'er he did was done with so much <i>ease</i>,<BR>
In him alone 't was natural to please.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At ease</b></col>, <cd>free from pain, trouble, or
anxiety.</cd> "His soul shall dwell <i>at ease</i>." <i>Ps. xxv.
12.</i> -- <col><b>Chapel of ease</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Chapel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ill at ease</b></col>, <cd>not at
ease, disquieted; suffering; anxious.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand at
ease</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to stand in a comfortable attitude
in one's place in the ranks.</cd> -- <col><b>With ease</b></col>,
<cd>easily; without much effort.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rest; quiet; repose; comfortableness; tranquillity;
facility; easiness; readiness.</p>

<p><hw>Ease</hw> (&emacr;z), <pos><i>v. t. &amp;  i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Eased</u> (&emacr;zd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Easing</u>.] [OE. <i>esen</i>,
<i>eisen</i>, OF. <i>aisier</i>. See <u>Ease</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To free from anything
that pains, disquiets, or oppresses; to relieve from toil or care; to
give rest, repose, or tranquillity to; -- often with <i>of</i>; as,
to <i>ease</i> of pain; to <i>ease</i> the body or mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Eased</i> [from] the putting off<BR>
These troublesome disguises which we wear.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sing, and I 'll <i>ease</i> thy shoulders of thy
load.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render less painful or oppressive; to
mitigate; to alleviate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My couch shall <i>ease</i> my complaint.</blockquote>
<i>Job vii. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To release from pressure or restraint; to
move gently; to lift slightly; to shift a little; as, to <i>ease</i>
a bar or nut in machinery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To entertain; to furnish with
accommodations.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To ease off</b></col>, <col><b>To ease away</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to slacken a rope gradually.</cd> -- <col><b>To
ease a ship</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to put the helm hard, or
regulate the sail, to prevent pitching when closehauled.</cd> --
<col><b>To ease the helm</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to put the
helm more nearly amidships, to lessen the effect on the ship, or the
strain on the wheel rope.</cd>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To relieve; disburden; quiet; calm; tranquilize;
assuage; alleviate; allay; mitigate; appease; pacify.</p>

<p><hw>Ease"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of ease;
suitable for affording ease or rest; quiet; comfortable;
restful.</def> <i>Shak.</i> -- <wf>Ease"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ease"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ea"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>ezel</i> ass,
donkey, hence, easel, or G. <i>esel</i>; akin to E. <i>ass</i>. See
<u>Ass</u>.] <def>A frame (commonly) of wood serving to hold a canvas
upright, or nearly upright, for the painter's convenience or for
exhibition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Easel picture</b></col>, <col><b>Easel piece</b></col>,
<cd>a painting of moderate size such as is made while resting on an
easel, as distinguished from a painting on a wall or
ceiling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ease"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
ease.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ease"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>aisement</i>.
See <u>Ease</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which gives ease, relief, or assistance; convenience;
accommodation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In need of every kind of relief and
<i>easement</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A liberty, privilege, or
advantage, which one proprietor has in the estate of another
proprietor, distinct from the ownership of the soil, as a way, water
course, etc. It is a species of what the civil law calls
<i>servitude</i>.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A curved member instead of
an abrupt change of direction, as in a baseboard, hand rail,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eas"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Easy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With ease; without difficulty or much effort;
as, this task may be <i>easily</i> performed; that event might have
been <i>easily</i> foreseen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without pain, anxiety, or disturbance; as,
to pass life well and <i>easily</i>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Readily; without reluctance;
willingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not soon provoked, she <i>easily</i>
forgives.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><! p. 467 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Smoothly; quietly; gently; gracefully;
without &?;umult or discord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Without shaking or jolting; commodiously;
as, a carriage moves <i>easily</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eas"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or condition of being easy; freedom from distress;
rest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from difficulty; ease; as the
<i>easiness</i> of a task.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from emotion; compliance;
disposition to yield without opposition; unconcernedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give to him, and he shall but laugh at your
<i>easiness</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from effort, constraint, or
formality; -- said of style, manner, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With painful care, but seeming
<i>easiness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from jolting, jerking, or
straining.</def></p>

<p><hw>East</hw> (&emacr;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>est</i>,
<i>east</i>, AS. <i>e&aacute;st</i>; akin to D. <i>oost</i>,
<i>oosten</i>, OHG. <i>&omacr;stan</i>, G. <i>ost</i>, <i>osten</i>,
Icel. <i>austr</i>, Sw. <i>ost</i>, Dan. <i>&ouml;st</i>,
<i>&ouml;sten</i>, Lith. <i>auszra</i> dawn, L. <i>aurora</i> (for
<i>ausosa</i>), Gr. <grk>'hw`s</grk>, <grk>"e`os</grk>,
<grk>'a`yws</grk>, Skr. <i>ushas</i>; cf. Skr. <i>ush</i> to burn, L.
<i>urere</i>. &radic;149, 288.  Cf. <u>Aurora</u>, <u>Easter</u>,
<u>Sterling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The point in the heavens
where the sun is seen to rise at the equinox, or the corresponding
point on the earth; that one of the four cardinal points of the
compass which is in a direction at right angles to that of north and
south, and which is toward the right hand of one who faces the north;
the point directly opposite to the west.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>east</i> began kindle.</blockquote> <i>E.
Everett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The eastern parts of the earth; the
regions or countries which lie east of Europe; the orient. In this
indefinite sense, the word is applied to Asia Minor, Syria, Chaldea,
Persia, India, China, etc.; as, the riches of the <i>East</i>; the
diamonds and pearls of the <i>East</i>; the kings of the
<i>East</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gorgeous <i>East</i>, with richest hand,<BR>
Showers on her kings barbaric pearl and gold.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(U. S. Hist. and Geog.)</i> <def>Formerly,
the part of the United States east of the Alleghany Mountains, esp.
the Eastern, or New England, States; now, commonly, the whole region
east of the Mississippi River, esp. that which is north of Maryland
and the Ohio River; -- usually with the definite article; as, the
commerce of the <i>East</i> is not independent of the agriculture of
the West.</def></p>

<p><col><b>East by north</b></col>, <col><b>East by south</b></col>,
<cd>according to the notation of the mariner's compass, that point
which lies 11&frac14;&deg; to the north or south, respectively, of
the point due east.</cd> -- <col><b>East-northeast</b></col>,
<col><b>East-southeast</b></col>, <cd>that which lies 22&frac12;&deg;
to the north or south of east, or half way between east and northeast
or southeast, respectively. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Compass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>East</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Toward the rising
sun; or toward the point where the sun rises when in the equinoctial;
as, the <i>east</i> gate; the <i>east</i> border; the <i>east</i>
side; the <i>east</i> wind is a wind that blows from the
east.</def></p>

<p><hw>East</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Eastward.</def></p>

<p><hw>East</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move toward the
east; to veer from the north or south toward the east; to
orientate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eas"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>e&aacute;ster</i>, <i>e&aacute;stran</i>, paschal feast, Easter;
akin to G. <i>ostern</i>; fr. AS. <i>E&aacute;stre</i>, a goddess of
light or spring, in honor of whom a festival was celebrated in April;
whence this month was called in AS.
<i>E&aacute;sterm&omacr;na&eth;</i>. From the root of E. <i>east</i>.
See <u>East</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An annual church festival
commemorating Christ's resurrection, and occurring on Sunday, the
second day after Good Friday. It corresponds to the pascha or
passover of the Jews, and most nations still give it this name under
the various forms of <i>pascha</i>, <i>pasque</i>,
<i>p&acirc;que</i>, or <i>pask</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The day on which the festival is observed;
Easter day.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Easter</i> is used either adjectively or as the first
element of a compound; as, <i>Easter</i> day or <i>Easter</i>-day,
<i>Easter</i> Sunday, <i>Easter</i> week, <i>Easter</i> gifts.</p>

<p><blockquote>Sundays by thee more glorious break,<BR>
An <i>Easter</i> day in every week.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Easter day</i>, on which the rest of the movable feasts
depend, is always the first Sunday after the fourteenth day of the
calendar moon which (fourteenth day) falls on, or next after, the
21st of March, according to the rules laid down for the construction
of the calendar; so that if the fourteenth day happen on a Sunday,
Easter day is the Sunday after.  <i>Eng. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Easter dues</b></col> <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i>, <cd>money due
to the clergy at Easter, formerly paid in communication of the tithe
for personal labor and subject to exaction. For <i>Easter dues</i>,
Easter offerings, voluntary gifts, have been substituted.</cd> --
<col><b>Easter egg</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A painted or
colored egg used as a present at Easter.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>An imitation of an egg, in sugar or some fine material, sometimes
made to serve as a box for jewelry or the like, used as an Easter
present.</cd></p>

<p><hw>East"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To veer to the east; -- said of the wind.</def>
<i>Russell.</i></p>

<p><hw>East"er*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Sterling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native of a country
eastward of another; -- used, by the English, of traders or others
from the coasts of the Baltic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Merchants of Norway, Denmark, . . . called . . .
<i>Easterlings</i> because they lie east in respect of
us.</blockquote> <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of money coined in the east by
Richard II. of England.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The smew.</def></p>

<p><hw>East"er*ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to the
money of the Easterlings, or Baltic traders. See
<u>Sterling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>East"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Coming from the east; as, it was <i>easterly</i> wind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Situated, directed, or moving toward the
east; as, the <i>easterly</i> side of a lake; an <i>easterly</i>
course or voyage.</def></p>

<p><hw>East"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward, or in the
direction of, the east.</def></p>

<p><hw>East"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>e&aacute;stern</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Situated or dwelling
in the east; oriental; as, an <i>eastern</i> gate; <i>Eastern</i>
countries.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Eastern</i> churches first did Christ
embrace.</blockquote> <i>Stirling.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Going toward the east, or in the direction
of east; as, an <i>eastern</i> voyage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Eastern Church</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Greek Church</i>,
under <u>Greek</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>East"ern*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Most
eastern.</def></p>

<p><hw>East" In"di*an</hw> (?; see <u>Indian</u>). <def>Belonging to,
or relating to, the East Indies.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native of, or a dweller in, the East Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>East"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut. &amp; Surv.)</i>
<def>The distance measured toward the east between two meridians
drawn through the extremities of a course; distance of departure
eastward made by a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>East`-in"su*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to the Eastern Islands; East Indian.</def> [R.]  <i>Ogilvie.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>East"ward</hw> (?), <hw>East"wards</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the east; in the direction of east
from some point or place; as, New Haven lies <i>eastward</i> from New
York.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eas"y</hw> (&emacr;z"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Easier</u> (-&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Easiest</u>.] [OF. <i>aisi&eacute;</i>,
F. <i>ais&eacute;</i>, prop. p. p. of OF. <i>aisier</i>. See
<u>Ease</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At
ease; free from pain, trouble, or constraint</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Free from pain, distress, toil, exertion,
and the like; quiet; as, the patient is <i>easy</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Free from care, responsibility, discontent,
and the like; not anxious; tranquil; as, an <i>easy</i> mind.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Free from constraint, harshness, or
formality; unconstrained; smooth; as, <i>easy</i> manners; an
<i>easy</i> style.</def> "The <i>easy</i> vigor of a line."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not causing, or attended with, pain or
disquiet, or much exertion; affording ease or rest; as, an
<i>easy</i> carriage; a ship having an <i>easy</i> motion;
<i>easy</i> movements, as in dancing.</def> "<i>Easy</i> ways to
die."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not difficult; requiring little labor or
effort; slight; inconsiderable; as, an <i>easy</i> task; an
<i>easy</i> victory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were an <i>easy</i> leap.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Causing ease; giving freedom from care or
labor; furnishing comfort; commodious; as, <i>easy</i> circumstances;
an <i>easy</i> chair or cushion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not making resistance or showing
unwillingness; tractable; yielding; complying; ready.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gained their <i>easy</i> hearts.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is too tyrannical to be an <i>easy</i>
monarch.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Moderate; sparing; frugal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Not straitened as to money
matters; as, the market is <i>easy</i>; -- opposed to
<i>tight</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Honors are easy</b></col> <i>(Card Playing)</i>, <cd>said
when each side has an equal number of honors, in which case they are
not counted as points.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Quiet; comfortable; manageable; tranquil; calm;
facile; unconcerned.</p>

<p><hw>Eas"y-chair`</hw> (&emacr;z"&ybreve;*ch&acirc;r`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An armchair for ease or repose.</def>
"Laugh . . . in Rabelais' <i>easy-chair</i>."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eas"y-go`ing</hw> (-g&omacr;`&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Moving easily; hence, mild-tempered; ease-loving;
inactive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eat</hw> (&emacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Ate</u> (&amacr;t; 277), Obsolescent &
Colloq. <u>Eat</u> (&ebreve;t); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Eaten</u>
(&emacr;t"'n), Obs. or Colloq. <u>Eat</u> (&ebreve;t); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Eating</u>.] [OE. <i>eten</i>, AS. <i>etan</i>;
akin to OS. <i>etan</i>, OFries. <i>eta</i>, D. <i>eten</i>, OHG.
<i>ezzan</i>, G. <i>essen</i>, Icel. <i>eta</i>, Sw. <i>&auml;ta</i>,
Dan. <i>&aelig;de</i>, Goth. <i>itan</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>ith</i>, W.
<i>ysu</i>, L. <i>edere</i>, Gr. <grk>'e`dein</grk>, Skr. <i>ad</i>.
&radic;6.  Cf. <u>Etch</u>, <u>Fret</u> to rub, <u>Edible</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To chew and swallow as food; to devour; --
said especially of food not liquid; as, to <i>eat</i> bread.</def>
"To <i>eat</i> grass as oxen."  <i>Dan. iv. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . <i>ate</i> the sacrifices of the
dead.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cvi. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lean . . . did <i>eat</i> up the first seven fat
kine.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xli. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lion had not <i>eaten</i> the
carcass.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xiii. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With stories told of many a feat,<BR>
How fairy Mab the junkets <i>eat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The island princes overbold<BR>
Have <i>eat</i> our substance.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His wretched estate is <i>eaten</i> up with
mortgages.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To corrode, as metal, by rust; to consume
the flesh, as a cancer; to waste or wear away; to destroy gradually;
to cause to disappear.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To eat humble pie</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Humble</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To eat of</b></col> <cd>(partitive
use).</cd> "<i>Eat of</i> the bread that can not waste."
<i>Keble.</i> -- <col><b>To eat one's words</b></col>, <cd>to retract
what one has said. (See the Citation under <u>Blurt</u>.)</cd> --
<col><b>To eat out</b></col>, <cd>to consume completely.</cd> "<i>Eat
out</i> the heart and comfort of it."  <i>Tillotson.</i> --
<col><b>To eat the wind out of a vessel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to gain slowly to windward of her.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To consume; devour; gnaw; corrode.</p>

<p><hw>Eat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take food; to feed; especially, to take solid, in distinction from
liquid, food; to board.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He did <i>eat</i> continually at the king's
table.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. ix. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To taste or relish; as, it <i>eats</i>
like tender beef.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make one's way slowly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To eat</b></col>, <col><b>To eat in</b></col> or
<col><b>into</b></col>, <cd>to make way by corrosion; to gnaw; to
consume.</cd> "A sword laid by, which <i>eats into</i> itself."
<i>Byron.</i> -- <col><b>To eat to windward</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to keep the course when closehauled with but little steering; --
said of a vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eat"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being eaten; fit to be eaten; proper for food;
esculent; edible.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something fit to
be eaten.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eat"age</hw> (-&asl;j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Eatable
growth of grass for horses and cattle, esp. that of
aftermath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eat"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, eats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eath</hw> (&emacr;th), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>e&aacute;&eth;e</i>.] <def>Easy or easily.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Eath</i> to move with plaints."  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eat"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of tasking food; the act of consuming or
corroding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something fit to be eaten; food; as, a
peach is good <i>eating</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Eating house</b></col>, <cd>a house where cooked
provisions are sold, to be eaten on the premises.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Eau` de Co*logne"</hw> (?). [F. <i>eau</i> water (L.
<i>aqua</i>) +  <i>de</i> of + <i>Cologne</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Cologne</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eau` de vie"</hw> (?). [F., water of life; <i>eau</i> (L.
<i>aqua</i>) water  + <i>de</i> of + <i>vie</i> (L. <i>vita</i>)
life.] <def>French name for brandy.  Cf. <i>Aqua vit&aelig;</i>,
under <u>Aqua</u>.</def>  <i>Bescherelle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eave"drop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drop from the
eaves; eavesdrop.</def> [R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eaves</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE. <i>evese</i>,
pl. <i>eveses</i>, AS. <i>efese</i> eaves, brim, brink; akin to OHG.
<i>obisa</i>, <i>opasa</i>, porch, hall, MHG. <i>obse</i> eaves,
Icel. <i>ups</i>, Goth. <i>ubizwa</i> porch; cf. Icel. <i>upsar</i>-
dropi, OSw. <i>ops&auml;</i>-drup water dropping from the eaves.
Probably from the root of E. <i>over</i>. The <i>s</i> of
<i>eaves</i> is in English regarded as a plural ending, though not so
in Saxon. See <u>Over</u>, and cf. <u>Eavesdrop</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The edges or lower borders of
the roof of a building, which overhang the walls, and cast off the
water that falls on the roof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Brow; ridge.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Eaves</i> of
the hill."  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Eyelids or eyelashes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And closing <i>eaves</i> of wearied eyes.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Eaves board</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an arris fillet,
or a thick board with a feather edge, nailed across the rafters at
the eaves of a building, to raise the lower course of slates a
little, or to receive the lowest course of tiles; -- called also
<i>eaves catch</i> and <i>eaves lath</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Eaves
channel</b></col>, <col><b>Eaves gutter</b></col>, <col><b>Eaves
trough</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Gutter</u>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Eaves
molding</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a molding immediately below the
eaves, acting as a cornice or part of a cornice.</cd> --
<col><b>Eaves swallow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The cliff swallow; -- so called from its
habit of building retort-shaped nests of mud under the eaves of
buildings. See <i>Cliff swallow</i>, under <u>Cliff</u>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The European swallow.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eaves"drop`</hw> (&emacr;vz"dr&obreve;p`), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<i>Eaves</i> + <i>drop</i>.] <def>To stand under the
eaves, near a window or at the door, of a house, to listen and learn
what is said within doors; hence, to listen secretly to what is said
in private.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>eavesdrop</i> in disguises.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eaves"drop`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The water which
falls in drops from the eaves of a house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eaves"drop`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stands under the eaves, or near the window or door of a house, to
listen; hence, a secret listener.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eaves"drop`ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The habit of lurking about dwelling houses, and other places
where persons meet for private intercourse, secretly listening to
what is said, and then tattling it abroad. The offense is indictable
at common law.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ebb</hw> (&ebreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European bunting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ebb</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ebba</i>; akin to
Fries. <i>ebba</i>, D. <i>eb</i>, <i>ebbe</i>, Dan. &amp; G. <i>ebbe</i>,
Sw. <i>ebb</i>, cf. Goth. <i>ibuks</i> backward; prob. akin to E.
<i>even.</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The reflux or flowing back of
the tide; the return of the tidal wave toward the sea; -- opposed to
<i>flood</i>; as, the boats will go out on the <i>ebb</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shoreless flood which in thy <i>ebb</i> and
flow<BR>
Claspest the limits of morality!</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or time of passing away; a
falling from a better to a worse state; low state or condition;
decline; decay.</def> "Our <i>ebb</i> of life."
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Painting was then at its lowest
<i>ebb</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ebb and flow</b></col>, <cd>the alternate ebb and flood of
the tide; often used figuratively.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>This alternation between unhealthy activity and
depression, this <i>ebb and flow</i> of the industrial.</blockquote>
<i>A. T. Hadley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ebb</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ebbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ebbing</u>.] [AS. <i>ebbian</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>ebben</i>,
Dan. <i>ebbe</i>. See 2d <u>Ebb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To flow
back; to return, as the water of a tide toward the ocean; -- opposed
to <i>flow</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That Power who bids the ocean <i>ebb</i> and
flow.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To return or fall back from a better to a
worse state; to decline; to decay; to recede.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hours of life <i>ebb</i> fast.</blockquote>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To recede; retire; withdraw; decay; decrease; wane;
sink; lower.</p>

<p><hw>Ebb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to flow
back.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ebb</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Receding; going out;
falling; shallow; low.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The water there is otherwise very low and
<i>ebb</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ebb" tide`</hw> (?). <def>The reflux of tide water; the
retiring tide; -- opposed to <i>flood tide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"bi*o*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>ebyon&imacr;m</i> poor people.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a
sect of heretics, in the first centuries of the church, whose
doctrine was a mixture of Judaism and Christianity. They denied the
divinity of Christ, regarding him as an inspired messenger, and
rejected much of the New Testament.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"bi*o*ni`tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>The system or doctrine of the Ebionites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eb"la*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Pyroxanthin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eb"lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>iblis</i>.]
<i>(Moham. Myth.)</i> <def>The prince of the evil spirits;
Satan.</def> [Written also <i>Eblees</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Eb"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of ebony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like ebony, especially in color; black;
dark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Night, sable goddess! from her <i>ebon</i>
throne.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eb"on</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ebony.</def> [Poetic]
"Framed of <i>ebon</i> and ivory."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eb"on*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who works in
ebony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eb"on*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
hard, black variety of vulcanite. It may be cut and polished, and is
used for many small articles, as combs and buttons, and for
insulating material in electric apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eb"on*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ebonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ebonizing</u>.] <def>To make black, or stain black, in imitation
of ebony; as, to <i>ebonize</i> wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eb"on*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ebonies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>&eacute;b&egrave;ne</i>, L.
<i>ebenus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; prob. of Semitic origin; cf. Heb.
<i>hobn&imacr;m</i>, pl.  Cf. <u>Ebon</u>.] <def>A hard, heavy, and
durable wood, which admits of a fine polish or gloss. The usual color
is black, but it also occurs red or green.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The finest black ebony is the heartwood of <i>Diospyros
reticulata</i>, of the Mauritius. Other species of the same genus
(<i>D. Ebenum</i>, <i>Melanoxylon</i>, etc.), furnish the ebony of
the East Indies and Ceylon. The West Indian green ebony is from a
leguminous tree (<i>Brya Ebenus</i>), and from the <i>Exc&aelig;caria
glandulosa</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Eb"on*y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of ebony, or
resembling ebony; black; as, an <i>ebony</i> countenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>ebony</i> bird beguiling my sad fancy into
smiling.</blockquote> <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*brac"te*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-</i>
+ <i>bracteate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Without bracts.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*brac"te*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-
</i> + <i>bracteolate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Without bracteoles, or
little bracts; -- said of a pedicel or flower stalk.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*brau"ke</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Hebraicus</i>:
cf. F. <i>H&eacute;bra&iuml;que</i>.] <def>Hebrew.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*bri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ebrieties</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>ebrietas</i>, from.
<i>ebrius</i> intoxicated: cf. F. <i>&eacute;bri&eacute;te</i>.  Cf.
<u>So&?;er</u>.] <def>Drunkenness; intoxication by spirituous
liquors; inebriety.</def> "Ruinous <i>ebriety</i>."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><! p. 468 !></p>

<p><hw>E*bril"lade</hw> (&esl;*br&ibreve;l"l&abreve;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A bridle check; a jerk
of one rein, given to a horse when he refuses to turn.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`bri*os"i*ty</hw>
(&emacr;`br&ibreve;*&obreve;s"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ebriositas</i>, from <i>ebriousus</i>
given to drinking, fr. <i>ebrius</i>. See <u>Ebriety</u>.]
<def>Addiction to drink; habitual drunkenness.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"bri*ous</hw> (&emacr;`br&ibreve;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ebrius</i>.] <def>Inclined to drink to
excess; intoxicated; tipsy.</def> [R.]  <i>M. Collins.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*bul"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To boil or
bubble up.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*bul"lience</hw> (?; 106), <hw>E*bul"lien*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boiling up or over; effervescence.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*bul"lient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ebulliens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>ebullire</i> to boil
up, bubble up; <i>e</i> out, from + <i>bullire</i> to boil. See 1st
<u>Boil</u>.] <def>Boiling up or over; hence, manifesting
exhilaration or excitement, as of feeling; effervescing.</def>
"<i>Ebullient</i> with subtlety."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ebullient</i> enthusiasm of the
French.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*bul"li*o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ebullire</i> to boil up + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Phys. Chem.)</i>
<def>An instrument for observing the boiling point of liquids,
especially for determining the alcoholic strength of a mixture by the
temperature at which it boils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eb`ul*li"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;bullition</i>, L. <i>ebullitio</i>, fr. <i>ebullire</i>.
See <u>Ebullient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A boiling or bubbling
up of a liquid; the motion produced in a liquid by its rapid
conversion into vapor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Effervescence occasioned by fermentation
or by any other process which causes the liberation of a gas or an
a&euml;riform fluid, as in the mixture of an acid with a carbonated
alkali.</def> [Formerly written <i>bullition</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sudden burst or violent display; an
outburst; as, an <i>ebullition</i> of anger or ill temper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eb"ur*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A composition of
dust of ivory or of bone with a cement; -- used for imitations of
valuable stones and in making moldings, seals, etc.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`bur*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eburnus</i> of ivory, fr. <i>ebur</i> ivory: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;burnation</i>. See <u>Ivory</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
condition of bone cartilage occurring in certain diseases of these
tissues, in which they acquire an unnatural density, and come to
resemble ivory.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*bur"ne*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eburneus</i>, fr. <i>ebur</i> ivory. See <u>Ivory</u>.] <def>Made
of or relating to ivory.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*bur`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eburnus</i> of ivory (fr. <i>ebur</i> ivory) + <i>facere</i> to
make.] <def>The conversion of certain substances into others which
have the appearance or characteristics of ivory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eb"ur*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to ivory.</def> "[She] read from tablet <i>eburnine</i>."
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||E*car"di*nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>e</i> out, without + <i>cardo</i> a hinge.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of Brachiopoda; the Lyopomata. See
<u>Brachiopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`car`t&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
prop. fr. <i>&eacute;carter</i> to reject, discard.] <def>A game at
cards, played usually by two persons, in which the players may
discard any or all of the cards dealt and receive others from the
pack.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*cau"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-</i> +
<i>caudate</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Without a tail
or spur.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Tailless.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec*bal"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;. See <u>Ecbole</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of cucurbitaceous
plants consisting of the single species <i>Ecballium agreste</i> (or
<i>Elaterium</i>), the squirting cucumber. Its fruit, when ripe,
bursts and violently ejects its seeds, together with a mucilaginous
juice, from which elaterium, a powerful cathartic medicine, is
prepared.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec"ba*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; a
going out, issue, or event; &?; out + &?; to go.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<def>A figure in which the orator treats of things according to their
events consequences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*bat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ecbasis</u>.]
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Denoting a mere result or consequence, as
distinguished from <i>telic</i>, which denotes intention or purpose;
thus the phrase &?; &?;, if rendered "<i>so that</i> it was
fulfilled," is ecbatic; if rendered "<i>in order that</i> it might
be." etc., is telic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec"bo*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
throwing out, a digression, fr. &?; to throw out; &?; out of + &?; to
throw.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A digression in which a person is
introduced speaking his own words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*bol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ecbole</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A drug, as ergot, which by exciting uterine
contractions promotes the expulsion of the contents of the
uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"bo*line</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
throwing out; &?; out + &?; to throw.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
alkaloid constituting the active principle of ergot; -- so named from
its power of producing abortion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec`ca*le*o"bi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to
call out (&?; out of + &?; to call) + &?; life.] <def>A contrivance
for hatching eggs by artificial heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec"ce ho"mo</hw> (?). [L., behold the man. See John xix. 5.]
<i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A picture which represents the Savior as given
up to the people by Pilate, and wearing a crown of thorns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cen"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>excentrique</i>, formerly also spelled <i>eccentrique</i>, fr. LL.
<i>eccentros</i> out of the center, eccentric, Gr. &?;; &?; out of +
&?; center. See <u>Ex-</u>, and <u>Center</u>, and cf.
<u>Excentral</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deviating or departing
from the center, or from the line of a circle; as, an
<i>eccentric</i> or elliptical orbit; pertaining to deviation from
the center or from true circular motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not having the same center; -- said of
circles, ellipses, spheres, etc., which, though coinciding, either in
whole or in part, as to area or volume, have not the same center; --
opposed to <i>concentric</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Pertaining to an eccentric;
as, the <i>eccentric</i> rod in a steam engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not coincident as to motive or
end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His own ends, which must needs be often
<i>eccentric</i> to those of his master.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Deviating from stated methods, usual
practice, or established forms or laws; deviating from an appointed
sphere or way; departing from the usual course; irregular; anomalous;
odd; as, <i>eccentric</i> conduct.</def> "This brave and
<i>eccentric</i> young man."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He shines <i>eccentric</i>, like a comet's
blaze.</blockquote> <i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Eccentric anomaly</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Anomaly</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Eccentric chuck</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a lathe chuck so constructed that the work held
by it may be altered as to its center of motion, so as to produce
combinations of eccentric combinations of eccentric circles.</cd> --
<col><b>Eccentric gear</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The whole apparatus, strap, and other parts, by which the motion
of an eccentric is transmitted, as in the steam engine.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A cogwheel set to turn about an eccentric
axis used to give variable rotation.</cd> --
<col><b>Eccentric</b></col> <col><b>hook or gab</b></col>, <cd>a
hook-shaped journal box on the end of an eccentric rod, opposite the
strap.</cd> -- <col><b>Eccentric rod</b></col>, <cd>the rod that
connects as eccentric strap with any part to be acted upon by the
eccentric.</cd> -- <col><b>Eccentric sheave</b></col>, or
<col><b>Eccentric pulley</b></col>, <cd>an eccentric.</cd> --
<col><b>Eccentric strap</b></col>, <cd>the ring, operating as a
journal box, that encircles and receives motion from an eccentric; --
called also <i>eccentric hoop</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Irregular; anomalous; singular; odd; peculiar;
erratic; idiosyncratic; strange; whimsical.</p>

<p><hw>Ec*cen"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A circle not having the same center as another contained in some
measure within the first.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, deviates from
regularity; an anomalous or irregular person or thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In
the Ptolemaic system, the supposed circular orbit of a planet about
the earth, but with the earth not in its center.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A circle described about the center of an
elliptical orbit, with half the major axis for radius.</def>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A disk or wheel so arranged
upon a shaft that the center of the wheel and that of the shaft do
not coincide. It is used for operating valves in steam engines, and
for other purposes. The motion derived is precisely that of a crank
having the same throw.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Back eccentric</b></col>, <cd>the eccentric that reverses
or backs the valve gear and the engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore
eccentric</b></col>, <cd>the eccentric that imparts a forward motion
to the valve gear and the engine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cen"tric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Eccentric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cen"tric*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
eccentric manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drove <i>eccentrically</i> here and
there.</blockquote> <i>Lew Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec`cen*tric"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Eccentricities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>excentricit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of
being eccentric; deviation from the customary line of conduct;
oddity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The ratio of the distance
between the center and the focus of an ellipse or hyperbola to its
semi-transverse axis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The ratio of the distance
of the center of the orbit of a heavenly body from the center of the
body round which it revolves to the semi-transverse axis of the
orbit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The distance of the center
of figure of a body, as of an eccentric, from an axis about which it
turns; the throw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"chy*mose</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>To discolor by the production of an ecchymosis, or effusion of
blood, beneath the skin; -- chiefly used in the passive form; as, the
parts were much <i>ecchymosed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec`chy*mo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ecchymoses</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
extravasate; &?; out of + &?; to pour.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A livid or
black and blue spot, produced by the extravasation or effusion of
blood into the areolar tissue from a contusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec`chy*mot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to ecchymosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European green woodpecker; -- also called <i>ecall</i>,
<i>eaquall</i>, <i>yaffle</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ec*cle"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ecclesi&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>The public legislative
assembly of the Athenians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A church, either as a body
or as a building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cle"si*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ecclesiastical.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cle"si*arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>ecclesiarcha</i>, fr. Gr. &?; church + &?; to rule: cf. F.
<i>eccl&eacute;siarque</i>.] <def>An official of the Eastern Church,
resembling a sacrist in the Western Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cle"si*ast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastic.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Apocryphal book of
Ecclesiasticus.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ec*cle`si*as"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?; a preacher. See <u>Ecclesiastic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>One of the canonical books of the Old Testament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cle`si*as"tic</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ecclesiasticus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; an assembly of citizens
called out by the crier; also, the church, fr. &?; called out, fr.
&?; to call out; &?; out + &?; to call. See <u>Ex-</u>, and
<u>Hale</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Haul</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the church. See <u>Ecclesiastical</u>.</def>
"<i>Ecclesiastic</i> government."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cle`si*as"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person in
holy orders, or consecrated to the service of the church and the
ministry of religion; a clergyman; a priest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From a humble <i>ecclesiastic</i>, he was subsequently
preferred to the highest dignities of the church.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cle`si*as"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ecclesiastical</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Of or pertaining to
the church; relating to the organization or government of the church;
not secular; as, <i>ecclesiastical</i> affairs or history;
<i>ecclesiastical</i> courts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every circumstance of <i>ecclesiastical</i> order and
discipline was an abomination.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ecclesiastical commissioners for England</b></col>, <cd>a
permanent commission established by Parliament in 1836, to consider
and report upon the affairs of the Established Church.</cd> --
<col><b>Ecclesiastical courts</b></col>, <cd>courts for maintaining
the discipline of the Established Church; -- called also <i>Christian
courts</i>.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Ecclesiastical law</b></col>,
<cd>a combination of civil and canon law as administered in
ecclesiastical courts.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Ecclesiastical
modes</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the church modes, or the scales
anciently used.</cd> -- <col><b>Ecclesiastical States</b></col>,
<cd>the territory formerly subject to the Pope of Rome as its
temporal ruler; -- called also <i>States of the Church</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cle`si*as"tic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In an ecclesiastical manner; according ecclesiastical
rules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cle`si*as"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Strong attachment to ecclesiastical usages, forms,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cle`si*as"ti*cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
book of the Apocrypha.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cle`si*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Belonging to ecclesiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cle`si*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in ecclesiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*cle`si*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Ecclesia</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science or theory of
church building and decoration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*crit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; secretive,
fr. &?; to choose out.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A remedy which promotes
discharges, as an emetic, or a cathartic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"der*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; out
+ &?;  skin.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Ecteron</u>.</def> --
<wf>Ec`der*on"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ec"dy*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ecdyses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'e`kdysis</grk> a
getting out, fr. <grk>'ekdy`ein</grk>, to put off; <grk>'ek</grk> out
+ <grk>dy`ein</grk> to enter.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The act of
shedding, or casting off, an outer cuticular layer, as in the case of
serpents, lobsters, etc.; a coming out; as, the <i>ecdysis</i> of the
pupa from its shell; exuviation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"go*nine</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`kgonos</grk> sprung from.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless,
crystalline, nitrogenous base, obtained by the decomposition of
cocaine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`chau`guette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A small chamber or place of protection for a sentinel, usually
in the form of a projecting turret, or the like. See
<u>Castle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ech"e</hw> (&emacr;sh"<i>e</i>), <pos><i>a. or a.
pron.</i></pos> <def>Each.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ech"e*lon</hw> (&ebreve;sh"<i>e</i>*l&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>&eacute;chelle</i> ladder, fr. L.
<i>scala</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An arrangement
of a body of troops when its divisions are drawn up in parallel lines
each to the right or the left of the one in advance of it, like the
steps of a ladder in position for climbing. Also used adjectively;
as, <i>echelon</i> distance.</def>  <i>Upton (Tactics).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naval)</i> <def>An arrangement of a fleet
in a wedge or <universbold>V</universbold> formation.</def>
<i>Encyc. Dict.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Echelon lens</b></col> <i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>a large lens
constructed in several parts or layers, extending in a succession of
annular rings beyond the central lens; -- used in
lighthouses.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ech"e*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>To place in echelon; to station divisions of troops in
echelon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ech"e*lon</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take position
in echelon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Change direction to the left, <i>echelon</i> by
battalion from the right.</blockquote> <i>Upton (Tactics).</i></p>

<p><hw>||E*chid"na</hw> (&esl;*k&ibreve;d"n&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a viper, adder, Gr. <grk>'e`chidna</grk>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>A monster, half maid and
half serpent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
<i>Monotremata</i> found in Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea. They
are toothless and covered with spines; -- called also <i>porcupine
ant-eater</i>, and <i>Australian ant-eater</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*chid"nine</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Echidna</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The clear, viscid fluid secreted
by the poison glands of certain serpents; also, a nitrogenous base
contained in this, and supposed to be the active poisonous principle
of the virus.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ech"i*nate</hw> (?), <hw>Ech"i*na`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>echinatus</i>. See <u>Echinus</u>.]
<def>Set with prickles; prickly, like a hedgehog; bristled; as, an
<i>echinated</i> pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*chi"nid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Echinoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*chin"i*dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;chinide</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One the
Echinoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*chin"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, or like,
an echinite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ech"i*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;chinite</i>. See <u>Echinus</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A
fossil echinoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*chi`no*coc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; hedgehog, sea urchin + &?; grain, seed. So called because
forming little granular bodies, each armed with hooklets and disposed
upon the inner wall of the hydatid cysts.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
parasite of man and of many domestic and wild animals, forming
compound cysts or tumors (called hydatid cysts) in various organs,
but especially in the liver and lungs, which often cause death. It is
the larval stage of the <i>T&aelig;nia echinococcus</i>, a small
tapeworm peculiar to the dog.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*chin"o*derm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Echinodermata.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*chi`no*der"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Relating or belonging to the
echinoderms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*chi`no*der"ma*ta</hw>
(&esl;*k&imacr;`n&osl;*d&etilde;r"m&adot;*t&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'echi^nos</grk> hedgehog, sea urchin
+ <grk>de`rma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, skin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the grand divisions of the animal kingdom. By many
writers it was formerly included in the Radiata.</def> [Written also
<i>Echinoderma</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 469 !></p>

<p>&fist; The species usually have an exterior calcareous skeleton,
or shell, made of many pieces, and often covered with spines, to
which the name. They may be star-shaped, cylindrical, disk-shaped, or
more or less spherical. The body consists of several similar parts
(<i>spheromeres</i>) repeated symmetrically around a central axis, at
one end of which the mouth is situated. They generally have suckers
for locomotion. The group includes the following classes: Crinoidea,
Asterioidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea, and Holothurioidea. See these
words in the Vocabulary, and also <u>Ambulacrum</u>.</p>

<p><hw>E*chi`no*der"ma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Relating to Echinodermata;
echinodermal.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*chi"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Echinus</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Echinoidea.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Echinoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ech`i*noi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Echinus</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The class
Echinodermata which includes the sea urchins.  They have a calcareous
shell, usually more or less spheroidal or disk-shaped, composed of
many united plates, and covered with movable spines. See
<u>Spatangoid</u>, <u>Clypeastroid</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>Echinidea</i>, and <i>Echinoida</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||E*chi`no*zo"a</hw> (&esl;*k&imacr;`n&osl;*z&omacr;"&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'echi^nos</grk> an
echinus + <grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Echinodermata.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*chin"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Set with small spines or prickles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*chi"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Echini</b></plw> (#). [L., a hedgehog, sea urchin, Gr.
<grk>'echi^nos</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
hedgehog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
echinoderms, including the common edible sea urchin of
Europe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
rounded molding forming the bell of the capital of the Grecian Doric
style, which is of a peculiar elastic curve. See
<u>Entablature</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The quarter-round
molding (ovolo) of the Roman Doric style. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Column</u></def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A name sometimes given
to the egg and anchor or egg and dart molding, because that ornament
is often identified with the Roman Doric capital.  The name probably
alludes to the shape of the shell of the sea urchin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ech`i*u*roi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. <i>echiurus</i>, the name of one genus (Gr. <grk>'e`chis</grk> an
adder + <grk>o'yra`</grk> tail) + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of Annelida which includes the genus <i>Echiurus</i>
and allies. They are often classed among the Gephyrea, and called the
<i>armed Gephyreans</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ech"o</hw> (&ebreve;k"&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Echoes</b></plw> (&ebreve;k"&omacr;z). [L. <i>echo</i>, Gr.
<grk>'hchw`</grk> echo, sound, akin to <grk>'hchh`</grk>,
<grk>'h^chos</grk>, sound, noise; cf. Skr. <i>v&amacr;&ccedil;</i> to
sound, bellow; perh. akin to E. <i>voice</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;cho</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sound reflected from
an opposing surface and repeated to the ear of a listener;
repercussion of sound; repetition of a sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The babbling <i>echo</i> mocks the
hounds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The woods shall answer, and the <i>echo</i>
ring.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Sympathetic recognition; response;
answer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fame is the <i>echo</i> of actions, resounding
them.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many kind, and sincere speeches found an <i>echo</i>
in his heart.</blockquote> <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Myth. &amp; Poetic)</i>
<def>A wood or mountain nymph, regarded as repeating, and causing the
reverberation of them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet <i>Echo</i>, sweetest nymph, that liv'st
unseen<BR>
Within thy airy shell.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>A nymph, the daughter
of Air and Earth, who, for love of Narcissus, pined away until
nothing was left of her but her voice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Compelled me to awake the courteous <i>Echo</i><BR>
To give me answer from her mossy couch.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Echo organ</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a set organ pipes
inclosed in a box so as to produce a soft, distant effect; --
generally superseded by the swell.</cd> -- <col><b>Echo
stop</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a stop upon a harpsichord contrived
for producing the soft effect of distant sound.</cd> -- <col><b>To
applaud to the echo</b></col>, <cd>to give loud and continuous
applause.</cd>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I would <i>applaud</i> thee <i>to the very
echo</i>,<BR>
That should applaud again.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ech"o</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Echoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Echoing</u>. -- <pos><i>3d pers. sing.  pres.</i></pos>
<u>Echoes</u> (&?;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To send back (a sound);
to repeat in sound; to reverberate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those peals are <i>echoed</i> by the Trojan
throng.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wondrous sound<BR>
Is <i>echoed</i> on forever.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To repeat with assent; to respond; to
adopt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They would have <i>echoed</i> the praises of the men
whom they &?;nvied, and then have sent to the newspaper anonymous
libels upon them.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ech"o</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give an echo; to
resound; to be sounded back; as, the hall <i>echoed</i> with
acclamations.</def> "<i>Echoing</i> noise."  <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ech"o*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, echoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ech"o*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without echo or
response.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*chom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
sound + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;chom&egrave;tre</i>.]
<i>(Mus)</i> <def>A graduated scale for measuring the duration of
sounds, and determining their different, and the relation of their
intervals.</def>  <i>J. J. Rousseau.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*chom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;chom&eacute;trie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of
measuring the duration of sounds or echoes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of constructing vaults to produce
echoes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ech*on"</hw> (?), <hw>Ech*oon"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>Each one.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ech"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
sound + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument for
intensifying sounds produced by percussion of the thorax.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`clair"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A kind of frosted cake, containing flavored
cream.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*clair"cise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;claircir</i>; pref. <i>es-</i> (L. <i>ex</i>) +
<i>clair</i> clear, L. <i>clarus</i>.] <def>To make clear; to clear
up what is obscure or not understood; to explain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*clair"cisse*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>&eacute;claircir</i>. See <u>Eclaircise</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>The clearing up of anything which is obscure or
not easily understood; an explanation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>eclaircissement</i> ended in the discovery of
the informer.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ec*lamp"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; a shining forth, fr. &?; to shine forth; &?;  out + &?; to
shine.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A fancied perception of flashes of light,
a symptom of epilepsy; hence, epilepsy itself; convulsions.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is generally restricted to a convulsive affection
attending pregnancy and parturition, and to infantile
convulsions.</p>

<p><hw>||Ec*lamp"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Eclampsia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*clat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>&eacute;clat</i>
a fragment, splinter, explosion, brilliancy, splendor, fr.
<i>&eacute;clater</i> to splinter, burst, explode, shine brilliantly,
prob. of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>sleizan</i> to slit, split, fr.
<i>sl&imacr;zan</i>, G. <i>schleissen</i>; akin to E. <i>slit</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Brilliancy of success or effort; splendor;
brilliant show; striking effect; glory; renown.</def> "The
<i>eclat</i> of Homer's battles."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Demonstration of admiration and
approbation; applause.</def>  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec*lec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
pick out, choose out: cf. F. <i>&eacute;clectique</i>. See
<u>Eclogue</u>, and cf. <u>Elect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Selecting; choosing (what is true or excellent in doctrines,
opinions, etc.) from various sources or systems; as, an
<i>eclectic</i> philosopher.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting, or made up, of what is chosen
or selected; as, an <i>eclectic</i> method; an <i>eclectic</i>
magazine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Eclectic physician</b></col>, one of a class of
practitioners of medicine, who select their modes of practice and
medicines from all schools; formerly, sometimes the same as
<i>botanic physician</i>. [U.S.] -- <col><b>Eclectic
school</b></col>. <i>(Paint.)</i> <cd>See <i>Bolognese school</i>,
under <u>Bolognese</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ec*lec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who follows
an eclectic method.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*lec"tic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
eclectic manner; by an eclectic method.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*lec"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;clecticisme</i>.  Cf. <u>Electicism</u>.] <def>Theory or
practice of an eclectic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*legm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;clegme</i>, L. <i>ecligma</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
lick up.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine made by mixing oils with
sirups.</def>  <i>John Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*clipse"</hw> (&esl;*kl&ibreve;ps"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;clipse</i>, L. <i>eclipsis</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>'e`kleipsis</grk>, prop., a forsaking, failing, fr.
<grk>'eklei`pein</grk> to leave out, forsake; <grk>'ek</grk> out +
<grk>lei`pein</grk> to leave. See <u>Ex-</u>, and <u>Loan</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An interception or
obscuration of the light of the sun, moon, or other luminous body, by
the intervention of some other body, either between it and the eye,
or between the luminous body and that illuminated by it. A lunar
eclipse is caused by the moon passing through the earth's shadow; a
solar eclipse, by the moon coming between the sun and the observer. A
satellite is eclipsed by entering the shadow of its primary. The
obscuration of a planet or star by the moon or a planet, though of
the nature of an eclipse, is called an <i>occultation</i>. The
eclipse of a small portion of the sun by Mercury or Venus is called a
<i>transit</i> of the planet.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In ancient times, eclipses were, and among unenlightened
people they still are, superstitiously regarded as forerunners of
evil fortune, a sentiment of which occasional use is made in
literature.</p>

<p><blockquote>That fatal and perfidious bark,<BR>
Built in the <i>eclipse</i>, and rigged with curses
dark.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The loss, usually temporary or partial, of
light, brilliancy, luster, honor, consciousness, etc.; obscuration;
gloom; darkness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the posterity of our fist parents suffered a
perpetual <i>eclipse</i> of spiritual life.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As in the soft and sweet <i>eclipse</i>,<BR>
When soul meets soul on lovers' lips.</blockquote>
<i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Annular eclipse</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Annular</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cycle of eclipses</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Cycle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*clipse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Eclipsed</u> (&esl;*kl&ibreve;pst"); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Eclipsing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause
the obscuration of; to darken or hide; -- said of a heavenly body;
as, the moon <i>eclipses</i> the sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obscure, darken, or extinguish the
beauty, luster, honor, etc., of; to sully; to cloud; to throw into
the shade by surpassing.</def> "His <i>eclipsed</i> state."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My joy of liberty is half
<i>eclipsed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*clipse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To suffer an
eclipse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While the laboring moon<BR>
<i>Eclipses</i> at their charms.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*clip"tic</hw> (&esl;*kl&ibreve;p"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;cliptique</i>, L. <i>linea
ecliptica</i>, Gr. <grk>'ekleiptiko`s</grk>, prop. adj., of an
eclipse, because in this circle eclipses of the sun and moon take
place. See <u>Ecliptic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A great circle of the celestial sphere, making
an angle with the equinoctial of about 23&deg; 28&prime;. It is the
apparent path of the sun, or the real path of the earth as seen from
the sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A great circle drawn on a
terrestrial globe, making an angle of 23&deg; 28&prime; with the
equator; -- used for illustrating and solving astronomical
problems.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*clip"tic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>eclipticus</i>
belonging to an eclipse, Gr. <grk>'ekleiptiko`s</grk>.  See
<u>Eclipse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the ecliptic;
as, the <i>ecliptic</i> way.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to an eclipse or to
eclipses.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lunar ecliptic limit</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
space of 12&deg; on the moon's orbit from the node, within which, if
the moon happens to be at full, it will be eclipsed.</cd> --
<col><b>Solar ecliptic limit</b></col>, <cd>the space of 17&deg; from
the lunar node, within which, if a conjunction of the sun and moon
occur, the sun will be eclipsed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ec"lo*gite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ecloque</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A rock consisting of granular red
garnet, light green smaragdite, and common hornblende; -- so called
in reference to its beauty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ecloga</i>, Gr.
&?; a selection, choice extracts, fr. &?; to pick out, choose out;
&?;  out + &?; to gather, choose: cf.  F. <i>&eacute;gloque</i>,
<i>&eacute;cloque</i>. See <u>Ex-</u>, and <u>Legend</u>.] <def>A
pastoral poem, in which shepherds are introduced conversing with each
other; a bucolic; an idyl; as, the <i>Ecloques</i> of Virgil, from
which the modern usage of the word has been established.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E`co*nom"ic</hw> (?; 277), <hw>E`co*nom"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>&eacute;conomique</i>, L.
<i>oeconomicus</i> orderly, methodical, Gr. &?; economical. See
<u>Economy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the household;
domestic.</def> "In this <i>economical</i> misfortune [of ill-
assorted matrimony.]"  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to domestic economy, or to the
management of household affairs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And doth employ her <i>economic</i> art<BR>
And busy care, her household to preserve.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Managing with frugality; guarding against
waste or unnecessary expense; careful and frugal in management and in
expenditure; -- said of character or habits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just rich enough, with <i>economic</i> care,<BR>
To save a pittance.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Managed with frugality; not marked with
waste or extravagance; frugal; -- said of acts; saving; as, an
<i>economical</i> use of money or of time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the means of living, or the
resources and wealth of a country; relating to political economy; as,
<i>economic</i> purposes; <i>economical</i> truths.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These matters <i>economical</i> and
political.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was no <i>economical</i> distress in England to
prompt the enterprises of colonization.</blockquote>
<i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Economic</i> questions, such as money, usury,
taxes, lands, and the employment of the people.</blockquote> <i>H. C.
Baird.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Regulative; relating to the adaptation of
means to an end.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Economical</i> is the usual form when meaning frugal,
saving; <i>economic</i> is the form commonly used when meaning
pertaining to the management of a household, or of public
affairs.</p>

<p><hw>E`co*nom"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
economy; with careful management; with prudence in
expenditure.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`co*nom"ics</hw> (&emacr;`k&ocr*;n&obreve;m"&ibreve;ks),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ta` o'ikonomika`</grk>, equiv. to
<grk>"h o'ikonomi`a</grk>. See <u>Economic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The science of household affairs, or of domestic
management.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Political economy; the science of the
utilities or the useful application of wealth or material resources.
See <i>Political economy</i>, under <u>Political</u>.</def> "In
politics and <i>economics</i>."  <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*con"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;conomiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
economizes, or manages domestic or other concerns with frugality; one
who expends money, time, or labor, judiciously, and without
waste.</def> "<i>Economists</i> even to parsimony."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is conversant with political
economy; a student of economics.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*con`o*mi*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or practice of using to the best effect.</def> [R.]  <i>H.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*con"o*mize</hw> (&esl;*k&obreve;n"&osl;*m&imacr;z),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Economized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Economizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;conomiser</i>.] <def>To
manage with economy; to use with prudence; to expend with frugality;
as, to <i>economize</i> one's income.</def> [Written also
<i>economise</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Expenses in the city were to be
<i>economized</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Calculating how to <i>economize</i> time.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*con"o*mize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
prudently sparing in expenditure; to be frugal and saving; as, to
<i>economize</i> in order to grow rich.</def> [Written also
<i>economise</i>.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*con"o*mi`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, economizes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: <i>(Steam Boilers)</i> An
arrangement of pipes for heating feed water by waste heat in the
gases passing to the chimney.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*con"o*my</hw> (-m&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Economies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>&eacute;conomie</i>, L.
<i>oeconomia</i> household management, fr. Gr.
<grk>o'ikonomi`a</grk>, fr. <grk>o'ikono`mos</grk> one managing a
household; <grk>o'i^kos</grk> house (akin to L. <i>vicus</i> village,
E. <i>vicinity</i>) + <grk>no`mos</grk>  usage, law, rule, fr.
<grk>ne`mein</grk> to distribute, manage. See <u>Vicinity</u>,
<u>Nomad</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The management of domestic
affairs; the regulation and government of household matters;
especially as they concern expense or disbursement; as, a careful
<i>economy</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Himself busy in charge of the household
<i>economies</i>.</blockquote> <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Orderly arrangement and management of the
internal affairs of a state or of any establishment kept up by
production and consumption; esp., such management as directly
concerns wealth; as, political <i>economy</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The system of rules and regulations by
which anything is managed; orderly system of regulating the
distribution and uses of parts, conceived as the result of wise and
economical adaptation in the author, whether human or divine; as, the
animal or vegetable <i>economy</i>; the <i>economy</i> of a poem; the
Jewish <i>economy</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The position which they [the verb and adjective] hold
in the general <i>economy</i> of language.</blockquote>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the Greek poets, as also in Plautus, we shall see
the <i>economy</i> . . . of poems better observed than in
Terence.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Jews already had a Sabbath, which, as citizens and
subjects of that <i>economy</i>, they were obliged to
keep.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Thrifty and frugal housekeeping;
management without loss or waste; frugality in expenditure; prudence
and disposition to save; as, a housekeeper accustomed to
<i>economy</i> but not to parsimony.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Political economy</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Political</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Economy</u>, <u>Frugality</u>, <u>Parsimony</u>.
<i>Economy</i> avoids all waste and extravagance, and applies money
to the best advantage; <i>frugality</i> cuts off indulgences, and
proceeds on a system of saving. The latter conveys the idea of not
using or spending superfluously, and is opposed to <i>lavishness</i>
or <i>profusion</i>. <i>Frugality</i> is usually applied to matters
of consumption, and commonly points to simplicity of manners;
<i>parsimony</i> is frugality carried to an extreme, involving
meanness of spirit, and a sordid mode of living. <i>Economy</i> is a
virtue, and <i>parsimony</i> a vice.</p>

<p><! p. 470 !></p>

<p><blockquote>I have no other notion of <i>economy</i> than that it
is the parent to liberty and ease.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The father was more given to <i>frugality</i>, and the
son to riotousness [luxuriousness].</blockquote> <i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`cor`ch&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A manikin, or image, representing an animal,
especially man, with the skin removed so that the muscles are exposed
for purposes of study.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`cos`saise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A dancing tune in the Scotch style.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*cos"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-</i> +
<i>costate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having no ribs or nerves; -- said
of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`coute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a
listening place.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>One of the small galleries run
out in front of the glacis. They serve to annoy the enemy's
miners.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec"pha*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?;  to speak out.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>An explicit
declaration.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec`pho*ne"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a thing called out, fr. &?; to cry out; <grk>'ek</grk> out + &?;
voice.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A breaking out with some interjectional
particle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"pho*neme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ecphonema</u>.] <def>A mark (!) used to indicate an
exclamation.</def>  <i>G. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ec`pho*ne"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;. See <u>Ecphonema</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>An animated or
passionate exclamation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The feelings by the <i>ecphonesis</i> are very
various.</blockquote> <i>Gibbs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec*phrac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from &?;
to open; <grk>'ek</grk> out + &?; to block up: cf. F.
<i>ecphractique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Serving to dissolve or
attenuate viscid matter, and so to remove obstructions;
deobstruent.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ecphractic
medicine.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`crase`ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation performed with an
&eacute;craseur.</def></p>

<p><hw>&Eacute;`cra`seur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>&eacute;craser</i> to crush.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument
intended to replace the knife in many operations, the parts operated
on being severed by the crushing effect produced by the gradual
tightening of a steel chain, so that hemorrhage rarely
follows.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`cru"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>crudus</i> raw.] <def>Having the color or appearance of unbleached
stuff, as silk, linen, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"sta*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ecstasies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>extase</i>, L.
<i>ecstasis</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to put out of place, derange;
&?; = <grk>'ek</grk> out + &?; to set, stand. See <u>Ex-</u>, and
<u>Stand</u>.] [Also written <i>extasy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being beside one's self or rapt out of one's self;
a state in which the mind is elevated above the reach of ordinary
impressions, as when under the influence of overpowering emotion; an
extraordinary elevation of the spirit, as when the soul, unconscious
of sensible objects, is supposed to contemplate heavenly
mysteries.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a mad prophet in an <i>ecstasy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the very <i>ecstasy</i> of love.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessive and overmastering joy or
enthusiasm; rapture; enthusiastic delight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He on the tender grass<BR>
Would sit, and hearken even to <i>ecstasy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Violent distraction of mind; violent
emotion; excessive grief of anxiety; insanity; madness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That unmatched form and feature of blown youth<BR>
Blasted with <i>ecstasy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our words will but increase his
<i>ecstasy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A state which consists in
total suspension of sensibility, of voluntary motion, and largely of
mental power. The body is erect and inflexible; the pulsation and
breathing are not affected.</def>  <i>Mayne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec"sta*sy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fill ecstasy,
or with rapture or enthusiasm.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The most <i>ecstasied</i> order of holy . . .
spirits.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec*stat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>extatique</i>.  See <u>Ecstasy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or caused by, ecstasy or
excessive emotion; of the nature, or in a state, of ecstasy; as,
<i>ecstatic</i> gaze; <i>ecstatic</i> trance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>ecstatic</i> fit of love and
jealousy.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Delightful beyond measure; rapturous;
ravishing; as, <i>ecstatic</i> bliss or joy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*stat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
enthusiast.</def> [R.]  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec*stat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ecstatic.</def>  <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to external objects.</def> [R.]
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec*stat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Rapturously; ravishingly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ect-</hw> (?), <hw>Ec"to-</hw> (?) }. [Gr. &?; outside.]
<def>A combining form signifying <i>without</i>, <i>outside</i>,
<i>external</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"tad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Ect-</i> + L.
<i>ad</i> towards.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Toward the outside or
surface; -- opposed to <i>entad</i>.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ect-</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or situated near, the surface;
outer; -- opposed to <i>ental</i>.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ec*ta"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ectasis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A dilatation of a hollow organ or
of a canal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec"ta*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>'ek</grk> out + &?; to stretch.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>The
lengthening of a syllable from short to long.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*ten"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; outside +
&?; inside.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Relating to, or connected with, the
two primitive germ layers, the ectoderm and ectoderm; as, the
"<i>ectental</i> line" or line of juncture of the two layers in the
segmentation of the ovum.</def>  <i>C. S. Minot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec"ter*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ect-</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The external layer of the skin and mucous
membranes; epithelium; ecderon.</def> -- <wf>Ec`ter*on"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ec*teth"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ect-</i> +
<i>ethmoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>External to the ethmoid;
prefrontal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec*thlip"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to squeeze out.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The dropping
out or suppression from a word of a consonant, with or without a
vowel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Lat. Pros.)</i> <def>The elision of a final
<i>m</i>, with the preceding vowel, before a word beginning with a
vowel.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec`tho*re"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ecthorea</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; to leap out;
<grk>ek</grk> out + &?;, &?;, to leap, dart.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The slender, hollow thread of a nettling cell or cnida. See
<u>Nettling cell</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>ecthor&aelig;um</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ec*thy"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ecthymata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; pimple, fr. &?; to
break out.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cutaneous eruption, consisting of
large, round pustules, upon an indurated and inflamed base.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec"to-</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Ect-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"to*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ecto-</i> + Gr.
&?; bud, germ.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The outer
layer of the blastoderm; the epiblast; the ectoderm.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The outer envelope of a cell; the cell
wall.</def>  <i>Agassiz.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ec`to*bron"chi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ectobronchia</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Ecto-</u>, and
<u>Bronchia</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the dorsal branches of
the main bronchi in the lungs of birds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ec`to*cu*ne"ri*form</hw> (?), <hw>Ec`to*cu"ni*form</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ecto-</i> + <i>cuneiform</i>,
<i>cuniform</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the bones of the tarsus.
See <u>Cuneiform</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"to*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ecto-</i> + Gr.
&?; bladder.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The outside covering of the
Bryozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"to*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ecto-</i> + <i>-
derm</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The outer layer of
the blastoderm; epiblast.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The external
skin or outer layer of an animal or plant, this being formed in an
animal from the epiblast. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Blastoderm</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ec`to*der"mal</hw> (?), <hw>Ec`to*der"mic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or relating to the
ectoderm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec`to*lec"i*thal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ecto-</i>
+ Gr.  &?; the yolk of an egg.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the food
yolk, at the commencement of segmentation, in a peripheral position,
and the cleavage process confined to the center of the egg; as,
<i>ectolecithal</i> ova.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"to*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ecto-</i> + <i>-
mere</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The more transparent cells, which
finally become external, in many segmenting ova, as those of
mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec`to*par"a*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any parasite which lives on the exterior of
animals; -- opposed to <i>endoparasite</i>.</def> --
<wf>Ec`to*par`a*sit"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ec*to"pi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'ek</grk> out + &?; place.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid
displacement of parts, especially such as is congenial; as,
<i>ectopia</i> of the heart, or of the bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*top"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Out of place; congenitally displaced; as, an <i>ectopic</i>
organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"to*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ecto-</i> + Gr.
&?; form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The outer
transparent layer of protoplasm in a developing ovum.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The outer hyaline layer of protoplasm in a
vegetable cell.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The ectosarc of
protozoan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec`to*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ecto-</i> +
Gr. &?; to mold.] <def>Pertaining to, or composed of,
ectoplasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec`to*proc"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; outside + &?; the anus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
Bryozoa in which the anus lies outside the circle of
tentacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"to*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Ectopia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ect*or"gan*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ect-</i> +
<i>organism</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An external parasitic
organism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"to*sarc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>   [<i>Ecto-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, flesh.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The semisolid external
layer of protoplasm in some unicellular organisms, as the
am&oelig;ba; ectoplasm; exoplasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*tos"te*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to ectostosis; as, <i>ectosteal</i>
ossification.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec`tos*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ect-</u>, and <u>Ostosis</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A process of
bone formation in which ossification takes place in the perichondrium
and either surrounds or gradually replaces the cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec`to*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Epizoic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec`to*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ectozoa</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'ekto`s</grk>
outside outside + <grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Epizo&ouml;n</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec*tro"pi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; a turning aside; &?; from + &?; to turn.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An unnatural eversion of the eyelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ec*tro"pi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Ectropion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*trot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; for
abortion; <grk>'ek</grk> out + &?; to wound, cause mischief to.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having a tendency to prevent the development of
anything, especially of a disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"ty*pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ectypus</i>
worked in high relief, Gr. &?;; <grk>'ek</grk> out + &?; stamp,
figure. See <u>Type</u>.] <def>Copied, reproduced as a molding or
cast, in contradistinction from the original model.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ectype</i>.
See <u>Ectypal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Classical
Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A copy, as in pottery,
of an artist's original work. Hence:</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
work sculptured in relief, as a cameo, or in bas-relief (in this
sense used loosely).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A copy from an original; a type of
something that has previously existed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some regarded him [Klopstock] as an <i>ectype</i> of
the ancient prophets.</blockquote> <i>Eng. Cyc. .</i></p>

<p><hw>Ec`ty*pog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ectype</i>
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A method of etching in which the design upon
the plate is produced in relief.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ec`u*men"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ec`u*men"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oecumenicus</i>, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;) the
inhabited world, fr. &?; to inhabit, from &?; house, dwelling. See
<u>Economy</u>.] <def>General; universal; in ecclesiastical usage,
that which concerns the whole church; as, an <i>ecumenical</i>
council.</def> [Written also <i>&oelig;cumenical</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Ecumenical Bishop</b></col>, <cd>a title assumed by the
popes.</cd> -- <col><b>Ecumenical council</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Council</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ec"u*rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Equerry</u>.] <def>A stable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec"ze*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'e`kzema</grk>; <grk>"ek</grk> out + <grk>zei^n</grk> to boil.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inflammatory disease of the skin, characterized
by the presence of redness and itching, an eruption of small
vesicles, and the discharge of a watery exudation, which often dries
up, leaving the skin covered with crusts; -- called also
<i>tetter</i>, <i>milk crust</i>, and <i>salt rheum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ec*zem"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to eczema; having the characteristic of
eczema.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ed</hw> (?). <def>The termination of the past participle of
regular, or weak, verbs; also, of analogous participial adjectives
from nouns; as, pigment<i>ed</i>; talent<i>ed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*da"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>edax</i>,
<i>edacis</i>, fr. <i>edere</i> to eat.] <def>Given to eating;
voracious; devouring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Swallowed in the depths of <i>edacious</i>
Time.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>E*da"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>E*da"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E*dac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>edacitas</i>.] <def>Greediness; voracity; ravenousness;
rapacity.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Eddas</b></plw> (#). [Icel., lit. <i>great-grandmother</i>
(<i>i. e.</i>, of Scandinavian poetry), so called by Bishop
Brynj&uacute;lf Sveinsson, who brought it again to light in 1643.]
<def>The religious or mythological book of the old Scandinavian
tribes of German origin, containing two collections of Sagas
(legends, myths) of the old northern gods and heroes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are two Eddas. The older, consisting of 39 poems, was
reduced to writing from oral tradition in Iceland between 1050 and
1133. The younger or <i>prose Edda</i>, called also the <i>Edda of
Snorri</i>, is the work of several writers, though usually ascribed
to Snorri Sturleson, who was born in 1178.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ed*da"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ed"dic</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to the Eddas; resembling the
Eddas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Adder</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An adder or serpent.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>edor</i> hedge,
fence; akin to <i>etar</i>.] <def>Flexible wood worked into the top
of hedge stakes, to bind them together.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bind the top
interweaving edder; as, to <i>edder</i> a hedge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ed"dish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>edisc</i>; cf.
AS. pref. <i>ed-</i> again, anew.  Cf. <u>Eddy</u>, and
<u>Arrish</u>.] <def>Aftermath; also, stubble and stubble field. See
<u>Arrish</u>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ed"does</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The tubers of <i>Colocasia antiquorum</i>. See
<u>Taro</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"dy</hw> (&ebreve;d"d&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Eddies</b></plw> (-d&ibreve;z). [Prob. fr. Icel.
<i>i&eth;a</i>; cf. Icel. pref. <i>i&eth;-</i> back, AS. <i>ed-</i>,
OS. <i>idug-</i>, OHG. <i>ita-</i>; Goth. <i>id-</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A current of air or water running back, or in
a direction contrary to the main current.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A current of water or air moving in a
circular direction; a whirlpool.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And smiling <i>eddies</i> dimpled on the
main.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wheel through the air, in circling <i>eddies</i>
play.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>Used also adjectively; as, <i>eddy</i> winds.  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed"dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Eddied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Eddying</u>.] <def>To move as an eddy, or as in an eddy; to move
in a circle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Eddying</i> round and round they sink.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed"dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To collect as into an
eddy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The circling mountains <i>eddy</i> in<BR>
From the bare wild the dissipated storm.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||E"del*weiss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>edel</i> noble + <i>weiss</i> white.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A little,
perennial, white, woolly plant (<i>Leontopodium alpinum</i>), growing
at high elevations in the Alps.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*de"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>&oelig;dema</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*de"ma*tous</hw> (?), or <hw>E*de"ma*tose`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>&oelig;dematous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>&emacr;den</i>
delight, pleasure; also, a place of pleasure, Eden.] <def>The garden
where Adam and Eve first dwelt; hence, a delightful region or
residence.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*den"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Eden; paradisaic.</def> "<i>Edenic</i> joys."  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"den*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Eden</i>ville, N. Y.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of amphibole.
See <u>Amphibole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"den*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitted to a
state of paradisaic happiness.</def> [R.]  <i>Davies (Wit's Pilgr.
).</i></p>

<p><hw>E*den"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Edentate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Edentata.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*den"tal*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Edentate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>||E`den*ta"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., neut.
pl. from L. <i>edentatus</i>, p. p. of <i>edentare</i> to render
toothless; <i>e</i> out + <i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>, tooth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of mammals including the
armadillos, sloths, and anteaters; -- called also <i>Bruta</i>. The
incisor teeth are rarely developed, and in some groups all the teeth
are lacking.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*den"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of teeth; as, an <i>edentate</i> quadruped; an
<i>edentate</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the
Edentata.</def></p>

<p><! p. 471 !></p>

<p><hw>E*den"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Edentata.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*den`ta*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Edentate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>E`den*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A depriving
of teeth.</def> [R.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*den"tu*lous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>edentulus</i>; <i>e</i> out + <i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>, tooth.]
<def>Toothless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Edge</hw> (&ebreve;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>eg</i>,
<i>egge</i>, AS. <i>ecg</i>; akin to OHG. <i>ekka</i>, G.
<i>ecke</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>egg</i>, Dan. <i>eg</i>, and to L.
<i>acies</i>, Gr. <grk>'akh`</grk> point, Skr. <i>a&ccedil;ri</i>
edge. &radic;1.  Cf. <u>Egg</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<u>Eager</u>, <u>Ear</u> spike of corn, <u>Acute</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The thin cutting side of the blade of an
instrument; as, the <i>edge</i> of an ax, knife, sword, or scythe.
Hence, figuratively, that which cuts as an edge does, or wounds
deeply, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He which hath the sharp sword with two
<i>edges</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rev. ii. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Slander,<BR>
Whose <i>edge</i> is sharper than the sword.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any sharp terminating border; a margin; a
brink; extreme verge; as, the <i>edge</i> of a table, a
precipice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the <i>edge</i> of yonder coppice.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In worst extremes, and on the perilous <i>edge</i><BR>
Of battle.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pursue even to the very <i>edge</i> of
destruction.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sharpness; readiness or fitness to cut;
keenness; intenseness of desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The full <i>edge</i> of our indignation.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Death and persecution lose all the ill that they can
have, if we do not set an <i>edge</i> upon them by our fears and by
our vices.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The border or part adjacent to the line of
division; the beginning or early part; as, in the <i>edge</i> of
evening.</def> "On the <i>edge</i> of winter."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Edge joint</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a joint formed by
two edges making a corner.</cd> -- <col><b>Edge mill</b></col>, <cd>a
crushing or grinding mill in which stones roll around on their edges,
on a level circular bed; -- used for ore, and as an oil mill. Called
also <i>Chilian mill</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Edge molding</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a molding whose section is made up of two curves
meeting in an angle.</cd> -- <col><b>Edge plane</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Carp.)</i> <cd>A plane for edging
boards.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Shoemaking)</i> <cd>A plane for
edging soles.</cd> -- <col><b>Edge play</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
swordplay in which backswords or cutlasses are used, and the edge,
rather than the point, is employed.</cd> -- <col><b>Edge
rail</b></col>. <i>(Railroad)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A rail set
on edge; -- applied to a rail of more depth than width.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A guard rail by the side of the main rail at
a switch.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Edge railway</b></col>,
<cd>a railway having the rails set on edge.</cd> -- <col><b>Edge
stone</b></col>, <cd>a curbstone.</cd> -- <col><b>Edge
tool</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any tool or instrument having
a sharp edge intended for cutting.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
tool for forming or dressing an edge; an edging tool.</cd> --
<col><b>To be on edge</b></col>, <cd>to be eager, impatient, or
anxious.</cd> -- <col><b>To set the teeth on edge</b></col>, <cd>to
cause a disagreeable tingling sensation in the teeth, as by bringing
acids into contact with them.</cd>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Edge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Edged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Edging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with an edge as a
tool or weapon; to sharpen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>edge</i> her champion's sword.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shape or dress the edge of, as with a
tool.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a fringe or border; as, to
<i>edge</i> a dress; to <i>edge</i> a garden with box.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hills whose tops were <i>edged</i> with
groves.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make sharp or keen, figuratively; to
incite; to exasperate; to goad; to urge or egg on.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By such reasonings, the simple were blinded, and the
malicious <i>edged</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To move little by little or cautiously, as
by pressing forward edgewise; as, <i>edging</i> their chairs
forwards.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Edge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
move sideways; to move gradually; as, <i>edge</i> along this
way.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sail close to the wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must <i>edge</i> up on a point of wind.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To edge away</b></col> <i>or</i>  <col><b>To edge
off</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to increase the distance gradually
from the shore, vessel, or other object.</cd> -- <col><b>To edge
down</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to approach by slow degrees, as
when a sailing vessel approaches an object in an oblique direction
from the windward.</cd> -- <col><b>To edge in</b></col>, <cd>to get
in edgewise; to get in by degrees.</cd> -- <col><b>To edge in
with</b></col>, <cd>as with a coast or vessel <i>(Naut.)</i>, to
advance gradually, but not directly, toward it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Edge"bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Aitchbone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Edge"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without an edge; not
sharp; blunt; obtuse; as, an <i>edgeless</i> sword or
weapon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Edge"long</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
direction of the edge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Three hundred thousand pieces have you stuck<BR>
<i>Edgelong</i> into the ground.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Edge"shot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i>
<def>Having an edge planed, -- said of a board.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Edge"ways</hw> (?), <hw>Edge"wise</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With the edge towards anything; in the
direction of the edge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Glad to get in a word, as they say,
<i>edgeways</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Edg"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which forms an edge or border, as the fringe, trimming,
etc., of a garment, or a border in a garden.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The operation of shaping or dressing the
edge of anything, as of a piece of metal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Edging machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine tool with a
revolving cutter, for dressing edges, as of boards, or metal plates,
to a pattern or templet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Edg"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Gradually;
gingerly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Edg"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Edge</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easily irritated; sharp; as, an <i>edgy</i>
temper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Having some of the
forms, such as drapery or the like, too sharply defined.</def> "An
<i>edgy</i> style of sculpture."  <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Edh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The name of the Anglo-
Saxon letter &eth;, capital form &ETH;. It is sounded as "English
<i>th</i> in a similar word: &omacr;&eth;er, other, d&ocirc;&eth;,
doth."</def>  <i>March.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Suitableness
for being eaten; edibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>edibilis</i>,
fr. <i>edere</i> to eat. See <u>Eat</u>.] <def>Fit to be eaten as
food; eatable; esculent; as, <i>edible</i> fishes.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything edible.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Edible bird's nest</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bird's nest</u>,
2.</cd> -- <col><b>Edible crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
species of crab used as food, esp. the American blue crab
(<i>Callinectes hastatus</i>). See <u>Crab</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Edible frog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common
European frog (<i>Rana esculenta</i>), used as food.</cd> --
<col><b>Edible snail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any snail
used as food, esp. <i>Helix pomatia</i> and <i>H. aspersa</i> of
Europe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ed"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Suitableness for
being eaten.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"dict</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>edictum</i>, fr.
<i>edicere</i>, <i>edictum</i>, to declare, proclaim; <i>e</i> out +
<i>dicere</i> to say: cf. F. <i>&eacute;dit</i>. See <u>Diction</u>.]
<def>A public command or ordinance by the sovereign power; the
proclamation of a law made by an absolute authority, as if by the
very act of announcement; a decree; as, the <i>edicts</i> of the
Roman emperors; the <i>edicts</i> of the French monarch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It stands as an <i>edict</i> in destiny.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Edict of Nantes</b></col> <i>(French Hist.)</i>, <cd>an
edict issued by Henry IV. (<u>A. D.</u> 1598), giving toleration to
Protestants. Its revocation by Louis XIV. (<u>A. D.</u> 1685) was
followed by terrible persecutions and the expatriation of thousands
of French Protestants.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Decree; proclamation; law; ordinance; statute;
rule; order; manifesti; command. See <u>Law</u>.</p>

<p><hw>E*dic"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to, or
consisting of, edicts; as, the Roman <i>edictal</i> law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"i*fi*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aedificans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>aedificare</i>. See
<u>Edify</u>.] <def>Building; constructing.</def> [R.]
<i>Dugard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aedificatio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;dification</i>. See
<u>Edify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of edifying, or the
state of being edified; a building up, especially in a moral or
spiritual sense; moral, intellectual, or spiritual improvement;
instruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The assured <i>edification</i> of his
church.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Out of these magazines I shall supply the town with
what may tend to their <i>edification</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A building or edifice.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bullokar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed"i*fi*ca`to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to edification.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed"i*fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aedificium</i>, fr. <i>aedificare</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;difice</i>. See <u>Edify</u>.] <def>A building; a
structure; an architectural fabric; -- chiefly applied to elegant
houses, and other large buildings; as, a palace, a church, a
statehouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed`i*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aedificialis</i>.] <def>Pertaining to an edifice;
structural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who builds.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who edifies, builds up, or strengthens
another by moral or religious instruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Edified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Edifying</u>.] [F. <i>&eacute;difier</i>, L. <i>aedificare</i>;
<i>aedes</i> a building, house, orig., a fireplace (akin to Gr. &?;
to burn, Skr. <i>idh</i> to kindle, OHG. <i>eit</i> funeral pile, AS.
<i>&amacr;d</i>, OIr. <i>aed</i> fire) + <i>facere</i> to make. See
<u>Fact</u>, <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To build; to
construct.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>There was a holy chapel <i>edified</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To instruct and improve, especially in
moral and religious knowledge; to teach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It does not appear probable that our dispute [about
miracles] would either <i>edify</i> or enlighten the
public.</blockquote> <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To teach or persuade.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed"i*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To improve.</def>
[R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed"i*fy`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Instructing;
improving; as, an <i>edifying</i> conversation.</def> --
<wf>Ed"i*fy`ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ed"i*fy`ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E"dile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aedilis</i>: cf.
F. <i>&eacute;dile</i>.  Cf. <u>&AElig;dile</u>.] <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>See <u>&AElig;dile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"dile*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
&aelig;dile.</def>  <i>T. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed"ing*ton*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A grayish white zeolitic mineral, in tetragonal crystals. It is
a hydrous silicate of alumina and baryta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Edited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Editing</u>.] [F. <i>&eacute;diter</i>, or L. <i>editus</i>, p. p.
of <i>edere</i> to give out, put forth, publish; <i>e</i> out +
<i>dare</i> to give. See <u>Date</u> a point of time.] <def>To
superintend the publication of; to revise and prepare for
publication; to select, correct, arrange, etc., the matter of, for
publication; as, to <i>edit</i> a newspaper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Philosophical treatises which have never been
<i>edited</i>.</blockquote> <i>Enfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>editio</i>,
fr. <i>edere</i> to publish; cf. F. <i>&eacute;dition</i>. See
<u>Edit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A literary work edited and
published, as by a certain editor or in a certain manner; as, a good
<i>edition</i> of Chaucer; Chalmers' <i>edition</i> of
Shakespeare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole number of copies of a work
printed and published at one time; as, the first <i>edition</i> was
soon sold.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`di`tion" de luxe"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>See
<u>Luxe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*di`tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
editor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ed"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., that which
produces, from <i>edere</i> to publish: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;diteur</i>.] <def>One who edits; esp., a person who
prepares, superintends, revises, and corrects a book, magazine, or
newspaper, etc., for publication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed`i*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an editor; written or sanctioned by an editor; as,
<i>editorial</i> labors; <i>editorial</i> remarks.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Ed`i*to"ri*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A leading
article in a newspaper or magazine; an editorial article; an article
published as an expression of the views of the editor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed`i*to"ri*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner or character of an editor or of an editorial
article.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"i*tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or charge of an editor; care and superintendence of a
publication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"i*tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
editor.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*dit"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>aedituatus</i>, p. p. of <i>aedituare</i>, fr. L. <i>aedituus</i>
a temple warden; <i>aedes</i> building, temple + <i>tueri</i> to
guard.] <def>To guard as a churchwarden does.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J.
Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"dom*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
descendants of Esau or Edom, the brother of Jacob; an
Idumean.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ed`ri*oph*thal"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>"edrai^os</grk> steadfast + <grk>'ofqalmo`s</grk> the
eye.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of Crustacea in which the eyes
are without stalks; the Arthrostraca.</def> [Written also
<i>Edriophthalmata</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ed`ri*oph*thal"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Edriophthalma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed`u*ca*bil"i*ty</hw>
(&ebreve;d`&usl;*k&adot;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;ducabilit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Capability of being educated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"u*ca*ble</hw> (&ebreve;d"&usl;*k&adot;*b'l; 135),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;ducable</i>.] <def>Capable of
being educated.</def> "Men are <i>educable</i>."  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed"u*cate</hw> (-k&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Educated</u> (-
k&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Educating</u> (-k&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng).] [L. <i>educatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>educare</i> to bring up a child physically or mentally, to
educate, fr. <i>educere</i> to lead forth, bring up (a child). See
<u>Educe</u>.] <def>To bring up or guide the powers of, as a child;
to develop and cultivate, whether physically, mentally, or morally,
but more commonly limited to the mental activities or senses; to
expand, strengthen, and discipline, as the mind, a faculty, etc.; to
form and regulate the principles and character of; to prepare and fit
for any calling or business by systematic instruction; to cultivate;
to train; to instruct; as, to <i>educate</i> a child; to
<i>educate</i> the eye or the taste.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To develop; instruct; teach; inform; enlighten;
edify; bring up; train; breed; rear; discipline; indoctrinate.</p>

<p><hw>Ed"u*ca`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed or
developed by education; as, an <i>educated</i> man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed`u*ca"tion</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>educatio</i>; cf. F. <i>&eacute;ducation</i>.] <def>The act or
process of educating; the result of educating, as determined by the
knowledge skill, or discipline of character, acquired; also, the act
or process of training by a prescribed or customary course of study
or discipline; as, an <i>education</i> for the bar or the pulpit; he
has finished his <i>education</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To prepare us for complete living is the function
which <i>education</i> has to discharge.</blockquote> <i>H.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Education</u>, <u>Instruction</u>,
<u>Teaching</u>, <u>Training</u>, <u>Breeding</u>.  <i>Education</i>,
properly <i>a drawing forth</i>, implies not so much the
communication of knowledge as the discipline of the intellect, the
establishment of the principles, and the regulation of the heart.
<i>Instruction</i> is that part of education which furnishes the mind
with knowledge. <i>Teaching</i> is the same, being simply more
familiar. It is also applied to practice; as, <i>teaching</i> to
speak a language; <i>teaching</i> a dog to do tricks. <i>Training</i>
is a department of education in which the chief element is exercise
or practice for the purpose of imparting facility in any physical or
mental operation. <i>Breeding</i> commonly relates to the manners and
outward conduct.</p>

<p><hw>Ed`u*ca"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to education.</def> "His <i>educational</i>
establishment."  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ed`u*ca"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in the theories of, or who advocates and promotes,
education.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"u*ca*tive</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;ducatif</i>.] <def>Tending to educate; that gives
education; as, an <i>educative</i> process; an <i>educative</i>
experience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"u*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
educates; a teacher.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Educed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Educing</u> (?).] [L. <i>educere</i>; <i>e</i> out  +
<i>ducere</i> to lead. See <u>Duke</u>.] <def>To bring or draw out;
to cause to appear; to produce against counter agency or influence;
to extract; to evolve; as, to <i>educe</i> a form from
matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The eternal art <i>educing</i> good from
ill.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They want to <i>educe</i> and cultivate what is best
and noblest in themselves.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*du"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being educed.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"duct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>eductum</i>, fr.
<i>educere</i>.] <def>That which is educed, as by analysis.</def>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>eductio</i>.]
<def>The act of drawing out or bringing into view.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Eduction pipe</b></col>, &and; <col><b>Eduction
port</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Exhaust pipe</i> and <i>Exhaust port</i>,
under <u>Exhaust</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>E*duc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to draw
out; extractive.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*duc"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., tutor.] <def>One
who, or that which, brings forth, elicits, or extracts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stimulus must be called an <i>eductor</i> of vital
ether.</blockquote> <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*dul"co*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Edulcorate</u>.] <def>Having a tendency to purify or to sweeten by
removing or correcting acidity and acrimony.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*dul"co*rant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An edulcorant
remedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*dul"co*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Edulcorated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Edulcorating</u>.] [L. <i>e</i> out +
<i>dulcoratus</i>, p. p. of <i>dulcorare</i> to sweeten, fr.
<i>dulcor</i> sweetness, fr. <i>dulcis</i> sweet: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;dulcorer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render sweet; to
sweeten; to free from acidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Succory . . . <i>edulcorated</i> with sugar and
vinegar.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To free from acids, salts,
or other soluble substances, by washing; to purify.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*dul`co*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;dulcoration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
sweetening or edulcorating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act of freeing from
acids or any soluble substances, by affusions of water.</def> [R.]
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><! p. 472 !></p>

<p><hw>E*dul"co*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to &?;weeten or purify by affusions of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*dul"co*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
contrivance used to supply small quantities of sweetened liquid,
water, etc., to any mixture, or to test tubes, etc.; a dropping
bottle.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*du"li*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>edulis</i>,
fr. <i>edere</i> to eat.] <def>Edible.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Edulious</i>
pulses."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>-ee</hw> (?). [Formed on the F. p. p. ending <i>-&eacute;</i>,
masc.] <def>A suffix used, chiefly in law terms, in a passive
signification, to indicate the direct or indirect object of an
action, or the one <i>to whom</i> an act <i>is done</i> or <i>on
whom</i> a right <i>is conferred</i>; as in assign<i>ee</i>,
don<i>ee</i>, alien<i>ee</i>, grant<i>ee</i>, etc. It is correlative
to <i>-or</i>, the agent or doer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eek</hw>, <hw>Eeke</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Eke</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&?;l</i>; akin to
D., G., &amp; Dan. <i>aal</i>, Icel. <i>&amacr;ll</i>, Sw.
<i>&aring;l</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An elongated fish of many
genera and species. The common eels of Europe and America belong to
the genus <i>Anguilla</i>. The electrical eel is a species of
<i>Gymnotus</i>. The so called <i>vinegar eel</i> is a minute
nematode worm. See <u>Conger eel</u>, <u>Electric eel</u>, and
<u>Gymnotus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eel"buck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An eelpot or eel
basket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eel"fare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Eel</i> +
<i>fare</i> a journey or passage.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A brood
of eels.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Eel"grass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant (<i>Zostera marina</i>), with very long and narrow leaves,
growing abundantly in shallow bays along the North Atlantic
coast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eel"-moth`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The eelpout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eel"pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boxlike
structure with funnel-shaped traps for catching eels; an
eelbuck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eel"pout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&?;lepute</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
European fish (<i>Zoarces viviparus</i>), remarkable for producing
living young; -- called also <i>greenbone</i>, <i>guffer</i>,
<i>bard</i>, and <i>Maroona eel</i>. Also, an American species (<i>Z.
anguillaris</i>), -- called also <i>mutton fish</i>, and,
erroneously, <i>congo eel</i>, <i>ling</i>, and <i>lamper eel</i>.
Both are edible, but of little value.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A fresh-water fish, the burbot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eel"spear`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spear with
barbed forks for spearing eels.</def></p>

<p><hw>E'en</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>A contraction for
<i>even</i>. See <u>Even</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>e'en</i> done with you.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Een</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The old plural of
<u>Eye</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And eke with fatness swollen were his
<i>een</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>E'er</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>A contraction
for <i>ever</i>. See <u>Ever</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ee"rie</hw>, <hw>Ee"ry</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Scotch, fr. AS. <i>earh</i> timid.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving
to inspire fear, esp. a dread of seeing ghosts; wild; weird; as,
<i>eerie</i> stories.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She whose elfin prancer springs<BR>
By night to <i>eery</i> warblings.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with fear; affrighted.</def>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ee"ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a strange,
unearthly way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ee"ri*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing fear;
eerie.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Eet</hw> (?), <pos><i>obs. imp.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Eat</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef"fa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>effabilis</i>;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>fari</i> to speak.] <def>Capable of being uttered
or explained; utterable.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*face"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Effaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Effacing</u> (?).] [F. <i>effacer</i>; pref. <i>es-</i> (L.
<i>ex</i>) + <i>face</i> face; prop., to destroy the face or form.
See <u>Face</u>, and cf. <u>Deface</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to disappear (as anything impresses or inscribed upon a
surface) by rubbing out, striking out, etc.; to erase; to render
illegible or indiscernible; as, to <i>efface</i> the letters on a
monument, or the inscription on a coin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To destroy, as a mental impression; to
wear away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Efface</i> from his mind the theories and notions
vulgarly received.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To blot out; expunge; erase; obliterate; cancel;
destroy. -- <u>Efface</u>, <u>Deface</u>. To <i>deface</i> is to
injure or impair a figure; to <i>efface</i> is to rub out or destroy,
so as to render invisible.</p>

<p><hw>Ef*face"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being effaced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*face"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>effacement</i>.] <def>The act if effacing; also, the result of the
act.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fas"ci*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>effascinare</i>.] <def>To charm; to bewitch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fas`ci*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>effascinatio</i>.] <def>A charming; state of being bewitched or
deluded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ef*fect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>effectus</i>,
fr. <i>efficere</i>, <i>effectum</i>, to effect; <i>ex</i> +
<i>facere</i> to make: cf. F. <i>effet</i>, formerly also spelled
<i>effect</i>. See <u>Fact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Execution;
performance; realization; operation; as, the law goes into
<i>effect</i> in May.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That no compunctious visitings of nature<BR>
Shake my fell purpose, nor keep peace between<BR>
The <i>effect</i> and it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manifestation; expression; sign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the large <i>effects</i><BR>
That troop with majesty.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In general: That which is produced by an
agent or cause; the event which follows immediately from an
antecedent, called the <i>cause</i>; result; consequence; outcome;
fruit; as, the <i>effect</i> of luxury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>effect</i> is the unfailing index of the amount
of the cause.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Impression left on the mind; sensation
produced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Patchwork . . . introduced for oratorical
<i>effect</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>effect</i> was heightened by the wild and
lonely nature of the place.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Power to produce results; efficiency;
force; importance; account; as, to speak with
<i>effect</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Consequence intended; purpose; meaning;
general intent; -- with <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They spake to her to that <i>effect</i>.</blockquote>
<i>2 Chron. xxxiv. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The purport; the sum and substance.</def>
"The <i>effect</i> of his intent."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Reality; actual meaning; fact, as
distinguished from mere appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No other in <i>effect</i> than what it
seems.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Goods; movables; personal
estate; -- sometimes used to embrace real as well as personal
property; as, the people escaped from the town with their
<i>effects</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>For effect</b></col>, <cd>for an exaggerated impression or
excitement.</cd> -- <col><b>In effect</b></col>, <cd>in fact; in
substance. See 8, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Of no effect</b></col>,
<col><b>Of none effect</b></col>, <col><b>To no effect</b></col>, or
<col><b>Without effect</b></col>, <cd>destitute of results, validity,
force, and the like; vain; fruitless.</cd>  "Making the word of God
<i>of none effect</i> through your tradition." <i>Mark vii. 13.</i>
"All my study be <i>to no effect</i>." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To
give effect to</b></col>, <cd>to make valid; to carry out in
practice; to push to its results.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
effect</b></col>, <cd>to become operative, to accomplish aims.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Effect</u>, <u>Consequence</u>, <u>Result</u>.
These words indicate things which arise out of some antecedent, or
follow as a consequent. <i>Effect</i>, which may be regarded as the
generic term, denotes that which springs directly from something
which can properly be termed a cause. A <i>consequence</i> is more
remote, not being strictly caused, nor yet a mere sequence, but
following out of and following indirectly, or in the train of events,
something on which it truly depends.  A <i>result</i> is still more
remote and variable, like the rebound of an elastic body which falls
in very different directions. We may foresee the <i>effects</i> of a
measure, may conjecture its <i>consequences</i>, but can rarely
discover its final <i>results</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Resolving all events, with their <i>effects</i><BR>
And manifold <i>results</i>, into the will<BR>
And arbitration wise of the Supreme.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shun the bitter <i>consequence</i>, for know,<BR>
The day thou eatest thereof, . . . thou shalt die.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Effected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Effecting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To produce, as a cause or
agent; to cause to be.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So great a body such exploits to
<i>effect</i>.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring to pass; to execute; to enforce;
to achieve; to accomplish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>effect</i> that which the divine counsels had
decreed.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They sailed away without <i>effecting</i> their
purpose.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Th. ).</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To accomplish; fulfill; achieve; complete; execute;
perform; attain. See <u>Accomplish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ef*fect"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
effects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fect"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being done or achieved; practicable; feasible.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>effectio</i>: cf. F. <i>effection</i>.] <def>Creation; a
doing.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>effectivus</i>: cf. F. <i>effectif</i>.] <def>Having the power to
produce an effect or effects; producing a decided or decisive effect;
efficient; serviceable; operative; as, an <i>effective</i> force,
remedy, speech; the <i>effective</i> men in a regiment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are not <i>effective</i> of anything, nor leave
no work behind them.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever is an <i>effective</i>, real cause of doing
his heighbor wrong, is criminal.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Efficient; forcible; active; powerful; energetic;
competent. See <u>Effectual</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ef*fect"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which produces a given effect; a cause.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is capable of active
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He assembled his army -- 20,000 <i>effectives</i> --
at Corinth.</blockquote> <i>W. P. Johnston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [F. <i>effectif</i> real, effective, real
amount.] <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Specie or coin, as distinguished from
paper currency; -- a term used in many parts of Europe.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fect"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With effect;
powerfully; completely; thoroughly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fect"ive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being effective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fect"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
effect or advantage; useless; bootless.</def> <i>Shak.</i> --
<wf>Ef*fect"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>An
effecter.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fec"tu*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Effect</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Producing, or having
adequate power or force to produce, an intended effect; adequate;
efficient; operative; decisive.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Effectual</i> steps for the suppression of the
rebellion.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Effectual calling</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>a
doctrine concerning the work of the Holy Spirit in producing
conviction of sin and acceptance of salvation by Christ, -- one of
the five points of Calvinism. See <u>Calvinism</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Effectual</u>, <u>Efficacious</u>,
<u>Effective</u>.  An <i>efficacious</i> remedy is had recourse to,
and proves <i>effective</i> if it does decided good, <i>effectual</i>
if it does all the good desired.  <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fec"tu*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With effect; efficaciously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Actually; in effect.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fec"tu*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being effectual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fec"tu*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Effectuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Effectuating</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>effectuer</i>. See
<u>Effect</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To bring to pass; to effect; to achieve; to accomplish; to
fulfill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fit instrument to <i>effectuate</i> his
desire.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In order to <i>effectuate</i> the thorough
reform.</blockquote> <i>G. T. Curtis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fec`tu*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
effectuating.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ef*fec"tu*ose`</hw> (?), <hw>Ef*fec"tu*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Effective.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fec"tu*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Effectively.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ef*fem"i*na*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Effeminacies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Effeminate</u>.]
<def>Characteristic quality of a woman, such as softness,
luxuriousness, delicacy, or weakness, which is unbecoming a man;
womanish delicacy or softness; -- used reproachfully of men.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>effeminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>effeminare</i> to make a woman of;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>femina</i> a woman. See <u>Feminine</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having some
characteristic of a woman, as delicacy, luxuriousness, etc.; soft or
delicate to an unmanly degree; womanish; weak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king, by his voluptuous life and mean marriage,
became <i>effeminate</i>, and less sensible of honor.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>effeminate</i> and unmanly foppery.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Womanlike; womanly; tender; -- in a good
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gentle, kind, <i>effeminate</i> remorse.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Effeminate</i> and <i>womanish</i> are generally used in
a reproachful sense; <i>feminine</i> and <i>womanly</i>, applied to
women, are epithets of propriety or commendation.</p>

<p><hw>Ef*fem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Effeminated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Effeminating</u> (?).] <def>To make womanish; to make
soft and delicate; to weaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It will not corrupt or <i>effeminate</i> children's
minds.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fem"i*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow
womanish or weak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a slothful peace both courage will
<i>effeminate</i> and manners corrupt.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fem"i*nate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an effeminate or womanish manner; weakly;
softly; delicately.</def> "Proud and <i>effeminately</i> gay."
<i>Fawkes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By means of a woman; by the power or art
of a woman.</def> [R.] "<i>Effeminately</i> vanquished."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fem"i*nate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being effeminate; unmanly softness.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fem`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>effeminatio</i>.] <def>Effeminacy; womanishness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fem"i*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
effeminate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ef*fen"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>efendi</i>, fr. Modern Gr.  &?;, fr. Gr. &?; a chief. See
<u>Authentic</u>.] <def>Master; sir; -- a title of a Turkish state
official and man of learning, especially one learned in the
law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef"fe*rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>efferens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>effere</i> to bear out; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Conveying outward, or discharging; -- applied to certain blood
vessels, lymphatics, nerves, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Conveyed outward; as, <i>efferent</i> impulses, <i>i. e.</i>,
such as are conveyed by the motor or <i>efferent</i> nerves from the
central nervous organ outwards; -- opposed to
<i>afferent</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef"fe*rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An efferent
duct or stream.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef"fer*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>efferus</i>
savage; <i>ex</i> (intens.) + <i>ferus</i> wild.] <def>Like a wild
beast; fierce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ef`fer*vesce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Effervesced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Effervescing</u> (?).] [L. <i>effervescere</i>;
<i>ex</i> + <i>fervescere</i> to begin boiling, incho., fr.
<i>fervere</i> to boil. See <u>Fervent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be in a state of natural ebullition; to bubble and hiss, as
fermenting liquors, or any fluid, when some part escapes in a gaseous
form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit, in lively natural expression,
feelings that can not be repressed or concealed; as, to
<i>effervesce</i> with joy or merriment.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ef`fer*ves"cence</hw> (?), <hw>Ef`fer*ves"cen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>effervescence</i>.] <def>A kind of
natural ebullition; that commotion of a fluid which takes place when
some part of the mass flies off in a gaseous form, producing
innumerable small bubbles; as, the <i>effervescence</i> of a
carbonate with citric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef`fer*ves"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>effervescences</i>, p. pr. of <i>effervescere</i>: cf. F.
<i>effervescent</i>.] <def>Gently boiling or bubbling, by means of
the disengagement of gas</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef`fer*ves"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of effervescing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef`fer*ves"cive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
produce effervescence.</def> "An <i>effervescive</i> force."
<i>Hickok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef"fet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Eft</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common newt; --
called also <i>asker</i>, <i>eft</i>, <i>evat</i>, and
<i>ewt</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>effetus</i>
that has brought forth, exhausted; <i>ex</i> + <i>fetus</i> that has
brought forth. See <u>Fetus</u>.] <def>No longer capable of producing
young, as an animal, or fruit, as the earth; hence, worn out with
age; exhausted of energy; incapable of efficient action; no longer
productive; barren; sterile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Effete</i> results from virile
efforts.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If they find the old governments <i>effete</i>, worn
out, . . . they may seek new ones.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef`fi*ca"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eficax</i>, <i>-acis</i>, fr. <i>efficere</i>. See <u>Effect</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Possessing the quality of being effective;
productive of, or powerful to produce, the effect intended; as, an
<i>efficacious</i> law.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Effectual</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ef`fi*ca"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ef`fi*ca"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ef`fi*cac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>efficacitas</i>: cf. F. <i>efficacit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Efficacy.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Fryth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef"fi*ca*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>efficacia</i>, fr. <i>efficax</i>. See <u>Efficacious</u>.]
<def>Power to produce effects; operation or energy of an agent or
force; production of the effect intended; as, the <i>efficacy</i> of
medicine in counteracting disease; the <i>efficacy</i> of
prayer.</def> "Of noxious <i>efficacy</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Virtue; force; energy; potency; efficiency.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ef*fi"cience</hw> (?), <hw>Ef*fi"cien*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>efficientia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being efficient or producing an effect or
effects; efficient power; effectual agency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The manner of this divine <i>efficiency</i> being far
above us.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The ratio of useful work to
energy expended.</def>  <i>Rankine.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Efficiency of a heat engine</b></col>, <cd>the ratio of
the work done by an engine, to the work due to the heat supplied to
it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fi"cient</hw> (-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>efficiens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>efficere</i> to effect:
cf. F. <i>efficient</i>. See <u>Effect</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Causing effects; producing results; that makes the effect to be
what it is; actively operative; not inactive, slack, or incapable;
characterized by energetic and useful activity; as, an
<i>efficient</i> officer, power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>efficient</i> cause is the working
cause.</blockquote> <i>Wilson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Effective; effectual; competent; able; capable;
material; potent.</p>

<p><! p. 473 !></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An efficient
cause; a prime mover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . moveth mere natural agents as an
<i>efficient</i> only.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fi"cient*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With effect;
effectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fierce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-</i>
(intens.) + <i>fierce</i>.] <def>To make fierce.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fig"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to an
effigy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fig"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>effigiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>effigiare</i> to form, fr.
<i>effigies</i>. See <u>Effigy</u>.] <def>To form as an effigy;
hence, to fashion; to adapt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He must] <i>effigiate</i> and conform himself to
those circumstances.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fig`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>effigiatio</i>.] <def>The act of forming in resemblance; an
effigy.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ef*fig"i*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Effigy</u>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef"fi*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Effigies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>effigies</i>, fr.
<i>effingere</i> to form, fashion; <i>ex</i> + <i>fingere</i> to
form, shape, devise. See <u>Feign</u>.] <def>The image, likeness, or
representation of a person, whether a full figure, or a part; an
imitative figure; -- commonly applied to sculptured likenesses, as
those on monuments, or to those of the heads of princes on coins and
medals, sometimes applied to portraits.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To burn</b></col>, or <col><b>To hang</b></col>,
<col><b>in effigy</b></col>, <cd>to burn or to hang an image or
picture of a person, as a token of public odium.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ef*flag"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>efflagitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>efflagitare</i>.] <def>To ask
urgently.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*flate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>efflatus</i>, p. p. of <i>efflare</i> to blow or breathe out;
<i>ex</i> + <i>flare</i> to blow.] <def>To fill with breath; to puff
up.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fla"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
filling with wind; a breathing or puffing out; a puff, as of
wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A soft <i>efflation</i> of celestial
fire.</blockquote> <i>Parnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef`flo*resce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Effloresced</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Efflorescing</u> (?).] [L.
<i>efflorescere</i> to bloom, blossom; <i>ex</i> + <i>florescere</i>
to begin to blossom, incho., fr. <i>florere</i> to blossom, fr.
<i>flos</i> a flower. See <u>Flower</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
blossom forth.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To change on the surface,
or throughout, to a whitish, mealy, or crystalline powder, from a
gradual decomposition, esp. from the loss of water, on simple
exposure to the air; as, Glauber's salts, and many others,
<i>effloresce</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To become covered with a whitish crust or
light crystallization, from a slow chemical change between some of
the ingredients of the matter covered and an acid proceeding commonly
from an external source; as, the walls of limestone caverns sometimes
<i>effloresce</i> with nitrate of calcium in consequence of the
action in consequence of nitric acid formed in the
atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef`flo*res"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>efflorescence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Flowering, or state of flowering; the blooming of flowers;
blowth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A redness of the skin;
eruption, as in rash, measles, smallpox, scarlatina, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
formation of the whitish powder or crust on the surface of
efflorescing bodies, as salts, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The powder or crust thus formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef`flo*res"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being efflorescent; efflorescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef`flo*res"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>efflorescent</i>, L. <i>efflorescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, blooming,
p. pr. of <i>efflorescere</i>. See <u>Effloresce</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That effloresces, or is liable
to effloresce on exposure; as, an <i>efflorescent</i> salt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covered with an efflorescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*flow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>effleurer</i>.] <i>(Leather Making)</i> <def>To remove the
epidermis of (a skin) with a concave knife, blunt in its middle part,
-- as in making chamois leather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef"flu*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>effluence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flowing out, or
emanation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which flows or issues from any body
or substance; issue; efflux.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bright <i>effluence</i> of bright essence
increate!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And, as if the gloom of the earth and sky had been but
the <i>effluence</i> of these two mortal hearts, it vanished with
their sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef"flu*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Effluence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef"flu*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>effluens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>effluere</i> to flow out; <i>ex</i> +
<i>fluere</i> to flow: cf. F. <i>effluent</i>. See <u>Fluent</u>.]
<def>Flowing out; as, <i>effluent</i> beams.</def>
<i>Parnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef"flu*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A
stream that flows out of another stream or lake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*flu"vi*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being given off as an effluvium.</def> "<i>Effluviable</i> matter."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*flu"vi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to
effluvia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*flu"vi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give
forth effluvium.</def> [R.] "An <i>effluviating</i> power."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*flu"vi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Effluvia</b></plw> (#). [L., a flowing out, fr.
<i>effluere</i> to flow out. See <u>Effluent</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Subtile or invisible emanation; exhalation
perceived by the sense of smell; especially, noisome or noxious
exhalation; as, the <i>effluvium</i> from diseased or putrefying
bodies, or from ill drainage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef"flux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Effluent</u>,
<u>Flux</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of flowing
out, or issuing forth; effusion; outflow; as, the <i>efflux</i> of
matter from an ulcer; the <i>efflux</i> of men's piety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is then that the devout affections . . . are
incessantly in <i>efflux</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which flows out; emanation;
effluence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prime cheerer, light! . . . <BR>
<i>Efflux</i> divine.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*flux"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To run out; to
flow forth; to pass away.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*flux"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Efflux</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of flowing out;
effusion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which flows out; effluvium;
emanation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some light <i>effluxions</i> from spirit to
spirit.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fo"di*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>effodiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>effodere</i> to dig out; <i>ex</i> +
<i>fodere</i> to dig.] <def>Digging up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*force</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Efforced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Efforcing</u> (?).] [OF. <i>esforcier</i> (F. <i>s'efforcer</i> to
exert one's self), LL. <i>exforciare</i>; L. <i>ex</i> +
<i>fortis</i> strong. See <u>Force</u>.] <def>To force; to constrain;
to compel to yield.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-</i> +
<i>form</i>.] <def>To form; to shape.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Efforming</i> their words within their
lips.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef`for*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
giving shape or form.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef"fort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>effort</i>, OF.
<i>esfort</i>, for <i>esfors</i>, <i>esforz</i>, fr.
<i>esforcier</i>. See <u>Efforce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
exertion of strength or power, whether physical or mental, in
performing an act or aiming at an object; more or less strenuous
endeavor; struggle directed to the accomplishment of an object; as,
an <i>effort</i> to scale a wall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We prize the stronger <i>effort</i> of his
power.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A force acting on a body in
the direction of its motion.</def>  <i>Rankine.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Endeavor; exertion; struggle; strain; straining;
attempt; trial; essay. See <u>Attempt</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ef"fort</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stimulate.</def>
[Obs.] "He <i>efforted</i> his spirits."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef"fort*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making no
effort.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fos"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>effossio</i>. See <u>Effodient</u>.] <def>A digging out or
up.</def> [R.] "The <i>effossion</i> of coins."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fran"chise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-
</i> + <i>franchise</i>: cf. OF. <i>esfranchir</i>.] <def>To
enfranchise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fray"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>effrayer</i>. See <u>Affray</u>.] <def>To frighten; to
scare.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fray"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Frightful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef`fre*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>effrenatio</i>, fr. <i>effrenare</i> to unbridle; <i>ex</i> +
<i>frenum</i> a bridle.] <def>Unbridled license; unruliness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*front"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give
assurance to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*front"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Effronteries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>effronterie</i>, fr.
<i>effront&eacute;</i> shameless, fr. L. <i>effrons</i>, <i>-
ontis</i>, putting forth the forehead, <i>i. e.</i>, barefaced,
shameless; <i>ex</i> + <i>frons</i> the forehead. See <u>Front</u>.]
<def>Impudence or boldness in confronting or in transgressing the
bounds of duty or decorum; insulting presumptuousness; shameless
boldness; barefaced assurance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Corruption lost nothing of its
<i>effrontery</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impudence; sauciness. See <u>Impudence</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ef*front"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>effront&eacute;</i>.] <def>Marked by impudence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fron"tu*ous*ly</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Impudently.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fulge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Effulged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Effulging</u> (?).] [L. <i>effulgere</i> to shine forth; <i>ex</i>
+ <i>fulgere</i> to flash, shine. See <u>Fulgent</u>.] <def>To cause
to shine with abundance of light; to radiate; to beam.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His eyes <i>effulging</i> a peculiar
fire.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fulge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shine forth;
to beam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*ful"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being effulgent; extreme brilliancy; a flood of light; great luster
or brightness; splendor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>effulgence</i> of his glory
abides.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bright and the balmy <i>effulgence</i> of
morn.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*ful"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>effulgens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>effulgere</i>.]
<def>Diffusing a flood of light; shining; luminous; beaming; bright;
splendid.</def> "<i>Effulgent</i> rays of light."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*ful"gent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
effulgent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fu`ma*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
capability of flying off in fumes or vapor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>effumare</i>
to emit smoke; <i>ex</i> + <i>fumare</i> to smoke, fr. <i>fumus</i>
smoke.] <def>To breathe or puff out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fund"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>effundere</i>. See <u>Effuse</u>.] <def>To pour out.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>effusus</i>, p.
p. of <i>effundere</i> to pour out; <i>ex</i> + <i>fundere</i> to
pour. See <u>Fuse</u> to melt.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Poured out
freely; profuse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So should our joy be very <i>effuse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to pour out freely;
prodigal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Spreading loosely,
especially on one side; as, an <i>effuse</i> inflorescence.</def>
<i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the lips, or
edges, of the aperture abruptly spreading; -- said of certain
shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fuse"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Effusion; loss.</def>
"Much <i>effuse</i> of blood."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Effused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Effusing</u>.] <def>To pour out like a stream or freely; to cause
to exude; to shed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With gushing blood <i>effused</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fuse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To emanate; to
issue.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>effusio</i>:
cf. F. <i>effusion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of pouring
out; as, <i>effusion</i> of water, of blood, of grace, of words, and
the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To save the <i>effusion</i> of my people's
blood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is poured out, literally or
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wash me with that precious <i>effusion</i>, and I
shall be whiter than sow.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The light <i>effusions</i> of a heedless
boy.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Pathol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
escape of a fluid out of its natural vessel, either by rupture of the
vessel, or by exudation through its walls. It may pass into the
substance of an organ, or issue upon a free surface.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The liquid escaping or exuded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pouring out;
pouring forth freely.</def> "Washed with the <i>effusive</i> wave."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Effusive rocks</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>volcanic
rocks, in distinction from so-called <i>intrusive</i>, or
<i>plutonic</i>, rocks.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ef*fu"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ef*fu"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ef"reet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Afrit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>efete</i> lizard.
See <u>Newt</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
European lizard of the genus <i>Seps</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A salamander, esp. the European smooth newt (<i>Triton
punctatus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Eft</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>eft</i>,
<i>&aelig;ft</i>, again, back, afterward. See <u>Aft</u>,
<u>After</u>.] <def>Again; afterwards; soon; quickly.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I wold never <i>eft</i> comen into the
snare.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eft*soon"</hw> (?), <hw>Eft*soons"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>eftsone</i>, <i>eftsones</i>; AS.
<i>eft + s&?;na</i> soon. See <u>Eft</u>, and <u>Soon</u>.]
<def>Again; anew; a second time; at once; speedily.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>And, if he fall from his capel [horse]
<i>eftsone</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The champion stout <i>eftsoons</i>
dismounted.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*gad"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Euphemistic
corruption of the oath, "by God."] <def>An exclamation expressing
exultation or surprise, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>&eacute;gal</i>.
See <u>Equal</u>.] <def>Equal; impartial.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*gal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>egalite</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;galit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Equality.</def>  <i>Chaucer.
Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ge"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>&AElig;gean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>egens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>egere</i> to be needy, suffer want.] <def>The
state of needing, or of suffering a natural want.</def> [R.]  <i>J.
Grote.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>E"ger</hw> (?), <hw>E"gre</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Eager</u>.] <def>Sharp; bitter; acid; sour.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>egre</i> words of thy friend.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An impetuous flood; a
bore. See <u>Eagre</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ger"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>egerminare</i> to sprout.] <def>To germinate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*gest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>egestus</i>,
p. p. of <i>egerere</i> to carry out, to discharge; <i>e</i> out +
<i>gerere</i> to carry.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To cast or throw out;
to void, as excrement; to excrete, as the indigestible matter of the
food; in an extended sense, to excrete by the lungs, skin, or
kidneys.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*ges"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., neut. pl.
from p. p. of L. <i>egere</i>. See <u>Egest</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>That which is egested or thrown off from the body by the various
excretory channels; excrements; -- opposed to
<i>ingesta</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ges"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>egestio</i>.]
<def>Act or process of egesting; a voiding.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Egg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., fr. Icel. <i>egg</i>;
akin to AS. <i>&aelig;g</i> (whence OE. <i>ey</i>), Sw.
<i>&auml;gg</i>, Dan. <i>&aelig;g</i>, G. &amp; D. <i>ei</i>, and prob.
to OSlav. <i>aje</i>, <i>jaje</i>, L. <i>ovum</i>, Gr.
<grk>'w,o`n</grk>, Ir. <i>ugh</i>, Gael. <i>ubh</i>, and perh. to L.
<i>avis</i> bird.  Cf. <u>Oval</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Popularly)</i> <def>The oval or roundish body laid by domestic
poultry and other birds, tortoises, etc. It consists of a yolk,
usually surrounded by the "white" or albumen, and inclosed in a shell
or strong membrane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A simple cell, from the
development of which the young of animals are formed; ovum; germ
cell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling an egg in
form.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Egg</i> is used adjectively, or as the first part of
self-explaining compounds; as, <i>egg</i> beater or <i>egg</i>-
beater, <i>egg</i> case, <i>egg</i> ladle, <i>egg</i>-shaped,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Egg and anchor</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an egg-shaped
ornament, alternating with another in the form of a dart, used to
enrich the ovolo; -- called also <i>egg and dart</i>, and <i>egg and
tongue</i>. See <u>Anchor</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd>
<i>Ogilvie.</i> -- <col><b>Egg cleavage</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>,
<cd>a process of cleavage or segmentation, by which the egg undergoes
endogenous division with formation of a mass of nearly similar cells,
from the growth and differentiation of which the new organism is
ultimately formed. See <i>Segmentation of the ovum</i>, under
<u>Segmentation</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Egg development</b></col>
<i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the process of the development of an egg, by
which the embryo is formed.</cd> -- <col><b>Egg mite</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any mite which devours the eggs of insects,
as <i>Nothrus ovivorus</i>, which destroys those of the canker
worm.</cd> -- <col><b>Egg parasite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any small hymenopterous insect, which, in the larval stage, lives
within the eggs of other insects. Many genera and species are
known.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Egg</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Egged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Egging</u> (?).] [OE. <i>eggen</i>, Icel. <i>eggja</i>, fr.
<i>egg</i> edge. &?;&?;. See <u>Edge</u>.] <def>To urge on; to
instigate; to incite&?;</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adam and Eve he <i>egged</i> to ill.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[She] did <i>egg</i> him on to tell<BR>
How fair she was.</blockquote> <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eg"gar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bombycid moth of the genera
<i>Eriogaster</i> and <i>Lasiocampa</i>; as, the oak <i>eggar</i>
(<i>L. roboris</i>) of Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Egg"-bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A species of tern, esp. the sooty tern (<i>Sterna
fuliginosa</i>) of the West Indies. In the Bahama Islands the name is
applied to the tropic bird, <i>Pha&euml;thon
flavirostris</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Egg"-cup`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cup used for
holding an egg, at table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eg"ge*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Egg</i>, v. t. +
<i>-ment</i>.] <def>Instigation; incitement.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Egg"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Egg</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>One who gathers eggs; an eggler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Egg"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Egg</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>One who eggs or incites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Egg"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where
eggs are deposited (as by sea birds) or kept; a nest of eggs.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Egg"-glass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
sandglass, running about three minutes, for marking time in boiling
eggs; also, a small glass for holding an egg, at table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Egg"hot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of posset
made of eggs, brandy, sugar, and ale.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Egg"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gathers,
or deals in, eggs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Egg`nog"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drink
consisting of eggs beaten up with sugar, milk, and (usually) wine or
spirits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Egg"plant`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant (<i>Solanum Melongena</i>), of East Indian origin, allied to
the tomato, and bearing a large, smooth, edible fruit, shaped
somewhat like an egg; mad-apple.</def></p>

<p><! p. 474 !></p>

<p><hw>Egg"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling an
egg in form; ovoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Egg"shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The shell or exterior covering of an egg. Also used figuratively
for anything resembling an eggshell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A smooth, white,
marine, gastropod shell of the genus <i>Ovulum</i>, resembling an egg
in form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Egg" squash`</hw> (?). <def>A variety of squash with small
egg-shaped fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"ghen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Eyes.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eg`i*lop"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>&AElig;gilops</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, of the
nature of, or affected with, an &aelig;gilops, or tumor in the corner
of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eg"i*lops</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>&AElig;gilops</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*glan"du*lose`</hw> (?; 135), <hw>E*glan"du*lous</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.  <i>e-</i> + <i>glandulose</i>,
<i>glandulosus</i>.] <def>Destitute of glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eg"lan*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;glantine</i>, fr. OF. <i>aiglent</i> brier, hip tree, fr.
(assumed) LL. <i>acuculentus</i>, fr. a dim. of L. <i>acus</i>
needle; cf. F. <i>aiguille</i> needle.  Cf. <u>Aglet</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A species of rose (<i>Rosa
Eglanteria</i>), with fragrant foliage and flowers of various
colors.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sweetbrier (<i>R.
rubiginosa</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; Milton, in the following lines, has applied the name to
some twining plant, perhaps the honeysuckle.</p>

<p><blockquote>Through the sweetbrier, or the vine,<BR>
Or the twisted <i>eglantine</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Allegro,
47.</i></p>

<p>"In our early writers and in Gerarde and the herbalists, it was a
shrub with white flowers."  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eg"la*tere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Eglantine.</def> [Obs. or R.] [Written also <i>eglantere</i>.]
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eg"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European perch when two years old.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>E*glom"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-
</i> + <i>glomerate</i>.] <def>To unwind, as a thread from a
ball.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., I.] <i>(Met.)</i>
<def>The conscious and permanent subject of all psychical
experiences, whether held to be directly known or the product of
reflective thought; -- opposed to <i>non-ego</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*go"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
egoism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E"go*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;go&iuml;sme</i>, fr. L. <i>-ego</i> I.  See <u>I</u>, and
cf. <u>Egotism</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The
doctrine of certain extreme adherents or disciples of Descartes and
Johann Gottlieb Fichte, which finds all the elements of knowledge in
the <i>ego</i> and the relations which it implies or provides
for.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessive love and thought of self; the
habit of regarding one's self as the center of every interest;
selfishness; -- opposed to <i>altruism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"go*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;go&iuml;ste</i>. See <u>Egoism</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One given overmuch to egoism or thoughts of self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I, dullard <i>egoist</i>, taking no special
recognition of such nobleness.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>A believer in
egoism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E`go*is"tic</hw> (?), <hw>E`go*is"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to egoism; imbued with egoism or
excessive thoughts of self; self-loving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ill-natured feeling, or <i>egoistic</i> pleasure in
making men miserable.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`go*is"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
egoistic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*go"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Personality.</def> [R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"go*mism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Egoism.</def>
[R.]  <i>A. Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`go*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to,
or resembling, egophony.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*goph"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, goat
+ &?; voice.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The sound of a patient's voice so
modified as to resemble the bleating of a goat, heard on applying the
ear to the chest in certain diseases within its cavity, as in
pleurisy with effusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"go*the`ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'egw`</grk> I + <grk>qeo`s</grk> God.] <def>The deification of
self.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E"go*tism</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ego</i> I
+ ending <i>-tism</i> for <i>-ism</i>, prob. influenced by other
English words in <i>-tism</i> fr. the Greek, where <i>t</i> is not
part of the ending, as <i>baptism</i>. See <u>Egoism</u>.] <def>The
practice of too frequently using the word <i>I</i>; hence, a speaking
or writing overmuch of one's self; self-exaltation; self-praise; the
act or practice of magnifying one's self or parading one's own
doings. The word is also used in the sense of
<i>egoism</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His excessive <i>egotism</i>, which filled all objects
with himself.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Egotism</u>, <u>Self-conceit</u>, <u>Vanity</u>,
<u>Egoism</u>. <i>Self-conceit</i> is an overweening opinion of one's
talents, capacity, attractions, etc.; <i>egotism</i> is the acting
out of <i>self-conceit</i>, or self-importance, in words and exterior
conduct; <i>vanity</i> is inflation of mind arising from the idea of
being thought highly of by others. It shows itself by its eagerness
to catch the notice of others. <i>Egoism</i> is a state in which the
feelings are concentrated on one's self. Its expression is
<i>egotism</i>.</p>

<p><hw>E"go*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ego</i> I +
ending <i>-tist</i> for <i>-ist</i>. See <u>Egotism</u>, and cf.
<u>Egoist</u>.] <def>One addicted to egotism; one who speaks much of
himself or magnifies his own achievements or affairs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E`go*tis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>E`go*tis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Addicted to, or manifesting,
egotism.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Conceited; vain; self-important; opinionated.</p>

<p><hw>E`go*tis"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
egotism.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"go*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Egotized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Egotizing</u> (?).] [See <u>Egotism</u>.] <def>To talk or write as
an egotist.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*gran"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-</i>
+ <i>granule</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having no granules, as
chlorophyll in certain conditions.</def>  <i>R. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"gre</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Eager</u>, and <u>Eagre</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*gre"gious</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>egregius</i>; lit., separated or chosen from the herd, <i>i.
e.</i>, distinguished, excellent; <i>e</i> out + <i>grex</i>,
<i>gregis</i>, herd. See <u>Gregarious</u>.] <def>Surpassing;
extraordinary; distinguished (in a bad sense); -- formerly used with
words importing a good quality, but now joined with words having a
bad sense; as, an <i>egregious</i> rascal; an <i>egregious</i> ass;
an <i>egregious</i> mistake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>egregious</i> impudence of this
fellow.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His [Wyclif's] <i>egregious</i> labors are not to be
neglected.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*gre"gious*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Greatly;
enormously; shamefully; as, <i>egregiously</i> cheated.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*gre"gious*ness</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being egregious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eg"re*moin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Agrimony</u>.] <def>Agrimony (<i>Agrimonia Eupatoria</i>).</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"gress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>egressus</i>,
fr. <i>egredi</i> to go out; <i>e</i> out + <i>gradi</i> to go. See
<u>Grade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of going out or
leaving, or the power to leave; departure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Embarred from all <i>egress</i> and
regress.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gates of burning adamant,<BR>
Barred over us, prohibit all <i>egress</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The passing off from the
sun's disk of an inferior planet, in a transit.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*gress"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go out; to
depart; to leave.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*gres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>egressio</i>.] <def>The act of going; egress.</def> [R.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*gress"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who goes
out.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E"gret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Aigret</u>,
<u>Heron</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The name
of several species of herons which bear plumes on the back. They are
generally white. Among the best known species are the American egret
(<i>Ardea, or Herodias, egretta</i>); the great egret (<i>A.
alba</i>); the little egret (<i>A. garzetta</i>), of Europe; and the
American snowy egret (<i>A. candidissima</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bunch of <i>egrets</i> killed for their
plumage.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plume or tuft of feathers worn as a part
of a headdress, or anything imitating such an ornament; an
aigrette.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The flying feathery or hairy
crown of seeds or achenes, as the down of the thistle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of
ape.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*grette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Aigrette</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Egret</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eg"ri*mo*ny</hw> (?), [Corrupted fr. <i>agrimony</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The herb agrimony.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Eg"ri*mo*ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aegrimonia</i>.]
<def>Sorrow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E"gri*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>aigrette</i>,
<i>griotte</i>, formerly <i>agriote</i>; cf. <i>aigre</i> sour.]
<def>A kind of sour cherry.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"gri*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aegritudo</i>, fr. <i>aeger</i> sick.] <def>Sickness; ailment;
sorrow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*gyp"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Aegyptius</i>, Gr. &?;, fr.  &?; (L. <i>Aegyptus</i>) Egypt: cf.
F. <i>&eacute;gyptien</i>.  Cf. <u>Gypsy</u>.] <def>Pertaining to
Egypt, in Africa.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Egyptian bean</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The beanlike fruit of an aquatic plant (<i>Nelumbium
speciosum</i>), somewhat resembling the water lily.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See under <u>Bean</u>, 1.</cd> --
<col><b>Egyptian cross</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i> (No. 6) of
<u>Cross</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Egyptian thorn</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a medium-sized tree (<i>Acacia vera</i>). It is one of the chief
sources of the best gum arabic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*gyp"tian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native, or one of the people, of Egypt; also, the Egyptian
language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gypsy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"gypt*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Egyptized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Egyptizing</u> (?).] <def>To give an Egyptian
character or appearance to.</def>  <i>Fairbairn.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>E`gyp*tol"o*ger</hw> (?), <hw>E`gyp*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in the antiquities of Egypt; a
student of Egyptology.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*gyp`to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or devoted to, Egyptology.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`gyp*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Egypt</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science or study of Egyptian antiquities,
esp. the hieroglyphics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eh</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ei</i>,
<i>ey</i>.] <def>An expression of inquiry or slight
surprise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eh"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Ehl</i> near
Linz, where it occurs.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a green color
and pearly luster; a hydrous phosphate of copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ei"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin, cf.
Icel <i>&aelig;&?;r</i>; akin to Sw. <i>eider</i>, Dan.
<i>ederfugl</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of sea duck of
the genus <i>Somateria</i>, esp. <i>Somateria mollissima</i>, which
breeds in the northern parts of Europe and America, and lines its
nest with fine down (taken from its own body) which is an article of
commerce; -- called also <i>eider duck</i>. The American eider (<i>S.
Dresseri</i>), the king eider (<i>S. spectabilis</i>), and the
spectacled eider (<i>Arctonetta Fischeri</i>) are related
species.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Eider down</b></col>. [Cf. Icel.
<i>&aelig;&eth;ard&umacr;n</i>, Sw. <i>eiderd&umacr;n</i>, Dan.
<i>ederduun</i>.] <cd>Down of the eider duck, much sought after as an
article of luxury.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ei"do*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; form +
<i>graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for copying drawings on the same or
a different scale; a form of the pantograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ei*do"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.  &?;
image. See <u>Idol</u>.] <def>An image or representation; a form; a
phantom; an apparition.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eigh</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An exclamation
expressing delight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight</hw> (&amacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ait</u>.]
<def>An island in a river; an ait.</def> [Obs.] "Osiers on their
<i>eights</i>."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eight</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>eahta</i>; akin to
OS. <i>ahto</i>, OFries. <i>achta</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>acht</i>, OHG.
<i>ahto</i>, Icel. <i>&amacr;tta</i>, Sw. <i>&aring;tta</i>, Dan.
<i>otte</i>, Goth. <i>ahtau</i>, Lith. <i>aszt&uring;ni</i>, Ir. &
Gael. <i>ochd</i>, W. <i>wyth</i>, Armor. <i>eich</i>, <i>eiz</i>, L.
<i>octo</i>, Gr. <grk>'oktw`</grk>, Skr. <i>ash&tsdot;an</i>.
&radic;306.  Cf. <u>Octave</u>.] <def>Seven and one; as, <i>eight</i>
years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight</hw> (&amacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The number greater by a unit than seven; eight units or
objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing eight units, as 8 or
viii.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight"een`</hw> (&amacr;"t&emacr;n`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>eahtat&ymacr;ne</i>, <i>eahtat&emacr;ne</i>. See
<u>Eight</u>, and <u>Ten</u>, and cf. <u>Eighty</u>.] <def>Eight and
ten; as, <i>eighteen</i> pounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight"een`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The number greater by a unit than seventeen; eighteen units or
objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol denoting eighteen units, as 18 or
xviii.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight`een"mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Octodecimo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight"eenth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Eighteen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next in order after the
seventeenth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of one of eighteen equal parts
or divisions of a thing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight"eenth`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quotient of a unit divided by eighteen; one of eighteen
equal parts or divisions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The eighth after the tenth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight"e*teth`e</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE., fr. AS.
<i>eahtate&oacute;&eth;a</i>; <i>eahta</i> eight +
<i>te&oacute;&eth;a</i> tenth.  Cf. <u>Eighteenth</u>, <u>Tenth</u>.]
<def>Eighteenth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Eight"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Eight times a
quantity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eighth</hw> (&amacr;tth), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>eahto&eth;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next in order after the
seventh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of one of eight equal divisions
of a thing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Eighth note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the eighth part
of a whole note, or semibreve; a quaver.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eighth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quotient of a unit divided by eight; one of eight equal parts; an
eighth part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The interval of an
octave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eighth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As the eighth in
order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight"i*eth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Eighty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The next in order after
seventy-ninth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of one of eighty equal parts or
divisions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight"i*eth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quotient of a
unit divided by eighty; one of eighty equal parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Eight</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A compound or twin crystal made
up of eight individuals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight"score`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Eight
times twenty; a hundred and sixty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>eahtatig</i>,
where the ending <i>-tig</i> is akin to English <i>ten</i>; cf. G.
<i>achtzig</i>. See <u>Eight</u>, and <u>Ten</u>.] <def>Eight times
ten; fourscore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eight"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
sum of eight times ten; eighty units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing eighty units, or ten
eight times repeated, as 80 or lxxx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eigne</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>aisn&eacute;</i>,
<i>ainsn&eacute;</i>, F. <i>a&icirc;n&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>ante
natus</i> born before.  Cf. <u>Esnecy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Eldest; firstborn.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Entailed; belonging to the eldest
son.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bastard eigne</b></col>, <cd>a bastard eldest son whose
parents afterwards intermarry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eik"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Eking</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ei"kon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>e'ikw`n</grk>.] <def>An image or effigy; -- used rather in an
abstract sense, and rarely for a work of art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ei"ko*sane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>e'i`kosi</grk>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A solid hydrocarbon,
C<sub>20</sub>H<sub>42</sub>, of the paraffine series, of artificial
production, and also probably occurring in petroleum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ei*kos"y*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>e'i`kosi</grk> twenty + acet<i>ylene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
liquid hydrocarbon, C<sub>20</sub>H<sub>38</sub>, of the acetylene
series, obtained from brown coal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eild</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Eld</u>.]
<def>Age.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Air.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ei`re*narch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Irenarch</u>.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A justice of the peace;
irenarch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ei*ren"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pacific. See
<u>Irenic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ei"rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Aerie</u>,
and <u>Eyrie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ei"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>aisil</i>,
<i>aissil</i>, fr. L. <i>acetum</i>.  Cf. <u>Acetic</u>.]
<def>Vinegar; verjuice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eis*tedd"fod</hw> (&amacr;s*t&ebreve;&thlig;"v&omacr;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W., session, fr. <i>eistedd</i> to sit.]
<def>An assembly or session of the Welsh bards; an annual congress of
bards, minstrels and literati of Wales, -- being a patriotic revival
of the old custom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ei"ther</hw> (&emacr;"&thlig;&etilde;r <i>or</i>
&imacr;"&thlig;&etilde;r; 277), <pos><i>a. &amp; pron.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>either</i>, <i>aither</i>, AS. <i>&aemacr;g&eth;er</i>,
<i>&aemacr;ghw&aelig;&eth;er</i> (akin to OHG.
<i>&emacr;ogiwedar</i>, MHG. <i>iegeweder</i>); <i>&amacr;</i> +
<i>ge</i> + <i>hw&aelig;&eth;er</i> whether. See <u>Each</u>, and
<u>Whether</u>, and cf. <u>Or</u>, <i>conj</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of two; the one or the other; -- properly used of two
things, but sometimes of a larger number, for <i>any
one</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lepidus flatters both,<BR>
Of both is flattered; but he neither loves,<BR>
Nor <i>either</i> cares for him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Scarce a palm of ground could be gotten by
<i>either</i> of the three.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There have been three talkers in Great British,
<i>either</i> of whom would illustrate what I say about
dogmatists.</blockquote> <i>Holmes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Each of two; the one and the other; both;
-- formerly, also, each of any number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His flowing hair<BR>
In curls on <i>either</i> cheek played.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On <i>either</i> side . . . was there the tree of
life.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xxii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The extreme right and left of <i>either</i> army never
engaged.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ei"ther</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Either precedes
two, or more, co&ouml;rdinate words or phrases, and is introductory
to an alternative. It is correlative to <i>or</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Either</i> he is talking, <i>or</i> he is pursuing,
<i>or</i> he is in a journey, <i>or</i> peradventure he
sleepeth.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xviii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Few writers hesitate to use <i>either</i> in what is
called a triple alternative; such as, We must <i>either</i> stay
where we are, proceed, or recede.</blockquote> <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Either</i> was formerly sometimes used without any
correlation, and where we should now use <i>or</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Can the fig tree, my brethren, bear olive berries?
<i>either</i> a vine, figs?</blockquote> <i>James iii. 12.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*jac"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ejaculated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ejaculating</u>.] [L. <i>ejaculatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>ejaculari</i> to throw out; <i>e</i> out + <i>ejaculari</i> to
throw, fr. <i>jaculum</i> javelin, dart, fr. <i>jacere</i> to throw.
See <u>Eject</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw out suddenly and
swiftly, as if a dart; to dart; to eject.</def> [Archaic or
Technical]</p>

<p><blockquote>Its active rays <i>ejaculated</i> thence.</blockquote>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><! p. 475 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw out, as an exclamation; to utter
by a brief and sudden impulse; as, to <i>ejaculate</i> a
prayer.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*jac"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter
ejaculations; to make short and hasty exclamations.</def> [R.]
"<i>Ejaculating</i> to himself."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*jac`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;jaculation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
throwing or darting out with a sudden force and rapid flight.</def>
[Archaic or Technical] "An <i>ejaculation</i> or irradiation of the
eye."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The uttering of a short, sudden
exclamation or prayer, or the exclamation or prayer
uttered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In your dressing, let there be <i>jaculations</i>
fitted to the several actions of dressing.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act of ejecting or
suddenly throwing, as a fluid from a duct.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*jac"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ejaculate</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which helps
ejaculation.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*jac"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Casting or throwing out; fitted to eject; as,
<i>ejaculatory</i> vessels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suddenly darted out; uttered in short
sentences; as, an <i>ejaculatory</i> prayer or petition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sudden; hasty.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Ejaculatory</i> repentances, that take us by fits and starts."
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ject"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ejected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ejecting</u>.] [L. <i>ejectus</i>, p. p. of <i>ejicere</i>;
<i>e</i> out + <i>jacere</i> to throw. See <u>Jet</u> a shooting
forth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To expel; to dismiss; to cast forth;
to thrust or drive out; to discharge; as, to <i>eject</i> a person
from a room; to <i>eject</i> a traitor from the country; to
<i>eject</i> words from the language.</def> "Eyes <i>ejecting</i>
flame."  <i>H. Brooke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To cast out; to evict; to
dispossess; as, to <i>eject</i> tenants from an estate.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To expel; banish; drive out; discharge; oust;
evict; dislodge; extrude; void.</p>

<p><hw>E*jec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ejectio</i>:
cf. F. <i>&eacute;jection</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
ejecting or casting out; discharge; expulsion; evacuation.</def>
"Vast <i>ejection</i> of ashes." <i>Eustace.</i> "The <i>ejection</i>
of a word."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act or process of
discharging anything from the body, particularly the
excretions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being ejected or cast out;
dispossession; banishment.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ject"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A casting out; a dispossession; an expulsion; ejection; as, the
<i>ejectment</i> of tenants from their homes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A species of mixed action,
which lies for the recovery of possession of real property, and
damages and costs for the wrongful withholding of it.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ject"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, ejects or dispossesses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A jet jump for lifting
water or withdrawing air from a space.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ejector condenser</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a
condenser in which the vacuum is maintained by a jet pump.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||E"joo</hw> (&emacr;"j&oomac;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>&imacr;j&umacr;</i> or <i>h&imacr;j&umacr;</i>.] <def>Gomuti
fiber. See <u>Gomuti</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ej`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ejulatio</i>, fr. <i>ejulare</i> to wail, lament.] <def>A wailing;
lamentation.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Ejulation</i> in the pangs of death."
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ek"a*bor`</hw> (&ebreve;k"&adot;*b&omacr;r`),
<hw>Ek"a*bo"ron</hw> (-b&omacr;"r&obreve;n), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[G., fr. Skr. <i>&emacr;ka</i> one + G. <i>bor</i>, <i>boron</i>, E.
<i>boron</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The name given by Mendelejeff in
accordance with the periodic law, and by prediction, to a
hypothetical element then unknown, but since discovered and named
<i>scandium</i>; -- so called because it was a missing analogue of
the boron group. See <u>Scandium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ek*al`u*min"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>&emacr;ka</i> one + E. <i>aluminium</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
name given to a hypothetical element, -- later discovered and called
<i>gallium</i>. See <u>Gallium</u>, and cf. <u>Ekabor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ek`a*sil"i*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>&emacr;ka</i> one + E. <i>silicon</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
name of a hypothetical element predicted and afterwards discovered
and named <i>germanium</i>; -- so called because it was a missing
analogue of the silicon group. See <u>Germanium</u>, and cf.
<u>Ekabor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eke</hw> (&emacr;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Eked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Eking</u>.] [AS. <i>&emacr;kan</i>, <i>&ymacr;kan</i>; akin to
OFries, <i>&amacr;ka</i>, OS. <i>&?;kian</i>, OHG.
<i>ouhh&omacr;n</i> to add, Icel. <i>auka</i> to increase, Sw.
<i>&ouml;ka</i>, Dan. <i>&ouml;ge</i>, Goth. <i>aukan</i>, L.
<i>augere</i>, Skr. <i>&?;jas</i> strength, <i>ugra</i> mighty, and
probably to English <i>wax</i>, v. i.  Cf. <u>Augment</u>,
<u>Nickname</u>.] <def>To increase; to add to; to augment; -- now
commonly used with <i>out</i>, the notion conveyed being to add to,
or piece out by a laborious, inferior, or scanty addition; as, to
<i>eke</i> out a scanty supply of one kind with some other.</def> "To
<i>eke</i> my pain."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>eked</i> out by his wits an income of barely
fifty pounds.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eke</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>e&aacute;c</i>; akin
to OFries. <i>&aacute;k</i>, OS. <i>&?;k</i>, D. <i>&?;ok</i>, OHG.
<i>ouh</i>, G.  <i>auch</i>, Icel. <i>auk</i>, Sw. <i>och</i> and,
Dan. <i>og</i>, Goth. <i>auk</i> for, but. Prob. from the preceding
verb.] <def>In addition; also; likewise.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>'T will be prodigious hard to prove<BR>
That this is <i>eke</i> the throne of love.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A trainband captain <i>eke</i> was he<BR>
Of famous London town.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Eke</i> serves less to unite than to render prominent a
subjoined more important sentence or notion.
<i>M&auml;tzner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eke</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An addition.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Clumsy <i>ekes</i> that may well be
spared.</blockquote> <i>Geddes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ek"e*berg`ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Ekeberg</i>, a German.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of
scapolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eke"name`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Nickname</u>.] <def>An additional or epithet name; a
nickname.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ek"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Eke</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A lengthening or filling piece to make good a deficiency in
length.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The carved work under the
quarter piece at the aft part of the quarter gallery.</def> [Written
also <i>eiking</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>E"-la`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Originally, the
highest note in the scale of Guido; hence, proverbially, any
extravagant saying.</def> "Why, this is above <i>E-la</i>!"  <i>Beau.
& Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lab"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elaboratus</i>, p. p. of <i>elaborare</i> to work out; <i>e</i>
out + <i>laborare</i> to labor, <i>labor</i> labor. See
<u>Labor</u>.] <def>Wrought with labor; finished with great care;
studied; executed with exactness or painstaking; as, an
<i>elaborate</i> discourse; an <i>elaborate</i> performance;
<i>elaborate</i> research.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drawn to the life in each <i>elaborate</i>
page.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Labored; complicated; studied; perfected; high-
wrought.</p>

<p>-- <wf>E*lab"o*rate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>E*lab"o*rate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E*lab"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Elaborated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Elaborating</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
produce with labor</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They in full joy <i>elaborate</i> a sigh,</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perfect with painstaking; to improve or
refine with labor and study, or by successive operations; as, to
<i>elaborate</i> a painting or a literary work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sap is . . . still more <i>elaborated</i> and
exalted as it circulates through the vessels of the
plant.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>elaborated</hw> <pos><i>adj.</i></pos>  <def>developed or
executed with care and in minute detail; as, the carefully
<i>elaborated</i> theme.</def><BR>
<b>Syn. --</b> detailed, elaborate.<BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><hw>E*lab`o*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elaboratio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;laboration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of producing or refining
with labor; improvement by successive operations;
refinement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The natural process of
formation or assimilation, performed by the living organs in animals
and vegetables, by which a crude substance is changed into something
of a higher order; as, the <i>elaboration</i> of food into chyme; the
<i>elaboration</i> of chyle, or sap, or tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lab"o*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving or
tending to elaborate; constructing with labor and minute attention to
details.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Elaborative faculty</b></col> <i>(Metaph.)</i>, <cd>the
intellectual power of discerning relations and of viewing objects by
means of, or in, relations; the discursive faculty; thought.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*lab"o*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, elaborates.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lab"o*ra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to elaborate.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lab"o*ra*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
laboratory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||E`l&aelig;*ag"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a B&oelig;otian marsh plant; &?; olive + &?; sacred, pure.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs or small trees, having the
foliage covered with small silvery scales; oleaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*l&aelig;"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; olive tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of palms.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>El&aelig;is Guineensis</i>, the African oil palm, is a
tree twenty or thirty feet high, with immense pinnate leaves and
large masses of fruit. The berries are rather larger than olives, and
when boiled in water yield the orange-red palm oil.</p>

<p><hw>E*l&aelig;"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
olive oil, oil + <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of
hephelite, usually massive, of greasy luster, and gray to reddish
color.</def></p>

<p><col><b>El&aelig;olite syenite</b></col>, <cd>a kind of syenite
characterized by the presence of el&aelig;olite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E`l&aelig;*op"tene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
olive oil, oil + &?; winged, fleeting.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The more
liquid or volatile portion of certain oily substance, as
distinguished from <i>stearoptene</i>, the more solid parts.</def>
[Written also <i>elaoptene</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>E*la"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of elaidic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`la*id"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;la&iuml;dique</i>. See <u>Elaine</u>.] <def>Relating to
oleic acid, or elaine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Elaidic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a fatty acid
isomeric with oleic acid, and obtained from it by the action of
nitrous acid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*la"i*din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;la&iuml;dine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A solid isomeric
modification of olein.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*la"ine</hw> (?), or <hw>E*la"in</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; olive oil, oil, from &?; the olive
tree: cf. F. <i>&eacute;la&iuml;ne</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Olein</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lai*od"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; olive oil,
oil + &?; form.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Derived from castor oil;
ricinoleic; as, <i>elaiodic</i> acid.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E`lai*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; olive
oil, oil + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An apparatus for
determining the amount of oil contained in any substance, or for
ascertaining the degree of purity of oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"lam*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dweller in
Flam (or Susiana), an ancient kingdom of Southwestern Asia,
afterwards a province of Persia.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lamp"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lamp</u>.]
<def>Shining.</def> [Obs.]  <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`lan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>&eacute;lancer</i> to dart.] <def>Ardor inspired by passion or
enthusiasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Elanced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Elancing</u> (?).] [F. <i>&eacute;lancer</i>, OF.
<i>eslancier</i>; pref. <i>es-</i> (L. <i>ex</i>) + F. <i>lancer</i>
to dart, throw, fr. <i>lance</i>.] <def>To throw as a lance; to hurl;
to dart.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>While thy unerring hand <i>elanced</i> . . . a
dart.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>eland</i> elk, of
Slav. origin; cf. Pol. <i>jelen</i> stag, Russ. <i>ol&eacute;ne</i>,
Lith. <i>elnis</i>; perh. akin to E. <i>elk</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of large South African antelope
(<i>Oreas canna</i>). It is valued both for its hide and flesh, and
is rapidly disappearing in the settled districts; -- called also
<i>Cape elk</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The elk or
moose.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*la"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A kite of the genus <i>Elanus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*la"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>El&aelig;olite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`la*op"tene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>El&aelig;optene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"a*phine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; stag.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, resembling, or characteristic
of, the stag, or <i>Cervus elaphus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"a*phure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A species of deer (<i>Elaphurus Davidianus</i>) found in china.
It is about four feet high at the shoulder and has peculiar
antlers.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lap`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elapidatus</i> cleared from stones; <i>e</i> out + <i>lapis</i>
stone.] <def>A clearing away of stones.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>El"a*pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Elaps</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
<i>Elapid&aelig;</i>, a family of poisonous serpents, including the
cobras. See <u>Ophidia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E"laps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., of uncertain
origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of venomous snakes found
both in America and the Old World. Many species are known. See
<i>Coral snake</i>, under <u>Coral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lapse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Elapsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Elapsing</u>.] [L. <i>elapsus</i>, p. p. of <i>elabi</i> to glide
away; <i>e</i> out + <i>labi</i> to fall, slide. See <u>Lapse</u>.]
<def>To slip or glide away; to pass away silently, as time; -- used
chiefly in reference to time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eight days <i>elapsed</i>; at length a pilgrim
came.</blockquote> <i>Hoole.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lap"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
elapsing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*la"que*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elaqueatus</i>, p. p. of <i>elaqueare</i> to unfetter.] <def>To
disentangle.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||El`a*sip"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; metal beaten out, metal plate + <i>-poda</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of holothurians mostly found in the
deep sea. They are remarkable for their bilateral symmetry and
curious forms.</def> [Written also <i>Elasmopoda</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>E*las"mo*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Elasmobranchii.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Elasmobranchii.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*las`mo*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to Elasmobranchii.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>One of the Elasmobranchii.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*las`mo*bran"chi*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; a metal plate + L. <i>branchia</i> a gill.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A subclass of fishes, comprising the sharks,
the rays, and the Chim&aelig;ra. The skeleton is mainly
cartilaginous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*las`mo*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a metal plate + &?; a lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An
extinct, long-necked, marine, cretaceous reptile from Kansas, allied
to Plesiosaurus.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*las"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Formed fr. Gr. &?;
to drive; prob. akin to L. <i>alacer</i> lively, brisk, and E.
<i>alacrity</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;lastique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Springing back; having a power or inherent property of returning
to the form from which a substance is bent, drawn, pressed, or
twisted; springy; having the power of rebounding; as, a bow is
<i>elastic</i>; the air is <i>elastic</i>; India rubber is
<i>elastic</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Capable of being drawn out by force like a piece of
<i>elastic</i> gum, and by its own elasticity returning, when the
force is removed, to its former position.</blockquote>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Able to return quickly to a former state
or condition, after being depressed or overtaxed; having power to
recover easily from shocks and trials; as, <i>elastic</i> spirits; an
<i>elastic</i> constitution.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Elastic bitumen</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Elaterite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Elastic curve</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>The curve made by a thin
elastic rod fixed horizontally at one end and loaded at the
other.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>The figure assumed
by the longitudinal axis of an originally straight bar under any
system of bending forces.</cd> <i>Rankine.</i> -- <col><b>Elastic
fluids</b></col>, <cd>those which have the property of expanding in
all directions on the removal of external pressure, as the air,
steam, and other gases and vapors.</cd> -- <col><b>Elastic
limit</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the limit of distortion, by
bending, stretching, etc., that a body can undergo and yet return to
its original form when relieved from stress; also, the unit force or
stress required to produce this distortion. Within the elastic limit
the distortion is directly proportional to the stress producing
it.</cd> -- <col><b>Elastic tissue</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a
variety of connective tissue consisting of a network of slender and
very elastic fibers which are but slightly affected by acids or
alkalies.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum elastic</b></col>,
<cd>caoutchouc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*las"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An elastic woven
fabric, as a belt, braces or suspenders, etc., made in part of India
rubber.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>E*las"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Elastic.</def> [R.]  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*las"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
elastic manner; by an elastic power; with a spring.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`las*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lasticit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality
of being elastic; the inherent property in bodies by which they
recover their former figure or dimensions, after the removal of
external pressure or altering force; springiness; tendency to
rebound; as, the <i>elasticity</i> of caoutchouc; the
<i>elasticity</i> of the air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power of resistance to, or recovery from,
depression or overwork.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coefficient of elasticity</b></col>, <cd>the quotient of a
stress (of a given kind), by the strain (of a given kind) which it
produces; -- called also <i>coefficient of resistance</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Surface of elasticity</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the pedal
surface of an ellipsoid (see <u>Pedal</u>); a surface used in
explaining the phenomena of double refraction and their relation to
the elastic force of the luminous ether in crystalline
media.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*las"tic*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being elastic; elasticity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*las"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Elast</i>ic +
<i>-in</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous substance,
somewhat resembling albumin, which forms the chemical basis of
elastic tissue. It is very insoluble in most fluids, but is gradually
dissolved when digested with either pepsin or trypsin.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*late"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>elatus</i>
elevated, fig., elated, proud (the figure, perh., being borrowed from
a prancing horse); <i>e</i> out + <i>latus</i> (used as p. p. of
<i>ferre</i> to bear), for <i>tlatus</i>, and akin to E.
<i>tolerate</i>. See <u>Tolerate</u>, and cf. <u>Extol</u>.]</p>

<p><! p. 476 !> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lifted up; raised;
elevated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With upper lip <i>elate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And sovereign law, that State's collected will,<BR>
O'er thrones and globes, <i>elate</i>,<BR>
Sits empress, crowning good, repressing ill.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Jones.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the spirits raised by success, or
by hope; flushed or exalted with confidence; elated;
exultant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, thoughtless mortals! ever blind to fate,<BR>
Too soon dejected, and dejected, and too soon
<i>elate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our nineteenth century is wonderfully set up in its
own esteem, wonderfully <i>elate</i> at its progress.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. H. H. Jackson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Puffed up; lofty; proud; haughty; exalted;
inspirited; transported; delighted; overjoyed.</p>

<p><hw>E*late"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Elated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Elating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To raise; to exalt.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By the potent sun <i>elated</i> high.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exalt the spirit of; to fill with
confidence or exultation; to elevate or flush with success; to puff
up; to make proud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foolishly <i>elated</i> by spiritual
pride.</blockquote> <i>Warburton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You ought not be <i>elated</i> at the chance mishaps
of your enemies.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lat"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
elation.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lat"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being elated.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, elates.</def></p>

<p><hw>||El"a*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
driver, fr. &?; to drive.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
elastic spiral filament for dispersing the spores, as in some
liverworts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any beetle of the
family <i>Elaterid&aelig;</i>, having the habit, when laid on the
back, of giving a sudden upward spring, by a quick movement of the
articulation between the abdomen and thorax; -- called also <i>click
beetle</i>, <i>spring beetle</i>, and <i>snapping
beetle</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The caudal spring used
by <i>Podura</i> and related insects for leaping. See
<u>Collembola</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"a*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The active principle of elaterium, being found in the juice of
the wild or squirting cucumber (<i>Ecballium agreste</i>, formerly
<i>Motordica Elaterium</i>) and other related species. It is
extracted as a bitter, white, crystalline substance, which is a
violent purgative.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"a*ter*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral resin, of a blackish brown color, occurring in soft,
flexible masses; -- called also <i>mineral caoutchouc</i>, and
<i>elastic bitumen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`a*te"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
neut. of &?; driving. See 2d <u>Elater</u>.] <def>A cathartic
substance obtained, in the form of yellowish or greenish cakes, as
the dried residue of the juice of the wild or squirting cucumber
(<i>Ecballium agreste</i>, formerly called <i>Momordica
Elaterium</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>El`a*ter*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Elatrometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"a*ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d
<u>Elater</u>.] <def>Acting force; elasticity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>elatio</i>.
See <u>Elate</u>.] <def>A lifting up by success; exaltation;
inriation with pride of prosperity.</def> "Felt the <i>elation</i> of
triumph."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*la"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>Raised; lifted up; -- a term applied to what is also called the
<i>absolute superlative</i>, denoting a high or intense degree of a
quality, but not excluding the idea that an equal degree may exist in
other cases.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`a*trom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;  a
driver + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for
measuring the degree of rarefaction of air contained in the receiver
of an air pump.</def> [Spelt also <i>elaterometer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>E*la"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; olive oil, oil
+ <i>yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Olefiant gas or ethylene; -- so
called by Berzelius from its forming an oil combining with chlorine.
[Written also <i>elayle</i>.] See <u>Ethylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"bow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>elboga</i>,
<i>elnboga</i> (akin to D. <i>elleboga</i>, OHG. <i>elinbogo</i>, G.
<i>ellbogen</i>, <i>ellenbogen</i>, Icel. <i>&?;lnbogi</i>; prop.;
arm-bend); <i>eln</i> ell (orig., forearm) + <i>boga</i> a bending.
See 1st <u>Ell</u>, and 4th <u>Bow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
joint or bend of the arm; the outer curve in the middle of the arm
when bent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her arms to the <i>elbows</i> naked.</blockquote>
<i>R. of Gloucester.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any turn or bend like that of the elbow,
in a wall, building, and the like; a sudden turn in a line of coast
or course of a river; also, an angular or jointed part of any
structure, as the raised arm of a chair or sofa, or a short pipe
fitting, turning at an angle or bent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A sharp angle in any
surface of wainscoting or other woodwork; the upright sides which
flank any paneled work, as the sides of windows, where the jamb makes
an <i>elbow</i> with the window back.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Elbow</i> is used adjectively or as part of a compound,
to denote something <i>shaped like</i>, or <i>acting like</i>, <i>an
elbow</i>; as, <i>elbow</i> joint; <i>elbow</i> tongs or
<i>elbow</i>-tongs; <i>elbow</i>room, <i>elbow</i>-room, or
<i>elbow</i> room.</p>

<p><col><b>At the elbow</b></col>, <cd>very near; at hand.</cd> --
<col><b>Elbow grease</b></col>, <cd>energetic application of force in
manual labor.</cd> [Low] -- <col><b>Elbow in the hawse</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the twisting together of two cables by which a
vessel rides at anchor, caused by swinging completely round
once.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Elbow scissors</b></col>
<i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>scissors bent in the blade or shank for
convenience in cutting.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Out at
elbow</b></col>, <cd>with coat worn through at the elbows; shabby; in
needy circumstances.</cd></p>

<p><hw>El"bow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Elbowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Elbowing</u>.] <def>To push or hit with the elbow, as when one
pushes by another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [the Dutch] would <i>elbow</i> our own aldermen
off the Royal Exchange.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To elbow one's way</b></col>, <cd>to force one's way by
pushing with the elbows; as, <i>to elbow one's way</i> through a
crowd.</cd></p>

<p><hw>El"bow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To jut into an angle; to project or to bend after the manner of
an elbow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To push rudely along; to elbow one's
way.</def> "Purseproud, <i>elbowing</i> Insolence."
<i>Grainger.</i></p>

<p><hw>El"bow*board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The base of
a window casing, on which the elbows may rest.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"bow*chair`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chair with
arms to support the elbows; an armchair.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>El"bow*room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Room to
extend the elbows on each side; ample room for motion or action; free
scope.</def> "My soul hath <i>elbowroom</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then came a stretch of grass and a little more
<i>elbowroom</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. G. Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>El*ca"ja</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An Arabian tree (<i>Trichilia emetica</i>). The fruit, which is
emetic, is sometimes employed in the composition of an ointment for
the cure of the itch.</def></p>

<p><hw>El*ce"sa*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Elcesai</i>, the leader of the sect.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One of a
sect of Asiatic Gnostics of the time of the Emperor Trajan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eld</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>eald</i>.]
<def>Old.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eld</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>yldu</i>, <i>yldo</i>,
<i>eldo</i>, old age, fr. <i>ald</i>, <i>eald</i>, old. See
<u>Old</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Age; esp., old age.</def> [Obs.
or Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>As sooth is said, <i>eelde</i> hath great
avantage.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Great Nature, ever young, yet full of
<i>eld</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Old times; former days; antiquity.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Astrologers and men of <i>eld</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eld</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To age; to grow
old.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Eld</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make old or
ancient.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Time, that <i>eldeth</i> all things.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eld"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>yldra</i>,
compar. of <i>eald</i> old. See <u>Old</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Older; more aged, or existing longer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the <i>elder</i> men among us emulate their own
earlier deeds.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. )</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Born before another; prior in years;
senior; earlier; older; as, his <i>elder</i> brother died in infancy;
-- opposed to <i>younger</i>, and now commonly applied to a son,
daughter, child, brother, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>elder</i> shall serve the younger.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xxv. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But ask of <i>elder</i> days, earth's vernal
hour.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Elder hand</b></col> <i>(Card Playing)</i>, <cd>the hand
playing, or having the right to play, first.</cd>  <i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eld"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ealdor</i> an elder,
prince, fr. <i>eald</i> old. See <u>Old</u>, and cf. <u>Elder</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Alderman</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who is older; a superior in age; a senior.</def>  <i>1 Tim. v.
1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An aged person; one who lived at an
earlier period; a predecessor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Carry your head as your <i>elders</i> have
done.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person who, on account of his age,
occupies the office of ruler or judge; hence, a person occupying any
office appropriate to such as have the experience and dignity which
age confers; as, the <i>elders</i> of Israel; the <i>elders</i> of
the synagogue; the <i>elders</i> in the apostolic church.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the modern Presbyterian churches, <i>elders</i> are lay
officers who, with the minister, compose the church session, with
authority to inspect and regulate matters of religion and discipline.
In some churches, pastors or clergymen are called <i>elders</i>, or
<i>presbyters</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(M. E. Ch.)</i> <def>A clergyman authorized
to administer all the sacraments; as, a traveling
<i>elder</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Presiding elder</b></col> <i>(Meth. Ch.)</i>, <cd>an elder
commissioned by a bishop to have the oversight of the churches and
preachers in a certain district.</cd> -- <col><b>Ruling
elder</b></col>, <cd>a lay presbyter or member of a Presbyterian
church session.</cd>  <i>Schaff.</i></p>

<p><hw>El"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ellern</i>,
<i>eller</i>, AS. <i>ellen</i>, cf. LG. <i>elloorn</i>; perh. akin to
OHG. <i>holantar</i>, <i>holuntar</i>, G. <i>holunder</i>; or perh.
to E. <i>alder</i>, <i>n.</i>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs
(<i>Sambucus</i>) having broad umbels of white flowers, and small
black or red berries.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common North American species is <i>Sambucus
Canadensis</i>; the common European species (<i>S. nigra</i>) forms a
small tree. The red-berried elder is <i>S. pubens</i>. The berries
are diaphoretic and aperient.</p>

<p><col><b>Box elder</b></col>. <cd>See under 1st <u>Box</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dwarf elder</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Danewort</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Elder tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Elder</u>.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Marsh elder</b></col>,
<cd>the cranberry tree <i>Viburnum Opulus</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eld"er*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat old;
elderly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Eld"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat old;
advanced beyond middle age; bordering on old age; as, <i>elderly</i>
people.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"dern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of
elder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He would discharge us as boys do <i>eldern</i>
guns.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eld"er*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being older; seniority.</def> "Paternity an
<i>eldership</i>."  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Office of an elder; collectively, a body
of elders.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"der*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Danewort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eld"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>yldest</i>,
superl. of <i>eald</i> old. See <u>Elder</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Oldest; longest in duration.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Born or living first, or before the
others, as a son, daughter, brother, etc.; first in origin. See
<u>Elder</u>.</def> "My lady's <i>eldest</i> son."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>eldest</i> historians are of suspected
credit.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Eldest hand</b></col> <i>(Card Playing)</i>, <cd>the
player on the dealer's left hand.</cd>  <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>El"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>elding</i>,
fr. <i>elda</i> to kindle, <i>eldr</i> fire; akin to AS.
<i>&aelig;ld</i> fire, <i>&aelig;lan</i> to burn.] <def>Fuel.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>El` Do*ra"do</hw> (?), <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>El
Doradoes</b></plw> (&?;). [Sp., lit., the gilt (sc. land); <i>el</i>
the + <i>dorado</i> gilt, p. p. of <i>dorare</i> to gild.  Cf.
<u>Dorado</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A name given by the Spaniards
in the 16th century to an imaginary country in the interior of South
America, reputed to abound in gold and precious stones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any region of fabulous wealth; exceeding
richness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole comedy is a sort of <i>El Dorado</i> of
wit.</blockquote> <i>T. Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>El"dritch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hideous;
ghastly; as, an <i>eldritch</i> shriek or laugh.</def> [Local,
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>E`le*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eleaticus</i>, from <i>Elea</i> (or <i>Velia</i>) in Italy.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a certain school of Greek philosophers who
taught that the only certain science is that which owes nothing to
the senses, and all to the reason.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A philosopher of the Eleatic school.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`le*at"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Eleatic
doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`e*cam*pane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;nulecampane</i>, NL. <i>inula campana</i>; L. <i>inula</i>
elecampane + LL. <i>campana</i> a bell; cf. G. <i>glockenwurz</i>, i.
e., "bellwort."] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large,
coarse herb (<i>Inula Helenium</i>), with composite yellow flowers.
The root, which has a pungent taste, is used as a tonic, and was
formerly of much repute as a stomachic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sweetmeat made from the root of the
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>electus</i>, p.
p. of <i>eligere</i> to elect; <i>e</i> out + <i>legere</i> to
choose. See <u>Legend</u>, and cf. <u>Elite</u>, <u>Eclectic</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Chosen; taken by preference from among two or
more.</def> "Colors quaint <i>elect</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Chosen as the object of
mercy or divine favor; set apart to eternal life.</def> "The
<i>elect</i> angels."  <i>1 Tim. v. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Chosen to an office, but not yet actually
inducted into it; as, bishop <i>elect</i>; governor or mayor
<i>elect</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lect"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
chosen or set apart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine <i>elect</i>,
in whom my soul delighteth.</blockquote> <i>Is. xlii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Those who are
chosen for salvation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall not God avenge his won
<i>elect</i>?</blockquote> <i>Luke xviii. 7.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Elected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Electing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pick out; to select; to
choose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The deputy <i>elected</i> by the Lord.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To select or take for an office; to select
by vote; as, to <i>elect</i> a representative, a president, or a
governor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>To designate, choose, or
select, as an object of mercy or favor.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To choose; prefer; select. See <u>Choose</u>.</p>

<p><hw>E*lect"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>electans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>electare</i>.] <def>One who has the power of choosing;
an elector.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*lec"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Electuary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Eclectic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Eclecticism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;lection</i>, L. <i>electio</i>, fr. <i>eligere</i> to
choose out. See <u>Elect</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of choosing; choice;
selection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of choosing a person to fill an
office, or to membership in a society, as by ballot, uplifted hands,
or <i>viva voce</i>; as, the <i>election</i> of a president or a
mayor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Corruption in <i>elections</i> is the great enemy of
freedom.</blockquote> <i>J. Adams.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Power of choosing; free will; liberty to
choose or act.</def> "By his own <i>election</i> led to ill."
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Discriminating choice; discernment.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To use men with much difference and <i>election</i> is
good.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Divine choice;
predestination of individuals as objects of mercy and salvation; --
one of the "five points" of Calvinism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a remnant according to the <i>election</i> of
grace.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xi. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The choice, made by a party,
of two alternatives, by taking one of which, the chooser is excluded
from the other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Those who are elected.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>election</i> hath obtained it.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. xi. 7.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To contest an election</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Contest</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To make one's election</b></col>,
<cd>to choose.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>has made his election</i> to walk, in the main,
in the old paths.</blockquote> <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tion*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Electionered</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Electioneering</u>.] <def>To make interest
for a candidate at an election; to use arts for securing the election
of a candidate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A master of the whole art of
<i>electioneering</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tion*eer"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
electioneers.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lectif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exerting the power of
choice; selecting; as, an <i>elective</i> act.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or consisting in, choice,
or right of choosing; electoral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The independent use of their <i>elective</i>
franchise.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dependent on choice; bestowed or passing
by election; as, an <i>elective</i> study; an <i>elective</i>
office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kings of Rome were at first <i>elective</i>; . . . for
such are the conditions of an <i>elective</i> kingdom.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Elective affinity</b></col> or
<col><b>attraction</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a tendency to unite
with certain things; chemism.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*lect"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In an American
college, an optional study or course of study.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>E*lect"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an elective
manner; by choice.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>eligere</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;lecteur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who elects, or has the right of choice; a person who is
entitled to take part in an election, or to give his vote in favor of
a candidate for office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, specifically, in any country, a
person legally qualified to vote.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In the old German empire, one of the
princes entitled to choose the emperor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the persons chosen, by vote of the
people in the United States, to elect the President and Vice
President.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lectoral</i>.] <def>Pertaining to an election or to
electors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In favor of the <i>electoral</i> and other
princes.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Electoral college</b></col>, <cd>the body of princes
formerly entitled to elect the Emperor of Germany; also, a name
sometimes given, in the United States, to the body of electors chosen
by the people to elect the President and Vice President.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*lect`or*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
territory or dignity of an elector; electorate.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 477 !></p>

<p><hw>E*lect"or*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lectorat</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The territory,
jurisdiction, or dignity of an elector, as in the old German
empire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole body of persons in a nation or
state who are entitled to vote in an election, or any distinct class
or division of them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The middle-class <i>electorate</i> of Great
Britain.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lect"or*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fem. of
<u>Elector</u>.] <def>An electress.</def>  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Electoral.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lect"or*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or status of an elector.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*lec"tre</hw>, <hw>E*lec"ter</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>electrum</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lectre</i> mixture of gold and silver. See
<u>Electrum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Amber. See
<u>Electrum</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A metallic substance compounded of gold
and silver; an alloy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*trep"e*ter</hw>
(&esl;`l&ebreve;k*tr&ebreve;p"&esl;*t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Elec</i>tro + Gr. <grk>tre`pein</grk> to turn.] <def>An
instrument used to change the direction of electric currents; a
commutator.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*lect"ress</hw> (&esl;*l&ebreve;k"tr&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;lectrice</i>.  Cf.
<u>Electoress</u>.] <def>The wife or widow of an elector in the old
German empire.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*lec"tric</hw> (&esl;*l&ebreve;k"tr&ibreve;k),
<hw>E*lec"tric*al</hw> (-tr&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>electrum</i> amber, a mixed metal, Gr.
<grk>'h`lektron</grk>; akin to <grk>'hle`ktwr</grk> the beaming sun,
cf. Skr. <i>arc</i> to beam, shine: cf. F. <i>&eacute;lectrique</i>.
The name came from the production of electricity by the friction of
amber.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to electricity; consisting
of, containing, derived from, or produced by, electricity; as,
<i>electric</i> power or virtue; an <i>electric</i> jar;
<i>electric</i> effects; an <i>electric</i> spark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of occasioning the phenomena of
electricity; as, an <i>electric</i> or <i>electrical</i> machine or
substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Electrifying; thrilling; magnetic.</def>
"<i>Electric</i> Pindar."  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Electric atmosphere</b></col>, or <col><b>Electric
aura</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Aura</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Electrical
battery</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Battery</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Electrical
brush</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Brush</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric
cable</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Telegraph cable</i>, under
<u>Telegraph</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric candle</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Candle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric cat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of three or more large species of
African catfish of the genus <i>Malapterurus</i> (esp. <i>M.
electricus</i> of the Nile). They have a large electrical organ and
are able to give powerful shocks; -- called also
<i>sheathfish</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric clock</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Clock</u>, and see <u>Electro-chronograph</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Electric current</b></col>, <cd>a current or stream of
electricity traversing a closed circuit formed of conducting
substances, or passing by means of conductors from one body to
another which is in a different electrical state.</cd> --
<col><b>Electric, or Electrical</b></col>, <col><b>eel</b></col>,
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South American eel-like fresh-water fish
of the genus <i>Gymnotus</i> (<i>G. electricus</i>), from two to five
feet in length, capable of giving a violent electric shock. See
<u>Gymnotus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Electrical fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any fish which has an electrical organ by
means of which it can give an electrical shock. The best known kinds
are the torpedo, the gymnotus, or electrical eel, and the electric
cat. See <u>Torpedo</u>, and <u>Gymnotus</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Electric fluid</b></col>, <cd>the supposed matter of
electricity; lightning.</cd> -- <col><b>Electrical image</b></col>
<i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a collection of electrical points regarded as
forming, by an analogy with optical phenomena, an image of certain
other electrical points, and used in the solution of electrical
problems.</cd> <i>Sir W. Thomson.</i> -- <col><b>Electrical
light</b></col>, <cd>the light produced by a current of electricity
which in passing through a resisting medium heats it to incandescence
or burns it. See under <u>Carbon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric, or
Electrical</b></col>, <col><b>machine</b></col>, <cd>an apparatus for
generating, collecting, or exciting, electricity, as by
friction.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric motor</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Electro-motor</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric osmose</b></col>.
<i>(Physics)</i> <cd>See under <u>Osmose</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Electric pen</b></col>, <cd>a hand pen for making perforated
stencils for multiplying writings. It has a puncturing needle driven
at great speed by a very small magneto-electric engine on the
penhandle.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric railway</b></col>, <cd>a railway
in which the machinery for moving the cars is driven by an electric
current.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric ray</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the torpedo.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric telegraph</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Telegraph</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>A nonconductor of electricity, as amber, glass, resin, etc.,
employed to excite or accumulate electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tric*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of electricity, or by means of it; thrillingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tric*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being electrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*tri"cian</hw>
(&emacr;`l&ebreve;k*tr&ibreve;sh"<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An investigator of electricity; one versed in the science of
electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*tric"i*ty</hw> (-tr&ibreve;s"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Electricities</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z). [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;lectricit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Electric</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A power in nature, a
manifestation of energy, exhibiting itself when in disturbed
equilibrium or in activity by a circuit movement, the fact of
direction in which involves <i>polarity</i>, or opposition of
properties in opposite directions; also, by attraction for many
substances, by a law involving <i>attraction</i> between surfaces of
unlike polarity, and <i>repulsion</i> between those of like; by
exhibiting accumulated polar tension when the circuit is broken; and
by producing heat, light, concussion, and often chemical changes when
the circuit passes between the poles or through any imperfectly
conducting substance or space. It is generally brought into action by
any disturbance of molecular equilibrium, whether from a chemical,
physical, or mechanical, cause.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p>&fist; Electricity is manifested under following different forms:
(<i>a</i>) <col><b>Statical electricity</b></col>, called also
<col><b>Frictional or Common</b></col>,
<col><b>electricity</b></col>, electricity in the condition of a
stationary charge, which may be produced by friction, as of glass,
amber, etc., or by induction. (<i>b</i>) <col><b>Dynamical
electricity</b></col>, called also <col><b>Voltaic
electricity</b></col>, electricity in motion, or as a current
produced by chemical decomposition, as by means of a voltaic battery,
or by mechanical action, as by dynamo-electric machines. (<i>c</i>)
<col><b>Thermoelectricity</b></col>, in which the disturbing cause is
heat (attended possibly with some chemical action). It is developed
by uniting two pieces of unlike metals in a bar, and then heating the
bar unequally. (<i>d</i>) <col><b>Atmospheric electricity</b></col>,
any condition of electrical disturbance in the atmosphere or clouds,
due to some or all of the above mentioned causes. (<i>e</i>)
<col><b>Magnetic electricity</b></col>, electricity developed by the
action of magnets. (<i>f</i>)  <col><b>Positive
electricity</b></col>, the electricity that appears at the positive
pole or anode of a battery, or that is produced by friction of glass;
-- called also <i>vitreous electricity</i>.  (<i>g</i>)
<col><b>Negative electricity</b></col>, the electricity that appears
at the negative pole or cathode, or is produced by the friction of
resinous substance; -- called also <i>resinous electricity</i>.
(<i>h</i>) <col><b>Organic electricity</b></col>, that which is
developed in organic structures, either animal or vegetable, the
phrase <i>animal electricity</i> being much more common.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The science which unfolds the phenomena
and laws of electricity; electrical science.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Electrifying energy or
characteristic.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tri*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of receiving electricity, or of being charged with it.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>The act of electrifying, or the state of being
charged with electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Electrified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Electrifying</u>.] [<i>Electr</i>ic + <i>-fy</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To communicate electricity to; to charge with
electricity; as, to <i>electrify</i> a jar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause electricity to pass through; to
affect by electricity; to give an electric shock to; as, to
<i>electrify</i> a limb, or the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To excite suddenly and violently, esp. by
something highly delightful or inspiriting; to thrill; as, this
patriotic sentiment <i>electrified</i> the audience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the sovereign were now to immure a subject in
defiance of the writ of habeas corpus . . . the whole nation would be
instantly <i>electrified</i> by the news.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Try whether she could <i>electrify</i> Mr. Grandcourt
by mentioning it to him at table.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tri*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
electric.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"trine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>electrinus</i> of amber. See <u>Electric</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to, or made of, amber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made of electrum, an alloy used by the
ancients.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*tri"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The recognition by an animal body of the
electrical condition of external objects.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tri*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lectrisation</i>.] <def>The act of electrizing;
electrification.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"trize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Electrized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Electrizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lectriser</i>.] <def>To electricity.</def>  <i>Eng.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tri`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, electrizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro-</hw> (?). [L. <i>electrum</i> amber. See
<u>Electric</u>.] <def>A prefix or combining form signifying
<i>pertaining to electricity</i>, <i>produced by electricity</i>,
<i>producing</i> or <i>employing electricity</i>, etc.; as,
<i>electro</i>-negative; <i>electro</i>-dynamic; <i>electro</i>-
magnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
electrotype.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-bal*lis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to electro-ballistics.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-bal*lis"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
art or science of measuring the force or velocity of projectiles by
means of electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-bi*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One versed in electro-biology.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-bi*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That branch of biology which
treats of the electrical phenomena of living organisms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That phase of mesmerism or animal
magnetism, the phenomena of which are supposed to be produced by a
form of electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-bi*os"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Electro-</i> + Gr. &?; life + <i>-scopy</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>A method of determining the presence or absence of life in an
animal organism with a current of electricity, by noting the presence
or absence of muscular contraction.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-cap`il*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>The occurrence or production of certain
capillary effects by the action of an electrical current or
charge.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-cap"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Pert. to, or caused by, electro-
capillarity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-chem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to electro-chemistry.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-chem"is*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
branch of science which treats of the relation of electricity to
chemical changes.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-chron"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Astron. Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for obtaining an accurate
record of the time at which any observed phenomenon occurs, or of its
duration. It has an electro-magnetic register connected with a clock.
See <u>Chronograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-chron`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Belonging to the electro-chronograph, or recorded by the aid of
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*cute`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Electro-
</i> + <i>cute</i> in <i>execute</i>.] <def>To execute or put to
death by electricity. -- <wf>E*lec`tro*cu"tion</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Recent</i>; <i>Newspaper
words</i>]</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"trode</hw> (&esl;*l&ebreve;k"tr&omacr;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Electro-</i> + Gr. <grk>"odo`s</grk> way,
path: cf. F. <i>&eacute;lectrode</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The path
by which electricity is conveyed into or from a solution or other
conducting medium; esp., the ends of the wires or conductors, leading
from source of electricity, and terminating in the medium traversed
by the current.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ic</hw> (?), <hw>E*lec`tro-
dy*nam"ic*al</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the movements or force of electric or galvanic
currents; dependent on electric force.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The phenomena of electricity in
motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The branch of science which treats of the
properties of electric currents; dynamical electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-dy`na*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An instrument for measuring the strength of electro-dynamic
currents.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-en*grav"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
art or process of engraving by means of electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-etch"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mode
of etching upon metals by electrolytic action.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Electro-</i> + <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Electrogeny</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to electrogenesis; as, an
<i>electrogenic</i> condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*trog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Electro-
</i> + Gr. &?; to produce.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A term sometimes
applied to the effects (tetanus) produced in the muscles of the
limbs, when a current of electricity is passed along the spinal cord
or nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-gild"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art
or process of gilding copper, iron, etc., by means of voltaic
electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro-gilt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gilded by
means of voltaic electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Electro-
</i> + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>A mark, record, or tracing, made by the
action of electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-ki*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to electro-kinetics.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-ki*net"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
branch of electrical science which treats of electricity in
motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro*lier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed from
<i>electric</i> in imitation of <i>chandelier</i>.] <def>A branching
frame, often of ornamental design, to support electric illuminating
lamps.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*trol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Electro-
</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of physical science which
treats of the phenomena of electricity and its properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*trol"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Electro-
</i> + Gr. &?; a loosing, dissolving, fr. &?; to loose, dissolve.]
<i>(Physics &amp; Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of chemical
decomposition, by the action of electricity; as, the
<i>electrolysis</i> of silver or nickel for plating; the
<i>electrolysis</i> of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*lyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Electro-</i>
+ Gr. &?; a dissoluble: cf. F. <i>&eacute;lectrolyte</i>.]
<i>(Physics &amp; Chem.)</i> <def>A compound decomposable, or subjected
to decomposition, by an electric current.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*lec`tro*lyt"ic</hw> (?), <hw>E*lec`tro*lyt"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;lectrolytique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to electrolysis; as, <i>electrolytic</i>
action.</def> -- <wf>E*lec`tro*lyt"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*ly`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being electrolyzed, or decomposed by
electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro*ly*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act or the process of electrolyzing.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*lyze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Electrolyzed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Electrolyzing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lectrolyser</i>. See <u>Electrolysis</u>.] <def>To
decompose by the direct action of electricity.</def>
<i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-mag"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mass,
usually of soft iron, but sometimes of some other magnetic metal, as
nickel or cobalt, rendered temporarily magnetic by being placed
within a coil of wire through which a current of electricity is
passing. The metal is generally in the form of a bar, either
straight, or bent into the shape of a horseshoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-mag*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
Pertaining to, or produced by, magnetism which is developed by the
passage of an electric current.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Electro-magnetic engine</b></col>, <cd>an engine in which
the motive force is electro-magnetism.</cd> -- <col><b>Electro-
magnetic theory of light</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a theory of
light which makes it consist in the rapid alternation of transient
electric currents moving transversely to the direction of the
ray.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-mag"net*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
magnetism developed by a current of electricity; the science which
treats of the development of magnetism by means of voltaic
electricity, and of the properties or actions of the currents
evolved.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-met"al*lur`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act or art precipitating a metal electro-chemical action, by
which a coating is deposited, on a prepared surface, as in
electroplating and electrotyping; galvanoplasty.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*trom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Electro-
</i> + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;lectrom&egrave;tre</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring the quantity or
intensity of electricity; also, sometimes, and less properly, applied
to an instrument which indicates the presence of electricity (usually
called an <i>electroscope</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Balance electrometer</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Balance</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*lec`tro-met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>E*lec`tro-met"ric*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lectrom&eacute;trique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to
electrometry; made by means of an electrometer; as, an
<i>electrometrical</i> experiment.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*trom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lectrom&eacute;trie</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The art or
process of making electrical measurements.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-mo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
motion of electricity or its passage from one metal to another in a
voltaic circuit; mechanical action produced by means of
electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-mo"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Producing electro-motion; producing, or tending to produce,
electricity or an electric current; causing electrical action or
effects.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Electro-motive force</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the
force which produces, or tends to produce, electricity, or an
electric current; sometimes used to express the degree of
electrification as equivalent to potential, or more properly
difference of potential.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro*mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lectromoteur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>A mover or exciter of electricity; as apparatus for generating a
current of electricity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>An apparatus or machine for
producing motion and mechanical effects by the action of electricity;
an electro-magnetic engine.</def></p>

<p><! p. 478 !></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-mus"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Pertaining the reaction (contraction) of the
muscles under electricity, or their sensibility to it.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'h`lektron</grk>. See <u>Electric</u>.] <def>Amber; also, the
alloy of gold and silver, called <i>electrum</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-neg"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.
& Physics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having the property of being
attracted by an electro-positive body, or a tendency to pass to the
positive pole in electrolysis, by the law that opposite electricities
attract each other.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Negative;
nonmetallic; acid; -- opposed to <i>positive</i>, <i>metallic</i>, or
<i>basic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-neg"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem. &
Physics)</i> <def>A body which passes to the positive pole in
electrolysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*trop"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Electro-
</i> + Gr. <grk>pa`qos</grk> suffering.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
treatment of disease by electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Electro-
</i> + Gr. <grk>fwnh`</grk> sound.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
instrument for producing sound by means of electric
currents.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*lec`troph"o*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>||Electrophori</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. combining form
<i>electro-</i> + Gr. <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>An instrument for exciting electricity, and repeating the charge
indefinitely by induction, consisting of a flat cake of resin,
shellac, or ebonite, upon which is placed a plate of metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-phys`i*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to electrical results produced
through physiological agencies, or by change of action in a living
organism.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-phys`i*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>That branch of physiology which treats of
electric phenomena produced through physiological agencies.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*plate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Electroplating</u>.]
<i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To plate or cover with a coating of metal,
usually silver, nickel, or gold, by means of electrolysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*pla`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
electroplates.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*pla`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art
or process of depositing a coating (commonly) of silver, gold, or
nickel on an inferior metal, by means of electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-po"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Possessing electrical polarity; positively
electrified at one end, or on one surface, and negatively at the
other; -- said of a conductor.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-pos"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Of such a nature relatively
to some other associated body or bodies, as to tend to the negative
pole of a voltaic battery, in electrolysis, while the associated body
tends to the positive pole; -- the converse or correlative of
<i>electro-negative</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An element that is <i>electro-positive</i> in one compound
may be <i>electro-negative</i> in another, and <i>vice versa</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Hence: Positive; metallic;
basic; -- distinguished from <i>negative</i>, <i>nonmetallic</i>, or
<i>acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-pos"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem. &
Physics)</i> <def>A body which passes to the negative pole in
electrolysis.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*lec`tro-punc`tu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <hw>E*lec`tro-
punc`tur*ing</hw> (?; 135) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Electropuncture</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-punc`ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An operation that consists in inserting needless
in the part affected, and connecting them with the poles of a
galvanic apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Electro-
</i> + <i>-scope</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;lectroscope</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for detecting the presence of
electricity, or changes in the electric state of bodies, or the
species of electricity present, as by means of pith balls, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Condensing electroscope</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a
form of electroscope in which an increase of sensibility is obtained
by the use of a condenser.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to, or made by means of, the electroscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro*stat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to electrostatics.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro*stat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>That branch of science which treats of statical
electricity or electric force in a state of rest.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-ste"re*o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Electrotype</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-tel`e*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to the electric telegraph, or by means of
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-te*leg"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The art or science of constructing or using the electric
telegraph; the transmission of messages by means of the electric
telegraph.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-ther`a*peu"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The branch of medical science which treats of the
applications agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-ther"man*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
branch of electrical science which treats of the effect of an
electric current upon the temperature of a conductor, or a part of a
circuit composed of two different metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro-tint`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fine
Arts)</i> <def>A style   of engraving in relief by means of voltaic
electricity. A picture is drawn on a metallic plate with some
material which resists the fluids of a battery; so that, in electro-
typing, the parts not covered by the varnish, etc., receive a
deposition of metal, and produce the required copy in intaglio. A
cast of this is then the plate for printing.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
electrical tension; -- said of a supposed peculiar condition of a
conducting circuit during its exposure to the action of another
conducting circuit traversed by a uniform electric current when both
circuits remain stationary.</def>  <i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Relating to
electrotonus; as, the <i>electrotonic</i> condition of a
nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*trot"o*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To cause or produce electrotonus.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*trot"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Electrotonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E`lec*trot"o*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
combining form <i>electro-</i> + Gr. &?; tension.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The modified condition of a nerve, when a constant current of
electricity passes through any part of it. See <u>Anelectrotonus</u>,
and <u>Catelectrotonus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Electro-</i>
+ <i>-type</i>.] <def>A facsimile plate made by electrotypy for use
in printing; also, an impression or print from such plate. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The face of an <i>electrotype</i> consists of a shell of
copper, silver, or the like, produced by the action of an electrical
current upon a plate of metal and a wax mold suspended in an acid
bath and connected with opposite poles of the battery. It is backed
up with a solid filling of type metal.</p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*type</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Electrotyped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Electrotyping</u> (?).] <def>To make facsimile plates
of by the electrotype process; as, to <i>electrotype</i> a page of
type, a book, etc. See <u>Electrotype</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*ty`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
electrotypes.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro*typ"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or effected by means of, electrotypy.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*ty`ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or the process of making electrotypes.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*ty`py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
process of producing electrotype plates. See Note under
<u>Electrotype</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-vi"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Derived
from, or dependent upon, vital processes; -- said of certain electric
currents supposed by some physiologists to circulate in the nerves of
animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro-vi"tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The theory that the functions of living
organisms are dependent upon electricity or a kindred
force.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.
See <u>Electric</u>, and cf. <u>Electre</u>, <u>Electron</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Amber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An alloy of gold and silver, of an amber
color, used by the ancients.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>German-silver plate. See <i>German
silver</i>, under <u>German</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tu*a*ry</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Electuaries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>letuaire</i>, OF.
<i>lettuaire</i>, <i>electuaire</i>, F. <i>&eacute;lectuaire</i>, L.
<i>electuarium</i>, <i>electarium</i>. prob. fr. Gr. &?;, &?; a
medicine that is licked away, fr. Gr. &?; to lick up; <grk>'ek</grk>
out + &?; to lick. See <u>Lick</u>, and cf. <u>Eclegm</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine composed of powders, or other
ingredients, incorporated with some convserve, honey, or sirup; a
confection. See the note under <u>Confection</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`ee*mos"y*na*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
an eleemosynary manner; by charity; charitably.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`ee*mos"y*na*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>eleemosynarius</i>, fr. <i>eleemosyna</i> alms, Gr. &?; alms. See
<u>Alms</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to charity, alms, or
almsgiving; intended for the distribution of charity; as, an
<i>eleemosynary</i> corporation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given in charity or alms; having the
nature of alms; as, <i>eleemosynary</i> assistance.</def>
"<i>Eleemosynary</i> cures."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Supported by charity; as,
<i>eleemosynary</i> poor.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`ee*mos"y*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Eleemosynaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who subsists on
charity; a dependent.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>El"e*gance</hw> (?), <hw>El"e*gan*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>elegantia</i>, fr. <i>elegans</i>, <i>-
antis</i>, elegant: cf. F. <i>&eacute;l&eacute;gance</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being elegant; beauty
as resulting from choice qualities and the complete absence of what
deforms or impresses unpleasantly; grace given by art or practice;
fine polish; refinement; -- said of manners, language, style, form,
architecture, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That grace that <i>elegance</i> affords.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The endearing <i>elegance</i> of female
friendship.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A trait of native <i>elegance</i>, seldom seen in the
masculine character after childhood or early youth, was shown in the
General's fondness for the sight and fragrance of
flowers.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is elegant; that which is
tasteful and highly attractive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The beautiful wildness of nature, without the nicer
<i>elegancies</i> of art.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Elegance</u>, <u>Grace</u>. <i>Elegance</i>
implies something of a select style of beauty, which is usually
produced by art, skill, or training; as, <i>elegance</i> of manners,
composition, handwriting, etc.; <i>elegant</i> furniture; an
<i>elegant</i> house, etc.  <i>Grace</i>, as the word is here used,
refers to bodily movements, and is a lower order of beauty. It may be
a natural gift; thus, the manners of a peasant girl may be
<i>graceful</i>, but can hardly be called <i>elegant</i>.</p>

<p><hw>El"e*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>elegans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>; akin to <i>eligere</i> to pick out, choose, select:
cf. F. <i>&eacute;l&eacute;gant</i>. See <u>Elect</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very choice, and hence, pleasing to good
taste; characterized by grace, propriety, and refinement, and the
absence of every thing offensive; exciting admiration and approbation
by symmetry, completeness, freedom from blemish, and the like;
graceful; tasteful and highly attractive; as, <i>elegant</i> manners;
<i>elegant</i> style of composition; an <i>elegant</i> speaker; an
<i>elegant</i> structure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A more diligent cultivation of <i>elegant</i>
literature.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exercising a nice choice; discriminating
beauty or sensitive to beauty; as, <i>elegant</i> taste.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tasteful; polished; graceful; refined; comely;
handsome; richly ornamental.</p>

<p><hw>El"e*gant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner to
please nice taste; with elegance; with due symmetry;
richly.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*le"gi*ac</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elegiacus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>&eacute;l&eacute;giaque</i>. See
<u>Elegy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to elegy, or written
in elegiacs; plaintive; expressing sorrow or lamentation; as, an
<i>elegiac</i> lay; <i>elegiac</i> strains.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Elegiac</i> griefs, and songs of love.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Used in elegies; as, <i>elegiac</i> verse;
the <i>elegiac</i> distich or couplet, consisting of a dactylic
hexameter and pentameter.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*le"gi*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Elegiac
verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`e*gi"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Elegiac.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*le"gi*ast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
composes elegies.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>El`e*gi*og"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an
elegy + <i>-graph + -er</i>.] <def>An elegist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>El"e*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A write of
elegies.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||E*le"git</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., he has chosen,
fr. <i>eligere</i> to choose. See <u>Elect</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
judicial writ of execution, by which a defendant's goods are
appraised and delivered to the plaintiff, and, if not sufficient to
satisfy the debt, all of his lands are delivered, to be held till the
debt is paid by the rents and profits, or until the defendant's
interest has expired.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"e*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lament in
an elegy; to celebrate in elegiac verse; to bewail.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>El"e*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Elegies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>elegia</i>, Gr. &?;, fem. sing.
(cf. &?;, prop., neut. pl. of &?; a distich in elegiac verse), fr.
&?; elegiac, fr. &?; a song of mourning.] <def>A mournful or
plaintive poem; a funereal song; a poem of lamentation.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*le"i*din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Lifeless matter deposited in the form of minute granules within
the protoplasm of living cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"e*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;l&eacute;ment</i>, L. <i>elementum</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the simplest or essential parts or
principles of which anything consists, or upon which the constitution
or fundamental powers of anything are based.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the ultimate, undecomposable
constituents of any kind of matter. Specifically: <i>(Chem.)</i> A
substance which cannot be decomposed into different kinds of matter
by any means at present employed; as, the <i>elements</i> of water
are oxygen and hydrogen.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The elements are naturally classified in several families
or groups, as the group of the <i>alkaline</i> elements, the
<i>halogen</i> group, and the like. They are roughly divided into two
great classes, the <i>metals</i>, as sodium, calcium, etc., which
form basic compounds, and the <i>nonmetals</i> or <i>metalloids</i>,
as oxygen, sulphur, chlorine, which form acid compounds; but the
distinction is only relative, and some, as arsenic, tin, aluminium,
etc., form both acid and basic compounds. The essential fact
regarding every element is its relative <i>atomic weight</i> or
<i>equivalent</i>. When the elements are tabulated in the order of
their ascending atomic weights, the arrangement constitutes the
series of the <i>Periodic law</i> of Mendelejeff. See <i>Periodic
law</i>, under <u>Periodic</u>. This Periodic law enables us to
predict the qualities of unknown elements. The number of elements
known is about seventy-five, but the gaps in the Periodic law
indicate the possibility of many more. Many of the elements with
which we are familiar, as hydrogen, carbon, iron, gold, etc., have
been recognized, by means of spectrum analysis, in the sun and the
fixed stars. From certain evidence (as that afforded by the Periodic
law, spectrum analysis, etc.) it appears that the chemical elements
probably may not be simple bodies, but only very stable compounds of
some simpler body or bodies. In formulas, the elements are designated
by abbreviations of their names in Latin or New Latin.</p>

<p><table><ttitle>The Elements</ttitle><BR>
------------------------------------------------------------<BR>
Name                 |Sym-|Atomic Weight|<BR>
                     |bol | O=16  | H=1 |<BR>
------------------------------------------------------------<BR>
Aluminum | Al | 27.1  | 26.9|<BR>
Antimony(Stibium)<BR>
Argon<BR>
Arsenic<BR>
Barium<BR>
Beryllium (see Glucinum)<BR>
Bismuth<BR>
Boron<BR>
Bromine<BR>
Cadmium<BR>
Caesium<BR>
Calcium<BR>
Carbon<BR>
Cerium<BR>
Chlorine<BR>
Chromium<BR>
Cobalt<BR>
Columbium<BR>
Copper (<i>Cuprum</i>)<BR>
Erbium<BR>
Fluorine<BR>
Gadolinium<BR>
Gallium<BR>
Germanium<BR>
Glucinum <BR>
Gold<BR>
Helium<BR>
Hydrogen<BR>
Indium<BR>
Iodine<BR>
Iridium<BR>
Iron (<i>Ferrum</i>)<BR>
Krypton<BR>
Lanthanum<BR>
Lead (<i>Plumbum</i>)<BR>
Lithium<BR>
Magnesium<BR>
Manganese<BR>
Mercury (<i>Hydrargyrum</i>)<BR>
Molybdenum<BR>
Neodymium<BR>
Neon<BR>
Nickel<BR>
Niobium (see Columbium)<BR>
Nirogen<BR>
Osmium<BR>
Oxygen<BR>
Palladium<BR>
Phosphorus<BR>
Platinum<BR>
Potassium (<i>Kalium</i>)<BR>
Praseodymium<BR>
Rhodium<BR>
Rubidium<BR>
Ruthenium<BR>
</table></p>

<p><! p. 479 !></p>

<p><table>-----------------------------------------------------------
<BR>
The Elements -- continued<BR>
------------------------------------------------------------<BR>
Name<BR>
Samarium<BR>
Scandium<BR>
Selenium<BR>
Silicon<BR>
Silver (<i>Argentum</i>)<BR>
Sodium (<i>Natrium</i>)<BR>
Strontium<BR>
Sulphur<BR>
Tantalum<BR>
Tellurium<BR>
Thallium<BR>
Thorium<BR>
Thulium<BR>
Tin (<i>Stannum</i>)<BR>
Titanium<BR>
Tungsten (<i>Wolfram</i>ium)<BR>
Uranium<BR>
Vanadium<BR>
Wolfranium (see <u>Tungsten</u>)<BR>
Xenon<BR>
Ytterbium<BR>
Yttrium<BR>
Zinc<BR>
Zirconium<BR>
------------------------------------------------------------<BR>
</table></p>

<p>Several other elements have been announced, as holmium, vesbium,
austrium, etc., but their properties, and in some cases their
existence, have not yet been definitely established.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the ultimate parts which are
variously combined in anything; as, letters are the <i>elements</i>
of written language; hence, also, a simple portion of that which is
complex, as a shaft, lever, wheel, or any simple part in a machine;
one of the essential ingredients of any mixture; a constituent part;
as, quartz, feldspar, and mica are the <i>elements</i> of
granite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The simplicity which is so large an <i>element</i> in
a noble nature was laughed to scorn.</blockquote> <i>Jowett
(Thucyd.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One out of several
parts combined in a system of aggregation, when each is of the nature
of the whole; as, a single cell is an <i>element</i> of the
honeycomb.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the
smallest natural divisions of the organism, as a blood corpuscle, a
muscular fiber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the simplest
essential parts, more commonly called <i>cells</i>, of which animal
and vegetable organisms, or their tissues and organs, are
composed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
infinitesimal part of anything of the same nature as the entire
magnitude considered; as, in a solid an <i>element</i> may be the
infinitesimal portion between any two planes that are separated an
indefinitely small distance. In the calculus, <i>element</i> is
sometimes used as synonymous with <i>differential</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sometimes a curve, or surface, or volume is
considered as described by a moving point, or curve, or surface, the
latter being at any instant called an <i>element</i> of the
former.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the terms in an
algebraic expression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>One of the necessary data or values upon
which a system of calculations depends, or general conclusions are
based; as, the <i>elements</i> of a planet's orbit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The simplest or fundamental
principles of any system in philosophy, science, or art; rudiments;
as, the <i>elements</i> of geometry, or of music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Any outline or sketch, regarded
as containing the fundamental ideas or features of the thing in
question; as, the <i>elements</i> of a plan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>One of the simple substances, as supposed
by the ancient philosophers; one of the imaginary principles of
matter.</def> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The four <i>elements</i> were,
air, earth, water, and fire</def>; whence it is said, water is the
proper <i>element</i> of fishes; air is the <i>element</i> of birds.
Hence, the state or sphere natural to anything or suited for its
existence.</p>

<p><blockquote>Of <i>elements</i><BR>
The grosser feeds the purer: Earth the Sea;<BR>
Earth and the Sea feed Air; the Air those Fires<BR>
Ethereal.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Does not our life consist of the four
<i>elements</i>?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the complexion of the <i>element</i> [<i>i.
e.</i>,the sky or air]<BR>
In favor's like the work we have in hand,<BR>
Most bloody, fiery, and most terrible.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>About twelve ounces [of food], with mere
<i>element</i> for drink.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They show that they are out of their
<i>element</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Baker.</i></p>

<p>Esp., <def>the conditions and movements of the air.</def> "The
<i>elements</i> be kind to thee." <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
<i>elements</i> of the alchemists were salt, sulphur, and
mercury.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The whole material composing
the world.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>elements</i> shall melt with fervent
heat.</blockquote> <i>2 Peter iii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The bread and
wine used in the eucharist or Lord's supper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magnetic element</b></col>, <cd>one of the hypothetical
elementary portions of which a magnet is regarded as made
up.</cd></p>

<p><hw>El"e*ment</hw> (&ebreve;l"&esl;*m&ebreve;nt), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To compound of elements or first
principles.</def> [Obs.] "[Love] being <i>elemented</i> too."
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To constitute; to make up with
elements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His very soul was <i>elemented</i> of nothing but
sadness.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>El`e*men"tal</hw> (&ebreve;l`&esl;*m&ebreve;n"t<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the
elements, first principles, and primary ingredients, or to the four
supposed elements of the material world; as, <i>elemental</i>
air.</def> "<i>Elemental</i> strife."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to rudiments or first
principles; rudimentary; elementary.</def> "The <i>elemental</i>
rules of erudition."  <i>Cawthorn.</i></p>

<p><hw>El`e*men"tal*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>The theory that the heathen divinities originated in the
personification of elemental powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`le*men*tal"i*ty</hw> (-
m&ebreve;n*t&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The condition of being composed of elements, or a thing so
composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`e*men"tal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>According to elements; literally; as, the words, "Take, eat;
this is my body," <i>elementally</i> understood.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`e*men"tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Elementary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>El`e*men"ta*ri*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being elementary; original simplicity; uncompounded
state.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`e*men*tar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Elementariness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>El`e*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elementarius</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;l&eacute;mentaire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having only one principle or constituent
part; consisting of a single element; simple; uncompounded; as, an
<i>elementary</i> substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or treating of, the
elements, rudiments, or first principles of anything; initial;
rudimental; introductory; as, an <i>elementary</i>
treatise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to one of the four elements,
air, water, earth, fire.</def> "Some luminous and fiery impressions
in the <i>elementary</i> region."  <i>J. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>El`e*men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Instruction in the elements or first principles.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>El"e*men*toid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Element</i>
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling an element.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"e*mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lemi</i>, It. <i>elemi</i>, Sp. <i>elemi</i>; of American
or Oriental. origin.] <def>A fragrant gum resin obtained chiefly from
tropical trees of the genera <i>Amyris</i> and <i>Canarium</i>. <i>A.
elemifera</i> yields Mexican elemi; <i>C. commune</i>, the Manila
elemi. It is used in the manufacture of varnishes, also in ointments
and plasters.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"e*min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
transparent, colorless oil obtained from elemi resin by distillation
with water; also, a crystallizable extract from the resin.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lench"</hw> (&esl;*l&ebreve;&nsm;k"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Elenchs</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>elenchus</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to convict, confute, prove: cf. OF. <i>elenche</i>.]
<i>(Logic)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of an argument on
which its conclusiveness depends; that which convinces of refutes an
antagonist; a refutation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A specious
but fallacious argument; a sophism.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*len"chic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to an elench.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*len"chic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By means of
an elench.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*len"chize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
dispute.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*lench"tic</hw>, <hw>E*lench"tic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Elenctic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*len"chus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Same as
<u>Elench</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*lenc"tic</hw> (?), <hw>E*lenc"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.&?;.] <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Serving to refute;
refutative; -- applied to indirect modes of proof, and opposed to
<i>deictic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"enge</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>ellende</i>
foreign, strange, G. <i>elend</i> miserable.] <def>Sorrowful;
wretched; full of trouble.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>El"enge*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Loneliness;
misery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>El"e*phan*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elephantia</i>.] <def>Elephantiasis.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>El"e*phant</hw> (&ebreve;l"&esl;*f<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>elefaunt</i>, <i>olifant</i>, OF.
<i>olifant</i>, F. <i>&eacute;l&eacute;phant</i>, L.
<i>elephantus</i>, <i>elephas</i>, <i>-antis</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>'ele`fas</grk>, <grk>-fantos</grk>; of unknown origin; perh. fr.
Skr. <i>ibha</i>, with the Semitic article <i>al</i>, <i>el</i>,
prefixed, or fr. Semitic <i>Aleph hindi</i> Indian bull; or cf. Goth.
<i>ulbandus</i> camel, AS. <i>olfend</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mammal of the order Proboscidia, of which
two living species, <i>Elephas Indicus</i> and <i>E. Africanus</i>,
and several fossil species, are known. They have a proboscis or
trunk, and two large ivory tusks proceeding from the extremity of the
upper jaw, and curving upwards. The molar teeth are large and have
transverse folds. Elephants are the largest land animals now
existing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ivory; the tusk of the elephant.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i>
</p>

<p><col><b>Elephant apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an East Indian
fruit with a rough, hard rind, and edible pulp, borne by <i>Feronia
elephantum</i>, a large tree related to the orange.</cd> --
<col><b>Elephant bed</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>at Brighton,
England, abounding in fossil remains of elephants.</cd>
<i>Mantell.</i> -- <col><b>Elephant beetle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any very large beetle of the genus
<i>Goliathus</i> (esp. <i>G. giganteus</i>), of the family
<i>Scarab&aelig;id&aelig;</i>. They inhabit West Africa.</cd> --
<col><b>Elephant fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
chim&aelig;roid fish (<i>Callorhynchus antarcticus</i>), with a
proboscis-like projection of the snout.</cd> -- <col><b>Elephant
paper</b></col>, <cd>paper of large size, 23 &times; 28 inches.</cd>
-- <col><b>Double elephant paper</b></col>, <cd>paper measuring
26&frac34; &times; 40 inches. See Note under <u>Paper</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Elephant seal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an African
jumping shrew (<i>Macroscelides typicus</i>), having a long nose like
a proboscis.</cd> -- <col><b>Elephant's ear</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a name given to certain species of the genus Begonia, which have
immense one-sided leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Elephant's foot</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A South African plant
(<i>Testudinaria Elephantipes</i>), which has a massive rootstock
covered with a kind of bark cracked with deep fissures; -- called
also <i>tortoise plant</i>. The interior part is barely edible,
whence the plant is also called <i>Hottentot's bread</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A genus (<i>Elephantopus</i>) of coarse,
composite weeds.</cd> -- <col><b>Elephant's tusk</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the tooth shell. See
<u>Dentalium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>El`e*phan"ti*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Affected with elephantiasis; characteristic of
elephantiasis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||El`e*phan*ti"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
Gr. &?;, from <grk>'ele`fas</grk>, <grk>-fantos</grk>, an elephant.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease of the skin, in which it become
enormously thickened, and is rough, hard, and fissured, like an
elephant's hide.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`e*phan"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elephantinus</i> of ivory, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;l&eacute;phantin</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the elephant, or
resembling an elephant (commonly, in size); hence, huge; immense;
heavy; as, of <i>elephantine</i> proportions; an <i>elephantine</i>
step or tread.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Elephantine epoch</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the epoch
distinguished by the existence of large pachyderms.</cd>
<i>Mantell.</i> -- <col><b>Elephantine tortoise</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a huge land tortoise; esp., <i>Testudo
elephantina</i>, from islands in the Indian Ocean; and <i>T.
elephantopus</i>, from the Galapagos Islands.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>El"e*phan*toid`</hw> (?; 277), <hw>El`e*phan*toid"al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Elephant</i> + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling an elephant in form or
appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`eu*sin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Eleusinius</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to Eleusis, in Greece,
or to secret rites in honor of Ceres, there celebrated; as,
<i>Eleusinian</i> mysteries or festivals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*leu`ther*o*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'eleu`qeros</grk> free + E. <i>mania</i>.] <def>A mania or
frantic zeal for freedom.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*leu`ther*o*ma"ni*ac</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mad for
freedom.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*leu`ther*o-pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'eleu`qeros</grk> free + E. <i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the petals free, that is, entirely separate from each
other; -- said of both plant and flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"e*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>elevatus</i>,
p. p.] <def>Elevated; raised aloft.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>El"e*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>   [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Elevated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Elevating</u> (?).] [L. <i>elevatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>elevare</i>; <i>e</i> + <i>levare</i> to lift up, raise, akin to
<i>levis</i> light in weight. See <u>Levity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bring from a lower place to a higher; to lift up; to raise;
as, to <i>elevate</i> a weight, a flagstaff, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise to a higher station; to promote;
as, to <i>elevate</i> to an office, or to a high social
position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To raise from a depressed state; to
animate; to cheer; as, to <i>elevate</i> the spirits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To exalt; to ennoble; to dignify; as, to
<i>elevate</i> the mind or character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To raise to a higher pitch, or to a
greater degree of loudness; -- said of sounds; as, to <i>elevate</i>
the voice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To intoxicate in a slight degree; to
render tipsy.</def> [Colloq. &amp; Sportive] "The <i>elevated</i>
cavaliers sent for two tubs of merry stingo."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To lessen; to detract from; to
disparage.</def> [A Latin meaning] [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To elevate a piece</b></col> <i>(Gun.)</i>, <cd>to raise
the muzzle; to lower the breech.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To exalt; dignify; ennoble; erect; raise; hoist;
heighten; elate; cheer; flush; excite; animate.</p>

<p><hw>El"e*va`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uplifted;
high; lofty; also, animated; noble; as, <i>elevated</i>
thoughts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Elevated railway</b></col>, <cd>one in which the track is
raised considerably above the ground, especially a city railway above
the line of street travel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>El"e*va`ted*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being elevated.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`e*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elevatio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;l&eacute;vation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of raising from a lower place,
condition, or quality to a higher; -- said of material things,
persons, the mind, the voice, etc.; as, the <i>elevation</i> of
grain; <i>elevation</i> to a throne; <i>elevation</i> of mind,
thoughts, or character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Condition of being elevated; height;
exaltation.</def> "Degrees of <i>elevation</i> above us."
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His style . . .  wanted a little
<i>elevation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is raised up or elevated; an
elevated place or station; as, an <i>elevation</i> of the ground; a
hill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The distance of a
celestial object above the horizon, or the arc of a vertical circle
intercepted between it and the horizon; altitude; as, the
<i>elevation</i> of the pole, or of a star.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Dialing)</i> <def>The angle which the style
makes with the substylar line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Gunnery)</i> <def>The movement of the axis
of a piece in a vertical plane; also, the angle of elevation, that
is, the angle between the axis of the piece and the line o&?;  sight;
-- distinguished from <i>direction</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Drawing)</i> <def>A geometrical projection
of a building, or other object, on a plane perpendicular to the
horizon; orthographic projection on a vertical plane; -- called by
the ancients the <i>orthography</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angle of elevation</b></col> <i>(Geodesy)</i>, <cd>the
angle which an ascending line makes with a horizontal plane.</cd> --
<col><b>Elevation of the host</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>that
part of the Mass in which the priest raises the host above his head
for the people to adore.</cd></p>

<p><hw>El"e*va`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., one who raises
up, a deliverer: cf. F. <i>&eacute;l&eacute;vateur</i>.] <def>One
who, or that which, raises or lifts up anything</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mechanical contrivance, usually an endless
belt or chain with a series of scoops or buckets, for transferring
grain to an upper loft for storage.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
cage or platform and the hoisting machinery in a hotel, warehouse,
mine, etc., for conveying persons, goods, etc., to or from different
floors or levels; -- called in England a <i>lift</i>; the cage or
platform itself.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A building for
elevating, storing, and discharging, grain.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which serves to raise a part of the
body, as the leg or the eye.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>An instrument for raising a depressed portion of a
bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Elevator head</b></col>, <col><b>leg</b></col>, &and;
<col><b>boot</b></col>, <cd>the boxes in which the upper pulley,
belt, and lower pulley, respectively, run in a grain
elevator.</cd></p>

<p><hw>El"e*va`to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
raise, or having power to elevate; as, <i>elevatory</i>
forces.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"e*va`to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;l&eacute;vatoire</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>See
<u>Elevator</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><! p. 480 !></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`l&egrave;ve"</hw> (&asl;`l&asl;v"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>&eacute;lever</i> to raise, bring
up.] <def>A pupil; a student.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lev"en</hw> (&esl;*l&ebreve;v"'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>enleven</i>, AS. <i>endleofan</i>, <i>endlufon</i>, for
<i>nleofan</i>; akin to LG. <i>eleve</i>, <i>&ouml;lwe</i>,
<i>&ouml;lwen</i>, D. <i>elf</i>, G. <i>elf</i>, <i>eilf</i>, OHG.
<i>einlif</i>, Icel. <i>ellifu</i>, Sw. <i>elfva</i>, Dan.
<i>elleve</i>, Goth. <i>ainlif</i>, cf. Lith. <i>v&euml;nolika</i>;
and fr. the root of E. <i>one</i> + (prob.) a root signifying "to be
left over, remain," appearing in E. <i>loan</i>, or perh. in
<i>leave</i>, v. t., <i>life</i>. See <u>One</u>, and cf.
<u>Twelve</u>.] <def>Ten and one added; as, <i>eleven</i>
men.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lev"en</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The sum of ten and one; eleven units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing eleven units, as 11
or xi.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket &amp; American Football)</i> <def>The
eleven men selected to play on one side in a match, as the
representatives of a club or a locality; as, the all-England
<i>eleven</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lev"enth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>endlyfta</i>. See <u>Eleven</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next
after the tenth; as, the <i>eleventh</i> chapter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting one of eleven parts into
which a thing is divided; as, the <i>eleventh</i> part of a
thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
interval of the octave and the fourth.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lev"enth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quotient of a unit divided by eleven; one of eleven equal
parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The interval consisting of
ten conjunct degrees; the interval made up of an octave and a
fourth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Elf</hw> (&ebreve;lf), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Elves</b></plw> (&ebreve;lvz). [AS. <i>&aelig;lf</i>,
<i>ylf</i>; akin to MHG. <i>alp</i>, G. <i>alp</i> nightmare,
incubus, Icel. <i>&amacr;lfr</i> elf, Sw. <i>alf</i>, <i>elfva</i>;
cf. Skr. <i>&rsdot;bhu</i> skillful, artful, <i>rabh</i> to grasp.
Cf. <u>Auf</u>, <u>Oaf</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An imaginary
supernatural being, commonly a little sprite, much like a fairy; a
mythological diminutive spirit, supposed to haunt hills and wild
places, and generally represented as delighting in mischievous
tricks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>elf</i>, and fairy sprite,<BR>
Hop as light as bird from brier.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A very diminutive person; a
dwarf.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Elf arrow</b></col>, <cd>a flint arrowhead; -- so called
by the English rural folk who often find these objects of prehistoric
make in the fields and formerly attributed them to fairies; -- called
also <i>elf bolt</i>, <i>elf dart</i>, and <i>elf shot</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Elf child</b></col>, <cd>a child supposed to be left by
elves, in room of one they had stolen. See <u>Changeling</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Elf fire</b></col>, <cd>the ignis fatuus.</cd> <i>Brewer.</i>
-- <col><b>Elf owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small owl
(<i>Micrathene Whitneyi</i>) of Southern California and
Arizona.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Elf</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To entangle
mischievously, as an elf might do.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Elf</i> all my hair in knots.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Elf"in</hw> (-&ibreve;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to elves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Elf"in</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little elf or
urchin.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Elf"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to the
elves; elflike; implike; weird; scarcely human; mischievous, as
though caused by elves.</def> "<i>Elfish</i> light."
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>elfish</i> intelligence that was so familiar an
expression on her small physiognomy.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Elf"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an elfish
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Elf"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being elfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Elf"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
elf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Elf"land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fairyland.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Elf"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hair matted, or
twisted into a knot, as if by elves.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"gin mar"bles</hw> (?). <def>Greek sculptures in the British
Museum. They were obtained at Athens, about 1811, by Lord
Elgin.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lic"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>elictus</i>, p.
p. of <i>elicere</i> to elicit; <i>e</i> + <i>lacere</i> to entice.
Cf. <u>Delight</u>, <u>Lace</u>.] <def>Elicited; drawn out; made
real; open; evident.</def> [Obs.] "An <i>elicit</i> act of equity."
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lic"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Elicited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Eliciting</u>.] <def>To draw out or entice forth; to bring to
light; to bring out against the will; to deduce by reason or
argument; as, to <i>elicit</i> truth by discussion.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lic"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
elicit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*lic`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
eliciting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Elided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Eliding</u>.] [L. <i>elidere</i> to strike out or off; <i>e</i> +
<i>laedere</i> to hurt by striking: cf. F. <i>&eacute;lider</i>. See
<u>Lesion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To break or dash in pieces;
to demolish; as, to <i>elide</i> the force of an argument.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To cut off, as a vowel or a
syllable, usually the final one; to subject to elision.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`i*gi*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;ligibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
eligible; eligibleness; as, the <i>eligibility</i> of a candidate;
the <i>eligibility</i> of an offer of marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"i*gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;ligible</i>, fr. L. <i>eligere</i>. See <u>Elect</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That may be selected; proper or qualified to
be chosen; legally qualified to be elected and to hold
office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worthy to be chosen or selected; suitable;
desirable; as, an <i>eligible</i> situation for a house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The more <i>eligible</i> of the two
evils.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>El"i*gi*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being worthy or qualified to be chosen; suitableness;
desirableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"i*gi*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an eligible
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"i*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elimatus</i>, p. p. of <i>elimare</i> to file up; <i>e</i> out +
<i>limare</i> to file, fr. <i>lima</i> file.] <def>To render smooth;
to polish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*lim"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>The result of eliminating <i>n</i> variables between <i>n</i>
homogeneous equations of any degree; -- called also
<i>resultant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lim"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Eliminated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Eliminating</u> (?).] [L. <i>eliminatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>eliminare</i>; <i>e</i> out + <i>limen</i> threshold; prob. akin
to <i>limes</i> boundary. See <u>Limit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To put out of doors; to expel; to discharge; to release; to set
at liberty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Eliminate</i> my spirit, give it range<BR>
Through provinces of thought yet unexplored.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>To cause to disappear from
an equation; as, to <i>eliminate</i> an unknown quantity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set aside as unimportant in a process
of inductive inquiry; to leave out of consideration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Eliminate</i> errors that have been gathering and
accumulating.</blockquote> <i>Lowth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To obtain by separating, as from foreign
matters; to deduce; as, to <i>eliminate</i> an idea or a
conclusion.</def> [Recent, and not well authorized]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To separate; to expel
from the system; to excrete; as, the kidneys <i>eliminate</i> urea,
the lungs carbonic acid; to <i>eliminate</i> poison from the
system.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lim`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;limination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
expelling or throwing off</def>; <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>the act of
discharging or excreting waste products or foreign substances through
the various emunctories.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>Act of causing a quantity to
disappear from an equation; especially, in the operation of deducing
from several equations containing several unknown quantities a less
number of equations containing a less number of unknown
quantities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of obtaining by separation, or as
the result of eliminating; deduction. [See <u>Eliminate</u>,
4.]</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lim"i*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Relating to, or carrying on,
elimination.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lin"guate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elinguare</i>.] <def>To deprive of the tongue.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Davies (Holy Roode).</i></p>

<p><hw>E`lin*gua"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elinguatio</i>. See <u>Elinguid</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>Punishment by cutting out the tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lin"guid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>elinguis</i>,
prop., deprived of the tongue; hence, speechless; <i>e</i> +
<i>lingua</i> tongue.] <def>Tongue-tied; dumb.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*liq"ua*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A liquid
obtained from fat, or fat fish, by pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`i*qua"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eliquatio</i>, fr. <i>eliquare</i> to clarify, strain; <i>e</i> +
<i>liquare</i> to make liquid, melt.] <i>(Metallurgy)</i> <def>The
process of separating a fusible substance from one less fusible, by
means of a degree of heat sufficient to melt the one and not the
other, as an alloy of copper and lead; liquation.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*li"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>elisio</i>, fr.
<i>elidere</i>, <i>elisum</i>, to strike out: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lision</i>. See <u>Elide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Division; separation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The cutting off or
suppression of a vowel or syllable, for the sake of meter or euphony;
esp., in poetry, the dropping of a final vowel standing before an
initial vowel in the following word, when the two words are drawn
together.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*li"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;liseur</i>, fr. <i>&eacute;lire</i> to choose, L.
<i>eligere</i>. See <u>Elect</u>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>An elector
or chooser; one of two persons appointed by a court to return a jury
or serve a writ when the sheriff and the coroners are
disqualified.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`lite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>&eacute;lire</i> to choose, L.  <i>eligere</i>. See <u>Elect</u>.]
<def>A choice or select body; the flower; as, the <i>&eacute;lite</i>
of society.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Elixate</u>.]
<def>To extract.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lix"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elixatus</i>, p. p. of <i>elixare</i> to seethe, fr. <i>elixus</i>
thoroughly boiled; <i>e</i> + <i>lixare</i> to boil, <i>lix</i>
ashes.] <def>To boil; to seethe; hence, to extract by boiling or
seething.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>El`ix*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lixation</i>.] <def>A seething; digestion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lix"ir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;lixir</i>, Sp. <i>elixir</i>, Ar. <i>eliks&imacr;r</i> the
philosopher's stone, prob. from Gr. &?; dry, (hence probably) a dry
powder; cf. Skr. <i>ksh&amacr;</i> to burn.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tincture with more than one base; a compound
tincture or medicine, composed of various substances, held in
solution by alcohol in some form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Alchemy)</i> <def>An imaginary liquor
capable of transmuting metals into gold; also, one for producing life
indefinitely; as, <i>elixir</i> vit&aelig;, or the <i>elixir</i> of
life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The refined spirit; the
quintessence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . <i>elixir</i> of worldly
delights.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any cordial or substance which
invigorates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The grand <i>elixir</i>, to support the spirits of
human nature.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*liz"a*beth`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to Queen Elizabeth or her times, esp. to the architecture or
literature of her reign; as, the <i>Elizabethan</i> writers, drama,
literature.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lived in
England in the time of Queen Elizabeth.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Elk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>elgr</i>; akin to
Sw. <i>elg</i>, AS. <i>eolh</i>, OHG. <i>elaho</i>, MHG. <i>elch</i>,
cf. L. <i>alces</i>; perh. akin to E. <i>eland</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large deer, of several species. The
European elk (<i>Alces machlis</i> or <i>Cervus alces</i>) is closely
allied to the American moose. The American elk, or wapiti (<i>Cervus
Canadensis</i>), is closely related to the European stag. See
<u>Moose</u>, and <u>Wapiti</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Irish elk</b></col> <i>(Paleon.)</i>, <cd>a large,
extinct, Quaternary deer (<i>Cervus giganteus</i>) with widely
spreading antlers. Its remains have been found beneath the peat of
swamps in Ireland and England. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix;
also <i>Illustration</i> of <u>Antler</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cape
elk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the eland.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Elk</hw>, <hw>Elke</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European wild or whistling swan
(<i>Cygnus ferus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Elk"nut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
buffalo nut. See under <u>Buffalo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Elk"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The soft, spongy
wood of a species of Magnolia (<i>M. Umbrella</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>eln</i>; akin to D.
<i>el</i>, <i>elle</i>, G. <i>elle</i>, OHG. <i>elina</i>, Icel.
<i>alin</i>, Dan. <i>alen</i>, Sw. <i>aln</i>, Goth. <i>alenia</i>,
L. <i>ulna</i> elbow, ell, Gr. &?; elbow.  Cf. <u>Elbow</u>,
<u>Alnage</u>.] <def>A measure for cloth; -- now rarely used. It is
of different lengths in different countries; the English ell being 45
inches, the Dutch or Flemish ell 27, the Scotch about 37.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See
<u>L</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"la*chick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native Indian
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fresh-water tortoise (<i>Chelopus
marmoratus</i>) of California; -- used as food.</def></p>

<p><hw>El*lag"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>galle</i>
gall (with the letters reversed).] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or derived from, gallnuts or gallic acid; as, <i>ellagic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ellagic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white
crystalline substance, C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>9</sub>,
found in bezoar stones, and obtained by the oxidation of gallic
acid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>El"le*bore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hellebore.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>El*leb"o*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Helleborin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"leck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The red gurnard or cuckoo fish.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p>{<hw>El"lenge</hw> (?), <hw>El"linge</hw> (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>El"lenge*ness</hw>, <hw>El"linge*ness</hw>,
<pos><i>n</i></pos> }. <def>See <u>Elenge</u>,
<u>Elengeness</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>El"les</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Else</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>El*lipse"</hw> (&ebreve;l*l&ibreve;ps"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>'e`lleipsis</grk>, prop., a defect, the inclination of the
ellipse to the base of the cone being in defect when compared with
that of the side to the base: cf. F. <i>ellipse</i>. See
<u>Ellipsis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>An oval or
oblong figure, bounded by a regular curve, which corresponds to an
oblique projection of a circle, or an oblique section of a cone
through its opposite sides. The greatest diameter of the ellipse is
the major axis, and the least diameter is the minor axis. See
<i>Conic section</i>, under <u>Conic</u>, and cf.
<u>Focus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Omission. See
<u>Ellipsis</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The elliptical orbit of a
planet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Sun flies forward to his brother Sun;<BR>
The dark Earth follows wheeled in her <i>ellipse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>El*lip"sis</hw> (&ebreve;l*l&ibreve;p"s&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Ellipses</b></plw> (-
s&emacr;z). [L., fr. Gr. <grk>'e`lleipsis</grk> a leaving, defect,
fr. <grk>'ellei`pein</grk> to leave in, fall short; <grk>'en</grk> in
+ <grk>lei`pein</grk> to leave. See <u>In</u>, and <u>Loan</u>, and
cf. <u>Ellipse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Omission;
a figure of syntax, by which one or more words, which are obviously
understood, are omitted; as, the virtues I admire, for, the virtues
<i>which</i> I admire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>An ellipse.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>El*lip"so*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ellipse</i>
+ <i>graph</i>: cf. F. <i>ellipsographe</i>.] <def>An instrument for
describing ellipses; -- called also <i>trammel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>El*lip"soid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ellipse</i> +
<i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>ellipsoide</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid,
all plane sections of which are ellipses or circles. See
<u>Conoid</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ellipsoid has three principal plane sections, <i>a</i>,
<i>b</i>, and <i>c</i>, each at right angles to the other two, and
each dividing the solid into two equal and symmetrical parts. The
lines of meeting of these principal sections are the axes, or
principal diameters of the ellipsoid. The point where the three
planes meet is the center.</p>

<p><col><b>Ellipsoid of revolution</b></col>, <cd>a spheroid; a solid
figure generated by the revolution of an ellipse about one of its
axes. It is called a <i>prolate spheroid</i>, or <i>prolatum</i>,
when the ellipse is revolved about the major axis, and an <i>oblate
spheroid</i>, or <i>oblatum</i>, when it is revolved about the minor
axis.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>El*lip"soid</hw> (?), <hw>El`lip*soi"dal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or shaped like, an
ellipsoid; as, <i>ellipsoid</i> or <i>ellipsoidal</i> form.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>El*lip"tic</hw> (?), <hw>El*lip"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>elliptique</i>. See
<u>Ellipsis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an
ellipse; having the form of an ellipse; oblong, with rounded
ends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The planets move in <i>elliptic</i>
orbits.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a part omitted; as, an
<i>elliptical</i> phrase.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Elliptic chuck</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Chuck</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Elliptic compasses</b></col>, <cd>an instrument arranged
for drawing ellipses.</cd> -- <col><b>Elliptic function</b></col>.
<i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See <u>Function</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Elliptic
integral</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See <u>Integral</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Elliptic polarization</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Polarization</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>El*lip"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the form of an ellipse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With a part omitted; as,
<i>elliptically</i> expressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`lip*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ellipticit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Deviation of an ellipse or a
spheroid from the form of a circle or a sphere; especially, in
reference to the figure of the earth, the difference between the
equatorial and polar semidiameters, divided by the equatorial; thus,
the <i>ellipticity</i> of the earth is &frac1x29966;.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some writers use <i>ellipticity</i> as the ratio of the
difference of the two semiaxes to the minor axis, instead of the
major.  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>El*lip"tic-lan"ce*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a form intermediate between elliptic and
lanceolate.</def></p>

<p><hw>El*lip"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ellipsograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ell"wand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Formerly, a
measuring rod an ell long.</def></p>

<p><hw>Elm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>elm</i>; akin to D.
<i>olm</i>, OHG. <i>elm</i>, G. <i>ulme</i>, Icel. <i>almr</i>, Dan.
& Sw. <i>alm</i>, L. <i>ulmus</i>, and E. <i>alder</i>.  Cf.
<u>Old</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree of the genus <i>Ulmus</i>, of
several species, much used as a shade tree, particularly in America.
The English elm is <i>Ulmus campestris</i>; the common American or
white elm is <i>U. Americana</i>; the slippery or red elm, <i>U.
fulva</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Elm beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
several species of beetles (esp. <i>Galeruca calmariensis</i>), which
feed on the leaves of the elm.</cd> -- <col><b>Elm borer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several species of beetles of which
the larv&aelig; bore into the wood or under the bark of the elm (esp.
<i>Saperda tridentata</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Elm butterfly</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several species of butterflies,
which, in the caterpillar state, feed on the leaves of the elm (esp.
<i>Vanessa antiopa</i> and <i>Grapta comma</i>). See <i>Comma
butterfly</i>, under <u>Comma</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Elm moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of numerous species of moths of which
the larv&aelig; destroy the leaves of the elm (esp. <i>Eugonia
subsignaria</i>, called <i>elm spanworm</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Elm
sawfly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large sawfly (<i>Cimbex
Americana</i>). The larva, which is white with a black dorsal stripe,
feeds on the leaves of the elm.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Elm"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to
elms.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>El"mo's fire`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Corposant</u>; also
<i>Saint Elmo's Fire</i>, under <u>Saint</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Elm"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
elms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The simple spire and <i>elmy</i> grange.</blockquote>
<i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>El`o*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-</i> +
<i>locate</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A removal from the usual
place of residence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Departure from the usual state; an
ecstasy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 481 !></p>

<p><hw>E*loc"u*lar</hw> (&esl;*l&obreve;k"&usl;*l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-</i> + <i>locular</i>.] <def>Having
but one cell, or cavity; not divided by a septum or
partition.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`o*cu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elocutio</i>, fr. <i>eloqui</i>, <i>elocutus</i>, to speak out:
cf. F. <i>&eacute;locution</i>. See <u>Eloquent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Utterance by speech.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[Fruit] whose taste . . . <BR>
Gave <i>elocution</i> to the mute, and taught<BR>
The tongue not made for speech to speak thy praise.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Oratorical or expressive delivery,
including the graces of intonation, gesture, etc.; style or manner of
speaking or reading in public; as, clear, impressive
<i>elocution</i>.</def> "The <i>elocution</i> of a reader."
<i>Whately</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Suitable and impressive writing or style;
eloquent diction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To express these thoughts with
<i>elocution</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>El`o*cu"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to elocution.</def></p>

<p><hw>El`o*cu"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in elocution; a teacher of elocution.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"o*cu`tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
oratorical expression.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lo"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a tribe of tortoises, including the terrapins, etc., in
which the head and neck can be withdrawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`loge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Elogium</u>.] <def>A panegyrical funeral oration.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;logiste</i>.] <def>One who pronounces an
&eacute;loge.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*lo"gi*um</hw> (&esl;*l&omacr;"j&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<hw>El"o*gy</hw> (&ebreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>elogium</i> a short saying, an inscription, fr. Gr.
<grk>lo`gos</grk> speech, fr. <grk>le`gein</grk> to speak.  Cf.
<u>&Eacute;loge</u>.] <def>The praise bestowed on a person or thing;
panegyric; eulogy.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lo"him</hw> (&esl;*l&omacr;"h&ibreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.] <def>One of the principal names by which
God is designated in the Hebrew Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lo"hist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The writer, or
one of the writers, of the passages of the Old Testament, notably
those of the Pentateuch, which are characterized by the use of
<i>Elohim</i> instead of <i>Jehovah</i>, as the name of the Supreme
Being; -- distinguished from <i>Jehovist</i>.</def>  <i>S.
Davidson.</i></p>

<p><hw>El`o*his"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
Elohim as a name of God; -- said of passages in the Old
Testament.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*loign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Eloigned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Eloigning</u>.] [F. <i>&eacute;loigner</i>, OF. <i>esloignier</i>;
pref. <i>es-</i> (L. <i>ex</i>) + OF. &amp; F. <i>loin</i> far, far off,
L. <i>longe</i>, fr. <i>longus</i> long. See <u>Elongate</u>.]
[Written also <i>eloin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remove afar
off; to withdraw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From worldly cares he did himself
<i>eloign</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To convey to a distance, or
beyond the jurisdiction, or to conceal, as goods liable to
distress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sheriff may return that the goods or beasts are
<i>eloigned</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*loign"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
remove.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*loign"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;loignement</i>.] <def>Removal to a distance;
withdrawal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*loin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Eloign</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*loin"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Eloignate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*loin"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Eloignment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*long"</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Eloign</u>, <u>Elongate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lengthen
out; to prolong.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put away; to separate; to keep
off.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lon"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Elongated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Elongating</u>.] [LL. <i>elongatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>elongare</i> to remove, to prolong; <i>e</i> + L. <i>longus</i>
long. See <u>Long</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Eloign</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lengthen; to extend; to stretch; as, to
<i>elongate</i> a line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove further off.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lon"gate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To depart to, or
be at, a distance; esp., to recede apparently from the sun, as a
planet in its orbit.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*lon"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>elongatus</i>.] <def>Drawn out at length; elongated; as, an
<i>elongate</i> leaf.</def> "An <i>elongate</i> form."
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`lon*ga"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>elongatio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;longation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of lengthening, or the state of being
lengthened; protraction; extension.</def> "<i>Elongation</i> of the
fibers."  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which lengthens out;
continuation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>May not the mountains of Westmoreland and Cumberland
be considered as <i>elongations</i> of these two chains?</blockquote>
<i>Pinkerton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Removal to a distance; withdrawal; a being
at a distance; distance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The distant points in the celestial expanse appear to
the eye in so small a degree of <i>elongation</i> from one another,
as bears no proportion to what is real.</blockquote>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The angular distance of a
planet from the sun; as, the <i>elongation</i> of Venus or
Mercury.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lope"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Eloped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Eloping</u>.] [D. <i>ontloopen</i> to run away; pref. <i>ont-</i>
(akin to G. <i>ent-</i>, AS. <i>and-</i>, cf. E. <i>answer</i>) +
<i>loopen</i> to run; akin to E. <i>leap</i>. See <u>Leap</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To run away, or escape privately, from
the place or station to which one is bound by duty; -- said
especially of a woman or a man, either married or unmarried, who runs
away with a paramour or a sweetheart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great numbers of them [the women] have <i>eloped</i>
from their allegiance.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lope"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
eloping; secret departure; -- said of a woman and a man, one or both,
who run away from their homes for marriage or for
cohabitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
elopes.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"lops</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>elops</i>,
<i>helops</i>, a kind of sea fish, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fishes. See
<u>Saury</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mythical serpent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>El"o*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;loquence</i>, L. <i>eloquentia</i>, fr. <i>eloquens</i>.
See <u>Eloquent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fluent, forcible,
elegant, and persuasive speech in public; the power of expressing
strong emotions in striking and appropriate language either spoken or
written, thereby producing conviction or persuasion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Eloquence</i> is speaking out . . . out of the
abundance of the heart.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Whatever produces the effect of
moving and persuasive speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Silence that spoke and <i>eloquence</i> of
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The hearts of men are their books; events are their
tutors; great actions are their <i>eloquence</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is eloquently uttered or
written.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, let my books be then the <i>eloquence</i><BR>
And dumb presagers of my speaking breast.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Oratory; rhetoric.</p>

<p><hw>El"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;loquent</i>, L. <i>eloquens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>eloqui</i> to speak out, declaim; <i>e</i> + <i>loqui</i> to
speak. See <u>Loquacious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the
power of expressing strong emotions or forcible arguments in an
elevated, impassioned, and effective manner; as, an <i>eloquent</i>
orator or preacher.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Death, all-<i>eloquent</i>! You only prove<BR>
What dust we dote on when 't is man we love.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to express strong emotion or to
state facts arguments with fluency and power; as, an <i>eloquent</i>
address or statement; an <i>eloquent</i> appeal to a jury.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"o*quent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an eloquent
manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>El"rich</hw> (?) or <hw>El"ritch</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ghastly; preternatural. Same as
<u>Eldritch</u>.</def> [Scot. &amp; Local, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Else</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; pron.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; AS.
<i>elles</i> otherwise, gen. sing. of an adj. signifying
<i>other</i>; akin to OHG. <i>elles</i> otherwise, OSw.
<i>&auml;ljes</i>, Sw. <i>eljest</i>, Goth.  <i>aljis</i>, adj.,
other, L. <i>alius</i>, Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>Alias</u>, <u>Alien</u>.]
<def>Other; one or something beside; as, Who <i>else</i> is coming?
What <i>else</i> shall I give? Do you expect anything
<i>else</i>?</def>  "Bastards and <i>else</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word always follows its noun. It is usual to give the
possessive form to <i>else</i> rather than to the substantive; as,
somebody <i>else's</i>; no one <i>else's</i>. "A boy who is fond of
somebody <i>else's</i> pencil case." <i>G. Eliot.</i> "A suit of
clothes like everybody <i>else's</i>."  <i>Thackeray.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Else</hw>, <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Besides; except that mentioned; in addition; as, nowhere
<i>else</i>; no one <i>else</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Otherwise; in the other, or the contrary,
case; if the facts were different.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For thou desirest not sacrifice; <i>else</i> would I
give it.</blockquote> <i>Ps. li. 16.</i></p>

<p>&fist; After &lsquo;or', <i>else</i> is sometimes used
expletively, as simply noting an alternative. "Will you give thanks,
. . . or <i>else</i> shall I?"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Else"where`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In any other place; as, these trees are not
to be found <i>elsewhere</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In some other place; in other places,
indefinitely; as, it is reported in town and
<i>elsewhere</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Else"whith`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To some,
or any, other place; as, you will have to go <i>elsewhither</i> for
it.</def> <i>R. of Gloucester.</i> "For <i>elsewhither</i> was I
bound."  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Else"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Otherwise.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>El"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shoemaker's
awl.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>E*lu"ci*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Elucidated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Elucidating</u> (?).] [LL. <i>elucidatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>elucidare</i>; <i>e</i> + <i>lucidus</i> full of light, clear.
See <u>Lucid</u>.] <def>To make clear or manifest; to render more
intelligible; to illustrate; as, an example will <i>elucidate</i> the
subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lu`ci*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lucidation</i>.] <def>A making clear; the act of
elucidating or that which elucidates, as an explanation, an
exposition, an illustration; as, one example may serve for further
<i>elucidation</i> of the subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lu"ci*da`tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making
clear; tending to elucidate; as, an <i>elucidative</i>
note.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lu"ci*da`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
explains or elucidates; an expositor.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lu"ci*da*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to elucidate; elucidative.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*luc"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eluctatus</i>, p. p. of <i>eluctari</i> to struggle out; <i>e</i>
+ <i>luctari</i> to wrestle.] <def>To struggle out; -- with
<i>out</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`luc*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eluctatio</i>.] <def>A struggling out of any difficulty.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lu"cu*brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elucubratus</i>, p. p. of <i>elucubrare</i> to compose by
lamplight.] <def>See <u>Lucubrate</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lu`cu*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;lucubration</i>.] <def>See <u>Lucubration</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Eluded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Eluding</u>.] [L. <i>eludere</i>, <i>elusum</i>; <i>e</i> +
<i>ludere</i> to play: cf. F. <i>&eacute;luder</i>. See
<u>Ludicrous</u>.] <def>To avoid slyly, by artifice, stratagem, or
dexterity; to escape from in a covert manner; to mock by an
unexpected escape; to baffle; as, to <i>elude</i> an officer; to
<i>elude</i> detection, inquiry, search, comprehension; to
<i>elude</i> the force of an argument or a blow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Me gentle Delia beckons from the plain,<BR>
Then, hid in shades, <i>eludes</i> he eager swain.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The transition from fetichism to polytheism seems a
gradual process of which the stages <i>elude</i> close
definition.</blockquote> <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To evade; avoid; escape; shun; eschew; flee; mock;
baffle; frustrate; foil.</p>

<p><hw>E*lud"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being eluded; evadible.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"lul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.] <def>The sixth
month of the Jewish year, by the sacred reckoning, or the twelfth, by
the civil reckoning, corresponding nearly to the month of
September.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lum"ba*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>elumbis</i>; <i>e</i> + <i>lumbus</i> loin.] <def>Weak or lame in
the loins.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*lu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>elusio</i>,
fr. L. <i>eludere</i>, elusum. See <u>Elude</u>.] <def>Act of
eluding; adroit escape, as by artifice; a mockery; a cheat;
trickery.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
elude; using arts or deception to escape; adroitly escaping or
evading; eluding the grasp; fallacious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Elusive</i> of the bridal day, she gives<BR>
Fond hopes to all, and all with hopes deceives.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>E*lu"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>E*lu"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E*lu"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>elusorius</i>.] <def>Tending to elude or deceive; evasive;
fraudulent; fallacious; deceitful; deceptive.</def> --
<wf>E*lu"so*ri*ness</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>elutus</i>,
p. p. of <i>eluers</i> to elute; <i>e</i> + <i>luere</i> to wash.]
<def>To wash out.</def> [R.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lu"tri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Elutriated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Elutriating</u> (?).] [L. <i>elutriatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>elutriare</i>.] <def>To wash or strain out so as to purify; as, to
<i>elutriate</i> the blood as it passes through the lungs; to strain
off or decant, as a powder which is separated from heavier particles
by being drawn off with water; to cleanse, as by washing.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lu`tri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
process of elutriating; a decanting or racking off by means of water,
as finer particles from heavier.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lux"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-</i> +
<i>luxate</i>.] <def>To dislocate; to luxate.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lux*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dislocation;
luxation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Elv"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to elves; elvish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
certain veins of feldspathic or porphyritic rock crossing
metalliferous veins in the mining districts of Cornwall; as, an
<i>elvan</i> course.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Elv"an</hw>, <hw>Elv"an*ite</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The rock of an elvan vein, or the elvan vein itself; an elvan
course.</def></p>

<p><hw>Elve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old form of
Elf.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A young eel; a young conger or sea eel; -- called also
<i>elvene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Elves</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> of
<plw><b>Elf</b></plw>.</p>

<p><hw>Elv"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to elves; implike; mischievous; weird; also, vacant;
absent in demeanor. See <u>Elfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He seemeth <i>elvish</i> by his
countenance.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mysterious; also, foolish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Elv"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an elvish
manner.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>El"wand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Ellwand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ly"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Elysius</i>,
fr. <i>Elysium</i>.] <def>Pertaining, or the abode of the blessed
after death; hence, yielding the highest pleasures; exceedingly
delightful; beatific.</def> "<i>Elysian</i> shades."
<i>Massinger.</i> "<i>Elysian</i> age."  <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This life of mortal breath<BR>
Is but a suburb of the life <i>elysian</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ly"sium</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Elysiums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Elysia</b></plw> (#). [L.,
fr. Gr. &?;, &?; &?;, Elysian field.] <i>(Anc. Myth.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dwelling place assigned to happy souls
after death; the seat of future happiness; Paradise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any delightful place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>Elysian</i> more pure and bright than that pf
the Greeks.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*lyt"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Elytrum</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the form, or
structure, of an elytron.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"y*trin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Elytrum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Chitin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"y*troid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sheath, a
wing case + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling a
beetle's wing case.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"y*tron</hw> (?; 277), <hw>El"y*trum</hw> (-tr&?;m)
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Elytra</b></plw> (#). [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to roll round.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the anterior pair of wings in the
Coleoptera and some other insects, when they are thick and serve only
as a protection for the posterior pair.</def> See <u>Coleoptera</u>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the shieldlike dorsal scales of
certain annelids. See <u>Ch&aelig;topoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"ze*vir</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bibliog.)</i>
<def>Applied to books or editions (esp. of the Greek New Testament
and the classics) printed and published by the Elzevir family at
Amsterdam, Leyden, etc., from about 1592 to 1680; also, applied to a
round open type introduced by them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Elzevir</i> editions are valued for their
neatness, and the elegant small types used.</blockquote> <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>'Em</hw> (?). <def>An obsolete or colloquial contraction of
the old form <i>hem</i>, them.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The
portion of a line formerly occupied by the letter <i>m</i>, then a
square type, used as a unit by which to measure the amount of printed
matter on a page; the square of the body of a type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em-</hw>. <def>A prefix. See <u>En-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mac"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emaceratus</i> emaciated; <i>e</i> + <i>macerare</i> to make
soft.] <def>To make lean or to become lean; to emaciate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bullokar.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mac`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Emaciation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*ma"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Emaciated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Emaciating</u>.] [L. <i>emaciatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>emaciare</i> to make lean; <i>e</i> + <i>maciare</i> to make lean
or meager, fr. <i>macies</i> leanness, akin to <i>macer</i> lean. See
<u>Meager</u>.] <def>To lose flesh gradually and become very lean; to
waste away in flesh.</def> "He <i>emaciated</i> and pined away."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ma"ci*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
waste away in flesh and become very lean; as, his sickness
<i>emaciated</i> him.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ma"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emaciatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Emaciated.</def> "<i>Emaciate</i>
steeds."  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ma`ci*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;maciation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of making
very lean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being emaciated or reduced to
excessive leanness; an excessively lean condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mac"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emaculatus</i>, p. p. of <i>emaculare</i> to clear from spots. See
<u>Maculate</u>.] <def>To clear from spots or stains, or from any
imperfection.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mac`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
clearing from spots.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||&AElig;`mail` om`brant"</hw> (?). [F., shaded enamel.]
<i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>An art or process of flooding transparent
colored glaze over designs stamped or molded on earthenware or
porcelain.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"a*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>emanans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>emanare</i>. See <u>Emanate</u>.]
<def>Issuing or flowing forth; emanating; passing forth into an act,
or making itself apparent by an effect; -- said of mental acts; as,
an <i>emanant</i> volition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"a*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Emanated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Emanating</u>.] [L. <i>emanare</i>, <i>emanatum</i>, to emanate;
<i>e</i> out + <i>manare</i> to flow, prob. for <i>madnare</i>, and
akin to <i>madere</i> to be wet, drip, <i>madidus</i> wet, drenched,
drunk, Gr. &?;, &?;, wet, &?; to be wet, Skr. <i>mad</i> to boil,
<i>matta</i> drunk.  Cf. <u>Emane</u>.]</p>

<p><! p. 482 !> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To issue forth from a source;
to flow out from more or less constantly; as, fragrance
<i>emanates</i> from flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To proceed from, as a source or fountain;
to take origin; to arise, to originate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That subsisting from of government from which all
special laws <i>emanate</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To flow; arise; proceed; issue; originate.</p>

<p><hw>Em"a*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Issuing forth;
emanant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Em`a*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emanatio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;manation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of flowing or proceeding from a fountain head or
origin.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those profitable and excellent <i>emanations</i> from
God.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which issues, flows, or proceeds from
any object as a source; efflux; an effluence; as, perfume is an
<i>emanation</i> from a flower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>emanation</i> of the indwelling
life.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"a*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Issuing
forth; effluent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"a*na*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By an
emanation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"a*na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Emanative;
of the nature of an emanation.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*man"ci*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Emancipated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Emancipating</u>.] [L. <i>emancipatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>emancipare</i> to emancipate; <i>e</i> + <i>mancipare</i> to
transfer ownership in, fr. <i>manceps</i> purchaser, as being one who
laid his hand on the thing bought; <i>manus</i> hand + <i>capere</i>
to take. See <u>Manual</u>, and <u>Capable</u>.] <def>To set free
from the power of another; to liberate; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> To
set free, as a minor from a parent; as, a father may
<i>emancipate</i> a child. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> To set free from
bondage; to give freedom to; to manumit; as, to <i>emancipate</i> a
slave, or a country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brasidas . . . declaring that he was sent to
<i>emancipate</i> Hellas.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To free from any controlling influence,
especially from anything which exerts undue or evil influence; as, to
<i>emancipate</i> one from prejudices or error.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From how many troublesome and slavish impertinences .
. . he had <i>emancipated</i> and freed himself.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>emancipate</i> the human
conscience.</blockquote> <i>A. W. Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*man"ci*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emancipatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Set at liberty.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*man`ci*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emancipatio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;mancipation</i>.] <def>The act
of setting free from the power of another, from slavery, subjection,
dependence, or controlling influence; also, the state of being thus
set free; liberation; as, the <i>emancipation</i> of slaves; the
<i>emancipation</i> of minors; the <i>emancipation</i> of a person
from prejudices; the <i>emancipation</i> of the mind from
superstition; the <i>emancipation</i> of a nation from tyranny or
subjection.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deliverance; liberation; release; freedom;
manumission; enfranchisement.</p>

<p><hw>E*man`ci*pa"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
advocate of emancipation, esp. the emancipation of slaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*man"ci*pa`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who emancipates.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*man"ci*pa*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to emancipation, or tending to effect
emancipation.</def> "<i>Emancipatory</i> laws."  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*man"ci*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A freed
convict.</def> [Australia]</p>

<p><hw>E*mar"gi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emarginare</i>; <i>e</i> out + <i>marginare</i> to furnish with a
margin, fr. <i>margo</i> margin.] <def>To take away the margin
of.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*mar"gi*nate</hw> (?), <hw>E*mar"gi*na`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the margin
interrupted by a notch or shallow sinus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Notched at the
summit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Cryst.)</i> <def>Having the edges
truncated.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mar"gi*nate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
emarginate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mar`gi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of notching or indenting the margin, or the state of being so
notched; also, a notch or shallow sinus in a margin.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mas"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Emasculated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Emasculating</u> (?).] [L. <i>emasculare</i>;
<i>e</i> + <i>masculus</i> male, masculine. See <u>Male</u>
masculine.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of virile or
procreative power; to castrate power; to castrate; to geld.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of masculine vigor or spirit;
to weaken; to render effeminate; to vitiate by unmanly
softness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Luxury had not <i>emasculated</i> their
minds.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mas"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deprived of
virility or vigor; unmanned; weak.</def> "<i>Emasculate</i> slave."
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mas`cu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of depriving of virility, or the
state of being so deprived; castration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of depriving, or state of being
deprived, of vigor or strength; unmanly weakness.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mas"cu*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who, or that which, emasculates.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mas"cu*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving
or tending to emasculate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Embase</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*bale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>emballer</i>; pref. <i>em-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>balle</i> bale.
See 1st <u>Bale</u>.] [Obs.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make up into
a bale or pack.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bind up; to inclose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Legs . . . <i>embaled</i> in golden
buskins.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*ball"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Embale</u>.] <def>To encircle or embrace.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*balm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Embalmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Embalming</u>.] [F. <i>embaumer</i>; pref. <i>em-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + <i>baume</i> balm. See <u>Balm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To anoint all over with balm; especially, to preserve from decay
by means of balm or other aromatic oils, or spices; to fill or
impregnate (a dead body), with aromatics and drugs that it may resist
putrefaction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Joseph commanded his servants, the physicians, to
<i>embalm</i> &?;is father; and the physicians <i>embalmed</i>
Israel.</blockquote> <i>Gem. l. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill or imbue with sweet odor; to
perfume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With fresh dews <i>embalmed</i> the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To preserve from decay or oblivion as if
with balm; to perpetuate in remembrance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those tears eternal that <i>embalm</i> the
dead.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*balm"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
embalms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*balm"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>embaumement</i>.] <def>The act of embalming.</def> [R.]
<i>Malone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bank"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Embanked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Embanking</u>.] [Pref. <i>em-</i> + <i>bank</i>.  Cf.
<u>Imbank</u>.] <def>To throw up a bank so as to confine or to
defend; to protect by a bank of earth or stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bank"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of surrounding or defending with a bank.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A structure of earth, gravel, etc., raised
to prevent water from overflowing a level tract of country, to retain
water in a reservoir, or to carry a roadway, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Embarred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Embanking</u>.] [Pref. <i>em-</i> + <i>bar</i>: cf. F.
<i>embarrer</i>.  Cf. <u>Embargo</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bar
or shut in; to inclose securely, as with bars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where fast <i>embarred</i> in mighty brazen
wall.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stop; to hinder by prohibition; to
block up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>embarred</i> all further trade.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em`bar*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Embarkation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*barge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put in a
barge.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bar"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Embargoes</b></plw> (#). [Sp., fr. <i>embargar</i> to arrest,
restrain; pref. <i>em-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + Sp. <i>barra</i> bar,
akin to F. <i>barre</i> bar. See <u>Bar</u>.] <def>An edict or order
of the government prohibiting the departure of ships of commerce from
some or all of the ports within its dominions; a prohibition to
sail.</def></p>

<p>&fist; If the <i>embargo</i> is laid on an enemy's ships, it is
called a <i>hostile embargo</i>; if on the ships belonging to
citizens of the embargoing state, it is called a <i>civil
embargo</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Em*bar"go</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Embargoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Embargoing</u>.] <def>To lay an embargo on and thus detain; to
prohibit from leaving port; -- said of ships, also of commerce and
goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bark"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Embarked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Embarking</u>.] [F. <i>embarquer</i>; pref. <i>em-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + <i>barque</i> bark: cf. Sp. <i>embarcar</i>, It.
<i>imbarcare</i>. See <u>Bark</u>. a vessel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to go on board a vessel or boat; to put on
shipboard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To engage, enlist, or invest (as persons,
money, etc.) in any affair; as, he <i>embarked</i> his fortune in
trade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was the reputation of the sect upon which St. Paul
<i>embarked</i> his salvation.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bark"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To go on board a vessel or a boat for a voyage; as, the troops
<i>embarked</i> for Lisbon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To engage in any affair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Slow to <i>embark</i> in such an
undertaking.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em`bar*ka"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of putting or going on board of a
vessel; as, the <i>embarkation</i> of troops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is embarked; as, an
<i>embarkation</i> of Jesuits.</def>  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bark"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>embarquement</i>.] <def>Embarkation.</def> [R.]
<i>Middleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bar"rass</hw> (&ebreve;m*b&abreve;r"r<i>a</i>s), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Embarrassed</u> (-
r<i>a</i>st); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Embarrassing</u>.]
[F. <i>embarrasser</i> (cf. Sp. <i>embarazar</i>, Pg.
<i>embara&ccedil;ar</i>, Pr. <i>barras</i> bar); pref. <i>em-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + LL. <i>barra</i> bar. See <u>Bar</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hinder from freedom of thought, speech, or
action by something which impedes or confuses mental action; to
perplex; to discompose; to disconcert; as, laughter may
<i>embarrass</i> an orator.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hinder from liberty of movement; to
impede; to obstruct; as, business is <i>embarrassed</i>; public
affairs are <i>embarrassed</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To involve in difficulties
concerning money matters; to incumber with debt; to beset with urgent
claims or demands; -- said of a person or his affairs; as, a man or
his business is <i>embarrassed</i> when he can not meet his pecuniary
engagements.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hinder; perplex; entangle; confuse; puzzle;
disconcert; abash; distress. -- To <u>Embarrass</u>, <u>Puzzle</u>,
<u>Perplex</u>. We are <i>puzzled</i> when our faculties are confused
by something we do not understand. We are <i>perplexed</i> when our
feelings, as well as judgment, are so affected that we know not how
to decide or act. We are <i>embarrassed</i> when there is some
<i>bar</i> or hindrance upon us which impedes our powers of thought,
speech, or motion. A schoolboy is <i>puzzled</i> by a difficult sum;
a reasoner is <i>perplexed</i> by the subtleties of his opponent; a
youth is sometimes so <i>embarrassed</i> before strangers as to lose
his presence of mind.</p>

<p><hw>Em*bar"rass</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>embarras</i>.
See <u>Embarrass</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Embarrassment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bar"rass*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>embarrassement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state of being
embarrassed; perplexity; impediment to freedom of action;
entanglement; hindrance; confusion or discomposure of mind, as from
not knowing what to do or to say; disconcertedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>embarrassment</i> which inexperienced minds
have often to express themselves upon paper.</blockquote> <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>embarrassments</i> tom commerce growing out of
the late regulations.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Difficulty or perplexity arising from the
want of money to pay debts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*base"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i> +
<i>base</i>, a. or v. t.: cf. OF. <i>embaissier</i>.] <def>To bring
down or lower, as in position, value, etc.; to debase; to degrade; to
deteriorate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Embased</i> the valleys, and embossed the
hills.</blockquote> <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Alloy in coin of gold . . . may make the metal work
the better, but it <i>embaseth</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such pitiful embellishments of speech as serve for
nothing but to <i>embase</i> divinity.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*base"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Embase</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Act of bringing down;
depravation; deterioration.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"bas*sade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ambassade</i>. See <u>Embassy</u>.] <def>An embassy. See
<u>Ambassade</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bas"sa*dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ambassadeur</i>, Sp. <i>embajador</i>, LL. <i>ambassiator</i>,
<i>ambasciator</i>. See <u>Embassy</u>, and cf. <u>Ambassador</u>.]
<def>Same as <u>Ambassador</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stilbon, that was a wise <i>embassadour</i>,<BR>
Was sent to Corinth.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Myself my king's <i>embassador</i> will
go.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bas`sa*do"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ambassadorial</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Ambassadorial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bas"sa*dress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ambassadrice</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Ambassadress</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bas"sa*dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>ambassaderie</i>.] <def>Embassy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Leland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"bas*sage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An embassy.</def> "He sent a solemn
<i>embassage</i>."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Except your <i>embassages</i> have better
success.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Message; errand.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"bas*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Embassies</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>ambass&eacute;e</i>,
<i>embasc&eacute;e</i>, LL. <i>ambasciata</i>, fr. <i>ambasciare</i>
for <i>ambactiare</i> to go on a mission, fr. L. <i>ambactus</i>
vassal, dependent, of Celtic or German origin; cf. W. <i>amaeth</i>
husbandman, Goth. <i>andbahts</i> servant, G. <i>amt</i> office, OHG.
<i>ambaht</i>.  Cf. <u>Ambassador</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
public function of an ambassador; the charge or business intrusted to
an ambassador or to envoys; a public message to; foreign court
concerning state affairs; hence, any solemn message.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sends the angels on <i>embassies</i> with his
decrees.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The person or persons sent as ambassadors
or envoys; the ambassador and his suite; envoys.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The residence or office of an
ambassador.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Sometimes, but rarely, spelled <i>ambassy</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Em*bas"tard*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>em-</i> + <i>bastardize</i>.] <def>To bastardize.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*bathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
+ <i>bathe</i>.  Cf. <u>Imbathe</u>.] <def>To bathe; to
imbathe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bat"tail</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Embattle</u>.] <def>To furnish with battlements; to fortify as
with battlements.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>embattail</i> and to wall about thy cause<BR>
With iron-worded proof.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bat"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Embattled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Embattling</u> (?).] [OF. <i>embataillier</i>; pref.
<i>em-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + F. <i>bataille</i> battle. See
<u>Battle</u>, and cf. <u>Battlement</u>.] <def>To arrange in order
of battle; to array for battle; also, to prepare or arm for battle;
to equip as for battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One in bright arms <i>embattled</i> full
strong.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here once the <i>embattled</i> farmers stood<BR>
And fired the shot heard round the world.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bat"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be arrayed
for battle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*bat"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Battlement</u>.] <def>To furnish with battlements.</def>
"<i>Embattled</i> house."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bat"tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having indentations like a battlement.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having the edge broken like
battlements; -- said of a bearing such as a fess, bend, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having been the place of battle; as, an
<i>embattled</i> plain or field.</def>  <i>J. Baillie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bat"tle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An intended parapet; a battlement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fortifying of a building or a wall by
means of battlements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i> +
<i>bay</i> to bathe.] <def>To bathe; to soothe or lull as by
bathing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bay"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Embayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Embaying</u>.] [Pref. <i>em-</i> + 1st <i>bay</i>.] <def>To shut
in, or shelter, as in a bay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If that the Turkish fleet<BR>
Be not ensheltered and <i>embayed</i>, they are drowned.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bay"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bay.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>embayment</i> which is terminated by the land
of North Berwick.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*beam"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
brilliant with beams.</def> [R.]  <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Embedded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Embedding</u>.] [Pref. <i>em-</i> + <i>bed</i>.  Cf.
<u>Imbed</u>.] <def>To lay as in a bed; to lay in surrounding matter;
to bed; as, to <i>embed</i> a thing in clay, mortar, or
sand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bed"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
embedding, or the state of being embedded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bel"lish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Embellished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Embellishing</u>.] [OE. <i>embelisen</i>,
<i>embelisshen</i>, F. <i>embellir</i>; pref. <i>em-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + <i>bel</i>, <i>beau</i>, beautiful. See <u>Beauty</u>.]
<def>To make beautiful or elegant by ornaments; to decorate; to
adorn; as, to <i>embellish</i> a book with pictures, a garden with
shrubs and flowers, a narrative with striking anecdotes, or style
with metaphors.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To adorn; beautify; deck; bedeck; decorate;
garnish; enrich; ornament; illustrate. See <u>Adorn</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Em*bel"lish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
embellishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bel"lish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>embellissement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of adorning,
or the state of being adorned; adornment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the selection of their ground, as well as in the
<i>embellishment</i> of it.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which adds beauty or elegance;
ornament; decoration; as, pictorial <i>embellishments</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The graces and <i>embellishments</i> of the exterior
man.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>emmeres</i>,
<i>emeres</i>, AS. <i>&?;myrie</i>; akin to Icel. <i>eimyrja</i>,
Dan. <i>emmer</i>, MHG. <i>eimere</i>; cf. Icel. <i>eimr</i> vapor,
smoke.] <def>A lighted coal, smoldering amid ashes; -- used chiefly
in the plural, to signify mingled coals and ashes; the smoldering
remains of a fire.</def> "He rakes hot <i>embers</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He takes a lighted <i>ember</i> out of the covered
vessel.</blockquote> <i>Colebrooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"ber</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ymber</i>, AS.
<i>ymbren</i>, <i>ymbryne</i>, prop., running around, circuit;
<i>ymbe</i> around + <i>ryne</i> a running, fr. <i>rinnan</i> to run.
See <u>Amb-</u>, and <u>Run</u>.] <def>Making a circuit of the year
of the seasons; recurring in each quarter of the year; as,
<i>ember</i> fasts.</def></p>

<p><! p. 483 !></p>

<p><col><b>Ember days</b></col> <i>(R. C. &amp; Eng. Ch.)</i>, <cd>days
set apart for fasting and prayer in each of the four seasons of the
year. The Council of Placentia [<u>a. d.</u> 1095] appointed for
<i>ember days</i> the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday after the first
Sunday in Lent, Whitsuntide, the 14th of September, and the  13th of
December. The weeks in which these days fall are called <i>ember
weeks</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Em"ber-goose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Norw.
<i>embergaas</i>, <i>hav-imber</i>, <i>hav-immer</i>, Icel.
<i>himbrin</i>, <i>himbrimi</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The loon
or great northern diver. See <u>Loon</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>emmer-goose</i> and <i>imber-goose</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Em"ber*ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Ember
days.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Emberizidae</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>a natural subfamily
including buntings and some New World sparrows.</def><BR>
<b>Syn. --</b> subfamily <i>Emberizidae</i>, subfamily
<i>Emberizinae</i>.<BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><hw>Em*bet"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
better.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*bez"zle</hw> (&ebreve;m*b&ebreve;z"z'l), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Embezzled</u> (-
z'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Embezzling</u> (?).]
[Norm. F. <i>embeseiller</i> to destroy; cf. OF. <i>besillier</i> to
ill treat, ravage, destroy.  Cf. <u>Bezzle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To appropriate fraudulently to one's own use, as property
intrusted to one's care; to apply to one's private uses by a breach
of trust; as, to <i>embezzle</i> money held in trust.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To misappropriate; to waste; to dissipate
in extravagance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>embezzle</i> our money in drinking or
gaming.</blockquote> <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bez"zle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
fraudulent appropriation of property by a person to whom it has been
intrusted; as, the <i>embezzlement</i> by a clerk of his employer's
money; <i>embezzlement</i> of public funds by the public officer
having them in charge.</def></p>

<p>&fist;  <i>Larceny</i> denotes a taking, by fraud or stealth, from
another's possession; <i>embezzlement</i> denotes an appropriation,
by fraud or stealth, of property already in the wrongdoer's
possession. In England and in most of the United States
<i>embezzlement</i> is made indictable by statute.</p>

<p><hw>Em*bez"zler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
embezzles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bil"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To swell or
heave like a wave of the sea.</def> [R.]  <i>Lisle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em`bi*ot"o*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Embiotoca</i>, the name of one genus + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to, or resembling, the
<i>Embiotocid&aelig;</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a
family of fishes (<i>Embiotocid&aelig;</i>) abundant on the coast of
California, remarkable for being viviparous; -- also called <i>surf
fishes</i> and <i>viviparous fishes</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> in
Append.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
bitter or sad. See <u>Imbitter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bit"ter*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
embittering; also, that which embitters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*blanch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
+ 1st <i>blanch</i>.] <def>To whiten. See <u>Blanch</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Heylin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*blaze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Emblazed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Emblazing</u>.] [Pref. <i>em-</i> + 1st <i>blaze</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with glittering
embellishments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No weeping orphan saw his father's stores<BR>
Our shrines irradiate, or <i>emblaze</i> the floors.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To paint or adorn with armorial figures;
to blazon, or emblazon.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The imperial ensign, . . . streaming to the wind,<BR>
With gems and golden luster rich <i>emblazed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bla"zon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Emblazoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Emblazoning</u>.] [Pref. <i>em-</i> + <i>blazon</i>.
Cf. <u>Emblaze</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To depict or represent;
-- said of heraldic bearings. See <u>Blazon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deck in glaring colors; to set off
conspicuously; to display pompously; to decorate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The walls were . . . <i>emblazoned</i> with legends in
commemoration of the illustrious pair.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bla"zon*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
emblazons; also, one who publishes and displays anything with
pomp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bla"zon*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or art
of heraldic decoration; delineation of armorial bearings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bla"zon*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
emblazoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bla"zon*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Emblazonries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The act or art of an
emblazoner; heraldic or ornamental decoration, as pictures or figures
on shields, standards, etc.; emblazonment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thine ancient standard's rich
<i>emblazonry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"blem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>embl&egrave;me</i>, L. <i>emblema</i>, <i>-atis</i>, that which is
put in or on, inlaid work, fr. Gr. &?; a thing put in or on, fr. &?;
to throw, lay, put in; &?;  in + &?; to throw. See <u>In</u>, and
<u>Parable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inlay; inlaid or mosaic
work; something ornamental inserted in a surface.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A visible sign of an idea; an object, or
the figure of an object, symbolizing and suggesting another object,
or an idea, by natural aptness or by association; a figurative
representation; a typical designation; a symbol; as, a balance is an
<i>emblem</i> of justice; a scepter, the <i>emblem</i> of sovereignty
or power; a circle, the <i>emblem</i> of eternity.</def> "His
cicatrice, an <i>emblem</i> of war, here on his sinister cheek."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A picture accompanied with a motto, a set
of verse, or the like, intended as a moral lesson or
meditation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Writers and artists of the 17th century gave much attention
and study to the composition of such <i>emblems</i>, and many
collections of them were published.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sign; symbol; type; device; signal; token.  --
<u>Sign</u>, <u>Emblem</u>, <u>Symbol</u>, <u>Type</u>. <i>Sign</i>
is the generic word comprehending all significant representations. An
<i>emblem</i> is a visible object representing another by a natural
suggestion of characteristic qualities, or an habitual and recognized
association; as, a circle, having no apparent beginning or end, is an
<i>emblem</i> of eternity; a particular flag is the <i>emblem</i> of
the country or ship which has adopted it for a sign and with which it
is habitually associated. Between <i>emblem</i> and <i>symbol</i> the
distinction is slight, and often one may be substituted for the other
without impropriety. See <u>Symbol</u>. Thus, a circle is either an
<i>emblem</i> or a <i>symbol</i> of eternity; a scepter, either an
<i>emblem</i> or a <i>symbol</i> of authority; a lamb, either an
<i>emblem</i> or a <i>symbol</i> of meekness. "An <i>emblem</i> is
always of something simple; a <i>symbol</i> may be of something
complex, as of a transaction . . . In consequence we do not speak of
actions <i>emblematic</i>." <i>C. J. Smith.</i>  A <i>type</i> is a
representative example, or model, exhibiting the qualities common to
all individuals of the class to which it belongs; as, the Monitor is
a <i>type</i> of a class of war vessels.</p>

<p><hw>Em"blem</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Emblemed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Embleming</u>.] <def>To represent by an emblem; to
symbolize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Emblemed</i> by the cozening fig tree.</blockquote>
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Em`blem*at"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Em`blem*at"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>embl&eacute;matique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to, containing, or consisting in, an emblem;
symbolic; typically representative; representing as an emblem; as,
<i>emblematic</i> language or ornaments; a crown is <i>emblematic</i>
of royalty; white is <i>emblematic</i> of purity.</def> --
<wf>Em`blem*at"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Em`blem*at"ic*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render emblematic; as, to <i>emblematicize</i> a picture.</def> [R.]
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*blem"a*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer or
inventor of emblems.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*blem"a*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Emblematized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Emblematizing</u> (?).] <def>To represent by, or as
by, an emblem; to symbolize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anciently the sun was commonly <i>emblematized</i> by
a starry or radiate figure.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"ble*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>embleer</i>
to sow with corn, F. <i>emblaver</i>, fr. LL. <i>imbladare</i>; pref.
<i>in-</i> + LL. <i>bladum</i> grain, F. <i>bl&eacute;</i>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The growing crop, or profits of a crop which has
been sown or planted; -- used especially in the plural. The produce
of grass, trees, and the like, is not emblement.</def>  <i>Wharton's
Law Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"blem*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Emblemized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Emblemizing</u> (?).] <def>To represent by an emblem;
to emblematize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*bloom"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
emblossom.</def>  <i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*blos"som</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover or
adorn with blossoms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the white <i>emblossomed</i> spray.</blockquote>
<i>J. Cunningham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bod"i*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
embodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bod"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of embodying; the state of being
embodied.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which embodies or is embodied;
representation in a physical body; a completely organized system,
like the body; as, the <i>embodiment</i> of courage, or of courtesy;
the <i>embodiment</i> of true piety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bod"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Embodied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Embodying</u>.] <def>To form into a body; to invest with a body;
to collect into a body, a united mass, or a whole; to incorporate;
as, to <i>embody</i> one's ideas in a treatise.</def> [Written also
<i>imbody</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Devils <i>embodied</i> and disembodied.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul, while it is <i>embodied</i>, can no more be
divided from sin.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bod"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To unite in a
body, a mass, or a collection; to coalesce.</def> [Written also
<i>imbody</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Firmly to <i>embody</i> against this court
party.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bogue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Disembogue</u>.] <def>To disembogue; to discharge, as a river, its
waters into the sea or another river.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*bo"guing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mouth of a
river, or place where its waters are discharged.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*boil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To boil with
anger; to effervesce.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*boil"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to boil
with anger; to irritate; to chafe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Em`bo&icirc;te"ment`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>embo&icirc;ter</i> to fit in, insert; <i>en</i> in +
<i>bo&icirc;te</i> box.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The hypothesis that all
living things proceed from pre&euml;xisting germs, and that these
encase the germs of all future living things, inclosed one within
another.</def>  <i>Buffon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bold"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Emboldened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Emboldening</u> (?).] <def>To give boldness or
courage to; to encourage.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The self-conceit which <i>emboldened</i> him to
undertake this dangerous office.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bold"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
emboldens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;  to throw
in. See <u>Embolism</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Embolismic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to an embolism;
produced by an embolism; as, an <i>embolic</i> abscess.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Pushing or growing in; --
said of a kind of invagination. See under
<u>Invagination</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"bo*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>embolismus</i>, from Gr. &?; to throw or put in, insert; cf. &?;
intercalated: cf. F. <i>embolisme</i>. See <u>Emblem</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Intercalation; the insertion of days, months,
or years, in an account of time, to produce regularity; as, the
<i>embolism</i> of a lunar month in the Greek year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intercalated time.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The occlusion of a blood
vessel by an embolus. Embolism in the brain often produces sudden
unconsciousness and paralysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`bo*lis"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to embolism; intercalary; as, <i>embolismal</i> months.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Em`bo*lis*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Em`bo*lis*mat"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Embolismic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Em`bo*lis"mic</hw> (?), <hw>Em`bo*lis"mic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>embolismique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to
embolism or intercalation; intercalated; as, an <i>embolismic</i>
year, <i>i. e.</i>, the year in which there is
intercalation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"bo*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?;
something thrown in between.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral consisting
of both the chloride and the bromide of silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"bo*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Emboli</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?; pointed so as to be
put or thrust in, fr. &?; to throw, thrust, or put in. See
<u>Emblem</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something inserted, as a
wedge; the piston or sucker of a pump or syringe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A plug of some substance
lodged in a blood vessel, being brought thither by the blood current.
It consists most frequently of a clot of fibrin, a detached shred of
a morbid growth, a globule of fat, or a microscopic
organism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"bo*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a putting
into.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Embolic invagination. See under
<u>Invagination</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Em`bon`point"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>en
bon point</i> in good condition. See <u>Bon</u>, and <u>Point</u>.]
<def>Plumpness of person; -- said especially of persons somewhat
corpulent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bor"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
(L. <i>in</i>) + <i>border</i>: cf. OF. <i>emborder</i>.] <def>To
furnish or adorn with a border; to imborder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bos"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>imbosom</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take into, or place in,
the bosom; to cherish; to foster.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Glad to <i>embosom</i> his affection.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inclose or surround; to shelter
closely; to place in the midst of something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His house <i>embosomed</i> in the grove.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some tender flower . . . .<BR>
<i>Embosomed</i> in the greenest glade.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*boss"</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Embossed</u> (?; 115); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Embossing</u>.] [Pref. <i>em-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) +
<i>boss</i>: cf. OF. <i>embosser</i> to swell in bunches.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To raise the surface of into bosses or
protuberances; particularly, to ornament with raised work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Botches and blains must all his flesh
<i>emboss</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise in relief from a surface, as an
ornament, a head on a coin, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then o'er the lofty gate his art <i>embossed</i><BR>
Androgeo's death.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Exhibiting flowers in their natural color
<i>embossed</i> upon a purple ground.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*boss"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymology uncertain.]
<def>To make to foam at the mouth, like a hunted animal.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*boss"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Pr. &amp; Sp.
<i>emboscar</i>, It. <i>imboscare</i>, F. <i>embusquer</i>, and E.
<i>imbosk</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hide or conceal in a
thicket; to imbosk; to inclose, shelter, or shroud in a wood.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the Arabian woods <i>embossed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To surround; to ensheath; to immerse; to
beset.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A knight her met in mighty arms
<i>embossed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*boss"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To seek the bushy
forest; to hide in the woods.</def> [Obs.]  <i>S. Butler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bossed"</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formed or covered with bosses or raised
figures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a part projecting like the boss of
a shield.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Swollen; protuberant.</def> [Obs.] "An
<i>embossed</i> carbuncle."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*boss"er</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
embosses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*boss"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of forming bosses or raised figures, or the state of
being so formed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bosslike prominence; figure in relief;
raised work; jut; protuberance; esp., a combination of raised
surfaces having a decorative effect.</def> "The <i>embossment</i> of
the figure."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bot"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
bottle.</def> [R.]  <i>Phillips.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Em`bou`chure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>emboucher</i> to put to the mouth; pref. <i>em-</i> (L. <i>in</i>)
+ <i>bouche</i> the mouth.  Cf. <u>Embouge</u>, <u>Debouch</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The mouth of a river; also, the mouth of a
cannon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
mouthpiece of a wind instrument.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
shaping of the lips to the mouthpiece; as, a flute player has a good
<i>embouchure</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bend like a
bow; to curve.</def> "<i>Embowed</i> arches." [Obs. or R.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With gilded horns <i>embowed</i> like the
moon.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bow"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Emboweled</u> (?) or <u>Embowelled</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Emboweling</u> or <u>Embowelling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To disembowel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The barbarous practice of
<i>emboweling</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The boar . . . makes his trough<BR>
In your <i>emboweled</i> bosoms.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Disembowel</i> is the preferable word in this sense.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To imbed; to hide in the inward parts; to
bury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or deep <i>emboweled</i> in the earth
entire.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bow"el*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes
out the bowels.</def> [Written also <i>emboweller</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*bow"el*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disembowelment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover with
a bower; to shelter with trees.</def> [Written also <i>imbower</i>.]
[Poetic] <i>Milton.</i> -- <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lodge or
rest in a bower.</def> [Poetic] "In their wide boughs
<i>embow'ring.</i> "  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bowl"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form like a
bowl; to give a globular shape to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*box"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose, as
in a box; to imbox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*boysse"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Embushment</u>.] <def>An ambush.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*brace"</hw> (&ebreve;m*br&amacr;s"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i> (intens.) + <i>brace</i>, v. t.]
<def>To fasten on, as armor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*brace"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Embraced</u> (-br&amacr;st"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Embracing</u> (-br&amacr;"s&ibreve;ng).] [OE.
<i>embracier</i>, F. <i>embrasser</i>; pref. <i>em-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + F. <i>bras</i> arm. See <u>Brace</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To clasp in the arms
with affection; to take in the arms; to hug.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>embrace</i> him with a soldier's arm,<BR>
That he shall shrink under my courtesy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Paul called unto him the disciples, and
<i>embraced</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Acts xx. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cling to; to cherish; to love.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To seize eagerly, or with alacrity; to
accept with cordiality; to welcome.</def> "I <i>embrace</i> these
conditions."  "You <i>embrace</i> the occasion."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What is there that he may not <i>embrace</i> for
truth?</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To encircle; to encompass; to
inclose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Low at his feet a spacious plain is placed,<BR>
Between the mountain and the stream <i>embraced</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To include as parts of a whole; to
comprehend; to take in; as, natural philosophy <i>embraces</i> many
sciences.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not that my song, in such a scanty space,<BR>
So large a subject fully can <i>embrace</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 484 !></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To accept; to undergo; to submit to.</def>
"I <i>embrace</i> this fortune patiently."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To attempt to influence
corruptly, as a jury or court.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To clasp; hug; inclose; encompass; include;
comprise; comprehend; contain; involve; imply.</p>

<p><hw>Em*brace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To join in an
embrace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*brace"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Intimate or close
encircling with the arms; pressure to the bosom; clasp;
hug.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We stood tranced in long <i>embraces</i>,<BR>
Mixed with kisses.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*brace"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>embrassement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A clasp in the arms;
embrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dear though chaste <i>embracements</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State of being contained; inclosure.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>embracement</i> of the parts hardly
reparable, as bones.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Willing acceptance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A ready <i>embracement</i> of . . . his
kindness.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*brace"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One guilty of embracery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bra"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
embraces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bra"cer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>An attempt to influence a court, jury, etc., corruptly, by
promises, entreaties, money, entertainments, threats, or other
improper inducements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bra"cive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to
embrace; fond of caressing.</def> [R.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*braid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
(L. <i>in</i>) + 1st <i>braid</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To braid
up, as hair.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To upbraid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*branch"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>embranchement</i>.] <def>The branching forth, as of
trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*bran"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-
</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>brangle</i>.] <def>To confuse; to
entangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am lost and <i>embrangled</i> in inextricable
difficulties.</blockquote> <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bra"sure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Embrace</u>.] <def>An embrace.</def> [Obs.] "Our locked
<i>embrasures</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bra"sure</hw> (277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>embraser</i>, perh. equiv.  to <i>&eacute;braser</i> to widen an
opening; of unknown origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
splay of a door or window.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Apart, in the twilight gloom of a window's
<i>embrasure</i>,<BR>
Sat the lovers.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>An aperture with slant
sides in a wall or parapet, through which cannon are pointed and
discharged; a crenelle. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Casemate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*brave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To inspire with bravery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To decorate; to make showy and fine.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And with sad cypress seemly it
<i>embraves</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*brawn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
harden.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It will <i>embrawn</i> and iron-crust his
flesh.</blockquote> <i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bread"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
(L. <i>in</i>) + <i>bread</i> = 1st <i>braid</i>.] <def>To
braid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*breathe"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
breathing in; inspiration.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The special and immediate suggestion,
<i>embreathement</i>, and dictation of the Holy Ghost.</blockquote>
<i>W. Lee.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*brew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To imbrue; to
stain with blood.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bright"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
brighten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em"bro*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Embrocated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Embrocating</u>.] [NL. <i>embrocatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>embrocare</i>; cf. Gr. &?; lotion, fomentation, fr. &?; to foment;
&?; in + &?; to wet.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To moisten and rub (a
diseased part) with a liquid substance, as with spirit, oil, etc., by
means of a cloth or sponge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`bro*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>embrocatio</i>: cf. F. <i>embrocation</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of moistening and rubbing a diseased
part with spirit, oil, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The liquid
or lotion with which an affected part is rubbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*brogl"io</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Imbroglio</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*broid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Embroidered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Embroidering</u>.] [OE. <i>embrouden</i>. See
<u>Broider</u>.] <def>To ornament with needlework; as, to
<i>embroider</i> a scarf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt <i>embroider</i> the coat of fine
linen.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxviii. 39.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*broid"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
embroiders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*broid"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Embroideries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Needlework used to enrich textile fabrics, leather, etc.; also,
the art of embroidering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Diversified ornaments, especially by
contrasted figures and colors; variegated decoration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fields in spring's <i>embroidery</i> are
dressed.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A mere rhetorical <i>embroidery</i> of
phrases.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*broil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Embroiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Embroiling</u>.] [F. <i>embrouiller</i>; pref. <i>em-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + <i>brouiller</i>. See 1st <u>Broil</u>, and cf.
<u>Imbroglio</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw into confusion or
commotion by contention or discord; to entangle in a broil or
quarrel; to make confused; to distract; to involve in difficulties by
dissension or strife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The royal house <i>embroiled</i> in civil
war.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To implicate in confusion; to complicate;
to jumble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Christian antiquities at Rome . . . are so
<i>embroiled</i> with &?;able and legend.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To perplex; entangle; distract; disturb; disorder;
trouble; implicate; commingle.</p>

<p><hw>Em*broil"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Embroilment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*broil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
embroils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*broil"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>embrouillement</i>.] <def>The act of embroiling, or the condition
of being embroiled; entanglement in a broil.</def>  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bronze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To embody in bronze; to set up a bronze
representation of, as of a person.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To color in imitation of bronze. See
<u>Bronze</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Em*broth"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose
in a brothel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Em*broud"e</hw> (?), <hw>Em*browd"e</hw>,
<hw>Em*broyd"e</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To embroider;
to adorn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Embrowded</i> was he, as it were a mead<BR>
All full of fresshe flowers, white and red.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*brown"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
(L. <i>in</i>) + <i>brown</i>.] <def>To give a brown color to; to
imbrown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Summer suns <i>embrown</i> the laboring
swain.</blockquote> <i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*brue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Imbrue</u>, <u>Embrew</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*brute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
(L. <i>in</i>) + <i>brute</i>.  Cf. <u>Imbrute</u>.] <def>To brutify;
to imbrute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the man <i>embruted</i> in the swine.</blockquote>
<i>Cawthorn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"bry*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Embryos</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>embryon</i>, Gr.
<grk>'e`mbryon</grk>, perh. fr. &?; in (akin to L. &?; E. <i>in</i>)
+ &?; to be full of, swell with; perh. akin to E. <i>brew</i>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The first rudiments of an organism, whether
animal or plant</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The young of an
animal in the womb, or more specifically, before its parts are
developed and it becomes a fetus (see <u>Fetus</u>).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The germ of the plant, which is inclosed in
the seed and which is developed by germination.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In embryo</b></col>, <cd>in an incipient or undeveloped
state; in conception, but not yet executed.</cd> "The company little
suspected what a noble work I had then <i>in embryo</i>."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"bry*o</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to an
embryo; rudimentary; undeveloped; as, an <i>embryo</i> bud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`bry*o*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the development of an embryo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`bry*og"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`mbryon</grk>  an embryo + root of &?; to produce: cf. F.
<i>embryog&eacute;nie</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The production and
development of an embryo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`bry*og"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`mbryon</grk> an embryo + <grk>gonh`</grk> generation.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The formation of an embryo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`bry*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`mbryon</grk> an embryo + <i>-graphy</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The general description of embryos.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Em`bry*o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Em`bry*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
embryology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`bry*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in embryology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`bry*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`mbryon</grk> an embryo + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F.
<i>embryologie</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The science which relates to
the formation and development of the embryo in animals and plants; a
study of the gradual development of the ovum until it reaches the
adult stage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"bry*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See
<u>Embryo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"bry*o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to an embryo, or the initial state of any organ;
embryonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"bry*o*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Embryonic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Em"bry*o*nate</hw> (?), <hw>Em"bry*o*na`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>In the state of, or having,
an embryonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`bry*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to an embryo; embryonal; rudimentary.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Embryonic</b></col> <col><b>sac or vesicle</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the vesicle within which the embryo is developed
in the ovule; -- sometimes called also <i>amnios sac</i>, and
<i>embryonal sac</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Em`bry*o*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Embryo</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having an
embryo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`bry*on"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Embryo</i>
+ <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Like an embryo in
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`bry*o*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Embryo</i> + <i>plastic</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Relating to, or
aiding in, the formation of an embryo; as, <i>embryoplastic</i>
cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"bry*o sac`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Embryonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`bry*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Embryonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`bry*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`mbryon</grk> an embryo + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut: cf. F.
<i>embryotomie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The cutting a fetus into
pieces within the womb, so as to effect its removal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"bry*o*troph`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`mbryon</grk> an embryo + <grk>trofh`</grk> nourishment.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The material from which an embryo is formed and
nourished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"bry*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Embryonic;
undeveloped.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*bulk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enlarge in
the way of bulk.</def> [R.]  <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*burse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Imburse</u>.] <def>To furnish with money; to imburse.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*bush"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Ambush</u>,
<u>Imbosk</u>.] <def>To place or hide in a thicket; to ambush.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*bush"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>embusshement</i>, OF. <i>embuschement</i>, F.
<i>emb&ucirc;chement</i>.] <def>An ambush.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*bus"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
employ.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Eame</u>.] <def>An
uncle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*meer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Emir</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*men"a*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Emmenagogue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Emended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Emending</u>.] [L. <i>emendare</i>; <i>e</i> out + <i>menda</i>,
<i>mendum</i>, fault, blemish: cf. F. <i>&eacute;mender</i>.  Cf.
<u>Amend</u>, <u>Mend</u>.] <def>To purge of faults; to make better;
to correct; esp., to make corrections in (a literary work); to alter
for the better by textual criticism, generally verbal.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To amend; correct; improve; better; reform;
rectify. See <u>Amend</u>.</p>

<p><hw>E*mend"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emendabilis</i>.  Cf. <u>Amendable</u>.] <def>Corrigible;
amendable.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"en*date*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
fault; correctly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em`en*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emendatio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;mendation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of altering for the better, or
correcting what is erroneous or faulty; correction;
improvement.</def> "He lies in his sin without repentance or
<i>emendation</i>."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Alteration by editorial criticism, as of a
text so as to give a better reading; removal of errors or corruptions
from a document; as, the book might be improved by judicious
<i>emendations</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"en*da`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
emends or critically edits.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mend"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emendatorius</i>.] <def>Pertaining to emendation;
corrective.</def> "<i>Emendatory</i> criticism." <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
emends.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*men"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emendicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>emendicare</i> to obtain by begging.
See <u>Mendicate</u>.] <def>To beg.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"er*ald</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>emeraude</i>,
OF. <i>esmeraude</i>, <i>esmeralde</i>, F. <i>&eacute;meraude</i>, L.
<i>smaragdus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; cf. &?;kr. <i>marakata</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A precious stone of a rich
green color, a variety of beryl. See <u>Beryl</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A kind of type, in size
between minion and nonpare&?;l. It is used by English
printers.</def></p>

<p> &fist; This line is printed in the type called
<i>emerald</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Em"er*ald</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a rich green
color, like that of the emerald.</def> "<i>Emerald</i> meadows."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Emerald fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fish of
the Gulf of Mexico (<i>Gobionellus oceanicus</i>), remarkable for the
brilliant green and blue color of the base of the tongue; -- whence
the name; -- called also <i>esmeralda</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Emerald
green</b></col>, <cd>a very durable pigment, of a vivid light green
color, made from the arseniate of copper; green bice; Scheele's
green; -- also used adjectively; as, <i>emerald green</i>
crystals.</cd> -- <col><b>Emerald Isle</b></col>, <cd>a name given to
Ireland on account of the brightness of its verdure.</cd> --
<col><b>Emerald spodumene</b></col>, or <col><b>Lithia
emerald</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See <u>Hiddenite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Emerald nickel</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Zaratite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Em"er*ald*ine</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A green
compound used as a dyestuff, produced from aniline blue when acted
upon by acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"er*aud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Emerald</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>An emerald.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*merge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Emerged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Emerging</u> (?).] [L. <i>emergere</i>, <i>emersum</i>; <i>e</i>
out + <i>mergere</i> to dip, plunge. See <u>Merge</u>.] <def>To rise
out of a fluid; to come forth from that in which anything has been
plunged, enveloped, or concealed; to issue and appear; as, to
<i>emerge</i> from the water or the ocean; the sun <i>emerges</i>
from behind the moon in an eclipse; to <i>emerge</i> from poverty or
obscurity.</def> "Thetis . . . <i>emerging</i> from the deep."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who have <i>emerged</i> from very low, some from
the lowest, classes of society.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mer"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Emergences</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The act of rising out of a
fluid, or coming forth from envelopment or concealment, or of rising
into view; sudden uprisal or appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The white color of all refracted light, at its very
first <i>emergence</i> . . . is compounded of various
colors.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When from the deep thy bright <i>emergence</i>
sprung.</blockquote> <i>H. Brooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mer"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Emergencies</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Emergence</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sudden or unexpected appearance; an
unforeseen occurrence; a sudden occasion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most our rarities have been found out by casual
<i>emergency</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unforeseen occurrence or combination of
circumstances which calls for immediate action or remedy; pressing
necessity; exigency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To whom she might her doubts propose,<BR>
On all <i>emergencies</i> that rose.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A safe counselor in most difficult
<i>emergencies</i>.</blockquote> <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Crisis; conjuncture; exigency; pinch; strait;
necessity.</p>

<p><hw>E*mer"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>emergens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>emergere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rising or
emerging out of a fluid or anything that covers or conceals; issuing;
coming to light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mountains huge appear
<i>emergent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suddenly appearing; arising unexpectedly;
calling for prompt action; urgent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Protection granted in <i>emergent</i>
danger.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Emergent year</b></col> <i>(Chron.)</i>, <cd>the epoch or
date from which any people begin to compute their time or dates; as,
the <i>emergent year</i> of Christendom is that of the birth of
Christ; the <i>emergent year</i> of the United States is that of the
declaration of their independence.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>E*mer"gent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>E*mer"gent*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Em"er*il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Emery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A glazier's diamond.</def>
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"er*it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Emeritus</u>.] <def>Considered as having done sufficient public
service, and therefore honorably discharged.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>||E*mer"i*tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., having
served out his time, p. p. of <i>emerere</i>, <i>emereri</i>, to
obtain by service, serve out one's term; <i>e</i> out +
<i>merere</i>, <i>mereri</i>, to merit, earn, serve.] <def>Honorably
discharged from the performance of public duty on account of age,
infirmity, or long and faithful services; -- said of an officer of a
college or pastor of a church.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*mer"i*tus</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Emeriti</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A veteran who has honorably
completed his service.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Em"er*ods</hw> (?), <hw>Em"er*oids</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [OF. <i>emmeroides</i>. See <u>Hemorrhoids</u>.]
<def>Hemorrhoids; piles; tumors; boils.</def> [R.]  <i>Deut. xxviii.
27.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mersed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>emersus</i>,
p. p. See <u>Emerge</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Standing out of, or
rising above, water.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mer"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;mersion</i>. See <u>Emerge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of emerging, or of rising out of anything; as,
<i>emersion</i> from the sea; <i>emersion</i> from obscurity or
difficulties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their immersion into water and their <i>emersion</i>
out of the same.</blockquote> <i>Knatchbull.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The reappearance of a
heavenly body after an eclipse or occultation; as, the
<i>emersion</i> of the moon from the shadow of the earth; the
<i>emersion</i> of a star from behind the moon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;meri</i>, earlier <i>&eacute;meril</i>, It.
<i>smeriglio</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, &?;, cf. &?; to wipe; perh. akin
to E. <i>smear</i>.  Cf. <u>Emeril</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Corundum
in the form of grains or powder, used in the arts for grinding and
polishing hard substances. Native emery is mixed with more or less
magnetic iron. See the Note under <u>Corundum</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Emery board</b></col>, <cd>cardboard pulp mixed with emery
and molded into convenient.</cd> -- <col><b>Emery cloth</b></col> or
<col><b>paper</b></col>, <cd>cloth or paper on which the powder of
emery is spread and glued for scouring and polishing.</cd> --
<col><b>Emery wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel containing emery, or
having a surface of emery. In machine shops, it is sometimes called a
<i>buff wheel</i>, and by the manufacturers of cutlery, a
<i>glazer</i>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 485 !></p>

<p><hw>||Em"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.
See <u>Emetic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A vomiting.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*met"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>emeticus</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to vomit, akin to L. <i>vomere</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;m&eacute;tique</i>. See <u>Vomit</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inducing to vomit; exciting the stomach to discharge its
contents by the mouth.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine
which causes vomiting.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*met"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inducing to
vomit; producing vomiting; emetic.</def> -- <wf>E*met"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Em"e*tine</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Emetic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline bitter
alkaloid extracted from ipecacuanha root, and regarded as its
peculiar emetic principle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`e*to-ca*thar"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
vomiting + E. <i>cathartic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing
vomiting and purging at the same time.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E"meu</hw>, or <hw>E"mew</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Emu</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`meute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
seditious tumult; an outbreak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*forth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [AS. <i>em-</i>,
<i>emn-</i>, in comp. equiv. to <i>efen</i> equal + <i>for&eth;</i>
forth.] <def>According to; conformably to.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Emforth my might</b></col>, <cd>so far as lies in my
power.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Em*gal"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
[Native name.] <def>The South African wart hog. See <u>Wart
hog</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"i*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>emicans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>emicare</i>. See <u>Emication</u>.] <def>Beaming forth;
flashing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which <i>emicant</i> did this and that way
dart.</blockquote> <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emicatio</i>, fr. <i>emicare</i> to spring out or forth; <i>e</i>
out + <i>micare</i> to move quickly to and fro, to sparkle.] <def>A
flying off in small particles, as heated iron or fermenting liquors;
a sparkling; scintillation.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>e</i> out +
<i>mingere</i>, <i>mictum</i>, to make water.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The voiding of urine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>What is voided by the urinary passages;
urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mic"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Diuretic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"i*grant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>emigrans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>emigrare</i> to emigrate: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;migrant</i>. See <u>Emigrate</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Removing from one country to another;
emigrating; as, an <i>emigrant</i> company or nation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to an emigrant; used for
emigrants; as, an <i>emigrant</i> ship or hospital.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"i*grant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who emigrates,
or quits one country or region to settle in another.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Emigrant</u>, <u>Immigrant</u>. <i>Emigrant</i>
and <i>emigration</i> have reference to the country <i>from</i> which
the migration is made; the correlative words <i>immigrant</i> and
<i>immigration</i> have reference to the country <i>into</i> which
the migration is made, the former marking the <i>going out from</i> a
country, the latter the <i>coming into</i> it.</p>

<p><hw>Em"i*grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Emigrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Emigrating</u>.] [L. <i>emigratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>emigrare</i> to remove, emigrate; <i>e</i> out + <i>migrare</i> to
migrate. See <u>Migrate</u>.] <def>To remove from one country or
State to another, for the purpose of residence; to migrate from
home.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forced to <i>emigrate</i> in a body to
America.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They [the Huns] were <i>emigrating</i> from Tartary
into Europe in the time of the Goths.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"i*grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Migratory;
roving.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em`i*gra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emigratio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;migration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of emigrating; removal from one
country or state to another, for the purpose of residence, as from
Europe to America, or, in America, from the Atlantic States to the
Western.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body emigrants; emigrants collectively;
as, the German <i>emigration</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`i*gra"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to emigration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`i*gra"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate
or promoter of emigration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"i*gra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
emigrates; am emigrant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`mi`gr&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
emigrant.] <def>One of the natives of France who were opposed to the
first Revolution, and who left their country in
consequence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"i*nence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eminentia</i>, fr. <i>eminens</i> eminent: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;minence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is
eminent or lofty; a high ground or place; a height.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without either <i>eminences</i> or
cavities.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The temple of honor ought to be seated on an
<i>eminence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An elevated condition among men; a place
or station above men in general, either in rank, office, or
celebrity; social or moral loftiness; high rank; distinction;
preferment.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You 've too a woman's heart, which ever yet<BR>
Affected <i>eminence</i>, wealth, sovereignty.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A title of honor, especially applied to a
cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"i*nen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Eminences</b></plw> (&?;). <def>State of being eminent;
eminence.</def> "<i>Eminency</i> of estate."  <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"i*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>eminens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>eminere</i> to stand out, be prominent;
<i>e</i> out + <i>minere</i> (in comp.) to project; of uncertain
origin: cf. F. <i>&eacute;minent</i>.  Cf. <u>Menace</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>High; lofty; towering; prominent.</def> "A
very <i>eminent</i> promontory."  <i>Evelyn</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being, metaphorically, above others,
whether by birth, high station, merit, or virtue; high in public
estimation; distinguished; conspicuous; as, an <i>eminent</i>
station; an <i>eminent</i> historian, statements, statesman, or
saint.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Right of eminent domain</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Domain</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lofty; elevated; exalted; conspicuous; prominent;
remarkable; distinguished; illustrious; famous; celebrated; renowned;
well-known. See <u>Distinguished</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Em"i*nent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an eminent
manner; in a high degree; conspicuously; as, to be <i>eminently</i>
learned.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E"mir</hw> (?), <hw>E*meer"</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Ar. <i>em&imacr;r</i>, <i>am&imacr;r</i>, commander: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;mir</i>.  Cf. <u>Admiral</u>, <u>Ameer</u>.] <def>An
Arabian military commander, independent chieftain, or ruler of a
province; also, an honorary title given to the descendants of
Mohammed, in the line of his daughter Fatima; among the Turks,
likewise, a title of dignity, given to certain high
officials.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E`mir*ship</hw>, <hw>E*meer"ship</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rank or office of an Emir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"is*sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Emissaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>emissarius</i>, fr.
<i>emittere</i>, <i>emissum</i>, to send out: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;missaire</i>. See <u>Emit</u>.] <def>An agent employed to
advance, in a covert manner, the interests of his employers; one sent
out by any power that is at war with another, to create
dissatisfaction among the people of the latter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Buzzing <i>emissaries</i> fill the ears<BR>
Of listening crowds with jealousies and fears.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Emissary</u>, <u>Spy</u>.  A <i>spy</i> is one
who enters an enemy's camp or territories to learn the condition of
the enemy; an <i>emissary</i> may be a secret agent appointed not
only to detect the schemes of an opposing party, but to influence
their councils. A <i>spy</i> must be concealed, or he suffers death;
an <i>emissary</i> may in some cases be known as the agent of an
adversary without incurring similar hazard.</p>

<p><hw>Em"is*sa*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exploring; spying.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Applied to the veins which
pass out of the cranium through apertures in its walls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"is*sa*ry*ship`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
of an emissary.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>emissio</i>:
cf. F. <i>&eacute;mission</i>. See <u>Emit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of sending or throwing out; the act of sending forth or
putting into circulation; issue; as, the <i>emission</i> of light
from the sun; the <i>emission</i> of heat from a fire; the
<i>emission</i> of bank notes.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is sent out, issued, or put in
circulation at one time; issue; as, the <i>emission</i> was mostly
blood.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Emission theory</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the theory
of Newton, regarding light as consisting of <i>emitted</i> particles
or corpuscles. See <i>Corpuscular theory</i>, under
<u>Corpuscular</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Em`is*si"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emissitius</i>, fr. <i>emittere</i>.] <def>Looking, or narrowly
examining; prying.</def> [Obs.] "Those <i>emissitious</i> eyes."
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mis"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sending out;
emitting; as, <i>emissive</i> powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`is*siv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tendency to
emission; comparative facility of emission, or rate at which emission
takes place, as of heat from the surface of a heated body.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mis"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Emissary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Emitted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Emitting</u>.] [L. <i>emittere</i> to send out; <i>e</i> out +
<i>mittere</i> to send. See <u>Mission</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To send forth; to throw or give out; to cause to issue; to give
vent to; to eject; to discharge; as, fire <i>emits</i> heat and
smoke; boiling water <i>emits</i> steam; the sun <i>emits</i>
light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest, wrathful, the far-shooting god <i>emit</i><BR>
His fatal arrows.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To issue forth, as an order or decree; to
print and send into circulation, as notes or bills of
credit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No State shall . . . <i>emit</i> bills of
credit.</blockquote> <i>Const. of the U. S.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mit"tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>emittens</i>,
p. pr. <i>emittere</i>.] <def>Sending forth; emissive.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*man"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
(L. <i>in</i>) + <i>mantle</i>: cf. F. <i>emmanteler</i>.  Cf.
<u>Inmantle</u>.] <def>To cover over with, or as with, a mantle; to
put about as a protection.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*man"u*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Immanuel</u>.</def>  <i>Matt. i. 23.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*mar"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn to
marble; to harden.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou dost <i>emmarble</i> the proud
heart.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*men"a*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
<i>n.</i> pl., menses (&?; in +  &?; month) + &?; leading, fr. &?; to
lead: cf. F. <i>emm&eacute;nagogue</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine that promotes the menstrual discharge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"met</hw> (&ebreve;m"m&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>emete</i>, <i>amete</i>, AS. <i>&aelig;mete</i>. See <u>Ant</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An ant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Emmet hunter</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
wryneck.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Em`me*tro"pi*a</hw> (-m&esl;*tr&omacr;"p&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'e`mmetros</grk> in measure,
proportioned, suitable (<grk>'en</grk> in + <grk>me`tron</grk>
measure) + <grk>'w`ps</grk>, <grk>'wpo`s</grk>, eye.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>That refractive condition of the eye in which the rays of light
are all brought accurately and without undue effort to a focus upon
the retina; -- opposed to <i>hypermetropia</i>, <i>myopia</i>, and
<i>astigmatism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`me*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or characterized by, emmetropia.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The normal or <i>emmetropic</i> eye adjusts itself
perfectly for all distances.</blockquote> <i>J. Le Conte.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*met"ro*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Emmetropia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*mew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
(L. <i>in</i>) + <i>mew</i>.  Cf. <u>Immew</u>.] <def>To mew or coop
up.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*move"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [For <i>emove</i>:
cf. F. <i>&eacute;mouvoir</i>, L. <i>emovere</i>. See
<u>Emotion</u>.] <def>To move; to rouse; to excite.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em"o*din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
orange-red crystalline substance,
C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, obtained from the
buckthorn, rhubarb, etc., and regarded as a derivative of
anthraquinone; -- so called from a species of rhubarb (<i>Rheum
emodei</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`ol*les"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>e</i>
out + <i>mollescere</i>, incho. fr. <i>mollere</i> to be soft,
<i>mollis</i> soft.] <def>That degree of softness in a body beginning
to melt which alters its shape; the first or lowest degree of
fusibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mol"li*ate</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Emolliated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Emolliating</u>.] [See <u>Emollient</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To soften; to render effeminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Emolliated</i> by four centuries of Roman
domination, the Belgic colonies had forgotten their pristine
valor.</blockquote> <i>Pinkerton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mol"lient</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emolliens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>emollire</i> to soften;
<i>e</i> out + <i>mollire</i> to soften, <i>mollis</i> soft: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;mollient</i>. See <u>Mollify</u>.] <def>Softening; making
supple; acting as an emollient.</def> "<i>Emollient</i>
applications."  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mol"lient</hw> (?; 105), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An external something or soothing application to allay
irritation, soreness, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`ol*li"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
softening or relaxing; relaxation.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mol"u*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emolumentum</i>, lit., a working out, fr. <i>emoliri</i> to move
out, work out; <i>e</i> out + <i>moliri</i> to set in motion, exert
one's self, fr. <i>moles</i> a huge, heavy mass: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;molument</i>. See <u>Mole</u> a mound.] <def>The profit
arising from office, employment, or labor; gain; compensation;
advantage; perquisites, fees, or salary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A long . . . enjoyment of the <i>emoluments</i> of
office.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mol`u*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to an emolument; profitable.</def> [R.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*mong"</hw> (?), <hw>E*mongst"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Among.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*mo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>emovere</i>,
<i>emotum</i>, to remove, shake, stir up; <i>e</i> out +
<i>movere</i> to move: cf. F. <i>&eacute;motion</i>. See <u>Move</u>,
and cf. <u>Emmove</u>.] <def>A moving of the mind or soul; excitement
of the feelings, whether pleasing or painful; disturbance or
agitation of mind caused by a specific exciting cause and manifested
by some sensible effect on the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How different the <i>emotions</i> between departure
and return!</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some vague <i>emotion</i> of delight.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Feeling; agitation; tremor; trepidation;
perturbation; passion; excitement. -- <u>Emotion</u>, <u>Feeling</u>,
<u>Agitation</u>. <i>Feeling</i> is the weaker term, and may be of
the body or the mind. <i>Emotion</i> is of the mind alone, being the
excited action of some inward susceptibility or feeling; as, an
<i>emotion</i> of pity, terror, etc.  <i>Agitation</i> may be bodily
or mental, and usually arises in the latter case from a vehement
struggle between contending desires or emotions. See <u>Passion</u>.
"<i>Agitations</i> have but one character, viz., that of violence;
<i>emotions</i> vary with the objects that awaken them. There are
<i>emotions</i> either of tenderness or anger, either gentle or
strong, either painful or pleasing." <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mo"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or characterized by, emotion; excitable; easily moved;
sensational; as, an <i>emotional</i> nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mo"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
cultivation of an emotional state of mind; tendency to regard things
in an emotional manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mo"tion*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
give an emotional character to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brought up in a pious family where religion was not
talked about <i>emotionalized</i>, but was accepted as the rule of
thought and conduct.</blockquote> <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mo"tioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
emotion.</def> [R.] "The <i>emotioned</i> soul."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mo"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Attended by, or
having the character of, emotion.</def> <i>H. Brooke.</i> --
<wf>E*mo"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E*mo"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Susceptibility
to emotion.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`mo*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Emotiveness.</def>  <i>Hickok.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*move"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To move.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*pair"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
impair.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*pais"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; (sc. &?;),
fr. &?;  to stamp in; &?; in + &?; to strike.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<def>Having to do with inlaid work; -- especially used with reference
to work of the ancient Greeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*pale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
(L. <i>in</i>) + <i>pale</i>: cf. OF. <i>empalir</i>.] <def>To make
pale.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No bloodless malady <i>empales</i> their
face.</blockquote> <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*pale"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Empaled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Empaling</u>.] [OF. <i>empaler</i> to palisade, pierce, F.
<i>empaler</i> to punish by empalement; pref. <i>em-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + OF. &amp; F. <i>pal</i> a pale, stake. See <u>Pale</u> a
stake, and cf. <u>Impale</u>.] [Written also <i>impale</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fence or fortify with stakes; to surround
with a line of stakes for defense; to impale.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that dwell near enemies <i>empale</i> villages, to
save themselves from surprise.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inclose; to surround. See
<u>Impale</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put to death by thrusting a sharpened
stake through the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Impale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*pale"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>empalement</i>, fr. <i>empaler</i>. See <u>Empale</u>.] [Written
also <i>impalement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fencing,
inclosing, or fortifying with stakes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A putting to death by thrusting a
sharpened stake through the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Impalement</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*pan"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + <i>panel</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A list of jurors; a
panel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*pan"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Impanel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*pan"o*plied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-
</i> + <i>panoply</i>.] <def>Completely armed; panoplied.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*par"a*dise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Imparadise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*park"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i> +
<i>park</i>: cf. OF. <i>emparchier</i>, <i>emparkier</i>.  Cf.
<u>Impark</u>.] <def>To make a park of; to inclose, as with a fence;
to impark.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*par"lance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Parley;
imparlance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*pasm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>empasme</i>,
fr. Gr. &?; to sprinkle in or on; &?; in + &?; to sprinkle.] <def>A
perfumed powder sprinkled upon the body to mask the odor of
sweat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*pas"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To move
with passion; to affect strongly. See <u>Impassion</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those sights <i>empassion</i> me full
near.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*pas"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Strongly
affected.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Briton Prince was sore
<i>empassionate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*pawn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i> +
<i>pawn</i>.  Cf. <u>Impawn</u>.] <def>To put in pawn; to pledge; to
impawn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To sell, <i>empawn</i>, and alienate the
estates.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*peach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hinder.
See <u>Impeach</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*pearl"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
+ <i>pearl</i>.  Cf. <u>Impearl</u>.] <def>To form like pearls; to
decorate with, or as with, pearls; to impearl.</def></p>

<p><! p. 486 !></p>

<p><hw>Em*peo"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form into
a people or community; to inhabit; to people.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We now know 't is very well
<i>empeopled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"per*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Empress</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em"per*ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
empress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*per"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put in
peril. See <u>Imperil</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*per"ished</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Perished;
decayed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I deem thy brain <i>emperished</i> be.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"per*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>empereor</i>,
<i>empereour</i>, F. <i>empereur</i>, L. <i>imperator</i>, fr.
<i>imperare</i> to command; <i>in</i> in + <i>parare</i> to prepare,
order. See <u>Parade</u>, and cf. <u>Imperative</u>, <u>Empress</u>.]
<def>The sovereign or supreme monarch of an empire; -- a title of
dignity superior to that of king; as, the <i>emperor</i> of Germany
or of Austria; the <i>emperor</i> or Czar of Russia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Emperor goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
and handsome goose (<i>Philacte canagica</i>), found in Alaska.</cd>
-- <col><b>Emperor moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
several large and beautiful bombycid moths, with transparent spots on
the wings; as the American Cecropia moth (<i>Platysamia
cecropia</i>), and the European species (<i>Saturnia
pavonia</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Emperor paper</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Paper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Purple emperor</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large, strong British butterfly
(<i>Apatura iris</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Em"per*or*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rank or
office of an emperor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>imperium</i>,
influenced by OF. <i>emperie</i>, <i>empire</i>. See <u>Empire</u>.]
<def>Empire; sovereignty; dominion.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Struggling for my woman's <i>empery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"pha*sis</hw> (&ebreve;m"f&adot;*s&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Emphases</b></plw> (-
s&emacr;z). [L., fr. Gr. <grk>'e`mfasis</grk> significance, force of
expression, fr. <grk>'emfai`nein</grk> to show in, indicate;
<grk>'en</grk> in + <grk>fai`nein</grk> to show. See <u>In</u>, and
<u>Phase</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A particular
stress of utterance, or force of voice, given in reading and speaking
to one or more words whose signification the speaker intends to
impress specially upon his audience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The province of <i>emphasis</i> is so much more
important than accent, that the customary seat of the latter is
changed, when the claims of <i>emphasis</i> require it.</blockquote>
<i>E. Porter.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A peculiar impressiveness of expression or
weight of thought; vivid representation, enforcing assent; as, to
dwell on a subject with great <i>emphasis</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>External objects stand before us . . . in all the life
and <i>emphasis</i> of extension, figure, and color.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"pha*size</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Emphasized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Emphasizing</u> (?).] <def>To utter or pronounce with
a particular stress of voice; to make emphatic; as, to
<i>emphasize</i> a word or a phrase.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Em*phat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Em*phat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>emphatique</i>. See
<u>Emphasis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Uttered with emphasis; made
prominent and impressive by a peculiar stress of voice; laying
stress; deserving of stress or emphasis; forcible; impressive;
strong; as, to remonstrate in an <i>emphatic</i> manner; an
<i>emphatic</i> word; an <i>emphatic</i> tone; <i>emphatic</i>
reasoning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Striking the sense; attracting special
attention; impressive; forcible.</def> "<i>Emphatical</i> colors."
<i>Boyle.</i> "<i>Emphatical</i> evils."  <i>Bp. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Forcible; earnest; impressive; energetic; striking;
positive; important; special; significant.</p>

<p><hw>Em*phat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With emphasis; forcibly; in a striking manner
or degree; pre&euml;minently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was indeed <i>emphatically</i> a popular
writer.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not really, but apparently.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*phat"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being emphatic; emphasis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*phrac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
obstructing, fr. &?; to block up.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having the
quality of closing the pores of the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*phren"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
madden.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Em`phy*se"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; inflation, fr. &?; to inflate; &?; in + &?; to blow: cf. F.
<i>emphys&egrave;me</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A swelling produced by
gas or air diffused in the cellular tissue.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Emphysema of the lungs</b></col>, <col><b>Pulmonary
emphysema</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a common disease of the lungs
in which the air cells are distended and their partition walls
ruptured by an abnormal pressure of the air contained in
them.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Em`phy*sem"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>emphys&eacute;mateux</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or of
the nature of, emphysema; swelled; bloated.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Em`phy*teu"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, lit., an implanting, fr.  &?; to plant or improve land; &?; in +
&?; to plant.] <i>(Rom. Law)</i> <def>A real right, susceptible of
assignment and of descent, charged on productive real estate, the
right being coupled with the enjoyment of the property on condition
of taking care of the estate and paying taxes, and sometimes a small
rent.</def>  <i>Heumann.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em`phy*teu"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emphyteuticus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to an emphyteusis; as,
<i>emphyteutic</i> lands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`phy*teu"ti*ca*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emphyteuticarius</i>, a.] <def>One who holds lands by
emphyteusis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*pierce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
+ <i>pierce</i>.  Cf. <u>Impierce</u>.] <def>To pierce; to
impierce.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*pight"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i> +
<i>pight</i> pitched, fixed.] <def>Fixed; settled; fastened.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"pire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>imperium</i> a command, sovereignty, dominion, empire, fr.
<i>imperare</i>. See <u>Emperor</u>; cf. <u>Imperial</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Supreme power; sovereignty; sway;
dominion.</def> "The <i>empire</i> of the sea."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Over hell extend<BR>
His <i>empire</i>, and with iron scepter rule.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dominion of an emperor; the territory
or countries under the jurisdiction and dominion of an emperor
(rarely of a king), usually of greater extent than a kingdom, always
comprising a variety in the nationality of, or the forms of
administration in, constituent and subordinate portions; as, the
Austrian <i>empire</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Empire</i> carries with it the idea of a vast and
complicated government.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any dominion; supreme control; governing
influence; rule; sway; as, the <i>empire</i> of mind or of
reason.</def> "Under the <i>empire</i> of facts."  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Another force which, in the Middle Ages, shared with
chivalry the <i>empire</i> over the minds of men.</blockquote> <i>A.
W. Ward.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Celestial empire</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Celestial</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Empire City</b></col>, <cd>a common
designation of the city of New York.</cd> -- <col><b>Empire
State</b></col>, <cd>a common designation of the State of New
York.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sway; dominion; rule; control; reign; sovereignty;
government; kingdom; realm; state.</p>

<p><hw>Em*pir"ic</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>empiricus</i> an empiric, Gr. &?; experienced, equiv. to &?;; &?;
in + &?; a trial, experiment; akin to &?; ford, way, and E.
<i>fare</i>: cf. F. <i>empirique</i>. See <u>In</u>, and
<u>Fare</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who follows an empirical
method; one who relies upon practical experience.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who confines himself to applying the
results of mere experience or his own observation; especially, in
medicine, one who deviates from the rules of science and regular
practice; an ignorant and unlicensed pretender; a quack; a
charlatan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among the Greek physicians, those who founded their
practice on experience called themselves
<i>empirics</i>.</blockquote> <i>Krauth-Fleming.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Swallow down opinions as silly people do
<i>empirics</i>' pills.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Em*pir"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Em*pir"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or
founded upon, experiment or experience; depending upon the
observation of phenomena; versed in experiments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In philosophical language, the term <i>empirical</i>
means simply what belongs to or is the product of experience or
observation.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The village carpenter . . . lays out his work by
<i>empirical</i> rules learnt in his apprenticeship.</blockquote>
<i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Depending upon experience or observation
alone, without due regard to science and theory; -- said especially
of medical practice, remedies, etc.; wanting in science and deep
insight; as, <i>empiric</i> skill, remedies.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Empirical formula</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Formula</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Transcendental</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Em*pir"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
experiment or experience; without science; in the manner of
quacks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*pir"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The method or practice of an empiric; pursuit
of knowledge by observation and experiment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a practice of medicine
founded on mere experience, without the aid of science or a knowledge
of principles; ignorant and unscientific practice; charlatanry;
quackery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The philosophical theory
which attributes the origin of all our knowledge to
experience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*pir"i*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
empiric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`pi*ris"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Relating to, or resulting from, experience, or experiment;
following from empirical methods or data; -- opposed to
<i>nativistic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*plas"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>emplastre</i>, F. <i>empl&acirc;tre</i>, L. <i>emplastrum</i> a
plaster or salve, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to plaster up, daub over; &?;
in + &?; to form, mold, apply as a plaster.] <def>See
<u>Plaster</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*plas"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>emplastrer</i>, F. <i>empl&acirc;trer</i>. See <u>Emplaster</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To plaster over; to cover over so as to
present a good appearance.</def> [Obs.] "Fair as ye his name
<i>emplaster</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>emplastique</i>, fr. Gr. &?; clogging. See <u>Emplaster</u>.]
<def>Fit to be applied as a plaster; glutinous; adhesive; as,
<i>emplastic</i> applications.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*plas"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine causing
constipation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`plas*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emplastratio</i> a budding.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or
process of grafting by inoculation; budding.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See 1st <u>Emplaster</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The application of a plaster or salve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*plead"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
(L. <i>in</i>) + <i>plead</i>: cf. F. <i>emplaidier</i>.  Cf.
<u>Implead</u>.] <def>To accuse; to indict. See
<u>Implead</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*plec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Emplecton</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*plec"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. or L.
<i>emplecton</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; interwoven, fr. &?; to plait
or weave in; &?; in + &?; to twist, weave.] <def>A kind of masonry in
which the outer faces of the wall are ashlar, the space between being
filled with broken stone and mortar. Cross layers of stone are
interlaid as binders.</def> [R.]  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*plore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Implore</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*ploy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Employed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Employing</u>.] [F. <i>employer</i>, fr. L. <i>implicare</i> to
fold into, infold, involve, implicate, engage; <i>in +  plicare</i>
to fold. See <u>Ply</u>, and cf. <u>Imply</u>, <u>Implicate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inclose; to infold.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use; to have in service; to cause to be
engaged in doing something; -- often followed by <i>in</i>,
<i>about</i>, <i>on</i>, or <i>upon</i>, and sometimes by <i>to</i>;
as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> To make use of, as an instrument, a means, a
material, etc., for a specific purpose; to apply; as, to
<i>employ</i> the pen in writing, bricks in building, words and
phrases in speaking; to <i>employ</i> the mind; to <i>employ</i>
one's energies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is a day in which the thoughts . . . ought to be
<i>employed</i> on serious subjects.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To occupy; as, to <i>employ</i> time in
study.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To have or keep at work; to
give employment or occupation to; to intrust with some duty or
behest; as, to <i>employ</i> a hundred workmen; to <i>employ</i> an
envoy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jonathan . . . and Jahaziah . . . were <i>employed</i>
about this matter.</blockquote> <i>Ezra x. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy vineyard must <i>employ</i> the sturdy steer<BR>
To turn the glebe.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To employ one's self</b></col>, <cd>to apply or devote
one's time and attention; to busy one's self.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To use; busy; apply; exercise; occupy; engross;
engage. See <u>Use</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Em*ploy"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>emploi</i>.]
<def>That which engages or occupies a person; fixed or regular
service or business; employment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole <i>employ</i> of body and of
mind.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In one's employ</b></col>, <cd>in one's service.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Em*ploy"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>employable</i>.] <def>Capable of being employed; capable of being
used; fit or proper for use.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Em`ploy`&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., p. p.
of <i>employer</i>.] <def>One employed by another; a clerk or workman
in the service of an employer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`ploy*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The Eng. form of
<i>employ&eacute;</i>.] <def>One employed by another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*ploy"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who employs
another; as, an <i>employer</i> of workmen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*ploy"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of employing or using; also, the state of being
employed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which engages or occupies; that which
consumes time or attention; office or post of business; service; as,
agricultural <i>employments</i>; mechanical <i>employments</i>;
public <i>employments</i>; in the <i>employment</i> of
government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cares are <i>employments</i>, and without employ<BR>
The soul is on a rack.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Work; business; occupation; vocation; calling;
office; service; commission; trade; profession.</p>

<p><hw>Em*plumed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Plumed.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*plunge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Implunge</u>.] <def>To plunge; to implunge.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*poi"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>empoisonner</i>; pref. <i>em-</i> + F. <i>poison</i>. See
<u>Poison</u>, and cf. <u>Impoison</u>.] <def>To poison; to
impoison.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*poi"son</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Poison.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Remedy of Love.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*poi"son*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Poisoner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*poi"son*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>empoisonnement</i>.] <def>The act of poisoning.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Em`po*ret"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Em`po*ret"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>emporeticus</i>, Gr. &?;. See
<u>Emporium</u>.] <def>Pertaining to an emporium; relating to
merchandise.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*po"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Emporiums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Emporia</b></plw> (#).
[L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; belonging to commerce, fr. &?; traveler,
trader; &?; in + &?; way through and over, path. See <u>In</u>, and
<u>Empiric</u>, <u>Fare</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place of
trade; a market place; a mart; esp., a city or town with extensive
commerce; the commercial center of a country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That wonderful <i>emporium</i> [Manchester] . . . was
then a mean and ill-built market town.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is pride . . . which fills our streets, our
<i>emporiums</i>, our theathers.</blockquote> <i>Knox.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The brain.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*pov"er*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Impoverish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*pow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Empowered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Empowering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give authority to; to
delegate power to; to commission; to authorize (having commonly a
legal force); as, the Supreme Court is <i>empowered</i> to try and
decide cases, civil or criminal; the attorney is <i>empowered</i> to
sign an acquittance, and discharge the debtor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give moral or physical power,
faculties, or abilities to.</def> "These eyes . . . <i>empowered</i>
to gaze."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"press</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>empress</i>,
<i>emperice</i>, OF. <i>empereis</i>, <i>empereris</i>, fr. L.
<i>imperatrix</i>, fem. of <i>imperator</i>. See <u>Emperor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The consort of an emperor.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A female sovereign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sovereign mistress.</def>
"<i>Empress</i> of my soul."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Empress cloth</b></col>, <cd>a cloth for ladies' dresses,
either wholly of wool, or with cotton warp and wool weft. It
resembles merino, but is not twilled.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Em*print"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Imprint</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*prise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>emprise</i>,
fr. <i>emprendre</i> to undertake; pref. <i>em-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) +
F. <i>prendre</i> to take, L. <i>prehendere</i>, <i>prendere</i>;
<i>prae</i> before + a verb akin to E. <i>get</i>. See <u>Get</u>,
and cf. <u>Enterprise</u>, <u>Impresa</u>.] [Archaic]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An enterprise; endeavor; adventure.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In brave pursuit of chivalrous
<i>emprise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The deeds of love and high
<i>emprise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The qualifies which prompt one to
undertake difficult and dangerous exploits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I love thy courage yet and bolt <i>emprise</i>;<BR>
But here thy sword can do thee little stead.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*prise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
undertake.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sackville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*pris"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Emprise</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Full of daring;
adventurous.</def> [Archaic]  <i>T. Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*pris"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Obs</i>.]
<def>See <u>Imprison</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Em`pros*thot"o*nos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; forward + &?; to draw.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A drawing of the
body forward, in consequence of the spasmodic action of some of the
muscles.</def>  <i>Gross.</i></p>

<p><hw>Emp"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To empty.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Emp"ti*er</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, empties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Emp"ti*er</hw>, <pos><i>compar.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Empty</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Emp"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Empty</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being empty; absence of
contents; void space; vacuum; as, the <i>emptiness</i> of a vessel;
<i>emptiness</i> of the stomach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of solidity or substance;
unsatisfactoriness; inability to satisfy desire; vacuity; hollowness;
the <i>emptiness</i> of earthly glory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Want of knowledge; lack of sense; vacuity
of mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eternal smiles his <i>emptiness</i>
betray.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sins of <i>emptiness</i>, gossip, and
spite.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Emp"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>emptio</i>, fr.
<i>emere</i> to buy.] <def>The act of buying.</def> [R.]
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Emp"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being purchased.</def></p>

<p><hw>Emp"ty</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Emptier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Emptiest</u>.] [AS. <i>emtig</i>,
<i>&aelig;mtig</i>, <i>&aelig;metig</i>, fr. <i>&aelig;mta</i>,
<i>&aelig;metta</i>, quiet, leisure, rest; of uncertain origin; cf.
G. <i>emsig</i> busy.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Containing nothing;
not holding or having anything within; void of contents or
appropriate contents; not filled; -- said of an inclosure, as a box,
room, house, etc.; as, an <i>empty</i> chest, room, purse, or
pitcher; an <i>empty</i> stomach; <i>empty</i> shackles.</def></p>

<p><! p. 487 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free; clear; devoid; -- often with
<i>of</i>.</def> "That fair female troop . . . <i>empty</i> of all
good."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall find you <i>empty</i> of that
fault.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having nothing to carry; unburdened.</def>
"An <i>empty</i> messenger."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When ye go ye shall not go <i>empty</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. iii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of effect, sincerity, or sense;
-- said of language; as, <i>empty</i> words, or threats.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Words are but <i>empty</i> thanks.</blockquote>
<i>Cibber.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Unable to satisfy; unsatisfactory; hollow;
vain; -- said of pleasure, the world, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pleas'd in the silent shade with <i>empty</i>
praise.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Producing nothing; unfruitful; -- said of
a plant or tree; as, an <i>empty</i> vine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seven <i>empty</i> ears blasted with the east
wind.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xli. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of, or lacking, sense,
knowledge, or courtesy; as, <i>empty</i> brains; an <i>empty</i>
coxcomb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That in civility thou seem'st so
<i>empty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of reality, or real existence;
unsubstantial; as, <i>empty</i> dreams.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Empty</i> is used as the first element in a compound;
as, <i>empty</i>-handed, having nothing in the hands, destitute;
<i>empty</i>-headed, having few ideas; <i>empty</i>-hearted,
destitute of feeling.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Vacant</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Emp"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Empties</b></plw> (&?;). <def>An empty box, crate, cask,
etc.; -- used in commerce, esp. in transportation of freight; as,
"special rates for <i>empties</i>."</def></p>

<p><hw>Emp"ty</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Emptied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Emptying</u>.] <def>To deprive of the contents; to exhaust; to
make void or destitute; to make vacant; to pour out; to discharge;
as, to <i>empty</i> a vessel; to <i>empty</i> a well or a
cistern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The clouds . . . <i>empty</i> themselves upon the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Eccl. xi. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Emp"ty</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To discharge itself; as, a river <i>empties</i> into the
ocean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become empty.</def>  "The chapel
<i>empties</i>."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Emp"ty*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of making empty.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The lees of beer, cider, etc.;
yeast.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*pugn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Obs</i>.]
<def>See <u>Impugn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*pur"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Empurpled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Empurpling</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>em-</i> +
<i>purple</i>.  Cf. <u>Impurple</u>.] <def>To tinge or dye of a
purple color; to color with purple; to impurple.</def> "The deep
<i>empurpled</i> ran."  <i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*puse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>empusa</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <def>A phantom or specter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em*puz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>em-</i>
+ <i>puzzle</i>.] <def>To puzzle.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Em`py*e"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
from &?; to suppurate; &?; in + &?;  pus.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
collection of blood, pus, or other fluid, in some cavity of the body,
especially that of the pleura.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>empyema</i> is now restricted to a collection
of pus in the cavity of the pleura.</p>

<p><hw>||Em`py*e"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
suppuration.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An eruption of pustules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*pyr"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>empyrius</i>, <i>empyreus</i>, fiery, Gr. &?;, &?;, in fire,
fiery; &?; in + &?; fire. See <u>In</u>, and <u>Fire</u>.]
<def>Formed of pure fire or light; refined beyond a&euml;rial
substance; pertaining to the highest and purest region of
heaven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, soar with Plato to the <i>empyreal</i>
sphere.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Empyreal air</b></col>, <cd>oxygen gas.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Em*pyr"e*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Empyrean.</def>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em`py*re"an</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Empyreal</u>.] <def>The highest heaven, where the pure element of
fire was supposed by the ancients to subsist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>empyrean</i> rung<BR>
With hallelujahs.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em`py*re"an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Empyreal.</def>
<i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Em`py*reu"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; a live coal covered with ashes, fr. &?; to set on fire, fr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>empyreume</i>. See <u>Empyreal</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The peculiar smell and taste arising from products of
decomposition of animal or vegetable substances when burnt in close
vessels.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Em`py*reu*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Em`py*reu*mat"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>empyreumatique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to empyreuma; as, an <i>empyreumatic</i> odor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Empyreumatic oils</b></col>, <cd>oils obtained by
distilling various organic substances at high temperatures.</cd>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em`py*reu"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render empyreumatic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Em*pyr"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; in fire.
See <u>Empyreal</u>.] <def>Containing the combustible principle of
coal.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Em"py*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; in + &?; to burn.] <def>A general fire; a
conflagration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"rods</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Emerods</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E"mu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Pg. <i>ema</i>
ostrich, F. <i>&eacute;mou</i>, <i>&eacute;meu</i>, emu.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large Australian bird, of two species
(<i>Dromaius Nov&aelig;-Hollandi&aelig;</i> and <i>D. irroratus</i>),
related to the cassowary and the ostrich. The emu runs swiftly, but
is unable to fly.</def> [Written also <i>emeu</i> and
<i>emew</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The name is sometimes erroneously applied, by the
Brazilians, to the rhea, or South American ostrich.</p>

<p><col><b>Emu wren</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Em"u*la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aemulari</i>
to emulate + <i>-able</i>.] <def>Capable of being emulated.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some imitable and <i>emulable</i> good.</blockquote>
<i>Abp. Leighton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aemulatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>aemulari</i>, fr. <i>aemulus</i> emulous; prob. akin to
E. <i>imitate</i>.] <def>Striving to excel; ambitious; emulous.</def>
[Obs.] "A most <i>emulate</i> pride."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Emulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Emulating</u> (?).] <def>To strive to equal or to excel in
qualities or actions; to imitate, with a view to equal or to outdo,
to vie with; to rival; as, to <i>emulate</i> the good and the
great.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thine eye would <i>emulate</i> the
diamond.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aemulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;mulation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The endeavor to equal or to excel another in qualities or
actions; an assiduous striving to equal or excel another;
rivalry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A noble <i>emulation</i> heats your
breast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Jealous rivalry; envy; envious
contention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such factious <i>emulations</i> shall
arise.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Competition; rivalry; contest; contention; strife.
-- <u>Emulation</u>, <u>Competition</u>, <u>Rivalry</u>.
<i>Competition</i> is the struggle of two or more persons for the
same object. <i>Emulation</i> is an ardent desire for superiority,
arising from competition, but now implying, of necessity, any
improper feeling. <i>Rivalry</i> is a personal contest, and, almost
of course, has a selfish object and gives rise to envy.
"<i>Competition</i> and <i>emulation</i> have honor for their basis;
<i>rivalry</i> is but a desire for selfish gratification.
<i>Competition</i> and <i>emulation</i> animate to effort;
<i>rivalry</i> usually produces hatred. <i>Competition</i> and
<i>emulation</i> seek to merit success; <i>rivalry</i> is contented
with obtaining it."  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"u*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to
emulation; aspiring to competition; rivaling; as, an <i>emulative</i>
person or effort.</def> "<i>Emulative</i> zeal."  <i>Hoole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"u*la*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
emulative manner; with emulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aemulator</i>.] <def>One who emulates, or strives to equal or
surpass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As Virgil rivaled Homer, Milton was the
<i>emulator</i> of both.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to emulation; connected with rivalry.</def> [R.] "<i>Emulatory</i>
officiousness."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"u*la`tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
emulator.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Em"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;muler</i>. See <u>Emulate</u>.] <def>To emulate.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Emuled</i> of many."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mulge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emulgere</i>, <i>emulsum</i>; <i>e</i> out + <i>mulgere</i> to
milk; akin to E. <i>milk</i>. See <u>Milk</u>.] <def>To milk out; to
drain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mul"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>emulgens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>emulgere</i> to milk out: cf. F. <i>&eacute;mulgent</i>.
So called because regarded by the ancients as straining out the
serum, as if by milking, and so producing the urine.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the kidneys; renal; as, <i>emulgent</i> arteries
and veins.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An emulgent vessel, as
a renal artery or vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mul"gent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine that excites the flow of bile.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hoblyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aemulus</i>.
See <u>Emulate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ambitiously desirous to
equal or even to excel another; eager to emulate or vie with another;
desirous of like excellence with another; -- with <i>of</i>; as,
<i>emulous</i> of another's example or virtues.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vying with; rivaling; hence, contentious,
envious.</def> "<i>Emulous</i> Carthage."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Emulous</i> missions 'mongst the gods.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Em"u*lous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an emulous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em"u*lous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being emulous.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mul"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or produced from, emulsin; as, <i>emulsic</i> acid.</def>
<i>Hoblyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*mul"si*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Emuls</i>ion
+ <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To convert into an emulsion; to form an emulsion;
to reduce from an oily substance to a milky fluid in which the fat
globules are in a very finely divided state, giving it the semblance
of solution; as, the pancreatic juice <i>emulsifies</i> the oily part
of food.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mul"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Emulsion</u>,
<u>Emulge</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The white
milky pulp or extract of bitter almonds.</def> [R.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An unorganized ferment (contained in this
extract and in other vegetable juices), which effects the
decomposition of certain glucosides.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mul"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>emulgere</i>, <i>emulsum</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;mulsion</i>. See
<u>Emulge</u>.] <def>Any liquid preparation of a color and
consistency resembling milk; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> In pharmacy, an
extract of seeds, or a mixture of oil and water united by a
mucilaginous substance. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> In photography, a liquid
preparation of collodion holding salt of silver, used in the
photographic process.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*mul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;mulsif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Softening;
milklike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Yielding oil by expression; as,
<i>emulsive</i> seeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Producing or yielding a milklike
substance; as, <i>emulsive</i> acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*munc"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Emunctories</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>emunctorium</i> a pair of
snuffers, fr. <i>emungere</i>, <i>emunctum</i>, to blow the nose,
hence, to wipe, cleanse; <i>e</i> out + <i>mungere</i> to blow the
nose: cf. F. <i>&eacute;monctoire</i>, formerly spelled also
<i>&eacute;monctoire</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Any organ or part
of the body (as the kidneys, skin, etc.,) which serves to carry off
excrementitious or waste matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`us*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>emuscare</i> to clear from moss; <i>e</i> out + <i>muscus</i>
moss.] <def>A freeing from moss.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E"mu wren`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small wrenlike
Australian bird (<i>Stipiturus malachurus</i>), having the tail
feathers long and loosely barbed, like emu feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"myd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Emyds</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Emyd&?;&?;</b></plw> (#).
[See <u>Emydea</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fresh-water tortoise
of the family <i>Emydid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*myd"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Emys</i> a genus of tortoises, L. <i>emys</i> a kind of fresh-
water tortoise, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
chelonians which comprises many species of fresh-water tortoises and
terrapins.</def></p>

<p><hw>En-</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [F. <i>en</i>-, L.
<i>in</i>.] <def>A prefix signifying <i>in</i> or <i>into</i>, used
in many English words, chiefly those borrowed from the French. Some
English words are written indifferently with <i>en-</i>or <i>in</i>-.
For ease of pronunciation it is commonly changed to <i>em-</i>before
<i>p</i>, <i>b</i>, and <i>m</i>, as in <i>em</i>ploy, <i>em</i>body,
<i>em</i>mew. It is sometimes used to give a causal force, as in
<i>en</i>able, <i>en</i>feeble, <i>to cause to be</i>, or <i>to
make</i>, able, or feeble; and sometimes merely gives an intensive
force, as in <i>en</i>chasten. See <u>In-</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A prefix from Gr. &?; in, meaning
<i>in</i>; as, <i>en</i>cephalon, <i>en</i>tomology. See <u>In-
</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-en</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A suffix from AS. -
<i>an</i>, formerly used to form the plural of many nouns, as in
ash<i>en</i>, ey<i>en</i>, ox<i>en</i>, all obs. except <i>oxen</i>.
In some cases, such as childr<i>en</i> and brethr<i>en</i>, it has
been added to older plural forms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A suffix corresponding to AS. -<i>en</i>
and -<i>on</i>, formerly used to form the plural of verbs, as in
hous<i>en</i>, escap<i>en</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A suffix signifying <i>to make</i>, <i>to
cause</i>, used to form verbs from nouns and adjectives; as in
strength<i>en</i>, quick<i>en</i>, fright<i>en</i>. This must not be
confused with -<i>en</i> corresponding in Old English to the AS.
infinitive ending -<i>an</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [AS. <i>-en</i>; akin to Goth. <i>-eins</i>, L.
<i>-inus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>An adjectival suffix, meaning <i>made
of</i>; as in gold<i>en</i>, lead<i>en</i>, wood<i>en</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [AS. <i>-en</i>; akin to Skr. <i>-na</i>.]
<def>The termination of the past participle of many strong verbs; as,
in brok<i>en</i>, gott<i>en</i>, trodd<i>en</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Half an
em, that is, half of the unit of space in measuring printed matter.
See <u>Em</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*a"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enabled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enabling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give strength or
ability to; to make firm and strong.</def> [Obs.] "Who hath
<i>enabled</i> me."  <i>1 Tim. i. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Receive the Holy Ghost, said Christ to his apostles,
when he <i>enabled</i> them with priestly power.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make able (to do, or to be, something);
to confer sufficient power upon; to furnish with means,
opportunities, and the like; to render competent for; to empower; to
endow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Temperance gives Nature her full play, and
<i>enables</i> her to exert herself in all her force and
vigor.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*a"ble*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
enabling, or the state of being enabled; ability.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enacted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enacting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To decree; to establish by
legal and authoritative act; to make into a law; especially, to
perform the legislative act with reference to (a bill) which gives it
the validity of law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act; to perform; to do; to
effect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king <i>enacts</i> more wonders than a
man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To act the part of; to represent; to
play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I did <i>enact</i> Julius Caesar.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Enacting clause</b></col>, <cd>that clause of a bill which
formally expresses the legislative sanction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En*act"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Purpose;
determination.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*act"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power to
enact or establish as a law.</def>  <i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*act"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The passing of a bill into a law; the giving of legislative
sanction and executive approval to a bill whereby it is established
as a law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is enacted or passed into a
law; a law; a decree; a statute; a prescribed requirement; as, a
prohibitory <i>enactment</i>; a social <i>enactment</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*act"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who enacts a
law; one who decrees or establishes as a law.</def>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*ac"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Enactment;
resolution.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*al"i*o*saur`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of the Enaliosauria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En*al`i*o*sau"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr.  &?; marine (&?; in + &?; the sea) + &?; a lizard.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct group of marine reptiles, embracing
both the Ichthyosauria and the Plesiosauria, now regarded as distinct
orders.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*al`i*o*sau"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Enaliosauria.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Enaliosauria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*nal"la*ge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
an exchange, fr. &?; to exchange; &?; in + &?; to change.]
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A substitution, as of one part of speech for
another, of one gender, number, case, person, tense, mode, or voice,
of the same word, for another.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*am"bush</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
ambush.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*am"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>amel</i>. See <u>Amel</u>, <u>Smelt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A variety of glass, used in ornament, to
cover a surface, as of metal or pottery, and admitting of after
decoration in color, or used itself for inlaying or application in
varied colors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A glassy, opaque bead
obtained by the blowpipe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is enameled; also, any smooth,
glossy surface, resembling enamel, especially if
variegated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The intensely hard
calcified tissue entering into the composition of teeth. It merely
covers the exposed parts of the teeth of man, but in many animals is
intermixed in various ways with the dentine and cement.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Enamel painting</b></col>, <cd>painting with enamel colors
upon a ground of metal, porcelain, or the like, the colors being
afterwards fixed by fire.</cd> -- <col><b>Enamel paper</b></col>,
<cd>paper glazed a metallic coating.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En*am"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enameled</u> (?) or <u>Enamelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Enameling</u> or <u>Enamelling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay enamel upon; to decorate with enamel
whether inlaid or painted.</def></p>

<p><! p. 488 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To variegate with colors as if with
enamel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oft he [the serpent]bowed<BR>
His turret crest and sleek <i>enameled</i> neck.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form a glossy surface like enamel upon;
as, to <i>enamel</i> card paper; to <i>enamel</i> leather or
cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To disguise with cosmetics, as a woman's
complexion.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*am"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice
the art of enameling.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*am"el</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to the art
of enameling; as, <i>enamel</i> painting.</def>
<i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*am"el*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
enamel; resembling enamel; smooth; glossy.</def> [R.]
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*am"eled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coated or
adorned with enamel; having a glossy or variegated surface;
glazed.</def> [Written also <i>enamelled</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>En*am"el*er</hw> (?), <hw>En*am"el*ist</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who enamels; a workman or artist who
applies enamels in ornamental work.</def> [Written also
<i>enameller</i>, <i>enamellist</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>En*am"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enamored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enamoring</u>.] [OF. <i>enamourer</i>, <i>enamorer</i>; pref.
<i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + OF. &amp; F. <i>amour</i> love, L.
<i>amor</i>. See <u>Amour</u>, and cf. <u>Inamorato</u>.] <def>To
inflame with love; to charm; to captivate; -- with <i>of</i>, or
<i>with</i>, before the person or thing; as, to be <i>enamored</i>
with a lady; to be <i>enamored</i> of books or science.</def>
[Written also <i>enamour</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Passionately <i>enamored</i> of this shadow of a
dream.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*am"or*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being enamored.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*nan`ti*o*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'enanti`os</grk> opposite + <grk>morfh`</grk> form.]
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Similar, but not superposable, <i>i.
e.</i>, related to each other as a right-handed to a left-handed
glove; -- said of certain hemihedral crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*nan`ti*o*path"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Serving to palliate; palliative.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nan`ti*op"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of
contrary properties or affections; <grk>'enanti`os</grk> opposite +
&?; suffering, affection, fr. &?;, &?;, to suffer.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opposite passion or affection.</def>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Allopathy; -- a term used by
followers of Hahnemann, or homeopathists.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*nan`ti*o"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; contradiction, fr. <grk>'enanti`os</grk> opposite.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure of speech by which what is to be
understood affirmatively is stated negatively, and the contrary;
affirmation by contraries.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*arch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To arch.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*arched"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Bent into a curve; -- said of a bend or other
ordinary.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ar"gite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>An iron-black mineral of metallic luster, occurring in small
orthorhombic crystals, also massive. It contains sulphur, arsenic,
copper, and often silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*armed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Armed</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ar*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>enarratio</i>. See <u>Narration</u>.] <def>A detailed exposition;
relation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En`ar*thro"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; in + &?;. See <u>Arthrodia</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Enarthrosis</u>.</def> -- <wf>En`ar*thro"di*al</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||En`ar*thro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; jointed; &?; in + &?; joint.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A ball
and socket joint, or the kind of articulation represented by such a
joint. See <u>Articulation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*nas"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>enascens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>enasci</i> to spring up; <i>e</i> out + <i>nasci</i> to
be born.] <def>Coming into being; nascent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`na*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>enatare</i>
to swim out. See <u>Natation</u>.] <def>A swimming out.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>enatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>enasci</i>. See <u>Enascent</u>.] <def>Growing
out.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any unusual outgrowth from the surface of a thing, as of a
petal; also, the capacity or act of producing such an
outgrowth.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*naun"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>aunter</i>.] <def>Lest that.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nav"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>enavigatus</i>, p. p. of <i>enavigare</i>.] <def>To sail away or
over.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*bat"tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Embattled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*bibe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
imbibe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*broud"e</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Embroude</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*cage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Encaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Engaging</u>.] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>cage</i>: cf. F.
<i>encager</i>.] <def>To confine in a cage; to coop up.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*cal"en*dar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
register in a calendar; to calendar.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*camp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Encamped</u> (?; 215); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Encamping</u>.] <def>To form and occupy a camp; to
prepare and settle in temporary habitations, as tents or huts; to
halt on a march, pitch tents, or form huts, and remain for the night
or for a longer time, as an army or a company traveling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The host of the Philistines <i>encamped</i> in the
valley of Rephaim.</blockquote> <i>1 Chron. xi. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*camp"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form into a
camp; to place in a temporary habitation, or quarters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid him <i>encamp</i> his soldiers.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*camp"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of pitching tents or forming huts, as by an army or
traveling company, for temporary lodging or rest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place where an army or a company is
encamped; a camp; tents pitched or huts erected for temporary
lodgings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A square of about seven hundred yards was sufficient
for the <i>encampment</i> of twenty thousand Romans.</blockquote>
<i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A green <i>encampment</i> yonder meets the
eye.</blockquote> <i>Guardian.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*can"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
canker.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*cap`su*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act of inclosing in a capsule; the growth
of a membrane around (any part) so as to inclose it in a
capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*car"nal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
carnalize; to make gross.</def> [R.] "<i>Encarnalize</i> their
spirits."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En*car"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
containing fruit; &?; in + &?;  fruit; cf. L. <i>encarpa</i>, pl.,
Gr. &?;.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament on a frieze or capital,
consisting of festoons of fruit, flowers, leaves, etc.</def> [Written
also <i>encarpa</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>En*case"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Enchase</u>.] <def>To inclose as in a case. See
<u>Incase</u>.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*case"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Casement</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of encasing; also,
that which encases.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An old theory of generation
similar to embo&icirc;tement. See <u>Ovulist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*cash"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Eng.
Banking)</i> <def>To turn into cash; to cash.</def>  <i>Sat.
Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*cash"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng.
Banking)</i> <def>The payment in cash of a note, draft,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*cau"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
mark caused by burning, fr. &?;. See <u>Encaustic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An ulcer in the eye, upon the cornea, which causes the loss of
the humors.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*caus"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>encausticus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;  to burn in; &?; in + &?; to
burn: cf. F. <i>encaustique</i>. See <u>Caustic</u>, and cf.
<u>Ink</u>.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Prepared by means of heat;
burned in.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Encaustic painting</b></col> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>,
<cd>painting by means of wax with which the colors are combined, and
which is afterwards fused with hot irons, thus fixing the
colors.</cd> -- <col><b>Encaustic tile</b></col> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>,
<cd>an earthenware tile which has a decorative pattern and is not
wholly of one color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En*caus"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>encaustica</i>,
Gr. &?; (sc. &?;): cf. F. <i>encaustique</i>. See <u>Encaustic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The method of painting in heated wax, or
in any way where heat is used to fix the colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*cave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>cave</i>: cf. F. <i>encaver</i>.  Cf. <u>Incavated</u>.] <def>To
hide in, or as in, a cave or recess.</def> "Do but <i>encave</i>
yourself."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>-ence</hw> (?). [F. <i>-ence</i>, L. <i>-entia</i>.] <def>A
noun suffix signifying <i>action</i>, <i>state</i>, or
<i>quality</i>; also, <i>that which relates to</i> the action or
state; as in emerg<i>ence</i>, diffid<i>ence</i>, dilig<i>ence</i>,
influ<i>ence</i>, differ<i>ence</i>, excell<i>ence</i>. See <u>-
ance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`ceinte"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>enceindre</i> to gird about, surround, L. <i>incingere</i>;
<i>in</i> (intens). + <i>cingere</i> to gird. See <u>Cincture</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The line of works which forms
the main inclosure of a fortress or place; -- called also <i>body of
the place</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The area or town inclosed by a line of
fortification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The suburbs are not unfrequently larger than their
<i>enceinte</i>.</blockquote> <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En`ceinte"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>in</i>
not + <i>cinctus</i>, p. p. of <i>cingere</i> to gird about.]
<def>Pregnant; with child.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En*ce"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>encaenia</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a feast of dedication; &?; in + &?;
new.] <def>A festival commemorative of the founding of a city or the
consecration of a church; also, the ceremonies (as at Oxford and
Cambridge, England) commemorative of founders or
benefactors.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*cense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp;  i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>encenser</i>, fr. <i>encens</i>. See <u>Incense</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To offer incense to or upon; to burn
incense.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Encephalon</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the encephalon
or brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ceph`a*li"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>'egke`falos</grk> the brain + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of the brain.</def> -- <wf>En`ceph*a*lit"ic</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*ceph"a*lo*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'egke`falos</grk> the brain + <grk>kh`lh</grk> tumor.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hernia of the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ceph"a*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'egke`falos</grk> + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling the material
of the brain; cerebriform.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Encephaloid cancer</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a very
malignant form of cancer of brainlike consistency. See under
<u>Cancer</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En*ceph"a*loid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An encephaloid
cancer.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ceph`a*lol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'egke`falos</grk> the brain + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science
which treats of the brain, its structure and functions.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ceph"a*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Encephalos</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The contents of the cranium;
the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ceph`a*lop"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'egke`falos</grk> the brain + <grk>pa`schein</grk>,
<grk>paqei^n</grk>, to suffer.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any disease or
symptoms of disease referable to disorders of the brain; as, lead
<i>encephalopathy</i>, the cerebral symptoms attending chronic lead
poisoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ceph"a*los</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'egke`falos</grk>; <grk>'en</grk> in + <grk>kefalh`</grk> head.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The encephalon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In man the <i>encephalos</i> reaches its full size
about seven years of age.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*ceph`a*lot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'egke`falos</grk> the brain + &?; a cutting.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>The act or art of dissecting the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a head; -- said of most Mollusca; --
opposed to <i>acephalous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*chafe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To chafe; to
enrage; to heat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*chaf"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Heating;
burning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The wicked <i>enchaufing</i> or ardure of this sin
[lust].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*chain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>encha&icirc;ner</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>)
<i>cha&icirc;ne</i> chain. See <u>Chain</u>, and cf.
<u>Incatenation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind with a chain;
to hold in chains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold fast; to confine; as, to
<i>enchain</i> attention.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To link together; to connect.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*chain"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>encha&icirc;nement</i>.] <def>The act of enchaining, or state of
being enchained.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*chair"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To seat in a
chair.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*chan"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make run
in a channel.</def> "Its waters were <i>enchanneled</i>."  <i>Sir D.
Brewster.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*chant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enchanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enchanting</u>.] [F. <i>enchanter</i>, L. <i>incantare</i> to
chant or utter a magic formula over or against one, to bewitch;
<i>in</i> in, against + <i>cantare</i> to sing. See <u>Chant</u>, and
cf. <u>Incantation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To charm by sorcery;
to act on by enchantment; to get control of by magical words and
rites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And now about the caldron sing,<BR>
Like elves and fairies in a ring,<BR>
<i>Enchanting</i> all that you put in.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is <i>enchanted</i>, cannot speak.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To delight in a high degree; to charm; to
enrapture; as, music <i>enchants</i> the ear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arcadia was the charmed circle where all his spirits
forever should be <i>enchanted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To charm; bewitch; fascinate.  Cf.
<u>Charm</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En*chant"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Under the
power of enchantment; possessed or exercised by enchanters; as, an
<i>enchanted</i> castle.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*chant"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>enchanteur</i>.] <def>One who enchants; a sorcerer or magician;
also, one who delights as by an enchantment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like ghosts from an <i>enchanter</i>
fleeing.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Enchanter's nightshade</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
genus (<i>Circ&aelig;a</i>) of low inconspicuous, perennial plants,
found in damp, shady places.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En*chant"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a power of
enchantment; charming; fascinating.</def> --
<wf>En*chant"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*chant"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>enchantement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of enchanting;
the production of certain wonderful effects by the aid of demons, or
the agency of supposed spirits; the use of magic arts, spells, or
charms; incantation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After the last <i>enchantment</i> you did
here.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The effect produced by the act; the state
of being enchanted; as, to break an <i>enchantment</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which captivates the heart and
senses; an influence or power which fascinates or highly
delights.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such an <i>enchantment</i> as there is in
words.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Incantation; necromancy; magic; sorcery;
witchcraft; spell; charm; fascination; witchery.</p>

<p><hw>En*chant"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>enchanteresse</i>.] <def>A woman versed in magical arts; a
sorceress; also, a woman who fascinates.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*charge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Encharged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Encharging</u> (?).] [OF. <i>enchargier</i>, F.
<i>encharger</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + F.
<i>charger</i>. See <u>Charge</u>.] <def>To charge (with); to impose
(a charge) upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His countenance would express the spirit and the
passion of the part he was <i>encharged</i> with.</blockquote>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*charge"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A charge.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>A. Copley.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*chase"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enchased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enchasing</u>.] [F. <i>ench&acirc;sser</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + <i>ch&acirc;sse</i> box containing relics, frame, case,
the same word as <i>caisse</i> case. See 1st <u>Case</u>, and cf.
<u>Chase</u>, <u>Encase</u>, <u>Incase</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To incase or inclose in a border or rim; to surround with an
ornamental casing, as a gem with gold; to encircle; to inclose; to
adorn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Enchased</i> with a wanton ivy twine.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An precious stones, in studs of gold
<i>enchased</i>,<BR>
The shaggy velvet of his buskins graced.</blockquote>
<i>Mickle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To chase; to ornament by embossing or
engraving; as, to <i>enchase</i> a watch case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With golden letters . . . well
<i>enchased</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To delineate or describe, as by
writing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All which . . . for to <i>enchase</i>,<BR>
Him needeth sure a golden pen, I ween.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*chas"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
enchases.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*chas"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
chasten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>En*che"son</hw>, <hw>En*chea"son</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>enchaison</i>, fr. L. <i>incidere</i> to
happen; <i>in + cadere</i> to fall.] <def>Occasion, cause, or
reason.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*chest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Inchest</u>.] <def>To inclose in a chest.</def>
<i>Vicars.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En`chi*rid"i*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
&?;; &?; in + &?; hand.] <def>Handbook; a manual of devotions.</def>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*chis"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut with
a chisel.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En"cho*dus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a spear + <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of extinct Cretaceous fishes; -- so
named from their spear-shaped teeth. They were allied to the pike
(<i>Esox</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`chon*dro"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; in + &?; cartilage + <i>-oma</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
cartilaginous tumor growing from the interior of a bone.</def>
<i>Quain.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>En*cho"ri*al</hw> (?), <hw>En*chor"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; domestic, native; &?; in + &?; place,
country.] <def>Belonging to, or used in, a country; native; domestic;
popular; common; -- said especially of the written characters
employed by the common people of ancient Egypt, in distinction from
the hieroglyphics. See <u>Demotic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`chy*lem"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; to pour in + &?; anything received.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
basal substance of the cell nucleus; a hyaline or granular substance,
more or less fluid during life, in which the other parts of the
nucleus are imbedded.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'e`gchyma</grk> an infusion; <grk>'en</grk> in +
<grk>chei^n</grk> to pour.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The primitive
formative juice, from which the tissues, particularly the cellular
tissue, are formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*cinc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cincture.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The vast <i>encincture</i> of that gloomy
sea.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*cin"dered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Burnt to
cinders.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>En*cir"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Encircled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Encircling</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>circle</i>: cf. OF. <i>encercler</i>.] <def>To form a circle
about; to inclose within a circle or ring; to surround; as, to
<i>encircle</i> one in the arms; the army <i>encircled</i> the
city.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her brows <i>encircled</i> with his serpent
rod.</blockquote> <i>Parnell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To encompass; surround; environ; inclose.</p>

<p><hw>En*cir"clet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Encircle</i> +
<i>-let</i>.] <def>A small circle; a ring.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*clasp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>clasp</i>.  Cf. <u>Inclasp</u>.] <def>To clasp. See
<u>Inclasp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*clave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>in +
clavus</i> a nail.] <def>A tract of land or a territory inclosed
within another territory of which it is independent. See
<u>Exclave</u>.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><hw>En*clave"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>enclaver</i>.] <def>To inclose within an alien territory.</def>
[Recent]</p>

<p><hw>En*clave"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The
state of being an enclave.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><! p. 489 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>En*clit"ic</hw> (&ebreve;n*kl&ibreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<hw>En*clit"ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>encliticus</i>, Gr. <grk>'egkli`tikos</grk>, fr.
<grk>'egkli`nein</grk> to incline; <grk>'en</grk> in +
<grk>kli`nein</grk> to bend. See <u>In</u>, and <u>Lean</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Affixed; subjoined; --
said of a word or particle which leans back upon the preceding word
so as to become a part of it, and to lose its own independent accent,
generally varying also the accent of the preceding word.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*clit"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A
word which is joined to another so closely as to lose its proper
accent, as the pronoun <i>thee</i> in <i>prithee</i> (pray
thee).</def></p>

<p><hw>En*clit"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
enclitic manner; by throwing the accent back.</def>
<i>Walker.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*clit"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>The art of declining and conjugating words.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*clois"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Incloister</u>.] <def>To shut up in a cloister; to
cloister.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*close"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>enclos</i>,
p. p. of <i>enclore</i> to enclose; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) +
<i>clore</i> to close. See <u>Close</u>, and cf. <u>Inclose</u>,
<u>Include</u>.] <def>To inclose. See <u>Inclose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*clo"sure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inclosure. See <u>Inclosure</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The words <i>enclose</i> and <i>enclosure</i> are written
indiscriminately <i>enclose</i> or <i>inclose</i> and
<i>enclosure</i> or <i>inclosure</i>.</p>

<p><hw>En*clothe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
clothe.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*cloud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Incloud</u>.] <def>To envelop in clouds; to cloud.</def> [R.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*coach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Incoach</u>.] <def>To carry in a coach.</def> [R.]  <i>Davies
(Wit's Pilgr.)</i></p>

<p><hw>En*cof"fin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put in a
coffin.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>En*cold"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
cold.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*col"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish
or surround with a collar.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>En*col"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
color.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||En`co`lure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The
neck of horse.</def>  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*com"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Encumber</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*com"ber*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Encumberment</u>.] <def>Hindrance; molestation.</def>[Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*co"mi*ast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to praise, fr. &?; encomium: cf. F. <i>encomiaste</i>. See
<u>Encomium</u>.] <def>One who praises; a panegyrist.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>En*co`mi*as"tic</hw> (?), <hw>En*co`mi*as"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Bestowing praise; praising;
eulogistic; laudatory; as, an <i>encomiastic</i> address or
discourse.</def> -- <wf>En*co`mi*as"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*co`mi*as"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
panegyric.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*co"mi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Encomium; panegyric.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*co"mi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Encomiums</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; (a song) chanted
in a Bacchic festival in praise of the god; &?; in + &?; a jovial
festivity, revel. See <u>Comedy</u>.] <def>Warm or high praise;
panegyric; strong commendation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>encomiums</i> awakened all my
ardor.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Eulogy</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En*com"pass</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Encompassed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Encompassing</u>.] <def>To circumscribe or go round
so as to surround closely; to encircle; to inclose; to environ; as, a
ring <i>encompasses</i> the finger; an army <i>encompasses</i> a
city; a voyage <i>encompassing</i> the world.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A question may be <i>encompassed</i> with
difficulty.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The love of all thy sons <i>encompass</i>
thee.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To encircle; inclose; surround; include; environ;
invest; hem in; shut up.</p>

<p><hw>En*com"pass*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of surrounding, or the state of being surrounded;
circumvention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By this <i>encompassment</i> and drift of
question.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`core"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. or interj.</i></pos> [F. The
last part of the word is fr. L. <i>hora</i> hour. See <u>Hour</u>.]
<def>Once more; again; -- used by the auditors and spectators of
plays, concerts, and other entertainments, to call for a repetition
of a particular part.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`core"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A call or demand (as,
by continued applause) for a repetition; as, the <i>encores</i> were
numerous.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`core"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Encored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Encoring</u>.] <def>To call for a repetition or reappearance of;
as, to <i>encore</i> a song or a singer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Rebecca] insisted upon <i>encoring</i> one of the
duets.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*cor"po*ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-
</i> + L. <i>corpus</i> body.] <def>Incorporation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En`cou`bert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., Pg.
<i>encorberto</i>, <i>encuberto</i>, lit., covered.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species of armadillos of the
genera <i>Dasypus</i> and <i>Euphractus</i>, having five toes both on
the fore and hind feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*coun"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Encountered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Encountering</u>.] [OF. <i>encontrer</i>; pref.
<i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>contre</i> against, L. <i>contra</i>.
See <u>Counter</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>To come against face
to face; to meet; to confront, either by chance, suddenly, or
deliberately; especially, to meet in opposition or with hostile
intent; to engage in conflict with; to oppose; to struggle with; as,
to <i>encounter</i> a friend in traveling; two armies
<i>encounter</i> each other; to <i>encounter</i> obstacles or
difficulties, to <i>encounter</i> strong evidence of a
truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of
the Stoics, <i>encountered</i> him.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii.
18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am most fortunate thus accidentally to
<i>encounter</i> you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*coun"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To meet face to
face; to have a meeting; to meet, esp. as enemies; to engage in
combat; to fight; as, three armies <i>encountered</i> at
Waterloo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>encounter</i> with Andronicus.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Perception and judgment, employed in the investigation
of all truth, have in the first place to <i>encounter</i> with
particulars.</blockquote> <i>Tatham.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*coun"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>encontre</i>,
fr. <i>encontrer</i>. See <u>Encounter</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A meeting face to face; a running against; a
sudden or incidental meeting; an interview.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To shun the <i>encounter</i> of the vulgar
crowd.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A meeting, with hostile purpose; hence, a
combat; a battle; as, a bloody <i>encounter</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As one for . . . fierce <i>encounters</i>
fit</blockquote>. <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To join their dark <i>encounter</i> in mid-
air</blockquote>. <i>Milton</i>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contest; conflict; fight; combat; assault;
rencounter; attack; engagement; onset. See <u>Contest</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En*coun"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
encounters; an opponent; an antagonist.</def>  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*cour"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Encouraged</u> (?; 48); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Encouraging</u> (?).] [F.
<i>encourager</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>courage</i>
courage. See <u>Courage</u>.] <def>To give courage to; to inspire
with courage, spirit, or hope; to raise, or to increase, the
confidence of; to animate; enhearten; to incite; to help forward; --
the opposite of <i>discourage</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>David <i>encouraged</i> himself in the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xxx. 6.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To embolden; inspirit; animate; enhearten; hearten;
incite; cheer; urge; impel; stimulate; instigate; countenance;
comfort; promote; advance; forward; strengthen.</p>

<p><hw>En*cour"age*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>encouragement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
encouraging; incitement to action or to practice; as, the
<i>encouragement</i> of youth in generosity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All generous <i>encouragement</i> of
arts.</blockquote> <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which serves to incite, support,
promote, or advance, as favor, countenance, reward, etc.; incentive;
increase of confidence; as, the fine arts find little
<i>encouragement</i> among a rude people.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To think of his paternal care,<BR>
Is a most sweet <i>encouragement</i> to prayer.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*cour"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
encourages, incites, or helps forward; a favorer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pope is . . . a great <i>encourager</i> of
arts.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*cour"a*ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnishing
ground to hope; inspiriting; favoring.</def> --
<wf>En*cour"a*ging*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*cowl"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a monk
(or wearer of a cowl) of.</def> [R.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*cra"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lay in a
cradle.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"cra*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Encratitae</i>, pl., fr. Gr. &?; self-disciplined; &?; in + &?;
strength.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect in the 2d century
who abstained from marriage, wine, and animal food; -- called also
<i>Continent</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*crease"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &</i></pos> <def>i. [Obs.]
See <u>Increase</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*crim"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give a
crimson or red color to; to crimson.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>En*crin"ic</hw> (?), <hw>En*cri"nal</hw> (?),
<hw>En*crin"i*tal</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>Relating to encrinites; containing encrinites, as certain kinds
of limestone.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"cri*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; in + &?; a
lily: cf. F. <i>encrinite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil
crinoid, esp. one belonging to, or resembling, the genus Encrinus.
Sometimes used in a general sense for any crinoid.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En`cri*nit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>En`cri*nit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Pertaining to encrinites;
encrinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`cri*noid"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Encrinus</u> and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>That order
of the Crinoidea which includes most of the living and many fossil
forms, having jointed arms around the margin of the oral disk; --
also called <i>Brachiata</i> and <i>Articulata</i>. See
<i>Illusts</i>. under <u>Comatula</u> and <u>Crinoidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En"cri*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Encrini</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Encrinite</u>.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of fossil encrinoidea, from the
Mesozoic rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*crisped"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Curled.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*croach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Encroached</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Encroaching</u>.] [OF. <i>encrochier</i> to perch,
prop., to hook, fasten a hook (perh. confused with <i>acrochier</i>,
F. <i>accrocher</i>, to hook, get hold of, E. <i>accroach</i>); pref.
<i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + F. <i>croc</i> hook. See <u>Crook</u>,
and cf. <u>Accroach</u>.] <def>To enter by gradual steps or by
stealth into the possessions or rights of another; to trespass; to
intrude; to trench; -- commonly with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>; as, to
<i>encroach</i> on a neighbor; to <i>encroach</i> on the
highway.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No sense, faculty, or member must <i>encroach</i> upon
or interfere with the duty and office of another.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Superstition, . . . a creeping and <i>encroaching</i>
evil.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Exclude the <i>encroaching</i> cattle from thy
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To intrude; trench; infringe; invade; trespass.</p>

<p><hw>En*croach"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Encroachment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*croach"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who by
gradual steps enters on, and takes possession of, what is not his
own.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*croach"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
encroachment.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*croach"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of entering gradually or silently
upon the rights or possessions of another; unlawful
intrusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An unconstitutional <i>encroachment</i> of military
power on the civil establishment.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is taken by encroaching on
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An unlawful diminution of the
possessions of another.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*crust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To incrust.
See <u>Incrust</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*crust"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
is formed as a crust; incrustment; incrustation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disengaging truth from its <i>encrustment</i> of
error.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*cum"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Encumbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Encumbering</u>.] [F. <i>encombrer</i>; pref. <i>en-
</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + OF. <i>combrer</i> to hinder. See
<u>Cumber</u>, and cf. <u>Incumber</u>.] [Written also
<i>incumber</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To impede the motion or
action of, as with a burden; to retard with something superfluous; to
weigh down; to obstruct or embarrass; as, his movements were
<i>encumbered</i> by his mantle; his mind is <i>encumbered</i> with
useless learning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>encumbered</i> with any notable
inconvenience.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To load with debts, or other legal claims;
as, to <i>encumber</i> an estate with mortgages.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To load; clog; oppress; overload; embarrass;
perplex; hinder; retard; obstruct; check; block.</p>

<p><hw>En*cum"ber*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>encombrement</i>.] <def>Encumbrance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>En*cum"brance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>encombrance</i>.  Cf. <u>Incumbrance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which encumbers; a burden which impedes action, or renders
it difficult and laborious; a clog; an impediment. See
<u>Incumbrance</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Incumbrance</u>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Burden; clog; impediment; check; hindrance.</p>

<p><hw>En*cum"bran*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Incumbrancer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*cur"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose
with curtains.</def></p>

<p><hw>-en*cy</hw> (?). [L. <i>-entia</i>.] <def>A noun suffix having
much the same meaning as -<i>ence</i>, but more commonly signifying
the <i>quality</i> or <i>state</i>; as, emerg<i>ency</i>,
effici<i>ency</i>. See <u>-ancy</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En*cyc"lic</hw> (?), <hw>En*cyc"li*cal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>encyclios</i> of a circle, general, Gr.
&?;; &?; in + &?; circle: cf. F. <i>encyclique</i>. See
<u>Cycle</u>.] <def>Sent to many persons or places; intended for
many, or for a whole order of men; general; circular; as, an
<i>encyclical</i> letter of a council, of a bishop, or the
pope.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En*cyc"lic</hw>, <hw>En*cyc"li*cal</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An encyclical letter, esp. one from a
pope.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>En*cy`clo*pe"di*a</hw>, <hw>En*cy`clo*p&aelig;"di*a</hw>  }
(?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, for &?; &?;, instruction
in the circle of arts and sciences: cf. F.
<i>encyclop&eacute;die</i>. See <u>Cyclopedia</u>, and
<u>Encyclical</u>.] [Formerly written <i>encyclop&aelig;dy</i> and
<i>encyclopedy</i>.] <def>The circle of arts and sciences; a
comprehensive summary of knowledge, or of a branch of knowledge;
esp., a work in which the various branches of science or art are
discussed separately, and usually in alphabetical order; a
cyclopedia.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*cy`clo*pe*di"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Encyclopedic.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*cy`clo*pe"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Embracing the whole circle of learning, or a wide range of
subjects.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En*cy`clo*ped"ic</hw> (?), <hw>En*cy`clo*ped"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>encyclop&eacute;dique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or of the nature of, an encyclopedia; embracing a
wide range of subjects.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*cy`clo*pe"dism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art
of writing or compiling encyclopedias; also, possession of the whole
range of knowledge; encyclopedic learning.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*cy`clo*pe"dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>encyclop&eacute;diste</i>.] <def>The compiler of an encyclopedia,
or one who assists in such compilation; also, one whose knowledge
embraces the whole range of the sciences.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Encyclopedists</b></col>, <cd>the writers of the great
French encyclopedia which appeared in 1751-1772. The editors were
Diderot and D'Alembert. Among the contributors were Voltaire and
Rousseau.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En*cyst"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose in
a cyst.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`cys*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Encystment.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*cyst"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclosed in a
cyst, or a sac, bladder, or vesicle; as, an <i>encysted</i>
tumor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The encysted venom, or poison bag, beneath the adder's
fang.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*cyst"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A process which, among some of the lower forms of
life, precedes reproduction by budding, fission, spore formation,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The animal (<i>a</i>) first contracts its body to a
globular mass (<i>b</i>) and then secretes a transparent cyst
(<i>c</i>), after which the mass divides into two or more parts (as
in <i>d e</i>), each of which attains freedom by the bursting of the
cyst, and becomes an individual animal.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A process by which
many internal parasites, esp. in their larval states, become inclosed
within a cyst in the muscles, liver, etc. See
<u>Trichina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>End</hw> (&ebreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp;  AS.
<i>ende</i>; akin to OS. <i>endi</i>, D. <i>einde</i>, <i>eind</i>,
OHG. <i>enti</i>, G. <i>ende</i>, Icel. <i>endir</i>, <i>endi</i>,
Sw. <i>&auml;nde</i>, Dan. <i>ende</i>, Goth. <i>andeis</i>, Skr.
<i>anta</i>. &radic;208.  Cf. <u>Ante-</u>, <u>Anti-</u>,
<u>Answer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The extreme or last point or
part of any material thing considered lengthwise (the extremity of
breadth being <i>side</i>); hence, extremity, in general; the
concluding part; termination; close; limit; as, the <i>end</i> of a
field, line, pole, road; the <i>end</i> of a year, of a discourse;
put an <i>end</i> to pain; -- opposed to <i>beginning</i>, when used
of anything having a first part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Better is the <i>end</i> of a thing than the beginning
thereof.</blockquote> <i>Eccl. vii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Point beyond which no procession can be
made; conclusion; issue; result, whether successful or otherwise;
conclusive event; consequence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My guilt be on my head, and there an
<i>end</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O that a man might know<BR>
The <i>end</i> of this day's business ere it come!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Termination of being; death; destruction;
extermination; also, cause of death or destruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unblamed through life, lamented in thy
<i>end</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Confound your hidden falsehood, and award<BR>
Either of you to be the other's <i>end</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall see an <i>end</i> of him.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The object aimed at in any effort
considered as the close and effect of exertion; ppurpose; intention;
aim; as, to labor for private or public <i>ends</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Losing her, the <i>end</i> of living
lose.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When every man is his own <i>end</i>, all things will
come to a bad end.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is left; a remnant; a fragment;
a scrap; as, odds and <i>ends</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I clothe my naked villainy<BR>
With old odd <i>ends</i> stolen out of holy writ,<BR>
And seem a saint, when most I play the devil.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Carpet Manuf.)</i> <def>One of the yarns of
the worsted warp in a Brussels carpet.</def></p>

<p><! p. 490 !></p>

<p><col><b>An end</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>On end; upright;
erect; endways.</cd> <i>Spenser</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To the
end; continuously.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Richardson.</i> -- <col><b>End
bulb</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the bulblike bodies in
which some sensory nerve fibers end in certain parts of the skin and
mucous membranes; -- also called <i>end corpuscles</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>End fly</b></col>, <cd>a bobfly.</cd> -- <col><b>End for
end</b></col>, <cd>one end for the other; in reversed order.</cd> --
<col><b>End man</b></col>, <cd>the last man in a row; one of the two
men at the extremities of a line of minstrels.</cd> -- <col><b>End
on</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>bow foremost.</cd> -- <col><b>End
organ</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the structure in which a nerve
fiber ends, either peripherally or centrally.</cd> -- <col><b>End
plate</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the flat expansions in
which motor nerve fibers terminate on muscular fibers.</cd> --
<col><b>End play</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>movement endwise, or
room for such movement.</cd> -- <col><b>End stone</b></col>
<i>(Horol.)</i>, <cd>one of the two plates of a jewel in a timepiece;
the part that limits the pivot's end play.</cd> -- <col><b>Ends of
the earth</b></col>, <cd>the remotest regions of the earth.</cd> --
<col><b>In the end</b></col>, <cd>finally.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>On end</b></col>, <cd>upright; erect.</cd> -- <col><b>To the
end</b></col>, <cd>in order.</cd> <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>To make
both ends meet</b></col>, <cd>to live within one's income.</cd>
<i>Fuller.</i> -- <col><b>To put an end to</b></col>, <cd>to
destroy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>End</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ending</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring to an end or
conclusion; to finish; to close; to terminate; as, to <i>end</i> a
speech.</def> "I shall <i>end</i> this strife."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the seventh day God <i>ended</i> his
work.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form or be at the end of; as, the
letter <i>k ends</i> the word <i>back</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To destroy; to put to death.</def> "This
sword hath <i>ended</i> him."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To end up</b></col>, <cd>to lift or tilt, so as to set on
end; as, <i>to end up</i> a hogshead.</cd></p>

<p><hw>End</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come to the ultimate
point; to be finished; to come to a close; to cease; to terminate;
as, a voyage <i>ends</i>; life <i>ends</i>; winter
<i>ends</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>End"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
ended; terminable.</def></p>

<p><hw>End"-all`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Complete
termination.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That but this blow<BR>
Might be the be-all and the <i>end-all</i> here.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dam"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Endamaged</u> (?; 48); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Endamaging</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>damage</i>: cf. F. <i>endommager</i>.] <def>To bring loss or
damage to; to harm; to injure.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The trial hath <i>endamaged</i> thee no
way.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dam"age*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being damaged, or injured; damageable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*dam"age*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>endommagement</i>.] <def>Damage; injury; harm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dam"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
damnify; to injure.</def> [R.]  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dan"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Endangered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Endangering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put to
hazard; to bring into danger or peril; to expose to loss or injury;
as, to <i>endanger</i> life or peace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the other difficulties of his reign only exercised
without <i>endangering</i> him.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To incur the hazard of; to risk.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He that turneth the humors back . . .
<i>endangereth</i> malign ulcers.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dan"ger*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hazard;
peril.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dark"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
darken.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`das*pid"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>End</i>o- +
Gr. &?;, &?;, a shield.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the anterior
scutes extending around the tarsus on the inner side; -- said of
certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*daz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
dazzle.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Endazzled</i> eyes."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Endeared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Endearing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make dear or
beloved.</def> "To be <i>endeared</i> to a king."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise the price or cost of; to make
costly or expensive.</def> [R.]  <i>King James I. (1618).</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dear"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
affection or endearment; dearly.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dear"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
endeared.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dear"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making dear or
beloved; causing love.</def> -- <wf>En*dear"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*dear"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
endearing or the state of being endeared; also, that which manifests,
excites, or increases, affection.</def> "The great <i>endearments</i>
of prudent and temperate speech."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her first <i>endearments</i> twining round the
soul.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*deav"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Endeavored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Endeavoring</u>.] [OE. <i>endevor</i>; pref. <i>en-
</i> + <i>dever</i>, <i>devoir</i>, duty, F. <i>devoir</i>: cf. F.
<i>se mettre en devoir de faire quelque chose</i> to try to do a
thing, to go about it. See <u>Devoir</u>, <u>Debt</u>.] [Written also
<i>endeavour</i>.] <def>To exert physical or intellectual strength
for the attainment of; to use efforts to effect; to strive to achieve
or reach; to try; to attempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is our duty to <i>endeavor</i> the recovery of
these beneficial subjects.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Chatham.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To endeavor one's self</b></col>, <cd>to exert one's self
strenuously to the fulfillment of a duty.</cd> [Obs.] "A just man
that <i>endeavoreth himself</i> to leave all wickedness."
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*deav"or</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To exert one's
self; to work for a certain end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And such were praised who but <i>endeavored</i>
well.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>Usually with an infinitive; as, to <i>endeavor</i> to outstrip an
antagonist.</p>

<p><blockquote>He had . . . <i>endeavored</i> earnestly to do his
duty.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To attempt; try; strive; struggle; essay; aim;
seek.</p>

<p><hw>En*deav"or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>endeavour</i>.] <def>An exertion of physical or intellectual
strength toward the attainment of an object; a systematic or
continuous attempt; an effort; a trial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To employ all my <i>endeavor</i> to obey
you.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To do one's endeavor</b></col>, <cd>to do one's duty; to
put forth strenuous efforts to attain an object; -- a phrase derived
from the Middle English phrase "to do one's <i>dever</i>"
(duty).</cd> "Mr. Prynne proceeded to show he <i>had done
endeavor</i> to prepare his answer."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Essay; trial; effort; exertion. See
<u>Attempt</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En*deav"or*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes an effort or attempt.</def> [Written also
<i>endeavourer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>En*deav"or*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
endeavoring; endeavor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dec"a*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hendecagon</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane figure of eleven
sides and angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`de*cag"y*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
eleven + &?; female.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having eleven pistils; as,
an <i>endecagynous</i> flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"de*cane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; eleven.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the higher hydrocarbons of the paraffin
series, C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>24</sub>, found as a constituent of
petroleum.</def> [Written also <i>hendecane</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>En`de*caph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
eleven + &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Composed of eleven leaflets; -
- said of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*deic"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to point out, show; &?; in + &?; to show.] <def>Serving to show or
exhibit; as, an <i>endeictic</i> dialogue, in the Platonic
philosophy, is one which exhibits a specimen of skill.</def>
<i>Enfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En*deix"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
indication. See <u>Endeictic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
indication.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*de"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Endemic.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>En*de"mic</hw> (?), <hw>En*de"mic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;; &?; + &?; the people: cf. F.
<i>end&eacute;mique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Peculiar to a district
or particular locality, or class of persons; as, an <i>endemic</i>
disease.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An <i>endemic disease</i> is one which is constantly
present to a greater or less degree in any place, as distinguished
from an <i>epidemic disease</i>, which prevails widely at some one
time, or periodically, and from a <i>sporadic disease</i>, of which a
few instances occur now and then.</p>

<p><hw>En*dem"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
endemic disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear, which is an <i>endemic</i> latent in every human
heart, sometimes rises into an epidemic.</blockquote> <i>J. B.
Heard.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dem"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
endemic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dem`i*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
science which treats of endemic affections.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*den`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of naturalizing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>En*den"ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
endenizen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*den"i*zen</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-
</i> + <i>denizen</i>.  Cf. <u>Indenizen</u>.] <def>To admit to the
privileges of a denizen; to naturalize.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>End"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, makes an end of something; as, the <i>ender</i> of my
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`der*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Endermic.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*der"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; in + &?;
skin.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Acting through the skin, or by direct
application to the skin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Endermic method</b></col>, <cd>that in which the medicine
enters the system through the skin, being applied either to the sound
skin, or to the surface denuded of the cuticle by a blister.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En*der"mic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By the
endermic method; as, applied <i>endermically</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En"de*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
in + &?; skin.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The deep sensitive and vascular
layer of the skin and mucous membranes.</def> --
<wf>En`de*ron"ic</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*di"a*demed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Diademed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>En*di"a*per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Diaper</u>.] <def>To decorate with a diaper pattern.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Indict</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dict"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Indictment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>End"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Termination; concluding part; result; conclusion; destruction;
death.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The final syllable or
letter of a word; the part joined to the stem. See 3d <u>Case</u>,
5.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ending day</b></col>, <cd>day of death.</cd>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Indite</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"dive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>endive</i> (cf.
Pr., Sp. Pg.,  &amp; It. <i>endivia</i>), fr. a deriv. of L.
<i>intibus</i>, <i>intybus</i>, endive.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
composite herb (<i>Cichorium Endivia</i>). Its finely divided and
much curled leaves, when blanched, are used for salad.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wild endive</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>chicory or
succory.</cd></p>

<p><hw>End"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>endele&aacute;s</i>. See <u>End</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Without end; having no end or conclusion; perpetual;
interminable; -- applied to length, and to duration; as, an
<i>endless</i> line; <i>endless</i> time; <i>endless</i> bliss;
<i>endless</i> praise; <i>endless</i> clamor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Infinite; excessive; unlimited.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without profitable end; fruitless;
unsatisfying.</def> [R.] "All loves are <i>endless</i>."  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Void of design; objectless; as, an
<i>endless</i> pursuit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Endless chain</b></col>, <cd>a chain which is made
continuous by uniting its two ends.</cd> -- <col><b>Endless
screw</b></col>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Screw</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Eternal; everlasting; interminable; infinite;
unlimited; incessant; perpetual; uninterrupted; continual; unceasing;
unending; boundless; undying; imperishable.</p>

<p><hw>End"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an endless
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>End"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>endele&aacute;snys</i>.] <def>The quality of being endless;
perpetuity.</def></p>

<p><hw>End"long`</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>adv. &amp; prep.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Along</u>.] <def>Lengthwise; along.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The doors were all of adamants eterne,<BR>
I-clenched overthwart and <i>endelong</i><BR>
With iron tough.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He pricketh <i>endelong</i> the large
space.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To thrust the raft <i>endlong</i> across the
moat.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>End"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Farthest;
remotest; at the very end.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>En"do-</hw> (?), <hw>End-</hw> (?) }. [Gr.
<grk>'e`ndon</grk> within, fr. &?; in. See <u>In</u>.] <def>A
combining form signifying <i>within</i>; as, <i>endo</i>carp,
<i>endo</i>gen, <i>endo</i>cuneiform, <i>end</i>aspidean.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> +
<i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Entoblast; endoplast. See
<u>Nucleus</u>,</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*blas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Relating to the endoblast; as, the <i>endoblastic</i>
layer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En`do*car"di*ac</hw> (?), <hw>En`do*car"di*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the
endocardium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Seated or generated within
the heart; as, <i>endocardial</i> murmurs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*car*di"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
endocardium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*car"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'e`ndon</grk> within + <grk>kardi`a</grk> heart.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The membrane lining the cavities of the heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> + Gr.
&?; fruit: cf. F. <i>endocarpe</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The inner
layer of a ripened or fructified ovary.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*chon"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> +
Gr. &?; cartilage.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Growing or developing
within cartilage; -- applied esp. to developing bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> +
Gr. &?; color.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The coloring matter within the
cells of plants, whether green, red, yellow, or any other
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*doc"trine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-
</i> + <i>doctrine</i>.] <def>To teach; to indoctrinate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"do*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> + Gr.
&?; bladder, a bag.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The inner layer of the
cells of Bryozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> + Gr.
&?; skin.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The inner layer of
the skin or integument of an animal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The innermost layer of the blastoderm and the structures derived
from it; the hypoblast; the entoblast. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Ectoderm</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En`do*der"mal</hw> (?), <hw>En`do*der"mic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
endoderm.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*der"mis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Endoderm</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A layer of cells forming a kind
of cuticle inside of the proper cortical layer, or surrounding an
individual fibrovascular bundle.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dog"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> +
Gr. &?; marriage.] <def>Marrying within the same tribe; -- opposed to
<i>exogamous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dog"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Marriage only
within the tribe; a custom restricting a man in his choice of a wife
to the tribe to which he belongs; -- opposed to
<i>exogamy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> + <i>-
gen</i>: cf. F. <i>endog&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant
which increases in size by internal growth and elongation at the
summit, having the wood in the form of bundles or threads,
irregularly distributed throughout the whole diameter, not forming
annual layers, and with no distinct pith. The leaves of the endogens
have, usually, parallel veins, their flowers are mostly in three, or
some multiple of three, parts, and their embryos have but a single
cotyledon, with the first leaves alternate. The endogens constitute
one of the great primary classes of plants, and included all palms,
true lilies, grasses, rushes, orchids, the banana, pineapple, etc.
See <u>Exogen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i>
+ <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Endogeny.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Endogenous.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Increasing by internal growth
and elongation at the summit, instead of externally, and having no
distinction of pith, wood, and bark, as the rattan, the palm, the
cornstalk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Originating from within;
increasing by internal growth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Endogenous multiplication</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a
method of cell formation, seen in cells having a cell wall. The
nucleus and protoplasm divide into two distinct masses; these in turn
become divided and subdivided, each division becoming a new cell,
until finally the original cell wall is ruptured and the new cells
are liberated (see <u>Segmentation</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Cell
Division</i>, under <u>Division</u>). This mode of growth is
characteristic of many forms of cells, both animal and
vegetable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En*dog"e*nous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
endogenous growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Endogenesis</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Growth from within;
multiplication of cells by endogenous division, as in the development
of one or more cells in the interior of a parent cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"dog*nath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> + Gr.
<grk>gna`qos</grk> the jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The inner or
principal branch of the oral appendages of Crustacea. See
<u>Maxilla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dog"na*thal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the endognath.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*lymph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> +
<i>lymph</i>: cf. F. <i>endolymphe</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
watery fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the internal
ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*lym*phan"gi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-
</i> + <i>lymphangial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Within a lymphatic
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*lym*phat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i>
+ <i>lymphatic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, endolymph; as, the
<i>endolymphatic</i> duct.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Within a
lymphatic vessel; endolymphangial.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dome"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover as
with a dome.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*me*tri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Endometrium</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of the endometrium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*me"tri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'e`ndon</grk> within + <grk>mh`tra</grk> the womb.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The membrane lining the inner surface of the
uterus, or womb.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> + Gr.
&?; form.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A crystal of one species inclosed
within one of another, as one of rutile inclosed in quartz.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*my"si*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'e`ndon</grk> within + <grk>my^s</grk> a muscle.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The delicate bands of connective tissue interspersed among
muscular fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*neu"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'e`ndon</grk> within + &?; a sinew, nerve.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The delicate bands of connective tissue among nerve
fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*par"a*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i>
+ <i>parasite</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any parasite which lives
in the internal organs of an animal, as the tapeworms, Trichina,
etc.; -- opposed to <i>ectoparasite</i>. See
<u>Entozo&ouml;n</u>.</def> -- <wf>En`do*par`a*sit"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 491 !></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*phl&oelig;"um</hw>
(&ebreve;n`d&omacr;*fl&emacr;"&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>'e`ndon</grk> within + <grk>floio`s</grk> bark.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The inner layer of the bark of trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*phrag"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'e`ndon</grk> + <grk>fra`gma</grk> a fence.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A chitinous structure above the nervous cord in the thorax of
certain Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*phrag"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
endophragma.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*doph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> +
Gr. <grk>fy`llon</grk> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Wrapped up within a
leaf or sheath.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> + Gr.
&?; anything formed or molded.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The protoplasm in
the interior of a cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*plas"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Endoplasm</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Entoplasm</u> and
<u>Endosarc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*plast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> + Gr.
&?; to form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See <u>Nucleus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*plas"ti*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?;  within + &?; plastic.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group
of Rhizopoda having a distinct nucleus, as the am&oelig;ba.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*plas"tule</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A dim.
fr. <i>endo-</i> + Gr. &?; to mold.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Nucleolus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*pleu"ra</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
within + &?; rib, side. See <u>Pleura</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
inner coating of a seed. See <u>Tegmen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*pleu"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> +
Gr. &?; a rib.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The portion of each apodeme
developed from the interepimeral membrane in certain
crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dop"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, a foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The internal or
principal branch of the locomotive appendages of Crustacea. See
<u>Maxilliped</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*rhi"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Endorhiz&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;  within +
&?; root.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any monocotyledonous plant; -- so named
because many monocotyledons have an endorhizal embryo.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Endorhiza</i> was proposed by Richard as a substitute
for the term <i>endogen</i>, and <i>exorhiza</i> as a substitute for
the term <i>exogen</i>; but they have not been generally adopted.</p>

<p>{ <hw>En`do*rhi"zal</hw> (?), <hw>En`do*rhi"zous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the radicle of the
embryo sheathed by the cotyledon, through which the embryo bursts in
germination, as in many monocotyledonous plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dorse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Endorsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Endorsing</u>.] [Formerly <i>endosse</i>, fr. F. <i>endosser</i>
to put on the back, to endorse; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) +
<i>dos</i> back, L. <i>dorsum</i>. See <u>Dorsal</u>, and cf.
<u>Indorse</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Indorse</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Both <i>endorse</i> and <i>indorse</i> are used by good
writers; but the tendency is to the more general use of
<i>indorse</i> and its derivatives <i>indorsee</i>, <i>indorser</i>,
and <i>indorsement</i>.</p>

<p><hw>En*dorse"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A
subordinary, resembling the pale, but of one fourth its width
(according to some writers, one eighth).</def></p>

<p><hw>En`dor*see"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Indorsee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dorse"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>endossement</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Indorsement</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dors"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Indorser</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*sarc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> + Gr.
&?;, &?;, flesh.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The semifluid, granular
interior of certain unicellular organisms, as the inner layer of
sarcode in the am&oelig;ba; entoplasm; endoplasta.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument for examining the
interior of the rectum, the urethra, and the bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The art or process of examining by means of the
endoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*skel"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or connected with, the endoskeleton; as,
<i>endoskeletal</i> muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*skel"e*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i>
+ <i>skeleton</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The bony, cartilaginous, or
other internal framework of an animal, as distinguished from the
<i>exoskeleton</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`dos*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Endosmose</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
instrument for measuring the force or amount of endosmotic
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dos`mo*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or designed for, the measurement of endosmotic
action.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En"dos*mose`</hw> (?), <hw>En`dos*mo"sis</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>endosmosis</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>'e`ndon</grk> within + &?; a thrusting, impulsion, fr. &?; to
push: cf. F. <i>endosmose</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The
transmission of a fluid or gas from without inward in the phenomena,
or by the process, of osmose.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`dos*mos"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Endosmotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`dos*mot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to endosmose; of the nature endosmose; osmotic.</def>
<i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"do*sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> + Gr.
&?; seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The albumen of a seed; -- limited by
recent writers to that formed within the embryo sac.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*sper"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Relating to, accompanied by, or containing, endosperm.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> +
<i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The thin inner coat of certain
spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*spor"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the spores contained in a case; -- applied to
fungi.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*doss"</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>endosser</i>. See <u>Endorse</u>.] <def>To put upon the back or
outside of anything; -- the older spelling of <i>endorse</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dos"te*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Relating to endostosis; as, <i>endosteal</i>
ossification.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*ster"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> +
<i>sternum</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The part of each apodeme
derived from the intersternal membrane in Crustacea and
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En*dos"te*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; + &?; a bone.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The layer of vascular
connective tissue lining the medullary cavities of bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En*dos"to*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; + &?;, &?;, the mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A plate which
supports the labrum in certain Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*stome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Endostoma</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The foramen
or passage through the inner integument of an ovule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>And
endostoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`dos*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Endo-
</u>, and <u>Ostosis</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A process of bone
formation in which ossification takes place within the substance of
the cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"do*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> + Gr.
&?; a pillar.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fold of the endoderm, which
projects into the blood cavity of ascidians. See
<u>Tunicata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>'e`ndon</grk> within + <grk>qh`kh</grk> a case, box, fr. &?; to
place.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The tissue which partially fills the
interior of the interseptal chambers of most madreporarian corals. It
usually consists of a series of oblique tranverse septa, one above
another.</def> -- <wf>En`do*the"cal</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*the"ci*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Endotheca</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The inner lining of an anther
cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*the"li*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of, or relating to, endothelium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*the"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Endothelia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'e`ndon</grk>
within + &?; nipple.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The thin epithelium lining
the blood vessels, lymphatics, and serous cavities. See
<u>Epithelium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*the"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Endothelium</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Like
endothelium.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`do*tho"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Endo-</i> +
<i>thorax</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An internal process of the
sternal plates in the thorax of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Endowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Endowing</u>.] [OF. <i>endouer</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + F. <i>douer</i> to endow, L. <i>dotare</i>. See
<u>Dower</u>, and cf. 2d <u>Endue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
furnish with money or its equivalent, as a permanent fund for
support; to make pecuniary provision for; to settle an income upon;
especially, to furnish with dower; as, to <i>endow</i> a wife; to
<i>endow</i> a public institution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Endowing</i> hospitals and almshouses.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enrich or furnish with anything of the
nature of a gift (as a quality or faculty); -- followed by
<i>with</i>, rarely by <i>of</i>; as, man is <i>endowed</i> by his
Maker with reason; to <i>endow</i> with privileges or
benefits.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>endouairer</i>. See <u>Dower</u>, <u>Endow</u>.] <def>To
endow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dow"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
endows.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dow"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of bestowing a dower, fund, or permanent provision for
support.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is bestowed or settled on a
person or an institution; property, fund, or revenue permanently
appropriated to any object; as, the <i>endowment</i> of a church, a
hospital, or a college.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is given or bestowed upon the
person or mind; gift of nature; accomplishment; natural capacity;
talents; -- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His early <i>endowments</i> had fitted him for the
work he was to do.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En`do*zo"a</hw> (&ebreve;n`d&osl;*z&omacr;"&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'e`ndon</grk> within +
<grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Entozoa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*drudge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>drudge</i>.] <def>To make a drudge or slave of.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*due"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Endued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enduing</u>.] [L. <i>induere</i>, prob. confused with E.
<i>endow</i>. See <u>Indue</u>.] <def>To invest.</def>
<i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be
<i>endued</i> with power from on high.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxiv.
49.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Endue</i> them . . .  with heavenly
gifts.</blockquote> <i>Book of Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*due"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>An older spelling
of <u>Endow</u>.</def>  <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*due"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
enduing; induement.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dur"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>endurable</i>. See <u>Endure</u>.] <def>Capable of being endured
or borne; sufferable.</def> <i>Macaulay.</i> --
<wf>En*dur"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*dur"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an endurable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dur"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>endurance</i>. See <u>Endure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state
or quality of lasting or duration; lastingness;
continuance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Slurring with an evasive answer the question
concerning the <i>endurance</i> of his own possession.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of bearing or suffering; a
continuing under pain or distress without resistance, or without
being overcome; sufferance; patience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their fortitude was most admirable in their patience
and <i>endurance</i> of all evils, of pain and of death.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Suffering; patience; fortitude; resignation.</p>

<p><hw>En*dur"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
enduring fatigue, pain, hunger, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ibex is a remarkably <i>endurant</i>
animal.</blockquote> <i>J. G. Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Endured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enduring</u> (?).] [F. <i>endurer</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + <i>durer</i> to last. See <u>Dure</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Indurate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
continue in the same state without perishing; to last; to
remain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their verdure still <i>endure</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall hold it [his house] fast, but it shall not
<i>endure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Job viii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remain firm, as under trial or
suffering; to suffer patiently or without yielding; to bear up under
adversity; to hold out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can thine heart <i>endure</i>, or can thine hands be
strong in the days that I shall deal with thee?</blockquote> <i>Ezek.
xxii. 14.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dure"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To remain firm under; to sustain; to undergo; to support without
breaking or yielding; as, metals <i>endure</i> a certain degree of
heat without melting; to <i>endure</i> wind and weather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both were of shining steel, and wrought so pure,<BR>
As might the strokes of two such arms <i>endure</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bear with patience; to suffer without
opposition or without sinking under the pressure or affliction; to
bear up under; to put up with; to tolerate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will no longer <i>endure</i> it.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore I <i>endure</i> all things for the elect's
sake.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim. ii. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How can I <i>endure</i> to see the evil that shall
come unto my people?</blockquote> <i>Esther viii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To harden; to toughen; to make
hardy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Manly limbs <i>endured</i> with little
ease.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To last; remain; continue; abide; brook; submit to;
suffer.</p>

<p><hw>En*dure"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>endurement</i>.] <def>Endurance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*dur"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, endures or lasts; one who bears, suffers, or
sustains.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dur"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lasting; durable;
long-suffering; as, an <i>enduring</i> disposition.</def> "A better
and <i>enduring</i> substance." <i>Heb. x. 34.</i> --
<wf>En*dur"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>T. Arnold.</i> --
<wf>En*dur"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>End"ways`</hw> (?), <hw>End"wise</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On end; erectly; in an
upright position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With the end forward.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En"dy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
garment.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Ependyma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En"dy*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Endyses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a putting on, fr.
&?; to put on.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The act of developing a new coat
of hair, a new set of feathers, scales, etc.; -- opposed to
<i>ecdysis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"e*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>enecatus</i>, p. p. of <i>enecare</i>; <i>e</i> out, utterly +
<i>necare</i> to kill.] <def>To kill off; to destroy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ne"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>&AElig;neid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"e*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Enemata</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>enema</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
send in; &?; in + &?; to send.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An injection, or
clyster, thrown into the rectum as a medicine, or to impart
nourishment.</def>  <i>Hoblyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"e*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Enemies</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>enemi</i>, F. <i>ennemi</i>,
from L. <i>inimicus</i>; <i>in-</i> (negative) + <i>amicus</i>
friend. See <u>Amicable</u>.] <def>One hostile to another; one who
hates, and desires or attempts the injury of, another; a foe; an
adversary; as, an <i>enemy</i> of or to a person; an <i>enemy</i> to
truth, or to falsehood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To all good he <i>enemy</i> was still.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I say unto you, Love your <i>enemies</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. v. 44.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The enemy</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the hostile force.
In this sense it is construed with the verb and pronoun either in the
singular or the plural, but more commonly in the singular; as, we
have met <i>the enemy</i> and <i>he is</i> ours or <i>they are</i>
ours.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>It was difficult in such a country to track <i>the
enemy</i>. It was impossible to drive him to bay.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Foe; antagonist; opponent. See
<u>Adversary</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En"e*my</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hostile;
inimical.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . every day grow more <i>enemy</i> to
God.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*ep`i*der"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-
</i> (Gr. &?;) + <i>epidermic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Applied to the
skin without friction; -- said of medicines.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En`er*get"ic</hw> (?), <hw>En`er*get"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to work, be active, fr. &?;
active. See <u>Energy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having energy or
energies; possessing a capacity for vigorous action or for exerting
force; active.</def> "A Being eternally <i>energetic</i>."
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting energy; operating with force,
vigor, and effect; forcible; powerful; efficacious; as,
<i>energetic</i> measures; <i>energetic</i> laws.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Forcible; powerful; efficacious; potent; vigorous;
effective; strenuous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>En`er*get"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>En`er*get"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En`er*get"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That branch
of science which treats of the laws governing the physical or
mechanical, in distinction from the vital, forces, and which
comprehends the consideration and general investigation of the whole
range of the forces concerned in physical phenomena.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>En*er"gic</hw> (?), <hw>En*er"gic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;nergique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a state of action; acting;
operating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having energy or great power;
energetic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>energic</i> faculty that we call
will.</blockquote> <i>Blackw. Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"er*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Energized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Energizing</u> (?).] [From <u>Energy</u>.] <def>To
use strength in action; to act or operate with force or vigor; to act
in producing an effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of all men it is true that they feel and
<i>energize</i> first, they reflect and judge
afterwards.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"er*gize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give strength
or force to; to make active; to alacrify; as, to <i>energize</i> the
will.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"er*gi`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, gives energy, or acts in producing an effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"er*gi`zing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
imparting or exercising energy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those nobler exercises of <i>energizing</i>
love.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`er*gu"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>energumenos</i>, fr. Gr. &?; possessed by an evil spirit, from
&?;: cf. F. <i>&eacute;nergum&egrave;ne</i>. See <u>Energetic</u>.]
<i>(Eccl. Antiq.)</i> <def>One possessed by an evil spirit; a
demoniac.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"er*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Energies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>&eacute;nergie</i>, LL.
<i>energia</i>, fr. Gr.&?;, fr. &?; active; &?; in + &?; work. See
<u>In</u>, and <u>Work</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Internal or
inherent power; capacity of acting, operating, or producing an
effect, whether exerted or not; as, men possessing <i>energies</i>
may suffer them to lie inactive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>energies</i> of nature are known to us
only by their effects.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power efficiently and forcibly exerted;
vigorous or effectual operation; as, the <i>energy</i> of a
magistrate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Strength of expression; force of
utterance; power to impress the mind and arouse the feelings; life;
spirit; -- said of speech, language, words, style; as, a style full
of <i>energy</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Capacity for performing
work.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>kinetic energy</i> of a body is the energy it has in
virtue of being in motion. It is measured by one half of the product
of the mass of each element of the body multiplied by the square of
the velocity of the element, relative to some given body or point.
The <i>available kinetic energy</i> of a material system unconnected
with any other system is that energy which is due to the motions of
the parts of the system relative to its center of mass. The
<i>potential energy</i> of a body or system is that energy which is
not kinetic; -- energy due to configuration. <i>Kinetic energy</i> is
sometimes called <i>actual energy</i>. <i>Kinetic energy</i> is
exemplified in the <i>vis viva</i> of moving bodies, in heat,
electric currents, etc.; <i>potential energy</i>, in a bent spring,
or a body suspended a given distance above the earth and acted on by
gravity.</p>

<p><! p. 492 !></p>

<p><col><b>Accumulation</b></col>, <col><b>Conservation</b></col>,
<col><b>Correlation</b></col>, &and; <col><b>Degradation of
energy</b></col>, <cd>etc. <i>(Physics)</i> See under
<u>Accumulation</u>, <u>Conservation</u>, <u>Correlation</u>,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Force; power; potency; vigor; strength; spirit;
efficiency; resolution.</p>

<p><hw>E*ner"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enervated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Enervating</u>.] [L. <i>enervatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>enervare</i>, fr. <i>enervis</i> nerveless, weak; <i>e</i> out +
<i>nervus</i> nerve. See <u>Nerve</u>.] <def>To deprive of nerve,
force, strength, or courage; to render feeble or impotent; to make
effeminate; to impair the moral powers of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man . . . <i>enervated</i> by
licentiousness.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And rhyme began t' <i>enervate</i>
poetry.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To weaken; enfeeble; unnerve; debilitate.</p>

<p><hw>E*ner"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>enervatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Weakened; weak; without strength of
force.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`er*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>enervatio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;nervation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of weakening, or reducing
strength.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being weakened;
effeminacy.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ner"va*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
power, or a tendency, to enervate; weakening.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*nerve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;nerver</i>. See <u>Enervate</u>.] <def>To weaken; to
enervate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nerv"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>enervis</i>,
<i>enervus</i>.] <def>Lacking nerve or force; enervated.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>En*fam"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To famish;
to starve.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*fect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Infect</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Contaminated with illegality.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*fee"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enfeebled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Enfeebling</u> (?).] [OF. <i>enfeblir</i>,
<i>enfeiblir</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>feble</i>, F.
<i>faible</i>, feeble. See <u>Feeble</u>.] <def>To make feeble; to
deprive of strength; to reduce the strength or force of; to weaken;
to debilitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Enfeebled</i> by scanty subsistence and excessive
toil.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To weaken; debilitate; enervate.</p>

<p><hw>En*fee"ble*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
weakening; enervation; weakness.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*fee"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, weakens or makes feeble.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*fee"blish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
enfeeble.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*fel"oned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>felon</i>: cf. OF. <i>enfelonner</i>.] <def>Rendered fierce or
frantic.</def> [Obs.] "Like one <i>enfeloned</i> or distraught."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*feoff"</hw> (?; see <u>Feoff</u>, 277), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enfeoffed</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Enfeoffing</u>.] [Pref. <i>en-
</i> + <i>feoff</i>, <i>fief</i>: cf. LL. <i>infeofare</i>, OF.
<i>enfeffer</i>, <i>enfeofer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>To give a feud, or right in land, to; to invest with a fief or
fee; to invest (any one) with a freehold estate by the process of
feoffment.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give in vassalage; to make
subservient.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[The king] <i>enfeoffed</i> himself to
popularity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*feoff"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of enfeoffing.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The instrument or deed by which one is
invested with the fee of an estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*fes"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
fester.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Enfestered</i> sores."  <i>Davies (Holy
Roode).</i></p>

<p><hw>En*fet"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bind in
fetters; to enchain.</def> "<i>Enfettered</i> to her love."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*fe"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>fever</i>: cf. F. <i>enfi&eacute;vrer</i>.] <def>To excite fever
in.</def> [R.]  <i>A. Seward.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*fierce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enfierced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Enfiercing</u> (?).] <def>To make fierce.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`fi*lade"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>enfiler</i> to thread, go trough a street or square, rake with
shot; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>fil</i> thread. See
<u>File</u> a row.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A line or straight
passage, or the position of that which lies in a straight line.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A firing in the direction of
the length of a trench, or a line of parapet or troops, etc.; a
raking fire.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`fi*lade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enfiladed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enfilading</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To pierce, scour, or rake with
shot in the direction of the length of, as a work, or a line of
troops.</def>  <i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*filed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [F. <i>enfiler</i>
to pierce, thread.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having some object, as the
head of a man or beast, impaled upon it; as, a sword which is said to
be "<i>enfiled</i> of" the thing which it pierces.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*fire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set on
fire.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*flesh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clothe
with flesh.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Vices which are . . . <i>enfleshed</i> in
him.</blockquote> <i>Florio.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*flow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enflowered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Enflowering</u>.] <def>To cover or deck with
flowers.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>These odorous and <i>enflowered</i>
fields.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*fold"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To infold. See
<u>Infold</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*fold"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
infolding. See <u>Infoldment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*force"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enforced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enforcing</u> (?).] [OF. <i>enforcier</i> to strengthen, force, F.
<i>enforcir</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + F. <i>force</i>.
See <u>Force</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put force upon; to
force; to constrain; to compel; as, to <i>enforce</i> obedience to
commands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inward joy <i>enforced</i> my heart to
smile.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make or gain by force; to obtain by
force; as, to <i>enforce</i> a passage.</def> "<i>Enforcing</i>
furious way."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put in motion or action by violence; to
drive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As swift as stones<BR>
<i>Enforced</i> from the old Assyrian slings.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give force to; to strengthen; to
invigorate; to urge with energy; as, to <i>enforce</i> arguments or
requests.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Enforcing</i> sentiment of the thrust
humanity.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To put in force; to cause to take effect;
to give effect to; to execute with vigor; as, to <i>enforce</i> the
laws.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To urge; to ply hard; to lay much stress
upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Enforce</i> him with his envy to the
people.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*force</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To attempt by force.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prove; to evince.</def> [R.]
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strengthen; to grow strong.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*force"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Force; strength;
power.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A petty enterprise of small
<i>enforce</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*force"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being enforced.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*forced"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Compelled;
forced; not voluntary.</def> "<i>Enforced</i> wrong."
"<i>Enforced</i> smiles." <i>Shak.</i> -- <wf>En*for"ced*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*force"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>enforcement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of enforcing;
compulsion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that contendeth against these <i>enforcements</i>
may easily master or resist them.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Confess 't was hers, and by what rough
<i>enforcement</i><BR>
You got it from her.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A giving force to; a putting in
execution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Enforcement</i> of strict military
discipline.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which enforces, constraints, gives
force, authority, or effect to; constraint; force applied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rewards and punishment of another life, which the
Almighty has established as the <i>enforcements</i> of his
law.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*for"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
enforces.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*for"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
enforced.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*for"cive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
enforce or constrain; compulsive.</def> <i>Marsion.</i> --
<wf>En*for"cive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*for"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn into
a forest.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>enformer</i>. See <u>Inform</u>.] <def>To form; to fashion.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*foul"dred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ OF. <i>fouldre</i>, <i>foldre</i>, lightning, F. <i>foudre</i>, L.
<i>fulgur</i>.] <def>Mixed with, or emitting, lightning.</def> [Obs.]
"With foul <i>enfouldred</i> smoke."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*frame"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose,
as in a frame.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*fran"chise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enfranchised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Enfranchising</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>franchise</i>: cf. F. <i>enfranchir</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To set free; to liberate from slavery, prison, or any binding
power.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endow with a franchise; to incorporate
into a body politic and thus to invest with civil and political
privileges; to admit to the privileges of a freeman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To receive as denizens; to naturalize; as,
to <i>enfranchise</i> foreign words.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*fran"chise*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Releasing from slavery or custody.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Admission to the freedom of a corporation
or body politic; investiture with the privileges of free
citizens.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Enfranchisement of copyhold</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>,
<cd>the conversion of a copyhold estate into a freehold.</cd>
<i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*fran"chis*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
enfranchises.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*free"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set
free.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>enfreed</i> Antenor."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*free"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set
free.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*freeze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To freeze;
to congeal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast <i>enfrozened</i> her disdainful
breast.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*fro"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
froward, perverse, or ungovernable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir E.
Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Engaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Engaging</u> (?).] [F. <i>engager</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + <i>gage</i> pledge, pawn. See <u>Gage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put under pledge; to pledge; to place
under obligations to do or forbear doing something, as by a pledge,
oath, or promise; to bind by contract or promise.</def> "I to thee
<i>engaged</i> a prince's word."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gain for service; to bring in as
associate or aid; to enlist; as, to <i>engage</i> friends to aid in a
cause; to <i>engage</i> men for service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To gain over; to win and attach; to
attract and hold; to draw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good nature <i>engages</i> everybody to
him.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To employ the attention and efforts of; to
occupy; to engross; to draw on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus shall mankind his guardian care
<i>engage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Taking upon himself the difficult task of
<i>engaging</i> him in conversation.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To enter into contest with; to encounter;
to bring to conflict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A favorable opportunity of <i>engaging</i> the
enemy.</blockquote> <i>Ludlow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To come into gear with; as,
the teeth of one cogwheel <i>engage</i> those of another, or one part
of a clutch <i>engages</i> the other part.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*gage"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To promise or pledge one's self; to enter into an obligation; to
become bound; to warrant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How proper the remedy for the malady, I <i>engage</i>
not.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To embark in a business; to take a part;
to employ or involve one's self; to devote attention and effort; to
enlist; as, to <i>engage</i> in controversy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To enter into conflict; to join battle;
as, the armies <i>engaged</i> in a general battle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To be in gear, as two
cogwheels working together.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*gaged"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Occupied; employed; busy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pledged; promised; especially, having the
affections pledged; promised in marriage; affianced;
betrothed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Greatly interested; of awakened zeal;
earnest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Involved; esp., involved in a hostile
encounter; as, the <i>engaged</i> ships continued the
fight.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Engaged column</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Attached column</i>. See under <u>Attach</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>En*ga"ged*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
attachment; with interest; earnestly.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ga"ged*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being deeply interested; earnestness; zeal.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*gage"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>engagement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of engaging,
pledging, enlisting, occupying, or entering into contest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being engaged, pledged or
occupied; specif., a pledge to take some one as husband or
wife.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which engages; engrossing occupation;
employment of the attention; obligation by pledge, promise, or
contract; an enterprise embarked in; as, his <i>engagements</i>
prevented his acceptance of any office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Religion, which is the chief <i>engagement</i> of our
league.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An action; a fight; a
battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In hot <i>engagement</i> with the Moors.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The state of being in gear;
as, one part of a clutch is brought into <i>engagement</i> with the
other part.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Vocation; business; employment; occupation;
promise; stipulation; betrothal; word; battle; combat; fight;
contest; conflict. See <u>Battle</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En*ga"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who enters
into an engagement or agreement; a surety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Several sufficient citizens were
<i>engagers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*ga"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to draw
the attention or affections; attractive; as, <i>engaging</i> manners
or address.</def> -- <wf>En*ga"ging*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
- <wf>En*ga"ging*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Engaging and disengaging</b></col> <col><b>gear or
machinery</b></col>, <cd>that in which, or by means of which, one
part is alternately brought into gear or out of gear with another
part, as occasion may require.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En*gal"lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a
gallant of.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gaol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>gaol</i>: cf. OF. <i>engaoler</i>, <i>engeoler</i>. See
<u>Gaol</u>, and cf. <u>Enjail</u>.] <def>To put in jail; to
imprison.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gar"boil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-
</i> + <i>garboil</i>.] <def>To throw into disorder; to
disturb.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>engarboil</i> the church."  <i>Bp.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gar"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-
</i> + <i>garland</i>: cf. F. <i>enguirlander</i>.] <def>To encircle
with a garland, or with garlands.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gar"ri*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
garrison; to put in garrison, or to protect by a garrison.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gas"tri*muth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
in + &?; belly + &?; to speak: cf. F. <i>engastrimythe</i>.] <def>An
ventriloquist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*gen"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Engendered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Engendering</u>.] [F. <i>engender</i>, L.
<i>ingenerare</i>; <i>in + generare</i> to beget. See
<u>Generate</u>, and cf. <u>Ingenerate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To produce by the union of the sexes; to beget.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to exist; to bring forth; to
produce; to sow the seeds of; as, angry words <i>engender</i>
strife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Engendering</i> friendship in all parts of the
common wealth.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To breed; generate; procreate; propagate; occasion;
call forth; cause; excite; develop.</p>

<p><hw>En*gen"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To assume form; to come into existence; to be caused or
produced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thick clouds are spread, and storms <i>engender</i>
there.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come together; to meet, as in sexual
embrace.</def> "I saw their mouths <i>engender</i>."
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gen"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, engenders.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`gen*drure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>engendreure</i>.] <def>The act of generation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gild"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gild; to
make splendent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair Helena, who most <i>engilds</i> the
night.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"gine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>engin</i> skill,
machine, engine, L. <i>ingenium</i> natural capacity, invention;
<i>in</i> in + the root of <i>gignere</i> to produce. See
<u>Genius</u>, and cf. <u>Ingenious</u>, <u>Gin</u> a snare.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>(Pronounced, in this sense, &?;&?;&?;&?;.)
Natural capacity; ability; skill.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man hath sapiences three,<BR>
Memory, <i>engine</i>, and intellect also.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything used to effect a purpose; any
device or contrivance; an agent.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You see the ways the fisherman doth take<BR>
To catch the fish; what <i>engines</i> doth he make?</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their promises, enticements, oaths, tokens, and all
these <i>engines</i> of lust.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any instrument by which any effect is
produced; especially, an instrument or machine of war or
torture.</def> "Terrible <i>engines</i> of death."  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A compound machine by which
any physical power is applied to produce a given physical
effect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Engine driver</b></col>, <cd>one who manages an engine;
specifically, the engineer of a locomotive.</cd> -- <col><b>Engine
lathe</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Lathe</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Engine tool</b></col>, <cd>a machine tool.</cd> <i>J.
Whitworth.</i> -- <col><b>Engine turning</b></col> <i>(Fine
Arts)</i>, <cd>a method of ornamentation by means of a rose
engine.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>engine</i> is more commonly applied to massive
machines, or to those giving power, or which produce some difficult
result. Engines, as motors, are distinguished according to the source
of power, as <i>steam engine</i>, <i>air engine</i>, <i>electro-
magnetic engine</i>; or the purpose on account of which the power is
applied, as <i>fire engine</i>, <i>pumping engine</i>, <i>locomotive
engine</i>; or some peculiarity of construction or operation, as
<i>single-acting</i> or <i>double-acting engine</i>, <i>high-
pressure</i> or <i>low-pressure engine</i>, <i>condensing engine</i>,
etc.</p>

<p><hw>En"gine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To assault with an engine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>engine</i> and batter our walls.</blockquote>
<i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To equip with an engine; -- said
especially of steam vessels; as, vessels are often built by one firm
and <i>engined</i> by another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>(Pronounced, in this sense,
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;.) To rack; to torture.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`gi*neer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>enginer</i>: cf. OF. <i>engignier</i>, F. <i>ing&eacute;nieur</i>.
See <u>Engine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
person skilled in the principles and practice of any branch of
engineering. See under <u>Engineering</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who manages as engine, particularly a
steam engine; an engine driver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who carries through an enterprise by
skillful or artful contrivance; an efficient manager.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Civil engineer</b></col>, <cd>a person skilled in the
science of civil engineering.</cd> -- <col><b>Military
engineer</b></col>, <cd>one who executes engineering works of a
military nature. See under <u>Engineering</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 493 !></p>

<p><hw>En`gi*neer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Engineered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Engineering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay out
or construct, as an engineer; to perform the work of an engineer on;
as, to <i>engineer</i> a road.</def>  <i>J. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use contrivance and effort for; to
guide the course of; to manage; as, to <i>engineer</i> a bill through
Congress.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>En`gi*neer"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Originally, the
art of managing engines; in its modern and extended sense, the art
and science by which the mechanical properties of matter are made
useful to man in structures and machines; the occupation and work of
an engineer.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a comprehensive sense, engineering includes
<i>architecture</i> as a mechanical art, in distinction from
architecture as a fine art. It was formerly divided into <i>military
engineering</i>, which is the art of designing and constructing
offensive and defensive works, and <i>civil engineering</i>, in a
broad sense, as relating to other kinds of public works, machinery,
etc. -- <col><b>Civil engineering</b></col>, in modern usage, is
strictly the art of planning, laying out, and constructing fixed
public works, such as railroads, highways, canals, aqueducts, water
works, bridges, lighthouses, docks, embankments, breakwaters, dams,
tunnels, etc. -- <col><b>Mechanical engineering</b></col> relates to
machinery, such as steam engines, machine tools, mill work, etc. --
<col><b>Mining engineering</b></col> deals with the excavation and
working of mines, and the extraction of metals from their ores, etc.
<i>Engineering</i> is further divided into steam engineering, gas
engineering, agricultural engineering, topographical engineering,
electrical engineering, etc.</p>

<p><hw>En"gine*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Enginemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who manages, or waits
on, an engine.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"gin*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Engineer</u>.] <def>A contriver; an inventor; a contriver of
engines.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"gine*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or art of managing engines, or artillery.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Engines, in general; instruments of
war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Training his devilish <i>enginery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any device or contrivance; machinery;
structure or arrangement.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"gine-sized`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sized by a
machine, and not while in the pulp; -- said of paper.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"gi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>engignos</i>. See <u>Ingenious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to an engine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That one act gives, like an <i>enginous</i> wheel,<BR>
Motion to all.</blockquote> <i>Decker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contrived with care; ingenious.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The mark of all <i>enginous</i> drifts.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gird"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Engirded</u> or <u>Engirt</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Engirding</u>.] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>gird</i>.
Cf. <u>Ingirt</u>.] <def>To gird; to encompass.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gir"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surround
as with a girdle; to girdle.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*girt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
engird.</def> [R.]  <i>Collins.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"gi*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; near +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A kind of reflecting
microscope.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*glaimed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>engleimen</i> to smear, <i>gleim</i> birdlime, glue, phlegm.]
<def>Clammy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>enghle</i> to
coax or cajole.  Cf. <u>Angle</u> a hook, one easily enticed, a gull,
<u>Ingle</u>.] <def>A favorite; a paramour; an ingle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cajole or coax,
as favorite.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll presently go and <i>engle</i> some
broker.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eng"lish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>Englisc</i>,
fr. <i>Engle</i>, <i>Angle</i>, Engles, Angles, a tribe of Germans
from the southeast of Sleswick, in Denmark, who settled in Britain
and gave it the name of <i>England</i>.  Cf. <u>Anglican</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to England, or to its inhabitants, or to the
present so-called Anglo-Saxon race.</def></p>

<p><col><b>English bond</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See 1st
<u>Bond</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</def> -- <col><b>English
breakfast tea</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Congou</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>English horn</b></col>. <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>See <u>Corno
Inglese</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>English walnut</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Walnut</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eng"lish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Collectively, the people of England; English people or
persons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of England or of the English
nation, and of their descendants in America, India, and other
countries.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The English language has been variously divided into
periods by different writers. In the division most commonly
recognized, the first period dates from about 450 to 1150. This is
the period of full inflection, and is called <i>Anglo-Saxon</i>, or,
by many recent writers, <i>Old English</i>. The second period dates
from about 1150 to 1550 (or, if four periods be recognized, from
about 1150 to 1350), and is called <i>Early English</i>, <i>Middle
English</i>, or more commonly (as in the usage of this book), <i>Old
English</i>. During this period most of the inflections were dropped,
and there was a great addition of French words to the language. The
third period extends from about 1350 to 1550, and is <i>Middle
English</i>. During this period orthography became comparatively
fixed. The last period, from about 1550, is called <i>Modern
English</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of printing type, in size between
Pica and Great Primer. See <u>Type</u>.</def></p>

<p> <englishtype>The type called <u>English</u>.</englishtype></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>A twist or spinning
motion given to a ball in striking it that influences the direction
it will take after touching a cushion or another ball.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The</b></col> <col><b>King's, or Queen's</b></col>,
<col><b>English</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>King</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eng"lish</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Englished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Englishing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To translate into the
English language; to Anglicize; hence, to interpret; to
explain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those gracious acts . . . may be <i>Englished</i> more
properly, acts of fear and dissimulation.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Caxton does not care to alter the French forms and
words in the book which he was <i>Englishing</i>.</blockquote> <i>T.
L. K. Oliphant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>To strike (the cue
ball) in such a manner as to give it in addition to its forward
motion a spinning motion, that influences its direction after impact
on another ball or the cushion.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Eng"lish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being translated into, or expressed in, English.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eng"lish*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A quality or characteristic peculiar to the English.</def>
<i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A form of expression peculiar to the
English language as spoken in England; an Anglicism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eng"lish*man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Englishmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>A native
or a naturalized inhabitant of England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eng"lish*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or privilege of being an Englishman.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body of English or people of English
descent; -- commonly applied to English people in Ireland.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A general massacre of the
<i>Englishry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eng"lish*wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Englishwomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Fem. of
<u>Englishman</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gloom"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
gloomy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>En*glue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>glue</i>: cf. F. <i>engluer</i> to smear with birdlime.] <def>To
join or close fast together, as with glue; as, a coffer well
<i>englued</i>.</def>  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*glut"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Englutted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Englutting</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>glut</i>: cf. F.
<i>engloutir</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swallow or gulp
down.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To glut.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Englutted</i>
with vanity."  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To gore; to pierce; to lacerate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Deadly <i>engored</i> of a great wild
boar.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make bloody.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gorge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Engorged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Engorging</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>gorge</i>: cf. F.
<i>engorger</i> to obstruct, cram.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To gorge;
to glut.</def>  <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To swallow with greediness or in large
quantities; to devour.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gorge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To feed with
eagerness or voracity; to stuff one's self with food.</def>
<i>Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gorged"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Swallowed with greediness, or in large
draughts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Filled to excess with blood
or other liquid; congested.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*gorge"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>engorgement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of swallowing
greedily; a devouring with voracity; a glutting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An overfullness or
obstruction of the vessels in some part of the system;
congestion.</def>  <i>Hoblyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The clogging of a blast
furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*gouled"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Partly swallowed; disappearing in the jaws of anything; as, an
infant <i>engouled</i> by a serpent; said also of an ordinary, when
its two ends to issue from the mouths of lions, or the like; as, a
bend <i>engouled</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`gou`l&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. p.
of <i>engouler</i> to swallow up; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) +
<i>gueule</i> mouth.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Engouled</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*graff"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ingraft</u>.] <def>To graft; to fix deeply.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*graff"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ingraftment</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*graft"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ingraft</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>En`graf*ta"tion</hw> (?), <hw>En*graft"ment</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of ingrafting; ingraftment.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>En*grail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Engrailed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Engrailing</u>.] [F. <i>engr&ecirc;ler</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + <i>gr&ecirc;le</i> hail. See <u>Grail</u> gravel.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To variegate or spot, as with hail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A caldron new <i>engrailed</i> with twenty
hues.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>To indent with small curves.
See <u>Engrailed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*grail"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form an edging
or border; to run in curved or indented lines.</def>
<i>Parnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*grailed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Indented with small concave curves, as the edge of a bordure,
bend, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*grail"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The ring of dots round the edge of a medal,
etc.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Indentation in curved lines,
as of a line of division or the edge of an ordinary.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*grain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Engrained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Engraining</u>.] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>grain</i>.  Cf.
<u>Ingrain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dye in grain, or of a
fast color. See <u>Ingrain</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leaves <i>engrained</i> in lusty green.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To incorporate with the grain or texture
of anything; to infuse deeply. See <u>Ingrain</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stain hath become <i>engrained</i> by
time.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To color in imitation of the grain of
wood; to grain. See <u>Grain</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*grap"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
grapple.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*grasp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Engrasped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Engrasping</u>.] <def>To grasp; to grip.</def> [R.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*grave"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>grave</i> a tomb.  Cf. <u>Engrave</u> to carve.] <def>To deposit
in the grave; to bury.</def> [Obs.] "Their corses to <i>engrave</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*grave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Engraved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Engraved</u> or <u>Engraven</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Engraving</u>.] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>grave</i> to
carve: cf. OF. <i>engraver</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut in;
to make by incision.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Full many wounds in his corrupted flesh<BR>
He did <i>engrave</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut with a graving instrument in order
to form an inscription or pictorial representation; to carve figures;
to mark with incisions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like . . . . a signet thou <i>engrave</i> the two
stones with the names of the children of Israel.</blockquote> <i>Ex.
xxviii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form or represent by means of incisions
upon wood, stone, metal, or the like; as, to <i>engrave</i> an
inscription.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To impress deeply; to infix, as if with a
graver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Engrave</i> principles in men's minds.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*graved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made by engraving or ornamented with engraving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the surface
covered with irregular, impressed lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*grave"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Engraving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Engraved work.</def> [R.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*grav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
engraves; a person whose business it is to produce engraved work,
especially on metal or wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*grav"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The trade or
work of an engraver.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*grav"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or art of producing upon hard material incised or raised
patterns, characters, lines, and the like; especially, the art of
producing such lines, etc., in the surface of metal plates or blocks
of wood. Engraving is used for the decoration of the surface itself;
also, for producing an original, from which a pattern or design may
be printed on paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is engraved; an engraved
plate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An impression from an engraved plate,
block of wood, or other material; a print.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Engraving on wood is called <i>xylography</i>; on copper,
<i>chalcography</i>; on stone <i>lithography</i>. Engravings or
prints take from wood blocks are usually called <i>wood cuts</i>,
those from stone, <i>lithographs</i>.</p>

<p><hw>En*greg"ge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>engregier</i>, from (assumed) LL. <i>ingreviare</i>; <i>in</i> +
(assumed) <i>grevis</i> heavy, for L. <i>gravis</i>.  Cf.
<u>Aggravate</u>.] <def>To aggravate; to make worse; to lie heavy
on.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*grieve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
grieve.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gross"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Engrossed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Engrossing</u>.] [F., fr. pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) +
<i>gros</i> gross, <i>grosse</i>, <i>n.</i>, an engrossed document:
cf. OF. <i>engrossir</i>, <i>engroissier</i>, to make thick, large,
or gross. See <u>Gross</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make gross,
thick, or large; to thicken; to increase in bulk or quantity.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Waves . . . <i>engrossed</i> with mud.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not sleeping, to <i>engross</i> his idle
body.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To amass.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>engross</i> up glorious deeds on my
behalf.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To copy or write in a large hand (<i>en
gross</i>, <i>i. e.</i>, in large); to write a fair copy of in
distinct and legible characters; as, to <i>engross</i> a deed or like
instrument on parchment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some period long past, when clerks <i>engrossed</i>
their stiff and formal chirography on more substantial
materials.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Laws that may be <i>engrossed</i> on a finger
nail.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To seize in the gross; to take the whole
of; to occupy wholly; to absorb; as, the subject <i>engrossed</i> all
his thoughts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To purchase either the whole or large
quantities of, for the purpose of enhancing the price and making a
profit; hence, to take or assume in undue quantity, proportion, or
degree; as, to <i>engross</i> commodities in market; to
<i>engross</i> power.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Engrossed bill</b></col> <i>(Legislation)</i>, <cd>one
which has been plainly engrossed on parchment, with all its
amendments, preparatory to final action on its passage.</cd> --
<col><b>Engrossing hand</b></col> <i>(Penmanship)</i>, <cd>a fair,
round style of writing suitable for engrossing legal documents,
legislative bills, etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To absorb; swallow up; imbibe; consume; exhaust;
occupy; forestall; monopolize. See <u>Absorb</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En*gross"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who copies a writing in large, fair characters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who takes the whole; a person who
purchases such quantities of articles in a market as to raise the
price; a forestaller.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gross"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of engrossing; as, the
<i>engrossment</i> of a deed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Engrossments</i> of power and favor.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which has been engrossed, as an
instrument, legislative bill, goods, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*guard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surround
as with a guard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*gulf"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Engulfed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Engulfing</u>.] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>gulf</i>: cf. OF.
<i>engolfer</i>.  Cf. <u>Ingulf</u>.] <def>To absorb or swallow up as
in a gulf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It quite <i>engulfs</i> all human
thought.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Absorb</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En*gulf"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A swallowing
up as if in a gulf.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>En*gyn"</hw> (?). <def>Variant of <u>Engine</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*ha"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surround
with a halo.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*hance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enhanced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enhancing</u> (?).] [Norm. F. <i>enhauncer</i>, <i>enhaucer</i>,
OF. <i>enhaleier</i>, <i>enhaucier</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + <i>haucier</i> to lift, raise up, from an assumed L.
<i>altiare</i>, fr. L. <i>altus</i> high; cf. Pr. <i>enansar</i>,
<i>enanzar</i>, to advance, exalt, and E. <i>advance</i>. See
<u>Altitude</u>, and cf. <u>Hawser</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
raise or lift up; to exalt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who, naught aghast, his mighty hand
<i>enhanced</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To advance; to augment; to increase; to
heighten; to make more costly or attractive; as, to <i>enhance</i>
the price of commodities; to <i>enhance</i> beauty or kindness;
hence, also, to render more heinous; to aggravate; as, to
<i>enhance</i> crime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reputation of ferocity <i>enhanced</i> the value
of their services, in making them feared as well as
hated.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*hance"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be raised up;
to grow larger; as, a debt <i>enhances</i> rapidly by compound
interest.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*hance"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
increasing, or state of being increased; augmentation; aggravation;
as, the <i>enhancement</i> of value, price, enjoyments,
crime.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*han"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
enhances; one who, or that which, raises the amount, price,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*har"bor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To find
harbor or safety in; to dwell in or inhabit.</def>  <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*hard"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>harden</i>: cf. F. <i>enhardir</i> to embolden.] <def>To harden;
to embolden.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>En`har*mon"ic</hw>
(&ebreve;n`h&adot;r*m&obreve;n"&ibreve;k), <hw>En`har*mon"ic*al</hw>
(-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'enarmoniko`s</grk>, <grk>'enarmo`nios</grk> fitting, accordant;
<grk>'en</grk> in + <grk>"armoni`a</grk> harmony: cf. F.
<i>enharmonique</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 494 !></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Mus.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
that one of the three kinds of musical scale (diatonic, chromatic,
enharmonic) recognized by the ancient Greeks, which consisted of
quarter tones and major thirds, and was regarded as the most
accurate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Pertaining to a change of notes to the eye, while, as the same
keys are used, the instrument can mark no difference to the ear, as
the substitution of A&flat; for G&sharp;.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Pertaining to a scale of perfect intonation which recognizes all
the notes and intervals that result from the exact tuning of diatonic
scales and their transposition into other keys.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`har*mon"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
the enharmonic style or system; in just intonation.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*heart"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give
heart to; to fill with courage; to embolden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The enemy exults and is
<i>enheartened</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*hedge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surround
as with a hedge.</def> [R.]  <i>Vicars.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*hort"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>enhorter</i>, <i>enorter</i>, L. <i>inhortari</i>.  Cf.
<u>Exhort</u>.] <def>To encourage.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>enhort</i> the
people."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*hun"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
hungry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those animal passions which vice had . . .
<i>enhungered</i> to feed on innocence and life.</blockquote> <i>J.
Martineau.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En*hy"dros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Enhydrous</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of chalcedony
containing water.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*hy"drous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; in +
&?; water.] <def>Having water within; containing fluid drops; -- said
of certain crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*nig"ma</hw> (&esl;*n&ibreve;g"m&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>enigmas</b></plw> (-
m&adot;z). [L. <i>aenigma</i>, Gr. <grk>a'i`nigma</grk>, fr.
<grk>a'ini`ssesqai</grk> to speak darkly, fr. <grk>a'i^nos</grk>
tale, fable.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dark, obscure, or
inexplicable saying; a riddle; a statement, the hidden meaning of
which is to be discovered or guessed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A custom was among the ancients of proposing an
<i>enigma</i> at festivals.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An action, mode of action, or thing, which
cannot be satisfactorily explained; a puzzle; as, his conduct is an
<i>enigma</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E`nig*mat"ic</hw> (?; 277), <hw>E`nig*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;nigmatique</i>.]
<def>Relating to or resembling an enigma; not easily explained or
accounted for; darkly expressed; obscure; puzzling; as, an
<i>enigmatical</i> answer.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`nig*mat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Darkly;
obscurely.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*nig"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>One who makes, or talks in, enigmas.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nig"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enigmatized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Enigmatizing</u> (?).] <def>To make, or talk in,
enigmas; to deal in riddles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*nig`ma*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <hw>E*nig`ma*tol"o*gy</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, an enigma + <i>-
graphy</i>, <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The art of making or of solving
enigmas.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*isled"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Placed alone
or apart, as if on an island; severed, as an island.</def> [R.] "In
the sea of life <i>enisled</i>."  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*jail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enjailed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enjailing</u>.] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>jail</i>.  Cf.
<u>Engaol</u>.] <def>To put into jail; to imprison.</def> [R.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*join"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enjoined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enjoining</u>.] [F. <i>enjoindre</i>, L. <i>injungere</i> to join
into, charge, enjoin; <i>in + jungere</i> to join. See <u>Join</u>,
and cf. <u>Injunction</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay upon, as
an order or command; to give an injunction to; to direct with
authority; to order; to charge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>High matter thou <i>enjoin'st</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>enjoined</i> by oath to observe three
things.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To prohibit or restrain by a
judicial order or decree; to put an injunction on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is a suit to <i>enjoin</i> the defendants from
disturbing the plaintiffs.</blockquote> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Enjoin</i> has the force of pressing admonition with
authority; as, a parent <i>enjoins</i> on his children the duty of
obedience. But it has also the sense of <i>command</i>; as, the
duties <i>enjoined</i> by God in the moral law. "This word is more
authoritative than <i>direct</i>, and less imperious than
<i>command</i>."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*join"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To join or
unite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*join"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
enjoins.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*join"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Direction;
command; authoritative admonition.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*joy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enjoyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enjoying</u>.] [OF. <i>enjoier</i> to receive with joy; pref.
<i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + OF. &amp; F. <i>joie</i> joy: cf. OF.
<i>enjoir</i> to enjoy. See <u>Joy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take pleasure or satisfaction in the possession or experience of; to
feel or perceive with pleasure; to be delighted with; as, to
<i>enjoy</i> the dainties of a feast; to <i>enjoy</i>
conversation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have, possess, and use with
satisfaction; to occupy or have the benefit of, as a good or
profitable thing, or as something desirable; as, to <i>enjoy</i> a
free constitution and religious liberty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That the children of Israel may <i>enjoy</i> every man
the inheritance of his fathers.</blockquote> <i>Num. xxxvi.
8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>enjoy</i> the pleasures of sin for a
season.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xi. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have sexual intercourse with.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To enjoy one's self</b></col>, <cd>to feel pleasure; to be
happy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En*joy"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take
satisfaction; to live in happiness.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*joy"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being enjoyed or of giving joy; yielding enjoyment.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*joy"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
enjoys.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*joy"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The condition of enjoying anything; pleasure or satisfaction, as
in the possession or occupancy of anything; possession and use; as,
the <i>enjoyment</i> of an estate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which gives pleasure or keen
satisfaction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hope of everlasting
<i>enjoyments</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pleasure; satisfaction; gratification; fruition;
happiness; felicity; delight.</p>

<p><hw>En*ken"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put into
a kennel.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ker"chiefed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bound with
a kerchief; draped; hooded; covered.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That soft, <i>enkerchiefed</i> hair.</blockquote>
<i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*kin"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enkindled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Enkindling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set
on fire; to inflame; to kindle.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excite; to rouse into action; to
incite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>enkindle</i> the enthusiasm of an
artist.</blockquote> <i>Talfourd.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*lace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bind or
encircle with lace, or as with lace; to lace; to encircle; to enfold;
hence, to entangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ropes of pearl her neck and breast
<i>enlace</i>.</blockquote> <i>P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*lace"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
enlacing, or state of being enlaced; a surrounding as with a
lace.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*lard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>lard</i>: cf. OF. <i>enlarder</i> to put on the spit, Pr. &amp; Sp.
<i>enlardar</i> to rub with grease, baste.] <def>To cover or dress
with lard or grease; to fatten.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*large"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enlarged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enlarging</u> (?).] [OF. <i>enlargier</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + F. <i>large</i> wide. See <u>Large</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make larger; to increase in quantity or
dimensions; to extend in limits; to magnify; as, the body is
<i>enlarged</i> by nutrition; to <i>enlarge</i> one's
house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>enlarge</i> their possessions of
land.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To increase the capacity of; to expand; to
give free scope or greater scope to; also, to dilate, as with joy,
affection, and the like; as, knowledge <i>enlarges</i> the
mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O ye Corinthians, our . . . heart is
<i>enlarged</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. vi. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set at large or set free.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>It will <i>enlarge</i> us from all
restraints.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Enlarging hammer</b></col>, <cd>a hammer with a slightly
rounded face of large diameter; -- used by gold beaters.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>To enlarge an</b></col> <col><b>order or
rule</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to extend the time for complying
with it.</cd> <i>Abbott.</i> -- <col><b>To enlarge one's
self</b></col>, <cd>to give free vent to speech; to spread out
discourse.</cd> "They <i>enlarged</i> themselves on this subject."
<i>Clarendon.</i> -- <col><b>To enlarge the heart</b></col>, <cd>to
make free, liberal, and charitable.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To increase; extend; expand; spread; amplify;
augment; magnify. See <u>Increase</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En*large"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To grow large or larger; to be further extended; to expand; as,
a plant <i>enlarges</i> by growth; an estate <i>enlarges</i> by good
management; a volume of air <i>enlarges</i> by rarefaction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To speak or write at length; to be diffuse
in speaking or writing; to expatiate; to dilate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>enlarge</i> upon this theme.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To get more astern or
parallel with the vessel's course; to draw aft; -- said of the
wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*larged"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made large or
larger; extended; swollen.</def> -- <wf>En*lar"ged*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>En*lar"ged*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*large"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of increasing in size or bulk, real
or apparent; the state of being increased; augmentation; further
extension; expansion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expansion or extension, as of the powers
of the mind; ennoblement, as of the feelings and character; as, an
<i>enlargement</i> of views, of knowledge, of affection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A setting at large, or being set at large;
release from confinement, servitude, or distress; liberty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give <i>enlargement</i> to the swain.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Diffusiveness of speech or writing;
expatiation; a wide range of discourse or argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>enlargement</i> upon the vices and corruptions
that were got into the army.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*lar"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
enlarges.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Inlay</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*length"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
lengthen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*lev"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Eleven.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*light"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>light</i>.  Cf. <u>Enlighten</u>.] <def>To illumine; to
enlighten.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which from the first has shone on ages past,<BR>
<i>Enlights</i> the present, and shall warm the last.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*light"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-
</i> + <i>lighten</i>: cf. AS. <i>inl&imacr;htan</i>.  Cf.
<u>Enlight</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To supply with light; to
illuminate; as, the sun <i>enlightens</i> the earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His lightnings <i>enlightened</i> the
world.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xcvii. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make clear to the intellect or
conscience; to shed the light of truth and knowledge upon; to furnish
with increase of knowledge; to instruct; as, to <i>enlighten</i> the
mind or understanding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The conscience <i>enlightened</i> by the Word and
Spirit of God.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*light"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
enlightens or illuminates; one who, or that which, communicates light
to the eye, or clear views to the mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*light"en*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
enlightening, or the state of being enlightened or
instructed.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*limn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>limn</i>.  Cf. <u>Enlumine</u>, <u>Illuminate</u>.] <def>To adorn
by illuminating or ornamenting with colored and decorated letters and
figures, as a book or manuscript.</def> [R.]  <i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*link"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To chain
together; to connect, as by links.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*list"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enlisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enlisting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To enter on a list; to
enroll; to register.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To engage for military or naval service,
the name being entered on a list or register; as, to <i>enlist</i>
men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To secure the support and aid of; to
employ in advancing interest; as, to <i>enlist</i> persons in the
cause of truth, or in a charitable enterprise.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*list"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To enroll and bind one's self for military or naval service; as,
he <i>enlisted</i> in the regular army; the men <i>enlisted</i> for
the war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter heartily into a cause, as if
enrolled.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*list"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or enlisting, or the state of being enlisted; voluntary
enrollment to serve as a soldier or a sailor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The writing by which an enlisted man is
bound.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*live"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>live</i>, a.] <def>To enliven.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*liv"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enlivened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enlivening</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>liven</i>.].
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give life, action, or motion to; to make
vigorous or active; to excite; to quicken; as, fresh fuel
<i>enlivens</i> a fire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lo! of themselves th' <i>enlivened</i> chessmen
move.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give spirit or vivacity to; to make
sprightly, gay, or cheerful; to animate; as, mirth and good humor
<i>enliven</i> a company; <i>enlivening</i> strains of
music.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To animate; rouse; inspire; cheer; encourage;
comfort; exhilarate; inspirit; invigorate.</p>

<p><hw>En*liv"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, enlivens, animates, or invigorates.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*lock"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lock; to
inclose.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*lu"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>enluminer</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + L.
<i>luminare</i> to light up, illumine. See <u>Illuminate</u>, and cf.
<u>Limn</u>.] <def>To illumine.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
L. <i>lutum</i> mud, clay.] <def>To coat with clay; to lute.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En`man`ch&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.; pref.
<i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>manche</i> sleeve.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Resembling, or covered with, a sleeve; -- said of the chief when
lines are drawn from the middle point of the upper edge upper edge to
the sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*mar"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>marble</i>.] <def>To make hard as marble; to harden.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*mesh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>mesh</i>.  Cf. <u>Inmesh</u>.] <def>To catch or entangle in, or as
in, meshes.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My doubts <i>enmesh</i> me if I try.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*mew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Emmew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*mist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To infold, as
in a mist.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"mi*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Enmities</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>enemyte</i>, fr.
<i>enemy</i>: cf. F. <i>inimiti&eacute;</i>, OF.
<i>enemisti&eacute;</i>. See <u>Enemy</u>, and cf. <u>Amity</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being an enemy; hostile or
unfriendly disposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No ground of <i>enmity</i> between us
known.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of opposition;
hostility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The friendship of the world is <i>enmity</i> with
God.</blockquote> <i>James iv. 4.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rancor; hostility; hatred; aversion; antipathy;
repugnance; animosity; ill will; malice; malevolence. See
<u>Animosity</u>, <u>Rancor</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En*mossed"</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-
</i> + <i>moss</i>.] <def>Covered with moss; mossed.</def>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*move"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Emmove</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*muf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To muffle
up.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*mure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
immure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'enne`a</grk> nine.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ninth segment
in insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"ne*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, fr.
<grk>'enne`a</grk> nine.] <def>The number nine or a group of
nine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Enneads</b></col>, <cd>the title given to the works of
the philosopher Plotinus, published by his pupil Porphyry; -- so
called because each of the six books into which it is divided
contains nine chapters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En"ne*a*gon</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'enne`a</grk> nine + <grk>gwni`a</grk> corner, angle: cf.
<i>enn&eacute;agone</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A polygon or plane
figure with nine sides and nine angles; a nonagon.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ne*ag"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>Belonging to an enneagon; having nine angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ne*ag"y*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'enne`a</grk> nine + &?; woman, female.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having or producing nine pistils or styles; -- said of a flower
or plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ne*a*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'enne`a</grk> nine + &?; side.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Having nine
sides.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En`ne*a*he"dri*a</hw> (?), <hw>En`ne*a*he"dron</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A figure having nine sides;
a nonagon.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`ne*an"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'enne`a</grk> nine + <grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>,
man, male: cf. F. <i>enn&eacute;andrie</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Linn&aelig;an class of plants having nine stamens.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En`ne*an"dri*an</hw> (?), <hw>En`ne*an"drous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having nine
stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ne*a*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'enne`a</grk> nine + E. <i>petalous</i>: cf. F.
<i>enn&eacute;ap&eacute;tale</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having nine
petals, or flower leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ne*a*sper"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'enne`a</grk> + <grk>spe`rma</grk> seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having nine seeds; -- said of fruits.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En`ne*at"ic</hw> (?), <hw>En`ne*at"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'enne`a</grk> nine.] <def>Occurring
once in every nine times, days, years, etc.; every ninth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Enneatical day</b></col>, <cd>every ninth day of a
disease.</cd> -- <col><b>Enneatical year</b></col>, <cd>every ninth
year of a man's life.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En*new"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>new</i>.  Cf. <u>Innovate</u>.] <def>To make new.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*niche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place in a
niche.</def>  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*no"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ennobled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ennobling</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>noble</i>: cf. F.
<i>ennoblir</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make noble; to elevate
in degree, qualities, or excellence; to dignify.</def>
"<i>Ennobling</i> all that he touches."  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What can <i>ennoble</i> sots, or slaves, or
cowards?<BR>
Alas! not all the blood of all the Howards.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise to the rank of nobility; as, to
<i>ennoble</i> a commoner.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To raise; dignify; exalt; elevate; aggrandize.</p>

<p><hw>En*no"ble*ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of making noble, or of exalting, dignifying, or
advancing to nobility.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which ennobles; excellence;
dignity.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*no"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ennobles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`nui"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>in
odio</i> in hatred. See <u>Annoy</u>.] <def>A feeling of weariness
and disgust; dullness and languor of spirits, arising from satiety or
want of interest; tedium.</def>  <i>T. Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En`nuy`&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. p.
of <i>ennuyer</i>. See <u>Ennui</u>.] <def>Affected with ennui; weary
in spirits; emotionally exhausted.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`nuy`&eacute;"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>One
who is affected with ennui.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`nuy`&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
woman affected with ennui.</def>  <i>Mrs. Jameson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nod"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Without a node.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><! p. 495 !></p>

<p><hw>En`o*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>enodatio</i> explanation, fr. <i>enodare</i> to free from knots.
See <u>Enode</u>.] <def>The act or operation of clearing of knots, or
of untying; hence, also, the solution of a difficulty.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*node"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>enodare</i>;
<i>e</i> out + <i>nodare</i> to fill with knots, <i>nodus</i> a
knot.] <def>To clear of knots; to make clear.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*noint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Anointed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nom"o*tarch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; +
&?; leader. See <u>Enomoty</u>.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>The
commander of an enomoty.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nom"o*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
sworn; &?; in + &?; to swear.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A band of
sworn soldiers; a division of the Spartan army ranging from twenty-
five to thirty-six men, bound together by oath.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En"o*pla</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;  armed; &?; in + &?;, pl., armor.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of the orders of Nemertina, characterized by the presence of a
peculiar armature of spines or plates in the proboscis.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*op"to*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
visible in (a thing) + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by the use of
a mirror.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*norm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;norme</i>. See <u>Enormous</u>.] <def>Enormous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nor"mi*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Enormities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>enormitas</i>, fr.
<i>enormis</i> enormous: cf. F. <i>&eacute;normit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Enormous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of
exceeding a measure or rule, or of being immoderate, monstrous, or
outrageous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>enormity</i> of his learned
acquisitions.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is enormous; especially, an
exceeding offense against order, right, or decency; an atrocious
crime; flagitious villainy; an atrocity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These clamorous <i>enormities</i> which are grown too
big and strong for law or shame.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nor"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>enormis</i>
enormous, out of rule; <i>e</i> out + <i>norma</i> rule: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;norme</i>. See <u>Normal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exceeding the usual rule, norm, or measure; out of due
proportion; inordinate; abnormal.</def> "<i>Enormous</i> bliss."
<i>Milton.</i> "This <i>enormous</i> state." <i>Shak.</i> "The hoop's
<i>enormous</i> size."  <i>Jenyns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wallowing unwieldy, <i>enormous</i> in their
gait.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exceedingly wicked; outrageous; atrocious;
monstrous; as, an <i>enormous</i> crime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That detestable profession of a life so
<i>enormous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Huge; vast; immoderate; immense; excessive;
prodigious; monstrous.  -- <u>Enormous</u>, <u>Immense</u>,
<u>Excessive</u>. We speak of a thing as <i>enormous</i> when it
overpasses its ordinary law of existence or far exceeds its proper
average or standard, and becomes -- so to speak -- <i>abnormal</i> in
its magnitude, degree, etc.; as, a man of <i>enormous</i> strength; a
deed of <i>enormous</i> wickedness. <i>Immense</i> expresses somewhat
indefinitely an immeasurable quantity or extent. <i>Excessive</i> is
applied to what is beyond a just measure or amount, and is always
used in an evil; as, <i>enormous</i> size; an <i>enormous</i> crime;
an <i>immense</i> expenditure; the expanse of ocean is
<i>immense</i>. "<i>Excessive</i> levity and indulgence are
ultimately <i>excessive</i> rigor." <i>V. Knox.</i> "Complaisance
becomes servitude when it is <i>excessive</i>."  <i>La Rochefoucauld
(Trans).</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nor"mous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an enormous
degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*nor"mous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being enormous.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*or"tho*trope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; in +
&?;  upright, correct + &?; to turn.] <def>An optical toy; a card on
which confused or imperfect figures are drawn, but which form to the
eye regular figures when the card is rapidly revolved. See
<u>Thaumatrope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*nough"</hw> (&esl;*n&ubreve;f"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>inoh</i>, <i>inow</i>, <i>enogh</i>, AS. <i>gen&omacr;h</i>,
<i>gen&omacr;g</i>, a. &amp; adv. (akin to OS. <i>gin&omacr;g</i>, D.
<i>genoeg</i>, OHG. <i>ginoug</i>, G. <i>genug</i>, Icel.
<i>gn&omacr;gr</i>, Sw. <i>nog</i>, Dan. <i>nok</i>, Goth.
<i>gan&omacr;hs</i>), fr. <i>geneah</i> it suffices (akin to Goth.
<i>ganah</i>); pref. <i>ge-</i> + a root akin to L. <i>nancisci</i>
to get, Skr. <i>na&ccedil;</i>, Gr. <grk>'enegkei^n</grk> to carry.]
<def>Satisfying desire; giving content; adequate to meet the want;
sufficient; -- usually, and more elegantly, following the noun to
which it belongs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How many hired servants of my father's have bread
<i>enough</i> and to spare!</blockquote> <i>Luke xv. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nough"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a degree or quantity that satisfies; to satisfaction;
sufficiently.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fully; quite; -- used to express slight
augmentation of the positive degree, and sometimes equivalent to
<i>very</i>; as, he is ready <i>enough</i> to embrace the
offer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know you well <i>enough</i>; you are Signior
Antonio.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou knowest well <i>enough</i> . . . that this is no
time to lend money.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a tolerable degree; -- used to express
mere acceptableness or acquiescence, and implying a degree or
quantity rather less than is desired; as, the song was well
<i>enough</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Enough</i> usually follows the word it modifies.</p>

<p><hw>E*nough"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sufficiency; a
quantity which satisfies desire, is adequate to the want, or is equal
to the power or ability; as, he had <i>enough</i> to do take care of
himself.</def> "<i>Enough</i> is as good as a feast."</p>

<p><blockquote>And Esau said, I have <i>enough</i>, my
brother.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxiii. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nough"</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An exclamation
denoting sufficiency, being a shortened form of <i>it is
enough</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*nounce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enounced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enouncing</u> (?).] [F. <i>&eacute;noncer</i>, L.
<i>enuntiare</i>; <i>e</i> out + <i>nuntiare</i> to announce, fr.
<i>nuntius</i> messenger. See <u>Nuncio</u>, and cf.
<u>Enunciate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To announce; to declare;
to state, as a proposition or argument.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter; to articulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The student should be able to <i>enounce</i> these
[sounds] independently.</blockquote> <i>A. M. Bell.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nounce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
enouncing; that which is enounced.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*now"</hw> (?). <def>A form of <u>Enough</u>.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*pa"tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act the
part of a patron towards; to patronize.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*pierce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Empierce</u>.] <def>To pierce.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*quere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
inquire.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*quick"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To quicken;
to make alive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*quire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Inquire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*quir"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Inquirer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*quir"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Inquiry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*race"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>race</i> lineage.] <def>To enroot; to implant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*rage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enraged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enraging</u> (?).] [F. <i>enrager</i> to be enraged; pref. <i>en-
</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>rage</i> rage. See <u>Rage</u>.] <def>To
fill with rage; to provoke to frenzy or madness; to make
furious.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To irritate; incense; inflame; exasperate; provoke;
anger; madden; infuriate.</p>

<p><hw>En*rage"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
enraging or state of being enraged; excitement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*range"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>range</i>.  Cf. <u>Enrank</u>, <u>Arrange</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To range in order; to put in rank; to
arrange.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rove over; to range.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*rank"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>rank</i>.] <def>To place in ranks or in order.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*rapt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>rapt</i>.  Cf. <u>Enravish</u>.] <def>Thrown into ecstasy;
transported; enraptured.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*rap"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enraptured</u> (?; 135);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Enrapturing</u>.] <def>To
transport with pleasure; to delight beyond measure; to
enravish.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*rav"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To transport
with delight; to enrapture; to fascinate.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*rav"ish*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
throw into ecstasy.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*rav"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being enravished or enraptured; ecstasy; rapture.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*reg"is*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-
</i> + <i>register</i>: cf. F. <i>enregistrer</i>.  Cf.
<u>Inregister</u>.] <def>To register; to enroll or record; to
inregister.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To read <i>enregistered</i> in every nook<BR>
His goodness, which His beauty doth declare.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*rheum"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>rheum</i>: cf. F. <i>s'enrhumer</i>.] <def>To contract a
rheum.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*rich"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enriched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enriching</u>.] [F. <i>enrichir</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + <i>riche</i> rich. See <u>Rich</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make rich with any kind of wealth; to render opulent; to
increase the possessions of; as, to <i>enrich</i> the understanding
with knowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seeing, Lord, your great mercy<BR>
Us hath <i>enriched</i> so openly.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer's
Dream.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To supply with ornament; to adorn; as, to
<i>enrich</i> a ceiling by frescoes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make rich with manure; to fertilize; --
said of the soil; as, to <i>enrich</i> land by irrigation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To supply with knowledge; to instruct; to
store; -- said of the mind.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*rich"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
enriches.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*rich"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
making rich, or that which enriches; increase of value by
improvements, embellishment, etc.; decoration;
embellishment.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ridge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form into
ridges.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*ring"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
encircle.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Muses and the Graces, grouped in threes,<BR>
<i>Enringed</i> a billowing fountain in the midst.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*rip"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
ripen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*rive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rive; to
cleave.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*robe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>robe</i>: cf. OF. <i>enrober</i>.] <def>To invest or adorn with a
robe; to attire.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*rock"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>rock</i>.] <def>A mass of large stones thrown into water at
random to form bases of piers, breakwaters, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*roll"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enrolled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enrolling</u>.] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>roll</i>: cf. F.
<i>enr&ocirc;ler</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) +
<i>r&ocirc;le</i> roll or register. See <u>Roll</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>enrol</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To insert in a roil; to register or enter in a list or catalogue
or on rolls of court; hence, to record; to insert in records; to
leave in writing; as, to <i>enroll</i> men for service; to
<i>enroll</i> a decree or a law; also, reflexively, to
enlist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An unwritten law of common right, so engraven in the
hearts of our ancestors, and by them so constantly enjoyed and
claimed, as that it needed not <i>enrolling</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the citizen capable of bearing arms
<i>enrolled</i> themselves.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To envelop; to inwrap; to involve.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*roll"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who enrolls
or registers.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*roll"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>enr&ocirc;lement</i>.] [Written also <i>enrolment</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of enrolling; registration.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A writing in which anything is enrolled; a
register; a record.</def>  <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*root"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fix by the
root; to fix fast; to implant deep.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*round"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
surround.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En` route"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>On the way or road.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ens</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., <i>ens</i>,
<i>entis</i>, a thing. See <u>Entity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Entity, being, or existence; an actually
existing being; also, God, as the Being of Beings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Something supposed to
condense within itself all the virtues and qualities of a substance
from which it is extracted; essence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*safe"</hw> (&ebreve;n*s&amacr;f"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make safe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*sam"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>ensample</i>, <i>essample</i>, F. <i>exemple</i>. See
<u>Example</u>.] <def>An example; a pattern or model for
imitation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Being <i>ensamples</i> to the flock.</blockquote> <i>1
Pet. v. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*sam"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
exemplify, to show by example.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*san"guine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stain
or cover with blood; to make bloody, or of a blood-red color; as, an
<i>ensanguined</i> hue.</def> "The <i>ensanguined</i> field."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>ensatus</i>,
fr. L. <i>ensis</i> sword.] <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having
sword-shaped leaves, or appendages; ensiform.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*scale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover with
scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*sched"ule</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
insert in a schedule. See <u>Schedule</u>.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*sconce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ensconced</u> (?); <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Ensconcing</u> (?).] <def>To cover or shelter, as with a sconce or
fort; to place or hide securely; to conceal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She shall not see me: I will <i>ensconce</i> me behind
the arras.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*seal"</hw> (&ebreve;n*s&emacr;l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To impress with a seal; to mark as with a seal; hence, to
ratify.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This deed I do <i>enseal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*seam"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>seam</i> suture.  Cf. <u>Inseam</u>.] <def>To sew up; to inclose
by a seam; hence, to include; to contain.</def>  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*seam"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>seam</i> grease.] <def>To cover with grease; to defile; to
pollute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the rank sweat of an <i>enseamed</i>
bed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*sear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sear; to
dry up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ensear</i> thy fertile and conceptious
womb.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*search"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>encerchier</i>. See <u>Search</u>.] <def>To make search; to try to
find something.</def> [Obs.] -- <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
search for.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*seel"</hw> (&ebreve;n*s&emacr;l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To close eyes of; to seel; -- said in reference to a hawk.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*seint"</hw> (&ebreve;n*s&amacr;nt"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>With child; pregnant. See <u>Enceinte</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||En`sem"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The
whole; all the parts taken together.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`sem"ble</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F.] <def>All at
once; together.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*shel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
shelter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*shield"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To defend,
as with a shield; to shield.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*shield"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shielded;
enshielded.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*shrine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enshrined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Enshrining</u>.] <def>To inclose in a shrine or
chest; hence, to preserve or cherish as something sacred; as, to
<i>enshrine</i> something in memory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We will <i>enshrine</i> it as holy relic.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*shroud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover
with, or as with, a shroud; to shroud.</def>  <i>Churchill.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*sif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ensifer</i>; <i>ensis</i> sword + <i>ferre</i> to bear: cf. F.
<i>ensif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Bearing a sword.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"si*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ensis</i>
sword + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>ensiforme</i>.] <def>Having the form
of a sword blade; sword-shaped; as, an <i>ensiform</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ensiform cartilage</b></col>, &and; <col><b>Ensiform
process</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Xiphisternum</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En"sign</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>enseigne</i>, L.
<i>insignia</i>, pl. of <i>insigne</i> a distinctive mark, badge,
flag; <i>in + signum</i> mark, sign. See <u>Sign</u>, and cf.
<u>Insignia</u>, 3d <u>Ancient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flag;
a banner; a standard; esp., the national flag, or a banner indicating
nationality, carried by a ship or a body of soldiers; -- as
distinguished from flags indicating divisions of the army, rank of
naval officers, or private signals, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hang up your <i>ensigns</i>, let your drums be
still.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A signal displayed like a standard, to
give notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will lift an <i>ensign</i> to the nations from
far.</blockquote> <i>Is. v. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sign; badge of office, rank, or power;
symbol.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ensigns</i> of our power about we
bear.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, a
commissioned officer of the army who carried the ensign or flag of a
company or regiment.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A commissioned
officer of the lowest grade in the navy, corresponding to the grade
of second lieutenant in the army.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the British army the rank of <i>ensign</i> was abolished
in 1871. In the United States army the rank is not recognized; the
regimental flags being carried by a sergeant called the <i>color
sergeant</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Ensign bearer</b></col>, <cd>one who carries a flag; an
ensign.</cd></p>

<p><hw>En"sign</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To designate as by an ensign.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Henry but joined the roses that <i>ensigned</i><BR>
Particular families.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To distinguish by a mark or ornament; esp.
<i>(Her.)</i>, by a crown; thus, any charge which has a crown
immediately above or upon it, is said to be
<i>ensigned</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"sign*cy</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ensigncies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The rank or office of an
ensign.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"sign*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or rank
of an ensign.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"si*lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; pref. <i>en-
</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>silo</i>. See <u>Silo</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The process of preserving fodder (such as
cornstalks, rye, oats, millet, etc.) by compressing it while green
and fresh in a pit or vat called a silo, where it is kept covered
from the air; as, the <i>ensilage</i> of fodder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fodder preserved in a silo.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"si*lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ensilaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ensilaging</u> (?).] <def>To preserve in a silo; as,
to <i>ensilage</i> cornstalks.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*sky"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place in the
sky or in heaven.</def> [R.] "A thing <i>enskied</i> and sainted."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*slave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enslaved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enslaving</u>.] <def>To reduce to slavery; to make a slave of; to
subject to a dominant influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The conquer'd, also, and <i>enslaved</i> by war,<BR>
Shall, with their freedom lost, all virtue lose.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pleasure admitted in undue degree<BR>
<i>Enslaves</i> the will.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*slav"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being enslaved.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*slave"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
reducing to slavery; state of being enslaved; bondage;
servitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fresh <i>enslavement</i> to their
enemies.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><! p. 496 !></p>

<p><hw>En*slav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
enslaves.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*snare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To catch in a
snare. See <u>Insnare</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*snarl"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
entangle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*so"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
sober.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sad accidents to <i>ensober</i> his
spirits.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*soul"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To indue or
imbue (a body) with soul.</def> [R.]  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*sphere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>sphere</i>.  Cf. <u>Insphere</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
place in a sphere; to envelop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His ample shoulders in a cloud
<i>ensphered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form into a sphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*stamp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stamp; to
mark as with a stamp; to impress deeply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the motive . . . which <i>enstamps</i> the
character.</blockquote> <i>Gogan.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*state"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Instate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"sta*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named fr. Gr. &?;
an adversary, because infusible before the blowpipe.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral of the pyroxene group, orthorhombic in
crystallization; often fibrous and massive; color grayish white or
greenish. It is a silicate of magnesia with some iron. Bronzite is a
ferriferous variety.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`sta*tit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
enstatite.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*store"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Instaurate</u>.] <def>To restore.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*style"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To style; to
name.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*su"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ensuing;
following.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*sue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ensued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ensuing</u>.] [OF. <i>ensevre</i>, OF. &amp;  F. <i>ensuivre</i>, fr.
L. <i>insequi</i>; <i>in + sequi</i> to pursue. See <u>Sue</u>.]
<def>To follow; to pursue; to follow and overtake.</def> [Obs.] "Seek
peace, and <i>ensue</i> it."  <i>1 Pet. iii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>ensue</i> his example in doing the like
mischief.</blockquote> <i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*sue"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To follow or come
afterward; to follow as a consequence or in chronological succession;
to result; as, an <i>ensuing</i> conclusion or effect; the year
<i>ensuing</i> was a cold one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So spoke the Dame, but no applause
<i>ensued</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Damage to the mind or the body, or to both,
<i>ensues</i>, unless the exciting cause be presently
removed.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To follow; pursue; succeed. See <u>Follow</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En*sure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make sure. See <u>Insure</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To betroth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*sur"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Insurer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*swathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To swathe;
to envelop, as in swaddling clothes.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*swathe"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
enswathing, or the state of being enswathed.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*sweep"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sweep over
or across; to pass over rapidly.</def> [R.]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ent-</hw> (?). <def>A prefix signifying <i>within</i>. See
<u>Ento-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ent</hw> (?). [F. <i>-ent</i>, L. <i>-ens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>.] <def>An adjective suffix signifying <i>action</i> or
<i>being</i>; as, corrod<i>ent</i>, excell<i>ent</i>,
emerg<i>ent</i>, contin<i>ent</i>, quiesc<i>ent</i>. See <u>-
ant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*tab"la*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>entablature</i>: cf. It <i>intavolatura</i>, fr. LL.
<i>intabulare</i> to construct a basis; L. <i>in + tabulatum</i>
board work, flooring, fr. <i>tabula</i>. See <u>Table</u>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The superstructure which lies horizontally upon
the columns. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Column</u>,
<u>Cornice</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is commonly divided into <i>architrave</i>, the part
immediately above the column; <i>frieze</i>, the central space; and
<i>cornice</i>, the upper projecting moldings.  <i>Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tab"le*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>entablement</i>, LL. <i>intabulamentum</i>.] <def>See
<u>Entablature</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tac"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply
with tackle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"tad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Ent-</i> + L.
<i>ad</i> towards.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Toward the inside or central
part; away from the surface; -- opposed to <i>ectad</i>.</def>  <i>B.
G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>entaile</i>
carving, OF. <i>entaille</i>, F., an incision, fr. <i>entailler</i>
to cut away; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>tailler</i> to cut;
LL. <i>feudum talliatum</i> a fee entailed, i. e., curtailed or
limited.  See <u>Tail</u> limitation, <u>Tailor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is entailed.</def> Hence:
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An estate in fee entailed, or
limited in descent to a particular class of issue.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The rule by which the descent is
fixed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A power of breaking the ancient <i>entails</i>, and of
alienating their estates.</blockquote> <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Delicately carved ornamental work;
intaglio.</def> [Obs.] "A work of rich <i>entail</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tail"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Entailed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Entailing</u>.] [OE. <i>entailen</i> to carve, OF.
<i>entailler</i>. See <u>Entail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To settle or fix inalienably on a person or
thing, or on a person and his descendants or a certain line of
descendants; -- said especially of an estate; to bestow as an
heritage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Allowing them to <i>entail</i> their
estates.</blockquote> <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I here <i>entail</i><BR>
The crown to thee and to thine heirs forever.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To appoint hereditary possessor.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>entail</i> him and his heirs unto the
crown.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut or carve in an ornamental
way.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Entailed</i> with curious antics.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tail"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of entailing or of giving, as an estate, and directing
the mode of descent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being entailed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thing entailed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brutality as an hereditary <i>entailment</i> becomes
an ever weakening force.</blockquote> <i>R. L. Dugdale.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ent-</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or situated near, central or deep
parts; inner; -- opposed to <i>ectal</i>.</def>  <i>B. G.
Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tame"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tame.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tan"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Entangled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Entangling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To twist
or interweave in such a manner as not to be easily separated; to make
tangled, confused, and intricate; as, to <i>entangle</i> yarn or the
hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To involve in such complications as to
render extrication a bewildering difficulty; hence, metaphorically,
to insnare; to perplex; to bewilder; to puzzle; as, to
<i>entangle</i> the feet in a net, or in briers.</def>
"<i>Entangling</i> alliances."  <i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The difficulties that perplex men's thoughts and
<i>entangle</i> their understandings.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Allowing her to <i>entangle</i> herself with a person
whose future was so uncertain.</blockquote> <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tan"gle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being entangled; intricate and confused involution; that which
entangles; intricacy; perplexity.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*tan"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
entangles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En*ta"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.
See <u>Entasis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Tonic spasm; -- applied
generically to denote any disease characterized by tonic spasms, as
tetanus, trismus, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En"ta*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
a stretching; fr. &?;; &?; in + &?; to extend.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A slight convex swelling of the shaft of a
column.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Entasia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*tass"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>entassement</i>, fr. <i>entasser</i> to heap up.] <def>A heap;
accumulation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>En*tas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Formed as if fr.
(assumed) Gr. &?;. See <u>Entasis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Relating
to any disease characterized by tonic spasms.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*tel"e*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>entelechia</i>, Gr. &?;, prob. fr. &?; &?; &?; to be complete; &?;
+ &?; completion, end + &?; to have or hold.] <i>(Peripatetic
Philos.)</i> <def>An actuality; a conception completely actualized,
in distinction from mere potential existence.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En*tel"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., the specific
name, fr. Gr. &?; to command.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An East
Indian long-tailed bearded monkey (<i>Semnopithecus entellus</i>)
regarded as sacred by the natives. It is remarkable for the caplike
arrangement of the hair on the head. Called also <i>hoonoomaun</i>
and <i>hungoor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>entendre</i>, fr. L. <i>intendere</i>. See <u>Intend</u>.] <def>To
attend to; to apply one's self to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*ten"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make tender.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with tenderness.</def> [R.]
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*ten"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>ententif</i>.] <def>Attentive; zealous.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"ter-</hw> (?). [F. <i>entre</i> between, fr. L.
<i>inter</i>. See <u>Inter-</u>] <def>A prefix signifying
<i>between</i>, <i>among</i>, <i>part</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Entered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Entering</u>.] [OE. <i>entren</i>, <i>enteren</i>, F.
<i>entrer</i>, fr. L. <i>intrare</i>, fr. <i>intro</i> inward, contr.
fr. <i>intero</i> (sc. <i>loco</i>), fr. <i>inter</i> in between,
between. See <u>Inter-</u>, <u>In</u>, and cf. <u>Interior</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come or go into; to pass into the interior
of; to pass within the outer cover or shell of; to penetrate; to
pierce; as, to <i>enter</i> a house, a closet, a country, a door,
etc.; the river <i>enters</i> the sea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That darksome cave they <i>enter</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I, . . . with the multitude of my redeemed,<BR>
Shall <i>enter</i> heaven, long absent.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite in; to join; to be admitted to;
to become a member of; as, to <i>enter</i> an association, a college,
an army.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To engage in; to become occupied with; as,
to <i>enter</i> the legal profession, the book trade, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass within the limits of; to attain;
to begin; to commence upon; as, to <i>enter</i> one's teens, a new
era, a new dispensation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause to go (into), or to be received
(into); to put in; to insert; to cause to be admitted; as, to
<i>enter</i> a knife into a piece of wood, a wedge into a log; to
<i>enter</i> a boy at college, a horse for a race, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To inscribe; to enroll; to record; as, to
<i>enter</i> a name, or a date, in a book, or a book in a catalogue;
to <i>enter</i> the particulars of a sale in an account, a manifest
of a ship or of merchandise at the customhouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To go
into or upon, as lands, and take actual possession of them.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To place in regular form before the court,
usually in writing; to put upon record in proper from and order; as,
to <i>enter</i> a writ, appearance, rule, or judgment.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To make report of (a vessel or her cargo)
at the customhouse; to submit a statement of (imported goods), with
the original invoices, to the proper officer of the customs for
estimating the duties. See <u>Entry</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To file or inscribe upon the records of
the land office the required particulars concerning (a quantity of
public land) in order to entitle a person to a right pf
pre&euml;mption.</def> [U.S.]  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To deposit for copyright the title or
description of (a book, picture, map, etc.); as, "<i>entered</i>
according to act of Congress."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To initiate; to introduce
favorably.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To go or come in; -- often with <i>in</i> used pleonastically;
also, to begin; to take the first steps.</def> "The year
<i>entering</i>."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No evil thing approach nor <i>enter</i>
in.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Truth is fallen in the street, and equity can not
<i>enter</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is. lix. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For we which have believed do <i>enter</i> into
rest.</blockquote> <i>Heb. iv. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To get admission; to introduce one's self;
to penetrate; to form or constitute a part; to become a partaker or
participant; to share; to engage; -- usually with <i>into</i>;
sometimes with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>; as, a ball <i>enters</i>
into the body; water <i>enters</i> into a ship; he <i>enters</i> into
the plan; to <i>enter</i> into a quarrel; a merchant <i>enters</i>
into partnership with some one; to <i>enter</i> upon another's land;
the boy <i>enters</i> on his tenth year; to <i>enter</i> upon a task;
lead <i>enters</i> into the composition of pewter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To penetrate mentally; to consider
attentively; -- with <i>into</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is particularly pleased with . . . Sallust for his
<i>entering</i> into internal principles of action.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*ad`e*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`nteron</grk> an intestine + &?; a gland + <i>-graphy</i>.]
<def>A treatise upon, or description of, the intestinal
glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*ad`e*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`nteron</grk> an intestine + &?; a gland + <i>-logy</i>.]
<def>The science which treats of the glands of the alimentary
canal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`ter*al"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'e`nteron</grk> an intestine + &?; pain: cf. F.
<i>ent&eacute;ralgie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pain in the intestines;
colic.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"ter*deal`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Enter-</i> +
<i>deal</i>.] <def>Mutual dealings; intercourse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>enterdeal</i> of princes strange.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes an
entrance or beginning.</def>  <i>A. Seward.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*ter"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Enteritis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
enteron, or alimentary canal; intestinal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Enteric fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>typhoid
fever.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||En`te*ri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'e`nteron</grk> an intestine + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An inflammation of the intestines.</def>  <i>Hoblyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*lace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Interlace</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*mete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>s'entremettre</i>; <i>entre</i> between + <i>mettre</i> to place.]
<def>To interfere; to intermeddle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"ter*mew`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Enter-</i> +
<i>mew</i> to molt.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hawk gradually
changing the color of its feathers, commonly in the second
year.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*mise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>entremise</i>, fr. <i>s'entremettre</i>. See <u>Entermete</u>.]
<def>Mediation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En"ter*o*cele`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'enterokh`lh</grk>; <grk>'e`nteron</grk> an intestine +
<grk>kh`lh</grk> tumor, hernia.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A hernial tumor
whose contents are intestine.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"ter*o*c&oelig;le`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`nteron</grk> an intestine + <grk>koi^lon</grk> a hollow.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A perivisceral cavity which arises as an
outgrowth or outgrowths from the digestive tract; distinguished from
a <i>schizoc&oelig;le</i>, which arises by a splitting of the
mesoblast of the embryo.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;  an
intestine + <i>-graphy</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A treatise upon, or
description of, the intestines; enterology.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"ter*o*lith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`nteron</grk> an intestine + <i>-lith</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An intestinal concretion.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`nteron</grk> an intestine + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F.
<i>ent&eacute;rologie</i>.] <def>The science which treats of the
viscera of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En"te*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'e`nteron</grk> an intestine, fr. <grk>'ento`s</grk> within.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The whole alimentary, or enteric,
canal.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*op"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
intestine + &?; suffering.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Disease of the
intestines.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`te*rop*neus"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>'e`nteron</grk> an intestine + &?; to breathe.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of wormlike invertebrates having,
along the sides of the body, branchial openings for the branchial
sacs, which are formed by diverticula of the alimentary canal.
Balanoglossus is the only known genus. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*or"rha*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`nteron</grk> an intestine + &?; a sewing.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The operation of sewing up a rent in the intestinal
canal.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"ter*o*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ent&eacute;rotome</i>. See <u>Enterotomy</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A kind of scissors used for opening the intestinal canal, as in
post-mortem examinations.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`nteron</grk> an intestine + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Incision of the intestines, especially in reducing
certain cases of hernia.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*par"lance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mutual
talk or conversation; conference.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir J.
Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*plead"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Interplead</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"ter*prise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>enterprise</i>, fr. <i>entreprendre</i> to undertake; <i>entre</i>
between (L. <i>inter</i>) + <i>prendre</i> to take. See <u>Inter</u>,
and <u>Emprise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is
undertaken; something attempted to be performed; a work projected
which involves activity, courage, energy, and the like; a bold,
arduous, or hazardous attempt; an undertaking; as, a manly
<i>enterprise</i>; a warlike <i>enterprise</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their hands can not perform their
<i>enterprise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Job v. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Willingness or eagerness to engage in
labor which requires boldness, promptness, energy, and like
qualities; as, a man of great <i>enterprise</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"ter*prise</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To undertake; to begin and attempt to perform; to venture
upon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The business must be <i>enterprised</i> this
night.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What would I not renounce or <i>enterprise</i> for
you!</blockquote> <i>T. Otway.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with hospitality; to
entertain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Him at the threshold met, and well did
<i>enterprise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"ter*prise</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To undertake
an enterprise, or something hazardous or difficult.</def> [R.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"ter*pri`ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
undertakes enterprises.</def>  <i>Sir J. Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"ter*pri`sing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
disposition for enterprise; characterized by enterprise; resolute,
active or prompt to attempt; as, an <i>enterprising</i> man or
firm.</def> -- <wf>En"ter*pri`sing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*tain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Entertained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Entertaining</u>.] [F. <i>entretenir</i>;
<i>entre</i> between (L. <i>inter</i>) + <i>tenir</i> to hold, L.
<i>tenere</i>. See <u>Tenable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be at
the charges of; to take or keep in one's service; to maintain; to
support; to harbor; to keep.</def></p>

<p><! p. 497 !></p>

<p><blockquote>You, sir, I <i>entertain</i> for one of my
hundred.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give hospitable reception and
maintenance to; to receive at one's board, or into one's house; to
receive as a guest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not forgetful to <i>entertain</i> strangers; for
thereby some have <i>entertained</i> unawares.</blockquote> <i>Heb.
xiii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To engage the attention of agreeably; to
amuse with that which makes the time pass pleasantly; to divert; as,
to <i>entertain</i> friends with conversation, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The weary time she can not
<i>entertain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give reception to; to receive, in
general; to receive and take into consideration; to admit, treat, or
make use of; as, to <i>entertain</i> a proposal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am not here going to <i>entertain</i> so large a
theme as the philosophy of Locke.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A rumor gained ground, -- and, however absurd, was
<i>entertained</i> by some very sensible people.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To meet or encounter, as an enemy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To keep, hold, or maintain in the mind
with favor; to keep in the mind; to harbor; to cherish; as, to
<i>entertain</i> sentiments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To lead on; to bring along; to
introduce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To baptize all nations, and <i>entertain</i> them into
the services institutions of the holy Jesus.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To amuse; divert; maintain. See <u>Amuse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En`ter*tain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
receive, or provide entertainment for, guests; as, he
<i>entertains</i> generously.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*tain"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>entretien</i>, fr. <i>entretenir</i>.] <def>Entertainment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*tain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
entertains.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*tain"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affording
entertainment; pleasing; amusing; diverting.</def> --
<wf>En`ter*tain"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>En`ter*tain"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En`ter*tain"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>entretenement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of receiving
as host, or of amusing, admitting, or cherishing; hospitable
reception; also, reception or treatment, in general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>entertainment</i> of Christ by
faith.</blockquote> <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sincere <i>entertainment</i> and practice of the
precepts of the gospel.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Sprat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which entertains, or with which one
is entertained; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Hospitality; hospitable
provision for the wants of a guest; especially, provision for the
table; a hospitable repast; a feast; a formal or elegant meal.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> That which engages the attention agreeably,
amuses or diverts, whether in private, as by conversation, etc., or
in public, by performances of some kind; amusement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Theatrical <i>entertainments</i> conducted with
greater elegance and refinement.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Admission into service; service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some band of strangers in the adversary's
<i>entertainment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Payment of soldiers or servants;
wages.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>entertainment</i> of the general upon his first
arrival was but six shillings and eight pence.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Amusement; diversion; recreation; pastime; sport;
feast; banquet; repast; carousal.</p>

<p><hw>En`ter*take"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
entertain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En`ter*tis"sued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Intertissued</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En"the*al</hw> (?), <hw>En"the*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; full of the god, inspired; &?; in + &?;
god.] <def>Divinely inspired; wrought up to enthusiasm.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En"the*asm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inspiration;
enthusiasm.</def> [R.] "Religious <i>entheasm</i>."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`the*as"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
inspired, fr. &?;, fr. &?;. See <u>Entheal</u>.] <def>Of godlike
energy; inspired.</def> -- <wf>En`the*as"tic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En"the*at</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>entheatus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;.] <def>Divinely inspired.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||En`thel*min"tha</hw> (?), <hw>En`thel*min"thes</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; within + &?;, &?;, worm.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Intestinal worms. See
<u>Helminthes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*thet"ic</hw> (&ebreve;n*th&ebreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'enqetiko`s</grk> fit for inserting;
<grk>'en</grk> in + <grk>tiqe`nai</grk> to place.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Caused by a morbific virus implanted in the system; as, an
<i>enthetic</i> disease like syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*thrall"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>thrall</i>.  Cf. <u>Inthrall</u>.] [Written also
<i>enthral</i>.] <def>To hold in thrall; to enslave. See
<u>Inthrall</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bars survive the captive they
<i>enthrall</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*thrall"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
enthralling, or state of being enthralled. See
<u>Inthrallment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*thrill"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>thrill</i>.] <def>To pierce; to thrill.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sackville.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*throne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>throne</i>: cf. OF. <i>enthroner</i>.  Cf. <u>Inthronize</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To seat on a throne; to exalt to the seat of
royalty or of high authority; hence, to invest with sovereign
authority or dignity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beneath a sculptured arch he sits
<i>enthroned</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It [mercy] is <i>enthroned</i> in the hearts of
kings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To induct, as a bishop,
into the powers and privileges of a vacant see.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*throne"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
enthroning, or state of being enthroned.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><hw>En*thron`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of enthroning; hence, the admission of a bishop to his stall or
throne in his cathedral.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*thron"ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enthronized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Enthronizing</u> (?).] [See <u>Inthronize</u>.]
<def>To place on a throne; hence, to induct into office, as a
bishop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There openly <i>enthronized</i> as the very elected
king.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*thuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To make
or become enthusiastic.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>En*thu"si*asm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; , fr.
&?; to be inspired or possessed by the god, fr. &?;, &?;, inspired:
cf. <i>enthousiasme</i>. See <u>Entheal</u>, <u>Theism</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inspiration as if by a divine or superhuman
power; ecstasy; hence, a conceit of divine possession and revelation,
or of being directly subject to some divine impulse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Enthusiasm</i> is founded neither on reason nor
divine revelation, but rises from the conceits of a warmed or
overweening imagination.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of impassioned emotion; transport;
elevation of fancy; exaltation of soul; as, the poetry of
<i>enthusiasm</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Resolutions adopted in <i>enthusiasm</i> are often
repented of when excitement has been succeeded by the wearing duties
of hard everyday routine.</blockquote> <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Exhibiting the seeming contradiction of susceptibility
to <i>enthusiasm</i> and calculating shrewdness.</blockquote>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Enkindled and kindling fervor of soul;
strong excitement of feeling on behalf of a cause or a subject;
ardent and imaginative zeal or interest; as, he engaged in his
profession with <i>enthusiasm</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing great was ever achieved without
<i>enthusiasm</i>.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Lively manifestation of joy or
zeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Philip was greeted with a tumultuous
<i>enthusiasm</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*thu"si*ast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>enthousiaste</i>.] <def>One moved or actuated by enthusiasm; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> One who imagines himself divinely inspired, or
possessed of some special revelation; a religious madman; a fanatic.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> One whose mind is wholly possessed and heated by
what engages it; one who is influenced by a peculiar; fervor of mind;
an ardent and imaginative person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Enthusiasts</i> soon understand each
other.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Visionary; fanatic; devotee; zealot.</p>

<p>{ <hw>En*thu`si*as"tic</hw> (?), <hw>En*thu`si*as"tic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; .] <def>Filled with enthusiasm;
characterized by enthusiasm; zealous; as, an <i>enthusiastic</i>
lover of art.</def> "<i>Enthusiastical</i> raptures." <i>Calamy.</i>
-- <wf>En*thu`si*as"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>A young man . . . of a visionary and
<i>enthusiastic</i> character.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*thu`si*as"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
enthusiast; a zealot.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>En`thy*me*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>En`thy*me*mat"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to, or of the form
of, an enthymeme.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"thy*meme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to keep in mind, consider; &?; in + &?; mind, soul.] <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>An argument consisting of only two propositions, an antecedent
and consequent deduced from it; a syllogism with one premise omitted;
as, We are dependent; therefore we should be humble. Here the major
proposition is suppressed. The complete syllogism would be, Dependent
creatures should be humble; we are dependent creatures; therefore we
should be humble.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*tice"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enticed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enticing</u> (?).] [OE. <i>entisen</i>, <i>enticen</i>, OF.
<i>enticier</i>, <i>entichier</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) +
a word of uncertain origin, cf. OF. <i>atisier</i> to stir a fire,
provoke, L. <i>titio</i> firebrand, or MHG. <i>zicken</i> to push.]
<def>To draw on, by exciting hope or desire; to allure; to attract;
as, the bait <i>enticed</i> the fishes. Often in a bad sense: To lead
astray; to induce to evil; to tempt; as, the sirens <i>enticed</i>
them to listen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Roses blushing as they blow,<BR>
And <i>enticing</i> men to pull.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My son, if sinners <i>entice</i> thee, consent thou
not.</blockquote> <i>Prov. i. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, and thine erring brother gain,<BR>
<i>Entice</i> him home to be forgiven.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To allure; lure; coax; decoy; seduce; tempt;
inveigle; incite; persuade; prevail on. See <u>Allure</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En*tice"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being enticed.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*tice"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>enticement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of
alluring or tempting; as, the <i>enticements</i> of evil
companions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which entices, or incites to evil;
means of allurement; alluring object; as, an <i>enticement</i> to
sin.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Allurement; attraction; temptation; seduction;
inveiglement; persuasion; inducement.</p>

<p><hw>En*ti"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who entices;
one who incites or allures to evil.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*ti"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That entices;
alluring.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ti"cing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an enticing
manner; charmingly.</def> "She . . . sings most <i>enticingly</i>."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tier"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Entirety</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*tire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>entier</i>, L.
<i>integer</i> untouched, undiminished, entire; pref. <i>in-</i>,
negative + the root of <i>tangere</i> to touch. See <u>Tangent</u>,
and cf. <u>Integer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Complete in all
parts; undivided; undiminished; whole; full and perfect; not
deficient; as, the <i>entire</i> control of a business; <i>entire</i>
confidence, ignorance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That ye may be perfect and <i>entire</i>, wanting
nothing.</blockquote> <i>James i. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With strength <i>entire</i> and free will
armed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>entire</i> and perfect chrysolite.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without mixture or alloy of anything;
unqualified; morally whole; pure; faithful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pure fear and <i>entire</i> cowardice.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No man had ever a heart more <i>entire</i> to the
king.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Consisting of a single piece, as a corolla.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having an evenly continuous edge, as a leaf
which has no kind of teeth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not gelded; -- said of a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Internal; interior.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Whole</u>, and <u>Radical</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En*tire"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Entirely.</def> "Too long to print in <i>entire</i>."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Brewing)</i> <def>A name originally given
to a kind of beer combining qualities of different kinds of
beer.</def> [Eng.] "Foker's <i>Entire</i>."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tire"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In an entire manner; wholly; completely; fully; as, the trace is
<i>entirely</i> lost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Euphrates falls not <i>entirely</i> into the Persian
Sea.</blockquote> <i>Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without alloy or mixture; truly;
sincerely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To highest God <i>entirely</i> pray.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tire"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or condition of being entire; completeness; fullness;
totality; as, the <i>entireness</i> of an arch or a bridge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This same <i>entireness</i> or
completeness.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Integrity; wholeness of heart;
honesty.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Entireness</i> in preaching the
gospel.</blockquote> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Oneness; unity; -- applied to a condition
of intimacy or close association.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>True Christian love may be separated from
acquaintance, and acquaintance from <i>entireness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tire"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Entireness</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>entieret&eacute;</i>.  Cf.
<u>Integrity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being entire;
completeness; as, <i>entirely</i> of interest.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is entire; the whole.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"ti*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Entity</u>.] <def>Considered as pure entity; abstracted from all
circumstances.</def> <i>Ellis.</i> -- <wf>En"ti*ta*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*ti"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Entitled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Entitling</u> (?).] [OF. <i>entituler</i>, F. <i>intituler</i>,
LL. <i>intitulare</i>, fr. L. <i>in + titulus</i> title. See
<u>Title</u>, and cf. <u>Intitule</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
give a title to; to affix to as a name or appellation; hence, also,
to dignify by an honorary designation; to denominate; to call; as, to
<i>entitle</i> a book "Commentaries;"  to <i>entitle</i> a man
"Honorable."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which . . . we <i>entitle</i>
patience.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a claim to; to qualify for, with a
direct object of the person, and a remote object of the thing; to
furnish with grounds for seeking or claiming with success; as, an
officer's talents <i>entitle</i> him to command.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attribute; to ascribe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The ancient proverb . . . <i>entitles</i> this work .
. . peculiarly to God himself.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To name; designate; style; characterize; empower;
qualify; enable; fit.</p>

<p><hw>En*tit"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Entitle</u>.] <def>To entitle.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"ti*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Entities</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>entitas</i>, fr. L.
<i>ens</i>, <i>entis</i>, thing, prop. p. pr. of <i>esse</i> to be:
cf. F. <i>entit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Essence</u>, <u>Is</u>.] <def>A
real being, whether in thought (as an ideal conception) or in fact;
being; essence; existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Self-subsisting <i>entities</i>, such as our own
personality.</blockquote> <i>Shairp.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fortune is no real <i>entity</i>, . . . but a mere
relative signification.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"to-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; within, fr. &?; in. See <u>In</u>.]
<def>A combining form signifying <i>within</i>; as,
<i>ento</i>blast.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"to*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ento-</i> +
<i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The inner germ layer; endoderm.
See <u>Nucleolus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`to*bron"chi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Entobronchia</b></plw> (#). [See <i>Ento-</i>, and
<i>Bronchia</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the main bronchi in the
lungs of birds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En`to*cu*ne"i*form</hw> (?), <hw>En`to*cu"ni*form</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ento-</i> + <i>cuneiform</i>,
<i>cuniform</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the bones of the tarsus.
See <u>Cuneiform</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"to*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ento-</i> + Gr.
&?; skin.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See <u>Endoderm</u>, and
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Blastoderm</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En`to*der"mal</hw> (?), <hw>En`to*der"mic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Relating to the
entoderm.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`to*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ento-</i> +
Gr. &?; the stomach.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
interior of the stomach; -- applied to a mode of budding from the
interior of the gastric cavity, in certain hydroids.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*tog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ento-</i> +
<i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See <u>Endogenous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`to*glos"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ento-</i> +
Gr. &?; the tongue.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Within the tongue; --
applied to the glossohyal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*toil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Entoiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Entoiling</u>.] <def>To take with toils or bring into toils; to
insnare.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Entoiled</i> in woofed phantasies.</blockquote>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tomb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Entombed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Entombing</u>.] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>tomb</i>: cf. OF.
<i>entomber</i>.] <def>To deposit in a tomb, as a dead body; to bury;
to inter; to inhume.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tomb"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
entombing or burying, or state of being entombed; burial.</def>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"to*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ento-</i> + <i>-
mere</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The more granular cells, which finally
become internal, in many segmenting ova, as those of
mammals.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En*tom"ic</hw> (?), <hw>En*tom"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; insect. See <u>Entomology</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Relating to insects;
entomological.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"to*moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; insect +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling an insect.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An object resembling an insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*tom"o*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; insect.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Chitin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*tom"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; insect +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil insect.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En`to*mo*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>En`to*mo*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>entomologique</i>.] <def>Of or
relating to entomology.</def> -- <wf>En`to*mo*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En`to*mol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>entomologiste</i>.] <def>One versed in entomology.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`to*mol"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
collect specimens in the study of entomology.</def>  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`to*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Entomologies</b></plw> (#). [Gr. <grk>'e`ntomon</grk> insect
(so called because nearly cut in two, fr. <grk>'e`ntomos</grk> cut
in; <grk>'en</grk> in + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut) + <i>-logy</i>:
cf. F. <i>entomologie</i>. See <u>In</u>, and <u>Tome</u>, and cf.
<u>Insect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part of zo&ouml;logy
which treats of insects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on the science of
entomology.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`to*moph"a*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>'e`ntomon</grk> an insect +  <grk>fagei^n</grk> to eat.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of a group of
hymenopterous insects whose larv&aelig; feed parasitically upon
living insects. See <u>Ichneumon</u>, 2.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A group of marsupials which are partly
insectivorous, as the opossum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A group of edentates, including the ant-
eaters.</def></p>

<p><! p. 498 !></p>

<p><hw>En`to*moph"a*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Relating to the Entomophaga.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Entomophaga.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`to*moph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feeding on insects; insectivorous.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`to*moph"i*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
insect + &?; a lover.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Fertilized by the agency of
insects; -- said of plants in which the pollen is carried to the
stigma by insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`to*mos"tra*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; cut in pieces + &?; burnt clay, the hard shell of
Testacea.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the subclasses of
Crustacea, including a large number of species, many of them minute.
The group embraces several orders; as the Phyllopoda, Ostracoda,
Copepoda, and Pectostraca. See <u>Copepoda</u>, <u>Phyllopoda</u>,
and <u>Cladocera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`to*mos"tra*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Relating to the Entomostraca.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Entomostraca.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`to*mos"tra*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Entomostracans.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`to*mot"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices entomotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`to*mot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; insect
+ <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.] <def>The science of the dissection of
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; strained,
fr. &?; to strain. See <u>Entasis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having
great tension, or exaggerated action.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`to*pe*riph"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ento-
</i> + <i>peripheral</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Being, or having
its origin, within the external surface of the body; -- especially
applied to feelings, such as hunger, produced by internal
disturbances. Opposed to <i>epiperipheral</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"to*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ento-</i> + Gr.
&?; a plant.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A vegetable parasite subsisting in
the interior of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`to*phyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to entophytes; as, an <i>entophytic</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"to*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ento-</i> + Gr.
&?; anything formed.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
inner granular layer of protoplasm in a developing ovum.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Endosarc.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`to*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ento-</i> +
Gr. &?; to mold.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or composed of,
entoplasm; as, the <i>entoplastic</i> products of some Protozoa, or
the <i>entoplastic</i> modification of the cell protoplasm, by which
a nucleus is produced.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`to*plas"tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Entoplastra</b></plw> (#). [<i>Ento-</i> + <i>plastron</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The median plate of the plastron of turtles; --
called also <i>entosternum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`to*proc"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; within + &?; the anus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
Bryozoa in which the anus is within the circle of tentacles. See
<u>Pedicellina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ent*op"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ent-</i> +
<i>optic</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Relating to objects situated
within the eye; esp., relating to the perception of objects in one's
own eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ent*or"gan*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ent-</i> +
<i>organism</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An internal parasitic
organism.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*tor`ti*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>entortiller</i> to twist; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) +
<i>tortiller</i> to twist.] <def>A turning into a circle; round
figures.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En`to*ster"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Entosterna</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Ento-</u>, and
<u>Sternum</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Entoplastron</u>.</def> -
- <wf>En`to*ster"nal</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*tos"tho*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'e`ntosthe</grk> from within + <i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The granule within the nucleolus or entoblast of a nucleated
cell.</def>  <i>Agassiz.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`to*tho"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ento-</i> +
<i>thorax</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Endothorax</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ent*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ent-</i> + Gr.
&?;, &?;, the ear.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the interior of
the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`to*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; within + &?;  an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A group of worms, including the tapeworms, flukes, roundworms,
etc., most of which live parasitically in the interior of other
animals; the Helminthes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An artificial group, including all kinds
of animals living parasitically in others.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En`to*zo"al</hw> (?), <hw>En`to*zo"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
consisting of, the Entozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`to*zo*&ouml;l"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Entozo&ouml;n</i> + <i>-logy</i> + <i>-ist</i>.] <def>One versed
in the science of the Entozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`to*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Entozoa</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Entozoa</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Entozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`tr'acte"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf.
<u>Interact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The interval of time which
occurs between the performance of any two acts of a drama.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dance, piece of music, or interlude,
performed between two acts of a drama.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*trail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ OF. <i>treiller</i> to grate, lattice, F. <i>treille</i> vine,
arbor. See <u>Trellis</u>.] <def>To interweave; to intertwine.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*trail"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Entanglement;
fold.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"trails</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>entrailles</i>, LL. <i>intralia</i>, <i>intranea</i>, fr.
<i>interaneum</i>, pl. <i>interanea</i>, intestine, <i>interaneus</i>
inward, interior, fr. <i>inter</i> between, among, within. See
<u>Internal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The internal parts of
animal bodies; the bowels; the guts; viscera; intestines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The internal parts; as, the
<i>entrails</i> of the earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That treasure . . . hid the dark <i>entrails</i> of
America.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*train"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>entrainer</i>.] <def>To draw along as a current does; as, water
<i>entrained</i> by steam.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*train"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>train</i>.] <def>To put aboard a railway train; as, to
<i>entrain</i> a regiment.</def> [Recent, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>En*train"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go aboard a
railway train; as, the troops <i>entrained</i> at the station.</def>
[Recent, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>En*tram"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Trammel</u>.] <def>To trammel; to entangle.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"trance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>entrance</i>,
fr. OF. &amp; F. <i>entrant</i>, p. pr. of <i>entrer</i> to enter. See
<u>Enter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of entering or going
into; ingress; as, the <i>entrance</i> of a person into a house or an
apartment; hence, the act of taking possession, as of property, or of
office; as, the <i>entrance</i> of an heir upon his inheritance, or
of a magistrate into office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liberty, power, or permission to enter;
as, to give <i>entrance</i> to friends.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The passage, door, or gate, for
entering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Show us, we pray thee, the <i>entrance</i> into the
city.</blockquote> <i>Judg. i. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The entering upon; the beginning, or that
with which the beginning is made; the commencement; initiation; as, a
difficult <i>entrance</i> into business.</def> "Beware of
<i>entrance</i> to a quarrel."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>St. Augustine, in the <i>entrance</i> of one of his
discourses, makes a kind of apology.</blockquote>
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The causing to be entered upon a register,
as a ship or goods, at a customhouse; an entering; as, his
<i>entrance</i> of the arrival was made the same day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
angle which the bow of a vessel makes with the water at the water
line.</def> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bow,
or entire wedgelike forepart of a vessel, below the water line.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*trance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Entranced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Entrancing</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>en-</i> +
<i>trance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put into a trance; to make
insensible to present objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Him, still <i>entranced</i> and in a litter laid,<BR>
They bore from field and to the bed conveyed.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put into an ecstasy; to ravish with
delight or wonder; to enrapture; to charm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And I so ravished with her heavenly note,<BR>
I stood <i>entranced</i>, and had no room for thought.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*trance"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
entrancing, or the state of trance or ecstasy.</def>
<i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"trant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Entrance</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who enters; a
beginner.</def> "The <i>entrant</i> upon life."  <i>Bp.
Terrot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An applicant for admission.</def>
<i>Stormonth.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*trap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Entrapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Entrapping</u>.] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>trap</i>: cf. OF.
<i>entraper</i>.] <def>To catch in a trap; to insnare; hence, to
catch, as in a trap, by artifices; to involve in difficulties or
distresses; to catch or involve in contradictions; as, to be
<i>entrapped</i> by the devices of evil men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A golden mesh, to <i>entrap</i> the hearts of
men.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To insnare; inveigle; tangle; decoy; entangle.</p>

<p><hw>En*treat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Entreated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Entreating</u>.] [OE. <i>entreten</i> to treat, request, OF.
<i>entraiter</i> to treat of; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) +
<i>traitier</i> to treat. See <u>Treat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To treat, or conduct toward; to deal with; to use.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fairly let her be <i>entreated</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will cause the enemy to <i>entreat</i> thee
well.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xv. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with, or in respect to, a thing
desired; hence, to ask earnestly; to beseech; to petition or pray
with urgency; to supplicate; to importune.</def>  "<i>Entreat</i> my
wife to come."  "I do <i>entreat</i> your patience."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I must <i>entreat</i> of you some of that
money.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some late visitor <i>entreating</i> entrance at my
chamber door.</blockquote> <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Isaac <i>entreated</i> the Lord for his
wife.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxv. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To beseech or supplicate successfully; to
prevail upon by prayer or solicitation; to persuade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were a fruitless attempt to appease a power whom no
prayers could <i>entreat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To invite; to entertain.</def> [Obs.]
"Pleasures to <i>entreat</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To beseech; beg; solicit; crave; implore;
supplicate. See <u>Beseech</u>.</p>

<p><hw>En*treat"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To treat or discourse; hence, to enter into negotiations, as for
a treaty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of which I shall have further occasion to
<i>entreat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Alexander . . . was first that <i>entreated</i> of
true peace with them.</blockquote> <i>1 Mac. x. 47.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make an earnest petition or
request.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Janizaries <i>entreated</i> for them as valiant
men.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*treat"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Entreaty.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*treat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
entreated.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*treat"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Entreaty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*treat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
entreats; one who asks earnestly; a beseecher.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*treat"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
entreaty. [R.] See <u>Intreatful</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*treat"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
entreating manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*treat"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Used in
entreaty; pleading.</def> [R.] "<i>Entreative</i> phrase."  <i>A.
Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*treat"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Entreaty;
invitation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*treat"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Entreaties</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Treatment; reception; entertainment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of entreating or beseeching;
urgent prayer; earnest petition; pressing solicitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair <i>entreaty</i>, and sweet
blandishment.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Solicitation; request; suit; supplication;
importunity.</p>

<p><hw>||En`tr&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Entry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A coming in, or entrance;
hence, freedom of access; permission or right to enter; as, to have
the <i>entr&eacute;e</i> of a house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>In French usage, a dish
served at the beginning of dinner to give zest to the appetite; in
English usage, a side dish, served with a joint, or between the
courses, as a cutlet, scalloped oysters, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`tre*mets"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. <i>entre</i> between + <i>mets</i> a dish, mess.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A side dish; a dainty or
relishing dish usually eaten after the joints or principal dish;
also, a sweetmeat, served with a dinner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any small entertainment between two
greater ones.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>En*trench"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Intrench</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`tre*p&ocirc;t"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
warehouse; a magazine for depositing goods, stores, etc.; a mart or
place where merchandise is deposited; as, an <i>entrep&ocirc;t</i>
for shipping goods in transit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`tre*pre*neur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Enterprise</u>.] <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i> <def>One who creates a
product on his own account; whoever undertakes on his own account an
industrial enterprise in which workmen are employed.</def>  <i>F. A.
Walker.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En`tre*sol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A low story between two higher ones, usually
between the ground floor and the first story; mezzanine.</def>
<i>Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*trick"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>entriken</i> to perplex, OF. <i>entriquer</i>.  Cf. <u>Trick</u>,
<u>Intrigue</u>.] <def>To trick, to perplex.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of
R.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"tro*chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or consisting of, entrochites, or the joints of encrinites; -- used
of a kind of stone or marble.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"tro*chite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ Gr. &?;  wheel.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil joint of a crinoid
stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En*tro"pi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Entropium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En*tro"pi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Entropy</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The inversion or turning in of
the border of the eyelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"tro*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;  a turning
in; &?; in + &?; a turn, fr. &?; to turn.] <i>(Thermodynamics)</i>
<def>A certain property of a body, expressed as a measurable
quantity, such that when there is no communication of heat the
quantity remains constant, but when heat enters or leaves the body
the quantity increases or diminishes. If a small amount, <i>h</i>, of
heat enters the body when its temperature is <i>t</i> in the
thermodynamic scale the entropy of the body is increased by <i>h &?;
t</i>. The entropy is regarded as measured from some standard
temperature and pressure. Sometimes called the <i>thermodynamic
function</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>entropy</i> of the universe tends towards a
maximum.</blockquote> <i>Clausius.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*trust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Intrust</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Entries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>entree</i>, <i>entre</i>, F.
<i>entr&eacute;e</i>, fr. <i>entrer</i> to enter. See <u>Enter</u>,
and cf. <u>Entr&eacute;e</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
entering or passing into or upon; entrance; ingress; hence,
beginnings or first attempts; as, the <i>entry</i> of a person into a
house or city; the <i>entry</i> of a river into the sea; the
<i>entry</i> of air into the blood; an <i>entry</i> upon an
undertaking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of making or entering a record; a
setting down in writing the particulars, as of a transaction; as, an
<i>entry</i> of a sale; also, that which is entered; an
item.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A notary made an <i>entry</i> of this
act.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That by which entrance is made; a passage
leading into a house or other building, or to a room; a vestibule; an
adit, as of a mine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A straight, long <i>entry</i> to the temple
led.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The exhibition or depositing
of a ship's papers at the customhouse, to procure license to land
goods; or the giving an account of a ship's cargo to the officer of
the customs, and obtaining his permission to land the goods. See
<u>Enter</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 8, and <u>Entrance</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
actual taking possession of lands or tenements, by entering or
setting foot on them.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A putting upon
record in proper form and order.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
act in addition to breaking essential to constitute the offense or
burglary.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of entry</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bill</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Double entry</b></col>, <col><b>Single entry</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Bookkeeping</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Entry clerk</b></col>
<i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a clerk who makes the original entries of
transactions in a business.</cd> -- <col><b>Writ of entry</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a writ issued for the purpose of obtaining
possession of land from one who has unlawfully entered and continues
in possession.</cd>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"tryng</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Am
entrance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So great an <i>entryng</i> and so large.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*tune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tune; to
intone.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*twine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-</i>
+ <i>twine</i>.  Cf. <u>Intwine</u>.] <def>To twine, twist, or
wreathe together or round.</def> [Written also <i>intwine</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Entwined</i> in duskier wreaths her braided
locks.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy glorious household stuff did me
<i>entwine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*twine"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be twisted or
twined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With whose imperial laurels might <i>entwine</i> no
cypress.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*twine"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A twining or
twisting together or round; union.</def>  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*twist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To twist or
wreathe round; to intwine.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nu"bi*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>enubilatus</i>, p. p. of <i>enubilare</i> to enubilate; <i>e</i>
out + <i>nubila</i> clouds, fr. <i>nubilis</i> cloudy, <i>nubes</i>
cloud.] <def>To clear from mist, clouds, or obscurity.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nu"bi*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Enubilate</u>.] <def>Free from fog, mist, or clouds; clear.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*nu"cle*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enucleated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Enucleating</u> (?).] [L. <i>enucleatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>enucleare</i> to enucleate; <i>e</i> out + <i>nucleus</i> kernel.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring or peel out, as a kernel from its
enveloping husks its enveloping husks or shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To remove without cutting
(as a tumor).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring to light; to make clear.</def>
<i>Sclater (1654).</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nu`cle*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;nucl&eacute;ation</i>.] <def>The act of enucleating;
elucidation; exposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither sir, nor water, nor food, seem directly to
contribute anything to the <i>enucleation</i> of this
disease.</blockquote> <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nu"mer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enumerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Enumerating</u> (?).] [L. <i>enumeratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>enumerare</i> to count out, enumerate; <i>e</i> out +
<i>numerare</i> to count, fr. <i>numerus</i> number. See
<u>Number</u>.] <def>To count; to tell by numbers; to count over, or
tell off one after another; to number; to reckon up; to mention one
by one; to name over; to make a special and separate account of; to
recount; as, to <i>enumerate</i> the stars in a
constellation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Enumerating</i> the services he had
done.</blockquote> <i>Ludlow.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reckon; compute; calculate; count; estimate;
relate; rehearse; recapitulate; detail.</p>

<p><! p. 499 !></p>

<p><hw>E*nu`mer*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>enumeratio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;num&eacute;ration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of enumerating, making separate
mention, or recounting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A detailed account, in which each thing is
specially noticed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Because almost every man we meet possesses these, we
leave them out of our <i>enumeration</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A recapitulation, in the
peroration, of the heads of an argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*nu"mer*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;num&eacute;ratif</i>.] <def>Counting, or reckoning up, one
by one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Enumerative</i> of the variety of
evils.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nu"mer*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
enumerates.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*nun"ci*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being enunciated or expressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*nun"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Enunciated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Enunciating</u> (?).] [L. <i>enuntiatus</i>, <i>-
ciatus</i>, p. p. of <i>enuntiare</i>, <i>-ciare</i>. See
<u>Enounce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a formal statement
of; to announce; to proclaim; to declare, as a truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The terms in which he <i>enunciates</i> the great
doctrines of the gospel.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make distinctly audible; to utter
articulately; to pronounce; as, to <i>enunciate</i> a word
distinctly.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*nun"ci*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter words
or syllables articulately.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*nun`ci*a"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>enuntiatio</i>, <i>-ciatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of enunciating, announcing, proclaiming, or making known; open
attestation; declaration; as, the <i>enunciation</i> of an important
truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By way of interpretation and
<i>enunciation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mode of utterance or pronunciation,
especially as regards fullness and distinctness or articulation; as,
to speak with a clear or impressive <i>enunciation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is enunciated or announced;
words in which a proposition is expressed; an announcement; a formal
declaration; a statement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every intelligible <i>enunciation</i> must be either
true or false.</blockquote> <i>A. Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*nun"ci*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>enuntiativus</i>, <i>-ciativus</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or
containing, enunciation; declarative.</def> <i>Ayliffe.</i> --
<wf>E*nun"ci*a*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E*nun"ci*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>enuntiator</i>, <i>enunciator</i>.] <def>One who enunciates or
proclaims.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*nun"ci*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, enunciation or
utterance.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Inure</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`u*re"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
to urinate in; &?; + &?; urine.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An involuntary
discharge of urine; incontinence of urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*vas"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a
vassal of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*vault"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose in
a vault; to entomb.</def> [R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*vei"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To entice.
See <u>Inveigle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*vel"op</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enveloped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enveloping</u>.] [OE. <i>envolupen</i>, <i>envolipen</i>, OF.
<i>envoluper</i>, <i>envoleper</i>, F. <i>envelopper</i>; pref.
<i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>voluper</i>, <i>voleper</i>. See
<u>Develop</u>.] <def>To put a covering about; to wrap up or in; to
inclose within a case, wrapper, integument or the like; to surround
entirely; as, to <i>envelop</i> goods or a letter; the fog
<i>envelops</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nocturnal shades this world
<i>envelop</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>En"vel*ope</hw> (?; 277), <hw>En*vel"op</hw> (?; 277), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>enveloppe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which envelops, wraps up, encases, or surrounds; a wrapper;
an inclosing cover; esp., the cover or wrapper of a document, as of a
letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The nebulous covering of
the head or nucleus of a comet; -- called also <i>coma</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A work of earth, in the
form of a single parapet or of a small rampart. It is sometimes
raised in the ditch and sometimes beyond it.</def>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A curve or surface which is
tangent to each member of a system of curves or surfaces, the form
and position of the members of the system being allowed to vary
according to some continuous law. Thus, any curve is the
<i>envelope</i> of its tangents.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*vel"op*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>enveloppement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of enveloping
or wrapping; an inclosing or covering on all sides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which envelops or surrounds; an
envelop.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*ven"ime</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
envenom.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*ven"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Envenomed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Envenoming</u>.] [OE. <i>envenimen</i>, F. <i>envenimer</i>; pref.
<i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + F. <i>venin</i> poison. See
<u>Venom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To taint or impregnate with
venom, or any substance noxious to life; to poison; to render
dangerous or deadly by poison, as food, drink, a weapon; as,
<i>envenomed</i> meat, wine, or arrow; also, to poison (a person) by
impregnating with venom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alcides . . . felt the <i>envenomed</i>
robe.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, what a world is this, when what is comely<BR>
<i>Envenoms</i> him that bears it!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To taint or impregnate with bitterness,
malice, or hatred; to imbue as with venom; to imbitter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>envenomed</i> tongue of calumny.</blockquote>
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the question of slavery opinion has of late years
been peculiarly <i>envenomed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir G. C.
Lewis.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*ver"meil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>en-
</i> + <i>vermeil</i>: cf. OF. <i>envermeiller</i>. See
<u>Vermil</u>.] <def>To color with, or as with, vermilion; to dye
red.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"vi*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Envy</u>.]
<def>Fitted to excite envy; capable of awakening an ardent desire to
posses or to resemble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of most <i>enviable</i> of human
beings.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>En"vi*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>En"vi*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*vie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Vie</u>.]
<def>To vie; to emulate; to strive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"vi*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who envies;
one who desires inordinately what another possesses.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*vig"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
invigorate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En"vi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>envios</i>,
F. <i>envieux</i>, fr. L. <i>invidiosus</i>, fr. <i>invidia</i> envy.
See <u>Envy</u>, and cf. <u>Invidious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Malignant; mischievous; spiteful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Each <i>envious</i> brier his weary legs doth
scratch.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Feeling or exhibiting envy; actuated or
directed by, or proceeding from, envy; -- said of a person,
disposition, feeling, act, etc.; jealously pained by the excellence
or good fortune of another; maliciously grudging; -- followed by
<i>of</i>, <i>at</i>, and <i>against</i>; as, an <i>envious</i> man,
disposition, attack; <i>envious</i> tongues.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul is <i>envious</i> of mine eye.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither be thou <i>envious</i> at the
wicked.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxiv. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inspiring envy.</def> [Obs. or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He to him leapt, and that same <i>envious</i> gage<BR>
Of victor's glory from him snatched away.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Excessively careful; cautious.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No men are so <i>envious</i> of their
health.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>En"vi*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>En"vi*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*vi"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Environed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Environing</u>.] [F. <i>environner</i>, fr. <i>environ</i> about,
thereabout; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + OF. <i>viron</i>
circle, circuit, fr. OF. &amp; F. <i>virer</i> to turn, LL. <i>virare</i>
to turn up and down, topsy-turvy.  Cf. <u>Veer</u>.] <def>To
surround; to encompass; to encircle; to hem in; to be round about; to
involve or envelop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dwelling in a pleasant glade,<BR>
With mountains round about <i>environed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Environed</i> he was with many foes.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Environ</i> me with darkness whilst I
write.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*vi"ron</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F.] <def>About;
around.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lord Godfrey's eye three times <i>environ</i>
goes.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*vi"ron*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>environnement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of environing;
state of being environed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which environs or surrounds;
surrounding conditions, influences, or forces, by which living forms
are influenced and modified in their growth and
development.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is no friendly <i>environment</i>, this of
thine.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*vi"rons</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>The parts or places which surround another place, or lie in its
neighborhood; suburbs; as, the <i>environs</i> of a city or
town.</def>  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*vis"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Envisaged</u> (?; 48); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Envisaging</u> (?).] [F. <i>envisager</i>; pref.
<i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>visage</i> face, visage. See
<u>Visage</u>.] <def>To look in the face of; to apprehend; to
regard.</def> [R.]  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From the very dawn of existence the infant must
<i>envisage</i> self, and body acting on self.</blockquote>
<i>McCosh.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*vis"age*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
envisaging.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*vol"ume</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form
into, or incorporate with, a volume.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>En*vol"up</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Envelop</u>.] <def>To wrap up; to envelop.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"voy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>envoy&eacute;</i>
envoy, fr. <i>envoyer</i> to send; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) +
<i>voie</i> way, L. <i>via</i>: cf. F. <i>envoi</i> an envoy (in
sense 2). See <u>Voyage</u>, and cf. <u>Invoice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One dispatched upon an errand or mission; a
messenger; esp., a person deputed by a sovereign or a government to
negotiate a treaty, or transact other business, with a foreign
sovereign or government; a minister accredited to a foreign
government. An envoy's rank is below that of an ambassador.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>envoi</i>, fr. <i>envoyer</i> to send.]
<def>An explanatory or commendatory postscript to a poem, essay, or
book; -- also in the French from, <i>l'envoi</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>envoy</i> of a ballad is the "sending" of it
forth.</blockquote> <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"voy*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
position of an envoy.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Envies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>envie</i>, L. <i>invidia</i>
envious; akin to <i>invidere</i> to look askance at, to look with
enmity; <i>in</i> against + <i>videre</i> to see. See <u>Vision</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Malice; ill will; spite.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If he evade us there,<BR>
Enforce him with his <i>envy</i> to the people.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Chagrin, mortification, discontent, or
uneasiness at the sight of another's excellence or good fortune,
accompanied with some degree of hatred and a desire to possess equal
advantages; malicious grudging; -- usually followed by <i>of</i>; as,
they did this in <i>envy</i> of C&aelig;sar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Envy</i> is a repining at the prosperity or good of
another, or anger and displeasure at any good of another which we
want, or any advantage another hath above us.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No bliss<BR>
Enjoyed by us excites his <i>envy</i> more.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Envy</i>, to which the ignoble mind's a slave,<BR>
Is emulation in the learned or brave.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Emulation; rivalry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such as cleanliness and decency<BR>
Prompt to a virtuous <i>envy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Public odium; ill repute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To lay the <i>envy</i> of the war upon
Cicero.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An object of envious notice or
feeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This constitution in former days used to be the
<i>envy</i> of the world.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"vy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Envied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Envying</u>.] [F. <i>envier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel
envy at or towards; to be envious of; to have a feeling of uneasiness
or mortification in regard to (any one), arising from the sight of
another's excellence or good fortune and a longing to possess
it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman does not <i>envy</i> a man for his fighting
courage, nor a man a woman for her beauty.</blockquote>
<i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whoever <i>envies</i> another confesses his
superiority.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feel envy on account of; to have a
feeling of grief or repining, with a longing to possess (some
excellence or good fortune of another, or an equal good fortune,
etc.); to look with grudging upon; to begrudge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have seen thee fight,<BR>
When I have <i>envied</i> thy behavior.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jeffrey . . . had actually <i>envied</i> his friends
their cool mountain breezes.</blockquote> <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To long after; to desire strongly; to
covet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or climb his knee the <i>envied</i> kiss to
share.</blockquote> <i>T. Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To do harm to; to injure; to
disparage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If I make a lie<BR>
To gain your love and <i>envy</i> my best mistress,<BR>
Put me against a wall.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To hate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To emulate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En"vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be filled with envious feelings; to regard anything with
grudging and longing eyes; -- used especially with
<i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who would <i>envy</i> at the prosperity of the
wicked?</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To show malice or ill will; to rail.</def>
[Obs.] "He has . . . <i>envied</i> against the people."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*vyned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>enviner</i>
to store with wine; pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>vin</i>
wine. See <u>Vine</u>.] <def>Stored or furnished with wine.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*wall"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Inwall</u>.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*wal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To plunge
into, or roll in, flith; to wallow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So now all three one senseless lump remain,<BR>
<i>Enwallowed</i> in his own black bloody gore.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*wheel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
encircle.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*wid"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
widen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>En*wind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wind about;
to encircle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the circle of his arms<BR>
<i>Enwound</i> us both.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*wom"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To endow with
the qualities of a woman.</def> [R.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*womb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enwombed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enwombing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To conceive in the
womb.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bury, as it were in a womb; to hide, as
in a gulf, pit, or cavern.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*wrap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To envelop.
See <u>Inwrap</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*wrap"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
enwrapping; a wrapping or an envelope.</def>  <i>Shuckford.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*wreathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Inwreathe</u>.</def>  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`zo*&ouml;t"ic</hw> (&ebreve;n`z&osl;*&obreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'en</grk> in + <grk>zw^,on</grk> an
animal: cf. F. <i>enzo&ouml;tique</i>.] <def>Afflicting animals; --
used of a disease affecting the animals of a district. It corresponds
to an <i>endemic</i> disease among men.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"zyme</hw> (&ebreve;n"z&imacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>en-</i> (Gr. <grk>'en</grk> in) + Gr. <grk>zy`mh</grk>
leaven.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An unorganized or unformed
ferment, in distinction from an organized or living ferment; a
soluble, or chemical, ferment.  Ptyalin, pepsin, diastase, and rennet
are good examples of enzymes.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"o*cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; daybreak,
dawn + &?; new, recent.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the first
in time of the three subdivisions into which the Tertiary formation
is divided by geologists, and alluding to the approximation in its
life to that of the present era; as, <i>Eocene</i> deposits.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Eocene formation.</def>
<i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*o"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>&AElig;olian</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>&AElig;olian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Formed, or deposited, by
the action of wind, as dunes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Eolian attachment</b></col>, <col><b>Eolian
harp</b></col>. <cd>See <u>&AElig;olian</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*ol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>&AElig;olic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ol"i*pile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;olipyle</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>&AElig;olipile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"o*lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Aeolis</i> a
daughter of &AElig;olus, Gr. <grk>A'ioli`s</grk>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of nudibranch mollusks having
clusters of branchial papill&aelig; along the back. See
<u>Ceratobranchia</u>.</def> [Written also <i>&AElig;olis</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>E"on</hw> (?), <hw>&AElig;"on</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aeon</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>a'iwn</grk> space
or period of time, lifetime, age; akin to L. <i>aevum</i>. See
<u>Age</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An immeasurable or infinite
space of time; eternity; a long space of time; an age.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>eons</i> of geological time.</blockquote>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gnostic Philos.)</i> <def>One of the
embodiments of the divine attributes of the Eternal Being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among the higher <i>&AElig;ons</i> are Mind, Reason,
Power, Truth, and Life.</blockquote> <i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Eons</i> were considered to be emanations sent forth by
God from the depths of His grand solitude to fulfill various
functions in the material and spiritual universe.</p>

<p><hw>E"o*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dawn + &?; a
plant.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil plant which is found in the
lowest beds of the Silurian age.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`o*phyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to eophytes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E"os</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>'Hw`s</grk>.] <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>Aurora, the goddess of
morn.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E`o*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'hw`s</grk> dawn + <grk>say^ros</grk> lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>An extinct marine reptile from the coal measures of Nova Scotia;
-- so named because supposed to be of the earliest known
reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"o*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dawn.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow or brownish red dyestuff obtained by the
action of bromine on fluoresce&iuml;n, and named from the fine rose-
red which it imparts to silk. It is also used for making a fine red
ink. Its solution is fluorescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*os"pho*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?;
Bringer of morn.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous phosphate of alumina
and manganese. It is generally of a rose-pink color, -- whence the
name.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`o*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Eozo&ouml;n</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to rocks or
strata older than the Paleozoic, in many of which the eozo&ouml;n has
been found.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term has been proposed for the strata formerly called
<i>Azoic</i>, and is preferred especially by those geologists who
regard the eozo&ouml;n as of organic origin. See
<u>Arch&aelig;an</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||E`o*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Eozo&ouml;ns</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Eozoa</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'hw`s</grk> dawn + <grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A peculiar structure found in the Arch&aelig;an
limestones of Canada and other regions. By some geologists it is
believed to be a species of gigantic Foraminifera, but others
consider it a concretion, without organic structure.</def></p>

<p><! p. 500 !></p>

<p><hw>E`o*zo"&ouml;n*al</hw>
(&emacr;`&osl;*z&omacr;"&obreve;n*<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the eozo&ouml;n; containing
eozo&ouml;ns; as, <i>eozo&ouml;nal</i> limestone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep-</hw> (&ebreve;p-). [Gr. <grk>'epi`</grk>.] <def>See
<u>Epi-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep"a*cris</hw> (&ebreve;p"&adot;*kr&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. <grk>'e`pakros</grk> pointed at
the end. So called in allusion to the sharply pointed leaves.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs, natives of Australia, New
Zealand, etc., having pretty white, red, or purple blossoms, and much
resembling heaths.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"pact</hw> (&emacr;"p&abreve;kt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;pacte</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>'epakto`s</grk> brought on or in,
added, fr. <grk>'epa`gein</grk> to bring on or in; <grk>'epi`</grk>
on, in + <grk>'a`gein</grk> to bring or lead. See <u>Epi-</u>, and
<u>Act</u>.] <i>(Chron.)</i> <def>The moon's age at the beginning of
the calendar year, or the number of days by which the last new moon
has preceded the beginning of the year.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Annual epact</b></col>, <cd>the excess of the solar year
over the lunar year, -- being eleven days.</cd> -- <col><b>Menstrual
epact</b></col>, or <col><b>Monthly epact</b></col>, <cd>the excess
of a calendar month over a lunar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ep`a*go"ge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
<grk>'epagwgh`</grk> a bringing in, fr. <grk>'epa`gein</grk>. See
<u>Epact</u>.] <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The adducing of particular
examples so as to lead to a universal conclusion; the argument by
induction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`a*gog"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inductive.</def>  <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pal"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-</i> +
<i>palpus</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Without palpi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep*an`a*di*plo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
Gr. &?;; <grk>'epi`</grk> + &?; to make double.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<def>A figure by which the same word is used both at the beginning
and at the end of a sentence; as, "<i>Rejoice</i> in the Lord always:
and again I say, <i>Rejoice</i>."</def>  <i>Phil. iv. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ep*an`a*lep"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>'epi`</grk> + &?; to take up.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure
by which the same word or clause is repeated after intervening
matter.</def>  <i>Gibbs.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`a*naph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?; a recurrence; <grk>'epi`</grk> + &?; to bring or carry back.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Anaphora</u>.</def>  <i>Gibbs.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`a*nas"tro*phe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; a return, epanastrophe; <grk>'epi`</grk> + &?; to return.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Anadiplosis</u>.</def>
<i>Gibbs.</i></p>

<p><hw>||E*pan"o*dos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
a rising, return; <grk>'epi`</grk> + &?; a way up, rising; &?; up +
&?; way.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure of speech in which the parts
of a sentence or clause are repeated in inverse order</def>, as in
the following: --</p>

<p><blockquote>O more exceeding love, or law more just?<BR>
Just law, indeed, but more exceeding love!</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pan"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Epanodos</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The abnormal change of an
irregular flower to a regular form; -- considered by evolutionists to
be a reversion to an ancestral condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`an*or*tho"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>'epi`</grk> + &?; to set right again; &?; again + &?; to
set straight.] <def>A figure by which a speaker recalls a word or
words, in order to substitute something else stronger or more
significant; as, Most <i>brave</i>!  Brave, did I say? most
<i>heroic</i> act!</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep*an"thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ep-</i> +
Gr. <grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing upon
flowers; -- said of certain species of fungi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'epi`</grk> over + &?; chief, &?; supreme power, dominion.]
<def>In ancient Greece, the governor or perfect of a province; in
modern Greece, the ruler of an eparchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"arch*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the post or
office of an &?;.] <def>A province, prefecture, or territory, under
the jurisdiction of an eparch or governor; esp., in modern Greece,
one of the larger subdivisions of a monarchy or province of the
kingdom; in Russia, a diocese or archdiocese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`ar*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ep-
</i> + <i>arterial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated upon or above
an artery; -- applied esp. to the branches of the bronchi given off
above the point where the pulmonary artery crosses the
bronchus.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*paule"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;paule</i> shoulder, shoulder of a bastion. See
<u>Epaulet</u>, and cf. <u>Spall</u> the shoulder.] <i>(Fort.)</i>
<def>The shoulder of a bastion, or the place where its face and flank
meet and form the angle, called the angle of the shoulder.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*paule"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;paulement</i>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A side work, made of
gabions, fascines, or bags, filled with earth, or of earth heaped up,
to afford cover from the flanking fire of an enemy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep"au*let`</hw>, <hw>Ep"au*lette`</hw>} (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>&eacute;paulette</i>, dim. of
<i>&eacute;paule</i> shoulder, fr. L. <i>spatula</i> a broad piece
(LL., shoulder), dim. of <i>spatha</i> abroad, flat instrument, fr.
Gr. &?;, also, a broad rib, shoulder blade. See <u>Spade</u> the
instrument, and cf. <u>Epaule</u>, <u>Spatula</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>A shoulder ornament or badge worn by military and naval
officers, differences of rank being marked by some peculiar form or
device, as a star, eagle, etc.; a shoulder knot.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States service the epaulet is reserved for
full dress uniform. Its use was abolished in the British army in
1855.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep"au*let`ed</hw>, <hw>Ep"au*let`ted</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing epaulets; decorated with
epaulets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep*ax"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ep-</i> +
<i>axial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Above, or on the dorsal side of,
the axis of the skeleton; episkeletal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*pei"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of spiders, including the common
garden spider (<i>E. diadema</i>). They spin geometrical webs. See
<u>Garden spider</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Epencephalon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`en*ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to the epencephalon.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Situated on or over the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`en*ceph"a*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>'epi`</grk> upon, near + &?; brain.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
segment of the brain next behind the midbrain, including the
cerebellum and pons; the hindbrain. Sometimes abbreviated to
epen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep*en"dy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
an upper garment; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; a garment; &?; in + &?;
to put on.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The epithelial lining of the
ventricles of the brain and the canal of the spinal cord; endyma;
ependymis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep*en"dy*mis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See
<u>Ependyma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`e*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from &?;
to praise; <grk>'epi`</grk> + &?; to praise.] <def>Bestowing praise;
eulogistic; laudatory.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E. Phillips.</i></p>

<p><hw>||E*pen"the*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Epentheses</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>'epi`</grk>
+ &?; to put or set in.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The insertion of a
letter or a sound in the body of a word; as, the <i>b</i> in "nimble"
from AS. <i>n&emacr;mol</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`en*thet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;penth&eacute;tique</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Inserted in
the body of a word; as, an <i>epenthetic</i> letter or
sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`pergne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;pargne</i> a sparing or saving; a treasury. "Our
&eacute;pergne is a little <i>treasury</i> of sweetmeats, fruits, and
flowers." <i>Brewer.</i>] <def>A centerpiece for table decoration,
usually consisting of several dishes or receptacles of different
sizes grouped together in an ornamental design.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`per`lan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;perlan</i>, fr. G. <i>spierling</i>. See <u>Sparling</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European smelt (<i>Osmerus
eperlanus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep*ex`e*ge"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; detailed narrative, fr. &?; to recount in detail;
<grk>'epi`</grk> + &?; to lead, point out. See <u>Exegesis</u>.]
<def>A full or additional explanation; exegesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep*ex`e*get"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to epexegesis; explanatory; exegetical.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E"phah</hw> (?), or <hw>E"pha</hw>}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Heb. '&emacr;ph&amacr;h.] <def>A Hebrew dry measure, supposed to be
equal to two pecks and five quarts. ten ephahs make one
homer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*phem"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a day fly, fr. &?; daily, lasting but a day; &?; over + &?; day.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A fever of one day's
continuance only.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of insects
including the day flies, or ephemeral flies. See <i>Ephemeral
fly</i>, under <u>Ephemeral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*phem"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Beginning and ending in a day; existing only, or no longer than,
a day; diurnal; as, an <i>ephemeral</i> flower.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Short-lived; existing or continuing for a
short time only.</def> "<i>Ephemeral</i> popularity."  <i>V.
Knox.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sentences not of <i>ephemeral</i>, but of eternal,
efficacy.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Stephen.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ephemeral fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of a
group of neuropterous insects, belonging to the genus <i>Ephemera</i>
and many allied genera, which live in the adult or winged state only
for a short time. The larv&aelig; are aquatic; -- called also <i>day
fly</i> and <i>May fly</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*phem"er*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything lasting
but a day, or a brief time; an ephemeral plant, insect,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*phem"er*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the ephemeral flies.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*phem"e*ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ephemeral.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*phem"e*ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ephemerides</b></plw> (#). [L., a diary, Gr. &?;, also, a
calendar, fr. &?;. See <u>Ephemera</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
diary; a journal.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
publication giving the computed places of the heavenly bodies for
each day of the year, with other numerical data, for the use of the
astronomer and navigator; an astronomical almanac; as, the "American
<i>Ephemeris</i> and Nautical Almanac."</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any tabular statement of the assigned places of a heavenly body,
as a planet or comet, on several successive days.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Literature)</i> <def>A collective name for
reviews, magazines, and all kinds of periodical literature.</def>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*phem"er*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who studies the daily motions and
positions of the planets.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps an ephemeris; a
journalist.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*phem"e*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ephemera</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Ephemera</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the ephemeral flies.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*phem"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ephemeral.</def> [R.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*phe"sian</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Ephesius</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;ph&eacute;sien</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Ephesus, an ancient city of Ionia, in Asia
Minor.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*phe"sian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native of Ephesus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A jolly companion; a roisterer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Eph`i*al"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, lit., one who leaps upon.] <def>The nightmare.</def>  <i>Brande
& C.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*phip"pi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Saddle-
shaped; occupying an ephippium.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>||E*phip"pi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., saddle
cloth, fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>'epi`</grk> on + <grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A depression in the sphenoid
bone; the pituitary fossa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A saddle-shaped cavity
to contain the winter eggs, situated on the back of
Cladocera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eph"od</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
'&emacr;ph&omacr;d, fr. '<i>&amacr;phad</i> to put on.] <i>(Jew.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A part of the sacerdotal habit among Jews, being a
covering for the back and breast, held together on the shoulders by
two clasps or brooches of onyx stones set in gold, and fastened by a
girdle of the same stuff as the ephod. The ephod for the priests was
of plain linen; that for the high priest was richly embroidered in
colors. The breastplate of the high priest was worn upon the ephod in
front.</def>  <i>Exodus xxviii. 6-12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eph"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ephors</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Ephori</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>ephorus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to oversee; &?;  + &?; to see: cf.
F. <i>&eacute;phore</i>.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A magistrate; one
of a body of five magistrates chosen by the people of ancient Sparta.
They exercised control even over the king.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eph"or*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to an
ephor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eph"or*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
an ephor, or the body of ephors.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"phra*im</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The proper name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hunter's name for the grizzly
bear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eph"y*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
an old name of Corinth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A stage in the
development of discophorous medus&aelig;, when they first begin to
swim about after being detached from the strobila. See
<u>Strobila</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep"i-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>'epi`</grk> on, upon, to; akin to
Skr. <i>api</i> besides, and prob. to L. <i>ob</i> to, before, on
account of, and perh. to E. <i>of</i>, <i>off</i>.] <def>A prefix,
meaning <i>upon</i>, <i>beside</i>, <i>among</i>, <i>on the
outside</i>, <i>above</i>, <i>over</i>. It becomes <i>ep-</i>before a
vowel, as in <i>epoch</i>, and <i>eph-</i>before a Greek aspirate, as
in <i>ephemeral</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-</i> +
<i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The outer layer of the
blastoderm; the ectoderm. See <u>Blastoderm</u>,
<u>Delamination</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*blas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or relating to, or consisting of, the epiblast.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*ble"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a cover; &?; over + &?; to throw.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The epidermal
cells of rootlets, specially adapted to absorb liquids.</def>
<i>Goodale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*bol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to throw
upon, add to; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; to throw.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Growing or covering over; -- said of a kind of invagination. See
under <u>Invagination</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pib"o*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?; a
throwing upon.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Epibolic invagination. See under
<u>Invagination</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*bran"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + <i>branchial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
segment between the ceratobranchial and pharyngobranchial in a
branchial arch.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An epibranchial
cartilage or bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>epicus</i>, Gr.
&?;, from &?; a word, speech, tale, song; akin to L. <i>vox</i>
voice: cf. F. <i>&eacute;pique</i>. See <u>Voice</u>.] <def>Narrated
in a grand style; pertaining to or designating a kind of narrative
poem, usually called an heroic poem, in which real or fictitious
events, usually the achievements of some hero, are narrated in an
elevated style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>epic</i> poem treats of one great, complex
action, in a grand style and with fullness of detail.</blockquote>
<i>T. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An epic or heroic poem.
See <u>Epic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"ic*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Epic.</def> --
<wf>Ep"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Poems which have an <i>epical</i>
character.</blockquote> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His [Wordsworth's] longer poems (miscalled
<i>epical</i>).</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*car"di*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or relating to the epicardium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*car"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + <grk>kardi`a</grk> heart.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>That part of the pericardium which forms the outer surface of
the heart; the cardiac pericardium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*car"i*dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, a shrimp.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An isopod
crustacean, parasitic on shrimps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*carp</hw> (?), [Pref. <i>epi-</i> + Gr. &?; fruit.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The external or outermost layer of a fructified or
ripened ovary. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Endocarp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*cede</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>epicedion</i>,
Gr. &?; dirge, elegy, fr. &?; funereal; &?;  + &?; care, sorrow: cf.
F. <i>&eacute;pic&egrave;de</i>.] <def>A funeral song or discourse;
an elegy.</def> [R.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*ce"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Elegiac;
funereal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*ce"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Epicedial.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
epicede.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*ce"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>An
epicede.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>epicoenus</i>, Gr. &?;; fr. <grk>'epi`</grk> + &?; common; cf. F.
<i>&eacute;pic&egrave;ne</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Common to both
sexes; -- a term applied, in grammar, to such nouns as have but one
form of gender, either the masculine or feminine, to indicate animals
of both sexes; as <grk>boy^s</grk>, <i>bos</i>, for the ox and cow;
sometimes applied to eunuchs and hermaphrodites.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Sexless; neither one thing nor the
other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The literary prigs <i>epicene</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He represented an <i>epicene</i> species, neither
churchman nor layman.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*cen"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + <i>centrum</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Arising from the centrum
of a vertebra.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*ce*ras"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
tempering the humors; <grk>'epi`</grk> + &?; to mix: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;pic&eacute;rastique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Lenient;
assuaging.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*chi*re"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Epichiremata</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, from &?; to
attempt to prove.] <i>(Rhet. &amp; Logic)</i> <def>A syllogism in which
the proof of the major or minor premise, or both, is introduced with
the premises themselves, and the conclusion is derived in the
ordinary manner.</def> [Written also <i>epicheirema</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*chor"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + <i>chordal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Upon or above the
notochord; -- applied esp. to a vertebral column which develops upon
the dorsal side of the notochord, as distinguished from a
<i>perichordal</i> column, which develops around it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*cho"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
over + &?; country.] <def>In or of the country.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Epichorial</i> superstitions from every district of
Europe.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*clei"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; a little key.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
projection, formed by a separate ossification, at the scapular end of
the clavicle of many birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*cli"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-</i>
+ Gr. &?; a couch.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Situated on the receptacle or
disk of a flower.</def></p>

<p><! p. 501 !></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*c/'d2le</hw> (&ebreve;p"&ibreve;*s&emacr;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-</i> + Gr. <grk>koi^lon</grk> a
hollow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A cavity formed by the invagination of
the outer wall of the body, as the atrium of an amphioxus and
possibly the body cavity of vertebrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*c&oelig;ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Epicene.</def> [R.]  <i>Hadley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*col"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-</i>
+ Gr. &?; colon.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated upon or over the
colon; -- applied to the region of the abdomen adjacent to the
colon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*con"dy*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, an epicondyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*con"dyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + <i>condyle</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A projection on the inner
side of the distal end of the humerus; the internal
condyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*cor"a*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + <i>coracoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A ventral cartilaginous
or bony element of the coracoid in the shoulder girdle of some
vertebrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*cra"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the epicranium; as, <i>epicranial</i>
muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*cra"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Epi-</u>, and <u>Cranium</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The upper and superficial part of the head, including the scalp,
muscles, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dorsal wall of the
head of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`ic*te"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
Epictetus.] <def>Pertaining to Epictetus, the Roman Stoic
philosopher, whose conception of life was to be passionless under
whatever circumstances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*cure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Epicurus</i>,
Gr. &?;, a famous Greek philosopher, who has been regarded, but
erroneously, as teaching a doctrine of refined voluptuousness.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A follower of Epicurus; an Epicurean.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One devoted to dainty or luxurious sensual
enjoyments, esp. to the luxuries of the table.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Voluptuary; sensualist.</p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*cu*re"an</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Epicureus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. <i>&eacute;picurien</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to Epicurus, or following his
philosophy.</def> "The sect <i>Epicurean</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to luxury; adapted to luxurious
tastes; luxurious; pertaining to good eating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Courses of the most refined and <i>epicurean</i>
dishes.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Epicurean philosophy</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Atomic
philosophy</i>, under <u>Atomic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*cu*re"an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A follower or Epicurus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One given to epicurean
indulgence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*cu*re"an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Attachment to the doctrines of Epicurus; the principles or
belief of Epicurus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*cure`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Luxuriously.</def>  <i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*cu*re"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Epicurean.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*cu*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;picurisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The doctrines of
Epicurus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Epicurean habits of living;
luxury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*cu*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To profess or tend towards the doctrines of
Epicurus.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feed or indulge like an epicure.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*cy`cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>epicyclus</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; circle. See
<u>Cycle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ptolemaic Astron.)</i> <def>A
circle, whose center moves round in the circumference of a greater
circle; or a small circle, whose center, being fixed in the deferent
of a planet, is carried along with the deferent, and yet, by its own
peculiar motion, carries the body of the planet fastened to it round
its proper center.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The schoolmen were like astronomers which did feign
eccentrics, and <i>epicycles</i>, and such engines of
orbs.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A circle which rolls on the
circumference of another circle, either externally or
internally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*cyc"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, resembling, or having the motion of, an epicycle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Epicyclic train</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a train of
mechanism in which epicyclic motion is involved; esp., a train of
spur wheels, bevel wheels, or belt pulleys, in which an arm, carrying
one or more of the wheels, sweeps around a center lying in an axis
common to the other wheels.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*cy"cloid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Epicycle</i>
+ <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;picyclo&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>A curve traced by a point in the circumference of a circle which
rolls on the convex side of a fixed circle.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Any point rigidly connected with the rolling circle, but
not in its circumference, traces a curve called an
<i>epitrochoid</i>. The curve traced by a point in the circumference
of the rolling circle when it rolls on the concave side of a fixed
circle is called a <i>hypocycloid</i>; the curve traced by a point
rigidly connected with the rolling circle in this case, but not its
circumference, is called a <i>hypotrochoid</i>. All the curves
mentioned above belong to the class class called <i>roulettes</i> or
<i>trochoids</i>. See <u>Trochoid</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*cy*cloid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to the epicycloid, or having its
properties.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Epicycloidal wheel</b></col>, <cd>a device for producing
straight-line motion from circular motion, on the principle that a
pin fastened in the periphery of a gear wheel will describe a
straight line when the wheel rolls around inside a fixed internal
gear of twice its diameter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*deic"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to show forth, display; <grk>'epi`</grk> + &?; to show.  Cf.
<u>Epidictic</u>.] <def>Serving to show forth, explain, or exhibit; -
- applied by the Greeks to a kind of oratory, which, by full
amplification, seeks to persuade.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep`i*dem"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ep`i*dem"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>epidemus</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, among the
people, epidemic; &?; in + &?; people: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;pid&eacute;mique</i>.  Cf. <u>Demagogue</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Common to, or affecting at the
same time, a large number in a community; -- applied to a disease
which, spreading widely, attacks many persons at the same time; as,
an <i>epidemic</i> disease; an <i>epidemic</i> catarrh, fever, etc.
See <u>Endemic</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spreading widely, or generally prevailing;
affecting great numbers, as an epidemic does; as, <i>epidemic</i>
rage; an <i>epidemic</i> evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was the <i>epidemical</i> sin of the
nation.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*dem"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Epidemy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An epidemic
disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which takes possession of the
minds of people as an epidemic does of their bodies; as, an
<i>epidemic</i> of terror.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*dem"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
epidemic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*de`mi*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Epidemy</i> + <i>-graphy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A treatise
upon, or history of, epidemic diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*de`mi*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Connected with, or pertaining to, epidemiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*de`mi*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
person skilled in epidemiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*de`mi*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Epidemy</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>That branch of
science which treats of epidemics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*dem`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>&eacute;pid&eacute;mie</i>. See <u>Epidemic</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An epidemic disease.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;piderme</i>. See <u>Epidermis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The epidermis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*der"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the epidermis; epidermic; cuticular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*der*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Epidermal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*der"ma*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + <grk>de`rma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, skin +
<i>-oid</i>.  Cf. <u>Epidermoid</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Epidermoid.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*der"me*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Epidermal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*der"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;pidermique</i>.] <def>Epidermal; connected with the skin
or the bark.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Epidermic administration of medicine</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the application of medicine to the skin by
friction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*der"mic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Epidermal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*der"mi*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Epidermal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*der"mis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;;
&?; over + &?; skin, fr. &?; to skin. See <u>Tear</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The outer,
nonsensitive layer of the skin; cuticle; scarfskin. See
<u>Dermis</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The outermost layer of the
cells, which covers both surfaces of leaves, and also the surface of
stems, when they are first formed. As stems grow old this layer is
lost, and never replaced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*der"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;pidermo&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Like epidermis;
pertaining to the epidermis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*der"mose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Epidermis</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Keratin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep`i*dic"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Ep`i*dic"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>epidictius</i>. See <u>Epideictic</u>.]
<def>Serving to explain; demonstrative.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*did"y*mis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; testicle.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An
oblong vermiform mass on the dorsal side of the testicle, composed of
numerous convolutions of the excretory duct of that organ.</def> --
<wf>Ep`i*did"y*mal</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*did`y*mi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Epididymis</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation
of the epididymis, one of the common results of gonorrhea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*dote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to give
besides; &?; over + &?; to give: cf. F. <i>&eacute;pidote</i>. So
named from the <i>enlargement</i> of the base of the primary, in some
of the secondary forms.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral, commonly of a
yellowish green (pistachio) color, occurring granular, massive,
columnar, and in monoclinic crystals. It is a silicate of alumina,
lime, and oxide of iron, or manganese.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Epidote group includes ordinary epidote, zoisite or
<i>lime epidote</i>, piedmontite or <i>manganese epidote</i>,
allanite or <i>cerium epidote</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*dot"ic</hw> (?),, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Related to,
resembling, or containing epidote; as, an <i>epidotic</i>
granite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*g&aelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; earth.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American
genus of plants, containing but a single species (<i>E. repens</i>),
the trailing arbutus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*g&aelig;"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Epig&aelig;a</u>, and cf. <u>Epigee</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Growing on, or close to, the ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*gas"tri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Epigastric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; over the
belly; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; belly: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;pigastrique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the epigastrium, or to the epigastric
region.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Over the stomach; --
applied to two of the areas of the carapace of crabs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Epigastric region</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The whole upper part of the abdomen.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An arbitrary division of the abdomen above
the umbilical and between the two hypochondriac regions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*gas"tri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The upper part of the abdomen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*ge"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Epig&aelig;ous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*gee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>epigeum</i>,
fr. Gr. &?; upon the earth. See <u>Epig&aelig;a</u>.] <def>See
<u>Perigee</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-</i> +
Gr. &?; to be born, grow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i>
<def>Foreign; unnatural; unusual; -- said of forms of crystals not
natural to the substances in which they are found.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Formed originating on the
surface of the earth; -- opposed to <i>hypogene</i>; as,
<i>epigene</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The theory of generation
which holds that the germ is created entirely new, not merely
expanded, by the procreative power of the parents. It is opposed to
the theory of <i>evolution</i>, also to <i>syngenesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*gen"e*sist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>One who believes in, or advocates the theory of,
epigenesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the epigenesis; produced according to the theory of
epigenesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*ge"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Epig&aelig;ous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep*i*ge"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Epigee</u>.] <def>See <u>Perigee</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*glot"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or connected with, the epiglottis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*glot*tid"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Epiglottic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*glot"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon +  &?;, &?;, tongue. See <u>Glottis</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A cartilaginous lidlike appendage which closes
the glottis while food or drink is passing while food or drink is
passing through the pharynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pig"na*thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Epi-</i> +
Gr. <grk>gna`qos</grk> the jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Hook-
billed; having the upper mandible longer than the lower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>epigramma</i>,
fr. Gr. &?; inscription, epigram, fr. &?; to write upon,
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; to write: cf. F. <i>&eacute;pigramme</i>.
See <u>Graphic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short poem treating
concisely and pointedly of a single thought or event. The modern
epigram is so contrived as to surprise the reader with a witticism or
ingenious turn of thought, and is often satirical in
character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dost thou think I care for a satire or an
<i>epigram</i>?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Epigrams</i> were originally inscription on tombs,
statues, temples, triumphal arches, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An effusion of wit; a bright thought
tersely and sharply expressed, whether in verse or prose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The style of the epigram.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Antithesis, <i>i. e</i>., bilateral stroke, is the
soul of <i>epigram</i> in its later and technical
signification.</blockquote> <i>B. Cracroft.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep`i*gram*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ep`i*gram*mat"ic*al</hw> (?),
}[L. <i>epigrammaticus</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;pigrammatique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Writing epigrams; dealing in epigrams; as, an
<i>epigrammatical</i> poet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suitable to epigrams; belonging to
epigrams; like an epigram; pointed; piquant; as, <i>epigrammatic</i>
style, wit, or sallies of fancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*gram*mat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
the way of epigram; in an epigrammatic style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*gram"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>epigrammatista</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;pigrammatiste</i>.] <def>One
who composes epigrams, or makes use of them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brisk <i>epigrammatist</i> showing off his own
cleverness.</blockquote> <i>Holmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*gram"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Epigrammatized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Epigrammatizing</u> (?).] <def>To represent
by epigrams; to express by epigrams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*gram"ma*ti`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who writes in an affectedly pointed style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Epigrammatizers</i> of our English prose
style.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*gram`mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
epigrammatist.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>&eacute;pigraphe</i>. See <u>Epigram</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any inscription set upon a building;
especially, one which has to do with the building itself, its
founding or dedication.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Literature)</i> <def>A citation from some
author, or a sentence framed for the purpose, placed at the beginning
of a work or of its separate divisions; a motto.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep`i*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ep`i*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to epigraphs or to
epigraphy; as, an <i>epigraphic</i> style; <i>epigraphical</i> works
or studies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*graph"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
or study of epigraphs.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pig"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A student
of, or one versed in, epigraphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pig"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
of inscriptions; the art of engraving inscriptions or of deciphering
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pig"y*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-</i>
+ Gr. &?; woman, female: cf. F. <i>&eacute;pigyne</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Adnate to the surface of the ovary, so as to be apparently
inserted upon the top of it; -- said of stamens, petals, sepals, and
also of the disk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*hy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-</i> +
the Greek letter &?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A segment next above the
ceratohyal in the hyoidean arch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*lep`sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>epilepsia</i>, Gr. &?; a seizure, the "falling sickness," fr. &?;
to take besides, seize, attack; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon, besides + &?;
to take: cf. F. <i>&eacute;pilepsie</i>.  Cf. <u>Catalepsy</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The "falling sickness," so called because the
patient falls suddenly to the ground; a disease characterized by
paroxysms (or fits) occurring at interval and attended by sudden loss
of consciousness, and convulsive motions of the muscles.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*lep"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>epilepticus</i>, Gr. &?; : cf. F. <i>&eacute;pileptique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to, affected with, or of the nature of,
epilepsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*lep"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One affected with epilepsy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A medicine for the cure of
epilepsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*lep"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Epileptic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*lep"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resembling epilepsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*lep*tog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'epi`lhptos</grk> epileptic + <i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Producing epilepsy or epileptoid convulsions; -- applied to
areas of the body or of the nervous system, stimulation of which
produces convulsions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*lep"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'epi`lhptos</grk> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Resembling
epilepsy; as, <i>epileptoid</i> convulsions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*lo*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>epilogatio</i>.] <def>A summing up in a brief account.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep`i*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ep`i*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'epilogiko`s</grk>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to an epilogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pil"o*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to reckon over, to deliver an epilogue; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?;
to count, reckon. See <u>Epilogue</u>.] <def>Enumeration;
computation.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*lo*gis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;
calculating. See <u>Epilogism</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
epilogue; of the nature of an epilogue.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 502 !></p>

<p><hw>E*pil"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Epilogism</u>.] <def>To speak an epilogue to; to utter as an
epilogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*logue</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;pilogue</i>, L. <i>epilogus</i>, fr. Gr. &?; conclusion,
fr. &?; to say in addition; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon, besides + &?; to
say. See <u>Legend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Drama)</i> <def>A
speech or short poem addressed to the spectators and recited by one
of the actors, after the conclusion of the play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A good play no <i>epilogue</i>, yet . . . good plays
prove the better by the help of good <i>epilogues</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The closing part of a
discourse, in which the principal matters are recapitulated; a
conclusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*lo*guize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp;  t.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Epilogize</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*pim"a*chus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; equipped for battle; &?; for + &?; battle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of highly ornate and brilliantly colored birds of
Australia, allied to the birds of Paradise.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*pim"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Epimeron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pim"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the epimera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Epi-</i> + <i>-
mere</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the segments of the transverse
axis, or the so called homonymous parts; as, for example, one of the
several segments of the extremities in vertebrates, or one of the
similar segments in plants, such as the segments of a segmented
leaf.</def>  <i>Syd. Soc. Lex.</i></p>

<p><hw>||E*pim"e*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Epimera</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'epi`</grk> upon +
&?; a part.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In
crustaceans: The part of the side of a somite external to the basal
joint of each appendage.</def> See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Crustacea</u>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In insects: The lateral
piece behind the episternum.</def> [Written also
<i>epimerum</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*nas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-</i>
+ Gr. &?; pressed close.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A term applied to
that phase of vegetable growth in which an organ grows more rapidly
on its upper than on its under surface. See
<u>Hyponastic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*neu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-</i>
+ <i>neural</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Arising from the neurapophysis
of a vertebra.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*neu"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; a nerve.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
connective tissue framework and sheath of a nerve which bind together
the nerve bundles, each of which has its own special sheath, or
perineurium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`in*glette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An iron needle for piercing the cartridge of a
cannon before priming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*ni"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Epinicion</u>.] <def>Relating to victory.</def> "An
<i>epinicial</i> song."  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*ni"cion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; belonging to victory; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon, to + &?;
victory: cf. L. <i>epinicium</i>.] <def>A song of triumph.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*nik"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Epinicial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*or"nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;piornis</i>. See <u>&AElig;pyornis</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the gigantic ostrichlike birds of the
genus <i>&AElig;piornis</i>, only recently extinct. Its remains have
been found in Madagascar.</def> [Written also
<i>&AElig;pyornis</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*o"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-</i> +
Gr. &?;, gen. &?;, ear.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The upper and outer
element of periotic bone, -- in man forming a part of the temporal
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*pe*dom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'epi`pedos</grk>  on the ground, level (<grk>'epi`</grk> +
<grk>pe`don</grk> ground) + <i>-metry</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The
mensuration of figures standing on the same base.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*pe*riph"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>epi-</i> + <i>peripheral</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Connected
with, or having its origin upon, the external surface of the body; --
especially applied to the feelings which originate at the extremities
of nerves distributed on the outer surface, as the sensation produced
by touching an object with the finger; -- opposed to
<i>entoperipheral</i>.</def>  <i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + <i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Borne on the petals or
corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*piph"a*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;piphanie</i>, L. <i>epiphania</i>, Gr.
<grk>'epifa`nia</grk> (sc. &?;), for <grk>'epifa`neia</grk>
appearance, fr. <grk>'epifai`nein</grk> to show forth;
<grk>'epi`</grk> + <grk>fai`nein</grk> to show. See <u>Fancy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An appearance, or a becoming
manifest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom but just before they beheld transfigured and in a
glorious <i>epiphany</i> upon the mount.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An epic poet, if ever such a difficult birth should
make its <i>epiphany</i> in Paris.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A church festival
celebrated on the 6th of January, the twelfth day after Christmas, in
commemoration of the visit of the Magi of the East to Bethlehem, to
see and worship the child Jesus; or, as others maintain, to
commemorate the appearance of the star to the Magi, symbolizing the
manifestation of Christ to the Gentles; Twelfthtide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*phar`yn*ge"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>epi-</i> + <i>pharyngeal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
the segments above the epibranchial in the branchial arches of
fishes.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An epipharyngeal bone or
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*phar"ynx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Epi-</i> +
<i>pharynx</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A structure which overlaps
the mouth of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*pho*ne"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>'epifw`nhma</grk>, fr. <grk>'epifwnei^n</grk> to mention;
<grk>'epi`</grk> + <grk>fwnei^n</grk> to speak.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<def>An exclamatory sentence, or striking reflection, which sums up
or concludes a discourse.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*piph"o*neme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Epiphonema.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||E*piph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>'epifora`</grk>, fr. <grk>'epife`rein</grk> to bring to or upon;
<grk>'epi`</grk> + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bring.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The watery eye; a disease in which the tears
accumulate in the eye, and trickle over the cheek.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The emphatic repetition of
a word or phrase, at the end of several sentences or
stanzas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*phragm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.  &?; a
covering, lid, fr. &?; to block up.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
membranaceous or calcareous septum with which some mollusks close the
aperture of the shell during the time of hibernation, or
&aelig;stivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*phyl`lo*sper"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'epi`</grk> + <grk>fy`llon</grk> leaf + <grk>spe`rma</grk>
seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing fruit on the back of the leaves, as
ferns.</def>  <i>Harris (1710).</i></p>

<p><hw>E*piph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'epi`</grk> + <grk>fy`llon</grk> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Growing upon, or inserted into, the leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*phyl"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of cactaceous plants having flattened,
jointed stems, and petals united in a tube. The flowers are very
showy, and several species are in cultivation.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep`i*phys"e*al</hw> (?), <hw>Ep`i*phys"i*al</hw> (?), }
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or having the nature of, an
epiphysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*piph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Epiphyses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'epi`fysis</grk>,
fr. <grk>'epify`ein</grk> to grow upon; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon +
<grk>fy`ein</grk> to grow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The end, or other superficial part, of a bone, which ossifies
separately from the central portion, or <i>diaphysis</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cerebral epiphysis, or pineal gland. See
<i>Pineal gland</i>, under <u>Pineal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*piph"y*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to an epiphyte.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + <grk>fyto`n</grk> plant, &?; to grow: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;piphyte</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An air
plant which grows on other plants, but does not derive its
nourishment from them. See <u>Air plant</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A vegetable parasite growing
on the surface of the body.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep`i*phyt"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ep`i*phyt"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or having the
nature of, an epiphyte.</def> -- <wf>Ep`i*phyt"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*plas"tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Epiplastra</b></plw> (#). [Pref. <i>epi-</i> +
<i>plastron</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the first pair of
lateral plates in the plastron of turtles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*pleu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + <i>pleural</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Arising from the
pleurapophysis of a vertebra.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*plex"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., reproof,
fr. Gr. &?; , fr. &?; to strike at, reprove; <grk>'epi`</grk> + &?;
to strike.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by which a person seeks to
convince and move by an elegant kind of upbraiding.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*pip"lo*ce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., connection,
from Gr. &?; a plaiting together, fr. &?; to plait or braid in;
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; to twist, plait.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
figure by which one striking circumstance is added, in due gradation,
to another; climax; <i>e. g.</i>, "He not only spared his enemies,
but continued them in employment; not only continued, but advanced
them."</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*plo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
the epiplo&ouml;n.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*pip"lo*&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Epiploa</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>See <u>Omentum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*po"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the epipodialia
or the parts of the limbs to which they belong.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
epipodium of Mollusca.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*po`di*a"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Epipodialia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'epi`</grk>
upon + &?;, dim. of &?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the
bones of either the forearm or shank, the <i>epipodialia</i> being
the radius, ulna, tibia, and fibula.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pip"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Epipodium</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The outer branch of the
legs in certain Crustacea. See <u>Maxilliped</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Epipodia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'epi`</grk> upon +
&?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the lateral lobes of
the foot in certain gastropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*pol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>Producing, or relating to, epipolism or fluorescence.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*pip"o*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
surface; <grk>'epi`</grk> + <grk>pe`lein</grk> to be.] <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>See <u>Fluorescence</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pip"o*lized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Changed to
the epipolic condition, or that in which the phenomenon of
fluorescence is presented; produced by fluorescence; as,
<i>epipolized</i> light.</def> [R.]  <i>Stokes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`ip*ter"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-</i>
+ Gr. &?; wing. So called because above the wing of the sphenoid.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a small Wormian bone sometimes
present in the human skull between the parietal and the great wing of
the sphenoid.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The epipteric
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`ip*ter"y*goid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + <i>pterygoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated upon or above
the pterygoid bone.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
epipterygoid bone or cartilage; the columella in the skulls of many
lizards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*pu"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
the epipubis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*pu"bis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Epipubes</b></plw> (#). [NL., <i>epi-</i> + <i>pubis</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A cartilage or bone in front of the pubis in some
amphibians and other animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"co*pa*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Episcopate</u>.] <def>Government of the church by bishops; church
government by three distinct orders of ministers -- bishops, priests,
and deacons -- of whom the bishops have an authority superior and of
a different kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"co*pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>episcopalis</i>, fr. <i>episcopus</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;piscopal</i>. See <u>Bishop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Governed by bishops; as, an <i>episcopal</i> church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to, or vested in, bishops; as,
<i>episcopal</i> jurisdiction or authority; the <i>episcopal</i>
system.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis`co*pa"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to bishops, or government by bishops; episcopal;
specifically, of or relating to the Protestant Episcopal
Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis`co*pa"li*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
belongs to an episcopal church, or adheres to the episcopal form of
church government and discipline; a churchman; specifically, in the
United States, a member of the Protestant Episcopal Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis`co*pa"li*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine and usages of Episcopalians; episcopacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"co*pal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
episcopal authority; in an episcopal manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"co*pant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
bishop.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pis`co*pa"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Episcopal.</def> [R.]  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"co*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>episcopatus</i>, fr. <i>episcopus</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;piscopat</i>. See <u>Bishop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A bishopric; the office and dignity of a bishop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of bishops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The time of a bishop's rule.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"co*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Episcopated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Episcopating</u>.] <def>To act as a bishop; to fill
the office of a prelate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Feeding the flock <i>episcopating</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"co*pi*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>episcopus</i> bishop + <i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>The killing
of a bishop.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"co*pize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a
bishop of by consecration.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"co*pize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform
the duties of a bishop.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;.
See <u>Bishop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Survey;
superintendence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Episcopacy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*sep"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + <i>sepal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing on the sepals or
adnate to them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*skel"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + <i>skeleletal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Above or outside of
the endoskeleton; epaxial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*so"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Episodic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*sode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a coming in
besides, &?; episode; &?; into, besides + &?; a coming in, &?; into +
&?; way, cf. Skr. <i>sad</i> to go: cf. F. <i>&eacute;pisode</i>.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A separate incident, story, or action, introduced
for the purpose of giving a greater variety to the events related; an
incidental narrative, or digression, separable from the main subject,
but naturally arising from it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*so"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to an episode; by way of episode; episodic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep`i*so"dic</hw> (?), <hw>Ep`i*so"dic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;pisodique</i>. See
<u>Episode</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to an episode;
adventitious.</def> -- <wf>Ep`i*so"dic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a figure as Jacob Brattle, purely
<i>episodical</i> though it be, is an excellent English
portrait.</blockquote> <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*spa"di*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; to draw, rend.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
deformity in which the urethra opens upon the top of the penis,
instead of at its extremity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*spas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to draw to, attract; &?; to + &?; to draw: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;pispastique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Attracting the humors
to the skin; exciting action in the skin; blistering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*spas"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
external application to the skin, which produces a puriform or serous
discharge by exciting inflammation; a vesicatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-</i> +
Gr. &?; seed: cf. F. <i>&eacute;pisperme</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
skin or coat of a seed, especially the outer coat. See
<u>Testa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*sper"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining, or belonging, to the episperm, or covering of a
seed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-</i> +
<i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The thickish outer coat of certain
spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*stax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; to drop.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Bleeding at
the nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis`te*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
knowledge + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The theory or science of the method
or grounds of knowledge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*ster"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the episternum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*ster"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Episterna</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Epi-</u>, and
<u>Sternum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A median bone connected with the sternum, in
many vertebrates; the interclavicle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Same as <u>Epiplastron</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the lateral
pieces next to the sternum in the thorax of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*stil"bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + <i>stilbite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A crystallized,
transparent mineral of the Zeolite family. It is a hydrous silicate
of alumina and lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>epistle</i>,
<i>epistel</i>, AS. <i>epistol</i>, <i>pistol</i>, L.
<i>epistola</i>, fr. Gr. &?; anything sent by a messenger, message,
letter, fr. &?; to send to, tell by letter or message;
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon, to + &?; to dispatch, send; cf. OF.
<i>epistle</i>, <i>epistre</i>, F. <i>&eacute;p&icirc;tre</i>. See
<u>Stall</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A writing directed or sent to
a person or persons; a written communication; a letter; -- applied
usually to formal, didactic, or elegant letters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A madman's <i>epistles</i> are no
gospels.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One of the letters in the
New Testament which were addressed to their Christian brethren by
Apostles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Epistle side</b></col>, <cd>the right side of an altar or
church to a person looking from the nave toward the chancel.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>One sees the pulpit on the <i>epistle
side</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To write; to
communicate in a letter or by writing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A writer of epistles, or of an epistle of the New
Testament.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The ecclesiastic who reads
the epistle at the communion service.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"to*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Epistolary.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"to*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>epistolaris</i>, fr. <i>epistola</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;pistolaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to
epistles or letters; suitable to letters and correspondence; as, an
<i>epistolary</i> style.</def></p>

<p><! p. 503 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contained in letters; carried on by
letters.</def> "<i>Epistolary</i> correspondence."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`is*to"le*an</hw>
(&ebreve;p`&ibreve;s*t&omacr;"l&ebreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who writes epistles; a
correspondent.</def>  <i>Mary Cowden Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"to*ler</hw> (&esl;*p&ibreve;s"t&osl;*l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One of the clergy who reads
the epistle at the communion service; an epistler.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"to*let</hw> (-l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
little epistle.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep`is*tol"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ep`is*tol"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>epistolicus</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<def>Pertaining to letters or epistles; in the form or style of
letters; epistolary.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"to*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To write
epistles.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis"to*li`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer
of epistles.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pis`to*lo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; :
cf. F. <i>&eacute;pistolographique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the
writing of letters; used in writing letters; epistolary.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Epistolographic character</b></col> or <col><b>mode of
writing</b></col>, <cd>the same as <i>Demotic character</i>. See
under <u>Demotic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*pis`to*log"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
epistle + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;pistolographie</i>.]
<def>The art or practice of writing epistles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||E*pis"to*ma</hw> (?), <hw>Ep"i*stome</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>epistoma</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>'epi`</grk>
upon + &?;, &?;, mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The region between the antenn&aelig; and the mouth, in
Crustacea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A liplike organ that covers
the mouth, in most Bryozoa. See <i>Illust.</i>, under
<u>Entoprocta</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*pis"tro*phe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
&?; a turning toward, return, fr. &?; to turn toward;
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon, to + &?; to turn.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
figure in which successive clauses end with the same word or
affirmation; <i>e. g.</i>, "Are they Hebrews? <i>so am I</i>. Are
they Israelites? <i>so am I</i>."</def>  <i>2 Cor. xi. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>epistylium</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; column: cf.
F. <i>&eacute;pistyle</i>.] <i>(Anc. Arch.)</i> <def>A massive piece
of stone or wood laid immediately on the abacus of the capital of a
column or pillar; -- now called <i>architrave</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*syl"lo*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + <i>syllogism</i>.] <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A syllogism which
assumes as one of its premises a proposition which was the conclusion
of a preceding syllogism, called, in relation to this, the
prosyllogism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*taph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;pitaphe</i>, L. <i>epitaphium</i> a funeral oration, fr.
Gr. &?;, orig. an adj., over or at a tomb; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon +
&?; tomb.  Cf. <u>Cenotaph</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
inscription on, or at, a tomb, or a grave, in memory or commendation
of the one buried there; a sepulchral inscription.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hang her an <i>epitaph</i> upon her tomb.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brief writing formed as if to be
inscribed on a monument, as that concerning Alexander: "Sufficit huic
tumulus, cui non sufficeret orbis."</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*taph</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To commemorate by
an epitaph.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let me be <i>epitaphed</i> the inventor of English
hexameters.</blockquote> <i>G. Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*taph</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To write or speak
after the manner of an epitaph.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The common in their speeches <i>epitaph</i> upon him .
. . "He lived as a wolf and died as a dog."</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*taph`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
epitaphs.</def>  <i>Nash.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep`i*taph"i*al</hw> (?), <hw>Ep`i*taph"i*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to, or of the nature of, an
epitaph.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The noble Pericles in his <i>epitaphian</i>
speech.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Epitaphial</i> Latin verses are not to be taken too
literally.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*taph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
an epitaph; epitaphian.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
epitaph.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*taph`ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
epitapher.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*pit"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a stretching, fr. &?; to stretch upon or over; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon
+ &?; to stretch.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part which embraces
the main action of a play, poem, and the like, and leads on to the
catastrophe; -- opposed to <i>protasis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The period of violence in a
fever or disease; paroxysm.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*tha*lam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging
to, or designed for, an epithalamium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*tha*la"mi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Epithalamiums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Epithalamia</b></plw>
(#). [L., fr. Gr. &?; , orig. an adj., nuptial; <grk>'epi`</grk>
upon, at + &?;  bride chamber.] <def>A nuptial song, or poem in honor
of the bride and bridegroom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The kind of poem which was called <i>epithalamium</i>
. . . sung when the bride was led into her chamber.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*thal"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Epithalamies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Epithalamium.</def> [R.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?;  a case, box, fr. &?; to place.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A continuous and, usually, structureless
layer which covers more or less of the exterior of many
corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*the"li*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to epithelium; as, <i>epithelial</i> cells;
<i>epithelial</i> cancer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*the"li*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Epithelium</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Like
epithelium; as, <i>epithelioid</i> cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*the`li*o"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Epithelium</u>, and <u>-oma</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A malignant
growth containing epithelial cells; -- called also <i>epithelial
cancer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*the"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Epitheliums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Epithelia</b></plw>
(#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; nipple.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The superficial layer of cells lining the
alimentary canal and all its appendages, all glands and their ducts,
blood vessels and lymphatics, serous cavities, etc. It often includes
the epidermis (<i>i. e.</i>, keratin-producing epithelial cells), and
it is sometimes restricted to the alimentary canal, the glands and
their appendages, -- the term <i>endothelium</i> being applied to the
lining membrane of the blood vessels, lymphatics, and serous
cavities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*the"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Epithelioid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*them</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>epithema</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to lay or put on: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;pith&egrave;me</i>. See <u>Epithet</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Any external topical application to the body, except ointments
and plasters, as a poultice, lotion, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*the"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?;  a case, box, fr. &?; to place.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A horny excrescence upon the beak of
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*pith"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a putting on; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; to place.] <def>The
addition of a letter at the end of a word, without changing its
sense; as, <i>numb</i> for <i>num</i>, <i>whilst</i> for
<i>whiles</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*thet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>epitheton</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; added, fr. &?; to add; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon, to +
&?; to put, place: cf. F. <i>&eacute;pith&egrave;te</i>. See
<u>Do</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An adjective expressing some
quality, attribute, or relation, that is properly or specially
appropriate to a person or thing; as, a <i>just</i> man; a
<i>verdant</i> lawn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A prince [Henry III.] to whom the <i>epithet</i>
"worthless" seems best applicable.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Term; expression; phrase.</def> "Stuffed
with <i>epithets</i> of war."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Epithet</u>, <u>Title</u>.  The name
<i>epithet</i> was formerly extended to nouns which give a title or
describe character (as the "<i>epithet</i> of liar"), but is now
confined wholly to adjectives. Some rhetoricians, as Whately,
restrict it still further, considering the term <i>epithet</i> as
belonging only to a limited class of adjectives, viz., those which
add nothing to the sense of their noun, but simply hold forth some
quality necessarily implied therein; as, the <i>bright</i> sun, the
<i>lofty</i> heavens, etc.  But this restriction does not prevail in
general literature.  <i>Epithet</i> is sometimes confounded with
<i>application</i>, which is always a noun or its equivalent.</p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*thet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To describe by an
epithet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Never was a town better <i>epitheted</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep`i*thet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ep`i*thet"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; added.] <def>Pertaining to, or
abounding with, epithets.</def> "In <i>epithetic</i> measured prose."
<i>Lloyd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*thite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; impostor.]
<def>A lazy, worthless fellow; a vagrant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*thu*met"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Epithumetical.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*thu*met"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to long for, lust after; <grk>'epi`</grk> + <grk>qymo`s</grk>
soul, heart, desire.] <def>Pertaining to sexual desire;
sensual.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*tith"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; to place upon. See <u>Epithet</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The
uppermost member of the cornice of an entablature.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pit"o*ma`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <def>An
epitomist.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pit"o*me</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Epitomes</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?; a surface incision,
also, and abridgment, fr. &?; to cut into, cut short;
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;pitome</i>. See <u>Tome</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
work in which the contents of a former work are reduced within a
smaller space by curtailment and condensation; a brief summary; an
abridgement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[An] <i>epitome</i> of the contents of a very large
book.</blockquote> <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A compact or condensed representation of
anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>epitome</i> of English fashionable
life.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man so various that he seemed to be<BR>
Not one, but all mankind's <i>epitome</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abridgement; compendium; compend; abstract;
synopsis; abbreviature. See <u>Abridgment</u>.</p>

<p><hw>E*pit"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
an epitome; one who abridges; an epitomizer.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pit"o*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Epitomized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Epitomizing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make an
epitome of; to shorten or abridge, as a writing or discourse; to
reduce within a smaller space; as, to <i>epitomize</i> the works of
Justin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To diminish, as by cutting off something;
to curtail; as, to <i>epitomize</i> words.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pit"o*mi`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
epitomist.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"i*trite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; containing
an integer and one third (<i>i. e</i>., &frac43;, or in the ratio of
4 to 3); <grk>'epi`</grk> upon, over + &?; the third: cf. L.
<i>epitritos</i>, F. <i>&eacute;pitrite</i>.] <i>(Gr. &amp; Lat.
Pros.)</i> <def>A foot consisting of three long syllables and one
short syllable.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is so called from being compounded of a spondee (which
contains 4 times) with an iambus or a trochee (which contains 3
times). It is called 1st, 2d, 3d, or 4th <i>epitrite</i> according as
the short syllable stands 1st, 2d, etc.</p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*troch"le*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Epi-</u>, and <u>Trochlea</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A projection
on the outer side of the distal end of the humerus; the external
condyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*troch"le*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to the epitrochlea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*tro"choid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>epi-
</i> + Gr. &?;  wheel + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A kind of
curve. See <u>Epicycloid</u>, any <u>Trochoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*pit"ro*pe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
reference, arbitration, fr. &?; to turn over, to give up, yield;
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon, over + &?; to turn.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
figure by which permission is either seriously or ironically granted
to some one, to do what he proposes to do; <i>e. g.</i>, "He that is
unjust, let him be unjust still."</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*zeux"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
a fastening together, repetition, fr. &?; to fasten to or upon;
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; to join, yoke.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
figure by which a word is repeated with vehemence or emphasis, as in
the following lines: -</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Alone</i>, <i>alone</i>, <i>all all alone</i>,<BR>
<i>Alone</i> on a <i>wide wide</i> sea.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*zo"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An epizo&ouml;n.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Living upon the exterior of another animal; ectozoic; -- said of
external parasites.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`i*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Epizoa</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'epi`</grk> upon +
<grk>zw^,on</grk> animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
artificial group of invertebrates of various kinds, which live
parasitically upon the exterior of other animals; an ectozo&ouml;n.
Among them are the lice, ticks, many acari, the lerneans, or fish
lice, and other crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`i*zo*&ouml;t"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;pizo&ouml;tique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to an
epizo&ouml;n.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Containing fossil remains;
-- said of rocks, formations, mountains, and the like.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Epizo&ouml;tic</i> mountains are of secondary
formation.</blockquote> <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of a disease which attacks
many animals at the same time; -- corresponding to epidemic diseases
among men.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep`i*zo"&ouml;*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Ep`i*zo*&ouml;t"ic</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>&eacute;pizo&ouml;tie</i>.] <def>An
epizo&ouml;tic disease; a murrain; an epidemic influenza among
horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"och</hw> (&ebreve;p"&obreve;k <i>or</i> &emacr;"p&obreve;k;
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>epocha</i>, Gr.
<grk>'epochh`</grk> check, stop, an epoch of a star, an historical
epoch, fr. <grk>'epe`chein</grk> to hold on, check; <grk>'epi`</grk>
upon + <grk>'e`chein</grk> to have, hold; akin to Skr. <i>sah</i> to
overpower, Goth. <i>sigis</i> victory, AS. <i>sigor</i>, <i>sige</i>,
G. <i>sieg</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;poque</i>. See <u>Scheme</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fixed point of time, established in history
by the occurrence of some grand or remarkable event; a point of time
marked by an event of great subsequent influence; as, the
<i>epoch</i> of the creation; the birth of Christ was the
<i>epoch</i> which gave rise to the Christian era.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In divers ages, . . . divers <i>epochs</i> of time
were used.</blockquote> <i>Usher.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Great <i>epochs</i> and crises in the kingdom of
God.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The acquittal of the bishops was not the only event
which makes the 30th of June, 1688, a great <i>epoch</i> in
history.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Epochs</i> mark the beginning of new historical periods,
and dates are often numbered from them.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A period of time, longer or shorter,
remarkable for events of great subsequent influence; a memorable
period; as, the <i>epoch</i> of maritime discovery, or of the
Reformation.</def> "So vast an <i>epoch</i> of time."  <i>F.
Harrison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The influence of Chaucer continued to live even during
the dreary interval which separates from one another two important
<i>epochs</i> of our literary history.</blockquote> <i>A. W.
Ward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A division of time
characterized by the prevalence of similar conditions of the earth;
commonly a minor division or part of a period.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The long geological <i>epoch</i> which stored up the
vast coal measures.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
date at which a planet or comet has a longitude or position.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An arbitrary fixed date, for which the
elements used in computing the place of a planet, or other heavenly
body, at any other date, are given; as, the <i>epoch</i> of Mars;
lunar elements for the <i>epoch</i> March 1st, 1860.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Era; time; date; period; age.  -- <u>Epoch</u>,
<u>Era</u>. We speak of the <i>era</i> of the Reformation, when we
think of it as a period, during which a new order of things
prevailed; so also, the <i>era</i> of good feeling, etc. Had we been
thinking of the time as marked by certain great events, or as a
period in which great results were effected, we should have called
the times when these events happened <i>epochs</i>, and the whole
period an <i>epoch</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>The capture of Constantinople is an <i>epoch</i> in
the history of Mahometanism; but the flight of Mahomet is its
<i>era</i>.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ep"o*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Epoch</u>.</def>  <i>J. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"o*chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to an
epoch; of the nature of an epoch.</def> "<i>Epochal</i> points."
<i>Shedd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"ode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>epodos</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?;, adj., singing to, sung or said after, fr. &?; to sing
to; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon, to + &?; to sing: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;pode</i>. See <u>Ode</u>.] <i>(Poet.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The after song; the part of a lyric ode
which follows the strophe and antistrophe, -- the ancient ode being
divided into strophe, antistrophe, and <i>epode</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A species of lyric poem, invented by
Archilochus, in which a longer verse is followed by a shorter one;
as, the <i>Epodes</i> of Horace. It does not include the elegiac
distich.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pod"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, an epode.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep"o*nym</hw>, <hw>Ep"o*nyme</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;ponyme</i>. See
<u>Eponymous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The hypothetical
individual who is assumed as the person from whom any race, city,
etc., took its name; as, Hellen is an <i>eponym</i> of the
Hellenes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A name, as of a people, country, and the
like, derived from that of an individual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`o*nym"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Eponymous</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tablets . . . which bear <i>eponymic</i>
dates.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor (The Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pon"y*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One from whom
a race, tribe, city, or the like, took its name; an eponym.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*pon"y*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'epi`</grk> upon, to + &?; for &?; name.] <def>Relating to an
eponym; giving one's name to a tribe, people, country, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What becomes . . . of the Herakleid genealogy of the
Spartan kings, when it is admitted that <i>eponymous</i> persons are
to be canceled as fictions?</blockquote> <i>Grote.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*pon"y*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a surname
given after some person or thing.] <def>The derivation of the name of
a race, tribe, etc., from that of a fabulous hero, progenitor,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ep`o*&ouml;ph"o*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; egg + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to
bear.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Parovarium</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep"o*pee`</hw> (?), <hw>||Ep`o*p&oelig;"ia</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>&eacute;pop&eacute;e</i>, Gr. &?;;
<grk>'e`pos</grk> song + &?; to make. See <u>Epos</u>.] <def>An epic
poem; epic poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"opt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; one initiated
into the Eleusinian mysteries.] <def>One instructed in the mysteries
of a secret system.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ep"os</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<def>An epic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`o*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>epotare</i>, <i>epotatum</i>, to drink; <i>e</i> out +
<i>potare</i> to drink.] <def>A drinking up; a quaffing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`prou`vette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Gun.)</i> <def>An apparatus for testing or proving the strength
of gunpowder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"som*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Native sulphate
of magnesia or Epsom salt.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ep"som salts`</hw> or <hw>salt`</hw> (?) }. <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Sulphate of magnesia having cathartic qualities; -- originally
prepared by boiling down the mineral waters at <i>Epsom</i>, England,
-- whence the name; afterwards prepared from sea water; but now from
certain minerals, as from siliceous hydrate of magnesia.</def></p>

<p><! p. 504 !></p>

<p><hw>Ep"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>epularis</i>,
fr. <i>epulum</i> a feast: cf. F. <i>&eacute;pulaire</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a feast or banquet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>epulatio</i>.] <def>A feasting or feast; banquet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||E*pu"lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
gumboil; Gr. <grk>'epi`</grk> upon + &?; gums.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
hard tumor developed from the gums.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>epulum</i> a
feast.] <def>Feasting to excess.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep`u*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feasting
to excess.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ep`u*lot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to scar over or heal; <grk>'epi`</grk> upon, over + &?; whole.]
<def>Promoting the skinning over or healing of sores; as, an
<i>epulotic</i> ointment.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
epulotic agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ep`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>e</i> out,
quite + <i>purare</i> to purify, <i>purus</i> pure.]
<def>Purification.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`pure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Fine
Arts)</i> <def>A draught or model from which to build; especially,
one of the full size of the work to be done; a detailed
drawing.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qua*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequabilitas</i>, fr. <i>aequabilis</i>. See <u>Equable</u>.]
<def>The quality or condition of being equable; evenness or
uniformity; as, <i>equability</i> of temperature; the
<i>equability</i> of the mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the celestial bodies, the <i>equability</i> and
constancy of their motions argue them ordained by
wisdom.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"qua*ble</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequabilis</i>, fr. <i>aequare</i> to make level or equal, fr.
<i>aequus</i> even, equal. See <u>Equal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Equal and uniform; continuing the same at different times; --
said of motion, and the like; uniform in surface; smooth; as, an
<i>equable</i> plain or globe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uniform in action or intensity; not
variable or changing; -- said of the feelings or temper.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"qua*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or
state of being equable.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"qua*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an equable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"qual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>aequalis</i>, fr.
<i>aequus</i> even, equal; akin to Skr. <i>&?;ka</i>, and perh. to L.
<i>unus</i> for older <i>oinos</i> one, E. <i>one</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Agreeing in quantity, size, quality, degree,
value, etc.; having the same magnitude, the same value, the same
degree, etc.; -- applied to number, degree, quantity, and intensity,
and to any subject which admits of them; neither inferior nor
superior, greater nor less, better nor worse; corresponding; alike;
as, <i>equal</i> quantities of land, water, etc. ; houses of
<i>equal</i> size; persons of <i>equal</i> stature or talents;
commodities of <i>equal</i> value.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bearing a suitable relation; of just
proportion; having competent power, abilities, or means; adequate;
as, he is not <i>equal</i> to the task.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Scots trusted not their own numbers as
<i>equal</i> to fight with the English.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not permitted to me to make my commendations
<i>equal</i> to your merit.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose voice an <i>equal</i> messenger<BR>
Conveyed thy meaning mild.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not variable; equable; uniform; even; as,
an <i>equal</i> movement.</def> "An <i>equal</i> temper."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Evenly balanced; not unduly inclining to
either side; characterized by fairness; unbiased; impartial;
equitable; just.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Are not my ways <i>equal</i>?</blockquote> <i>Ezek.
xviii. 29.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thee, O Jove, no <i>equal</i> judge I
deem.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor think it <i>equal</i> to answer deliberate reason
with sudden heat and noise.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Of the same interest or concern;
indifferent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They who are not disposed to receive them may let them
alone or reject them; it is <i>equal</i> to me.</blockquote>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Intended for voices of one
kind only, either all male or all female; -- opposed to
<i>mixed</i>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Exactly agreeing with
respect to quantity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Equal temperament</b></col>. <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Temperament</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Even; equable; uniform; adequate; proportionate;
commensurate; fair; just; equitable.</p>

<p><hw>E"qual</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
not inferior or superior to another; one having the same or a similar
age, rank, station, office, talents, strength, or other quality or
condition; an equal quantity or number; as, "If <i>equals</i> be
taken from <i>equals</i> the remainders are equal."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who were once his <i>equals</i> envy and defame
him.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State of being equal; equality.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"qual</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Equaled</u> (?) or <u>Equalled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Equaling</u> or <u>Equalling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be or become equal to; to have the same
quantity, the same value, the same degree or rank, or the like, with;
to be commen&?;urate with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On me whose all not <i>equals</i> Edward's
moiety.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make equal return to; to recompense
fully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who answered all her cares, and <i>equaled</i> all her
love.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make equal or equal to; to equalize;
hence, to compare or regard as equals; to put on equality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would not <i>equal</i> the mind that he found in
himself to the infinite and incomprehensible.</blockquote>
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*qual`i*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes in equalizing the condition of men; a leveler.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*qual"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Equalities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>aequalitas</i>, fr.
<i>aequalis</i> equal. See <u>Equal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
condition or quality of being equal; agreement in quantity or degree
as compared; likeness in bulk, value, rank, properties, etc.; as, the
<i>equality</i> of two bodies in length or thickness; an
<i>equality</i> of rights.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A footing of <i>equality</i> with nobles.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sameness in state or continued course;
evenness; uniformity; as, an <i>equality</i> of temper or
constitution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Evenness; uniformity; as, an
<i>equality</i> of surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Exact agreement between two
expressions or magnitudes with respect to quantity; -- denoted by the
symbol =; thus, <i>a = x</i> signifies that <i>a</i> contains the
same number and kind of units of measure that <i>x</i>
does.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Confessional equality</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Confessional</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E`qual*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of equalizing, or state of being equalized.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>equalization</i> with the rest of their
fellow subjects.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"qual*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Equalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Equalizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;galiser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make equal; to cause to correspond, or be
like, in amount or degree as compared; as, to <i>equalize</i>
accounts, burdens, or taxes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One poor moment can suffice<BR>
To <i>equalize</i> the lofty and the low.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No system of instruction will completely
<i>equalize</i> natural powers.</blockquote> <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pronounce equal; to compare as
equal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which we <i>equalize</i>, and perhaps would willingly
prefer to the Iliad.</blockquote> <i>Orrery.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be equal to; equal; to match.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It could not <i>equalize</i> the hundredth part<BR>
Of what her eyes have kindled in my heart.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Equalizing bar</b></col> <i>(Railroad Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
lever connecting two axle boxes, or two springs in a car truck or
locomotive, to equalize the pressure on the axles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E"qual*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, equalizes anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"qual*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an equal manner
or degree in equal shares or proportion; with equal and impartial
justice; without difference; alike; evenly; justly; as,
<i>equally</i> taxed, furnished, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"qual*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Equality;
evenness.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*quan"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Equiangular</u>.] <def>Having equal angles; equiangular.</def>
[R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qua*nim"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequanimitas</i>, fr. <i>aequanimus</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;quanimit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Equanimous</u>.]
<def>Evenness of mind; that calm temper or firmness of mind which is
not easily elated or depressed; patience; calmness; composure; as, to
bear misfortunes with <i>equanimity</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*quan"i*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequanimus</i>, fr. <i>aequus</i> equal + <i>animus</i> mind.]
<def>Of an even, composed frame of mind; of a steady temper; not
easily elated or depressed.</def>  <i>Bp. Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"quant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aequans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>aequare</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;quant</i>.
See <u>Equate</u>.] <i>(Ptolemaic Astron.)</i> <def>A circle around
whose circumference a planet or the center of ann epicycle was
conceived to move uniformly; -- called also <i>eccentric
equator</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*quate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Equated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Equating</u>.] [L. <i>aequatus</i>, p. p. of <i>aequare</i> to
make level or equal, fr. <i>aequus</i> level, equal. See
<u>Equal</u>.] <def>To make equal; to reduce to an average; to make
such an allowance or correction in as will reduce to a common
standard of comparison; to reduce to mean time or motion; as, to
<i>equate</i> payments; to <i>equate</i> lines of railroad for grades
or curves; <i>equated</i> distances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Palgrave gives both scrolle and scrowe and
<i>equates</i> both to F[rench] rolle.</blockquote> <i>Skeat (Etymol.
Dict. ).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Equating for grades</b></col> <i>(Railroad Engin.)</i>,
<cd>adding to the measured distance one mile for each twenty feet of
ascent.</cd> -- <col><b>Equating for curves</b></col>, <cd>adding
half a mile for each 360 degrees of curvature.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*qua"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aequatio</i>
an equalizing: cf. F. <i>&eacute;quation</i> equation. See
<u>Equate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A making equal; equal
division; equality; equilibrium.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Again the golden day resumed its right,<BR>
And ruled in just <i>equation</i> with the night.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>An expression of the
condition of equality between two algebraic quantities or sets of
quantities, the sign = being placed between them; as, a binomial
<i>equation</i>; a quadratic <i>equation</i>; an algebraic
<i>equation</i>; a transcendental <i>equation</i>; an exponential
<i>equation</i>; a logarithmic <i>equation</i>; a differential
<i>equation</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A quantity to be applied
in computing the mean place or other element of a celestial body;
that is, any one of the several quantities to be added to, or taken
from, its position as calculated on the hypothesis of a mean uniform
motion, in order to find its true position as resulting from its
actual and unequal motion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Absolute equation</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Absolute</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Equation box</b></col>, or
<col><b>Equational box</b></col>, <cd>a system of differential
gearing used in spinning machines for regulating the twist of the
yarn. It resembles gearing used in equation clocks for showing
apparent time.</cd> -- <col><b>Equation of the center</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the difference between the place of a planet as
supposed to move uniformly in a circle, and its place as moving in an
ellipse.</cd> -- <col><b>Equations of condition</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>equations formed for deducing the true values of
certain quantities from others on which they depend, when different
sets of the latter, as given by observation, would yield different
values of the quantities sought, and the number of equations that may
be found is greater than the number of unknown quantities.</cd> --
<col><b>Equation of a curve</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>an equation
which expresses the relation between the co&ouml;rdinates of every
point in the curve.</cd> -- <col><b>Equation of equinoxes</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the difference between the mean and apparent
places of the equinox.</cd> -- <col><b>Equation of payments</b></col>
<i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>the process of finding the mean time of payment
of several sums due at different times.</cd> -- <col><b>Equation of
time</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the difference between mean and
apparent time, or between the time of day indicated by the sun, and
that by a perfect clock going uniformly all the year round.</cd> --
<col><b>Equation</b></col> <col><b>clock or watch</b></col>, <cd>a
timepiece made to exhibit the differences between mean solar and
apparent solar time.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Normal
equation</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Normal</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Personal equation</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
difference between an observed result and the true qualities or
peculiarities in the observer; particularly the difference, in an
average of a large number of observation, between the instant when an
observer notes a phenomenon, as the transit of a star, and the
assumed instant of its actual occurrence; or, relatively, the
difference between these instants as noted by two observers. It is
usually only a fraction of a second; -- sometimes applied loosely to
differences of judgment or method occasioned by temperamental
qualities of individuals.</cd> -- <col><b>Theory of
equations</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the branch of algebra that
treats of the properties of a single algebraic equation of any degree
containing one unknown quantity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*qua"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>aequator</i>
one who equalizes: cf. F. <i>&eacute;quateur</i> equator. See
<u>Equate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>The imaginary
great circle on the earth's surface, everywhere equally distant from
the two poles, and dividing the earth's surface into two
hemispheres.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The great circle of the
celestial sphere, coincident with the plane of the earth's equator; -
- so called because when the sun is in it, the days and nights are of
equal length; hence called also the <i>equinoctial</i>, and on maps,
globes, etc., the <i>equinoctial line</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Equator</b></col> <col><b>of the sun or of a
planet</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the great circle whose plane
passes through through the center of the body, and is perpendicular
to its axis of revolution.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic
equator</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Aclinic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E`qua*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;quatorial</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the equator; as,
<i>equatorial</i> climates; also, pertaining to an equatorial
instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qua*to"ri*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>An instrument consisting of a telescope so mounted as to have
two axes of motion at right angles to each other, one of them
parallel to the axis of the earth, and each carrying a graduated
circle, the one for measuring declination, and the other right
ascension, or the hour angle, so that the telescope may be directed,
even in the daytime, to any star or other object whose right
ascension and declination are known. The motion in right ascension is
sometimes communicated by clockwork, so as to keep the object
constantly in the field of the telescope. Called also an
<i>equatorial telescope</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>equatorial</i>, or <i>equatorial
instrument</i>, is sometimes applied to any astronomical instrument
which has its principal axis of rotation parallel to the axis of the
earth.
</p>

<p><hw>E`qua*to"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
have motion or direction parallel to the equator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eq"uer*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Equerries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>&eacute;curie</i> stable, for
older <i>escurie</i>, <i>escuirie</i> (confused somewhat with F.
<i>&eacute;cuyer</i>, OF. <i>escuyer</i>, squire), LL. <i>scuria</i>,
OHG. <i>skiura</i>, <i>sc&?;ra</i>, barn, shed, G. <i>scheuer</i>,
from a root meaning <i>to cover</i>, <i>protect</i>, and akin to L.
<i>scutum</i> shield. See <u>Esquire</u>, and cf. <u>Ecurie</u>,
<u>Querry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large stable or lodge for
horses.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An officer of princes or nobles, charged
with the care of their horses.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England <i>equerries</i> are officers of the royal
household in the department of the Master of the Horse.</p>

<p><hw>Eq"ue*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Equerry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ques"tri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>equester</i>, from <i>eques</i> horseman, fr. <i>equus</i> horse:
cf. F. <i>&eacute;questre</i>. See <u>Equine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to horses or horsemen, or to horsemanship; as,
<i>equestrian</i> feats, or games.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being or riding on horseback; mounted; as,
an <i>equestrian</i> statue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>equestrian</i> lady appeared upon the
plains.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to, or composed of, the ancient
Roman <i>equities</i> or knights; as, the <i>equestrian</i>
order.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ques"tri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who rides on
horseback; a horseman; a rider.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ques"tri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art
of riding on horseback; performance on horseback; horsemanship; as,
feats <i>equestrianism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ques"tri*enne`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed after
analogy of the French language.] <def>A woman skilled in
equestrianism; a horsewoman.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"qui-</hw> (?). [L. <i>aequus</i> equal. See <u>Equal</u>.]
<def>A prefix, meaning <i>equally</i>; as, <i>equi</i>distant;
<i>equi</i>angular.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"qui*an`gled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i> +
<i>angle</i>.] <def>Equiangular.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*an"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i> +
<i>angular</i>.  Cf. <u>Equangular</u>.] <def>Having equal angles;
as, an <i>equiangular</i> figure; a square is
<i>equiangular</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Equiangular spiral</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Spiral</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Mutually
equiangular</b></col>, <cd>applied to two figures, when every angle
of the one has its equal among the angles of the other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*bal"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i> +
<i>balance</i>.] <def>Equal weight; equiponderance.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*bal"ance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Equibalanced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Equibalancing</u> (?).] <def>To make of equal weight;
to balance equally; to counterbalance; to equiponderate.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*cres"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i> +
<i>crescent</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Increasing by equal increments;
as, an <i>equicrescent</i> variable.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*cru"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequicrurius</i>; <i>aequus</i> equal + <i>crus</i>,
<i>cruris</i>, leg.] <def>Having equal legs or sides;
isosceles.</def> [R.] "<i>Equicrural</i> triangles."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"qui*crure</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Equicrural.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E`qui*dif"fer*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i>
+ <i>different</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;quidiff&eacute;rent</i>.]
<def>Having equal differences; as, the terms of arithmetical
progression are <i>equidifferent</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*dis"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Equal
distance.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*dis"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequidistans</i>, <i>-antis</i>; <i>aequus</i> equal +
<i>distans</i> distant: cf. F. <i>&eacute;quidistant</i>.] <def>Being
at an equal distance from the same point or thing.</def> --
<wf>E`qui*dis"tant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*di*ur"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i> +
<i>diurnal</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the time of equal day and night;
-- applied to the equinoctial line.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"qui*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequiformis</i>; <i>aequus</i> equal + <i>forma</i> form.]
<def>Having the same form; uniform.</def> -- <wf>E`qui*for"mi*ty</wf>
(#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*lat"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequilateralis</i>; <i>aequus</i> equal + <i>latus</i>,
<i>lateris</i>, side: cf. F. <i>&eacute;quilat&eacute;ral</i>.]
<def>Having all the sides equal; as, an <i>equilateral</i> triangle;
an <i>equilateral</i> polygon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Equilateral hyperbola</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>one
whose axes are equal.</cd> -- <col><b>Equilateral shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one in which a transverse line drawn through
the apex of the umbo bisects the valve, or divides it into two equal
and symmetrical parts.</cd> -- <col><b>Mutually
equilateral</b></col>, <cd>applied to two figures, when every side of
the one has its equal among the sides of the other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*lat"er*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A side exactly
corresponding, or equal, to others; also, a figure of equal
sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*li"brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Equilibrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Equilibrating</u> (?).] [L. <i>aequilibratus</i> in
equilibrium; <i>aequus</i> equal + <i>libra</i> balance. See
<u>Equilibrium</u>.] <def>To balance two scales, sides, or ends; to
keep even with equal weight on each side; to keep in equipoise.</def>
<i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 505 !></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*li*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of keeping a balance, or state of being
balanced; equipoise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In . . . running, leaping, and dancing, nature's laws
of <i>equilibration</i> are observed.</blockquote> <i>J.
Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The process by which animal
and vegetable organisms preserve a physiological balance.</def>
<i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*lib"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Evenly
poised; balanced.</def> <i>Dr. H. More.</i> --
<wf>E`qui*lib"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E*quil"i*brist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
balances himself in unnatural positions and hazardous movements; a
balancer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the <i>equilibrist</i> balances a rod upon his
finger.</blockquote> <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*lib"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequilibritas</i> equal distribution. See <u>Equilibrium</u>.]
<def>The state of being balanced; equality of weight.</def> [R.]
<i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*lib"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Equilibriums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Equilibria</b></plw>
(#). [L. <i>aequilibrium</i>, fr. <i>aequilibris</i> in equilibrium,
level; <i>aequus</i> equal + <i>libra</i> balance. See <u>Equal</u>,
and <u>Librate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Equality of weight or
force; an equipoise or a state of rest produced by the mutual
counteraction of two or more forces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A level position; a just poise or balance
in respect to an object, so that it remains firm; equipoise; as, to
preserve the <i>equilibrium</i> of the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Health consists in the <i>equilibrium</i> between
those two powers.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A balancing of the mind between motives or
reasons, with consequent indecision and doubt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Equilibrium valve</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a
balanced valve. See under <u>Valve</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*mo*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i>
+ <i>momental</i>.] <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Having equal moments of
inertia.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Two bodies or systems of bodies are said to be
<i>equimomental</i> when their moments of inertia about all straight
lines are equal each to each.</p>

<p><col><b>Equimomental cone of a given rigid body</b></col>, <cd>a
conical surface that has any given vertex, and is described by a
straight line which moves in such manner that the moment of inertia
of the given rigid body about the line is in all its positions the
same.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*mul"ti*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i>
+ <i>multiple</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;quimultiple</i>.]
<def>Multiplied by the same number or quantity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*mul"ti*ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>One of the products arising from the multiplication of two or
more quantities by the same number or quantity. Thus, seven times 2,
or  14, and seven times 4, or 28, are <i>equimultiples</i> of 2 and
4.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*qui"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Equine</u>.</def> "An <i>equinal</i> shape."  <i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"quine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>equinus</i>, fr.
<i>equus</i> horse; akin to Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>a&?;va</i>, OS.
<i>ehu</i>, AS. <i>eh</i>, <i>eoh</i>, Icel. <i>j&?;r</i>, OIr.
<i>ech</i>, cf. Skr. <i>a&?;</i> to reach, overtake, perh. akin to E.
<i>acute</i>, <i>edge</i>, <i>eager</i>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> Cf.
<u>Hippopotamus</u>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a
horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shoulders, body, things, and mane are
<i>equine</i>; the head completely bovine.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||E*quin"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Equine</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Glanders.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*noc"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequinoctials</i>, fr. <i>aequinoctium</i> equinox: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;quinoxial</i>. See <u>Equinox</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to an equinox, or the equinoxes, or to the time of
equal day and night; as, the <i>equinoctial</i> line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the regions or climate of
the equinoctial line or equator; in or near that line; as,
<i>equinoctial</i> heat; an <i>equinoctial</i> sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the time when the sun enters
the equinoctial points; as, an <i>equinoctial</i> gale or storm, that
is, one happening at or near the time of the equinox, in any part of
the world.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Equinoctial colure</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
meridian passing through the <i>equinoctial</i> points.</cd> --
<col><b>Equinoctial line</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
celestial equator; -- so called because when the sun is on it, the
nights and days are of equal length in all parts of the world. See
<u>Equator</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Thrice the <i>equinoctial line</i><BR>
He circled.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Equinoctial points</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
two points where the celestial and ecliptic intersect each other; the
one being in the first point of Aries, the other in the first point
of Libra.</cd> -- <col><b>Equinoctial time</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<cd>reckoned in any year from the instant when the mean sun is at the
mean vernal equinoctial point.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*noc"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The equinoctial
line.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*noc"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Towards
the equinox.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"qui*nox</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>equinoxium</i>, <i>equenoxium</i>, L. <i>aequinoctium</i>;
<i>aequus</i> equal + <i>nox</i>, <i>noctis</i>, night: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;quinoxe</i>. See <u>Equal</u>, and <u>Night</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The time when the sun enters one of the
equinoctial points, that is, about March 21 and September 22. See
<i>Autumnal equinox</i>, <i>Vernal equinox</i>, under <u>Autumnal</u>
and <u>Vernal</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When descends on the Atlantic<BR>
The gigantic<BR>
Stormwind of the <i>equinox</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Equinoctial wind or storm.</def> [R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*nu"mer*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i>
+ L. <i>numerans</i>, p. pr.  of <i>numerare</i> to number.]
<def>Equal as to number.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*quip"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Equipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Equipping</u>.] [F. <i>&eacute;quiper</i> to supply, fit out,
orig. said of a ship, OF. <i>esquiper</i> to embark; of German
origin; cf. OHG. <i>scif</i>, G. <i>schiff</i>, Icel. <i>skip</i>,
AS. <i>scip</i>. See <u>Ship</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish
for service, or against a need or exigency; to fit out; to supply
with whatever is necessary to efficient action in any way; to provide
with arms or an armament, stores, munitions, rigging, etc.; -- said
esp. of ships and of troops.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gave orders for <i>equipping</i> a considerable
fleet.</blockquote> <i>Ludlow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dress up; to array; accouter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The country are led astray in following the town, and
<i>equipped</i> in a ridiculous habit, when they fancy themselves in
the height of the mode.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eq"ui*page</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;quipage</i>, fr. <i>&eacute;quiper</i>. See <u>Equip</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Furniture or outfit, whether useful or
ornamental; especially, the furniture and supplies of a vessel,
fitting her for a voyage or for warlike purposes, or the furniture
and necessaries of an army, a body of troops, or a single soldier,
including whatever is necessary for efficient service; equipments;
accouterments; habiliments; attire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did their exercises on horseback with noble
<i>equipage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>First strip off all her <i>equipage</i> of
Pride.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Retinue; train; suite.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A carriage of state or of pleasure with
all that accompanies it, as horses, liveried servants, etc., a showy
turn-out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rumbling <i>equipages</i> of fashion . . . were
unknown in the settlement of New Amsterdam.</blockquote> <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eq"ui*paged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
equipage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well dressed, well bred.<BR>
Well <i>equipaged</i>, is ticket good enough.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*quip"a*ra*ble</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequiparabilis</i>.] <def>Comparable.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*quip"a*rate</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequiparatus</i>, p. p. of <i>aequiparare</i>.] <def>To
compare.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*quip"e*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i> + L.
<i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Equal-
footed; having the pairs of feet equal.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*pend"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i>
+ <i>pendency</i>.] <def>The act or condition of hanging in
equipoise; not inclined or determined either way.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*pen"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i>
+ <i>pensatus</i>, p. p. of pensare to weigh.  Cf. <u>Equipoise</u>.]
<def>To weigh equally; to esteem alike.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*quip"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;quipement</i>. See <u>Equip</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of equipping, or the state of being equipped, as for a
voyage or expedition.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>equipment</i> of the fleet was hastened by De
Witt.</blockquote> <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whatever is used in equipping; necessaries
for an expedition or voyage; the collective designation for the
articles comprising an outfit; equipage; as, a railroad
<i>equipment</i> (locomotives, cars, etc. ; for carrying on
business); horse <i>equipments</i>; infantry <i>equipments</i>; naval
<i>equipments</i>; laboratory <i>equipments</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Armed and dight,<BR>
In the <i>equipments</i> of a knight.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"qui*poise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i> +
<i>poise</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Equality of weight or force;
hence, equilibrium; a state in which the two ends or sides of a thing
are balanced, and hence equal; state of being equally balanced; --
said of moral, political, or social interests or forces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The means of preserving the <i>equipoise</i> and the
tranquillity of the commonwealth.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our little lives are kept in <i>equipoise</i><BR>
By opposite attractions and desires.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Counterpoise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>equipoise</i> to the clergy being
removed.</blockquote> <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>E`qui*pol"lence</hw> (?), <hw>E`qui*pol"len*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;quipollence</i>. See
<u>Equipollent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Equality of power,
force, signification, or application.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Sameness of signification
of two or more propositions which differ in language.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*pol"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequipollens</i>; <i>aequus</i> equal + <i>pollens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>pollere</i> to be strong, able: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;quipollent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having equal
power or force; equivalent.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Having equivalent
signification and reach; expressing the same thing, but
differently.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*pol"lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With equal
power.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>E`qui*pon"der*ance</hw> (?), <hw>E`qui*pon"der*an*cy</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i> + <i>ponderance</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;quipond&eacute;rance</i>.] <def>Equality of weight;
equipoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*pon"der*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;quipond&eacute;rant</i>.] <def>Being of the same
weight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A column of air . . . <i>equiponderant</i> to a column
of quicksilver.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*pon"der*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-
</i> + L. <i>ponderare</i> to weigh. See <u>Ponderate</u>.] <def>To
be equal in weight; to weigh as much as another thing.</def>  <i>Bp.
Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*pon"der*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
equal in weight; to counterbalance.</def> "More than
<i>equiponderated</i> the declension in that direction."  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*pon"der*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i>
+ L. <i>pondus</i>, <i>ponderis</i>, weight.] <def>Having equal
weight.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*pon"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequipondium</i> an equal weight; <i>aequus</i> equal +
<i>pondus</i> weight.] <def>Of equal weight on both sides;
balanced.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*po*ten"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i>
+ <i>potential</i>.] <i>(Mech. &amp; Physics)</i> <def>Having the same
potential.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Equipotential surface</b></col>, <cd>a surface for which
the potential is for all points of the surface constant. Level
surfaces on the earth are <i>equipotential</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*rad"i*cal</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i> +
<i>radical</i>.] <def>Equally radical.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*ro"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>   [<i>Equi-</i> +
L. <i>rota</i> wheel.] <def>Having wheels of the same size or
diameter; having equal rotation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E`qui*se*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Belonging to the <i>Equisetace&aelig;</i>, or Horsetail
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*set"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equisetum-
</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form of the
equisetum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eq`ui*se"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Equiseta</b></plw> (#). [L., the horsetail, fr. <i>equus</i>
horse + <i>seta</i> a thick,, stiff hair, bristle.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of vascular, cryptogamic, herbaceous plants; -- also
called <i>horsetails</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Equiseta</i> have hollow jointed stems and no true
leaves. The cuticle often contains siliceous granules, so that one
species (<i>E. hyemale</i>) is used for scouring and polishing, under
the name of <i>Dutch rush</i> or <i>scouring rush</i>.</p>

<p><hw>E*quis"o*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i> +
L. <i>sonans</i>, p. pr. of sonare to sound: cf. F.
&eacute;quisonnance. See <u>Sonant</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An equal
sounding; the consonance of the unison and its octaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*quis"o*nant</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the same
or like sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eq"ui*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;quitable</i>, from <i>&eacute;quit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Equity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing or exhibiting
equity; according to natural right or natural justice; marked by a
due consideration for what is fair, unbiased, or impartial; just; as
an <i>equitable</i> decision; an <i>equitable</i> distribution of an
estate; <i>equitable</i> men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No two . . . had exactly the same notion of what was
<i>equitable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>That can be sustained or made
available or effective in a court of equity, or upon principles of
equity jurisprudence; as, an <i>equitable</i> estate;
<i>equitable</i> assets, assignment, mortgage, etc.</def>
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Just; fair; reasonable; right; honest; impartial;
candid; upright.</p>

<p><hw>Eq"ui*ta*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being equitable, just, or impartial; as, the <i>equitableness</i>
of a judge, a decision, or distribution of property.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eq"ui*ta*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an equitable
manner; justly; as, the laws should be <i>equitably</i>
administered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eq"ui*tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>equitantia</i>. See <u>Equitant</u>.] <def>Horsemanship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eq"ui*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>equitans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>equitare</i> to ride, fr. <i>eques</i>
horseman, fr. <i>equus</i> horse.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mounted
on, or sitting upon, a horse; riding on horseback.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Overlapping each other; --
said of leaves whose bases are folded so as to overlap and bestride
the leaves within or above them, as in the iris.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eq`ui*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>equitatio</i>, fr. <i>equitare</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;quitation</i>.] <def>A riding, or the act of riding, on
horseback; horsemanship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pretender to <i>equitation</i>
mounted.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*tem`po*ra"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequus</i> equal + <i>tempus</i>, <i>temporis</i>, time.]
<def>Contemporaneous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Eq"ui*tes</hw> (?) <pos><i>n. pl</i></pos> [L., pl. of
<i>eques</i> a horseman.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An order of
knights holding a middle place between the senate and the commonalty;
members of the Roman equestrian order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eq"ui*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Equities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>&eacute;quit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>aequitas</i>, fr. <i>aequus</i> even, equal. See <u>Equal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Equality of rights; natural justice or right;
the giving, or desiring to give, to each man his due, according to
reason, and the law of God to man; fairness in determination of
conflicting claims; impartiality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Christianity secures both the private interests of men
and the public peace, enforcing all justice and
<i>equity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An equitable claim; an equity
of redemption; as, an <i>equity</i> to a settlement, or wife's
<i>equity</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I consider the wife's <i>equity</i> to be too well
settled to be shaken.</blockquote> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A system of jurisprudence,
supplemental to law, properly so called, and complemental of
it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Equity</i> had been gradually shaping itself into a
refined science which no human faculties could master without long
and intense application.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Equitable jurisprudence in England and in the United States
grew up from the inadequacy of common-law forms to secure justice in
all cases; and this led to distinct courts by which equity was
applied in the way of injunctions, bills of discovery, bills for
specified performance, and other processes by which the merits of a
case could be reached more summarily or more effectively than by
common-law suits. By the recent English Judicature Act (1873),
however, the English judges are bound to give effect, in common-law
suits, to all equitable rights and remedies; and when the rules of
equity and of common law, in any particular case, conflict, the rules
of equity are to prevail. In many jurisdictions in the United States,
equity and common law are thus blended; in others distinct equity
tribunals are still maintained. See <u>Chancery</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Equity of redemption</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
advantage, allowed to a mortgageor, of a certain or reasonable time
to redeem lands mortgaged, after they have been forfeited at law by
the nonpayment of the sum of money due on the mortgage at the
appointed time.</cd>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Right; justice; impartiality; rectitude; fairness;
honesty; uprightness. See <u>Justice</u>.</p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"a*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;quivalence</i>, LL. <i>aequivalentia</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being equivalent or equal;
equality of worth, value, signification, or force; as, an
<i>equivalence</i> of definitions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Equal power or force; equivalent
amount.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
quantity of the combining power of an atom, expressed in hydrogen
units; the number of hydrogen atoms can combine with, or be exchanged
for; valency. See <u>Valence</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
degree of combining power as determined by relative weight. See
<u>Equivalent</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"a*lence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be
equivalent or equal to; to counterbalance.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"a*len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Equivalence</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequivalens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>aequivalere</i> to
have equal power; <i>aequus</i> equal +  <i>valere</i> to be strong,
be worth: cf. F. <i>&eacute;quivalent</i>. See <u>Equal</u>, and
<u>Valiant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Equal in worth or value,
force, power, effect, import, and the like; alike in significance and
value; of the same import or meaning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For now to serve and to minister, servile and
ministerial, are terms <i>equivalent</i>.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Equal in measure but not
admitting of superposition; -- applied to magnitudes; as, a square
may be <i>equivalent</i> to a triangle.</def></p>

<p><! p. 506 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Contemporaneous in origin;
as, the <i>equivalent</i> strata of different countries.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something equivalent; that which is equal in
value, worth, weight, or force; as, to offer an <i>equivalent</i> for
damage done.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He owned that, if the Test Act were repealed, the
Protestants were entitled to some <i>equivalent</i>.  . . . During
some weeks the word <i>equivalent</i>, then lately imported from
France, was in the mouths of all the coffeehouse
orators.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>That comparative quantity
by weight of an element which possesses the same chemical value as
other elements, as determined by actual experiment and reference to
the same standard.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
comparative proportions by which one element replaces another in any
particular compound; thus, as zinc replaces hydrogen in hydrochloric
acid, their <i>equivalents</i> are 32.5 and 1.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The combining proportion by weight of a
substance, or the number expressing this proportion, in any
particular compound; as, the <i>equivalents</i> of hydrogen and
oxygen in water are respectively 1 and 8, and in hydric dioxide 1 and
16.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term was adopted by Wollaston to avoid using the
conjectural expression <i>atomic weight</i>, with which, however, for
a time it was practically synonymous. The attempt to limit the term
to the meaning of a universally comparative combining weight failed,
because of the possibility of several compounds of the substances by
reason of the variation in combining power which most elements
exhibit. The <i>equivalent</i> was really identical with, or a
multiple of submultiple of, the atomic weight.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining unit, whether
an atom, a radical, or a molecule; as, in acid salt two or more
<i>equivalents</i> of acid unite with one or more <i>equivalents</i>
of base.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mechanical equivalent of heat</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>,
<cd>the number of units of work which the unit of heat can perform;
the mechanical energy which must be expended to raise the temperature
of a unit weight of water from 0&deg; C. to 1&deg; C., or from
32&deg; F. to 33&deg; F. The term was introduced by Dr. Mayer of
Heilbronn. Its value was found by Joule to be 1390 foot pounds upon
the Centigrade, or 772 foot pounds upon the Fahrenheit, thermometric
scale, whence it is often called <i>Joule's equivalent</i>, and
represented by the symbol J.  This is equal to 424 kilogram meters
(Centigrade scale). A more recent determination by Professor Rowland
gives the value 426.9 kilogram meters, for the latitude of
Baltimore.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"a*lent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make the
equivalent to; to equal; equivalence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"a*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an equal
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*val"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put an
equal value upon; to put (something) on a par with another
thing.</def>  <i>W. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>E"qui*valve</hw> (?), <hw>E"qui*valved</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Equi-</i> + <i>valve</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the valves equal in size and from, as
in most bivalve shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`qui*val"vu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Equivalve</u> or
<u>Equivalved</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"o*ca*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Equivocalness.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"o*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aequivocus</i>: <i>aequus</i> equal + <i>vox</i>, <i>vocis</i>,
word. See <u>Equal</u>, and <u>Voice</u>, and cf. <u>Equivoque</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>(Literally, <i>called equally</i> one thing
or the other; hence:) Having two significations equally applicable;
capable of double interpretation; of doubtful meaning; ambiguous;
uncertain; as, <i>equivocal</i> words; an <i>equivocal</i>
sentence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the beauties of Shakespeare are not of so dim or
<i>equivocal</i> a nature as to be visible only to learned
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being ascribed to different
motives, or of signifying opposite feelings, purposes, or characters;
deserving to be suspected; as, his actions are
<i>equivocal</i>.</def> "<i>Equivocal</i> repentances."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Uncertain, as an indication or sign;
doubtful.</def> "How <i>equivocal</i> a test."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Equivocal chord</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a chord which
can be resolved into several distinct keys; one whose intervals,
being all minor thirds, do not clearly indicate its fundamental tone
or root; the chord of the diminished triad, and the diminished
seventh.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ambiguous; doubtful; uncertain; indeterminate.  --
<u>Equivocal</u>, <u>Ambiguous</u>. We call an expression
<i>ambiguous</i> when it has one general meaning, and yet contains
certain words which may be taken in two different senses; or certain
clauses which can be so connected with other clauses as to divide the
mind between different views of part of the meaning intended. We call
an expression <i>equivocal</i> when, taken as a whole, it conveys a
given thought with perfect clearness and propriety, and also another
thought with equal propriety and clearness. Such were the responses
often given by the Delphic oracle; as that to Cr&?;sus when
consulting about a war with Persia: "If you cross the Halys, you will
destroy a great empire." This he applied to the Persian empire, which
lay beyond that river, and, having crossed, destroyed his own, empire
in the conflict. What is <i>ambiguous</i> is a mere blunder of
language; what is <i>equivocal</i> is usually intended to deceive,
though it may occur at times from mere inadvertence.
<i>Equivocation</i> is applied only to cases where there is a design
to deceive.</p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"o*cal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word or
expression capable of different meanings; an ambiguous term; an
equivoque.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In languages of great ductility, <i>equivocals</i>
like that just referred to are rarely found.</blockquote> <i>Fitzed.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"o*cal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
equivocal manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"o*cal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being equivocal.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"o*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Equivocated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Equivocating</u>.] [L. <i>aequivocatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>aequivocari</i> to be called by the same name, fr. L.
<i>aequivocus</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;quivoquer</i>. See
<u>Equivocal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To use words of
equivocal or doubtful signification; to express one's opinions in
terms which admit of different senses, with intent to deceive; to use
ambiguous expressions with a view to mislead; as, to
<i>equivocate</i> is the work of duplicity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that Garnet had to say for him was that he
supposed he meant to <i>equivocate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To prevaricate; evade; shuffle; quibble. See
<u>Prevaricate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"o*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
equivocal or ambiguous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>equivocated</i> his vow by a mental
reservation.</blockquote> <i>Sir G. Buck.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*quiv`o*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use
of expressions susceptible of a double signification, with a purpose
to mislead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There being no room for <i>equivocations</i>, there is
no need of distinctions.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prevarication; ambiguity; shuffling; evasion;
guibbling. See <u>Equivocal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
<u>Prevaricate</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"o*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
equivocates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here's an <i>equivocator</i> that could swear in both
the scales against either scale, yet could not equivocate to
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"o*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indicating, or characterized by, equivocation.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eq"ui*voque</hw>, <hw>Eq"ui*voke</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>&eacute;quivoque</i>. See
<u>Equivocal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ambiguous term; a word
susceptible of different significations.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An equivocation; a guibble.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*quiv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>equus</i>
horse + <i>vorare</i> to eat greedily.] <def>Feeding on horseflesh;
as, <i>equivorous</i> Tartars.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E"quus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., horse.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of mammals, including the horse,
ass, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>-er</hw> (?)<def>.</def> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [AS. <i>-ere</i>;
akin to L. <i>-arius</i>.] <def>The termination of many English
words, denoting <i>the agent</i>; -- applied either to men or things;
as in hat<i>er</i>, farm<i>er</i>, heat<i>er</i>, grat<i>er</i>. At
the end of names of places, <i>-er</i> signifies <i>a man of the
place</i>; as, London<i>er</i>, <i>i. e.</i>, London
<i>man</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [AS. <i>-ra</i>; akin to G. <i>-er</i>, Icel.
<i>-are</i>, <i>-re</i>, Goth. <i>-iza</i>, <i>-&?;za</i>, L. <i>-
ior</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>-&imacr;yas</i>.] <def>A suffix used to
form the comparative degree of adjectives and adverbs; as,
warm<i>er</i>, soon<i>er</i>, lat(e)<i>er</i>,
earl(y)i<i>er</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Eras</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>aera</i> an era, in earlier
usage, the items of an account, counters, pl. of <i>aes</i>,
<i>aeris</i>, brass, money. See <u>Ore</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fixed point of time, usually an epoch, from which a series of
years is reckoned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The foundation of Solomon's temple is conjectured by
Ideler to have been an <i>era</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. S.
Poole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A period of time reckoned from some
particular date or epoch; a succession of years dating from some
important event; as, the <i>era</i> of Alexander; the <i>era</i> of
Christ, or the Christian <i>era</i> (see under
<u>Christian</u>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first century of our <i>era</i>.</blockquote>
<i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A period of time in which a new order of
things prevails; a signal stage of history; an epoch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Painting may truly be said to have opened the new
<i>era</i> of culture.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Epoch; time; date; period; age; dispensation. See
<u>Epoch</u>.</p>

<p><hw>E*ra"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Eradiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Eradiating</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>e-</i> +
<i>radiate</i>.] <def>To shoot forth, as rays of light; to beam; to
radiate.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ra`di*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Emission of
radiance.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rad"i*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being eradicated.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rad"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Eradicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Eradicating</u> (?).] [L. <i>eradicatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>eradicare</i> to eradicate; <i>e</i> out + <i>radix</i>,
<i>radicis</i>, root. See <u>Radical</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pluck up by the roots; to root up; as, an oak tree
<i>eradicated</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To root out; to destroy utterly; to
extirpate; as, to <i>eradicate</i> diseases, or errors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This, although now an old an inveterate evil, might be
<i>eradicated</i> by vigorous treatment.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To extirpate; root out; exterminate; destroy;
annihilate.</p>

<p><hw>E*rad`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eradicatio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;radication</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of plucking up by the roots; a
rooting out; extirpation; utter destruction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being plucked up by the
roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rad"i*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<i>&eacute;radicatif</i>.] <def>Tending or serving to eradicate;
curing or destroying thoroughly, as a disease or any evil.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rad"i*ca*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A medicine that effects a radical cure.</def>
<i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ras"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being erased.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rase"</hw> (&esl;*r&amacr;s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Erased</u> (-r&amacr;st");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>. <u>Erasing</u>.] [L.
<i>erasus</i>, p. p. of <i>eradere</i> to erase; <i>e</i> out +
<i>radere</i> to scrape, scratch, shave. See <u>Rase</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub or scrape out, as letters or
characters written, engraved, or painted; to efface; to expunge; to
cross out; as, to <i>erase</i> a word or a name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To obliterate; to expunge; to blot
out; -- used of ideas in the mind or memory.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*rased"</hw> (&esl;*r&amacr;st"), <pos><i>p. p. &
a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rubbed or scraped out; effaced;
obliterated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Represented with jagged and
uneven edges, as is torn off; -- used esp. of the head or limb of a
beast.  Cf. <u>Couped</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rase"ment</hw> (r&amacr;s"m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of erasing; a rubbing out; expunction;
obliteration.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ras"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, erases; esp., a sharp instrument or a piece of rubber used to
erase writings, drawings, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ra"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
erasing; a rubbing out; obliteration.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ras"tian</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of the followers of Thomas Erastus, a German
physician and theologian of the 16th century. He held that the
punishment of all offenses should be referred to the civil power, and
that holy communion was open to all. In the present day, an Erastian
is one who would see the church placed entirely under the control of
the State.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ras"tian*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>The principles of the Erastains.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ra"sure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Erase</u>.] <def>The act of erasing; a scratching out;
obliteration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the Muse Erato who presided over amatory poetry.</def>
<i>Stormonth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"a*to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to love.] <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The Muse who presided over
lyric and amatory poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"bi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. from
Ytt<i>erb</i>y, in Sweden, where gadolinite is found.  Cf.
<u>Terbium</u>, <u>Yttrium</u>, <u>Ytterbium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A rare metallic element associated with several other rare
elements in the mineral gadolinite from Ytterby in Sweden. Symbol Er.
Atomic weight 165.9. Its salts are rose-colored and give
characteristic spectra. Its sesquioxide is called
<i>erbia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`ce*de"ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., fr. pref.
<i>erce- = archi-</i> + <i>deken</i> a deacon.] <def>An
archdeacon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Erd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>erd</i>,
<i>eard</i>, earth, land, country, AS. <i>eard</i>; akin to OS.
<i>ard</i> dwelling place, OHG. <i>art</i> plowing, tillage, Icel.
<i>&ouml;r&eth;</i> crop, and to L. <i>arare</i> to plow, E.
<i>ear</i> to plow.] <def>The earth.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Erd shrew</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common
European shrew (<i>Sorex vulgaris</i>); the shrewmouse.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ere</hw> (&amacr;r <i>or</i> &acirc;r; 277), <pos><i>prep. &
adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&aemacr;r</i>, prep., adv., &amp; conj.; akin to
OS., OFries., &amp; OHG. <i>&emacr;r</i>, G. <i>eher</i>, D. <i>eer</i>,
Icel. <i>&amacr;r</i>, Goth. <i>air</i>. &radic;204.  Cf.
<u>Early</u>, <u>Erst</u>, <u>Or</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Before; sooner than.</def> [Archaic or
Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Myself was stirring <i>ere</i> the break of
day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ere</i> sails were spread new oceans to
explore.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir, come down <i>ere</i> my child die.</blockquote>
<i>John iv. 49.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rather than.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will be thrown into Etna, . . . <i>ere</i> I will
leave her.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ere long</b></col>, <cd>before, shortly.</cd> <i>Shak.</i>
-- <col><b>Ere now</b></col>, <cd>formerly, heretofore.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Ere that</b></col>, &and; <col><b>Or
are</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Ere</u>.</cd> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ere</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To plow. [Obs.] See
<u>Ear</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"e*bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Greek Myth.)</i> <def>A place of nether
darkness, being the gloomy space through which the souls passed to
Hades. See <i>Milton's</i> "Paradise Lost," Book II., line
883.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Greek Myth.)</i> <def>The son of Chaos and
brother of <u>Nox</u>, who dwelt in Erebus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the infernal deep, with <i>Erebus</i> and tortures
vile.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*rect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>erectus</i>, p.
p. of <i>erigere</i> to erect; <i>e</i> out + <i>regere</i> to lead
straight. See <u>Right</u>, and cf. <u>Alert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Upright, or having a vertical position; not inverted; not
leaning or bent; not prone; as, to stand <i>erect</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two of far nobler shape, <i>erect</i> and
tall.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Among the Greek colonies and churches of Asia,
Philadelphia is still <i>erect</i> -- a column of ruins.</blockquote>
<i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Directed upward; raised;
uplifted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His piercing eyes, <i>erect</i>, appear to view<BR>
Superior worlds, and look all nature through.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bold; confident; free from depression;
undismayed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But who is he, by years<BR>
Bowed, but <i>erect</i> in heart?</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Watchful; alert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vigilant and <i>erect</i> attention of
mind.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Standing upright, with
reference to the earth's surface, or to the surface to which it is
attached.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Elevated, as the tips of
wings, heads of serpents, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Erected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Erecting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To raise and place in an
upright or perpendicular position; to set upright; to raise; as, to
<i>erect</i> a pole, a flagstaff, a monument, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise, as a building; to build; to
construct; as, to <i>erect</i> a house or a fort; to set up; to put
together the component parts of, as of a machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lift up; to elevate; to exalt; to
magnify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That didst his state above his hopes
<i>erect</i>.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I, who am a party, am not to <i>erect</i> myself into
a judge.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To animate; to encourage; to
cheer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It raiseth the dropping spirit, <i>erecting</i> it to
a loving complaisance.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To set up as an assertion or consequence
from premises, or the like.</def> "To <i>erect</i> conclusions."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i> "Malebranche <i>erects</i> this proposition."
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To set up or establish; to found; to form;
to institute.</def> "To <i>erect</i> a new commonwealth."
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Erecting shop</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a place where
large machines, as engines, are put together and adjusted.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To set up; raise; elevate; construct; build;
institute; establish; found.</p>

<p><hw>E*rect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rise
upright.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By wet, stalks do <i>erect</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*rect"a*ble</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being erected; as, an <i>erectable</i> feather.</def>  <i>Col. G.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*rect"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An erector; one
who raises or builds.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rect"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;rectile</i>.] <def>Capable of being erected; susceptible
of being erected of dilated.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Erectile tissue</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a tissue
which is capable of being greatly dilated and made rigid by the
distension of the numerous blood vessels which it contains.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E`rec*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being erectile.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>erectio</i>:
cf. F. <i>&eacute;rection</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
erecting, or raising upright; the act of constructing, as a building
or a wall, or of fitting together the parts of, as a machine; the act
of founding or establishing, as a commonwealth or an office; also,
the act of rousing to excitement or courage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being erected, lifted up,
built, established, or founded; exaltation of feelings or
purposes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her peerless height my mind to high <i>erection</i>
draws up.</blockquote> <i>Sidney</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>State of being stretched to stiffness;
tension.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything erected; a building of any
kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The state of a part
which, from having been soft, has become hard and swollen by the
accumulation of blood in the erectile tissue.</def></p>

<p><! p. 507 !></p>

<p><hw>E*rect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making erect or
upright; raising; tending to erect.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rect"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an erect manner
or posture.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rect"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Uprightness of
posture or form.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rec"to-pat"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a position intermediate
between erect and patent, or spreading.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Standing partially
spread and erect; -- said of the wings of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rec"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, erects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which raises any
part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An attachment to a
microscope, telescope, or other optical instrument, for making the
image erect instead of inverted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ere`long"</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Before
the &?;apse of a long time; soon; -- usually separated, <i>ere
long</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man, . . . following the stag, <i>erelong</i> slew
him.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The world, <i>erelong</i>, a world of tears must
weep.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Er`e*ma*cau"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; quietly + &?; burning, fr. &?; to burn.] <def>A gradual oxidation
from exposure to air and moisture, as in the decay of old trees or of
dead animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"e*mit*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hermitage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"e*mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hermit</u>.]
<def>A hermit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art my heaven, and I thy
<i>eremite</i>.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Er`e*mit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Er`e*mit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to an eremite; hermitical;
living in solitude.</def> "An <i>eremitical</i> life in the woods."
<i>Fuller.</i> "The <i>eremitic</i> instinct."  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"e*mi`tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Eremitic.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"e*mit*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
a hermit; a living in seclusion from social life.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`rep*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>erepere</i> to creep out; <i>e</i> out + <i>repere</i> to creep.]
<def>A creeping forth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*rep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ereptio</i>,
fr. <i>eripere</i> to snatch away; <i>e</i> out + <i>rapere</i> to
snatch.] <def>A snatching away.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"e*thism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; irritation,
fr. &?; to stir, rouse, fr. &?; to stir: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;r&eacute;thisme</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid degree
of excitement or irritation in an organ.</def>  <i>Hoblyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er`e*this"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
irritating.] <def>Relating to erethism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ere`while"</hw> (?), <hw>Ere`whiles"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Some time ago; a little while before;
heretofore.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am as fair now as I was
<i>erewhile</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Erf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Erven</b></plw> (#). [D.] <def>A garden plot, usually about
half an acre.</def> [Cape Colony]</p>

<p><hw>Erg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; work.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>The unit of work or energy in the C. G. S.
system, being the amount of work done by a dyne working through a
distance of one centimeter; the amount of energy expended in moving a
body one centimeter against a force of one dyne. One foot pound is
equal to 13,560,000 ergs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"gat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>ergo</i>
therefore.] <def>To deduce logically, as conclusions.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hewyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Er"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj. or adv.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Therefore; consequently; -- often used in a jocular way.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"got</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ergot</i>,
<i>argot</i>, lit., a spur.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A diseased
condition of rye and other cereals, in which the grains become black,
and often spur-shaped. It is caused by a parasitic fungus,
<i>Claviceps purpurea</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mycelium or spawn of this fungus
infecting grains of rye and wheat. It is a powerful remedial agent,
and also a dangerous poison, and is used as a means of hastening
childbirth, and to arrest bleeding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A stub, like soft horn,
about the size of a chestnut, situated behind and below the pastern
joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See 2d <u>Calcar</u>, 3
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er*got"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or derived from, ergot; as, <i>ergotic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"go*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
extract made from ergot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"go*tine</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A powerful astringent
alkaloid extracted from ergot as a brown, amorphous, bitter
substance. It is used to produce contraction of the uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"go*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ergotisme</i>, fr. L. <i>ergo</i>.] <def>A logical
deduction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"got*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Ergot</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; cf. F. <i>ergotisme</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
diseased condition produced by eating rye affected with the ergot
fungus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"got*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
the ergot fungus; as, <i>ergotized</i> rye.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Er"i*ach</hw> (?), <hw>Er"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>eiric</i>.] <i>(Old Irish Law)</i>
<def>A recompense formerly given by a murderer to the relatives of
the murdered person.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ri"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>erice</i> heath, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubby
plants, including the heaths, many of them producing beautiful
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`i*ca"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Belonging to the Heath family, or resembling plants of that
family; consisting of heats.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ric"i*nol</hw> (&esl;*r&ibreve;s"&ibreve;*n&omacr;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>eric</i>aceae the Heath family + L.
<i>oleum</i> oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless oil (quickly
becoming brown), with a pleasant odor, obtained by the decomposition
of ericolin.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ri"ci*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a hedgehog.]
<def>The Vulgate rendering of the Hebrew word <i>qip&omacr;d</i>,
which in the "Authorized Version" is translated bittern, and in the
Revised Version, porcupine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will make it [Babylon] a possession for the
<i>ericius</i> and pools of waters.</blockquote> <i>Is. xiv. 23
(Douay version).</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ric"o*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A glucoside found in the bearberry (and others of the
<i>Ericace&aelig;</i>), and extracted as a bitter, yellow, amorphous
mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rid"a*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
the Greek name of the River Po.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A long, winding
constellation extending southward from Taurus and containing the
bright star Achernar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"i*gi*ble</hw> (&ebreve;r"&ibreve;*j&ibreve;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Erect</u>.] <def>Capable of being
erected.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E"rin</hw> (&emacr;"r&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir.
Cf. <u>Aryan</u>.] <def>An early, and now a poetic, name of
Ireland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`i*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>erinaceus</i> hedgehog.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of the Hedgehog
family; like, or characteristic of, a hedgehog.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rin"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The sea holly.
See <u>Eryngo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"i*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
hydrous arseniate of copper, of an emerald-green color; -- so called
from <i>Erin</i>, or Ireland, where it occurs.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rin"ys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Erinyes</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Class.
Myth.)</i> <def>An avenging deity; one of the Furies; sometimes,
conscience personified.</def> [Written also <i>Erinnys</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>E`ri*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wool +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring the
diameters of minute particles or fibers, from the size of the colored
rings produced by the diffraction of the light in which the objects
are viewed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*ris"ta*lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of dipterous insects whose young
(called <i>rat-tailed larv&aelig;</i>) are remarkable for their long
tapering tail, which spiracles at the tip, and for their ability to
live in very impure and salt waters; -- also called <i>drone
fly</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*ris"tic</hw> (?), <hw>E*ris"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to strive, wrangle, &?;
strife.] <def>Controversial.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>A specimen of admirable special pleading in the court
of <i>eristic</i> logic.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Erke</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Irk</u>.]
<def>Slothful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Erl"king`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>erlk&ouml;nig</i>, fr. Dan. <i>ellekonge</i> elfking.] <def>A
personification, in German and Scandinavian mythology, of a spirit or
natural power supposed to work mischief and ruin, esp. to
children.</def></p>

<p><hw>Erme</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ermen</i>, AS.
<i>yrman</i>.  Cf. <u>Yearn</u>.] <def>To grieve; to feel sad.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Er"me*lin</hw> (?), <hw>Er"mi*lin</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Ermine</u>.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>Ermin</i>, L.
<i>Armenius</i>.] <def>An Armenian.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>ermine</i>, F.
<i>hermine</i>, prob. of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>harmo</i>, G.
<i>hermelin</i>, akin to Lith. <i>szarm&?;</i>, <i>szarmonys</i>,
weasel, cf. AS. <i>hearma</i>; but cf. also LL. <i>armelinus</i>,
<i>armellina</i>, <i>hermellina</i>, and <i>pellis Armenia</i>, the
fur of the <i>Armenian</i> rat, mus <i>Armenius</i>, the animal being
found also in <i>Armenia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A valuable fur-bearing animal of the genus Mustela (<i>M.
erminea</i>), allied to the weasel; the stoat. It is found in the
northern parts of Asia, Europe, and America. In summer it is brown,
but in winter it becomes white, except the tip of the tail, which is
always black.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fur of the ermine, as prepared for
ornamenting garments of royalty, etc., by having the tips of the
tails, which are black, arranged at regular intervals throughout the
white.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>By metonymy, the office or functions of a
judge, whose state robe, lined with ermine, is emblematical of purity
and honor without stain.</def>  <i>Chatham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of the furs. See
<u>Fur</u> <i>(Her.)</i></def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ermine</i> is represented by an argent field, tufted
with black. <i>Ermines</i> is the reverse of ermine, being black,
spotted or timbered with argent. <i>Erminois</i> is the same as
ermine, except that <i>or</i> is substituted for <i>argent</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Ermine moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a white
moth with black spots (esp. <i>Yponomeuta padella</i> of Europe); --
so called on account of the resemblance of its covering to the fur of
the ermine; also applied to certain white bombycid moths of
America.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Er"mine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clothe with, or
as with, ermine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The snows that have <i>ermined</i> it in the
winter.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"mined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clothed or
adorned with the fur of the ermine.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"mines</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Er"min*ois</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>See Note under
<u>Ermine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"mit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hermit</u>.]
<def>A hermit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ern</hw>, <hw>Erne</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>earn</i> eagle; akin to D. <i>arend</i>, OHG. <i>aro</i>, G.
<i>aar</i>, Icel., Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>&ouml;rn</i>, Goth. <i>ara</i>, and
to Gr. &?; bird. &radic;11.  Cf. <u>Ornithology</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea eagle, esp. the European white-tailed
sea eagle (<i>Hali&aelig;etus albicilla</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Erme</u>.]
<def>To stir with strong emotion; to grieve; to mourn. [Corrupted
into <i>yearn</i> in modern editions of Shakespeare.]</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Er"nest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Earnest</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"nest*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Earnest</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Serious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*rode"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Eroded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Eroding</u>.] [L. <i>erodere</i>, <i>erosum</i>; <i>e</i> out +
<i>rodere</i> to gnaw. See <u>Rodent</u>.] <def>To eat into or away;
to corrode; as, canker <i>erodes</i> the flesh.</def> "The blood . .
. <i>erodes</i> the vessels."  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The smaller charge is more apt to . . . <i>erode</i>
the gun.</blockquote> <i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*rod"ed</hw>, <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Eaten away; gnawed; irregular, as if eaten or worn
away.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the edge worn away so
as to be jagged or irregularly toothed.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rod"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>erodens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>erodere</i>. See <u>Erode</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine which eats away extraneous growths; a
caustic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"o*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Erogated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Erogating</u> (?).] [L. <i>erogatus</i>, p. p. of <i>erogare</i>;
<i>e</i> out + <i>rogare</i> to ask.] <def>To lay out, as money; to
deal out; to expend.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Er`o*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>erogatio</i>.] <def>The act of giving out or bestowing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>||E"ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; love,
&?; (personified) Eros, fr. &?; to love.] <i>(Greek Myth.)</i>
<def>Love; the god of love; -- by earlier writers represented as one
of the first and creative gods, by later writers as the son of
Aphrodite, equivalent to the Latin god Cupid.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>erosus</i>, p.
p. See <u>Erode</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Irregular or uneven as
if eaten or worn away.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Jagged or irregularly
toothed, as if nibbled out or gnawed.</def> -- <wf>E*rose"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E*ro"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>erosio</i>.
See <u>Erode</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or operation of
eroding or eating away.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being eaten away; corrosion;
canker.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ro"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That erodes or
gradually eats away; tending to erode; corrosive.</def>
<i>Humble.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ros"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-</i>
out + <i>rostrate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Without a beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"o*teme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; question.]
<def>A mark indicating a question; a note of interrogation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Er`o*te"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a questioning, fr. &?; to ask.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure of
speech by which a strong affirmation of the contrary, is implied
under the form of an earnest interrogation, as in the following
lines; -</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Must I give way and room to your rash choler?<BR>
Shall I be frighted when a madman stares?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*rot"ic</hw> (?), <hw>E*rot"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>&eacute;rotique</i>. See
<u>Eros</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the passion of love; treating
of love; amatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rot"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An amorous
composition or poem.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rot"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Erotic
quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`pe*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Herpetologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`pe*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>erp&eacute;tologie</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Herpetology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Err</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Erred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Erring</u> (?; 277, 85).] [F. <i>errer</i>, L. <i>errare</i>; akin
to G. <i>irren</i>, OHG. <i>irran</i>, v. t., <i>irr&?;n</i>, v. i.,
OS. <i>irrien</i>, Sw. <i>irra</i>, Dan. <i>irre</i>, Goth,
<i>a&iacute;rzjan</i> to lead astray, <i>airzise</i> astray.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wander; to roam; to stray.</def> [Archaic]
"Why wilt thou <i>err</i> from me?"  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What seemeth to you, if there were to a man an hundred
sheep and one of them hath <i>erred</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif
(Matt. xviii. 12).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deviate from the true course; to miss
the thing aimed at.</def> "My jealous aim might <i>err</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To miss intellectual truth; to fall into
error; to mistake in judgment or opinion; to be mistaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man may <i>err</i> in his judgment of
circumstances.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To deviate morally from the right way; to
go astray, in a figurative sense; to do wrong; to sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do they not <i>err</i> that devise evil?</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xiv. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To offend, as by erring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to error;
fallible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"ra*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Liability to
error.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"ra*bund</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>errabundus</i>.] <def>Erratic.</def> "<i>Errabund</i> guesses."
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"ran*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>errantia</i>.]
<def>A wandering; state of being in error.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"rand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>erende</i>,
<i>erande</i>, message, business, AS. <i>&aelig;rende</i>,
<i>&aelig;rend</i>; akin to OS. <i>arundi</i>, OHG. <i>arunti</i>,
Icel. <i>eyrendi</i>, <i>&ouml;rendi</i>, <i>erendi</i>, Sw.
<i>&auml;rende</i>, Dan. <i>&aelig;rende</i>; perh. akin to AS.
<i>earu</i> swift, Icel. <i>&ouml;rr</i>, and to L. <i>oriri</i> to
rise, E. <i>orient</i>.] <def>A special business intrusted to a
messenger; something to be told or done by one sent somewhere for the
purpose; often, a verbal message; a commission; as, the servant was
sent on an <i>errand</i>; to do an <i>errand</i>. Also, one's purpose
in going anywhere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a secret <i>errand</i> to thee, O
king.</blockquote> <i>Judg. iii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not eat till I have told mine
<i>errand</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxiv. 33.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>errant</i>, p.
pr. fr. OF. <i>errer</i> to travel, LL. <i>iterare</i>, fr. L.
<i>iter</i> journey; confused somewhat with L. <i>errare</i> to err.
See <u>Eyre</u>, and cf. <u>Arrant</u>, <u>Itinerant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wandering; deviating from an appointed
course, or from a direct path; roving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seven planets or <i>errant</i> stars in the lower orbs
of heaven.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Notorious; notoriously bad; downright;
arrant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Would make me an <i>errant</i> fool.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>Journeying; itinerant; -
- formerly applied to judges who went on circuit and to bailiffs at
large.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"rant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wanders
about.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Er*ran"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>errare</i> to wander. See <u>Err</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
group of ch&aelig;topod annelids, including those that are not
confined to tubes. See <u>Ch&aelig;topoda</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>Errantes</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Er"rant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A wandering; a roving; esp., a roving in quest of
adventures.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The employment of a knight-errant.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Er*ra"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Erratum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er*rat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>erraticus</i>,
fr. <i>errare</i> to wander: cf. F. <i>erratique</i>. See
<u>Err</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having no certain course; roving
about without a fixed destination; wandering; moving; -- hence,
applied to the planets as distinguished from the fixed
stars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth and each <i>erratic</i> world.</blockquote>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deviating from a wise of the common course
in opinion or conduct; eccentric; strange; queer; as, <i>erratic</i>
conduct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Irregular; changeable.</def>
"<i>Erratic</i> fever."  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Erratic blocks</b></col>, <col><b>gravel, etc.</b></col>
<i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>masses of stone which have been transported from
their original resting places by the agency of water, ice, or other
causes.</cd> -- <col><b>Erratic phenomena</b></col>, <cd>the
phenomena which relate to transported materials on the earth's
surface.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Er*rat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who deviates from common and accepted opinions; one who is
eccentric or preserve in his intellectual character.</def></p>

<p><! p. 508 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rogue.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Any stone or material that
has been borne away from its original site by natural agencies; esp.,
a large block or fragment of rock; a bowlder.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the plural the term is applied especially to the loose
gravel and stones on the earth's surface, including what is called
<i>drift</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Er*rat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Erratic.</def> -- <wf>Er*rat"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Er*rat"ic*al*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Er*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>erratio</i>.
See <u>Err</u>.] <def>A wandering; a roving about.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Er*ra"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Errata</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. <i>errare</i>, <i>erratum</i>,
to wander, err. See <u>Err</u>.] <def>An error or mistake in writing
or printing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A single <i>erratum</i> may knock out the brains of a
whole passage.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"rhine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; in +
&?;, &?;, nose: cf. F. <i>errhin</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine
designed to be snuffed up the nose, to promote discharges of mucus; a
sternutatory.</def> <i>Coxe.</i> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
or increasing secretion of nasal mucus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er*ro"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>erroneus</i>, fr. <i>errare</i> to err. See <u>Err</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wandering; straying; deviating from the right
course; -- hence, irregular; unnatural.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Erroneous</i> circulation."  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Stopped much of the <i>erroneous</i> light, which
otherwise would have disturbed the vision.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Misleading; misled; mistaking.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>erroneous</i> conscience commands us to do what
we ought to omit.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Containing error; not conformed to truth
or justice; incorrect; false; mistaken; as, an <i>erroneous</i>
doctrine; <i>erroneous</i> opinion, observation, deduction, view,
etc.</def> -- <wf>Er*ro"ne*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Er*ro"ne*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Er"ror</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>error</i>,
<i>errur</i>, F. <i>erreur</i>, L. <i>error</i>, fr. <i>errare</i> to
err. See <u>Err</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wandering; a roving
or irregular course.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The rest of his journey, his <i>error</i> by
sea.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wandering or deviation from the right
course or standard; irregularity; mistake; inaccuracy; something made
wrong or left wrong; as, an <i>error</i> in writing or in printing; a
clerical <i>error</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A departing or deviation from the truth;
falsity; false notion; wrong opinion; mistake;
misapprehension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>H&?; judgment was often in <i>error</i>, though his
candor remained unimpaired.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A moral offense; violation of duty; a sin
or transgression; iniquity; fault.</def>  <i>Ps. xix. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The difference between the
approximate result and the true result; -- used particularly in the
rule of double position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mensuration)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The difference between an observed value and the true value of a
quantity.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The difference between the
observed value of a quantity and that which is taken or computed to
be the true value; -- sometimes called <i>residual
error</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law.)</i> <def>A mistake in the proceedings
of a court of record in matters of law or of fact.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>A fault of a player of
the side in the field which results in failure to put out a player on
the other side, or gives him an unearned base.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Law of error</b></col>, or <col><b>Law of frequency of
error</b></col> <i>(Mensuration)</i>, <cd>the law which expresses the
relation between the magnitude of an error and the frequency with
which that error will be committed in making a large number of
careful measurements of a quantity.</cd> -- <col><b>Probable
error</b></col>. <i>(Mensuration)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Probable</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Writ of error</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an original writ, which lies after judgment in an
action at law, in a court of record, to correct some alleged error in
the proceedings, or in the judgment of the court.</cd>  <i>Bouvier.
Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mistake; fault; blunder; failure; fallacy;
delusion; hallucination; sin. See <u>Blunder</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Er"ror*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of error;
wrong.</def>  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"ror*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who encourages
and propagates error; one who holds to error.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ers</hw> (&etilde;rs), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>ervum</i> a kind of pulse, bitter vetch.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
bitter vetch (<i>Ervum Ervilia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Erse</hw> (&etilde;rs), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A modification
of <i>Irish</i>, OE. <i>Irishe</i>.] <def>A name sometimes given to
that dialect of the Celtic which is spoken in the Highlands of
Scotland; -- called, by the Highlanders, <i>Gaelic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Erse</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Celtic race in the Highlands of Scotland, or to their
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ersh</hw> (&etilde;rsh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Arrish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Erst</hw> (&etilde;rst), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Orig.
superlative of <i>ere</i>; AS. <i>&aemacr;rest</i>. See <u>Ere</u>.]
[Archaic] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>First.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Previously; before; formerly;
heretofore.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tityrus, with whose style he had <i>erst</i>
disclaimed all ambition to match his pastoral pipe.</blockquote>
<i>A. W. Ward.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At erst</b></col>, <cd>at first; at the beginning.</cd> --
<col><b>Now at erst</b></col>, <cd>at this present time.</cd>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Erst`while"</hw> (-hw&imacr;l"), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Till then or now; heretofore; formerly.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Er`u*bes"cence</hw> (?; 135), <hw>Er`u*bes"cen*cy</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>erubescentia</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;rubescence</i>.] <def>The act of becoming red; redness of
the skin or surface of anything; a blushing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`u*bes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>erubescens</i>, p. pr. <i>erubescere</i> to grow red; <i>e</i> out
+ <i>rubescere</i>. See <u>Rubescent</u>.] <def>Red, or reddish;
blushing.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er`u*bes"cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Bornite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*ru"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Eruc&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a caterpillar, also, a sort
of colewort.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect in the larval state;
a caterpillar; a larva.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ru"cic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, a genus of cruciferous
Mediterranean herbs (<i>Eruca</i> or <i>Brassica</i>); as,
<i>erucic</i> acid, a fatty acid resembling oleic acid, and found in
colza oil, mustard oil, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ru"ci*from</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Eruca</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the form of a
caterpillar; -- said of insect larv&aelig;.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*ruct"</hw> (?), <hw>E*ruc"tate</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [L. <i>eructare</i>; <i>e</i> out + <i>ructare</i> to
belch: cf. F. <i>&eacute;ructer</i>.] <def>To eject, as wind, from
the stomach; to belch.</def> [R.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er`uc*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eructatio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;ructation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of belching wind from the stomach; a
belch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A violent belching out or emitting, as of
gaseous or other matter from the crater of a volcano, geyser,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ru"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>erudire</i>.] <def>To instruct; to educate; to teach.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The skillful goddess there <i>erudiates</i> these<BR>
In all she did.</blockquote> <i>Fanshawe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Er"u*dite</hw> (&ebreve;r"&usl;*d&imacr;t; 135),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>eruditus</i>, p. p. of <i>erudire</i> to
free from rudeness, to polish, instruct; <i>e</i> out + <i>rudis</i>
rude: cf. F. <i>&eacute;rudit</i>. See <u>Rude</u>.]
<def>Characterized by extensive reading or knowledge; well
instructed; learned.</def> "A most <i>erudite</i> prince." <i>Sir T.
More.</i> "<i>Erudite</i> . . . theology." <i>I. Taylor.</i> --
<wf>Er"u*dite`ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Er"u*dite`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Er`u*di"tion</hw> (-d&ibreve;sh"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>eruditio</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;rudition</i>.] <def>The act of instructing; the result of
thorough instruction; the state of being erudite or learned; the
acquisitions gained by extensive reading or study; particularly,
learning in literature or criticism, as distinct from the sciences;
scholarship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The management of a young lady's person is not be
overlooked, but the <i>erudition</i> of her mind is much more to be
regarded.</blockquote> <i>Steele.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gay young gentleman whose <i>erudition</i> sat so
easily upon him.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Literature; learning. See <u>Literature</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Er"u*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>erugatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>erugare</i> to smooth; <i>e</i> out + <i>ruga</i>
wrinkle.] <def>Freed from wrinkles; smooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ru"gi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;rugineux</i>. See <u>&AElig;ruginous</u>.] <def>Partaking
of the substance or nature of copper, or of the rust copper;
resembling the trust of copper or verdigris;
&aelig;ruginous.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rum"pent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>erumpens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>erumpere</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Breaking out; -- said of certain fungi which burst through the
texture of leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rupt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Eruption</u>.] <def>To cause to burst forth; to eject; as, to
<i>erupt</i> lava.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*rup"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>eruptio</i>,
fr. <i>erumpere</i>, <i>eruptum</i>, to break out; <i>e</i> out +
<i>rumpere</i>, to break: cf. F. <i>&eacute;ruption</i>. See
<u>Rupture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of breaking out or
bursting forth; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A violent throwing out of
flames, lava, etc., as from a volcano of a fissure in the earth's
crust. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A sudden and overwhelming hostile movement
of armed men from one country to another. <i>Milton.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A violent commotion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All Paris was quiet . . . to gather fresh strength for
the next day's <i>eruption</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which bursts forth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A violent exclamation;
ejaculation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would . . . break out into bitter and passionate
<i>eruditions</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The breaking out of pimples,
or an efflorescence, as in measles, scarlatina, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rup"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Eruptive.</def> [R.]  <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*rup"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;ruptif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Breaking out or
bursting forth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sudden glance<BR>
Appears far south <i>eruptive</i> through the cloud.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Attended with eruption or
efflorescence, or producing it; as, an <i>eruptive</i>
fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Produced by eruption; as,
<i>eruptive</i> rocks, such as the igneous or volcanic.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rup"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An
eruptive rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*ryn"gi*um</hw> (&esl;*r&ibreve;n"j&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'hry`ggion</grk>, dim. of
<grk>'h`ryggos</grk> eryngo; cf. L. <i>eryngion</i>, <i>erynge</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of umbelliferous plants somewhat like
thistles in appearance. <i>Eryngium maritimum</i>, or sea holly, has
been highly esteemed as an aphrodisiac, the roots being formerly
candied.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ryn"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the genus Eryngium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`y*sip"e*las</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>'erysi`pelas</grk>; <grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red + <grk>pe`lla</grk>
hide, skin. See <u>Red</u>, and <u>Pell</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>St. Anthony's fire; a febrile disease accompanied
with a diffused inflammation of the skin, which, starting usually
from a single point, spreads gradually over its surface. It is
usually regarded as contagious, and often occurs
epidemically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`y*si*pel"a*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'erysi`pelas</grk> erysipelas + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling
erysipelas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`y*si*pel"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;rysip&eacute;lateux</i>.] <def>Resembling erysipelas, or
partaking of its nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`y*sip"e*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Erysipelatous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Er`y*the"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to redden, fr. <grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A disease of the skin, in which a diffused inflammation forms
rose-colored patches of variable size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`y*the*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;ryth&eacute;matique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Characterized
by, or causing, a morbid redness of the skin; relating to
erythema.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`y*them"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Relating to, or causing, erythema.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Er`y*thre"an</hw>, <hw>Er`y*thr&aelig;"an</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>erythraeus</i>; Gr. &?;, fr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red.] <def>Red in color.</def> "The
<i>erythrean</i> main."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ryth"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, erythrin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*ryth"rin</hw>, <hw>E*ryth"rine</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless crystalline
substance, C<sub>20</sub>H<sub>22</sub>O<sub>10</sub>, extracted from
certain lichens, as the various species of <i>Rocella</i>. It is a
derivative of orsellinic acid. So called because of certain red
compounds derived from it. Called also <i>erythric</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See <u>Erythrite</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Er`y*thri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of leguminous
plants growing in the tropics; coral tree; -- so called from its red
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ryth"rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red: cf. F. <i>&eacute;rythrisme</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A condition of excessive redness. See
<u>Erythrochroism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ryth"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
colorless crystalline substance,
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>6</sub>.(OH)<sub>4</sub>, of a sweet, cooling
taste, extracted from certain lichens, and obtained by the
decomposition of <i>erythrin</i>; -- called also <i>erythrol</i>,
<i>erythroglucin</i>, <i>erythromannite</i>, <i>pseudorcin</i>,
<i>cobalt bloom</i>, and under the name <i>phycite</i> obtained from
the alga <i>Protococcus vulgaris</i>. It is a tetrabasic alcohol,
corresponding to glycol and glycerin.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A rose-red mineral,
crystallized and earthy, a hydrous arseniate of cobalt, known also as
<i>cobalt bloom</i>; -- called also <i>erythrin</i> or
<i>erythrine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ryth`ro*chro"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having, or subject to,
erythrochroism.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ryth"ro*chro*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red + &?; color.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
unusual redness, esp. in the plumage of birds, or hair of mammals,
independently of age, sex, or season.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ryth`ro*dex"trin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red + E. <i>dextrin</i>.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A dextrin which gives a red color with iodine. See
<u>Dextrin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ryth"ro*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Carbon disulphide; -- so called from certain
red compounds which it produces in combination with other
substances.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A substance reddened by
acids, which is supposed to be contained in flowers.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A crystalline substance obtained from
diseased bile, which becomes blood-red when acted on by nitric acid
or ammonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ryth`ro*gran"u*lose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red + E. <i>granulose</i>.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A term applied by Br&uuml;cke to a substance present
in small amount in starch granules, colored red by iodine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"y*throid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red + <i>-oid</i>: cf. Gr. &?;.] <def>Of a red
color; reddish; as, the <i>erythroid</i> tunic (the cremaster
muscle).</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`y*thro"le*ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red + L. <i>oleum</i> oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Having a red color and oily appearance; -- applied to a purple
semifluid substance said to be obtained from archil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er`y*thro"le*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Erythroleic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A red substance obtained
from litmus.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ryth`ro*lit"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red + E. <i>litmus</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Erythrolein.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Er`y*thro"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; a kind of plant, fr. <grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A name originally given (from its <i>red</i>
acid) to the metal vanadium.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*ryth`ro*phle"ine</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline alkaloid, extracted from
sassy bark (<i>Erythrophleum Guineense</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*ryth"ro*phyll</hw> (?), <hw>Er`y*throph"yl*lin</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red + &?; leaf.]
<i>(Physiol. Bot.)</i> <def>The red coloring matter of leaves,
fruits, flowers, etc., in distinction from chlorophyll.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ryth"ro*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
red substance formed by the oxidation of tyrosin.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A red dyestuff obtained from
fluoresce&iuml;n by the action of iodine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Er`y*throx"y*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red + &?; wood. So named from the red wood
of some species.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs or small trees
of the Flax family, growing in tropical countries. <i>E. Coca</i> is
the source of cocaine. See <u>Coca</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ryth"ro*zyme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk> red + &?; leaven.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>A ferment extracted from madder root, possessing the power of
inducing alcoholic fermentation in solutions of sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`ca*lade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., Sp.
<i>escalada</i> (cf. It. <i>scalata</i>), fr. Sp. <i>escalar</i> to
scale, LL. <i>scalare</i>, fr. L. <i>scala</i> ladder. See
<u>Scale</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A furious
attack made by troops on a fortified place, in which ladders are used
to pass a ditch or mount a rampart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sin enters, not by <i>escalade</i>, but by cunning or
treachery.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es`ca*lade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Escaladed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Escalading</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To mount and pass or enter by
means of ladders; to scale; as, to <i>escalate</i> a wall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*cal"lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Escalop</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*cal"loped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Escaloped</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*cal"op</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escalope</i> shell, F. <i>escalope</i> a sort of cut of meat. See
<u>Scallop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
bivalve shell of the genus <i>Pecten</i>. See
<u>Scallop</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A regular, curving indenture in the margin
of anything. See <u>Scallop</u>.</def> "So many jags or
<i>escalops</i>."  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The figure or shell of
an escalop, considered as a sign that the bearer had been on a
pilgrimage to the Holy Land.</def> Hence: <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A bearing or a charge consisting of an escalop
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*cal"oped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cut or marked in the form of an escalop; scalloped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Covered with a pattern
resembling a series of escalop shells, each of which issues from
between two others. Its appearance is that of a surface covered with
scales.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Escaloped oysters</b></col> <i>(Cookery)</i>. <cd>See
under <u>Scalloped</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Es*cam"bi*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>escambium</i>, <i>excambium</i>. See <u>Excamb</u>.] <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <def>A license formerly required for the making over a bill
of exchange to another over sea.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*cap"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Avoidable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`ca*pade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp.
<i>escapada</i> escape, fr. <i>escapar</i> to escape; or F., fr. It.
<i>scappata</i> escape, escapade, fr. <i>scappare</i> to escape. see
<u>Escape</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fling of a horse, or
ordinary kicking back of his heels; a gambol.</def></p>

<p><! p. 509 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Act by which one breaks loose from the
rules of propriety or good sense; a freak; a prank.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*cape"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Escaped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Escaping</u>.] [OE. <i>escapen</i>, <i>eschapen</i>, OF.
<i>escaper</i>, <i>eschaper</i>, F. <i>echapper</i>, fr. LL. <i>ex
cappa</i> out of one's cape or cloak; hence, to slip out of one's
cape and escape. See 3d <u>Cape</u>, and cf. <u>Scape</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To flee from and avoid;
to be saved or exempt from; to shun; to obtain security from; as, to
<i>escape</i> danger.</def> "Sailors that <i>escaped</i> the wreck."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To avoid the notice of; to pass unobserved
by; to evade; as, the fact <i>escaped</i> our attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>escaped</i> the search of the
enemy.</blockquote> <i>Ludlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*cape"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To flee, and become secure from danger; -- often followed by
<i>from</i> or <i>out of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Haste, for thy life <i>escape</i>, nor look
behind&?;&?;</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To get clear from danger or evil of any
form; to be passed without harm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such heretics . . . would have been thought fortunate,
if they <i>escaped</i> with life.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To get free from that which confines or
holds; -- used of persons or things; as, to <i>escape</i> from
prison, from arrest, or from slavery; gas <i>escapes</i> from the
pipes; electricity <i>escapes</i> from its conductors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>escape</i> out of these meshes.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*cape"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of fleeing from danger, of evading harm, or of avoiding
notice; deliverance from injury or any evil; flight; as, an
<i>escape</i> in battle; a narrow <i>escape</i>; also, the means of
escape; as, a fire <i>escape</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would hasten my <i>escape</i> from the windy
storm.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lv. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which escapes attention or restraint;
a mistake; an oversight; also, transgression.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I should have been more accurate, and corrected all
those former <i>escapes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sally.</def> "Thousand <i>escapes</i> of
wit."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The unlawful permission, by a
jailer or other custodian, of a prisoner's departure from
custody.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Escape</i> is technically distinguishable from <i>prison
breach</i>, which is the unlawful departure of the prisoner from
custody, <i>escape</i> being the permission of the departure by the
custodian, either by connivance or negligence. The term
<i>escape</i>, however, is applied by some of the old authorities to
a departure from custody by stratagem, or without force.
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An apophyge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Leakage or outflow, as of steam or a
liquid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Leakage or loss of currents
from the conducting wires, caused by defective insulation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Escape pipe</b></col> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i>, <cd>a pipe
for carrying away steam that escapes through a safety valve.</cd> --
<col><b>Escape valve</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a relief
valve; a safety valve. See under <u>Relief</u>, and
<u>Safety</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Escape wheel</b></col>
<i>(Horol.)</i>, <cd>the wheel of an escapement.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Es*cape"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;chappement</i>. See <u>Escape</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of escaping; escape.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Way of escape; vent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>escapement</i> for youthful high
spirits.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The contrivance in a timepiece which
connects the train of wheel work with the pendulum or balance, giving
to the latter the impulse by which it is kept in vibration; -- so
called because it allows a tooth to <i>escape</i> from a pallet at
each vibration.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Escapements</i> are of several kinds, as the
<i>vertical</i>, or <i>verge</i>, or <i>crown</i>, <i>escapement</i>,
formerly used in watches, in which two pallets on the balance arbor
engage with a crown wheel; the <i>anchor escapement</i>, in which an
anchor-shaped piece carries the pallets; -- used in common clocks
(both are called <i>recoil escapements</i>, from the recoil of the
escape wheel at each vibration); the <i>cylinder escapement</i>,
having an open-sided hollow cylinder on the balance arbor to control
the escape wheel; the <i>duplex escapement</i>, having two sets of
teeth on the wheel; the <i>lever escapement</i>, which is a kind of
<i>detached escapement</i>, because the pallets are on a lever so
arranged that the balance which vibrates it is detached during the
greater part of its vibration and thus swings more freely; the
<i>detent escapement</i>, used in chronometers; the <i>remontoir
escapement</i>, in which the escape wheel is driven by an independent
spring or weight wound up at intervals by the clock train, --
sometimes used in astronomical clocks. When the shape of an escape-
wheel tooth is such that it falls dead on the pallet without recoil,
it forms a <i>deadbeat escapement</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Es*cap"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
escapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*car"bun*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escarbuncle</i>, F. <i>escaboucle</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>See
<u>Carbuncle</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*car`ga*toire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>escargoti&egrave;re</i>, fr. <i>escargot</i> snail.] <def>A
nursery of snails.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*carp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>escarpe</i>
(cf. Sp. <i>escarpa</i>, It. <i>scarpa</i>), fr. <i>escarper</i> to
cut steep, cut to a slope, prob. of German origin: cf. G.
<i>scharf</i> sharp,, E. <i>sharp</i>, or perh. <i>scrape</i>.]
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The side of the ditch next the parapet; -- same
as <i>scarp</i>, and opposed to <i>counterscarp</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*carp"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Escarped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Escarping</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To make into, or furnish with,
a steep slope, like that of a scrap.</def>  <i>Carleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*carp"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>escarpement</i>.] <def>A steep descent or declivity; steep face or
edge of a ridge; ground about a fortified place, cut away nearly
vertically to prevent hostile approach. See <u>Scarp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-es"cent</hw> (?). [From the ending <i>-escens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, of the p. pr. of inchoative verbs in Latin.] <def>A suffix
signifying <i>beginning</i>, <i>beginning to be</i>; as,
adol<i>escent</i>, efferv<i>escent</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Esch`a*lot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Shallot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"char</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>eschara</i>, Gr.
&?;: cf. F. <i>eschare</i>.  See <u>Scar</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
dry slough, crust, or scab, which separates from the healthy part of
the body, as that produced by a burn, or the application of
caustics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"char</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>In Ireland, one of the continuous mounds or ridges of gravelly
and sandy drift which extend for many miles over the surface of the
country. Similar ridges in Scotland are called <i>kames</i> or
<i>kams</i>.</def> [Written also <i>eskar</i> and <i>esker</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Es"cha*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
grate, a pan of coals.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Bryozoa
which produce delicate corals, often incrusting like lichens, but
sometimes branched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"cha*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like, or pertaining to, the genus Eschara, or family
<i>Escharid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`cha*rot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
an eschar: cf. F. <i>escharotique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Serving or
tending to form an eschar; producing a scar; caustic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`cha*rot"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
substance which produces an eschar; a caustic, esp., a mild
caustic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`cha*to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to the last or final things.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`cha*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
furthest, last + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The doctrine of the last or
final things, as death, judgment, and the events therewith
connected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*chaunge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Exchange.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Es*cheat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>eschete</i>,
<i>escheyte</i>, an escheat, fr. OF. <i>escheit</i>, <i>escheoit</i>,
<i>escheeite</i>, <i>esheoite</i>, fr. <i>escheoir</i> (F.
<i>&eacute;choir</i>) to fall to, fall to the lot of; pref. <i>es-
</i> (L. <i>ex</i>) + <i>cheoir</i>, F. <i>choir</i>, to fall, fr. L.
<i>cadere</i>. See <u>Chance</u>, and cf. <u>Cheat</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Feud. &amp;  Eng.
Law)</i> <def>The falling back or reversion of lands, by some
casualty or accident, to the lord of the fee, in consequence of the
extinction of the blood of the tenant, which may happen by his dying
without heirs, and formerly might happen by corruption of blood, that
is, by reason of a felony or attainder.</def> <i>Tomlins.</i>
<i>Blackstone.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(U. S. Law)</i> <def>The
reverting of real property to the State, as original and ultimate
proprietor, by reason of a failure of persons legally entitled to
hold the same.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A distinction is carefully made, by English writers,
between <i>escheat to the lord of the fee</i> and <i>forfeiture to
the crown</i>. But in this country, where the State holds the place
of chief lord of the fee, and is entitled to take alike escheat and
by forfeiture, this distinction is not essential.  <i>Tomlins.
Kent.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A writ, now abolished, to recover
escheats from the   person in possession.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lands which fall to the lord or the State
by escheat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which falls to one; a reversion or
return</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make me great by others' loss is bad
<i>escheat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*cheat"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Esheated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Escheating</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To revert, or become forfeited,
to the lord, the crown, or the State, as lands by the failure of
persons entitled to hold the same, or by forfeiture.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this country it is the general rule that when the title
to land fails by defect of heirs or devisees, it necessarily escheats
to the State; but forfeiture of estate from crime is hardly known in
this country, and corruption of blood is universally abolished.
<i>Kent.</i>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*cheat"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To
forfeit.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*cheat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to
escheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*cheat"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The right
of succeeding to an escheat.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*cheat"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>An officer whose duty it is to observe what escheats have taken
place, and to take charge of them.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"che*vin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>eschevin</i>, a sort of magistrate, alderman, F.
<i>&eacute;chevin</i>.] <def>The alderman or chief officer of an
ancient guild.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Es*chew"</hw> (es*ch&udd;"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Eshewed</u> (-ch&udd;"d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Eshewing</u>.] [OF.
<i>eschever</i>, <i>eschiver</i>, <i>eskiver</i>, F. <i>esquiver</i>,
fr. OHG. <i>sciuhen</i>, G. <i>scheuen</i>; akin to E. <i>sky</i>.
See <u>Shy</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
shun; to avoid, as something wrong, or from a feeling of distaste; to
keep one's self clear of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They must not only <i>eschew</i> evil, but do
good.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Beveridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To escape from; to avoid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He who obeys, destruction shall
<i>eschew</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*chew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
eschews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*chew"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
eschewing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Esch*scholtz"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named
after Dr.  <i>Eschscholtz</i>, a German botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of papaveraceous plants, found in California and upon
the west coast of North America, some species of which produce
beautiful yellow, orange, rose-colored, or white flowers; the
California poppy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"chy*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; shame.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A rare mineral, containing chiefly niobium,
titanium, thorium, and cerium. It was so called by Berzelius on
account of the inability of chemical science, at the time of its
discovery, to separate some of its constituents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*coch"eon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Escutcheon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Es`co*pet"</hw>, <hw>||Es`co*pette"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>escopeta</i>, F. <i>escopette</i>.]
<def>A kind of firearm; a carbine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Es*co"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>See
<u>Escurial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"cort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>escorte</i>, It.
<i>scorta</i> a guard or guide, fr. <i>scorgere</i> to perceive,
discern, lead, fr. L. <i>ex</i> out, quite + <i>corrigere</i> to
correct, set right. See <u>Correct</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
body of armed men to attend a person of distinction for the sake of
affording safety when on a journey; one who conducts some one as an
attendant; a guard, as of prisoners on a march; also, a body of
persons, attending as a mark of respect or honor; -- applied to
movements on land, as <i>convoy</i> is to movements at sea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The troops of my <i>escort</i> marched at the ordinary
rate.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Protection, care, or safeguard on a
journey or excursion; as, to travel under the <i>escort</i> of a
friend.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*cort"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Escorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Escorting</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>escorter</i>, It. <i>scortare</i>. See
<u>Escort</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To attend with a view to
guard and protect; to accompany as safeguard; to give honorable or
ceremonious attendance to; -- used esp. with reference to journeys or
excursions on land; as, to <i>escort</i> a public functionary, or a
lady; to <i>escort</i> a baggage wagon.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To accompany; attend. See <u>Accompany</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Es*cot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.] <def>See
<u>Scot</u>, a tax.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Es*cot"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pay the
reckoning for; to support; to maintain.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Es`couade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Squad</u>,</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*cout"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scout</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*cribed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>e</i> out,
out of + <i>scribere</i> to write.] <def>Drawn outside of; -- used to
designate a circle that touches one of the sides of a given triangle,
and also the other two sides produced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"cript</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.] <def>A
writing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Es`cri*toire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escritoire</i>, F. <i>&eacute;critoire</i>, LL.
<i>scriptorium</i>, fr. L. <i>scriptorius</i> belonging to writing,
fr. <i>sribere</i> to write. See <u>Script</u>, and cf.
<u>Scrutoire</u>.] <def>A piece of furniture used as a writing table,
commonly with drawers, pigeonholes, and the like; a secretary or
writing desk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`cri*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an escritoire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*crod"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Scrod</u>,
a young cod.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Es*crol"</hw>, <hw>Es*croll"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Escrow</u>, <u>Scroll</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A scroll.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A long
strip or scroll resembling a ribbon or a band of parchment, or the
like, anciently placed above the shield, and supporting the
crest.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In modern heraldry, a similar
ribbon on which the motto is inscribed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"crow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escroe</i>,
<i>escroue</i>, a roll of writings, bond. See <u>Scroll</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A deed, bond, or other written engagement,
delivered to a third person, to be held by him till some act is done
or some condition is performed, and then to be by him delivered to
the grantee.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"cu*age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escuage</i>, F. <i>&eacute;cuage</i>, from OF. <i>escu</i> shield,
F. <i>&eacute;cu</i>. See <u>Esquire</u>.] <i>(Feud. Law)</i>
<def>Service of the shield, a species of knight service by which a
tenant was bound to follow his lord to war, at his own charge. It was
afterward exchanged for a pecuniary satisfaction. Called also
<i>scutage</i>.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es`cu*la"pi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>&AElig;sculapian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`cu*la"pi*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>&AElig;sculapius</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"cu*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>esculentus</i>, fr. <i>escare</i> to eat, fr. <i>esca</i> food,
fr. <i>edere</i> to eat: cf. F. <i>esculent</i>. See <u>Eat</u>.]
<def>Suitable to be used by man for food; eatable; edible; as,
<i>esculent</i> plants; <i>esculent</i> fish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Esculent</i> grain for food.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Jones.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Esculent swallow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
swallow which makes the edible bird's-nest. See <i>Edible bird's-
nest</i>, under <u>Edible</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Es"cu*lent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything that is
fit for eating; that which may be safely eaten by man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*cu"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From NL.
<i>Aesculus</i>, the generic name of the horse-chestnut, fr. L.
<i>aesculus</i> a kind of oak.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
obtained from, the horse-chestnut; as, <i>esculic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*cu"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Esculic</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside obtained from the <i>&AElig;sculus
hippocastanum</i>, or horse-chestnut, and characterized by its fine
blue fluorescent solutions.</def> [Written also
<i>&aelig;sculin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Es*cu"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prop. Sp.
<i>escorial</i>, i. e., a hill or heap of rubbish, earth, and stones
brought out of a mine, fr. <i>escoria</i> dross of metal, L.
<i>scoria</i>, fr. Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>Scoria</u>.] <def>A palace and
mausoleum of the kings of Spain, being a vast and wonderful structure
about twenty-five miles northwest of Madrid.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ground plan is said to be in the form of a gridiron,
the structure being designed in honor of St. Lawrence, who suffered
martyrdom by being broiled on a gridiron; but the resemblance is very
slight. It is nearly square, inclosing several courts, and has a
projecting mass which stands for the handle.</p>

<p><hw>Es*cutch"eon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escusson</i>, F. <i>&eacute;cusson</i>, from OF. <i>escu</i>
shield, F. <i>&eacute;cu</i>. See <u>Esquire</u>, <u>Scutcheon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The surface, usually a shield,
upon which bearings are marshaled and displayed. The surface of the
escutcheon is called the <i>field</i>, the upper part is called the
<i>chief</i>, and the lower part the <i>base</i> (see <u>Chiff</u>,
and <u>Field</u>.). That side of the escutcheon which is on the right
hand of the knight who bears the shield on his arm is called
<i>dexter</i>, and the other side <i>sinister</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The two sides of an escutcheon are respectively designated
as <i>dexter</i> and <i>sinister</i>, as in the cut, and the
different parts or points by the following names: <i>A</i>, Dexter
chief point; <i>B</i>, Middle chief point; <i>C</i>, Sinister chief
point; <i>D</i>, Honor or color point; <i>E</i>, Fesse or heart
point; <i>F</i>, Nombrill or navel point; <i>G</i>, Dexter base
point; <i>H</i>, Middle base point; <i>I</i>, base point.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A marking upon the back of a cow's udder
and the space above it (the perineum), formed by the hair growing
upward or outward instead of downward. It is esteemed an index of
milking qualities.</def>  <i>C. L. Flint.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That part of a vessel's
stern on which her name is written.</def>  <i>R. H. Dane, Jr.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A thin metal plate or
shield to protect wood, or for ornament, as the shield around a
keyhole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The depression behind
the beak of certain bivalves; the ligamental area.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Escutcheon of pretense</b></col>, <cd>an escutcheon used
in English heraldry to display the arms of the bearer's wife; -- not
commonly used unless she an heiress.  Cf. <u>Impalement</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Es*cutch"eoned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an
escutcheon; furnished with a coat of arms or ensign.</def>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ese</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ease; pleasure.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es`em*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'es</grk> into, to + <grk>"en</grk> one + <grk>plastiko`s</grk>
molded, formed. See <u>Plastic</u>.] <def>Shaped into one; tending
to, or formative into, unity.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><! p. 510 !></p>

<p><hw>Es"er*ine</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From native
name of the Calabar bean: cf. F. <i>&eacute;s&eacute;rine</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid found in the Calabar bean, and the
seed of <i>Physostigma venenosum</i>; physostigmine. It is used in
ophthalmic surgery for its effect in contracting the pupil.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*sex"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-</i> +
<i>sexual</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Sexless; asexual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*guard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>esgart</i> regard, F. <i>&eacute;gard</i>. See <u>Guard</u>.]
<def>Guard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Es"kar</hw> (?), or <hw>Es"ker</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>See <u>Eschar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"ki*mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Eskimos</b></plw> (#). [Originally applied by the Algonquins
to the Northern Indians, and meaning <i>eaters of raw flesh</i>.]
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of a peculiar race inhabiting Arctic
America and Greenland. In many respects the Eskimos resemble the
Mongolian race.</def> [Written also <i>Esquimau</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Eskimo dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of a
breed of large and powerful dogs used by the Eskimos to draw sledges.
It closely resembles the gray wolf, with which it is often
crossed.</cd></p>

<p><figcap>Eskimo dog</figcap></p>

<p><hw>Es*loin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Eloign</u>.] <def>To remove; to banish; to withdraw; to avoid; to
eloign.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From worldly cares he did himself
<i>esloin</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"ne*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Eigne</u>.]
<i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A prerogative given to the eldest coparcener
to choose first after an inheritance is divided.</def>  <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*sod"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; within + &?;
way.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Conveying impressions from the surface
of the body to the spinal cord; -- said of certain nerves. Opposed to
<i>exodic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*soph"a*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Esophageal.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`so*phag"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the esophagus.</def> [Written also
<i>&oelig;sophageal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>E`so*phag"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Esophageal.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*soph`a*got"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>o'isofa`gos</grk> the esophagus + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.]
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of making an incision into the
esophagus, for the purpose of removing any foreign substance that
obstructs the passage.</def> [Written also
<i>&oelig;sophagotomy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>E*soph"a*gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>o'isofa`gos</grk>; root of <grk>o'i`sw</grk> which is used as
future of <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear, carry (cf. Skr. <i>v&imacr;</i>
to go, drive) + <grk>fagei^n</grk> to eat.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>That
part of the alimentary canal between the pharynx and the stomach; the
gullet. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Digestive apparatus</i>, under
<u>Digestive</u>.</def> [Written also <i>&oelig;sophagus</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>E*so"pi*an</hw> (?), <hw>E*so"pic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>&AElig;sopian</u>,
<u>&AElig;sopic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`o*ter"ic</hw> (&ebreve;s`&osl;*t&ebreve;"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'eswteriko`s</grk>, fr.
<grk>'esw`teros</grk> inner, interior, comp. fr. <grk>'e`sw</grk> in,
within, fr. <grk>'es</grk>, <grk>e'is</grk>, into, fr. <grk>'en</grk>
in. See <u>In</u>.] <def>Designed for, and understood by, the
specially initiated alone; not communicated, or not intelligible, to
the general body of followers; private; interior; acroamatic; -- said
of the private and more recondite instructions and doctrines of
philosophers. Opposed to <i>exoteric</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Enough if every age produce two or three critics of
this <i>esoteric</i> class, with here and there a reader to
understand them.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es`o*ter"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Esoteric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`o*ter"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
esoteric manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`o*ter"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Esoteric
doctrine or principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`o*ter"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mysterious or
hidden doctrines; secret science.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"o*ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mystery;
esoterics; -- opposed to <i>exotery</i>.</def>  <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>||E"sox</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of pike.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fresh-water fishes, including
pike and pickerel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*pace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Space.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"pa*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>espadon</i>,
fr. Sp. <i>espadon</i>, fr. <i>espada</i> sword; or fr. It.
<i>spadone</i> an espadon, <i>spada</i> sword.] <def>A long, heavy,
two-handed and two-edged sword, formerly used by Spanish foot
soldiers and by executioners.</def>  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*pal"ier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>espalier</i>,
fr. It. <i>spalliera</i>, fr. <i>spalla</i> shoulder, the same word
as F. <i>&eacute;paule</i>. See <u>Epaulet</u>.] <i>(Hort.)</i>
<def>A railing or trellis upon which fruit trees or shrubs are
trained, as upon a wall; a tree or row of trees so trained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And figs from standard and <i>espalier</i>
join.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*pal"ier</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Espaliered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Espaliering</u>.] <def>To form an espalier of, or to protect by an
espalier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*par"cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>esparcet</i>,
<i>esparcette</i>, <i>&eacute;parcet</i>, fr. Sp. <i>esparceta</i>,
<i>esparcilla</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The common sainfoin
(<i>Onobrychis sativa</i>), an Old World leguminous forage
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Es*par"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.; cf. L.
<i>spartum</i> Spanish broom, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species
of Spanish grass (<i>Macrochloa tenacissima</i>), of which cordage,
shoes, baskets, etc., are made. It is also used for making
paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Es`pau`liere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. &amp; F.
<i>&eacute;pauli&egrave;re</i>. See <u>Espalier</u>.] <def>A defense
for the shoulder, composed of flexible overlapping plates of metal,
used in the 15th century; -- the origin of the modern
<i>epaulette</i>.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*pe"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>especial</i>, F. <i>sp&eacute;cial</i>, L. <i>specialis</i>, fr.
<i>species</i> a particular sort, kind, or quality. See
<u>Species</u>, and cf. <u>Special</u>.] <def>Distinguished among
others of the same class or kind; special; concerning a species or a
single object; principal; particular; as, in an <i>especial</i>
manner or degree.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Peculiar; special; particular; uncommon; chief. See
<u>Peculiar</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Es*pe"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an especial
manner; chiefly; particularly; peculiarly; in an uncommon
degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*pe"cial*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being especial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"pe*rance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>esp&eacute;rance</i>, fr. L. <i>sperans</i>, p. pr. of
<i>sperare</i> to hope.] <def>Hope.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Es`pi*aille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Espial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Es*pi"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; Norm. F.
<i>espiaille</i>. See <u>Espy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of espying; notice; discovery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Screened from <i>espial</i> by the jutting
cape.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who espies; a spy; a scout.</def>
[Obs.] "Their <i>espials</i> . . . brought word."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*pi"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
espies.</def>  <i>Harmar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"pi*nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of ruby.
See <u>Spinel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"pi*o*nage</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>espionnage</i>, fr. <i>espionner</i> to spy, fr. <i>espion</i>
spy, OF. <i>espie</i>. See <u>Espy</u>.] <def>The practice or
employment of spies; the practice of watching the words and conduct
of others, to make discoveries, as spies or secret emissaries; secret
watching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`pla*nade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>esplanade</i>, Sp. <i>esplanada</i>, <i>explanada</i>, cf. It.
<i>spianata</i>; fr. Sp. <i>explanar</i> to level, L.
<i>explanare</i> to flatten or spread out. See <u>Explain</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A clear
space between a citadel and the nearest houses of the town.</def>
<i>Campbell (Mil. Dict. ).</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The glacis of
the counterscarp, or the slope of the parapet of the covered way
toward the country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A grass plat; a lawn.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any clear, level space used for public
walks or drives; esp., a terrace by the seaside.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*plees"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>expletia</i>, OF. <i>espleit</i>.  Cf. <u>Exploit</u>.] <i>(Old
Eng. Law)</i> <def>The full profits or products which ground or land
yields, as the hay of the meadows, the feed of the pasture, the grain
of arable fields, the rents, services, and the like.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*pous"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Espousal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*pous"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>espousailles</i>, pl., F. <i>&eacute;pousailles</i>, L.
<i>sponsalia</i>, fr. <i>sponsalis</i> belonging to betrothal or
espousal. See <u>Espouse</u>, and cf. <u>Sponsal</u>,
<u>Spousal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of espousing or
betrothing; especially, in the plural, betrothal; plighting of the
troths; a contract of marriage; sometimes, the marriage
ceremony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The uniting or allying one's self with
anything; maintenance; adoption; as, the <i>espousal</i> of a
quarrel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The open <i>espousal</i> of his cause.</blockquote>
<i>Lord Orford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*pouse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Espoused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Espousing</u>.] [OF. <i>espouser</i>, <i>esposer</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;pouser</i>, L. <i>sponsare</i> to betroth, espouse, fr.
<i>sponsus</i> betrothed, p. p. of <i>spondere</i> to promise
solemnly or sacredly.  Cf. <u>Spouse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
betroth; to promise in marriage; to give as spouse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A virgin <i>espoused</i> to a man whose name was
Joseph.</blockquote> <i>Luke i. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take as spouse; to take to wife; to
marry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lavinia will I make my empress, . . . <BR>
And in the sacred Pantheon her <i>espouse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take to one's self with a view to
maintain; to make one's own; to take up the cause of; to adopt; to
embrace.</def> "He <i>espoused</i> that quarrel."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Promised faithfully to <i>espouse</i> his cause as
soon as he got out of the war.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*pouse"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>espousement</i>.] <def>The act of espousing, or the state of being
espoused.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*pous"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
espouses; one who embraces the cause of another or makes it his
own.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Es`pres*si"vo</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>With expression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*prin"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Springal</u>.] <i>(Mil. Antiq.)</i> <def>An engine of war used for
throwing viretons, large stones, and other missiles; a
springal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Es`prit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Spirit</u>.] <def>Spirit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Esprit de corps</b></col> (&?;), <cd>a French phrase much
used by English writers to denote the common spirit pervading the
members of a body or association of persons. It implies sympathy,
enthusiasm, devotion, and jealous regard for the honor of the body as
a whole.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Es*py"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Espied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Espying</u>.] [OF. <i>espier</i>, F. <i>&eacute;pier</i>, from
OHG. <i>speh&?;n</i> to watch, spy, G. <i>sp&auml;hen</i>; akin to L.
<i>specere</i> to look, <i>species</i> sight, shape, appearance,
kind. See <u>Spice</u>, <u>Spy</u>, and cf. <u>Espionage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To catch sight of; to perceive with the eyes;
to discover, as a distant object partly concealed, or not obvious to
notice; to see at a glance; to discern unexpectedly; to spy; as, to
<i>espy</i> land; to <i>espy</i> a man in a crowd.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As one of them opened his sack to give his ass
provender in the inn, . . . he <i>espied</i> his money.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xlii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A goodly vessel did I then <i>espy</i><BR>
Come like a giant from a haven broad.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inspect narrowly; to examine and keep
watch upon; to watch; to observe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sends angels to <i>espy</i> us in all our
ways.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To discern; discover; detect; descry; spy.</p>

<p><hw>Es*py"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To look or search
narrowly; to look about; to watch; to take notice; to spy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stand by the way, and <i>espy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. xlviii. 19.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*py"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Espies</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>espie</i>. See <u>Espy</u>, v.,
<u>Spy</u>.] <def>A spy; a scout.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>-esque</hw> (?). [F., fr. It. <i>-isco</i>.  Cf. <u>-ish</u>.]
<def>A suffix of certain words from the French, Italian, and Spanish.
It denotes <i>manner</i> or <i>style</i>; <i>like</i>; as,
arab<i>esque</i>, after the manner of the Arabs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"qui*mau</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Esquimaux</b></plw> (#). [F.] <def>Same as
<u>Eskimo</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is . . . an error to suppose that where an
<i>Esquimau</i> can live, a civilized man can live also.</blockquote>
<i>McClintock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*quire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escuyer</i>,
<i>escuier</i>, properly, a shield-bearer, F. <i>&eacute;cuyer</i>
shield-bearer, armor-bearer, squire of a knight, esquire, equerry,
rider, horseman, LL. <i>scutarius</i> shield-bearer, fr. L.
<i>scutum</i> shield, akin to Gr. &?; skin, hide, from a root meaning
<i>to cover</i>; prob. akin to E. <i>hide</i> to cover. See
<u>Hide</u> to cover, and cf. <u>Equerry</u>, <u>Escutcheon</u>.]
<def>Originally, a shield-bearer or armor-bearer, an attendant on a
knight; in modern times, a title of dignity next in degree below
<i>knight</i> and above <i>gentleman</i>; also, a title of office and
courtesy; -- often shortened to <i>squire</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, the title of <i>esquire</i> belongs by right of
birth to the eldest sons of knights and their eldest sons in
perpetual succession; to the eldest sons of younger sons of peers and
their eldest sons in perpetual succession. It is also given to
sheriffs, to justices of the peace while in commission, to those who
bear special office in the royal household, to counselors at law,
bachelors of divinity, law, or physic, and to others. In the United
States the title is commonly given in courtesy to lawyers and
justices of the peace, and is often used in the superscription of
letters instead of <i>Mr</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Es*quire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Esquired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Esquiring</u>.] <def>To wait on as an esquire or attendant in
public; to attend.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Es`quisse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Sketch</u>.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The first sketch of a picture
or model of a statue.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ess</hw> (?). [OF. <i>-esse</i>, LL. <i>-issa</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<def>A suffix used to form feminine nouns; as, actr<i>ess</i>,
deacon<i>ess</i>, songstr<i>ess</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"say</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Essays</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>essai</i>, fr. L. <i>exagium</i>
a weighing, weight, balance; <i>ex</i> out + <i>agere</i> to drive,
do; cf. <i>examen</i>, <i>exagmen</i>, a means of weighing, a
weighing, the tongue of a balance, <i>exigere</i> to drive out,
examine, weigh, Gr. <grk>'exa`gion</grk> a weight,
<grk>'exagia`zein</grk> to examine, <grk>'exa`gein</grk> to drive
out, export. See <u>Agent</u>, and cf. <u>Exact</u>, <u>Examine</u>,
<u>Assay</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An effort made, or exertion of
body or mind, for the performance of anything; a trial; attempt; as,
to make an <i>essay</i> to benefit a friend.</def> "The <i>essay</i>
at organization."  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Lit.)</i> <def>A composition treating of
any particular subject; -- usually shorter and less methodical than a
formal, finished treatise; as, an <i>essay</i> on the life and
writings of Homer; an <i>essay</i> on fossils, or on
commerce.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An assay. See <u>Assay</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Attempt; trial; endeavor; effort; tract; treatise;
dissertation; disquisition.</p>

<p><hw>Es*say"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Essayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Essaying</u>.] [F. <i>essayer</i>. See <u>Essay</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exert one's power or
faculties upon; to make an effort to perform; to attempt; to
endeavor; to make experiment or trial of; to try.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What marvel if I thus <i>essay</i> to
sing?</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Essaying</i> nothing she can not
perform.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A danger lest the young enthusiast . . . should
<i>essay</i> the impossible.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To test the value and purity of (metals);
to assay. See <u>Assay</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*say"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
essays.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"say*ist</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer
of an essay, or of essays.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"sence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>essence</i>, L.
<i>essentia</i>, formed as if fr. a p. pr. of <i>esse</i> to be. See
<u>Is</u>, and cf. <u>Entity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
constituent elementary notions which constitute a complex notion, and
must be enumerated to define it; sometimes called the <i>nominal
essence</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The constituent quality or qualities which
belong to any object, or class of objects, or on which they depend
for being what they are (distinguished as <i>real essence</i>); the
real being, divested of all logical accidents; that quality which
constitutes or marks the true nature of anything; distinctive
character; hence, virtue or quality of a thing, separated from its
grosser parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The laws are at present, both in form and
<i>essence</i>, the greatest curse that society labors
under.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gifts and alms are the expressions, not the
<i>essence</i> of this virtue [charity].</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>essence</i> of Addison's humor is
irony.</blockquote> <i>Courthope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Constituent substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And uncompounded is their <i>essence</i>
pure.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A being; esp., a purely spiritual
being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As far as gods and heavenly <i>essences</i><BR>
Can perish.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had been indulging in fanciful speculations on
spiritual <i>essences</i>, until . . . he had and ideal world of his
own around him.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The predominant qualities or virtues of a
plant or drug, extracted and refined from grosser matter; or, more
strictly, the solution in spirits of wine of a volatile or essential
oil; as, the <i>essence</i> of mint, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . word <i>essence</i> . . . scarcely underwent
a more complete transformation when from being the abstract of the
verb "to be," it came to denote something sufficiently concrete to be
inclosed in a glass bottle.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Perfume; odor; scent; or the volatile
matter constituting perfume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor let the <i>essences</i> exhale.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"sence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Essenced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Essencing</u> (?).] <def>To perfume; to scent.</def>
"<i>Essenced</i> fops."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*sene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Essenes</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?;, lit., physicians, because
they practiced medicine, fr. Chald <i>&amacr;say&amacr;</i> to heal,
cf. Heb. <i>as&amacr;</i>.] <def>One of a sect among the Jews in the
time of our Savior, remarkable for their strictness and
abstinence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"se*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine or
the practices of the Essenes.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*sen"tial</hw> (&ebreve;s*s&ebreve;n"sj<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>essentiel</i>. See <u>Essence</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the essence, or that which makes
an object, or class of objects, what it is.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Majestic as the voice sometimes became, there was
forever in it an <i>essential</i> character of
plaintiveness.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, really existing;
existent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it true, that thou art but a name,<BR>
And no <i>essential</i> thing?</blockquote> <i>Webster
(1623).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Important in the highest degree;
indispensable to the attainment of an object; indispensably
necessary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Judgment's more <i>essential</i> to a general<BR>
Than courage.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How to live? -- that is the <i>essential</i> question
for us.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Containing the essence or characteristic
portion of a substance, as of a plant; highly rectified; pure; hence,
unmixed; as, an <i>essential</i> oil.</def> "Mine own
<i>essential</i> horror."  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><! p. 511 !></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Necessary; indispensable; --
said of those tones which constitute a chord, in distinction from
ornamental or passing tones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Idiopathic; independent of
other diseases.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Essential character</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the
prominent characteristics which serve to distinguish one genus,
species, etc., from another.</cd> -- <col><b>Essential
disease</b></col>, <col><b>Essential fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>one that is not dependent on another.</cd> -- <col><b>Essential
oils</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a class of volatile oils,
extracted from plants, fruits, or flowers, having each its
characteristic odor, and hot burning taste. They are used in
essences, perfumery, etc., and include many varieties of compounds;
as <i>lemon oil</i> is a terpene, <i>oil of bitter almonds</i> an
aldehyde, <i>oil of wintergreen</i> an ethereal salt, etc.; -- called
also <i>volatile oils</i> in distinction from the <i>fixed</i> or
<i>nonvolatile</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Es*sen"tial</hw> (&ebreve;s*s&ebreve;n"sj<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Existence; being.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is essential; first or
constituent principle; as, the <i>essentials</i> of
religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*sen`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being essential; the essential part.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*sen"tial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
essential manner or degree; in an indispensable degree; really; as,
<i>essentially</i> different.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*sen"tial*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Essentiality.</def>  <i>Ld. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*sen"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Essentiated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Essentiating</u>.] <def>To form or constitute the
essence or being of.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*sen"ti*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
assimilated; to be changed into the essence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Es*soin"</hw> (?) or <hw>Es*soign</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>essoine</i>, <i>essoigne</i>, F.
<i>exoine</i>, L. <i>essonia</i>, <i>exonia</i>; pref. <i>ex-</i> (L.
<i>ex</i> from) + <i>sunnis</i>, <i>sunnia</i>, <i>sonia</i>,
hindrance, excuse.  Cf. Icel. <i>syn</i> refusal, <i>synja</i> to
deny, refuse, Goth. <i>sunja</i> truth, <i>sunj&omacr;n</i> to
justify, OS. <i>sunnea</i> impediment, OHG. <i>sunna</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>An excuse for not appearing
in court at the return of process; the allegation of an excuse to the
court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excuse; exemption.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From every work he challenged
<i>essoin</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Essoin day</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the first
general return day of the term, on which the court sits to receive
essoins.</cd>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*soin"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>essoinier</i>,
<i>essoignier</i>, <i>essonier</i>, LL. <i>essoniare</i>,
<i>exoniare</i>. See <u>Essoin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <def>To excuse for nonappearance in court.</def> "I 'll not
<i>essoin</i> thee."  <i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*soin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<def>An attorney who sufficiently excuses the absence of
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"so*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from Gr. &?;
inferior, because not so hard as some minerals it resembles, <i>e.
g.</i>, hyacinth.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Cinnamon stone, a variety of
garnet. See <u>Garnet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"so*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Standing, but with the wings spread, as if about to fly; -- said
of a bird borne as a charge on an escutcheon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Est</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>East.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>-est</hw> (-&ebreve;st). [AS. <i>-ost</i>, <i>-est</i>; akin
to G. <i>-est</i>, <i>-ist</i>, Icel. <i>-astr</i>, <i>-str</i>,
Goth. <i>-ists</i>, <i>-&omacr;sts</i>, Skr. <i>-ish&tsdot;ha</i>.]
<def>A suffix used to form the superlative of adjectives and adverbs;
as, smooth<i>est</i>; earl(y)i<i>est</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*tab"lish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Established</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Establishing</u>.] [OE. <i>establissen</i>, OF.
<i>establir</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tablir</i>, fr. L. <i>stabilire</i>,
fr. <i>stabilis</i> firm, steady, stable. See <u>Stable</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>-ish</u>, and cf. <u>Stablish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make stable or firm; to fix immovably or
firmly; to set (a thing) in a place and make it stable there; to
settle; to confirm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So were the churches <i>established</i> in the
faith.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvi. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The best <i>established</i> tempers can scarcely
forbear being borne down.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Confidence which must precede union could be
<i>established</i> only by consummate prudence and self-
control.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To appoint or constitute for permanence,
as officers, laws, regulations, etc.; to enact; to ordain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the consent of all, we were <i>established</i><BR>
The people's magistrates.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, O king, <i>establish</i> the decree, and sign the
writing, that it be not changed.</blockquote> <i>Dan. vi. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To originate and secure the permanent
existence of; to found; to institute; to create and regulate; -- said
of a colony, a state, or other institutions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath <i>established</i> it [the earth], he created
it not in vain, he formed it to be inhabited.</blockquote> <i>Is.
xlv. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Woe to him that buildeth a town with blood, and
<i>establisheth</i> a city by iniquity!</blockquote> <i>Hab. ii.
12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To secure public recognition in favor of;
to prove and cause to be accepted as true; as, to <i>establish</i> a
fact, usage, principle, opinion, doctrine, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of
three witnesses, shall the matter be <i>established</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. xix. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To set up in business; to place
advantageously in a fixed condition; -- used reflexively; as, he
<i>established</i> himself in a place; the enemy <i>established</i>
themselves in the citadel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*tab"lish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
establishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*tab"lish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>establissement</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tablissement</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of establishing; a ratifying or
ordaining; settlement; confirmation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being established, founded,
and the like; fixed state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is established; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A form of government, civil or ecclesiastical;
especially, a system of religion maintained by the civil power; as,
the Episcopal <i>establishment</i> of England. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A
permanent civil, military, or commercial, force or organization.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> The place in which one is permanently fixed for
residence or business; residence, including grounds, furniture,
equipage, etc.; with which one is fitted out; also, any office or
place of business, with its fixtures; that which serves for the
carrying on of a business; as, to keep up a large
<i>establishment</i>; a manufacturing <i>establishment</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Exposing the shabby parts of the
<i>establishment</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Establishment of the port</b></col> <i>(Hydrography)</i>,
<cd>a datum on which the tides are computed at the given port,
obtained by observation, viz., the interval between the moon's
passage over the meridian and the time of high water at the port, on
the days of new and full moon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Es*tab`lish*men*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who regards the Church primarily as an establishment formed
by the State, and overlooks its intrinsic spiritual character.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Es`ta*cade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; cf. It.
<i>steccata</i>, Sp. <i>estacada</i>.  Cf. <u>Stake</u>.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A dike of piles in the sea, a river, etc., to
check the approach of an enemy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Es`ta*fet"</hw>, <hw>||Es`ta*fette"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>estafette</i>, cf. Sp. <i>estafeta</i>;
fr. It. <i>stafetta</i>, fr. <i>staffa</i> stirrup, fr. OHG.
<i>stapho</i> footstep, footprint, G. <i>stapfe</i>; akin to E.
<i>step</i>.] <def>A courier who conveys messages to another courier;
a military courier sent from one part of an army to
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Es*tan"ci*a</hw> (&asl;s*t&adot;n"th&esl;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. See <u>Stanza</u>.] <def>A grazing farm; a
country house.</def> [Spanish America]</p>

<p><hw>Es*tate"</hw> (&ebreve;s*t&amacr;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>estat</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tat</i>, L. <i>status</i>, fr.
<i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Stand</u>, and cf. <u>State</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Settled condition or form of existence;
state; condition or circumstances of life or of any person;
situation.</def> "When I came to man's <i>estate</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low
<i>estate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Romans xii. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Social standing or rank; quality;
dignity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God hath imprinted his authority in several parts,
upon several <i>estates</i> of men.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person of high rank.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She's a duchess, a great <i>estate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Herod on his birthday made a supper to his lords, high
captains, and chief <i>estates</i> of Galilee.</blockquote> <i>Mark
vi. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A property which a person possesses; a
fortune; possessions, esp. property in land; also, property of all
kinds which a person leaves to be divided at his death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See what a vast <i>estate</i> he left his
son.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The state; the general body politic; the
common-wealth; the general interest; state affairs.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I call matters of <i>estate</i> not only the parts of
sovereignty, but whatsoever . . . concerneth manifestly any great
portion of people.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The great classes or orders of
a community or state (as the clergy, the nobility, and the commonalty
of England) or their representatives who administer the government;
as, the <i>estates</i> of the realm (England), which are (1) the
lords spiritual, (2) the lords temporal, (3) the commons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The degree, quality, nature,
and extent of one's interest in, or ownership of, lands, tenements,
etc.; as, an <i>estate</i> for life, for years, at will, etc.</def>
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The fourth estate</b></col>, <cd>a name often given to the
public press.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Es*tate"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To establish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp;  Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tom settle as a fortune.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To endow with an estate.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then would I . . . <BR>
<i>Estate</i> them with large land and territory.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Es*tat"lich</hw> (?), <hw>Es"tat*ly</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.] <def>Stately; dignified.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*teem"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Esteemed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Esteeming</u>.] [F. <i>estimer</i>, L. <i>aestimare</i>,
<i>aestumare</i>, to value, estimate; perh. akin to Skr. <i>ish</i>
to seek, strive, and E. <i>ask</i>.  Cf. <u>Aim</u>,
<u>Estimate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set a value on; to
appreciate the worth of; to estimate; to value; to reckon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then he forsook God, which made him, and lightly
<i>esteemed</i> the Rock of his salvation.</blockquote> <i>Deut.
xxxii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shouldst (gentle reader) <i>esteem</i> his
censure and authority to be of the more weighty
credence.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Gardiner.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Famous men, -- whose scientific attainments were
<i>esteemed</i> hardly less than supernatural.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set a high value on; to prize; to
regard with reverence, respect, or friendship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will he <i>esteem</i> thy riches?</blockquote> <i>Job
xxxvi. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You talk kindlier: we <i>esteem</i> you for
it.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To estimate; appreciate; regard; prize; value;
respect; revere. See <u>Appreciate</u>, <u>Estimate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Es*teem"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form an
estimate; to have regard to the value; to consider.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We ourselves <i>esteem</i> not of that obedience, or
love, or gift, which is of force.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*teem"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>estime</i>. See
<u>Esteem</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Estimation; opinion of merit or value; hence, valuation;
reckoning; price.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most dear in the <i>esteem</i><BR>
And poor in worth!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will deliver you, in ready coin,<BR>
The full and dear'st <i>esteem</i> of what you crave.</blockquote>
<i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>High estimation or value; great regard;
favorable opinion, founded on supposed worth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor should thy prowess want praise and
<i>esteem</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Estimate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Es*teem"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy of
esteem; estimable.</def> [R.] "<i>Esteemable</i> qualities."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*teem"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
esteems; one who sets a high value on any thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The proudest <i>esteemer</i> of his own
parts.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A word invented by L.
Gmelin, a German chemist.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An ethereal salt, or
compound ether, consisting of an organic radical united with the
residue of any oxygen acid, organic or inorganic; thus the natural
fats are <i>esters</i> of glycerin and the fatty acids, oleic,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*the`si*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>&AElig;sthesiometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"thete</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <hw>Es*thet"ic</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Es*thet"ic*al</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Es*thet"ics</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> etc. <def>Same as <u>&AElig;sthete</u>,
<u>&AElig;sthetic</u>, <u>&AElig;sthetical</u>,
<u>&AElig;sthetics</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aestifer</i>; <i>aestus</i> fire + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<def>Producing heat.</def> [R.]  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"ti*ma*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>estimable</i>, or L. <i>aestimabilis</i>. See <u>Esteem</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being estimated or valued; as,
<i>estimable</i> damage.</def>  <i>Paley. .</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Valuable; worth a great price.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A pound of man's flesh, taken from a man,<BR>
Is not so <i>estimable</i>, profitable neither,<BR>
As flesh of muttons, beefs, or goats.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Worth of esteem or respect; deserving our
good opinion or regard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lady said of her two companions, that one was more
amiable, the other more <i>estimable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"ti*ma*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thing
worthy of regard.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One of the peculiar <i>estimables</i> of her
country.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"ti*ma*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of deserving esteem or regard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"ti*ma*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an estimable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Estimated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Estimating</u> (?).] [L. <i>aestimatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>aestimare</i>. See <u>Esteem</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To judge and form an opinion of the value of,
from imperfect data, -- either the extrinsic (money), or intrinsic
(moral), value; to fix the worth of roughly or in a general way; as,
to <i>estimate</i> the value of goods or land; to <i>estimate</i> the
worth or talents of a person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is by the weight of silver, and not the name of the
piece, that men <i>estimate</i> commodities and exchange
them.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is always very difficult to <i>estimate</i> the age
in which you are living.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To from an opinion of, as to amount,,
number, etc., from imperfect data, comparison, or experience; to make
an estimate of; to calculate roughly; to rate; as, to <i>estimate</i>
the cost of a trip, the number of feet in a piece of land.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To appreciate; value; appraise; prize; rate;
esteem; count; calculate; number. -- To <u>Estimate</u>,
<u>Esteem</u>. Both these words imply an exercise of the judgment.
<i>Estimate</i> has reference especially to the external relations of
things, such as amount, magnitude, importance, etc. It usually
involves computation or calculation; as, to <i>estimate</i> the loss
or gain of an enterprise. <i>Esteem</i> has reference to the
intrinsic or moral worth of a person or thing. Thus, we <i>esteem</i>
a man for his kindness, or his uniform integrity. In this sense it
implies a mingled sentiment of respect and attachment. We
<i>esteem</i> it an honor to live in a free country. See
<u>Appreciate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Es"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A valuing or
rating by the mind, without actually measuring, weighing, or the
like; rough or approximate calculation; as, an <i>estimate</i> of the
cost of a building, or of the quantity of water in a pond.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Weigh success in a moral balance, and our whole
<i>estimate</i> is changed.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Estimate</u>, <u>Estimation</u>, <u>Esteem</u>.
The noun <i>estimate</i>, like its verb, supposes chiefly an exercise
of judgment in determining the amount, importance, or magnitude of
things, with their other exterior relations; as, an <i>estimate</i>
of expenses incurred; a true <i>estimate</i> of life, etc.
<i>Esteem</i> is a moral sentiment made up of respect and attachment,
-- the valuation of a person as possessing useful qualities or real
worth. Thus we speak of the <i>esteem</i> of the wise and good as a
thing greatly to be desired. <i>Estimation</i> seems to waver between
the two. In our version of the Scriptures it is used simply for
<i>estimate</i>; as, "If he be poorer than thy <i>estimation</i>."
<i>Lev. xxvii. 8.</i> In other cases, it verges toward <i>esteem</i>;
as, "I know him to be of worth and worthy <i>estimation</i>."
<i>Shak.</i> It will probably settle down at last on this latter
sense. "<i>Esteem</i> is the value we place upon some degree of
worth. It is higher than simple approbation, which is a decision of
judgment. It is the commencement of affection." <i>Gogan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No; dear as freedom is, and in my heart's<BR>
Just <i>estimation</i> prized above all price.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Es`ti*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aestimatio</i>, fr. <i>aestimare</i>: cf. F. <i>estimation</i>.
See <u>Esteem</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of estimating.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An opinion or judgment of the worth,
extent, or quantity of anything, formed without using precise data;
valuation; as, <i>estimations</i> of distance, magnitude, amount, or
moral qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he be poorer that thy <i>estimation</i>, then he
shall present himself before the priest, and the priest, and the
priest shall value him.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xxvii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Favorable opinion; esteem; regard;
honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall have <i>estimation</i> among multitude, and
honor with the elders.</blockquote> <i>Wisdom viii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Supposition; conjecture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I speak not this in <i>estimation</i>,<BR>
As what I think might be, but what I know.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Estimate; calculation; computation; appraisement;
esteem; honor; regard. See <u>Estimate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Es"ti*ma*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>estimatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined, or able, to
estimate; serving for, or capable of being used in,
estimating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We find in animals an <i>estimative</i> or judicial
faculty.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to an estimate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Es"ti*ma`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aestimator</i>.] <def>One who estimates or values; a valuer.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"ti*val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Es"ti*vate</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <hw>Es`ti*va"tion</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>&AElig;stival</u>,
<u>&AElig;stivate</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Es`toile"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>A six-pointed star whose rays are wavy, instead of straight like
those of a mullet.</def> [Written also <i>&eacute;toile</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Estoile of eight points</b></col>, <cd>a star which has
four straight and four wavy rays.</cd> -- <col><b>Estoile of four
points</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Cross estoil&eacute;</i>, under
<u>Cross</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Es*top"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Estophed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Estopping</u>.] [OF. <i>estoper</i> to stop, plug, close, F.
<i>&eacute;touper</i>, LL. <i>stuppare</i> to close with tow,
obstruct, fr. L.  <i>stuppa</i> tow, oakum, cf. Gr.
<grk>sty`pph</grk>.  Cf. <u>Stop</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To impede or
bar by estoppel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A party will be <i>estopped</i> by his admissions,
where his intent is to influence another, or derive an advantage to
himself.</blockquote> <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*top"pel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Estop</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A stop; an obstruction or bar
to one's alleging or denying a fact contrary to his own previous
action, allegation, or denial; an admission, by words or conduct,
which induces another to purchase rights, against which the party
making such admission can not take a position inconsistent with the
admission.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The agency by which the law
excludes evidence to dispute certain admissions, which the policy of
the law treats as indisputable.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i>
<i>Stephen.</i> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><! p. 512 !></p>

<p><hw>Es*to"vers</hw> (&ebreve;s*t&omacr;"v&etilde;rz), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estoveir</i>, <i>estovoir</i>, necessary,
necessity, need, prop. an infin. meaning to suit, be fit, be
necessary. See <u>Stover</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Necessaries or
supplies; an allowance to a person out of an estate or other thing
for support; as of wood to a tenant for life, etc., of sustenance to
a man confined for felony out of his estate, or alimony to a woman
divorced out of her husband's estate.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Common of estovers</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Common</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Es`trade"</hw> (&asl;s`tr&adot;d"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. Sp. <i>estrado</i>, orig., a carpet on the floor of a room, also,
a carpeted platform, fr. L. <i>stratum</i> bed covering. See
<u>Stratum</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A portion of the floor of a room
raised above the general level, as a place for a bed or a throne; a
platform; a dais.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [the teacher] himself should have his desk on a
mounted <i>estrade</i> or platform.</blockquote> <i>J. G.
Fitch.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Es`tra`ma`con"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A straight, heavy sword with two edges, used
in the 16th and 17th centuries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blow with edge of a sword.</def>
<i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*trange"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Estranged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Estranging</u>.] [OF. <i>estrangier</i> to remove, F.
<i>&eacute;tranger</i>, L. <i>extraneare</i> to treat as a stranger,
from <i>extraneus</i> strange. See <u>Strange</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw; to withhold; hence, reflexively,
to keep at a distance; to cease to be familiar and friendly
with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must <i>estrange</i> our belief from everything
which is not clearly and distinctly evidenced.</blockquote>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Had we . . . <i>estranged</i> ourselves from them in
things indifferent.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divert from its original use or
purpose, or from its former possessor; to alienate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . have <i>estranged</i> this place, and have
burned incense in it unto other gods.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xix.
4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To alienate the affections or confidence
of; to turn from attachment to enmity or indifference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not know, to this hour, what it is that has
<i>estranged</i> him from me.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . had pretended to be <i>estranged</i> from the
Whigs, and had promised to act as a spy upon them.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*tran"ged*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being estranged; estrangement.</def>  <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*trange"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>estrangement</i>.] <def>The act of estranging, or the state of
being estranged; alienation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>estrangement</i> from God.</blockquote> <i>J. C.
Shairp.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A long <i>estrangement</i> from better
things.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*tran"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
estranges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*tran"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
strangle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Es`tra*pade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Man.)</i>
<def>The action of a horse, when, to get rid of his rider, he rears,
plunges, and kicks furiously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*tray"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
stray.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*tray"</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Any
valuable animal, not wild, found wandering from its owner; a
stray.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estre</i> state,
plan.] <def>The inward part of a building; the interior.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*treat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estraite</i>,
prop., an extract, fr. p. p. of <i>estraire</i> to extract, F.
<i>extraire</i>, fr. L. <i>extrahere</i>. See <u>Extract</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A true copy, duplicate, or extract of an original
writing or record, esp. of amercements or penalties set down in the
rolls of court to be levied by the bailiff, or other officer.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Estreat of a recognizance</b></col>, <cd>the extracting or
taking out a forfeited recognizance from among the other records of
the court, for the purpose of a prosecution in another court, or it
may be in the same court.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es*treat"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Estreated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Estreating</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To extract
or take out from the records of a court, and send up to the court of
exchequer to be enforced; -- said of a forfeited recognizance.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To bring in to the exchequer, as a
fine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*trepe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>estreper</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To strip or lay bare, as land of
wood, houses, etc.; to commit waste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*trepe"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., damage,
waste.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A destructive kind of waste, committed by a
tenant for life, in lands, woods, or houses.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"trich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ostrich.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The down of the
ostrich.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"tu*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>aestuans</i>, p. pr. of <i>aestuare</i>. See <u>Estuate</u>.]
<def>Heat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Es"tu*a*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
an estuary; estuary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Estuaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>aestuarium</i>, from
<i>aestuare</i> to surge. See <u>Estuate</u>.] [Written also
<i>&aelig;stuary</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where water
boils up; a spring that wells forth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A passage, as the mouth of a river or
lake, where the tide meets the current; an arm of the sea; a
frith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>it to the sea was often by long and wide
<i>estuaries</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"tu*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to, or
formed in, an estuary; as, <i>estuary</i> strata.</def>
<i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"tu*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Estuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Estuating</u>.] [L. <i>aestuare</i> to be in violent motion, to
boil up, burn, fr. <i>aestus</i> boiling or undulating motion, fire,
glow, heat; akin to Gr.&?; to burn. See <u>Ether</u>.] <def>To boil
up; to swell and rage; to be agitated.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es`tu*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aestuatio</i>.] <def>The act of estuating; commotion, as of a
fluid; agitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>estuations</i> of joys and fears.</blockquote>
<i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Es*tu"fa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Estufas</b></plw> (#). [Sp., a stove, a warm room.  Cf.
<u>Stove</u>.] <def>An assembly room in dwelling of the Pueblo
Indians.</def>  <i>L. H. Morgan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Estuate</u>.] <def>Commotion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*su"ri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>esuriens</i>, p. pr. of <i>ensurire</i>, fr. <i>edere</i> to eat.]
<def>Inclined to eat; hungry; voracious.</def> [R.] <i>Bailey.</i>
"Poor, but <i>esurient</i>."  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*su"ri*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is hungry
or greedy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An insatiable <i>esurient</i> after
riches.</blockquote> <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"u*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Esurient</u>.] <def>Causing hunger; eating; corroding.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"u*rine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine which provokes appetites, or causes hunger.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>-et</hw> (?). [F. <i>-et</i>, masc., <i>-ette</i>, fem.  Cf.
<u>-let</u>.] <def>A noun suffix with a diminutive force; as in
baron<i>et</i>, pock<i>et</i>, fac<i>et</i>, flower<i>et</i>,
latch<i>et</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*taac"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The blue buck.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"ta*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the letter
&?;, &?;.  Cf. <u>Itacism</u>.] <i>(Greek Gram.)</i> <def>The
pronunciation of the Greek &eta; (eta) like the Italian <i>e</i>
long, that is like <i>a</i> in the English word <i>ate.</i> See
<u>Itacism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"ta*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favors
etacism.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`ta`g&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. <i>&eacute;tager</i> to arrange on shelves, fr.
<i>&eacute;tage</i> story, floor. See <u>Stage</u>.] <def>A piece of
furniture having a number of uninclosed shelves or stages, one above
another, for receiving articles of elegance or use.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`tat" Ma`jor"</hw> (?). [F., fr. <i>&eacute;tat</i>
state + L. <i>major</i> greater.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The staff of an
army, including all officers above the rank of colonel, also, all
adjutants, inspectors, quartermasters, commissaries, engineers,
ordnance officers, paymasters, physicians, signal officers, judge
advocates; also, the noncommissioned assistants of the above
officers.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Et` cet"e*ra</hw>, <hw>||Et` c&aelig;t"e*ra</hw>  } (?).
[L. <i>et</i> and + <i>caetera</i> other things.] <def>Others of the
like kind; and the rest; and so on; -- used to point out that
<i>other things</i> which could be mentioned are to be understood.
Usually abbreviated into <i>etc.</i> or &c. (<i>&c</i>).</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Etch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Eddish</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Etch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Etched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Etching</u>.] [D. <i>etsen</i>, G. <i>&auml;tzen</i> to feed,
corrode, etch. MHG. <i>etzen</i>, causative of <i>ezzen</i> to eat,
G. <i>essen</i> &?;&?;. See <u>Eat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
produce, as figures or designs, on mental, glass, or the like, by
means of lines or strokes eaten in or corroded by means of some
strong acid.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The plate is first covered with varnish, or some other
ground capable of resisting the acid, and this is then scored or
scratched with a needle, or similar instrument, so as to form the
drawing; the plate is then covered with acid, which corrodes the
metal in the lines thus laid bare.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subject to etching; to draw upon and
bite with acid, as a plate of metal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>etching</i> a plate at the beginning of
1875.</blockquote> <i>Hamerton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sketch; to delineate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There are many empty terms to be found in some learned
writes, to which they had recourse to <i>etch</i> out their
system.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Etch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice etching;
to make etchings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Etch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
etches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Etch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act, art, or practice of engraving by means of acid which
eats away lines or surfaces left unprotected in metal, glass, or the
like. See <u>Etch</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A design carried out by means of the above
process; a pattern on metal, glass, etc., produced by
etching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An impression on paper, parchment, or
other material, taken in ink from an etched plate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Etching figures</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>markings
produced on the face of a crystal by the action of an appropriate
solvent. They have usually a definite form, and are important as
revealing the molecular structure.</cd> -- <col><b>Etching
needle</b></col>, <cd>a sharp-pointed steel instrument with which
lines are drawn in the ground or varnish in etching.</cd> --
<col><b>Etching stitch</b></col> <i>(Needlework)</i>, <cd>a stitch
used outline embroidery.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E`te*os"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, year
+ &?; row.] <def>A kind of chronogram.</def> [R.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ter"mi*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-
</i> + <i>terminable</i>.] <def>Interminable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>E*tern"</hw> or <hw>E*terne"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>eterne</i>, L. <i>aeternus</i>, for
<i>aeviturnus</i>, fr. <i>aevum</i> age. See <u>Age</u>, and cf.
<u>Eternal</u>.] <def>Eternal.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Built up to <i>eterne</i> significance.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ter"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;ternel</i>, L. <i>aeternalis</i>, fr. <i>aeternus</i>. See
<u>Etern</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without beginning or end of
existence; always existing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>eternal</i> God is thy refuge.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. xxxiii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To know wether there were any real being, whose
duration has been <i>eternal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without end of existence or duration;
everlasting; endless; immortal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That they may also obtain the salvation which is in
Christ Jesus, with <i>eternal</i> glory.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim. ii.
10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Continued without intermission; perpetual;
ceaseless; constant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And fires <i>eternal</i> in thy temple
shine.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Existing at all times without change;
immutable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hobbes believed the <i>eternal</i> truths which he
opposed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What are the <i>eternal</i> objects of poetry among
all nations, and at all times?</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Exceedingly great or bad; -- used as a
strong intensive.</def> "Some <i>eternal</i> villain."</p>

<p><col><b>The Eternal City</b></col>, <cd>an appellation of
Rome.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Everlasting; endless; infinite; ceaseless;
perpetual; interminable. See <u>Everlasting</u>.</p>

<p><hw>E*ter"nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the appellations of God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Law whereby the <i>Eternal</i> himself doth
work.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is endless and immortal.</def>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ter"nal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds
the existence of matter to be from eternity.</def>  <i>T.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ter"nal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
eternal.</def>  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ter"nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an eternal
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which is morally good or evil at any time or in
any case, must be also <i>eternally</i> and unchangeably
so.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where western gales <i>eternally</i>
reside.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*terne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Etern</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ter"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
eternal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fame . . . <i>eternifies</i> the name.</blockquote>
<i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ter"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Eternities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>&eacute;ternit&eacute;</i>,
L. <i>aeternitas</i>, fr. <i>aeternus</i>. See <u>Etern</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Infinite duration, without beginning in the
past or end in the future; also, duration without end in the future;
endless time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The high and lofty One, that inhabiteth
<i>eternity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is. lvii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Condition which begins at death;
immortality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou know'st 't is common; all that lives must
die,<BR>
Passing through nature to <i>eternity</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ter`ni*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of eternizing; the act of rendering immortal or famous.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ter"nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Eternized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Eterniziing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;terniser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make eternal or endless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This other [gift] served but to <i>eternize</i>
woe.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make forever famous; to immortalize;
as, to <i>eternize</i> one's self, a name, exploits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>St. Alban's battle won by famous York,<BR>
Shall be <i>eternized</i> in all age to come.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*te"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>etesiae</i>,
pl., periodic winds, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; year: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;t&eacute;sien</i>.] <def>Periodical; annual; -- applied to
winds which annually blow from the north over the Mediterranean, esp.
the eastern part, for an irregular period during July and
August.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Eth</i>er +
<i>al</i>cohol: cf. F. <i>&eacute;thal</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white waxy solid, C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>33</sub>.OH; -- called also
<i>cetylic alcohol</i>. See <i>Cetylic alcohol</i>, under
<u>Cetylic</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Eth"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Ether</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A gaseous hydrocarbon,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>, forming a constituent of ordinary
illuminating gas. It is the second member of the paraffin series, and
its most important derivatives are common alcohol, aldehyde, ether,
and acetic acid. Called also <i>dimethyl</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ethe</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Eath</u>.]
<def>Easy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eth"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>e&?;ele</i>,
<i>&aelig;&?;ele</i>. See <u>Atheling</u>.] <def>Noble.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Eth"ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Ethylene; olefiant gas.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*then"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from. or resembling, ethene or ethylene;
as, <i>ethenic</i> ether.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth"e*nyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ethene</i> + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A trivalent
hydrocarbon radical, CH<sub>3</sub>.C.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A univalent hydrocarbon radical of the ethylene series,
CH<sub>2</sub>:CH; -- called also <i>vinyl</i>. See
<u>Vinyl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`the*os"to*moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>etheostoma</i> name of a genus + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or like, the genus <i>Etheostoma</i>.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any fish of the genus <i>Etheostoma</i> and
related genera, allied to the perches; -- also called <i>darter</i>.
The etheostomoids are small and often bright-colored fishes
inhabiting the fresh waters of North America. About seventy species
are known. See <u>Darter</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>E"ther</hw> (&emacr;"th&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aether</i>, Gr. <grk>a'iqh`r</grk>, fr. <grk>a'i`qein</grk> to
light up, kindle, burn, blaze; akin to Skr. <i>idh</i>, <i>indh</i>,
and prob. to E. <i>idle</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;ther</i>.] [Written
also <i>&aelig;ther</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A
medium of great elasticity and extreme tenuity, supposed to pervade
all space, the interior of solid bodies not excepted, and to be the
medium of transmission of light and heat; hence often called
<i>luminiferous ether</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Supposed matter above the air; the air
itself.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
light, volatile, mobile, inflammable liquid,
(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O, of a characteristic
aromatic odor, obtained by the distillation of alcohol with sulphuric
acid, and hence called also <i>sulphuric ether</i>. It is powerful
solvent of fats, resins, and pyroxylin, but finds its chief use as an
an&aelig;sthetic. Called also <i>ethyl oxide</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any similar oxide of hydrocarbon radicals;
as, amyl <i>ether</i>; valeric <i>ether</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Complex ether</b></col>, <col><b>Mixed ether</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an oxide of two different radicals in the same
molecule; as, ethyl methyl ether,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.O.CH<sub>3</sub>.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound
ether</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an ethereal salt or a salt of
some hydrocarbon as the base; an ester.</cd> -- <col><b>Ether
engine</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a condensing engine like a steam
engine, but operated by the vapor of ether instead of by
steam.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*the"re*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to the hypothetical upper, purer air, or to the
higher regions beyond the earth or beyond the atmosphere; celestial;
as, <i>ethereal</i> space; <i>ethereal</i> regions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, heavenly guest, <i>ethereal</i>
messenger.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of ether; hence, exceedingly
light or airy; tenuous; spiritlike; characterized by extreme
delicacy, as form, manner, thought, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vast chain of being, which from God began,<BR>
Natures <i>ethereal</i>, human, angel, man.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived
from, or resembling, ether; as, <i>ethereal</i> salts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ethereal oil</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Essential oil</i>, under <u>Essential</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ethereal oil of wine</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a heavy,
yellow, oily liquid consisting essentially of etherin, etherol, and
ethyl sulphate. It is the oily residuum left after etherification.
Called also <i>heavy oil of wine</i> (distinguished from <i>oil of
wine</i>, or &oelig;nanthic ether).</cd> -- <col><b>Ethereal
salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt of some organic radical as
a base; an ester.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*the"re*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Ethereality.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*the`re*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being ethereal; etherealness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Something of that <i>ethereality</i> of thought and
manner which belonged to Wordsworth's earlier lyrics.</blockquote>
<i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*the`re*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
ethereal or spiritlike state.</def>  <i>J. H. Stirling.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*the"re*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convert into ether, or into subtile fluid;
to saturate with ether.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render ethereal or
spiritlike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Etherealized</i>, moreover, by spiritual
communications with the other world.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*the"re*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ethereal manner.</def></p>

<p><! p. 513 !></p>

<p><hw>E*the"re*al*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Ethereality.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*the"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aethereus</i>, Gr. &?; See <u>Ether</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Formed of ether; ethereal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>ethereous</i> mold whereon we
stand.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, ether.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ethereous oil</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Ethereal oil</i>,
under <u>Ethereal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*ther`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of making ether; specifically,
the process by which a large quantity of alcohol is transformed into
ether by the agency of a small amount of sulphuric, or ethyl
sulphuric, acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ther"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ether</i> +
<i>form</i>.] <def>Having the form of ether.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"ther*in</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white, crystalline hydrocarbon, regarded as a polymeric variety of
ethylene, obtained in heavy oil of wine, the residue left after
making ether; -- formerly called also <i>concrete oil of
wine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`ther*i*za"tion</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The administration of ether to produce
insensibility.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The state of the system
under the influence of ether.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"ther*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Etherized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Etherizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;th&eacute;riser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convert
into ether.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render insensible by means of ether, as
by inhalation; as, to <i>etherize</i> a patient.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"ther*ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ether</i> + L.
<i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oily hydrocarbon regarded
as a polymeric variety of ethylene, produced with etherin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eth"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Eth"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ethicus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; custom,
usage, character, dwelling; akin to &?; custom, Goth. <i>sidus</i>,
G. <i>sitte</i>, Skr. <i>svadh&?;</i>, prob. orig., one's own doing;
<i>sva</i> self + <i>dh&?;</i> to set: cf. F. <i>&eacute;thique</i>.
See <u>So</u>, <u>Do</u>.] <def>Of, or belonging to, morals; treating
of the moral feelings or duties; containing percepts of morality;
moral; as, <i>ethic</i> discourses or epistles; an <i>ethical</i>
system; <i>ethical</i> philosophy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ethical</i> meaning of the
miracles.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ethical dative</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a use of the
dative of a pronoun to signify that the person or thing spoken of is
regarded with interest by some one; as, Quid <i>mihi</i> Celsus agit?
How does <i>my friend</i> Celsus do?</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eth"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According to,
in harmony with, moral principles or character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth"i*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in ethics, or has written on ethics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;thique</i>. See <u>Ethic</u>.] <def>The science of human
duty; the body of rules of duty drawn from this science; a particular
system of principles and rules concerting duty, whether true or
false; rules of practice in respect to a single class of human
actions; as, political or social <i>ethics</i>; medical
<i>ethics</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The completeness and consistency of its morality is
the peculiar praise of the <i>ethics</i> which the Bible has
taught.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eth"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any
compound of ethyl of a binary type; as, potassium
<i>ethide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth"i*dene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Ether</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Ethylidene.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Eth"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Acetylene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth`i*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Eth</i>yl +
<i>thionic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived from, or
designating, an acid so called.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ethionic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a liquid
derivative of ethylsulphuric and sulphuric (thionic) acids, obtained
by the action of sulphur trioxide on absolute alcohol.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>E"thi*op</hw> (?), <hw>E`thi*o"pi*an</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Aethiops</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; to burn + &?;
face.] <def>A native or inhabitant of Ethiopia; also, in a general
sense, a negro or black man.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E`thi*o"pi*an</hw>, <hw>E`thi*op"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to Ethiopia or the
Ethiopians.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`thi*op"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of
ancient Ethiopia; the language of the ancient Abyssinian empire (in
Ethiopia), now used only in the Abyssinian church. It is of Semitic
origin, and is also called <i>Geez</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"thi*ops</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ethiop</u>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A black substance; --
formerly applied to various preparations of a black or very dark
color.</def> [Written also <i>&AElig;thiops</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Ethiops martial</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>black
oxide of iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Ethiops mineral</b></col> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i>, <cd>black sulphide of mercury, obtained by triturating
mercury with sulphur.</cd> -- <col><b>Ethiops per se</b></col>
<i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>mercury in finely divided state, having the
appearance of a dark powder, obtained by shaking it up or by exposure
to the air.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eth"moid</hw> (?), <hw>Eth*moid"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; like a sieve; &?; sieve + &?; from: cf.
F. <i>ethmo&iuml;de</i>, <i>ethmo&iuml;dal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Like a sieve; cribriform.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to, or in the region of, the
ethmoid bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ethmoid bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone of
complicated structure through which the olfactory nerves pass out of
the cranium and over which they are largely distributed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eth"moid</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
ethmoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth`mo*tru"bi*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Ethm</i>oid + <i>turbinal</i>.] <def>See <u>Turbinal</u>.</def> -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ethmoturbinal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth`mo*vo"mer*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Ethm</i>oid + <i>vomerine</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
the region of the vomer and the base of the ethmoid in the
skull.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ethmovomerine plate</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a
cartilaginous plate beneath the front of the fetal brain which the
ethmoid region of the skull is developed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eth"narch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; nation
+ &?; leader, commander. See <u>-arch</u>.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i>
<def>The governor of a province or people.</def>  <i>Lew
Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eth"narch*y</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>The
dominion of an ethnarch; principality and rule.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eth"nic</hw> (?), <hw>Eth"nic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ethnicus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; nation,
&?; &?; the nations, heathens, gentiles: cf. F. <i>ethnique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to races or nations; based on
distinctions of race; ethnological.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the gentiles, or nations not
converted to Christianity; heathen; pagan; -- opposed to
<i>Jewish</i> and <i>Christian</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth"nic</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A heathen; a
pagan.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No better reported than impure <i>ethnic</i> and lay
dogs.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eth"nic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ethnical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth"ni*cism</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Heathenism;
paganism; idolatry.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Taint of ethnicism</i>."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eth*nog"ra*pher</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
investigates ethnography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eth`no*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Eth`no*graph"ic*al</hw> (?),
}. <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ethnographique</i>.]
<def>pertaining to ethnography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth`no*graph"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ethnographical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; nation
+ <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>ethnographie</i>.] <def>That branch of
knowledge which has for its subject the characteristics of the human
family, developing the details with which ethnology as a comparative
science deals; descriptive ethnology. See <u>Ethnology</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eth`no*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Eth`no*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to ethnology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth`no*log"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ethnological manner; by ethnological classification; as, one
belonging <i>ethnologically</i> to an African race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in ethnology; a student of ethnology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth*nol"o*gy</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; nation +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats of the division of
mankind into races, their origin, distribution, and relations, and
the peculiarities which characterize them.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eth`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Eth`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a</i></pos> [See <u>Ethology</u>.] <def>treating of, or
pertaining to, ethnic or morality, or the science of character.</def>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*thol"o*gist</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
studies or writes upon ethology.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*thol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
depicting of character; &?; custom, moral nature + &?; to speak.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on morality; ethics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The science of the formation of character,
national and collective as well as individual.</def>  <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eth"o*po*et"ic</hw> (?). [Gr. &?;; &?; custom, manners + &?;
to make or form.] <def>Expressing character.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eth"ule</hw> (?) [Ether + Gr. &?; substance, base.  Cf.
<u>Ethyl</u>, and see <u>-yl</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Ethyl.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Eth"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ether</i> + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A monatomic, hydrocarbon radical,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub> of the paraffin series, forming the
essential radical of ethane, and of common alcohol and
ether.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ethyl aldehyde</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Aldehyde</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eth`yl*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ethyl</i> +
<i>amine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, mobile, inflammable
liquid, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.NH<sub>2</sub>, very volatile and
with an ammoniacal odor. It is a strong base, and is a derivative of
ammonia. Called also <i>ethyl carbamine</i>, and <i>amido
ethane</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth"yl*ate</hw> (-&asl;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Ethyl</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound derived from ethyl
alcohol by the replacement of the hydroxyl hydrogen, after the manner
of a hydrate; an ethyl alcoholate; as, potassium <i>ethylate</i>,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.O.K.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth"yl*ene</hw> (-&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Ethyl</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, gaseous hydrocarbon,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>, forming an important ingredient of
illuminating gas, and also obtained by the action of concentrated
sulphuric acid in alcohol. It is an unsaturated compound and combines
directly with chlorine and bromine to form oily liquids (Dutch
liquid), -- hence called <i>olefiant gas</i>. Called also
<i>ethene</i>, <i>elayl</i>, and formerly, <i>bicarbureted
hydrogen</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Ethylene series</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the series
of unsaturated hydrocarbons of which ethylene is the type, and
represented by the general formula CnH<sub>2</sub>n.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*thyl"ic</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived
from, or containing, ethyl; as, <i>ethylic</i> alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*thyl"i*dene</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An unsymmetrical,
divalent, hydrocarbon radical, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> metameric
with ethylene but written thus, CH<sub>3</sub>.CH to distinguish it
from the symmetrical ethylene, CH<sub>2</sub>.CH<sub>2</sub>. Its
compounds are derived from aldehyde. Formerly called also
<i>ethidene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth"yl*in</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of the several
complex ethers of ethyl and glycerin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth`yl*sul*phu"ric</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or containing, ethyl and sulphuric
acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ethylsulphuric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an acid
sulphate of ethyl, H.C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.SO<sub>4</sub>,
produced as a thick liquid by the action of sulphiric acid on
alcohol. It appears to be the active catalytic agent in the process
of etherification.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E"ti*o*late</hw> (?). <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Etiolated</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n</i></pos>. <u>Etiolating</u>.] [F. <i>&eacute;tioler</i> to
blanch.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become white or whiter; to be
whitened or blanched by excluding the light of the sun, as,
plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To become pale through
disease or absence of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"ti*o*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To blanch; to bleach; to whiten by depriving of the sun's
rays.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To cause to grow pale by
disease or absence of light.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>E"ti*o*late</hw> (?), <hw>E"ti*o*la`ted</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a blanched or faded appearance, as
birds inhabiting desert regions.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`ti*o*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The operation of blanching plants, by
excluding the light of the sun; the condition of a blanched
plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Paleness produced by absence
of light, or by disease.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"ti*o*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Etiolate</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A yellowish coloring matter
found in plants grown in darkness, which is supposed to be an
antecedent condition of chlorophyll.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`ti*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or inquiring into, causes;
&aelig;tiological.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`ti*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;tiologie</i>.] <def>The science of causes. Same as
&?;<u>tiology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Et"i*quette`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. prop., a
little piece of paper, or a mark or title, affixed to a bag or
bundle, expressing its contents, a label, ticket, OF.
<i>estiquete</i>, of German origin; cf. LG. <i>stikke</i> peg, pin,
tack, <i>stikken</i> to stick, G. <i>stecken</i>. See <u>Stick</u>,
and cf. <u>Ticket</u>.] <def>The forms required by good breeding, or
prescribed by authority, to be observed in social or official life;
observance of the proprieties of rank and occasion; conventional
decorum; ceremonial code of polite society.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pompous <i>etiquette</i> to the court of Louis the
Fourteenth.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Et"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of small,
portable, cooking apparatus for which heat is furnished by a spirit
lamp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There should certainly be an <i>etna</i> for getting a
hot cup of coffee in a hurry.</blockquote> <i>V. Baker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Et*ne"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Aetnaeus</i>,
Gr. <i>&?;</i>, fr.&?; (L. <i>Aetna</i>, <i>Aetne</i>).]
<def>Pertaining to Etna, a volcanic mountain in Sicily.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`toile"</hw> (&asl;`tw&auml;l"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>See
<u>Estoile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*tru"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to ancient Etruria, in Italy.</def> "<i>Etrurian</i> Shades."
<i>Milton,</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
ancient Etruria.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*trus"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Etruscus</i>.] <def>Of or relating to Etruria.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Etruria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Et"ter pike`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Atter</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The stingfish, or lesser
weever (<i>Tranchinus vipera</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Et"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [SA. <i>eten</i>,
<i>eoten</i>, orig., gluttonous, fr. <i>etan</i> to eat.] <def>A
giant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Et"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Perh. the same word
as <i>addle</i> to earn; bur cf. OE. <i>atlien</i>, <i>etlien</i>, to
intend, prepare, Icel. <i>&aelig;tla</i> to think, suppose, mean.]
<def>To earn. [Obs.] See <u>Addle</u>, to earn.</def>
<i>Boucher.</i></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`tude"</hw> (&asl;`t&usdot;d"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. See <u>Study</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A composition in the
fine arts which is intended, or may serve, for a study.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A study; an exercise; a
piece for practice of some special point of technical
execution.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`tui"</hw> (&asl;`tw&esl;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>A case for one or several small articles; esp., a box in
which scissors, tweezers, and other articles of toilet or of daily
use are carried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Et*wee"</hw> (&ebreve;t*e&emacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>&Eacute;tui</u>.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Et"ym</hw> (&ebreve;t"&ibreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Etymon</u>.</def>  <i>H. F. Talbot.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*tym"ic</hw> (&esl;*t&ibreve;m"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to the etymon; as, an
<i>etymic</i> word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Et`y*mol"o*ger</hw>
(&ebreve;t`&ibreve;*m&obreve;l"&osl;*j&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An etymologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Et`y*mo*log"ic*al</hw> (-
m&osl;*l&obreve;j"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>etymologicus</i>, Gr. <grk>'etymologiko`s</grk>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;tymologique</i>. See <u>Etymology</u>.] <def>Pertaining to
etymology, or the derivation of words.</def> --
<wf>Et`y*mo*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Et`y*mo*log"i*con</hw> (-&ibreve;*k&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'etymologiko`n</grk>, prop.
neut. sing. from <grk>'etymologiko`s</grk>.] <def>An etymological
dictionary or manual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Et`y*mol"o*gist</hw>
(&ebreve;t`&ibreve;*m&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>&eacute;tymologiste</i>.] <def>One
who investigates the derivation of words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Et`y*mol"o*gize</hw> (-j&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>&eacute;tymologiser</i>.] <def>To give the etymology of;
to trace to the root or primitive, as a word.</def>
<i>Camden</i></p>

<p><hw>Et`y*mol"o*gize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To search
into the origin of words; to deduce words from their simple
roots.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How perilous it is to <i>etymologize</i> at
random.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Et`y*mol"o*gy</hw> (-j&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Etymologies</b></plw> (-j&ibreve;z). [L.
<i>etymologia</i>, Gr. <grk>'etymologi`a</grk>; <grk>'e`tymon</grk>
etymon + <grk>lo`gos</grk> discourse, description: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;tymologie</i>. See <u>Etymon</u>, and <u>-logy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That branch of philological science which
treats of the history of words, tracing out their origin, primitive
significance, and changes of form and meaning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of grammar which relates to the
changes in the form of the words in a language; inflection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Et"y*mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Etymons</b></plw> (#), Gr. <plw><b>Etyma</b></plw> (#). [L.,
fr. Gr. <grk>'e`tymon</grk> the true literal sense of a word
according to its derivation, an etymon, fr. &?; true, real, prob,
akin to Skr. <i>sotya</i>, E. <i>sooth</i>. See <u>Sooth</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An original form; primitive word;
root.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Original or fundamental
signification.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Given as the <i>etymon</i> or genuine sense of the
word.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*typ"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-</i> +
<i>typical</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Diverging from, or lacking
conformity to, a type.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; well, orig. neut. of &?; good; prob.
connected with Skr. <i>su</i>, from the same root as E. <i>is</i>; or
with Skr. <i>vasu</i> good, prob. fr. the same root as E.
<i>was</i>.] <def>A prefix used frequently in composition, signifying
<i>well</i>, <i>good</i>, <i>advantageous</i>; -- the opposite of
<i>dys-</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*cai"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
seasonable, opportune; &?; well, good + &?; season.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A metallic mineral, a selenide of copper and silver; -- so
called by Berzelius on account of its being found soon after the
discovery of the metal selenium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"ca*lyn</hw> (&umacr;"k&adot;*l&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An unfermentable sugar,
obtained as an uncrystallizable sirup by the decomposition of
melitose; also obtained from a Tasmanian <i>eucalyptus</i>, -- whence
its name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu`ca*lyp*tol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Eucalyptus</i> + L. <i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
volatile, terpenelike oil extracted from the eucalyptus, and
consisting largely of cymene.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu`ca*lyp"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from GR.
&?; well, good + &?; covered. The buds of Eucalyptus have a
hemispherical or conical covering, which falls off at anthesis.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A myrtaceous genus of trees, mostly Australian.
Many of them grow to an immense height, one or two species exceeding
the height even of the California Sequoia.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have rigid, entire leaves with one edge turned toward
the zenith. Most of them secrete resinous gums, whence they called
<i>gum trees</i>, and their timber is of great value. <i>Eucalyptus
Globulus</i> is the blue gum; <i>E. gigantea</i>, the stringy bark:
<i>E. amygdalina</i>, the peppermint tree. <i>E. Gunnii</i>, the
Tasmanian cider tree, yields a refreshing drink from wounds made in
the bark in the spring. Other species yield oils, tars, acids, dyes
and tans. It is said that miasmatic valleys in Algeria and Portugal,
and a part of the unhealthy Roman Campagna, have been made more
salubrious by planting groves of these trees.</p>

<p><! p. 514 !></p>

<p><hw>||Eu"cha*ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>eucharis</i> agreeable, Gr. <grk>e'y`charis</grk> See
<u>Eucharist</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of South American
amaryllidaceous plants with large and beautiful white
blossoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"cha*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eucharistia</i>, Gr. <grk>e'ycharisti`a</grk>, lit., a giving of
thanks; <grk>e'y^</grk> + <grk>cha`ris</grk> favor, grace, thanks;
akin to <grk>chai`rein</grk> to rejoice, and prob. to <i>yearn</i>:
cf. F. <i>eucharistie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of giving
thanks; thanksgiving.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Led through the vale of tears to the region of
<i>eucharist</i> and hallelujahs.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The sacrament of the Lord's
Supper; the solemn act of ceremony of commemorating the death of
Christ, in the use of bread and wine, as the appointed emblems; the
communion.</def></p>

<p> -- See <u>Sacrament</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu`cha*ris"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Eu`cha*ris"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>eucharistie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Giving thanks; expressing thankfulness; rejoicing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>eucharistical</i> part of our daily
devotions.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the Lord's Supper.</def>
"The <i>eucharistic</i> sacrament."  <i>Sir. G. C. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu"chite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; to
pray.] <def>One who resolves religion into prayer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu*chlo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>e'y`chlwro`s</grk> fresh and green; <grk>e'y^</grk> well +
<grk>chlwro`s</grk> pale green.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Relating to, or
consisting of, euchlorine; as, <i>euchloric</i> gas.</def>
<i>Davy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu*chlo"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>euchlorine</i>. See <u>Euchloric</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
yellow or greenish yellow gas, first prepared by Davy, evolved from
potassium chlorate and hydrochloric acid. It is supposed to consist
of chlorine tetroxide with some free chlorine.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Eu`cho*lo"gi*on</hw> (?), <hw>Eu*chol"o*gy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>euchologion</i>, Gr. &?; prayer book;
&?; prayer, vow (fr. &?; to pray) + &?; to say, speak.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A formulary of prayers; the book of offices in
the Greek Church, containing the liturgy, sacraments, and forms of
prayers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"cho*logue</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>euchologe</i>.]
<def>Euchology.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Eu"chre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. from F.
<i>&eacute;cart&eacute;</i>.] <def>A game at cards, that may be
played by two, three, or four persons, the highest card (except when
an extra card called the Joker is used) being the knave of the same
suit as the trump, and called <i>right bower</i>, the lowest card
used being the seven, or frequently, in two-handed euchre, the nine
spot. See <u>Bower</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"chre</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To defeat, in a game of euchre, the side that named the
trump.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To defeat or foil thoroughly in any
scheme.</def> [Slang.]</p>

<p><hw>Eu*chro"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; well-
colored; &?; well + &?; color.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having a fine
color.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Euchroic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an organic,
imide acid, obtained as a colorless crystalline substance,
C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub> by heating an
ammonium salt of mellitic acid. By reduction it is changed to a dark
blue substance (<i>euchrone</i>), -- hence its name.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eu"chro*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Euchroic</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occurring in
transparent emerald green crystals. It is hydrous arseniate of
copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"chrone</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
substance obtained from euchroic acid. See <u>Eychroic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"chy*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; well + &?;
juice liquid. See <u>Chyme</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A good state of
the blood and other fluids of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"clase</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; well, easily +
&?; to break.  Cf. F. <i>euclase</i>, G. <i>euklas</i>. See named
from its brittleness.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A brittle gem occurring in
light green, transparent crystals, affording a brilliant
clinodiagonal cleavage. It is a silicate of alumina and
glucina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"clid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Greek geometer
of the 3d century <u>b. c.</u>; also, his treatise on geometry, and
hence, the principles of geometry, in general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*clid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Related to
Euclid, or to the geometry of Euclid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Euclidian space</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the kind of
space to which the axioms and definitions of Euclid, relative to
straight lines and parallel lines, apply; -- called also <i>flat
space</i>, and <i>homaloidal space</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Eu`co*pep"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Eu-</u> and <u>Copepoda</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group
which includes the typical copepods and the lerneans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"cra*sy</hw> (?). [Gr. &?;; &?;, well-tempered;
<grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?; to mix, temper: cf. F. <i>eucrasie</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Such a due mixture of qualities in bodies as
constitutes health or soundness.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Euc"tic*al</hw> (?) [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to pray, wish.]
<def>Expecting a wish; supplicatory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sacrifices . . . distinguished into expiatory,
<i>euctical</i>, and eucharistical.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Law.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu*de"mon</hw>, <hw>Eu*d&aelig;"mon</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>e'y^</grk> well, good + &?; one's
demon.] <def>A good angel.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu`de*mon"ics</hw>, <hw>Eu`d&aelig;*mon"ics</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; conducive to happiness. See
<u>Eudemonism</u>.] <def>That part of moral philosophy which treats
of happiness; the science of happiness; -- contrasted with
<i>aretaics</i>.</def>  <i>J. Grote.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu*de"mon*ism</hw>, <hw>Eu*d&aelig;"mon*ism</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a thinking happy, fr, &?; blessed with
a good genius, happy; <grk>e'y^</grk> well, good + &?; one's demon of
genius. See <u>Demon</u>.] <def>That system of ethics which defines
and enforces moral obligation by its relation to happiness or
personal well-being.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu*de"mon*ist</hw>, <hw>Eu*d&aelig;"mon*ist</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who believes in eudemonism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am too much of a <i>eud&aelig;monist</i>; I hanker
too much after a state of happiness both for myself and
others.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu*de`mon*is"tic</hw> , <hw>Eu*d&aelig;`mon*is"tic</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
eudemonism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu*de`mon*is"tic*al</hw>, <hw>Eu*d&aelig;`mon*is"tic*al</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Eudemonistic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*di"a*lyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>e'y^</grk> well, easily + &?; to dissolve. So called because
easily dissolvable in acids.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a
brownish red color and vitreous luster, consisting chiefly of the
silicates of iron, zirconia, and lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu`di*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fair,
clear weather, fr. &?; fine, clear ( said of the air or weather) +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>ediom&egrave;tre</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An instrument for the volumetric measurement of gases; -- so
named because frequently used to determine the purity of the
air.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It usually consists of a finely graduated and calibrated
glass tube, open at one end, the bottom; and having near the top a
pair of platinum wires fused in, to allow the passage of an electric
spark, as the process involves the explosion and combustion of one of
the ingredients to be determined. The operation is conducted in a
trough of mercury, or sometimes over water.  Cf. <u>Burette</u>.
<i>Ure's eudiometer</i> has the tube bent in the form of the letter.
U.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu`di*o*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Eu`di*o*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a eudiometer; as,
<i>eudiometrical</i> experiments or results.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu`di*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>eudiom&eacute;trie</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The art or process of
determining the constituents of a gaseous mixture by means of the
eudiometer, or for ascertaining the purity of the air or the amount
of oxygen in it.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu`di*pleu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?; double + &?; rib,&?;, pl.,side.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The fundamental forms of organic life, that are
composed of two equal and symmetrical halves.</def>  <i>Syd. Soc.
Lex.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu*dox"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of Eudoxius, patriarch of Antioch and
Constantinople in the 4th century, and a celebrated defender of the
doctrines of Arius.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu`ga*noi"de*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>e'y^</grk> well + NL. <i>ganoidei</i>. See <u>Ganoid</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>A group which includes the bony ganoids, as
the gar pikes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu"ge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., well done! bravo!
Gr. &?;.] <def>Applause.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Eu*ge"ni*a</hw> (&usl;*j&emacr;"n&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named in honor of Prince <i>Eugene</i> of
Savoy.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of myrtaceous plants, mostly of
tropical countries, and including several aromatic trees and shrubs,
among which are the trees which produce allspice and cloves of
commerce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*gen"ic</hw> (&usl;*j&ebreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Eugenia</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, cloves; as, <i>eugenic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*gen"ic</hw> (&usl;*j&ebreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>e'ygenh`s</grk>.] <def>Well-born; of
high birth.</def>  <i>Atlantic Monthly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu*gen"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science of
improving stock, whether human or animal.</def>  <i>F.
Galton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu"ge*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
colorless, crystalline substance extracted from oil of cloves; --
called also <i>clove camphor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"ge*nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Eugenia</i> +
<i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, aromatic, liquid
hydrocarbon, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>2</sub> resembling the
phenols, and hence also called <i>eugenic acid</i>. It is found in
the oils of pimento and cloves.</def><BR>
</p>

<p><hw>Eu"ge*ny</hw> (?). [Gr. &?;, fr. <grk>e'ygenh`s</grk> well
born; <grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?; race.] <def>Nobleness of
birth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu*get"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Eu`ge*tin"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived
from, eugenol; as, <i>eugetic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eugh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Yew</u>.] <def>The
yew.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu*gu"bi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Eu"gu*bine</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the ancient town of
Eugubium (now Gubbio); as, the <i>Eugubine</i> tablets, or tables, or
inscriptions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu`har*mon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>-eu +
harmonic</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Producing mathematically perfect
harmony or concord; sweetly or perfectly harmonious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*hem"er*ism</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Euhemerus</i>, Gr. &?; a philosopher, about 300 &?;.] <def>The
theory, held by Euhemerus, that the gods of mythology were but
deified mortals, and their deeds only the amplification in
imagination of human acts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*hem"er*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
advocates euhemerism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*hem`er*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to euhemerism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*hem"er*ize</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
interpret (mythology) on the theory of euhemerism.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu`i*sop"o*da</hw> (?). <i>pl.</i> [NL. See <u>Eu-</u> and
<u>Isopoda</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group which includes the
typical Isopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu"la*chon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native Indian
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The candlefish. [Written also
<i>oulachan</i>, <i>oolacan</i>, and <i>ulikon</i>.] See
<u>Candlefish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*le"ri*an</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
Euler, a German mathematician of the 18th century.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Eulerian integrals</b></col>, <cd>certain definite
integrals whose properties were first investigated by Euler.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Eu*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Eulogy</u>.] <def>Bestowing praise of
eulogy; commendatory; eulogistic.</def> [R.] --
<wf>Eu*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Eu"lo*gist</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
eulogizes or praises; panegyrist; encomiast.</def>
<i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu`lo*gis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Eu`lo*gis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to eulogy; characterized
by eulogy; bestowing praise; panegyrical; commendatory; laudatory;
as, <i>eulogistic</i> speech or discourse.</def> --
<wf>Eu"lo*gis"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Eu*lo"gi*um</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Eulogiums</b></plw> (#). [LL., fr. Gr. &?; eulogy.] <def>A
formal eulogy.</def>  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu"lo*gize</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Eulogized</u>. (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Eulogizing</u> (?).] <def>To speak or write in
commendation of (another); to extol in speech or writing; to
praise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"lo*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Eulogies</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?;, from &?; well speaking;
<grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?; to speak.  Cf. <u>Eulogium</u>, and see
<u>Legend</u>.] <def>A speech or writing in commendation of the
character or services of a person; as, a fitting <i>eulogy</i> to
worth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Eulogies</i> turn into elegies.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Encomium; praise; panegyric; applause.  --
<u>Eulogy</u>, <u>Eulogium</u>, <u>Encomium</u>, <u>Panegyric</u>.
The idea of praise is common to all these words. The word
<i>encomium</i> is used of both persons and things which are the
result of human action, and denotes warm praise. <i>Eulogium</i> and
<i>eulogy</i> apply only to persons and are more studied and of
greater length. A <i>panegyric</i> was originally a set speech in a
full assembly of the people, and hence denotes a more formal
<i>eulogy</i>, couched in terms of warm and continuous praise,
especially as to personal character. We may bestow <i>encomiums</i>
on any work of art, on production of genius, without reference to the
performer; we bestow <i>eulogies</i>, or pronounce a <i>eulogium</i>,
upon some individual distinguished for his merit public services; we
pronounce a <i>panegyric</i> before an assembly gathered for the
occasion.</p>

<p><hw>Eu"ly*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>e'y^</grk>
well + &?; to dissolve.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral, consisting
chiefly of the silicate of bismuth, found at Freiberg; -- called also
<i>culytine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu*men"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., from
Gr. &?; lit., gracious goddesses.] <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A
euphemistic name for the Furies of Erinyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu*mol"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
sweetly singing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small beetles,
one species of which (<i>E. viti</i>) is very injurious to the vines
in the wine countries of Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*no"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of Eunomius, bishop of Cyzicus (4th
century <u>A. D.</u>), who held that Christ was not God but a created
being, having a nature different from that of the Father.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Eunomius or his
doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"no*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?; law.] <def>Equal law, or a well-adjusted
constitution of government.</def> [R.]  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu"nuch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>eunuchus</i>,
Gr. &?;, prop., keeping or guarding the couch; &?; couch, bed, + &?;
to have, hold, keep.] <def>A male of the human species castrated;
commonly, one of a class of such persons, in Oriental countries,
having charge of the women's apartments. Some of them, in former
times, gained high official rank.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu"nuch</hw> (?), <hw>Eu"nuch*ate</hw>, } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [L. <i>eunuchare</i>.] <def>To make a eunuch of; to
castrate. as a man.</def>  <i>Creech. Sir. T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu"nuch*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eunuchismus</i> an unmanning, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>eunuchisme</i>
eunuchism.] <def>The state of being eunuch.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu*on"y*min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A principle or mixture of principles derived from <i>Euonymus
atropurpureus</i>, or spindle tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu*on"y*mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. (cf. L.
<i>euonymos</i>). fr. Gr. &?;, lit., of good name.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of small European and American trees; the spindle tree.
The bark is used as a cathartic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu`or*ni"thes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.,
Gr. <grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?;, &?; a bird.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The division of Aves which includes all the typical birds, or
all living birds except the penguins and birds of ostrichlike
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*os"mitte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?; a smell.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A fossil
resin, so called from its strong, peculiar, pleasant odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"pa*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; comfort,
happy condition of the soul. See <u>Eu-</u>, and <u>Pathetic</u>.]
<def>Right feeling.</def> [R.]  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu*pat"o*rin Eu*pat"o*rine</hw> } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A principle or mixture of principles extracted
from various species of Eupatorium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu`pa*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Eupator</i>, king of Pontus, said to have used it as a medicine.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of perennial, composite herbs including
hemp agrimony, boneset, throughwort, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"pa*trid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>e'y^</grk>
well + &?; father.] <def>One well born, or of noble birth.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Eu*pep"si*a</hw> (?), <hw>Eu*pep"sy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>eupepsia</i>, Fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; easy
of digestion; <grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?; to cook, digest.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Soundness of the nutritive or digestive organs;
good concoction or digestion; -- opposed to
<i>dyspepsia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*pep"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Of
or pertaining to good digestion; easy of digestion; having a good
digestion; as, <i>eupeptic</i> food; an <i>eupeptic</i>
man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wrapt in lazy <i>eupeptic</i> fat.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu"phe*mism</hw> (&umacr;"f&esl;*m&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fr. &?; to use word of a good omen;
<grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?; to speak: cf. F. <i>euph&eacute;misme</i>.
See <u>Fame</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure in which a harsh or
indelicate word or expression is softened; a way of describing an
offensive thing by an inoffensive expression; a mild name for
something disagreeable.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu`phe*mis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Eu`phe*mis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to euphemism; containing a
euphemism; softened in expression.</def> --
<wf>Eu`phe*mis"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Eu"phe*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Euphemized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Euphemizing</u>.] [Gr. &?; .] <def>To express
by a euphemism, or in delicate language; to make use of euphemistic
expressions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*pho"ni*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Euphony</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument in which are
combined the characteristic tones of the organ and various other
instruments.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu*phon"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Eu*phon"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or exhibiting, euphony;
agreeable in sound; pleasing to the ear; euphonious; as, a
<i>euphonic</i> expression; <i>euphonical</i> orthography.</def></p>

<p><! p. 515 !></p>

<p><hw>Eu*phon"i*con</hw> (&usl;*f&obreve;n"&ibreve;*k&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Euphony</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kind
of upright piano.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*pho"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pleasing or
sweet in sound; euphonic; smooth-sounding.</def> <i>Hallam.</i> --
<wf>Eu*pho"ni*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Eu"pho*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An agreeable
combination of sounds; euphony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*pho"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Euphony</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A bass instrument of the saxhorn
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"pho*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
euphonic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Eu"pho*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Euphony</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument resembling the
organ in tone and the upright piano in form. It is characterized by
great strength and sweetness of tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"pho*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Euphonious.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Eu"pho*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Euphonies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>euphonia</i>, Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; sweet-voiced; <grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?; sound, voice; akin to
&?; to speak: cf. F. <i>euphonie</i>.] <def>A pleasing or sweet
sound; an easy, smooth enunciation of sounds; a pronunciation of
letters and syllables which is pleasing to the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu*phor"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>euphorbea</i>. See <u>Euphorrium</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Spurge,
or bastard spurge, a genus of plants of many species, mostly shrubby,
herbaceous succulents, affording an acrid, milky juice. Some of them
are armed with thorns. Most of them yield powerful emetic and
cathartic products.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu*phor`bi*a"ceous</hw> (?), <hw>Eu*phor"bi*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of, relating to, or
resembling, the Euphorbia family.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eu*phor"bin</hw>, <hw>Eu*phor"bine</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A principle, or mixture of
principles, derived from various species of
<i>Euphorbia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*phor"bi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>euphorbeum</i>, from Gr. &?;; -- so called after <i>Euphorbus</i>,
a Greek physician.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inodorous exudation,
usually in the form of yellow tears, produced chiefly by the African
<i>Euphorbia resinifera</i>. It was formerly employed medicinally,
but was found so violent in its effects that its use is nearly
abandoned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"pho*tide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?;, &?;, light. So called because of its
pleasing combination of white and green.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A rock
occurring in the Alps, consisting of saussurite and smaragdite; --
sometimes called <i>gabbro</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"phra*sy</hw> (&umacr;"fr&adot;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>euphrasia</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>e'yfrasi`a</grk> delight, fr. <grk>e'yfrai`nein</grk> to
delight; <grk>e'y^</grk> well + <grk>frh`n</grk> heart, mind: cf. LL.
<i>eufrasia</i>, F. <i>eufraise</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The plant
<i>eyebright</i> (<i>Euphrasia officionalis</i>), formerly regarded
as beneficial in disorders of the eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then purged with <i>euphrasy</i> and rue<BR>
The visual nerve, for he had much to see.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu"phroe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A block or long slat of wood, perforated for the passage of the
crowfoot, or cords by which an awning is held up.</def> [Written also
<i>uphroe</i> and <i>uvrou</i>.]  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu"phu*ism</hw> (&umacr;"f&usl;*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>e'yfyh`s</grk> well grown, graceful;
<grk>e'y^</grk> well + <grk>fyh`</grk> growth, fr. <grk>fy`ein</grk>
to grow. This affected style of conversation and writing, fashionable
for some time in the court of Elizabeth, had its origin from the fame
of Lyly's books, "<i>Euphues</i>, or the Anatomy of Wit," and
"<i>Euphues</i> and his England."] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>An affectation
of excessive elegance and refinement of language; high-flown
diction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"phu*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who affects
excessive refinement and elegance of language; -- applied esp. to a
class of writers, in the age of Elizabeth, whose productions are
marked by affected conceits and high-flown diction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu`phu*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to
the euphuists, or euphuism; affectedly refined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"phu*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To affect
excessive refinement in language; to be overnice in
expression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"pi*one</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; very fat;
<grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?; fat.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A limpid, oily
liquid obtained by the destructive distillation of various vegetable
and animal substances; -- specifically, an oil consisting largely of
the higher hydrocarbons of the paraffin series.</def> [Written also
<i>eupion</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Eu*pit"tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>eu-</i> +
<i>pitt</i>acal + <i>-one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow,
crystalline substance, resembling aurin, and obtained by the
oxidation of pittacal; -- called also <i>eupittonic acid</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>eupitton</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Eu`pit*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, eupittone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>eu-</i> +
<i>-plastic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having the capacity of becoming
organizable in a high degree, as the matter forming the false
membranes which sometimes result from acute inflammation in a healthy
person.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu*plas"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Organizable substance by which the tissues of an animal body are
renewed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu`plec*tel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; well plaited; <grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?; plaited.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>A genus of elegant, glassy sponges,
consisting of interwoven siliceous fibers, and growing in the form of
a cornucopia; -- called also <i>Venus's flower-basket</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu`plex*op"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>e'y^</grk> well + &?; to plait + &?; a wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of insects, including the earwig.
The anterior wings are short, in the form of elytra, while the
posterior wings fold up beneath them. See <u>Earwig</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eup*n&aelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. gr.
&?; easy breathing; &?; well + &?; to breathe.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Normal breathing where arterialization of the blood is normal,
in distinction from <i>dyspn&aelig;a</i>, in which the blood is
insufficiently arterialized.</def>  <i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu*pyr"i*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; well + &?;
fire.] <def>A contrivance for obtaining a light instantaneously, as a
lucifer match.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu*ra"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Eur</i>opean +
<i>Asian</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A child of a European parent
on the one side and an Asiatic on the other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One born of European parents in
Asia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*ra"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of European and
Asiatic descent; of or pertaining to both Europe and Asia; as, the
great <i>Eurasian</i> plain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*ra`si*at"io</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geog.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the continents of Europe and Asia
combined.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu*re"ka</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; I have found, perfect indicative
of &?; to find.] <def>The exclamation attributed to Archimedes, who
is said to have cried out "<i>Eureka</i>! <i>eureka</i>!" (I have
found it! I have found it!), upon suddenly discovering a method of
finding out how much the gold of King Hiero's crown had been alloyed.
Hence, an expression of triumph concerning a discovery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*rhip`i*du"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; well
+ &?; a fan + &?; a tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a fanlike
tail; belonging to the Eurhipidur&aelig;, a division of Aves which
includes all living birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"ri*pize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Euripus</u>.] <def>To whirl hither and thither.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Eu*ri"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;; &?;
well + &?; a rushing motion.] <def>A strait; a narrow tract of water,
where the tide, or a current, flows and reflows with violence, as the
ancient frith of this name between Eub&oelig;a and B&oelig;otia.
Hence, a flux and reflux.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu"rite</hw> (&umacr;"r&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>eurite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A compact feldspathic rock;
felsite. See <u>Felsite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*rit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to eurite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*roc"ly*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; the southeast wind + &?; wave, billow; according to another
reading, &?;, <i>i. e.</i> a north-east wind, as in the Latin Vulgate
<i>Euro-aquilo</i>.] <def>A tempestuous northeast wind which blows in
the Mediterranean. See <u>Levanter</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tempestuous wind called
<i>Euroclydon</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvii. 14.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu`ro*pe"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>europeaus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. Gr. &?; (L. <i>europa</i>.)] <def>Of
or pertaining to Europe, or to its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>On the European plan</b></col>, <cd>having rooms to let,
and leaving it optional with guests whether they will take meals in
the house; -- said of hotels.</cd> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Eu`ro*pe"an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or an
inhabitant of Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu`ro*pe"an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
cause to become like the Europeans in manners or character; to
habituate or accustom to European usages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A state of society . . . changed and
<i>Europeanized</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Eu"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., gr. &?;.]
<def>The east wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu*ry"a*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Euryale</i>, one of the Gorgons.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of water lilies, growing in India and China. The only
species (<i>E. ferox</i>) is very prickly on the peduncles and calyx.
The rootstocks and seeds are used as food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>A genus of ophiurans
with much-branched arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu`ry*al"i*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of Ophiuroidea, including the genera
Euryale, Astrophyton, etc. They generally have the arms branched. See
<u>Astrophyton</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*ryc"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; broad +
<grk>ke`ras</grk> horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having broad
horns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*ryp"ter*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Eurypterus</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Like, or
pertaining to, the genus Euryperus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu*ryp`te*roi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Eurypteroid</u>.] <i>(Paleont.)</i> <def>An extinct order of
Merostomata, of which the genus Eurypterus is the type. They are
found only in Paleozoic rocks.</def> [Written also
<i>Eurypterida</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Eu*ryp"te*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; broad + &?; a wing.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of extinct
Merostomata, found in Silurian rocks. Some of the species are more
than three feet long.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"ryth*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eurythmia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; well + &?; rhythm, measure,
proportion, symmetry: cf. F. <i>eurythmie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Just or harmonious proportion or movement, as
in the composition of a poem, an edifice, a painting, or a
statue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Regularly of the
pulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*se"bi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of Eusebius, bishop of C&aelig;sarea, who
was a friend and protector of Arius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*sta"chi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Eustachi</i>, a learned Italian physician who died in Rome, 1574.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Discovered by
Eustachius.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to the
Eustachian tube; as, <i>Eustachian</i> catheter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Eustachian catheter</b></col>, <cd>a tubular instrument to
be introduced into the Eustachian tube so as to allow of inflation of
the middle ear through the nose or mouth.</cd> -- <col><b>Eustrachian
tube</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a passage from the tympanum of the
ear to the pharynx. See <u>Ear</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Eustachian
valve</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a crescent-shaped fold of the
lining membrane of the heart at the entrance of the vena cava
inferior. It directs the blood towards the left auricle in the fetus,
but is rudimentary and functionless in the adult.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eu"style`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, neut. of
&?; with pillars at the best distances; &?; well + &?; pillar: cf. F.
<i>eustyle</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See
<u>Intercolumnlation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"tax*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; well +
&?; arrangement: cf. F. <i>eutaxie</i>.] <def>Good or established
order or arrangement.</def> [R.]  <i>E. Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu*ter"pe</hw> (?). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; delightful; &?;
well + &?; to delight.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i>
<def>The Muse who presided over music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of palms, some
species of which are elegant trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*ter"pe*an</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Euterpe or to music.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu`tha*na"si*a</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; well + &?; death, &?;, &?;, to die: cf. F.
<i>euthanasie</i>.] <def>An easy death; a mode of dying to be
desired.</def> "An <i>euthanasia</i> of all thought."
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The kindest wish of my friends is
<i>euthanasia</i>.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eu*than"a*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Euthanasia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu`thi*o*chro"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; well
+ &?; sulphur + &?; color.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
denoting, an acid so called.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Euthiochroic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a complex
derivative of hydroquinone and sulphonic (thionic) acid. -- so called
because it contains sulphur, and forms brilliantly colored (yellow)
salts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eu`thy*neu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; straight + &?; a nerve.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large
division of gastropod molluske, including the Pulmonifera and
Opisthobranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu"tro*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
nourishing, healthy; &?; well + &?; to nourish.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Healthy nutrition; soundless as regards the nutritive
functions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*tych"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of Eutyches [5th century], who held that
the divine and the human in the person of Christ were blended
together as to constitute but one nature; a monophysite; -- opposed
to <i>Nestorian</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*tych"i*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>The doctrine of Eutyches and his followers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eux*an"thic</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Having a yellow color; pertaining to, derived from, or
resembling, euxanthin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Euxanthic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a yellow,
crystalline, organic acid, extracted from euxanthin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eux*an"thin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; well + &?;
yellow.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow pigment imported from India and
China. It has a strong odor, and is said to be obtained from the
urine of herbivorous animals when fed on the mango.  It consists if a
magnesium salt of euxanthic acid. Called also <i>puri</i>,
<i>purree</i>, and <i>Indian yellow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eux"e*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; hospitable.
So named because it contains a number of rare elements.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A brownish black mineral with a metallic luster,
found in Norway. It contains niobium, titanium, yttrium, and uranium,
with some other metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*va"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-</i> +
<i>vacate</i>.] <def>To empty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vac"u*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evacuans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>evacuare</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;vacuant</i>.] <def>Emptying; evacuative; purgative;
cathartic.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
purgative or cathartic.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vac"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Evacuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Evacuating</u>.] [l. <i>evacuatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>evacuare</i> to empty, nullify; <i>e</i> out + <i>vacuus</i>
empty, <i>vacare</i> to be empty. See <u>Vacate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make empty; to empty out; to remove the
contents of; as, to <i>evacuate</i> a vessel or dish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To make empty; to deprive.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Evacuate</i> the Scriptures of their most important
meaning.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remove; to eject; to void; to
discharge, as the contents of a vessel, or of the bowels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw from; to quit; to retire from;
as, soldiers from a country, city, or fortress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Norwegians were forced to <i>evacuate</i> the
country.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make void; to nullify; to vacate; as,
to <i>evacuate</i> a contract or marriage.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vac"u*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To let
blood</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vac`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evacuatio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;vacuation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of emptying, clearing of the
contents, or discharging.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Withdrawal of troops from a town, fortress,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Voidance of any
matter by the natural passages of the body or by an artificial
opening; defecation; also, a diminution of the fluids of an animal
body by cathartics, venesection, or other means.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is evacuated or discharged;
especially, a discharge by stool or other natural means.</def>
<i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Abolition; nullification.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Evacuation day</b></col>, <cd>the anniversary of the day
on which the British army evacuated the city of New York, November
25, 1783.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*vac"u*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;vacuatif</i>.] <def>Serving of tending to evacuate;
cathartic; purgative.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vac"u*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
evacuates; a nullifier.</def> "<i>Evacuators</i> of the law."
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vac"u*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
purgative.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Evaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>.
<u>Evading</u>.] [L. <i>evadere</i>, <i>evasum</i>, <i>e</i> out +
<i>vadere</i> to go, walk: cf. F. s'&eacute;vader. See <u>Wade</u>.]
<def>To get away from by artifice; to avoid by dexterity, subterfuge,
address, or ingenuity; to elude; to escape from cleverly; as, to
<i>evade</i> a blow, a pursuer, a punishment; to <i>evade</i> the
force of an argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heathen had a method, more truly their own, of
<i>evading</i> the Christian miracles.</blockquote>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To escape; to slip away; -- sometimes with <i>from</i>.</def>
"<i>Evading</i> from perils."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Unarmed they might<BR>
Have easily, as spirits <i>evaded</i> swift<BR>
By quick contraction or remove.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attempt to escape; to practice artifice
or sophistry, for the purpose of eluding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ministers of God are not to <i>evade</i> and take
refuge any of these . . . ways.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To equivocate; shuffle. See <u>Prevaricate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>E*vad"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being evaded.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ev`a*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evagatio</i>, fr. <i>evagari</i> to wander forth: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;vagation</i>. See <u>Vagary</u>.] <def>A wandering about;
excursion; a roving.</def> [R.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vag`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evaginatio</i> an extending, <i>evaginare</i> to unsheathe;
<i>e</i> out + <i>vagina</i> sheath.] <def>The act of
unsheathing.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"val</hw> (&emacr;"v<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>aevum</i> lifetime, age, eternity.] <def>Relating to time or
duration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 516 !></p>

<p><hw>E*val"u*ate</hw> (&esl;*v&abreve;l"&usl;*&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [See <u>Evaluation</u>.] <def>To fix the value of; to
rate; to appraise.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*val`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;valuation</i>, LL. <i>evaluatio</i>.] <def>Valuation;
appraisement.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`a*nesce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Evanesced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Evanescing</u>. (&?;).] [L. <i>evanescere</i>;
<i>e</i> out + <i>vanescere</i> to vanish, fr. <i>vanus</i> empty,
vain. See <u>Vain</u>, and cf. <u>Evanish</u>.] <def>To vanish away;
to become dissipated and disappear, like vapor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I believe him to have <i>evanesced</i> or
evaporated.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`a*nes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
state of vanishing away; disappearance; as, the <i>evanescence</i> of
vapor, of a dream, of earthly plants or hopes.</def>
<i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`a*nes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evanescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>evanescere</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Liable to vanish or pass away like vapor;
vanishing; fleeting; as, <i>evanescent</i> joys.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>evanescent</i> are the fashions of the world in
these particulars.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vanishing from notice;
imperceptible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The difference between right and wrong, is some petty
cases, is almost <i>evanescent</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wollaston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`a*nes"cent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
vanishing manner; imperceptibly.</def>  <i>Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*van"gel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;vangile</i>, L. <i>evangelium</i>, Gr. &?; good news, glad
tidings, gospel, fr. &?; bringing good news; &?; well + &?; to bear a
message. See <u>Eu-</u>, and cf. <u>Evangely</u>.] <def>Good news;
announcement of glad tidings; especially, the gospel, or a
gospel.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her funeral anthem is a glad
<i>evangel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`van*ge"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rendering
thanks for favors.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`van*gel"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evangelicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>&eacute;vang&eacute;lique</i>.
See <u>Evangel</u>.] <def>Belonging to, or contained in, the gospel;
evangelical.</def> "<i>Evangelic</i> truth."  <i>J. Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`van*gel"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contained in, or relating to, the four
Gospels; as, the <i>evangelical</i> history.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to, agreeable or consonant to,
or contained in, the gospel, or the truth taught in the New
Testament; as, <i>evangelical</i> religion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Earnest for the truth taught in the
gospel; strict in interpreting Christian doctrine; pre&euml;minently
orthodox; -- technically applied to that party in the Church of
England, and in the Protestant Episcopal Church, which holds the
doctrine of "Justification by Faith alone;" the Low Church party. The
term is also applied to other religious bodies not regarded as
orthodox.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Evangelical Alliance</b></col>, <cd>an alliance for mutual
strengthening and common work, comprising Christians of different
denominations and countries, organized in Liverpool, England, in
1845.</cd> -- <col><b>Evangelical Church</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The Protestant Church in Germany.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A church founded by a fusion of Lutherans and
Calvinists in Germany in 1817.</cd> -- <col><b>Evangelical
Union</b></col>, <cd>a religious sect founded in Scotland in 1843 by
the Rev. James Morison; -- called also <i>Morisonians</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E`van*gel"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of
evangelical principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`van*gel"ic*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Adherence to evangelical doctrines; evangelism.</def>  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`van*gel"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
evangelical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`van*gel"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being evangelical.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`van*gel"i*cism</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Evangelical principles; evangelism.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*van`ge*lic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Evangelicism.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*van"gel*ism</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The preaching
or promulgation of the gospel.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*van"gel*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;vang&eacute;liste</i>, L. <i>evangelista</i>, fr. Gr.
&?;.] <def>A bringer of the glad tidings of Church and his
doctrines.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A missionary
preacher sent forth to prepare the way for a resident pastor; an
itinerant missionary preacher.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
writer of one of the four Gospels (With the definite article); as,
the four <i>evangelists</i>, Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A traveling preacher whose efforts are
chiefly directed to arouse to immediate repentance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Apostles, so far as they evangelized, might claim
the title though there were many <i>evangelists</i> who were not
Apostles.</blockquote> <i>Plumptre.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*van`gel*is"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>evangelistarium</i>.] <def>A selection of passages from the
Gospels, as a lesson in divine service.</def>  <i>Porson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*van`gel*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to the four evangelists; designed or fitted to
evangelize; evangelical; as, <i>evangelistic</i> efforts.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*van`gel*i*za"tion</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of evangelizing; the state of being evangelized.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The work of Christ's ministers is
<i>evangelization</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*van"gel*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Evangelized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Evangelizing</u> (?)]. [F.
<i>&eacute;vang&eacute;lisre</i>, LL. <i>evangelizare</i>, fr. Gr.
&?;.] <def>To instruct in the gospel; to preach the gospel to; to
convert to Christianity; as, to <i>evangelize</i> the
world.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His apostles whom he sends<BR>
To <i>evangelize</i> the nations.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*van"gel*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To preach the
gospel.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*van"ge*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Evangel.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sacred pledge of Christ's
<i>evangely</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*van"gile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;vangile</i>. See <u>Evangel</u>.] <def>Good tidings;
evangel.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Above all, the Servians . . . read, with much avidity,
the <i>evangile</i> of their freedom.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*van"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>evanidus</i>,
fr. <i>evanescere</i>. See <u>Evanesce</u>.] <def>Liable to vanish or
disappear; faint; weak; evanescent; as, <i>evanid</i> color.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They are very transitory and
<i>evanid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*van"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>e-</i> +
<i>vanish</i>: cf. L. <i>evanescere</i>. See <u>Evanesce</u>,
<u>vanish</u>.] <def>To vanish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or like the rainbow's lovely form,<BR>
<i>Evanishing</i> amid the storm.</blockquote> <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*van"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
vanishing; disappearance.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vap"o*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being converted into vapor, or dissipated by evaporation.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vap"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Evaporated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Evaporating</u> (?).] [L. <i>evaporatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>evaporare</i>; <i>e</i> out + <i>vapor</i> steam or vapor. See
<u>Vapor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass off in vapor, as a
fluid; to escape and be dissipated, either in visible vapor, or in
particles too minute to be visible.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To escape or pass off without effect; to
be dissipated; to be wasted, as, the spirit of a writer often
<i>evaporates</i> in the process of translation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To give moderate liberty for griefs and discontents to
<i>evaporate</i> . . . is a safe way.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vap"o*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To convert from a liquid or solid state into vapor (usually) by
the agency of heat; to dissipate in vapor or fumes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expel moisture from (usually by means
of artificial heat), leaving the solid portion; to subject to
evaporation; as, to <i>evaporate</i> apples.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give vent to; to dissipate.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My lord of Essex <i>evaporated</i> his thoughts in a
sonnet.</blockquote> <i>Sir. H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Evaporating surface</b></col> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i>,
<cd>that part of the heating surface with which water is in
contact.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*vap"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evaporatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Dispersed in vapors.</def>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vap`o*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evaporatio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;vaporation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The process by which any substance is
converted from a liquid state into, and carried off in, vapor; as,
the <i>evaporation</i> of water, of ether, of camphor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The transformation of a portion of a fluid
into vapor, in order to obtain the fixed matter contained in it in a
state of greater consistence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is evaporated; vapor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>See
<u>Vaporization</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vap"o*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evaporatius</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;vaporatif</i>.] <def>Pertaining
to, or producing, evaporation; as, the <i>evaporative</i>
process.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vap"o*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
apparatus for condensing vegetable juices, or for drying fruit by
heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vap`o*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evaporare</i> to evaporate + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;vaporm&egrave;tre</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
instrument for ascertaining the quantity of a fluid evaporated in a
given time; an atmometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*va"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
evaded.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*va"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>evasio</i>:
cf. F. <i>&eacute;vasion</i>. See <u>Evade</u>.] <def>The act of
eluding or avoiding, particularly the pressure of an argument,
accusation, charge, or interrogation; artful means of
eluding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou . . . by <i>evasions</i> thy crime uncoverest
more.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Shift; subterfuge; shuffling; prevarication;
equivocation.</p>

<p><hw>E*va"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;vasif</i>. See <u>Evade</u>.] <def>Tending to evade, or
marked by evasion; elusive; shuffling; avoiding by
artifice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus he, though conscious of the ethereal guest,<BR>
Answered <i>evasive</i> of the sly request.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Stammered out a few <i>evasive</i>
phrases.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>E*va"sive*ly</wf> , <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>E*va"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Eve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Even</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Evening.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Winter oft, at <i>eve</i> resumes the
breeze.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The evening before a holiday, -- from the
Jewish mode of reckoning the day as beginning at sunset, not at
midnight; as, Christians <i>eve</i> is the evening before Christmas;
also, the period immediately preceding some important event.</def>
"On the <i>eve</i> of death."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Eve churr</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>, <cd>the European
goatsucker or nightjar; -- called also <i>night churr</i>, and
<i>churr owl</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E*vec"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; healthy.]
<def>The branch of medical science which teaches the method of
acquiring a good habit of body.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*vec"tion</hw> (?). [L. <i>evectio</i> a going up, fr.
<i>evehere</i> to carry out; <i>e out</i> + <i>vehere</i> to carry:
cf. F <i>&eacute;vection</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
carrying up or away; exaltation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
inequality of the moon's motion is its orbit to the attraction of the
sun, by which the equation of the center is diminished at the
syzygies, and increased at the quadratures by about 1&deg;
20&prime;.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The libration of the
moon.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"ven</hw> (&emacr;v"'n) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>eve</i>,
<i>even</i>, <i>efen</i>, <i>&aelig;fen</i>. AS. <i>&aemacr;fen</i>;
akin to OS. <i>&amacr;band</i>, OFries, <i>&amacr;vend</i>, D.
<i>avond</i>, OHG. <i>&amacr;band</i>, Icel. <i>aptan</i>, Sw.
<i>afton</i>, Dan. <i>aften</i>; of unknown origin.  Cf. <u>Eve</u>,
<u>Evening</u>.] <def>Evening. See <u>Eve</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
1.</def> [Poetic.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"ven</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>efen</i>. <i>efn</i>;
akin to OS. <i>eban</i>, D. <i>even</i>, OHG. <i>eban</i>, G.
<i>efen</i>, Icel. <i>jafn</i>, Dan. <i>jevn</i>, Sw.
<i>j&auml;mn</i>, Goth. <i>ibns</i>.  Cf. <u>Anent</u>, <u>Ebb</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Level, smooth, or equal in surface; not
rough; free from irregularities; hence uniform in rate of motion of
action; as, <i>even</i> ground; an <i>even</i> speed; an <i>even</i>
course of conduct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Equable; not easily ruffed or disturbed;
calm; uniformly self-possessed; as, an <i>even</i> temper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Parallel; on a level; reaching the same
limit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And shall lay thee <i>even</i> with the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Luke xix. 44.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Balanced; adjusted; fair; equitable;
impartial; just to both side; owing nothing on either side; -- said
of accounts, bargains, or persons indebted; as, our accounts are
<i>even</i>; <i>an even</i> bargain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make the <i>even</i> truth in pleasure
flow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Without an irregularity, flaw, or blemish;
pure.</def> "I know my life so <i>even</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Associate; fellow; of the same
condition.</def> [Obs.] "His <i>even</i> servant."  <i>Wyclif (Matt.
xviii. 29).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Not odd; capable of division by two
without a remainder; -- said of numbers; as, 4 and 10 are <i>even</i>
numbers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether the number of the stars is <i>even</i> or
odd.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On even ground</b></col>, <cd>with equal advantage.</cd> -
- <col><b>On even keel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>in a level or
horizontal position.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E"ven</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Evened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Evening</u> (?)] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make even or level; to
level; to lay smooth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His temple Xerxes <i>evened</i> with the
soil.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It will <i>even</i> all inequalities</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To equal.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>even</i> him
in valor."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To place in an equal state, as to
obligation, or in a state in which nothing is due on either side; to
balance, as accounts; to make quits.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To set right; to complete.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To act up to; to keep pace with.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"ven</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
equal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R. Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"ven</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>efne</i>. See
<u>Even</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>E'en</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an equal or precisely similar manner;
equally; precisely; just; likewise; as well.</def> "Is it <i>even</i>
so?"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Even</i> so did these Gauls possess the
coast.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Up to, or down to, an unusual measure or
level; so much as; fully; quite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou wast a soldier<BR>
<i>Even</i> to Cato's wish.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Without . . . making us <i>even</i> sensible of the
change.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>As might not be expected; -- serving to
introduce what is unexpected or less expected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have made several discoveries, which appear new,
<i>even</i> to those who are versed in critical
learning.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>At the very time; in the very
case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I knew they were bad enough to please, <i>even</i>
when I wrote them.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Even</i> is sometimes used to emphasize a word or
phrase. "I have debated <i>even</i> in my soul."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By these presence, <i>even</i> the presence of Lord
Mortimer.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>evenire</i>.
See <u>Event</u>.] <def>To happen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hewyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"ven*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which makes even.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In vehicles, a swinging crossbar, to the
ends of which other crossbars, or whiffletrees, are hung, to equalize
the draught when two or three horses are used abreast.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"ven*fall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Beginning of
evening.</def> "At the quiet <i>evenfall</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"ven*hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Equality.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"ven*hand`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fair or
impartial; unbiased.</def> "<i>Evenhanded</i> justice." <i>Shak.</i>
-- <wf>E"ven*hand`ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>E"ven*hand`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<pos><i>&?;.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E"ven*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&aemacr;fnung</i>. See <u>even</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Eve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The latter part and close of the
day, and the beginning of darkness or night; properly, the decline of
the day, or of the sun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the ascending scale<BR>
Of heaven, the stars that usher <i>evening</i> rose.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Sometimes, especially in the Southern parts of the United
States, the afternoon is called <i>evening</i>.  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The latter portion, as of life; the
declining period, as of strength or glory.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Sometimes used adjectively; as, <i>evening</i> gun.
"<i>Evening</i> Prayer."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Evening flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus of
iridaceous plants (<i>Hesperantha</i>) from the Cape of Good Hope,
with sword-shaped leaves, and sweet-scented flowers which expand in
the evening.</cd> -- <col><b>Evening grosbeak</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American singing bird (<i>Coccothraustes
vespertina</i>) having a very large bill. Its color is olivaceous,
with the crown, wings, and tail black, and the under tail coverts
yellow. So called because it sings in the evening.</cd> --
<col><b>Evening primrose</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Primrose</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>The evening star</b></col>, <cd>the
bright star of early evening in the western sky, soon passing below
the horizon; specifically, the planet Venus; -- called also
<i>Vesper</i> and <i>Hesperus</i>. During portions of the year, Mars,
Jupiter, and Saturn are also evening stars. See <u>Morning
Star</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>E"ven*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With an even,
level, or smooth surface; without roughness, elevations, or
depression; uniformly; equally; comfortably; impartially;
serenely.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"ven*mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
equanimity.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"ven*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
ven, level, or disturbed; smoothness; horizontal position;
uniformity; impartiality; calmness; equanimity; appropriate place or
level; as, <i>evenness</i> of surface, of a fluid at rest, of motion,
of dealings, of temper, of condition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It had need be something extraordinary, that must
warrant an ordinary person to rise higher than his own
<i>evenness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"ven*song`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&aemacr;fensang</i>.] <def>A song for the evening; the evening
service or form of worship (in the Church of England including
vespers and compline); also, the time of evensong.</def>  <i>Wyclif.
Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>eventus</i>, fr.
<i>evenire</i> to happen, come out; <i>e</i> out + <i>venire</i> to
come. See <u>Come</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which comes,
arrives, or happens; that which falls out; any incident, good or
bad.</def> "The <i>events</i> of his early years."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To watch quietly the course of
<i>events</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. )</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is one <i>event</i> to the righteous, and to the
wicked.</blockquote> <i>Eccl. ix. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An affair in hand; business;
enterprise.</def> [Obs.] "Leave we him to his <i>events</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The consequence of anything; the issue;
conclusion; result; that in which an action, operation, or series of
operations, terminates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dark doubts between the promise and
<i>event</i>.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Incident; occurrence; adventure; issue; result;
termination; consequence; conclusion.  -- <u>Event</u>,
<u>Occurrence</u>, <u>Incident</u>, <u>Circumstance</u>. An
<i>event</i> denotes that which arises from a preceding state of
things. Hence we speak or watching the <i>event</i>; of tracing the
progress of <i>events</i>. An <i>occurrence</i> has no reference to
any antecedents, but simply marks that which <i>meets</i> us in our
progress through life, as if by chance, or in the course of divine
providence. The things which thus meet us, if important, are usually
connected with antecedents; and hence <i>event</i> is the leading
term. In the "Declaration of Independence" it is said, "When, in the
cource of human <i>events</i>, it becomes necessary." etc. Here,
<i>occurrences</i> would be out of place. An <i>incident</i> is that
which <i>falls into</i> a state of things to which is does not
primarily belong; as, the <i>incidents</i> of a journey. The term is
usually applied to things of secondary importance. A
<i>circumstance</i> is one of the things surrounding us in our path
of life. These may differ greatly in importance; but they are always
<i>outsiders</i>, which operate upon us from without, exerting
greater or less influence according to their intrinsic importance. A
person giving an account of a campaign might dwell on the leading
<i>events</i> which it produced; might mention some of its striking
<i>occurrences</i>; might allude to some remarkable <i>incidents</i>
which attended it; and might give the details of the favorable or
adverse <i>circumstances</i> which marked its progress.</p>

<p><! p. 517  !></p>

<p><hw>E*vent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;venter</i> to fan, divulge, LL. <i>eventare</i> to fan,
fr., L. <i>e</i> out + <i>ventus</i> wind.] <def>To break
forth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ven"ter*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>e</i>
out + <i>venter</i> the belly: cf. F. <i>&eacute;venter</i>.] <def>To
rip open; to disembowel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir. T. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vent"ful</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of, or rich
in, events or incidents; as, an <i>eventful</i> journey; an
<i>eventful</i> period of history; an <i>eventful</i> period of
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"ven*tide`</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&aemacr;fent&imacr;d</i>. See <u>Tide</u>.] <def>The time of
evening; evening.</def> [Poetic.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ven"ti*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eventilatus</i>, p. p. of <i>eventilare</i> to fan. See
<u>Ventilate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To winnow out; to
fan.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discuss; to ventilate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ven`ti*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of eventilating; discussion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Berkely.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vent"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
events; tame; monotonous; marked by nothing unusual;
uneventful.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ev`en*tog"na*thi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Dr. &?; well + &?; within <grk>gna`qos</grk> the jaw.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fishes including a vast number
of freshwater species such as the carp, loach, chub, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`ven*tra*tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>e</i> out
+ <i>venter</i> belly.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
tumor containing a large portion of the abdominal viscera, occasioned
by relaxation of the walls of the abdomen.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A wound, of large extent, in the abdomen, through which the
greater part of the intestines protrude.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The act of disemboweling.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ven"tu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;ventiel</i>. See <u>Event</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Coming or happening as a consequence or result;
consequential.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Final; ultimate.</def> "<i>Eventual</i>
success."  <i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Dependent on events;
contingent.</def>  <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ven`tu*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Eventualities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;ventualit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The coming
as a consequence; contingency; also, an event which comes as a
consequence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>Disposition to take
cognizance of events.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ven"tu*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
eventual manner; finally; ultimately.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ven"tu*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Eventuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Eventuating</u>.] <def>To come out finally or in
conclusion; to result; to come to pass.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ven`tu*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
eventuating or happening as a result; the outcome.</def>  <i>R. W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev"er</hw> (?) <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ever</i>,
<i>&aelig;fre</i>, AS. <i>&aelig;fre</i>; perh. akin to AS.
<i>&amacr;</i> always.  Cf. <u>Aye</u>, <u>Age</u>,<u>Evry</u>,
<u>Never</u>.] [Sometimes contracted into <i>e'er</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At any time; at any period or point of
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man <i>ever</i> yet hated his own
flesh.</blockquote> <i>Eph. v. 29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At all times; through all time; always;
forever.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall <i>ever</i> love, and always be<BR>
The subject of by scorn and cruelty.</blockquote> <i>Dryder.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without cessation; continually.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ever</i> is sometimes used as an intensive or a word of
enforcement. "His the old man <i>e'er</i> a son?"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To produce as much as <i>ever</i> they
can.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ever and anon</b></col>, <cd>now and then; often. See
under <u>Anon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ever is one</b></col>,
<cd>continually; constantly.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> --
<col><b>Ever so</b></col>, <cd>in whatever degree; to whatever
extent; -- used to intensify indefinitely the meaning of the
associated adjective or adverb. See <i>Never so</i>, under
<u>Never</u>.</cd>   "Let him be <i>ever so</i> rich."
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And all the question (wrangle <i>e'er so</i>
long),<BR>
Is only this, if God has placed him wrong.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You spend <i>ever so</i> much money in entertaining
your equals and betters.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>For ever</b></col>, <cd>eternally. See
<u>Forever</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>For ever and a day</b></col>,
<cd>emphatically forever.</cd> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She [Fortune] soon wheeled away, with scornful
laughter, out of sight <i>for ever and day</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Or ever</b></col> (for <i>or ere</i>), <cd>before. See
<u>Or</u>, <u>ere</u>.</cd> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Would I had met my dearest foe in heaven<BR>
<i>Or ever</i> I had seen that day, Horatio!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ever</i> is sometimes joined to its adjective by a
hyphen, but in most cases the hyphen is needless; as, <i>ever
memorable</i>, <i>ever watchful</i>, <i>ever burning</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ev`er*dur"ing</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Everlasting.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`er*glade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A swamp or low
tract of land inundated with water and interspersed with hummocks, or
small islands, and patches of high grass; as, the <i>everglades</i>
of Florida.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ev"er*green</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Remaining unwithered through the winter, or retaining unwithered
leaves until the leaves of the next year are expanded, as pines
cedars, hemlocks, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ev"er*green</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An evergreen plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Twigs and branches of evergreen
plants used for decoration.</def> "The funeral <i>evengreens</i>
entwine."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ev"er*ich</hw> (?), <hw>Ev"er*ych</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. see <u>Every</u>.] <def>each one; every
one; each of two. See <u>Every</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ev`er*ich*on"</hw>, <hw>Ev`er*ych*on"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [OE. <i>everich</i> + <i>oon</i>, <i>on</i>,
one. See <u>Every</u>, and <u>One</u>.] <def>Every one.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ever*last"ing</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Lasting or enduring forever; exsisting or continuing without
end; immortal; eternal.</def> "The <i>Everlasting</i> God."  <i>Gen.
xx1. 33.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Continuing indefinitely, or during a long
period; perpetual; sometimes used, colloquially, as a strong
intensive; as, this <i>everlasting</i> nonsence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will give to thee, and to thy seed after thee . . .
the land of Canaan, for an <i>everlasting</i>
possession.</blockquote> <i>Gen xvii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And heard thy <i>everlasting</i> yawn confess<BR>
The pains and penalties of idleness.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Eternal; immortal, interminable; endless; never-
ending; infinite; unceasing; uninterrupted; continual; unintermitted;
incessant. -- <u>Everlasting</u>, <u>Eternal</u>. <i>Eternal</i>
denotes (when taken strictly) without beginning or end of duration;
<i>everlasting</i> is sometimes used in our version of the Scriptures
in the sense of <i>eternal</i>, but in modern usage is confined to
the future, and implies no intermission as well as no end.</p>

<p><blockquote>Whether we shall meet again I know not;<BR>
Therefore our <i>everlasting</i> farewell take;<BR>
Forever, and forever farewell, Cassius.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Everlasting flower</b></col>. <cd>Sane as
<u>Everlasting</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> --
<col><b>Everlasting pea</b></col>, <cd>an ornamental plant
(<i>Lathyrus latifolius</i>) related to the pea; -- so called because
it is perennial.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ev`er*last"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Eternal duration, past or future; eternity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>everlasting</i> to <i>everlasting</i>, thou
art God.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xc. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>(With the definite article) The Eternal
Being; God.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant whose flowers may be
dried without losing their form or color, as the pearly
<i>everlasting</i> (<i>Anaphalis margaritacea</i>), the immortelle of
the French, the cudweeds, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A cloth fabric for shoes, etc. See
<u>Lasting</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ev`er*last"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
everlasting manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ev`er*last"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being everlasting; endless duration; indefinite
duration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ev`er*liv"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Living always; immoral; eternal; as, the
<i>everliving</i> God.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Continual; incessant;
unintermitted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ev`er*more"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>During
eternity; always; forever; for an indefinite period; at all times; --
often used substantively with <i>for</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seek the Lord . . . Seek his face
<i>evermore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cv. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And, behold, I am alive for
<i>evermore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rev. i. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which flow from the presence of God for
<i>evermore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>evermore</i> did love you, Hermia.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ver"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to <i>Evernia</i>, a genus of lichens; as,
<i>evernic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*verse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>eversus</i>,
p. p. of <i>evertere</i> to turn out, overthrow; <i>e</i> out +
<i>vertere</i> to turn.  Cf. <u>Evert</u>.] <def>To overthrow or
subvert.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>eversio</i>:
cf. F. <i>&eacute;version</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
eversing; destruction.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being turned back or outward;
as, <i>eversion</i> of eyelids; ectropium.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ver"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
evert or overthrow; subversive; with <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A maxim <i>eversive</i> . . . of all justice and
morality.</blockquote> <i>Geddes.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Everted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Everting</u>.] [L. <i>evertere</i>. See <u>Everse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To overthrow; to subvert.</def> [R.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn outwards, or inside out, as an
intestine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ev"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; a. pron.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>everich</i>, <i>everilk</i>; AS. <i>&aemacr;fre</i> ever +
<i>&aelig;lc</i> each. See <u>Ever</u>, <u>each</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>All the parts which compose a whole
collection or aggregate number, considered in their individuality,
all taken separately one by one, out of an indefinite
number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Every</i> man at his best state is altogether
vanity.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxix. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Every</i> door and window was adorned with wreaths
of flowers.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Every one.  Cf. <u>Each</u>.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Every</i> of your wishes."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Daily occasions given to <i>every</i> of
us.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Every each</b></col>, <cd>every one.</cd> [Obs.] "<i>Every
each</i> of them hath some vices." <i>Burton..</i> -- <col><b>Every
now and then</b></col>, <cd>at short intervals; occasionally;
repeatedly; frequently.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Every</i> may, by way of emphasis, precede the article
<i>the</i> with a superlative adjective; as, <i>every</i>, <i>the
least</i> variation.  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Every</u>, <u>Each</u>, <u>Any</u>.  <i>Any</i>
denotes one, or some, taken indifferently from the individuals which
compose a class. <i>Every</i> differs from <i>each</i> in giving less
prominence to the selection of the individual. <i>Each</i> relates to
two or more individuals of a class. It refers definitely to
<i>every</i> one of them, denoting that they are considered
separately, one by one, all being included; as, <i>each</i> soldier
was receiving a dollar per day. <i>Every</i> relates to more than two
and brings into greater prominence the notion that not one of all
considered is excepted; as, <i>every</i> soldier was on service,
except the cavalry, that is, all the soldiers, etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>each</i> division there were four pentecosties,
in <i>every</i> pentecosty four enomoties, and of <i>each</i> enomoty
there fought in the front rank four [soldiers].</blockquote>
<i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If society is to be kept together and the children of
Adam to be saved from setting up <i>each</i> for himself with
<i>every</i> one else his foe.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev"er*y*bod`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Every
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ev"er*y*day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Used or fit
for every day; common; usual; as, an <i>everyday</i> suit of
clothes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mechanical drudgery of his <i>everyday</i>
employment.</blockquote> <i>Sir. J. Herchel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev"er*y*one`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>everychon</i>.] <def>Everybody; -- commonly separated, <i>every
one</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ev"er*y*thing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Whatever
pertains to the subject under consideration; all things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More wise, more learned, more just, more
<i>everything</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev"er*y*when`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At any or
all times; every instant.</def> [R.] "Eternal law is silently present
everywhere and <i>everywhen</i>."  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev"er*y*where`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In every
place; in all places; hence, in every part; thoroughly;
altogether.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ev"er*y*where`ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Ubiquity; omnipresence.</def> [R.]  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eves"drop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Eavesdrop</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eves"drop`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Eavesdropper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ves"ti*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evestigatus</i> traced out; <i>e</i> out + <i>vestigatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>vestigare</i>. See <u>Vestigate</u>.] <def>To
investigate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Eft</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common newt or
eft. In America often applied to several species of aquatic
salamanders.</def> [Written also <i>evat</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>E*vi"brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evibrare</i>. See <u>Vibrate</u>.] <def>To vibrate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Evicted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Evicting</u>.] [L. <i>evictus</i>, p. p. of <i>evincere</i> to
overcome completely, evict. See <u>Evince</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>To dispossess by a judicial process; to dispossess
by paramount right or claim of such right; to eject; to
oust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law of England would speedily <i>evict</i> them
out of their possession.</blockquote> <i>Sir. J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To evince; to prove.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>evictio</i>:
cf. F. <i>&eacute;viction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or
process of evicting; or state of being evicted; the recovery of
lands, tenements, etc., from another's possession by due course of
law; dispossession by paramount title or claim of such title;
ejectment; ouster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conclusive evidence; proof.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Full <i>eviction</i> of this fatal truth.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev"i*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;vidence</i>, L. <i>Evidentia</i>. See <u>Evident</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which makes evident or manifest; that
which furnishes, or tends to furnish, proof; any mode of proof; the
ground of belief or judgement; as, the <i>evidence</i> of our senses;
<i>evidence</i> of the truth or falsehood of a statement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Faith is . . . the <i>evidence</i> of things not
seen.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xi. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O glorious trial of exceeding love<BR>
Illustrious <i>evidence</i>, example high.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who bears witness.</def> [R.]
"Infamous and perjured <i>evidences</i>."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>That which is legally
submitted to competent tribunal, as a means of ascertaining the truth
of any alleged matter of fact under investigation before it; means of
making proof; -- the latter, strictly speaking, not being synonymous
with <i>evidence</i>, but rather the effect of it.</def>
<i>Greenleaf.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Circumstantial evidence</b></col>, <col><b>Conclusive
evidence</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>Circumstantial</u>,
<u>Conclusive</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Crown's, King's, or
Queen's</b></col> <col><b>evidence</b></col>, <cd>evidence for the
crown.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>State's evidence</b></col>,
<cd>evidence for the government or the people.</cd> [U. S. ] --
<col><b>To turn</b></col> <col><b>King's, Queen's or
State's</b></col> <col><b>evidence</b></col>, <cd>to confess a crime
and give evidence against one's accomplices.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Testimony; proof. See <u>Testimony</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ev"i*dence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Evidenced</u> (?); <pos><i>p, pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Evidencing</u> (?).] <def>To render evident or clear; to prove; to
evince; as, to <i>evidence</i> a fact, or the guilt of an
offender.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev"i*den*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gives
evidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ev"i*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;vinent</i>, l. <i>evidens</i>, <i>-entis</i>; <i>e</i> out
+ <i>videns</i>, p. pr. of <i>videre</i> to see. See <u>Vision</u>.]
<def>Clear to the vision; especially, clear to the understanding, and
satisfactory to the judgment; as, the figure or color of a body is
<i>evident</i> to the senses; the guilt of an offender can not always
be made <i>evident</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your honor and your goodness is so
<i>evident</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And in our faces <i>evident</i> the signs<BR>
Of foul concupiscence.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Manifest; plain; clear; obvious; visible; apparent;
conclusive; indubitable; palpable; notorious. See
<u>Manifest</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ev`i*den"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to,
or affording, evidence; indicative; especially, relating to the
evidences of Christianity.</def> <i>Bp. Fleetwood.</i>
"<i>Evidential</i> tracks." <i>Earle..</i> --
<wf>Ev`i*den"tial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ev`i*den"ti*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Furnishing evidence; asserting; proving; evidential.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a fact is supposed, although incorrectly, to be
<i>evidentiary</i> of, or a mark of, some other fact.</blockquote>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev"i*dent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
evident manner; clearly; plainly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before whose eyes Jesus Christ hath been
<i>evidently</i> set forth.</blockquote> <i>Gal. iii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>evidently</i> in the prime of
youth.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev"i*dent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
evident.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vig`i*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evigilatio</i>; <i>e</i> out + <i>vigilare</i> to be awake. See
<u>Vigilant</u>.] <def>A waking up or awakening.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*vil</hw> (&emacr;"v'l) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>evel</i>, <i>evil</i>, <i>ifel</i>, <i>uvel</i>, AS. <i>yfel</i>;
akin to OFries, <i>evel</i>, D. <i>euvel</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>ubil</i>,
G. <i>&uuml;bel</i>, Goth. <i>ubils</i>, and perh. to E.
<i>over</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having qualities tending to
injury and mischief; having a nature or properties which tend to
badness; mischievous; not good; worthless or deleterious; poor; as,
an <i>evil</i> beast; and <i>evil</i> plant; an <i>evil</i>
crop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A good tree can not bring forth <i>evil</i>
fruit.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having or exhibiting bad moral qualities;
morally corrupt; wicked; wrong; vicious; as, <i>evil</i> conduct,
thoughts, heart, words, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ah, what a sign it is of <i>evil</i> life,<BR>
When death's approach is seen so terrible.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Producing or threatening sorrow, distress,
injury, or calamity; unpropitious; calamitous; as, <i>evil</i>
tidings; <i>evil</i> arrows; <i>evil</i> days.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Because he hath brought up an <i>evil</i> name upon a
virgin of Israel.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The owl shrieked at thy birth -- an <i>evil</i>
sign.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Evil</i> news rides post, while good news
baits.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Evil eye</b></col>, <cd>an eye which inflicts injury by
some magical or fascinating influence. It is still believed by the
ignorant and superstitious that some persons have the supernatural
power of injuring by a look.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>It almost led him to believe in the <i>evil
eye</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Evil speaking</b></col>, <cd>speaking ill of others;
calumny; censoriousness.</cd> -- <col><b>The evil one</b></col>,
<cd>the Devil; Satan.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Evil</i> is sometimes written as the first part of a
compound (with or without a hyphen). In many cases the compounding
need not be insisted on. Examples: <i>Evil</i> doer or
<i>evil</i>doer, <i>evil</i> speaking or <i>evil</i>-speaking,
<i>evil</i> worker, <i>evil</i> wishing, <i>evil</i>-hearted,
<i>evil</i>-minded.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mischieveous; pernicious; injurious; hurtful;
destructive; wicked; sinful; bad; corrupt; perverse; wrong; vicious;
calamitous.</p>

<p><! p. 518  bad typing! !></p>

<p><hw>E"vil</hw> (&emacr;"v'l) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything which impairs the happiness of a
being or deprives a being of any good; anything which causes
suffering of any kind to sentient beings; injury; mischief; harm; --
opposed to <i>good</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Evils</i> which our own misdeeds have
wrought.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>evil</i> that men do lives after
them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moral badness, or the deviation of a moral
being from the principles of virtue imposed by conscience, or by the
will of the Supreme Being, or by the principles of a lawful human
authority; disposition to do wrong; moral offence; wickedness;
depravity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heart of the sons of men is full of
<i>evil</i>.</blockquote> <i>Eccl. ix. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>malady or disease; especially in the
phrase <i>king's evil</i>, the scrofula.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Edward the Confessor] was the first that touched
for the <i>evil</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"vil</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an evil manner; not
well; ill; badly; unhappily; injuriously; unkindly.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It went <i>evil</i> with his house.</blockquote> <i>1
Chron. vii. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Egyptians <i>evil</i> entreated us, and affected
us.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxvi. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"vil eye`</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Evil eye</i> under
<u>Evil</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>E"vil-eyed</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Possessed of the
supposed evil eye; also, looking with envy, jealousy, or bad design;
malicious.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"vil-fa`vored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
bad countenance or appearance; ill-favored; blemished;
deformed.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p> -- <wf>E"vil-fa`vored*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Deut.
xvi. 1.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"vil*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an evil
manner; not well; ill.</def> [Obs.] "Good deeds <i>evilly</i>
bestowed."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>E"vil-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having evil
dispositions or intentions; disposed to mischief or sin; malicious;
malignant; wicked.</def> -- <wf>E"vil-mind`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E"vil*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition or
quality of being evil; badness; viciousness; malignity; vileness; as,
<i>evilness</i> of heart; the <i>evilness</i> of sin.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vince"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Evinced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Evincing</u> (?).] [L. <i>evincere</i> vanquish completely,
prevail, succeed in proving; <i>e</i> out + <i>vincere</i> to
vanquish. See <u>Victor</u>, and cf. <u>Evict</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To conquer; to subdue.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Error by his own arms is best
<i>evinced</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To show in a clear manner; to prove beyond
any reasonable doubt; to manifest; to make evident; to bring to
light; to evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Common sense and experience must and will
<i>evince</i> the truth of this.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vince"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
evincing or proving, or the state of being evinced.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vin"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being proved or clearly brought to light; demonstrable.</def>
<i>Sir. M. Hale.</i></p>

<p>--<wf>E*vin"ci*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E*vin"cive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
prove; having the power to demonstrate; demonstrative;
indicative.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"vi*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eviratus</i>, p. p. of <i>evirare</i> to castrate; <i>e</i> out +
<i>vir</i> man.] <def>To emasculate; to dispossess of manhood.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`i*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eviratio</i>.] <def>Castration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*vis"cer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Eviscerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Eviscerating</u> (?).] [L. <i>evisceratus</i>, p. p.
of <i>eviscerare</i> to eviscerate; <i>e</i> out + <i>viscera</i> the
bowels. See <u>Viscera</u>.] <def>To take out the entrails of; to
disembowel; to gut.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vis`cer*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A
disemboweling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ev"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evitabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;vitable</i>.]
<def>Avoidable.</def> [R.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>evitare</i> to shun; <i>e</i> out +
<i>vitare</i> to shun.] <def>To shun; to avoid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evitatio</i>.] <def>A shunning; avoidance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>&eacute;viter</i>. See <u>Evitate</u>.] <def>To shun.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`i*ter"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>eviternus</i>, <i>aeternus</i>. See <u>Etern</u>.] <def>Eternal;
everlasting.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Ev`i*ter"nal*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`i*ter"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Eternity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ev"o*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evocatus</i>, p. p. of <i>evocare</i>. See <u>Evoke</u>.] <def>To
call out or forth; to summon; to evoke.</def> [R.]
<i>Stackhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`o*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evocatio</i>: cf. F. <i>&eacute;vocation</i>.] <def>The act of
calling out or forth.</def>  <i>Sir. T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>evocation</i> of that better
spirit.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vo"ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Calling
forth; serving to evoke; developing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Evocative</i> power over all that is eloquent and
expressive in the better soul of man.</blockquote> <i>W.
Pater.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev"o*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
calls forth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>E*voke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Evoked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Evoking</u>.] [L. <i>evocare</i>; <i>e</i> out + <i>vocare</i> to
call, fr. <i>vox</i>, <i>vocis</i>, voice: cf. F
<i>&eacute;voquer</i>. See <u>Voice</u>, and cf. <u>Evocate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To call out; to summon forth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>evoke</i> the queen of the fairies.</blockquote>
<i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A requlating discipline of exercise, that whilst
<i>evoking</i> the human energies, will not suffer them to be
wasted.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To call away; to remove from one tribunal
to another.</def> [R.] "The cause was <i>evoked</i> to Rome."
<i>Hume.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ev`o*lat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ev`o*lat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>evolare</i> to fly away; <i>e</i> out +
<i>volare</i> to fly.] <def>Apt to fly away.</def> [Obs. or R.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`o*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evolatio</i>.] <def>A flying out or up.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev"o*lute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>evolutus</i>
unrolled, p. p. of <i>evolvere</i>. See <u>Evolve</u>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A curve from which another curve, called the
<i>involute</i> or <i>evolvent</i>, is described by the end of a
thread gradually wound upon the former, or unwound from it. See
<u>Involute</u>. It is the locus of the centers of all the circles
which are osculatory to the given curve or evolvent.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Any curve may be an <i>evolute</i>, the term being applied
to it only in its relation to the involute.</p>

<p><hw>Ev`o*lu*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Evolution</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The faculty possessed by all
substances capable of self-nourishment of manifesting the nutritive
acts by changes of form, of volume, or of structure.</def>  <i>Syd.
Soc. Lex.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`o*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evolutio</i> an unrolling: cf. F. <i>&eacute;volution</i>
evolution. See <u>Evolve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
unfolding or unrolling; hence, in the process of growth; development;
as, the <i>evolution</i> of a flower from a bud, or an animal from
the egg.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A series of things unrolled or
unfolded.</def> "The whole <i>evolution</i> of ages."  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The formation of an
involute by unwrapping a thread from a curve as an evolute.</def>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arith. &amp; Alg.)</i> <def>The extraction of
roots; -- the reverse of <i>involution</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. &amp; Naval)</i> <def>A prescribed
movement of a body of troops, or a vessel or fleet; any movement
designed to effect a new arrangement or disposition; a
maneuver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>evolutions</i> are best which can be executed
with the greatest celerity, compatible with regularity.</blockquote>
<i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
general name for the history of the steps by which any living
organism has acquired the morphological and physiological characters
which distinguish it; a gradual unfolding of successive phases of
growth or development.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That theory of
generation which supposes the germ to pre&euml;xist in the parent,
and its parts to be developed, but not actually formed, by the
procreative act; -- opposed to <i>epigenesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>That series of changes
under natural law which involves continuous progress from the
homogeneous to the heterogeneous in structure, and from the single
and simple to the diverse and manifold in quality or function. The
pocess is by some limited to organic beings; by others it is applied
to the inorganic and the psychical. It is also applied to explain the
existence and growth of institutions, manners, language,
civilization, and every product of human activity. The agencies and
laws of the process are variously explained by different
philosophers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Evolution</i> is to me series with
development.</blockquote> <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`o*lu"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to evolution.</def> "<i>Evolutional</i> changes."  <i>H.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ev`o*lu"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to evolution; as, <i>evolutionary</i> discussions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ev`o*lu"tion*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
theory of, or belief in, evolution. See <u>Evolution</u>, 6 and
7.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ev`o*lu"tion*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One skilled in evolutions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>one who holds the doctrine of evolution,
either in biology or in metaphysics.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*volve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Evolved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Evolving</u>.] [L. <i>evolvere</i>, <i>evolutum</i>; <i>e</i> out
+ <i>volvere</i> to roll. See <u>Voluble</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To unfold or unroll; to open and expand; to disentangle and
exhibit clearly and satisfactorily; to develop; to derive; to
educe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The animal soul sooner <i>evolves</i> itself to its
full orb and extent than the human soul.</blockquote> <i>Sir. M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The principles which art involves, science alone
<i>evolves</i>.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not by any power evolved from man's own resources, but
by a power which descended from above.</blockquote> <i>J. C.
Shairp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw out; to emit; as, to
<i>evolve</i> odors.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*volve"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become open,
disclosed, or developed; to pass through a process of
evolution.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*volve"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
evolving, or the state of being evolved; evolution.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*volv"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evolvents</i>. <i>-entis</i>, unrolling, p. pr. of
<i>evolvere</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The involute of a curve. See
<u>Involute</u>, and <u>Evolute</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vom"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evomitus</i>, p. p. of <i>evomere</i> to vomit forth; <i>e</i> out
+ <i>vomere</i>.] <def>To vomit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ev`o*mi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
vomiting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>E*vul"gate</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evulgatus</i>, p. p. of <i>evulgare</i> to publish.] <def>To
publish abroad.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ev`ul*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
divulging.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>E*vul"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>evulsio</i>,
fr. <i>evellere</i>, <i>evulsum</i>, to pluck out; <i>e</i> out +
<i>vellere</i> to pluck; cf. F. <i>&eacute;vulsion</i>.] <def>The act
of plucking out; a rooting out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Yew</u>.] <def>A
yew.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ewe</hw> (&umacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>e&oacute;wu</i>; akin to D. <i>ooi</i>, OHG. <i>awi</i>,
<i>ouwi</i>, Icel. <i>&aelig;r</i>, Goth. <i>aw&emacr;&thorn;i</i> a
flock of sheep, <i>awistr</i> a sheepfold, Lith. <i>avis</i> a sheep,
L. <i>ovis</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>avi</i>. &radic;231.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The female of the sheep, and of sheeplike
animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ewe"-necked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a neck
like a ewe; -- said of horses in which the arch of the neck is
deficent, being somewhat hollowed out.</def>  <i>Youwatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>ewer</i>,
<i>euwier</i>, prop. a water carrier, F. <i>&eacute;vier</i> a
washing place, sink, <i>aigui&egrave;re</i> ewer, L. <i>aquarius</i>,
adj., water carrying, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, a water carrier, fr.
<i>aqua</i> water; akin to Goth. <i>ahwa</i> water, river, OHG,
<i>aha</i>, G. <i>au</i>, <i>aue</i>, meadow. &radic;219.  Cf.
<u>Aquarium</u>, <u>Aquatic</u>, <u>Island</u>.] <def>A kind of
widemouthed pitcher or jug; esp., one used to hold water for the
toilet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Basins and <i>ewers</i> to lave her dainty
hands.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ew"er*y</hw> (?), <hw>Ew"ry</hw> (?) } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <u>Ewer</u>.] <def>An office or place of household service
where the ewers were formerly kept.</def> [Enq.]  <i>Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ewt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Newt</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The newt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex-</hw> (?). <def>A prefix from the latin preposition,
<i>ex</i>, akin to Gr. <grk>'ex</grk> or <grk>'ek</grk> signifying
<i>out of</i>, <i>out</i>, <i>proceeding from</i>. Hence, in
composition, it signifies <i>out of</i>, as, in <i>ex</i>hale,
<i>ex</i>clude; <i>off</i>, <i>from</i>, or <i>out</i>. as in
<i>ex</i>scind; <i>beyond</i>, as, in <i>ex</i>cess, <i>ex</i>ceed,
<i>ex</i>cel; and sometimes has a privative sense of <i>without</i>,
as in <i>ex</i>albuminuos, <i>ex</i>sanguinous. In some words, it
intensifies the meaning; in others, it has little affect on the
signification. It becomes <i>ef-</i> before <i>f</i>, as in
<i>ef</i>fuse. The form <i>e-</i> occurs instead of <i>ex-</i> before
<i>b</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>g</i>, <i>l</i>, <i>m</i>, <i>n</i>, <i>r</i>,
and <i>v</i>, as in <i>e</i>bullient, <i>e</i>manate,
<i>e</i>normous, etc. In words from the French it often appears as
<i>es-</i>, sometimes as <i>s-</i> or <i>&eacute;-</i>; as,
<i>es</i>cape, <i>s</i>cape, <i>&eacute;</i>lite.  <i>Ex-</i>,
prefixed to names implying office, station, condition, denotes that
the person formerly held the office, or is <i>out</i> of the office
or condition now; as, <i>ex</i>-president, <i>ex</i>-governor,
<i>ex</i>-mayor, <i>ex</i>-convict. The Greek form <grk>'ex</grk>
becomes <i>ex</i> in English, as in <i>ex</i>arch; <grk>'ek</grk>
becomes <i>ec</i>, as in <i>ec</i>centric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ac"er*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exacerrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Exacerrating</u> (?).] [L. <i>exacerbatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>exacerbare</i>; <i>ex</i> out (intens.) + <i>acerbare</i>. See
<u>Acerbate</u>.] <def>To render more violent or bitter; to irritate;
to exasperate; to imbitter, as passions or disease.</def>
<i>Broughman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ac`er*ba"tion</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exacerbation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act rendering more
violent or bitter; the state of being exacerbated or intensified in
violence or malignity; as, <i>exacerbation</i> of passion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A periodical increase of
violence in a disease, as in remittent or continious fever; an
increased energy of diseased and painful action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ac`er*bes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exacerbescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>exacerbescere</i>,
incho. of <i>exacerbare</i>.] <def>Increase of irritation or
violence, particularly the increase of a fever or disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ac`er*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exacervare</i> to heap up exceedingly. See <u>Ex-</u>, and
<u>Acervate</u>.] <def>The act of heaping up.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ac"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>ex</i>
out + <i>acinus</i> kernel.] <def>To remove the kernel
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ac`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Removal of
the kernel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>exactus</i>
precise, accurate, p. p. of <i>exigere</i> to drive out, to demand,
enforce, finish, determine, measure; <i>ex</i> out + <i>agere</i> to
drive; cf. F. <i>exact</i>. See <u>Agent</u>, <u>Act</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Precisely agreeing with a standard, a fact,
or the truth; perfectly conforming; neither exceeding nor falling
short in any respect; true; correct; precise; as, the clock keeps
<i>exact</i> time; he paid the <i>exact</i> debt; an <i>exact</i>
copy of a letter; <i>exact</i> accounts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I took a great pains to make out the <i>exact</i>
truth.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. )</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Habitually careful to agree with a
standard, a rule, or a promise; accurate; methodical; punctual; as, a
man <i>exact</i> in observing an appointment; in my doings I was
<i>exact</i>.</def> "I see thou art <i>exact</i> of taste."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Precisely or definitely conceived or
stated; strict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>exact</i> command,<BR>
Larded with many several sorts of reason.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*act"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exacted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exacting</u>.] [From L. <i>exactus</i>, p. p. of <i>exigere</i>;
or fr. LL. <i>exactare</i>: cf. OF. <i>exacter</i>. See <u>Exact</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To demand or require authoritatively or
peremptorily, as a right; to enforce the payment of, or a yielding
of; to compel to yield or to furnish; hence, to wrest, as a fee or
reward when none is due; -- followed by <i>from</i> or <i>of</i>
before the one subjected to exaction; as, to <i>exact</i> tribute,
fees, obedience, etc., from or of some one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He said into them, <i>Exact</i> no more than that
which is appointed you.</blockquote> <i>Luke. iii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Years of servise past<BR>
From grateful souls <i>exact</i> reward at last</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My designs<BR>
<i>Exact</i> me in another place.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*act"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice
exaction.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The anemy shall not <i>exact upon
him</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxxix. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*act"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
exactor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*act"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Oppressive or
unreasonably severe in making demands or requiring the exact
fulfillment of obligations; harsh; severe.</def> "A temper so
<i>exacting</i>." <i>T. Arnold</i> -- <wf>Ex*act"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ex*act"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>exactio</i>:
cf. F. <i>exaction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of demanding
with authority, and compelling to pay or yield; compulsion to give or
furnish; a levying by force; a driving to compliance; as, the
<i>exaction</i> to tribute or of obedience; hence,
extortion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take away your <i>exactions</i> from my
people.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xlv. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Daily new <i>exactions</i> are devised.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Illegal <i>exactions</i> of sheriffs and
officials.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is exacted; a severe tribute; a
fee, reward, or contribution, demanded or levied with severity or
injustice.</def>  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*act"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exactitude</i>.] <def>The quality of being exact;
exactness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*act"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an exact
manner; precisely according to a rule, standard, or fact; accurately;
strictly; correctly; nicely.</def> "<i>Exactly</i> wrought."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His enemies were pleased, for he had acted
<i>exactly</i> as their interests required.</blockquote>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*act"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The condition of being exact; accuracy; nicety; precision;
regularity; as, <i>exactness</i> of judgement or
deportment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Careful observance of method and
conformity to truth; as, <i>exactness</i> in accounts or
business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had . . . that sort of <i>exactness</i> which would
have made him a respectable antiquary.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*act"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>exacteur</i>.] <def>One who exacts or demands by authority or
right; hence, an extortioner; also, one unreasonably severe in
injunctions or demands.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><! p. 519 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex*act"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>exactrix</i>.] <def>A woman who is an exactor.</def> [R.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ac"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exacure</i>; <i>ex</i> out (intens.) + <i>acuere</i> to make
sharp.] <def>To whet or sharpen.</def> [Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i> --
<wf>Ex*ac`u*a"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ex*&aelig;r"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr.&?; a taking away.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>In old writers, the
operations concerned in the removal of parts of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ag"ger*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exaggerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Exaggerating</u> . ] [L. <i>exaggeratus</i> , p. p.
of <i>exaggerare</i> to heap up; <i>ex</i> out + <i>aggerare</i> to
heap up, fr. <i>agger</i> heap, <i>aggerere</i> to bring to;
<i>ad</i> to +  <i>gerere</i> to bear. See <u>Jest</u>. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To heap up; to accumulate.</def> [Obs.]
"Earth <i>exaggerated</i> upon them [oaks and firs]."  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To amplify; to magnify; to enlarge beyond
bounds or the truth ; to delineate extravagantly ; to overstate the
truth concerning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A friend <i>exaggerates</i> a man's
virtues.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ag"ger*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enlarged
beyond bounds or the truth.</def> -- <wf>Ex*ag"ger*a`ted*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ag"ger*a`ting</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
exaggerates; enlarging beyond bounds.</def> --
<wf>Ex*ag"ger*a`ting*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ag`ger*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exaggeratio</i> : cf. F.  <i>exag&eacute;ration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of heaping or piling up.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Exaggeration</i> of sand."  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of exaggerating; the act of doing
or representing in an excessive manner; a going beyond the bounds of
truth reason, or justice; a hyperbolical representation; hyperbole;
overstatement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No need of an <i>exaggeration</i> of what they
saw.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A representation of things
beyond natural life, in expression, beauty, power, vigor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ag"ger*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to exaggerate; involving exaggeration.</def> "<i>Exaggerative</i>
language." <i>Geddes.</i>  "<i>Exaggerative</i> pictures."  <i>W. J.
Linton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex*ag"ger*a*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<pos><i>Carlyle.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ag"ger*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who exaggerates; one addicted to exaggeration.</def>  <i>L.
Horner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ag"ger*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing, or tending to, exaggeration; exaggerative.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ag"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exagitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exagitare</i>. See <u>Ex-</u>, and
<u>Agitate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stir up; to
agitate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To satirize; to censure severely.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ag`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exagitatio</i> : cf. OF. <i>exagitation</i>.]
<def>Agitation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`al*bu"mi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-
</i> + <i>albumen</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having no albumen about
the embryo; -- said of certain seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*alt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exalted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exalting</u>.] [L. <i>exaltare</i>; <i>ex</i> out (intens.) +
<i>altare</i> to make high, <i>altus</i> high: cf.F. <i>exalter</i>.
See <u>Altitude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To raise high; to
elevate; to lift up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>exalt</i> my throne above the stars of
God.</blockquote> <i>Is. xiv. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Exalt</i> thy towery head, and lift thine
eyes</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To elevate in rank, dignity, power,
wealth, character, or the like; to dignify; to promote; as, to
<i>exalt</i> a prince to the throne, a citizen to the
presidency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Righteousness <i>exalteth</i> a nation.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xiv. 34.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that humbleth himself shall be
<i>exalted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke xiv. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To elevate by prise or estimation; to
magnify; to extol; to glorify.</def> "<i>Exalt</i> ye the Lord."
<i>Ps. xcix. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In his own grace he doth <i>exalt</i>
himself.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To lift up with joy, pride, or success; to
inspire with delight or satisfaction; to elate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They who thought they got whatsoever he lost were
mightily <i>exalted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To elevate the tone of, as of the voice or
a musical instrument.</def>  <i>Is. xxxvii. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now Mars, she said, let Fame <i>exalt</i> her
voice.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Alchem.)</i> <def>To render pure or
refined; to intensify or concentrate; as, to <i>exalt</i> the juices
of bodies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With chemic art <i>exalts</i> the mineral
powers.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"al*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exaltatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exaltare</i> to exalt.]
<i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Exercising its highest influence; -- said of a
planet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`al*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exaltatio</i>: cf. F. <i>exaltation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of exalting or raising high; also, the state of being
exalted; elevation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wondering at my flight, and change<BR>
 To this high <i>exaltation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Alchem.)</i> <def>The refinement or
subtilization of a body, or the increasing of its virtue or principal
property.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>That place of a planet in
the zodiac in which it was supposed to exert its strongest
influence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*alt"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Raised to lofty
height; elevated; extolled; refined; dignified; sublime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wiser far than Solomon,<BR>
Of more <i>exalted</i> mind.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Time never fails to bring every <i>exalted</i>
reputation to a strict scrutiny.</blockquote> <i>Ames.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex*alt"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ex*alt"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  "The
<i>exaltedness</i> of some minds."  <i>T. Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*alt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who exalts
or raises to dignity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*alt"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Exaltation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*a"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the tongue of a
balance, examination; for <i>exagmen</i>, fr. <i>exigere</i> to weigh
accurately, to treat: cf. F. <i>examen</i>. See <u>Exact</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Examination; inquiry.</def> [R.]  "A
critical <i>examen</i> of the two pieces."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"e*tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hexameter</u>.] <def>An hexameter.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"i*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being examined or inquired into.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>examinans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, examining.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who examines; an examiner.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is to be examined.</def> [Obs.]
<i>H. Prideaux.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>examinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>examinare</i>. See <u>Examine</u>. ]
<def>A person subjected to examination.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*am`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>examinatio</i>: cf. F. <i>examination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of examining, or state of being examined; a careful
search, investigation, or inquiry; scrutiny by study or
experiment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A process prescribed or assigned for
testing qualification; as, the <i>examination</i> of a student, or of
a candidate for admission to the bar or the ministry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He neglected the studies, . . . stood low at the
<i>examinations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Examination in chief</b></col>, or <col><b>Direct
examination</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that examination which is
made of a witness by a party calling him.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross-
examination</b></col>, <cd>that made by the opposite party.</cd> --
<col><b>Re&euml;xamination</b></col>, or <col><b>Re-direct
examination</b></col>, <cd>that made by a party calling a witness,
after, and upon matters arising out of, the cross-
examination.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Search; inquiry; investigation; research; scrutiny;
inquisition; inspection; exploration.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"i*na`tor</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>examinateur</i>.] <def>An examiner.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Examined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Examining</u>.] [L. <i>examinare</i>, <i>examinatum</i>, fr.
<i>examen</i>, <i>examinis</i>: cf. F. <i>examiner</i>. See
<u>Examen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To test by any appropriate
method; to inspect carefully with a view to discover the real
character or state of; to subject to inquiry or inspection of
particulars for the purpose of obtaining a fuller insight into the
subject of examination, as a material substance, a fact, a reason, a
cause, the truth of a statement; to inquire or search into; to
explore; as, to <i>examine</i> a mineral; to <i>examine</i> a ship to
know whether she is seaworthy; to <i>examine</i> a proposition,
theory, or question.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Examine</i> well your own thoughts.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Examine</i> their counsels and their
cares.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To interrogate as in a judicial
proceeding; to try or test by question; as, to <i>examine</i> a
witness in order to elicit testimony, a student to test his
qualifications, a bankrupt touching the state of his property,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The offenders that are to be
<i>examined</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To discuss; debate; scrutinize; search into;
investigate; explore. See <u>Discuss</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*am`i*nee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
examined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"in*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
examines, tries, or inspects; one who interrogates; an officer or
person charged with the duty of making an examination; as, an
<i>examiner</i> of students for a degree; an <i>examiner</i> in
chancery, in the patent office, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"in*er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
rank of an examiner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"in*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power to
examine; appointed to examine; as, an <i>examining</i>
committee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"am*pla*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Example</u>, cf. <u>Exemplary</u>.] <def>Serving for example or
pattern; exemplary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A later form for
<i>ensample</i>, fr. L. <i>exemplum</i>, orig., what is taken out of
a larger quantity, as a <i>sample</i>, from <i>eximere</i> to take
out. See <u>Exempt</u>, and cf. <u>Ensample</u>, <u>Sample</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One or a portion taken to show the character
or quality of the whole; a sample; a specimen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is to be followed or imitated
as a model; a pattern or copy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For I have given you an <i>example</i>, that ye should
do as I have done to you.</blockquote> <i>John xiii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I gave, thou sayest, the <i>example</i>; I led the
way.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles or corresponds with
something else; a precedent; a model.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such temperate order in so fierce a cause<BR>
Doth want <i>example</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is to be avoided; one selected
for punishment and to serve as a warning; a warning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hang him; he'll be made an
<i>example</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now these things were our <i>examples</i>, to the
intent that we should not lust after evil things, as they also
lusted.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. x. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An instance serving for illustration of a
rule or precept, especially a problem to be solved, or a case to be
determined, as an exercise in the application of the rules of any
study or branch of science; as, in trigonometry and   grammar, the
principles and rules are illustrated by <i>examples</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Precedent; case; instance.  -- <u>Example</u>,
<u>Instance</u>. The discrimination to be made between these two
words relates to cases in which we give "instances" or "examples" of
things done. An <i>instance</i> denotes the single case then
"standing" before us; if there be others like it, the word does not
express this fact. On the contrary, an <i>example</i> is one of an
entire class of like things, and should be a true representative or
<i>sample</i> of that class. Hence, an <i>example</i> proves a rule
or regular course of things; an <i>instance</i> simply points out
what may be true only in the case presented. A man's life may be
filled up with <i>examples</i> of the self-command and kindness which
marked his character, and may present only a solitary <i>instance</i>
of haste or severity. Hence, the word "example" should never be used
to describe what stands singly and alone. We do, however, sometimes
apply the word <i>instance</i> to what is really an <i>example</i>,
because we are not thinking of the latter under this aspect, but
solely as a case which "stands before us." See <u>Precedent</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exampled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exampling</u> (?).] <def>To set an example for; to give a
precedent for; to exemplify; to give an instance of; to
instance.</def> [Obs.] "I may <i>example</i> my digression by some
mighty precedent."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Burke devoted himself to this duty with a fervid
assiduity that has not often been <i>exampled</i>, and has never been
surpassed.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"ple*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without or
above example.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"pler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Exemplar</u>, <u>Example</u>, and cf. <u>Sampler</u>.] <def>A
pattern; an exemplar.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*am"pless</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exampleless.
[Wrongly formed.]</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*an"gui*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bloodless.
[Obs.] See <u>Exsanguious</u>.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*an"gu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref <i>ex-</i>
+ <i>angulous</i>.] <def>Having no corners; without angles.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*an"i*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exanimatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exanimare</i> to deprive of life or
spirit; <i>ex</i> out + <i>anima</i> air, breath, life, spirit.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lifeless; dead.</def> [R.] "Carcasses
<i>exanimate</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of animation; spiritless;
disheartened.</def> [R.] "Pale . . . wretch, <i>exanimate</i> by
love."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*an"i*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
of animation or of life.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*an`i*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L.
<i>exanimatio</i>.] <def>Deprivation of life or of spirits.</def>
[R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*an"i*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exanimus</i>, <i>exanimis</i>; <i>ex</i> out, without +
<i>anima</i> life.] <def>Lifeless; dead.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*an"nu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-</i>
+ <i>annulate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the sporangium
destitute of a ring; -- said of certain genera of ferns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*an"them</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Exanthema</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`an*the"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Exanthemata</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr.&?;, fr.&?; to burst
forth as flowers, break out, as ulcers; &?;, &?;, out +
<grk>'anqei^n</grk> to bloom, <grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower: cf. F.
<i>exanth&egrave;me</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An efflorescence or
discoloration of the skin; an eruption or breaking out, as in
measles, smallpox, scarlatina, and the like diseases; -- sometimes
limited to eruptions attended with fever.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex*an`the*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ex`an*them"a*tous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, relating to, or characterized by,
exanthema; efflorescent; as, an <i>exanthematous</i>
eruption.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`an*the"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; . See <u>Exanthema</u>. ] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An eruption of the
skin; cutaneous efflorescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ant"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exantlatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exantlare</i>, <i>exanclare</i>, to
endure.] <def>To exhaust or wear out.</def> [Obs.] "Seeds . . .
wearied or <i>exantlated</i>."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ant*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exantlation</i>.] <def>Act of drawing out ; exhaustion.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"a*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exaratus</i>, p. p. of <i>exarare</i> to plow up, to write;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>arare</i> to plow.] <def>To plow up; also, to
engrave; to write.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`a*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exaratio</i>.] <def>Act of plowing; also, act of writing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>exarchus</i>,
Gr. &?; &?; commander; &?;,&?;, out + &?; to lead, rule: cf. F.
<i>exarque</i>.] <def>A viceroy; in Ravenna, the title of the
viceroys of the Byzantine emperors; in the Eastern Church, the
superior over several monasteries; in the modern Greek Church, a
deputy of the patriarch , who visits the clergy, investigates
ecclesiastical cases, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ar"chate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>exarchatus</i>, fr. L. <i>exarchus</i>: cf. F. <i>exarchat</i>.]
<def>The office or the province of an exarch.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ar"il*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-</i>
+ <i>arillate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having no aril; -- said of
certain seeds, or of the plants producing them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ar*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-
</i> + <i>articulate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having but one
joint; -- said of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ar*tic`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>ex-</i> + <i>articulation</i>.] <def>Luxation; the dislocation of
a joint.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*as"per*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exasperatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exsasperare</i> to roughen,
exasperate; <i>ex</i> out (intens.) + <i>asperare</i> to make rough,
<i>asper</i> rough. See <u>Asperity</u>.] <def>Exasperated;
imbittered.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like swallows which the <i>exasperate</i> dying
year<BR>
Sets spinning.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*as"per*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exsasperated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Exasperating</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
irritate in a high degree; to provoke; to enrage; to excite or to
inflame the anger of; as, to <i>exasperate</i> a person or his
feelings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>exsasperate</i> them against the king of
France.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make grievous, or more grievous or
malignant; to aggravate; to imbitter; as, to <i>exasperate</i>
enmity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>exasperate</i> the ways of death.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To irritate; provoke. See <u>Irritate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*as"per*a`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
exasperates or inflames anger, enmity, or violence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*as`per*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exasperatio</i>: cf. F. <i>exasp&eacute;ration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of exasperating or the state of being
exasperated; irritation; keen or bitter anger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Extorted from him by the <i>exasperation</i> of his
spirits.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Increase of violence or malignity;
aggravation; exacerbation.</def> "<i>Exasperation</i> of the fits."
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`as*pid"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; out +
&?;, &?;, a shield.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the anterior
scutes extending around the tarsus on the outer side, leaving the
inner side naked; -- said of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*auc"tor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Exauthorate</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*auc`tor*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Exauthoration</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*au"gu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exauguratus</i>, p. p. of <i>exaugurare</i> to profane; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>augurari</i> to act as an augur, fr. <i>augur</i>. ] <def>To
annul the consecration of; to secularize; to unhellow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*au`gu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exauguratio</i> desecration.] <def>The act of exaugurating;
desecration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*au"thor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exauctoratus</i>, p. p. of <i>exauctorare</i> to dismiss;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>auctorare</i> to bind to something, to hire, fr.
<i>auctor</i>. See <u>Author</u>.] <def>To deprive of authority or
office; to depose; to discharge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Exauthorated</i> for their
unworthiness.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*au`thor*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Deprivation of authority or dignity; degration.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*au"thor*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-
</i> + <i>authorize</i>.] <def>To deprive of uthority.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*au"thor*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-
</i> + <i>authorize</i>.] <def>To deprive of authority.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 520 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cal"ce*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excalceatus</i>, p. p. of <i>excalceare</i> to unshoe. See
<u>Calceated</u>.] <def>To deprive of shoes.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cal`ce*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of depriving or divesting of shoes.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`cal*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excalfactio</i>.] <def>A heating or warming; calefaction.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`cal*fac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excalfacere</i> to warm; <i>ex</i> out (intens.) +
<i>calfacere</i> to warm.] <def>Serving to heat; warming.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`cal*fac"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excalfactorius</i>.] <def>Heating; warming.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cal"i*bur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The name of
King Arthur's mythical sword.</def> [Written also <i>Excalibar</i>,
<i>Excalibor</i>, <i>Escalibar</i>, and <i>Caliburn</i>.]
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex*camb"</hw> (?), <hw>Ex*cam"bie</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [LL. <i>excambiare</i>, <i>excambire</i>; L. <i>ex</i>
out + <i>cambire</i>. See <u>Change</u>, and cf. <u>Exchange</u>.]
<i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>To exchange; -- used with reference to
transfers of land.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ex*cam"bi*on</hw> (?), <hw>||Ex*cam"bi*um</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>excambium</i>. See <u>Excamb</u>.]
<i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>Exchange; barter; -- used commonly of
lands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`can*des"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excandescentia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A growing hot; a
white or glowing heat; incandescence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Violent anger; a growing angry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`can*des"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excandescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>excandescere</i> to take fire,
glow; <i>ex</i> out (intens.) + <i>candescere</i> to begin to glisten
or glow, fr. <i>candere</i>. See <u>Candid</u>.] <def>White or
glowing with heat.</def> [R.]  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`can*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excantare</i> to charm out. See <u>Ex&?;</u>, and <u>Chant</u>.]
<def>Disenchantment by a countercharm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*car"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>excarnatus</i>, p. p. of <i>excarnare</i>; L. <i>ex</i> out +
<i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>, flesh.] <def>To deprive or clear of
flesh.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`car*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
depriving or divesting of flesh; excarnification; -- opposed to
<i>incarnation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*car"ni*fi*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ex</i> out + LL. <i>carnificatus</i>, p. p. <i>carnificare</i> to
carnify; cf. L. <i>excarnificare</i> to tear to pieces, torment. See
<u>Carnify</u>.] <def>To clear of flesh; to excarnate.</def>  <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*car`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of excarnificating or of depriving of flesh; excarnation.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"ca*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Excavated</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Excavating</u>(?).] [L. <i>excavatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>excavare</i> to excavate; <i>ex</i> out + <i>cavare</i> to make
hollow, <i>cavus</i> hollow. See <u>Cave</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To hollow out; to form cavity or hole in; to make hollow by
cutting, scooping, or digging; as, to <i>excavate</i> a ball; to
<i>excavate</i> the earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form by hollowing; to shape, as a
cavity, or anything that is hollow; as, to <i>excavate</i> a canoe, a
cellar, a channel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>To dig out and remove, as
earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The material <i>excavated</i> was usually
sand.</blockquote> <i>E. L. Corthell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Excavating pump</b></col>, <cd>a kind of dredging
apparatus for excavating under water, in which silt and loose
material mixed with water are drawn up by a pump.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ca*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excavatio</i>: cf. F. <i>excavation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of excavating, or of making hollow, by cutting,
scooping, or digging out a part of a solid mass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cavity formed by cutting, digging, or
scooping.</def> "A winding <i>excavation</i>."  <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
uncovered cutting in the earth, in distinction from a <i>covered
cutting</i> or <i>tunnel</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
material dug out in making a channel or cavity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The delivery of the <i>excavations</i> at a distance
of 250 feet.</blockquote> <i>E. L. Corthell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"ca*va`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, excavates or hollows out; a machine, as a dredging
machine, or a tool, for excavating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excavare</i>.] <def>To excavate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ce"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excaecatus</i>, p. p. of <i>excaecare</i> to blind; <i>ex</i>
(intens.) + <i>caecare</i> to blind, <i>caecus</i> blind.] <def>To
blind.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ce*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
making blind.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ced"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>excedens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>excedere</i>. See <u>Exceed</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Excess.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ceed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exceeded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exceeding</u>.] [L. <i>excedere</i>, <i>excessum</i>, to go away
or beyond; <i>ex</i> out + <i>cedere</i> to go, to pass: cf. F.
<i>exc&eacute;der</i>. See <u>Cede</u>.] <def>To go beyond; to
proceed beyond the given or supposed limit or measure of; to outgo;
to surpass; -- used both in a good and a bad sense; as, one man
<i>exceeds</i> another in bulk, stature, weight, power, skill, etc.;
one offender <i>exceeds</i> another in villainy; his rank
<i>exceeds</i> yours.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Name the time, but let it not<BR>
<i>Exceed</i> three days.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Observes how much a chintz <i>exceeds</i>
mohair.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To outdo; surpass; excel; transcend; outstrip;
outvie; overtop.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ceed"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To go too far; to pass the proper bounds or measure.</def> "In
our reverence to whom, we can not possibly <i>exceed</i>."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Forty stripes he may give him, and not
<i>exceed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxv. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be more or greater; to be
paramount.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ceed"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
exceeding or surpassing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ceed"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
exceeds.</def>  <i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ceed"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>More than usual;
extraordinary; more than sufficient; measureless.</def> "The
<i>exceeding</i> riches of his grace." <i>Eph. ii. 7.</i> --
<wf>Ex*ceed"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ceed"ing</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a very great
degree; extremely; exceedingly.</def> [Archaic. It is not joined to
verbs.] "The voice <i>exceeding</i> loud."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His raiment became shining, <i>exceeding</i> white as
snow.</blockquote> <i>Mark ix. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Genoese were <i>exceeding</i> powerful by
sea.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ceed"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To a very
great degree; beyond what is usual; surpassingly. It signifies more
than <i>very</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Excelled</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Excelling</u>.] [L. <i>excellere</i>, <i>excelsum</i>; <i>ex</i>
out + a root found in <i>culmen</i> height, top; cf. F.
<i>exceller</i>. See <u>Culminate</u>, <u>Column</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go beyond or surpass in good qualities or
laudable deeds; to outdo or outgo, in a good sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Excelling</i> others, these were great;<BR>
Thou, greater still, must these <i>excel</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw that wisdom <i>excelleth</i> folly, as far as
light <i>excelleth</i> darkness.</blockquote> <i>Eccl. ii.
13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exceed or go beyond; to
surpass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She opened; but to shut<BR>
<i>Excelled</i> her power; the gates wide open stood.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cel"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To surpass others
in good qualities, laudable actions, or acquirements; to be
distinguished by superiority; as, to <i>excel</i> in mathematics, or
classics.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unstable as water, thou shalt not
<i>excel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xlix. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then peers grew proud in horsemanship t'
<i>excel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"cel*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>excellence</i>, L. <i>excellentia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being excellent; state of possessing good
qualities in an eminent degree; exalted merit; superiority in
virtue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Consider first that great<BR>
Or bright infers not <i>excellence</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An excellent or valuable quality; that by
which any one excels or is eminent; a virtue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With every <i>excellence</i> refined.</blockquote>
<i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A title of honor or respect; -- more
common in the form <i>excellency</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do greet your <i>excellence</i><BR>
With letters of commission from the king.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Superiority; pre&euml;minence; perfection; worth;
goodness; purity; greatness.</p>

<p><hw>Ex"cel*len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Excellencies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Excellence; virtue; dignity; worth; superiority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>excellency</i> is over Israel.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. lxviii. 34.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Extinguish in men the sense of their own
<i>excellency</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A title of honor given to certain high
dignitaries, esp. to viceroys, ministers, and ambassadors, to English
colonial governors, etc. It was formerly sometimes given to kings and
princes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"cel*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>excellent</i>, L. <i>excellens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>excellere</i>. See <u>Excel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Excelling; surpassing others in some good quality or the sum of
qualities; of great worth; eminent, in a good sense; superior; as, an
<i>excellent</i> man, artist, citizen, husband, discourse, book,
song, etc.; <i>excellent</i> breeding, principles, aims,
action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To love . . . <BR>
What I see <i>excellent</i> in good or fair.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Superior in kind or degree, irrespective
of moral quality; -- used with words of a bad significance.</def>
[Obs. or Ironical] "An <i>excellent</i> hypocrite."  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their sorrows are most <i>excellent</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Worthy; choice; prime; valuable; select; exquisite;
transcendent; admirable; worthy.</p>

<p><hw>Ex"cel*lent</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Excellently;
eminently; exceedingly.</def> [Obs.] "This comes off well and
<i>excellent</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"cel*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In an excellent manner; well in a high degree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a high or superior degree; -- in this
literal use, not implying worthiness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When the whole heart is <i>excellently</i>
sorry.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ex*cel"si*or</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., compar. of
<i>excelsus</i> elevated, lofty, p. p. of <i>excellere</i>. See
<u>Excel</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>More lofty; still higher;
ever upward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cel"si*or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
stuffing for upholstered furniture, mattresses, etc., in which curled
shreds of wood are substituted for curled hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cen"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-</i> +
<i>central</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Out of the center.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex*cen"tric</hw> (?), <hw>Ex*cen"tric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Same as
<u>Eccentric</u>, <u>Eccentrical</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One-sided; having the
normally central portion not in the true center.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`cen*tric"i*ty</hw> (?). <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Eccentricity</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cept"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Excepted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Excepting</u>.] [L. <i>exceptus</i>, p. p. of <i>excipere</i> to
take or draw out, to except; <i>ex</i> out + <i>capere</i> to take:
cf. F. <i>excepter</i>. See <u>Capable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take or leave out (anything) from a number or a whole as not
belonging to it; to exclude; to omit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who never touched<BR>
The <i>excepted</i> tree.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherein (if we only <i>except</i> the unfitness of the
judge) all other things concurred.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To object to; to protest against.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cept"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take exception;
to object; -- usually followed by <i>to</i>, sometimes by
<i>against</i>; as, to <i>except</i> to a witness or his
testimony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Except thou wilt <i>except</i> against my
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cept"</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [Originally past
participle, or verb in the imperative mode.] <def>With exclusion of;
leaving or left out; excepting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God and his Son <i>except</i>,<BR>
<i>Created thing naught valued he nor</i> . . .
<i>shunned</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Except</u>, <u>Excepting</u>, <u>But</u>,
<u>Save</u>, <u>Besides</u>.  <i>Excepting</i>, <i>except</i>,
<i>but</i>, and <i>save</i> are exclusive. <i>Except</i> marks
exclusion more pointedly. "I have finished all the letters
<i>except</i> one," is more marked than "I have finished all the
letters <i>but</i> one." <i>Excepting</i> is the same as
<i>except</i>, but less used. <i>Save</i> is chiefly found in poetry.
<i>Besides</i> (lit., by the side of) is in the nature of addition.
"There is no one here <i>except</i> or <i>but</i> him," means, take
him away and there is nobody present. "There is nobody here
<i>besides</i> him," means, he is present and by the side of, or in
addition to, him is nobody. "Few ladies, <i>except</i> her Majesty,
could have made themselves heard." In this example, <i>besides</i>
should be used, not <i>except</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*cept"</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Unless; if it
be not so that.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he said, I will not let thee go, <i>except</i>
thou bless me.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxii. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But yesterday you never opened lip,<BR>
<i>Except</i>, indeed, to drink.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; As a conjunction <i>unless</i> has mostly taken the place
of <i>except</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*cept"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making
exception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cept"ing</hw>, <pos><i>prep. &amp; conj., but properly a
participle</i></pos>. <def>With rejection or exception of; excluding;
except.</def> "<i>Excepting</i> your worship's presence."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No one was ever yet made utterly miserable,
<i>excepting</i> by himself.</blockquote> <i>Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exceptio</i>: cf. F. <i>exception</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of excepting or excluding; exclusion; restriction by
taking out something which would otherwise be included, as in a
class, statement, rule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is excepted or taken out from
others; a person, thing, or case, specified as distinct, or not
included; as, almost every general rule has its
<i>exceptions</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such rare <i>exceptions</i>, shining in the dark,<BR>
Prove, rather than impeach, the just remark.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>Often with <i>to</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>That proud <i>exception</i> to all nature's
laws.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An objection, oral or
written, taken, in the course of an action, as to bail or security;
or as to the decision of a judge, in the course of a trail, or in his
charge to a jury; or as to lapse of time, or scandal, impertinence,
or insufficiency in a pleading; also, as in conveyancing, a clause by
which the grantor excepts something before granted.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An objection; cavil; dissent;
disapprobation; offense; cause of offense; -- usually followed by
<i>to</i> or <i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will never answer what <i>exceptions</i> they can
have against our account [relation].</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . took <i>exception</i> to the place of their
burial.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She takes <i>exceptions</i> at your
person.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of exceptions</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a statement
of exceptions to the decision, or instructions of a judge in the
trial of a cause, made for the purpose of putting the points decided
on record so as to bring them before a superior court or the full
bench for review.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cep"tion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable
to exception or objection; objectionable.</def> --
<wf>Ex*cep"tion*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>This passage I look upon to be the most
<i>exceptionable</i> in the whole poem.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cep"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exceptionnel</i>.] <def>Forming an exception; not ordinary;
uncommon; rare; hence, better than the average; superior.</def>
<i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This particular spot had <i>exceptional</i>
advantages.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Th. )</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex*cep"tion*al*ly</wf>(#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cep"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
takes exceptions or makes objections.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cep"tion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
exception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A universal, . . . <i>exceptionless</i>
disqualification.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cep"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed or
apt to take exceptions, or to object; captious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At least effectually silence the doubtful and
<i>exceptious</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex*cep"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cept"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That excepts;
including an exception; as, an <i>exceptive</i> proposition.</def>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A particular and <i>exceptive</i> law.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cept"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not exceptional;
usual.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My general and <i>exceptless</i>
rashness.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cept"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a scribe.]
<def>One who takes exceptions.</def>  <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cer`e*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excerebratus</i> deprived of brains; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>cerebrum</i> brain.] <def>The act of removing or beating out the
brains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cer"e*brose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Excerebration</u>.] <def>Brainless.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*cern"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excernere</i>. See <u>Excrete</u>.] <def>To excrete; to throw off
through the pores; as, fluids are <i>excerned</i> in
perspiration.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cern"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Excern</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Connected with, or pertaining
to, excretion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cerp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excerpere</i>, <i>excerptum</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>carpere</i> to
pick, gather. See <u>Harvest</u>, and cf. <u>Scarce</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To pick out.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cerpt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Excerpted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Excerpting</u>.] [From L. <i>excerptus</i>, p. p. See
<u>Excerp</u>.] <def>To select; to extract; to cite; to
quote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Out of which we have <i>excerpted</i> the following
particulars.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cerp"t</hw> (277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An extract; a
passage selected or copied from a book or record.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex*cerp"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excerptio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of excerpting or
selecting.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is selected or gleaned; an
extract.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>excerptions</i> out of the
Fathers.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cerp"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
excerpts, selects, or chooses.</def>  <i>D. L. Mackenzie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cerp"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
excerpts; a picker; a culler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>exces</i>,
<i>excess</i>, ecstasy, L. <i>excessus</i> a going out, loss of self-
possession, fr. <i>excedere</i>, <i>excessum</i>, to go out, go
beyond: cf. F. <i>exc&egrave;s</i>. See <u>Exceed</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of surpassing or going beyond
limits; the being of a measure beyond sufficiency, necessity, or
duty; that which exceeds what is usual or proper; immoderateness;
superfluity; superabundance; extravagance; as, an <i>excess</i> of
provisions or of light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To gild refined gold, to paint the lily,<BR>
To throw a perfume on the violet, . . . <BR>
Is wasteful and ridiculous <i>excess</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That kills me with <i>excess</i> of grief, this with
<i>excess</i> of joy.</blockquote> <i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An undue indulgence of the appetite;
transgression of proper moderation in natural gratifications;
intemperance; dissipation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not drunk with wine, wherein is
<i>excess</i>.</blockquote> <i>Eph. v. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy desire . . . leads to no <i>excess</i><BR>
<i>That reaches blame</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The degree or amount by which one thing or
number exceeds another; remainder; as, the difference between two
numbers is the <i>excess</i> of one over the other.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spherical excess</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the amount
by which the sum of the three angles of a spherical triangle exceeds
two right angles. The spherical excess is proportional to the area of
the triangle.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 521 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cess"ive</hw> (&ebreve;k*s&ebreve;s"&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>excessif</i>.] <def>Characterized by,
or exhibiting, excess; overmuch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Excessive</i> grief [is] the enemy to the
living.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Undue; exorbitant; extreme; overmuch; enormous;
immoderate; monstrous; intemperate; unreasonable. See
<u>Enormous</u></p>

<p>--<wf>Ex*cess*ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
<wf>Ex*cess"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*change"</hw> (&ebreve;ks*ch&amacr;nj"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>eschange</i>, <i>eschaunge</i>, OF.
<i>eschange</i>, fr. <i>eschangier</i>, F. <i>&eacute;changer</i>, to
exchange; pref. <i>ex-</i> out + F. <i>changer</i>. See
<u>Change</u>, and cf. <u>Excamb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of giving or taking one thing in return for another which is
regarded as an equivalent; as, an <i>exchange</i> of cattle for
grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of substituting one thing in the
place of another; as, an <i>exchange</i> of grief for joy, or of a
scepter for a sword, and the like; also, the act of giving and
receiving reciprocally; as, an <i>exchange</i> of civilities or
views.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The thing given or received in return;
esp., a publication exchanged for another.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The process of setting
accounts or debts between parties residing at a distance from each
other, without the intervention of money, by exchanging orders or
drafts, called <i>bills of exchange</i>. These may be drawn in one
country and payable in another, in which case they are called
<i>foreign bills</i>; or they may be drawn and made payable in the
same country, in which case they are called <i>inland bills</i>. The
term <i>bill of exchange</i> is often abbreviated into
<i>exchange</i>; as, to buy or sell <i>exchange</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A in London is creditor to B in New York, and C in London
owes D in New York a like sum. A in London draws a bill of exchange
on B in New York; C in London purchases the bill, by which A receives
his debt due from B in New York. C transmits the bill to D in New
York, who receives the amount from B.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A mutual grant of equal
interests, the one in consideration of the other. Estates exchanged
must be equal in quantity, as fee simple for fee simple.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The place where the merchants, brokers,
and bankers of a city meet at certain hours, to transact business. In
this sense often contracted to <i>'Change</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arbitration of exchange</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Arbitration</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bill of exchange</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Bill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Exchange broker</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Broker</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Par of
exchange</b></col>, <cd>the established value of the coin or standard
of value of one country when expressed in the coin or standard of
another, as the value of the pound sterling in the currency of France
or the United States. The par <i>of exchange</i> rarely varies, and
serves as a measure for the rise and fall of exchange that is
affected by the demand and supply. Exchange is <i>at par</i> when,
for example, a bill in New York, for the payment of one hundred
pounds sterling in London, can be purchased for the sum. Exchange is
<i>in favor</i> of a place when it can be purchased there at or above
<i>par</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Telephone exchange</b></col>, <cd>a
central office in which the wires of any two telephones or telephone
stations may be connected to permit conversation.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Barter; dealing; trade; traffic; interchange.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*change"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exchanged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exchanging</u> (?).] [Cf.OF. <i>eschangier</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;changer</i>. See <u>Exchange</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To part with give, or transfer to another in
consideration of something received as an equivalent; -- usually
followed by <i>for</i> before the thing received.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Exchange</i> his sheep for shells, or wool for a
sparking pebble or a diamond.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To part with for a substitute; to lay
aside, quit, or resign (something being received in place of the
thing parted with); as, to <i>exchange</i> a palace for
cell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And death for life <i>exchanged</i>
foolishly.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To shift his being<BR>
Is to <i>exchange</i> one misery with another.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give and receive reciprocally, as
things of the same kind; to barter; to swap; as, to <i>exchange</i>
horses with a neighbor; to <i>exchange</i> houses or hats.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Exchange</i> forgiveness with me, noble
Hamlet.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To barter; change; commute; interchange; bargain;
truck; swap; traffic.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*change"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be changed or
received in exchange for; to pass in exchange; as, dollar
<i>exchanges</i> for ten dimes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*change`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being exchangeable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law ought not be contravened by an express article
admitting the <i>exchangeability</i> of such persons.</blockquote>
<i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*change"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>&eacute;changeable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being
exchanged; fit or proper to be exchanged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The officers captured with Burgoyne were
<i>exchangeable</i> within the powers of General Howe.</blockquote>
<i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Available for making exchanges;
ratable.</def> "An <i>exchangeable</i> value."  <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*change"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
exchange.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*chan"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
exchanges; one who practices exchange.</def>  <i>Matt. xxv.
27.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cheat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Escheat</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cheat"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Escheator</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*cheq"uer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>escheker</i>, OF. <i>eichekier</i>, fr. LL. <i>scaccarium</i>. See
<u>Checker</u>, <u>Chess</u>, <u>Check</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the superior courts of law; -- so called from a checkered
cloth, which covers, or formerly covered, the table.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; The <i>exchequer</i> was a court of law and equity. In the
revenue department, it had jurisdiction over the proprietary rights
of the crown against subjects; in the common law department, it
administered justice in personal actions between subject and subject.
A person proceeding against another in the revenue department was
said to <i>exchequer</i> him. The judges of this court were one chief
and four puisne barons, so styled. The <i>Court of Exchequer
Chamber</i> sat as court of error in which the judgments of each of
the superior courts of common law, in England, were subject to
revision by the judges of the other two sitting collectively. Causes
involving difficult questions of law were sometimes after argument,
adjourned into this court from the other courts, for debate before
judgment in the court below. Recent legislation in England (1880) has
abolished the Court of Exchequer and the Court of Exchequer Chamber,
as distinct tribunals, a single board of judiciary, the High Court of
Justice, being established for the trial of all classes of civil
cases.  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The department of state having charge of
the collection and management of the royal revenue. [Eng.] Hence, the
treasury; and, colloquially, pecuniary possessions in general; as,
the company's <i>exchequer</i> is low.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barons of the exchequer</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Baron</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Chancellor of the exchequer</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Chancellor</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Exchequer</b></col>
<col><b>bills or bonds</b></col> <i>(Eng.)</i>, <cd>bills of money,
or promissory bills, issued from the exchequer by authority of
Parliament; a species of paper currency emitted under the authority
of the government, and bearing interest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cheq"uer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exchequered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Exchequering</u>.] <def>To institute a process
against (any one) in the Court of Exchequer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excidere</i>, <i>excisum</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>caedere</i> to
cut. See <u>Concise</u>, and cf. <u>Excise</u> to cut off.] <def>To
cut off.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*cip"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excipients</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>exipere</i>. See
<u>Except</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Taking an
exception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cip"i*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An exceptor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inert or slightly active
substance used in preparing remedies as a vehicle or medium of
administration for the medicinal agents.</def>  <i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex"ci*ple</hw> (?), <hw>||Ex*cip"u*lum</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>excipulum</i>, fr. L. <i>excipere</i>.
See <u>Except</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The outer part of the
fructification of most lichens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cis"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable or
subject to excise; as, tobacco in an <i>excisable</i>
commodity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Apparently fr. L.
<i>excisum</i> cut off, fr. <i>excidere</i> to cut out or off;
<i>ex</i> out, off + <i>caedere</i> to cut; or, as the word was
formerly written <i>accise</i>, fr. F. <i>accise</i>, LL.
<i>accisia</i>, as if fr. L. <i>accidere</i>, <i>accisum</i>, to cut
into; <i>ad + caedere</i> to cut; but prob. transformed fr. OF.
<i>assise</i>, LL. <i>assisa</i>, <i>assisia</i>, assize. See
<u>Assize</u>, <u>Concise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In inland
duty or impost operating as an indirect tax on the consumer, levied
upon certain specified articles, as, tobacco, ale, spirits, etc.,
grown or manufactured in the country. It is also levied to pursue
certain trades and deal in certain commodities. Certain direct taxes
(as, in England, those on carriages, servants, plate, armorial
bearings, etc.), are included in the excise. Often used adjectively;
as, <i>excise</i> duties; <i>excise</i> law; <i>excise</i>
system.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The English <i>excise</i> system corresponds to the
internal revenue system in the United States.</blockquote>
<i>Abbot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>excise</i> . . . is a fixed, absolute, and
direct charge laid on merchandise, products, or
commodities.</blockquote> <i>11 Allen's (Mass. ) Rpts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That department or bureau of the public
service charged with the collection of the excise taxes.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*cise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Excised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Excising</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay or impose an excise
upon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impose upon; to overcharge.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*cise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Excide</u>.]
<def>To cut out or off; to separate and remove; as, to <i>excise</i>
a tumor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cise"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Excisemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>An officer who inspects and
rates articles liable to excise duty.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ci"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>excisio</i>:
cf. F. <i>excision</i>. See <u>Excide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of excising or cutting out or off; extirpation;
destruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such conquerors are the instruments of vengeance on
those nations that have . . . grown ripe for
<i>excision</i>.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The act of cutting off from
the church; excommunication.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The removal, especially of
small parts, with a cutting instrument.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cit"a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>excitabilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of
being readily excited; proneness to be affected by exciting
causes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The property manifested
by living organisms, and the elements and tissues of which they are
constituted, of responding to the action of stimulants; irritability;
as, nervous <i>excitability</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cit"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excitabilis</i> inciting: cf. F. <i>excitable</i>.] <def>Capable
of being excited, or roused into action; susceptible of excitement;
easily stirred up, or stimulated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cit"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>excitans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>excitare</i>: cf. F. <i>excitant</i>.]
<def>Tending to excite; exciting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cit"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>An agent or influence which arouses vital activity, or produces
increased action, in a living organism or in any of its tissues or
parts; a stimulant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cit"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>excitare</i>. See <u>Excite</u>.]
<def>To excite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ci*ta"tion</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>excitation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of exciting or putting in motion; the act of rousing up
or awakening.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act of producing
excitement (stimulation); also, the excitement produced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cit"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>excitatif</i>.] <def>Having power to excite; tending or serving to
excite; excitatory.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"ci*ta`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., one who
rouses.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A kind of discarder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cit"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>excitatoire</i>.] <def>Tending to excite; containing excitement;
excitative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Excited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>exciting</u>.] [L. <i>excitare</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>citare</i>
to move rapidly, to rouse: cf. OF. <i>esciter</i>, <i>exciter</i>, F.
<i>exciter</i>. See <u>Cite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To call to
activity in any way; to rouse to feeling; to kindle to passionate
emotion; to stir up to combined or general activity; as, to
<i>excite</i> a person, the spirits, the passions; to <i>excite</i> a
mutiny or insurrection; to <i>excite</i> heat by friction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To call forth or
increase the vital activity of an organism, or any of its
parts.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To incite; awaken; animate; rouse or arouse;
stimulate; inflame; irritate; provoke.  -- To <u>Excite</u>,
<u>Incite</u>. When we <i>excite</i> we rouse into action feelings
which were less strong; when we <i>incite</i> we spur on or urge
forward to a specific act or end. Demosthenes <i>excited</i> the
passions of the Athenians against Philip, and thus <i>incited</i> the
whole nation to unite in the war against him. Antony, by his speech
over the body of C&aelig;sar, so <i>excited</i> the feelings of the
populace, that Brutus and his companions were compelled to flee from
Rome; many however, were <i>incited</i> to join their standard, not
only by love of liberty, but hopes of plunder.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*cite"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Full of
exciting qualities; as, an <i>exciteful</i> story; <i>exciteful</i>
players.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cite"ment</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>excitement</i>, <i>escitement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of exciting, or the state of being roused into action, or of
having increased action; impulsion; agitation; as, an
<i>excitement</i> of the people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which excites or rouses; that which
moves, stirs, or induces action; a motive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cares and <i>excitements</i> of a season of
transition and struggle.</blockquote> <i>Talfowrd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A state of aroused or
increased vital activity in an organism, or any of its organs or
tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cit"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, excites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hope is the grand <i>exciter</i> of
industry.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cit"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Calling or rousing
into action; producing excitement; as, <i>exciting</i> events; an
<i>exciting</i> story.</def> -- <wf>Ex*cit"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Exciting causes</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>those which
immediately produce disease, or those which excite the action of
predisposing causes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cit"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving or
tending to excite; excitative.</def> [R.]  <i>Bamfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cit"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which excites;
an excitant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ci`to-mo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Motion excited by reflex nerves. See
<u>Excito-motory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ci`to-mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Excito-motory; as, <i>excito-motor</i> power
or causes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ci`to-mo"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Exciting motion; -- said of that portion of
the nervous system concerned in reflex actions, by which impressions
are transmitted to a nerve center and then reflected back so as to
produce muscular contraction without sensation or volition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ci`to-nu"tri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Exciting nutrition; said of the reflex
influence by which the nutritional processes are either excited or
modified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ci`to-se*cre"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Exciting secretion; -- said of the influence
exerted by reflex action on the function of secretion, by which the
various glands are excited to action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*claim"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exclaimed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Exclaiming</u>.] [L. <i>exclamare</i>,
<i>exclamatum</i>; <i>ex</i> + <i>clamare</i> to cry out; cf. OF.
<i>exclamer</i>. See <u>Clam</u>.] <def>To cry out from earnestness
or passion; to utter with vehemence; to call out or declare loudly;
to protest vehemently; to vociferate; to shout; as, to <i>exclaim</i>
against oppression with wonder or astonishment; "The field is won!"
he <i>exclaimed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*claim"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Outcry;
clamor.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cursing cries and deep <i>exclaims</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*claim"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
exclaims.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`cla*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exclamatio</i>: cf. F. <i>exclamation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A loud calling or crying out; outcry; loud or emphatic
utterance; vehement vociferation; clamor; that which is cried out, as
an expression of feeling; sudden expression of sound or words
indicative of emotion, as in surprise, pain, grief, joy, anger,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Exclamations</i> against abuses in the
church.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus will I drown your
<i>exclamations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A festive <i>exclamation</i> not unsuited to the
occasion.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A word expressing outcry;
an interjection; a word expressing passion, as wonder, fear, or
grief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A mark or sign by which
outcry or emphatic utterance is marked; thus [!]; -- called also
<i>exclamation point</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*clam"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exclamatif</i>.] <def>Exclamatory.</def> <i>Earle.</i> --
<wf>Ex*clam"a*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*clam"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing, expressing, or using exclamation; as, an
<i>exclamatory</i> phrase or speaker.</def> <i>South.</i> --
<wf>Ex*clam"a*to*ti*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*clave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed fr.
<i>enclave</i> by substitution of <i>ex-</i> for <i>en-</i>] <def>A
portion of a country which is separated from the main part and
surrounded by politically alien territory.</def> [Recent.]</p>

<p>&fist; The same territory is an <i>enclave</i> in respect to the
surrounding country and an <i>exclave</i> with respect to the country
to which it is politically attached.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*clude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Excluded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Excluding</u>.] [L. <i>excludere</i>, <i>exclusum</i>; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>claudere</i> to shut. See <u>Close</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To shut out; to hinder from entrance or admission; to debar from
participation or enjoyment; to deprive of; to except; -- the opposite
to <i>admit</i>; as, <i>to exclude</i> a crowd from a room or house;
to <i>exclude</i> the light; to <i>exclude</i> one nation from the
ports of another; to <i>exclude</i> a taxpayer from the privilege of
voting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And none but such, from mercy I
<i>exclude</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrust out or eject; to expel; as, to
<i>exclude</i> young animals from the womb or from eggs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Excluded middle</b></col>. <i>(logic)</i> <cd>The name
given to the third of the  "three logical axioms," so-called, namely,
to that one which is expressed by the formula: "Everything is either
A or Not-A." no third state or condition being involved or allowed.
See <i>Principle of contradiction</i>, under
<u>Contradiction</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 522 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex*clu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exclusio</i>: cf. F. <i>exclusion</i>. See <u>Exclude</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of excluding, or of shutting out,
whether by thrusting out or by preventing admission; a debarring;
rejection; prohibition; the state of being excluded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His sad <i>exclusion</i> from the doors of
bliss.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>exclusion</i> of the duke from the crown of
England and Ireland.</blockquote> <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act of expelling or
ejecting a fetus or an egg from the womb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Thing emitted.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*clu"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to exclude; causing exclusion; exclusive.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Ex*clu"sion*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
character, manner, or principles of an exclusionist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*clu"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who would
exclude another from some right or privilege; esp., one of the anti-
popish politicians of the time of Charles II.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*clu"sive</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exclusif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the power of
preventing entrance; debarring from participation or enjoyment;
possessed and enjoyed to the exclusion of others; as,
<i>exclusive</i> bars; <i>exclusive</i> privilege; <i>exclusive</i>
circles of society.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not taking into the account; excluding
from consideration; -- opposed to <i>inclusive</i>; as, five thousand
troops, <i>exclusive</i> of artillery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*clu"sive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a coterie
who exclude others; one who from real of affected fastidiousness
limits his acquaintance to a select few.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*clu"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being exclusive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*clu"siv*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
practice of excluding being exclusive; exclusiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*clu"siv*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favor
or practices any from of exclusiveness or exclusivism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The field of Greek mythology . . . the favorite
sporting ground of the <i>exclusivists</i> of the solar
theory.</blockquote> <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*clu"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exclusorius</i>.] <def>Able to exclude; excluding; serving to
exclude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*coct"</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>excoctus</i>,
p. p. of <i>excoquere</i> to excoct. See 3d <u>Cook</u>.] <def>To
boil out; to produce by boiling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*coc"tion</hw> (?). [L. <i>excoctio</i>.] <def>The act of
excocting or boiling out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cog"i*tate</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Excogitated</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos>. <u>Excogitating</u>.] [L. <i>excogitatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>excogitare</i> to excogitate; <i>ex</i> out + <i>cogitare</i> to
think. See <u>Cogitate</u>.] <def>To think out; to find out or
discover by thinking; to devise; to contrive.</def>
"<i>Excogitate</i> strange arts."  <i>Stirling.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This evidence . . . thus <i>excogitated</i> out of the
general theory.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cog"i*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
cogitate.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cog`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excogitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>excogitation</i>.] <def>The act of
excogitating; a devising in the thoughts; invention;
contrivance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`com*mune"</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>excommuier</i>. See <u>Excommunicate</u>.] <def>To exclude from
participation in; to excommunicate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Poets . . . were <i>excommuned</i> Plato's common
wealth</blockquote> <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`com*mu"ni*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Excommunicate</u>.] <def>Liable or deserving to be excommunicated;
making excommunication possible or proper.</def> "Persons
<i>excommunicable</i> ."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What offenses are <i>excommunicable</i> ?</blockquote>
<i>Kenle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`com*mu"ni*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
has been excommunicated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"com*mu"ni*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excommunicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>communicare</i> to excommunicate;
<i>ex out + communicare</i>. See <u>Communicate</u>.]
<def>Excommunicated; interdicted from the rites of the church.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One excommunicated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt stand cursed and
<i>excommunicate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`com*mu"ni*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Excommunicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Excommunicating</u> (?).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put out of communion; especially, to cut
off, or shut out, from communion with the church, by an
ecclesiastical sentence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay under the ban of the church; to
interdict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Martin the Fifth . . . was the first that
<i>excommunicated</i> the reading of heretical books.</blockquote>
<i>Miltin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`com*mu`ni*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excommunicatio</i>: cf. F. <i>excommunication</i>.] <def>The act
of communicating or ejecting; esp., an ecclesiastical censure whereby
the person against whom it is pronounced is, for the time, cast out
of the communication of the church; exclusion from fellowship in
things spiritual.</def></p>

<p>&fist; excommunication is of two kinds, the <i>lesser</i> and the
<i>greater</i>; the <i>lesser</i> excommunication is a separation or
suspension from partaking of the Eucharist; the <i>greater</i> is an
absolute execution of the offender from the church and all its rights
and advantages, even from social intercourse with the faithful.</p>

<p><hw>Ex`com*mu"ni*ca`tor</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>excommunicator</i>.] <def>One who excommunicates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`com*mun"ion</hw> (?). <def>A shutting out from communion;
excommunication.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Excommunication</i> is the utmost of ecclesiastical
judicature.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*co"ri*a*ble</hw> (?). <def>Capable of being
excoriated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> The scaly covering of fishes, . . . even in such as
are <i>excoriatable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*co"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Excoriated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>excoriating</u> (?).] [L. <i>excoriare</i>; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>corium</i> hide. cf. <u>Scourge</u>; see <u>Cuirass</u>.]
<def>To strip or wear off the skin of; to abrade; to gall; to break
and remove the cuticle of, in any manner, as by rubbing, beating, or
by the action of acrid substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*co`ri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>excoriation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of excoriating
or flaying, or state of being excoriated, or stripped of the skin;
abrasion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stripping of possession; spoliation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A pitiful <i>excoriation</i> of the poorer
sort.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cor"ti*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>ex</i>
out, from + <i>cortex</i>, <i>corticis</i>, bark.] <def>To strip of
bark or skin; to decorticate.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Excorticate</i> the
tree."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cor`ti*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>excortication</i>.] <def>The act of stripping off bark, or the
state of being thus stripped; decortication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"cre*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excreabilis</i>, <i>exscreabilis</i>, fr. <i>exscreare</i>. See
<u>Excreate</u>.] <def>Capable of being discharged by spitting.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"cre*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excreare</i>, <i>exsreare</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>screare</i> to
hawk.] <def>To spit out; to discharge from the throat by hawking and
spitting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`cre*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excreatio</i>, <i>exscreatio</i>.] <def>Act of spitting out.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"cre*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excrementum</i>, fr. <i>excernere</i>, <i>excretum</i>, to skin
out, discharge: cf. F. <i>excr&eacute;ment</i>. See <u>Excrete</u>.]
<def>Matter excreted and ejected; that which is excreted or cast out
of the animal body by any of the natural emunctories; especially,
alvine, discharges; dung; ordure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"cre*ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>excrementum</i>,
fr. <i>excrescere</i>, <i>excretum</i>, to grow out. See
<u>Excrescence</u>.] <def>An excrescence or appendage; an
outgrowth.</def> [Obs.] "Ornamental <i>excrements</i>."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Living creatures put forth (after their period of
growth) nothing that is young but hair and nails, which are
<i>excrements</i> and no parts.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`cre*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to excrement.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex`cre*men*ti"tial</hw> (?), <hw>Ex`cre*men*ti"tious</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
consisting of, excrement; of the nature of excrement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`cre*men"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
excrete; connected with excretion or excrement.</def> [R.] "The
<i>excrementive</i> parts."  <i>Felthman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"cre*ment*ize`</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To void
excrement.</def> [R.]  <i>Life of A. Wood &?;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cres"cence</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>excrescence</i>, <i>excroissanse</i>, L. <i>excrescentia</i>
excrescences, neut. pl. of p. pr. of <i>excrescere</i>. See
<u>Excrescent</u>.] <def>An excrescent appendage, as, a wart or
tumor; anything growing out unnaturally from anything else; a
preternatural or morbid development; hence, a troublesome
superfluity; an incumbrance; as, an <i>excrescence</i> on the body,
or on a plant.</def> "<i>Excrescences</i> of joy."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>excrescences</i> of the Spanish
monarchy.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cres"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Excrescence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*cres"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excresens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>excrescere</i> to grow
out ; <i>ex</i> out + <i>crescere</i> to grow. See <u>Crescent</u>.]
<def>Growing out in an abnormal or morbid manner or as a
superfluity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Expunge the whole, or lip the <i>excrescent</i>
parts.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Excrescent letter</b></col> <i>(Philol.)</i>, <cd>a letter
which has been added to a root; as, the <i>d</i> in <i>alder</i> (AS.
<i>alr</i>) is an <i>excrescent letter</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex`cres*cen"tial</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or resembling, an excrescence.</def> [R.]  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ex*cre"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Matters to be excreted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*crete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Excreted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Excreting</u>.] [L. <i>excretus</i>, p. p. of <i>excernere</i> to
sift out, discharge; <i>ex</i> out + <i>cernere</i> to sift,
separate. See <u>Crisis</u>.] <def>To separate and throw off; to
<i>excrete</i> urine.</def> "The mucus thus <i>excreted</i>."
<i>Hooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"cre*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Excrete</u>.] <i>(physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A nonnitrogenous,
crystalline body, present in small quantity in human
f&aelig;ces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cre"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>excr&eacute;tion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
excreting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To promote secretion and
<i>excretion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pereira.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is excreted; excrement.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cre"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
power of excreting, or promoting excretion.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cre"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>excr&eacute;toire</i>.] <def>Having the quality of excreting, or
throwing off excrementitious matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cru"ci*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excruciabilis</i>.] <def>Liable to torment.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cru"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excruciatus</i>, p. p. of <i>excruciare</i> to excruciate;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>cruciare</i> to put to death on a cross, to
torment. See <u>Cruciate</u>, <u>Cross</u>.] <def>Excruciated;
tortured.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And here my heart long time
<i>excruciate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cru"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Excruciated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Excruciating</u> (?).] <def>To inflict agonizing pain
upon; to torture; to torment greatly; to rack; as, to
<i>excruciate</i> the heart or the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their thoughts, like devils, them
<i>excruciate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cru"ci*a`ting</hw> (?). <def>Torturing; racking.</def>
"<i>Excruciating</i> pain." <i>V. Knox.</i> "<i>Excruciating</i>
fears." <i>Bentley</i> -- <wf>Ex*cru"ci*a`ting*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cru`ci*a"tion</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excruciatio</i>.] <def>The act of inflicting agonizing pain, or
the state of being thus afflicted; that which excruciates;
torture.</def>  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`cu*ba"tion</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excubatio</i>, fr. <i>excubare</i> to lie out on guard; <i>ex</i>
out on guard; <i>ex</i> out + <i>cubare</i> to lie down.] <def>A
keeping watch.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ex*cu`bi*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>excubitorium</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>cubare</i>, <i>cubitum</i>,
to lie.] <i>(Eccl. Antiq.)</i> <def>A gallery in a church, where
persons watched all night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cul"pa*ble</hw> (?). <def>Capable of being exculpated;
deserving exculpation.</def>  <i>Sir G. Buck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cul"pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exculpated</u> (?), <i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i>.
<u>Exculpating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>ex</i> out + <i>culpatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>culpare</i> to find fault with, to blame, <i>culpa</i> fault.
See <u>Culpable</u>.] <def>To clear from alleged fault or guilt; to
prove to be guiltless; to relieve of blame; to acquit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>exculpated</i> himself from being the author of
the heroic epistle.</blockquote> <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>exculpate</i> him further for his writing against
me.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To exonerate; absolve; clear; acquit; excuse;
vindicate; justify.</p>

<p><hw>Ex`cul*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>exculpatio</i>.] <def>The act of exculpating from alleged fault or
crime; that which exculpates; excuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These robbers, however, were men who might have made
out a strong case in <i>exculpation</i> of themselves.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cul"pa*to*ry</hw> (?). <def>Clearing, or tending to clear,
from alleged fault or guilt; excusing.</def> "An <i>exculpatory</i>
letter."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cur"</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>excurrere</i>.
See <u>Excurrent</u>.] <def>To run out or forth; to extend.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cur"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excurrens</i>, p. p. of excurrere, excursum, to run out; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>currere</i> to run. See <u>Current</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Running or flowing out</def>; as: <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Running or
extending out; as, an <i>excurrent</i> midrib, one which projects
beyond the apex of a leaf; an <i>excurrent</i> steam or trunk, one
which continues to the top.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>Characterized by a
current which flows outward; as, an <i>excurrent</i> orifice or
tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*curse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>excurrent</u>.] <def>To journey or pass thought.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*cur"sion</hw> (?). [L. <i>excursio</i>: cf. F.
<i>excursion</i>. See <u>Excurrent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
running or going out or forth; an expedition; a sally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Far on <i>excursion</i> toward the gates of
hell.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They would make <i>excursions</i> and waste the
country.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A journey chiefly for recreation; a
pleasure trip; a brief tour; as, an <i>excursion</i> into the
country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wandering from a subject;
digression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am not in a scribbling mood, and shall therefore
make no <i>excursions</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Length of stroke, as of a
piston; stroke. [An awkward use of the word.]</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Journey; tour; ramble; jaunt. See
<u>Journey</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*cur"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who goes
on an excursion, or pleasure trip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cur"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prone to make
excursions; wandering; roving; exploring; as, an <i>excursive</i>
fancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The course of <i>excursive</i> . . .
understandings.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex*cur"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ex*cur"sive*ness</wf>, , <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ex*cur"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>excurrere</i>, <i>excursum</i>. See <u>Excurrent</u>.] <def>A
dissertation or digression appended to a work, and containing a more
extended exposition of some important point or topic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cus"a*ble</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excusabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>excusable</i>. See <u>Excuse</u>.]
<def>That may be excused, forgiven, justified, or acquitted of blame;
pardonable; as, the man is <i>excusable</i>; an <i>excusable</i>
action.</def> -- <wf>Ex*cus"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ex*cus"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>excusableness</i> of my
dissatisfaction.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`cu*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excusatio</i>: cf. F. <i>excusation</i>.] <def>Excuse;
apology.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`cu*sa"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
makes, or is authorized to make, an excuse; an apologist.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cus"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making or
containing excuse or apology; apologetical; as, an <i>excusatory</i>
plea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Excused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Excusing</u>.] [OE. <i>escusen</i>, <i>cusen</i>, OF.
<i>escuser</i>, <i>excuser</i>, F. <i>excuser</i>, fr. L.
<i>excusare</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>causa</i> cause, <i>causari</i>
to plead. See <u>Cause</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To free from
accusation, or the imputation of fault or blame; to clear from guilt;
to release from a charge; to justify by extenuating a fault; to
exculpate; to absolve; to acquit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man's persuasion that a thing is duty, will not
<i>excuse</i> him from guilt in practicing it, if really and indeed
it be against Gog's law.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Sharp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pardon, as a fault; to forgive
entirely, or to admit to be little censurable, and to overlook; as,
we <i>excuse</i> irregular conduct, when extraordinary circumstances
appear to justify it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must <i>excuse</i> what can not be
amended.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To regard with indulgence; to view
leniently or to overlook; to pardon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And in our own (<i>excuse</i> some courtly
stains.)<BR>
No whiter page than Addison remains.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To free from an impending obligation or
duty; hence, to disengage; to dispense with; to release by favor;
also, to remit by favor; not to exact; as, to <i>excuse</i> a
forfeiture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I pray thee have me <i>excused</i>.</blockquote>
<i>xiv. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To relieve of an imputation by apology or
defense; to make apology for as not seriously evil; to ask pardon or
indulgence for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Think ye that we <i>excuse</i> ourselves to
you?</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. xii. 19.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To vindicate; exculpate; absolve; acquit. - <u>To
Pardon</u>, <u>Excuse</u>, <u>Forgive</u>. A superior <i>pardons</i>
as an act of mercy or generosity; either a superior or an equal
<i>excuses</i>. A crime, great fault, or a grave offence, as one
against law or morals, may be <i>pardoned</i>; a small fault, such as
a failure in social or conventional obligations, slight omissions or
neglects may be <i>excused</i>. <i>Forgive</i> relates to offenses
against one's self, and punishment foregone; as, to <i>forgive</i>
injuries or one who has injured us; to <i>pardon</i> grave offenses,
crimes, and criminals; to <i>excuse</i> an act of forgetfulness, an
unintentional offense. <i>Pardon</i> is also a word of courtesy
employed in the sense of <i>excuse</i>.</p>

<p><! p. 523 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>excuse</i>.
See <u>Excuse</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of excusing, apologizing, exculpating, pardoning,
releasing, and the like; acquittal; release; absolution;
justification; extenuation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pleading so wisely in <i>excuse</i> of
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is offered as a reason for
being excused; a plea offered in extenuation of a fault or irregular
deportment; apology; as, an <i>excuse</i> for neglect of duty;
<i>excuses</i> for delay of payment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hence with denial vain and coy
<i>excuse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which excuses; that which extenuates
or justifies a fault.</def> "It hath the <i>excuse</i> of youth."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If eyes were made for seeing.<BR>
Then beauty is its own <i>excuse</i> for being.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Apology</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*cuse"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no excuse;
not admitting of excuse or apology.</def>  <i>Whillock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cuse"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>excusement</i>.] <def>Excuse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cus"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who offers excuses or pleads in extenuation of the fault of
another.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who excuses or forgives another.</def>
<i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cuss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excussus</i>. p. p. of <i>excutere</i> to shake off; <i>ex</i>
out, from + <i>quatere</i> to shake.  Cf. <u>Quash</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shake off; to discard.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>excuss</i> the notation of a Geity out of their
minds.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inspect; to investigate; to
decipher.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To take some pains in excusing some old
monuments.</blockquote> <i>F. Junius (1654).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To seize and detain by law, as
goods.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cus"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>excussio
a</i> shaking down; LL., a threshing of corn: cf. F.
<i>excussion</i>.] <def>The act of excusing; seizure by law.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ex"e*at</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., let him go
forth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A license for absence from a college
or a religious house.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A permission which a bishop grants to a
priest to go out of his diocese.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"e*cra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>execrabilis</i>, <i>exsecrabilis</i>: cf. F.
<i>ex&eacute;crable</i>. See <u>Execrate</u>.] <def>Deserving to be
execrated; accursed; damnable; detestable; abominable; as, an
<i>execrable</i> wretch.</def> "<i>Execrable</i> pride."
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex"e*cra*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ex"e*cra*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex"e*crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Execrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Execrating</u> (?).] [L. <i>execratus</i>,
<i>exsecratus</i>, p. p. of <i>execrare</i>, <i>exsecrare</i>, to
execrate; <i>ex</i> out + <i>sacer</i> holy, sacred. See
<u>Sacred</u>.] <def>To denounce evil against, or to imprecate evil
upon; to curse; to protest against as unholy or detestable; hence, to
detest utterly; to abhor; to abominate.</def> "They . . .
<i>execrate</i> their lct."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`e*cra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>execratio</i>, <i>exsecratio</i>: cf. F.
<i>ex&eacute;cration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
cursing; a curse dictated by violent feelings of hatred; imprecation;
utter detestation expressed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cease, gentle, queen, these
<i>execrations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is execrated; a detested
thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall be an <i>execration</i> and . . . a
curse.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xlii. 18.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Malediction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex"e*cra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cursing;
imprecatory; vilifying.</def> <i>Carlyle.</i> --
<wf>Ex"e*cra*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex"e*cra*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word used for
cursing; an imprecatory word or expression.</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"e*cra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of execration; imprecatory; denunciatory.</def> <i>C.
Kingsley.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A formulary of
execrations.</def>  <i>L. Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Exsect</u>.]
<def>To cut off or out. [Obs.] See <u>Exsect</u>.</def>
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Exsection</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"e*cu`ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being executed; feasible; as, an <i>executable</i> project.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ec"u*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
executes or performs; esp., a performer on a musical
instrument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great <i>executants</i> on the organ.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"e*cute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Executed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Executing</u> (?).] [F. <i>ex&eacute;cuter</i>, L.
<i>executus</i>, <i>exsecutus</i>, p. p. of <i>exequi</i> to follow
to the end, pursue; <i>ex</i> out + <i>sequi</i> to follow. See
<u>Second</u>, <u>Sue</u> to follow up, and cf. <u>Exequy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To follow out or through to the end; to carry
out into complete effect; to complete; to finish; to effect; to
perform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why delays<BR>
His hand to <i>execute</i> what his decree<BR>
Fixed on this day?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To complete, as a legal instrument; to
perform what is required to give validity to, as by signing and
perhaps sealing and delivering; as, to <i>execute</i> a deed, lease,
mortgage, will, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give effect to; to do what is provided
or required by; to perform the requirements or stipulations of; as,
to <i>execute</i> a decree, judgment, writ, or process.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To infect capital punishment on; to put to
death in conformity to a legal sentence; as, to <i>execute</i> a
traitor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To put to death illegally; to kill.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To perform, as a piece of
music, either on an instrument or with the voice; as, to
<i>execute</i> a difficult part brilliantly.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To accomplish; effect; fulfill; achieve;
consummate; finish; complete. See <u>Accomplish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex"e*cute</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To do one's work; to act one's part or purpose.</def> [R.]
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perform musically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"e*cu`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
performs or carries into effect. See <u>Executor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`e*cu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ex&eacute;cution</i>, L. <i>executio</i>, <i>exsecutio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of executing; a carrying into effect
or to completion; performance; achievement; consummation; as, the
<i>execution</i> of a plan, a work, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The excellence of the subject contributed much to the
happiness of the <i>execution</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A putting to death as a legal penalty;
death lawfully inflicted; as, the <i>execution</i> of a
murderer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A warrant for his <i>execution</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of the mode of performing a work
of art, of performing on an instrument, of engraving, etc.; as, the
<i>execution</i> of a statue, painting, or piece of music.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first quality of <i>execution</i> is
truth.</blockquote> <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
carrying into effect the judgment given in a court of law.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A judicial writ by which an officer is
empowered to carry a judgment into effect; final process.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The act of signing, and delivering a legal
instrument, or giving it the forms required to render it valid; as,
the <i>execution</i> of a deed, or a will.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is executed or accomplished;
effect; effective work; -- usually with <i>do</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To do some fatal <i>execution</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The act of sacking a town.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; FL.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`e*cu"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who executes; an executer.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who puts to death in conformity to
legal warrant, as a hangman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ec"u*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>ex&eacute;cutif</i>.] <def>Designed or fitted for execution, or
carrying into effect; as, <i>executive</i> talent; qualifying for,
concerned with, or pertaining to, the execution of the laws or the
conduct of affairs; as, <i>executive</i> power or authority;
<i>executive</i> duties, officer, department, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In government, <i>executive</i> is distinguished from
<i>legislative</i> and <i>judicial</i>; <i>legislative</i> being
applied to the organ or organs of government which make the laws;
<i>judicial</i>, to that which interprets and applies the laws;
<i>executive</i>, to that which carries them into effect or secures
their due performance.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ec"u*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An impersonal
title of the chief magistrate or officer who administers the
government, whether king, president, or governor; the governing
person or body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ec"u*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the way
of executing or performing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ec"u*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>executor</i>, <i>exsecutor</i>: cf. F. <i>ex&eacute;cuteur</i>.
Cf. <u>Executer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who executes or
performs; a doer; as, an <i>executor</i> of baseness.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An executioner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Delivering o'er to <i>executors</i> paw&?;<BR>
The lazy, yawning drone.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The person appointed by a
testator to execute his will, or to see its provisions carried into
effect, after his decease.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Executor de son tort</b></col> [Of., executor of his own
wrong] <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a stranger who intermeddles without
authority in the distribution of the estate of a deceased
person.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ec`u*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>executorialis</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to an
executive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ec"u*tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office of an executor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ec"u*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>executorius</i>, L. <i>exsecutorius</i>: cf.F.
<i>ex&eacute;cutoire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to
administration, or putting the laws in force; executive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The official and <i>executory</i> duties of
government.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Designed to be executed or
carried into effect in time to come, or to take effect on a future
contingency; as, an <i>executory</i> devise, reminder, or estate; an
<i>executory</i> contract.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ec"u*tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>ex&eacute;cutrice</i>.] <def>An executrix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ec"u*trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A woman exercising the functions of an executor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"e*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>exedent</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>exedere</i>. See <u>Exesion</u>.]
<def>Eating out; consuming.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ex"e*dra</hw> (&ebreve;ks"&esl;*dr&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Exedr&aelig;</b></plw> (-
dr&emacr;). [L., fr. Gr <grk>'exe`dra</grk>; <grk>'ex</grk> out +
<grk>"e`dra</grk> seat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Antiq.)</i>
<def>A room in a public building, furnished with seats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
projection of any part of a building in a rounded form.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any out-of-door seat in stone, large enough
for several persons; esp., one of curved form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`e*ge"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Exegeses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr.Gr. &?;,fr. &?; to explain,
interpret; &?; out + &?; to guide, lead, akin, to &?; to lead. See
<u>Agent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exposition; explanation;
especially, a critical explanation of a text or portion of
Scripture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The process of finding the
roots of an equation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex"e*gete</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf.F.
<i>ex&eacute;g&egrave;te</i>. See <u>Exegesis</u>.] <def>An
exegetist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex`e*get"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ex`e*get"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>ex&eacute;g&eacute;tique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to exegesis;
tending to unfold or illustrate; explanatory; expository.</def>
<i>Walker.</i> <wf>Ex`e*get"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex`e*get"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
of interpretation or exegesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`e*ge"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
the science of exegesis or interpretation; -- also called
<i>exegete</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*em"plar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>exemplar</i>,
<i>exemplum</i>: cf. F. <i>exemplaire</i>. See <u>Example</u>, and
cf. <u>Examper</u>, <u>Sampler</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A model,
original, or pattern, to be copied or imitated; a specimen;
sometimes; an ideal model or type, as that which an artist
conceives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such grand <i>exemplar</i> as make their own abilities
the sole measure of what is fit or unfit.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A copy of a book or writing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*em"plar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exemplary.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>exemplar</i> piety of the father of a
family.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"em*pla*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner fitted or designed to be an example for imitation or for
warning; by way of example.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is <i>exemplarily</i> loyal.</blockquote>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some he punisheth <i>exemplarily</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"em*pla*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being exemplary; fitness to be an example.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`em*plar"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>exemplaritas</i>.] <def>Exemplariness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>exemplarity</i> of Christ's life.</blockquote>
<i>Abp. Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"em*pla*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exemplaris</i>, fr. <i>exemplar</i>: cf. F. <i>exemplaire</i>. See
<u>Exemplar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving as a pattern;
deserving to be proposed for imitation; commendable; as, an
<i>exemplary</i> person; <i>exemplary</i> conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Bishops'] lives and doctrines ought to be
<i>exemplary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Serving as a warning; monitory; as,
<i>exemplary</i> justice, punishment, or damages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Illustrating as the proof of a
thing.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Exemplary damages</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Damage</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex"em*pla*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An exemplar;
also, a copy of a book or writing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*em"pli*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
can be exemplified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*em`pli*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of exemplifying; a showing or
illustrating by example.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which exemplifies; a case in point;
example.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A copy or transcript attested
to be correct by the seal of an officer having custody of the
original.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*em"pli*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
exemplifies by following a pattern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*em"pli*fy</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exemplified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &. vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Exemplifying</u>.] [L. <i>exemplum</i> example + <i>-
fy</i>: cf. LL. <i>exemplificare</i> to copy, serve as an example.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To show or illustrate by example.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He did but . . . <i>exemplify</i> the principles in
which he had been brought up.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To copy; to transcribe; to make an
attested copy or transcript of, under seal, as of a record.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To prove or show by an attested
copy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*empt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>exempt</i>, L.
<i>exemptus</i>, p. p. of <i>eximere</i> to take out, remove, free;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>emere</i> to buy, take.  Cf. <u>Exon</u>,
<u>Redeem</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cut off; set apart.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Corrupted, and <i>exempt</i> from ancient
gentry.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extraordinary; exceptional.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Free, or released, from some liability to
which others are subject; excepted from the operation or burden of
some law; released; free; clear; privileged; -- (with <i>from</i>):
not subject to; not liable to; as, goods <i>exempt</i> from
execution; a person <i>exempt</i> from jury service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>True nobility is <i>exempt</i> from fear.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>T is laid on all, not any one
<i>exempt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*empt"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One exempted or freed from duty; one not subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of four officers of the Yeomen of the
Royal Guard, having the rank of corporal; an Exon.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*empt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exempted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exempting</u>.] [F. <i>exempter</i>. See <u>Exempt</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remove; to set
apart.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To release or deliver from some liability
which others are subject to; to except or excuse from he operation of
a law; to grant immunity to; to free from obligation; to release; as,
to <i>exempt</i> from military duty, or from jury service; to
<i>exempt</i> from fear or pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death<BR>
So snatched will not <i>exempt</i> us from the pain<BR>
We are by doom to pay.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*empt"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
exempted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*emp"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>exenptio</i>
a removing: cf. F. <i>exemption</i> exemption.] <def>The act of
exempting; the state of being exempt; freedom from any charge,
burden, evil, etc., to which others are subject; immunity; privilege;
as, <i>exemption</i> of certain articles from seizure;
<i>exemption</i> from military service; <i>exemption</i> from
anxiety, suffering, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`emp*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Separable.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Exemptitious</i> from matter."
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*en"ter*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exenteratus</i>, p. p. of <i>exenterare</i>; cf. Gr. &?;; &?; out
+ &?; intestine.] <def>To take out the bowels or entrails of; to
disembowel; to eviscerate; as, <i>exenterated</i> fishes.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Exenterated</i> rule-mongers and eviscerated
logicians.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*en`ter*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>exenteratio</i>.] <def>Act of exenterating.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ex`e*qua"tur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., 3d pers.
sing. pres. subj. of <i>exequi</i>, <i>exsequi</i>, to perform,
execute.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A written official recognition of a
consul or commercial agent, issued by the government to which he is
accredited, and authorizing him to exercise his powers in the place
to which he is assigned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Official recognition or permission.</def>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*e"qui*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exequialis</i>, <i>exsequialis</i>, fr. <i>exsequiae</i>
exequies.] <def>Of or pertaining to funerals; funereal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*e"qui*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Funereal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"e*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Exequies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>exequiae</i>,
<i>exsequiae</i>, a funeral procession, fr. <i>exsequi</i> to follow
out: cf. OF. <i>exeques</i>. See <u>Exequte</u>.] <def>A funeral rite
(usually in the plural); the ceremonies of burial; obsequies; funeral
procession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But see his <i>exequies</i> fulfilled in
Rouen.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*er"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exercents</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>exercere</i>. See
<u>Exercise</u>.] <def>Practicing; professional.</def> [Obs.] "Every
<i>exercent</i> advocate."  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"er*ci`sa*ble</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
exercised, used, or exerted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"er*cise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>exercice</i>,
L. <i>exercitium</i>, from <i>exercere</i>, <i>exercitum</i>, to
drive on, keep, busy, prob. orig., to thrust or drive out of the
inclosure; <i>ex</i> out + <i>arcere</i> to shut up, inclose. See
<u>Ark</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of exercising; a setting
in action or practicing; employment in the proper mode of activity;
exertion; application; use; habitual activity; occupation, in
general; practice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>exercise of the important function confided by the
constitution to the legislature.</blockquote> <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O we will walk this world,<BR>
Yoked in all <i>exercise</i> of noble end.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exertion for the sake of training or
improvement whether physical, intellectual, or moral; practice to
acquire skill, knowledge, virtue, perfectness, grace, etc.</def>
"Desire of knightly <i>exercise</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>exercise</i> of the eyes and
memory.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bodily exertion for the sake of keeping
the organs and functions in a healthy state; hygienic activity; as,
to take <i>exercise</i> on horseback.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wise for cure on <i>exercise</i>
depend.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The performance of an office, a ceremony,
or a religious duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lewis refused even those of the church of England . .
. the public <i>exercise</i> of their religion.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To draw him from his holy
<i>exercise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is done for the sake of
exercising, practicing, training, or promoting skill, health, mental,
improvement, moral discipline, etc.; that which is assigned or
prescribed for such ends; hence, a disquisition; a lesson; a task;
as, military or naval <i>exercises</i>; musical <i>exercises</i>; an
<i>exercise</i> in composition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The clumsy <i>exercises</i> of the European
tourney.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He seems to have taken a degree, and performed public
<i>exercises</i> in Cambridge, in 1565.</blockquote>
<i>Brydges.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which gives practice; a trial; a
test.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Patience is more oft the <i>exercise</i><BR>
Of saints, the trial of their fortitude.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Exercise bone</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a deposit of
bony matter in the soft tissues, produced by pressure or
exertion.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 524 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex"er*cise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exercised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Exercising</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set
in action; to cause to act, move, or make exertion; to give
employment to; to put in action habitually or constantly; to school
or train; to exert repeatedly; to busy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Herein do I <i>Exercise</i> myself, to have always a
conscience void of offence.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxiv. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exert for the sake of training or
improvement; to practice in order to develop; hence, also, to improve
by practice; to discipline, and to use or to for the purpose of
training; as, to <i>exercise</i> arms; to <i>exercise</i> one's self
in music; to <i>exercise</i> troops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>About him <i>exercised</i> heroic games<BR>
The unarmed youth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To occupy the attention and effort of; to
task; to tax, especially in a painful or vexatious manner; harass; to
vex; to worry or make anxious; to affect; to discipline; as,
<i>exercised</i> with pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where pain of unextinguishable fire<BR>
Must <i>exercise</i> us without hope of end.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put in practice; to carry out in
action; to perform the duties of; to use; to employ; to practice; as,
to <i>exercise</i> authority; to <i>exercise</i> an office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am the Lord which <i>exercise</i> loving-kindness,
judgment, and righteousness in the earth.</blockquote> <i>Jer. ix.
24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The people of the land have used oppression and
<i>exercised</i> robbery.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxii. 29.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"er*cise</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To exercise
one's self, as under military training; to drill; to take exercise;
to use action or exertion; to practice gymnastics; as, to
<i>exercise</i> for health or amusement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I wear my trusty sword,<BR>
When I do <i>exercise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"er*ci`ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
exercises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"er*ci`si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being exercised, employed, or enforced; as, the authority of a
magistrate is <i>exercisible</i> within his jurisdiction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*er`ci*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exercitatio</i>, fr. <i>exercitare</i>, intense., fr.
<i>exercere</i> to exercise: Cf. f. <i>exercitation</i>.]
<def>exercise; practice; use.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ergue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Gr. &?; out
+ &?; work; lit., out work, <i>i. e.</i>, accessory work. See
<u>Work</u>.] <i>(Numis.)</i> <def>The small space beneath the base
line of a subject engraved on a coin or medal. It usually contains
the date, place, engraver's name, etc., or other subsidiary
matter.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exerted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exerting</u>.] [L. <i>exertus</i>, <i>exsertus</i>, p. p. of
<i>exerere</i>, <i>exserere</i>, to thrust out; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>serere</i> to join or bind together. See <u>Series</u>, and cf.
<u>Exsert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To thrust forth; to emit; to
push out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So from the seas <i>exerts</i> his radiant head<BR>
The star by whom the lights of heaven are led.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put force, ability, or anything of the
nature of an active faculty; to put in vigorous action; to bring into
active operation; as, to <i>exert</i> the strength of the body,
limbs, faculties, or imagination; to <i>exert</i> the mind or the
voice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put forth, as the result or exercise of
effort; to bring to bear; to do or perform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When we will has <i>exerted</i> an act of command on
any faculty of the soul or member of the body.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To exert one's self</b></col>, <cd>to use efforts or
endeavors; to strive; to make an attempt.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*er"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
exerting, or putting into motion or action; the active exercise of
any power or faculty; an effort, esp. a laborious or perceptible
effort; as, an <i>exertion</i> of strength or power; an
<i>exertion</i> of the limbs or of the mind; it is an <i>exertion</i>
for him to move, to-day.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Attempt; endeavor; effort; essay; trial. See
<u>Attempt</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ert"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power or
a tendency to exert; using exertion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ert"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Exertion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*e"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>exedere</i>,
<i>exesum</i>, to eat up; <i>ex</i> out + <i>edere</i> to eat.]
<def>The act of eating out or through.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*es"tu*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exaestuatus</i>,p. p. of <i>exaestuare</i> to boil up. See
<u>Estuate</u>.] <def>To be agitated; to boil up; to
effervesce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*es`tu*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exaestuatio</i>.] <def>A boiling up; effervescence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ex"e*unt</hw> (?). [L., 3d pers. pl. pres. of <i>exire</i>
to go out.] <def>They go out, or retire from the scene; as,
<i>exeunt</i> all except Hamlet. See 1st <u>Exit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`fe*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-</i>
+ <i>fetation</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Imperfect fetation in some
organ exterior to the uterus; extra-uterine fetation.</def>
<i>Hoblyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*fo"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exfoliated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Exfoliating</u> (?).] [L. <i>exfoliare</i> to strip
of leaves; <i>ex</i> out, from + <i>folium</i> leaf.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate and come off in scales or
lamin&aelig;, as pieces of carious bone or of bark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>To split into scales,
especially to become converted into scales at the result of heat or
decomposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*fo"li*ate</hw> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To remove
scales, lamin&aelig;, or splinters from the surface of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*fo`li*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exfoliation</i>.] <def>The scaling off of a bone, a rock, or a
mineral, etc.; the state of being exfoliated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*fo"li*a"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>exfoliatif</i>.] <def>Having the power of causing
exfoliation.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An exfoliative
agent.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being exhaled or evaporated.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hal"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exhalant</i>.] <def>Having the quality of exhaling or
evaporating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ha*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exhalatio</i>: cf. F. <i>exhalaison</i>, <i>exhalation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of exhaling, or sending
forth in the form of steam or vapor; evaporation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is exhaled, or which rises in
the form of vapor, fume, or steam; effluvium; emanation; as,
<i>exhalations</i> from the earth or flowers, decaying matter,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye mists and <i>exhalations</i>, that now rise<BR>
From hill or steaming lake.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bright phenomenon; a meteor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall fall<BR>
Like a bright <i>exhalation</i> in the evening.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exaled</u> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>.
<u>Exaling</u>.] [L. <i>exhalare</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>halare</i>
to breathe; cf.F. <i>exhaler</i>.  Cf. <u>Inhale</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To breathe out. Hence: To emit, as vapor; to
send out, as an odor; to evaporate; as, the earth <i>exhales</i>
vapor; marshes <i>exhale</i> noxious effluvia.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Less fragrant scents the unfolding rose
<i>exhales</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw out; to cause to be emitted in
vapor; as, the sun <i>exhales</i> the moisture of the
earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hale"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rise or be
given off, as vapor; to pass off, or vanish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their inspiration <i>exhaled</i> in
elegies.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hale"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Exhalation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*hal"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Exhalation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*haust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exhausted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exhausting</u>.] [L. <i>exhaustus</i>, p. p. of <i>exhaurire</i>;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>haurire</i>, <i>haustum</i>, to draw, esp. water;
perhaps akin to Icel. <i>asua</i> to sprinkle, pump.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw or let out wholly; to drain off
completely; as, to <i>exhaust</i> the water of a well; the moisture
of the earth is <i>exhausted</i> by evaporation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To empty by drawing or letting out the
contents; as, to <i>exhaust</i> a well, or a treasury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To drain, metaphorically; to use or expend
wholly, or till the supply comes to an end; to deprive wholly of
strength; to use up; to weary or tire out; to wear out; as, to
<i>exhaust</i> one's strength, patience, or resources.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A decrepit, <i>exhausted</i> old man at fifty-
five.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bring out or develop completely; to
discuss thoroughly; as, to <i>exhaust</i> a subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To subject to the action of
various solvents in order to remove all soluble substances or
extractives; as, to <i>exhaust</i> a drug successively with water,
alcohol, and ether.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Exhausted receiver</b></col>. <i>(Physics)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Receiver</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To spend; consume; tire out; weary.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*haust"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>exhaustus</i>, p.
p.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Drained; exhausted; having expended or
lost its energy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to steam, air, gas, etc., that
is released from the cylinder of an engine after having preformed its
work.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Exhaust draught</b></col>, <cd>a forced draught produced
by drawing air through a place, as through a furnace, instead of
blowing it through.</cd> -- <col><b>Exhaust fan</b></col>, <cd>a fan
blower so arranged as to produce an exhaust draught, or to draw air
or gas out of a place, as out of a room in ventilating it.</cd> --
<col><b>Exhaust nozzle</b></col>, <col><b>Exhaust orifice</b></col>
<i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>the blast orifice or nozzle.</cd> --
<col><b>Exhaust pipe</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>the pipe
that conveys exhaust steam from the cylinder to the atmosphere or to
the condenser.</cd> <col><b>Exhaust port</b></col> <i>(Steam
Engine)</i>, <cd>the opening, in the cylinder or valve, by which the
exhaust steam escapes.</cd> -- <col><b>Exhaust purifier</b></col>
<i>(Milling)</i>, <cd>a machine for sorting grains, or purifying
middlings by an exhaust draught.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Exhaust steam</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>steam
which is allowed to escape from the cylinder after having been
employed to produce motion of the piston.</cd> -- <col><b>Exhaust
valve</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a valve that lets exhaust
steam escape out of a cylinder.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*haust"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The steam let out of a cylinder after it has
done its work there.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The foul air let out of a room through a
register or pipe provided for the purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*haust"er</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, exhausts or draws out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*haust`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being exhausted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was seriously tormented by the thought of the
<i>exhaustibility</i> of musical combinations.</blockquote> <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*haust"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being exhausted, drained off, or expended.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*haust"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing
exhaustion; as, <i>exhausting</i> labors.</def> --
<wf>Ex*haust"ing</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*haus"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exhaustion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of draining out
or draining off; the act of emptying completely of the
contents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being exhausted or emptied;
the state of being deprived of strength or spirits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>An ancient geometrical
method in which an exhaustive process was employed. It was nearly
equivalent to the modern method of limits.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The method of exhaustions was applied to great variety of
propositions, pertaining to rectifications and quadratures, now
investigated by the calculus.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*haust"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving or
tending to exhaust; exhibiting all the facts or arguments; as, an
<i>exhaustive method</i>.</def> <wf>Ex*haust"ive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*haust"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not be
exhausted; inexhaustible; as, an <i>exhaustless</i> fund or
store.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*haust"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Exhaustion;
drain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*haus"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Exhaustion.</def>  <i>Wraxall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ex"he*dra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See
<u>Exedra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*her"e*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.,
<i>exheredatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exheredare</i> to disinherit;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>heres</i>, <i>heredis</i>, heir.] <def>To
disinherit.</def> [R.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*her`e*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
<i>exheredatio</i>: cf. F. <i>exh&eacute;r&eacute;dation</i>.] <def>A
disinheriting; disherison.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex`he*red`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>exhereditare</i>, <i>exhereditatum</i>, disinherit.] <def>A
disinheriting; disherison.</def> [R.]  <i>E. Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hib"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exhibited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exhibiting</u>.] [L. <i>exhibitus</i>, p. p. of <i>exhibere</i> to
hold forth, to tender, exhibit; <i>ex</i> out + <i>habere</i> to have
or hold. See <u>Habit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hold forth or
present to view; to produce publicly, for inspection; to show,
especially in order to attract notice to what is interesting; to
display; as, to <i>exhibit</i> commodities in a warehouse, a picture
in a gallery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Exhibiting</i> a miserable example of the weakness
of mind and body.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To submit, as a document, to
a court or officer, in course of proceedings; also, to present or
offer officially or in legal form; to bring, as a charge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He suffered his attorney-general to <i>exhibit</i> a
charge of high treason against the earl.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To administer as a remedy;
as, to <i>exhibit</i> calomel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To exhibit a foundation or prize</b></col>, <cd>to hold it
forth or to tender it as a bounty to candidates.</cd> -- <col><b>To
exibit an essay</b></col>, <cd>to declaim or otherwise present it in
public.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*hib"it</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any article, or collection of articles, displayed to view, as in
an industrial exhibition; a display; as, this <i>exhibit</i> was
marked A; the English <i>exhibit</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A document produced and
identified in court for future use as evidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hib"it*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Exhibitor</u>.] <def>One who exhibits; one who presents a
petition, charge or bill.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`hi*bi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exhibitio</i> a delivering: cf. F. <i>exhibition</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of exhibiting for inspection, or of
holding forth to view; manifestation; display.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is exhibited, held forth, or
displayed; also, any public show; a display of works of art, or of
feats of skill, or of oratorical or dramatic ability; as, an
<i>exhibition</i> of animals; an <i>exhibition</i> of pictures,
statues, etc.; an industrial <i>exhibition</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sustenance; maintenance; allowance, esp.
for meat and drink; pension. Specifically: <i>(Eng. Univ.)</i>
Private benefaction for the maintenance of scholars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What maintenance he from his friends receives,<BR>
Like <i>exhibition</i> thou shalt have from me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have given more <i>exhibitions</i> to scholars, in
my days, than to the priests.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act of administering a
remedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`hi*bi"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng.
Univ.)</i> <def>One who has a pension or allowance granted for
support.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A youth who had as an <i>exhibitioner</i> from
Christ's Hospital.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hib"it*ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving for
exhibition; representative; exhibitory.</def>  <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex*hib"it*ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hib"it*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>exhibitor</i> a giver.] <def>One who exhibits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hib"it*o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exhibitorius</i> relating to giving up: cf. F. <i>exhibitoire</i>
exhibiting.] <def>Exhibiting; publicly showing.</def>  <i>J.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hil"a*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exhilarans</i>. <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. See <u>Exhilarate</u>.]
<def>Exciting joy, mirth, or pleasure.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>That which exhilarates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hil"a*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exhilarated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Exilarating</u>.] [L. <i>exhilaratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>exhilarare</i> to gladden; <i>ex</i> out + <i>hilarare</i> to make
merry, <i>hilaris</i> merry, cheerful. See <u>Hilarious</u>.] <def>To
make merry or jolly; to enliven; to animate; to gladden greatly; to
cheer; as, good news <i>exhilarates</i> the mind; wine
<i>exhilarates</i> a man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hil"a*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
joyous.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hil"a*ra`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
exhilarates; cheering; gladdening.</def> --
<wf>Ex*hil"a*ra`ting*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hil`a*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
<i>exhilaratio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of enlivening
the spirits; the act of making glad or cheerful; a
gladdening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being enlivened or
cheerful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Exhilaration</i> hath some affinity with joy,
though it be a much lighter motion.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Animation; joyousness; gladness; cheerfulness;
gayety; hilarity; merriment; jollity.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*hort"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exhorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exhorting</u>.] [L. <i>exhortari</i>; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>hortari</i> to incite, encourage; cf. F. <i>exhorter</i>. See
<u>Hortative</u>.] <def>To incite by words or advice; to animate or
urge by arguments, as to a good deed or laudable conduct; to address
exhortation to; to urge strongly; hence, to advise, warn, or
caution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Examples gross as earth <i>exhort</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me <i>exhort</i> you to take care of
yourself.</blockquote> <i>J. D. Forbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hort"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To deliver
exhortation; to use words or arguments to incite to good
deeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With many other words did he testify and
<i>exhort</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts ii. 40.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hort"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Exhortation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`hor*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exhortatio</i>: cf. F. <i>exhortation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of practice of exhorting; the act of inciting to
laudable deeds; incitement to that which is good or
commendable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Language intended to incite and encourage;
advice; counsel; admonition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll end my <i>exhortation</i> after
dinner.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 525 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hor"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exhortativus</i>: cf. F. <i>exhortatif</i>.] <def>Serving to
exhort; exhortatory; hortative.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hor"ta*to*ry</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exhortatorius</i>: cf. F. <i>exhortatoire</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to exhortation; hortatory.</def>  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hort"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who exhorts
or incites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hu"ma*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Disinterred.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex`hu*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>exhumatio</i>, F. <i>exhumation</i>.] <def>The act of exhuming
that which has been buried; as, the <i>exhumation</i> of a
body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*hume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exhumed</u> (?) <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>.
<u>Exhuming</u>.] [LL. <i>exhumare</i>; L. <i>ex</i> out +
<i>humus</i> ground, soil: cf. F. <i>exhumer</i>. See <u>Humble</u>.]
<def>To dig out of the ground; to take out of a place of burial; to
disinter.</def>  <i>Mantell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"ic*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Exsiccate</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ic*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Exsiccation</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex"i*gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Exigency.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"i*gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Exigencies</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>exigentia</i>: cf. F.
<i>exigence</i>.] <def>The state of being exigent; urgent or exacting
want; pressing necessity or distress; need; a case demanding
immediate action, supply, or remedy; as, an unforeseen
<i>exigency</i>.</def> "The present <i>exigency</i> of his affairs."
<i>Ludlow.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Demand; urgency; distress; pressure; emergency;
necessity; crisis.</p>

<p><hw>Ex`i*gen"da*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Exigenter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`i*gent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>exigens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>exigere</i> to drive out or forth, require,
exact. See <u>Exact</u>.] <def>Exacting or requiring immediate aid or
action; pressing; critical.</def> "At this <i>exigent</i> moment."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"i*gent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exigency; pressing necessity; decisive moment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Why do you cross me in this
<i>exigent</i>?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(o. Eng. Law)</i> <def>The name of a writ in
proceedings before outlawry.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"i*gent*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>An officer in the Court of King's Bench and Common
Pleas whose duty it was to make out exigents. The office is now
abolished.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"i*gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exigible</i>. See <u>Exigent</u>.] <def>That may be exacted;
repairable.</def> [R.]  <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`i*gu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exiguitas</i>, fr. <i>exiguus</i> small: cf. F.
<i>exiguit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Scantiness; smallness; thinness.</def>
[R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ig"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exiguus</i>.] <def>Scanty; small; slender; diminutive.</def> [R.]
"<i>Exiguous</i> resources." <i>Carlyle.</i> --
<wf>Ex*ig"uous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>exil</i>, fr. L.
<i>exilium</i>, <i>exsilium</i>, fr. <i>exsuil</i> one who quits, or
is banished from, his native soil; <i>ex</i> out + <i>solum</i>
ground, land, soil, or perh. fr.the root of <i>salire</i> to leap,
spring; cf. F. <i>exil</i>.  Cf. <u>Sole</u> of the foot,
<u>Saltation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Forced separation from
one's native country; expulsion from one's home by the civil
authority; banishment; sometimes, voluntary separation from one's
native country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let them be recalled from their
<i>exile</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The person expelled from his country by
authority; also, one who separates himself from his home.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art in <i>exile</i>, and thou must not
stay.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Banishment; proscription; expulsion.</p>

<p><hw>Ex"ile</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exiling</u>.] <def>To banish or expel from one's own country or
home; to drive away.</def> "<i>Exiled</i> from eternal God."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Calling home our <i>exiled</i> friends
abroad.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Banish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ile"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>exilis</i>.]
<def>Small; slender; thin; fine.</def> [Obs.]  "An <i>exile</i>
sound."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"ile*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>exilement</i>.] <def>Banishment.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir. H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*il"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
exile or banishment, esp. to that of the Jews in Babylon.</def>
<i>Encyc. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`i*li"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsilire</i> to spring from; <i>ex</i> out + <i>salire</i> to
spring, leap.] <def>A sudden springing or leaping out.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*il"ity</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>exilitas</i>:
cf. F. <i>exilit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Exile</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Smallness; meagerness; slenderness; fineness, thinness.</def>
[R.]  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*im"ious</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>eximius</i>
taken out, <i>i. e.</i> select, fr. <i>eximere</i> to take out. See
<u>Exempt</u>.] <def>Select; choice; hence, extraordinary,
excellent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>eximious</i> and arcane science of
physic.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*in"a*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exinanitus</i>, p. p. of <i>exinanire</i>; <i>ex</i> out (intens.)
+ <i>inanire</i> to make empty, <i>inanis</i>, empty.] <def>To make
empty; to render of no effect; to humble.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*in`a*ni"tion</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exinanitio</i>.] <def>An emptying; an enfeebling; exhaustion;
humiliation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fastings to the <i>exinanition</i> of
spirits.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Existed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Existing</u>.] [L. <i>existere</i>, <i>exsistere</i>, to step out
or forth, emerge, appear, exist; <i>ex</i> out + <i>sistere</i> to
cause to stand, to set, put, place, stand still, fr. <i>stare</i> to
stand: cf. F. <i>exister</i>. See <u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be as a fact and not as a mode; to have an actual or real
being, whether material or spiritual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who now, alas! no more is missed<BR>
Than if he never did <i>exist</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To conceive the world . . . to have <i>existed</i>
from eternity.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be manifest in any manner; to continue
to be; as, great evils <i>existed</i> in his reign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To live; to have life or the functions of
vitality; as, men can not <i>exist</i> in water, nor fishes on
land.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Be</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ist"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>existence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of existing or
being; actual possession of being; continuance in being; as, the
<i>existence</i> of body and of soul in union; the separate
<i>existence</i> of the soul; immortal <i>existence</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The main object of our <i>existence</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Continued or repeated manifestation;
occurrence, as of events of any kind; as, the <i>existence</i> of a
calamity or of a state of war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>existence</i> therefore, of a phenomenon, is
but another word for its being perceived, or for the inferred
possibility of perceiving it.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which exists; a being; a creature; an
entity; as, living <i>existences</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ist"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Existence.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>existens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>existere</i>. See <u>Exist</u>.]
<def>Having being or existence; existing; being; occurring now;
taking place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The eyes and mind are fastened on objects which have
no real being, as if they were truly <i>existent</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`is*ten"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
existence.</def> [Archaic] <i>Bp. Barlow.</i> --
<wf>Ex`is*ten"tial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Existentially</i> as well as essentially
intelligent.</blockquote> <i>Colerige.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ist"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
exists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ist"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
existence.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*is`ti*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>existimatio</i> judgment, opinion, fr. <i>existimare</i> to
estimate. See <u>Estimate</u>.] <def>Esteem; opinion;
reputation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Steele.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ex"it</hw> (?). [L., 3d pers. sing. pres. of <i>exire</i> to
go out. See <u>Exeunt</u>, <u>Issue</u>.] <def>He (or she ) goes out,
or retires from view; as, <i>exit</i> Macbeth.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Latin words <i>exit</i> (he or she goes out), and
<i>exeunt</i> ( they go out), are used in dramatic writings to
indicate the time of withdrawal from the stage of one or more of the
actors.</p>

<p><hw>Ex"it</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Exit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The departure of a player from the stage,
when he has performed his part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have their <i>exits</i> and their
entrances.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any departure; the act of quitting the
stage of action or of life; death; as, to make one's
<i>exit</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sighs for his <i>exit</i>, vulgarly called
death.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A way of departure; passage out of a
place; egress; way out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forcing the water forth through its ordinary
<i>exits</i>.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex*i"tial</hw> (?), <hw>Ex*i"tious</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>exitialis</i>, <i>exitious</i>, fr.
<i>exitium</i> a going out, a going to naught, <i>i. e.</i>, ruin,
fr. <i>exire</i> to go out: cf. F. <i>exitial</i>.] <def>Destructive;
fatal.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Exitial</i> fevers."  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"o-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; out of, outside, fr. &?; out. See
<u>Ex-</u>.] <def>A prefix signifying out of, outside; as in
<i>exo</i>carp, <i>exo</i>gen, <i>exo</i>skeleton.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex`o*car"di*ac</hw> (?), <hw>Ex`o*car"di*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Exo-</i> + Gr. <grk>kardi`a</grk> heart.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated or arising outside of the heart; as,
<i>exocardial</i> murmurs; -- opposed to
<i>endocardiac</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"o*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Exo-</i> + Gr.
&?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The outer portion of a fruit, as the
flesh of a peach or the rind of an orange. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Drupe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`oc*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-
</i> + <i>occipital</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a bone or
region on each side of the great foremen of the skull.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The exoccipital bone, which often forms a
part of the occipital in the adult, but is usually distinct in the
young.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`o*ce"tus</hw> (? or ?), <hw>||Ex`oc&oelig;"tus</hw>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>exocetus</i>, L. <i>exocoetus</i> a fish
that sleeps on the shore, Gr. <grk>'exw`koitos</grk>, lit., sleeping
out; <grk>'e`xw</grk> outside of + <grk>koi`th</grk> bed.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>A genus of fishes, including the common
flying fishes. See <u>Flying fish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*oc"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exoculatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exoculare</i> to exoculate; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>oculus</i> an eye.] <def>To deprive of eyes.</def> [R.]
<i>W. C. Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"ode</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>exodium</i>, Gr.
&?; (sc. &?; song) fr. &?; belonging to an exit, or to the finale of
a tragedy, fr. &?;: cf. F. <i>exode</i>. See <u>Exodus</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Departure; exodus; esp., the exodus of the
Israelites from Egypt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>L. Coleman.
Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Drama)</i> <def>The final chorus; the
catastrophe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An afterpiece of a
comic description, either a farce or a travesty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*od"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; belonging to
departure. See <u>Exodus</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Conducting
influences from the spinal cord outward; -- said of the motor or
efferent nerves. Opposed to <i>esodic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex*o"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Exode</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"o*dus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the book of
Exodus, Gr. &?; a going or marching out; &?; out + &?; way, cf.
<u>Skr</u>. <i>&amacr;-sad</i> to approach.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A going out; particularly (the Exodus), the going out or journey
of the Israelites from Egypt under the conduct of Moses; and hence,
any large migration from a place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The second of the Old Testament, which
contains the narrative of the departure of the Israelites from
Egypt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Exodus;
withdrawal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The time of the Jewish <i>exody</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`-of*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Proceeding
from office or authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex` of*fi"ci*o</hw> (?); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Ex
officiis</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>From office; by virtue, or as a
consequence, of an office; officially.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*og"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Exo-</i> + Gr.
&?; marriage.] <def>Relating to exogamy; marrying outside of the
limits of one's own tribe; -- opposed to <i>endogenous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*og"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The custom, or
tribal law, which prohibits marriage between members of the same
tribe; marriage outside of the tribe; -- opposed to
<i>endogamy</i>.</def>  <i>Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Exo-</i> + <i>-
gen</i>: cf. F. <i>exog&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant
belonging to one of the greater part of the vegetable kingdom, and
which the plants are characterized by having c wood bark, and pith,
the wood forming a layer between the other two, and increasing, if at
all, by the animal addition of a new layer to the outside next to the
bark. The leaves are commonly netted-veined, and the number of
cotyledons is two, or, very rarely, several in a whorl.  Cf.
<u>Endogen</u>.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`o*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Arising or growing from without; exogenous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*og"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or having the character of, an
exogen; -- the opposite of <i>endogenous</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Growing by addition to the
exterior.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Growing from previously
ossified parts; -- opposed to <i>autogenous</i>.</def>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Exogenous aneurism</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an
aneurism which is produced by causes acting from without, as from
injury.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`o*gy"ra</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
out, outside + &?; circle.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of
Cretaceous fossil shells allied to oysters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"o*lete</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>exoletus</i>,
p. p. of <i>exolescere</i> to grow out, grow out of use; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>olescere</i> to grow.] <def>Obsolete; out of use; state;
insipid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex`o*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exolutio</i> a release. See <u>Exolve</u>.] <def>See
<u>Exsolution</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*olve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exolvere</i>, <i>exsolutum</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>solvere</i>.]
<def>To loose; to pay.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from E. <i>Exe</i>
(Celt. <i>uisge</i> water) the name of a river.] <def>A native or
inhabitant of Exeter, in England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"on</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>expect</i> an under
officer.] <def>An officer of the Yeomen of the Guard; an
Exempt.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*on"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exonerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Exonerating</u> (?).] [L. <i>exoneratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>exonerare</i> to free from a burden; <i>ex</i> out, from
<i>onerare</i> to load, <i>onus</i> load. See <u>Onerous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unload; to disburden; to discharge.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>exonerate</i> themselves into one common
duct.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To relieve, in a moral sense, as of a
charge, obligation, or load of blame resting on one; to clear of
something that lies upon oppresses one, as an accusation or
imputation; as, to <i>exonerate</i> one's self from blame, or from
the charge of avarice.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To discharge from duty or obligation, as a
bail.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To absolve; acquit; exculpate. See
<u>Absolve</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*on`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exoneratio</i>: cf. F. <i>Exon&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>The act of
disburdening, discharging, or freeing morally from a charge or
imputation; also, the state of being disburdened or freed from a
charge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*on"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Freeing
from a burden or obligation; tending to exonerate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*on"er*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an
unloader.] <def>One who exonerates or frees from
obligation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`oph*thal"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Nl.,fr. Gr.
&?; with prominent eyes; &?; out + &?; the eye.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The protrusion of the eyeball so that the eyelids will not cover
it, in consequence of disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`oph*thal"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to, or characterized by, exophthalmia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Exophthalmic golter</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Rasedow's
disease</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`oph*thal"mos</hw> (?), <hw>||Ex`oph*thal"mus</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Exophthalmia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`oph*thal"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Exophthalmia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*oph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Exo-</i> +
Gr. &?; .] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Not sheathed in another leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"o*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Exo-</i> + Gr.
&?; from, fr. &?; to mold.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See <u>Ectosarc</u>,
and <u>Ectoplasm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*op"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Exo-</i> + Gr.
&?; , foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>The external branch of the
appendages of Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*op"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exoptabilis</i>.] <def>Very desirable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*op"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.Gr. &?;
without + &?; feather, plumage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given by
Lestiboudois to dicotyledons; -- so called because the plumule is
naked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"o*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exorabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>exorable</i>. See <u>Exorate</u>.]
<def>Capable of being moved by entreaty; pitiful; tender.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exoratus</i>, p. p. of <i>exorare</i> to gain by entreaty;
<i>ex</i> out, from + <i>orare</i> to pay.] <def>To persuade, or to
gain, by entreaty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`o*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exoratio</i>.] <def>Entreaty.</def> [R.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex*or"bi*tance</hw> (?), <hw>Ex*or"bi*tan*cy</hw> (?), },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A going out of or beyond the usual or due
limit; hence, enormity; extravagance; gross deviation from rule,
right, or propriety; as, the <i>exorbitances</i> of the tongue or of
deportment; <i>exorbitance</i> of demands.</def> "A curb to your
<i>exorbitancies</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lamentable <i>exorbitances</i> of their
superstitions.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*or"bi*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exorbitans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>exorbitare</i> to go
out of the track; <i>ex</i> out + <i>orbita</i> track: cf. F.
<i>exorbitant</i>. See <u>Orbit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Departing from an orbit or usual track; hence, deviating from
the usual or due course; going beyond the appointed rules or
established limits of right or propriety; excessive; extravagant;
enormous; inordinate; as, <i>exorbitant</i> appetites and passions;
<i>exorbitant</i> charges, demands, or claims.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foul <i>exorbitant</i> desires.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not comprehended in a settled rule or
method; anomalous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Jews . . . [were] inured with causes
<i>exorbitant</i>, and such as their laws had not provided
for.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*or"bi*tant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
exorbitant, excessive, or irregular manner; enormously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*or"bi*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exorbitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exorbitare</i>. See
<u>Exorbitant</u>.] <def>To go out of the track; to deviate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><! p. 526 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex"or*cise</hw> (&ebreve;ks"&obreve;r*s&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exorcised</u> (-
s&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Exorcising</u> (-
s&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] [L. <i>exorcizare</i>, Gr.
<grk>'exorki`zein</grk>; <grk>'ex</grk> out + <grk>"orki`zein</grk>
to make one swear, bind by an oath, fr. <grk>"o`rkos</grk> oath: cf.
F. <i>exorciser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cast out, as a
devil, evil spirits, etc., by conjuration or summoning by a holy
name, or by certain ceremonies; to expel (a demon) or to conjure (a
demon) to depart out of a person possessed by one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He impudently <i>excorciseth</i> devils in the
church.</blockquote> <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deliver or purify from the influence of
an evil spirit or demon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Exorcise</i> the beds and cross the
walls.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Spectator . . . do all you can to <i>exorcise</i>
crowds who are . . . processed as I am.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"or*ci`ser</hw> (-s&imacr;`z&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An exorcist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"or*cism</hw> (-s&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exorcismus</i>, Gr. <grk>'exorkizmo`s</grk>; cf. F.
<i>exorcisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of exorcising; the
driving out of evil spirits from persons or places by conjuration;
also, the form of conjuration used.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conjuration for raising spirits.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"or*cist</hw> (-s&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exorcista</i>, Gr. <grk>'exorkisth`s</grk>: cf. F.
<i>exorciste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who expels evil
spirits by conjuration or exorcism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Certain of the vagabond Jews,
<i>exorcists</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xix. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A conjurer who can raise spirits.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou, like an <i>exorcist</i>, hast conjured up<BR>
My mortified spirit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*or"di*al</hw> (&ebreve;gz*&ocirc;r"d&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the exordium of a discourse:
introductory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>exordial</i> paragraph of the second
epistle.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*or"di*um</hw> (-&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Exordiums</b></plw> (-&ubreve;mz), L.
<plw><b>Exordia</b></plw> (-&adot;). [L. fr. <i>exordiri</i> to begin
a web, lay a warp, begin; <i>ex</i> out + <i>ordiri</i> to begin a
web, begin; akin to E. <i>order</i>. See <u>Order</u>.] <def>A
beginning; an introduction; especially, the introductory part of a
discourse or written composition, which prepares the audience for the
main subject; the opening part of an oration.</def> "The
<i>exordium</i> of repentance." <i>Jer. Taylor.</i> "Long prefaces
and <i>exordiums</i>. " <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`o*rhi"za</hw> (&ebreve;ks`&osl;*r&imacr;"z&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Exorhiz&aelig;</b></plw> (-
z&emacr;). [NL. fr. Gr. <grk>'e`xw</grk> outside + <grk>'ri`za</grk>
root.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant Whose radicle is not inclosed or
sheathed by the cotyledons or plumule.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex`o*rhi"zal</hw> (?), <hw>Ex`o*rhi`zous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a radicle which is not
inclosed by the cotyledons or plumule; of or relating to an
exorhiza.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`or*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exornatio</i>, fr. <i>exornare</i>. See <u>Ornate</u>.]
<def>Ornament; decoration; embellishment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hyperbolical <i>exornations</i> . . . many much
affect.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*or`tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exortivus</i>, fr. <i>exortus</i> a coming forth, rising;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>orivi</i> to rise, come forth.] <def>Rising;
relating to the east.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*os"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exosculatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exosculari</i> to kiss. See
<u>Osculate</u>.] <def>To kiss; especially, to kiss repeatedly or
fondly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex`o*skel"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the exoskeleton; as <i>exoskeletal</i>
muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`o*skel"e*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Exo-</i> +
<i>skeleton</i>] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The hardened parts of the
external integument of an animal, including hair, feathers, nails,
horns, scales, etc.,as well as the armor of armadillos and many
reptiles, and the shells or hardened integument of numerous
invertebrates; external skeleton; dermoskeleton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"os*mose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Exo</i>+<i>osmose</i>: cf. F. <i>ezosmose</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>The passage of gases, vapors, or liquids through membranes or
porous media from within outward, in the phenomena of osmose; --
opposed to <i>endosmose</i>. See <u>Osmose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`os*mo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Exo-
</u>, and <u>Osmose</u>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>See
<u>Exosmose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`os*mot`ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
exosmose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`o*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Exo</i> +
<i>spore</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The extreme outer wall of a spore;
the epispore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*os"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exossatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exossare</i> to bone , fr. <i>exos</i>
without bones; <i>ex</i> out + <i>os</i>, <i>ossis</i>, bone.]
<def>To deprive of bones; to take out the bones of; to bone.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`os*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A depriving
of bone or of fruit stones.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*os"se*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ex</i> +
<i>osseous</i>.] <def>Boneless.</def> "<i>Exosseous</i> animals. "
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"o*stome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Exo-</i> + Gr.
&?; mouth: cf. F. <i>exostome</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The small
aperture or foremen in the outer coat of the ovule of a
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`os*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; out + &?; bone: cf. F. <i>exostose</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any protuberance of a bone which is not natural;
an excrescence or morbid enlargement of a bone.</def>
<i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A knot formed upon or in the
wood of trees by disease.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex`o*ter"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ex`o*ter"ic*al</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>exotericus</i>, Gr. &?; fr. &?; out: cf.
F. <i>exot&eacute;rique</i>. See <u>Ex</u>-] <def>External; public;
suitable to be imparted to the public; hence, capable of being
readily or fully comprehended; -- opposed to <i>esoteric</i>, or
secret.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The foppery of an <i>exoteric</i> and esoteric
doctrine.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`o*ter`ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The public lectures or published writings of
Aristotle. See <u>Esoterics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"o*ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Exoteries</b></plw> (-&?;). <def>That which is obvious,
public, or common.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dealing out <i>exoteries</i> only to the
vulgar.</blockquote> <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`o*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Nl., fr. Gr.
<grk>'e`xw</grk> outside + &?; a case, box.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The tissue which fills the interspaces between the cost&aelig;
of many madreporarian corals, usually consisting of small transverse
or oblique septa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`o*the"ci*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Exotheca</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The outer coat of the
anther.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>exoticus</i>,
Gr. &?; fr. <grk>'e`xw</grk> outside: cf. F. <i>exotique</i>. See
<u>Exoteric</u>.] <def>Introduced from a foreign country; not native;
extraneous; foreign; as, an <i>exotic</i> plant; an <i>exotic</i>
term or word.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing was so splendid and <i>exotic</i> as the
ambassador.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything of
foreign origin; something not of native growth, as a plant, a word, a
custom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plants that are unknown to Italy, and such as the
gardeners call <i>exotics</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ot"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foreign; not
native; exotic.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Ex*ot"ic*al*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ot"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being exotic; also, anything foreign, as a word or idiom; an
exotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pand"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Expanded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Expanding</u>.] [L. <i>expandere</i>, <i>expansum</i>; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>pandere</i> to spread out, to throw open; perh. akin to E.
<i>patent</i>.  Cf. <u>Spawn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay
open by extending; to open wide; to spread out; to diffuse; as, a
flower <i>expands</i> its leaves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then with <i>expanded</i> wings he steers his
flight.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause the particles or parts of to
spread themselves or stand apart, thus increasing bulk without
addition of substance; to make to occupy more space; to dilate; to
distend; to extend every way; to enlarge; -- opposed to
<i>contract</i>; as, to <i>expand</i> the chest; heat <i>expands</i>
all bodies; to <i>expand</i> the sphere of benevolence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To state in enlarged form;
to develop; as, to <i>expand</i> an equation. See <u>Expansion</u>,
5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pand"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become widely
opened, spread apart, dilated, distended, or enlarged; as, flowers
<i>expand</i> in the spring; metals <i>expand</i> by heat; the heart
<i>expands</i> with joy.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pand"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything which
causes expansion esp. <i>(Mech.)</i> a tool for stretching open or
expanding a tube, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pand"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That expands, or
may be expanded; extending; spreading; enlarging.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Expanding bit</b></col>, <col><b>Expanding drill</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a bit or drill made adjustable for holes of
various sizes; one which can be expanded in diameter while
boring.</cd> -- <col><b>Expanding pulley</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>a pulley so made, as in sections, that its diameter can be
increased or diminished.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*panse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>expansus</i>, p. p. of <i>expandere</i>. See <u>Expand</u>.]
<def>That which is expanded or spread out; a wide extent of space or
body; especially, the arch of the sky.</def> "The green
<i>expanse</i>."  <i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lights . . . high in the <i>expanse</i> of
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The smooth <i>expanse</i> of crystal
lakes.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*panse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To expand.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That lies <i>expansed</i> unto the eyes of
all.</blockquote> <i>Sir. T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pan`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
capacity of being expanded; as, the <i>expansibility</i> of
air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pan"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>expansible</i>.] <def>Capable of being expanded or spread out
widely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bodies are not <i>expansible</i> in proportion to
their weight.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex*pan"si*ble*ness</wf> ,<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -
<wf>Ex*pan"si*bly</wf> ,<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pan"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Expansible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ether and alcohol are more <i>expansile</i> than
water.</blockquote> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pan"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expansio</i>: cf. F. <i>expansion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of expanding or spreading out; the condition of being
expanded; dilation; enlargement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is expanded; expanse; extend
surface; as, the <i>expansion</i> of a sheet or of a lake; the
<i>expansion</i> was formed of metal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The starred <i>expansion</i> of the
skies.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Space through which anything is expanded;
also, pure space.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lost in <i>expansion</i>, void and
infinite.</blockquote> <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Enlargement or extension of
business transactions; esp., increase of the circulation of bank
notes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The developed result of an
indicated operation; as, the <i>expansion</i> of <i>(a +
b)<sup>2</sup></i> is <i>a<sup>2</sup> + 2ab +
b<sup>2</sup></i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>The operation of
steam in a cylinder after its communication with the boiler has been
cut off, by which it continues to exert pressure upon the moving
piston.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Nav. Arch.)</i> <def>The enlargement of the
ship mathematically from a model or drawing to the full or building
size, in the process of construction.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Expansion</i> is also used adjectively, as in
<i>expansion</i> joint, <i>expansion</i> gear, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Expansion curve</b></col>, <cd>a curve the
co&ouml;rdinates of which show the relation between the pressure and
volume of expanding gas or vapor; esp. <i>(Steam engine)</i>, that
part of an indicator diagram which shows the declining pressure of
the steam as it expands in the cylinder.</cd> -- <col><b>Expansion
gear</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>. <cd>a cut-off gear. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Link motion</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Automatic
expansion gear</b></col> or <col><b>cut-off</b></col>, <cd>one that
is regulated by the governor, and varies the supply of steam to the
engine with the demand for power.</cd> -- <col><b>Fixed expansion
gear</b></col>, or <col><b>Fixed cut-off</b></col>, <cd>one that
always operates at the same fixed point of the stroke.</cd> --
<col><b>Expansion joint</b></col>, or <col><b>Expansion
coupling</b></col> <i>(Mech. &amp; Engin.)</i>, <cd>a yielding joint or
coupling for so uniting parts of a machine or structure that
expansion, as by heat, is prevented from causing injurious
strains;</cd> as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A slide or set of rollers,
at the end of bridge truss, to support it but allow end play.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A telescopic joint in a steam pipe, to permit
one part of the pipe to slide within the other.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A clamp for holding a locomotive frame to the
boiler while allowing lengthwise motion.</cd> -- <col><b>Expansion
valve</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a cut-off valve, to shut
off steam from the cylinder before the end of each stroke.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pan"sive</hw> (&ebreve;ks*p&abreve;n"s&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>expansif</i>.] <def>Having a capacity
or tendency to expand or dilate; diffusive; of much expanse; wide-
extending; as, the <i>expansive</i> force of heat; the
<i>expansive</i> quality of air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A more <i>expansive</i> and generous
compassion.</blockquote> <i>Eustace.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His forehead was broad and
<i>expansive</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex*pan"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
<wf>Ex*pan"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pan"sure</hw> (?shur; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Expanse.</def> [Obs.] "Night's rich <i>expansure</i>."</p>

<p><hw>||Ex` par"te</hw> (?). [L. See <u>Ex-</u>, and <u>Part</u>.]
<def>Upon or from one side only; one-sided; partial; as, an <i>ex
parte</i> statement.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ex parte application</b></col>, <cd>one made without
notice or opportunity to oppose.</cd> -- <col><b>Ex parte
council</b></col>, <cd>one that assembles at the request of only one
of the parties in dispute.</cd> -- <col><b>Ex parte</b></col>
<col><b>hearing or evidence</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that which is
had or taken by one side or party in the absence of the other.
Hearings before grand juries, and affidavits, are <i>ex
parte</i>.</cd>  <i>Wharton's Law Dict.</i>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pa"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Expatiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Expariating</u> (?).] [L. <i>expatiatus</i>,
<i>exspatiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>expatiari</i>, <i>exspatiari</i>, to
expatiate; <i>ex</i> out + <i>spatiari</i> to walk about spread out,
fr. <i>spatium</i> space. See <u>Space</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To range at large, or without restraint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bids his free soul <i>expatiate</i> in the
skies.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enlarge in discourse or writing; to be
copious in argument or discussion; to descant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>expatiated</i> on the inconveniences of
trade.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pa"ti*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To expand; to
spread; to extend; to diffuse; to broaden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Afford art an ample field in which to <i>expatiate</i>
itself.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pa`ti*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
expatiating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pa"ti*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Expansive; diffusive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*pa"tri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Expatriated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Expatriating</u> (?).] [LL. <i>expatriatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>expatriare</i>; L. <i>ex</i> out + <i>patria</i> fatherland,
native land, fr. <i>pater</i> father. See <u>Patriot</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To banish; to drive or force (a person) from
his own country; to make an exile of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>expatriated</i> landed interest of
France.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reflexively, as <i>To expatriate one's
self</i>: To withdraw from one's native country; to renounce the
rights and liabilities of citizenship where one is born, and become a
citizen of another country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pa`tri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>expatriation</i>.] <def>The act of banishing, or the state of
banishment; especially, the forsaking of one's own country with a
renunciation of allegiance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Expatriation</i> was a heavy ransom to pay for the
rights of their minds and souls.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Expected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Expecting</u>.] [L. <i>expectatum</i>, to look out for, await,
expect; <i>ex</i> + out <i>spectare</i> to look at. See
<u>Spectacle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wait for; to
await.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let's in, and there <i>expect</i> their
coming.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To look for (mentally); to look forward
to, as to something that is believed to be about to happen or come;
to have a previous apprehension of, whether of good or evil; to look
for with some confidence; to anticipate; -- often followed by an
infinitive, sometimes by a clause (with, or without, <i>that</i>);
as, I <i>expect</i> to receive wages; I <i>expect</i> that the troops
will be defeated.</def> "Good: I will <i>expect</i> you."
<i>Shak.</i> "<i>Expecting</i> thy reply." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Somersetshire or yellow regiment . . . was
<i>expected</i> to arrive on the following day.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To anticipate; look for; await; hope. -- To
<u>Expect</u>, <u>Think</u>, <u>Believe</u>, <u>Await</u>.
<i>Expect</i> is a mental act and has aways a reference to the
future, to some coming event; as a person <i>expects</i> to die, or
he <i>expects</i> to survive. <i>Think</i> and <i>believe</i> have
reference to the past and present, as well as to the future; as I
<i>think</i> the mail has arrived; I <i>believe</i> he came home
yesterday, that he is he is at home now. There is a not uncommon use
of <i>expect</i>, which is a confusion of the two; as, I
<i>expect</i> the mail has arrived; I <i>expect</i> he is at home.
This misuse should be avoided. <i>Await</i> is a physical or moral
act. We <i>await</i> that which, when it comes, will affect us
personally. We <i>expect</i> what may, or may not, interest us
personally. See <u>Anticipate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*pect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wait; to
stay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pect"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Expectation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pect"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expectabilis</i>.] <def>That may be expected or looked for.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex*pect"ance</hw> (?), <hw>Ex*pect"an*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of expecting ;
expectation.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is expected, or looked or
waited for with interest; the object of expectation or
hope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>expectancy</i> and rose of the fair
state.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Estate in expectancy</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one the
possession of which a person is entitled to have at some future time,
either as a remainder or reversion, or on the death of some one.</cd>
<i>Burrill.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Ex*pect"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expectans</i>, <i>exspectans</i>, p. pr. of <i>expectare</i>,
<i>exspectare</i>: cf. F. <i>expectant</i>.] <def>Waiting in
expectation; looking for</def>; <i>(Med.)</i> <def>waiting for the
efforts of nature, with little active treatment.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Expectant estate</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an estate in
expectancy. See under <u>Expectancy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pect"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who waits in
expectation; one held in dependence by hope of receiving some
good.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>expectant</i> of future glory.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who had employments, or were
<i>expectants</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pec*ta"tion</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expectio</i>. <i>exspectio</i>: cf. F. <i>expectation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of expecting or looking
forward to an event as about to happen.</def> "In <i>expectation</i>
of a guest."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul, wait thou only upon God, for my
<i>expectation</i> is from him.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is expected or looked
for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why our great <i>expectation</i> should be called<BR>
The seed of woman.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The prospect of the future; grounds upon
which something excellent is expected to happen; prospect of anything
good to come, esp. of property or rank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His magnificent <i>expectations</i> made him, in the
opinion of the world, the best match in Europe.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By all men's eyes a youth of
<i>expectation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The value of any chance (as the prospect
of prize or property) which depends upon some contingent event.
<i>Expectations</i> are computed for or against the occurrence of the
event.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The leaving of the disease
principally to the efforts of nature to effect a cure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Expectation of life</b></col>, <cd>the mean or average
duration of the life individuals after any specified age.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Anticipation; confidence; trust.</p>

<p><! p. 527 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pect"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>expectatif</i>.] <def>Constituting an object of expectation;
contingent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Expectative grace</b></col>, <cd>a mandate given by the
pope or a prince appointing a successor to any benefice before it
becomes vacant.</cd>  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pect"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>expectative</i>, fr. <i>expectatif</i> expectant.] <def>Something
in expectation; esp., an expectative grace.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pect"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In conformity
with expectation.</def> [R.]  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pect"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
expects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pect"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a state of
expectation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Expectative.</def> [R.]  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pec"to*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expectorans</i>, p. pr. of <i>expectorare</i> to drive from the
breast: cf. F. <i>expectorant</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Tending to
facilitate expectoration or to promote discharges of mucus, etc.,
from the lungs or throat.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
expectorant medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pec"to*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Expectorated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Expectorating</u> (?).] [L. <i>expecrorare</i> to
drive from the breast; <i>ex</i> out + <i>pectus</i>,
<i>pectiris</i>, breast. See <u>Pectoral</u>.] <def>To eject from the
trachea or lungs; to discharge, as phlegm or other matter, by
coughing, hawking, and spitting; to spit forth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pec"to*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To discharge
matter from the lungs or throat by hawking and spitting; to
spit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pec`to*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>expectoration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of ejecting
phlegm or mucus from the throat or lungs, by coughing, hawking, and
spitting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is expectorated, as phlegm or
mucus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pec"to*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Expectorant</u>.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pede"</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To expedite; to
hasten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exp&eacute;dier</i>. See <u>Expedite</u>.] <def>To hasten; to
expedite.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>expediate</i> their business."  <i>Sir
E. Sandys.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex*pe"di*ence</hw> (?), <hw>Ex*pe"di*en*cy</hw> (?), },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being
expedient or advantageous; fitness or suitableness to effect a
purpose intended; adaptedness to self-interest; desirableness;
advantage; advisability; -- sometimes contradistinguished from
<i>moral rectitude</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Divine wisdom discovers no <i>expediency</i> in
vice.</blockquote> <i>Cogan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To determine concerning the <i>expedience</i> of
action.</blockquote> <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Much declamation may be heard in the present day
against <i>expediency</i>, as if it were not the proper object of a
deliberative assembly, and as if it were only pursued by the
unprincipled.</blockquote> <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expedition; haste; dispatch.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Making hither with all due
<i>expedience</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An expedition; enterprise;
adventure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Forwarding this dear <i>expedience</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe"di*ent</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expediens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>expedire</i> to be
expedient, release, extricate: cf. F. <i>exp&eacute;dient</i>. See
<u>Expedite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hastening or forward;
hence, tending to further or promote a proposed object; fit or proper
under the circumstances; conducive to self-interest; desirable;
advisable; advantageous; -- sometimes contradistinguished from
<i>right</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>expedient</i> for you that I go
away.</blockquote> <i>John xvi. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing but the right can ever be <i>expedient</i>,
since that can never be true expediency which would sacrifice a
greater good to a less.</blockquote> <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Quick; expeditious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His marches are <i>expedient</i> to this
town.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe"di*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which serves to promote or advance; suitable means to
accomplish an end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What sure <i>expedient</i> than shall Juno find,<BR>
To calm her fears and ease her boding mind?</blockquote>
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Means devised in an exigency;
shift.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Shift; contrivance; resource; substitute.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe`di*en"tial</hw> (?). <def>Governed by expediency;
seeking advantage; as an <i>expediential</i> policy.</def>
"Calculating, <i>expediential</i> understanding." <i>Hare.</i> --
<wf>Ex*pe`di*en"tial*ly</wf> , <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<pos><i>&?;.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe"di*ent*ly</hw> (?) <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an expedient manner; fitly; suitably;
conveniently.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With expedition; quickly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ped"i*ment</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
expedient.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A like <i>expediment</i> to remove
discontent.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ped"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>expeditatus</i>, p. p. of <i>expeditare</i> to expeditate;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot.] <i>(Eng. Forest
Laws)</i> <def>To deprive of the claws or the balls of the fore feet;
as, to <i>expeditate</i> a dog that he may not chase deer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pe*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expeditus</i>, p. p. of <i>expedire</i> to free one caught by the
foot, to extricate, set free, bring forward, make ready; <i>ex</i>
out + pes, prdis, t. See <u>Foot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free
of impediment; unimpeded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make the way plain and
<i>expedite</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expeditious; quick; speedily;
prompt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nimble and <i>expedite</i> . . . in its
operation.</blockquote> <i>Tollotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Speech is a very short and <i>expedite</i> way of
conveying their thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pe*dite</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Expedited</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Expediting</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To relieve of
impediments; to facilitate; to accelerate the process or progress of;
to hasten; to quicken; as, to <i>expedite</i> the growth of
plants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>expedite</i> your glorious march.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To despatch; to send forth; to issue
officially.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such charters be <i>expedited</i> of
course.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pe*dite`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
expedite manner; expeditiously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pe*dite`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being expedite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pe*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expeditio</i>: cf.F. <i>exp&eacute;dition</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being expedite; efficient promptness; haste;
dispatch; speed; quickness; as to carry the mail with
<i>expedition</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With winged <i>expedition</i></blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Swift as the lightning glance</i>.
<i>&?;</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sending forth or setting forth the
execution of some object of consequence; progress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Putting it straight in <i>expedition</i>.
<i>&?;</i></blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An important enterprise, implying a change
of place; especially, a warlike enterprise; a march or a voyage with
martial intentions; an excursion by a body of persons for a valuable
end; as, a military, naval, exploring, or scientific
<i>expedition</i>; also, the body of persons making such
excursion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>expedition</i> miserably failed.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Narrative of the exploring <i>expedition</i> to the
Rocky Mountains.</blockquote>  <i>J. C. Fremont.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pe*di"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an expedition; as, an <i>expeditionary</i>
force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pe*di"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who goes
upon an expedition. [R].</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pe*di"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Possessed
of, or characterized by, expedition, or efficiency and rapidity in
action; performed with, or acting with, expedition; quick; having
celerity; speedily; as, an <i>expeditious march or
messenger</i>.</def> -- <wf>Ex`pe*di"tious*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ex`pe*di"tious*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prompt; ready; speedy; alert. See
<u>Prompt</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ped"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exp&eacute;ditif</i>.] <def>Performing with speed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Expelled</u> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>.
<u>Expelling</u>.] [L. <i>expellere</i>, <i>expulsum</i>; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>pellere</i> to drive: cf.F. <i>expeller</i>. See
<u>Pulse</u> a beat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive or force out
from that within which anything is contained, inclosed, or situated;
to eject; as, to <i>expel</i> air from a bellows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did not ye . . . <i>expel</i> me out of my father's
house?</blockquote>
<i>Judg. xi. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive away from one's country; to
banish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forewasted all their land, and them
<i>expelled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>He shall <i>expel</i> them from before you . . . and
ye shall possess their land.</blockquote> <i>Josh. xxiii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut off from further connection with an
institution of learning, a society, and the like; as, to <i>expel</i>
a student or member.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To keep out, off, or away; to
exclude.</def> "To <i>expel</i> the winter's flaw."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To discharge; to shoot.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then he another and another [shaft] did
<i>expel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To banish; exile; eject; drive out. See
<u>Banish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*pel"la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being expelled or driven out.</def> "<i>Expellable</i> by heat."
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pel"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, expels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Expended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Expending</u>.] [L. <i>expendere</i>, <i>expensum</i>, to weigh
out, pay out, lay out, lay out; <i>ex</i> out + <i>pendere</i> to
weigh. See <u>Poise</u>, and cf. <u>Spend</u>.] <def>To lay out,
apply, or employ in any way; to consume by use; to use up or
distribute, either in payment or in donations; to spend; as, they
<i>expend</i> money for food or in charity; to <i>expend</i> time
labor, and thought; to <i>expend</i> hay in feeding cattle, oil in a
lamp, water in mechanical operations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If my death might make this island happy . . . <BR>
I would <i>expend</i> it with all willingness.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pend"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be laid out, used, or consumed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pay out or disburse money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They go elsewhere to enjoy and to
<i>expend</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*pend"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>A disburser; especially, one of the disbursers of taxes
for the repair of sewers.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pend"iture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of expending; a laying out, as of
money; disbursement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>expenditure</i> purchased commerce and
conquest.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is expended or paid out;
expense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The receipts and <i>expenditures</i> of this extensive
country.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>expensa</i>
(sc. <i>pecunia</i>), or <i>expensum</i>, fr. <i>expensus</i>, p. p.
of <i>expendere</i>. See <u>Expend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
spending or consuming; disbursement; expenditure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Husband nature's riches from
<i>expense</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is expended, laid out, or
consumed; cost; outlay; charge; -- sometimes with the notion of
<i>loss</i> or <i>damage</i> to those on whom the expense falls; as,
the <i>expenses</i> of war; an <i>expense</i> of time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Courting popularity at his party's
<i>expense</i>.</blockquote> <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Loss.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And moan the <i>expense</i> of many a vanished
sight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Expense magazine</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a small
magazine containing ammunition for immediate use.</cd>  <i>H. L.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pense"full</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
expense; costly; chargeable.</def> [R.] <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i> --
<wf>Ex*pense"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.] --
<wf>Ex*pense"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*pense"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without cost or
expense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Occasioning expense; calling for liberal outlay; costly; dear;
liberal; as, <i>expensive</i> dress; an <i>expensive</i> house or
family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>War is <i>expensive</i>, and peace
desirable.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free in expending; very liberal;
especially, in a bad sense: extravagant; lavish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An active, <i>expensive</i>, indefatigable
goodness.</blockquote> <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The idle and <i>expensive</i> are
dangerous.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Costly; dear; high-priced; lavish; extravagant.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex*pen"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ex*pen"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe"ri*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>exp&eacute;rience</i>, L. <i>experientia</i>, tr.
<i>experiens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>experiri</i>,
<i>expertus</i>, to try; <i>ex</i> out + the root of <i>pertus</i>
experienced. See <u>Peril</u>, and cf. <u>Expert</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Trial, as a test or experiment.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She caused him to make <i>experience</i><BR>
Upon wild beasts.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The effect upon the judgment or feelings
produced by any event, whether witnessed or participated in; personal
and direct impressions as contrasted with description or fancies;
personal acquaintance; actual enjoyment or suffering.</def> "Guided
by other's <i>experiences</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided, and
that is the lamp of <i>experience</i>.</blockquote> <i>P.
Henry</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>To most men experience</i> is like the stern lights
of a ship, which illumine only the track it has passed.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the consuls . . . came in . . . they knew soon by
<i>experience</i> how slenderly guarded against danger the majesty of
rulers is where force is wanting.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those that undertook the religion of our Savior upon
his preaching, had no <i>experience</i> of it.</blockquote>
<i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An act of knowledge, one or more, by which
single facts or general truths are ascertained; experimental or
inductive knowledge; hence, implying skill, facility, or practical
wisdom gained by personal knowledge, feeling or action; as, a king
without <i>experience</i> of war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whence hath the mind all the materials of reason and
knowledge? To this I answer in one word, from
<i>experience</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Experience</i> may be acquired in two ways; either,
first by noticing facts without any attempt to influence the
frequency of their occurrence or to vary the circumstances under
which they occur; this is <i>observation</i>; or, secondly, by
putting in action causes or agents over which we have control, and
purposely varying their combinations, and noticing what effects take
place; this is <i>experiment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe"ri*ence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Experienced</u> (-<i>e</i>nst); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Experiencing</u> (-<i>e</i>n-s?ng).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make practical acquaintance with; to try
personally; to prove by use or trial; to have trial of; to have the
lot or fortune of; to have befall one; to be affected by; to feel;
as, to <i>experience</i> pain or pleasure; to <i>experience</i>
poverty; to <i>experience</i> a change of views.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The partial failure and disappointment which he had
<i>experienced</i> in India.</blockquote> <i>Thirwall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exercise; to train by
practice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The youthful sailors thus with early care<BR>
Their arms <i>experience</i>, and for sea prepare.</blockquote>
<i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To experience religion</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>to
become a convert to the doctrines of Christianity; to yield to the
power of religious truth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe"ri*enced</hw> (-<i>e</i>nst), <pos><i>p. p. &
a.</i></pos> <def>Taught by practice or by repeated observations;
skillful or wise by means of trials, use, or observation; as, an
<i>experienced</i> physician, workman, soldier; <i>an experienced</i>
eye.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ablest and most <i>experienced</i>
statesmen.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe"ri*en*cer</hw> (-<i>e</i>n-s?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who experiences.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An experimenter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir. K.
Gigby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe"ri*ent</hw> (-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Experienced.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The prince now ripe and full
<i>experient</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe`ri*en"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Derived
from, or pertaining to, experience.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is called empirical or <i>experiential</i> . . .
because it is divan to us by experience or observation, and not
obtained as the result of inference or reasoning.</blockquote>
<i>Sir. W. Hamiltion.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex*pe`ri*en"tial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>DR. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe`ri*en"tial*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The doctrine that experience, either that
ourselves or of others, is the test or criterion of general
knowledge; -- opposed to <i>intuitionalism</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Experientialism</i> is in short, a philosophical or
logical theory, not a psychological one.</blockquote> <i>G. C.
Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe`ri*en"tial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
accepts the doctrine of experientialism. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*per"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>experimentum</i>, fr. <i>experiri</i> to try: cf. OF.
<i>esperiment</i>, <i>experiment</i>. See <u>Experience</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A trial or special observation, made to
confirm or disprove something doubtful; esp., one under conditions
determined by the experimenter; an act or operation undertaken in
order to discover some unknown principle or effect, or to test,
establish, or illustrate some suggested or known truth; practical
test; proof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A political <i>experiment</i> can not be made in a
laboratory, nor determined in a few hours.</blockquote> <i>J.
Adams.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Experience.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Adam, by sad <i>experiment</i> I know<BR>
How little weight my words with thee can find.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*per"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Experimented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Experinenting</u>.] <def>To make experiment; to
operate by test or trial; -- often with <i>on</i>, <i>upon</i>, or
<i>in</i>, referring to the subject of an experiment; <i>with</i>,
referring to the <i>instrument</i>; and <i>by</i>, referring to the
means; as, to <i>experiment</i> upon electricity; he
<i>experimented</i> in plowing with ponies, or by steam
power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*per"i*ment</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To try; to
know, perceive, or prove, by trial or experience.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*per`i*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>exp&eacute;rimental</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to
experiment; founded on, or derived from, experiment or trial; as,
<i>experimental</i> science; given to, or skilled in, experiment; as,
an <i>experimental</i> philosopher.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Known by, or derived from, experience; as,
<i>experimental</i> religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*per`i*men"tal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes experiments; an experimenter.</def>  <i>Whaterly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*per`i*men"tal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
make experiments (upon); to experiment.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*per`i*men"tal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
experiment; by experience or trial.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*per`i*men*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relying on experiment or experience.</def> "an
<i>experimentarian</i> philosopher." <i>Boyle.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who relies on experiment or
experience.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*per`i*men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of experimenting; practice by experiment.</def>  <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><! p. 528 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex*per`i*men"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Experimental; of the nature of experiment.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*per"i*men*ta`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.]
<def>An experimenter.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*per"i*men`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes experiments; one skilled in experiments.</def>  <i>
Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*per"i*men`tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
experimenter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`per*rec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expergisci</i>, p. p. <i>experrectus</i>, to rouse up; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>pergere</i> to wake up.] <def>A waking up or arousing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>expert</i>, L.
<i>expertus</i>, p. p. of <i>experiri</i> to try. See
<u>Experience</u>.] <def>Taught by use, practice, or experience,
experienced; having facility of operation or performance from
practice; knowing and ready from much practice; clever; skillful; as,
an <i>expert</i> surgeon; <i>expert</i> in chess or
archery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A valiant and most <i>expert</i>
gentleman.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What practice, howsoe'er <i>expert</i><BR>
In fitting aptest words to things . . . <BR>
Hath power to give thee as thou wert?</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Adroit; dexterous; clever; ready; prompt.</p>

<p><hw>Ex"pert</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An expert or experienced person; one instructed by experience;
one who has skill, experience, or extensive knowledge in his calling
or in any special branch of learning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
specialist in a particular profession or department of science
requiring for its mastery peculiar culture and erudition.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Such specialists may be witnesses in matters as to which
ordinary observers could not without such aid form just conclusions,
and are liable for negligence in case they injure another from want
of proper qualifications or proper care in the exercise of their
specialty.</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sworn appraiser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
experience.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Die would we daily, once it to
<i>expert</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pert"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a skillful or
dexterous manner; adroitly; with readiness and accuracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pert"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Skill derived
from practice; readiness; as, <i>expertness</i> in seamanship, or in
reasoning.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Facility; readiness; dexterity; adroitness; skill.
See <u>Facility</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*pet"ible</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.,
<i>expetibilis</i>, fr. <i>expetere</i> to wish for; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>petere</i> to seek.] <def>Worthy of being wished for;
desirable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Puller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pi*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Expiate</u>.] <def>Capable of being expiated or atoned for; as, an
<i>expiable</i> offense; <i>expiable</i> guilt.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Expiated</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Expiating</u>(?).] [L. <i>expiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>expiare</i> to
expiate; <i>ex</i> out + <i>piare</i> to seek to appease, to purify
with sacred rites, fr. <i>pius</i> pious. See <u>Pious</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To extinguish the guilt of by sufferance of
penalty or some equivalent; to make complete satisfaction for; to
atone for; to make amends for; to make expiation for; as, to
<i>expiate</i> a crime, a guilt, or sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>expiate</i> his treason, hath naught
left.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Treasurer obliged himself to <i>expiate</i> the
injury.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To purify with sacred rites.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Neither let there be found among you any one that
shall <i>expiate</i> his son or daughter, making them to pass through
the fire.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xviii. 10 (Douay version)</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expiatus</i>,p. p] <def>Terminated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pi*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expiatio</i>: cf.F. <i>expiation</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of making satisfaction or atonement for any crime or fault; the
extinguishing of guilt by suffering or penalty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His liberality seemed to have something in it of self-
abasement and <i>expiation</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The means by which reparation or atonement
for crimes or sins is made; an expiatory sacrifice or offering; an
atonement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those shadowy <i>expiations</i> weak,<BR>
The blood of bulls and goats.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An act by which the threats of prodigies
were averted among the ancient heathen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pi*a*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
expiator.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex"pi*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
makes expiation or atonement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pi*a*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of an
expiatory nature; expiatory.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pi*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expiatorius</i>: cf. F. <i>expiatoire</i>.] <def>Having power, or
intended, to make expiation; atoning; as, an <i>expiatory</i>
sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pi*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expiatio</i>.] <def>The act of expilating or stripping off;
plunder; pillage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This ravenous <i>expilation</i> of the
state.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pi*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
pillages; a plunderer; a pillager.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pir"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may
expire; capable of being brought to an end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pir"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who expires
or is expiring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pi*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expiratio</i>,<i>exspiratio</i>: cf. F. <i>expiration</i>. See
<u>Expire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of expiring</def>;
as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd><i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act or process of
breathing out, or forcing air from the lungs through the nose or
mouth; as, respiration consists of inspiration and <i>expiration</i>;
-- opposed to <i>inspiration</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Emission of volatile matter; exhalation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The true cause of cold is an <i>expiration</i> from
the globe of the earth.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The last emission of breath; death.</def>
"The groan of <i>expiration</i>."  <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A coming to a close; cessation;
extinction; termination; end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before the <i>expiration</i> of thy time.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is expired; matter breathed
forth; that which is produced by breathing out, as a sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The aspirate "he," which is . . . a gentle
<i>expiration</i>.</blockquote> <i>G. Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pir"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or employed in, the expiration
or emission of air from the lungs; as, the <i>expiratory</i>
muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Expired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Expiring</u>.] [L. <i>expirare</i>, <i>exspirare</i>,
<i>expiratum</i>, <i>exspiratum</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>spirare</i>
to breathe: cf. F. <i>expirer</i>. See <u>Spirit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To breathe out; to emit from the lungs; to
throw out from the mouth or nostrils in the process of respiration; -
- opposed to <i>inspire</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anatomy exhibits the lungs in a continual motion of
inspiring and <i>expiring</i> air.</blockquote> <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This chafed the boar; his nostrils flames
<i>expire</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give forth insensibly or gently, as a
fluid or vapor; to emit in minute particles; to exhale; as, the earth
<i>expires</i> a damp vapor; plants <i>expire</i> odors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>expiring</i> of cold out of the inward parts of
the earth in winter.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To emit; to give out.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bring to a close; to terminate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Expire</i> the term<BR>
Of a despised life.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pire"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To emit the breath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To emit the last breath; to breathe out
the life; to die; as, to <i>expire</i> calmly; to <i>expire</i> in
agony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come to an end; to cease; to terminate;
to perish; to become extinct; as, the flame <i>expired</i>; his lease
<i>expires</i> to-day; the month <i>expired</i> on
Saturday.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To burst forth; to fly out with a
blast.</def> [Obs.]  "The ponderous ball <i>expires</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pir"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Breathing out air from the lungs; emitting fluid or volatile
matter; exhaling; breathing the last breath; dying; ending;
terminating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or uttered at, the time of
dying; as, <i>expiring</i> words; <i>expiring</i> groans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pi*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Expiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had to leave at the <i>expiry</i> of the
term.</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Parliament . . . now approaching the <i>expiry</i>
of its legal term.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pis"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expiscatus</i>, p. p. of <i>expiscari</i> to fish out; <i>ex</i>
out+<i>piscari</i> to fish, <i>piscis</i> fish.] <def>To fish out; to
find out by skill or laborious investigation; to search out.</def>
"To <i>expiscate</i> principles." [R.]  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dr. Burton has with much ingenuity endeavored to
<i>expiscate</i> the truth which may be involved in
them.</blockquote> <i>W. L. Alexander.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pis*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
expiscating; a fishing.</def> [R.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pis"ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
fish out; searching out</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plain"</hw> (&ebreve;ks*pl&amacr;n"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Explained</u>(-
pl&amacr;nd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Explaining</u>.]
[L. <i>explandare</i> to flatten, spread out, explain; <i>ex</i> out
+ <i>plandare</i> to make level or plain, <i>planus</i> plain: cf.
OF. <i>esplaner</i>, <i>explaner</i>. See
<u>Plain</u>,<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Esplanade</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To flatten; to spread out; to unfold; to
expand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The horse-chestnut is . . . ready to <i>explain</i>
its leaf.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make plain, manifest, or intelligible;
to clear of obscurity; to expound; to unfold and illustrate the
meaning of; as, to <i>explain</i> a chapter of the Bible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Commentators to <i>explain</i> the difficult passages
to you.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To explain away</b></col>, <cd>to get rid of by
explanation.</cd> "Those <i>explain</i> the meaning quite
<i>away</i>."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To expound; interpret; elucidate; clear up.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*plain"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give an
explanation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>explainabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being explained or made plain
to the understanding; capable of being interpreted.</def>  <i>Sir. T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
explains; an expounder or expositor; a commentator; an
interpreter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pla*nate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>explanatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>explanare</i>. See <u>Explain</u>.] <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Spreading or extending outwardly in a flat
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pla*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>explanatio</i>: cf. OF. <i>esplanation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of explaining, expounding, or interpreting; the act of
clearing from obscurity and making intelligible; as, the
<i>explanation</i> of a passage in Scripture, or of a contract or
treaty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which explains or makes clear; as, a
satisfactory <i>explanation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The meaning attributed to anything by one
who explains it; definition; interpretation; sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Different <i>explanations</i> [of the
Trinity].</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mutual exposition of terms, meaning, or
motives, with a view to adjust a misunderstanding, and reconcile
differences; reconciliation; agreement; as, to come to an
<i>explanation</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Definition; description; explication; exposition;
interpretation; detail. See <u>Definition</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*plan"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Explanatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plan"a*to*ri*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being explanatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plan"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>explanatorius</i>.] <def>Serving to explain; containing
explanation; as <i>explanatory</i> notes.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex*plat"</hw> (?), <hw>Ex*plate"</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-</i> + <i>plat</i> or <i>plait</i>.]
<def>To explain; to unfold.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like Solon's self <i>explatest</i> the knotty
laws.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ple"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>expletio</i>
a satisfying. See <u>Expletive</u>.] <def>Accomplishment;
fulfillment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Killingbeck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"ple*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expletivus</i>, from <i>expletus</i>, p. p. of <i>explere</i> to
fill up; <i>ex</i> out+<i>plere</i> to fill, akin to <i>plenus</i>
full: cf. F. <i>expl&eacute;tif</i>. See <u>Full</u>.] <def>Filling
up; hence, added merely for the purpose of filling up;
superfluous.</def> "<i>Expletive</i> imagery."  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Expletive</i> phrases to plump his
speech.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"ple*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word, letter, or
syllable not necessary to the sense, but inserted to fill a vacancy;
an oath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While <i>explectives</i> their feeble aid to join,<BR>
And ten low words oft creep in one dull line.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"ple*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of an expletive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"ple*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
fill up; expletive; superfluous; as, an <i>expletory</i> word.</def>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pli*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>explicabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>explicable</i>.] <def>Capable of being
explicated; that may be explained or accounted for; admitting
explanation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not <i>explicable</i> upon any
grounds.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pli*ca*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being explicable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>explicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>explicare</i>.] <def>Evolved;
unfolded.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Explicated</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Explicating</u>(?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
unfold; to expand; to lay open.</def> [Obs.] "They <i>explicate</i>
the leaves."  <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unfold the meaning or sense of; to
explain; to clear of difficulties or obscurity; to
interpret.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The last verse of his last satire is not yet
sufficiently <i>explicated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>explicatio</i>: cf. F. <i>explication</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of opening, unfolding, or explaining; explanation;
exposition; interpretation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>explication</i> of our Savior's
parables.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sense given by an expositor.</def>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pli*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>explicatif</i>.] <def>Serving to unfold or explain; tending to lay
open to the understanding; explanatory.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pli*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
unfolds or explains; an expounder; an explainer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pli*ca`to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Explicative.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ex"pli*cit</hw> (?). [LL., an abbreviation of
<i>explicitus</i> (<i>est liber</i>) the book (which anciently was a
roll of parchment) is unfolded (and, of course, "finished"). See
<u>Explicit</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A word formerly used (as
<i>finis</i> is now) at the conclusion of a book to indicate the
end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plic"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>explicitus</i>; p. p. of <i>explicare</i> to unfold: cf. F.
<i>explicite</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Explicate</u>, <u>Exploit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not implied merely, or conveyed by
implication; distinctly stated; plain in language; open to the
understanding; clear; not obscure or ambiguous; express; unequivocal;
as, an <i>explicit</i> declaration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The language of the charter was too <i>explicit</i> to
admit of a doubt.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no disguised meaning or
reservation; unreserved; outspoken; -- applied to persons; as, he was
earnest and <i>explicit</i> in his statement.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Explicit function</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Function</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Express; clear; plain; open; unreserved;
unambiguous.  -- <u>Explicit</u>, <u>Express</u>. <i>Explicit</i>
denotes a setting forth in the plainest language, so that the meaning
can not be misunderstood; as, an <i>explicit</i> promise.
<i>Express</i> is stronger than <i>explicit</i>: it adds force to
clearness. An <i>express</i> promise or engagement is not only
unambiguous, but stands out in bold relief, with the most binding
hold on the conscience. An <i>explicit</i> statement; a clear and
<i>explicit</i> notion; <i>explicit</i> direction; no words can be
more <i>explicit</i>. An <i>explicit</i> command; an <i>express</i>
prohibition. "An <i>express</i> declaration goes forcibly and
directly to the point. An <i>explicit</i> declaration leaves nothing
ambiguous."  <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plic"it*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
explicit manner; clearly; plainly; without disguise or reservation of
meaning; not by inference or implication; as, he <i>explicitly</i>
avows his intention.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plic"it*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being explicit; clearness; directness.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plode"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exploded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exploding</u>.] [L. <i>explodere</i>, <i>explosum</i>, to drive
out, drive out a player by clapping; <i>ex</i> out+<i>plaudere</i>,
<i>plodere</i>, to clap, strike, applaud: cf. OF. <i>exploder</i>.
See <u>Plausible</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become suddenly
expanded into a great volume of gas or vapor; to burst violently into
flame; as, gunpowder <i>explodes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To burst with force and a loud report; to
detonate, as a shell filled with powder or the like material, or as a
boiler from too great pressure of steam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To burst forth with sudden violence and
noise; as, at this, his wrath <i>exploded</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plode"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To drive from the stage by noisy expressions of disapprobation;
to hoot off; to drive away or reject noisily; as, to <i>explode</i> a
play.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Him old and young<BR>
<i>Exploded</i>, and seized with violent hands.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring into disrepute, and reject; to
drive from notice and acceptance; as, to <i>explode</i> a scheme,
fashion, or doctrine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old <i>exploded</i> contrivances of mercantile
fraud.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>explode</i> and exterminate dark
atheism.</blockquote> <i>Bently.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to explode or burst noisily; to
detonate; as, to <i>explode</i> powder by touching it with
fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To drive out with violence and noise, as
by powder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But late the kindled powder did <i>explode</i><BR>
The massy ball and the brass tube unload.</blockquote>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plod"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument or agent causing explosion; an exploder; also, an
explosive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Explosive</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plod"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who or that which explodes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who rejects an opinion or scheme with
open contempt.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ploit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>esploit</i>
success, OF. <i>esploit</i>, <i>espleit</i>,revenue, product, vigor,
force, exploit, F. <i>exploit</i> exploit, fr. L. <i>explicitum</i>,
prop. p. p. neut. of <i>explicare</i> to unfold, display, exhibit;
<i>ex</i> + <i>plicare</i> to fold. See <u>Ply</u>, and cf.
<u>Explicit</u>, <u>Explicate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A deed or
act; especially, a heroic act; a deed of renown; an adventurous or
noble achievement; as, the <i>exploits</i> of Alexander the
Great.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ripe for <i>exploits</i> and mighty
enterprises.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Combat; war.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He made haste to <i>exploit</i> some warlike
service.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>exploiter</i>.] <def>To utilize; to make
available; to get the value or usefulness out of; as, to
<i>exploit</i> a mine or agricultural lands; to <i>exploit</i> public
opinion.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><! p. 529 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To draw an illegitimate profit
from; to speculate on; to put upon.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><blockquote>In no sense whatever does a man who accumulates a
fortune by legitimate industry <i>exploit</i> his employ&eacute;s or
make his capital "out of" anybody else.</blockquote> <i>W. G.
Sumner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ploi*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The
act of exploiting or utilizing.</def>  <i>J. D. Whitney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ploi"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of exploiting or accomplishing;
achievement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exploitation.</def>  <i>Harper's
Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plor"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
explored; as, an <i>explorable</i> region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plo"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>explorare</i>, <i>exploratum</i>.] <def>To explore.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir. T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`plo*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exploratio</i>: cf. F. <i>exploration</i>.] <def>The act of
exploring, penetrating, or ranging over for purposes of discovery,
especially of geographical discovery; examination; as, the
<i>exploration</i> of unknown countries</def>; <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>physical examination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"An <i>exploration</i> of doctrine."</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plor"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Exploratory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"plo*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
explores; one who examines closely; a searcher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plor"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exploratorius</i>.] <def>Serving or intended to explore;
searching; examining; explorative.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Explored</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exploring</u>.] [L. <i>explorare</i> to explore; <i>ex</i>
out+<i>plorare</i> to cry out aloud,prob. orig., to cause to flow;
perh. akin to E. <i>flow</i>: cf. F. <i>explorer</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To seek for or after; to strive to attain by
search; to look wisely and carefully for.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Explores</i> the lost, the wandering sheep
directs.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To search through or into; to penetrate or
range over for discovery; to examine thoroughly; as, to
<i>explore</i> new countries or seas; to <i>explore</i> the depths of
science.</def> "Hidden frauds [to] <i>explore</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plore"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
exploring; exploration.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plor"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
explores; also, an apparatus with which one explores, as a diving
bell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plor"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Employed in, or
designed for, exploration.</def> "<i>Exploring</i> parties."
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plo"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>explosio</i>
a driving off by clapping: cf. F. <i>explosion</i> explosion. See
<u>Explode</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of exploding;
detonation; a chemical action which causes the sudden formation of a
great volume of expanded gas; as, the <i>explosion</i> of gunpowder,
of fire damp,etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bursting with violence and loud noise,
because of internal pressure; as, the <i>explosion</i> of a gun, a
bomb, a steam boiler, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A violent outburst of feeling, manifested
by excited language, action, etc.; as, an <i>explosion</i> of
wrath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A formidable <i>explosion</i> of high-church
fanaticism.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plo"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>explosif</i>.] <def>Driving or bursting out with violence and
noise; causing explosion; as, the <i>explosive</i> force of
gunpowder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plo"sive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An explosive agent; a compound or mixture susceptible of a rapid
chemical reaction, as gunpowder, or nitro-glycerine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sound produced by an explosive impulse
of the breath; <i>(Phonetics)</i> one of consonants <i>p</i>,
<i>b</i>, <i>t</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>k</i>, <i>g</i>, which are sounded
with a sort of explosive power of voice. [See <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &radic; 155-7, 184.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*plo"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
explosive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*po`li*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Exspoliation</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pol"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>expolire</i>. See <u>Polish</u>.] <def>To polish thoroughly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>exponen</i>. See <u>Expound</u>.] <def>To expound; to explain;
also, to expose; to imperil.</def> [Old Eng. &amp; Scotch]
<i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*po"nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>exponens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>exponere</i> to put out, set forth,
expose. See <u>Expound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A
number, letter, or any quantity written on the right hand of and
above another quantity, and denoting how many times the latter is
repeated as a factor to produce the power indicated</def>; thus
<i>a</i><sup>2</sup> denotes the second power, and
<i>a</i><sup>x</sup> the <i>x</i>th power, of <i>a</i> (2 and x being
the <i>exponents</i>). A fractional <i>exponent</i>, or index, is
used to denote the root of a quantity. Thus,
<i>a</i><sup>&frac13;</sup> denotes the third or cube root of
<i>a</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, stands as an index
or representative; as, the leader of a party is the <i>exponent</i>
of its principles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Exponent of a ratio</b></col>, <cd>the quotient arising
when the antecedent is divided by the consequent; thus, 6 is the
<i>exponent</i> of the ratio of 30 to 5.</cd> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex`po*nen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exponentiel</i>.] <def>Pertaining to exponents; involving variable
exponents; as, an <i>exponential</i> expression; <i>exponential</i>
calculus; an <i>exponential</i> function.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Exponential curve</b></col>, <cd>a curve whose nature is
defined by means of an exponential equation.</cd> --
<col><b>Exponential equation</b></col>, <cd>an equation which
contains an exponential quantity, or in which the unknown quantity
enters as an exponent.</cd> -- <col><b>Exponential quantity</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a quantity whose exponent is unknown or variable,
as <i>a</i><sup>x</sup>.</cd> -- <col><b>Exponential
series</b></col>, <cd>a series derived from the development of
exponential equations or quantities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exported</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exporting</u>.] [L. <i>exportare</i>, <i>exportatum</i>; <i>ex</i>
out+<i>portare</i> to carry : cf. F. <i>exporter</i>. See <u>Port</u>
demeanor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry away; to remove.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[They] <i>export</i> honor from a man, and make him a
return in envy.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry or send abroad, or out of a
country, especially to foreign countries, as merchandise or
commodities in the way of commerce; -- the opposite of <i>import</i>;
as, to <i>export</i> grain, cotton, cattle, goods, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"port</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of exporting; exportation; as, to prohibit the
<i>export</i> of wheat or tobacco.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is exported; a commodity
conveyed from one country or State to another in the way of traffic;
-- used chiefly in the plural, <i>exports</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ordinary course of exchange . . . between two
places must likewise be an indication of the ordinary course of their
<i>exports</i> and imports.</blockquote> <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*port`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being suitable for exportation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To increase the <i>exportability</i> of native
goods.</blockquote> <i>J. P. Peters.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*port"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable for
exportation; as, <i>exportable</i> products.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`por*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exportatio</i>: cf. F. <i>exporation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of exporting; the act of conveying or sending
commodities abroad or to another country, in the course of
commerce.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Commodity exported; an export.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of carrying out.</def> [R.]
<i>Bourne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*port"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
exports; the person who sends goods or commodities to a foreign
country, in the way of commerce; -- opposed to
<i>importer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pos"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Exposure.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exposed</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exposing</u>.] [F. <i>exposer</i>; pref. <i>ex-</i> (L. <i>ex</i>
out)+<i>poser</i> to place. See <u>Pose</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set forth; to set out to public view; to
exhibit; to show; to display; as, to <i>expose</i> goods for sale; to
<i>expose</i> pictures to public inspection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who seek truth only, freely <i>expose</i> their
principles to the test, and are pleased to have them
examined.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay bare; to lay open to attack,
danger, or anything objectionable; to render accessible to anything
which may affect, especially detrimentally; to make liable; as, to
<i>expose</i> one's self to the heat of the sun, or to cold, insult,
danger, or ridicule; to <i>expose</i> an army to destruction or
defeat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Expose</i> thyself to feel what wretches
feel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of concealment; to discover; to
lay open to public inspection, or bring to public notice, as a thing
that shuns publicity, something criminal, shameful, or the like; as,
to <i>expose</i> the faults of a neighbor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You only <i>expose</i> the follies of men, without
arraigning their vices.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To disclose the faults or reprehensible
practices of; to lay open to general condemnation or contempt by
making public the character or arts of; as, to <i>expose</i> a cheat,
liar, or hypocrite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`po`s&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop.
p. p. of <i>exposer</i>. See <u>Expose</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>A formal recital or exposition of facts; exposure, or
revelation, of something which some one wished to keep
concealed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pos"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being exposed, laid open, or unprotected; as, an
<i>exposedness</i> to sin or temptation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who exposes
or discloses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expositio</i>, fr. <i>exponere</i>, <i>expositum</i>: cf. F.
<i>exposition</i>. See <u>Expound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of exposing or laying open; a setting out or displaying to public
view.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of expounding or of laying open
the sense or meaning of an author, or a passage; explanation;
interpretation; the sense put upon a passage; a law, or the like, by
an interpreter; hence, a work containing explanations or
interpretations; a commentary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You know the law; your <i>exposition</i><BR>
Hath been most sound.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Situation or position with reference to
direction of view or accessibility to influence of sun, wind, etc.;
exposure; as, an easterly <i>exposition</i>; an <i>exposition</i> to
the sun.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A public exhibition or show, as of
industrial and artistic productions; as, the Paris <i>Exposition</i>
of 1878.</def> [A Gallicism]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*pos"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
explain; expository.</def>  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pos"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Expound</u>.] <def>One who, or that which, expounds or explains;
an expounder; a commentator.</def>  <i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pos"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or containing, exposition; serving to explain; explanatory;
illustrative; exegetical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A glossary or <i>expository</i> index to the poetical
writers.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ex" post` fac"to</hw>, or <hw>||Ex" post`fac"to</hw>
(&ebreve;ks" p&omacr;st" f&abreve;k"t&osl;) }. [L., from what is done
afterwards.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>From or by an after act, or thing done
afterward; in consequence of a subsequent act;
retrospective.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ex post facto law</b></col>, <cd>a law which operates by
after enactment. The phrase is popularly applied to any law, civil or
criminal, which is enacted with a retrospective effect, and with
intention to produce that effect; but in its true application, as
employed in American law, it relates only to crimes, and signifies a
law which retroacts, by way of criminal punishment, upon that which
was not a crime before its passage, or which raises the grade of an
offense, or renders an act punishable in a more severe manner that it
was when committed. <i>Ex post facto laws</i> are held to be contrary
to the fundamental principles of a free government, and the States
are prohibited from passing such laws by the Constitution of the
United States.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pos"tu*late</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Expostulated</u>(?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Expostulating</u>.] [L.
<i>expostulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>expostulare</i> to demand
vehemently; <i>ex</i> out + <i>postulare</i> to ask, require. See
<u>Postulate</u>.] <def>To reason earnestly with a person on some
impropriety of his conduct, representing the wrong he has done or
intends, and urging him to make redress or to desist; to remonstrate;
-- followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men <i>expostulate</i> with erring friends; they bring
accusations against enemies who have done them a wrong.</blockquote>
<i>Jowett (Thuc. ).</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To remonstrate; reason. See <u>Remonstrate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*pos"tu*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To discuss;
to examine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>expostulate</i><BR>
What majesty should be, what duty is.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pos`tu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expostulatio</i>.] <def>The act of expostulating or reasoning with
a person in opposition to some impropriety of conduct; remonstrance;
earnest and kindly protest; dissuasion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must use <i>expostulation</i> kindly.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pos"tu*la`tor</hw> (?;135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who expostulates.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pos"tu*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing expostulation or remonstrance; as, an
<i>expostulatory</i> discourse or letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pos"ture</hw> (?;135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Imposture</u>.] <def>Exposure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*po"sure</hw> (?;135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Expose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of exposing or laying
open, setting forth, laying bare of protection, depriving of care or
concealment, or setting out to reprobation or contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>exposure</i> of Fuller . . . put an end to the
practices of that vile tribe.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being exposed or laid open or
bare; openness to danger; accessibility to anything that may affect,
especially detrimentally; as, <i>exposure</i> to observation, to
cold, to inconvenience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When we have our naked frailties hid,<BR>
That suffer in <i>exposure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Position as to points of compass, or to
influences of climate, etc.</def> "Under a southern <i>exposure</i>."
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The best <i>exposure</i> of the two for
woodcocks.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>The exposing of a
sensitized plate to the action of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pound"</hw> (&ebreve;ks*pound"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Expounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Expounding</u>.] [OE. <i>exponen</i>,
<i>expounen</i>, <i>expounden</i>, fr. L. <i>exponere</i> to set out,
expose, expound; <i>ex</i> out + <i>ponere</i> to put: cf. OE.
<i>expondre</i>, <i>expondre</i>. See <u>Position</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay open; to expose to view; to
examine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>expounded</i> both his pockets.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay open the meaning of; to explain; to
clear of obscurity; to interpret; as, to <i>expound</i> a text of
Scripture, a law, a word, a meaning, or a riddle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Expound</i> this matter more fully to
me.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pound"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who expounds or explains; an interpreter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*press"</hw> (&ebreve;ks*pr&ebreve;s"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F. <i>expr&egrave;s</i>, L. <i>expressus</i>, p. p. of
<i>exprimere</i> to express; <i>ex</i>. out + <i>premere</i> To
press. See <u>Press</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exactly
representing; exact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their human countenance<BR>
The <i>express</i> resemblance of the gods.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Directly and distinctly stated; declared
in terms; not implied or left to inference; made unambiguous by
intention and care; clear; not dubious; as, <i>express</i> consent;
an <i>express</i> statement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>express</i> commandment.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Intended for a particular purpose;
relating to an express; sent on a particular errand; dispatched with
special speed; as, an <i>express</i> messenger or train. Also used
adverbially.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> A messenger sent <i>express</i> from the other
world.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Express color</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See the Note
under <u>Color</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Explicit; clear; unambiguous. See
<u>Explicit</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*press"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>expr&egrave;s</i> a messenger.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A clear
image or representation; an expression; a plain declaration.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The only remanent <i>express</i> of Christ's sacrifice
on earth.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A messenger sent on a special errand; a
courier; hence, a regular and fast conveyance; commonly, a company or
system for the prompt and safe transportation of merchandise or
parcels; also, a railway train for transporting passengers or goods
with speed and punctuality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An express office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She charged him . . . to ask at the <i>express</i> if
anything came up from town.</blockquote> <i>E. E. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is sent by an express messenger
or message.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Express office</b></col>, <cd>an office where packages for
an express are received or delivered.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*press"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Expressed</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Expressing</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>espresser</i>, <i>expresser</i>, L.
<i>exprimere</i>, <i>expressum</i>. See <u>Express</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>; cf. <u>Sprain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
press or squeeze out; as, to <i>express</i> the juice of grapes, or
of apples; hence, to extort; to elicit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the fruits out of which drink is
<i>expressed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And th'idle breath all utterly
<i>expressed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Halters and racks can not <i>express</i> from thee<BR>
More than by deeds.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make or offer a representation of; to
show by a copy or likeness; to represent; to resemble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each skillful artist shall <i>express</i> thy
form.</blockquote> <i>E. Smith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So kids and whelps their sires and dams
<i>express</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give a true impression of; to represent
and make known; to manifest plainly; to show in general; to exhibit,
as an opinion or feeling, by a look, gesture, and esp. by language;
to declare; to utter; to tell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My words <i>express</i> my purpose.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>expressed</i> in their lives those excellent
doctrines of morality.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make known the opinions or feelings of;
to declare what is in the mind of; to show (one's self); to cause to
appear; -- used reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Phillips did <i>express</i> with much indignation
against me, one evening.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To denote; to designate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses and Aaron took these men, which are
<i>expressed</i> by their names.</blockquote> <i>Num. i. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To send by express messenger; to forward
by special opportunity, or through the medium of an express; as, to
<i>express</i> a package.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To declare; utter; signify; testify; intimate.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*press"age</hw> (&ebreve;ks*pr&ebreve;s"&asl;j; 48),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The charge for carrying a parcel by
express.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*press"i*ble</hw> (-&ibreve;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being expressed, squeezed out, shown, represented, or
uttered.</def> -- <wf>Express"i*bly</wf>,<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 530 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pres"sion</hw> (&ebreve;ks*pr&ebreve;sh"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>expressio</i>: cf. F. <i>expression</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of expressing; the act of forcing out
by pressure; as, the <i>expression</i> of juices or oils; also, of
extorting or eliciting; as, a forcible <i>expression</i> of
truth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of declaring or signifying;
declaration; utterance; as, an <i>expression</i> of the public
will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With this tone of philosophy were mingled
<i>expressions</i> of sympathy.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lively or vivid representation of meaning,
sentiment, or feeling, etc.; significant and impressive indication,
whether by language, appearance, or gesture; that manner or style
which gives life and suggestive force to ideas and sentiments; as, he
reads with <i>expression</i>; her performance on the piano has
<i>expression</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The imitators of Shakespeare, fixing their attention
on his wonderful power of <i>expression</i>, have directed their
imitation to this.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is expressed by a countenance,
a posture, a work of art, etc.; look, as indicative of thought or
feeling.</def> "The <i>expression</i> of an eye."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It still wore the majesty of <i>expression</i> so
conspicuous in his portraits by the inimitable pencil of
Titian.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A form of words in which an idea or
sentiment is conveyed; a mode of speech; a phrase; as, a common
<i>expression</i>; an odd <i>expression</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The representation of any
quantity by its appropriate characters or signs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Past expression</b></col>, <col><b>Beyond
expression</b></col>, <cd>beyond the power of description.</cd>
"<i>Beyond expression</i> bright."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pres"sion*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of, or relating to, expression; phraseological; also, vividly
representing or suggesting an idea or sentiment.</def>  <i>Fitzed.
Hall.</i> <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pres"sion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
expression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*press"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>expressif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving to express, utter,
or represent; indicative; communicative; -- followed by <i>of</i>;
as, words <i>expressive</i> of his gratitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each verse so swells <i>expressive</i> of her
woes.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of expression; vividly representing
the meaning or feeling meant to be conveyed; significant; emphatic;
as, <i>expressive</i> looks or words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have restrained yourself within the list of too
cold an adieu; be more <i>expressive</i> to them.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Through her <i>expressive</i> eyes her soul distinctly
spoke.</blockquote> <i>Littelton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex*press"ive*ly</wf>,<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ex*press"ive*ness</wf>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*press"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an express
manner; in direct terms; with distinct purpose; particularly; as, a
book written <i>expressly</i> for the young.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word of the Lord came <i>expressly</i> unto
Ezekiel.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. i. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am sent <i>expressly</i> to your
lordship.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*press"man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Expressmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>A person
employed in the express business; also, the driver of a job
wagon.</def>  <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*press"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being express; definiteness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pres"sure</hw> (?;135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of expressing; expression; utterance; representation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An operation more divine<BR>
Than breath or pen can give <i>expressure</i> to.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pro*brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exprobratus</i>, p. p. of <i>exprobrare</i>; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>probrum</i> a shameful or disgraceful act.] <def>To charge upon
with reproach; to upbraid.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pro*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exprobration</i>: cf. F. <i>exprobration</i>.] <def>Reproachful
accusation; upbraiding.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A fearful <i>exprobration</i> of our
unworthiness.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex*pro"bra*tive</hw> (?), <hw>Ex*pro"bra*to*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Expressing reproach; upbraiding;
reproachful.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir A. Shirley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pro"pri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>ex</i>
out, from + <i>proprius</i> one's own: cf. F. <i>exproprier</i>.]
<def>To put out of one's possession; to surrender the ownership of;
also, to deprive of possession or proprietary rights.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Expropriate</i> these [bad landlords] as the monks
were <i>expropriated</i> by Act of Parliament.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pro`pri*a"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>expropriation</i>.] <def>The act of expropriating; the surrender
of a claim to exclusive property; the act of depriving of ownership
or proprietary rights.</def>  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>expropriation</i> of bad
landlords.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pugn"</hw> (&ebreve;ks*p&umacr;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[L. <i>expugnare</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>pugnare</i> to fight,
<i>pugna</i> fight.  Cf. <u>Impugn</u>.] <def>To take by assault; to
storm; to overcome; to vanquish; as, to <i>expugn</i> cities; to
<i>expugn</i> a person by arguments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pug"nable</hw> (&ebreve;ks*p&ubreve;g"n&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>expugnabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being
expugned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pug*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expugnatio</i>.] <def>The act of taking by assault;
conquest.</def> [R.]  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pugn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
expugns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pulse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>expulser</i> or L. <i>expulsare</i>, intens. fr. <i>expellere</i>.
See <u>Expel</u>.] <def>To drive out; to expel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If charity be thus excluded and
<i>expulsed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*puls"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
expeller.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pul"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expulsio</i>, fr. <i>expellere</i>: cf. F. <i>expulsion</i>. See
<u>Expel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of expelling; a
driving or forcing out; summary removal from membership, association,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>expulsion</i> of the Tarquins.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being expelled or driven
out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>expulsif</i>.] <def>Having the power of driving out or away;
serving to expel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>expulsive</i> power of a new
affection.</blockquote> <i>Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*punc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expunctio</i> execution, performance, from <i>expungere</i>. See
<u>Expunge</u>.] <def>The act of expunging or erasing; the condition
of being expunged.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*punge"</hw> (&ebreve;ks*p&ubreve;nj"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Expunged</u> (-
p&ubreve;njd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Expunging</u> (-
p&ubreve;n"j&ibreve;ng).] [L. <i>expungere</i>, <i>expunctum</i>,
prick out, expunge, settle an account, execute; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>pungere</i> to prick, puncture. See <u>Pungent.</u>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To blot out, as with pen; to rub out; to
efface designedly; to obliterate; to strike out wholly; as, to
<i>expunge</i> words, lines, or sentences.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike out; to wipe out or destroy; to
annihilate; as, to <i>expunge</i> an offense.</def>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Expunge</i> the whole, or lop th' excrescent
parts.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To efface; erase; obliterate; strike out; destroy;
annihilate; cancel.</p>

<p><hw>Ex"pur*gate</hw> (&ebreve;ks"p&ubreve;r*g&amacr;t <i>or</i>
&ebreve;ks*p&ucirc;r"g&amacr;t; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Expurgated</u> (-
g&amacr;"t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Expurgating</u> (-g&amacr;"t&ibreve;ng).] [L. <i>expurgatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>expurgare</i> to purge, purify; <i>ex</i> out, from +
<i>purgare</i> to cleanse, purify, purge. See <u>Purge</u>, and cf.
<u>Spurge</u>.] <def>To purify; to clear from anything noxious,
offensive, or erroneous; to cleanse; to purge; as, to
<i>expurgate</i> a book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`pur*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>expurgatio</i> justification, excuse: cf. F. <i>expurgation</i>.]
<def>The act of expurgating, purging, or cleansing; purification from
anything noxious, offensive, sinful, or erroneous.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"pur*ga`tor</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
expurgates or purifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pur`ga*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
or serving to expurgate; expurgatory.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pur`ga*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Expurgatory.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Expurgatorious</i> indexes."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pur"ga*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>expurgatoire</i>.] <def>Serving to purify from anything noxious or
erroneous; cleansing; purifying.</def> "<i>Expurgatory</i>
animadversions."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Expurgatory Index</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Index
Expurgatorius</i>, under <u>Index</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*purge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>espurgier</i>. See <u>Expurgate</u>.] <def>To purge away.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*quire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exquirere</i>. See <u>Exquisite</u>.] <def>To search into or
out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"qui*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exquisitus</i>, p. p. of <i>exquirere</i> to search out; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>quarere</i> to seek, search. See <u>Quest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Carefully selected or sought out; hence, of
distinguishing and surpassing quality; exceedingly nice; delightfully
excellent; giving rare satisfaction; as, <i>exquisite</i>
workmanship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plate of rare device, and jewels<BR>
Of reach and <i>exquisite</i> form.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have no <i>exquisite</i> reason for 't, but I have
reason good enough.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exceeding; extreme; keen; -- used in a bad
or a good sense; as, <i>exquisite</i> pain or pleasure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of delicate perception or close and
accurate discrimination; not easy to satisfy; exact; nice;
fastidious; as, <i>exquisite</i> judgment, taste, or
discernment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His books of Oriental languages, wherein he was
<i>exquisite</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Nice; delicate; exact; refined; choice; rare;
matchless; consummate; perfect.</p>

<p><hw>Ex"qui*site</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who manifests
an exquisite attention to external appearance; one who is overnice in
dress or ornament; a fop; a dandy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"qui*site*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
exquisite manner or degree; as, lace <i>exquisitely</i>
wrought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To a sensitive observer there was something
<i>exquisitely</i> painful in it.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"qui*site*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being exquisite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*quis"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Eager to
discover or learn; curious.</def> [Obs.] <i>Todd.</i> --
<wf>Ex*quis"i*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*san"guine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Bloodless.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex`san*guin"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Destitute of blood; an&aelig;mic; exsanguious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`san*guin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Privation or destitution of blood; -- opposed to
<i>plethora</i>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*san"gui*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Exsanguious</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*san"gui*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsanguis</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>sanguis</i>, <i>sanguinis</i>,
blood.  Cf. <u>Exsanguineous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute
of blood.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Destitute of true, or
red, blood, as insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*scind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exscinded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exscinding</u>.] [L. <i>exscindere</i>; <i>ex</i> out, from +
<i>scindere</i> to cut.] <def>To cut off; to separate or expel from
union; to extirpate.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The second presbytery of Philadelphia was also
<i>exscinded</i> by that Assembly.</blockquote> <i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>excribere</i>; <i>ex</i> out, from + <i>scribere</i> to write.]
<def>To copy; to transcribe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"script</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exscriptus</i>, p. p. of <i>exscribere</i>.] <def>A copy; a
transcript.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*scrip"tur*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>ex-+scriptural</i>.] <def>Not in accordance with the doctrines of
Scripture; unscriptural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*scu"tel*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-
</i> + <i>scutellate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Without, or
apparently without, a scutellum; -- said of certain
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*sect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsectio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cutting out or
away.</def>  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The removal by operation of
a portion of a limb; particularly, the removal of a portion of a bone
in the vicinity of a joint; the act or process of cutting
out.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex*sert"</hw> (?), <hw>Ex*sert"ed</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>exsertus</i>, p. p. of <i>exserere</i> to
stretch out or forth. See <u>Exert</u>.] <def>Standing out;
projecting beyond some other part; as, <i>exsert</i>
stamens.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A small portion of the basal edge of the shell
<i>exserted</i>.</blockquote> <i>D. H. Barnes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*sert"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Capable of being thrust out or protruded.</def>  <i>J.
Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*sic"cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsiccans</i>, p. pr. of <i>exsiccare</i>. See <u>Exsiccate</u>.]
<def>Having the quality of drying up; causing a drying up.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An exsiccant
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"sic*cate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exsiccated</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Exsiccating</u>.] [L. <i>exsiccatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>exsiccare</i> to dry up; <i>ex</i> out + <i>siccare</i> to make
dry, <i>siccus</i> dry.] <def>To exhaust or evaporate moisture from;
to dry up.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`sic*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsiccatio</i>: cf. F. <i>exsiccation</i>.] <def>The act of
operation of drying; evaporation or expulsion of moisture; state of
being dried up; dryness.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*sic"ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
make dry; having the power of drying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"sic*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An apparatus for drying substances or preserving them from
moisture; a desiccator; also, less frequently, an agent employed to
absorb moisture, as calcium chloride, or concentrated sulphuric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*sil"i*en*cy</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsiliens</i> leaping out, p. pr. of <i>exsilire</i>; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>salire</i> to leap.] <def>A leaping out.</def> [R.]
<i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`so*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsolutio</i> a release.] <def>Relaxation.</def> [R.]
<i>Richardson (Dict. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*spo`li*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exspoliatio</i>, fr. <i>exspoliare</i> to spoil, to plunder;
<i>ex</i> out, from + <i>spoliare</i>. See <u>Spoliate</u>.]
<def>Spoliation.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`spu*i"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exspuitio</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>spuere</i> to spit: cf. F.
<i>exspuition</i>.] <def>A discharge of saliva by spitting.</def>
[R.]  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*spu"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spit out, or
as if spit out.</def> "<i>Exsputory</i> lines."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*stip"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ex-
</i> + <i>stipulate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having no
stipules.</def>  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"stro*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to turn
inside out; &?; = &?; out + &?; to turn.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
eversion or turning out of any organ, or of its inner surface; as,
<i>exstrophy</i> of the eyelid or of the bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*suc"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsuccus</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>succus</i> juice.] <def>Destitute
of juice; dry; sapless. <i>Latham</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*suc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsugere</i>, <i>exsuctum</i>, to suck out; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>sugere</i> to suck: cf. F. <i>exsuccion</i>.] <def>The act of
sucking out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`su*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Exudation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`suf*flate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsufflare</i> to blow at or upon; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>sufflare</i>. See <u>Sufflate</u>.] <i>(Eccles.)</i> <def>To
exorcise or renounce by blowing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`suf*fla"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>exsufflatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blast from
beneath.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccles.)</i> <def>A kind of exorcism by
blowing with the breath.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A strongly forced
expiration of air from the lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*suf"fli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Empty;
frivolous.</def> [<i>A Shakespearean word only once used.</i>]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>exsufflicate</i> and blown
surmises.</blockquote> <i>Shak. (Oth. iii. 3, 182).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*sus"ci*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsuscitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exsuscitare</i>; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>suscitare</i>. See <u>Suscitate</u>.] <def>To rouse; to
excite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*sus`ci*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsuscitatio</i>.] <def>A stirring up; a rousing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"ta*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ecstasy</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>extantia</i>,
<i>exstantia</i>, a standing out, fr. <i>exstans</i>, p. pr. See
<u>Extant</u>.] <def>Outward existence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>extantia</i>,
<i>exstantia</i>.] <def>The state of rising above others; a
projection.</def>  <i>Evelyn. Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>extans</i>, <i>-
antis</i>, or <i>exstans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>extare</i>,
<i>exstare</i>, to stand out or forth; <i>ex</i> out + <i>stare</i>
to stand: cf. F. <i>extant</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Stand</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Standing out or above any surface;
protruded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That part of the teeth which is <i>extant</i> above
the gums.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A body partly immersed in a fluid and partly
<i>extant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Still existing; not destroyed or lost;
outstanding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Writings that were <i>extant</i> at that
time.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>extant</i> portraits of this great
man.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Publicly known; conspicuous.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"ta*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ecstasy</u>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ecstatic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tem"po*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extemporalis</i>, from <i>ex tempore</i>.] <def>Extemporaneous;
unpremeditated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex*tem"po*ral*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Extemporaneous.</def> [Obs]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Extempore</u>.] <def>Composed, performed, or uttered on the spur
of the moment, or without previous study; unpremeditated; off-hand;
extempore; extemporary; as, an <i>extemporaneous</i> address or
production.</def> -- <wf>Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ness</wf>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tem"po*ra*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Extemporaneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tem"po*ra*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extemporaneous.</def> "In <i>extemporary</i>
prayer."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made for the occasion; for the time
being.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Extemporary</i> habitations."
<i>Maundrell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tem"po*re</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L. <i>ex</i>
out + <i>tempus</i>, <i>temporis</i>, time. See <u>Temporal</u>.]
<def>Without previous study or meditation; without preparation; on
the spur of the moment; suddenly; extemporaneously; as, to write or
speak <i>extempore</i>.</def> <i>Shak.</i> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Done or performed extempore.</def> "<i>Extempore</i>
dissertation." <i>Addison.</i> "<i>Extempore</i> poetry."
<i>Dryden.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Speaking or writing done
extempore.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tem"po*ri*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being done or devised extempore</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 531 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tem`po*ri*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of extemporizing; the act of doing anything extempore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tem"po*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Extemporized</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Extemporizing</u>(?).] <def>To speak extempore;
especially, to discourse without special preparation; to make an
offhand address.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tem"po*rize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To do, make,
or utter extempore or off-hand; to prepare in great haste, under
urgent necessity, or with scanty or unsuitable materials; as, to
<i>extemporize</i> a dinner, a costume, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Themistocles . . . was of all men the best able to
<i>extemporize</i> the right thing to be done.</blockquote> <i>Jowett
(Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pitt, of whom it was said that he could
<i>extemporize</i> a Queen's speech</blockquote> <i>Lord
Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tem"po*ri`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
extemporizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tend"</hw> (&ebreve;ks*t&ebreve;nd"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Extended</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Extending</u>.] [L.
<i>extendere</i>, <i>extentum</i>, <i>extensum</i>; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>tendere</i> to stretch. See <u>Trend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To stretch out; to prolong in space; to carry forward or
continue in length; as, to <i>extend</i> a line in surveying; to
<i>extend</i> a cord across the street.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Few <i>extend</i> their thoughts toward universal
knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enlarge, as a surface or volume; to
expand; to spread; to amplify; as, to <i>extend</i> metal plates by
hammering or rolling them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To enlarge; to widen; to carry out
further; as, to <i>extend</i> the capacities, the sphere of
usefulness, or commerce; to <i>extend</i> power or influence; to
continue, as time; to lengthen; to prolong; as, to <i>extend</i> the
time of payment or a season of trial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hold out or reach forth, as the arm or
hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His helpless hand <i>extend</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bestow; to offer; to impart; to apply;
as, to <i>extend</i> sympathy to the suffering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To increase in quantity by weakening or
adulterating additions; as, to <i>extend</i> liquors.</def>  <i>G. P.
Burnham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>To value, as lands taken
by a writ of extent in satisfaction of a debt; to assign by writ of
extent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Extended letter</b></col> <i>(Typog.)</i>, <cd>a letter,
or style of type, having a broader face than is usual for a letter or
type of the same height.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <extendedtype>This is extended type.</extendedtype></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To increase; enlarge; expand; widen; diffuse. See
<u>Increase</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*tend"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Displaced.</def>  <i>Ogilvie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tend"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
extended manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, extends or stretches anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tend"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being extended, susceptible of
being stretched, extended, enlarged, widened, or expanded.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Liable to be taken by a writ
of extent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tend"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unlimited
extension.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An . . . <i>extendlessness</i> of
excursions.</blockquote> <i>Sir. M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>extensus</i>,
p. p. See <u>Extend</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Outreaching;
expansive; extended, superficially or otherwise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men and gods are too <i>extense</i>;<BR>
Could you slacken and condense?</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being extensible; the capacity of being extended; as, the
<i>extensibility</i> of a fiber, or of a plate of metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>extensible</i>. See <u>Extend</u>.] <def>Capable of being
extended, whether in length or breadth; susceptible of enlargement;
extensible; extendible; -- the opposite of <i>contractible</i> or
<i>compressible</i>.</def> "An <i>extensible</i> membrane"
<i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"si*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Extensibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"sile</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suited for, or
capable of, extension; extensible.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extensio</i>: cf. F. <i>extension</i>. See <u>Extend</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of extending
or the state of being extended; a stretching out; enlargement in
breadth or continuation of length; increase; augmentation;
expansion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>That property of a body
by which it occupies a portion of space.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic &amp; Metaph.)</i> <def>Capacity of a
concept or general term to include a greater or smaller number of
objects; -- correlative of <i>intension</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law is that the intension of our knowledge is in
the inverse ratio of its <i>extension</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>extension</i> of [the term] plant is greater
than that of geranium, because it includes more objects.</blockquote>
<i>Abp. Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of stretching
a broken bone so as to bring the fragments into the same straight
line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The straightening of a
limb, in distinction from <i>flexion</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A written engagement on the
part of a creditor, allowing a debtor further time to pay a
debt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Counter extension</b></col>. <i>(Surg.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Counter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Extension table</b></col>, <cd>a
table so constructed as to be readily extended or contracted in
length.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
great extent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favors
or advocates extension.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extensivus</i>: cf. F. <i>extensif</i>. See <u>Extend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having wide extent; of much superficial
extent; expanded; large; broad; wide; comprehensive; as, an
<i>extensive</i> farm; an <i>extensive</i> lake; an <i>extensive</i>
sphere of operations; <i>extensive</i> benevolence; <i>extensive</i>
greatness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being extended.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Silver beaters choose the finest coin, as that which
is most <i>extensive</i> under the hammer.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To a great
extent; widely; largely; as, a story is <i>extensively</i>
circulated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"sive*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being extensive; wideness; largeness; extent;
diffusiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ten*som"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Extens</i>ion + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring
the extension of a body, especially for measuring the elongation of
bars of iron, steel, or other material, when subjected to a tensile
force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., one who
stretches. See <u>Extend</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which
serves to extend or straighten any part of the body, as an arm or a
finger; -- opposed to <i>flexor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Extension.</def> [R.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>extentus</i>,
p. p.  of <i>extendere</i>. See <u>Extend</u>.] <def>Extended.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tent"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>extentus</i>, fr.
<i>extendere</i>. See <u>Extend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Space
or degree to which a thing is extended; hence, superficies; compass;
bulk; size; length; as, an <i>extent</i> of country or of line;
<i>extent</i> of information or of charity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Life in its large <i>extent</i> is scare a
span.</blockquote> <i>Cotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Degree; measure; proportion.</def> "The
<i>extent</i> to which we can make ourselves what we wish to be."
<i>Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
peculiar species of execution upon debts due to the crown, under
which the lands and goods of the debtor may be seized to secure
payment.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A process of execution by
which the lands and goods of a debtor are valued and delivered to the
creditor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Extenuated</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Extenuating</u>(?).] [L. <i>extenuatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>extenuare</i> to make thin, loosen, weaken; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>tenuare</i> to make thin, <i>tenuis</i> thin. See <u>Tenuity</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make thin or slender; to draw out so as to
lessen the thickness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His body behind the head becomes broad, from whence it
is again <i>extenuated</i> all the way to the tail.</blockquote>
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lessen; to palliate; to lessen or
weaken the force of; to diminish the conception of, as crime, guilt,
faults, ills, accusations, etc.; -- opposed to
<i>aggravate</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But fortune there <i>extenuates</i> the
crime.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us <i>extenuate</i>, conceal, adorn the unpleasing
reality.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lower or degrade; to detract
from.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who can <i>extenuate</i> thee?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To palliate; to mitigate. See <u>Palliate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"u*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
thinner; to make excuses; to advance palliating considerations.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extenuatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Thin; slender.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extenuatio</i>: cf. F. <i>ext&eacute;nuation</i>.] <def>The act of
axtenuating or the state of being extenuated; the act of making thin,
slender, or lean, or of palliating; diminishing, or lessening;
palliation, as of a crime; mitigation, as of punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To listen . . . to every <i>extenuation</i> of what is
evil.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"u*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
extenuates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ten"u*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>extenuatorius</i> attenuating.] <def>Tending to extenuate or
palliate.</def>  <i>Croker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*te"ri*or</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>exterior</i>,
compar. of <i>exter</i> or <i>exterus</i> on the outside, outward,
foreign, strange, a compar. fr. <i>ex</i>: cf. F.
<i>ext&eacute;rieur</i>. See <u>Ex&?;</u>, and cf. <u>Extreme</u>,
<u>Interior</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>External; outward;
pertaining to that which is external; -- opposed to <i>interior</i>;
as, the <i>exterior</i> part of a sphere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sith nor the <i>exterior</i> nor the inward man<BR>
Resemble that it was.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>External; on the outside; without the
limits of; extrinsic; as, an object <i>exterior</i> to a man, opposed
to what is within, or in his mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without <i>exterior</i> help sustained.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relating to foreign nations; foreign; as,
the <i>exterior</i> relations of a state or kingdom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Exterior angle</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the angle
included between any side of a triangle or polygon and the
prolongation of the adjacent side; also, an angle included between a
line crossing two parallel lines and either of the latter on the
outside.</cd> -- <col><b>Exterior side</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>,
<cd>the side of the polygon upon which a front of fortification is
formed.</cd>  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p>See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ravelin</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*te"ri*or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The outward surface or part of a thing; that which is external;
outside.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Outward or external deportment, form, or
ceremony; visible act; as, the <i>exteriors</i> of
religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*te`ri*or"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ext&eacute;riorit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Surface; superficies;
externality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*te"ri*or*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Outwardly; externally; on the exterior.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are <i>exteriorly</i> lifelike.</blockquote>
<i>J. H. Morse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exterminated</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Exterminating</u>(?).] [L. <i>exterminatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>exterminare</i> to abolish, destroy, drive out or away;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>terminus</i> boundary, limit. See <u>Term</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive out or away; to expel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They deposed, <i>exterminated</i>, and deprived him of
communion.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To destroy utterly; to cut off; to
extirpate; to annihilate; to root out; as, to <i>exterminate</i> a
colony, a tribe, or a nation; to <i>exterminate</i> error or
vice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To explode and <i>exterminate</i> rank
atheism.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To eliminate, as unknown
quantities.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>extermination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
exterminating; total destruction; eradication; excision; as, the
<i>extermination</i> of inhabitants or tribes, of error or vice, or
of weeds from a field.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Elimination.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter"mi*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who, or that which, exterminates.</def>  <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter"mi*na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to extermination; tending to exterminate.</def>
"<i>Exterminatory</i> war."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>exterminer</i>.] <def>To exterminate; to destroy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tern"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>externe</i>. See <u>External</u>.] <def>External; outward; not
inherent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tern"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>externe</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pupil in a seminary who lives without its
walls; a day scholar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Outward form or part; exterior.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>externus</i>,
fr. <i>exter</i>, <i>exterus</i>, on the outside, outward. See
<u>Exterior</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Outward; exterior; relating
to the outside, as of a body; being without; acting from without; --
opposed to <i>internal</i>; as, the <i>external</i> form or surface
of a body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of all <i>external</i> things, . . . <BR>
She [Fancy] forms imaginations, aery shapes.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Outside of or separate from ourselves;
<i>(Metaph.)</i> separate from the perceiving mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Outwardly perceptible; visible; physical
or corporeal, as distinguished from mental or moral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her virtues graced with <i>external</i>
gifts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not intrinsic nor essential; accidental;
accompanying; superficial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>external</i> circumstances are greatly
different.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Foreign; relating to or connected with
foreign nations; as, <i>external</i> trade or commerce; the
<i>external</i> relations of a state or kingdom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Away from the mesial plane
of the body; lateral.</def></p>

<p><col><b>External angles</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Angle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter"nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something external
or without; outward part; that which makes a show, rather than that
which is intrinsic; visible form; -- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adam was then no less glorious in his
<i>externals</i></blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God in <i>externals</i> could not place
content.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter"nal*ism</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being manifest to the senses;
external acts or appearances; regard for externals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>externalism</i> gave Catholicism a great
advantage on all sides.</blockquote> <i>E. Eggleston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>That philosophy or
doctrine which recognizes or deals only with externals, or objects of
sense perception; positivism; phenomenalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter`nal*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to externalism.</def>  <i>North Am. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ter*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being external; exteriority</def>; <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>separation
from the perceiving mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pressure or resistance necessarily supposes
<i>externality</i> in the thing which presses or
resists.</blockquote> <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter"nal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
external; to manifest by outward form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thought <i>externalizes</i> itself in
language.</blockquote> <i>Soyce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter"nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an external
manner; outwardly; on the outside; in appearance; visibly.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`terne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf.
<u>Extern</u>.] <i>(med.)</i> <def>An officer in attendance upon a
hospital, but not residing in it; esp., one who cares for the out-
patients.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ter*ra"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exterraneus</i>; <i>es</i> out + <i>terra</i> land.] <def>Foreign;
belonging to, or coming from, abroad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter`ri*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>ex&?; + territorial</i>.] <def>Beyond the territorial limits;
foreign to, or exempt from, the territorial jurisdiction.</def> --
<wf>Ex*ter`ri*to"ri*al*ly</wf>(#),<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter`ri*to`ri*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being beyond the limits of a
country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being free from the
jurisdiction of a country when within its territorial
limits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ter"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extergere</i>, <i>extersum</i>, to wipe out; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>tergere</i> to wipe or rub off.] <def>The act of wiping or rubbing
out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*till"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Extilled</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Extilling</u>.] [L. <i>extillare</i>, <i>exstillare</i>; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>stillare</i> to drop, <i>stilla</i> drop.] <def>To drop or
distill.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`til*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Distillation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An exudation or <i>extillation</i> of petrifying
juices.</blockquote> <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tim"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extimulatus</i>, <i>exstimulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>extimulare</i>,
<i>exstimulare</i>, to goad. See <u>Stimulate</u>.] <def>To
stimulate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tim`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Stimulation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Things insipid, and without any
<i>extimulation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tinct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>extinctus</i>,
<i>exstinctus</i>, p. p. of <i>extinguere</i>, <i>exstinguere</i>.
See <u>Extinguish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extinguished; put
out; quenched; as, a fire, a light, or a lamp, is <i>extinct</i>; an
<i>extinct</i> volcano.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Light, the prime work of God, to me is
<i>extinct</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without a survivor; without force; dead;
as, a family becomes <i>extinct</i>; an <i>extinct</i> feud or
law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tinct"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to be
extinct.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tinc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extinctio</i>, <i>exstinction</i>: cf. F. <i>extinction</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of extinguishing or making extinct; a
putting an end to; the act of putting out or destroying light, fire,
life, activity, influence, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State of being extinguished or of ceasing
to be; destruction; suppression; as, the <i>extinction</i> of life,
of a family, of a quarrel, of claim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"tine</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>exter</i>
on the outside.  Cf. <u>Intine</u>.] <i>(bot.)</i> <def>The outer
membrane of the grains of pollen of flowering plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tin"guish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Extinguished</u>(?); <pos><i>p pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Extinguishing</u>.] [L. <i>extinguere</i>,
<i>exstinguere</i>; <i>ex</i> out + <i>stinguere</i> to quench. See
<u>Distinguish</u>, <u>Finish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
quench; to put out, as a light or fire; to stifle; to cause to die
out; to put an end to; to destroy; as, to <i>extinguish</i> a flame,
or life, or love, or hope, a pretense or a right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A light which the fierce winds have no power to
<i>extinguish</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>extinguishes</i> my right to the
reversion.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obscure; to eclipse, as by superior
splendor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Natural graces that <i>extinguish</i>
art.</blockquote> <i>Shak</i>.</p>

<p><! p. 532 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tin"guish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being quenched, destroyed, or suppressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tin"guish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, extinguishes; esp., a hollow cone or other device for
extinguishing a flame, as of a torch or candle.</def></p>


<p><hw>Ex*tin"guish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of extinguishing, putting out, or
quenching, or the state of being extinguished; extinction;
suppression; destruction; nullification; as, the
<i>extinguishment</i> of fire or flame, of discord, enmity, or
jealousy, or of love or affection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The annihilation or
extinction of a right or obligation.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tirp"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>extirper</i>.] <def>To extirpate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is impossible to <i>extirp</i> it quite,
friar.</blockquote> <i>Shak</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*tir"pa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being extirpated or eradicated; as, an <i>extirpable</i> plant.</def>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"tir*pate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Extirpated</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Extirpating</u>(?).] [L. <i>extirpatus</i>,
<i>exstirpatus</i>, p. p. of <i>extirpare</i>, <i>exstirpare</i>;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>strips</i> stock, stem, root.] <def>To pluck up by
the stem or root; to root out; to eradicate, literally or
figuratively; to destroy wholly; as, to <i>extirpate</i> weeds; to
<i>extirpate</i> a tumor; to <i>extirpate</i> a sect; to
<i>extirpate</i> error or heresy.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To eradicate; root out; destroy; exterminate;
annihilate; extinguish.</p>

<p><hw>Ex`tir*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extirpatio</i>, <i>exstirpatio</i>: cf. F. <i>extirpation</i>.]
<def>The act of extirpating or rooting out, or the state of being
extirpated; eradication; excision; total destruction; as, the
<i>extirpation</i> of weeds from land, of evil from the heart, of a
race of men, of heresy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"tir*pa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
rooting out, or tending to root out.</def>  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"tir*pa`tor</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extirpator</i>, <i>exstirpator</i>: cf. F. <i>extirpateur</i>.]
<def>One who extirpates or roots out; a destroyer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tir"pa*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Extirpative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tirp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Extirpator.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ti*spi"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extispicium</i> an inspection of the inwards for divination;
<i>extra</i> the entrails + <i>specer</i> to look at.] <def>Relating
to the inspection of entrails for prognostication.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>exter</i>
outward + <i>&?;genous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Exogenous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Extolled</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Extolling</u>.] [L. <i>extollere</i>; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>tollere</i> to lift, take up, or raise: cf. OF. <i>extoller</i>.
See <u>Tollerate</u>, and cf. <u>Flate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To place on high; to lift up; to elevate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>extolled</i> you in the half-crown boxes,<BR>
Where you might sit and muster all the beauties.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To elevate by praise; to eulogize; to
praise; to magnify; as, to <i>extol</i> virtue; to <i>extol</i> an
act or a person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherein have I so deserved of you,<BR>
That you <i>extol</i> me thus?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To praise; applaud; commend; magnify; celebrate;
laud; glorify. See <u>Praise</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*tol"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos><def>One who extols;
one who praises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tol"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Praise.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tor"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Extort</u>.] <def>Serving or tending to extort.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i> -- <wf>Ex*tor"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*tort"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Extorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Extorting</u>.] [L. <i>extortus</i>, p. p. of <i>extorquere</i> to
twist or wrench out, to extort; <i>ex</i> out + <i>torquere</i> to
turn about, twist. See <u>Torsion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
wrest from an unwilling person by physical force, menace, duress,
torture, or any undue or illegal exercise of power or ingenuity; to
wrench away (from); to tear away; to wring (from); to exact; as, to
<i>extort</i> contributions from the vanquished; to <i>extort</i>
confessions of guilt; to <i>extort</i> a promise; to <i>extort</i>
payment of a debt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To get by the offense of
extortion. See <u>Extortion</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tort"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice
extortion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tort"</hw>, <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extortus</i>. p. p.] <def>Extorted.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tort"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices extortion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tor"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>extorsion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of extorting; the
act or practice of wresting anything from a person by force, by
threats, or by any undue exercise of power; undue exaction;
overcharge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The offense committed by an
officer who corruptly claims and takes, as his fee, money, or other
thing of value, that is not due, or more than is due, or before it is
due.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is extorted or exacted by
force.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Oppression; rapacity; exaction; overcharge.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*tor"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Extortionate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tor"tion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characterized by extortion; oppressive; hard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tor"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices extortion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tor"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Extortionate.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Extortious</i> cruelties." <i>Bp.
Hall</i> -- <wf>Ex*tor"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ex"tra-</hw> (?). [L., fr. <i>exter</i>. See
<u>Exterior</u>.] <def>A Latin preposition, denoting <i>beyond</i>,
<i>outside of</i>; -- often used in composition as a prefix
signifying <i>outside of</i>, <i>beyond</i>, <i>besides</i>, or <i>in
addition to</i> what is denoted by the word to which it is
prefixed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"tra</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beyond what is due,
usual, expected, or necessary; additional; supernumerary; also,
extraordinarily good; superior; as, <i>extra</i> work; <i>extra</i>
pay.</def> "By working <i>extra</i> hours."  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Extras</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Something in addition to what is
due, expected, or customary; something in addition to the regular
charge or compensation, or for which an additional charge is made;
as, at European hotels lights are <i>extras</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*ar*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated outside of a joint.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex`tra*ax"il*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Ex`tra*ax"il*la*ry</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing outside of the axils;
as, an <i>extra-axillary</i> bud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*bran"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Outside of the branchial arches; -- said of the
cartilages thus placed in some fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*cap"su*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated outside of a capsule, esp. outside the
capsular ligament of a joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tract"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Extracted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Extracting</u>.] [L. <i>extractus</i>, p. p. of <i>extrahere</i>
to extract; <i>ex</i> out + <i>trahere</i> to draw. See <u>Trace</u>,
and cf. <u>Estreat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw out or
forth; to pull out; to remove forcibly from a fixed position, as by
traction or suction, etc.; as, to <i>extract</i> a tooth from its
socket, a stump from the earth, a splinter from the finger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bee<BR>
Sits on the bloom <i>extracting</i> liquid sweet.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw by expression, distillation,
or other mechanical or chemical process; as, to <i>extract</i> an
essence.  Cf. <u>Abstract</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 6.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sunbeams may be <i>extracted</i> from cucumbers, but
the process is tedious.</blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take by selection; to choose out; to
cite or quote, as a passage from a book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>extracted</i> out of that pamphlet a few
notorious falsehoods.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To extract the root</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>to
ascertain the root of a number or quantity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex"tract`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is extracted or drawn out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A portion of a book or document,
separately transcribed; a citation; a quotation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A decoction, solution, or infusion made by
drawing out from any substance that which gives it its essential and
characteristic virtue; essence; as, <i>extract</i> of beef;
<i>extract</i> of dandelion; also, any substance so extracted, and
characteristic of that from which it is obtained; as, quinine is the
most important <i>extract</i> of Peruvian bark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A solid preparation obtained
by evaporating a solution of a drug, etc., or the fresh juice of a
plant; -- distinguished from an <i>abstract</i>. See <u>Abstract</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A peculiar principle
once erroneously supposed to form the basis of all vegetable
extracts; -- called also the <i>extractive principle</i>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Extraction; descent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A draught or copy of
writing; certified copy of the proceedings in an action and the
judgement therein, with an order for execution.</def>
<i>Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fluid extract</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a concentrated
liquid preparation, containing a definite proportion of the active
principles of a medicinal substance. At present a fluid gram of
extract should represent a gram of the crude drug.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex*tract"a*ble</hw> (?), <hw>Ex*tract"i*ble</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being extracted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tract"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Having the form, appearance, or nature, of an extract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>extraction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of extracting, or
drawing out; as, the <i>extraction</i> of a tooth, of a bone or an
arrow from the body, of a stump from earth, of a passage from a book,
of an essence or tincture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Derivation from a stock or family;
lineage; descent; birth; the stock from which one has
descended.</def> "A family of ancient <i>extraction</i>."
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is extracted; extract;
essence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [books] do preserve as in a vial the purest
efficacy and <i>extraction</i> of that living intellect that bred
them.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The extraction of roots</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The operation of finding the root of a given
number or quantity.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The method or rule
by which the operation is performed; evolution.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tract"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>extractif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being
extracted.</def> "Thirty grains of <i>extractive</i> matter."
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending or serving to extract or draw
out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Certain branches of industry are conveniently
designated <i>extractive</i>: <i>e.g.</i>, agriculture, pastoral and
mining pursuits, cutting of lumber, etc.</blockquote>
<i>Cairnes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tract"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything extracted; an extract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Extractives</i>, of which the most constant are
urea, kreatin, and grape sugar.</blockquote> <i>H. N. Martin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
chemical principle once supposed to exist in all extracts.</def>
[Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of a large class of
substances obtained by extraction, and consisting largely of
nitrogenous hydrocarbons, such as xanthin, hypoxanthin, and creatin
<i>extractives</i> from muscle tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tract"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, extracts</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>A forceps or instrument for extracting substances.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Breech-loading Firearms)</i> <def>A device
for withdrawing a cartridge or spent cartridge shell from the chamber
of the barrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*dic"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>extra-</i> + L. <i>dictio</i> a saying. See <u>Diction</u>.]
<def>Consisting not in words, but in realities.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of these <i>extradictionary</i> and real fallacies,
Aristotle and logicians make in number six.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"tra*di`ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Subject, or liable, to extradition, as a
fugitive from justice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Making liable to extradition; as,
<i>extraditable</i> offenses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"tra*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Extradited</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Extraditing</u>(?).] <def>To deliver up by one
government to another, as a fugitive from justice. See
<u>Extradition</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ex</i>
out + <i>traditio</i> a delivering up: cf. F. <i>extradition</i>. See
<u>Tradition</u>.] <def>The surrender or delivery of an alleged
criminal by one State or sovereignty to another having jurisdiction
to try charge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tra"dos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; pref. <i>extra-
</i> outside + <i>dos</i> (L. <i>dorsum</i>) the back.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The exterior curve of an arch; esp., the upper
curved face of the whole body of voussoirs. See
<u>Intrados</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*do"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>extra-
</i> + <i>dotal</i>.] <def>Forming no part of the dowry; as,
<i>extradotal</i> property.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*fo`li*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>extra + foliaceous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Away from the leaves,
or inserted in a different place from them; as,
<i>extrafoliaceous</i> prickles.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*fo*ra"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>extra-</i> + L. <i>foras</i> out of doors.] <def>Pertaining to
that which is out of doors.</def> "<i>Extraforaneous</i>
occupations."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*ge"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>extra-</i> + L. <i>genus</i> race.] <def>Belonging to another race
or kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*ju*di"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Out of
or beyond the proper authority of a court or judge; beyond
jurisdiction; not legally required.</def> "An <i>extrajudicial</i>
opinion." <i>Hallam.</i> -- <wf>Ex`tra*ju*di"cial*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*lim"it*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
beyond the limit or bounds; as, <i>extraliminary</i> land.</def>
<i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying
outside of the domain of logic.</def> --
<wf>Ex`tra*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sending
out; emission.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*mun"dane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extramundanus</i>; <i>extra + mundus</i> world.] <def>Beyond the
material world.</def> "An <i>extramundane</i> being."  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*mu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Outside of
the walls, as of a fortified or walled city.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being without or beyond a thing; foreignness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*tra"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extraneus</i>, from <i>extra</i>. See <u>Extra-</u>,
<u>Strange</u>.] <def>Not belonging to, or dependent upon, a thing;
without or beyond a thing; not essential or intrinsic; foreign; as,
to separate gold from <i>extraneous</i> matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing is admitted <i>extraneous</i> from the
indictment.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ex*tra"ne*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra-oc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Inserted exterior to the eyes; -- said of
the antenn&aelig; of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra-of*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
prescribed by official duty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*traor"di*na*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
an extraordinary manner or degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*traor"di*na*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being extraordinary.</def> [R.]  <i>Gov. of the
Tongue.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*traor"di*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extraordinarius</i>; <i>extra</i> on the outside +
<i>ordinarius</i>: cf. F. <i>extraordinaire</i>. See
<u>Ordinary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Beyond or out of the common
order or method; not usual, customary, regular, or ordinary; as,
<i>extraordinary</i> evils; <i>extraordinary</i> remedies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which dispose<BR>
To something <i>extraordinary</i> my thoughts.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exceeding the common degree, measure. or
condition; hence, remarkable; uncommon; rare; wonderful; as,
<i>extraordinary</i> talents or grandeur.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Employed or sent upon an unusual or
special service; as, an ambassador <i>extraordinary</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*traor"di*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Extraordinaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>That which is
extraordinary; -- used especially in the plural; as,
<i>extraordinaries</i> excepted, there is nothing to prevent
success.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>extraordinary</i> did consist especially in
the matter of prayers and devotions.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*pa*ro"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beyond
the limits of a parish.</def> -- <wf>Ex`tra*pa*ro"chi*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*phys"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
subject to physical laws or methods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*pro*fes"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Foreign to a profession; not within the ordinary limits of
professional duty or business.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*pro*vin"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
within of pertaining to the same province or jurisdiction.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*reg"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
comprehended within a rule or rules.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*sta*pe"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear,
which, in many animals, projects beyond the connection with the
stapes.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The extrastapedial part of
columella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*ter`ri*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Beyond the limits of a territory or particular jurisdiction;
exterritorial.</def> -- <wf>Ex`tra*ter`ri*to"ri*al*ly</wf>(#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*ter`ri*to`ri*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being beyond the limits of a particular
territory</def>; esp. <i>(Internat. Law)</i>, <def>A fiction by which
a public minister, though actually in a foreign country, is supposed
still to remain within the territory of his own sovereign or
nation.</def>  <i>Wheaton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*trop"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beyond
or outside of the tropics.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`traught"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Extract</u>. [Cf. <u>Distraught</u>.] <def>Extracted;
descended.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Knowing whence thou art <i>extraught</i></blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra-u"ter*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat. &
Med.)</i> <def>Outside of the uterus, or womb.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Extra-uterine pregnancy</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
condition of pregnancy in which the fetus is not in the uterus, but
in the Fallopian tube or in the abdominal cavity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav"a*gance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>extravagance</i>. See <u>Extravagant</u>, and cf.
<u>Extravaganza</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wandering beyond
proper limits; an excursion or sally from the usual way, course, or
limit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being extravagant, wild, or
prodigal beyond bounds of propriety or duty; want of moderation;
excess; especially, undue expenditure of money; vaid and superfluous
expense; prodigality; as, <i>extravagance</i> of anger, love,
expression, imagination, demands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some verses of my own, Maximin and Almanzor, cry
vengeance on me for their <i>extravagance</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The income of three dukes was enough to supply her
<i>extravagance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wildness; irregularity; excess; prodigality;
profusion; waste; lavishness; unreasonableness; recklessness.</p>

<p><! p. 533 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav"a*gan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Extravagancies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Extravagance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav"a*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>extravagant</i>, fr. L. <i>extra</i> on the outside +
<i>vagans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>vagari</i> to wander, from
<i>vagus</i> wandering, vague. See <u>Vague</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wandering beyond one's bounds; roving; hence, foreign.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>extravagant</i> and erring spirit hies<BR>
To his confine.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exceeding due bounds; wild; excessive;
unrestrained; as, <i>extravagant</i> acts, wishes, praise,
abuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There appears something nobly wild and
<i>extravagant</i> in great natural geniuses.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Profuse in expenditure; prodigal;
wasteful; as, an <i>extravagant</i> man.</def> "<i>Extravagant</i>
expense."  <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav"a*gant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is confined to no general rule.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>Certain
constitutions or decretal epistles, not at first included with
others, but subsequently made a part of the canon law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav"a*gant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
extravagant manner; wildly; excessively; profusely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav"a*gant*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being extravagant or in excess; excess; extravagance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav`a*gan"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Extravagance</i> with an Italian ending: cf. It.
<i>stravaganza</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A composition, as in
music, or in the drama, designed to produce effect by its wild
irregularity; esp., a musical caricature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An extravagant flight of sentiment or
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav"a*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>extra-</i> + L. <i>vagatus</i>, p. p. of <i>vagari</i> to rove.
See <u>Extravagant</u>.] <def>To rove.</def>  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav`a*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
wandering beyond limits; excess.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav"a*sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Extravasated</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Extravasating</u>(?).] [Pref. <i>extra-</i> + L.
<i>vas</i> vessel: cf. F. <i>extravaser</i>. See <u>Vase</u>.]
<def>To force or let out of the proper vessels or arteries, as
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav`a*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>extravasation</i>.] <def>The act of forcing or letting out of its
proper vessels or ducts, as a fluid; effusion; as, an
<i>extravasation</i> of blood after a rupture of the
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*vas"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Outside the vessels; -- said
of the substance of all the tissues.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Destitute of vessels; non-vascular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav"e*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>extra-
</i> + L. <i>vena</i> vein.] <def>Let out of the veins.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Extravenate</i> blood."  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>extra-</i> + L. <i>vertere</i>, <i>versum</i>, to turn: cf. F.
<i>extraversion</i>.] <def>The act of throwing out; the state of
being turned or thrown out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*treat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Estreat</u>,
<u>Extract</u>.] <def>Extraction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*treme"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>extremus</i>,
superl. of <i>exter</i>, <i>extrus</i>, on the outside, outward: cf.
F. <i>extr&ecirc;me</i>. See <u>Exterior</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>At the utmost point, edge, or border; outermost; utmost;
farthest; most remote; at the widest limit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Last; final; conclusive; -- said of time;
as, the <i>extreme</i> hour of life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The best of worst; most urgent; greatest;
highest; immoderate; excessive; most violent; as, an <i>extreme</i>
case; <i>extreme</i> folly.</def> "The <i>extremest</i> remedy."
<i>Dryden.</i> "<i>Extreme</i> rapidity." <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet <i>extreme</i> gusts will blow out
fire.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Radical; ultra; as, <i>extreme</i>
opinions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Puritans or <i>extreme</i>
Protestants.</blockquote> <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Extended or contracted as
much as possible; -- said of intervals; as, an <i>extreme</i> sharp
second; an <i>extreme</i> flat forth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Extreme and mean ratio</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the
relation of a line and its segments when the line is so divided that
the whole is to the greater segment is to the less.</cd> --
<col><b>Extreme distance</b></col>. <i>(Paint.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Distance</u>., <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</cd> -- <col><b>Extreme
unction</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Unction</u>.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; Although this adjective, being superlative in
signification, is not properly subject to comparison, the superlative
form not unfrequently occurs, especially in the older writers. "Tried
in his <i>extremest</i> state." <i>Spenser.</i> "<i>Extremest</i>
hardships." <i>Sharp.</i>  "<i>Extremest</i> of evils." <i>Bacon.</i>
"<i>Extremest</i> verge of the swift brook." <i>Shak.</i> "The sea's
<i>extremest</i> borders." <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*treme"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The utmost point or verge; that part which terminates a body;
extremity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Utmost limit or degree that is supposable
or tolerable; hence, furthest degree; any undue departure from the
mean; -- often in the plural: things at an extreme distance from each
other, the most widely different states, etc.; as, <i>extremes</i> of
heat and cold, of virtue and vice; <i>extremes</i> meet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His parsimony went to the <i>extreme</i> of
meanness.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An extreme state or condition; hence,
calamity, danger, distress, etc.</def> "Resolute in most
<i>extremes</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Either of the extreme terms
of a syllogism, the middle term being interposed between
them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The first or the last term
of a proportion or series.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In the extreme</b></col> <cd>as much as possible.</cd>
"The position of the Port was difficult <i>in the extreme</i>."
<i>J. P. Peters.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*treme"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
extremes; infinite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*treme"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an extreme
manner or state; in the utmost degree; to the utmost point;
exceedingly; as, <i>extremely</i> hot or cold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trem"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A supporter of
extreme doctrines or practice; one who holds extreme
opinions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trem"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Extremities</b></plw>(&?;). [L. <i>extremitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>extr&eacute;mit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The extreme
part; the utmost limit; the farthest or remotest point or part; as,
the <i>extremities</i> of a country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They sent fleets . . . to the <i>extremities</i> of
Ethiopia.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of locomotive
appendages of an animal; a limb; a leg or an arm of man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The utmost point; highest degree; most
aggravated or intense form.</def> "The <i>extremity</i> of bodily
pain."  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The highest degree of inconvenience, pain,
or suffering; greatest need or peril; extreme need;
necessity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Divers evils and <i>extremities</i> that follow upon
such a compulsion shall here be set in view.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon mere <i>extremity</i> he summoned this last
Parliament.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Verge; border; extreme; end; termination.</p>

<p><hw>Ex"tri*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being extricated.</def>  <i>Sir W. Jones.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex"tri*cate</hw> (&ebreve;ks"tr&ibreve;*k&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Extricated</u>(-
k&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Extricating</u>(-k&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng).] [L. <i>extricatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>extricare</i> to extricate; <i>ex</i> out + <i>tricae</i>
trifles, impediments, perplexities.  Cf. <u>Intricate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To free, as from difficulties or
perplexities; to disentangle; to disembarrass; as, to
<i>extricate</i> a person from debt, peril, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We had now <i>extricated</i> ourselves from the
various labyrinths and defiles.</blockquote> <i>Eustace.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be emitted or evolved; as, to
<i>extricate</i> heat or moisture.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disentangle; disembarrass; disengage; relieve;
evolve; set free; liberate.</p>

<p><hw>Ex`tri*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of extricating or
disentangling; a freeing from perplexities;
disentanglement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of sending out or
evolving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trin"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extrinsecus</i>; <i>exter</i> on the outside + <i>secus</i>
otherwise, beside; akin to E. <i>second</i>: cf. F.
<i>extrins&egrave;que</i>. See <u>Exterior</u>, <u>Second</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not contained in or belonging to a body;
external; outward; unessential; -- opposed to
<i>intrinsic</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>extrinsic</i> aids of education and of
artificial culture.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Attached partly to an organ
or limb and partly to some other part; -- said of certain groups of
muscles. Opposed to <i>intrinsic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trin"sic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Extrinsic.</def> -- <wf>Ex*trin"sic*al*ly</wf>(#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex*trin`si*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Ex*trin"sic*al*ness</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality of being
extrinsic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tro"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>extra</i>
on the outside + <i>ire</i>, <i>itum</i>, to go.] <def>Seeking or
going out after external objects.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their natures being almost wholly
<i>extroitive</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tror"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Extrorse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trorse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [As if from an
assumed L. <i>extrorsus</i>, for <i>extroversus</i>; <i>extra</i> on
the outside + <i>vertere</i>, <i>versum</i>, to turn: cf. F.
<i>extrorse</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Facing outwards, or away from
the axis of growth; -- said esp. of anthers occupying the outer side
of the filament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tro*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Extrorse</u>.] <def>The condition of being turned wrong side out;
as, <i>extroversion</i> of the bladder.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*truct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extructus</i>, <i>exstructus</i>, p. p. of <i>extruere</i>,
<i>exstruere</i>, to build up; <i>ex</i> out + <i>struere</i> to
build.] <def>To construct.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Byrom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*truc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exstructio</i>.] <def>A building up; construction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*truct"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Constructive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fulke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*truct"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
builder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Extruded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Extruding</u>.] [L. <i>extrudere</i>, <i>extrusum</i>; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>trudere</i> to thrust, akin to E. <i>threat</i>. See
<u>Threat</u>.] <def>To thrust out; to force, press, or push out; to
expel; to drive off or away.</def> "Parentheses thrown into notes or
<i>extruded</i> to the margin."  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tru"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
thrusting or pushing out; a driving out; expulsion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tu"ber*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A swelling
or rising; protuberance.</def> [R.]  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tu"ber*an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Extuberance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*tu"ber*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extuberare</i>.] <def>Swollen out; protuberant.</def> [R.]
"<i>Extuberant</i> lips."  <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tu"ber*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extuberatus</i>, p. pr. of <i>extuberare</i> to swell; <i>ex</i>
out + <i>tuber</i> a swelling.] <def>To swell out.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tu`ber*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>extuberatio</i>.] <def>Protuberance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Farindon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tu*mes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ex</i>.
+ <i>tumescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>tumescere</i>, incho. fr.
<i>tumere</i> to swell: cf. F. <i>extumescence</i>.] <def>A swelling
or rising.</def> [R.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"ber*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exuberantia</i>: cf. F. <i>exub&eacute;rance</i>.] <def>The state
of being exuberant; an overflowing quantity; a copious or excessive
production or supply; superabundance; richness; as, an
<i>exuberance</i> of joy, of fancy, or of foliage.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abundance; superabundance; excess; plenty;
copiousness; profusion; richness; overflow; overgrowth; rankness;
wantonness. See <u>Abundance</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"ber*an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Exuberance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"ber*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exuberans</i>, <i>exuberantis</i>, p. pr. of <i>exuberare</i> to
be abundant; <i>ex</i> + <i>uberare</i> to be fruitful, fr.
<i>uber</i> fruitful, fertile, <i>uber</i> udder: cf. F.
<i>exub&eacute;rant</i>. See <u>Udder</u>.] <def>Characterized by
abundance or superabundance; plenteous; rich; overflowing; copious or
excessive in production; as, <i>exuberant</i> goodness; an
<i>exuberant</i> intellect; <i>exuberant</i> foliage.</def>
"<i>Exuberant</i> spring." <i>Thomson.</i> --
<wf>Ex*u"ber*ant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"ber*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exuberatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exuberare</i>. See <u>Exuberant</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To abound; to be in great abundance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*uc"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Exsuccous</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Exude</u>.] <def>To exude.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`u*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
exuding; sweating; a discharge of humors, moisture, juice, or gum, as
through pores or incisions; also, the substance exuded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Resins, a class of proximate principles, existing in
almost all plants and appearing on the external surface of many of
them in the form of <i>exudations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Am.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exuded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>exuding</u>.] [L. <i>exudare</i>, <i>exsudare</i>,
<i>exudatum</i>, <i>exsudatum</i>, to sweat out; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>sudare</i> to sweat: cf. F. <i>exuder</i>, <i>exsuder</i>. See
<u>Sweat</u>.] <def>To discharge through pores or incisions, as
moisture or other liquid matter; to give out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our forests <i>exude</i> turpentine in . . .
abundance.</blockquote> <i>Dr. T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ude"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flow from a body
through the pores, or by a natural discharge, as juice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ul"cer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exulceratus</i>, p. p. of <i>exulcerare</i> to make sore;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>ulcerare</i>. See <u>Ulcerate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ulcerate.</def> [Obs.] "To
<i>exulcerate</i> the lungs."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To corrode; to fret; to chafe; to
inflame.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Minds <i>exulcerated</i> in themselves.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ul"cer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exulceratus</i>, p. p.] <def>Very sore; ulcerated.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ul`cer*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exulceratio</i>: cf. F. <i>exulc&eacute;ration</i>.] [Obs. or R.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ulceration.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fretting; a festering; soreness.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ul"cer*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to cause ulcers; exulceratory.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ul"cer*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exulceratorius</i>: cf. F. <i>exulc&eacute;ratoire</i>.]
<def>Having a tendency to form ulcers; rendering ulcerous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ult"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exulted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exulting</u>.] [L. <i>exultare</i>, <i>exsultare</i>,
<i>exultatum</i>, <i>exsultatum</i>, to leap vigorously, to exult,
intens. fr. <i>exsilire</i> to spring out or up; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>salire</i> to spring, leap: cf. F. <i>exulter</i>. See
<u>Salient</u>.] <def>To be in high spirits; figuratively, to leap
for joy; to rejoice in triumph or exceedingly; to triumph; as, an
<i>exulting</i> heart.</def> "An <i>exulting</i> countenance."
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The dumb shall sing, the lame his crutch forego,<BR>
And leap <i>exulting</i> like the bounding roe.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ex*ult"ance</hw> (?), <hw>Ex*ult"an*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>exsultantia</i>.] <def>Exultation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Burton. Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ult"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsultans</i>, <i>exsultantis</i>, p. pr. of <i>exsultare</i>. See
<u>Exult</u>.] <def>Inclined to exult; characterized by, or
expressing, exultation; rejoicing triumphantly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Break away, <i>exultant</i>, from every
defilement.</blockquote> <i>I. Tay;or.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`ul*ta"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exsultatio</i>: cf. F. <i>exultation</i>.] <def>The act of
exulting; lively joy at success or victory, or at any advantage
gained; rapturous delight; triumph.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His bosom swelled with <i>exultation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ult"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rejoicing
triumphantly or exceedingly; exultant.</def> --
<wf>Ex*ult"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ex*un"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exundatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exundare</i> to overflow; <i>ex</i> out
+ <i>undare</i>. See <u>Undated</u> waved.] <def>To overflow; to
inundate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex`un*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exundatio</i>.] <def>An overflow, or overflowing abundance.</def>
[R.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*un"gu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exungulated</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Exungulating</u>(?).] [L. <i>exungulare</i> to lose
the hoof, <i>ex</i> out, from + <i>ungula</i>. See <u>Ungula</u>.]
<def>To pare off, as nails, the hoof, etc.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"per*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exuperabilis</i>, <i>exsuperabilis</i>. See <u>Exuperate</u>.]
<def>Surmountable; superable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"per*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exuperantia</i>, <i>exsuperantia</i>.] <def>Superiority;
superfluity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"per*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exuperans</i>, <i>exsuperans</i>, p. pr.] <def>Surpassing;
exceeding; surmounting.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"per*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exuperatus</i>, <i>exsuperatus</i>, p. p. of <i>exuperare</i>,
<i>exsuperare</i> to excel; <i>ex</i> out + <i>superare</i> to go
over, <i>super</i> above, over.] <def>To excel; to surmount.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*u`per*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Exurgent</u>.] <def>The act of rising or coming into view.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*ur"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>exurgens</i>,
<i>exsurgens</i>, p. pr. of <i>exurgere</i>, <i>exsurgere</i>, to
rise up; <i>ex</i> out + <i>surgere</i> to rise.] <def>Arising;
coming to light.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ex*us"ci*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Exsuscitate</u></def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*us"tion</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>exustio</i>, fr. <i>exurere</i>, <i>exustum</i>, to burn up;
<i>ex</i> out + <i>urere</i> to burn.] <def>The act or operation of
burning up.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exutoire</i>. See <u>Exuv&?;e</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
issue.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex*u"vi*a</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>n. sing.</i></pos> of
<u>Exuvi&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*u`vi*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of shedding the skin periodically.</def>
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"vi*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>exuviable</i>.] <def>Capable of being cast off in the form of
exuvi&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex*u"vi*&aelig;</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>exuere</i> to draw out or off, to pull off.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>Cast skins, shells, or coverings of animals;
any parts of animals which are shed or cast off, as the skins of
snakes, the shells of lobsters, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The fossil shells and other
remains which animals have left in the strata of the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"vi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to exuvi&aelig;.</def> "<i>Exuvial</i> layers."
"<i>Exuvial</i> deposits."</p>

<p><! p. 534 !></p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"vi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Exuviated</u>, <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exuviating</u>.] (&?;) [From <u>Exuviae</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>To shed an old covering or condition preliminary to taking on a
new one; to molt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is reason to suppose that very old crayfish do
not <i>exuviate</i> every year.</blockquote> <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ex*u`vi*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The rejecting or casting off of some part,
more particularly, the outer cuticular layer, as the shells of
crustaceans, skins of snakes, etc.; molting; ecdysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`-vo"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ex-votos</b></plw> (-t&ouml;z). [L. <i>ex</i> out of, in
accordance with + <i>voto</i>, abl. of <i>votum</i> a vow.] <def>An
offering to a church in fulfillment of a vow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[AS. <i>&imacr;g</i>.
Cf.<u>Eyot</u>.] <def>An island.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ey</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Eyren</b></plw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Egg</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ey</hw>, <def>An <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> of wonder or
inquiry.</def> [Obs.]  <i> Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>E`ya*let"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk., fr. Ar.
<i>iy&amacr;lah</i>.] <def>Formerly, one of the administrative
divisions or provinces of the Ottoman Empire; -- now called a
<i>vilayet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ey`as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>niais</i> fresh
from the nest, a derivative fr. L. <i>nidus</i> nest. E. <i>an
eyas</i> for a <i>nias</i>. See <u>Nest</u>, and cf. <u>Nias</u>,
<u>Jashawk</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A nesting or unfledged
bird; in falconry, a young hawk from the nest, not able to prey for
itself.</def>  <i>Shak J. H. Walsh</i></p>

<p><hw>Ey"as</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unfledged, or newly
fledged.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like <i>eyas</i> hawk up mounts unto the skies,<BR>
His newly budded pinions to assay.</blockquote> <i>Spebser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ey"as*mus`ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Eyas</i> +
<i>muske</i> the brid.] <def>An unfledged or young male sparrow
hawk.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye</hw> (&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr.
<i>nye</i>, <i>an eye</i> being for <i>a nye</i>. See <u>Nye</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A brood; as, an <i>eye</i> of
pheasants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye</hw> (&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>eghe</i>,
<i>eighe</i>, <i>eie</i>, <i>eye</i>, AS.  <i>e&aacute;ge</i>; akin
to OFries. <i>&amacr;ge</i>, OS. <i>&omacr;ga</i>, D. <i>oog</i>,
Ohg. <i>ouga</i>, G. <i>auge</i>, Icel. <i>auga</i>, Sw.
<i>&ouml;ga</i>, Dan. <i>&ouml;ie</i>, Goth. <i>aug&omacr;</i>; cf.
OSlav. <i>oko</i>, Lith. <i>akis</i>, L. <i>okulus</i>, Gr.
<grk>'o`kkos</grk>, eye, <grk>'o`sse</grk>, the two eyes, Skr.
<i>akshi</i>. &radic;10, 212.  Cf. <u>Diasy</u>, <u>Ocular</u>,
<u>Optic</u>, <u>Eyelet</u>, <u>Ogle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The organ of sight or vision. In man, and the vertebrates
generally, it is properly the movable ball or globe in the orbit, but
the term often includes the adjacent parts. In most invertebrates the
eyes are immovable ocelli, or compound eyes made up of numerous
ocelli. See <u>Ocellus</u>.</def></p>

<p><i>Description of illustration</i>: <i>a b</i> Conjunctiva;
<i>c</i> Cornea; <i>d</i> Sclerotic; <i>e</i> Choroid; <i>f</i>
Cillary Muscle; <i>g</i> Cillary Process; <i>h</i> Iris; <i>i</i>
Suspensory Ligament; <i>k</i> Prosterior Aqueous Chamber between
<i>h</i> and <i>i</i>; <i>l</i> Anterior Aqueous Chamber; <i>m</i>
Crystalline Lens; <i>n</i> Vitreous Humor; <i>o</i> Retina; <i>p</i>
Yellow spot; <i>q</i> Center of blind spot; <i>r</i> Artery of Retina
in center of the Optic Nerve.</p>

<p>&fist; The essential parts of the eye are inclosed in a tough
outer coat, the <i>sclerotic</i>, to which the muscles moving it are
attached, and which in front changes into the transparent cornea. A
little way back of cornea, the crystalline lens is suspended,
dividing the eye into two unequal cavities, a smaller one in front
filled with a watery fluid, the <i>aqueous humor</i>, and larger one
behind filled with a clear jelly, the <i>vitreous humor</i>.  The
sclerotic is lined with a highly pigmented membrane, the
<i>choroid</i>, and this is turn is lined in the back half of the
eyeball with the nearly transparent <i>retina</i>, in which the
fibers of the optic nerve ramify. The choroid in front is continuous
with the <i>iris</i>, which has a contractile opening in the center,
the <i>pupil</i>, admitting light to the lens which brings the rays
to a focus and forms an image upon the retina, where the light,
falling upon delicate structures called <i>rods and cones</i>, causes
them to stimulate the fibres of the <i>optic nerve</i> to transmit
visual impressions to the brain.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The faculty of seeing; power or range of
vision; hence, judgment or taste in the use of the eye, and in
judging of objects; as, to have the <i>eye</i> of a sailor; an
<i>eye</i> for the beautiful or picturesque.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The action of the organ of sight; sight,
look; view; ocular knowledge; judgment; opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In my <i>eye</i>, she is the sweetest lady that I
looked on.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The space commanded by the organ of sight;
scope of vision; hence, face; front; the presence of an object which
is directly opposed or confronted; immediate presence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We shell express our duty in his
<i>eye</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her shell your hear disproved to her
<i>eyes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Observation; oversight; watch; inspection;
notice; attention; regard.</def> "Keep <i>eyes</i> upon her."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Booksellers . . . have an <i>eye</i> to their own
advantage.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles the organ of sight,
in form, position, or appearance</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The spots on a feather, as of peacock.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The scar to which the adductor muscle is
attached in oysters and other bivalve shells; also, the adductor
muscle itself, esp. when used as food, as in the scallop.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The bud or sprout of a plant or tuber; as,
the <i>eye</i> of a potato.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The center
of a target; the bull's-eye.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A small
loop to receive a hook; as, hooks and <i>eyes</i> on a dress.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>The hole through the head of a needle.</def>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>A loop forming part of anything, or a hole
through anything, to receive a rope, hook, pin, shaft, etc.; as, an
<i>eye</i> at the end of a tie bar in a bridge truss; an <i>eye</i>
through a crank; an <i>eye</i> at the end of rope.</def>
<sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>The hole through the upper
millstone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles the eye in relative
importance or beauty.</def> "The very <i>eye</i> of that proverb."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Athens, the <i>eye</i> of Greece, mother of
arts.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Tinge; shade of color.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Red with an <i>eye</i> of blue makes a
purple.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>By the eye</b></col>, <cd>in abundance.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Marlowe.</i> -- <col><b>Elliott eye</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a loop in a hemp cable made around a thimble and served.</cd> --
<col><b>Eye agate</b></col>, <cd>a kind of circle agate, the central
parts of which are of deeper tints than the rest of the mass.</cd>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>Eye animalcule</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>, <cd>a flagellate infusorian belonging to
<i>Euglena</i> and related genera; -- so called because it has a
colored spot like an eye at one end.</cd> -- <col><b>Eye
doctor</b></col>, <cd>an oculist.</cd> -- <col><b>Eye of a
volute</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the circle in the center of
volute.</cd> -- <col><b>Eye of day</b></col>, <col><b>Eye of the
morning</b></col>, <col><b>Eye of heaven</b></col>, <cd>the sun.</cd>
"So gently shuts the <i>eye of day</i>." <i>Mrs. Barbauld.</i> --
<col><b>Eye of a ship</b></col>, <cd>the foremost part in the bows of
a ship, where, formerly, eyes were painted; also, the hawser
holes.</cd> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i> -- <col><b>Half an eye</b></col>,
<cd>very imperfect sight; a careless glance; as, to see a thing with
<i>half an eye</i>; often figuratively.</cd> "Those who have but
<i>half an eye</i>." <i>B. Jonson.</i> -- <col><b>To catch one's
eye</b></col>, <cd>to attract one's notice.</cd> -- <col><b>To find
favor in the eyes (of)</b></col>, <cd>to be graciously received and
treated.</cd> -- <col><b>To have an eye to</b></col>, <cd>to pay
particular attention to; to watch.</cd> "<i>Have an eye to</i>
Cinna." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To keep an eye on</b></col>, <cd>to
watch.</cd> -- <col><b>To set the eyes on</b></col>, <cd>to see; to
have a sight of.</cd> -- <col><b>In the eye of the wind</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>in a direction opposed to the wind; as, a ship
sails in the <i>eye of the wind</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eye</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Eyed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Eying or Eyeing</u>.] <def>To fix the eye on; to look on; to view;
to observe; particularly, to observe or watch narrowly, or with fixed
attention; to hold in view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Eye</i> me, blest Providence, and square my
trial<BR>
To my proportioned strength.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To appear; to
look.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My becomings kill me, when they do not<BR>
<i>Eye</i> well to you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The ball or
globe of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"bar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>A
bar with an eye at one or both ends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A glance of the
eye.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"bolt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A
bolt with a looped head, or an opening in the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"bright`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A small annual plant (<i>Euphrasia officinalis</i>), formerly
much used as a remedy for diseases of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"brow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The brow or
hairy arch above the eye.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"cup`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small oval
porcelain or glass cup, having a rim curved to fit the orbit of the
eye. it is used in the application of liquid remedies to eyes; --
called also <i>eyeglass</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eyed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heaving (such or so
many) eyes; -- used in composition; as, sharp-<i>eyed</i>; dull-
<i>eyed</i>; sad-<i>eyed</i>; ox-<i>eyed</i> Juno; myriad-
<i>eyed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"drop"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tear.</def>
[Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"flap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blinder on a
horse's bridle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Filling or
satisfying the eye; visible; remarkable.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Eyeful</i>
trophies."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"glance`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A glance of
eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"glass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A lens of glass to assist the sight. Eyeglasses are used singly
or in pairs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Eyepiece of a telescope, microscope,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The retina.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A glass eyecup. See
<u>Eyecup</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A circular
opening to recive a hook, cord, ring, or rope; an eyelet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"lash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The fringe of hair that edges the eyelid; -- usually in the
<i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hair of the fringe on the edge of the
eyelid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"less`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without eyes;
blind.</def> "<i>Eyeless</i> rage."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"let`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&oelig;illet</i>, dim. of <i>&oelig;il</i> eye, fr. L.
<i>oculus</i>. See <u>Eye</u>, and cf.  <u>Oillet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small hole or perforation to receive a cord
or fastener, as in garments, sails, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A metal ring or grommet, or short metallic
tube, the ends of which can be bent outward and over to fasten it in
place; -- used to line an eyelet hole.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Eyelet hole</b></col>, <cd>a hole made for an eyelet.</cd>
-- <col><b>Eyelet punch</b></col>, <cd>a machine for punching eyelet
holes and fastening eyelets, as in paper or cloth.</cd> --
<col><b>Eyelet ring</b></col>.  <cd>See <u>Eyelet</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Eye`let*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small,
sharp-pointed instrument used in piercing eyelet holes; a
stiletto.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye`lid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The cover of the eye; that portion of movable skin with which an
animal covers or uncovers the eyeball at pleasure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ey"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Eyes.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>The lens, or combination of lenses, at the eye end of a
telescope or other optical instrument, through which the image formed
by the mirror or object glass is viewed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Collimating eyepiece</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Collimate</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Negative</b></col>, or
<col><b>Huyghenian</b></col>, <col><b>eyepiece</b></col>, <cd>an
eyepiece consisting of two plano-convex lenses with their curved
surfaces turned toward the object glass, and separated from each
other by about half the sum of their focal distances, the image
viewed by the eye being formed between the two lenses. it was devised
by Huyghens, who applied it to the telescope. Campani applied it to
the microscope, whence it is sometimes called <i>Campani's
eyepiece</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Positive eyepiece</b></col>, <cd>an
eyepiece consisting of two plano-convex lenses placed with their
curved surfaces toward each other, and separated by a distance
somewhat less than the focal distance of the one nearest eye, the
image of the object viewed being beyond both lenses; -- called also,
from the name of the inventor, <i>Ramsden's eyepiece</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>terrestrial</b></col>, or <col><b>Erecting
eyepiece</b></col>, <cd>an eyepiece used in telescopes for viewing
terrestrial objects, consisting of three, or usually four, lenses, so
arranged as to present the image of the object viewed in an erect
position.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ey"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who eyes
another.</def>  <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"reach`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The range or
reach of the eye; eyeshot.</def> "A seat in <i>eyereach</i> of him."
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"-saint`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An object of
interest to the eye; one worshiped with the eyes.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That's the <i>eye-saint</i>, I know,<BR>
Among young gallants.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"salve`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ointment for
the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"serv`ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A servant who
attends faithfully to his duty only when watched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"serv`ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Service
performed only under inspection, or the eye of an employer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not with <i>eyeservice</i>, as
menpleasers.</blockquote> <i>Col. iii. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"shot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Range, reach, or
glance of the eye; view; sight; as, to be out of
<i>eyeshot</i>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"sight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sight of the
eye; the sense of seeing; view; observation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Josephus sets this down from his own
<i>eyesight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"sore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
offensive to the eye or sight; a blemish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mordecai was an <i>eyesore</i> to Haman.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"-splice`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A splice formed by bending a rope's end back, and fastening it
into the rope, forming a loop or eye. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Splice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"-spot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A simple visual organ found in many
invertebrates, consisting of pigment cells covering a sensory nerve
termination.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An eyelike spot of
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"-spot`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked with
spots like eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Juno's bird, in her <i>eye-spotted</i>
train.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"stalk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the movable peduncles which, in the decapod Crustacea,
bear the eyes at the tip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"stone`</hw> (&imacr;"st&omacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small, lenticular, calcareous body, esp. an
operculum of a small marine shell of the family
<i>Turbinid&aelig;</i>, used to remove a foreign substance from the
eye. It is put into the inner corner of the eye under the lid, and
allowed to work its way out at the outer corner, bringing with it the
substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Eye agate. See under
<u>Eye</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"string`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tendon by
which the eye is moved.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ey"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An island. See
<u>Eyot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"tooth</hw> (&imacr;"t&oomac;th`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Eyeteeth</b></plw> (&imacr;"t&emacr;th`)
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A canine tooth of the upper jaw.</def> See
<u>Teeth</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>To cut one's eyeteeth</b></col>, <cd>to become acute or
knowing.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Eye"wash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Eyewater</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
wash or lotion for application to the eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"wink`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wink; a
token.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eye"wink`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
eyelash.</def> [A child's word.]</p>

<p><hw>Eye"wit`ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sees
a thing done; one who has ocular view of anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We . . . were <i>eyewitnesses</i> of his
majesty.</blockquote> <i>2 Pet. i. 16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ey"ghen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Eyes.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eyght</hw> (&amacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An island.
See <u>Eyot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eyle</hw> (&amacr;l) <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
ail.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ey"li*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>&OElig;iliad</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eyne</hw> (?), <i>or</i> <hw>Ey"en</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Plural of <i>eye</i>; -- now obsolete, or
used only in poetry.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With such a plaintive gaze their <i>eyne</i><BR>
Are fastened upwardly on mine.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ey"ot</hw> (&imacr;"&obreve;t <i>or</i> &amacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ey</i> (AS. <i>&imacr;g</i> or Icel.
<i>ey</i>) + F. dim. termination <i>-ot</i>; cf. AS.
<i>&imacr;geo&eth;</i>.  See <u>Island</u>, and cf. <u>Ait</u>.]
<def>A little island in a river or lake. See <u>Ait</u>.</def>
[Written also <i>ait</i>, <i>ayt</i>, <i>ey</i>, <i>eyet</i>, and
<i>eyght</i>.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Eyr</hw> (&acirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Air</u>.]
<def>Air.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ey"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native South American
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wild cat (<i>Felis eyra</i>)
ranging from southern Brazil to Texas. It is reddish yellow and about
the size of the domestic cat, but with a more slender body and
shorter legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eyre</hw> (&acirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>erre</i>
journey, march, way, fr. L. <i>iter</i>, <i>itineris</i>, a going,
way, fr. the root of <i>ire</i> to go.  Cf. <u>Errant</u>,
<u>Itinerant</u>, <u>Issue</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A journey
in circuit of certain judges called <i>justices in eyre</i> (or <i>in
itinere</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; They were itinerant judges, who rode the circuit, holding
courts in the different counties.</p>

<p><hw>Ey"ren</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Ey</u>,
an egg.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ey"rie</hw>, <hw>Ey"ry</hw> (&amacr;"r&ybreve; or
&emacr;"r&ybreve;; 277) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Ey"ries</b></plw> (-r&ibreve;z). [See <u>Aerie</u>] <def>The
nest of a bird of prey or other large bird that builds in a lofty
place; aerie.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The eagle and the stork<BR>
On cliffs and cedar tops their <i>eyries</i> build.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ey"sell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Eisel</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p></p>
<p><! p. 535 !></p>

<p><point26>F.</point26></p>

<p><hw>F</hw> (&ebreve;f). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>F is the sixth
letter of the English alphabet, and a nonvocal consonant. Its form
and sound are from the Latin. The Latin borrowed the form from the
Greek digamma &?;, which probably had the value of English <i>w</i>
consonant. The form and value of Greek letter came from the
Ph&oelig;nician, the ultimate source being probably Egyptian.
Etymologically <i>f</i> is most closely related to <i>p</i>,
<i>k</i>, <i>v</i>, and <i>b</i>; as in E. <i>f</i>ive, Gr.
<grk>pe`nte</grk>; E. wol<i>f</i>, L. lu<i>p</i>us, Gr.
<grk>ly`kos</grk>; E. <i>f</i>ox, <i>v</i>ixen ; <i>f</i>ragile,
<i>b</i>reak; <i>f</i>ruit, <i>b</i>rook, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>; E.
<i>b</i>ear, L. <i>f</i>erre. See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>,
&sect;&sect; 178, 179, 188, 198, 230.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The name of the fourth tone
of the model scale, or scale of C. F sharp (F &sharp;) is a tone
intermediate between F and G.</def></p>

<p><col><b>F clef</b></col>, <cd>the bass clef. See under
<u>Clef</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fa</hw> (f&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A syllable applied to the fourth tone of the
diatonic scale in solmization.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
tone F.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*ba"ceous</hw> (f&adot;*b&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fabaceus</i>, fr. <i>faba</i> bean.]
<def>Having the nature of a bean; like a bean.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fa*bel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fabellae</b></plw> (-l&?;). [NL., dim. of L. <i>faba</i> a
bean.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the small sesamoid bones situated
behind the condyles of the femur, in some mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"bi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Fabianus</i>,
<i>Fabius</i>, belonging to Fabius.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or in
the manner of, the Roman general, Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus;
cautious; dilatory; avoiding a decisive contest.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fabian policy</b></col>, <cd>a policy like that of Fabius
Maximus, who, by carefully avoiding decisive contests, foiled
Hannibal, harassing his army by marches, countermarches, and
ambuscades; a policy of delays and cautions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ble</hw> (f&amacr;"b'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>fabula</i>, fr. <i>fari</i> to speak, say. See <u>Ban</u>, and cf.
<u>Fabulous</u>, <u>Fame</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Feigned
story or tale, intended to instruct or amuse; a fictitious narration
intended to enforce some useful truth or precept; an apologue. See
the Note under <u>Apologue</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jotham's <i>fable</i> of the trees is the oldest
extant.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The plot, story, or connected series of
events, forming the subject of an epic or dramatic poem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moral is the first business of the poet; this
being formed, he contrives such a design or <i>fable</i> as may be
most suitable to the moral.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any story told to excite wonder; common
talk; the theme of talk.</def> "Old wives' <i>fables</i>. "  <i>1
Tim. iv. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We grew<BR>
The <i>fable</i> of the city where we dwelt.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fiction; untruth; falsehood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It would look like a <i>fable</i> to report that this
gentleman gives away a great fortune by secret methods.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fabled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fabling</u> (?).] <def>To compose fables; hence, to write or speak
fiction ; to write or utter what is not true.</def> "He <i>Fables</i>
not."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Vain now the tales which <i>fabling</i> poets
tell.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>fables</i>, yet speaks truth.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To feign; to invent;
to devise, and speak of, as true or real; to tell of
falsely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hell thou <i>fablest</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"bler</hw> (f&amacr;"bl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A writer of fables; a fabulist; a dealer in untruths or
falsehoods.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fa`bli`au"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fabliaux</b></plw> (-&osl;"). [F., fr. OF. <i>fablel</i>,
dim. of <i>fable</i> a fable.] <i>(Fr. Lit.)</i> <def>One of the
metrical tales of the Trouv&egrave;res, or early poets of the north
of France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fab"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fabrica</i>
fabric, workshop: cf. F. <i>fabrique</i> fabric. See <u>Forge</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The structure of anything; the manner in
which the parts of a thing are united; workmanship; texture; make; as
cloth of a beautiful <i>fabric</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is fabricated</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Framework; structure; edifice;
building.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anon out of the earth a <i>fabric</i> huge<BR>
Rose like an exhalation.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Cloth of any kind that is woven or knit
from fibers, either vegetable or animal; manufactured cloth; as,
silks or other <i>fabrics</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of constructing;
construction.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tithe was received by the bishop, . . . for the
<i>fabric</i> of the churches for the poor.</blockquote>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any system or structure consisting of
connected parts; as, the <i>fabric</i> of the universe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole vast <i>fabric</i> of society.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fab"ric</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fabricked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fabricking</u>.] <def>To frame; to build; to construct.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Fabric</i> their mansions."  <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fab"ri*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>One who
fabricates; a manufacturer.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fab"ri*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fabricated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fabricating</u> (?).] [L. <i>fabricatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>fabricari</i>, <i>fabricare</i>, to frame, build, forge, fr.
<i>fabrica</i>. See <u>Fabric</u>, <u>Farge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To form into a whole by uniting its parts; to frame; to
construct; to build; as, to <i>fabricate</i> a bridge or
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form by art and labor; to manufacture;
to produce; as, to <i>fabricate</i> woolens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To invent and form; to forge; to devise
falsely; as, to <i>fabricate</i> a lie or story.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our books were not <i>fabricated</i> with an
accomodation to prevailing usages.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fab`ri*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fabricatio</i>; cf. F. <i>fabrication</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of fabricating, framing, or constructing; construction;
manufacture; as, the <i>fabrication</i> of a bridge, a church, or a
government.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is fabricated; a falsehood; as,
the story is doubtless a <i>fabrication</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Fiction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fab"ri*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
fabricates; one who constructs or makes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fabricator</i> of the works of
Ossian.</blockquote> <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fab"ri*ca`tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman
who fabricates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fab"rile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fabrilis</i>,
fr. <i>faber</i> workman. See <u>Forge</u>.] <def>Pertaining to a
workman, or to work in stone, metal, wood etc.; as, <i>fabrile</i>
skill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fab"u*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fabuliste</i>, fr. L. <i>fabula</i>. See <u>Fable</u>.] <def>One
who invents or writes fables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fab"u*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fabulized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fabulizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>fabuliser</i>. See
<u>Fable</u>.] <def>To invent, compose, or relate fables or
fictions.</def>  <i>G. S. Faber.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fab`u*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fabulositas</i>: cf. F. <i>fabulosit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fabulousness.</def> [R.]  <i>Abp.
Abbot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fabulous or fictitious story.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fab"u*lous</hw> (f&abreve;b"&usl;*l&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fabulosus</i>; cf. F. <i>fabuleux</i>.
See <u>Fable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Feigned, as a story or
fable; related in fable; devised; invented; not real; fictitious; as,
a <i>fabulous</i> description; a <i>fabulous</i> hero.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fabulous</i> birth of Minerva.</blockquote>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Passing belief; exceedingly great; as, a
<i>fabulous</i> price.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fabulous age</b></col>, <cd>that period in the history of
a nation of which the only accounts are myths and unverified legends;
as, the <i>fabulous</i> age of Greece and Rome.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fab"u*lous*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fab"u*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fab"ur*den</hw> (f&abreve;b"&ubreve;r*d<i>e</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>faux bourdon</i>. See <u>False</u>, and
<u>Burden</u> a verse.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A species of counterpoint with a drone
bass.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A succession of chords of the
sixth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A monotonous refrain.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fac</hw> (f&abreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. of
<i>facsimile</i>.] <def>A large ornamental letter used, esp. by the
early printers, at the commencement of the chapters and other
divisions of a book.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fa`&ccedil;ade"</hw> (f&adot;`s&adot;d" <i>or</i>
f&adot;`s&amacr;d"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>facciata</i>, fr. <i>faccia</i> face, L. <i>facies</i>. See
<u>Face</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The front of a building; esp., the
principal front, having some architectural pretensions. Thus a church
is said to have its <i>fa&ccedil;ade</i> unfinished, though the
interior may be in use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Face</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L. <i>facies</i>
form, shape, face, perh. from <i>facere</i> to make (see
<u>Fact</u>); or perh. orig. meaning <i>appearance</i>, and from a
root meaning <i>to shine</i>, and akin to E. <i>fancy</i>.  Cf.
<u>Facetious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The exterior form or
appearance of anything; that part which presents itself to the view;
especially, the front or upper part or surface; that which
particularly offers itself to the view of a spectator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mist . . . watered the whole <i>face</i> of the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lake Leman wooes me with its crystal
<i>face</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of a body, having several sides,
which may be seen from one point, or which is presented toward a
certain direction; one of the bounding planes of a solid; as, a cube
has six <i>faces</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
principal dressed surface of a plate, disk, or pulley; the principal
flat surface of a part or object.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That
part of the acting surface of a cog in a cog wheel, which projects
beyond the pitch line.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The width of a
pulley, or the length of a cog from end to end; as, a pulley or cog
wheel of ten inches <i>face</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
upper surface, or the character upon the surface, of a type, plate,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The style or cut of a type or
font of type.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Outside appearance; surface show; look;
external aspect, whether natural, assumed, or acquired.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To set a <i>face</i> upon their own malignant
design.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This would produce a new <i>face</i> of things in
Europe.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We wear a <i>face</i> of joy, because<BR>
We have been glad of yore.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That part of the head, esp. of man, in
which the eyes, cheeks, nose, and mouth are situated; visage;
countenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the sweat of thy <i>face</i> shalt thou eat
bread.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iii. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Cast of features; expression of
countenance; look; air; appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We set the best <i>face</i>on it we
could.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Ten degrees in extent of
a sign of the zodiac.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Maintenance of the countenance free from
abashment or confusion; confidence; boldness; shamelessness;
effrontery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the man that has the <i>face</i> to charge
others with false citations.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Presence; sight; front; as in the
phrases, <i>before the face of</i>, in the immediate presence of;
<i>in the face of</i>, before, in, or against the front of; as, to
fly <i>in the face of</i> danger; <i>to the face of</i>, directly to;
<i>from the face of</i>, from the presence of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Mode of regard, whether favorable or
unfavorable; favor or anger; mostly in Scriptural phrases.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord make his <i>face</i> to shine upon
thee.</blockquote> <i>Num. vi. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>face</i> [favor] will I turn also from
them.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. vii. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The end or wall of the
tunnel, drift, or excavation, at which work is progressing or was
last done.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The exact amount expressed
on a bill, note, bond, or other mercantile paper, without any
addition for interest or reduction for discount.</def>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Face</i> is used either adjectively or as part of a
compound; as, <i>face</i> guard or <i>face</i>-guard; <i>face</i>
cloth; <i>face</i> plan or <i>face</i>-plan; <i>face</i> hammer.</p>

<p><col><b>Face ague</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a form of
neuralgia, characterized by acute lancinating pains returning at
intervals, and by twinges in certain parts of the face, producing
convulsive twitches in the corresponding muscles; -- called also
<i>tic douloureux</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Face card</b></col>, <cd>one
of a pack of playing cards on which a human face is represented; the
king, queen, or jack.</cd> -- <col><b>Face cloth</b></col>, <cd>a
cloth laid over the face of a corpse.</cd> -- <col><b>Face
guard</b></col>, <cd>a mask with windows for the eyes, worn by
workman exposed to great heat, or to flying particles of metal,
stone, etc., as in glass works, foundries, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Face
hammer</b></col>, <cd>a hammer having a flat face.</cd> --
<col><b>Face joint</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a joint in the face
of a wall or other structure.</cd> -- <col><b>Face mite</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;ll.)</i>, <cd>a small, elongated mite (<i>Demdex
folliculorum</i>), parasitic in the hair follicles of the face.</cd>
-- <col><b>Face mold</b></col>, <cd>the templet or pattern by which
carpenters, ect., outline the forms which are to be cut out from
boards, sheet metal, ect.</cd> -- <col><b>Face plate</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Turning)</i> <cd>A plate attached to the
spindle of a lathe, to which the work to be turned may be
attached.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A covering plate for an
object, to receive wear or shock.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A true
plane for testing a dressed surface.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Face wheel</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A crown wheel.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A Wheel whose disk
face is adapted for grinding and polishing; a lap.</cd></p>

<p>   <col><b>Cylinder face</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>the
flat part of a steam cylinder on which a slide valve moves.</cd> --
<col><b>Face of an anvil</b></col>, <cd>its flat upper surface.</cd>
-- <col><b>Face of a bastion</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>the part
between the salient and the shoulder angle.</cd> -- <col><b>Face of
coal</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>the principal cleavage plane, at
right angles to the stratification.</cd> -- <col><b>Face of a
gun</b></col>, <cd>the surface of metal at the muzzle.</cd> --
<col><b>Face of a place</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>the front
comprehended between the flanked angles of two neighboring
bastions.</cd> <i>Wilhelm.</i> -- <col><b>Face of a square</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>one of the sides of a battalion when formed in a
square.</cd> -- <col><b>Face of a</b></col> <col><b>watch, clock,
compass, card etc.</b></col>, <cd>the dial or graduated surface on
which a pointer indicates the time of day, point of the compass,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Face to face</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>In the presence of each other; as, to bring the accuser and the
accused <i>face to face</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Without the
interposition of any body or substance.</cd> "Now we see through a
glass darkly; but then <i>face to face</i>." 1 <i>Cor. xiii. 12.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>With the faces or finished surfaces turned
inward or toward one another; <i>vis &agrave; vis</i>; -- opposed to
<i>back to back</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To fly in the face of</b></col>,
<cd>to defy; to brave; to withstand.</cd> -- <col><b>To make a
face</b></col>, <cd>to distort the countenance; to make a
grimace.</cd> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Face</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Faced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Facing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To meet in front; to
oppose with firmness; to resist, or to meet for the purpose of
stopping or opposing; to confront; to encounter; as, to <i>face</i>
an enemy in the field of battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>face</i><BR>
This tempest, and deserve the name of king.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To Confront impudently; to
bully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will neither be <i>faced</i>nor braved.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stand opposite to; to stand with the
face or front toward; to front upon; as, the apartments of the
general <i>faced</i> the park.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gained also with his forces that part of Britain
which <i>faces</i> Ireland.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cover in front, for ornament,
protection, etc.; to put a facing upon; as, a building <i>faced</i>
with marble.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To line near the edge, esp. with a
different material; as, to <i>face</i> the front of a coat, or the
bottom of a dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cover with better, or better appearing,
material than the mass consists of, for purpose of deception, as the
surface of a box of tea, a barrel of sugar, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To make the surface of
(anything) flat or smooth; to dress the face of (a stone, a casting,
etc.); esp., in turning, to shape or smooth the flat surface of, as
distinguished from the cylindrical surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To cause to turn or present a face or
front, as in a particular direction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To face down</b></col>, <cd>to put down by bold or
impudent opposition.</cd> "He <i>faced</i> men <i>down</i>."
<i>Prior.</i> -- <col><b>To face (a thing) out</b></col>, <cd>to
persist boldly or impudently in an assertion or in a line of
conduct.</cd>  "That thinks with oaths <i>to face</i> the matter
<i>out</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Face</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
carry a false appearance; to play the hypocrite.</def> "To lie, to
<i>face</i>, to forge."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn the face; as, to <i>face</i> to
the right or left.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Face</i> about, man; a soldier, and
afraid!</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To present a face or front.</def></p>

<p><hw>Faced</hw> (f&amacr;st), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
(such) a face, or (so many) faces; as, smooth-<i>faced</i>, two-
<i>faced</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"cer</hw> (f&amacr;"s&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who faces; one who puts on a false show;
a bold-faced person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There be no greater talkers, nor boasters, nor
<i>fasers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blow in the face, as in boxing; hence,
any severe or stunning check or defeat, as in controversy.</def>
[Collog.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I should have been a stercoraceous mendicant if I had
hollowed when I got a <i>facer</i>.</blockquote> <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><! p. 536 !></p>

<p><hw>Fac"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>facette</i>, dim.
of <i>face</i> face. See <u>Face</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
little face; a small, plane surface; as, the <i>facets</i> of a
diamond.</def> [Written also <i>facette</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A smooth circumscribed
surface; as, the articular <i>facet</i> of a bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The narrow plane surface
between flutings of a column.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the numerous
small eyes which make up the compound eyes of insects and
crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fac"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Faceted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Faceting</u>.] <def>To cut facets or small faces upon; as, to
<i>facet</i> a diamond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*cete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>facetus</i>
elegant, fine, facetious; akin to <i>facies</i>. See <u>Face</u>, and
cf. <u>Facetious</u>.] <def>Facetious; witty; humorous.</def>
[Archaic]  "A <i>facete</i> discourse."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"How to interpose" with a small, smart remark,
sentiment <i>facete</i>, or unctuous anecdote.</blockquote> <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fa*cete"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fa*cete"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fac"et*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
facets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fa*ce"ti*&aelig;</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.,
fr. <i>facetus</i>. See <u>Facete</u>.] <def>Witty or humorous
writings or saying; witticisms; merry conceits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*ce"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fac&eacute;tieux</i>. See <u>Faceti&aelig;</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Given to wit and good humor; merry; sportive;
jocular; as, a <i>facetious</i> companion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by wit and pleasantry;
exciting laughter; as, a <i>facetious</i> story or reply.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fa*ce"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fa*ce"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fa*cette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Facet</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Face"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The material of
the outside or front side, as of a wall or building;
facing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ci*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See
<u>Fascia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>facialis</i>,
fr. L. <i>facies</i> face : cf. F. <i>facial</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the face; as, the <i>facial</i> artery, vein, or
nerve.</def> -- <wf>Fa"cial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Facial angle</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the angle, in a
skull, included between a straight line (<i>ab</i>, in the
illustrations), from the most prominent part of the forehead to the
front efge of the upper jaw bone, and another (<i>cd</i>) from this
point to the center of the external auditory opening. See <i>Gnathic
index</i>, under <u>Gnathic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ci*end</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From neut. of L.
<i>faciendus</i>, gerundive of <i>facere</i> to do.] <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>The multiplicand. See <u>Facient</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>faciens</i>, --
<i>entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>facere</i> to make, do. See <u>Fact</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who does anything, good or bad; a doer;
an agent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
the variables of a quantic as distinguished from a coefficient.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The multiplier.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The terms <i>facient</i>, <i>faciend</i>, and
<i>factum</i>, may imply that the multiplication involved is not
ordinary multiplication, but is either some specified operation, or,
in general, any mathematical operation. See
<u>Multiplication</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Fa"ci*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from, face. See
<u>Face</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The anterior part of the head; the
face.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The general aspect or habit
of a species, or group of species, esp. with reference to its
adaptation to its environment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The face of a bird, or
the front of the head, excluding the bill.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Facies Hippocratica</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Hippocratic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fac"ile</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>facilis</i>,
prop., capable of being done or made, hence, facile, easy, fr.
<i>facere</i> to make, do: cf. F. <i>facile</i>. Srr <u>Fact</u>, and
cf. <u>Faculty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easy to be done or
performed: not difficult; performable or attainable with little
labor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Order . . . will render the work <i>facile</i> and
delightful.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Easy to be surmounted or removed; easily
conquerable; readily mastered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>facile</i> gates of hell too slightly
barred.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Easy of access or converse; mild;
courteous; not haughty, austere, or distant; affable;
complaisant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I meant she should be courteous, <i>facile</i>,
sweet.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Easily persuaded to good or bad; yielding;
ductile to a fault; pliant; flexible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since Adam, and his <i>facile</i> consort Eve,<BR>
Lost Paradise, deceived by me.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is treating Burns like a child, a person of so
<i>facile</i> a disposition as not to be trusted without a keeper on
the king's highway.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Ready; quick; expert; as, he is
<i>facile</i> in expedients; he wields a <i>facile</i> pen.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fac"ile*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fac"ile*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fa*cil"i*tate</hw> (f&adot;*s&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Facilitated</u> (-t&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Facilitating</u> (-t&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng).] [Cf. F.
<i>faciliter</i>. See <u>Facility</u>.] <def>To make easy or less
difficult; to free from difficulty or impediment; to lessen the labor
of; as, to <i>facilitate</i> the execution of a task.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To invite and <i>facilitate</i> that line of
proceeding which the times call for.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa*cil`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of facilitating or making easy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*cil"i*ty</hw> (f&adot;*s&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Facilities</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z). [L. <i>facilitas</i>, fr. <i>facilis</i> easy: cf. F.
<i>facilit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Facile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being easily performed; freedom from difficulty;
ease; as, the <i>facility</i> of an operation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>facility</i> with which government has been
overturned in France.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ease in performance; readiness proceeding
from skill or use; dexterity; as, practice gives a wonderful
<i>facility</i> in executing works of art.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Easiness to be persuaded; readiness or
compliance; -- usually in a bad sense; pliancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a great error to take <i>facility</i> for good
nature.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Easiness of access; complaisance;
affability.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Offers himself to the visits of a friend with
<i>facility</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which promotes the ease of any action
or course of conduct; advantage; aid; assistance; -- usually in the
plural; as, special <i>facilities</i> for study.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ease; expertness; readiness; dexterity;
complaisance; condescension; affability.  -- <u>Facility</u>,
<u>Expertness</u>, <u>Readiness</u>. These words have in common the
idea of performing any act with ease and promptitude. <i>Facility</i>
supposes a natural or acquired power of dispatching a task with
lightness and ease. <i>Expertness</i> is the kind of facility
acquired by long practice. <i>Readiness</i> marks the promptitude
with which anything is done. A merchant needs great <i>facility</i>
in dispatching business; a banker, great <i>expertness</i> in casting
accounts; both need great <i>readiness</i> in passing from one
employment to another. "The <i>facility</i> which we get of doing
things by a custom of doing, makes them often pass in us without our
notice."  <i>Locke.</i> "The army was celebrated for the
<i>expertness</i> and valor of the soldiers." "A <i>readiness</i> to
obey the known will of God is the surest means to enlighten the mind
in respect to duty."</p>

<p><hw>Fa"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A covering in front, for ornament or other purpose; an exterior
covering or sheathing; as, the <i>facing</i> of an earthen slope, sea
wall, etc. , to strengthen it or to protect or adorn the exposed
surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lining placed near the edge of a garment
for ornament or protection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The finishing of any face
of a wall with material different from that of which it is chiefly
composed, or the coating or material so used.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A powdered substance, as
charcoal, bituminous coal, ect., applied to the face of a mold, or
mixed with the sand that forms it, to give a fine smooth surface to
the casting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<def>The collar and cuffs of a military coat; -- commonly of a color
different from that of the coat.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
movement of soldiers by turning on their heels to the right, left, or
about; -- chiefly in the <i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p><col><b>Facing brick</b></col>, <cd>front or pressed
brick.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fa"cing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a facing
manner or position.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*cin"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>facinorous</i>, from <i>facinus</i> deed, bad deed, from
<i>facere</i> to make, do.] <def>Atrociously wicked.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fa*cin"o*rous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fac"ound</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>faconde</i>, L.
<i>facundia</i>. See <u>Facund</u>.] <def>Speech; eloquence.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>facound</i> eke full womanly and
plain.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fac*sim"i*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Facsimiles</b></plw> (-l&?;z). [L. <i>fac simile</i> make
like; or an abbreviation of <i>factum simile</i> made like;
<i>facere</i> to make + <i>similes</i> like. See <u>Fact</u>, and
<u>Simile</u>.] <def>A copy of anything made, either so as to be
deceptive or so as to give every part and detail of the original; an
exact copy or likeness.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Facsimile telegraph</b></col>, <cd>a telegraphic apparatus
reproducing messages in autograph.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fac*sim"i*le</hw>, (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
a facsimile of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fact</hw> (f&abreve;kt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>factum</i>, fr. <i>facere</i> to make or do.  Cf. <u>Feat</u>,
<u>Affair</u>, <u>Benefit</u>, <u>Defect</u>, <u>Fashion</u>, and
<u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A doing, making, or
preparing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A project for the <i>fact</i> and vending<BR>
Of a new kind of fucus, paint for ladies.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An effect produced or achieved; anything
done or that comes to pass; an act; an event; a
circumstance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What might instigate him to this devilish <i>fact</i>,
I am not able to conjecture.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He who most excels in <i>fact</i> of
arms.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Reality; actuality; truth; as, he, in
<i>fact</i>, excelled all the rest; the <i>fact</i> is, he was
beaten.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The assertion or statement of a thing done
or existing; sometimes, even when false, improperly put, by a
transfer of meaning, for the thing done, or supposed to be done; a
thing supposed or asserted to be done; as, history abounds with false
<i>facts</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not grant the <i>fact</i>.</blockquote> <i>De
Foe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This reasoning is founded upon a <i>fact</i> which is
not true.</blockquote> <i>Roger Long.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>fact</i> has in jurisprudence peculiar uses in
contrast with <i>law</i>; as, attorney at <i>law</i>, and attorney in
<i>fact</i>; issue in <i>law</i>, and issue in <i>fact</i>. There is
also a grand distinction between <i>law</i> and <i>fact</i> with
reference to the province of the judge and that of the jury, the
latter generally determining the <i>fact</i>, the former the
<i>law</i>.  <i>Burrill</i> <i>Bouvier.</i><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><col><b>Accessary before</b></col>, or <col><b>after</b></col>,
<col><b>the fact</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Accessary</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Matter of fact</b></col>, <cd>an actual occurrence; a verity;
used adjectively: of or pertaining to facts; prosaic; unimaginative;
as, a <i>matter-of-fact</i> narration.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Act; deed; performance; event; incident;
occurrence; circumstance.</p>

<p><hw>Fac"tion</hw> (f&abreve;k"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>factio</i> a doing, a company of persons acting together, a
faction: cf. F. <i>faction</i> See <u>Fashion</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Hist.)</i> <def>One of the divisions or
parties of charioteers (distinguished by their colors) in the games
of the circus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A party, in political society, combined or
acting in union, in opposition to the government, or state; --
usually applied to a minority, but it may be applied to a majority; a
combination or clique of partisans of any kind, acting for their own
interests, especially if greedy, clamorous, and reckless of the
common good.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tumult; discord; dissension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They remained at Newbury in great <i>faction</i> among
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Combination; clique; junto. See <u>Cabal</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fac"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>factionnaire</i>, L. <i>factionarius</i> the head of a company of
charioteers.] <def>Belonging to a faction; being a partisan; taking
sides.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Always <i>factionary</i> on the party of your
general.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fac"tion*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a
faction.</def>  <i>Abp. Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fac"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who promotes
faction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fac"tious</hw> (?). <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>factiosus</i>:
cf. F. <i>factieux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Given to faction;
addicted to form parties and raise dissensions, in opposition to
government or the common good; turbulent; seditious; prone to clamor
against public measures or men; -- said of persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Factious</i> for the house of
Lancaster.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to faction; proceeding from
faction; indicating, or characterized by, faction; -- said of acts or
expressions; as, <i>factious</i> quarrels.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Headlong zeal or <i>factious</i> fury.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fac"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Fac"tious-
ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fac*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>factitius</i>, fr. <i>facere</i> to make. See <u>Fact</u>, and cf.
<u>Fetich</u>.] <def>Made by art, in distinction from what is
produced by nature; artificial; sham; formed by, or adapted to, an
artificial or conventional, in distinction from a natural, standard
or rule; not natural; as, <i>factitious</i> cinnabar or jewels; a
<i>factitious</i> taste.</def> -- <wf>Fac-ti"tious*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Fac*ti"tious-ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>He acquires a <i>factitious</i> propensity, he forms
an incorrigible habit, of desultory reading.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unnatural.  -- <u>Factitious</u>, <u>Unnatural</u>.
Anything is <i>unnatural</i> when it departs in any way from its
simple or normal state; it is <i>factitious</i> when it is wrought
out or wrought up by labor and effort, as, a <i>factitious</i>
excitement. An <i>unnatural</i> demand for any article of merchandise
is one which exceeds the ordinary rate of consumption; a factitious
demand is one created by active exertions for the purpose. An
<i>unnatural</i> alarm is one greater than the occasion requires; a
<i>factitious</i> alarm is one wrought up with care and effort.</p>

<p><hw>Fac"ti*tive</hw> (?). <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Fact</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Causing; causative.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Pertaining to that relation
which is proper when the act, as of a transitive verb, is not merely
received by an object, but produces some change in the object, as
when we say, He made the water wine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes the idea of activity in a verb or adjective
involves in it a reference to an effect, in the way of causality, in
the active voice on the immediate objects, and in the passive voice
on the subject of such activity.  This second object is called the
<i>factitive</i> object.</blockquote> <i>J. W. Gibbs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making; having
power to make.</def> [Obs.] "You are . . . <i>factive</i>, not
destructive."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fac"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L., ablative of
<i>factum</i> deed, fact.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>In fact; by the act or
fact.</def></p>

<p><col><b>De facto</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See <u>De
facto</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fac"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>factor</i> a
doer: cf. F. <i>facteur</i> a factor. See <u>Fact</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who transacts business for
another; an agent; a substitute; especially, a mercantile agent who
buys and sells goods and transacts business for others in commission;
a commission merchant or consignee. He may be a home factor or a
foreign factor. He may buy and sell in his own name, and he is
intrusted with the possession and control of the goods; and in these
respects he differs from a broker.</def>  <i>Story.</i>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>factor</i> sends me word, a merchant's fled<BR>
That owes me for a hundred tun of wine.</blockquote>
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A steward or bailiff of an estate.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>One of the elements or
quantities which, when multiplied together, form a product.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the elements, circumstances, or
influences which contribute to produce a result; a
constituent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The materal and dynamical <i>factors</i> of
nutrition.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fac"tor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Factored</u> (-t?rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Factoring</u>.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To resolve (a
quantity) into its factors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fac"tor*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>factorage</i>.] <def>The allowance given to a factor, as a
compensation for his services; -- called also a
<i>commission</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fac"tor*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A factor who
is a woman.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fac*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a factory.</def>  <i>Buchanan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Related to
factorials.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fac*to"ri*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>A name given to the factors of a
continued product when the former are derivable from one and the same
function F(x) by successively imparting a constant increment or
decrement <i>h</i> to the independent variable. Thus the product
<i>F(x).F(x + h).F(x + 2h) . . . F[x + (n-1)h]</i> is called a
<i>factorial term</i>, and its several factors take the name of
<i>factorials</i>.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The product of the consecutive numbers
from unity up to any given number.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fac"tor*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>The act of resolving into factors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fac"tor*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Factorized</u> (-?zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Factorizing</u> (-?"z?ng).] <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To give warning to; -- said of a person in
whose hands the effects of another are attached, the warning being to
the effect that he shall not pay the money or deliver the property of
the defendant in his hands to him, but appear and answer the suit of
the plaintiff.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To attach (the effects
of a debtor) in the hands of a third person ; to garnish. See
<u>Garnish</u>.</def> [Vt. &amp; Conn.]</p>

<p><hw>Fac"tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of a
factor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fac"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Factories</b></plw> (-r&?;z). [Cf. F. <i>factorerie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A house or place where factors, or commercial
agents, reside, to transact business for their employers.</def> "The
Company's <i>factory</i> at Madras."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The body of factors in any place; as, a
chaplain to a British <i>factory</i>.</def>  <i>W. Guthrie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A building, or collection of buildings,
appropriated to the manufacture of goods; the place where workmen are
employed in fabricating goods, wares, or utensils; a manufactory; as,
a cotton <i>factory</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Factory leg</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a variety of
bandy leg, associated with partial dislocation of the tibia, produced
in young children by working in factories.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fac*to"tum</hw> (f&abreve;k*t&omacr;"t&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Factotums</b></plw> (-
t&ubreve;mz). [L., do everything; <i>facere</i> to do + <i>totus</i>
all : cf. F. <i>factotum</i>. See <u>Fact</u>, and <u>Total</u>.]
<def>A person employed to do all kinds of work or business.</def>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fac"tu*al</hw> (f&abreve;k*t&usl;"<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to, or containing, facts.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><! p. 537 !></p>

<p><hw>||Fac"tum</hw> (f&abreve;k"t&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Facta</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Fact</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A man's own act and deed</def>;
particularly: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>Anything
stated and made certain.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Testamentary
Law)</i> <def>The due execution of a will, including everything
necessary to its validity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The product. See
<u>Facient</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fac"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>facture</i> a
making, invoice, L. <i>factura</i> a making. See <u>Fact</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or manner of making or doing
anything; -- now used of a literary, musical, or pictorial
production.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>An invoice or bill of
parcels.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fac"u*l&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., pl.
<i>of facula</i> a little torch.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Groups of
small shining spots on the surface of the sun which are brighter than
the other parts of the photosphere. They are generally seen in the
neighborhood of the dark spots, and are supposed to be elevated
portions of the photosphere.</def>  <i>Newcomb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fac"u*lar</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the facul&aelig;.</def>  <i>R. A.
Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fac"ul*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Faculties</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>facult&?;</i>, L.
<i>facultas</i>, fr. <i>facilis</i> easy (cf. <i>facul</i> easily),
fr. <i>fecere</i> to make. See <u>Fact</u>, and cf. <u>Facility</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ability to act or perform, whether inborn or
cultivated; capacity for any natural function; especially, an
original mental power or capacity for any of the well-known classes
of mental activity; psychical or soul capacity; capacity for any of
the leading kinds of soul activity, as knowledge, feeling, volition;
intellectual endowment or gift; power; as, <i>faculties</i> of the
mind or the soul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But know that in the soul<BR>
Are many lesser <i>faculties</i> that serve<BR>
Reason as chief.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What a piece of work is a man ! how noble in reason !
how infinite in <i>faculty</i> !</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Special mental endowment; characteristic
knack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had a ready <i>faculty</i>, indeed, of escaping
from any topic that agitated his too sensitive and nervous
temperament.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Power; prerogative or attribute of
office.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This Duncan<BR>
Hath borne his <i>faculties</i> so meek.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Privilege or permission, granted by favor
or indulgence, to do a particular thing; authority; license;
dispensation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pope . . . granted him a <i>faculty</i> to set him
free from his promise.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It had not only <i>faculty</i> to inspect all bishops'
dioceses, but to change what laws and statutes they should think fit
to alter among the colleges.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A body of a men to whom any specific right
or privilege is granted; formerly, the graduates in any of the four
departments of a university or college (Philosophy, Law, Medicine, or
Theology), to whom was granted the right of teaching
(<i>profitendi</i> or <i>docendi</i>) in the department in which they
had studied; at present, the members of a profession itself; as, the
medical <i>faculty</i>; the legal <i>faculty</i>, ect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Amer. Colleges)</i> <def>The body of person
to whom are intrusted the government and instruction of a college or
university, or of one of its departments; the president, professors,
and tutors in a college.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dean of faculty</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Dean</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Faculty of advocates</b></col>. <i>(Scot.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Advocate</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Talent; gift; endowment; dexterity; expertness;
cleverness; readiness; ability; knack.</p>

<p><hw>Fac"und</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>facundus</i>,
fr. <i>fari</i> to speak.] <def>Eloquent.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Fa*cun"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>facundiosus</i>.] <def>Eloquement; full of words.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Fa*cun"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>facunditas</i>.] <def>Eloquence; readiness of speech.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Fad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Faddle</u>.] <def>A
hobby ; freak; whim.</def> -- <wf>Fad"dist</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>It is your favorite <i>fad</i> to draw
plans.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Fiddle</u>,
<u>Fiddle-faddle</u>.] <def>To trifle; to toy.</def> -- <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To fondle; to dandle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fade</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., prob. fr. L.
<i>vapidus</i> vapid, or possibly fr,<i>fatuus</i> foolish, insipid.]
<def>Weak; insipid; tasteless; commonplace.</def> [R.] "Passages that
are somewhat <i>fade</i>."  <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His masculine taste gave him a sense of something
<i>fade</i> and ludicrous.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fade</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Faded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fading</u>.] [OE. <i>faden</i>, <i>vaden</i>, prob. fr.
<i>fade</i>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>; cf. Prov. D. <i>vadden</i> to
fade, wither, <i>vaddigh languid</i>, <i>torpid</i>.  Cf.
<u>Fade</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Vade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become fade; to grow weak; to lose strength; to decay; to
perish gradually; to wither, as a plant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth mourneth and <i>fadeth</i>
away.</blockquote> <i>Is. xxiv. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lose freshness, color, or brightness;
to become faint in hue or tint; hence, to be wanting in color.</def>
"Flowers that never <i>fade</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sink away; to disappear gradually; to
grow dim; to vanish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stars shall <i>fade</i> away.</blockquote>
<i>Addison</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He makes a swanlike end,<BR>
<i>Fading</i> in music.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fade</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to wither; to
deprive of freshness or vigor; to wear away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No winter could his laurels <i>fade</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fad"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That has lost
freshness, color, or brightness; grown dim.</def> "His <i>faded</i>
cheek."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the <i>faded</i> moon<BR>
Made a dim silver twilight.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fad"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a faded
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dull room <i>fadedly</i> furnished.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fade"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not liable to fade;
unfading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Father.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fadge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>faden</i>
to flatter, and AS. <i>f&?;gan</i> to join, unit, G.
<i>f&uuml;gen</i>, or AS. <i>&amacr;f&aelig;gian</i> to depict; all
perh. form the same root as E. <i>fair</i>.  Cf. <u>Fair</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Fay</u> to fit.] <def>To fit; to suit; to
agree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall be made, spite of antipathy, to
<i>fadge</i> together.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Well, Sir, how <i>fadges</i> the new design
?</blockquote> <i>Wycherley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fadge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A small flat loaf or thick cake; also, a fagot.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fad"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Losing freshness,
color, brightness, or vigor.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Loss
of color, freshness, or vigor.</def> -- <wf>Fad"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Fad"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fad"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Irish dance; also,
the burden of a song.</def> "<i>Fading</i> is a fine jig." [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fad"me</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fathom.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fad"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Faded.</def> [R.]
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>F&aelig;"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fecal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||F&aelig;"ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>faex</i>, pl. <i>faeces</i>, dregs.] <def>Excrement; ordure; also,
settlings; sediment after infusion or distillation.</def> [Written
also <i>feces</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||F&aelig;c"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Fecula</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"&euml;r*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Fairy.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Faf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Famble</u>,
<u>Maffle</u>.] <def>To stammer.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fag</hw> (f&abreve;g) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A knot or
coarse part in cloth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fag</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fagged</u> (f&abreve;gd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fagging</u> (f&abreve;g"g&ibreve;ng).] [Cf. LG.
<i>fakk</i> wearied, weary, <i>vaak</i> slumber, drowsiness, OFries.
<i>fai</i>, equiv. to <i>f&amacr;ch</i> devoted to death, OS.
<i>f&emacr;gi</i>, OHG. <i>feigi</i>, G. <i>feig</i>, <i>feige</i>,
cowardly, Icel. <i>feigr</i> fated to die, AS. <i>f&aemacr;ge</i>,
Scot. <i>faik</i>, to fail, stop, lower the price; or perh. the same
word as E. <i>flag</i> to droop.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become
weary; to tire.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><blockquote>Creighton withheld his force till the Italian began to
<i>fag</i>.</blockquote> <i>G. Mackenzie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To labor to wearness; to work hard; to
drudge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Read, <i>fag</i>, and subdue this
chapter.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To act as a fag, or perform menial
services or drudgery, for another, as in some English
schools.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To fag out</b></col>, <cd>to become untwisted or frayed,
as the end of a rope, or the edge of canvas.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
tire by labor; to exhaust; as, he was almost <i>fagged</i>
out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that fatigues.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is such a <i>fag</i>, I came back tired to
death.</blockquote> <i>Miss Austen.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Brain fag</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cerebropathy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fag"-end"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An end of poorer quality, or in a spoiled condition, as the
coarser end of a web of cloth, the untwisted end of a rope,
ect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The refuse or meaner part of
anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fag-end</i> of business.</blockquote>
<i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fag"ging</hw> (f&abreve;g"g&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Laborious drudgery; esp., the acting as a drudge for another at
an English school.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fag"ot</hw> (f&abreve;g"&ubreve;t) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
prob. aug. of L. <i>fax</i>, <i>facis</i>, torch, perh. orig., a
bundle of sticks; cf. Gr. <grk>fa`kelos</grk> bundle, fagot.  Cf.
<u>Fagotto</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bundle of sticks, twigs,
or small branches of trees, used for fuel, for raising batteries,
filling ditches, or other purposes in fortification; a fascine.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bundle of pieces of wrought iron to be
worked over into bars or other shapes by rolling or hammering at a
welding heat; a pile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A bassoon. See
<u>Fagotto</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person hired to take the place of
another at the muster of a company.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An old shriveled woman.</def> [Slang,
Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Fagot iron</b></col>, <cd>iron, in bars or masses,
manufactured from fagots.</cd> -- <col><b>Fagot vote</b></col>,
<cd>the vote of a person who has been constituted a voter by being
made a landholder, for party purposes.</cd> [Political cant,
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Fag"ot</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fagoted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fagoting</u>.] <def>To make a fagot of; to bind together in a
fagot or bundle; also, to collect promiscuously.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fa*got"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Fagot</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The bassoon; -- so called from
being divided into parts for ease of carriage, making, as it were, a
small fagot.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fa"ham</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The leaves of an
orchid (<i>Angraecum fragrans</i>), of the islands of Bourbon and
Mauritius, used (in France) as a substitute for Chinese
tea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fahl"band`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>fahl</i> dun-colored + <i>band</i> a band.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
stratum in crystalline rock, containing metallic sulphides.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fahl"erz</hw> (?), <hw>Fahl"band</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>fahlerz</i>; <i>fahl</i> dun-colored,
fallow + <i>erz</i> ore.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Tetrahedrite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fah"lun*ite</hw> (f&auml;"l&ubreve;n*&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Fahlun</i>, a place in Sweden.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrated silica of alumina, resulting from the
alteration of iolite.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Fah"ren*heit</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [G.]
<def>Conforming to the scale used by Gabriel Daniel <i>Fahrenheit</i>
in the graduation of his thermometer; of or relating to Fahrenheit's
thermometric scale.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Fahrenheit
thermometer or scale.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Fahrenheit thermometer</i> is so graduated that the
freezing point of water is at 32 degrees above the zero of its scale,
and the boiling point at 212 degrees above. It is commonly used in
the United States and in England.</p>

<p><hw>||Fa`&iuml;*ence"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>Faenza</i>, a town in Italy, the original place of manufacture.]
<def>Glazed earthenware; esp., that which is decorated in
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fail</hw> (f&amacr;l) <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Failed</u> (f&amacr;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Failing</u>.] [F. <i>failir</i>, fr. L.
<i>fallere</i>, <i>falsum</i>, to deceive, akin to E. <i>fall</i>.
See <u>Fail</u>, and cf. <u>Fallacy</u>, <u>False</u>, <u>Fault</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be wanting; to fall short; to be or become
deficient in any measure or degree up to total absence; to cease to
be furnished in the usual or expected manner, or to be altogether cut
off from supply; to be lacking; as, streams <i>fail</i>; crops
<i>fail</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the waters <i>fail</i> from the sea.</blockquote>
<i>Job xiv. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Till Lionel's issue <i>fails</i>, his should not
reign.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be affected with want; to come short;
to lack; to be deficient or unprovided; -- used with
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If ever they <i>fail</i> of beauty, this failure is
not be attributed to their size.</blockquote> <i>Berke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fall away; to become diminished; to
decline; to decay; to sink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When earnestly they seek<BR>
Such proof, conclude they then begin to <i>fail</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To deteriorate in respect to vigor,
activity, resources, etc.; to become weaker; as, a sick man
<i>fails</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To perish; to die; -- used of a
person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Had the king in his last sickness
<i>failed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To be found wanting with respect to an
action or a duty to be performed, a result to be secured, etc.; to
miss; not to fulfill expectation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take heed now that ye <i>fail</i> not to do
this.</blockquote> <i>Ezra iv. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Either my eyesight <i>fails</i>, or thou look'st
pale.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To come short of a result or object aimed
at or desired ; to be baffled or frusrated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our envious foe hath <i>failed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To err in judgment; to be
mistaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which ofttimes may succeed, so as perhaps<BR>
Shall grieve him, if I <i>fail</i> not.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To become unable to meet one's
engagements; especially, to be unable to pay one's debts or discharge
one's business obligation; to become bankrupt or insolvent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fail</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be wanting to ; to be insufficient for; to disappoint; to
desert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There shall not <i>fail</i> thee a man on the
throne.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings ii. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To miss of attaining; to lose.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though that seat of earthly bliss be
<i>failed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>faille</i>, from
<i>failir</i>. See <u>Fail</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Miscarriage; failure; deficiency; fault; --
mostly superseded by <i>failure</i> or <i>failing</i>, except in the
phrase <i>without fail</i>.</def> "His highness' <i>fail</i> of
issue."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Death; decease.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fail"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of.
<i>faillance</i>, fr. <i>faillir</i>.] <def>Fault; failure;
omission.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fail"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
failing short; a becoming deficient; failure; deficiency;
imperfection; weakness; lapse; fault; infirmity; as, a mental
<i>failing</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And ever in her mind she cast about<BR>
For that unnoticed <i>failing</i> in herself.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of becoming insolvent of
bankrupt.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Fault</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Faille</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A soft silk,
heavier than a foulard and not glossy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fail"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Fail</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cessation of supply, or total defect; a
failing; deficiency; as, <i>failure</i> of rain; <i>failure</i> of
crops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Omission; nonperformance; as, the
<i>failure</i> to keep a promise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Want of success; the state of having
failed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Decay, or defect from decay;
deterioration; as, the <i>failure</i> of memory or of
sight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A becoming insolvent; bankruptcy;
suspension of payment; as, <i>failure</i> in business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A failing; a slight fault.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fain</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fain</i>,
<i>fagen</i>, AS. <i>f&aelig;gen</i>; akin to OS. <i>fagan</i>, Icel.
<i>faginn</i> glad; AS. <i>f&aelig;gnian</i> to rejoice, OS.
<i>fagan&omacr;n</i>, Icel. <i>fagna</i>, Goth. <i>fagin&omacr;n</i>,
cf. Goth. <i>fah&emacr;ds</i> joy; and fr. the same root as E.
<i>fair</i>. Srr <u>Fair</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Fawn</u> to court favor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Well-pleased;
glad; apt; wont; fond; inclined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men and birds are <i>fain</i> of climbing
high.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To a busy man, temptation is <i>fain</i>to climb up
together with his business.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Satisfied; contented; also,
constrained.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The learned Castalio was <i>fain</i> to make trechers
at Basle to keep himself from starving.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fain</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With joy; gladly; --
with <i>wold</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would <i>fain</i> have filled his belly with the
husks that the swine did eat.</blockquote> <i>Luke xv. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fain</i> Would I woo her, yet I dare
not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To be glad ; to
wish or desire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whoso fair thing does <i>fain</i> to see.</blockquote>
<i>Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fai`n&eacute;`ant"</hw> (f&asl;`n&asl;`&auml;N"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.; <i>fait</i> he does + <i>n&eacute;ant</i>
nothing.] <def>Doing nothing; shiftless.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A do-nothing; an idle fellow; a
sluggard.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Faint</hw> (f&amacr;nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Fainter</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Faintest</u>.] [OE. <i>feint</i>,
<i>faint</i>, false, faint, F. <i>feint</i>, p. p. of <i>feindre</i>
to feign, suppose, hesitate. See <u>Feign</u>, and cf. <u>Feint</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lacking strength; weak; languid; inclined to
swoon; as, <i>faint</i> with fatigue, hunger, or thirst.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in courage, spirit, or energy;
timorous; cowardly; dejected; depressed; as, "<i>Faint</i> heart
ne'er won fair lady."</def>  <i>Old Proverb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lacking distinctness; hardly perceptible;
striking the senses feebly; not bright, or loud, or sharp, or
forcible; weak; as, a <i>faint</i> color, or sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Performed, done, or acted, in a weak or
feeble manner; not exhibiting vigor, strength, or energy; slight; as,
<i>faint</i> efforts; <i>faint</i> resistance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>faint</i> prosecution of the war.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Faint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of fainting, or
the state of one who has fainted; a swoon. [R.] See <u>Fainting</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>The saint,<BR>
Who propped the Virgin in her <i>faint</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Faint</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fainted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fainting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become weak or wanting
in vigor; to grow feeble; to lose strength and color, and the control
of the bodily or mental functions; to swoon; -- sometimes with
<i>away</i>. See <u>Fainting</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hearing the honor intended her, she <i>fainted</i>
away.</blockquote> <i>Guardian.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I send them away fasting . . . they will
<i>faint</i> by the way.</blockquote> <i>Mark viii. 8.</i></p>

<p><! p. 538 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sink into dejection; to lose courage or
spirit; to become depressed or despondent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou <i>faint</i> in the day of adversity, thy
strength is small.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxiv. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To decay; to disappear; to
vanish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gilded clouds, while we gaze upon them, <i>faint</i>
before the eye.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Faint</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to faint
or become dispirited; to depress; to weaken.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>faints</i> me to think what
follows.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Faint"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting in
courage; depressed by fear; easily discouraged or frightened;
cowardly; timorous; dejected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear not, neither be <i>faint-
hearted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is. vii. 4.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Faint"-heart`ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Faint"-heart`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Faint"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Syncope, or loss
of consciousness owing to a sudden arrest of the blood supply to the
brain, the face becoming pallid, the respiration feeble, and the
heat's beat weak.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fainting fit</b></col>, <cd>a fainting or swoon;
syncope.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Faint"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slightly faint;
somewhat faint.</def> -- <wf>Faint"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Faint"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Timorous;
feeble-minded.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>fainting</i>, silly creature."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Faint"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a faint, weak,
or timidmanner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Faint"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being faint; loss of strength, or of consciousness,
and self-control.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of vigor or energy.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Feebleness, as of color or light; lack of
distinctness; as, <i>faintness</i> of description.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Faint-heartedness; timorousness;
dejection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will send a <i>faintness</i> into their
hearts.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xxvi. 36.</i></p>

<p><hw>Faints</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The impure
spirit which comes over first and last in the distillation of whisky;
-- the former being called the <i>strong faints</i>, and the latter,
which is much more abundant, the <i>weak faints</i>. This crude
spirit is much impregnated with fusel oil.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Faint"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Feeble;
languid.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fair</hw> (f&acirc;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Fairer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Fairest</u>.] [OE. <i>fair</i>,
<i>fayer</i>, <i>fager</i>, AS. <i>f&aelig;ger</i>; akin to OS. &
OHG. <i>fagar</i>, Icel. <i>fagr</i>, Sw. <i>fager</i>, Dan.
<i>faver</i>, Goth. <i>fagrs</i> fit, also to E. <i>fay</i>, G.
<i>f&uuml;gen</i>, to fit. <i>fegen</i> to sweep, cleanse, and prob.
also to E. <i>fang</i>, <i>peace</i>, <i>pact</i>, Cf. <u>Fang</u>,
<u>Fain</u>, <u>Fay</u> to fit.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from
spots, specks, dirt, or imperfection; unblemished; clean;
pure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>fair</i> white linen cloth.</blockquote> <i>Book
of Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing to the eye; handsome;
beautiful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who can not see many a <i>fair</i> French city, for
one <i>fair</i> French made.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without a dark hue; light; clear; as, a
<i>fair</i> skin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The northern people large and <i>fair</i>-
complexioned.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not overcast; cloudless; clear; pleasant;
propitious; favorable; -- said of the sky, weather, or wind, etc.;
as, a <i>fair</i> sky; a <i>fair</i> day.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You wish <i>fair</i> winds may waft him
over.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Free from obstacles or hindrances;
unobstructed; unincumbered; open; direct; -- said of a road, passage,
etc.; as, a <i>fair</i> mark; in <i>fair</i> sight; a <i>fair</i>
view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The caliphs obtained a mighty empire, which was in a
<i>fair</i> way to have enlarged.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>Without sudden
change of direction or curvature; smooth; flowing; -- said of the
figure of a vessel, and of surfaces, water lines, and other
lines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by frankness, honesty,
impartiality, or candor; open; upright; free from suspicion or bias;
equitable; just; -- said of persons, character, or conduct; as, a
<i>fair</i> man; <i>fair</i> dealing; a <i>fair</i> statement.</def>
"I would call it <i>fair</i> play."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing; favorable; inspiring hope and
confidence; -- said of words, promises, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>fair</i> words and good counsel will not
prevail on us, we must be frighted into our duty.</blockquote> <i>L'
Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Distinct; legible; as, <i>fair</i>
handwriting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Free from any marked characteristic;
average; middling; so-so; as, a <i>fair</i> specimen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The news is very <i>fair</i> and good, my
lord.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fair ball</b></col>. <i>(Baseball)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A ball passing over the home base at the height called for by the
batsman, and delivered by the pitcher while wholly within the lines
of his position and facing the batsman.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A batted ball that falls inside the foul lines; -- called also a
<i>fair hit</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fair maid</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The European pilchard
(<i>Clupea pilchardus</i>) when dried.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The southern scup (<i>Stenotomus Gardeni</i>).</cd> [Virginia] --
<col><b>Fair one</b></col>, <cd>a handsome woman; a beauty,</cd> --
<col><b>Fair play</b></col>, <cd>equitable or impartial treatment; a
fair or equal chance; justice.</cd> -- <col><b>From fair to
middling</b></col>, <cd>passable; tolerable.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>The fair sex</b></col>, <cd>the female sex.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Candid; open; frank; ingenuous; clear; honest;
equitable; impartial; reasonable. See <u>Candid</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fair</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Clearly; openly;
frankly; civilly; honestly; favorably; auspiciously;
agreeably.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fair and square</b></col>, <cd>justly; honestly;
equitably; impartially.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To bid
fair</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To speak
fair</b></col>, <cd>to address with courtesy and frankness.</cd>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Fair</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fairness, beauty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fair woman; a sweetheart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have found out a gift for my
<i>fair</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Good fortune; good luck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>fair</i> befall thee !</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The fair</b></col>, <cd>anything beautiful; women,
collectively.</cd> "For slander's mark was ever yet <i>the fair</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fair</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make fair or beautiful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fairing</i> the foul.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>To make smooth and
flowing, as a vessel's lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fair</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>feire</i>, OF.
<i>feire</i>, F. <i>foire</i>, fr. L. <i>fariae</i>, pl., days of
rest, holidays, festivals, akin to <i>festus</i> festal. See
<u>Feast</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gathering of buyers and
sellers, assembled at a particular place with their merchandise at a
stated or regular season, or by special appointment, for
trade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A festival, and sale of fancy articles.
erc., usually for some charitable object; as, a Grand Army
<i>fair</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A competitive exhibition of wares, farm
products, etc., not primarily for purposes of sale; as, the
Mechanics' <i>fair</i>; an agricultural <i>fair</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>After the fair</b></col>, <cd>Too late.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fair"-haired`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having fair
or light-colored hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fair"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fairness;
beauty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fair"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of a fairy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Numerous as shadows haunting <i>fairily</i><BR>
<i>The brain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fair"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A present;
originally, one given or purchased at a fair.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fairing box</b></col>, <cd>a box receiving savings or
small sums of money.</cd>  <i>Hannah More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fair"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tolerably fair.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fair"-lead`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A block, or ring, serving as a guide for the running rigging or
for any rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fair"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a fair manner; clearly; openly; plainly; fully; distinctly;
frankly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even the nature of Mr. Dimmesdale's disease had never
<i>fairly</i> been revealed to him.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Favorably; auspiciously; commodiously; as,
a town <i>fairly</i> situated for foreign trade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Honestly; properly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such means of comfort or even luxury, as lay
<i>fairly</i> within their grasp.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Softly; quietly; gently.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fair"-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unprejudiced; just; judicial; honest.</def> -- <wf>Fair"-
mind`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fair"-na`tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Well-
disposed.</def> "A <i>fair-natured</i> prince."  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fair"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
fair, or free form spots or stains, as of the skin; honesty, as of
dealing; candor, as of an argument, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fair"-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Using fair
speech, or uttered with fairness; bland; civil; courteous;
plausible.</def> "A marvelous <i>fair-spoken</i> man."
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fair"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The navigable
part of a river, bay, etc., through which vessels enter or depart;
the part of a harbor or channel ehich is kept open and unobstructed
for the passage of vessels.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fair"-weath`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made or done in pleasant weather, or in
circumstances involving but little exposure or sacrifice; as, a
<i>fair-weather</i> voyage.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Appearing only when times or circumstances
are prosperous; as, a <i>fair-weather</i> friend.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fair-weather sailor</b></col>, <cd>a make-believe or
inexperienced sailor; -- the nautical equivalent of <i>carpet
knight</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fair"-world`</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
prosperity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They think it was never <i>fair-world</i> with them
since.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fair"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fairies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>fairie</i>, <i>faierie</i>,
enchantment, fairy folk, fairy, OF. <i>faerie</i> enchantment, F.
<i>f&eacute;er</i>, fr. LL. <i>Fata</i> one of the goddesses of fate.
See <u>Fate</u>, and cf. <u>Fay</u> a fairy.] [Written also
<i>fa&euml;ry</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Enchantment;
illusion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The God of her has made an end,<BR>
And fro this worlde's <i>fairy</i><BR>
Hath taken her into company.</blockquote> <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The country of the fays; land of
illusions.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He [Arthur] is a king y-crowned in
<i>Fairy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An imaginary supernatural being or spirit,
supposed to assume a human form (usually diminutive), either male or
female, and to meddle for good or evil in the affairs of mankind; a
fay. See <u>Elf</u>, and <u>Demon</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fourth kind of spirit [is] called the
<i>Fairy</i>.</blockquote> <i>K. James.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And now about the caldron sing,<BR>
Like elves and <i>fairies</i> in a ring.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An enchantress.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fairy of the mine</b></col>, <cd>an imaginary being
supposed to inhabit mines, etc. German folklore tells of two species;
one fierce and malevolent, the other gentle, See
<u>Kobold</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>No goblin or swart <i>fairy of the mine</i><BR>
Hath hurtful power over true virginity.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fair"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to fairies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given by fairies; as, <i>fairy</i>
money.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fairy bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
Euoropean little tern (<i>Sterna minuta</i>); -- called also <i>sea
swallow</i>, and <i>hooded tern</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fairy
bluebird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Bluebird</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fairy martin</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European swallow (<i>Hirrundo ariel</i>)
that builds flask-shaped nests of mud on overhanging cliffs.</cd> --
<col><b>Fairy</b></col> <col><b>rings or circles</b></col>, <cd>the
circles formed in grassy lawns by certain fungi (as <i>Marasmius
Oreades</i>), formerly supposed to be caused by fairies in their
midnight dances.</cd> -- <col><b>Fairy shrimp</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European fresh-water phyllopod crustacean
(<i>Chirocephalus diaphanus</i>); -- so called from its delicate
colors, transparency, and graceful motions. The name is sometimes
applied to similar American species.</cd> -- <col><b>Fairy
stone</b></col> <i>(Paleon.)</i>, <cd>an echinite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fair"y*land`</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The imaginary
land or abode of fairies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fair"y*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
fairy, or what is made or done be fairies; as, <i>fairylike</i>
music.</def></p>

<p><hw>Faith</hw> (f&amacr;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>feith</i>, <i>fayth</i>, <i>fay</i>, OF. <i>feid</i>, <i>feit</i>,
<i>fei</i>, F. <i>foi</i>, fr. L. <i>fides</i>; akin to <i>fidere</i>
to trust, Gr. <grk>pei`qein</grk> to persuade. The ending <i>th</i>
is perhaps due to the influence of such words as <i>truth</i>,
<i>health</i>, <i>wealth</i>. See <u>Bid</u>, <u>Bide</u>, and cf.
<u>Confide</u>, <u>Defy</u>, <u>Fealty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belief; the assent of the mind to the truth of what is declared
by another, resting solely and implicitly on his authority and
veracity; reliance on testimony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The assent of the mind to the statement or
proposition of another, on the ground of the manifest truth of what
he utters; firm and earnest belief, on probable evidence of any kind,
especially in regard to important moral truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Faith</i>, that is, fidelity, -- the fealty of the
finite will and understanding to the reason.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
belief in the historic truthfulness of the Scripture narrative, and
the supernatural origin of its teachings, sometimes called
<i>historical</i> and <i>speculative</i> faith.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The belief in the facts and truth of the
Scriptures, with a practical love of them; especially, that confiding
and affectionate belief in the person and work of Christ, which
affects the character and life, and makes a man a true Christian, --
called a <i>practical</i>, <i>evangelical</i>, or <i>saving</i>
faith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without <i>faith</i> it is impossible to please him
[God].</blockquote> <i>Heb. xi. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>faith</i> of the gospel is that emotion of the
mind which is called "trust" or "confidence" exercised toward the
moral character of God, and particularly of the Savior.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Faith</i> is an affectionate, practical confidence
in the testimony of God.</blockquote> <i>J. Hawes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is believed on any subject,
whether in science, politics, or religion; especially
<i>(Theol.)</i>, a system of religious belief of any kind; as, the
Jewish or Mohammedan <i>faith</i>; and especially, the system of
truth taught by Christ; as, the Christian <i>faith</i>; also, the
creed or belief of a Christian society or church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which to believe of her,<BR>
Must be a <i>faith</i> that reason without miracle<BR>
Could never plant in me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now preacheth the <i>faith</i> which once he
destroyed.</blockquote> <i>Gal. i. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fidelity to one's promises, or allegiance
to duty, or to a person honored and beloved; loyalty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Children in whom is no <i>faith</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. xxvii. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose failing, while her <i>faith</i> to me
remains,<BR>
I should conceal.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Word or honor pledged; promise given;
fidelity; as, he violated his <i>faith</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For you alone<BR>
I broke me <i>faith</i> with injured Palamon.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Credibility or truth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>faith</i> of the foregoing
narrative.</blockquote> <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Act of faith</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Auto-da-
f&eacute;</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Breach of faith</b></col>,
<col><b>Confession of faith</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under
<u>Breach</u>, <u>Confession</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Faith
cure</b></col>, <cd>a method or practice of treating diseases by
prayer and the exercise of faith in God.</cd> -- <col><b>In good
faith</b></col>, <cd>with perfect sincerity.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Faith</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>By my faith; in
truth; verily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Faithed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having faith or a
faith; honest; sincere.</def> [Obs.] "Make thy words <i>faithed</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Faith"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of faith, or having faith; disposed to believe, especially
in the declarations and promises of God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are not <i>faithful</i>, sir.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Firm in adherence to promises, oaths,
contracts, treaties, or other engagements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>faithful</i> God, which keepeth covenant and
mercy with them that love him.</blockquote> <i>Deut. vii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>True and constant in affection or
allegiance to a person to whom one is bound by a vow, by ties of
love, gratitude, or honor, as to a husband, a prince, a friend; firm
in the observance of duty; loyal; of true fidelity; as, a
<i>faithful</i> husband or servant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake the seraph Abdiel, <i>faithful</i> found,<BR>
Among the faithless, <i>faithful</i> only he.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of confidence and belief;
conformable to truth ot fact; exact; accurate; as, a <i>faithful</i>
narrative or representation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a <i>faithful</i> saying.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim.
ii. 11.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The Faithful</b></col>, <cd>the adherents of any system of
religious belief; esp. used as an epithet of the followers of
Mohammed.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Trusty; honest; upright; sincere; veracious;
trustworthy.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Faith"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
<wf>Faith"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Faith"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not believing; not giving credit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not <i>faithless</i>, but believing.</blockquote>
<i>John xx. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not believing on God or religion;
specifically, not believing in the Christian religion.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not observant of promises or
covenants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not true to allegiance, duty, or vows;
perfidious; trecherous; disloyal; not of true fidelity; inconstant,
as a husband or a wife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A most unnatural and <i>faithless</i>
service.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Serving to disappoint or deceive;
delusive; unsatisfying.</def> "Yonder <i>faithless</i> phantom."
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Faith"less*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos><wf>Faith"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fai"tour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>faitor</i> a
doer, L. <i>factor</i>. See <u>Factor</u>.] <def>A doer or actor;
particularly, an evil doer; a scoundrel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lo! <i>faitour</i>, there thy meed unto thee
take.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fake</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot. <i>faik</i>
fold, stratum of stone, AS. <i>f&aelig;c</i> space, interval, G.
<i>fach</i> compartment, partition, row, and E. <i>fay</i> to fit.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of the circles or windings of a cable or
hawser, as it lies in a coil; a single turn or coil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fake</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To coil
(a rope, line, or hawser), by winding alternately in opposite
directions, in layers usually of zigzag or figure of eight form,, to
prevent twisting when running out.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Faking box</b></col>, <cd>a box in which a long rope is
faked; used in the life-saving service for a line attached to a
shot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fake</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. <i>faigh</i> to
get, acquire, reach, or OD. <i>facken</i> to catch or gripe.]
[<i>Slang in all its senses.</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cheat;
to swindle; to steal; to rob.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make; to construct; to do.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To manipulate fraudulently, so as to make
an object appear better or other than it really is; as, to
<i>fake</i> a bulldog, by burning his upper lip and thus artificially
shortening it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trick; a swindle.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Fa"kir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>faq&imacr;r</i>
poor.] <def>An Oriental religious ascetic or begging monk.</def>
[Written also <i>faquir</i> anf <i>fakeer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Fa"la*na"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A viverrine mammal of Madagascar
(<i>Eupleres Goudotii</i>), allied to the civet; -- called also
<i>Falanouc</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal*cade"</hw> (f&abreve;l*k&amacr;d"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., ultimately fr. L. <i>falx</i>, <i>falcis</i>, a sickle or
scythe.] <i>(Man.)</i> <def>The action of a horse, when he throws
himself on his haunches two or three times, bending himself, as it
were, in very quick curvets.</def>  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><! p. 539 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fal"cate</hw> (?), <hw>Fal"ca*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>falcatus</i>, fr. <i>falx</i>,
<i>falcis</i>, a sickle or scythe.] <def>Hooked or bent like a
sickle; as, a <i>falcate</i> leaf; a <i>falcate</i> claw; -- said
also of the moon, or a planet, when horned or crescent-
formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being falcate; a bend in the form of a sickle.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>falx</i>,
<i>falcis</i>, a sickle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
mandibles of a spider.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"chion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fauchon</i>,
OF. <i>fauchon</i>, LL. <i>f&auml;lcio</i>, fr. L.  <i>falx</i>,
<i>falcis</i>, a sickle, cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; a ship's rib,
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; bandy-legged; perh, akin to E. <i>falcon</i>; cf.
It. <i>falcione</i>.  Cf. <u>Defalcation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A broad-bladed sword, slightly curved, shorter and lighter than
the ordinary sword; -- used in the Middle Ages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A name given generally and poetically to a
sword, especially to the swords of Oriental and fabled
warriors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal*cid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Falcidius</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Publius Falcidius, a
Roman tribune.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Falcidian law</b></col> <i>(Civil Law)</i>, <cd>a law by
which a testator was obliged to leave at least a fourth of his estate
to the heir.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>falx</i>,
<i>falcis</i>, a sickle + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>falciforme</i>.]
<def>Having the shape of a scithe or sickle; resembling a reaping
hook; as, the <i>falciform</i> ligatment of the liver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>faucon</i>,
<i>faucoun</i>, OF. <i>faucon</i>, <i>falcon</i>, &?;. <i>faucon</i>,
fr. LL. <i>falco</i>, perh. from L. <i>falx, falcis</i>, a sickle or
scythe, and named from its curving talons.  Cf. <u>Falchion</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of a family (<i>Falconid&aelig;</i>) of raptorial birds,
characterized by a short, hooked beak, strong claws, and powerful
flight.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any species of the genus
<i>Falco</i>, distinguished by having a toothlike lobe on the upper
mandible; especially, one of this genus trained to the pursuit of
other birds, or game.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the language of falconry, the female peregrine
(<i>Falco peregrinus</i>) is exclusively called the
<i>falcon</i>.</blockquote> <i>Yarrell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>An ancient form of
cannon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chanting falcon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Chanting</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fal"con*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>fauconer</i>, OF. <i>falconier</i>, <i>fauconier</i>, F.
<i>fauconnier</i>. See <u>Falcon</u>.] <def>A person who breeds or
trains hawks for taking birds or game; one who follows the sport of
fowling with hawks.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"co*net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>falcon</i>: cf. F. <i>fauconneau</i>, LL. <i>falconeta</i>,
properly, a young falcon.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the smaller
cannon used in the 15th century and later.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One of several very small Asiatic falcons of the genus
<i>Microhierax</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of a group of
Australian birds of the genus <i>Falcunculus</i>, resembling shrikes
and titmice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"con*gen`til</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>faucon-
gentil</i>. See <u>Falcon</u>, and <u>Genteel</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The female or young of the goshawk (<i>Astur
palumbarius</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"co*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like a falcon or hawk; belonging to the
<i>Falconid&aelig;</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"con*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fauconnerie</i>. See <u>Falcon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
art of training falcons or hawks to pursue and attack wild fowl or
game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sport of taking wild fowl or game by
means of falcons or hawks.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fal"cu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a small
sickle, a billhook.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A curved and sharp-
pointed claw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Curved and sharppointed, like a falcula, or claw of a
falcon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fald"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>faldagium</i>,
fr. AS. <i>fald</i>, E. <i>fold</i>.  Cf. <u>Foldage</u>.] <i>(O.
Eng. Law)</i> <def>A privilege of setting up, and moving about, folds
for sheep, in any fields within manors, in order to manure them; --
often reserved to himself by the lord of the manor.</def>
<i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fald"fee`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fald</i> (E.
<i>fold</i>) + E. <i>fee</i>. See <u>Faldage</u>.] <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>A fee or rent paid by a tenant for the privilege of
faldage on his own ground.</def>  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fald"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A frieze or rough-
napped cloth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fal"dis*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>faldistorium</i>, <i>faldestorium</i>, from OHG. <i>faldstuol</i>;
<i>faldan</i>, <i>faltan</i>, to fold (G. <i>falten</i>) +
<i>stuol</i> stool. So called because it could be folded or laid
together. See <u>Fold</u>, and <u>Stool</u>, and cf.
<u>Faldstool</u>, <u>Fauteuil</u>.] <def>The throne or seat of a
bishop within the chancel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fald"stool`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Faldistory</u>.] <def>A folding stool, or portable seat, made to
fold up in the manner of a camo stool. It was formerly placed in the
choir for a bishop, when he offciated in any but his own cathedral
church.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the modern practice of the Church of England, the term
<i>faldstool</i> is given to the reading desk from which the litany
is read. This esage is a relic of the ancient use of a lectern
folding like a camp stool.</p>

<p><hw>Fa*ler"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Mount Falernus, in Italy; as,
<i>Falernian</i>wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Falk</hw> (f&add;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The razorbill.</def> [Written also <i>falc</i>, and
<i>faik</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Fall</hw> (f&add;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Fell</u> (f&ebreve;l); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fallen</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Falling</u>.] [AS. <i>feallan</i>; akin to D. <i>vallen</i>, OS. &
OHG. <i>fallan</i>, G. <i>fallen</i>, Icel. <i>Falla</i>, Sw.
<i>falla</i>, Dan. <i>falde</i>, Lith. <i>pulti</i>, L.
<i>fallere</i> to deceive, Gr. <grk>sfa`llein</grk> to cause to fall,
Skr. <i>sphal</i>, <i>sphul</i>, to tremble.  Cf. <u>Fail</u>,
<u>Fell</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, to cause to fall.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To Descend, either suddenly or gradually;
particularly, to descend by the force of gravity; to drop; to sink;
as, the apple <i>falls</i>; the tide <i>falls</i>; the mercury
<i>falls</i> in the barometer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I beheld Satan as lightning <i>fall</i> from
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Luke x. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cease to be erect; to take suddenly a
recumbent posture; to become prostrate; to drop; as, a child totters
and <i>falls</i>; a tree <i>falls</i>; a worshiper <i>falls</i> on
his knees.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>fell</i> at his feet to worship him.</blockquote>
<i>Rev. xix. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To find a final outlet; to discharge its
waters; to empty; -- with <i>into</i>; as, the river Rhone
<i>falls</i> into the Mediterranean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To become prostrate and dead; to die;
especially, to die by violence, as in battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand shall <i>fall</i> at thy side.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xci. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He rushed into the field, and, foremost fighting,
<i>fell</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cease to be active or strong; to die
away; to lose strength; to subside; to become less intense; as, the
wind <i>falls</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To issue forth into life; to be brought
forth; -- said of the young of certain animals.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To decline in power, glory, wealth, or
importance; to become insignificant; to lose rank or position; to
decline in weight, value, price etc.; to become less; as, the price
<i>falls</i>; stocks <i>fell</i> two points.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a poor <i>fallen</i> man, unworthy now<BR>
To be thy lord and master.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The greatness of these Irish lords suddenly
<i>fell</i> and vanished.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To be overthrown or captured; to be
destroyed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven and earth will witness,<BR>
If Rome must <i>fall</i>, that we are innocent.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To descend in character or reputation; to
become degraded; to sink into vice, error, or sin; to depart from the
faith; to apostatize; to sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us labor therefore to enter into that rest, lest
any man <i>fall</i> after the same example of unbelief.</blockquote>
<i>Heb. iv. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To become insnared or embarrassed; to be
entrapped; to be worse off than before; as, to <i>fall</i> into
error; to <i>fall</i> into difficulties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To assume a look of shame or
disappointment; to become or appear dejected; -- said of the
countenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cain was very wroth, and his countenance
<i>fell</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iv. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have observed of late thy looks are
<i>fallen</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To sink; to languish; to become feeble or
faint; as, our spirits rise and <i>fall</i> with our
fortunes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To pass somewhat suddenly, and passively,
into a new state of body or mind; to become; as, to <i>fall</i>
asleep; to <i>fall</i> into a passion; to <i>fall</i> in love; to
<i>fall</i> into temptation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>To happen; to to come to pass; to light;
to befall; to issue; to terminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Romans <i>fell</i> on this model by
chance.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sit still, my daughter, until thou know how the matter
will <i>fall</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ruth. iii. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They do not make laws, they <i>fall</i> into
customs.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>To come; to occur; to arrive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vernal equinox, which at the Nicene Council
<i>fell</i> on the 21st of March, <i>falls</i> now [1694] about ten
days sooner.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>To begin with haste, ardor, or vehemence;
to rush or hurry; as, they <i>fell</i> to blows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They now no longer doubted, but <i>fell</i> to work
heart and soul.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>To pass or be transferred by chance, lot,
distribution, inheritance, or otherwise; as, the estate <i>fell</i>
to his brother; the kingdom <i>fell</i> into the hands of his
rivals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <def>To belong or appertain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If to her share some female errors <i>fall</i>,<BR>
Look on her face, and you'll forget them all.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <def>To be dropped or uttered carelessly; as,
an unguarded expression <i>fell</i> from his lips; not a murmur
<i>fell</i> from him.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To fall abroad of</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to strike
against; -- applied to one vessel coming into collision with
another.</cd> -- <col><b>To fall among</b></col>, <cd>to come among
accidentally or unexpectedly.</cd> -- <col><b>To fall
astern</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to move or be driven backward;
to be left behind; as, a ship <i>falls astern</i> by the force of a
current, or when outsailed by another.</cd> -- <col><b>To fall
away</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To lose flesh; to become lean
or emaciated; to pine.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To renounce or
desert allegiance; to revolt or rebel.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To renounce or desert the faith; to apostatize.</cd> "These . . .
for a while believe, and in time of temptation <i>fall away</i>."
<i>Luke viii. 13.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To perish; to vanish;
to be lost.</cd> "How . . . can the soul . . . <i>fall away</i> into
nothing?" <i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To decline
gradually; to fade; to languish, or become faint.</cd> "One color
<i>falls away</i> by just degrees, and another rises insensibly."
<i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To fall back</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To recede or retreat; to give way.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To fail of performing a promise or purpose;
not to fulfill.</cd> -- <col><b>To fall back upon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>To retreat for safety to (a
stronger position in the rear, as to a fort or a supporting body of
troops).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To have recourse to (a reserved
fund, or some available expedient or support).</cd> -- <col><b>To
fall calm</b></col>, <cd>to cease to blow; to become calm.</cd> --
<col><b>To fall down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To prostrate
one's self in worship.</cd> "All kings shall <i>fall down</i> before
him." <i>Ps. lxxii. 11.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To sink; to come
to the ground.</cd> "<i>Down fell</i> the beauteous youth."
<i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To bend or bow, as a
suppliant.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To sail or
drift toward the mouth of a river or other outlet.</cd> -- <col><b>To
fall flat</b></col>, <cd>to produce no response or result; to fail of
the intended effect; as, his speech <i>fell flat</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To fall foul of</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<cd>To have a collision with; to become entangled with</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To attack; to make an assault upon.</cd> --
<col><b>To fall from</b></col>, <cd>to recede or depart from; not to
adhere to; as, <i>to fall from</i> an agreement or engagement; <i>to
fall from</i> allegiance or duty.</cd> -- <col><b>To fall from
grace</b></col> <i>(M. E. Ch.)</i>, <cd>to sin; to withdraw from the
faith.</cd> -- <col><b>To fall home</b></col> <i>(Ship Carp.)</i>,
<cd>to curve inward; -- said of the timbers or upper parts of a
ship's side which are much within a perpendicular.</cd> -- <col><b>To
fall in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To sink inwards; as, the
roof <i>fell in</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>To
take one's proper or assigned place in line; as, <i>to fall in</i> on
the right.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To come to an end; to
terminate; to lapse; as, on the death of Mr. B., the annuuity, which
he had so long received, <i>fell in</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<cd>To become operative.</cd> "The reversion, to which he had been
nominated twenty years before, <i>fell in</i>." <i>Macaulay.</i> --
<col><b>To fall into one's hands</b></col>, <cd>to pass, often
suddenly or unexpectedly, into one's ownership or control; as, to
spike cannon when they are likely <i>to fall into the hands</i> of
the enemy.</cd> -- <col><b>To fall in with</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To meet with accidentally; as, <i>to fall in
with</i> a friend.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To
meet, as a ship; also, to discover or come near, as land.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To concur with; to agree with; as, the
measure <i>falls in with</i> popular opinion.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To comply; to yield to.</cd> "You will find
it difficult to persuade learned men <i>to fall in with</i> your
projects." <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To fall off</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To drop; as, fruits <i>fall off</i> when
ripe.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To withdraw; to separate; to
become detached; as, friends <i>fall off</i> in adversity.</cd> "Love
cools, friendship <i>falls off</i>, brothers divide." <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To perish; to die away; as, words <i>fall
off</i> by disuse.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To apostatize; to
forsake; to withdraw from the faith, or from allegiance or
duty.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Those captive tribes . . . <i>fell off</i><BR>
From God to worship calves.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To forsake; to abandon; as, his customers
<i>fell off</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To depreciate; to
change for the worse; to deteriorate; to become less valuable,
abundant, or interesting; as, a <i>falling off</i> in the wheat crop;
the magazine or the review <i>falls off</i>.</cd> "O Hamlet, what a
<i>falling off</i> was there!" <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To deviate or trend to the leeward of the point to
which the head of the ship was before directed; to fall to
leeward.</cd> -- <col><b>To fall on</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To meet with; to light upon; as, we have <i>fallen on</i> evil
days.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To begin suddenly and
eagerly.</cd> "<i>Fall on</i>, and try the appetite to eat."
<i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To begin an attack; to
assault; to assail.</cd> "<i>Fall on</i>, <i>fall on</i>, and hear
him not." <i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To drop on; to
descend on.</cd> -- <col><b>To fall out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To quarrel; to begin to contend.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>A soul exasperated in ills <i>falls out</i><BR>
With everything, its friend, itself.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To happen; to befall; to chance.</cd>
"There <i>fell out</i> a bloody quarrel betwixt the frogs and the
mice." <i>L'Estrange.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>To
leave the ranks, as a soldier.</cd> -- <col><b>To fall
over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To revolt; to desert from one
side to another.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To fall beyond.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To fall short</b></col>, <cd>to be deficient;
as, the corn <i>falls short</i>; they all <i>fall short</i> in
duty.</cd> -- <col><b>To fall through</b></col>, <cd>to come to
nothing; to fail; as, the engageent <i>has fallen through</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>To fall to</b></col>, <cd>to begin.</cd> "<i>Fall to</i>,
with eager joy, on homely food." <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>To fall
under</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To come under, or within the
limits of; to be subjected to; as, they <i>fell under</i> the
jurisdiction of the emperor.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To come
under; to become the subject of; as, this point did not <i>fall
under</i> the cognizance or deliberations of the court; these things
do not <i>fall under</i> human sight or observation.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To come within; to be ranged or reckoned
with; to be subordinate to in the way of classification; as, these
substances <i>fall under</i> a different class or order.</cd> --
<col><b>To fall upon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
attack.</cd> [See <i>To fall on</i>.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
attempt; to have recourse to.</cd> "I do not intend <i>to fall
upon</i> nice disquisitions." <i>Holder.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To rush against.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Fall</i> primarily denotes descending motion, either in
a perpendicular or inclined direction, and, in most of its
applications, implies, <i>literally</i> or <i>figuratively</i>,
velocity, haste, suddenness, or violence. Its use is so various, and
so mush diversified by modifying words, that it is not easy to
enumerate its senses in all its applications.</p>

<p><hw>Fall</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To let fall; to drop.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For every tear he <i>falls</i>, a Trojan
bleeds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sink; to depress; as, to <i>fall</i>
the voice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To diminish; to lessen or lower.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Upon lessening interest to four per cent, you
<i>fall</i> the price of your native commodities.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth; as, to <i>fall</i>
lambs.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To fell; to cut down; as, to <i>fall</i> a
tree.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Fall</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of falling; a dropping or descending be the force of gravity;
descent; as, a <i>fall</i> from a horse, or from the yard of
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of dropping or tumbling from an
erect posture; as, he was walking on ice, and had a
<i>fall</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Death; destruction; overthrow;
ruin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They thy <i>fall</i> conspire.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pride goeth before destruction, and a haughty spirit
before a <i>fall</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xvi. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Downfall; degradation; loss of greatness
or office; termination of greatness, power, or dominion; ruin;
overthrow; as, the <i>fall</i> of the Roman empire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beholds thee glorious only in thy
<i>fall</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The surrender of a besieged fortress or
town ; as, the <i>fall</i> of Sebastopol.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Diminution or decrease in price or value;
depreciation; as, the <i>fall</i> of prices; the <i>fall</i> of
rents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A sinking of tone; cadence; as, the
<i>fall</i> of the voice at the close of a sentence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Declivity; the descent of land or a hill;
a slope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Descent of water; a cascade; a cataract; a
rush of water down a precipice or steep; -- usually in the plural,
sometimes in the singular; as, the <i>falls</i> of Niagara.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The discharge of a river or current of
water into the ocean, or into a lake or pond; as, the <i>fall</i> of
the Po into the Gulf of Venice.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Extent of descent; the distance which
anything falls; as, the water of a stream has a <i>fall</i> of five
feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>The season when leaves fall from trees;
autumn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What crowds of patients the town doctor kills,<BR>
Or how, last <i>fall</i>, he raised the weekly bills.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>That which falls; a falling; as, a
<i>fall</i> of rain; a heavy <i>fall</i> of snow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>The act of felling or cutting down.</def>
"The <i>fall</i> of timber."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>Lapse or declension from innocence or
goodness. Specifically: The first apostasy; the act of our first
parents in eating the forbidden fruit; also, the apostasy of the
rebellious angels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, a kind of ruff or band for the
neck; a falling band; a faule.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>That part (as one of the ropes) of a
tackle to which the power is applied in hoisting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fall herring</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a herring
of the Atlantic (<i>Clupea mediocris</i>); -- also called <i>tailor
herring</i>, and <i>hickory shad</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To try a
fall</b></col>, <cd>to try a bout at wrestling.</cd> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal*la"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fallaciosus</i>, fr. <i>fallacia</i>: cf. F. <i>fallacieux</i>.
See <u>Fallacy</u>.] <def>Embodying or pertaining to a fallacy;
illogical; fitted to deceive; misleading; delusive; as,
<i>fallacious</i> arguments or reasoning.</def> --
<wf>Fal*la"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
<wf>Fal*la"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 540 !></p>

<p><hw>Fal"la*cy</hw> (f&abreve;l"l&adot;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Fallacies</b></plw> (-
s&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>fallace</i>, <i>fallas</i>, deception, F.
<i>fallace</i>, fr. L. <i>fallacia</i>, fr. <i>fallax</i> deceitful,
deceptive, fr. <i>fallere</i> to deceive. See <u>Fail</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deceptive or false appearance; deceitfulness;
that which misleads the eye or the mind; deception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Winning by conquest what the first man lost,<BR>
By <i>fallacy</i> surprised.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>An argument, or apparent
argument, which professes to be decisive of the matter at issue,
while in reality it is not; a sophism.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deception; deceit; mistake.  -- <u>Fallacy</u>,
<u>Sophistry</u>. A <i>fallacy</i> is an argument which professes to
be decisive, but in reality is not; <i>sophistry</i> is also false
reasoning, but of so specious and subtle a kind as to render it
difficult to expose its <i>fallacy</i>. Many <i>fallacies</i> are
obvious, but the evil of <i>sophistry</i> lies in its consummate art.
"Men are apt to suffer their minds to be misled by <i>fallacies</i>
which gratify their passions. Many persons have obscured and
confounded the nature of things by their wretched <i>sophistry</i>;
though an act be never so sinful, they will strip it of its guilt."
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"-lals`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Gay
ornaments; frippery; gewgaws.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"lax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fallax</i>
deceptive. See <u>Fallacy</u>.] <def>Cavillation; a caviling.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Cranmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fall"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dropped;
prostrate; degraded; ruined; decreased; dead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some ruined temple or <i>fallen</i>
monument.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>fallentia</i>, L. <i>fallens</i> p. pr of <i>fallere</i>.] <def>An
exception.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fall"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, falls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A part which acts by
falling, as a stamp in a fulling mill, or the device in a spinning
machine to arrest motion when a thread breaks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fall"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A fresh-water fish of the United States (<i>Semotilus
bullaris</i>); -- called also <i>silver chub</i>, and <i>Shiner</i>.
The name is also applied to other allied species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal`li*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being fallible; liability to deceive or to be deceived; as, the
<i>fallibity</i> of an argument or of an adviser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"li*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>fallibilis</i>, fr. L. <i>fallere</i> to deceive: cf. F.
<i>faillible</i>. See <u>Fail</u>.] <def>Liable to fail, mistake, or
err; liable to deceive or to be deceived; as, all men are
<i>fallible</i>; our opinions and hopes are
<i>fallible</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"li*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fallible
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fall"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>from
<u>Fall</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Falling away</b></col>, <col><b>Falling off</b></col>,
etc. <cd>See <i>To fall away</i>, <i>To fall off</i>, etc., under
<u>Fall</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Falling
band</b></col>, <cd>the plain, broad, linen collar turning down over
the doublet, worn in the early part of the 17th century.</cd> --
<col><b>Falling sickness</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>epilepsy.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Falling star</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Shooting star</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Falling
stone</b></col>, <cd>a stone falling through the atmosphere; a
meteorite; an a&euml;rolite.</cd> -- <col><b>Falling tide</b></col>,
<cd>the ebb tide.</cd> -- <col><b>Falling weather</b></col>, <cd>a
rainy season.</cd> [Colloq.] <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal*lo"pi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Fallopius</i>, or <i>Fallopio</i>, a physician of Modena, who died
in 1562.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or discovered by,
Fallopius; as, the <i>Fallopian</i> tubes or oviducts, the ducts or
canals which conduct the ova from the ovaries to the
uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fealu</i>,
<i>fealo</i>, pale yellow or red; akin to D. <i>vaal</i> fallow,
faded, OHG. <i>falo</i>, G. <i>falb</i>, <i>fahl</i>, Icel.
<i>f&ouml;lr</i>, and prob. to Lith. <i>palvas</i>, OSlav.
<i>plav&ubreve;</i> white, L. <i>pallidus</i> pale, <i>pallere</i> to
be pale, Gr. <grk>polio`s</grk> gray, Skr. <i>palita</i>.  Cf.
<u>Pale</u>, <u>Favel</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Favor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pale red or pale yellow; as, a <i>fallow</i>
deer or greyhound.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Fallow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Left untilled or unsowed after plowing; uncultivated; as,
<i>fallow</i> ground.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fallow chat</b></col>, <col><b>Fallow finch</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small European bird, the wheatear
(<i>Saxicola &oelig;nanthe</i>). See <u>Wheatear</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fal"low</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the
<i>fallow</i>, or somewhat yellow, color of naked ground; or perh.
akin to E. <i>felly</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, cf. MHG. <i>valgen</i>
to plow up, OHG. <i>felga</i> felly, harrow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Plowed land.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who . . . pricketh his blind horse over the
<i>fallows</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Land that has lain a year or more untilled
or unseeded; land plowed without being sowed for the
season.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The plowing of <i>fallows</i> is a benefit to
land.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The plowing or tilling of land, without
sowing it for a season; as, summer <i>fallow</i>, properly conducted,
has ever been found a sure method of destroying weeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be a complete summer <i>fallow</i>, land is rendered
tender and mellow. The <i>fallow</i> gives it a better tilth than can
be given by a fallow crop.</blockquote> <i>Sinclair.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fallow crop</b></col>, <cd>the crop taken from a green
fallow.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Green fallow</b></col>, <cd>fallow
whereby land is rendered mellow and clean from weeds, by cultivating
some green crop, as turnips, potatoes, etc.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Fal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fallowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fallowing</u>.] [From <u>Fallow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
plow, harrow, and break up, as land, without seeding, for the purpose
of destroying weeds and insects, and rendering it mellow; as, it is
profitable to <i>fallow</i> cold, strong, clayey land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"low deer`</hw> (?). [So called from its <i>fallow</i> or
pale yellow color.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European species of
deer (<i>Cervus dama</i>), much smaller than the red deer. In summer
both sexes are spotted with white. It is common in England, where it
is often domesticated in the parks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"low*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favors
the practice of fallowing land.</def> [R.]  <i>Sinclair.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"low*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A well or
opening, through the successive floors of a warehouse or manufactory,
through which goods are raised or lowered.</def> [U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>falsarius</i>,
fr. <i>falsus</i>. See <u>False</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A
falsifier of evidence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>False</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Falser</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Falsest</u>.] [L. <i>falsus</i>, p. p.
of <i>fallere</i> to deceive; cf. OF. <i>faus</i>, <i>fals</i>, F.
<i>faux</i>, and AS. <i>fals</i> fraud. See <u>Fail</u>,
<u>Fall</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Uttering falsehood;
unveracious; given to deceit; dishnest; as, a <i>false</i>
witness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not faithful or loyal, as to obligations,
allegiance, vows, etc.; untrue; treacherous; perfidious; as, a
<i>false</i> friend, lover, or subject; <i>false</i> to
promises.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I to myself was <i>false</i>, ere thou to
me.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not according with truth or reality; not
true; fitted or likely to deceive or disappoint; as, a <i>false</i>
statement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not genuine or real; assumed or designed
to deceive; counterfeit; hypocritical; as, <i>false</i> tears;
<i>false</i> modesty; <i>false</i> colors; <i>false</i>
jewelry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>False</i> face must hide what the false heart doth
know.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not well founded; not firm or trustworthy;
erroneous; as, a <i>false</i> claim; a <i>false</i> conclusion; a
<i>false</i> construction in grammar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose <i>false</i> foundation waves have swept
away.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not essential or permanent, as parts of a
structure which are temporary or supplemental.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Not in tune.</def></p>

<p><col><b>False arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a member having
the appearance of an arch, though not of arch construction.</cd> --
<col><b>False attic</b></col>, <cd>an architectural erection above
the main cornice, concealing a roof, but not having windows or
inclosing rooms.</cd> -- <col><b>False bearing</b></col>, <cd>any
bearing which is not directly upon a vertical support; thus, the
weight carried by a corbel has a <i>false bearing</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>False cadence</b></col>, <cd>an imperfect or interrupted
cadence.</cd> -- <col><b>False conception</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>an abnormal conception in which a mole, or misshapen fleshy mass,
is produced instead of a properly organized fetus.</cd> --
<col><b>False croup</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a spasmodic
affection of the larynx attended with the symptoms of membranous
croup, but unassociated with the deposit of a fibrinous
membrane.</cd> -- <col><b>False</b></col> <col><b>door or
window</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the representation of a door or
window, inserted to complete a series of doors or windows or to give
symmetry.</cd> -- <col><b>False fire</b></col>, <cd>a combustible
carried by vessels of war, chiefly for signaling, but sometimes
burned for the purpose of deceiving an enemy; also, a light on shore
for decoying a vessel to destruction.</cd> -- <col><b>False
galena</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Blende</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>False
imprisonment</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the arrest and imprisonment
of a person without warrant or cause, or contrary to law; or the
unlawful detaining of a person in custody.</cd> -- <col><b>False
keel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the timber below the main keel,
used to serve both as a protection and to increase the shio's lateral
resistance.</cd> -- <col><b>False key</b></col>, <cd>a picklock.</cd>
-- <col><b>False leg</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Proleg</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>False membrane</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the fibrinous deposit formed in croup and
diphtheria, and resembling in appearance an animal membrane.</cd> --
<col><b>False papers</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>documents carried
by a ship giving false representations respecting her cargo,
destination, ect., for the purpose of deceiving.</cd> --
<col><b>False passage</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>an unnatural
passage leading off from a natural canal, such as the urethra, and
produced usually by the unskillful introduction of instruments.</cd>
-- <col><b>False personation</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
intentional false assumption of the name and personality of
another.</cd> -- <col><b>False pretenses</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>false representations concerning past or present facts and
events, for the purpose of defrauding another.</cd> -- <col><b>False
rail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a thin piece of timber placed on
top of the head rail to strengthen it.</cd> -- <col><b>False
relation</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a progression in harmony, in
which a certain note in a chord appears in the next chord prefixed by
a flat or sharp.</cd> -- <col><b>False return</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>an untrue return made to a process by the officer to whom it was
delivered for execution.</cd> -- <col><b>False ribs</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the asternal rebs, of which there are five pairs
in man.</cd> -- <col><b>False roof</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the
space between the upper ceiling and the roof.</cd> <i>Oxford
Gloss.</i> -- <col><b>False token</b></col>, <cd>a false mark or
other symbol, used for fraudulent purposes.</cd> -- <col><b>False
scorpion</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any arachnid of the genus
<i>Chelifer</i>. See <u>Book scorpion</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>False
tack</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a coming up into the wind and
filling away again on the same tack.</cd> -- <col><b>False
vampire</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the <i>Vampyrus
spectrum</i> of South America, formerly erroneously supposed to have
blood-sucking habits; -- called also <i>vampire</i>, and <i>ghost
vampire</i>. The genuine blood-sucking bats belong to the genera
<i>Desmodus</i> and <i>Diphylla</i>. See <u>Vampire</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>False window</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See <i>False
door</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>False wing</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Alula</u>, and <i>Bastard wing</i>,
under <u>Bastard</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>False works</b></col> <i>(Civil
Engin.)</i>, <cd>construction works to facilitate the erection of the
main work, as scaffolding, bridge centering, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>False</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not truly; not
honestly; falsely.</def> "You play me <i>false</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>False</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>falsare</i> to
falsify, fr. <i>falsus</i>: cf. F. <i>fausser</i>. See <u>False</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To report falsely; to
falsify.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To betray; to falsify.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[He] hath his truthe <i>falsed</i> in this
wise.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mislead by want of truth; to
deceive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In his <i>falsed</i> fancy.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To feign; to pretend to make.</def> [Obs.]
"And <i>falsed</i> oft his blows."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>False"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hypocritical.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>False"-heart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>False-
hearted.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>False"-heart`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hollow or
unsound at the core; treacherous; deceitful; perfidious.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i> -- <wf>False"-heart`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>False"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>False</i> + <i>-
hood</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of truth or accuracy; an
untrue assertion or representation; error; misrepresentation;
falsity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though it be a lie in the clock, it is but a
<i>falsehood</i> in the hand of the dial when pointing at a wrong
hour, if rightly following the direction of the wheel which moveth
it.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A deliberate intentional assertion of what
is known to be untrue; a departure from moral integrity; a
lie.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Treachery; deceit; perfidy;
unfaithfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Betrayed by <i>falsehood</i> of his
guard.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A counterfeit; a false appearance; an
imposture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For his molten image is <i>falsehood</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. x. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>falsehood</i> can endure<BR>
Touch of celestial temper.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Falsity; lie; untruth; fiction; fabrication. See
<u>Falsity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>False"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a false
manner; erroneously; not truly; perfidiously or treacherously.</def>
"O <i>falsely</i>, <i>falsely</i> murdered."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Oppositions of science, <i>falsely</i> so
called.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. vi. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Will ye steal, murder . . . and swear <i>falsely</i>
?</blockquote> <i>Jer. vii. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>False"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
false; contrariety to the fact; inaccuracy; want of integrity or
uprightness; double dealing; unfaithfulness; treachery; perfidy; as,
the <i>falseness</i> of a report, a drawing, or a singer's notes; the
<i>falseness</i> of a man, or of his word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fals"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A deceiver.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal*set"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Falsettos</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>falsetto</i>, dim. fr. L.
<i>falsus</i>. See <u>False</u>.] <def>A false or artificial voice;
that voice in a man which lies above his natural voice; the male
counter tenor or alto voice. See <i>Head voice</i>, under
<u>Voice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fal"si*cri"men</hw> (?). [L.] <i>(Civ. Law)</i> <def>The
crime of falsifying.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term in the Roman law included not only forgery, but
every species of fraud and deceit. It never has been used in so
extensive a sense in modern common law, in which its predominant
significance is forgery, though it also includes perjury and offenses
of a like character.  <i>Burrill. Greenleaf.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"si*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>falsifiable</i>.] <def>Capable of being falsified, counterfeited,
or corrupted.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal`si*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>falsification</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of falsifying,
or making false; a counterfeiting; the giving to a thing an
appearance of something which it is not.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To counterfeit the living image of king in his person
exceedeth all <i>falsifications</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Willful misstatement or
misrepresentation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Extreme necessity . . . forced him upon this bold and
violent <i>falsification</i> of the doctrine of the
alliance.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Equity)</i> <def>The showing an item of
charge in an account to be wrong.</def>  <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"si*fi*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>falsificateur</i>.] <def>A falsifier.</def>  <i>Bp.
Morton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"si*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
falsifies, or gives to a thing a deceptive appearance; a
liar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"si*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Falsified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Falsifying</u>.] [L. <i>falsus</i> false + <i>-ly</i>: cf. F.
<i>falsifier</i>. See <u>False</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make false; to represent
falsely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Irish bards use to forge and <i>falsify</i>
everything as they list, to please or displease any man.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To counterfeit; to forge; as, to
<i>falsify</i> coin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To prove to be false, or untrustworthy; to
confute; to disprove; to nullify; to make to appear false.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By how much better than my word I am,<BR>
By so much shall I <i>falsify</i> men's hope.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jews and Pagans united all their endeavors, under
Julian the apostate, to baffie and <i>falsify</i> the
prediction.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To violate; to break by falsehood; as, to
<i>falsify</i> one's faith or word.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To baffle or escape; as, to <i>falsify</i>
a blow.</def>  <i>Butler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To avoid or defeat; to prove
false, as a judgment.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Equity)</i> <def>To show, in accounting,
(an inem of charge inserted in an account) to be wrong.</def>
<i>Story. Daniell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To make false by multilation or addition;
to tamper with; as, to <i>falsify</i> a record or document.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"si*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To tell lies; to
violate the truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is absolutely and universally unlawful to lie and
<i>falsify</i>.</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>South.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Fals"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
evidently false; an assertion or statement the falsity of which is
plainly apparent; -- opposed to <i>truism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Falsities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>falsitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>fausset&eacute;</i>, OF. also, <i>falsit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>False</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality of being false; coutrariety or want of conformity to
truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Probability does not make any alteration, either in
the truth or <i>falsity</i> of things.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is false; falsehood; a lie; a
false assertion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men often swallow <i>falsities</i> for
truths.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Brown.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Falsehood; lie; deceit.  -- <u>Falsity</u>,
<u>Falsehood</u>, <u>Lie</u>. <i>Falsity</i> denotes the state or
quality of being false. A <i>falsehood</i> is a false declaration
designedly made. A <i>lie</i> is a gross, unblushing falsehood. The
<i>falsity</i> of a person's assertion may be proved by the evidence
of others and thus the charge of <i>falsehood</i> be fastened upon
him.</p>

<p><hw>Fal"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To thrash in
the chaff; also, to cleanse or sift, as barley.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Faltered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Faltering</u>.] [OE. <i>falteren</i>, <i>faltren</i>, prob. from
<i>fault</i>. See <u>Fault</u>, <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hesitate; to speak brokenly or weakly; to
stammer; as, his tongue <i>falters</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>faltering</i> speech and visage
incomposed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tremble; to totter; to be
unsteady.</def> "He found his legs <i>falter</i>."
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hesitate in purpose or
action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere her native king<BR>
Shall <i>falter</i> under foul rebellion's arms.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fail in distinctness or regularity of
exercise; -- said of the mind or of thought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here indeed the power of disinct conception of space
and distance <i>falters</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter with
hesitation, or in a broken, trembling, or weak manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And here he <i>faltered</i> forth his last
farewell.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mde me most happy, <i>faltering</i> "I am
thine."</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 541 !></p>

<p><hw>Fal"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Falter</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Hesitation; trembling; feebleness; an
uncertain or broken sound; as, a slight <i>falter</i> in her
voice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>falter</i> of an idle shepherd's
pipe.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fal"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hesitating;
trembling.</def> "With <i>faltering</i> speech." <i>Milton.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Falter; halting; hesitation.</def> --
<wf>Fal"ter*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Fa`luns"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A series of strata, of the Middle Tertiary period, of France,
abounding in shells, and used by Lyell as the type of his Miocene
subdivision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fal"we</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Fallow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Falx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a sickle.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A curved fold or process of the dura mater or the
peritoneum; esp., one of the partitionlike folds of the dura mater
which extend into the great fissures of the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fam"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>falmelen</i>; cf. SW. <i>famla</i> to grope, Dan. <i>famle</i> to
grope, falter, hesitate, Icel. <i>f&amacr;lma</i> to grope.  Cf.
<u>Famble</u>.] <def>To stammer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fam"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Famble</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A hand.</def> [Slang &amp; Obs.] "We clap our
<i>fambles</i>."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fame</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>fame</i>, L.
<i>fama</i>, fr. <i>fari</i> to speak, akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a
saying, report, &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to speak. See <u>Ban</u>, and cf.
<u>Fable</u>, <u>Fate</u>, <u>Euphony</u>, <u>Blame</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Public report or rumor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fame</i> thereof was heard in Pharaoh's
house.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xlv. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Report or opinion generally diffused;
renown; public estimation; celebrity, either favorable or
unfavorable; as, the <i>fame</i> of Washington.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I find thou art no less than <i>fame</i> hath
bruited.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Notoriety; celebrity; renown; reputation.</p>

<p><hw>Fame</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Famed</u> (?),; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Faming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To report widely or
honorably.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The field where thou art <i>famed</i><BR>
To have wrought such wonders.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make famous or renowned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those Hesperian gardens <i>famed</i> of
old.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fame"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without fame or
renown.</def> -- <wf>Fame"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fa*mil`iar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>familer</i>,
<i>familier</i>, F. <i>familier</i>, fr. L. <i>familiaris</i>, fr.
<i>familia</i> family. See <u>Family</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to a family; domestic.</def> "<i>Familiar</i> feuds."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Closely acquainted or intimate, as a
friend or companion; well versed in, as any subject of study; as,
<i>familiar</i> with the Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by, or exhibiting, the
manner of an intimate friend; not formal; unconstrained; easy;
accessible.</def> "In loose, <i>familiar</i> strains."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be thou <i>familiar</i>, but by no means
vulgar.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Well known; well understood; common;
frequent; as, a <i>familiar</i> illustration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That war, or peace, or both at once, may be<BR>
As things acquainted and <i>familiar</i> to us.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is nothing more <i>familiar</i> than
this.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Improperly acquainted; wrongly
intimate.</def>  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Familiar spirit</b></col>, <cd>a demon or evil spirit
supposed to attend at call.</cd>  <i>1 Sam. xxviii. 3, 7-9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa*mil"iar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An intimate; a companion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All my <i>familiars</i> watched for my
halting.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xx. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An attendant demon or evil spirit.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Court of Inquisition)</i> <def>A
confidential officer employed in the service of the tribunal,
especially in apprehending and imprisoning the accused.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*mil`iar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Familiarities</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>familarite</i>, F.
<i>familiarit&eacute;</i>fr.  L. <i>faniliaritas</i>. See
<u>Familiar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being
familiar; intimate and frequent converse, or association;
unconstrained intercourse; freedom from ceremony and constraint;
intimacy; as, to live in remarkable <i>familiarity</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything said or done by one person to
another unceremoniously and without constraint; esp., in the
<i>pl.</i>, such actions and words as propriety and courtesy do not
warrant; liberties.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Acquaintance; fellowship; affability; intimacy. See
<u>Acquaintance</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fa*mil`iar*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act or process of making familiar; the result of becoming familiar;
as, <i>familiarization</i> with scenes of blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*mil"iar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Familiarized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Familiarizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>familiariser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make familiar or intimate; to habituate;
to accustom; to make well known by practice or converse; as, to
<i>familiarize</i> one's self with scenes of distress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make acquainted, or skilled, by
practice or study; as, to <i>familiarize</i> one's self with a
business, a book, or a science.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"mil"iar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a familiar
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*mil"iar*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Familiarity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fa*mil"ia*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>familiaris</i>. See <u>Familiar</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
family or household; domestic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fam"i*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tenets of
the Familists.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fam"i*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Family</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of afanatical
Antinomian sect originating in Holland, and existing in England about
1580, called the <i>Family of Love</i>, who held that religion
consists wholly in love.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fam"i*lis*ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Familisteries</b></plw> (&?;). [F.
<i>familist&egrave;re</i>.] <def>A community in which many persons
unite as in one family, and are regulated by certain communistic laws
and customs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fam`i*listic</hw> (?), <hw>Fam`i*lis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to Familists.</def>
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fam"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Families</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>familia</i>, fr.
<i>famulus</i> servant; akin to Oscan <i>famel</i> servant, cf.
<i>faamat</i> he dwells, Skr. <i>dh&amacr;man</i> house, fr.
<i>dh&amacr;</i>to set, make, do: cf. F. <i>famille</i>.  Cf.
<u>Do</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Doom</u>, <u>Fact</u>,
<u>Feat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of persons
who live in one house, and under one head or manager; a household,
including parents, children, and servants, and, as the case may be,
lodgers or boarders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The group comprising a husband and wife
and their dependent children, constituting a fundamental unit in the
organization of society.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The welfare of the <i>family</i> underlies the welfare
of society.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Those who descend from one common
progenitor; a tribe, clan, or race; kindred; house; as, the human
<i>family</i>; the <i>family</i> of Abraham; the father of a
<i>family</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go ! and pretend your <i>family</i> is
young.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Course of descent; genealogy; line of
ancestors; lineage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Honorable descent; noble or respectable
stock; as, a man of <i>family</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A group of kindred or closely related
individuals; as, a <i>family</i> of languages; a <i>family</i> of
States; the chlorine <i>family</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A group of organisms,
either animal or vegetable, related by certain points of resemblance
in structure or development, more comprehensive than a genus, because
it is usually based on fewer or less pronounced points of likeness.
In zo&ouml;logy a family is less comprehesive than an order; in
botany it is often considered the same thing as an order.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Family circle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Circle</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Family man</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A man who
has a family; esp., one who has a wife and children living with him
andd dependent upon him.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A man of
domestic habits.</cd> "The Jews are generally, when married, most
exemplary <i>family men</i>." <i>Mayhew.</i> -- <col><b>Family
of</b></col> <col><b>curves or surfaces</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>,
<cd>a group of curves or surfaces derived from a single
equation.</cd> -- <col><b>In a family way</b></col>, <cd>like one
belonging to the family.</cd> "Why don't we ask him and his ladies to
come over <i>in a family way</i>, and dine with some other plain
country gentlefolks?" <i>Thackeray.</i> -- <col><b>In the family
way</b></col>, <cd>pregnant.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fam"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>famine</i>, fr.
L. <i>fames</i> hunger; cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; want, need, Skr.
<i>h&amacr;ni</i> loss, lack, <i>h&amacr;</i> to leave.] <def>General
scarcity of food; dearth; a want of provisions; destitution.</def>
"Worn with <i>famine</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was a <i>famine</i> in the land.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xxvi. 1.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Famine fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>typhus
fever.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fam"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Famished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Famishing</u>.] [OE. <i>famen</i>; cf. OF. <i>afamer</i>, L.
<i>fames</i>. See <u>Famine</u>, and cf. <u>Affamish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To starve, kill, or destroy with
hunger.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exhaust the strength or endurance of,
by hunger; to distress with hanger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And when all the land of Egypt was <i>famished</i>,
the people cried to Pharaoh for bread.</blockquote> <i>Cen. xli.
55.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The pains of <i>famished</i> Tantalus he'll
feel.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To kill, or to cause to suffer extremity,
by deprivation or denial of anything necessary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>famish</i> him of breath, if not of
bread.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To force or constrain by famine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>famished</i> Paris into a
surrender.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fam"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To die of hunger; to starve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suffer extreme hunger or thirst, so as
to be exhausted in strength, or to come near to perish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are all resolved rather to die than to
<i>famish</i>?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suffer extremity from deprivation of
anything essential or necessary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord will not suffer the soul of the righteous to
<i>famish</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. x. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fam"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being famished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*mos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>famositas</i> infamy: cf. F. <i>famosit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Famous</u>.] <def>The state or quality of being famous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>famosus</i>, fr.
<i>fama</i> fame: cf. F. <i>fameux</i>. See <u>Fame</u>.]
<def>Celebrated in fame or public report; renowned; mach talked of;
distinguished in story; -- used in either a good or a bad sense,
chiefly the former; often followed by <i>for</i>; as, <i>famous</i>
for erudition, for eloquence, for military skill; a <i>famous</i>
pirate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Famous</i> for a scolding tongue.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Noted; remarkable; signal; conspicuous; celebrated;
renowned; illustrious; eminent; transcendent; excellent.  --
<u>Famous</u>, <u>Renowned</u>, <u>Illustrious</u>. <i>Famous</i> is
applied to a person or thing widely spoken of as extraordinary;
<i>renowned</i> is applied to those who are named again and again
with honor; <i>illustrious</i>, to those who have dazzled the world
by the splendor of their deeds or their virtues. See
<u>Distinguished</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fa"moused</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Renowned.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"mous*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a famous
manner; in a distinguished degree; greatly; splendidly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then this land was <i>famously</i> enriched<BR>
With politic grave counsel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"mous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being famous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fam"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>famularis</i> of servants.] <def>Domestic; familiar.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fam"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>famulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>famulari</i> to serve, fr.
<i>famulus</i> servant.] <def>To serve.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fam"u*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>famulus</i>
servant.] <def>A collegian of inferior rank or position,
corresponding to the <i>sizar</i> at Cambridge.</def> [Oxford Univ.,
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Fan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fann</i>, fr. L.
<i>vannus</i> fan, van for winnowing grain; cf. F. <i>van</i>.  Cf.
<u>Van</u> a winnowing machine, <u>Winnow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument used for producing artificial currents of air, by
the wafting or revolving motion of a broad surface</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument for cooling the person, made
of feathers, paper, silk, etc., and often mounted on sticks all
turning about the same pivot, so as when opened to radiate from the
center and assume the figure of a section of a circle.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Any revolving vane or vanes
used for producing currents of air, in winnowing grain, blowing a
fire, ventilation, etc., or for checking rapid motion by the
resistance of the air; a fan blower; a fan wheel.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An instrument for winnowing grain, by moving
which the grain is tossed and agitated, and the chaff is separated
and blown away.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Something in the form
of a fan when spread, as a peacock's tail, a window, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A small vane or sail, used to keep the large
sails of a smock windmill always in the direction of the
wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Clean provender, which hath been winnowed with the
shovel and with the <i>fan</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is. xxx. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which produces effects analogous to
those of a fan, as in exciting a flame, etc.; that which inflames,
heightens, or strengthens; as, it served as a <i>fan</i> to the flame
of his passion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A quintain; -- from its form.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fan blower</b></col>, <cd>a wheel with vanes fixed on a
rotating shaft inclosed in a case or chamber, to create a blast of
air (<i>fan blast</i>) for forge purposes, or a current for draft and
ventilation; a fanner.</cd> -- <col><b>Fan cricket</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a mole cricket.</cd> -- <col><b>Fan
light</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a window over a door; -- so
called from the semicircular form and radiating sash bars of those
windows which are set in the circular heads of arched doorways.</cd>
-- <col><b>Fan shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any shell of
the family <i>Pectinid&aelig;</i>. See <u>Scallop</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Fan tracery</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the decorative tracery on the surface of fan
vaulting.</cd> -- <col><b>Fan vaulting</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>an elaborate system of vaulting, in which the ribs diverge
somewhat like the rays of a fan, as in Henry VII.'s chapel in
Westminster Abbey. It is peculiar to English Gothic.</cd> --
<col><b>Fan wheel</b></col>, <cd>the wheel of a fan blower.</cd> --
<col><b>Fan window</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Fan light</i>
(above).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fan</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fanned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fanning</u> (?).] [Cf. OF. <i>vanner</i>, L. <i>vannere</i>. See
<u>Fan</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Van</u> a winnowing machine.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move as with a fan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The air . . . <i>fanned</i> with unnumbered
plumes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cool and refresh, by moving the air
with a fan; to blow the air on the face of with a fan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To ventilate; to blow on; to affect by air
put in motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Calm as the breath which <i>fans</i> our eastern
groves.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To winnow; to separate chaff from, and
drive it away by a current of air; as, to <i>fan</i> wheat.</def>
<i>Jer. li. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To excite or stir up to activity, as a fan
excites a flame; to stimulate; as, this conduct <i>fanned</i> the
excitement of the populace.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fanning machine</b></col>, <i>or</i>  <col><b>Fanning
mill</b></col>, <cd>a machine for separating seed from chaff, etc.,
by a blast of air; a fanner.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Fa`nal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
lighthouse, or the apparatus placed in it for giving light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*nat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fanaticus</i>
inspired by divinity, enthusiastic, frantic, fr. <i>fanum</i> fane:
cf. F. <i>fanatique</i>. See <u>Fane</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or
indicating, fanaticism; extravagant in opinions; ultra; unreasonable;
excessively enthusiastic, especially on religious subjects; as,
<i>fanatic</i> zeal; <i>fanatic</i> notions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But Faith, <i>fanatic</i> Faith, once wedded fast<BR>
To some dear falsehood, hugs it to the last.</blockquote> <i>T.
Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa*nat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person affected by
excessive enthusiasm, particularly on religious subjects; one who
indulges wild and extravagant notions of religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a new word, coined within few months, called
<i>fanatics</i>, which, by the close stickling thereof, seemeth well
cut out and proportioned to signify what is meant thereby, even the
sectaries of our age.</blockquote> <i>Fuller (1660).</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fanatics</i> are governed rather by imagination
than by judgment.</blockquote> <i>Stowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa*nat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characteristic of, or relating to, fanaticism; fanatic.</def> -
<wf>Fa*nat"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fa*nat"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fa*nat"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Fanatism</u>.] <def>Excessive enthusiasm, unreasoning zeal, or
wild and extravagant notions, on any subject, especially religion;
religious frenzy.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Superstition</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fa*nat"i*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fanaticized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fanaticizing</u> (?).] <def>To cause to become a
fanatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"a*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fanatisme</i>.  Cf. <u>Fanaticism</u>.] <def>Fanaticism.</def>
[R.]  <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"cied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Fancy</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Formed or conceived by the fancy;
unreal; as, a <i>fancied</i> wrong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"ci*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is governed by fancy.</def> "Not reasoners, but
<i>fanciers</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who fancies or has a special liking
for, or interest in, a particular object or class or objects; hence,
one who breeds and keeps for sale birds and animals; as, bird
<i>fancier</i>, dog <i>fancier</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"ci*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of fancy; guided by fancy, rather than by reason and
experience; whimsical; as, a <i>fanciful</i> man forms visionary
projects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conceived in the fancy; not consistent
with facts or reason; abounding in ideal qualities or figures; as, a
<i>fanciful</i> scheme; a <i>fanciful</i> theory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Curiously shaped or constructed; as, she
wore a <i>fanciful</i> headdress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gather up all <i>fancifullest</i> shells.</blockquote>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Imaginative; ideal; visionary; capricious;
chimerical; whimsical; fantastical; wild.  -- <u>Fanciful</u>,
<u>Fantastical</u>, <u>Visionary</u>. We speak of that as
<i>fanciful</i> which is irregular in taste and judgment; we speak of
it as <i>fantastical</i> when it becomes grotesque and extravagant as
well as irregular; we speak of it as <i>visionary</i> when it is
wholly unfounded in the nature of things. <i>Fanciful</i> notions are
the product of a heated fancy, without any tems are made up of oddly
assorted fancies, aften of the most whimsical kind; <i>visionary</i>
expectations are those which can never be realized in fact.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Fan"ci*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
<wf>Fan"ci*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 542 !></p>

<p><hw>Fan"ci*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
fancy; without ideas or imagination.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A pert or bluff important wight,<BR>
Whose brain is <i>fanciless</i>, whose blood is white.</blockquote>
<i>Armstrong.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fancies</b></plw> (#). [Contr. fr. <i>fantasy</i>, OF.
<i>fantasie</i>, <i>fantaisie</i>, F. <i>fantaisie</i>, L.
<i>phantasia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; appearance,
imagination, the power of perception and presentation in the mind,
fr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to make visible, to place before one's
mind, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to show; akin to &?;&?;&?;&?;,
&?;&?;&?;, light, Skr. <i>bh&amacr;</i>to shine.  Cf. <u>Fantasy</u>,
<u>Fantasia</u>, <u>Epiphany</u>, <u>Phantom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The faculty by which the mind forms an image or a representation
of anything perceived before; the power of combining and modifying
such objects into new pictures or images; the power of readily and
happily creating and recalling such objects for the purpose of
amusement, wit, or embellishment; imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the soul<BR>
Are many lesser faculties, that serve<BR>
Reason as chief. Among these <i>fancy</i> next<BR>
Her office holds.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An image or representation of anything
formed in the mind; conception; thought; idea; conceit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How now, my lord ! why do you keep alone,<BR>
Of sorriest <i>fancies</i> your companoins making ?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An opinion or notion formed without much
reflection; caprice; whim; impression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have always had a <i>fancy</i> that learning might
be made a play and recreation to children.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Inclination; liking, formed by caprice
rather than reason; as, to strike one's <i>fancy</i>; hence, the
object of inclination or liking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To fit your fancies to your father's
will.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which pleases or entertains the taste
or caprice without much use or value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>London pride is a pretty <i>fancy</i> for
borders.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A sort of love song or light impromptu
ballad.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The fancy</b></col>, <cd>all of a class who exhibit and
cultivate any peculiar taste or fancy; hence, especially, sporting
characters taken collectively, or any specific class of them, as
jockeys, gamblers, prize fighters, etc.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>At a great book sale in London, which had congregated
all <i>the fancy</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Imagination; conceit; taste; humor; inclination;
whim; liking. See <u>Imagination</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fan"cy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fancied</u> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fancying</u> (&?;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To figure to one's
self; to believe or imagine something without proof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If our search has reached no farther than simile and
metaphor, we rather <i>fancy</i> than know.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To love.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"cy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To form a conception of; to portray in the mind; to
imagine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He whom I <i>fancy</i>, but can ne'er
express.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a fancy for; to like; to be
pleased with, particularly on account of external appearance or
manners.</def> "We <i>fancy</i> not the cardinal."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To believe without sufficient evidence; to
imagine (something which is unreal).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>fancied</i> he was welcome, because those
arounde him were his kinsmen.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"cy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Adapted to please the fancy or taste; ornamental; as,
<i>fancy</i> goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extravagant; above real value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This anxiety never degenerated into a monomania, like
that which led his [Frederick the Great's] father to pay <i>fancy</i>
prices for giants.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fancy ball</b></col>, <cd>a ball in which porsons appear
in fanciful dresses in imitation of the costumes of different persons
and nations.</cd> -- <col><b>Fancy fair</b></col>, <cd>a fair at
which articles of fancy and ornament are sold, generally for some
charitable purpose.</cd> -- <col><b>Fancy goods</b></col>,
<cd>fabrics of various colors, patterns, etc., as ribbons, silks,
laces, etc., in distinction from those of a simple or plain color or
make.</cd> -- <col><b>Fancy line</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a line
rove through a block at the jaws of a gaff; -- used to haul it
down.</cd> -- <col><b>Fancy roller</b></col> <i>(Carding
Machine)</i>, <cd>a clothed cylinder (usually having straight teeth)
in front of the doffer.</cd> -- <col><b>Fancy stocks</b></col>, <cd>a
species of stocks which afford great opportunity for stock gambling,
since they have no intrinsic value, and the fluctuations in their
prices are artificial.</cd> -- <col><b>Fancy store</b></col>, <cd>one
where articles of fancy and ornament are sold.</cd> -- <col><b>Fancy
woods</b></col>, <cd>the more rare and expensive furniture woods, as
mahogany, satinwood, rosewood, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fan"cy-free`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from the
power of love.</def> "In maiden meditation, <i>fancy-free</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"cy*mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
lovemonger; a whimsical lover.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"cy-sick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Love-
sick.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"cy*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ornamental
work with a needle or hook, as embroidery, crocheting, netting,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fand</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Find</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan*dan"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fandangoes</b></plw> (#). [Sp. A name brought, together with
the dance, from the West Indies to Spain.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
lively dance, in 3-8 or 6-8 time, much practiced in Spain and Spanish
America. Also, the tune to which it is danced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ball or general dance, as in
Mexico.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fanum</i> a place
dedicated to some deity, a sanctuary, fr. <i>fari</i> to speak. See
<u>Fame</u>.] <def>A temple; a place consecrated to religion; a
church.</def> [Poet.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such to this British Isle, her Christian
<i>fanes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fane</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Vane</u>.] <def>A
weathercock.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Fa*ne"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A dry
measure in Spain and Spanish America, varying from 1&?; to 2&?;
bushels; also, a measure of land.</def>  <i>De Colange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"fare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf.
<u>Fanfaron</u>.] <def>A flourish of trumpets, as in coming into the
lists, etc.; also, a short and lively air performed on hunting horns
during the chase.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fanfare</i> announcing the arrival of the
various Christian princes.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fan"fa*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp.
<i>fanfarron</i>; cf. It. <i>fanfano</i>, and OSp. <i>fanfa</i>
swaggering, boasting, also Ar. <i>farf&amacr;r</i> talkative.] <def>A
bully; a hector; a swaggerer; an empty boaster.</def> [R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan*far`on*ade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fanfaronnade</i>, fr. Sp. <i>fanfarronada</i>. See
<u>Fanfaron</u>.] <def>A swaggering; vain boasting; ostentation; a
bluster.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A species of gecko having the toes expanded
into large lobes for adhesion. The Egyptian fanfoot (<i>Phyodactylus
gecko</i>) is believed, by the natives, to have venomous toes.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any moth of the genus
<i>Polypogon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fang</hw> (f&abreve;ng), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>fangen</i>, <i>fongen</i>, <i>fon</i> (<i>g</i> orig. only in p.
p. and imp. tense), AS. <i>f&omacr;n</i>; akin to D. <i>vangen</i>,
OHG. <i>f&amacr;han</i>, G. <i>fahen</i>, <i>fangen</i>, Icel.
<i>f&amacr;</i>, Sw. <i>f&aring;</i>, <i>f&aring;nga</i>, Dan.
<i>fange</i>, <i>faae</i>, Goth. <i>fahan</i>, and prob. to E.
<i>fair</i>, <i>peace</i>, <i>pact</i>.  Cf. <u>Fair</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To catch; to seize, as
with the teeth; to lay hold of; to gripe; to clutch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He's in the law's clutches; you see he's
<i>fanged</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enable to catch or tear; to furnish
with fangs.</def> "Chariots <i>fanged</i> with scythes."
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Fang</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>; cf. AS. <i>fang</i> a taking, booty, G. <i>fang</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The tusk of an animal, by
which the prey is seized and held or torn; a long pointed tooth;
esp., one of the usually erectile, venomous teeth of serpents. Also,
one of the falcers of a spider.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since I am a dog, beware my <i>fangs</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any shoot or other thing by which hold is
taken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The protuberant <i>fangs</i> of the
yucca.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The root, or one of the
branches of the root, of a tooth. See <u>Tooth</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A niche in the side of an
adit or shaft, for an air course.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A projecting tooth or
prong, as in a part of a lock, or the plate of a belt clamp, or the
end of a tool, as a chisel, where it enters the handle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
valve of a pump box.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A bend or loop of
a rope.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In a fang</b></col>, <cd>fast entangled.</cd> --
<col><b>To lose the fang</b></col>, <cd>said of a pump when the water
has gone out</cd>; hence: <col><b>To fang a pump</b></col>, <cd>to
supply it with the water necessary to make it operate.</cd>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Fanged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having fangs or
tusks; as, a <i>fanged</i> adder. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Fang</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>; hence, prop., a taking up a new thing.]
<def>Something new-fashioned; a foolish innovation; a gewgaw; a
trifling ornament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fashion.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To control and new <i>fangle</i> the
Scripture.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"gled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>New made; hence,
gaudy; showy; vainly decorated. [Obs., except with the prefix
<i>new</i>.] See <u>Newfangled</u>.</def> "Our <i>fangled</i> world."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"gle*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being fangled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He them in new <i>fangleness</i> did
pass.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fang"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
fangs or tusks.</def> "A <i>fangless</i> lion."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"got</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>fagotto</i>, <i>fangotto</i>, a bundle.  Cf. <u>Fagot</u>.] <def>A
quantity of wares, as raw silk, etc., from one hundred
weight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fanon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small flag sometimes carried
at the head of the baggage of a brigade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small flag for marking the stations in
surveying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
fan;</def> -- specifically <i>(Bot.)</i>, <def>folded up like a fan,
as certain leaves; plicate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim., from same source
as <i>fanon</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Fanon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who fans.</def>  <i>Jer. li. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fan wheel; a fan blower. See under
<u>Fan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"-nerved`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the nerves or veins arranged in a
radiating manner; -- said of certain leaves, and of the wings of some
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fanon</i>, LL.
<i>fano</i>, fr. OHG. <i>fano</i> banner cloth, G. <i>fahne</i>
banner. See <u>Vane</u>, and cf. <u>Fanion</u>, <u>Gonfalon</u>.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A term applied to various articles, as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A peculiar striped scarf worn by the pope at
mass, and by eastern bishops. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A maniple.</def>
[Written also <i>fannel</i>, <i>phanon</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Fan" palm`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any palm tree having
fan-shaped or radiate leaves; as the <i>Cham&aelig;rops humilis</i>
of Southern Europe; the species of <i>Sabal</i> and <i>Thrinax</i> in
the West Indies, Florida, etc.; and especially the great talipot tree
(<i>Corypha umbraculifera</i>) of Ceylon and Malaya. The leaves of
the latter are often eighteen feet long and fourteen wide, and are
used for umbrellas, tents, and roofs. When cut up, they are used for
books and manuscripts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"tail`</hw> (f&abreve;n"t&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zool.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A variety of the domestic
pigeon, so called from the shape of the tail.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any bird of the Australian genus
<i>Rhipidura</i>, in which the tail is spread in the form of a fan
during flight. They belong to the family of flycatchers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having an expanded, or fan-shaped, tail; as,
the <i>fan-tailed</i> pigeon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan*ta"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Fancy</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A continuous composition, not
divided into what are called movements, or governed by the ordinary
rules of musical design, but in which the author's fancy roves
unrestricted by set form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"ta*sied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Fantasy</u>.] <def>Filled with fancies or imaginations.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"tasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Phantasm</u>,
<u>Fancy</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Phantasm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"tast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose manners
or ideas are fantastic.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan*tas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fantastique</i>, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; able to
represent, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to make visible. See
<u>Fancy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Existing only in imagination;
fanciful; imaginary; not real; chimerical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the nature of a phantom;
unreal.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Indulging the vagaries of imagination;
whimsical; full of absurd fancies; capricious; as, <i>fantastic</i>
minds; a <i>fantastic</i> mistress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Resembling fantasies in irregularity,
caprice, or eccentricity; irregular; oddly shaped;
grotesque.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There at the foot of yonder nodding beech,<BR>
That wreathes its old <i>fantastic</i> roots so high.</blockquote>
<i>T. Gray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fanciful; imaginative; ideal; visionary;
capricious; chimerical; whimsical; queer. See <u>Fanciful</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fan*tas"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person given to
fantastic dress, manners, etc.; an eccentric person; a fop.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>fantastics</i>, who, having a fine watch, take
all ocasions to draw it out to be seen.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan*tas"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fanciful;
unreal; whimsical; capricious; fantastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan*tas`ti*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Fantastically.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fan*tas"tic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
fantastic manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>the letter A, in scarlet, <i>fantastically</i>
embroidered with gold thread, upon her bosom.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan*tas"tic-al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being fantastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan*tas"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being fantastical; fancifulness; whimsicality.</def>
<i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan*tas"tic*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Fantastically.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fan*tas"tic*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Fantasticalness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Fan*tas"ti*co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A
fantastic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"ta*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fantasies</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Fancy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fancy; imagination; especially, a whimsical
or fanciful conception; a vagary of the imagination; whim; caprice;
humor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is not this something more than <i>fantasy</i>
?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand <i>fantasies</i><BR>
Begin to throng into my memory.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fantastic designs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Embroidered with <i>fantasies</i> and flourishes of
gold thread.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fan"ta*sy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To have a fancy
for; to be pleased with; to like; to fancy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cavendish.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which he doth most <i>fantasy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fan`toc*ci"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [It., dim.
fr. <i>fante</i> child.] <def>Puppets caused to perform evolutions or
dramatic scenes by means of machinery; also, the representations in
which they are used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"tom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Phantom</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fantom corn</b></col>, <cd>phantom corn.</cd>
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fap</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fuddled.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa*quir"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fakir</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Farrow</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young pig, or a litter of pigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<u>Farther</u> (#) and
<u>Farthest</u> (#) are used as the <pos><i>compar.</i></pos> and
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of <i>far</i>, although they are
corruptions arising from confusion with <i>further</i> and
<i>furthest</i>. See <u>Further</u>.] [OE. <i>fer</i>, <i>feor</i>,
AS. <i>feor</i>; akin to OS. <i>fer</i>, D. <i>ver</i>, OHG.
<i>ferro</i>, adv., G. <i>fern</i>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, Icel.
<i>fjarri</i>, Dan. <i>fjirn</i>, Sw. <i>fjerran</i>, adv., Goth.
<i>fa&imacr;rra</i>, adv., Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; beyond, Skr.
<i>paras</i>, adv., far, and prob. to L. <i>per</i> through, and E.
prefix <i>for-</i>, as in <i>for</i>give, and also to <i>fare</i>.
Cf. <u>Farther</u>, <u>Farthest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Distant
in any direction; not near; remote; mutually separated by a wide
space or extent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They said, . . . We be come from a <i>far</i>
country.</blockquote> <i>Josh. ix. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The nations <i>far</i> and near contend in
choice.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Remote from purpose; contrary to design or
wishes; as, <i>far</i> be it from me to justify cruelty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Remote in affection or obedience; at a
distance, morally or spiritually; t enmity with; alienated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that are <i>far</i> from thee ahsll
perish.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxiii. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Widely different in nature or quality;
opposite in character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>far</i> from ill looking, though he thought
himself still farther.</blockquote> <i>F. Anstey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The more distant of two; as, the
<i>far</i> side (called also <i>off side</i>) of a horse, that is,
the right side, or the one opposite to the rider when he
mounts.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The distinction between the adjectival and adverbial use of
<i>far</i> is sometimes not easily discriminated.</p>

<p><col><b>By far</b></col>, <cd>by much; by a great difference.</cd>
-- <col><b>Far between</b></col>, <cd>with a long distance (of space
or time) between; at long intervals.</cd> "The examinations are few
and <i>far between</i>." <i>Farrar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To a
great extent or distance of space; widely; as, we are separated
<i>far</i> from each other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To a great distance in time from any
point; remotely; as, he pushed his researches <i>far</i> into
antiquity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In great part; as, the day is <i>far</i>
spent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In a great proportion; by many degrees;
very much; deeply; greatly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who can find a virtuous woman ? for her price is
<i>far</i> above rubies.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxxi. 10.</i></p>

<p><col><b>As far as</b></col>, <cd>to the extent, or degree, that.
See <i>As far as</i>, under <u>As</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Far
off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>At a great distance,
absolutely or relatively.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Distant in
sympathy or affection; alienated.</cd> "But now, in Christ Jesus, ye
who some time were <i>far off</i> are made nigh by the blood of
Christ." <i>Eph. ii. 13.</i> -- <col><b>Far other</b></col>,
<cd>different by a great degree; not the same; quite unlike.</cd>
<i>Pope.</i> -- <col><b>Far and near</b></col>, <cd>at a distance and
close by; throughout a whole region.</cd> -- <col><b>Far and
wide</b></col>, <cd>distantly and broadly; comprehensively.</cd>
"<i>Far and wide</i> his eye commands." <i>Milton.</i> --
<col><b>From far</b></col>, <cd>from a great distance; from a remote
place.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Far</i> often occurs in self-explaining compounds, such
as <i>far</i>-extended, <i>far</i>-reaching, <i>far</i>-spread.</p>

<p><! p. 543 !></p>

<p><hw>Far"-a*bout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A going out
of the way; a digression.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Michael
<i>Faraday</i>, the English electrician.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The
standard unit of electrical capacity; the capacity of a condenser
whose charge, having an electro-motive force of one volt, is equal to
the amount of electricity which, with the same electromotive force,
passes through one ohm in one second; the capacity, which, charged
with one coulomb, gives an electro-motive force of one
volt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far*ad"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Michael <i>Faraday</i>, the distinguished electrician; -- applied
especially to induced currents of electricity, as produced by certain
forms of inductive apparatus, on account of Faraday's investigations
of their laws.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Far"a*dism</hw> (?), <hw>Far`a*di*za"tion</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The treatment with faradic or
induced currents of electricity for remedial purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"and</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Farrand</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Far"an*dams</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fabrik made
of silk and wool or hair.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"ant*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Farrand</u>.] <def>Orderly; comely; respectable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Farce</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Farced</u> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Farcing</u> (&?;).] [F. <i>Farcir</i>, L. <i>farcire</i>; akin to
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to fence in, stop up.  Cf. <u>Force</u>
to stuff, <u>Diaphragm</u>, <u>Frequent</u>, <u>Farcy</u>,
<u>Farse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stuff with forcemeat;
hence, to fill with mingled ingredients; to fill full; to
stuff.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The first principles of religion should not be
<i>farced</i> with school points and private tenets.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His tippet was aye <i>farsed</i> full of
knives.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render fat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If thou wouldst <i>farce</i> thy lean
ribs.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To swell out; to render pompous.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Farcing</i> his letter with fustian.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Farce</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>farce</i>, from L.
<i>farsus</i> (also sometimes <i>farctus</i>), p. p. pf
<i>farcire</i>. See <u>Farce</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Stuffing, or mixture of
viands, like that used on dressing a fowl; forcemeat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A low style of comedy; a dramatic
composition marked by low humor, generally written with little regard
to regularity or method, and abounding with ludicrous incidents and
expressions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Farce</i> is that in poetry which "grotesque" is in
a picture: the persons and action of a <i>farce</i> are all
unnatural, and the manners false.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ridiculous or empty show; as, a mere
<i>farce</i>.</def> "The <i>farce</i> of state."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Farce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stuffing;
forcemeat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They spoil a good dish with . . . unsavory
<i>farcements</i>.</blockquote> <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"ci*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
farce; appropriated to farce; ludicrous; unnatural; unreal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They deny the characters to be <i>farcical</i>,
because they are &?;&?;tually in in nature.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Far"ci*cal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
<wf>Far"ci*cal*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Far"ci*cal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the disease called farcy. See <u>Farcy</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Far"ci*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Farce</i>+-
<i>lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Pudding stone.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Far"ci*men</hw> (?), <hw>Far"cin</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Farcy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>Stuffing; forcemeat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Farc"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>farctus</i>,
p. p. of <i>farcire</i>. See <u>Farce</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Stuffed; filled solid; as, a <i>farctate</i> leaf,
stem, or pericarp; -- opposed to <i>tubular</i> or
<i>hollow</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Far"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>farcin</i>; cf.
L. <i>farciminum</i> a disease of horses, fr. <i>farcire</i>. See
<u>Farce</u>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A contagious disease of horses,
associated with painful ulcerating enlargements, esp. upon the head
and limbs. It is of the same nature as glanders, and is often fatal.
Called also <i>farcin</i>, and <i>farcimen</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Farcy</i>, although more common in horses, is
communicable to other animals and to human beings.</p>

<p><col><b>Farcy bud</b></col>, <cd>a hard, prominent swelling
occurring upon the cutaneous surface in farcy, due to the obstruction
and inflammation of the lymphatic vessels, and followed by
ulceration.</cd>  <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prob. fr. OHG.
gi<i>farit</i>, gi<i>farwit</i> p. p. of <i>farwjan</i> to color,
tinge, fr. <i>farawa</i> color, G. <i>farbe</i>.] <def>Paint used on
the face.</def> [Obs.] "Painted with French <i>fard</i>."  <i>J.
Whitaker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>farder</i> to paint
one's face.] <def>To paint; -- said esp. of one's face.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Far`dage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Fardel</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <u>Dunnage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"del</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>fardel</i>, F.
<i>fardeau</i>; cf. Sp. <i>fardel</i>, <i>fardillo</i>, <i>fardo</i>,
LL. <i>fardellus</i>; prob. fr. Ar. <i>fard</i> one of the two parts
of an object divisible into two, hence, one of the two parts of a
camel's load.  Cf. <u>Furl</u>.] <def>A bundle or little pack; hence,
a burden.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>fardel</i> of never-ending misery and
suspense.</blockquote> <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"del</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make up in
fardels.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"ding-bag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain
origin; cf. <u>Fardel</u>.] <def>The upper stomach of a cow, or other
ruminant animal; the rumen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"ding*dale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
farthingale.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Far"ding*deal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Farthing</u>, and <u>Deal</u> a part.] <def>The fourth part of an
acre of land.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>farding dale</i>,
<i>fardingale</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Fare</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Faring</u>.] [AS. <i>faran</i> to travel, fare; akin to OS.,
Goth., &amp; OHG. <i>faran</i> to travel, go, D. <i>varen</i>, G.
<i>fahren</i>, OFries., Icel., &amp; Sw. <i>fara</i>, Dan. <i>fare</i>,
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; a way through, &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; a ferry,
strait, &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to convey,
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to go, march, &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; beyond,
on the other side, &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to pass through, L. <i>peritus</i>
experienced, <i>portus</i> port, Skr. <i>par</i> to bring over.
&radic;78.  Cf. <u>Chaffer</u>, <u>Emporium</u>, <u>Far</u>,
<u>Ferry</u>, <u>Ford</u>, <u>Peril</u>, <u>Port</u> a harbor,
<u>Pore</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go; to
pass; to journey; to travel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So on he <i>fares</i>, and to the border comes<BR>
Of Eden.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in any state, or pass through any
experience, good or bad; to be attended with any circummstances or
train of events, fortunate or unfortunate; as, he <i>fared</i> well,
or ill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>fares</i> the stag among the enraged
hounds.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I bid you most heartily well to
<i>fare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>fared</i> the knight between two
foes.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be treated or entertained at table, or
with bodily or social comforts; to live.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was a certain rich man which . . . <i>fared</i>
sumptuously every day.</blockquote> <i>Luke xvi. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To happen well, or ill; -- used
impersonally; as, we shall see how it will <i>fare</i> with
him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>fares</i> it when with truth falsehood
contends.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To behave; to conduct one's self.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>ferde</i> [fared] as she would
die.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.  <i>faru</i> journey,
fr. <i>faran</i>. See <u>Fare</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A journey; a passage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That nought might stay his <i>fare</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The price of passage or going; the sum
paid or due for conveying a person by land or water; as, the
<i>fare</i> for crossing a river; the <i>fare</i> in a coach or by
railway.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ado; bustle; business.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The warder chid and made <i>fare</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Condition or state of things; fortune;
hap; cheer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>fare</i>? what news abroad ?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Food; provisions for the table;
entertainment; as, coarse <i>fare</i>; delicious <i>fare</i>.</def>
"Philosophic <i>fare</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The person or persons conveyed in a
vehicle; as, a full <i>fare</i> of passengers.</def>  <i>A.
Drummond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The catch of fish on a fishing
vessel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of fare</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bill</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fare</b></col> <col><b>indicator or register</b></col>, <cd>a
device for recording the number of passengers on a street car,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fare wicket</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
gate or turnstile at the entrance of toll bridges, exhibition
grounds, etc., for registering the number of persons passing it.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An opening in the door of a street car for
purchasing tickets of the driver or passing fares to the
conductor.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Far"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Fare</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fare`well"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [<i>Fare</i>
(thou, you) + <i>well</i>.] <def>Go well; good-by; adieu;  --
originally applied to a person departing, but by custom now applied
both to those who depart and those who remain. It is often separated
by the pronoun; as, <i>fare</i> you <i>well</i>; and is sometimes
used as an expression of separation only; as, <i>farewell</i> the
year; <i>farewell</i>, ye sweet groves; that is, I bid you
<i>farewell</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>farewell</i> hope, and with hope,
<i>farewell</i> fear.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fare</i> thee <i>well</i>! and if forever,<BR>
Still forever <i>fare</i> thee <i>well</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The primary accent is sometimes placed on the first
syllable, especially in poetry.</p>

<p><hw>Fare`well"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A wish of happiness or welfare at parting; the parting
compliment; a good-by; adieu.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Act of departure; leave-taking; a last
look at, or reference to something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And takes her <i>farewell</i> of the glorious
sun.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Before I take my <i>farewell</i> of the
subject.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fare"well`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Parting;
valedictory; final; as, a <i>farewell</i> discourse; his
<i>farewell</i> bow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leans in his spear to take his <i>farewell</i>
view.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Farewell rock</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>the Millstone
grit; -- so called because no coal is found worth working below this
stratum. It is used for hearths of furnaces, having power to resist
intense heat.</cd>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"fet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Far</i> +
<i>fet</i>, <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Fette</u>.]
<def>Farfetched.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>York with his <i>farfet</i> policy.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"fetch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Far</i> +
<i>fetch</i>.] <def>To bring from far; to seek out studiously.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>farfetch</i> the name of Tartar from a Hebrew
word.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"fetch`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything brought
from far, or brought about with studious care; a deep
strategem.</def> [Obs.] "Politic <i>farfetches</i>."
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"fetched`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Brought from far, or from a remote place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every remedy contained a multitude of
<i>farfetched</i> and heterogeneous ingredients.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Studiously sought; not easily or naturally
deduced or introduced; forced; strained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*ri"na</hw> (f&adot;*r&imacr;"n&adot; <i>or</i>
f&adot;*r&emacr;"n&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., meal, flour, fr.
<i>far</i> a sort of grain, spelt; akin to E. <i>barley</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fine flour or meal made from cereal grains
or from the starch or fecula of vegetables, extracted by various
processes, and used in cookery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pollen.</def> [R.]
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far`i*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>farinaceus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting or made of
meal or flour; as, a <i>farinaceous</i> diet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Yielding farina or flour; as,
<i>ffarinaceous</i> seeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Like meal; mealy; pertaining to meal; as,
a <i>farinaceous</i> taste, smell, or appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far`i*nose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>farinosus</i>: cf. F. <i>farineux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Yielding farina; as, <i>farinose</i> substances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Covered with a
sort of white, mealy powder, as the leaves of some poplars, and the
body of certain insects; mealy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Farl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Furl</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"lie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ferlish</i>
wonder, as adj., strange, sudden, fearful, AS.
<i>f&aemacr;rl&imacr;c</i> sudden. See <u>Fear</u>.] <def>An unusual
or unexpected thing; a wonder. See <u>Fearly</u>.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Farm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ferme</i> rent,
lease, F. <i>ferme</i>, LL. <i>firma</i>, fr. L. <i>firmus</i> firm,
fast, <i>firmare</i> to make firm or fast.  See <u>Firm</u>,
<pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The rent of land,
-- originally paid by reservation of part of its products.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The term or tenure of a lease of land for
cultivation; a leasehold.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is great willfulness in landlords to make any
longer <i>farms</i> to their tenants.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The land held under lease and by payment
of rent for the purpose of cultivation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any tract of land devoted to agricultural
purposes, under the management of a tenant or the owner.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In English the ideas of a lease, a term, and a rent,
continue to be in a great degree inseparable, even from the popular
meaning of a <i>farm</i>, as they are entirely so from the legal
sense.  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A district of country leased (or farmed)
out for the collection of the revenues of government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The province was devided into twelve
<i>farms</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A lease of the
imposts on particular goods; as, the sugar <i>farm</i>, the silk
<i>farm</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereas G. H.  held the <i>farm</i> of sugars upon a
rent of 10,000 marks per annum.</blockquote> <i>State Trials
(1196).</i></p>

<p><hw>Farm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Farmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Farming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lease or let for an
equivalent, as land for a rent; to yield the use of to
proceeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are enforced to <i>farm</i> our royal
realm.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give up to another, as an estate, a
business, the revenue, etc., on condition of receiving in return a
percentage of what it yields; as, to <i>farm</i> the taxes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>farm</i> their subjects and their duties toward
these.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take at a certain rent or
rate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To devote (land) to agriculture; to
cultivate, as land; to till, as a farm.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To farm let</b></col>, <col><b>To let to farm</b></col>,
<cd>to lease on rent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Farm</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To engage in the
business of tilling the soil; to labor as a farmer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Farm"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being farmed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Farm"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fermier</i>.] <def>One who farms</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One who hires and cultivates a farm; a cultivator of leased
ground; a tenant.</def> <i>Smart.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One
who is devoted to the tillage of the soil; one who cultivates a farm;
an agriculturist; a husbandman.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One
who takes taxes, customs, excise, or other duties, to collect, either
paying a fixed annuual rent for the privilege; as, a <i>farmer</i> of
the revenues.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The lord
of the field, or one who farms the lot and cope of the
crown.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Farmer-general</b></col> [F. <i>fermier-general</i>],
<cd>one to whom the right of levying certain taxes, in a particular
district, was <i>farmed out</i>, under the former French monarchy,
for a given sum paid down.</cd> -- <col><b>Farmers' satin</b></col>,
<cd>a light material of cotton and worsted, used for coat
linings.</cd> <i>McElrath.</i> -- <col><b>The king's farmer</b></col>
<i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>one to whom the collection of a royal
revenue was farmed out.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Farm"er*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
farms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Farm"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Skill in
farming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Farm"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The buildings
and yards necessary for the business of a farm; a homestead.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Farm"house`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dwelling house
on a farm; a farmer's residence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Farm"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
agriculture; devoted to, adapted to, or engaged in, farming; as,
<i>farming</i> tools; <i>farming</i> land; a <i>farming</i>
community.</def></p>

<p><hw>Farm"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of
cultivating land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Most distant;
farthest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A spacious cave within its <i>farmost</i>
part.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Farm"stead</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A farm with the
building upon it; a homestead on a farm.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With its pleasant groves and
<i>farmsteads</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Farm"stead*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
farmstead.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Farm"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The yard or
inclosure attached to a barn, or the space inclosed by the farm
buildings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Far</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The state of being far off; distance;
remoteness.</def> [R.]  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be so called
because the Egyptian king <i>Pharaoh</i> was formerly represented
upon one of the cards.] <def>A gambling game at cards, in which all
the other players play against the dealer or banker, staking their
money upon the order in which the cards will lie and be dealt from
the pack.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Faro bank</b></col>, <cd>the capital which the proprietor
of a faro table ventures in the game; also, the place where a game of
faro is played.</cd>  <i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa`ro*ese`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>An
inhabitant, or, collectively, inhabitants, of the Faroe
islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"-off`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Remote; as, the
<i>far-off</i> distance.  Cf. <i>Far-off</i>, under <u>Far</u>,
adv.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far*rag*i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Farrago</u>.] <def>Formed of various materials; mixed; as, a
<i>farraginous</i> mountain.</def> [R.]  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>farraginous</i> concurrence of all conditions,
tempers, sexes, and ages.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Far*ra"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>farrago</i>,
<i>-aginis</i>, mixed fodder for cattle, mash, medley, fr. <i>far</i>
a sort of grain. See <u>Farina</u>.] <def>A mass composed of various
materials confusedly mixed; a medley; a mixture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A confounded <i>farrago</i> of doubts, fears, hopes,
wishes, and all the flimsy furniture of a country miss's
brain.</blockquote> <i>Sheridan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"rand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>farand</i>
beautiful; cf. Gael. <i>farranta</i> neat, stout, stately; or perh.
akin to E. <i>fare</i>.] <def>Manner; custom; fashion; humor.</def>
[Prov. Eng.] [Written also <i>farand</i>.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far`re*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>farreatio</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Confarreation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>farrour</i>,
<i>ferrer</i>, OF. <i>ferreor</i>, <i>ferrier</i>, LL.
<i>Ferrator</i>, <i>ferrarius equorum</i>, from <i>ferrare</i> to
shoe a horse, <i>ferrum</i> a horseshoe, fr. L. <i>ferrum</i> iron.
Cf. <u>Ferreous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shoer of horses; a
veterinary surgeon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"ri*er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice as a
farrier; to carry on the trade of a farrier.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"ri*er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art of shoeing horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of preventing, curing, or
mitigating diseases of horses and cattle; the veterinary
art.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The place where a smith shoes
horses.</def></p>

<p><! p. 544 !></p>

<p><hw>Far"row</hw> (f&abreve;r"r&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fearh</i> a little pig; a akin to OHG. <i>farh</i>, <i>farah</i>,
pig, dim. <i>farheli</i> little pig, G. <i>fercel</i>, D.
<i>varken</i> pig, Lith. <i>parszas</i> OIr. <i>orc</i>, L.
<i>porcus</i>, Gr. <grk>po`rkos</grk>.  Cf. <u>Pork</u>.] <def>A
litter of pigs.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"row</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Farrowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Farrowing</u>.] <def>To bring forth (young); -- said only of
swine.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"row</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot. <i>ferry cow</i>
a cow that is not with calf, D. <i>vaarkoe</i>, <i>vaars</i>, heifer,
G. <i>f&auml;rse</i>, AS. <i>fearr</i> bull, G. <i>farre</i>.  Cf.
<u>Heifer</u>.] <def>Not producing young in a given season or year; -
- said only of cows.</def></p>

<p>&fist; If a cow has had a calf, but fails in a subsequent year,
she is said to be <i>farrow</i>, or to go <i>farrow</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Far"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A farrow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Perry.</i></p>

<p><hw>Farse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Farce</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An addition to, or a
paraphrase of, some part of the Latin service in the vernacular; --
common in English before the Reformation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"see`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Able to see to a great distance; farsighted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having foresight as regards the
future.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"sight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Seeing to great distance; hence, of good judgment regarding the
remote effects of actions; sagacious.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hypermetropic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"sight`ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quality of bbeing farsighted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hypermetropia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"-stretched`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stretched
beyond ordinary limits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"ther</hw> (f&auml;r"&thlig;&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <pos><i>compar.</i></pos> of <u>Far</u>.
[<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Farthest</u> (-&thlig;&ebreve;st). See
<u>Further</u>.] [For <i>farrer</i>, OE. <i>ferrer</i>, compar. of
<i>far</i>; confused with <i>further</i>.  Cf. <u>Farthest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>More remote; more distant than something
else.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to a greater distance; beyond a
certain point; additional; further.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before our <i>farther</i> way the fates
allow.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me add a <i>farther</i> Truth.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>farther</i> change awaits us.</blockquote>
<i>MIlton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"ther</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>At or to a greater distance; more remotely; beyond; as, let us
rest with what we have, without looking <i>farther</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moreover; by way of progress in treating a
subject; as, <i>farther</i>, let us consider the probable
event.</def></p>

<p><col><b>No farther</b></col>, <cd>(used elliptically for) go no
farther; say no more, etc.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>It will be dangerous to go on. <i>No farther</i>
!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"ther</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To help onward.
[R.] See <u>Further</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"ther*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Furtherance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"ther*more`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<def>See <u>Furthermore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"ther*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Most
remote; farthest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"thest</hw> (f&auml;r"&thlig;&ebreve;st),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <pos><i>Superl.</i></pos> of <u>far</u>. [See
<u>Farther</u> and cf. <u>Furthest</u>] <def>Most distant or remote;
as, the <i>farthest</i> degree.  See <u>Furthest</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"thest</hw> <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At or to the
greatest distance. See <u>Furthest</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Far"thing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>furthing</i>,
AS. <i>fe&oacute;r&eth;ung</i>, fr. <i>fe&oacute;r&eth;a</i> fourth,
<i>fe&oacute;r</i>, <i>fe&oacute;wer</i>, four. See <u>Four</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fourth of a penny; a small copper coin of
Great Britain, being a cent in United States currency.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A very small quantity or value.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In her cup was no <i>farthing</i> seen of
grease.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A division of land.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thirty acres make a <i>farthing</i> land; nine
<i>farthings</i> a Cornish acre; and four Cornish acres a knight's
fee.</blockquote> <i>R. Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Far"thin*gale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>vardingale</i>, <i>fardingale</i>, fr. OF. <i>vertugale</i>,
<i>verdugade</i>, F. <i>vertugade</i>, <i>vertugadin</i>, from Sp.
<i>verdugado</i>, being named from its hoops, fr. <i>verdugo</i> a
young shoot of tree, fr. <i>verde</i> green, fr. L. <i>viridis</i>.
See <u>Verdant</u>.] <def>A hoop skirt or hoop petticoat, or other
light, elastic material, used to extend the petticoat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We'll revel it as bravely as the best, . . . <BR>
With ruffs and cuffs, and <i>farthingales</i> and
things.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fas"ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.,
<pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <i>fascis</i> bundle; cf. <i>fascia</i> a
band, and Gr. <grk>fa`kelos</grk> a bundle.], <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>
<def>A bundle of rods, having among them an ax with the blade
projecting, borne before the Roman magistrates as a badge of their
authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas"cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Glass Making)</i>
<def>A wire basket on the end of a rod to carry glass bottles, etc.,
to the annealing furnace; also, an iron rod to be thrust into the
mouths of bottles, and used for the same purpose; -- called also
<i>pontee</i> and <i>punty</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fas"ci*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fasci&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a band: cf. It.
<i>fascia</i>. See <u>Fasces</u>, and cf. <u>Fess</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A band, sash, or fillet; especially, in
surgery, a bandage or roller.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A flat member of an order
or building, like a flat band or broad fillet; especially, one of the
three bands which make up the architrave, in the Ionic order. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Column</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The layer of loose tissue,
often containing fat, immediately beneath the skin; the stronger
layer of connective tissue covering and investing all muscles; an
aponeurosis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A broad well-defined
band of color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas"ci*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to the fasces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Relating to a
fascia.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fas"ci*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Fas"ci*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fasciatus</i>, p. p. of <i>fasciare</i>
to envelop with bands, fr. <i>fascia</i> band. See <u>Fasces</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bound with a fillet, sash, or
bandage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Banded
or compacted together.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Flattened and
laterally widened, as are often the stems of the garden
cockscomb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Broadly banded with
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas`ci*a"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
manner of binding up; bandage; also, the condition of being
fasciated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas"ci*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fasciculus</i>, dim. of <i>fascis</i>. See <u>Fasces</u>.] <def>A
small bundle or collection; a compact cluster; as, a <i>fascicle</i>
of fibers; a <i>fascicle</i> of flowers or roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas"ci*cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Growing in a
bundle, tuft, or close cluster; as, the <i>fascicled</i> leaves of
the pine or larch; the <i>fascicled</i> roots of the dahlia;
<i>fascicled</i> muscle fibers; <i>fascicled</i> tufts of
hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas*cic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to a fascicle; fascicled; as, a <i>fascicular</i> root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas*cic"u*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
fascicled manner.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fas*cic"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Fas*cic"u*la`ted</hw> (?),}
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Grouped in a fascicle; fascicled.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fas*cic"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fasciculi</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Fascicle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little bundle; a fascicle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A division of a book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas"ci*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fascinated</u> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos>. <u>Fascinating</u> (&?;).] [L. <i>fascinare</i>; cf.
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to slander, bewitch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To influence in an uncontrollable manner; to
operate on by some powerful or irresistible charm; to bewitch; to
enchant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It has been almost universally believed that . . .
serpents can stupefy and <i>fascinate</i> the prey which they are
desirous to obtain.</blockquote> <i>Griffith (Cuvier).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excite and allure irresistibly or
powerfully; to charm; to captivate, as by physical or mental
charms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There be none of the passions that have been noted to
<i>fascinate</i> or bewitch but love and envy.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To charm; enrapture; captivate; enchant; bewitch;
attract.</p>

<p><hw>Fas`ci*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fascinatio</i>; cf. F. <i>fascination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of fascinating, bewitching, or enchanting; enchantment;
witchcraft; the exercise of a powerful or irresistible influence on
the affections or passions; unseen, inexplicable influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Turks hang old rags . . . upon their fairest
horses, and other goodly creatures, to secure them against
<i>fascination</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or condition of being
fascinated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which fascinates; a charm; a
spell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a certain bewitchery or <i>fascination</i> in
words.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fas*cine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>fascina</i> a bundle of sticks, fr. <i>fascis</i>. See
<u>Fasces</u>.] <i>(Fort. &amp; Engin.)</i> <def>A cylindrical bundle of
small sticks of wood, bound together, used in raising batteries,
filling ditches, strengthening ramparts, and making parapets; also in
revetments for river banks, and in mats for dams, jetties,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas"ci*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fascinum</i>
witchcraft, akin to <i>fascinare</i>. See <u>Fascinate</u>.]
<def>Caused or acting by witchcraft.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Fascinous</i>
diseases."  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fas*ci"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fasciol&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Fasciole</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A band of gray matter bordering the fimbria in
the brain; the dentate convolution.</def>  <i>Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fas"ci*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fasciola</i>
a little bandage. See <u>Fascia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A band
of minute tubercles, bearing modified spines, on the shells of
spatangoid sea urchins. See <u>Spatangoidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fash</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fashing</u>.] [OF. <i>faschier</i>, F. <i>f&?;cher</i>, to anger,
vex; cf. Pr. <i>fasticar</i>, <i>fastigar</i>, fr. L.
<i>fastidium</i> dilike. See <u>Fastidious</u>.] <def>To vex; to
tease; to trouble.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Fash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vexation; anxiety;
care.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Without further <i>fash</i> on my part.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fash"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fasoun</i>,
<i>facioun</i>, shape, manner, F. <i>facon</i>, orig., a making, fr.
L. <i>factio</i> a making, fr. <i>facere</i> to make. See
<u>Fact</u>, <u>Feat</u>, and cf. <u>Faction</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The make or form of anything; the style,
shape, appearance, or mode of structure; pattern, model; as, the
<i>fashion</i> of the ark, of a coat, of a house, of an altar, etc.;
workmanship; execution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fashion</i> of his countenance was
altered.</blockquote> <i>Luke ix. 29.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not like the <i>fashion</i> of your
garments.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The prevailing mode or style, especially
of dress; custom or conventional usage in respect of dress, behavior,
etiquette, etc.; particularly, the mode or style usual among persons
of good breeding; as, to dress, dance, sing, ride, etc., in the
<i>fashion</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The innocent diversions in
<i>fashion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As now existing, <i>fashion</i> is a form of social
regulation analogous to constitutional government as a form of
political regulation.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Polite, fashionable, or genteel life;
social position; good breeding; as, men of <i>fashion</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mode of action; method of conduct; manner;
custom; sort; way.</def> "After his sour <i>fashion</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>After a fashion</b></col>, <cd>to a certain extent; in a
sort.</cd> -- <col><b>Fashion piece</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>one
of the timbers which terminate the transom, and define the shape of
the stern.</cd> -- <col><b>Fashion plate</b></col>, <cd>a pictorial
design showing the prevailing style or a new style of dress.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Fash"ion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fashioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fashioning</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>faconner</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To form; to give shape or figure to; to mold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here the loud hammer <i>fashions</i> female
toys.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ingenious art . . . <BR>
Steps forth to <i>fashion</i> and refine the age.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fit; to adapt; to accommodate; -- with
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Laws ought to be <i>fashioned</i> to the manners and
conditions of the people.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make according to the rule prescribed
by custom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fashioned</i> plate sells for more than its
weight.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To forge or counterfeit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fashioning needle</b></col> <i>(Knitting Machine)</i>,
<cd>a needle used for widening or narrowing the work and thus shaping
it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fash"ion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Conforming to the fashion or established
mode; according with the prevailing form or style; as, a
<i>fashionable</i> dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Established or favored by custom or use;
current; prevailing at a particular time; as, the <i>fashionable</i>
philosophy; <i>fashionable</i> opinions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Observant of the fashion or customary
mode; dressing or behaving according to the prevailing fashion; as, a
<i>fashionable</i> man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Genteel; well-bred; as, <i>fashionable</i>
society.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time is like a <i>fashionable</i> host<BR>
That slightly shakes his parting guest by the hand.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fash"ion*a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
conforms to the fashions; -- used chiefly in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fash"ion*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being fashionable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fash"ion*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
fashionable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fash"ioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
certain style or fashion; as old-<i>fashioned</i>; new-
<i>fashioned</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fash"ion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
fashions, forms, ar gives shape to anything.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fashioner</i> had accomplished his task, and
the dresses were brought home.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fash"ion*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An obsequious
follower of the modes and fashions.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fash"ion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
fashion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fash"ion-mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
studies the fashions; a fop; a dandy.</def>  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fash"ion-mon`ger*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Behaving
like a fashion-monger.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fas"sa*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
variety of pyroxene, from the valley of <i>Fassa</i>, in the
Tyrol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fast</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fasting</u>.] [AS. <i>f&aelig;stan</i>; <i>akin to D</i>.
<i>vasten</i>, OHG. <i>fast&emacr;n</i>, G. <i>fasten</i>, Icel. &
Sw. <i>fasta</i>, Dan. <i>faste</i>, Goth. <i>fastan</i> to keep,
observe, fast, and prob. to E. <i>fast</i> firm.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To abstain from food; to omit to take nourishment in whole or in
part; to go hungry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fasting</i> he went to sleep, and <i>fasting</i>
waked.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To practice abstinence as a religious
exercise or duty; to abstain from food voluntarily for a time, for
the mortification of the body or appetites, or as a token of grief,
or humiliation and penitence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou didst <i>fast</i> and weep for the
child.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xii. 21.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fasting day</b></col>, <cd>a fast day; a day of
fasting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fast</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>faste</i>,
<i>fast</i>; cf. AS. <i>f&aelig;sten</i>, OHG. <i>fasta</i>, G.
<i>faste</i>. See <u>Fast</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abstinence from food; omission to take
nourishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Surfeit is the father of much
<i>fast</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Voluntary abstinence from food, for a
space of time, as a spiritual discipline, or as a token of religious
humiliation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A time of fasting, whether a day, week, or
longer time; a period of abstinence from food or certain kinds of
food; as, an annual <i>fast</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fast day</b></col>, <cd>a day appointed for fasting,
humiliation, and religious offices as a means of invoking the favor
of God.</cd> -- <col><b>To break one's fast</b></col>, <cd>to put an
end to a period of abstinence by taking food; especially, to take
one's morning meal; to breakfast.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fast</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Faster</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Fastest</u> (?).]
[OE., firm, strong, not loose, AS. <i>f&?;st</i>; akin to OS.
<i>fast</i>, D. <i>vast</i>, OHG. <i>fasti</i>, <i>festi</i>, G.
<i>fest</i>, Icel. <i>fastr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>fast</i>, and perh. to
E. <i>fetter</i>. The sense <i>swift</i> comes from the idea of
keeping close to what is pursued; a Scandinavian use.  Cf.
<u>Fast</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, <u>Fast</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Avast</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Firmly
fixed; closely adhering; made firm; not loose, unstable, or easily
moved; immovable; as, to make <i>fast</i> the door.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is an order that keeps things
<i>fast</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Firm against attack; fortified by nature
or art; impregnable; strong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Outlaws . . . lurking in woods and <i>fast</i>
places.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Firm in adherence; steadfast; not easily
separated or alienated; faithful; as, a <i>fast</i> friend.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Permanent; not liable to fade by exposure
to air or by washing; durable; lasting; as, <i>fast</i>
colors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Tenacious; retentive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Roses, damask and red, are <i>fast</i> flowers of
their smells.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not easily disturbed or broken; deep;
sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All this while in a most <i>fast</i>
sleep.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Moving rapidly; quick in mition; rapid;
swift; as, a <i>fast</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Given to pleasure seeking; disregardful of
restraint; reckless; wild; dissipated; dissolute; as, a <i>fast</i>
man; a <i>fast</i> liver.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fast and loose</b></col>, <cd>now cohering, now disjoined;
inconstant, esp. in the phrases <i>to play at fast and loose</i>,
<i>to play fast and loose</i>, to act with giddy or reckless
inconstancy or in a tricky manner; to say one thing and do
another.</cd> "<i>Play fast and loose</i> with faith." <i>Shak.</i> -
- <col><b>Fast and loose pulleys</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>two
pulleys placed side by side on a revolving shaft, which is driven
from another shaft by a band, and arranged to disengage and
re&euml;ngage the machinery driven thereby. When the machinery is to
be stopped, the band is transferred from the pulley fixed to the
shaft to the pulley which revolves freely upon it, and <i>vice
versa</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard and fast</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>so completely aground as to be immovable.</cd> -- <col><b>To make
fast</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to make secure; to fasten firmly,
as a vessel, a rope, or a door.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 545 !></p>

<p><hw>Fast</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>faste</i>
firmly, strongly, quickly, AS. <i>f&aelig;ste</i>.  See <u>Fast</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a fast, fixed, or
firmly established manner; fixedly; firmly; immovably.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We will bind thee <i>fast</i>.</blockquote> <i>Judg.
xv. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a fast or rapid manner; quickly;
swiftly; extravagantly; wildly; as, to run <i>fast</i>; to live
<i>fast</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fast by</b></col>, or <col><b>Fast beside</b></col>,
<cd>close or near to; near at hand.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He, after Eve seduced, unminded slunk<BR>
Into the wood <i>fast by</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fast by</i> the throne obsequious Fame
resides.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fast</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which fastens or
holds; especially, <i>(Naut.)</i> a mooring rope, hawser, or chain; -
- called, according to its position, a <i>bow</i>, <i>head</i>,
<i>quarter</i>, <i>breast</i>, or <i>stern fast</i>; also, a post on
a pier around which hawsers are passed in mooring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fastened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fastening</u> (?).] [AS. <i>f&aelig;stnian</i>; akin to OHG.
<i>festin&omacr;n</i>. See <u>Fast</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fix firmly; to make fast; to secure, as by
a knot, lock, bolt, etc.; as, to <i>fasten</i> a chain to the feet;
to <i>fasten</i> a door or window.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to hold together or to something
else; to attach or unite firmly; to cause to cleave to something , or
to cleave together, by any means; as, to <i>fasten</i> boards
together with nails or cords; to <i>fasten</i> anything in our
thoughts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The words Whig and Tory have been pressed to the
service of many successions of parties, with very different ideas
<i>fastened</i> to them.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to take close effect; to make to
tell; to lay on; as, to <i>fasten</i> a blow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I can <i>fasten</i> but one cup upon
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fasten</b></col> <col><b>a charge, or a
crime</b></col>, <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to make his guilt
certain, or so probable as to be generally believed.</cd> --
<col><b>To fasten one's eyes upon</b></col>, <cd>to look upon
steadily without cessation.</cd> <i>Acts iii. 4.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fix; cement; stick; link; affix; annex.</p>

<p><hw>Fas"ten</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fix one's self;
to take firm hold; to clinch; to cling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A horse leech will hardly <i>fasten</i> on a
fish.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fas"ten*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, makes fast or firm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas"ten*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything that
binds and makes fast, as a lock, catch, bolt, bar, buckle,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fast"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who abstains
from food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fast"-hand`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Close-
handed; close-fisted; covetous; avaricious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fas"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The Roman calendar, which gave the days for
festivals, courts, etc., corresponding to a modern almanac.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Records or registers of important
events.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas*tid`i*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Fastidiousness; squeamishness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fas*tid"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fastidiosus</i> disdainful, fr. <i>fastidium</i> loathing,
aversion, perh. fr. <i>fastus</i> arrogance (of uncertain origin) +
<i>taedium</i> loathing.  Cf. <u>Tedious</u>, <u>Fash</u>.]
<def>Difficult to please; delicate to a fault; suited with
difficulty; squeamish; as, a <i>fastidious</i> mind or ear; a
<i>fastidious</i> appetite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Proud youth ! <i>fastidious</i> of the lower
world.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Squeamish; critical; overnice; difficult;
punctilious.  -- <u>Fastidious</u>, <u>Squeamish</u>. We call a
person <i>fastidious</i> when his taste or feelings are offended by
trifling defects or errors; we call him <i>squeamish</i> when he is
excessively nice or critical on minor points, and also when he is
overscrupulous as to questions of duty. "Whoever examines his own
imperfections will cease to be <i>fastidious</i>; whoever restrains
his caprice and scrupulosity will cease to be <i>squeamish</i>."
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fas*tid"i*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fas*tid"i*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fas*tig"i*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Fas*tig"i*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fastigium</i> gable end, top, height,
summit.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Narrowing towards the top.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Clustered, parallel, and
upright, as the branches of the Lombardy poplar; pointed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>United into a conical
bundle, or into a bundle with an enlarged head, like a sheaf of
wheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fast"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rather fast;
also, somewhat dissipated.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fast"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Firmly;
surely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fast"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>f&aelig;stnes</i>, fr. <i>f&aelig;st</i> fast. See <u>Fast</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being fast
and firm; firmness; fixedness; security; faithfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All . . . places of <i>fastness</i> [are] laid
open.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fast place; a stronghold; a fortress or
fort; a secure retreat; a castle; as, the enemy retired to their
<i>fastnesses</i> in the mountains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Conciseness of style.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being fast or
swift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas"tu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fastuosus</i>, from <i>fastus</i> haughtiness, pride: cf. F.
<i>fastueux</i>.] <def>Proud; haughty; disdainful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i> -- <wf>Fas"tu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Vat</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large tub, cistern,
or vessel; a vat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fats</i> shall overflow with wine and
oil.</blockquote> <i>Joel ii. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measure of quantity, differing for
different commodities.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hebert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Fatter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Fattest</u> (?).]
[AS. <i>f&aemacr;tt</i>; akin to D. <i>vet</i>, G. <i>fett</i>,
<i>feist</i>, Icel. <i>feitr</i>, Sw. <i>fet</i>, Dan. <i>fed</i>,
and perh. to Gr. <grk>pi^dax</grk> spring, fountain,
<grk>pidy`ein</grk> to gush forth, <grk>pi`wn</grk> fat, Skr.
<i>pi</i> to swell.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with
fat</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Fleshy; characterized by
fatness; plump; corpulent; not lean; as, a <i>fat</i> man; a
<i>fat</i> ox.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Oily; greasy; unctuous;
rich; -- said of food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting the qualities of a fat animal;
coarse; heavy; gross; dull; stupid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Making our western wits <i>fat</i> and
mean.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Make the heart of this people <i>fat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Is. vi. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fertile; productive; as, a <i>fat</i>
soil; a <i>fat</i> pasture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Rich; producing a large income; desirable;
as, a <i>fat</i> benefice; a <i>fat</i> office; a <i>fat</i>
job.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now parson of Troston, a <i>fat</i> living in
Suffolk.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in riches; affluent;
fortunate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Persons grown <i>fat</i> and wealthy by long
impostures.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Typog.)</i> <def>Of a character which
enables the compositor to make large wages; -- said of matter
containing blank, cuts, or many leads, etc.; as, a <i>fat</i> take; a
<i>fat</i> page.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fat lute</b></col>, <cd>a mixture of pipe clay and oil for
filling joints.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An oily liquid or greasy substance
making up the main bulk of the adipose tissue of animals, and widely
distributed in the seeds of plants. See <i>Adipose tissue</i>, under
<u>Adipose</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Animal fats</i> are composed mainly of three distinct
fats, <i>tristearin</i>, <i>tripalmitin</i>, and <i>triolein</i>,
mixed in varying proportions. As olein is liquid at ordinary
temperatures, while the other two fats are solid, it follows that the
consistency or hardness of fats depends upon the relative proportion
of the three individual fats. During the life of an animal, the fat
is mainly in a liquid state in the fat cells, owing to the solubility
of the two solid fats in the more liquid olein at the body
temperature. Chemically, fats are composed of fatty acid, as stearic,
palmitic, oleic, etc., united with glyceryl. In butter fat, olein and
palmitin predominate, mixed with another fat characteristic of
butter, butyrin. In the vegetable kingdom many other fats or
glycerides are to be found, as myristin from nutmegs, a glyceride of
lauric acid in the fat of the bay tree, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The best or richest productions; the best
part; as, to live on the <i>fat</i> of the land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Typog.)</i> <def>Work. containing much
blank, or its equivalent, and, therefore, profitable to the
compositor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fat acid</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sebacic
acid</i>, under <u>Sebacic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fat series</b></col>,
<col><b>Fatty series</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the series of the
paraffine hydrocarbons and their derivatives; the marsh gas or
methane series.</cd> -- <col><b>Natural fats</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the group of oily substances of natural
occurrence, as butter, lard, tallow, etc., as distinguished from
certain fatlike substance of artificial production, as paraffin. Most
natural fats are essentially mixtures of triglycerides of fatty
acids.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fatted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>atting</u> (?).] [OE. <i>fatten</i>, AS. <i>f&aemacr;ttian</i>.
See <u>Fat</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Fatten</u>.] <def>To
make fat; to fatten; to make plump and fleshy with abundant food; as,
to <i>fat</i> fowls or sheep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>fat</i> all creatures else to <i>fat</i>
us.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow fat, plump, and
fleshy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An old ox <i>fats</i> as well, and is as good, as a
young one.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"tal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fatalis</i>, fr.
<i>fatum</i>: cf. F. <i>fatal</i>. See <u>Fate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from, or appointed by, fate or
destiny; necessary; inevitable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These thing are <i>fatal</i> and
necessary.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was <i>fatal</i> to the king to fight for his
money.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Foreboding death or great disaster.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>fatal</i> screech owl to our house<BR>
That nothing sung but death to us and ours.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Causing death or destruction; deadly;
mortal; destructive; calamitous; as, a <i>fatal</i> wound; a
<i>fatal</i> disease; a <i>fatal</i> day; a <i>fatal</i>
error.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fatalisme</i>.] <def>The doctrine that all things are subject to
fate, or that they take place by inevitable necessity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"tal*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fataliste</i>.] <def>One who maintains that all things happen by
inevitable necessity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa`tal*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Implying, or
partaking of the nature of, fatalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fatalities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>fatalitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>fatalit&eacute;</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being
fatal, or proceeding from destiny; invincible necessity, superior to,
and independent of, free and rational control.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Stoics held a <i>fatality</i>, and a fixed,
unalterable course of events.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being fatal; tendency to
destruction or danger, as if by decree of fate; mortaility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The year sixty-three is conceived to carry with it the
most considerable <i>fatality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ser T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By a strange <i>fatality</i> men suffer their
dissenting.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is decreed by fate or which is
fatal; a fatal event.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"tal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a manner proceeding from, or determined by, fate.</def>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a manner issuing in death or ruin;
mortally; destructively; as, <i>fatally</i> deceived or
wounded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"tal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
fatal.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fa"ta Mor*ga"na</hw> (?). [It.; -- so called because this
phenomenon was looked upon as the work of a fairy (It. <i>fata</i>)
of the name of <i>Morg&aacute;na</i>. See <u>Fairy</u>.] <def>A kind
of mirage by which distant objects appear inverted, distorted,
displaced, or multiplied. It is noticed particularly at the Straits
of Messina, between Calabria and Sicily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fat"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The menhaden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fat"-brained`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dull of
apprehension.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fatum</i> a
prophetic declaration, oracle, what is ordained by the gods, destiny,
fate, fr. <i>fari</i> to speak: cf. OF. <i>fat</i>. See <u>Fame</u>,
<u>Fable</u>, <u>Ban</u>, and cf. 1st <u>Fay</u>, <u>Fairy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fixed decree by which the order of things
is prescribed; the immutable law of the universe; inevitable
necessity; the force by which all existence is determined and
conditioned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Necessity and chance<BR>
Approach not me; and what I will is <i>fate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Beyond and above the Olympian gods lay the silent,
brooding, everlasting <i>fate</i> of which victim and tyrant were
alike the instruments.</blockquote> <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Appointed lot; allotted life; arranged or
predetermined event; destiny; especially, the final lot; doom; ruin;
death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great, th'important day, big with the
<i>fate</i><BR>
Of Cato and of Rome.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our wills and <i>fates</i> do so contrary run<BR>
That our devices still are overthrown.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The whizzing arrow sings,<BR>
<i>And bears thy fate</i>, Antinous, on its wings.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The element of chance in the affairs of
life; the unforeseen and unestimated conitions considered as a force
shaping events; fortune; esp., opposing circumstances against which
it is useless to struggle; as, <i>fate</i> was, or the <i>fates</i>
were, against him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A brave man struggling in the storms of
<i>fate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes an hour of <i>Fate's</i> serenest weather
strikes through our changeful sky its coming beams.</blockquote>
<i>B. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> [L. <i>Fata</i>, pl. of
<i>fatum</i>.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>The three goddesses, Clotho,
Lachesis, and Atropos, sometimes called the <i>Destinies</i>, or
<i>Parc&aelig;</i>who were supposed to determine the course of human
life. They are represented, one as holding the distaff, a second as
spinning, and the third as cutting off the thread.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among all nations it has been common to speak of
<i>fate</i> or destiny as a power superior to gods and men -- swaying
all things irresistibly.  This may be called the <i>fate</i> of poets
and mythologists.  Philosophical <i>fate</i> is the sum of the laws
of the universe, the product of eternal intelligence and the blind
properties of matter. Theological <i>fate</i> represents Deity as
above the laws of nature, and ordaining all things according to his
will -- the expression of that will being the law.  <i>Krauth-
Fleming.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Destiny; lot; doom; fortune; chance.</p>

<p><hw>Fat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Decreed by fate; destined; doomed; as, he was
<i>fated</i> to rule a factious people.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One midnight<BR>
<i>Fated</i> to the purpose.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Invested with the power of determining
destiny.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>fated</i> sky."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Exempted by fate.</def> [Obs. or R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fate"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. .</i></pos> <def>Having the
power of serving or accomplishing fate.</def> "The <i>fateful</i>
steel."  <i>J. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Significant of fate; ominous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fateful</i> cawings of the crow.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fate"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>-
<wf>Fate"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fat"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cyprinoid fish of the Mississippi valley
(<i>Pimephales promelas</i>); -- called also <i>black-headed
minnow</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A labroid food fish of
California; the redfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ther</hw> (f&auml;"&thlig;&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>fader</i>, AS. <i>f&aelig;der</i>; akin to OS. <i>fadar</i>,
D. <i>vader</i>, OHG. <i>fatar</i>, G. <i>vater</i>, Icel.
<i>fa&eth;ir</i> Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>fader</i>, OIr. <i>athir</i>, L.
<i>pater</i>, Gr. <grk>path`r</grk>, Skr. <i>pitr</i>, perh. fr. Skr.
<i>p&amacr;</i> protect. &radic;75, 247.  Cf. <u>Papa</u>,
<u>Paternal</u>, <u>Patriot</u>, <u>Potential</u>, <u>Pablum</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who has begotten a child, whether son or
daughter; a generator; a male parent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wise son maketh a glad <i>father</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. x. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A male ancestor more remote than a
parent; a progenitor; especially, a first ancestor; a founder of a
race or family; -- in the plural, <i>fathers</i>,
ancestors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>David slept with his <i>fathers</i>.</blockquote> <i>1
Kings ii. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Abraham, who is the <i>father</i> of us
all.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iv. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>One who performs the offices of a parent
by maintenance, affetionate care, counsel, or protection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was a <i>father</i> to the poor.</blockquote> <i>Job
xxix. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath made me a <i>father</i> to Pharaoh, and lord
of all his house.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xiv. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A respectful mode of address to an old
man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Joash the king of Israel came down unto him
[Elisha], . . . and said, O my <i>father</i>, my
<i>father</i>!</blockquote> <i>2 Kings xiii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A senator of ancient Rome.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A dignitary of the church, a superior of a
convent, a confessor (called also <i>father confessor</i>), or a
priest; also, the eldest member of a profession, or of a legislative
assembly, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bless you, good <i>father</i> friar !</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>One of the chief ecclesiastical
authorities of the first centuries after Christ; -- often spoken of
collectively as <i>the Fathers</i>; as, the Latin, Greek, or
apostolic <i>Fathers</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, gives origin; an
originator; a producer, author, or contriver; the first to practice
any art, profession, or occupation; a distinguished example or
teacher.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>father</i> of all such as handle the harp and
organ.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iv. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Might be the <i>father</i>, Harry, to that
thought.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>father</i> of good news.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The Supreme Being and Creator; God; in
theology, the first person in the Trinity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>Father</i>, which art in heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. vi. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now had the almighty <i>Father</i> from above . . .
<BR>
Bent down his eye.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Adoptive father</b></col>, <cd>one who adopts the child of
another, treating it as his own.</cd> -- <col><b>Apostolic
father</b></col>, <col><b>Conscript fathers, etc.</b></col> <cd>See
under <u>Apostolic</u>, <u>Conscript</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Father
in God</b></col>, <cd>a title given to bishops.</cd> --
<col><b>Father of lies</b></col>, <cd>the Devil.</cd> --
<col><b>Father of the bar</b></col>, <cd>the oldest practitioner at
the bar.</cd> -- <col><b>Fathers of the city</b></col>, <cd>the
aldermen.</cd> -- <col><b>Father of the Faithful</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Abraham.</cd> <i>Rom. iv.</i> <i>Gal. iii. 6-
9.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Mohammed, or one of the sultans, his
successors.</cd> -- <col><b>Father of the house</b></col>, <cd>the
member of a legislative body who has had the longest continuous
service.</cd> -- <col><b>Most Reverend Father in God</b></col>, <cd>a
title given to archbishops and metropolitans, as to the archbishops
of Canterbury and York.</cd> -- <col><b>Natural father</b></col>,
<cd>the father of an illegitimate child.</cd> -- <col><b>Putative
father</b></col>, <cd>one who is presumed to be the father of an
illegitimate child; the supposed father.</cd> -- <col><b>Spiritual
father</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A religious teacher or
guide, esp. one instrumental in leading a soul to God.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <cd>A priest who hears
confession in the sacrament of penance.</cd> -- <col><b>The Holy
Father</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>the pope.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ther</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fathered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fathering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make one's self the
father of; to beget.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cowards <i>father</i> cowards, and base things sire
base.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take as one's own child; to adopt;
hence, to assume as one's own work; to acknowledge one's self author
of or responsible for (a statement, policy, etc.).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of wit<BR>
Often <i>fathered</i> what he writ.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To provide with a father.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Think you I am no stronger than my sex,<BR>
Being so <i>fathered</i> and so husbanded ?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To father on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to
ascribe to, or charge upon, as one's offspring or work; to put or lay
upon as being responsible.</cd> "Nothing can be so uncouth or
extravagant, which may not be <i>fathered on</i> some fetch of wit,
or some caprice of humor." <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><! p. 546 !></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ther*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a father; the character or authority of a father;
paternity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ther-in-law`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fathers-in-law</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The father of one's
husband or wife; -- correlative to <i>son-in-law</i> and <i>daughter-
in-law</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A man who marries a woman having children already, is
sometimes, though erroneously, called their <i>father-in-law</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Fa"ther*land"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Imitated fr. D.
<i>vaderland</i>. See <u>Father</u>, and <u>Land</u>.] <def>One's
native land; the native land of one's fathers or ancestors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ther-lash`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European marine fish (<i>Cottus
bubalis</i>), allied to the sculpin; -- called also <i>lucky
proach</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ther*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of a living father; as, a <i>fatherless</i>
child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without a known author.</def>  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ther*less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being without a father.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ther*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Fatherly</u>.] <def>The qualities of a father; parantal kindness,
care, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ther long"legs`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Daddy longlegs</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ther*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Like a father in affection and care; paternal; tender;
protecting; careful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have showed a tender, <i>fatherly</i>
regard.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a father.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"ther*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a father; fatherhood; paternity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fath"om</hw> (f&abreve;&thlig;"&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fadme</i>, <i>fa&eth;me</i>, AS.
<i>f&aelig;&eth;m</i> fathom, the embracing arms; akin to OS.
<i>fa&eth;mos</i> the outstretched arms, D. <i>vadem</i>,
<i>vaam</i>, fathom, OHG. <i>fadom</i>, <i>fadum</i>, G. <i>faden</i>
fathom, thread, Icel. <i>fa&eth;mr</i> fathom, Sw. <i>famn</i>, Dan.
<i>favn</i>; cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to spread out,
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; outspread, flat, L. <i>patere</i> to lie open,
extend.  Cf. <u>Patent</u>, <u>Petal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
measure of length, containing six feet; the space to which a man can
extend his arms; -- used chiefly in measuring cables, cordage, and
the depth of navigable water by soundings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The measure or extant of one's capacity;
depth, as of intellect; profundity; reach; penetration.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Another of his <i>fathom</i> they have none<BR>
To lead their business.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fath"om</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fathomed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fathoming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To encompass with the arms
extended or encircling; to measure by throwing the arms about; to
span.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Purchas.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To measure by a sounding line; especially,
to sound the depth of; to penetrate, measure, and comprehend; to get
to the bottom of.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The page of life that was spread out before me seemed
dull and commonplace, only because I had not <i>fathomed</i> its
deeper import.</blockquote> <i>Hawthotne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fath"om*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being fathomed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fath"om*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
fathoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fath"om*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Incapable of being fathomed; immeasurable; that can not be
sounded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And buckle in a waist most
<i>fathomless</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incomprehensible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fathomless</i> absurdity.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa*tid"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fatidicus</i>; <i>fatum</i> fate + <i>dicere</i> to say, tell.]
<def>Having power to foretell future events; prophetic; fatiloquent;
as, the <i>fatidical</i> oak.</def> [R.] <i>Howell.</i> --
<wf>Fa*tid"i*cal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fa*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fatifer</i>; <i>fatum</i> fate + <i>ferre</i> to bear, bring.]
<def>Fate-bringing; deadly; mortal; destructive.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat"i*ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fatigabilis</i>: cf. F.  <i>fatigable</i>. See <u>Fatigue</u>.]
<def>Easily tired.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fatigatus</i>, p. p. of <i>fatigare</i>. See <i>Fatigue</i>.]
<def>Wearied; tired; fatigued.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Requickened what in flesh was
<i>fatigate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To weary; to
tire; to fatigue.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat`i*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fatigatio</i>: cf. OF. <i>fatigation</i>.] <def>Weariness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>W. Montaqu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa*tigue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>fatiguer</i> to fatigue, L. <i>fatigare</i>; cf. L. <i>affatim</i>
sufficiently.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Weariness from bodily labor or
mental exertion; lassitude or exhaustion of strength.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cause of weariness; labor; toil; as,
the <i>fatigues</i> of war.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The weakening of a metal when subjected to
repeated vibrations or strains.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fatigue call</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a summons, by
bugle or drum, to perform fatigue duties.</cd> -- <col><b>Fatigue
dress</b></col>, <cd>the working dress of soldiers.</cd> --
<col><b>Fatigue duty</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>labor exacted from
soldiers aside from the use of arms.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> --
<col><b>Fatigue party</b></col>, <cd>a party of soldiers on fatigue
duty.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fa*tigue"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fatigued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fatiguing</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [Cf. F. <i>fatiguer</i>. See
<u>Fatigue</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To weary with labor or any
bodily or mental exertion; to harass with toil; to exhaust the
strength or endurance of; to tire.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To jade; tire; weary; bore. See <u>Jade</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fa*til"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Fatiloquist</u>.] <def>Prophetic; fatidical.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa*til"o*quist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fatiloquus</i> declaring fate; <i>fatum</i> fate+ <i>Loqui</i> to
speak.] <def>A fortune teller.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fat"i*mite</hw> (?), <hw>Fat"i*mide</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Hist.)</i> <def>Descended from Fatima, the
daughter and only child of Mohammed.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A descendant of Fatima.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*tis"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fatiscense</i>, p. pr. of <i>fatiscere</i> to gape or crack open.]
<def>A gaping or opening; state of being chinky, or having
apertures.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat"-kid`neyed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gross;
lubberly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Peace, ye <i>fat-kidneyed</i> rascal !</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fat</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <def>A calf, lamb, kid, or other young animal fattened for
slaughter; a fat animal; -- said of such animals as are used for
food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sacrificed oxen and <i>fatlings</i>.</blockquote>
<i>2 Sam. vi. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Grossly;
greasily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fat"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fattens.
[R.] See <u>Fattener</u>.</def>  <i>Arbuthnit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being fat, plump, or full-fed;
corpulency; fullness of flesh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their eyes stand out with <i>fatness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. lxxiii. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence; Richness; fertility;
fruitfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rich in the <i>fatness</i> of her plenteous
soil.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which makes fat or fertile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The clouds drop <i>fatness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fattened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fattening</u> (?).] [See <u>Fat</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make fat; to feed for slaughter; to make
fleshy or plump with fat; to fill full; to fat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make fertile and fruitful; to enrich;
as, to <i>fatten</i> land; to <i>fatten</i> fields with blood.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat"ten</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow fat or
corpulent; to grow plump, thick, or fleshy; to be pampered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And villains <i>fatten</i> with the brave man's
labor.</blockquote> <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat"ten*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, fattens; that which gives fatness or fertility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fat"ti*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or
quality of being fatty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fat"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat fat;
inclined to fatness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Coleridge, a puffy, anxious, obstructed-looking,
<i>fattish</i> old man.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing fat, or
having the qualities of fat; greasy; gross; as, a <i>fatty</i>
substance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fatty acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>any one of the
paraffin series of monocarbonic acids, as formic acid, acetic, etc.;
-- so called because the higher members, as stearic and palmitic
acids, occur in the natural fats, and are themselves fatlike
substances.</cd> -- <col><b>Fatty clays</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Clay</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fatty degeneration</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a diseased condition, in which the oil globules,
naturally present in certain organs, are so multiplied as gradually
to destroy and replace the efficient parts of these organs.</cd> --
<col><b>Fatty heart</b></col>, <col><b>Fatty liver</b></col>,
<cd>etc. <i>(Med.)</i>, a heart, liver, etc., which have been the
subjects of fatty degeneration or infiltration.</cd> -- <col><b>Fatty
infiltration</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a condition in which there
is an excessive accumulation of fat in an organ, without destruction
of any essential parts of the latter.</cd> -- <col><b>Fatty
tumor</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a tumor consisting of fatty or
adipose tissue; lipoma.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fa*tu"i*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stupid;
fatuous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*tu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fatuitas</i>,
fr. <i>fatuus</i> foolish: cf. F. <i>fatuit&eacute;</i> Cf.
<u>Fatuous</u>.] <def>Weakness or imbecility of mind;
stupidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those many forms of popular
<i>fatuity</i>.</blockquote> <i>I Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fatuus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Feeble in mind; weak; silly; stupid; foolish;
fatuitous.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without reality; illusory, like the
<i>ignis fatuus</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thence <i>fatuous</i> fires and meteors take their
birth.</blockquote> <i>Danham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fat"-wit`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dull;
stupid.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fau`bourg"</hw> (f&omacr;`b&oomac;r"; E.
f&omacr;"b&oomac;rg), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A suburb of a
French city; also, a district now within a city, but formerly without
its walls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fau"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fauces</i>
throat.] <def>Pertaining to the fauces, or opening of the throat;
faucial;</def> esp., <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>produced in the fauces, as
certain deep guttural sounds found in the Semitic and some other
languages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ayin is the most difficult of the
<i>faucals</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor (The Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fau"ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The narrow passage from the
mouth to the pharynx, situated between the soft palate and the base
of the tongue; -- called also the <i>isthmus of the fauces</i>.  On
either side of the passage two membranous folds, called the
<i>pillars of the fauces</i>, inclose the tonsils.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The throat of a calyx,
corolla, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>That portion of the
interior of a spiral shell which can be seen by looking into the
aperture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fau"cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fausset</i>,
perh. fr. L. <i>fauces</i> throat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fixture
for drawing a liquid, as water, molasses, oil, etc., from a pipe,
cask, or other vessel, in such quantities as may be desired; --
called also <i>tap</i>, and <i>cock</i>. It consists of a tubular
spout, stopped with a movable plug, spigot, valve, or
slide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The enlarged end of a section of pipe
which receives the spigot end of the next section.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fau"chion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Falchion</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fau"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the fauces; pharyngeal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Faugh</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Foh</u>.]
<def>An exclamation of contempt, disgust, or abhorrence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Faul"chion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Falchion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Faul"con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Falcon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fauld</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The arch over the
dam of a blast furnace; the tymp arch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Faule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fall or falling
band.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These laces, ribbons, and these
<i>faules</i>.</blockquote> <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fault</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>faut</i>,
<i>faute</i>, F. <i>faute</i> (cf. It., Sp., &amp; Pg. <i>falta</i>), fr.
a verb meaning <i>to want</i>, <i>fail</i>, freq., fr. L.
<i>fallere</i> to deceive. See <u>Fail</u>, and cf. <u>Default</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Defect; want; lack; default.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One, it pleases me, for <i>fault</i> of a better, to
call my friend.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that fails, that is wanting, or
that impairs excellence; a failing; a defect; a blemish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As patches set upon a little breach<BR>
Discredit more in hiding of the <i>fault</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A moral failing; a defect or dereliction
from duty; a deviation from propriety; an offense less serious than a
crime.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geol. &amp; Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A dislocation of the strata of the vein.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In coal seams, coal rendered worthless by
impurities in the seam; as, slate <i>fault</i>, dirt <i>fault</i>,
etc.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Hunting)</i> <def>A lost scent; act of
losing the scent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ceasing their clamorous cry till they have
singled,<BR>
With much ado, the cold <i>fault</i> cleary out.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Tennis)</i> <def>Failure to serve the ball
into the proper court.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At fault</b></col>, <cd>unable to find the scent and
continue chase; hence, in trouble or embarrassment, and unable to
proceed; puzzled; thrown off the track.</cd> -- <col><b>To find
fault</b></col>, <cd>to find reason for blaming or complaining; to
express dissatisfaction; to complain; -- followed by <i>with</i>
before the thing complained of; but formerly by <i>at</i>.</cd>
"Matter <i>to find fault at</i>."  <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia).</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- -- Error; blemish; defect; imperfection; weakness;
blunder; failing; vice.  -- <u>Fault</u>, <u>Failing</u>,
<u>Defect</u>, <u>Foible</u>. A <i>fault</i> is positive, something
morally wrong; a <i>failing</i> is negative, some weakness or falling
short in a man's character, disposition, or habits; a <i>defect</i>
is also negative, and as applied to character is the absence of
anything which is necessary to its completeness or perfection; a
<i>foible</i> is a less important weakness, which we overlook or
smile at. A man may have many <i>failings</i>, and yet commit but few
<i>faults</i>; or his <i>faults</i> and <i>failings</i> may be few,
while his <i>foibles</i> are obvious to all. The <i>faults</i> of a
friend are often palliated or explained away into mere
<i>defects</i>, and the <i>defects</i> or <i>foibles</i> of an enemy
exaggerated into <i>faults</i>. "I have <i>failings</i> in common
with every human being, besides my own peculiar <i>faults</i>; but of
avarice I have generally held myself guiltless." <i>Fox.</i>
"Presumption and self-applause are the <i>foibles</i> of mankind."
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fault</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Faulted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Faulting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To charge with a fault; to
accuse; to find fault with; to blame.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For that I will not <i>fault</i> thee.</blockquote>
<i>Old Song.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>To interrupt the continuity
of (rock strata) by displacement along a plane of fracture; --
chiefly used in the p. p.; as, the coal beds are badly
<i>faulted</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fault</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To err; to blunder,
to commit a fault; to do wrong.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If after Samuel's death the people had asked of God a
king, they had not <i>faulted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fault"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who commits a
fault.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Behold the <i>faulter</i> here in sight.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fault"-find`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes a practice of discovering others' faults and censuring them; a
scold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fault"-find`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
finding fault or blaming; -- used derogatively. Also
<pos><i>Adj.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Fault"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of faults
or sins.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fault"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a faulty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fault"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being faulty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Round, even to <i>faultiness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fault"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The
state or condition of being faulted; the process by which a fault is
produced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fault"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without fault; not
defective or imperfect; free from blemish; free from incorrectness,
vice, or offense; perfect; as, a <i>faultless</i> poem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whoever thinks a <i>faultless</i> piece to see,<BR>
Thinks what ne'er was, nor is, nor e'er shall be.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blameless; spotless; perfect. See
<u>Blameless</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Fault"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>-
<wf>Fault"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fault"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Containing faults, blemishes, or defects; imperfect; not fit for
the use intended.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Created once<BR>
So goodly and erect, though <i>faulty</i> since.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Guilty of a fault, or of faults; hence,
blamable; worthy of censure.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king doth speak . . . as one which is
<i>faulty</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xiv. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Faun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Faunus</i>, fr.
<i>favere</i> to be favorable. See <u>Favor</u>.] <i>(Rom. Myth.)</i>
<def>A god of fields and shipherds, diddering little from the satyr.
The fauns are usually represented as half goat and half
man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Satyr or <i>Faun</i>, or Sylvan.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fau"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf. F.
<i>faune</i>. See <u>Faun</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The animals
of any given area or epoch; as, the <i>fauna</i> of America; fossil
<i>fauna</i>; recent <i>fauna</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fau"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
fauna.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fau"nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who describes
the fauna of country; a naturalist.</def>  <i>Gilbert White.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fau"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fauni</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>See
<u>Faun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fau"sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>llysowen</i>
eel, <i>ll</i> sounding in Welsh almost like <i>fl</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young eel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Fausse`-braye"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fausse-
braie</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A second rampart, exterior to, and
parallel to, the main rampart, and considerably below its
level.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fau`teuil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Faldistory</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An armchair; hence
(because the members sit in fauteuils or armchairs), membership in
the French Academy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Chair of a presiding officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fau"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., contr. fr.
<i>favitor</i>, fr. <i>favere</i> to be favorable: cf. F.
<i>fauteur</i>. See <u>Favor</u>.] <def>A favorer; a patron; one who
gives countenance or support; an abettor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king and the <i>fautors</i> of his
proceedings.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fau"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fauutrix</i>:
cf. F. <i>fautrice</i>.] <def>A patroness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fau`vette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. fr.
<i>fauve</i> fawn-colored.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small singing
bird, as the nightingale and warblers.</def></p>

<p><! p. 547 !></p>

<p><hw>||Faux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fauces</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>See <u>Fauces</u>.</def></p>

<p>
<hw>||faux` pas"</hw> (?). [F. See <u>False</u>, and <u>Pas</u>.]
<def>A false step; a mistake or wrong measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*vag"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>favus</i>
a honeycomb.] <def>Formed like, or resembling, a honeycomb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Favus</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>fauvel</i>,
<i>favel</i>, dim. of F. <i>fauve</i>; of German oigin. See
<u>Fallow</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Yellow; fal&?;ow;
dun.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A horse of a favel or
dun color.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To curry favel</b></col>. <cd>See <i>To curry favor</i>,
under <u>Favor</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>favele</i>, fr. L.
<i>fabella</i> short fable, dim. of <i>fabula</i>. See <u>Fable</u>.]
<def>Flattery; cajolery; deceit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fa*vel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., prob. from L.
<i>favus</i> a honeycomb.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A group of spores
arranged without order and covered with a thin gelatinous envelope,
as in certain delicate red alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*ve"o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>favus</i>
honeycomb.] <def>Honeycomb; having cavities or cells, somewhat
resembling those of a honeycomb; alveolate; favose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa*vil"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>favilla</i>
sparkling or glowing ashes.] <def>Of or pertaining to ashes.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Light and <i>favillous</i> particles.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa*vo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Favonius</i>
the west wind.] <def>Pertaining to the west wind; soft; mild;
gentle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>favour</i>.] [OF. <i>favor</i>, F. <i>faveur</i>, L. <i>favor</i>,
fr. <i>favere</i> to be favorable, cf. Skr. <i>bh&amacr;vaya</i> to
further, foster, causative of <i>bh&umacr;</i> to become, be.  Cf.
<u>Be</u>. In the phrase <i>to curry favor</i>, <i>favor</i> is prob.
for <i>favel</i> a horse. See 2d <u>Favel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Kind regard; propitious aspect; countenance; friendly
disposition; kindness; good will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath crawled into the <i>favor</i> of the
king.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of countenancing, or the condition
of being countenanced, or regarded propitiously; support; promotion;
befriending.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But found no <i>favor</i> in his lady's
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in
<i>favor</i> with God and man.</blockquote> <i>Luke ii. 52.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind act or office; kindness done or
granted; benevolence shown by word or deed; an act of grace or good
will, as distinct from justice or remuneration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beg one <i>favor</i> at thy gracious
hand.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mildness or mitigation of punishment;
lenity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I could not discover the lenity and <i>favor</i> of
this sentence.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The object of regard; person or thing
favored.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All these his wondrous works, but chiefly man,<BR>
His chief delight and <i>favor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A gift or represent; something bestowed as
an evidence of good will; a token of love; a knot of ribbons;
something worn as a token of affection; as, a marriage <i>favor</i>
is a bunch or knot of white ribbons or white flowers worn at a
wedding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wear thou this <i>favor</i> for me, and stick it in
thy cap.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Appearance; look; countenance; face.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This boy is fair, of female <i>favor</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Partiality; bias.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A letter or epistle; -- so called in
civility or compliment; as, your <i>favor</i> of yesterday is
received.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Love locks.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Challenge</b></col> <col><b>to the favor or for
favor</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the challenge of a juror on grounds
not sufficient to constitute a principal challenge, but sufficient to
give rise to a probable suspicion of favor or bias, such as
acquaintance, business relation, etc. See <i>Principal challenge</i>,
under <u>Challenge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>In favor of</b></col>,
<cd>upon the side of; favorable to; for the advantage of.</cd> --
<col><b>In favor with</b></col>, <cd>favored, countenanced, or
encouraged by.</cd> -- <col><b>To curry favor</b></col> [see the
etymology of <u>Favor</u>, above], <cd>to seek to gain favor by
flattery, caresses, kindness, or officious civilities.</cd> --
<col><b>With one's favor</b></col>, or <col><b>By one's
favor</b></col>, <cd>with leave; by kind permission.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>But, <i>with your favor</i>, I will treat it
here.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Kindness; countenance; patronage; support; lenity;
grace; gift; present; benefit.</p>

<p><hw>Fa"vor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Favored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Favoring</u>.] [Written also <i>favour</i>.] [Cf. OF.
<i>favorer</i>, <i>favorir</i>. See <u>Favor</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To regard with
kindness; to support; to aid, or to have the disposition to aid, or
to wish success to; to be propitious to; to countenance; to treat
with consideration or tenderness; to show partiality or unfair bias
towards.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O happy youth! and <i>favored</i> of the
skies.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that <i>favoreth</i> Joab, . . . let him go after
Joab.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xx. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[The painter] has <i>favored</i> her squint
admirably.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To afford advantages for success to; to
facilitate; as, a weak place <i>favored</i> the entrance of the
enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To resemble in features; to have the
aspect or looks of; as, the child <i>favors</i> his father.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The porter owned that the gentleman <i>favored</i> his
master.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vor*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>favourable</i>.] [F. <i>favorable</i>, L. <i>favorabilis</i>
favored, popular, pleasing, fr. <i>favor</i>. See <u>Favor</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of favor;
favoring; manifesting partiality; kind; propitious;
friendly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lend <i>favorable</i> ears to our
request.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord, thou hast been <i>favorable</i> unto thy
land.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxxv. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conducive; contributing; tending to
promote or facilitate; advantageous; convenient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A place very <i>favorable</i> for the making levies of
men.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The temper of the climate, <i>favorable</i> to
generation, health, and long life.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Beautiful; well-favored.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fa"vora*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fa"vor*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>sdv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>faborableness</i> of the present times to all
extertions in the cause of liberty.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Countenanced; aided; regarded with kidness; as, a <i>favored</i>
friend.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a certain favor or appearance;
featured; as, well-<i>favored</i>; hard-<i>favored</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vored*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a favored
or a favorable manner; favorably.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Deut. xvii. 1.
Arscham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vored*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Appearance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fa"vor*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favors;
one who regards with kindness or friendship; a well-wisher; one who
assists or promotes success or prosperity.</def> [Written also
<i>favourer</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And come to us as <i>favorers</i>, not as
foes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vor*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
favors or gives countenance.</def> [Written also
<i>fovouress</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Fa"vor*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That favors.</def>
-- <wf>Fa"vor*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vor*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>favorit</i>
favored, F. <i>favori</i>, fem. <i>favorite</i>, p. p. of OF.
<i>favorir</i>, cf. It. <i>favorito</i>, frm. <i>favorita</i>, fr.
<i>favorire</i> to favor. See <u>Favor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person or thing regarded with peculiar favor; one treated with
partiality; one preferred above others; especially, one unduly loved,
trusted, and enriched with favors by a person of high rank or
authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Committing to a wicked <i>favorite</i><BR>
All public cares.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Short curls dangling over the
temples; -- fashionable in the reign of Charles II.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Farquhar.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Sporting)</i> <def>The competitor (as a
horse in a race) that is judged most likely to win; the competitor
standing highest in the betting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vor*ite</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Regarded with
particular affection, esteem, or preference; as, a <i>favorite</i>
walk; a <i>favorite</i> child.</def> "His <i>favorite</i> argument."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vor*it*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>favoritisme</i>.] <def>The disposition to favor and promote the
interest of one person or family, or of one class of men, to the
neglect of others having equal claims; partiality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A spirit of <i>favoritism</i> to the Bank of the
United States.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa"vor*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Unfavored; not regarded with favor; having no countenance or
support.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unpropitious; unfavorable.</def> [Obs.]
"Fortune <i>favorless</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fa*vose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>favus</i>
honeycomb.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Honeycombed. See
<u>Faveolate</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
disease called favus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fav"o*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or pertaining to the genus Favosites.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fav`o*si"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Favose</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of fossil corals
abundant in the Silurian and Devonian rocks, having polygonal cells
with perforated walls.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fa"vus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., honeycomb.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease of the scalp,
produced by a vegetable parasite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tile or flagstone cut into an hexagonal
shape to produce a honeycomb pattern, as in a pavement; -- called
also <i>favas</i> and <i>sectila</i>.</def>  <i>Mollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fawe</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Fain</u>.]
<def>Fain; glad; delighted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fawk"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Falconer</u>.]
<def>A falconer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fawn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>faon</i> the young
one of any beast, a fawn, F. <i>faon</i> a fawn, for <i>fedon</i>,
fr. L. <i>fetus</i>. See <u>Fetus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young deer; a buck or doe of the first
year. See <u>Buck</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The young of an animal; a whelp.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[The tigress] . . . followeth . . . after her
<i>fawns</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fawn color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fawn</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the color of a fawn;
fawn-colored.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fawn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>faonner</i>.]
<def>To bring forth a fawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fawn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fawned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fawning</u>.] [OE. <i>fawnen</i>, <i>fainen</i>, <i>fagnien</i>,
to rejoice, welcome, flatter, AS. <i>f&aelig;gnian</i> to rejoice;
akin to Icel. <i>fagna</i> to rejoice, welcome. See <u>Fain</u>.]
<def>To court favor by low cringing, frisking, etc., as a dog; to
flatter meanly; -- often followed by <i>on</i> or
<i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You showed your teeth like apes, and <i>fawned</i>
like hounds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou with trembling fear,<BR>
Or like a <i>fawning</i> parasite, obeyest.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Courtiers who <i>fawn</i> on a master while they
betray him.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fawn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A servile cringe or bow;
mean flattery; sycophancy.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fawn"-col`ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
color of a fawn; light yellowish brown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fawn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fawns; a
sycophant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fawn"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fawning
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Faxed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>feaxede</i>
haired, fr. <i>feax</i> hair.  Cf. <u>Paxwax</u>.] <def>Hairy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>amden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>f&eacute;e</i>. See
<u>Fate</u>, and cf. <u>Fairy</u>.] <def>A fairy; an elf.</def>
"Yellow-skirted <i>fays</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>fei</i>, F. <i>foi</i>.
See <u>Faith</u>.] <def>Faith; as, by my <i>fay</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fay</hw> (f&amacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>fayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Faying</u>.] [OE. <i>feien</i>, v.t. &amp; i., AS. <i>f&emacr;gan</i>
to join, unite; akin to OS. <i>f&omacr;gian</i>, D. <i>voegen</i>,
OHG. <i>fuogen</i>, G. <i>f&uuml;gen</i>, Sw. <i>foga</i>. See
<u>Fair</u>, and cf. <u>Fadge</u>.] <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>To
fit; to join; to unite closely, as two pieces of wood, so as to make
the surface fit together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fay</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<def>To lie close together; to fit; to fadge; -- often with
<i>in</i>, <i>into</i>, <i>with</i>, or <i>together</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Faying surface</b></col>, <cd>that surface of an object
which comes with another object to which it is fastened; -- said of
plates, angle irons, etc., that are riveted together in
shipwork.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fay"al*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the
island <i>Fayal</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A black, greenish, or
brownish mineral of the chrysolite group. It is a silicate of
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fa`y*ence"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fa&?;ence</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fay"tour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Faitour</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Faze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Feeze</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Faz"zo*let`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>fazzoletto</i>.] <def>A handkerchief.</def> [R.]
<i>percival.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fea"ber*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>feabe</i>, <i>theabe</i>, <i>thape</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
gooseberry.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feague</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>fegen</i>
to sweep, Icel. <i>f&aelig;gia</i> to cleanse, polish, E.
<i>fair</i>, <i>fay</i>, to fit, <i>fey</i> to cleanse.] <def>To beat
or whip; to drive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>feal</i>,
<i>feel</i>, <i>feeil</i>, <i>fedeil</i>, F. <i>fid&egrave;le</i>, L.
<i>fidelis</i> faithful, fr. <i>fides</i> faith. See <u>Faith</u>.]
<def>Faithful; loyal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>faute</i>, OF.
<i>faut&eacute;</i>, <i>fealt&eacute;</i>, <i>feel&eacute;</i>,
<i>feelteit</i>, fr. L. <i>fidelitas</i>, fr. <i>fidelis</i>
faithful. See <u>Feal</u>, and cf. <i>Fidelity</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fidelity to one's lord; the feudal obligation
by which the tenant or vassal was bound to be faithful to his lord;
the special oath by which this obligation was assumed; fidelity to a
superior power, or to a government; loyality. It is no longer the
practice to exact the performance of fealty, as a feudal
obligation.</def>  <i>Wharton (Law Dict. ). Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fidelity; constancy; faithfulness, as of a
friend to a friend, or of a wife to her husband.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He should maintain <i>fealty</i> to God.</blockquote>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Makes wicked lightnings of her eyes, and saps<BR>
The <i>fealty</i> of our friends.</blockquote> <i>tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Swore <i>fealty</i> to the new
government.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Fealty</i> is distinguished from <i>homage</i>, which is
an acknowledgment of tenure, while <i>fealty</i> implies an oath. See
<u>Homage</u>.  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Homage; loyality; fidelity; constancy.</p>

<p><hw>Fear</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Fere</u>, a mate, a companion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fer</i>, <i>feer</i>,
<i>fere</i>, AS. <i>f&?;r</i> a coming suddenly upon, fear, danger;
akin to D. <i>vaar</i>, OHG. <i>f&amacr;ra</i> danger, G.
<i>gefahr</i>, Icel. <i>f&amacr;r</i> harm, mischief, plague, and to
E. <i>fare</i>, <i>peril</i>. See <u>Fare</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A painful emotion or passion excited by the expectation of evil,
or the apprehension of impending danger; apprehension; anxiety;
solicitude; alarm; dread.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The degrees of this passion, beginning with the most
moderate, may be thus expressed, -- <i>apprehension</i>, <i>fear</i>,
<i>dread</i>, <i>fright</i>, <i>terror</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fear</i> is an uneasiness of the mind, upon the
thought of future evil likely to befall us.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where no hope is left, is left no
<i>fear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Apprehension of incurring, or solicitude to avoid, God's wrath;
the trembling and awful reverence felt toward the Supreme
Belng.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Respectful reverence for men of
authority or worth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will put my <i>fear</i> in their
hearts.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xxxii. 40.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will teach you the <i>fear</i> of the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxiv. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>render therefore to all their dues; tribute to whom
tribute is due . . . <i>fear</i> to whom <i>fear</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. xiii. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which causes, or which is the object
of, apprehension or alarm; source or occasion of terror; danger;
dreadfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There were they in great fear, where no <i>fear</i>
was.</blockquote> <i>Ps. liii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fear</i> of your adventure would counsel you to
a more equal enterprise.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>For fear</b></col>, <cd>in apprehension lest.</cd> "For
<i>fear</i> you ne'er see chain nor money more."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Feared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fearing</u>.] [OE. <i>feren</i>, <i>faeren</i>, to frighten, to be
afraid, AS. <i>f&?;ran</i> to terrify. See <u>Fear</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel a painful
apprehension of; to be afraid of; to consider or expect with emotion
of alarm or solicitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>fear</i> no evil, for thou art with
me.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxiii. 4.</i></p>

<p>With subordinate clause.</p>

<p><blockquote>I greatly <i>fear</i> my money is not
safe.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I almost <i>fear</i> to quit your hand.</blockquote>
<i>D. Jerrold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a reverential awe of; to
solicitous to avoid the displeasure of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leave them to God above; him serve and
<i>fear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be anxious or solicitous for.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sins of the father are to be laid upon the
children, therefore . . . I <i>fear</i> you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To suspect; to doubt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ay what else, <i>fear</i> you not her
courage?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To affright; to terrify; to drive away or
prevent approach of by fear.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>fear</i> their people from doing evil.</blockquote>
<i>Robynsin (More's utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tush, tush! <i>fear</i> boys with bugs.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To apprehend; dread; reverence; venerate.</p>

<p><hw>Fear</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be in apprehension
of evil; to be afraid; to feel anxiety on account of some expected
evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I exceedingly <i>fear</i> and quake.</blockquote>
<i>Heb. xii. 21.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fear"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
fars.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fear"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of fear, apprehension, or alarm; afraid;
frightened.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anxious amidst all their success, and <i>fearful</i>
amidat all their power.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>inclined to fear; easily frightened;
without courage; timid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What man is there that is <i>fearful</i> and faint-
hearted?</blockquote> <i>Deut. xx. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Indicating, or caused by, fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cold <i>fearful</i> drops stand on my trembling
flesh.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Inspiring fear or awe; exciting
apprehension or terror; terrible; frightful; dreadful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This glorious and <i>fearful</i> name, <u>The Lord thy
God</u>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxviii. 58.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Death is a <i>fearful</i> thing.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In dreams they <i>fearful</i> precipices
tread.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Apprehensive; afraid; timid; timorous; horrible;
distressing; shocking; frightful; dreadful; awful.</p>

<p><hw>Fear"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fearful
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fear"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being fearful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fear"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
fear.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bold; courageous; intrepid; valorous; valiant;
brave; undaunted; dauntless; heroic.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Fear"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fear"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fear"naught`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fearless person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stout woolen cloth of great thickness;
dreadnaught; also, a warm garment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fear"some</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Frightful; causing fear.</def> [Scotch] "This <i>fearsome</i>
wind."  <i>Sir W. Scott</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Easily frightened; timid; timorous.</def>
"A silly <i>fearsome</i> thing."  <i>B. Taylor</i></p>

<p><! p. 548 !></p>

<p><hw>Fea"si*bil*ity</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Feasibilities</b></plw> (-tiz). [from <u>Feasible</u>]
<def>The quality of being feasible; practicability; also, that which
is feasible; as, before we adopt a plan, let us consider its
<i>feasibility</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men often swallow falsities for truths, dubiosities
for certainties, possibilities for <i>feasibilities</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fea"si*ble</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>faisable</i>,
fr. <i>faire</i> to make or do, fr. L. <i>facere</i>. See
<u>Fact</u>, <u>Feat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being
done, executed, or effected; practicable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Always existing before their eyes as a thing
<i>feasible</i> in practice.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was not <i>feasible</i> to gratify so many
ambitions.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fit to be used or tailed, as land.</def>
[R.]  <i>R. Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><wf>Fea"si*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  --
<wf>Fea"si*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Feast</hw> (f&emacr;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>feste</i> festival, holiday, feast, OF. <i>feste</i> festival, F.
<i>f&ecirc;te</i>, fr. L. <i>festum</i>, pl. <i>festa</i>, fr.
<i>festus</i> joyful, festal; of uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Fair</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Festal</u>, <u>F&ecirc;te</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A festival; a holiday; a solemn, or more
commonly, a joyous, anniversary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The seventh day shall be a <i>feast</i> to the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xiii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now his parents went to Jerusalem every year at the
<i>feast</i> of the passover.</blockquote> <i>Luke ii. 41.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Ecclesiastical <i>feasts</i> are called <i>immovable</i>
when they always occur on the same day of the year; otherwise they
are called <i>movable</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A festive or joyous meal; a grand,
ceremonious, or sumptuous entertainment, of which many guests
partake; a banquet characterized by tempting variety and abundance of
food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Enough is as good as a <i>feast</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Old Proverb.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Belshazzar the King made a great <i>feast</i> to a
thousand of his lords.</blockquote> <i>Dan. v. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is partaken of, or shared in,
with delight; something highly agreeable; entertainment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>feast</i> of reason, and the flow of
soul.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Feast day</b></col>, <cd>a holiday; a day set as a solemn
commemorative festival.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Entertainment; regale; banquet; treat; carousal;
festivity; festival.  -- <u>Feast</u>, <u>Banquet</u>,
<u>Festival</u>, <u>Carousal</u>. A <i>feast</i> sets before us
viands superior in quantity, variety, and abundance; a <i>banquet</i>
is a luxurious feast; a <i>festival</i> is the joyful celebration by
good cheer of some agreeable event. <i>Carousal</i> is unrestrained
indulgence in frolic and drink.</p>

<p><hw>Feast</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Feasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Feasting</u>.] [OE. <i>festen</i>, cf. OF. <i>fester</i> to rest
from work, F. <i>f&ecirc;ter</i> to celebrate a holiday. See
<u>Feast</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To eat
sumptuously; to dine or sup on rich provisions, particularly in large
companies, and on public festivals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And his sons went and <i>feasted</i> in their
houses.</blockquote> <i>Job. i. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be highly gratified or
delighted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With my love's picture then my eye doth
<i>feast</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feast</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
entertain with sumptuous provisions; to treat at the table
bountifully; as, he was <i>feasted</i> by the king.</def>
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To delight; to gratify; as, to
<i>feast</i> the soul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Feast</i> your ears with the music a
while.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feast"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who fares deliciously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who entertains magnificently.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feast"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Festive; festal;
joyful; sumptuous; luxurious.</def> "<i>Feastful</i> days."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Feast"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Feat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fet</i>, OF.
<i>fet</i>, <i>fait</i>, F. <i>fait</i>, <i>factum</i>, fr. L.
<i>facere</i>, <i>factum</i>, to make or do.  Cf. <u>Fact</u>,
<u>Feasible</u>, <u>Do</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An act; a deed;
an exploit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The warlike <i>feats</i> I have done.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A striking act of strength, skill, or
cunning; a trick; as, <i>feats</i> of horsemanship, or of
dexterity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form; to
fashion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To the more mature,<BR>
A glass that <i>feated</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feat</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Feater</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Featest</u>.] [F.
<i>fait</i> made, shaped, fit, p. p. of <i>faire</i> to make or do.
See <u>Feat</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Dexterous in movements or
service; skillful; neat; nice; pretty.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Never master had a page . . . so
<i>feat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And look how well my garments sit upon me --<BR>
Much <i>feater</i> than before.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feat"-bod`ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
feat or trim body.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feat"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>faitis</i>, <i>faitice</i>, <i>fetis</i>, well made, fine, L.
<i>facticius</i> made by art.] <def>Dexterous; neat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Feat"e*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er</hw> (f&ebreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fether</i>, AS. <i>fe&eth;er</i>; akin
to D. <i>veder</i>, OHG. <i>fedara</i>, G. <i>feder</i>, Icel.
<i>fj&ouml;&eth;r</i>, Sw. <i>fj&auml;der</i>, Dan.
<i>fj&aelig;der</i>, Gr. <grk>ptero`n</grk> wing, feather,
<grk>pe`tesqai</grk> to fly, Skr. <i>pattra</i> wing, feather,
<i>pat</i> to fly, and prob. to L. <i>penna</i> feather, wing.
&radic;76, 248.  Cf. <u>Pen</u> a feather.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the peculiar dermal appendages, of several kinds,
belonging to birds, as contour feathers, quills, and down.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An ordinary feather consists of the quill or hollow basal
part of the stem; the shaft or rachis, forming the upper, solid part
of the stem; the vanes or webs, implanted on the rachis and
consisting of a series of slender lamin&aelig; or barbs, which
usually bear barbules, which in turn usually bear barbicels and
interlocking hooks by which they are fastened together. See
<u>Down</u>, <u>Quill</u>, <u>Plumage</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Kind; nature; species; -- from the
proverbial phrase, "Birds of a feather," that is, of the same
species.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am not of that <i>feather</i> to shake off<BR>
My friend when he must need me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The fringe of long hair on the legs of the
setter and some other dogs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A tuft of peculiar, long, frizzly hair on
a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One of the fins or wings on the shaft of
an arrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mach. &amp; Carp.)</i> <def>A longitudinal
strip projecting as a fin from an object, to strengthen it, or to
enter a channel in another object and thereby prevent displacement
sidwise but permit motion lengthwise; a spline.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A thin wedge driven between the two
semicylindrical parts of a divided plug in a hole bored in a stone,
to rend the stone.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The angular adjustment of an oar or
paddle-wheel float, with reference to a horizontal axis, as it leaves
or enters the water.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Feather</i> is used adjectively or in combination,
meaning <i>composed of</i>, or <i>resembling</i>, <i>a feather or
feathers</i>; as, <i>feather</i> fan, <i>feather</i>-heeled,
<i>feather</i> duster.</p>

<p>   <col><b>Feather alum</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a hydrous
sulphate of alumina, resulting from volcanic action, and from the
decomposition of iron pyrites; -- called also
<i>halotrichite</i>.</cd> <i>Ure.</i> -- <col><b>Feather
bed</b></col>, <cd>a bed filled with feathers.</cd> --
<col><b>Feather driver</b></col>, <cd>one who prepares feathers by
beating.</cd> -- <col><b>Feather duster</b></col>, <cd>a dusting
brush of feathers.</cd> -- <col><b>Feather flower</b></col>, <cd>an
artifical flower made of feathers, for ladies' headdresses, and other
ornamental purposes.</cd> -- <col><b>Feather grass</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of grass (<i>Stipa pennata</i>) which has a
long feathery awn rising from one of the chaffy scales which inclose
the grain.</cd> -- <col><b>Feather maker</b></col>, <cd>one who makes
plumes, etc., of feathers, real or artificial.</cd> --
<col><b>Feather ore</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a sulphide of
antimony and lead, sometimes found in capillary forms and like a
cobweb, but also massive. It is a variety of Jamesonite.</cd> --
<col><b>Feather shot</b></col>, or <col><b>Feathered shot</b></col>
<i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>copper granulated by pouring into cold
water.</cd> <i>Raymond.</i> -- <col><b>Feather spray</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the spray thrown up, like pairs of feathers, by
the cutwater of a fast-moving vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Feather
star</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Comatula</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Feather weight</b></col>. <i>(Racing)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Scrupulously exact weight, so that a feather would turn the
scale, when a jockey is weighed or weighted.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The lightest weight that can be put on the back of a horse in
racing.</cd> <i>Youatt.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>In wrestling,
boxing, etc., a term applied to the lightest of the classes into
which contestants are divided; -- in contradistinction to <i>light
weight</i>, <i>middle weight</i>, and <i>heavy weight</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>A feather in the cap</b></col> <cd>an honour, trophy, or mark
of distinction.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To be in full
feather</b></col>, <cd>to be in full dress or in one's best
clothes.</cd> [Collog.] -- <col><b>To be in high feather</b></col>,
<cd>to be in high spirits.</cd> [Collog.] -- <col><b>To cut a
feather</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To make the
water foam in moving; in allusion to the ripple which a ship throws
off from her bows.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To make one's self
conspicuous.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To show the white
feather</b></col>, <cd>to betray cowardice, -- a white feather in the
tail of a cock being considered an indication that he is not of the
true game breed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Feathered</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Feathering.</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a feather
or feathers, as an arrow or a cap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An eagle had the ill hap to be struck with an arrow
<i>feathered</i> from her own wing.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adorn, as with feathers; to
fringe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A few birches and oaks still <i>feathered</i> the
narrow ravines.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To render light as a feather; to give
wings to.</def>[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Polonian story perhaps may <i>feather</i> some
tedious hours.</blockquote> <i>Loveday.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To enrich; to exalt; to benefit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They stuck not to say that the king cared not to plume
his nobility and people to <i>feather</i> himself.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To tread, as a cock.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To feather one's nest</b></col>, <cd>to provide for one's
self especially from property belonging to another, confided to one's
care; -- an expression taken from the practice of birds which collect
feathers for the lining of their nests.</cd> -- <col><b>To feather an
oar</b></col> <i>(Naut)</i>, <cd>to turn it when it leaves the water
so that the blade will be horizontal and offer the least resistance
to air while reaching for another stroke.</cd> -- <col><b>To tar and
feather a person</b></col>, <cd>to smear him with tar and cover him
with feathers, as a punishment or an indignity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To grow or form feathers; to become feathered; -- often with
<i>out</i>; as, the birds are <i>feathering</i> out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To curdle when poured into another liquid,
and float about in little flakes or "feathers;" as, the cream
<i>feathers</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To turn to a horizontal plane; -- said of
oars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>feathering</i> oar returns the
gleam.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Stopping his sculls in the air to <i>feather</i>
accurately.</blockquote> <i>Macmillan's Mag.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have the appearance of a feather or of
feathers; to be or to appear in feathery form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A clump of ancient cedars <i>feathering</i> in
evergreen beauty down to the ground.</blockquote> <i>Warren.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ripple <i>feathering</i> from her
bows.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er-brained`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giddy;
frivolous; feather-headed.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Feath"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Clothed, covered, or fitted with (or as with) feathers or wings;
as, a <i>feathered</i> animal; a <i>feathered</i> arrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rise from the ground like <i>feathered</i>
Mercury.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nonsense <i>feathered</i> with soft and delicate
phrases and pointed with pathetic accent.</blockquote> <i>Dr. J.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Furnished with anything featherlike;
ornamented; fringed; as, land <i>feathered</i> with trees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a fringe of
feathers, as the legs of certian birds; or of hairs, as the legs of a
setter dog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having feathers; -- said of
an arrow, when the feathers are of a tincture different from that of
the shaft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er-edge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The thin, new growth
around the edge of a shell, of an oyster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any thin, as on a board or a
razor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er-edged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
feather-edge; also, having one edge thinner than the other, as a
board; -- in the United States, said only of stuff one edge of which
is made as thin as practicable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er-few</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Feverfew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er-foil`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Feather</i>
+ <i>foil</i> a leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aquatic plant
(<i>Hottonia palustris</i>), having finely divided leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er-head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A frivolous
or featherbrained person.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giddy;
frivolous; foolish.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er-heeled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Light-
heeled; gay; frisky; frolicsome.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Feath"er*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or condition of being feathery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Foliation</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of turning the blade of the oar,
as it rises from the water in rowing, from a vertical to a horizontal
position. See <i>To feather an oar</i>, under <u>Feather</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A covering of feathers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Feathering float</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the float
or paddle of a feathering wheel.</cd> -- <col><b>Feathering
screw</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a screw propeller, of which the
blades may be turned so as to move edgewise through the water when
the vessel is moving under sail alone.</cd> -- <col><b>Feathering
wheel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a paddle wheel whose floats turn
automatically so as to dip about perpendicularly into the water and
leave in it the same way, avoiding beating on the water in the
descent and lifting water in the ascent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like
feathers.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er-pat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Feather-
headed; frivolous.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er-veined`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the veins (of a leaf) diverging from the two sides of a
midrib.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or resembling, feathers; covered with, or as with, feathers; as,
<i>feathery</i> spray or snow.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye <i>feathery</i> people of mid air.</blockquote>
<i>Barry Cornwall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feat"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Feat</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Neatly; dexterously; nimbly.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Foot <i>featly</i> here and there.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feat"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Skill;
adroitness.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fea"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>feture</i> form, shape, feature, OF. <i>faiture</i> fashion, make,
fr. L. <i>factura</i> a making, formation, fr. <i>facere</i>,
<i>factum</i>, to make. See <u>Feat</u>, <u>Fact</u>, and cf.
<u>Facture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The make, form, or outward
appearance of a person; the whole turn or style of the body; esp.,
good appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What needeth it his <i>feature</i> to
descrive?</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cheated of <i>feature</i> by dissembling
nature.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The make, cast, or appearance of the human
face, and especially of any single part of the face; a lineament.
(<i>pl.</i>) The face, the countenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is for homely <i>features</i> to keep
home.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The cast or structure of anything, or of
any part of a thing, as of a landscape, a picture, a treaty, or an
essay; any marked peculiarity or characteristic; as, one of the
<i>features</i> of the landscape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And to her service bind each living creature<BR>
Through secret understanding of their <i>feature</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A form; a shape.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So scented the grim <i>feature</i>, and upturned<BR>
His nostril wide into the murky air.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fea"tured</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shaped; fashioned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How noble, young, how rarely
<i>featured</i>!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having features; formed into
features.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The well-stained canvas or the <i>featured</i>
stone.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fea"ture*less</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
no distinct or distinctive features.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fea"ture*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having features;
showing marked peculiarities; handsome.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Featurely</i> warriors of Christian
chivalry.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feaze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Feazed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Feazing</u>.] [Cf. OE. <i>faseln</i> to ravel, fr. AS.
<i>f&aelig;s</i> fringe; akin to G. <i>fasen</i> to separate fibers
or threads, <i>fasen</i>, <i>faser</i>, thread, filament, OHG.
<i>faso</i>.] <def>To untwist; to unravel, as the end of a
rope.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feaze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Feese</u>.]
<def>To beat; to chastise; also, to humble; to harass; to
worry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>insworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feaze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of anxious or
fretful excitement; worry; vexation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Feaz"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Feaze</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The unlaid
or ragged end of a rope.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*bric"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>febricitare</i>, fr. <i>febris</i>. See <u>Febrile</u>.] <def>To
have a fever.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*bric"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>febriculosus</i>.] <def>Somewhat feverish.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feb`ri*fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>febris</i> fever + <i>faciens</i>, p. pr. of <i>facere</i> to
make.] <def>Febrific.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which causes fever.</def>
<i>Beddoes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*brif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>febris</i> fever + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Causing fever; as, a
<i>febriferous</i> locality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe*brif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>febris</i>
fever + <i>ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>fy</u>-.]
<def>Producing fever.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*brif"u*gal</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Febrifuge</u>.] <def>Having the quality of mitigating or curing
fever.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feb"ri*fuge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>febris</i>
fever + <i>fugare</i> to put to flight, from <i>fugere</i> to flee:
cf. F. <i>f&eacute;brifuge</i>. see <u>Febrile</u>, <u>Feverfew</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine serving to mitigate or remove
fever.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Antifebrile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe"brile</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>f&eacute;brile</i>, from L. <i>febris</i> fever. See
<u>Fever</u>.] <def>Pertaining to fever; indicating fever, or derived
from it; as, <i>febrile</i> symptoms; <i>febrile</i> action.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feb"ru*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Februarius</i>, orig., the month of expiation, because on the
fifteenth of this month the great feast of expiation and purification
was held, fr. <i>februa</i>, pl., the Roman festival or purification;
akin to <i>februare</i> to purify, expiate.] <def>The second month in
the year, said to have been introduced into the Roman calendar by
Numa. In common years this month contains twenty-eight days; in the
bissextile, or leap year, it has twenty-nine days.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feb`ru*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>februatio</i>. See <u>february</u>.] <def>Purification; a
sacrifice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"cal</hw> (f&emacr;"k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>f&eacute;cal</i>. See <u>Feces</u>.] <def>relating to, or
containing, dregs, feces, or ordure; f&aelig;cal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fec"che</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fetch.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>dregs;
sediment; excrement. See <u>F&AElig;ces</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 549 !></p>

<p><hw>Fe"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fetialis</i>
belonging to the <i>fetiales</i>, the Roman priests who sanctioned
treaties and demanded satisfaction from the enemy before a formal
declaration of war.] <def>Pertaining to heralds, declarations of war,
and treaties of peace; as, <i>fecial</i> law.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ci*fork`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Feces</i> +
<i>fork</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The anal fork on which the
larv&aelig; of certain insects carry their f&aelig;ces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feck"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Perh. a corruption
of <i>effectless</i>.] <def>Spiritless; weak; worthless.</def>
[Scot]</p>

<p><hw>feck"less*ness</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>absence of
merit.</def><BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><hw>Fecks</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A corruption of the
word <i>faith</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fec"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fecul&AElig;</b></plw> [L. <i>faecula</i> burnt tartar or
salt of tartar, dim. of <i>faex</i>, <i>faecis</i>, sediment, dregs:
cf. F. <i>f&eacute;cule</i>.] <def>Any pulverulent matter obtained
from plants by simply breaking down the texture, washing with water,
and subsidence.</def> Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
nutritious part of wheat; starch or farina; -- called also
<i>amylaceous fecula</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The green
matter of plants; chlorophyll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fec"u*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>faeculentia</i> dregs, filth: cf. F. <i>f&eacute;culence</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being feculent;
muddiness; foulness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is feculent; sediment; lees;
dregs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fec"u*len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Feculence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fec"u*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>faeculentus</i>, fr. <i>faecula</i>: cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;culent</i>. See <u>Fecula</u>.] <def>Foul with extraneous
or impure substances; abounding with sediment or excrementitious
matter; muddy; thick; turbid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both his hands most filthy
<i>feculent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fec"und</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fecundus</i>,
from the root of <i>fetus</i>: cf. F. <i>f&eacute;cond</i>. see
<u>Fetus</u>.] <def>Fruitful in children; prolific.</def>
<i>Graunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fec"un*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fecundated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fecundating</u> (?).] [L. <i>fecundare</i>, fr.
<i>fecundus</i>. See <u>Fecund</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
fruitful or prolific.</def>  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To render fruitful or
prolific; to impregnate; as, in flowers the pollen <i>fecundates</i>
the ovum through the stigma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fec`un*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;condation</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The act by which,
either in animals or plants, material prepared by the generative
organs the female organism is brought in contact with matter from the
organs of the male, so that a new organism results; impregnation;
fertilization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe*cun"di*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Fecund</i>
+ <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To make fruitful; to fecundate.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*cun"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fecunditas</i>: cf. F. <i>f&eacute;condit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Fecund</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or power of
producing fruit; fruitfulness; especially <i>(Biol.)</i>, the quality
in female organisms of reproducing rapidly and in great
numbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power of germinating; as in
seeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The power of bringing forth in abundance;
fertility; richness of invention; as, the <i>fecundity</i> of God's
creative power.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fed</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Feed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fed"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feodary.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fed"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>foedus</i>
league, treaty, compact; akin to <i>fides</i> faith: cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;d&eacute;ral</i>. see <u>Faith</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to a league or treaty; derived from an agreement or
covenant between parties, especially between nations; constituted by
a compact between parties, usually governments or their
representatives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Romans compelled them, contrary to all
<i>federal</i> right, . . . to part with Sardinia.</blockquote>
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Composed
of states or districts which retain only a subordinate and limited
sovereignty, as the <i>Union</i> of the United States, or the
<i>Sonderbund</i> of Switzerland.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Consisting or pertaining to such a government; as, the
<i>Federal</i> Constitution; a <i>Federal</i> officer.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Friendly or devoted to such a government;
as, the <i>Federal</i> party. see <u>Federalist</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Federal Congress</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Congress</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fed"er*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Federalist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fed"er*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;d&eacute;ralisme</i>.] <def>The principles of Federalists
or of federal union.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fed"er*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;d&eacute;raliste</i>.] <def>An advocate of
confederation;</def> specifically <i>(Amer. Hist.)</i>, <def>a friend
of the Constitution of the United States at its formation and
adoption; a member of the political party which favored the
administration of president Washington.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fed"er*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Federalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Federalizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;d&eacute;raliser</i>.] <def>To unite in compact, as
different States; to confederate for political purposes; to unite by
or under the Federal Constitution.</def>  <i>Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fed"er*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Federal</u>.] <def>A partner; a confederate; an accomplice.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>hak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fed"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>foederatus</i>, p. p. of <i>foederare</i> to establish by treaty
or league, fr. <i>foedus</i>. See <u>Federal</u>.] <def>United by
compact, as sovereignties, states, or nations; joined in confederacy;
leagued; confederate; as, <i>federate</i> nations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fed`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;d&eacute;ration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
uniting in a league; confederation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A league; a confederacy; a federal or
confederated government.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fed"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;d&eacute;ratif</i>.] <def>Uniting in a league; forming a
confederacy; federal.</def> "A <i>federative</i> society."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fed"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>foeditas</i>,
fr. <i>foedus</i> foul, filthy.] <def>Turpitude; vileness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fee</hw> (f&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fe</i>,
<i>feh</i>, <i>feoh</i>, cattle, property, money, fief, AS.
<i>feoh</i> cattle, property, money; the senses of "property, money,"
arising from cattle being used in early times as a medium of exchange
or payment, property chiefly consisting of cattle; akin to OS.
<i>fehu</i> cattle, property, D. <i>vee</i> cattle, OHG. <i>fihu</i>,
<i>fehu</i>, G. <i>vieh</i>, Icel. <i>f&emacr;</i> cattle, property,
money, Goth. <i>fa&iacute;hu</i>, L. <i>pecus</i> cattle,
<i>pecunia</i> property, money, Skr. <i>pa&ccedil;u</i> cattle, perh.
orig., "a fastened or tethered animal," from a root signifying <i>to
bind</i>, and perh. akin to E. <i>fang</i>, <i>fair</i>, a.; cf. OF.
<i>fie</i>, <i>flu</i>, <i>feu</i>, <i>fleu</i>, <i>fief</i>, F.
<i>fief</i>, from German, of the same origin. the sense <i>fief</i>
is due to the French. &radic;249.  Cf. <u>Feud</u>, <u>Fief</u>,
<u>Fellow</u>, <u>Pecuniary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>property;
possession; tenure.</def> "Laden with rich <i>fee</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Once did she hold the gorgeous East in
<i>fee</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reward or compensation for services
rendered or to be rendered; especially, payment for professional
services, of optional amount, or fixed by custom or laws; charge;
pay; perquisite; as, the <i>fees</i> of lawyers and physicians; the
<i>fees</i> of office; clerk's <i>fees</i>; sheriff's <i>fees</i>;
marriage <i>fees</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To plead for love deserves more <i>fee</i> than
hate.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Feud. Law)</i> <def>A right to the use of a
superior's land, as a stipend for services to be performed; also, the
land so held; a fief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>An estate of inheritance
supposed to be held either mediately or immediately from the
sovereign, and absolutely vested in the owner.</def></p>

<p>&fist; All the land in England, except the crown land, is of this
kind. An <i>absolute fee</i>, or <i>fee simple</i>, is land which a
man holds to himself and his heirs forever, who are called <i>tenants
in fee simple</i>. In modern writers, by <i>fee</i> is usually meant
<i>fee simple</i>. A <i>limited fee</i> may be a <i>qualified</i> or
<i>base fee</i>, which ceases with the existence of certain
conditions; or a <i>conditional fee</i>, or <i>fee tail</i>, which is
limited to particular heirs.  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Amer. Law)</i> <def>An estate of
inheritance belonging to the owner, and transmissible to his heirs,
absolutely and simply, without condition attached to the
tenure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fee estate</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>land or
tenements held in fee in consideration or some acknowledgment or
service rendered to the lord.</cd> -- <col><b>Fee farm</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>land held of another in fee, in consideration of an
annual rent, without homage, fealty, or any other service than that
mentioned in the feoffment; an estate in fee simple, subject to a
perpetual rent.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Fee farm
rent</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a perpetual rent reserved upon
a conveyance in fee simple.</cd> -- <col><b>Fee fund</b></col>
<i>(Scot. Law)</i>, <cd>certain court dues out of which the clerks
and other court officers are paid.</cd> -- <col><b>Fee
simple</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an absolute fee; a fee without
conditions or limits.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Buy the <i>fee simple</i> of my life for an hour and a
quarter.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Fee tail</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an estate of
inheritance, limited and restrained to some particular heirs.</cd>
<i>Burill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fee</hw> (f&emacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Feed</u> (f&emacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Feeing</u>.] <def>To reward for services performed,
or to be performed; to recompense; to hire or keep in hire; hence, to
bribe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The patient . . . <i>fees</i> the doctor.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There's not a one of them but in his house<BR>
I keep a servant <i>feed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fee"ble</hw> (f&emacr;"b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Feebler</u> (-bl&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Feeblest</u> (-bl&ebreve;st).] [OE.
<i>feble</i>, OF. <i>feble</i>, <i>flebe</i>, <i>floibe</i>,
<i>floible</i>, <i>foible</i>, F. <i>faible</i>, L. <i>flebilis</i>
to be wept over, lamentable, wretched, fr. <i>flere</i> to weep.  Cf.
<u>Foible</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deficient in physical
strength; weak; infirm; debilitated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Carried all the <i>feeble</i> of them upon
asses.</blockquote> <i>2 Chron. xxviii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting force, vigor, or efficiency in
action or expression; not full, loud, bright, strong, rapid, etc.;
faint; as, a <i>feeble</i> color; <i>feeble</i> motion.</def> "A
lady's <i>feeble</i> voice."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fee"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make feble; to
enfeeble.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Shall that victorious hand be <i>feebled</i>
here?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fee"ble-mind"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weak in
intellectual power; wanting firmness or constancy; irresolute;
vacillating; imbecile.</def> "comfort the <i>feeble-minded</i>."
<i>1 Thess. v. 14.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fee"ble-mind"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fee"ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being feeble; debility; infirmity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That shakes for age and
<i>feebleness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fee"bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a feeble
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The restored church . . . contended <i>feebly</i>, and
with half a heart.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feed</hw> (f&emacr;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fed</u> (f&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Feeding</u>.] [AS. <i>f&emacr;dan</i>, fr.
<i>f&omacr;da</i> food; akin to OS. <i>f&omacr;dian</i>, OFries.
<i>f&emacr;da</i>, <i>f&omacr;da</i>, D. <i>voeden</i>, OHG.
<i>fuottan</i>, Icel. <i>f&aelig;&eth;a</i>, Sw. <i>f&ouml;da</i>,
Dan. <i>f&ouml;de</i>. &radic;75.  See <u>Food</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give food to; to supply with nourishment;
to satisfy the physical huger of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thine enemy hunger, <i>feed</i> him.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. xii. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Unreasonable creatures <i>feed</i> their
young.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To satisfy; gratify or minister to, as any
sense, talent, taste, or desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>feed</i> fat the ancient grudge I bear
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Feeding</i> him with the hope of
liberty.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fill the wants of; to supply with that
which is used or wasted; as, springs <i>feed</i> ponds; the hopper
<i>feeds</i> the mill; to <i>feed</i> a furnace with coal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To nourish, in a general sense; to foster,
strengthen, develop, and guard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt <i>feed</i> my people Israel.</blockquote>
<i>2 Sam. v. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mightiest powers by deepest calms are
<i>fed</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Cornwall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To graze; to cause to be cropped by
feeding, as herbage by cattle; as, if grain is too forward in autumn,
<i>feed</i> it with sheep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Once in three years <i>feed</i> your mowing
lands.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To give for food, especially to animals;
to furnish for consumption; as, to <i>feed</i> out turnips to the
cows; to <i>feed</i> water to a steam boiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
supply (the material to be operated upon) to a machine; as, to
<i>feed</i> paper to a printing press.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>To produce progressive operation upon or with (as in wood and
metal working machines, so that the work moves to the cutting tool,
or the tool to the work).</def></p>

<p><hw>Feed</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take food; to eat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her kid . . . which I afterwards killed because it
would not <i>feed</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subject by eating; to satisfy the
appetite; to feed one's self (upon something); to prey; -- with
<i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leaving thy trunk for crows to <i>feed</i>
upon.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be nourished, strengthened, or
satisfied, as if by food.</def> "He <i>feeds</i> upon the cooling
shade."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To place cattle to feed; to pasture; to
graze.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man . . . shall put in his beast, and shall
<i>feed</i> in another man's field.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxii.
5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is eaten; esp., food for beasts; fodder; pasture;
hay; grain, ground or whole; as, the best <i>feed</i> for
sheep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grazing or pasture ground.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An allowance of provender given to a
horse, cow, etc.; a meal; as, a <i>feed</i> of corn or
oats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A meal, or the act of eating.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For such pleasure till that hour<BR>
At <i>feed</i> or fountain never had I found.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The water supplied to steam
boilers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
motion, or act, of carrying forward the stuff to be operated upon, as
cloth to the needle in a sewing machine; or of producing progressive
operation upon any material or object in a machine, as, in a turning
lathe, by moving the cutting tool along or in the work.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The supply of material to a machine, as
water to a steam boiler, coal to a furnace, or grain to a run of
stones.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The mechanism by which the
action of feeding is produced; a feed motion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Feed bag</b></col>, <cd>a nose bag containing feed for a
horse or mule.</cd> -- <col><b>Feed cloth</b></col>, <cd>an apron for
leading cotton, wool, or other fiber, into a machine, as for carding,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Feed door</b></col>, <cd>a door to a furnace, by
which to supply coal.</cd> -- <col><b>Feed head</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A cistern for feeding water by gravity to a
steam boiler.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Founding)</i> <cd>An
excess of metal above a mold, which serves to render the casting more
compact by its pressure; -- also called a <i>riser</i>,
<i>deadhead</i>, or simply <i>feed</i> or <i>head</i></cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Feed heater</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Steam Engine)</i> <cd>A vessel in which the feed water for the
boiler is heated, usually by exhaust steam.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A boiler or kettle in which is heated food for stock.</cd> --
<col><b>Feed motion</b></col>, or <col><b>Feed gear</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>the train of mechanism that gives motion to the
part that directly produces the feed in a machine.</cd> --
<col><b>Feed pipe</b></col>, <cd>a pipe for supplying the boiler of a
steam engine, etc., with water.</cd> -- <col><b>Feed pump</b></col>,
<cd>a force pump for supplying water to a steam boiler, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Feed regulator</b></col>, <cd>a device for graduating the
operation of a feeder.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Feed
screw</b></col>, <cd>in lathes, a long screw employed to impart a
regular motion to a tool rest or tool, or to the work.</cd> --
<col><b>Feed water</b></col>, <cd>water supplied to a steam boiler,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Feed wheel</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a kind
of feeder. See <u>Feeder</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Feed"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, gives food or supplies nourishment;
steward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A couple of friends, his chaplain and
<i>feeder</i>.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who furnishes incentives; an
encourager.</def> "The <i>feeder</i> of my riots."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who eats or feeds; specifically, an
animal to be fed or fattened.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With eager feeding, food doth choke the
<i>feeder</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who fattens cattle for
slaughter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A stream that flows into another body of
water; a tributary; specifically <i>(Hydraulic Engin.)</i>, a water
course which supplies a canal or reservoir by gravitation or natural
flow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A branch railroad, stage line, or the
like; a side line which increases the business of the main
line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
small lateral lode falling into the main lode or mineral vein.</def>
<i>Ure.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A strong discharge of gas from a
fissure; a blower.</def> <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>An auxiliary part of a
machine which supplies or leads along the material operated
upon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>A device for
supplying steam boilers with water as needed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feed"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>the act of eating, or of supplying with food; the process of
fattening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is eaten; food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which furnishes or affords food,
especially for animals; pasture land.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Feeding bottle</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bottle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fee`-faw`-fum"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
nonsensical exclamation attributed to giants and ogres; hence, any
expression calculated to impose upon the timid and ignorant.</def>
"Impudent <i>fee-faw-fums</i>."  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fee"jee</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Fijian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feel</hw> (f&emacr;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Felt</u> (f&ebreve;lt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Feeling</u>.] [AS. <i>f&emacr;lan</i>; akin to OS.
<i>gif&omacr;lian</i> to perceive, D. <i>voelen</i> to feel, OHG.
<i>fuolen</i>, G. <i>f&uuml;hlen</i>, Icel. <i>f&amacr;lma</i> to
grope, and prob. to AS. <i>folm</i> palm of the hand, L.
<i>palma</i>.  Cf. <u>Fumble</u>, <u>Palm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To perceive by the touch; to take cognizance of by means of the
nerves of sensation distributed all over the body, especially by
those of the skin; to have sensation excited by contact of (a thing)
with the body or limbs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>feel</i><BR>
Those rods of scorpions and those whips of steel.</blockquote>
<i>Creecn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To touch; to handle; to examine by
touching; as, <i>feel</i> this piece of silk;</def> hence, <def>to
make trial of; to test; often with <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come near, . . . that I may <i>feel</i> thee, my
son.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxvii. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath this to <i>feel</i> my affection to your
honor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To perceive by the mind; to have a sense
of; to experience; to be affected by; to be sensible of, or sensitive
to; as, to <i>feel</i> pleasure; to <i>feel</i> pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Teach me to <i>feel</i> another's woe.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whoso keepeth the commandment shall <i>feel</i> no
evil thing.</blockquote> <i>Eccl. viii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He best can paint them who shall <i>feel</i> them
most.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mankind have <i>felt</i> their strength and made it
<i>felt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take internal cognizance of; to be
conscious of; to have an inward persuasion of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For then, and not till then, he <i>felt</i>
himself.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To perceive; to observe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To feel the helm</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to obey
it.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 550 !></p>

<p><hw>Feel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To have perception by the touch, or by contact of anything with
the nerves of sensation, especially those upon the surface of the
body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have the sensibilities moved or
affected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[She] <i>feels</i> with the dignity of a Roman
matron</blockquote>. <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And mine as man, who <i>feel</i> for all
mankind.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be conscious of an inward impression,
state of mind, persuasion, physical condition, etc.; to perceive
one's self to be; -- followed by an adjective describing the state,
etc.; as, to <i>feel</i> assured, grieved, persuaded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I then did <i>feel</i> full sick.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To know with feeling; to be conscious;
hence, to know certainly or without misgiving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Garlands . . . which I <i>feel</i><BR>
I am not worthy yet to wear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To appear to the touch; to give a
perception; to produce an impression by the nerves of sensation; --
followed by an adjective describing the kind of sensation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blind men say black <i>feels</i> rough, and white
<i>feels</i> smooth.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To feel after</b></col>, <cd>to search for; to seek to
find; to seek as a person groping in the dark.</cd> "If haply they
might <i>feel after</i> him, and find him."  <i>Acts xvii.
27.</i></p>

<p> -- <col><b>To feel of</b></col>, <cd>to examine by
touching.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Feel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Feeling; perception.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To intercept and have a more kindly <i>feel</i> of its
genial warmth.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sensation communicated by touching;
impression made upon one who touches or handles; as, this leather has
a greasy <i>feel</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The difference between these two tumors will be
distinguished by the <i>feel</i>.</blockquote> <i>S. Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feel"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, feels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the sense
organs or certain animals (as insects), which are used in testing
objects by touch and in searching for food; an antenna; a
palp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Insects . . . perpetually feeling and searching before
them with their <i>feelers</i> or antenn&aelig;.</blockquote>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything, as a proposal, observation,
etc., put forth or thrown out in order to ascertain the views of
others; something tentative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feel"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Possessing great sensibility; easily affected or moved; as, a
<i>feeling</i> heart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressive of great sensibility; attended
by, or evincing, sensibility; as, he made a <i>feeling</i>
representation of his wrongs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feel"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The sense by which the mind, through certain nerves of the body,
perceives external objects, or certain states of the body itself;
that one of the five senses which resides in the general nerves of
sensation distributed over the body, especially in its surface; the
sense of touch; nervous sensibility to external objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why was the sight<BR>
To such a tender ball as the eye confined, . . . <BR>
And not, as <i>feeling</i>, through all parts diffused?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act or state of perception by the sense
above described; an act of apprehending any object whatever; an act
or state of apprehending the state of the soul itself;
consciousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The apprehension of the good<BR>
Gives but the greater feeling to the worse.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The capacity of the soul for emotional
states; a high degree of susceptibility to emotions or states of the
sensibility not dependent on the body; as, a man of <i>feeling</i>; a
man destitute of <i>feeling</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any state or condition of emotion; the
exercise of the capacity for emotion; any mental state whatever; as,
a right or a wrong <i>feeling</i> in the heart; our angry or kindly
<i>feelings</i>; a <i>feeling</i> of pride or of humility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fellow <i>feeling</i> makes one wondrous
kind.</blockquote> <i>Garrick.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tenderness for the <i>feelings</i> of
others.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That quality of a work of art which
embodies the mental emotion of the artist, and is calculated to
affect similarly the spectator.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sensation; emotion; passion; sentiment; agitation;
opinion. See <u>Emotion</u>, <u>Passion</u>, <u>Sentiment</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Feel"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a feeling
manner; pathetically; sympathetically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fere</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A consort, husband or wife; a companion; a
fere.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Feese</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>fesien</i> to
put to flight, AS. <i>f&emacr;sian</i>, <i>f&ymacr;sian</i>,
<i>f&ymacr;san</i>, fr. <i>f&umacr;s</i>, prompt, willing.] <def>The
short run before a leap.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Foot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Feat</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Fact; performance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Feet"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of feet;
as, <i>feetless</i> birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feeze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [For sense 1, cf. F.
<i>visser</i> to screw, <i>vis</i> screw, or 1st E. <i>feaze</i>,
v.t.: for sense 2, see <u>Feese</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
turn, as a screw.</def> [Scot]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat; to chastise; to humble; to
worry.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>feaze</i>, <i>feize</i>,
<i>pheese</i>.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To feeze up</b></col>, <cd>to work into a passion.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Feeze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fretful excitement.
[Obs.] See <u>Feaze</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Feh"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <i>Fehling's solution</i>, under <u>Solution</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feh"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Vehmic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feign</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Feigned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Feigning</u>.] [OE. <i>feinen</i>, F. <i>feindre</i> (p. pr.
<i>feignant</i>), fr. L. <i>fingere</i>; akin to L. <i>figura</i>
figure,and E. <i>dough</i>. See <u>Dough</u>, and cf. <u>Figure</u>,
<u>Faint</u>, <u>Effigy</u>, <u>Fiction</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To give a mental existence to, as to something not real or
actual; to imagine; to invent; hence, to pretend; to form and relate
as if true.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are no such things done as thou sayest, but thou
<i>feignest</i> them out of thine own heart.</blockquote> <i>Neh. vi.
8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The poet<BR>
Did <i>feign</i> that Orpheus drew trees, stones, and
floods.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To represent by a false appearance of; to
pretend; to counterfeit; as, to <i>feign</i> a sickness.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To dissemble; to conceal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feigned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not real or
genuine; pretended; counterfeit; insincere; false.</def> "A
<i>feigned</i> friend."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Give ear unto my prayer, that goeth not out of
<i>feigned</i> lips.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xvii. 1.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Feign"ed*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Feign"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Her treacherous sister Judah hath not turned unto me
with her whole heart, but <i>feignedly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. iii.
10.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Feigned issue</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an issue
produced in a pretended action between two parties for the purpose of
trying before a jury a question of fact which it becomes necessary to
settle in the progress of a cause.</cd> <i>Burill.</i>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feign"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who feigns or
pretends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feign"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That feigns;
insincere; not genuine; false.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Feign"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Feine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
feign.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feint</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>feint</i>, p. p.
of <i>feindre</i> to feign. See <u>Feign</u>.] <def>Feigned;
counterfeit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Dressed up into any <i>feint</i> appearance of
it.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>feinte</i>, fr.
<i>feint</i>. See <u>Feint</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is feigned; an assumed or false
appearance; a pretense; a stratagem; a fetch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Courtley's letter is but a <i>feint</i> to get
off.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mock blow or attack on one part when
another part is intended to be struck; -- said of certain movements
in fencing, boxing, war, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feint</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a feint, or
mock attack.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fei`tsui"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>The Chinese name for a highly prized variety of pale green jade.
See <u>Jade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Feeze</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Fel"an*ders</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Filanders</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Feld"spar`</hw> (?), <hw>Feld"spath`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>feldspath</i>; <i>feld</i> field +
<i>spath</i> spar.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A name given to a group of
minerals, closely related in crystalline form, and all silicates of
alumina with either potash, soda, lime, or, in one case, baryta. They
occur in crystals and crystalline masses, vitreous in luster, and
breaking rather easily in two directions at right angles to each
other, or nearly so. The colors are usually white or nearly white,
flesh-red, bluish, or greenish.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The group includes the monoclinic (<i>orthoclastic</i>)
species <i>orthoclase</i> or common potash feldspar, and the rare
<i>hyalophane</i> or baryta feldspar; also the triclinic species
(called in general <i>plagioclase</i>) <i>microcline</i>, like
orthoclase a potash feldspar; <i>anorthite</i> or lime feldspar;
<i>albite</i> or soda feldspar; also intermediate between the last
two species, <i>labradorite</i>, <i>andesine</i>, <i>oligoclase</i>,
containing both lime and soda in varying amounts. The feldspars are
essential constituents of nearly all crystalline rocks, as granite,
gneiss, mica, slate, most kinds of basalt and trachyte, etc. The
decomposition of feldspar has yielded a large part of the clay of the
soil, also the mineral kaolin, an essential material in the making of
fine pottery. Common feldspar is itself largely used for the same
purpose.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Feld*spath"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Feld*spath"ose</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or consisting of,
feldspar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fele</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fela</i>,
<i>feola</i>; akin to G. <i>viel</i>, gr. &?;. See <u>Full</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Many.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*lic"ify</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>felix</i>
happy + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To make happy; to felicitate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*lic"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>felicitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>felicitare</i> to felicitate, fr.
<i>felix</i>, <i>-icis</i>, happy. See <u>felicity</u>.] <def>Made
very happy.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am alone <i>felicitate</i><BR>
In your dear highness' love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*lic"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Felicitated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>felicitating</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>f&eacute;liciter</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make very happy; to delight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What a glorious entertainment and pleasure would fill
and <i>felicitate</i> his spirit.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express joy or pleasure to; to wish
felicity to; to call or consider (one's self) happy; to
congratulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every true heart must <i>felicitate</i> itself that
its lot is cast in this kingdom.</blockquote> <i>W. Howitt.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Congratulate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fe*lic`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;licitation</i>.] <def>The act of felicitating; a wishing
of joy or happiness; congratulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe*lic"i*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characterized by felicity; happy; prosperous; delightful;
skillful; successful; happily applied or expressed;
appropriate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Felicitous</i> words and images.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fe*lic"i*tous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fe*lic"i*tous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fe*lic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Felicities</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>felicite</i>, F.
<i>f&eacute;licit&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>felicitas</i>, fr.
<i>felix</i>, <i>-icis</i>, happy, fruitful; akin to <i>fetus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being happy; blessedness;
blissfulness; enjoyment of good.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our own <i>felicity</i> we make or find.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Finally, after this life, to attain everlasting joy
and <i>felicity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Book of Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which promotes happiness; a
successful or gratifying event; prosperity; blessing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>the <i>felicities</i> of her wonderful
reign.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pleasing faculty or accomplishment; as,
<i>felicity</i> in painting portraits, or in writing or
talking.</def> "<i>Felicity</i> of expression."  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Happiness; bliss; beatitude; blessedness;
blissfulness. See <u>Happiness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fe"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>felinus</i>, fr.
<i>feles</i>, <i>felis</i>, cat, prob. orig., the fruitful: cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;lin</i>. See <u>Fetus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Catlike; of or pertaining to the genus
Felis, or family <i>Felid&aelig;</i>; as, the <i>feline</i> race;
<i>feline</i> voracity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of cats; sly; stealthy;
treacherous; as, a <i>feline</i> nature; <i>feline</i>
manners.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fe"lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., cat.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of carnivorous mammals, including
the domestic cat, the lion, tiger, panther, and similar
animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fell</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Fall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fell</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fel</i>, OF.
<i>fel</i> cruel, fierce, perfidious; cf. AS. <i>fel</i> (only in
comp.) OF. <i>fel</i>, as a noun also accus. <i>felon</i>, is fr. LL.
<i>felo</i>, of unknown origin; cf. Arm <i>fall</i> evil, Ir.
<i>feal</i>, Arm. <i>falloni</i> treachery, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>feall</i>
to betray; or cf. OHG. <i>fillan</i> to flay, torment, akin to E.
<i>fell</i> skin.  Cf. <u>Felon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cruel;
barbarous; inhuman; fierce; savage; ravenous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While we devise <i>fell</i> tortures for thy
faults.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Eager; earnest; intent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am so <i>fell</i> to my business.</blockquote>
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>fel</i> gall, bile,
or E. <i>fell</i>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Gall; anger;
melancholy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Untroubled of vile fear or bitter
<i>fell</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fell</i>; akin to D.
<i>vel</i>, OHG. <i>fel</i>, G. <i>fell</i>, Icel. <i>fell</i> (in
comp.), Goth <i>fill</i> in &thorn;ruts<i>fill</i> leprosy, L.
<i>pellis</i> skin, G. &?;.  Cf. <u>Film</u>, <u>Peel</u>,
<u>Pell</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A skin or hide of a beast
with the wool or hair on; a pelt; -- used chiefly in composition, as
wool<i>fell</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are still handling our ewes, and their
<i>fells</i>, you know, are greasy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>fell</i>,
<i>fjally</i>; akin to Sw. <i>fj&auml;ll</i> a ridge or chain of
mountains, Dan. <i>fjeld</i> mountain, rock and prob. to G.
<i>fels</i> rock, or perh. to <i>feld</i> field, E. <i>field</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A barren or rocky hill.</def>  <i>T.
Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wild field; a moor.</def>
<i>Dryton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Felled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Felling</u>.] [AS. <i>fellan</i>, a causative verb fr.
<i>feallan</i> to fall; akin to D. <i>vellen</i>, G.
<i>f&auml;llen</i>, Icel. <i>fella</i>, Sw. <i>f&auml;lla</i>, Dan.
<i>f&aelig;lde</i>. See <u>Fall</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To
cause to fall; to prostrate; to bring down or to the ground; to cut
down.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stand, or I'll <i>fell</i> thee down.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The finer
portions of ore which go through the meshes, when the ore is sorted
by sifting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. <i>fill</i> to
fold, plait, Sw. <i>f&aring;ll</i> a hem.] <def>To sew or hem; --
said of seams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Sewing)</i> <def>A form of seam joining two pieces of cloth, the
edges being folded together and the stitches taken through both
thicknesses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>The end of a web, formed
by the last thread of the weft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fell"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit to be
felled.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fel"lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> Ar.
<plw><b>Fellahin</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Fellahs</b></plw> (#).
[Ar.] <def>A peasant or cultivator of the soil among the Egyptians,
Syrians, etc.</def>  <i>W. M. Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fell"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, fells, knocks or cuts down; a machine for felling
trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fell"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An appliance to a
sewing machine for felling a seam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fell"fare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>fealafor</i>, and E. <i>fieldfare</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The fieldfare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fel*lif"lu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fellifuus</i>; <i>fel</i> gall + <i>fluere</i> to flow.]
<def>Flowing with gall.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel*lin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fel</i>,
<i>fellis</i>, gall.] <def>Of, relating to, or derived from, bile or
gall; as, <i>fellinic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fell"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dealer in
fells or sheepskins, who separates the wool from the pelts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fell"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fell</u> cruel.]
<def>The quality or state of being fell or cruel; fierce
barbarity.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"loe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Felly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fel"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Variant of
<u>Felon</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those two were foes the <i>fellonest</i> on
ground.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>felawe</i>,
<i>felaghe</i>, Icel. <i>f&emacr;lagi</i>, fr. <i>f&emacr;lag</i>
companionship, prop., a laying together of property; <i>f&emacr;</i>
property + <i>lag</i> a laying, pl. <i>l&ouml;g</i> law, akin to
<i>liggja</i> to lie. See <u>Fee</u>, and <u>Law</u>, <u>Lie</u> to
be low.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A companion; a comrade; an
associate; a partner; a sharer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fellows</i> of his crime.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are <i>fellows</i> still,<BR>
Serving alike in sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That enormous engine was flanked by two <i>fellows</i>
almost of equal magnitude.</blockquote> <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Commonly used of men, but sometimes of women.  <i>Judges
xi. 37.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man without good breeding or worth; an
ignoble or mean man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Worth makes the man, and want of it, the
<i>fellow</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An equal in power, rank, character,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is impossible that ever Rome<BR>
Should breed thy <i>fellow</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of a pair, or of two things used
together or suited to each other; a mate; the male.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When they be but heifers of one year, . . . they are
let go to the <i>fellow</i> and breed.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This was my glove; here is the <i>fellow</i> of
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A person; an individual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She seemed to be a good sort of
<i>fellow</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In the English universities, a scholar who
is appointed to a foundation called a <i>fellowship</i>, which gives
a title to certain perquisites and privileges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>In an American college or university, a
member of the corporation which manages its business interests; also,
a graduate appointed to a fellowship, who receives the income of the
foundation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A member of a literary or scientific
society; as, a <i>Fellow</i> of the Royal Society.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Fellow</i> is often used in compound words, or
adjectively, signifying <i>associate</i>, <i>companion</i>, or
sometimes <i>equal</i>. Usually, such compounds or phrases are self-
explanatory; as, <i>fellow</i>-citizen, or <i>fellow</i> citizen;
<i>fellow</i>-student, or <i>fellow</i> student; <i>fellow</i>-
workman, or <i>fellow</i> workman; <i>fellow</i>-mortal, or
<i>fellow</i> mortal; <i>fellow</i>-sufferer; bed<i>fellow</i>;
play<i>fellow</i>; work<i>fellow</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Were the great duke himself here, and would lift
up<BR>
My head to <i>fellow</i> pomp amongst his nobles.</blockquote>
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To suit with;
to pair with; to match.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"low-com"mon*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
student at Cambridge University, England, who <i>commons</i>, or
dines, at the Fellow's table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fel"low-crea"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
of the same race or kind; one made by the same Creator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reason, by which we are raised above our <i>fellow-
creatures</i>, the brutes.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"low*feel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To share
through sympathy; to participate in.</def> [R.]  <i>D.
Rodgers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"low-feel"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sympathy; a like feeling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Joint interest.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"low*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without fellow or
equal; peerless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose well-built walls are rare and
<i>fellowless</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"low*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
companion; companionable; on equal terms; sympathetic.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"low*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fellowlike.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"low*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fellow + -ship.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or relation of being or
associate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Companionship of persons on equal and
friendly terms; frequent and familiar intercourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a great town, friends are scattered, so that there
is not that <i>fellowship</i> which is in less
neighborhods.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men are made for society and mutual
<i>fellowship</i>.</blockquote> <i>Calamy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A state of being together; companionship;
partnership; association; hence, confederation; joint
interest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great contention of the sea and skies<BR>
Parted our <i>fellowship</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fellowship</i> in pain divides not
smart</blockquote>. <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fellowship</i> in woe doth woe
assuage</blockquote>. <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The goodliest <i>fellowship</i> of famous knights,<BR>
Whereof this world holds record.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Those associated with one, as in a family,
or a society; a company.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sorrow of Noah with his
<i>fellowship</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With that a joyous <i>fellowship</i> issued<BR>
Of minstrels.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. &amp; Amer. Universities)</i> <def>A
foundation for the maintenance, on certain conditions, of a scholar
called a fellow, who usually resides at the university.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>The rule for dividing
profit and loss among partners; -- called also partnership, company,
and distributive proportion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Good fellowship</b></col>, <cd>companionableness; the
spirit and disposition befitting comrades.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>There's neither honesty, manhood, nor good
<i>fellowship</i> in thee.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 551 !></p>

<p><hw>Fel"low*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fellowshiped</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos>. <u>Fellowshiping</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To
acknowledge as of good standing, or in communion according to
standards of faith and practice; to admit to Christian
fellowship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fel"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fell or
cruel manner; fiercely; barbarously; savagely.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fellies</b></plw> (&?;). [OE. <i>feli</i>, <i>felwe</i>,
<i>felow</i>, AS. <i>felg</i>, <i>felge</i>; akin to D. <i>velg</i>,
G. <i>felge</i>, OHG. <i>felga</i> felly (also, a harrow, but prob. a
different word), Dan. <i>felge</i>.] <def>The exterior wooden rim, or
a segment of the rim, of a wheel, supported by the spokes.</def>
[Written also <i>felloe</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Break all the spokes and <i>fellies</i> from her
wheel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fe"lo-de-se`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Felos-de-se</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>felo</i>, E. <i>felon</i>
+ <i>de</i> of, concerning + <i>se</i> self.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One
who deliberately puts an end to his own existence, or loses his life
while engaged in the commission of an unlawful or malicious act; a
suicide.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., adj., cruel,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, villain, ruffian, traitor, whitlow, F.
<i>f&eacute;lon</i> traitor, in OF. also, villain, fr. LL.
<i>felo</i>. See Fell, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A person who has committed a felony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person guilty or capable of heinous
crime.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of whitlow; a painful
imflammation of the periosteum of a finger, usually of the last
joint.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Criminal; convict; malefactor; culprit.</p>

<p><hw>Fel"on</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characteristic of a
felon; malignant; fierce; malicious; cruel; traitorous;
disloyal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vain shows of love to vail his felon
hate.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*lo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
quality of felony; malignant; malicious; villainous; traitorous;
perfidious; in a legal sense, done with intent to commit a crime; as,
<i>felonious</i> homicide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O thievish Night,<BR>
Why should'st thou, but for some <i>felonious</i> end,<BR>
In thy dark lantern thus close up the stars?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fe*lo"ni*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fe*lo"ni*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fel"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>feloneus</i>.  Cf. <u>Felonious</u>.] <def>Wicked;
felonious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"on*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A body of
felons; specifically, the convict population of a penal colony.</def>
<i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fel"on*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The bittersweet nightshade (<i>Solanum Dulcamara</i>). See
<u>Bittersweet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fel"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Felonies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>felonie</i> cruelty, OF.
<i>felonie</i>, F. <i>f&eacute;lonie</i> treachery, malice. See
<u>Felon</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Feudal
Law)</i> <def>An act on the part of the vassal which cost him his fee
by forfeiture.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>An offense which
occasions a total forfeiture either lands or goods, or both, at the
common law, and to which capital or other punishment may be added,
according to the degree of guilt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A heinous crime; especially, a crime
punishable by death or imprisonment.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Forfeiture for crime having been generally abolished in the
United States, the term <i>felony</i>, in American law, has lost this
point of distinction; and its meaning, where not fixed by statute, is
somewhat vague and undefined; generally, however, it is used to
denote an offense of a high grade, punishable either capitally or by
a term of imprisonment. In Massachusetts, by statute, any crime
punishable by death or imprisonment in the state prison, and no
other, is a <i>felony</i>; so in New York.  the tendency now is to
obliterate the distinction between felonies and misdemeanors; and
this has been done partially in England, and completely in some of
the States of the Union. The distinction is purely arbitrary, and its
entire abolition is only a question of time.</p>

<p>&fist; There is no lawyer who would undertake to tell what a
<i>felony</i> is, otherwise than by enumerating the various kinds of
offenses which are so called. originally, the word <i>felony</i> had
a meaning: it denoted all offenses the penalty of which included
forfeiture of goods; but subsequent acts of Parliament have declared
various offenses to be felonies, without enjoining that penalty, and
have taken away the penalty from others, which continue,
nevertheless, to be called <i>felonies</i>, insomuch that the acts so
called have now no property whatever in common, save that of being
unlawful and purnishable.  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><col>To compound a felony</col>. <cd>See under <u>Compound</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Fel"site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Feldspar</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A finegrained rock, flintlike in fracture,
consisting essentially of orthoclase feldspar with occasional grains
of quartz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fel*sit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>relating to,
composed of, or containing, felsite.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fel"spar`</hw> (?), <hw>Fel"spath`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Feldspar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fel*spath"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Feldspathic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fel"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From G.
<i>feldstein</i>, in analogy with E. <i>fel</i>spar.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Felsite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Felt</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p. or a.</i></pos> from
<u>Feel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Felt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>felt</i>; akin to
D. <i>vilt</i>, G. <i>filz</i>, and possibly to Gr. &?; hair or wool
wrought into felt, L. <i>pilus</i> hair, <i>pileus</i> a felt cap or
hat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cloth or stuff made of matted fibers
of wool, or wool and fur, fulled or wrought into a compact substance
by rolling and pressure, with lees or size, without spinning or
weaving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were a delicate stratagem to shoe<BR>
A troop of horse with felt.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hat made of felt.</def>
<i>Thynne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A skin or hide; a fell; a pelt.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To know whether sheep are sound or not, see that the
<i>felt</i> be loose.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><col>Felt grain</col>, <cd>the grain of timber which is transverse
to the annular rings or plates; the direction of the medullary rays
in oak and some other timber.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Felt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Felted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Felting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make into felt, or a
feltike substance; to cause to adhere and mat together.</def>  <i>Sir
M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with, or as with, felt; as, to
<i>felt</i> the cylinder of a steam engine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Felt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clot or mat
together like felt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>feltered</i> locks that on his bosom
fell.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Felt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The material of which felt is made; also, felted cloth; also,
the process by which it is made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of splitting timber by the felt
grain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fel"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>feltre</i>.]
<def>See <u>Felt</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fe*luc"ca</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>feluca</i>
(cf. Sp. <i>faluca</i>, Pg. <i>falua</i>), fr. Ar. <i>fulk</i> ship,
or <i>harr&amacr;qah</i> a sort of ship.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
small, swift-sailing vessel, propelled by oars and lateen sails, --
once common in the Mediterranean.</def> Sometimes it is constructed
so that the helm may be used at either end.</p>

<p><hw>Fel"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably a
corruption of <i>fieldwort</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A European herb
(<i>Swertia perennis</i>) of the Gentian family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe"male</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>femel</i>,
<i>femal</i>, F. <i>femelle</i>, fr. L. <i>femella</i>, dim. of
<i>femina</i> woman. See <u>Feminine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
individual of the sex which conceives and brings forth young, or (in
a wider sense) which has an ovary and produces ova.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The male and <i>female</i> of each living
thing.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant which produces only
that kind of reproductive organs which are capable of developing into
fruit after impregnation or fertilization; a pistillate
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe"male</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to the sex which conceives and gives birth to young,
or (in a wider sense) which produces ova; not male.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As patient as the <i>female</i> dove<BR>
When that her golden couplets are disclosed.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to an individual of the female
sex; characteristic of woman; feminine; as, <i>female</i>
tenderness.</def> "<i>Female</i> usurpation.'b8  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To the generous decision of a <i>female</i> mind, we
owe the discovery of America.</blockquote> <i>Belknap.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having pistils and no
stamens; pistillate; or, in cryptogamous plants, capable of receiving
fertilization.</def></p>

<p><col>Female rhymes</col> <i>(Pros.)</i>, <cd>double rhymes, or
rhymes (called in French <i>feminine</i> rhymes because they end in
<i>e</i> weak, or <i>feminine</i>) in which two syllables, an
accented and an unaccented one, correspond at the end of each
line.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; A rhyme, in which the final syllables only agree
(<i>strain</i>, <i>complain</i>) is called a male rhyme; one in which
the two final syllables of each verse agree, the last being short
(<i>motion</i>, <i>ocean</i>), is called <i>female</i>.  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p>-- <col>Female screw</col>, <cd>the spiral-threaded cavity into
which another, or male, screw turns.</cd> <i>Nicholson.</i> --
<col>Female fern</col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a common species of fern
with large decompound fronds (<i>Asplenium Filixf&aelig;mina</i>),
growing in many countries; lady fern.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; The names <i>male fern</i> and <i>female fern</i> were
anciently given to two common ferns; but it is now understood that
neither has any sexual character.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Female</u>, <u>Feminine</u>.  We apply
<i>female</i> to the sex or individual, as opposed to <i>male</i>;
also, to the distinctive belongings of women; as, <i>female</i>
dress, <i>female</i> form, <i>female</i> character, etc.;
<i>feminine</i>, to things appropriate to, or affected by, women; as,
<i>feminine</i> studies, employments, accomplishments, etc.
"<i>Female</i> applies to sex rather than gender, and is a
physiological rather than a grammatical term. <i>Feminine</i> applies
to gender rather than sex, and is grammatical rather than
physiological."  <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"mal*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
gallant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Courting her smoothly like a
<i>femalist</i>.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"mal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make, or
to describe as, female or feminine.</def>  <i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Feme</hw> (f&ebreve;m <i>or</i> f&abreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>feme</i>, F. <i>femme</i>.] <i>(Old
Law)</i> <def>A woman.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Feme covert</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a married woman.
See <u>Covert</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Feme
sole</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a single or unmarried woman; a woman
who has never been married, or who has been divorced, or whose
husband is dead.</cd> -- <col><b>Feme sole</b></col> <col><b>trader
or merchant</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a married woman, who, by
the custom of London, engages in business on her own account,
inpendently of her husband.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fem"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>See <u>Femerell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fem"er*ell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>fumeraille</i> part of a chimney. See <u>Fume</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A lantern, or louver covering, placed on a roof, for ventilation
or escape of smoke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fem"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Feminine.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>West.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fem`i*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Feminity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>feminatus</i>
effeminate.] <def>Feminine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fem`i*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>femineus</i> womanly.] <def>Womanliness; femininity.</def>  <i>C.
Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fem"i*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>femininus</i>, fr. <i>femina</i> woman; prob. akin to L.
<i>fetus</i>, or to Gr. <grk>qh^sqai</grk> to suck, <grk>qh^sai</grk>
to suckle, Skr. <i>dh&amacr;</i> to suck; cf. AS. <i>f&aemacr;mme</i>
woman, maid: cf. F. <i>f&eacute;minin</i>. See <u>Fetus</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a woman, or to women;
characteristic of a woman; womanish; womanly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her letters are remarkably deficient in
<i>feminine</i> ease and grace.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the qualities of a woman; becoming
or appropriate to the female sex; as, in a good sense, modest,
graceful, affectionate, confiding; or, in a bad sense, weak,
nerveless, timid, pleasure-loving, effeminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her heavenly form<BR>
Angelic, but more soft and <i>feminine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ninus being esteemed no man of war at all, but
altogether <i>feminine</i>, and subject to ease and
delicacy.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><col>Feminine rhyme</col>. <i>(Pros.)</i> <cd>See <i>Female
rhyme</i>, under <u>Female</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Female</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fem"i*nine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A woman.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They guide the <i>feminines</i> toward the
palace.</blockquote> <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Any one of those words
which are the appellations of females, or which have the terminations
usually found in such words; as, <i>actress</i>, <i>songstress</i>,
<i>abbess</i>, <i>executrix</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are but few true <i>feminines</i> in
English.</blockquote> <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fem"i*nine*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a feminine
manner.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fem"i*nine*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being feminine; womanliness; womanishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fem`i*nin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or nature of the female sex;
womanliness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The female form.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O serpent under <i>femininitee</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*min"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Womanliness;
femininity.</def> [Obs.] "Trained up in true <i>feminity</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fem`i*ni*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of feminizing, or the state of being feminized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fem"i*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;miniser</i>.] <def>To make womanish or effeminate.</def>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fem"i*nye</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>femenie</i>,
<i>feminie</i>, the female sex, realm of women.] <def>The people
called Amazons.</def> [Obs.]  "[The reign of] <i>feminye</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Femme</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A woman.
See <u>Feme</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Femme de chambre</b></col> (?). [F.] <cd>A lady's maid; a
chambermaid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fem"o*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>femur</i>,
<i>femoris</i>, thigh: cf. F. <i>f&eacute;moral</i>.] <def>Pertaining
to the femur or thigh; as, the <i>femoral</i> artery.</def>
"<i>Femoral</i> habiliments." <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fe"mur</hw> (f&emacr;"m&ubreve;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Femora</b></plw> (f&ebreve;m"&osl;*r&adot;). [L.
thigh.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The thigh bone.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The proximal segment of the hind limb
containing the thigh bone; the thigh. See <u>Coxa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fen</i>,
<i>fenn</i>, marsh, mud, dirt; akin to D. <i>veen</i>, OFries.
<i>fenne</i>, <i>fene</i>, OHG. <i>fenna</i>, G. <i>fenn</i>, Icel.
<i>fen</i>, Goth. <i>fani</i> mud.] <def>Low land overflowed, or
covered wholly or partially with water, but producing sedge, coarse
grasses, or other aquatic plants; boggy land; moor; marsh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'Mid reedy <i>fens</i> wide spread.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Fen</i> is used adjectively with the sense of
<i>belonging to</i>, or <i>of the nature of</i>, <i>a fen</i> or
<i>fens</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Fen boat</b></col>, <cd>a boat of light draught used in
marshes.</cd> -- <col><b>Fen duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a wild duck inhabiting fens; the shoveler.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Fen fowl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any water fowl
that frequent fens.</cd> -- <col><b>Fen goose</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the graylag goose of Europe.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.] -- <col><b>Fen land</b></col>, <cd>swamp land.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from defence.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which fends off attack or danger; a
defense; a protection; a cover; security; shield.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us be backed with God and with the seas,<BR>
Which he hath given for <i>fence</i> impregnable.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>fence</i> betwixt us and the victor's
wrath.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure about a field or other space,
or about any object; especially, an inclosing structure of wood,
iron, or other material, intended to prevent intrusion from without
or straying from within.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leaps o'er the <i>fence</i> with ease into the
fold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In England a hedge, ditch, or wall, as well as a structure
of boards, palings, or rails, is called a <i>fence</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Locks)</i> <def>A projection on the bolt,
which passes through the tumbler gates in locking and
unlocking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Self-defense by the use of the sword; the
art and practice of fencing and sword play; hence, skill in debate
and repartee. See <u>Fencing</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Enjoy your dear wit, and gay rhetoric,<BR>
That hath so well been taught her dazzing <i>fence</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of dauntless courage and consummate skill in
<i>fence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A receiver of stolen goods, or a place
where they are received.</def> [Slang]  <i>Mayhew.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fence month</b></col> <i>(Forest Law)</i>, <cd>the month
in which female deer are fawning, when hunting is prohibited.</cd>
<i>Bullokar.</i> -- <col><b>Fence roof</b></col>, <cd>a covering for
defense.</cd> "They fitted their shields close to one another in
manner of a fence roof." <i>Holland.</i> -- <col><b>Fence
time</b></col>, <cd>the breeding time of fish or game, when they
should not be killed.</cd> -- <col><b>Rail fence</b></col>, <cd>a
fence made of rails, sometimes supported by posts.</cd> --
<col><b>Ring fence</b></col>, <cd>a fence which encircles a large
area, or a whole estate, within one inclosure.</cd> -- <col><b>Worm
fence</b></col>, <cd>a zigzag fence composed of rails crossing one
another at their ends; -- called also <i>snake fence</i>, or
<i>Virginia rail fence</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To be on the
fence</b></col>, <cd>to be undecided or uncommitted in respect to two
opposing parties or policies.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 552 !></p>

<p><hw>Fence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.
Fenced (&?;); p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Fencing</u> (?).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fend off danger from; to give security to;
to protect; to guard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>fence</i> my ear against thy
sorceries.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inclose with a fence or other
protection; to secure by an inclosure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O thou wall! . . . dive in the earth,<BR>
And <i>fence</i> not Athens.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sheepcote <i>fenced</i> about with olive
trees.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fence the tables</b></col> <i>(Scot. Church)</i>,
<cd>to make a solemn address to those who present themselves to
commune at the Lord's supper, on the feelings appropriate to the
service, in order to hinder, so far as possible, those who are
unworthy from approaching the table.</cd> <i>McCheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fence</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a defense; to guard one's self of anything, as against
an attack; to give protection or security, as by a fence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vice is the more stubborn as well as the more
dangerous evil, and therefore, in the first place, to be
<i>fenced</i> against.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To practice the art of attack and defense
with the sword or with the foil, esp. with the smallsword, using the
point only.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will <i>fence</i> with his own shadow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to fight or dispute in the manner
of fencers, that is, by thrusting, guarding, parrying, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>fence</i> and push, and, pushing, loudly
roar;<BR>
Their dewlaps and their sides are bat&?;ed in gore.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As when a billow, blown against,<BR>
Falls back, the voice with which I <i>fenced</i><BR>
A little ceased, but recommenced.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fence"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affording
defense; defensive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fence"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a fence;
uninclosed; open; unguarded; defenseless.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fen"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fences;
one who teaches or practices the art of fencing with sword or
foil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As blunt as the <i>fencer's</i> foils.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fen"ci-ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being defended, or of making or affording defense.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No fort so <i>fencible</i>, nor walls so
strong.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fen"ci*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
soldier enlisted for home service only; -- usually in the
<i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Fen"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art or practice of attack and defense with the sword, esp.
with the smallsword. See <u>Fence</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disputing or debating in a manner
resembling the art of fencers.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The materials used for building
fences.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of building a fence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The aggregate of the fences put up for
inclosure or protection; as, the <i>fencing</i> of a farm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fen" crick`et</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The mole
cricket.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Fend</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fiend.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fending</u>.] [Abbrev. fr. <i>defend</i>.] <def>To keep off; to
prevent from entering or hitting; to ward off; to shut out; -- often
with <i>off</i>; as, to <i>fend</i> off blows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With fern beneath to <i>fend</i> the bitter
cold.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fend off a</b></col> <col><b>boat or vessel</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to prevent its running against anything with too
much violence.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fend</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act on the
defensive, or in opposition; to resist; to parry; to shift
off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dexterous management of terms, and being able to
<i>fend</i> . . . with them, passes for a great part of
learning.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fen"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Fend</u>,
<pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>, cf. <u>Defender</u>.] <def>One who or
that which defends or protects by warding off harm</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A screen to prevent coals or sparks of an
open fire from escaping to the floor.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Anything serving as a cushion to lessen the shock when a vessel
comes in contact with another vessel or a wharf.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A screen to protect a carriage from mud
thrown off the wheels: also, a splashboard.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>Anything set up to protect an exposed angle, as of a house, from
damage by carriage wheels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fend"liche</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Fiendlike.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fen"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>faeneratus</i>, p. p. of <i>faenerari</i> lend on interest, fr.
<i>faenus</i> interest.] <def>To put money to usury; to lend on
interest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fen`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>faeneratio</i>.] <def>The act of fenerating; interest.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fen`es-tel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., dim. of
<i>fenestra</i> &?; window.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Any small windowlike
opening or recess, esp. one to show the relics within an altar, or
the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fe*nes"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fenestr&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a window.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A small opening; esp., one of the apertures, closed by
membranes, between the tympanum and internal ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe*nes"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fenestra</i>
a window.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a
window or to windows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
fenestra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe*nes"tral</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
casement or window sash, closed with cloth or paper instead of
glass.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*nes"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fenestratus</i>, p. p. of <i>fenestrare</i> to furnish with
openings and windows.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having numerous
openings; irregularly reticulated; as, <i>fenestrate</i> membranes;
<i>fenestrate</i> fronds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having transparent
spots, as the wings of certain butterflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe*nes"tra*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having windows; characterized
by windows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Fenestrate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fen`es*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The arrangement and
proportioning of windows; -- used by modern writers for the
decorating of an architectural composition by means of the window
(and door) openings, their ornaments, and proportions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The state or condition of
being fenestrated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe*nes"trule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fenestrula</i> a little window, dim. of <i>fenestra</i> a window.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the openings in a fenestrated
structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fen"gite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
kind of marble or alabaster, sometimes used for windows on account of
its transparency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the
<i>Finians</i> or <i>Fenii</i>, the old militia of Ireland, who were
so called from <i>Fin</i> or <i>Finn</i>, <i>Fionn</i>, or
<i>Fingal</i>, a popular hero of Irish traditional history.] <def>A
member of a secret organization, consisting mainly of Irishmen,
having for its aim the overthrow of English rule in
Ireland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
Fenians or to Fenianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ni*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles, purposes, and methods of the Fenians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fenks</hw> (f&ebreve;&nsm;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
refuse whale blubber, used as a manure, and in the manufacture of
Prussian blue.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fen"nec</hw> (f&ebreve;n"n&ebreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Ar. <i>fanek</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, African,
foxlike animal (<i>Vulpes zerda</i>) of a pale fawn color, remarkable
for the large size of its ears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fen"nel</hw> (f&ebreve;n"n&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>fenol</i>, <i>finol</i>, from L. <i>feniculum</i>,
<i>faeniculum</i>, dim. of <i>fenum</i>, <i>faenum</i>, hay: cf. F.
<i>fenouil</i>.  Cf. <u>Fenugreek</u>. <u>Finochio</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A perennial plant of the genus
<i>F&aelig;niculum</i> (<i>F. vulgare</i>), having very finely
divided leaves. It is cultivated in gardens for the agreeable
aromatic flavor of its seeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Smell of sweetest <i>fennel</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sprig of <i>fennel</i> was in fact the theological
smelling bottle of the tender sex.</blockquote> <i>S. G.
Goodrich.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Azorean, or Sweet</b></col>, <col><b>fennel</b></col>,
<cd>(<i>F&aelig;niculum dulce</i>). It is a smaller and stouter plant
than the common fennel, and is used as a pot herb.</cd> --
<col><b>Dog's fennel</b></col> <cd>(<i>Anthemis Cotula</i>), a foul-
smelling European weed; -- called also <i>mayweed</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fennel flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an herb
(<i>Nigella</i>) of the Buttercup family, having leaves finely
divided, like those of the fennel. <i>N. Damascena</i> is common in
gardens. <i>N. sativa</i> furnishes the fennel seed, used as a
condiment, etc., in India. These seeds are the "fitches" mentioned in
Isaiah (xxviii. 25).</cd> -- <col><b>Fennel water</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the distilled water of fennel seed. It is
stimulant and carminative.</cd> -- <col><b>Giant fennel</b></col>
<cd>(<i>Ferula communis</i>), has stems full of pith, which, it is
said, were used to carry fire, first, by Prometheus.</cd> --
<col><b>Hog's fennel</b></col>, <cd>a European plant (<i>Peucedanum
officinale</i>) looking something like fennel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fen"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
fens; fenny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fen"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fennig</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or inhabiting, a fen; abounding in fens; swampy;
boggy.</def> "<i>Fenny</i> snake."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fen"owed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fynig</i>
musty, <i>fynegean</i> to become musty or filthy: cf. <i>fennig</i>
fenny, muddy, dirty, fr. <i>fen</i> fen.  Cf. <u>Finew</u>.]
<def>Corrupted; decayed; moldy. See <u>Vinnewed</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. Favour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fen"si-ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fencible.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fen"-sucked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sucked out of
marches.</def> "<i>Fen-sucked</i> fogs."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fen"u*greek</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>faenum
Graecum</i>, lit., Greek hay: cf. F. <i>fenugrec</i>.  Cf.
<u>Fennel</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant (<i>trigonella F&oelig;num
Gr&aelig;cum</i>) cultivated for its strong-smelling seeds, which
are</def> "now only used for giving false importance to horse
medicine and damaged hay." <i>J. Smith (Pop. Names of Plants,
1881).</i></p>

<p><hw>Feod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feud. See 2d
<u>Feud</u>.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feod"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Feudal. See
<u>Feudal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feo*dal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Feudal
tenure; the feudal system. See <u>Feudality</u>.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feod"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An accomplice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Art thou a <i>feodary</i> for this act?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>An ancient officer of
the court of wards.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feod"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Feudatory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feoff</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Feoffed</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos>. <u>Feoffing</u>.] [OE. <i>feffen</i>, OF.
<i>feffer</i>, <i>fieffer</i>, F. <i>fieffer</i>, fr. <i>fief</i>
fief; cf. LL. <i>feoffare</i>, <i>fefare</i>. See <u>Fief</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>To invest with a fee or feud; to give or grant a
corporeal hereditament to; to enfeoff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feoff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A fief. See
<u>Fief</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feof*fee"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>feoff&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The person to whom a
feoffment is made; the person enfeoffed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feoff"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>feoffement</i>, <i>fieffement</i>; cf. LL. <i>feoffamentum</i>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The grant of a feud or
fee.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A gift or
conveyance in fee of land or other corporeal hereditaments,
accompanied by actual delivery of possession.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The instrument or deed by which corporeal
hereditaments are conveyed.</def> [Obs. in the U.S., Rare in
Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Feo"for</hw> (?), <hw>Feof"fer</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>feoour</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who
enfeoffs or grants a fee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Far.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*ra"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ferax</i>,
<i>-acis</i>, fr. <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Fruitful; producing
abundantly.</def> [R.]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*rac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>feracitas</i>.] <def>The state of being feracious or
fruitful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fe"r&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., wild
animals, fem. pl. of <i>ferus</i> wild.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
group of mammals which formerly included the Carnivora, Insectivora,
Marsupialia, and lemurs, but is now often restricted to the
Carnivora.</def></p>

<p>
<hw>||Fe"r&aelig; na*tu"r&aelig;</hw> (?). [L.] <def>Of a wild
nature; -- applied to animals, as foxes, wild ducks, etc., in which
no one can claim property.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ferus</i>. See
<u>Fierce</u>.] <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Wild; untamed;
ferine; not domesticated; -- said of beasts, birds, and plants.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Fe"ral</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>feralis</i>,
belonging to the dead.] <def>Funereal; deadly; fatal;
dangerous.</def> [R.] "<i>Feral</i> accidents."  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ferde</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Fare</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fer`-de-lance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., the iron
of a lance, lance head.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, venomous
serpent (<i>Trigonocephalus lanceolatus</i>) of Brazil and the West
Indies. It is allied to the rattlesnake, but has no rattle.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Fer"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Farthing</u>.]
<def>A measure of land mentioned in Domesday Book. It is supposed to
have consisted of a few acres only.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ferd"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ferd</i>
fear. See <u>Fear</u>.] <def>Fearfulness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fere</i>
companion, AS. <i>gef&emacr;ra</i>, from <i>f&emacr;ran</i> to go,
travel, <i>faran</i> to travel. &radic;78. See <u>Fare</u>.] <def>A
mate or companion; -- often used of a wife.</def> [Obs.] [Written
also <i>fear</i> and <i>feere</i>.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And Cambel took Cambrina to his
<i>fere</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In fere</b></col>, <cd>together; in company.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fere</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>ferus</i> wild.]
<def>Fierce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fire</u>.]
<def>Fire.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fear</u>.]
<def>Fear.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fere</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To fear.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer`e*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>feretrum</i>
bier, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to bear, akin to L. <i>ferre</i>, E.
<i>bear</i> to support.] <def>A portable bier or shrine, variously
adorned, used for containing relics of saints.</def>
<i>Mollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"forth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Far
forth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>As ferforth as</b></col>, <cd>as far as.</cd> --
<col><b>So ferforth</b></col>, <cd>to such a degree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fer"forth`ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Ferforth.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"gu*son*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral of a brownish black color, essentially a tantalo-
niobate of yttrium, erbium, and cerium; -- so called after Robert
<i>Ferguson</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fe"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Feri&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A week day,
esp. a day which is neither a festival nor a fast.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Feria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ri*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>ferialis</i>, fr.
L. <i>ferie</i> holidays: cf. F. <i>f&eacute;rial</i>. See 5th
<u>Fair</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
holidays.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to any week day, esp. to a day
that is neither a festival nor a fast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe`ri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>feriari</i>
to keep holiday, fr. <i>ferie</i> holidays.] <def>The act of keeping
holiday; cessation from work.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>ferie</i>, fr.
L. <i>ferie</i> holidays. See 5th <u>Fair</u>.] <def>A holiday.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bullokar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>compar.</i></pos> of <u>Fere</u>, fierce.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rhenus <i>ferier</i> than the cataract.</blockquote>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ferinus</i>, fr.
<i>ferus</i> wild. See <u>Fierce</u>.] <def>Wild; untamed; savage;
as, lions, tigers, wolves, and bears are <i>ferine</i> beasts.</def>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wild beast; a
beast of prey.</def> -- <wf>Fe"rine*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
- <wf>Fe"rine*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Fer*in"gee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>Farang&imacr;</i>, or Ar. <i>Firanj&imacr;</i>, properly, a
Frank.] <def>The name given to Europeans by the Hindos.</def>
[Written also <i>Feringhee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Fer"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>feritas</i>,
from <i>ferus</i> wild.] <def>Wildness; savageness; fierceness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>f&?;rlic</i>
sudden, unexpected. See <u>Fear</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Singular; wonderful; extraordinary.</def> [Obs.] --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wonder; a marvel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who hearkened ever such a <i>ferly</i>
thing.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ferm</hw>, <hw>Ferme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> }[See
<u>Farm</u>.] <def>Rent for a farm; a farm; also, an abode; a place
of residence; as, he let his land to <i>ferm</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Out of her fleshy <i>ferme</i> fled to the place of
pain.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ma*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. See
<u>Pharmacy</u>.] <def>Medicine; pharmacy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fermentum</i>
ferment (in senses 1 &amp; 2), perh. for <i>fervimentum</i>, fr.
<i>fervere</i> to be boiling hot, boil, ferment: cf. F.
<i>ferment</i>.  Cf. 1st <u>Barm</u>, <u>Fervent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which causes fermentation, as yeast,
barm, or fermenting beer.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Ferments are of two kinds: (<i>a</i>) Formed or organized
ferments. (<i>b</i>) Unorganized or structureless ferments. The
latter are also called <i>soluble or chemical ferments</i>, and
<i>enzymes</i>. Ferments of the first class are as a rule simple
microscopic vegetable organisms, and the fermentations which they
engender are due to their growth and development; as, the <i>acetic
ferment</i>, the <i>butyric ferment</i>, etc. See
<u>Fermentation</u>. Ferments of the second class, on the other hand,
are chemical substances, as a rule soluble in glycerin and
precipitated by alcohol. In action they are catalytic and, mainly,
hydrolytic. Good examples are pepsin of the dastric juice, ptyalin of
the salvia, and disease of malt. </p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intestine motion; heat; tumult;
agitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Subdue and cool the <i>ferment</i> of
desire.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>the nation is in a <i>ferment</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Walpole.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gentle internal motion of the
constituent parts of a fluid; fermentation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Down to the lowest lees the <i>ferment</i>
ran.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>ferment oils</b></col>, <cd>volatile oils produced by the
fermentation of plants, and not originally contained in them. These
were the <i>quintessences</i> of the alchenists.</cd>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fermented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fermenting</u>.] [L. <i>fermentare</i>, <i>fermentatum</i>: cf. F.
<i>fermenter</i>. See <u>Ferment</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
cause ferment of fermentation in; to set in motion; to excite
internal emotion in; to heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye vigorous swains! while youth <i>ferments</i> your
blood.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ment"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To undergo fermentation; to be in motion, or to be excited into
sensible internal motion, as the constituent particles of an animal
or vegetable fluid; to work; to effervesce.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be agitated or excited by violent
emotions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But finding no redress, <i>ferment</i> and
rage.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The intellect of the age was a <i>fermenting</i>
intellect.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ment`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of fermentation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ment"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fermentable</i>.] <def>Capable of fermentation; as, cider and
other vegetable liquors are <i>fermentable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ment"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Fermentative.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 553 !></p>

<p><hw>Fer`men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fermentation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The process of
undergoing an effervescent change, as by the action of yeast; in a
wider sense <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, the transformation of an organic
substance into new compounds by the action of a ferment, either
formed or unorganized. It differs in kind according to the nature of
the ferment which causes it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of agitation or excitement, as of
the intellect or the feelings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It puts the soul to <i>fermentation</i> and
activity.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A univesal <i>fermentation</i> of human thought and
faith.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Acetous, or Acetic</b></col>,
<col><b>fermentation</b></col>, <cd>a form of oxidation in which
alcohol is converted into vinegar or acetic acid by the agency of a
specific fungus or ferment (<i>Mycoderma aceti</i>). The process
involves two distinct reactions, in which the oxygen of the air is
essential. An intermediate product, aldehyde, is formed in the first
process.</cd></p>

<p><b>1.</b>
C2H6O  +  O =  H2O  +  C2H4O
 Alcohol.       Water.   Aldehyde.</p>

<p><b>2.</b>
C2H4O   +  O =  C2H4O2
 Aldehyde.       Acetic acid.</p>

<p>-- <col><b>Alcoholic fermentation</b></col>, <cd>the fermentation
which saccharine bodies undergo when brought in contact with the
yeast plant or Torula. The sugar is converted, either directly or
indirectly, into alcohol and carbonic acid, the rate of action being
dependent on the rapidity with which the Torul&aelig; develop.</cd> -
- <col><b>Ammoniacal fermentation</b></col>, <cd>the conversion of
the urea of the urine into ammonium carbonate, through the growth of
the special urea ferment.</cd></p>

<p>CON2H4 + 2H2O = (NH4)2CO3
    Urea.  Water.   Ammonium carbonate.</p>

<p>Whenever urine is exposed to the air in open vessels for several
days it undergoes this alkaline fermentation. -- <col><b>Butyric
fermentation</b></col>, <cd>the decomposition of various forms of
organic matter, through the agency of a peculiar worm-shaped vibrio,
with formation of more or less butyric acid. It is one of the many
forms of fermentation that collectively constitute putrefaction. See
<i>Lactic fermentation</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fermentation by
an</b></col> <col><b>unorganized ferment or enzyme</b></col>.
<cd>Fermentations of this class are purely chemical reactions, in
which the ferment acts as a simple catalytic agent. Of this nature
are the decomposition or inversion of cane sugar into levulose and
dextrose by boiling with dilute acids, the conversion of starch into
dextrin and sugar by similar treatment, the conversion of starch into
like products by the action of diastase of malt or ptyalin of saliva,
the conversion of albuminous food into peptones and other like
products by the action of pepsin-hydrochloric acid of the gastric
juice or by the ferment of the pancreatic juice.</cd> --
<col><b>Fermentation theory of disease</b></col> <i>(Biol. &
Med.)</i>, <cd>the theory that most if not all, infectious or zymotic
disease are caused by the introduction into the organism of the
living germs of ferments, or ferments already developed (organized
ferments), by which processes of fermentation are set up injurious to
health. See <u>Germ theory</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Glycerin
fermentation</b></col>, <cd>the fermentation which occurs on mixing a
dilute solution of glycerin with a peculiar species of schizomycetes
and some carbonate of lime, and other matter favorable to the growth
of the plant, the glycerin being changed into butyric acid, caproic
acid, butyl, and ethyl alcohol. With another form of bacterium
(<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>) ethyl alcohol and butyric acid are mainly
formed.</cd> -- <col><b>Lactic fermentation</b></col>, <cd>the
transformation of milk sugar or other saccharine body into lactic
acid, as in the souring of milk, through the agency of a special
bacterium (<i>Bacterium lactis</i> of Lister). In this change the
milk sugar, before assuming the form of lactic acid, presumably
passes through the stage of glucose.</cd></p>

<p>C12H22O11.H2O     =      4C3H6O3
 Hydrated milk sugar.     Lactic acid.</p>

<p>In the lactic fermentation of dextrose or glucose, the lactic acid
which is formed is very prone to undergo butyric fermentation after
the manner indicated in the following equation: 2C3H6O3 (lactic acid)
= C4H8O2 (butyric acid) + 2CO2 (carbonic acid) + 2H2 (hydrogen gas).
-- <col><b>Putrefactive fermentation</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Putrefaction</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ment"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fermentatif</i>.] <def>Causing, or having power to cause,
fermentation; produced by fermentation; fermenting; as, a
<i>fermentative</i> process.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fer*ment"a*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fer*ment"a*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fer"mer*ere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>enfermerier</i>, fr. <i>enfermerie</i> infirmary. See
<u>Infirmary</u>.] <def>The officer in a religious house who had the
care of the infirmary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fer"mil*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., dim. of
<i>fermeil</i>, <i>fermail</i>, clasp, prob. fr. OF. &amp; F.
<i>fermer</i> to make fast, fr. <i>ferme</i> fast. See <u>Firm</u>.]
<def>A buckle or clasp.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fern</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Long ago.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fern</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fyrn</i>.]
<def>Ancient; old. [Obs.] "Pilgrimages to . . . <i>ferne</i> halwes."
[saints].</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fern</hw> (f&etilde;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fearn</i>; akin to D. <i>varen</i>, G. <i>farn</i>,
<i>farn</i>kraut; cf. Skr. <i>parn.a</i> wing, feather, leaf, sort of
plant, or Lith. <i>papartis</i> fern.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An order of
cryptogamous plants, the <i>Filices</i>, which have their
fructification on the back of the fronds or leaves. They are usually
found in humid soil, sometimes grow epiphytically on trees, and in
tropical climates often attain a gigantic size.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The plants are asexual, and bear clustered sporangia,
containing minute spores, which germinate and form prothalli, on
which are borne the true organs of reproduction.  The brake or
bracken, the maidenhair, and the polypody are all well known
ferns.</p>

<p><col><b>Christmas fern</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Christmas</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Climbing fern</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a delicate North American fern (<i>Lygodium
palmatum</i>), which climbs several feet high over bushes, etc., and
is much sought for purposes of decoration.</cd> -- <col><b>Fern
owl</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
European goatsucker.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The short-eared
owl.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Fern shaw</b></col>, <cd>a fern
thicket.</cd> [Eng.] <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fern"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place for
rearing ferns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fern"ti*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A freckle on
the skin, resembling the seed of fern.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Fern"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
ferns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe*ro"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ferox</i>,
<i>-ocis</i>, fierce: cf. F. <i>f&eacute;roce</i>. See
<u>Ferocity</u>.] <def>Fierce; savage; wild; indicating cruelty;
ravenous; rapacious; as, <i>ferocious</i> look or features; a
<i>ferocious</i> lion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The humbled power of a <i>ferocious</i>
enemy.</blockquote> <i>Lowth.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Ferocious</u>, <u>Fierce</u>, <u>Savage</u>,
<u>Barbarous</u>.  When these words are applied to human feelings or
conduct, <i>ferocious</i> describes the disposition; <i>fierce</i>,
the haste and violence of an act; <i>barbarous</i>, the coarseness
and brutality by which it was marked; <i>savage</i>, the cruel and
unfeeling spirit which it showed. A man is <i>ferocious</i> in his
temper, <i>fierce</i> in his actions, <i>barbarous</i> in the manner
of carrying out his purposes, <i>savage</i> in the spirit and
feelings expressed in his words or deeds.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Fe*ro"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fe*ro"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>It [Christianity] has adapted the <i>ferociousness</i>
of war.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe*roc"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ferocitas</i>, fr. <i>ferox</i>, <i>-ocis</i>, fierce, kin to
<i>ferus</i> wild: cf. F. <i>ferocit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Fierce</u>.]
<def>Savage wildness or fierceness; fury; cruelty; as,
<i>ferocity</i> of countenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pride and <i>ferocity</i> of a Highland
chief.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fer*o"her</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <def>A symbol of the solar deity, found on
monuments exhumed in Babylon, Nineveh, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ferus</i>. See
<u>Fierce</u>.] <def>Wild; savage.</def> [R.]  <i>Arthur
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>-fer*ous</hw> (?). [L. <i>-fer</i>. fr. ferre to bear. See
<u>Bear</u> to support.] <def>A suffix signifying <i>bearing</i>,
<i>producing</i>, <i>yielding</i>; as, auri<i>ferous</i>, yielding
gold; chyli<i>ferous</i>, producing chyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ran"dine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; cf. OF.
<i>ferrant</i> iron-gray, from L. <i>ferrum</i> iron.] <def>A stuff
made of silk and wool.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I did buy a colored silk
<i>ferrandine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ra"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sword bearing
the mark of one of the Ferrara family of Italy. These swords were
highly esteemed in England and Scotland in the 16th and 17th
centuries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer`ra*rese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
Ferrara, in Italy.</def> -- <pos><i>n., sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>A
citizen of Ferrara; collectively, the inhabitants of
Ferrara.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ra*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ferraria</i>
iron works. See <u>Ferreous</u>.] <def>The art of working in
iron.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ferrum</i>
iron.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of ferric acid.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fer"re</hw> (?), <hw>Fer"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &
adv.</i></pos> } Obs. <def><pos><i>compar.</i></pos> of
<u>Fer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ferreus</i>,
fr. <i>ferrum</i> iron.  Cf. <u>Farrier</u>, <u>Ferrous</u>.]
<def>Partaking of, made of, or pertaining to, iron; like iron.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"rest</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> Obs.
<def><pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of <u>Fer</u>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>furet</i>, cf.
LL. <i>furo</i>; prob. fr. L. <i>fur</i> thief (cf. <u>Furtive</u>);
cf. Arm. <i>fur</i> wise, sly.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal of
the Weasel family (<i>Mustela or Putorius furo</i>), about fourteen
inches in length, of a pale yellow or white color, with red eyes. It
is a native of Africa, but has been domesticated in Europe. Ferrets
are used to drive rabbits and rats out of their holes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ret</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ferreted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ferreting</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>fureter</i>. See <u>Ferret</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To drive or hunt out of a lurking place,
as a ferret does the cony; to search out by patient and sagacious
efforts; -- often used with <i>out</i>; as, to <i>ferret</i> out a
secret.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Master Fer! I'll fer him, and firk him, and
<i>ferret</i> him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ret</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ital. <i>foretto</i>, dim.
of <i>fiore</i> flower; or F. <i>fleuret</i>.  Cf. <u>Floret</u>.]
<def>A kind of narrow tape, usually made of woolen; sometimes of
cotton or silk; -- called also <i>ferreting</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ret</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>feret</i>, dim. or
<i>fer</i> iron, L. <i>ferrum</i>.] <i>(Glass Making)</i> <def>The
iron used for trying the melted glass to see if is fit to work, and
for shaping the rings at the mouths of bottles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ret*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ferrets.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ret-eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The spur-winged goose; -- so called from the
red circle around the eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ret"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>ferretto</i>
di Spagna, dim. of <i>ferro</i> iron, fr. L. <i>ferrum</i>.]
<def>Copper sulphide, used to color glass.</def>  <i>Hebert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ri-</hw> (&?;). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form
indicating <i>ferric iron</i> as an ingredient; as,
<i>ferri</i>cyanide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ri*age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Ferry</u>.] <def>The price or fare to be paid for passage at a
ferry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ferrum</i> iron:
cf. F. <i>ferrique</i>. See <u>Ferrous</u>.] <def>Pertaining to,
derived from, or containing iron. Specifically <i>(Chem.)</i>,
denoting those compounds in which iron has a higher valence than in
the <i>ferrous</i> compounds; as, <i>ferric</i> oxide; <i>ferric</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ferric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an acid,
H<sub>2</sub>FeO<sub>4</sub>, which is not known in the free state,
but forms definite salts, analogous to the chromates and
sulphates.</cd> -- <col><b>Ferric oxide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>sesquioxide of iron, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>; hematite. See
<u>Hematite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fer`ri*cy"a*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ferri-</i>
+ <i>cyanate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of ferricyanic acid; a
ferricyanide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer`ri*cy*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ferri-</i>
+ <i>cyanic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from,
a ferricyanide.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ferricyanic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a brown
crystalline substance, H<sub>6</sub>(CN)<sub>12</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>,
obtained from potassium ferricyanide, and regarded as the type of the
ferricyanides; -- called also <i>hydro-ferricyanic acid</i>,
<i>hydrogen ferricyanide</i>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fer`ri*cy"a*nide</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Ferri-</i> + <i>cyanide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a
complex series of double cyanides of ferric iron and some other
base.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Potassium ferricyanide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>red
prussiate of potash; a dark, red, crystalline salt,
K<sub>6</sub>(CN)<sub>12</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>, consisting of the
double cyanide of potassium and ferric iron.  From it is derived the
ferrous ferricyanate, <i>Turnbull's blue</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
ferryman.</def>  <i>Calthrop.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ferrum</i> iron + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>ferrif&egrave;re</i>.]
<def>Producing or yielding iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer`ri*prus"si*ate</hw> (? or ?; see <u>Prussiate</u>, 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ferri-</i> + <i>prussiate</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A ferricyanate; a ferricyanide.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fer`ri*prus"sic</hw> (? or ?; see <u>Prussik</u>, 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ferri-</i> + <i>prussic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Ferricyanic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fer"ro-</hw> (&?;). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix, or combining
form, indicating <i>ferrous iron</i> as an ingredient; as,
<i>ferro</i>cyanide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer`ro*cal"cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ferro-</i>
+ <i>calcite</i>.] <def>Limestone containing a large percentage of
iron carbonate, and hence turning brown on exposure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer`ro*cy"a*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ferro-</i>
+ <i>cyanate</i>: cf. F. <i>ferrocyanate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of ferrocyanic acid; a ferrocyanide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer`ro*cy*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ferro-</i>
+ <i>cyanic</i>: cf. F. <i>ferrocyanique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, a
ferrocyanide.</def></p>

<p><col><b>ferrocyanic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white
crystalline substance, H<sub>4</sub>(CN)<sub>6</sub>Fe, of strong
acid properties, obtained from potassium ferrocyanide, and regarded
as the type of the ferrocyanides; -- called also <i>hydro-ferrocyanic
acid</i>, <i>hydrogen ferrocyanide</i>. etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fer`ro*cy"a*nide</hw> (? or ?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Ferro-</i> + <i>cyanide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a series
of complex double cyanides of ferrous iron and some other
base.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Potassium ferrocyanide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>yellow prussiate of potash; a tough, yellow, crystalline salt,
K<sub>4</sub>(CN)<sub>6</sub>Fe, the starting point in the
manufacture of almost all cyanogen compounds, and the basis of the
ferric ferrocyanate, <i>prussian blue</i>. It is obtained by strongly
heating together potash, scrap iron, and animal matter containing
nitrogen, as horn, leather, blood, etc., in iron pots.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fer`ro*prus"si*ate</hw> (&?; or &?; or &?;; see
<u>Prussiate</u>, 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ferro-</i> +
<i>prussiate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A ferrocyanate; a
ferocyanide.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fer`ro*prus"sic</hw> (? or ?; see <u>Prussic</u>, 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ferro-</i> + <i>prussic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Ferrocyanic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ro"so-</hw> (&?;). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Ferro-
</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ro*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ferrum</i>
iron + <i>-type</i>.] <def>A photographic picture taken on an iron
plate by a collodion process; -- familiarly called
<i>tintype</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ferreux</i>. See <u>Ferreous</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, or derived from, iron; -- especially used of compounds of iron in
which the iron has its lower valence; as, <i>ferrous</i>
sulphate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ru"gi*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ferrugo</u>.] <def>Having the color or properties of the rust of
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer`ru*gin"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ferruginous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fer*ru"gi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ferruginus</i>, <i>ferrugineus</i>, fr. <i>ferrugo</i>, <i>-
ginis</i>, iron rust: cf. F. <i>ferrugineux</i>. See <u>Ferrugo</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Partaking of iron; containing particles of
iron.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling iron rust in appearance or
color; brownish red, or yellowish red.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fer*ru"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., iron rust, fr.
<i>ferrum</i> iron.] <def>A disease of plants caused by fungi,
commonly called the <i>rust</i>, from its resemblance to iron rust in
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"rule</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly
<i>verrel</i>, F. <i>virole</i>, fr. L. <i>viriola</i> little
bracelet, dim. of <i>viriae</i>, pl., bracelets; prob. akin to
<i>viere</i> to twist, weave, and E. <i>withe</i>. The spelling with
<i>f</i> is due to confusion with L. <i>ferrum</i> iron.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ring or cap of metal put round a cane,
tool, handle, or other similar object, to strengthen it, or prevent
splitting and wearing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i> <def>A bushing for
expanding the end of a flue to fasten it tightly in the tube plate,
or for partly filling up its mouth.</def></p>


<p><hw>Fer*ru"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ferruminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ferruminare</i> to cement, solder,
fr. <i>ferrumen</i> cement, fr. <i>ferrum</i> iron.] <def>To solder
or unite, as metals.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ru`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ferruminatio</i>: cf. F. <i>ferrumination</i>.] <def>The soldering
or uniting of metals.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ferried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ferrying</u>.] [OE. <i>ferien</i> to convey, AS. <i>ferian</i>,
from <i>faran</i> to go; akin to Icel. <i>ferja</i> to ferry, Goth.
<i>farjan</i> to sail. See <u>Fare</u>.] <def>To carry or transport
over a river, strait, or other narrow water, in a boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass over water
in a boat or by a ferry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>ferry</i> over this Lethean sound<BR>
Both to and fro.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ferries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>feri</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>ferja</i>, Sw. <i>f&auml;rja</i>, Dan. <i>f&aelig;rge</i>, G.
<i>f&auml;hre</i>. See <u>Ferry</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where persons or things are carried
across a river, arm of the sea, etc., in a ferryboat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It can pass the <i>ferry</i> backward into
light.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To row me o'er the <i>ferry</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel in which passengers and goods are
conveyed over narrow waters; a ferryboat; a wherry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A franchise or right to maintain a vessel
for carrying passengers and freight across a river, bay, etc.,
charging tolls.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ferry bridge</b></col>, <cd>a ferryboat adapted in its
structure for the transfer of railroad trains across a river or
bay.</cd> -- <col><b>Ferry railway</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Railway</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ry*boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel for
conveying passengers, merchandise, etc., across streams and other
narrow waters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ry*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ferrymen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who maintains or attends a
ferry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fers</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fierce.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ferthe</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fourth.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"tile</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fertilis</i>, fr. <i>ferre</i> to bear, produce: cf. F.
<i>fertile</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Bear</u> to support.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Producing fruit or vegetation in abundance;
fruitful; able to produce abundantly; prolific; fecund; productive;
rich; inventive; as, <i>fertile</i> land or fields; a <i>fertile</i>
mind or imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though he in a <i>fertile</i> climate
dwell.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Capable
of producing fruit; fruit-bearing; as, <i>fertile</i> flowers.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Containing pollen; -- said of
anthers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>produced in abundance; plenteous;
ample.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Henceforth, my early care . . . <BR>
Shall tend thee, and the <i>fertile</i> burden ease<BR>
Of thy full branches.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Fertile</u>, <u>Fruitful</u>.  <i>Fertile</i>
implies the inherent power of production; <i>fruitful</i>, the act.
The prairies of the West are <i>fertile</i> by nature, and are turned
by cultivation into <i>fruitful</i> fields. The same distinction
prevails when these words are used figuratively. A man of
<i>fertile</i> genius has by nature great readiness of invention; one
whose mind is <i>fruitful</i> has resources of thought and a
readiness of application which enable him to think and act
effectively.</p>

<p><! p. 554 !></p>

<p><hw>Fer"tile*ly</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
a fertile or fruitful manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>fer"tile*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fertility.</def>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer*til"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
fertilize; to fecundate.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fertilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>fertilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or
quality of being fertile or fruitful; fruitfulness; productiveness;
fecundity; richness; abundance of resources; fertile invention;
quickness; readiness; as, the <i>fertility</i> of soil, or of
imagination.</def> "<i>fertility</i> of resource."  <i>E.
Everett.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And all her husbandry doth lie on heaps<BR>
Corrupting in its own <i>fertility</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy very weeds are beautiful; thy waste<BR>
More rich than other climes' <i>fertility</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer`ti*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of rendering
fertile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The act of fecundating or
impregnating animal or vegetable germs; esp., the process by which in
flowers the pollen renders the ovule fertile, or an analogous process
in flowerless plants; fecundation; impregnation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Close fertilization</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
fertilization of pistils by pollen derived from the stamens of the
same blossom.</cd> -- <col><b>Cross fertilization</b></col>,
<cd>fertilization by pollen from some other blossom. See under
<u>Cross</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ti*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fertilized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fertilizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>fertiliser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make fertile or enrich; to supply with
nourishment for plants; to make fruitful or productive; as, to
<i>fertilize</i> land, soil, ground, and meadows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>fertilize</i> the field that each pretends to
gain.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fecundate; as, to <i>fertilize</i>
flower.</def>  <i>A. R. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ti*lizer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who fertilizes; the agent that carries the fertilizing
principle, as a moth to an orchid.</def>  <i>A. R. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which renders fertile; a general name
for commercial manures, as guano, phosphate of lime, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fer"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ferula</i>
giant fennel (its stalks were used in punishing schoolboys), rod,
whip, fr. <i>ferire</i> to strike; akin to OHG. <i>berjan</i>, Icel.
<i>berja</i>.  Cf. <u>Ferule</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
ferule.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The imperial scepter in the Byzantine or
Eastern Empire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer`u*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ferulaceus</i>, fr. <i>ferula</i> rod: cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;rulac&eacute;</i>.] <def>Pertaining to reeds and canes;
having a stalk like a reed; as, <i>ferulaceous</i> plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ferule.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ule</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ferula</i>: cf. F. <i>f&eacute;rule</i>. See <u>Ferula</u>.]
<def>A flat piece of wood, used for striking, children, esp. on the
hand, in punishment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Feruled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Feruling</u>.] <def>To punish with a ferule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe*ru"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, asafetida (<i>Ferula
asaf&oelig;tida</i>); as, <i>ferulic</i> acid.</def> [Written also
<i>ferulaic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Fer"vence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Heat;
fervency.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fer"ven*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>fervence</i>. See <u>Fervent</u>.] <def>The state of being fervent
or warm; ardor; warmth of feeling or devotion; eagerness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When you pray, let it be with attention, with
<i>fervency</i>, and with perseverance.</blockquote> <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer"vent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>fervent</i>, L.
<i>fervens</i>, <i>-entis</i>. p. pr. of <i>fervere</i> o the boiling
hot, to boil, glow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hot; glowing; boiling;
burning; as, a <i>fervent</i> summer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The elements shall melt with <i>fervent</i>
heat.</blockquote> <i>2 Pet. iii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Warm in feeling; ardent in temperament;
earnest; full of fervor; zealous; glowing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not slothful in business; <i>fervent</i> in
spirit.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake the <i>fervent</i> angel.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>fervent</i> desire to promote the happiness of
mankind.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fer"vent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fer"vent*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Laboring <i>fervently</i> for you in
prayers.</blockquote> <i>Col. iv. 12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ves"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fervescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>fervescere</i> to become boiling hot,
incho., fr. <i>fervere</i>. See <u>Fervent</u>.] <def>Growing
hot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"vid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fervidus</i>,
fr. <i>fervere</i>. See <u>Fervent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very
hot; burning; boiling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mounted sun<BR>
Shot down direct his <i>fervid</i> rays.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ardent; vehement; zealous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fervid</i> wishes, holy fires.</blockquote>
<i>Parnell.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fer"vid*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fer"vid*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fer"vor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>fervour</i>.] [OF. <i>fervor</i>, <i>fervour</i>, F.
<i>ferveur</i>, L. <i>fervor</i>, fr. <i>fervere</i>. See
<u>Fervent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Heat; excessive
warmth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fevor</i> of ensuing day.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intensity of feeling or expression;
glowing ardor; passion; holy zeal; earnestness.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Winged with <i>fervor</i> of her love.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Fervor</u>, <u>Ardor</u>.  <i>Fervor</i> is a
boiling heat, and <i>ardor</i> is a burning heat. Hence, in metaphor,
we commonly use <i>fervor</i> and its derivatives when we conceive of
thoughts or emotions under the image of ebullition, or as pouring
themselves forth. Thus we speak of the <i>fervor</i> of passion,
<i>fervid</i> declamation, <i>fervid</i> importunity, <i>fervent</i>
supplication, <i>fervent</i> desires, etc. <i>Ardent</i> is used when
we think of anything as springing from a deepseated glow of soul; as,
<i>ardent</i> friendship, <i>ardent</i> zeal, <i>ardent</i>
devotedness; burning with <i>ardor</i> for the fight.</p>

<p><hw>Fes"cen*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Fescenninus</i>, fr. <i>Fescennia</i>, a city of Etruria.]
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, the Fescennines.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A style of low, scurrilous, obscene poetry
originating in fescennia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fes"cue</hw> (f&ebreve;s"k&usl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>festu</i>, OF. <i>festu</i>, F. <i>f&eacute;tu</i>, fr. L.
<i>festuca</i> stalk, straw.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A straw, wire,
stick, etc., used chiefly to point out letters to children when
learning to read.</def> "Pedantic <i>fescue</i>."  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To come under the <i>fescue</i> of an
imprimatur.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for playing on the harp; a
plectrum.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The style of a dial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A grass of the genus
<i>Festuca</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fescue grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus of
grasses (<i>Festuca</i>) containing several species of importance in
agriculture. <i>Festuca ovina</i> is <i>sheep's fescue</i>; <i>F.
elatior</i> is <i>meadow fescue</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fes"cue</hw> (f&ebreve;s"k&usl;), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fescued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Fescuing</u>.] <def>To use a fescue, or teach
with a fescue.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes"els</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>fasels</i>.] <def>See <u>Phasel</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>May
(Georgics).</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fess</hw>, <hw>Fesse</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>fesse</i>, <i>faisse</i>, F. <i>fasce</i>, fr. L. <i>fascia</i>
band. See <u>Fascia</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A band drawn
horizontally across the center of an escutcheon, and containing in
breadth the third part of it; one of the nine honorable
ordinaries.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fess point</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>the exact center
of the escutcheon. See <u>Escutcheon</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fes"si*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fessus</i>
wearied, fatigued.] <def>Weariness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fess"wise</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of fess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fist</u>.]
<def>The fist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fest</hw>, <hw>Fes"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> }
<def>A feast.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>festum</i>
holiday, feast. See <u>feast</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a holiday
or a feast; joyous; festive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You bless with choicer wine the <i>festal</i>
day.</blockquote> <i>Francis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Joyously;
festively; mirthfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fes"ten*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
fescennine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fes"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Festered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Festering</u>.] [OE. <i>festern</i>, fr. <i>fester</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>or fr</i>. <i>OF</i>. <i>festrir</i>, fr.
<i>festre</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> See <u>Fester</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To generate pus; to
become imflamed and suppurate; as, a sore or a wound
<i>festers</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wounds immedicable<BR>
Rankle, and <i>fester</i>, and gangrene.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Unkindness may give a wound that shall bleed and
smart, but it is treachery that makes it <i>fester</i>.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hatred . . . <i>festered</i> in the hearts of the
children of the soil.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be inflamed; to grow virulent, or
malignant; to grow in intensity; to rankle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fes`ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to fester
or rankle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For which I burnt in inward, swelt'ring hate,<BR>
And <i>festered</i> ranking malice in my breast.</blockquote>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>festre</i>, L.
<i>fistula</i> a sort of ulcer.  Cf. <u>Fistula</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small sore which becomes inflamed and
discharges corrupt matter; a pustule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A festering or rankling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fester</i> of the chain their
necks.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes"ter*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
festering.</def> [R.]  <i>Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fest"eye</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>festier</i>, <i>festeer</i>, F. <i>festoyer</i>.] <def>To feast;
to entertain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes"ti*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>festinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>festinare</i> to hasten.] <def>Hasty;
hurried.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Fes"ti*nate*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes`ti*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>festinatio</i>.] <def>Haste; hurry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes"ti*val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>festival</i>, fr. L. <i>festivum</i> festive jollity, fr.
<i>festivus</i> festive, gay. See <u>Festive</u>.] <def>Pertaining to
a fest; festive; festal; appropriate to a festival; joyous;
mirthful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I cannot woo in <i>festival</i> terms.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes"ti-val</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A time of feasting
or celebration; an anniversary day of joy, civil or
religious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The morning trumpets <i>festival</i>
proclaimed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Feast; banquet; carousal. See <u>Feast</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fes"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>festivus</i>,
fr. <i>festum</i> holiday, feast. See <u>feast</u>, and cf.
<u>Festivous</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or becoming, a feast; festal;
joyous; gay; mirthful; sportive.</def> -- <wf>Fes"tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The glad circle round them yield their souls<BR>
To <i>festive</i> mirth and wit that knows no gall.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Festivities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>festivitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>festivit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of
being festive; social joy or exhilaration of spirits at an
entertaintment; joyfulness; gayety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unrestrained <i>festivity</i> of the rustic
youth.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A festival; a festive celebration.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes"ti*vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Festive</u>.] <def>Pertaining to a feast; festive.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fest"lich</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Feast</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Festive; fond of festive occasions.</def>
[Obs.] "A <i>festlich</i> man."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>feston</i>
(cf. Sp. <i>feston</i>, It. <i>festone</i>), prob. fr. L.
<i>festum</i> festival. See <u>Feast</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
garland or wreath hanging in a depending curve, used in decoration
for festivals, etc.; anything arranged in this way.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch. &amp; Sculp.)</i> <def>A carved ornament
consisting of flowers, and leaves, intermixed or twisted together,
wound with a ribbon, and hanging or depending in a natural curve. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bucranium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fes*toon"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Festooned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Festooning</u>.] <def>To form in festoons, or to adorn with
festoons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fes*toon"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
consisting of, or resembling, festoons.</def>  <i>Sir J.
Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes*tu*cine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>festula</i> stalk, straw.  Cf. <u>Fescue</u>.] <def>Of a straw
color; greenish yellow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A little insect of a <i>festucine</i> or pale
green.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes"tu*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed or
consisting of straw.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fes"tue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fescue</u>.]
<def>A straw; a fescue.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>feat</i>, F.
<i>fait</i>, and It. <i>fett&?;</i> slice, G. <i>fetzen</i> rag,
Icel. <i>fat</i> garment.] <def>A piece.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fetten</i>,
<i>feten</i>, AS. <i>fetian</i>; akin to AS. <i>f&aelig;t</i> a
journey, and to E. <i>foot</i>; cf. G. <i>fassen</i> to seize.
&radic; 77. See <u>Foot</u>, and cf. <u>Fetch</u>.] <def>To
fetch.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And from the other fifty soon the prisoner
<i>fet</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fet</hw>, <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Fette</u>.
<def>Fetched.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Fetus</u>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or connected with, a fetus; as, <i>fetal
circulation</i>; <i>fetal</i> membranes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The formation
of a fetus in the womb; pregnancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fetch</hw> (f&ebreve;ch; 224), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fetched</u> 2; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos>. <u>Fetching</u>.] [OE. <i>fecchen</i>, AS.
<i>feccan</i>, perh. the same word as <i>fetian</i>; or cf.
<i>facian</i> to wish to get, OFries. <i>faka</i> to prepare. &radic;
77.  Cf. <u>Fet</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bear toward the person speaking, or the person or thing from
whose point of view the action is contemplated; to go and bring; to
get.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time will run back and <i>fetch</i> the age of
gold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He called to her, and said, <i>Fetch</i> me, I pray
thee, a little water in a vessel, that I may drink. And as she was
going to <i>fetch</i> it he called to her, and said, Bring me, I pray
thee, a morsel of bred in thine hand.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xvii.
11, 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obtain as price or equivalent; to sell
for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our native horses were held in small esteem, and
<i>fetched</i> low prices.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To recall from a swoon; to revive; --
sometimes with <i>to</i>; as, to <i>fetch</i> a man to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fetching</i> men again when they
swoon.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To reduce; to throw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sudden trip in wrestling that <i>fetches</i> a man
to the ground.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bring to accomplishment; to achieve; to
make; to perform, with certain objects; as, to <i>fetch</i> a
compass; to <i>fetch</i> a leap; to <i>fetch</i> a sigh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>fetch</i> a turn about the
garden.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>fetches</i> his blow quick and
sure.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To bring or get within reach by going; to
reach; to arrive at; to attain; to reach by sailing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Meantine flew our ships, and straight we
<i>fetched</i><BR>
The siren's isle.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To cause to come; to bring to a particular
state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They could n't <i>fetch</i> the butter in the
churn.</blockquote> <i>W. Barnes.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fetch a compass</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to make a
sircuit; to take a circuitious route going to a place.</cd> --
<col><b>To fetch a pump</b></col>, <cd>to make it draw water by
pouring water into the top and working the handle.</cd> -- <col><b>To
fetch</b></col> <col><b>headway or sternway</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to move ahead or astern.</cd> -- <col><b>To fetch out</b></col>,
<cd>to develop.</cd> "The skill of the polisher <i>fetches out</i>
the colors [of marble]" <i>Addison.</i>  -- <col><b>To fetch
up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To overtake.</cd> [Obs.] "Says
[the hare], I can <i>fetch up</i> the tortoise when I please."
<i>L'Estrange.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To stop suddenly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>fetch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bring one's self;
to make headway; to veer; as, to <i>fetch</i> about; to <i>fetch</i>
to windward.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fetch away</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to break
loose; to roll slide to leeward.</cd> -- <col><b>To fetch and
carry</b></col>, <cd>to serve obsequiously, like a trained
spaniel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fetch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
stratagem by which a thing is indirectly brought to pass, or by which
one thing seems intended and another is done; a trick; an
artifice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every little <i>fetch</i> of wit and
criticism.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The apparation of a living person; a
wraith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The very <i>fetch</i> and ghost of Mrs.
Gamp.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fetch candle</b></col>, <cd>a light seen at night,
superstitiously believed to portend a person's death.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fetch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fetches
or brings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fete</hw> (f&emacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>feat</u>.]
<def>A feat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fete</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See <u>Foot</u>.]
<def>Feet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||F&ecirc;te</hw> (f&asl;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Feast</u>.] <def>A festival.</def></p>

<p><col><b>F&ecirc;te champ&ecirc;tre</b></col> (&?;) [F.], <cd>a
festival or entertainment in the open air; a rural festival.</cd></p>

<p><hw>F&ecirc;te</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>F&ecirc;ted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>F&ecirc;ting</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>f&ecirc;ter</i>.] <def>To feast; to
honor with a festival.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fe"tich</hw>, <hw>Fe"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
}[F. <i>f&eacute;tiche</i>, from Pg. <i>feiti&ccedil;o</i>, adj.,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, sorcery, charm, fr. L. <i>facticius</i> made by
art, artifical, factitious. See <u>Factitious</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A material object supposed among certain
African tribes to represent in such a way, or to be so connected
with, a supernatural being, that the possession of it gives to the
possessor power to control that being.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any object to which one is excessively
devoted.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>fe"tich*ism</hw>, <hw>Fe"tish*ism</hw> (? or ?); 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> }[Cf. F. <i>f&eacute;tichisme</i>.] [Written
also <i>feticism</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine or
practice of belief in fetiches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessive devotion to one object or one
idea; abject superstition; blind adoration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The real and absolute worship of fire falls into two
great divisions, the first belonging rather to <i>fetichism</i>, the
second to polytheism proper.</blockquote> <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fe"tich*ist</hw>, <hw>Fe"tish*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
} <def>A believer in fetiches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was by nature a <i>fetichist</i>.</blockquote>
<i>H. Holbeach.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fe`tich*is"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Fe`tish*is"tic</hw>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>} <def>Pertaining to, or involving,
fetichism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of the fifteenth century, inheriting its strange
web of belief and unbelief, of epicurean levity and
<i>fetichistic</i> dread.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ti*cide</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>f&oelig;ticide</i>.] [<i>Fetus</i> + L. <i>caedere</i> to kill.]
<i>(Med. &amp; Law)</i> <def>The act of killing the fetus in the womb;
the offense of procuring an abortion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fetichism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fet"id</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fetidus</i>, <i>foetidus</i>, fr. <i>fetere</i>, <i>foetere</i>,
to have an ill smell, to stink: cf. F. <i>f&eacute;tide</i>.]
<def>Having an offensive smell; stinking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most putrefactions . . . smell either <i>fetid</i> or
moldy.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fet*id"i*ty</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Fetidness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fet"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being fetid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Fetus</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing young, as animals.</def></p>

<p><! p. 555 !></p>

<p><hw>Fe"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>fetis</i>,
<i>faitis</i>.  Cf. <u>Factitious</u>.] <def>Neat; pretty; well made;
graceful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Full <i>fetis</i> was her cloak, as I was
ware.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"tise*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Neatly;
gracefully; properly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Fe"tish*ism</hw>
(&?; or &?;; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Fe`tish*is"tic</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Fetich</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Fetichism</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Fetichistic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Fet"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fetlak</i>,
<i>fitlock</i>, cf. Icel. <i>fet</i> pace, step, <i>fit</i> webbed
foot of water birds, akin to E. <i>foot</i>. &radic;77. See
<u>Foot</u>.] <def>The cushionlike projection, bearing a tuft of long
hair, on the back side of the leg above the hoof of the horse and
similar animals. Also, the joint of the limb at this point (between
the great pastern bone and the metacarpus), or the tuft of
hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their wounded steeds<BR>
Fret <i>fetlock</i> deep in gore.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fetor</i>,
<i>foetor</i>. See <u>Fetid</u>.] <def>A strong, offensive smell;
stench; fetidness.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fet"te</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Fette</u>, <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Fet</u>.] [See <u>Fet</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
fetch.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fet"ter</hw> (f&ebreve;t"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>fetor</i>, <i>feter</i>; akin to OS. <i>feter&omacr;s</i>,
pl., OD. <i>veter</i>, OHG. <i>fezzera</i>, Icel.
<i>fj&ouml;turr</i>, L. <i>pedica</i>, Gr. <grk>pe`dh</grk>, and to
E. <i>foot</i>. &radic; 77. See <u>Foot</u>.] [Chiefly used in the
plural, <plw><b>fetters</b></plw>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chain
or shackle for the feet; a chain by which an animal is confined by
the foot, either made fast or disabled from free and rapid motion; a
bond; a shackle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] bound him with <i>fetters</i> of
brass.</blockquote> <i>Judg. xvi. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that confines or restrains; a
restraint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Passion's too fierce to be in <i>fetters</i>
bound.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fet"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fettered</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fettering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put fetters upon; to
shackle or confine the feet of with a chain; to bind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My heels are <i>fettered</i>, but my fist is
free.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To restrain from motion; to impose
restraints on; to confine; to enchain; as, <i>fettered</i> by
obligations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My conscience! thou art <i>fettered</i><BR>
More than my shanks and wrists.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fet"tered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Seeming as if fettered, as the feet of certain animals which
bend backward, and appear unfit for walking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fet"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
fetters.</def>  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fet"ter*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
fetters.</def>  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fet"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; Prov. E., to
fettle (in sense 1), <i>fettle</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, order,
repair, preparation, dress; prob. akin to E. <i>fit</i>. See
<u>Fit</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To repair;
to prepare; to put in order.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To cover or line with a
mixture of ore, cinders, etc., as the hearth of a puddling
furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fet"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
preparations; to put things in order; to do trifling business.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fet"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
fettling.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In fine fettle</b></col>, <cd>in good spirits.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fet"tling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A mixture of ore, cinders, etc., used to line
the hearth of a puddling furnace.</def> [Eng.] [It is commonly called
<i>fix</i> in the United States.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pottery)</i> <def>The operation of shaving
or smoothing the surface of undried clay ware.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fet"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Neat;
feat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fetuses</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>fetus</i>, <i>foetus</i>, a
bringing forth, brood, offspring, young ones, cf. <i>fetus</i>
fruitful, fructified, that is or was filled with young; akin to E.
<i>fawn</i> a deer, <i>fecundity</i>, <i>felicity</i>,
<i>feminine</i>, <i>female</i>, and prob. to <i>do</i>, or according
to others, to <i>be</i>.] <def>The young or embryo of an animal in
the womb, or in the egg; often restricted to the later stages in the
development of viviparous and oviparous animals, <i>embryo</i> being
applied to the earlier stages.</def> [Written also
<i>f&oelig;tus</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Fet"wah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.] <def>A written
decision of a Turkish mufti on some point of law.</def>
<i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Feud</u>, and
<u>Fee</u>.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A free and gratuitous right to
lands made to one for service to be performed by him; a tenure where
the vassal, in place of military services, makes a return in grain or
in money.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feu"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Feu.] <i>(Scots
Law)</i> <def>One who holds a feu.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feud</hw> (f&umacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>feide</i>,
AS. <i>f&aemacr;h&eth;</i>, fr. <i>f&amacr;h</i> hostile; akin to
OHG. <i>f&emacr;hida</i>, G. <i>fehde</i>, Sw. <i>fejd</i>, D.
<i>feide</i>; prob. akin to E. <i>fiend</i>. See Foe.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A combination of kindred to avenge injuries
or affronts, done or offered to any of their blood, on the offender
and all his race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contention or quarrel; especially, an
inveterate strife between families, clans, or parties; deadly hatred;
contention satisfied only by bloodshed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mutual <i>feuds</i> and battles betwixt their several
tribes and kindreds.</blockquote> <i>Purchas.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Affray; fray; broil; contest; dispute; strife.</p>

<p><hw>Feud</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>feudum</i>,
<i>feodum</i> prob. of same origin as E. <i>fief</i>. See
<u>Fief</u>, <u>Fee</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A stipendiary estate in
land, held of superior, by service; the right which a vassal or
tenant had to the lands or other immovable thing of his lord, to use
the same and take the profists thereof hereditarily, rendering to his
superior such duties and services as belong to military tenure, etc.,
the property of the soil always remaining in the lord or superior; a
fief; a fee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feu"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>f&eacute;odal</i>, or LL. <i>feudalis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to feuds, fiefs, or feels; as, <i>feudal</i>
rights or services; <i>feudal</i> tenures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or founded upon, feuds or
fiefs; embracing tenures by military services; as, the <i>feudal</i>
system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feu"dal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;odalisme</i>.] <def>The feudal system; a system by which
the holding of estates in land is made dependent upon an obligation
to render military service to the kind or feudal superior; feudal
principles and usages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feu"dal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An upholder of
feudalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feu*dal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>f&eacute;odalit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being
feudal; feudal form or constitution.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feu`dal*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of reducing to feudal tenure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feu"dal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Feudalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Feudalizing</u> (?).] <def>To reduce to a feudal
tenure; to conform to feudalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feu"dal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a feudal
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feu"da*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>feudarius</i>, fr. <i>feudum</i>. See 2d <u>Feud</u>.] <def>Held
by, or pertaining to, feudal tenure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feu"da*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
tenant who holds his lands by feudal service; a feudatory.</def>
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A feodary. See <u>Feodary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feu"da*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>feudatarius</i>: cf. F. <i>feudataire</i>.] <def>See
<u>Feudatory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feu"da*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Feudatories</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A tenant or vassal who held
his lands of a superior on condition of feudal service; the tenant of
a feud or fief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The grantee . . . was styled the <i>feudatory</i> or
vassal.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] had for <i>feudatories</i> great
princes.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feu"da*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Held from another
on some conditional tenure; as, a <i>feudatory</i> title.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Feu` de joie"</hw> (?). [F., lit., fire of joy.] <def>A fire
kindled in a public place in token of joy; a bonfire; a firing of
guns in token of joy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feud"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>feudiste</i>.] <def>A writer on feuds; a person versed in feudal
law.</def>  <i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Feu`illants"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A
reformed branch of the Bernardines, founded in 1577 at
<i>Feuillans</i>, near Toulouse, in France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feuille"mort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>feuille
morte</i> a dead leaf.] <def>Having the color of a faded leaf.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Feu`ille*ton"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from
<i>feulle</i> leaf.] <def>A part of a French newspaper (usually the
bottom of the page), devoted to light literature, criticism, etc.;
also, the article or tale itself, thus printed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feuill"ton*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>feuilletoniste</i>.] <def>A writer of feuilletons.</def>  <i>F.
Harrison.</i></p>

<p><hw>feu"ter</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>feutre</i>
rest for a lance, OF. <i>feutre</i>, <i>fautre</i>, <i>feltre</i>,
felt, cushion, rest for a lance, fr. LL. <i>filtrum</i>,
<i>feltrum</i>; of German origin, and akin to E. <i>felt</i>. See
<u>Felt</u>, and cf. <u>Filter</u>.] <def>To set close; to fix in
rest, as a spear.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feu"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Either fr. G.
<i>f&uuml;tterer</i> feeder, or corrupted fr. OF. <i>vautrier</i>,
<i>vaultrier</i>; fr. vaultre, viautre, a kind of hound, fr. L.
<i>vertragus</i>, <i>vertraga</i>, a greyhound. The last is of Celtic
origin.] <def>A dog keeper.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fever</i>,
<i>fefer</i>, AS. <i>fefer</i>, <i>fefor</i>, L. <i>febris</i>: cf.
F. <i>fi&egrave;vre</i>.  Cf. <u>Febrile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A diseased state of the system, marked by
increased heat, acceleration of the pulse, and a general derangement
of the functions, including usually, thirst and loss of appetite.
Many diseases, of which fever is the most prominent symptom, are
denominated <i>fevers</i>; as, typhoid <i>fever</i>; yellow
<i>fever</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Remitting</i> fevers subside or abate at intervals;
<i>intermitting</i> fevers intermit or entirely cease at intervals;
<i>continued</i> or <i>continual</i> fevers neither remit nor
intermit.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessive excitement of the passions in
consequence of strong emotion; a condition of great excitement; as,
this quarrel has set my blood in a <i>fever</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An envious <i>fever</i><BR>
Of pale and bloodless emulation.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After life's fitful <i>fever</i> he sleeps
well.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Brain fever</b></col>, <col><b>Continued fever</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Brain</u>, <u>Continued</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Fever and ague</b></col>, <cd>a form of fever recurring in
paroxysms which are preceded by chills. It is of malarial
origin.</cd> -- <col><b>Fever blister</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
blister or vesicle often found about the mouth in febrile states; a
variety of herpes.</cd> -- <col><b>Fever bush</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the wild allspice or spice bush. See
<u>Spicewood</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fever powder</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<u>Jame's powder</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fever root</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American herb of the genus <i>Triosteum</i>
(<i>T. perfoliatum</i>); -- called also <i>feverwort</i> amd <i>horse
gentian</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fever sore</b></col>, <cd>a carious
ulcer or necrosis.</cd> <i>Miner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ver</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fevered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fevering</u>.] <def>To put into a fever; to affect with fever; as,
a <i>fevered</i> lip.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The white hand of a lady <i>fever</i>
thee.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ver*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slight
fever.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ver*few</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>feferfuge</i>, fr. L. <i>febrifugia</i>. See <u>fever</u>,
<u>Fugitive</u>, and cf. <u>Febrifuge</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
perennial plant (<i>Pyrethrum, or Chrysanthemum, Parthenium</i>)
allied to camomile, having finely divided leaves and white blossoms;
-- so named from its supposed febrifugal qualities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ver*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a fever; suffering from, or affected with, a moderate
degree of fever; showing increased heat and thirst; as, the patient
is <i>feverish</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indicating, or pertaining to, fever;
characteristic of a fever; as, <i>feverish</i> symptoms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hot; sultry.</def> "The <i>feverish</i>
north."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Disordered as by fever; excited; restless;
as, the <i>feverish</i> condition of the commercial world.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strive to keep up a frail and <i>feverish</i>
bing.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fe"ver*ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fe"ver*ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ver*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>fi&eacute;vreux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Affected with fever
or ague; feverish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His heart, love's <i>feverous</i>
citadel.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or having the nature of,
fever; as, a <i>feverous</i> pulse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All maladies . . . all <i>feverous</i>
kinds.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having the tendency to produce fever; as,
a <i>feverous</i> disposition of the year.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ver*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Feverishly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ver*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Fever
root</i>, under <u>Fever</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fe"ver*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Feverish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Few</hw> (f&umacr;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Fewer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Fewest</u>.] [OE. <i>fewe</i>,
<i>feawe</i>, AS. <i>fe&aacute;</i>, pl. <i>fe&aacute;we</i>; akin to
OS. <i>f&amacr;h</i>, OHG. <i>f&omacr;</i> <i>fao</i>, Icel.
<i>f&amacr;r</i>, Sw. <i>f&aring;</i>, pl., Dan. <i>faa</i>, pl.,
Goth. <i>faus</i>, L. <i>paucus</i>, cf. Gr. <grk>pay^ros</grk>.  Cf.
<u>Paucity</u>.] <def>Not many; small, limited, or confined in
number; -- indicating a small portion of units or individuals
constituing a whole; often, by ellipsis of a noun, a few
people.</def> "Are not my days <i>few</i>?"  <i>Job x. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Few</i> know and <i>fewer</i> care.</blockquote>
<i>Proverb.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Few</i> is often used partitively; as, <i>few</i> of
them.</p>

<p><col><b>A few</b></col>, <cd>a small number.</cd> -- <col><b>In
few</b></col>, <cd>in a few words; briefly.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>No few</b></col>, <cd>not few; more than a few;
many.</cd>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>The few</b></col>, <cd>the minority; -- opposed to
<i>the many</i> or <i>the majority</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fe"wel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fuel</u>.]
<def>Fuel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Few"met</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fumet</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Few"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being few; smallness of number; paucity.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Brevity; conciseness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>f&?;ga</i>, Icel.
<i>feigr</i>, OHG. <i>feigi</i>.] <def>Fated; doomed.</def> [Old Eng.
& Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Fey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fay</u> faith.]
<def>Faith.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fey</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Feague</u>.]
<def>To cleanse; to clean out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feyne</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To feign.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Feyre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fair or
market.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fez</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. the town of
<i>Fez</i> in Morocco.] <def>A felt or cloth cap, usually red and
having a tassel, -- a variety of the tarboosh. See
<u>Tarboosh</u>.</def>  <i>B. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fia"cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A kind of
French hackney coach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>fiancer</i>.
See <u>Affiance</u>.] <def>To betroth; to affiance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Harmar.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fi`an`c&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
betrothed man.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fi`an`c&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
betrothed woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"ants</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fiente</i>
dung.] <def>The dung of the fox, wolf, boar, or badger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"ar</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Feuar</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>One in whom the property
of an estate is vested, subject to the estate of a life
renter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>fiar</i> of the lands; she a life
renter.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The price of grain, as legally
fixed, in the counties of Scotland, for the current year.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fi*as"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fiascoes</b></plw> (#). [It.] <def>A complete or ridiculous
failure, esp. of a musical performance, or of any pretentious
undertaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"at</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., let it be done, 3d
pers. sing., subj. pres., fr. <i>fieri</i>, used as pass. of
<i>facere</i> to make.  Cf. <u>Be</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
authoritative command or order to do something; an effectual
decree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>fiat</i> laid the corner stone.</blockquote>
<i>Willis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
warrant of a judge for certain processes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An authority for certain proceedings given by the Lord
Chancellor's signature.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fiat money</b></col>, <cd>irredeemable paper currency, not
resting on a specie basis, but deriving its purchasing power from the
declaratory fiat of the government issuing it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fi*aunt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Commission; fiat;
order; decree.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. <i>fable</i>;
cf. Prov. E. <i>fibble-fabble</i> nonsense.] <def>A falsehood; a lie;
-- used euphemistically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are very serious; they don't tell
<i>fibs</i>.</blockquote> <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fib</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fibbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fibbing</u> (?).] <def>To speak falsely.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fib</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tell a fib to.</def>
[R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fib"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tells
fibs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fi"ber</hw>, <hw>Fi"bre</hw>  }, (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>fibre</i>, L. <i>fibra</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of
the delicate, threadlike portions of which the tissues of plants and
animals are in part constituted; as, the <i>fiber</i> of flax or of
muscle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any fine, slender thread, or threadlike
substance; as, a <i>fiber</i> of spun glass; especially, one of the
slender rootlets of a plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sinew; strength; toughness; as, a man of
real <i>fiber</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet had no <i>fibers</i> in him, nor no
force.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A general name for the raw material, such
as cotton, flax, hemp, etc., used in textile manufactures.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fiber gun</b></col>, <cd>a kind of steam gun for
converting, wood, straw, etc., into fiber. The material is shut up in
the gun with steam, air, or gas at a very high pressure which is
afterward relieved suddenly by letting a lid at the muzzle fly open,
when the rapid expansion separates the fibers.</cd> -- <col><b>Fiber
plants</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>plants capable of yielding fiber
useful in the arts, as hemp, flax, ramie, agave, etc.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fi"bered</hw>, <hw>Fi"bred</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having fibers; made up of fibers.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fi"ber-faced`</hw>, <hw>Fi"bre-faced`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a visible fiber embodied in the
surface of; -- applied esp. to a kind of paper for checks, drafts,
etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fi"ber*less</hw>, <hw>Fi"bre*less</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no fibers; destitute of fibers or
fiber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"bri*form</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fibra</i> a fiber + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the
form of a fiber or fibers; resembling a fiber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"bril</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fibrille</i>,
dim. of <i>fibre</i>, L. <i>fibra</i>.] <def>A small fiber; the
branch of a fiber; a very slender thread; a fibrilla.</def>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fi*bril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fibrill&AElig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Fibril</u>.] <def>A
minute thread or fiber, as one of the fibrous elements of a muscular
fiber; a fibril.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"bril*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to fibrils or fibers; as, <i>fibrillar</i>
twitchings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"bril*la*ry</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of of
pertaining to fibrils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"bril*la`ted</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Furnished with fibrils; fringed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi`bril*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being reduced to fibers.</def>  <i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi*bril"lose</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered
with hairlike appendages, as the under surface of some lichens; also,
composed of little strings or fibers; as, <i>fibrillose</i>
appendages.</def></p>

<p><! p. 556 !></p>

<p><hw>Fi*bril"lous</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fibraleux</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or composed of,
fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"brin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>fibrine</i>.
See <u>Fiber</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
white, albuminous, fibrous substance, formed in the coagulation of
the blood either by decomposition of fibrinogen, or from the union of
fibrinogen and paraglobulin which exist separately in the blood. It
is insoluble in water, but is readily digestible in gastric and
pancreatic juice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The white, albuminous mass remaining after
washing lean beef or other meat with water until all coloring matter
is removed; the fibrous portion of the muscle tissue; flesh
fibrin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An albuminous body, resembling animal
fibrin in composition, found in cereal grains and similar seeds;
vegetable fibrin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fibrin factors</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the
albuminous bodies, paraglobulin and fibrinigen in the blood, which,
by the action of the fibrin ferment, are changed into fibrin, in
coagulation.</cd> -- <col><b>Fibrin ferment</b></col> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i>, <cd>a ferment which makes its appearance in the blood
shortly after it is shed, and is supposed to be the active agent in
causing coagulation of the blood, with formation of fibrin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fi`bri*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The state of acquiring or having an excess of fibrin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"brine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to the
fibers of plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*brin"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fibrin</i> +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An albuminous substance
existing in the blood, and in other animal fluids, which either alone
or with fibrinoplastin or paraglobulin forms fibrin, and thus causes
coagulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi`bri*nog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>Possessed of properties similar to fibrinogen;
capable of forming fibrin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi`bri*no*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.Chem.)</i> <def>Like fibrinoplastin; capable of forming
fibrin when brought in contact with fibrinogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi`bri*no*plas"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Fibrin</i> + Gr. &?; to form, mold.] <i>(Physiol.Chem.)</i>
<def>An albuminous substance, existing in the blood, which in
combination with fibrinogen forms fibrin; -- called also
<i>paraglobulin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"bri*nous</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having, or partaking of the properties of, fibrin; as,
<i>fibrious</i> exudation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi`bro*car"ti*lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fibra</i> a fiber + E. <i>cartilage</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
kind of cartilage with a fibrous matrix and approaching fibrous
connective tissue in structure.</def> --
<wf>Fi`bro*car`ti*lag"i*nous</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fi`bro*chon*dros"te*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fibra</i> a fiber + gr. &?; cartilage + &?; bone.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Partly fibrous, partly cartilaginous, and partly osseous.</def>
<i>St. George Mivart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi"broid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fibra</i> a
fiber + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Resembling or forming
fibrous tissue; made up of fibers; as, <i>fibroid</i> tumors.</def> -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fibroid tumor; a fibroma.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fibroid degeneration</b></col>, <cd>a form of degeneration
in which organs or tissues are converted into fibroid tissue.</cd> --
<col><b>Fibroid phthists</b></col>, <cd>a form of pulmonary
consumption associated with the formation of fibrous tissue in the
lungs, and the gradual atrophy of the lungs, from the pressure due to
the contraction of this tissue.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fi"bro*in</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fibra</i>
a fiber.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A variety of gelatin; the chief
ingredient of raw silk, extracted as a white amorphous
mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"bro*lite</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fibra</i> a fiber + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>fibrolithe</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A silicate of alumina, of fibrous or columnar
structure. It is like andalusite in composition; -- called also
<i>sillimanite</i>, and <i>bucholizite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fi*bro"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Fiber</u>, and <u>-oma</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor consisting
mainly of fibrous tissue, or of same modification of such
tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fi`bro*spon"gi*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. L. <i>fibra</i> a fiber + <i>spongia</i> a sponge.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of sponges having a fibrous
skeleton, including the commercial sponges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fibreux</i>.] <def>Containing, or consisting of, fibers; as, the
<i>fibrous</i> coat of the cocoanut; the <i>fibrous</i> roots of
grasses.</def> -- <wf>Fi"brous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fi`bro*vas"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fibra</i> a fiber + E. <i>vascular</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Containing woody fiber and ducts, as the stems of all flowering
plants and ferns; -- opposed to <i>cellular</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fib"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tells
fibs.</def> [Jocular]</p>

<p><hw>||Fib"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fibul&AElig;</b></plw> (#). [L., clasp, buckle.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A brooch, clasp, or buckle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mere <i>fibul&aelig;</i>, without a robe to
clasp.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The outer and usually the
smaller of the two bones of the leg, or hind limb, below the
knee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A needle for sewing up
wounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fib"u-lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the fibula.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fib`u*la"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fibularia</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Fibula</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The bone or cartilage of the tarsus, which
articulates with the fibula, and corresponds to the calcaneum in man
and most mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small dog; --
written also <i>fise</i>, <i>fyce</i>, <i>fiste</i>, etc.</def>
[Southern U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Fi*ch&eacute;</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>See <u>Fitch&Eacute;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fich"tel*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A white crystallized mineral resin from the Fichtelgebirge,
Bavaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fich"u</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., neckerchief.]
<def>A light cape, usually of lace, worn by women, to cover the neck
and throat, and extending to the shoulders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fic"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fikel</i>
untrustworthy, deceitful, AS. <i>ficol</i>, fr. <i>fic</i>,
<i>gefic</i>, fraud, deceit; cf. <i>f&amacr;cen</i> deceit, OS.
<i>f&?;kn</i>, OHG. <i>feichan</i>, Icel. <i>feikn</i> portent.  Cf.
<u>Fidget</u>.] <def>Not fixed or firm; liable to change; unstable;
of a changeable mind; not firm in opinion or purpose; inconstant;
capricious; as, Fortune's <i>fickle</i> wheel.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They know how <i>fickle</i> common lovers
are.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wavering; irresolute; unsettled; vacillating;
unstable; inconsonant; unsteady; variable; mutable; changeful;
capricious; veering; shifting.</p>

<p><hw>Fic"kle*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being fickle; instability; inconsonancy.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fic"kly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fickle
manner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fi"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ficoes</b></plw> (#). [It., a fig, fr. L. <i>ficus</i>. See
<u>Fig</u>.] <def>A fig; an insignificant trifle, no more than the
snap of one's thumb; a sign of contempt made by the fingers,
expressing. <i>A fig for you</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Steal! foh, a <i>fico</i> for the phrase.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fic"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fictilis</i>.
See <u>Fiction</u>.] <def>Molded, or capable of being molded, into
form by art; relating to pottery or to molding in any soft
material.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fictile</i> earth is more fragile than crude
earth.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The earliest specimens of Italian <i>fictile</i>
art.</blockquote> <i>C. Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fictile ware</b></col>, <cd>ware made of any material
which is molded or shaped while soft; hence, pottery of any
sort.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fic"tile*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fic*til"i*ty</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fiction</i>, L.
<i>fictio</i>, fr. <i>fingere</i>, <i>fictum</i> to form, shape,
invent, feign. See <u>Feign</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
feigning, inventing, or imagining; as, by a mere <i>fiction</i> of
the mind.</def>  <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is feigned, invented, or
imagined; especially, a feigned or invented story, whether oral or
written. Hence: A story told in order to deceive; a fabrication; --
opposed to <i>fact</i>, or <i>reality</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fiction</i> of those golden apples kept by a
dragon.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When it could no longer be denied that her flight had
been voluntary, numerous <i>fictions</i> were invented to account for
it.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fictitious literature; comprehensively,
all works of imagination; specifically, novels and
romances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The office of <i>fiction</i> as a vehicle of
instruction and moral elevation has been recognized by most if not
all great educators.</blockquote> <i>Dict. of Education.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An assumption of a possible
thing as a fact, irrespective of the question of its truth.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any like assumption made for convenience,
as for passing more rapidly over what is not disputed, and arriving
at points really at issue.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fabrication; invention; fable; falsehood.  --
<u>Fiction</u>, <u>Fabrication</u>. <i>Fiction</i> is opposed to what
is real; <i>fabrication</i> to what is true. <i>Fiction</i> is
designed commonly to amuse, and sometimes to instruct; a
<i>fabrication</i> is always intended to mislead and deceive. In the
novels of Sir Walter Scott we have <i>fiction</i> of the highest
order. The poems of Ossian, so called, were chiefly
<i>fabrications</i> by Macpherson.</p>

<p><hw>Fic"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or characterized by, fiction; fictitious;
romantic.</def>"<i>Fictional</i> rather than historical."
<i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fic"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
fiction.</def> [R.]  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fic"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Fictitious.</def> [R.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fic*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fictitius</i>. See <u>Fiction</u>.] <def>Feigned; imaginary; not
real; fabulous; counterfeit; false; not genuine; as,
<i>fictitious</i> fame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The human persons are as <i>fictitious</i> as the airy
ones.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fic*ti"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fic*ti"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fic"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fictif</i>.] <def>Feigned; counterfeit.</def> "The fount of
<i>fictive</i> tears."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fic"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>An artist who
models or forms statues and reliefs in any plastic material.</def>
[R.]  <i>Elmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fi"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a fig.] <def>A
genus of trees or shrubs, one species of which (<i>F. Carica</i>)
produces the figs of commerce; the fig tree.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ficus Indica</i> is the banyan tree; <i>F.
religiosa</i>, the peepul tree; <i>F. elastica</i>, the India-rubber
tree.</p>

<p><hw>Fid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>fid</i> a
small, thick lump.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A square
bar of wood or iron, used to support the topmast, being passed
through a hole or mortise at its heel, and resting on the trestle
trees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wooden or metal bar or pin, used to
support or steady anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pin of hard wood, tapering to a point,
used to open the strands of a rope in splicing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are <i>hand fids</i> and <i>standing fids</i> (which
are larger than the others, and stand upon a flat base). An iron
implement for this purpose is called a <i>marline spike</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A block of wood used in
mounting and dismounting heavy guns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*dal"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. See
<u>Hidalgo</u>.] <def>The lowest title of nobility in Portugal,
corresponding to that of <i>Hidalgo</i> in Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fid"dle</hw> (f&ibreve;d"d'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>fidele</i>, <i>fithele</i>, AS. <i>fi&eth;ele</i>; akin to D.
<i>vedel</i>, OHG. <i>fidula</i>, G. <i>fiedel</i>, Icel.
<i>fi&eth;la</i>, and perh. to E. <i>viol</i>.  Cf. <u>Viol</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A stringed instrument of music
played with a bow; a violin; a kit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of dock (<i>Rumex
pulcher</i>) with fiddle-shaped leaves; -- called also <i>fiddle
dock</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rack or frame of bars
connected by strings, to keep table furniture in place on the cabin
table in bad weather.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fiddle beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
Japanese carabid beetle (<i>Damaster blaptoides</i>); -- so called
from the form of the body.</cd> -- <col><b>Fiddle block</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a long tackle block having two sheaves of
different diameters in the same plane, instead of side by side as in
a common double block.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Fiddle
bow</b></col>, <cd>fiddlestick.</cd> -- <col><b>Fiddle fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the angel fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Fiddle
head</b></col>, <cd>an ornament on a ship's bow, curved like the
volute or scroll at the head of a violin.</cd> -- <col><b>Fiddle
pattern</b></col>, <cd>a form of the handles of spoons, forks, etc.,
somewhat like a violin.</cd> -- <col><b>Scotch fiddle</b></col>, the
itch. (Low) -- <col><b>To play</b></col> <col><b>first, or
second</b></col>, <col><b>fiddle</b></col>, <cd>to take a leading or
a subordinate part.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fid"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fiddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fiddling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play on a
fiddle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Themistocles . . . said he could not <i>fiddle</i>,
but he could make a small town a great city.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep the hands and fingers actively
moving as a fiddler does; to move the hands and fingers restlessy or
in busy idleness; to trifle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Talking, and <i>fiddling</i> with their hats and
feathers.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fid"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To play (a
tune) on a fiddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fid"dle*dee*dee`</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An
exclamatory word or phrase, equivalent to <i>nonsense</i>!</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fid"dle-fad`dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trifle;
trifling talk; nonsense.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fid"dle-fad`dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To talk
nonsense.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fid"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fi&eth;elere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who plays on a
fiddle or violin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A burrowing crab of
the genus <i>Gelasimus</i>, of many species. The male has one claw
very much enlarged, and often holds it in a position similar to that
in which a musician holds a fiddle, hence the name; -- called also
<i>calling crab</i>, <i>soldier crab</i>, and <i>fighting
crab</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common European
sandpiper (<i>Tringoides hypoleucus</i>); -- so called because it
continually oscillates its body.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fiddler crab</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Fiddler</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fid"dle-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Inversely ovate, with a deep hollow on each side.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fid"dle*stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bow,
strung with horsehair, used in playing the fiddle; a fiddle
bow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fid"dle*string`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
catgut strings of a fiddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fid"dle*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. F.
bois-<i>fid&egrave;le</i>, lit., faithful wood; -- so called from its
durability.] <def>The wood of several West Indian trees, mostly of
the genus <i>Citharexylum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi`de*jus"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fidejussio</i>, from <i>fidejubere</i> to be surety or bail;
<i>fides</i> faith + <i>jubere</i> to order: cf. F.
<i>fid&eacute;jussion</i>.] <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>The act or state
of being bound as surety for another; suretyship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi`de*jus"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>fid&eacute;jusseur</i>.] <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>A surety; one
bound for another, conjointly with him; a guarantor.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi*del"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fidelitas</i>: cf. F. <i>fid&eacute;lit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Fealty</u>.] <def>Faithfulness; adherence to right; careful and
exact observance of duty, or discharge of obligations.</def>
Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Adherence to a person or party
to which one is bound; loyalty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose courageous <i>fidelity</i> was proof to all
danger.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The best security for the <i>fidelity</i> of men is to
make interest coincide with duty.</blockquote> <i>A.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Adherence to the marriage contract.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Adherence to truth; veracity;
honesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The principal thing required in a witness is
<i>fidelity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Faithfulness; honesty; integrity; faith; loyalty;
fealty.</p>

<p><hw>||Fi"des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., faith.] <i>(Roman
Muth.)</i> <def>Faith personified as a goddess; the goddess of
faith.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fidge</hw> (f&ibreve;j), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fidget</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fidg"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fidgeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fodgeting</u>.] [From <u>Fidge</u>; cf. OE. <i>fiken</i> to
fidget, to flatter, Icel. <i>fika</i> to hasten, Sw. <i>fika</i> to
hunt after, AS. <i>befician</i> to deceive.  Cf. <u>Fickle</u>.]
<def>To move uneasily one way and the other; to move irregularly, or
by fits and starts.</def>  <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fidg"et</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Uneasiness; restlessness.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A general nervous restlessness,
manifested by incessant changes of position; dysphoria.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fidg"et*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being fidgety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fidg"et*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Restless;
uneasy.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fid"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., prob. fr. L.
<i>fidus</i> trusty.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small
beetles, of which one species (the grapevine Fidia, <i>F.
longipes</i>) is very injurious to vines in America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*dic"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fidicinus</i>, fr. <i>fidicen</i>, <i>-inis</i>, a lute player.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a stringed
instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*du"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fiducia</i>
trust, confidence; akin to <i>fides</i> faith. See <u>Faith</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having faith or trust; confident; undoubting;
firm.</def> "<i>Fiducial</i> reliance on the promises of God."
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the nature of a trust; fiduciary;
as, <i>fiducial</i> power.</def>  <i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fiducial edge</b></col> <i>(Astron. &amp; Surv.)</i>, <cd>the
straight edge of the alidade or ruler along which a straight line is
to be drawn.</cd> -- <col><b>Fiducial</b></col> <col><b>line or
point</b></col> <i>(Math. &amp; Physics.)</i>, <cd>a line or point of
reference, as for setting a graduated circle or scale used for
measurments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fi*du"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
confidence.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Fi*du"ci*a*ry</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fiduciarus</i>, fr. <i>fiducia</i>: cf. F. <i>fiduciaire</i>. See
<u>Fiducial</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Involving confidence or
trust; confident; undoubting; faithful; firm; as, in a
<i>fiduciary</i> capacity.</def> "<i>Fiduciary</i> obedience."
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Holding, held, or founded, in trust.</def>
<i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi*du"ci*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who holds a thing in trust for another; a trustee.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Instrumental to the conveying God's blessing upon
those whose <i>fiduciaries</i> they are.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One who depends for
salvation on faith, without works; an Antinomian.</def>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fie</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fi</i>; cf. D.
<i>fif</i>. G. <i>pfui</i>, Icel. <i>f&?;</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>fy</i>,
F. <i>fi</i>, L. <i>fi</i>, <i>phy</i>.] <def>An exclamation denoting
contempt or dislike. See <u>Fy</u>.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fief</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fief</i>; of German
origin, and the same word as E. <i>fee</i>. See <u>Fee</u>, and cf.
<u>Feud</u>, a tief.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>An estate held of a superior
on condition of military service; a fee; a feud. See under
<u>Benefice</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><! p. 557 !></p>

<p><hw>Field</hw> (f&emacr;ld), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>feld</i>, <i>fild</i>, AS. <i>feld</i>; akin to D. <i>veld</i>, G.
<i>feld</i>, Sw. <i>f&auml;lt</i>, Dan. <i>felt</i>, Icel.
<i>fold</i> field of grass, AS. <i>folde</i> earth, land, ground, OS.
<i>folda</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cleared land; land suitable
for tillage or pasture; cultivated ground; the open
country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of land of considerable size;
esp., a piece inclosed for tillage or pasture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fields</i> which promise corn and
wine.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place where a battle is fought; also,
the battle itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this glorious and well-foughten
<i>field</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What though the <i>field</i> be lost?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An open space; an extent; an
expanse.</def>  Esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any blank space or
ground on which figures are drawn or projected.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The space covered by an optical instrument
at one view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without covering, save yon <i>field</i> of
stars.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ask of yonder argent <i>fields</i> above.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The whole surface of an
escutcheon; also, so much of it is shown unconcealed by the different
bearings upon it. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Fess</u>, where the
<i>field</i> is represented as gules (red), while the <i>fess</i> is
argent (silver).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An unresticted or favorable opportunity
for action, operation, or achievement; province; room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Afforded a clear <i>field</i> for moral
experiments.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A collective term for all the competitors
in any outdoor contest or trial, or for all except the favorites in
the betting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>That part of the grounds
reserved for the players which is outside of the diamond; -- called
also <i>outfield</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Field</i> is often used adjectively in the sense of
<i>belonging to</i>, or <i>used in</i>, <i>the fields</i>; especially
with reference to the operations and equipments of an army during a
campaign away from permanent camps and fortifications. In most cases
such use of the word is sufficiently clear; as, <i>field</i> battery;
<i>field</i> fortification; <i>field</i> gun; <i>field</i> hospital,
etc.  A <i>field</i> geologist, naturalist, etc., is one who makes
investigations or collections out of doors.  A survey uses a
<i>field</i> book for recording <i>field</i> notes, <i>i.e.</i>,
measurment, observations, etc., made in <i>field</i> work (outdoor
operations). A farmer or planter employs <i>field</i> hands, and may
use a <i>field</i> roller or a <i>field</i> derrick. <i>Field</i>
sports are hunting, fishing, athletic games, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Coal field</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Coal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Field artillery</b></col>, <cd>light
ordnance mounted on wheels, for the use of a marching army.</cd> --
<col><b>Field basil</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the Mint
family (<i>Calamintha Acinos</i>); -- called also <i>basil
thyme</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Field colors</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>small flags for marking out the positions for squadrons and
battalions; camp colors.</cd> -- <col><b>Field cricket</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large European cricket (<i>Gryllus
campestric</i>), remarkable for its loud notes.</cd> -- <col><b>Field
day</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A day in the fields.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>A day when troops are taken
into the field for instruction in evolutions.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A day of unusual exertion or display; a gala
day.</cd> -- <col><b>Field driver</b></col>, <cd>in New England, an
officer charged with the driving of stray cattle to the pound.</cd> -
- <col><b>Field duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the little
bustard (<i>Otis tetrax</i>), found in Southern Europe.</cd> --
<col><b>Field glass</b></col>. <i>(Optics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A binocular telescope of compact form; a lorgnette; a race
glass.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A small achromatic telescope,
from 20 to 24 inches long, and having 3 to 6 draws.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>Field lens</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Field
lark</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
skylark.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The tree pipit.</cd> --
<col><b>Field lens</b></col> <i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>that one of the two
lenses forming the eyepiece of an astronomical telescope or compound
microscope which is nearer the object glass; -- called also <i>field
glass</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Field madder</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a plant (<i>Sherardia arvensis</i>) used in dyeing.</cd> --
<col><b>Field marshal</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the highest
military rank conferred in the British and other European
armies.</cd> -- <col><b>Field mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a mouse inhabiting fields, as the campagnol and the deer
mouse.</cd> See <u>Campagnol</u>, and <u>Deer mouse</u>. --
<col><b>Field officer</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>an officer above
the rank of captain and below that of general.</cd> -- <col><b>Field
officer's court</b></col> <i>(U.S.Army)</i>, <cd>a court-martial
consisting of one field officer empowered to try all cases, in time
of war, subject to jurisdiction of garrison and regimental
courts.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i>  -- <col><b>Field plover</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the black-bellied plover (<i>Charadrius
squatarola</i>); also sometimes applied to the Bartramian sandpiper
(<i>Bartramia longicauda</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Field
spaniel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small spaniel used in
hunting small game.</cd> -- <col><b>Field sparrow</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small American sparrow
(<i>Spizella pusilla</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The hedge
sparrow.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Field staff</b></col>> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>a staff formerly used by gunners to hold a lighted match for
discharging a gun.</cd> -- <col><b>Field vole</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European meadow mouse.</cd> --
<col><b>Field of ice</b></col>, <cd>a large body of floating ice; a
pack.</cd> -- <col><b>Field</b></col>, or <col><b>Field of
view</b></col>, <cd>in a telescope or microscope, the entire space
within which objects are seen.</cd> -- <col><b>Field
magnet</b></col>. <cd>see under <u>Magnet</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Magnetic field</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Magnetic</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To back the field</b></col>, or <col><b>To bet on the
field</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Back</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To keep the field</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>To continue a campaign.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To maintain one's ground against all
comers.</cd> -- <col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>lay, or back</b></col>,
<col><b>against the field</b></col>, <cd>to bet on (a horse, etc.)
against all comers.</cd> -- <col><b>To take the field</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to enter upon a campaign.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Field</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fielded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fielding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take the field.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ball Playing)</i> <def>To stand out in the
field, ready to catch, stop, or throw the ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Field</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Ball Playing)</i>
<def>To catch, stop, throw, etc. (the ball), as a fielder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Field"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Engaged in the field;
encamped.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To help <i>fielded</i> friends.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Field"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
fields.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fielden</i> country also and
plains.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Field"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ball Playing)</i>
<def>A ball payer who stands out in the field to catch or stop
balls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Field"fare`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>feldfare</i>, AS. <i>feldfare</i>; field + <i>faran</i> to
travel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>a small thrush (<i>Turdus
pilaris</i>) which breeds in northern Europe and winters in Great
Britain. The head, nape, and lower part of the back are ash-colored;
the upper part of the back and wing coverts, chestnut; -- called also
<i>fellfare</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Field"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ball Playing)</i>
<def>The act of playing as a fielder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Field"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cannon
mounted on wheels, for the use of a marching army; a piece of field
artillery; -- called also <i>field gun</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Field"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>Any temporary fortification thrown up by an army in the field; -
- commonly in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All works which do not come under the head of
permanent fortification are called <i>fieldworks</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Field"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Open, like a
field.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fiend</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fend</i>,
<i>find</i>, <i>fiend</i>, <i>feond</i>, fiend, foe, AS.
<i>fe&oacute;nd</i>; akin to OS. <i>f&imacr;ond</i>, D. <i>vijand</i>
enemy, OHG. <i>f&imacr;ant</i>, G. <i>feind</i>, Icel.
<i>fj&amacr;nd</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>fiende</i>, Goth. <i>fijands</i>;
orig. p. pr. of a verb meaning <i>to hate</i>, AS.
<i>fe&oacute;n</i>, <i>fe&oacute;gan</i>, OHG. <i>f&imacr;&?;n</i>,
Goth. <i>fijan</i>, Skr. <i>p&imacr;y</i> to scorn; prob. akin to E.
<i>feud</i> a quarrel. &radic;81.  Cf. <u>Foe</u>, <u>Friend</u>.]
<def>An implacable or malicious foe; one who is diabolically wicked
or cruel; an infernal being; -- applied specifically to the devil or
a demon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Into this wild abyss the wary <i>fiend</i><BR>
Stood on the brink of Hell and looked a while.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O woman! woman! when to ill thy mind<BR>
Is bent, all hell contains no fouler <i>fiend</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fiend"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of fiendish
spirit or arts.</def>  <i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fiend"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fiend"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a fiend;
diabolically wicked or cruel; infernal; malignant; devilish;
hellish.</def> -- <wf>Fiend"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fiend"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fiend"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fiendish;
diabolical.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fiend"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fe&oacute;ndlic</i>.] <def>Fiendlike; monstrous; devilish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fi`e*ras"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small, slender fishes, remarkable
for their habit of living as commensals in other animals. One species
inhabits the gill cavity of the pearl oyster near Panama; another
lives within an East Indian holothurian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fierce</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Fiercer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Fiercest</u> (?).] [OE. <i>fers</i>,
<i>fiers</i>, OF. <i>fier</i>, nom. <i>fiers</i>, fierce, savage,
cruel, F. <i>fier</i> proud, from L. <i>ferus</i> wild, savage,
cruel; perh. akin to E. <i>bear</i> the animal.  Cf. <u>Feral</u>,
<u>Ferocity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Furious; violent;
unrestrained; impetuous; as, a <i>fierce</i> wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>fierce</i> thunder drove us to the
deep.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vehement in anger or cruelty; ready or
eager to kill or injure; of a nature to inspire terror;
ferocious.</def> "A <i>fierce</i> whisper." <i>Dickens.</i> "A
<i>fierce</i> tyrant." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fierce</i> foe hung upon our broken
rear.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou huntest me as a <i>fierce</i> lion.</blockquote>
<i>Job. x. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Excessively earnest, eager, or
ardent.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ferocious; savage; cruel; vehement; impetuous;
barbarous; fell. See <u>Ferocious</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Fierce"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fierce"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Fi"e*ri fa"ci*as</hw> (?). [L., cause it to be done.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A judicial writ that lies for one who has recovered
in debt or damages, commanding the sheriff that he cause to be made
of the goods, chattels, or real estate of the defendant, the sum
claimed.</def>  <i>Blackstone. Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi"er*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being fiery; heat; acrimony; irritability; as, a <i>fieriness</i>
of temper.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi"er*y</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Formerly written
<i>firy</i>, fr. <i>fire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of,
containing, or resembling, fire; as, the <i>fiery</i> gulf of Etna; a
<i>fiery</i> appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>fiery</i> billows roll below.</blockquote>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vehement; ardent; very active;
impetuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath thy <i>fiery</i> heart so parched thine
entrails?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fiery</i> spirit of his
forefathers.</blockquote> <i>W. Irwing.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Passionate; easily provoked;
irritable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You know the <i>fiery</i> quality of the
duke.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Unrestrained; fierce; mettlesome;
spirited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One curbed the <i>fiery</i> steed.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>heated by fire, or as if by fire; burning
hot; parched; feverish.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sword which is made <i>fiery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fiery cross</b></col>, <cd>a cross constructed of two
firebrands, and pitched upon the point of a spear; formerly in
Scotland borne by a runner as a signal for the clan to take up
arms.</cd>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fife</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fifre</i>, OHG.
<i>pf&imacr;fa</i>, LL. <i>pipa</i> pipe, <i>pipare</i> to play on
the pipe, fr. L. <i>pipire</i>, <i>pipare</i>, to peep, pip, chirp,
as a chiken. See <u>Pipe</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small shrill
pipe, resembling the piccolo flute, used chiefly to accompany the
drum in military music.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fife major</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a noncommissioned
officer who superintends the fifers of a regiment.</cd> --
<col><b>Fife rail</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
rail about the mast, at the deck, to hold belaying pins, etc.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A railing around the break of a poop
deck.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fife</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fifed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>fifing</u>.] <def>To play on a fife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fif"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who plays on a
fife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fif"teen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fiftene</i>,
AS. <i>f&imacr;ft&ymacr;ne</i>, <i>f&imacr;ft&emacr;ne</i>. See
<u>Five</u>, and <u>Ten</u>, and cf. <u>Fifty</u>.] <def>Five and
ten; one more than fourteen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fif"teen`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The sum of five and ten; fifteen units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing fifteen units, as
15, or xv.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fif"teenth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>fiftenthe</i>; cf. <i>fiftethe</i>, AS.
<i>f&imacr;fte&omacr;&eth;a</i>. See <u>Fifteen</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next in order after the fourteenth; -- the
ordinal of fifteen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of one of fifteen equal parts
or divisions of a thing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fif"teenth`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of fifteen equal parts or divisions; the quotient of a unit
divided by fifteen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A species of tax upon personal property
formerly laid on towns, boroughs, etc., in England, being one
fifteenth part of what the personal property in each town, etc., had
been valued at.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A stop
in an organ tuned two octaves above the diaposon.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An interval consisting of two
octaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fifth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fifte</i>,
<i>fifthe</i>, AS. <i>f&imacr;fta</i>. See <u>Five</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next in order after the fourth; -- the
ordinal of five.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of one of five equal divisions
of a thing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fifth monarchy men</b></col> <i>(Hist.)</i>, <cd>a
fanatical sect in England, of the time of the commonwealth, who
maintained that there would be a fifth universal monarchy, during
which Christ would reign on earth a thousand years.</cd> --
<col><b>Fifth wheel</b></col>, <cd>a horizontal wheel or segment
above the fore axle of a carriage and beneath the body, forming an
extended support to prevent careening.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fifth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quotient of a unit divided by five; one of five equal parts;
a fifth part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The interval of three tones
and a semitone, embracing five diatonic degrees of the scale; the
dominant of any key.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fifth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the fifth place;
as the fifth in order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fif"ti*eth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>f&imacr;ftigo&eth;a</i>. See <u>Fifty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Next in order after the forty-ninth; -- the ordinal of
fifty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of one of fifty equal parts or
divisions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fif"ti*eth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of fifty equal
parts; the quotient of a unit divided by fifty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fif"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>f&imacr;ftig</i>; akin to OHG. <i>finfzug</i>, <i>fimfzuc</i>, G.
<i>f&uuml;nfzig</i>, <i>funfzig</i>, Goth. <i>fimftigjus</i>. See
<u>Five</u>, and <u>Ten</u>, and cf. <u>Fifteen</u>.] <def>Five times
ten; as, <i>fifty</i> men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fif"ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fifties</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sum of
five tens; fifty units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing fifty units, as 50,
or l.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>figue</i> the fruit
of the tree, Pr. <i>figa</i>, fr. L. <i>ficus</i> fig tree, fig.  Cf.
<u>Fico</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small fruit
tree (<i>Ficus Carica</i>) with large leaves, known from the remotest
antiquity. It was probably native from Syria westward to the Canary
Islands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fruit of a fig tree, which is of round
or oblong shape, and of various colors.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The fruit of a fig tree is really the hollow end of a stem,
and bears numerous achenia inside the cavity. Many species have
little, hard, inedible figs, and in only a few does the fruit become
soft and pulpy. The fruit of the cultivated varieties is much prized
in its fresh state, and also when dried or preserved. See
<u>Caprification</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of tobacco.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The value of a fig, practically nothing; a
fico; -- used in scorn or contempt.</def> "A <i>fig</i> for Peter."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cochineal fig</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Conchineal
fig</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fig dust</b></col>, <cd>a preparation of
fine oatmeal for feeding caged birds.</cd> -- <col><b>Fig
faun</b></col>, <cd>one of a class of rural deities or monsters
supposed to live on figs.</cd> "Therefore shall dragons dwell there
with the <i>fig fauns</i>." <i>Jer. i. 39. (Douay version).</i> --
<col><b>Fig gnat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small fly said
to be injurious to figs.</cd> -- <col><b>Fig leaf</b></col>, <cd>the
leaf tree; hence, in allusion to the first clothing of Adam and Eve
(Genesis iii.7), a covering for a thing that ought to be concealed;
esp., an inadequate covering; a symbol for affected modesty.</cd> --
<col><b>Fig marigold</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the name of several
plants of the genus <i>Mesembryanthemum</i>, some of which are prized
for the brilliancy and beauty of their flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Fig
tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any tree of the genus <i>Ficus</i>,
but especially <i>F. Carica</i> which produces the fig of
commerce.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Fico</u>,
<u>Fig</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To insult
with a fico, or contemptuous motion. See <u>Fico</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When Pistol lies, do this, and <i>fig</i> me like<BR>
The bragging Spaniard.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put into the head of, as something
useless o&?; contemptible.</def> [Obs.]  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Figure; dress;
array.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Were they all in full <i>fig</i>, the females with
feathers on their heads, the males with chapeaux bras?</blockquote>
<i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fi`ga`ro"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the name of
the barber in Beaumarchais' "Barber of Seville."] <def>An adroit and
unscrupulous intriguer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fig"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>vagary</i>.] <def>A frolic; a vagary; a whim.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fig"eat`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large beetle (<i>Allorhina nitida</i>)
which in the Southern United States destroys figs.  The elytra are
velvety green with pale borders.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
bird. See <u>Figpecker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fig"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fidgety;
restless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such a little <i>figent</i> thing.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fig"gum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A juggler's trick; conjuring.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The devil is the author of wicked
<i>figgum</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fight</hw> (f&imacr;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fought</u> (f&add;t); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fighting</u>.] [OE. <i>fihten</i>, <i>fehten</i>, AS.
<i>feohtan</i>; akin to D. <i>vechten</i>, OHG. <i>fehtan</i>, G.
<i>fechten</i>, Sw. <i>f&auml;kta</i>, Dan. <i>fegte</i>, and perh.
to E. <i>fist</i>; cf. L. <i>pugnare</i> to fight, <i>pugnus</i>
fist.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strive or contend for victory, with
armies or in single combat; to attempt to defeat, subdue, or destroy
an enemy, either by blows or weapons; to contend in arms; -- followed
by <i>with</i> or <i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You do <i>fight</i> against your country's
foes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>fight</i> with thee no man of arms will
deign.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act in opposition to anything; to
struggle against; to contend; to strive; to make
resistance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To fight shy</b></col>, <cd>to avoid meeting fairly or at
close quarters; to keep out of reach.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
carry on, or wage, as a conflict, or battle; to win or gain by
struggle, as one's way; to sustain by fighting, as a cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had to <i>fight</i> his way through the
world.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>fought</i> a good fight.</blockquote> <i>2
Tim. iv. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contend with in battle; to war against;
as, they <i>fought</i> the enemy in two pitched battles; the sloop
<i>fought</i> the frigate for three hours.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to fight; to manage or maneuver
in a fight; as, to <i>fight</i> cocks; to <i>fight</i> one's
ship.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To fight it out</b></col>, <cd>to fight until a decisive
and conclusive result is reached.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 558 !></p>

<p><hw>Fight</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fight</i>,
<i>feht</i>, AS. <i>feoht</i>. See <u>Fight</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A battle; an engagement; a
contest in arms; a combat; a violent conflict or struggle for
victory, between individuals or between armies, ships, or navies,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who now defies thee thrice to single
<i>fight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A struggle or contest of any
kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Strength or disposition for fighting;
pugnacity; as, he has a great deal of <i>fight</i> in him.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A screen for the combatants in
ships.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Up with your <i>fights</i>, and your nettings
prepare.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Running fight</b></col>, <cd>a fight in which the enemy is
continually chased; also, one which continues without definite end or
result.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Combat; engagement; contest; struggle; encounter;
fray; affray; action; conflict. See <u>Battle</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fight"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>feohtere</i>.]
<def>One who fights; a combatant; a warrior.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fight"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Qualified for war; fit for battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An host of <i>fighting</i> men.</blockquote> <i>2
Chron. xxvi. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Occupied in war; being the scene of a
battle; as, a <i>fighting</i> field.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A fighting chance</b></col>, <cd>one dependent upon the
issue of a struggle.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Fighting
crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the fiddler crab.</cd> --
<col><b>Fighting fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a remarkably
pugnacious East Indian fish (<i>Betta pugnax</i>), reared by the
Siamese for spectacular fish fights.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fight"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Pugnaciously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fight"wite`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fight</i> +
<i>wite</i>.] <i>(O.Eng. Law)</i> <def>A mulct or fine imposed on a
person for making a fight or quarrel to the disturbance of the
peace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fig"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>figmentum</i>,
fr. <i>fingere</i> to form, shape, invent, feign. See <u>Feign</u>.]
<def>An invention; a fiction; something feigned or
imagined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Social <i>figments</i>, feints, and
formalism.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It carried rather an appearance of <i>figment</i> and
invention . . . than of truth and reality.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fig"peck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European garden warbler (<i>Sylvia, or Currica,
hortensis</i>); -- called also <i>beccafico</i> and <i>greater
pettychaps</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fig"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A marine univalve shell of the genus <i>Pyrula</i>, or
<i>Ficula</i>, resembling a fig in form.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fig"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Fig"u*la`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>figulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>figulare</i>
to shape, fr. <i>figulus</i> potter, fr. <i>fingere</i> to shape.]
<def>Made of potter's clay; molded; shaped.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fig"u*line</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>figulina</i> pottery, fr. <i>figulus</i>. See <u>Figulate</u>.]
<def>A piece of pottery ornamented with representations of natural
objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose <i>figulines</i> and rustic wares<BR>
Scarce find him bread from day to day.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fig`ur*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>figurabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
figurable.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fig`ur*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>figurare</i> to form, shape, fr. <i>figura</i> figure: cf. F.
<i>figurable</i>. See <u>Figure</u>.] <def>Capable of being brought
to a fixed form or shape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lead is <i>figurable</i>, but water is
not.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fig"ur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Figure</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Represented by figure or delineation;
consisting of figures; as, <i>figural</i> ornaments.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Figurate. See
<u>Figurate</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Figural numbers</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Figurate
numbers</i>, under <u>Figurate</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fig"u*rant`</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n. masc.</i></pos> [F.,
prop. p. pr. of <i>figurer</i> figure, represent, make a figure.]
<def>One who dances at the opera, not singly, but in groups or
figures; an accessory character on the stage, who figures in its
scenes, but has nothing to say; hence, one who figures in any scene,
without taking a prominent part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fig"u*rante`</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n. fem.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A female figurant; esp., a ballet girl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fig"ur*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>figuratus</i>, p. p. of <i>figurare</i>. See <u>Figure</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of a definite form or figure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plants are all <i>figurate</i> and determinate, which
inanimate bodies are not.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figurative; metaphorical.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Florid; figurative;
involving passing discords by the freer melodic movement of one or
more parts or voices in the harmony; as, <i>figurate</i> counterpoint
or descant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Figurate counterpoint</b></col> or
<col><b>descant</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>that which is not
simple, or in which the parts do not move together tone for tone, but
in which freer movement of one or more parts mingles passing discords
with the harmony; -- called also <i>figural</i>, <i>figurative</i>,
and <i>figured counterpoint</i> or <i>descant</i> (although the term
<i>figured</i> is more commonly applied to a bass with numerals
written above or below to indicate the other notes of the
harmony).</cd> -- <col><b>Figurate numbers</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>numbers, or series of numbers, formed from any arithmetical
progression in which the first term is a unit, and the difference a
whole number, by taking the first term, and the sums of the first
two, first three, first four, etc., as the successive terms of a new
series, from which another may be formed in the same manner, and so
on, the numbers in the resulting series being such that points
representing them are capable of symmetrical arrangement in different
geometrical figures, as triangles, squares, pentagons, etc.</cd> In
the following example, the two lower lines are composed of
<i>figurate numbers</i>, those in the second line being
<i>triangular</i>, and represented thus: --</p>

<p>                        .              1, 2,  3,  4, etc.
              .        . .             1, 3,  6, 10, etc.
      .      . .     . . . .   etc.    1, 4, 10, 20, etc
 .   . .   . . . .  . . . . .
</p>

<p><hw>Fig"ur*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
determinate form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fig"ur*ate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
figurate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fig`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>figuratio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of giving figure
or determinate form; determination to a certain form.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Mixture of concords and
discords.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fig"ur*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>figurativus</i>: cf. F. <i>figuratif</i>. See <u>Figurative</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Representing by a figure, or by resemblance;
typical; representative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This, they will say, was <i>figurative</i>, and
served, by God's appointment, but for a time, to shadow out the true
glory of a more divine sanctity.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Used in a sense that is tropical, as a
metaphor; not literal; -- applied to words and expressions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in figures of speech; flowery;
florid; as, a highly <i>figurative</i> description.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the representation of form or
figure by drawing, carving, etc. See <u>Figure</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They belonged to a nation dedicated to the
<i>figurative</i> arts, and they wrote for a public familiar with
painted form.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Figurative</b></col> <col><b>counterpoint or
descant</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Figurate</u>.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fig"ur*a*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fig"ur*a*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fig"ure</hw> (f&ibreve;g"&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., <i>figure</i>, L. <i>figura</i>; akin to <i>fingere</i> to form,
shape, feign. See <u>Feign</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The form of
anything; shape; outline; appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flowers have all exquisite
<i>figures</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The representation of any form, as by
drawing, painting, modeling, carving, embroidering, etc.; especially,
a representation of the human body; as, a <i>figure</i> in bronze; a
<i>figure</i> cut in marble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A coin that bears the <i>figure</i> of an
angel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pattern in cloth, paper, or other
manufactured article; a design wrought out in a fabric; as, the
muslin was of a pretty <i>figure</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A diagram or drawing; made
to represent a magnitude or the relation of two or more magnitudes; a
surface or space inclosed on all sides; -- called <i>superficial</i>
when inclosed by lines, and <i>solid</i> when inclosed by surfaces;
any arrangement made up of points, lines, angles, surfaces,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The appearance or impression made by the
conduct or career of a person; as, a sorry <i>figure</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I made some <i>figure</i> there.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gentlemen of the best <i>figure</i> in the
county.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Distinguished appearance; magnificence;
conspicuous representation; splendor; show.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That he may live in <i>figure</i> and
indulgence.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A character or symbol representing a
number; a numeral; a digit; as, 1, 2,3, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Value, as expressed in numbers; price; as,
the goods are estimated or sold at a low <i>figure</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With nineteen thousand a year at the very lowest
<i>figure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A person, thing, or action, conceived of
as analogous to another person, thing, or action, of which it thus
becomes a type or representative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who is the <i>figure</i> of Him that was to
come.</blockquote> <i>Rom. v. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A mode of expressing
abstract or immaterial ideas by words which suggest pictures or
images from the physical world; pictorial language; a trope; hence,
any deviation from the plainest form of statement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To represent the imagination under the <i>figure</i>
of a wing.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The form of a syllogism
with respect to the relative position of the middle term.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Dancing)</i> <def>Any one of the several
regular steps or movements made by a dancer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>A horoscope; the diagram
of the aspects of the astrological houses.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Music)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
short succession of notes, either as melody or as a group of chords,
which produce a single complete and distinct impression.</def>
<i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A form of melody or accompaniment kept up
through a strain or passage; a musical phrase or motive; a florid
embellishment.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Figures are often written upon the staff in music to denote
the kind of measure. They are usually in the form of a fraction, the
upper figure showing how many notes of the kind indicated by the
lower are contained in one measure or bar. Thus, <musfig>2/4</musfig>
signifies that the measure contains two quarter notes. The following
are the principal figures used for this purpose: --
</p>

<p><musfig>2/2</musfig><musfig>2/4</musfig><musfig>2/8</musfig>
<musfig>4/2</musfig><musfig>2/4</musfig><musfig>4/8</musfig>
<musfig>3/2</musfig><musfig>3/4</musfig><musfig>3/8</musfig>
<musfig>6/4</musfig><musfig>6/4</musfig><musfig>6/8</musfig>
</p>

<p><col><b>Academy figure</b></col>, <col><b>Canceled
figures</b></col>, <col><b>Lay figure</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under
<u>Academy</u>, <u>Cancel</u>, <u>Lay</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Figure caster</b></col>, or <col><b>Figure flinger</b></col>,
<cd>an astrologer.</cd> "This <i>figure caster</i>." <i>Milton.</i> -
- <col><b>Figure flinging</b></col>, <cd>the practice of
astrology.</cd> -- <col><b>Figure-of-eight knot</b></col>, <cd>a knot
shaped like the figure 8. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Knot</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Figure painting</b></col>, <cd>a picture of the human
figure, or the act or art of depicting the human figure.</cd> --
<col><b>Figure stone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>agalmatolite.</cd>
-- <col><b>Figure weaving</b></col>, <cd>the art or process of
weaving figured fabrics.</cd> -- <col><b>To cut a figure</b></col>,
<cd>to make a display.</cd> [Colloq.] <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fig"ure</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Figured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Figuring</u>.] [F. <i>figurer</i>, L. <i>figurare</i>, fr.
<i>figura</i>. See <u>Figure</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To represent by a figure, as to form or mold;
to make an image of, either palpable or ideal; also, to fashion into
a determinate form; to shape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If love, alas! be pain I bear,</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No thought can <i>figure</i>, and no tongue
declare.Prior.</blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To embellish with design; to adorn with
figures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vaulty top of heaven<BR>
<i>Figured</i> quite o'er with burning meteors.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To indicate by numerals; also, to
compute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As through a crystal glass the <i>figured</i> hours
are seen.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To represent by a metaphor; to signify or
symbolize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose white vestments <i>figure</i>
innocence.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To prefigure; to foreshow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this the heaven <i>figures</i> some
event.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To write
over or under the bass, as figures or other characters, in order to
indicate the accompanying chords.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To
embellish.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To figure out</b></col>, <cd>to solve; to compute or find
the result of.</cd> -- <col><b>To figure up</b></col>, <cd>to add; to
reckon; to compute the amount of.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fig"ure</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a figure; to be distinguished or conspicious; as, the
envoy <i>figured</i> at court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sociable, hospitable, eloquent, admired,
<i>figuring</i> away brilliantly.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To calculate; to contrive; to scheme; as,
he is <i>figuring</i> to secure the nomination.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fig"ured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Adorned with figures; marked with figures; as, <i>figured</i>
muslin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not literal; figurative.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Free and
florid; as, a <i>figured</i> descant. See <u>Figurate</u>, 3.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Indicated or noted by figures.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Figured bass</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Continued bass</i>,
under <u>Continued</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fig"ure*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The figure, statue, or bust,
on the prow of a ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who allows his name to be used to
give standing to enterprises in which he has no responsible interest
or duties; a nominal, but not real, head or chief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*gu"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Represented by
figure or delineation.</def> [R.]  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fi`gu`rine"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
<i>dim</i>. <i>of figure</i>.] <def>A very small figure, whether
human or of an animal; especially, one in terra cotta or the like; --
distinguished from <i>statuette</i>, which is applied to small
figures in bronze, marble, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fig"ur*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses or
interprets figurative expressions.</def>  <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fig"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of herbaceous plants (<i>Scrophularia</i>), mostly found in the
north temperate zones. See <u>Brownwort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"ji*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Fiji islands or their inhabitants.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of the Fiji islands.</def>
[Written also <i>Feejeean</i>, <i>Feejee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Fike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fyke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Fall</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> Fell.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi*la"ceous</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>filum</i> thread.] <def>Composed of threads.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"a*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>filace</i> a
file, or thread, on which the records of the courts of justice were
strung, F. <i>filasse</i> tow of flax or hemp, fr. L. <i>filum</i>
thread.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A former officer in the English Court
of Common Pleas; -- so called because he <i>filed</i> the writs on
which he made out process.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"a*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>filament</i>,
fr. L. <i>filum</i> thread. See <u>File</u> a row.] <def>A thread or
threadlike object or appendage; a fiber; esp. <i>(Bot.)</i>, the
threadlike part of the stamen supporting the anther.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil`a*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
character of, or formed by, a filament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"a*men*toid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Filament</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Like a filament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil`a*men"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>filamenteux</i>.] <def>Like a thread; consisting of threads or
filaments.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"an*der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A species of kangaroo (<i>Macropus Brunii</i>), inhabiting New
Guinea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"an*ders</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>filandres</i>, fr. L. <i>filum</i> thread.] <i>(Falconry)</i>
<def>A disease in hawks, characterized by the presence of small
threadlike worms, also of filaments of coagulated blood, from the
rupture of a vein; -- called also <i>backworm</i>.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>filum</i> a
thread.] <def>Of or pertaining to a thread or line; characterized by
threads stretched across the field of view; as, a <i>filar</i>
microscope; a <i>filar</i> micrometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fi*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>filum</i> a thread.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of slender,
nematode worms of many species, parasitic in various animals. See
<u>Guinea worm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>filatorium</i> place for spinning, fr. <i>filare</i> to spin, fr.
L. <i>filum</i> a thread.] <def>A machine for forming threads.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>W. Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"a*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>filatura</i>, fr. <i>filare</i> to spin: cf. F. <i>filature</i>.
See <u>Filatory</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A drawing out into
threads; hence, the reeling of silk from cocoons.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reel for drawing off silk from cocoons;
also, an establishment for reeling silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"bert</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. fr. <i>fill +
bread</i>, as filling the bread or husk; cf. G. <i>bartnuss</i>
(lit., bread nut) filbert; or perh. named from a St.
<i>Philibert</i>, whose day, Aug. 22, fell in the nutting season.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of the <i>Corylus Avellana</i> or hazel.
It is an oval nut, containing a kernel that has a mild, farinaceous,
oily taste, agreeable to the palate.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England <i>filberts</i> are usually large hazelnuts,
especially the nuts from selected and cultivated trees. The American
hazelnuts are of two other species.</p>

<p><col><b>Filbert gall</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a gall
resembling a filbert in form, growing in clusters on grapevines. It
is produced by the larva of a gallfly (<i>Cecidomyia</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Filch</hw> (f&ibreve;lch), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Filched</u> (f&ibreve;lcht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Filching</u>.] [Cf. AS.
<i>feolan</i> to stick to, OHG. <i>felhan</i>, <i>felahan</i>, to
hide, Icel. <i>fela</i>, Goth. <i>filhan</i> to hide, bury, Prov. E.
<i>feal</i> to hide slyly, OE. <i>felen</i>.] <def>To steal or take
privily (commonly, that which is of little value); to
pilfer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fain would they <i>filch</i> that little food
away.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But he that <i>filches</i> from me my good name,<BR>
Robs me of that which not enriches him,<BR>
And makes me poor indeed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Filch"er</hw> (f&ibreve;lch"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who filches; a thief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Filch"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By pilfering or
petty stealing.</def></p>

<p><! p. 559 !></p>

<p><hw>File</hw> (f&imacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>file</i>
row (cf. Pr., Sp., Pg., &amp; It. <i>fila</i>), LL. <i>fila</i>, fr. L.
<i>filum</i> a thread.  Cf. <u>Enfilade</u>, <u>Filament</u>,
<u>Fillet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An orderly succession; a
line; a row</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <sd><i>(Mil)</i></sd>
<def>A row of soldiers ranged one behind another; -- in
contradistinction to <i>rank</i>, which designates a row of soldiers
standing abreast; a number consisting the depth of a body of troops,
which, in the ordinary modern formation, consists of two men, the
battalion standing two deep, or in two ranks.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The number of <i>files</i> in a company describes its
width, as the number of ranks does its depth; thus, 100 men in "fours
deep" would be spoken of as 25 <i>files</i> in 4 ranks.
<i>Farrow.</i>
</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An orderly collection of papers, arranged
in sequence or classified for preservation and reference; as,
<i>files</i> of letters or of newspapers; this mail brings English
<i>files</i> to the 15th instant.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
line, wire, or other contrivance, by which papers are put and kept in
order.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is upon a <i>file</i> with the duke's other
letters.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A roll or list.</def> "A <i>file</i> of
all the gentry."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Course of thought; thread of
narration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let me resume the <i>file</i> of my
narration.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>File firing</b></col>, <cd>the act of firing by file, or
each file independently of others.</cd> -- <col><b>File
leader</b></col>, <cd>the soldier at the front of any file, who
covers and leads those in rear of him.</cd> -- <col><b>File
marching</b></col>, <cd>the marching of a line two deep, when faced
to the right or left, so that the front and rear rank march side by
side.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i>  --<col><b>Indian file</b></col>, or
<col><b>Single file</b></col>, <cd>a line of men marching one behind
another; a single row.</cd> -- <col><b>On file</b></col>,
<cd>preserved in an orderly collection.</cd> -- <col><b>Rank and
file</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The body of soldiers
constituing the mass of an army, including corporals and
privates.</cd> <i>Wilhelm.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Those who
constitute the bulk or working members of a party, society, etc., in
distinction from the leaders.</cd></p>

<p><hw>File</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Filed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Filing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set in order; to arrange,
or lay away, esp. as papers in a methodical manner for preservation
and reverence; to place on file; to insert in its proper place in an
arranged body of papers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would have my several courses and my dishes well
<i>filed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring before a court or legislative
body by presenting proper papers in a regular way; as, to <i>file</i>
a petition or bill.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To put upon the files or
among the records of a court; to note on (a paper) the fact date of
its reception in court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>file</i> a paper, on the part of a party, is to
place it in the official custody of the clerk. To <i>file</i>, on the
part of the clerk, is to indorse upon the paper the date of its
reception, and retain it in his office, subject to inspection by
whomsoever it may concern.</blockquote> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>File</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>filer</i>.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To march in a file or line, as soldiers, not
abreast, but one after another; -- generally with
<i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To file with</b></col>, <cd>to follow closely, as one
soldier after another in file; to keep pace.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>My endeavors<BR>
Have ever come too short of my desires,<BR>
Yet <i>filed with</i> my abilities.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>File</hw> (f&imacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fe&oacute;l</i>; akin to D. <i>viji</i>, OHG. <i>f&imacr;la</i>,
<i>f&imacr;hala</i>, G. <i>feile</i>, Sw. <i>fil</i>, Dan.
<i>fiil</i>, cf. Icel. <i>&thorn;&emacr;l</i>, Russ. <i>pila</i>, and
Skr. <i>pi&ccedil;</i> to cut out, adorn; perh. akin to E.
<i>paint</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A steel instrument, having
cutting ridges or teeth, made by indentation with a chisel, used for
abrading or smoothing other substances, as metals, wood,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>file</i> differs from a <i>rasp</i> in having the
furrows made by straight cuts of a chisel, either single or crossed,
while the rasp has coarse, single teeth, raised by the pyramidal end
of a triangular punch.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything employed to smooth, polish, or
rasp, literally or figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mock the nice touches of the critic's
<i>file</i>.</blockquote> <i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shrewd or artful person.</def> [Slang]
<i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Will is an old <i>file</i> in spite of his smooth
face.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bastard file</b></col>, <col><b>Cross file</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Bastard</u>, <u>Cross</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Cross-cut file</b></col>, <cd>a file having two sets of teeth
crossing obliquely.</cd> -- <col><b>File blank</b></col>, <cd>a steel
blank shaped and ground ready for cutting to form a file.</cd> --
<col><b>File cutter</b></col>, <cd>a maker of files.</cd> --
<col><b>Second-cut file</b></col>, <cd>a file having teeth of a grade
next finer than bastard.</cd> -- <col><b>Single-cut file</b></col>,
<cd>a file having only one set of parallel teeth; a float.</cd> --
<col><b>Smooth file</b></col>, <cd>a file having teeth so fine as to
make an almost smooth surface.</cd></p>

<p><hw>File</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
rub, smooth, or cut away, with a file; to sharpen with a file; as, to
<i>file</i> a saw or a tooth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To smooth or polish as with a file.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>File</i> your tongue to a little more
courtesy.</blockquote>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>File</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fulen</i>,
<i>filen</i>, <i>foulen</i>, AS. <i>f&?;lan</i>, fr. f&?;l foul. See
<u>Foul</u>, and cf. <u>Defile</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
make foul; to defile.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All his hairy breast with blood was
<i>filed</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For Banquo's issue have I <i>filed</i> my
mind.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>File"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any plectognath fish of the genera <i>Monacanthus</i>,
<i>Alutera</i>, <i>balistes</i>, and allied genera; -- so called on
account of the roughly granulated skin, which is sometimes used in
place of sandpaper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"e*mot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Feullemort</u>.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who works with
a file.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"ial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>filialis</i>,
fr. <i>filius</i> son, <i>filia</i> daughter; akin to e.
<i>female</i>, <i>feminine</i>.  Cf. <u>Fitz</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a son or daughter; becoming to a child in
relation to his parents; as, <i>filial</i> obedience.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bearing the relation of a child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And thus the <i>filial</i> Godhead answering
spoke.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"ial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a filial
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To adopt as
son or daughter; to establish filiation between.</def> [R.]
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>filiatio</i>, fr. L. <i>filius</i> son: cf. F. <i>filiation</i>.
See <u>Filial</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The relationship of a son
or child to a parent, esp. to a father.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The relation of paternity and
<i>filiation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The assignment of a bastard
child to some one as its father; affiliation.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*beg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>feileadhbeag</i>, <i>i. e.</i>, little kilt; <i>feileadh</i> kilt
+ <i>beag</i> little, small; cf. <i>filleadh</i> a plait, fold.]
<def>Same as <u>Kilt</u>.</def> [Written also <i>philibeg</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*bus`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>flibuster</i>, <i>flibustero</i>, corrupted fr. E.
<i>freebooter</i>. See <u>Freebooter</u>.] <def>A lawless military
adventurer, especially one in quest of plunder; a freebooter; --
originally applied to buccaneers infesting the Spanish American
coasts, but introduced into common English to designate the followers
of Lopez in his expedition to Cuba in 1851, and those of Walker in
his expedition to Nicaragua, in 1855.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*bus*ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fillibustered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Filibustering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To act as
a filibuster, or military freebooter.</def>  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To delay legislation, by dilatory motions
or other artifices.</def> [political cant or slang, U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*bus`ter*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
characteristics or practices of a filibuster.</def>
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to the
<i>Filices</i>, r ferns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*lic"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>filix</i>,
<i>-icis</i>, a fern.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived
from, ferns; as, <i>filicic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>filius</i>
son, <i>filia</i> daughter + <i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>The act of
murdering a son or a daughter; also, parent who commits such a
murder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*lic"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>filix</i>,
<i>-icis</i>, fern + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>filiciforme</i>]
<def>Shaped like a fern or like the parts of a fern leaf.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>filix</i>,
<i>-icis</i>, fern + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>filicoi&iuml;de</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Fernlike, either in form or in the nature of the
method of reproduction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*coid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
fernlike plant.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi*li"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>filietas</i>.] <def>The relation of a son to a father; sonship; --
the correlative of <i>paternity</i>.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>filum</i>
a thread + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing threads.</def>
<i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>filum</i>
thread + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>filiforme</i>.] <def>Having the
shape of a thread or filament; as, the <i>filiform</i> papill&aelig;
of the tongue; a <i>filiform</i> style or peduncle.  See
<i>Illust</i>. of <u>Antenn&AElig;</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fil"i*grain</hw>, <hw>Fil"i*grane</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>filigrana</i> (cf. It. <i>filigrana</i>,
E. <i>filigrane</i>), fr. L. <i>filum</i>a thread + <i>granum</i>
grain. See <u>File</u> a row, and <u>Grain</u>, and cf.
<u>Filigree</u>.] <def>Filigree.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>With her head . . . touches the crown of
<i>filigrane</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*graned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Filigreed</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*gree</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>filigrane</i>.] <def>Ornamental work, formerly with grains or
breads, but now composed of fine wire and used chiefly in decorating
gold and silver to which the wire is soldered, being arranged in
designs frequently of a delicate and intricate arabesque
pattern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*gree</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to,
composed of, or resembling, work in filigree; as, a <i>filigree</i>
basket. Hence: Fanciful; unsubstantial; merely decorative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You ask for reality, not fiction and <i>filigree</i>
work.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"i*greed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adorned with
filigree.</def>  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fragment or
particle rubbed off by the act of filing; as, iron
<i>filings</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil`i*pen"du*lous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>filum</i> a thread + <i>pendulus</i> hanging, fr. <i>pend&?;re</i>
to hang.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Suspended by, or strung upon, a thread;
-- said of tuberous swellings in the middle or at the extremities of
slender, threadlike rootlets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Thill</u>.]
<def>One of the thills or shafts of a carriage.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fill horse</b></col>, <cd>a thill horse.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Filled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Filling</u>.] [OE. <i>fillen</i>, <i>fullen</i>, AS.
<i>fyllan</i>, fr. <i>full</i> full; akin to D. <i>vullen</i>, G.
<i>f&uuml;llen</i>, Icel. <i>fylla</i>, Sw. <i>fylla</i>, Dan.
<i>fylde</i>, Goth. <i>fulljan</i>. See <u>Full</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make full; to supply
with as much as can be held or contained; to put or pour into, till
no more can be received; to occupy the whole capacity of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rain also <i>filleth</i> the pools.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. lxxxiv. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jesus saith unto them, <i>Fill</i> the waterpots with
water. Anf they <i>filled</i> them up to the brim.</blockquote>
<i>John ii. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish an abudant supply to; to
furnish with as mush as is desired or desirable; to occupy the whole
of; to swarm in or overrun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And God blessed them, saying. Be fruitful, and
multiply, and <i>fill</i> the waters in the seas.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. i. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Syrians <i>filled</i> the country.</blockquote>
<i>1 Kings xx. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fill or supply fully with food; to
feed; to satisfy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whence should we have so much bread in the wilderness,
as to <i>fill</i>so great a multitude?</blockquote> <i>Matt. xv.
33.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Things that are sweet and fat are more
<i>filling</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To possess and perform the duties of; to
officiate in, as an incumbent; to occupy; to hold; as, a king
<i>fills</i> a throne; the president <i>fills</i> the office of chief
magistrate; the speaker of the House <i>fills</i> the
chair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To supply with an incumbent; as, to
<i>fill</i> an office or a vacancy.</def>  <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
press and dilate, as a sail; as, the wind <i>filled</i> the
sails.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To trim (a yard) so that the
wind shall blow on the after side of the sails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Engineering)</i> <def>To make an
embankment in, or raise the level of (a low place), with earth or
gravel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To fill in</b></col>, <cd>to insert; as, he <i>filled
in</i> the figures.</cd> -- <col><b>To fill out</b></col>, <cd>to
extend or enlarge to the desired limit; to make complete; as, to
<i>fill out</i> a bill.</cd> -- <col><b>To fill up</b></col>, <cd>to
make quite full; to fill to the brim or entirely; to occupy
completely; to complete.</cd> "The bliss that <i>fills up</i> all the
mind." <i>Pope.</i>  "And <i>fill up</i> that which is behind of the
afflictions of Christ."  <i>Col. i. 24.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become full; to have the whole capacity occupied; to have an
abundant supply; to be satiated; as, corn <i>fills</i> well in a warm
season; the sail <i>fills</i> with the wind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill a cup or glass for
drinking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me some wine; <i>fill</i> full.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To back and fill</b></col>. See under <u>Back</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> -- <col><b>To fill up</b></col>, <cd>to grow
or become quite full; as, the channel of the river <i>fills up</i>
with sand.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fyllo</i>. See
<u>Fill</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A full supply, as much as
supplies want; as much as gives complete satisfaction.</def> "Ye
shall eat your <i>fill</i>."  <i>Lev. xxv. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll bear thee hence, where I may weep my
<i>fill</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fill"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, fills; something used for filling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is mere <i>filler</i>, to stop a vacancy in the
hexameter.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They have six diggers to four <i>fillers</i>, so as to
keep the <i>fillers</i> always at work.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fill"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 1st <u>Fill</u>.]
<def>A thill horse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Fil"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>filet</i>,
<i>felet</i>, fr. OF. <i>filet</i> thread, fillet of meat, dim. of
<i>fil</i> a thread, fr. L. <i>filum</i>. See <u>Fille</u> a row.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little band, especially one intended to
encircle the hair of the head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A belt her waist, a <i>fillet</i> binds her
hair.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cooking)</i> <def>A piece of lean meat
without bone; sometimes, a long strip rolled together and
tied.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>fillet</i> of beef is the under side of the sirlom;
also called <i>tenderloin</i>. A <i>fillet</i> of veal or mutton is
the fleshy part of the thigh. A <i>fillet</i> of fish is a slice of
flat fish without bone. "<i>Fillet</i> of a fenny snake."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thin strip or ribbon; esp.:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A strip of metal from which coins are punched.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A strip of card clothing. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A
thin projecting band or strip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A concave filling in of a
re&euml;ntrant angle where two surfaces meet, forming a rounded
corner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A narrow flat member;
especially, a flat molding separating other moldings; a reglet; also,
the space between two flutings in a shaft. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Base</u>, and <u>Column</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>An ordinary equaling in
breadth one fourth of the chief, to the lowest portion of which it
corresponds in position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The thread of a
screw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A border of broad or narrow lines of color
or gilt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The raised molding about the muzzle of a
gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Any scantling smaller than a
batten.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A fascia; a band of
fibers; applied esp. to certain bands of white matter in the
brain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>The loins of a horse,
beginning at the place where the hinder part of the saddle
rests.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arris fillet</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Arris</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fil"let</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Filleted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Filleting</u>.] <def>To bind, furnish, or adorn with a
fillet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"let*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The protecting of a joint, as between roof and
parapet wall, with mortar, or cement, where <i>flashing</i> is
employed in better work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The material of which fillets are made;
also, fillets, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"li*beg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kilt. See
<u>Filibeg</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"li*bus`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Filibuster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fill"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is used to fill a cavity or any empty space, or to
supply a deficiency; as, <i>filling</i> for a cavity in a tooth, a
depression in a roadbed, the space between exterior and interior
walls of masonry, the pores of open-grained wood, the space between
the outer and inner planks of a vessel, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The woof in woven fabrics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Brewing)</i> <def>Prepared wort added to
ale to cleanse it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Back filling</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Back</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Fil"lip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Filliped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Filliping</u>.] [For <i>filp</i>, <i>flip</i>.  Cf.
<u>Flippant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with the nail of
the finger, first placed against the ball of the thumb, and forced
from that position with a sudden spring; to snap with the
finger.</def> "You <i>filip</i> me o' the head."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To snap; to project quickly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The use of the elastic switch to <i>fillip</i> small
missiles with.</blockquote> <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"lip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
jerk of the finger forced suddenly from the thumb; a smart
blow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something serving to rouse or
excite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I take a glass of grog for a
<i>filip</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"li*peen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Philopena</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"lis*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The rabbet on the outer edge of a sash bar to hold the glass and
the putty.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plane for making a rabbet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fillister screw had</b></col>, <cd>a short cylindrical
screw head, having a convex top.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fil"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fillies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. Icel. <i>fylia</i>, <i>fr</i>.
<i>foli</i> foal. See <u>Foal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A female foal or colt; a young mare.  Cf.
<u>Colt</u>, <u>Foal</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neighing in likeness of a <i>filly</i>
foal.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lively, spirited young girl.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Film</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>film</i> skin, fr.
<i>fell</i> skin; akin to <i>fylmen</i> membrane, OFries.
<i>filmene</i> skin. See <u>Fell</u> skin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thin skin; a pellicle; a membranous covering, causing opacity; hence,
any thin, slight covering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He from thick <i>films</i> shall purge the visual
ray.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slender thread, as that of a
cobweb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her whip of cricket's bone, the lash of
<i>film</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Film</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover with a thin
skin or pellicle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It will but skin and <i>film</i> the ulcerous
place.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Film"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
filmy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Film"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed of film or
films.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose <i>filmy</i> cord should bind the struggling
fly.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil`o*plu*ma"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the structure of a
filoplume.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"o*plume</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>filum</i> a
thread &?; <i>pluma</i> a soft feather.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
hairlike feather; a father with a slender scape and without a web in
most or all of its length.</def></p>

<p><! p. 560 !></p>

<p><hw>Fi"lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>filum</i> a
thread.] <def>Terminating in a threadlike process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>filtre</i>, the
same word as <i>feutre</i> felt, LL. <i>filtrum</i>, <i>feltrum</i>,
felt, fulled wool, this being used for straining liquors. See
<u>Feuter</u>.] <def>Any porous substance, as cloth, paper, sand, or
charcoal, through which water or other liquid may passed to cleanse
it from the solid or impure matter held in suspension; a chamber or
device containing such substance; a strainer; also, a similar device
for purifying air.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Filter bed</b></col>, <cd>a pond, the bottom of which is a
filter composed of sand gravel.</cd> -- <col><b>Filter
gallery</b></col>, <cd>an underground gallery or tunnel, alongside of
a stream, to collect the water that filters through the intervening
sand and gravel; -- called also <i>infiltration gallery</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fil"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Filtered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Filtering</u>] [Cf. F. <i>filter</i>. See <u>Filter</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Filtrate</u>.] <def>To purify or
defecate, as water or other liquid, by causing it to pass through a
filter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Filtering paper</b></col>, or <col><b>Filter
paper</b></col>, <cd>a porous unsized paper, for filtering.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fil"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass through a
filter; to percolate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Philter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Filth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>filthe</i>,
<i>ful&eth;e</i>, AS. <i>f&?;l&eth;</i>, fr. <i>f&umacr;l</i> foul;
akin to OHG. <i>f&umacr;lida</i>. See <u>Foul</u>, and cf.
<u>File</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foul matter; anything that
soils or defiles; dirt; nastiness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that sullies or defiles the moral
character; corruption; pollution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To purify the soul from the dross and <i>filth</i> of
sensual delights.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Filth disease</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a disease
supposed to be due to pollution of the soil or water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Filth"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a filthy
manner; foully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Filth"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being filthy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us cleanse ourselves from all <i>filthiness</i> of
the flesh and spirit.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. vii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is filthy, or makes filthy;
foulness; nastiness; corruption; pollution; impurity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Carry forth the <i>filthiness</i> out of the holy
place.</blockquote> <i>2 Chron. xxix. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Filth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Filthier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Filthiest</u>.] <def>Defiled with filth,
whether material or moral; nasty; dirty; polluted; foul; impure;
obscene.</def> "In the <i>filthy</i>-mantled pool."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He which is <i>filthy</i> let him be <i>filthy</i>
still.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xxii. 11.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Nasty; foul; dirty; squalid; unclean; sluttish;
gross; vulgar; licentious. See <u>Nasty</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fil"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Filtrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Filtrating</u>. (&?;)] [Cf. LL. <i>filtrare</i>. See
<u>Filter</u>.] <def>To filter; to defecate; as liquid, by straining
or percolation.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fil"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which has
been filtered; the liquid which has passed through the filter in the
process of filtration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>filtration</i>.] <def>The act or process of filtering; the
mechanical separation of a liquid from the undissolved particles
floating in it.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fim"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <hw>Fim"ble
hemp`</hw> (f&ibreve;m"b'l h&ebreve;mp`). }[Corrupted from <i>female
hemp</i>.] <def>Light summer hemp, that bears no seed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fim"bri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fimbri&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., fringe. See
<u>Fringle</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>A
fringe, or fringed border.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A band of
white matter bordering the hippocampus in the brain.</def> --
<wf>Fim"bri*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fim*bri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fimbriatus</i> fibrous, fringed, fr. <i>fimbria</i> fiber, fringe.
See <u>Fringe</u>.] <def>Having the edge or extremity bordered by
filiform processes thicker than hairs; fringed; as, the
<i>fimbriate</i> petals of the pink; the <i>fimbriate</i> end of the
Fallopian tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fim"bri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fimbriated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fimbriating</u>.] <def>To hem; to fringe.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fim"bri*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a fringed border; fimbriate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having a very narrow border
of another tincture; -- said esp. of an ordinary or
subordinary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fim"bri*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fringed; jagged; fimbriate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>fringed, on one side
only, by long, straight hairs, as the antenn&aelig; of certain
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Finned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Finning</u>.] [Cf. <u>Fin</u> of a fish.] <def>To carve or cut up,
as a chub.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fine</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>End; conclusion; object.</def> [Obs.] "She
knew eke the <i>fin</i> of his intent."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>finne</i>, <i>fin</i>,
AS. <i>finn</i>; akin to D. <i>vin</i>, G. &amp; Dan. <i>finne</i>, Sw.
<i>fena</i>, L. <i>pinna</i>, <i>penna</i>, a wing, feather.  Cf.
<u>pen</u> a feather.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
organ of a fish, consisting of a membrane supported by rays, or
little bony or cartilaginous ossicles, and serving to balance and
propel it in the water.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Fishes move through the water chiefly by means of the
caudal fin or tail, the principal office of the other fins being to
balance or direct the body, though they are also, to a certain
extent, employed in producing motion.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A membranous, finlike,
swimming organ, as in pteropod and heteropod mollusks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A finlike organ or attachment; a part of
an object or product which protrudes like a fin</def>, as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hand.</def> [Slang] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Com.)</i> <def>A blade of whalebone.</def> [Eng.]
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A mark or ridge left on a
casting at the junction of the parts of a mold.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The thin sheet of metal
squeezed out between the collars of the rolls in the process of
rolling.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A feather; a
spline.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A finlike appendage, as to submarine
boats.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Apidose fin</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Adipose</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Fin
ray</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the hornlike, cartilaginous,
or bony, dermal rods which form the skeleton of the fins of
fishes.</cd> -- <col><b>Fin whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a finback.</cd> -- <col><b>Paired fins</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the pectoral and ventral fins, corresponding
to the fore and hind legs of the higher animals.</cd> --
<col><b>Unpaired, or Median</b></col>, <col><b>fins</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the dorsal, caudal, and anal fins.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fin"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Fine</u>.]
<def>Liable or subject to a fine; as, a <i>finable</i> person or
offense.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi"nal</hw> (f&imacr;"n<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. L. <i>finalis</i>, fr. finis boundary, limit, end. See
<u>Finish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the end or
conclusion; last; terminating; ultimate; as, the <i>final</i> day of
a school term.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet despair not of his <i>final</i>
pardon.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conclusive; decisive; as, a <i>final</i>
judgment; the battle of Waterloo brought the contest to a
<i>final</i> issue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Respecting an end or object to be gained;
respecting the purpose or ultimate end in view.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Final cause</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cause</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Final</u>, <u>Conclusive</u>, <u>Ultimate</u>.
<i>Final</i> is now appropriated to that which brings with it an end;
as, a <i>final</i> adjustment; the <i>final</i> judgment, etc.
<i>Conclusive</i> implies the closing of all discussion, negotiation,
etc.; as, a <i>conclusive</i> argument or fact; a <i>conclusive</i>
arrangement. In using <i>ultimate</i>, we have always reference to
something earlier or proceeding; as when we say, a temporary reverse
may lead to an <i>ultimate</i> triumph. The statements which a man
<i>finally</i> makes at the close of a negotiation are usually
<i>conclusive</i> as to his <i>ultimate</i> intentions and
designs.</p>

<p><hw>||Fi*na"le</hw> (f&esl;*n&auml;"l&asl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[It. See <u>Final</u>.] <def>Close; termination</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The last movement of a
symphony, sonata, concerto, or any instrumental composition.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The last composition performed in any act of
an opera.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The closing part, piece, or
scene in any public performance or exhibition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Finalities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>finalitas</i> the being
last.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being final, finished, or
complete; a final or conclusive arrangement; a settlement.</def>
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The relation of end or purpose to its
means.</def>  <i>Janet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi"nal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>At the end or conclusion; ultimately; lastly; as, the contest
was long, but the Romans <i>finally</i> conquered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom patience <i>finally</i> must crown.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Completely; beyond recovery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not any house of noble English in Ireland was utterly
destroyed or <i>finally</i> rooted out.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi*nance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>financia</i> payment of money, money, fr. <i>finare</i> to pay a
fine or subsidy (cf. OF. <i>finer</i> to finish, pay), fr. L.
<i>finis</i> end. See <u>Fine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Finish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The income of a ruler or of a
state; revenue; public money; sometimes, the income of an individual;
often used in the plural for funds; available money;
resources.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>finances</i> or revenues of the imperial
crown.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The science of raising and expending the
public revenue.</def> "Versed in the details of <i>finance</i>."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi*nan"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
finance.</def> "Our <i>financial</i> and commercial system."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi*nan"cial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
financier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*nan"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
financial manner.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin`an*cier"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>financier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One charged with the
administration of finance; an officer who administers the public
revenue; a treasurer.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One skilled in financial operations; one
acquainted with money matters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin`an*cier"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Financiered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Financiering</u>.] <def>To conduct financial
operations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Iron Works)</i>
<def>See <u>Finery</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Conclusive;
decisive; definitive; final.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Greene (1593).</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any whale of the genera <i>Sibbaldius</i>,
<i>Bal&aelig;noptera</i>, and allied genera, of the family
<i>Bal&aelig;nopterid&aelig;</i>, characterized by a prominent fin on
the back. The common finbacks of the New England coast are
<i>Sibbaldius tectirostris</i> and <i>S. tuberosus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Finch</hw> (f&ibreve;nch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Finches</b></plw> (-&ebreve;z). [AS. <i>finc</i>; akin to D.
<i>vink</i>, OHG. <i>fincho</i>, G. <i>fink</i>; cf. W. <i>pinc</i> a
finch; also E. <i>spink</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
singing bird of many genera and species, belonging to the family
<i>Fringillid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word is often used in composition, as in
chaf<i>finch</i>, gold<i>finch</i>, grass<i>finch</i>,
pine<i>finch</i>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Bramble finch</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Brambling</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Canary finch</b></col>, <cd>the canary bird.</cd> --
<col><b>Copper finch</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Chaffinch</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Diamond finch</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Diamond</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Finch falcon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
several very small East Indian falcons of the genus
<i>Hierax</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To pull a finch</b></col>, <cd>to
swindle an ignorant or unsuspecting person.</cd> [Obs.] "Privily a
<i>finch</i> eke could he <i>pull</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Finch"backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Streaked or
spotted on the back; -- said of cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Finched</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Finchbacked</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Find</hw> (f&imacr;nd), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Found</u> (found); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Finding</u>.] [AS. <i>findan</i>; akin to D.
<i>vinden</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>findan</i>, G. <i>finden</i>, Dan.
<i>finde</i>, icel. &amp; Sw. <i>finna</i>, Goth. <i>fin&thorn;an</i>;
and perh. to L. <i>petere</i> to seek, Gr. <grk>pi`ptein</grk> to
fall, Skr. <i>pat</i> to fall, fly, E. <i>petition</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To meet with, or light upon, accidentally; to
gain the first sight or knowledge of, as of something new, or
unknown; hence, to fall in with, as a person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Searching the window for a flint, I <i>found</i><BR>
This paper, thus sealed up.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In woods and forests thou art
<i>found</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To learn by experience or trial; to
perceive; to experience; to discover by the intellect or the
feelings; to detect; to feel.</def> "I <i>find</i> you passing
gentle."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The torrid zone is now <i>found</i>
habitable.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come upon by seeking; as, to
<i>find</i> something lost.</def> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
discover by sounding; as, to <i>find</i> bottom.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To discover by study or experiment direct to
an object or end; as, water is <i>found</i> to be a compound
substance.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To gain, as the object of
desire or effort; as, to <i>find</i> leisure; to <i>find</i>
means.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To attain to; to arrive at; to
acquire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seek, and ye shall <i>find</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt.
vii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every mountain now hath <i>found</i> a
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To provide for; to supply; to furnish; as,
to <i>find</i> food for workemen; he <i>finds</i> his nephew in
money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wages &pound;14 and all <i>found</i>.</blockquote>
<i>London Times.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing a day and <i>find</i> yourself.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To arrive at, as a conclusion; to
determine as true; to establish; as, to <i>find</i> a verdict; to
<i>find</i> a true bill (of indictment) against an accused
person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>find</i> his title with some shows of
truth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To find out</b></col>, <cd>to detect (a thief); to
discover (a secret) -- to solve or unriddle (a parable or enigma); to
understand.</cd>  "Canst thou by searching <i>find out</i> God?"
<i>Job. xi. 7.</i>  "We do hope <i>to find out</i> all your tricks."
<i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>To find fault with</b></col>, <cd>to blame;
to censure.</cd> -- <col><b>To find one's self</b></col>, <cd>to be;
to fare; -- often used in speaking of health; as, how do you <i>find
yourself</i> this morning?</cd></p>

<p><hw>Find</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To
determine an issue of fact, and to declare such a determination to a
court; as, the jury <i>find</i> for the plaintiff.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Find</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything found; a
discovery of anything valuable; especially, a deposit, discovered by
arch&aelig;ologists, of objects of prehistoric or unknown
origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Find"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being found; discoverable.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Find"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, finds; specifically <i>(Astron.)</i>, a small telescope of low
power and large field of view, attached to a larger telescope, for
the purpose of finding an object more readily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Find"fault`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A censurer or
caviler.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Find"fault`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to censure
or cavil; faultfinding; captious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Find"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is found, come upon, or provided; esp. (<i>pl.</i>),
that which a journeyman artisan finds or provides for himself; as
tools, trimmings, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a man hath been laboring . . . in the deep mines
of knowledge, hath furnished out his <i>findings</i> in all their
equipage.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Support; maintenance; that which is
provided for one; expence; provision.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The result of a judicial
examination or inquiry, especially into some matter of fact; a
verdict; as, the <i>finding</i> of a jury.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After his friends <i>finding</i> and his
rent.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>finding</i>
heavy; cf. Dan. <i>fyndig</i> strong, energetical, <i>fynd</i>
strength, energy, emphasis.] <def>Full; heavy; firm; solid;
substantial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A cold May and a windy<BR>
Makes the barn fat amd <i>findy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Old
Proverb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fine</hw> (f&imacr;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Finer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Finest</u>.] [F. <i>fin</i>, LL.
<i>finus</i> fine, pure, fr. L. <i>finire</i> to finish; cf.
<i>finitus</i>, p. p., finished, completed (hence the sense
<i>accomplished</i>, <i>perfect</i>.) See <u>Finish</u>, and cf.
<u>Finite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Finished; brought to
perfection; refined; hence, free from impurity; excellent; superior;
elegant; worthy of admiration; accomplished; beautiful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gain thereof [is better] than <i>fine</i>
gold.</blockquote> <i>Prov. iii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A cup of wine that's brisk and
<i>fine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not only the <i>finest</i> gentleman of his time, but
one of the <i>finest</i> scholars.</blockquote> <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To soothe the sick bed of so <i>fine</i> a being
[Keats].</blockquote> <i>Leigh Hunt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Aiming at show or effect; loaded with
ornament; overdressed or overdecorated; showy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gratified them with occasional . . . <i>fine</i>
writing.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Nice; delicate; subtle; exquisite; artful;
skillful; dexterous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The spider's touch, how exquisitely
<i>fine</i>!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The nicest and most delicate touches of satire consist
in <i>fine</i> raillery.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He has as <i>fine</i> a hand at picking a pocket as a
woman.</blockquote> <i>T. Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not coarse, gross, or heavy</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not gross; subtile; thin; tenous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The eye standeth in the <i>finer</i> medium and the
object in the grosser.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not coarse; comminuted; in small
particles; as, <i>fine</i> sand or flour.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Not thick or heavy; slender; filmy; as, a <i>fine</i>
thread.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Thin; attenuate; keen; as, a
<i>fine</i> edge.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Made of fine
materials; light; delicate; as, <i>fine</i> linen or silk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having (such) a proportion of pure metal
in its composition; as, coins nine tenths <i>fine</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>(Used ironically.)</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye have made a <i>fine</i> hand, fellows.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Fine</i> is often compounded with participles and
adjectives, modifying them adverbially; a, <i>fine</i>-drawn,
<i>fine</i>-featured, <i>fine</i>-grained, <i>fine</i>-spoken,
<i>fine</i>-spun, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Fine arch</b></col> <i>(Glass Making)</i>, <cd>the smaller
fritting furnace of a glasshouse.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Fine
arts</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under <u>Art</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fine cut</b></col>, <cd>fine cut tobacco; a kind of chewing
tobacco cut up into shreds.</cd> -- <col><b>Fine goods</b></col>,
<cd>woven fabrics of fine texture and quality.</cd> <i>McElrath.</i>
-- <col><b>Fine stuff</b></col>, <cd>lime, or a mixture of lime,
plaster, etc., used as material for the finishing coat in
plastering.</cd> -- <col><b>To sail fine</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to sail as close to the wind as possible.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Fine</u>, <u>Beautiful</u>.  When used as a word
of praise, <i>fine</i> (being opposed to <i>coarse</i>) denotes no
"ordinary thing of its kind." It is not as strong as
<i>beautiful</i>, in reference to the single attribute implied in the
latter term; but when we speak of a <i>fine</i> woman, we include a
greater variety of particulars, viz., all the qualities which become
a woman, -- breeding, sentiment, tact, etc. The term is equally
comprehensive when we speak of a <i>fine</i> garden, landscape,
horse, poem, etc.; and, though applied to a great variety of objects,
the word has still a very definite sense, denoting a high degree of
characteristic excellence.</p>

<p><! p. 561 !></p>

<p><hw>Fine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fined</u> (f&imacr;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fining</u>.] [From <u>Fine</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make fine; to refine; to purify, to
clarify; as, to <i>fine</i> gold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It hath been <i>fined</i> and refined by . . . learned
men.</blockquote> <i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make finer, or less coarse, as in bulk,
texture, etc.; as. to <i>fine</i> the soil.</def>  <i>L. H.
Bailey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To change by fine gradations; as
<i>(Naut.)</i>, to <i>fine</i> down a ship's lines, to diminish her
lines gradually.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I often sate at home<BR>
On evenings, watching how they <i>fined</i> themselves<BR>
With gradual conscience to a perfect night.</blockquote>
<i>Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fin</i>, L.
<i>finis</i> end, also in LL., a <i>final</i> agreement or concord
between the lord and his vassal; a sum of money paid at the
<i>end</i>, so as to make an <i>end</i> of a transaction, suit, or
prosecution; mulct; penalty; cf. OF. <i>fin</i> end, settlement, F.
<i>fin</i> end. See <u>Finish</u>, and cf. <u>Finance</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>End; conclusion; termination;
extinction.</def> [Obs.] "To see their fatal <i>fine</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is this the <i>fine</i> of his fines?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sum of money paid as the settlement of a
claim, or by way of terminating a matter in dispute; especially, a
payment of money imposed upon a party as a punishment for an offense;
a mulct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Feudal
Law)</i> <def>A final agreement concerning lands or rents between
persons, as the lord and his vassal.</def>  <i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A sum of money or price
paid for obtaining a benefit, favor, or privilege, as for admission
to a copyhold, or for obtaining or renewing a lease.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fine for alienation</b></col> <i>(Feudal Law)</i>, <cd>a
sum of money paid to the lord by a tenant whenever he had occasion to
make over his land to another.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Fine
of lands</b></col>, <cd>a species of conveyance in the form of a
fictitious suit compromised or terminated by the acknowledgment of
the previous owner that such land was the right of the other
party.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> See <u>Concord</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
4. -- <col><b>In fine</b></col>, <cd>in conclusion; by way of
termination or summing up.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Fine</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To impose a pecuniary penalty upon for an
offense or breach of law; to set a fine on by judgment of a court; to
punish by fine; to mulct; as, the trespassers were <i>fined</i> ten
dollars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fine</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pay a fine. See
<u>Fine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Men <i>fined</i> for the king's good will; or that he
would remit his anger; women <i>fined</i> for leave to
marry.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OF. <i>finer</i>, F.
<i>finir</i>. See <u>Finish</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
finish; to cease; or to cause to cease.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fine"draw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Finedrawn</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Finedrawing</u>.] <def>To sew up, so nicely that the
seam is not perceived; to renter.</def>  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fine"draw`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
finedraws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fine"drawn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drawn out with
too much subtilty; overnice; as, <i>finedrawn</i>
speculations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*neer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To run in debt
by getting goods made up in a way unsuitable for the use of others,
and then threatening not to take them except on credit.</def> [R.]
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi*neer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
veneer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fine"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Fine</i> end +
<i>-less</i>.] <def>Endless; boundless.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fine"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fine or
finished manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fine"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Fine</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
condition of being fine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from foreign matter or alloy;
clearness; purity; as, the <i>fineness</i> of liquor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fineness</i> of the gold, and chargeful
fashion.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The proportion of pure silver or gold in
jewelry, bullion, or coins.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The fineness of United States coin is nine tenths, that of
English gold coin is eleven twelfths, and that of English silver coin
is &frac925x1000;.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Keenness or sharpness; as, the
<i>fineness</i> of a needle's point, or of the edge of a
blade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fines or
purifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fineness; beauty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Don't choose your place of study by the <i>finery</i>
of the prospects.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ornament; decoration; especially,
excecially decoration; showy clothes; jewels.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her mistress' cast-off <i>finery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Refinery</u>.] <i>(Iron Works)</i>
<def>A charcoal hearth or furnace for the conversion of cast iron
into wrought iron, or into iron suitable for puddling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fine"spun`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spun so as to
be fine; drawn to a fine thread; attenuated; hence, unsubstantial;
visionary; as, <i>finespun</i> theories.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi`nesse"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>fin</i> fine. See <u>Fine</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Subtilty of contrivance to gain a point;
artifice; stratagem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the artificialest piece of <i>finesse</i> to
persuade men into slavery.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Whist Playing)</i> <def>The act of
finessing. See <u>Finesse</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*nesse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Finessed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Finessing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To use artifice or
stratagem.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Whist Playing)</i> <def>To attempt, when
second or third player, to make a lower card answer the purpose of a
higher, when an intermediate card is out, risking the chance of its
being held by the opponent yet to play.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fine"still`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To distill,
as spirit from molasses or some saccharine preparation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fine"still`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
finestills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fenowed</u>.]
<def>Moldiness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fin"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A finback whale.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
(<i>pl.</i>) <def>True fish, as distinguished from
shellfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South American bird (<i>Heliornis fulica</i>) allied to the
grebes. The name is also applied to several related species of the
genus <i>Podica</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"-foot`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having palmate feet.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having lobate toes, as the coot and
grebe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ger</hw> (f&ibreve;&nsm;"g&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>finger</i>; akin to D. <i>vinger</i>, OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>fingar</i>, G. <i>finger</i>, Icel. <i>fingr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>finger</i>, Goth. <i>figgrs</i>; of unknown origin; perh. akin to
E. <i>fang</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the five terminating
members of the hand; a digit; esp., one of the four extremities of
the hand, other than the thumb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that does the work of a finger;
as, the pointer of a clock, watch, or other registering machine;
especially <i>(Mech.)</i> a small projecting rod, wire, or piece,
which is brought into contact with an object to effect, direct, or
restrain a motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The breadth of a finger, or the fourth
part of the hand; a measure of nearly an inch; also, the length of
finger, a measure in domestic use in the United States, of about four
and a half inches or one eighth of a yard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A piece of steel three <i>fingers</i>
thick.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Skill in the use of the fingers, as in
playing upon a musical instrument.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She has a good <i>finger</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ear finger</b></col>, <cd>the little finger.</cd> --
<col><b>Finger alphabet</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Dactylology</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Finger bar</b></col>, <cd>the horizontal bar, carrying
slotted spikes, or fingers, through which the vibratory knives of
mowing and reaping machines play.</cd> -- <col><b>Finger
board</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the part of a stringed instrument
against which the fingers press the strings to vary the tone; the
keyboard of a piano, organ, etc.; manual.</cd> --
<col><b>Finger</b></col> <col><b>bowl or glass</b></col>, <cd>a bowl
or glass to hold water for rinsing the fingers at table.</cd> --
<col><b>Finger flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the foxglove.</cd>
-- <col><b>Finger grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of grass
(<i>Panicum sanguinale</i>) with slender radiating spikes; common
crab grass. See <i>Crab grass</i>, under <u>Crab</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Finger nut</b></col>, <cd>a fly nut or thumb nut.</cd> --
<col><b>Finger plate</b></col>, <cd>a strip of metal, glass, etc., to
protect a painted or polished door from finger marks.</cd> --
<col><b>Finger post</b></col>, <cd>a guide post bearing an index
finger.</cd> -- <col><b>Finger reading</b></col>, <cd>reading printed
in relief so as to be sensible to the touch; -- so made for the
blind.</cd> -- <col><b>Finger shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a marine shell (<i>Pholas dactylus</i>) resembling a finger in
form.</cd> -- <col><b>Finger sponge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a sponge having finger-shaped lobes, or branches.</cd> --
<col><b>Finger stall</b></col>, <cd>a cover or shield for a
finger.</cd> -- <col><b>Finger steel</b></col>, <cd>a steel
instrument for whetting a currier's knife.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>To burn one's fingers</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Burn</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To have a finger in</b></col>, <cd>to be
concerned in.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To have at one's fingers'
ends</b></col>, <cd>to be thoroughly familiar with.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fin"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fingered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fingering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To touch with the fingers;
to handle; to meddle with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the papers lie;<BR>
You would be <i>fingering</i> them to anger me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To touch lightly; to toy with.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
perform on an instrument of music.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To
mark the notes of (a piece of music) so as to guide the fingers in
playing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take thievishly; to pilfer; to
purloin.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To execute, as any delicate
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To
use the fingers in playing on an instrument.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin"gered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having fingers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having leaflets like
fingers; digitate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Marked with figures
designating which finger should be used for each note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ger*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
fingers; a pilferer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ger*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of handling or touching with the
fingers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mere sight and <i>fingering</i> of
money.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The manner of using the fingers in playing
or striking the keys of an instrument of music; movement or
management of the fingers in playing on a musical instrument, in
typewriting, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The marking of the notes of a piece of
music to guide or regulate the action or use of the
fingers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Delicate work made with the fingers.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ger*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Finger</i> +
<i>-ling</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young salmon. See
<u>Parr</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"gle-fan`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>fangle</i>.] <def>A trifle.</def> [Low]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fin"gri*go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fingrigos</b></plw> (#). [So called in Jamaica.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A prickly, climbing shrub of the genus
<i>Pisonia</i>. The fruit is a kind of berry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>finire</i> to
finish, end. See <u>Finish</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The knot or
bunch of foliage, or foliated ornament, that forms the upper
extremity of a pinnacle in Gothic architecture; sometimes, the
pinnacle itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Fine</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Affectedly fine; overnice; unduly
particular; fastidious.</def> "<i>Finical</i> taste."
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gross style consists in giving no detail, the
<i>finical</i> in giving nothing else.</blockquote>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Finical</u>, <u>Spruce</u>, <u>Foppish</u>.
These words are applied to persons who are studiously desirous to
cultivate finery of appearance. One who is <i>spruce</i> is
elaborately nice in dress; one who is <i>finical</i> shows his
affectation in language and manner as well as in dress; one who is
<i>foppish</i> distinguishes himself by going to the extreme of the
fashion in the cut of his clothes, by the tawdriness of his
ornaments, and by the ostentation of his manner. "A <i>finical</i>
gentleman clips his words and screws his body into as small a compass
as possible, to give himself the air of a delicate person; a
<i>spruce</i> gentleman strives not to have a fold wrong in his frill
or cravat, nor a hair of his head to lie amiss; a <i>foppish</i>
gentleman seeks . . . to render himself distinguished for finery."
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fin"i*cal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fin"i*cal*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fin`i*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being finical; finicalness.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fin"ick*ing</hw> (?), <hw>Fin"ick*y</hw>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> } <def>Finical; unduly particular.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fi*nif"ic</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>finis</i>
end + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>A limiting element or
quality.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The essential <i>finific</i> in the form of the
finite.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin"i*fy</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Fine</i>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To make fine; to dress
finically.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hath so pared and <i>finified</i> them [his
feet.]</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin"i*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Fine</i>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> + <i>-kin</i>.] <def>Precise in trifles; idly
busy.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of imposing a fin&?;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The process of fining or refining;
clarification; also <i>(Metal.)</i>, the conversion of cast iron into
suitable for puddling, in a hearth or charcoal fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is used to refine; especially,
a preparation of isinglass, gelatin, etc., for clarifying
beer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fining pot</b></col>, <cd>a vessel in which metals are
refined.</cd> <i>Prov. xvii. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fi"nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>An end;
conclusion. It is often placed at the end of a book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Finished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Finishing</u>.] [F. <i>finir</i> (with a stem <i>finiss-</i> in
several forms, whence E. <i>-ish</i>: see <i>-ish</i>.),fr. L.
<i>finire</i> to limit, finish, end, fr. <i>finis</i> boundary,
limit, end; perh. for <i>fidnis</i>, and akin <i>findere</i> to
cleave, E. <i>fissure</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To arrive at the
end of; to bring to an end; to put an end to; to make an end of; to
terminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And heroically hath <i>finished</i><BR>
A life heroic.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bestow the last required labor upon; to
complete; to bestow the utmost possible labor upon; to perfect; to
accomplish; to polish.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To end; terminate; close; conclude; complete;
accomplish; perfect.</p>

<p><hw>Fin"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To come to an end; to terminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His days may <i>finish</i> ere that hapless
time.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To end; to die.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which finishes, puts an end to&?; or perfects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The joiner work and other
finer work required for the completion of a building, especially of
the interior. See <i>Inside finish</i>, and <i>Outside
finish</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
labor required to give final completion to any work; hence, minute
detail, careful elaboration, or the like.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>See <i>Finishing coat</i>, under <u>Finishing</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The result of completed labor, as on the
surface of an object; manner or style of finishing; as, a rough,
dead, or glossy <i>finish</i> given to cloth, stone, metal,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Completion; -- opposed to <i>start</i>, or
<i>beginning</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ished</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Polished to the
highest degree of excellence; complete; perfect; as, a
<i>finished</i> poem; a <i>finished</i> education.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Finished work</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>work that is
made smooth or polished, though not necessarily completed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who finishes, puts an end to, completes, or perfects; esp.
used in the trades, as in hatting, weaving, etc., for the workman who
gives a finishing touch to the work, or any part of it, and brings it
to perfection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O prophet of glad tidings, <i>finisher</i><BR>
Of utmost hope!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something that gives the finishing touch
to, or settles, anything.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fin"ish*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process
of completing or perfecting; the final work upon or ornamentation of
a thing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ish*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
complete or to render fit for the market or for use.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Finishing coat</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Plastering)</i> <cd>the final coat of plastering applied to walls
and ceilings, usually white and rubbed smooth.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Painting)</i> <cd>The final coat of paint,
usually differently mixed applied from the others.</cd> --
<col><b>Finishing press</b></col>, <cd>a machine for pressing
fabrics.</cd> -- <col><b>Finishing rolls</b></col> <i>(Iron
Working)</i>, <cd>the rolls of a train which receive the bar from
roughing rolls, and reduce it to its finished shape.</cd>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>finitus</i>, p.
p. of <i>finire</i>. See <u>Finish</u>, and cf. <u>Fine</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Having a limit; limited in quantity,
degree, or capacity; bounded; -- opposed to <i>infinite</i>; as,
<i>finite</i> number; <i>finite</i> existence; a <i>finite</i> being;
a <i>finite</i> mind; <i>finite</i> duration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"nite*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infinite.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fi"nite*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a finite
manner or degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"nite*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being finite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>finire</i>.
See <u>Finish</u>.] <def>Limitation.</def>  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Finland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>destitute of fins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fin</i> + <i>-
let</i>.] <def>A little fin; one of the parts of a divided
fin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
fin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Finn</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A native of Finland;
one of the Finn&?; in the ethnological sense. See
<u>Finns</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"nan had"die</hw> (?). [See <u>Haddock</u>.] <def>Haddock
cured in peat smoke, originally at Findon (pron.
f&ibreve;n"<i>a</i>n), Scotland. the name is also applied to other
kinds of smoked haddock.</def> [Written also <i>finnan
haddock</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Finned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a fin, or
fins, or anything resembling a fin.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A finback whale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Finn"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Finns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"ni*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A variety of pigeon, with a crest somewhat resembling the mane
of a horse.</def> [Written also <i>finikin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Finn"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Finland, to the Finns, or to their language.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Northern Turanian group of languages; the
language of the Finns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Finns</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Finn</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Natives of Finland; Finlanders.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
branch of the Mongolian race, inhabiting Northern and Eastern Europe,
including the Magyars, Bulgarians, Permians, Lapps, and
Finlanders.</def> [Written also <i>Fins</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Fin"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having, or abounding in, fins, as fishes;
pertaining to fishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in fishes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With patient angle trolls the <i>finny</i>
deep.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmoth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fi*no"chi*o</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>finocchio</i> fennel, LL. <i>fenuclum</i>. See <u>Fennel</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An umbelliferous plant (<i>F&oelig;niculum
dulce</i>) having a somewhat tuberous stem; sweet fennel. The
blanched stems are used in France and Italy as a culinary
vegetable.</def></p>

<p><! p. 562 !></p>

<p><hw>||Fi"nos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Sp., pl., fr.
<i>fino</i> fine.] <def>Second best wool from Merino sheep.</def>
<i>Gardner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin"pike`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The bichir. See <u>Crossopterygii</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fint</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing. pr.</i></pos> of
<u>Find</u>, for <i>findeth</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin"-toed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having toes connected by a membrane; palmiped; palmated; also,
lobate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fiord</hw> (fy&?;rd; <i>i</i> or <i>y</i> consonant, &sect;
272), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. &amp; Norw. <i>fiord</i>. See
<u>Frith</u>.] <def>A narrow inlet of the sea, penetrating between
high banks or rocks, as on the coasts of Norway and Alaska.</def>
[Written also <i>fjord</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Fi"o*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir.
<i>fiothran</i> a sort of grass.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of
creeping bent grass (<i>Agrostis alba</i>); -- called also <i>fiorin
grass</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"o*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
variety of opal occuring in the cavities of volcanic tufa, in smooth
and shining globular and botryoidal masses, having a pearly luster; -
- so called from <i>Fiora</i>, in Ischia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fio`ri*tu"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [It., pl. of
<i>fioritura</i> a flowering.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Little flowers of
ornament introduced into a melody by a singer or player.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Fip"pen*ny bit`</hw> (? or ?). [Corruption of <i>five penny
bit</i>.] <def>The Spanish half real, or one sixteenth of a dollar, -
- so called in Pennsylvania and the adjacent States.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; Before the act of Congress, Feb. 21, 1857, caused the
adoption of decimal coins and the withdrawal of foreign coinage from
circulation, this coin passed currently for 6&frac14; cents, and was
called in New England a <i>fourpence ha'penny</i> or
<i>fourpence</i>; in New York a <i>sixpence</i>; in Pennsylvania,
Virginia, etc., a <i>fip</i>; and in Louisiana, a
<i>picayune</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Fip"ple</hw> (f&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [perh. fr. L.
<i>fibula</i> a clasp, a pin; cf. Prov. E. <i>fible</i> a stick used
to stir pottage.] <def>A stopper, as in a wind instrument of
music.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fir</hw> (f&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. <i>fyr</i>,
<i>fyrr</i>; akin to Sw. <i>furu</i>, Icel. <i>fura</i>, AS.
<i>furh</i> in <i>furh</i>wudu fir wood, G. <i>f&ouml;hre</i>, OHG.
<i>forha</i> pine, <i>vereh</i>eih a sort of oak, L. <i>quercus</i>
oak.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus (<i>Abies</i>) of coniferous trees,
often of large size and elegant shape, some of them valued for their
timber and others for their resin. The species are distinguished as
the <i>balsam fir</i>, the <i>silver fir</i>, the <i>red fir</i>,
etc.  The <i>Scotch fir</i> is a <i>Pinus</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Fir</i> in the Bible means any one of several coniferous
trees, including, cedar, cypress, and probably three species of pine.
<i>J. D. Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fire</hw> (f&imacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fir</i>,
<i>fyr</i>, <i>fur</i> AS. <i>f&ymacr;r</i>; akin to D. <i>vuur</i>,
OS. &amp; OHG. <i>fiur</i>, G. <i>feuer</i>, Icel. <i>f&ymacr;ri</i>,
<i>f&umacr;rr</i>, Gr. <grk>py^r</grk>, and perh. to L. <i>purus</i>
pure, E. <i>pure</i> Cf. <u>Empyrean</u>, <u>Pyre</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The evolution of light and heat in the
combustion of bodies; combustion; state of ignition.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The form of <i>fire</i> exhibited in the combustion of
gases in an ascending stream or current is called <i>flame</i>.
Anciently, <i>fire</i>, air, earth, and water were regarded as the
four elements of which all things are composed.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fuel in a state of combustion, as on a
hearth, or in a stove or a furnace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The burning of a house or town; a
conflagration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything which destroys or affects like
fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Ardor of passion, whether love or hate;
excessive warmth; consuming violence of temper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>he had <i>fire</i> in his temper.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Liveliness of imagination or fancy;
intellectual and moral enthusiasm; capacity for ardor and
zeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And bless their critic with a poet's
<i>fire</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Splendor; brilliancy; luster; hence, a
star.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stars, hide your <i>fires</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As in a zodiac<BR>
representing the heavenly <i>fires</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Torture by burning; severe trial or
affliction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The discharge of firearms; firing; as, the
troops were exposed to a heavy <i>fire</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blue fire</b></col>, <col><b>Red fire</b></col>,
<col><b>Green fire</b></col> <i>(Pyrotech.)</i>, <cd>compositions of
various combustible substances, as sulphur, niter, lampblack, etc.,
the flames of which are colored by various metallic salts, as those
of antimony, strontium, barium, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire
alarm</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A signal given on the
breaking out of a fire.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An apparatus for
giving such an alarm.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire annihilator</b></col>,
<cd>a machine, device, or preparation to be kept at hand for
extinguishing fire by smothering it with some incombustible vapor or
gas, as carbonic acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire balloon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A balloon raised in the air by the buoyancy
of air heated by a fire placed in the lower part</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A balloon sent up at night with fireworks
which ignite at a regulated height.</cd> <i>Simmonds.</i> --
<col><b>Fire bar</b></col>, <cd>a grate bar.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire
basket</b></col>, <cd>a portable grate; a cresset.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Fire beetle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire blast</b></col>,
<cd>a disease of plants which causes them to appear as if burnt by
fire.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire box</b></col>, <cd>the chamber of a
furnace, steam boiler, etc., for the fire.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire
brick</b></col>, <cd>a refractory brick, capable of sustaining
intense heat without fusion, usually made of fire clay or of
siliceous material, with some cementing substance, and used for
lining fire boxes, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire brigade</b></col>,
<cd>an organized body of men for extinguished fires.</cd> --
<col><b>Fire bucket</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bucket</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fire bug</b></col>, <cd>an incendiary; one who, from malice
or through mania, persistently sets fire to property; a
pyromaniac.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Fire clay</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Clay</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire company</b></col>, <cd>a company of
men managing an engine in extinguishing fires.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire
cross</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Fiery cross</u>.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>Fire damp</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Damp</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire dog</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Firedog</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire
drill</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A series of evolutions
performed by fireman for practice</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An
apparatus for producing fire by friction, by rapidly twirling a
wooden pin in a wooden socket; -- used by the Hindoos during all
historic time, and by many savage peoples.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire
eater</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A juggler who pretends to
eat fire.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A quarrelsome person who seeks
affrays; a hotspur.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Fire engine</b></col>,
<cd>a portable forcing pump, usually on wheels, for throwing water to
extinguish fire.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire escape</b></col>, <cd>a
contrivance for facilitating escape from burning buildings.</cd> --
<col><b>Fire gilding</b></col> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>, <cd>a mode of
gilding with an amalgam of gold and quicksilver, the latter metal
being driven off afterward by heat.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire
gilt</b></col> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>, <cd>gold laid on by the process of
fire gilding.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire insurance</b></col>, <cd>the act
or system of insuring against fire; also, a contract by which an
insurance company undertakes, in consideration of the payment of a
premium or small percentage -- usually made periodically -- to
indemnify an owner of property from loss by fire during a specified
period.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire irons</b></col>, <cd>utensils for a
fireplace or grate, as tongs, poker, and shovel.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire
main</b></col>, <cd>a pipe for water, to be used in putting out
fire.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire master</b></col> <sd><i>(Mil)</i></sd>,
<cd>an artillery officer who formerly supervised the composition of
fireworks.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire office</b></col>, <cd>an office at
which to effect insurance against fire.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire
opal</b></col>, <cd>a variety of opal giving firelike
reflections.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire ordeal</b></col>, <cd>an ancient
mode of trial, in which the test was the ability of the accused to
handle or tread upon red-hot irons.</cd> <i>Abbot.</i> --
<col><b>Fire pan</b></col>, <cd>a pan for holding or conveying fire,
especially the receptacle for the priming of a gun.</cd> --
<col><b>Fire plug</b></col>, <cd>a plug or hydrant for drawing water
from the main pipes in a street, building, etc., for extinguishing
fires.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire policy</b></col>, <cd>the writing or
instrument expressing the contract of insurance against loss by
fire.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire pot</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>A small earthen pot filled with combustibles,
formerly used as a missile in war.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
cast iron vessel which holds the fuel or fire in a furnace.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A crucible.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>A
solderer's furnace.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire raft</b></col>, <cd>a raft
laden with combustibles, used for setting fire to an enemy's
ships.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire roll</b></col>, <cd>a peculiar beat of
the drum to summon men to their quarters in case of fire.</cd> --
<col><b>Fire setting</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>the process of
softening or cracking the working face of a lode, to facilitate
excavation, by exposing it to the action of fire; -- now generally
superseded by the use of explosives.</cd> <i>Raymond.</i> --
<col><b>Fire ship</b></col>, <cd>a vessel filled with combustibles,
for setting fire to an enemy's ships.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire
shovel</b></col>, <cd>a shovel for taking up coals of fire.</cd> --
<col><b>Fire stink</b></col>, <cd>the stench from decomposing iron
pyrites, caused by the formation of sulphureted hydrogen.</cd>
<i>Raymond.</i> -- <col><b>Fire surface</b></col>, <cd>the surfaces
of a steam boiler which are exposed to the direct heat of the fuel
and the products of combustion; heating surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire
swab</b></col>, <cd>a swab saturated with water, for cooling a gun in
action and clearing away particles of powder, etc.</cd>
<i>Farrow.</i> -- <col><b>Fire teaser</b></col>, <cd>in England, the
fireman of a steam emgine.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire water</b></col>,
<cd>ardent spirits; -- so called by the American Indians.</cd> --
<col><b>Fire worship</b></col>, <cd>the worship of fire, which
prevails chiefly in Persia, among the followers of Zoroaster, called
<i>Chebers</i>, or <i>Guebers</i>, and among the Parsees of
India.</cd> -- <col><b>Greek fire</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Greek</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>On fire</b></col>, <cd>burning; hence,
ardent; passionate; eager; zealous.</cd> -- <col><b>Running
fire</b></col>, <cd>the rapid discharge of firearms in succession by
a line of troops.</cd> -- <col><b>St. Anthony's fire</b></col>,
<cd>erysipelas; -- an eruptive fever which St. Anthony was supposed
to cure miraculously.</cd> <i>Hoblyn.</i>  -- <col><b>St. Elmo's
fire</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Saint Elmo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To
set on fire</b></col>, <cd>to inflame; to kindle.</cd> -- <col><b>To
take fire</b></col>, <cd>to begin to burn; to fly into a
passion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fire</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set on fire; to kindle; as,
to <i>fire</i> a house or chimney; to <i>fire</i> a pile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subject to intense heat; to bake; to
burn in a kiln; as, to <i>fire</i> pottery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To inflame; to irritate, as the passions;
as, to <i>fire</i> the soul with anger, pride, or revenge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love had <i>fired</i> my mind.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To animate; to give life or spirit to; as,
to <i>fire</i> the genius of a young man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To feed or serve the fire of; as, to
<i>fire</i> a boiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To light up as if by fire; to
illuminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The sun] <i>fires</i> the proud tops of the eastern
pines.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To cause to explode; as, to <i>fire</i> a
torpedo; to disharge; as, to <i>fire</i> a musket or cannon; to
<i>fire</i> cannon balls, rockets, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To drive by fire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Till my bad angel <i>fire</i> my good one
out.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>To cauterize.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To fire up</b></col>, <cd>to light up the fires of, as of
an engine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fire</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take fire; to be kindled; to kindle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be irritated or inflamed with
passion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To discharge artillery or firearms; as,
they <i>fired</i> on the town.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To fire up</b></col>, <cd>to grow irritated or angry.</cd>
"He . . . <i>fired up</i>, and stood vigorously on his defense."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fire"arm`</hw> (-&auml;rm`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gun,
pistol, or any weapon from which a shot is discharged by the force of
an explosive substance, as gunpowder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several species of pheasants of the genus
<i>Euplocamus</i>, having the lower back a bright, fiery red. They
inhabit Southern Asia and the East Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A ball filled with powder or other combustibles,
intended to be thrown among enemies, and to injure by explosion;
also, to set fire to their works and light them up, so that movements
may be seen.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A luminous meteor,
resembling a ball of fire passing rapidly through the air, and
sometimes exploding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"bare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A beacon.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fire" bee`tle</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very
brilliantly luminous beetle (<i>Pyrophorus noctilucus</i>), one of
the elaters, found in Central and South America; -- called also
<i>cucujo</i>.  The name is also applied to other species. See
<u>Firefly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Baltimore oriole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chimney
board or screen to close a fireplace when not in use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"bote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>An allowance of fuel. See <u>Bote</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"brand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A piece of burning wood.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who inflames factions, or causes
contention and mischief; an incendiary.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fire"crack`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cracker</u>., <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"crest`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small European kinglet (<i>Regulus ignicapillus</i>), having a
bright red crest; -- called also <i>fire-crested wren</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"dog`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A support for
wood in a fireplace; an andiron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"drake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>f&ymacr;rdraca</i>; <i>f&ymacr;r</i> fire + <i>draca</i> a dragon.
See <u>Fire</u>, and <u>Drake</u> a dragon.] [Obs.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fiery dragon.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fiery meteor; an ignis fatuus; a
rocket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A worker at a furnace or fire.</def>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fire"-fanged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Fire</i> +
<i>fanged</i> seized.] <def>Injured as by fire; burned; -- said of
manure which has lost its goodness and acquired an ashy hue in
consequence of heat generated by decomposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A singular marine fish of the genus <i>Pterois</i>, family
<i>Scorp&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>, of several species, inhabiting the
Indo-Pacific region. They are usually red, and have very large
spinose pectoral and dorsal fins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"flaire`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fire</i> +
Prov. E. <i>flaire</i> a ray.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European
sting ray of the genus <i>Trygon</i> (<i>T. pastinaca</i>); -- called
also <i>fireflare</i> and <i>fiery flaw</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"flame`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European band fish (<i>Cepola rubescens</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"fly`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fireflies</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
luminous winged insect, esp. luminous beetles of the family
<i>Lampyrid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common American species belong to the genera
<i>Photinus</i> and <i>Photuris</i>, in which both sexes are winged.
The name is also applied to luminous species of
<i>Elaterid&aelig;</i>. See <u>Fire beetle</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fire"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
fire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"lock`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old form of
gunlock, as the flintlock, which ignites the priming by a spark;
perhaps originally, a matchlock. Hence, a gun having such a
lock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Firemen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
man whose business is to extinguish fires in towns; a member of a
fire company.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man who tends the fires, as of a steam
engine; a stocker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"-new`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fresh from the
forge; bright; quite new; brand-new.</def>  <i>Charles reade.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>fire-new</i> stamp of honor is scarce
current.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fire"place`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part a
chimney appropriated to the fire; a hearth; -- usually an open recess
in a wall, in which a fire may be built.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Proof against
fire; incombustible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"proof`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of rendering anything incombustible; also, the materials used
in the process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fir"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fires or
sets fire to anything; an incendiary.</def> [R.]  <i>R.
Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fire"-set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A set of fire
irons, including, commonly, tongs, shovel, and poker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place near
the fire or hearth; home; domestic life or retirement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"stone`</hw> (?; 110), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>f&ymacr;rst&amacr;n</i> flint; <i>f&ymacr;r</i> fire +
<i>st&amacr;n</i> stone.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Iron pyrites,
formerly used for striking fire; also, a flint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stone which will bear the heat of a
furnace without injury; -- especially applied to the sandstone at the
top of the upper greensand in the south of England, used for lining
kilns and furnaces.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fire"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European redstart; -- called also <i>fireflirt</i>.</def>
[prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Fire"ward`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An officer
who has authority to direct in the extinguishing of fires, or to
order what precautions shall be taken against fires; -- called also
<i>fireward</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An American plant (<i>Erechthites
hiercifolia</i>), very troublesome in spots where brushwood has been
burned.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The great willow-herb
(<i>Epilobium spicatum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wood for
fuel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A device for producing a striking display of light, or a figure
or figures in plain or colored fire, by the combustion of materials
that burn in some peculiar manner, as gunpowder, sulphur, metallic
filings, and various salts. The most common feature of fireworks is a
paper or pasteboard tube filled with the combustible material. A
number of these tubes or cases are often combined so as to make, when
kindled, a great variety of figures in fire, often variously colored.
The skyrocket is a common form of <i>firework</i>. The name is also
given to various combustible preparations used in war.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A pyrotechnic exhibition.</def>
[Obs. in the sing.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Night before last, the Duke of Richmond gave a
<i>firework</i>.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fire"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The larva of a small tortricid moth which eats the leaves of the
cranberry, so that the vines look as if burned; -- called also
<i>cranberry worm</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fir"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of discharging firearms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mode of introducing fuel into the
furnace and working it.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The application of fire, or of a
cautery.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The process of partly vitrifying pottery
by exposing it to intense heat in a kiln.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fuel; firewood or coal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Firing iron</b></col>, <cd>an instrument used in
cauterizing.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 563 !></p>

<p><hw>Firk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>ferken</i>
to proceed, hasten, AS. <i>fercian</i> to bring, assist; perh. akin
to <i>faran</i> to go, E. <i>fare</i>.] <def>To beat; to strike; to
chastise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll fer him, and <i>firk</i> him, and ferret
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Firk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fly out; to turn
out; to go off.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A wench is a rare bait, with which a
man</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>No sooner's taken but he straight <i>firks</i>
mad.B.Jonson.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Firk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A freak; trick;
quirk.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fir"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From AS.
<i>fe&oacute;wer</i> four (or an allied word, perh. Dutch or Danish)
+ <i>-kin</i>. See <u>Four</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A varying
measure of capacity, usually being the fourth part of a barrel;
specifically, a measure equal to nine imperial gallons.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small wooden vessel or cask of
indeterminate size, -- used for butter, lard, etc.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Fir"lot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot., the fourth part
of a boll of grain, from a word equiv. to E. <i>four + lot</i> part,
portion. See <u>Firkin</u>.] <def>A dry measure formerly used in
Scotland; the fourth part of a boll of grain or meal. The Linlithgow
wheat firlot was to the imperial bushel as 998 to 1000; the barley
firlot as 1456 to 1000.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Firm</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Firmer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Firmest</u>.] [OE.
<i>ferme</i>, F. <i>ferme</i>, fr.L. <i>firmus</i>; cf. Skr.
<i>dharman</i> support, law, order, <i>dh&?;</i> to hold fast, carry.
Cf. <u>Farm</u>, <u>Throne</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fixed;
hence, closely compressed; compact; substantial; hard; solid; --
applied to the matter of bodies; as, <i>firm</i> flesh; <i>firm</i>
muscles, <i>firm</i> wood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not easily excited or disturbed;
unchanging in purpose; fixed; steady; constant; stable; unshaken; not
easily changed in feelings or will; strong; as, a <i>firm</i>
believer; a <i>firm</i> friend; a <i>firm</i> adherent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under spread ensigns, moving nigh, in slow<BR>
But <i>firm</i> battalion.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By one man's <i>firm</i> obediency fully
tried.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Solid; -- opposed to <i>fluid</i>; as,
<i>firm</i> land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Indicating firmness; as, a <i>firm</i>
tread; a <i>firm</i> countenance.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Compact; dense; hard; solid; stanch; robust;
strong; sturdly; fixed; steady; resolute; constant.</p>

<p><hw>Firm</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>firma</i> the (firm,
sure, or confirming) signature or subscription, or Pg. <i>firma</i>
signature, firm, cf. Sp. <i>firma</i> signature; all fr. L.
<i>firmus</i>, adj., firm. See <u>Firm</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>The name, title, or style, under which a company transacts
business; a partnership of two or more persons; a commercial house;
as, the <i>firm</i> of Hope &amp; Co.</def></p>

<p><hw>Firm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fermen</i> to make
firm, F. <i>fermer</i>, fr. L. <i>firmare</i> to make firm. See
<u>Firm</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fix; to
settle; to confirm; to establish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And Jove has <i>firmed</i> it with an awful
nod.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fix or direct with firmness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He on his card and compass <i>firms</i> his
eye.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fir"ma*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>firmamentum</i>, fr. <i>firmare</i> to make firm: cf. F.
<i>firmament</i>. See <u>Firm</u>, <pos><i>v. &amp; a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fixed foundation; established basis.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Custom is the . . . <i>firmament</i> of the
law.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The region of the air; the sky or
heavens.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And God said, Let there be a <i>firmament</i> in the
midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the
waters.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And God said, Let there be lights in the
<i>firmament</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 14.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In Scripture, the word denotes an expanse, a wide extent;
the great arch or expanse over out heads, in which are placed the
atmosphere and the clouds, and in which the stars <i>appear</i> to be
placed, and are <i>really</i> seen.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Old Astron.)</i> <def>The orb of the fixed
stars; the most rmote of the celestial spheres.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fir`ma*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to the firmament; celestial; being of the upper regions.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fir"man</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Firmans</b></plw> (#) <i>or</i> (#). [Pers.
<i>ferm&amacr;n</i>.] <def>In Turkey and some other Oriental
countries, a decree or mandate issued by the sovereign; a royal order
or grant; -- generally given for special objects, as to a traveler to
insure him protection and assistance.</def> [Written also
<i>firmaun</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Firm"er-chis"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chisel,
thin in proportion to its width. It has a tang to enter the handle
instead of a socket for receiving it.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Firm"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>firmitudo</i>. See <u>Firm</u>.] <def>Strength; stability.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Firm"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>firmitas</i>.]
<def>Strength; firmness; stability.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chillingworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Firm"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Detached from substance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Does passion still the <i>firmless</i> mind
control?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Infirm; unstable.</def> "<i>Firmless</i>
sands."  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Firm"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a firm
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Firm"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being firm.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Firmness</u>, <u>Constancy</u>.  <i>Firmness</i>
belongs to the will, and <i>constancy</i> to the affections and
principles; the former prevents us from yielding, and the latter from
fluctuating. Without <i>firmness</i> a man has no character; "without
<i>constancy</i>," says Addison, "there is neither love, friendship,
nor virtue in the world."</p>

<p><hw>Firms</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [From <u>Firm</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The principal rafters of a
roof, especially a pair of rafters taken together.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fir"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>See <u>Furring</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fir"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of fir;
abounding in firs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>firry</i> woodlands making moan.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>First</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>first</i>,
<i>furst</i>, AS. <i>fyrst</i>; akin to Icel. <i>fyrstr</i>, Sw. &
Dan. <i>f&ouml;rste</i>, OHG. <i>furist</i>, G. <i>f&uuml;rst</i>
prince; a superlatiye form of E. <i>for</i>, <i>fore</i>. See
<u>For</u>, <u>Fore</u>, and cf. <u>Formeer</u>, <u>Foremost</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Preceding all others of a series or kind; the
ordinal of one; earliest; as, the <i>first</i> day of a month; the
<i>first</i> year of a reign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Foremost; in front of, or in advance of,
all others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Most eminent or exalted; most excellent;
chief; highest; as, Demosthenes was the <i>first</i> orator of
Greece.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At first blush</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Blush</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>At first hand</b></col>, <cd>from the first or original
source; without the intervention of any agent.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the intention of the person to reveal it <i>at
first hand</i>, by way of mouth, to yourself.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>First coat</b></col> <i>(Plastering)</i>, <cd>the solid
foundation of coarse stuff, on which the rest is placed; it is thick,
and crossed with lines, so as to give a bond for the next coat.</cd>
-- <col><b>First day</b></col>, <cd>Sunday; -- so called by the
Friends.</cd> -- <col><b>First floor</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The ground floor.</cd> [U.S.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The floor
next above the ground floor.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>First</b></col>
<col><b>fruit or fruits</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The fruits
of the season earliest gathered.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Feudal
Law)</i> <cd>One year's profits of lands belonging to the king on the
death of a tenant who held directly from him.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Eng. Eccl. Law)</i> <cd>The first year's
whole profits of a benefice or spiritual living.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>The earliest effects or results.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>See, Father, what <i>first fruits</i> on earth are
sprung<BR>
From thy implanted grace in man!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>First mate</b></col>, <cd>an officer in a merchant
vessel next in rank to the captain.</cd> -- <col><b>First
name</b></col>, <cd>same as <i>Christian name</i>. See under
<u>Name</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>First
officer</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>in the merchant service, same
as <i>First mate</i> (above).</cd> -- <col><b>First
sergeant</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the ranking non-commissioned
officer in a company; the orderly sergeant.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> --
<col><b>First watch</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the watch from
eight to twelve at midnight; also, the men on duty during that
time.</cd> -- <col><b>First water</b></col>, <cd>the highest quality
or purest luster; -- said of gems, especially of diamond and
pearls.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Primary; primordial; primitive; primeval; pristine;
highest; chief; principal; foremost.</p>

<p><hw>First</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Before any other
person or thing in time, space, rank, etc.; -- much used in
composition with adjectives and participles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adam was <i>first</i> formed, then Eve.</blockquote>
<i>1 Tim. ii. 13.</i></p>

<p> <col><b>At first</b></col>, <col><b>At the first</b></col>,
<cd>at the beginning or origin.</cd> -- <col><b>First or
last</b></col>, <cd>at one time or another; at the beginning or
end.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And all are fools and lovers <i>first or
last</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>First</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The upper
part of a duet, trio, etc., either vocal or instrumental; -- so
called because it generally expresses the air, and has a
pre&euml;minence in the combined effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>First"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>First brought
forth; first in the order of nativity; eldest; hence, most excellent;
most distinguished or exalted.</def></p>

<p><hw>First"-class`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the best
class; of the highest rank; in the first division; of the best
quality; first-rate; as, a <i>first-class</i> telescope.</def></p>

<p><col><b>First-class car</b></col> or <col><b>First-class railway
carriage</b></col>, <cd>any passenger car of the highest regular
class, and intended for passengers who pay the highest regular rate;
-- distinguished from a <i>second-class car</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>First"-hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Obtained
directly from the first or original source; hence, without the
intervention of an agent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One sphere there is . . . where the apprehension of
him is <i>first-hand</i> and direct; and that is the sphere of our
own mind.</blockquote> <i>J. Martineau.</i></p>

<p><hw>First"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>First</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The first produce or offspring; --
said of animals, especially domestic animals; as, the
<i>firstlings</i> of his flock.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing first thought or done.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The very <i>firstlings</i> of my heart shall be<BR>
The <i>firstlings</i> of my hand.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>First"ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Firstborn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>firstling</i> males.</blockquote> <i>Deut.
xv. 19.</i></p>

<p><hw>First"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the first place;
before anything else; -- sometimes improperly used for
<i>first</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>First"-rate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
highest excellence; pre&euml;minent in quality, size, or
estimation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our only <i>first-rate</i> body of contemporary poetry
is the German.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hermocrates . . . a man of <i>first-rate</i>
ability.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd).</i></p>

<p><hw>First"-rate`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
war vessel of the highest grade or the most powerful class.</def></p>

<p><hw>Firth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. See <u>Frith</u>.]
<i>(geog.)</i> <def>An arm of the sea; a frith.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fir" tree`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Fir</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fisc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fisc</i>, fr. L.
<i>fiscus</i> basket, money basket, treasury; prob. akin to
<i>fascis</i> bundle. See <u>Fasces</u>.] <def>A public or state
treasury.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fis"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>fiscal</i>, L.
<i>fiscalis</i>, fr. <i>fiscus</i>. See <u>Fisc</u>.] <def>Pertaining
to the public treasury or revenue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fiscal</i> arreangements of
government.</blockquote> <i>A&gt;Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fis"cal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
income of a prince or a state; revenue; exhequer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treasurer.</def>  <i>H.
Swinburne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A public officer in Scotland who
prosecutes in petty criminal cases; -- called also <i>procurator
fiscal</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The solicitor in Spain and Portugal; the
attorney-general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*set"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to fustet or fisetin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis"e*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>fisett</i>holz
a species of fustic.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow crystalline
substance extracted from fustet, and regarded as its essential
coloring principle; -- called also <i>fisetic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fiche</i> peg,
mark, fr. <i>fisher</i> to fix.] <def>A counter, used in various
games.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fishes</b></plw> (#), <i>or collectively</i>,
<plw><b>Fish</b></plw>. [OE. <i>fisch</i>, <i>fisc</i>, <i>fis</i>,
AS. <i>fisc</i>; akin to D. <i>visch</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>fisk</i>, G.
<i>fisch</i>, Icel. <i>fiskr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>fisk</i>, Goth.
<i>fisks</i>, L. <i>piscis</i>, Ir. <i>iasg</i>.  Cf.
<u>Piscatorial</u>. In some cases, such as <i>fish</i> joint,
<i>fish</i> plate, this word has prob. been confused with
<i>fish</i>, fr. F. <i>fiche</i>a peg.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
name loosely applied in popular usage to many animals of diverse
characteristics, living in the water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An oviparous,
vertebrate animal usually having fins and a covering scales or
plates. It breathes by means of gills, and lives almost entirely in
the water. See <u>Pisces</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The true fishes include the Teleostei (bony fishes),
Ganoidei, Dipnoi, and Elasmobranchii or Selachians (sharks and
skates). Formerly the leptocardia and Marsipobranciata were also
included, but these are now generally regarded as two distinct
classes, below the fishes.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The twelfth sign of the zodiac;
Pisces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The flesh of fish, used as food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
purchase used to fish the anchor.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
piece of timber, somewhat in the form of a fish, used to strengthen a
mast or yard.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Fish</i> is used adjectively or as part of a compound
word; as, <i>fish</i> line, <i>fish</i> pole, <i>fish</i> spear,
<i>fish</i>-bellied.</p>

<p><col><b>Age of Fishes</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Age</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish ball</b></col>,
<cd>fish (usually salted codfish) shared fine, mixed with mashed
potato, and made into the form of a small, round cake.</cd> [U.S.] --
<col><b>Fish bar</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Fish plate</i>
(below).</cd> -- <col><b>Fish beam</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a
beam one of whose sides (commonly the under one) swells out like the
belly of a fish.</cd> <i>Francis.</i> -- <col><b>Fish crow</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species of crow (<i>Corvus
ossifragus</i>), found on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It
feeds largely on fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish culture</b></col>,
<cd>the artifical breeding and rearing of fish; pisciculture.</cd> --
<col><b>Fish davit</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Davit</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fish day</b></col>, <cd>a day on which fish is eaten; a fast
day.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
species of merganser.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish fall</b></col>, <cd>the
tackle depending from the fish davit, used in hauling up the anchor
to the gunwale of a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish garth</b></col>, <cd>a
dam or weir in a river for keeping fish or taking them easily.</cd> -
- <col><b>Fish glue</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Isinglass</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fish joint</b></col>, <cd>a joint formed by a plate or pair
of plates fastened upon two meeting beams, plates, etc., at their
junction; -- used largely in connecting the rails of railroads.</cd>
-- <col><b>Fish kettle</b></col>, <cd>a long kettle for boiling fish
whole.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish ladder</b></col>, <cd>a dam with a series
of steps which fish can leap in order to ascend falls in a
river.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish line</b></col>, or <col><b>Fishing
line</b></col>, <cd>a line made of twisted hair, silk, etc., used in
angling.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any crustacean parasitic on fishes, esp. the parasitic Copepoda,
belonging to <i>Caligus</i>, <i>Argulus</i>, and other related
genera. See <u>Branchiura</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish maw</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the stomach of a fish; also, the air
bladder, or sound.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish meal</b></col>, <cd>fish
desiccated and ground fine, for use in soups, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Fish oil</b></col>, <cd>oil obtained from the bodies of fish
and marine animals, as whales, seals, sharks, from cods' livers,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
fish-eating owl of the Old World genera <i>Scotopelia</i> and
<i>Ketupa</i>, esp. a large East Indian species (<i>K.
Ceylonensis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Fish plate</b></col>, <cd>one of
the plates of a fish joint.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish pot</b></col>, <cd>a
wicker basket, sunk, with a float attached, for catching crabs,
lobsters, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish pound</b></col>, <cd>a net
attached to stakes, for entrapping and catching fish; a weir.</cd>
[Local, U.S.] <i>Bartlett.</i> -- <col><b>Fish slice</b></col>, <cd>a
broad knife for dividing fish at table; a fish trowel.</cd> --
<col><b>Fish slide</b></col>, <cd>an inclined box set in a stream at
a small fall, or ripple, to catch fish descending the current.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Fish sound</b></col>, <cd>the air bladder
of certain fishes, esp. those that are dried and used as food, or in
the arts, as for the preparation of isinglass.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish
story</b></col>, <cd>a story which taxes credulity; an extravagant or
incredible narration.</cd> [Colloq. U.S.] <i>Bartlett.</i>  --
<col><b>Fish strainer</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A metal
colander, with handles, for taking fish from a boiler.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A perforated earthenware slab at the bottom
of a dish, to drain the water from a boiled fish.</cd> --
<col><b>Fish trowel</b></col>, <cd>a fish slice.</cd> --
<col><b>Fish</b></col> <col><b>weir or wear</b></col>, <cd>a weir set
in a stream, for catching fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Neither fish nor
flesh</b></col> (Fig.), <cd>neither one thing nor the other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fishing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To attempt to catch fish; to
be employed in taking fish, by any means, as by angling or drawing a
net.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seek to obtain by artifice, or
indirectly to seek to draw forth; as, to <i>fish</i> for
compliments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any other <i>fishing</i> question.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fish</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fischen</i>,
<i>fisken</i>, <i>fissen</i>, AS. <i>fiscian</i>; akin to G.
<i>fischen</i>, OHG. <i>fisc&?;n</i>, Goth. <i>fisk&?;n</i>. See
<u>Fish</u> the animal.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To catch; to draw
out or up; as, to <i>fish</i> up an anchor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To search by raking or sweeping.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To try with a fishing rod; to catch fish
in; as, to <i>fish</i> a stream.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To strengthen (a beam, mast, etc.), or
unite end to end (two timbers, railroad rails, etc.) by bolting a
plank, timber, or plate to the beam, mast, or timbers, lengthwise on
one or both sides. See <i>Fish joint</i>, under <u>Fish</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>To fish the anchor</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Anchor</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fish"-bel`lied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bellying or
swelling out on the under side; as, a <i>fish-bellied</i> rail.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fish"-block`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Fish-
tackle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fish"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fiscere</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who fishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A carnivorous animal
of the Weasel family (<i>Mustela Canadensis</i>); the pekan; the
"black cat."</def></p>

<p><hw>Fish"er*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fishermen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One whose
occupation is to catch fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A ship or vessel employed
in the business of taking fish, as in the cod fishery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fish"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fisheries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
business or practice of catching fish; fishing.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place for catching fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The right to take fish at a
certain place, or in particular waters.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fish"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
fish.</def> [R.] "My <i>fishful</i> pond."  <i>R. Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fish"gig`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spear with
barbed prongs used for harpooning fish.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fish"hawk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The osprey (<i>Pandion halia&euml;tus</i>), found both in Europe
and America; -- so called because it plunges into the water and
seizes fishes in its talons. Called also <i>fishing eagle</i>, and
<i>bald buzzard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fish"hook`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A hook for catching fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A hook with a pendant, to
the end of which the fish-tackle is hooked.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fish"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To change to
fish.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fish"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being fishy or fishlike.</def>  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fish"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act, practice, or art of one who fishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fishery.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fish"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Fishing</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Pertaining to fishing; used in fishery;
engaged in fishing; as, <i>fishing</i> boat; <i>fishing</i> tackle;
<i>fishing</i> village.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fishing fly</b></col>, <cd>an artificial fly for
fishing.</cd> -- <col><b>Fishing line</b></col>, <cd>a line used in
catching fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Fishing net</b></col>, <cd>a net of
various kinds for catching fish; including the bag net, casting net,
drag net, landing net, seine, shrimping net, trawl, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Fishing rod</b></col>, <cd>a long slender rod, to which is
attached the line for angling.</cd> -- <col><b>Fishing
smack</b></col>, <cd>a sloop or other small vessel used in sea
fishing.</cd> -- <col><b>Fishing tackle</b></col>, <cd>apparatus used
in fishing, as hook, line, rod, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fishing
tube</b></col> <i>(Micros.)</i>, <cd>a glass tube for selecting a
microscopic object in a fluid.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 564 !></p>

<p><hw>Fish"like</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like fish;
suggestive of fish; having some of the qualities of fish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A very ancient and <i>fishlike</i> smell.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fish"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dealer in
fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fish"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The skin of a fish (dog fish, shark, etc.)</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Ichthyosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fish"-tac`kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tackle or
purchase used to raise the flukes of the anchor up to the gunwale.
The block used is called the <i>fish-block</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fish"-tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like the of a
fish; acting, or producing something, like the tail of a
fish.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fish-tail burner</b></col>, <cd>a gas burner that gives a
spreading flame shaped somewhat like the tail of a fish.</cd> --
<col><b>Fish-tail propeller</b></col> <i>(Steamship)</i>, <cd>a
propeller with a single blade that oscillates like the tail of a fish
when swimming.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fish"wife`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
fishwoman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fish"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fishwomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman who retails
fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fish"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of fish; fishlike; having the qualities or taste of
fish; abounding in fish.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extravagant, like some stories about
catching fish; improbable; also, rank or foul.</def> [Colloq.]
</p>

<p><hw>Fisk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>fjeska</i>
to bustle about.] <def>To run about; to frisk; to whisk.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>fisks</i> abroad, and stirreth up erroneous
opinions.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fis`si*gem*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fissus</i> (p. p. of <i>findere</i> to split) + E.
<i>gemmation</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A process of reproduction
intermediate between fission and gemmation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fissilis</i>,
fr. <i>fissus</i>, p. p. of <i>findere</i> to split. See
<u>Fissure</u>.] <def>Capable of being split, cleft, or divided in
the direction of the grain, like wood, or along natural planes of
cleavage, like crystals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This crystal is a pellucid, <i>fissile</i>
stone.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fis`si*lin"gual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fissus</i> (p. p. of <i>findere</i> to split) + E.
<i>lingual</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the tongue
forked.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fis`si*lin"gui*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>fissus</i> (p. p. o f <i>findere</i> to split) +
<i>lingua</i> tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of Lacertilia
having the tongue forked, including the common lizards.</def>
[Written also <i>Fissilingues</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Fis*sil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being fissile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fissio</i>. See
<u>Fissure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cleaving, splitting, or
breaking up into parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A method of asexual
reproduction among the lowest (unicellular) organisms by means of a
process of self-division, consisting of gradual division or cleavage
of the into two parts, each of which then becomes a separate and
independent organisms; as when a cell in an animal or plant, or its
germ, undergoes a spontaneous division, and the parts again
subdivide. See <u>Segmentation</u>, and <i>Cell division</i>, under
<u>Division</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A process by which
certain coral polyps, echinoderms, annelids, etc., spontaneously
subdivide, each individual thus forming two or more new ones. See
<u>Strobilation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis`si*pal"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fissus</i> (p. p. of <i>findere</i> to split) + <i>palma</i>
palm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Semipalmate and loboped, as a grebe's
foot. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Aves</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fis*sip"a*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Fissiparous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Animals which reproduce
by fission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis*sip"a*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Fissiparous</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Reproduction by spontaneous
fission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis`si*par"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Quality of being fissiparous; fissiparism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis*sip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fissus</i> (p. p. of <i>findere</i> to split) + <i>parere</i> to
bring forth: cf. F. <i>fissipare</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Reproducing by spontaneous fission. See <u>Fission</u>.</def> --
<wf>Fis*sip"a*rous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fis`si*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Reproduction by fission; fissiparism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fis"si*ped</hw> (?), <hw>Fis*sip"e*dal</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>fissip&egrave;de</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the toes separated to the base. [See
<u>Aves</u>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis"si*ped</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Fissipedia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fis`si*pe"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>fissus</i> (p. p. of <i>findere</i> to cleave) + <i>pes</i>,
<i>pedis</i>, a foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of the
Carnivora, including the dogs, cats, and bears, in which the feet are
not webbed; -- opposed to <i>Pinnipedia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis`si*ros"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fissirostre</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the bill cleft
beyond the horny part, as in the case of swallows and
goatsuckers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fis`si*ros"tres</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>fissus</i> (p. p. of <i>findere</i> to cleave) + <i>rostrum</i>
beak.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of birds having the bill
deeply cleft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis"sur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
fissure or fissures; as, the <i>fissural</i> pattern of a
brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis`su*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The act of dividing or opening; the state of being
fissured.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fissura</i>,
fr. <i>findere</i>, <i>fissum</i>, to cleave, split; akin to E.
<i>bite</i>: cf. F. <i>fissure</i>.] <def>A narrow opening, made by
the parting of any substance; a cleft; as, the <i>fissure</i> of a
rock.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cerebral fissures</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
furrows or clefts by which the surface of the cerebrum is divided;
esp., the furrows first formed by the infolding of the whole wall of
the cerebrum.</cd> -- <col><b>Fissure needle</b></col>
<i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>a spiral needle for catching together the gaping
lips of wounds.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Fissure of
rolando</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the furrow separating the
frontal from the parietal lobe in the cerebrum.</cd> --
<col><b>Fissure of Sylvius</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a deep
cerebral fissure separating the frontal from the temporal lobe. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Brain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fissure
vein</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a crack in the earth's surface
filled with mineral matter.</cd> <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fis"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cleave; to
divide; to crack or fracture.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fis`su*rel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of
L. <i>fissura</i> a fissure.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
marine gastropod mollusks, having a conical or limpetlike shell, with
an opening at the apex; -- called also <i>keyhole
limpet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fist</hw> (f&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>fist</i>, <i>fust</i>, AS. <i>f&ymacr;st</i>; akin to D.
<i>vuist</i>, OHG. <i>f&umacr;st</i>, G. <i>faust</i>, and prob. to
L. <i>pugnus</i>, Gr. <grk>pygmh`</grk> fist, <grk>py`x</grk> with
the fist.  Cf. <u>Pugnacious</u>, <u>Pigmy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The hand with the fingers doubled into the palm; the closed
hand, especially as clinched tightly for the purpose of striking a
blow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who grasp the earth and heaven with my
<i>fist</i>.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The talons of a bird of prey.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>More light than culver in the falcon's
<i>fist</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(print.)</i> <def>the index mark [&fist;],
used to direct special attention to the passage which
follows.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hand over fist</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>rapidly; hand
over hand.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fist</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fisting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with the
fist.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gripe with the fist.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fist"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Fist</u>.]
<def>Pertaining to boxing, or to encounters with the fists;
puglistic; as, <i>fistic</i> exploits; <i>fistic</i> heroes.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fist"i*cuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cuff or blow
with the fist or hand</def>; (<i>pl.</i>) <def>a fight with the
fists; boxing.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fis"ti*nut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Fr.
<i>fistinq</i>, <i>fistuq</i>. See <u>Pistachio</u>.] <def>A
pistachio nut.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fis*tu"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>An
instrument used by the ancients in driving piles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fis"tu*la</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fistul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
reed; a pipe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pipe for convejing water.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A permanent abnormal opening
into the soft parts with a constant discharge; a deep, narrow,
chronic abscess; an abnormal opening between an internal cavity and
another cavity or the surface; as, a salivary <i>fistula</i>; an anal
<i>fistula</i>; a recto-vaginal <i>fistula</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Incomplete fistula</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a fistula
open at one end only.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fis"tu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fistularis</i>: cf. F. <i>fistulaire</i>.] <def>Hollow and
cylindrical, like a pipe or reed.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fis`tu*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>fistula</i> pipe.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fishes,
having the head prolonged into a tube, with the mouth at the
extremity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis`tu*la"ri*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Fistularia</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or
pertaining to the genus Fistularia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis"tu*late</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf.
L. <i>fistulatus</i> furnished with pipes.] <def>To make hollow or
become hollow like a fistula, or pipe.</def> [Obs.] "A
<i>fistulated</i> ulcer."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fis"tule</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
fistula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fis"tu*li*form</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Fistula</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Of a fistular form; tubular;
pipe-shaped.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stalactite often occurs
<i>fistuliform</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fis"tu*lose`</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fistulosus</i>.] <def>Formed like a fistula; hollow;
reedlike.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fis"tu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fistuleux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form or nature
of a fistula; as, a <i>fistulous</i> ulcer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hollow, like a pipe or reed;
fistulose.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fit</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Fight</u>.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fitt</i> a song.]
<def>In Old English, a song; a strain; a canto or portion of a
ballad; a passus.</def> [Written also <i>fitte</i>, <i>fytte</i>,
etc.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To play some pleasant <i>fit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fit</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Fitter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Fittest</u> (?).]
[OE. <i>fit</i>, <i>fyt</i>; cf. E. <i>feat</i> neat, elegant, well
made, or icel. <i>fitja</i> to web, knit, OD. <i>vitten</i> to suit,
square, Goth. <i>f&emacr;tjan</i> to adorn. &radic;77.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to an end, object, or design;
suitable by nature or by art; suited by character, qualitties,
circumstances, education, etc.; qualified; competent;
worthy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which ordinary men are <i>fit</i> for, I am
qualified in.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fit</i> audience find, though few.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Prepared; ready.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>fit</i> to shoot, she singled forth among<BR>
her foes who first her quarry's strength should feel.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Conformed to a standart of duty,
properiety, or taste; convenient; meet; becoming; proper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it <i>fit</i> to say a king, Thou art
wicked?</blockquote> <i>Job xxxiv. 18.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Suitable; proper; appropriate; meet; becoming;
expedient; congruous; correspondent; apposite; apt; adapted;
prepared; qualified; competent; adequate.</p>

<p><hw>Fit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fitted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fitting</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make fit or suitable;
to adapt to the purpose intended; to qualify; to put into a condition
of readiness or preparation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The time is <i>fitted</i> for the duty.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The very situation for which he was peculiarly
<i>fitted</i> by nature.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring to a required form and size; to
shape aright; to adapt to a model; to adjust; -- said especially of
the work of a carpenter, machinist, tailor, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The carpenter . . . marketh it out with a line; he
<i>fitteth</i> it with planes.</blockquote> <i>Is. xliv. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To supply with something that is suitable
or fit, or that is shaped and adjusted to the use required.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No milliner can so <i>fit</i> his customers with
gloves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be suitable to; to answer the
requirements of; to be correctly shaped and adjusted to; as, if the
coat <i>fits</i> you, put it on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That's a bountiful answer that <i>fits</i> all
questions.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That time best <i>fits</i> the work.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fit out</b></col>, <cd>to supply with necessaries or
means; to furnish; to equip; as, <i>to fit out</i> a privateer.</cd>
-- <col><b>To fit up</b></col>, <cd>to furnish with things suitable;
to make proper for the reception or use of any person; to prepare;
as, <i>to fit up</i> a room for a guest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be proper or becoming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor <i>fits</i> it to prolong the feast.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be adjusted to a particular shape or
size; to suit; to be adapted; as, his coat <i>fits</i> very
well.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality of being fit; adjustment; adaptedness; as of dress to the
person of the wearer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
coincidence of parts that come in contact.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The part of an object upon which anything fits
tightly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fit rod</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>a gauge rod
used to try the depth of a bolt hole in order to determine the length
of the bolt required.</cd> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fit</i> strife, fight;
of uncertain origin. &radic; 77.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stroke or
blow.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Curse on that cross, quoth then the Sarazin,<BR>
That keeps thy body from the bitter <i>fit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden and violent attack of a disorder;
a stroke of disease, as of epilepsy or apoplexy, which produces
convulsions or unconsciousness; a convulsion; a paroxysm; hence, a
period of exacerbation of a disease; in general, an attack of
disease; as, a <i>fit</i> of sickness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And when the <i>fit</i> was on him, I did mark<BR>
How he did shake.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mood of any kind which masters or
possesses one for a time; a temporary, absorbing affection; a
paroxysm; as, a <i>fit</i> of melancholy, of passion, or of
laughter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>fits</i> of pleasure we balanced by an equal
degree of pain.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The English, however, were on this subject prone to
<i>fits</i> of jealously.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A passing humor; a caprice; a sudden and
unusual effort, activity, or motion, followed by relaxation or
inaction; an impulsive and irregular action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fits</i> of the season.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A darting point; a sudden emission.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A tongue of light, a <i>fit</i> of flame.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>By fits</b></col>, <col><b>By fits and starts</b></col>,
<cd>by intervals of action and repose; impulsively and irregularly;
intermittently.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fitch</hw> (?; 224), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fitches</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Vetch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A vetch.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A word found in
the Authorized Version of the Bible, representing different Hebrew
originals. In Isaiah xxviii. 25, 27, it means the black aromatic
seeds of <i>Nigella sativa</i>, still used as a flavoring in the
East. In Ezekiel iv. 9, the Revised Version now reads
<i>spelt</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fitch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. of fitched.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European polecat; also, its
fur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fitch"&eacute;</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fich&eacute;</i>, lit. p. p. of <i>ficher</i> to fasten, OF.
<i>fichier</i> to pierce.  Cf. 1st <u>Fish</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Sharpened to a point; pointed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cross fitch&eacute;</b></col>, <cd>a cross having the
lower arm pointed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fitched</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(her.)</i>
<def>Fitch&eacute;.</def> [Also <i>fiched</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Fitch"et</hw> (?), <hw>Fitch"ew</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>fisseau</i>, <i>fissel</i>, OD.
<i>fisse</i>, <i>visse</i>, <i>vitsche</i>, D. <i>vies</i> nasty,
loathsome, E. <i>fizz</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
polecat (<i>Putorius f&oelig;tidus</i>). See
<u>Polecat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fitch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having fitches or
vetches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fitch"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Fitch&eacute;</u>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Fitch&eacute;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fit"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 7th <u>Fit</u>.]
<def>Full of fits; irregularly variable; impulsive and
unstable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After life's <i>fitful</i> fever, he sleeps
well.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fit"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fit"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The victorious trumpet peal<BR>
Dies <i>fitfully away</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fith"el</hw> (?), <hw>Fith"ul</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. See <u>Fiddle</u>.] <def>A fiddle.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fit"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fit manner;
suitably; properly; conveniently; as, a maxim <i>fitly</i>
applied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fit"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
fitting; that which is proper or becoming; equipment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fit"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being fit; as, the <i>fitness</i> of measures or laws; a person's
<i>fitness</i> for office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fitt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Fit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fit"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable;
fit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fit"ted*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being fitted; adaptation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who fits or makes to fit;</def> esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One who tries on, and adjusts, articles of dress.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who fits or adjusts the different parts
of machinery to each other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coal broker who conducts the sales
between the owner of a coal pit and the shipper.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little piece; a
flitter; a flinder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where's the Frenchman? Alas, he's all
<i>fitters</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fit"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything used in
fitting up</def>; especially (<i>pl.</i>), <def>necessary fixtures or
apparatus; as, the <i>fittings</i> of a church or study; gas
<i>fittings</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fit"ting</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit; appropriate;
suitable; proper.</def> -- <wf>Fit"ting*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Fit"ting*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fit"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant (<i>Eryngium f&oelig;tidum</i>) supposed to be a remedy for
fits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fitz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>fils</i>,
<i>filz</i>, <i>fiz</i>, son, F. <i>fils</i>, L. <i>filius</i>. See
<u>Filial</u>.] <def>A son; -- used in compound names, to indicate
paternity, esp. of the illegitimate sons of kings and princes of the
blood; as, <i>Fitz</i>roy, the son of the king; <i>Fitz</i>clarence,
the son of the duke of Clarence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Five</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fif</i>,
<i>five</i>, AS. <i>f&imacr;f</i>, <i>f&imacr;fe</i>; akin to D.
<i>vijf</i>, OS. <i>f&imacr;f</i>, OHG. <i>finf</i>, <i>funf</i>, G.
<i>f&uuml;nf</i>, Icel. <i>fimm</i>, Sw. &amp; Sw. Dan. <i>fem</i>, Goth.
<i>fimf</i>, Lith. <i>penki</i>, W. <i>pump</i>, OIr.
<i>c&oacute;ic</i>, L. <i>quinque</i>, Gr. &?;, &AElig;ol. &?;, Skr.
<i>pa&?;can</i>. &radic;303.  Cf. <u>Fifth</u>, <u>Cinque</u>,
<u>Pentagon</u>, <u>Punch</u> the drink, <u>Quinary</u>.] <def>Four
and one added; one more than four.</def></p>

<p><! p. 565 !></p>

<p><col><b>Five nations</b></col> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>, <cd>a confederacy
of the Huron-Iroquois Indians, consisting of five tribes: Mohawks,
Onondagas, Cayugas, Oneidas, and Senecas. They inhabited the region
which is now the State of new York.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Five</hw> (f&imacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The number next greater than four, and less than six; five units
or objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Five</i> of them were wise, and <i>five</i> were
foolish.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxv. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing this number, as 5,
or V.</def></p>

<p><hw>Five"-fin`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Cinquefoil</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A starfish with five
rays, esp. <i>Asterias rubens</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Five"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>In
fives; consisting of five in one; five repeated; quintuple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Five"-leaf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cinquefoil;
five-finger.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Five"-leafed`</hw> (?), <hw>Five"-leaved`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having five leaflets, as the
Virginia creeper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Five"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
compound or twin crystal consisting of five individuals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fives</hw> (f&imacr;vz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A kind
of play with a ball against a wall, resembling tennis; -- so named
because three <i>fives</i>, or <i>fifteen</i>, are counted to the
game.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fives court</b></col>, <cd>a place for playing
fives.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fives</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Vives</u>.] <def>A
disease of the glands under the ear in horses; the vives.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Five`-twen"ties</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Five-
twenty bonds of the United States (bearing six per cent interest),
issued in 1862, '64, and '65, redeemable after <i>five</i> and
payable in <i>twenty</i> years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fix</hw> (f&ibreve;ks), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE., fr. L.
<i>fixus</i>, p. p. of <i>figere</i> to fix; cf. F. <i>fixe</i>.]
<def>Fixed; solidified.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fix</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fixed</u> (f&ibreve;kst); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fixing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>fixer</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make firm, stable, or fast; to set or
place permanently; to fasten immovably; to establish; to implant; to
secure; to make definite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An ass's nole I <i>fixed</i> on his head.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, <i>fix</i> thy chair of grace, that all my
powers<BR>
May also <i>fix</i> their reverence.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His heart is <i>fixed</i>, trusting in the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>fix</i> far deeper in his head their
stings.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold steadily; to direct unwaveringly;
to fasten, as the eye on an object, the attention on a
speaker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sat <i>fixed</i> in thought the mighty
Stagirite.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One eye on death, and one full <i>fix'd</i> on
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To transfix; to pierce.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>To render (an impression)
permanent by treating with such applications as will make it
insensible to the action of light.</def>  <i>Abney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To put in order; to arrange; to dispose
of; to adjust; to set to rights; to set or place in the manner
desired or most suitable; hence, to repair; as, to <i>fix</i> the
clothes; to <i>fix</i> the furniture of a room.</def> [Colloq.
U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Iron Manuf.)</i> <def>To line the hearth of
(a puddling furnace) with fettling.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To arrange; prepare; adjust; place; establish;
settle; determine.</p>

<p><hw>Fix</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
become fixed; to settle or remain permanently; to cease from
wandering; to rest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your kindness banishes your fear,<BR>
Resolved to <i>fix</i> forever here.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become firm, so as to resist
volatilization; to cease to flow or be fluid; to congeal; to become
hard and malleable, as a metallic substance.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fix on</b></col>, <cd>to settle the opinion or
resolution about; to determine regarding; as, the contracting parties
have <i>fixed on</i> certain leading points.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fix</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
position of difficulty or embarassment; predicament; dilemma.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Is he not living, then? No. is he dead, then? No, nor
dead either. Poor Aroar can not live, and can not die, -- so that he
is in an almighty <i>fix</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Iron Manuf.)</i> <def>fettling.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Fix"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being fixed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fix*a"tion</hw> (f&ibreve;ks*&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>fixation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of fixing, or the state of being fixed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An unalterable <i>fixation</i> of
resolution.</blockquote> <i>Killingbeck.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To light, created in the first day, God gave no proper
place or <i>fixation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Marked stiffness or absolute <i>fixation</i> of a
joint.</blockquote> <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>fixation</i> and confinement of thought to a few
objects.</blockquote> <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of uniting chemically with a solid
substance or in a solid form; reduction to a non-volatile condition;
-- said of gaseous elements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of ceasing to be fluid
and becoming firm.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A state of resistance to evaporation or
volatilization by heat; -- said of metals.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fix"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
serves to set or fix colors or drawings, as a mordant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fixed</hw> (f&ibreve;kst), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Securely placed or fastened; settled;
established; firm; imovable; unalterable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Stable; non-
volatile.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fixed air</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>carbonic acid
or carbon dioxide; -- so called by Dr. Black because it can be
absorbed or <i>fixed</i> by strong bases. See <i>Carbonic acid</i>,
under <u>Carbonic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fixed alkali</b></col> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i>, <cd>a non-volatile base, as soda, or potash, in
distinction from the volatile alkali ammonia.</cd> -- <col><b>Fixed
ammunition</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a projectile and powder
inclosed together in a case ready for loading.</cd> -- <col><b>Fixed
battery</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a battery which contains heavy
guns and mortars intended to remain stationary; -- distinguished from
<i>movable</i> battery.</cd> -- <col><b>Fixed bodies</b></col>,
<cd>those which can not be volatilized or separated by a common
menstruum, without great difficulty, as gold, platinum, lime,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fixed capital</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Capital</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Fixed
fact</b></col>, <cd>a well established fact.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>Fixed light</b></col>, <cd>one which emits constant beams; --
distinguished from a flashing, revolving, or intermittent light.</cd>
-- <col><b>Fixed oils</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>non-volatile,
oily substances, as stearine and olein, which leave a permanent
greasy stain, and which can not be distilled unchanged; --
distinguished from <i>volatile</i> or <i>essential oils</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fixed pivot</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the fixed point
about which any line of troops wheels.</cd> -- <col><b>Fixed
stars</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>such stars as always retain
nearly the same apparent position and distance with respect to each
other, thus distinguished from planets and comets.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fix"ed*ly</hw> (f&ibreve;ks"&ebreve;d*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fixed, stable, or constant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fix"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being fixed; stability;
steadfastness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of a body which resists
evaporation or volatilization by heat; solidity; cohesion of parts;
as, the <i>fixedness</i> of gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fix*id"i*ty</hw> (f&ibreve;ks*&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fixedness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fix"ing</hw> (f&ibreve;ks"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of making fixed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is fixed; a fixture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Arrangements; embellishments;
trimmings; accompaniments.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Fix"i*ty</hw> (-&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>fixit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fixedness; as,
<i>fixity</i> of tenure; also, that which is fixed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coherence of parts.</def>  <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fix"ture</hw> (f&ibreve;ks"t&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. <u>Fixure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is fixed or
attached to something as a permanent appendage; as, the
<i>fixtures</i> of a pump; the <i>fixtures</i> of a farm or of a
dwelling, that is, the articles which a tenant may not take
away.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State of being fixed; fixedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The firm <i>fixture</i> of thy foot.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Anything of an accessory
character annexed to houses and lands, so as to constitute a part of
them. This term is, however, quite frequently used in the peculiar
sense of personal chattels annexed to lands and tenements, but
removable by the person annexing them, or his personal
representatives. In this latter sense, the same things may be
<i>fixtures</i> under some circumstances, and not <i>fixtures</i>
under others.</def>  <i>Wharton (Law Dict.).</i> <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word is frequently substituted for <i>fixure</i>
(formerly the word in common use) in new editions of old works.</p>

<p><hw>Fix"ure</hw> (-&usl;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fixura</i>
a fastening, fr. <i>figere</i> to fix. See <u>Fix</u>, and cf.
<u>Fixture</u>.] <def>Fixed position; stable condition;
firmness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fiz"gig`</hw> (f&ibreve;z"g&ibreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A fishgig.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fiz"gig`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fizz</i> + <i>gig</i>
whirling thing.] <def>A firework, made of damp powder, which makes a
fizzing or hissing noise when it explodes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fiz"gig`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gig</u> a flirt.]
<def>A gadding, flirting girl.</def>  <i>Gosson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fizz</hw> (f&ibreve;z), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fizzed</u> (f&ibreve;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fizzing</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>f&imacr;sa</i> to break
wind, Dan. <i>fise</i> to foist, fizzle, OSw. <i>fisa</i>, G.
<i>fisten</i>, <i>feisten</i>.  Cf. <u>Foist</u>.] <def>To make a
hissing sound, as a burning fuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fizz</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hissing sound; as, the
<i>fizz</i> of a fly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fiz"zle</hw> (f&ibreve;z"z'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fizzled</u> (-z'ld); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Fizzling</u> (-zl&ibreve;ng).] [See
<u>Fizz</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a hissing
sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the easiest thing, sir, to be done,<BR>
As plain as <i>fizzling</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a ridiculous failure in an
undertaking.</def> [Colloq. or Low]</p>

<p><col><b>To fizzle out</b></col>, <cd>to burn with a hissing noise
and then go out, like wet gunpowder; hence, to fail completely and
ridiculously; to prove a failure.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fiz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A failure or abortive
effort.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Fjord</hw> (fy&ocirc;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fiord</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flab"ber*gast</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Flap</u>, and <u>Aghast</u>.] <def>To astonish; to strike with
wonder, esp. by extraordinary statements.</def> [Jocular]
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flab`ber*gas*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being flabbergasted.</def> [Jocular]  <i>London
Punch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flab"bi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flabby
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flab"bi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being flabby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flab"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Flap</u>.]
<def>Yielding to the touch, and easily moved or shaken; hanging loose
by its own weight; wanting firmness; flaccid; as, <i>flabby</i>
flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla"bel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>flabellum</i> a
fan, dim. of <i>flabrum</i> a breeze, fr. <i>flare</i> to blow.]
<def>A fan.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fla*bel"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flabellatus</i>, p. p. of <i>flabellare</i> to fan, fr.
<i>flabellum</i>. See <u>Flabbel</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Flabelliform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flab`el*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
keeping fractured limbs cool by the use of a fan or some other
contrivance.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fla*bel"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flabellum</i> a fan + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>flabeliforme</i>.]
<def>Having the form of a fan; fan-shaped; flabellate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla*bel"li*nerved`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flabellum</i> a fan + E. <i>nerve</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
many nerves diverging radiately from the base; -- said of a
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fla*bel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>See</i>
<u>Flabel</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A fan; especially, the fan
carried before the pope on state occasions, made in ostrich and
peacock feathers.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flab"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>flabilis</i>.]
<def>Liable to be blown about.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flac"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>flaccidus</i>,
fr. <i>flaccus</i> flabby: cf. OF. <i>flaccide</i>.] <def>Yielding to
pressure for want of firmness and stiffness; soft and weak; limber;
lax; drooping; flabby; as, a <i>flaccid</i> muscle; <i>flaccid</i>
flesh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Religious profession . . . has become
<i>flacced</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Flac"cid*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Flac"cid*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Flac*cid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>flaccidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state of being flaccid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flack"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>flakeren</i>, fr. <i>flacken</i> to move quickly to and fro; cf.
icel. <i>flakka</i> to rove about, AS. <i>flacor</i> fluttering,
flying, G. <i>flackern</i> to flare, flicker.] <def>To flutter, as a
bird.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flack"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>flasquet</i>
little flask, dim. of <i>flasque</i> a flask.] <def>A barrel-shaped
bottle; a flagon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flag</hw> (fl&abreve;g), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Flagging</u> (?).] [Cf. Icel. <i>flaka</i> to droop,
hang loosely.  Cf. <u>Flacker</u>, <u>Flag</u> an ensign.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hang loose without stiffness; to bend
down, as flexible bodies; to be loose, yielding, limp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As loose it [the sail] <i>flagged</i> around the
mast.</blockquote> <i>T. Moore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To droop; to grow spiritless; to lose
vigor; to languish; as, the spirits <i>flag</i>; the streugth
<i>flags</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pleasures of the town begin to
<i>flag</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To droop; decline; fail; languish; pine.</p>

<p><hw>Flag</hw> (fl&abreve;g), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let droop; to suffer to fall, or let fall,
into feebleness; as, to <i>flag</i> the wings.</def>
<i>prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enervate; to exhaust the vigor or
elasticity of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing so <i>flags</i> the spirits.</blockquote>
<i>Echard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. &amp; G. <i>flagge</i>,
Sw. <i>flagg</i>, Dan. <i>flag</i>, D. <i>vlag</i>. See <u>Flag</u>
to hang loose.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which flags or hangs
down loosely.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cloth usually bearing a device or
devices and used to indicate nationality, party, etc., or to give or
ask information; -- commonly attached to a staff to be waved by the
wind; a standard; a banner; an ensign; the colors; as, the national
<i>flag</i>; a military or a naval <i>flag</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
group of feathers on the lower part of the legs of certain hawks,
owls, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A group of elongated wing
feathers in certain hawks.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The bushy
tail of a dog, as of a setter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black flag</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Black</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Flag captain</b></col>, <col><b>Flag leutenant</b></col>,
<cd>etc., special officers attached to the flagship, as aids to the
flag officer.</cd> -- <col><b>Flag officer</b></col>, <cd>the
commander of a fleet or squadron; an admiral, or commodore.</cd> --
<col><b>Flag of truse</b></col>, <cd>a white flag carried or
displayed to an enemy, as an invitation to conference, or for the
purpose of making some communication not hostile.</cd> --
<col><b>Flag share</b></col>, <cd>the flag officer's share of prize
money.</cd> -- <col><b>Flag station</b></col> <i>(Railroad)</i>,
<cd>a station at which trains do not stop unless signaled to do so,
by a flag hung out or waved.</cd> -- <col><b>National flag</b></col>,
<cd>a flag of a particular country, on which some national emblem or
device, is emblazoned.</cd> -- <col><b>Red flag</b></col>, <cd>a flag
of a red color, displayed as a signal of danger or token of defiance;
the emblem of anarchists.</cd> -- <col><b>To dip, the flag</b></col>,
<cd>to mlower it and quickly restore it to its place; -- done as a
mark of respect.</cd> -- <col><b>To hang out the white
flag</b></col>, <cd>to ask truce or quarter, or, in some cases, to
manifest a friendly design by exhibiting a white flag.</cd> --
<col><b>To hang the flag</b></col> <col><b>half-mast high or half-
staff</b></col>, <cd>to raise it only half way to the mast <i>or</i>
staff, as a token or sign of mourning.</cd> -- <col><b>To</b></col>
<col><b>strike, or lower</b></col>, <col><b>the flag</b></col>,
<cd>to haul it down, in token of respect, submission, or, in an
engagement, of surrender.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow flag</b></col>,
<cd>the quarantine flag of all nations; also carried at a vessel's
fore, to denote that an infectious disease is on board.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Flag</u> an
ensign.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To signal to with a flag; as, to
<i>flag</i> a train.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To convey, as a message, by means of flag
signals; as, to <i>flag</i> an order to troops or vessels at a
distance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Flag</u> to hang
loose, to bend down.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aquatic plant, with long,
ensiform leaves, belonging to either of the genera <i>Iris</i> and
<i>Acorus</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cooper's flag</b></col>, <cd>the cat-tail (<i>Typha
latifolia</i>), the long leaves of which are placed between the
staves of barrels to make the latter water-tight.</cd> --
<col><b>Corn flag</b></col>. <cd>See under 2d <u>Corn</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Flag broom</b></col>, <cd>a coarse of broom, originally made
of flags or rushes.</cd> -- <col><b>Flag root</b></col>, <cd>the root
of the sweet flag.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet flag</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Calamus</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish or deck out
with flags.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>flaga</i>, cf. Icel.
<i>flag</i> spot where a turf has been cut out, and E. <i>flake</i>
layer, scale.  Cf. <u>Floe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flat stone
used for paving.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Any hard, evenly stratified
sandstone, which splits into layers suitable for
flagstones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lay with flags of
flat stones.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sides and floor are all <i>flagged</i> with . . .
marble.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flag"el*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flagellans</i>, p. p. of <i>flagellare</i>: cf.F.
<i>flagellant</i>. See <u>Flagellate</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of a fanatical sect which flourished in Europe in the 13th
and 14th centuries, and maintained that flagellation was of equal
virtue with baptism and the sacrament; -- called also
<i>disciplinant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Flag`el*la"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.L.
<i>flagellatus</i>, <i>p. p</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Flagellate</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
Infusoria, having one or two long, whiplike cilia, at the anterior
end. It includes monads. See <u>Infusoria</u>, and
<u>Monad</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flag"el*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flagellated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Flagellating</u> (?).] [L. <i>flagellatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>flagellare</i> to scoure, fr. <i>flagellum</i> whip, dim. of
<i>flagrum</i> whip, scoure; cf. <i>fligere</i> to strike.  Cf.
<u>Flall</u>.] <def>To whip; to scourge; to flog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla*gel"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Flagelliform.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Flagellata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flag`el*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flagellatio</i>: cf. F. <i>flagellation</i>.] <def>A beating or
flogging; a whipping; a scourging.</def>  <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flag"el*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices flagellation; one who whips or scourges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla*gel"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flagellum</i> a whip + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like a whiplash;
long, slender, round, flexible, and (comming) tapering.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fla*gel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Flagellums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Flagella</b></plw> (#).
[L., a whip. See <u>Flagellate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A young, flexible shoot of a
plant; esp., the long trailing branch of a vine, or a slender branch
in certain mosses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
long, whiplike cilium. See <u>Flagellata</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An appendage of the reproductive apparatus
of the snail.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A lashlike appendage of
a crustacean, esp. the terminal ortion of the antenn&aelig; and the
epipodite of the maxilipeds. See <u>Maxilliped</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 566 !></p>

<p><hw>Flag"eo*let`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>flageolet</i>, dim. of OF. <i>flaj&?;l</i> (as if fr. a LL.
<i>flautio</i>;<i>us</i>), of <i>fla&uuml;te</i>, <i>flahute</i>, F.
<i>fl&?;te</i>. See <u>Flute</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small wooden
pipe, having six or more holes, and a mouthpiece inserted at one end.
It produces a shrill sound, softer than of the piccolo flute, and is
said to have superseded the old recorder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flageolet tones</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the naturel
harmonics or overtones of stringed instruments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flag"gi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition
of being flaggy; laxity; limberness.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flag"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pavement or
sidewalk of flagstones; flagstones, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flag"ging</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Growing languid,
weak, or spiritless; weakening; delaying.</def> --
<wf>Flag"ging*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Flag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Weak; flexible; limber.</def> "<i>Flaggy</i> wings."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tasteless; insipid; as, a <i>flaggy</i>
apple.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flag"gy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 5th <u>Flag</u>.]
<def>Abounding with the plant called <i>flag</i>; as, a <i>flaggy</i>
marsh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flag"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flagitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>flagitare</i> to demand. See
<u>Flagitious</u>.] <def>To importune; to demand fiercely or with
passion.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Carcyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flag`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flagitatio</i>.] <def>Importunity; urgent demand.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fla*gi"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flagitiosus</i>, fr. <i>flagitium</i> a shameful or disgraceful
act, orig., a burning desire, heat of passion, from <i>flagitare</i>
to demand hotly, fiercely; cf. <i>flagrare</i> to burn, E.
<i>flagrant</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disgracefully or shamefully
criminal; grossly wicked; scandalous; shameful; -- said of acts,
crimes, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Debauched principles and <i>flagitious</i>
practices.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Guilty of enormous crimes; corrupt;
profligate; -- said of persons.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by scandalous crimes or
vices; as, <i>flagitious</i> times.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Atrocious; villainous; flagrant; heinous; corrupt;
profligate; abandoned. See <u>Atrocious</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Fla*gi"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fla*gi"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>A sentence so <i>flagitiously</i> unjust.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flag"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flagmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who makes signals with a
flag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flag"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>flacon</i>, for
<i>flascon</i>, fr. OF. <i>flasche</i>, from LL. <i>flasco</i>. See
<u>Flask</u>.] <def>A vessel with a narrow mouth, used for holding
and conveying liquors. It is generally larger than a bottle, and of
leather or stoneware rather than of glass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A trencher of mutton chops, and a <i>flagon</i> of
ale.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fla"grance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Flagrancy.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fla"gran*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flagrancies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>flagrantia</i> a burning.
See <u>Flagrant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A burning; great heat;
inflammation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lust causeth a <i>flagrancy</i> in the
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition or quality of being
flagrant; atrocity; heiniousness; enormity; excess.</def>
<i>Steele.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fla"grant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>flagrans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>flagrate</i> to burn, akin to Gr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>flagrant</i>.  Cf. <u>Flame</u>, <u>Phlox</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flaming; inflamed; glowing; burning;
ardent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The beadle's lash still <i>flagrant</i> on their
back.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A young man yet <i>flagrant</i> from the lash of the
executioner or the beadle.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Flagrant</i> desires and affections.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Actually in preparation, execution, or
performance; carried on hotly; raging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A war the most powerful of the native tribes was
<i>flagrant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Flaming into notice; notorious; enormous;
heinous; glaringly wicked.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Atrocious; flagitious; glaring. See
<u>Atrocious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fla"grant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flagrant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla"grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flagrare</i>, <i>flagratum</i>, v.i. &amp; t., to burn.] <def>To
burn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Greenhill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fla*gra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
conflagration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Flag"ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The vessel which carries the commanding officer of a fleet or
squadron and flies his distinctive flag or pennant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flag"staff`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-staves</b></plw> (&?;) or <plw><b>-staffs</b></plw> (&?;).
<def>A staff on which a flag is hoisted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flag"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flat stone
used in paving, or any rock which will split into such stones. See
<u>Flag</u>, a stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flag"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A worm or grub found among flags and sedge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>flagellum</i>
whip, scourge, in LL., a threshing flail: cf. OF. <i>flael</i>,
<i>flaiel</i>, F. <i>fl&eacute;au</i>. See <u>Flagellum</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for threshing or beating grain
from the ear by hand, consisting of a wooden staff or handle, at the
end of which a stouter and shorter pole or club, called a swipe, is
so hung as to swing freely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His shadowy <i>flail</i> hath threshed the
corn.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ancient military weapon, like the
common flail, often having the striking part armed with rows of
spikes, or loaded.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No citizen thought himself safe unless he carried
under his coat a small <i>flail</i>, loaded with lead, to brain the
Popish assassins.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flail"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting like a
flail.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Vicars.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flain</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Flay</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flake</hw> (fl&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>flaki</i>, <i>fleki</i>, Dan. <i>flage</i>, D. <i>vlaak</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A paling; a hurdle.</def> [prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A platform of hurdles, or small sticks
made fast or interwoven, supported by stanchions, for drying codfish
and other things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall also, after they be ripe, neither suffer
them to have straw nor fern under them, but lay them either upon some
smooth table, boards, or <i>flakes</i> of wands, and they will last
the longer.</blockquote> <i>English Husbandman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small stage hung over a
vessel's side, for workmen to stand on in calking, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flake</hw> (fl&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>flakna</i> to flake off, split, <i>flagna</i> to flake off, Sw.
<i>flaga</i> flaw, flake, <i>flake</i> plate, Dan. <i>flage</i>
snowflake.  Cf. <u>Flag</u> a flat stone.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
loose filmy mass or a thin chiplike layer of anything; a film; flock;
lamina; layer; scale; as, a <i>flake</i> of snow, tallow, or
fish.</def> "Lottle <i>flakes</i> of scurf."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Great <i>flakes</i> of ice encompassing our
boat.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A little particle of lighted or
incandescent matter, darted from a fire; a flash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>flakes</i> of ruddy fire.</blockquote>
<i>Somerville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A sort of carnation with
only two colors in the flower, the petals having large stripes.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Flake knife</b></col> <i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i>, <cd>a
cutting instrument used by savage tribes, made of a flake or chip of
hard stone.</cd> <i>Tylor.</i> -- <col><b>Flake stand</b></col>,
<cd>the cooling tub or vessel of a still worm.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Flake white</b></col>. <i>(Paint.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The purest white lead, in the form of flakes or scales.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The trisnitrate of bismuth.</cd>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flake</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flaking</u>.] <def>To form into flakes.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To separate in
flakes; to peel or scale off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flak"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being flaky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
flakes or of small, loose masses; lying, or cleaving off, in flakes
or layers; flakelike.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>What showers of mortal hail, what <i>flaky</i>
fires!</blockquote> <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>flaky</i> weight of winter's purest
snows.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flam</hw> (fl&abreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<u>fle&aacute;m</u>, <u>fl&aemacr;m</u>, flight. &radic; 84 .  Cf.
<u>Flimflam</u>.] <def>A freak or whim; also, a falsehood; a lie; an
illusory pretext; deception; delusion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A perpetual abuse and <i>flam</i> upon
posterity.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flammed</u> ; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flamming</u>.] <def>To deceive with a falsehood.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God is not to be <i>flammed</i> off with
lies.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flam"beau</hw> (?); <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flambeaux</b></plw> (#) or <plw><b>Flambeaus</b></plw> (#).
[F., fr. OF. <i>flambe</i> flame, for <i>flamble</i>, from L.
<i>flammula</i> a little flame, dim. of <i>flamma</i> flame. See
<u>Flame</u>.] <def>A flaming torch, esp. one made by combining
together a number of thick wicks invested with a quick-burning
substance (anciently, perhaps, wax; in modern times, pitch or the
like); hence, any torch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flam*boy"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Characterized by waving or flamelike curves, as
in the tracery of windows, etc.; -- said of the later (15th century)
French Gothic style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flam*boy"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>flamboyer</i> to be bright.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given in
the East and West Indies to certain trees with brilliant blossoms,
probably species of <i>C&aelig;salpinia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flame</hw> (fl&amacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>flame</i>, <i>flaume</i>, <i>flaumbe</i>, OF. <i>flame</i>,
<i>flambe</i>, F. <i>flamme</i>, fr. L. <i>flamma</i>, fr.
<i>flamma</i>, fr. <i>flagrare</i> to burn. See <u>Flagrant</u>, and
cf. <u>Flamneau</u>, <u>Flamingo</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
stream of burning vapor or gas, emitting light and heat; darting or
streaming fire; a blaze; a fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Burning zeal or passion; elevated and
noble enthusiasm; glowing imagination; passionate excitement or
anger.</def> "In a <i>flame</i> of zeal severe."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where <i>flames</i> refin'd in breasts seraphic
glow.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Smit with the love of sister arts we came,<BR>
And met congenial, mingling <i>flame</i> with
<i>flame</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ardor of affection; the passion of
love.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person beloved; a sweetheart.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blaze; brightness; ardor. See <u>Blaze</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Flame bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge wall. See
<u>Bridge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd> -- <col><b>Flame
color</b></col>, <cd>brilliant orange or yellow.</cd> <i>B.
Jonson.</i> -- <col><b>Flame engine</b></col>, <cd>an early name for
the gas engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Flame manometer</b></col>, <cd>an
instrument, invented by Koenig, to obtain graphic representation of
the action of the human vocal organs. See <u>Manometer</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Flame reaction</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a method of
testing for the presence of certain elements by the characteristic
color imparted to a flame; as, sodium colors a flame yellow,
potassium violet, lithium crimson, boracic acid green, etc.  Cf.
<i>Spectrum analysis</i>, under <u>Spectrum</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Flame tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree with showy
scarlet flowers, as the <i>Rhododendron arboreum</i> in India, and
the <i>Brachychiton acerifolium</i> of Australia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flame</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flaming</u>.] [OE. <i>flamen</i>, <i>flaumben</i>, F.
<i>flamber</i>, OF. also, <i>flamer</i>. See <u>Flame</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To burn with a flame or
blaze; to burn as gas emitted from bodies in combustion; to
blaze.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The main blaze of it is past, but a small thing would
make it <i>flame</i> again.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To burst forth like flame; to break out in
violence of passion; to be kindled with zeal or ardor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>flamed</i> with indignation.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flame</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To kindle; to
inflame; to excite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>flamed</i> with zeal of vengeance
inwardly.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flame"-col`ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
color of flame; of a bright orange yellow color.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flame"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
flame.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flame"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Flame</i> + <i>-
let</i>.] <def>A small flame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>flamelets</i> gleamed and
flickered.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fla"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Flammens</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Flamines</b></plw> (#).
[L.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A priest devoted to the service of a
particular god, from whom he received a distinguishing epithet. The
most honored were those of Jupiter, Mars, and Quirinus, called
respectively <i>Flamen Dialis</i>, <i>Flamen Martialis</i>, and
<i>Flamen Quirinalis</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Affrights the flamens at their service
quaint.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fla*min"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to a flamen; flaminical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flam"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Emitting flames; afire; blazing; consuming;
illuminating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the color of flame; high-colored;
brilliant; dazzling.</def> "In <i>flaming</i> yellow bright."
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ardent; passionate; burning with zeal;
irrepressibly earnest; as, a <i>flaming</i> proclomation or
harangue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flam"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flaming
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla*min"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flamingoes</b></plw> (#). [Sp. <i>flamenco</i>, cf. Pg.
<i>flamingo</i>, Prov. <i>flammant</i>, F. <i>flamant</i>; prop. a p.
pr. meaning <i>flaming</i>. So called in allusion to its color. See
<u>Flame</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird of the genus
<i>Ph&oelig;nicopterus</i>. The flamingoes have webbed feet, very
long legs, and a beak bent down as if broken. Their color is usually
red or pink. The American flamingo is <i>P. ruber</i>; the European
is <i>P. antiquorum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla*min"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to a flamen.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flam`ma*bil"ity</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being flammable; inflammability.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flam"ma*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inflammable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Flam*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
setting in a flame or blaze.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir. T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flam"me*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>flammeus</i>
from <i>flamma</i> flame.] <def>Pertaining to, consisting of, or
resembling, flame.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flam*mif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flammifer</i>; <i>flamma</i> flame + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<def>Producing flame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flam*miv"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flammivomus</i>; <i>flamma</i> flame + <i>vomere</i> to vomit.]
<def>Vomiting flames, as a volcano.</def>  <i>W. Thompson.
(1745).</i></p>

<p><hw>Flam"mu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flammula</i> little flame, dim. fr. <i>flamma</i> flame.] <def>Of
a reddish color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flam"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Flame</u>.]
<def>Flaming; blazing; flamelike; flame-colored; composed of
flame.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flanch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flanches</b></plw> (#). [Prov. E., a projection, OF.
<i>flanche</i> flank. See <u>Flank</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
flange.</def> [R.]. <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A bearing consisting of a
segment of a circle encroaching on the field from the side.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Flanches</i> are always in pairs. A pair of
<i>flanches</i> is considered one of the subordinaries.</p>

<p><hw>Flanched</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Having flanches; -- said of an escutcheon with those
bearings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flan`co*nade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Fencing)</i> <def>A thrust in the side.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fla`neur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>fl&acirc;ner</i> to stroll.] <def>One who strolls about aimlessly;
a lounger; a loafer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A miner's two-
pointed pick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flange</hw> (fl&abreve;nj), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>flange</i> to project, <i>flanch</i> a projection. See
<u>Flanch</u>, <u>Flank</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An external or
internal rib, or rim, for strength, as the <i>flange</i> of an iron
beam; or for a guide, as the <i>flange</i> of a car wheel (see <u>Car
wheel</u>.); or for attachment to another object, as the
<i>flange</i> on the end of a pipe, steam cylinder, etc.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plate or ring to form a rim at the end
of a pipe when fastened to the pipe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blind flange</b></col>, <cd>a plate for covering or
closing the end of a pipe.</cd> -- <col><b>Flange joint</b></col>,
<cd>a joint, as that of pipes, where the connecting pieces have
flanges by which the parts are bolted together.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -
- <col><b>Flange rail</b></col>, <cd>a rail with a flange on one
side, to keep wheels, etc. from running off.</cd> -- <col><b>Flange
turning</b></col>, <cd>the process of forming a flange on a wrought
iron plate by bending and hammering it when hot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flange</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flanged</u> (fl&abreve;njd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Flanging</u> (fl&abreve;n"j&ibreve;ng).]
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To make a flange on; to furnish with a
flange.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flange</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be bent into a
flange.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flanged</hw> (fl&abreve;njd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
a flange or flanges; as, a <i>flanged</i> wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flank</hw> (fl&abreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>flanc</i>, prob. fr. L. <i>flaccus</i> flabby, with <i>n</i>
inserted.  Cf. <u>Flaccid</u>, <u>Flanch</u>, <u>Flange</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fleshy or muscular part of the side of an
animal, between the ribs and the hip. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Beef</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The side
of an army, or of any division of an army, as of a brigade, regiment,
or battalion; the extreme right or left; as, to attack an enemy in
<i>flank</i> is to attack him on the side.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When to right and left the front</blockquote>
<blockquote>Divided, and to either <i>flank</i> retired.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>That part of a bastion
which reaches from the curtain to the face, and defends the curtain,
the flank and face of the opposite bastion; any part of a work
defending another by a fire along the outside of its parapet.</def>
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bastion</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The side of any
building.</def>  <i>Brands.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That part of the acting surface of a gear
wheel tooth that lies within the pitch line.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flank attack</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>an attack upon
the side of an army or body of troops, distinguished from one upon
its front or rear.</cd> -- <col><b>Flank company</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a certain number of troops drawn up on the right
or left of a battalion; usually grenadiers, light infantry, or
riflemen.</cd> -- <col><b>Flank defense</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>,
<cd>protection of a work against undue exposure to an enemy's direct
fire, by means of the fire from other works, sweeping the ground in
its front.</cd> -- <col><b>Flank en potence</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>any part of the right or left wing formed at a projecting angle
with the line.</cd> -- <col><b>Flank files</b></col>, <cd>the first
men on the right, and the last on the left, of a company, battalion,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Flank march</b></col>, <cd>a march made parallel
or obliquely to an enemy's position, in order to turn it or to attack
him on the flank.</cd> -- <col><b>Flank movement</b></col>, <cd>a
change of march by an army, or portion of one, in order to turn one
or both wings of the enemy, or to take up a new position.</cd> --
<col><b>Flanks of a frontier</b></col>, <cd>salient points in a
national boundary, strengthened to protect the frontier against
hostile incursion.</cd> -- <col><b>Flank patrol</b></col>,
<cd>detachments acting independently of the column of an army, but
patrolling along its flanks, to secure it against surprise and to
observe the movements of the enemy.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 567 !></p>

<p><hw>Flank</hw> (fl&abreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flanked</u> (fl&abreve;&nsm;kt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Flanking</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>flanquer</i>. See <u>Flank</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Flanker</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
stand at the flank or side of; to border upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stately colonnades are <i>flanked</i> with
trees.</blockquote> <i>Pitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overlook or command the flank of; to
secure or guard the flank of; to pass around or turn the flank of; to
attack, or threaten to attack; the flank of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
border; to touch.</def>  <i>Bp. Butler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be posted on the side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flank"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, flanks, as a skirmisher or a body of troops sent out upon the
flanks of an army toguard a line of march, or a fort projecting so as
to command the side of an assailing body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They threw out <i>flankers</i>, and endeavored to
dislodge their assailants.</blockquote> <i>W. Irwing.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flank"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flankered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flankering</u>.] [See <u>Flank</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To defend by lateral fortifications.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attack sideways.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flan"nel</hw> (fl&abreve;n"n&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>flanelle</i>, cf. OF. <i>flaine</i> a pillowcase, a mattress
(?); fr. W. <i>gwlanen</i> flannel, fr. <i>gwlan</i> wool; prob. akin
to E. <i>wool</i>.  Cf. <u>Wool</u>.] <def>A soft, nappy, woolen
cloth, of loose texture.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Adam's flannel</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Adam</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canton flannel</b></col>, <col><b>Cotton
flannel</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Cotton flannel</i>, under
<u>Cotton</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flan"neled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered or
wrapped in flannel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flan"nen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made or
consisting of flannel.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Flannen</i> robes."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>flappe</i>,
<i>flap</i>, blow, bly-flap; cf. D. <i>flap</i>, and E. <i>flap</i>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Anything broad and limber that hangs
loose, or that is attached by one side or end and is easily moved;
as, the <i>flap</i> of a garment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cartilaginous <i>flap</i> upon the opening of the
larynx.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hinged leaf, as of a table or
shutter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The motion of anything broad and loose, or
a stroke or sound made with it; as, the <i>flap</i> of a sail or of a
wing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A disease in the
lips of horses.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flap tile</b></col>, <cd>a tile with a bent up portion, to
turn a corner or catch a drip.</cd> -- <col><b>Flap valve</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a valve which opens and shuts upon one hinged
side; a clack valve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flapping</u> (?).] [Prob. of imitative origin; cf. D.
<i>flappen</i>, E. <i>flap</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, flop, flippant,
fillip.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat with a flap; to
strike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet let me <i>flap</i> this bug with gilded
wings.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move, as something broad and flaplike;
as, to <i>flap</i> the wings; to let fall, as the brim of a
hat.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To flap in the mouth</b></col>, <cd>to taunt.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>W. Cartwright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
move as do wings, or as something broad or loose; to fly with wings
beating the air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The crows <i>flapped</i> over by twos and
threes.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fall and hang like a flap, as the brim
of a hat, or other broad thing.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flap"drag`on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A game in which the players catch raisins out burning brandy,
and swallow them blazing.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing thus caught and eaten.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cakes and ale, and <i>flapdragons</i> and mummer's
plays, and all the happy sports of Christians night.</blockquote>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flap"drag`on</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To swallow
whole, as a flapdragon; to devour.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>See how the sea <i>flapdragoned</i> it.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flap"-eared`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having broad,
loose, dependent ears.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flap"jack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fklat cake turned on the griddle while cooking; a griddlecake
or pacake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fried dough cake containing fruit; a
turnover.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Flap"-mouthed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
broad, hangling lips.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, flaps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Flipper</u>.</def> "The
<i>flapper</i> of a porpoise."  <i>Buckley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Flapper skate</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
European skate (<i>Raia intermedia</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flare</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flaring</u>.] [Cf. Norw. <i>flara</i> to blaze, flame, adorn with
tinsel, dial. Sw. <i>flasa upp</i>, and E. <i>flash</i>, or
<i>flacker</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To burn with an unsteady or
waving flame; as, the candle <i>flares</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shine out with a sudden and unsteady
light; to emit a dazzling or painfully bright light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To shine out with gaudy colors; to flaunt;
to be offensively bright or showy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With ribbons pendant, <i>flaring</i> about her
head.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be exposed to too much light.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Flaring</i> in sunshine all the day.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To open or spread outwards; to project
beyond the perpendicular; as, the sides of a bowl <i>flare</i>; the
bows of a ship <i>flare</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To flare up</b></col>, <cd>to become suddenly heated or
excited; to burst into a passion.</cd> [Colloq.]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
unsteady, broad, offensive light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spreading outward; as, the <i>flare</i>
of a fireplace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Leaf of lard.</def>
"Pig's <i>flare</i>."  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flare"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sudden burst
of anger or passion; an angry dispute.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Flar"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That flares; flaming or blazing unsteadily; shining out with a
dazzling light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His [the sun's] <i>flaring</i> beams.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Opening or speading outwards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flar"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flaring
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flash</hw> (fl&abreve;sh), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flashed</u> (fl&abreve;sht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Flashing</u>.] [Cf. OE.
<i>flaskien</i>, <i>vlaskien</i> to pour, sprinkle, dial. Sw.
<i>flasa</i> to blaze, E. <i>flush</i>, <i>flare</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To burst or break forth with a sudden and
transient flood of flame and light; as, the lighting <i>flashes</i>
vividly; the powder <i>flashed</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break forth, as a sudden flood of
light; to burst instantly and brightly on the sight; to show a
momentary brilliancy; to come or pass like a flash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Names which have <i>flashed</i> and thundered as the
watch words of unnumbered struggles.</blockquote>
<i>Talfourd.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The object is made to <i>flash</i> upon the eye of the
mind.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A thought <i>flashed</i> through me, which I clothed
in act.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To burst forth like a sudden flame; to
break out violently; to rush hastily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every hour<BR>
He <i>flashes</i> into one gross crime or other.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To flash in the pan</b></col>, <cd>to fail of success.
[Colloq.] See under <u>Flash</u>, a burst of light.</cd>
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Flash</u>, <u>Glitter</u>, <u>Gleam</u>,
<u>Glisten</u>, <u>Glister</u>.  <i>Flash</i> differs from
<i>glitter</i> and <i>gleam</i>, denoting a flood or wide extent of
light. The latter words may express the issuing of light from a small
object, or from a pencil of rays. <i>Flash</i> differs from other
words, also, in denoting suddenness of appearance and disappearance.
<i>Flashing</i> differs from <i>exploding</i> or <i>disploding</i> in
not being accompanied with a loud report. To <i>glisten</i>, or
<i>glister</i>, is to shine with a soft and fitful luster, as eyes
suffused with tears, or flowers wet with dew.</p>

<p><hw>Flash</hw> (fl&abreve;sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To send out in flashes; to cause to burst
forth with sudden flame or light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The chariot of paternal Deity,<BR>
<i>Flashing</i> thick flames.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To convey as by a flash; to light up, as
by a sudden flame or light; as, to <i>flash</i> a message along the
wires; to <i>flash</i> conviction on the mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Glass Making)</i> <def>To cover with a thin
layer, as objects of glass with glass of a different color. See
<u>Flashing</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To trick up in a showy manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Limning and <i>flashing</i> it with various
dyes.</blockquote> <i>A. Brewer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Perh. due to confusion between <i>flash</i> of
light and <i>plash</i>, <i>splash</i>.] <def>To strike and throw up
large bodies of water from the surface; to splash.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He rudely <i>flashed</i> the waves about.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Flashed glass</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Flashing</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flashes</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden
burst of light; a flood of light instantaneously appearing and
disappearing; a momentary blaze; as, a <i>flash</i> of
lightning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden and brilliant burst, as of wit or
genius; a momentary brightness or show.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>flash</i> and outbreak of a fiery
mind.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No striking sentiment, no <i>flash</i> of
fancy.</blockquote> <i>Wirt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The time during which a flash is visible;
an instant; a very brief period.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Persians and Macedonians had it for a
<i>flash</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A preparation of capsicum, burnt sugar,
etc., for coloring and giving a fictitious strength to
liquors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flash light</b></col>, or <col><b>Flashing
light</b></col>, <cd>a kind of light shown by lighthouses, produced
by the revolution of reflectors, so as to show a flash of light every
few seconds, alternating with periods of dimness.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Flash in the pan</b></col>, <cd>the
flashing of the priming in the pan of a flintlock musket without
discharging the piece; hence, sudden, spasmodic effort that
accomplishes nothing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flash</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Showy, but counterfeit; cheap, pretentious, and vulgar; as,
<i>flash</i> jewelry; <i>flash</i> finery.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wearing showy, counterfeit ornaments;
vulgarly pretentious; as, <i>flash</i> people; <i>flash</i> men or
women; -- applied especially to thieves, gamblers, and prostitutes
that dress in a showy way and wear much cheap jewelry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flash house</b></col>, <cd>a house frequented by flash
people, as thieves and whores; hence, a brothel.</cd> "A gang of
footpads, reveling with their favorite beauties at a <i>flash
house</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Slang or cant of thieves
and prostitutes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>flasche</i>,
<i>flaske</i>; cf. OF. <i>flache</i>, F. <i>flaque</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pool.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Haliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engineering)</i> <def>A reservoir and
sluiceway beside a navigable stream, just above a shoal, so that the
stream may pour in water as boats pass, and thus bear them over the
shoal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flash wheel</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a paddle wheel
made to revolve in a breast or curved water way, by which water is
lifted from the lower to the higher level.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flash"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A board
placed temporarily upon a milldam, to raise the water in the pond
above its usual level; a flushboard.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Flash"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, flashes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man of more appearance of wit than
reality.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
large sparoid fish of the Atlantic coast and all tropical seas
(<i>Lobotes Surinamensis</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
European red-backed shrike (<i>Lanius collurio</i>); -- called also
<i>flusher</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flash"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flashy
manner; with empty show.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flash"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being flashy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flash"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Engineering)</i> <def>The creation of an artifical flood by the
sudden letting in of a body of water; -- called also
<i>flushing</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Pieces of metal, built into
the joints of a wall, so as to lap over the edge of the gutters or to
cover the edge of the roofing; also, similar pieces used to cover the
valleys of roofs of slate, shingles, or the like. By extension, the
metal covering of ridges and hips of roofs; also, in the United
States, the protecting of angles and breaks in walls of frame houses
with waterproof material, tarred paper, or the like.  Cf.
<u>Filleting</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Glass Making)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The reheating of an article at the furnace aperture during
manufacture to restore its plastic condition; esp., the reheating of
a globe of crown glass to allow it to assume a flat shape as it is
rotated.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A mode of covering
transparent white glass with a film of colored glass.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Flashing point</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>that degree
of temperature at which a volatile oil gives off vapor in sufficient
quantity to burn, or flash, on the approach of a flame, used as a
test of the comparative safety of oils, esp. kerosene; a flashing
point of 100&deg; F. is regarded as a fairly safe standard. The
burning point of the oil is usually from ten to thirty degree above
the flashing point of its vapor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Dazzling for a moment; making a momentary show of brilliancy;
transitorily bright.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A little <i>flashy</i> and transient
pleasure.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fiery; vehement; impetuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A temper always <i>flashy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Showy; gay; gaudy; as, a <i>flashy</i>
dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Without taste or spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lean and <i>flashy</i> songs.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flask</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>flasce</i>,
<i>flaxe</i>; akin to D. <i>flesch</i>, OHG. <i>flasca</i>, G.
<i>flasche</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>flaska</i>, Dan. <i>flaske</i>, OF.
<i>flasche</i>, LL. <i>flasca</i>, <i>flasco</i>; of uncertain
origin; cf. L. <i>vasculum</i>, dim. of <i>vas</i> a vessel, Gr. &?;,
&?;, &?;.  Cf. <u>Flagon</u>, <u>Flasket</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small bottle-shaped vessel for holding fluids; as, a
<i>flask</i> of oil or wine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow-necked vessel of metal or glass,
used for various purposes; as of sheet metal, to carry gunpowder in;
or of wrought iron, to contain quicksilver; or of glass, to heat
water in, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bed in a gun carriage.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>The wooden or iron frame
which holds the sand, etc., forming the mold used in a foundry; it
consists of two or more parts; viz., the <i>cope</i> or top;
sometimes, the <i>cheeks</i>, or middle part; and the <i>drag</i>, or
bottom part. When there are one or more cheeks, the flask is called a
<i>three part flask</i>, <i>four part flask</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Erlenmeyer flask</b></col>, <cd>a thin glass flask, flat-
bottomed and cone-shaped to allow of safely shaking its contents
laterally without danger of spilling; -- so called from
<i>Erlenmeyer</i>, a German chemist who invented it.</cd> --
<col><b>Florence flask</b></col>. [From <i>Florence</i> in Italy.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Same as <u>Betty</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A glass flask, round or pear-shaped,
with round or flat bottom, and usually very thin to allow of heating
solutions.</cd> -- <col><b>Pocket flask</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
pocket dram bottle, often covered with metal or leather to protect it
from breaking.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flask"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W.
<i>fflasged</i> a vessel of straw or wickerwork, <i>fflasg</i> flask,
basket, and E. <i>flask</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long, shallow
basket, with two handles.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In which they gathered flowers to fill their
<i>flasket</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small flask.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vessel in which viands are served.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flat</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Flatter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Flattest</u> (?).]
[Akin to Icel. <i>flatr</i>, Sw. <i>flat</i>, Dan. <i>flad</i>, OHG.
<i>flaz</i>, and AS. <i>flet</i> floor, G. <i>fl&ouml;tz</i> stratum,
layer.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having an even and horizontal
surface, or nearly so, without prominences or depressions; level
without inclination; plane.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though sun and moon<BR>
Were in the <i>flat</i> sea sunk.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lying at full length, or spread out, upon
the ground; level with the ground or earth; prostrate; as, to lie
<i>flat</i> on the ground; hence, fallen; laid low; ruined;
destroyed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What ruins kingdoms, and lays cities
<i>flat</i>!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I feel . . . my hopes all <i>flat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Wanting relief;
destitute of variety; without points of prominence and striking
interest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A large part of the work is, to me, very
<i>flat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Tasteless; stale; vapid; insipid; dead;
as, fruit or drink <i>flat</i> to the taste.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Unanimated; dull; uninteresting; without
point or spirit; monotonous; as, a <i>flat</i> speech or
composition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How weary, stale, <i>flat</i>, and unprofitable<BR>
Seem to me all the uses of this world.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Lacking liveliness of commercial exchange
and dealings; depressed; dull; as, the market is
<i>flat</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Clear; unmistakable; peremptory; absolute;
positive; downright.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Flat</i> burglary as ever was
committed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A great tobacco taker too, -- that's
<i>flat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Below
the true pitch; hence, as applied to intervals, minor, or lower by a
half step; as, a <i>flat</i> seventh; A <i>flat</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not sharp or shrill; not acute; as, a
<i>flat</i> sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Sonant; vocal; --
applied to any one of the sonant or vocal consonants, as
distinguished from a nonsonant (or <i>sharp</i>) consonant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flat arch</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Arch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2. (<i>b</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Flat cap</b></col>, <cd>cap paper, not folded. See under
<u>Paper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flat chasing</b></col>, <cd>in fine art
metal working, a mode of ornamenting silverware, etc., producing
figures by dots and lines made with a punching tool.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Flat chisel</b></col>, <cd>a sculptor's
chisel for smoothing.</cd> -- <col><b>Flat file</b></col>, <cd>a file
wider than its thickness, and of rectangular section. See
<u>File</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flat nail</b></col>, <cd>a small, sharp-
pointed, wrought nail, with a flat, thin head, larger than a
tack.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Flat paper</b></col>, <cd>paper
which has not been folded.</cd> -- <col><b>Flat rail</b></col>, <cd>a
railroad rail consisting of a simple flat bar spiked to a
longitudinal sleeper.</cd> -- <col><b>Flat rods</b></col>
<i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>horizontal or inclined connecting rods, for
transmitting motion to pump rods at a distance.</cd> <i>Raymond.</i>
-- <col><b>Flat rope</b></col>, <cd>a rope made by plaiting instead
of twisting; gasket; sennit.</cd>  Some flat hoisting ropes, as for
mining shafts, are made by sewing together a number of ropes, making
a wide, flat band. <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Flat space</b></col>.
<i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See <i>Euclidian space</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flat
stitch</b></col>, <cd>the process of wood engraving.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>Flat tint</b></col> <i>(Painting)</i>, <cd>a coat of water
color of one uniform shade.</cd> -- <col><b>To fall flat</b></col>
(Fig.), <cd>to produce no effect; to fail in the intended effect; as,
his speech <i>fell flat</i>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Of all who fell by saber or by shot,<BR>
Not one <i>fell</i> half so <i>flat</i> as Walter Scott.</blockquote>
<i>Lord Erskine.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Flat</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a flat manner; directly; flatly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sin is <i>flat</i> opposite to the
Almighty.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>Without allowance
for accrued interest.</def> [Broker's Cant]</p>

<p><! p. 568 !></p>

<p><hw>Flat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
level surface, without elevation, relief, or prominences; an extended
plain; specifically, in the United States, a level tract along the
along the banks of a river; as, the Mohawk <i>Flats</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Envy is as the sunbeams that beat hotter upon a bank,
or steep rising ground, than upon a <i>flat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A level tract lying at little depth below
the surface of water, or alternately covered and left bare by the
tide; a shoal; a shallow; a strand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Half my power, this night<BR>
Passing these <i>flats</i>, are taken by the tide.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something broad and flat in form</def>;
as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A flat-bottomed boat, without keel, and
of small draught.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A straw hat, broad-
brimmed and low-crowned.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Railroad
Mach.)</i> <def>A car without a roof, the body of which is a platform
without sides; a platform car.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A
platform on wheel, upon which emblematic designs, etc., are carried
in processions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The flat part, or side, of anything; as,
the broad side of a blade, as distinguished from its edge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A floor, loft, or story in
a building; especially, a floor of a house, which forms a complete
residence in itself.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A horizontal vein or ore
deposit auxiliary to a main vein; also, any horizontal portion of a
vein not elsewhere horizontal.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A dull fellow; a simpleton; a
numskull.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Or if you can not make a speech,<BR>
Because you are a <i>flat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holmes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A character [&flat;] before
a note, indicating a tone which is a half step or semitone
lower.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A homaloid space or
extension.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flatted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flatting</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make flat; to
flatten; to level.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render dull, insipid, or spiritless; to
depress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Passions are allayed, appetites are
<i>flatted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To depress in tone, as a musical note;
especially, to lower in pitch by half a tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
become flat, or flattened; to sink or fall to an even surface.</def>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To fall form the
pitch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To flat out</b></col>, <cd>to fail from a promising
beginning; to make a bad ending; to disappoint expectations.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Flat"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any bird of the genus <i>Flatyrynchus</i>. They belong to the
family of flycatchers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boat with a
flat bottom and square ends; -- used for the transportation of bulky
freight, especially in shallow waters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"-bot`tomed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an
even lower surface or bottom; as, a <i>flat-bottomed</i>
boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"-cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of low-
crowned cap formerly worn by all classes in England, and continued in
London after disuse elsewhere; -- hence, a citizen of London.</def>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flat"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any fish of the family <i>Pleuronectid&aelig;</i>; esp., the
winter flounder (<i>Pleuronectes Americanus</i>). The flatfishes have
the body flattened, swim on the side, and have eyes on one side, as
the flounder, turbot, and halibut. See <u>Flounder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat" foot`</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A foot in which the
arch of the instep is flattened so that the entire sole of the foot
rests upon the ground; also, the deformity, usually congential,
exhibited by such a foot; splayfoot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"-foot`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a flat foot, with little or no arch of the
instep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Firm-footed; determined.</def> [Slang,
U.S.]
</p>

<p><hw>Flat"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized
by flatness of head, especially that produced by artificial means, as
a certain tribe of American Indians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"head`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A
Chinook Indian. See <u>Chinook</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
head with a flattened top; as, a <i>flat-headed</i> nail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"i`ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An iron with a
flat, smooth surface for ironing clothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>flare</i>,
<i>flatum</i> to blow.] <def>Producing wind; flatulent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>A. Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Flat</i>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> + adverbial suff. <i>-ling</i>.] <def>With the
flat side, as of a sword; flatlong; in a prostrate position.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flat"long</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With the
flat side downward; not edgewise.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flat manner;
evenly; horizontally; without spirit; dully; frigidly; peremptorily;
positively; plainly.</def> "He <i>flatly</i> refused his aid."
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that does the works of religion slowly,
<i>flatly</i>, and without appetite.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being flat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Eveness of surface; want of relief or
prominence; the state of being plane or level.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Want of vivacity or spirit; prostration;
dejection; depression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Want of variety or flavor; dullness;
insipidity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Depression of tone; the state of being
below the true pitch; -- opposed to <i>sharpness</i> or
<i>acuteness</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla*tour"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.] <def>A
flatterer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ten</hw> (fl&abreve;t"t'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flattened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Flattening</u>.] [From <u>Flat</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to an even
surface or one approaching evenness; to make flat; to level; to make
plane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw down; to bring to the ground; to
prostrate; hence, to depress; to deject; to dispirit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make vapid or insipid; to render
stale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To lower the pitch of; to
cause to sound less sharp; to let fall from the pitch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To flatten a sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to set it
more nearly fore-and-aft of the vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Flattening
oven</b></col>, <cd>in glass making, a heated chamber in which split
glass cylinders are flattened for window glass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ten</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become or grow
flat, even, depressed, dull, vapid, spiritless, or depressed below
pitch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ter</hw> (fl&abreve;t"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, makes flat or
flattens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal Working)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A flat-faced fulling hammer.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
drawplate with a narrow, rectangular orifice, for drawing flat
strips, as watch springs, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flattered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flattering</u>.] [OE. <i>flateren</i>, cf. OD. <i>flatteren</i>;
akin to G. <i>flattern</i> to flutter, Icel. <i>fla&?;ra</i> to fawn,
flatter: cf. F. <i>flatter</i>.  Cf. <u>Flitter</u>, <u>Flutter</u>,
<u>Flattery</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To treat with praise or
blandishments; to gratify or attempt to gratify the self-love or
vanity of, esp. by artful and interested commendation or attentions;
to blandish; to cajole; to wheedle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When I tell him he hates flatterers,<BR>
He says he does, being then most <i>flattered</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man that <i>flattereth</i> his neighbor, spreadeth a
net for his feet.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxix. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Others he <i>flattered</i> by asking their
advice.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise hopes in; to encourage or
favorable, but sometimes unfounded or deceitful,
representations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To portray too favorably; to give a too
favorable idea of; as, his portrait <i>flatters</i> him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use flattery or
insincere praise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If it may stand him more in stead to lie,<BR>
Say and unsay, feign, <i>flatter</i>, or adjure.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
flatters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most abject <i>flaterers</i> degenerate into the
greatest tyrants.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That flatters (in
the various senses of the verb); as, a <i>flattering</i>
speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lay not that <i>flattering</i> unction to your
soul.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>flattering</i> painter, who made it his care,<BR>
To draw men as they ought be, not as they are.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ter*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
flattery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flatteries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>flaterie</i>, OF.
<i>flaterie</i>, F. <i>flaterie</i>, fr. <i>flater</i> to flatter, F.
<i>flatter</i>; of uncertain origin. See <u>Flatter</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>The act or practice of flattering; the act of
pleasing by artful commendation or compliments; adulation; false,
insincere, or excessive praise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just praise is only a debt, but <i>flattery</i> is a
present.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Flattery</i> corrupts both the receiver and the
giver.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Adulation; compliment; obsequiousness. See
<u>Adulation</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Flat"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The process or operation of making flat, as a cylinder of glass
by opening it out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mode of painting,in which the paint,
being mixed with turpentine, leaves the work without gloss.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A method of preserving gilding
unburnished, by touching with size.</def>  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The process of forming metal into sheets
by passing it between rolls.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flatting coat</b></col>, <cd>a coat of paint so put on as
to have no gloss.</cd> -- <col><b>Flatting furnace</b></col>.
<cd>Same as <i>flattening oven</i>, under <u>Flatten</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Flatting mill</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A rolling
mill producing sheet metal; esp., in mints, the ribbon from which the
planchets are punched.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A mill in which
grains of metal are flatted by steel rolls, and reduced to metallic
dust, used for purposes of ornamentation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flat"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
flat.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Flat"u*lence</hw> (?), <hw>Flat"u*len*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>flatulence</i>.] <def>The state or
quality of being flatulent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"u*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>flatus</i> a
blowing, <i>flatus ventris</i> windiness, flatulence, fr.
<i>flare</i> to blow: cf. F. <i>flatulent</i>. See <u>Blow</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Affected with flatus or gases generated in
the alimentary canal; windy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Generating, or tending to generate, wind
in the stomach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vegetables abound more with a&euml;rial particles than
animal substances, and therefore are more
<i>flatulent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Turgid with flatus; as, a <i>flatulent</i>
tumor.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pretentious without substance or reality;
puffy; empty; vain; as, a <i>flatulent</i> vanity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is too <i>flatulent</i> sometimes, and sometimes
too dry.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flat"u*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
flatulent manner; with flatulence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat`u*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>flatuosit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Flatulence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flat"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>flatueux</i>.] <def>Windy; generating wind.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fla"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Flatuses</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Flatus</b></plw>. [L., fr.
<i>flare</i> to blow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A breath; a puff of
wind.</def>  <i>Clarke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wind or gas generated in the stomach or
other cavities of the body.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Articles for
the table, as china or silverware, that are more or less flat, as
distinguished from <i>hollow ware</i>.</def><BR>
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]</p>

<p><hw>Flat"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. or adv.</i></pos> <def>With
the flat side downward, or next to another object; not
edgewise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any worm belonging to the Plathelminthes; also, sometimes
applied to the planarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flaun"drish</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Flemish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Flaunt</hw> (fl&auml;nt or fl&add;nt; 277), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flaunted</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>. <u>Flaunting</u>.] [Cf. dial. G.
<i>flandern</i> to flutter, wave; perh. akin to E. <i>flatter</i>,
<i>flutter</i>.] <def>To throw or spread out; to flutter; to move
ostentatiously; as, a <i>flaunting</i> show.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>flaunt</i> about the streets in your new gilt
chariot.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>flaunts</i> in rags, one flutters in
brocade.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flaunt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To display
ostentatiously; to make an impudent show of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flaunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything displayed for
show.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In these my borrowed <i>flaunts</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flaunt"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flaunting
way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flau"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>flauto</i> a
flute See <u>Flute</u>.] <def>A player on the flute; a
flutist.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Flau"to</hw> (flou"t&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<def>A flute.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flaute piccolo</b></col> (&?;) [It., little flute], <cd>an
octave flute.</cd> -- <col><b>Flauto traverso</b></col> (&?;) [It.,
transverse flute], <cd>the German flute, held laterally, instead of
being played, like the old <i>fl&ucirc;te &agrave; bec</i>, with a
mouth piece at the end.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fla*van"i*line</hw> (? or ?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flavus</i> yellow + E. <i>aniline</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
yellow, crystalline, organic dyestuff,
C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>14</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, of artifical production.
It is a strong base, and is a complex derivative of aniline and
quinoline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla*ves"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flavescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>flavescere</i> to turn yellow.]
<def>Turning yellow; yellowish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla*vic"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flavicomus</i>; <i>flavus</i> yellow + <i>coma</i> hair.]
<def>Having yellow hair.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fla"vin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>flavus</i>
yellow.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow, vegetable dyestuff, resembling
quercitron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla"vine</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A yellow, crystalline, organic base,
C<sub>13</sub>H<sub>12</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O, obtained
artificially.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla"vol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>flavus</i>
yellow + <i>-oil</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow, crystalline
substance, obtained from anthraquinone, and regarded as a hydroxyl
derivative of it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla"vor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>fleur</i>,
<i>flaur</i> (two syllables), odor, cf. F. <i>fleurer</i> to emit an
odor, It. <i>flatore</i> a bad odor, prob. fr. L. <i>flare</i> to
bow, whence the sense of <i>exhalation</i>.  Cf. <u>Blow</u>.]
[Written also <i>flavour</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That quality
of anything which affects the smell; odor; fragrances; as, the
<i>flavor</i> of a rose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That quality of anything which affects the
taste; that quality which gratifies the palate; relish; zest; savor;
as, the <i>flavor</i> of food or drink.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which imparts to anything a peculiar
odor or taste, gratifying to the sense of smell, or the nicer
perceptions of the palate; a substance which flavors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That quality which gives character to any
of the productions of literature or the fine arts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla"vor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flavored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flavoring</u>.] <def>To give flavor to; to add something (as salt
or a spice) to, to give character or zest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla"vored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
distinct flavor; as, high-<i>flavored</i> wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla"vor*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
flavor; tasteless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fla"vor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imparting
flavor; pleasant to the taste or smell; sapid.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fla"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>flavus</i>.]
<def>Yellow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Flaw</hw> (fl&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>flai</i>,
<i>flaw</i> flake; cf. Sw. <i>flaga</i> flaw, crack, breach, flake,
D. <i>vlaag</i> gust of wind, Norw. <i>flage</i>, <i>flaag</i>, and
E. <i>flag</i> a flat stone.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crack or
breach; a gap or fissure; a defect of continuity or cohesion; as, a
<i>flaw</i> in a knife or a vase.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This heart<BR>
Shall break into a hundered thousand <i>flaws</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A defect; a fault; as, a <i>flaw</i> in
reputation; a <i>flaw</i> in a will, in a deed, or in a
statute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Has not this also its <i>flaws</i> and its dark
side?</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sudden burst of noise and disorder; a
tumult; uproar; a quarrel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And deluges of armies from the town<BR>
Came pouring in; I heard the mighty <i>flaw</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sudden burst or gust of wind of short
duration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Snow, and hail, and stormy gust and
<i>flaw</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like <i>flaws</i> in summer laying lusty
corn.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blemish; fault; imperfection; spot; speck.</p>

<p><hw>Flaw</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flawed</u> (fl&add;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Flawing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To crack; to
make flaws in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brazen caldrons with the frosts are
<i>flawed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break; to violate; to make of no
effect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>France hath <i>flawed</i> the league.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flaw"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
flaws.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flawn</hw> (fl&add;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>flaon</i>,
F. <i>flan</i>, LL. <i>flado</i>, fr. OHG. <i>flado</i>, G.
<i>fladen</i>, a sort of pancake; cf. Gr. &?; broad. See
<u>Place</u>.] <def>A sort of flat custard or pie.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flaw"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Flay</u>.]
<def>To scrape or pare, as a skin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flaw"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of flaws or cracks; broken; defective; faulty.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subject to sudden flaws or gusts of
wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flax</hw> (fl&abreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fleax</i>; akin to D. <i>vlas</i>, <i>OHG</i>. <i>flahs</i>, G.
<i>flachs</i>, and prob. to <i>flechten</i> to braid, plait,m twist,
L. <i>plectere</i> to weave, <i>plicare</i> to fold, Gr. &?; to
weave, plait. See <u>Ply</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant of the genus <i>Linum</i>, esp. the <i>L.
usitatissimum</i>, which has a single, slender stalk, about a foot
and a half high, with blue flowers. The fiber of the bark is used for
making thread and cloth, called <i>linen</i>, <i>cambric</i>,
<i>lawn</i>, <i>lace</i>, etc. Linseed oil is expressed from the
seed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The skin or fibrous part of the flax
plant, when broken and cleaned by hatcheling or combing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Earth flax</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>amianthus.</cd> --
<col><b>Flax brake</b></col>, <cd>a machine for removing the woody
portion of flax from the fibrous.</cd> -- <col><b>Flax
comb</b></col>, <cd>a hatchel, hackle, or heckle.</cd> --
<col><b>Flax cotton</b></col>, <cd>the fiber of flax, reduced by
steeping in bicarbonate of soda and acidulated liquids, and prepared
for bleaching and spinning like cotton.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Flax dresser</b></col>, <cd>one who breaks and swingles flax,
or prepares it for the spinner.</cd> -- <col><b>Flax mill</b></col>,
<cd>a mill or factory where flax is spun or linen manufactured.</cd>
-- <col><b>Flax puller</b></col>, <cd>a machine for pulling flax
plants in the field.</cd> -- <col><b>Flax wench</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A woman who spins flax.</cd> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A prostitute.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Mountain flax</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>amianthus.</cd> --
<col><b>New Zealand flax</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Flax-
plant</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flax"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of flax;
resembling flax or its fibers; of the color of flax; of a light soft
straw color; fair and flowing, like flax or tow; as, <i>flaxen</i>
thread; <i>flaxen</i> hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flax"-plant`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant in new Zealand (<i>Phormium tenax</i>), allied to the
lilies and aloes. The leaves are two inches wide and several feet
long, and furnish a fiber which is used for making ropes, mats, and
coarse cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flax"seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The seed of the
flax; linseed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flax"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Toadflax</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flax"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like flax;
flaxen.</def>  <i>Sir M. Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flay</hw> (fl&amacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flayed</u> (fl&amacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Flaying</u>.] [OE. <i>flean</i>, <i>flan</i>, AS.
<i>fle&aacute;n</i>; akin to D. <i>vlaen</i>, Icel. <i>fl&amacr;</i>,
Sw. <i>fl&aring;</i>, Dan. <i>flaae</i>, cf. Lith. <i>pleszti</i> to
tear, <i>plyszti</i>, v.i., to burst, tear; perh. akin to E.
<i>flag</i> a flat stone, <i>flaw</i>.] <def>To skin; to strip off
the skin or surface of; as, to <i>flay</i> an ox; to <i>flay</i> the
green earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With her nails<BR>
She 'll <i>flay</i> thy wolfish visage.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 569 !></p>

<p><hw>Flay"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strips off
the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flea</hw> (fl&emacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Flay</u>.] <def>To flay.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He will be <i>fleaed</i> first<BR>
And horse collars made of's skin.</blockquote> <i>J.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flea</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fle</i>, <i>flee</i>,
AS. <i>fle&aacute;</i>, <i>fle&aacute;h</i>; akin to D. <i>vtoo</i>,
OHG. <i>fl&omacr;h</i>, G. <i>floh</i>, Icel. <i>fl&omacr;</i>, Russ.
<i>blocha</i>; prob. from the root of E. <i>flee</i>. &radic;84. See
<u>Flee</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect belonging to the
genus Pulex, of the order Aphaniptera. Fleas are destitute of wings,
but have the power of leaping energetically. The bite is poisonous to
most persons. The human flea (<i>Pulex irritans</i>), abundant in
Europe, is rare in America, where the dog flea (<i>P. canis</i>)
takes its place. See <u>Aphaniptera</u>, and <u>Dog flea</u>. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A flea in the ear</b></col>, <cd>an unwelcome hint or
unexpected reply, annoying like a flea; an irritating repulse; as, to
put a <i>flea in one's ear</i>; to go away with <i>a flea in one's
ear</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Beach flea</b></col>, <col><b>Black
flea</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Beach</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flea"bane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>One of various plants, supposed to have efficacy in driving away
fleas. They belong, for the most part, to the genera <i>Conyza</i>,
<i>Erigeron</i>, and <i>Pulicaria</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flea"-bee`tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small beetle of the family
<i>Halticid&aelig;</i>, of many species. They have strong posterior
legs and leap like fleas. The turnip flea-beetle (<i>Phyllotreta
vittata</i>) and that of the grapevine (<i>Graptodera chalybea</i>)
are common injurious species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flea"-bite`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The bite of a flea, or the red spot caused by the
bite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trifling wound or pain, like that of the
bite of a flea.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flea"-bit`ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bitten by a flea; as, a <i>flea-bitten</i>
face.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>White, flecked with minute dots of bay or
sorrel; -- said of the color of a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleagh</hw> (fl&emacr;), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Fly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleak</hw> (fl&emacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flake; a
thread or twist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Little long <i>fleaks</i> or threads of
hemp.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light covering of
reeds, over which the main covering is laid, in thatching
houses.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flea"-louse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A jumping plant louse of the family
<i>Psyllid&aelig;</i>, of many species. That of the pear tree is
<i>Psylla pyri</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>flamme</i>, OF.
<i>flieme</i>, fr. LL. <i>flevotomum</i>, <i>phlebotomum</i>; cf. D.
<i>vlijm</i>. See <u>Phlebotomy</u>.] <i>(Surg. &amp; Far.)</i> <def>A
sharp instrument used for opening veins, lancing gums, etc.; a kind
of lancet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fleam tooth</b></col>, <cd>a tooth of a saw shaped like an
isosceles triangle; a peg tooth.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleam"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bloody;
clotted.</def> [Obs. or Prov.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Foamy bubbling of a <i>fleamy</i> brain.</blockquote>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flear</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fleer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flea"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An herb used in medicine (<i>Plantago Psyllium</i>), named from
the shape of its seeds.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fl&egrave;che</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fl&egrave;che</i>, prop., an arrow.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A simple
fieldwork, consisting of two faces forming a salient angle pointing
outward and open at the gorge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleck</hw> (fl&ebreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flake;
also, a lock, as of wool.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Martin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>flekkr</i>;
akin to Sw. <i>fl&auml;ck</i>, D. <i>vlek</i>, G. <i>fleck</i>, and
perh. to E. <i>flitch</i>.] <def>A spot; a streak; a speckle.</def>
"A sunny <i>fleck</i>."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Life is dashed with <i>flecks</i> of sin.</blockquote>
<i>tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flecked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flecking</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>flekka</i>, Sw. <i>fl&auml;cka</i>,
D. <i>vlekken</i>, <i>vlakken</i>, G. <i>flecken</i>. See
<u>Fleck</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To spot; to streak or
stripe; to variegate; to dapple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both <i>flecked</i> with white, the true Arcadian
strain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A bird, a cloud, <i>flecking</i> the sunny
air.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
fleck.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleck"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without spot or
blame.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My consnience will not count me
<i>fleckless</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Flexion</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of bending, or state of being
bent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The variation of words by declension,
comparison, or conjugation; inflection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flec"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of,
or pertaining to, flection or inflection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>flectional</i> word is a phrase in the
bud.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flec"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
flexor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fled</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Flee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fledge</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>flegge</i>,
<i>flygge</i>; akin to D. <i>vlug</i>, G. <i>fl&uuml;gge</i>,
<i>fl&uuml;cke</i>, OHG. <i>flucchi</i>, Icel. <i>fleygr</i>, and to
E. <i>fly</i>. &radic;84. See <u>Fly</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>Feathered; furnished with feathers or wings; able to
fly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His shoulders, <i>fledge</i> with wings.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fledge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fledged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fledging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with feathers;
to supply with the feathers necessary for flight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The birds were not as yet <i>fledged</i> enough to
shift for themselves.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish or adorn with any soft
covering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your master, whose chin is not yet
<i>fledged</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fledge"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young bird
just fledged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flee</hw> (fl&emacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fled</u> (fl&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fleeing</u>.] [OE. <i>fleon</i>, <i>fleen</i>, AS.
<i>fle&oacute;n</i> (<i>imperf</i>. <i>fle&aacute;h</i>); akin to D.
<i>vlieden</i>, OHG. &amp; OS. <i>fliohan</i>, G. <i>fliehen</i>, Icel.
<i>fl&ymacr;ja</i> (imperf. <i>fl&ymacr;&eth;i</i>), Dan.
<i>flye</i>, Sw. <i>fly</i> (imperf. <i>flydde</i>), Goth.
<i>&thorn;liuhan</i>. &radic;84.  Cf. <u>Flight</u>.] <def>To run
away, as from danger or evil; to avoid in an alarmed or cowardly
manner; to hasten off; -- usually with <i>from</i>. This is sometimes
omitted, making the verb transitive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] cowardly <i>fled</i>, not having struck one
stroke.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Flee</i> fornication.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. vi.
18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>fled</i> his enemies my warlike
father.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; When great speed is to be indicated, we commonly use
<i>fly</i>, not <i>flee</i>; as, <i>fly</i> hence to France with the
utmost speed. "Whither shall I <i>fly</i> to 'scape their hands?"
<i>Shak.</i> See <u>Fly</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 5.</p>

<p><hw>Fleece</hw> (fl&emacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>flees</i>, AS. <i>fle&oacute;s</i>; akin to D. <i>flies</i>,
<i>vlies</i> .] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The entire coat of wool that
covers a sheep or other similar animal; also, the quantity shorn from
a sheep, or animal, at one time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who shore me<BR>
Like a tame wether, all my precious <i>fleece</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any soft woolly covering resembling a
fleece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Manuf.)</i> <def>The fine web of cotton or
wool removed by the doffing knife from the cylinder of a carding
machine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fleece wool</b></col>, <cd>wool shorn from the sheep.</cd>
-- <col><b>Golden fleece</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Golden</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fleece</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fleeced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fleecing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of a fleece, or
natural covering of wool.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strip of money or other property
unjustly, especially by trickery or fraud; to bring to straits by
oppressions and exactions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whilst pope and prince shared the wool betwixt them,
the people were finely <i>fleeced</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spread over as with wool.</def> [R.]
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleeced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with a fleece; as, a sheep is well
<i>fleeced</i>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stripped of a fleece; plundered;
robbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleece"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
fleece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flee"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fleeces
or strips unjustly, especially by trickery or fraund.</def>
<i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flee"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with, made
of, or resembling, a fleece.</def> "<i>Fleecy</i> flocks."
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def><pos><i>Obs.
pl.</i></pos> of <u>Flea</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fle"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
flees.</def>  <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleer</hw> (?), [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fleered</u>
(&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Fleering</u>.] [OE.
<i>flerien</i>; cf. Scot. <i>fleyr</i>, Norw. <i>flira</i> to titter,
giggle, laugh at nothing, MHG. <i>vlerre</i>, <i>vlarre</i>, a wide
wound.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a wry face in contempt, or to
grin in scorn; to deride; to sneer; to mock; to gibe; as, to
<i>fleer</i> and flout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>fleer</i> and scorn at our
solemnity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grin with an air of civility; to
leer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Grinning and <i>fleering</i> as though they went to a
bear baiting.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mock; to flout
at.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
word or look of derision or mockery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And mark the <i>fleers</i>, the gibes, and notable
scorn.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grin of civility; a leer.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A sly, treacherous <i>fleer</i> on the face of
deceivers.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleer"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
fleers.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleer"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fleering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fleeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fleeting</u>.] [OE. <i>fleten</i>, <i>fleoten</i>, to swim, AS.
<i>fle&oacute;tan</i> to swim, float; akin to D. <i>vlieten</i> to
flow, OS. <i>fliotan</i>, OHG. <i>fliozzan</i>, G. <i>fliessen</i>,
Icel. <i>flj&omacr;ta</i> to float, flow, Sw. <i>flyta</i>, D.
<i>flyde</i>, L. <i>pluere</i> to rain, Gr. &?; to sail, swim, float,
Skr. <i>plu</i> to swim, sail. &radic;84.  Cf. <u>Fleet</u>,
<pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos>, <u>Float</u>, <u>Pluvial</u>,
<u>Flow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sail; to float.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And in frail wood on Adrian Gulf doth
<i>fleet</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fly swiftly; to pass over quickly; to
hasten; to flit as a light substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the unaccomplished works of Nature's hand, . . .
<BR>
Dissolved on earth, <i>fleet</i> hither.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To slip on the whelps or
the barrel of a capstan or windlass; -- said of a cable or
hawser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass over rapidly; to skin the surface of; as, a ship that
<i>fleets</i> the gulf.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hasten over; to cause to pass away
lighty, or in mirth and joy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many young gentlemen flock to him, and <i>fleet</i>
the time carelessly.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To draw
apart the blocks of; -- said of a tackle.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To cause to slip down the barrel of a
capstan or windlass, as a rope or chain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleet</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Fleeter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Fleetest</u>.] [Cf.
Icel. <i>flj&?;tr</i> quick. See <u>Fleet</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Swift in motion; moving with
velocity; light and quick in going from place to place;
nimble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In mail their horses clad, yet <i>fleet</i> and
strong.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Light; superficially thin; not penetrating
deep, as soil.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>flete</i>,
<i>fleote</i>, AS. <i>fle&oacute;t</i> ship, fr.
<i>fle&oacute;tan</i> to float, swim. See <u>Fleet</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> and cf. <u>Float</u>.] <def>A number of vessels in
company, especially war vessels; also, the collective naval force of
a country, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fleet captain</b></col>, <cd>the senior aid of the admiral
of a fleet, when a captain.</cd>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fle&oacute;t</i> a
place where vessels float, bay, river; akin to D. <i>vliet</i> rill,
brook, G. <i>fliess</i>. See <u>Fleet</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flood; a creek or inlet; a bay or estuary;
a river; -- obsolete, except as a place name, -- as <i>Fleet</i>
Street in London.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Together wove we nets to entrap the fish<BR>
In floods and sedgy <i>fleets</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matthewes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A former prison in London, which
originally stood near a stream, the <i>Fleet</i> (now filled
up).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fleet parson</b></col>, <cd>a clergyman of low character,
in, or in the vicinity of, the Fleet prison, who was ready to unite
persons in marriage (called <i>Fleet marriage</i>) at any hour,
without public notice, witnesses, or consent of parents.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fleet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fl&emacr;t</i>
cream, fr. <i>fle&oacute;tan</i> to float. See <u>Fleet</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To take the cream from; to skim.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleet"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fleeted or
skimmed milk.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Fleeten face</b></col>, <cd>a face of the color of
fleeten, <i>i. e.</i>, blanched; hence, a coward.</cd> "You know
where you are, you <i>fleeten face</i>."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleet"-foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Swift of
foot.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleet"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Passing swiftly
away; not durable; transient; transitory; as, the <i>fleeting</i>
hours or moments.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Evanescent; ephemeral. See <u>Transient</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fleet"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fleeting
manner; swiftly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleet"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A mixture
of buttermilk and boiling whey; curds.</def> [prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleet"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fleet manner;
rapidly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleet"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Swiftness;
rapidity; velocity; celerity; speed; as, the <i>fleetness</i> of a
horse or of time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleigh</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Fly</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fleme</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fl&emacr;man</i>, <i>fl&ymacr;man</i>.] <def>To banish; to drive
out; to expel.</def> [Obs.] "Appetite <i>flemeth discretion</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flem"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, banishes or expels.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flem"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Flanders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flem"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
Flanders, or the Flemings.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
language or dialect spoken by the Flemings; also, collectively, the
people of Flanders.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flemish accounts</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>short or
deficient accounts.</cd> [Humorous] <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i> --
<col><b>Flemish beauty</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a well known
pear. It is one of few kinds which have a red color on one side.</cd>
-- <col><b>Flemish bond</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Bond</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</cd> -- <col><b>Flemish
brick</b></col>, <cd>a hard yellow paving brick.</cd> --
<col><b>Flemish coil</b></col>, <cd>a flat coil of rope with the end
in the center and the turns lying against, without riding over, each
other.</cd> -- <col><b>Flemish eye</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an
eye formed at the end of a rope by dividing the strands and lying
them over each other.</cd> -- <col><b>Flemish horse</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an additional footrope at the end of a
yard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flench</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Flence</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flense</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>flense</i>, D. <i>vlensen</i>, <i>vlenzen</i>, Scot.
<i>flinch</i>.] <def>To strip the blubber or skin from, as from a
whale, seal, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>the <i>flensed</i> carcass of a fur seal.</blockquote>
<i>U. S. Census (1880).</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>flesch</i>,
<i>flesc</i>, AS. <i>fl&?;sc</i>; akin to OFries. <i>fl&amacr;sk</i>,
D. <i>vleesch</i>, OS. <i>fl&?;sk</i>, OHG. <i>fleisc</i>, G.
<i>fleisch</i>, Icel. &amp; Dan. <i>flesk</i> lard, bacon, pork, Sw.
<i>fl&auml;sk</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The aggregate of the
muscles, fat, and other tissues which cover the framework of bones in
man and other animals; especially, the muscles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In composition it is mainly albuminous, but contains in
adition a large number of crystalline bodies, such as creatin,
xanthin, hypoxanthin, carnin, etc. It is also rich in phosphate of
potash.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Animal food, in distinction from
vegetable; meat; especially, the body of beasts and birds used as
food, as distinguished from <i>fish</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With roasted <i>flesh</i>, or milk, and wastel
bread.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The human body, as distinguished from the
soul; the corporeal person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As if this <i>flesh</i>, which walls about our
life,<BR>
Were brass impregnable.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The human eace; mankind;
humanity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>flesh</i> had corrupted his way upon the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Gen. vi. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Human nature</def>: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>In a good sense, tenderness of feeling; gentleness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no <i>flesh</i> in man's obdurate
heart.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a bad sense, tendency to transient or
physical pleasure; desire for sensual gratification; carnality.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The character under the
influence of animal propensities or selfish passions; the soul
unmoved by spiritual influences.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Kindred; stock; race.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is our brother and our <i>flesh</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xxxvii. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The soft, pulpy substance of fruit; also,
that part of a root, fruit, and the like, which is fit to be
eaten.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Flesh</i> is often used adjectively or self-explaining
compounds; as, <i>flesh</i> broth or <i>flesh</i>-broth; <i>flesh</i>
brush or <i>fleshbrush</i>; <i>flesh</i> tint or <i>flesh</i>-tint;
<i>flesh</i> wound.</p>

<p><col><b>After the flesh</b></col>, <cd>after the manner of man; in
a gross or earthly manner.</cd> "Ye judge <i>after the flesh</i>."
<i>John viii. 15.</i> -- <col><b>An arm of flesh</b></col>, <cd>human
strength or aid.</cd> -- <col><b>Flesh and blood</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Blood</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flesh broth</b></col>, <cd>broth
made by boiling flesh in water.</cd> -- <col><b>Flesh fly</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several species of flies whose
larv&aelig; or maggots feed upon flesh, as the bluebottle fly; --
called also <i>meat fly</i>, <i>carrion fly</i>, and <i>blowfly</i>.
See <u>Blowly</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flesh meat</b></col>, <cd>animal
food.</cd> <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Flesh side</b></col>, <cd>the
side of a skin or hide which was next to the flesh; -- opposed to
<i>grain side</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flesh tint</b></col>
<i>(Painting)</i>, <cd>a color used in painting to imitate the hue of
the living body.</cd> -- <col><b>Flesh worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any insect larva of a flesh fly. See
<i>Flesh fly</i> (above).</cd> -- <col><b>Proud flesh</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Proud</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To be one
flesh</b></col>, <cd>to be closely united as in marriage; to become
as one person.</cd> <i>Gen. ii. 24.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fleshed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fleshing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feed with flesh, as an
incitement to further exertion; to initiate; -- from the practice of
training hawks and dogs by feeding them with the first game they
take, or other flesh. Hence, to use upon flesh (as a murderous
weapon) so as to draw blood, especially for the first time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full bravely hast thou <i>fleshed</i><BR>
Thy maiden sword.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wild dog<BR>
Shall <i>flesh</i> his tooth on every innocent.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To glut; to satiate; hence, to harden, to
accustom.</def> "<i>Fleshed</i> in triumphs."  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Old soldiers<BR>
<i>Fleshed</i> in the spoils of Germany and France.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Leather Manufacture)</i> <def>To remove
flesh, membrance, etc., from, as from hides.</def></p>

<p><! p. 570 !></p>

<p><hw>Fleshed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Corpulent; fat; having flesh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Glutted; satiated; initiated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fleshed</i> with slaughter.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A butcher.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>flesher</i> on a block had laid his whittle
down.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A two-handled, convex, blunt-edged knife,
for scraping hides; a fleshing knife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
condition of having a form of flesh; incarnation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou, who hast thyself<BR>
Endured this <i>fleshhood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being fleshy; plumpness; corpulence; grossness.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Flesh-
colored tights, worn by actors and dancers.</def>  <i>D.
Jerrold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of flesh;
lean.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being fleshly; carnal passions and appetites.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
devoted to fleshly things.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"ly</hw> (-l&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fl&aemacr;scl&imacr;c</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the flesh; corporeal.</def> "<i>Fleshly</i> bondage."
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Animal; not vegetable.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Human; not celestial; not spiritual or
divine.</def> "<i>Fleshly</i> wisdom."  <i>2 Cor. i. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Much ostentation vain of <i>fleshly</i> arm<BR>
And fragile arms.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Carnal; wordly; lascivious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abstain from fleshly lusts, which war against the
soul.</blockquote> <i>1 Pet. ii. 11.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fleshly
manner; carnally; lasciviously.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
fleshing, or the excitement attending a successful beginning.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fl&aemacr;sc mangere</i>.] <def>One who deals in flesh; hence, a
pimp; a procurer; a pander.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pot or vessel
in which flesh is cooked</def>; hence (<i>pl.</i>), <def>plenty; high
living.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the land of Egypt . . . we sat by the
<i>fleshpots</i>, and . . . did eat bread to the full.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xvi. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"quake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quaking or
trembling of the flesh; a quiver.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flesh"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Fleshier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Fleshiest</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of, or composed of, flesh; plump; corpulent; fat;
gross.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sole of his foot is fleshy.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Human.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Fleshy</i>
tabernacle."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Composed of firm pulp;
succulent; as, the houseleek, cactus, and agave are <i>fleshy</i>
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flet</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Fleet</u>.
<def>Skimmed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fletch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fletched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fletching</u>.] [F. <i>fl&egrave;che</i> arrow.] <def>To feather,
as an arrow.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Congress] <i>fletched</i> their complaint, by adding:
"America loved his brother."</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fletch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>flechier</i>.] <def>One who fletches or feathers arrows; a
manufacturer of bows and arrows.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flete</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Fleet</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To float; to swim.</def> [Obs.]
"Whether I sink or <i>flete</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fle*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fletifer</i>; <i>fletus</i> a weeping (from <i>flere</i>,
<i>fletum</i>, to weep) + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Producing
tears.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fleur`-de-lis`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fleurs-de-lis</b></plw> (#). [F., flower of the lily.  Cf.
<u>Flower-de-luce</u>, <u>Lily</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The iris. See <u>Flower-de-luce</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A conventional flower suggested by the
iris, and having a form which fits it for the terminal decoration of
a scepter, the ornaments of a crown, etc. It is also a heraldic
bearing, and is identified with the royal arms and adornments of
France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleur"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>fleuri</i>
covered with flowers, p. p. of <i>fleurir</i>. See <u>Flourish</u>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Finished at the ends with fleurs-de-lis; -- said
esp. of a cross so decorated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flew</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Fly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flewed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having large
flews.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flews</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The pendulous or
overhanging lateral parts of the upper lip of dogs, especially
prominent in hounds; -- called also <i>chaps</i>. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Bloodhound</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flex</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flexed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flexing</u>.] [L. <i>flexus</i>, p. p. of <i>flectere</i> to bend,
perh. <i>flectere</i> and akin to <i>falx</i> sickle, E.
<i>falchion</i>.  Cf. <u>Flinch</u>.] <def>To bend; as, to
<i>flex</i> the arm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flex</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Flax.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flex*an"i*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flexanimus</i>; <i>flectere</i>, <i>flexum</i>, to bend +
<i>animus</i> mind.] <def>Having power to change the mind.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flex`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flexibilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>flexibilite</i>.] <def>The state or
quality of being flexible; flexibleness; pliancy; pliability; as, the
<i>flexibility</i> of strips of hemlock, hickory, whalebone or metal,
or of rays of light.</def>  <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>flexibility</i> of a veteran
courtier.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flex"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flexibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>flexible</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being flexed or bent; admitting of being turned,
bowed, or twisted, without breaking; pliable; yielding to pressure;
not stiff or brittle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the splitting wind<BR>
Makes <i>flexible</i> the knees of knotted oaks.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Willing or ready to yield to the influence
of others; not invincibly rigid or obstinate; tractable; manageable;
ductile; easy and compliant; wavering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Phocion was a man of great severity, and no ways
<i>flexible</i> to the will of the people.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Women are soft, mild, pitiful, and
<i>flexible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Capable or being adapted or molded;
plastic,; as, a <i>flexible</i> language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This was a principle more <i>flexible</i> to their
purpose.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pliant; pliable; supple; tractable; manageable;
ductile; obsequious; inconstant; wavering.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Flex"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Flex"i*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Flex`i*cos"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flexus</i> bent + E. <i>costate</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having
bent or curved ribs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flex"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>flexilis</i>.]
<def>Flexible; pliant; pliable; easily bent; plastic;
tractable.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flex"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>flexio</i>: cf.
F. <i>flexion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of flexing or
bending; a turning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bending; a part bent; a fold.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Syntactical change of form
of words, as by declension or conjugation; inflection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Express the syntactical relations by
<i>flexion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The bending of a limb or
joint; that motion of a joint which gives the distal member a
continually decreasing angle with the axis of the proximal part; --
distinguished from <i>extension</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flex"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A muscle which bends or flexes any part; as, the <i>flexors</i>
of the arm or the hand; -- opposed to <i>extensor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flex"u*ose`</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Flexuous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flex"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flexuosus</i>, fr. <i>flexus</i> a bending, turning.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having turns, windings, or
flexures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having alternate curvatures
in opposite directions; bent in a zigzag manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wavering; not steady; flickering.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flex"u*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Flexure</u>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or resulting from, flexure;
of the nature of, or characterized by, flexure; as, <i>flexural</i>
elasticity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flex"ure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flexura</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of flexing or
bending; a turning or curving; flexion; hence, obsequious bowing or
bending.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will it give place to <i>flexure</i> and low
bending?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A turn; a bend; a fold; a curve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Varying with the <i>flexures</i> of the valley through
which it meandered.</blockquote> <i>British Quart. Rev.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The last joint, or
bend, of the wing of a bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The small distortion of
an astronomical instrument caused by the weight of its parts; the
amount to be added or substracted from the observed readings of the
instrument to correct them for this distortion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The flexure of a curve</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the
bending of a curve towards or from a straight line.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flib"ber*gib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sycophant.</def> [Obs. &amp; Humorous.] "Flatterers and
<i>flibbergibs</i>."  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flib"ber*ti*gib`bet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
imp.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fli`bus`tier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
buccaneer; an American pirate. See <u>Filibuster</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Flick</hw> (fl&ibreve;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flicked</u> (fl&ibreve;kt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Flicking</u>.] [Cf.
<i>Flicker</i>.] <def>To whip lightly or with a quick jerk; to flap;
as, to <i>flick</i> a horse; to <i>flick</i> the dirt from
boots.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flitch; as, a
<i>flick</i> of bacon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flick"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flickered</u> (-&etilde;rd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Flickering</u>.] [OE.
<i>flikeren</i>, <i>flekeren</i>, to flutter, AS. <i>flicerian</i>,
<i>flicorian</i>, cf. D. <i>flikkeren</i> to sparkle. &radic;84.  Cf.
<i>Flacker</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To flutter; to flap the
wings without flying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>flickering</i> on her nest made short essays to
sing.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To waver unsteadily, like a flame in a
current of air, or when about to expire; as, the <i>flickering</i>
light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shadows <i>flicker</i> to fro.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flick"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of wavering or of fluttering; fluctuation; sudden and
brief increase of brightness; as, the last <i>flicker</i> of the
dying flame.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The golden-winged
woodpecker (<i>Colaptes aurutus</i>); -- so called from its spring
note. Called also <i>yellow-hammer</i>, <i>high-holder</i>, <i>pigeon
woodpecker</i>, and <i>yucca</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cackle of the <i>flicker</i> among the
oaks.</blockquote> <i>Thoureau.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flick"ering*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
flickering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flick"er*mouse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Flittermouse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flidge</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fledged;
fledge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flidge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become fledged;
to fledge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every day build their nests, every hour
<i>flidge</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. Greene.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fli"er</hw> (fl&imacr;"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Form
<u>Fly</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>; cf. <u>Flyer</u>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who flies or flees; a runaway; a
fugitive.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A fly. See <u>Fly</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9, and 13 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Spinning)</i> <def>See <u>Flyer</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Flyer</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flight</hw> (fl&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fliht</i>, <i>flyht</i>, a flying, fr. <i>fle&oacute;gan</i> to
fly; cf. <i>flyht</i> a fleeing, fr. <i>fle&oacute;n</i> to flee, G.
<i>flucht</i> a fleeing, Sw. <i>flykt</i>, G. <i>flug</i> a flying,
Sw. <i>flygt</i>, D. <i>vlugt</i> a fleeing or flying, Dan.
<i>flugt</i>. &radic;84.  See <u>Flee</u>, <u>Fly</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of flying; a passing through the air
by the help of wings; volitation; mode or style of flying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the night owl's lazy <i>flight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of fleeing; the act of running
away, to escape danger or expected evil; hasty departure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pray ye that your <i>flight</i> be not in the
winter.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxiv. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fain by <i>flight</i> to save themselves.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lofty elevation and excursion; a mounting;
a soaring; as, a <i>flight</i> of imagination, ambition,
folly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Could he have kept his spirit to that
<i>flight</i>,<BR>
<i>He had been happy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His highest <i>flights</i> were indeed far below those
of Taylor.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A number of beings or things passing
through the air together; especially, a flock of birds flying in
company; the birds that fly or migrate together; the birds produced
in one season; as, a <i>flight</i> of arrows.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Swift <i>flights</i> of angels
ministrant.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a <i>flight</i> of fowl<BR>
Scattered winds and tempestuous gusts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A series of steps or stairs from one
landing to another.</def>  <i>Parker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A kind of arrow for the longbow; also, the
sport of shooting with it. See <u>Shaft</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Challenged Cupid at the <i>flight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not a <i>flight</i> drawn home<BR>
E'er made that haste that they have.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The husk or glume of oats.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i>

</p>

<p><col><b>Flight feathers</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
wing feathers of a bird, including the quills, coverts, and bastard
wing. See <u>Bird</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To put to flight</b></col>,
<col><b>To turn to flight</b></col>, <cd>to compel to run away; to
force to flee; to rout.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pair; set. See <u>Pair</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Flight"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Taking flight; flying; -- used in composition.</def> "Drowsy-
<i>flighted</i> steeds."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Feathered; -- said of
arrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flight"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Brewing)</i>
<def>A horizontal vane revolving over the surface of wort in a
cooler, to produce a circular current in the liquor.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flight"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flighty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flight"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being flighty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>flightness</i> of her temper.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Levity; giddiness; volatility; lightness; wildness;
eccentricity. See <u>Levity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Flight"-shot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The distance
to which an arrow or flight may be shot; bowshot, -- about the fifth
of a mile.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Within a <i>flight-shot</i> it inthe
valley.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Half a <i>flight-shot</i> from the king's
oak.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flight"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fleeting; swift; transient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>flighty</i> purpose never is o'ertook,<BR>
Unless the deed go with it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indulging in flights, or wild and
unrestrained sallies, of imagination, humor, caprice, etc.; given to
disordered fancies and extravagant conduct; volatile; giddy;
eccentric; slighty delirious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Proofs of my <i>flighty</i> and paradoxical turn of
mind.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A harsh disciplinarian and a <i>flighty</i>
enthusiast.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Harford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flim"flam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Flam</u>.]
<def>A freak; a trick; a lie.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flim"si*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flimsy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flim"si*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being flimsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flim"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Flimsier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Flimsiest</u>.] [Cf. W. <i>llymsi</i>
naked, bare, empty, sluggish, spiritless.  Cf. <u>Limsy</u>.]
<def>Weak; feeble; limp; slight; vain; without strength or solidity;
of loose and unsubstantial structure; without reason or plausibility;
as, a <i>flimsy</i> argument, excuse, objection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Proud of a vast extent of <i>flimsy</i>
lines.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>flimsy</i> furniture of a country miss's
brain.</blockquote> <i>Sheridan.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Weak; feeble; superficial; shallow; vain.</p>

<p><hw>Flim"sy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Thin or transfer paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bank note.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Flinch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flinched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flinching</u>.] [Prob. fr. OE. <i>flecchen</i> to waver, give way,
F. <i>fl&eacute;chir</i>, fr. L. <i>flectere</i> to bend; but prob.
influenced by E. <i>blench</i>.  Cf. <u>Flex</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To withdraw from any suffering or undertaking, from pain or
danger; to fail in doing or perserving; to show signs of yielding or
of suffering; to shrink; to wince; as, one of the parties
<i>flinched</i> from the combat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A child, by a constant course of kindness, may be
accustomed to bear very rough usage without <i>flinching</i> or
complaining.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Croquet)</i> <def>To let the foot slip from
a ball, when attempting to give a tight croquet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flinch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
flinching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flinch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who flinches
or fails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flinch"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flinching
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flin"der*mouse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE.
<i>vlindre</i> moth (cf. D. <i>vlinder</i> butterfly) + E.
<i>mouse</i>.  Cf. <u>Flittermouse</u>, <u>Flinders</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bat; a flittermouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flin"ders</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Scot.
<i>flenders</i>, <i>flendris</i>; perh. akin to E. <i>flutter</i>;
cf. D. <i>flenters</i> rags, broken pieces.] <def>Small pieces or
splinters; fragments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tough ash spear, so stout and true,<BR>
Into a thousand <i>flinders</i> flew.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fling</hw> (fl&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flung</u> (fl&ubreve;ng);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Flinging</u>.] [OE.
<i>flingen</i>, <i>flengen</i>, to rush, hurl; cf. Icel.
<i>flengia</i> to whip, ride furiously, OSw. <i>flenga</i> to strike,
Sw. <i>fl&auml;nga</i> to romp, Dan. <i>flenge</i> to slash.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cast, send, to throw from the hand; to
hurl; to dart; to emit with violence as if thrown from the hand; as,
to <i>fing</i> a stone into the pond.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is Fate that <i>flings</i> the dice: and, as she
<i>flings</i>,<BR>
Of kings makes peasants, and of peasants kings.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . like Jove, his lighting
<i>flung</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know thy generous temper well.<BR>
<i>Fling</i> but the appearance of dishonor on it,<BR>
It straight takes fire.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shed forth; to emit; to
scatter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun begins to <i>fling</i><BR>
His flaring beams.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every beam new transient colors
<i>flings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw; to hurl; to throw off or down;
to prostrate; hence, to baffle; to defeat; as, to <i>fling</i> a
party in litigation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His horse started, <i>flung</i> him, and fell upon
him.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><! p. 571 !></p>

<p><col><b>To fling about</b></col>, <cd>to throw on all sides; to
scatter.</cd> -- <col><b>To fling away</b></col>, <cd>to reject; to
discard.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Cromwell, I charge thee, <i>fling away</i>
ambition.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>--<col><b>To fling down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
throw to the ground; esp., to throw in defiance, as formerly knights
cast a glove into the arena as a challenge.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>This question so <i>flung down</i> before the guests,
. . . <BR>
Was handed over by consent of all<BR>
To me who had not spoken.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To overturn; to demolish; to ruin.</cd> --
<col><b>To fling in</b></col>, <cd>to throw in; not to charge in an
account; as, in settling accounts, one party <i>flings in</i> a small
sum, or a few days' work.</cd> -- <col><b>To fling off</b></col>,
<cd>to baffle in the chase; to defeat of prey; also, to get rid
of.</cd> <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To fling open</b></col>, <cd>to
throw open; to open suddenly or with violence; as, <i>to fling
open</i> a door.</cd> -- <col><b>To fling out</b></col>, <cd>to
utter; to speak in an abrupt or harsh manner; as, <i>to fling out</i>
hard words against another.</cd> -- <col><b>To fling up</b></col>,
<cd>to relinquish; to abandon; as, <i>to fling up</i> a
design.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fling</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To throw; to wince; to flounce; as, the horse began to kick and
<i>fling</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cast in the teeth; to utter abusive
language; to sneer; as, the scold began to flout and
<i>fling</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw one's self in a violent or hasty
manner; to rush or spring with violence or haste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And crop-full, out of doors he
<i>flings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>flung</i> closer to his breast,<BR>
As sword that, after battle, <i>flings</i> to sheath.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fling out</b></col>, <cd>to become ugly and
intractable; to utter sneers and insinuations.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
cast from the hand; a throw; also, a flounce; a kick; as, the
<i>fling</i> of a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A severe or contemptuous remark; an
expression of sarcastic scorn; a gibe; a sarcasm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I, who love to have a <i>fling</i>,<BR>
Both at senate house and king.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of dance; as, the Highland
<i>fling</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A trifing matter; an object of
contempt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>England were but a <i>fling</i><BR>
Save for the crooked stick and the gray goose wing.</blockquote>
<i>Old Proverb.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To have one's fling</b></col>, <cd>to enjoy one's self to
the full; to have a season of dissipation.</cd> <i>J. H. Newman.</i>
"When I was as young as you, I <i>had my fling</i>. I led a life of
pleasure." <i>D. Jerrold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fling"dust`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who kicks
up the dust; a streetwalker; a low manner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fling"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who flings;
one who jeers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>flint</i>, akin
to Sw. <i>flinta</i>, Dan. <i>flint</i>; cf. OHG. <i>flins</i> flint,
G. <i>flinte</i> gun (cf. E. <i>flint</i>lock), perh. akin to Gr. &?;
brick.  Cf. <u>Plinth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
massive, somewhat impure variety of quartz, in color usually of a
gray to brown or nearly black, breaking with a conchoidal fracture
and sharp edge. It is very hard, and strikes fire with
steel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of flint for striking fire; --
formerly much used, esp. in the hammers of gun locks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything extremely hard, unimpressible,
and unyielding, like flint.</def> "A heart of <i>flint</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Flint age</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Stone
age</i>, under <u>Stone</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flint brick</b></col>,
<cd>a fire made principially of powdered silex.</cd> -- <col><b>Flint
glass</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Flint
implements</b></col> <i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i>, <cd>tools, etc.,
employed by men before the use of metals, such as axes, arrows,
spears, knives, wedges, etc., which were commonly made of flint, but
also of granite, jade, jasper, and other hard stones.</cd> --
<col><b>Flint mill</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Pottery)</i>
<cd>A mill in which flints are ground.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mining)</i> <cd>An obsolete appliance for lighting the miner at
his work, in which flints on a revolving wheel were made to produce a
shower of sparks, which gave light, but did not inflame the fire
damp.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Flint stone</b></col>, <cd>a
hard, siliceous stone; a flint.</cd> -- <col><b>Flint wall</b></col>,
<cd>a kind of wall, common in England, on the face of which are
exposed the black surfaces of broken flints set in the mortar, with
quions of masonry.</cd> -- <col><b>Liquor of flints</b></col>, <cd>a
solution of silica, or flints, in potash.</cd> -- <col><b>To skin a
flint</b></col>, <cd>to be capable of, or guilty of, any expedient or
any meanness for making money.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Flint" glass`</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A soft, heavy,
brilliant glass, consisting essentially of a silicate of lead and
potassium. It is used for tableware, and for optical instruments, as
prisms, its density giving a high degree of dispersive power; -- so
called, because formerly the silica was obtained from pulverized
flints. Called also <i>crystal glass</i>.  Cf.
<u>Glass</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The concave or diverging half on an achromatic lens is
usually made of <i>flint glass</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Flint"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hard-
hearted.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flint"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being flinty; hardness; cruelty.</def>  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flint"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A lock for a gun or pistol, having a flint fixed in the hammer,
which on striking the steel ignites the priming.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hand firearm fitted with a flintlock;
esp., the old-fashioned musket of European and other
armies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flint"ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A superior
kind of earthenware into whose composition flint enters
largely.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flint"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An Australian name for the very hard wood of the <i>Eucalyptus
piluralis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flint"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Flintier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Flintiest</u>.] <def>Consisting of,
composed of, abounding in, or resembling, flint; as, a <i>flinty</i>
rock; <i>flinty</i> ground; a <i>flinty</i> heart.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flinty rock</b></col>, or <col><b>Flinty state</b></col>,
<cd>a siliceous slate; -- basanite is here included. See
<u>Basanite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E. <i>flip</i>
nimble, flippant, also, a slight blow.  Cf. <u>Flippant</u>.] <def>A
mixture of beer, spirit, etc., stirred and heated by a hot
iron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flip dog</b></col>, <cd>an iron used, when heated, to warm
flip.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flipping</u>.] <def>To toss or fillip; as, to <i>flip</i> up a
cent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As when your little ones<BR>
Do 'twixt their fingers <i>flip</i> their cherry stones.</blockquote>
<i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn inside
out, or with the leg part back over the foot, as a stocking in
pulling off or for putting on.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Flip"-flap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Flip</u>,
and <u>Flap</u>.] <def>The repeated stroke of something long and
loose.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flip"-flap`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With repeated
strokes and noise, as of something long and loose.</def>
<i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flip"pan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[See
<u>Flippant</u>.] <def>The state or quality of being
flippant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>flippancy</i> of language.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Hurd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flip"pant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>flip</i>
to move nimbly; cf. W. <i>llipa</i> soft, limber, pliant, or Icel.
<i>fleipa</i> to babble, prattle.  Cf. <u>Flip</u>, <u>Fillip</u>,
<u>Flap</u>, <u>Flipper</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of smooth,
fluent, and rapid speech; speaking with ease and rapidity; having a
voluble tongue; talkative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It becometh good men, in such cases, to be
<i>flippant</i> and free in their speech.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Speaking fluently and confidently, without
knowledge or consideration; empty; trifling; inconsiderate; pert;
petulant.</def> "<i>Flippant</i> epilogues."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To put <i>flippant</i> scorn to the
blush.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sort of <i>flippant</i>, vain
discourse.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flip"pant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flippant
person.</def> [R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flip"pant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flippant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flip"pant*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or
quality of being flippant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Flip</u>,
<u>Flippant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A broad
flat limb used for swimming, as those of seals, sea turtles, whales,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The hand.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Flirt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flirted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flirting</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>fleard</i> trifle, folly,
<i>fleardian</i> to trifle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw with a
jerk or quick effort; to fling suddenly; as, they <i>flirt</i> water
in each other's faces; he <i>flirted</i> a glove, or a
handkerchief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To toss or throw about; to move playfully
to and fro; as, to <i>flirt</i> a fan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To jeer at; to treat with contempt; to
mock.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am ashamed; I am scorned; I am
<i>flirted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flirt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
run and dart about; to act with giddiness, or from a desire to
attract notice; especially, to play the coquette; to play at
courtship; to coquet; as, they <i>flirt</i> with the young
men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter contemptuous language, with an
air of disdain; to jeer or gibe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flirt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sudden jerk; a quick throw or cast; a darting motion; hence, a
jeer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Several little <i>flirts</i> and
vibrations.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With many a <i>flirt</i> and flutter.</blockquote>
<i>E. A. Poe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. LG. <i>flirtje</i>, G. <i>flirtchen</i>.
See <u>Flirt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>One who flirts; esp.,
a woman who acts with giddiness, or plays at courtship; a coquette; a
pert girl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Several young <i>flirts</i> about town had a design to
cast us out of the fashionable world.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flirt</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pert; wanton.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Flir*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Playing at courtship; coquetry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>flirtations</i> and jealousies of our ball
rooms.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flirt"-gill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman of
light behavior; a gill-flirt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You heard him take me up like a <i>flirt-
gill</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flirt"i*gig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wanton, pert
girl.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Flirt"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flirting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flisk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To frisk; to
skip; to caper.</def> [Obs. Scot.] "The <i>flisking</i> flies."
<i>Gosson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flisk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A caper; a spring; a
whim.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Flit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flitted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flitting</u> (?).] [OE. <i>flitten</i>, <i>flutten</i>, to carry
away; cf. Icel. <i>flytja</i>, Sw. <i>flytta</i>, Dan. <i>flytte</i>.
&radic;84.  Cf. <u>Fleet</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move with celerity through the air; to fly
away with a rapid motion; to dart along; to fleet; as, a bird
<i>flits</i> away; a cloud <i>flits</i> along.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A shadow <i>flits</i> before me.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To flutter; to rove on the wing.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass rapidly, as a light substance,
from one place to another; to remove; to migrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It became a received opinion, that the souls of men,
departing this life, did <i>flit</i> out of one body into some
other.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To remove from one place or habitation to
another.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright. Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be unstable; to be easily or often
moved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the free soul to <i>flitting</i> air
resigned.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flit</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nimble; quick; swift.
[Obs.] See <u>Fleet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flitch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flitches</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>flicche</i>, <i>flikke</i>,
AS. <i>flicce</i>, akin to Icel. <i>flikki</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>fl&imacr;k</i> flap, tatter; perh. akin to E. <i>fleck</i>.  Cf.
<u>Flick</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The side
of a hog salted and cured; a side of bacon.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of several planks, smaller timbers, or
iron plates, which are secured together, side by side, to make a
large girder or built beam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The outside piece of a sawed log; a
slab.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Flite</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fl&imacr;tan</i> to strive, contend, quarrel; akin to G.
<i>fleiss</i> industry.] <def>To scold; to quarrel.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
flutter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To flutter; to
move quickly; as, to <i>flitter</i> the cards.</def> [R.]
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>flitter</i>
spangle, tinsel, <i>flittern</i> to make a tremulous motion, to
glitter.  Cf. <u>Flitter</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A rag; a
tatter; a small piece or fragment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flit"ter*mouse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Flitter</i>, v.i. + <i>mouse</i>; cf. G. <i>fledermaus</i>, OHG.
<i>fledarm&umacr;s</i>.  Cf. <u>Flickermouse</u>,
<u>Flindermouse</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bat; -- called also
<i>flickermouse</i>, <i>flindermouse</i>, and
<i>flintymouse</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flit"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A term applied
to the bark obtained from young oak trees.</def>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flit"ti*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Flitty</u>.] <def>Unsteadiness; levity; lightness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hopkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flit"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A flying with lightness and celerity; a fluttering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A removal from one habitation to
another.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A neighbor had lent his cart for the <i>flitting</i>,
and it was now standing loaded at the door, ready to move
away.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flit"ting*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flitting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flit"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Flit</u>.]
<def>Unstable; fluttering.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Flax</u>.]
<def>Down; fur.</def> [Obs. or Eng.]  <i>J. Dyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flix</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The flux;
dysentery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Flix weed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the <i>Sisymbrium
Sophia</i>, a kind of hedge mustard, formerly used as a remedy for
dysentery.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flo</hw> (fl&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flon</b></plw> (fl&omacr;n). [AS. <i>fl&amacr;</i>,
<i>fl&amacr;n</i>.] <def>An arrow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Float</hw> (fl&omacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>flote</i>
ship, boat, fleet, AS. <i>flota</i> ship, fr. <i>fle&oacute;tan</i>
to float; akin to D. <i>vloot</i> fleet, G. <i>floss</i> raft, Icel.
<i>floti</i> float, raft, fleet, Sw. <i>flotta</i>. &radic; 84. See
<u>Fleet</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Flotilla</u>,
<u>Flotsam</u>, <u>Plover</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything
which floats or rests on the surface of a fluid, as to sustain
weight, or to indicate the height of the surface, or mark the place
of, something.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mass of
timber or boards fastened together, and conveyed down a stream by the
current; a raft.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The hollow, metallic
ball of a self-acting faucet, which floats upon the water in a
cistern or boiler.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The cork or quill
used in angling, to support the bait line, and indicate the bite of a
fish.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Anything used to buoy up
whatever is liable to sink; an inflated bag or pillow used by persons
learning to swim; a life preserver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This reform bill . . . had been used as a <i>float</i>
by the conservative ministry.</blockquote> <i>J. P. Peters.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A float board. See <i>Float board</i>
(below).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Tempering)</i> <def>A contrivance for
affording a copious stream of water to the heated surface of an
object of large bulk, as an anvil or die.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of flowing; flux; flow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A quantity of earth, eighteen feet square
and one foot deep.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Plastering)</i> <def>The trowel or tool
with which the floated coat of plastering is leveled and
smoothed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A polishing block used in marble working;
a runner.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A single-cut file for smoothing; a tool
used by shoemakers for rasping off pegs inside a shoe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A coal cart.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The sea; a wave. See <u>Flote</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Float board</b></col>, <cd>one of the boards fixed
radially to the rim of an undershot water wheel or of a steamer's
paddle wheel; -- a vane.</cd> -- <col><b>Float case</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a caisson used for lifting a ship.</cd> --
<col><b>Float</b></col> <col><b>copper or gold</b></col>
<i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>fine particles of metallic copper or of gold
suspended in water, and thus liable to be lost.</cd> -- <col><b>Float
ore</b></col>, <cd>water-worn particles of ore; fragments of vein
material found on the surface, away from the vein outcrop.</cd>
<i>Raymond.</i> -- <col><b>Float stone</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>a siliceous stone used to rub stonework or brickwork to a smooth
surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Float valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve or cock
acted upon by a float. See <u>Float</u>, 1
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Float</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Floated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Floating</u>.] [OE. <i>flotien</i>, <i>flotten</i>, AS.
<i>flotian</i> to float, swim, fr. <i>fle&oacute;tan</i>. See
<u>Float</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rest
on the surface of any fluid; to swim; to be buoyed up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ark no more now <i>floats</i>, but seems on
ground.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Three blustering nights, borne by the southern
blast,<BR>
I <i>floated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move quietly or gently on the water, as
a raft; to drift along; to move or glide without effort or impulse on
the surface of a fluid, or through the air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They stretch their broad plumes and <i>float</i> upon
the wind.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There seems a <i>floating</i> whisper on the
hills.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Float</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to float; to cause to rest or move on the surface of a fluid;
as, the tide <i>floated</i> the ship into the harbor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had <i>floated</i> that bell on the Inchcape
rock.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To flood; to overflow; to cover with
water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Proud Pactolus <i>floats</i> the fruitful
lands.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Plastering)</i> <def>To pass over and level
the surface of with a float while the plastering is kept
wet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To support and sustain the credit of, as a
commercial scheme or a joint-stock company, so as to enable it to go
into, or continue in, operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Float"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
floated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Float"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Flotage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Float*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Flotation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Float"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who floats or swims.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A float for indicating the height of a
liquid surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Float"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Buoyed upon or in a fluid; a, the <i>floating</i> timbers of a
wreck; <i>floating</i> motes in the air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free or lose from the usual attachment;
as, the <i>floating</i> ribs in man and some other animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not funded; not fixed, invested, or
determined; as, <i>floating</i> capital; a <i>floating</i>
debt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trade was at an end. <i>Floating</i> capital had been
withdrawn in great masses from the island.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Floating anchor</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a drag or
sea anchor; drag sail.</cd> -- <col><b>Floating battery</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a battery erected on rafts or the hulls of ships,
chiefly for the defense of a coast or the bombardment of a
place.</cd> -- <col><b>Floating bridge</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A bridge consisting of rafts or timber, with a floor of plank,
supported wholly by the water; a bateau bridge.</cd> See
<u>Bateau</u>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>A kind of double
bridge, the upper one projecting beyond the lower one, and capable of
being moved forward by pulleys; -- used for carrying troops over
narrow moats in attacking the outworks of a fort.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of ferryboat which is guided and
impelled by means of chains which are anchored on each side of a
stream, and pass over wheels on the vessel, the wheels being driven
by stream power.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>The landing platform of
a ferry dock.</cd> -- <col><b>Floating cartilage</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a cartilage which moves freely in the cavity of a
joint, and often interferes with the functions of the latter.</cd> --
<col><b>Floating dam</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An anchored
dam.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A caisson used as a gate for a dry
dock.</cd> -- <col><b>Floating derrick</b></col>, <cd>a derrick on a
float for river and harbor use, in raising vessels, moving stone for
harbor improvements, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Floating dock</b></col>.
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Dock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Floating
harbor</b></col>, <cd>a breakwater of cages or booms, anchored and
fastened together, and used as a protection to ships riding at anchor
to leeward.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Floating heart</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small aquatic plant (<i>Limnanthemum
lacunosum</i>) whose heart-shaped leaves float on the water of
American ponds.</cd> -- <col><b>Floating island</b></col>, <cd>a dish
for dessert, consisting of custard with floating masses of whipped
cream or white of eggs.</cd> -- <col><b>Floating kidney</b></col>.
<i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <i>Wandering kidney</i>, under
<u>Wandering</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Floating light</b></col>, <cd>a
light shown at the masthead of a vessel moored over sunken rocks,
shoals, etc., to warn mariners of danger; a light-ship; also, a light
erected on a buoy or floating stage.</cd> -- <col><b>Floating
liver</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <i>Wandering liver</i>, under
<u>Wandering</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Floating pier</b></col>, <cd>a
landing stage or pier which rises and falls with the tide.</cd> --
<col><b>Floating ribs</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the lower or
posterior ribs which are not connected with the others in front; in
man they are the last two pairs.</cd> -- <col><b>Floating
screed</b></col> <i>(Plastering)</i>, <cd>a strip of plastering first
laid on, to serve as a guide for the thickness of the coat.</cd> --
<col><b>Floating threads</b></col> <i>(Weaving)</i>, <cd>threads
which span several other threads without being interwoven with them,
in a woven fabric.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 572 !></p>

<p><hw>Float"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Weaving)</i> <def>Floating threads. See <i>Floating threads</i>,
above.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The second coat of three-coat
plastering.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Float"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a floating
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Float"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Swimming on the
surface; buoyant; light.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flo"bert</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A
small cartridge designed for target shooting; -- sometimes called
<i>ball cap</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flobert rifle</b></col>, <cd>a rifle adapted to the use of
floberts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Floc`cil*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>floccus</i> a flock of wool.  Cf. <u>Flock</u> of wool.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A delirious picking of bedclothes by a sick
person, as if to pick off flocks of wool; carphology; -- an alarming
symptom in acute diseases.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Floc*cose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>floccosus</i>.  Cf. 2d <u>Flock</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Spotted with small tufts like wool.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having tufts of soft hairs,
which are often deciduous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floc"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the flocculus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floc"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flocculated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flocculating</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>To aggregate into small
lumps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floc"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Furnished with tufts of curly hairs, as some
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floc`cu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>The process by which small particles of fine soils and sediments
aggregate into larger lumps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floc"cu*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being flocculent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floc"cu*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Flock</u>
of wool.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Clothed with small flocks or
flakes; woolly.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Applied to the down of
newly hatched or unfledged birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Floc"cu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flocculi</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>floccus</i> a
lock or flock of wool.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A small lobe in the under
surface of the cerebellum, near the middle peduncle; the
subpeduncular lobe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Floc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flocci</b></plw> (#). [L., a flock of wool.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
tuft of hair terminating the tail of mammals.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tuft of feathers on the head of young
birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A woolly filament sometimes
occuring with the sporules of certain fungi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>flocc</i> flock,
company; akin to Icel. <i>flokkr</i> crowd, Sw. <i>flock</i>, Dan.
<i>flok</i>; prob. orig. used of flows, and akin to E. <i>fly</i>.
See <u>Fly</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A company or collection of
living creatures; -- especially applied to sheep and birds, rarely to
persons or (except in the plural) to cattle and other large animals;
as, a <i>flock</i> of ravenous fowl.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The heathen . . . came to Nicanor by
<i>flocks</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Macc. xiv. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Christian church or congregation;
considered in their relation to the pastor, or minister in
charge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As half amazed, half frighted all his
<i>flock</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flock</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flocked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flocking</u>.] <def>To gather in companies or crowds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Friends daily <i>flock</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Flocking fowl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
greater scaup duck.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To flock to; to
crowd.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Good fellows, trooping, <i>flocked</i> me
so.</blockquote> <i>Taylor (1609).</i></p>

<p><hw>Flock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>flokke</i>; cf. D.
<i>vlok</i>, G. <i>flocke</i>, OHG. <i>floccho</i>, Icel.
<i>fl&omacr;ki</i>, perh. akin to E. <i>flicker</i>, <i>flacker</i>,
or cf. L. <i>floccus</i>, F. <i>floc</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
lock of wool or hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I prythee, Tom, beat Cut's saddle, put a few
<i>flocks</i> in the point [pommel].</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Woolen or cotton refuse (<pos><i>sing. or
pl.</i></pos>), old rags, etc., reduced to a degree of fineness by
machinery, and used for stuffing unpholstered furniture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Very fine, sifted, woolen refuse,
especially that from shearing the nap of cloths, used as a coating
for wall paper to give it a velvety or clothlike appearance; also,
the dust of vegetable fiber used for a similar purpose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flock bed</b></col>, <cd>a bed filled with flocks or locks
of coarse wool, or pieces of cloth cut up fine.</cd> "Once a <i>flock
bed</i>, but repaired with straw." <i>Pope.</i> -- <col><b>Flock
paper</b></col>, <cd>paper coated with flock fixed with glue or
size.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To coat with flock,
as wall paper; to roughen the surface of (as glass) so as to give an
appearance of being covered with fine flock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flock"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lamb.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Brome (1659).</i></p>

<p><hw>Flock"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In flocks; in
crowds.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Flock"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>flocm&?;lum</i>. See <u>Meal</u> part.] <def>In a flock; in a
body.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>flockmel</i> on a day they to him
went.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flock"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with flocks;
floccose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floe</hw> (fl&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>flag</i> af iis, iis<i>flage</i>, Sw. <i>flaga</i>, <i>flake</i>,
is<i>flaga</i>, is<i>flake</i>. See <u>Flag</u> a flat stone.] <def>A
low, flat mass of floating ice.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Floe rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a seal
(<i>Phoca f&oelig;tida</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flog</hw> (fl&obreve;g), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flogged</u> (fl&obreve;gd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Flogging</u> (-g&ibreve;ng).] [Cf. Scot. <i>fleg</i>
blow, stroke, kick, AS. <i>flocan</i> to strike, or perh. fr. L.
<i>flagellare</i> to whip.  Cf. <u>Flagellate</u>.] <def>To beat or
strike with a rod or whip; to whip; to lash; to chastise with
repeated blows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flog"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who flogs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of mallet for beating the bung
stave of a cask to start the bung.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flog"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>from
<u>Flog</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Flogging chisel</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a large cold
chisel, used in chipping castings.</cd> -- <col><b>Flogging
hammer</b></col>, <cd>a small sledge hammer used for striking a
flogging chisel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Flo</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flong</hw> (? or ?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Fling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>flod</i> a
flowing, stream, flood, AS. <i>fl&omacr;d</i>; akin to D.
<i>vloed</i>, OS. <i>fl&omacr;d</i>, OHG. <i>fluot</i>, G.
<i>flut</i>, Icel. <i>fl&omacr;&eth;</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>flod</i>,
Goth. <i>fl&omacr;dus</i>; from the root of E. <i>flow</i>.
&radic;80.  See <u>Flow</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A great flow of water; a body of moving
water; the flowing stream, as of a river; especially, a body of
water, rising, swelling, and overflowing land not usually thus
covered; a deluge; a freshet; an inundation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A covenant never to destroy<BR>
The earth again by <i>flood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The flowing in of the tide; the
semidiurnal swell or rise of water in the ocean; -- opposed to
<i>ebb</i>; as, young <i>flood</i>; high <i>flood</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a tide in the affairs of men,<BR>
Which, taken at the <i>flood</i>, leads on to fortune.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A great flow or stream of any fluid
substance; as, a <i>flood</i> of light; a <i>flood</i> of lava;
hence, a great quantity widely diffused; an overflowing; a
superabundance; as, a <i>flood</i> of bank notes; a <i>flood</i> of
paper currency.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Menstrual disharge; menses.</def>
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Flood anchor</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>, the anchor by
which a ship is held while the tide is rising.</cd> -- <col><b>Flood
fence</b></col>, <cd>a fence so secured that it will not be swept
away by a flood.</cd> -- <col><b>Flood gate</b></col>, <cd>a gate for
shutting out, admitting, or releasing, a body of water; a tide
gate.</cd> -- <col><b>Flood mark</b></col>, <cd>the mark or line to
which the tide, or a flood, rises; high-water mark.</cd> --
<col><b>Flood tide</b></col>, <cd>the rising tide; -- opposed to
<i>ebb tide</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>The Flood</b></col>, <cd>the deluge
in the days of Noah.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flood</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flooded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flooding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To overflow; to inundate;
to deluge; as, the swollen river <i>flooded</i> the valley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause or permit to be inundated; to
fill or cover with water or other fluid; as, to <i>flood</i> arable
land for irrigation; to fill to excess or to its full capacity; as,
to <i>flood</i> a country with a depreciated currency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flood"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inundation.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flood"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who floods
anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flood"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The filling or
covering with water or other fluid; overflow; inundation; the filling
anything to excess.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An abnormal or excessive
discharge of blood from the uterus.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flook</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fluke of an
anchor.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Flook"an</hw> (?), <hw>Flu"kan</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>See
<u>Flucan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flook"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fluky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fl&?;r</i>; akin
to D. <i>vloer</i>, G. <i>flur</i> field, floor, entrance hall, Icel.
<i>fl&?;r</i> floor of a cow stall, cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>lar</i> floor,
ground, earth, W. <i>llawr</i>, perh. akin to L. <i>planus</i> level.
Cf. <u>Plain</u> smooth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The bottom or lower
part of any room; the part upon which we stand and upon which the
movables in the room are supported.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The structure formed of beams, girders,
etc., with proper covering, which divides a building horizontally
into stories. <i>Floor</i> in sense 1 is, then, the upper surface of
<i>floor</i> in sense 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The surface, or the platform, of a
structure on which we walk or travel; as, the <i>floor</i> of a
bridge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A story of a building. See
<u>Story</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Legislative Assemblies)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The part of the house assigned to the
members.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The right to speak.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p>&fist; Instead of <i>he has the floor</i>, the English say, <i>he
is in possession of the house</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That part of the bottom of
a vessel on each side of the keelson which is most nearly
horizontal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
rock underlying a stratified or nearly horizontal deposit.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A horizontal, flat ore body.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Floor cloth</b></col>, <cd>a heavy fabric, painted,
varnished, or saturated, with waterproof material, for covering
floors; oilcloth.</cd> -- <col><b>Floor cramp</b></col>, <cd>an
implement for tightening the seams of floor boards before nailing
them in position.</cd> -- <col><b>Floor light</b></col>, <cd>a frame
with glass panes in a floor.</cd> -- <col><b>Floor plan</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <cd>A longitudinal section,
showing a ship as divided at the water line.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>A horizontal section, showing the thickness of the
walls and partitions, arrangement of passages, apartments, and
openings at the level of any floor of a house.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Floor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Floored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flooring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a floor; to
furnish with a floor; as, to <i>floor</i> a house with pine
boards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike down or lay level with the
floor; to knock down; hence, to silence by a conclusive answer or
retort; as, to <i>floor</i> an opponent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Floored</i> or crushed by him.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To finish or make an end of; as, to
<i>floor</i> a college examination.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I've <i>floored</i> my little-go work.</blockquote>
<i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Floor"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Floor
space.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floor"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything that
floors or upsets a person, as a blow that knocks him down; a
conclusive answer or retort; a task that exceeds one's
abilities.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Floor"heads`</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The upper extermities of the floor of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floor"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A platform; the
bottom of a room; a floor; pavement. See <u>Floor</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Material for the construction of a floor
or floors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floor"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
floor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floor"walk`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
walks about in a large retail store as an overseer and
director.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Flop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flopping</u>.] [A variant of <i>flap</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To clap or strike, as a bird its wings, a fish its tail, etc.;
to flap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn suddenly, as something broad and
flat.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To strike about with something broad and flat, as a fish with
its tail, or a bird with its wings; to rise and fall; as, the brim of
a hat <i>flops</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fall, sink, or throw one's self,
heavily, clumsily, and unexpectedly on the ground.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of flopping.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>W. H. Russell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flop"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Having a tendency
to flop or flap; as, a <i>floppy</i> hat brim.</def>  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flop"wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The lapwing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the goddess of
flowers, from <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower. See <u>Flower</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Myth.)</i> <def>The goddess of flowers
and spring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The complete system of
vegetable species growing without cultivation in a given locality,
region, or period; a list or description of, or treatise on, such
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Floralis</i>
belonging to <i>Flora</i>: cf. F. <i>floral</i>. See <u>Flora</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to Flora, or to flowers; made of
flowers; as, <i>floral</i> games, wreaths.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Containing, or belonging to,
a flower; as, a <i>floral</i> bud; a <i>floral</i> leaf;
<i>floral</i> characters.</def>  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Floral envelope</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the calyx and
corolla, one or the other of which (mostly the corolla) may be
wanting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flo"ral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a floral
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo"ra*mour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>flos</i>,
<i>floris</i>, flower + <i>amor</i>love.] <def>The plant love-lies-
bleeding.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flo"ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Tin ore scarcely perceptible in the stone; tin ore stamped very
fine.</def>  <i>Pryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Flo`r&eacute;al"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>flor&eacute;al</i>, fr. L. <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower.]
<def>The eight month of the French republican calendar. It began
April 20, and ended May 19. See <u>Vend&eacute;miare</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flor"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>florenus</i>.
See <u>Florin</u>.] <def>A cerain gold coin; a Florence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flor"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the city of
<i>Florence</i>: cf. F. <i>florence</i> a kind of cloth, OF.
<i>florin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ancient gold coin of the
time of Edward III., of six shillings sterling value.</def>
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cloth.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Florence flask</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Flask</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Florence oil</b></col>, <cd>olive oil prepared in
Florence.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flor"en*tine</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Florentinus</i>, fr. <i>Florentia</i> Florence: cf. F.
<i>florentin</i>.] <def>Belonging or relating to Florence, in
Italy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Florentine mosaic</b></col>, <cd>a mosaic of hard or
semiprecious stones, often so chosen and arranged that their natural
colors represent leaves, flowers, and the like, inlaid in a
background, usually of black or white marble.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flor"en*tine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Florence, a city in Italy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of silk.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of pudding or tart; a kind of meat
pie.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Stealing custards, tarts, and
<i>florentines</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flo*res"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Florescent</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A bursting into flower; a
blossoming.</def>  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flo*res"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>florescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>florescere</i> begin to blossom,
incho. fr. <i>florere</i> to blossom, fr. <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>,
flower. See <u>Flower</u>.] <def>Expanding into flowers;
blossoming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo"ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>florete</i>, F.
<i>fleurette</i>, dim. of OF. <i>lor</i>, F. <i>fleur</i>. See
<u>Flower</u>, and cf. <u>Floweret</u>, 3d <u>Ferret</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A little flower; one of the
numerous little flowers which compose the head or anthodium in such
flowers as the daisy, thistle, and dandelion.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>fleuret</i>.] <def>A foil; a blunt sword
used in fencing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flo"ri*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>flos</i>,
<i>floris</i>, flower.] <def>Bloom; blossom.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flo"ri*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Having floral ornaments; as, <i>floriated</i> capitals of Gothic
pillars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo*ric"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>flos</i>,
<i>floris</i>, flower + <i>coma</i> hair.] <def>Having the head
adorned with flowers.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Flo`ri*cul"tur*al</hw> (? or ?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to the cultivation of flowering plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo"ri*cul`ture</hw> (? or ?; 135, 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower + <i>cultura</i> culture.]
<def>The cultivation of flowering plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo`ri*cul"tur*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in the cultivation of flowers; a florist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flor"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>floridus</i>,
fr. <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower. See <u>Flower</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered with flowers; abounding in flowers;
flowery.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fruit from a pleasant and <i>florid</i>
tree.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bright in color; flushed with red; of a
lively reddish color; as, a <i>florid</i> countenance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Embellished with flowers of rhetoric;
enriched to excess with figures; excessively ornate; as, a
<i>florid</i> style; <i>florid</i> eloquence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Flowery; ornamental; running
in rapid melodic figures, divisions, or passages, as in variations;
full of fioriture or little ornamentations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flor"i*da bean"</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The large, roundish, flattened seed of <i>Mucuna urens</i>. See
under <u>Bean</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the very
large seeds of the <i>Entada scandens</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Flo*rid"e*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from L. <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, a flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
subclass of alg&aelig; including all the red or purplish seaweeds;
the Rhodosperme&aelig; of many authors; -- so called from the rosy or
florid color of most of the species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo*rid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being florid; floridness.</def>  <i>Floyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flor"id*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a florid
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flor"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being florid.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flo*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>florifer</i>; <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower + <i>ferre</i> to
bear; cf. F. <i>florif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Producing flowers.</def>
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><! p. 573 !></p>

<p><hw>Flo`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>The
act, process, or time of flowering; florescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo"ri*form</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower + <i>-form</i>: cf. F.
<i>floriforme</i>.] <def>Having the form of a flower; flower-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo"ri*ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An Indian bustard (<i>Otis aurita</i>). The Bengal floriken is
<i>Sypheotides Bengalensis</i>.</def> [Written also <i>florikan</i>,
<i>florikin</i>, <i>florican</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Flo"ri*lege</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>florilegus</i> flower-culling; <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower
+ <i>legere</i> to gather: cf. F. <i>floril&egrave;ge</i>.] <def>The
act of gathering flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo"ri*mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Floramour</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Flor"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>florin</i>, It.
<i>florino</i>, orig., a Florentine coin, with a lily on it, fr.
<i>flore</i> a flower, fr. L. <i>flos</i>. See <u>Flower</u>, and cf.
<u>Floren</u>.] <def>A silver coin of Florence, first struck in the
twelfth century, and noted for its beauty. The name is given to
different coins in different countries. The florin of England, first
minted in 1849, is worth two shillings, or about 48 cents; the florin
of the Netherlands, about 40 cents; of Austria, about 36
cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo"rist</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fleuriste</i>, <i>floriste</i>, fr. F. <i>fleur</i> flower. See
<u>Flower</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cultivator of, or dealer
in, flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who writes a flora, or an account of
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo*roon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fleuron</i>.
See <u>Flower</u>.] <def>A border worked with flowers.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flor"u*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>florulentus</i>, fr. <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower.]
<def>Flowery; blossoming.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flos"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Flosculous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flos`cu*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>flosculus</i> a floweret.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a group
of stalked rotifers, having ciliated tentacles around the lobed
disk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flos*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>flosculus</i>,
dim. of <i>flos</i> flower: cf. F. <i>floscule</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A floret.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flos"cu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Consisting of many gamopetalous florets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Flos`-fer"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L., flower of
iron.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of aragonite, occuring in
delicate white coralloidal forms; -- common in beds of iron
ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flosh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>fl&ouml;sse</i> a trough in which tin ore is washed.]
<i>(Metallurgy)</i> <def>A hopper-shaped box or &?;nortar in which
ore is placed for the action of the stamps.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Floss</hw> (?; 195), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>floscio</i>
flabby, soft, fr. L. <i>fluxus</i> flowing, loose, slack. See
<u>Flux</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The slender styles of the pistillate flowers of maize; also
called <i>silk</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Untwisted filaments of silk, used in
embroidering.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Floss silk</b></col>, <cd>silk that has been twisted, and
which retains its loose and downy character. It is much used in
embroidery. Called also <i>floxed silk</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Floss
thread</b></col>, <cd>a kind of soft flaxen yarn or thread, used for
embroidery; -- called also <i>linen floss</i>, and <i>floss
yarn</i>.</cd>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Floss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>floss</i> a
float.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small stream of water.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fluid glass floating on iron in the
puddling furnace, produced by the vitrification of oxides and earths
which are present.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Floss hole</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A hole at
the back of a puddling furnace, at which the slags pass out.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The tap hole of a melting furnace.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flos`si*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Florification</u>.] <def>A flowering; florification.</def> [R.]
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Floss"y</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, made of, or resembling, floss; hence, light; downy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Flo"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. See
<u>Flotilla</u>.] <def>A fleet; especially, a &?;eet of Spanish ships
which formerly sailed every year from Cadiz to Vera Cruz, in Mexico,
to transport to Spain the production of Spanish America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo"tage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>flotage</i>,
F. <i>flottage</i>, fr. <i>flotter</i> to float.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of floating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which floats on the sea or in
rivers.</def> [Written also <i>floatage</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Flo"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>flotant</i>,
F. <i>flottant</i>, p. pr. of <i>flotter</i> to float.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Represented as flying or streaming in the air; as, a banner
<i>flotant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>flottation</i> a floating, <i>flottaison</i> water line, fr.
<i>flotter</i> to float. See <u>Flotilla</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act, process, or state of floating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The science of floating bodies.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Center of flotation</b></col>. <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The center of any given plane of
flotation.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>More commonly, the middle of
the length of the load water line.</cd> <i>Rankine.</i> --
<col><b>Plane, or Line</b></col>, <col><b>of flotation</b></col>,
<cd>the plane or line in which the horizontal surface of a fluid cuts
a body floating in it. See <u>Bearing</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Surface of flotation</b></col>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>the imaginary surface which all the planes
of flotation touch when a vessel rolls or pitches; the envelope of
all such planes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flote</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fleet; to
skim.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flote</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>flot</i>, L.
<i>fluctus</i>; also cf. <u>Float</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
wave.</def> [Obs.] "The Mediterranean <i>flote</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flot"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wavy;
flowing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>flotery</i> beard.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flo*til"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>flotilla</i>, dim. of <i>flota</i> fleet; akin to F.
<i>flotte</i>, It. <i>flotta</i>, and F. <i>flot</i> wave, fr. L.
<i>fluctus</i>, but prob. influenced by words akin to E.
<i>float</i>. See <u>Fluctuate</u>, and cf. <u>Float</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A little fleet, or a fleet of small
vessels.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Flot"sam</hw> (?), <hw>Flot"son</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>flotter</i> to float. See
<u>FFlotilla</u>, and cf. <u>Jetsam</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Goods
lost by shipwreck, and floating on the sea; -- in distinction from
<i>jetsam</i> or <i>jetson</i>.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flot"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Flote</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Skimmed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Flounce</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flounced</u> (flounst); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Flouncing</u> (?).] [Cf. OSw. <i>flunsa</i> to
immerge.] <def>To throw the limbs and body one way and the other; to
spring, turn, or twist with sudden effort or violence; to struggle,
as a horse in mire; to flounder; to throw one's self with a jerk or
spasm, often as in displeasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To flutter and <i>flounce</i> will do nothing but
batter and bruise us.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With his broad fins and forky tail he laves<BR>
The rising sirge, and <i>flounces</i> in the waves.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flounce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
floucing; a sudden, jerking motion of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flounce</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>flaus</i>,
<i>flausch</i>, a tuft of wool or hair; akin to <i>vliess</i>, E.
<i>fleece</i>; or perh. corrupted fr. <i>rounce</i>.] <def>An
ornamental appendage to the skirt of a woman's dress, consisting of a
strip gathered and sewed on by its upper edge around the skirt, and
left hanging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flounce</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deck with a
flounce or flounces; as, to <i>flounce</i> a petticoat or a
frock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floun"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw.
<i>flundra</i>; akin to Dan. <i>flynder</i>, Icel. <i>fly&?;ra</i>,
G. <i>flunder</i>, and perh. to E. <i>flounder</i>, v.i.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A flatfish of the family
<i>Pleuronectid&aelig;</i>, of many species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common English flounder is <i>Pleuronectes flesus</i>.
There are several common American species used as food; as the smooth
flounder (<i>P. glabra</i>); the rough or winter flounder (<i>P.
Americanus</i>); the summer flounder, or plaice (<i>Paralichthys
dentatus</i>), Atlantic coast; and the starry flounder
(<i>Pleuronectes stellatus</i>).</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bootmaking)</i> <def>A tool used in
crimping boot fronts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floun"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Floundered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Floundering</u>.] [Cf. D. <i>flodderen</i> to flap, splash through
mire, E. <i>flounce</i>, v.i., and <i>flounder</i> the fish.] <def>To
fling the limbs and body, as in making efforts to move; to struggle,
as a horse in the mire, or as a fish on land; to roll, toss, and
tumble; to flounce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have <i>floundered</i> on from blunder to
blunder.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Floun"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
floundering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fleur de
farine</i> the flower (<i>i.e.</i>, the best) of meal, cf. Sp.
<i>flor de la harina</i> superfine flour, Icel. <i>fl&uuml;r</i>
flower, flour. See <u>Flower</u>.] <def>The finely ground meal of
wheat, or of any other grain; especially, the finer part of meal
separated by bolting; hence, the fine and soft powder of any
substance; as, <i>flour</i> of emery; <i>flour</i> of
mustard.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flour bolt</b></col>, <cd>in milling, a gauze-covered,
revolving, cylindrical frame or reel, for sifting the flour from the
refuse contained in the meal yielded by the stones.</cd> --
<col><b>Flour box</b></col> <cd>a tin box for scattering flour; a
dredging box.</cd> -- <col><b>Flour</b></col> <col><b>dredge or
dredger</b></col>, <cd>a flour box.</cd> -- <col><b>Flour
dresser</b></col>, <cd>a mashine for sorting and distributing flour
according to grades of fineness.</cd> -- <col><b>Flour
mill</b></col>, <cd>a mill for grinding and sifting flour.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flour</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Floured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flouring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grind and bolt; to
convert into flour; as, to <i>flour</i> wheat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle with flour.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floured</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Finely
granulated; -- said of quicksilver which has been granulated by
agitation during the amalgamation process.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flour"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flourished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flourishing</u>.] [OE. <i>florisshen</i>, <i>flurisshen</i>, OF.
<i>flurir</i>, F. <i>fleurir</i>, fr. L. <i>florere</i> to bloom, fr.
<i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower. See <u>Flower</u>, and <u>-
ish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grow luxuriantly; to increase
and enlarge, as a healthy growing plant; a thrive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tree thrives and <i>flourishes</i> in a kindly . . .
soil.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Horne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be prosperous; to increase in wealth,
honor, comfort, happiness, or whatever is desirable; to thrive; to be
prominent and influental; specifically, of authors, painters, etc.,
to be in a state of activity or production.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When all the workers of iniquity do
<i>flourish</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xcii 7</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bad men as frequently prosper and <i>flourish</i>, and
that by the means of their wickedness.</blockquote>
<i>Nelson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We say<BR>
Of those that held their heads above the crowd,<BR>
They <i>flourished</i> then or then.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To use florid language; to indulge in
rhetorical figures and lofty expressions; to be flowery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They dilate . . . and <i>flourish</i> long on little
incidents.</blockquote> <i>J. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make bold and sweeping, fanciful, or
wanton movements, by way of ornament, parade, bravado, etc.; to play
with fantastic and irregular motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Impetuous spread<BR>
The stream, and smoking <i>flourished</i> o'er his head.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make ornamental strokes with the pen;
to write graceful, decorative figures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To execute an irregular or fanciful strain
of music, by way of ornament or prelude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why do the emperor's trumpets <i>flourish</i>
thus?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To boast; to vaunt; to brag.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flour"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To adorn with flowers orbeautiful figures, either natural or
artificial; to ornament with anything showy; to embellish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To embellish with the flowers of diction;
to adorn with rhetorical figures; to grace with ostentatious
eloquence; to set off with a parade of words.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sith that the justice of your title to him<BR>
Doth <i>flourish</i> the deceit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move in bold or irregular figures; to
swing about in circles or vibrations by way of show or triumph; to
brandish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>flourishes</i> his blade in spite of
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To develop; to make thrive; to
expand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bottoms of thread . . . which with a good needle,
perhaps may be <i>flourished</i> into large works.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flour"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flourishes</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
flourishing condition; prosperity; vigor.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Roman monarchy, in her highest <i>flourish</i>,
never had the like.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Decoration; ornament; beauty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>flourish</i> of his sober youth<BR>
Was the pride of naked truth.</blockquote> <i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something made or performed in a fanciful,
wanton, or vaunting manner, by way of ostentation, to excite
admiration, etc.; ostentatious embellishment; ambitious copiousness
or amplification; parade of words and figures; show; as, a
<i>flourish</i> of rhetoric or of wit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He lards with <i>flourishes</i> his long
harangue.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A fanciful stroke of the pen or graver; a
merely decorative figure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The neat characters and <i>flourishes</i> of a Bible
curiously printed.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A fantastic or decorative musical passage;
a strain of triumph or bravado, not forming part of a regular musical
composition; a cal; a fanfare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>flourish</i>, trumpets! strike alarum,
drums!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The waving of a weapon or other thing; a
brandishing; as, the <i>flourish</i> of a sword.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flour"ish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
flourishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flour"ish*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
flourishing manner; ostentatiously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flour"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or resembling
flour; mealy; covered with flour.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flout</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flouted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flouting</u>.] [OD. <i>fluyten</i> to play the flute, to jeer, D.
<i>fluiten</i>, fr. <i>fluit</i>, fr. French. See <u>Flute</u>.]
<def>To mock or insult; to treat with contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Phillida <i>flouts</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Three gaudy standards <i>flout</i> the pale blue
sky.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flout</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice mocking;
to behave with contempt; to sneer; to fleer; -- often with
<i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fleer and gibe, and laugh and
<i>flout</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mock; an
insult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who put your beauty to this <i>flout</i> and
scorn.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flout"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who flouts; a
mocker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flout"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With flouting;
insultingly; as, to treat a lover <i>floutingly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flow</hw> (fl&omacr;), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. sing.</i></pos>
of <u>Fly</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flow</hw> (fl&omacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flowed</u> (fl&omacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Flowing</u>.] [AS. <i>fl&omacr;wan</i>; akin to D.
<i>vloeijen</i>, OHG. <i>flawen</i> to wash, Icel. <i>fl&omacr;a</i>
to deluge, Gr. <grk>plw`ein</grk> to float, sail, and prob.
ultimately to E. <i>float</i>, <i>fleet</i>. &radic;80.  Cf.
<u>Flood</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move with a continual
change of place among the particles or parts, as a fluid; to change
place or circulate, as a liquid; as, rivers <i>flow</i> from springs
and lakes; tears <i>flow</i> from the eyes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become liquid; to melt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mountains <i>flowed</i> down at thy
presence.</blockquote> <i>Is. lxiv. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To proceed; to issue forth; as, wealth
<i>flows</i> from industry and economy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those thousand decencies that daily <i>flow</i><BR>
From all her words and actions.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To glide along smoothly, without harshness
or asperties; as, a <i>flowing</i> period; <i>flowing</i> numbers; to
sound smoothly to the ear; to be uttered easily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Virgil is sweet and <i>flowing</i>in his
hexameters.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To have or be in abundance; to abound; to
full, so as to run or flow over; to be copious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In that day . . . the hills shall <i>flow</i> with
milk.</blockquote> <i>Joel iii. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The exhilaration of a night that needed not the
influence of the <i>flowing</i> bowl.</blockquote> <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To hang loose and waving; as, a
<i>flowing</i> mantle; <i>flowing</i> locks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The imperial purple <i>flowing</i> in his
train.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To rise, as the tide; -- opposed to
<i>ebb</i>; as, the tide <i>flows</i> twice in twenty-four
hours.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The river hath thrice <i>flowed</i>, no ebb
between.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To discharge blood in excess from the
uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cover with water or other liquid; to overflow; to inundate; to
flood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with varnish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flow</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
stream of water or other fluid; a current; as, a <i>flow</i> of
water; a <i>flow</i> of blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A continuous movement of something
abundant; as, a <i>flow</i> of words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any gentle, gradual movement or procedure
of thought, diction, music, or the like, resembling the quiet, steady
movement of a river; a stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The feast of reason and the <i>flow</i> of
soul.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The tidal setting in of the water from the
ocean to the shore. See <i>Ebb and flow</i>, under
<u>Ebb</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A low-lying piece of watery land; --
called also <i>flow moss</i> and <i>flow bog</i>.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flow"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
overflowing with water; also, the water which thus
overflows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flow"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. pl.</i></pos> of
<u>Fly</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>flour</i>, OF.
<i>flour</i>, <i>flur</i>, <i>flor</i>, F. <i>fleur</i>, fr. L.
<i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>.  Cf. <u>Blossom</u>, <u>Effloresce</u>,
<u>Floret</u>, <u>Florid</u>, <u>Florin</u>, <u>Flour</u>,
<u>Flourish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the popular sense, the
bloom or blossom of a plant; the showy portion, usually of a
different color, shape, and texture from the foliage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That part of a plant
destined to produce seed, and hence including one or both of the
sexual organs; an organ or combination of the organs of reproduction,
whether inclosed by a circle of foliar parts or not. A complete
<i>flower</i> consists of two essential parts, the stamens and the
pistil, and two floral envelopes, the corolla and callyx. In mosses
the flowers consist of a few special leaves surrounding or subtending
organs called archegonia. See <u>Blossom</u>, and
<u>Corolla</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 574 !></p>

<p>&fist; If we examine a common flower, such for instance as a
geranium, we shall find that it consists of: First, an outer envelope
or <i>calyx</i>, sometimes tubular, sometimes consisting of separate
leaves called <i>sepals</i>; secondly, an inner envelope or
<i>corolla</i>, which is generally more or less colored, and which,
like the calyx, is sometimes tubular, sometimes composed of separate
leaves called <i>petals</i>; thirdly, one or more <i>stamens</i>,
consisting of a stalk or <i>filament</i> and a head or <i>anther</i>,
in which the <i>pollen</i> is produced; and fourthly, a
<i>pistil</i>, which is situated in the center of the flower, and
consists generally of three principal parts; one or more compartments
at the base, each containing one or more seeds; the <i>stalk</i> or
<i>style</i>; and the <i>stigma</i>, which in many familiar instances
forms a small head, at the top of the style or ovary, and to which
the pollen must find its way in order to fertilize the flower.
<i>Sir J. Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The fairest, freshest, and choicest part
of anything; as, the <i>flower</i> of an army, or of a family; the
state or time of freshness and bloom; as, the <i>flower</i> of life,
that is, youth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The choice and <i>flower</i> of all things profitable
the Psalms do more briefly contain.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>flower</i> of the chivalry of all
Spain.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A simple maiden in her <i>flower</i><BR>
Is worth a hundred coats of arms.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Grain pulverized; meal; flour.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>flowers</i> of grains, mixed with water, will
make a sort of glue.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A substance
in the form of a powder, especially when condensed from sublimation;
as, the <i>flowers</i> of sulphur.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A figure of speech; an ornament of
style.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Ornamental type
used chiefly for borders around pages, cards, etc.</def>  <i>W.
Savage.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Menstrual discharges.</def>
<i>Lev. xv. 24.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Animal flower</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Animal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cut flowers</b></col>, <cd>flowers cut
from the stalk, as for making a bouquet.</cd> -- <col><b>Flower
bed</b></col>, <cd>a plat in a garden for the cultivation of
flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Flower beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any beetle which feeds upon flowers, esp. any one of numerous
small species of the genus <i>Meligethes</i>, family
<i>Nitidulid&aelig;</i>, some of which are injurious to crops.</cd> -
- <col><b>Flower bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
Australian bird of the genus <i>Anthornis</i>, allied to the honey
eaters.</cd> -- <col><b>Flower bud</b></col>, <cd>an unopened
flower.</cd> -- <col><b>Flower clock</b></col>, <cd>an assemblage of
flowers which open and close at different hours of the day, thus
indicating the time.</cd> -- <col><b>Flower head</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a compound flower in which all the florets are
sessile on their receptacle, as in the case of the daisy.</cd> --
<col><b>Flower pecker</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of a
family (<i>Dic&aelig;id&aelig;</i>) of small Indian and Australian
birds. They resemble humming birds in habits.</cd> -- <col><b>Flower
piece</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A table ornament made of cut
flowers.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <cd>A picture of
flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Flower stalk</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the peduncle of a plant, or the stem that supports the flower or
fructification.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flowered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flowering</u>.] [From the noun.  Cf. <u>Flourish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To blossom; to bloom; to expand the petals,
as a plant; to produce flowers; as, this plant <i>flowers</i> in
June.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come into the finest or fairest
condition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their lusty and <i>flowering</i> age.</blockquote>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>flowered</i> my youthful spring.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To froth; to ferment gently, as new
beer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That beer did <i>flower</i> a little.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To come off as flowers by
sublimation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Observations which have <i>flowered</i>
off.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To embellish with
flowers; to adorn with imitated flowers; as, <i>flowered</i>
silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er*age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
flowers; flowers, collectively or in general.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er-de-luce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>fleur-de-lis</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of perennial herbs
(<i>Iris</i>) with swordlike leaves and large three-petaled flowers
often of very gay colors, but probably white in the plant first
chosen for the royal French emblem.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are nearly one hundred species, natives of the north
temperate zone. Some of the best known are <i>Iris Germanica</i>,
<i>I. Florentina</i>, <i>I. Persica</i>, <i>I. sambucina</i>, and the
American <i>I. versicolor</i>, <i>I. prismatica</i>, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Flow"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plant which
flowers or blossoms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many hybrids are profuse and persistent
<i>flowerers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small flower;
a floret.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er-fence`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A tropical leguminous bush (<i>Poinciana, or C&aelig;salpinia,
pulcherrima</i>) with prickly branches, and showy yellow or red
flowers; -- so named from its having been sometimes used for hedges
in the West Indies.</def>  <i>Baird.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
flowers.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er-gen`tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A species of amaranth (<i>Amarantus
melancholicus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being flowery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having conspicuous flowers; -- used as an epithet with many
names of plants; as, <i>flowering</i> ash; <i>flowering</i> dogwood;
<i>flowering</i> almond, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flowering fern</b></col>, <cd>a genus of showy ferns
(<i>Osmunda</i>), with conspicuous bivalvular sporangia. They usually
grow in wet places.</cd> -- <col><b>Flowering plants</b></col>,
<cd>plants which have stamens and pistils, and produce true seeds;
phenogamous plants; -- distinguished from <i>flowerless
plants</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flowering rush</b></col>, <cd>a European
rushlike plant (<i>Butomus umbellatus</i>), with an umbel of rosy
blossoms.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of blossoming, or the season when plants blossom;
florification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of adorning with
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
flowers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flowerless plants</b></col>, <cd>plants which have no true
flowers, and produce no seeds; cryptogamous plants.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er*less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being without flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er*pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel,
commonly or earthenware, for earth in which plants are
grown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of flowers; abounding with blossoms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Highly embellished with figurative
language; florid; as, a <i>flowery</i> style.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The flowery kingdom</b></col>, <cd>China.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er*y-kir`tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dressed
with garlands of flowers.</def> [Poetic &amp; Rare]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flow"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That flows or for
flowing (in various sense of the verb); gliding along smoothly;
copious.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flowing battery</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a battery
which is kept constant by the flowing of the exciting liquid through
the cell or cells.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Flowing
furnace</b></col>, <cd>a furnace from which molten metal, can be
drawn, as through a tap hole; a foundry cupola.</cd> --
<col><b>Flowing sheet</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a sheet when
eased off, or loosened to the wind, as when the wind is abaft the
beam.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flow"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Flow</u>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Flow"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flowing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flow"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Flowing tendency
or quality; fluency.</def> [R.]  <i>W. Nichols.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flowk</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See 1st <u>Fluke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flown</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Fly</u>; --
often used with the auxiliary verb <i>to be</i>; as, the birds are
<i>flown</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flown</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Flushed, inflated.</def>
[Supposed by some to be a mistake for <i>blown</i> or <i>swoln</i>.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then wander forth the sons<BR>
Of Belial, <i>flown</i> with insolence and wine.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Floxed" silk`</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Floss silk</i>, under
<u>Floss</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Flute</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Flu"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>fluate</i>.
See <u>Fluor</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A fluoride.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Flu"a*vil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon extracted from gutta-percha, as a
yellow, resinous substance; -- called also <i>fluanil</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Soft clayey matter in the vein, or surrounding it.</def>
[Written also <i>flookan</i>, <i>flukan</i>, and <i>fluccan</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Fluc*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fluctus</i> wave + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Tending to produce
waves.</def>  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fluc*tis"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fluctisonus</i>; <i>fluctus</i> wave + <i>sonus</i> sound.]
<def>Sounding like waves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fluc`tu*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The capacity or ability to fluctuate.</def> [R.]  <i>H.
Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fluc"tu*ant</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fluctuans</i>, p. pr. of <i>fluctuare</i>. See <u>Fluctuate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving like a wave; wavering</def>;
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>showing undulation or fluctuation; as, a
<i>fluctuant</i> tumor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Floating on the waves.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fluc"tu*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fluctuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fluctuating</u> (?).] [L. <i>fluctuatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>fluctuare</i>, to wave, fr. <i>fluctus</i> wave, fr.
<i>fluere</i>, <i>fluctum</i>, to flow. See <u>Fluent</u>, and cf.
<u>Flotilla</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move as a wave; to roll
hither and thither; to wave; to float backward and forward, as on
waves; as, a <i>fluctuating</i> field of air.</def>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move now in one direction and now in
another; to be wavering or unsteady; to be irresolute or
undetermined; to vacillate.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To waver; vacillate; hesitate; scruple.  -- To
<u>Fluctuate</u>, <u>Vacillate</u>, <u>Waver</u>. -- <i>Fluctuate</i>
is applied both to things and persons and denotes that they move as
they are acted upon. The stocks <i>fluctuate</i>; a man
<i>fluctuates</i> between conflicting influences. <i>Vacillate</i>
and <i>waver</i> are applied to persons to represent them as acting
themselves. A man <i>vacillates</i> when he goes backward and forward
in his opinions and purposes, without any fixity of mind or
principles. A man <i>wavers</i> when he shrinks back or hesitates at
the approach of difficulty or danger. One who is <i>fluctuating</i>
in his feelings is usually <i>vacillating</i> in resolve, and
<i>wavering</i> in execution.</p>

<p><hw>Fluc"tu*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
move as a wave; to put in motion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>fluctuate</i> all the still
perfume.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fluc`tu*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fluctuatio</i>; cf. F. <i>fluctuation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A motion like that of waves; a moving in this and that
direction; as, the <i>fluctuations</i> of the sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wavering; unsteadiness; as,
<i>fluctuations</i> of opinion; <i>fluctuations</i> of
prices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The motion or undulation of
a fluid collected in a natural or artifical cavity, which is felt
when it is subjected to pressure or percussion.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>flue</i> a
flowing, fr. <i>fluer</i> to flow, fr. L. <i>fluere</i> (cf.
<u>Fluent</u>); a perh. a corruption of E. <i>flute</i>.] <def>An
inclosed passage way for establishing and directing a current of air,
gases, etc.; an air passage</def>; esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
compartment or division of a chimney for conveying flame and smoke to
the outer air.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A passage way for
conducting a current of fresh, foul, or heated air from one place to
another.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Steam Boiler)</i> <def>A pipe
or passage for conveying flame and hot gases through surrounding
water in a boiler; -- distinguished from a tube which holds water and
is surrounded by fire. Small flues are called <i>fire tubes</i> or
simply <i>tubes</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flue boiler</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Boiler</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Flue bridge</b></col>, <cd>the separating low wall between
the flues and the laboratory of a reverberatory furnace.</cd> --
<col><b>Flue plate</b></col> <i>(Steam Boiler)</i>, <cd>a plate to
which the ends of the flues are fastened; -- called also <i>flue
sheet</i>, <i>tube sheet</i>, and <i>tube plate</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Flue surface</b></col> <i>(Steam Boiler)</i>, <cd>the
aggregate surface of flues exposed to flame or the hot
gases.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>flou</i> light,
tender, G. <i>flau</i> weak, W. <i>llwch</i> dust. &radic;84.]
<def>Light down, such as rises from cotton, fur, etc.; very fine lint
or hair.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flu"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fluency.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flu"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fluentia</i>:
cf. F. <i>fluence</i>. See <u>Fluent</u>.] <def>The quality of being
fluent; smoothness; readiness of utterance; volubility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The art of expressing with <i>fluency</i> and
perspicuity.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flu"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fluens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>fluere</i> to flow; cf. Gr. &?; to boil over.
Cf. <u>Fluctuate</u>, <u>Flux</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flowing
or capable of flowing; liquid; glodding; easily moving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ready in the use of words; voluble;
copious; having words at command; and uttering them with facility and
smoothness; as, a <i>fluent</i> speaker; hence, flowing; voluble;
smooth; -- said of language; as, <i>fluent</i> speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With most <i>fluent</i> utterance.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fluent</i> as the flight of a swallow is the
sultan's letter.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flu"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
current of water; a stream.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>fluente</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A
variable quantity, considered as increasing or diminishing; --
called, in the modern calculus, the <i>function</i> or
<i>integral</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fluent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"ent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being fluent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flue"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
general name for organ stops in which the sound is caused by wind
passing through a flue or fissure and striking an edge above; -- in
distinction from <i>reedwork</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flue"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [2d <u>Flue</u>.]
<def>Downy; fluffy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fluff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 2d <u>Flue</u>.
&radic;84.] <def>Nap or down; flue; soft, downy feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fluff"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Fluffier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Fluffiest</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, fluff or nap; soft and downy.</def> "The carpets were
<i>fluffy</i>."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The present Barnacle . . . had a youthful aspect, and
the <i>fluffiest</i> little whisker, perhaps, that ever was
seen.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fluff"i*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Fl&uuml;"gel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., a wing.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A grand piano or a harpsichord, both being wing-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"gel*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>fl&uuml;gelman</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Fugleman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"id</hw> (fl&umacr;&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fluidus</i>, fr. <i>fluere</i> to flow: cf. F. <i>fluide</i>. See
<u>Fluent</u>.] <def>Having particles which easily move and change
their relative position without a separation of the mass, and which
easily yield to pressure; capable of flowing; liquid or
gaseous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"id</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fluid substance; a
body whose particles move easily among themselves.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Fluid</i> is a generic term, including liquids and gases
as species. Water, air, and steam are <i>fluids</i>. By analogy, the
term is sometimes applied to electricity and magnetism, as in phrases
electric <i>fluid</i>, magnetic <i>fluid</i>, though not strictly
appropriate.</p>

<p><col><b>Fluid dram</b></col>, or <col><b>Fluid drachm</b></col>,
<cd>a measure of capacity equal to one eighth of a fluid ounce.</cd>
-- <col><b>Fluid ounce</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In the
United States, a measure of capacity, in apothecaries' or wine
measure, equal to one sixteenth of a pint or 29.57 cubic centimeters.
This, for water, is about 1.04158 ounces avoirdupois, or 455.6
grains.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In England, a measure of
capacity equal to the twentieth part of an imperial pint. For water,
this is the weight of the avoirdupois ounce, or 437.5 grains.</cd> --
<col><b>Fluids of the body</b></col>. <i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>The
circulating blood and lymph, the chyle, the gastric, pancreatic, and
intestinal juices, the saliva, bile, urine, aqueous humor, and muscle
serum are the more important <i>fluids of the body</i>. The tissues
themselves contain a large amount of combined water, so much, that an
entire human body dried <i>in vacuo</i> with a very moderate degree
of heat gives about 66 per cent of water.</cd> -- <col><b>Burning
fluid</b></col>, <col><b>Elastic fluid</b></col>, <col><b>Electric
fluid</b></col>, <col><b>Magnetic fluid</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under
<u>Burning</u>, <u>Elastic</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flu"id*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
fluid, or to its flowing motion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fluidal structure</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the
structure characteristic of certain volcanic rocks in which the
arrangement of the minute crystals shows the lines of flow of thew
molten material before solidification; -- also called <i>fluxion
structure</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flu*id"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fluidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being fluid or capable
of flowing; a liquid, a&euml;riform, or gaseous state; -- opposed to
<i>solidity</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was this want of organization, this looseness and
<i>fluidity</i> of the new movement, that made it penetrate through
every class of society.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flu"id*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fluidized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fluidizing</u>.] <def>To render fluid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
fluid; fluidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"id*ounce`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Fluid
ounce</i>, under <u>Fluid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"i*drachm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Fluid
dram</i>, under <u>Fluid</u>.</def>  <i>Pharm. of the U. S.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flu"kan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Flucan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fluke</hw> (fl&umacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>fl&omacr;c</i> a kind of flatfish, Icel. <i>fl&omacr;ki</i> a kind
of halibut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
flounder.  See <u>Flounder</u>.</def> [Written also <i>fleuk</i>,
<i>flook</i>, and <i>flowk</i>].<BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A parasitic trematode
worm of several species, having a flat, lanceolate body and two
suckers.  Two species (<i>Fasciola hepatica</i> and <i>Distoma
lanceolatum</i>) are found in the livers of sheep, and produce the
disease called <i>rot</i>.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><! p. 575 !></p>

<p><hw>Fluke</hw> (fl&umacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG.
<i>flunk</i>, <i>flunka</i> wing, the palm of an anchor; perh. akin
to E. <i>fly</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part of an anchor
which fastens in the ground; a flook. See <u>Anchor</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the lobes of a
whale's tail, so called from the resemblance to the fluke of an
anchor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for cleaning out a hole
drilled in stone for blasting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An accidental and favorable stroke at
billiards (called a <i>scratch</i> in the United States); hence, any
accidental or unexpected advantage; as, he won by a
<i>fluke</i>.</def> [Cant, Eng.]  <i>A. Trollope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fluke"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as 1st <u>Fluke</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fluk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed like, or
having, a fluke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flume</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>flum</i>
river, OF, <i>flum</i>, fr. L. <i>flumen</i>, fr. <i>fluere</i> to
flow. &radic;84. See <u>Fluent</u>.] <def>A stream; especially, a
passage channel, or conduit for the water that drives a mill wheel;
or an artifical channel of water for hydraulic or placer mining;
also, a chute for conveying logs or lumber down a
declivity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"mi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>flumen</i>,
<i>fluminis</i>, river.] <def>Pertaining to rivers; abounding in
streama.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flum"mer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>llumru</i>,
or <i>llumruwd</i>, a kind of food made of oatmeal steeped in water
until it has turned sour, fr. <i>llumrig</i> harsh, raw, crude, fr.
<i>llum</i> sharp, severe.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A light kind of
food, formerly made of flour or meal; a sort of pap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Milk and <i>flummery</i> are very fit for
children.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something insipid, or not worth having;
empty compliment; trash; unsubstantial talk of writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>flummery</i> of modern criticism.</blockquote>
<i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Fling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flunk</hw> (fl&ubreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Flunked</u> (fl&ubreve;&nsm;kt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Flunking</u>.] [Cf.
<u>Funk</u>.] <def>To fail, as on a lesson; to back out, as from an
undertaking, through fear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flunk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fail in; to shirk,
as a task or duty.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Flunk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A failure or backing
out</def>; specifically (College cant), <def>a total failure in a
recitation.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Flun"ky</hw> (fl&ubreve;&nsm;"k&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Flunkies</b></plw> (-
k&ibreve;z). [Prob. fr. or akin to <i>flank</i>.] [Written also
<i>flunkey</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A contemptuous name for a
liveried servant or a footman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is obsequious or cringing; a
snob.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One easily deceived in buying stocks; an
inexperienced and unwary jobber.</def> [Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Flun"ky*dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The place or
region of flunkies.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flun"ly*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
characteristics of a flunky; readiness to cringe to those who are
superior in wealth or position; toadyism.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flu"o-</hw> (&?;). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form
indicating <i>fluorine</i> as an ingredient; as in
<i>fluo</i>silicate, <i>fluo</i>benzene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu`o*bo"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fluoborate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of fluoboric acid; a
fluoboride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu`o*bo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Fluo-</i>
<i>boric</i>: cf. F. <i>fluoborique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or consisting of, fluorine and
boron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fluoridic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a double
fluoride, consisting essentially of a solution of boron fluoride, in
hydrofluoric acid. It has strong acid properties, and is the type of
the borofluorides. Called also <i>borofluoric acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flu`o*bo"ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Borofluoride</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Flu`o*ce"rine</hw> (?), <hw>Flu`o*ce"rite</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fluo-</i> + <i>cerium</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A fluoride of cerium, occuring near Fahlun in Sweden. Tynosite,
from Colorado, is probably the same mineral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu`o*hy"dric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Fluo-</i> +
<i>hydro</i>gen.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Hydrofluoric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu`o*phos"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fluo-</i>
+ <i>phosphate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A double salt of fluoric and
phosphoric acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Flu"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a flowing, fr.
<i>fluere</i> to flow. See <u>Fluent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
fluid state.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Menstrual flux; catamenia; menses.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Fluorite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Flu"or albus</hw> (?). [L., white flow.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The whites; leucorrh&aelig;a.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu`or*an"thene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Fluor</i>ene + <i>anth</i>racene.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white
crystalline hydrocarbon C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>10</sub>, of a complex
structure, found as one ingredient of the higher boiling portion of
coal tar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"or*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined with fluorine; subjected to the action of
fluoride.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Flu`or*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A colorless, crystalline hydrocarbon,
C<sub>13</sub>H<sub>10</sub> having a beautiful violet
<i>fluorescence</i>; whence its name. It occurs in the higher boiling
products of coal tar, and is obtained artificially.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu`o*res"ce*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A yellowish red, crystalline substance,
C<sub>20</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, produced by heating
together phthalic anhydride and resorcin; -- so called, from the very
brilliant yellowish green <i>fluorescence</i> of its alkaline
solutions. It has acid properties, and its salts of the alkalies are
known to the trade under the name of <i>uranin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu`o*res"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Fluor</u>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>That property which some
transparent bodies have of producing at their surface, or within
their substance, light different in color from the mass of the
material, as when green crystals of fluor spar afford blue
reflections. It is due not to the difference in the color of a
distinct surface layer, but to the power which the substance has of
modifying the light incident upon it. The light emitted by
fluorescent substances is in general of lower refrangibility than the
incident light.</def>  <i>Stockes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flu`o*res"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
property of fluorescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu`o*res"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A colorless, amorphous substance which is produced by the
reduction of fluoresce&iuml;n, and from which the latter may be
formed by oxidation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu*or"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fluorique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, obtained from,
or containing, fluorine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"or*ide</hw> (? or ?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fluoride</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A binary compound of fluorine
with another element or radical.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calcium fluoride</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>fluorite,
CaF<sub>2</sub>. See <u>Fluorite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flu"or*ine</hw> (fl&umacr;"&obreve;r*&ibreve;n or -&emacr;n;
104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>fluorina</i>: cf. G.
<i>fluorin</i>, F. <i>fluorine</i>. So called from its occurrence in
the mineral <i>fluorite</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A non-metallic,
gaseous element, strongly acid or negative, and associated with
chlorine, bromine, and iodine, in the halogen group of which it is
the first member. It always occurs combined, is very active
chemically, and possesses such an avidity for most elements, and
silicon especially, that it can neither be prepared nor kept in glass
vessels. If set free it immediately attacks the containing material,
so that it was not isolated until 1886. It is a pungent, corrosive,
colorless gas. Symbol F. Atomic weight 19.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Fluorine</i> unites with hydrogen to form hydrofluoric
acid, which is the agent employed in etching glass. It occurs
naturally, principally combined as calcium fluoride in
<i>fluorite</i>, and as a double fluoride of aluminium and sodium in
<i>cryolite</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Flu"or*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Calcium fluoride, a mineral of many different colors, white,
yellow, purple, green, red, etc., often very beautiful, crystallizing
commonly in cubes with perfect octahedral cleavage; also massive. It
is used as a flux. Some varieties are used for ornamental vessels.
Also called <i>fluor spar</i>, or simply <i>fluor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"or*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fluor</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A tetrahexahedron; -- so called
because it is a common form of fluorite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu*or"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Fluor</i>escence + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Phys.)</i> <def>An
instrument for observing or exhibiting fluorescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"or*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
fluor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"or spar`</hw> (?). <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Fluorite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu`o*sil"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fluosilicate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A double fluoride of
silicon and some other (usually basic) element or radical, regarded
as a salt of <i>fluosilicic acid</i>; -- called also
<i>silicofluoride</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu`o*si*lic"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Fluo-</i> +
<i>silicic</i>: cf. F. <i>fluosilicique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Composed of, or derived from, silicon and fluorine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fluosilicic acid</b></col>, <cd>a double fluoride of
hydrogen and silicon, H<sub>2</sub>F<sub>6</sub>Si, obtained in
solution in water as a sour fuming liquid, and regarded as the type
of the fluosilicates; -- called also <i>silicofluoric acid</i>, and
<i>hydrofluosilicic acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flur"ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Agitated;
excited.</def> -- <wf>Flur"ried*ly</wf> <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Flur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flurries</b></plw> (#). [Prov. E. <i>flur</i> to ruffle.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden and brief blast or gust; a light,
temporary breeze; as, a <i>flurry</i> of wind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A light shower or snowfall accompanied
with wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a <i>flurry</i> of snow on the whistling
wind.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Violent agitation; commotion; bustle;
hurry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The racket and <i>flurry</i> of London.</blockquote>
<i>Blakw. Mag.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The violent spasms of a dying
whale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flur"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flurried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flurrying</u>.] <def>To put in a state of agitation; to excite or
alarm.</def>  <i>H. Swinburne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flurt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flirt.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flush</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flushed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flushing</u>.] [Cf. OE. <i>fluschen</i> to fly up, penetrate, F.
<i>fluz</i> a flowing, E. <i>flux</i>, dial. Sw. <i>flossa</i> to
blaze, and E. <i>flash</i>; perh. influenced by <i>blush</i>.
&radic;84.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To flow and spread suddenly; to
rush; as, blood <i>flushes</i> into the face.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>flushing</i> noise of many waters.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>flushes</i> violently out of the
cock.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become suddenly suffused, as the
cheeks; to turn red; to blush.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To snow red; to shine suddenly; to
glow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In her cheek, distemper <i>flushing</i>
glowed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To start up suddenly; to take wing as a
bird.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Flushing</i> from one spray unto
another.</blockquote> <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flush</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to be full; to flood; to overflow; to overwhelm with water; as,
to <i>flush</i> the meadows; to flood for the purpose of cleaning;
as, to <i>flush</i> a sewer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause the blood to rush into (the
face); to put to the blush, or to cause to glow with
excitement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor <i>flush</i> with shame the passing virgin's
cheek.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sudden a thought came like a full-blown rose,<BR>
<i>Flushing</i> his brow.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make suddenly or temporarily red or
rosy, as if suffused with blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How faintly <i>flushed</i>. how phantom fair,<BR>
Was Monte Rosa, hanging there!</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To excite; to animate; to stir.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such things as can only feed his pride and
<i>flush</i> his ambition.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause to start, as a hunter a
bird.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To flush a joints</b></col> <i>(Masonry)</i>, <cd>to fill
them in; to point the level; to make them flush.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flush</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sudden flowing; a rush which fills or overflows, as of water for
cleansing purposes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In manner of a wave or <i>flush</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A suffusion of the face with blood, as
from fear, shame, modesty, or intensity of feeling of any kind; a
blush; a glow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>flush</i> of angered shame.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any tinge of red color like that produced
on the cheeks by a sudden rush of blood; as, the <i>flush</i> on the
side of a peach; the <i>flush</i> on the clouds at sunset.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sudden flood or rush of feeling; a
thrill of excitement. animation, etc.; as, a <i>flush</i> of
joy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A flock of birds suddenly started up or
flushed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [From F. or Sp. <i>flux</i>.  Cf. <u>Flux</u>.]
<def>A hand of cards of the same suit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flush</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full
of vigor; fresh; glowing; bright.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With all his crimes broad blown, as <i>flush</i> as
May.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affluent; abounding; well furnished or
suppled; hence, liberal; prodigal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord Strut was not very <i>flush</i> in
ready.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch. &amp; Mech.)</i> <def>Unbroken or even in
surface; on a level with the adjacent surface; forming a continuous
surface; as, a <i>flush</i> panel; a <i>flush</i> joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>Consisting of cards
of one suit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flush bolt</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A screw bolt
whose head is countersunk, so as to be flush with a surface.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A sliding bolt let into the face or edge of a
door, so as to be flush therewith.</cd> -- <col><b>Flush
deck</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Deck</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Flush tank</b></col>, <cd>a
water tank which can be emptied rapidly for flushing drainpipes,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flush</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to be level
or even.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flush"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Flashboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flush"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A workman employed in cleaning sewers by flushing them with
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The red-backed shrike.
See <u>Flasher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flush"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
heavy, coarse cloth manufactured from shoddy; -- commonly in the
&?;</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A surface formed of
floating threads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flush"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a flushing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flush"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
flush; abundance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flus"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flustered</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flustering</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>flaustra</i> to be flustered,
<i>flaustr</i> a fluster.] <def>To make hot and rosy, as with
drinking; to heat; hence, to throw into agitation and confusion; to
confuse; to muddle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His habit or <i>flustering</i> himself daily with
claret.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flus"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be in a heat or
bustle; to be agitated and confused.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>flstering</i>, vainglorious
Greeks.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flus"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Heat or glow, as from
drinking; agitation mingled with confusion; disorder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flus`ter*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
flustering, or the state of being flustered; fluster.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Flus"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Fluster</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To fluster.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flus*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
flustrating; confusion; flurry.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>floute</i>,
<i>floite</i>, fr. OF. <i>fla&uuml;te</i>, <i>flahute</i>,
<i>flahuste</i>, F. <i>fl&?;te</i>; cf. LL. <i>flauta</i>, D.
<i>fluit</i>. See <u>Flute</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A musical wind instrument, consisting of a
hollow cylinder or pipe, with holes along its length, stopped by the
fingers or by keys which are opened by the fingers. The modern flute
is closed at the upper end, and blown with the mouth at a lateral
hole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The breathing <i>flute's</i> soft notes are heard
around.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A channel of curved
section; -- usually applied to one of a vertical series of such
channels used to decorate columns and pilasters in classical
architecture. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Base</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A similar channel or groove made in wood
or other material, esp. in plaited cloth, as in a lady's
ruffle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A long French breakfast roll.</def>
<i>Simonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A stop in an organ, having a flutelike
sound.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flute bit</b></col>, <cd>a boring tool for piercing ebony,
rosewood, and other hard woods.</cd> -- <col><b>Flute pipe</b></col>,
<cd>an organ pipe having a sharp lip or wind-cutter which imparts
vibrations to the column of air in the pipe.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Flute</hw> (fl&umacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fl&ucirc;te</i> a transport, D. <i>fluit</i>.] <def>A kind of
flyboat; a storeship.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Armed en fl&ucirc;te</b></col> (&?;) <i>(Nav.)</i>,
<cd>partially armed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>flouten</i>,
<i>floiten</i>, OF. <i>fla&uuml;ter</i>, <i>fle&uuml;ter</i>,
<i>flouster</i>, F. <i>fl&ucirc;ter</i>, cf. D. <i>fluiten</i>;
ascribed to an assumed LL. <i>flautare</i>, <i>flatuare</i>, fr. L.
<i>flatus</i> a blowing, fr. <i>flare</i> to blow.  Cf. <u>Flout</u>,
<u>Flageolet</u>, <u>Flatulent</u>.] <def>To play on, or as on, a
flute; to make a flutelike sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flute</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fluted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fluting</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play, whistle, or
sing with a clear, soft note, like that of a flute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Knaves are men,<BR>
That lute and <i>flute</i> fantastic tenderness.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> The redwing <i>flutes</i> his o-ka-lee.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form flutes or channels in, as in a
column, a ruffle, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fl&ucirc;te` &agrave; bec"</hw> (?). [F.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A beak flute, an older form of the flute, played with a
mouthpiece resembling a beak, and held like a flageolet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flut"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Thin; fine; clear and mellow; flutelike; as, <i>fluted</i>
notes.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Decorated with flutes; channeled; grooved;
as, a <i>fluted</i> column; a <i>fluted</i> ruffle; a <i>fluted</i>
spectrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flute"mouth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish of the genus <i>Aulostoma</i>, having
a much elongated tubular snout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flut"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who plays on the flute; a flutist or flautist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who makes grooves or
flutings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flut"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Decoration by means
of flutes or channels; a flute, or flutes collectively; as, the
<i>fluting</i> of a column or pilaster; the <i>fluting</i> of a
lady's ruffle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fluting iron</b></col>, <cd>a laundry iron for fluting
ruffles; -- called also <i>Italian iron</i>, or <i>gaufering
iron</i>.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Fluting lathe</b></col>,
<cd>a machine for forming spiral flutes, as on balusters, table legs,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flut"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fl&ucirc;tiste</i>.] <def>A performer on the flute; a
flautist.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><! p. 576 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move with quick vibrations or
undulations; as, a sail <i>flutters</i> in the wind; a
<i>fluttering</i> fan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move about briskly, irregularly, or
with great bustle and show, without much result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>    No rag, no scrap, of all the beau, or wit,<BR>
    That once so <i>fluttered</i>, and that once so
writ.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be in agitation; to move irregularly;
to flucttuate; to be uncertainty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Long we <i>fluttered</i> on the wings of doubtful
success.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>     His thoughts are very <i>fluttering</i> and
wandering.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To vibrate or move quickly; as, a bird <i>flutters</i> its
wings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive in disorder; to throw into
confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>        Like an eagle in a dovecote, I<BR>
        <i>Fluttered</i> your Volscians in Corioli.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of fluttering; quick and irregular motion; vibration;
as, the <i>flutter</i> of a fan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>     The chirp and <i>flutter</i> of some single
bird</blockquote> <i>Milnes. .</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hurry; tumult; agitation of the mind;
confusion; disorder.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Flutter wheel</b></col>, <cd>a water wheel placed below a
fall or in a chute where rapidly moving water strikes the tips of the
floats; -- so called from the spattering, and the fluttering noise it
makes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flut"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, flutters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flut"ter*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
fluttering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flut"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Soft and clear in
tone, like a flute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"vi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fluvialis</i>,
from <i>fluvius</i> river, fr. <i>fluere</i> to flow: cf.F.
<i>fluvial</i>. See <u>Fluent</u>.] <def>Belonging to rivers; growing
or living in streams or ponds; as, a <i>fluvial</i> plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"vi*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who exlpains
geological phenomena by the action of streams.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Flu`vi*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fluviaticus</i>. See <u>Fluvial</u>.] <def>Belonging to rivers or
streams; fluviatile.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flu"vi*a*tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fluviatilis</i>, fr. <i>fluvius</i> river: cf. F.
<i>fluviatile</i>.] <def>Belonging to rivers or streams; existing in
or about rivers; produced by river action; fluvial; as,
<i>fluviatile</i> starta, plants.</def>  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flu`vi*o-ma*rine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fluvius</i> river + E. <i>marine</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Formed
by the joint action of a river and the sea, as deposits at the mouths
of rivers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flux</hw> (fl&ubreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fluxus</i>, fr. <i>fluere</i>, <i>fluxum</i>, to flow: cf.F.
<i>flux</i>. See <u>Fluent</u>, and cf. 1st &amp; 2d <u>Floss</u>,
<u>Flush</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of flowing; a continuous moving on or passing by, as of a flowing
stream; constant succession; change.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> By the perpetual <i>flux</i> of the liquids, a great
part of them is thrown out of the body.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her image has escaped the <i>flux</i> of things,<BR>
And that same infant beauty that she wore<BR>
Is fixed upon her now forevermore.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>       Languages, like our bodies, are in a continual
<i>flux</i>.</blockquote> <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The setting in of the tide toward the
shore, -- the ebb being called the <i>reflux</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being liquid through heat;
fusion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem. &amp; Metal.)</i> <def>Any substance or
mixture used to promote the fusion of metals or minerals, as
alkalies, borax, lime, fluorite.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>White flux</i> is the residuum of the combustion of a
mixture of equal parts of niter and tartar. It consists chiefly of
the carbonate of potassium, and is white. -- <i>Black flux</i> is the
ressiduum of the combustion of one part of niter and two of tartar,
and consists essentially of a mixture of potassium carbonate and
charcoal.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fluid
discharge from the bowels or other part; especially, an excessive and
morbid discharge; as, the bloody <i>flux</i> or dysentery. See
<u>Bloody flux</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The matter thus
discharged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The quantity of a fluid
that crosses a unit area of a given surface in a unit of
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flux</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fluxus</i>, p. p. of
<i>fluere</i>. See <u>Flux</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Flowing;
unstable; inconstant; variable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>flux</i> nature of all things
here.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flux</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fluxed</u> (fl&ubreve;kst); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fluxing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To affect, or
bring to a certain state, by flux.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He might fashionably and genteelly . . . have been
dueled or<BR>
<i>fluxed</i> into another world.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to become fluid; to fuse.</def>
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To cause a discharge from;
to purge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flux*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
fluxing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flux`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>fluxibilitas</i> fluidity.] <def>The quality of being
fluxible.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flux"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.LL.
<i>fluxibilis</i> fluid, OF. <i>fluxible</i>.] <def>Capable of being
melted or fused, as a mineral.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Flux"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Flux"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fluxilis</i>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, fluid.] <def>Fluxible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Flux*il"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being fluxible.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Flux"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fluxion</i>.] <def>The act of flowing.</def>  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The matter that flows.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fusion; the running of metals into a fluid
state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An unnatural or excessive
flow of blood or fluid toward any organ; a determination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A constantly varying indication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Less to be counted than the <i>fluxions</i> of sun
dials.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
infinitely small increase or decrease of a variable or flowing
quantity in a certain infinitely small and constant period of time;
the rate of variation of a fluent; an incerement; a
differential.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>A method of
analysis developed by Newton, and based on the conception of all
magnitudes as generated by motion, and involving in their changes the
notion of velocity or rate of change. Its results are the same as
those of the differential and integral calculus, from which it
differs little except in notation and logical method.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flux"ion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or having the nature of, fluxion or fluxions; variable;
inconstant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> The merely human,the temporary and
<i>fluxional</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fluxional structure</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>fluidal
structure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Flux"ion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fluxional.</def>  <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or caused by,
an increased flow of blood to a part; congestive; as, a
<i>fluxionary</i> hemorrhage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flux"ion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in
fluxions.</def>  <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flux"ions</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>See <u>Fluxion</u>, 6<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flux"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Flowing; also,
wanting solidity.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flux"ure</hw> (?; 138), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fluxura</i> a flowing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of
being fluid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fluid matter.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fly</hw> (fl&imacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Flew</u> (fl&umacr;); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flown</u> (fl&omacr;n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Flying</u>.] [OE. <i>fleen</i>, <i>fleen</i>,
<i>fleyen</i>, <i>flegen</i>, AS. <i>fle&oacute;gan</i>; akin to D.
<i>vliegen</i>, OHG. <i>fliogan</i>, G. <i>fliegen</i>, Icel.
<i>flj&umacr;ga</i>, Sw. <i>flyga</i>, Dan. <i>flyve</i>, Goth.
<i>us-flaugjan</i> to cause to fly away, blow about, and perh. to L.
<i>pluma</i> feather, E. <i>plume</i>. &radic;84.  Cf. <u>Fledge</u>,
<u>Flight</u>, <u>Flock</u> of animals.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
move in or pass through the air with wings, as a bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move through the air or before the
wind; esp., to pass or be driven rapidly through the air by any
impulse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To float, wave, or rise in the air, as
sparks or a flag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Man is born unto trouble, as the sparks <i>fly</i>
upward.</blockquote> <i>Job v. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move or pass swiftly; to hasten away;
to circulate rapidly; as, a ship <i>flies</i> on the deep; a top
<i>flies</i> around; rumor <i>flies</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fly</i>, envious Time, till thou run out thy
race.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The dark waves murmured as the ships <i>flew</i>
on.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To run from danger; to attempt to escape;
to flee; as, an enemy or a coward <i>flies</i>. See Note under
<u>Flee</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fly</i>, ere evil intercept thy
flight.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whither shall I <i>fly</i> to escape their hands
?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To move suddenly, or with violence; to do
an act suddenly or swiftly; -- usually with a qualifying word; as, a
door <i>flies</i> open; a bomb <i>flies</i> apart.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To fly about</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to change
frequently in a short time; -- said of the wind.</cd> -- <col><b>To
fly around</b></col>, <cd>to move about in haste.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To fly at</b></col>, <cd>to spring toward; to rush on; to
attack suddenly.</cd> -- <col><b>To fly in the face of</b></col>,
<cd>to insult; to assail; to set at defiance; to oppose with
violence; to act in direct opposition to; to resist.</cd> --
<col><b>To fly off</b></col>, <cd>to separate, or become detached
suddenly; to revolt.</cd> -- <col><b>To fly on</b></col>, <cd>to
attack.</cd> -- <col><b>To fly open</b></col>, <cd>to open suddenly,
or with violence.</cd> -- <col><b>To fly out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To rush out.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
burst into a passion; to break out into license.</cd> -- <col><b>To
let fly</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To throw or drive with
violence; to discharge.</cd> "A man <i>lets fly</i> his arrow without
taking any aim." <i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<cd>To let go suddenly and entirely; as, <i>to let fly</i> the
sheets.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fly</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to fly or to float in the air, as a bird, a kite, a flag,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brave black flag I <i>fly</i>.</blockquote> <i>W.
S. Gilbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fly or flee from; to shun; to
avoid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sleep <i>flies</i> the wretch.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>fly</i> the favors of so good a
king.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hunt with a hawk.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fly a kite</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>to raise money
on commercial notes.</cd> [Cant or Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Fly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flies</b></plw> (fl&imacr;z). [OE. <i>flie</i>, <i>flege</i>,
AS. <i>fl&ymacr;ge</i>, <i>fle&oacute;ge</i>, fr.
<i>fle&oacute;gan</i> to fly; akin to D. <i>vlieg</i>, OHG.
<i>flioga</i>, G. <i>fliege</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>fluga</i>, Dan.
<i>flue</i>. &radic; 84.  See <u>Fly</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
winged insect; esp., one with transparent wings; as, the Spanish
<i>fly</i>; fire<i>fly</i>; gall <i>fly</i>; dragon <i>fly</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any dipterous insect; as, the house
<i>fly</i>; flesh <i>fly</i>; black <i>fly</i>. See <u>Diptera</u>,
and <i>Illust.</i> in Append.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hook dressed in imitation of a fly, --
used for fishing.</def> "The fur-wrought <i>fly</i>."  <i>Gay.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A familiar spirit; a witch's
attendant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A trifling <i>fly</i>, none of your great
familiars.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A parasite.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A kind of light carriage for rapid
transit, plying for hire and usually drawn by one horse.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The length of an extended flag from its
staff; sometimes, the length from the "union" to the extreme
end.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The part of a vane pointing the direction
from which the wind blows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That part of a compass on
which the points are marked; the compass card.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Two or
more vanes set on a revolving axis, to act as a fanner, or to
equalize or impede the motion of machinery by the resistance of the
air, as in the striking part of a clock.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A heavy wheel, or cross arms with weights at the ends on a
revolving axis, to regulate or equalize the motion of machinery by
means of its inertia, where the power communicated, or the resistance
to be overcome, is variable, as in the steam engine or the coining
press. See <i>Fly wheel</i> (below).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Knitting Machine)</i> <def>The piece
hinged to the needle, which holds the engaged loop in position while
the needle is penetrating another loop; a latch.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>The pair of arms revolving around the
bobbin, in a spinning wheel or spinning frame, to twist the
yarn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A shuttle driven through
the shed by a blow or jerk.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, the person
who took the printed sheets from the press.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A vibrating frame with fingers, attached to a power to a power
printing press for doing the same work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>The outer canvas of a tent with double
top, usually drawn over the ridgepole, but so extended as to touch
the roof of the tent at no other place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>One of the upper screens of a stage in a
theater.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>The fore flap of a bootee; also, a lap on
trousers, overcoats, etc., to conceal a row of buttons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>A batted ball that
flies to a considerable distance, usually high in the air, also
called a <i>fly ball</i>; also, the flight of a ball so struck; as,
it was caught on the <i>fly</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black fly</b></col>, <col><b>Cheese fly</b></col>,
<col><b>Dragon fly, etc.</b></col> <cd>See under <u>Black</u>,
<u>Cheese</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly agaric</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a mushroom (<i>Agaricus muscarius</i>), having a
narcotic juice which, in sufficient quantities, is poisonous.</cd> --
<col><b>Fly block</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a pulley whose
position shifts to suit the working of the tackle with which it is
connected; -- used in the hoisting tackle of yards.</cd> --
<col><b>Fly board</b></col> <i>(Printing Press)</i>, <cd>the board on
which printed sheets are deposited by the fly.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly
book</b></col>, <cd>a case in the form of a book for anglers'
flies.</cd> <i>Kingsley.</i> -- <col><b>Fly cap</b></col>, <cd>a cap
with wings, formerly worn by women.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly
drill</b></col>, <cd>a drill having a reciprocating motion controlled
by a fly wheel, the driving power being applied by the hand through a
cord winding in reverse directions upon the spindle as it rotates
backward and forward.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Fly
fishing</b></col>, <cd>the act or art of angling with a bait of
natural or artificial flies.</cd> <i>Walton.</i> -- <col><b>Fly
flap</b></col>, <cd>an implement for killing flies.</cd> --
<col><b>Fly governor</b></col>, <cd>a governor for regulating the
speed of an engine, etc., by the resistance of vanes revolving in the
air.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly honeysuckle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
plant of the honeysuckle genus (<i>Lonicera</i>), having a bushy stem
and the flowers in pairs, as <i>L. ciliata</i> and <i>L.
Xylosteum</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly hook</b></col>, <cd>a fishhook
supplied with an artificial fly.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly leaf</b></col>,
<cd>an unprinted leaf at the beginning or end of a book, circular,
programme, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly maggot</b></col>, <cd>a maggot
bred from the egg of a fly.</cd> <i>Ray.</i> -- <col><b>Fly
net</b></col>, <cd>a screen to exclude insects.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly
nut</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a nut with wings; a thumb nut; a
finger nut.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly orchis</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
plant (<i>Ophrys muscifera</i>), whose flowers resemble flies.</cd> -
- <col><b>Fly paper</b></col>, <cd>poisoned or sticky paper for
killing flies that feed upon or are entangled by it.</cd> --
<col><b>Fly powder</b></col>, <cd>an arsenical powder used to poison
flies.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly press</b></col>, <cd>a screw press for
punching, embossing, etc., operated by hand and having a heavy
fly.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly rail</b></col>, <cd>a bracket which turns
out to support the hinged leaf of a table.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly
rod</b></col>, <cd>a light fishing rod used in angling with a
fly.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly sheet</b></col>, <cd>a small loose
advertising sheet; a handbill.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly snapper</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American bird (<i>Phainopepla
nitens</i>), allied to the chatterers and shrikes.</cd> The male is
glossy blue-black; the female brownish gray. -- <col><b>Fly
wheel</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a heavy wheel attached to
machinery to equalize the movement (opposing any sudden acceleration
by its inertia and any retardation by its momentum), and to
accumulate or give out energy for a variable or intermitting
resistance. See <u>Fly</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9.</cd> --
<col><b>On the fly</b></col> <i>(Baseball)</i>, <cd>still in the air;
-- said of a batted ball caught before touching the ground.</cd>.</p>

<p><hw>Fly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Knowing; wide awake;
fully understanding another's meaning.</def> [Slang]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>flyaway</hw> <pos><i>adj.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>frivolous; -- of people.</def> <i>serious</i><BR>
<b>Syn. --</b> flighty.<BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to move away from a center, rather
than remain in a compact group; -- used of hair or clothing or of
small particles of matter.</def>  Light objects or particles readily
taking a static electric charge may be moved apart by acquisition of
a charge, or by approach of a charged object.  Such a property is
called <i>flyaway</i>.<BR>
<b>Syn. --</b> fluttering.<BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><hw>Fly"bane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of catchfly of the genus <i>Silene</i>; also, a poisonous
mushroom (<i>Agaricus muscarius</i>); fly agaric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fly"-bit`ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked by, or
as if by, the bite of flies.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fly"blow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deposit
eggs upon, as a flesh fly does on meat; to cause to be maggoty;
hence, to taint or contaminate, as if with flyblows.</def>  <i>Bp.
Srillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fly"blow`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the eggs or young larv&aelig; deposited by a flesh fly,
or blowfly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fly"blown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tainted or
contaminated with flyblows; damaged; foul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Wherever <i>flyblown</i> reputations were
assembled.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fly"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fly</i> +
<i>boat</i>: cf. D. <i>vlieboot</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A large Dutch coasting vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Captain George Weymouth made a voyage of discovery to
the northwest with two <i>flyboats</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Purchas.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of passenger boat formerly used on
canals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fly"-case`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The covering of an insect, esp. the elytra of beetles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fly"catch`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of numerous species of birds that feed
upon insects, which they take on the wing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The true flycatchers of the Old World are Oscines, and
belong to the family <i>Muscicapid&aelig;</i>, as the spotted
flycatcher (<i>Muscicapa grisola</i>). The American flycatchers, or
tyrant flycatchers, are Clamatores, and belong to the family
<i>Tyrannid&aelig;</i>, as the kingbird, pewee, crested flycatcher
(<i>Myiarchus crinitus</i>), and the vermilion flycatcher or
churinche (<i>Pyrocephalus rubineus</i>). Certain American
flycatching warblers of the family <i>Sylvicolid&aelig;</i> are also
called flycatchers, as the Canadian flycatcher (<i>Sylvania
Canadensis</i>), and the hooded flycatcher (<i>S. mitrata</i>). See
<u>Tyrant flycatcher</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fly"-catch`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the habit of catching insects on the wing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fly"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Flier</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One that uses wings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fly of a flag: See <u>Fly</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything that is scattered abroad in great
numbers as a theatrical programme, an advertising leaf,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One in a flight of steps
which are parallel to each other(as in ordinary stairs), as
distinguished from a <i>winder</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The pair of arms attached to the spindle
of a spinning frame, over which the thread passes to the bobbin; --
so called from their swift revolution. See <u>Fly</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 11.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The fan wheel that rotates the cap of a
windmill as the wind veers.</def>  <i>Internat. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Jobbing)</i> <def>A small operation
not involving ? considerable part of one's capital, or not in the
line of one's ordinary business; a venture.</def> [Cant]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fly"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A California scorp&aelig;noid fish (<i>Sebastichthys
rhodochloris</i>), having brilliant colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fly"-fish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To angle, using
flies for bait.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fly"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Fly</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Moving in the air with, or as with,
wings; moving lightly or rapidly; intended for rapid
movement.</def></p>

<p><! p. 577 !></p>

<p><col><b>Flying army</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>a body of cavalry
and infantry, kept in motion, to cover its own garrisons and to keep
the enemy in continual alarm.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> --<col><b>Flying
artillery</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>artillery trained to rapid
evolutions, -- the men being either mounted or trained to spring upon
the guns and caissons when they change position.</cd> --
<col><b>Flying bridge</b></col>, <col><b>Flying camp</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Bridge</u>, and <u>Camp</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying
buttress</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a contrivance for taking up
the thrust of a roof or vault which can not be supported by ordinary
buttresses. It consists of a straight bar of masonry, usually
sloping, carried on an arch, and a solid pier or buttress sufficient
to receive the thrust. The word is generally applied only to the
straight bar with supporting arch.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying
colors</b></col>, <cd>flags unfurled and waving in the air</cd>;
hence: <col><b>To come off with flying colors</b></col>, <cd>to be
victorious; to succeed thoroughly in an undertaking.</cd> --
<col><b>Flying doe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a young female
kangaroo.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying dragon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Dragon</u>,
6.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A meteor. See under
<u>Dragon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying Dutchman</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A fabled Dutch mariner condemned for his
crimes to sail the seas till the day of judgment.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A spectral ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying
fish</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Flying fish</u>, in
the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying fox</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the colugo.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying
frog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an East Indian tree frog of
the genus <i>Rhacophorus</i>, having very large and broadly webbed
feet, which serve as parachutes, and enable it to make very long
leaps.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying gurnard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a species of gurnard of the genus <i>Cephalacanthus</i> or
<i>Dactylopterus</i>, with very large pectoral fins, said to be able
to fly like the flying fish, but not for so great a distance.</cd>
Three species are known; that of the Atlantic is <i>Cephalacanthus
volitans</i>. -- <col><b>Flying jib</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
sail extended outside of the standing jib, on the flying-jib
boom.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying-jib boom</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>an extension of the jib boom.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying
kites</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>light sails carried only in fine
weather.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying lemur</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Colugo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying level</b></col>
<i>(Civil Engin.)</i>, <cd>a reconnoissance level over the course of
a projected road, canal, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying
lizard</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Dragon</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> 6.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying machine</b></col>,
<cd>an apparatus for navigating the air; a form of balloon.</cd> --
<col><b>Flying mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the opossum
mouse (<i>Acrobates pygm&aelig;us</i>), of Australia.</cd> It has
lateral folds of skin, like the flying squirrels. -- <col><b>Flying
party</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a body of soldiers detailed to
hover about an enemy.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying phalanger</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several species of small marsuupials
of the genera <i>Petaurus</i> and <i>Belideus</i>, of Australia and
New Guinea, having lateral folds like those of the flying squirrels.
The sugar squirrel (<i>B. sciureus</i>), and the ariel (<i>B.
ariel</i>), are the best known; -- called also <i>squirrel
petaurus</i> and <i>flying squirrel</i>. See <u>Sugar
squirrel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying pinion</b></col>, <cd>the fly of
a clock.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying sap</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the
rapid construction of trenches (when the enemy's fire of case shot
precludes the method of simple trenching), by means of gabions placed
in juxtaposition and filled with earth.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying
shot</b></col>, <cd>a shot fired at a moving object, as a bird on the
wing.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying spider</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Ballooning spider</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying
squid</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an oceanic squid
(<i>Ommastrephes, or Sthenoteuthis, Bartramii</i>), abundant in the
Gulf Stream, which is able to leap out of the water with such force
that it often falls on the deck of a vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying
squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Flying
squirrel</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying
start</b></col>, <cd>a start in a sailing race in which the signal is
given while the vessels are under way.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying
torch</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a torch attached to a long staff
and used for signaling at night.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fly"ing fish`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish which
is able to leap from the water, and fly a considerable distance by
means of its large and long pectoral fins. These fishes belong to
several species of the genus <i>Exoc&oelig;tus</i>, and are found in
the warmer parts of all the oceans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fly"ing squir"rel</hw> (? or ?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of a group of squirrels, of the genera <i>Pteromus</i> and
<i>Sciuropterus</i>, having parachute-like folds of skin extending
from the fore to the hind legs, which enable them to make very long
leaps.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The species of Pteromys are large, with bushy tails, and
inhabit southern Asia and the East Indies; those of Sciuropterus are
smaller, with flat tails, and inhabit the northern parts of Europe,
Asia, and America. The American species <i>(Sciuropterus
volucella)</i> is also called Assapan. The Australian flying
squirrels, or flying phalangers, are marsupials. See <i>Flying
phalanger</i> (above).</p>

<p><hw>Fly"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Flymen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>The driver of a fly, or
light public carriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flysch</hw> (fl&emacr;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A Swiss word,
fr. G. <i>fliessen</i> to flow, melt.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A name
given to the series of sandstones and schists overlying the true
nummulitic formation in the Alps, and included in the Eocene
Tertiary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fly"speck</hw> (fl?'sp?k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A speck
or stain made by the excrement of a fly; hence, any insignificant
dot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fly"speck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To soil with
flyspecks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fly"trap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A trap for catching flies.</def> <sn><b>2.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant <i>(Dion&aelig;a muscipula)</i>, called
also Venus's flytrap, the leaves of which are fringed with stiff
bristles, and fold together when certain hairs on their upper surface
are touched, thus seizing insects that light on them. The insects so
caught are afterwards digested by a secretion from the upper surface
of the leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fnese</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fn&?;san</i>,
<i>gefn&?;san</i>.] <def>To breathe heavily; to snort.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Chinese name of
Buddha.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foal</hw> (f&omacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fole</i>,
AS. <i>fola</i>; akin to OHG. <i>folo</i>, G. <i>fohlen</i>, Goth.
<i>fula</i>, Icel. <i>foli</i>, Sw. <i>f&aring;le</i>, Gr.
<grk>pw^los</grk>, L. <i>pullus</i> a young animal.  Cf.
<u>Filly</u>, <u>Poultry</u>, <u>Pullet</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;.)</i>
<def>The young of any animal of the Horse family
<i>(Equid&aelig;)</i>; a colt; a filly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Foal teeth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the first
set of teeth of a horse.</cd> -- <col><b>In foal</b></col>,
<col><b>With foal</b></col>, <cd>being with young; pregnant; -- said
of a mare or she ass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Foal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Foaled</u> (f&omacr;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Foaling</u>.] <def>To bring forth (a colt); -- said
of a mare or a she ass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bring forth young,
as an animal of the horse kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foal"foot`</hw> (-f&oocr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Coltsfoot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foam</hw> (f&omacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fam</i>,
<i>fom</i>, AS. <i>f&amacr;m</i>; akin to OHG. &amp; G. <i>feim</i>.]
<def>The white substance, consisting of an aggregation of bubbles,
which is formed on the surface of liquids, or in the mouth of an
animal, by violent agitation or fermentation; froth; spume; scum; as,
the <i>foam</i> of the sea.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Foam cock</b></col>, <cd>in steam boilers, a cock at the
water level, to blow off impurities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Foam</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Foamed</u> (f&omacr;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Foaming</u>.] [AS. <i>f?man</i>. See <u>Foam</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To gather foam; to
froth; as, the billows <i>foam</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>foameth</i>, and gnasheth with his
teeth.</blockquote> <i>Mark ix. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form foam, or become filled with foam;
-- said of a steam boiler when the water is unduly agitated and
frothy, as because of chemical action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to foam; as,
to <i>foam</i> the goblet; also (with out), to throw out with rage or
violence, as foam.</def> "<i>Foaming</i> out their own shame."
<i>Jude 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foam"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With foam;
frothily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foam"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
foam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foam"y</hw> (-&tcr;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
foam; frothy; spumy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold how high the <i>foamy</i> billows
ride!</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fob</hw> (f&obreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. G.
<i>fuppe</i> pocket.] <def>A little pocket for a watch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fob chain</b></col>, <cd>a short watch chain worn with a
watch carried in the fob.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fob</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fobbed</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fobbing</u>.] [Cf.Fop.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat; to maul.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cheat; to trick; to impose on.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fob off</b></col>, <cd>to shift off by an artifice; to
put aside; to delude with a trick."A conspiracy of bishops could
prostrate and fob off the right of the people."</cd>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>focal</i>.
See <u>Focus</u>.] <def>Belonging to,or concerning, a focus; as, a
focal point.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Focal distance, or length, of a lens or mirror</b></col>
<i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the distance of the focus from the surface of the
lens or mirror, or more exactly, in the case of a lens, from its
optical center.</cd> --<col><b>Focal distance of a
telescope</b></col>, <cd>the distance of the image of an object from
the object glass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fo`cal*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of focalizing or bringing to a focus, or the state of being
focalized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"cal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Focalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Focalizing</u> (?).] <def>To bring to a focus; to
focus; to concentrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Light is focalized in the eye, sound in the
ear.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foc"il*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>focilatus</i>, p. p. of focillare.] <def>To nourish.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foc`il*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Comfort;
support.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fo*cim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Focus</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>An assisting instrument for
focusing an object in or before a camera.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Focuses</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Foci</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>focus</i> hearth, fireplace; perh. akin to E. <i>bake</i>.  Cf.
<u>Curfew</u>, <u>Fuel</u>, <u>Fusil</u> the firearm.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A point in which the rays of
light meet, after being reflected or refracted, and at which the
image is formed; as, the <i>focus</i> of a lens or mirror.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A point so related to a
conic section and certain straight line called the <i>directrix</i>
that the ratio of the distance between any point of the curve and the
focus to the distance of the same point from the directrix is
constant.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Thus, in the ellipse FGHKLM, A is the focus and CD the
directrix, when the ratios FA:FE, GA:GD, MA:MC, etc., are all equal.
So in the hyperbola, A is the focus and CD the directrix when the
ratio HA:HK is constant for all points of the curve; and in the
parabola, A is the focus and CD the directrix when the ratio BA:BC is
constant. In the ellipse this ratio is less than unity, in the
parabola equal to unity, and in the hyperbola greater than unity. The
ellipse and hyperbola have each two foci, and two corresponding
directrixes, and the parabola has one focus and one directrix.
    In the ellipse the <i>sum</i> of the two lines from any point of
the curve to the two foci is constant; that is: AG+GB=AH+HB; and in
the hyperbola the <i>difference</i> of the corresponding lines is
constant. The diameter which passes through the foci of the ellipse
is the <i>major axis</i>.  The diameter which being produced passes
through the foci of the hyperbola is the <i>transverse axis</i>. The
middle point of the major or the transverse axis is the center of the
curve. Certain other curves, as the lemniscate and the Cartesian
ovals, have points called <i>foci</i>, possessing properties similar
to those of the foci of conic sections.
    In an ellipse, rays of light coming from one focus, and reflected
from the curve, proceed in lines directed <i>toward</i> the other; in
an hyperbola, in lines directed <i>from</i> the other; in a parabola,
rays from the focus, after reflection at the curve, proceed in lines
parallel to the axis. Thus rays from A in the ellipse are reflected
to B; rays from A in the hyperbola are reflected toward L and M away
from B.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A central point; a point of
concentration.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aplanatic focus</b></col>. <i>(Opt.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Aplanatic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Conjugate focus</b></col>
<i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the focus for rays which have a sensible
divergence, as from a near object; -- so called because the positions
of the object and its image are interchangeable.</cd> --
<col><b>Focus tube</b></col> <i>(Phys.)</i>, <cd>a vacuum tube for
R&oelig;ntgen rays in which the cathode rays are focused upon the
anticathode, for intensifying the effect.</cd> -- <col><b>Principal,
or Solar</b></col>, <col><b>focus</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the
focus for parallel rays.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fo"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Focused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Focusing</u>.] <def>To bring to a focus; to focalize; as, to focus
a camera.</def>  <i>R. Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fod"der</hw> (f&obreve;d"d&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See 1st <u>Fother</u>.] <def>A weight by which lead and some other
metals were formerly sold, in England, varying from 19&frac12; to 24
cwt.; a fother.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fod"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [AS. <i>f&omacr;dder</i>,
f&omacr;ddor, fodder (also sheath case), fr. <i>f&omacr;da</i> food;
akin to D. <i>voeder</i>, OHG. <i>fuotar</i>, G. <i>futter</i>, Icel.
<i>f&omacr;&eth;r</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>foder</i>. &radic;75. See
<u>Food</u> and cf. <u>Forage</u>, <u>Fur</u>.] <def>That which is
fed out to cattle horses, and sheep, as hay, cornstalks, vegetables,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fod"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>   [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Foddered</u> (-d&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Foddering</u>.] <def>To feed, as cattle, with dry
food or cut grass, etc.; to furnish with hay, straw, oats,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fod"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fodders
cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"di*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fodiens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>fodere</i> to dig.] <def>Fitted for, or pertaining to,
digging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"di*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Fodientia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo`di*en"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>fodiens</i> p. pr., digging.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
African edentates including the aard-vark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foe</hw> (f&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fo</i>,
<i>fa</i>, AS. <i>f&amacr;h</i> hostile; prob. akin to E.
<i>fiend</i>. &radic;81.  See <u>Fiend</u>, and cf. <u>Feud</u> a
quarrel.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who entertains personal enmity,
hatred, grudge, or malice, against another; an enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man's <i>foes</i> shall be they of his own
household.</blockquote> <i>Matt. x. 36</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An enemy in war; a hostile army.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who opposes on principle; an opponent;
an adversary; an ill-wisher; as, a foe to religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>foe</i> to received doctrines.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts</i></p>

<p><hw>Foe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat as an
enemy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foe"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Enmity.</def>
<i>Bp. Bedell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foe"man</hw> (f&omacr;"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Foemen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). [AS.
<i>f&amacr;hman</i>.] <def>An enemy in war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the stern joy which warriors feel<BR>
In <i>foemen</i> worthy of their steel.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott</i></p>

<p><hw>F&oelig;"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Fetal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>F&oelig;*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Fetation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>F&oelig;"ti*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Feticide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>F&oelig;"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Fetor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>F&oelig;"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Fetus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fog</hw> (f&obreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot.
<i>fog</i>, <i>fouge</i>, moss, <i>foggage</i> rank grass, LL.
<i>fogagium</i>, W. <i>ffwg</i> dry grass.] <i>(Agric.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A second growth of grass; aftergrass.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Dead or decaying grass remaining on land
through the winter; -- called also <i>foggage</i>.</def> [Prov.Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i>  Sometimes called, in New England, <i>old tore</i>.
In Scotland, <i>fog</i> is a general name for moss.</p>

<p><hw>Fog</hw> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To
pasture cattle on the fog, or aftergrass, of; to eat off the fog
from.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fog</hw> <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>To
practice in a small or mean way; to pettifog.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where wouldst thou fog to get a fee?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fog</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. snee<i>fog</i> snow
falling thick, drift of snow, driving snow, cf. Icel. <i>fok</i>
spray, snowdrift, <i>fj&umacr;k</i> snowstorm, <i>fj&umacr;ka</i> to
drift.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Watery vapor condensed in the lower
part of the atmosphere and disturbing its transparency. It differs
from cloud only in being near the ground, and from mist in not
approaching so nearly to fine rain. See <u>Cloud</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of mental confusion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fog alarm</b></col>, <col><b>Fog bell</b></col>,
<col><b>Fog horn</b></col>, etc., <cd>a bell, horn, whistle or other
contrivance that sounds an alarm, often automatically, near places of
danger where visible signals would be hidden in thick weather.</cd> -
- <col><b>Fog bank</b></col>, <cd>a mass of fog resting upon the sea,
and resembling distant land.</cd> -- <col><b>Fog ring</b></col>,
<cd>a bank of fog arranged in a circular form, -- often seen on the
coast of Newfoundland.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fog</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fogged</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fogging</u> (#).] <def>To envelop, as with fog; to befog; to
overcast; to darken; to obscure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fog</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>To
show indistinctly or become indistinct, as the picture on a negative
sometimes does in the process of development.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Cornish name for
a forge used for smelting tin.</def>  <i>Raymond</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo'gey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fogy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fog'gage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i>
<def>See 1st <u>Fog</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fog'ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fogs; a
pettifogger.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A beggarly <i>fogger</i>.</blockquote> <i>Terence in
English(1614)</i></p>

<p><hw>Fog"gi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a foggy
manner; obscurely.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fog"gi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being foggy.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fog"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Foggier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Foggiest</u>.] [From 4th <u>Fog</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Filled or abounding with fog, or watery
exhalations; misty; as, a <i>foggy</i> atmosphere; a <i>foggy</i>
morning.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 578 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Beclouded; dull; obscure; as, <i>foggy</i>
ideas.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your coarse, <i>foggy</i>, drowsy
conceit.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo"gie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fogy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fog"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without fog;
clear.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fogies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A dull old fellow; a person
behind the times, over-conservative, or slow; -- usually preceded by
<i>old</i>.</def> [Written also <i>fogie</i> and <i>fogey</i>.]
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Notorious old bore; regular old
<i>fogy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The word is said to be connected with the German
<i>vogt</i>, a guard or protector. By others it is regarded as a
diminutive of <i>folk</i> (cf. D. <i>volkje</i>). It is defined by
Jamieson, in his Scottish Dictionary, as "an invalid or garrison
soldier," and is applied to the old soldiers of the Royal Hospital at
Dublin, which is called the <i>Fogies'</i> Hospital. In the fixed
habits of such persons we see the origin of the present use of the
term.  <i>Sir F. Head.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo"gy*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The principles
and conduct of a fogy.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Foh</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Faugh</u>.]
<def>An exclamation of abhorrence or contempt; poh; fie.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo"hist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Buddhist priest.
See <u>Fo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foi"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>foible</i>. See
<u>Feeble</u>.] <def>Weak; feeble.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lord
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foi"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A moral weakness; a failing; a weak point; a frailty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> A disposition radically noble and generous, clouded
and overshadowed by superficial <i>foibles</i>.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The half of a sword blade or foil blade
nearest the point; -- opposed to <i>forte</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>faible</i>.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fault; imperfection; failing; weakness; infirmity;
frailty; defect. See <u>Fault</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Foil</hw> (foil), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Foiled</u> (foild); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Foiling</u>.] [F. <i>fouler</i> to tread or trample under one's
feet, to press, oppress. See <u>Full</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tread under foot; to trample.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> King Richard . . . caused the ensigns of Leopold to
be pulled down and <i>foiled</i> under foot.</blockquote>
<i>Knoless.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> Whom he did all to pieces breake and
<i>foyle</i>,<BR>
      In filthy durt, and left so in the loathely soyle.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render (an effort or attempt) vain or
nugatory; to baffle; to outwit; to balk; to frustrate; to
defeat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>         And by &?; mortal man at length am
<i>foiled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>         Her long locks that <i>foil</i> the painter's
power.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To blunt; to dull; to spoil; as, to
<i>foil</i> the scent in chase.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See 6th <u>File</u>.]
<def>To defile; to soil.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Foil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Failure of success when on the point of attainment; defeat;
frustration; miscarriage.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>            Nor e'er was fate so near a
<i>foil</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blunt weapon used in fencing, resembling
a smallsword in the main, but usually lighter and having a button at
the point.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>    Blunt as the fencer's <i>foils</i>, which hit, but
hurt not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>   Isocrates contended with a <i>foil</i> against
Demosthenes with a word.</blockquote> <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The track or trail of an animal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To run a foil</b></col>,<cd>to lead astray; to puzzle; --
alluding to the habits of some animals of running back over the same
track to mislead their pursuers.</cd>  <i>Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>foil</i> leaf, OF.
<i>foil</i>, <i>fuil</i>, <i>fueil</i>, <i>foille</i>,
<i>fueille</i>, F. <i>feuille</i>, fr. L. <i>folium</i>, pl.
<i>folia</i>; akin to Gr. &?; , and perh. to E. <i>blade</i>.  Cf.
<u>Foliage</u>, <u>Folio</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leaf or very
thin sheet of metal; as, brass <i>foil</i>; tin <i>foil</i>; gold
<i>foil</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Jewelry)</i> <def>A thin leaf of sheet
copper silvered and burnished, and afterwards coated with transparent
colors mixed with isinglass; -- employed by jewelers to give color or
brilliancy to pastes and inferior stones.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything that serves by contrast of color
or quality to adorn or set off another thing to advantage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As she a black silk cap on him began<BR>
To set, for <i>foil</i> of his milk-white to serve.</blockquote>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hector has a <i>foil</i> to set him off.</blockquote>
<i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A thin coat of tin, with quicksilver, laid
on the back of a looking-glass, to cause reflection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The space between the cusps
in Gothic architecture; a rounded or leaflike ornament, in windows,
niches, etc. A group of foils is called trefoil, quatrefoil,
quinquefoil, etc., according to the number of arcs of which it is
composed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Foil stone</b></col>, <cd>an imitation of a jewel or
precious stone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Foil"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being foiled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who foils or
frustrates.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foil"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
foil.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foil"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>foul&eacute;es</i>. See 1st <u>Foil</u>.] <i>(Hunting)</i>
<def>The track of game (as deer) in the grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foin</hw> (foin), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fouine</i> a
marten.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The beech marten
(<i>Mustela foina</i>). See <u>Marten</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of fur, black at the top on a
whitish ground, taken from the ferret or weasel of the same
name.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote> He came to the stake in a fair black gown furred and
faced with <i>foins</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>foinen</i>,
<i>foignen</i>; of uncertain origin; cf. dial. F. <i>fouiner</i> to
push for eels with a spear, fr. F. <i>fouine</i> an eelspear, perh.
fr. L. <i>fodere</i> to dig, thrust.] <def>To thrust with a sword or
spear; to lunge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote> He stroke, he soused, he <i>foynd</i>, he hewed, he
lashed.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They lash, they <i>foin</i>, they pass, they strive to
bore<BR>
Their corselets, and the thinnest parts explore.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prick; to
st?ng.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pass in fencing; a
lunge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foin"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Thrusting with
the foil; fencing with the point, as distinguished from broadsword
play.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foin"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a push
or thrust.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Foi"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>foison</i>, fr.
L. <i>fusio</i> a pouring, effusion. See <u>Fusion</u>.] <def>Rich
harvest; plenty; abundance.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>       That from the seedness the bare fallow
brings<BR>
       To teeming <i>foison</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foist</hw> (foist), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>fuste</i>
stick, boat, fr. L. <i>fustis</i> cudgel.  Cf. 1st <u>Fust</u>.]
<def>A light and fast-sailing ship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foist</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Foisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Foisting</u>.] [Cf. OD. <i>vysten</i> to fizzle, D.
<i>veesten</i>, E. <i>fizz</i>, <i>fitchet</i>, bull<i>fist</i>.]
<def>To insert surreptitiously, wrongfully, or without warrant; to
interpolate; to pass off (something spurious or counterfeit) as
genuine, true, or worthy; -- usually followed by <i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Lest negligence or partiality might admit or
<i>foist</i> in abuses and corruption.</blockquote> <i>R.
Carew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> When a scripture has been corrupted . . . by a
supposititious <i>foisting</i> of some words in.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
foister; a sharper.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trick or fraud; a swindle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foist"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who foists
something surreptitiously; a falsifier.</def>  <i>Mir. for
Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foist"ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Fust</u>.]
<def>Fusty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Foist"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fustiness;
mustiness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Foist"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fusty;
musty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fold</hw> (f&omacr;ld), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Folded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Folding</u>.] [OE. <i>folden</i>, <i>falden</i>, AS.
<i>fealdan</i>; akin to OHG. <i>faltan</i>, <i>faldan</i>, G.
<i>falten</i>, Icel. <i>falda</i>, Dan. <i>folde</i>, Sw.
<i>f&aring;lla</i>, Goth. <i>fal&thorn;an</i>, cf. Gr. <grk>di-
pla`sios</grk> twofold, Skr. <i>pu&tsdot;a</i> a fold.  Cf.
<u>Fauteuil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lap or lay in plaits or
folds; to lay one part over another part of; to double; as, to
<i>fold</i> cloth; to <i>fold</i> a letter.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><blockquote>As a vesture shalt thou <i>fold</i> them
up.</blockquote> <i>Heb. i. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To double or lay together, as the arms or
the hands; as, he <i>folds</i> his arms in despair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To inclose within folds or plaitings; to
envelop; to infold; to clasp; to embrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A face <i>folded in sorrow</i>.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We will descend and <i>fold</i> him in our
arms.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cover or wrap up; to conceal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor <i>fold</i> my fault in cleanly coined
excuses.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fold</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become folded,
plaited, or doubled; to close over another of the same kind; to
double together; as, the leaves of the door <i>fold</i>.</def>  <i>1
Kings vi. 34.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fold</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Fold</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos> In sense 2 AS. <i>-feald</i>, akin to
<i>fealdan</i> to fold.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A doubling,esp. of
any flexible substance; a part laid over on another part; a plait; a
plication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mummies . . . shrouded in a number of <i>folds</i> of
linen.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> <i>Folds</i> are most common in the rocks of
mountainous regions.</blockquote> <i>J. D. Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Times or repetitions; -- used with
numerals, chiefly in composition, to denote multiplication or
increase in a geometrical ratio, the doubling, tripling, etc., of
anything; as, four<i>fold</i>, four times, increased in a quadruple
ratio, multiplied by four.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is folded together, or which
infolds or envelops; embrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall from your neck unloose his amorous
<i>fold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fold net</b></col>, <cd>a kind of net used in catching
birds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fold</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fald</i>, <i>fold</i>,
AS. <i>fald</i>, <i>falod</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure
for sheep; a sheep pen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>        Leaps o'er the fence with ease into the
<i>fold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flock of sheep; figuratively, the Church
or a church; as, Christ's <i>fold</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>     There shall be one <i>fold</i> and one
shepherd.</blockquote> <i>John x. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>        The very whitest lamb in all my
<i>fold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A boundary; a limit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fold yard</b></col>, <cd>an inclosure for sheep or
cattle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fold</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To confine in a fold,
as sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fold</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To confine sheep in a
fold.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>       The star that bids the shepherd
<i>fold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fold"age</hw>, (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fold</u>
inclosure, <u>Faldage</u>.] <i>(O.Eng.Law.)</i> <def>See
<u>Faldage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fold"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, folds; esp., a flat, knifelike instrument used for folding
paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fol"de*rol`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Nonsense.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fold"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of making a fold or folds; also, a fold; a doubling; a
plication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lower <i>foldings</i> of the vest.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>The keepig of sheep in
inclosures on arable land, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Folding boat</b></col>, <cd>a portable boat made by
stretching canvas, etc., over jointed framework, used in campaigning,
and by tourists, etc.</cd>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Folding chair</b></col>, <cd>a chair which may be shut up
compactly for carriage or stowage; a camp chair.</cd> --
<col><b>Folding door</b></col>, <cd>one of two or more doors filling
a single and hung upon hinges.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fold"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
fold.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo`li*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>foliaceus</i>, fr. <i>folium</i> leaf.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Belonging to, or having the texture or nature of,
a leaf; having leaves intermixed with flowers; as, a
<i>foliaceous</i> spike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Consisting of leaves or thin
lamin&aelig;; having the form of a leaf or plate; as,
<i>foliaceous</i> spar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Leaflike in form or
mode of growth; as, a <i>foliaceous</i> coral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>foillage</i>,
<i>fueillage</i>, F. <i>feuillage</i>, fr. OF. <i>foille</i>,
<i>fueille</i>, <i>fueil</i>, F. <i>feulle</i>, leaf, L.
<i>folium</i>. See 3d <u>Foil</u>, and cf. <u>Foliation</u>,
<u>Filemot</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Leaves, collectively, as produced or
arranged by nature; leafage; as, a tree or forest of beautiful
<i>foliage</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cluster of leaves, flowers, and
branches; especially, the representation of leaves, flowers, and
branches, in architecture, intended to ornament and enrich capitals,
friezes, pediments, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Foliage plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant
cultivated for the beauty of its leaves, as many kinds of
<i>Begonia</i> and <i>Coleus</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To adorn with
foliage or the imitation of foliage; to form into the representation
of leaves.</def> [R.]  <i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*aged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
foliage; leaved; as, the variously <i>foliaged</i>
mulberry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Consisting of, or pertaining to, leaves; as, <i>foliar</i>
appendages.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Foliar gap</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an opening in the
fibrovascular system of a stem at the point of origin of a leaf.</cd>
-- <col><b>Foliar trace</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a particular
fibrovascular bundle passing down into the stem from a leaf.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>foliatus</i>
leaved, leafy, fr. <i>folium</i> leaf. See <u>Foliage</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Furnished with leaves; leafy; as, a <i>foliate</i>
stalk.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Foliate curve</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Folium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Foliated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Foliating</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat into a leaf,
or thin plate.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spread over with a thin coat of tin and
quicksilver; as, to <i>foliate</i> a looking-glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having leaves, or leaflike projections; as, a <i>foliated</i>
shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Containing, or consisting
of, foils; as, a <i>foliated</i> arch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Characterized by being
separable into thin plates or folia; as, graphite has a
<i>foliated</i> structure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Laminated, but restricted
to the variety of laminated structure found in crystalline schist, as
mica schist, etc.; schistose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Spread over with an amalgam of tin and
quicksilver.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Foliated telluium</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Nagyagite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>foliation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The process of forming
into a leaf or leaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The manner in which the young leaves are
dispo&?;ed within the bud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> The . . . <i>foliation</i> must be in relation to the
stem.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of beating a metal into a thin
plate, leaf, foil, or lamina.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of coating with an amalgam of tin
foil and quicksilver, as in making looking-glasses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The enrichment of an
opening by means of foils, arranged in trefoils, quatrefoils, etc.;
also, one of the ornaments. See <u>Tracery</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The property, possessed by
some crystalline rocks, of dividing into plates or slabs, which is
due to the cleavage structure of one of the constituents, as mica or
hornblende. It may sometimes include slaty structure or cleavage,
though the latter is usually independent of any mineral constituent,
and transverse to the bedding, it having been produced by
pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*a*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>foliatura</i> foliage.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foliage;
leafage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shuckford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being beaten into foil.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Goldsmith's
foil.</def> [R.]  <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>folium</i>
leaf+ <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>foliif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Producing
leaves.</def> [Written also <i>foliiferous</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Fol"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foolishly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fol"io</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Folios</b></plw> (#). [Ablative of L. <i>folium</i> leaf. See
4th <u>Foil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leaf of a book or
manuscript.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sheet of paper once folded.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A book made of sheets of paper each folded
once (four pages to the sheet); hence, a book of the largest kind.
See Note under <u>Paper</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The page number. The even
folios are on the left-hand pages and the odd folios on the right-
hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A page of a book; <i>(Bookkeeping)</i> a
page in an account book; sometimes, two opposite pages bearing the
same serial number.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A leaf containing a certain
number of words, hence, a certain number of words in a writing, as in
England, in law proceedings 72, and in chancery, 90; in New York, 100
words.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Folio post</b></col>, <cd>a flat writing paper, usually
17 by 24 inches.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fol"io</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put a serial
number on each folio or page of (a book); to page.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fol"io</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed of sheets each
folded once, making two leaves, or four pages; as, a <i>folio</i>
volume. See <u>Folio</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to leaflets; -- used in composition; as, bi-
<i>foliolate</i>.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of L.
<i>folium</i> leaf: cf. F. <i>foliole</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of
the distinct parts of a compound leaf; a leaflet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo`li*o*mort"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Feuillemort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo`li*ose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>foliosus</i>,
fr. <i>folium</i> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having many leaves;
leafy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo`li*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
ponderousness or bulk of a folio; voluminousness.</def> [R.]  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Foliose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like a leaf; thin;
unsubstantial.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Foliose.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fo"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Foliums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Folia</b></plw> (#). [L., a
leaf.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leaf, esp. a thin leaf or
plate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A curve of the third order,
consisting of two infinite branches, which have a common asymptote.
The curve has a double point, and a leaf-shaped loop; whence the
name. Its equation is <i>x<sup>3</sup> + y<sup>3</sup> =
axy</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 579 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Folk</hw> (f&omacr;k), <hw>Folks</hw> (f&omacr;ks) },
<pos><i>n. collect. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [AS. <i>folc</i>; akin to D.
<i>volk</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>folk</i>, G. <i>volk</i>, Icel.
<i>f&omacr;lk</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>folk</i>, Lith. <i>pulkas</i> crowd,
and perh. to E. <i>follow</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng.
Hist.)</i> <def>In Anglo-Saxon times, the people of a group of
townships or villages; a community; a tribe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The organization of each <i>folk</i>, as such, sprang
mainly from war.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>People in general, or a separate class of
people; -- generally used in the plural form, and often with a
qualifying adjective; as, the old <i>folks</i>; poor
<i>folks</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In winter's tedious nights, sit by the fire<BR>
With good old <i>folks</i>, and let them tell thee
tales.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The persons of one's own family; as, our
<i>folks</i> are all well.</def> [Colloq. New Eng.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Folk song</b></col>, <cd>one of a class of songs long
popular with the common people.</cd> -- <col><b>Folk
speech</b></col>, <cd>the speech of the common people, as
distinguished from that of the educated class.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Folk"land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>folcland</i>.] <i>(O.Eng. Law)</i> <def>Land held in villenage,
being distributed among the <i>folk</i>, or people, at the pleasure
of the lord of the manor, and resumed at his discretion. Not being
held by any assurance in writing, it was opposed to <i>book</i>land
or <i>charter</i> land, which was held by deed.</def>  <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Folk"lore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <hw>Folk"
lore`</hw>  }. <def>Tales, legends, or superstitions long current
among the people.</def>  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Folk"mote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>folcm&omacr;t</i> folk meeting.] <def>An assembly of the
people</def>; esp. <i>(Sax. Law)</i>, <def>a general assembly of the
people to consider and order matters of the commonwealth; also, a
local court.</def> [Hist.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To which <i>folkmote</i> they all with one consent<BR>
Agreed to travel.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Folk"mot`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes
part in a folkmote, or local court.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fol"li*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>folliculus</i> a small bag, husk, pod, dim of <i>follis</i>
bellows, an inflated ball, a leathern money bag, perh. akin to E.
<i>bellows</i>: cf. F. <i>follicule</i>.  Cf. 2d <u>Fool</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A simple podlike pericarp which
contains several seeds and opens along the inner or ventral suture,
as in the peony, larkspur and milkweed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
cavity, tubular depression, or sac; as, a hair <i>follicle</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A simple gland or glandular cavity; a
crypt.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A small mass of adenoid tissue;
as, a lymphatic <i>follicle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fol*lic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like, pertaining to, or consisting of, a
follicles or follicles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Affecting the follicles; as,
<i>follicular</i> pharyngitis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fol*lic"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
follicles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fol*lic"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>folliculosus</i> full of husks: cf. F. <i>folliculeux</i>.]
<def>Having or producing follicles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fol"li*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
folly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fol"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Followed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Following</u>.][OE. <i>foluwen</i>, <i>folwen</i>, <i>folgen</i>,
AS. <i>folgian</i>, <i>fylgean</i>, <i>fylgan</i>; akin to D.
<i>volgen</i>, OHG. <i>folg&?;n</i>, G. <i>folgen</i>, Icel.
<i>fylgja</i>, Sw. <i>f&ouml;lja</i>, Dan. <i>f&ouml;lge</i>, and
perh. to E. <i>folk</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go or come
after; to move behind in the same path or direction; hence, to go
with (a leader, guide, etc.); to accompany; to attend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>         It waves me forth again; I'll <i>follow</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endeavor to overtake; to go in pursuit
of; to chase; to pursue; to prosecute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians, and they
shall <i>follow</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xiv. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To accept as authority; to adopt the
opinions of; to obey; to yield to; to take as a rule of action; as,
to <i>follow</i> good advice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Approve the best, and <i>follow</i> what I
approve</blockquote>. <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Follow</i> peace with all men.</blockquote> <i>Heb.
xii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> It is most agreeable to some men to <i>follow</i>
their reason; and to others to <i>follow</i> their
appetites.</blockquote> <i>J. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To copy after; to take as an
example.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> We had rather <i>follow</i> the perfections of them
whom we like not, than in defects resemble them whom we
love.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To succeed in order of time, rank, or
office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To result from, as an effect from a cause,
or an inference from a premise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To watch, as a receding object; to keep
the eyes fixed upon while in motion; to keep the mind upon while in
progress, as a speech, musical performance, etc.; also, to keep up
with; to understand the meaning, connection, or force of, as of a
course of thought or argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>       He <i>followed</i> with his eyes the flitting
shade.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To walk in, as a road or course; to attend
upon closely, as a profession or calling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, had I but <i>followed</i> the arts!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O Antony! I have <i>followed</i> thee to
this.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Follow board</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>a board on
which the pattern and the flask lie while the sand is rammed into the
flask.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>To follow the hounds</b></col>,
<cd>to hunt with dogs.</cd> -- <col><b>To follow suit</b></col>
<i>(Card Playing)</i>, <cd>to play a card of the same suit as the
leading card; hence, colloquially, to follow an example set.</cd> --
<col><b>To follow up</b></col>, <cd>to pursue indefatigably.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b>- To pursue; chase; go after; attend; accompany;
succeed; imitate; copy; embrace; maintain. - To <u>Follow</u>,
<u>Pursue</u>. To <i>follow</i> (v.t.) denotes simply to go after; to
<i>pursue</i> denotes to follow with earnestness, and with a view to
attain some definite object; as, a hound <i>pursues</i> the deer. So
a person <i>follows</i> a companion whom he wishes to overtake on a
journey; the officers of justice <i>pursue</i> a felon who has
escaped from prison.</p>

<p><hw>Fol"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go or come
after; -- used in the various senses of the transitive verb: To
pursue; to attend; to accompany; to be a result; to
imitate.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b>- To <u>Follow</u>, <u>Succeed</u>, <u>Ensue</u>.  To
<i>follow</i> (v.i.) means simply to come after; as, a crowd
<i>followed</i>. <i>To succeed</i> means to come after in some
regular series or succession; as, day <i>succeeds</i> to day, and
night to night. To <i>ensue</i> means to follow by some established
connection or principle of sequence. As wave <i>follows</i> wave,
revolution <i>succeeds</i> to revolution; and nothing <i>ensues</i>
but accumulated wretchedness.</p>

<p><hw>Fol"low*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>folwere</i>,
AS. <i>folgere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who follows; a
pursuer; an attendant; a disciple; a dependent associate; a
retainer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sweetheart; a beau.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>A. Trollope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The removable flange, or cover, of a piston. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Piston</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A gland. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Stuffing box</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The part of a machine that
receives motion from another part. See <u>Driver</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Among law stationers, a sheet of parchment
or paper which is added to the first sheet of an indenture or other
deed.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Imitator; copier; disciple; adherent; partisan;
dependent; attendant.</p>

<p><hw>Fol"low*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One's followers, adherents, or dependents, collectively.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vocation; business; profession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fol"low*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Next after; succeeding; ensuing; as, the assembly was held on
the <i>following</i> day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>(In the field of a
telescope) In the direction from which stars are apparently moving
(in consequence of the earth's rotation); as, a small star, north
<i>following</i> or south <i>following</i>. In the direction toward
which stars appear to move is called <i>preceding</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The four principal directions in the field of a telescope
are <i>north</i>, <i>south</i>, <i>following</i>,
<i>preceding</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Fol"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Follies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>folie</i>, <i>foli</i>, F.
<i>folie</i>, fr. <i>fol</i>, <i>fou</i>, foolish, mad. See
<u>Fool</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being foolish;
want of good sense; levity, weakness, or derangement of
mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A foolish act; an inconsiderate or
thoughtless procedure; weak or light-minded conduct;
foolery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>          What <i>folly</i> 'tis to hazard life for
ill.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Scandalous crime; sin; specifically, as
applied to a woman, wantonness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Achan] wrought <i>folly</i> in Israel.</blockquote>
<i>Josh. vii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When lovely woman stoops to <i>folly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The result of a foolish action or
enterprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> It is called this man's or that man's "<i>folly</i>,"
and name of the foolish builder is thus kept alive for long after
years.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fol"we</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To follow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo"mal*haut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar., prop., mouth
of the large fish: cf. F. <i>Fomalhaut</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A
star of the first magnitude, in the constellation <i>Piscis
Australis</i>, or Southern Fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo*ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fomented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fomenting</u>.] [F. <i>fomenter</i>, fr. L. <i>fomentare</i>, fr.
<i>fomentum</i> (for <i>fovimentum</i>) a warm application or lotion,
fr. <i>fovere</i> to warm or keep warm; perh. akin to Gr. &?; to
roast, and E. <i>bake</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To apply a warm
lotion to; to bathe with a cloth or sponge wet with warm water or
medicated liquid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cherish with heat; to foster.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which these soft fires . . . <i>foment</i> and
warm.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To nurse to life or activity; to cherish
and promote by excitements; to encourage; to abet; to instigate; --
used often in a bad sense; as, to <i>foment</i> ill humors.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>          But quench the choler you <i>foment</i> in
vain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>         Exciting and <i>fomenting</i> a religious
rebellion.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo`men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [&?;.
<i>fomentatio</i>: cf. F. <i>fomentation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of fomenting; the
application of warm, soft, medicinal substances, as for the purpose
of easing pain, by relaxing the skin, or of discussing tumors.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The lotion applied to a diseased
part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excitation; instigation;
encouragement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dishonest <i>fomentation</i> of your
pride.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo*ment"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
foments; one who encourages or instigates; as, a <i>fomenter</i> of
sedition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fo"mes</hw> (f&omacr;"m&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Fomites</b></plw> (f&obreve;m"&ibreve;*t&emacr;z).
[L. <i>fomes</i>, <i>-itis</i>, touch-wood, tinder.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Any substance supposed to be capable of absorbing, retaining,
and transporting contagious or infectious germs; as, woolen clothes
are said to be active <i>fomites</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fon</hw> (f&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin;
cf. Icel. <i>f&amacr;ni</i> silly, <i>f&amacr;na</i> to act silly,
Sw. <i>f&aring;ne</i> fool.  Cf. <u>Fond</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>A fool; an idiot.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fond</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Find</u>.  Found.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fond</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>   [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Fonder</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Fondest</u>.] [For
<i>fonned</i>, p. p. of OE. <i>fonnen</i> to be foolish. See
<u>Fon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foolish; silly; simple;
weak.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Grant I may never prove so <i>fond</i><BR>
To trust man on his oath or bond.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Foolishly tender and loving; weakly
indulgent; over-affectionate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Affectionate; loving; tender; -- in a good
sense; as, a <i>fond</i> mother or wife.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Loving; much pleased; affectionately
regardful, indulgent, or desirous; longing or yearning; --  followed
by <i>of</i> (formerly also by <i>on</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>           More <i>fond</i> on her than she upon her
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>           You are as <i>fond</i> of grief as of your
child.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>     A great traveler, and <i>fond</i> of telling his
adventures.</blockquote> <i>Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Doted on; regarded with affection.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote> Nor fix on <i>fond</i> abodes to circumscribe thy
prayer.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Trifling; valued by folly; trivial.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fond</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To caress; to
fondle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>    The Tyrian hugs and <i>fonds</i> thee on her
breast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fond</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be fond; to
dote.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fond"e</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fandian</i> to try.] <def>To endeavor; to strive; to try.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fon"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fondled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fondling</u> (?).] [From <u>Fond</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<def>To treat or handle with tenderness or in a loving manner; to
caress; as, a nurse <i>fondles</i> a child.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Caress</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fon"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
fondles.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fon"dling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Fondle</u>.]
<def>The act of caressing; manifestation of tenderness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>          Cyrus made no . . . amorous
<i>fondling</i><BR>
          To fan her pride, or melt her guardless heart.</blockquote>
<i>Mickle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fond"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fond</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing fondled or
caressed; one treated with foolish or doting affection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fondlings</i> are in danger to be made
fools.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fool; a simpleton; a ninny.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fond"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Foolishly.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Verstegan (1673).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>          Make him speak <i>fondly</i> like a frantic
man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a fond manner; affectionately;
tenderly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>      My heart, untraveled, <i>fondly</i> turns to
thee.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fond"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being fond; foolishness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fondness</i> it were for any, being free,<BR>
To covet fetters, though they golden be.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Doting affection; tender liking; strong
appetite, propensity, or relish; as, he had a <i>fondness</i> for
truffles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>       My heart had still some foolish <i>fondness</i>
for thee.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Attachment; affection; love; kindness.</p>

<p><hw>Fon"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>fondant</i>
flux.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A large copper vessel used for hot
amalgamation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fon`dus"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fondu</i>,
prop. p. p. of <i>fondre</i> to melt, blend. See <u>Found</u> to
cast.] <def>A style of printing calico, paper hangings, etc., in
which the colors are in bands and graduated into each other.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Foe</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fong"e</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Fang</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To take; to receive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fon"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Fon</u>.]
<def>Foolishly; fondly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fon"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fon.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Font</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fonte</i>, fr.
<i>fondre</i> to melt or cast. See <u>Found</u> to cast, and cf.
<u>Fount</u> a font.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A complete assortment of
printing type of one size, including a due proportion of all the
letters in the alphabet, large and small, points, accents, and
whatever else is necessary for printing with that variety of types; a
fount.</def></p>

<p><hw>Font</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>font</i>, <i>fant</i>,
fr. L. <i>fons</i>, <i>fontis</i>, spring, fountain; cf. OF.
<i>font</i>, <i>funt</i>, F. <i>fonts</i>, <i>fonts baptismaux</i>,
pl. See <u>Fount</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fountain; a spring;
a source.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>      Bathing forever in the <i>font</i> of
bliss.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A basin or stone vessel in which water is
contained for baptizing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>           That name was given me at the
<i>font</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Font"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
font, fountain, source, or origin; original; primitive.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>         From the <i>fontal</i> light of ideas only
can a man draw intellectual power.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fon"ta*nel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fontanelle</i>, prop., a little fountain, fr. <i>fontaine</i>
fountain. See <u>Fountain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An issue or artificial ulcer for the discharge of humors from
the body.</def>[Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the membranous
intervals between the incompleted angles of the parietal and
neighboring bones of a fetal or young skull; -- so called because it
exhibits a rhythmical pulsation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the human fetus there are six fontanels, of which the
anterior, or bregmatic, situated at the junction of the coronal and
sagittal sutures, is much the largest, and remains open a
considerable time after birth.</p>

<p><hw>||Fon`ta`nelle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Fontanel</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fon`tange"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from the name
of the first wearer, Mlle. de <i>Fontanges</i>, about 1679.] <def>A
kind of tall headdress formerly worn.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Food</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fode</i>, AS.
<i>f&omacr;da</i>; akin to Icel. <i>f&aelig;&eth;a</i>,
<i>f&aelig;&eth;i</i>, Sw. <i>f&ouml;da</i>, Dan. &amp; LG.
<i>f&ouml;de</i>, OHG. <i>fatunga</i>, Gr. <grk>patei^sthai</grk> to
eat, and perh. to Skr. <i>p&amacr;</i> to protect, L. <i>pascere</i>
to feed, pasture, <i>pabulum</i> food, E. <i>pasture</i>. &radic;75.
Cf. <u>Feed</u>, <u>Fodder</u> food, <u>Foster</u> to cherish.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>What is fed upon; that which goes to support
life by being received within, and assimilated by, the organism of an
animal or a plant; nutriment; aliment; especially, what is eaten by
animals for nourishment.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a physiological sense, true aliment is to be
distinguished as that portion of the food which is capable of being
digested and absorbed into the blood, thus furnishing nourishment, in
distinction from the indigestible matter which passes out through the
alimentary canal as f&aelig;ces.</p>

<p>&fist; Foods are divided into two main groups: <i>nitrogenous</i>,
or <i>proteid</i>, foods, <i>i.e.</i>, those which contain nitrogen,
and <i>nonnitrogenous</i>, <i>i.e.</i>, those which do not contain
nitrogen. The latter group embraces the fats and carbohydrates, which
collectively are sometimes termed <i>heat producers</i> or
<i>respiratory foods</i>, since by oxidation in the body they
especially subserve the production of heat. The proteids, on the
other hand, are known as <i>plastic foods</i> or <i>tissue
formers</i>, since no tissue can be formed without them.  These
latter terms, however, are misleading, since proteid foods may also
give rise to heat both directly and indirectly, and the fats and
carbohydrates are useful in other ways than in producing heat.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that instructs the intellect,
excites the feelings, or molds habits of character; that which
nourishes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This may prove <i>food</i> to my
displeasure.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In this moment there is life and <i>food</i><BR>
For future years.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Food</i> is often used adjectively or in self-explaining
compounds, as in <i>food</i> fish or <i>food</i>-fish, <i>food</i>
supply.</p>

<p><col><b>Food vacuole</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the
spaces in the interior of a protozoan in which food is contained,
during digestion.</cd> -- <col><b>Food yolk</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Yolk</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Aliment; sustenance; nutriment; feed; fare;
victuals; provisions; meat.</p>

<p><hw>Food</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply with
food.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Baret.</i></p>

<p><! p. 580 !></p>

<p><hw>Food"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of food;
supplying food; fruitful; fertile.</def> "The <i>foodful</i> earth."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bent by its <i>foodful</i> burden [the
corn].</blockquote> <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><hw>Food"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without food;
barren.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Food"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Eatable;
fruitful.</def> [R.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fool</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>fouler</i> to
tread, crush.  Cf. 1st <u>Foil</u>.] <def>A compound of gooseberries
scalded and crushed, with cream; -- commonly called <i>gooseberry
fool</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fool</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fol</i>, n. &amp; adj., F.
<i>fol</i>, <i>fou</i>, foolish, mad; a fool, prob. fr. L.
<i>follis</i> a bellows, wind bag, an inflated ball; perh. akin to E.
<i>bellows</i>.  Cf. <u>Folly</u>, <u>Follicle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One destitute of reason, or of the common
powers of understanding; an idiot; a natural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person deficient in intellect; one who
acts absurdly, or pursues a course contrary to the dictates of
wisdom; one without judgment; a simpleton; a dolt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>           Extol not riches, then, the toil of
<i>fools</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> Experience keeps a dear school, but <i>fools</i> will
learn in no <i>other</i>.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>One who acts contrary to
moral and religious wisdom; a wicked person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>    The <i>fool</i> hath said in his heart, There is
no God.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xiv. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who counterfeits folly; a professional
jester or buffoon; a retainer formerly kept to make sport, dressed
fantastically in motley, with ridiculous accouterments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>         Can they think me . . . their <i>fool</i> or
jester?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>April fool</b></col>, <col><b>Court fool</b></col>, etc.
<cd>See under <u>April</u>, <u>Court</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fool's
cap</b></col>, <cd>a cap or hood to which bells were usually
attached, formerly worn by professional jesters.</cd> --
<col><b>Fool's errand</b></col>, <cd>an unreasonable, silly,
profitless adventure or undertaking.</cd> -- <col><b>Fool's
gold</b></col>, <cd>iron or copper pyrites, resembling gold in
color.</cd> -- <col><b>Fool's paradise</b></col>, <cd>a name applied
to a limbo (see under <u>Limbo</u>) popularly believed to be the
region of vanity and nonsense. Hence, any foolish pleasure or
condition of vain self-satistaction.</cd> -- <col><b>Fool's
parsley</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an annual umbelliferous plant
(<i>&AElig;thusa Cynapium</i>) resembling parsley, but nauseous and
poisonous.</cd> -- <col><b>To make a fool of</b></col>, <cd>to render
ridiculous; to outwit; to shame.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To play
the fool</b></col>, <cd>to act the buffoon; to act a foolish
part.</cd> "I have <i>played the fool</i>, and have erred
exceedingly." <i>1 Sam. xxvi. 21.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fool</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fooled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fooling</u>.] <def>To play the fool; to trifle; to toy; to spend
time in idle sport or mirth.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Is this a time for <i>fooling</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fool</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
infatuate; to make foolish.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For, <i>fooled</i> with hope, men favor the
deceit.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use as a fool; to deceive in a shameful
or mortifying manner; to impose upon; to cheat by inspiring foolish
confidence; as, to <i>fool</i> one out of his money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are <i>fooled</i>, discarded, and shook off<BR>
By him for whom these shames ye underwent.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fool away</b></col>, <cd>to get rid of foolishly; to
spend in trifles, idleness, folly, or without advantage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Foo"lahs`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Foolah</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Fulahs</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fool"-born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Begotten by a
fool.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fool"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fooleries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
practice of folly; the behavior of a fool; absurdity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Folly in fools bears not so strong a note,<BR>
As <i>foolery</i> in the wise, when wit doth dote.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act of folly or weakness; a foolish
practice; something absurd or nonsensical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That Pythagoras, Plato, or Orpheus, believed in any of
these <i>fooleries</i>, it can not be suspected.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fool"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The orange filefish. See
<u>Filefish</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The winter flounder.
See <u>Flounder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fool"-hap`py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lucky,
without judgment or contrivance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fool"har`di*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being foolhardy; foolhardiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fool"har`di*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
foolhardy manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fool"har`di*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Courage
without sense or judgment; foolish rashness; recklessness.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fool"har`dise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fool</i>, F.
<i>fol</i>, <i>fou</i> + F. <i>hardiesse</i> boldness.]
<def>Foolhardiness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fool"har`dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>folhardi</i>. See <u>Fool</u> idiot, and <u>Hardy</u>.]
<def>Daring without judgment; foolishly adventurous and bold.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rash; venturesome; venturous; precipitate;
reckless; headlong; incautious. See <u>Rash</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fool"-has`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foolishly
hasty.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fool"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Fool</i> +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To make a fool of; to befool.</def> [R.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fool"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Marked with, or exhibiting, folly; void of understanding; weak
in intellect; without judgment or discretion; silly;
unwise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>           I am a very <i>foolish</i> fond old
man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Such as a fool would do; proceeding from
weakness of mind or silliness; exhibiting a want of judgment or
discretion; as, a <i>foolish</i> act.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Absurd; ridiculous; despicable;
contemptible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>                 A <i>foolish</i> figure he must
make.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Absurd; shallow; shallow-brained; brainless;
simple; irrational; unwise; imprudent; indiscreet; incautious; silly;
ridiculous; vain; trifling; contemptible. See <u>Absurd</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fool"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a foolish
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fool"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being foolish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A foolish practice; an
absurdity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> The preaching of the cross is to them that perish
<i>foolishness</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. i. 18.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fool"-large`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>follarge</i>. See <u>Fool</u>, and <u>Large</u>.] <def>Foolishly
liberal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fool"-lar*gesse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fool-
large</u>, <u>Largess</u>.] <def>Foolish expenditure; waste.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fools"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the
watermark of a <i>fool's cap and bells</i> used by old paper makers.
See <i>Fool's cap</i>, under <u>Fool</u>.] <def>A writing paper made
in sheets, ordinarily 16 x 13 inches, and folded so as to make a page
13 x 8 inches. See <u>Paper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot</hw> (f&oocr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Feet</b></plw> (f&emacr;t). [OE. <i>fot</i>, <i>foot</i>, pl.
<i>fet</i>, <i>feet</i>. AS. <i>f&omacr;t</i>, pl. <i>f&emacr;t</i>;
akin to D. <i>voet</i>, OHG. <i>fuoz</i>, G. <i>fuss</i>, Icel.
<i>f&omacr;tr</i>, Sw. <i>fot</i>, Dan. <i>fod</i>, Goth.
<i>f&omacr;tus</i>, L. <i>pes</i>, Gr. <grk>poy`s</grk>, Skr.
<i>p&amacr;d</i>, Icel. <i>fet</i> step, pace measure of a foot,
<i>feta</i> to step, find one's way. &radic;77, 250.  Cf.
<u>Antipodes</u>, <u>Cap-a-pie</u>, <u>Expedient</u>, <u>Fet</u> to
fetch, <u>Fetlock</u>, <u>Fetter</u>, <u>Pawn</u> a piece in chess,
<u>Pedal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The terminal
part of the leg of man or an animal; esp., the part below the ankle
or wrist; that part of an animal upon which it rests when standing,
or moves. See <u>Manus</u>, and <u>Pes</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The muscular
locomotive organ of a mollusk. It is a median organ arising from the
ventral region of body, often in the form of a flat disk, as in
snails. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Buccinum</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which corresponds to the foot of a
man or animal; as, the <i>foot</i> of a table; the <i>foot</i> of a
stocking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The lowest part or base; the ground part;
the bottom, as of a mountain or column; also, the last of a row or
series; the end or extremity, esp. if associated with inferiority;
as, the <i>foot</i> of a hill; the <i>foot</i> of the procession; the
<i>foot</i> of a class; the <i>foot</i> of the bed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>                                  And now at
<i>foot</i><BR>
         Of heaven's ascent they lift their feet.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fundamental principle; basis; plan; --
used only in the singular.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>     Answer directly upon the <i>foot</i> of dry
reason.</blockquote> <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Recognized condition; rank; footing; --
used only in the singular.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>        As to his being on the <i>foot</i> of a
servant.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A measure of length equivalent to twelve
inches; one third of a yard. See <u>Yard</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This measure is supposed to be taken from the length of a
man's foot. It differs in length in different countries. In the
United States and in England it is 304.8 millimeters.</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Soldiers who march and fight
on foot; the infantry, usually designated as <i>the foot</i>, in
distinction from the cavalry.</def> "Both horse and <i>foot</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A combination of syllables
consisting a metrical element of a verse, the syllables being
formerly distinguished by their quantity or length, but in modern
poetry by the accent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The lower edge of a
sail.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Foot</i> is often used adjectively, signifying <i>of or
pertaining to a foot or the feet</i>, <i>or to the base or lower
part</i>. It is also much used as the first of compounds.</p>

<p> <col><b>Foot artillery</b></col>. <i>(Mil.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Artillery soldiers serving in foot.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Heavy artillery.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> --
<col><b>Foot bank</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>a raised way within a
parapet.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot barracks</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>barracks for infantery.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot bellows</b></col>,
<cd>a bellows worked by a treadle.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Foot company</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a company of
infantry.</cd> <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>Foot gear</b></col>,
<cd>covering for the feet, as stocking, shoes, or boots.</cd> --
<col><b>Foot hammer</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a small tilt hammer
moved by a treadle.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot iron</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The step of a carriage.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A fetter.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot jaw</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Maxilliped</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot
key</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an organ pedal.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot
level</b></col> <i>(Gunnery)</i>, <cd>a form of level used in giving
any proposed angle of elevation to a piece of ordnance.</cd>
<i>Farrow.</i> -- <col><b>Foot mantle</b></col>, <cd>a long garment
to protect the dress in riding; a riding skirt.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>Foot page</b></col>, <cd>an errand boy; an attendant.</cd>
[Obs.] -- <col><b>Foot passenger</b></col>, <cd>one who passes on
foot, as over a road or bridge.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot
pavement</b></col>, <cd>a paved way for foot passengers; a footway; a
trottoir.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot poet</b></col>, <cd>an inferior poet;
a poetaster.</cd> [R.] <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>Foot post</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A letter carrier who travels on foot.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A mail delivery by means of such
carriers.</cd> -- <col><b>Fot pound</b></col>, &and; <col><b>Foot
poundal</b></col>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>See <u>Foot pound</u> and
<u>Foot poundal</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot
press</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a cutting, embossing, or printing
press, moved by a treadle.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot race</b></col>, <cd>a
race run by persons on foot.</cd> <i>Cowper.</i> -- <col><b>Foot
rail</b></col>, <cd>a railroad rail, with a wide flat flange on the
lower side.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot rot</b></col>, <cd>an ulcer in the
feet of sheep; claw sickness.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot rule</b></col>,
<cd>a rule or measure twelve inches long.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot
screw</b></col>, <cd>an adjusting screw which forms a foot, and
serves to give a machine or table a level standing on an uneven
place.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot secretion</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Sclerobase</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot soldier</b></col>,
<cd>a soldier who serves on foot.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot
stick</b></col> <i>(Printing)</i>, <cd>a beveled piece of furniture
placed against the foot of the page, to hold the type in place.</cd>
-- <col><b>Foot stove</b></col>, <cd>a small box, with an iron pan,
to hold hot coals for warming the feet.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot
tubercle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Parapodium</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot valve</b></col> <i>(Steam
Engine)</i>, <cd>the valve that opens to the air pump from the
condenser.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot vise</b></col>, <cd>a kind of vise
the jaws of which are operated by a treadle.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot
waling</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the inside planks or lining of a
vessel over the floor timbers.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Foot
wall</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>the under wall of an inclosed
vein.</cd></p>

<p> <col><b>By foot</b></col>, or <col><b>On foot</b></col>, <cd>by
walking; as, to pass a stream <i>on foot</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cubic
foot</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cubic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot and
mouth disease</b></col>, <cd>a contagious disease <i>(Eczema
epizo&ouml;tica)</i> of cattle, sheep, swine, etc., characterized by
the formation of vesicles and ulcers in the mouth and about the
hoofs.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot of the fine</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>the concluding portion of an acknowledgment in court by which,
formerly, the title of land was conveyed. See <i>Fine of land</i>,
under <u>Fine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; also <u>Chirograph</u>.
(b).</cd> -- <col><b>Square foot</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Square</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To be on foot</b></col>, <cd>to be in
motion, action, or process of execution.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep the
foot</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>to preserve decorum.</cd>
"<i>Keep thy foot</i> when thou goest to the house of God." <i>Eccl.
v. 1.</i> -- <col><b>To put one's foot down</b></col>, <cd>to take a
resolute stand; to be determined.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To put
the best foot foremost</b></col>, <cd>to make a good appearance; to
do one's best.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To set on foot</b></col>,
<cd>to put in motion; to originate; as, <i>to set on foot</i> a
subscription.</cd> -- <col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>put, or
set</b></col>, <col><b>one on his feet</b></col>, <cd>to put one in a
position to go on; to assist to start.</cd> -- <col><b>Under
foot</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Under the feet; (Fig.) at
one's mercy; as, to trample <i>under foot</i>.</cd> <i>Gibbon.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Below par.</cd> [Obs.] "They would be forced
to sell . . . far <i>under foot</i>." <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Footed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Footing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tread to measure or
music; to dance; to trip; to skip.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk; -- opposed to <i>ride</i> or
<i>fly</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
kick with the foot; to spurn.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set on foot; to establish; to
land.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What confederacy have you with the traitors<BR>
Late <i>footed</i> in the kingdom?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To tread; as, to <i>foot</i> the
green.</def>  <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To sum up, as the numbers in a column; --
sometimes with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>foot</i> (or <i>foot</i> up) an
account.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To seize or strike with the talon.</def>
[Poet.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To renew the foot of, as of a
stocking.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To foot a bill</b></col>, <cd>to pay it.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To foot it</b></col>, <cd>to walk; also, to dance.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>If you are for a merry jaunt, I'll try, for once, who
can <i>foot it</i> farthest.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inflated
ball to be kicked in sport, usually made in India rubber, or a
bladder incased in Leather.</def>  <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The game of kicking the football by
opposing parties of players between goals.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"band`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A band of foot
soldiers.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Foot"bath`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bath for the
feet; also, a vessel used in bathing the feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A board or narrow platfrom upon which one may stand or brace his
feet</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The platform for the
engineer and fireman of a locomotive.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The foot-rest of a coachman's box.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A board forming the foot of a
bedstead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A treadle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"boy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A page; an
attendant in livery; a lackey.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"breadth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The breadth
of a foot; -- used as a measure.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not so much as a <i>footbreadth</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. ii. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"bridge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A narrow
bridge for foot passengers only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"cloth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Formerly, a
housing or caparison for a horse.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a foot or feet; shaped in the foot.</def> "<i>Footed</i>
like a goat."  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Footed</i> is often used in composition in the sense of
<i>having</i> (<i>such</i> or <i>so many</i>) <i>feet</i>; as,
four<i>footed</i> beasts.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a foothold; established.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our king . . . is <i>footed</i> in this land
already.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"fall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A setting down
of the foot; a footstep; the sound of a footstep.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Seraphim, whose <i>footfalls</i> tinkled on the tufted
floor.</blockquote> <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"fight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A conflict by
persons on foot; -- distinguished from a fight on horseback.</def>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"glove`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
stocking.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Foot" Guards`</hw> (?), <pos><i>pl.</i></pos> <def>Infantry
soldiers belonging to select regiments called the Guards.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Foot"halt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A disease
affecting the feet of sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"hill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low hill at
the foot of higher hills or mountains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"hold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A holding with
the feet; firm standing; that on which one may tread or rest
securely; footing.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"hook`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <u>Futtock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"hot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Hastily;
immediately; instantly; on the spot; hotfoot.</def>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Custance have they taken anon,
<i>foothot</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ground for the foot; place for the foot to rest on; firm
foundation to stand on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In ascent, every step gained is a <i>footing</i> and
help to the next.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Standing; position; established place;
basis for operation; permanent settlement; foothold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As soon as he had obtained a <i>footing</i> at court,
the charms of his manner . . . made him a favorite.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relative condition; state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lived on a <i>footing</i> of equality with
nobles.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Tread; step; especially, measured
tread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hark, I hear the <i>footing</i> of a man.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of adding up a column of figures;
the amount or sum total of such a column.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The act of putting a foot to anything;
also, that which is added as a foot; as, the <i>footing</i> of a
stocking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A narrow cotton lace, without
figures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The finer refuse part of whale blubber,
not wholly deprived of oil.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Arch. &amp; Enging.)</i> <def>The thickened or
sloping portion of a wall, or of an embankment at its foot.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Footing course</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>one of the
courses of masonry at the foot of a wall, broader than the courses
above.</cd> -- <col><b>To pay one's footing</b></col>, <cd>to pay a
fee on first doing anything, as working at a trade or in a shop.</cd>
<i>Wright.</i> -- <col><b>Footing beam</b></col>, <cd>the tie beam of
a roof.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Foot"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"lick`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sycophant;
a fawner; a toady.  Cf. <u>Bootlick</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a row
of lights in the front of the stage in a theater, etc., and on a
level therewith.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Before the footlights</b></col>, <cd>upon the stage; --
hence, in the capacity of an actor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Foot"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Footmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A soldier
who marches and fights on foot; a foot soldier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man in waiting; a male servant whose
duties are to attend the door, the carriage, the table,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, a servant who ran in front of
his master's carriage; a runner.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A metallic stand with four feet, for
keeping anything warm before a fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A moth of the family
<i>Lithosid&aelig;</i>; -- so called from its livery-like
colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Art or skill of
a footman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A footprint; a
track or vestige.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"note`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A note of
reference or comment at the foot of a page.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"pace`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A walking pace or step.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dais, or elevated platform; the highest
step of the altar; a landing in a staircase.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"pad`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A highwayman or
robber on foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"path`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Footpaths</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A narrow path or way for
pedestrains only; a footway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"plate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Locomotives)</i> <def>See <u>Footboard</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot" pound`</hw> (?). <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A unit of energy,
or work, being equal to the work done in raising one pound
avoirdupois against the force of gravity the height of one
foot.</def></p>

<p><! p. 581 !></p>

<p><hw>Foot" pound`al</hw> (?). <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A unit of energy
or work, equal to the work done in moving a body through one foot
against the force of one poundal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"print`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The impression
of the foot; a trace or footmark; as, "<i>Footprints</i> of the
Creator."</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"rope`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Aut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The rope rigged below a yard, upon which men
stand when reefing or furling; -- formerly called a
<i>horse</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That part of the
boltrope to which the lower edge of a sail is sewed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foots</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The settlings of
oil, molasses, etc., at the bottom of a barrel or hogshead.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"-sore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having sore or
tender feet, as by reason of much walking; as, <i>foot-sore</i>
cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"stalk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The stalk of a leaf or of flower; a petiole,
pedicel, or reduncle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The peduncle or stem by which various marine animals are
attached, as certain brachiopods and goose barnacles.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The stem which supports which supports the
eye in decapod Crustacea; eyestalk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The lower part of a
millstone spindle. It rests in a step.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foot"stall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Pedestal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The stirrup of a woman's
saddle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The plinth or base of a
pillar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"step`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The mark or impression of the foot; a track; hence, visible sign
of a course pursued; token; mark; as, the <i>footsteps</i> of divine
wisdom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How on the faltering <i>footsteps</i> of decay<BR>
Youth presses.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inclined plane under a hand printing
press.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"stone`</hw> (?; 110), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The stone
at the foot of a grave; -- opposed to <i>headstone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"stool`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low stool to
support the feet of one when sitting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A passage for
pedestrians only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"worn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worn by, or
weared in, the feet; as, a <i>footworn</i> path; a <i>footworn</i>
traveler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having <i>foots</i>, or settlings; as, <i>footy</i> oil,
molasses, etc.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Poor; mean.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>foppe</i>,
<i>fop</i>, fool; cf. E. <i>fob</i> to cheat, G. <i>foppen</i> to
make a fool of one, jeer, D. <i>foppen</i>.] <def>One whose ambition
it is to gain admiration by showy dress; a coxcomb; an inferior
dandy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fop"-doo`dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stupid or
insignificant fellow; a fool; a simpleton.</def> [R.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fop"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A petty
fop.</def>  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fop"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fopperies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Fop</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The behavior, dress, or other indication of a
fop; coxcombry; affectation of show; showy folly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Folly; foolery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not the sound of shallow <i>foppery</i> enter<BR>
My sober house.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fop"pish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foplike;
characteristic of a top in dress or manners; making an ostentatious
display of gay clothing; affected in manners.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Finical; spruce; dandyish. See <u>Finical</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Fop"pish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fop"pish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>For-</hw> (&?;). [AS. <i>for-</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>ver</i>-
, OHG. <i>fir</i>-, Icel. <i>for</i>-, Goth. <i>fra</i>-, cf. Skr.
<i>par&amacr;-</i> away, Gr. &?; beside, and E. <i>far</i>, adj.  Cf.
<u>Fret</u> to rub.] <def>A prefix to verbs, having usually the force
of a negative or privative. It often implies also <i>loss</i>,
<i>detriment</i>, or <i>destruction</i>, and sometimes it is
intensive, meaning <i>utterly</i>, <i>quite thoroughly</i>, as in
<i>for</i>bathe.</def></p>

<p><hw>For</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [AS. <i>for</i>,
<i>fore</i>; akin to OS. <i>for</i>, <i>fora</i>, <i>furi</i>, D.
<i>voor</i>, OHG. <i>fora</i>, G. <i>vor</i>, OHG. <i>furi</i>, G.
<i>f&uuml;r</i>, Icel. <i>fyrir</i>, Sw. <i>f&ouml;r</i>, Dan.
<i>for</i>, adv. <i>f&ouml;r</i>, Goth. <i>fa&uacute;r</i>,
<i>fa&uacute;ra</i>, L. <i>pro</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>pra</i>-.
&radic; 202.  Cf. <u>Fore</u>, <u>First</u>, <u>Foremost</u>,
<u>Forth</u>, <u>Pro</u>-.] <def>In the most general sense,
indicating that in consideration of, in view of, or with reference
to, which anything is done or takes place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Indicating the antecedent cause or
occasion of an action; the motive or inducement accompanying and
prompting to an act or state; the reason of anything; that on account
of which a thing is or is done.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With fiery eyes sparkling <i>for</i> very
wrath.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How to choose dogs <i>for</i> scent or
speed.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, <i>for</i> so many glorious actions done,<BR>
<i>For</i> peace at home, and <i>for</i> the public wealth,<BR>
I mean to crown a bowl <i>for</i> C&aelig;sar's health.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That which we, <i>for</i> our unworthiness, are afraid
to crave, our prayer is, that God, <i>for</i> the worthiness of his
Son, would, notwithstanding, vouchsafe to grant.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indicating the remoter and indirect object
of an act; the end or final cause with reference to which anything
is, acts, serves, or is done.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The oak <i>for</i> nothing ill,<BR>
The osier good <i>for</i> twigs, the poplar <i>for</i> the
mill.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was young counsel <i>for</i> the persons, and
violent counsel <i>for</i> the matters.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall I think the worls was made <i>for one</i>,<BR>
And men are born <i>for</i> kings, as beasts <i>for</i> men,<BR>
Not <i>for</i> protection, but to be devoured?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For he writes not <i>for</i> money, nor <i>for</i>
praise.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Indicating that in favor of which, or in
promoting which, anything is, or is done; hence, in behalf of; in
favor of; on the side of; -- opposed to <i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We can do nothing against the truth, but <i>for</i>
the truth.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. xiii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>for</i> the general good of human society,
and consequently of particular persons, to be true and just; and it
is <i>for</i> men's health to be temperate.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Aristotle is <i>for</i> poetical justice.</blockquote>
<i>Dennis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Indicating that toward which the action of
anything is directed, or the point toward which motion is made;
&?;ntending to go to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We sailed from Peru <i>for</i> China and
Japan.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Indicating that on place of or instead of
which anything acts or serves, or that to which a substitute, an
equivalent, a compensation, or the like, is offered or made; instead
of, or place of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And if any mischief follow, then thou shalt give life
<i>for</i> life, eye <i>for</i> eye, tooth <i>for</i> tooth, hand
<i>for</i> hand, foot <i>for</i> foot.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxi. 23,
24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Indicating that in the character of or as
being which anything is regarded or treated; to be, or as
being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We take a falling meteor <i>for</i> a
star.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man can be fully assured of anything <i>for</i> a
truth, without having examined, what is there that he may not embrace
<i>for</i> tru&?;?</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Most of our ingenious young men take up some cried-
up English poet for</i> their model.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But let her go <i>for</i> an ungrateful
woman.</blockquote> <i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Indicating that instead of which something
else controls in the performing of an action, or that in spite of
which anything is done, occurs, or is; hence, equivalent to
<i>notwithstanding</i>, <i>in spite of</i>; -- generally followed by
<i>all</i>, <i>aught</i>, <i>anything</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The writer will do what she please <i>for</i> all
me.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God's desertion shall, <i>for</i> aught he knows, the
next minute supervene.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>For</i> anything that legally appears to the
contrary, it may be a contrivance to fright us.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Indicating the space or time through which
an action or state extends; hence, during; in or through the space or
time of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>For</i> many miles about<BR>
There 's scarce a bush.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Since, hired <i>for</i> life, thy servile muse
sing.</blockquote> <i>prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To guide the sun's bright chariot <i>for</i> a
day.</blockquote> <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Indicating that in prevention of which, or
through fear of which, anything is done.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We 'll have a bib, <i>for</i> spoiling of thy
doublet.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>For</b></col>, or <col><b>As for</b></col>, <cd>so far as
concerns; as regards; with reference to; -- used parenthetically or
independently. See under <u>As</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>As for</i> me and my house, we will serve the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Josh. xxiv. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>For</i> me, my stormy voyage at an end,<BR>
I to the port of death securely tend.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>For all that</b></col>, <cd>notwithstanding; in spite
of.</cd> -- <col><b>For all the world</b></col>, <cd>wholly;
exactly.</cd> "Whose posy was, <i>for all the world</i>, like
cutlers' poetry." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>For as much as</b></col>,
or <col><b>Forasmuch as</b></col>, <cd>in consideration that; seeing
that; since.</cd> -- <col><b>For by</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Forby</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>For ever</b></col>,
<cd>eternally; at all times. See <u>Forever</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>For
me</b></col>, or <col><b>For all me</b></col>, <cd>as far as regards
me.</cd> -- <col><b>For my life</b></col>, or <col><b>For the life of
me</b></col>, <cd>if my life depended on it.</cd> [Colloq.] <i>T.
Hook.</i> -- <col><b>For that</b></col>, <col><b>For the reason
that</b></col>, <cd>because; since.</cd> [Obs.] "<i>For that</i> I
love your daughter." <i>Shak.</i>  -- <col><b>For thy</b></col>, or
<col><b>Forthy</b></col> [AS. <i>for&?;&?;</i>.], <cd>for this; on
this account.</cd> [Obs.] "Thomalin, have no care <i>for thy</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i> -- <col><b>For to</b></col>, <cd>as sign of
infinitive, in order to; to the end of.</cd> [Obs., except as
sometimes heard in illiterate speech.] -- "What went ye out <i>for
to</i> see?" <i>Luke vii. 25.</i> See <u>To</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos>, 4. -- <col><b>O for</b></col>, <cd>would
that I had; may there be granted; -- elliptically expressing desire
or prayer.</cd> "<i>O for</i> a muse of fire." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Were it not for</b></col>, or <col><b>If it were not
for</b></col>, <cd>leaving out of account; but for the presence or
action of.</cd> "Moral consideration can no way move the sensible
appetite, <i>were it not for</i> the will." <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>For</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Because; by reason that; for that; indicating, in Old English,
the reason of anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>for</i> of long that way had walk&eacute;d
none,<BR>
The vault was hid with plants and bushes hoar.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And Heaven defend your good souls, that you think<BR>
I will your serious and great business scant,<BR>
<i>For</i> she with me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Since; because; introducing a reason of
something before advanced, a cause, motive, explanation,
justification, or the like, of an action related or a statement made.
It is logically nearly equivalent to <i>since</i>, or <i>because</i>,
but connects less closely, and is sometimes used as a very general
introduction to something suggested by what has gone
before.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give thanks unto the Lord; <i>for</i> he is good;
<i>for</i> his mercy endureth forever.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxxvi.
1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven doth with us as we with torches do,<BR>
Not light them for themselves; <i>for</i> if our virtues<BR>
Did not go forth of us, 't were all alike<BR>
As if we had them not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>For because</b></col>, <cd>because.</cd> [Obs.] "Nor
<i>for because</i> they set less store by their own citizens."
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i> -- <col><b>For why</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Why; for that reason; wherefore.</cd> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Because.</cd> [Obs.] See <u>Forwhy</u>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Because</u>.</p>

<p><hw>For</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes, or that
which is said on, the affrimative side; that which is said in favor
of some one or something; -- the antithesis of <i>against</i>, and
commonly used in connection with it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The fors and against</b></col>. <cd>those in favor and
those opposed; the pros and the cons; the advantages and the
disadvantages.</cd>  <i>Jane Austen.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>fourage</i>, F. <i>fourrage</i>, fr. <i>forre</i>, <i>fuerre</i>,
fodder, straw, F. <i>feurre</i>, fr. LL. <i>foderum</i>,
<i>fodrum</i>, of German or Scand, origin; cf. OHG. <i>fuotar</i>, G.
<i>futter</i>. See <u>Fodder</u> food, and cf. <u>Foray</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of foraging; search for provisions,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [the lion] from <i>forage</i> will incline to
play.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One way a band select from <i>forage</i> drives<BR>
A herd of beeves, fair oxen and fair kine.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mawhood completed his <i>forage</i>
unmolested.</blockquote> <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Food of any kind for animals, especially
for horses and cattle, as grass, pasture, hay, corn, oats.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Forage cap</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cap</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Forage master</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a person charged
with providing forage and the means of transporting it.</cd>
<i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"age</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Foraged</u> ; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Foraging</u> (?).] <def>To wander or rove in search of food; to
collect food, esp. forage, for horses and cattle by feeding on or
stripping the country; to ravage; to feed on spoil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His most mighty father on a hill<BR>
Stood smiling to behold his lion's whelp<BR>
<i>Forage</i> in blood of French nobility.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Foraging ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
several species of ants of the genus <i>Eciton</i>, very abundant in
tropical America, remarkable for marching in vast armies in search of
food.</cd> -- <col><b>Foraging cap</b></col>, <cd>a forage cap.</cd>
-- <col><b>Foraging party</b></col>, <cd>a party sent out after
forage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>For"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strip of
provisions; to supply with forage; as, to <i>forage</i> steeds.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
forages.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"a*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>forare</i> to
bore + <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A tubelike marking,
occuring in sandstone and other strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fo*ra"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Foramina</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Foramines</b></plw> (#).
[L., fr. <i>forare</i> to bore, pierce.] <def>A small opening,
perforation, or orifice; a fenestra.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Foramen of Monro</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the opening
from each lateral into the third ventricle of the brain.</cd> --
<col><b>Foramen of Winslow</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the opening
connecting the sac of the omentum with the general cavity of the
peritoneum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fo*ram"i*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>foraminatus</i>.] <def>Having small opening, or
foramina.</def></p>

<p><hw>For`a*min"i*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Foraminifera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fo*ram`i*nif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>foramen</i>, <i>-aminis</i>, a foramen + <i>ferre</i> to
bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive order of rhizopods which
generally have a chambered calcareous shell formed by several united
zooids. Many of them have perforated walls, whence the name. Some
species are covered with sand. See <u>Rhizophoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo*ram`i*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having small openings, or foramina.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or composed of,
Foraminifera; as, <i>foraminiferous</i> mud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo*ram"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>foraminosus</i>.] <def>Having foramina; full of holes;
porous.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>For`as*much"</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>In
consideration that; seeing that; since; because that; -- followed by
<i>as</i>. <i>See under</i> <u>For</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>For"ay</hw> (f&obreve;r"&asl; <i>or</i> f&osl;*r&amacr;";
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Another form of <i>forahe</i>.  Cf.
<u>Forray</u>.] <def>A sudden or irregular incursion in border
warfare; hence, any irregular incursion for war or spoils; a
raid.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The huge Earl Doorm, . . . <BR>
Bound on a <i>foray</i>, rolling eyes of prey.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"ay</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pillage; to
ravage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He might <i>foray</i> our lands.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"ay*er</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes or joins in a foray.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They might not choose the lowland road,<BR>
For the Merse <i>forayers</i> were abroad.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*bade"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Forbid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*bathe"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bathe.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>For*bear"</hw> (f&obreve;r*b&acirc;r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Fore</u>, and <u>Bear</u> to produce.] <def>An ancestor; a
forefather; -- usually in the plural.</def> [Scot.] "Your
<i>forbears</i> of old."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*bear"</hw> (f&obreve;r*b&acirc;r"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Forbore</u> (?)
(<u>Forbare</u> (&?;), [Obs.]); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Forborne</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Forbearing</u>.] [OE. <i>forberen</i>, AS. <i>forberan</i>; pref.
<i>for-</i> + <i>beran</i> to bear. See <u>Bear</u> to support.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To refrain from proceeding; to pause; to
delay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall I go against Ramoth-gilead to battle, or shall I
<i>forbear</i>?</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xxii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refuse; to decline; to give no
heed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt speak my words unto them, whether they will
hear, or whether they will <i>forbear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. ii.
7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To control one's self when
provoked.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The kindest and the happiest pair<BR>
Will find occasion to <i>forbear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Both bear and <i>forbear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Old
Proverb.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*bear"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To keep away from; to avoid; to abstain from; to give up; as, to
<i>forbear</i> the use of a word of doubtful propriety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But let me that plunder <i>forbear</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The King<BR>
In open battle or the tilting field<BR>
<i>Forbore</i> his own advantage.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with consideration or
indulgence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Forbearing</i> one another in love.</blockquote>
<i>Eph. iv. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cease from bearing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whenas my womb her burden would
<i>forbear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*bear"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
forbearing or waiting; the exercise of patience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He soon shall find<BR>
<i>Forbearance</i> no acquittance ere day end.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being forbearing;
indulgence toward offenders or enemies; long-suffering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have a continent <i>forbearance</i>, till the speed of
his rage goes slower.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abstinence; refraining; lenity; mildness.</p>

<p><hw>For*bear"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Forbearing.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*bear"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
forbears.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*bear"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed or
accustomed to forbear; patient; long-suffering.</def> --
<wf>For*bear"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 582 !></p>

<p><hw>For*bid"</hw> (f&obreve;r*b&ibreve;d"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Forbade</u> (-b&abreve;d");
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Forbidden</u> (-b&ibreve;d"d'n)
(<u>Forbid</u>, [Obs.]); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Forbidding</u> (?).] [OE. <i>forbeden</i>, AS.
<i>forbe&oacute;dan</i>; pref. <i>for-</i> + <i>be&oacute;dan</i> to
bid; akin to D. <i>verbieden</i>, G. <i>verbieten</i>, Icel.
<i>fyrirbj&omacr;&eth;a</i>, <i>forbo&eth;a</i>, Sw.
<i>f&ouml;rbjuda</i>, Dan. <i>forbyde</i>. See <u>Bid</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To command against, or contrary
to; to prohibit; to interdict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More than I have said . . . <BR>
The leisure and enforcement of the time<BR>
<i>Forbids</i> to dwell upon.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deny, exclude from, or warn off, by
express command; to command not to enter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have I not <i>forbid</i> her my house?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To oppose, hinder, or prevent, as if by an
effectual command; as, an impassable river <i>forbids</i> the
approach of the army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A blaze of glory that <i>forbids</i> the
sight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To accurse; to blast.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He shall live a man <i>forbid</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To defy; to challenge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>L.
Andrews.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To prohibit; interdict; hinder; preclude; withhold;
restrain; prevent. See <u>Prohibit</u>.</p>

<p><hw>For*bid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter a
prohibition; to prevent; to hinder.</def> "I did not or
<i>forbid</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*bid"dance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
forbidding; prohibition; command or edict against a thing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How hast thou yield to transgress<BR>
The strict <i>forbiddance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*bid"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prohibited;
interdicted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know no spells, use no <i>forbidden</i>
arts.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Forbidden fruit</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any
coveted unlawful pleasure, -- so called with reference to the
forbidden fruit of the Garden of Eden.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A small variety of shaddock (<i>Citrus
decumana</i>). The name is given in different places to several
varieties of Citrus fruits.</cd></p>

<p><hw>For*bid"den*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
forbidden or unlawful manner.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*bid"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
forbids.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*bid"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Repelling
approach; repulsive; raising abhorrence, aversion, or dislike;
disagreeable; prohibiting or interdicting; as, a <i>forbidding</i>
aspect; a <i>forbidding</i> formality; a <i>forbidding</i>
air.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disagreeable; unpleasant; displeasing; offensive;
repulsive; odious; abhorrent.</p>

<p>-- <wf>For*bid"ding*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>For*bid"ding*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>For*black"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very
black.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As any raven's feathers it shone
<i>forblack</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*bo"den</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Forbid</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*bore"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Forbear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*borne"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Forbear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*bruise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bruise
sorely or exceedingly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>forbrosed</i>, both back and side.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*by"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; prep.</i></pos> [See
<u>Foreby</u>.] <def>Near; hard by; along; past.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To tell her if her child went ought
<i>forby</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To the intent that ships may pass along <i>forby</i>
all the sides of the city without let.</blockquote> <i>Robynson
(More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>For*carve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut
completely; to cut off.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Force</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Farce</u> to
stuff.] <def>To stuff; to lard; to farce.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wit larded with malice, and malice <i>forced</i> with
wit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Force</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel.
<i>fors</i>, <i>foss</i>, Dan. <i>fos</i>.] <def>A waterfall; a
cascade.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To see the falls for <i>force</i> of the river
Kent.</blockquote> <i>T. Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Force</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>force</i>, LL.
<i>forcia</i>, <i>fortia</i>, fr. L. <i>fortis</i> strong. See
<u>Fort</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Strength
or energy of body or mind; active power; vigor; might; often, an
unusual degree of strength or energy; capacity of exercising an
influence or producing an effect; especially, power to persuade, or
convince, or impose obligation; pertinency; validity; special
signification; as, the <i>force</i> of an appeal, an argument, a
contract, or a term.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was, in the full <i>force</i> of the words, a good
man.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power exerted against will or consent;
compulsory power; violence; coercion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which now they hold by <i>force</i>, and not by
right.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Strength or power for war; hence, a body
of land or naval combatants, with their appurtenances, ready for
action; -- an armament; troops; warlike array; -- often in the
plural; hence, a body of men prepared for action in other ways; as,
the laboring <i>force</i> of a plantation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is Lucius general of the <i>forces</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Strength
or power exercised without law, or contrary to law, upon persons or
things; violence.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Validity;
efficacy.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Any action between two
bodies which changes, or tends to change, their relative condition as
to rest or motion; or, more generally, which changes, or tends to
change, any physical relation between them, whether mechanical,
thermal, chemical, electrical, magnetic, or of any other kind; as,
the <i>force</i> of gravity; cohesive <i>force</i>; centrifugal
<i>force</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Animal force</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>muscular
force or energy.</cd> -- <col><b>Catabiotic force</b></col> [Gr. &?;
down (intens.) + &?; life.] <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the influence exerted
by living structures on adjoining cells, by which the latter are
developed in harmony with the primary structures.</cd> --
<col><b>Centrifugal force</b></col>, <col><b>Centripetal
force</b></col>, <col><b>Coercive force</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under
<u>Centrifugal</u>, <u>Centripetal</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Composition of forces</b></col>, <col><b>Correlation of
forces</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>Composition</u>,
<u>Correlation</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Force and arms</b></col>
[trans. of L. <i>vi et armis</i>] <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an expression in
old indictments, signifying <i>violence</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>In
force</b></col>, or <col><b>Of force</b></col>, <cd>of unimpaired
efficacy; valid; of full virtue; not suspended or reversed.</cd> "A
testament is <i>of force</i> after men are dead." <i>Heb. ix. 17.</i>
-- <col><b>Metabolic force</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the
influence which causes and controls the metabolism of the body.</cd>
-- <col><b>No force</b></col>, <cd>no matter of urgency or
consequence; no account; hence, <i>to do no force</i>, to make no
account of; not to heed.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Of
force</b></col>, <cd>of necessity; unavoidably; imperatively.</cd>
"Good reasons must, <i>of force</i>, give place to better."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Plastic force</b></col> (<i>Physiol</i>.),
<cd>the force which presumably acts in the growth and repair of the
tissues.</cd> -- <col><b>Vital force</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>,
<cd>that force or power which is inherent in organization; that form
of energy which is the cause of the vital phenomena of the body, as
distinguished from the <i>physical forces</i> generally
known.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Strength; vigor; might; energy; stress; vehemence;
violence; compulsion; coaction; constraint; coercion.  --
<u>Force</u>, <u>Strength</u>. <i>Strength</i> looks rather to power
as an <i>inward</i> capability or energy. Thus we speak of the
<i>strength</i> of timber, bodily <i>strength</i>, mental
<i>strength</i>, <i>strength</i> of emotion, etc. <i>Force</i>, on
the other hand, looks more to the <i>outward</i>; as, the
<i>force</i> of gravitation, <i>force</i> of circumstances,
<i>force</i> of habit, etc. We do, indeed, speak of <i>strength</i>
of will and <i>force</i> of will; but even here the former may lean
toward the internal tenacity of purpose, and the latter toward the
outward expression of it in action. But, though the two words do in a
few cases touch thus closely on each other, there is, on the whole, a
marked distinction in our use of <i>force</i> and <i>strength</i>.
"<i>Force</i> is the name given, in mechanical science, to whatever
produces, or can produce, motion."  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy tears are of no <i>force</i> to mollify<BR>
This flinty man.</blockquote> <i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>More huge in <i>strength</i> than wise in works he
was.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Adam and first matron Eve<BR>
Had ended now their orisons, and found<BR>
<i>Strength</i> added from above, new hope to spring<BR>
Out of despair.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Force</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Forced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Forcing</u> (?).] [OF. <i>forcier</i>, F. <i>forcer</i>, fr. LL.
<i>forciare</i>, <i>fortiare</i>. See <u>Force</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To constrain to do or
to forbear, by the exertion of a power not resistible; to compel by
physical, moral, or intellectual means; to coerce; as, masters
<i>force</i> slaves to labor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To compel, as by strength of evidence; as,
to <i>force</i> conviction on the mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To do violence to; to overpower, or to
compel by violence to one's will; especially, to ravish; to violate;
to commit rape upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>force</i> their monarch and insult the
court.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I should have <i>forced</i> thee soon wish other
arms.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>force</i> a spotless virgin's
chastity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To obtain or win by strength; to take by
violence or struggle; specifically, to capture by assault; to storm,
as a fortress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To impel, drive, wrest, extort, get, etc.,
by main strength or violence; -- with a following adverb, as
<i>along</i>, <i>away</i>, <i>from</i>, <i>into</i>, <i>through</i>,
<i>out</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It stuck so fast, so deeply buried lay<BR>
That scarce the victor <i>forced</i> the steel away.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>force</i> the tyrant from his seat by
war.</blockquote> <i>Sahk.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ethelbert ordered that none should be <i>forced</i>
into religion.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To put in force; to cause to be executed;
to make binding; to enforce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What can the church <i>force</i> more?</blockquote>
<i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To exert to the utmost; to urge; hence, to
strain; to urge to excessive, unnatural, or untimely action; to
produce by unnatural effort; as, to <i>force</i> a conceit or
metaphor; to <i>force</i> a laugh; to <i>force</i> fruits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>High on a mounting wave my head I bore,<BR>
<i>Forcing</i> my strength, and gathering to the shore.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Whist)</i> <def>To compel (an adversary or
partner) to trump a trick by leading a suit of which he has
none.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To provide with forces; to re&euml;nforce;
to strengthen by soldiers; to man; to garrison.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To allow the force of; to value; to care
for.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For me, I <i>force</i> not argument a
straw.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To compel; constrain; oblige; necessitate; coerce;
drive; press; impel.</p>

<p><hw>Force</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Obs. in all the senses.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To use violence; to make violent effort; to
strive; to endeavor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Forcing</i> with gifts to win his wanton
heart.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a difficult matter of anything; to
labor; to hesitate; hence, <i>to force of</i>, to make much account
of; to regard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your oath once broke, you <i>force</i> not to
forswear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>force</i> not of such fooleries.</blockquote>
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be of force, importance, or weight; to
matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not sufficient to have attained the name and
dignity of a shepherd, not <i>forcing</i> how.</blockquote>
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Forced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Done or produced
with force or great labor, or by extraordinary exertion; hurried;
strained; produced by unnatural effort or pressure; as, a
<i>forced</i> style; a <i>forced</i> laugh.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Forced draught</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Draught</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Forced march</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>a march of one or more days made with all possible
speed.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>For"ced*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>For"ced*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Force"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of or
processing force; exerting force; mighty.</def> --
<wf>Force"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Against the steed he threw<BR>
His <i>forceful</i> spear.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Force"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having little or no
force; feeble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>forceless</i> flowers like sturdy trees
support me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Force"meat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupt. for
<i>farce-meat</i>, fr. F. <i>farce</i> stuffing. See <u>Farce</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Meat chopped fine and
highly seasoned, either served up alone, or used as a stuffing.</def>
[Written also <i>forced meat</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Force"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
forcing; compulsion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It was imposed upon us by constraint;<BR>
And will you count such <i>forcement</i> treachery?</blockquote>
<i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"ceps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>forceps</i>,
<i>-cipis</i>, from the root of <i>formus</i> Hot + <i>capere</i> to
take; akin to E. <i>heave</i>.  Cf. <u>Furnace</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pair of pinchers, or tongs; an instrument
for grasping, holding firmly, or exerting traction upon, bodies which
it would be inconvenient or impracticable to seize with the fingers,
especially one for delicate operations, as those of watchmakers,
surgeons, accoucheurs, dentists, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The caudal forceps-
shaped appendage of earwigs and some other insects. See
<u>Earwig</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dressing forceps</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Dressing</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Force" pump`</hw> (?). <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A pump having a solid piston, or plunger, for drawing and
forcing a liquid, as water, through the valves; in distinction from a
pump having a bucket, or valved piston.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A pump adapted for delivering water at a considerable height
above the pump, or under a considerable pressure; in distinction from
one which lifts the water only to the top of the pump or delivers it
through a spout. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Plunger pump</i>, under
<u>Plunger</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, forces or drives.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
solid piston of a force pump; the instrument by which water is forced
in a pump.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small hand pump for
sinking pits, draining cellars, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>forcible</i> forcible, <i>forceable</i> that may be forced.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing force; characterized by force,
efficiency, or energy; powerful; efficacious; impressive;
influential.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>forcible</i> are right words!</blockquote>
<i>Job. vi. 2&?;.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet smells are most <i>forcible</i> in dry
substances, when broken.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But I have reasons strong and
<i>forcible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That punishment which hath been sometimes
<i>forcible</i> to bridle sin.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is at once elegant and sublime, <i>forcible</i> and
ornamented.</blockquote> <i>Lowth (Transl. )</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Violent; impetuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like mingled streams, more <i>forcible</i> when
joined.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Using force against opposition or
resistance; obtained by compulsion; effected by force; as,
<i>forcible</i> entry or abduction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In embraces of King James . . . <i>forcible</i> and
unjust.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Forcible entry and detainer</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>the entering upon and taking and withholding of land and
tenements by actual force and violence, and with a strong hand, to
the hindrance of the person having the right to enter.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Violent; powerful; strong; energetic; mighty;
potent; weighty; impressive; cogent; influential.</p>

<p><hw>For"ci*ble-fee`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Feeble</i>, a character in the Second Part of Shakespeare's "King
Henry IV.," to whom Falstaff derisively applies the epithet
"<i>forcible</i>."] <def>Seemingly vigorous, but really weak or
insipid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Prof. Ayton] would purge his book of much
offensive matter, if he struck out epithets which are in the bad
taste of the <i>forcible-feeble</i> school.</blockquote> <i>N. Brit.
Review.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"ci*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being forcible.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ci*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a forcible
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The accomplishing of any purpose violently, precipitately,
prematurely, or with unusual expedition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gardening)</i> <def>The art of raising
plants, flowers, and fruits at an earlier season than the natural
one, as in a hitbed or by the use of artificial heat.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Forcing</b></col> <col><b>bed or pit</b></col>, <cd>a
plant bed having an under layer of fermenting manure, the
fermentation yielding bottom heat for forcing plants; a hotbed.</cd>
-- <col><b>Forcing engine</b></col>, <cd>a fire engine.</cd> --
<col><b>Forcing fit</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a tight fit, as of
one part into a hole in another part, which makes it necessary to use
considerable force in putting the two parts together.</cd> --
<col><b>Forcing house</b></col>, <cd>a greenhouse for the forcing of
plants, fruit trees, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Forcing machine</b></col>,
<cd>a powerful press for putting together or separating two parts
that are fitted tightly one into another, as for forcing a crank on a
shaft, or for drawing off a car wheel from the axle.</cd> --
<col><b>Forcing pump</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Force pump</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>For"ci*pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forked or
branched like a pair of forceps; constructed so as to open and shut
like a pair of forceps.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>For"ci*pate</hw> (?), <hw>For"ci*pa`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a pair of forceps; as, a
<i>forcipated</i> mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>For`ci*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Torture by
pinching with forceps or pinchers.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*cut"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut
completely; to cut off.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ford</hw> (f&omacr;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ford</i>;
akin to G. <i>furt</i>, Icel. <i>fj&ouml;r&eth;r</i> bay, and to E.
<i>fare</i>. &radic; 78. See <u>Fare</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>Frith</u> arm of the sea.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place
in a river, or other water, where it may be passed by man or beast on
foot, by wading.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He swam the Esk river where <i>ford</i> there was
none.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stream; a current.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With water of the <i>ford</i><BR>
Or of the clouds.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Permit my ghost to pass the Stygian
<i>ford</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ford</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Forded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fording</u>.] <def>To pass or cross, as a river or other water, by
wading; to wade through.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His last section, which is no deep one, remains only
to be <i>forted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ford"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being forded.</def> -- <wf>Ford"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ford"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
ford.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A deep and <i>fordless</i> river.</blockquote>
<i>Mallock.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*do"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fordon</i>,
AS. <i>ford&?;n</i>; pref. <i>for-</i> + <i>d&?;n</i> to do. See
<u>For-</u>, and <u>Do</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To destroy; to undo; to ruin.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This is the night<BR>
That either makes me or <i>fordoes</i> me quite.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overcome with fatigue; to
exhaust.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All with weary task <i>fordone</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*done"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Fordo</u>.]
<def>Undone; ruined.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*drive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drive
about; to drive here and there.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*drunk"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Utterly
drunk; very drunk.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*dry"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Entirely dry;
withered.</def> [Obs.] "A tree <i>fordry</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*dwine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dwindle
away; to disappear.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>f&?;r</i>, fr.
<i>faran</i> to go. See <u>Fare</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>Journey; way; method of proceeding.</def> [Obs.] "Follow him and
his <i>fore</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 583 !></p>

<p><hw>Fore</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fore</i>, adv. &
prep., another form of <i>for</i>. See <u>For</u>, and cf.
<u>Former</u>, <u>Foremost</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the part
that precedes or goes first; -- opposed to <i>aft</i>, <i>after</i>,
<i>back</i>, <i>behind</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formerly; previously; afore.</def> [Obs.
or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The eyes, <i>fore</i> duteous, now converted
are.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>In or towards the bows of a
ship.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fore and aft</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>from stem to
stern; lengthwise of the vessel; -- in distinction from
<i>athwart</i>.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i> -- <col><b>Fore-and-aft
rigged</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>not rigged with square sails
attached to yards, but with sails bent to gaffs or set on stays in
the midship line of the vessel. See <u>Schooner</u>, <u>Sloop</u>,
<u>Cutter</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fore</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Fore</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>Advanced, as compared with something
else; toward the front; being or coming first, in time, place, order,
or importance; preceding; anterior; antecedent; earlier; forward; --
opposed to <i>back</i> or <i>behind</i>; as, the <i>fore</i> part of
a garment; the <i>fore</i> part of the day; the <i>fore</i> and of a
wagon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The free will of the subject is preserved, while it is
directed by the <i>fore</i> purpose of the state.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Fore</i> is much used adjectively or in composition.</p>

<p><col><b>Fore bay</b></col>, <cd>a reservoir or canal between a
mill race and a water wheel; the discharging end of a pond or mill
race.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore body</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>,
<cd>the part of a ship forward of the largest cross-section,
distinguished from <i>middle body</i> and <i>after body</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fore boot</b></col>, <cd>a receptacle in the front of a
vehicle, for stowing baggage, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore
bow</b></col>, <cd>the pommel of a saddle.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Fore cabin</b></col>, <cd>a cabin in the fore part of a ship,
usually with inferior accommodations.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore
carriage</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The forward part of the
running gear of a four-wheeled vehicle.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A small carriage at the front end of a plow beam.</cd> --
<col><b>Fore course</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the lowermost sail
on the foremost of a square-rigged vessel; the foresail. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Sail</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore
door</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Front door</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore
edge</b></col>, <cd>the front edge of a book or folded sheet,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore elder</b></col>, <cd>an ancestor.</cd>
[Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Fore end</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The end which precedes; the earlier, or the nearer, part; the
beginning.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I have . . . paid<BR>
More pious debts to heaven, than in all<BR>
The <i>fore end</i> of my time.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In firearms, the wooden stock under the
barrel, forward of the trigger guard, or breech frame.</cd> --
<col><b>Fore girth</b></col>, <cd>a girth for the fore part (of a
horse, etc.); a martingale.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore hammer</b></col>,
<cd>a sledge hammer, working alternately, or in time, with the hand
hammer.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore leg</b></col>, <cd>one of the front legs
of a quadruped, or multiped, or of a chair, settee, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Fore peak</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the angle within a
ship's bows; the portion of the hold which is farthest forward.</cd>
-- <col><b>Fore piece</b></col>, <cd>a front piece, as the flap in
the fore part of a sidesaddle, to guard the rider's dress.</cd> --
<col><b>Fore plane</b></col>, <cd>a carpenter's plane, in size and
use between a jack plane and a smoothing plane.</cd> <i>Knight.</i>
-- <col><b>Fore reading</b></col>, <cd>previous perusal.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Hales.</i>  -- <col><b>Fore rent</b></col>, <cd>in Scotland, rent
payable before a crop is gathered.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore
sheets</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the forward portion of a
rowboat; the space beyond the front thwart. See <u>Stern
sheets</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore shore</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A bank in advance of a sea wall, to break the force of the
surf.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The seaward projecting, slightly
inclined portion of a breakwater.</cd> <i>Knight.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The part of the shore between high and low
water marks.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore sight</b></col>, <cd>that one of
the two sights of a gun which is near the muzzle.</cd> --
<col><b>Fore tackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the tackle on the
foremast of a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore topmast</b></col>.
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See <u>Fore-topmast</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -
- <col><b>Fore wind</b></col>, <cd>a favorable wind.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sailed on smooth seas, by <i>fore winds</i>
borne.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p> -- <col><b>Fore world</b></col>, <cd>the antediluvian world.</cd>
[R.] <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The front; hence, that
which is in front; the future.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At the fore</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>at the fore
royal masthead; -- said of a flag, so raised as a signal for sailing,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To the fore</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>In advance; to the front; to a prominent position; in plain
sight; in readiness for use.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In
existence; alive; not worn out, lost, or spent, as money, etc.</cd>
[Irish] "While I am <i>to the fore</i>." <i>W. Collins.</i> "How many
captains in the regiment had two thousand pounds <i>to the fore</i>?"
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Before; -- sometimes
written <i>'fore</i> as if a contraction of <i>afore</i> or
<i>before</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore`ad*mon"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
admonish beforehand, or before the act or event.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore`ad*vise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To advise
or counsel before the time of action, or before the event.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore`al*lege"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Forealleged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Forealleging</u> (?).] <def>To allege or cite
before.</def>  <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore`ap*point"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set,
order, or appoint, beforehand.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore`ap*point"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Previous appointment; preordinantion.</def>
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*arm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To arm or
prepare for attack or resistance before the time of need.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"arm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>That part of the arm or fore limb between the elbow and wrist;
the antibrachium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The breast beam
of a loom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*bear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ancestor.
See <u>Forbear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*bode"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Foreboded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Foreboding</u>.] [AS. <i>forebodian</i>; <i>fore + bodian</i> to
announce. See <u>Bode</u> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To foretell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be prescient of (some ill or
misfortune); to have an inward conviction of, as of a calamity which
is about to happen; to augur despondingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His heart <i>forebodes</i> a mystery.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sullen, desponding, and <i>foreboding</i> nothing but
wars and desolation, as the certain consequence of C&aelig;sar's
death.</blockquote> <i>Middleton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a sort of <i>foreboding</i> about
him.</blockquote> <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To foretell; predict; prognosticate; augur;
presage; portend; betoken.</p>

<p><hw>Fore*bode"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To foretell; to
presage; to augur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If I <i>forebode</i> aright.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*bode"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Prognostication;
presage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore*bode"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
foreboding; the thing foreboded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*bod"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
forebodes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*bod"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Presage of coming
ill; expectation of misfortune.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*bod"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
foreboding manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"brace`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A rope applied to the fore yardarm, to change the position of
the foresail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"brain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The anterior of the three principal divisions of the brain,
including the prosencephalon and thalamencephalon. Sometimes
restricted to the prosencephalon only. See <u>Brain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*by"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [<i>Fore</i> +
<i>by</i>.] <def>Near; hard by; along; past. See <u>Forby</u>.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*cast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To plan beforehand; to scheme; to
project.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall <i>forecast</i> his devices against the
strongholds.</blockquote> <i>Dan. xi. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To foresee; to calculate beforehand, so as
to provide for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is wisdom to consider the end of things before we
embark, and to <i>forecast</i> consequences.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*cast"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To contrive or
plan beforehand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If it happen as I did <i>forecast</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"cast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Previous
contrivance or determination; predetermination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He makes this difference to arise from the
<i>forecast</i> and predetermination of the gods
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Foresight of consequences, and provision
against them; prevision; premeditation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His calm, deliberate <i>forecast</i> better fitted him
for the council than the camp.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*cast"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
forecast.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"cas`tle</hw> (?; <i>sailors say</i> &?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A short
upper deck forward, formerly raised like a castle, to command an
enemy's decks.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That part of the upper
deck of a vessel forward of the foremast, or of the after part of the
fore channels.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In merchant vessels,
the forward part of the vessel, under the deck, where the sailors
live.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore`cho"sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Chosen
beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"cit`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cited or
quoted before or above.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*close"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Foreclosed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Foreclosing</u> (?).] [F. <i>forclos</i>, p. p. of
<i>forclore</i> to exclude; OF. <i>fors</i>, F. <i>hors</i>, except,
outside (fr. L. <i>foris</i> outside) + F. <i>clore</i> to close. See
<u>Foreign</u>, and <u>Close</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
shut up or out; to preclude; to stop; to prevent; to bar; to
exclude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The embargo with Spain <i>foreclosed</i> this
trade.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To foreclose a mortgager</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to
cut him off by a judgment of court from the power of redeeming the
mortgaged premises, termed his <i>equity of redemption</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To foreclose a mortgage</b></col>, <cd>(not technically
correct, but often used to signify) the obtaining a judgment for the
payment of an overdue mortgage, and the exposure of the mortgaged
property to sale to meet the mortgage debt.</cd>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*clo"sure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of foreclosing; a proceeding which bars or extinguishes a
mortgager's right of redeeming a mortgaged estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore`con*ceive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
preconceive; to imagine beforehand.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*date"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To date
before the true time; to antedate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"deck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The fore part of a deck, or of a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*deem"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To recognize
or judge in advance; to forebode.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Laugh at your misery, as <i>foredeeming</i> you<BR>
An idle meteor.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*deem"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Foredoom</u>.] <def>To know or discover beforehand; to
foretell.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which [maid] could guess and <i>foredeem</i> of things
past, present, and to come.</blockquote> <i>Genevan Test.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore`de*sign"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
plan beforehand; to intend previously.</def>  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore`de*ter"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
determine or decree beforehand.</def>  <i>Bp. Hopkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore`dis*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
bestow beforehand.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>King James had by promise <i>foredisposed</i> the
place on the Bishop of Meath.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*doom"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Foredeem</u>.] <def>To doom beforehand; to predestinate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art <i>foredoomed</i> to view the Stygian
state.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"doom`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Doom or
sentence decreed in advance.</def> "A dread <i>foredoom</i> ringing
in the ears of the guilty adult."  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"fa`ther</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
precedes another in the line of genealogy in any degree, but usually
in a remote degree; an ancestor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Respecting your <i>forefathers</i>, you would have
been taught to respect yourselves.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Forefathers' Day</b></col>, <cd>the anniversary of the day
(December 21) on which the Pilgrim Fathers landed at Plymouth,
Massachusetts (1620). On account of a mistake in reckoning the change
from Old Style to New Style, it has generally been celebrated on the
22d.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fore*feel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To feel
beforehand; to have a presentiment of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As when, with unwieldy waves, the great sea
<i>forefeels</i> winds.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore`fence"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Defense in
front.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore*fend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>forfenden</i>; pref. <i>for-</i> + <i>fenden</i> to fend. See
<u>Fend</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To hinder; to fend off; to
avert; to prevent the approach of; to forbid or prohibit. See
<u>Forfend</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>forefend</i> it should ever be recorded in our
history.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It would be a far better work . . . to <i>forefend</i>
the cruelty.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"fin`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The finger
next to the thumb; the index.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*flow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To flow
before.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the anterior feet of a quadruped or multiped; -- usually
written <i>fore foot</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A piece of timber
which terminates the keel at the fore end, connecting it with the
lower end of the stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"front`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Foremost part
or place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Set ye Uriah in the <i>forefront</i> of the hottest
battle.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xi. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, standing in the
<i>forefront</i> for all time, the masters of those who
know.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"game`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A first game;
first plan.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"gang`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prop., a goer
before cf. G. <i>voreg&auml;nger</i>. See <u>Fore</u>, and
<u>Gang</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A short rope grafted on a harpoon,
to which a longer line may be attached.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*gath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Forgather</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"gift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
premium paid by a lessee when taking his lease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"gleam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An antecedent
or premonitory gleam; a dawning light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>foregleams</i> of wisdom.</blockquote>
<i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*go"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Forewent 2</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Foregone</u> (?; 115); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Foregoing</u>.] [See <u>Forgo</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
quit; to relinquish; to leave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stay at the third cup, or <i>forego</i> the
place.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To relinquish the enjoyment or advantage
of; to give up; to resign; to renounce; -- said of a thing already
enjoyed, or of one within reach, or anticipated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All my patrimony,,<BR>
If need be, I am ready to <i>forego</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy lovers must their promised heaven
<i>forego</i>.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] never <i>forewent</i> an opportunity of honest
profit.</blockquote> <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Forgo</i> is the better spelling etymologically, but the
word has been confused with <u>Forego</u>, to go before.</p>

<p><hw>Fore*go"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>foreg&amacr;n</i>; <i>fore</i> + <i>g&amacr;n</i> to go; akin to
G. <i>vorgehen</i> to go before, precede. See <u>Go</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>To go before; to precede; -- used especially in
the present and past participles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pleasing remembrance of a thought
<i>foregone</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For which the very mother's face <i>forewent</i><BR>
The mother's special patience.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Foregone conclusion</b></col>, <cd>one which has preceded
argument or examination; one predetermined.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fore*go"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who goes before another; a predecessor; hence, an ancestor;
a progenitor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A purveyor of the king; -- so called,
formerly, from <i>going before</i> to provide for his
household.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore*go"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymologically
<i>forgoer</i>.] <def>One who forbears to enjoy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"ground`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>On a
painting, and sometimes in a bas-relief, mosaic picture, or the like,
that part of the scene represented, which is nearest to the
spectator, and therefore occupies the lowest part of the work of art
itself.  Cf. <u>Distance</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*guess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
conjecture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore"gut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The anterior part of the alimentary canal, from the mouth to the
intestine, or to the entrance of the bile duct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>All that part of a horse which is before the rider.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The chief or most important part.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Superiority; advantage; start;
precedence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And, but for ceremony, such a wretch . . . <BR>
Had the <i>forehand</i> and vantage of a king.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"hand`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Done beforehand;
anticipative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And so extenuate the <i>forehand</i> sin.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"hand`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Early; timely; seasonable.</def> "<i>Forehanded</i> care."
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Beforehand with one's needs, or having
resources in advance of one's necessities; in easy circumstances; as,
a <i>forehanded</i> farmer.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Formed in the forehand or fore
parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A substantial, true-bred beast, bravely
<i>forehanded</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"head</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The front of that part of the head which
incloses the brain; that part of the face above the eyes; the
brow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The aspect or countenance;
assurance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To look with <i>forehead</i> bold and big enough<BR>
Upon the power and puissance of the king.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The front or fore part of
anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flames in the <i>forehead</i> of the morning
sky.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So rich advantage of a promised glory<BR>
As smiles upon the <i>forehead</i> of this action.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*hear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To hear
beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"hearth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>The forward extension of the hearth of a blast furnace under the
tymp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*hend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Forhend</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore*hew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hew or cut
in front.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sackville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"hold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The forward part of the hold of a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*hold"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ominous
foreboding; superstitious prognostication.</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"hook`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A piece of timber placed across the stem, to unite the bows and
strengthen the fore part of the ship; a breast hook.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"eign</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>forein</i>, F.
<i>forain</i>, LL. <i>foraneus</i>, fr. L. <i>foras</i>,
<i>foris</i>, out of doors, abroad, without; akin to <i>fores</i>
doors, and E. <i>door</i>. See <u>Door</u>, and cf. <u>Foreclose</u>,
<u>Forfeit</u>, <u>Forest</u>, <u>Forum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Outside; extraneous; separated; alien; as, a <i>foreign</i>
country; a <i>foreign</i> government.</def> "<i>Foreign</i> worlds."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not native or belonging to a certain
country; born in or belonging to another country, nation,
sovereignty, or locality; as, a <i>foreign</i> language;
<i>foreign</i> fruits.</def> "Domestic and <i>foreign</i> writers."
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hail, <i>foreign</i> wonder!<BR>
Whom certain these rough shades did never breed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Remote; distant; strange; not belonging;
not connected; not pertaining or pertient; not appropriate; not
harmonious; not agreeable; not congenial; -- with <i>to</i> or
<i>from</i>; as, <i>foreign</i> to the purpose; <i>foreign</i> to
one's nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This design is not <i>foreign</i> from some people's
thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Held at a distance; excluded;
exiled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Kept him a <i>foreign</i> man still; which so grieved
him,<BR>
That he ran mad and died.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Foreign attachment</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a process
by which the property of a foreign or absent debtor is attached for
the satisfaction of a debt due from him to the plaintiff; an
attachment of the goods, effects, or credits of a debtor in the hands
of a third person; -- called in some States <i>trustee</i>, in others
<i>factorizing</i>, and in others <i>garnishee</i> process.</cd>
<i>Kent.</i> <i>Tomlins.</i> <i>Cowell.</i> -- <col><b>Foreign
bill</b></col>, <cd>a bill drawn in one country, and payable in
another, as distinguished from an inland bill, which is one drawn and
payable in the same country. In this latter, as well as in several
other points of view, the different States of the United States are
foreign to each other. See <u>Exchange</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
4.</cd> <i>Kent.</i> <i>Story.</i> -- <col><b>Foreign body</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a substance occurring in any part of the body
where it does not belong, and usually introduced from without.</cd> -
- <col><b>Foreign office</b></col>, <cd>that department of the
government of Great Britain which has charge British interests in
foreign countries.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 584 !></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Outlandish; alien; exotic; remote; distant;
extraneous; extrinsic.</p>

<p><hw>For"eign*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
belonging to or owning allegiance to a foreign country; one not
native in the country or jurisdiction under consideration, or not
naturalized there; an alien; a stranger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Joy is such a <i>foreigner</i>,<BR>
So mere a stranger to my thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor could the majesty of the English crown appear in a
greater luster, either to <i>foreigners</i> or subjects.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"eign*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything
peculiar to a foreign language or people; a foreign idiom or
custom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a pity to see the technicalities of the so-
called liberal professions distigured by
<i>foreignisms</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"eign*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being foreign; remoteness; want of relation or
appropriateness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not the <i>foreignness</i> of the subject hinder
you from endeavoring to set me right.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>foreignness</i> of complexion.</blockquote> <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"ein</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foreign.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*judge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Fore</i> +
<i>judge</i>.] <def>To judge beforehand, or before hearing the facts
and proof; to prejudge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*judge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [For
<i>forjudge</i>, fr. F. <i>forjuger</i>; OF. <i>fors</i> outside,
except + F. <i>juger</i> to judge.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>To
expel from court for some offense or misconduct, as an attorney or
officer; to deprive or put out of a thing by the judgment of a
court.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*judg"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<def>A judgment by which one is deprived or put out of a right or
thing in question.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*judg"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Prejudgment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*know"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Foreknew</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Foreknown</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Foreknowing</u>.] <def>To have previous knowledge of; to know
beforehand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who would the miseries of man
<i>foreknow</i>?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*know"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may
be foreknown.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*know"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
foreknows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*know"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
foreknowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He who . . . <i>foreknowingly</i> loses his
life.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*knowl"edge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Knowledge
of a thing before it happens, or of whatever is to happen;
prescience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If I foreknew,<BR>
<i>Foreknowledge</i> had no influence on their fault.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>forel</i>case,
sheath, OF. <i>forel</i>, <i>fourel</i>, F. <i>fourreau</i>, LL.
<i>forellus</i>, fr. OF. <i>forre</i>, <i>fuerre</i>, sheath, case,
of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>fuotar</i>, akin to Goth.
<i>f&omacr;dr</i>; prob. not the same word as E. <i>fodder</i> food.
Cf. <u>Fur</u>, <u>Fodder</u> food.] <def>A kind of parchment for
book covers. See <u>Forrill</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bind with a
forel.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A promontory or cape; a headland; as, the North and South
<i>Foreland</i> in Kent, England.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A piece of ground between
the wall of a place and the moat.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Hydraul. Engin.)</i> <def>That portion of
the natural shore on the outside of the embankment which receives the
stock of waves and deadens their force.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To lay down beforehand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These grounds being <i>forelaid</i> and
understood.</blockquote> <i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To waylay. See <u>Forlay</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore*lead"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who leads
others by his example; a guide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*lend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Forlend</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As if that life to losse they had
<i>forelent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*let"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Forlet</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*lie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lie in
front of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which <i>forelay</i><BR>
Athwart her snowy breast.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*lift"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lift up
in front.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The lock of hair that grows from the forepart of the
head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A cotter or split pin, as
in a slot in a bolt, to prevent retraction; a linchpin; a pin
fastening the cap-square of a gun.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Forelock bolt</b></col>, <cd>a bolt retained by a key,
gib, or cotter passing through a slot.</cd> -- <col><b>Forelock
hook</b></col> <i>(Rope Making)</i>, <cd>a winch or whirl by which a
bunch of three yarns is twisted into a standard.</cd> <i>Knight.</i>
-- <col><b>To take</b></col> <col><b>time, or occasion</b></col>,
<col><b>by the forelock</b></col>, <cd>to make prompt use of
anything; not to let slip an opportunity.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Time is painted with a lock before and bald behind,
signifying thereby that we must <i>take time by the forelock</i>; for
when it is once past, there is no recalling it.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On <i>occasion's forelock</i> watchful
wait.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*look"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To look
beforehand or forward.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Foremen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The first or chief man</def>;
as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The chief man of a jury, who acts as
their speaker.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The chief of a set of
hands employed in a shop, or on works of any kind, who superintends
the rest; an overseer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"mast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The mast nearest the bow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Foremast</b></col> <col><b>hand or man</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a common sailor; also, a man stationed to attend
to the gear of the foremast.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fore*meant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Intended
beforehand; premeditated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"men`tioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mentioned
before; already cited; aforementioned.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"milk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The milk secreted just before, or directly after, the birth of a
child or of the young of an animal; colostrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>formest</i>
first, AS. <i>formest</i>, <i>fyrmest</i>, superl. of <i>forma</i>
first, which is a superl. fr. <i>fore</i> fore; cf. Goth.
<i>frumist</i>, <i>fruma</i>, first. See <u>Fore</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>First</u>, <u>Former</u>,
<u>Frame</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Prime</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>First in time or place; most advanced;
chief in rank or dignity; as, the <i>foremost</i> troops of an
army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>THat struck the <i>foremost</i> man of all this
world.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"most`ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the foremost
place or order; among the foremost.</def>  <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"moth`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
ancestor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"name`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name that
precedes the family name or surname; a first name.</def>
<i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"name`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To name or
mention before.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"named`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Named before;
aforenamed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*nenst"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [See
<u>Fore</u>, and <u>Anent</u>.] <def>Over against; opposite to.</def>
[Now dialectic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The land <i>forenenst</i> the Greekish
shore.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"-night`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The evening
between twilight and bedtime.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore"noon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The early part
of the day, from morning to meridian, or noon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"no`tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Notice or
information of an event before it happens; forewarning.</def> [R.]
<i>Rymer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo*ren"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forensic.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fo*ren"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>forensis</i>,
fr. <i>forum</i> a public place, market place. See <u>Forum</u>.]
<def>Belonging to courts of judicature or to public discussion and
debate; used in legal proceedings, or in public discussions;
argumentative; rhetorical; as, <i>forensic</i> eloquence or
disputes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Forensic medicine</b></col>, <cd>medical jurisprudence;
medicine in its relations to law.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fo*ren"sic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Amer. Colleges)</i>
<def>An exercise in debate; a forensic contest; an argumentative
thesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo*ren"sic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Forensic.</def>  <i>Berkley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore`or*dain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ordain
or appoint beforehand; to preordain; to predestinate; to
predetermine.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*or"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
foreordain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*or`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Previous ordination or appointment; predetermination;
predestination.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fore" part`</hw> (?), or <hw>Fore"part`</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part most advanced, or first in time or
in place; the beginning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"past`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bygone.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore`pos*sessed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Holding or held formerly in possession.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Preoccupied; prepossessed;
pre&euml;ngaged.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not extremely <i>forepossessed</i> with
prejudice.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*prize"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prize or
rate beforehand.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore`prom"ised</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Promised
beforehand; pre&euml;ngaged.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"quot`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cited before;
quoted in a foregoing part of the treatise or essay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*ran"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Forerun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"rank`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The first rank;
the front.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*reach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To advance or gain upon; -- said of a vessel that gains upon
another when sailing closehauled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*reach"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To shoot ahead, especially when going in stays.</def>  <i>R. H.
Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*read"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tell
beforehand; to signify by tokens; to predestine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore`re*cit"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Named or
recited before.</def> "The <i>forerecited</i> practices."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore`re*mem"bered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Called
to mind previously.</def>  <i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"right`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ready;
directly forward; going before.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>foreright</i>
wind."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"right`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Right forward;
onward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore*run"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To turn before; to precede; to be in advance of (something
following).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come before as an earnest of something
to follow; to introduce as a harbinger; to announce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These signs <i>forerun</i> the death or fall of
kings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*run"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A messenger sent before to give notice of the approach of
others; a harbinger; a sign foreshowing something; a prognostic; as,
the <i>forerunner</i> of a fever.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whither the <i>forerunner</i> in for us entered, even
Jesus.</blockquote> <i>Heb. vi. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My elder brothers, my <i>forerunners</i>,
came.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A predecessor; an ancestor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of rag terminating
the log line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"said`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mentioned
before; aforesaid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"sail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The sail bent to the foreyard of a square-
rigged vessel, being the lowest sail on the foremast.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The gaff sail set on the foremast of a
schooner.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The fore staysail of a
sloop, being the triangular sail next forward of the mast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*say"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>foresecgan</i>; <i>fore + secgan</i> to say. See <u>Say</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To foretell.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her danger nigh that sudden change
<i>foresaid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*see"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>forese&oacute;n</i>; <i>fore + se&oacute;n</i> to see. See
<u>See</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To see
beforehand; to have prescience of; to foreknow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A prudent man <i>foreseeth</i> the evil.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xxii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To provide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Great shoals of people, which go on to populate,
without <i>foreseeing</i> means of life.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*see"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have or
exercise foresight.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore*seen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos>, or (strictly)
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Provided; in case that; on condition
that.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One manner of meat is most sure to every complexion,
<i>foreseen</i> that it be alway most commonly in conformity of
qualities, with the person that eateth.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*se"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
foresees or foreknows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*seize"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To seize
beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*shad"ow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shadow
or typi&?;y beforehand; to prefigure.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*shew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Foreshow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The fore part
of a ship.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore*short"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Art)</i> <def>To represent on a plane
surface, as if extended in a direction toward the spectator or nearly
so; to shorten by drawing in perspective.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To represent pictorially to the
imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Songs, and deeds, and lives that lie<BR>
<i>Foreshortened</i> in the tract of time.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*short"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fine
Arts)</i> <def>Representation in a foreshortened mode or
way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"shot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In distillation
of low wines, the first portion of spirit that comes over, being a
fluid abounding in fusel oil.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*show"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>foresce&aacute;wian</i> to foresee, provide; <i>fore +
sce&aacute;wian</i> to see. See <u>Show</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To show or exhibit beforehand; to give foreknowledge of; to
prognosticate; to foretell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your looks <i>foreshow</i><BR>
You have a gentle heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Next, like Aurora, Spenser rose,<BR>
Whose purple blush the day <i>foreshows</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*show"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
predicts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"side</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The front side; the front; esp., a stretch of country fronting
the sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The outside or external covering.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"sight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or the power of foreseeing; prescience;
foreknowledge.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Action in reference to the future;
provident care; prudence; wise forethought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This seems an unseasonable
<i>foresight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A random expense, without plan or
<i>foresight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>Any sight or reading of the
leveling staff, except the backsight; any sight or bearing taken by a
compass or theodolite in a forward direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>Muzzle sight. See <i>Fore
sight</i>, under <u>Fore</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"sight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sagacious;
prudent; provident for the future.</def>  <i>Bartram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"sight`ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Foresighted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore*sig"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
signify beforehand; to foreshow; to typify.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"skin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The fold of skin which covers the glans of the penis; the
prepuce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"skirt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The front
skirt of a garment, in distinction from the <i>train</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Honor's train<BR>
Is longer than his <i>foreskirt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*slack"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Forslack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"sleeve`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The sleeve
below the elbow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*slow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Forslow</u>.] <def>To make slow; to hinder; to obstruct. [Obs.]
See <u>Forslow</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>No stream, no wood, no mountain could
<i>foreslow</i><BR>
Their hasty pace.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*slow"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To loiter.
[Obs.] See <u>Forslow</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*speak"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Forspeak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*speak"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To foretell; to
predict.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My mother was half a witch; never anything that she
<i>forespake</i> but came to pass.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"speak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A prediction;
also, a preface.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Camden. Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"speech`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
preface.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*spent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Fore</i> +
<i>spent</i>.] <def>Already spent; gone by; past.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*spent"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Forspent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*spur"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rides before; a harbinger.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>forest</i>, F.
<i>for&ecirc;t</i>, LL. <i>forestis</i>, also, <i>forestus</i>,
<i>forestum</i>, <i>foresta</i>, prop., open ground reserved for the
chase, fr. L. <i>foris</i>, <i>foras</i>, out of doors, abroad. See
<u>Foreign</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An extensive wood; a large
tract of land covered with trees; in the United States, a wood of
native growth, or a tract of woodland which has never been
cultivated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A large extent or
precinct of country, generally waste and woody, belonging to the
sovereign, set apart for the keeping of game for his use, not
inclosed, but distinguished by certain limits, and protected by
certain laws, courts, and officers of its own.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"est</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
forest; sylvan.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Forest fly</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One of numerous species of blood-sucking
flies, of the family <i>Tabanid&aelig;</i>, which attack both men and
beasts. See <u>Horse fly</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A fly of
the genus <i>Hippobosca</i>, esp. <i>H. equina</i>. See <u>Horse
tick</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Forest glade</b></col>, <cd>a grassy space
in a forest.</cd> <i>Thomson.</i> -- <col><b>Forest laws</b></col>,
<cd>laws for the protection of game, preservation of timber, etc., in
forests.</cd> -- <col><b>Forest tree</b></col>, <cd>a tree of the
forest, especially a timber tree, as distinguished from a <i>fruit
tree</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>For"est</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover with trees
or wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"staff`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>An instrument formerly used at sea for taking the altitudes of
heavenly bodies, now superseded by the sextant; -- called also
<i>cross-staff</i>.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"est*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>forestage</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
duty or tribute payable to the king's foresters.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A service paid by foresters to the
king.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"est*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to forests; as, <i>forestal</i> rights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*stall"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Forestalled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Forestalling</u>.] [OE. <i>forstallen</i> to stop, to
obstruct; to stop (goods) on the way to the market by buying them
beforehand, from <i>forstal</i> obstruction, AS. <i>forsteal</i>,
<i>foresteall</i>, prop., a placing one's self before another. See
<u>Fore</u>, and <u>Stall</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take
beforehand, or in advance; to anticipate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What need a man <i>forestall</i> his date of
grief,<BR>
And run to meet what he would most avoid?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take possession of, in advance of some
one or something else, to the exclusion or detriment of the latter;
to get ahead of; to preoccupy; also, to exclude, hinder, or prevent,
by prior occupation, or by measures taken in advance.</def></p>

<p><! p. 585 !></p>

<p><blockquote>An ugly serpent which <i>forestalled</i> their
way.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But evermore those damsels did <i>forestall</i><BR>
Their furious encounter.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To be <i>forestalled</i> ere we come to
fall.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Habit is a <i>forestalled</i> and obstinate
judge.</blockquote> <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive; -- with <i>of</i>.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All the better; may<BR>
This night <i>forestall</i> him of the coming day!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>To obstruct or stop up,
as a way; to stop the passage of on highway; to intercept on the
road, as goods on the way to market.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To forestall the market</b></col>, <cd>to buy or contract
for merchandise or provision on its way to market, with the intention
of selling it again at a higher price; to dissuade persons from
bringing their goods or provisions there; or to persuade them to
enhance the price when there. This was an offense at law in England
until 1844.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To anticipate; monopolize; engross.</p>

<p><hw>Fore*stall"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
forestalls; esp., one who forestalls the market.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"stay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A large, strong rope, reaching from the foremast head to the
bowsprit, to support the mast. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Ship</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"est*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>forestier</i>, LL. <i>forestarius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who has charge of the growing timber on an estate; an
officer appointed to watch a forest and preserve the game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant of a forest.</def>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A forest tree.</def> [R.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lepidopterous insect
belonging to <i>Alypia</i> and allied genera; as, the eight-spotted
<i>forester</i> (<i>A. octomaculata</i>), which in the larval state
is injurious to the grapevine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Front stick of
a hearth fire.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"est*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>foresterie</i>.] <def>The art of forming or of cultivating
forests; the management of growing timber.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fore"swart`</hw> (?), <hw>Fore"swart`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See <u>Forswat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"taste`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A taste
beforehand; enjoyment in advance; anticipation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*taste"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To taste before full possession; to have
previous enjoyment or experience of; to anticipate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To taste before another.</def>
"<i>Foretasted</i> fruit."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"tast`er</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
tastes beforehand, or before another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore*teach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To teach
beforehand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore*tell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Foretold</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Foretelling</u>.] <def>To predict; to tell before
occurence; to prophesy; to foreshow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Deeds then undone my faithful tongue
<i>foretold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Prodigies, <i>foretelling</i> the future eminence and
luster of his character.</blockquote> <i>C. Middleton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To predict; prophesy; prognosticate; augur.</p>

<p><hw>Fore*tell"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter
predictions.</def>  <i>Acts iii. 24.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*tell"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
predicts.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*think"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To think beforehand; to anticipate in the
mind; to prognosticate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The soul of every man<BR>
Prophetically doth <i>forethink</i> thy fall.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contrive (something) beforehend.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*think"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To contrive
beforehand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore"thought`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thought of,
or planned, beforehand; aforethought; prepense; hence,
deliberate.</def> "<i>Forethought</i> malice."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"thought`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thinking or
planning beforehand; prescience; premeditation; forecast; provident
care.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sphere that will demand from him <i>forethought</i>,
courage, and wisdom.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"thought`ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
forethought.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fore"time`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The past; the
time before the present.</def> "A very dim <i>foretime</i>."  <i>J.
C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"to`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>foret&amacr;cen</i>. See <u>Token</u>.] <def>Prognostic; previous
omen.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*to"ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Foretokened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Foretokening</u> (?).] [AS. <i>foret&amacr;cnian</i>;
<i>fore + t&amacr;cnian</i>.] <def>To foreshow; to presignify; to
prognosticate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whilst strange prodigious signs <i>foretoken</i>
blood.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore" tooth`</hw> (?), <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Fore teeth</b></plw>
(&?;). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the teeth in the forepart of the
mouth; an incisor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"top`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The hair on the forepart of the head; esp., a tuft or lock of
hair which hangs over the forehead, as of a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of a headdress that is in front;
the top of a periwig.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The platform at the head of
the foremast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore`-top*gal"lant</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Designating the mast, sail, yard, etc., above the
topmast; as, the <i>fore-topgallant</i> sail. See
<u>Sail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore`-top"mast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The mast erected at the head of the foremast, and at the head of
which stands the fore-topgallant mast. See <u>Ship</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore`-top"sail</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <u>Sail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*ev"er</hw> (f&obreve;r*&ebreve;v"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>For</i>, prep. + <i>ever</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Through eternity; through endless ages;
eternally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At all times; always.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, <i>for</i> and <i>ever</i> are usually written
and printed as two separate words; but, in the United States, the
general practice is to make but a single word of them.</p>

<p><col><b>Forever and ever</b></col>, <cd>an emphatic
"forever."</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Constantly; continually; invariably; unchangeably;
incessantly; always; perpetually; unceasingly; ceaselessly;
interminably; everlastingly; endlessly; eternally.</p>

<p><hw>Fore*vouched"</hw> (f&omacr;r*voucht"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Formerly vouched or avowed; affirmed in advance.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"ward`</hw> (f&omacr;r"w&add;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The van; the front.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>foreward</i> shall be drawn out all in
length,<BR>
Consisting equally of horse and foot.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*warn"</hw> (f&omacr;r*w&add;rn"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Forewarned</u> (-w&add;rnd");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Forewarning</u>.] <def>To warn
beforehand; to give previous warning, admonition, information, or
notice to; to caution in advance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We were <i>forewarned</i> of your coming.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*waste"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Forewaste</u>.</def>  <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*wend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Fore</i> +
<i>wend</i>.] <def>To go before.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*wish"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wish
beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fore"wit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A leader, or would-be leader, in matters of knowledge or
taste.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor that the <i>forewits</i>, that would draw the rest
unto their liking, always like the best.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Foresight; prudence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let this <i>forewit</i> guide thy
thought.</blockquote> <i>Southwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*wite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>pres.
indic. sing., 1st &amp; 3d pers.</i></pos> <u>Forewot</u> (?), <pos><i>2d
person</i></pos> <u>Forewost</u> (&?;), <pos><i>pl.</i></pos>
<u>Forewiten</u> (&?;); <pos><i>imp. sing.</i></pos> <u>Forewiste</u>
(?), <pos><i>pl.</i></pos> <u>Forewisten</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Forewiting</u> (?).] [AS. <i>forewitan</i>. See
<u>Wit</u> to know.] <def>To foreknow.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>forwete</i>.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Forewomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman who is chief; a woman
who has charge of the work or workers in a shop or other place; a
head woman.</def>  <i>Tatler.</i>  <i>W. Besant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"word`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
preface.</def>  <i>Furnvall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*worn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Forworn</u>.] <def>Worn out; wasted; used up.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Old <i>foreworn</i> stories almost
forgotten.</blockquote> <i>Brydges.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore*wot"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>pres. indic., 1st &amp; 3d pers.
sing.</i></pos> of <u>Forewite</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fore"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The lowermost yard on the foremast.</def> [See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Ship</u>.]</p>

<p><hw>For"fal*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Forfeiture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>For"feit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>forfet</i>
crime, penalty, F. <i>forfait</i> crime (LL. <i>forefactum</i>,
<i>forifactum</i>), prop. p. p. of <i>forfaire</i> to forfeit,
transgress, fr. LL. <i>forifacere</i>, prop., to act beyond; L.
<i>foris</i> out of doors, abroad, beyond + <i>facere</i> to do. See
<u>Foreign</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Injury;
wrong; mischief.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To seek arms upon people and country that never did us
any <i>forfeit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thing forfeit or forfeited; what is or
may be taken from one in requital of a misdeed committed; that which
is lost, or the right to which is alienated, by a crime, offense,
neglect of duty, or breach of contract; hence, a fine; a mulct; a
penalty; as, he who murders pays the <i>forfeit</i> of his
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy slanders I forgive; and therewithal<BR>
Remit thy other <i>forfeits</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something deposited and redeemable by a
sportive fine; -- whence the game of <i>forfeits</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Country dances and <i>forfeits</i> shortened the rest
of the day.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"feit</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>forfait</i>, p. p.
of <i>forfaire</i>. See <u>Forfeit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Lost or alienated for an offense or crime; liable to penal
seizure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy wealth being <i>forfeit</i> to the
state.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To tread the <i>forfeit</i> paradise.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"feit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Forfeited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Forfeiting</u>.] [OE. <i>forfeten</i>. See <u>Forfeit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To lose, or lose the right to, by some
error, fault, offense, or crime; to render one's self by misdeed
liable to be deprived of; to alienate the right to possess, by some
neglect or crime; as, to <i>forfeit</i> an estate by treason; to
<i>forfeit</i> reputation by a breach of promise; -- with <i>to</i>
before the one acquiring what is forfeited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] had <i>forfeited</i> their property by their
crimes.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Undone and <i>forfeited</i> to cares
forever!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"feit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be guilty of a misdeed; to be criminal; to transgress.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fail to keep an obligation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will have the heart of him if he
<i>forfeit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"feit</hw>, <pos><i>p. p. or a.</i></pos> <def>In the
condition of being forfeited; subject to alienation.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Once more I will renew<BR>
His laps&egrave;d powers, though <i>forfeite</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"feit*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to
be forfeited; subject to forfeiture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the future, uses shall be subject to the statutes
of mortmain, and <i>forfeitable</i>, like the lands
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"feit*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who incurs
a penalty of forfeiture.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"fei*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>forfeiture</i>, LL. <i>forisfactura</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of forfeiting; the loss of some right, privilege,
estate, honor, office, or effects, by an offense, crime, breach of
condition, or other act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under pain of <i>foreiture</i> of the said
goods.</blockquote> <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is forfeited; a penalty; a fine
or mulct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What should I gain<BR>
By the exaction of the <i>forfeiture</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fine; mulct; amercement; penalty.</p>

<p><hw>For*fend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>for-</i>
+ <i>fend</i>. See <u>Forewend</u>.] <def>To prohibit; to forbid; to
avert.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which peril heaven <i>forefend</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This is etymologically the preferable spelling.</p>

<p><hw>For*fer"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> [See <u>For-
</u>, and <u>Fear</u>.] <def>Excessively alarmed; in great
fear.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Forfered</i> of his death."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"fete</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Forfeit</u>.] <def>To incur a penalty; to transgress.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And all this suffered our Lord Jesus Christ that never
<i>forfeted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||For"fex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A pair of
shears.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"fi*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>forfex</i>,
<i>forficis</i>, shears.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Deeply forked, as
the tail of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||For*fic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., small
shears, scissors, dim. of <i>forfex</i> shears.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of insects including the earwigs. See <u>Earwig</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*gath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To convene;
to gossip; to meet accidentally.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Within that circle he <i>forgathered</i> with many a
fool.</blockquote> <i>Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*gave"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Forgive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Forge</hw> (f&omacr;rj), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>forge</i>, fr. L. <i>fabrica</i> the workshop of an artisan who
works in hard materials, fr. <i>faber</i> artisan, smith, as adj.,
skillful, ingenious; cf. Gr. &?; soft, tender.  Cf. <u>Fabric</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place or establishment where iron or other
metals are wrought by heating and hammering; especially, a furnace,
or a shop with its furnace, etc., where iron is heated and wrought; a
smithy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the quick <i>forge</i> and working house of
thought.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The works where wrought iron is produced
directly from the ore, or where iron is rendered malleable by
puddling and shingling; a shingling mill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of beating or working iron or
steel; the manufacture of metallic bodies.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the greater bodies the <i>forge</i> was
easy.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>American forge</b></col>, <cd>a forge for the direct
production of wrought iron, differing from the old Catalan forge
mainly in using finely crushed ore and working continuously.</cd>
<i>Raymond.</i> -- <col><b>Catalan forge</b></col>. <i>(Metal.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Catalan</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Forge cinder</b></col>,
<cd>the dross or slag form a forge or bloomary.</cd> -- <col><b>Forge
rolls</b></col>, <col><b>Forge train</b></col>, <cd>the train of
rolls by which a bloom is converted into puddle bars.</cd> --
<col><b>Forge wagon</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a wagon fitted up
for transporting a blackmith's forge and tools.</cd> --
<col><b>Portable forge</b></col>, <cd>a light and compact
blacksmith's forge, with bellows, etc., that may be moved from place
to place.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Forge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Forged</u> (f&omacr;rjd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Forging</u> (?).] [F. <i>forger</i>, OF.
<i>forgier</i>, fr. L. <i>fabricare</i>, <i>fabricari</i>, to form,
frame, fashion, from <i>fabrica</i>. See <u>Forge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Fabricate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To form by heating and hammering; to beat into any particular
shape, as a metal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mars's armor <i>forged</i> for proof
eterne.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form or shape out in any way; to
produce; to frame; to invent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those names that the schools <i>forged</i>, and put
into the mouth of scholars, could never get admittance into common
use.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Do <i>forge</i> a life-long trouble for
ourselves.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To coin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make falsely; to produce, as that which
is untrue or not genuine; to fabricate; to counterfeit, as, a
signature, or a signed document.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That paltry story is untrue,<BR>
And <i>forged</i> to cheat such gulls as you.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Forged</i> certificates of his . . . moral
character.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fabricate; counterfeit; feign; falsify.</p>

<p><hw>Forge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Forge</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and for sense 2, cf. <u>Forge</u> compel.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To commit forgery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To move heavily and slowly,
as a ship after the sails are furled; to work one's way, as one ship
in outsailing another; -- used especially in the phrase <i>to forge
ahead</i>.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And off she [a ship] <i>forged</i> without a
shock.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Forge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
impel forward slowly; as, to <i>forge</i> a ship forward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Forge"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Forgemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A skilled smith, who has a
hammerer to assist him.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Cf. F. <i>forgeur</i>
metal worker, L. <i>fabricator</i> artificer. See <u>Forge</u>,
<pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Fabricator</u>.] <def>One
who forges, makes, of forms; a fabricator; a falsifier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially: One guilty of forgery; one who
makes or issues a counterfeit document.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Forgeries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>forgerie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of forging metal into shape.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Useless the <i>forgery</i><BR>
Of brazen shield and spear.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of forging, fabricating, or
producing falsely; esp., the crime of fraudulently making or altering
a writing or signature purporting to be made by another; the false
making or material alteration of or addition to a written instrument
for the purpose of deceit and fraud; as, the <i>forgery</i> of a
bond.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is forged, fabricated, falsely
devised, or counterfeited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These are the <i>forgeries</i> of
jealously.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The writings going under the name of Aristobulus were
a <i>forgery</i> of the second century.</blockquote>
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Counterfeit</u>; <u>Forgery</u>.
<i>Counterfeit</i> is chiefly used of imitations of coin, or of paper
money, or of securities depending upon pictorial devices and engraved
designs for identity or assurance of genuineness. <i>Forgery</i> is
more properly applied to making a false imitation of an instrument
depending on signatures to show genuineness and validity.
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><! p. 586 !></p>

<p><hw>For*get"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Forgot</u> (?) (<u>Forgat</u> (&?;),
Obs.); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Forgotten</u> (?), <u>Forgot</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Forgetting</u>.] [OE.
<i>forgeten</i>, <i>foryeten</i>, AS. <i>forgietan</i>,
<i>forgitan</i>; pref. <i>for-</i> + <i>gietan</i>, <i>gitan</i>
(only in comp.), to get; cf. D. <i>vergeten</i>, G. <i>vergessen</i>,
Sw. <i>f&ouml;rg&auml;ta</i>, Dan. <i>forgiette</i>. See <u>For-</u>,
and <u>Get</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
lose the remembrance of; to let go from the memory; to cease to have
in mind; not to think of; also, to lose the power of; to cease from
doing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bless the Lord, O my soul, and <i>forget</i> not all
his benefits.</blockquote> <i>Ps. ciii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let my right hand <i>forget</i> her
cunning.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxxvii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath thy knee <i>forget</i> to bow?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with inattention or disregard; to
slight; to neglect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can a woman <i>forget</i> her sucking child? . . .
Yes, they may <i>forget</i>, yet will I not <i>forget</i>
thee.</blockquote> <i>Is. xlix. 15.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To forget one's self</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
become unmindful of one's own personality; to be lost in
thought.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be entirely unselfish.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To be guilty of what is unworthy of one; to
lose one's dignity, temper, or self-control.</cd></p>

<p><hw>For*get"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Apt to forget; easily losing remembrance; as, a <i>forgetful</i>
man should use helps to strengthen his memory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heedless; careless; neglectful;
inattentive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not <i>forgetful</i> to entertain
strangers.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xiii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Causing to forget; inducing oblivion;
oblivious.</def> [Archaic or Poetic] "The <i>forgetful</i> wine."
<i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*get"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
forgetful manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*get"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being forgetful; prononess to let slip from the
mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Loss of remembrance or recollection; a
ceasing to remember; oblivion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sweet <i>forgetfulness</i> of human
care.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Failure to bear in mind; careless
omission; inattention; as, <i>forgetfulness</i> of duty.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Forgetfulnes</u>, <u>Oblivion</u>.
<i>Forgetfulness</i> is Anglo-Saxon, and <i>oblivion</i> is Latin.
The former commonly has reference to persons, and marks a state of
mind; the latter commonly has reference to things, and indicates a
condition into which they are sunk. We blame a man for his
<i>forgetfulness</i>; we speak of some old custom as buried in
<i>oblivion</i>. But this discrimination is not strictly adhered
to.</p>

<p><hw>For"ge*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Forge</u>.] <def>Inventive; productive; capable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*get"-me-not`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>vergissmeinnicht</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small herb, of the
genus <i>Myosotis</i> (<i>M. palustris</i>, <i>incespitosa</i>,
etc.), bearing a beautiful blue flower, and extensively considered
the emblem of fidelity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly the name was given to the <i>Ajuga
Cham&aelig;pitus</i>.</p>

<p><hw>For*get"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to
be, or that may be, forgotten.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*get"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
forgets; a heedless person.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*get"ting*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
forgetting.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of shaping metal by hammering or pressing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of counterfeiting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A piece of forged work in
metal; -- a general name for a piece of hammered iron or
steel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are very few yards in the world at which such
<i>forgings</i> could be turned out.</blockquote> <i>London
Times.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*giv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being forgiven; pardonable; venial.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*give"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Forgave</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Forgiven</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Forgiving</u>] [OE. <i>forgiven</i>, <i>foryiven</i>,
<i>foryeven</i>, AS. <i>forgiefan</i>, <i>forgifan</i>; perh. <i>for-
</i> + <i>giefan</i>, <i>gifan</i> to give; cf. D. <i>vergeven</i>,
G. <i>vergeben</i>, Icel. <i>fyrirgefa</i>, Sw. <i>f&?;rgifva</i>,
Goth. <i>fragiban</i> to give, grant. See <u>For-</u>, and
<u>Give</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give
wholly; to make over without reservation; to resign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To them that list the world's gay shows I leave,<BR>
And to great ones such folly do <i>forgive</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give up resentment or claim to requital
on account of (an offense or wrong); to remit the penalty of; to
pardon; -- said in reference to the act forgiven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And their sins should be <i>forgiven</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>Mark iv. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>forgive</i> injures so readily that he might be
said to invite them.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cease to feel resentment against, on
account of wrong committed; to give up claim to requital from or
retribution upon (an offender); to absolve; to pardon; -- said of the
person offending.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Father, <i>forgive</i> them; for they know not what
they do.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxiii. 34.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I as free <i>forgive</i> you, as I would be
<i>fforgiven</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Sometimes both the person and the offense follow as objects
of the verb, sometimes one and sometimes the other being the indirect
object. "<i>Forgive</i> us our debts as we <i>forgive</i> our
debtors." <i>Matt. vi. 12.</i> "Be of good cheer; thy sins be
<i>forgiven</i> thee." <i>Matt. ix. 2.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>excuse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>For*give"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>forgifnes</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of forgiving; the
state of being forgiven; as, the <i>forgiveness</i> of sin or of
injuries.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the Lord our God belong mercies and
<i>forgivenesses</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dan. ix. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In whom we have . . . the <i>forgiveness</i> of
sin.</blockquote> <i>Eph. i. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposition to pardon; willingness to
forgive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou, Lord, shouldest mark iniquities, O Lord, who
shall stand? But there is <i>forgiveness</i> with thee, that thou
mayest be feared.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxx. 3, 4.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pardon, remission.  -- <u>Forgiveness</u>,
<u>Pardon</u>. <i>Forgiveness</i> is Anglo-Saxon, and <i>pardon</i>
Norman French, both implying a <i>giving back</i>. The word
<i>pardon</i>, being early used in our Bible, has, in religious
matters, the same sense as <i>forgiveness</i>; but in the language of
common life there is a difference between them, such as we often find
between corresponding Anglo-Saxon and Norman words. <i>Forgive</i>
points to inward feeling, and suppose alienated affection; when we
ask <i>forgiveness</i>, we primarily seek the removal of anger.
<i>Pardon</i> looks more to outward things or consequences, and is
often applied to trifling matters, as when we beg <i>pardon</i> for
interrupting a man, or for jostling him in a crowd. The civil
magistrate also grants a <i>pardon</i>, and not <i>forgiveness</i>.
The two words are, therefore, very clearly distinguished from each
other in most cases which relate to the common concerns of life.</p>

<p><hw>For*giv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
forgives.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*giv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to
forgive; inclined to overlook offenses; mild; merciful;
compassionate; placable; as, a <i>forgiving</i> temper.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>For*giv"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>For*giv"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>J. C.
Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*go"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Forwent</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Forgone</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Forgoing</u>.]
[OE. <i>forgan</i>, <i>forgon</i>, <i>forgoon</i>, AS. forg&amacr;n,
prop., to go past, hence, to abstain from; pref. <i>for-</i> +
<i>g&amacr;n</i> to go; akin to G. <i>vergehen</i> to pass away, to
transgress. See <u>Go</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To pass by;
to leave. See 1st <u>Forego</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For sith [since] I shall <i>forgoon</i> my liberty<BR>
At your request.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And four [days] since Florimell the court
<i>forwent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word in spelling has been confused with, and almost
superseded by, <i>forego</i> to go before. Etymologically the form
<i>forgo</i> is correct.</p>

<p><hw>For*got"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Forget</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*got"ten</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Forget</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*hall"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>for-</i>
+ <i>hale</i> to draw.] <def>To harass; to torment; to
distress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*hend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To seize
upon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fo*rin"se*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>forinsecus</i> from without.] <def>Foreign; alien.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo`ris*fa*mil"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Forisfamiliated</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Forisfamiliating</u> (?).] [LL.
<i>forisfamiliatus</i>, p. p. of <i>forisfamiliater</i> to
forisfamiliate; L. <i>foris</i> abroad, without + <i>familia</i>
family.] <i>(LAw)</i> <def>Literally, to put out of a family; hence,
to portion off, so as to exclude further claim of inheritance; to
emancipate (as a with his own consent) from paternal authority.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo`ris*fa*mil"i*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>To renounce a legal title to a further share of paternal
inheritance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo`ris*fa*mil`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of forisfamiliating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fork</hw> (f&ocirc;rk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>forc</i>,
fr. L. <i>furca</i>.  Cf. <u>Fourch&eacute;</u>, <u>Furcate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument consisting of a handle with a
shank terminating in two or more prongs or tines, which are usually
of metal, parallel and slightly curved; -- used for piercing,
holding, taking up, or pitching anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything furcate or like a fork in shape,
or furcate at the extremity; as, a tuning <i>fork</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the parts into which anything is
furcated or divided; a prong; a branch of a stream, a road, etc.; a
barbed point, as of an arrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let it fall . . . though the <i>fork</i> invade<BR>
The region of my heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A thunderbolt with three <i>forks</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The place where a division or a union
occurs; the angle or opening between two branches or limbs; as, the
<i>fork</i> of a river, a tree, or a road.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The gibbet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Butler.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fork beam</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>a half beam
to support a deck, where hatchways occur.</cd> -- <col><b>Fork
chuck</b></col> <i>(Wood Turning)</i>, <cd>a lathe center having two
prongs for driving the work.</cd> -- <col><b>Fork head</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The barbed head of an arrow.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The forked end of a rod which forms part of a
knuckle joint.</cd> -- <col><b>In fork</b></col>. <i>(Mining)</i>
<cd>A mine is said to be <i>in fork</i>, or an engine to "have the
water <i>in fork</i>," when all the water is drawn out of the
mine.</cd> <i>Ure.</i> -- <col><b>The forks of a river</b></col> or
<col><b>a road</b></col>, <cd>the branches into which it divides, or
which come together to form it; the place where separation or union
takes place.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fork</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Forked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Forking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shoot into blades, as
corn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The corn beginneth to <i>fork</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divide into two or more branches; as, a
road, a tree, or a stream <i>forks</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fork</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To raise, or pitch
with a fork, as hay; to dig or turn over with a fork, as the
soil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Forking</i> the sheaves on the high-laden
cart.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fork</b></col> <col><b>over or out</b></col>, <cd>to
hand or pay over, as money.</cd> [Slang]  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fork"beard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A European fish (<i>Raniceps raninus</i>),
having a large flat head; -- also called <i>tadpole fish</i>, and
<i>lesser forked beard</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
European forked hake or hake's-dame (<i>Phycis blennoides</i>); --
also called <i>great forked beard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Forked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Formed into a forklike shape; having a fork; dividing into two
or more prongs or branches; furcated; bifurcated; zigzag; as, the
<i>forked</i> lighting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A serpent seen, with <i>forked</i>
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a double meaning; ambiguous;
equivocal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cross forked</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>a cross, the
ends of whose arms are divided into two sharp points; -- called also
<i>cross double fitch&eacute;</i>. A <i>cross forked of three
points</i> is a cross, each of whose arms terminates in three sharp
points.</cd> -- <col><b>Forked counsel</b></col>, <cd>advice pointing
more than one way; ambiguous advice.</cd> [Obs.] <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fork"ed*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fork"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>For*kerve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Forcarve</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Fork"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state or dividing in a forklike manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fork"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
fork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fork"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of several Asiatic and East Indian
passerine birds, belonging to <i>Enucurus</i>, and allied genera. The
tail is deeply forked.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A salmon in its
fourth year's growth.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Fork"-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the outer tail feathers longer than
the median ones; swallow-tailed; -- said of many birds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fork-tailed flycatcher</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a tropical American flycatcher (<i>Milvulus tyrannus</i>).</cd> -
- <col><b>Fork-tailed gull</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a gull
of the genus <i>Xema</i>, of two species, esp. <i>X. Sabinii</i> of
the Arctic Ocean.</cd> -- <col><b>Fork-tailed kite</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a graceful American kite (<i>Elanoides
forficatus</i>); -- called also <i>swallow-tailed kite</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fork"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Opening into two or
more parts or shoots; forked; furcated.</def> "<i>Forky</i> tongues."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*laft"</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Forleave</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>for-</i>
+ <i>lay</i>.] <def>To lie in wait for; to ambush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An ambushed thief <i>forlays</i> a
traveler.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*leave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>forleven</i>; pref. <i>for-</i> + <i>leven</i> to leave.] <def>To
leave off wholly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*lend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give up
wholly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>For*lese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Forlore</u> (?), <u>Forlorn</u> (&?;).] [OE.
<i>forlesen</i>. See <u>Forlorn</u>.] <def>To lose utterly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>haucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*let"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>forleten</i>,
AS. <i>forl&aemacr;tan</i>; pref. <i>for-</i> + <i>l&aemacr;tan</i>
to allow; akin to G. <i>verlassen</i> to leave. See <u>Let</u> to
allow.] <def>To give up; to leave; to abandon.</def> [Obs.] "To
<i>forlet</i> sin."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*lie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Forelie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*lore"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. pl. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Forlese</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The beasts their caves, the birds their nests
<i>forlore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*lorn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE., p. p. of
<i>forlesen</i> to lose utterly, AS. <i>forle&oacute;san</i> (p. p.
<i>forloren</i>); pref. <i>for-</i> + <i>le&oacute;san</i> (in comp.)
to lose; cf. D. <i>verliezen</i> to lose, G. <i>verlieren</i>, Sw.
<i>f&ouml;rlora</i>, Dan. <i>forloren</i>, Goth. <i>fraliusan</i> to
lose. See <u>For-</u>, and <u>Lorn</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Lose</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Deserted; abandoned; lost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of fortune and of hope at once
<i>forlorn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some say that ravens foster <i>forlorn</i>
children.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute; helpless; in pitiful plight;
wretched; miserable; almost hopeless; desperate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For here <i>forlorn</i> and lost I tread.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The condition of the besieged in the mean time was
<i>forlorn</i> in the extreme.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She cherished the <i>forlorn</i> hope that he was
still living.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A forlorn hope</b></col> [D. <i>verloren hoop</i>, prop.,
a lost band or troop; <i>verloren</i>, p. p. of <i>verliezen</i> to
lose + <i>hoop</i> band; akin to E. <i>heap</i>. See <u>For-</u>, and
<u>Heap</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a body of men (called in F.
<i>enfants perdus</i>, in G. <i>verlornen posten</i>) selected,
usually from volunteers, to attempt a breach, scale the wall of a
fortress, or perform other extraordinarily perilous service; also, a
desperate case or enterprise.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Destitute, lost; abandoned; forsaken; solitary;
helpless; friendless; hopeless; abject; wretched; miserable;
pitiable.</p>

<p><hw>For*lorn"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
lost, forsaken, or solitary person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forced to live in Scotland a
<i>forlorn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A forlorn hope; a vanguard.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>forlorn</i> of horse marched within a mile of
the enemy.</blockquote> <i>Oliver Cromvell.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*lorn"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a forlorn
manner.</def>  <i>Pollok.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*lorn"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
forlorn.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*lye"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Forlie</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>-form</hw> (-f&ocirc;rm). [See <u>Form</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A suffix used to denote <i>in the form or
shape of</i>, <i>resembling</i>, etc.; as, vali<i>form</i>;
ovi<i>form</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Form</hw> (f&omacr;rm; <i>in senses</i> 8 &amp; 9, <i>often</i>
f&omacr;rm <i>in England</i>), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; F.
<i>forme</i>, fr. L. <i>forma</i>; cf. Skr. <i>dhariman</i>.  Cf.
<u>Firm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The shape and structure of
anything, as distinguished from the material of which it is composed;
particular disposition or arrangement of matter, giving it
individuality or distinctive character; configuration; figure;
external appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>form</i> of his visage was
changed.</blockquote> <i>Dan. iii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And woven close close, both matter, <i>form</i>, and
style.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constitution; mode of construction,
organization, etc.; system; as, a republican <i>form</i> of
government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Established method of expression or
practice; fixed way of proceeding; conventional or stated scheme;
formula; as, a <i>form</i> of prayer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those whom <i>form</i> of laws<BR>
Condemned to die.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Show without substance; empty, outside
appearance; vain, trivial, or conventional ceremony; conventionality;
formality; as, a matter of mere <i>form</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though well we may not pass upon his life<BR>
Without the <i>form</i> of justice.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Orderly arrangement; shapeliness; also,
comeliness; elegance; beauty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth was without <i>form</i> and
void.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath no <i>form</i> nor comeliness.</blockquote>
<i>Is. liii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A shape; an image; a phantom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That by which shape is given or
determined; mold; pattern; model.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A long seat; a bench; hence, a rank of
students in a school; a class; also, a class or rank in
society.</def> "Ladies of a high <i>form</i>."  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The seat or bed of a hare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As in a <i>form</i> sitteth a weary hare.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The type or other matter
from which an impression is to be taken, arranged and secured in a
chase.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The boundary line of a
material object. In <i>painting</i>, more generally, the human
body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The particular shape or
structure of a word or part of speech; as, participial <i>forms</i>;
verbal <i>forms</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The combination of
planes included under a general crystallographic symbol. It is not
necessarily a closed solid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>That assemblage or
disposition of qualities which makes a conception, or that internal
constitution which makes an existing thing to be what it is; --
called <i>essential</i> or <i>substantial form</i>, and
contradistinguished from <i>matter</i>; hence, active or formative
nature; law of being or activity; subjectively viewed, an idea;
objectively, a law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>Mode of acting or manifestation to the
senses, or the intellect; as, water assumes the <i>form</i> of ice or
snow. In modern usage, the elements of a conception furnished by the
mind's own activity, as contrasted with its object or condition,
which is called the <i>matter</i>; subjectively, a mode of
apprehension or belief conceived as dependent on the constitution of
the mind; objectively, universal and necessary accompaniments or
elements of every object known or thought of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The peculiar
characteristics of an organism as a type of others; also, the
structure of the parts of an animal or plant.</def></p>

<p><! p. 587 !></p>

<p><col><b>Good form</b></col> or <col><b>Bad form</b></col>, <cd>the
general appearance, condition or action, originally of horses,
atterwards of persons; as, the members of a boat crew are said to be
in <i>good form</i> when they pull together uniformly. The phrases
are further used colloquially in description of conduct or manners in
society; as, it is not <i>good form</i> to smoke in the presence of a
lady.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Form</hw> (f&ocirc;rm), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Formed</u> (f&ocirc;rmd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Forming</u>.] [F. <i>former</i>, L. <i>formare</i>,
fr. <i>forma</i>. See <u>Form</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give form or shape to; to frame; to
construct; to make; to fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>formed</i> man of the dust of the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The thought that labors in my <i>forming</i>
brain.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a particular shape to; to shape,
mold, or fashion into a certain state or condition; to arrange; to
adjust; also, to model by instruction and discipline; to mold by
influence, etc.; to train.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is education <i>forms</i> the common
mind.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus <i>formed</i> for speed, he challenges the
wind.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go to make up; to act as constituent
of; to be the essential or constitutive elements of; to answer for;
to make the shape of; -- said of that out of which anything is formed
or constituted, in whole or in part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The diplomatic politicians . . . who <i>formed</i> by
far the majority.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To provide with a form, as a hare. See
<u>Form</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The melancholy hare is <i>formed</i> in brakes and
briers.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To derive by grammatical
rules, as by adding the proper suffixes and affixes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Form</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take a form, definite shape, or arrangement; as, the infantry should
<i>form</i> in column.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To run to a form, as a hare.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To form on</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to form a
lengthened line with reference to (any given object) as a
basis.</cd></p>

<p><hw>For"mal</hw> (f&ocirc;r"m<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>form</i>ic + <i>al</i>cohol.] <i>(Chem.)</i>  <def>See
<u>Methylal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Form"al</hw> (f&ocirc;rm"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>formalis</i>: cf. F. <i>formel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to the form, shape, frame, external appearance, or
organization of a thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the constitution of a thing,
as distinguished from the matter composing it; having the power of
making a thing what it is; constituent; essential; pertaining to or
depending on the forms, so called, of the human intellect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of [the sounds represented by] letters, the material
part is breath and voice; the <i>formal</i> is constituted by the
motion and figure of the organs of speech.</blockquote>
<i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Done in due form, or with solemnity;
according to regular method; not incidental, sudden or irregular;
express; as, he gave his <i>formal</i> consent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His obscure funeral . . . <BR>
No noble rite nor <i>formal</i> ostentation.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Devoted to, or done in accordance with,
forms or rules; punctilious; regular; orderly; methodical; of a
prescribed form; exact; prim; stiff; ceremonious; as, a man
<i>formal</i> in his dress, his gait, his conversation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cold-looking, <i>formal</i> garden, cut into angles
and rhomboids.</blockquote> <i>W. Irwing.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She took off the <i>formal</i> cap that confined her
hair.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having the form or appearance without the
substance or essence; external; as, <i>formal</i> duty; <i>formal</i>
worship; <i>formal</i> courtesy, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Dependent in form; conventional.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Still in constraint your suffering sex remains,<BR>
Or bound in <i>formal</i> or in real chains.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Sound; normal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To make of him a <i>formal</i> man again.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Formal cause</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cause</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Precise; punctilious; stiff; starched; affected;
ritual; ceremonial; external; outward.  -- <u>Formal</u>,
<u>Ceremonious</u>. When applied to things, these words usually
denote a mere accordance with the rules of form or ceremony; as, to
make a <i>formal</i> call; to take a <i>ceremonious</i> leave. When
applied to a person or his manners, they are used in a bad sense; a
person being called <i>formal</i> who shapes himself too much by some
pattern or set form, and <i>ceremonious</i> when he lays too much
stress on the conventional laws of social intercourse. <i>Formal</i>
manners render a man stiff or ridiculous; a <i>ceremonious</i>
carriage puts a stop to the ease and freedom of social
intercourse.</p>

<p><hw>For*mal"de*hyde</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Form</i>ic
+ <i>aldehyde</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, volatile liquid,
H<sub>2</sub>CO, resembling acetic or ethyl aldehyde, and chemically
intermediate between methyl alcohol and formic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Form"al*ism</hw> (f&ocirc;rm"<i>a</i>l*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice or the doctrine of strict
adherence to, or dependence on, external forms, esp. in matters of
religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Official <i>formalism</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir H.
Rawlinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Form"al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>formaliste</i>.] <def>One overattentive to forms, or too much
confined to them; esp., one who rests in external religious forms, or
observes strictly the outward forms of worship, without possessing
the life and spirit of religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As far a <i>formalist</i> from wisdom sits,<BR>
In judging eyes, as libertines from wits.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*mal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Formalities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>formalit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or quality of being formal,
strictly ceremonious, precise, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Form without substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such [books] as are mere pieces of <i>formality</i>,
so that if you look on them, you look though them.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Compliance with formal or conventional
rules; ceremony; conventionality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor was his attendance on divine offices a matter of
<i>formality</i> and custom, but of conscience.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An established order; conventional rule of
procedure; usual method; habitual mode.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was installed with all the usual
<i>formalities</i>.</blockquote> <i>C. Middleton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The dress prescribed for any
body of men, academical, municipal, or sacerdotal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The doctors attending her in their <i>formalities</i>
as far as Shotover.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which is formal; the formal
part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It unties the inward knot of marriage, . . . while it
aims to keep fast the outward <i>formality</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The quality which makes a thing what it
is; essence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The material part of the evil came from our father
upon us, but the <i>formality</i> of it, the sting and the curse, is
only by ourselves.</blockquote>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>formality</i> of the vow lies in the promise
made to God.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Scholastic. Philos.)</i> <def>The manner in
which a thing is conceived or constituted by an act of human
thinking; the result of such an act; as, animality and rationality
are <i>formalities</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Form"al*ize</hw> (f&ocirc;rm"<i>a</i>l*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Formalized</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Formalizing</u> (?).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give form, or a certain form, to; to
model.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render formal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Form"al*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To affect
formality.</def> [Obs.]  <i>ales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Form"al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a formal
manner; essentially; characteristically; expressly; regularly;
ceremoniously; precisely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which <i>formally</i> makes this [charity] a
Christian grace, is the spring from which it flows.</blockquote>
<i>Smalridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You and your followers do stand <i>formally</i>
divided against the authorized guides of the church and rest of the
people.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Formic</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of formic acid.</def> [Written also
<i>formiate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>For*ma"tion</hw> (f&obreve;r*m&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>formatio</i>: cf. F. <i>formation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of giving form or shape to anything;
a forming; a shaping.</def>  <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The manner in which a thing is formed;
structure; construction; conformation; form; as, the peculiar
<i>formation</i> of the heart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A substance formed or deposited.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Mineral
deposits and rock masses designated with reference to their origin;
as, the siliceous <i>formation</i> about geysers; alluvial
<i>formations</i>; marine <i>formations</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A group of beds of the same age or period;
as, the Eocene <i>formation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The arrangement of a body of
troops, as in a square, column, etc.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Form"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>formatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Giving form; having the
power of giving form; plastic; as, the <i>formative</i>
arts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The meanest plant can not be raised without seed, by
any <i>formative</i> residing in the soil.</blockquote>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Serving to form;
derivative; not radical; as, a termination merely
<i>formative</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Capable of growth and
development; germinal; as, living or <i>formative</i>
matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Form"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That which serves merely to give form, and
is no part of the radical, as the prefix or the termination of a
word.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A word formed in accordance with
some rule or usage, as from a root.</def></p>

<p><hw>For`m&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Pat&eacute;</u> or <u>Patt&eacute;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"me</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE., fr. AS.
<i>forma</i>. See <u>Foremost</u>.] <def>First.</def> [Obs.] "Adam
our <i>forme</i> father."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Formed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Arranged, as stars in a constellation; as,
<i>formed</i> stars.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having structure; capable
of growth and development; organized; as, the <i>formed</i> or
organized ferments. See <u>Ferment</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Formed material</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a term
employed by Beale to denote the lifeless matter of a cell, that which
is physiologically dead, in distinction from the truly germinal or
living matter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>For"me*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., fr. Latin. So
called because the plaintiff claimed "by the form of the gift,: L.
<i>per formam doni</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A writ of right
for a tenant in tail in case of a discontinuance of the estate tail.
This writ has been abolished.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"mell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of F.
<i>forme</i> the female of a bird of prey.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The female of a hawk or falcon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Form"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who forms; a maker; a creator.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A shape
around which an article is to be shaped, molded, woven wrapped,
pasted, or otherwise constructed.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
templet, pattern, or gauge by which an article is shaped.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A cutting die.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [A compar. due to OE.
<i>formest</i>. See <u>Foremost</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Preceding in order of time; antecedent; previous; prior;
earlier; hence, ancient; long past.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For inquire, I pray thee, of the <i>former</i>
age.</blockquote> <i>Job. viii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The latter and <i>former</i> rain.</blockquote>
<i>Hosea vi. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Near the beginning; preceeding; as, the
<i>former</i> part of a discourse or argument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Earlier, as between two things mentioned
together; first mentioned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bad author deserves better usage than a bad critic;
a man may be the <i>former</i> merely through the misfortune of an
ill judgment; but he can not be latter without both that and an ill
temper.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prior; previous; anterior; antecedent; preceding;
foregoing.</p>

<p><hw>||For`me*ret"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the half ribs against the walls in a
ceiling vaulted with ribs.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"mer*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In time past,
either in time immediately preceding or at any indefinite distance;
of old; heretofore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Form"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Creative;
imaginative.</def> [R.] "The <i>formful</i> brain."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>formica</i> an
ant: cf. F. <i>formique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
derived from, ants; as, <i>formic</i> acid; in an extended sense,
pertaining to, or derived from, formic acid; as, <i>formic</i>
ether.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Amido formic acid</b></col>, <cd>carbamic acid.</cd> --
<col><b>Formic acid</b></col>, <cd>a colorless, mobile liquid,
HCO.OH, of a sharp, acid taste, occurring naturally in ants, nettles,
pine needles, etc., and produced artifically in many ways, as by the
oxidation of methyl alcohol, by the reduction of carbonic acid or the
destructive distillation of oxalic acid. It is the first member of
the fatty acids in the paraffin series, and is homologous with acetic
acid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||For*mi"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an ant.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an genus of hymenopterous
insects, including the common ants. See <u>Ant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For`mi*ca"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Formicarius</i>, the typical genus + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the family
<i>Formicarid&aelig;</i> or ant thrushes.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"mi*ca*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>formicarium</i>, fr. L. <i>formica</i> an ant.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The nest or dwelling of a swarm of ants; an
ant-hill.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"mi*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>formica</i>
an ant.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling, or pertaining to, an
ant or ants.</def></p>

<p><hw>For`mi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>formicatio</i>, fr. <i>formicare</i> to creep like an ant, to feel
as if ants were crawling on one's self, fr. <i>formica</i> ant: cf.
F. <i>formication</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sensation resembling
that made by the creeping of ants on the skin.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"mi*cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the ants.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
of the family <i>Formicid&aelig;</i>, or ants.</def></p>

<p><hw>For`mi*da*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Formidableness.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"mi*da*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>formidabilis</i>, fr. <i>formidare</i> to fear, dread: cf. F.
<i>formidable</i>.] <def>Exciting fear or apprehension; impressing
dread; adapted to excite fear and deter from approach, encounter, or
undertaking; alarming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They seemed to fear the <i>formodable</i>
sight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I swell my preface into a volume, and make it
<i>formidable</i>, when you see so many pages behind.</blockquote>
<i>Drydn.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dreadful; fearful; terrible; frightful; shocking;
horrible; terrific; tremendous.</p>

<p><hw>For"mi*da*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being formidable, or adapted to excite dread.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"mi*da*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
formidable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*mid"o*lose</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>formidolosus</i>, fr. <i>formido</i> fear.] <def>Very much
afraid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Form"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of giving form or shape to anything; as, in shipbuilding, the
exact shaping of partially shaped timbers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Form"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shapeless; without a
determinate form; wanting regularity of shape.</def> --
<wf>Form"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Form"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>For"mu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Formulas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Formul&aelig;</b></plw>
(#). [L., dim. of <i>forma</i> form, model. See<u>Form</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prescribed or set
form; an established rule; a fixed or conventional method in which
anything is to be done, arranged, or said.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A written confession of
faith; a formal statement of foctrines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A rule or principle
expressed in algebraic language; as, the binominal
<i>formula</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A prescription or recipe for
the preparation of a medicinal compound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A symbolic expression (by
means of letters, figures, etc.) of the constituents or constitution
of a compound.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Chemical formul&aelig;</i> consist of the abbreviations
of the names of the elements, with a small figure at the lower right
hand, to denote the number of atoms of each element contained.</p>

<p><col><b>Empirical formula</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an
expression which gives the simple proportion of the constituents; as,
the <i>empirical formula</i> of acetic acid is
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>2</sub>.</cd> -- <col><b>Graphic
formula</b></col>, <col><b>Rational formula</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>an expression of the constitution, and in a limited sense of the
structure, of a compound, by the grouping of its atoms or radicals;
as, a <i>rational formula</i> of acetic acid is
CH<sub>3</sub>.(C:O).OH; -- called also <i>structural formula</i>,
<i>constitutional formula</i>, etc. See also the formula of
<i>Benzene nucleus</i>, under <u>Benzene</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Molecular formula</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a formula
indicating the supposed molecular constitution of a
compound.</cd></p>

<p><hw>For`mu*la*ris"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or exhibiting, formularization.</def>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>For`mu*lar*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of formularizing; a formularized or formulated statement or
exhibition.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"mu*lar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
reduce to a forula; to formulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"mu*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>formulaire</i>. See <u>Formula</u>.] <def>Stated; prescribed;
ritual.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"mu*la*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Formularies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>formulaire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A book containing stated and prescribed
forms, as of oaths, declarations, prayers, medical formula&aelig;,
etc.; a book of precedents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Prescribed form or model;
formula.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"mu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Formulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Formulating</u> (?).] <def>To reduce to, or express
in, a formula; to put in a clear and definite form of statement or
expression.</def>  <i>G. P. Marsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>For`mu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act,
process, or result of formulating or reducing to a formula.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"mule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A set or
prescribed model; a formula.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>For`mu*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of reducing to a formula; the state of being
formulized.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"mu*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Formulized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Formulizing</u> (?).] <def>To reduce to a formula; to
formulate.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"myl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Form</i>ic + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A univalent radical,
H.C:O, regarded as the essential residue of <i>formic</i> acid and
aldehyde.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, the radical
methyl, CH<sub>3</sub>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Forn*cast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> [OE. <i>foren +
cast</i>. See <u>Forecast</u>.] <def>Predestined.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"ni*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to a
fornix.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>For"ni*cate</hw> (?), <hw>For"ni*ca`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fornicatus</i>, fr. <i>fornix</i>, <i>-
icis</i>, an arch, vault.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Vaulted like an
oven or furnace; arched.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Arching over;
overarched.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><! p. 588 !></p>

<p><hw>For"ni*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fornicatus</i>, <i>p. p. of fornicari</i> to fornicate, fr.
<i>fornix</i>, <i>-icis</i>, a vault, a brothel in an underground
vault.] <def>To commit fornication; to have unlawful sexual
intercourse.</def></p>

<p><hw>For`ni*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fornication</i>, L. <i>fornicatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Unlawful sexual intercourse on the part of an unmarried person;
the act of such illicit sexual intercourse between a man and a woman
as does not by law amount to adultery.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, the offense, though cognizable in the
ecclesiastical courts, was not at common law subject to secular
prosecution. In the United States it is indictable in some States at
common law, in others only by statute.  <i>Whartyon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Adultery.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Incest.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Idolatry.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ni*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fornicateur</i>, OF. <i>fornicator</i>, from L.
<i>fornicator</i>.] <def>An unmarried person, male or female, who has
criminal intercourse with the other sex; one guilty of
fornication.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ni*ca`tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fornicatrice</i>, L. <i>fornicatrix</i>.] <def>A woman guilty of
fornication.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||For"nix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fornices</b></plw> (#). [L., an arch.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An arch or fold; as, the <i>fornix</i>, or
vault, of the cranium; the <i>fornix</i>, or reflection, of the
conjuctiva.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Esp., two longitudinal
bands of white nervous tissue beneath the lateral ventricles of the
brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*old"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very old.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A bear's skin, coal-black, <i>forold</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*pass"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To pass
by or along; to pass over.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*pine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To waste away
completely by suffering or torment.</def> [Archaic] "Pale as a
<i>forpined</i> ghost."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"ray</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>forrayen</i>. See <u>Foray</u>.] <def>To foray; to ravage; to
pillage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For they that morn had <i>forrayed</i> all the
land.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"ray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of ravaging; a
ravaging; a predatory excursion. See <u>Foray</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"rill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Forel</u>.]
<def>Lambskin parchment; vellum; forel.</def>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*sake"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Forsook</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Forsaken</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Forsaking</u>.] [AS. <i>forsacan</i> to oppose, refuse; <i>for-
</i> + <i>sacan</i> to contend, strive; akin to Goth. <i>sakan</i>.
See <u>For-</u>, and <u>Sake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To quit or
leave entirely; to desert; to abandon; to depart or withdraw from; to
leave; as, false friends and flatterers <i>forsake</i> us in
adversity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If his children <i>forsake</i> my law, and walk not in
my judgments.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxxix. 30.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To renounce; to reject; to
refuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you <i>forsake</i> the offer of their
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abandon; quit; desert; fail; relinquish; give
up; renounce; reject. See <u>Abandon</u>.</p>

<p><hw>For*sak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
forsakes or deserts.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*say"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>forsecgan</i> to accuse; pref. <i>for-</i> + <i>secgan</i> to
say.] <def>To forbid; to renounce; to forsake; to deny.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*shape"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>for-
</i> + <i>shape</i>, v.t.] <def>To render misshapen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*slack"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>for-
</i> + <i>slack</i> to neglect.] <def>To neglect by idleness; to
delay or to waste by sloth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*slouth"e</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>For-
</u>, and <u>Slouth</u>.] <def>To lose by sloth or negligence.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*slow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>for-</i>
+ <i>slow</i>.] <def>To delay; to hinder; to neglect; to put
off.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*slow"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To loiter.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*slug"ge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Slug</u>
to be idle.] <def>To lsoe by idleness or slotch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*sooth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fors&omacr;&eth;</i>; <i>for</i>, prep. + <i>s&omacr;&eth;</i>
sooth, truth. See <u>For</u>, <i>prep</i>., and <u>Sooth</u>.]
<def>In truth; in fact; certainly; very well; -- formerly used as an
expression of deference or respect, especially to woman; now used
ironically or contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fit man, <i>forsooth</i>, to govern a
realm!</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our old English word <i>forsooth</i> has been changed
for the French <i>madam</i>.</blockquote> <i>Guardian.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*sooth"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To address
respectfully with the term <i>forsooth</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The captain of the "Charles" had <i>forsoothed</i>
her, though he knew her well enough and she him.</blockquote>
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*sooth"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who used
<i>forsooth</i> much; a very ceremonious and deferential
person.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You sip so like a <i>forsooth</i> of the
city.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*speak"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>for-
</i> + <i>speak</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To forbid; to
prohibit.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bewitch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*spent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>forspendan</i> to consume; pref. <i>for-</i> + <i>spendan</i> to
spend.] <def>Wasted in strength; tired; exhausted.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>A gentleman almost <i>forspent</i> with
speed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*stall"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
forestall.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fors"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A forester.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*straught"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>for-</i> + <i>straught</i>; cf. <i>distraught</i>.]
<def>Distracted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*swat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Sweat</u>.]
<def>Spent with heat; covered with sweat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*swear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Forswore</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Forsworn</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Forswearing</u>.] [OE. <i>forsweren</i>, <i>forswerien</i>, AS.
<i>forswerian</i>; pref. <i>for-</i> + <i>swerian</i> to swear. See
<u>For-</u>, and <u>Swear</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reject or renounce upon oath; hence, to
renounce earnestly, determinedly, or with protestations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . do <i>forswear</i> her.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deny upon oath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like innocence, and as serenely bold<BR>
As truth, how loudly he <i>forswears</i> thy gold!</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To forswear one's self</b></col>, <cd>to swear falsely; to
perjure one's self.</cd> "Thou shalt not <i>forswear thyself</i>."
<i>Matt. v. 33.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Perjure</u>.</p>

<p><hw>For*swear"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To swear
falsely; to commit perjury.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*swear"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rejects of renounces upon oath; one who swears a false
oath.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*swonk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>for-</i> +
<i>swonk</i>, p. p. of <i>swink</i>to labor. See <u>Swink</u>.]
<def>Overlabored; exhausted; worn out.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*swore"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Forswear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*sworn"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Forswear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*sworn"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
forsworn.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||For*syth"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. Named after
William <i>Forsyth</i>, who brought in from China.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A shrub of the Olive family, with yellow blossoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from <i>fort</i>
strong, L. <i>fortis</i>; perh. akin to Skr. <i>darh</i> to fix, make
firm, and to E. <i>firm</i> Cf. <u>Forte</u>, <u>Force</u>,
<u>Fortalice</u>, <u>Comfort</u>, <u>Effort</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>A strong or fortified place; usually, a small fortified place,
occupied only by troops, surrounded with a ditch, rampart, and
parapet, or with palisades, stockades, or other means of defense; a
fortification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Detached works, depending solely on their own
strength, belong to the class of works termed
<i>forts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fort"a*lice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>fortalitia</i>, or OF. <i>fortelesce</i>. See <u>Fortress</u>.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small outwork of a fortification; a fortilage; -
- called also <i>fortelace</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Forte</hw> (f&omacr;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [IT.
<i>forte</i>: cf. F. <i>fort</i>. See <u>Fort</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The strong point; that in which one
excels.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The construction of a fable seems by no means the
<i>forte</i> of our modern poetical writers.</blockquote>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The stronger part of the blade of a sword;
the part of half nearest the hilt; -- opposed to
<i>foible</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||For"te</hw> (f&ocirc;r"t&asl; or f&omacr;r"t&asl;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It. <i>forte</i>, <pos><i>a. &
adv.</i></pos>, fr. L. <i>fortis</i> strong.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Loudly; strongly; powerfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fort"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with, or
guarded by, forts; strengthened or defended, as by forts.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Forth</hw> (?), <pos><i>v.</i></pos>[AS. <i>for&eth;</i>, fr.
<i>for</i> akin to D. <i>voort</i>, G. <i>fort</i> &radic;78. See
<u>Fore</u>, <u>For</u>, and cf. <u>Afford</u>, <u>Further</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Forward; onward in
time, place, or order; in advance from a given point; on to end; as,
from that day <i>forth</i>; one, two, three, and so
<i>forth</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lucas was Paul's companion, at the leastway from the
sixteenth of the Acts <i>forth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From this time <i>forth</i>, <i>I never will speak
word</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I repeated the Ave Maria; the inquisitor bad me say
<i>forth</i>; I said I was taught no more.</blockquote>
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Out, as from a state of concealment,
retirement, confinement, nondevelopment, or the like; out into notice
or view; as, the plants in spring put <i>forth</i> leaves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When winter past, and summer scarce begun,<BR>
Invites them <i>forth</i> to labor in the sun.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Beyond a (certain) boundary; away; abroad;
out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have no mind of feasting <i>forth</i> to-
night.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Throughly; from beginning to end.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>And so forth</b></col>, <col><b>Back and forth</b></col>,
<col><b>From forth</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>And</u>, <u>Back</u>,
and <u>From</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Forth of</b></col>, <col><b>Forth
from</b></col>, <cd>out of.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To
bring forth</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bring</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Forth</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Forth from; out
of.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>forth</i> their cabins peep.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Forth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., a ford. &?; 78. See
<u>Frith</u>.] <def>A way; a passage or ford.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Forth`by"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Forby</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Forth"com`ing</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ready
or about to appear; making appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Forth"go`ing</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A going
forth; an utterance.</def>  <i>A. Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Forth"go`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going
forth.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*think"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To repent;
to regret; to be sorry for; to cause regret.</def> [Obs.] "Let it
<i>forthink</i> you."  <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That me <i>forthinketh</i>, quod this
January.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Forth"put`ing</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bold;
forward; aggressive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Forth"right`</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[<i>Forth</i>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> + <i>right</i>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>Straight forward; in a straight
direction.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Forth"right`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Direct;
straightforward; as, a <i>forthright</i> man.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They were Night and Day, and Day and Night,<BR>
Piligrims wight with steps <i>forthright</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Forth"right`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A straight
path.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here's a maze trod, indeed,<BR>
Through <i>forthrights</i> and meanders!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Forth"right`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Straightforwardness; explicitness; directness.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Dante's concise <i>forthrightness</i> of
phrase.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Forth"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Forth</i>,
adv. + <i>-ward</i>.] <def>Forward.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Fisher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Forth`with"</hw> (? or ?; see <u>With</u>),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Immediately; without
delay; directly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Immediately there fell from his eyes as it had been
scales; and he received sight <i>forthwith</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts
ix. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>As soon as the thing required
may be done by reasonable exertion confined to that object.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*thy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>for&eth;&ymacr;</i>; <i>for</i>, prep. + <i>&eth;&ymacr;</i>,
instrumental neut. of <i>se</i>, <i>se&oacute;</i>,
<i>&eth;&aelig;t</i>, pron. demonstrative and article. See
<u>The</u>.] <def>Therefore.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"ties</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Forty</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ti*eth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fe&oacute;wertigo&?;a</i>. See <u>Forty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Following the thirty-ninth, or preceded by thirty-nine units,
things, or parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting one of forty equal parts into
which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ti*eth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of forty equal
parts into which one whole is divided; the quotient of a unit divided
by forty; one next in order after the thirty-ninth.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ti*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>fortifiable</i>.] <def>Capable of being fortified.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>For`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fortificatio</i> : cf. F. <i>fortification</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of fortifying; the art or science of
fortifying places in order to defend them against an enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which fortifies; especially, a work
or works erected to defend a place against attack; a fortified place;
a fortress; a fort; a castle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fortification agate</b></col>, <cd>Scotch pebble.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fortress; citadel; bulwark. See
<u>Fortress</u>.</p>

<p><hw>For"ti*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, fortifies, strengthens, supports, or upholds.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fortified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fortifying</u>.] [F. <i>fortifier</i>, L. <i>fortificare</i>;
<i>fortis</i> strong + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See
<u>Fort</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To add strength
to; to strengthen; to confirm; to furnish with power to resist
attack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Timidity was <i>fortified</i> by pride.</blockquote>
<i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pride came to the aid of fancy, and both combined to
<i>fortify</i> his resolution.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strengthen and secure by forts or
batteries, or by surrounding with a wall or ditch or other military
works; to render defensible against an attack by hostile
forces.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ti*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To raise
defensive works.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"ti*lage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Fortalice</u>.] <def>A little fort; a blockhouse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fort"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Fort</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A little fort; a fortlet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||For*tis"si*mo</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It.,
superl. of <i>forte</i>, adv. See <u>Forte</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Very loud; with the utmost
strength or loudness.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Fortuitous</u>.] <def>Casual choice; fortuitous selection;
hazard.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No mode of election operating in the spirit of
<i>fortition</i> or rotation can be generally good.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"ti*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fortitudo</i>, fr. <i>fortis</i> strong. See <u>Fort</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Power to resist attack; strength;
firmness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fortitude</i> of the place is best known to
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That strength or firmness of mind which
enables a person to encounter danger with coolness and courage, or to
bear pain or adversity without murmuring, depression, or despondency;
passive courage; resolute endurance; firmness in confronting or
bearing up against danger or enduring trouble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Extolling patience as the truest
<i>fortitude</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fortitude</i> is the guard and support of the other
virtues.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Courage; resolution; resoluteness; endurance;
bravery. See <u>Courage</u>, and <u>Heroism</u>.</p>

<p><hw>For`ti*tu"di*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
fortitude; courageous.</def> [R.]  <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fort"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
fort.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fort"night`</hw> (?; <i>in</i> U.S. <i>often</i> ?; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr. <i>fourteen nights</i>, our
ancestors reckoning time by nights and winters; so, also, <i>seven
nights</i>, <i>sennight</i>, a week.] <def>The space of fourteen
days; two weeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fort"night`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Occurring or
appearing once in a fortnight; as, a <i>fortnightly</i> meeting of a
club; a <i>fortnightly</i> magazine, or other publication.</def> --
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once in a fortnight; at intervals of a
fortnight.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*tread"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tread
down; to trample upon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In hell shall they be all <i>fortroden</i> of
devils.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fortresses</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>forteresse</i>, OF.
<i>forteresce</i>, <i>fortelesce</i>, LL. <i>foralitia</i>, fr. L.
<i>fortis</i> strong. See <u>Fort</u>, and cf. <u>Fortalice</u>.]
<def>A fortified place; a large and permanent fortification,
sometimes including a town; a fort; a castle; a stronghold; a place
of defense or security.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Fortress</u>, <u>Fortification</u>,
<u>Castle</u>, <u>Citadel</u>.  A <i>fortress</i> is constructed for
military purposes only, and is permanently garrisoned; a
<i>fortification</i> is built to defend harbors, cities, etc.; a
<i>castle</i> is a fortress of early times which was ordinarily a
palatial dwelling; a <i>citadel</i> is the stronghold of a fortress
or city, etc.</p>

<p><hw>For"tress</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with a
fortress or with fortresses; to guard; to fortify.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*tu"i*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fortuitus</i>; akin to <i>forte</i>, adv., by chance, prop. abl.
of <i>fors</i>, <i>fortis</i>, chance. See <u>Fortune</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Happening by chance; coming or occuring
unexpectedly, or without any known cause; chance; as, the
<i>fortuitous</i> concourse of atoms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was from causes seemingly <i>fortuitous</i> . . .
that all the mighty effects of the Reformation flowed.</blockquote>
<i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So as to throw a glancing and <i>fortuitous</i> light
upon the whole.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(LAw)</i> <def>Happening independently of
human will or means of foresight; resulting from unavoidable physical
causes.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Accidental; casual; contingent; incidental. See
<u>Accidental</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>For*tu"i*tous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>For*tu"i*tous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>For*tu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fortuit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Accident; chance; casualty.</def>
<i>D. Forbes (1750).</i></p>

<p><hw>For"tu*nate</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fortunatus</i>, p. p. of <i>fortunare</i> to make fortunate or
prosperous, fr. <i>fortuna</i>. See <u>Fortune</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Coming by good luck or
favorable chance; bringing some good thing not foreseen as certain;
presaging happiness; auspicious; as, a <i>fortunate</i> event; a
<i>fortunate</i> concurrence of circumstances; a <i>fortunate</i>
investment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Receiving same unforeseen or unexpected
good, or some good which was not dependent on one's own skill or
efforts; favored with good forune; lucky.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Auspicious; lucky; prosperous; successful; favored;
happy.  -- <u>Fortunate</u>, <u>Successful</u>, <u>Prosperous</u>. A
man is <i>fortunate</i>, when he is favored of fortune, and has
unusual blessings fall to his lot; <i>successful</i> when he gains
what he aims at; <i>prosperous</i> when he succeeds in those things
which men commonly desire. One may be <i>fortunate</i>, in some
cases, where he is not <i>successful</i>; he may be
<i>successful</i>, but, if he has been mistaken in the value of what
he has aimed at, he may for that reason fail to be
<i>prosperous</i>.</p>

<p><hw>For"tu*nate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
fortunate manner; luckily; successfully; happily.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"tu*nate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition
or quality of being fortunate; good luck; success;
happiness.</def></p>

<p><! p. 589 !></p>

<p><hw>For"tune</hw> (f&ocirc;r"t&usl;n; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>fortune</i>, L. <i>fortuna</i>; akin to <i>fors</i>,
<i>fortis</i>, chance, prob. fr. <i>ferre</i> to bear, bring. See
<u>Bear</u> to support, and cf. <u>Fortuitous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The arrival of something in a sudden or
unexpected manner; chance; accident; luck; hap; also, the personified
or deified power regarded as determining human success, apportioning
happiness and unhappiness, and distributing arbitrarily or
fortuitously the lots of life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is more by <i>fortune</i>, lady, than by
merit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>Fortune</i>, <i>Fortune</i>, all men call thee
fickle.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which befalls or is to befall one;
lot in life, or event in any particular undertaking; fate; destiny;
as, to tell one's <i>fortune</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You, who men's <i>fortunes</i> in their faces
read.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which comes as the result of an
undertaking or of a course of action; good or ill success;
especially, favorable issue; happy event; success; prosperity as
reached partly by chance and partly by effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our equal crimes shall equal <i>fortune</i>
give.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a tide in the affairs of men,<BR>
Which, taken at the flood, leads on to <i>fortune</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His father dying, he was driven to seek his
<i>fortune</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Wealth; large possessions; large estate;
riches; as, a gentleman of <i>fortune</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Chance; accident; luck; fate.</p>

<p><col><b>Fortune book</b></col>, <cd>a book supposed to reveal
future events to those who consult it.</cd>  <i>Crashaw.</i> --
<col><b>Fortune hunter</b></col>, <cd>one who seeks to acquire wealth
by marriage.</cd> -- <col><b>Fortune teller</b></col>, <cd>one who
professes to tell future events in the life of another.</cd> --
<col><b>Fortune telling</b></col>, <cd>the practice or art of
professing to reveal future events in the life of another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>For"tune</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>fortuner</i>,
L. <i>fortunare</i>. See <u>Fortune</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make fortunate; to give either good or bad
fortune to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To provide with a fortune.</def>
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To presage; to tell the fortune of.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"tune</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall out; to
happen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>fortuned</i> the same night that a Christian,
serving a Turk in the camp, secretely gave the watchmen
warning.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"tune*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Luckless; also,
destitute of a fortune or portion.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"tun*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To regulate
the fortune of; to make happy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"ty</hw> (f&ocirc;r"t&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>forti</i>, <i>fourti</i>, <i>fowerti</i>, AS.
<i>fe&oacute;wertig</i>; <i>fe&oacute;wer</i> four + suff. <i>-
tig</i> ten; akin to OS. <i>fiwartig</i>, <i>fiartig</i>, D.
<i>veertig</i>, G. <i>vierzig</i>, Icel. <i>fj&ouml;rut&imacr;u</i>,
Sw. <i>fyratio</i>, Dan. <i>fyrretyve</i>, Goth. <i>fidw&omacr;r
tigjus</i>. See <u>Four</u>, and <u>Ten</u>, and cf.
<u>Fourteen</u>.] <def>Four times ten; thirty-nine and one
more.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Forties</b></plw> (-t&ibreve;z). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
sum of four tens; forty units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol expressing forty units; as, 40,
or xl.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ty-spot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Tasmanian forty-spotted diamond bird
(<i>Pardalotus quadragintus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"rum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Forums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Fora</b></plw> (#). [L.;
akin to <i>foris</i>, <i>foras</i>, out of doors. See
<u>Foreign</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A market place or public
place in Rome, where causes were judicially tried, and orations
delivered to the people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tribunal; a court; an assembly empowered
to hear and decide causes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Lord Camden] was . . . more eminent in the senate
than in the <i>forum</i>.</blockquote> <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*waked"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Tired out with excessive waking or watching.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*wan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wander
away; to go astray; to wander far and to weariness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>For"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., fr. AS.
<i>foreweard</i>; <i>fore</i> before + <i>weard</i> a ward. See
<u>Ward</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>An agreement; a covenant; a
promise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tell us a tale anon, as <i>forward</i>
is.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>For"ward</hw> (?), <hw>For"wards</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>forweard</i>, <i>foreweard</i>;
<i>for</i>, <i>fore</i> + <i>-weardes</i>; akin to G.
<i>vorw&auml;rts</i>. The <i>s</i> is properly a genitive ending. See
<u>For</u>, <u>Fore</u>, and <u>-ward</u>, <u>-wards</u>.]
<def>Toward a part or place before or in front; onward; in advance;
progressively; -- opposed to <i>backward</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ward</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Near, or at the fore part; in advance of something else; as, the
<i>forward</i> gun in a ship, or the <i>forward</i> ship in a
fleet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ready; prompt; strongly inclined; in an
ill sense, overready; too hasty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Only they would that we should remember the poor; the
same which I also was <i>forward</i> to do.</blockquote> <i>Gal. ii.
10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor do we find him <i>forward</i> to be
sounded.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ardent; eager; earnest; in an ill sense,
less reserved or modest than is proper; bold; confident; as, the boy
is too <i>forward</i> for his years.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have known men disagreeably <i>forward</i> from
their shyness.</blockquote> <i>T. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Advanced beyond the usual degree; advanced
for the season; as, the grass is <i>forward</i>, or <i>forward</i>
for the season; we have a <i>forward</i> spring.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The most <i>forward</i> bud<BR>
Is eaten by the canker ere it blow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>For"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Forwarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Forwarding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To help onward; to
advance; to promote; to accelerate; to quicken; to hasten; as, to
<i>forward</i> the growth of a plant; to <i>forward</i> one in
improvement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send forward; to send toward the place
of destination; to transmit; as, to <i>forward</i> a
letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ward*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who forwards or promotes; a promoter.</def>
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who sends forward anything;
<i>(Com.)</i> one who transmits goods; a forwarding merchant.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bookbinding)</i> <def>One employed in
forwarding.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ward*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who forwards; the act or occupation of
transmitting merchandise or other property for others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bookbinding)</i> <def>The process of
putting a book into its cover, and making it ready for the
finisher.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ward*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Eagerly;
hastily; obtrusively.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ward*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being forward; cheerful readiness; promtness; as, the
<i>forwardness</i> of Christians in propagating the gospel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An advanced stage of progress or of
preparation; advancement; as, his measures were in great
<i>forwardness</i>.</def>  <i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Eagerness; ardor; as, it is difficult to
restrain the <i>forwardness</i> of youth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Boldness; confidence; assurance; want of
due reserve or modesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In France it is usual to bring children into company,
and cherish in them, from their infancy, a kind of <i>forwardness</i>
and assurance.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A state of advance beyond the usual
degree; prematureness; precocity; as, the <i>forwardness</i>of spring
or of corn; the <i>forwardness</i> of a pupil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had such a dexterous proclivity, as his teachers
were fain to restrain his <i>forwardness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Promptness; promptitude; eagerness; ardor; zeal;
assurance; confidence; boldness; impudence; presumption.</p>

<p><hw>For"wards</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Forward</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>For*waste"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>for-
</i> + <i>waste</i>.] <def>To desolate or lay waste utterly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*wea"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To weary
extremely; to dispirit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*weep"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To weep
much.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>For*wete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Forewite</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*why"</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [<i>For</i> +
<i>why</i>, AS. <i>hw&?;</i>, instrumental case of <i>hw&amacr;</i>
who.] <def>Wherefore; because.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>For*worn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Much worn.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A silly man, in simple weeds
<i>forworn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*wot"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>pres. indic. 1st &amp; 3d pers.
sing.</i></pos> of <u>Forwete</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*wrap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wrap up;
to conceal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All mote be said and nought excused, nor hid, nor
<i>forwrapped</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*yelde"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>forgieldan</i>.] <def>To repay; to requite.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*yete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
forget.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>For*yet"ten</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Foryete</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||For*zan"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It., prop. p.
p. of <i>forzare</i> to force.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sforzato</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fos"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Foss&AElig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a ditch. See <u>Fosse</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A pit, groove, cavity, or depression, of greater
or less depth; as, the temporal <i>fossa</i> on the side of the
skull; the nasal <i>foss&aelig;</i> containing the nostrils in most
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos"sane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fossane</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of civet
(<i>Viverra fossa</i>) resembling the genet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fosse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>fossa</i>,
fr. <i>fodere</i>, <i>fossum</i>, to dig.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A ditch or moat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Fossa</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fosse road</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Fosseway</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fos"set</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A faucet.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fos`sette"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>fosse</i> a fosse.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little hollow;
hence, a dimple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A small, deep-centered ulcer
of the transparent cornea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fosse"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
great military roads constructed by the Romans in England and other
parts of Europe; -- so called from the <i>fosse</i> or ditch on each
side for keeping it dry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos"sil</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fossilis</i>,
fr. <i>fodere</i> to dig: cf. F. <i>fossile</i>. See <u>Fosse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dug out of the earth; as, <i>fossil</i> coal;
<i>fossil</i> salt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to
fossils; contained in rocks, whether petrified or not; as,
<i>fossil</i> plants, shells.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fossil copal</b></col>, <cd>a resinous substance, first
found in the blue clay at Highgate, near London, and apparently a
vegetable resin, partly changed by remaining in the earth.</cd> --
<col><b>Fossil cork</b></col>, <col><b>flax</b></col>,
<col><b>paper</b></col>, or <col><b>wood</b></col>, <cd>varieties of
amianthus.</cd> -- <col><b>Fossil farina</b></col>, <cd>a soft
carbonate of lime.</cd> -- <col><b>Fossil ore</b></col>,
<cd>fossiliferous red hematite.</cd>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fos"sil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
substance dug from the earth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; Formerly all minerals were called <i>fossils</i>, but the
word is now restricted to express the remains of animals and plants
found buried in the earth.  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>The remains of an animal
or plant found in stratified rocks. Most fossils belong to extinct
species, but many of the later ones belong to species still
living.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person whose views and opinions are
extremely antiquated; one whose sympathies are with a former time
rather than with the present.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fos`sil*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Fossil</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Containing or
composed of fossils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos*sil`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Fossil</i> + L. <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>The process of
becoming fossil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos"sil*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The science or state of fossils.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being extremely antiquated in
views and opinions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos"sil*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is versed
in the science of fossils; a paleontologist.</def>  <i>Joseph
Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fos`sil*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fossilisation</i>.] <def>The process of converting, or of being
converted, into a fossil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos"sil*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fossilized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fossilizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>fossiliser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convert into a fossil; to petrify; as, to
<i>fossilize</i> bones or wood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to become antiquated, rigid, or
fixed, as by fossilization; to mummify; to deaden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ten layers of birthdays on a woman's head<BR>
Are apt to <i>fossilize</i> her girlish mirth.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fos"sil*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become fossil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become antiquated, rigid, or fixed,
beyond the influence of change or progress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos"sil*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Converted
into a fossil; antiquated; firmly fixed in views or
opinions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>fossilized</i> sample of confused
provincialism.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fos*so"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>fossor&?;</i> digger, fr. <i>fodere</i> to dig.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of hymenopterous insects including
the sand wasps. They excavate cells in earth, where they deposit
their eggs, with the bodies of other insects for the food of the
young when hatched.</def> [Written also <i>Fossoria</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Fos*so"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Fossores</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fossor</i>
a digger.] <def>Fitted for digging, adapted for burrowing or digging;
as, a <i>fossorial</i> foot; a <i>fossorial</i> animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos*so"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Adapted for digging; -- said of the legs of
certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos"su*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fossula</i>
little ditch, dim. of <i>fossa</i>. See <u>Fosse</u>.] <def>Having,
or surrounded by, long, narrow depressions or furrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fostered</u> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fostering</u>.] [OE. <i>fostren</i>, fr. AS. <i>f&omacr;ster</i>,
<i>f&omacr;stor</i>, food, nourishment, fr. <i>f&omacr;da</i> food.
&radic;75. See <u>Food</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feed; to
nourish; to support; to bring up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some say that ravens <i>foster</i> forlorn
children.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cherish; to promote the growth of; to
encourage; to sustain and promote; as, to <i>foster</i>
genius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be nourished or
trained up together.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fos"ter</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>f&omacr;ster</i>,
<i>f&omacr;stor</i>, nourishment. See <u>Foster</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Relating to nourishment; affording, receiving, or
sharing nourishment or nurture; -- applied to father, mother, child,
brother, etc., to indicate that the person so called stands in the
relation of parent, child, brother, etc., as regards sustenance and
nurture, but not by tie of blood.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Foster</b></col> <col><b>babe, or child</b></col>, <cd>an
infant of child nursed by a woman not its mother, or bred by a man
not its father.</cd> -- <col><b>Foster brother</b></col>,
<col><b>Foster sister</b></col>, <cd>one who is, or has been, nursed
at the same breast, or brought up by the same nurse as another, but
is not of the same parentage.</cd> -- <col><b>Foster dam</b></col>,
<cd>one who takes the place of a mother; a nurse.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i>
-- <col><b>Foster earth</b></col>, <cd>earth by which a plant is
nourished, though not its native soil.</cd> <i>J. Philips.</i> --
<col><b> Foster father</b></col>, <cd>a man who takes the place of a
father in caring for a child.</cd> <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>Foster
land</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Land allotted for the
maintenance of any one.</cd> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>One's
adopted country.</cd> -- <col><b>Foster lean</b></col> [<i>foster</i>
+ AS. <i>l&aelig;n</i> a loan See <u>Loan</u>.], <cd>remuneration
fixed for the rearing of a foster child; also, the jointure of a
wife.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Wharton.</i> -- <col><b>Foster mother</b></col>,
<cd>a woman who takes a mother's place in the nurture and care of a
child; a nurse.</cd> -- <col><b>Foster nurse</b></col>, <cd>a nurse;
a nourisher.</cd> [R.] <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Foster
parent</b></col>, <cd>a foster mother or foster father.</cd> --
<col><b>Foster son</b></col>, <cd>a male foster child.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fos"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A forester.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fos"ter*age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The care
of a foster child; the charge of nursing.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fos"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, fosters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos"ter*ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>f&omacr;storling</i>.] <def>A foster child.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fos"ter*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Food;
nourishment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fos"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>fosteress</i>.] <def>A woman who feeds and cherishes; a
nurse.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fother</i>,
<i>foder</i>, AS. <i>f&omacr;&?;er</i> a cartload; akin to G.
<i>fuder</i> a cartload, a unit of measure, OHG. <i>fuodar</i>, D.
<i>voeder</i>, and perh. to E. <i>fathom</i>, or cf. Skr.
<i>p&amacr;tr&amacr;</i> vessel, dish.  Cf. <u>Fodder</u> a fother.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wagonload; a load of any sort.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of dung full many a <i>fother</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Fodder</u>, a unit of
weight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foth"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fothered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fothering</u>.] [Cf. <u>Fodder</u> food, and G.
<i>f&uuml;ttern</i>, <i>futtern</i>, to cover within or without, to
line. &radic;75.] <def>To stop (a leak in a ship at sea) by drawing
under its bottom a thrummed sail, so that the pressure of the water
may force it into the crack.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fovere</i>,
<i>fotum</i>, to keep warm, to cherish.] <def>Nourishing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>T. Carew (1633).</i></p>

<p><hw>Fot"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i>
<def>Seventy pounds of lead.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Fou`gade"</hw> (?), <hw>||Fou`gasse"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small mine, in the form of
a well sunk from the surface of the ground, charged with explosive
and projectiles. It is made in a position likely to be occupied by
the enemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fought</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Fight</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fought"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Fight</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Foul</hw> (foul), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fowl</u>.]
<def>A bird.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foul</hw> (foul), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> Fouler (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Foulest</u>.] [OE. <i>foul</i>,
<i>ful</i>, AS. <i>f&umacr;l</i>; akin to D. <i>vuil</i>, G.
<i>faul</i> rotten, OHG. <i>f&umacr;l</i>, Icel. <i>f&umacr;l</i>
foul, fetid; Dan. <i>fuul</i>, Sw. <i>ful</i> foul, Goth.
<i>f&umacr;ls</i> fetid, Lith. <i>puti</i> to be putrid, L.
<i>putere</i> to stink, be putrid, <i>pus</i> pus, Gr.
<grk>py`on</grk> pus, to cause to rot, Skr. <i>p&umacr;y</i> to
stink. &radic;82.  Cf. <u>Defile</u> to foul, <u>File</u> to foul,
<u>Filth</u>, <u>Pus</u>, <u>Putrid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered with, or containing, extraneous matter which is
injurious, noxious, offensive, or obstructive; filthy; dirty; not
clean; polluted; nasty; defiled; as, a <i>foul</i> cloth; <i>foul</i>
hands; a <i>foul</i> chimney; <i>foul</i> air; a ship's bottom is
<i>foul</i> when overgrown with barnacles; a gun becomes <i>foul</i>
from repeated firing; a well is <i>foul</i> with polluted
water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My face is <i>foul</i> with weeping.</blockquote>
<i>Job. xvi. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Scurrilous; obscene or profane; abusive;
as, <i>foul</i> words; <i>foul</i> language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hateful; detestable; shameful; odious;
wretched.</def> "The <i>foul</i> with Sycorax."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who first seduced them to that <i>foul</i>
revolt?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Loathsome; disgusting; as, a <i>foul</i>
disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Ugly; homely; poor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us, like merchants, show our <i>foulest</i>
wares.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not favorable; unpropitious; not fair or
advantageous; as, a <i>foul</i> wind; a <i>foul</i> road; cloudy or
rainy; stormy; not fair; -- said of the weather, sky, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>foul</i> a sky clears not without a
storm.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Not conformed to the established rules and
customs of a game, conflict, test, etc.; unfair; dishonest;
dishonorable; cheating; as, <i>foul</i> play.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Having freedom of motion interfered with
by collision or entanglement; entangled; -- opposed to <i>clear</i>;
as, a rope or cable may get <i>foul</i> while paying it
out.</def></p>

<p><! p. 590 !></p>

<p><col><b>Foul anchor</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Anchor</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Foul ball</b></col> <i>(Baseball)</i>,
<cd>a ball that first strikes the ground outside of the foul ball
lines, or rolls outside of certain limits.</cd> -- <col><b>Foul ball
lines</b></col> <i>(Baseball)</i>, <cd>lines from the home base,
through the first and third bases, to the boundary of the field.</cd>
-- <col><b>Foul berth</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a berth in which
a ship is in danger of fouling another vesel.</cd> -- <col><b>Foul
bill</b></col>, or <col><b>Foul bill of health</b></col>, <cd>a
certificate, duly authenticated, that a ship has come from a place
where a contagious disorder prevails, or that some of the crew are
infected.</cd> -- <col><b>Foul copy</b></col>, <cd>a rough draught,
with erasures and corrections; -- opposed to <i>fair</i> or <i>clean
copy</i>.</cd> "Some writers boast of negligence, and others would be
ashamed to show their <i>foul copies</i>." <i>Cowper.</i> --
<col><b>Foul proof</b></col>, <cd>an uncorrected proof; a proof
containing an excessive quantity of errors.</cd> -- <col><b>Foul
strike</b></col> <i>(Baseball)</i>, <cd>a strike by the batsman when
any part of his person is outside of the lines of his position.</cd>
-- <col><b>To fall foul</b></col>, <cd>to fall out; to quarrel.</cd>
[Obs.] "If they be any ways offended, they <i>fall foul</i>."
<i>Burton.</i> -- <col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>fall, or
run</b></col>, <col><b>foul of</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fall</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To make foul water</b></col>, <cd>to
sail in such shallow water that the ship's keel stirs the mud at the
bottom.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Foul</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fouled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fouling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make filthy; to defile;
to daub; to dirty; to soil; as, to <i>foul</i> the face or hands with
mire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To incrust (the bore of a
gun) with burnt powder in the process of firing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cover (a ship's bottom) with anything
that impered its sailing; as, a bottom <i>fouled</i> with
barnacles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To entangle, so as to impede motion; as,
to <i>foul</i> a rope or cable in paying it out; to come into
collision with; as, one boat <i>fouled</i> the other in a
race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foul</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
become clogged with burnt powder in the process of firing, as a
gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become entagled, as ropes; to come into
collision with something; as, the two boats <i>fouled</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foul</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
entanglement; a collision, as in a boat race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>See <i>Foul ball</i>,
under <u>Foul</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>||Fou`lard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A thin,
washable material of silk, or silk and cotton, originally imported
from India, but now also made elsewhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foul"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fouldre</i>
lightning, fr. F. <i>foudre</i>, OF. also <i>fouldre</i>, fr. L.
<i>fulgur</i>. See <u>Fulgor</u>.] <def>To flash, as lightning; to
lighten; to gleam; to thunder.</def> [Obs.] "Flames of
<i>fouldering</i> heat."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foul"e</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Foully.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foul"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>In a foul manner;
filthily; nastily; shamefully; unfairly; dishonorably.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>foully</i> wronged him; do forgive me,
do.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foul"-mouthed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Using
language scurrilous, opprobrious, obscene, or profane;
abusive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>foul-mouthed</i> a witness never appeared in any
cause.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foul"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>f&umacr;lnes</i>.] <def>The quality or condition of being
foul.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foul"-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Using
profane, scurrilous, slanderous, or obscene language.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fou"mart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>folmard</i>,
<i>fulmard</i>; AS. <i>f&?;l</i> foul + <i>mear&eth;</i>,
<i>meard</i>, marten: cf. F. <i>marte</i>, <i>martre</i>. See
<u>Foul</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Marten</u> the quadruped.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European polecat; -- called also
<i>European ferret</i>, and <i>fitchew</i>. See <u>Polecat</u>.</def>
[Written also <i>foulmart</i>, <i>foulimart</i>, and
<i>fulimart</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Found</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Find</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Found</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Founded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Founding</u>.] [F. <i>fondre</i>, L. <i>fundere</i> to found,
pour.] <def>To form by melting a metal, and pouring it into a mold;
to cast.</def> "Whereof to <i>found</i> their engines."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Found</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thin, single-cut file
for combmakers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Found</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Founded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Founding</u>.] [F. <i>fonder</i>, L. <i>fundare</i>, fr.
<i>fundus</i> bottom. See 1st <u>Bottom</u>, and cf. <u>Founder</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Fund</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay
the basis of; to set, or place, as on something solid, for support;
to ground; to establish upon a basis, literal or figurative; to fix
firmly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had else been perfect,<BR>
Whole as the marble, <i>founded</i> as the rock.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man that all his time<BR>
Hath <i>founded</i> his good fortunes on your love.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It fell not, for it was <i>founded</i> on a
rock.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vii. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take the ffirst steps or measures in
erecting or building up; to furnish the materials for beginning; to
begin to raise; to originate; as, to <i>found</i> a college; to
<i>found</i> a family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There they shall <i>found</i><BR>
Their government, and their great senate choose.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To base; ground; institute; establish; fix. See
<u>Predicate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Foun*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fondation</i>, L. <i>fundatio</i>. See <u>Found</u> to establish.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of founding, fixing, establishing, or
beginning to erect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That upon which anything is founded; that
on which anything stands, and by which it is supported; the lowest
and supporting layer of a superstructure; groundwork;
basis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, I lay in Zion, for a <i>foundation</i>, a
stone . . . a precious corner stone, a sure
<i>foundation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is. xxviii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>foundation</i> of a free common
wealth.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The lowest and supporting
part or member of a wall, including the base course (see <i>Base
course</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under <u>Base</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>) and footing courses; in a frame house, the
whole substructure of masonry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A donation or legacy appropriated to
support a charitable institution, and constituting a permanent fund;
endowment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was entered on the <i>foundation</i> of
Westminster.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is founded, or established by
endowment; an endowed institution or charity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Against the canon laws of our
<i>foundation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Foundation course</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Base course</i>,
under <u>Base</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Foundation
muslin</b></col>, <cd>an open-worked gummed fabric used for
stiffening dresses, bonnets, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Foundation
school</b></col>, <cd>in England, an endowed school.</cd> --
<col><b>To be on a foundation</b></col>, <cd>to be entitled to a
support from the proceeds of an endowment, as a scholar or a fellow
of a college.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Foun*da"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
derives support from the funds or foundation of a college or
school.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Foun*da"tion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
foundation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Found"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>fondeor</i>, F. <i>fondateur</i>, L. <i>fundator</i>.] <def>One
who founds, establishes, and erects; one who lays a foundation; an
author; one from whom anything originates; one who endows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Found"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Found</u> to
cast.] <def>One who founds; one who casts metals in various forms; a
caster; as, a <i>founder</i> of cannon, bells, hardware, or
types.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fonder's dust</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Facing</u>,
4.</cd> -- <col><b>Founder's sand</b></col>, <cd>a kind of sand
suitable for purposes of molding.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Found"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Foundered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Foundering</u>.] [OF. <i>fondrer</i> to fall in, cf. F.
<i>s'effondrer</i>, fr. <i>fond</i> bottom, L. <i>fundus</i>. See
<u>Found</u> to establish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
become filled with water, and sink, as a ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fall; to stumble and go lame, as a
horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For which his horse fear&eacute; gan to turn,<BR>
And leep aside, and <i>foundrede</i> as he leep.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fail; to miscarry.</def> "All his
tricks <i>founder</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Found"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause internal
inflammation and soreness in the feet or limbs of (a horse), so as to
disable or lame him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Found"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A lameness in the foot of a horse,
occasioned by inflammation; closh.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
inflammatory fever of the body, or acute rheumatism; as, chest
<i>founder</i>. See <u>Chest ffounder</u>.</def>  <i>James
White.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foun"der*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Difficult to
travel; likely to trip one up; as, a <i>founderous</i> road.</def>
[R.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Found"er*shaft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>The first shaft sunk.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Found"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Founderies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>fonderie</i>, fr.
<i>fondre</i>. See <u>Found</u> to cast, and cf. <u>Foundry</u>.]
<def>Same as <u>Foundry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Found"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of smelting
and casting metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Found"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>foundling</i>, <i>fundling</i>; <i>finden</i> to find + <i>-
ling</i>; cf. <i>f&uuml;ndling</i>, <i>findling</i>. See <u>Find</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and <u>-ling</u>.] <def>A deserted or
exposed infant; a child found without a parent or owner.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Foundling hospital</b></col>, <cd>a hospital for
foundlings.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Found"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
founder; a woman who founds or establishes, or who endows with a
fund.</def></p>

<p><hw>Found"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Foundries</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Foundery</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act, process, or art of casting
metals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The buildings and works for casting
metals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Foundry ladle</b></col>, <cd>a vessel for holding molten
metal and conveying it from cupola to the molds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fount</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Font</u>.]
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>A font.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fount</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>font</i>,
<i>funt</i>, fr. L. <i>fons</i>, <i>fontis</i>, a fountain; of
uncertain origin, perh. akin to <i>fundere</i> to pour, E.
<i>found</i> to cast.  Cf. <u>Font</u>.] <def>A fountain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foun"tain</hw> (foun"t&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fontaine</i>, LL. <i>fontana</i>, fr. L. <i>fons</i>,
<i>fontis</i>. See 2d <u>Fount</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spring
of water issuing from the earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An artificially produced jet or stream of
water; also, the structure or works in which such a jet or stream
rises or flows; a basin built and constantly supplied with pure water
for drinking and other useful purposes, or for ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A reservoir or chamber to contain a liquid
which can be conducted or drawn off as needed for use; as, the ink
<i>fountain</i> in a printing press, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The source from which anything proceeds,
or from which anything is supplied continuously; origin;
source.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Judea, the <i>fountain</i> of the gospel.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Author of all being,<BR>
<i>Fountain</i> of light, thyself invisible.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Air fountain</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Air</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fountain heead</b></col>, <cd>primary source; original; first
principle.</cd> <i>Young.</i> -- <col><b>Fountain inkstand</b></col>,
<cd>an inkstand having a continual supply of ink, as from elevated
reservoir.</cd> -- <col><b>Fountain lamp</b></col>, <cd>a lamp fed
with oil from an elevated reservoir.</cd> -- <col><b>Fountain
pen</b></col>, <cd>a pen with a reservoir in the handle which
furnishes a supply of ink.</cd> -- <col><b>Fountain pump</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A structure for a fountain, having the form
of a pump.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A portable garden pump which
throws a jet, for watering plants, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fountain
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the large West Indian conch
shell (<i>Strombus gigas</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Fountain of
youth</b></col>, <cd>a mythical fountain whose waters were fabled to
have the property of renewing youth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Foun"tain*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
fountain; destitute of springs or sources of water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Barren desert, <i>fountainless</i> and
dry.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fount"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
fountains.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Four</hw> (f&omacr;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>four</i>,
<i>fower</i>, <i>feower</i>, AS. <i>fe&oacute;wer</i>; akin to OS.
<i>fiwar</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>vier</i>, OHG. <i>fior</i>, Icel.
<i>fj&omacr;rir</i>, Sw. <i>fyra</i>, Dan. <i>fire</i>, Goth.
<i>fidw&omacr;r</i>, Russ. <i>chetuire</i>, <i>chetvero</i>, W.
<i>pedwar</i>, L. <i>quatuor</i>, Gr. <grk>te`ttares</grk>,
<grk>te`ssares</grk>, <grk>pi`syres</grk>, Skr. <i>catur</i>.
&radic;302.  Cf. <u>Farthing</u>, <u>Firkin</u>, <u>Forty</u>,
<u>Cater</u> four, <u>Quater-cousin</u>, <u>Quatuor</u>, <u>Quire</u>
of paper, <u>tetrarch</u>.] <def>One more than three; twice
two.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
sum of four units; four units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing four units, as 4 or
iv.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Four things of the same kind, esp. four
horses; as, a chariot and <i>four</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>All fours</b></col>. <cd>See <u>All fours</u>, in the
Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fourb</hw>, <hw>Fourbe</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A tricky fellow; a cheat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Four`ch&eacute;"</hw> (f&oomac;r`sh&asl;"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Fork</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having
the ends forked or branched, and the ends of the branches terminating
abruptly as if cut off; -- said of an ordinary, especially of a
cross.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Four`chette"</hw> (f&oomac;r`sh&ebreve;t"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of <i>fourche</i>. See <u>Fork</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A table fork.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
fold of membrane, connecting the labia in the posterior part of the
vulva.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The wishbone or furculum of
birds.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The frog of the hoof of the
horse and allied animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument used to raise
and support the tongue during the cutting of the
fr&aelig;num.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Glove Making)</i> <def>The forked piece
between two adjacent fingers, to which the front and back portions
are sewed.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Four"-cor`nered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
four corners or angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four`dri`nier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A machine
used in making paper; -- so named from an early inventor of
improvements in this class of machinery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fe&oacute;werfeold</i>.] <def>Four times; quadruple; as, a
<i>fourfold</i> division.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall restore the lamb
<i>fourfold</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xii. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Four"fold`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Four times as many
or as much.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"fold`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make four
times as much or as many, as an assessment; to quadruple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"foot`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having four
feet; quadruped; as, <i>fourfooted</i> beasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Four`gon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Mil.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An ammunition wagon.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A French baggage wagon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"hand`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having four hands; quadrumanous.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Requiring four "hands" or players; as, a
<i>fourhanded</i> game at cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fou"ri*er*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
co&ouml;perative socialistic system of Charles <i>Fourier</i>, a
Frenchman, who recommended the reorganization of society into small
communities, living in common.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fou"ri*er*ist</hw>, <hw>Fou"ri*er*ite</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who adopts the views of
Fourier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"-in-hand</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting
of four horses controlled by one person; as, a <i>four-in-hand</i>
team; drawn by four horses driven by one person; as, a <i>four-in-
hand</i> coach.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A team of four
horses driven by one person; also, a vehicle drawn by such a
team.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As quaint a <i>four-in-hand</i><BR>
As you shall see.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Four"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of four children born at the same time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A compound or twin
crystal consisting of four individuals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Four`neau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>The chamber of a mine in which the powder is placed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"-o'clock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Mirabilis</i>. There are about half a dozen species, natives of
the warmer parts of America. The common <i>four-o'clock</i> is <i>M.
Jalapa</i>. Its flowers are white, yellow, and red, and open toward
sunset, or earlier in cloudy weather; hence the name. It is also
called <i>marvel of Peru</i>, and <i>afternoon lady</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The friar bird; -- so
called from its cry, which resembles these words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"pence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A British silver coin, worth four pence; a groat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A name formerly given in New England to
the Spanish half real, a silver coin worth six and a quarter
cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"-post`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large
bedstead with tall posts at the corners to support curtains.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Four"rier</hw> (?; F. &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. OF.
<i>forre</i>. See <u>Forage</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
harbinger.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Four"score`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Four</i> +
<i>core</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Four times twenty;
eighty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"score`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The product of
four times twenty; eighty units or objects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"square`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having four
sides and four equal angles.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Four"teen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>fourtene</i>, <i>feowertene</i>, AS.
<i>fe&oacute;wert&ymacr;ne</i>, <i>fe&oacute;wert&emacr;ne</i>. See
<u>Four</u>, and <u>Ten</u>, and cf. <u>Forty</u>.] <def>Four and ten
more; twice seven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"teen`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The sum of ten and four; forteen units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing fourteen, as 14 or
xiv.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"teenth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>fourtende</i>, <i>fourtethe</i>, AS.
<i>fe&oacute;werteo&eth;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next in order
after the thirteenth; as, the <i>fourteenth</i> day of the
month.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Making or constituting one of fourteen
equal parts into which anything may be divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"teenth`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of fourteen equal parts into which one whole may be divided;
the quotient of a unit divided by fourteen; one next after the
thirteenth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The octave of the
seventh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fourth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fourthe</i>,
<i>ferthe</i>, <i>feorthe</i>, AS. <i>fe&oacute;r&eth;a</i>, fr.
<i>fe&oacute;wer</i> four.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next in order
after the third; the ordinal of four.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Forming one of four equal parts into which
anything may be divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fourth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
of four equal parts into which one whole may be divided; the quotient
of a unit divided by four; one coming next in order after the
third.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The interval of two tones
and a semitone, embracing four diatonic degrees of the scale; the
subdominant of any key.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Fourth</b></col>, <cd>specifically, in the United
States, the fourth day of July, the anniversary of the declaration of
American independence; as, to celebrate <i>the Fourth</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fourth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the fourth
place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"-way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Allowing
passage in either of four directions; as, a <i>four-way</i> cock, or
valve.</def>  <i>Francis.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Four-way cock</b></col>, <cd>a cock connected with four
pipes or ports, and having two or more passages in the plug, by which
the adjacent pipes or ports may be made to communicate; formerly used
as a valve in the steam engine, and now for various other purposes.
In the illustration, <i>a</i> leads to the upper end of a steam
engine cylinder, and <i>b</i> to the lower end; <i>c</i> is the steam
pipe, and <i>d</i> the exhaust pipe.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 591 !></p>

<p><hw>Four"-wheeled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having four
wheels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"-wheel`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vehicle
having four wheels.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Fous"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Natibe name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A viverrine animal of Madagascar
(<i>Cryptoprocta ferox</i>). It resembles a cat in size and form, and
has retractile claws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fou"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>foutre</i> to
lecher, L. <i>futuere</i>.  Cf. <u>Fouty</u>.] <def>A despicable
fellow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Brockett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fou"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fouter</u>.]
<def>A fig; -- a word of contempt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>foutra</i> for the world and wordlings
base!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fou"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>foutu</i>, p.
p. of <i>foutre</i>; OF. <i>foutu</i> scoundrel. See <u>Fouter</u>.]
<def>Despicable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Fo"ve*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fove&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a small pit.] <def>A slight
depression or pit; a fossa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"ve*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fovea</i> a
pit.] <def>Having pits or depressions; pitted.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fo*ve"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Foveol&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>fovea</i>.]
<def>A small depression or pit; a fovea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"ve*o*late</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
small pits or depressions, as the receptacle in some composite
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"ve*o*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Foveolate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo*vil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fovill&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [Dim. fr. L. <i>fovere to
cherish</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the fine granules contained
in the protoplasm of a pollen grain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fowl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  Instead of the <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fowls</b></plw> the singular is often used collectively. [OE.
<i>foul</i>, <i>fowel</i>, <i>foghel</i>, <i>fuhel</i>, <i>fugel</i>,
AS. <i>fugol</i>; akin to OS. <i>fugal</i> D. &amp; G. <i>vogel</i>, OHG.
<i>fogal</i>, Icel. &amp; Dan. <i>fugl</i>, Sw. <i>fogel</i>,
<i>f&aring;gel</i>, Goth. <i>fugls</i>; of unknown origin, possibly
by loss of <i>l</i>, from the root of E. <i>fly</i>, or akin to E.
<i>fox</i>, as being a tailed animal.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any
bird; esp., any large edible bird.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and
over the <i>fowl</i> of the air.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold the <i>fowls</i> of the air; for they sow
not.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vi. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a flight of <i>fowl</i><BR>
Scattered by winds and high tempestuous gusts.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any domesticated bird used as food, as a
hen, turkey, duck; in a more restricted sense, the common domestic
cock or hen (<i>Gallus domesticus</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barndoor fowl</b></col>, or <col><b>Barnyard
fowl</b></col>, <cd>a fowl that frequents the barnyard; the common
domestic cock or hen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fowl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fowled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fowling</u>.] <def>To catch or kill wild fowl, for game or food,
as by shooting, or by decoys, nets, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such persons as may lawfully hunt, fish, or
<i>fowl</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fowling piece</b></col>, <cd>a light gun with smooth bore,
adapted for the use of small shot in killing birds or small
quadrupeds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fowl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sportsman who
pursues wild fowl, or takes or kills for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fow"ler*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Dr. Samuel
<i>Fowler</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of rhodonite, from
Franklin Furnace, New Jersey, containing some zinc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fow"ler's so*lu"tion</hw> (?). <def>An aqueous solution of
arsenite of potassium, of such strength that one hundred parts
represent one part of arsenious acid, or white arsenic; -- named from
<i>Fowler</i>, an English physician who first brought it into
use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fox</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Foxes</b></plw> (#). [AS. <i>fox</i>; akin to D. <i>vos</i>,
G. <i>fuchs</i>, OHG. <i>fuhs</i>, <i>foha</i>, Goth.
<i>fa&uacute;h&?;</i>, Icel. <i>f&?;a</i> fox, <i>fox</i> fraud; of
unknown origin, cf. Skr. <i>puccha</i> tail.  Cf. <u>Vixen</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A carnivorous animal of
the genus <i>Vulpes</i>, family <i>Canid&aelig;</i>, of many species.
The European fox (<i>V. vulgaris</i> or <i>V. vulpes</i>), the
American red fox (<i>V. fulvus</i>), the American gray fox (<i>V.
Virginianus</i>), and the arctic, white, or blue, fox (<i>V.
lagopus</i>) are well-known species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>black</i> or <i>silver-gray</i> fox is a variety of
the American red fox, producing a fur of great value; the <i>cross-
gray</i> and <i>woods-gray</i> foxes are other varieties of the same
species, of less value. The common foxes of Europe and America are
very similar; both are celebrated for their craftiness. They feed on
wild birds, poultry, and various small animals.</p>

<p><blockquote>Subtle as the <i>fox</i> for prey.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
dragonet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fox shark or
thrasher shark; -- called also <i>sea fox</i>. See <i>Thrasher
shark</i>, under <u>Shark</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sly, cunning fellow.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We call a crafty and cruel man a
<i>fox</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Rope yarn twisted together,
and rubbed with tar; -- used for seizings or mats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A sword; -- so called from the stamp of a
<i>fox</i> on the blade, or perhaps of a wolf taken for a fox.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou diest on point of <i>fox</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians which, with the Sacs, formerly occupied the region about
Green Bay, Wisconsin; -- called also <i>Outagamies</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fox and geese</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A boy's
game, in which one boy tries to catch others as they run one goal to
another.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A game with sixteen checkers,
or some substitute for them, one of which is called the <i>fox</i>,
and the rest the <i>geese</i>; the <i>fox</i>, whose first position
is in the middle of the board, endeavors to break through the line of
the geese, and the geese to pen up the fox.</cd> -- <col><b>Fox
bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large fruit bat of the genus
<i>Pteropus</i>, of many species, inhabiting Asia, Africa, and the
East Indies, esp. <i>P. medius</i> of India. Some of the species are
more than four feet across the outspread wings. See <u>Fruit
bat</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fox bolt</b></col>, <cd>a bolt having a
split end to receive a fox wedge.</cd> -- <col><b>Fox brush</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the tail of a fox.</cd> -- <col><b>Fox
evil</b></col>, <cd>a disease in which the hair falls off;
alopecy.</cd> -- <col><b>Fox grape</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
name of two species of American grapes. The northern fox grape
(<i>Vitis Labrusca</i>) is the origin of the varieties called
<i>Isabella</i>, <i>Concord</i>, <i>Hartford</i>, etc., and the
southern fox grape (<i>Vitis vulpina</i>) has produced the
<i>Scuppernong</i>, and probably the <i>Catawba</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fox hunter</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One who pursues
foxes with hounds.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A horse ridden in a
fox chase.</cd> -- <col><b>Fox shark</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the thrasher shark. See <i>Thrasher shark</i>, under
<u>Thrasher</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fox sleep</b></col>, <cd>pretended
sleep.</cd> -- <col><b>Fox sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a large American sparrow (<i>Passerella iliaca</i>); -- so called
on account of its reddish color.</cd> -- <col><b>Fox
squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large North American
squirrel (<i>Sciurus niger</i>, or <i>S. cinereus</i>). In the
Southern States the black variety prevails; farther north the fulvous
and gray variety, called the <i>cat squirrel</i>, is more
common.</cd> -- <col><b>Fox terrier</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>one of a peculiar breed of terriers, used in hunting to drive
foxes from their holes, and for other purposes. There are rough- and
smooth-haired varieties.</cd> -- <col><b>Fox trot</b></col>, <cd>a
pace like that which is adopted for a few steps, by a horse, when
passing from a walk into a trot, or a trot into a walk.</cd> --
<col><b>Fox wedge</b></col> <i>(Mach. &amp; Carpentry)</i>, <cd>a wedge
for expanding the split end of a bolt, cotter, dowel, tenon, or other
piece, to fasten the end in a hole or mortise and prevent withdrawal.
The wedge abuts on the bottom of the hole and the piece is driven
down upon it. Fastening by fox wedges is called <i>foxtail
wedging</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fox wolf</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>one of several South American wild dogs, belonging to the genus
<i>Canis</i>. They have long, bushy tails like a fox.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fox</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Foxed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Foxing</u>.] [See <u>Fox</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, cf. Icel.
<i>fox</i> imposture.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To intoxicate; to
stupefy with drink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I drank . . . so much wine that I was almost
<i>foxed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make sour, as beer, by causing it to
ferment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To repair the feet of, as of boots, with
new front upper leather, or to piece the upper fronts of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fox</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn sour; -- said
of beer, etc., when it sours in fermenting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fox"earth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hole in the
earth to which a fox resorts to hide himself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foxed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Discolored or stained; -- said of timber, and also of the paper
of books or engravings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Repaired by foxing; as, <i>foxed</i>
boots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fox"e*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Behavior like
that of a fox; cunning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fox"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Fox</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fox"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The fox shark; -- called also <i>sea
fox</i>. See <i>Thrasher shark</i>, under <u>Shark</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The european dragonet. See
<u>Dragonet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fox"glove`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>foxes-
gl&omacr;fa</i>, <i>foxes-cl&omacr;fa</i>,<i>foxes-clife</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus <i>Digitalis</i>. The
common English foxglove (<i>Digitalis purpurea</i>) is a handsome
perennial or biennial plant, whose leaves are used as a powerful
medicine, both as a sedative and diuretic. See
<u>Digitalis</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pan through the pastures oftentimes hath run<BR>
To pluck the speckled <i>foxgloves</i> from their stem.</blockquote>
<i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fox"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a special breed of hounds used for chasing
foxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fox"-hunt`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to or engaged in the hunting of foxes; fond of hunting
foxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fox"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being foxy, or foxlike; craftiness;
shrewdness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being foxed or discolored, as
books; decay; deterioration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A coarse and sour taste in
grapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fox"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foxlike.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fox"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a fox
in his characteristic qualities; cunning; artful; foxy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fox"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foxlike.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Foxly</i> craft."  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fox"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Foxiness;
craftiness.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fox"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The tail or brush of a fox.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name of several kinds of
grass having a soft dense head of flowers, mostly the species of
<i>Alopecurus</i> and <i>Setaria</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The last cinders obtained
in the fining process.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Foxtail saw</b></col>, <cd>a dovetail saw.</cd> --
<col><b>Foxtail wedging</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Fox wedge</i>, under
<u>Fox</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fox"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Like or pertaining to the fox; foxlike in disposition or looks;
wily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Modred's narrow, <i>foxy</i> face.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the color of a fox; of a yellowish
or reddish brown color; -- applied sometimes to paintings when they
have too much of this color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having the odor of a fox; rank; strong
smeelling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sour; unpleasant in taste; -- said of
wine, beer, etc., not properly fermented; -- also of grapes which
have the coarse flavor of the fox grape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foy</hw> (foi), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>foi</i>, old
spelling <i>foy</i>, faith. See <u>Faith</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Faith; allegiance; fealty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A feast given by one about to leave a
place.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He did at the Dog give me, and some other friends of
his, his <i>foy</i>, he being to set sail to-day.</blockquote>
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Foy`er"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>focarium</i> fireplace. See <u>Focus</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lobby in a theater; a greenroom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The crucible or basin in a furnace which
receives the molten metal.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foy"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Foison</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"zi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being fozy; spiritlessness; dullness.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[The Whigs'] <i>foziness</i> can no longer be
concealed.</blockquote> <i>Blackwood's.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fo"zy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spongy; soft; fat
and puffy.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Fra</hw> (fr&adot;), <pos><i>adv. &amp; prep.</i></pos> [OE.]
<def>Fro.</def> [Old Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Fra</hw> (fr&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., for
<i>frate</i>. See <u>Friar</u>.] <def>Brother; -- a title of a monk
or friar; as, <i>Fra</i> Angelo.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frab</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To scold; to
nag.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Frab"bit</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Crabbed;
peevish.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Fra"cas</hw> (fr&amacr;"k<i>a</i>s; F. fr&adot;`k&auml;";
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., crash, din, tumult, It.
<i>fracasso</i>, fr. <i>fracassare</i> to break in pieces, perh. fr.
<i>fra</i> within, among (L. <i>infra</i>) + <i>cassare</i> to annul,
cashier.  Cf. <u>Cashier</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>An
uproar; a noisy quarrel; a disturbance; a brawl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frache</hw> (fr&amacr;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shallow
iron pan to hold glass ware while being annealed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fracidus</i>
mellow, soft.] <def>Rotten from being too ripe; overripe.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fract</hw> (fr&abreve;kt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fractus</i>, p. p. of <i>frangere</i> to break.] <def>To break; to
violate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frac"ted</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having
a part displaced, as if broken; -- said of an ordinary.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fraction</i>,
L. <i>fractio</i> a breaking, fr. <i>frangere</i>, <i>fractum</i>, to
break. See <u>Break</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
breaking, or state of being broken, especially by violence.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Neither can the natural body of Christ be subject to
any <i>fraction</i> or breaking up.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A portion; a fragment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some niggard <i>fractions</i> of an hour.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arith. or Alg.)</i> <def>One or more
aliquot parts of a unit or whole number; an expression for a definite
portion of a unit or magnitude.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Common, or Vulgar</b></col>, <col><b>fraction</b></col>,
<cd>a fraction in which the number of equal parts into which the
integer is supposed to be divided is indicated by figures or letters,
called the <i>denominator</i>, written below a line, over which is
the <i>numerator</i>, indicating the number of these parts included
in the fraction; as &frac12;, one half, &frac25;, two fifths.</cd> --
<col><b>Complex fraction</b></col>, <cd>a fraction having a fraction
or mixed number in the numerator or denominator, or in both.</cd>
<i>Davies &amp; Peck.</i> -- <col><b>Compound fraction</b></col>, <cd>a
fraction of a fraction; two or more fractions connected by
<i>of</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Continued fraction</b></col>,
<col><b>Decimal fraction</b></col>, <col><b>Partial
fraction</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>Continued</u>,
<u>Decimal</u>, <u>Partial</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Improper
fraction</b></col>, <cd>a fraction in which the numerator is greater
than the denominator.</cd> -- <col><b>Proper fraction</b></col>,
<cd>a fraction in which the numerator is less than the
denominator.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Frac"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To
separate by means of, or to subject to, fractional distillation or
crystallization; to fractionate; -- frequently used with <i>out</i>;
as, to <i>fraction</i> out a certain grade of oil from
pretroleum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frac"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to fractions or a fraction; constituting a
fraction; as, <i>fractional</i> numbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relatively small; inconsiderable;
insignificant; as, a <i>fractional</i> part of the
population.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fractional crystallization</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
process of gradual and approximate purification and separation, by
means of repeated solution and crystallization therefrom.</cd> --
<col><b>Fractional currency</b></col>, <cd>small coin, or paper
notes, in circulation, of less value than the monetary unit.</cd> --
<col><b>Fractional distillation</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
process of distillation so conducted that a mixture of liquids,
differing considerably from each other in their boiling points, can
be separated into its constituents.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Frac"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By fractions
or separate portions; as, to distill a liquid <i>fractionally</i>,
that is, so as to separate different portions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frac"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Fractional.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Frac"tion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
separate into different portions or fractions, as in the distillation
of liquids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frac"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>frack</i> forward, eager, E. <i>freak</i>, <i>fridge</i>; or Prov.
E. <i>fratch</i> to squabble, quarrel.] <def>Apt to break out into a
passion; apt to scold; cross; snappish; ugly; unruly; as, a
<i>fractious</i> man; a <i>fractious</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Snappish; peevish; waspish; cross; irritable;
perverse; pettish.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Frac"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> --
<wf>Frac"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Frac"tur*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or consequent on, a fracture.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Frac"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fractura</i>, fr. <i>frangere</i>, <i>fractum</i>, to break: cf.
F. <i>fracture</i>. See <u>Fraction</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of breaking or snapping asunder; rupture; breach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The breaking of a
bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The texture of a freshly
broken surface; as, a compact <i>fracture</i>; an even, hackly, or
conchoidal <i>fracture</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Comminuted fracture</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>a
fracture in which the bone is broken into several parts.</cd> --
<col><b>Complicated fracture</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>a fracture
of the bone combined with the lesion of some artery, nervous trunk,
or joint.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound fracture</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>,
<cd>a fracture in which there is an open wound from the surface down
to the fracture.</cd> -- <col><b>Simple fracture</b></col>
<i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>a fracture in which the bone only is ruptured. It
does not communicate with the surface by an open wound.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Fracture</u>, <u>Rupture</u>. These words denote
different kinds of <i>breaking</i>, according to the objects to which
they are applied. <i>Fracture</i> is applied to hard substances; as,
the <i>fracture</i> of a bone. <i>Rupture</i> is oftener applied to
soft substances; as, the <i>rupture</i> of a blood vessel. It is also
used figuratively. "To be an enemy and once to have been a friend,
does it not embitter the <i>rupture</i>?"  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><! p. 592 !></p>

<p><hw>Frac"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fractured</u> (#; 135); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos>. <u>Fracturing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>fracturer</i>.] <def>To
cause a fracture or fractures in; to break; to burst asunder; to
crack; to separate the continuous parts of; as, to <i>fracture</i> a
bone; to <i>fracture</i> the skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fr&aelig;n"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fr&aelig;nula</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>fraenum</i>
a bridle.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A fr&aelig;num.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fr&aelig;"num</hw> (?), or <hw>Fre"num</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Fr&aelig;nums</b></plw>
(#), L. <plw><b>Fr&aelig;na</b></plw> (#). [L., a bridle.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A connecting fold of membrane serving to support
or restrain any part; as, the <i>fr&aelig;num</i> of the
tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frag"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fragilis</i>,
from <i>frangere</i> to break; cf. F. <i>fragile</i>. See
<u>Break</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Frail</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Easily broken; brittle; frail; delicate;
easily destroyed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The state of ivy is tough, and not
<i>fragile</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Brittle; infirm; weak; frail; frangible;
slight.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Frag"ile*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fra*gil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fragilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>fragilit&eacute;</i>.  Cf.
<u>Frailty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or quality of
being fragile; brittleness; frangibility.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weakness; feebleness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An appearance of delicacy, and even of
<i>fragility</i>, is almost essential to it [beauty].</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liability to error and sin; frailty.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fragility</i> and youthful folly of Qu.
Fabius.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frag"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fragmentum</i>, fr. frangere to break: cf. F. <i>fragment</i>. See
<u>Break</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A part broken off; a
small, detached portion; an imperfect part; as, a <i>fragment</i> of
an ancient writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gather up the <i>fragments</i> that
remain.</blockquote> <i>John vi. 12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frag*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fragmentary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Consisting of the
pulverized or fragmentary material of rock, as conglomerate, shale,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frag*men"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
fragmentary rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frag"men*ta*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
fragmentary manner; piecemeal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frag"men*ta*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or property of being in fragments, or broken pieces;
incompleteness; want of continuity.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frag"men*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fragmentaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Composed of fragments,
or broken pieces; disconnected; not complete or entire.</def>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Composed of the fragments
of other rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frag"ment*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Broken into
fragments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frag"ment*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
fragments; as, the <i>fragmentist</i> of Wolfenb&uuml;ttel.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Fra"gor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a breaking to
pieces, fr. <i>frangere</i> to break.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A loud
and sudden sound; the report of anything bursting; a crash.</def>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Due to confusion with <i>fragrant</i>.] <def>A
strong or sweet scent.</def> [Obs. &amp; Illegitimate.]  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fra"grance</hw> (?), <hw>Fra"gran*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fragrantia</i>: cf. OF.
<i>fragrance</i>.] <def>The quality of being fragrant; sweetness of
smell; a sweet smell; a pleasing odor; perfume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eve separate he spies,<BR>
Veiled in a cloud of <i>fragrance</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The goblet crowned,<BR>
Breathed aromatic <i>fragrancies</i> around.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fra"grant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fragrans</i>.
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>fragrare</i> to emit a smell of
fragrance: cf. OF. <i>fragrant</i>.] <def>Affecting the olfactory
nerves agreeably; sweet of smell; odorous; having or emitting an
agreeable perfume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fragrant</i> the fertile earth<BR>
After soft showers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sweet-smelling; odorous; odoriferous; sweet-
scented; redolent; ambrosial; balmy; spicy; aromatic.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Fra"grant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fraight</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Fraught</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fraiel</i>,
<i>fraile</i>, OF. <i>fraiel</i>, <i>freel</i>, <i>frael</i>, fr. LL.
<i>fraellum</i>.] <def>A basket made of rushes, used chiefly for
containing figs and raisins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quantity of raisins -- about thirty-
two, fifty-six, or seventy-five pounds, -- contained in a
frail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rush for weaving baskets.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frail</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Frailer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl</i></pos>. <u>Frailest</u>.] [OE.
<i>frele</i>, <i>freile</i>, OF. <i>fraile</i>, <i>frele</i>, F.
<i>fr&ecirc;le</i>, fr. L. <i>fragilis</i>. See <u>Fragile</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easily broken; fragile; not firm or durable;
liable to fail and perish; easily destroyed; not tenacious of life;
weak; infirm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That I may know how <i>frail</i> I am.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xxxix. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An old bent man, worn and <i>frail</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tender.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Deep indignation and compassion.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liable to fall from virtue or be led into
sin; not strong against temptation; weak in resolution; also,
unchaste; -- often applied to fallen women.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man is <i>frail</i>, and prone to evil.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frail"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Weakly;
infirmly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frail"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Frailty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frail"ty</hw> (fr&amacr;l"t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Frailties</b></plw> (-t&ibreve;z). [OE.
<i>frelete</i>, <i>freilte</i>, OF. <i>frailet&eacute;</i>, fr. L.
<i>fragilitas</i>. See <u>Frail</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Fragility</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or quality
of being frail, physically, mentally, or morally; frailness;
infirmity; weakness of resolution; liableness to be deceived or
seduced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God knows our <i>frailty</i>, [and] pities our
weakness.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fault proceeding from weakness; foible;
sin of infirmity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Frailness; fragility; imperfection; failing.</p>

<p><hw>||Frai"scheur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.; F
<i>fraicheur</i>, fr. <i>frais</i>, fem. <i>fra&icirc;che</i>, fresh;
of German origin. See <u>Frash</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Freshness; coolness.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fraise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Froise</u>.]
<def>A large and thick pancake, with slices of bacon in it.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fraise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fraise</i>,
orig., a ruff, cf. F. <i>frise</i> frieze, E. <i>frieze</i> a coarse
stuff.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A defense consisting
of pointed stakes driven into the ramparts in a horizontal or
inclined position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A fluted reamer for
enlarging holes in stone; a small milling cutter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fraise</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To
protect, as a line of troops, against an onset of cavalry, by
opposing bayonets raised obliquely forward.</def>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fraised</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fortified with a
fraise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frak"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A freckle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A few <i>fraknes</i> in his face.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fram"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being framed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fram*b&aelig;"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. &amp; NL.,
fr. F. <i>framboise</i> raspberry.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The yaws. See
<u>Yaws</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frame</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Framed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Framing</u>.] [OE. <i>framen</i>, <i>fremen</i>, to execute,
build, AS. <i>fremman</i> to further, perform, effect, fr.
<i>fram</i> strong, valiant; akin to E. <i>foremost</i>, and prob. to
AS. <i>fram</i> from, Icel. <i>fremja</i>, <i>frama</i>, to further,
<i>framr</i> forward, G. <i>fromm</i> worthy, excellent, pious. See
<u>Foremost</u>, <u>From</u>, and cf. <u>Furnish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch. &amp; Engin.)</i> <def>To construct by
fitting and uniting the several parts of the skeleton of any
structure; specifically, in woodwork, to put together by cutting
parts of one member to fit parts of another. See <u>Dovetail</u>,
<u>Halve</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Miter</u>, <u>Tenon</u>,
<u>Tooth</u>, <u>Tusk</u>, <u>Scarf</u>, and <u>Splice</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To originate; to plan; to devise; to
contrive; to compose; in a bad sense, to invent or fabricate, as
something false.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How many excellent reasonings are <i>framed</i> in the
mind of a man of wisdom and study in a length of years.</blockquote>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fit to something else, or for some
specific end; to adjust; to regulate; to shape; to conform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>frame</i> my face to all
occasions.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We may in some measure <i>frame</i> our minds for the
reception of happiness.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The human mind is <i>framed</i> to be
influenced.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause; to bring about; to
produce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fear <i>frames</i> disorder, and disorder
wounds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To support.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That on a staff his feeble steps did
<i>frame</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To provide with a frame, as a
picture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frame</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
shape; to arrange, as the organs of speech.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Judg.
xii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To proceed; to go.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The bauty of this sinful dame<BR>
Made many princes thither <i>frame</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frame</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything composed of parts fitted and united together; a fabric;
a structure; esp., the constructional system, whether of timber or
metal, that gives to a building, vessel, etc., its model and
strength; the skeleton of a structure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These are thy glorious works, Parent of good,<BR>
Almighty! thine this universal <i>frame</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The bodily structure; physical
constitution; make or build of a person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some bloody passion shakes your very
<i>frame</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>frames</i> could be strong enough to endure
it.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of open case or structure made for
admitting, inclosing, or supporting things, as that which incloses or
contains a window, door, picture, etc.; that on which anything is
held or stretched</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The skeleton
structure which supports the boiler and machinery of a locomotive
upon its wheels.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A
molding box or flask, which being filled with sand serves as a mold
for castings.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The ribs and stretchers
of an umbrella or other structure with a fabric covering.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A structure of four bars, adjustable in
size, on which cloth, etc., is stretched for quilting, embroidery,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A glazed portable
structure for protecting young plants from frost.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A stand to support the type
cases for use by the compositor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A term applied, especially
in England, to certain machines built upon or within framework; as, a
stocking <i>frame</i>; lace <i>frame</i>; spinning <i>frame</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Form; shape; proportion; scheme;
structure; constitution; system; as, a <i>frame</i>of
government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She that hath a heart of that fine <i>frame</i><BR>
To pay this debt of love but to a brother.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Put your discourse into some
<i>frame</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Particular state or disposition, as of the
mind; humor; temper; mood; as, to be always in a happy
<i>frame</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Contrivance; the act of devising or
scheming.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>John the bastard<BR>
Whose spirits toil in <i>frame</i> of villainies.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Balloon frame</b></col>, <col><b>Cant frames</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Balloon</u>, <u>Cant</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Frame</b></col> <col><b>building or house</b></col>, <cd>a
building of which the form and support is made of framed
timbers.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Frame level</b></col>, <cd>a mason's
level.</cd> -- <col><b>Frame saw</b></col>, <cd>a thin saw stretched
in a frame to give it rigidity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fram"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who frames;
as, the <i>framer</i> of a building; the <i>framers</i> of the
Constitution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frame"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The work of framing, or the completed work; the frame or
constructional part of anything; as, the <i>framework</i> of
society.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A staunch and solid piece of
<i>framework</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Work done in, or by means of, a frame or
loom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fram"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act, process, or style of putting together a frame, or of
constructing anything; a frame; that which frames.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch. &amp; Engin.)</i> <def>A framework, or a
sy&?; of frames.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Framing chisel</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a heavy
chisel with a socket shank for making mortises.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fram"pel</hw> (?), <hw>Fram"poid</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Also written <i>frampul</i>, <i>frampled</i>,
<i>framfold</i>.] [Cf. W. <i>fframfol</i> passionate, <i>ffrom</i>
angry, fretting; or perh. akin to E. <i>frump</i>.] <def>Peevish;
cross; vexatious; quarrelsome.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is Pompey grown so malapert, so
<i>frampel</i>?</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Franc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>franc</i> a
Franc. See <u>Frank</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A silver coin of
France, and since 1795 the unit of the French monetary system. It has
been adopted by Belgium and Swizerland. It is equivalent to about
nineteen cents, or ten pence, and is divided into 100
centimes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fran"chise</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>franc</i>, fem. <i>franche</i>, free. See <u>Frank</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exemption from
constraint or oppression; freedom; liberty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(LAw)</i> <def>A particular privilege
conferred by grant from a sovereign or a government, and vested in
individuals; an immunity or exemption from ordinary jurisdiction; a
constitutional or statutory right or privilege, esp. the right to
vote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Election by universal suffrage, as modified by the
Constitution, is the one crowning <i>franchise</i> of the American
people.</blockquote> <i>W. H. Seward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The district or jurisdiction to which a
particular privilege extends; the limits of an immunity; hence, an
asylum or sanctuary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Churches and mobasteries in Spain are
<i>franchises</i> for criminals.</blockquote> <i>London
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Magnanimity; generosity; liberality;
frankness; nobility.</def> "<i>Franchise</i> in woman." [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Elective franchise</b></col>, <cd>the privilege or right
of voting in an election of public officers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fran"chise</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Franchised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Franchising</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>franchir</i> to free, F., to cross.]
<def>To make free; to enfranchise; to give liberty to.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fran"chise*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>franchissement</i>.] <def>Release; deliverance; freedom.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fran"cic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Frank</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Pertaining to the Franks, or their
language; Frankish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fran*cis"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>Franciscus</i> Francis: cf. F. <i>franciscain</i>.] <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Order of St. Francis of the
Franciscans.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Franciscan Brothers</b></col>, <cd>pious laymen who devote
themselves to useful works, such as manual labor schools, and other
educational institutions; -- called also <i>Brothers of the Third
Order of St. Francis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Franciscan Nuns</b></col>,
<cd>nuns who follow the rule of St. Francis, esp. those of the Second
Order of St. Francis, -- called also <i>Poor Clares</i> or
<i>Minoresses</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Franciscan Tertiaries</b></col>,
<cd>the Third Order of St. Francis.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fran*cis"can</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i>
<def>A monk or friar of the Order of St. Francis, a large and zealous
order of mendicant monks founded in 1209 by St. Francis of Assisi.
They are called also <i>Friars Minor</i>; and in England, <i>Gray
Friars</i>, because they wear a gray habit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fran"co*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; cf. It.
<i>francolino</i>, Sp. <i>francolin</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
spurred partidge of the genus <i>Francolinus</i> and allied genera,
of Asia and Africa. The common species (<i>F. vulgaris</i>) was
formerly common in southern Europe, but is now nearly restricted to
Asia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fran"co*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A variety of apatite from Wheal <i>Franco</i> in
Devonshire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fran"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>frangens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>frangere</i>. See <u>Fraction</u>.] <def>Causing
fracture; breaking.</def> [R.]  <i>H. Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fran`gi*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>frangibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being
frangible.</def>  <i>Fox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fran"gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>frangible</i>.] <def>Capable of being broken; brittle; fragile;
easily broken.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fran"gi*pane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>frangipane</i>; supposed to be called so from the inventor, the
Marquis <i>Frangipani</i>, major general under Louis XIV.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A perfume of jasmine; frangipani.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A species of pastry, containing cream and
almonds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fran`gi*pan"i</hw> (?), <hw>Fran`gi*pan"ni</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Another spelling of <i>frangipane</i>.] <def>A
perfume derived from, or imitating the odor of, the flower of the red
jasmine, a West Indian tree of the genus <i>Plumeria</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fran*gu"lic</hw> (?), <hw>Fran`gu*lin"ic</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or drived
from, frangulin, or a species (<i>Rhamnus Frangula</i>) of the
buckthorn.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Frangulinic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a yellow
crystalline substance, resembling alizarin, and obtained by the
decomposition of frangulin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fran"gu*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A yellow crystalline dyestuff, regarded as a glucoside,
extracted from a species (<i>Rhamnus Frangula</i>) of the buckthorn;
-- called also <i>rhamnoxanthin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fran"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. from F.
<i>fain&eacute;ant</i> an idler.] <def>A paramour; a loose woman;
also, a gay, idle fellow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frank</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>franc</i>.]
<def>A pigsty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Frank</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shut up in a frank
or sty; to pen up; hence, to cram; to fatten.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
common heron; -- so called from its note.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><! p. 593 !></p>

<p><hw>Frank</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar</i></pos>
<u>Franker</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Frankest</u>.] [F.
<i>franc</i> free, frank, L. <i>Francus</i> a Frank, fr. OHG.
<i>Franko</i> the name of a Germanic people on the Rhine, who
afterward founded the French monarchy; cf. AS. <i>franca</i> javelin,
Icel. <i>frakka</i>.  Cf. <u>Franc</u>, <u>French</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Franchise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unbounded by restrictions, limitations, etc.;
free.</def> [R.] "It is of <i>frank</i> gift."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free in uttering one's real sentiments;
not reserved; using no disguise; candid; ingenuous; as, a
<i>frank</i> nature, conversation, manner, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liberal; generous; profuse.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Frank</i> of civilities that cost them
nothing.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Unrestrained; loose; licentious; -- used
in a bad sense.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ingenuous; candid; artless; plain; open;
unreserved; undisguised; sincere. See <u>Candid</u>,
<u>Ingenuous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Frank</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Franked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Franking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To send by public
conveyance free of expense.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To extempt from charge for postage, as a
letter, package, or packet, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Frank</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The privilege of sending letters or other
mail matter, free of postage, or without charge; also, the sign,
mark, or signature denoting that a letter or other mail matter is to
free of postage.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>I have said so much, that, if I had not a
<i>frank</i>, I must burn my letter and begin again.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>franc</i>. See
<u>Frank</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A member of one of the German tribes that in
the fifth century overran and conquered Gaul, and established the
kingdom of France.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of Western Europe;
a European; -- a term used in the Levant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A French coin. See <u>Franc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frank`al*moigne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>franc</i> free + Norm. F. <i>almoigne</i> alma, for
<i>almosne</i>, F. <i>aum&ocirc;ne</i>. See <u>Frank</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Almoner</u>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A
tenure by which a religious corporation holds lands given to them and
their successors forever, usually on condition of praying for the
soul of the donor and his heirs; -- called also <i>tenure by free
alms</i>.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frank"-chase`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Frank</i>
free + <i>chase</i>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The liberty or franchise
of having a chase; free chase.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frank"-fee`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Frank</i> free
+ <i>fee</i>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A species of tenure in fee
simple, being the opposite of ancient demesne, or copyhold.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frank"fort black`</hw> (?). <def>A black pigment used in
copperplate printing, prepared by burning vine twigs, the lees of
wine, etc.</def>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frank"in*cense</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>franc</i> free, pure + <i>encens</i> incense.] <def>A fragrant,
aromatic resin, or gum resin, burned as an incense in religious rites
or for medicinal fumigation. The best kinds now come from East Indian
trees, of the genus <i>Boswellia</i>; a commoner sort, from the
Norway spruce (<i>Abies excelsa</i>) and other coniferous trees. The
frankincense of the ancient Jews is still unidentified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frank"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A
method of forming a joint at the intersection of window-sash bars, by
cutting away only enough wood to show a miter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frank"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or pertaining
to, the Franks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frank"-law`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Frank</i> free
+ <i>law</i>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The liberty of being sworn in
courts, as a juror or witness; one of the ancient privileges of a
freeman; free and common law; -- an obsolete expression signifying
substantially the same as the American expression <i>civil
rights</i>.</def>  <i>Abbot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frank"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>frankelein</i>; cf. LL. <i>franchilanus</i>. See <u>Frank</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>An English freeholder, or substantial
householder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>franklin</i>, a small landholder of those
days.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Stephen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frank*lin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Benjamin Franklin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Franklinic electricity</b></col>, <cd>electricity produced
by friction; called also <i>statical electricity</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Frank"lin*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A kind of mineral of the spinel group.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frank"lin stove`</hw> (?). <def>A kind of open stove
introduced by Benjamin <i>Franklin</i>, the peculiar feature of which
was that a current of heated air was directly supplied to the room
from an air box; -- now applied to other varieties of open
stoves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frank"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a frank manner;
freely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Very <i>frankly</i> he confessed his
treasons.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Openly; ingenuously; plainly; unreservedly;
undisguisedly; sincerely; candidly; artlessly; freely; readily;
unhesitatingly; liberally; willingly.</p>

<p><hw>Frank"-mar"riage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Frank</i>
free + <i>marriage</i>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A certain tenure in
tail special; an estate of inheritance given to a man his wife (the
wife being of the blood of the donor), and descendible to the heirs
of their two bodies begotten.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frank"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being frank; candor; openess; ingenuousness; fairness;
liberality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frank"pledge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Frank</i>
free + <i>pledge</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A pledge or surety for the good behavior of freemen, -- each
freeman who was a member of an ancient decennary, tithing, or
friborg, in England, being a pledge for the good conduct of the
others, for the preservation of the public peace; a free
surety.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The tithing itself.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The servants of the crown were not, as now, bound in
<i>frankpledge</i> for each other.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fran"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>frentik</i>,
<i>frenetik</i>, F. <i>frentique</i>, L. <i>phreneticus</i>, from Gr.
&?;. See <u>Frenzy</u>, and cf. <u>Frenetic</u>, <u>Phrenetic</u>.]
<def>Mad; raving; furious; violent; wild and disorderly;
distracted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Die, <i>frantic</i> wretch, for this accursed
deed!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Torrents of <i>frantic</i> abuse.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fran"tic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fran"tic*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fran"tic*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frapping</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>frapper</i> to strike, to seize ropes.
Cf. <u>Affrap</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To draw
together; to bind with a view to secure and strengthen, as a vessel
by passing cables around it; to tighten; as a tackle by drawing the
lines together.</def>  <i>Tottem.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To brace by drawing together, as the cords
of a drum.</def>  <i>Knoght.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>frap</i>, and
Prov. E. <i>frape</i> to scold.] <def>A crowd, a rabble.</def> [Obs.]
<i>ares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frap"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blusterer; a
rowdy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Unpolished, a <i>frapler</i>, and base.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fra"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a brother.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A monk; also, a frater house.</def> [R.]
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Frater house</b></col>, <cd>an apartament in a convent
used as an eating room; a refectory; -- called also a
<i>fratery</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fra*ter"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[F.
<i>fraternel</i>, LL. <i>fraternalis</i>, fr. L. <i>fraternus</i>,
fr. <i>frater</i> brother. See <u>Brother</u>.] <def>Of, pertaining
to, or involving, brethren; becoming to brothers; brotherly; as,
<i>fraternal</i> affection; a <i>fraternal</i> embrace.</def> --
<wf>Fra*ter"nal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>An abhorred, a cursed, a <i>fraternal</i>
war.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fraternal</i> love and friendship.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fra*ter"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
fraternize; to hold fellowship.</def>  <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fra`ter*na"tion</hw> (?), <hw>Fra"ter*nism</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fraternization.</def> [R.]
<i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fra*ter"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fraternities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>fraternit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>fraternitas</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of
being fraternal or brotherly; brotherhood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body of men associated for their common
interest, business, or pleasure; a company; a brotherhood; a society;
in the Roman Catholic Church, an association for special religious
purposes, for relieving the sick and destitute, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Men of the same class, profession,
occupation, character, or tastes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With what terms of respect knaves and sots will speak
of their own <i>fraternity</i>!</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fra`ter*ni*za"tion</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of fraternizing or uniting as brothers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hope that no French <i>fraternization</i> . . .
could so change the hearts of Englishmen.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fra"ter*nize</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fraternized</u> (#); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>. <u>Fraternizing</u> (#).] [Cf. F.
<i>fraterniser</i>.] <def>To associate or hold fellowship as
brothers, or as men of like occupation or character; to have
brotherly feelings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fra"ter*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bring into
fellowship or brotherly sympathy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Correspondence for <i>fraternizing</i> the two
nations.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frat"er*ni`zer</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who fraternizes.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fra"ter*y</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frater</i> brother: cf. It. <i>frateria</i> a brotherhood of
monks. See <u>Friar</u>.] <def>A frater house. See under
<u>Frater</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fra"trage</hw> (? or ?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frater</i> a brother.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A sharing among brothers,
or brothers' kin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fra`tri*cel"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [It.
<i>fraticelli</i>, lit., little brothers, dim. fr. <i>frate</i>
brother, L. <i>frater</i>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The name which St. Francis of Assisi gave to his followers,
early in the 13th century.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sect
which seceded from the Franciscan Order, chiefly in Italy and Sicily,
in 1294, repudiating the pope as an apostate, maintaining the duty of
celibacy and poverty, and discountenancing oaths. Called also
<i>Fratricellians</i> and <i>Fraticelli</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frat"ri*ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to fratricide; of the nature of fratricide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frat"ri*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fratricidium</i> a brother's murder, fr. <i>fratricida</i> a
brother's murderer; <i>frater</i>, <i>fratris</i>, brother +
<i>caedere</i> to kill: cf. F. <i>fratricide</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who murders or kills his own brother.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [L. <i>fratricida</i>: cf. F.
<i>fratricide</i>.] <def>One who murders or kills his own
brother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fraud</hw> (fr&add;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fraude</i>,
L. <i>fraus</i>, <i>fraudis</i>; prob. akin to Skr.
<i>dh&umacr;rv</i> to injure, <i>dhv&rsdot;</i> to cause to fall, and
E. <i>dull</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deception deliberately
practiced with a view to gaining an unlawful or unfair advantage;
artifice by which the right or interest of another is injured;
injurious stratagem; deceit; trick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If success a lover's toil attends,<BR>
Few ask, if <i>fraud</i> or force attained his ends.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An intentional perversion of
truth for the purpose of obtaining some valuable thing or promise
from another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A trap or snare.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To draw the proud King Ahab into
<i>fraud</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Constructive fraud</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an act,
statement, or omission which operates as a fraud, although perhaps
not intended to be such.</cd> <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i> -- <col><b>Pious
fraud</b></col> <i>(Ch. Hist.)</i>, <cd>a fraud contrived and
executed to benefit the church or accomplish some good end, upon the
theory that the end justified the means.</cd> -- <col><b>Statute of
frauds</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an English statute (1676), the
principle of which is incorporated in the legislation of all the
States of this country, by which writing with specific solemnities
(varying in the several statutes) is required to give efficacy to
certain dispositions of property.</cd>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deception; deceit; guile; craft; wile; sham;
strife; circumvention; stratagem; trick; imposition; cheat. See
<u>Deception</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fraud"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of fraud,
deceit, or treachery; trickish; treacherous; fraudulent; -- applied
to persons or things.</def>  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fraud"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fraud"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
fraud.</def> -- <wf>Fraud"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fraud"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fraud"u*lence</hw> (?; 135), <hw>Fraud"u*len*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fraudulentia</i>.] <def>The quality of
being fraudulent; deliberate deceit; trickishness.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fraud"u*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fraudulentus</i>, fr. <i>fraus</i>, <i>fraudis</i>, fraud: cf. F.
<i>fraudulent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Using fraud; tricky;
deceitful; dishonest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by, founded on, or
proceeding from, fraud; as, a <i>fraudulent</i> bargain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He, with serpent tongue, . . . <BR>
His <i>fraudulent</i> temptation thus began.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Obtained or performed by artifice; as,
<i>fraudulent</i> conquest.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deceitful; fraudful; guileful; crafty; wily;
cunning; subtle; deceiving; cheating; deceptive; insidious;
treacherous; dishonest; designing; unfair.</p>

<p><hw>Fraud"u*lent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
fraudulent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fraught</hw> (fr&add;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>fraight</i>, <i>fraght</i>; akin to Dan. <i>fragt</i>, Sw.
<i>frakt</i>, D. <i>vracht</i>, G. <i>fracht</i>, cf. OHG.
<i>fr&emacr;ht</i> merit, reward; perh. from a pref. corresponding to
E. <i>for</i> + The root of E. <i>own</i>.  Cf. <u>Freight</u>.]
<def>A freight; a cargo.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fraught</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Freighted; laden;
filled; stored; charged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A vessel of our country richly
<i>fraught</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A discourse <i>fraught</i> with all the commending
excellences of speech.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Enterprises <i>fraught</i> with world-wide
benefits.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fraught</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fraughted</u> or <u>Fraught</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fraughting</u>.] [Akin to Dan. <i>fragte</i>, Sw.
<i>frakta</i>, D. <i>bevrachten</i>, G. <i>frachten</i>, cf. OHG.
<i>fr&emacr;ht&omacr;n</i> to deserve. See <u>Fraught</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To freight; to load; to burden; to fill;
to crowd.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the tumbling billows <i>fraughted</i> ride<BR>
The armed ships.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fraught"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Freight;
loading; cargo.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fraught"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Constituting the
freight or cargo.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>fraughting</i> souls within
her."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fraun"ho*fer lines`</hw> (?). <i>(Physics.)</i> <def>The lines
of the spectrum; especially and properly, the dark lines of the solar
spectrum, so called because first accurately observed and interpreted
by <i>Fraunhofer</i>, a German physicist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frax"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Fraxinus</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless crystalline substance, regarded as a
glucoside, and found in the bark of the ash (<i>Fraxinus</i>) and
along with esculin in the bark of the horse-chestnut. It shows a
delicate fluorescence in alkaline solutions; -- called also
<i>paviin</i>.</def><BR>
</p>

<p><hw>||Frax"i*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the ash
tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of deciduous forest trees, found in
the north temperate zone, and including the true ash trees.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Fraxinus excelsior</i> is the European ash; <i>F.
Americana</i>, the white ash; <i>F. sambucifolia</i>, the black ash
or water ash.</p>

<p><hw>Fray</hw> (fr&amacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviated from
<i>affray</i>.] <def>Affray; broil; contest; combat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who began this bloody <i>fray</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fray</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frayed</u> (fr&amacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fraying</u>.] [See 1st <u>Fray</u>, and cf.
<u>Affray</u>.] <def>To frighten; to terrify; to alarm.</def>  <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>frays</i> ye, that were wont to comfort me
affrayed?</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fray</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>fraier</i>. See
<u>Defray</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To bear the expense of;
to defray.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The charge of my most curious and costly ingredients
<i>frayed</i>, I shall acknowledge myself amply
satisfied.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fray</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>freier</i>,
<i>fraier</i>, <i>froier</i>, to rub. L. <i>fricare</i>; cf.
<i>friare</i> to crumble, E. <i>friable</i>; perh. akin to Gr.
<grk>chri`ein</grk> to anoint, <grk>chri^sma</grk> an anointing, Skr.
<i>gh&rsdot;sh</i> to rub, scratch.  Cf. <u>Friction</u>.] <def>To
rub; to wear off, or wear into shreds, by rubbing; to fret, as cloth;
as, a deer is said to <i>fray</i> her head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fray</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
rub.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We can show the marks he made<BR>
When 'gainst the oak his antlers <i>frayed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wear out or into shreads, or to suffer
injury by rubbing, as when the threads of the warp or of the woof
wear off so that the cross threads are loose; to ravel; as, the cloth
<i>frays</i> badly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A suit of <i>frayed</i> magnificience.</blockquote>
<i>tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fret or chafe, as in
cloth; a place injured by rubbing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fray"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The skin which a deer frays from his horns.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Freak</hw> (fr&emacr;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Freaked</u> (fr&emacr;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Freaking</u>.] [Akin to OE. <i>frakin</i>,
<i>freken</i>, freckle, Icel. <i>freknur</i>, pl., Sw.
<i>fr&auml;kne</i>, Dan. <i>fregne</i>, Gr. <grk>perkno`s</grk> dark-
colored, Skr. <i>p&rsdot;&ccedil;ni</i> variegated.  Cf.
<u>Freckle</u>, <u>Freck</u>.] <def>To variegate; to checker; to
streak.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Freaked</i> with many a mingled hue.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Freak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from OE. <i>frek</i>
bold, AS. <i>frec</i> bold, greedly; akin to OHG. <i>freh</i>
greedly, G. <i>frech</i> insolent, Icel. <i>frekr</i> greedy, Goth.
<i>fa&iacute;hufriks</i> avaricious.] <def>A sudden causeless change
or turn of the mind; a whim of fancy; a capricious prank; a vagary or
caprice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is restless and peevish, and sometimes in a
<i>freak</i> will instantly change her habitation.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Whim; caprice; folly; sport. See <u>Whim</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Freak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Freakish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Freak"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to change the
mind suddenly; whimsical; capricious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It may be a question whether the wife or the woman was
the more <i>freakish</i> of the two.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Freakish</i> when well, and fretful when she's
sick.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Freak"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Freak"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Freck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Freak</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Freckle</u>.] <def>To checker; to
diversify.</def> [R. &amp; Poet.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The painted windows, <i>frecking</i> gloom with
glow.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Freck"le</hw> (fr&ebreve;k"k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim.,
from the same root as <i>freak</i>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small yellowish or brownish spot in the
skin, particularly on the face, neck, or hands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any small spot or discoloration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frec"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Freckled</u> (-k'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Freckling</u> (-kl&ibreve;ng).] <def>To sprinkle or
mark with freckles or small discolored spots; to spot.</def></p>

<p><! p. 594 !></p>

<p><hw>Frec"kle</hw> (fr&ebreve;k"k'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To become covered or marked with freckles; to be
spotted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frec"kled</hw> (fr&ebreve;k"k'ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Marked with freckles; spotted.</def> "The <i>freckled</i>
trout."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>freckled</i> cowslip, burnet, and green
clover.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frec"kled*ness</hw> (-k'ld*n&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being freckled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frec"kly</hw> (-kl&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
or marked with freckles; sprinkled with spots; freckled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fred</hw> (fr&ebreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fri&eth;</i> peace. See <u>Frith</u> inclosure.] <def>Peace; -- a
word used in composition, especially in proper names; as,
Al<i>fred</i>; <i>Fred</i>eric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fred"stole`</hw> (-st&omacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<def>See <u>Fridstol</u>.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Free</hw> (fr&emacr;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Freer</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Freest</u> (-&ebreve;st).] [OE.
<i>fre</i>, <i>freo</i>, AS. <i>fre&oacute;</i>, <i>fr&imacr;</i>;
akin to D. <i>vrij</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>fr&imacr;</i>, G. <i>frei</i>,
Icel. <i>fr&imacr;</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>fri</i>, Goth. <i>freis</i>,
and also to Skr. <i>prija</i> beloved, dear, fr. <i>pr&imacr;</i> to
love, Goth. <i>frij&omacr;n</i>.  Cf. <u>Affray</u>, <u>Belfry</u>,
<u>Friday</u>, <u>Friend</u>, <u>Frith</u> inclosure.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exempt from subjection to the will of others;
not under restraint, control, or compulsion; able to follow one's own
impulses, desires, or inclinations; determining one's own course of
action; not dependent; at liberty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which has the power, or not the power, to
operate, is that alone which is or is not <i>free</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not under an arbitrary or despotic
government; subject only to fixed laws regularly and fairly
administered, and defended by them from encroachments upon natural or
acquired rights; enjoying political liberty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liberated, by arriving at a certain age,
from the control of parents, guardian, or master.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not confined or imprisoned; released from
arrest; liberated; at liberty to go.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Set an unhappy prisoner <i>free</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not subjected to the laws of physical
necessity; capable of voluntary activity; endowed with moral liberty;
-- said of the will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>free</i>, what proof could they have given
sincere<BR>
Of true allegiance, constant faith, or love.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Clear of offense or crime; guiltless;
innocent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My hands are guilty, but my heart is
<i>free</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Unconstrained by timidity or distrust;
unreserved; ingenuous; frank; familiar; communicative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>free</i> only with a few.</blockquote>
<i>Milward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Unrestrained; immoderate; lavish;
licentious; -- used in a bad sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The critics have been very <i>free</i> in their
censures.</blockquote> <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man may live a <i>free</i> life as to wine or
women.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Not close or parsimonious; liberal; open-
handed; lavish; as, <i>free</i> with his money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Exempt; clear; released; liberated; not
encumbered or troubled with; as, <i>free</i> from pain; <i>free</i>
from a burden; -- followed by <i>from</i>, or, rarely, by
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Princes declaring themselves <i>free</i> from the
obligations of their treaties.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of one acting without
restraint; charming; easy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Ready; eager; acting without spurring or
whipping; spirited; as, a <i>free</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Invested with a particular freedom or
franchise; enjoying certain immunities or privileges; admitted to
special rights; -- followed by <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He therefore makes all birds, of every sect,<BR>
<i>Free</i> of his farm.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Thrown open, or made accessible, to all;
to be enjoyed without limitations; unrestricted; not obstructed,
engrossed, or appropriated; open; -- said of a thing to be possessed
or enjoyed; as, a <i>free</i> school.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why, sir, I pray, are not the streets as
<i>free</i><BR>
For me as for you?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>Not gained by importunity or purchase;
gratuitous; spontaneous; as, <i>free</i> admission; a <i>free</i>
gift.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>Not arbitrary or despotic; assuring
liberty; defending individual rights against encroachment by any
person or class; instituted by a free people; -- said of a
government, institutions, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>Certain or
honorable; the opposite of <i>base</i>; as, <i>free</i> service;
<i>free</i> socage.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Privileged or individual;
the opposite of <i>common</i>; as, a <i>free</i> fishery; a
<i>free</i> warren.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <def>Not united or combined with anything
else; separated; dissevered; unattached; at liberty to escape; as,
<i>free</i> carbonic acid gas; <i>free</i> cells.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Free agency</b></col>, <cd>the capacity or power of
choosing or acting freely, or without necessity or constraint upon
the will.</cd> -- <col><b>Free bench</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>,
<cd>a widow's right in the copyhold lands of her husband,
corresponding to <i>dower</i> in freeholds.</cd> -- <col><b>Free
board</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a vessel's side between water
line and gunwale.</cd> -- <col><b>Free bond</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>an unsaturated or unemployed unit, or bond, of affinity or
valence, of an atom or radical.</cd> -- <col><b>Free-borough
men</b></col> <i>(O.Eng. Law)</i>. <cd>See <u>Friborg</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Free chapel</b></col> <i>(Eccles.)</i>, <cd>a chapel not
subject to the jurisdiction of the ordinary, having been founded by
the king or by a subject specially authorized.</cd> [Eng.]
<i>Bouvier.</i> -- <col><b>Free charge</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>,
<cd>a charge of electricity in the free or statical condition; free
electricity.</cd> -- <col><b>Free church</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A church whose sittings are for all and
without charge.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An ecclesiastical body
that left the Church of Scotland, in 1843, to be free from control by
the government in spiritual matters.</cd> -- <col><b>Free
city</b></col>, or <col><b>Free town</b></col>, <cd>a city or town
independent in its government and franchises, as formerly those of
the Hanseatic league.</cd> -- <col><b>Free cost</b></col>,
<cd>freedom from charges or expenses.</cd> <i>South.</i> --
<col><b>Free and easy</b></col>, <cd>unconventional; unrestrained;
regardless of formalities.</cd> [Colloq.] "Sal and her <i>free and
easy</i> ways." <i>W. Black.</i> -- <col><b>Free goods</b></col>,
<cd>goods admitted into a country free of duty.</cd> -- <col><b>Free
labor</b></col>, <cd>the labor of freemen, as distinguished from that
of slaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Free port</b></col>. <i>(Com.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A port where goods may be received and
shipped free of custom duty.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A port
where goods of all kinds are received from ships of all nations at
equal rates of duty.</cd> -- <col><b>Free public house</b></col>,
<cd>in England, a tavern not belonging to a brewer, so that the
landlord is free to brew his own beer or purchase where he
chooses.</cd> <i>Simmonds.</i> -- <col><b>Free school</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A school to which pupils are admitted without
discrimination and on an equal footing.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A school supported by general taxation, by endowmants, etc.,
where pupils pay nothing for tuition; a public school.</cd> --
<col><b>Free services</b></col> <i>(O.Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>such feudal
services as were not unbecoming the character of a soldier or a
freemen to perform; as, to serve under his lord in war, to pay a sum
of money, etc.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Free ships</b></col>,
<cd>ships of neutral nations, which in time of war are free from
capture even though carrying enemy's goods.</cd> -- <col><b>Free
socage</b></col> <i>(O.Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a feudal tenure held by
certain services which, though honorable, were not military.</cd>
<i>Abbott.</i> -- <col><b>Free States</b></col>, <cd>those of the
United States before the Civil War, in which slavery had ceased to
exist, or had never existed.</cd> -- <col><b>Free stuff</b></col>
<i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>timber free from knots; clear stuff.</cd> --
<col><b>Free thought</b></col>, <cd>that which is thought
independently of the authority of others.</cd> -- <col><b>Free
trade</b></col>, <cd>commerce unrestricted by duties or tariff
regulations.</cd> -- <col><b>Free trader</b></col>, <cd>one who
believes in free trade.</cd> -- <col><b>To make free with</b></col>,
<cd>to take liberties with; to help one's self to.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To sail free</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to sail with the
yards not braced in as sharp as when sailing closehauled, or close to
the wind.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Free</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Freely; willingly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I as <i>free</i> forgive you<BR>
As I would be forgiven.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without charge; as, children admitted
<i>free</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Freed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Freeing</u>.] [OE. <i>freen</i>, <i>freoien</i>, AS.
<i>fre&oacute;gan</i>. See <u>Free</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make free; to set at liberty; to rid of
that which confines, limits, embarrasses, oppresses, etc.; to
release; to disengage; to clear; -- followed by <i>from</i>, and
sometimes by <i>off</i>; as, to <i>free</i> a captive or a slave; to
be <i>freed</i> of these inconveniences.</def>  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our land is from the rage of tigers
<i>freed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Arise, . . . <i>free</i> thy people from their
yoke.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove, as something that confines or
bars; to relieve from the constraint of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This master key<BR>
<i>Frees</i> every lock, and leads us to his person.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To frank.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Free"boot`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>vrijbuiter</i>, fr. <i>vrijbuiten</i> to plunder; <i>vrij</i> free
+ <i>buit</i> booty, akin to E. <i>booty</i>. See <u>Free</u>, and
<u>Booty</u>, and cf. <u>Filibuster</u>.] <def>One who plunders or
pillages without the authority of national warfare; a member of a
predatory band; a pillager; a buccaneer; a sea robber.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Free"boot`er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act,
practice, or gains of a freebooter; freebooting.</def>
<i>Booth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Free"boot`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Robbery;
plunder; a pillaging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"boot`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting the
freebooter; practicing freebootery; robbing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>freebooting</i> acquaintance.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Free"boot`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Freebootery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Free"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born free; not
born in vassalage; inheriting freedom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"-den`i*zen</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
free.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Freed"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Freedmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who has been a slave,
and has been set free.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"dom</hw> (fr&emacr;"d&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>fre&oacute;d&omacr;m</i>; <i>fre&oacute;</i>free + <i>-
dom</i>. See <u>Free</u>, and <u>-dom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being free; exemption from the power and control of
another; liberty; independence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Made captive, yet deserving <i>freedom</i>
more.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Privileges; franchises;
immunities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your charter and your caty's
<i>freedom</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exemption from necessity, in choise and
action; as, the <i>freedom</i> of the will.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Ease; facility; as, he speaks or acts with
<i>freedom</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Frankness; openness;
unreservedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I emboldened spake and <i>freedom</i>
used.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Improper familiarity; violation of the
rules of decorum; license.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Generosity; liberality.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Freedom fine</b></col>, <cd>a sum paid on entry to
incorporations of trades.</cd> -- <col><b>Freedom of the
city</b></col>, <cd>the possession of the rights and privileges of a
freeman of the city; formerly often, and now occasionally, conferred
on one not a resident, as a mark of honorary distinction for public
services.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Liberty</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Freed"stool`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Fridstol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"-hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Done by the
hand, without support, or the guidance of instruments; as, <i>free-
hand</i> drawing. See under <u>Drawing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"-hand`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Open-handed;
liberal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Open;
frank; unreserved; liberal; generous; as, <i>free-hearted</i>
mirth.</def> -- <wf>Free"-heart`ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Free"-heart`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Free"hold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(LAw)</i> <def>An
estate in real property, of inheritance (in fee simple or fee tail)
or for life; or the tenure by which such estate is held.</def>
<i>Kent. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To abate into a freehold</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Abate</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Free"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The possessor of a freehold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"-liv`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gratifies his appetites without stint; one given to indulgence in
eating and drinking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"-liv`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unrestrained
indulgence of the appetites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"-love`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine
or practice of consorting with the opposite sex, at pleasure, without
marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"-lov`er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who believes
in or practices free-love.</def></p>

<p><hw>Freel"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Frailty.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Free"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fre&oacute;lice</i>.] <def>In a free manner; without restraint or
compulsion; abundantly; gratuitously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of every tree of the garden thou mayst <i>freely</i>
eat.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Freely</i> ye have received, <i>freely</i>
give.</blockquote> <i>Matt. x. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Freely</i> they stood who stood, and fell who
fell.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Freely</i> we serve<BR>
Because we <i>freely</i> love.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Independently; voluntarily; spontaneously;
unconditionally; unobstructedly; willingly; readily; liberally;
generously; bounteously; munificently; bountifully; abundantly;
largely; copiously; plentifully; plenteously.</p>

<p><hw>Free"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Freemen</b></plw> (#). [AS. <i>fre&oacute;man</i>;
<i>fre&oacute;</i>free + <i>mann</i> man.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who enjoys liberty, or who is not subject to the will of
another; one not a slave or vassal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of a corporation, company, or
city, possessing certain privileges; a member of a borough, town, or
State, who has the right to vote at elections. See
<u>Liveryman</u>.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Both having been made <i>freemen</i> on the same
day.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Free"-mar`tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An imperfect female calf, twinborn with a
male.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"ma`son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of an
ancient and secret association or fraternity, said to have been at
first composed of masons or builders in stone, but now consisting of
persons who are united for social enjoyment and mutual
assistance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free`ma*son"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or resembling, the institutions or the practices of freemasons;
as, a <i>freemasonic</i> signal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"ma`son*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
institutions or the practices of freemasons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"-mill`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Yielding
free gold or silver; -- said of certain ores which can be reduced by
crushing and amalgamation, without roasting or other chemical
treatment.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Free"-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
perplexed; having a mind free from care.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Free"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being free; freedom; liberty; openness; liberality;
gratuitousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fre"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who frees, or
sets free.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"-soil`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or advocating, the non-extension of slavery; -- esp. applied to a
party which was active during the period 1846-1856.</def> [U.S.] --
<wf>Free"soil`er</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [U.S.] -- <wf>Free"-
soil`ism</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Free"-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accustomed
to speak without reserve.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Free"-spo`ken-ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Free"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone
composed of sand or grit; -- so called because it is easily cut or
wrought.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"stone`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the flesh
readily separating from the stone, as in certain kinds of
peaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"-swim`ming</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Swimming in the open sea; -- said of certain
marine animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"think`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
speculates or forms opinions independently of the authority of
others; esp., in the sphere or religion, one who forms opinions
independently of the authority of revelation or of the church; an
unbeliever; -- a term assumed by deists and skeptics in the
eighteenth century.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Atheist is an old-fashioned word: I'm a
<i>freethinker</i>, child.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Infidel; skeptic; unbeliever. See
<u>Infidel</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Free"think`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Undue boldness
of speculation; unbelief.</def> <i>Berkeley.</i>
-- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exhibiting undue boldness of
speculation; skeptical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speaking
without reserve.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Free will</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A will free from
improper coercion or restraint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To come thus was I not constrained, but did<BR>
On my <i>free will</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power asserted of moral beings of
willing or choosing without the restraints of physical or absolute
necessity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"will`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to free will; voluntary; spontaneous; as, a
<i>freewill</i> offering.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Freewill Baptists</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Baptist</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Freez"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being frozen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Freeze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
frieze.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Freeze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Froze</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Frozen</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Freezing</u>.] [OE.
<i>fresen</i>, <i>freosen</i>, AS. <i>fre&oacute;san</i>; akin to D.
<i>vriezen</i>, OHG. <i>iosan</i>, G. <i>frieren</i>, Icel.
<i>frjsa</i>, Sw. <i>frysa</i>, Dan. <i>fryse</i>, Goth. <i>frius</i>
cold, frost, and prob. to L. <i>prurire</i> to itch, E.
<i>prurient</i>, cf. L. <i>prna</i> a burning coal, <i>pruina</i>
hoarfrost, Skr. <i>prushv&amacr;</i> ice, <i>prush</i> to spirt. &?;
18.  Cf. <u>Frost</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become congealed
by cold; to be changed from a liquid to a solid state by the
abstraction of heat; to be hardened into ice or a like solid
body.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Water <i>freezes</i> at 32&deg; above zero by Fahrenheit's
thermometer; mercury <i>freezes</i> at 40&deg; below zero.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become chilled with cold, or as with
cold; to suffer loss of animation or life by lack of heat; as, the
blood <i>freezes</i> in the veins.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To freeze up</b></col> (Fig.), <cd>to become formal and
cold in demeanor.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Freeze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To congeal; to harden into ice; to convert from a fluid to a
solid form by cold, or abstraction of heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause loss of animation or life in,
from lack of heat; to give the sensation of cold to; to
chill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A faint, cold fear runs through my veins,<BR>
That almost <i>freezes</i> up the heat of life.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Freeze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of congealing,
or the state of being congealed.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Freez"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, cools or freezes, as a refrigerator, or the tub and can used
in the process of freezing ice cream.</def></p>

<p><hw>Freez"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to freeze;
for freezing; hence, cold or distant in manner.</def> --
<wf>Frrez"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Freezing machine</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Ice machine</i>,
under <u>Ice</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Freezing mixture</b></col>, <cd>a
mixture (of salt and snow or of chemical salts) for producing intense
cold.</cd> -- <col><b>Freezing point</b></col>, <cd>that degree of a
thermometer at which a fluid begins to freeze; -- applied
particularly to water, whose <i>freezing point</i> is at 32&deg;
Fahr., and at 0&deg; Centigrade.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Frei"es*le`ben*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after
the German chemist <i>Freiesleben</i>.] <def>A sulphide of antimony,
lead, and silver, occuring in monoclinic crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Freight</hw> (fr&amacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fret</i>, OHG. <i>fr&emacr;ht</i> merit, reward. See
<u>Fraught</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
with which anything is fraught or laden for transportation; lading;
cargo, especially of a ship, or a car on a railroad, etc.; as, a
<i>freight</i> of cotton; a full <i>freight</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 595 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The sum
paid by a party hiring a ship or part of a ship for the use of what
is thus hired.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The price paid a common
carrier for the carriage of goods.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Freight transportation, or freight
line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Freight</hw> (fr&amacr;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Employed
in the transportation of freight; having to do with freight; as, a
<i>freight</i> car.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Freight agent</b></col>, <cd>a person employed by a
transportation company to receive, forward, or deliver goods.</cd> --
<col><b>Freight car</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Car</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Freight train</b></col>, <cd>a railroad train made up of
freight cars; -- called in England <i>goods train</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Freight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Freighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Freighting</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>freter</i>.] <def>To load with goods,
as a ship, or vehicle of any kind, for transporting them from one
place to another; to furnish with freight; as, to <i>freight</i> a
ship; to <i>freight</i> a car.</def></p>

<p><hw>Freight"age</hw> (-&asl;j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Charge for transportation; expense of
carriage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The transportation of freight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Freight; cargo; lading. Milton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Freight"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who loads a ship, or one who charters and loads a
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One employed in receiving and forwarding
freight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One for whom freight is
transported.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A vessel used mainly to carry
freight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Freight"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
freight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frel"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Frailty.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fremd</hw> (?), <hw>Frem"ed</hw> (?) } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[OE., from AS. <i>fremede</i>, <i>fremde</i>; akin to G.
<i>fremd</i>.] <def>Strange; foreign.</def> [Old Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fren</hw> (fr&ebreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>frenne</i>, contr. fr. <i>forrene</i> foreign. See <u>Foreign</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A stranger.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>French</hw> (fr&ebreve;nch), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>frencisc</i>, LL. <i>franciscus</i>, from L. <i>Francus</i> a
Frank: cf. OF. <i>franceis</i>, <i>franchois</i>,
<i>fran&ccedil;ois</i>, F. fran&ccedil;ais. See <u>Frank</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Frankish</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to France or its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p> <col><b>French bean</b></col> (<i>Bot</i>.), <cd>the common
kidney bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>French
berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the berry of a species of
buckthorn (<i>Rhamnus catharticus</i>), which affords a saffron,
green or purple pigment.</cd> -- <col><b>French casement</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See <i>French window</i>, under
<u>Window</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>French chalk</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>a variety of granular talc; -- used for drawing lines on cloth,
etc. See under <u>Chalk</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>French cowslip</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>The <i>Primula Auricula</i>. See <u>Bear's-
ear</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>French fake</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
mode of coiling a rope by running it backward and forward in parallel
bends, so that it may run freely.</cd> -- <col><b>French
honeysuckle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Hedysarum</i> (<i>H. coronarium</i>); -- called also <i>garland
honeysuckle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>French horn</b></col>, <cd>a
metallic wind instrument, consisting of a long tube twisted into
circular folds and gradually expanding from the mouthpiece to the end
at which the sound issues; -- called in France <i>cor de
chasse</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>French leave</b></col>, <cd>an informal,
hasty, or secret departure; esp., the leaving a place without paying
one's debts.</cd> -- <col><b>French pie</b></col> [<i>French</i>
(here used in sense of "foreign") + <i>pie</i> a magpie (in allusion
to its black and white color)] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European
great spotted woodpecker (<i>Dryobstes major</i>); -- called also
<i>wood pie</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>French polish</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A preparation for the surface of woodwork,
consisting of gums dissolved in alcohol, either shellac alone, or
shellac with other gums added.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
glossy surface produced by the application of the above.</cd> --
<col><b>French purple</b></col>, <cd>a dyestuff obtained from lichens
and used for coloring woolen and silken fabrics, without the aid of
mordants.</cd> <i>Ure.</i> -- <col><b>French red</b></col>
<cd>rouge.</cd> -- <col><b>French rice</b></col>, <cd>amelcorn.</cd>
-- <col><b>French roof</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a modified form
of mansard roof having a nearly flat deck for the upper slope.</cd> -
- <col><b>French tub</b></col>, <cd>a dyer's mixture of protochloride
of tin and logwood; -- called also <i>plum tub</i>.</cd> <i>Ure.</i>
-- <col><b>French window</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Window</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>French</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
language spoken in France.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Collectively, the people of
France.</def></p>

<p><hw>French"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Frenchified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Frenchifying</u>.] [<i>French</i> + <i>-fy</i>.]
<def>To make French; to infect or imbue with the manners or tastes of
the French; to Gallicize.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>French"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A French mode
or characteristic; an idiom peculiar to the French language.</def>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>French"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Frenchmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A native or one of the people
of France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fre*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Frantic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Distracted; mad; frantic; phrenetic.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fre*net"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Frenetic;
frantic; frenzied.</def> -- <wf>Frenet"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fre"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Frenums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Frena</b></plw> (#). [L., a
bridle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cheek stripe
of color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Fr&aelig;num</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fren"zi*cal</hw> (fr&ebreve;n"z&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Frantic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Orrery.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fren"zied</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Affected
with frenzy; frantic; maddened.</def> -- <wf>Fren"zied*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The people <i>frenzied</i> by centuries of
oppression.</blockquote> <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Up starting with a <i>frenzied</i> look.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fren"zy</hw> (-z&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Frenzies</b></plw> (-z&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>frenesie</i>,
<i>fransey</i>, F. <i>fr&eacute;n&eacute;sie</i>, L.
<i>phrenesis</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>fre`nhsis</grk>  for
<grk>freni^tis</grk> disease of the mind, phrenitis, fr.
<grk>frhn</grk> mind.  Cf. <u>Frantic</u>, <u>Phrenitis</u>.]
<def>Any violent agitation of the mind approaching to distraction;
violent and temporary derangement of the mental faculties; madness;
rage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All else is towering <i>frenzy</i> and
distraction.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The poet's eye in a fine <i>frenzy</i>
rolling.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insanity; lunacy; madness; derangement; alienation;
aberration; delirium. See <u>Insanity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fren"zy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mad; frantic.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They thought that some <i>frenzy</i> distemper had got
into his head.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fren"zy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To affect with
frenzy; to drive to madness</def> [R.] "<i>Frenzying</i> anguish."
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fre"quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Frequency</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crowd; a throng; a
concourse.</def> [Archaic.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Frequency; abundance.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fre"quen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Frequencies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>frequentia</i> numerous
attendance, multitude: cf. F. <i>fr&eacute;quence</i>. See
<u>Frequent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of returning
frequently; occurrence often repeated; common occurence; as, the
<i>frequency</i> of crimes; the <i>frequency</i> of
miracles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reasons that moved her to remove were, because
Rome was a place of riot and luxury, her soul being almost stifled
with, the <i>frequencies</i> of ladies' visits.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A crowd; a throng.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fre"quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>frequens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, crowded, frequent, akin to <i>farcire</i> to stuff:
cf. F. <i>fr&eacute;quent</i>.  Cf. <u>Farce</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Often to be met with;
happening at short intervals; often repeated or occurring; as,
<i>frequent</i> visits.</def> "<i>Frequent</i> feudal towers."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Addicted to any course of conduct;
inclined to indulge in any practice; habitual; persistent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has been loud and <i>frequent</i> in declaring
himself hearty for the government.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Full; crowded; thronged.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>'T is C&aelig;sar's will to have a <i>frequent</i>
senate.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Often or commonly reported.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>'T is <i>frequent</i> in the city he hath subdued<BR>
The Catti and the Daci.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fre*quent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Frequented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frequenting</u>.] [L. <i>frequentare</i>: cf. F.
<i>fr&eacute;quenter</i>. See <u>Frequent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To visit often; to resort to often or
habitually.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>frequented</i> the court of
Augustus.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make full; to fill.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With their sighs the air<BR>
<i>Frequenting</i>, sent from hearts contrite.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fre*quent"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Accessible.</def> [R.]  <i>Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fre*quent"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice
or habit of frequenting.</def> [R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fre"quen*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frequentatio</i> a crowding together, <i>frequency</i>: cf. F.
<i>fr&eacute;quentation</i>.] <def>The act or habit of frequenting or
visiting often; resort.</def>  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fre*quent"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frequentativus</i>: cf. F. <i>fr&eacute;quentatif</i>.]
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Serving to express the frequent repetition of an
action; as, a <i>frequentative</i> verb.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A frequentative verb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fre*quent*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
frequents; one who often visits, or resorts to customarily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fre*quent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At frequent
or short intervals; many times; often; repeatedly;
commonly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fre"quent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being frequent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fr&egrave;re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Friar</u>.] <def>A friar.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fres"cade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fresco</u>,
<u>Fresh</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A cool walk; shady
place.</def> [R.]  <i>Maunder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fres"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Frescoes</b></plw> or <plw><b>Frescos</b></plw> (#). [It.,
fr. <i>fresco</i> fresh; of German origin. See <u>Fresh</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cool, refreshing state of the air;
duskiness; coolness; shade.</def> [R.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
art of painting on freshly spread plaster, before it dries.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In modern parlance, incorrectly applied to
painting on plaster in any manner.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
painting on plaster in either of senses <sd><i>a</i></sd> and
<sd><i>b</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fres"co</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frescoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frescoing</u>.] <def>To paint in fresco, as walls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fresh</hw> (fr&ebreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Fresher</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl</i></pos>. <u>Freshest</u>.] [OE. <i>fresch</i>, AS.
<i>fersc</i>; akin to D. <i>versch</i>, G. <i>frisch</i>, OHG.
<i>frisc</i>, Sw. <i>frisk</i>, Dan. <i>frisk</i>, <i>fersk</i>,
Icel. <i>fr&imacr;skr</i> frisky, brisk, <i>ferskr</i> fresh; cf. It.
<i>fresco</i>, OF. <i>fres</i>, <i>freis</i>, fem. <i>freske</i>,
<i>fresche</i>, F. <i>frais</i>, fem. <i>fra&icirc;che</i>, which are
of German origin.  Cf. <u>Fraischeur</u>, <u>Fresco</u>,
<u>Frisk</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessed of original life and
vigor; new and strong; unimpaired; sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>New; original; additional.</def> "Fear of
<i>fresh</i> mistakes."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>fresh</i> pleasure in every fresh posture of the
limbs.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lately produced, gathered, or prepared for
market; not stale; not dried or preserved; not wilted, faded, or
tainted; in good condition; as, <i>fresh</i> vegetables, flowers,
eggs, meat, fruit, etc.; recently made or obtained; occurring again;
repeated; as, a <i>fresh</i> supply of goods; <i>fresh</i> tea,
raisins, etc.; lately come or made public; as, <i>fresh</i> news;
recently taken from a well or spring; as, <i>fresh</i>
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Youthful; florid; as, these <i>fresh</i>
nymphs.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In a raw, green, or untried state;
uncultivated; uncultured; unpracticed; as, a <i>fresh</i> hand on a
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Renewed in vigor, alacrity, or readiness
for action; as, <i>fresh</i> for a combat; hence, tending to renew in
vigor; rather strong; cool or brisk; as, a <i>fresh</i>
wind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Not salt; as, <i>fresh</i> water, in
distinction from that which is from the sea, or brackish;
<i>fresh</i> meat, in distinction from that which is pickled or
salted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fresh breeze</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a breeze
between a moderate and a strong breeze; one blowinq about twenty
miles an hour.</cd> -- <col><b>Fresh gale</b></col>, <cd>a gale
blowing about forty-five miles an hour.</cd> -- <col><b>Fresh
way</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>increased speed.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sound; unimpaired; recent; unfaded: ruddy; florid;
sweet; good: inexperienced; unpracticed: unused; lively; vigorous;
strong.</p>

<p><hw>Fresh</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Freshes</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stream or
spring of fresh water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall drink naught but brine; for I'll not show
him<BR>
Where the quick <i>freshes</i> are.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flood; a freshet.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The mingling of fresh water with salt in
rivers or bays, as by means of a flood of fresh water flowing toward
or into the sea.</def>  <i>Beverly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fresh</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To refresh; to
freshen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fresh"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Freshened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Freshening</u> (?)] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make fresh; to
separate, as water, from saline ingredients; to make less salt; as,
to <i>freshen</i> water, fish, or flesh.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refresh; to revive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To relieve, as a rope, by
change of place where friction wears it; or to renew, as the material
used to prevent chafing; as, to <i>freshen</i> a hawse.</def>  <i>
Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To freshen ballast</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to shift
Or restore it.</cd> -- <col><b>To freshen the hawse</b></col>, <cd>to
pay out a little more cable, so as to bring the chafe on another
part.</cd> -- <col><b>To freshen the way</b></col>, <cd>to increase
the speed of a vessel.</cd>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fresh"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To grow fresh; to lose saltness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grow brisk or strong; as, the wind
<i>freshens</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fresh"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fresche</i>
flood + <i>-et</i>. See <u>Fresh</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stream of fresh water.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flood or overflowing of a stream caused
by heavy rains or melted snow; a sudden inundation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cracked the sky, as ice in rivers<BR>
When the <i>freshet</i> is at highest.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fresh"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fresh manner;
vigorously; newly, recently; brightly; briskly; coolly; as,
<i>freshly</i> gathered; <i>freshly</i> painted; the wind blows
<i>freshly</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Looks he as <i>freshly</i> as he did?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fresh"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Freshmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A novice; one in the rudiments
of knowledge; especially, a student during his first year in a
college or university.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He drank his glass and cracked his joke,<BR>
And <i>freshmen</i> wondered as he spoke.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Freshman class</b></col>, <cd>the lowest of the four
classes in an American college.</cd> [ U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Fresh"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a freshman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fresh"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Refreshment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fresh"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
fresh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Scots had the advantage both for number and
<i>freshness</i><BR>
of men.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And breathe the <i>freshness</i> of the open
air.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her cheeks their <i>freshness</i> lose and wonted
grace.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fresh"-new`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unpracticed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fresh"-wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or living in, water not
salt; as, <i>fresh-water</i> geological deposits; a <i>fresh-
water</i> fish; <i>fresh-water</i> mussels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accustomed to sail on fresh water only;
unskilled as a seaman; as, a <i>fresh-water</i> sailor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unskilled; raw.</def> [Colloq.] "<i>Fresh-
water</i> soldiers."  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fres`nel" lamp"</hw> (?), <hw>Fres'nel' lan'tern</hw> (?).}
[From <i>Fresnel</i> the inventor, a French physicist.] <def>A
lantern having a lamp surrounded by a hollow cylindrical Fresnel
lens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fres`nel" lens"</hw> (?). [See <u>Fresnel lamp</u>.]
<i>(Optics)</i> <def>See under <u>Lens</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fret</hw> (fr&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
1st <u>Frith</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fret</hw> (fr&ebreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fretted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fretting</u>.] [OE. <i>freten</i> to eat, consume; AS.
<i>fretan</i>, for <i>foretan</i>; pref. <i>for-</i> + <i>etan</i> to
eat; akin to D. <i>vreten</i>, OHG. <i>frezzan</i>, G.
<i>fressen</i>, Sw. <i>fr&auml;ta</i>, Goth. <i>fra-itan</i>. See
<u>For</u>, and <u>Eat</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To devour.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sow <i>frete</i> the child right in the
cradle.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rub; to wear away by friction; to
chafe; to gall; hence, to eat away; to gnaw; as, to <i>fret</i>
cloth; to fret a piece of gold or other metal; a worm <i>frets</i>
the plants of a ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With many a curve my banks I <i>fret</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To impair; to wear away; to
diminish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By starts<BR>
His <i>fretted</i> fortunes give him hope and fear.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make rough, agitate, or disturb; to
cause to ripple; as, to <i>fret</i> the surface of water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To tease; to irritate; to vex.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fret</i> not thyself because of evil
doers.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxvii. 1.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fret</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be worn away; to chafe; to fray; as, a wristband <i>frets</i> on the
edges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To eat in; to make way by
corrosion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many wheals arose, and <i>fretted</i> one into another
with great excoriation.</blockquote> <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be agitated; to be in violent
commotion; to rankle; as, rancor <i>frets</i> in the malignant
breast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be vexed; to be chafed or irritated; to
be angry; to utter peevish expressions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>frets</i>, he fumes, he stares, he stamps the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fret</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
agitation of the surface of a fluid by fermentation or other cause; a
rippling on the surface of water.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Agitation of mind marked by complaint and
impatience; disturbance of temper; irritation; as, he keeps his mind
in a continual <i>fret</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet then did Dennis rave in furious
<i>fret</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Herpes; tetter.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The worn sides
of river banks, where ores, or stones containing them, accumulate by
being washed down from the hills, and thus indicate to the miners the
locality of the veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fret</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fretten</i> to
adorn, AS. <i>fr&aelig;twan</i>, <i>fr&aelig;twian</i>; akin to OS.
<i>fratah&omacr;n</i>, cf. Goth. <i>us-fratwjan</i> to make wise,
also AS. <i>fr&aelig;twe</i> ornaments, OS. <i>fratah&imacr;</i>
adornment.] <def>To ornament with raised work; to variegate; to
diversify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Whose skirt with gold was <i>fretted</i> all
about.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yon gray lines,<BR>
That <i>fret</i> the clouds, are messengers of day.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fret</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ornamental work in relief, as carving or embossing. See
<u>Fretwork</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament consisting of
small fillets or slats intersecting each other or bent at right
angles, as in classical designs, or at oblique angles, as often in
Oriental art.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His lady's cabinet is a adorned on the <i>fret</i>,
ceiling, and chimney-piece with . . . carving.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><! p. 596 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The reticulated headdress or net, made of
gold or silver wire, in which ladies in the Middle Ages confined
their hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>fret</i> of gold she had next her
hair.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fret saw</b></col>, <cd>a saw with a long, narrow blade,
used in cutting frets, scrolls, etc.; a scroll saw; a keyhole saw; a
compass saw.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>frette</i> a
saltire, also a hoop, ferrule, prob. a dim. of L. <i>ferrum</i> iron.
For sense 2, cf. also E. <i>fret</i> to rub.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A saltire interlaced with a mascle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short piece of wire, or
other material fixed across the finger board of a guitar or a similar
instrument, to indicate where the finger is to be placed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fret</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with frets,
as an instrument of music.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fret"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Fret</u>.]
<def>Disposed to fret; ill-humored; peevish; angry; in a state of
vexation; as, a <i>fretful</i> temper.</def> -- <wf>Fret"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Fret"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Peevish; ill-humored; ill-natured; irritable;
waspish; captious; petulant; splenetic; spleeny; passionate; angry. -
- <u>Fretful</u>, <u>Peevish</u>, <u>Cross</u>. These words all
indicate an unamiable working and expression of temper.
<i>Peevish</i> marks more especially the inward spirit: a
<i>peevish</i> man is always ready to find fault. <i>Fretful</i>
points rather to the outward act, and marks a complaining impatience:
sickly children are apt to be <i>fretful</i>. <i>Crossness</i> is
peevishness mingled with vexation or anger.</p>

<p><hw>Frett</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Fret</u>.]
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>The worn side of the bank of a river. See 4th
<u>Fret</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frett</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Frit</u>.] <def>A
vitreous compound, used by potters in glazing, consisting of lime,
silica, borax, lead, and soda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fret"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> [From 2d
<u>Fret</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rubbed or worn away; chafed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Agitated; vexed; worried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fret"ted</hw>, <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> [See 5th
<u>Fret</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ornamented with fretwork;
furnished with frets; variegated; made rough on the
surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Interlaced one with another;
-- said of charges and ordinaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fret"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [The old p. p. of fret
to rub.] <def>Rubbed; marked; as, pock-<i>fretten</i>, marked with
the smallpox.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fret"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, frets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fret"ty</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 5th <u>Fret</u>.]
<def>Adorned with fretwork.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fre"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Freta</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A strait, or arm of the
sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fret"work</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [6th <i>fret +
work</i>.] <def>Work adorned with frets; ornamental openwork or work
in relief, esp. when elaborate and minute in its parts. Hence, any
minute play of light and shade, dark and light, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Banqueting on the turf in the <i>fretwork</i> of shade
and sunshine.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frey"a</hw> (fr&imacr;"&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>Freyja</i>.] <i>(Scand. Myth.)</i> <def>The daughter of
Nj&ouml;rd, and goddess of love and beauty; the Scandinavian Venus; -
- in Teutonic myths confounded with Frigga, but in Scandinavian,
distinct.</def> [Written also <i>Frea</i>, <i>Freyia</i>, and
<i>Freyja</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Fri"a*bii"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>friabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being friable;
friableness.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fri"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>friabilis</i>,
fr. <i>friare</i> to rub, break, or crumble into small pieces, cf.
<i>fricare</i> to rub, E. <i>fray</i>:  cf. F. <i>friable</i>.]
<def>Easily crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder.</def>
"<i>Friable</i> ground." <i>Evelyn.</i> "Soft and <i>friable</i>
texture." <i>Paley.</i> -- <wf>Fri'a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fri"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OR. <i>frere</i>, F.
<i>fr&egrave;re</i> brother, <i>friar</i>, fr. L. <i>frater</i>
brother. See <u>Brother</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>A brother or member of any religious order, but especially of
one of the four mendicant orders, viz: <i>(a) Minors, Gray Friars, or
Franciscans.</i> <i>(b) Augustines</i>. <i>(c) Dominicans or Black
Friars.</i> <i>(d) White Friars or Carmelites.</i> See these names in
the Vocabulary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A white or pale patch on a
printed page.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American fish; the
silversides.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Friar bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
Australian bird (<i>Tropidorhynchus corniculatus</i>), having the
head destitute of feathers; -- called also <i>coldong</i>,
<i>leatherhead</i>, <i>pimlico</i>; <i>poor soldier</i>, and <i>four-
o'clock</i>.</cd> The name is also applied to several other species
of the same genus. -- <col><b>Friar's balsam</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>a stimulating application for wounds and ulcers, being an
alcoholic solution of benzoin, styrax, tolu balsam, and aloes;
compound tincture of benzoin.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> --
<col><b>Friar's cap</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the monkshood.</cd>
-- <col><b>Friar's cowl</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an arumlike
plant  (<i>Arisarum vulgare</i>) with a spathe or involucral leaf
resembling a cowl.</cd> -- <col><b>Friar's lantern</b></col>, <cd>the
ignis fatuus or Will-o'-the-wisp.</cd> <i>Milton.</i> --
<col><b>Friar skate</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European
white or sharpnosed skate (<i>Raia alba</i>); -- called also
<i>Burton skate</i>, <i>border ray</i>, <i>scad</i>, and
<i>doctor</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fri"ar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a friar;
inexperienced.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fri"ar*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Friar</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Like a friar; pertaining to friars or to a
convent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fri"ar*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>frerie</i>,
<i>frairie</i>, fr. <i>fr&egrave;re</i>. See <u>Friar</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A monastery; a convent of friars.</def>
<i>Drugdale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The institution or practices of
friars.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Friable</u>.] <def>The act of breaking up or
pulverizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frib"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>frivole</i>, L. <i>frivolus</i>, or E. <i>frippery</i>.]
<def>Frivolous; trifling; silly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A frivolous,
contemptible fellow; a fop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A pert <i>fribble</i> of a peer.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To act in a trifling or foolish manner; to act
frivolously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fools that are <i>fribbling</i> round about
you.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To totter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Frib"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trifler; a
fribble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frib"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Frivolous;
trining; toolishly captious.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fri"borg</hw> , <hw>Fri"borgh</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fri&eth;borh</i>, lit., peace pledge;
<i>fri&eth;</i> peace + <i>borh</i>, <i>borg</i>, pledge, akin to E.
<i>borrow</i>. The first part of the word was confused with
<i>free</i>, the last part, with borough.] <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i>
<def>The pledge and tithing, afterwards called by the Normans
<i>frankpledge</i>. See <u>Frankpledge</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>friburgh</i> and <i>fribourg</i>.]  <i>Burril.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fric"ace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Fricassee</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Meat sliced and dressed
with strong sauce.</def> [Obs.]  <i>King.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unguent; also, the act of rubbing with
the unguent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fri`can`deau"</hw> (?), <hw>||Fric`an*do"</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fricandeau</i>; cf. Sp.
<i>fricand&oacute;</i>.] <def>A ragout or fricassee of veal; a fancy
dish of veal or of boned turkey, served as an <i>entr&eacute;e</i>, -
- called also <i>fricandel</i>.</def>  <i>A. J. Cooley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fric"as*see`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fricass&eacute;e</i>, fr. <i>fricasser</i> to <i>fry</i>,
<i>fricassee</i>; cf. LL. <i>fricare</i>, perh. for <i>frictare</i>,
<i>fricare</i>, <i>frictum</i>, to rub.  Cf. <u>Fry</u>,
<u>Friction</u>.] <def>A dish made of fowls, veal, or other meat of
small animals cut into pieces, and stewed in a gravy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fric"as*see`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fricasseed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &. vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fricasseeing</u>.] <def>To dress like a
fricassee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fri*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fricatio</i>, fr. <i>fricare</i>, <i>fricatum</i>, to rub. ]
<def>Friction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fric"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Frication</u>.] <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Produced by the friction or
rustling of the breath, intonated or unintonated, through a narrow
opening between two of the mouth organs; uttered through a close
approach, but not with a complete closure, of the organs of
articulation, and hence capable of being continued or prolonged; --
said of certain consonantal sounds, as <i>f</i>, <i>v</i>, <i>s</i>,
<i>z</i>, etc.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fricative
consonant letter or sound. See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>,
&sect;&sect; 197-206, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fric"a*trice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>frictrix</i>, fr. <i>fricare</i> to rub.] <def>A lewd woman; a
harlot.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fric"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bushel
basket.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fric"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>frictio</i>,
fr. <i>fricare</i>, <i>frictum</i>,to rub: cf. F. <i>friction</i>.
See <u>Fray</u> to rub, arid cf. <u>Dentifrice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rubbing the surface of one body
against that of another; attrition; in hygiene, the act of rubbing
the body with the hand, with flannel, or with a brush etc., to excite
the skin to healthy action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The resistance which a body
meets with from the surface on which it moves. It may be resistance
to sliding motion, or to rolling motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A clashing between two persons or parties
in opinions or work; a disagreement tending to prevent or retard
progress.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angle of friction</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the angle
which a plane onwhich a body is lying makes with a horizontal
plane,when the hody is just ready to slide dewn the plane.</cd> This
angle varies for different bodies, and for planes of different
materials. -- <col><b>Anti-friction wheels</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>wheels turning freely on small pivots, and sustaining, at the
angle formed by their circumferences, the pivot or journal of a
revolving shaft, to relieve it of friction; -- called also
<i>friction wheels</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Friction balls</b></col>, or
<col><b>Friction rollers</b></col>, <cd>balls or rollers placed so as
to receive the pressure or weight of bodies in motion, and relieve
friction, as in the hub of a bicycle wheel.</cd> -- <col><b>Friction
brake</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a form of dynamometer for
measuring the power a motor exerts. A clamp around the revolving
shaft or fly wheel of the motor resists the motion by its friction,
the work thus absorbed being ascertained by observing the force
required to keep the clamp from revolving with the shaft; a Prony
brake.</cd> -- <col><b>Friction chocks</b></col>, <cd>brakes attached
to the common standing garrison carriages of guns, so as to raise the
trucks or wheels off the platform when the gun begins to recoil, and
prevent its running back.</cd> <i>Earrow.</i> -- <col><b>Friction
clutch</b></col>, <col><b>Friction coupling</b></col>, <cd>an
engaging and disengaging gear for revolving shafts, pulleys, etc.,
acting by friction</cd>; esp.:  <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A device in
which a piece on one shaft or pulley is so forcibly pressed against a
piece on another shaft that the two will revolve together; as, in the
illustration, the cone <i>a</i> on one shaft, when thrust forcibly
into the corresponding hollow cone <i>b</i> on the other shaft,
compels the shafts to rotate together, by the hold the friction of
the conical surfaces gives.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A toothed
clutch, one member of which, instead of being made fast on its shaft,
is held by friction and can turn, by slipping, under excessive strain
or in starting.</cd> -- <col><b>Friction drop hammer</b></col>,
<cd>one in which the hammer is raised for striking by the friction of
revolving rollers which nip the hammer rod.</cd> -- <col><b>Friction
gear</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Frictional gearing</i>, under
<u>Frictional</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Friction machine</b></col>, <cd>an
electrical machine, generating electricity by friction.</cd> --
<col><b>Friction meter</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for measuring
friction, as in testing lubricants.</cd> -- <col><b>Friction
powder</b></col>, <col><b>Friction composition</b></col>, <cd>a
composition of chlorate of potassium, antimony, sulphide, etc, which
readily ignites by friction.</cd> -- <col><b>Friction
primer</b></col>, <col><b>Friction tube</b></col>, <cd>a tube used
for firing cannon by means of the friction of a roughened wire in the
friction powder or composition with which the tube is filled.</cd> --
<col><b>Friction wheel</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>one of the
wheels in frictional gearing. See under <u>Frictional</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fric"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
friction; moved by friction; produced by friction; as,
<i>frictional</i> electricity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Frictional gearing</b></col>, <cd>wheels which transmit
motion by surface friction instead of teeth. The faces are sometimes
made more or less V-shaped to increase or decrease friction, as
required.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fric"tion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
friction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fri"day</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>friged&aelig;g</i>, fr. <i>Frigu</i>, the gooddes of marriage;
<i>friqu</i> love + <i>d&aelig;g</i> day; cf. Icel. <i>Frigg</i> name
of a goddess, the wife of Odin or Wodan, OHG. <i>Fr&imacr;atag</i>,
Icel. <i>Frj&amacr;dagr</i>. AS. <i>frigu</i> is prob. from the root
of E. <i>friend</i>, <i>free</i>. See <u>Free</u>, and <u>Day</u>.]
<def>The sixth day of the week, following Thursday and preceding
Saturday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fridge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>frician</i>
to dance, from <i>free</i> bold.  Cf. <u>Freak</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To rub; to fray.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Frid"stol`</hw> (fr&ibreve;d"st&omacr;l`),
<hw>Frith`stool"</hw> (fr&ibreve;th"st&oomac;l`) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fri&eth;st&omacr;</i>l. See <u>Fred</u>,
and <u>Stool</u>.] <def>A seat in churches near the altar, to which
offenders formerly fled for sanctuary.</def> [Written variously
<i>fridstool</i>, <i>freedstool</i>, etc.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fried</hw> (fr&imacr;d), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Fry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Friend</hw> (fr&ebreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OR.
<i>frend</i>, <i>freond</i>, AS. <i>fre&oacute;nd</i>, prop. p. pr.
of <i>fre&oacute;n</i>, <i>fre&oacute;gan</i>, to love; akin to D.
<i>vriend</i> friend, OS. <i>friund</i> friend, <i>friohan</i> to
love, OHG. <i>friunt</i> friend, G. <i>freund</i>, Icel.
<i>fr&aelig;ndi</i> kinsman, Sw. <i>fr&auml;nde</i>. Goth.
<i>frij&omacr;nds</i> friend, <i>frij&omacr;n</i> to love. &radic;83.
See <u>Free</u>, and cf. <u>Fiend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who entertains for another such sentiments of esteem, respect, and
affection that he seeks his society and welfare; a wellwisher; an
intimate associate; sometimes, an attendant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Want gives to know the flatterer from the
<i>friend</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>friend</i> that sticketh closer than a
brother.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xviii. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One not inimical or hostile; one not a foe
or enemy; also, one of the same nation, party, kin, etc., whose
friendly feelings may be assumed. The word is some times used as a
term of friendly address.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Friend</i>, how camest thou in hither?</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xxii. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who looks propitiously on a cause, an
institution, a project, and the like; a favorer; a promoter; as, a
<i>friend</i> to commerce, to poetry, to an institution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of a religious sect characterized by
disuse of outward rites and an ordained ministry, by simplicity of
dress and speech, and esp. by opposition to war and a desire to live
at peace with all men. They are popularly called Quakers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>America was first visited by <i>Friends</i> in
1656.</blockquote> <i>T. Chase.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A paramour of either sex.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A friend</b></col> <col><b>at court or in court</b></col>,
<cd>one disposed to act as a friend in a place of special opportunity
or influence.</cd> -- <col><b>To be friends with</b></col>, <cd>to
have friendly relations with.</cd> "He's . . . <i>friends with</i>
C&aelig;sar." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To make friends with</b></col>,
<cd>to become reconciled to or on friendly terms with.</cd> "Having
now <i>made friends with</i> the Athenians." <i>Jowett
(Thucyd.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Friend</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Friended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Friending</u>.] <def>To act as the friend of; to favor; to
countenance; to befriend.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fortune <i>friends</i> the bold.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Friend"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having friends;</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to love; well-disposed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Friend"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Friendliness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Friend"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fre&oacute;ndle&aacute;s</i>.] <def>Destitute of friends;
forsaken.</def> -- <wf>Friend"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Friend"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
friendly manner.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Friend"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition
or quality of being friendly.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Friend"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fre&eacute;ndl&imacr;ce</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the
temper and disposition of a friend; disposed to promote the good of
another; kind; favorable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Appropriate to, or implying, friendship;
befitting friends; amicable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>friendly</i> relations with his moderate
opponents.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not hostile; as, a <i>friendly</i> power
or state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Promoting the good of any person;
favorable; propitious; serviceable; as, a <i>friendly</i> breeze or
gale.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the first <i>friendly</i> bank he throws him
down.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Amicable; kind; conciliatory; propitious;
favorable. See <u>Amicable</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Friend"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of
friends; amicably; like friends.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In whom all graces that can perfect beauty<BR>
Are <i>friendly</i> met.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Friend"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fre&oacute;ndscipe</i>. See <u>Friend</u>, and <u>-ship</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being friends; friendly
relation, or attachment, to a person, or between persons; affection
arising from mutual esteem and good will; friendliness; amity; good
will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is little <i>friendship</i> in the
world.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There can be no <i>friendship</i> without confidence,
and no confidence without integrity.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Preferred by <i>friendship</i>, and not chosen by
sufficiency.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Kindly aid; help; assistance,</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>friendship</i> will it [a hovel] lend you
gainst the tempest.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Aptness to unite; conformity; affinity;
harmony; correspondence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those colors . . . have a <i>friendship</i> with each
other.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fri"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
fries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Friese</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Friesic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Fries"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Friesland, a province in the northern part of the
Netherlands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fries"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of the
Frisians, a Teutonic people formerly occupying a large part of the
coast of Holland and Northwestern Germany. The modern dialects of
Friesic are spoken chiefly in the province of Friesland, and on some
of the islands near the coast of Germany and Denmark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fries"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Friesic.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Frieze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. the same word as
frieze a, kind of cloth.  Cf. <u>Friz</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of the entablature of an order
which is between the architrave and cornice. It is a flat member or
face, either uniform or broken by triglyphs, and often enriched with
figures and other ornaments of sculpture.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any sculptured or richly ornamented band in a building or, by
extension, in rich pieces of furniture. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Column</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cornice or <i>frieze</i> with bossy sculptures
graven.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frieze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>frise</i>, perh.
originally a woolen cloth or stuff from <i>Friesland</i> (F.
<i>Frise</i>); cf. LL. <i>frisii panni</i> and <i>frissatus
pannus</i>, a shaggy woolen cloth, F. <i>friser</i> to friz, curl.
Cf. <u>Friz</u>.] <def>A kind of coarse woolen cloth or stuff with a
shaggy or tufted (friezed) nap on one side.</def> "Robes of
<i>frieze</i>."  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frieze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a nap on
(cloth); to friz. See <u>Friz</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Friezing machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine for friezing
cloth; a friezing machine.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 597 !></p>

<p><hw>Friezed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gathered, or
having the map gathered, into little tufts, knots, or protuberances.
Cf. <u>Frieze</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and <u>Friz</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frie"zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, friezes or frizzes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frig"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fr&eacute;gate</i>, It. <i>fregata</i>, prob. contracted fr. L.
<i>fabricata</i> something constructed or built. See
<u>Fabricate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a vessel of
the Mediterranean propelled by sails and by oars. The French, about
1650, transferred the name to larger vessels, and by 1750 it had been
appropriated for a class of war vessels intermediate between
corvettes and ships of the line. Frigates, from about 1750 to 1850,
had one full battery deck and, often, a spar deck with a lighter
battery. They carried sometimes as many as fifty guns. After the
application of steam to navigation <i>steam frigates</i> of largely
increased size and power were built, and formed the main part of the
navies of the world till about 1870, when the introduction of
ironclads superseded them.</def> [Formerly spelled <i>frigat</i> and
<i>friggot</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any small vessel on the water.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Frigate bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a web-
footed rapacious bird, of the genus <i>Fregata</i>; -- called also
<i>man-of-war bird</i>, and <i>frigate pelican</i>. Two species are
known; that of the Southern United States and West Indies is <i>F.
aquila</i>. They are remarkable for their long wings and powerful
flight. Their food consists of fish which they obtain by robbing
gulls, terns, and other birds, of their prey. They are related to the
pelicans.</cd> -- <col><b>Frigate mackerel</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an oceanic fish (<i>Auxis Rochei</i>) of
little or no value as food, often very abundant off the coast of the
United States.</cd> -- <col><b>Frigate pelican</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Frigate bird</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Frig"ate-built"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Built like a frigate with a raised quarter-deck and
forecastle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frig"a*toon`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>fregatone</i>: cf. F. <i>fr&eacute;gaton</i>. See <u>Frigate</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A Venetian vessel, with a square stern, having
only a mainmast, jigger mast, and bowsprit; also a sloop of war ship-
rigged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frig"e*fac`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frigere</i> to be cold + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>The act of
making cold. [Obs.] </def></p>

<p><hw>Frig"e*fac`tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cooling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frig"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frigerare</i>, fr. <i>frigus</i> cold.] <def>To make cool.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Frigg</hw> (?), <hw>Frig"ga</hw> (?) } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Icel. <i>Frigg</i>. See <u>Friday</u>.] <i>(Scand. Myth.)</i>
<def>The wife of Odin and mother of the gods; the supreme goddess;
the Juno of the Valhalla.  Cf. <u>Freya</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fright</hw> (fr&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>frigt</i>, <i>freyht</i>, AS. <i>fyrhto</i>, <i>fyrhtu</i>; akin
to OS. <i>forhta</i>, OHG. <i>forhta</i>, <i>forahta</i>, G.
<i>furcht</i>, Dan. <i>frygt</i>, Sw. <i>fruktan</i>, Goth.
<i>fa&uacute;rhtei</i> fear, <i>fa&uacute;rhts</i> timid.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state of terror excited by the sudden
appearance of danger; sudden and violent fear, usually of short
duration; a sudden alarm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything strange, ugly or shocking,
producing a feeling of alarm or aversion.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Alarm; terror; consternation. See <u>Alarm</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fright</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Frighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos>. <u>Frighting</u>.] [OE. <i>frigten</i> to fear,
frighten, AS. <i>fyrhtan</i> to frighten, <i>forhtian</i> to fear;
akin to OS. <i>forhtian</i>, OHG. <i>furihten</i>, <i>forahtan</i>,
G. <i>f&uuml;rchten</i>, Sw. <i>frukta</i>, Dan. <i>frygte</i>, Goth.
<i>faurhtjan</i>. See <u>Fright</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Frighten</u>.] <def>To alarm suddenly; to shock by causing sudden
fear; to terrify; to scare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor exile or danger can <i>fright</i> a brave
spirit.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To affright; dismay; daunt; intimidate.</p>

<p><hw>Fright"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Frightened</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Frightening</u> (#).] [See <u>Fright</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>To disturb with fear; to throw into a state of
alarm or fright; to affright; to terrify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More <i>frightened</i> than hurt.</blockquote> <i>Old
Proverb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fright"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of fright; affrighted; frightened.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>See how the <i>frightful</i> herds run from the
wood.</blockquote> <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of that which causes fright; exciting
alarm; impressing terror; shocking; as, a <i>frightful</i> chasm, or
tempest; a <i>frightful</i> appearance.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Terrible; dreadful; alarming; fearful; terrific;
awful; horrid; horrible; shocking.  -- <u>Frightful</u>,
<u>Dreadful</u>, <u>Awful</u>. These words all express fear. In
<i>frightful</i>, it is a sudden emotion; in <i>dreadful</i>, it is
deeper and more prolonged; in <i>awful</i>, the fear is mingled with
the emotion of awe, which subdues us before the presence of some
invisible power. An accident may be <i>frightful</i>; the approach of
death is <i>dreadful</i> to most men; the convulsions of the
earthquake are <i>awful</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Fright"ful*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
frightful manner; to a frightful dagree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fright"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being frightful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fright"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from fright;
fearless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fright"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fear;
terror.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Frig"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>frigidus</i>,
fr. <i>frigere</i> to be cold; prob. akin to Gr. &?; to shudder, or
perh. to &?; cold.  Cf. <u>Frill</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cold;
wanting heat or warmth; of low temperature; as, a frigid
climate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting warmth, fervor, ardor, fire,
vivacity, etc.; unfeeling; forbidding in manner; dull and unanimated;
stiff and formal; as, a <i>frigid</i> constitution; a <i>frigid</i>
style; a <i>frigid</i> look or manner; <i>frigid</i> obedience or
service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wanting natural heat or vigor sufficient
to excite the generative power; impotent.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Frigid zone</b></col>, <cd>that part of the earth which
lies between either polar circle and its pole. It extends 23&?; 28&?;
from the pole. See the Note under <u>Arctic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Frig"i*da`ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Frigidaria</b></plw> (#). [L., neut. of <i>frigidarium</i>
cooling.] <def>The cooling room of the Roman therm&aelig;, furnished
with a cold bath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fri*gid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frigiditas</i>: cf. F. <i>frigidit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or quality of being frigid;
coldness; want of warmth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ice is water congealed by the <i>frigidity</i> of the
air.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of ardor, animation, vivacity, etc.;
coldness of affection or of manner; dullness; stiffness and
formality; as, <i>frigidity</i> of a reception, of a bow,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Want of heat or vigor; as, the
<i>frigidity</i> of old age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frig"id*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a frigid
manner; coldly; dully; without affection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frig"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being frigid; want of heat, vigor, or affection; coldness;
dullness.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Frig"o*rif"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Frig"o*rif`ic*al</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>frigorificus</i>; <i>frigus</i>,
<i>frigoris</i>, cold + <i>facere</i> to make: cf. F.
<i>frigorifique</i>.] <def>Causing cold; producing or generating
cold.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frilling</u>.] [OF. <i>friller</i>, fr. L. <i>frigidulus</i>
somewhat cold, dim. of <i>frigidus</i> cold; akin to F.
<i>frileux</i> chilly.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shake or shiver as
with cold; as, the hawk <i>frills</i>.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>To wrinkle; -- said of
the gelatin film.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To provide or
decorate with a frill or frills; to turn back. in crimped plaits; as,
to <i>frill</i> a cap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Frill</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>]. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A ruffing
of a bird's feathers from cold.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
ruffle, consisting of a fold of membrane, of hairs, or of feathers,
around the neck of an animal.</def> See <i>Frilled lizard</i>
(below). <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A similar ruffle around the legs or
other appendages of animals.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A ruffled
varex or fold on certain shells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A border or edging secured at one edge and
left free at the other, usually fluted or crimped like a very narrow
flounce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frilled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a
frill or frills.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Frilled lizard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
Australian lizard (<i>Chlamydosaurus Kingii</i>) about three feet
long, which has a large, erectile frill on each side of the
neck.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Frim</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>freme</i>
good, bold, and E. <i>frame</i>.] <def>Flourishing; thriving; fresh;
in good case; vigorous.</def> [Obs.] "Frim pastures."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fri"maire`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>frimas</i> hoarfrost.] <def>The third month of the French
republican calendar. It commenced November 21, and ended December
20., See <u>Vend&eacute;miaire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fringe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF, <i>fringe</i>, F.
<i>frange</i>, prob. fr. L. <i>fimbria</i> fiber, thread, fringe, cf.
<i>fibra</i> fiber, E. <i>fiber</i>, <i>fimbriate</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ornamental appendage to the border of a
piece of stuff, originally consisting of the ends of the warp,
projecting beyond the woven fabric; but more commonly made separate
and sewed on, consisting sometimes of projecting ends, twisted or
plaited together, and sometimes of loose threads of wool, silk, or
linen, or narrow strips of leather, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something resembling in any respect a
fringe; a line of objects along a border or edge; a border; an
edging; a margin; a confine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The confines of grace and the <i>fringes</i> of
repentance.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>One of a number of light or
dark bands, produced by the interference of light; a diffraction
band; --  called also interference fringe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The peristome or fringelike
appendage of the capsules of most mosses. See
<u>Peristome</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fringe tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small tree
(<i>Chionanthus Virginica</i>), growing in the Southern United
States, and having snow-white flowers, with long pendulous
petals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fringe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fringed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. a.</i></pos>
<u>Fringing</u>.] <def>To adorn the edge of with a fringe or as with
a fringe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Precipices <i>fringed</i> with grass.</blockquote> <i>
Bryant.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fringing reef</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Coral reefs</i>, under
<u>Coral</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fringed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a
fringe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fringed lear</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leaf edged
with soft parallel hairs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fringe"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
fringe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frin"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Encircling like
a fringe; bordering.</def> [R.] "The fringent air."
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Frin*gil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>fringilla</i> a <i>chaffinch</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of birds, with a short, conical, pointed bill. It formerly
included all the sparrows and finches, but is now restricted to
certain European finches, like the chaffinch and brambling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frin`gil*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Fringilline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frin*gil"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the family
<i>Fringillid&aelig;</i>; characteristic of finches;
sparrowlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frin"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Aborned with
fringes.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fripier</i>,
fr. <i>friper</i> to rumple, fumble, waste.] <def>One who deals in
frippery or in old clothes.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frip"per*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
fripper.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frip"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>friperie</i>,
fr. <i>fruper</i>. See <u>Fripper</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Coast-off clothes.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Secondhand finery; cheap and tawdry
decoration; affected elegance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fond of gauze and French <i>frippery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gauzy <i>frippery</i> of a French
translation.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place where old clothes are sold.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The trade or traffic in old
clothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frip"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Trifling;
contemptible.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fri"seur'</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>friser</i> to curl, frizzle. See <u>Frizzle</u>.] <def>A
hairdresser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fri"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Friesland, a province of the Netherlands; Friesic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fri"sian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Friesland; also, the language spoken in Friesland. See
<u>Friesic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Frisk</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>frieque</i>, cf.
OHG. <i>frise</i> lively, brisk, fresh, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>frisk</i>,
Icel. <i>friskr</i>. See <u>Fresh</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Lively; brisk; frolicsome; frisky.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frisk</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A frolic; a fit of
wanton gayety; a gambol: a little playful skip or leap.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frisk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frisked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frisking</u>.] <def>To leap, skip, dance, or gambol, in fronc and
gayety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>frisking</i> satyrs on the summits
danced.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frisk"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A leap or
caper.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frisker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who frisks;
one who leaps of dances in gayety; a wanton; an inconstant or
unsettled person.</def>  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fris"ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>frisguette</i>.
Perh. so named from the velocity or frequency of its motion. See
<u>Frisk</u> <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The light
frame which holds the sheet of paper to the tympan in
printing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frisk"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Brisk; lively;
frolicsome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frisk"i*ly'</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a frisky
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frisk"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or quality
of being frisky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frisk"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to frisk;
frolicsome; gay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is too <i>frisky</i> for an old man.</blockquote>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fris"let</hw> (fr&ibreve;z"l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. <u>Fraise</u> a kind of defense; also <u>Friz</u>.] <def>A kind
of small ruffle.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frist</hw> (fr&ibreve;st), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>fristen</i>, <i>firsten</i>, to lend, give respite, postpone, AS.
<i>firstan</i> to give respite to; akin to first time, G.
<i>frist</i>, Icel. <i>frest</i> delay.] <def>To sell upon credit, as
goods.</def> [R.]  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fri"sure`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The
dressing of the hair by crisping or curling.</def>
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fritte</i>, fr.
<i>frit</i> fried, p. p. of <i>frire</i> to fry. See <u>Far</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Glass Making)</i>
<def>The material of which glass is made, after having been calcined
or partly fused in a furnace, but before vitrification. It is a
composition of silex and alkali, occasionally with other
ingredients.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ceramics)</i> <def>The material for glaze
of pottery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Frit brick</b></col>, <cd>a lump of calcined glass
materials, brought to a pasty condition in a reverberatory furnace,
preliminary to the perfect vitrification in the melting pot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Frit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fritted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fritting</u>.] <def>To prepare by heat (the materials for making
glass); to fuse partially.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fritter; -- with
away.</def> [R.]  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frith</hw> (fr&ibreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>firth</i>, Icel. <i>fj&ouml;r&eth;r</i>; akin to Sw.
<i>fj&auml;rd</i>, Dan. <i>fiord</i>, E. <i>ford</i>. &radic;78. See
<u>Ford</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Firth</u>,
<u>Fiord</u>, <u>Fret</u> a frith, <u>Port</u> a harbor.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A narrow arm of the sea; an
estuary; the opening of a river into the sea; as, the <i>Frith</i> of
Forth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of weir for catching fish.</def>
[Eng.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frith</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>frith</i> peace,
protection, land inclosed for hunting, park, forest, AS.
<i>fri&eth;</i> peace; akin to <i>freno&eth;</i> peace, protection,
asylum, G. <i>friede</i> peace, Icel. <i>fri&eth;r</i>, and from the
root of E. free, friend. See <u>Free</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Affray</u>, <u>Defray</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A forest;
a woody place.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small field taken out of a common, by
inclosing it; an inclosure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir J. Wynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frith"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Woody.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Frit"il*la`ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>fritillus</i> dicebox: cf. F. <i>fritillaire</i>. So named from
the checkered markings of the petals.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
liliaceous plants, of which the crown-imperial (<i>Fritillaria
imperialis</i>) is one species, and the Guinea-hen flower (<i>F.
Meleagris</i>) another. See <u>Crown-imperial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frit"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant with checkered petals,
of the genus Fritillaria: the Guinea-hen flower. See
<u>Fritillaria</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species
of butterflies belonging to <i>Argynnis</i> and allied genera; -- so
called because the coloring of their wings resembles that of the
common <i>Fritillaria</i>. See <u>Aphrodite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frit"i*nan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fritinnire</i> to twitter.] <def>A chirping or creaking, as of a
cricket.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OR. <i>fritour</i>,
<i>friture</i>, pancake, F. <i>friture</i> frying, a thing fried,
from <i>frire</i> to fry. See <u>Far</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small quantity of batter, fried in boiling
lard or in a frying pan. Fritters are of various kinds, named from
the substance inclosed in the batter; as, apple <i>fritters</i>, clam
<i>fritters</i>, oyster <i>fritters</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fragment; a shred; a small
piece.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And cut whole giants into
<i>fritters</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Corn fritter</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Corn</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Frit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frittered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frittering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut, as meat, into
small pieces, for frying.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break into small pieces or
fragments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Break all nerves, and <i>fritter</i> all their
sense.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fritter away</b></col>, <cd>to diminish; to pare off;
to reduce to nothing by taking away a little at a time; also, to
waste piecemeal; as, <i>to fritter away</i> time, strength, credit,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Frit"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Frit</u> to
expose to heat.] <def>The formation of frit or slag by heat with but
incipient fusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Friv"o*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Frivolity.</def> [R.]  <i>Pristley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fri*vol"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Frivolities</b></plw> (#). [Cg. F. <i>frivolit&eacute;</i>.
See <u>Frivolous</u>.] <def>The condition or quality of being
frivolous; also, acts or habits of trifling; unbecoming levity of
disposition.</def></p>

<p><! p. 598 !></p>

<p><hw>Friv"o*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frivolus</i>; prob. akin to <i>friare</i> to rub, crumble, E.
<i>friable</i>: cf. F. <i>frivole</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of little weight or importance; not worth
notice; slight; as, a <i>frivolous</i> argument.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to trifling; marked with unbecoming
levity; silly; interested especially in trifling matters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His personal tastes were low and
<i>frivolous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Trifling; trivial; slight; petty; worthless.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Friv"o*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Friv"o*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Friz</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frizzed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frizzing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>friser</i> to curl, crisp,
<i>frizzle</i>, to raise the nap (on certain stuffs); prob.akin to
OFries. <i>frisle</i> hair of the head.  Cf. <u>Frieze</u> kind of
cloth.] [Written also <i>frizz</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To curl
or form into small curls, as hair, with a crisping pin; to
crisp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With her hair <i>frizzed</i> short up to her
ears.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form into little burs, prominences,
knobs, or tufts, as the nap of cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Leather Manufacture)</i> <def>To soften and
make of even thickness by rubbing, as with pumice stone or a blunt
instrument.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Frizzing machine</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Fabrics)</i> <cd>A machine for frizzing the surface of
cloth.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Wood Working)</i> <cd>A bench
with a revolving cutter head slightly protruding above its surface,
for dressing boards.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Friz</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Frizzes</b></plw> (&?;). <def>That which is frizzed; anything
crisped or curled, as a wig; a frizzle.</def> [Written also
<i>frizz</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He [Dr. Johnson], who saw in his glass how his wig
became his face and head, might easily infer that a similar
fullbottomed, well-curled <i>friz</i> of words would be no less
becoming to his thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frize</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See
1st <u>Frieze</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Friz"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Firearms)</i>
<def>A movable furrowed piece of steel struck by the flint, to throw
sparks into the pan, in an early form of flintlock.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fri*zette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>frisette</i>
curl.] <def>A curl of hair or silk; a pad of frizzed hair or silk
worn by women under the hair to stuff it out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frizz</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Friz</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Friz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frizzled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frizzling</u> (?).] [Dim. of <u>friz</u>.] <def>To curl or crisp,
as hair; to friz; to crinkle.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To frizzle up</b></col>, <cd>to crinkle or crisp
excessively.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Friz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A curl; a lock of
hair crisped.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Friz"zler`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
frizzles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Friz"zly</hw> (?), <hw>Friz"zy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Curled or crisped; as, <i>frizzly</i>,
hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fro</hw> (fr&omacr;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fra</i>,
<i>fro</i>, adv. &amp; prep., Icel. <i>fr&amacr;</i>, akin to Dan.
<i>fra</i> from, E. <i>from</i>. See <u>From</u>.] <def>From; away;
back or backward; -- now used only in opposition to the word
<i>to</i>, in the phrase to and <i>fro</i>, that is, <i>to and
from</i>. See <u>To and fro</u> under <u>To</u>.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fro</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>From.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>froc</i> a monk's
cowl, coat, garment, LL. <i>frocus</i>, <i>froccus</i>,
<i>flocus</i>, <i>floccus</i>, fr. L. <i>floccus</i> a flock of wool;
hence orig., a flocky cloth or garment; cf. L. <i>flaccus</i> flabby,
E. <i>flaccid</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A loose outer garment;
especially, a gown forming a part of European modern costume for
women and children; also, a coarse shirtlike garment worn by some
workmen over their other clothes; a smock frock; as, a marketman's
<i>frock</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coarse gown worn by monks or friars, and
supposed to take the place of all, or nearly all, other garments. It
has a hood which can be drawn over the head at pleasure, and is
girded by a cord.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Frock coat</b></col>, <cd>a body coat for men, usually
double-breasted, the skirts not being in one piece with the body, but
sewed on so as to be somewhat full.</cd> -- <col><b>Smock
frock</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Frock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
clothe in a frock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a monk of.  Cf.
<u>Unfrock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frocked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clothed in a
frock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frock"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
frock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Froe</hw> (fr&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Frow</u>.]
<def>A dirty woman; a slattern; a frow.</def> [Obs.] "Raging frantic
<i>froes</i>."  <i>Draylon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Froe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Frow</u> the tool]
<def>An iron cleaver or splitting tool; a frow.</def> [U. S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frog</hw> (fr&obreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>froggu</i>, <i>frocga</i> a frog (in sensel); akin to D.
<i>vorsch</i>, OHG. <i>frosk</i>, G. <i>frosch</i>, Icel.
<i>froskr</i>, <i>fraukr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>fr&ouml;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An amphibious animal of
the genus <i>Rana</i> and related genera, of many species. Frogs swim
rapidly, and take long leaps on land. Many of the species utter loud
notes in the springtime.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The edible frog of Europe (<i>Rana esculenta</i>) is
extensively used as food; the American bullfrog (<i>R.
Catesbiana</i>) is remarkable for its great size and loud voice.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perh. akin to E. <i>fork</i>, cf. <i>frush</i>
frog of a horse.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The triangular prominence of
the hoof, in the middle of the sole of the foot of the horse, and
other animals; the fourchette.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A supporting plate
having raised ribs that form continuations of the rails, to guide the
wheels where one track branches from another or crosses it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Cf. <i>fraco</i> of wool or silk, L.
<i>floccus</i>, E. <i>frock</i>.] <def>An oblong cloak button,
covered with netted thread, and fastening into a loop instead of a
button hole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The loop of the scabbard of a bayonet or
sword.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cross frog</b></col> <i>(Railroads)</i>, <cd>a frog
adapted for tracks that cross at right angles.</cd> -- <col><b>Frog
cheese</b></col>, <cd>a popular name for a large puffball.</cd> --
<col><b>Frog eater</b></col>, <cd>one who eats frogs; -- a term of
contempt applied to a Frenchman by the vulgar class of English.</cd>
-- <col><b>Frog fly</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Frog</u> hopper.</cd> -- <col><b>Frog hopper</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small, leaping, hemipterous insect living
on plants.  The larv&aelig; are inclosed in a frothy liquid called
<i>cuckoo spit</i> or <i>frog spit</i>.</cd> --  <col><b>Frog
lily</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the yellow water lily
(<i>Nuphar</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Frog spit</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the frothy exudation of the <i>frog
hopper</i>; -- called also <i>frog spittle</i>. See <i>Cuckoo
spit</i>, under <u>Cuckoo</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Frog</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ornament or
fasten (a coat, etc.) with trogs. See <u>Frog</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frog"bit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A European plant (<i>Hydrocharis Morsus-
ran&aelig;</i>), floating on still water and propagating itself by
runners. It has roundish leaves and small white flowers.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An American plant (<i>Limnobium
Spongia</i>), with similar habits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frog"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>See <u>Angler</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An oceanic fish of the genus
<i>Antennarius</i> or <i>Pterophrynoides</i>; -- called also
mousefish and toadfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frogged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided or
ornamented with frogs; as, a <i>frogged</i> coat. See <u>Frog</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def>  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frog"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
frogs.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frog"mouth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several species of Asiatic and East Indian birds of the
genus <i>Batrachostomus</i>  (family <i>Podargid&aelig;</i>); -- so
called from their very broad, flat bills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frog"s`-bit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Frogbit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frog"shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of numerous species of marine gastropod shells, belonging to
<i>Ranella</i> and allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Froise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>froise</i> cf.
F. <i>froisser</i> to bruise, E. <i>frush</i> to bruise,] <def>A kind
of pancake. See 1st <u>Fraise</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>fraise</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Frol"ic</hw> (fr&obreve;l"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [D.
<i>vroolijk</i>; akin to G. <i>fr&ouml;lich</i>, fr. <i>froh</i>,
OHG. <i>fr&omacr;</i>, Dan. <i>fro</i>, OS. <i>fr&amacr;h</i>, cf.
Icel. <i>fr&amacr;r</i> swift; all perh. akin to Skr. <i>pru</i> to
spring up.] <def>Full of levity; dancing, playing, or frisking about;
full of pranks; frolicsome; gay; merry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>frolic</i> wind that breathes the
spring.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gay, the <i>frolic</i>, and the loud.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frol"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
wild prank; a flight of levity, or of gayety and mirth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would be at his <i>frolic</i> once
again.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A scene of gayety and mirth, as in lively
play, or in dancing; a merrymaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frol"ic</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frolicked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frolicking</u>.] <def>To play wild pranks; to play tricks of
levity, mirth, and gayety; to indulge in frolicsome play; to
sport.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hither, come hither, and <i>frolic</i> and
play.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frol"ic*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Frolicsome.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Frol"ick*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Frolicsome.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frol"ic*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a frolicsome
manner; with mirth and gayety.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frol"ic*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
gayety and mirth; given to pranks; sportive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old England, who takes a <i>frolicsome</i> brain fever
once every two or three years, for the benefit of her
doctors.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Frol"ic*some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Frol"ic*some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>From</hw> (fr&obreve;m), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fram</i>, <i>from</i>; akin to OS. <i>fram</i> out, OHG. &amp; Icel.
<i>fram</i> forward, Sw. <i>fram</i>, Dan. <i>frem</i>, Goth.
<i>fram</i> from, prob. akin to E. <i>forth</i>. &?;202.  Cf.
<u>Fro</u>, <u>Foremost</u>.] <def>Out of the neighborhood of;
lessening or losing proximity to; leaving behind; by reason of; out
of; by aid of; -- used whenever departure, setting out, commencement
of action, being, state, occurrence, etc., or procedure, emanation,
absence, separation, etc., are to be expressed. It is construed with,
and indicates, the point of space or time at which the action, state,
etc., are regarded as setting out or beginning; also, less
frequently, the source, the cause, the occasion, out of which
anything proceeds; -- the antithesis and correlative of <i>to</i>;
as, it, is one hundred miles <i>from</i> Boston to Springfield; he
took his sword <i>from</i> his side; light proceeds from the sun;
separate the coarse wool <i>from</i> the fine; men have all sprung
<i>from</i> Adam, and often go <i>from</i> good to bad, and
<i>from</i> bad to worse; the merit of an action depends on the
principle <i>from</i> which it proceeds; men judge of facts
<i>from</i> personal knowledge, or <i>from</i> testimony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Experience <i>from</i> the time past to the time
present.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The song began <i>from</i> Jove.</blockquote>
<i>Drpden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>From</i> high M&aelig;onia's rocky shores I
came.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If the wind blow any way <i>from</i>
shore.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>From</i> sometimes denotes <i>away from</i>, <i>remote
from</i>, <i>inconsistent with</i>. "Anything so overdone is
<i>from</i> the purpose of playing." <i>Shak.</i> <i>From</i>, when
joined with another preposition or an adverb, gives an opportunity
for abbreviating the sentence. "There followed him great multitudes
of people . . . <i>from</i> [the land] <i>beyond</i> Jordan."
<i>Math. iv. 25.</i> In certain constructions, as <i>from forth</i>,
<i>from out</i>, etc., the ordinary and more obvious arrangment is
inverted, the sense being more distinctly <i>forth from</i>, <i>out
from</i> -- <i>from</i> being virtually the governing preposition,
and the word the adverb. See <i>From off</i>, under <u>Off</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, and <i>From afar</i>, under <u>Afar</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Sudden partings such as press<BR>
The life <i>from out</i> young hearts.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>From"ward</hw> (?), <hw>From"wards</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [AS. <i>framweard</i> about to depart.  Cf.
<u>Froward</u>] <def>A way from; -- the contrary of toward.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Towards or <i>fromwards</i> the zenith.</blockquote>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>frons</i>,
<i>frondis</i>, a leafy branch, foliage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
organ formed by the combination or union into one body of stem and
leaf, and often bearing the fructification; as, the <i>frond</i> of a
fern or of a lichen or seaweed; also, the peculiar leaf of a palm
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fron*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frondatio</i>, from <i>frons</i>. See <u>Frond</u>.] <def>The act
of stripping, as trees, of leaves or branches; a kind of
pruning.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fronde</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(F. Hist.)</i>
<def>A political party in France, during the minority of Louis XIV.,
who opposed the government, and made war upon the court
party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frond"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
fronds.</def> "Fronded palms."  <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fron"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>frondens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>frondere</i> to put forth leaves. See <u>Frond</u>.]
<def>Covered with leaves; leafy; as, a <i>frondent</i> tree.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fron*desce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frondescere</i>, inchoative fr. <i>frondere</i>. See
<u>Frondent</u>.] <def>To unfold leaves, as plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fron*des"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The time at which each species of plants
unfolds its leaves.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act of
bursting into leaf.</def>  <i>Milne.  Martyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fron"deur`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(F.
Hist.)</i> <def>A member of the Fronde.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fron*dif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frondifer frons</i> a leafy branch + ferre to bear: cf. F.
<i>frondifere</i>.] <def>Producing fronds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frond"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
very small frond, or distinct portion of a compound frond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fron*dose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>frondosus</i>
leafy.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Frond bearing;
resembling a frond; having a simple expansion not separable into stem
and leaves.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Leafy.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fron"dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Frondose.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Frons</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., <i>front</i>.]
<i>(Anal.)</i> <def>The forehead; the part of the cranium between the
orbits and the vertex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Front</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>frant</i>
forehead, L. <i>frons</i>, <i>frontis</i>; perh. akin to E.
<i>brow</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The forehead or brow, the part
of the face above the eyes; sometimes, also, the whole
face.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bless'd with his father's <i>front</i>, his mother's
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Grim-visaged war hath smoothed his wrinkled
<i>front</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>front</i> yet threatens, and his frowns
command.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The forehead, countenance, or personal
presence, as expressive of character or temper, and especially, of
boldness of disposition, sometimes of impudence; seeming; as, a bold
<i>front</i>; a hardened <i>front.</i></def></p>

<p><blockquote>With smiling <i>fronts</i> encountering.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The inhabitants showed a bold
<i>front</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The part or surface of anything which
seems to look out, or to be directed forward; the fore or forward
part; the foremost rank; the van; -- the opposite to back or rear;
as, the <i>front</i> of a house; the <i>front</i> of an
army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had he his hurts before?<BR>
Ay, on the <i>front</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A position directly before the face of a
person, or before the foremost part of a thing; as, in <i>front</i>
of un person, of the troops, or of a house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The most conspicuous part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The very head and <i>front</i> of my
offending.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which covers the foremost part of the
head: a front piece of false hair worn by women.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like any plain Miss Smith's, who wears s
front.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The beginning.</def> "Summer's
<i>front</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bastioned front</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a curtain
connerting two half bastions.</cd> -- <col><b>Front door</b></col>,
<cd>the door in the front wall of a building, usually the principal
entrance.</cd> -- <col><b>Front of fortification</b></col>, <cd>the
works constructed upon any one side of a polygon.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i>
-- <col><b>Front of operations</b></col>, <cd>all that part of the
field of operations in front of the successive positions occupied by
the army as it moves forward.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> -- <col><b>To come
to the front</b></col>, <cd>to attain prominence or
leadership.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Front</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to the
front or forward part; having a position in front; foremost; as, a
<i>front</i> view.</def></p>

<p><hw>Front</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fronted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fronting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To oppose face to face; to
oppose directly; to meet in a hostile manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You four shall <i>front</i> them in the narrow
lane.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To appear before; to meet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Enid] daily <i>fronted</i> him<BR>
In some fresh splendor.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To face toward; to have the front toward;
to confront; as, the house <i>fronts</i> the street.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And then suddenly <i>front</i> the changed
reality.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stand opposed or opposite to, or over
against as, his house fronts the church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To adorn in front; to supply a front to;
as, to <i>front</i> a house with marble; to <i>front</i> a head with
laurel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yonder walls, that pertly <i>front</i> your
town.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Front</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To have or turn the
face or front in any direction; as, the house <i>fronts</i> toward
the east.</def></p>

<p><hw>Front"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The front part
of an edifice or lot; extent of front.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fron"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>frontal</i>.] <def>Belonging to the front part; being in
front</def>; esp. <i>(Anat.)</i>, <def>Of or pertaining to the
forehead or the anterior part of the roof of the brain case; as, the
<i>frontal</i> bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fron"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>frontal</i>,
<i>fronteau</i>, OF. <i>Frontel</i>, <i>frontal</i>, L.
<i>frontale</i> an ornament for the forehead, frontlet. See
<u>Front</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something worn on the forehead
or face; a frontlet</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An ornamental
band for the hair.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The
metal face guard of a soldier.</def></p>

<p><! p. 599 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A little pediment over a
door or window.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A movable, decorative
member in metal, carved wood, or, commonly, in rich stuff or in
embroidery, covering the front of the altar. Frontals are usually
changed according to the different ceremonies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicament or application
for the forehead.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The frontal bone, or one of
the two frontal bones, of the cranium.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Frontal</b></col> <col><b>hammer or helve</b></col>, <cd>a
forge hammer lifted by a cam, acting upon a "tongue" immediately in
front of the hammer head.</cd>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fron"tate</hw> (?), <hw>Fron'ta*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Growing broader and broader, as a leaf;
truncate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Front"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed with a
front; drawn up in line.</def> "Fronted brigades."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fron"tier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fronti&egrave;re</i>, LL. <i>frontaria</i>. See <u>Front</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part of a country which fronts or faces
another country or an unsettled region; the marches; the border,
confine, or extreme part of a country, bordering on another country;
the border of the settled and cultivated part of a country; as, the
<i>frontier</i> of civilization.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>An outwork.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Palisadoes, <i>frontiers</i>, parapets.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fron"tier</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Lying on the exterior part; bordering; conterminous; as, a
<i>frontier</i> town.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or relating to a frontier.</def>
"Frontier experience."  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fron"tier</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To constitute or
form a frontier; to have a frontier; -- with on.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fron"tiered</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Placed on
the frontiers.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fron"tiers*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Frontiersmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man living on the
frontier.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fron`ti*gnac"</hw> (?), <hw>Fron`ti`gnan"</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from <i>Frontignan</i>, a town in
Southern France.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sweet muscadine wine made
in Frontignan (Languedoc), France.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A grape of many varieties
and colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Front"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
fronting or facing position; opposingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fron`tin*iac"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Frontignac</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fron"tis*piece</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>frontispice</i>, LL. <i>frontispicium</i> beginning, front of a
church, fr. L. <i>frons</i> front + <i>spicere</i>, <i>specere</i>,
to look at, view: cf. It. <i>frontispizio</i>. See <u>Front</u> and
<u>Spy</u>.] <def>The part which first meets the eye</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The principal front of a
building.</def> [Obs. or R.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An ornamental
figure or illustration fronting the first page, or titlepage, of a
book; formerly, the titlepage itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Front"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without face or
front; shameless; not diffident; impudent.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Frontless</i> vice." <i>Dryden.</i> "<i>Frontless</i> flattery."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Front"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Shamelessly;
impudently.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Front"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. frontelet brow
band, dim. of <i>frontel</i>, <i>frontal</i>. See <u>Frontal</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A frontal or brow band;
a fillet or band worn on the forehead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall be as <i>frontlets</i> between thine
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Deut. vi. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A frown (likened to a frontlet).</def> [R.
& Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>What makes that <i>frontlet</i> on? Methinks you are
too much of late i' the frown.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The margin of the
head, behind the bill of birds, often bearing rigid
bristles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fron"to-</hw> (?). [L. <i>frons</i>, <i>frontis</i>, the
forehead.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A combining form signifying
<i>relating to the forehead</i> or <i>the frontal bone</i>; as,
<i>fronto-</i>parietal, relating to the frontal and the parietal
bones; <i>fronto-</i>nasal, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fron`ton"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a pediment.
See <u>Front</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Frontal</u>,
2.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Frop"pish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Frap</u>,
<u>Frape</u>.] <def>Peevish; froward.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frore</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Frorn</u>.]
<def>Frostily.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The parching air<BR>
Burns <i>frore</i>, and cold performs the effect of
fire.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frorn</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>froren</i>, p.
p. of <i>fre&oacute;sun</i> to freeze. See <u>Freeze</u>.]
<def>Frozen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Well nigh <i>frorn</i> I feel.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fro"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fre&oacute;rig</i>. See <u>Frorn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Frozen; stiff with cold.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covered with a froth like hoarfrost.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The foaming steed with <i>frory</i> bit to
steer.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frost</hw> (fr&obreve;st; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>frost</i>, <i>forst</i>, AS. <i>forst</i>, <i>frost</i>. fr.
<i>fre&oacute;san</i> to freeze; akin to D. <i>varst</i>, G., OHG.,
Icel., Dan., &amp; Sw. <i>frost</i>. &radic;18. See <u>Freeze</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of freezing;
-- applied chiefly to the congelation of water; congelation of
fluids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or temperature of the air which
occasions congelation, or the freezing of water; severe cold or
freezing weather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The third bay comes a <i>frost</i>, a killing
<i>frost</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Frozen dew; -- called also
<i>hoarfrost</i> or <i>white frost</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He scattereth the hoar<i>frost</i> like
ashes.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxlvii. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Coldness or insensibility; severity or
rigidity of character.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It was of those moments of intense feeling when the
<i>frost</i> of the Scottish people melts like a snow
wreath.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Black frost</b></col>, <cd>cold so intense as to freeze
vegetation and cause it to turn black, without the formation of
hoarfrost.</cd> -- <col><b>Frost bearer</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>,
<cd>a philosophical instrument illustrating the freezing of water in
a vacuum; a cryophorus.</cd> -- <col><b>Frost grape</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American grape, with very small, acid
berries.</cd> -- <col><b>Frost lamp</b></col>, <cd>a lamp placed
below the oil tube of an Argand lamp to keep the oil limpid on cold
nights; -- used especially in lighthouses.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Frost nail</b></col>, <cd>a nail with a sharp head driven
into a horse's shoe to keep him from slipping.</cd> -- <col><b>Frost
smoke</b></col>, <cd>an appearance resembling smoke, caused by
congelation of vapor in the atmosphere in time of severe
cold.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The brig and the ice round her are covered by a
strange black<BR>
obscurity: it is the <i>frost</i> smoke of arctic
winters.</blockquote> <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Frost valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve to drain the portion
of a pipe, hydrant, pump, etc., where water would be liable to
freeze.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack Frost</b></col>, <cd>a popular
personification of frost.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Frost</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frosted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frosting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To injure by frost; to
freeze, as plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with hoarfrost; to produce a
surface resembling frost upon, as upon cake, metals, or
glass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While with a hoary light she <i>frosts</i> the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To roughen or sharpen, as the nail heads
or calks of horseshoes, so as to fit them for frosty
weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frost"bird</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The golden plover.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frost"bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The freezing,
or effect of a freezing, of some part of the body, as the ears or
nose.</def>  <i>Kane.</i><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Frost`bite"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To expose to
the effect of frost, or a frosty air; to blight or nip with
frost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My wife up and with Mrs. Pen to walk in the fields to
<i>frostbite</i> themselves.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frost`-bit"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Nipped,
withered, or injured, by frost or freezing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frost`-blite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plant of the genus <i>Atriplex</i>;
orache.</def> <i>Gray.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The lamb's-
quarters (<i>Chenopodium album</i>).</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frost"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
hoarfrost or anything resembling hoarfrost; ornamented with frosting;
also, frost-bitten; as, a <i>frosted</i> cake; <i>frosted</i>
glass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Frosted</i> work is introduced as a foil or
contrast to burnished work.</blockquote> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frost`fish"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The tomcod; -- so called because it is
abundant on the New England coast in autumn at about the commencement
of frost. See <u>Tomcod</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
smelt.</def> [Local, U. S.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A name applied
in New Zealand to the scabbard fish (<i>Lepidotus</i>) valued as a
food fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frost"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a frosty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frost"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or quality
of being frosty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frost"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
composition of sugar and beaten egg, used to cover or ornament cake,
pudding, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lusterless finish of metal or glass; the
process of producing such a finish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frost"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from frost;
as, a <i>frostless</i> winter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frost"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American species of rockrose (<i>Helianthemum Canadense</i>),
sometimes used in medicine as an astringent or aromatic
tonic.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It has large yellow flowers which are often sterile, and
later it has abundant but inconspicuous flowers which bear seed. It
is so called because, late in autumn, crystals of ice shoot from the
cracked bark at the root; -- called also frostwort.</p>

<p><hw>Frost`work"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
figurework, often fantastic and delicate, which moisture sometimes
forms in freezing, as upon a window pane or a flagstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frost`wort"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Frostweed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frost"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>fyrstig</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Attended with, or producing,
frost; having power to congeal water; cold; freezing; as, a
<i>frosty</i> night.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covered with frost; as, the grass is
<i>frosty</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Chill in affection; without warmth of
affection or courage.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Appearing as if covered with hoarfrost;
white; gray-haired; as, a <i>frosty</i> head.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frote</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>frotter</i>.]
<def>To rub or wear by rubbing; to chafe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fro"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who frotes;
one who rubs or chafes.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Froth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>frothe</i>, Icel.
<i>fro&eth;a</i>; akin to Dan. <i>fraade</i>, Sw. <i>fradga</i>, AS.
<i>&amacr;freo&eth;an</i> to froth.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The bubbles caused in fluids or liquors by
fermentation or agitation; spume; foam; esp., a spume of saliva
caused by disease or nervous excitement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any empty, senseless show of wit or
eloquence; rhetoric without thought.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was a long speech, but all
<i>froth</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Light, unsubstantial matter.</def>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Froth insect</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cuckoo
spit or frog hopper; -- called also <i>froth spit</i>, <i>froth
worm</i>, and <i>froth fly</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Froth spit</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Cuckoo spit</i>, under Cuckoo.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Froth</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frothed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>.
<u>Frothing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to foam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spit, vent, or eject, as
froth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . <i>froths</i> treason at his
mouth.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is your spleen <i>frothed</i> out, or have ye
more?</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cover with froth; as, a horse
<i>froths</i> his chain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Froth</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To throw up or out
spume, foam, or bubbles; to foam; as beer <i>froths</i>; a horse
<i>froths</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Froth"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a frothy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Froth"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or quality
of being frothy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Froth"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Exaggerated
declamation; rant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Froth"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
froth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Froth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Frothier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Frothiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of foam or froth, or consisting of froth or light bubbles;
spumous; foamy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not firm or solid; soft; unstable.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of froth; light; empty;
unsubstantial; as, a <i>frothy</i> speaker or harangue.</def>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frounce</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frounced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frouncing</u> (?).] [OE. <i>frouncen</i>, <i>fronsen</i>, to told,
wrinkle, OF. <i>froncier</i>, F. <i>froncer</i>, perh. fr. an assumed
LL. <i>frontiare</i> to wrinkle the forehead, L. <i>frons</i>
forehead. See <u>Front</u>, and cf. <u>Flounce</u> part of a dress.]
<def>To gather into or adorn with plaits, as a dress; to form
wrinkles in or upon; to curl or frizzle, as the hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not tricked and <i>frounced</i>, as she was
wont.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frounce</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form wrinkles in
the forehead; to manifest displeasure; to frown.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Commons <i>frounced</i> and stormed.</blockquote>
<i> Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frounce</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
wrinkle, plait, or curl; a flounce; -- also, a frown.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An affection in hawks, in which white
spittle gathers about the hawk's bill.</def>  <i>Booth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frounce"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
frounces.</def>  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frou"zy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>frouzy</i>
froward, peevish, offensive to the eye or smell; cf. <i>froust</i> a
musty smell, frouse to rumple, frouze to curl, and E. <i>frounce</i>,
<i>frowy</i>.] <def>Fetid, musty; rank; disordered and offensive to
the smell or sight; slovenly; dingy. See <u>Frowzy</u>.</def>
"Petticoats in <i>frouzy</i> heaps."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>vrouw</i>; akin to
G. <i>frau</i> woman, wife, goth, <i>fr&aacute;uja</i> master, lord,
AS. <i>fre&aacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman; especially,
a Dutch or German woman.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dirty woman; a slattern.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Frower</u>.]
<def>A cleaving tool with handle at right angles to the blade, for
splitting cask staves and shingles from the block; a
frower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frow</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Brittle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fro"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Fro</i> + <i>-
ward</i>. See <u>Fro</u>, and cf. <u>Fromward</u>.] <def>Not willing
to yield or compIy with what is required or is reasonable; perverse;
disobedient; peevish; as, a <i>froward</i> child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>froward</i> man soweth strife.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xvi. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>froward</i> retention of custom is as turbulent a
thing as innovation.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Untoward; wayward; unyielding; ungovernable:
refractory; obstinate; petulant; cross; peevish. See
<u>Perverse</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Fro"ward*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fro"ward*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Frow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>frow</i> a
frower, and Prov. E, <i>frommard</i>.] <def>A tool. See 2d
<u>Frow</u>.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frow"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Frow</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>Working smoothly, or
without splitting; -- said of timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frown</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &, p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frowned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frowning</u>.] [OF. <i>froignier</i>, F. <i>frogner</i>, <i>in se
refrogner</i>, <i>se renfrogner</i>, to knit the brow, to frown;
perh. of Teutonic origin; cf. It. <i>in frigno</i> wrinkled,
frowning, Prov. It. <i>frignare</i> to cringe the face, to make a wry
face, dial. Sw. <i>fryna</i> to make a wry face,] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To contract the brow in displeasure, severity, or sternness; to
scowl; to put on a stern, grim, or surly look.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>frowning</i> wrinkle of her brow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To manifest displeasure or disapprobation;
to look with disfavor or threateningly; to lower; as, polite society
<i>frowns</i> upon rudeness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sky doth <i>frown</i> and lower upon our
army.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frown</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To repress or repel
by expressing displeasure or disapproval; to rebuke with a look; as,
<i>frown</i> the impudent fellow into silence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frown</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
wrinkling of the face in displeasure, rebuke, etc.; a sour, severe,
or stere look; a scowl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His front yet threatens, and his <i>frowns</i>
command.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her very <i>frowns</i> are fairer far<BR>
Than smiles of other maidens are.</blockquote> <i>H.
Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any expression of displeasure; as, the
<i>frowns</i> of Providence; the <i>frowns</i> of Fortune.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frown"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a frowning
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frown"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Frowning;
scowling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>frowny</i> mother's ragged
shoulder.</blockquote> <i>Sir F. Palgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frow"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Frowzy</u>,
<u>Frouzy</u>.] <def>Musty. rancid; as, <i>frowy</i> butter.</def>
"<i>Frowy</i> feed."  <i>Spenser</i></p>

<p><hw>Frow"zy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Frouzy</u>.]
<def>Slovenly; unkempt; untidy; frouzy.</def> "With head all
<i>frowzy</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>frowzy</i> soldiers' wives hanging out
clothes.</blockquote> <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Froze</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Freeze</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fro"zen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Congealed with cold; affected by freezing; as, a <i>frozen</i>
brook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They warmed their <i>frozen</i> feet.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subject to frost, or to long and severe
cold; chilly; as, the <i>frozen</i> north; the <i>frozen</i>
zones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cold-hearted; unsympathetic;
unyielding.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Be not ever <i>frozen</i>, coy.</blockquote> <i>T.
Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fro"zen*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of being
frozen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frub"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Furbish</u>.] <def>To rub up: to furbish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau.
c& Et.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fruc"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fructus</i>
fruit. See <u>Fruit</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Bearing fruit; -- said
of a tree or plant so represented upon an escutcheon.</def>
<i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fruc*tes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fructus</i> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The maturing or ripening of
fruit.</def> [R.]  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fruc*tic"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fruitful;
full of fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fruc`ti`dor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>fructus</i> fruit.] <def>The twelfth month of the French
republican calendar; -- commencing August 18, and ending September
16. See <u>Vend&eacute;miaire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fruc*tif"er*uos</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fructifer</i>; <i>fructus</i> fruit + <i>ferre</i> to bear; cf. F.
<i>fructif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Bearing or producing fruit.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fruc`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fructificatio</i>: cf. F. <i>fructification</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of forming or producing fruit; the
act of fructifying, or rendering productive of fruit;
fecundation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The prevalent <i>fructification</i> of
plants.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Brown.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
collective organs by which a plant produces its fruit, or seeds, or
reproductive spores.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The process of
producing fruit, or seeds, or spores.</def></p>

<p><! p. 600 !></p>

<p><hw>Fruc"ti*fy</hw> (fr&ubreve;k"t&ibreve;*f&imacr;), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [F. <i>fructifier</i>, L. <i>fructificare</i>;
<i>fructus</i> fruit + <i>-ficare</i> (only in comp.), akin to L.
<i>facere</i> to make. See <u>Fruit</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.] <def>To
bear fruit.</def> "Causeth the earth to <i>fructify</i>."
<i>Beveridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fruc"ti*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fructified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fructifying</u>.] <def>To make fruitful; to render productive; to
fertilize; as, to <i>fructify</i> the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fruc*tose"</hw> (fr&ubreve;k*t&omacr;s" <i>or</i>
fr&ubreve;k"t&omacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fructus</i>
fruit.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Fruit sugar; levulose.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fruc"tu*a*ry</hw> (fr&ubreve;k"t&usl;*&asl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Fructuaries</b></plw> (-
r&ibreve;z). [L. <i>fructuarius</i>.] <def>One who enjoys the
profits, income, or increase of anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kings are not proprietors nor
<i>fructuaries</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fruc"tu*a`tion</hw> (-&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Produce; fruit.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fruc"tu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fructuosus</i>: cf, F. <i>fructueux</i>.] <def>Fruitful;
productive; profitable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing <i>fructuous</i> or profitable.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fruc"tu*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fruc"tu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fruc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>frui</i>,
<i>p. p. fructus</i>, to enjoy. See <u>Fruit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Use; fruition; enjoyment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frue" van"ner</hw> (?). [Etymol. uncertain.] <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>A moving, inclined, endless apron on which ore is concentrated
by a current of water; a kind of buddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fru"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>frugalis</i>,
fr. <i>frugi</i>, lit., for <i>fruit</i>; hence, fit for food,
useful, proper, temperate, the dative of <i>frux</i>, <i>frugis</i>,
fruit, akin to E. <i>fruit</i>: cf. F. <i>frugal</i>. See
<u>Fruit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Economical in the use or appropriation of resources; not
wasteful or lavish; wise in the expenditure or application of force,
materials, time, etc.; characterized by frugality; sparing;
economical; saving; as, a <i>frugal</i> housekeeper; <i>frugal</i> of
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I oft admire<BR>
How Nature, wise and <i>frugal</i>, could commit<BR>
Such disproportions.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obtained by, or appropriate to, economy;
as, a frugal fortune.</def> "<i>Frugal</i> fare."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fru*gal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Frugalities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>frugalitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>frugalit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of
being frugal; prudent economy; that careful management of anything
valuable which expends nothing unnecessarily, and applies what is
used to a profitable purpose; thrift; --- opposed to
<i>extravagance</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Frugality</i> is founded on the principle that all
riches have<BR>
limits.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sparing use; sparingness; as, frugality
of praise.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Economy; parsimony. See <u>Economy</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fru"gal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Thriftily;
prudently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fru"gal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
frugal; frugality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fru*gif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frugifer</i>; <i>frux</i>, <i>frugis</i>, fruit + <i>ferre</i> to
bear: cf. F. <i>frugifere</i>.] <def>Producing fruit; fruitful;
fructiferous.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fru*giv"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Frugivorous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fruit bate; a group
of the Cheiroptera, comprising the bats which live on fruits. See
<i>Eruit bat</i>, under <u>Fruit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fru*giv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>frux</i>,
<i>frugis</i>, fruit + <i>vorare</i> to devour.: cf. F.
<i>frugivore</i>.] <def>Feeding on fruit, as birds and other
animals.</def>  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fruit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fruit</i>,
<i>frut</i>, F. <i>fruit</i>, from L. <i>fructus</i> enjoyment,
product, fruit, from <i>frui</i>, p. p. <i>fructus</i>, to enjoy;
akin to E. <i>brook</i>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> See <u>Brook</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Fructify</u>, <u>Frugal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Whatever is produced for the nourishment or
enjoyment of man or animals by the processes of vegetable growth, as
corn, grass, cotton, flax, etc.; -- commonly used in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Six years thou shalt sow thy land, and shalt gather in
the<BR>
<i>fruits</i> thereof.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxiii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>The pulpy, edible seed
vessels of certain plants, especially those grown on branches above
ground, as apples, oranges, grapes, melons, berries, etc. See
3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The ripened ovary of a
flowering plant, with its contents and whatever parts are
consolidated with it.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Fruits are classified as <i>fleshy</i>, <i>drupaceous</i>,
and <i>dry</i>. <i>Fleshy fruits</i> include berries, gourds, and
melons, orangelike fruits and pomes; <i>drupaceous fruits</i> are
stony within and fleshy without, as peaches, plums, and cherries; and
<i>dry fruits</i> are further divided into <i>achenes</i>,
<i>follicles</i>, <i>legumes</i>, <i>capsules</i>, <i>nuts</i>, and
several other kinds.<BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The spore cases or
conceptacles of flowerless plants, as of ferns, mosses, algae, etc.,
with the spores contained in them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The produce of animals; offspring; young;
as, the <i>fruit</i> of the womb, of the loins, of the
body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>King Edward's <i>fruit</i>, true heir to the English
crown.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which is produced; the effect or
consequence of any action; advantageous or desirable product or
result; disadvantageous or evil consequence or effect; as, the
<i>fruits</i> of labor, of self-denial, of intemperance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fruit</i> of rashness.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What I obtained was the <i>fruit</i> of no
bargain.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall eat the <i>fruit</i> of their
doings.</blockquote> <i>Is. iii 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fruits</i> of this education became
visible.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Fruit</i> is frequently used adjectively, signifying
<i>of</i>, <i>for</i>, <i>or pertaining to</i> a <i>fruit</i> or
<i>fruits</i>; as, <i>fruit</i> bud; <i>fruit</i> frame; <i>fruit</i>
jar; <i>fruit</i> knife; <i>fruit</i> loft; <i>fruit</i> show;
<i>fruit</i> stall; <i>fruit</i> tree; etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Fruit bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the
Frugivora; -- called also <i>fruit-eating bat</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fruit bud</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a bud that produces
fruit; -- in most oplants the same as the power bud.</cd>
<col><b>Fruit dot</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a collection of fruit
cases, as in ferns.</cd> See <u>Sorus</u>. -- <col><b>Fruit
fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small dipterous insect of
the genus <i>Drosophila</i>, which lives in fruit, in the larval
state.</cd> -- <col><b>Fruit jar</b></col>, <cd>a jar for holding
preserved fruit, usually made of glass or earthenware.</cd> --
<col><b>Fruit pigeon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
numerous species of pigeons of the family <i>Carpophagid&aelig;</i>,
inhabiting India, Australia, and the Pacific Islands. They feed
largely upon fruit. and are noted for their beautiful colors.</cd> --
<col><b>Fruit sugar</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a kind of sugar
occurring, naturally formed, in many ripe fruits, and in honey;
levulose. The name is also, though rarely, applied to <i>invert
sugar</i>, or to the natural mixture or dextrose and levulose
resembling it, and found in fruits and honey.</cd> -- <col><b>Fruit
tree</b></col> <i>(Hort.)</i>, <cd>a tree cultivated for its edible
fruit.</cd> -- <col><b>Fruit worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>one of numerous species of insect larv&aelig;: which live in the
interior of fruit. They are mostly small species of Lepidoptera and
Diptera.</cd> -- <col><b>Small fruits</b></col> <i>(Hort.)</i>,
<cd>currants, raspberries, strawberries, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fruit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bear
fruit.</def>  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fruit"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fruitage</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fruit, collectively; fruit, in general;
fruitery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The trees . . . ambrosial <i>fruitage</i>
bear.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Product or result of any action; effect,
good or ill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fruit"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A ship for
carrying fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fruit"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fruitier</i>.] <def>One who deals in fruit; a seller of
fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fruit"er*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who sells
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fruit"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fruiteries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>fruiterie</i> place where
fruit is kept, in OF. also, <i>fruitage</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fruit, taken collectively; fruitage.</def>
<i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A repository for fruit.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fruit"es*tere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
fruiteress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fruit"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of fruit;
producing fruit abundantly; bearing results; prolific; fertile;
liberal; bountiful; as, a <i>fruitful</i> tree, or season, or soil; a
<i>fruitful</i> wife.</def> -- <wf>Fruit"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Fruit"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Be <i>fruitful</i> and multiply and replenish the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Nature] By disburdening grows<BR>
More <i>fruitful</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>fruitfulness</i> of the poet's
fancy.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fertile; prolific; productive; fecund; plentiful;
rich; abundant; plenteous. See <u>Fertile</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fruit"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
producing, fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fruit"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bearing of
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fru*i"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>fruition</i>, L. <i>fruitio</i>, enjoyment, fr. L. <i>frui</i>, p.
p. <i>fruitus</i>, to use or enjoy. See <u>Fruit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Use or possession of anything, especially
such as is accompanied with pleasure or satisfaction; pleasure
derived from possession or use.</def> "Capacity of <i>fruition</i>."
<i>Rogers.</i> "Godlike <i>fruition</i>." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where I may have <i>fruition</i> of her
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fru"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Fruition</u>.] <def>Enjoying; possessing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fruit"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Lacking, or not bearing, fruit; barren; destitute of offspring;
as, a <i>fruitless</i> tree or shrub; a <i>fruitless</i>
marriage.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Productive of no advantage or good effect;
vain; idle; useless; unprofitable; as, a <i>fruitless</i> attempt; a
<i>fruitless</i> controversy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They in mutual accusation spent<BR>
The <i>fruitless</i> hours.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Useless; barren; unprofitable; abortive;
ineffectual; vain; idle; profitless. See <u>Useless</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Fruit"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fruit"lness*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fruit'y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the odor,
taste, or appearance of fruit; also, fruitful.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fru"men*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frumentaceus</i>, fr. <i>frumentum</i> corn or grain, from the
root of <i>frux</i> fruit: cf. F. <i>frumentac&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Frugal</u>.] <def>Made of, or resembling, wheat or other
grain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fru`men*ta"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
frumentarius.] <def>Of or pertaining to wheat or grain.</def> [R.]
<i>Coles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fru`men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frumentatio</i>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A largess of grain
bestowed upon the people, to quiet them when uneasy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fru"men*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>froment&eacute;e</i>, fr. L. <i>frumentum</i>. See
<u>Frumentaceous</u>.] <def>Food made of hulled wheat boiled in milk,
with sugar, plums, etc.</def> [Written also <i>furmenty</i> and
<i>furmity</i>.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frump</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>frumple</i> to wrinkle, ruffle, D. <i>frommelen</i>.] <def>To
insult; to flout; to mock; to snub.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frump</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
contemptuous speech or piece of conduct; a gibe or flout.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cross, old-fashioned person; esp., an
old woman; a gossip.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frump"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mocker.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frump"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cross-tempered; scornful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Old-fashioned, as a woman's
dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our Bell . . . looked very
<i>frumpish</i>.</blockquote> <i>Foote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frush</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>froisser</i> to
bruise.  Cf. <u>Froise</u>.] <def>To batter; to break in
pieces.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I like thine armor well;<BR>
I'll <i>frush</i> it and unlock the rivets all.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frush</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily broken; brittle;
crisp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frush</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Noise; clatter;
crash.</def> [R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frush</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>frosch</i>,
<i>frosk</i>, a frog (the animal), G. <i>frosch</i> frog (the
animal), also carney or lampass of horses. See <u>Frog</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>The
frog of a horse's foot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A discharge of a fetid or ichorous matter
from the frog of a horse's foot; -- also caled
<i>thrush.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Frus"tra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frustrabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>frustable</i>.] <def>Capable of beeing
frustrated or defeated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frus*tra"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Frustrate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Vain; useless;
unprofitable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frus"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frustratus</i>, p. p. of <i>frustrare</i>, <i>frustrari</i>, to
deceive, frustrate, fr. <i>frustra</i> in vain, witout effect, in
erorr, prob. for <i>frudtra</i> and akin to <i>fraus</i>, E.
<i>fraud</i>.] <def>Vain; ineffectual; useless; unprofitable; null;
voil; nugatory; of no effect.</def> "Our <i>frustrate</i> search."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frus"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Frustrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Frustrating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring to
nothing; to prevent from attaining a purpose; to disappoint; to
defeat; to baffle; as, to <i>frustrate</i> a plan, design, or
attempt; to <i>frustrate</i> the will or purpose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall the adversary thus obtain<BR>
His end and <i>frustrate</i> thine ?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make null; to nullifly; to render
invalid or of no effect; as, to <i>frustrate</i> a conveyance or
deed.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To balk; thwart; foil; baffle; defeat.</p>

<p><hw>Frus"trate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
vain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Vicars.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frus*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frustratio</i>: cf. OF. <i>frustration</i>.] <def>The act of
frustrating; disappointment; defeat; as, the <i>frustration</i> of
one's designs</def></p>

<p><hw>Frus"tra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
defeat; fallacious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frus"tra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frustratorius</i>: cf. F. <i>frustratoire</i>.] <def>Making void;
rendering null; as, a frustratory appeal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Frus"tule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>frustulum</i>,
dim. fr. <i>frustum</i> a piece: cf. F. <i>frustule</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The siliceous shell of a diatom. It is composed of
two valves, one overlapping the other, like a pill box and its
cover.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frus"tu*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>frustulentus</i>. See <u>Frustule</u>.] <def>Abounding in
fragments.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Frus"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Frusta</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Frustums</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>fruslum</i> piece, bit.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The part of a solid next
the base, formed by cutting off the, top; or the part of any solid,
as of a cone, pyramid, etc., between two planes, which may be either
parallel or inclined to each other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the drums of the
shaft of a column.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frut"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Fruitage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A picture of fruit; decoration by
representation of fruit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cornices consist of <i>frutages</i> and
festoons.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A confection of fruit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fru*tes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>frutex</i>,
<i>fruticis</i>, shrub, bush: cf. F. <i>frutescent</i>, L.
<i>fruticescens</i>, <i>p. pr.</i>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Somewhat
shrubby in character; imperfectly shrubby, as the American species of
Wistaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fru"tex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant having a woody, durable stem, but less than a tree; a
shrub.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fru"ti*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fruticans</i>, <i>p. pr.</i> of <i>fruticare</i>, to become bushy,
fr. <i>frutex</i>, fruticis, shrub.] <def>Full of shoots.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fru"ti*cose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fruticosus</i>, from frutex, <i>fruticis</i>, shrub] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to a shrub or shrubs; branching like a shrub;
shrubby; shrublike; as, a <i>fruticose</i> stem.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fru"ti*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Fruticose.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fru*tic"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. fr. L.
<i>fruticosus</i> bushy: cf. F. <i>fruticuleux</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Like, or pertaining to, a small shrub.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frying</u>.] [OE. <i>frien</i>, F. <i>frire</i>, fr. L. frigere to
roast, parch, <i>fry</i>, cf. Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>bhrajj</i>.  Cf.
<u>Fritter</u>.] <def>To cook in a pan or on a griddle (esp. with the
use of fat, butter, or olive oil) by heating over a fire; to cook in
boiling lard or fat; as, to <i>fry</i> fish; to <i>fry</i>
doughnuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
undergo the process of frying; to be subject to the action of heat in
a frying pan, or on a griddle, or in a kettle of hot fat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To simmer; to boil.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With crackling flames a caldron
<i>fries</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The frothy billows <i>fry</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To undergo or cause a disturbing action
accompanied with a sensation of heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To keep the oil from <i>frying</i> in the
stomach.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be agitated; to be greatly moved.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What kindling motions in their breasts do
<i>fry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dish
of anything fried.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of excitement; as, to be in a
<i>fry</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fri</i>, <i>fry</i>,
seed, descendants, cf. OF. <i>froye</i> spawning, spawn of. fishes,
little fishes, fr. L. <i>fricare</i> tosub (see <u>Friction</u>), but
cf. also Icel. <i>fr&aelig;</i>, <i>frj&omacr;</i>, seed, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>fr&ouml;</i>, Goth. <i>fraiw</i> seed, descendants.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The young of any
fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A swarm or crowd, especially of little
fishes; young or small things in general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fry</i> of children young.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To sever . . . the good fish from the other
<i>fry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have burned two frigates, and a hundred and twenty
small <i>fry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fry"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process denoted by
the verb <i>fry</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Frying pan</b></col>, <cd>an iron pan with a long handle,
used for frying meat, vegetables, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fu"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Fumage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Feuar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fub</hw> (?), <hw>Fubs</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Fob</u> a pocket.] <def>A plump young person or child.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [The same word as <i>fob</i>
to cheat.] <def>To put off by trickery; to cheat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have been <i>fubbed</i> off, and <i>fubbed</i> off,
and fabbed off, from this day to that day.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fub"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cheating;
deception.</def>  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fub"by</hw> (?), <hw>Fub"sy</hw> (?) } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Plump; chubby; short and stuffy; as a <i>fubsy</i> sofa.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>fubsy</i>, good-humored, silly . . . old
maid.</blockquote> <i>Mme. D'Arblay.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fu"cate</hw> (?), <hw>Fu"ca*ted</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fucatus</i>, p. p. of <i>fucare</i> to
color, paint, fr. <i>fucus</i>.] <def>Painted; disguised with paint,
or with false show.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fuchs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., prop., a fox.]
<i>(German Univ.)</i> <def>A student of the first year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fuch"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Fuchsias</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Fuchsi&aelig;</b></plw>
(#). [NL. Named after Leonard <i>Fuchs</i>, a German botanist.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of flowering plants having elegant
drooping flowers, with four sepals, four petals, eight stamens, and a
single pistil. They are natives of Mexico and South America. Double-
flowered varieties are now common in cultivation.</def></p>

<p><! p. 601 !></p>

<p><hw>Fuch"sine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named by the French
inventor, from <i>Fuchs</i> a fox, the German equivalent of his own
name, <i>Renard</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Aniline red; an artificial
coal-tar dyestuff, of a metallic green color superficially,
resembling cantharides, but when dissolved forming a brilliant dark
red. It consists of a hydrochloride or acetate of rosaniline. See
<u>Rosaniline</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*civ"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Fucus</i> +
L. <i>vorare</i> to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Eating fucus or
other seaweeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Fucus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Properly, belonging
to an order of alga: (<i>Fucoide&aelig;</i>) which are blackish in
color, and produce o&ouml;spores which are not fertilized until they
have escaped from the conceptacle. The common rockweeds and the
gulfweed (<i>Sargassum</i>) are fucoid in character.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a vague sense, resembling seaweeds, or of
the nature of seaweeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"coid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant,
whether recent or fossil, which resembles a seaweed. See
<u>Fucoid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*coid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Fucoid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Containing impressions of
fossil fucoids or seaweeds; as, fucoidal sandstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fuci</b></plw> (#). [L. rock lichen, orchil, used as a red
dye, red or purple color, disguise, deceit.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A paint; a dye; also, false show.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of tough, leathery
seaweeds, usually of a dull brownish green color; rockweed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly most marine alg&aelig; were called
<i>fuci</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Fu"cu*sol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fucus</i> + L.
<i>oleum</i> oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oily liquid, resembling,
and possibly identical with, furfurol, and obtained from fucus, and
other seaweeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The tail of a hare, coney, etc.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Woolen waste, for mixing with mungo and
shoddy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fud"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Fodder</u>,
a weight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fud"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.,</i></pos> <u>Fuddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fuddling</u> (?).] [Perh. formed as a kind of dim. of full.  Cf.
<u>Fuzzle</u>.] <def>To make foolish by drink; to cause to become
intoxicated.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am too <i>fuddled</i> to take care to observe your
orders.</blockquote> <i>Steele.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fud"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drink to
excess.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Fud"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drunkard.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fudge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. F.
<i>fuche</i>, <i>feuche</i>, an interj. of contempt.] <def>A made-up
story; stuff; nonsense; humbug; -- often an exclamation of
contempt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fudge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fudged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fudging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make up; to devise; to
contrive; to fabricate; as, he never did the experiment, and merely
<i>fudged</i> the data.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fudged</i> up into such a smirkish
liveliness.</blockquote> <i>N. Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To foist; to interpolate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That last "suppose" is <i>fudged</i> in.</blockquote>
<i>Foote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fudge" wheel"</hw> (?). <i>(Shoemaking)</i> <def>A tool for
ornamenting the edge of a sole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*e"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Terra del Fuego.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native of Terra del Fuego.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>fouail</i>,
<i>fuail</i>, or <i>fouaille</i>, <i>fuaille</i>, LL.
<i>focalium</i>, <i>focale</i>, fr. L. <i>focus</i> hearth,
fireplace, in LL., fire. See <u>Focus</u>.] [Formerly written also
<i>fewel.</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any matter used to produce
heat by burning; that which feeds fire; combustible matter used for
fires, as wood, coal, peat, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that serves to feed or increase
passion or excitement.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Artificial fuel</b></col>, <cd>fuel consisting of small
particles, as coal dust, sawdust, etc., consolidated into lumps or
blocks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fu"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
feed with fuel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Never, alas I the dreadful name,<BR>
That <i>fuels</i> the infernal flame.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To store or furnish with fuel or
firing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Well watered and well <i>fueled</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"el*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, supplies fuel.</def> [R.] [Written also <i>fueller</i>.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fu*e"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr. L.
<i>forum</i>.] <i>(Sp. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A code; a
charter; a grant of privileges.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
custom having the force of law.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
declaration by a magistrate.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A place
where justice is administered.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The
jurisdiction of a tribunal.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Of imitative
origin.  Cf. <u>Puff</u>.] <def>To puff.</def> [Prov. Eng. A Local,
U. S.]  <i>Halliwel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fuff"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Light; puffy.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Fu"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A fugue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*ga"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fugax</i>,
<i>fugacis</i>, from <i>fugere</i>: cf. F. <i>fugace</i>. See
<u>Fugitive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flying, or disposed to fly;
fleeing away; lasting but a short time; volatile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Much of its possessions is so hid, so fugacious, and
of so uncertain purchase.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Fleeting; lasting but a
short time; -- applied particularly to organs or parts which are
short-lived as compared with the life of the individual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*ga"cious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Fugacity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fu*gac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L
<i>fugacitas</i>: cf. F. <i>fugacit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being fugacious; fugaclousness; volatility; as,
<i>fugacity</i> of spirits.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uncertainty; instability.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ga*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Banishment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fu*ga"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>in the gugue style, but not strictly like a fugue.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A composition resembling a fugue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fugh</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An exclamation
of disgust; foh; faugh.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fu*ghet"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>a short, condensed fugue.</def>  <i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"gi*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fugitif</i>,
F. <i>fugitif</i>, fr. L. <i>fugitivus</i>, fr. <i>fugere</i> to
flee. See <u>Bow</u> to bend, and cf. <u>Feverfew</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fleeing from pursuit, danger, restraint,
etc., escaping, from service, duty etc.; as, a <i>fugitive</i>
solder; a <i>fugitive</i> slave; <i>a fugitive</i> debtor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fugitive</i> Parthians follow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can a <i>fugitive</i> daughter enjoy herself while her
parents are in tear?</blockquote> <i>Richardson</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A libellous pamphlet of a fugitive
physician.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not fixed; not durable; liable to
disappear or fall away; volatile; uncertain; evanescent; liable to
fade; -- applied to material and immaterial things; as,
<i>fugitive</i> colors; a <i>fugitive</i> idea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The me more tender and fugitive parts, the leaves . .
. of vegatables.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fugitive compositions</b></col>, <cd>Such as are short and
occasional, and so published that they quickly escape
notice.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fleeting; unstable; wandering; uncertain; volatile;
fugacious; fleeing; evanescent.</p>

<p><hw>Fu"gi*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who flees from pursuit, danger, restraint, service, duty,
etc.; a deserter; as, a <i>fugitive</i> from justice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something hard to be caught or
detained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or Catch that airy <i>fugitive</i> called
wit.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fugitive from justice</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one who,
having committed a crime in one jurisdiction, flees or escapes into
another to avoid punishment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fu"gi*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fugitive
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"gi*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being fugitive; evanescence; volatility; fugacity;
instability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To maneuver; to
move hither and thither.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wooden arms with elbow joints jerking and
<i>fugling</i> in the<BR>
air.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"gle*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fuglemen</b></plw> (#). [G. <i>fl&uuml;gelmann</i> file
leader; <i>fl&uuml;gel</i> wing (akin to E. fly) + <i>mann</i> man.
Cf. <u>Flugrelman</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
soldier especially expert and well drilled, who takes his place in
front of a military company, as a guide for the others in their
exercises; a file leader. He originally stood in front of the right
wing.</def> [Written also <i>flugelman</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, one who leads the way.</def>
[Jocose]</p>

<p><hw>Fugue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It. <i>fuga</i>,
fr. L. <i>fuga</i> a fleeing, flight, akin to <i>fugere</i> to fiee.
See <u>Fugitive</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A polyphonic composition,
developed from a given theme or themes, according to strict
contrapuntal rules. The theme is first given out by one voice or
part, and then, while that pursues its way, it is repeated by another
at the interval of a fifth or fourth, and so on, until all the parts
have answered one by one, continuing their several melodies and
interweaving them in one complex progressive whole, in which the
theme is often lost and reappears.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All parts of the scheme are eternally chasing each
other, like the parts of a <i>fugue</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"guist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
musician who composes or performs fugues.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>-ful</hw> (?). [See <u>Full</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A
suffix signifying <i>full of</i>, <i>abounding with</i>; as,
boast<i>ful</i>, harm<i>ful</i>, woe<i>ful</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"lahs`</hw>, <hw>Foo"lahs`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos>; sing. <singw><b>Fulah</b></singw>,
<singw><b>Foolah</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A peculiar
African race of uncertain origin, but distinct from the negro tribes,
inhabiting an extensive region of Western Soudan. Their color is
brown or yellowish bronze. They are Mohammedans. Called also
<i>Fellatahs</i>, <i>Foulahs</i>, and <i>Fellani</i>. Fulah is also
used adjectively; as, <i>Fulah</i> empire, tribes,
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ful"be</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Fulahs</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ful"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fulcire</i>
to prop.] <def>Capable of being propped up.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"ci*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fulcimentum</i>, fr. <i>fulcire</i> to prop.] <def>A prop; a
fulcrum.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"cra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fulcrum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ful"crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Fulcrum</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Propped; supported by accessory
organs.</def> [R.]  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Furnished with fulcrums.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ful"crum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Fulcra</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Fulcrums</b></plw> (#). [L.,
bedpost, fr. <i>fulcire</i> to prop.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prop or support.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>That by which a lever is
sustained, or about which it turns in lifting or moving a
body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An accessory organ such as a
tendril, stipule, spine, and the like.</def> [R.]  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The horny inferior surface of the lingua of certain
insects.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the small, spiniform
scales found on the front edge of the dorsal and caudal fins of many
ganoid fishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The connective tissue
supporting the framework of the retina of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ful*fill"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fulfilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fulfilling</u>.] [OE. <i>fulfillen</i>, <i>fulfullen</i>, AS.
<i>fulfyllan</i>; <i>ful</i> full + <i>fyllan</i> to fill. See
<u>Full</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Fill</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>fulfil.</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To fill up; to make full or complete.</def> [>Obs.]
"<i>Fulfill</i> her week"  <i>Gen. xxix. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Suffer thou that the children be <i>fulfilled</i>
first, for it is not good to take the bread of children and give to
hounds.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Mark vii. 27).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To accomplish or carry into effect, as an
intention, promise, or prophecy, a desire, prayer, or requirement,
etc.; to complete by performance; to answer the requisitions of; to
bring to pass, as a purpose or design; to effectuate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will, <i>fulfill</i> the desire of them fear
him.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxlv. 199.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here Nature seems <i>fulfilled</i> in all her
ends.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Servants must their masters' minds
<i>fulfill</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful*fill"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
fulfills.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful*fill"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>fulfilment</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of fulfilling; accomplishment;
completion; as, the <i>fulfillment</i> of prophecy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Execution; performance; as, the
<i>fulfillment</i> of a promise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fulgen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>fulgent</u>.]
<def>Brightness; splendor; glitter; effulgence.</def>
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fulgens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, <i>p. pr.</i> of <i>fulgere</i> to flash, glitter,
shine, akin to Gr. &?; to burn. See <u>Phlox</u>, <u>Flagrant</u>.]
<def>Exquisitely bright; shining; dazzling; effulgent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Other Thracians . . . <i>fulgent</i> morions
wore.</blockquote> <i>Glower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"gent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Dazzlingly;
glitteringly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ful"gid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fulgidus</i>.
See <u>Fulgent</u>.] <def>Shining; glittering; dazzling.</def> [R.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful*gid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Splendor;
resplendence; effulgence.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"gor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fulgor</i>, fr.
<i>fulgere</i> to shine.] <def>Dazzling brightness; splendor.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"gu*rant</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fulgurans</i>, <i>p. pr.</i> of <i>fulgurare</i>.]
<def>Lightening.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ful"gu*ra"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Electricity)</i> <def>A spectro-electric tube in which the
decomposition of a liquid by the passage of an electric spark is
observed.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"gu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fulguratus</i>, p. p. of <i>fulgurare</i> to flash, fr.
<i>fulgur</i> lightning, fr. <i>fulgere</i> to shine. See
<u>Fulgent</u>.] <def>To flash as lightning.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ful"gu*ra`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Resembling lightning; -- used to describe intense lancinating
pains accompanying locomotor ataxy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ful"gu*ra`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fulguratio</i>: cf. F. <i>fulguration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of lightening.</def> [R.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Assaying)</i> <def>The sudden brightening
of a fused globule of gold or silver, when the last film of the oxide
of lead or copper leaves its surface; -- also called
<i>blick</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A phenomenon called, by the old chemists,
<i>fulguration</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"gu*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fulguritus</i>, p. p. of <i>fulgurire</i> to strike with
lightning, fr. <i>fulgur</i> lightning: cf. F. <i>fulgurite</i>.]
<def>A vitrified sand tube produced by the striking of lightning on
sand; a lightning tube; also, the portion of rock surface fused by a
lightning discharge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ful"gu*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fulgur</i>.]
<def>Lightning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ful"ham</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named because
supposed to have been chiefly made at Fulham, in Middlesex, Eng.]
<def>A false die.</def> [Cant] [Written also <i>fullam</i>.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu*lig"i*nos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fuliginosit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The condition or quality of being
fuliginous; sootiness; matter deposited by smoke.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fu*lig"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fuliginosus</i>, from <i>fuligo</i> soot: cf. F.
<i>fuligineux</i>. See <u>Fume</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to soot; sooty; dark; dusky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to smoke; resembling
smoke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*lig"i*nous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a smoky
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"li*mart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Foumart</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Full</hw> (f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Fuller</u> (-&etilde;r); superl.
<u>Fullest</u>.] [OE. &amp; AS. <i>ful</i>; akin to OS. <i>ful</i>, D.
<i>vol</i>, OHG. <i>fol</i>, G. <i>voll</i>, Icel. <i>fullr</i>, Sw.
<i>full</i>, Dan. <i>fuld</i>, Goth. <i>fulls</i>, L. <i>plenus</i>,
Gr. <grk>plh`rhs</grk>, Skr. <i>p&umacr;&rsdot;na</i> full,
<i>pr&amacr;</i> to fill, also to Gr. <grk>poly`s</grk> much, E.
<i>poly-</i>, pref., G. <i>viel</i>, AS. <i>fela</i>. &radic;80.  Cf.
<u>Complete</u>, <u>Fill</u>, <u>Plenary</u>, <u>Plenty</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Filled up, having within its limits all that
it can contain; supplied; not empty or vacant; -- said primarily of
hollow vessels, and hence of anything else; as, a cup <i>full</i> of
water; a house <i>full</i> of people.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had the throne been <i>full</i>, their meeting would
not have been regular.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abundantly furnished or provided;
sufficient in quantity, quality, or degree; copious; plenteous;
ample; adequate; as, a <i>full</i> meal; a <i>full</i> supply; a
<i>full</i> voice; a <i>full</i> compensation; a house <i>full</i> of
furniture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not wanting in any essential quality;
complete; entire; perfect; adequate; as, a <i>full</i> narrative; a
person of <i>full</i> age; a <i>full</i> stop; a <i>full</i> face;
the <i>full</i> moon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It came to pass, at the end of two <i>full</i> years,
that Pharaoh<BR>
dreamed.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The man commands<BR>
Like a <i>full</i> soldier.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not<BR>
Request a <i>fuller</i> satisfaction<BR>
Than you have freely granted.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sated; surfeited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>full</i> of the burnt offerings of
rams.</blockquote> <i>Is. i. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having the mind filled with ideas; stocked
with knowledge; stored with information.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reading maketh a <i>full</i> man.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Having the attention, thoughts, etc.,
absorbed in any matter, and the feelings more or less excited by it,
as, to be <i>full</i> of some project.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every one is <i>full</i> of the miracles done by cold
baths on decayed and weak constitutions.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Filled with emotions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heart is so <i>full</i> that a drop overfills
it.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Impregnated; made pregnant.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ilia, the fair, . . . <i>full</i> of
Mars.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At full</b></col>, <cd>when full or complete.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Full age</b></col> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>the age
at which one attains full personal rights; majority; -- in England
and the United States the age of 21 years.</cd> <i>Abbott.</i> --
<col><b>Full and by</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>sailing
closehauled, having all the sails <i>full</i>, and lying as near the
wind as poesible.</cd> -- <col><b>Full band</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>a band in which all the instruments are employed.</cd> --
<col><b>Full binding</b></col>, <cd>the binding of a book when made
wholly of leather, as distinguished from half binding.</cd> --
<col><b>Full bottom</b></col>, <cd>a kind of wig <i>full</i> and
large at the bottom.</cd> -- <col><b>Full</b></col> <col><b>brother
or sister</b></col>, <cd>a brother or sister having the same parents
as another.</cd> -- <col><b>Full cry</b></col> <i>(Hunting)</i>,
<cd>eager chase; -- said of hounds that have caught the scent, and
give tongue together.</cd> -- <col><b>Full dress</b></col>, <cd>the
dress prescribed by authority or by etiquette to be worn on occasions
of ceremony.</cd> -- <col><b>Full hand</b></col> <i>(Poker)</i>,
<cd>three of a kind and a pair.</cd> -- <col><b>Full moon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The moon with its whole disk illuminated, as
when opposite to the sun.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The time when
the moon is full.</cd> -- <col><b>Full organ</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>the organ when all or most stops are out.</cd> -- <col><b>Full
score</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a score in which all the parts for
voices and instruments are given.</cd> -- <col><b>Full sea</b></col>,
<cd>high water.</cd> -- <col><b>Full swing</b></col>, <cd>free
course; unrestrained liberty; "Leaving corrupt nature to . . . the
<i>full swing</i> and freedom of its own extravagant actings." South
(Colloq.)</cd> -- <col><b>In full</b></col>, <cd>at length;
uncontracted; unabridged; written out in words, and not indicated by
figures.</cd> -- <col><b>In full blast</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Blast</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 602 !></p>

<p><hw>Full</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Complete measure;
utmost extent; the highest state or degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The swan's-down feather,<BR>
That stands upon the swell at <i>full</i> of tide.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Full of the moon</b></col>, <cd>the time of full
moon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Full</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Quite; to the same
degree; without abatement or diminution; with the whole force or
effect; thoroughly; completely; exactly; entirely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pawn I proffer shall be <i>full</i> as
good.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The diapason closing <i>full</i> in man.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Full</i> in the center of the sacred
wood.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Full is placed before adjectives and adverbs to heighten or
strengthen their signification. "Full sad." <i>Milton.</i> "Master of
a <i>full</i> poor cell." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Full</i> many a gem of
purest ray serene." <i>T. Gray.</i></p>

<p><i>Full</i> is also prefixed to participles to express utmost
extent or degree; as, <i>full</i>-bloomed, <i>full</i>-blown,
<i>full</i>-crammed <i>full</i>-grown, <i>full</i>-laden,
<i>full</i>-stuffed, etc. Such compounds, for the most part, are
self-defining.</p>

<p><hw>Full</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become full or
wholly illuminated; as, the moon fulls at midnight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Full</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fulled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fulling</u>.] [OE. <i>fullen</i>, OF. <i>fuler</i>, <i>fouler</i>,
F. <i>fouler</i>, LL. <i>fullare</i>, fr. L. <i>fullo</i> fuller,
cloth fuller, cf. Gr. &?; shining, white, AS. <i>fullian</i> to
whiten as a fuller, to baptize, <i>fullere</i> a fuller.  Cf.
<u>Defile</u> to foul, <u>Foil</u> to frustrate, <u>Fuller</u>.
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <def>To thicken by moistening, heating, and
pressing, as cloth; to mill; to make compact; to scour, cleanse, and
thicken in a mill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Full</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become fulled or
thickened; as, this material <i>fulls</i> well.</def></p>

<p><hw>Full"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The money or
price paid for fulling or cleansing cloth.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"lam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A false die. See
<u>Fulham</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Full"-blood`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a full supply of blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of pure blood; thoroughbred; as, a
<i>full-blooded</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Full"-bloomed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
perfect blossom.</def> "<i>Full-bloomed</i> lips."
<i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Full"-blown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fully expanded, as a blossom; as, a <i>full-bloun</i>
rose.</def>  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fully distended with wind, as a
sail.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Full"-bot"tomed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full and large at the bottom, as wigs worn by
certain civil officers in Great Britain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Of great capacity below the
water line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Full"-butt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With direct
and violent opposition; with sudden collision.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Full`-drive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With full
speed.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Full"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fullere</i>,
fr. L. <i>fullo</i>. See <u>Full</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>One whose occupation is to full cloth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fuller's earth</b></col>, <cd>a variety of clay, used in
scouring and cleansing cloth, to imbibe grease.</cd> --
<col><b>Fuller's herb</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the soapwort
(<i>Saponaria officinalis</i>), formerly used to remove stains from
cloth.</cd> -- <col><b>Fuller's thistle or weed</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the teasel (<i>Dipsacus fullonum</i>) whose burs
are used by fullers in dressing cloth. See <u>Teasel</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Full"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Full</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Blacksmith's Work)</i> <def>A die; a half-
round set hammer, used for forming grooves and spreading iron; --
called also a <i>creaser</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Full"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form a groove or
channel in, by a fuller or set hammer; as, to <i>fuller</i> a
bayonet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Full"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Fulleries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The place or the works where
the fulling of cloth is carried on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Full"-formed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full in form
or shape; rounded out with flesh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>full-formed</i> maids of Afric.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Full"-grown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
reached the limits of growth; mature.</def> "<i>Full-grown</i>
wings."  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Full"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
courage or confidence.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Full"-hot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very
fiery.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Full"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of
cleansing, shrinking, and thickening cloth by moisture, heat, and
pressure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fulling mill</b></col>, <cd>a mill for fulling cloth as by
means of pesties or stampers, which alternately fall into and rise
from troughs where the cloth is placed with hot water and fuller's
earth, or other cleansing materials.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Full"-manned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Completely
furnished wiith men, as a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Full"mart"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Foumart</u>.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Full"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
full, or of abounding; abundance; completeness.</def> [Written also
<i>fulness</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"In thy presence is <i>fullness</i> of
joy."</blockquote> <i>Ps. xvi. 11.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful*lon"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fullonicus</i>, from fullo a cloth fuller.] <def>Pertaining to a
fuller of cloth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Full"-orbed`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
orb or disk complete or fully illuminated; like the full
moon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Full"-sailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having all
its sails set,; hence, without restriction or reservation.</def>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Full"-winged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having large and strong or complete
wings.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ready for flight; eager.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a full manner
or degree; completely; entirely; without lack or defect; adequately;
satisfactorily; as, to be <i>fully</i> persuaded of the truth of a
proposition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fully committed</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>committed to
prison for trial, in distinction from being detained for
examination.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Completely; entirely; maturely; plentifully;
abundantly; plenteously; copiously; largely; amply; sufficiently;
clearly; distinctly; perfectly.</p>

<p><hw>Ful"mar</hw> (f&ubreve;lm&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>f&umacr;lm&amacr;r</i>. See <u>foul</u>, and <u>Man</u> a gull.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species of sea birds, of the
family <i>Procellariid&aelig;</i>, allied to the albatrosses and
petrels. Among the well-known species are the arctic fulmar
(<i>Fulmarus glacialis</i>) (called also <i>fulmar petrel</i>,
<i>malduck</i>, and <i>mollemock</i>), and the giant fulmar
(<i>Ossifraga gigantea</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ful"mi*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fulminans</i>, <i>p. pr.</i> of <i>fulminare</i> to lighten: cf.
F. <i>fulminant</i>.] <def>Thundering; fulminating.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fulminated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fulminating</u>.] [L. <i>fulminatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>fulminare</i> to lighten, strike with lightning, fr. <i>fulmen</i>
thunderbolt, fr. <i>fulgere</i> to shine. See <u>Fulgent</u>, and cf.
<u>Fulmine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To thunder; hence, to make a
loud, sudden noise; to detonate; to explode with a violent
report.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To issue or send forth decrees or censures
with the assumption of supreme authority; to thunder forth
menaces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ful"mi*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to explode.</def>  <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter or send out with denunciations or
censures; -- said especially of menaces or censures uttered by
ecclesiastical authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>fulminated</i> the most hostile of all
decrees.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. P.
<i>fulminate</i>. See <u>Fulminate</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A salt of fulminic acid. See
under <u>Fulminic</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A fulminating
powder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fulminate of gold</b></col>, <cd>an explosive compound of
gold; -- called also <i>fulminating gold</i>, and <i>aurum
fulminans</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ful"mi*na"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thundering; exploding in a peculiarly sudden
or violent manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hurling denunciations, menaces, or
censures.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fulminating oil</b></col>, <cd>nitroglycerin.</cd> --
<col><b>Fulminating powder</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>any violently
explosive powder, but especially one of the fulminates, as mercuric
fulminate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ful"mi*na`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fulminatio</i> a darting of lightning: cf. F. <i>fulmination</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of fulminating or exploding;
detonation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of thundering forth threats or
censures, as with authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is fulminated or thundered
forth; vehement menace or censure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fulminations</i> from the Vatican were turned
into ridicule.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"mi*na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fulminatoire</i>.] <def>Thundering; striking terror.</def>
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fulminer</i>. See <u>Fulminate</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To
thunder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser. Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"mine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shoot; to dart
like lightning; to fulminate; to utter with authority or
vehemence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>fulmined</i> out her scorn of laws
Salique.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful*min"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. fulmen
thunder.] <def>Of, or concerning thunder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ful*min"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fulminique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to fulmination; detonating;
specifically <i>(Chem.)</i>, pertaining to, derived from, or
denoting, an acid, so called; as, <i>fulminic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fulminic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a complex
acid, H<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, isomeric
with cyanic and cyanuric acids, and not known in the free state, but
forming a large class of highly explosive salts, the fulminates. Of
these, <u>mercuric fulminate</u>, the most common, is used, mixed
with niter, to fill percussion caps, charge cartridges, etc.
Fulminic acid is made by the action of nitric acid on
alcohol.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ful"mi*nu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Fulmin</i>ic
+ cya<i>nuric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to fulminic and
cyanuric acids, and designating an acid so called.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fulminuric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white,
crystalline, explosive substance,
H<sub>3</sub>C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, forming well
known salts, and obtained from the fulminates. It is isomeric with
cyanuric acid, and hence is also called isocyanuric acid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ful"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fullness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ful*sam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Fulsome</u>.] <def>Fulsome.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ful"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Full</i>, a. +
<i>-some</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full; abundant; plenteous; not
shriveled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His lean, pale, hoar, and withered corpse grew
<i>fulsome</i>, fair, and fresh.</blockquote> <i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Offending or disgusting by overfullness,
excess, or grossness; cloying; gross; nauseous; esp., offensive from
excess of praise; as, <i>fulsome</i> flattery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And lest the <i>fulsome</i> artifice should fail<BR>
Themselves will hide its coarseness with a veil.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lustful; wanton; obscene; also, tending to
obscenity.</def> [Obs.] "Fulsome ewes."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ful"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ful"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"vid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>fulvidus</i>,
fr. L. <i>fulvus</i>.] <def>Fulvous.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ful"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fulvus</i>.]
<def>Tawny; dull yellow, with a mixture of gray and brown.</def>
<i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fum</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play upon a
fiddle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Follow me, and <i>fum</i> as you go.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu*ma"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Fume.]
<def>Smoky; hence, fond of smoking; addicted to smoking
tobacco.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*made"</hw> (?), <hw>Fu*ma"do</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Fumades</b></plw> (#),
<plw><b>Fumadoes</b></plw> (#). [Sp. <i>fumodo</i> smoked, p. p. of
<i>fumar</i> to smoke, fr. L. <i>fumare</i>. See <u>Fume</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A salted and smoked fish, as the
pilchard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"mage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>fumage</i>,
<i>fumaige</i>, fr. L. <i>fumus</i> smoke.] <def>Hearth
money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fumage</i>, or fuage, vulgarly called smoke
farthings.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ma*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of fumaric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*mar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, fumitory (<i>Fumaria
officinalis</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fumaric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a widely
occurring organic acid, extracted from fumitory as a white
crystallline substance,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>(CO<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>2</sub>, and produced
artificially in many ways, as by the distillation of malic acid;
boletic acid. It is found also in the lichen, Iceland moss, and hence
was also called <i>lichenic acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ma*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fumus</i>
smoke, fume.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid extracted from
fumitory, as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ma*role</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>fumaruola</i>, fr. <i>fumo</i> smoke, L. <i>fumus</i>: cf. F.
<i>fumerolle</i>, <i>fumarolle</i>.] <def>A hole or spot in a
volcanic or other region, from which fumes issue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ma*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fumitory</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fumbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fumbling</u> (?).] [Akin to D. <i>fommelen</i> to crumple, fumble,
Sw. <i>fumla</i> to fusuble, <i>famla</i> to grope, Dan. <i>famle</i>
to grope, <i>fumble</i>, Icel. <i>falme</i>, AS. <i>folm</i> palm of
the hand. See <u>Feel</u>, and cf. <u>Fanble</u>, <u>Palm</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel or grope about; to make awkward
attempts to do or find something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adams now began to <i>fumble</i> in his
pockets.</blockquote> <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grope about in perplexity; to seek
awkwardly; as, to <i>fumble</i> for an excuse.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My understanding flutters and my memory
<i>fumbles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Alas! how he <i>fumbles</i> about the
domains.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To handle much; to play childishly; to
turn over and over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw him <i>fumble</i> with the sheets, and play with
flowers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To handle or manage
awkwardly; to crowd or tumble together.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fum"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
fumbles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fum"bling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of one who fumbles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fume</hw> (f&umacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fumus</i>;
akin to Skr. <i>dh&umacr;ma</i> smoke, <i>dh&umacr;</i> to shake, fan
a flame, cf. Gr. <grk>qy`ein</grk> to sacrifice, storm, rage,
<grk>qy`mon</grk>, <grk>qy`mos</grk>, thyme, and perh. to E. dust:
cf. OF. <i>fum</i> smoke, F. <i>fum&eacute;e</i>.  Cf. <u>Dust</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Femerell</u>, <u>Thyme</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exhalation; volatile matter (esp. noxious
vapor or smoke) ascending in a dense body; smoke; vapor; reek; as,
the <i>fumes</i> of tobacco.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fumes</i> of new shorn hay.</blockquote> <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fumes</i> of undigested wine.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rage or excitement which deprives the mind
of self-control; as, the fumes of passion.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything vaporlike, unsubstantial, or
airy; idle conceit; vain imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A show of fumes and fancies.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The incense of praise; inordinate
flattery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To smother him with <i>fumes</i> and
eulogies.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In a fume</b></col>, <cd>in ill temper, esp. from
impatience.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fume</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fumed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fuming</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>fumer</i>, L. <i>fumare</i> to smoke. See
<u>Fume</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To smoke;
to throw off fumes, as in combustion or chemical action; to rise up,
as vapor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the golden altar <i>fumed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Silenus lay,<BR>
Whose constant cups lay <i>fuming</i> to his brain.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be as in a mist; to be dulled and
stupefied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep his brain <i>fuming</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass off in fumes or vapors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their parts are kept from <i>fuming</i> away by their
fixity.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be in a rage; to be hot with
anger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He frets, he <i>fumes</i>, he stares, he stamps the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While her mother did fret, and her father did
<i>fume</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fume away</b></col>, <cd>to give way to excitement and
displeasure; to storm; also, to pass off in fumes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fume</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
expose to the action of fumes; to treat with vapors, smoke, etc.; as,
to bleach straw by <i>fuming</i> it with sulphur; to fill with fumes,
vapors, odors, etc., as a room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>fumed</i> the temple with an odorous
flame.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To praise inordinately; to
flatter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They demi-deify and <i>fume</i> him so.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw off in vapor, or as in the form
of vapor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heat will <i>fume</i> away most of the
scent.</blockquote> <i>Montimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How vicious hearts <i>fume</i> frenzy to the
brain!</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fume"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
fumes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fum"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One that fumes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who makes or uses perfumes.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Embroiderers, feather makers,
<i>fumers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"mer*ell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>See <u>Femerell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"met</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>fumier</i>
dung, OF. <i>femier</i>, fr. L. <i>fimus</i> dung.] <def>The dung of
deer.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fu"met</hw> (?) <hw>||Fu*mette"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fumet</i> odor, <i>fume</i> of wine or
meat, fr. L. <i>fumus</i> smoke. See <u>Fume</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The stench or high flavor of game or other
meat when kept long.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"me*tere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Fumitory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fu"mid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fumidus</i>, fr.
<i>fumus</i> smoke. See <u>Fume</u>.] <def>Smoky; vaporous.</def>
<i>Sir T. Broune.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fu*mid"i*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Fu"mid*ness</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being fumid;
smokiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*mif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fumifer</i>; <i>fumus</i> smoke + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<def>Producing smoke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*mif"u*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fumus</i>
smoke + <i>fugare</i> to put to flight, fugere to flee.] <def>One
who, or that which, drives away smoke or fumes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"mi*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Fume</i> + <i>-
fy</i>.] <def>To subject to the action of smoke.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"mi*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fumigans</i>,
<i>p. pr.</i> of <i>fumigare</i>. See <u>Fumigate</u>.]
<def>Fuming.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fu"mi*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fumigated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fumigating</u> (?).] [L. <i>fumigate</i>, p. p. of
<i>fumigare</i> to fumigate, fr. <i>fumus</i> smoke. See <u>Fume</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To apply smoke to; to
expose to smoke or vapor; to purify, or free from infection, by the
use of smoke or vapors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To smoke; to perfume.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fum`iga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fumigation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of fumigating, or applying smoke
or vapor, as for disinfection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vapor raised in the process of
fumigating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"mi*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, fumigates; an apparattus for fumigating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"mi*ga*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fumigatoire</i>.] <def>Having the quality of purifying by
smoke.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 603 !></p>

<p><hw>Fum"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Smokily; with
fume.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fum"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing fumes, or
vapors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cadet's fuming liquid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>alkarsin.</cd> -- <col><b>Fuming liquor of Libavius</b></col>
<i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>stannic chloride; the chloride of tin,
SnCl<sub>4</sub>, forming a colorless, mobile liquid which fumes in
the air. Mixed with water it solidifies to the so-called <i>butter of
tin</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fuming sulphuric acid</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Disulphuric acid</i>, uder
<u>Disulphuric</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fum"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fuming
manner; angrily.</def> "They answer <i>fumingly</i>."
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fum"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Smoky; hot;
choleric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fum"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Choler;
fretfulness; passion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"mi*ter`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Fumitory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fu"mi*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>fumetere</i>, F. <i>fumeterre</i>, prop., smoke of the ground, fr.
L. <i>fumus</i> smoke + <i>terra</i> earth. See <u>Fume</u>, and
<u>Terrace</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The common uame of several
species of the genus Fumaria, annual herbs of the Old World, with
finely dissected leaves and small flowers in dense racemes or spikes.
<i>F. officinalis</i> is a common species, and was formerly used as
an antiscorbutic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Climbing fumitory</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
Alleghany vine (<i>Adlumia cirrhosa</i>); a biennial climbing plant
with elegant feathery leaves and large clusters of pretty white or
pinkish flowers looking like grains of rice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fum"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A hinny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*mos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>fumosit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The fumes of drink.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fum"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fumosus</i>, fr.
<i>fumus</i> smoke: cf. F. <i>fumeux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Producing smoke; smoky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing fumes; full of fumes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Garlic, onions, mustard, and such-like fumous
things.</blockquote> <i>Barough (1625).</i></p>

<p><hw>Fum"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing fumes;
fumous.</def> "Drowned in <i>fumy</i> wine."  <i>H. Brooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. of Celtic origin;
cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>fonn</i> pleasure.] <def>Sport; merriment;
frolicsome amusement.</def> "Oddity, frolic, and <i>fun</i>."
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make fun of</b></col>, <cd>to hold up to, or turn into,
ridicule.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fu*nam"bu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Funambulo</u>.] <def>To walk or to dance on a rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*nam"bu*la`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Ropedancing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*nam"bu*la`to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Performing like a ropedancer.</def>
<i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Narrow, like the walk of a
ropedancer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This funambulatory track.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu*nam"bu*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
ropewalker or ropedancer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Fu*nam"bu*lo</hw> (?), <hw>||Fu*nam"bu*lus</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>funambulo</i>, or It. <i>funambolo</i>,
fr. L. <i>funambulus</i>; funis rope (perh. akin to E. <i>bind</i>) +
<i>ambulare</i> to walk. See <u>Amble</u>, and cf.
<u>Funambulist</u>.] <def>A ropewalker or ropedancer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Func"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>functio</i>,
fr. <i>fungi</i> to perform, execute, akin to Skr. <i>bhuj</i> to
enjoy, have the use of: cf. F. <i>fonction</i>.  Cf. <u>Defunct</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of executing or performing any duty,
office, or calling; performance.</def> "In the <i>function</i> of his
public calling."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The appropriate action
of any special organ or part of an animal or vegetable organism; as,
the <i>function</i> of the heart or the limbs; the <i>function</i> of
leaves, sap, roots, etc.; life is the sum of the <i>functions</i> of
the various organs and parts of the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The natural or assigned action of any
power or faculty, as of the soul, or of the intellect; the exertion
of an energy of some determinate kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the mind opens, and its <i>functions</i>
spread.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The course of action which peculiarly
pertains to any public officer in church or state; the activity
appropriate to any business or profession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tradesmen . . . going about their
<i>functions</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The malady which made him incapable of performing
his<BR>
regal <i>functions.</i></blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A quantity so connected
with another quantity, that if any alteration be made in the latter
there will be a consequent alteration in the former. Each quantity is
said to be a <i>function</i> of the other. Thus, the circumference of
a circle is a <i>function</i> of the diameter. If <i>x</i> be a
symbol to which different numerical values can be assigned, such
expressions as x<sup>2</sup>, 3<sup>x</sup>, Log. <i>x</i>, and Sin.
<i>x</i>, are all <i>functions</i> of <i>x</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Algebraic function</b></col>, <cd>a quantity whose
connection with the variable is expressed by an equation that
involves only the algebraic operations of addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division, raising to a given power, and extracting a
given root; -- opposed to <i>transcendental function</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Arbitrary function</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Arbitrary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Calculus of functions</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Calculus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Carnot's
function</b></col> <i>(Thermo-dynamics)</i>, <cd>a relation between
the amount of heat given off by a source of heat, and the work which
can be done by it. It is approximately equal to the mechanical
equivalent of the thermal unit divided by the number expressing the
temperature in degrees of the air thermometer, reckoned from its zero
of expansion.</cd> -- <col><b>Circular functions</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Inverse trigonometrical functions</i> (below). -- Continuous
function, a quantity that has no interruption in the continuity of
its real values, as the variable changes between any specified
limits.</cd> -- <col><b>Discontinuous function</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Discontinuous</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Elliptic
functions</b></col>, <cd>a large and important class of functions, so
called because one of the forms expresses the relation of the arc of
an ellipse to the straight lines connected therewith.</cd> --
<col><b>Explicit function</b></col>, <cd>a quantity directly
expressed in terms of the independently varying quantity; thus, in
the equations <i>y = 6x<sup>2</sup></i>, <i>y = 10 -
x<sup>3</sup></i>, the quantity <i>y</i> is an explicit function of
<i>x</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Implicit function</b></col>, <cd>a quantity
whose relation to the variable is expressed indirectly by an
equation; thus, <i>y</i> in the equation <i>x<sup>2</sup> +
y<sup>2</sup> = 100</i> is an implicit function of <i>x</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Inverse trigonometrical functions</b></col>, or
<col><b>Circular function</b></col>, <cd>the lengths of arcs relative
to the sines, tangents, etc. Thus, AB is the arc whose sine is BD,
and (if the length of BD is <i>x</i>) is written sin <sup>-1</sup>x,
and so of the other lines. See <i>Trigonometrical function</i>
(below). Other transcendental functions are the <i>exponential
functions</i>, the <i>elliptic functions</i>, the <i>gamma
functions</i>, the <i>theta functions</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>One-
valued function</b></col>, <cd>a quantity that has one, and only one,
value for each value of the variable.</cd> -- <col><b>Transcendental
functions</b></col>, <cd>a quantity whose connection with the
variable cannot be expressed by algebraic operations; thus, <i>y</i>
in the equation <i>y = 10<sup>x</sup></i> is a transcendental
function of <i>x.</i> See <i>Algebraic function</i> (above).</cd> --
<col><b>Trigonometrical function</b></col>, <cd>a quantity whose
relation to the variable is the same as that of a certain straight
line drawn in a circle whose radius is unity, to the length of a
corresponding are of the circle. Let AB be an arc in a circle, whose
radius OA is unity let AC be a quadrant, and let OC, DB, and AF be
drawnpependicular to OA, and EB and CG parallel to OA, and let OB be
produced to G and F. E Then BD is the sine of the arc AB; OD or EB is
the cosine, AF is the tangent, CG is the cotangent, OF is the secant
OG is the cosecant, AD is the versed sine, and CE is the coversed
sine of the are AB. If the length of AB be represented by <i>x</i>
(OA being unity) then the lengths of Functions. these lines (OA being
unity) are the trigonometrical functions of <i>x</i>, and are written
sin x, cos x, tan x (or tang x), cot x, sec x, cosec x, versin x,
coversin x. These quantities are also considered as functions of the
angle BOA.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Func"tion</hw> (?), <hw>Func"tion*ate</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To execute or perform a function; to transact one's
regular or appointed business.</def></p>

<p><hw>Func"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or connected with, a function or duty;
official.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
function of an organ or part, or to the functions in
general.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Functional disease</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a disease
of which the symptoms cannot be referred to any appreciable lesion or
change of structure; the derangement of an organ arising from a
cause, often unknown, external to itself opposed to <i>organic
disease</i>, in which the organ itself is affected.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Func"tion*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
assign to some function or office.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Func"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
functional manner; as regards normal or appropriate
activity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The organ is said to be <i>functionally</i>
disordered.</blockquote> <i>Lawrence.</i></p>

<p><hw>Func"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Functionaries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>fonctionnaire</i>.]
<def>One charged with the performance of a function or office; as, a
public <i>functionary</i>; secular <i>functionaries</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Func"tion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
function, or of an appropriate organ. Darwin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fund</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>font</i>,
<i>fond</i>, nom. <i>fonz</i>, bottom, ground, F. <i>fond</i> bottom,
foundation, <i>fonds</i> fund, fr. L. <i>fundus</i> bottom, ground,
foundation, piece of land. See <u>Found</u> to establish.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An aggregation or deposit of resources from
which supplies are or may be drawn for carrying on any work, or for
maintaining existence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stock or capital; a sum of money
appropriated as the foundation of some commercial or other operation
undertaken with a view to profit; that reserve by means of which
expenses and credit are supported; as, the <i>fund</i> of a bank,
commercial house, manufacturing corporation, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The stock of a national debt;
public securities; evidences (stocks or bonds) of money lent to
government, for which interest is paid at prescribed intervals; --
called also <i>public funds</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An invested sum, whose income is devoted
to a specific object; as, the <i>fund</i> of an ecclesiastical
society; a <i>fund</i> for the maintenance of lectures or poor
students; also, money systematically collected to meet the expenses
of some permanent object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A store laid up, from which one may draw
at pleasure; a supply; a full provision of resources; as, a
<i>fund</i> of wisdom or good sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An inexhaustible <i>fund</i> of stories.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sinking fund</b></col>, <cd>the aggregate of sums of money
set apart and invested, usually at fixed intervals, for the
extinguishment of the debt of a government, or of a corporation, by
the accumulation of interest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fund</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Funded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Funding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To provide and appropriate a
fund or permanent revenue for the payment of the interest of; to make
permanent provision of resources (as by a pledge of revenue from
customs) for discharging the interest of or principal of; as, to
<i>fund</i> government notes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place in a fund, as money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put into the form of bonds or stocks
bearing regular interest; as, to <i>fund</i> the floating
debt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fund"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being funded, or converted into a fund; convertible into
bonds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun"da*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>fundament</i>, <i>fundement</i>, <i>fondement</i>, OF.
<i>fundement</i>, <i>fondement</i>, F. <i>fondement</i>, fr. L.
<i>fundamentum</i> foundation, fr. <i>fundare</i> to lay the bottom,
to found, fr. <i>fundus</i> bottom. See <u>Fund</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foundation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part of the body on which one sits;
the buttocks; specifically <i>(Anat.)</i>, the anus.</def>
<i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fun`da*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fondamental</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the foundation or basis;
serving for the foundation. Hence: Essential, as an element,
principle, or law; important; original; elementary; as, a
<i>fundamental</i> truth; a <i>fundamental</i> axiom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>fundamental</i> reasons of this
war.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>fundamental</i> antithesis in
nature.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fundamental bass</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the root
note of a chord; a bass formed of the roots or fundamental tones of
the chords.</cd> -- <col><b>Fundamental chord</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a chord, the lowest tone of which is its
root.</cd> -- <col><b>Fundamental colors</b></col>, <cd>red, green,
and violet-blue. See <i>Primary colors</i>, under
<u>Color</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fun"da*men`tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A leading or
primary principle, rule, law, or article, which serves as the
groundwork of a system; essential part, as, the <i>fundamentals</i>
of the Christian faith.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun`da*men"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Primarily;
originally; essentially; radically; at the foundation; in origin or
constituents.</def> "<i>Fundamentally</i> defective."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fund"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Existing in the form of bonds bearing regular interest; as,
<i>funded</i> debt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Invested in public funds; as, funded
money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fund"hold"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>One who has
money invested in the public funds.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fund"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Providing a fund for the payment of the interest or principal of
a debt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Investing in the public funds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Funding system</b></col>, <cd>a system or scheme of
finance or revenue by which provision is made for paying the interest
or principal of a public debt.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fund"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
funds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fun"dus</hw> (f&ubreve;n"d&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L., bottom.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The bottom or base of any hollow
organ; as, the <i>fundus</i> of the bladder; the <i>fundus</i> of the
eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*ne"bri*al</hw> (f&usl;*n&emacr;"br&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>funebris</i> belonging to a funeral, fr.
<i>funus</i> funeral.] <def>Pertaining to a funeral or funerals;
funeral; funereal.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>funebral</i>.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu*ne"bri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Funebrial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fu"ner*al</hw> (f&umacr;"n&etilde;r*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>funeralia</i>, prop. neut. pl. of
<i>funeralis</i> of a funeral, fr. L. <i>funus</i>, <i>funeris</i>,
funeral: cf. F. <i>fun&eacute;railles</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The solemn rites used in the disposition of a dead human body,
whether such disposition be by interment, burning, or otherwise;
esp., the ceremony or solemnization of interment; obsequies; burial;
-- formerly used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>King James his <i>funerals</i> were performed very
solemnly in the collegiate church at Westminster.</blockquote>
<i>Euller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The procession attending the burial of the
dead; the show and accompaniments of an interment.</def> "The long
<i>funerals</i>."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A funeral sermon; -- usually in the
plural.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Giles Lawrence preached his
<i>funerals</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ner*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>funeralis</i>.
See <u>Funeral</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Per. taining to a
funeral; used at the interment of the dead; as, <i>funeral</i> rites,
honors, or ceremonies.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Funeral pile</b></col>, <cd>a structure of combustible
material, upon which a dead body is placed to be reduced to ashes, as
part of a funeral rite; a pyre.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fu"ner*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ner*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>funeratus</i>, p. p. of <i>funerare</i> to funerate, fr.
<i>funus</i>. See <u>Funeral</u>.] <def>To bury with funeral
rites.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu`ner*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>funeratio</i>.] <def>The act of burying with funeral rites.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Knatchbull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu*ne"re*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>funereus</i>, fr. <i>fentus</i> a funeral.] <def>Suiting a
funeral; pertaining to burial; solemn. Hence: Dark; dismal;
mournful.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What seem to us but sad <i>funereal</i> tapers May be
heaven's distant lamps.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Fu*ne"re*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fu*nest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>funestus</i>,
fr. <i>funus</i> a funeral, destruction: cf. F. <i>funeste</i>.]
<def>Lamentable; doleful.</def> [R.] "<i>Funest</i> and direful
deaths."  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A forerunner of something very
<i>funest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fun"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to fungi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fongate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of fungic acid.</def>
[Formerly written also <i>fungiate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Funge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fungus</i>
mushroom, dolt.] <def>A blockhead; a dolt; a fool.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fun"gi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Fungus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fun"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>fungus</i> mushroom: cf. F. <i>fongie</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of simple, stony corals; -- so called because they are
usually flat and circular, with radiating plates, like the gills of a
mushroom. Some of them are eighteen inches in diameter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the <i>Fungid&aelig;</i>, a family of stony
corals.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
<i>Fungid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun"gi*bles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [LL.
(<i>res</i>) <i>fungibiles</i>, probably fr. L. <i>fungi</i> to
discharge. "A barbarous term, supposed to have originated in the use
of the words <i>functionem recipere</i> in the Digeste."
<i>Bouvier</i>. "Called <i>fungibiles</i>, <i>quia una alterius</i>
vice fungitur." <i>John Taylor</i> (1755).  Cf. <u>Function</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Civ. Law)</i> <def>Things which may be
furnished or restored in kind, as distinguished from specific things;
-- called also <i>fungible things</i>.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>Movable goods which may
be valued by weight or measure, in contradistinction from those which
must be judged of individually.</def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fun"gic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fungus</i>
mushroom: cf. F. <i>fungique</i>, <i>fongique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, mushrooms; as, fungic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun"gi*cide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fungi</i> +
<i>-cide</i>, fr. L. <i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>Anything that
kills fungi.</def> -- <wf>Fun`gi*ci"dal</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Fun"gi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Eungus</i> +
<i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>fongiforme</i>.] <def>Shaped like a fungus or
mushroom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fungiform papill&aelig;</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>numerous small, rounded eminences on the upper surface of the
tongue.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fun*gil"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped
like a small fungus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun"gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fungus</i>
mushroom: cf. F, <i>fongine</i>, <i>fungine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A name formerly given to cellulose found in certain fungi and
mushrooms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun"gite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fungus</i>
mushroom: cf. F. <i>pongite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil
coral resembling Fungia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun*giv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fungus</i> + <i>vorare</i> to eat greedily: cf. F.
<i>fongivore</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Eating fungi; -- said of
certain insects and snails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun"goid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Fungus</i> + <i>-
oil</i>: cf. F. <i>fongo&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Like a fungus; fungous;
spongy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun*gol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mycologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun*gol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fungus</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>Mycology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun*gos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fungosit&eacute;</i>, <i>fongosit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality
of that which is fungous; fungous excrescence.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fun"gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fungosus</i>:
cf. F. <i>fungueux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of
fungi; spongy.</def></p>

<p><! p. 604 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Growing suddenly, but not substantial or
durable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Fungi</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Funguses</b></plw> (#). [L.,
a mushroom; perh. akin to a doubtful Gr. &?; sponge, for &?;; if so,
cf. E. <i>sponge</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one
of the Fungi, a large and very complex group of thallophytes of low
organization, -- the molds, mildews, rusts, smuts, mushrooms,
toadstools, puff balls, and the allies of each.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The fungi are all destitute of chorophyll, and, therefore,
to be supplied with elaborated nourishment, must live as saprophytes
or parasites. They range in size from single microscopic cells to
systems of entangled threads many feet in extent, which develop
reproductive bodies as large as a man's head. The vegetative system
consists of septate or rarely unseptate filaments called hyph&aelig;;
the aggregation of hyph&aelig; into structures of more or less
definite form is known as the mycelium. See Fungi, in the
Supplement.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A spongy, morbid growth or
granulation in animal bodies, as the proud flesh of wounds.</def>
<i>Hoblyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Funicular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ni*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>funiculus</i>,
dim. of <i>funis</i> cord, rope: cf. F. <i>funicule</i> funicle (in
sense 2).  Cf. <u>Funambulo</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small cord, ligature, or fiber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The little stalk that
attaches a seed to the placenta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*nic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>funiculaire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of a small cord or
fiber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dependent on the tension of a
cord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a funiculus;
made up of, or resembling, a funiculus, or funiculi; as, a funicular
ligament.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Funicular action</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the force
or action exerted by a rope in drawing together the supports to which
its ends are Fastened, when acted upon by forces applied in a
direction transverse to the rope, as in the archer's bow.</cd> --
<col><b>Funicular curve</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Catenary</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Funicular machine</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>an
apparatus for illustrating certain principles in statics, consisting
of a cord or chain attached at one end to a fixed point, and having
the other passed over a pulley and sustaining a weight, while one or
more other weights are suspended from the cord at points between the
fixed support and the pulley.</cd> -- <col><b>Funicular
polygon</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the polygonal figure assumed by
a cord fastened at its extremities, and sustaining weights at
different points.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fu*nic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forming a
narrow ridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fu*nic"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Funiculi</b></plw> (#). [L., a little cord. See
<u>Funicle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A cord, baud,
or bundle of fibers; esp., one of the small bundles of fibers, of
which large nerves are made up; applied also to different bands of
white matter in the brain and spinal cord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
short cord which connects the embryo of some myriapods with the
amnion.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In Bryozoa, an organ extending
back from the stomach. See <u>Bryozoa</u>, and
<u>Phylactolema</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*nil"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>funis</i>
rope + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling a cord in
toughness and flexibility, as the roots of some endogenous
trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fu"nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a rope. ] <def>A
cord; specifically, the umbilical cord or navel string.</def></p>

<p><hw>Funk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>funke</i> a little
fire; akin to Prov. E. <i>funk</i> touchwood, G. <i>funke</i> spark,
and perh. to Goth. <i>f&?;n</i> fire.] <def>An offensive smell; a
stench.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Funk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To envelop with an
offensive smell or smoke.</def> [Obs.]  <i>King.</i></p>

<p><hw>Funk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
emit an offensive smell; to stink.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be frightened, and shrink back; to
flinch; as, to funk at the edge of a precipice.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To funk out</b></col>, <cd>to back out in a cowardly
fashion.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>funk</i> right out o' political
strife.</blockquote> <i>Lowell (Biglow Papers).</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Funk</hw>, <hw>Funk"ing</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
shrinking back through fear.</def> [Colloq.] "The horrid panic, or
<i>funk</i> (as the men of Eton call it)."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Funk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
characterized by, great fear, or funking.</def> [Colloq. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Fun"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>funel</i>,
<i>fonel</i>, prob. through OF. fr, L. <i>fundibulum</i>,
<i>infundibulum</i>, funnel, fr. <i>infundere</i> to pour in; in in +
<i>fundere</i> to pour; cf. Armor. <i>founil</i> funnel, W.
<i>ffynel</i> air hole, chimney. See <u>Fuse</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vessel of the shape of an
inverted hollow cone, terminating below in a pipe, and used for
conveying liquids into a close vessel; a tunnel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A passage or avenue for a fluid or flowing
substance; specifically, a smoke flue or pipe; the iron chimney of a
steamship or the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Funnel box</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>an apparatus for
collecting finely crushed ore from water.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Funnel stay</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>one of the ropes or
rods steadying a steamer's funnel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fun"nel*form`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the form of a funnel, or tunnel; that is, expanding
gradually from the bottom upward, as the corolla of some flowers;
infundibuliform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fun"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Funnier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Funniest</u>.] [From <u>Fun</u>.]
<def>Droll; comical; amusing; laughable.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Funny bone</b></col>. <cd>See <i>crazy bone</i>, under
<u>Crazy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fun"ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Funnies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A clinkerbuit, narrow boat for
sculling.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Fur</hw> (f&ucirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>furre</i>,
OF.  <i>forre</i>, <i>fuerre</i>, sheath, case, of German origin; cf.
OHG. <i>fuotar</i> lining, case, G. <i>futter</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>f&omacr;&eth;r</i> lining, Goth. <i>f&omacr;dr</i>, scabbard; cf.
Skr. <i>p&amacr;tra</i> vessel, dish. The German and Icel. words also
have the sense, <i>fodder</i>, but this was probably a different word
originally.  Cf. <u>Fodder</u> food, <u>Fother</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, <u>Forel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The short, fine, soft hair of certain animals, growing thick on
the skin, and distinguished from the hair, which is longer and
coarser.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The skins of certain wild animals with the
fur; peltry; as, a cargo of furs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Strips of dressed skins with fur, used on
garments for warmth or for ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Articles of clothing made of
fur; as, a set of <i>furs</i> for a lady (a collar, tippet, or cape,
muff, etc.).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wrapped up in my <i>furs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lady M.
W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any coating considered as resembling
fur</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A coat of morbid matter
collected on the tongue in persons affected with fever.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The soft, downy covering on the skin of a
peach.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The deposit formed on the
interior of boilers and other vessels by hard water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of several patterns or
diapers used as tinctures. There are nine in all, or, according to
some writers, only six.</def>  <i>See Tincture.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
furs; bearing or made of fur; as, a <i>fur</i> cap; the <i>fur</i>
trade.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fur seal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>one of several
species of seals of the genera <i>Callorhinus</i> and
<i>Arclocephalus</i>, inhabiting the North Pacific and the Antarctic
oceans. They have a coat of fine and soft fur which is highly prized.
The northern fur seal (<i>Callorhinus ursinus</i>) breeds in vast
numbers on the Prybilov Islands, off the coast of Alaska; -- called
also <i>sea bear</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fur</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Furred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Furring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To line, face, or cover with
fur; as, <i>furred</i> robes.</def> "You <i>fur</i> your gloves with
reason."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with morbid matter, as the
tongue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>To nail small strips of
board or larger scantling upon, in order to make a level surface for
lathing or boarding, or to provide for a space or interval back of
the plastered or boarded surface, as inside an outer wall, by way of
protection against damp.</def>  <i>Gwill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu*ra"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>furax</i>,
<i>-racis</i> thievish, from <i>fur</i> thief.] <def>Given to theft;
thievish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fu*rac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. furacitas.]
<def>Addictedness to theft; thievishness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fur"be*low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. F.
<i>farbala</i>, equiv. to F. <i>falbala</i>, It.
<i>falbal&agrave;</i>.] <def>A plaited or gathered flounce on a
woman's garment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"be*low</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Furbelowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Furbelowing</u>.] <def>To put a furbelow on; to
ornament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"bish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Furbished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Furbishing</u>.] [OE. <i>forbischen</i>, OF. <i>forbir</i>,
<i>furbir</i>, <i>fourbir</i>, F. <i>fourbir</i>, fr. OHG.
<i>furban</i> to clean. See <u>-ish</u>.] <def>To rub or scour to
brightness; to clean; to burnish; as, to <i>furbish</i> a sword or
spear.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Furbish</i> new the name of John a
Gaunt.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"bish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being furbished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"bish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fourbisseur</i>.] <def>One who furbishes; esp., a sword cutler,
who finishes sword blades and similar weapons.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fur"cate</hw> (?), <hw>Fur"ca*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>furca</i> fork. See <u>Fork</u>.]
<def>Forked; branching like a fork; as, <i>furcate</i>
twigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A branching
like a fork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>furcifer</i> yoke bearer, scoundrel; <i>furca</i> fork, yoke,
fork-shaped instrument of punishment + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<def>Rascally; scandalous.</def> [R.] "<i>Furciferous</i> knaves."
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fur"cu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a forked prop,
dim. of <i>furca</i> a fork.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A forked process;
the wishbone or furculum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like a
fork; furcate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fur"cu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of L.
<i>furca</i> a fork.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The wishbone or
merrythought of birds, formed by the united clavicles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Fardel</u>,
and cf. <u>Furl</u>.] <def>To draw up into a bundle; to roll
up.</def> [Ods.]</p>

<p><hw>||Fur"fur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Scurf;
dandruff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"fu*ra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>furfuraceus</i>.] <def>Made of bran; like bran; scurfy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"fu*ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>furfur</i>
bran.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, oily substance,
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O, obtained by distilling certain organic
substances, as pine wood, salts of pyromucic acid, etc.; -- called
also <i>tetraphenol</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"fu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>furfur</i> bran, scurf.] <def>Falling of scurf from the head;
desquamation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"fu*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white, crystalline base, obtained indirectly from
furfurol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"fu*rol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>furfur</i>
bran + <i>ole</i>um oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless oily
liquid, C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>3</sub>O.CHO, of a pleasant odor, obtained
by the distillation of bran, sugar, etc., and regarded as an aldehyde
derivative of furfuran; -- called also <i>furfural</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"fu*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of bran;
furfuraceous.</def> [R.] "<i>Furfurous</i> bread."  <i>Sydney
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>furialis</i>:
cf. OF. <i>furial</i>.] <def>Furious; raging; tormenting.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu`ri*bun"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>furibundus</i>, fr. <i>furere</i> to rage.] <def>Full of
rage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>G. Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ries</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fury</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"rile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fur</i>furol +
ben<i>zile</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow, crystalline substance,
(C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>3</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>.C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>,
obtained by the oxidation of furoin.</def> [Written also
<i>furil</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Fu*ril"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, furile; as, <i>furilic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fu"ri*o"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>With great force or vigor; vehemently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>furiosus</i>,
fr. <i>furia</i> rage, fury: cf. F. <i>furieux</i>. See <u>Fury</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Transported with passion or fury; raging;
violent; as, a <i>furious</i> animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rushing with impetuosity; moving with
violence; as, a <i>furious</i> stream; a <i>furious</i> wind or
storm.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impetuous; vehement; boisterous; fierce; turbulent;
tumultuous; angry; mad; frantic; frenzied.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Fu"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Fu"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Furl</hw> (f&ucirc;rl), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Furled</u> (f&ucirc;rl); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Furling</u>.] [Contr. fr. <i>furdle</i>, fr.
<i>fardel</i> bundle: cf. F. <i>ferler</i> to furl, OF.
<i>fardeler</i> to pack. See <u>Furdle</u>, <u>Fardel</u>, and cf.
<u>Farl</u>.] <def>To draw up or gather into close compass; to wrap
or roll, as a sail, close to the yard, stay, or mast, or, as a flag,
close to or around its staff, securing it there by a gasket or
line.</def> <i>Totten</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Fur"long</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>furlong</i>,
<i>furlang</i>, AS. <i>furlang</i>, <i>furlung</i>, prop., the length
of a furrow; <i>furh</i> furrow + <i>lang</i> long. See
<u>Furrow</u>, and <u>Long</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A measure
of length; the eighth part of a mile; forty rods; two hundred and
twenty yards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"lough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. D.
<i>verlof</i>, fr. a prefix akin to E. <i>for</i> + the root of E.
<i>lief</i>, and akin to Dan. <i>forlov</i>, Sw. <i>f&ouml;rlof</i>,
G. <i>verlaub</i> permission. See <u>Life</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Leave of absence; especially, leave given to an
officer or soldier to be absent from service for a certain time;
also, the document granting leave of absence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"lough</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Furloughed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Furloughing</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To furnish with
a furlough; to grant leave of absence to, as to an officer or
soldier.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fur"mon*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Fur"mi*ty</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Frumenty</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"nace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fornais</i>,
<i>forneis</i>, OF. <i>fornaise</i>, F. <i>fournaise</i>, from L.
<i>fornax</i>; akin to furnus oven, and prob. to E. <i>forceps</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inclosed place in which heat is produced
by the combustion of fuel, as for reducing ores or melting metals,
for warming a house, for baking pottery, etc.; as, an iron
<i>furnace</i>; a hot-air <i>furnace</i>; a glass <i>furnace</i>; a
boiler <i>furnace</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Furnaces are classified as <i>wind</i> or <i>air</i>.
<i>furnaces</i> when the fire is urged only by the natural draught;
as <i>blast furnaces</i>, when the fire is urged by the injection
artificially of a forcible current of air; and as <i>reverberatory
furnaces</i>, when the flame, in passing to the chimney, is thrown
down by a low arched roof upon the materials operated upon.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place or time of punishment, affiction,
or great trial; severe experience or discipline.</def>  <i>Deut. iv.
20.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bustamente furnace</b></col>, <cd>a shaft furnace for
roasting quicksilver ores.</cd> -- <col><b>Furnace bridge</b></col>,
<cd>Same as <i>Bridge wall</i>.</cd> See <u>Bridge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5. -- <col><b>Furnace</b></col> <col><b>cadmiam
or cadmia</b></col>, <cd>the oxide of zinc which accumulates in the
chimneys of furnaces smelting zinciferous ores.</cd> <i>Raymond.</i>
-- <col><b>Furnace hoist</b></col> <i>(Iron Manuf.)</i>, <cd>a lift
for raising ore, coal, etc., to the mouth of a blast
furnace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fur"nace</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
throw out, or exhale, as from a furnace; also, to put into a
furnace.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>furnaces</i><BR>
The thick sighs from him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"ni*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fourniment</i>. See <u>Furnish</u>.] <def>Furniture.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Furnished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Furnishing</u>.] [OF. <i>furnir</i>, <i>fornir</i>, to
<i>furnish</i>, <i>finish</i>, F. <i>fournir</i>; akin to Pr.
<i>formir</i>, <i>furmir</i>, <i>fromir</i>, to accomplish, satisfy,
fr. OHG. <i>frumjan</i> to further, execute, do, akin to E.
<i>frame</i>. See <u>Frame</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and <u>-
ish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To supply with anything necessary,
useful, or appropriate; to provide; to equip; to fit out, or fit up;
to adorn; as, to <i>furnish</i> a family with provisions; to
<i>furnish</i> one with arms for defense; to <i>furnish</i> a Cable;
to <i>furnish</i> the mind with ideas; to <i>furnish</i> one with
knowledge or principles; to <i>furnish</i> an expedition or
enterprise, a room or a house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That the man of God may be perfect, thoroughly
<i>furnished</i><BR>
unto all good works.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim. iii. 17,</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To offer for use; to provide (something);
to give (something); to afford; as, to <i>furnish</i> food to the
hungry: to <i>furnish</i> arms for defense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye are they . . . that <i>furnish</i> the drink
offering unto that number.</blockquote> <i>Is. lxv. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His writings and his life <i>furnish</i> abundant
proofs that he was not a man of strong sense.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"nish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
furnished as a specimen; a sample; a supply.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Greene.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"nish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
supplies or fits out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"nish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
furnishing, or of supplying furniture; also, furniture.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"ni*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fourniture</i>. See <u>Furnish</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That with which anything is furnished or
supplied; supplies; outfit; equipment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The form and all the <i>furniture</i> of the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The thoughts which make the <i>furniture</i> of their
minds.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Articles used for convenience or
decoration in a house or apartment, as tables, chairs, bedsteads,
sofas, carpets, curtains, pictures, vases, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The necessary appendages to anything, as
to a machine, a carriage, a ship, etc.</def> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The masts and rigging of a ship.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The mountings of a gun.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Builders' hardware such as locks, door and
window trimmings.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Print)</i>
<def>Pieces of wood or metal of a lesser height than the type, placed
around the pages or other matter in a form, and, with the quoins,
serving to secure the form in its place in the chase.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A mixed or compound stop in
an organ; -- sometimes called <i>mixture</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ro*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Furfurol</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, crystalline substance,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, from furfurol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*ro"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>Excitement;
commotion; enthusiasm.</def></p>

<p><! p. 605 !></p>

<p><hw>Fur"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fourreur</i>.] <def>A dealer in furs; one who makes or sells fur
goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"ri*er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furs, in general.</def>  <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The business of a furrier; trade in
furs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Carp.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The leveling of a surface, or
the preparing of an air space, by means of strips of board or of
larger pieces. See <u>Fur</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 3.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The strips thus laid on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>Double planking of a
ship's side.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A deposit from water, as on the inside of
a boiler; also, the operation of cleaning away this
deposit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>forow</i>,
<i>forgh</i>, <i>furgh</i>, AS. <i>furh</i>; akin to D. <i>voor</i>,
OHG. <i>furuh</i>, G. <i>furche</i>, Dan. <i>fure</i>, Sw.
<i>f&?;ra</i>, Icel. for drain, L. <i>porca</i> ridge between two
furrows.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A trench in the earth made by, or
as by, a plow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any trench, channel, or groove, as in wood
or metal; a wrinkle on the face; as, the furrows of age.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Farrow weed</b></col> <cd>a weed which grows on plowed
land.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To draw a straight
furrow</b></col>, <cd>to live correctly; not to deviate from the
right line of duty.</cd> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"row</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Furrowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Furrowing</u>.] [From <u>Furrow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; cf. AS.
<i>fyrian</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut a furrow in; to make
furrows in; to plow; as, to furrow the ground or sea.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark with channels or with
wrinkles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou canst help time to <i>furrow</i> me with
age.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair cheeks were <i>furrowed</i> with hot
tears.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"row*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furrowed.</def>
[R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Fur</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered with fur; dressed in fur.</def>
"<i>Furry</i> nations."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of fur; as, furry spoils.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Resembling fur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"ther</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [A comparative of
forth; OE. <i>further</i>, <i>forther</i>, AS. <i>fur&?;or</i>,
<i>far&?;ur</i>; akin to G. <i>f&uuml;rder</i>. See <u>Forth</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>To a greater distance; in addition;
moreover. See <u>Farther</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Carries us, I know not how much <i>further</i>, into
familiar company.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They sdvanced us far as Eleusis and Thria; but no
<i>further</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Further off</b></col>, <cd>not so near; apart by a greater
distance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fur"ther</hw>, <pos><i>a. compar.</i></pos> [<i>Positive
wanting</i>; <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Furthest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>More remote; at a greater distance; more in
advance; farther; as, the <i>further</i> end of the field. See
<u>Farther</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Beyond; additional; as, a <i>further</i>
reason for this opinion; nothing <i>further</i> to suggest.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The forms <i>further</i> and <i>farther</i> are in general
not differentiated by writers, but <i>further</i> is preferred by
many when application to quantity or degree is implied.</p>

<p><hw>Fur"ther"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Furthered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Furthering</u>.] [OE. <i>furthren</i>, <i>forthren</i>, AS.
<i>fyr&eth;ran</i>, <i>fyr&eth;rian</i>. See <u>Further</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>To help forward; to promote; to advance;
to forward; to help or assist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This binds thee, then, to <i>further</i> my
design.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I should nothing <i>further</i> the weal
public.</blockquote> <i>Robynsom (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"ther*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
furthering or helping forward; promotion; advancement;
progress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know that I shall abide and continue with you all
for your<BR>
<i>furthersnce</i> and joy of faith.</blockquote> <i>Phil. i.
25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Built of <i>furtherance</i> and pursuing, Not of spent
deeds, but of doing.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"ther*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
furthers. or helps to advance; a promoter.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"ther*more"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>or conj.
Moreover; besides; in addition to what has been said.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"ther*most"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Most
remote; furthest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"ther*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
further, advance, or promote; helpful; advantageous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You will not find it <i>furthersome</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"thest</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>superl. Most
remote; most in advance; farthest. See <u>Further</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"thest</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At the greatest
distance; farthest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fur"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>furtivus</i>,
fr. <i>furtum</i> theft, fr. <i>fur</i> thief, akin to <i>ferre</i>
to bear: cf. F. <i>furtif</i>. See <u>Fertile</u>.] <def>Stolen;
obtained or characterized by stealth; sly; secret; stealthy; as, a
furtive look.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A hasty and furtive ceremony.</blockquote>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fur"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Stealthily by
theft.</def>  <i>Lover.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"run*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>furunculus</i> a petty thief, a boil, dim. of <i>fur</i> thief:
cf. F. <i>furoncle</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A superficial,
inflammatory tumor, suppurating with a central core; a
boil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*run"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a furuncle; marked by the presence of
furuncles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fur</i>.] <def>A
thief.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Have an eye to your plate, for there be
<i>furies</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Fleteher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Furies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>furia</i>, fr. <i>furere</i> to
rage: cf. F. <i>furie</i>.  Cf. <u>Furor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Violent or extreme excitement; overmastering agitation or
enthusiasm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her wit began to be with a divine <i>fury</i>
inspired.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Violent anger; extreme wrath; rage; --
sometimes applied to inanimate things, as the wind or storms;
impetuosity; violence.</def> "<i>Fury</i> of the wind."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do oppose my patience to his
<i>fury</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>pl. <i>(Greek Myth.)</i> The avenging
deities, Tisiphone, Alecto, and Meg&aelig;ra; the Erinyes or
Eumenides.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Furies</i>, they said, are attendants on
justice, and if the sun in heaven should transgress his path would
punish him.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the Parc&aelig;, or Fates, esp.
Atropos.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Comes the blind <i>Fury</i> with the abhorred
shears,<BR>
And slits the thin-spun life.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A stormy, turbulent violent woman; a hag;
a vixen; a virago; a termagant.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Anger; indignation; resentment; wrath; ire; rage;
vehemence; violence; fierceness; turbulence; madness; frenzy. See
<u>Anger</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Furze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>firs</i>, As.
<i>fyrs</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A thorny evergreen shrub (<i>Ulex
Europ&aelig;us</i>), with beautiful yellow flowers, very common upon
the plains and hills of Great Britain; -- called also <i>gorse</i>,
and <i>whin</i>. The dwarf furze is <i>Ulex nanus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Furze"chat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The whinchat; -- called also <i>furzechuck</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Furze"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An English warbler (<i>Melizophilus provincialis</i>); -- called
also <i>furze wren</i>, and <i>Dartford warbler</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Furz"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furzy;
gorsy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Furz"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in, or
overgrown with, furze; characterized by furze.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fu"sain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., the spindle
tree; also, charcoal made from it.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Fine charcoal of willow wood, used as a
drawing implement.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A drawing made with
it. See <u>Charcoal</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> 2, and <i>Charcoal
drawing</i>, under <u>Charcoal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"sa*role</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fusarolle</i>, fr. It. <i>fusaruolo</i>, fr. <i>fuso</i> spindle,
shaft of a column. See <u>Fusee</u> a conical wheel.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A molding generally placed under the echinus or quarter round of
capitals in the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders of
architecture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fus*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fuscare</i>,
<i>fuscatum</i>, to make dark, fr. <i>fuscus</i> dark.] <def>A
darkening; obscurity; obfuscation.</def> [R.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fus"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fuscus</i> dark-
colored, tawny.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A brown, nitrogenous
pigment contained in the retinal epithelium; a variety of
melanin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fus"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
dark-colored substance obtained from empyreumatic animal oil.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fus"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fuscus</i>.]
<def>Brown or grayish black; darkish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sad and <i>fuscous</i> colors, as black or brown, or
deep purple<BR>
and the like.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fuse</hw> (f&umacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fused</u> (f&umacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Fusing</u>.] [L. <i>fusus</i>, p. p. of
<i>fundere</i> to pour, melt, cast. See <u>Foundo</u> to cast, and
cf. <i>Futile</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To liquefy by heat; to
render fluid; to dissolve; to melt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite or blend, as if melted
together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose fancy <i>fuses</i> old and new.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fuse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be reduced from a solid to a fluid state by heat; to be melted; to
melt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be blended, as if melted
together.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fusing point</b></col>, <cd>the degree of temperature at
which a substance melts; the point of fusion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fuse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>fusee</i>,
<i>fusil</i>. See 2d <u>Fusil</u>.] <i>(Gunnery, Mining, etc.)</i>
<def>A tube or casing filled with combustible matter, by means of
which a charge of powder is ignited, as in blasting; -- called also
<i>fuzee</i>. See <u>Fuze</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fuse hole</b></col>, <cd>the hole in a shell prepared for
the reception of the fuse.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu*see"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Fusil</u>,
and cf. <u>Fuse</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
flintlock gun. See 2d <u>Fusil</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fuse. See <u>Fuse</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of match for lighting a pipe or
cigar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*see"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>The track of a buck.</def>  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu*see"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fus&eacute;e</i> a
spindleful, fusee, LL. <i>fusata</i>, fr. <i>fusare</i> to use a
spindle, L. <i>fusus</i> spindle.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The cone
or conical wheel of a watch or clock, designed to equalize the power
of the mainspring by having the chain from the barrel which contains
the spring wind in a spiral groove on the surface of the cone in such
a manner that the diameter of the cone at the point where the chain
acts may correspond with the degree of tension of the spring.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A similar wheel used in other
machinery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Fu"sel oil</hw>.
[G. <i>fusel</i> bad liquor.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hot, acrid, oily
liquid, accompanying many alcoholic liquors (as potato whisky, corn
whisky, etc.), as an undesirable ingredient, and consisting of
several of the higher alcohols and compound ethers, but particularly
of amyl alcohol; hence, specifically applied to amyl
alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fusibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
fusible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>fusible</i>.
See <u>Fuse</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>CapabIe of being
melted or liquefied.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fusible metal</b></col>, <cd>any alloy of different metals
capable of being easily fused, especially an alloy of five parts of
bismuth, three of lead, and two of tin, which melts at a temperature
below that of boiling water.</cd> <i>Ure.</i> -- <col><b>Fusible
plug</b></col> <i>(Steam Boiler)</i>, <cd>a piece of easily fusible
alloy, placed in one of the sheets and intended to melt and blow off
the steam in case of low water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fu"si*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fusus</i>
spindle + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>fusiforme</i>.] <def>Shaped like a
spindle; tapering at each end; as, a <i>fusiform</i> root; a
<i>fusiform</i> cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"sil</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fusilis</i>
molten, fluid, fr. <i>fundere</i>, <i>fusum</i>, to pour, cast. See
<u>Fuse</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable
of being melted or rendered fluid by heat; fusible.</def> [R.] "A
kind of <i>fusil</i> marble"  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Running or flowing, as a liquid.</def>
[R.] "A <i>fusil</i> sea."  <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Formed by melting and pouring into a mold;
cast; founded.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"sil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fusil</i>, LL.
<i>fosile</i> a steel for kindling fire, from L. <i>focus</i> hearth,
fireplace, in LL. fire. See <u>Focus</u>, and cf. <u>Fusee</u> a
firelock.] <def>A light kind of flintlock musket, formerly in
use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"sil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Fusee</u>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A bearing of a rhomboidal figure; -- named from
its shape, which resembles that of a spindle.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It differs from a lozenge in being longer in proportion to
its width.</p>

<p><hw>Fu"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Fusil</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fu"sil*eer"</hw>, <hw>Fu"sil*ier"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fusilier</i>, fr. <i>fusil</i>.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, a soldier armed with
a fusil. Hence, in the plural:</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A title
now borne by some regiments and companies; as, "The Royal
<i>Fusiliers</i>," etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"sil*lade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fusillade</i>, cf. It. <i>fucilata</i>. See <u>Fusil</u> a
firelock.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A simultaneous discharge of
firearms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"sil*lade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fusillader</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fusillading</u>.] <def>To shoot down of shoot at by a simultaneous
discharge of firearms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fusio</i>, fr.
<i>fundere</i>, <i>fusum</i> to pour, melt: cf. F. <i>fusion</i>. See
<u>Fuse</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Foison</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or operation of melting or rendering
fluid by heat; the act of melting together; as, the fusion of
metals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being melted or dissolved by
heat; a state of fluidity or flowing in consequence of heat; as,
metals in fusion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The union or blending together of things,
as, melted together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The universal <i>fusion</i> of races, languages, and
customs . . . <BR>
had produced a corresponding <i>fusion</i> of creeds.</blockquote>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Watery fusion</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>the melting of
certain crystals by heat in their own water of
crystallization.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The union, or binding
together, of adjacent parts or tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>f&?;san</i> to
hasten, fr. <i>f&?;s</i> ready, prompt, quick; akin to OS.
<i>f&?;s</i>, OHG. <i>funs</i>, Icel. <i>fuss</i> willing; prob. from
the root of E. <i>find</i>.] <def>Handy; reat; handsome;
notable.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fuss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Fusome</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tumult; a bustle; unnecessary or annoying
ado about trifles.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Zealously, assiduously, and with a minimum of
<i>fuss</i> or noise</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is unduly anxious about
trifles.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am a <i>fuss</i> and I don't deny it.</blockquote>
<i>W. D. Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fuss</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Fussed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fussing</u>.] <def>To be overbusy or unduly anxious about trifles;
to make a bustle or ado.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fuss"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a fussy
manner.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fuss"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being fussy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fuss"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Fussier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl</i></pos> <u>Fussiest</u>.] <def>Making a fuss;
disposed to make an unnecessary ado about trifles; overnice;
fidgety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not at all <i>fussy</i> about his personal
appearance.</blockquote> <i>R. G. White.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fust</hw> (f&ubreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>fust</i>, F. <i>f&ucirc;t</i>, fr. L. <i>fustis</i> stick staff.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The shaft of a column, or trunk of a
pilaster.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fust</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>fust</i> cask, F.
<i>f&ucirc;t</i> cask, taste or smell of the cask, <i>fustiness</i>,
cf. sentir le <i>f&ucirc;t</i> to taste of the cask. See 1st
<u>Fust</u>.] <def>A strong, musty smell; mustiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fust</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become moldy; to
smell ill.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fust"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moldy; ill-
smelling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fus"ter*ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The coloring
matter of fustet.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fus"tet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fustet</i> (cf.
Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>fustete</i>), LL. <i>fustetus</i>, fr. L. <i>fustis</i>
stick, in LL., tree, See <u>1st Fust</u>, and cf. <u>Fustic</u>.]
<def>The wood of the <i>Rhus Cotinus</i> or <i>Venice sumach</i>, a
shrub of Southern Europe, which yields a fine orange color, which,
however, is not durable without a mordant.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fus"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fustan</i>,
<i>fustian</i>, OF. <i>fustaine</i>, F. <i>futaine</i>, It.
<i>fustagno</i>, fr. LL. <i>fustaneum</i>, <i>fustanum</i>; cf. Pr.
<i>fustani</i>, Sp. <i>fustan</i>. So called from
<i>Fust&amacr;t</i>, i. e., Cairo, where it was made.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of coarse twilled cotton or cotton and
linen stuff, including corduroy, velveteen, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inflated style of writing; a kind of
writing in which high-sounding words are used, above the dignity of
the thoughts or subject; bombast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Claudius . . . has run his description into the most
wretched<BR>
<i>fustian</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fus"tian</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made of fustian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pompous; ridiculously tumid; inflated;
bombastic; as, <i>fustian</i> history.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fus"tian*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
fustian.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fus"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fustoc</i>, Sp.
<i>fustoc</i>.  Cf. <u>Fustet</u>.] <def>The wood of the <i>Maclura
tinctoria</i>, a tree growing in the West Indies, used in dyeing
yellow; -- called also <i>old fustic</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>fustoc</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; Other kinds of yellow wood are often called <i>fustic</i>;
as that of species of <i>Xanthoxylum</i>, and especially the <i>Rhus
Cotinus</i>, which is sometimes called <i>young</i> fustic to
distinguish it from the <i>Maclura</i>. See <u>Fustet</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Fus"ti*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fustigare</i>, fr. <i>fustis</i> stick. See <u>1st Fust</u>.]
<def>To cudgel.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fus"ti*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>fustigation</i>.] <def>A punishment by beating with a stick or
club; cudgeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This satire, composed of actual
<i>fustigation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fus"ti*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Fusty</u>.] <def>A low fellow; a stinkard; a scoundrel.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fus"ti*lug`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Fus"ti*lugs`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Fusty</i> + <i>lug</i> something heavy, to
be drawn or carried.] <def>A gross, fat, unwieldy person.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>F. Junius.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fust"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fusty state
or quality; moldiness; mustiness; an ill smell from
moldiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fusty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar</i></pos>. <u>Fustier</u> (#);
<pos><i>superl</i></pos> <u>Fustiest</u>.] [See <u>2d Fust</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moldy; musty; ill-smelling; rank.</def> "A
<i>fusty</i> nut."  "<i>Fusty</i> plebeians."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moping.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>A melancholy, <i>fusty</i> humor.</blockquote>
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>fusura</i>, fr.
<i>fundere</i>, <i>fusum</i>. See <u>Fuse</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Act of fusing; fusion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 606 !></p>

<p><hw>Futch"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The jaws between
which the hinder end of a carriage tongue is inserted.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"tile</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>futilis</i>
that easily pours out, that easily lets loose, vain, worthless, from
the root of <i>fundere</i> to pour out: cf. F. <i>futile</i>. See
<u>Fuse</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Talkative; loquacious; tattling.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Talkers and <i>futile</i> persons.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of no importance; answering no useful end;
useless; vain; worthless.</def> "<i>Futile</i> theories."  <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His reasoning . . . was singularly
<i>futile</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"tile*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a futile
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"til`i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>futilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>futilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being talkative; talkativeness; loquaciousness;
loquacity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of producing no valuable
effect, or of coming to nothing; uselessness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>futility</i> of this mode of
philosophizing.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"til*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Futile;
trifling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Fu"ttock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupted fr.
<i>foothook</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of the crooked timbers
which are scarfed together to form the lower part of the compound rib
of a vessel; one of the crooked transverse timbers passing across and
over the keel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Futtock plates</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>plates of
iron to which the dead-eyes of the topmast rigging are secured.</cd>
-- <col><b>Futtock shrouds</b></col>, <cd>short iron shrouds leading
from the upper part of the lower mast or of the main shrouds to the
edge of the top, or through it, and connecting the topmast rigging
with the lower mast.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"tur*a*ble</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being future; possible to occur.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not only to things future, but
<i>futurable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>futur</i>,
L.  <i>futurus</i>, used as fut. p. of <i>esse</i> to be, but from
the same root as E. <i>be</i>. See <u>Be</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>That is to be or come hereafter; that will exist
at any time after the present; as, the next moment is <i>future</i>,
to the present.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Future tense</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>the tense or
modification of a verb which expresses a future act or
event.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.  <i>futur</i>.
See <u>Future</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Time to come; time subsequent to the
present (as, the <i>future</i> shall be as the present);
collectively, events that are to happen in time to come.</def> "Lay
the <i>future</i> open."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The possibilities of the future; -- used
especially of prospective success or advancement; as, he had great
<i>future</i> before him.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A future tense.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To deal in futures</b></col>, <cd>to speculate on the
future values of merchandise or stocks.</cd> [Brokers' cant]</p>

<p><hw>Fu"ture*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without prospect
of betterment in the future.</def>  <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ture*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In time to
come.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu"tur*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One whose chief interests are in what is to come; one who
anxiously, eagerly, or confidently looks forward to the future; an
expectant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One who believes or
maintains that the fulfillment of the prophecies of the Bible is to
be in the future.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu`tu*ri"tial</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to what is to come; pertaining to futurity;
future.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Fu`tu*ri"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>futurition</i>.] <def>The state of being future; futurity.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing . . . can have this imagined
<i>futurition</i>, but as it is decreed.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fu*tu"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Futurities</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>State of being that is yet to come; future
state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Future time; time to come; the
future.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Event to come; a future event.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>futurities</i> are naked before the All-seeing
Eye.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fuze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tube, filled with
combustible matter, for exploding a shell, etc. See <u>Fuse</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Chemical fuze</b></col>, <cd>a fuze in which substances
separated until required for action are then brought into contact,
and uniting chemically, produce explosion.</cd> -- <col><b>Concussion
fuze</b></col>, <cd>a fuze ignited by the striking of the
projectile.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric fuze</b></col>, <cd>a fuze which
is ignited by heat or a spark produced by an electric current.</cd> -
- <col><b>Friction fuze</b></col>, <cd>a fuze which is ignited by the
heat evolved by friction.</cd> -- <col><b>Percussion fuze</b></col>,
<cd>a fuze in which the ignition is produced by a blow on some
fulminating compound.</cd> -- <col><b>Time fuze</b></col>, <cd>a fuze
adapted, either by its length or by the character of its composition,
to burn a certain time before producing an explosion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fuzz</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
drunk.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fuzz</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E. <i>fuzzy</i>
that ravels (of silk or cotton), D. <i>voos</i> spongy, fungous, G.
<i>faser</i> filament. E. <i>feaze</i> to untwist.] <def>Fine, light
particles or fibers; loose, volatile matter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fuzz ball</b></col>, <cd>a kind of fungus or mushroom,
which, when pressed, bursts and scatters a fine dust; a
puffball.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fuzz</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fly off in minute
particles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fuz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. LG.
<i>fuseln</i> to drink common liquor, fr. <i>fusel</i> bad liquor.]
<def>To make drunk; to intoxicate; to fuddle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fuzz"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Fuzz</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not firmly woven; that
ravels.</def> [Written also <i>fozy</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Furnished with fuzz; having fuzz; like
fuzz; as, the <i>fuzzy</i> skin of a peach.</def></p>

<p><hw>-fy</hw> (?). [Through French verbs in <i>-fier</i>, L. <i>-
ficare</i>, akin to <i>facere</i> to do, make. See <u>Fact</u>.]
<def>A suffix signifying <i>to make</i>, <i>to form into</i>, etc.;
as, aceti<i>fy</i>, ampli<i>fy</i>, dandi<i>fy</i>, Frenchi<i>fy</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [See <u>Fie</u>,
<i>interj</i>.] <def>A word which expresses blame, dislike,
disapprobation, abhorrence, or contempt. See <u>Fie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fyke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>fuik</i> a bow
net.] <def>A long bag net distended by hoops, into which fish can
pass easily, without being able to return; -- called also <i>fyke
net</i>.</def>  <i>Cozzens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fyl"lot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. fr. AS.
<i>fy&?;erf&?;te</i>, <i>fierf&?;te</i>, <i>fe&oacute;werf&?;te</i>.
See <u>Four</u>, and <u>Foot</u>, n.] <def>A rebated cross, formerly
used as a secret emblem, and a common ornament. It is also called
<i>gammadion</i>, and <i>swastika</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Fyrd</hw> (?), <hw>Fyr"dung</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS.; akin to E. <i>fare</i>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <i>(Old. Eng.
Hist.)</i> <def>The military force of the whole nation, consisting of
all men able to bear arms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The national <i>fyrd</i> or militia.</blockquote>
<i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fytte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Fit</u> a
song.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><point26>G.</point26></p>

<p><hw>G</hw> (j&emacr;) <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>G is the seventh
letter of the English alphabet, and a vocal consonant. It has two
sounds; one simple, as in <i>gave</i>, <i>go</i>, <i>gull</i>; the
other compound (like that of <i>j</i>), as in <i>gem</i>, <i>gin</i>,
<i>dingy</i>. See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 231-6,
155, 176, 178, 179, 196, 211, 246.</def></p>

<p>The form of G is from the Latin, in the alphabet which it first
appeared as a modified form of C. The name is also from the Latin,
and probably comes to us through the French. Etymologically it is
most closely related to a <i>c</i> hard, <i>k y</i>, and <i>w</i>; as
in <i>c</i>orn, <i>g</i>rain, <i>k</i>ernel; <i>k</i>in L.
<i>g</i>enus, Gr. &?;; E. <i>g</i>arden, <i>y</i>ard; dra<i>g</i>,
dra<i>w</i>; also to <i>ch</i> and <i>h</i>; as in <i>g</i>et,
pre<i>h</i>ensile; <i>g</i>uest, <i>h</i>ost (an army); <i>g</i>all,
<i>ch</i>oler; <i>g</i>ust, <i>ch</i>oose. See <u>C</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>G is the name of the fifth
tone of the natural or model scale; -- called also <i>sol</i> by the
Italians and French. It was also originally used as the treble clef,
and has gradually changed into the character represented in the
margin. See <u>Clef</u>. G&sharp; (G sharp) is a tone intermediate
between G and A.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gab</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gaff</u>.]
<i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>The hook on the end of an eccentric rod
opposite the strap. See. <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Eccentric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gabbe</i> gabble,
mocking, fr. Icel. <i>gabb</i> mocking, mockery, or OF. <i>gab</i>,
<i>gabe</i>; perh. akin to E. <i>gape</i>, or <i>gob</i>.  Cf.
<u>Gab</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Gibber</u>.] <def>The mouth;
hence, idle prate; chatter; unmeaning talk; loquaciousness.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Gift of gab</b></col>, <cd>facility of expression.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gab</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gabben</i> to jest,
lie, mock, deceive, fr. Icel. <i>gabba</i> to mock, or OF.
<i>gaber</i>. See 2d <u>Gab</u>, and cf. <u>Gabble</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deceive; to lie.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To talk idly; to prate; to chatter.</def>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gab"ar*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
coarse cloth for packing goods.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gab`ar*dine"</hw>, <hw>Gab`er*dine"</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>gabardina</i>; cf. It.
<i>gavardina</i>, OF. <i>galvardine</i>, <i>calvardine</i>,
<i>gavardine</i>, <i>galeverdine</i>; perh. akin to Sp. &amp; OF.
<i>gaban</i> a sort of cloak or coat for rainy weather, F.
<i>caban</i> great coat with a hood and sleeves, It. <i>gabbano</i>
and perh. to E. <i>cabin</i>.] <def>A coarse frock or loose upper
garment formerly worn by Jews; a mean dress.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gab"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A liar; a deceiver.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One addicted to idle talk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gab"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gabbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gabbling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>gab</i>. See <u>Gab</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To talk fast, or to
talk without meaning; to prate; to jabber.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter inarticulate sounds with
rapidity; as, <i>gabbling</i> fowls.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Loud or rapid talk without meaning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forthwith a hideous <i>gabble</i> rises loud<BR>
Among the builders.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inarticulate sounds rapidly uttered; as of
fowls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gab"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gabbles;
a prater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gab"bro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A name originally given by the Italians to a kind of serpentine,
later to the rock called euphotide, and now generally used for a
coarsely crystalline, igneous rock consisting of lamellar pyroxene
(diallage) and labradorite, with sometimes chrysolite (olivine
gabbro).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga"bel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gabelle</i>, LL.
<i>gabella</i>, <i>gabulum</i>, <i>gablum</i>; of uncertain origin.
Cf.<u>Gavel</u> tribute.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A rent, service,
tribute, custom, tax, impost, or duty; an excise.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He enables St. Peter to pay his <i>gabel</i> by the
ministry of a fish.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ga"bel*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>A collector of gabels or taxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ga`belle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Gabel</u>.] <def>A tax, especially on salt.</def> [France]
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ga*belle"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
gabeler.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gab`er*dine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gabardine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gab"er-lun`zie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>gabair</i> talker + <i>lunndair</i> idler.] <def>A beggar with a
wallet; a licensed beggar.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gab"ert</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F. <i>gabare</i>,
Arm. <i>kobar</i>, <i>gobar</i>.] <def>A lighter, or vessel for
inland navigation.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ga"bi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F., from It.
<i>gabbione</i> a large cage, gabion, from <i>gabbia</i> cage, L.
<i>cavea</i>. See <u>Cage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i>
<def>A hollow cylinder of wickerwork, like a basket without a bottom.
Gabions are made of various sizes, and filled with earth in building
fieldworks to shelter men from an enemy's fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hydraul. Engin.)</i> <def>An openwork
frame, as of poles, filled with stones and sunk, to assist in forming
a bar dyke, etc., as in harbor improvement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga`bi*on*ade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gabionnade</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A traverse
made with gabions between guns or on their flanks, protecting them
from enfilading fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A structure of gabions sunk in lines, as a
core for a sand bar in harbor improvements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga"bi*on*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gabionnage</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The part of a fortification
built of gabions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga"bi*oned</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished
with gabions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ga`bion`nade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gabionade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cable.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ga"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gable</i>,
<i>gabil</i>, F. <i>gable</i>, fr. LL. <i>gabalum</i> front of a
building, prob. of German or Scand. origin; cf. OHG. <i>gibil</i>, G.
<i>giebel</i> gable, Icel. <i>gafl</i>, Goth. <i>gibla</i> pinnacle;
perh. akin to Gr. &?; head, and E. <i>cephalic</i>, or to G.
<i>gabel</i> fork, AS. <i>geafl</i>, E. <i>gaffle</i>, L.
<i>gabalus</i> a kind of gallows.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The vertical triangular portion of the end of a building, from
the level of the cornice or eaves to the ridge of the roof. Also, a
similar end when not triangular in shape, as of a gambrel roof and
the like.</def> Hence: <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The end wall of a
building, as distinguished from the front or rear side.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A decorative member having the shape of a
triangular gable, such as that above a Gothic arch in a
doorway.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bell gable</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bell</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Gable roof</b></col>, <cd>a double sloping roof which forms a
gable at each end.</cd> -- <col><b>Gable wall</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<u>Gable</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gable
window</b></col>, <cd>a window in a gable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ga"blet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
small gable, or gable-shaped canopy, formed over a tabernacle, niche,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gab"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gavelock</u>.]
<def>A false spur or gaff, fitted on the heel of a gamecock.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ga"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>gapi</i> a
rash, reckless man.  Cf. <u>Gafe</u>.] <def>A simpleton; a dunce; a
lout.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gad</i>, Icel.
<i>gaddr</i> goad, sting; akin to Sw. <i>gadd</i> sting, Goth.
<i>gazds</i>, G. <i>gerte</i> switch. See <u>Yard</u> a measure.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The point of a spear, or an
arrowhead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pointed or wedge-shaped instrument of
metal, as a steel wedge used in mining, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will go get a leaf of brass,<BR>
And with a <i>gad</i> of steel will write these words.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sharp-pointed rod; a goad.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A spike on a gauntlet; a gadling.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A wedge-shaped billet of iron or
steel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Flemish steel . . . some in bars and some in
<i>gads</i>.</blockquote> <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A rod or stick, as a fishing rod, a
measuring rod, or a rod used to drive cattle with.</def> [Prov. Eng.
Local, U.S.]  <i>Halliwell. Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Upon the gad</b></col>, <cd>upon the spur of the moment;
hastily.</cd> [Obs.] "All this done <i>upon the gad!</i>"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gad</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gadded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gadding</u>.] [Prob. fr. <i>gad</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and
orig. meaning <i>to drive about</i>.] <def>To walk about; to rove or
go about, without purpose; hence, to run wild; to be
uncontrolled.</def> "The <i>gadding</i> vine."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why <i>gaddest</i> thou about so much to change thy
way?</blockquote> <i>Jer. ii. 36.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gad"a*bout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gadder</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gad"bee`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The gadfly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gad"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who roves
about idly, a rambling gossip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gad"ding</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Going about
much, needlessly or without purpose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Envy is a <i>gadding</i> passion, and walketh the
streets.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The good nuns would check her <i>gadding</i>
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gadding car</b></col>, <cd>in quarrying, a car which
carries a drilling machine so arranged as to drill a line of
holes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gad"ding*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a roving,
idle manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gad"dish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to
gad.</def> -- <wf>Gad"dish*nes</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
"Gaddishness and folly."  <i>Abp. Leighton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Cod the fish.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small British fish
(<i>Motella argenteola</i>) of the Cod family.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A pike, so called at Moray Firth; -- called
also <i>gead</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><! p. 607 !></p>

<p><hw>Gad"er*e</hw> (?), <hw>Gad"re</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> <def>To gather.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gad"fly`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gadflies</b></plw> (#). [<i>Gad</i> + <i>fly</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any dipterous insect of the genus
<i>Oestrus</i>, and allied genera of botflies.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The sheep <i>gadfly</i> (<i>Oestrus ovis</i>) deposits its
young in the nostrils of sheep, and the larv&aelig; develop in the
frontal sinuses. The common species which infests cattle
(<i>Hypoderma bovis</i>) deposits its eggs upon or in the skin where
the larv&aelig; or bots live and produce sores called <i>wormels</i>.
The <i>gadflies</i> of the horse produce the intestinal parasites
called <i>bots</i>. See <u>Botfly</u>, and <u>Bots</u>. The true
horseflies are often erroneously called <i>gadflies</i>, and the true
<i>gadflies</i> are sometimes incorrectly called <i>breeze
flies</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Gadfly petrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
several small petrels of the genus <i>Oestrelata</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gadhel"ic</hw> (g&amacr;l"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Gaelic</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to that division of the
Celtic languages, which includes the Irish, Gaelic, and Manx.</def>
<i>J. Peile.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gad"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, the cod (<i>Gadus</i>); --
applied to an acid obtained from cod-liver oil, viz., <i>gadic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gad`i*ta`ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Gaditanus</i>, fr. <i>Gades</i> Cadiz.] <def>Of or relating to
Cadiz, in Spain.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Cadiz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gad"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gad</i>, n. + <i>-
ling</i>.] <i>(Medi&aelig;val Armor)</i> [R.] <def>See <u>Gad</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gad"ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Gad</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Gadding about.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gad"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A roving
vagabond.</def> [Obs.] <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gadman</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
gadsman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga"doid</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>gadus</i>
cod + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>gado&iuml;de</i> gadoid, Gr. &?; a sort
of fish, F. <i>gade</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the family of fishes (<i>Gadid&aelig;</i>) which includes the cod,
haddock, and hake.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
<i>Gadid&aelig;</i>.</def> [Written also <i>gadid</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gad`o*lin"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Gadolinite</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare earth, regarded by
some as an oxide of the supposed element gadolinium, by others as
only a mixture of the oxides of yttrium, erbium, ytterbium,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gad`o*lin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to or containing gadolinium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gad"o*lin*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after
<i>Gadolin</i>, a Russian chemist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a
nearly black color and vitreous luster, and consisting principally of
the silicates of yttrium, cerium, and iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gad`o*lin"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Gadolinite</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A supposed rare metallic
element, with a characteristic spectrum, found associated with
yttrium and other rare metals. Its individuality and properties have
not yet been determined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gads"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses a
gad or goad in driving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gad"u*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL. <i>gadus</i>
codfish.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow or brown amorphous substance,
of indifferent nature, found in cod-liver oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gad"wall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gad</i> to walk
about + <i>well</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large duck (<i>Anas
strepera</i>), valued as a game bird, found in the northern parts of
Europe and America; -- called also <i>gray duck</i>.</def> [Written
also <i>gaddwell</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gael</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Gaelic</u>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A Celt or the Celts of the
Scotch Highlands or of Ireland; now esp., a Scotch Highlander of
Celtic origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gael"ic</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>G&agrave;idhealach</i>, <i>Gaelach</i>, from
<i>G&agrave;idheal</i>, <i>Gael</i>, a Scotch Highlander.]
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Gael, esp. to the
Celtic Highlanders of Scotland; as, the <i>Gaelic</i>
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gael"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>Gaelig</i>,
<i>G&agrave;ilig</i>.] <def>The language of the Gaels, esp. of the
Highlanders of Scotland. It is a branch of the Celtic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gaff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gaffe</i>, F.
<i>gaffe</i> an iron hook with which seamen pull great fishes into
their ships; cf. Ir. <i>gaf</i>, <i>gafa</i> hook; perh. akin to G.
<i>gabel</i> fork, Skr. <i>gabhasti</i>.  Cf. <u>Gaffle</u>,
<u>Gable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A barbed spear or a hook with
a handle, used by fishermen in securing heavy fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The spar upon which the
upper edge of a fore-and-aft sail is extended.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Gaffle</u>, 1.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gaffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gaffing</u>.] <def>To strike with a gaff or barbed spear; to
secure by means of a gaff; as, to <i>gaff</i> a salmon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gaf"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Possibly contr. fr.
<i>godfather</i>; but prob. fr. <i>gramfer</i> for
<i>grandfather</i>.  Cf. <u>Gammer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
old fellow; an aged rustic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go to each <i>gaffer</i> and each goody.</blockquote>
<i>Fawkes.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Gaffer</i> was originally a respectful title, now
degenerated into a term of familiarity or contempt when addressed to
an aged man in humble life.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A foreman or overseer of a gang of
laborers.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gaf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>geafl</i>
fork, LG., D., Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>gaffel</i>, G. <i>gabel</i>, W.
<i>gafl</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>gabhal</i>.  Cf. <u>Gaff</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An artificial spur or gaff for
gamecocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lever to bend crossbows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gaff`-top"sail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A small triangular sail having its foot extended upon the gaff
and its luff upon the topmast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gag</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gagging</u> (?).] [Prob. fr. W. <i>cegio</i> to choke or strangle,
fr. <i>ceg</i> mouth, opening, entrance.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
stop the mouth of, by thrusting sometimes in, so as to hinder
speaking; hence, to silence by authority or by violence; not to allow
freedom of speech to.</def>  <i>Marvell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The time was not yet come when eloquence was to be
<i>gagged</i>, and reason to be hood winked.</blockquote>
<i>Maccaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pry or hold open by means of a
gag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mouths <i>gagged</i> to such a wideness.</blockquote>
<i>Fortescue (Transl.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to heave with nausea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gag</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
heave with nausea; to retch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To introduce gags or interpolations. See
<u>Gag</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def> [Slang]  <i>Cornill
Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something thrust into the mouth or throat to hinder
speaking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mouthful that makes one retch; a choking
bit; as, a <i>gag</i> of mutton fat.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A speech or phrase interpolated offhand by
an actor on the stage in his part as written, usually consisting of
some seasonable or local allusion.</def> [Slang]
</p>

<p><col><b>Gag rein</b></col> <i>(Harness)</i>, <cd>a rein for
drawing the bit upward in the horse's mouth.</cd> -- <col><b>Gag
runner</b></col> <i>(Harness)</i>, <cd>a loop on the throat latch
guiding the gag rein.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gag"ate</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gagates</i>.
See <u>Jet</u> a black mineral.] <def>Agate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gage</i>, LL.
<i>gadium</i>, <i>wadium</i>; of German origin; cf. Goth.
<i>wadi</i>, OHG. <i>wetti</i>, <i>weti</i>, akin to E. <i>wed</i>.
See <u>Wed</u>, and cf. <u>Wage</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pledge or pawn; something laid down or
given as a security for the performance of some act by the person
depositing it, and forfeited by nonperformance; security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor without <i>gages</i> to the needy
lend.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A glove, cap, or the like, cast on the
ground as a challenge to combat, and to be taken up by the accepter
of the challenge; a challenge; a defiance.</def> "There I throw my
<i>gage</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because an
English family named <i>Gage</i> imported the greengage from France,
in the last century.] <def>A variety of plum; as, the
<i>greengage</i>; also, the blue <i>gage</i>, frost <i>gage</i>,
golden <i>gage</i>, etc., having more or less likeness to the
greengage. See <u>Greengage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gaging</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>gager</i>. See <u>Gage</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, a pledge.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give or
deposit as a pledge or security for some act; to wage or wager; to
pawn or pledge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A moiety competent<BR>
Was <i>gaged</i> by our king.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bind by pledge, or security; to
engage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great debts<BR>
Wherein my time, sometimes too prodigal,<BR>
Hath left me <i>gaged</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gage</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A measure or standard.
See <u>Gauge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Gage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To measure. See
<u>Gauge</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall not <i>gage</i> me<BR>
<i>By what we do to-night</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ga"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A measurer. See
<u>Gauger</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gag"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who gags.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A piece of iron imbedded
in the sand of a mold to keep the sand in place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gag"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gaggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gaggling</u> (?).] [Of imitative origin; cf. D. <i>gaggelen</i>,
<i>gagelen</i>, G. <i>gackeln</i>, <i>gackern</i>, MHG.
<i>g&?;gen</i>, E. <i>giggle</i>, <i>cackle</i>.] <def>To make a
noise like a goose; to cackle.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gag"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gaggle</u>
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A flock of wild
geese.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gag"tooth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<u>Gagteeth</u> (&?;). <def>A projecting tooth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gag"-toothed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
gagteeth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gahn"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after
<i>Gahn</i>, a Swedish chemist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Zinc spinel;
automolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*id"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; earth.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to hypogeic acid; -- applied to an
acid obtained from hypogeic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gai"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Gayety</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gail"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A jailer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gail`lard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Galliard</u>.] <def>Gay; brisk; merry; galliard.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gail*liarde"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Galliard</u> a dance.] <def>A lively French and Italian
dance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gai"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Gay</u>.]
<def>Merrily; showily. See <u>gaily</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gain</hw> (g&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>gan</i>
a mortise.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A square or beveled notch cut out of
a girder, binding joist, or other timber which supports a floor beam,
so as to receive the end of the floor beam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gain</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gein</i>, <i>gain</i>,
good, near, quick; cf. Icel. <i>gegn</i> ready, serviceable, and
<i>gegn</i>, adv., against, opposite.  Cf. <u>Ahain</u>.]
<def>Convenient; suitable; direct; near; handy; dexterous; easy;
profitable; cheap; respectable.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gain</hw> (g&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gain</i>,
<i>gein</i>, <i>ga&yogh;hen</i>, gain, advantage, Icel. <i>gagn</i>;
akin to Sw. <i>gagn</i>, Dan. <i>gavn</i>, cf. Goth. <i>gageigan</i>
to gain. The word was prob. influenced by F. <i>gain</i> gain, OF.
<i>gaain</i>.  Cf. <u>Gain</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is gained, obtained, or acquired,
as increase, profit, advantage, or benefit; -- opposed to
<i>loss</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But what things were <i>gain</i> to me, those I
counted loss for Christ.</blockquote> <i>Phil. iii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Godliness with contentment is great
<i>gain</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. vi. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every one shall share in the
<i>gains</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The obtaining or amassing of profit or
valuable possessions; acquisition; accumulation.</def> "The lust of
<i>gain</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gained</u> (g&amacr;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gaining</u>.] [From <i>gain</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
but. prob. influenced by F. <i>gagner</i> to earn, gain, OF.
<i>gaaignier</i> to cultivate, OHG. <i>weidin&omacr;n</i>,
<i>weidinen</i> to pasture, hunt, fr. <i>weida</i> pasturage, G.
<i>weide</i>, akin to Icel. <i>vei&eth;r</i> hunting, AS.
<i>w&amacr;&eth;u</i>, cf. L. <i>venari</i> to hunt, E.
<i>venison</i>. See <u>Gain</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, profit.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To get, as profit or advantage; to obtain
or acquire by effort or labor; as, to <i>gain</i> a good
living.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What is a man profited, if he shall <i>gain</i> the
whole world, and lose his own soul?</blockquote> <i>Matt. xvi.
26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>gain</i> dominion, or to keep it
<i>gained</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For fame with toil we <i>gain</i>, but lose with
ease.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come off winner or victor in; to be
successful in; to obtain by competition; as, to <i>gain</i> a battle;
to <i>gain</i> a case at law; to <i>gain</i> a prize.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw into any interest or party; to win
to one's side; to conciliate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he shall hear thee, thou hast <i>gained</i> thy
brother.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xviii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To gratify the queen, and <i>gained</i> the
court.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To reach; to attain to; to arrive at; as,
to <i>gain</i> the top of a mountain; to <i>gain</i> a good
harbor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forded Usk and <i>gained</i> the wood.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To get, incur, or receive, as loss, harm,
or damage.</def> [Obs. or Ironical]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye should . . . not have loosed from Crete, and to
have <i>gained</i> this harm and loss.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvii.
21.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gained day</b></col>, <cd>the calendar day gained in
sailing eastward around the earth.</cd> -- <col><b>To gain
ground</b></col>, <cd>to make progress; to advance in any
undertaking; to prevail; to acquire strength or extent.</cd> --
<col><b>To gain over</b></col>, <cd>to draw to one's party or
interest; to win over.</cd> -- <col><b>To gain the wind</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to reach the windward side of another
ship.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To obtain; acquire; get; procure; win; earn;
attain; achieve.  See <u>Obtain</u>. -- <u>To Gain</u>, <u>Win</u>.
<i>Gain</i> implies only that we get something by exertion;
<i>win</i>, that we do it in competition with others. A person
<i>gains</i> knowledge, or <i>gains</i> a prize, simply by striving
for it; he <i>wins</i> a victory, or <i>wins</i> a prize, by taking
it in a struggle with others.</p>

<p><hw>Gain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have or receive
advantage or profit; to acquire gain; to grow rich; to advance in
interest, health, or happiness; to make progress; as, the sick man
<i>gains</i> daily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast greedily <i>gained</i> of thy neighbors by
extortion.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxii. 12.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gaining twist</b></col>, <cd>in rifled firearms, a twist
of the grooves, which increases regularly from the breech to the
muzzle.</cd>  <col><b>To gain on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To encroach on; as, the ocean <i>gains on</i>
the land.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To obtain influence with.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To win ground upon; to move faster than, as
in a race or contest.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To get the better
of; to have the advantage of.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The English have not only <i>gained upon</i> the
Venetians in the Levant, but have their cloth in Venice
itself.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i>
</p>

<p><blockquote>My good behavior had so far <i>gained on</i> the
emperor, that I began to conceive hopes of liberty.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>gagnable</i>. See <u>Gain</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Capable of being obtained or reached.</def>
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gain"age</hw> (?, 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>gaignage</i> pasturage, crop, F. <i>gaignage</i> pasturage. See
<u>Gain</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The horses, oxen, plows, wains or wagons and
implements for carrying on tillage.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The profit made by tillage; also, the land itself.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gains.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gain"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Profitable;
advantageous; lucrative.</def> "A <i>gainful</i> speculation."
<i>Macaulay.</i> -- <wf>Gain"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Gain"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gain"giv`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Again</u>,
and <u>Give</u>.] <def>A misgiving.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gain"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not producing gain;
unprofitable.</def> <i>Hammond.</i> -- <wf>Gain"less/ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gain"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Gain</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Handily; readily; dexterously;
advantageously.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gain"pain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F. <i>gagner</i> to
gain + <i>pain</i> bread.] <def>Bread-gainer; -- a term applied in
the Middle Ages to the sword of a hired soldier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gain`say"</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gainsaid</u> (? or ?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Gainsaying</u>.] [OE. <i>geinseien</i>,
<i>ageinseien</i>. See <u>Again</u>, and <u>Say</u> to utter.]
<def>To contradict; to deny; to controvert; to dispute; to
forbid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will give you a mouth and wisdom which all your
adversaries shall not be able to <i>gainsay</i> nor
resist.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxi. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The just gods <i>gainsay</i><BR>
That any drop thou borrow'dst from thy mother,<BR>
My sacred aunt, should by my mortal sword<BR>
Be drained.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gain`say"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gainsays, contradicts, or denies.</def> "To convince the
<i>gainsayers</i>."  <i>Tit. i. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gain"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Gainful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Prepossessing; well-favored.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>'Gainst</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>A contraction
of <u>Against</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gain"stand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gainstood</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>gainstanding</u>.] [See <u>Again</u>, and <u>Stand</u>.] <def>To
withstand; to resist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Durst . . . <i>gainstand</i> the force of so many
enraged desires.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gain"strive`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Again</u>, and <u>Strive</u>.] <def>To strive or struggle against;
to withstand.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gair"fowl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Garefowl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gair"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Gair"ish*ly</hw>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, <hw>Gair"ish/ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Garish</u>, <u>Garishly</u>,
<u>Garishness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gait</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gate</u> a way.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A going; a walk; a march; a way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good gentleman, go your <i>gait</i>, and let poor
folks pass.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manner of walking or stepping; bearing or
carriage while moving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is Cinna; I do know him by his
<i>gait</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gait"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having (such) a
gait; -- used in composition; as, slow-<i>gaited</i>; heavy-
<i>gaited</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gait"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gu&ecirc;tre</i>, cf. Armor. <i>gweltren</i>; or perh. of German
origin, and akin to E. <i>wear</i>, v.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
covering of cloth or leather for the ankle and instep, or for the
whole leg from the knee to the instep, fitting down upon the
shoe.</def></p>

<p><! p. 608 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of shoe, consisting of cloth, and
covering the ankle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gai"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dress with
gaiters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gai"tre</hw>, <hw>Gay"tre</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE.  Cf. <u>Gatten tree</u>.] <def>The dogwood tree.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ga"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gala</i> show,
pomp, fr. It. <i>gala</i> finery, gala; of German origin. See
<u>Gallant</u>.] <def>Pomp, show, or festivity.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gala day</b></col>, <cd>a day of mirth and festivity; a
holiday.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ga*lac"ta-gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
milk + &?; to lead.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An agent exciting secretion
of milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*lac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; milky, fr.
&?;, &?;, milk. See <u>Galaxy</u>, and cf. <u>Lactic</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to milk; got from milk; as,
<i>galactic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the galaxy or Milky
Way.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Galactic circle</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the great
circle of the heavens, to which the course of the galaxy most nearly
conforms.</cd> <i>Herschel.</i> -- <col><b>Galactic poles</b></col>,
<cd>the poles of the galactic circle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ga*lac"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, milk.
Cf. <u>Lactin</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
amorphous, gelatinous substance containing nitrogen, found in milk
and other animal fluids. It resembles peptone, and is variously
regarded as a coagulating or emulsifying agent.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A white waxy substance found in the sap of
the South American cow tree (<i>Galactodendron</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An amorphous, gummy carbohydrate resembling
gelose, found in the seeds of leguminous plants, and yielding on
decomposition several sugars, including galactose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*lac`to*den*sim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;, &?; + E. <i>densimeter</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Galactometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`ac*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
milk + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>galactom&egrave;tre</i>.  Cf.
<u>Lactometer</u>.] <def>An instrument for ascertaining the quality
of milk (<i>i.e.</i>, its richness in cream) by determining its
specific gravity; a lactometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`ac*toph"a*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, milk + &?; to eat: cf. &?; to live on milk.] <def>One who eats,
or subsists on, milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`ac*toph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>galactophade</i>.] <def>Feeding on milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`ac*toph"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
&?;, &?;, milk + &?; to bear: cf. F. <i>galactophore</i>.  Cf.
<u>Lactiferous</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Milk-carrying; lactiferous;
-- applied to the ducts of mammary glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*lac`to*poi*et"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, milk + &?; capable of making; fr. &?; to make.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Increasing the flow of milk; milk-producing.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A galactopoietic substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*lac"tose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white, crystalline sugar,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, isomeric with dextrose,
obtained by the decomposition of milk sugar, and also from certain
gums. When oxidized it forms mucic acid. Called also <i>lactose</i>
(though it is not lactose proper).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*lage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Obs.)</i> <def>See
<u>Galoche</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ga*la"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Galagos</b></plw> (#). [Native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of African lemurs, including numerous species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>grand galago</i> (<i>Galago crassicaudata</i>) is
about the size of a cat; the <i>mouse galago</i> (<i>G.
murinus</i>)is about the size of a mouse.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ga*lan"ga</hw> (?), <hw>Ga*lan"gal</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>galingale</i>, OF. <i>galingal</i>,
<i>garingal</i>, F. <i>galanga</i> (cf. Sp. <i>galanga</i>), prob.
fr. Ar. <i>khalanj&?;n</i>. ] <def>The pungent aromatic rhizome or
tuber of certain East Indian or Chinese species of <i>Alpinia</i>
(<i>A. Galanga</i> and <i>A. officinarum</i>) and of the
<i>K&aelig;mpferia Galanga</i>), -- all of the Ginger
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"an*tine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>galantine</i>.] <def>A dish of veal, chickens, or other white
meat, freed from bones, tied up, boiled, and served cold.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"a*pee` tree"</hw> (?), <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The West Indian
<i>Sciadophyllum Brownei</i>, a tree with very large digitate
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*la"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Galatia or its inhabitants. -- A native or inhabitant
of Galatia, in Asia Minor; a descendant of the Gauls who settled in
Asia Minor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"ax*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Galaxies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>galaxie</i>, L.
<i>galaxias</i>, fr. Gr. &?; (sc. &?; circle), fr. &?;, &?;, milk;
akin to L. <i>lac</i>.  Cf. <u>Lacteal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The Milky Way; that
luminous tract, or belt, which is seen at night stretching across the
heavens, and which is composed of innumerable stars, so distant and
blended as to be distinguishable only with the telescope. The term
has recently been used for remote clusters of stars.</def>
<i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A splendid assemblage of persons or
things.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gal"ban</hw>, <hw>Gal"ba*num</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>galbanum</i>, Gr. &?;, prob. from Heb.
<i>klekb'n&?;h</i>: cf. F. <i>galbanum</i>.] <def>A gum resin exuding
from the stems of certain Asiatic umbelliferous plants, mostly
species of <i>Ferula</i>. The <i>Bubon Galbanum</i> of South Africa
furnishes an inferior kind of galbanum. It has an acrid, bitter
taste, a strong, unpleasant smell, and is used for medical purposes,
also in the arts, as in the manufacture of varnish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gale</hw> (g&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. of Scand.
origin; cf. Dan. <i>gal</i> furious, Icel. <i>galinn</i>, cf. Icel.
<i>gala</i> to sing, AS. <i>galan</i> to sing, Icel. <i>galdr</i>
song, witchcraft, AS. <i>galdor</i> charm, sorcery, E.
nightin<i>gale</i>; also, Icel. <i>gj&omacr;la</i> gust of wind,
<i>gola</i> breeze. Cf. <u>Yell</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
strong current of air; a wind between a stiff breeze and a hurricane.
The most violent gales are called <i>tempests</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Gales</i> have a velocity of from about eighteen
("moderate") to about eighty ("very heavy") miles an our.  <i>Sir. W.
S. Harris.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A moderate current of air; a
breeze.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A little <i>gale</i> will soon disperse that
cloud.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And winds of gentlest <i>gale</i> Arabian odors
fanned<BR>
From their soft wings.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A state of excitement, passion, or
hilarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ladies, laughing heartily, were fast getting into
what, in New England, is sometimes called a <i>gale</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Brooke (Eastford).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Topgallant gale</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>one in which
a ship may carry her topgallant sails.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gale</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
sale, or sail fast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gal</i>. See
<u>Gale</u> wind.] <def>A song or story.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Toone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gale</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>galan</i>. See 1st
<u>Gale</u>.] <def>To sing.</def> [Obs.] "Can he cry and
<i>gale</i>."  <i>Court of Love.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gagel</i>, akin to D.
<i>gagel</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus <i>Myrica</i>,
growing in wet places, and strongly resembling the bayberry. The
sweet gale (<i>Myrica Gale</i>) is found both in Europe and in
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gabel</u>.] <def>The
payment of a rent or annuity.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gale day</b></col>, <cd>the day on which rent or interest
is due.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ga"le*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a helmet.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The upper lip or helmet-shaped
part of a labiate flower.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A kind of bandage for the
head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Pathol.)</i> <def>Headache extending all
over the head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of fossil echini,
having a vaulted, helmet-shaped shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The anterior, outer
process of the second joint of the maxillae in certain
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"e*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Galleass</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ga"le*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Ga"le*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>galeatus</i>, p. p. of <i>galeare</i>
helmet.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wearing a helmet; protected by a
helmet; covered, as with a helmet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Helmeted; having a
helmetlike part, as a crest, a flower, etc.; helmet-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ga"le*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Galeus</i>, name of one genus, fr. Gr. &?; a kind of shark.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>That division of elasmobranch fishes which
includes the sharks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*le"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>galena</i> lead
ore, dross that remains after melting lead: cf. F.
<i>gal&egrave;ne</i> sulphide of lead ore, antidote to poison,
stillness of the sea, calm, tranquility.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A remedy or antidote for
poison; theriaca.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Parr.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Lead sulphide; the principal
ore of lead. It is of a bluish gray color and metallic luster, and is
cubic in crystallization and cleavage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>False galena</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Blende</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ga*len"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ga*len"ic*al</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or containing,
galena.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*len"ic</hw>, <hw>Ga*len"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[From <i>Galen</i>, the physician.] <def>Relating to Galen or to his
principles and method of treating diseases.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Galenic pharmacy</b></col>, <cd>that branch of pharmacy
which relates to the preparation of medicines by infusion, decoction,
etc., as distinguished from those which are chemically
prepared.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ga"len*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrines
of Galen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*len*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower of
Galen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*le"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Galena; lead ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ga`le*o*pi*the"cus</hw>
(g&amacr;`l&esl;*&osl;*p&ibreve;*th&emacr;"k&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gale`h</grk> a weasel +
<grk>pi`qhkos</grk> an ape.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
flying Insectivora, formerly called <i>flying lemurs</i>. See
<u>Colugo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`er*ic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>galericulum</i>, dim. of <i>galerum</i> a hat or cap, fr.
<i>galea</i> helmet.] <def>Covered as with a hat or cap.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>galerum</i> a
hat, cap: cf. F. <i>gal&eacute;rite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A
cretaceous fossil sea urchin of the genus <i>Galerites</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*li"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>Galiciano</i>, <i>Gallego</i>, fr. L. <i>Gallaecus</i>,
<i>Gallaicus</i>, fr. <i>Gallaeci</i> a people in Western Spain.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Galicia, in Spain, or to Galicia, the
kingdom of Austrian Poland.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native of Galicia in Spain; -- called also <i>Gallegan</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`i*le"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Galileo; as, the <i>Galilean</i> telescope. See
<u>Telescope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`i*le"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Galilaeus</i>, fr. <i>Galilaea</i> Galilee, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>galil&eacute;en</i>.] <def>Of or relating to Galilee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`i*le"an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Galilee, the northern province of
Palestine under the Romans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Hist.)</i> <def>One of the party
among the Jews, who opposed the payment of tribute to the Romans; --
called also <i>Gaulonite</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A Christian in general; -- used as a term
of reproach by Mohammedans and Pagans.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"i*lee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Supposed to have
been so termed in allusion to the scriptural "Galilee of the
Gentiles." cf. OF. <i>galil&eacute;e</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
porch or waiting room, usually at the west end of an abbey church,
where the monks collected on returning from processions, where bodies
were laid previous to interment, and where women were allowed to see
the monks to whom they were related, or to hear divine service. Also,
frequently applied to the porch of a church, as at Ely and Durham
cathedrals.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal`i*ma"tias</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Nonsense; gibberish; confused and unmeaning talk; confused
mixture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her dress, like her talk, is a <i>galimatias</i> of
several countries.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"in*gale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Galangal</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the Sedge family
(<i>Cyperus longus</i>) having aromatic roots; also, any plant of the
same genus.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Meadow, set with slender
<i>galingale</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"i*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>galiote</i>,
F. <i>galiote</i>. See <u>Galley</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small galley, formerly used in the
Mediterranean, built mainly for speed. It was moved both by sails and
oars, having one mast, and sixteen or twenty seats for rowers.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A strong, light-draft, Dutch merchant
vessel, carrying a mainmast and a mizzenmast, and a large gaff
mainsail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"i*pot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>galipot</i>;
cf. OF. <i>garipot</i> the wild pine or pitch tree.] <def>An impure
resin of turpentine, hardened on the outside of pine trees by the
spontaneous evaporation of its essential oil. When purified, it is
called <i>yellow pitch</i>, <i>white pitch</i>, or <i>Burgundy
pitch</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gall</hw> (g&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>galle</i>,
<i>gal</i>, AS. <i>gealla</i>; akin to D.  <i>gal</i>, OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>galla</i>, Icel. <i>gall</i>, SW. <i>galla</i>, Dan. <i>galde</i>,
L. <i>fel</i>, Gr. &?;, and prob. to E. <i>yellow</i>. &radic;49.
See <u>Yellow</u>, and cf.  <u>Choler</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The bitter, alkaline, viscid fluid found in
the gall bladder, beneath the liver. It consists of the secretion of
the liver, or bile, mixed with that of the mucous membrane of the
gall bladder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The gall bladder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything extremely bitter; bitterness;
rancor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath . . . compassed me with <i>gall</i> and
travail.</blockquote> <i>Lam. iii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Comedy diverted without <i>gall</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Impudence; brazen assurance.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Gall bladder</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the membranous
sac, in which the bile, or gall, is stored up, as secreted by the
liver; the cholecystis. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Digestive
apparatus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gall duct</b></col>, <cd>a duct which
conveys bile, as the cystic duct, or the hepatic duct.</cd> --
<col><b>Gall sickness</b></col>, <cd>a remitting bilious fever in the
Netherlands.</cd> <i>Dunglison.</i> -- <col><b>Gall of the
earth</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an herbaceous composite plant with
variously lobed and cleft leaves, usually the <i>Prenanthes
serpentaria</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>galle</i>, noix de
<i>galle</i>, fr. L. <i>galla</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
excrescence of any form produced on any part of a plant by insects or
their larvae. They are most commonly caused by small Hymenoptera and
Diptera which puncture the bark and lay their eggs in the wounds. The
larvae live within the galls. Some galls are due to aphids, mites,
etc. See <u>Gallnut</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>galls</i>, or <i>gallnuts</i>, of commerce are
produced by insects of the genus <i>Cynips</i>, chiefly on an oak
(<i>Quercus infectoria or Lusitanica</i>) of Western Asia and
Southern Europe. They contain much tannin, and are used in the
manufacture of that article and for making ink and a black dye, as
well as in medicine.</p>

<p><col><b>Gall insect</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any insect
that produces galls.</cd> -- <col><b>Gall midge</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any small dipterous insect that produces
galls.</cd> -- <col><b>Gall oak</b></col>, <cd>the oak (<i>Quercus
infectoria</i>) which yields the galls of commerce.</cd> --
<col><b>Gall of glass</b></col>, <cd>the neutral salt skimmed off
from the surface of melted crown glass; -- called also <i>glass
gall</i> and <i>sandiver</i>.</cd> <i>Ure.</i> -- <col><b>Gall
wasp</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Gallfly</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gall</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Dyeing)</i> <def>To
impregnate with a decoction of gallnuts.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gall</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Galled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Galling</u>.] [OE. <i>gallen</i>; cf. F. <i>galer</i> to scratch,
rub, <i>gale</i> scurf, scab, G. <i>galle</i> a disease in horses'
feet, an excrescence under the tongue of horses; of uncertain origin.
Cf. <u>Gall</u> gallnut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fret and wear
away by friction; to hurt or break the skin of by rubbing; to chafe;
to injure the surface of by attrition; as, a saddle <i>galls</i> the
back of a horse; to <i>gall</i> a mast or a cable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am loth to <i>gall</i> a new-healed
wound.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fret; to vex; as, to be <i>galled</i>
by sarcasm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that are most <i>galled</i> with my folly,<BR>
They most must laugh.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To injure; to harass; to annoy; as, the
troops were <i>galled</i> by the shot of the enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In our wars against the French of old, we used to
<i>gall</i> them with our longbows, at a greater distance than they
could shoot their arrows.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gall</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To scoff; to
jeer.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gall</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wound in the skin made
by rubbing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>gallant</i>,
prop. <i>p. pr.</i> of OF. <i>galer</i> to rejoice, akin to OF.
<i>gale</i> amusement, It. <i>gala</i> ornament; of German origin;
cf. OHG. <i>geil</i> merry, luxuriant, wanton, G. <i>geil</i>
lascivious, akin to AS. <i>g&?;l</i> wanton, wicked, OS. <i>g&?;l</i>
merry, Goth. <i>gailjan</i> to make to rejoice, or perh. akin to E.
<i>weal</i>. See <u>Gala</u>, <u>Galloon</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Showy; splendid; magnificent; gay; well-
dressed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The town is built in a very <i>gallant</i>
place.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our royal, good and <i>gallant</i> ship.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Noble in bearing or spirit; brave; high-
spirited; courageous; heroic; magnanimous; as, a <i>gallant</i>
youth; a <i>gallant</i> officer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>gallant</i> spirit hath aspired the
clouds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gay, the wise, the <i>gallant</i>, and the
grave.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Gallant</u>, <u>Courageous</u>, <u>Brave</u>.
<i>Courageous</i> is generic, denoting an inward spirit which rises
above fear; <i>brave</i> is more outward, marking a spirit which
braves or defies danger; <i>gallant</i> rises still higher, denoting
bravery on extraordinary occasions in a spirit of adventure. A
<i>courageous</i> man is ready for battle; a <i>brave</i> man courts
it; a <i>gallant</i> man dashes into the midst of the conflict.</p>

<p><hw>Gal*lant"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Polite and
attentive to ladies; courteous to women; chivalrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal*lant"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man of mettle or spirit; a gay, fashionable
man; a young blood.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One fond of paying attention to
ladies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who wooes; a lover; a suitor; in a bad
sense, a seducer.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the first sense it is by some ortho&euml;pists (as in
Shakespeare) accented on the first syllable.</p>

<p><hw>Gal*lant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gallanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gallanting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To attend or wait on, as
a lady; as, to <i>gallant</i> ladies to the play.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To handle with grace or in a modish
manner; as, to <i>gallant</i> a fan.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal*lant"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a polite
or courtly manner; like a gallant or wooer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lant*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a gallant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lant*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being gallant.</def></p>

<p><! p. 609 !></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gallantries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>galanterie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Splendor of appearance; ostentatious
finery.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Guess the <i>gallantry</i> of our church by this . . .
when the desk whereon the priest read was inlaid with plates of
silver.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bravery; intrepidity; as, the troops
behaved with great <i>gallantry</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Civility or polite attention to ladies; in
a bad sense, attention or courtesy designed to win criminal favors
from a female; freedom of principle or practice with respect to
female virtue; intrigue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Gallant persons, collectively.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Helenus, Antenor, and all the <i>gallantry</i> of
Troy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Courage</u>, and <u>Heroism</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Gal"late</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gallate</i>. See <u>Gall</u> gallnut.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt
of gallic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"la*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>gallus</i> a cock.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The tread, treadle,
or chalasa of an egg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"le*ass</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gal&eacute;asse</i>, <i>gal&eacute;ace</i>; cf. It.
<i>galeazza</i>, Sp. <i>galeaza</i>; LL. <i>galea</i> a galley. See
<u>Galley</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A large galley, having some
features of the galleon, as broadside guns; esp., such a vessel used
by the southern nations of Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. See
<u>Galleon</u>, and <u>Galley</u>.</def> [Written variously
<i>galeas</i>, <i>gallias</i>, etc.]</p>

<p>&fist; "The <i>galleasses</i> . . . were a third larger than the
ordinary galley, and rowed each by three hundred galley slaves. They
consisted of an enormous towering structure at the stern, a
castellated structure almost equally massive in front, with seats for
the rowers amidships."  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gal*le"gan</hw> (g&abreve;l*l&emacr;"g<i>a</i>n),
<hw>Gal*le"go</hw> (g&abreve;l*l&emacr;"g&osl; or
g&adot;*ly&amacr;"g&osl;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>Gallego</i>.] <def>A native or inhabitant of Galicia, in Spain; a
Galician.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"le*&iuml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Pyro<i>gall</i>ol + phthal<i>e&iuml;n</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
red crystalline dyestuff, obtained by heating together pyrogallic and
phthalic acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"le*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>galeon</i>,
cf. F. <i>galion</i>; fr. LL. <i>galeo</i>, <i>galio</i>. See
<u>Galley</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A sailing vessel of the 15th and
following centuries, often having three or four decks, and used for
war or commerce. The term is often rather indiscriminately applied to
any large sailing vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>galleons</i> . . . were huge, round-stemmed,
clumsy vessels, with bulwarks three or four feet thick, and built up
at stem and stern, like castles.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"le*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <u>Galiot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"ler*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Galleries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>galerie</i>, It.
<i>galleria</i>, fr. LL. <i>galeria</i> gallery, perh. orig., a
festal hall, banquetting hall; cf. OF. <i>galerie</i> a rejoicing,
fr. <i>galer</i> to rejoice.  Cf. <u>Gallant</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long and narrow
corridor, or place for walking; a connecting passageway, as between
one room and another; also, a long hole or passage excavated by a
boring or burrowing animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A room for the exhibition of works of art;
as, a picture <i>gallery</i>; hence, also, a large or important
collection of paintings, sculptures, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A long and narrow platform attached to one
or more sides of public hall or the interior of a church, and
supported by brackets or columns; -- sometimes intended to be
occupied by musicians or spectators, sometimes designed merely to
increase the capacity of the hall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A frame, like a balcony,
projecting from the stern or quarter of a ship, and hence called
<i>stern gallery</i> or <i>quarter gallery</i>, -- seldom found in
vessels built since 1850.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>Any communication which is
covered overhead as well as at the sides. When prepared for defense,
it is a <i>defensive gallery</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A working drift or
level.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Whispering gallery</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Whispering</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gal"le*tyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>gallytile</i>.  Cf. <u>Gallipot</u>.] <def>A little tile of glazed
earthenware.</def> [Obs.] "The substance of <i>galletyle</i>."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Galleys</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>gale</i>, <i>galeie</i> (cf.
OF. <i>galie</i>, <i>gal&eacute;e</i>, LL. <i>galea</i>, LGr. &?;; of
unknown origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel
propelled by oars, whether having masts and sails or not</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large vessel for war and national
purposes; -- common in the Middle Ages, and down to the 17th
century.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A name given by analogy to
the Greek, Roman, and other ancient vessels propelled by oars.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A light, open boat used on the Thames by
customhouse officers, press gangs, and also for pleasure.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>One of the small boats carried by a man-of-
war.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The typical galley of the Mediterranean was from one
hundred to two hundred feet long, often having twenty oars on each
side. It had two or three masts rigged with lateen sails, carried
guns at prow and stern, and a complement of one thousand to twelve
hundred men, and was very efficient in mediaeval warfare. Galleons,
galliots, galleasses, half galleys, and quarter galleys were all
modifications of this type.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cookroom or kitchen and cooking
apparatus of a vessel; -- sometimes on merchant vessels called the
<i>caboose</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oblong oven or muffle
with a battery of retorts; a gallery furnace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [F. <i>gal&eacute;e</i>; the same word as E.
<i>galley</i> a vessel.] <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
oblong tray of wood or brass, with upright sides, for holding type
which has been set, or is to be made up, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A proof sheet taken from type while on a
galley; a galley proof.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Galley slave</b></col>, <cd>a person condemned, often as a
punishment for crime, to work at the oar on board a galley.</cd> "To
toil like a <i>galley slave</i>." <i>Macaulay.</i>-- <col><b>Galley
slice</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a sliding false bottom to a
large galley.</cd> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"ley-bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European green woodpecker;
also, the spotted woodpecker.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gal"ley-worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. so called
because the numerous legs along the sides move rhythmically like the
oars of a galley.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A chilognath myriapod of
the genus <i>Iulus</i>, and allied genera, having numerous short legs
along the sides; a milliped or "thousand legs."  See
<u>Chilognatha</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gall"fly`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gallflies</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect
that deposits its eggs in plants, and occasions galls, esp. any small
hymenopteran of the genus <i>Cynips</i> and allied genera. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Gall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`li*am"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>galliambus</i> a song used by the priests of Cybele; <i>Gallus</i>
(a name applied to these priests) + <i>iambus</i>] <i>(Pros.)</i>
<def>Consisting of two iambic dimeters catalectic, the last of which
lacks the final syllable; -- said of a kind of verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Gallic</u>.]
<def>Gallic; French.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"liard</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE., fr. F.
<i>gaillard</i>, perh. of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. &amp; Gael.
<i>galach</i> valiant, or AS. <i>gagol</i>, <i>geagl</i>, wanton,
lascivious.] <def>Gay; brisk; active.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gal"liard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brisk, gay
man.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Selden is a <i>galliard</i> by himself.</blockquote>
<i>Cleveland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"liard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gaillarde</i>, cf.
Sp. <i>gallarda</i>. See <u>Galliard</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>A gay, lively dance.  Cf. <u>Gailliarde</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never a hall such a <i>galliard</i> did
grace.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal`liard*ise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gaillardise</i>. See <u>Galliard</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Excessive gayety; merriment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The mirth and <i>galliardise</i> of
company.</blockquote> <i>Sir. T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"liard*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gayety.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*ass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Galleass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Gallium</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or containing, gallium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lic</hw> (277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Gall</u> the
excrescence.] <def>Pertaining to, or derived from, galls, nutgalls,
and the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gallic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an organic acid,
very widely distributed in the vegetable kingdom, being found in the
free state in galls, tea, etc., and produced artificially. It is a
white, crystalline substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>2</sub>(HO)<sub>3</sub>.CO<sub>2</sub>H, with an
astringent taste, and is a strong reducing agent, as employed in
photography. It is usually prepared from tannin, and both give a dark
color with iron salts, forming tannate and gallate of iron, which are
the essential ingredients of common black ink.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Gallicus</i>
belonging to the Gauls, fr. <i>Galli</i> the Gauls, <i>Gallia</i>
Gaul, now France: cf. F. <i>gallique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to Gaul or
France; Gallican.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Gallicanus</i>: cf. F. <i>gallican</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
Gaul or France; Gallic; French; as, the <i>Gallican</i> church or
clergy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*can</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent to, and
supporter of, Gallicanism.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*can*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles, tendencies, or action of those, within the Roman Catholic
Church in France, who (esp. in 1682) sought to restrict the papal
authority in that country and increase the power of the national
church.</def>  <i>Schaff-Herzog Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gallicisme</i>.] <def>A mode of speech peculiar to the French; a
French idiom; also, in general, a French mode or custom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gallicized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gallicizing</u> (?).] <def>To conform to the French
mode or idiom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lied</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Worried; flurried; frightened.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like the Gallinae (or <i>Galliformes</i>) in
structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`li*gas"kins</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Prob.
corrupted fr. It. <i>Grechesco</i> Grecian, a name which seems to
have been given in Venice, and to have been afterwards confused with
<i>Gascony</i>, as if they came from Gascony.] <def>Loose hose or
breeches; leather leg quards. The word is used loosely and often in a
jocose sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gal`li*ma"ti*a</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Senseless talk. [Obs. or R.] See <u>Galimatias</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`li*mau"fry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gallimaufries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>galimafr&eacute;e</i> a
sort of ragout or mixed hash of different meats.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A hash of various kinds of meats, a ragout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Delighting in hodge-podge, <i>gallimaufries</i>,
forced meat.</blockquote> <i>King.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any absurd medley; a hotchpotch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Mahometan religion, which, being a
<i>gallimaufry</i> made up of many, partakes much of the
Jewish.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
substance obtained by the reduction of galle&iuml;n.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gal"li*nace*ae</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Gallinaceous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Gallinae</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`li*na"cean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Gallinae or gallinaceous
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`li*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>gallinaceus</i>, fr. <i>gallina</i> hen, fr. <i>gallus</i> cock.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling the domestic fowls and pheasants;
of or pertaining to the Gallinae.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gal*li"nae</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>gallina</i> a hen, <i>gallus</i> a cock.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of birds, including the common
domestic fowls, pheasants, grouse, quails, and allied forms; --
sometimes called <i>Rasores</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gall"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fitted to gall or
chafe; vexing; harassing; irritating.</def> -- <wf>Gall"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*nip`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large
mosquito.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*nule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gallinula</i> chicken, dim. of <i>gallina</i> hen: cf. F.
<i>gallinule</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several wading
birds, having long, webless toes, and a frontal shield, belonging to
the family <i>Rallidae</i>. They are remarkable for running rapidly
over marshes and on floating plants. The purple gallinule of America
is <i>Ionornis Martinica</i>, that of the Old World is <i>Porphyrio
porphyrio</i>. The common European gallinule (<i>Gallinula
chloropus</i>) is also called <i>moor hen</i>, <i>water hen</i>,
<i>water rail</i>, <i>moor coot</i>, <i>night bird</i>, and
erroneously <i>dabchick</i>. Closely related to it is the Florida
gallinule (<i>Gallinula galeata</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The purple gallinule of Southern Europe and Asia was
formerly believed to be able to detect and report adultery, and for
that reason, chiefly, it was commonly domesticated by the
ancients.</p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Galiot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal*lip"o*li oil`</hw> (?). <def>An inferior kind of olive
oil, brought from Gallipoli, in Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*pot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. OD.
<i>gleypot</i>, the first part of which is possibly akin to E.
<i>glad</i>. See <u>Glad</u>, and <u>Pot</u>.] <def>A glazed earthen
pot or vessel, used by druggists and apothecaries for containing
medicines, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>Gallia</i> France.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element,
found in certain zinc ores. It is white, hard, and malleable,
resembling aluminium, and remarkable for its low melting point
(86&deg; F., 30&deg; C). Symbol Ga. Atomic weight 69.9.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The element was predicted with most of its properties,
under the name <i>ekaluminium</i>, by the Russian chemist
Mendelejeff, on the basis of the Periodic law. This prediction was
verified in its discovery by the French chemist Lecoq de Boisbaudran
by its characteristic spectrum (two violet lines), in an examination
of a zinc blende from the Pyrenees.</p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*vant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From
<u>Gallant</u>.] <def>To play the beau; to wait upon the ladies;
also, to roam about for pleasure without any definite plan.</def>
[Slang]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*vat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Prob. fr. Pg.
<i>galeota</i>; cf. E. <i>galiot</i>, <i>galley</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A small armed vessel, with sails and oars, -- used on the
Malabar coast.</def>  <i>A. Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*wasp`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A West Indian lizard
(<i>Celestus occiduus</i>), about a foot long, imagined by the
natives to be venomous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gall"nut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A round gall produced on the leaves and shoots of various
species of the oak tree. See <u>Gall</u>, and
<u>Nutgall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`lo*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Galli</i>
Gauls + <i>mania</i> madness.] <def>An excessive admiration of what
is French.</def> -- <wf>Gal`lo*ma"ni*ac</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF <i>galon</i>,
<i>jalon</i>, LL. <i>galo</i>, <i>galona</i>, fr. <i>galum</i> a
liquid measure; cf. F. <i>jale</i> large bowl.  Cf. <u>Gill</u> a
measure.] <def>A measure of capacity, containing four quarts; --
used, for the most part, in liquid measure, but sometimes in dry
measure.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>standart gallon</i> of the Unites States contains
231 cubic inches, or 8.3389 pounds avoirdupois of distilled water at
its maximum density, and with the barometer at 30 inches. This is
almost exactly equivalent to a cylinder of seven inches in diameter
and six inches in height, and is the same as the old English <i>wine
gallon</i>. The <i>beer gallon</i>, now little used in the United
States, contains 282 cubic inches. The English <i>imperial gallon</i>
contains 10 pounds avoirdupois of distilled water at 62&?; of
Fahrenheit, and barometer at 30 inches, equal to 277.274 cubic
inches.</p>

<p><hw>Gal*loon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From F. or Sp.
<i>galon</i>. See <u>Gala</u>. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A narrow
tapelike fabric used for binding hats, shoes, etc., -- sometimes made
ornamental.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A similar bordering or binding of rich
material, such as gold lace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Silver and gold <i>galloons</i>, with the like
glittering gewgaws.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal*looned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished or
adorned with galloon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Galloped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Galloping</u>.] [OE. <i>galopen</i>, F. <i>galoper</i>, of German
origin; cf. assumed Goth. <i>ga-hlaupan</i> to run, OHG.
<i>giloufen</i>, AS. <i>gehle&aacute;pan</i> to leap, dance, fr. root
of E. <i>leap</i>, and a prefix; or cf. OFlem. <i>walop</i> a gallop.
See <u>Leap</u>, and cf. 1st <u>Wallop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To move or run in the mode called a gallop; as a horse; to go at
a gallop; to run or move with speed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>gallop</i> lively down the western
hill.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><! p. 610 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ride a horse at a gallop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To go rapidly or carelessly, as in
making a hasty examination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such superficial ideas he may collect in
<i>galloping</i> over it.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
gallop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>galop</i>. See
<u>Gallop</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Galop</u>.] <def>A
mode of running by a quadruped, particularly by a horse, by lifting
alternately the fore feet and the hind feet, in successive leaps or
bounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hand gallop</b></col>, <cd>a slow or gentle
gallop.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lo*pade`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>galopade</i>. See <u>Gallop</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>I horsemanship, a sidelong or curveting kind
of gallop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of dance; also, music to the dance;
a galop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`lo*pade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gallopaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gallopading</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To gallop, as on
horseback.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perform the dance called
gallopade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lop*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, gallops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A carriage on which very
small guns were formerly mounted, the gun resting on the shafts,
without a limber.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Galloper gun</b></col>, <cd>a light gun, supported on a
galloper, -- formerly attached to British infantry
regiments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lo*pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F. <i>galopin</i>.
See <u>Gallop</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>An under servant for
the kitchen; a scullion; a cook's errand boy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lop*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going at a
gallop; progressing rapidly; as, a <i>galloping</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`lo*tan"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Gall</i>
nutgall + <i>tannic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
tannin or nutgalls.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gallotannic acid</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Tannic acid</i>,
under <u>Tannic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>&amacr;gelwan</i> to stupefy.] <def>To fright or terrify. See
<u>Gally</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lo*way</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small horse of a breed raised at <i>Galloway</i>, Scotland; --
called also <i>garran</i>, and <i>garron</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"low*glass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir.
<i>galloglach</i>.  Cf. <u>Gillie</u>.] <def>A heavy-armed foot
soldier from Ireland and the Western Isles in the time of Edward
&?;</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lows</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gallowses</b></plw> (#) or <plw><b>Gallows</b></plw>. [OE.
<i>galwes</i>, pl., AS. <i>galga</i>, <i>gealga</i>, gallows, cross;
akin to D. <i>galg</i> gallows, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>galgo</i>, G.
<i>galgen</i>, Icel. <i>g&amacr;lgi</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>galge</i>,
Goth. <i>galga</i> a cross. Etymologically and historically
considered, <i>gallows</i> is a noun in the plural number, but it is
used as a singular, and hence is preceded by <i>a</i>; as, <i>a
gallows</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A frame from which is suspended
the rope with which criminals are executed by hanging, usually
consisting of two upright posts and a crossbeam on the top; also, a
like frame for suspending anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So they hanged Haman on the
<i>gallows</i>.</blockquote> <i>Esther vii. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I hang, I'll make a fat pair of
<i>gallows</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, there were desolation of gaolers and
<i>gallowses</i>!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wretch who deserves the gallows.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The rest for the tympan
when raised.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A pair of suspenders or
braces.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Gallows bird</b></col>, <cd>a person who deserves the
gallows.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Gallows bitts</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>one of two or more frames amidships on deck for
supporting spare spars; -- called also <i>gallows</i>, <i>gallows
top</i>, <i>gallows frame</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Gallows
frame</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The frame supporting the
beam of an engine.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<cd>Gallows bitts.</cd> -- <col><b>Gallows</b></col>, or
<col><b>Gallow tree</b></col>, <cd>the gallows.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote> At length him nail&eacute;d on a <i>gallow
tree</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gall"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A concretion,
or calculus, formed in the gall bladder or biliary passages. See
<u>Calculus</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Gallow</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To frighten; to worry.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]  <i>T. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gall"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like gall; bitter
as gall.</def>  <i>Cranmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Galley</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`ly*gas"kins</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Galligaskins</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*loche"</hw>, <hw>Ga*loshe"</hw> (&?;), [OE. <i>galoche</i>,
<i>galache</i>, <i>galage</i>, shoe, F. <i>galoche</i> galoche, perh.
altered fr. L. <i>gallica</i> a Gallic shoe, or fr. LL.
<i>calopedia</i> wooden shoe, or shoe with a wooden sole, Gr. &?;,
dim. of &?;, &?;, a shoemaker's last; &?; wood + &?; foot.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A clog or patten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor were worthy [to] unbuckle his
<i>galoche</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: An overshoe worn in wet
weather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gaiter, or legging, covering the upper
part of the shoe and part of the leg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*loot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A noisy,
swaggering, or worthless fellow; a rowdy.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Gal"op</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A kind of lively dance, in 2-4 time; also, the music to the
dance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*lore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Scot.
<i>gelore</i>, <i>gilore</i>, <i>galore</i>, fr. <i>Gael</i>. <i>gu
le&ograve;r</i>, enough; <i>gu-</i> to, also an adverbial prefix +
<i>le&ograve;r</i>, <i>le&ograve;ir</i>, enough; or fr. Ir.
<i>goleor</i>, the same word.] <def>Plenty; abundance; in
abundance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*loshe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Galoche</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Galpe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gape,; to
yawn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gal"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Gall</i>
bitterness + <i>some</i>.] <def>Angry; malignant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Morton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Galt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gault</u>.]
<def>Same as <u>Gault</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal*van"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Galvani</i>, a professor of physiology at Bologna, on account of
his connection (about 1780) with the discovery of dynamical or
current electricity: cf. F. <i>galvanique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to, or exhibiting the phenomena of, galvanism; employing or producing
electrical currents.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Galvanic battery</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>an
apparatus for generating electrical currents by the mutual action of
certain liquids and metals; -- now usually called <i>voltaic
battery</i>. See <u>Battery</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Galvanic</b></col>
<col><b>circuit or circle</b></col>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Circuit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Galvanic pile</b></col>
<i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>the voltaic pile. See under
<u>Voltaic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gal"va*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Galvani</i>: cf. F. <i>galvanisme</i>. See <u>Galvanic</u>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Electricity excited by the
mutual action of certain liquids and metals; dynamical
electricity.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The branch of physical
science which treats of dynamical elecricity, or the properties and
effects of electrical currents.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The words <i>galvanism</i> and <i>galvanic</i>, formerly in
very general use, are now rarely employed. For the latter,
<i>voltaic</i>, from the name of <i>Volta</i>, is commonly used.</p>

<p><hw>Gal"va*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
galvanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"va*niza`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of process of galvanizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"va*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Galvanized</u> (?); <pos><i>p pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Galvanizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>galvaniser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To affect with galvanism; to subject to the
action of electrical currents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To plate, as with gold, silver, etc., by
means of electricity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To restore to consciousness by galvanic
action (as from a state of suspended animation); hence, to stimulate
or excite to a factitious animation or activity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To coat, as iron, with zinc. See
<i>Galvanized iron</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Galvanized iron</b></col>, <cd>formerly, iron coated with
zink by electrical deposition; now more commonly, iron coated with
zink by plunging into a bath of melted zink, after its surface has
been cleaned by friction with the aid of dilute acid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gal"va*ni`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, galvanize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal*van`o*caus"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Galvanic</i> + <i>caustic</i>.] <def>Relating to the use of
galvanic heat as a caustic, especially in medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal*van`o*cau"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Cautery effected by a knife or needle heated by
the passage of a galvanic current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`va*nog"ly*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Galvanic</i> + Gr. &?; to engrave.] <def>Same as
<u>Glyphography</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal*van"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Galvanic</i> + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Engraving)</i> <def>A
copperplate produced by the method of galvanography; also, a picture
printed from such a plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal*van`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to galvanography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`va*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Galvanic</i> + <i>-graphy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art
or process of depositing metals by electricity;
electrotypy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A method of producing by means of
electrotyping process (without etching) copperplates which can be
printed from in the same manner as engraved plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`va*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
describes the phenomena of galvanism; a writer on
galvanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`va*nol"o*gy</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Galvanic</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A treatise on galvanism, or a description of
its phenomena.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`va*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Galvanic</i> + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>galvanom&egrave;tre</i>.]
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An instrument or apparatus for measuring the
intensity of an electric current, usually by the deflection of a
magnetic needle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Differential galvanometer</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Differental</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Sine
galvanometer</b></col>, <col><b>Cosine galvanometer</b></col>,
<col><b>Tangent galvanometer</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a
galvanometer in which the sine, cosine, or tangent respectively, of
the angle through which the needle is deflected, is proportional to
the strength of the current passed through the instrument.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gal*van`o*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or measured by, a galvanometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`va*nom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art
or process of measuring the force of electric currents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal*van`o*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Galvanic</i> + <i>-plastic</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the art
or process of electrotyping; employing, or produced by, the process
of electolytic deposition; as, a <i>galvano-plastic</i> copy of a
medal or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal*van"o*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>galanoplastie</i>.] <def>The art or process of
electrotypy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal*van`o*punc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Electro-puncture</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal*van`o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Galvanic</i> + <i>-scope</i>: cf. F. <i>galvanoscope</i>.]
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An instrument or apparatus for detecting the
presence of electrical currents, especially such as are of feeble
intensity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal*van`o*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a galvanoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`va*nos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The use of galvanism in physiological
experiments.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gal`va*not"o*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. E.
<i>galvanic</i> + Gr. &?; to tone.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Electrotonus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`va*not"ro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Galvanic</i> + Gr. &?; to turn.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The tendency
of a root to place its axis in the line of a galvanic
current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"wes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gallows.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ga"ma grass`</hw> (?). [From <i>Gama</i>, a cluster of the
Maldive Islands.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of grass (<i>Tripsacum
dactyloides</i>) tall, stout, and exceedingly productive; cultivated
in the West Indies, Mexico, and the Southern States of North America
as a forage grass; -- called also <i>sesame grass</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*mash"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gamaches</i>.] <def>High boots or buskins; in Scotland, short
spatterdashes or riding trousers, worn over the other
clothing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gam"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A viola da
gamba.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam*ba"does</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [I. or Sp.
<i>gamba</i> leg. See <u>Gambol</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Same
as <u>Gamashes</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His thin legs tenanted a pair of <i>gambadoes</i>
fastened at the side with rusty clasps.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gam"be*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Gambison</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam"bet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fr. <i>gambette</i>,
or It. <i>gambetta</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird of the
genuis <i>Totanus</i>. See <u>Tattler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam"bier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malayan.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The inspissated juice of a plant (<i>Uncaria
Gambir</i>) growing in Malacca. It is a powerful astringent, and,
under the name of <i>Terra Japonica</i>, is used for chewing with the
Areca nut, and is exported for tanning and dyeing.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Catechu.</def> [Written also <i>gambeer</i>
and <i>gambir</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gam"bi*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>gambeson</i>, <i>gambaison</i>, fr. <i>gambais</i>,
<i>wambais</i>, of German origin: cf. MHG. <i>wambeis</i>, G.
<i>wams</i> doublet, fr. OHG. w<i>amba</i>, stomach. See
<u>Womb</u>.] <def>A defensive garment formerly in use for the body,
made of cloth stuffed and quilted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam"bist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>gamba</i>
leg.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A performer upon the <i>viola di gamba</i>.
See under <u>Viola</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam"bit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gambit</i>, cf.
It. <i>gambitto</i> gambit, a tripping up. See <u>Gambol</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Chess Playing)</i> <def>A mode of opening
the game, in which a pawn is sacrificed to gain an attacking
position.</def>
 </p>

<p><hw>Gam"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gambled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gambling</u> (?).] [Dim. of <i>game</i>. See 2d <u>Game</u>.]
<def>To play or game for money or other stake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gamble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lose or squander
by gaming; -- usually with <i>away</i>.</def> "Bankrupts or sots who
have <i>gambled</i> or slept away their estates."  <i>Ames.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gam"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gambles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam*boge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A concrete
juice, or gum resin, produced by several species of trees in Siam,
Ceylon, and Malabar. It is brought in masses, or cylindrical rolls,
from <i>Cambodia</i>, or <i>Cambogia</i>, -- whence its name. The
best kind is of a dense, compact texture, and of a beatiful reddish
yellow. Taken internally, it is a strong and harsh cathartic and
emetic.</def> [Written also <i>camboge</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; There are several kinds of gamboge, but all are derived
from species of <i>Garcinia</i>, a genus of trees of the order
<i>Guttifer&aelig;</i>. The best Siam gamboge is thought to come from
<i>Garcinia Hanburii</i>. Ceylon gamboge is from <i>G. Morella</i>.
<i>G. pictoria</i>, of Western India, yields <i>gamboge</i>, and also
a kind of oil called <i>gamboge butter</i>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Gam*bo"gi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Gambogic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, resembling, or containing,
gamboge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam"bol</hw> (g&abreve;m"b&obreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>gambolde</i>, <i>gambaulde</i>, F. <i>gambade</i>, gambol,
fr. It. <i>gambata</i> kick, fr. L. <i>gamba</i> leg, akin to F.
<i>jambe</i>, OF. also, <i>gambe</i>, fr. L. <i>gamba</i>, hoof or
perh. joint: cf. Gr. <grk>kamph`</grk> a binding, winding, W., Ir. &
Gael. <i>cam</i> crooked; perh. akin to E. <i>chamber</i>: cf.F.
<i>gambiller</i> to kick about.  Cf. <u>Jamb</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Gammon</u> ham, <u>Gambadoes</u>.] <def>A
skipping or leaping about in frolic; a hop; a sportive prank.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gam"bol</hw> <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gamboled</u> (?), or <u>Gambolled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Gamboling</u> or <u>Gambolling</u>.] <def>To
dance and skip about in sport; to frisk; to skip; to play in frolic,
like boys or lambs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam"brel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gambe</i>,
<i>jambe</i> leg, F. <i>jambe</i>.  Cf. <u>Cambrel</u>,
<u>Chambrel</u>, and see <u>Gambol</u>. <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The hind leg of a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stick crooked like a horse's hind leg; -
- used by butchers in suspending slaughtered animals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gambrel roof</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a curb roof
having the same section in all parts, with a lower steeper slope and
an upper and flatter one, so that each gable is pentagonal in
form.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gam"brel</hw> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To truss or hang up
by means of a gambrel.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gam*broon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
twilled linen cloth for lining.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Game</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>cam</i>
crooked, and E. <i>gambol</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Crooked;
lame; as, a <i>game</i> leg.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Game</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>game</i>,
<i>gamen</i>, AS. <i>gamen</i>, <i>gomen</i>, play, sport; akin to
OS., OHG., &amp; Icel. <i>gaman</i>, Dan. <i>gammen</i> mirth, merriment,
OSw. <i>gamman</i> joy.  Cf. <u>Gammon</u> a game, <u>Backgammon</u>,
<u>Gamble</u> <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sport
of any kind; jest, frolic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have had pastimes here, and pleasant
<i>game</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contest, physical or mental, according
to certain rules, for amusement, recreation, or for winning a stake;
as, a <i>game</i> of chance; <i>games</i> of skill; field
<i>games</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But war's a <i>game</i>, which, were their subject
wise,<BR>
Kings would not play at.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Among the ancients, especially the Greeks and Romans, there
were regularly recurring public exhibitions of strength, agility, and
skill under the patronage of the government, usually accompanied with
religious ceremonies. Such were the Olympic, the Pythian, the Nemean,
and the Isthmian <i>games</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The use or practice of such a game; a
single match at play; a single contest; as, a <i>game</i> at
cards.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Talk the <i>game</i> o'er between the
deal.</blockquote> <i>Lloyd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is gained, as the stake in a
game; also, the number of points necessary to be scored in order to
win a game; as, in short whist five points are <i>game</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>In some games, a
point credited on the score to the player whose cards counts up the
highest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A scheme or art employed in the pursuit of
an object or purpose; method of procedure; projected line of
operations; plan; project.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your murderous <i>game</i> is nearly up.</blockquote>
<i>Blackw. Mag.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was obviously Lord Macaulay's <i>game</i> to
blacken the greatest literary champion of the cause he had set
himself to attack.</blockquote> <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Animals pursued and taken by sportsmen;
wild meats designed for, or served at, table.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those species of animals . . . distinguished from the
rest by the well-known appellation of <i>game</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Confidence game</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Confidence</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To make game of</b></col>, <cd>to
make sport of; to mock.</cd>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Game</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
a resolute, unyielding spirit, like the gamecock; ready to fight to
the last; plucky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>game</i> . . . .I felt that I could have
fought even to the death.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to such animals as are
hunted for game, or to the act or practice of hunting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Game bag</b></col>, <cd>a sportsman's bag for carrying
small game captured; also, the whole quantity of game taken.</cd> --
<col><b>Game bird</b></col>, <cd>any bird commonly shot for food,
esp. grouse, partridges, quails, pheasants, wild turkeys, and the
shore or wading birds, such as plovers, snipe, woodcock, curlew, and
sandpipers. The term is sometimes arbitrarily restricted to birds
hunted by sportsmen, with dogs and guns.</cd> -- <col><b>Game
egg</b></col>, <cd>an egg producing a gamecock.</cd> -- <col><b>Game
laws</b></col>, <cd>laws regulating the seasons and manner of taking
game for food or for sport.</cd> -- <col><b>Game preserver</b></col>,
<cd>a land owner who regulates the killing of game on his estate with
a view to its increase.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>To be game</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To show a brave, unyielding spirit.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be victor in a game.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To die game</b></col>, <cd>to maintain a bold, unyielding
spirit to the last; to die fighting.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 611 !></p>

<p><hw>Game</hw> (g&amacr;m), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gamed</u> (g&amacr;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gaming</u>.] [OE. <i>gamen</i>, <i>game&?;en</i>, to
rejoice, AS. <i>gamenian</i> to play. See <u>Game</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rejoice; to be
pleased; -- often used, in Old English, impersonally with
dative.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God loved he best with all his whole hearte<BR>
At alle times, though him <i>gamed</i> or smarte.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To play at any sport or
diversion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To play for a stake or prize; to use
cards, dice, billiards, or other instruments, according to certain
rules, with a view to win money or other thing waged upon the issue
of the contest; to gamble.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Game"cock`</hw> (-k&obreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male game fowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Game" fowl`</hw> (-foul`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A handsome
breed of the common fowl, remarkable for the great courage and
pugnacity of the males.</def></p>

<p><hw>Game"ful</hw> (-f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
game or games.</def></p>

<p><hw>Game"keep`er</hw> (-k&emacr;p`&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who has the care of game, especially in a park or
preserve.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Game"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Game"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a plucky manner;
spiritedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Game"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Endurance;
pluck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Game"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gay; sportive;
playful; frolicsome; merry.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gladness of the <i>gamesome</i> crowd.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Game"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Game"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Game"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Game</i> + <i>-
ster</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A merry, frolicsome person.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who plays at games; esp., one
accustomed to play for a stake; a gambler; one skilled in
games.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When lenity and cruelty play for a kingdom, the
gentlest <i>gamester</i> is the soonest winner.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A prostitute; a strumpet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; marriage.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or resulting from, sexual
connection; formed by the union of the male and female
elements.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gam"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A neglected
and untrained city boy; a young street Arab.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In Japan, the <i>gamins</i> run after you, and say,
'Look at the Chinaman.'</blockquote> <i>L. Oliphant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gam"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
practice of playing games for stakes or wagers; gambling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The third letter
(&GAMMA;, &gamma; = Eng. <i>G</i>) of the Greek alphabet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam*ma"di*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cross
formed of four capital gammas, formerly used as a mysterious ornament
on ecclesiastical vestments, etc. See <u>Fylfot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam"mer</hw> (g&abreve;m"m&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Possibly contr. fr. <i>godmother</i>; but prob. fr. <i>grammer</i>
for <i>grandmother</i>.  Cf. <u>Gaffer</u>.] <def>An old wife; an old
woman; -- correlative of <i>gaffer</i>, an old man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam"mon</hw> (-m&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>gambon</i>, F. <i>jambon</i>, fr. OF. <i>gambe</i> leg, F.
<i>jambe</i>. See <u>Gambol</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Ham</u>.] <def>The buttock or thigh of a hog, salted and smoked or
dried; the lower end of a flitch.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gam"mon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gammoned</u> (-m&ubreve;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gammoning</u>.] <def>To make bacon of; to salt and
dry in smoke.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Gam"mon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Game</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Backgammon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An imposition or hoax; humbug.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gam"mon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To beat in the game of backgammon, before an antagonist has been
able to get his "men" or counters home and withdraw any of them from
the board; as, to <i>gammon</i> a person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impose on; to hoax; to cajole.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gam"mon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymol. unknown.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To fasten (a bowsprit) to the stem of a vessel by
lashings of rope or chain, or by a band of iron.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gam"mon*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 5th
<u>Gammon</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The lashing or iron band by which
the bowsprit of a vessel is secured to the stem to opposite the
lifting action of the forestays.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gammoning fashion</b></col>, <cd>in the style of gammoning
lashing, that is, having the turns of rope crossed.</cd> --
<col><b>Gammoning hole</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a hole cut
through the knee of the head of a vessel for the purpose of gammoning
the bowsprit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gam"mon*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 4th
<u>Gammon</u>.] <def>The act of imposing upon or hoaxing a
person.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Gam`o*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
marriage + E. <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The production of
offspring by the union of parents of different sexes; sexual
reproduction; -- the opposite of <i>agamogenesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam`o*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Relating to gamogenesis.</def> --
<wf>Gam`o*ge*net"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gam`o*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
marriage + &?; form, shape.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That stage of growth
or development in an organism, in which the reproductive elements are
generated and matured in preparation for propagating the
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam`o*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
marriage + E. <i>petalous</i>: cf. F. <i>gamop&eacute;tale</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the petals united or joined so as to form a
tube or cup; monopetalous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*moph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
marriage + &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Composed of leaves united by
their edges (coalescent).</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gam`o*sep"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
marriage + E. <i>sepal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Formed of united
sepals; monosepalous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam"ut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gamme + ut</i>
the name of a musical note. F. <i>gamme</i> is fr. the name of the
Greek letter &?;, which was used by Guido d'Arezzo to represent the
first note of his model scale. See <u>Gamma</u>, and <u>Ut</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Having the flavor of game, esp. of game kept
uncooked till near the condition of tainting; high-
flavored.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Sporting)</i> <def>Showing an unyielding
spirit to the last; plucky; furnishing sport; as, a <i>gamy</i>
trout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Gin</u>. [See
<u>Gin</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Began; commenced.</def>
</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Gan</i> was formerly used with the infinitive to form
compound imperfects, as <i>did</i> is now employed. <i>Gan</i>
regularly denotes the singular; the plural is usually denoted by
<i>gunne</i> or <i>gonne</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>This man <i>gan fall</i> (<i>i.e.</i>, fell) in great
suspicion.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The little coines to their play <i>gunne hie</i>
(<i>i. e.</i>, hied).</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>Later writers use <i>gan</i> both for singular and plural.</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet at her speech their rages <i>gan</i>
relent.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ganch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ganche</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, also Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>gancho</i> hook, It.
<i>gancio</i>.] <def>To drop from a high place upon sharp stakes or
hooks, as the Turks dropped malefactors, by way of
punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ganching</i>, which is to let fall from on high
upon hooks, and there to hang until they die.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gandra</i>,
<i>ganra</i>, akin to Prov. G. <i>gander</i>, <i>ganter</i>, and E.
<i>goose</i>, <i>gannet</i>. See <u>Goose</u>.] <def>The male of any
species of goose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gane</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Yawn</u>.]
<def>To yawn; to gape.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ga*ne"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Hind. Myth.)</i>
<def>The Hindoo god of wisdom or prudence.</def></p>

<p>&fist; He is represented as a short, fat, red-colored man, with a
large belly and the head of an elephant.  <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gang</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gangan</i>,
akin to OS. &amp; OHG. <i>gangan</i>, Icel. <i>ganga</i>, Goth.
<i>gaggan</i>; cf. Lith. <i>&?;engti</i> to walk, Skr.
<i>ja&?;gha</i> leg. &radic;48.  Cf. <u>Go</u>.] <def>To go; to
walk.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Obsolete in English literature, but still used in the North
of England, and also in Scotland.</p>

<p><hw>Gang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>gangr</i> a going,
gang, akin to AS., D., G., &amp; Dan. <i>gang</i> a going, Goth.
<i>gaggs</i> street, way. See <u>Gang</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A going; a course.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A number going in company; hence, a
company, or a number of persons associated for a particular purpose;
a group of laborers under one foreman; a squad; as, a <i>gang</i> of
sailors; a chain <i>gang</i>; a <i>gang</i> of thieves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A combination of similar implements
arranged so as, by acting together, to save time or labor; a set; as,
a <i>gang</i> of saws, or of plows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A set; all required for an
outfit; as, a new <i>gang</i> of stays.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Gangue</u>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The
mineral substance which incloses a vein; a matrix; a
gangue.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gang board</b></col>, or <col><b>Gang plank</b></col>.
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A board or plank, with cleats
for steps, forming a bridge by which to enter or leave a vessel.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A plank within or without the bulwarks of a
vessel's waist, for the sentinel to walk on.</cd> -- <col><b>Gang
cask</b></col>, <cd>a small cask in which to bring water aboard ships
or in which it is kept on deck.</cd> -- <col><b>Gang
cultivator</b></col>, <col><b>Gang plow</b></col>, <cd>a cultivator
or plow in which several shares are attached to one frame, so as to
make two or more furrows at the same time.</cd> -- <col><b>Gang
days</b></col>, <cd>Rogation days; the time of perambulating
parishes. See <i>Gang week</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Gang
drill</b></col>, <cd>a drilling machine having a number of drills
driven from a common shaft.</cd> -- <col><b>Gang master</b></col>,
<cd>a master or employer of a gang of workmen.</cd> -- <col><b>Gang
plank</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Gang board</i> (above).</cd> --
<col><b>Gang plow</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Gang cultivator</i>
(above).</cd> -- <col><b>Gang press</b></col>, <cd>a press for
operating upon a pile or row of objects separated by intervening
plates.</cd> -- <col><b>Gang saw</b></col>, <cd>a saw fitted to be
one of a combination or gang of saws hung together in a frame or
sash, and set at fixed distances apart.</cd> -- <col><b>Gang
tide</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Gang week</i> (below).</cd> --
<col><b>Gang tooth</b></col>, <cd>a projecting tooth.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i> -- <col><b>Gang week</b></col>, <cd>Rogation week,
when formerly processions were made to survey the bounds of
parishes.</cd> <i>Halliwell.</i> -- <col><b>Live gang</b></col>, or
<col><b>Round gang</b></col>, <cd>the Western and the Eastern names,
respectively, for a gang of saws for cutting the round log into
boards at one operation.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Slabbing
gang</b></col>, <cd>an arrangement of saws which cuts slabs from two
sides of a log, leaving the middle part as a thick beam.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gang"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who oversees a
gang of workmen.</def> [R.]  <i>Mayhew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gan*get"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or inhabiting, the Ganges; as, the <i>Gangetic</i> shark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gang"-flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The common English milkwort (<i>Polygala vulgaris</i>), so
called from blossoming in <i>gang</i> week.</def>  <i>Dr.
Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gan"gion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A short line attached to a trawl. See <u>Trawl</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gan"gli*ac</hw> (?), <hw>Gan"gli*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Relating to a ganglion;
ganglionic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gan"gli*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Gan"gli*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Furnished with ganglia; as,
the <i>gangliated</i> cords of the sympathetic nervous
system.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gan"gli*form`</hw> (?), <hw>Gan"gli*o*form`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ganglion</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having the form of a ganglion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gan"gli*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Ganglia</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Ganglions</b></plw> (#).
[L. <i>ganglion</i> a sort of swelling or excrescence, a tumor under
the skin, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>ganglion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mass or knot of nervous
matter, including nerve cells, usually forming an enlargement in the
course of a nerve.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A node, or gland in
the lymphatic system; as, a lymphatic <i>ganglion</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A globular, hard, indolent
tumor, situated somewhere on a tendon, and commonly formed by the
effusion of a viscid fluid into it; -- called also <i>weeping
sinew</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ganglion cell</b></col>, <cd>a nerve cell. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Bipolar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gan"gli*on*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ganglionnarie</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Ganglionic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gan`gli*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ganglionique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, containing,
or consisting of, ganglia or ganglion cells; as, a <i>ganglionic</i>
artery; the <i>ganglionic</i> columns of the spinal cord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gan"grel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gang</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Wandering; vagrant.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gan"gre*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
gangrene.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gan"grene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gangr&egrave;ne</i>, L. <i>gangraena</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
gnaw, eat; cf. Skr. <i>gras</i>, <i>gar</i>, to devour, and E.
<i>voracious</i>, also <i>canker</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, in sense
3.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A term formerly restricted to mortification of
the soft tissues which has not advanced so far as to produce complete
loss of vitality; but now applied to mortification of the soft parts
in any stage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gan"grene</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gangrened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gangrening</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>gangr&eacute;ner</i>.]
<def>To produce gangrene in; to be affected with gangrene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gan`gre*nes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to mortification or gangrene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gan"gre*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gangr&eacute;neux</i>.] <def>Affected by, or produced by,
gangrene; of the nature of gangrene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gangue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gangue</i>, fr.
G. <i>gang</i> a metallic vein, a passage. See <u>Gang</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The mineral or earthy
substance associated with metallic ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gang"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gang</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A passage or way
into or out of any inclosed place; esp., a temporary way of access
formed of planks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the English House of Commons, a narrow
aisle across the house, below which sit those who do not vote steadly
either with the government or with the opposition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The opening through the
bulwarks of a vessel by which persons enter or leave it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That part of the spar deck
of a vessel on each side of the booms, from the quarter-deck to the
forecastle; -- more properly termed the <i>waist</i>.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gangway ladder</b></col>, <cd>a ladder rigged on the side
of a vessel at the gangway.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring to the
gangway</b></col>, <cd>to punish (a seaman) by flogging him at the
gangway.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gan"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A kind of
brittle limestone.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gan"is*ter</hw> (?), <hw>Gan"nis*ter</hw>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A refractory material
consisting of crushed or ground siliceous stone, mixed with fire
clay; -- used for lining Bessemer converters; also used for
macadamizing roads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gan"ja</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>g&amacr;njh&amacr;</i>.] <def>The dried hemp plant, used in India
for smoking. It is extremely narcotic and intoxicating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gan"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gant</i>, AS.
<i>ganet</i>, ganot, a sea fowl, a fen duck; akin to D. <i>gent</i>
gander, OHG. <i>ganazzo</i>. See <u>Gander</u>, <u>Goose</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species of sea birds of the
genus <i>Sula</i>, allied to the pelicans.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common gannet of Europe and America (<i>S.
bassana</i>), is also called <i>solan goose</i>, <i>chandel
goose</i>, and <i>gentleman</i>. In Florida the wood ibis is commonly
called <i>gannet</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Booby gannet</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Sula</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Gan`o*ceph"a*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; brightness + &?; head.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A group of
fossil amphibians allied to the labyrinthodonts, having the head
defended by bony, sculptured plates, as in some ganoid
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gan`o*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Ganocephala.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; brightness +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to Ganoidei.
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> One of the Ganoidei.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ganoid scale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one kind
of scales of the ganoid fishes, composed of an inner layer of bone,
and an outer layer of shining enamel. They are often so arranged as
to form a coat of mail.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ga*noid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Ganoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ga*noi"de*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ganoid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the subclasses of
fishes. They have an arterial cone and bulb, spiral intestinal valve,
and the optic nerves united by a chiasma. Many of the species are
covered with bony plates, or with ganoid scales; others have cycloid
scales.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They were numerous, and some of them of large size, in
early geological periods; but they are represented by comparatively
few living species, most of which inhabit fresh waters, as the
bowfin, gar pike, bichir, Ceratodus, paddle fish, and sturgeon.</p>

<p><hw>Ga*noid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Ganoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga"no*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A peculiar bony tissue beneath the enamel of a ganoid
scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gan"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ganza</u>.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gant"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gantlet</i> is
corrupted fr. <i>gantlope</i>; <i>gantlope</i> is for
<i>gatelope</i>, Sw. <i>gatlopp</i>, orig., a running down a lane;
gata street, lane + lopp course, career, akin to l&ouml;pa to run.
See <u>Gate</u> a way, and <u>Leap</u>.] <def>A military punishment
formerly in use, wherein the offender was made to run between two
files of men facing one another, who struck him as he
passed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To run the gantlet</b></col>, <cd>to suffer the punishment
of the gantlet; hence, to go through the ordeal of severe criticism
or controversy, or ill-treatment at many hands.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Winthrop ran the <i>gantlet</i> of daily
slights.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Written also, but less properly, <i>gauntlet</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Gant"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A glove. See
<u>Gauntlet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gant"line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A line rigged
to a mast; -- used in hoisting rigging; a girtline.</def></p>

<p><! p. 612 !></p>

<p><hw>Gant"lope`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gantlet</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gan"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gauntree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gan"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>gansa</i>,
<i>ganso</i>, goose; of Gothic origin. See <u>Gannet</u>,
<u>Goose</u>.] <def>A kind of wild goose, by a flock of which a
virtuoso was fabled to be carried to the lunar world.</def> [Also
<i>gansa</i>.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Jail</u>.] <def>A
place of confinement, especially for minor offenses or provisional
imprisonment; a jail.</def> [Preferably, and in the United States
usually, written <i>jail</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Commission of general gaol delivery</b></col>, <cd>an
authority conferred upon judges and others included in it, for trying
and delivering every prisoner in jail when the judges, upon their
circuit, arrive at the place for holding court, and for discharging
any whom the grand jury fail to indict.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Gaol
delivery</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See <i>Jail delivery</i>, under
<u>Jail</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gaol"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The keeper of a
jail. See <u>Jailer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gap</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>gap</i> an empty space, Sw. <i>gap</i> mouth, breach, abyss, Dan.
<i>gab</i> mouth, opening, AS. <i>geap</i> expanse; as adj., wide,
spacious. See <u>Gape</u>.] <def>An opening in anything made by
breaking or parting; as, a <i>gap</i> in a fence; an opening for a
passage or entrance; an opening which implies a breach or defect; a
vacant space or time; a hiatus; a mountain pass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Miseries ensued by the opening of that
<i>gap</i>.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It would make a great <i>gap</i> in your own
honor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gap lathe</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a turning lathe
with a deep notch in the bed to admit of turning a short object of
large diameter.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand in the gap</b></col>, <cd>to
expose one's self for the protection of something; to make defense
against any assailing danger; to take the place of a fallen defender
or supporter.</cd> -- <col><b>To stop a gap</b></col>, <cd>to secure
a weak point; to repair a defect.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
notch, as a sword or knife.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make an opening in; to
breach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their masses are <i>gapp'd</i> with our
grape.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gape</hw> (?; <i>in Eng, commonly</i> ?; 277), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gaped</u> (? or ?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Gaping</u>] [OE. <i>gapen</i>,
AS.  <i>geapan</i> to open; akin to D. <i>gapen</i> to gape, G.
<i>gaffen</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>gapa</i>, Dan. <i>gabe</i>; cf. Skr.
<i>jabh</i> to snap at, open the mouth.  Cf. <u>Gaby</u>,
<u>Gap</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To open the mouth wide</def>;
as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Expressing a desire for food; as, young
birds <i>gape</i>.</def> <i>Dryden.</i><sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Indicating sleepiness or indifference; to yawn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She stretches, <i>gapes</i>, unglues her eyes,<BR>
And asks if it be time to rise.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Showing self-forgetfulness in surprise,
astonishment, expectation, etc.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>gaping</i> wonderment had stared
aghast.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>Manifesting a desire to injure, devour, or
overcome.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>They have <i>gaped</i> upon me with their
mouth.</blockquote> <i>Job xvi. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pen or part widely; to exhibit a gap,
fissure, or hiatus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>May that ground <i>gape</i> and swallow me
alive!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To long, wait eagerly, or cry aloud for
something; -- with <i>for</i>, <i>after</i>, or <i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hungry grave for her due tribute
<i>gapes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To gaze; stare; yawn. See <u>Gaze</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Gape</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of gaping; a yawn.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The width of the mouth
when opened, as of birds, fishes, etc.</def></p>

<p><col>The gapes</col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A fit of
yawning.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A disease of young poultry and
other birds, attended with much gaping. It is caused by a parasitic
nematode worm (<i>Syngamus trachealis</i>), in the windpipe, which
obstructs the breathing. See <u>Gapeworm</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gap"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who gapes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
European fish. See 4th <u>Comber</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A large edible clam (<i>Schizoth&aelig;rus Nuttalli</i>), of the
Pacific coast; -- called also <i>gaper clam</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An East Indian bird of the genus
<i>Cymbirhynchus</i>, related to the broadbills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gape"seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any strange
sight.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gapes"ing</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
gazing about; sightseeing.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gape"worm`</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The parasitic worm that causes the gapes in
birds. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gap"ing*stock`</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who is an object of open-mouthed wonder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was to be a <i>gapingstock</i> and a scorn to the
young volunteers.</blockquote> <i>Godwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gap"-toothed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
interstices between the teeth.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. AS. <i>g&amacr;r</i>
dart, spear, lance. The name is applied to the fish on account of its
long and slender body and pointed head.  Cf. <u>Goad</u>,
<u>Gore</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any slender marine fish of the genera
<i>Belone</i> and <i>Tylosurus</i>. See <u>Garfish</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The gar pike. See <i>Alligator gar</i>
(under <u>Alligator</u>), and <i>Gar pike</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gar pike</b></col>, or <col><b>Garpike</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large, elongated ganoid fish of the genus
<i>Lepidosteus</i>, of several species, inhabiting the lakes and
rivers of temperate and tropical America.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin. See
<u>Gear</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To cause; to make.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"an*cin</hw> (?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>garance</i> madder, LL. <i>garantia</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
extract of madder by sulphuric acid. It consists essentially of
alizarin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Garb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>garbe</i> looks,
countenance, grace, ornament, fr. OHG. <i>garaw&imacr;</i>,
<i>garw&imacr;</i>, ornament, dress. akin to E. <i>gear</i>. See
<u>Gear</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Clothing in general.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The whole dress or suit of clothes worn by
any person, especially when indicating rank or office; as, the
<i>garb</i> of a clergyman or a judge.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Costume; fashion; as, the <i>garb</i> of a gentleman in the 16th
century.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>External appearance, as expressive of the
feelings or character; looks; fashion or manner, as of
speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You thought, because he could not speak English in the
native <i>garb</i>, he could not therefore handle an English
cudgel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Garb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gerbe</i>, OF. also
<i>garbe</i>, OHG. <i>garba</i>, G. <i>garbe</i>; cf. Skr.
<i>grbh</i> to seize, E. <i>grab</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A sheaf of
grain (wheat, unless otherwise specified).</def></p>

<p><hw>Garb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clothe; array;
deck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These black dog-Dons<BR>
<i>Garb</i> themselves bravely.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"bage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. also
<i>garbash</i>, perh. orig., that which is purged or cleansed away;
cf. OF. <i>garber</i> to make fine, neat, OHG.  <i>garawan</i> to
make ready, prepare, akin to E. <i>garb</i> dress; or perh. for
<i>garbleage</i>, fr. <i>garble</i>; or cf. OF. <i>garbage</i> tax on
sheaves, E. <i>garb</i> sheaf.] <def>Offal, as the bowels of an
animal or fish; refuse animal or vegetable matter from a kitchen;
hence, anything worthless, disgusting, or loathsome.</def>
<i>Grainger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"bage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strip of the
bowels; to clean.</def> "Pilchards . . . are <i>garbaged</i>."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Garbed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dressed; habited;
clad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"bel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Garboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"bel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Garble</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Anything sifted, or from which the
coarse parts have been taken.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gar"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Garbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Garbling</u>.] [Formerly, to pick out, sort, OF. <i>grabeler</i>,
for <i>garbeler</i> to examine precisely, garble spices, fr. LL.
<i>garbellare</i> to sift; cf. Sp. <i>garbillar</i> to sift,
<i>garbillo</i> a coarse sieve, L. <i>cribellum</i>, dim. of
<i>cribrum</i> sieve, akin to <i>cernere</i> to separate, sift (cf.
E. <u>Discern</u>); or perh. rather from Ar. <i>gharb&amacr;l</i>,
<i>gharbil</i>, sieve.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sift or bolt, to
separate the fine or valuable parts of from the coarse and useless
parts, or from dros or dirt; as, to <i>garble</i> spices.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pick out such parts of as may serve a
purpose; to mutilate; to pervert; as, to <i>garble</i> a quotation;
to <i>garble</i> an account.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Refuse; rubbish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wolcott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Impurities separated from
spices, drugs, etc.; -- also called <i>garblings</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
garbles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"board</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>One of the planks next the keel on the outside, which form a
garboard strake.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Garboard strake</b></col> or <col><b>streak</b></col>,
<cd>the first range or strake of planks laid on a ship's bottom next
the keel.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"boil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>garbouil</i>;
cf. Sp. <i>garbullo</i>, It. <i>garbuglio</i>; of uncertain origin;
the last part is perh. fr. L. <i>bullire</i> to boil, E.
<i>boil</i>.] <def>Tumult; disturbance; disorder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gar*cin"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants, including the mangosteen tree
(<i>Garcinia Mangostana</i>), found in the islands of the Indian
Archipelago; -- so called in honor of Dr. <i>Garcin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Garde</u>,
<u>Yard</u>] <def>Garden.</def> [Obs.] "Trees of the <i>gard</i>."
<i>F. Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gard</hw>, <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Guard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"dant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Guardant</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Turning the head towards the
spectator, but not the body; -- said of a lion or other
beast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"den</hw> (g&auml;r"d'n; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>gardin</i>, OF. <i>gardin</i>, <i>jardin</i>, F. <i>jardin</i>, of
German origin; cf. OHG. <i>garto</i>, G. <i>garten</i>; akin to AS.
<i>geard</i>. See <u>Yard</u> an inclosure.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A piece of ground appropriated to the cultivation of herbs,
fruits, flowers, or vegetables.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rich, well-cultivated spot or tract of
country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am arrived from fruitful Lombardy,<BR>
The pleasant <i>garden</i> of great Italy.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Garden</i> is often used adjectively or in self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>garden</i> flowers, <i>garden</i> tools,
<i>garden</i> walk, <i>garden</i> wall, <i>garden</i> house or
<i>garden</i>house.</p>

<p><col><b>Garden balsam</b></col>, <cd>an ornamental plant
(<i>Impatiens Balsamina</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Garden
engine</b></col>, <cd>a wheelbarrow tank and pump for watering
gardens.</cd> -- <col><b>Garden glass</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A bell glass for covering plants.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
globe of dark-colored glass, mounted on a pedestal, to reflect
surrounding objects; -- much used as an ornament in gardens in
Germany.</cd> -- <col><b>Garden house</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A summer house.</cd> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
privy.</cd> [Southern U.S.] -- <col><b>Garden husbandry</b></col>,
<cd>the raising on a small scale of seeds, fruits, vegetables, etc.,
for sale.</cd> -- <col><b>Garden</b></col> <col><b>mold or
mould</b></col>, <cd>rich, mellow earth which is fit for a
garden.</cd> <i>Mortimer.</i> -- <col><b>Garden nail</b></col>, <cd>a
cast nail used, for fastening vines to brick walls.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Garden net</b></col>, <cd>a net for
covering fruits trees, vines, etc., to protect them from birds.</cd>
-- <col><b>Garden party</b></col>, <cd>a social party held out of
doors, within the grounds or garden attached to a private
residence.</cd> -- <col><b>Garden plot</b></col>, <cd>a plot
appropriated to a garden.</cd> <col><b>Garden pot</b></col>, <cd>a
watering pot.</cd> -- <col><b>Garden pump</b></col>, <cd>a garden
engine; a barrow pump.</cd> -- <col><b>Garden shears</b></col>,
<cd>large shears, for clipping trees and hedges, pruning, etc.</cd> -
- <col><b>Garden spider</b></col>, <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
diadem spider (<i>Epeira diadema</i>), common in gardens, both in
Europe and America. It spins a geometrical web. See <i>Geometric
spider</i>, and <i>Spider web</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Garden
stand</b></col>, <cd>a stand for flower pots.</cd> -- <col><b>Garden
stuff</b></col>, <cd>vegetables raised in a garden.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>Garden syringe</b></col>, <cd>a syringe for watering plants,
sprinkling them with solutions for destroying insects, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Garden truck</b></col>, <cd>vegetables raised for the
market.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Garden ware</b></col>, <cd>garden
truck.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Mortimer.</i> --   <col><b>Bear
garden</b></col>, <col><b>Botanic garden</b></col>, <cd>etc. See
under <u>Bear</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Hanging garden</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Hanging</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Kitchen
garden</b></col>, <cd>a garden where vegetables are cultivated for
household use.</cd> -- <col><b>Market garden</b></col>, <cd>a piece
of ground where vegetable are cultivated to be sold in the markets
for table use.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gar"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gardened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gardening</u>.] <def>To lay out or cultivate a garden; to labor in
a garden; to practice horticulture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cultivate as a
garden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"den*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
and tends a garden; a horticulturist.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Garde"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants, some species of which produce
beautiful and fragrant flowers; Cape jasmine; -- so called in honor
of Dr. Alexander <i>Garden</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"den*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
occupation of laying out and cultivating gardens;
horticulture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"den*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
a garden.</def>  <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"den*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
garden.</def> [R.]  <i>W. Marshall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"den*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Horticulture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gar"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A European cyprinoid fish; the id.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar`dy*loo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gare
l'eau</i> beware of the water.] <def>An old cry in throwing water,
slops, etc., from the windows in Edingburgh.</def>  <i>Sir. W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gear</u>.]
<def>Coarse wool on the legs of sheep.</def>  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gare"fowl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The great auk; also, the razorbill. See <u>Auk</u>.</def>
[Written also <i>gairfowl</i>, and <i>gurfel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gar"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gar</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
European marine fish (<i>Belone vulgaris</i>); -- called also
<i>gar</i>, <i>gerrick</i>, <i>greenback</i>, <i>greenbone</i>,
<i>gorebill</i>, <i>hornfish</i>, <i>longnose</i>, <i>mackerel
guide</i>, <i>sea needle</i>, and <i>sea pike</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of several species of similar fishes of
the genus <i>Tylosurus</i>, of which one species (<i>T. marinus</i>)
is common on the Atlantic coast. <i>T. Caribb&aelig;us</i>, a very
large species, and <i>T. crassus</i>, are more southern; -- called
also <i>needlefish</i>. Many of the common names of the European
garfish are also applied to the American species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ga*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Gargle</u>, <u>Gargarize</u>.] <def>To gargle; to rinse.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ga*ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small European duck (<i>Anas querquedula</i>); -- called also
<i>cricket teal</i>, and <i>summer teal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar*gan"tu*an</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Gargantua</i>, an allegorical hero of Rabelais.]
<def>Characteristic of Gargantua, a gigantic, wonderful personage;
enormous; prodigious; inordinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ga*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gargarisme</i>, L. <i>gargarisma</i>. See <u>Gargarize</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A gargle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ga*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gargarizare</i>, fr. Gr. &?;.] <def>To gargle; to rinse or wash,
as the mouth and throat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Garget</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>garget</i>,
<i>gargate</i>, throat, OF. <i>gargate</i>.  Cf. <u>Gorge</u>. The
etymol. of senses 2, 3, &amp; 4 is not certain.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The throat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A diseased condition of the udders of
cows, etc., arising from an inflammation of the mammary
glands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A distemper in hogs, indicated by
staggering and loss of appetite.</def>  <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Poke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"gil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Garget</u>,
<u>Gargoyle</u>.] <def>A distemper in geese, affecting the
head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See
<u>Gargoyle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Garggled</u> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gargling</u> (&?;).] [F. <i>gargouiller</i> to dabble, paddle,
gargle.  Cf. <u>Gargoyle</u>, <u>Gurgle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To wash or rinse, as the mouth or throat, particular the latter,
agitating the liquid (water or a medicinal preparation) by an
expulsion of air from the lungs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To warble; to sing as if gargling</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A liquid, as water or
some medicated preparation, used to cleanse the mouth and throat,
especially for a medical effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"gol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gargil</u>.]
<def>A distemper in swine; garget.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gar`gou*lette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
water cooler or jug with a handle and spout; a gurglet.</def>
<i>Mollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"goyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>garguilie</i>, <i>gargouille</i>, cf. Sp. <i>g&aacute;rgola</i>,
prob. fr. the same source as F. <i>gorge</i> throat, influenced by L.
<i>gargarizare</i> to gargle. See <u>Gorge</u> and cf. <u>Gargle</u>,
<u>Gargarize</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A spout projecting from the
roof gutter of a building, often carved grotesquely.</def> [Written
also <i>gargle</i>, <i>gargyle</i>, and <i>gurgoyle</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gar"gyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>See <u>Gargoyle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga`ri*bal"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A jacket worn by women; -- so called from its resemblance in
shape to the red shirt worn by the Italians patriot
<i>Garibaldi</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A California market
fish (<i>Pomancentrus rubicundus</i>) of a deep scarlet
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>gauren</i>
to stare; of uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>gairish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Showy; dazzling; ostentatious; attracting or
exciting attention.</def> "The <i>garish</i> sun." "A <i>garish</i>
flag." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>In</i> . . . <i>garish</i> colors."
<i>Asham.</i> "<i>The garish</i> day." <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Garish</i> like the laughters of
drunkenness.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gay to extravagance; flighty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It makes the mind loose and
<i>garish</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Gar"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Garish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>garland</i>,
<i>gerlond</i>, OF. <i>garlande</i>, F. <i>guirlande</i>; of
uncertain origin; cf. OHG. <i>wiara</i>, <i>wiera</i>, crown, pure
gold, MHG. <i>wieren</i> to adorn.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The crown of a king.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Graffon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wreath of chaplet made of branches,
flowers, or feathers, and sometimes of precious stones, to be worn on
the head like a crown; a coronal; a wreath.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><! p. 613 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The top; the thing most prized.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A book of extracts in prose or poetry; an
anthology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [ballads] began to be collected into little
miscellanies under the name of <i>garlands</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Percy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sort
of netted bag used by sailors to keep provision in.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A grommet or ring of rope lashed to a spar
for convenience in handling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Garlanded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Garlanding</u>.] <def>To deck with a garland.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"land*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
garland.</def>  <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>garlek</i>, AS.
<i>g&amacr;rle&aacute;c</i>; <i>gar</i> spear, lance +
<i>le&aacute;c</i> leek. See <u>Gar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and
<u>Leek</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the
genus <i>Allium</i> (<i>A. sativum</i> is the cultivated variety),
having a bulbous root, a very strong smell, and an acrid, pungent
taste. Each root is composed of several lesser bulbs, called
<i>cloves of garlic</i>, inclosed in a common membranous coat, and
easily separable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of jig or farce.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Taylor (1630).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Garlic mustard</b></col>, <cd>a European plant of the
Mustard family (<i>Alliaria officinalis</i>) which has a strong smell
of garlic.</cd> -- <col><b>Garlic pear tree</b></col>, <cd>a tree in
Jamaica (<i>Crat&aelig;va gynandra</i>), bearing a fruit which has a
strong scent of garlic, and a burning taste.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gar"lick*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like or
containing garlic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>garnement</i>,
OF. <i>garnement</i>, <i>garniment</i>, fr. <i>garnir</i> to garnish.
See <u>Garnish</u>.] <def>Any article of clothing, as a coat, a gown,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man putteth a piece of new cloth unto old
<i>garment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. ix. 16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ment*ed</hw>, <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Having on a
garment; attired; enveloped, as with a garment.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>A lovely lady <i>garmented</i> in light<BR>
From her own beauty.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"men*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Clothing;
dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>garner</i>,
<i>gerner</i>, <i>greiner</i>, OF. <i>gernier</i>, <i>grenier</i>, F.
<i>grenier</i>, fr. L. <i>granarium</i>, fr. <i>granum</i>. See 1st
<u>Grain</u>, and cf. <u>Granary</u>.] <def>A granary; a building or
place where grain is stored for preservation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ner</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Garnered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Garnering</u>.] <def>To gather for preservation; to store, as in a
granary; to treasure.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gernet</i>,
<i>grenat</i>, OF. <i>grenet</i>,<i>grenat</i>, F. <i>grenat</i>, LL.
<i>granatus</i>, fr. L. <i>granatum</i> pomegranate, <i>granatus</i>
having many grains or seeds, fr. <i>granum</i> grain, seed. So called
from its resemblance in color and shape to the grains or seeds of the
pomegranate. See <u>Grain</u>, and cf. <u>Grenade</u>,
<u>Pomegranate</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral having many
varieties differing in color and in their constituents, but with the
same crystallization (isometric), and conforming to the same general
chemical formula. The commonest color is red, the luster is vitreous,
and the hardness greater than that of quartz. The dodecahedron and
trapezohedron are the common forms.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are also white, green, yellow, brown, and black
varieties. The garnet is a silicate, the bases being aluminia lime
(<i>grossularite</i>, <i>essonite</i>, or <i>cinnamon stone</i>), or
aluminia magnesia (<i>pyrope</i>), or aluminia iron
(<i>almandine</i>), or aluminia manganese (<i>spessartite</i>), or
iron lime (<i>common garnet</i>, <i>melanite</i>,
<i>allochroite</i>), or chromium lime (<i>ouvarovite</i>, color
emerald green). The transparent red varieties are used as gems. The
garnet was, in part, the carbuncle of the ancients. Garnet is a very
common mineral in gneiss and mica slate.</p>

<p><col><b>Garnet berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the red currant;
-- so called from its transparent red color.</cd> -- <col><b>Garnet
brown</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an artificial dyestuff, produced
as an explosive brown crystalline substance with a green or golden
luster. It consists of the potassium salt of a complex cyanogen
derivative of picric acid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gar"net</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. unknown.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A tackle for hoisting cargo in or out.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clew garnet</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Clew</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gar`net*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [1st
<i>garnet</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Containing
garnets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ni*er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after the
French geologist <i>Garnier</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An amorphous
mineral of apple-green color; a hydrous silicate of nickel and
magnesia. It is an important ore of nickel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Garnished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Garnishing</u>.] [OE. <i>garnischen</i>, <i>garnissen</i>, OF.
<i>garnir</i> to provide, strengthen, prepare, garnish, warn, F.
<i>garnir</i> to provide, furnish, garnish, -- of German origin; cf.
OHG. <i>warn&omacr;n</i> to provide, equip; akin to G. <i>wahren</i>
to watch, E. <i>aware</i>, <i>ware</i>, <i>wary</i>, and cf. also E.
<i>warn</i>. See <u>Wary</u>, <u>-ish</u>, and cf. <u>Garment</u>,
<u>Garrison</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To decorate with ornamental
appendages; to set off; to adorn; to embellish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All within with flowers was
<i>garnished</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>To ornament, as a dish,
with something laid about it; as, a dish <i>garnished</i> with
parsley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish; to supply.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fit with fetters.</def> [Cant]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To warn by garnishment; to
give notice to; to garnishee. See <u>Garnishee</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"nish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something added for embellishment; decoration; ornament; also,
dress; garments, especially such as are showy or decorated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So are you, sweet,<BR>
Even in the lovely <i>garnish</i> of a boy.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Matter and figure they produce;<BR>
For <i>garnish</i> this, and that for use.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Something set round or
upon a dish as an embellishment. See <u>Garnish</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 2.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fetters.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A fee; specifically, in English jails,
formerly an unauthorized fee demanded by the old prisoners of a
newcomer.</def> [Cant]  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Garnish bolt</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a bolt with a
chamfered or faceted head.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar`nish*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who is garnished; a person upon whom garnishment has been
served in a suit by a creditor against a debtor, such person holding
property belonging to the debtor, or owing him money.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The order by which warning is made is called a <i>garnishee
order</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Gar`nish*ee"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Garnisheed</u> (-&emacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Garnisheeing</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>To make (a person) a garnishee; to warn by garnishment; to
garnish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To attach (the fund or
property sought to be secured by garnishment); to trustee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"nish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, garnishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"nish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>garnissement</i> protection, guarantee, warning.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ornament; embellishment; decoration.</def>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Warning,
or legal notice, to one to appear and give information to the court
on any matter.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Warning to a person in
whose hands the effects of another are attached, not to pay the money
or deliver the goods to the defendant, but to appear in court and
give information as garnishee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fee. See <u>Garnish</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ni*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>garniture</i>. See <u>Garnish</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>That which garnishes; ornamental appendage; embellishment;
furniture; dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pomp of groves and <i>garniture</i> of
fields.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ga*roo"kuh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
fishing vessel met with in the Persian Gulf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Garum</u>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, garum.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar" pike`</hw> or <hw>Gar"pike`</hw>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See under <u>Gar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>garr&aacute;n</i>, <i>gearr&aacute;n</i>, gelding, work horse,
hack.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Galloway</u>.</def> [Scot.
<i>garron</i> or <i>gerron</i>. <i>Jamieson.</i>]</p>

<p><hw>Gar"ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>garite</i>,
<i>garette</i>, watchtower, place of lookout, OF. <i>garite</i>, also
meaning, a place of refuge, F. <i>gu&eacute;rite</i> a place of
refuge, donjon, sentinel box, fr. OF. <i>garir</i> to preserve, save,
defend, F. <i>gu&eacute;rir</i> to cure; of German origin; cf. OHG.
<i>werian</i> to protect, defend, hinder, G. <i>wehren</i>, akin to
Goth. <i>warjan</i> to hinder, and akin to E. <i>weir</i>, or perhaps
to <i>wary</i>. See <u>Weir</u>, and cf. <u>Guerite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A turret; a watchtower.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He saw men go up and down on the <i>garrets</i> of the
gates and walls.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of a house which is on the upper
floor, immediately under or within the roof; an attic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tottering <i>garrets</i> which overhung the
streets of Rome.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ret*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Protected by
turrets.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R. Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar`ret*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lives
in a garret; a poor author; a literary hack.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ret*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Small
splinters of stone inserted into the joints of coarse masonry.</def>
<i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ri*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>garnisoun</i>, F. <i>garnison</i> garrison, in OF. &amp; OE. also,
provision, munitions, from <i>garnir</i> to garnish. See
<u>Garnish</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A body of
troops stationed in a fort or fortified town.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A fortified place, in which troops are
quartered for its security.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In garrison</b></col>, <cd>in the condition of a garrison;
doing duty in a fort or as one of a garrison.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ri*son</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Garrisoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Garrisoning</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To place
troops in, as a fortification, for its defense; to furnish with
soldiers; as, to <i>garrison</i> a fort or town.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To secure or defend by fortresses manned
with troops; as, to <i>garrison</i> a conquered territory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Garran</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Gar"rot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf.
<u>Garrote</u>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A stick or small wooden cylinder
used for tightening a bandage, in order to compress the arteries of a
limb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"rot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European golden-eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar*rote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>garrote</i>,
from <i>garra</i> claw, talon, of Celtic origin; cf. Armor. &amp; W.
<i>gar</i> leg, ham, shank.  Cf. <u>Garrot</u> stick, <u>Garter</u>.]
<def>A Spanish mode of execution by strangulation, with an iron
collar affixed to a post and tightened by a screw until life become
extinct; also, the instrument by means of which the punishment is
inflicted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar*rote"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Garroted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Garroting</u>.] <def>To strangle with the garrote; hence, to seize
by the throat, from behind, with a view to strangle and
rob.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar*rot"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who seizes
a person by the throat from behind, with a view to strangle and rob
him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar*ru"li*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>garrulitas</i>: cf. F. <i>garrulit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Talkativeness; loquacity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ru*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>garrulus</i>, fr. <i>garrire</i> to chatter, talk; cf. Gr. &?;
voice, &?; to speak, sing.  Cf. <u>Call</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Talking much, especially about commonplace or trivial things;
talkative; loquacious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most <i>garrulous</i> people on
earth.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a loud, harsh
note; noisy; -- said of birds; as, the <i>garrulous</i>
roller.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Garrulous</u>, <u>Talkative</u>,
<u>Loquacious</u>.  A <i>garrulous</i> person indulges in long, prosy
talk, with frequent repetitions and lengthened details;
<i>talkative</i> implies simply a great desire to talk; and
<i>loquacious</i> a great flow of words at command. A child is
<i>talkative</i>; a lively woman is <i>loquacious</i>; an old man in
his dotage is <i>garrulous</i>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Gar"ru*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Gar"ru*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gar*ru"pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. Pg.
<i>garupa</i> crupper.  Cf. <u>Grouper</u> the fish.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species of California market
fishes, of the genus <i>Sebastichthys</i>; -- called also
<i>rockfish</i>. See <u>Rockfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gartier</i>, F.
<i>jarreti&egrave;re</i>, fr. OF. <i>garet</i> bend of the knee, F.
<i>jarret</i>; akin to Sp. <i>garra</i> claw, Prov. <i>garra</i> leg.
See <u>Garrote</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A band used to prevent a
stocking from slipping down on the leg.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The distinguishing badge of the highest
order of knighthood in Great Britain, called the <i>Order of the
Garter</i>, instituted by Edward III.; also, the Order
itself.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Bendlet</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Garter fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fish of
the genus <i>Lepidopus</i>, having a long, flat body, like the blade
of a sword; the scabbard fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Garter king-at-
arms</b></col>, <cd>the chief of the official heralds of England,
king-at-arms to the Order of the Garter; -- often abbreviated to
<i>Garter</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Garter snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several harmless American snakes of
the genus <i>Eut&aelig;nia</i>, of several species (esp. <i>E.
saurita</i> and <i>E. sirtalis</i>); one of the striped snakes; -- so
called from its conspicuous stripes of color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gar"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gartered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gartering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind with a
garter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . could not see to <i>garter</i> his
hose.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To invest with the Order of the
Garter.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Garth</hw> (g&auml;rth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>gar&eth;r</i> yard. See <u>Yard</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
close; a yard; a croft; a garden; as, a cloister
<i>garth</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A clapper clapping in a <i>garth</i><BR>
To scare the fowl from fruit.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dam or weir for catching fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Garth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<u>Girth</u>.] <def>A hoop
or band.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ga"rum</hw> (g&amacr;"r&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
fr. Gr. <grk>ga`ros</grk>.] <def>A sauce made of small fish. It was
prized by the ancients.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gar"vie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The sprat; -- called also <i>garvie herring</i>, and
<i>garvock</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Gas</hw> (g&abreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gases</b></plw> (-&ebreve;z). [Invented by the chemist Van
Helmont of Brussels, who died in 1644.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
a&euml;riform fluid; -- a term used at first by chemists as
synonymous with <i>air</i>, but since restricted to fluids supposed
to be permanently elastic, as oxygen, hydrogen, etc., in distinction
from vapors, as steam, which become liquid on a reduction of
temperature. In present usage, since all of the supposed permanent
gases have been liquified by cold and pressure, the term has resumed
nearly its original signification, and is applied to any substance in
the elastic or a&euml;riform state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Popular Usage)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A complex mixture of gases, of which the most important
constituents are marsh gas, olefiant gas, and hydrogen, artificially
produced by the destructive distillation of gas coal, or sometimes of
peat, wood, oil, resin, etc. It gives a brilliant light when burned,
and is the common gas used for illuminating purposes.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Laughing gas.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Any irrespirable a&euml;riform fluid.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Gas</i> is often used adjectively or in combination; as,
<i>gas</i> fitter or <i>gas</i>fitter; <i>gas</i> meter or
<i>gas</i>-meter, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Air gas</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a kind of gas made
by forcing air through some volatile hydrocarbon, as the lighter
petroleums. The air is so saturated with combustible vapor as to be a
convenient illuminating and heating agent.</cd> -- <col><b>Gas
battery</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a form of voltaic battery, in
which gases, especially hydrogen and oxygen, are the active
agents.</cd> -- <col><b>Gas carbon</b></col>, <col><b>Gas
coke</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Carbon</u>, <u>Coke</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Gas coal</b></col>, <cd>a bituminous or
hydrogenous coal yielding a high percentage of volatile matters, and
therefore available for the manufacture of illuminating gas.</cd>
<i>R. W. Raymond.</i> -- <col><b>Gas engine</b></col>, <cd>an engine
in which the motion of the piston is produced by the combustion or
sudden production or expansion of gas; -- especially, an engine in
which an explosive mixture of gas and air is forced into the working
cylinder and ignited there by a gas flame or an electric spark.</cd>
-- <col><b>Gas fitter</b></col>, <cd>one who lays pipes and puts up
fixtures for gas.</cd> -- <col><b>Gas fitting</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The occupation of a gas fitter.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <cd>The appliances needed for the
introduction of gas into a building, as meters, pipes, burners,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Gas fixture</b></col>, <cd>a device for
conveying illuminating or combustible gas from the pipe to the gas-
burner, consisting of an appendage of cast, wrought, or drawn metal,
with tubes upon which the burners, keys, etc., are adjusted.</cd> --
<col><b>Gas generator</b></col>, <cd>an apparatus in which gas is
evolved</cd>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>a retort in which volatile
hydrocarbons are evolved by heat</cd>; <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>a
machine in which air is saturated with the vapor of liquid
hydrocarbon; a carburetor</cd>; <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>a machine for
the production of carbonic acid gas, for a&euml;rating water, bread,
etc.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Gas jet</b></col>, <cd>a flame of
illuminating gas.</cd> -- <col><b>Gas machine</b></col>, <cd>an
apparatus for carbureting air for use as illuminating gas.</cd> --
<col><b>Gas meter</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for recording the
quantity of gas consumed in a given time, at a particular place.</cd>
-- <col><b>Gas retort</b></col>, <cd>a retort which contains the coal
and other materials, and in which the gas is generated, in the
manufacture of gas.</cd> -- <col><b>Gas stove</b></col>, <cd>a stove
for cooking or other purposes, heated by gas.</cd> -- <col><b>Gas
tar</b></col>, <cd>coal tar.</cd> -- <col><b>Gas trap</b></col>,
<cd>a drain trap; a sewer trap. See 4th <u>Trap</u>, 5.</cd> --
<col><b>Gas washer</b></col> <i>(Gas Works)</i>, <cd>an apparatus
within which gas from the condenser is brought in contact with a
falling stream of water, to precipitate the tar remaining in it.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Gas water</b></col>, <cd>water through
which gas has been passed for purification; -- called also <i>gas
liquor</i> and <i>ammoniacal water</i>, and used for the manufacture
of sal ammoniac, carbonate of ammonia, and Prussian blue.</cd>
<i>Tomlinson.</i> -- <col><b>Gas well</b></col>, <cd>a deep boring,
from which natural gas is discharged.</cd> <i>Raymond.</i> --
<col><b>Gas works</b></col>, <cd>a manufactory of gas, with all the
machinery and appurtenances; a place where gas is generated for
lighting cities.</cd> -- <col><b>Laughing gas</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Laughing</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh gas</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a light, combustible, gaseous hydrocarbon,
CH<sub>4</sub>, produced artificially by the dry distillation of many
organic substances, and occurring as a natural product of
decomposition in stagnant pools, whence its name. It is an abundant
ingredient of ordinary illuminating gas, and is the first member of
the paraffin series. Called also <i>methane</i>, and in coal mines,
<i>fire damp</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Natural gas</b></col>, <cd>gas
obtained from wells, etc., in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and elsewhere, and
largely used for fuel and illuminating purposes. It is chiefly
derived from the Coal Measures.</cd> -- <col><b>Olefiant
gas</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>. <cd>See <u>Ethylene</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Water gas</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a kind of gas made by
forcing steam over glowing coals, whereby there results a mixture of
hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This gives a gas of intense heating
power, but destitute of light-giving properties, and which is charged
by passing through some volatile hydrocarbon, as gasoline.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 614 !></p>

<p><hw>Gas`a*lier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed from
<i>gas</i>, in imitation of chande<i>lier</i>.] <def>A chandelier
arranged to burn gas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"-burn`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The jet piece
of a gas fixture where the gas is burned as it escapes from one or
more minute orifices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"coines</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gaskins</u>, 1.</def>  <i>Lyly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gas"con</hw> (?; F. ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Gascony, in France, or to the Gascons; also, braggart;
swaggering.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of Gascony; a
boaster; a bully. See <u>Gasconade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`con*ade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gasconnade</i>, from <i>Gascon</i> an inhabitant of Gascony, the
people of which were noted for boasting.] <def>A boast or boasting; a
vaunt; a bravado; a bragging; braggodocio.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gas`con*ade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gasconaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gasconading</u>.] <def>To boast; to brag; to bluster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`con*ad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A great
boaster; a blusterer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"coynes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>Gaskins.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gas*e"i*ty</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being gaseous.</def> [R]  <i>Eng. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gas"e*ous</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Gas</u>.  Cf. F. <i>gazeux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the
form, or of the nature, of gas, or of an a&euml;riform
fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lacking substance or solidity;
tenuous.</def> "Unconnected, <i>gaseous</i> information."  <i>Sir J.
Stephen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gash</hw> (g&abreve;sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gashed</u> (g&abreve;sht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gashing</u>.] [For older <i>garth</i> or
<i>garse</i>, OF. <i>garser</i> to scarify, F. <i>gercer</i> to chap,
perh. from an assumed LL. <i>carptiare</i>, fr. L. <i>carpere</i>,
<i>carptum</i>, to pluck, separate into parts; cf. LL.
<i>carptare</i> to wound.  Cf. <u>Carpet</u>.] <def>To make a gash,
or long, deep incision in; -- applied chiefly to incisions in
flesh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grievously <i>gashed</i> or gored to
death.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A deep and long cut; an
incision of considerable length and depth, particularly in
flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gash"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of gashes;
hideous; frightful.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>gashful</i>, horrid, ugly
shape."  <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gas`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Gasify</u>.] <def>The act or process of converting into
gas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"i*form</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a form of
gas; gaseous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gasified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gasifying</u>.] [<i>Gas</i> + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To convert into
gas, or an a&euml;riform fluid, as by the application of heat, or by
chemical processes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become gas;
to pass from a liquid to a gaseous state.</def>  <i>Scientific
American.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gas"ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>garcette</i>, It. <i>gaschetta</i>, Sp. <i>cajeta</i> caburn,
<i>garceta</i> reef point.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
line or band used to lash a furled sail securely. <i>Sea gaskets</i>
are common lines; <i>harbor gaskets</i> are plaited and decorated
lines or bands. Called also <i>casket</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
plaited hemp used for packing a piston, as of the steam engine and
its pumps.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any ring or washer of
packing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"kins</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Galligaskins</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Loose hose or breeches;
galligaskins.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Packing of hemp.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A horse's thighs.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gas"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The light yielded by the combustion of illuminating
gas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gas jet or burner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gas</i> + <i>-
gen</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An apparatus for the generation of
gases, or for impregnating a liquid with a gas, or a gas with a
volatile liquid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A volatile hydrocarbon, used as an
illuminant, or for charging illuminating gas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`o*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gasoline</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`o*lier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Gasalier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"o*line</hw> (? or ?; 104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
highly volatile mixture of fluid hydrocarbons, obtained from
petroleum, as also by the distillation of bituminous coal. It is used
in making air gas, and in giving illuminating power to water gas. See
<u>Carburetor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas*om"e*ter</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gas</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.  Cf. F. <i>gazom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An apparatus
for holding and measuring of gas; in gas works, a huge iron cylinder
closed at one end and having the other end immersed in water, in
which it is made to rise or fall, according to the volume of gas it
contains, or the pressure required.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gas`o*met"ric</hw> (? or ?), <hw>Gas`o*met"ric*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the measurement of
gases; as, <i>gasometric</i> analysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas*om"e*try</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art
or practice of measuring gases; also, the science which treats of the
nature and properties of these elastic fluids.</def>
<i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gas"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gas</i> + <i>-
scope</i>.] <def>An apparatus for detecting the presence of any
dangerous gas, from a gas leak in a coal mine or a dwelling
house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gasp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gasped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gasping</u>.] [OE. <i>gaspen</i>, <i>gaispen</i>, to yawn, gasp,
Icel. <i>geispa</i> to yawn; akin to Sw. <i>g&auml;spa</i>, Dan.
<i>gispe</i> to gasp.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To open the mouth wide
in catching the breath, or in laborious respiration; to labor for
breath; to respire convulsively; to pant violently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>gasps</i> and struggles hard for
life.</blockquote> <i>Lloyd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pant with eagerness; to show vehement
desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quenching the <i>gasping</i> furrows' thirst with
rain.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gasp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To emit or utter with
gasps; -- with <i>forth</i>, <i>out</i>, <i>away</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And with short sobs he <i>gasps</i> away his
breath.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gasp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of opening the
mouth convulsively to catch the breath; a labored respiration; a
painful catching of the breath.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At the last gasp</b></col>, <cd>at the point of
death.</cd>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gas"per*eau</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The alewife.</def> [Local, Canada]</p>

<p><hw>Gas*se"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
Casserio (L. <i>Gasserius</i>), the discover of the Gasserian
ganglion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gasserian ganglion</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a large
ganglion, at the root of the trigeminal, or fifth cranial,
nerve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gas"sing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Manuf.)</i> <def>The process of passing cotton goods between two
rollers and exposing them to numerous minute jets of gas to burn off
the small fibers; any similar process of singeing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Boasting; insincere or empty talk.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Gas"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of gas; like
gas. Hence: [Colloq.] Inflated; full of boastful or insincere
talk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gast</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gasten</i>,
<i>g&?;sten</i> to frighten, akin to Goth. <i>usgaisjan</i>. See
<u>Aghast</u>, <u>Ghastly</u>, and cf. <u>Gaze</u>.] <def>To make
aghast; to frighten; to terrify. See <u>Aghast</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer. Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gast"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gast.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gas`te*ro*my*ce"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?; stomach + &?; a mushroom.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An order
of fungi, in which the spores are borne inside a sac called the
peridium, as in the puffballs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"ter*o*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Gastropod</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gas`te*rop`o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Gastropoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`ter*op"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Gastropodous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gast"ful</hw>, <hw>Gast"ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Obs.] <def>See <u>Ghastful</u>, <u>Ghastly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"tight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>So tightly
fitted as to preclude the escape of gas; impervious to gas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gast"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ghastness</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Gas*tor"nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
<i>Gaston</i> M. Plante, the discover + Gr. &?; bird.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of large eocene birds from the Paris
basin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gas*tr&aelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?;, &?;, the stomach.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A primeval larval
form; a double-walled sac from which, according to the hypothesis of
Haeckel, man and all other animals, that in the first stages of their
individual evolution pass through a two-layered structural stage, or
gastrula form, must have descended. This idea constitutes the
<i>Gastr&aelig;a theory</i> of Haeckel. See
<u>Gastrula</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gas*tral"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, stomach + &?; pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pain in the stomach
or epigastrium, as in gastric disorders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
stomach: cf. F. <i>gastrique</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or
situated near, the stomach; as, the <i>gastric</i> artery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gastric digestion</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the
conversion of the albuminous portion of food in the stomach into
soluble and diffusible products by the solvent action of gastric
juice.</cd> -- <col><b>Gastric fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
fever attended with prominent gastric symptoms; -- a name applied to
certain forms of typhoid fever; also, to catarrhal inflammation of
the stomach attended with fever.</cd> -- <col><b>Gastric
juice</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>a thin, watery fluid, with an
acid reaction, secreted by a peculiar set of glands contained in the
mucous membrane of the stomach. It consists mainly of dilute
hydrochloric acid and the ferment pepsin. It is the most important
digestive fluid in the body, but acts only on proteid foods.</cd> --
<col><b>Gastric remittent fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a form
of remittent fever with pronounced stomach symptoms.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gas*tril"o*quist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gasth`r</grk>, <grk>gastro`s</grk>, stomach + L. <i>loqui</i> to
speak.] <def>One who appears to speak from his stomach; a
ventriloquist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas*tril"o*quous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ventriloquous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gas*tril"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A voice or
utterance which appears to proceed from the stomach;
ventriloquy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gas*tri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from. Gr.
&?;, &?;, stomach + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the stomach, esp. of its mucuos membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"tro-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from the Gr. &?;,
&?;, the stomach, or belly; as in <i>gastro</i>colic,
<i>gastro</i>cele, <i>gastro</i>tomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`troc*ne"mi*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; the calf of the leg.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The muscle which
makes the greater part of the calf of the leg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*col"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-</i>
+ <i>colic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to both the stomach
and the colon; as, the <i>gastrocolic</i>, or great,
omentum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*disc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-</i> +
<i>disc</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That part of blastoderm where the
hypoblast appears like a small disk on the inner face of the
epibladst.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*du"o*de"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-
</i> + <i>-duodenal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
stomach and duodenum; as, the <i>gastroduodenal</i> artery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*du`o*de*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Gastroduodenal</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of the stomach and duodenum. It is one of the most
frequent causes of jaundice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*el`y*trot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Gastro-</i> + Gr &?; sheath + &?; a cutting] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>The operation of cutting into the upper part of the vagina,
through the abdomen (without opening the peritoneum), for the purpose
of removing a fetus. It is a substitute for the C&aelig;sarean
operation, and less dangerous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*en*te"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-
</i> + <i>-enteric</i>.] <i>(Anat. &amp; Med.)</i>
<def>Gastrointestinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gas`tro*en`te*ri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Gastroenrteric</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of the lining membrane of the stomach and the
intestines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*ep`i*plo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-
</i> + <i>-epiploic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
stomach and omentum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*he*pat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-
</i> + <i>-hepatic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the stomach
and liver; hepatogastric; as, the <i>gastrohepatic</i>, or lesser,
omentum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*hys`ter*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Gastro-</i> + Gr. &?; womb + <i>&?;</i> to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>C&aelig;sarean section. See under
<u>C&aelig;sarean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*in*tes"ti*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Gastro-</i> + <i>-intestinal</i>.] <i>(Anat. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the stomach and intestines; gastroenteric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*lith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-</i> +
<i>-lith</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Crab's eyes</i>, under
<u>Crab</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas*trol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr &?;; &?;,
&?;, stomach + &?; discourse: cf. F. <i>gastrologie</i>.] <def>The
science which treats of the structure and functions of the stomach; a
treatise of the stomach.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gas`tro*ma*la"ci*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, stomach + &?; softness, fr. &?; soft.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A softening of the coats of the stomach; -- usually a post-
morten change.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*man"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-</i>
+ <i>-mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>gastromancy</i>.] <i>(Antiq.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of divination, by means of words
seemingly uttered from the stomach.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
species of divination, by means of glasses or other round,
transparent vessels, in the center of which figures are supposed to
appear by magic art.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gas`tro*my"ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, stomach + &?;, &?;, a fungus.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
fungoid growths sometimes found in the stomach; such as Torula,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"tro*myth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-</i> +
Gr. &?; to say, speak.] <def>One whose voice appears to proceed from
the stomach; a ventriloquist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Gas"tro*nome</hw> (?), <hw>Gas*tron"o*mer</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gastronome</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, stomach
+ &?; law, &?; to distribute.] <def>One fond of good living; an
epicure.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*nom"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Gas`tro*nom"ic*al</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>gastronomique</i>.] <def>Pertaining
to gastromony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas*tron"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
gastromomer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas*tron"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>gastronomie</i>.] <def>The art or science of good eating;
epicurism; the art of good cheer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*phren"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-
</i> + <i>-phrenic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
stomach and diaphragm; as, the <i>gastrophrenic</i>
ligament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*pneu*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-
</i> + <i>pneumatic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
alimentary canal and air passages, and to the cavities connected with
them; as, the <i>gastropneumatic</i> mucuos membranes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas"tro*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Gastropoda.</def> [Written also
<i>gasteropod</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Gas*trop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>, [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, stomach + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of the classes of Mollusca, of great extent. It includes most of the
marine spiral shells, and the land and fresh-water snails. They
generally creep by means of a flat, muscular disk, or foot, on the
ventral side of the body. The head usually bears one or two pairs of
tentacles. See <u>Mollusca</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>Gasteropoda</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The Gastropoda are divided into three subclasses; viz.:
(<i>a</i>) The Streptoneura or Dioecia, including the
Pectinibranchiata, Rhipidoglossa, Docoglossa, and Heteropoda.
(<i>b</i>) The Euthyneura, including the Pulmonata and
Opisthobranchia. (<i>c</i>) The Amphineura, including the
Polyplacophora and Aplacophora.</p>

<p><hw>Gas*trop"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Gastropoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas*tror"a*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?;; &?;,
&?;, stomach + &?; a sewing, fr. &?; to sew: cf. F.
<i>gastrorrhaphie</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of sewing
up wounds of the abdomen.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gas"tro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument for viewing or
examining the interior of the stomach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to gastroscopy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas*tros"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Examination of the abdomen or stomach, as with the
gastroscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*splen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-
</i> + <i>splenic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the stomach
and spleen; as, the <i>gastrosplenic</i> ligament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas*tros"tege</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-</i> +
Gr. &?; roof.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the large scales on
the belly of a serpent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas*tros"to*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-</i>
+ Gr. &?; mouth.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of making a
permanent opening into the stomach, for the introduction of
food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas*trot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro</i> +
Gr. &?; to cut: cf. F. <i>gastrotomie</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A
cutting into, or opening of, the abdomen or the stomach.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gas*trot"ri*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>, [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; belly + &?;, &?;, hair.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group
of small wormlike animals, having cilia on the ventral side. The
group is regarded as an ancestral or synthetic one, related to
rotifers and annelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gas*trot"ro*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, stomach + &?; a wheel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A form of
annelid larva having cilia on the ventral side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tro*vas"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Gastro-
</i> + <i>-vascular</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the
structure, or performing the functions, both of digestive and
circulatory organs; as, the <i>gastrovascular</i> cavity of
c&oelig;lenterates.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gas"tru*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gastrul&aelig;</b></plw> (#) [NL., dim. fr. Gr. &?; the
stomach.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An embryonic form having its origin in
the invagination or pushing in of the wall of the planula or blastula
(the <i>blastosphere</i>) on one side, thus giving rise to a double-
walled sac, with one opening or mouth (the <i>blastopore</i>) which
leads into the cavity (the <i>archenteron</i>) lined by the inner
wall (the <i>hypoblast</i>). See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Invagination</u>. In a more general sense, an ideal stage in
embryonic development. See <u>Gastr&aelig;a</u>.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a gastrula.</def></p>

<p><! p. 615 !></p>

<p><hw>Gas`tru*la"tion</hw>
(g&abreve;s`tr&usdot;*l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The process of invagination, in embryonic
development, by which a gastrula is formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gas*tru"ra</hw> (g&abreve;s*tr&udd;"r&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gasth`r</grk> belly +
<grk>o'yra`</grk> tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Stomatopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas*tru"rous</hw> (-r&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Gastrura.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gat</hw> (g&abreve;t), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Get</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gate</hw> (g&amacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>&yogh;et</i>, <i>&yogh;eat</i>, <i>giat</i>, gate, door, AS.
<i>geat</i>, <i>gat</i>, gate, door; akin to OS., D., &amp; Icel.
<i>gat</i> opening, hole, and perh. to E. <i>gate</i> a way,
<i>gait</i>, and <i>get</i>, v.  Cf. <u>Gate</u> a way, 3d
<u>Get</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large door or passageway in
the wall of a city, of an inclosed field or place, or of a grand
edifice, etc.; also, the movable structure of timber, metal, etc., by
which the passage can be closed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An opening for passage in any inclosing
wall, fence, or barrier; or the suspended framework which closes or
opens a passage. Also, figuratively, a means or way of entrance or of
exit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Knowest thou the way to Dover?<BR>
Both stile and <i>gate</i>, horse way and footpath.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Opening a <i>gate</i> for a long war.</blockquote>
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A door, valve, or other device, for
stopping the passage of water through a dam, lock, pipe,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>The places which command
the entrances or access; hence, place of vantage; power;
might.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>gates</i> of hell shall not prevail against
it.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xvi. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In a lock tumbler, the opening for the
stump of the bolt to pass through or into.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
channel or opening through which metal is poured into the mold; the
ingate.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The waste piece of metal cast
in the opening; a sprue or sullage piece.</def> [Written also
<i>geat</i> and <i>git</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Gate chamber</b></col>, <cd>a recess in the side wall of a
canal lock, which receives the opened gate.</cd> -- <col><b>Gate
channel</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Gate</u>, 5.</cd> -- <col><b>Gate
hook</b></col>, <cd>the hook-formed piece of a gate hinge.</cd> --
<col><b>Gate money</b></col>, <cd>entrance money for admission to an
inclosure.</cd> -- <col><b>Gate tender</b></col>, <cd>one in charge
of a gate, as at a railroad crossing.</cd> -- <col><b>Gate
valva</b></col>, <cd>a stop valve for a pipe, having a sliding gate
which affords a straight passageway when open.</cd> -- <col><b>Gate
vein</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the portal vein.</cd> --
<col><b>To break gates</b></col> <i>(Eng. Univ.)</i>, <cd>to enter a
college inclosure after the hour to which a student has been
restricted.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand in the</b></col> <col><b>gate,
or gates</b></col>, <cd>to occupy places or advantage, power, or
defense.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
supply with a gate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Univ.)</i> <def>To punish by requiring
to be within the gates at an earlier hour than usual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>gata</i>; akin to
SW. <i>gata</i> street, lane, Dan. <i>gade</i>, Goth.
<i>gatw&ouml;</i>, G. <i>gasse</i>.  Cf. <u>Gate</u> a door,
<u>Gait</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A way; a path; a road; a street
(as in High<i>gate</i>).</def> [O. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I was going to be an honest man; but the devil has
this very day flung first a lawyer, and then a woman, in my
<i>gate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manner; gait.</def> [O. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Gat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having gates.</def>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gate"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house
connected or associated with a gate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gate"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
gate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gate"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gate keeper; a
gate tender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gate"post`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A post to which a gate is hung; -- called also <i>swinging or
hinging post</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A post against which a gate closes; --
called also <i>shutting post</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gate"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A passage
through a fence or wall; a gate; also, a frame, arch, etc., in which
a gate in hung, or a structure at an entrance or gate designed for
ornament or defense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gate"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of a gate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Three circles of stones set up
<i>gatewise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gathered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gathering</u>.] [OE. <i>gaderen</i>, AS. <i>gaderian</i>,
<i>gadrian</i>, fr. <i>gador</i>, <i>geador</i>, together, fr.
<i>g&aelig;d</i> fellowship; akin to E. <i>good</i>, D.
<i>gaderen</i> to collect, G. <i>gatte</i> husband, MHG. <i>gate</i>,
also companion, Goth. <i>gadiliggs</i> a sister's son. &radic;29. See
<u>Good</u>, and cf. <u>Together</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring together; to collect, as a number
of separate things, into one place, or into one aggregate body; to
assemble; to muster; to congregate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Belgium's capital had <i>gathered</i> them<BR>
Her beauty and her chivalry.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When he had <i>gathered</i> all the chief priests and
scribes of the people together.</blockquote> <i>Matt. ii. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pick out and bring together from among
what is of less value; to collect, as a harvest; to harvest; to cull;
to pick off; to pluck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A rose just <i>gathered</i> from the
stalk.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Do men <i>gather</i> grapes of thorns, or figs of
thistles?</blockquote> <i>Matt. vii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gather</i> us from among the heathen.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. cvi. 47.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To accumulate by collecting and saving
little by little; to amass; to gain; to heap up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that by usury and unjust gain increaseth his
substance, he shall <i>gather</i> it for him that will pity the
poor.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxviii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To pay the creditor . . . he must <i>gather</i> up
money by degrees.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bring closely together the parts or
particles of; to contract; to compress; to bring together in folds or
plaits, as a garment; also, to draw together, as a piece of cloth by
a thread; to pucker; to plait; as, to <i>gather</i> a
ruffle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gathering</i> his flowing robe, he seemed to
stand<BR>
In act to speak, and graceful stretched his hand.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To derive, or deduce, as an inference; to
collect, as a conclusion, from circumstances that suggest, or
arguments that prove; to infer; to conclude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me say no more!<BR>
<i>Gather</i> the sequel by that went before.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To gain; to win.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>gathers</i> ground upon her in the
chase.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>To bring together, or
nearer together, in masonry, as where the width of a fireplace is
rapidly diminished to the width of the flue, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To haul in; to take up; as,
to <i>gather</i> the slack of a rope.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be gathered</b></col> <col><b>to one's people, or to
one's fathers</b></col> <cd>to die.</cd> <i>Gen. xxv. 8.</i> --
<col><b>To gather breath</b></col>, <cd>to recover normal breathing
after being out of breath; to get breath; to rest.</cd>
<i>Spenser.</i> -- <col><b>To gather one's self together</b></col>,
<cd>to collect and dispose one's powers for a great effort, as a
beast crouches preparatory to a leap.</cd> -- <col><b>To gather
way</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to begin to move; to move with
increasing speed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To come together; to collect; to unite; to become assembled; to
congregate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When small humors <i>gather</i> to a
gout.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tears from the depth of some divine despair<BR>
Rise in the heart, and <i>gather</i> to the eyes.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grow larger by accretion; to
increase.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their snowball did not <i>gather</i> as it
went.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To concentrate; to come to a head, as a
sore, and generate pus; as, a boil has <i>gathered</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To collect or bring things
together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou knewest that I reap where I sowed not, and
<i>gather</i> where I have not strewed.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxv.
26.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gath"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
plait or fold in cloth, made by drawing a thread through it; a
pucker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Carriage Making)</i> <def>The inclination
forward of the axle journals to keep the wheels from working
outward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The soffit or under surface
of the masonry required in <i>gathering</i>. See <u>Gather</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 7.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gath"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being gathered or collected; deducible from premises.</def> [R.]
<i>Godwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gath"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who gathers or collects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Sewing Machine)</i> <def>An attachment for
making gathers in the cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gath"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of collecting or bringing together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is gathered, collected, or
brought together</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A crowd; an
assembly; a congregation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A charitable
contribution; a collection.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A tumor or
boil suppurated or maturated; an abscess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gath"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Assembling;
collecting; used for gathering or concentrating.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gathering board</b></col> <i>(Bookbinding)</i>, <cd>a
table or board on which signatures are gathered or assembled, to form
a book.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Gathering coal</b></col>,
<cd>a lighted coal left smothered in embers over night, about which
kindling wood is gathered in the morning.</cd> -- <col><b>Gathering
hoop</b></col>, <cd>a hoop used by coopers to draw together the ends
of barrel staves, to allow the hoops to be slipped over them.</cd> --
<col><b>Gathering peat</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A piece of
peat used as a gathering coal, to preserve a fire.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In Scotland, a fiery peat which was sent
round by the Borderers as an alarm signal, as the fiery cross was by
the Highlanders.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gat"ling gun`</hw> (&?;). [From the inventor, R.J.
<i>Gatling</i>.] <def>An American machine gun, consisting of a
cluster of barrels which, being revolved by a crank, are
automatically loaded and fired.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The improved <i>Gatling gun</i> can be fired at the rate of
1,200 shots per minute.  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gat"ten tree`</hw> (?). [Cf. Prov. E. <i>gatter bush</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to the small trees called guelder-
rose (<i>Viburnum Opulus</i>), cornel (<i>Cornus sanguinea</i>), and
spindle tree (<i>Euonymus Europ&aelig;us</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Gat"-toothed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gat</i>
goat + <i>tooth</i>. See <u>Goat</u> the animal.] <def>Goat-toothed;
having a lickerish tooth; lustful; wanton.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Gauche</hw> (g&omacr;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Left handed; hence, awkward;
clumsy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Winding; twisted; warped; -
- applied to curves and surfaces.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gauche`rie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An
awkward action; clumsiness; boorishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gau"cho</hw> (gou"ch&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gauchos</b></plw> (-ch&osl;z) [Sp.] <def>One of the native
inhabitants of the pampas, of Spanish-American descent. They live
mostly by rearing cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gaud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gaude</i> jest,
trick, <i>gaudi</i> bead of a rosary, fr. L. <i>gaudium</i> joy,
gladness. See <u>Joy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Trick; jest;
sport.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deceit; fraud; artifice; device.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An ornament; a piece of worthless finery;
a trinket.</def> "An idle <i>gaud</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaud</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F. se <i>gaudir</i> to
rejoice, fr. L. <i>gaudere</i>. See <u>Gaud</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To sport or keep festival.</def>  [Obs.]
"<i>Gauding</i> with his familiars. " [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaud</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gauded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gauding</u>.] <def>To bedeck gaudily; to decorate with gauds or
showy trinkets or colors; to paint.</def> [Obs.] "Nicely
<i>gauded</i> cheeks."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaud"-day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gaudy</u>, a feast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gaud"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Finery;
ornaments; ostentatious display.</def> [R.] "Tarnished
<i>gaudery</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaud"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Joyful;
showy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gaud"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a gaudy
manner.</def>  <i>Guthrie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaud"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being gaudy.</def>  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaud"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gaudy.</def>
"<i>Gaudish</i> ceremonies."  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaud"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
ornament.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gaud"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Gaudier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Gauidiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ostentatiously fine; showy; gay, but tawdry or
meretricious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy,<BR>
But not expressed in fancy; rich, not <i>gaudy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gay; merry; festal.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let's have one other <i>gaudy</i> night.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaud"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gaudies</b></plw> (#) [See <u>Gaud</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>One of the large beads in the rosary at which the paternoster is
recited.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaud"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feast or festival; --
called also <i>gaud-day</i> and <i>gaudy day</i>.</def> [Oxford
Univ.]  <i>Conybeare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaud"y*green`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. or n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>gaude grene</i>.] <def>Light green.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gauf"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>gaufrer</i>
to figure cloth, velvet, and other stuffs, fr. <i>gaufre</i>
honeycomb, waffle; of German origin. See <u>Waffle</u>, <u>Wafer</u>,
and cf. <u>Goffer</u>, <u>Gopher</u> an animal.] <def>To plait,
crimp, or flute; to goffer, as lace. See <u>Goffer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gauf"fer*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mode of
plaiting or fluting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gauffering iron</b></col>, <cd>a kind of fluting iron for
fabrics.</cd> -- <col><b>Gauffering press</b></col> <i>(Flower
Manuf.)</i>, <cd>a press for crimping the leaves and petals into
shape.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Gauf"fre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gopher</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gopher, esp. the pocket gopher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gauge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gauged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gauging</u> (?)] [OF. <i>gaugier</i>, F. <i>jauger</i>, cf. OF.
<i>gauge</i> gauge, measuring rod, F. <i>jauge</i>; of uncertain
origin; perh. fr. an assumed L. <i>qualificare</i> to determine the
qualities of a thing (see <u>Qualify</u>); but cf. also F.
<i>jalon</i> a measuring stake in surveying, and E. <i>gallon</i>.]
[Written also <i>gage</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To measure or determine with a
gauge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To measure or to ascertain the contents or
the capacity of, as of a pipe, barrel, or keg.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To measure the dimensions
of, or to test the accuracy of the form of, as of a part of a
gunlock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vanes nicely <i>gauged</i> on each
side.</blockquote> <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To draw into equidistant gathers by
running a thread through it, as cloth or a garment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To measure the capacity, character, or
ability of; to estimate; to judge of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall not <i>gauge</i> me<BR>
By what we do to-night.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gauge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>gage</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A measure; a standard of measure; an
instrument to determine dimensions, distance, or capacity; a
standard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This plate must be a <i>gauge</i> to file your worm
and groove to equal breadth by.</blockquote> <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is not in our hands any fixed <i>gauge</i> of
minds.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Measure; dimensions; estimate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>gauge</i> and dimensions of misery, depression,
and contempt.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach. &amp; Manuf.)</i> <def>Any instrument for
ascertaining or regulating the dimensions or forms of things; a
templet or template; as, a button maker's <i>gauge</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Any instrument or
apparatus for measuring the state of a phenomenon, or for
ascertaining its numerical elements at any moment; -- usually applied
to some particular instrument; as, a rain <i>gauge</i>; a steam
<i>gauge</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Relative positions of two or more vessels with reference to the
wind; as, a vessel has the weather <i>gauge</i> of another when on
the windward side of it, and the lee <i>gauge</i> when on the lee
side of it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The depth to which a
vessel sinks in the water.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The distance between the rails of a
railway.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>standard gauge</i> of railroads in most countries is
four feet, eight and one half inches. <i>Wide</i>, or <i>broad</i>,
<i>gauge</i>, in the United States, is six feet; in England, seven
feet, and generally any gauge exceeding standard gauge. Any gauge
less than standard gauge is now called <i>narrow gauge</i>. It varies
from two feet to three feet six inches.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Plastering)</i> <def>The quantity of
plaster of Paris used with common plaster to accelerate its
setting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Building)</i> <def>That part of a shingle,
slate, or tile, which is exposed to the weather, when laid; also, one
course of such shingles, slates, or tiles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gauge of a carriage</b></col>, <col><b>car</b></col>,
<cd>etc., the distance between the wheels; -- ordinarily called the
<i>track</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gauge cock</b></col>, <cd>a stop cock
used as a try cock for ascertaining the height of the water level in
a steam boiler.</cd> -- <col><b>Gauge concussion</b></col>
<i>(Railroads)</i>, <cd>the jar caused by a car-wheel flange striking
the edge of the rail.</cd> -- <col><b>Gauge glass</b></col>, <cd>a
glass tube for a water gauge.</cd> -- <col><b>Gauge lathe</b></col>,
<cd>an automatic lathe for turning a round object having an irregular
profile, as a baluster or chair round, to a templet or gauge.</cd> --
<col><b>Gauge point</b></col>, <cd>the diameter of a cylinder whose
altitude is one inch, and contents equal to that of a unit of a given
measure; -- a term used in gauging casks, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Gauge
rod</b></col>, <cd>a graduated rod, for measuring the capacity of
barrels, casks, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Gauge saw</b></col>, <cd>a
handsaw, with a gauge to regulate the depth of cut.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Gauge stuff</b></col>, <cd>a stiff and
compact plaster, used in making cornices, moldings, etc., by means of
a templet.</cd> -- <col><b>Gauge wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel at the
forward end of a plow beam, to determine the depth of the
furrow.</cd> -- <col><b>Joiner's gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument
used to strike a line parallel to the straight side of a board,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Printer's gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument to
regulate the length of the page.</cd> -- <col><b>Rain
gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for measuring the quantity of rain
at any given place.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt gauge</b></col>, or
<col><b>Brine gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument or contrivance for
indicating the degree of saltness of water from its specific gravity,
as in the boilers of ocean steamers.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea
gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for finding the depth of the
sea.</cd> -- <col><b>Siphon gauge</b></col>, <cd>a glass siphon tube,
partly filled with mercury, -- used to indicate pressure, as of
steam, or the degree of rarefaction produced in the receiver of an
air pump or other vacuum; a manometer.</cd> -- <col><b>Sliding
gauge</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A templet or
pattern for gauging the commonly accepted dimensions or shape of
certain parts in general use, as screws, railway-car axles, etc.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A gauge used only for testing other similar
gauges, and preserved as a reference, to detect wear of the working
gauges.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Railroads)</i> <cd>See Note
under <u>Gauge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd> -- <col><b>Star
gauge</b></col> <i>(Ordnance)</i>, <cd>an instrument for measuring
the diameter of the bore of a cannon at any point of its length.</cd>
-- <col><b>Steam gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for measuring the
pressure of steam, as in a boiler.</cd> -- <col><b>Tide
gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for determining the height of the
tides.</cd> -- <col><b>Vacuum gauge</b></col>, <cd>a species of
barometer for determining the relative elasticities of the vapor in
the condenser of a steam engine and the air.</cd> -- <col><b>Water
gauge</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A contrivance for indicating
the height of a water surface, as in a steam boiler; as by a gauge
cock or glass.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The height of the water
in the boiler.</cd> -- <col><b>Wind gauge</b></col>, <cd>an
instrument for measuring the force of the wind on any given surface;
an anemometer.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire gauge</b></col>, <cd>a gauge for
determining the diameter of wire or the thickness of sheet metal;
also, a standard of size. See under <u>Wire</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 616 !></p>

<p><hw>Gauge"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being gauged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gauged</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Tested or
measured by, or conformed to, a gauge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gauged brick</b></col>, <cd>brick molded, rubbed, or cut
to an exact size and shape, for arches or ornamental work.</cd> --
<col><b>Gauged mortar</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Gauge stuff</i>, under
<u>Gauge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Gau"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gauges; an
officer whose business it is to ascertain the contents of
casks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gau"ger-ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
gauger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gau"ging rod`</hw>. <def>See <u>Gauge rod</u>, under
<u>Gauge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Gaul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>Gaule</i>, fr. L.
<i>Gallia</i>, fr. <i>Gallus</i> a Gaul.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
Anglicized form of <i>Gallia</i>, which in the time of the Romans
included France and Upper Italy (Transalpine and Cisalpine
Gaul).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of Gaul.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gaul"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
ancient France, or Gaul; Gallic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gault</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Norw. <i>gald</i>
hard ground, Icel. <i>gald</i> hard snow.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
series of beds of clay and marl in the South of England, between the
upper and lower greensand of the Cretaceous period.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gaul*the"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of ericaceous shrubs with evergreen
foliage, and, often, edible berries. It includes the American winter-
green (<i>Gaultheria procumbens</i>), and the larger-fruited salal of
Northwestern America (<i>Gaultheria Shallon</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Gaunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Norw. <i>gand</i> a
thin pointed stick, a tall and thin man, and W. <i>gwan</i> weak.]
<def>Attenuated, as with fasting or suffering; lean; meager; pinched
and grim.</def> "The <i>gaunt</i> mastiff."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A mysterious but visible pestilence, striding
<i>gaunt</i> and fleshless across our land.</blockquote>
<i>Nichols.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaunt"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>See <u>Gantlet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gaunt"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gantelet</i>,
dim. of <i>gant</i> glove, LL. <i>wantus</i>, of Teutonic origin; cf.
D. <i>want</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>vante</i>, Icel. <i>v&ouml;ttr</i>, for
<i>vantr</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A glove of such material that
it defends the hand from wounds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The gauntlet of the Middle Ages was sometimes of chain
mail, sometimes of leather partly covered with plates, scales, etc.,
of metal sewed to it, and, in the 14th century, became a glove of
small steel plates, carefully articulated and covering the whole hand
except the palm and the inside of the fingers.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A long glove, covering the
wrist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope on which hammocks or
clothes are hung for drying.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To take up the gauntlet</b></col>, <cd>to accept a
challenge.</cd> -- <col><b>To throw down the gauntlet</b></col>,
<cd>to offer or send a challenge. The gauntlet or glove was thrown
down by the knight challenging, and was taken up by the one who
accepted the challenge; -- hence the phrases.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gaunt"lett*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
gauntlet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gaunt"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a gaunt manner;
meagerly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gaun"tree</hw> (?), <hw>Gaun"try</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chantier</i>, LL. <i>cantarium</i>, fr.
L. <i>canterius</i> trellis, sort of frame.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A frame for supporting barrels in a cellar or elsewhere.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>A scaffolding or frame
carrying a crane or other structure.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gaur</hw> (g&add;r <i>or</i> gour), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An East Indian species of
wild cattle (<i>Bibos gauris</i>), of large size and an untamable
disposition.</def> [Spelt also <i>gour</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gaure</hw> (g&add;r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gaze; to
stare.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gauze</hw> (g&add;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gaze</i>; so
called because it was first introduced from Gaza, a city of
Palestine.] <def>A very thin, slight, transparent stuff, generally of
silk; also, any fabric resembling silk gauze; as, wire <i>gauze</i>;
cotton <i>gauze</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gauze dresser</b></col>, <cd>one employed in stiffening
gauze.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gauze</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the qualities of
gauze; thin; light; as, <i>gauze</i> merino underclothing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gauz"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being gauzy; flimsiness.</def>  <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gauz"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, gauze; thin and slight as gauze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gave</hw> (g&amacr;v), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Give</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gav"el</hw> (g&abreve;v"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A gable.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gav"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gavelle</i>, F.
<i>javelle</i>, prob. dim. from L. <i>capulus</i> handle, fr.
<i>capere</i> to lay hold of, seize; or cf. W. <i>gafael</i> hold,
grasp.  Cf. <u>Heave</u>.] <def>A small heap of grain, not tied up
into a bundle.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gav"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The mallet of the presiding officer in a
legislative body, public assembly, court, masonic body,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mason's setting maul.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gav"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gavel</i>, AS.
<i>gafol</i>, prob. fr. <i>gifan</i> to give. See <u>Give</u>, and
cf. <u>Gabel</u> tribute.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Tribute; toll; custom.
[Obs.] See <u>Gabel</u>.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gav"el*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Gavel</u>
tribute.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>An ancient special kind of
<i>cessavit</i> used in Kent and London for the recovery of
rent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gav"el*kind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>gavelkynde</i>, <i>gavelkende</i>. See <u>Gavel</u> tribute, and
<u>Kind</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A tenure
by which land descended from the father to all his sons in equal
portions, and the land of a brother, dying without issue, descended
equally to his brothers. It still prevails in the county of
Kent.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gav"e*loche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Gavelock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gav"e*lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gaveloc</i>
a dart, AS. <i>gafeluc</i>; cf. Icel. <i>gaflok</i>, MHG.
<i>gabil&?;t</i>, OF. <i>gavelot</i>, <i>glavelot</i>, F.
<i>javelot</i>, Ir. <i>gabhla</i> spear, W. <i>gaflach</i> fork,
dart, E. <i>glave</i>, <i>gaff</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spear
or dart.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An iron crow or lever.</def> [Scot. &
North of Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ga"ver*ick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European red gurnard (<i>Trigla cuculus</i>).</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ga"vi&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>gavia</i> a sea mew.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The division of
birds which includes the gulls and terns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga"vi*al</hw> (g&amacr;"v&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>gha&rsdot;iy&amacr;l</i>: cf. F.
<i>gavial</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large Asiatic crocodilian
(<i>Gavialis Gangeticus</i>); -- called also <i>nako</i>, and
<i>Gangetic crocodile</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>gavial</i> has a long, slender muzzle, teeth of
nearly uniform size, and feet completely webbed. It inhabits the
Ganges and other rivers of India. The name is also applied to several
allied fossil species.</p>

<p><hw>Gav"ot</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gavotte</i>, fr. <i>Gavots</i>, a people inhabiting a mountainous
district in France, called <i>Gap</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kind of
difficult dance; a dance tune, the air of which has two brisk and
lively, yet dignified, strains in common time, each played twice
over.</def> [Written also <i>gavotte</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gaw"by</hw> (g&add;"b&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
baby; a dunce.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gawk</hw> (g&add;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gok</i>,
<i>gowk</i>, cuckoo, fool, Icel. <i>gaukr</i> cuckoo; akin to OHG.
<i>gouh</i>, G. <i>gauch</i> cuckoo, fool, AS. <i>g&eacute;ac</i>
cuckoo, Sw. <i>g&ouml;k</i>, Dan. <i>gi&ouml;g</i>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cuckoo.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A simpleton; a booby; a gawky.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gawk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act like a
gawky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gawk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Gawkier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Gawkiest</u>.] <def>Foolish and awkward;
clumsy; clownish; as, <i>gawky</i> behavior. -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
A fellow who is awkward from being overgrown, or from stupidity, a
gawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gawn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>gallon</i>.] <def>A small tub or lading vessel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gawn"tree</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gauntree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gay</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Gayer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Gayest</u>.] [F.
<i>gai</i>, perhaps fr. OHG. <i>g&?;hi</i> swift, rapid, G.
<i>g&auml;h</i>, <i>j&auml;h</i>, steep, hasty; or cf. OHG.
<i>w&?;hi</i> beatiful, good.  Cf. <u>Jay</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Excited with merriment; manifesting
sportiveness or delight; inspiring delight; livery; merry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Belinda smiled, and all the world was
<i>gay</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gay</i> hope is theirs by fancy fed.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Brilliant in colors; splendid; fine;
richly dressed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why is my neighbor's wife so <i>gay</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A bevy of fair women, richly <i>gay</i><BR>
In gems and wanton dress!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Loose; dissipated; lewd.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Merry; gleeful; blithe; airy; lively; sprightly,
sportive; light-hearted; frolicsome; jolly; jovial; joyous; joyful;
glad; showy; splendid; vivacious.</p>

<p><hw>Gay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ornament</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gay"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Southern Asiatic species of wild cattle
(<i>Bibos frontalis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gay"di*ang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A vessel of Anam, with two or three masts, lofty triangular
sails, and in construction somewhat resembling a Chinese
junk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gay"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gayeties</b></plw> (&?;). [Written also <i>gaiety</i>.] [F.
<i>gaiet&eacute;</i>. See <u>Gay</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being gay; merriment; mirth;
acts or entertainments prompted by, or inspiring, merry delight; --
used often in the plural; as, the <i>gayeties</i> of the
season.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Finery; show; as, the <i>gayety</i> of
dress.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Liveliness; mirth; animation; vivacity; glee;
blithesomeness; sprightliness; jollity. See <u>Liveliness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Gay"lus*site`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after
<i>Gay-Lussac</i>, the French chemist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
yellowish white, translucent mineral, consisting of the carbonates of
lime and soda, with water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gay"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>With mirth and frolic; merrily; blithely; gleefully.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Finely; splendidly; showily; as, ladies
<i>gayly</i> dressed; a flower <i>gayly</i> blooming.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gayne</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Gain</u>.]
<def>To avail.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gay"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gayety;
finery.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gay"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
gayety.</def> <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gay"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gaitre</u>.]
<def>The dogwood tree.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaze</hw> (g&amacr;z), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gazed</u> (g&amacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gazing</u>.] [OE. <i>gasen</i>, akin to dial. Sw.
<i>gasa</i>, cf. Goth. us-<i>gaisjan</i> to terrify, us-
<i>geisnan</i> to be terrified.  Cf. <u>Aghast</u>, <u>Ghastly</u>,
<u>Ghost</u>, <u>Hesitate</u>.] <def>To fix the eyes in a steady and
earnest look; to look with eagerness or curiosity, as in admiration,
astonishment, or with studious attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why stand ye <i>gazing</i> up into
heaven?</blockquote> <i>Acts i. 11.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To gape; stare; look.  -- To <u>Gaze</u>,
<u>Gape</u>, <u>Stare</u>. To <i>gaze</i> is to look with fixed and
prolonged attention, awakened by excited interest or elevated
emotion; to <i>gape</i> is to look fixedly, with open mouth and
feelings of ignorant wonder; to <i>stare</i> is to look with the
fixedness of insolence or of idiocy. The lover of nature <i>gazes</i>
with delight on the beauties of the landscape; the rustic
<i>gapes</i> with wonder at the strange sights of a large city; the
idiot <i>stares</i> on those around with a vacant look.</p>

<p><hw>Gaze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To view with
attention; to gaze on.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>gazed</i> a while the ample sky.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
fixed look; a look of eagerness, wonder, or admiration; a continued
look of attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With secret <i>gaze</i><BR>
Or open admiration him behold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The object gazed on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Made of my enemies the scorn and
<i>gaze</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At gaze</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Her.)</i>
<cd>With the face turned directly to the front; -- said of the
figures of the stag, hart, buck, or hind, when borne, in this
position, upon an escutcheon.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In a
position expressing sudden fear or surprise; -- a term used in stag
hunting to describe the manner of a stag when he first hears the
hounds and gazes round in apprehension of some hidden danger; hence,
standing agape; idly or stupidly gazing.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I that rather held it better men should perish one by
one,<BR>
Than that earth should stand at <i>gaze</i> like Joshua's moon in
Ajalon!</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ga*zee"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Humorously formed
from <i>gaze</i>.] <def>A summerhouse so situated as to command an
extensive prospect.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gaze"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gazing.</def>
[R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaze"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hound that
pursues by the sight rather than by the scent.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ga"zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The black currant;
also, the wild plum.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ga*zel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Gazelle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*zelle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gazelle</i>,
OF. also, <i>gazel</i>; cf. Sp. <i>gacela</i>, Pr. <i>gazella</i>,
It. <i>gazella</i>; all fr. Ar. <i>ghaz&?;l</i> a wild goat.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several small, swift, elegantly
formed species of antelope, of the genus <i>Gazella</i>, esp. <i>G.
dorcas</i>; -- called also <i>algazel</i>, <i>corinne</i>,
<i>korin</i>, and <i>kevel</i>. The gazelles are celebrated for the
luster and soft expression of their eyes.</def> [Written also
<i>gazel</i>.]</p>

<p>
&fist; The common species of Northern Africa (<i>Gazella dorcas</i>);
the Arabian gazelle, or ariel (<i>G. Arabica</i>); the mohr of West
Africa (<i>G. mohr</i>); the Indian (<i>G. Bennetti</i>); the
<i>ahu</i> or Persian (<i>G. subgutturosa</i>); and the springbok or
tsebe (<i>G. euchore</i>) of South Africa, are the best known.</p>

<p><hw>Gaze"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>View.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gazes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*zet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>gazeta</i>,
<i>gazzetta</i>, prob. dim. of L. <i>gaza</i> royal treasure.] <def>A
Venetian coin, worth about three English farthings, or one and a half
cents.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ga*zette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gazette</i>,
It. <i>gazzetta</i>, perh. from <i>gazetta</i> a Venetian coin (see
<u>Gazet</u>), said to have been the price of the first newspaper
published at Venice; or perh. dim. of <i>gazza</i> magpie, a name
perh. applied to the first newspaper; cf. OHG. <i>agalstra</i>
magpie, G. <i>elster</i>.] <def>A newspaper; a printed sheet
published periodically; esp., the official journal published by the
British government, and containing legal and state notices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*zette"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gazetted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gazetting</u>.] <def>To announce or publish in a gazette; to
announce officially, as an appointment, or a case of
bankruptcy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gaz`et*teer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gazetier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A writer of news, or an
officer appointed to publish news by authority.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A newspaper; a gazette.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A geographical dictionary; a book giving
the names and descriptions, etc., of many places.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An alphabetical descriptive list of
anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gaz"ing*stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person or
thing gazed at with scorn or abhorrence; an object of curiosity or
contempt.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gaz"o*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gazog&egrave;ne</i>; <i>gaz</i> gas + <i>-g&egrave;ne</i>, E. <i>-
gen</i>.] <def>A portable apparatus for making soda water or
a&euml;rated liquids on a small scale.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ga*zon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gazon</i> turf,
fr. OHG. <i>waso</i>, G. <i>wasen</i>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>One of
the pieces of sod used to line or cover parapets and the faces of
earthworks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge-</hw> (?). <def>An Anglo-Saxon prefix. See <u>Y-
</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Geal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>geler</i>, fr.
L. <i>gelare</i>, fr. <i>gelu</i>. See <u>Gelid</u>.] <def>To
congeal.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Gean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>guigne</i> the
fruit of the gean; cf. OHG. <i>w&imacr;hsila</i>, G.
<i>weichsel</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of cherry tree common
in Europe (<i>Prunus avium</i>); also, the fruit, which is usually
small and dark in color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge`an*ti*cli"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
earth + E. <i>anticlinal</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An upward bend or
flexure of a considerable portion of the earth's crust, resulting in
the formation of a class of mountain elevations called
<i>anticlinoria</i>; -- opposed to <i>geosynclinal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gear</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gere</i>,
<i>ger</i>, AS. <i>gearwe</i> clothing, adornment, armor, fr.
<i>gearo</i>, <i>gearu</i>, ready, yare; akin to OHG.
<i>garaw&imacr;</i>, <i>garw&imacr;</i> ornament, dress. See
<u>Yare</u>, and cf. <u>Garb</u> dress.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Clothing; garments; ornaments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Array thyself in thy most gorgeous
<i>gear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Goods; property; household stuff.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Homely <i>gear</i> and common ware.</blockquote>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Whatever is prepared for use or wear;
manufactured stuff or material.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Clad in a vesture of unknown <i>gear</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The harness of horses or cattle;
trapping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Warlike accouterments.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Manner; custom; behavior.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Business matters; affairs; concern.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thus go they both together to their
<i>gear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
toothed wheel, or cogwheel; as, a spur <i>gear</i>, or a bevel
<i>gear</i>; also, toothed wheels, collectively.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An apparatus for performing a special
function; gearing; as, the feed <i>gear</i> of a lathe.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Engagement of parts with each other; as, in
<i>gear</i>; out of <i>gear</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See 1st
<u>Jeer</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Anything worthless; stuff; nonsense;
rubbish.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That servant of his that confessed and uttered this
<i>gear</i> was an honest man.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bever gear</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bevel gear</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Core gear</b></col>, <cd>a mortise gear, or its skeleton. See
<i>Mortise wheel</i>, under <u>Mortise</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Expansion
gear</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>the arrangement of parts
for cutting off steam at a certain part of the stroke, so as to leave
it to act upon the piston expansively; the cut-off. See under
<u>Expansion</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Feed gear</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Feed motion</i>, under <u>Feed</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Gear cutter</b></col>, <cd>a machine or tool for forming the
teeth of gear wheels by cutting.</cd> -- <col><b>Gear
wheel</b></col>, <cd>any cogwheel.</cd> -- <col><b>Running
gear</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Running</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To
throw</b></col> <col><b>in, or out of</b></col>,
<col><b>gear</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>to connect or disconnect
(wheelwork or couplings, etc.); to put in, or out of, working
relation.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 617 !></p>

<p><hw>Gear</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Geared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gearing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dress; to put gear on; to
harness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To provide with
gearing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Double geared</b></col>, <cd>driven through twofold
compound gearing, to increase the force or speed; -- said of a
machine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gear</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To be
in, or come into, gear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gear"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Harness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The parts by which motion
imparted to one portion of an engine or machine is transmitted to
another, considered collectively; as, the valve <i>gearing</i> of
locomotive engine; belt <i>gearing</i>; esp., a train of wheels for
transmitting and varying motion in machinery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Frictional gearing</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Frictional</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gearing chain</b></col>, <cd>an
endless chain transmitted motion from one sprocket wheel to another.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Chain wheel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spur
gearing</b></col>, <cd>gearing in which the teeth or cogs are ranged
round either the concave or the convex surface (properly the latter)
of a cylindrical wheel; -- for transmitting motion between parallel
shafts, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gea"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gesen</i>,
<i>geson</i>, rare, scanty, AS. <i>g&?;sne</i> barren, wanting.  Cf.
<u>Geest</u>.] <def>Rare; wonderful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Geat</hw> (g&emacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gate</u> a
door.] <i>(Founding)</i> <def>The channel or spout through which
molten metal runs into a mold in casting.</def> [Written also
<i>git</i>, <i>gate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ge`car*cin"i*an</hw>
(j&emacr;`k&auml;r*s&ibreve;n"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gh^</grk> earth + <grk>karki`nos</grk>
crab.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A land crab of the genus
<i>Gecarcinus</i>, or of allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Geck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>gek</i> fool, fop;
akin to G. <i>geck</i>; cf. Icel. <i>gikkr</i> a pert, rude person.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Scorn, derision, or contempt.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An object of scorn; a dupe; a gull.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To become the <i>geck</i> and scorn<BR>
O'the other's villainy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Geck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OD. <i>ghecken</i>, G.
<i>gecken</i>. See <u>Geck</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deride; to scorn; to mock.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cheat; trick, or gull.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Geck</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To jeer; to show
contempt.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Geck"o</hw> (g&ebreve;k"&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Geckoes</b></plw> (-&omacr;z). [Cf. F. &amp; G.
<i>gecko</i>; -- so called from the sound which the animal utters.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any lizard of the family
<i>Geckonid&aelig;</i>. The geckoes are small, carnivorous, mostly
nocturnal animals with large eyes and vertical, elliptical pupils.
Their toes are generally expanded, and furnished with adhesive disks,
by which they can run over walls and ceilings. They are numerous in
warm countries, and a few species are found in Europe and the United
States. See <u>Wall gecko</u>, <u>Fanfoot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Geck*o"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A gecko.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ged</hw>, <hw>Gedd</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
European pike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gee</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Geed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Geeing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To agree; to harmonize.</def>
[Colloq. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. G. <i>j&uuml;</i>, interj., used in
calling to a horse, It. gi&ograve;, F. <i>dia</i>, used to turn a
horse to the left.] <def>To turn to the off side, or from the driver
(<i>i.e.</i>, in the United States, to the right side); -- said of
cattle, or a team; used most frequently in the imperative, often with
<i>off</i>, by drivers of oxen, in directing their teams, and opposed
to <i>haw</i>, or <i>hoi</i>.</def> [Written also <i>jee</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; In England, the teamster walks on the right-hand side of
the cattle; in the United States, on the left-hand side. In all
cases, however, <i>gee</i> means to turn <i>from</i> the driver, and
<i>haw</i> to turn <i>toward</i> him.</p>

<p><col><b>Gee ho</b></col>, or <col><b>Gee whoa</b></col>. <cd>Same
as <u>Gee</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gee</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Gee</u> to turn.]
<def>To cause (a team) to turn to the off side, or from the
driver.</def> [Written also <i>jee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Geer</hw> (?), <hw>Geer"ing</hw>. [Obs.] <def>See <u>Gear</u>,
<u>Gearing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Geese</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Goose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Geest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. <i>geest</i>,
<i>geest</i>land, sandy, dry and, OFries. <i>g&emacr;st</i>,
<i>g&amacr;st</i>, <i>g&emacr;st</i>lond, <i>g&amacr;st</i>lond, fr.
Fries. <i>g&amacr;st</i> barren.  Cf. <u>Geason</u>.] <def>Alluvial
matter on the surface of land, not of recent origin.</def>  <i>R.
Jameson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Geet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Jet</u>.]
<def>Jet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Geez</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The original native
name for the ancient Ethiopic language or people. See
<u>Ethiopic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*hen"na</hw> (g&esl;*h&ebreve;n"n&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Gehenna</i>, Gr. <grk>Ge`enna</grk>, Heb.
<i>G&emacr; Hinn&omacr;m</i>.] <i>(Jewish Hist.)</i> <def>The valley
of Hinnom, near Jerusalem, where some of the Israelites sacrificed
their children to Moloch, which, on this account, was afterward
regarded as a place of abomination, and made a receptacle for all the
refuse of the city, perpetual fires being kept up in order to prevent
pestilential effluvia. In the New Testament the name is transferred,
by an easy metaphor, to <i>Hell</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pleasant valley of Hinnom. Tophet thence<BR>
And black <i>Gehenna</i> called, the type of Hell.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; earth.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from, earthy or
vegetable mold.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Geic acid</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Humin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ge"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; earth.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Humin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Geis"sler tube`</hw> (?). <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A glass tube
provided with platinum electrodes, and containing some gas under very
low tension, which becomes luminous when an electrical discharge is
passed through it; -- so called from the name of a noted maker in
germany. It is called also <i>Pl&uuml;cker tube</i>, from the German
physicist who devised it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gei"to*nog"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
neighbor + &?; marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Fertilization of flowers
by pollen from other flowers on the same plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gel"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gelare</i> to
congeal: cf. F. <i>gelable</i>. See <u>Geal</u>.] <def>Capable of
being congealed; capable of being converted into jelly.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gel"a*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A baboon (<i>Gelada Ruppelli</i>) of Abyssinia, remarkable for
the length of the hair on the neck and shoulders of the adult
male.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*las"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; inclined to
laugh, from &?; to laugh.] <def>Pertaining to laughter; used in
laughing.</def> "<i>Gelastic</i> muscles."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*lat"i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Gelatin</i> + L. <i>-ficare</i>. (in comp.) to make. See <u>-
fy</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>The formation of
gelatin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gel`a*tig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Gelatin</i> + <i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>Producing, or yielding, gelatin; gelatiniferous; as, the
<i>gelatigeneous</i> tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gel"a*tin</hw>, <hw>Gel"a*tine</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>g&eacute;latine</i>, fr. L. <i>gelare</i>
to congeal. See <u>Geal</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Animal jelly;
glutinous material obtained from animal tissues by prolonged boiling.
Specifically <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, a nitrogeneous colloid, not
existing as such in the animal body, but formed by the hydrating
action of boiling water on the collagen of various kinds of
connective tissue (as tendons, bones, ligaments, etc.). Its
distinguishing character is that of dissolving in hot water, and
forming a jelly on cooling. It is an important ingredient of calf's-
foot jelly, isinglass, glue, etc. It is used as food, but its
nutritious qualities are of a low order.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Both spellings, gela<i>tin</i> and gela<i>tine</i>, are in
good use, but the tendency of writers on physiological chemistry
favors the form in -<i>in</i>, as in the United States Dispensatory,
the United States Pharmacop&oelig;ia, Fownes' Watts' Chemistry,
Brande &amp; Cox's Dictionary.</p>

<p><col><b>Blasting gelatin</b></col>, <cd>an explosive, containing
about ninety-five parts of nitroglycerin and five of collodion.</cd>
-- <col><b>Gelatin process</b></col>, <cd>a name applied to a number
of processes in the arts, involving the use of gelatin.</cd>
Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Photog.)</i> <cd>A dry-plate
process in which gelatin is used as a substitute for collodion as the
sensitized material. This is the dry-plate process in general use,
and plates of extreme sensitiveness are produced by it.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Print.)</i> <cd>A method of producing
photographic copies of drawings, engravings, printed pages, etc., and
also of photographic pictures, which can be printed from in a press
with ink, or (in some applications of the process) which can be used
as the molds of stereotype or electrotype plates.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Print. or Copying)</i> <cd>A method of
producing facsimile copies of an original, written or drawn in
aniline ink upon paper, thence transferred to a cake of gelatin
softened with glycerin, from which impressions are taken upon
ordinary paper.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable gelatin</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Gliadin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ge*lat"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gelatinated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gelatinating</u>.] <def>To convert into gelatin, or
into a substance resembling jelly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*lat"i*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
converted into gelatin, or into a substance like jelly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lapis lazuli, if calcined, does not effervesce, but
<i>gelatinates</i> with the mineral acids.</blockquote>
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*lat`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of process of converting into gelatin, or a substance like
jelly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gel"a*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Gelatin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gel`a*tin*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Gelatin</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>Yielding gelatin on boiling with water; capable of
gelatination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gel`a*tin"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the form of gelatin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*lat`i*ni*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Gelatination</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*lat"i*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convert into gelatin or jelly. Same as
<u>Gelatinate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>To coat, or otherwise
treat, with gelatin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*lat"i*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Gelatinate</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*lat"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;latineux</i>.] <def>Of the nature and consistence of
gelatin or the jelly; resembling jelly; viscous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gelatio</i> a
freezing, fr. <i>gelare</i> to freeze.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The
process of becoming solid by cooling; a cooling and
solidifying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Geld</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gild</i>,
<i>gield</i>, <i>geld</i>, tribute, payment, fr. <i>gieldan</i> to
pay, render. See <u>Yield</u>.] <def>Money; tribute; compensation;
ransom.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; This word occurs in old law books in composition, as in
dane<i>geld</i>, or dane<i>gelt</i>, a tax imposed by the Danes;
were<i>geld</i>, compensation for the life of a man, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Geld</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gelded</u> or Gelt (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gelding</u>.] [Icel. <i>gelda</i> to castrate; akin
to Dan. <i>gilde</i>, Sw. <i>g&auml;lla</i>, and cf. AS. <i>gilte</i>
a young sow, OHG. <i>galt</i> dry, not giving milk, G. <i>gelt</i>,
Goth. <i>gilpa</i> siclke.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To castrate; to
emasculate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of anything
essential.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bereft and <i>gelded</i> of his
patrimony.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of anything exceptionable; as,
to <i>geld</i> a book, or a story; to expurgate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Geld"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being gelded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Geld"a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Geld</u>
money.] <def>Liable to taxation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Geld"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gelds or
castrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gel"der-rose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Guelder-rose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Geld"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>gelding</i>
a gelding, akin to <i>geldingr</i> wether, eunuch, Sw.
<i>g&auml;lling</i> gelding, Dan. <i>gilding</i> eunuch. See
<u>Geld</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A castrated animal; --
usually applied to a horse, but formerly used also of the human
male.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They went down both into the water, Philip and the
<i>gelding</i>, and Philip baptized him.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Acts
viii. 38).</i></p>

<p><hw>Geld"ing</hw>, <pos><i>p. pr., a., &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<def>from <u>Geld</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Gel"id</hw> (j&ebreve;l"&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gelidus</i>, fr. <i>gelu</i> frost, cold. See <u>Cold</u>, and cf.
<u>Congeal</u>, <u>Gelatin</u>, <u>Jelly</u>.] <def>Cold; very cold;
frozen.</def> "<i>Gelid</i> founts."  <i>Thompson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*lid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being gelid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gel"id*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a gelid
manner; coldly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gel"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
gelid; gelidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gel"ly</hw> (j&ebreve;l"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Jelly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*los"copy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to laugh +
<i>-scopy</i>.] <def>Divination by means of laughter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*lose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gelatin</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An amorphous, gummy carbohydrate, found in
<i>Gelidium</i>, agar-agar, and other seaweeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gel*se"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Gelseminic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gel"se*mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid obtained from the yellow jasmine (<i>Gelsemium
sempervirens</i>), as a bitter white semicrystalline substance; --
called also <i>gelsemia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gel`se*min"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, the yellow jasmine (<i>Gelsemium
sempervirens</i>); as, <i>gelseminic</i> acid, a white crystalline
substance resembling esculin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gel*se"mium</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. It.
<i>gelsomino</i> jasmine.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of climbing plants. The yellow (false) jasmine (<i>Gelsemium
sempervirens</i>) is a native of the Southern United States. It has
showy and deliciously fragrant flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The root of the yellow
jasmine, used in malarial fevers, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gelt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Geld</u>.]
<def>Trubute, tax.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All these the king granted unto them . . . free from
all <i>gelts</i> and payments, in a most full and ample
manner.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gelt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gelt</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>A gelding.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gelt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gilding; tinsel.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gemme</i> precious
stone, F. <i>gemme</i>, fr. L. <i>gemma</i> a precious stone, bud.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A bud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the joints of thy prolific stem<BR>
A swelling knot is raised called a <i>gem</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A precious stone of any kind, as the ruby,
emerald, topaz, sapphire, beryl, spinel, etc., especially when cut
and polished for ornament; a jewel.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything of small size, or expressed
within brief limits, which is regarded as a gem on account of its
beauty or value, as a small picture, a verse of poetry, a witty or
wise saying.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Artificial gem</b></col>, <cd>an imitation of a gem, made
of glass colored with metallic oxide.  Cf. <u>Paste</u>, and
<u>Strass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gem</hw> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gemmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gemming</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put forth in the form of
buds.</def> "<i>Gemmed</i> their blossoms." [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with gems or precious
stones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To embellish or adorn, as with gems; as, a
foliage <i>gemmed</i> with dewdrops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>England is . . . <i>gemmed</i> with castles and
palaces.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ma"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.] <i>(Jewish
Law)</i> <def>The second part of the Talmud, or the commentary on the
Mishna (which forms the first part or text).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*mar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the Gemara.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ma"rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
the Gemara, or adhering to its teachings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gemel</i> twin,
F. <i>jumeau</i>, L. <i>gemellus</i> twin, doubled, dim. of
<i>geminus</i>. See <u>Gemini</u>, and cf. <u>Gimmal</u>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Coupled; paired.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bars gemel</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>two barrulets
placed near and parallel to each other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gem"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the twins.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Heb.)</i> <def>One of the barrulets placed
parallel and closed to each other.  Cf. <i>Bars gemel</i>, under
<u>Gemel</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two <i>gemels</i> silver between two griffins
passant.</blockquote> <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gemel hinge</b></col> <i>(Locksmithing)</i>, <cd>a hinge
consisting of an eye or loop and a hook.</cd> -- <col><b>Gemel
ring</b></col>, <cd>a ring with two or more links; a gimbal. See
<u>Gimbal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gemel window</b></col>, <cd>a window
with two bays.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gem`el*lip"a-rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gemellipara</i>, fem., <i>gemellus</i> twin + <i>parere</i> to
bear, produce.] <def>Producing twins.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gem"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>geminus</i>
twin.] <def>A pair.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>geminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>genimare</i> to double. See
<u>Gemini</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In pairs or twains; two together;
binate; twin; as, <i>geminate</i> flowers.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
double.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gem`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>geminatio</i>.] <def>A doubling; duplication; repetition.</def>
[R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gem"i*ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., twins, pl.
of <i>geminus</i>; cf. Skr. <i>j&?;mi</i> related as brother or
sister.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation of the zodiac,
containing the two bright stars <i>Castor</i> and <i>Pollux</i>;
also, the third sign of the zodiac, which the sun enters about May
20th.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem`i*ni*flo"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>geminus</i> twin + <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the flowers arranged in pairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>geminus</i>.]
<def>Double; in pairs.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gemi*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gemini</u>.]
<def>Twins; a pair; a couple.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gem`i*to"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>gemere</i>, <i>gemitum</i>, to sign, moan.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of birds including the true pigeons.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gem"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gemm&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a bud.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leaf bud, as distinguished from a flower
bud.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A bud spore; one of the
small spores or buds in the reproduction of certain Protozoa, which
separate one at a time from the parent cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem*ma"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to gems or to gemm&aelig;; of the nature of, or
resembling, gems or gemm&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem"ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gemmarius</i>.
See <u>Gem</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to gems.</def></p>

<p><! p. 618 !></p>

<p><hw>Gem"ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A receptacle for
jewels or gems; a jewel house; jewels or gems,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gemmatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>gemmare</i> to put forth buds, fr. <i>gemma</i> bud.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having buds; reproducing by buds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem"ma*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having buds;
adorned with gems or jewels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gemmation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The formation of a new
individual, either animal or vegetable, by a process of budding; an
asexual method of reproduction; gemmulation; gemmiparity. See
<u>Budding</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The arrangement of buds on
the stalk; also, of leaves in the bud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem"me*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gemmeus</i>.
See <u>Gem</u>.] <def>Pertaining to gems; of the nature of gems;
resembling gems.</def>  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gem*mif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gemma</i>
bud + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>gemmif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Producing
gems or buds</def>; <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>multiplying by
buds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem`mi*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gemma</i> bud + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-
fy</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The production of a bud or
gem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem`mi*flo"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gemma</i> bud + <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having flowers like buds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem"mi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being gemmy; spruceness; smartness.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Gem*mip"a*ra</hw> (?) <hw>||Gem*mip"a*res</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>gemma</i> bud +
<i>parere</i> to produce.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Animals which
increase by budding, as hydroids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem`mi*par"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Reproduction by budding; gemmation. See
<u>Budding</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem*mip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gemmipare</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Producing buds; reproducing by
buds. See <u>Gemmation</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem*mos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gemmosus</i> set with jewels. See <u>Gem</u>.] <def>The quality or
characteristics of a gem or jewel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gem`mu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>gemmula</i>, dim. of <i>gemma</i> bud.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Gemmation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem"mule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gemmula</i>,
dim. of <i>gemma</i>: cf. F. <i>gemmule</i>. See <u>Gem</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A little
leaf bud, as the plumule between the cotyledons.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the buds of mosses.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the reproductive spores of
alg&aelig;.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>An ovule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bud
produced in generation by gemmation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the imaginary granules or atoms which, according to
Darwin's hypothesis of pangenesis, are continually being thrown off
from every cell or unit, and circulate freely throughout the system,
and when supplied with proper nutriment multiply by self-division and
ultimately develop into cells like those from which they were
derived. They are supposed to be transmitted from the parent to the
offspring, but are often transmitted in a dormant state during many
generations and are then developed. See <u>Pangenesis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem`mu*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Gemmule</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing or producing gemmules
or buds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gem"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Gem</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of gems; bright; glittering like a
gem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>gemmy</i> bridle glittered free.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spruce; smart.</def> [Colloq. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ge*mote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [As. <i>gem&?;t</i> an
assembly. See <u>Meet</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(AS.
Hist.)</i> <def>A meeting; -- used in combination, as,
Witena<i>gemote</i>, an assembly of the wise men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gems</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The chamois.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gems"bok</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.; akin to G.
<i>gemsbock</i> the male or buck of the chamois; <i>gemse</i>
chamois, goat of the Alps + <i>bock</i> buck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South African antelope (<i>Oryx Capensis</i>), having long,
sharp, nearly straight horns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gems"-horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., prop., chamois
horn.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An organ stop with conical tin
pipes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*mul"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small South American deer (<i>Furcifer Chilensis</i>), with
simple forked horns.</def> [Written also <i>guemul</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>-gen</hw> (?). [(1) From Gr. <grk>-gen-</grk>, from the same
root as <grk>ge`nos</grk> race, stock (see <u>Genus</u>). (2) From
Gr. suffix <grk>-genh`s</grk> born.  Cf. F. <i>-g&egrave;ne</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A suffix used in scientific words in the
sense of <i>producing</i>, <i>generating</i>: as, amphi<i>gen</i>,
amido<i>gen</i>, halo<i>gen</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A suffix meaning <i>produced</i>,
<i>generated</i>; as, exo<i>gen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ge"na</hw> (?), [L., the cheek.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The cheek; the feathered side of the under
mandible of a bird.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The part of the
head to which the jaws of an insect are attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ge*nappe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Genappe</i>, in Belgium.] <def>A worsted yarn or cord of peculiar
smoothness, used in the manufacture of braid, fringe, etc.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gen`darme"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gendarmes</b></plw> (#), or <plw><b>Gens d'armes</b></plw>.
[F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>One of a body of heavy
cavalry.</def> [Obs.] [France]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An armed policeman in France.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen*darm"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gendarmerie</i>.] <def>The body of gendarmes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"der</hw> (j&ebreve;n"d&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>genre</i>, <i>gendre</i> (with excrescent <i>d</i>.), F.
<i>genre</i>, fr. L. <i>genus</i>, <i>generis</i>, birth, descent,
race, kind, gender, fr. the root of <i>genere</i>, <i>gignere</i>, to
beget, in pass., to be born, akin to E. <i>kin</i>. See <u>Kin</u>,
and cf. <u>Generate</u>, <u>Genre</u>, <u>Gentle</u>,
<u>Genus</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Kind; sort.</def> [Obs.] "One
<i>gender</i> of herbs."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sex, male or female.</def> [Obs. or
Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A classification of nouns,
primarily according to sex; and secondarily according to some fancied
or imputed quality associated with sex.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gender</i> is a grammatical distinction and applies
to words only. Sex is natural distinction and applies to living
objects.</blockquote> <i>R. Morris.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Adjectives and pronouns are said to vary in gender when the
form is varied according to the gender of the words to which they
refer.</p>

<p><hw>Gen"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gendered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gendering</u>.] [OF. <i>gendrer</i>, fr. L. <i>generare</i>. See
<u>Gender</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To beget; to
engender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To copulate; to
breed.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"der*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
gender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen`e*a*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; race
+ E. <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Alternate generation. See
under <u>Generation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen`e*a*log"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Genealogical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen`e*a*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;n&eacute;alogique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
genealogy; as, a <i>genealogical</i> table; <i>genealogical</i>
order.</def> -- <wf>Gen`e*a*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Genealogical tree</b></col>, <cd>a family lineage or
genealogy drawn out under the form of a tree and its
branches.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gen`e*al"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;n&eacute;alogiste</i>.] <def>One who traces genealogies
or the descent of persons or families.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen`e*al"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
investigate, or relate the history of, descents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen`e*al"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Genealogies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>genealogi</i>,
<i>genelogie</i>, OF. <i>genelogie</i>, F.
<i>g&eacute;n&eacute;alogie</i>, L. <i>genealogia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;;
&?; birth, race, descent (akin to L. <i>genus</i>) + &?;
discourse.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An account or history of the descent of a
person or family from an ancestor; enumeration of ancestors and their
children in the natural order of succession; a pedigree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Regular descent of a person or family from
a progenitor; pedigree; lineage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"e*arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; race +
&?; a leader.] <def>The chief of a family or tribe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Genus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen`er*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being generated.</def>  <i>Johnstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>generabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being generated or
produced.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>g&eacute;n&eacute;ral</i>, fr. L. <i>generalis</i>. See
<u>Genus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to a genus or kind;
pertaining to a whole class or order; as, a <i>general</i> law of
animal or vegetable economy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Comprehending many species or individuals;
not special or particular; including all particulars; as, a
<i>general</i> inference or conclusion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not restrained or limited to a precise
import; not specific; vague; indefinite; lax in signification; as, a
loose and <i>general</i> expression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Common to many, or the greatest number;
widely spread; prevalent; extensive, though not universal; as, a
<i>general</i> opinion; a <i>general</i> custom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>general</i> applause and cheerful shout<BR>
Argue your wisdom and your love to Richard.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having a relation to all; common to the
whole; as, Adam, our <i>general</i> sire.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>As a whole; in gross; for the most
part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>general</i> behavior vain,
ridiculous.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Usual; common, on most occasions; as, his
<i>general</i> habit or method.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>general</i>, annexed to a name of office,
usually denotes <i>chief</i> or <i>superior</i>; as, attorney-
<i>general</i>; adjutant <i>general</i>; commissary <i>general</i>;
quartermaster <i>general</i>; vicar-<i>general</i>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>General agent</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an agent whom a
principal employs to transact all his business of a particular kind,
or to act in his affairs generally.</cd> -- <col><b>General
assembly</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under <u>Assembly</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>General average</b></col>, <col><b>General Court</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Average</u>, <u>Court</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>General
court-martial</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the highest military and
naval judicial tribunal.</cd> -- <col><b>General dealer</b></col>
<i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a shopkeeper who deals in all articles in common
use.</cd> -- <col><b>General demurrer</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
demurrer which objects to a pleading in general terms, as
insufficient, without specifying the defects.</cd> <i>Abbott.</i> --
<col><b>General epistle</b></col>, <cd>a canonical epistle.</cd> --
<col><b>General guides</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>two sergeants
(called the <i>right</i>, and the <i>left</i>, <i>general guide</i>)
posted opposite the right and left flanks of an infantry battalion,
to preserve accuracy in marching.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> --
<col><b>General hospitals</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>hospitals
established to receive sick and wounded sent from the field
hospitals.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i>  <col><b>General issue</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an issue made by a general plea, which traverses
the whole declaration or indictment at once, without offering any
special matter to evade it.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> <i>Burrill.</i> --
<col><b>General lien</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a right to detain a
chattel, etc., until payment is made of any balance due on a general
account.</cd> -- <col><b>General officer</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>any officer having a rank above that of colonel.</cd> --
<col><b>General orders</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>orders from
headquarters published to the whole command.</cd> -- <col><b>General
practitioner</b></col>, <cd>in the United States, one who practices
medicine in all its branches without confining himself to any
specialty; in England, one who practices both as physician and as
surgeon.</cd> -- <col><b>General ship</b></col>, <cd>a ship not
chartered or let to particular parties.</cd> -- <col><b>General
term</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>a term which is the sign of a
general conception or notion.</cd> -- <col><b>General
verdict</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the ordinary comprehensive
verdict in civil actions, "for the plaintiff" or "for the
defendant".</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>General warrant</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a warrant, now illegal, to apprehend suspected
persons, without naming individuals.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> <u>General</u>, <u>Common</u>, <u>Universal</u>.
<i>Common</i> denotes primarily that in which many share; and hence,
that which is often met with. <i>General</i> is stronger, denoting
that which pertains to a majority of the individuals which compose a
<i>genus</i>, or whole. <i>Universal</i>, that which pertains to all
without exception. To be able to read and write is so <i>common</i>
an attainment in the United States, that we may pronounce it
<i>general</i>, though by no means <i>universal</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>g&eacute;n&eacute;ral</i>. See <u>General</u>.,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The whole; the total; that which
comprehends or relates to all, or the chief part; -- opposed to
<i>particular</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In particulars our knowledge begins, and so spreads
itself by degrees to <i>generals</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>One of the chief military
officers of a government or country; the commander of an army, of a
body of men not less than a brigade. In European armies, the highest
military rank next below field marshal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States the office of <i>General of the
Army</i> has been created by temporary laws, and has been held only
by Generals U. S. Grant, W. T. Sherman, and P. H. Sheridan.
Popularly, the title <i>General</i> is given to various <i>general
officers</i>, as General, Lieutenant general, Major general,
Brigadier general, Commissary general, etc. See <u>Brigadier
general</u>, <u>Lieutenant general</u>, <u>Major general</u>, in the
Vocabulary.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The roll of the drum which
calls the troops together; as, to beat the <i>general</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The chief of an order of
monks, or of all the houses or congregations under the same
rule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The public; the people; the vulgar.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In general</b></col>, <cd>in the main; for the most
part.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Gen`e*ra"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Neut. pl.,
fr. L. <i>generalis</i>.] <def>Generalities; general terms.</def>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen`er*al*is"si*mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.,
superl. of <i>generale</i> general. See <u>General</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The chief commander of an army;
especially, the commander in chief of an army consisting of two or
more grand divisions under separate commanders; -- a title used in
most foreign countries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen`er*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Generalities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>generalitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;n&eacute;ralit&eacute;</i>.  Cf. <u>Generalty</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being general; the quality of
including species or particulars.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is general; that which lacks
specificalness, practicalness, or application; a general or vague
statement or phrase.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us descend from <i>generalities</i> to
particulars.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The glittering and sounding <i>generalities</i> of
natural right which make up the Declaration of
Independence.</blockquote> <i>R. Choate.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The main body; the bulk; the greatest
part; as, the <i>generality</i> of a nation, or of mankind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*al*i`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being generalized, or reduced to a general form of statement, or
brought under a general rule.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Extreme cases are . . . not
<i>generalizable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen`er*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;n&eacute;ralisation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of generalizing; the
act of bringing individuals or particulars under a genus or class;
deduction of a general principle from particulars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Generalization</i> is only the apprehension of the
one in the many.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A general inference.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Generalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Generalizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;n&eacute;raliser</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring under a genus or under genera; to
view in relation to a genus or to genera.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Copernicus <i>generalized</i> the celestial motions by
merely referring them to the moon's motion. Newton <i>generalized</i>
them still more by referring this last to the motion of a stone
through the air.</blockquote> <i>W. Nicholson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To apply to other genera or classes; to
use with a more extensive application; to extend so as to include all
special cases; to make universal in application, as a formula or
rule.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a fact is <i>generalized</i>, our discontent is
quited, and we consider the generality itself as tantamount to an
explanation.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To derive or deduce (a general conception,
or a general principle) from particulars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mere conclusion <i>generalized</i> from a great
multitude of facts.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*al*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form into
a genus; to view objects in their relations to a genus or class; to
take general or comprehensive views.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*al*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Comprising structural characters which are
separated in more specialized forms; synthetic; as, a
<i>generalized</i> type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*al*i`zer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
takes general or comprehensive views.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In general; commonly; extensively, though not universally; most
frequently.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a general way, or in general relation;
in the main; upon the whole; comprehensively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Generally</i> speaking, they live very
quietly.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Collectively; as a whole; without
omissions.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I counsel that all Israel be <i>generally</i> gathered
unto thee.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xvii. ll.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition
or quality of being general; frequency; commonness.</def>  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*al*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The office of a general; the exercise of the functions of a
general; -- sometimes, with the possessive pronoun, the personality
of a general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>generalship</i> puts me in mind of Prince
Eugene.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Military skill in a general officer or
commander.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Leadership; management.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An artful stroke of <i>generalship</i> in Trim to
raise a dust.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Generality.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>generans</i>,
<i>p. pr.</i> of <i>generare</i>.] <def>Generative; producing</def>;
esp. <i>(Geom.)</i>, <def>acting as a generant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which generates.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A generatrix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Generated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Generating</u>.] [L. <i>generatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>generare</i> to generate, fr. <i>genus</i>. See <u>Genus</u>,
<u>Gender</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beget; to procreate; to propagate; to
produce (a being similar to the parent); to engender; as, every
animal <i>generates</i> its own species.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be; to bring into life.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To originate, especially by a vital or
chemical process; to produce; to cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever <i>generates</i> a quantity of good chyle
must likewise <i>generate</i> milk.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To trace out, as a line,
figure, or solid, by the motion of a point or a magnitude of inferior
order.</def></p>

<p><! p. 619 !></p>

<p><hw>Gen`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>generacioun</i>, F. <i>g&eacute;n&eacute;ration</i>, fr.L.
<i>generatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of generating or
begetting; procreation, as of animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Origination by some process, mathematical,
chemical, or vital; production; formation; as, the <i>generation</i>
of sounds, of gases, of curves, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is generated or brought forth;
progeny; offspiring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A single step or stage in the succession
of natural descent; a rank or remove in genealogy. Hence: The body of
those who are of the same genealogical rank or remove from an
ancestor; the mass of beings living at one period; also, the average
lifetime of man, or the ordinary period of time at which one rank
follows another, or father is succeeded by child, usually assumed to
be one third of a century; an age.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the book of the <i>generations</i> of
Adam.</blockquote> <i>Gen. v. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall remain there [in Babylon] many years, and for
a long season, namely, seven <i>generations</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Baruch vi. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>generations</i> and ages of the Christian
church.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Race; kind; family; breed;
stock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy mother's of my <i>generation</i>; what's she, if I
be a dog?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The formation or production
of any geometrical magnitude, as a line, a surface, a solid, by the
motion, in accordance with a mathematical law, of a point or a
magnitude; as, the <i>generation</i> of a line or curve by the motion
of a point, of a surface by a line, a sphere by a semicircle,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The aggregate of the
functions and phenomene which attend reproduction.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are four modes of generation in the animal kingdom:
<i>scissiparity</i> or by fissiparous generation, <i>gemmiparity</i>
or by budding, <i>germiparity</i> or by germs, and <i>oviparity</i>
or by ova.</p>

<p><col><b>Alternate generation</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>,
<cd>alternation of sexual with asexual generation, in which the
products of one process differ from those of the other, -- a form of
reproduction common both to animal and vegetable organisms. In the
simplest form, the organism arising from sexual generation produces
offspiring unlike itself, agamogenetically. These, however, in time
acquire reproductive organs, and from their impregnated germs the
original parent form is reproduced. In more complicated cases, the
first series of organisms produced agamogenetically may give rise to
others by a like process, and these in turn to still other
generations. Ultimately, however, a generation is formed which
develops sexual organs, and the original form is reproduced.</cd> --
<col><b>Spontaneous generation</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the
fancied production of living organisms without previously existing
parents from inorganic matter, or from decomposing organic matter, a
notion which at one time had many supporters; abiogenesis.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;n&eacute;ratif</i>.] <def>Having the power of generating,
propagating, originating, or producing.</def> "That <i>generative</i>
particle."  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, generates, begets,
causes, or produces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An apparatus in which vapor or gas is
formed from a liquid or solid by means of heat or chemical process,
as a steam boiler, gas retort, or vessel for generating carbonic acid
gas, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The principal sound or
sounds by which others are produced; the fundamental note or root of
the common chord; -- called also <i>generating tone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen`er*a"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Generatrices</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Generatrixes</b></plw>
(#). [L.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>That which generates; the point, or the
mathematical magnitude, which, by its motion, generates another
magnitude, as a line, surface, or solid; -- called also
<i>describent</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge*ner"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ge*ner"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>genus</i>, <i>generis</i>, race, kind:
cf. F. <i>g&eacute;n&eacute;rique</i>. See <u>Gender</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a genus or
kind; relating to a genus, as distinct from a species, or from
another genus; as, a <i>generic</i> description; a <i>generic</i>
difference; a <i>generic</i> name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very comprehensive; pertaining or
appropriate to large classes or their characteristics; -- opposed to
<i>specific</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ner"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With regard
to a genus, or an extensive class; as, an animal <i>generically</i>
distinct from another, or two animals or plants <i>generically</i>
allied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ner"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being generic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ner`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>genus</i> kind, class + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See
<u>-fy</u>.] <def>The act or process of generalizing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Out of this the universal is elaborated by
<i>generification</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen`er*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>generositas</i>: cf. F. <i>g&eacute;n&eacute;rosit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Noble birth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harris
(Voyages).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being noble; noble-
mindedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Generosity</i> is in nothing more seen than in a
candid estimation of other men's virtues and good
qualities.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liberality in giving;
munificence.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Magnanimity; liberality.</p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>g&eacute;n&eacute;reux</i>, fr. L. <i>generous</i> of noble birth,
noble, excellent, magnanimous, fr. <i>genus</i> birth, race: cf. It.
<i>generoso</i>. See 2d <u>Gender</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of honorable birth or origin;
highborn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>generous</i> and gravest citizens.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting those qualities which are
popularly reregarded as belonging to high birth; noble; honorable;
magnanimous; spirited; courageous.</def> "The <i>generous</i>
critic." <i>Pope.</i> "His <i>generous</i> spouse." <i>Pope.</i> "A
<i>generous</i> pack [of hounds]." <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Open-handed; free to give; not close or
niggardly; munificent; as, a <i>generous</i> friend or
father.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by generosity; abundant;
overflowing; as, a <i>generous</i> table.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Full of spirit or strength; stimulating;
exalting; as, <i>generous</i> wine.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Magnanimous; bountiful. See <u>Liberal</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Gen"er*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Gen"er*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gen`e*see" ep"och</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The closing
subdivision of the Hamilton period in the American Devonian system; -
- so called because the formations of this period crop out in
<i>Genesee</i>, New York.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ne"sial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to generation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ne`si*ol"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; birth +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The doctrine or science of generation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
<grk>ge`nesis</grk>, fr. the root of <grk>gi`gnesqai</grk> to beget,
be born; akin to L. <i>genus</i> birth, race. See <u>Gender</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of producing, or giving birth or
origin to anything; the process or mode of originating; production;
formation; origination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The origin and <i>genesis</i> of poor Sterling's
club.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The first book of the Old Testament; -- so
called by the Greek translators, from its containing the history of
the creation of the world and of the human race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Generation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"et</hw> (j&ebreve;n"&ebreve;t <i>or</i>
j&esl;*n&ebreve;t"), <hw>Ge*nette"</hw> (j&esl;*n&ebreve;t"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>genette</i>, Sp. <i>gineta</i>, fr. Ar.
<i>jarnei&tsdot;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several species of small Carnivora of the genus
<i>Genetta</i>, allied to the civets, but having the scent glands
less developed, and without a pouch.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common genet (<i>Genetta vulgaris</i>) of Southern
Europe, Asia Minor, and North Africa, is dark gray, spotted with
black. The long tail is banded with black and white. The Cape genet
(<i>G. felina</i>), and the berbe (<i>G. pardina</i>), are related
African species.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fur of the common genet (<i>Genetta
vulgaris</i>); also, any skin dressed in imitation of this
fur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Jennet</u>.]
<def>A small-sized, well-proportioned, Spanish horse; a jennet.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*neth"li*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>genethliacus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; belonging to one's birth,
<grk>gene`qlh</grk> birth, fr. <grk>gi`gnesqai</grk> to be born.]
<def>Pertaining to nativities; calculated by astrologers; showing
position of stars at one's birth.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*neth"li*ac</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A birthday poem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One skilled in genethliacs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen`eth*li"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Genethliac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*neth"li*acs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
of calculating nativities, or predicting the future events of life
from the stars which preside at birth.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*neth`li*al"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>geneqlhalogi`a</grk> astrology; <grk>gene`qlh</grk> birth +
<grk>lo`gos</grk> discourse.] <def>Divination as to the destinies of
one newly born; the act or art of casting nativities;
astrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*neth`li*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
calculates nativities.</def>  <i>Sir W. Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*net"ic</hw> (j&esl;*n&ebreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Genetical</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*net"ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Genesis</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, concerned with, or
determined by, the genesis of anything, or its natural mode of
production or development.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This historical, <i>genetical</i> method of viewing
prior systems of philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*net"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
genetical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ne"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The chief city of
Switzerland.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Geneva Bible</b></col>, <cd>a translation of the Bible
into English, made and published by English refugees in Geneva
(Geneva, 1560; London, 1576). It was the first English Bible printed
in Roman type instead of the ancient black letter, the first which
recognized the division into verses, and the first which omitted the
Apocrypha. In form it was a small quarto, and soon superseded the
large folio of Cranmer's translation. Called also <i>Genevan
Bible</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Geneva convention</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>an agreement made by representatives of the great continental
powers at Geneva and signed in 1864, establishing new and more humane
regulation regarding the treatment of the sick and wounded and the
status of those who minister to them in war. Ambulances and military
hospitals are made neutral, and this condition affects physicians,
chaplains, nurses, and the ambulance corps. Great Britain signed the
convention in 1865.</cd> -- <col><b>Geneva cross</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a red Greek cross on a white ground; -- the flag
and badge adopted in the Geneva convention.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ne"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>geni&egrave;vre</i> juniper, juniper berry, gin, OF.
<i>geneivre</i> juniper, fr. L. <i>juniperus</i> the juniper tree:
cf. D. <i>jenever</i>, fr. F. <i>geni&egrave;vre</i>. See
<u>Juniper</u>, and cf. <u>Gin</u> a liquor.] <def>A strongly
alcoholic liquor, flavored with juniper berries; -- made in Holland;
Holland gin; Hollands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ne"van</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Geneva, in Switzerland; Genevese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ne"van</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Geneva.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A supported of Genevanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ne"van*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Geneva</i>, where Calvin resided.] <def>Strict Calvinism.</def>
<i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen`e*vese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>Genevensis</i>, F. <i>g&eacute;nevois</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to Geneva, in Switzerland; Genevan.</def> -- <pos><i>n. sing. &
pl.</i></pos>  <def>A native or inhabitant of Geneva; collectively,
the inhabitants of Geneva; people of Geneva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ni"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Genian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"ial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>genialis</i>:
cf. OF. <i>genial</i>. See <u>Genius</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Contributing to, or concerned in, propagation or production;
generative; procreative; productive.</def> "The <i>genial</i> bed."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Creator Venus, <i>genial</i> power of
love.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contributing to, and sympathizing with,
the enjoyment of life; sympathetically cheerful and cheering; jovial
and inspiring joy or happiness; exciting pleasure and sympathy;
enlivening; kindly; as, she was of a cheerful and <i>genial</i>
disposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So much I feel my <i>genial</i> spirits
droop.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to one's genius or natural
character; native; natural; inborn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Natural incapacity and <i>genial</i>
indisposition.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Denoting or marked with genius; belonging
to the higher nature.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Men of genius have often attached the highest value to
their less <i>genial</i> works.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Genial gods</b></col> <i>(Pagan Mythol.)</i>, <cd>the
powers supposed to preside over marriage and generation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ge`ni*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>genialitas</i>.] <def>The quality of being genial; sympathetic
cheerfulness; warmth of disposition and manners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"ial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>By genius or nature; naturally.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some men are <i>genially</i> disposed to some
opinions.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gayly; cheerfully.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"ial*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being genial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ni"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; chin; akin to
&?; under jaw.  Cf. <u>Chin</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the chin; mental; as, the <i>genian</i>
prominence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*nic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>geniculatus</i>, fr. <i>geniculum</i> little knee, knot or joint,
dim. of <i>genu</i> knee. See <u>Knee</u>.] <def>Bent abruptly at an
angle, like the knee when bent; as, a <i>geniculate</i> stem; a
<i>geniculate</i> ganglion; a <i>geniculate</i> twin
crystal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*nic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Geniculated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Geniculating</u>.] <def>To form joints or knots
on.</def> [R.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*nic"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Geniculate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*nic`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>geniculatio</i> a kneeling.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of kneeling.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being bent abruptly at an
angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||G&eacute;`nie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Genius</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ge"ni*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Genius</u>.] <def>A man of a particular turn of mind.</def> [R.]
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge`ni*o*hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
chin + E. <i>hyoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
chin and hyoid bone; as, the <i>geniohyoid</i> muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"i*pap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The edible fruit of a West Indian tree (<i>Genipa Americana</i>)
of the order <i>Rubiace&aelig;</i>. It is oval in shape, as a large
as a small orange, of a pale greenish color, and with dark purple
juice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ge*nis"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., broom.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants including the common broom of
Western Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>genitalis</i>,
fr. <i>genere</i>, <i>gignere</i>, to beget: cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;nital</i>. See <u>Gender</u>.] <def>Pertaining to
generation, or to the generative organs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Genital cord</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a cord
developed in the fetus by the union of portions of the Wolffian and
M&uuml;llerian ducts and giving rise to parts of the urogenital
passages in both sexes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gen"i*tals</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [From
<u>Genital</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>: cf. L. <i>genitalia</i>.]
<def>The organs of generation; the sexual organs; the private
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"i*ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Jenneting</u>.] <def>A species of apple that ripens very
early.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen`i*ti"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Possessing
genitive from; pertaining to, or derived from, the genitive case; as,
a <i>genitival</i> adverb.</def> -- <wf>Gen`i*ti"val*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gen"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>genitivus</i>, fr. <i>gignere</i>, <i>genitum</i>, to beget: cf.
F. <i>g&eacute;nitif</i>. See <u>Gender</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to that case (as the second case of Latin and Greek
nouns) which expresses source or possession.  It corresponds to the
possessive case in English.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The
genitive case.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Genitive absolute</b></col>, <cd>a construction in Greek
similar to the ablative absolute in Latin. See <i>Ablative
absolute</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gen`i*to*cru"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Genit</i>al + <i>crural</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
the genital organs and the thigh; -- applied especially to one of the
lumbar nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who begets; a generator; an
originator.</def>  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The genitals.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen`i*to*u"ri*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Genit</i>al + <i>urinary</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Urogenital</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"i*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>genitura</i>:
cf. F. <i>g&eacute;niture</i>.] <def>Generation; procreation;
birth.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"ius</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Geniuses</b></plw> (#); <i>in sense 1</i>, L.
<plw><b>Genii</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>genius</i>, prop., the superior
or divine nature which is innate in everything, the spirit, the
tutelar deity or genius of a person or place, taste, talent, genius,
from <i>genere</i>, <i>gignere</i>, to beget, bring forth. See
<u>Gender</u>, and cf. <u>Engine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A good
or evil spirit, or demon, supposed by the ancients to preside over a
man's destiny in life; a tutelary deity; a supernatural being; a
spirit, good or bad.  Cf. <u>Jinnee</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unseen <i>genius</i> of the wood.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We talk of genius still, but with thought how changed!
The <i>genius</i> of Augustus was a tutelary demon, to be sworn by
and to receive offerings on an altar as a deity.</blockquote>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The peculiar structure of mind with which
each individual is endowed by nature; that disposition or aptitude of
mind which is peculiar to each man, and which qualifies him for
certain kinds of action or special success in any pursuit; special
taste, inclination, or disposition; as, a <i>genius</i> for history,
for poetry, or painting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Peculiar character; animating spirit, as
of a nation, a religion, a language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Distinguished mental superiority; uncommon
intellectual power; especially, superior power of invention or
origination of any kind, or of forming new combinations; as, a man of
<i>genius</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Genius</i> of the highest kind implies an unusual
intensity of the modifying power.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A man endowed with uncommon vigor of mind;
a man of superior intellectual faculties; as, Shakespeare was a rare
<i>genius</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Genius</u>, <u>Talent</u>.  <i>Genius</i>
implies high and peculiar gifts of nature, impelling the mind to
certain favorite kinds of mental effort, and producing new
combinations of ideas, imagery, etc. <i>Talent</i> supposes general
strength of intellect, with a peculiar aptitude for being molded and
directed to specific employments and valuable ends and purposes.
<i>Genius</i> is connected more or less with the exercise of
imagination, and reaches its ends by a kind of intuitive power.
<i>Talent</i> depends more on high mental training, and a perfect
command of all the faculties, memory, judgment, sagacity, etc. Hence
we speak of a <i>genius</i> for poetry, painting. etc., and a
<i>talent</i> for business or diplomacy. Among English orators, Lord
Chatham was distinguished for his <i>genius</i>; William Pitt for his
pre&euml;minent <i>talents</i>, and especially his unrivaled
<i>talent</i> for debate.</p>

<p><! p. 620 !></p>

<p><col><b>||Genius loci</b></col> (&?;) [L.], <cd>the genius or
presiding divinity of a place; hence, the pervading spirit of a place
or institution, as of a college, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gen`o*ese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Genoa, a city of Italy.</def> -- <pos><i>n. sing. &
pl.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of Genoa; collectively, the
people of Genoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ge*nouil`l&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>A metal plate covering
the knee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>That part of a parapet
which lies between the gun platform and the bottom of an
embrasure.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ge*nous</hw>. [<i>-gen</i> + <i>-ous</i>.] <def>A suffix
signifying <i>producing</i>, <i>yielding</i>; as,
alkali<i>genous</i>; endo<i>genous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Genre</hw> (zh&auml;N"r'), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Gender</u>.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A style of painting,
sculpture, or other imitative art, which illustrates everyday life
and manners.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gens</hw> (j&ebreve;nz), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gentes</b></plw> (j&ebreve;n"t&emacr;z). [L. See
<u>Gentle</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Rom. Hist.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A clan or family connection, embracing
several families of the same stock, who had a common name and certain
common religious rites; a subdivision of the Roman curia or
tribe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A minor subdivision of a
tribe, among American aborigines. It includes those who have a common
descent, and bear the same totem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gent</i>, fr. L.
<i>genitus</i> born, or (less prob.) fr. <i>gentilis</i>. See
<u>Genteel</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Gentle; noble; of gentle birth.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All of a knight [who] was fair and
<i>gent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Neat; pretty; fine; elegant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her body <i>gent</i> and small.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen*teel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>gentil</i>
noble, pretty, graceful. See <u>Gentle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Possessing or exhibiting the qualities popularly regarded as
belonging to high birth and breeding; free from vulgarity, or lowness
of taste or behavior; adapted to a refined or cultivated taste;
polite; well-bred; as, <i>genteel</i> company, manners,
address.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Graceful in mien or form; elegant in
appearance, dress, or manner; as, the lady has a <i>genteel</i>
person. <i>Law</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Suited to the position of lady or a
gentleman; as, to live in a <i>genteel</i> allowance.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Polite; well-bred; refined; polished.</p>

<p><hw>Gen*teel"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
genteel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen*teel"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a genteel
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen*teel"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being genteel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"ter*ie</hw> (?), <hw>Gen"trie</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. See <u>Gentry</u>.] <def>Nobility of birth
or of character; gentility.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tian</hw> (j&ebreve;n"sh<i>a</i>n <i>or</i> -
sh&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>genciane</i>, F.
<i>gentiane</i>, L. <i>gentiana</i>, fr. <i>Gentius</i>, an Illyrian
king, said to have discovered its properties.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
one of a genus (<i>Gentiana</i>) of herbaceous plants with opposite
leaves and a tubular four- or five-lobed corolla, usually blue, but
sometimes white, yellow, or red. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Capsule</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many species are found on the highest mountains of Europe,
Asia, and America, and some are prized for their beauty, as the
Alpine (<i>Gentiana verna</i>, <i>Bavarica</i>, and <i>excisa</i>),
and the American fringed gentians (<i>G. crinita</i> and <i>G.
detonsa</i>). Several are used as tonics, especially the bitter roots
of <i>Gentiana lutea</i>, the officinal gentian of the
pharmacop&oelig;ias.</p>

<p><col><b>Horse gentian</b></col>, <cd>fever root.</cd> --
<col><b>Yellow gentian</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the officinal
gentian (<i>Gentiana lutea</i>). See <u>Bitterwort</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gen`tian*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants
(<i>Gentianace&aelig;</i>) of which the gentian is the
type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen`tian*el"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Gentian</u>.] <def>A kind of blue color.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen`ti*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
or derived from the gentian; as, <i>gentianic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tian*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A bitter, crystallizable substance obtained from
gentian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tian*ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A crystallizable, sugarlike substance, with a slightly sweetish
taste, obtained from the gentian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"til</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Gentle.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tile</hw> (j&ebreve;n"t&imacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gentilis</i> belonging to the same clan, stock, race, people, or
nation; in opposition to <i>Roman</i>, a foreigner; in opposition to
<i>Jew</i> or <i>Christian</i>, a heathen: cf. F. <i>gentil</i>. See
<u>Gentle</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>One of a non-Jewish nation;
one neither a Jew nor a Christian; a worshiper of false gods; a
heathen.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Hebrews included in the term <i>g&omacr;yim</i>, or
nations, all the tribes of men who had not received the true faith,
and were not circumcised. The Christians translated
<i>g&omacr;yim</i> by the L. <i>gentes</i>, and imitated the Jews in
giving the name <i>gentiles</i> to all nations who were neither Jews
nor Christians. In civil affairs, the denomination was given to all
nations who were not Romans.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pagan; heathen. See <u>Pagan</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Gen"tile</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to the nations at large, as distinguished from the
<i>Jews</i>; ethnic; of pagan or heathen people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Denoting a race or country;
as, a <i>gentile</i> noun or adjective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tile-fal`con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Falcon-gentil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen`ti*lesse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>gentilesse</i>, <i>gentelise</i>, F. <i>gentillesse</i>. See
<u>Gentle</u>. <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Gentleness; courtesy;
kindness; nobility.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"til*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heathenish;
pagan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"til*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gentilisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hethenism; paganism; the worship of false
gods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tribal feeling; devotion to one's
<i>gens</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gen`ti*li"tial</hw> (?), <hw>Gen`ti*li"tious</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gentilitius</i>. See <u>Gentile</u>.]
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Peculiar to a people; national.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hereditary; entailed on a family.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gentilitas</i> the relationship of those who belong to the same
clan, also, heathenism: cf. F. <i>gentilit&eacute;</i> heathenism.
See <u>Gentile</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Good extraction; dignity of birth.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . mines my <i>gentility</i> with my
education.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or qualities appropriate to
those who are well born, as self-respect, dignity, courage, courtesy,
politeness of manner, a graceful and easy mien and behavior, etc.;
good breeding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The class in society who are, or are
expected to be, genteel; the gentry.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Paganism; heathenism.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"til*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Gentile</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To live like a gentile or heathen.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act the gentleman; -- with <i>it</i>
(see <u>It</u>, 5).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gen"til*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To render
gentile or gentlemanly; as, to <i>gentilize</i> your unworthy
sones.</def> [R.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"til*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From
<u>Gentil</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>In a gentle or hoble
manner; frankly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen`ti*o*pi"krin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Gentian</i> + Gr. &?; bitter.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter,
yellow, crystalline substance, regarded as a glucoside, and obtained
from the gentian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"ti*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A tasteless, yellow, crystalline substance, obtained from the
gentian; -- called also <i>gentianin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Gentler</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Gentlest</u> (?).] [OE. <i>gentil</i>,
F. <i>gentil</i> noble, pretty, graceful, fr. L. <i>gentilis</i> of
the same clan or race, fr. <i>gens</i>, <i>gentis</i>, tribe, clan,
race, orig. that which belongs together by birth, fr. the root of
<i>genere</i>, <i>gignere</i>, to beget; hence <i>gentle</i>,
properly, of birth or family, that is, of good or noble birth. See
<u>Gender</u>, and cf. <u>Genteel</u>, <u>Gentil</u>, <u>Gentile</u>,
<u>Gentoo</u>, <u>Jaunty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Well-born; of
a good family or respectable birth, though not noble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>British society is divided into nobility, gentry, and
yeomanry, and families are either noble, <i>gentle</i>, or
simple.</blockquote> <i>Johnson's Cyc.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The studies wherein our noble and <i>gentle</i> youth
ought to bestow their time.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Quiet and refined in manners; not rough,
harsh, or stern; mild; meek; bland; amiable; tender; as, a
<i>gentle</i> nature, temper, or disposition; a <i>gentle</i> manner;
a <i>gentle</i> address; a <i>gentle</i> voice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A compellative of respect, consideration,
or conciliation; as, <i>gentle</i> reader.</def> "<i>Gentle</i>
sirs."  "<i>Gentle</i> Jew."  "<i>Gentle</i> servant."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not wild, turbulent, or refractory; quiet
and docile; tame; peaceable; as, a <i>gentle</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Soft; not violent or rough; not strong,
loud, or disturbing; easy; soothing; pacific; as, a <i>gentle</i>
touch; a <i>gentle</i> gallop .</def> "<i>Gentle</i> music." <i>Sir
J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O sleep! it is a <i>gentle</i> thing.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The gentle craft</b></col>, <cd>the art or trade of
shoemaking.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mild; meek; placid; dovelike; quiet; peaceful;
pacific; bland; soft; tame; tractable; docile.  -- <u>Gentle</u>,
<u>Tame</u>, <u>Mild</u>, <u>Meek</u>. <i>Gentle</i> describes the
natural disposition; <i>tame</i>, that which is subdued by training;
<i>mild</i> implies a temper which is, by nature, not easily
provoked; <i>meek</i>, a spirit which has been schooled to mildness
by discipline or suffering. The lamb is <i>gentle</i>; the domestic
fowl is <i>tame</i>; John, the Apostle, was <i>mild</i>; Moses was
<i>meek</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Gen"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
well born; a gentleman.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gentles</i>, methinks you frown.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trained falcon. See <u>Falcon-
gentil</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A dipterous larva used
as fish bait.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gent"le</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make genteel; to raise from the vulgar; to ennoble.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make smooth, cozy, or agreeable.</def>
[R. or Poet.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>gentle</i> life's descent,<BR>
We shut our eyes, and think it is a plain.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make kind and docile, as a horse.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gen"tle*folk`</hw> (?), <hw>Gen"tle*folks`</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Persons of gentle or good family and
breeding.</def> [Generally in the United States in the plural form.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tle-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
kind or gentle disposition.</def> <i>Shak.</i> -- <wf>Gen"tle-
heart`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tle*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gentlemen</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>gentilman</i> nobleman;
<i>gentil</i> noble + <i>man</i> man; cf. F. <i>gentilhomme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man well born; one of good family; one
above the condition of a yeoman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of gentle or refined manners; a well-
bred man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One who bears arms, but has
no title.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The servant of a man of rank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The count's <i>gentleman</i>, one
Cesario.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A man, irrespective of condition; -- used
esp. in the plural (= citizens; people), in addressing men in popular
assemblies, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Great Britain, the term <i>gentleman</i> is applied in a
limited sense to those having coats of arms, but who are without a
title, and, in this sense, <i>gentlemen</i> hold a middle rank
between the nobility and yeomanry. In a more extended sense, it
includes every man above the rank of yeoman, comprehending the
nobility. In the United States, the term is applied to men of
education and good breeding of every occupation.</p>

<p><col><b>Gentleman commoner</b></col>, <cd>one of the highest class
of commoners at the University of Oxford.</cd> -- <col><b>Gentleman
usher</b></col>, <cd>one who ushers visitors into the presence of a
sovereign, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Gentleman usher of the black
rod</b></col>, <cd>an usher belonging to the Order of the Garter,
whose chief duty is to serve as official messenger of the House of
Lords.</cd> -- <col><b>Gentlemen-at-arms</b></col>, <cd>a band of
forty gentlemen who attend the sovereign on state occasions; formerly
called <i>gentlemen pensioners</i>.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gen"tle*man*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
qualities or condition of a gentleman.</def> [R.]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gen"tle*man*like`</hw> (?), <hw>Gen"tle*man*ly</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, resembling, or becoming,
a gentleman; well-behaved; courteous; polite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tle*man*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being gentlemanly; gentlemanly conduct or manners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tle*man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The carriage
or quality of a gentleman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tle*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being gentle, well-born, mild, benevolent, docile, etc.;
gentility; softness of manners, disposition, etc.;
mildness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tle*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The deportment or
conduct of a gentleman.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gent"lesse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gentilesse;
gentleness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gen"tle*wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gentlewomen</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman of good family or of good
breeding; a woman above the vulgar.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman who attends a lady of high
rank.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a gentle
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My mistress <i>gently</i> chides the fault I
made.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen*too"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gentoos</b></plw> (#). [Pg. <i>gentio</i> gentile, heathen.
See <u>Gentile</u>.] <def>A native of Hindostan; a Hindoo.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Gen"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>genterie</i>,
<i>gentrie</i>, noble birth, nobility, cf. <i>gentrise</i>, and OF.
<i>gentelise</i>, <i>genterise</i>, E. <i>gentilesse</i>, also OE.
<i>genteleri</i> high-mindedness. See <u>Gent</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Gentle</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Birth; condition; rank by birth.</def> [Obs.]
"Pride of <i>gentrie</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She conquers him by high almighty Jove,<BR>
By knighthood, <i>gentry</i>, and sweet friendship's
oath.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>People of education and good breeding; in
England, in a restricted sense, those between the nobility and the
yeomanry.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Courtesy; civility; complaisance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To show us so much <i>gentry</i> and good
will.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From F. <i>gentil</i>.
Cf. <u>Jaunty</u>.] <def>Neat; trim.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ge"nu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Genua</b></plw> (#). [L., the knee.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The knee.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
kneelike bend, in the anterior part of the callosum of the
brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen`u*flect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Genuflected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Genuflecting</u>.] [See <u>Genuflection</u>.] <def>To bend the
knee, as in worship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen`u*flec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>g&eacute;nuflexion</i>, fr. LL. <i>genuflexio</i>, fr. L.
<i>genu</i> knee + <i>flexio</i> a bending, fr. <i>flectere</i>,
<i>flexum</i>, to bend. See <u>Knee</u>, <u>Flexible</u>.] <def>The
act of bending the knee, particularly in worship.</def>  <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"u*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>genuinus</i>,
fr. <i>genere</i>, <i>gignere</i>, to beget, in pass., to be born:
cf. F. <i>g&eacute;nuine</i>. See <u>Gender</u>.] <def>Belonging to,
or proceeding from, the original stock; native; hence, not
counterfeit, spurious, false, or adulterated; authentic; real;
natural; true; pure; as, a <i>genuine</i> text; a <i>genuine</i>
production; <i>genuine</i> materials.</def> "True, <i>genuine</i>
night."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Authentic; real; true; pure; unalloyed;
unadulterated. See <u>Authentic</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Gen"u*ine*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Gen"u*ine*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The evidence, both internal and external, against the
<i>genuineness</i> of these letters, is overwhelming.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge"nus</hw> (j&emacr;"n&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Genera</b></plw> (#). [L., birth, race, kind,
sort; akin to Gr. &?;. See <u>Gender</u>, and cf. <u>Benign</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A class of objects divided
into several subordinate species; a class more extensive than a
species; a precisely defined and exactly divided class; one of the
five predicable conceptions, or sorts of terms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An assemblage of species,
having so many fundamental points of structure in common, that in the
judgment of competent scientists, they may receive a common
substantive name. A genus is not necessarily the lowest definable
group of species, for it may often be divided into several subgenera.
In proportion as its definition is exact, it is <i>natural</i> genus;
if its definition can not be made clear, it is more or less an
<i>artificial</i> genus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Thus in the animal kingdom the lion, leopard, tiger, cat,
and panther are species of the Cat kind or genus, while in the
vegetable kingdom all the species of oak form a single genus. Some
genera are represented by a multitude of species, as Solanum
(<i>Nightshade</i>) and Carex (<i>Sedge</i>), others by few, and some
by only one known species.</p>

<p><col><b>Subaltern genus</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>a genus
which may be a species of a higher genus, as the genus denoted by
<i>quadruped</i>, which is also a species of <i>mammal</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Summum genus</b></col> [L.] <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>the highest
genus; a genus which can not be classed as a species, as
<i>being</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ge"nys</hw> (j&emacr;"n&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ge`nys</grk> the under jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Gonys</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge`o*cen"tric</hw> (?), <hw>Ge`o*cen"tric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth
+ <grk>ke`ntron</grk> center: cf. F. <i>g&eacute;ocentrique</i>.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having reference to the
earth as center; in relation to or seen from the earth, -- usually
opposed to <i>heliocentric</i>, as seen from the sun; as, the
<i>geocentric</i> longitude or latitude of a planet.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having reference to the center of the
earth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Geocentric latitude</b></col><cd> (of place) the angle
included between the radius of the earth through the place and the
plane of the equator, in distinction from <i>geographic</i> latitude.
It is a little less than the geographic latitude.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*cen"tric*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
geocentric manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*oc"ro*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + <grk>Kro`nos</grk>
Saturn, the alchemistic name of lead: cf. G. <i>geokronit</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A lead-gray or grayish blue mineral with a
metallic luster, consisting of sulphur, antimony, and lead, with a
small proportion of arsenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*cyc"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + <grk>ky`klos</grk>
circle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or illustrating,
the revolutions of the earth; as, a <i>geocyclic</i>
machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Circling the earth periodically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge"ode</hw> (j&emacr;"&omacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>g&eacute;ode</i>, L. <i>geodes</i>, fr. Gr. &?; earthlike;
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + <grk>e'i^dos</grk>
form.] <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A nodule of stone,
containing a cavity, lined with crystals or mineral matter.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cavity in such a nodule.</def></p>

<p><! p. 621 !></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*deph"a*gous</hw>
(j&emacr;`&osl;*d&ebreve;f"&adot;*g&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, earth + <grk>'adhfa`gos</grk>
eating one's fill; gluttonous.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Living in
the earth; -- applied to the ground beetles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge`o*des"ic</hw> (j&emacr;`&osl;*d&ebreve;s"&ibreve;k),
<hw>Ge`o*des"ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>g&eacute;od&eacute;sique</i>.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to geodesy; geodetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*des"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A geodetic line or
curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*od"e*sist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
geodesy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*od"e*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + &?; to divide: cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;od&eacute;sie</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>That branch of
applied mathematics which determines, by means of observations and
measurements, the figures and areas of large portions of the earth's
surface, or the general figure and dimenshions of the earth; or that
branch of surveying in which the curvature of the earth is taken into
account, as in the surveys of States, or of long lines of
coast.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge`o*det"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ge`o*det"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to geodesy; obtained or
determined by the operations of geodesy; engaged in geodesy;
geodesic; as, <i>geodetic</i> surveying; <i>geodetic</i>
observers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Geodetic line</b></col> or <col><b>curve</b></col>,
<cd>the shortest line that can be drawn between two points on the
elipsoidal surface of the earth; a curve drawn on any given surface
so that the osculating plane of the curve at every point shall
contain the normal to the surface; the minimum line that can be drawn
on any surface between any two points.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*det"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
geodetic manner; according to geodesy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*det"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Geodesy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*dif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Geode</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Producing geodes; containing
geodes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge"o*duck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [American Indian
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gigantic clam (<i>Glycimeris
generosa</i>) of the Pacific coast of North America, highly valued as
an article of food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge`og*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Geognosy</u>.] <def>Knowledge of the earth.</def> [R.]  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge"og*nost</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;ognoste</i>.] <def>One versed in geognosy; a
geologist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge`og*nos"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Ge`og*nos"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>g&eacute;ognostique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to geognosy, or to a knowledge of the structure of the
earth; geological.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ge*og"no*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + <grk>gnw^sis</grk>
knowing, knowledge, fr. <grk>gignw`skein</grk> to know: cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;ognosie</i>.] <def>That part of geology which treats of
the materials of the earth's structure, and its general exterior and
interior constitution.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge`o*gon"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ge`o*gon"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>g&eacute;ogonique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to geogony, or to the formation of the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*og"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + &?; generation, birth,
fr. the root of &?; to be born: cf. F. <i>g&eacute;ogonie</i>.]
<def>The branch of science which treats of the formation of the
earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*og"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in geography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ge`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>geographicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;ographique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
geography.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Geographical distribution</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Distribution</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Geographic
latitude</b></col><cd> (of a place), the angle included between a
line perpendicular or normal to the level surface of water at rest at
the place, and the plane of the equator; differing slightly from the
geocentric latitude by reason of the difference between the earth's
figure and a true sphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Geographical
mile</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Mile</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Geographical variation</b></col>, <cd>any variation of a
species which is dependent on climate or other geographical
conditions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*graph"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
geographical manner or method; according to geography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Geographies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>g&eacute;ographie</i>, l.
<i>geographia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the
earth + &?; description, fr. &?; to write, describe. See
<u>Graphic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science which treats of
the world and its inhabitants; a description of the earth, or a
portion of the earth, including its structure, features, products,
political divisions, and the people by whom it is
inhabited.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on this science.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Astronomical</b></col>, <col><b>or Mathematical</b></col>,
<cd>geography treats of the earth as a planet, of its shape, its
size, its lines of latitude and longitude, its zones, and the
phenomena due to to the earth's diurnal and annual motions.</cd> --
<col><b>Physical geography</b></col><cd> treats of the conformation
of the earth's surface, of the distribution of land and water, of
minerals, plants, animals, etc., and applies the principles of
physics to the explanation of the diversities of climate,
productions, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Political geography</b></col><cd>
treats of the different countries into which earth is divided with
regard to political and social and institutions and
conditions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + &?; worship.] <def>The
worship of the earth.</def>  <i>G. W. Cox.</i></p>

<p><u>The Geological Series</u>.
&fist; The science of geology, as treating of the history of the
globe, involves a description of the different strata which compose
its crust, their order of succession, characteristic forms of animal
and vegetable life, etc. The principal subdivisions of geological
time, and the most important strata, with their relative positions,
are indicated in the following diagram.
</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge*ol"o*ger</hw> (?), <hw>Ge`o*lo"gi*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A geologist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ge`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>g&eacute;ologique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to geology, or the science of the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*log"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
geological manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>G&eacute;ologiste</i>.] <def>One versed in the science of
geology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ol"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Geologized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Geologizing</u> (?).] <def>To study geology or make
geological investigations in the field; to discourse as a
geologist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>During midsummer <i>geologized</i> a little in
Shropshire.</blockquote> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Geologies</b></plw> (#). [Gr. <grk>ge`a</grk>,
<grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;ologie</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science which treats:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Of the structure and mineral constitution of the
globe; structural geology. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Of its history as
regards rocks, minerals, rivers, valleys, mountains, climates, life,
etc.; historical geology. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> Of the causes and
methods by which its structure, features, changes, and conditions
have been produced; dynamical geology. See Chart of <u>The Geological
Series</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on the science.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*om"a*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + <grk>"omalismo`s</grk> a
leveling.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The tendency of an organism to
respond, during its growth, to the force of gravitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge"o*man`cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices, or is versed in, geomancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>geomance</i>, <i>geomancie</i>, F. <i>g&eacute;omance</i>,
<i>g&eacute;omancie</i>, LL. <i>geomantia</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + <grk>mantei`a</grk>
divination.] <def>A kind of divination by means of figures or lines,
formed by little dots or points, originally on the earth, and
latterly on paper.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge`o*man"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Ge`o*man"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>g&eacute;omantique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining or belonging to geomancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>g&eacute;om&egrave;tre</i>, L. <i>geometres</i>, <i>geometra</i>,
fr. Gr. <grk>gewme`trhs</grk>, fr. <grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>,
the earth + <grk>me`tron</grk> measure. See <u>Meter</u> measure.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One skilled in geometry; a geometrician; a
mathematician.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
geometrid moth; a geometrid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*om"e*tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;om&eacute;tral</i>.] <def>Pertaining to geometry.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge`o*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Ge`o*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>geometricus</i>; Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;om&eacute;trique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or according
to the rules or principles of, geometry; determined by geometry; as,
a <i>geometrical</i> solution of a problem.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Geometric</i> is often used, as opposed to
<i>algebraic</i>, to include processes or solutions in which the
propositions or principles of geometry are made use of rather than
those of algebra.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Geometrical</i> is often used in a limited or strictly
technical sense, as opposed to <i>mechanical</i>; thus, a
construction or solution is <i>geometrical</i> which can be made by
ruler and compasses, <i>i. e.</i>, by means of right lines and
circles. Every construction or solution which requires any other
curve, or such motion of a line or circle as would generate any other
curve, is not <i>geometrical</i>, but <i>mechanical</i>. By another
distinction, a <i>geometrical</i> solution is one obtained by the
rules of geometry, or processes of analysis, and hence is exact;
while a <i>mechanical</i> solution is one obtained by trial, by
actual measurements, with instruments, etc., and is only approximate
and empirical.</p>

<p><col><b>Geometrical curve</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Algebraic
curve</i>; -- so called because their different points may be
constructed by the operations of elementary geometry.</cd> --
<col><b>Geometric lathe</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for engraving
bank notes, etc., with complicated patterns of interlacing lines; --
called also <i>cycloidal engine</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Geometrical
pace</b></col>, <cd>a measure of five feet.</cd> -- <col><b>Geometric
pen</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for drawing geometric curves, in
which the movements of a pen or pencil attached to a revolving arm of
adjustable length may be indefinitely varied by changing the toothed
wheels which give motion to the arm.</cd> -- <col><b>Geometrical
plane</b></col> <i>(Persp.)</i>, <cd>the same as <i>Ground plane</i>
.</cd> -- <col><b>Geometrical progression</b></col>,
<col><b>proportion</b></col>, <col><b>ratio</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Progression</u>, <u>Proportion</u> and <u>Ratio</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Geometrical radius</b></col>, <cd>in gearing, the radius of
the pitch circle of a cogwheel.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Geometric spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
many species of spiders, which spin a geometrical web. They mostly
belong to <i>Epeira</i> and allied genera, as the garden spider. See
<u>Garden spider</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Geometric square</b></col>,
<cd>a portable instrument in the form of a square frame for
ascertaining distances and heights by measuring angles.</cd> --
<col><b>Geometrical staircase</b></col>, <cd>one in which the stairs
are supported by the wall at one end only.</cd> --
<col><b>Geometrical tracery</b></col>, <cd>in architecture and
decoration, tracery arranged in geometrical figures.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 622 !></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*met"ric*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>According to the rules or laws of geometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*om`e*tri"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in geometry; a geometer; a mathematician.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*om"e*trid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining or belonging to the
<i>Geometrid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*om"e*trid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of numerous genera and species of moths, of the family
<i>Geometrid&aelig;</i>; -- so called because their larv&aelig;
(called <i>loopers</i>, <i>measuring worms</i>, <i>spanworms</i>, and
<i>inchworms</i>) creep in a looping manner, as if measuring. Many of
the species are injurious to agriculture, as the
cankerworms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*om"e*trize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Geometrized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Geometrizing</u> (?).] <def>To investigate or
apprehend geometrical quantities or laws; to make geometrical
constructions; to proceed in accordance with the principles of
geometry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature <i>geometrizeth</i>, and observeth order in all
things.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Geometries</b></plw> (#) [F. <i>g&eacute;om&eacute;trie</i>,
L. <i>geometria</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to measure land;
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + &?; to measure. So
called because one of its earliest and most important applications
was to the measurement of the earth's surface. See <u>Geometer</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That branch of mathematics which investigates
the relations, properties, and measurement of solids, surfaces,
lines, and angles; the science which treats of the properties and
relations of magnitudes; the science of the relations of
space.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on this science.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Analytical, or Co&ouml;rdinate</b></col>,
<col><b>geometry</b></col>, <cd>that branch of mathematical analysis
which has for its object the analytical investigation of the
relations and properties of geometrical magnitudes.</cd> --
<col><b>Descriptive geometry</b></col>, <cd>that part of geometry
which treats of the graphic solution of all problems involving three
dimensions.</cd> -- <col><b>Elementary geometry</b></col>, <cd>that
part of geometry which treats of the simple properties of straight
lines, circles, plane surface, solids bounded by plane surfaces, the
sphere, the cylinder, and the right cone.</cd> -- <col><b>Higher
geometry</b></col>, <cd>that pert of geometry which treats of those
properties of straight lines, circles, etc., which are less simple in
their relations, and of curves and surfaces of the second and higher
degrees.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ge*oph"a*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, earth + &?; to eat.] <def>The act or
habit of eating earth. See <i>Dirt eating</i>, under
<u>Dirt</u>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*oph"a*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who eats
earth, as dirt, clay, chalk, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*oph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Earth-
eating.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ge*oph"i*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, earth + &?; to love.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The division of Mollusca which includes the
land snails and slugs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge`o*pon"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ge`o*pon"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, earth
+ &?; toilsome, fr. &?; labor: cf. F. <i>g&eacute;oponique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to tillage of the earth, or agriculture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*pon"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;oponique</i>.] <def>The art or science of cultivating the
earth; agriculture.</def>  <i>Evelin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*ra"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + &?; sight, view, &?; to
see, view: cf. F. <i>g&eacute;orama</i>.] <def>A hollow globe on the
inner surface of which a map of the world is depicted, to be examined
by one standing inside.</def></p>

<p><hw>Geor"die</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name given by
miners to <i>George</i> Stephenson's safety lamp.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>George</hw> (j&ocirc;rj), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>George</i>, or <i>Georges</i>, a proper name, fr. Gr.
<grk>gewrgo`s</grk> husbandman, laborer; <grk>ge`a</grk>,
<grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + <grk>'e`rgein</grk> to work; akin to E.
<i>work</i>. See <u>Work</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A figure of St. George (the patron saint
of England) on horseback, appended to the collar of the Order of the
Garter. See <u>Garter</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of brown loaf.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>George" no`ble</hw> (?). [So called from the image of St.
<i>George</i> on it.] <def>A gold noble of the time of Henry VIII.
See <u>Noble</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Geor"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to Georgia, in Asia, or to Georgia, one of the
United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or relating to the reigns of the four
Georges, kings of Great Britan; as, the <i>Georgian</i> era.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Geor"gi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of, or
dweller in, Georgia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Geor"gic</hw> (-j&ibreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>georgicum</i> (sc. <i>carmen</i>), and <i>georgica</i>, pl., Gr.
<grk>bi`blion gewrgiko`n</grk>, and <grk>ta~ gewrgika`</grk>: cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;orgiques</i>, pl. See <u>Georgic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A rural poem; a poetical composition on
husbandry, containing rules for cultivating lands, etc.; as, the
<i>Georgics</i> of Virgil.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Geor"gic</hw> (j&ocirc;r"j&ibreve;k), <hw>Geor"gic*al</hw>
(-j&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>georgicus</i>,
Gr. <grk>gewrgiko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>gewrgi`a</grk> tillage,
agriculture: cf. F. <i>g&eacute;orgique</i>. See <u>George</u>.]
<def>Relating to agriculture and rural affairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Geor"gi*um Si`dus</hw> (?). [NL., the star of <i>George</i>
(III. of England).] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The planet Uranus, so named
by its discoverer, Sir W. Herschel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*os"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + <i>-scopy</i>: cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;oscopie</i>.] <def>Knowledge of the earth, ground, or
soil, obtained by inspection.</def>  <i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*se*len"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + &?; moon.]
<def>Pertaining to the earth and moon; belonging to the joint action
or mutual relations of the earth and moon; as, <i>geoselenic</i>
phenomena.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*stat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, earth + E. <i>static</i>.] <i>(Civil
Engin.)</i> <def>Relating to the pressure exerted by earth or similar
substance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Geostatic arch</b></col>, <cd>an arch having a form
adapted to sustain pressure similar to that exerted by earth.</cd>
<i>Rankine.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*syn*cli"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + E. <i>synclinal</i>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>the downward bend or subsidence of the earth's
crust, which allows of the gradual accumulation of sediment, and
hence forms the first step in the making of a mountain range; --
opposed to <i>geanticlinal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*ther*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + E. <i>thermometer</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>A thermometer specially constructed for
measuring temperetures at a depth below the surface of the
ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ot"ic</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ge`a</grk>,
<grk>gh^</grk>, the earth.] <def>Belonging to earth;
terrestrial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Geotropism</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Relating to, or showing,
geotropism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*ot"ro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + &?; to turn.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A disposition to turn or incline towards the
earth; the influence of gravity in determining the direction of
growth of an organ.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In plants, organs which grow towards the center of the
earth are said to be <i>positively geotropic</i>, and those growing
in the opposite direction <i>negatively geotropic</i>. In animals,
geotropism is supposed by some to have an influence either direct or
indirect on the plane of division of the ovum.</p>

<p><hw>||Ge*phyr"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a dam, a bridge.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of marine
Annelida, in which the body is imperfectly, or not at all, annulated
externally, and is mostly without set&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*phyr"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Gephyrea. --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> One of the Gerphyrea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*phyr"e*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
[<i>Gephyrea</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Gephyrean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*pound"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gipoun</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ge"rah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>g&?;rah</i>,
lit., a bean.] <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>A small coin and weight;
1-20th of a shekel.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The silver gerah is supposed to have been worth about three
cents; the gold about fifty-four cents; the weight equivalent to
about thirteen grains.</p>

<p><hw>Ge*ra`ni*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a natural order of pants
(<i>Geraniace&aelig;</i>) which includes the genera Geranium,
Pelargonium, and many others.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge*ra"ni*ine</hw> (?), <hw>Ger"a*nine</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Geranium</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A valuable astringent
obtained from the root of the <i>Geranium maculatum</i> or crane's-
bill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid terpene, obtained
from the crane's-bill (<i>Geranium maculatum</i>), and having a
peculiar mulberry odor.</def> [Written also <i>geraniin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ge*ra"ni*um</hw> (j&esl;*r&amacr;"n&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. <grk>gera`nion</grk>, from
<grk>ge`ranos</grk> crane: cf. F. <i>g&eacute;ranium</i>. See
<u>Crane</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants having a
beaklike torus or receptacle, around which the seed capsules are
arranged, and membranous projections, or stipules, at the joints.
Most of the species have showy flowers and a pungent odor. Called
sometimes <i>crane's-bill</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Floriculture)</i> <def>A cultivated
pelargonium.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many plants referred to the genus <i>Geranium</i> by the
earlier botanists are now separated from it under the name of
<i>Pelargonium</i>, which includes all the commonly cultivated
"geraniums", mostly natives of South Africa.</p>

<p><hw>Ge"rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>g&eacute;rant</i>.] <def>The manager or acting partner of a
company, joint-stock association, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gerbe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop. a sheaf.]
<i>(Pyrotechny)</i> <def>A kind of ornamental firework.</def>
<i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ger"bil</hw> (j&etilde;r"b&ibreve;l), <hw>||Ger`bille"</hw>
(zh&asl;r`b&esl;l"), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gerbille</i>.  Cf.
<u>Jerboa</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species of
small, jumping, murine rodents, of the genus <i>Gerbillus</i>. In
their leaping powers they resemble the jerboa. They inhabit Africa,
India, and Southern Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger*bo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The jerboa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gear.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gerens</i>,
<i>p. pr.</i> of <i>gerere</i> to bear, manage.] <def>Bearing;
carrying.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ger"fal`con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Gyrfalcon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>girer</i>
to twirl, E. <i>gyrate</i>.] <def>Changeable; capricious.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ger"land</hw> (?), <hw>Ger"lond</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A garland.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ger"lind</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A salmon returning from the sea the second time.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Germ</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>germe</i>, fr. L.
<i>germen</i>, <i>germinis</i>, sprout, but, germ.  Cf.
<u>Germen</u>, <u>Germane</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>That which is to develop a new individual; as, the <i>germ</i>
of a fetus, of a plant or flower, and the like; the earliest form
under which an organism appears.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the entire process in which a new being originates
. . . two distinct classes of action participate; namely, the act of
generation by which the <i>germ</i> is produced; and the act of
development, by which that <i>germ</i> is evolved into the complete
organism.</blockquote> <i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That from which anything springs; origin;
first principle; as, the <i>germ</i> of civil liberty.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Disease germ</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a name applied
to certain tiny bacterial organisms or their spores, such as
<i>Anthrax bacillus</i> and the <i>Micrococcus</i> of fowl cholera,
which have been demonstrated to be the cause of certain diseases. See
<i>Germ theory</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Germ cell</b></col>
<i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the germ, egg, spore, or cell from which the
plant or animal arises. At one time a part of the body of the parent,
it finally becomes detached,and by a process of multiplication and
growth gives rise to a mass of cells, which ultimately form a new
individual like the parent. See <u>Ovum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Germ
gland</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <u>Gonad</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Germ stock</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a special
process on which buds are developed in certain animals. See
<u>Doliolum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Germ theory</b></col>
<i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the theory that living organisms can be produced
only by the evolution or development of living germs or seeds. See
<u>Biogenesis</u>, and <u>Abiogenesis</u>. As applied to the origin
of disease, the theory claims that the zymotic diseases are due to
the rapid development and multiplication of various bacteria, the
germs or spores of which are either contained in the organism itself,
or transferred through the air or water. See <i>Fermentation
theory</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Germ</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
germinate.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ger*main"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Germane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>german</i>,
<i>germain</i>, F. <i>germain</i>, fr. L. <i>germanus</i> full, own
(said of brothers and sisters who have the same parents); akin to
<i>germen</i> germ.  Cf. <u>Germ</u>, <u>Germane</u>.] <def>Nearly
related; closely akin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wert thou a leopard, thou wert <i>german</i> to the
lion.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Brother german</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Brother
german</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cousins german</b></col>. <cd>See the
Note under <u>Cousin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ger"man</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Germans</b></plw> (#) [L. <i>Germanus</i>, prob. of Celtis
origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or one of the people of
Germany.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The German language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A round dance, often
with a waltz movement, abounding in capriciosly involved
figures.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A social party at which the
german is danced.</def></p>

<p><col><b>High German</b></col>, <cd>the Teutonic dialect of Upper
or Southern Germany, -- comprising <i>Old High German</i>, used from
the 8th to the 11th century; <i>Middle H. G</i>., from the 12th to
the 15th century; and Modern or <i>New H. G</i>., the language of
Luther's Bible version and of modern German literature. The dialects
of Central Germany, the basis of the modern literary language, are
often called <i>Middle German</i>, and the Southern German dialects
<i>Upper German</i>; but <i>High German</i> is also used to cover
both groups.</cd> -- <col><b>Low German</b></col>, <cd>the language
of Northern Germany and the Netherlands, -- including <i>Friesic</i>;
<i>Anglo-Saxon</i> or <i>Saxon</i>; <i>Old Saxon</i>; <i>Dutch</i> or
<i>Low Dutch</i>, with its dialect, <i>Flemish</i>; and
<i>Plattdeutsch</i> (called also <i>Low German</i>), spoken in many
dialects.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ger"man</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Germanus</i>. See
<u>German</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Of or pertaining to
Germany.</def></p>

<p><col><b>German Baptists</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Dunker</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>German bit</b></col>, <cd>a wood-boring tool, having a long
elliptical pod and a scew point.</cd> -- <col><b>German
carp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the crucian carp.</cd> --
<col><b>German millet</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of millet
(<i>Setaria Italica</i>, var.), whose seed is sometimes used for
food.</cd> -- <col><b>German paste</b></col>, <cd>a prepared food for
caged birds.</cd> -- <col><b>German process</b></col>
<i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>the process of reducing copper ore in a blast
furnace, after roasting, if necessary.</cd> <i>Raymond.</i> --
<col><b>German sarsaparilla</b></col>, <cd>a substitute for
sarsaparilla extract.</cd> -- <col><b>German sausage</b></col>, <cd>a
polony, or gut stuffed with meat partly cooked.</cd> --
<col><b>German silver</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a silver-white
alloy, hard and tough, but malleable and ductile, and quite permanent
in the air. It contains nickel, copper, and zinc in varying
proportions, and was originally made from old copper slag at
Henneberg. A small amount of iron is sometimes added to make it
whiter and harder. It is essentially identical with the Chinese alloy
<i>packfong</i>. It was formerly much used for tableware, knife
handles, frames, cases, bearings of machinery, etc., but is now
largely superseded by other white alloys.</cd> -- <col><b>German
steel</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a metal made from bog iron ore
in a forge, with charcoal for fuel.</cd> -- <col><b>German
text</b></col> <i>(Typog.)</i>, <cd>a character resembling modern
German type, used in English printing for ornamental headings, etc.,
as in the words,</p>

<p>&fist; <germantype><point10>This line is German
Text.</point10></germantype>
</cd></p>

<p>-- <col><b>German tinder</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Amadou</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ger*man"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>germaunder</i>, F. <i>germandr&eacute;e</i>, It.
<i>calamandrea</i>, L. <i>chamaedrys</i>, fr. Gr.&?;; &?; on the
earth or ground + &?; tree. See <u>Humble</u>, and <u>Tree</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus <i>Teucrium</i> (esp.
<i>Teucrium Cham&aelig;drys</i> or wall germander), mintlike herbs
and low shrubs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>American germander</b></col>, <cd><i>Teucrium
Canadense</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Germander chickweed</b></col>,
<cd><i>Veronica agrestis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Water
germander</b></col>, <cd><i>Teucrium Scordium</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood germander</b></col>, <cd><i>Teucrium
Scorodonia</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ger*mane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>German</u>
akin, nearly related.] <def>Literally, near akin; hence, closely
allied; appropriate or fitting; relevant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The phrase would be more <i>germane</i> to the
matter.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[An amendment] must be <i>germane</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Barclay (Digest).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ger*man"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, germanium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger*man"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Germanicus</i>:
cf. F. <i>germanique</i>. See <u>German</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Germany; as, the
<i>Germanic</i> confederacy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Teutonic.</def> [A loose sense]</p>

<p><hw>Ger"man*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>germanisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An idiom of the German
language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A characteristic of the Germans; a
characteristic German mode, doctrine, etc.; rationalism.</def>  <i>J.
W. Alexander.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ger*ma"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>Germania</i> Germany.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare element,
recently discovered (1885), in a silver ore (<i>argyrodite</i>) at
Freiberg. It is a brittle, silver-white metal, chemically
intermediate between the metals and nonmetals, resembles tin, and is
in general identical with the predicted <i>ekasilicon</i>. Symbol Ge.
Atomic weight 72.3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger`man*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of Germanizing.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ger"man*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Germanized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.  &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Germanizing</u> (?).] <def>To make German, or like
what is distinctively German; as, to <i>Germanize</i> a province, a
language, a society.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger"man*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To reason or
write after the manner of the Germans.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ger*ma"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Germ</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An organ in which the ova are
developed in certain Turbellaria.</def></p>

<p><! p. 623 !></p>

<p><hw>Ger"men</hw> (j&etilde;r"m&ebreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Germens</b></plw> (#), L.
<plw><b>Germina</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>See <u>Germ</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger"mi*ci`dal</hw> (j&etilde;r"m&ibreve;*s&imacr;`d<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Germicide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger"mi*cide</hw> (j&etilde;r"m&ibreve;*s&imacr;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Germ</i> + L. <i>caedere</i> to kill.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Destructive to germs; -- applied to any agent
which has a destructive action upon living germs, particularly
bacteria, or bacterial germs, which are considered the cause of many
infectious diseases.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A germicide
agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger"mi*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Germ</u>.]
<def>Pertaining or belonging to a germ; as, the <i>germinal</i>
vesicle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Germinal layers</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the two
layers of cells, the ectoblast and entoblast, which form respectively
the outer covering and inner wall of the gastrula. A third layer of
cells, the mesoblast, which is formed later and lies between these
two, is sometimes included.</cd> -- <col><b>Germinal
membrane</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Blastoderm</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Germinal spot</b></col>
<i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the nucleolus of the ovum.</cd> --
<col><b>Germinal vesicle</b></col>, <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>, the nucleus
of the ovum of animals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ger`mi*nal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Germ</u> .] <def>The seventh month of the French republican
calendar [1792 -- 1806]. It began March 21 and ended April 19. See
<u>Vend&Eacute;miaire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger"mi*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>germinans</i>, <i>p. pr.</i>] <def>Sprouting; sending forth germs
or buds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Germinated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Germinating</u>.] [L. <i>germinatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>germinare</i> to sprout, fr. <i>germen</i>. See <u>Germ</u>.]
<def>To sprout; to bud; to shoot; to begin to vegetate, as a plant or
its seed; to begin to develop, as a germ.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ger"mi*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
sprout.</def>  <i>Price (1610).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ger`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>germinatio</i>: cf. F. <i>germination</i>.] <def>The process of
germinating; the beginning of vegetation or growth in a seed or
plant; the first development of germs, either animal or
vegetable.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Germination apparatus</b></col>, <cd>an apparatus for
malting grain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ger"mi*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>germinatif</i>.] <def>Pertaining to germination; having power to
bud or develop.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Germinative spot</b></col>, <col><b>Germinative
vesicle</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Germinal spot</i>,
<i>Germinal vesicle</i>, under <u>Germinal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ger`mi*par"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Germ</i> +
L. <i>parere</i> to produce.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Reproduction by
means of germs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Germ"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
germs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger"mo*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Germ</i> + <i>-
gen</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A polynuclear mass
of protoplasm, not divided into separate cells, from which certain
ova are developed.</def> <i>Balfour.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
primitive cell in certain embryonic forms.</def> <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Germ" plasm`</hw> (?), <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Plasmogen</u>, and <u>Idioplasm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Germ"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. fr.
<i>germ</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A small germ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gern</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Grin</u>.]
<def>To grin or yawn.</def> [Obs.] "[/He] gaped like a gulf when he
did <i>gern</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ger"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A garner.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ger`o*co"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See
<u>Gerocomy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger`o*com"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to gerocomy.</def>  <i>Dr. John Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ge*roc"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>g&eacute;rocomie</i>, fr. Gr. &?; an old man + &?; to take care
of.] <def>That part of medicine which treats of regimen for old
people.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ge*ron"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>Magistrates in Sparta, who with
the ephori and kings, constituted the supreme civil
authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger`on*toc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
an old man + &?; to rule.] <def>Government by old men.</def> [R.]
<i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ger`o*pig"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.
<i>geropiga</i>.] <def>A mixture composed of unfermented grape juice,
brandy, sugar, etc., for adulteration of wines.</def> [Written also
<i>jerupigia</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>-ger*ous</hw> (?). [L. <i>-ger</i>, fr. <i>gerere</i> to bear,
carry. See <u>Jest</u>.] <def>A suffix signifying <i>bearing</i>,
<i>producing</i>; as, calci<i>gerous</i>;
denti<i>gerous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger`ry*man"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gerrymandered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gerrymandering</u>.] <def>To divide (a State) into
districts for the choice of representatives, in an unnatural and
unfair way, with a view to give a political party an advantage over
its opponent.</def> [Political Cant, U. S.]</p>

<p>&fist; This was done in Massachusetts at a time when Elbridge
<i>Gerry</i> was governor, and was attributed to his influence, hence
the name; though it is now known that he was opposed to the measure.
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ger"und</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gerundium</i>,
fr. <i>gerere</i> to bear, carry, perform. See <u>Gest</u> a deed,
<u>Jest</u>.] <i>(Lat. Gram.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of verbal noun, having only the
four oblique cases of the singular number, and governing cases like a
participle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(AS. Gram.)</i> <def>A verbal noun ending in
<i>-e</i>, preceded by <i>to</i> and usually denoting <i>purpose</i>
or <i>end</i>; -- called also the <i>dative infinitive</i>; as, "Ic
h&aelig;bbe mete t&ocirc; <i>etanne</i>" (I have meat to <i>eat</i>.)
In Modern English the name has been applied to verbal or participal
nouns in <i>-ing</i> denoting a transitive action; <i>e. g.</i>, by
<i>throwing</i> a stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*run"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or resembling, a gerund; as, a <i>gerundial</i> use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*run"dive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gerundivus</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or partaking of, the nature
of the gerund; gerundial.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Lat.
Gram.)</i> <def>The future passive participle; as, <i>amandus</i>,
<i>i. e.</i>, to be loved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge*run"dive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of a gerund; as, or in place of, a gerund.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Gerful</u>.]
<def>Changeable; fickle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ges"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gosling.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gesse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
guess.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A guest.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>geste</i> exploit.
See <u>Jest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something done or achieved; a deed or an
action; an adventure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An action represented in sports, plays, or
on the stage; show; ceremony.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tale of achievements or adventures; a
stock story.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Gesture; bearing; deportment.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Through his heroic grace and honorable
<i>gest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gist</u> a resting
place.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stage in traveling; a stop for rest or
lodging in a journey or progress; a rest.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Kersey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A roll recting the several stages arranged
for a royal progress. Many of them are extant in the herald's
office.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hanmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ges"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gestans</i>,
<i>p. pr.</i> of <i>gestare</i>.] <def>Bearing within; laden;
burdened; pregnant.</def> [R.] "Clouds <i>gestant</i> with heat."
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ges*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gestatio</i>
a bearing, carrying, fr. <i>gestare</i> to bear, carry, intens. fr.
<i>gerere</i>, <i>gestum</i>, to bear: cf. F. <i>gestation</i>. See
<u>Gest</u> deed, <u>Jest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of wearing (clothes or
ornaments).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of carrying young in the womb from
conception to delivery; pregnancy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exercise in which one is borne or carried,
as on horseback, or in a carriage, without the exertion of his own
powers; passive exercise.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ges"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gestatorius</i> that serves for carrying: cf. F.
<i>gestatoire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to gestation or
pregnancy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being carried or worn.</def>
[Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Geste</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To tell stories
or gests.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ges"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Gest</u> a
deed, <u>Gesture</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to deeds or feats of arms;
legendary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the gay grandsire, skilled in <i>gestic</i>
lore.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to bodily motion; consisting of
gestures; -- said especially with reference to dancing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Carried away by the enthusiasm of the <i>gestic</i>
art.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ges*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gesticulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gesticulating</u>.] [L. <i>gesticulatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>gesticulari</i> to gesticulate, fr. <i>gesticulus</i> a mimic
gesture, gesticulation, dim. of <i>gestus</i> gesture, fr.
<i>gerere</i>, <i>gestum</i>, to bear, carry, peform. See
<u>Gestic</u>.] <def>To make gestures or motions, as in speaking; to
use postures.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ges*tic"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To represent
by gesture; to act.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ges*tic`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gesticulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>gesticulation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of gesticulating, or making gestures to express passion
or enforce sentiments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gesture; a motion of the body or limbs
in speaking, or in representing action or passion, and enforcing
arguments and sentiments.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Antic tricks or motions.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ges*tic"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who gesticulates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ges*tic"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Representing by, or belonging to, gestures.</def>  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ges"tour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gest</u> a
deed.] <def>A reciter of gests or legendary tales; a story-
teller.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Minstrels and <i>gestours</i> for to tell
tales.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ges"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
gesture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ges"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>gestura</i>
mode of action, fr. L. <i>gerere</i>, <i>gestum</i>, to bear, behave,
perform, act. See <u>Gest</u> a deed.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Manner
of carrying the body; position of the body or limbs; posture.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Accubation, or lying down at meals, was a
<i>gesture</i> used by many nations.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A motion of the body or limbs expressive
of sentiment or passion; any action or posture intended to express an
idea or a passion, or to enforce or emphasize an argument, assertion,
or opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Humble and reverent <i>gestures</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Grace was in all her steps, heaven in her eye,<BR>
In every <i>gesture</i> dignity and love.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ges"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gestured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gesturing</u>.] <def>To accompany or illustrate with gesture or
action; to gesticulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not orderly read, nor <i>gestured</i> as
beseemeth.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ges"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make gestures;
to gesticulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The players . . . <i>gestured</i> not undecently
withal.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ges"ture*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
gestures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ges"ture*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
making gestures; gesturing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Get</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Jet, the
mineral.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Get</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>get</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fashion; manner; custom.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Artifice; contrivance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Get</hw> (g&ebreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Got</u> (g&obreve;t) (Obs. <u>Gat</u>
(g&abreve;t)); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Got</u> (Obsolescent
<u>Gotten</u> (g&obreve;t"t'n)); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Getting</u>.] [OE. <i>geten</i>, AS. <i>gitan</i>, <i>gietan</i>
(in comp.); akin to Icel. <i>geta</i>, Goth. bi<i>gitan</i> to find,
L. pre<i>hendere</i> to seize, take, Gr. <grk>chanda`nein</grk> to
hold, contain.  Cf. <u>Comprehend</u>, <u>Enterprise</u>,
<u>Forget</u>, <u>Impregnable</u>, <u>Prehensile</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To procure; to obtain; to gain possession of;
to acquire; to earn; to obtain as a price or reward; to come by; to
win, by almost any means; as, to <i>get</i> favor by kindness; to
<i>get</i> wealth by industry and economy; to <i>get</i> land by
purchase, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, with <i>have</i> and <i>had</i>, to
come into or be in possession of; to have.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast <i>got</i> the face of man.</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To beget; to procreate; to
generate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had rather to adopt a child than <i>get</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To obtain mental possession of; to learn;
to commit to memory; to memorize; as to <i>get</i> a lesson; also
with <i>out</i>; as, to <i>get</i> out one's Greek lesson.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It being harder with him to <i>get</i> one sermon by
heart, than to pen twenty.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To prevail on; to induce; to
persuade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Get</i> him to say his prayers.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To procure to be, or to cause to be in any
state or condition; -- with a following participle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those things I bid you do; <i>get</i> them
dispatched.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To betake; to remove; -- in a reflexive
use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Get</i> thee out from this land.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xxxi. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . <i>got</i> himself . . . to the strong town
of Mega.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Get</i>, as a transitive verb, is combined with adverbs
implying motion, to express the causing to, or the effecting in, the
object of the verb, of the kind of motion indicated by the
preposition; thus, <i>to get in</i>, to cause to enter, to bring
under shelter; as, <i>to get in</i> the hay; <i>to get out</i>, to
make come forth, to extract; <i>to get off</i>, to take off, to
remove; <i>to get together</i>, to cause to come together, to
collect.</p>

<p><col><b>To get by heart</b></col>, <cd>to commit to memory.</cd> -
- <col><b>To get the better of</b></col>, <col><b>To get the best
of</b></col>, <cd>to obtain an advantage over; to surpass; to
subdue.</cd> -- <col><b>To get up</b></col>, <cd>to cause to be
established or to exit; to prepare; to arrange; to construct; to
invent; as, <i>to get up</i> a celebration, a machine, a book, an
agitation.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To obtain; gain; win; acquire. See
<u>Obtain</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Get</hw> (g&ebreve;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make acquisition; to gain; to profit; to
receive accessions; to be increased.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We mourn, France smiles; we lose, they daily
<i>get</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To arrive at, or bring one's self into, a
state, condition, or position; to come to be; to become; -- with a
following adjective or past participle belonging to the subject of
the verb; as, to <i>get</i> sober; to <i>get</i> awake; to <i>get</i>
beaten; to <i>get</i> elected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>get</i> rid of fools and
scoundrels.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His chariot wheels <i>get</i> hot by driving
fast.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p>&fist; It [<i>get</i>] gives to the English language a middle
voice, or a power of verbal expression which is neither active nor
passive. Thus we say to <i>get</i> acquitted, beaten, confused,
dressed.
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Get</i>, as an intransitive verb, is used with a
following preposition, or adverb of motion, to indicate, on the part
of the subject of the act, movement or action of the kind signified
by the preposition or adverb; or, in the general sense, to move, to
stir, to make one's way, to advance, to arrive, etc.; as, <i>to get
away</i>, to leave, to escape; to disengage one's self from; <i>to
get down</i>, to descend, esp. with effort, as from a literal or
figurative elevation; <i>to get along</i>, to make progress; hence,
to prosper, succeed, or fare; <i>to get in</i>, to enter; <i>to get
out</i>, to extricate one's self, to escape; <i>to get through</i>,
to traverse; also, to finish, to be done; <i>to get to</i>, to arrive
at, to reach; <i>to get off</i>, to alight, to descend from, to
dismount; also, to escape, to come off clear; <i>to get together</i>,
to assemble, to convene.</p>

<p><col><b>To get ahead</b></col>, <cd>to advance; to prosper.</cd> -
- <col><b>To get along</b></col>, <cd>to proceed; to advance; to
prosper.</cd> -- <col><b>To get a mile</b></col><cd> (or other
distance), to pass over it in traveling.</cd> -- <col><b>To get
among</b></col>, <cd>to go or come into the company of; to become one
of a number.</cd> -- <col><b>To get asleep</b></col>, <cd>to fall
asleep.</cd> -- <col><b>To get astray</b></col>, <cd>to wander out of
the right way.</cd> -- <col><b>To get at</b></col>, <cd>to reach; to
make way to.</cd> <col><b>To get away with</b></col>, <cd>to carry
off; to capture; hence, to get the better of; to defeat.</cd> --
<col><b>To get back</b></col>, <cd>to arrive at the place from which
one departed; to return.</cd> -- <col><b>To get before</b></col>,
<cd>to arrive in front, or more forward.</cd> -- <col><b>To get
behind</b></col>, <cd>to fall in the rear; to lag.</cd> -- <col><b>To
get between</b></col>, <cd>to arrive between.</cd> -- <col><b>To get
beyond</b></col>, <cd>to pass or go further than; to exceed; to
surpass.</cd> "Three score and ten is the age of man, a few <i>get
beyond</i> it." <i>Thackeray.</i> -- <col><b>To get clear</b></col>,
<cd>to disengage one's self; to be released, as from confinement,
obligation, or burden; also, to be freed from danger or
embarrassment.</cd> -- <col><b>To get drunk</b></col>, <cd>to become
intoxicated.</cd> -- <col><b>To get forward</b></col>, <cd>to
proceed; to advance; also, to prosper; to advance in wealth.</cd> --
<col><b>To get home</b></col>, <cd>to arrive at one's dwelling, goal,
or aim.</cd> -- <col><b>To get into</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To enter, as, "she prepared <i>to get into</i> the coach."</cd>
<i>Dickens.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To pass into, or reach; as,
" a language has <i>got into</i> the inflated state."</cd>
<i>Keary.</i> -- <col><b>To get</b></col> <col><b>loose or
free</b></col>, <cd>to disengage one's self; to be released from
confinement.</cd> -- <col><b>To get near</b></col>, <cd>to approach
within a small distance.</cd> -- <col><b>To get on</b></col>, <cd>to
proceed; to advance; to prosper.</cd> -- <col><b>To get
over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To pass over, surmount, or
overcome, as an obstacle or difficulty.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To recover from, as an injury, a calamity.</cd> -- <col><b>To get
through</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To pass through
something.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To finish what one was
doing.</cd> -- <col><b>To get up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To rise; to arise, as from a bed, chair, etc.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To ascend; to climb, as a hill, a tree, a
flight of stairs, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Get</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Offspring; progeny; as,
the <i>get</i> of a stallion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Get"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Get</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Geth</hw> (?), <def>the original <pos><i>third pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Go</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Get"-pen`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
which gets or gains money; a successful affair.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Get"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
obtained.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Get"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gets,
gains, obtains, acquires, begets, or procreates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Get"ter*up`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who contrives,
makes, or arranges for, anything, as a book, a machine, etc.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A diligent <i>getter-up</i> of miscellaneous
works.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Get"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of obtaining or acquiring; acquisition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With all thy <i>getting</i>, get
understanding.</blockquote> <i>Prov. iv. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is got or obtained; gain;
profit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Get"-up</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>General
composition or structure; manner in which the parts of a thing are
combined; make-up; style of dress, etc.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>H.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gew"gaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gigawe</i>,
<i>gugawe</i>, <i>gewgaude</i>, prob. the same word as OE.
<i>givegove</i> gewgaw, apparently a reduplicated form fr. AS.
<i>gifan</i> to give; cf. also F. <i>joujou</i> plaything, and E.
<i>gaud</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> See <u>Give</u>, and cf.
<u>Giffgaff</u>.] <def>A showy trifle; a toy; a splendid plaything; a
pretty but worthless bauble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A heavy <i>gewgaw</i> called a crown.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gew"gaw</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showy; unreal;
pretentious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seeing his <i>gewgaw</i> castle shine.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gey"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>geysir</i>,
fr. <i>geysa</i> to rush furiously, fr. <i>gj&omacr;sa</i> to gush.
Cf. <u>Gush</u>.] <def>A boiling spring which throws forth at
frequent intervals jets of water, mud, etc., driven up by the
expansive power of steam.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Geysers</i> were first known in Iceland, and later in
New Zealand. In the Yellowstone region in the United States they are
numerous, and some of them very powerful, throwing jets of boiling
water and steam to a height of 200 feet. They are grouped in several
areas called <i>geyser basins</i>. The mineral matter, or
<i>geyserite</i>, with which geyser water is charged, forms <i>geyser
cones</i> about the orifice, often of great size and beauty.</p>

<p><! p. 624 !></p>

<p><hw>Gey"ser*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Geyser</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A loose hydrated form of silica, a
variety of opal, deposited in concretionary cauliflowerlike masses,
around some hot springs and geysers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ghar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>g&amacr;&?;i</i>.] <def>Any wheeled cart or carriage.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><hw>Ghast</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gasten</i>.
See <u>Ghastly</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To strike aghast; to
affright.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ghasted</i> by the noise I made.<BR>
Full suddenly he fled.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ghast"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ghastly</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Fit to make one aghast; dismal.</def>
[Obs.] -- <wf>Ghast"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ghast"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being ghastly; a deathlike look.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ghast"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Ghastlier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Ghastliest</u>.] [OE. <i>gastlich</i>,
<i>gastli</i>, fearful, causing fear, fr. <i>gasten</i> to terrify,
AS. <i>g&aelig;stan</i>.  Cf. <u>Aghast</u>, <u>Gast</u>,
<u>Gaze</u>, <u>Ghostly</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like a ghost in
appearance; deathlike; pale; pallid; dismal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each turned his face with a <i>ghastly</i>
pang.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His face was so <i>ghastly</i> that it could scarcely
be recognized.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Horrible; shocking; dreadful;
hideous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mangled with <i>ghastly</i> wounds through plate and
mail.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ghast"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a ghastly
manner; hideously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Staring full <i>ghastly</i> like a strangled
man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ghast"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ghastliness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ghat</hw> <hw>Ghaut</hw> } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Hind. <i>gh&amacr;t</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pass through a mountain.</def> [India]
<i>J. D. Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A range of mountains.</def>  <i>Balfour
(Cyc. of Ind. ).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Stairs descending to a river; a landing
place; a wharf.</def> [India]  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gha*wa"zi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <def>Egyptian dancing girls, of a lower sort than the
almeh.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ghe"ber Ghe"bre</hw> } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pers.
<i>ghebr</i>: cf. F. <i>Gu&egrave;bre</i>.  Cf. <u>Giaour</u>.]
<def>A worshiper of fire; a Zoroastrian; a Parsee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ghee</hw> (g&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>gh&imacr;</i> clarified butter, Skr. <i>gh&rsdot;ta</i>.]
<def>Butter clarified by boiling, and thus converted into a kind of
oil.</def> [India]  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gher"kin</hw> (g&etilde;r"k&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[D. <i>agurkje</i>, a dim. akin to G. <i>gurke</i>, Dan.
<i>agurke</i>; cf. Pol. <i>og&oacute;rek</i>, Bohem. <i>okurka</i>,
LGr. <grk>'aggoy`rion</grk> watermelon, Ar. <i>al-khiy&amacr;r</i>,
Per. <i>khiy&amacr;r</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of small, prickly
cucumber, much used for pickles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Sea
gherkin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ghess</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Guess</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ghet"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>The
Jews'quarter in an Italian town or city.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I went to the <i>Ghetto</i>, where the Jews
dwell.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ghib"el*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>Ghibellino</i>; of German origin.] <i>(It. Hist.)</i> <def>One of
a faction in Italy, in the 12th and 13th centuries, which favored the
German emperors, and opposed the Guelfs, or adherents of the
poses.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ghole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ghoul</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ghost</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gast</i>,
<i>gost</i>, soul, spirit, AS. <i>g&amacr;st</i> breath, spirit,
soul; akin to OS. <i>g&?;st</i> spirit, soul, D. <i>geest</i>, G.
<i>geist</i>, and prob. to E. <i>gaze</i>, <i>ghastly</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The spirit; the soul of man.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then gives her grieved <i>ghost</i> thus to
lament.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The disembodied soul; the soul or spirit
of a deceased person; a spirit appearing after death; an apparition;
a specter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mighty <i>ghosts</i> of our great Harrys
rose.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I thought that I had died in sleep,<BR>
And was a blessed <i>ghost</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any faint shadowy semblance; an
unsubstantial image; a phantom; a glimmering; as, not a <i>ghost</i>
of a chance; the <i>ghost</i> of an idea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each separate dying ember wrought its <i>ghost</i>
upon the floor.</blockquote> <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A false image formed in a telescope by
reflection from the surfaces of one or more lenses.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ghost moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
European moth <i>(Hepialus humuli)</i>; so called from the white
color of the male, and the peculiar hovering flight; -- called also
<i>great swift</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy Ghost</b></col>, <cd>the
Holy Spirit; the Paraclete; the Comforter; <i>(Theol.)</i> the third
person in the Trinity.</cd> -- <col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>give up
or yield up</b></col> <col><b>the ghost</b></col>, <cd>to die; to
expire.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And he <i>gave up the ghost</i> full
softly.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jacob . . . <i>yielded up the ghost</i>, and was
gathered unto his people</blockquote>. <i>Gen. xlix. 33.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ghost</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To die; to
expire.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ghost</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To appear to or haunt
in the form of an apparition.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ghost"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A pale unspotted variety of the wrymouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ghost"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without life or
spirit.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ghost"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a ghost;
ghastly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ghost"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being ghostly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ghost"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gastlich</i>,
<i>gostlich</i>, AS. <i>g&amacr;stlic</i>. See <u>Ghost</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the soul; not carnal or secular;
spiritual; as, a <i>ghostly</i> confessor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Save and defend us from our <i>ghostly</i>
enemies.</blockquote> <i>Book of Common Prayer [Ch. of Eng. ]</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One of the <i>gostly</i> children of St.
Jerome.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to apparitions.</def>
<i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ghost"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Spiritually;
mystically.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ghost*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ghost
lore.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It seemed even more unaccountable than if it had been
a thing of <i>ghostology</i> and witchcraft.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ghoul</hw> (g&oomac;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>gh&omacr;l</i> an imaginary sylvan demon, supposed to devour men
and animals: cf. Ar. <i>gh&umacr;l</i>, F. <i>goule</i>.] <def>An
imaginary evil being among Eastern nations, which was supposed to
feed upon human bodies.</def> [Written also <i>ghole</i> .]
<i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ghoul"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characteristic of a
ghoul; vampirelike; hyenalike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ghyll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ravine. See
<u>Gill</u> a woody glen.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gial`lo*li"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., from
<i>giallo</i> yellow, prob. fr. OHG. <i>gelo</i>, G. <i>gelb</i>;
akin to E. <i>yellow</i>.] <def>A term variously employed by early
writers on art, though commonly designating the yellow oxide of lead,
or massicot.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Giam"beux</hw> (zh&adot;m"b&usdot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[See <u>Jambeux</u>.] <def>Greaves; armor for the legs.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gi"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>giant</i>,
<i>geant</i>, <i>geaunt</i>, OF. <i>jaiant</i>, <i>geant</i>, F.
<i>g&eacute;ant</i>, L. <i>gigas</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, from the root
of E. <i>gender</i>, <i>genesis</i>. See <u>Gender</u>, and cf.
<u>Gigantic</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man of extraordinari bulk and
stature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Giants</i> of mighty bone and bold
emprise.</blockquote>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person of extraordinary strength or
powers, bodily or intellectual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any animal, plant, or thing, of
extraordinary size or power.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Giant's Causeway</b></col>, <cd>a vast collection of
basaltic pillars, in the county of Antrim on the northern coast of
Ireland.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gi"ant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a giant;
extraordinary in size, strength, or power; as, <i>giant</i> brothers;
a <i>giant</i> son.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Giant cell</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Myeloplax</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Giant clam</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bivalve shell of the genus
<i>Tridacna</i>, esp. <i>T. gigas</i>, which sometimes weighs 500
pounds. The shells are sometimes used in churches to contain holy
water.</cd> -- <col><b>Giant heron</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a very large African heron (<i>Ardeomega goliath</i>). It is the
largest heron known.</cd> -- <col><b>Giant kettle</b></col>, <cd>a
pothole of very large dimensions, as found in Norway in connection
with glaciers. See <u>Pothole</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Giant
powder</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Nitroglycerin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Giant
puffball</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a fungus (<i>Lycoperdon
giganteum</i>), edible when young, and when dried used for stanching
wounds.</cd> -- <col><b>Giant salamander</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very large aquatic salamander
(<i>Megalobatrachus maximus</i>), found in Japan. It is the largest
of living Amphibia, becoming a yard long.</cd> -- <col><b>Giant
squid</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several species of
very large squids, belonging to <i>Architeuthis</i> and allied
genera. Some are over forty feet long.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gi"ant*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman of
extraordinary size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gi"ant*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>g&eacute;antiser</i>.] <def>To play the giant.</def> [R.]
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gi"ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Appropriate to a
giant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Usher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gi"ant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The race of
giants.</def> [R.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gi"ant*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state,
personality, or character, of a giant; -- a compellation for a
giant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>giantship</i> is gone somewhat
crestfallen</blockquote>. <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Giaour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. <i>giaur</i> an
infidel, Per. <i>gawr</i>, another form of <i>ghebr</i> fire
worshiper.  Cf. <u>Kaffir</u>, <u>Gheber</u> .] <def>An infidel; -- a
term applied by Turks to disbelievers in the Mohammedan religion,
especially Christrians.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviated fr.
<i>Gilbert</i>, the name of the cat in the old story of "Reynard the
Fox". in the "Romaunt of the Rose", etc.] <def>A male cat; a
tomcat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gib</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act like a
cat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A
piece or slip of metal or wood, notched or otherwise, in a machine or
structure, to hold other parts in place or bind them together, or to
afford a bearing surface; -- usually held or adjusted by means of a
wedge, key, or screw.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gib and key</b></col>, or <col><b>Gib and cotter</b></col>
<i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>the fixed wedge or <i>gib</i>, and the
driving wedge,<i>key</i>, or <i>cotter</i>, used for tightening the
strap which holds the brasses at the end of a connecting
rod.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gib</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gibbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gibbing</u>.] <def>To secure or fasten with a gib, or gibs; to
provide with a gib, or gibs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gibbed lathe</b></col>, <cd>an engine lathe in which the
tool carriage is held down to the bed by a gib instead of by a
weight.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gib</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To balk. See
<u>Jib</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def>  <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gib*bar"tas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ar.
<i>jebb&amacr;r</i> giant; or L. <i>gibber</i> humpbacked: cf. F.
<i>gibbar</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several finback
whales of the North Atlantic; -- called also <i>Jupiter
whale</i>.</def> [Written also <i>jubartas</i>, <i>gubertas</i>,
<i>dubertus</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gib"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Gib</u> to
balk.] <def>A balky horse.</def>  <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gib"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gibbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gibbering</u>.] [Akin to <i>jabber</i>, and <i>gabble</i>.]
<def>To speak rapidly and inarticulately.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gib"ber*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Gibber</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Rapid and inarticulate
talk; unintelligible language; unmeaning words; jargon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He, like a gypsy, oftentimes would go;<BR>
All kinds of <i>gibberish</i> he had learnt to know.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>gibberish</i> as children may be heard amusing
themselves with.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gib"ber*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unmeaning; as,
<i>gibberish</i> language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gib"bet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gibet</i>, F.
<i>gibet</i>, in OF. also club, fr. LL. <i>gibetum</i>;; cf. OF.
<i>gibe</i> sort of sickle or hook, It. <i>giubbetto</i> gibbet, and
<i>giubbetta</i>, dim. of <i>giubba</i> mane, also, an under
waistcoat, doublet, Prov. It. <i>gibba</i> (cf. <u>Jupon</u>); so
that it perhaps originally signified a halter, a rope round the neck
of malefactors; or it is, perhaps, derived fr. L. <i>gibbus</i>
hunched, humped, E. <i>gibbous</i>; or cf. E. <i>jib</i> a sail.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of gallows; an upright post with an
arm projecting from the top, on which, formerly, malefactors were
hanged in chains, and their bodies allowed to remain as a
warning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The projecting arm of a crane, from which
the load is suspended; the jib.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gib"bet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gibbeted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gibbeting</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hang and expose on a gibbet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expose to infamy; to blacken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>gibbet</i> up his name.</blockquote>
<i>Oldham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gib"bier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gibier</i>.]
<def>Wild fowl; game.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gib"bon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>gibbon</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any arboreal ape of the genus
<i>Hylobates</i>, of which many species and varieties inhabit the
East Indies and Southern Asia. They are tailless and without cheek
pouches, and have very long arms, adapted for climbing.</def></p>

<p>
&fist; The white-handed gibbon (<i>Hylobates lar</i>), the crowned
(<i>H. pilatus</i>), the wou-wou or singing gibbon (<i>H.
agilis</i>), the siamang, and the hoolock. are the most common
species.</p>

<p><hw>Gib" boom`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Jib boom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gib*bose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gibbosus</i>,
fr. <i>gibbus</i>, <i>gibba</i>, hunch, hump.  Cf. <u>Gibbous</u>.]
<def>Humped; protuberant; -- said of a surface which presents one or
more large elevations.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gib*bost"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gibbosit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state of being gibbous or gibbose;
gibbousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gib"bous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gibbeux</i>. See <u>Gibbose</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Swelling by a regular curve or surface;
protuberant; convex; as, the moon is <i>gibbous</i> between the half-
moon and the full moon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bones will rise, and make a <i>gibbous</i>
member.</blockquote> <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hunched; hump-backed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Gib"bous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Gib"bous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gibbs"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after George
<i>Gibbs</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrate of alumina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gib"-cat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A male cat, esp.
an old one. See lst <u>Gib</u>. <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gibe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gibed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gibing</u>.] [Cf. Prov. F. <i>giber</i>, equiv. to F. <i>jouer</i>
to play, Icel. <i>geipa</i> to talk nonsense, E. <i>jabber</i>.]
<def>To cast reproaches and sneering expressions; to rail; to utter
taunting, sarcastic words; to flout; to fleer; to scoff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fleer and <i>gibe</i>, and laugh and
flout.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gibe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To reproach with
contemptuous words; to deride; to scoff at; to mock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Draw the beasts as I describe them,<BR>
 From their features, while I <i>gibe</i> them.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gibe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An expression of
sarcastic scorn; a sarcastic jest; a scoff; a taunt; a
sneer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mark the fleers, the <i>gibes</i>, and notable
scorns.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With solemn <i>gibe</i> did Eustace banter
me.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gib"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>gibel</i>,
<i>giebel</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of carp (<i>Cyprinus
gibelio</i>); -- called also <i>Prussian carp</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gib"er</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who utters
gibes.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gib"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The male of the
salmon.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gib"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a gibing
manner; scornfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gib"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of giblets;
as, a <i>giblet</i> pie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gib"lets</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>gibelet</i>, OF. <i>gibelet</i> game: cf. F. <i>gibelotte</i>
stewed rabbit.  Cf. <u>Gibbier</u>.] <def>The inmeats, or edible
viscera (heart, gizzard, liver, etc.), of poultry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gib"staff`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>gib</i>
a hooked stick + E. <i>staff</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A staff to
guage water, or to push a boat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A staff formerly used in fighting beasts
on the stage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Giddy</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A disease of sheep, characterized by
vertigo; the staggers. It is caused by the presence of the C&?;nurus,
a larval tapeworm, in the brain. See <u>C&?;nurus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gid"di*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a giddy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gid"di*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being giddy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gid"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Giddier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Giddiest</u>.] [OE. <i>gidi</i> mad,
silly, AS. <i>gidig</i>, of unknown origin, cf. Norw. <i>gidda</i> to
shake, tremble.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having in the head a sensation of whirling
or reeling about; having lost the power of preserving the balance of
the body, and therefore wavering and inclined to fall; lightheaded;
dizzy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>giddy</i> head and staggering legs
betrayed.</blockquote> <i>Tate.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Promoting or inducing giddiness; as, a
<i>giddy</i> height; a <i>giddy</i> precipice.</def>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the <i>giddy</i> footing of the
hatches.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bewildering on account of rapid turning;
running round with celerity; gyratory; whirling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>giddy</i> motion of the whirling
mill.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by inconstancy; unstable;
changeable; fickle; wild; thoughtless; heedless.</def> "<i>Giddy</i>,
foolish hours." <i>Rowe.</i> "<i>Giddy</i> chance."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Young heads are <i>giddy</i> and young hearts are
warm.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gid"dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To reel; to
whirl.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gid"dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make dizzy or
unsteady.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gid"dy-head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
without thought fulness, prudence, or judgment.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gid"dy-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Thoughtless; unsteady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gid"dy-paced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moving
irregularly; flighty; fickle.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gie</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To guide. See
<u>Gye</u> .</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gie</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gier"-ea`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>gier</i> vulture, G. <i>gier</i>, and E. <i>gyrfalcon</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird referred to in the Bible (<i>Lev. xi.
18</i>and <i>Deut. xiv. 17</i>) as unclean, probably the Egyptian
vulture (<i>Neophron percnopterus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Gier"-fal`con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gier-
eagle</u>, <u>Gyrfalcon</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
gyrfalcon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gie"seck*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Karl
<i>Giesecke</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occurring in greenish
gray six-sided prisms, having a greasy luster. It is probably a
pseudomorph after el&aelig;olite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gif</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [AS. See <u>If</u>.]
<def>If.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Gif</i> is the old form of <i>if</i>, and frequently
occurs in the earlier English writers. See <u>If</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 625 !></p>

<p><hw>Gif"fard in*ject"or</hw> (?). <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Injector</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Giff"gaff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Reduplicated fr.
<i>give</i>.] <def>Mutual accommodation; mutual giving.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Gif"fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Jiffy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gift</i>,
<i>yift</i>, <i>yeft</i>, AS. <i>gift</i>, fr. <i>gifan</i> to give;
akin to D. &amp; G. <i>gift</i>, Icel. <i>gift</i>, <i>gipt</i>, Goth.
<i>gifts</i> (in comp.). See <u>Give</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything given; anything voluntarily
transferred by one person to another without compensation; a present;
an offering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall I receive by <i>gift</i>, what of my own, . .
.<BR>
I can command ?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act, right, or power of giving or
bestowing; as, the office is in the <i>gift</i> of the
President.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bribe; anything given to
corrupt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither take a <i>gift</i>, for a <i>gift</i> doth
blind the eyes of the wise.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xvi. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Some quality or endowment given to man by
God; a pre&euml;minent and special talent or aptitude; power;
faculty; as, the <i>gift</i> of wit; a <i>gift</i> for
speaking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A voluntary transfer of real
or personal property, without any consideration. It can be perfected
only by deed, or in case of personal property, by an actual delivery
of possession.</def>  <i>Bouvier. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gift rope</b></col> <i>(Naut)</i>, <cd>a rope extended to
a boat for towing it; a guest rope.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Present; donation; grant; largess; benefaction;
boon; bounty; gratuity; endowment; talent; faculty.  -- <u>Gift</u>,
<u>Present</u>, <u>Donation</u>. These words, as here compared,
denote something gratuitously imparted to another out of one's
property. A <i>gift</i> is something given whether by a superior or
an inferior, and is usually designed for the relief or benefit of him
who receives it. A <i>present</i> is ordinarly from an equal or
inferior, and is always intended as a compliment or expression of
kindness. <i>Donation</i> is a word of more dignity, denoting,
properly, a gift of considerable value, and ordinarly a gift made
either to some public institution, or to an individual on account of
his services to the public; as, a <i>donation</i> to a hospital, a
charitable society, or a minister.</p>

<p><hw>Gift</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gifted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gifting</u>.] <def>To endow with some power or faculty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>gifted</i> . . . with philosophical
sagacity.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gift"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being gifted.</def>  <i>Echard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gig</hw> (j&ibreve;g <i>or</i> g&ibreve;g),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>gigue</i>. See <u>Jig</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A fiddle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gig</hw> (g&ibreve;g), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. L.
<i>gignere</i> to beget.] <def>To engender.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of spear or
harpoon. See <u>Fishgig</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fish with a
gig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gigge</i>.  Cf.
<u>Giglot</u>.] <def>A playful or wanton girl; a giglot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>g&imacr;gja</i>
fiddle, MHG. <i>g&imacr;ge</i>, G. <i>geige</i>, Icel. <i>geiga</i>
to take a wrong direction, rove at random, and E. <i>jig</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A top or whirligig; any little thing that is
whirled round in play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou disputest like an infant; go, whip thy
<i>gig</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A light carriage, with one pair of wheels,
drawn by one horse; a kind of chaise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A long, light rowboat,
generally clinkerbuilt, and designed to be fast; a boat appropriated
to the use of the commanding officer; as, the captain's
<i>gig</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A rotatory cylinder,
covered with wire teeth or teasels, for teaseling woolen
cloth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gig machine</b></col>, <col><b>Gigging machine</b></col>,
<col><b>Gig mill</b></col>, or <col><b>Napping machine</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Gig</u>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Gig saw</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Jig saw</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gi`gan*te"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>giganteus</i>, fr. <i>gigas</i>, <i>antis</i>. See <u>Giant</u>.]
<def>Like a giant; mighty; gigantic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gi`gan*tesque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Befitting a giant; bombastic; magniloquent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sort of mock-heroic <i>gigantesque</i><BR>
With which we bantered little Lilia first.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gi*gan"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gigas</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, giant. See <u>Giant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
extraordinary size; like a giant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Such as a giant might use, make, or cause;
immense; tremendous; extraordinarly; as, <i>gigantic</i> deeds;
<i>gigantic</i> wickedness.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When descends on the Atlantic<BR>
The <i>gigantic</i><BR>
Strom wind of the equinox.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gi*gan"tic*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bulky,
big.</def> [Obs.] <i>Burton.</i> -- <wf>Gi*gan"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gi*gan"ti*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [. <i>gigas</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, giant + <i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>The act of
killing, or one who kills, a giant.</def>  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gi*gan"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Gigantic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bullokar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gi`gan*tol"og*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
giant + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>gigantologie</i>.] <def>An account or
description of giants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gi`gan*tom"a*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gigantomachia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, giant + &?; battle: cf.
F. <i>gigantomachie</i>.] <def>A war of giants; especially, the
fabulous war of the giants against heaven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gige</hw> (g&ibreve;j <i>or</i> g&emacr;j), <hw>Guige</hw>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>guide</i>, <i>guiche</i>.] <i>(Anc.
Armor)</i> <def>The leather strap by which the shield of a knight was
slung across the shoulder, or across the neck and shoulder.</def>
<i>Meyrick (Ancient Armor).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gi*ge"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gigeria</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>gigeria</i>, pl., the
cooked entrails of poultry.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The muscular
stomach, or gizzard, of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gig"get</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Gigot</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cut the slaves to <i>giggets</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Giggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Giggling</u> (?).] [Akin to <i>gaggle</i>: cf. OD.
<i>ghichelen</i>, G. <i>kichern</i>.] <def>To laugh with short
catches of the breath or voice; to laugh in a light, affected, or
silly manner; to titter with childish levity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Giggling</i> and laughing with all their might<BR>
At the piteous hap of the fairy wight.</blockquote> <i>J. R.
Drake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of laugh,
with short catches of the voice or breath; a light, silly
laugh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gig"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who giggles
or titters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gig"gly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prone to
giggling.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gig"got</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gigot</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gig"gyng</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gige</u>.]
<def>The act of fastending the gige or leather strap to the
shield.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Gigging</i> of shields."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gig"lot</hw> (?), <hw>Gig"let</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>gikkr</i> a pert, rude person,
Dan. <i>giek</i> a fool, silly man, AS. <i>gagol</i>,
<i>g&aelig;gl</i>, lascivious, wanton, MHG. <i>gogel</i> wanton,
<i>giege</i> fool, and E. <i>gig</i> a wanton person.] <def>A wanton;
a lascivious or light, giddy girl.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>giglet</i> is willful, and is running upon her
fate.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gig"lot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giddi; light;
inconstant; wanton.</def> [Obs.] "O <i>giglot</i> fortune!"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gig"ot</hw>, <hw>Gig"got</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. OF. <i>gigue</i> fiddle; -- on account of the resemblance in
shape. See <u>Jig</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leg of mutton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of flesh; a slice.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The rest in <i>giggots</i> cut, they
spit.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gi"la mon"ster</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large
tuberculated lizard (<i>Heloderma suspectum</i>) native of the dry
plains of Arizona, New Mexico, etc. It is the only lizard known to
have venomous teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gild</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gilded</u> or <u>Gilt</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gilding</u>.] [AS. <i>gyldan</i>, from <i>gold</i>
gold. &radic;234. See <u>Gold</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
overlay with a thin covering of gold; to cover with a golden color;
to cause to look like gold.</def> "<i>Gilded</i> chariots."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No more the rising sun shall <i>gild</i> the
morn.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make attractive; to adorn; to
brighten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let oft good humor, mild and gay,<BR>
<i>Gild</i> the calm evening of your day.</blockquote>
<i>Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give a fair but deceptive outward
appearance to; to embellish; as, to <i>gild</i> a lie.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make red with drinking.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This grand liquior that hath <i>gilded</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gild"ale`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gilgan</i> to
pay + E. <i>ale</i>. See <u>Yield</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and
<u>Ale</u>.] <def>A drinking bout in which every one pays an equal
share.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gild"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gilded.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gild"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gilds; one
whose occupation is to overlay with gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gil"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Dutch coin. See
<u>Guilder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gild"ing</hw> (g&ibreve;ld"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or practice of overlaying or covering
with gold leaf; also, a thin coating or wash of gold, or of that
which resembles gold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gold in leaf, powder, or liquid, for
application to any surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any superficial coating or appearance, as
opposed to what is solid and genuine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gilding metal</b></col>, <cd>a tough kind of sheet brass
from which cartridge shells are made.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Guile</u>.]
<def>Guile.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. <i>gi&aelig;lle</i>,
<i>gelle</i>; akin to Sw. <i>g&auml;l</i>, Icel. <i>gj&ouml;lnar</i>
gills; cf. AS. <i>geagl</i>, <i>geahl</i>, jaw.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An organ for aquatic respiration; a
branchia.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fishes perform respiration under water by the
<i>gills</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Gills</i> are usually lamellar or filamentous
appendages, through which the blood circulates, and in which it is
exposed to the action of the air contained in the water. In
vertebrates they are appendages of the visceral arches on either side
of the neck. In invertebrates they occupy various situations.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The radiating,
gill-shaped plates forming the under surface of a mushroom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fleshy flap that
hangs below the beak of a fowl; a wattle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The flesh under or about the chin.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Spinning)</i> <def>One of the combs of
closely ranged steel pins which divide the ribbons of flax fiber or
wool into fewer parallel filaments.</def> [Prob. so called from F.
<i>aiguilles</i>, needles. <i>Ure.</i>]</p>

<p><col><b>Gill arches</b></col>, <col><b>Gill bars</b></col>.
<i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Branchial arches</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Gill clefts</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Branchial clefts</i>. See under <u>Branchial</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Gill cover</b></col>, <col><b>Gill lid</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Operculum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gill frame</b></col>, or
<col><b>Gill head</b></col> <i>(Flax Manuf.)</i>, <cd>a spreader; a
machine for subjecting flax to the action of gills.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Gill net</b></col>, <cd>a flat net so
suspended in the water that its meshes allow the heads of fish to
pass, but catch in the gills when they seek to extricate
themselves.</cd> -- <col><b>Gill opening</b></col>, or <col><b>Gill
slit</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>an opening behind and below the
head of most fishes, and some amphibians, by which the water from the
gills is discharged. In most fishes there is a single opening on each
side, but in the sharks and rays there are five, or more, on each
side.</cd> -- <col><b>Gill rakes</b></col>, or <col><b>Gill
rakers</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>horny filaments, or progresses,
on the inside of the branchial arches of fishes, which help to
prevent solid substances from being carried into gill
cavities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A
two-wheeled frame for transporting timber.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A leech.</def> [Also
<i>gell</i>.] [Scot.]  <i>Jameison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>gil</i>.] <def>A
woody glen; a narrow valley containing a stream.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Gill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gille</i>,
<i>gelle</i>, a sort of measure for wine, LL. <i>gillo</i>,
<i>gello</i>., Cf. <u>Gallon</u>.] <def>A measure of capacity,
containing one fourth of a pint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from
<i>Gillian</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A young woman; a sweetheart;
a flirting or wanton girl.</def> "Each Jack with his <i>Gill</i>."
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The ground ivy (<i>Nepeta
Glechoma</i>); -- called also <i>gill over the ground</i>, and other
like names.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Malt liquor medicated with ground
ivy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gill ale</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Ale flavored
with ground ivy.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Alehoof.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gill"-flirt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
thoughtless, giddy girl; a flirt-gill.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gill"house`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shop where gill
is sold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thee shall each alehouse, thee each <i>gillhouse</i>
mourn.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gil"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>Gillian</i>,
a woman's name, for <i>Julian</i>, <i>Juliana</i>.  Cf. <u>Gill</u> a
girl.] <def>A girl; esp., a wanton; a gill.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gil"lie Gil"ly</hw> } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>gille</i>, <i>giolla</i>, boy, lad.] <def>A boy or young man; a
manservant; a male attendant, in the Scottish Highlands.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gil"ly*flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>gilofre</i>, <i>gilofer</i>, clove, OF. <i>girofre</i>,
<i>girofle</i>, F. <i>girofle</i>: cf. F. <i>girofl&eacute;e</i>
gillyflower, fr. <i>girofle</i>, Gr. &?; clove tree; &?; nut + &?;
leaf, akin to E. <i>foliage</i>.  Cf. <u>Caryophyllus</u>, <u>July-
flower</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A name given by
old writers to the clove pink (<i>Dianthus Caryophyllus</i>) but now
to the common stock (<i>Matthiola incana</i>), a cruciferous plant
with showy and fragrant blossoms, usually purplish, but often pink or
white.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of apple, of a roundish conical
shape, purplish red color, and having a large core.</def></p>

<p>[Written also <i>gilliflower</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Clove gillyflower</b></col>, <cd>the clove pink.</cd> --
<col><b>Marsh gillyflower</b></col>, <cd>the ragged robin (<i>Lychnis
Flos-cuculi</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Queen's, or Winter</b></col>,
<col><b>gillyflower</b></col>, <cd>damewort.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea
gillyflower</b></col>, <cd>the thrift (<i>Armeria vulgaris</i>).</cd>
-- <col><b>Wall gillyflower</b></col>, <cd>the wallflower
(<i>Cheiranthus Cheiri</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Water
gillyflower</b></col>, <cd>the water violet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gil"our</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.] <def>A guiler;
deceiver.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gilse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>gleisiad</i>, fr.
<i>glas</i> blue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Grilse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gilt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Geld</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A female pig, when
young.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gilt</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Gild</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gilt</hw>, <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Gilded; covered
with gold; of the color of gold; golden yellow.</def> "<i>Gilt</i>
hair"  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gilt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Gold,
or that which resembles gold, laid on the surface of a thing;
gilding.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Money.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>gilt</i> of
France."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gilt"-edge`</hw> (?), <hw>Gilt"-edged`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a gilt edge; as,
<i>gilt-edged</i> paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the best quality; -- said of negotiable
paper, etc.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Gilt"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A marine fish.</def> The name is applied to two species:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The <i>Pagrus, or Chrysophrys, auratus</i>,
a valuable food fish common in the Mediterranean (so named from its
golden-colored head); -- called also <i>giltpoll</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The <i>Crenilabrus melops</i>, of the
British coasts; -- called also <i>golden maid</i>, <i>conner</i>,
<i>sea partridge</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gilt"if</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>gilti</i>, by
confusion with <i>-if</i>, <i>-ive</i>, in French forms. See
<u>Guilty</u>.] <def>Guilty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gilt"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yellow-tailed
worm or larva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gim</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gimp</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Neat; spruce.</def> [Prov.]</p>

<p><hw>Gim"bal</hw> (?), or <hw>Gim"bals</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gimmal</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
contrivance for permitting a body to incline freely in all
directions, or for suspending anything, as a barometer, ship's
compass, chronometer, etc., so that it will remain plumb, or level,
when its support is tipped, as by the rolling of a ship. It consists
of a ring in which the body can turn on an axis through a diameter of
the ring, while the ring itself is so pivoted to its support that it
can turn about a diameter at right angles to the first.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gimbal joint</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a universal
joint embodying the principle of the gimbal.</cd> -- <col><b>Gimbal
ring</b></col>, <cd>a single gimbal, as that by which the cockeye of
the upper millstone is supported on the spindle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gim"blet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gimlet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gim"crack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., a spruce and
pert pretender, also, a spruce girl, prob. fr. <i>gim + crack</i>
lad, boaster.] <def>A trivial mechanism; a device; a toy; a pretty
thing.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gim"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also written and
pronounced <i>gimbled</i> (&?;)] [OF. <i>guimbelet</i>,
<i>guibelet</i>, F. <i>gibelet</i>, prob. fr. OD. <i>wimpel</i>,
<i>weme</i>, a bore, <i>wemelen</i> to bore, to wimble. See
<u>Wimble</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A small tool for boring
holes. It has a leading screw, a grooved body, and a cross
handle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gimlet eye</b></col>, <cd>a squint-eye.</cd> [Colloq.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gim"let</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gimleted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gimleting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pierce or make with a
gimlet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To turn round (an anchor)
by the stock, with a motion like turning a gimlet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gim"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. the same word as
<i>gemel</i>. See <u>Gemel</u>, and cf. <u>Gimbal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Joined work whose parts move within each
other; a pair or series of interlocked rings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quaint piece of machinery; a
gimmer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gim"mal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made or consisting of
interlocked rings or links; as, <i>gimmal</i> mail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In their pale dull mouths the <i>gimmal</i> bit<BR>
Lies foul with chewed grass.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gimmal joint</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Gimbal joint</i>, under
<u>Gimbal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gim"mer</hw>, <hw>Gim"mor</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. <u>Gimmal</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A piece of mechanism;
mechanical device or contrivance; a gimcrack.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 626 !></p>

<p><hw>Gimp</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [W. <i>gwymp</i> fair,
neat, comely.] <def>Smart; spruce; trim; nice.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gimp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>guimpe</i>,
<i>guimple</i>, a nun's wimple, F. <i>guimpe</i>, OHG. <i>wimpal</i>
a veil G. <i>wimpel</i> pennon, pendant. See <u>Wimple</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A narrow ornamental fabric of silk,
woolen, or cotton, often with a metallic wire, or sometimes a coarse
cord, running through it; -- used as trimming for dresses, furniture,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gimp nail, an upholsterer's small
nail.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Gimp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To notch; to indent;
to jag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ge</i>&aacute;<pos><i>n.</i></pos> See <u>Again</u>.]
<def>Against; near by; towards; as, <i>gin</i> night.</def> [Scot.]
<i>A. Ross (1778).</i></p>

<p><hw>Gin</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [See <u>Gin</u>,
<i>prep</i>.] <def>If.</def> [Scotch]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gan</u> (?), <u>Gon</u> (&?;), or <u>Gun</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Ginning</u>.] [OE.
<i>ginnen</i>, AS. <i>ginnan</i> (in comp.), prob. orig., to open,
cut open, cf. OHG. in<i>ginnan</i> to begin, open, cut open, and
prob. akin to AS. <i>g&imacr;nan</i> to yawn, and E. <i>yawn</i>. &?;
See <u>Yawn</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Begin</u>.]
<def>To begin; -- often followed by an infinitive without <i>to</i>;
as, <i>gan</i> tell. See <u>Gan</u>.</def> [Obs. or Archaic] "He
<i>gan</i> to pray."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from <i>Geneva</i>.
See 2d <u>Geneva</u>.] <def>A strong alcoholic liquor, distilled from
rye and barley, and flavored with juniper berries; -- also called
<i>Hollands</i> and <i>Holland gin</i>, because originally, and still
very extensively, manufactured in Holland. Common gin is usually
flavored with turpentine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A contraction of
<i>engine</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contrivance; artifice; a trap; a
snare.</def>  <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A machine for raising
or moving heavy weights, consisting of a tripod formed of poles
united at the top, with a windlass, pulleys, ropes, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A hoisting drum, usually
vertical; a whim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A machine for separating the seeds from
cotton; a cotton gin.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also given to an instrument of torture worked
with screws, and to a pump moved by rotary sails.</p>

<p><col><b>Gin block</b></col>, <cd>a simple form of tackle block,
having one wheel, over which a rope runs; -- called also <i>whip
gin</i>, <i>rubbish pulley</i>, and <i>monkey wheel</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Gin power</b></col>, <cd>a form of horse power for driving a
cotton gin.</cd> -- <col><b>Gin race</b></col>, or <col><b>Gin
ring</b></col>, <cd>the path of the horse when putting a gin in
motion.</cd> <i>Halliwell.</i> -- <col><b>Gin saw</b></col>, <cd>a
saw used in a cotton gin for drawing the fibers through the grid,
leaving the seed in the hopper.</cd> -- <col><b>Gin wheel</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In a cotton gin, a wheel for drawing the
fiber through the grid; a brush wheel to clean away the lint.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <cd>the drum of a whim.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ginned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ginning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To catch in a trap.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clear of seeds by a machine; as, to
<i>gin</i> cotton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Gang</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is a knot, a <i>ging</i>, a pack, a conspiracy
against me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gin*gal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jingal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gin"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ginger</i>,
<i>gingever</i>, <i>gingivere</i>, OF. <i>gengibre</i>,
<i>gingimbre</i>, F. <i>gingembre</i>, L. <i>zingiber</i>,
<i>zingiberi</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; of Oriental origin; cf. Ar. &amp; Pers.
<i>zenjeb&imacr;l</i>, fr. Skr. <i>&?;&?;&?;gav&euml;ra</i>, prop.,
hornshaped; <i>&?;&?;&?;ga</i> horn + <i>v&euml;ra</i> body.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Zingiber</i>, of the East and West Indies. The species most known
is <i>Z. officinale</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The hot and spicy rootstock of <i>Zingiber
officinale</i>, which is much used in cookery and in
medicine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ginger</b></col> <col><b>beer or ale</b></col>, <cd>a mild
beer impregnated with ginger.</cd> -- <col><b>Ginger
cordial</b></col>, <cd>a liquor made from ginger, raisins, lemon
rind, and water, and sometimes whisky or brandy.</cd> --
<col><b>Ginger pop</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Ginger beer</i>
(above).</cd> -- <col><b>Ginger wine</b></col>, <cd>wine impregnated
with ginger.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild ginger</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an American herb (<i>Asarum Canadense</i>) with two reniform
leaves and a long, cordlike rootstock which has a strong taste of
ginger.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gin"ger*bread`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
plain sweet cake seasoned with ginger, and sometimes made in fanciful
shapes.</def> "<i>Gingerbread</i> that was full fine."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gingerbread tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the doom
palm; -- so called from the resemblance of its fruit to gingerbread.
See <u>Doom Palm</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gingerbread work</b></col>,
<cd>ornamentation, in architecture or decoration, of a fantastic,
trivial, or tawdry character.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gin"ger*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>ginger</i> brittle, tender; cf. dial. Sw. <i>gingla</i>,
<i>g&auml;ngla</i>, to go gently, totter, akin to E. <i>gang</i>.]
<def>Cautiously; timidly; fastidiously; daintily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What is't that you took up so <i>gingerly</i>
?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gin"ger*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cautiousness;
tenderness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ging"ham</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>guingan</i>;
cf. Jav. <i>ginggang</i>; <i>or perh</i>. <i>fr</i>. <i>Guingamp</i>,
in France.] <def>A kind of cotton or linen cloth, usually in stripes
or checks, the yarn of which is dyed before it is woven; --
distinguished from printed cotton or prints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ging"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>The lining of a mine shaft with stones or bricks to prevent
caving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gin"gi*val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gingiva</i>
the gum.] <def>Of or pertaining to the gums.</def>
<i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Jingle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gin"gly*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Ginglymoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gin`gly*mo"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; cf. Gr.
&?; ginglymoid. See <u>Ginglymoid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of ganoid fishes, including the modern gar pikes and many
allied fossil forms. They have rhombic, ganoid scales, a heterocercal
tail, paired fins without an axis, fulcra on the fins, and a bony
skeleton, with the vertebr&aelig; convex in front and concave behind,
forming a ball and socket joint. See <u>Ganoidel</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gin"gly*moid</hw> (?), <hw>Gin`gly*moid"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; ginglymus + &?; form: cf. F.
<i>ginglymoide</i>, <i>ginglymo&iuml;dal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a ginglymus, or hinge joint;
ginglyform.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gin"gly*mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ginglymi</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a hingelike joint,
a ball and socket joint.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A hinge joint; an
articulation, admitting of flexion and extension, or motion in two
directions only, as the elbow and the ankle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gin"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A building
where cotton is ginned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gink"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ginkgoes</b></plw> (#). [Chin., silver fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A large ornamental tree (<i>Ginkgo biloba</i>) from China and
Japan, belonging to the Yew suborder of <i>Conifer&aelig;</i>. Its
leaves are so like those of some maidenhair ferns, that it is also
called the <i>maidenhair tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gin"nee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ginn</b></plw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Jinnee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gin"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Genet</u>,
a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gin"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gin</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Beginning.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gin"ny-car`riage</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
small, strong carriage for conveying materials on a railroad.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gin"seng</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chinese.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus <i>Aralia</i>, the root of
which is highly valued as a medicine among the Chinese. The Chinese
plant (<i>Aralia Schinseng</i>) has become so rare that the American
(<i>A. quinquefolia</i>) has largely taken its place, and its root is
now an article of export from America to China. The root, when dry,
is of a yellowish white color, with a sweetness in the taste somewhat
resembling that of licorice, combined with a slight aromatic
bitterness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gin"shop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shop or
barroom where gin is sold as a beverage.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take out the
entrails of (herrings).</def></p>

<p><hw>Gip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A servant. See
<u>Gyp</u>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gi*poun"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Jupon</u>.]
<def>A short cassock.</def> [Written also <i>gepoun</i>,
<i>gypoun</i>, <i>jupon</i>, <i>juppon</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Gip"ser</hw> (?), <hw>Gip"sire</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gibeci&egrave;re</i> a game pouch or game
pocket.  Cf. <u>Gibbier</u>.] <def>A kind of pouch formerly worn at
the girdle.</def>  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>gipser</i> all of silk,<BR>
Hung at his girdle, white as morn&eacute; milk.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gip"sy</hw> (j&ibreve;p"s&ybreve;), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Gypsy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gip"sy*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gypsyism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gi*raffe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>girafe</i>,
Sp. <i>girafa</i>, from Ar. <i>zur&amacr;fa</i>,
<i>zar&amacr;fa</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African ruminant
(<i>Camelopardalis giraffa</i>) related to the deers and antelopes,
but placed in a family by itself; the camelopard. It is the tallest
of animals, being sometimes twenty feet from the hoofs to the top of
the head. Its neck is very long, and its fore legs are much longer
than its hind legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gir"an*dole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Gyrate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ornamental branched
candlestick.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flower stand, fountain, or the like, of
branching form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Pyrotechny)</i> <def>A kind of revolving
firework.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A series of chambers in
defensive mines.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gir"a*sole</hw> <hw>Gir"a*sol</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>girasole</i>, or F. <i>girasol</i>, fr.
L. <i>gyrare</i> to turn around + <i>sol</i> sun.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Heliotrope</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of opal which is
usually milk white, bluish white, or sky blue; but in a bright light
it reflects a reddish color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gird</hw> (g&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Yard</u>
a measure.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stroke with a rod or switch; a severe
spasm; a twinge; a pang.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conscience . . . is freed from many fearful
<i>girds</i> and twinges which the atheist feels.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cut; a sarcastic remark; a gibe; a
sneer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I thank thee for that <i>gird</i>, good
Tranio.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gird</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Gird</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Girde</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike; to smite.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To slay him and to <i>girden</i> off his
head.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sneer at; to mock; to gibe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being moved, he will not spare to <i>gird</i> the
gods.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gird</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gibe; to sneer; to
break a scornful jest; to utter severe sarcasms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of all sorts take a pride to <i>gird</i> at
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gird</hw> (g&etilde;rd), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Girt</u> (?) or <u>Girded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Girding</u>.] [OE. <i>girden</i>, <i>gurden</i>,
AS. <i>gyrdan</i>; akin to OS. <i>gurdian</i>, D. <i>gorden</i>, OHG.
<i>gurten</i>, G. <i>g&uuml;rten</i>, Icel. <i>gyr&eth;a</i>, Sw.
<i>gjorda</i>, Dan. <i>giorde</i>, Goth. <i>biga&iacute;rdan</i> to
begird, and prob. to E. <i>yard</i> an inclosure.  Cf. <u>Girth</u>,
<pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos>, <u>Girt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To encircle or bind with any flexible
band.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make fast, as clothing, by binding with
a cord, girdle, bandage, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To surround; to encircle, or
encompass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That Nyseian isle,<BR>
<i>Girt</i> with the River Triton.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To clothe; to swathe; to invest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>girded</i> thee about with fine
linen.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xvi. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Son . . . appeared<BR>
<i>Girt</i> with omnipotence.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To prepare; to make ready; to equip; as,
to <i>gird</i> one's self for a contest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast <i>girded</i> me with strength.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xviii. 39.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To gird on</b></col>, <cd>to put on; to fasten around or
to one securely, like a girdle; as, <i>to gird on</i> armor or a
sword.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not him that <i>girdeth on</i> his harness boast
himself as he that putteth it off.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xx.
11.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To gird up</b></col>, <cd>to bind tightly with a
girdle; to support and strengthen, as with a girdle.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>girded up</i> his loins, and ran before
Ahab.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xviii. 46.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gird up</i> the loins of your mind.</blockquote>
<i>1 Pet. i. 13.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Girt up</b></col>; prepared or equipped, as for a
journey or for work, in allusion to the ancient custom of gathering
the long flowing garments into the girdle and tightening it before
any exertion; hence, adjectively, eagerly or constantly active;
strenuous; striving. "A severer, more <i>girt-up</i> way of living."
<i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gird"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Gird</u> to
sneer at.] <def>One who girds; a satirist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gird"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Gird</u> to
encircle.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, girds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch. &amp; Engin.)</i> <def>A main beam; a
stright, horizontal beam to span an opening or carry weight, such as
ends of floor beams, etc.; hence, a framed or built-up member
discharging the same office, technically called a <i>compound
girder</i>. See <i>Illusts</i>. of <u>Frame</u>, and <i>Doubleframed
floor</i>, under <u>Double</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bowstring girder</b></col>, <col><b>Box girder</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Bowstring</u>, <u>Box</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Girder bridge</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bridge</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Lattice girder</b></col>, <cd>a girder consisting of
longitudinal bars united by diagonal crossing bars.</cd> --
<col><b>Half-lattice girder</b></col>, <cd>a girder consisting of
horizontal upper and lower bars connected by a series of diagonal
bars sloping alternately in opposite directions so as to divide the
space between the bars into a series of triangles.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Sandwich girder</b></col>, <cd>a girder
consisting of two parallel wooden beams, between which is an iron
plate, the whole clamped together by iron bolts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gird"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That with which one
is girded; a girdle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Instead of a stomacher, a <i>girding</i> of
sackcloth.</blockquote> <i>Is. iii. 24.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gir"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A griddle.</def>
[Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gir"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gurdel</i>,
<i>girdel</i>, AS. <i>gyrdel</i>, fr. <i>gyrdan</i>; akin to D.
<i>gordel</i>, G. <i>g&uuml;rtel</i>, Icel. <i>gyr&?;ill</i>. See
<u>Gird</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, to encircle, and cf.
<u>Girth</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which girds, encircles, or incloses;
a circumference; a belt; esp., a belt, sash, or article of dress
encircling the body usually at the waist; a cestus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Within the <i>girdle</i> of these walls.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their breasts girded with golden
<i>girdles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xv. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The zodiac; also, the equator.</def>
[Poetic]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From the world's <i>girdle</i> to the frozen
pole.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That gems the starry <i>girdle</i> of the
year.</blockquote> <i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Jewelry)</i> <def>The line ofgreatest
circumference of a brilliant-cut diamond, at which it is grasped by
the setting. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Brilliant</u>.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A thin bed or stratum of
stone.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The clitellus of an
earthworm.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Girdle bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
sphenethmoid. See under <u>Sphenethmoid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Girdle
wheel</b></col>, <cd>a spinning wheel.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea
girdle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a ctenophore. See
<i>Venus's girdle</i>, under <u>Venus</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shoulder</b></col>, <col><b>Pectoral</b></col>, &and;
<col><b>Pelvic</b></col>, <col><b>girdle</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Pectoral</u>, and <u>Pelvic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To
have under the girdle</b></col>, <cd>to have bound to one, that is,
in subjection.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gir"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Girdled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Girdling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind with a belt or
sash; to gird.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inclose; to environ; to shut
in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those sleeping stones,<BR>
That as a waist doth <i>girdle</i> you about.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a cut or gnaw a groove around (a
tree, etc.) through the bark and alburnum, thus killing it.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Gir"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who girdles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A maker of girdles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American longicorn
beetle (<i>Oncideres cingulatus</i>) which lays its eggs in the twigs
of the hickory, and then girdles each branch by gnawing a groove
around it, thus killing it to provide suitable food for the
larv&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gir"dle*stead</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Girdle</i> +
<i>stead</i> place.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part of the body where the girdle is
worn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sheathed, beneath his <i>girdlestead</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The lap.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There fell a flower into her
<i>girdlestead</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swinburne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Gyre</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gir"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Gherkin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Girl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>girle</i>,
<i>gerle</i>, <i>gurle</i>, a girl (in sense 1): cf. LG.
<i>g&ouml;r</i> child.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A young person of either sex; a
child.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A female child, from birth to the age of
puberty; a young maiden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A female servant; a maidservant.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A roebuck two years
old.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Girl"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or time of
being a girl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Girl"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or
characteristic of, a girl; of or pertaining to girlhood; innocent;
artless; immature; weak; as, <i>girlish</i> ways; <i>girlish</i>
grief.</def> -- <wf>Girl"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Girl"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gir"lond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Garland</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A garland; a prize.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Girn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Grin</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To grin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gi*ron"dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>Girondiste</i>.] <def>A member of the moderate republican party
formed in the French legislative assembly in 1791. The Girondists
were so called because their leaders were deputies from the
department of La Gironde.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gi*ron"dist</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Girondists.</def> [Written also <i>Girondin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gir"rock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. F.
<i>chicarou</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A garfish.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Girt</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Gird</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Girt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Girted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Girting</u>.] [From <u>Girt</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, cf.
<u>Girth</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To gird; to encircle; to
invest by means of a girdle; to measure the girth of; as, to
<i>girt</i> a tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We here create thee the first duke of Suffolk,<BR>
And <i>girt</i> thee with the sword.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Girt</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Bound by a
cable; -- used of a vessel so moored by two anchors that she swings
against one of the cables by force of the current or tide.</def></p>

<p><! p. 627 !></p>

<p><hw>Girt</hw> (g&etilde;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Girth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Girth</hw> (g&etilde;rth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>gj&ouml;r&eth;</i> girdle, or <i>ger&eth;</i> girth; akin to Goth.
<i>ga&iacute;rda</i> girdle. See <u>Gird</u> to girt, and cf.
<u>Girdle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A band
or strap which encircles the body; especially, one by which a saddle
is fastened upon the back of a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The measure round the body, as at the
waist or belly; the circumference of anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He's a lu<BR>
sty, jolly fellow, that lives well, at least three yards in the
<i>girth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small horizontal brace or
girder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Girth</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Girth</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, cf. <u>Girt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To bind as with a girth.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Girt"line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A gantline.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hammock girtline</b></col>, <cd>a line rigged for hanging
out hammocks to dry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gis*arm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gisarme</i>,
<i>guisarme</i>.] <i>(Medi&aelig;val Armor)</i> <def>A weapon with a
scythe-shaped blade, and a separate long sharp point, mounted on a
long staff and carried by foot soldiers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Agist</u>.]
<def>To feed or pasture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Guise; manner.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gis"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>g&imacr;sel</i>;
akin to G. <i>geisel</i>, Icel. <i>g&imacr;sl</i>.] <def>A
pledge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Gibson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gis*mon"dine</hw> (?), <hw>Gis*mon"dite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the name of the discoverer,
<i>Gismondi</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A native hydrated silicate of
alumina, lime, and potash, first noticed near Rome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>giste</i> abode,
lodgings, F. <i>g&icirc;te</i>, fr. <i>g&eacute;sir</i> to lie, L.
<i>jac&?;re</i>, prop., to be thrown, hence, to lie, fr.
<i>jac</i>&?;<i>re</i> to throw. In the second sense fr. OF.
<i>gist</i>, F. <i>g&icirc;t</i>, 3d pers. sing. ind. of
<i>g&eacute;sir</i> to lie, used in a proverb, F., c'est l&agrave;
que <i>g&icirc;t</i> le li&egrave;vre, it is there that the hare
lies, <i>i. e.</i>, that is the point, the difficulty. See <u>Jet</u>
a shooting forth, and cf. <u>Agist</u>, <u>Joist</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Gest</u> a stage in traveling.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A resting place.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These quails have their set <i>gists</i>; to wit,
ordinary resting and baiting places.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The main point, as of a question; the
point on which an action rests; the pith of a matter; as, the
<i>gist</i> of a question.</def></p>

<p><hw>Git</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>See
<u>Geat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gown.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She came often in a <i>gite</i> of red.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E., corn cockle;
cf. W. <i>gith</i> corn cockle.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The corn cockle;
also anciently applied to the <i>Nigella</i>, or fennel
flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Git"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>giterne</i>,
OF. <i>guiterne</i>, ultimately from same source as E. <i>guitar</i>.
See <u>Guitar</u>, and cf. <u>Cittern</u>.] <def>An instrument like a
guitar.</def> "Harps, lutes, and <i>giternes</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Git"tern</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play on
gittern.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Git"tith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.] <def>A musical
instrument, of unknown character, supposed by some to have been used
by the people of Gath, and thence obtained by David. It is mentioned
in the title of Psalms viii., lxxxi., and lxxxiv.</def>  <i>Dr. W.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Giust</hw> (j&udd;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>Same
as <u>Joust</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gius"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>justus</i>. See <u>Just</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>In just, correct, or suitable time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Give</hw> (g&ibreve;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Gave</u> (g&amacr;v); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Given</u> (g&ibreve;v"'n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Giving</u>.] [OE. <i>given</i>, <i>yiven</i>,
<i>yeven</i>, AS. <i>gifan</i>, <i>giefan</i>; akin to D.
<i>geven</i>, OS. <i>ge&eth;an</i>, OHG. <i>geban</i>, G.
<i>geben</i>, Icel. <i>gefa</i>, Sw. <i>gifva</i>, Dan. <i>give</i>,
Goth. <i>giban</i>.  Cf. <u>Gift</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bestow without receiving a return; to
confer without compensation; to impart, as a possession; to grant, as
authority or permission; to yield up or allow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For generous lords had rather <i>give</i> than
pay.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To yield possesion of; to deliver over, as
property, in exchange for something; to pay; as, we <i>give</i> the
value of what we buy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What shall a man <i>give</i> in exchange for his soul
?</blockquote> <i>Matt. xvi. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To yield; to furnish; to produce; to emit;
as, flint and steel <i>give</i> sparks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To communicate or announce, as advice,
tidings, etc.; to pronounce; to render or utter, as an opinion, a
judgment, a sentence, a shout, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To grant power or license to; to permit;
to allow; to license; to commission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>given</i> me once again to behold my
friend.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>give</i> thy friend to shed the sacred
wine.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit as a product or result; to
produce; to show; as, the number of men, divided by the number of
ships, <i>gives</i> four hundred to each ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To devote; to apply; used reflexively, to
devote or apply one's self; as, the soldiers <i>give</i> themselves
to plunder; also in this sense used very frequently in the past
participle; as, the people are <i>given</i> to luxury and pleasure;
the youth is <i>given</i> to study.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Logic &amp; Math.)</i> <def>To set forth as a
known quantity or a known relation, or as a premise from which to
reason; -- used principally in the passive form
<i>given</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To allow or admit by way of
supposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>give</i> not heaven for lost.</blockquote>
<i>Mlton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To attribute; to assign; to
adjudge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I don't wonder at people's <i>giving</i> him to me as
a lover.</blockquote> <i>Sheridan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To excite or cause to exist, as a
sensation; as, to <i>give</i> offense; to <i>give</i> pleasure or
pain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To pledge; as, to <i>give</i> one's
word.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To cause; to make; -- with the
infinitive; as, to <i>give</i> one to understand, to know,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But there the duke was <i>given</i> to understand<BR>
That in a gondola were seen together<BR>
Lorenzo and his amorous Jessica.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To give away</b></col>, <cd>to make over to another; to
transfer.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever we employ in charitable uses during our
lives, is <i>given away</i> from ourselves.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To give back</b></col>, <cd>to return; to restore.</cd>
<i>Atterbury.</i> -- <col><b>To give the bag</b></col>, <cd>to
cheat.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I fear our ears have <i>given</i> us <i>the
bag</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To give birth to</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
bear or bring forth, as a child.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
originate; to give existence to, as an enterprise, idea.</cd> --
<col><b>To give chase</b></col>, <cd>to pursue.</cd> -- <col><b>To
give ear to</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ear</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To
give forth</b></col>, <cd>to give out; to publish; to tell.</cd>
<i>Hayward.</i> -- <col><b>To give ground</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Ground</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To give the
hand</b></col>, <cd>to pledge friendship or faith.</cd> -- <col><b>To
give the hand of</b></col>, <cd>to espouse; to bestow in
marriage.</cd> -- <col><b>To give the head</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Head</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To give
in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To abate; to deduct.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To declare; to make known; to announce; to
tender; as, <i>to give in</i> one's adhesion to a party.</cd> --
<col><b>To give the lie to</b></col> <cd>(a person), to tell (him)
that he lies.</cd> -- <col><b>To give line</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Line</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To give off</b></col>, <cd>to emit, as
steam, vapor, odor, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To give one's self
away</b></col>, <cd>to make an inconsiderate surrender of one's
cause, an unintentional disclosure of one's purposes, or the
like.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To give out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To utter publicly; to report; to announce or
declare.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>One that <i>gives out</i> himself Prince
Florizel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Give out</i> you are of Epidamnum.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To send out; to emit; to distribute; as, a
substance <i>gives out</i> steam or odors.</cd> -- <col><b>To give
over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To yield completely; to quit;
to abandon.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To despair of.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To addict, resign, or apply (one's
self).</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The Babylonians had <i>given</i> themselves
<i>over</i> to all manner of vice.</blockquote>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To give place</b></col>, <cd>to withdraw; to yield
one's claim.</cd> -- <col><b>To give points</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In games of skill, to equalize chances by
conceding a certain advantage; to allow a handicap.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To give useful suggestions.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To give rein</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Rein</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To give the sack</b></col>.
<cd>Same as <i>To give the bag</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To give and
take</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To average gains and
losses.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To exchange freely, as blows,
sarcasms, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To give time</b></col>
<sd><i>(Law)</i></sd>, <cd>to accord extension or forbearance to a
debtor.</cd> <i>Abbott.</i> -- <col><b>To give the time of
day</b></col>, <cd>to salute one with the compliment appropriate to
the hour, as "good morning." "good evening", etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To
give tongue</b></col>, <cd>in hunter's phrase, to bark; -- said of
dogs.</cd> -- <col><b>To give up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To abandon; to surrender. "Don't <i>give up</i> the
ship."</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He has . . . <i>given up</i><BR>
For certain drops of salt, your city Rome.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To make public; to reveal.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll not state them<BR>
By <i>giving up</i> their characters.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>(Used also reflexively.</cd>) --
<col><b>To give up the ghost</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Ghost</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To give one's self up</b></col>, <cd>to
abandon hope; to despair; to surrender one's self.</cd> -- <col><b>To
give way</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To withdraw; to give
place.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To yield to force or pressure;
as, the scaffolding <i>gave way</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To begin to row; or to row with increased
energy.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i>. <cd>To
depreciate or decline in value; as, railroad securities <i>gave
way</i> two per cent.</cd> -- <col><b>To give way together</b></col>,
<cd>to row in time; to keep stroke.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Give</u>, <u>Confer</u>, <u>Grant</u>.  To
<i>give</i> is the generic word, embracing all the rest. To
<i>confer</i> was originally used of persons in power, who gave
permanent grants or privileges; as, to <i>confer</i> the order of
knighthood; and hence it still denotes the giving of something which
might have been withheld; as, to <i>confer</i> a favor. To
<i>grant</i> is to give in answer to a petition or request, or to one
who is in some way dependent or inferior.</p>

<p><hw>Give</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To give a gift or gifts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To yield to force or pressure; to relax;
to become less rigid; as, the earth <i>gives</i> under the
feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To become soft or moist.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon .</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move; to recede.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now back he <i>gives</i>, then rushes on
amain.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To shed tears; to weep.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whose eyes do never <i>give</i><BR>
But through lust and laughter.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To have a misgiving.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My mind <i>gives</i> ye're reserved<BR>
To rob poor market women.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To open; to lead.</def> [A Gallicism]</p>

<p><blockquote>This, yielding, <i>gave</i> into a grassy
walk.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To give back</b></col>, <cd>to recede; to retire; to
retreat.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>gave back</i> and came no
farther.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To give in</b></col>, <cd>to yield; to succumb; to
acknowledge one's self beaten; to cease opposition.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The Scots battalion was enforced to <i>give
in</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This consideration may induce a translator to <i>give
in</i> to those general phrases.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To give off</b></col>, <cd>to cease; to forbear.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Locke.</i> -- <col><b>To give</b></col> <col><b>on or
upon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To rush; to fall upon.</cd>
[Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To have a view of; to be in sight of;
to overlook; to look toward; to open upon; to front; to face.</cd> [A
Gallicism: cf. Fr. donner sur.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rooms which <i>gave upon</i> a pillared
porch.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gloomy staircase <i>on</i> which the grating
<i>gave</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To give out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
expend all one's strength.</cd> Hence: <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
cease from exertion; to fail; to be exhausted; as, my feet being
<i>to give out</i>; the flour has <i>given out</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To give over</b></col>, <cd>to cease; to discontinue; to
desist.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>It would be well for all authors, if they knew when
<i>to give over</i>, and to desist from any further pursuits after
fame.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To give up</b></col>, <cd>to cease from effort; to
yield; to despair; as, he would never <i>give up</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Giv"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> from
<u>Give</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Math. &amp; Logic)</i> <def>Granted; assumed;
supposed to be known; set forth as a known quantity, relation, or
premise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposed; inclined; -- used with an
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>; as, virtuously <i>given</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Stated; fixed; as, in a <i>given</i>
time.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Given name</b></col>, <cd>the Christian name, or name
<i>given</i> by one's parents or guardians, as distinguished from the
<i>surname</i>, which is inherited.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Giv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gives; a
donor; a bestower; a grantor; one who imparts or
distributes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the <i>giver</i>, and not the gift, that
engrosses the heart of the Christian.</blockquote>
<i>Kollock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gives</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See <u>Give</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Fetters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Giv"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of bestowing as a gift; a conferring or
imparting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gift; a benefaction.</def> [R.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of softening, breaking, or
yielding.</def> "Upon the first <i>giving</i> of the weather."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Giving in</b></col>, <cd>a falling inwards; a
collapse.</cd> -- <col><b>Giving out</b></col>, <cd>anything uttered
or asserted; an outgiving.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>givings out</i> were of an infinite
distance<BR>
From his true meant design.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Giz"zard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>g&eacute;sier</i>, L. gigeria, pl., the cooked entrails of
poultry.  Cf. <u>Gigerium</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The second, or true,
muscular stomach of birds, in which the food is crushed and ground,
after being softened in the glandular stomach (crop), or lower part
of the esophagus; the gigerium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
thick muscular stomach found in many invertebrate animals.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A stomach armed with chitinous or shelly
plates or teeth, as in certain insects and mollusks.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gizzard shad</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
American herring (<i>Dorosoma cepedianum</i>) resembling the shad,
but of little value.</cd> -- <col><b>To fret the gizzard</b></col>,
<cd>to harass; to vex one's self; to worry.</cd> [Low]
<i>Hudibras.</i> -- <col><b>To stick in one's gizzard</b></col>,
<cd>to be difficult of digestion; to be offensive.</cd> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>||Gla*bel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Glabell&?;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>glabellus</i>
hairless, fr. <i>glaber</i> bald.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The space
between the eyebrows, also including the corresponding part of the
frontal bone; the mesophryon.</def> -- <wf>Gla*bel"lar</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Gla*bel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Glabella</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Glabella</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The median, convex lobe of the head of a
trilobite. See <u>Trilobite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gla"brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>glabrare</i>,
fr. <i>glaber</i> smooth.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Becoming smooth or
glabrous from age.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gla"bre*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Gla"bri*ate</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [See <u>Glabrate</u>.] <def>To make smooth, plain, or
bare.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Glab"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glabritas</i>.] <def>Smoothness; baldness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gla"brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>glaber</i>;
cf. Gr. &?; hollow, smooth, &?; to hollow.] <def>Smooth; having a
surface without hairs or any unevenness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gla"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>glacialis</i>,
from <i>glacies</i> ice: cf. F. <i>glacial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to ice or to its action; consisting of ice; frozen;
icy; esp., pertaining to glaciers; as, <i>glacial</i>
phenomena.</def>  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Resembling ice; having the
appearance and consistency of ice; -- said of certain solid
compounds; as, <i>glacial</i> phosphoric or acetic acids.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glacial acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an acid of such
strength or purity as to crystallize at an ordinary temperature, in
an icelike form; as acetic or carbolic acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Glacial
drift</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>earth and rocks which have been
transported by moving ice, land ice, or icebergs; bowlder drift.</cd>
-- <col><b>Glacial</b></col> <col><b>epoch or period</b></col>
<i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a period during which the climate of the modern
temperate regions was polar, and ice covered large portions of the
northern hemisphere to the mountain tops.</cd> --
<col><b>Glacial</b></col> <col><b>theory or hypothesis</b></col>.
<i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>See <i>Glacier theory</i>, under
<u>Glacier</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gla"cial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
attributes the phenomena of the drift, in geology, to
glaciers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gla"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glaciatus</i>, p. p. of <i>glaciare</i> to freeze, fr.
<i>glacies</i> ice.] <def>To turn to ice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gla"ci*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To convert into, or cover with, ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>To produce glacial effects
upon, as in the scoring of rocks, transportation of loose material,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glaciated rocks</b></col>, <cd>rocks whose surfaces have
been smoothed, furrowed, or striated, by the action of ice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gla`ci*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of freezing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is formed by freezing;
ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The process of glaciating, or the state of
being glaciated; the production of glacial phenomena.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gla"cier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>glacier</i>,
fr. <i>glace</i> ice, L. <i>glacies</i>.] <def>An immense field or
stream of ice, formed in the region of perpetual snow, and moving
slowly down a mountain slope or valley, as in the Alps, or over an
extended area, as in Greenland.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The mass of compacted snow forming the upper part of a
glacier is called the <i>firn</i>, or <i>n&eacute;v&eacute;</i>; the
glacier proper consist of solid ice, deeply crevassed where broken up
by irregularities in the slope or direction of its path. A glacier
usually carries with it accumulations of stones and dirt called
<i>moraines</i>, which are designated, according to their position,
as <i>lateral</i>, <i>medial</i>, or <i>terminal</i> (see
<u>Moraine</u>). The common rate of flow of the Alpine glaciers is
from ten to twenty inches per day in summer, and about half that in
winter.</p>

<p><col><b>Glacier theory</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the theory
that large parts of the frigid and temperate zones were covered with
ice during the <i>glacial</i>, or <i>ice</i>, <i>period</i>, and
that, by the agency of this ice, the loose materials on the earth's
surface, called <i>drift</i> or <i>diluvium</i>, were transported and
accumulated.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gla"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
consisting of or resembling, ice; icy.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gla"cis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>glacis</i>; --
so named from its smoothness. See <u>Glacier</u>.] <def>A gentle
slope, or a smooth, gently sloping bank; especially <i>(Fort.)</i>,
that slope of earth which inclines from the covered way toward the
exterior ground or country (see <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Ravelin</u>).</def></p>

<p><! p. 628 !></p>

<p><hw>Glad</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Gladder</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Gladdest</u> (?).]
[AS. <i>gl&aelig;d</i> bright, glad; akin to D. <i>glad</i> smooth,
G. <i>glatt</i>, OHG. <i>glat</i> smooth, shining, Icel.
<i>gla&?;r</i> glad, bright, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>glad</i> glad, Lith.
<i>glodas</i> smooth, and prob. to L. <i>glaber</i>, and E.
<i>glide</i>.  Cf. <u>Glabrous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pleased; joyous; happy; cheerful;
gratified; -- opposed to <i>sorry</i>, <i>sorrowful</i>, or
<i>unhappy</i>; -- said of persons, and often followed by <i>of</i>,
<i>at</i>, <i>that</i>, or by the infinitive, and sometimes by
<i>with</i>, introducing the cause or reason.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wise son maketh a <i>glad</i> father.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. x. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is <i>glad</i> at calamities shall not be
unpunished.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xvii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Trojan, <i>glad</i> with sight of hostile
blood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He, <i>glad</i> of her attention gained.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As we are now <i>glad</i> to behold your
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Glad</i> am I that your highness is so
armed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Glad on 't</b></col>, <cd>glad of it.</cd> [Colloq.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wearing a gay or bright appearance;
expressing or exciting joy; producing gladness;
exhilarating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her conversation<BR>
More <i>glad</i> to me than to a miser money is.</blockquote> <i>Sir
P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Glad</i> evening and <i>glad</i> morn crowned the
fourth day.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pleased; gratified; exhilarated; animated;
delighted; happy; cheerful; joyous; joyful; cheering; exhilarating;
pleasing; animating.  -- <u>Glad</u>, <u>Delighted</u>,
<u>Gratified</u>. <i>Delighted</i> expresses a much higher degree of
pleasure than <i>glad</i>. <i>Gratified</i> always refers to a
pleasure conferred by some human agent, and the feeling is modified
by the consideration that we owe it in part to another. A person may
be <i>glad</i> or <i>delighted</i> to see a friend, and
<i>gratified</i> at the attention shown by his visits.</p>

<p><hw>Glad</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gladded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gladding</u>.] [AS. <i>gladian</i>. See <u>Glad</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Gladden</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>To make glad; to cheer; to gladden; to
exhilarate.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That which <i>gladded</i> all the warrior
train.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each drinks the juice that <i>glads</i> the heart of
man.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glad</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be glad; to
rejoice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glad"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gladdened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gladdening</u> (?).] [See <u>Glad</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To make glad; to cheer; to please; to gratify; to rejoice; to
exhilarate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A secret pleasure <i>gladdened</i> all that saw
him.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glad"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be or become
glad; to rejoice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vast Pacific <i>gladdens</i> with the
freight.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glad"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
glad.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. of Scand. origin,
and akin to <i>glad</i>, a.; cf. also W. <i>golead</i>,
<i>goleuad</i>, a lighting, illumination, fr. <i>goleu</i> light,
clear, bright, <i>goleu fwlch</i> glade, lit., a light or clear
defile.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An open passage through a wood; a grassy
open or cleared space in a forest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There interspersed in lawns and opening
<i>glades</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An everglade.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An opening in the ice of rivers or lakes,
or a place left unfrozen; also, smooth ice.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bottom glade</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bottom</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Glade net</b></col>, <cd>in England, a net used for
catching woodcock and other birds in forest glades.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gla"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>gl&aelig;dene</i>, cf. L. <i>gladius</i> a sword.  Cf.
<u>Gladiole</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Sword grass; any plant with
sword-shaped leaves, esp. the European <i>Iris
f&oelig;tidissima</i>.</def> [Written also <i>gladwyn</i>,
<i>gladdon</i>, and <i>glader</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Glad"eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European yellow-hammer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glad"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of gladness;
joyful; glad.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Glad"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It followed him with <i>gladful</i> glee.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glad"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gladius</i>
sword.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Sword-shaped; resembling a sword in form,
as the leaf of the iris, or of the gladiolus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glad"i*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>gladius</i> sword. See <u>Glaive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Originally, a swordplayer; hence, one who fought with weapons in
public, either on the occasion of a funeral ceremony, or in the
arena, for public amusement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who engages in any fierce combat or
controversy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Glad`i*a*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <hw>Glad`i*a*to"ri*an</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to gladiators, or to
contests or combatants in general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glad"i*a`tor*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art
or practice of a gladiator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glad"i*a`tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Conduct,
state, or art, of a gladiator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glad"i*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gladiatorius</i>.] <def>Gladiatorial.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Glad"i*a*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gladiatura</i>.] <def>Swordplay; fencing; gladiatorial
contest.</def>  <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glad"i*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gladiolus</i>
a small sword, the sword lily, dim. of <i>gladius</i> sword. See
<u>Glaive</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A lilylike plant, of the genus
<i>Gladiolus</i>; -- called also <i>corn flag</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gla*di"o*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Gladioli</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Gladioluses</b></plw> (#).
[L. See <u>Gladiole</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants having
bulbous roots and gladiate leaves, and including many species, some
of which are cultivated and valued for the beauty of their flowers;
the corn flag; the sword lily.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The middle portion of the
sternum in some animals; the mesosternum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gla"di*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gladii</b></plw> (#). [L., a sword.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The internal shell, or pen, of cephalopods like the
squids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glad"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Glad</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Preferably; by choice.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With pleasure; joyfully; cheerfully;
eagerly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The common people heard him
<i>gladly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mark xii. 37.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glad"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>gl&aelig;dnes</i>.] <def>State or quality of being glad; pleasure;
joyful satisfaction; cheerfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . did eat their meat with <i>gladness</i> and
singleness of heart.</blockquote> <i>Acts ii. 46.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Gladness</i> is rarely or never equivalent to
<i>mirth</i>, <i>merriment</i>, <i>gayety</i>, and <i>triumph</i>,
and it usually expresses less than <i>delight</i>. It sometimes
expresses great joy.</p>

<p><blockquote>The Jews had joy and <i>gladness</i>, a feast and a
good day.</blockquote> <i>Esther viii. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glad"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>gl&aelig;dscipe</i>.] <def>A state of gladness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glad"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pleased; joyful; cheerful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing joy, pleasure, or cheerfulness;
having the appearance of gayety; pleasing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of opening heaven they sung, and <i>gladsome</i>
day.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Glad"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Glad"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Hours of perfect <i>gladsomeness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glad"stone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Wm. E.
<i>Gladstone</i>.] <def>A four-wheeled pleasure carriage with two
inside seats, calash top, and seats for driver and footman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glad"wyn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Gladen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glair</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>glaire</i>,
<i>glaire</i> d'&?;uf, the glair of an egg, prob. fr. L.
<i>clarus</i> clear, bright. See <u>Clear</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The white of egg. It is used as a size or
a glaze in bookbinding, for pastry, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any viscous, transparent substance,
resembling the white of an egg.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A broadsword fixed on a pike; a kind of
halberd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glair</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glaired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glairing</u>.] <def>To smear with the white of an egg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glaire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Glair</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glair"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Glairy;
covered with glair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glair"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A glairy viscous
substance, which forms on the surface of certain mineral waters, or
covers the sides of their inclosures; -- called also
<i>baregin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glair"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like glair, or
partaking of its qualities; covered with glair; viscous and
transparent; slimy.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glaive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>glaive</i>, L.
<i>gladius</i>; prob. akin to E. <i>claymore</i>.  Cf.
<u>Gladiator</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A weapon formerly used,
consisting of a large blade fixed on the end of a pole, whose edge
was on the outside curve; also, a light lance with a long sharp-
pointed head.</def>  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sword; -- used poetically and
loosely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>glaive</i> which he did wield.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gla"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; cf. Gr. &?;, L.
<i>gramiae</i>, Gr. &?; blear-eyed.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A copious
gummy secretion of the humor of the eyelids, in consequence of some
disorder; blearedness; lippitude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gla"mour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>glamour</i>,
<i>glamer</i>; cf. Icel. <i>gl&aacute;meggdr</i> one who is troubled
with the glaucoma (?); or Icel. <i>gl&amacr;m-s&ymacr;ni</i> weakness
of sight, glamour; <i>gl&amacr;mr</i> name of the moon, also of a
ghost + <i>s&ymacr;ni</i> sight, akin to E. <i>see</i>. Perh.,
however, a corruption of E. <i>gramarye</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A charm affecting the eye, making objects
appear different from what they really are.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Witchcraft; magic; a spell.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of haze in the air, causing things
to appear different from what they really are.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The air filled with a strange, pale <i>glamour</i>
that seemed to lie over the broad valley.</blockquote> <i>W.
Black.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any artificial interest in, or association
with, an object, through which it appears delusively magnified or
glorified.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A quality of a person which allures and
fascinates, usually by good looks and a charming manner; -- of
people; as, the <i>glamour</i> of John F. Kennedy..</def><BR>
[PJC]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An attractive quality which provides
excitement, adventure, the thrill of unusual activity, or the
potential to become famous; -- of activities; as, the <i>glamour</i>
of movie stardom.</def><BR>
[PJC]</p>

<p><col><b>Glamour gift</b></col>, <col><b>Glamour might</b></col>,
<cd>the gift or power of producing a glamour. The former is used
figuratively, of the gift of fascination peculiar to women.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>It had much of <i>glamour might</i><BR>
To make a lady seem a knight.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glam"ou*rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Glamour.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Glance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D. <i>glans</i>
luster, brightness, G. <i>glanz</i>, Sw. <i>glans</i>, D.
<i>glands</i> brightness, glimpse.  Cf. <u>Gleen</u>, <u>Glint</u>,
<u>Glitter</u>, and <u>Glance</u> a mineral.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden flash of light or
splendor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Swift as the lightning <i>glance</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quick cast of the eyes; a quick or a
casual look; a swift survey; a glimpse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dart not scornful <i>glances</i> from those
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An incidental or passing thought or
allusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How fleet is a <i>glance</i> of the mind.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A name given to some
sulphides, mostly dark-colored, which have a brilliant metallic
luster, as the sulphide of copper, called <i>copper
glance</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glance coal</b></col>, <cd>anthracite; a mineral composed
chiefly of carbon.</cd> -- <col><b>Glance cobalt</b></col>,
<cd>cobaltite, or gray cobalt.</cd> -- <col><b>Glance
copper</b></col>, <cd>chalcocite.</cd> -- <col><b>Glance
wood</b></col>, <cd>a hard wood grown in Cuba, and used for gauging
instruments, carpenters' rules, etc.</cd> <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glance</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glanced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glancing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shoot or emit a
flash of light; to shine; to flash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From art, from nature, from the schools,<BR>
Let random influences <i>glance</i>,<BR>
Like light in many a shivered lance,<BR>
That breaks about the dappled pools.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike and fly off in an oblique
direction; to dart aside. "Your arrow hath <i>glanced</i>".</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On me the curse aslope<BR>
<i>Glanced</i> on the ground.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To look with a sudden, rapid cast of the
eye; to snatch a momentary or hasty view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The poet's eye, in a fine frenzy rolling,<BR>
Doth <i>glance</i> from heaven to earth, from earth to
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make an incidental or passing
reflection; to allude; to hint; -- often with <i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherein obscurely<BR>
C&aelig;sar\'b6s ambition shall be <i>glanced</i> at.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>glanced</i> at a certain reverend
doctor.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To move quickly, appearing and
disappearing rapidly; to be visible only for an instant at a time; to
move interruptedly; to twinkle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And all along the forum and up the sacred seat,<BR>
His vulture eye pursued the trip of those small <i>glancing</i>
feet.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glance</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To shoot or dart suddenly or obliquely; to cast for a moment;
as, to <i>glance</i> the eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hint at; to touch lightly or
briefly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In company I often <i>glanced</i> it.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glan"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Shooting, as light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When through the <i>gancing</i> lightnings
fly.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Flying off (after striking) in an oblique
direction; as, a <i>glancing</i> shot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glan"cing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a glancing
manner; transiently; incidentally; indirectly.</def>
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gland</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>glande</i>, L.
<i>glans</i>, <i>glandis</i>, acorn; akin to Gr. &?; for &?;, and &?;
to cast, throw, the acorn being the dropped fruit.  Cf.
<u>Parable</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
organ for secreting something to be used in, or eliminated from, the
body; as, the sebaceous <i>glands</i> of the skin; the salivary
<i>glands</i> of the mouth.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An organ
or part which resembles a secreting, or true, gland, as the ductless,
lymphatic, pineal, and pituitary <i>glands</i>, the functions of
which are very imperfectly known.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The true secreting glands are, in principle, narrow pouches
of the mucous membranes, or of the integument, lined with a
continuation of the epithelium, or of the epidermis, the cells of
which produce the secretion from the blood. In the larger glands, the
pouches are tubular, greatly elongated, and coiled, as in the sweat
glands, or subdivided and branched, making compound and racemose
glands, such as the pancreas.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
special organ of plants, usually minute and globular, which often
secretes some kind of resinous, gummy, or aromatic product.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any very small prominence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Mach.)</i> <def>The movable part of a
stuffing box by which the packing is compressed; -- sometimes called
a <i>follower</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Stuffing box</i>, under
<u>Stuffing</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The crosspiece of a bayonet
clutch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glan"dage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>glandage</i>. See <u>Gland</u>.] <def>A feeding on nuts or
mast.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glan"dered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
glanders; as, a <i>glandered</i> horse.</def>  <i>Yu&?;att.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glan"der*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to glanders; of the nature of glanders.</def>
<i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glan"ders</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Gland</u>.]
<i>(Far.)</i> <def>A highly contagious and very destructive disease
of horses, asses, mules, etc., characterized by a constant discharge
of sticky matter from the nose, and an enlargement and induration of
the glands beneath and within the lower jaw. It may transmitted to
dogs, goats, sheep, and to human beings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glan*dif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glandifer</i>; <i>glans</i>, <i>glandis</i>, acorn + <i>ferre</i>
to bear; cf. F. <i>glandif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Bearing acorns or
other nuts; as, <i>glandiferous</i> trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gland"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>glans</i>,
<i>glandis</i>, acorn + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>glandiforme</i> .]
<def>Having the form of a gland or nut; resembling a gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glan"du*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>glandulaire</i>. See <u>Glandule</u>.] <def>Containing or
supporting glands; consisting of glands; pertaining to
glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glan`du*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>glandulation</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The situation and structure
of the secretory vessels in plants.</def>  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Glandulation</i> respects the secretory vessels,
which are either glandules, follicles, or utricles.</blockquote>
<i>J. Lee.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glan"dule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>glandula</i>,
dim. of <i>glans</i>, <i>glandis</i>, acorn: cf. F. <i>glandule</i>.
See <u>Gland</u>.] <def>A small gland or secreting vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glan`du*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glandula</i> gland + <i>-ferous</i>; cf. F.
<i>glandulif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Bearing glandules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glan"du*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Glandulous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glan`du*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality
of being glandulous; a collection of glands.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glan"du*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glandulosus</i>: cf. F. <i>glanduleux</i>.] <def>Containing
glands; consisting of glands; pertaining to glands; resembling
glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Glans</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Glandes</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Gland</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The vascular body which
forms the apex of the penis, and the extremity of the
clitoris.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The acorn or mast of the oak
and similar fruits.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Goiter.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A pessary.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Glare</hw> (gl&acirc;r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Glared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Glaring</u>.] [OE. <i>glaren</i>, <i>gloren</i>; cf.
AS. <i>gl&aelig;r</i> amber, LG. <i>glaren</i> to glow or burn like
coals, D. <i>gloren</i> to glimmer; prob. akin to E.
<i>glass</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shine with a bright, dazzling
light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cavern glares with new-admitted
light.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To look with fierce, piercing eyes; to
stare earnestly, angrily, or fiercely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And eye that scorcheth all it <i>glares</i>
upon.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be bright and intense, as certain
colors; to be ostentatiously splendid or gay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>glares</i> in balls, front boxes, and the
ring.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glare</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shoot out, or
emit, as a dazzling light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every eye<BR>
<i>Glared</i> lightning, and shot forth pernicious fire.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bright, dazzling light; splendor that dazzles the eyes; a confusing
and bewildering light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The frame of burnished steel that cast a
<i>glare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fierce, piercing look or
stare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>About them round,<BR>
A lion now he stalks with fiery <i>glare</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A viscous, transparent substance. See
<u>Glair</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A smooth, bright, glassy surface; as, a
<i>glare</i> of ice.</def> [U. S. ]</p>

<p><hw>Glare</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Glary</u>, and
<u>Glare</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Smooth and bright or
translucent; -- used almost exclusively of ice; as, skating on
<i>glare</i> ice.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><! p. 629 !></p>

<p><hw>Glar"e*ous</hw> (gl&acirc;r"&esl;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>glaireux</i>. See <u>Glair</u>.]
<def>Glairy.</def>  <i>John Gregory (1766).</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Glar"i*ness</hw> (?), <hw>Glar"ing*ness</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dazzling luster or brilliancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glar"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clear; notorious;
open and bold; barefaced; as, a <i>glaring</i> crime; a
<i>glaring</i>  mistake.</def> -- <wf>Glar"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Glar"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a dazzling
luster; glaring; bright; shining; smooth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bright, crystal glass is <i>glary</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glass</hw> (gl&adot;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>glas</i>,
<i>gles</i>, AS. <i>gl&aelig;s</i>; akin to D., G., Dan., &amp; Sw.
<i>glas</i>, Icel. <i>glas</i>, <i>gler</i>, Dan. <i>glar</i>; cf.
AS. <i>gl&aelig;r</i> amber, L. <i>glaesum</i>.  Cf. <u>Glare</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Glaze</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hard, brittle, translucent, and commonly
transparent substance, white or colored, having a conchoidal
fracture, and made by fusing together sand or silica with lime,
potash, soda, or lead oxide. It is used for window panes and mirrors,
for articles of table and culinary use, for lenses, and various
articles of ornament.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Glass is variously colored by the metallic oxides; thus,
manganese colors it violet; copper (cuprous), red, or (cupric) green;
cobalt, blue; uranium, yellowish green or canary yellow; iron, green
or brown; gold, purple or red; tin, opaque white; chromium, emerald
green; antimony, yellow.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any substance having a
peculiar glassy appearance, and a conchoidal fracture, and usually
produced by fusion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything made of glass.</def> Especially:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A looking-glass; a mirror.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A vessel filled with running sand for
measuring time; an hourglass; and hence, the time in which such a
vessel is exhausted of its sand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She would not live<BR>
The running of one <i>glass</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A drinking vessel; a tumbler; a goblet;
hence, the contents of such a vessel; especially; spirituous liquors;
as, he took a <i>glass</i> at dinner.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>An optical glass; a lens; a spyglass; -- in the plural,
spectacles; as, a pair of <i>glasses</i>; he wears
<i>glasses</i>.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A weatherglass; a
barometer.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Glass</i> is much used adjectively or in combination;
as, <i>glass</i> maker, or <i>glass</i>maker; <i>glass</i> making or
<i>glass</i>making; <i>glass</i> blower or <i>glass</i>blower,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Bohemian glass</b></col>, <col><b>Cut glass</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Bohemian</u>, <u>Cut</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Crown glass</b></col>, <cd>a variety of glass, used for
making the finest plate or window glass, and consisting essentially
of silicate of soda or potash and lime, with no admixture of lead;
the convex half of an achromatic lens is composed of crown glass; --
so called from a crownlike shape given it in the process of
blowing.</cd> -- <col><b>Crystal glass</b></col>, or <col><b>Flint
glass</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Flint glass</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd>
-- <col><b>Cylinder glass</b></col>, <cd>sheet glass made by blowing
the glass in the form of a cylinder which is then split
longitudinally, opened out, and flattened.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass of
antimony</b></col>, <cd>a vitreous oxide of antimony mixed with
sulphide.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass blower</b></col>, <cd>one whose
occupation is to blow and fashion glass.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass
blowing</b></col>, <cd>the art of shaping glass, when reduced by heat
to a viscid state, by inflating it through a tube.</cd> --
<col><b>Glass cloth</b></col>, <cd>a woven fabric formed of glass
fibers.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass coach</b></col>, <cd>a coach superior
to a hackney-coach, hired for the day, or any short period, as a
private carriage; -- so called because originally private carriages
alone had glass windows.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Glass coaches</i> are [allowed in English parks
from which ordinary hacks are excluded], meaning by this term, which
is never used in America, hired carriages that do not go on
stands.</blockquote> <i>J. F. Cooper.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Glass cutter</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One who
cuts sheets of glass into sizes for window panes, ets.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>One who shapes the surface of glass by
grinding and polishing.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A tool, usually
with a diamond at the point, for cutting glass.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass
cutting</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The act or process of
dividing glass, as sheets of glass into panes with a diamond.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The act or process of shaping the surface of
glass by appylying it to revolving wheels, upon which sand, emery,
and, afterwards, polishing powder, are applied; especially of glass
which is shaped into facets, tooth ornaments, and the like. Glass
having ornamental scrolls, etc., cut upon it, is said to be
<i>engraved</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass metal</b></col>, <cd>the fused
material for making glass.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass painting</b></col>,
<cd>the art or process of producing decorative effects in glass by
painting it with enamel colors and combining the pieces together with
slender sash bars of lead or other metal. In common parlance,
<i>glass painting</i> and <i>glass staining</i> (see <i>Glass
staining</i>, below) are used indifferently for all colored
decorative work in windows, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass
paper</b></col>, <cd>paper faced with pulvirezed glass, and used for
abrasive purposes.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass silk</b></col>, <cd>fine
threads of glass, wound, when in fusion, on rapidly rotating heated
cylinders.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass silvering</b></col>, <cd>the process
of transforming plate glass into mirrors by coating it with a
reflecting surface, a deposit of silver, or a mercury amalgam.</cd> -
- <col><b>Glass soap</b></col>, or <col><b>Glassmaker's
soap</b></col>, <cd>the black oxide of manganese or other substances
used by glass makers to take away color from the materials for
glass.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass staining</b></col>, <cd>the art or
practice of coloring glass in its whole substance, or, in the case of
certain colors, in a superficial film only; also, decorative work in
glass.  Cf. <i>Glass painting</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass
tears</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Rupert's drop</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass
works</b></col>, <cd>an establishment where glass is made.</cd> --
<col><b>Heavy glass</b></col>, <cd>a heavy optical glass, consisting
essentially of a borosilicate of potash.</cd> -- <col><b>Millefiore
glass</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Millefiore</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Plate
glass</b></col>, <cd>a fine kind of glass, cast in thick plates, and
flattened by heavy rollers, -- used for mirrors and the best
windows.</cd> -- <col><b>Pressed glass</b></col>, <cd>glass articles
formed in molds by pressure when hot.</cd> -- <col><b>Soluble
glass</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a silicate of sodium or
potassium, found in commerce as a white, glassy mass, a stony powder,
or dissolved as a viscous, sirupy liquid; -- used for rendering
fabrics incombustible, for hardening artificial stone, etc.; --
called also <i>water glass</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spun glass</b></col>,
<cd>glass drawn into a thread while liquid.</cd> -- <col><b>Toughened
glass</b></col>, <col><b>Tempered glass</b></col>, <cd>glass finely
tempered or annealed, by a peculiar method of sudden cooling by
plunging while hot into oil, melted wax, or paraffine, etc.; --
called also, from the name of the inventor of the process, <i>Bastie
glass</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Water glass</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Soluble glass</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Window
glass</b></col>, <cd>glass in panes suitable for windows.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Glass</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glassed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glassing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reflect, as in a mirror;
to mirror; -- used reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Happy to <i>glass</i> themselves in such a
mirror.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the Almighty's form <i>glasses</i> itself in
tempests.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To case in glass.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cover or furnish with glass; to
glaze.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To smooth or polish anything, as leater,
by rubbing it with a glass burnisher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass"-crab`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larval state (<i>Phyllosoma</i>) of the
genus <stageof><i>Palinurus</i></stageof> and allied genera. It is
remarkable for its strange outlines, thinness, and transparency. See
<u>Phyllosoma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Glassy;
glazed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And pursues the dice with <i>glassen</i>
eyes.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glass"eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish of the great lakes; the wall-eyed
pike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A species of blindness in
horses in which the eye is bright and the pupil dilated; a sort of
amaurosis.</def>  <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glass"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mirror-
faced; reflecting the sentiments of another.</def> [R.] "The
<i>glass-faced</i> flatterer."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glass"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Glassfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The contents of a glass; as
much of anything as a glass will hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass"ful</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Glassy; shining like
glass.</def> [Obs.] "Minerva's <i>glassful</i> shield."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glass"-gaz`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to
viewing one's self in a glass or mirror; finical.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glass"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house where
glass is made; a commercial house that deals in glassware.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
resemble glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being glassy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of a
Scottish sect, founded in the 18th century by John <i>Glass</i>, a
minister of the Established Church of Scotland, who taught that
justifying faith is "no more than a simple assent to the divine
testimone passively recived by the understanding." The English and
American adherents of this faith are called <i>Sandemanians</i>,
after Robert <i>Sandeman</i>, the son-in-law and disciple of
Glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass" mak`er</hw> (?), or <hw>Glass"mak`er</hw>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes, or manufactures,
glass.</def> -- <wf>Glass" mak`ing</wf>, or <wf>Glass"mak`ing</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Glass"-rope`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A remarkable vitreous sponge, of the genus
<i>Hyalonema</i>, first brought from Japan. It has a long stem,
consisting of a bundle of long and large, glassy, siliceous fibers,
twisted together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass"-snail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, transparent, land snail, of the
genus <i>Vitrina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass"-snake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A long, footless lizard (<i>Ophiosaurus
ventralis</i>), of the Southern United States; -- so called from its
fragility, the tail easily breaking into small pieces. It grows to
the length of three feet. The name is applied also to similar species
found in the Old World.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass"-sponge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A siliceous sponge, of the genus
<i>Hyalonema</i>, and allied genera; -- so called from their glassy
fibers or spicules; -- called also <i>vitreous sponge</i>. See
<u>Glass-rope</u>, and <u>Euplectella</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass"ware</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ware, or
articles collectively, made of glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Manufacture of
glass; articles or ornamentation made of glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A seashore plant of the Spinach family (<i>Salicornia
herbacea</i>), with succulent jointed stems; also, a prickly plant of
the same family (<i>Salsola Kali</i>), both formerly burned for the
sake of the ashes, which yield soda for making glass and
soap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glass"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made of glass; vitreous; as, a <i>glassy</i> substance.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling glass in its properties, as in
smoothness, brittleness, or transparency; as, a <i>glassy</i> stream;
a <i>glassy</i> surface; the <i>glassy</i> deep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dull; wanting life or fire; lackluster; --
said of the eyes.</def> "In his <i>glassy</i> eye."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Glassy feldspar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of
orthoclase; sanidine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Glas"ton*bur*y thorn`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A variety
of the common hawthorn.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glas"ynge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Glazing or
glass.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Glau"ber*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Glauber</i>, a German chemist, died 1668: cf. F.
<i>glaub&eacute;rite</i>, G. <i>glauberit</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral, consisting of the sulphates of soda and lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glau"ber's salt`</hw> (?) or <hw>Glau"ber's salts`</hw> (&?;).
[G. <i>glaubersalz</i>, from <i>Glauber</i>, a German chemist who
discovered it. See <u>Glauberite</u>.] <def>Sulphate of soda, a well-
known cathartic. It is a white crystalline substance, with a cooling,
slightly bitter taste, and is commonly called
"<i>salts</i>."</def></p>

<p>&fist; It occurs naturally and abundantly in some mineral springs,
and in many salt deposits, as the mineral <i>mirabilite</i>. It is
manufactured in large quantities as an intermediate step in the "soda
process," and also for use in glass making.</p>

<p><hw>Glau*ces"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Glaucous</u>.] <def>Having a somewhat glaucous appearance or
nature; becoming glaucous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glau"cic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the <i>Glaucium</i> or horned poppy; -- formerly
applied to an acid derived from it, now known to be fumaric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glau"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Glaucous or
glaucescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glau"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid obtained from the plant <i>Glaucium</i>, as a
bitter, white, crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glau"co*dot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>glayko`s</grk> silvery, gray + <grk>dido`nai</grk> to give.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A metallic mineral having a grayish tin-white
color, and containing cobalt and iron, with sulphur and
arsenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Glau*co"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>glay`kwma</grk>, fr. <grk>glayko`s</grk> light gray, blue gray.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Dimness or abolition of sight, with a diminution
of transparency, a bluish or greenish tinge of the refracting media
of the eye, and a hard inelastic condition of the eyeball, with
marked increase of tension within the eyeball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glau*co"ma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
nature of glaucoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glau*com"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gleucometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glau"co*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>glauconite</i>, <i>glauconie</i>, fr. L. <i>glaucus</i>. See
<u>Glaucous</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The green mineral characteristic
of the greensand of the chalk and other formations. It is a hydrous
silicate of iron and potash. See <u>Greensand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glau"co*phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>glayko`s</grk> silvery, gray + <grk>fai`nesqai</grk> to appear.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a dark bluish color, related to
amphibole. It is characteristic of certain crystalline
rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Glau*co"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>glay`kwsis</grk>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Glaucoma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glau"cous</hw> (gl&add;"k&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glaucus</i>, Gr. <grk>glayko`s</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
a sea-green color; of a dull green passing into grayish blue.</def>
<i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Covered with a fine bloom or
fine white powder easily rubbed off, as that on a blue plum, or on a
cabbage leaf.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Glau"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., sea green.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of nudibranchiate mollusks, found in
the warmer latitudes, swimming in the open sea. These mollusks are
beautifully colored with blue and silvery white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glaum</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>To grope with the hands, as in the dark.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>To glaum at</b></col>, <cd>to grasp or snatch at; to
aspire to.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Wha <i>glaum'd at</i> kingdoms three.</blockquote>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Glaive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Of Celtic origin;
cf. W. <i>glafr</i> flattery.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prate; to
jabber; to babble.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here many, clepid filosophirs, <i>glavern</i>
diversely.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To flatter; to wheedle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some slavish, <i>glavering</i>, flattering
parasite.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glav"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
flatterer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glay"more`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
claymore.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glaze</hw> (gl&amacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Glazed</u> (gl&amacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Glazing</u>.] [OE. <i>glasen</i>, <i>glazen</i>, fr.
<i>glas</i>. See <u>Glass</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish (a window, a house, a sash, a
case, etc.) with glass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two cabinets daintily paved, richly handed, and
<i>glazed</i> with crystalline glass.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To incrust, cover, or overlay with a thin
surface, consisting of, or resembling, glass; as, to <i>glaze</i>
earthenware; hence, to render smooth, glasslike, or glossy; as, to
<i>glaze</i> paper, gunpowder, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sorrow's eye <i>glazed</i> with blinding
tears.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>To apply thinly a
transparent or semitransparent color to (another color), to modify
the effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glaze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become glazed of
glassy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glaze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
vitreous coating of pottery or porcelain; anything used as a coating
or color in glazing. See <u>Glaze</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
3.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Broth reduced by boiling
to a gelatinous paste, and spread thinly over braised
dishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A glazing oven. See <u>Glost
oven</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glaz"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>gl&aelig;sen</i>.] <def>Resembling glass; glasslike; glazed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glaz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who applies glazing, as in pottery manufacture, etc.; one
who gives a glasslike or glossy surface to anything; a calenderer or
smoother of cloth, paper, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tool or machine used in glazing,
polishing, smoothing, etc.; amoung cutlers and lapidaries, a wooden
wheel covered with emery, or having a band of lead and tin alloy, for
polishing cutlery, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gla"zier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Glaze</u>.]
<def>One whose business is to set glass.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glazier's diamond</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Diamond</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Glaz"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or art of setting glass; the art of covering with a
vitreous or glasslike substance, or of polishing or rendering
glossy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The glass set, or to be set, in a sash,
frame. etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The glass, glasslike, or glossy substance
with which any surface is incrusted or overlaid; as, the
<i>glazing</i> of pottery or porcelain, or of paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Transparent, or
semitransparent, colors passed thinly over other colors, to modify
the effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glaz"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a glazed
appearance; -- said of the fractured surface of some kinds of pin
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glead</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A live coal. See
<u>Gleed</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Gleam</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>glem</i>
birdlime, glue, phlegm, and E. <i>englaimed</i>.] <i>(Falconry)</i>
<def>To disgorge filth, as a hawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gleam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>glem</i>,
<i>gleam</i>, AS. <i>gl&aelig;m</i>, prob. akin to E. <i>glimmer</i>,
and perh. to Gr. &?; warm, &?; to warm.  Cf. <u>Glitter</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shoot of light; a small stream of light;
a beam; a ray; a glimpse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Transient unexpected <i>gleams</i> of
joi.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At last a <i>gleam</i><BR>
Of dawning light turned thitherward in haste<BR>
His [Satan's] traveled steps.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A glimmer, and then a <i>gleam</i> of
light.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Brightness; splendor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the clear azure <i>gleam</i> the flocks are
seen.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gleam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gleamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gleaming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shoot, or dart, as rays
of light; as, at the dawn, light <i>gleams</i> in the east.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shine; to cast light; to
glitter.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Gleam</u>, <u>Glimmer</u>, <u>Glitter</u>.
To <i>gleam</i> denotes a faint but distinct emission of light. To
<i>glimmer</i> describes an indistinct and unsteady giving of light.
To <i>glitter</i> imports a brightness that is intense, but varying.
The morning light <i>gleams</i> upon the earth; a distant taper
<i>glimmers</i> through the mist; a dewdrop <i>glitters</i> in the
sun. See <u>Flash</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Gleam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shoot out (flashes
of light, etc.).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dying eyes <i>gleamed</i> forth their ashy
lights.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gleam"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Darting beams of
light; casting light in rays; flashing; coruscating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In brazed arms, that cast a <i>gleamy</i> ray,<BR>
Swift through the town the warrior bends his way.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><! p. 630 !></p>

<p><hw>Glean</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gleaned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gleaning</u>.] [OE. <i>glenen</i>, OF. <i>glener</i>,
<i>glaner</i>, F. <i>glaner</i>, fr. LL. <i>glenare</i>; cf. W.
<i>glan</i> clean, <i>glanh&?;u</i> to clean, purify, or AS.
<i>gelm</i>, <i>gilm</i>, a hand&?;ul.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To gather after a reaper; to collect in
scattered or fragmentary parcels, as the grain left by a reaper, or
grapes left after the gathering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>glean</i> the broken ears after the man<BR>
That the main harvest reaps.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gather from (a field or vineyard) what
is left.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To collect with patient and minute labor;
to pick out; to obtain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Content to <i>glean</i> what we can from . . .
experiments.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glean</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
gather stalks or ears of grain left by reapers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And she went, and came, and <i>gleaned</i> in the
field after the reapers.</blockquote> <i>Ruth ii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pick up or gather anything by
degrees.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Piecemeal they this acre first, then that;<BR>
<i>Glean</i> on, and gather up the whole estate.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glean</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A collection made by
gleaning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>gleans</i> of yellow thyme distend his
thighs.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glean</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cleaning;
afterbirth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glean"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who gathers after reapers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who gathers slowly with labor.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glean"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of gathering
after reapers; that which is collected by gleaning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Glenings</i> of natural knowledge.</blockquote>
<i>Cook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glebe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gl&egrave;be</i>,
L. <i>gleba</i>, <i>glaeba</i>, clod, land, soil.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A lump; a clod.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Turf; soil; ground; sod.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fertile of corn the <i>glebe</i>, of oil, and
wine.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <def>The land belonging, or
yielding revenue, to a parish church or ecclesiastical
benefice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glebe"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
glebe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gle*bos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being glebous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Gleb"ous</hw> (?), <hw>Gleb"y</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>glaebosus</i> cloddy.]
<def>Pertaining to the glebe; turfy; cloddy; fertile; fruitful.</def>
"<i>Gleby</i> land."  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glede</hw> (gl&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>glida</i>, akin to Icel. <i>gle&eth;a</i>, Sw. <i>glada</i>.  Cf.
<u>Glide</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
common European kite (<i>Milvus ictinus</i>). This name is also
sometimes applied to the buzzard.</def> [Written also <i>glead</i>,
<i>gled</i>, <i>gleed</i>, <i>glade</i>, and <i>glide</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Glede</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gleed</u>.] <def>A
live coal.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The cruel ire, red as any <i>glede</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glee</hw> (gl&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gle</i>,
<i>gleo</i>, AS. <i>gle&oacute;w</i>, <i>gle&oacute;</i>, akin to
Icel. <i>gl&ymacr;</i>: cf. Gr. <grk>chley`n</grk> joke, jest.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Music; minstrelsy; entertainment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Joy; merriment; mirth; gayety;
paricularly, the mirth enjoyed at a feast.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An unaccompanied part song
for three or more solo voices. It is not necessarily
gleesome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gleed</hw> (gl&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>gl&emacr;d</i>, fr. <i>gl&omacr;wan</i> to glow as a fire; akin to
D. <i>gloed</i>, G. <i>glut</i>, Icel. <i>gl&omacr;&eth;</i>. See
<u>Glow</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A live or glowing coal; a
glede.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Chaucer. Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glee"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Merry; gay;
joyous.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gleek</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. Icel.
<i>leika</i> to play, play a trick on, with the prefix <i>ge-</i>;
akin to AS. <i>gel&amacr;can</i>, Sw. <i>leka</i> to play, Dan.
<i>lege</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A jest or scoff; a trick or
deception.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where's the Bastard's braves, and Charles his
<i>gleeks</i> ?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Glicke</u>] <def>An enticing look or
glance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A pretty <i>gleek</i> coming from Pallas'
eye.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gleek</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make sport; to
gibe; to sneer; to spend time idly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gleek</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>glic</i>, G.
<i>gl&uuml;ck</i>, fortune. See <u>Luck</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A game at cards, once popular, played by
three persons.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Pepys. Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Three of the same cards held in the same
hand; -- hence, three of anything.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Glee"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gleemen</b></plw> (#). [<i>Glee</i> + <i>man</i>; AS.
<i>gle&oacute;man</i>.] <def>A name anciently given to an itinerant
minstrel or musician.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gleen</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Glance</u>,
<u>Glint</u>.] <def>To glisten; to gleam.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glee"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Merry; joyous;
gleeful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gleet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>glette</i>,
<i>glet</i>, <i>glat</i>, mucus, pus, filth, OF. <i>glete</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A transparent mucous discharge from the membrane
of the urethra, commonly an effect of gonorrhea.</def>
<i>Hoblyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gleet</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
flow in a thin, limpid humor; to ooze, as gleet.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To flow slowly, as water.</def>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gleet"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ichorous; thin;
limpid.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gleg</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>gl&ouml;ggr</i>.] <def>Quick of perception; alert; sharp.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gleire</hw> (?), <hw>Gleyre</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Glair</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Celtic origin; cf. W.
<i>glyn</i> a deep valley, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>gleann</i> valley, glen.]
<def>A secluded and narrow valley; a dale; a depression between
hills.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And wooes the widow's daughter of the
<i>glen</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Glen*liv"at</hw> (?), <hw>Glen*liv"et</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of Scotch whisky, named from the
district in which it was first made.</def>  <i>W. E. Aytoun.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gle"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; socket
of a joint + &?; form; cf. F. <i>gl&eacute;no&iuml;de</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the form of a smooth and shallow
depression; socketlike; -- applied to several articular surfaces of
bone; as, the <i>glenoid</i> cavity, or fossa, of the scapula, in
which the head of the humerus articulates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gle*noid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Glenoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Glint</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gleu*com"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; must +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>gleucom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument
for measuring the specific gravity and ascertaining the quantity of
sugar contained in must.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Glue</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gley</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>gli&yogh;en</i>, <i>glien</i>, <i>gleien</i>, to shine, to squint;
cf. Icel. <i>glj&amacr;</i> to glitter.] <def>To squint; to look
obliquely; to overlook things.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gley</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Asquint; askance;
obliquely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gli"a*din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; glue: cf. F.
<i>gliadine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Vegetable glue or gelatin;
glutin. It is one of the constituents of wheat gluten, and is a
tough, amorphous substance, which resembles animal glue or
gelatin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glib</hw> (gl&ibreve;b), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Glibber</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Glibbest</u> (?).] [Prob. fr. D.
<i>glibberen</i>, <i>glippen</i>, to slide, <i>glibberig</i>,
<i>glipperig</i>, glib, slippery.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Smooth; slippery; as, ice is
<i>glib</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Speaking or spoken smoothly and with
flippant rapidity; fluent; voluble; as, a <i>glib</i> tongue; a
<i>glib</i> speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I want that <i>glib</i> and oily art,<BR>
To speak and purpose not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Slippery; smooth; fluent; voluble; flippant.</p>

<p><hw>Glib</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make glib.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glib</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>glib</i> a
lock of hair.] <def>A thick lock of hair, hanging over the
eyes.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Irish have, from the Scythians, mantles and long
<i>glibs</i>, which is a thick curied bush of hair hanging down over
their eyes, and monstrously disguising them.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their wild costume of the <i>glib</i> and
mantle.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glib</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. O. &amp; Prov. E.
<i>lib</i> to castrate, geld, Prov. Dan. <i>live</i>, LG. &amp; OD.
<i>lubben</i>.] <def>To castrate; to geld; to emasculate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glib"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Slippery; changeable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My love is <i>glibbery</i>; there is no hold
on't.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moving easily; nimble; voluble.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy lubrical and <i>glibbery</i> muse.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glib"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a glib manner;
as, to speak <i>glibly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glib"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
glib.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glicke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gleek</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2, and Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>glic</i> wise, cunning,
crafty.] <def>An ogling look.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Glid"den</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Glide</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Glid"der</hw> (?), <hw>Glid"der*y</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Glide</u>.] <def>Giving no sure footing;
smooth; slippery.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Shingle, slates, and <i>gliddery</i>
stones.</blockquote> <i>R. D. Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The glede or kite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glide</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gliding</u>.] [AS. <i>gl&imacr;dan</i>; akin to D. <i>glijden</i>,
OHG. <i>gl&imacr;tan</i>, G. <i>gleiten</i>, Sw. <i>glida</i>, Dan.
<i>glide</i>, and prob. to E. <i>glad</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move gently and smoothly; to pass along
without noise, violence, or apparent effort; to pass rapidly and
easily, or with a smooth, silent motion, as a river in its channel, a
bird in the air, a skater over ice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The river <i>glideth</i> at his own sweet
will.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>To pass with a glide, as
the voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glide</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or manner of moving smoothly, swiftly, and without labor or
obstruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They prey at last ensnared, he dreadful darts,<BR>
With rapid <i>glide</i>, along the leaning line.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Seeing Orlando, it unlink'd itself,<BR>
And with indented <i>glides</i> did slip away.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A transitional sound in
speech which is produced by the changing of the mouth organs from one
definite position to another, and with gradual change in the most
frequent cases; as in passing from the begining to the end of a
regular diphthong, or from vowel to consonant or consonant to vowel
in a syllable, or from one component to the other of a double or
diphthongal consonant (see <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>,
&sect;&sect; 19, 161, 162). Also (by Bell and others), the vanish (or
brief final element) or the brief initial element, in a class of
diphthongal vowels, or the brief final or initial part of some
consonants (see <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 18, 97,
191).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>on-glide</i> of a vowel or consonant is the
glidemade in passing to it, the <i>off-glide</i>, one made in passing
from it. Glides of the other sort are distinguished as <i>initial</i>
or <i>final</i>, or <i>fore-glides</i> and <i>after-glides</i>. For
<i>voice-glide</i>, see <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect;
17, 95.</p>

<p><hw>Glid"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Glide</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, glides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glid"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a gliding
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gliff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>gliffen</i>,
<i>gliften</i>, to look with fear at.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
transient glance; an unexpected view of something that startles one;
a sudden fear.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A moment: as, for a <i>gliff</i>.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gleek</u> a
jest.] <def>A sneer; a flout.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Glim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Brightness; splendor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A light or candle.</def> [Slang]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Douse the glim</b></col>, <cd>put out the light.</cd>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Glim"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glimmered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glimmering</u>.] [Akin to G. <i>glimmer</i> a faint, trembling
light, mica, <i>glimmern</i> to glimmer, <i>glimmen</i> to shine
faintly, glow, Sw. <i>glimma</i>, Dan. <i>glimre</i>, D.
<i>glimmen</i>, <i>glimpen</i>. See <u>Gleam</u> a ray, and cf.
<u>Glimpse</u>.] <def>To give feeble or scattered rays of light; to
shine faintly; to show a faint, unsteady light; as, the
<i>glimmering</i> dawn; a <i>glimmering</i> lamp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The west yet <i>glimmers</i> with some streaks of
day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To gleam; to glitter. See <u>Gleam</u>,
<u>Flash</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Glim"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
faint, unsteady light; feeble, scattered rays of light; also, a
gleam.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gloss of satin and <i>glimmer</i> of
pearls.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mica. See <u>Mica</u>.</def>
<i>Woodsward.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Glimmer gowk</b></col>, <cd>an owl.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glim"mer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Faint, unsteady light; a glimmer.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A faint view or idea; a glimpse; an
inkling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glimpse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>glimse</i>,
from the root of <i>glimmer</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden flash; transient
luster.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>LIght as the lightning <i>glimpse</i> they
ran.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A short, hurried view; a transitory or
fragmentary perception; a quick sight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here hid by shrub wood, there by <i>glimpses</i>
seen.</blockquote> <i>S. Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A faint idea; an inkling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glimpse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glimpsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glimpsing</u>.] <def>to appear by glimpses; to catch
glimpses.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glimpse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To catch a glimpse
of; to see by glimpses; to have a short or hurried view of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>glimpsing</i> and no perfect
sight.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>glent</i>.]
<def>A glimpse, glance, or gleam.</def> [Scot.] "He saw a
<i>glint</i> of light."  <i>Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glinted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glinting</u>.] [OE. <i>glenten</i>.  Cf. <u>Glance</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, <u>Glitter</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To
glance; to peep forth, as a flower from the bud; to glitter.</def>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To glance; to turn;
as, to <i>glint</i> the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gli*o"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
glue + <i>-oma</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor springing from the
neuroglia or connective tissue of the brain, spinal cord, or other
portions of the nervous system.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gli"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., dormice.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of mammals; the Rodentia.</def> --
<wf>Gli"rine</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Glis`sade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>glisser</i> to slip.] <def>A sliding, as down a snow slope in the
Alps.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glis*san"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> [As if It. =
Fr. <i>glissant</i> sliding.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A gliding effect;
gliding.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Glis*sette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>glisser</i> to slip.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The locus described by
any point attached to a curve that slips continuously on another
fixed curve, the movable curve having no rotation at any
instant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Glisten</u>.]
<def>Glimmer; mica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glis"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glistened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glistening</u> (?).] [OE. <i>glistnian</i>, akin to
<i>glisnen</i>, <i>glisien</i>, AS. <i>glisian</i>, <i>glisnian</i>,
akin to E. <i>glitter</i>. See <u>Glitter</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Glister</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>To sparkle or shine; especially, to shine with a mild, subdued,
and fitful luster; to emit a soft, scintillating light; to gleam; as,
the <i>glistening</i> stars.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Flash</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Glis"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glistered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glistering</u>.] [OE. <i>glistren</i>; akin to G.
<i>glistern</i>,<i>glinstern</i>, D. <i>glinsteren</i>, and E.
<i>glisten</i>. See <u>Glisten</u>.] <def>To be bright; to sparkle;
to be brilliant; to shine; to glisten; to glitter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that <i>glisters</i> is not gold.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glis"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Glitter;
luster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glis"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>glistere</i>.]
Same as <u>Clyster</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Glis"ter*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
glistering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glittered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glittering</u>.] [OE. <i>gliteren</i>; akin to Sw. <i>glittra</i>,
Icel. <i>glitra</i>, <i>glita</i>, AS. <i>glitenian</i>, OS.
<i>gl&imacr;tan</i>, OHG. <i>gl&imacr;zzan</i>, G. <i>gleissen</i>,
Goth. <i>glitmunjan</i>, and also to E. <i>glint</i>, <i>glisten</i>,
and prob. <i>glance</i>, <i>gleam</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sparkle with light; to shine with a
brilliant and broken light or showy luster; to gleam; as, a
<i>glittering</i> sword.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The field yet <i>glitters</i> with the pomp of
war.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be showy, specious, or striking, and
hence attractive; as, the <i>glittering</i> scenes of a
court.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To gleam; to glisten; to shine; to sparkle; to
glare. See <u>Gleam</u>, <u>Flash</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Glit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bright, sparkling
light; brilliant and showy luster; brilliancy; as, the <i>glitter</i>
of arms; the <i>glitter</i> of royal equipage.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glit"ter*and</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Glittering.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glit"ter*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
glittering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gloam</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Gloom</u>,
<u>Glum</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To begin to grow dark; to grow
dusky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be sullen or morose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gloam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The twilight;
gloaming.</def> [R.]  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloam"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gloom</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Twilight; dusk; the fall of the
evening.</def> [Scot. &amp; North of Eng., and in poetry.]
<i>Hogg.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sullenness; melancholy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>J. Still.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OD. gloeren, glueren,
gluyeren.  Cf. <u>Glower</u>.] <def>To squint; to stare.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gloat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gloated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gloating</u>.] [Akin to Icel. <i>glotta</i> to smile scornfully,
G. <i>glotzen</i> to gloat.] <def>To look steadfastly; to gaze
earnestly; -- usually in a bad sense, to gaze with malignant
satisfaction, passionate desire, lust, or avarice.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>In vengeance <i>gloating</i> on another's
pain.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glo"bard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>globerde</i>,
from <i>glow</i>.] <def>A glowworm.</def> [>Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Glo"bate</hw> (?), <hw>Glo"ba*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>globatus</i>, p. p. of <i>globare</i> to
make into a ball, fr. <i>globus</i> ball.] <def>Having the form of a
globe; spherical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Globe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>globus</i>, perh.
akin to L. <i>glomus</i> a ball of yarn, and E. <i>clump</i>,
<i>golf</i>: cf. F. <i>globe</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A round or spherical body, solid or
hollow; a body whose surface is in every part equidistant from the
center; a ball; a sphere.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which is nearly spherical or
globular in shape; as, the <i>globe</i> of the eye; the <i>globe</i>
of a lamp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The earth; the terraqueous ball; --
usually preceded by the definite article.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A round model of the world; a spherical
representation of the earth or heavens; as, a terrestrial or
celestial <i>globe</i>; -- called also <i>artificial
globe</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A body of troops, or of men or animals,
drawn up in a circle; -- a military formation used by the Romans,
answering to the modern infantry square.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Him round<BR>
A <i>globe</i> of fiery seraphim inclosed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Globe amaranth</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the
genus <i>Gomphrena</i> (<i>G. globosa</i>), bearing round heads of
variously colored flowers, which long retain color when
gathered.</cd> -- <col><b>Globe animalcule</b></col>, <cd>a small,
globular, locomotive organism (<i>Volvox globator</i>), once throught
to be an animal, afterward supposed to be a colony of microscopic
alg&aelig;.</cd> -- <col><b>Globe of compression</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a kind of mine producing a wide crater; -- called
also <i>overcharged mine</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Globe daisy</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant or flower of the genus <i>Globularing</i>,
common in Europe. The flowers are minute and form globular
heads.</cd> -- <col><b>Globe sight</b></col>, <cd>a form of front
sight placed on target rifles.</cd> -- <col><b>Globe slater</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an isopod crustacean of the genus
<i>Spheroma</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Globe thistle</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a thistlelike plant with the flowers in large
globular heads (<i>Cynara Scolymus</i>); also, certain species of the
related genus <i>Echinops</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Globe valve</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A ball valve.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
valve inclosed in a globular chamber.</cd> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><! p. 631 !></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Globe</u>, <u>Sphere</u>, <u>Orb</u>,
<u>Ball</u>.  -- <i>Globe</i> denotes a round, and usually a solid
body; <i>sphere</i> is the term applied in astronomy to such a body,
or to the concentric spheres or orbs of the old astronomers;
<i>orb</i> is used, especially in poetry, for globe or sphere, and
also for the pathway of a heavenly body; <i>ball</i> is applied to
the heavenly bodies concieved of as impelled through space.</p>

<p><hw>Globe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Globed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Globing</u>.] <def>To gather or form into a globe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Globe"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A plectognath fish of the genera <i>Diodon</i>, <i>Tetrodon</i>,
and allied genera. The globefishes can suck in water or air and
distend the body to a more or less globular form. Called also
<i>porcupine fish</i>, and <i>sea hedgehog</i>. See
<u>Diodon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Globe"flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plant of the genus <i>Trollius</i> (<i>T.
Europ&aelig;us</i>), found in the mountainous parts of Europe, and
producing handsome globe-shaped flowers.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The American plant <i>Trollius laxus</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Japan globeflower</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Corchorus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Globe"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like
a globe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glo*bif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Globe</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a round or globular
tip.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Glo*big`e*ri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Globigerin&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>globus</i> a
round body + <i>gerere</i> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus
of small Foraminifera, which live abundantly at or near the surface
of the sea. Their dead shells, falling to the bottom, make up a large
part of the soft mud, generally found in depths below 3,000 feet, and
called <i>globigerina ooze</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Foraminifera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glo*bose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>globosus</i>.]
<def>Having a rounded form resembling that of a globe; globular, or
nearly so; spherical.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glo*bose"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a globular
manner; globularly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glo*bos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>globositas</i>: cf. F. <i>globosit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Sphericity.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glo"bous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Globose</u>.]
<def>Spherical.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glob"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>globulaire</i>.] <def>Globe-shaped; having the form of a ball or
sphere; spherical, or nearly so; as, <i>globular</i> atoms.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Globular chart</b></col>, <cd>a chart of the earth's
surface constructed on the principles of the globular
projection.</cd> -- <col><b>Globular projection</b></col> <i>(Map
Projection)</i>, <cd>a perspective projection of the surface of a
hemisphere upon a plane parallel to the base of the hemisphere, the
point of sight being taken in the axis produced beyond the surface of
the opposite hemisphere a distance equal to the radius of the sphere
into the sine of 45&deg;.</cd> -- <col><b>Globular sailing</b></col>,
<cd>sailing on the arc of a great circle, or so as to make the
shortest distance between two places; circular sailing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Glob`u*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being globular; globosity; sphericity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glob"u*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Spherically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glob"u*lar*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sphericity;
globosity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glob"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>globulus</i>,
dim. of <i>globus</i> globe: cf. F. <i>globule</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little globe; a small particle of matter,
of a spherical form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Globules</i> of snow.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These minute <i>globules</i> [a mole's eyes] are sunk
. . . deeply in the skull.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A minute spherical or
rounded structure; as blood, lymph, and pus corpuscles, minute fungi,
spores, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A little pill or pellet used by
homeopathists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glob"u*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
globule.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glob`u*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Globule</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing globules; in geology,
used of rocks, and denoting a variety of concretionary structure,
where the concretions are isolated globules and evenly distributed
through the texture of the rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glob`u*lim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Globule</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An
instrument for measuring the number of red blood corpuscles in the
blood.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The method depends on the differences of tint obtained by
mixing a sample of the blood with sodium carbonate solution.</p>

<p><hw>Glob"u*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Globule</u>: cf. F. <i>globuline</i>.] <i>(Phisiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>An albuminous body, insoluble in water, but soluble in dilute
solutions of salt. It is present in the red blood corpuscles united
with h&aelig;matin to form h&aelig;moglobin. It is also found in the
crystalline lens of the eye, and in blood serum, and is sometimes
called <i>crystallin</i>. In the plural the word is applied to a
group of proteid substances such as vitellin, myosin, fibrinogen,
etc., all insoluble in water, but soluble in dilute salt
solutions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glob"u*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Globule</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A rudimentary form of
crystallite, spherical in shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glob"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>globuleux</i>.] <def>Globular; spherical; orbicular.</def> --
<wf>Glob"u*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Glob"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling, or
pertaining to, a globe; round; orbicular.</def> "The <i>globy</i>
sea."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glo*chid"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; point
of an arrow.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having barbs; as, <i>glochidiate</i>
bristles.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Glo*chid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Glochidia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the point of an
arrow.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva or young of the mussel,
formerly thought to be a parasite upon the parent's gills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glode</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Glide</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Glombe</hw> (?), <hw>Glome</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To gloom; to look gloomy, morose, or sullen.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gloom.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Glome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>glomus</i> a ball.
Cf. <u>Globe</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the two prominences at
the posterior extremity of the frog of the horse's foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glom"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glomeratus</i>, p. p. of <i>glomerare</i> to glomerate, from
<i>glomus</i>. See 3d <u>Glome</u>.] <def>Gathered together in a
roundish mass or dense cluster; conglomerate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glom"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Glomerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Glomerating</u> (?).] <def>To gather or wind
into a ball; to collect into a spherical form or mass, as
threads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glom`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glomeratio</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of forming or gathering into a
ball or round mass; the state of being gathered into a ball;
conglomeration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is formed into a ball; a
ball.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glom"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glomerosus</i>, fr. <i>glomus</i>. See 3d <u>Glome</u>.]
<def>Gathered or formed into a ball or round mass.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glom"er*ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. fr. L.
<i>glomus</i> ball.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A head or dense cluster of
flowers, formed by condensation of a cyme, as in the flowering
dogwood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A glomerulus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Glo*mer"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Glomeruli</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>glomus</i>. See
3d <u>Glome</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The bunch of looped capillary
blood vessels in a Malpighian capsule of the kidney.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glom`u*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glomus</i> a ball + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having
small clusters of minutely branched coral-like excrescences.</def>
<i>M. C. Cooke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Glon"o*in</hw> <hw>Glon"o*ine</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gl</i>ycerin + <i>o</i>xygen +
<i>n</i>itrogen + <i>-in</i>, <i>-ine</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Nitroglycerin</u>; -- called
also <i>oil of glonoin</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A dilute solution of
nitroglycerin used as a neurotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gloom</hw> (gl&oomac;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>gl&omacr;m</i> twilight, from the root of E. <i>glow</i>. See
<u>Glow</u>, and cf. <u>Glum</u>, <u>Gloam</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Partial or total darkness; thick shade;
obscurity; as, the <i>gloom</i> of a forest, or of
midnight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shady, gloomy, or dark place or
grove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before a <i>gloom</i> of stubborn-shafted
oaks.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson .</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cloudiness or heaviness of mind;
melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sullen <i>gloom</i> and furious disorder prevailed
by fits.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In gunpowder manufacture, the drying
oven.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Darkness; dimness; obscurity; heaviness; dullness;
depression; melancholy; dejection; sadness. See <u>Darkness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Gloom</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gloomed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glooming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shine or appear
obscurely or imperfectly; to glimmer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become dark or dim; to be or appear
dismal, gloomy, or sad; to come to the evening twilight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The black gibbet <i>glooms</i> beside the
way.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[This weary day] . . . at last I see it
<i>gloom</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloom</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
render gloomy or dark; to obscure; to darken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bow window . . . <i>gloomed</i> with
limes.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A black yew <i>gloomed</i> the stagnant
air.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill with gloom; to make sad, dismal,
or sullen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a mood as that which lately <i>gloomed</i><BR>
Your fancy.</blockquote> <i>Tennison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What sorrows <i>gloomed</i> that parting
day.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloom"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a gloomy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gloom"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
gloomy.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloom"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gloaming</u>.]
<def>Twilight (of morning or evening); the gloaming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the faint <i>glooming</i> in the sky<BR>
First lightened into day.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The balmy <i>glooming</i>, crescent-lit.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloomth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gloom.</def> [R.]
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloom"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Gloomier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Gloomiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Imperfectly illuminated; dismal through obscurity or darkness;
dusky; dim; clouded; as, the cavern was <i>gloomy</i>.</def> "Though
hid in <i>gloomiest</i> shade."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with, or expressing, gloom;
melancholy; dejected; as, a <i>gloomy</i> temper or
countenance.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dark; dim; dusky; dismal; cloudy; moody; sullen;
morose; melancholy; sad; downcast; depressed; dejected;
disheartened.</p>

<p><hw>Glop"pen</hw> (gl&obreve;p"p<i>e</i>n), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>glopnen</i> to be frightened, frighten: cf.
Icel. <i>gl&umacr;pna</i> to look downcast.] <def>To surprise or
astonish; to be startled or astonished.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glore</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Gloar</u>.]
<def>To glare; to glower.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Glo"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., glory.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A doxology (beginning
<i>Gloria Patri</i>, Glory be to the Father), sung or said at the end
of the Psalms in the service of the Roman Catholic and other
churches.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A portion of the Mass
(<i>Gloria in Excelsis Deo</i>, Glory be to God on high), and also of
the communion service in some churches. In the Episcopal Church the
version in English is used.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
musical setting of a gloria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glo`ri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gloriatio</i>, from <i>gloriari</i> to glory, boast, fr.
<i>gloria</i> glory. See <u>Glory</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Boast; a triumphing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Richardson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Internal <i>gloriation</i> or triumph of the
mind.</blockquote> <i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glo"ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Glory</u>.]
<def>Illustrious; honorable; noble.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glo`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glorificatio</i>: cf. F. <i>glorification</i>. See
<u>Glorify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of glorifying or of
giving glory to.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being glorifed; as, the
<i>glorification</i> of Christ after his resurrection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glo"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glorified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glorifying</u>.] [F. <i>glorifier</i>, L. <i>glorificare</i>;
<i>gloria</i> glory + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-
fy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make glorious by bestowing glory upon;
to confer honor and distinction upon; to elevate to power or
happiness, or to celestial glory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jesus was not yet <i>glorified</i>.</blockquote>
<i>John vii. 39.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make glorious in thought or with the
heart, by ascribing glory to; to acknowledge the excellence of; to
render homage to; to magnify in worship; to adore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That we for thee may <i>glorify</i> the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glo"ri*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gloriola</i>
a small glory, dim. of <i>gloria</i> glory.] <def>An aureole.</def>
[R.]  <i>Msr. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Glo`ri*o"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Nl., fr. L.
<i>gloriosus</i>. See <u>Glorious</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
climbing plants with very showy lilylike blossoms, natives of
India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glo`ri*o"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>gloriosus</i> boastful.] <def>A boaster.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Greene.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Glo`ri*o"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A
boaster.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glo"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>glorios</i>,
<i>glorious</i>, F. <i>glorieux</i>, fr. L. <i>gloriosus</i>. See
<u>Glory</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts
that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent;
splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, <i>glorious</i>
deeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These are thy <i>glorious</i> works, Parent of good
!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Eager for glory or distinction; haughty;
boastful; ostentatious; vainglorious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Most miserable<BR>
Is the desire that's <i>glorious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ecstatic; hilarious; elated with
drink.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>kings may be blest, but Tam was <i>glorious</i>,<BR>
O'er all the ills of life victorious.</blockquote> <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>During his office treason was no crime,<BR>
The sons of Belial had a <i>glorious</i> time.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Eniment; noble; excellent; renowned; illustrious;
celebrated; magnificent; grand; splendid.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Glo"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Glo"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sing ye to the Lord, for he hath triumphed
<i>gloriously</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xv. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I speak it not <i>gloriously</i>, nor out of
affectation.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glo"ry</hw> (gl&omacr;"r&ybreve;; 111), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>glorie</i>, OF. <i>glorie</i>, <i>gloire</i>, F.
<i>gloire</i>, fr. L. <i>gloria</i>; prob. akin to Gr.
<grk>kle`os</grk>, Skr. <i>&ccedil;ravas</i> glory, praise,
<i>&ccedil;ru</i> to hear. See <u>Loud</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Praise, honor, admiration, or distinction,
accorded by common consent to a person or thing; high reputation;
honorable fame; renown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Glory</i> to God in the highest.</blockquote>
<i>Luke ii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Spread his <i>glory</i> through all countries
wide.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That quality in a person or thing which
secures general praise or honor; that which brings or gives renown;
an object of pride or boast; the occasion of praise; excellency;
brilliancy; splendor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Think it no <i>glory</i> to swell in
tyranny.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jewels lose their <i>glory</i> if
neglected.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your sex's <i>glory</i> 't is to shine
unknown.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pride; boastfulness; arrogance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>glory</i> of thy fortunes.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The presence of the Divine Being; the
manifestations of the divine nature and favor to the blessed in
heaven; celestial honor; heaven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt guide me with thy counsel, and afterward
receive me to <i>glory</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxiii. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An emanation of light supposed to proceed
from beings of peculiar sanctity. It is represented in art by rays of
gold, or the like, proceeding from the head or body, or by a disk, or
a mere line.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This is the general term; when confined to the head it is
properly called <i>nimbus</i>; when encircling the whole body,
<i>aureola</i> or <i>aureole</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Glory hole</b></col>, <cd>an opening in the wall of a
glass furnace, exposing the brilliant white light of the
interior.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Glory pea</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the name of two leguminous plants (<i>Clianthus
Dampieri</i> and <i>C. puniceus</i>) of Australia and New Zeland.
They have showy scarlet or crimson flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Glory
tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to several species of
the verbenaceous genus <i>Clerodendron</i>, showy flowering shrubs of
tropical regions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Glo"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gloried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glorying</u>.] [OE. <i>glorien</i>, OF. <i>glorier</i>, fr. L.
<i>gloriari</i>, fr. <i>gloria</i> glory. See <u>Glory</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exult with joy; to rejoice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Glory</i> ye in his holy name.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
cv.&?;</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To boast; to be proud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God forbid that I should <i>glory</i>, save in the
cross of our Lord Jesus Christ.</blockquote> <i>Gal. vi. 14</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No one . . . should <i>glory</i> in his
prosperity.</blockquote> <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gloze</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Glosser</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gloss</hw> (gl&obreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>glossi</i> a blaze, <i>glys</i> finery, MHG. <i>glosen</i> to
glow, G. <i>glosten</i> to glimmer; perh. akin to E. <i>glass</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Brightness or luster of a body proceeding
from a smooth surface; polish; as, the <i>gloss</i> of silk; cloth is
calendered to give it a <i>gloss</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is no part . . . to set on the face of this cause
any fairer <i>gloss</i> than the naked truth doth
afford.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A specious appearance; superficial quality
or show.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To me more dear, congenial to my heart,<BR>
One native charm than all the <i>gloss</i> of art.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloss</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glossed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glossing</u>.] <def>To give a superficial luster or gloss to; to
make smooth and shining; as, to <i>gloss</i> cloth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>glossed</i> and gleamy wave.</blockquote> <i>J.
R. Drake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>glose</i>, F.
<i>glose</i>, L. <i>glossa</i> a difficult word needing explanation,
fr. Gr. &?; tongue, language, word needing explanation.  Cf.
<u>Gloze</u>, <u>Glossary</u>, <u>Glottis</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A foreign, archaic, technical, or other
uncommon word requiring explanation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An interpretation, consisting of one or
more words, interlinear or marginal; an explanatory note or comment;
a running commentary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All this, without a <i>gloss</i> or comment,<BR>
He would unriddle in a moment.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Explaining the text in short
<i>glosses</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A false or specious explanation.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 632 !></p>

<p><hw>Gloss</hw> (gl&obreve;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render clear and evident by comments; to
illustrate; to explain; to annotate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a specious appearance to; to
render specious and plausible; to palliate by specious
explanation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have the art to <i>gloss</i> the foulest
cause.</blockquote> <i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloss</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make comments; to comment; to explain.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make sly remarks, or
insinuations.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Glos"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gloss&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the tongue.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The tongue, or lingua, of an insect. See
<u>Hymenoptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the tongue; lingual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos*san"thrax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; tongue
+ E. <i>anthrax</i>: cf. F. <i>glossanthrax</i>.] <def>A disease of
horses and cattle accompanied by carbuncles in the mouth and on the
tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos*sa"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to glosses or to a glossary; containing a
glossary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos*sa"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of a glossary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos"sa*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
glosses or of a glossary; a commentator; a scholiast.</def>
<i>Tyrwhitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glos"sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gossaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>glossarium</i>, fr.
<i>glossa</i>: cf. F. <i>glossaire</i>. See 3d <u>Gloss</u>.] <def>A
collection of glosses or explanations of words and passages of a work
or author; a partial dictionary of a work, an author, a dialect, art,
or science, explaining archaic, technical, or other uncommon
words.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Glos*sa"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Glossa</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Lepidoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos*sa"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. See 3d
<u>Gloss</u>.] <def>A writer of glosses or comments; a
commentator.</def> [R.] "The . . . <i>glossators</i> of Aristotle."
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloss"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See lst
<u>Gloss</u>.] <def>A polisher; one who gives a luster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gloss"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Gloss</u>.]
<def>A writer of glosses; a scholiast; a commentator.</def>  <i>L.
Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glos"sic</hw> (gl&obreve;s"s&ibreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>glossa</i> a word requiring a gloss. See 3d <u>Gloss</u>.]
<def>A system of phonetic spelling based upon the present values of
English letters, but invariably using one symbol to represent one
sound only.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ingglish <i>Glosik</i> konvai&middot;z
hwotev&middot;er proanusiai&middot;shon iz inten&middot;ded bei dhi
reiter.</blockquote> <i>A. J. Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloss"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a glossy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gloss"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Glossy</u>.]
<def>The condition or quality of being glossy; the luster or
brightness of a smooth surface.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloss"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
comments.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Glos*si"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; tongue + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gloss"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like gloss;
specious.</def>  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Glos*soc"o*mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a kind of case.] <def>A kind of hoisting winch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos`so*ep`i*glot"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
tongue + E. <i>epiglottic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
both tongue and epiglottis; as, <i>glossoepiglottic</i>
folds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos"sog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
tongue + &?; to write. See 3d <u>Gloss</u>.] <def>A writer of a
glossary; a commentator; a scholiast.</def>  <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glos`so*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to glossography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos"sog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Glossographer</u>.] <def>The writing of glossaries, glosses, or
comments for illustrating an author.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos`so*hy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
tongue + the letter &?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to both the
hyoidean arch and the tongue; -- applied to the anterior segment of
the hyoidean arch in many fishes. -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> The
glossohyal bone or cartilage; lingual bone; entoglossal
bone.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Glos`so*la"li*a</hw> (?), <hw>Glos*sol"a*ly</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; tongue + &?; talk: cf. F.
<i>glossolalie</i>.] <def>The gift of tongues.
<i>Farrar</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos`so*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to glossology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos*sol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
defines and explains terms; one who is versed in
glossology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos*sol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; tongue +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>glossologie</i>. See 3d <u>Gloss</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The definition and explanation of terms; a
glossary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The science of language; comparative
philology; linguistics; glottology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glos`so*phar`yn*ge"al</hw>
(gl&obreve;s"d&osl;*f&abreve;r`&ibreve;n*j&emacr;"<i>a</i>l <i>or</i>
-f&adot;*r&ibreve;n"j&esl;*<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>glw^ssa</grk> the tongue + E. <i>pharyngeal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to both the tongue and the pharynx; -- applied
especially to the ninth pair of cranial nerves, which are distributed
to the pharynx and tongue.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of
the glossopharyngeal nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gloss"y</hw> (gl&obreve;s"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Glossier</u> (-&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Glossiest</u>.] [See <u>Gloss</u>
luster.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Smooth and shining; reflecting
luster from a smooth surface; highly polished; lustrous; as,
<i>glossy</i> silk; a <i>glossy</i> surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Smooth; specious; plausible; as,
<i>glossy</i> deceit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glost" ov`en</hw> (?). <def>An oven in which glazed pottery is
fired; -- also called <i>glaze kiln</i>, or <i>glaze</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glot"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to, or produced by, the glottis; glottic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glottal catch</b></col>, <cd>an effect produced upon the
breath or voice by a sudden opening or closing of the glotts.</cd>
<i>Sweet.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Glot"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Glot*tid"e*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the glottis;
glottal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glot"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;, from &?;, &?;, the tongue. See <u>Gloss</u> an explanatory
remark.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The opening from the pharynx into the
larynx or into the trachea. See <u>Larynx</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glot`to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to glottology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glot*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
linguist; a philologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glot*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
the tongue + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of tongues or languages;
comparative philology; glossology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glout</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Scot.  Cf.
<u>Gloat</u>.] <def>To pout; to look sullen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glout</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To view
attentively; to gloat on; to stare at.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glove</hw> (gl&ubreve;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>glove</i>, <i>glofe</i>, AS. <i>gl&omacr;f</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>gl&omacr;fi</i>, cf. Goth. <i>l&omacr;fa</i> palm of the hand,
Icel. <i>l&omacr;fi</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cover for the hand, or for the hand and
wrist, with a separate sheath for each finger. The latter
characteristic distinguishes the <i>glove</i> from the
<i>mitten</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boxing glove.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Boxing glove</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Boxing</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Glove fight</b></col>, <cd>a pugilistic contest in which
the fighters wear boxing gloves.</cd> -- <col><b>Glove</b></col>
<col><b>money or silver</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A tip or
gratuity to servants, professedly to buy gloves with.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Eng. Law.)</i> <cd>A reward given to officers
of courts; also, a fee given by the sheriff of a county to the clerk
of assize and judge's officers, when there are no offenders to be
executed.</cd> -- <col><b>Glove sponge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a fine and soft variety of commercial sponges (<i>Spongia
officinalis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>To be hand and glove
with</b></col>, <cd>to be intimately associated or on good terms
with.</cd> "<i>Hand and glove with</i> traitors." <i>J. H.
Newman.</i> -- <col><b>To handle without gloves</b></col>, <cd>to
treat without reserve or tenderness; to deal roughly with.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>To take up the glove</b></col>, <cd>to accept a
challenge or adopt a quarrel.</cd> -- <col><b>To throw down the
glove</b></col>, <cd>to challenge to combat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Glove</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gloved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gloving</u>.] <def>To cover with, or as with, a glove.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose trade it
is to make or sell gloves.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glover's</b></col> <col><b>suture or stitch</b></col>,
<cd>a kind of stitch used in sewing up wounds, in which the thread is
drawn alternately through each side from within outward.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Glow</hw> (gl&omacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Glowed</u> (gl&omacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Glowing</u>.] [AS. <i>gl&omacr;wan</i>; akin to D.
<i>gloeijen</i>, OHG. <i>gluoen</i>, G. <i>gl&uuml;hen</i>, Icel.
<i>gl&omacr;a</i>, Dan. <i>gloende</i> glowing. &radic;94.  Cf.
<u>Gloom</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shine with an intense or white heat; to
give forth vivid light and heat; to be incandescent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Glows</i> in the stars, and blossoms in the
trees.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit a strong, bright color; to be
brilliant, as if with heat; to be bright or red with heat or
animation, with blushes, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Clad in a gown that <i>glows</i> with Tyrian
rays.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>glow</i> with shame of your
proceedings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To feel hot; to have a burning sensation,
as of the skin, from friction, exercise, etc.; to burn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did not his temples <i>glow</i><BR>
In the same sultry winds and acrching heats?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The cord slides swiftly through his <i>glowing</i>
hands.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To feel the heat of passion; to be
animated, as by intense love, zeal, anger, etc.; to rage, as passior;
as, the heart <i>glows</i> with love, zeal, or patriotism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With pride it mounts, and with revenge it
<i>glows</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Burns with one love, with one resentment
<i>glows</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make hot; to
flush.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fans, whose wind did seem<BR>
To <i>glow</i> the delicate cheeks which they did cool.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glow</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>White
or red heat; incandscence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Brightness or warmth of color; redness; a
rosy flush; as, the <i>glow</i> of health in the cheeks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Intense excitement or earnestness;
vehemence or heat of passion; ardor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The red <i>glow</i> of scorn.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Heat of body; a sensation of warmth, as
that produced by exercise, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glow"bard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Globard</u>.]
<def>The glowworm.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Glow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glowered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glowering</u>.] [Cf. <u>Gloar</u>.] <def>to look intently; to
stare angrily or with a scowl.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glow"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a glowing
manner; with ardent heat or passion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glow"lamp`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An aphlogistic lamp. See
<u>Aphlogistic</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Elect.)</i> <def>An incandescent lamp. See
<u>Incandescent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Glow"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A coleopterous insect of the genus <i>Lampyris</i>; esp., the
wingless females and larv&aelig; of the two European species (<i>L.
noctiluca</i>, and <i>L. splendidula</i>), which emit light from some
of the abdominal segments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a <i>glowworm</i> in the night,<BR>
The which hath fire in darkness, none in light.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The male is winged, and is supposed to be attracted by the
light of the female. In America, the luminous larv&aelig; of several
species of fireflies and fire beetles are called <i>glowworms</i>.
Both sexes of these are winged when mature. See <u>Firefly</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Glox*in"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>American genus of herbaceous plants with very
handsome bell-shaped blossoms; -- named after B. P. <i>Gloxin</i>, a
German botanist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gloze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glozed</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glozing</u>.] [OE. <i>glosen</i>, F. <i>gloser</i>. See
<u>gloss</u> explanation.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To flatter; to wheedle; to fawn; to talk
smoothly.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A false, <i>glozing</i> parasite.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>glozed</i> the tempter, and his proem
tuned.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a specious or false meaning; to
ministerpret.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To smooth over; to
palliate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>glozing</i> the evil that is in the
world.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Flattery; adulation; smooth speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now to plain dealing; lay these <i>glozes</i>
by.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specious show; gloss.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gloz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flatterer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gifford (1580).</i></p>

<p><hw>Glu"cic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sweet.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, sugar; as,
<i>glucic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu*ci"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>glycine</i>, <i>glucine</i>. So called because it forms sweet
salts. See <u>Glucinum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white or gray
tasteless powder, the oxide of the element glucinum; -- formerly
called <i>glucine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu*cin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, glucinum; as,
<i>glucinic</i> oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu*ci"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>glucinium</i>, <i>glycium</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, sweet.  Cf.
<u>Glycerin</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element, of a
silver white color, and low specific gravity (2.1), resembling
magnesium. It never occurs naturally in the free state, but is always
combined, usually with silica or alumina, or both; as in the minerals
phenacite, chrysoberyl, beryl or emerald, euclase, and danalite. It
was named from its oxide glucina, which was known long before the
element was isolated. Symbol Gl. Atomic weight 9.1. Called also
<i>beryllium</i>.</def> [Formerly written also <i>glucinium</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Glu"co*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.] <def>See
<u>Glycogen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu`co*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Glycogenesis.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Glu*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or derived from, glucose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gluconic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an organic
acid, obtained as a colorless, sirupy liquid, by the oxidation of
glucose; -- called also <i>maltonic acid</i>, and <i>dextronic
acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Glu"cose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sweet.  Cf.
<u>Glycerin</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A variety of sugar occurring in nature
very abundantly, as in ripe grapes, and in honey, and produced in
great quantities from starch, etc., by the action of heat and acids.
It is only about half as sweet as cane sugar. Called also
<i>dextrose</i>, <i>grape sugar</i>, <i>diabetic sugar</i>, and
<i>starch sugar</i>. See <u>Dextrose</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a large class of
sugars, isometric with glucose proper, and including levulose,
galactose, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The trade name of a sirup, obtained as an
uncrystallizable reside in the manufacture of glucose proper, and
containing, in addition to some dextrose or glucose, also maltose,
dextrin, etc. It is used as a cheap adulterant of sirups, beers,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu"co*side</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Glucose</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a large series of
amorphous or crystalline substances, occurring very widely
distributed in plants, rarely in animals, and regarded as influental
agents in the formation and disposition of the sugars. They are
frequently of a bitter taste, but, by the action of ferments, or of
dilute acids and alkalies, always break down into some characteristic
substance (acid, aldehyde, alcohol, phenole, or alkaloid) and
<i>glucose</i> (or some other sugar); hence the name. They are of the
nature of complex and compound ethers, and ethereal salts of the
sugar carbohydrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Glu`co*su"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. E.
<i>glucose</i> + Gr. &?; urine.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition in
which glucose is discharged in the urine; diabetes
mellitus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glue</hw> (gl&umacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>glu</i>, L.
<i>glus</i>, akin to <i>gluten</i>, from <i>gluere</i> to draw
together.  Cf. <u>Gluten</u>.] <def>A hard brittle brownish gelatin,
obtained by boiling to a jelly the skins, hoofs, etc., of animals.
When gently heated with water, it becomes viscid and tenaceous, and
is used as a cement for uniting substances. The name is also given to
other adhesive or viscous substances.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bee glue</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bee</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fish glue</b></col>, <cd>a strong kind of glue obtained from
fish skins and bladders; isinglass.</cd> -- <col><b>Glue
plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a fucoid seaweed (<i>Gloiopeltis
tenax</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Liquid glue</b></col>, <cd>a fluid
preparation of glue and acetic acid or alcohol.</cd> --
<col><b>Marine glue</b></col>, <cd>a solution of caoutchouc in
naphtha, with shellac, used in shipbuilding.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Glue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Glued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gluing</u>.] [F. <i>gluer</i>. See <u>Glue</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To join with glue or a viscous substance;
to cause to stick or hold fast, as if with glue; to fix or
fasten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This cold, congealed blood<BR>
That <i>glues</i> my lips, and will not let me speak.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glue"pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A utensil for
melting glue, consisting of an inner pot holding the glue, immersed
in an outer one containing water which is heated to soften the
glue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who cements
with glue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Viscous; glutinous;
of the nature of, or like, glue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu"ey*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Viscidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat gluey.</def>
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gloom</u>.]
<def>Sullenness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glum</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moody; silent;
sullen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I frighten people by my <i>glun</i> face.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glum</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To look sullen; to be
of a sour countenance; to be glum.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hawes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glu*ma"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>glumanc&eacute;</i>. See <u>Glume</u>.] <def>Having glumes;
consisting of glumes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Characterized by a glume, or having the nature of a
glume.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glume</hw> (gl&umacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gluma</i>
hull, husk, fr. <i>glubere</i> to bark or peel: cf. F. <i>glume</i>
or <i>gloume</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The bracteal covering of the
flowers or seeds of grain and grasses; esp., an outer husk or bract
of a spikelet.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Glu*mel"la</hw> (?), <hw>Glu"melle</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>glumelle</i>, dim. of <i>glume</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the palets or inner chaffy scales of the
flowers or spikelets of grasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glum"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a glum
manner; sullenly; moodily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glum"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Gloom</u>.]
<def>Dark; gloomy; dismal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Glum"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Moodiness;
sullenness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glump</hw> (gl&ubreve;mp), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Glum</u>.] <def>To manifest sullenness; to sulk.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 633 !></p>

<p><hw>Glump"y</hw> (gl&ubreve;mp"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Glum; sullen; sulky.</def> [Colloq.] "He was <i>glumpy</i>
enough."  <i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glunch</hw> (gl&ubreve;nch), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Glump</u>.] <def>Frowning; sulky; sullen.</def> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sullen, angry look; a look
of disdain or dislike.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Glut</hw> (gl&ubreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Glutted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Glutting</u>.] [OE. <i>glotten</i>, fr. OF. <i>glotir</i>,
<i>gloutir</i>, L. <i>glutire</i>, <i>gluttire</i>; cf. Gr. &?; to
eat, Skr. <i>gar</i>.  Cf. <u>Gluttion</u>, <u>Englut</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swallow, or to swallow greedlly; to
gorge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though every drop of water swear against it,<BR>
And gape at widest to <i>glut</i> him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill to satiety; to satisfy fully the
desire or craving of; to satiate; to sate; to cloy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His faithful heart, a bloody sacrifice,<BR>
Torn from his breast, to <i>glut</i> the tyrant's eyes.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The realms of nature and of art were ransacked to
<i>glut</i> the wonder, lust, and ferocity of a degraded
populace.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To glut the market</b></col>, <cd>to furnish an oversupply
of any article of trade, so that there is no sale for it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Glut</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To eat gluttonously or
to satiety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like three horses that have broken fence,<BR>
And <i>glutted</i> all night long breast-deep in corn.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glut</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is swallowed.</def>  <i>Milton</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plenty, to satiety or repletion; a full
supply; hence, often, a supply beyond sufficiency or to loathing;
over abundance; as, a <i>glut</i> of the market.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>glut</i> of those talents which raise men to
eminence.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something that fills up an opening; a
clog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A wooden wedge used in
splitting blocks.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>A piece of wood used to fill up behind cribbing
or tubbing.</def> <i>Raymond</i>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Bricklaying)</i> <def>A bat, or small piece of brick, used to
fill out a course.</def> <i>Knight.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An arched opening to the ashpit of a kiln.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A block used for a fulcrum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The broad-nosed eel
(<i>Anguilla latirostris</i>), found in Europe, Asia, the West
Indies, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu`ta*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Glut</i>aric
+ <i>acon</i>itic.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived
from, an acid intermediate between glutaric and aconitic
acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Glu*t&aelig;"us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Gluteal</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The great muscle of the buttock
in man and most mammals, and the corresponding muscle in many lower
animals.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In man, the <i>glut&aelig;us</i> is composed of three
distinct parts, which extend and abduct the thigh, and help support
the body in standing.</p>

<p><hw>Glu*tam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Glut</i>en +
<i>-amic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
gluten.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glutamic acid</b></col>, <cd>a nitrogenous organic acid
obtained from certain albuminoids, as gluten; -- called also
<i>amido-glutaric acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Glu*tar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Glut</i>amic +
tart<i>aric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, an acid so called; as, <i>glutaric</i> ethers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glutaric acid</b></col>, <cd>an organic acid obtained as a
white crystalline substance, isomeric with pyrotartaric acid; --
called also <i>normal pyrotartaric acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Glu"ta*zine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A nitrogenous substance, forming a heavy, sandy powder, white or
nearly so. It is a derivative of pyridine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu"te*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [G. &?; rump, pl.,
the buttocks.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or in the region
of, the glut&aelig;us.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., glue: cf. F.
<i>gluten</i>. See <u>Glue</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The viscid,
tenacious substance which gives adhesiveness to dough.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Gluten</i> is a complex and variable mixture of glutin
or gliadin, vegetable fibrin, vegetable casein, oily material, etc.,
and is a very nutritious element of food. It may be separated from
the flour of grain by subjecting this to a current of water, the
starch and other soluble matters being thus washed out.</p>

<p><col><b>Gluten bread</b></col>, <cd>bread containing a large
proportion of gluten; -- used in cases of diabetes.</cd> --
<col><b>Gluten casein</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a vegetable
proteid found in the seeds of grasses, and extracted as a dark,
amorphous, earthy mass.</cd> -- <col><b>Gluten fibrin</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a vegetable proteid found in the cereal grains,
and extracted as an amorphous, brownish yellow substance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Glu*te"us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Glut&aelig;us</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gluten</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Gliadin</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sometimes synonymous with
<u>Gelatin</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Glu"ti*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Glutinated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Glutinating</u>.] [L. <i>glutinatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>glutinare</i> to glue, fr. <i>gluten</i> glue.] <def>To unite with
glue; to cement; to stick together.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glu`ti*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glutinatio</i>: cf. F. <i>glutination</i>.] <def>The act of
uniting with glue; sticking together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu"ti*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glutinativus</i>: cf. F. <i>glutinatif</i>.] <def>Having the
quality of cementing; tenacious; viscous; glutinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu`ti*nos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>glutinosit&eacute;</i> .] <def>The quality of being glutinous;
viscousness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Glu"ti*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>glutinosus</i>, fr. <i>gluten</i> glue: cf. F. <i>glutineux</i>.
See <u>Gluten</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of glue; resembling glue;
viscous; viscid; adhesive; gluey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Havig a moist and adhesive
or sticky surface, as a leaf or gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glu"ti*nous*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being glutinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glut"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>glotoun</i>,
<i>glotun</i>, F. <i>glouton</i>, fr. L. <i>gluto</i>, <i>glutto</i>.
See <u>Glut</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who eats voraciously, or to excess; a
gormandizer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: One who gluts himself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gluttons</i> in murder, wanton to
destroy.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A carnivorous mammal
(<i>Gulo luscus</i>), of the family <i>Mustelid&aelig;</i>, about the
size of a large badger. It was formerly believed to be inordinately
voracious, whence the name; the wolverene. It is a native of the
northern parts of America, Europe, and Asia.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Glutton bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the giant
fulmar (<i>Ossifraga gigantea</i>); -- called also <i>Mother Carey's
goose</i>, and <i>mollymawk</i>.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Glut"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gluttonous;
greedy; gormandizing.</def> "<i>Glutton</i> souls."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>glutton</i> monastery in former ages makes a
hungry ministry in our days.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glut"ton</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To glut; to
eat voraciously.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gluttoned</i> at last, return at home to
pine.</blockquote> <i>Lovelace.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereon in Egypt <i>gluttoning</i> they
fed.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glut"ton*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gluttonous;
greedy.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glut"ton*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gluttonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gluttonizing</u> (?).] <def>To eat to excess; to eat
voraciously; to gormandize.</def>  <i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glut"ton*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to
gluttony; eating to excess; indulging the appetite; voracious; as, a
<i>gluttonous</i> age.</def> -- <wf>Glut"ton*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Glut"ton*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Glut"ton*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gluttonies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>glotonie</i>, OF.
<i>glotonie</i>, <i>gloutonnie</i>.] <def>Excess in eating;
extravagant indulgence of the appetite for food; voracity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their sumptuous <i>gluttonies</i>, and gorgeous
feasts.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glyc"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of glyceric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly*cer"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, glycerin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glyceric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an organic
acid, obtained by the partial oxidation of glycerin, as a thick
liquid. It is a hydroxyl derivative of propionic acid, and has both
acid and alcoholic properties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Glyc"er*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Glycerin</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound ether (formed from
<i>glycerin</i>). Some glycerides exist ready formed as natural fats,
others are produced artificially.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyc"er*in</hw>, <hw>Glyc"er*ine</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>glyc&eacute;rine</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>glykero`s</grk>, <grk>glyky`s</grk>, sweet.  Cf. <u>Glucose</u>,
<u>Licorice</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oily, viscous liquid,
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>(OH)<sub>3</sub>, colorless and odorless,
and with a hot, sweetish taste, existing in the natural fats and oils
as the base, combined with various acids, as oleic, margaric,
stearic, and palmitic. It is a triatomic alcohol, and hence is also
called <i>glycerol</i>. See Note under <u>Gelatin</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is obtained from fats by saponification, or, on a large
scale, by the action of superheated steam. It is used as an ointment,
as a solvent and vehicle for medicines, and as an adulterant in wine,
beer, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Glyc"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A medicinal preparation made by mixing or dissolving a substance
in glycerin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyc"er*ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Glycerin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyc"er*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>glyc&eacute;rol&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Glycerite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyc"er*yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Glycer</i>in +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound radical,
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>, regarded as the essential radical of
glycerin. It is metameric with allyl. Called also
<i>propenyl</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyc"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Glyc</i>eric +
anhydr<i>ide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless liquid, obtained
from certain derivatives of glycerin, and regarded as a partially
dehydrated glycerin; -- called also <i>glycidic
alcohol</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly*cid"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, glycide; as, <i>glycidic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>glyky`s</grk>
sweet.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Glycocoll</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly`co*cho"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Glyco</i>coll + <i>chol</i>ic.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of glycocholic acid; as, sodium <i>glycocholate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly`co*chol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or composed of, glycocoll and cholic
acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glycocholic acid</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
conjugate acid, composed of glycocoll and cholic acid, present in
bile in the form of a sodium salt. The acid commonly forms a resinous
mass, but can be crystallized in long, white needles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gly"co*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Glycoc</i>oll +
<i>-in</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Glycocoll</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly"co*coll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>glyky`s</grk> sweet + <grk>ko`lla</grk> glue.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline, nitrogenous substance, with a sweet
taste, formed from hippuric acid by boiling with hydrochloric acid,
and present in bile united with cholic acid. It is also formed from
gelatin by decomposition with acids. Chemically, it is amido-acetic
acid. Called also <i>glycin</i>, and <i>glycocin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly"co*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sweet +
<i>-gen</i>: cf. F. <i>glycog&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>A white, amorphous, tasteless substance resembling starch,
soluble in water to an opalescent fluid. It is found abundantly in
the liver of most animals, and in small quantity in other organs and
tissues, particularly in the embryo. It is quickly changed into sugar
when boiled with dilute sulphuric or hydrochloric acid, and also by
the action of amylolytic ferments.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Gly`co*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or caused by, glycogen; as, the <i>glycogenic</i> function of the
liver.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gly*cog"e*ny</hw> (?), <hw>Gly`co*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The production or
formation of sugar from gycogen, as in the liver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly"col</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Glycerin</i> + <i>-
ol</i>. See <u>Glycerin</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A thick, colorless liquid,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>, of a sweetish taste,
produced artificially from certain ethylene compounds. It is a diacid
alcohol, intermediate between ordinary ethyl alcohol and
glycerin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of the large class
of diacid alcohols, of which glycol proper is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly*col"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, glycol; as, <i>glycolic</i>
ether; <i>glycolic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glycolic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an organic
acid, found naturally in unripe grapes and in the leaves of the wild
grape (<i>Ampelopsis quinquefolia</i>), and produced artificially in
many ways, as by the oxidation of <i>glycol</i>, -- whence its name.
It is a sirupy, or white crystalline, substance,
HO.CH<sub>2</sub>.CO<sub>2</sub>H, has the properties both of an
alcohol and an acid, and is a type of the hydroxy acids; -- called
also <i>hydroxyacetic acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gly"co*lide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Glycol</i> +
anhydr<i>ide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white amorphous powder,
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O, obtained by heating and dehydrating
glycolic acid.</def> [Written also <i>glycollide</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gly`co*lu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Glycol</i> +
<i>uric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived from, glycol
and urea; as, <i>glycoluric</i> acid, which is called also
<i>hydantoic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly`co*lu"ril</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Glycol</i>yl
+ <i>ur</i>ic.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline, nitrogenous
substance, obtained by the reduction of allanto&iuml;n.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly"co*lyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Glycol</i>ic +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A divalent, compound radical,
CO.CH<sub>2</sub>, regarded as the essential radical of glycolic
acid, and a large series of related compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly*co"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Glyconic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a kind of
verse, so called from its inventor, <i>Glycon</i>.] <i>(Pros.)</i>
<def>Consisting of a spondee, a choriamb, and a pyrrhic; -- applied
to a kind of verse in Greek and Latin poetry.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A glyconic verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly"co*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An emulsion of
glycerin and the yolk of eggs, used as an ointment, as a vehicle for
medicines, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly"co*sine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An organic base, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>N<sub>4</sub>,
produced artificially as a white, crystalline powder, by the action
of ammonia on glyoxal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gly`co*su"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Glucosuria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Glyc`yr*rhi"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; sweet + &?; root.  Cf. <u>Licorice</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of papilionaceous
herbaceous plants, one species of which (<i>G. glabra</i>), is the
licorice plant, the roots of which have a bittersweet mucilaginous
taste.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The root of <i>Glycyrrhiza
glabra</i> (liquorice root), used as a demulcent, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyc`yr*rhi*zim"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>From, or pertaining to, glycyrrhizin; as,
<i>glycyrrhizimic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly*cyr"rhi*zin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>glycyrrhizine</i>. See <u>Glycyrrhiza</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside found in licorice root (<i>Glycyrrhiza</i>), in monesia
bark (<i>Chrysophyllum</i>), in the root of the walnut, etc., and
extracted as a yellow, amorphous powder, of a bittersweet
taste.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Glyn</hw>, <hw>Glynne</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A glen. See <u>Glen</u>. [Obs. singly, but occurring often in
locative names in Ireland, as <i>Glen</i> does in
Scotland.]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He could not beat out the Irish, yet he did shut them
up within those narrow corners and <i>glyns</i> under the mountain's
foot.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gly*ox"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gly</i>col +
<i>ox</i>alic + <i>al</i>dehyde.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white,
amorphous, deliquescent powder, (CO.H)<sub>2</sub>, obtained by the
partial oxidation of glycol. It is a double aldehyde, between glycol
and oxalic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly`ox*al"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an aldehyde acid, intermediate
between glycol and oxalic acid.</def> [Written also
<i>glyoxylic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gly*ox"a*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white, crystalline, organic base,
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, produced by the action of
ammonia on glyoxal, and forming the origin of a large class of
derivatives hence, any one of the series of which glyoxaline is a
type; -- called also <i>oxaline</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly*ox"ime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gly</i>oxal +
<i>oxime</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline, nitrogenous
substance, produced by the action of hydroxylamine on glyoxal, and
belonging to the class of <i>oximes</i>; also, any one of a group of
substances resembling glyoxime proper, and of which it is a type. See
<u>Oxime</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyph</hw> (gl&ibreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>glyfh`</grk> carving, fr. <grk>gly`fein</grk> to carve: cf. F.
<i>glyphe</i>.  Cf. <u>Cleave</u> to split.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
sunken channel or groove, usually vertical. See
<u>Triglyph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of or for
carving.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to sculpture or
carving of any sort, esp. to glyphs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyph"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plate made
by glyphography, or an impression taken from such a plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyph`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to glyphography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly*phog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to
engrave + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A process similar to etching, in
which, by means of voltaic electricity, a raised copy of a drawing is
made, so that it can be used to print from.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyp"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Glyph</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to gem
engraving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Figured; marked as with
figures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyp"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>glyptique</i>. See <u>Glyph</u>.] <def>The art of engraving on
precious stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyp"to*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; carved,
engraved + &?;, &?;, tooth. See <u>Glyph</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>An extinct South American quaternary mammal, allied to the
armadillos. It was as large as an ox, was covered with tessellated
scales, and had fluted teeth.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><! p. 634 !></p>

<p><hw>Glyp"to*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>One of a family (<i>Glyptodontid&aelig;</i>) of extinct South
American edentates, of which Glyptodon is the type. About twenty
species are known.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyp`to*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>glyptographique</i>.] <def>Relating to glyptography, or the art of
engraving on precious stones.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Glyp*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; carved
+ <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>glyptographie</i>.] <def>The art or
process of engraving on precious stones.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Glyp`to*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; carved + &?; case, box.] <def>A building or room devoted to works
of sculpture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glys"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Clyster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gmel"in*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after the
German chemist <i>Gmelin</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A rhombohedral
zeolitic mineral, related in form and composition to
chabazite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gna*pha"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Nl., from Gr.
&?; wool of the teasel.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of composite
plants with white or colored dry and persistent involucres; a kind of
everlasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>knarre</i>,
<i>gnarre</i>, akin to OD. <i>knor</i>, G. <i>knorren</i>.  Cf.
<u>Knar</u>, <u>Knur</u>, <u>Gnarl</u>.] <def>A knot or gnarl in
wood; hence, a tough, thickset man; -- written also
<i>gnarr</i>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was . . . a thick <i>gnarre</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gnar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gnarred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gnarring</u>.] [See <u>Gnarl</u>.] <def>To gnarl; to snarl; to
growl; -- written also <i>gnarr</i>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>At them he gan to rear his bristles strong,<BR>
And felly <i>gnarre</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand wants<BR>
<i>Gnarr</i> at the heels of men.</blockquote> <i>Tennison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gnarl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gnarled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gnarling</u>.] [From older <i>gnar</i>, prob. of imitative origin;
cf. G. <i>knarren</i>, <i>knurren</i>. D. <i>knorren</i>, Sw.
<i>knorra</i>, Dan. <i>knurre</i>.] <def>To growl; to
snarl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And wolves are <i>gnarling</i> who shall gnaw thee
first.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gnarl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gnar</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>a knot in wood; a large or hard knot, or a
protuberance with twisted grain, on a tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnarled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Knotty; full of
knots or gnarls; twisted; crossgrained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unwedgeable and <i>gnarl&eacute;d</i>
oak.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gnarl"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of knots;
knotty; twisted; crossgrained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnash</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gnashed</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gnashing</u>.] [OE. <i>gnasten</i>, <i>gnaisten</i>, cf. Icel.
<i>gnastan</i> a gnashing, <i>gn&?;sta</i> to gnash, Dan.
<i>knaske</i>, Sw. <i>gnissla</i>, D. <i>knarsen</i>, G.
<i>knirschen</i>.] <def>To strike together, as in anger or pain; as,
to <i>gnash</i> the teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grind or strike
the teeth together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There they him laid,<BR>
<i>Gnashing</i> for anguish, and despite, and shame.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gnash"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
gnashing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gn&aelig;t</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A blood-sucking dipterous
fly, of the genus <i>Culex</i>, undergoing a metamorphosis in water.
The females have a proboscis armed with needlelike organs for
penetrating the skin of animals. These are wanting in the males. In
America they are generally called <i>mosquitoes</i>. See
<u>Mosquito</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any fly resembling a Culex in form or
habits; esp., in America, a small biting fly of the genus
<i>Simulium</i> and allies, as the buffalo gnat, the black fly,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gnat catcher</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
several species of small American singing birds, of the genus
<i>Polioptila</i>, allied to the kinglets.</cd> -- <col><b>Gnat
flower</b></col>, <cd>the bee flower.</cd> -- <col><b>Gnat
hawk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European goatsucker; --
called also <i>gnat owl</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gnat snapper</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bird that catches gnats.</cd> --
<col><b>Gnat strainer</b></col>, <cd>a person ostentatiously
punctilious about trifles.  Cf. <i>Matt. xxiii. 24.</i></cd></p>

<p><hw>Gnath"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the jaw.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the jaw.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gnathic index</b></col>, <cd>in a skull, the ratio of the
distance from the middle of the nasofrontal suture to the basion
(taken equal to 100), to the distance from the basion to the middle
of the front edge of the upper jaw; -- called also <i>alveolar
index</i>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Skulls with the <i>gnathic index</i> below 98 are
orthognathous, from 98 to 103 mesognathous, and above 103 are
prognathous.</blockquote> <i>Flower.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gna*thid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gnathidia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gna`qos</grk> the
jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ramus of the lower jaw of a bird
as far as it is naked; -- commonly used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnath"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gna`qos</grk> the jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the
mouth appendages of the Arthropoda. They are known as mandibles,
maxill&aelig;, and maxillipeds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gna*thon"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Gna*thon"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Gnatho</i>, name of a parasite in the
"Eunuchus" of Terence, Gr. &?;; hence, a parasite in general.]
<def>Flattering; deceitful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gnath"o*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gna`qos</grk> the jaw + <i>-pod</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
gnathopodite or maxilliped. See <u>Maxilliped</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gna*thop"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l,)</i> <def>Any leglike appendage of a crustacean, when
modified wholly, or in part, to serve as a jaw, esp. one of the
maxillipeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gna*thos"te*gite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gna`qos</grk> the jaw + &?; a roof.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a pair of broad plates, developed from the outer
maxillipeds of crabs, and forming a cover for the other mouth
organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gna*thos"to*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>gna`qos</grk> the jaw + &?;, &?;, the mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A comprehensive division of vertebrates,
including all that have distinct jaws, in contrast with the
leptocardians and marsipobranchs (<i>Cyclostoma</i>), which lack
them.</def> [Written also <i>Gnathostomata</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Gnath`o*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gnathothec&AElig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>gna`qos</grk> the jaw + &?; a box.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
horney covering of the lower mandible of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnat"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small gnat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnat"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The aquatic larva of a gnat; -- called also, colloquially,
<i>wiggler</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnaw</hw> (n&add;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gnawed</u> (n&add;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gnawing</u>.] [OE. <i>gnawen</i>, AS. <i>gnagan</i>;
akin to D. <i>knagen</i>, OHG. <i>gnagan</i>, <i>nagan</i>, G.
<i>nagen</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>gnaga</i>, Dan. <i>gnave</i>,
<i>nage</i>.  Cf. <u>Nag</u> to tease.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bite, as something hard or tough, which is not readily separated or
crushed; to bite off little by little, with effort; to wear or eat
away by scraping or continuous biting with the teeth; to nibble
at.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His bones clean picked; his very bones they
<i>gnaw</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bite in agony or rage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>gnawed</i> their tongues for
pain.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xvi. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To corrode; to fret away; to
waste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnaw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use the teeth in
biting; to bite with repeated effort, as in eating or removing with
the teethsomething hard, unwiedly, or unmanageable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I might well, like the spaniel, <i>gnaw</i> upon the
chain that ties me.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gnaw"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, gnaws.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rodent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gneiss</hw> (n&imacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A crystalline rock, consisting, like granite, of
quartz, feldspar, and mica, but having these materials, especially
the mica, arranged in planes, so that it breaks rather easily into
coarse slabs or flags. Hornblende sometimes takes the place of the
mica, and it is then called <i>hornblendic or syenitic gneiss</i>.
Similar varieties of related rocks are also called gneiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gneis"sic</hw> (n&imacr;s"s&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to, or resembling, gneiss; consisting of
gneiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gneis"soid</hw> (-soid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Gneiss</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling gneiss; having some of the
characteristics of gneiss; -- applied to rocks of an intermediate
character between granite and gneiss, or mica slate and
gneiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gneis"sose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
structure of gneiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnew</hw> (n&umacr;), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Gnaw</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gnide</hw> (n&imacr;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>gn&imacr;dan</i>.] <def>To rub; to bruise; to break in
pieces.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; This word is found in Tyrwhitt's Chaucer, but improperly.
The woed, though common in Old English, does not occur in Chaucer.
<i>T. R. Lounsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gnof</hw> (n&obreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Churl;
curmudgeon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gnome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gnome</i>, prob.
fr. Gr. <grk>gnw`mon</grk> one that knows, a guardian, <i>i. e.</i>,
of the treasures in the inner parts of the earth, or fr. &?;
intelligence, both fr. <grk>gnw^nai</grk>, <grk>gignw^skein</grk>, to
know. See <u>Know</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An imaginary being,
supposed by the Rosicrucians to inhabit the inner parts of the earth,
and to be the guardian of mines, quarries, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dwarf; a goblin; a person of small
stature or misshapen features, or of strange appearance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small owl
(<i>Glaucidium gnoma</i>) of the Western United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Gr. &?;.] <def>A brief reflection or
maxim.</def>  <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gnom"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Gnom"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;: cf. F. <i>gnomique</i>. See
<u>Gnome</u> maxim.] <def>Sententious; uttering or containing maxims,
or striking detached thoughts; aphoristic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A city long famous as the seat of elegiac and
<i>gnomic</i> poetry.</blockquote> <i>G. R. Lewes.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gnomic Poets</b></col>, <cd>Greek poets, as Theognis and
Solon, of the sixth century <u>B. C.</u>, whose writings consist of
short sententious precepts and reflections.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gnom"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Gnomon</u>.]
<def>Gnomonical.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gnom"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a gnomic,
didactic, or sententious manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gno`mo*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Gno`mo*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to, of the nature of,
or resembling, a gnomology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gno*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
judgment, maxim + &?; discourse: cf. F. <i>gnomologie</i>.] <def>A
collection of, or a treatise on, maxims, grave sentences, or
reflections.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gno"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gnomon</i>, Gr.
&?; one that knows, the index of a sundial. See <u>Gnome</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Dialing)</i> <def>The style or pin, which
by its shadow, shows the hour of the day. It is usually set parallel
to the earth's axis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A style or column erected
perpendicularly to the horizon, formerly used in astronomocal
observations. Its principal use was to find the altitude of the sun
by measuring the length of its shadow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The space included between
the boundary lines of two similar parallelograms, the one within the
other, with an angle in common; as, the <i>gnomon</i> <i>bcdefg</i>
of the parallelograms <i>ac</i> and <i>af</i>. The parallelogram
<i>bf</i> is the complement of the parallelogram <i>df.</i></def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The index of the hour circle of a
globe.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gno*mon"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Gno*mon"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gnomonicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>gnomonique</i>. See <u>Gnomon</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
gnomon, or the art of dialing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gnomonic projection</b></col>, <cd>a projection of the
circles of the sphere, in which the point of sight is taken at the
center of the sphere, and the principal plane is tangent to the
surface of the sphere.</cd> "The <i>gnomonic projection</i> derives
its name from the connection between the methods of describing it and
those for the construction of a gnomon or dial." <i>Cyc. of Arts &
Sciences.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gno*mon"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>According to the principles of the gnomonic
projection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gno*mon"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Gnomonic</u>.] <def>The art or science of dialing, or of
constructing dials to show the hour of the day by the shadow of a
gnomon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gno"mon*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in
gnomonics.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gno`mon*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gnomon</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>.  Cf. <u>Gnomonology</u>.] <def>A treatise on
gnomonics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnos"co*pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gignw`skein</grk> to know + E. <i>opium</i>?] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid existing in small quantities in opium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gno"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>gnw^sis</grk>.] <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The deeper wisdom;
knowledge of spiritual truth, such as was claimed by the
Gnostics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnos"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Knowing; wise; shrewd.</def> [Old Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>I said you were a <i>gnostic</i> fellow.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
Gnosticism or its adherents; as, the <i>Gnostic</i> heresy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnos"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gnosticus</i>, Gr.
&?; good at knowing, sagacious; as a n., man that claims to have a
deeper wisdom, fr. <grk>gignw`skein</grk> to know: cf. F.
<i>gnostique</i>. See <u>Know</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of
the so-called philosophers in the first ages of Christianity, who
claimed a true philosophical interpretation of the Christian
religion. Their system combined Oriental theology and Greek
philosophy with the doctrines of Christianity. They held that all
natures, intelligible, intellectual, and material, are derived from
the Deity by successive emanations, which they called
<i>Eons</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnos"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The system of
philosophy taught by the Gnostics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gnow</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Gnaw</u>.
<def>Gnawed.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gnu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hottentot <i>gnu</i>, or
<i>nju</i>: cf. F. <i>gnou</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of two
species of large South African antelopes of the genus
<i>Catoblephas</i>, having a mane and bushy tail, and curved horns in
both sexes.</def> [Written also <i>gnoo</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The <i>common gnu</i> or <i>wildebeest</i> (<i>Catoblephas
gnu</i>) is plain brown; the <i>brindled gnu</i> or <i>blue
wildebeest</i> (<i>C. gorgon</i>) is larger, with transverse stripes
of black on the neck and shoulders.</p>

<p><hw>Go</hw> (g&omacr;), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Go</u>.
<def>Gone.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Went</u> (w&ebreve;nt); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gone</u>
(g&obreve;n; 115); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Going</u>.
<i>Went</i> comes from the AS, <i>wendan</i>. See <u>Wend</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] [OE. <i>gan</i>, <i>gon</i>, AS.
<i>g&amacr;n</i>, akin to D. <i>gaan</i>, G. <i>gehn</i>,
<i>gehen</i>, OHG. <i>g&emacr;n</i>, <i>g&amacr;n</i>, SW.
<i>g&aring;</i>, Dan. <i>gaae</i>; cf. Gr. <grk>kicha`nai</grk> to
reach, overtake, Skr. <i>h&amacr;</i> to go, AS. <i>gangan</i>, and
E. <i>gang</i>. The past tense in AS., <i>eode</i>, is from the root
<i>i</i> to go, as is also Goth. <i>iddja</i> went.
&radic;47<i>a</i>.  Cf. <u>Gang</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>,
<u>Wend</u>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass from one place to
another; to be in motion; to be in a state not motionless or at rest;
to proceed; to advance; to make progress; -- used, in various
applications, of the movement of both animate and inanimate beings,
by whatever means, and also of the movements of the mind; also
figuratively applied.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move upon the feet, or step by step; to
walk; also, to walk step by step, or leisurely.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In old writers <i>go</i> is much used as opposed to
<i>run</i>, or <i>ride</i>. "Whereso I <i>go</i> or <i>ride</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You know that love<BR>
Will creep in service where it can not <i>go</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou must run to him; for thou hast staid so long that
<i>going</i> will scarce serve the turn.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He fell from running to <i>going</i>, and from
<i>going</i> to clambering upon his hands and his knees.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In Chaucer <i>go</i> is used frequently with the pronoun in
the objective used reflexively; as, he <i>goeth</i> him home.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be passed on fron one to another; to
pass; to circulate; hence, with <i>for</i>, to have currency; to be
taken, accepted, or regarded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man <i>went</i> among men for an old man in the
days of Saul.</blockquote> <i>1 Sa. xvii. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[The money] should <i>go</i> according to its true
value.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To proceed or happen in a given manner; to
fare; to move on or be carried on; to have course; to come to an
issue or result; to succeed; to turn out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>goes</i> the night, boy ?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I think, as the world <i>goes</i>, he was a good sort
of man enough.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether the cause <i>goes</i> for me or against me,
you must pay me the reward.</blockquote> <i>I Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To proceed or tend toward a result,
consequence, or product; to tend; to conduce; to be an ingredient; to
avail; to apply; to contribute; -- often with the infinitive; as,
this <i>goes</i> to show.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Against right reason all your counsels
<i>go</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To master the foul flend there <i>goeth</i> some
complement knowledge of theology.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To apply one's self; to set one's self; to
undertake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seeing himself confronted by so many, like a resolute
orator, he <i>went</i> not to denial, but to justify his cruel
falsehood.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Go</i>, in this sense, is often used in the present
participle with the auxiliary verb <i>to be</i>, before an
infinitive, to express a future of intention, or to denote design;
as, I was <i>going</i> to say; I am <i>going</i> to begin
harvest.</p>

<p><! p. 635 !></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To proceed by a mental operation; to pass
in mind or by an act of the memory or imagination; -- generally with
<i>over</i> or <i>through</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>going</i> over all these particulars, you may
receive some tolerable satisfaction about this great
subject.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To be with young; to be pregnant; to
gestate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fruit she <i>goes</i> with,<BR>
I pray for heartily, that it may find<BR>
Good time, and live.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To move from the person speaking, or from
the point whence the action is contemplated; to pass away; to leave;
to depart; -- in opposition to <i>stay</i> and <i>come</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will let you <i>go</i>, that ye may sacrifice to the
Lord your God; . . . only ye shall not <i>go</i> very far
away.</blockquote> <i>Ex. viii. 28.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To pass away; to depart forever; to be
lost or ruined; to perish; to decline; to decease; to die.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By Saint George, he's <i>gone</i>!<BR>
That spear wound hath our master sped.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To reach; to extend; to lead; as, a line
<i>goes</i> across the street; his land <i>goes</i> to the river;
this road <i>goes</i> to New York.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His amorous expressions <i>go</i> no further than
virtue may allow.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To have recourse; to resort; as, to
<i>go</i> to law.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Go</i> is used, in combination with many prepositions
and adverbs, to denote motion of the kind indicated by the
preposition or adverb, in which, and not in the verb, lies the
principal force of the expression; as, to <i>go against</i> to <i>go
into</i>, to <i>go out</i>, to <i>go aside</i>, to <i>go astray</i>,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Go to</b></col>, <cd>come; move; go away; -- a phrase of
exclamation, serious or ironical.</cd> -- <col><b>To go a-
begging</b></col>, <cd>not to be in demand; to be undesired.</cd> --
<col><b>To go about</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To set about;
to enter upon a scheme of action; to undertake.</cd> "They <i>went
about</i> to slay him."  <i>Acts ix. 29.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They never <i>go about</i> . . . to hide or palliate
their vices.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To tack; to turn the head
of a ship; to wear.</cd> -- <col><b>To go abraod</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To go to a foreign country.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To go out of doors.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To become public; to be published or disclosed; to be
current.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>went</i> this saying <i>abroad</i> among the
brethren.</blockquote> <i>John xxi. 23.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To go against</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
march against; to attack.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be in
opposition to; to be disagreeable to.</cd> -- <col><b>To go
ahead</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To go in advance.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To go on; to make progress; to proceed.</cd>
-- <col><b>To go and come</b></col>. <cd>See <i>To come and go</i>,
under <u>Come</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To go aside</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To withdraw; to retire.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . <i>went aside</i> privately into a desert
place.</blockquote> <i>Luke. ix. 10.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To go from what is right; to err.</cd>
<i>Num. v. 29.</i>-- <col><b>To go back on</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To retrace (one's path or footsteps).</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To abandon; to turn against; to betray.</cd>
[Slang, U. S.] -- <col><b>To go below</b></col>
<sd><i>(Naut)</i></sd>, <cd>to go below deck.</cd> -- <col><b>To go
between</b></col>, <cd>to interpose or mediate between; to be a
secret agent between parties; in a bad sense, to pander.</cd> --
<col><b>To go beyond</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Beyond</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To go by</b></col>, <cd>to pass away unnoticed; to omit.</cd>
-- <col><b>To go by the board</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to fall
or be carried overboard; as, the mast <i>went by the board</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>To go down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
descend.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To go below the horizon; as,
the sun has <i>gone down</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To sink;
to founder; -- said of ships, etc.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To be
swallowed; -- used literally or figuratively.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing so ridiculous, . . . but it <i>goes down</i>
whole with him for truth.</blockquote> <i>L' Estrange.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To go far</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To go to a
distance.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To have much weight or
influence.</cd> -- <col><b>To go for</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To go in quest of.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To represent; to
pass for.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To favor; to advocate.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To attack; to assault.</cd> [Low]
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To sell for; to be parted with for (a
price).</cd> -- <col><b>To go for nothing</b></col>, <cd>to be parted
with for no compensation or result; to have no value, efficacy, or
influence; to count for nothing.</cd> -- <col><b>To go
forth</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To depart from a place.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be divulged or made generally known; to
emanate.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The law shall <i>go forth</i> of Zion, and the word of
the Lord from Jerusalem.</blockquote> <i>Micah iv. 2.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To go hard with</b></col>, <cd>to trouble, pain, or
endanger.</cd> -- <col><b>To go in</b></col>, <cd>to engage in; to
take part.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To go in and out</b></col>,
<cd>to do the business of life; to live; to have free access.</cd>
<i>John x. 9.</i> -- <col><b>To go in for</b></col>. [Colloq.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To go for; to favor or advocate (a candidate,
a measure, etc.).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To seek to acquire or
attain to (wealth, honor, preferment, etc.)</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To complete for (a reward, election, etc.).</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To make the object of one's labors, studies,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He was as ready <i>to go in for</i> statistics as for
anything else.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To go in to</b></col> or <col><b>unto</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To enter the presence of.</cd> <i>Esther iv.
16.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To have sexual intercourse with.</cd>
[Script.] -- <col><b>To go into</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
speak of, investigate, or discuss (a question, subject, etc.).</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To participate in (a war, a business,
etc.).</cd> -- <col><b>To go large</b></col>. <sd><i>(Naut)</i></sd>
<cd>See under <u>Large</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To go off</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To go away; to depart.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The leaders . . . will not <i>go off</i> until they
hear you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To cease; to intermit; as, this sickness
<i>went off</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To die.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To explode or be discharged; --
said of gunpowder, of a gun, a mine, etc.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<cd>To find a purchaser; to be sold or disposed of.</cd>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To pass off; to take place; to be
accomplished.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The wedding <i>went off</i> much as such affairs
do.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Caskell.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To go on</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To proceed;
to advance further; to continue; as, <i>to go on</i> reading.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be put or drawn on; to fit over; as, the
coat will not <i>go on</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To go all
fours</b></col>, <cd>to correspond exactly, point for point.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not easy to make a simile <i>go on all
fours</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To go out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To issue
forth from a place.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To go abroad; to
make an excursion or expedition.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>There are other men fitter <i>to go out</i> than
I.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>went</i> ye <i>out</i> for to see
?</blockquote> <i>Matt. xi. 7, 8, 9.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To become diffused, divulged, or spread
abroad, as news, fame etc.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To expire; to
die; to cease; to come to an end; as, the light has <i>gone
out</i>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Life itself <i>goes out</i> at thy
displeasure.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To go over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
traverse; to cross, as a river, boundary, etc.; to change
sides.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I must not <i>go over</i> Jordan.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. iv. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me <i>go over</i>, and see the good land that is
beyond Jordan.</blockquote> <i>Deut. iii. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ishmael . . . departed <i>to go over</i> to the
Ammonites.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xli. 10.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To read, or study; to examine; to review;
as, <i>to go over</i> one's accounts.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>If we <i>go over</i> the laws of Christianity, we
shall find that . . . they enjoin the same thing.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To transcend; to surpass.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To be postponed; as, the bill <i>went
over</i> for the session.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<cd>To be converted (into a specified substance or material); as,
monoclinic sulphur <i>goes over</i> into orthorhombic, by standing;
sucrose <i>goes over</i> into dextrose and levulose.</cd> --
<col><b>To go through</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
accomplish; as, <i>to go through</i> a work.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To suffer; to endure to the end; as, <i>to go through</i> a
surgical operation or a tedious illness.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To spend completely; to exhaust, as a fortune.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To strip or despoil (one) of his
property.</cd> [Slang] <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To botch or bungle a
business.</cd> [Scot.] -- <col><b>To go through with</b></col>,
<cd>to perform, as a calculation, to the end; to complete.</cd> --
<col><b>To go to ground</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To escape
into a hole; -- said of a hunted fox.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
fall in battle.</cd> -- <col><b>To go to naught</b></col> (Colloq.),
<cd>to prove abortive, or unavailling.</cd> -- <col><b>To go
under</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To set; -- said of the
sun.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be known or recognized by (a
name, title, etc.</cd>). <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To be overwhelmed,
submerged, or defeated; to perish; to succumb.</cd> -- <col><b>To go
up</b></col>, <cd>to come to nothing; to prove abortive; to
fail.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>To go upon</b></col>, <cd>to act upon,
as a foundation or hypothesis.</cd> -- <col><b>To go with</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To accompany.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
coincide or agree with.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To suit; to
harmonize with.</cd> -- <col><b>To go</b></col>
(<col><b>well</b></col>, <col><b>ill</b></col>, or
<col><b>hard</b></col>) <col><b>with</b></col>, <cd>to affect (one)
in such manner.</cd> -- <col><b>To go without</b></col>, <cd>to be,
or to remain, destitute of.</cd> -- <col><b>To go wrong</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To take a wrong road or direction; to wander
or stray.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To depart from virtue.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To happen unfortunately.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To miss success.</cd> -- <col><b>To let
go</b></col>, <cd>to allow to depart; to quit one's hold; to
release.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Go</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take, as a share in an enterprise; to undertake or become
responsible for; to bear a part in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They to <i>go</i> equal shares in the
booty.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bet or wager; as, I'll <i>go</i> you a
shilling.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To go halves</b></col>, <cd>to share with another
equally.</cd> -- <col><b>To go it</b></col>, <cd>to behave in a wild
manner; to be uproarious; to carry on; also, to proceed; to make
progress.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To go it alone</b></col> <i>(Card
Playing)</i>, <cd>to play a hand without the assistance of one's
partner.</cd> -- <col><b>To go it blind</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To act in a rash, reckless, or headlong
manner.</cd> [Slang] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <cd>To
bet without having examined the cards.</cd> -- <col><b>To go one's
way</b></col>, <cd>to set forth; to depart.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Go</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act;
working; operation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So gracious were the <i>goes</i> of
marriage.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A circumstance or occurrence; an
incident.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>This is a pretty <i>go</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The fashion or mode; as, quite the
<i>go</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Noisy merriment; as, a high
<i>go</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A glass of spirits.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Power of going or doing; energy; vitality;
perseverance; push; as, there is no <i>go</i> in him.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Cribbage)</i> <def>That condition in the
course of the game when a player can not lay down a card which will
not carry the aggregate count above thirty-one.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Great go</b></col>, <col><b>Little go</b></col>, <cd>the
final and the preliminary examinations for a degree.</cd> [Slang,
Eng. Univ.] -- <col><b>No go</b></col>, <cd>a failure; a fiasco.</cd>
[Slang] <i>Thackeray.</i> -- <col><b>On the go</b></col>, <cd>moving
about; unsettled.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Go"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
species of antelope (<i>Procapra picticauda</i>), inhabiting
Thibet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>g&amacr;d</i>;
perh. akin to AS. <i>g&amacr;r</i> a dart, and E. <i>gore</i>. See
<u>Gore</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A pointed instrument used
to urge on a beast; hence, any necessity that urges or
stimulates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The daily <i>goad</i> urging him to the daily
toil.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goad</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Goaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Goading</u>.] <def>To prick; to drive with a goad; hence, to urge
forward, or to rouse by anything pungent, severe, irritating, or
inflaming; to stimulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That temptation that doth <i>goad</i> us
on.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To urge; stimulate; excite; arouse; irritate;
incite; instigate.</p>

<p><hw>Goaf</hw> (?); <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Goafs</b></plw> (#) or <plw><b>Goaves</b></plw> (#). [Cf. lst
<u>Gob</u>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>That part of a mine from which the
mineral has been partially or wholly removed; the waste left in old
workings; -- called also <i>gob</i> .</def></p>

<p><col><b>To work the goaf</b></col> or <col><b>gob</b></col>,
<cd>to remove the pillars of mineral matter previously left to
support the roof, and replace them with props.</cd> <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gaule</i> pole,
Prov. F. <i>waule</i>, of German origin; cf. Fries. <i>walu</i>
staff, stick, rod, Goth. <i>walus</i>, Icel. <i>v&ouml;lr</i> a round
stick; prob. akin to E. <i>wale</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The mark set to bound a race, and to or
around which the constestants run, or from which they start to return
to it again; the place at which a race or a journey is to
end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Part curb their fiery steeds, or shun the
<i>goal</i><BR>
With rapid wheels.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The final purpose or aim; the end to which
a design tends, or which a person aims to reach or attain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each individual seeks a several
<i>goal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A base, station, or bound used in various
games; in football, a line between two posts across which the ball
must pass in order to score; also, the act of kicking the ball over
the line between the goal posts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Goal keeper</b></col>, <cd>the player charged with the
defense of the goal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Go"a pow"der</hw> (?). [So called from <i>Goa</i>, on the
Malabar coast, whither it was shipped from Portugal.] <def>A bitter
powder (also called <i>araroba</i>) found in the interspaces of the
wood of a Brazilian tree (<i>Andira araroba</i>) and used as a
medicine. It is the material from which chrysarobin is
obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as lst
<u>Gore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goar"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Patched; mean.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goat</hw> (g&omacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE <i>goot</i>,
<i>got</i>, <i>gat</i>, AS. <i>g&amacr;t</i>; akin to D. <i>geit</i>,
OHG. <i>geiz</i>, G. <i>geiss</i>, Icel. <i>geit</i>, Sw. <i>get</i>,
Dan. <i>ged</i>, Goth. <i>gaits</i>, L. <i>haedus</i> a young goat,
kid.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hollow-horned ruminant of the genus
<i>Capra</i>, of several species and varieties, esp. the domestic
goat (<i>C. hircus</i>), which is raised for its milk, flesh, and
skin.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Cashmere and Angora varieties of the goat have long,
silky hair, used in the manufacture of textile fabrics. The wild or
bezoar goat (<i>Capra &aelig;gagrus</i>), of Asia Minor, noted for
the bezoar stones found in its stomach, is supposed to be one of the
ancestral species of the domestic goat. The Rocky Mountain goat
(<i>Haplocercus montanus</i>) is more nearly related to the
antelopes. See <u>Mazame</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Goat antelope</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>, <cd>one of
several species of antelopes, which in some respects resemble a goat,
having recurved horns, a stout body, large hoofs, and a short, flat
tail, as the goral, thar, mazame, and chikara.</cd> -- <col><b>Goat
fig</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the wild fig.</cd> -- <col><b>Goat
house</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A place for keeping
goats.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A brothel.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>Goat moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any moth of the
genus <i>Cossus</i>, esp. the large European species (<i>C.
ligniperda</i>), the larva of which burrows in oak and willow trees,
and requires three years to mature. It exhales an odor like that of
the he-goat.</cd> -- <col><b>Goat weed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
scrophulariaceous plant, of the genus <i>Capraria</i> (<i>C.
biflora</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Goat's bane</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a poisonous plant (<i>Aconitum Lucoctonum</i>), bearing pale
yellow flowers, introduced from Switzerland into England;
wolfsbane.</cd> -- <col><b>Goat's beard</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a plant of the genus <i>Tragopogon</i>; -- so named from the long
silky beard of the seeds. One species is the salsify or oyster
plant.</cd> -- <col><b>Goat's foot</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
kind of wood sorrel (<i>Oxalis caprina</i>) growing at the Cape of
Good Hope.</cd> -- <col><b>Goat's rue</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
leguminous plant (<i>Galega officinalis</i> of Europe, or
<i>Tephrosia Virginiana</i> in the United States).</cd> --
<col><b>Goat's thorn</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a thorny leguminous
plant (<i>Astragalus Tragacanthus</i>), found in the Levant.</cd> --
<col><b>Goat's wheat</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the genus
<i>Tragopyrum</i> (now referred to <i>Atraphaxis</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Goat`ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A part of a man's
beard on the chin or lower lip which is allowed to grow, and trimmed
so as to resemble the beard of a goat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goat"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A fish of the genus <i>Upeneus</i>, inhabiting the Gulf of
Mexico. It is allied to the surmullet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goat"herd`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tends
goats.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goat"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characteristic of a
goat; goatlike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give your chaste body up to the embraces<BR>
Of <i>goatish</i> lust.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Goat"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Goat"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Goat"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a goat;
goatish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goat"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The skin of a
goat, or leather made from it.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Made of the skin of a goat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goat"suck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species of insectivorous
birds, belonging to <i>Caprimulgus</i> and allied genera, esp. the
European species (<i>Caprimulgus Europ&aelig;us</i>); -- so called
from the mistaken notion that it sucks goats. The European species is
also <i>goat-milker</i>, <i>goat owl</i>, <i>goat chaffer</i>,
<i>fern owl</i>, <i>night hawk</i>, <i>nightjar</i>, <i>night
churr</i>, <i>churr-owl</i>, <i>gnat hawk</i>, and
<i>dorhawk</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goaves</hw> (g&omacr;vz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Goaf</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Old workings.
See <u>Goaf</u>.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gob</hw> (g&obreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Goaf</u>.]
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>Same as <u>Goaf</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gob</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gob</i> morsel; cf. F.
<i>gobe</i>, <i>gobbe</i>, a poisoned morsel, poison ball,
<i>gobet</i> a piece swallowed, <i>gober</i> to swallow greedily and
without tasting; cf. Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>gob</i> mouth, snout, W.
<i>gwp</i> a bird's head and neck.  Cf. <u>Gobble</u>, <u>Job</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little mass or
collection; a small quantity; a mouthful.</def> [Low]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mouth.</def> [Prov. Eng.or Low]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gob"bet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; F. <i>gobet</i>.
See 2d <u>Gob</u>.] <def>A mouthful; a lump; a small piece.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] had broken the stocks to small
<i>gobbets</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gob"bet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To swallow
greedily; to swallow in gobbets.</def> [Low]  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gob"bet*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In pieces.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gob"bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See lst <u>Gob</u>.]
<i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The refuse thrown back into
the excavation after removing the coal. It is called also <i>gob
stuff</i>.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The process of packing with waste rock;
stowing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gob"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gobbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gobbling</u> (?).] [Freq. of 2d <i>gob</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swallow or eat greedily or hastily; to
gulp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Supper <i>gobbled</i> up in haste.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter (a sound) like a turkey
cock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . <i>gobbles</i> out a note of self-
approbation.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To gobble up</b></col>, <cd>to capture in a mass or in
masses; to capture suddenly.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Gob"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To eat greedily.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a noise like that of a turkey
cock.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gob"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A noise made in the
throat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ducks and geese . . . set up a discordant
<i>gobble</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Gore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gob"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A turkey cock; a
bubbling Jock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gob"e*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
tapestry produced in the so-called <i>Gobelin</i> works, which have
been maintained by the French Government since 1667.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gobe`mouche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Literally, a fly swallower; hence, once who keeps his mouth
open; a boor; a silly and credulous person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gob"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gobbet</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go"-be*tween`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
intermediate agent; a broker; a procurer; -- usually in a disparaging
sense.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go"bi*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Gobius + -
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or pertaining to, the goby,
or the genus <i>Gobius</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
gobioid fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gob"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gobelet</i>, LL.
<i>gobeletus</i>, <i>gobellus</i>; cf. L. <i>cupa</i> tub, cask. See
<u>Cupel</u>.] <def>A kind of cup or drinking vessel having a foot or
standard, but without a handle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We love not loaded boards and <i>goblets</i>
crowned.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gob"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gobelin</i>, F.
<i>gobelin</i>, LL. <i>gobelinus</i>, fr. Gr. &?; knave, a
mischievous goblin; or cf. G. <i>kobold</i>, E. <i>kobold</i>,
<i>cobalt</i>, Armor. <i>gobilin</i> an ignis fatuus, goblin.]
<def>An evil or mischievous spirit; a playful or malicious elf; a
frightful phantom; a gnome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To whom the <i>goblin</i>, full of wrath,
replied.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 636 !></p>

<p><hw>Gob"line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>One of the ropes or chains serving as stays for the dolphin
striker or the bowsprit; -- called also <i>gobrope</i> and
<i>gaubline</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gob"lin*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
transform into a goblin.</def> [R.]  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gobies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>gobie</i>, L. <i>gobius</i>,
<i>gobio</i>, Gr. &?; Cf. <u>Gudgeon</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several species of small marine fishes of the genus
<i>Gobius</i> and allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go"-by`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A passing without
notice; intentional neglect; thrusting away; a shifting off; adieu;
as, to give a proposal the <i>go-by</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some songs to which we have given the <i>go-
by</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go"cart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A framework
moving on casters, designed to support children while learning to
walk.</def></p>

<p><hw>God</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Good.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>God</hw> (g&obreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>god</i>;
akin to OS. &amp; D. <i>god</i>, OHG. <i>got</i>, G. <i>gott</i>, Icel.
<i>gu&eth;</i>, <i>go&eth;</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>gud</i>, Goth.
<i>gup</i>, prob. orig. a p. p. from a root appearing in Skr.
<i>h&umacr;</i>, p. p. <i>h&umacr;ta</i>, to call upon, invoke,
implore. &radic;30.  Cf. <u>Goodbye</u>, <u>Gospel</u>,
<u>Gossip</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A being conceived of as
possessing supernatural power, and to be propitiated by sacrifice,
worship, etc.; a divinity; a deity; an object of worship; an
idol.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He maketh a <i>god</i>, and worshipeth
it.</blockquote> <i>Is. xliv. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The race of Israel . . . bowing lowly down<BR>
To bestial <i>gods</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Supreme Being; the eternal and
infinite Spirit, the Creator, and the Sovereign of the universe;
Jehovah.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>God</i> is a Spirit; and they that worship him must
worship him in spirit and in truth.</blockquote> <i>John iv.
24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing deified and honored as
the chief good; an object of supreme regard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose <i>god</i> is their belly.</blockquote> <i>Phil.
iii. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively applied to one who wields
great or despotic power.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Act of God</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Act</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gallery gods</b></col>, <cd>the occupants
of the highest and cheapest gallery of a theater.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>God's acre</b></col>, <col><b>God's field</b></col>, <cd>a
burial place; a churchyard. See under <u>Acre</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>God's house</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An
almshouse.</cd> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A church.</cd> --
<col><b>God's penny</b></col>, <cd>earnest penny.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i> -- <col><b>God's Sunday</b></col>,
<cd>Easter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>God</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat as a god; to
idolize.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"child`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One for whom a
person becomes sponsor at baptism, and whom he promises to see
educated as a Christian; a godson or goddaughter. See
<u>Godfather</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>God"daugh`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>goddohtor</i>.] <def>A female for whom one becomes sponsor at
baptism.</def></p>

<p><hw>God"dess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A female god; a divinity, or deity, of the female sex.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the daughter of Jupiter presented herself among a
crowd of <i>goddesses</i>, she was distinguished by her graceful
stature and superior beauty.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman of superior charms or
excellence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gode</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Good.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gode"lich</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Goodly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"fa`ther</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>godf&aelig;der</i>.  Cf. <u>Gossip</u>.] <def>A man who becomes
sponsor for a child at baptism, and makes himself a surety for its
Christian training and instruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There shall be for every Male-child to be baptized,
when they can be had, two <i>Godfathers</i> and one Godmother; and
for every Female, one <i>Godfather</i> and two Godmothers; and
Parents shall be admitted as Sponsors, if it is desired.</blockquote>
<i>Book of Common Prayer (Prot. Episc. Ch., U. S. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>God"fa`ther</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act as
godfather to; to take under one's fostering care.</def> [R.]
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"-fear`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
reverential and loving feeling towards God; religious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A brave <i>god-fearing</i> man.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"head</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>godhed</i>.
See <u>-head</u>, and cf. <u>Godhood</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Godship; deity; divinity; divine nature or essence;
godhood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Deity; God; the Supreme
Being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The imperial throne<BR>
Of <i>Godhead</i>, fixed for ever.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A god or goddess; a divinity.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Adoring first the genius of the place,<BR>
The nymphs and native <i>godheads</i> yet unknown.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>God</i> + <i>-
hood</i>.  Cf. <u>Godhead</u>.] <def>Divine nature or essence; deity;
godhead.</def></p>

<p><hw>God"ild</hw> (?). <def>A corruption of <i>God yield</i>, i.
e., God reward or bless.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having, or
acknowledging, no God; without reverence for God; impious;
wicked.</def> -- <wf>God"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>God"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>God"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>God</i> +
<i>like.</i> Cf. <u>Godly</u>.] <def>Resembling or befitting a god or
God; divine; hence, preeminently good; as, <i>godlike</i>
virtue.</def> -- <wf>God"like`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>God"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Righteously.</def>  <i>H. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Godly</u>.]
<def>Careful observance of, or conformity to, the laws of God; the
state or quality of being godly; piety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Godliness</i> is profitable unto all
things.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. iv. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A diminutive
god.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>God</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> + <i>-ly</i>.  Cf. <u>Godlike</u>, <u>Like</u>.]
<def>Pious; reverencing God, and his character and laws; obedient to
the commands of God from love for, and reverence of, his character;
conformed to God's law; devout; righteous; as, a <i>godly</i>
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>godly</i> sorrow worketh
repentance.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. vii. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Piously;
devoutly; righteously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that will live <i>godly</i> in Christ Jesus shall
suffer persecution.</blockquote> <i>2. Tim. iii. 12.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"ly*head</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Goodlyhead</u>.] <def>Goodness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"moth`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>godm&?;dor</i>.] <def>A woman who becomes sponsor for a child in
baptism. See <u>Godfather</u></def></p>

<p><hw>Go*down"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corruption of Malay
<i>g&amacr;dong</i> warehouse.] <def>A warehouse.</def> [East
Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Go*droon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>godron</i> a
round plait, godroon.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament produced by
notching or carving a rounded molding.</def></p>

<p><hw>God"send`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something sent
by God; an unexpected acquisiton or piece of good fortune.</def></p>

<p><hw>God"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>God</i>, n. + <i>-
ship</i>.] <def>The rank or character of a god; deity; divinity; a
god or goddess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'er hills and dales their <i>godships</i>
came.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"sib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gossip.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"son`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>godsunu</i>.]
<def>A male for whom one has stood sponsor in baptism. See
<u>Godfather</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>God"speed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Success;
prosperous journeying; -- a contraction of the phrase, "<i>God
speed</i> you." </def> [Written also as two separate words.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Receive him not into house, neither bid him <i>God
speed</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 John 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward
God.</def>  <i>2 Cor. iii. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>God"wit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from AS.
<i>g&?;d</i> good + <i>wiht</i> creature, wight.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several species of long-billed, wading birds of the genus
<i>Limosa</i>, and family <i>Tringid&aelig;</i>. The European black-
tailed godwit (<i>Limosa limosa</i>), the American marbled godwit
(<i>L. fedoa</i>), the Hudsonian godwit (<i>L. h&aelig;mastica</i>),
and others, are valued as game birds. Called also
<i>godwin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go"el</hw> (g&omacr;"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Yellow</u>. &radic;49.] <def>Yellow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Go`&euml;`land"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>go&euml;land</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A white tropical tern
(<i>Cygis candida</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Go`&euml;`min"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>go&euml;mon</i> seaweed.] <def>A complex mixture of several
substances extracted from Irish moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of Go.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Go"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Go.] <def>One who,
or that which, goes; a runner or walker</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A foot.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chapman.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A horse, considered in reference to his
gait; as, a good <i>goer</i>; a safe <i>goer</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This antechamber has been filled with comers and
<i>goers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; witchcraft,
from &?; to bewitch, &?; sorcerer: cf. F. <i>go&eacute;tie</i>.]
<def>Invocation of evil spirits; witchcraft.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>goffe</i> ill-
made, awkward, It. <i>goffo</i>, Sp. <i>gofo</i>, Prov. G.
<i>goff</i> a blockhead, Gr. &?; stupid.] <def>A silly clown.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game. See
<u>Golf</u>.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gof"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Goffered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Goffering</u>.] [See <u>Gauffer</u>.] <def>To plait, flute, or
crimp. See <u>Gauffer</u>.</def>  <i>Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>agog</i>, F.
<i>gogue</i> sprightliness, also W. <i>gogi</i> to agitate, shake.]
<def>Haste; ardent desire to go.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gog"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Goggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Goggling</u> (?).] [Cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>gog</i> a nod, slight
motion.] <def>To roll the eyes; to stare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And wink and <i>goggle</i> like an owl.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gog"gle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full and rolling, or
staring; -- said of the eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The long, sallow vissage, the <i>goggle</i>
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gog"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Goggle</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A strained or affected rolling of the
eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of
spectacles with short, projecting eye tubes, in the front end of
which are fixed plain glasses for protecting the eyes from cold,
dust, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Colored glasses for relief
from intense light.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A disk with a
small aperture, to direct the sight forward, and cure
squinting.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Any screen or cover for the
eyes, with or without a slit for seeing through.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gog"gled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prominent;
staring, as the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gog"gle-eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of two or more
species of American fresh-water fishes of the family
<i>Centrarchid&aelig;</i>, esp. <i>Ch&aelig;nobryttus antistius</i>,
of Lake Michigan and adjacent waters, and <i>Ambloplites
rupestris</i>, of the Great Lakes and Mississippi Valley; -- so
called from their prominent eyes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
goggler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gog"gle-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
prominent and distorted or rolling eyes.</def>  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gog"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A carangoid oceanic fish (<i>Trachurops crumenophthalmus</i>),
having very large and prominent eyes; -- called also <i>goggle-
eye</i>, <i>big-eyed scad</i>, and <i>cicharra</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gog"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>gorgoleta</i>.]
<def>See <u>Gurglet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of moving in any manner; traveling; as, the <i>going</i>
is bad.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Departure.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pregnancy; gestation; childbearing.</def>
<i>Crew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Course of life; behavior;
doings; ways.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eyes are upon the ways of man, and he seeth all
his <i>goings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Job xxxiv. 21.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Going barrel</b></col>. <i>(Horology)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A barrel containing the mainspring, and
having teeth on its periphery to drive the train.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A device for maintaining a force to drive the
train while the timepiece is being wound up.</cd> -- <col><b>Going
forth</b></col>. <i>(Script.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Outlet; way
of exit.</cd> "Every <i>going forth</i> of the sanctuary." <i>Ezek.
xliv. 5.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A limit; a border.</cd> "The
<i>going forth</i> thereof shall be from the south to Kadesh-barnea."
<i>Num. xxxiv. 4.</i> -- <col><b>Going out</b></col>, or
<col><b>Goings out</b></col>. <i>(Script.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The utmost extremity or limit.</cd> "The border shall go down to
Jordan, and the <i>goings out</i> of it shall be at the salt sea."
<i>Num. xxxiv. 12.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Departure or
journeying.</cd> "And Moses wrote their <i>goings out</i> according
to their journeys." <i>Num. xxxiii. 2.</i> -- <col><b>Goings
on</b></col>, <cd>behavior; actions; conduct; -- usually in a bad
sense.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Goi"ter</hw> <hw>Goi"tre</hw> } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>go&icirc;tre</i>, L. <i>guttur</i> throat, cf. tumidum
<i>guttur</i> goiter, <i>gutturosus</i> goitered. See
<u>Guttural</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An enlargement of the thyroid
gland, on the anterior part of the neck; bronchocele. It is
frequently associated with cretinism, and is most common in
mountainous regions, especially in certain parts of
Switzerland.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Goi"tered</hw>, <hw>Goi"tred</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with goiter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goi"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>go&icirc;treux</i>, L. <i>gutturosus</i>. See <u>Goiter</u>.]
<def>Pertaining to the goiter; affected with the goiter; of the
nature of goiter or bronchocele.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me not be understood as insinuating that the
inhabitants in general are either <i>goitrous</i> or
idiots.</blockquote> <i>W. Coxe.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gold</hw> (g&omacr;ld), <hw>Golde</hw>, <hw>Goolde</hw>
(g&oomac;ld), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An old
English name of some yellow flower, -- the marigold
(<i>Calendula</i>), according to Dr. Prior, but in Chaucer perhaps
the turnsole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold</hw> (g&omacr;ld), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gold</i>;
akin to D. <i>goud</i>, OS. &amp; G. <i>gold</i>, Icel. <i>gull</i>, Sw.
& Dan. <i>guld</i>, Goth. <i>gul&thorn;</i>, Russ. &amp; OSlav.
<i>zlato</i>; prob. akin to E. <i>yellow</i>. &radic;49, 234. See
<u>Yellow</u>, and cf. <u>Gild</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A metallic element,
constituting the most precious metal used as a common commercial
medium of exchange. It has a characteristic yellow color, is one of
the heaviest substances known (specific gravity 19.32), is soft, and
very malleable and ductile. It is quite unalterable by heat,
moisture, and most corrosive agents, and therefore well suited for
its use in coin and jewelry. Symbol Au (<i>Aurum</i>). Atomic weight
196.7.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Native gold contains usually eight to ten per cent of
silver, but often much more. As the amount of silver increases, the
color becomes whiter and the specific gravity lower. Gold is very
widely disseminated, as in the sands of many rivers, but in very
small quantity. It usually occurs in quartz veins (gold quartz), in
slate and metamorphic rocks, or in sand and alluvial soil, resulting
from the disintegration of such rocks. It also occurs associated with
other metallic substances, as in auriferous pyrites, and is combined
with tellurium in the minerals <i>petzite</i>, <i>calaverite</i>,
<i>sylvanite</i>, etc. Pure gold is too soft for ordinary use, and is
hardened by alloying with silver and copper, the latter giving a
characteristic reddish tinge. [See <u>Carat</u>.] Gold also finds use
in gold foil, in the pigment <i>purple of Cassius</i>, and in the
chloride, which is used as a toning agent in photography.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Money; riches; wealth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For me, the <i>gold</i> of France did not
seduce.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A yellow color, like that of the metal;
as, a flower tipped with <i>gold</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, something precious or pure;
as, hearts of <i>gold</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Age of gold</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Golden age</i>, under
<u>Golden</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dutch gold</b></col>, <col><b>Fool's
gold</b></col>, <col><b>Gold dust</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under
<u>Dutch</u>, <u>Dust</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold
amalgam</b></col>, <cd>a mineral, found in Columbia and California,
composed of gold and mercury.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold beater</b></col>,
<cd>one whose occupation is to beat gold into gold leaf.</cd> --
<col><b>Gold beater's skin</b></col>, <cd>the prepared outside
membrane of the large intestine of the ox, used for separating the
leaves of metal during the process of gold-beating.</cd> --
<col><b>Gold beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any small
gold-colored beetle of the family <i>Chrysomelid&aelig;</i>; --
called also <i>golden beetle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold
blocking</b></col>, <cd>printing with gold leaf, as upon a book
cover, by means of an engraved block.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Gold cloth</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Cloth of gold</i>, under
<u>Cloth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold Coast</b></col>, <cd>a part of the
coast of Guinea, in West Africa.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold
cradle</b></col>. <i>(Mining)</i> <cd>See <u>Cradle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold diggings</b></col>,
<cd>the places, or region, where gold is found by digging in sand and
gravel from which it is separated by washing.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold
end</b></col>, <cd>a fragment of broken gold or jewelry.</cd> --
<col><b>Gold-end man</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A buyer of
old gold or jewelry.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A goldsmith's
apprentice.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>An itinerant jeweler.</cd>
"I know him not: he looks like a <i>gold-end man</i>."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i> -- <col><b>Gold fever</b></col>, <cd>a popular mania for
gold hunting.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold field</b></col>, <cd>a region in
which are deposits of gold.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold finder</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One who finds gold.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>One who empties privies.</cd> [Obs. &amp; Low] <i>Swift.</i> --
<col><b>Gold flower</b></col>, <cd>a composite plant with dry and
persistent yellow radiating involucral scales, the <i>Helichrysum
St&oelig;chas</i> of Southern Europe. There are many South African
species of the same genus.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold foil</b></col>,
<cd>thin sheets of gold, as used by dentists and others. See <u>Gold
leaf</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold</b></col> <col><b>knobs or
knoppes</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>buttercups.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold
lace</b></col>, <cd>a kind of lace, made of gold thread.</cd> --
<col><b>Gold latten</b></col>, <cd>a thin plate of gold or gilded
metal.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold leaf</b></col>, <cd>gold beaten into a
film of extreme thinness, and used for gilding, etc. It is much
thinner than gold foil.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold lode</b></col>
<i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a gold vein.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold
mine</b></col>, <cd>a place where gold is obtained by mining
operations, as distinguished from diggings, where it is extracted by
washing.  Cf. <i>Gold diggings</i> (above).</cd> -- <col><b>Gold
nugget</b></col>, <cd>a lump of gold as found in gold mining or
digging; -- called also a <i>pepito</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold
paint</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Gold shell</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold or
Golden</b></col>, <col><b>pheasant</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Pheasant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold plate</b></col>,
<cd>a general name for vessels, dishes, cups, spoons, etc., made of
gold.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold of pleasure</b></col>. [Name perhaps
translated from Sp. <i>oro-de-alegria</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A plant
of the genus <i>Camelina</i>, bearing yellow flowers. <i>C.
sativa</i> is sometimes cultivated for the oil of its seeds.</cd> --
<col><b>Gold shell</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A composition
of powdered gold or gold leaf, ground up with gum water and spread on
shells, for artists' use; -- called also <i>gold paint</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A bivalve shell
(<i>Anomia glabra</i>) of the Atlantic coast; -- called also
<i>jingle shell</i> and <i>silver shell</i>. See <u>Anomia</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Gold size</b></col>, <cd>a composition used in applying
gold leaf.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold solder</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
solder, often containing twelve parts of gold, two of silver, and
four of copper.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold stick</b></col>, <cd>the colonel
of a regiment of English lifeguards, who attends his sovereign on
state occasions; -- so called from the gilt rod presented to him by
the sovereign when he receives his commission as colonel of the
regiment.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Gold thread</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A thread formed by twisting flatted gold over
a thread of silk, with a wheel and iron bobbins; spun gold.</cd>
<i>Ure.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A small evergreen
plant (<i>Coptis trifolia</i>), so called from its fibrous yellow
roots. It is common in marshy places in the United States.</cd> --
<col><b>Gold tissue</b></col>, <cd>a tissue fabric interwoven with
gold thread.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold tooling</b></col>, <cd>the fixing
of gold leaf by a hot tool upon book covers, or the ornamental
impression so made.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold washings</b></col>,
<cd>places where gold found in gravel is separated from lighter
material by washing.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold worm</b></col>, <cd>a
glowworm.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Jeweler's gold</b></col>, <cd>an
alloy containing three parts of gold to one of copper.</cd> --
<col><b>Mosaic gold</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Mosaic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 637 !></p>

<p><hw>Gold"-beat`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Gilded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gold"-beat`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
process of reducing gold to extremely thin leaves, by beating with a
hammer.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gold"-bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Encompassed
with gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold"crest`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European golden-crested kinglet (<i>Regulus cristatus</i>,
or <i>R. regulus</i>); -- called also <i>golden-crested wren</i>, and
<i>golden wren</i>. The name is also sometimes applied to the
American golden-crested kinglet. See <u>Kinglet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold"cup`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The cuckoobud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>golden</i>; cf.
OE. <i>gulden</i>, AS. <i>gylden</i>, from <i>gold</i>. See
<u>Gold</u>, and cf. <u>Guilder</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made of gold; consisting of
gold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the color of gold; as, the
<i>golden</i> grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Very precious; highly valuable; excellent;
eminently auspicious; as, <i>golden</i> opinions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Golden age</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The fabulous
age of primeval simplicity and purity of manners in rural
employments, followed by the <i>silver</i>, <i>bronze</i>, and
<i>iron ages</i>.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Roman
Literature)</i> <cd>The best part (<u>B. C.</u> 81 -- <u>A. D.</u>
14) of the classical period of Latinity; the time when Cicero,
C&aelig;sar, Virgil, etc., wrote</cd>. Hence: <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>That period in the history of a literature, etc., when it
flourishes in its greatest purity or attains its greatest glory; as,
the Elizabethan age has been considered the <i>golden age</i> of
English literature.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden balls</b></col>, <cd>three
gilt balls used as a sign of a pawnbroker's office or shop; --
originally taken from the coat of arms of Lombardy, the first money
lenders in London having been Lombards.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden
bull</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bull</u>, an edict.</cd> --
<col><b>Golden chain</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the shrub
<i>Cytisus Laburnum</i>, so named from its long clusters of yellow
blossoms.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden club</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
aquatic plant (<i>Orontium aquaticum</i>), bearing a thick spike of
minute yellow flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden cup</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the buttercup.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden
eagle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large and powerful eagle
(<i>Aquila Chrysa&euml;tos</i>) inhabiting Europe, Asia, and North
America. It is so called from the brownish yellow tips of the
feathers on the head and neck. A dark variety is called the <i>royal
eagle</i>; the young in the second year is the <i>ring-tailed
eagle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden fleece</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mythol.)</i> <cd>The fleece of gold fabled to
have been taken from the ram that bore Phryxus through the air to
Colchis, and in quest of which Jason undertook the Argonautic
expedition.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Her.)</i> <cd>An order of
knighthood instituted in 1429 by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy; -
- called also <i>Toison d'Or</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden
grease</b></col>, <cd>a bribe; a fee.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>Golden
hair</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a South African shrubby composite
plant with golden yellow flowers, the <i>Chrysocoma Coma-
aurea</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden Horde</b></col> <i>(Hist.)</i>,
<cd>a tribe of Mongolian Tartars who overran and settled in Southern
Russia early in the 18th century.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden
Legend</b></col>, <cd>a hagiology (the "<i>Aurea Legenda</i>")
written by James de Voragine, Archbishop of Genoa, in the 13th
century, translated and printed by Caxton in 1483, and partially
paraphrased by Longfellow in a poem thus entitled.</cd> --
<col><b>Golden marcasite</b></col> <cd>tin.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>Golden mean</b></col>, <cd>the way of wisdom and safety
between extremes; sufficiency without excess; moderation.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Angels guard him in the <i>golden
mean</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Golden mole</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>, <cd>one of
several South African Insectivora of the family
<i>Chrysochlorid&aelig;</i>, resembling moles in form and habits. The
fur is tinted with green, purple, and gold.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden
number</b></col> <i>(Chronol.)</i>, <cd>a number showing the year of
the lunar or Metonic cycle. It is reckoned from 1 to 19, and is so
called from having formerly been written in the calendar in
gold.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden oriole</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Oriole</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden pheasant</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Pheasant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden
pippin</b></col>, <cd>a kind of apple, of a bright yellow color.</cd>
-- <col><b>Golden plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
several species of plovers, of the genus <i>Charadrius</i>, esp. the
European (<i>C. apricarius, or pluvialis</i>; -- called also
<i>yellow, black-breasted, hill, &and; whistling, plover</i>. The
common American species (<i>C. dominicus</i>) is also called
<i>frostbird</i>, and <i>bullhead</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden
robin</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Baltimore oriole</u>,
in Vocab.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden rose</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>,
<cd>a gold or gilded rose blessed by the pope on the fourth Sunday in
Lent, and sent to some church or person in recognition of special
services rendered to the Holy See.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden
rule</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The rule of doing as we would
have others do to us.  Cf. <i>Luke vi. 31.</i></cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The rule of proportion, or rule of
three.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden samphire</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
composite plant (<i>Inula crithmoides</i>), found on the seashore of
Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden saxifrage</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a low herb with yellow flowers (<i>Chrysosplenium
oppositifolium</i>), blossoming in wet places in early spring.</cd> -
- <col><b>Golden seal</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a perennial
ranunculaceous herb (<i>Hydrastis Canadensis</i>), with a thick
knotted rootstock and large rounded leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden
sulphide, or sulphuret</b></col>, <col><b>of antimony</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the pentasulphide of antimony, a golden or orange
yellow powder.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden warbler</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common American wood warbler (<i>Dendroica
&aelig;stiva</i>); -- called also <i>blue-eyed yellow warbler</i>,
<i>garden warbler</i>, and <i>summer yellow bird</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Golden wasp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bright-
colored hymenopterous insect, of the family <i>Chrysidid&aelig;</i>.
The colors are golden, blue, and green.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden
wedding</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Wedding</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gold"en-eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A duck (<i>Glaucionetta clangula</i>), found
in Northern Europe, Asia, and America. The American variety (var.
<i>Americana</i>) is larger. Called <i>whistler</i>, <i>garrot</i>,
<i>gowdy</i>, <i>pied widgeon</i>, <i>whiteside</i>, <i>curre</i>,
and <i>doucker</i>. Barrow's golden-eye of America (<i>G.
Islandica</i>) is less common.</def></p>

<p><hw>God"en*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In golden terms or
a golden manner; splendidly; delightfully.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gold"en-rod`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A tall herb (<i>Solidago Virga-aurea</i>), bearing yellow
flowers in a graceful elongated cluster. The name is common to all
the species of the genus <i>Solidago</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Golden-rod tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrub
(<i>Bosea Yervamora</i>), a native of the Canary Isles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gold"finch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>goldfinc</i>. See <u>Gold</u>, and <u>Finch</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A beautiful bright-
colored European finch (<i>Carduelis elegans</i>). The name refers to
the large patch of yellow on the wings. The front of the head and
throat are bright red; the nape, with part of the wings and tail,
black; -- called also <i>goldspink</i>, <i>goldie</i>, <i>fool's
coat</i>, <i>drawbird</i>, <i>draw-water</i>, <i>thistle finch</i>,
and <i>sweet William</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The yellow-
hammer.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A small American finch
(<i>Spinus tristis</i>); the thistle bird.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to other yellow finches, esp. to
several additional American species of <i>Spinus</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Gold"fin`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of two or more species of European labroid fishes
(<i>Crenilabrus melops</i>, and <i>Ctenolabrus rupestris</i>); --
called also <i>goldsinny</i>, and <i>goldney</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small domesticated cyprinoid fish
(<i>Carassius auratus</i>); -- so named from its color. It is a
native of China, and is said to have been introduced into Europe in
1691. It is often kept as an ornament, in small ponds or glass
globes. Many varieties are known. Called also <i>golden fish</i>, and
<i>golden carp</i>. See <i>Telescope fish</i>, under
<u>Telescope</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A California marine
fish of an orange or red color; the garibaldi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold"-ham`mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The yellow-
hammer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Gold</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The European
goldfinch.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The yellow-
hammer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold"i*locks`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Goldylocks</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gold"in</hw> (?), <hw>Gold"ing</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> [From the golden color of the
blossoms.] <def>A conspicuous yellow flower, commonly the corn
marigold (<i>Chrysanthemum segetum</i>).</def> [This word is
variously corrupted into <i>gouland</i>, <i>gools</i>, <i>gowan</i>,
etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Gold"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Gilthead</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold"seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Dog's-tail grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold"sin`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Goldfinny</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold"smith`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. goldsmi&?;.
See <u>Gold</u>., and <u>Smith</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
artisan who manufactures vessels and ornaments, etc., of
gold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A banker.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; The goldsmiths of London formerly received money on deposit
because they were prepared to keep it safely.</p>

<p><col><b>Goldsmith beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
large, bright yellow, American beetle (<i>Cotalpa lanigera</i>), of
the family <i>Scarab&aelig;id&aelig;</i></cd></p>

<p><hw>Gold"tit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Verdin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold"y*locks`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant of several species of the genus <i>Chrysocoma</i>; -- so
called from the tufts of yellow flowers which terminate the stems;
also, the <i>Ranunculus auricomus</i>, a kind of buttercup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The gullet.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
California trout. See <u>Malma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Golf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>kolf</i> club or
bat, also a Dutch game played in an inclosed area with clubs and
balls; akin to G. <i>kolben</i> club, but end, Icel. <i>k&?;lfr</i>
tongue of a bell. bolt, Sw. <i>kolf</i> bolt, dart, but end, Dan.
<i>kolv</i> bolt, arrow.  Cf. <u>Club</u>, <u>Globe</u>.] <def>A game
played with a small ball and a bat or club crooked at the lower end.
He who drives the ball into each of a series of small holes in the
ground and brings it into the last hole with the fewest strokes is
the winner.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Strutt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Golf"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who plays
golf.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Gol"go*tha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Calvary. See
the Note under <u>Calvary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gol"iard</hw> (g&omacr;l"y&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From OF. <i>goliart</i> glutton, buffoon, riotous student, Goliard,
LL. <i>goliardus</i>, prob. fr. L. <i>gula</i> throat.  Cf.
<u>Gules</u>.] <def>A buffoon in the Middle Ages, who attended rich
men's tables to make sport for the guests by ribald stories and
songs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gol"iard*er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
satirical or ribald poetry of the Goliards.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go*li"ath bee"tle</hw> (?). [From <i>Goliath</i>, the
Philistine giant.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
<i>Goliathus</i>, a genus of very large and handsome African
beetles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A hand, paw, or claw.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney. B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go*loe"-shoe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
galoche.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go*lore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Galore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go*loshe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Galoche</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Golt"schut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small ingot of gold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A silver ingot, used in Japan as
money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gol"yard*eys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A buffoon.
See <u>Goliard</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. <i>good
man</i>; but cf. also AS. <i>gumman</i> a man, OHG. <i>gomman</i>
man, husband.] <def>A husband; a master of a family.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Go"mar*ist</hw> (?), <hw>Go"mar*ite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.-Hist.)</i> <def>One of the followers
of Francis <i>Gomar</i> or <i>Gomarus</i>, a Dutch disciple of Calvin
in the 17th century, who strongly opposed the Arminians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gom"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gumbo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>guma</i>; akin to
Goth. <i>guma</i>, L. <i>homo</i>. See <u>Bridegroom</u>.] <def>A
man.</def> [Obs.]  <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gome</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>gormr</i> ooze,
mud.] <def>The black grease on the axle of a cart or wagon wheel; --
called also <i>gorm</i>. See <u>Gorm</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Go"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Hebrew measure.
See <u>Homer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A conical
chamber at the breech of the bore in heavy ordnance, especially in
mortars; -- named after the inventor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gom"me*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gommeline</i>, from <i>gomme</i> gum.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Dextrin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gom*phi"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; toothache or gnashing of teeth, fr. &?; a grinder tooth, from &?;
a bolt.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease of the teeth, which causes them
to loosen and fall out of their sockets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gom*pho"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, prop., a bolting together, fr. &?; to fasten with bolts or
nails, &?; bolt, nail: cf. F. <i>gomphose</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
form of union or immovable articulation where a hard part is received
into the cavity of a bone, as the teeth into the jaws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go*mu"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malayan
<i>gumuti</i>.] <def>A black, fibrous substance resembling horsehair,
obtained from the leafstalks of two kinds of palms, <i>Metroxylon
Sagu</i>, and <i>Arenga saccharifera</i>, of the Indian islands. It
is used for making cordage. Called also <i>ejoo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gon</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Go</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gon"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gonads</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?; that which generates.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the masses of generative tissue
primitively alike in both sexes, but giving rise to either an ovary
or a testis; a generative gland; a germ gland.</def>
<i>Wiedersheim.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go"na*kie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
African timber tree (<i>Acacia Adansonii</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Go`nan*gi"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Gonangia</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Gonangiums</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; offspring + &?; vessel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Gonotheca</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gon"do*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., dim. of
<i>gonda</i> a gondola; cf. LL. <i>gandeia</i> a kind of boat, Gr.
&?; a drinking vessel; said to be a Persian word; cf. F.
<i>gondole</i> gondola, cup.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long, narrow boat with a high prow and
stern, used in the canals of Venice. A gondola is usually propelled
by one or two oarsmen who stand facing the prow, or by poling. A
gondola for passengers has a small open cabin amidships, for their
protection against the sun or rain. A sumptuary law of Venice
required that gondolas should be painted black, and they are
customarily so painted now.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flat-bottomed boat for freight.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A long platform car, either having no
sides or with very low sides, used on railroads.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Gon"do*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>gondoletta</i>, dim. of <i>gondola</i>.] <def>A small
gondola.</def>  <i>T. Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gon`do*lier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>gondoliere</i>: cf. F. <i>gondolier</i>.] <def>A man who rows a
gondola.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gone</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Go</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gone"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
exhaustion; faintness, especially as resulting from hunger.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Gon"fa*lon</hw> (?), <hw>Gon"fa*non</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gonfanoun</i>, OF. <i>gonfanon</i>, F.
<i>gonfalon</i>, the same word as F. <i>confalon</i>, name of a
religious brotherhood, fr. OHG. <i>gundfano</i> war flag; <i>gund</i>
war (used in comp., and akin to AS. <i>g&umacr;&eth;</i>) +
<i>fano</i> cloth, flag; akin to E. <i>vane</i>; cf. AS.
<i>g&umacr;&eth;fana</i>. See <u>Vane</u>, and cf. <u>Confalon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The ensign or standard in use by certain
princes or states, such as the medi&aelig;val republics of Italy, and
in more recent times by the pope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A name popularly given to any flag which
hangs from a crosspiece or frame instead of from the staff or the
mast itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Standards and <i>gonfalons</i>, 'twixt van and
rear,<BR>
Stream in the air.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 638 !></p>

<p><hw>Gon`fa*lon*ier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gonfalonier</i>: cf. It. <i>gonfaloniere</i>.] <def>He who bears
the gonfalon; a standard bearer</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An officer at Rome who bears the standard of the Church.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The chief magistrate of any one of several
republics in medi&aelig;veal Italy.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
Turkish general, and standard keeper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gong</i>,
<i>gang</i>, a going, passage, drain. See <u>Gang</u>.] <def>A privy
or jakes.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gong farmer</b></col>, <col><b>Gong man</b></col>, <cd>a
cleaner of privies.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gong</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [Malayan
(Jav.) <i>g&omacr;ng</i>.] <def>An instrument, first used in the
East, made of an alloy of copper and tin, shaped like a disk with
upturned rim, and producing, when struck, a harsh and resounding
noise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'er distant deserts sounds the Tartar
<i>gong</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A flat saucerlike bell,
rung by striking it with a small hammer which is connected with it by
various mechanical devices; a stationary bell, used to sound calls or
alarms; -- called also <i>gong bell</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gong metal</b></col>, <cd>an alloy (78 parts of copper, 22
of tin), from which Oriental gongs are made.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Go"ni*a*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; angle.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of an extinct genus of fossil cephalopods,
allied to the Ammonites. The earliest forms are found in the Devonian
formation, the latest, in the Triassic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go*nid"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, gonidia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go*nid"i*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the angles of the mouth; as, a
<i>gonidial</i> groove of an actinian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Go*nid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, dim. of &?; angle.] <i>(Zool.)</i> <def>A special groove or
furrow at one or both angles of the mouth of many Anthozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Go*nid"i*um</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gonidia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; that which
generates.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A component cell of the yellowish
green layer in certain lichens.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Go*nim"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; productive, fr. &?; that which generates.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Bluish green granules which occur in certain lichens, as
<i>Collema</i>, <i>Peltigera</i>, etc., and which replace the more
usual gonidia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gon"i*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, gonidia or gonimia, as that part
of a lichen which contains the green or chlorophyll-bearing
cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go`ni*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; angle +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>goniom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument
for measuring angles, especially the angles of crystals, or the
inclination of planes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Contact, or Hand</b></col>, <col><b>goniometer</b></col>,
<cd>a goniometer having two movable arms (<i>ab</i>, <i>cd</i>),
between which (at <i>ab</i>) the faces of the crystals are placed.
These arms turn about a fixed point, which is the center of the
graduated circle or semicircle upon which the angle is read off.</cd>
-- <col><b>Reflecting goniometer</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for
measuring the angles of crystals by determining through what angular
space the crystal must be turned so that two rays reflected from two
surfaces successively shall have the same direction; -- called also
<i>Wollaston's goniometer</i>, from the inventor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Go`ni*o*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Go`ni*o*met"ric*al</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or determined by means of, a
goniometer; trigonometric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go`ni*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>goniom&eacute;trie</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The art of measuring
angles; trigonometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gon`o*blas"tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Gonoblastidium</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A reproductive bud
of a hydroid; a simple gonophore.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gon`o*blas*tid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Gonoblastidia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
offspring + &?; to bud.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
blastostyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gon`o*ca"lyx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; offspring
+ E. <i>calyx</i>,] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bell of a sessile
gonozooid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gon`o*cho"rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
offspring + &?; to separate.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Separation of
the sexes in different individuals; -- opposed to
<i>hermaphroditism</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In ontogony,
differentiation of male and female individuals from embryos having
the same rudimentary sexual organs.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In
phylogeny, the evolution of distinct sexes in species previously
hermaphrodite or sexless.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gon`o*coc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; semen, the genitals + NL. &amp; E. <i>coccus</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A vegetable micro&ouml;rganism of the genus <i>Micrococcus</i>,
occurring in the secretion in gonorrhea. It is believed by some to
constitute the cause of this disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gon"oph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. fr. Heb.
<i>gann&amacr;bh</i> thief.] <def>A pickpocket or thief.</def> [Eng.
Slang]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gon"o*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; offspring,
seed + &?; to bear.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
sexual zooid produced as a medusoid bud upon a hydroid, sometimes
becoming a free hydromedusa, sometimes remaining attached. See
<u>Hydroidea</u>, and <i>Illusts</i>. of <u>Athecata</u>,
<u>Campanularian</u>, and <u>Gonosome</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A lengthened receptacle,
bearing the stamens and carpels in a conspicuous manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gon`or*rhe"a</hw>, <hw>Gon`or*rh&oelig;"a</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gonorrhoea</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; that which
begets, semen, the genitals + &?; to flow: cf. F.
<i>gonorrh&eacute;e</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A contagious
inflammatory disease of the genitourinary tract, affecting especially
the urethra and vagina, and characterized by a mucopurulent
discharge, pain in urination, and chordee; clap.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gon`or*rhe"al</hw>, <hw>Gon`or*rh&oelig;"al</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
gonorrhea; as, <i>gonorrheal</i> rheumatism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gon"o*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; offspring +
<i>-some</i> body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The reproductive zooids
of a hydroid colony, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gon`o*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gonothec&?;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; offspring + &?;
box.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A capsule developed on certain
hydroids (<i>Thecaphora</i>), inclosing the blastostyle upon which
the medusoid buds or gonophores are developed; -- called also
<i>gonangium</i>, and <i>teleophore</i>. See <u>Hydroidea</u>, and
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Campanularian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gon`o*zo"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; offspring
+ E. <i>zooid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sexual zooid, or
medusoid bud of a hydroid; a gonophore. See <u>Hydroidea</u>, and
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Campanularian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go*nyd"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the gonys of a bird's beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Go"nys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Genys</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The keel or lower outline of a bird's bill,
so far as the mandibular rami are united.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goo"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A peanut.</def>
[Southern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Good</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Better</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Best</u> (?). These
words, though used as the comparative and superlative of <i>good</i>,
are from a different root.] [AS. <i>G&omacr;d</i>, akin to D.
<i>goed</i>, OS. <i>g&omacr;d</i>, OHG. <i>guot</i>, G. <i>gut</i>,
Icel. <i>g&omacr;&eth;r</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>god</i>, Goth.
<i>g&omacr;ds</i>; prob. orig., fitting, belonging together, and akin
to E. <i>gather</i>. &radic;29 Cf. <u>Gather</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing desirable qualities; adapted to
answer the end designed; promoting success, welfare, or happiness;
serviceable; useful; fit; excellent; admirable; commendable; not bad,
corrupt, evil, noxious, offensive, or troublesome, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And God saw everything that he had made, and behold,
it was very <i>good</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Good</i> company, <i>good</i> wine, <i>good</i>
welcome.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessing moral excellence or virtue;
virtuous; pious; religious; -- said of persons or actions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all things showing thyself a pattern of <i>good</i>
works.</blockquote> <i>Tit. ii. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Kind; benevolent; humane; merciful;
gracious; polite; propitious; friendly; well-disposed; -- often
followed by <i>to</i> or <i>toward</i>, also formerly by
<i>unto</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The men were very <i>good</i> unto us.</blockquote>
<i>1 Sam. xxv. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Serviceable; suited; adapted; suitable; of
use; to be relied upon; -- followed especially by
<i>for</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All quality that is <i>good</i> for anything is
founded originally in merit.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Clever; skillful; dexterous; ready; handy;
-- followed especially by <i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . is a <i>good</i> workman; a very <i>good</i>
tailor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those are generally <i>good</i> at flattering who are
<i>good</i> for nothing else.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Adequate; sufficient; competent; sound;
not fallacious; valid; in a commercial sense, to be depended on for
the discharge of obligations incurred; having pecuniary ability; of
unimpaired credit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My reasons are both <i>good</i> and
weighty.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My meaning in saying he is a <i>good</i> man is . . .
that he is sufficient . . . I think I may take his bond.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Real; actual; serious; as in the phrases
<i>in good earnest</i>; <i>in good sooth</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love no man in <i>good</i> earnest.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Not small, insignificant, or of no
account; considerable; esp., in the phrases <i>a good deal</i>, <i>a
good way</i>, <i>a good degree</i>, <i>a good share</i> or
<i>part</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Not lacking or deficient; full;
complete.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Good</i> measure, pressed down, and shaken
together, and running over.</blockquote> <i>Luke vi. 38.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Not blemished or impeached; fair;
honorable; unsullied; as in the phrases <i>a good name</i>, <i>a good
report</i>, <i>good repute</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>good</i> name is better than precious
ointment</blockquote>. <i>Eccl. vii. 1.</i></p>

<p><col><b>As good as</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>As</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>For good</b></col>, or <col><b>For good and all</b></col>,
<cd>completely and finally; fully; truly.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The good woman never died after this, till she came to
die <i>for good and all</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Good breeding</b></col>, <cd>polite or polished
manners, formed by education; a polite education.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Distinguished by good humor and <i>good
breeding</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Good cheap</b></col>, <cd>literally, good bargain;
reasonably cheap.</cd></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Good consideration</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A consideration of blood or of natural love
and affection.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
valuable consideration, or one which will sustain a contract.</cd> --
<col><b>Good fellow</b></col>, <cd>a person of companionable
qualities.</cd> [Familiar] -- <col><b>Good folk</b></col>, <col><b>or
Good people</b></col>, <cd>fairies; brownies; pixies, etc.</cd>
[Colloq. Eng. &amp; Scot.] -- <col><b>Good for nothing</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Of no value; useless; worthless.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Used substantively, an idle, worthless
person.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>My father always said I was born to be a <i>good for
nothing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Good Friday</b></col>, <cd>the Friday of Holy Week,
kept in some churches as a fast, in memoory of our Savior's passion
or suffering; the anniversary of the crucifixion.</cd> --
<col><b>Good humor</b></col>, or <col><b>Good-humor</b></col>, <cd>a
cheerful or pleasant temper or state of mind.</cd> -- <col><b>Good
nature</b></col>, or <col><b>Good-nature</b></col>, <cd>habitual
kindness or mildness of temper or disposition; amiability; state of
being in good humor.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>good nature</i> and generosity which belonged
to his character.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The young count's <i>good nature</i> and easy
persuadability were among his best characteristics.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Good people</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Good folk</i>
(above).</cd> -- <col><b>Good speed</b></col>, <cd>good luck; good
success; godspeed; -- an old form of wishing success. See
<u>Speed</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Good turn</b></col>, <cd>an act of
kidness; a favor.</cd> -- <col><b>Good will</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Benevolence; well wishing; kindly
feeling.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>The custom of any
trade or business; the tendency or inclination of persons, old
customers and others, to resort to an established place of business;
the advantage accruing from tendency or inclination.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>good will</i> of a trade is nothing more than
the probability that the old customers will resort to the old
place.</blockquote> <i>Lord Eldon.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>In good time</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Promptly; punctually; opportunely; not too soon nor too
late.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>Correctly; in proper
time.</cd> -- <col><b>To hold good</b></col>, <cd>to remain true or
valid; to be operative; to remain in force or effect; as, his promise
<i>holds good</i>; the condition still <i>holds good</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To make good</b></col>, <cd>to fulfill; to establish; to
maintain; to supply (a defect or deficiency); to indemmify; to prove
or verify (an accusation); to prove to be blameless; to clear; to
vindicate.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Each word <i>made good</i> and true.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of no power <i>to make</i> his wishes
<i>good</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . would by combat <i>make</i> her
<i>good</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Convenient numbers <i>to make good</i> the
city.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To think good</b></col>, <cd>to approve; to be pleased
or satisfied with; to consider expedient or proper.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>If ye <i>think good</i>, give me my price; and if not,
forbear.</blockquote> <i>Zech. xi. 12.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Good</i>, in the sense of <i>wishing well</i>, is much
used in greeting and leave-taking; as, <i>good</i> day, <i>good</i>
night, <i>good</i> evening, <i>good</i> morning, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Good</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which possesses desirable qualities, promotes success,
welfare, or happiness, is serviceable, fit, excellent, kind,
benevolent, etc.; -- opposed to <i>evil</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There be many that say, Who will show us any
<i>good</i> ?</blockquote> <i>Ps. iv. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Advancement of interest or happiness;
welfare; prosperity; advantage; benefit; -- opposed to <i>harm</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>good</i> of the whole community can be promoted
only by advancing the <i>good</i> of each of the members composing
it.</blockquote> <i>Jay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Wares; commodities; chattels; -
- formerly used in the singular in a collective sense. In law, a
comprehensive name for almost all personal property as distinguished
from land or real property.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath made us spend much <i>good</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy lands and <i>goods</i><BR>
Are, by the laws of Venice, confiscate<BR>
Unto the state of Venice.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dress goods</b></col>, <col><b>Dry goods</b></col>, etc.
<cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Goods engine</b></col>,
<cd>a freight locomotive.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Goods
train</b></col>, <cd>a freight train.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Goods
wagon</b></col>, <cd>a freight car [Eng.] See the Note under
<u>Car</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Good</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Well, -- especially in
the phrase <i>as good</i>, with a following <i>as</i> expressed or
implied; equally well with as much advantage or as little harm as
possible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>good</i> almost kill a man as kill a good
book.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>As good as</b></col>, <cd>in effect; virtually; the same
as.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>They who counsel ye to such a suppressing, do <i>as
good as</i> bid ye suppress yourselves.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Good</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make good; to turn to good.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To manure; to improve.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Good`-by"</hw>, <hw>Good`-bye"</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n. or
interj.</i></pos> [A contraction of <i>God be with ye</i> (<i>God be
w&ibreve; ye</i>, <i>God bw' ye</i>, <i>God bwye</i>).]
<def>Farewell; a form of address used at parting. See the last Note
under <u>By</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos></def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Good`-den"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Corrupt. of
<i>good e'en</i>, for <i>good evening</i>.] <def>A form of
salutation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Good`-fel"low*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Agreeable companionship; companionableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Good"geon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Gudgeon</u>, 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Good`-hu"mored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
cheerful spirit and demeanor; good-tempered. See <u>Good-
natured</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Good`-hu"mored*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a
cheerful spirit; in a cheerful or good-tempered manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Good"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rather good than
the contrary; not actually bad; tolerable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Goodish</i> pictures in rich frames.</blockquote>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Good"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
goods.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Good"lich</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Goodly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Good"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Goodly</u>.] <def>Beauty of form; grace; elegance;
comeliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>goodliness</i> was full of harmony to his
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Good"-look`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Handsome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Good"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Excellently.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Good"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Goodlier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Goodliest</u>.]
[OE. <i>godlich</i>, AS. <i>g&omacr;dlic</i>. See <u>Good</u>, and
<u>Like</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pleasant; agreeable; desirable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have many <i>goodly</i> days to see.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of pleasing appearance or character;
comely; graceful; as, a <i>goodly</i> person; <i>goodly</i> raiment,
houses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>goodliest</i> man of men since
born.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Large; considerable; portly; as, a
<i>goodly</i> number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Goodly</i> and great he sails behind his
link.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Good"ly*head</hw> (?), <hw>Good"ly*hood</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Goodness; grace; goodliness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Good"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Good</i> +
<i>man</i>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A familiar appellation of civility,
equivalent to "My friend", "Good sir", "Mister;" -- sometimes used
ironically.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With you, <i>goodman</i> boy, an you
please.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A husband; the master of a house or
family; -- often used in speaking familiarly.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Say ye to the <i>goodman</i> of the house, . . . Where
is the guest-chamber ?</blockquote> <i>Mark xiv. 14.</i></p>

<p><! p. 639 !></p>

<p>&fist; In the early colonial records of New England, the term
<i>goodman</i> is frequently used as a title of designation,
sometimes in a respectful manner, to denote a person whose first name
was not known, or when it was not desired to use that name; in this
use it was nearly equivalent to <i>Mr</i>. This use was doubtless
brought with the first settlers from England.</p>

<p><hw>Good`-na"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Naturally
mild in temper; not easily provoked.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Good-natured</u>, <u>Good-tempered</u>, <u>Good-
humored</u>.  <i>Good-natured</i> denotes a disposition to please and
be pleased. <i>Good-tempered</i> denotes a habit of mind which is not
easily ruffled by provocations or other disturbing influences.
<i>Good-humored</i> is applied to a spirit full of ease and
cheerfulness, as displayed in one's outward deportment and in social
intercourse. A <i>good-natured</i> man recommends himself to all by
the spirit which governs him. A <i>good-humored</i> man recommends
himself particularly as a companion. A <i>good-tempered</i> man is
rarely betrayed into anything which can disturb the serenity of the
social circle.</p>

<p><hw>Good`-na"tured*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
mildness of temper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Good"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>g&omacr;dnes</i>.] <def>The quality of being good in any of its
various senses; excellence; virtue; kindness; benevolence; as, the
<i>goodness</i> of timber, of a soil, of food; <i>goodness</i> of
character, of disposition, of conduct, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Good" now"</hw> (?). <def>An exclamation of wonder, surprise,
or entreaty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goods</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Good</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Good"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Favor; grace.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Good`-tem"pered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
good temper; not easily vexed. See <u>Good-natured</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Good"wife`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mistress of
a house.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Good"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Goodies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bonbon,
cake, or the like; -- usually in the <i>pl.</i></def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American fish; the
lafayette or spot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Good"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Goodies</b></plw> (#). [Prob. contr. from <i>goodwife</i>.]
<def>Goodwife; -- a low term of civility or sport.</def></p>

<p><hw>Good"-year</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Goujere</u>.] <def>The venereal disease; -- often used as a mild
oath.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Good"y-good`y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mawkishly or
weakly good; exhibiting goodness with silliness.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Good"y*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of a goody or goodwife</def> [Jocose]  <i>Hudibraus.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Goo*roo"</hw>, <hw>Gu*ru"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Hind. <i>gur&?;</i> a spiritual parent or teacher, Skr. <i>guru</i>
heavy, noble, venerable, teacher.  Cf. <u>Grief</u>.] <def>A
spiritual teacher, guide, or confessor amoung the Hindoos.</def>
<i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goos"an`der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>gossander</i>, a tautological word formed fr. <i>goose +
gander</i>.  Cf. <u>Merganser</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
species of merganser (<i>M. merganser</i>) of Northern Europe and
America; -- called also <i>merganser</i>, <i>dundiver</i>,
<i>sawbill</i>, <i>sawneb</i>, <i>shelduck</i>, and <i>sheldrake</i>.
See <u>Merganser</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goose</hw> (g&oomac;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Geese</b></plw> (g&emacr;s). [OE. <i>gos</i>, AS.
<i>g&omacr;s</i>, pl. <i>g&emacr;s</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>gans</i>,
Icel. <i>g&amacr;s</i>, Dan. <i>gaas</i>, Sw. <i>g&aring;s</i>, Russ.
<i>guse</i>. OIr. <i>geiss</i>, L. <i>anser</i>, for <i>hanser</i>,
Gr. <grk>chh`n</grk>, Skr. <i>ha&msdot;sa</i>. &radic;233.  Cf.
<u>Gander</u>, <u>Gannet</u>, <u>Ganza</u>, <u>Gosling</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any large web-footen bird of the subfamily
<i>Anserin&aelig;</i>, and belonging to <i>Anser</i>, <i>Branta</i>,
<i>Chen</i>, and several allied genera. See <u>Anseres</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common domestic goose is believed to have been derived
from the European graylag goose (<i>Anser anser</i>). The bean goose
(<i>A. segetum</i>), the American wild or Canada goose (<i>Branta
Canadensis</i>), and the bernicle goose (<i>Branta leucopsis</i>) are
well known species. The American white or snow geese and the blue
goose belong to the genus <i>Chen</i>. See <u>Bernicle</u>,
<i>Emperor goose</i>, under <u>Emperor</u>, <u>Snow goose</u>,
<u>Wild goose</u>, <u>Brant</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any large bird of other related families,
resembling the common goose.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Egyptian or fox goose (<i>Alopochen
&AElig;gyptiaca</i>) and the African spur-winged geese
(<i>Plectropterus</i>) belong to the family
<i>Plectropterid&aelig;</i>. The Australian semipalmated goose
(<i>Anseranas semipalmata</i>) and Cape Barren goose (<i>Cereopsis
Nov&aelig;-Hollandi&aelig;</i>) are very different from northern
geese, and each is made the type of a distinct family. Both are
domesticated in Australia.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tailor's smoothing iron, so called from
its handle, which resembles the neck of a goose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A silly creature; a simpleton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A game played with counters on a board
divided into compartments, in some of which a goose was
depicted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pictures placed for ornament and use,<BR>
The twelve good rules, the royal game of <i>goose</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A wild goose chase</b></col>, <cd>an attempt to accomplish
something impossible or unlikely of attainment.</cd> -- <col><b>Fen
goose</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Goose
barnacle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any pedunculated barnacle
of the genus <i>Anatifa</i> or <i>Lepas</i>; -- called also <i>duck
barnacle</i>. See <u>Barnacle</u>, and <u>Cirripedia</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Goose cap</b></col>, <cd>a silly person.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Beau.
& .</i> -- <col><b>Goose corn</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a coarse
kind of rush (<i>Juncus squarrosus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Goose
feast</b></col>, <cd>Michaelmas.</cd> [Colloq. Eng.] -- <col><b>Goose
flesh</b></col>, <cd>a peculiar roughness of the skin produced by
cold or fear; -- called also <i>goose skin</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Goose
grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A plant of the
genus <i>Galium</i> (<i>G. Aparine</i>), a favorite food of geese; --
called also <i>catchweed</i> and <i>cleavers</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A species of knotgrass (<i>Polygonum
aviculare</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The annual spear grass
(<i>Poa annua</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Goose neck</b></col>,
<cd>anything, as a rod of iron or a pipe, curved like the neck of a
goose; specially <i>(Naut.)</i>, an iron hook connecting a spar with
a mast.</cd> -- <col><b>Goose quill</b></col>, <cd>a large feather or
quill of a goose; also, a pen made from it.</cd> -- <col><b>Goose
skin</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Goose flesh</i>, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Goose tongue</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a composite plant
(<i>Achillea ptarmica</i>), growing wild in the British islands.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sea goose</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Phalarope</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Solan goose</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Gannet</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Goose"ber*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gooseberries</b></plw> (#), [Corrupted for <i>groseberry</i>
or <i>groiseberry</i>, fr. OF. <i>groisele</i>, F. <i>groseille</i>,
-- of German origin; cf. G. <i>krausbeere</i>,
<i>kr&auml;uselbeere</i> (fr. <i>kraus</i> crisp), D.
<i>kruisbes</i>, <i>kruisbezie</i> (as if <i>crossberry</i>, fr.
<i>kruis</i> cross; for <i>kroesbes</i>, <i>kroesbezie</i>, fr.
<i>kroes</i> crisp), Sw. <i>krusb&auml;r</i> (fr. <i>krus</i>,
<i>krusing</i>, crisp). The first part of the word is perh. akin to
E. <i>curl</i>.  Cf. <u>Grossular</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any thorny shrub of the genus
<i>Ribes</i>; also, the edible berries of such shrub. There are
several species, of which <i>Ribes Grossularia</i> is the one
commonly cultivated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A silly person; a goose cap.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Barbadoes gooseberry</b></col>, <cd>a climbing prickly
shrub (<i>Pereskia aculeata</i>) of the West Indies, which bears
edible berries resembling gooseberries.</cd> -- <col><b>Coromandel
gooseberry</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Carambola</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Gooseberry fool</b></col>. <cd>See lst <u>Fool</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Gooseberry worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva
of a small moth (<i>Dakruma convolutella</i>). It destroys the
gooseberry by eating the interior.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Goose"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Angler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goose"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of herbs (<i>Chenopodium</i>) mostly annual weeds;
pigweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goos"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gooseries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place
for keeping geese.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The characteristics or actions of a goose;
silliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The finical <i>goosery</i> of your neat sermon
actor.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goose"wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>One of the clews or lower corners of a course or a topsail when
the middle part or the rest of the sail is furled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goose"winged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having a "goosewing."</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Said of a fore-and-aft rigged vessel with
foresail set on one side and mainsail on the other; wing and
wing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goos"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a goose;
foolish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goost</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ghost; spirit.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A goat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go"-out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sluice in
embankments against the sea, for letting out the land waters, when
the tide is out.</def> [Written also <i>gowt</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Go"pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gaufre</i>
waffle, honeycomb. See <u>Gauffer</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of several North American burrowing
rodents of the genera <i>Geomys</i> and <i>Thomomys</i>, of the
family <i>Geomyid&aelig;</i>; -- called also <i>pocket gopher</i> and
<i>pouched rat</i>. See <u>Pocket gopher</u>, and
<u>Tucan</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name was originally given by French settlers to many
burrowing rodents, from their honeycombing the earth.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of several western American species of
the genus <i>Spermophilus</i>, of the family <i>Sciurid&aelig;</i>;
as, the gray gopher (<i>Spermophilus Franklini</i>) and the striped
gopher (<i>S. tridecemlineatus</i>); -- called also <i>striped
prairie squirrel</i>, <i>leopard marmot</i>, and <i>leopard
spermophile</i>. See <u>Spermophile</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A large land tortoise (<i>Testudo
Carilina</i>) of the Southern United States, which makes extensive
burrows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A large burrowing snake (<i>Spilotes
Couperi</i>) of the Southern United States.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gopher drift</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>an irregular
prospecting drift, following or seeking the ore without regard to
regular grade or section.</cd>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go"pher wood`</hw> (?). [Heb. <i>g&omacr;pher</i>.] <def>A
species of wood used in the construction of Noah's ark.</def>
<i>Gen. vi. 14.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Go*rac"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A paste
prepared from tobacco, and smoked in hookahs in Western
India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An Indian goat antelope (<i>Nemorhedus goral</i>), resembling
the chamois.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go"ra*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Gourami</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor"-bel`lied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bog-
bellied.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gor"-bel`ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gore</i> filth,
dirt + <i>belly</i>.] <def>A prominent belly; a big-bellied
person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gorce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gort</i>, nom.
<i>gorz</i>, gulf, L. <i>gurges</i> whirlpool, gulf, stream. See
<u>Gorge</u>.] <def>A pool of water to keep fish in; a wear.</def>
[Obs.]
</p>

<p><hw>Gor"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from
<i>gore</i> blood.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The moor cock, or red
grouse. See <u>Grouse</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gor"crow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gor</i> dung,
dirt. See <u>Gore</u> blood, dirt.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
carrion crow; -- called also <i>gercrow</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>gourd</i>.] [Perh. hollow, and so named in allusion to a
<i>gourd</i>.] <def>An instrument of gaming; a sort of dice.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gor`di*a"ce*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Gordian</u>, 1.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of nematoid
worms, including the hairworms or hair eels (<i>Gordius</i> and
<i>Mermis</i>). See <u>Gordius</u>, and <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to <i>Gordius</i>, king of Phrygia, or to a knot tied
by him; hence, intricate; complicated; inextricable.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gordian knot</b></col>, <cd>an intricate knot tied by
Gordius in the thong which connected the pole of the chariot with the
yoke. An oracle having declared that he who should untie it should be
master of Asia, Alexander the Great averted the ill omen of his
inability to loosen it by cutting it with his sword. Hence, a
<i>Gordian knot</i> is an inextricable difficulty; and to <i>cut the
Gordian knot</i> is to remove a difficulty by bold and energetic
measures.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
Gordiacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor"di*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Gordiacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gor"di*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Gordian</u>, 1.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of long,
slender, nematoid worms, parasitic in insects until near maturity,
when they leave the insect, and live in water, in which they deposit
their eggs; -- called also <i>hair eel</i>, <i>hairworm</i>, and
<i>hair snake</i>, from the absurd, but common and widely diffused,
notion that they are metamorphosed horsehairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gor</i> dirt,
dung; akin to Icel. <i>gor</i>, SW. <i>gorr</i>, OHG. <i>gor</i>, and
perh. to E. <i>cord</i>, <i>chord</i>, and <i>yarn</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>g&ouml;rn</i>, <i>garnir</i>, guts.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dirt;
mud.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Fisher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Blood; especially, blood that after
effusion has become thick or clotted.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gore</i>, <i>gare</i>,
AS. <i>g&?;ra</i> angular point of land, fr. <i>g&?;r</i> spear; akin
to D. <i>geer</i> gore, G. <i>gehre</i> gore, <i>ger</i> spear, Icel.
<i>geiri</i> gore, <i>geir</i> spear, and prob. to E. <i>goad</i>.
Cf. <u>Gar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Garlic</u>, and <u>Gore</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wedgeshaped or
triangular piece of cloth, canvas, etc., sewed into a garment, sail,
etc., to give greater width at a particular part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small traingular piece of land.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of the abatements. It is
made of two curved lines, meeting in an acute angle in the fesse
point.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is usually on the sinister side, and of the tincture
called <i>tenn&eacute;</i>. Like the other abatements it is a modern
fancy and not actually used.</p>

<p><hw>Gore</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Goring</u>.] [OE. <i>gar</i> spear, AS. <i>g&?;r</i>. See 2d
<u>Gore</u>.] <def>To pierce or wound, as with a horn; to penetrate
with a pointed instrument, as a spear; to stab.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The low stumps shall <i>gore</i><BR>
His daintly feet.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gore</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut in a traingular
form; to piece with a gore; to provide with a gore; as, to
<i>gore</i> an apron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gore"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>gore +
bill</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The garfish.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gor"fly`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gorflies</b></plw> (#). [<i>Gore</i> (AS. <i>gor</i>) dung +
<i>fly</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A dung fly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gorge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gorge</i>, LL.
<i>gorgia</i>, throat, narrow pass, and <i>gorga</i> abyss,
whirlpool, prob. fr. L. <i>gurgea</i> whirlpool, gulf, abyss; cf.
Skr. <i>gargara</i> whirlpool, <i>gr.</i> to devour.  Cf.
<u>Gorget</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The throat; the gullet; the
canal by which food passes to the stomach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherewith he gripped her <i>gorge</i> with so great
pain.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, how abhorred! . . . my <i>gorge</i> rises at
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow passage or entrance</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A defile between mountains.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The entrance into a bastion or other outwork
of a fort; -- usually synonymous with <i>rear</i>. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Bastion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is gorged or swallowed,
especially by a hawk or other fowl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And all the way, most like a brutish beast,<BR>
e spewed up his <i>gorge</i>, that all did him detest.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A filling or choking of a passage or
channel by an obstruction; as, an ice <i>gorge</i> in a
river.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A concave molding; a
cavetto.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The groove of a
pulley.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gorge circle</b></col> <i>(Gearing)</i>, <cd>the outline
of the smallest cross section of a hyperboloid of revolution.</cd> --
<col><b>Gorge hook</b></col>, <cd>two fishhooks, separated by a piece
of lead.</cd> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gorge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gorged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gorging</u> (?).] [F. <i>gorger</i>. See <u>Gorge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swallow; especially,
to swallow with greediness, or in large mouthfuls or
quantities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fish has <i>gorged</i> the hook.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To glut; to fill up to the throat; to
satiate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The giant <i>gorged</i> with flesh.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gorge</i> with my blood thy barbarous
appetite.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gorge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To eat greedily and
to satiety.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gorged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a gorge or throat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Bearing a coronet or ring
about the neck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Glutted; fed to the full.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor"ge*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small gorget, as of a humming bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor"geous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gorgias</i>
beautiful, glorious, vain, luxurious; cf. OF. <i>gorgias</i> ruff,
neck handkerchief, and F. <i>gorge</i> throat, and <i>se
pengorger</i> to assume airs.  Cf. <u>Gorge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Imposing through splendid or various
colors; showy; fine; magnificent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cloud-land, <i>gorgeous</i> land.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gorgeous</i> as the sun at midsummer.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Gor"geous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Gor"geous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Gor`ge*rin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>gorge</i> neck.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>In some columns, that part of
the capital between the termination of the shaft and the annulet of
the echinus, or the space between two neck moldings; -- called also
<i>neck of the capital</i>, and <i>hypotrachelium</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Column</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor"get</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gorgete</i>,
dim. of <i>gorge</i> throat. See <u>Gorge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of armor, whether of chain mail or of
plate, defending the throat and upper part of the breast, and forming
a part of the double breastplate of the 14th century.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of plate armor covering the same
parts and worn over the buff coat in the 17th century, and without
other steel armor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unfix the <i>gorget's</i> iron clasp.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small ornamental plate, usually
crescent-shaped, and of gilded copper, formerly hung around the neck
of officers in full uniform in some modern armies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A ruff worn by women.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
cutting instrument used in lithotomy.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A grooved instrunent used in performing various operations; --
called also <i>blunt gorget</i>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><! p. 640 !></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A crescent-shaped,
colored patch on the neck of a bird or mammal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gorget hummer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a humming
bird of the genus <i>Trochilus</i>. See <u>Rubythroat</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gor"gon</hw> (g&ocirc;r"g&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Gorgo</i>, <i>-onis</i>, Gr. <grk>Gorgw`</grk>, fr.
<grk>gorgo`s</grk> terrible.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i>
<def>One of three fabled sisters, Stheno, Euryale, and Medusa, with
snaky hair and of terrific aspect, the sight of whom turned the
beholder to stone. The name is particularly given to
Medusa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything very ugly or horrid.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The brindled gnu. See
<u>Gnu</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor"gon</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a Gorgon; very
ugly or terrific; as, a <i>Gorgon</i> face.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gor`go*na"ce*a</hw>
(g&ocirc;r`g&osl;*n&amacr;"sh&esl;*&adot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Gorgoniacea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor*go"ne*an</hw> (g&ocirc;r*g&omacr;"n&esl;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Gorgonian</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gor`go*ne"ion</hw> (g&ocirc;r`g&osl;*n&emacr;"y&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Gorgoneia</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>Gorgo`neios</grk>, equiv. to <grk>Gorgei^os</grk>
belonging to a Gorgon.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A mask carved in
imitation of a Gorgon's head.</def>  <i>Elmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gor*go"ni*a</hw> (g&ocirc;r*g&omacr;"n&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a coral which hardens in the air.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A genus of Gorgoniacea,
formerly very extensive, but now restricted to such species as the
West Indian sea fan (<i>Gorgonia flabellum</i>), sea plume (<i>G.
setosa</i>), and other allied species having a flexible, horny
axis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any slender branched gorgonian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gor*go`ni*a"ce*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Gorgonia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the principal
divisions of Alcyonaria, including those forms which have a firm and
usually branched axis, covered with a porous crust, or
c&oelig;nenchyma, in which the polyp cells are situated.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The axis is commonly horny, but it may be solid and stony
(composed of calcium carbonate), as in the red coral of commerce, or
it may be in alternating horny and stony joints, as in Isis. See
<u>Alcyonaria</u>, <u>Anthozoa</u>, <u>C&oelig;nenchyma</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Gor*go"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Gorgoneus</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a Gorgon;
terrifying into stone; terrific.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rest his look<BR>
Bound with <i>Gorgonian</i> rigor not to move.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
Gorgoniacea; as, <i>gorgonian</i> coral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor*go"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Gorgoniacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor"gon*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To have the
effect of a Gorgon upon; to turn into stone; to petrify.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gor"hen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gor-</i> as in
<i>gorcock</i> + <i>hen</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The female of
the gorcock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go*ril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [An African word;
found in a Greek translation of a treatise in Punic by Hanno, a
Carthaginian.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, arboreal, anthropoid
ape of West Africa. It is larger than a man, and is remarkable for
its massive skeleton and powerful muscles, which give it enormous
strength. In some respects its anatomy, more than that of any other
ape, except the chimpanzee, resembles that of man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor"ing</hw> (?), or <hw>Gor"ing cloth`</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of canvas cut
obliquely to widen a sail at the foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gorm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Axle grease. See
<u>Gome</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gorm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To daub, as the hands
or clothing, with gorm; to daub with anything sticky.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gor"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European cormorant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor"mand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gourmand</i>;
cf. Prov. F. <i>gourmer</i> to sip, to lap, <i>gourmacher</i> to eat
improperly, F. <i>gourme</i> mumps, glanders, Icel. <i>gormr</i> mud,
mire, Prov. E. <i>gorm</i> to smear, daub; all perh. akin to E.
<i>gore</i> blood, filth.  Cf. <u>Gourmand</u>.] <def>A greedy or
ravenous eater; a <u>luxurious feeder</u>; <u>a
gourmand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor"mand</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gluttonous;
voracious.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gor"mand*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gormand</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gor"mand*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Gluttony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gor"mand*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gormandized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Gormandizing</u> (?).] [F.
<i>gourmandise</i> gluttony. See <u>Gormand</u>.] <def>To eat
greedily; to swallow voraciously; to feed ravenously or like a
glutton.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gor"mand*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A greedy,
voracious eater; a gormand; a glutton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go*roon" shell`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large,
handsome, marine, univalve shell (<i>Triton femorale</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Gorse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; AS. <i>gorst</i>;
perh. akin to E. <i>grow</i>, <i>grass</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Furze. See <u>Furze</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The common, overgrown with fern, and rough<BR>
With prickly <i>gorse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gorse bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European
linnet; -- called also <i>gorse hatcher</i>.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Gorse chat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
winchat.</cd> -- <col><b>Gorse duck</b></col>, <cd>the corncrake; --
called also <i>grass drake</i>, <i>land drake</i>, and <i>corn
drake</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gor"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Gore</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered with gore or clotted
blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou canst not say I did it; never shake<BR>
Thy <i>gory</i> locks at me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bloody; murderous.</def> "<i>Gory</i>
emulation."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gos"hawk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>g&?;shafuc</i>, lit., goosehawk; or Icel. <i>g&amacr;shaukr</i>.
See <u>Goose</u>, and <u>Hawk</u> the bird.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any large hawk of the genus <i>Astur</i>, of which many species
and varieties are known. The European (<i>Astur palumbarius</i>) and
the American (<i>A. atricapillus</i>) are the best known species.
They are noted for their powerful flight, activity, and courage. The
Australian goshawk (<i>A. Nov&aelig;-Hollandi&aelig;</i>) is pure
white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gos"herd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gosherde</i>.
See <u>Goose</u>, and <u>Herd</u> a herdsman.] <def>One who takes
care of geese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gos"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several species of pygmy geese, of the genus
<i>Nettepus</i>. They are about the size of a teal, and inhabit
Africa, India, and Australia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gos"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>g&?;s</i>
goose + <i>-ling</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A young or unfledged goose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A catkin on nut trees and pines.</def>
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gos"pel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gospel</i>,
<i>godspel</i>, AS. <i>godspell</i>; <i>god</i> God + <i>spell</i>
story, tale. See <u>God</u>, and <u>Spell</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Glad tidings; especially, the good news
concerning Christ, the Kingdom of God, and salvation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Jesus went about all Galilee, teaching in their
synagogues, and preaching the <i>gospel</i> of the
kingdom.</blockquote> <i>Matt. iv. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The steadfast belief of the promises of the
<i>gospel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p>&fist; It is probable that <i>gospel</i> is from. OE.
<i>godspel</i>, God story, the narrative concerning God; but it was
early confused with <i>god spell</i>, good story, good tidings, and
was so used by the translators of the Authorized version of
Scripture. This use has been retained in most cases in the Revised
Version.</p>

<p><blockquote>Thus the literal sense [of <i>gospel</i>] is the
"narrative of God," <i>i. e.</i>, the life of Christ.</blockquote>
<i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the four narratives of the life and
death of Jesus Christ, written by Matthew, Mark, Luke, and
John.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A selection from one of the gospels, for
use in a religious service; as, the <i>gospel</i> for the
day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any system of religious doctrine;
sometimes, any system of political doctrine or social philosophy; as,
this political <i>gospel</i>.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Anything propounded or accepted as
infallibly true; as, they took his words for <i>gospel</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If any one thinks this expression hyperbolical, I
shall only ask him to read <i>&OElig;dipus</i>, instead of taking the
traditional witticisms about Lee for <i>gospel</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gos"pel</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accordant with, or
relating to, the gospel; evangelical; as, <i>gospel</i>
righteousness.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gos"pel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To instruct in the
gospel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gos"pel*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>godspellere</i>.] [Written also <i>gospeller</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the four evangelists.</def>  <i>Rom.
of R.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mark the <i>gospeler</i> was the ghostly son of Peter
in baptism.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A follower of Wyclif, the first English
religious reformer; hence, a Puritan.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The persecution was carried on against the
<i>gospelers</i> with much fierceness by those of the Roman
persuasion.</blockquote> <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A priest or deacon who reads the gospel at
the altar during the communion service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Archbishop of York was the celebrant, the
epistoler being the dean, and the <i>gospeler</i> the Bishop of
Sydney.</blockquote> <i>Pall Mall Gazette.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gos"pel*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gospelized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gospelizing</u> (?).] [Written also
<i>gospellize</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form according to the gospel; as, a
command <i>gospelized</i> to us.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To instruct in the gospel; to evangelize;
as, to <i>gospelize</i> the savages.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gorse</u>.]
<def>Gorse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gos"sa*mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>gossomer</i>, <i>gossummer</i>, <i>gosesomer</i>, perh. for
<i>goose summer</i>, from its downy appearance, or perh. for <i>God's
summer</i>, cf. G. <i>mariengarr</i> gossamer, properly Mary's yarn,
in allusion to the Virgin Mary. Perhaps the E. word alluded to a
legend that the gossamer was the remnant of the Virgin Mary's winding
sheet, which dropped from her when she was taken up to heaven. For
the use of <i>summer</i> in the sense of film or threads, cf. G.
<i>M&auml;dchensommer</i>, <i>Altweibersommer</i>, <i>fliegender
Sommer</i>, all meaning, gossamer.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fine, filmy substance, like cobwebs,
floating in the air, in calm, clear weather, especially in autumn. It
is seen in stubble fields and on furze or low bushes, and is formed
by small spiders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any very thin gauzelike fabric; also, a
thin waterproof stuff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An outer garment, made of waterproof
gossamer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gossamer spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
small or young spider which spins webs by which to sail in the air.
See <u>Ballooning spider</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gos"sa*mer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like
gossamer; flimsy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The greatest master of <i>gossamery</i>
affectation.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gos"san</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Decomposed rock, usually reddish or ferruginous (owing to
oxidized pyrites), forming the upper part of a metallic
vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gos`san*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Gossan</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Containing or producing
gossan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gos"sat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small British marine fish (<i>Motella tricirrata</i>); --
called also <i>whistler</i> and <i>three-bearded rockling</i>.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gos"sib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gossip.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gos"sip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gossib</i>,
<i>godsib</i>, a relation or sponsor in baptism, a relation by a
religious obligation, AS. <i>godsibb</i>, fr. <i>god + sib</i>
alliance, relation; akin to G. <i>sippe</i>, Goth. <i>sibja</i>, and
also to Skr. <i>sabh&amacr;</i> assembly.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sponsor; a godfather or a
godmother.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Should a great lady that was invited to be a
<i>gossip</i>, in her place send her kitchen maid, 't would be ill
taken.</blockquote> <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A friend or comrade; a companion; a
familiar and customary acquaintance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My noble <i>gossips</i>, ye have been too
prodigal.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who runs house to house, tattling and
telling news; an idle tattler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The common chat of <i>gossips</i> when they
meet.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The tattle of a gossip; groundless
rumor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bubbles o'er like a city with <i>gossip</i>, scandal,
and spite.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gos"sip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stand sponsor
to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gos"sip</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gossiped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gossiping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make merry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prate; to chat; to talk much.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To run about and tattle; to tell idle
tales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gos"sip*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One given to
gossip.</def>  <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gos"sip*rede</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Kindred</u>.] <def>The relationship between a person and his
sponsors.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gos"sip*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Spiritual relationship or affinity; gossiprede; special
intimacy.</def>  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Idle talk; gossip.</def>  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gos"sip*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of, or
given to, gossip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gos*soon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>garson</i>
an attendant, fr. F. <i>gar&ccedil;on</i>, OF. <i>gars</i>.] <def>A
boy; a servant.</def> [Ireland]</p>

<p><hw>||Gos*syp"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>gossypion</i>, <i>gossipion</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
plants which yield the cotton of the arts. The species are much
confused. <i>G. herbaceum</i> is the name given to the common cotton
plant, while the long-stapled sea-island cotton is produced by <i>G.
Barbadense</i>, a shrubby variety. There are several other kinds
besides these.</def></p>

<p><hw>Got</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Get</u>. See <u>Get</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. <i>gote</i>,
<i>gaute</i>, canal, G. <i>gosse</i>; akin to <i>giessen</i> to pour,
shed, AS. <i>ge&oacute;tan</i>, and E. <i>fuse to</i> melt.] <def>A
channel for water.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Crose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>a gutter.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Gothi</i>, pl.; cf.
Gr. &?;]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of an ancient
Teutonic race, who dwelt between the Elbe and the Vistula in the
early part of the Christian era, and who overran and took an
important part in subverting the Roman empire.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Under the reign of Valens, they took possession of Dacia
(the modern Transylvania and the adjoining regions), and came to be
known as <i>Ostrogoths</i> and <i>Visigoths</i>, or <i>East</i> and
<i>West</i> Goths; the former inhabiting countries on the Black Sea
up to the Danube, and the latter on this river generally. Some of
them took possession of the province of Moesia, and hence were called
<i>Moesogoths</i>. Others, who made their way to Scandinavia, at a
time unknown to history, are sometimes styled <i>Suiogoths</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is rude or uncivilized; a
barbarian; a rude, ignorant person.</def>  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go"tham*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wiseacre; a
person deficient in wisdom; -- so called from Gotham, in
Nottinghamshire, England, noted for some pleasant blunders.</def>
<i>Bp. Morton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go"tham*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A gothamist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant of New York city.</def>
[Jocular]  <i>Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Goth"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Gothicus</i>:
cf. F. <i>gothique</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the Goths; as, <i>Gothic</i>
customs; also, rude; barbarous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a style
of architecture with pointed arches, steep roofs, windows large in
proportion to the wall spaces, and, generally, great height in
proportion to the other dimensions -- prevalent in Western Europe
from about 1200 to 1475 <u>a. d.</u>  See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Abacus</u>, and <u>Capital</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goth"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
language of the Goths; especially, the language of that part of the
Visigoths who settled in Moesia in the 4th century. See
<u>Goth</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Bishop Ulfilas or Walfila translated most of the Bible into
Gothic about the Middle of the 4th century. The portion of this
translaton which is preserved is the oldest known literary document
in any Teutonic language.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of square-cut type, with no hair
lines.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <gothictype>This is Nonpareil GOTHIC.</gothictype> </p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The style described in
<u>Gothic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goth"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A Gothic idiom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conformity to the Gothic style of
architecture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rudeness of manners;
barbarousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goth"i*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gothicized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gothicizing</u> (?).] <def>To make Gothic; to bring
back to barbarism.</def></p>

<p><hw>G&ouml;"thite</hw>, <i>or</i> <hw>Goe"thite</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After the poet <i>G&ouml;the</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous oxide of iron, occurring in prismatic
crystals, also massive, with a fibrous, reniform, or stalactitic
structure. The color varies from yellowish to blackish
brown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Got"ten</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Get</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gouache</hw> (gw&adot;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., It.
<i>guazzo</i>.] <def>A method of painting with opaque colors, which
have been ground in water and mingled with a preparation of gum;
also, a picture thus painted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>gaide</i>, F.
<i>gu&egrave;de</i>, fr. OHG. <i>weit</i>; or cf. F. <i>gaude</i>
weld.  Cf. <u>Woad</u>.] <def>Woad.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Gou`dron"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., tar.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>a small fascine or fagot, steeped in wax, pitch,
and glue, used in various ways, as for igniting buildings or works,
or to light ditches and ramparts.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gouge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gouge</i>. LL.
<i>gubia</i>, <i>guvia</i>, <i>gulbia</i>, <i>gulvia</i>,
<i>gulvium</i>; cf. Bisc. <i>gubia</i> bow, <i>gubioa</i>
throat.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chisel, with a hollow or semicylindrical
blade, for scooping or cutting holes, channels, or grooves, in wood,
stone, etc.; a similar instrument, with curved edge, for turning
wood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bookbinder's tool for blind tooling or
gilding, having a face which forms a curve.</def></p>

<p><! p. 641 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An incising tool which cuts forms or
blanks for gloves, envelopes, etc. from leather, paper, etc.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Soft material lying
between the wall of a vein and the solid vein.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of scooping out with a gouge, or
as with a gouge; a groove or cavity scooped out, as with a
gouge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Imposition; cheat; fraud; also, an
impostor; a cheat; a trickish person.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Gouge bit</b></col>, <cd>a boring bit, shaped like a
gouge.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gouge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gouged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gouging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scoop out with a
gouge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To scoop out, as an eye, with the thumb
nail; to force out the eye of (a person) with the thumb.</def> [K
S.]</p>

<p>&fist; A barbarity mentioned by some travelers as formerly
practiced in the brutal frays of desperadoes in some parts of the
United States.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cheat in a bargain; to chouse.</def>
[Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Gou"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Plum Gouger</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gouge"shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sharp-edged, tubular, marine shell, of the
genus <i>Vermetus</i>; also, the pinna. See
<u>Vermetus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gou"jere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gouge</i>
prostitute, a camp trull.  Cf. <u>Good-year</u>.] <def>The venereal
disease.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gou"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Golding</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gou*lard"s" ex"tract"</hw> (?). [Named after the introducer,
Thomas <i>Goulard</i>, a French surgeon.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
aqueous solution of the subacetate of lead, used as a lotion in cases
of inflammation. Goulard's cerate is a cerate containing this
extract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Giaour</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fire worshiper; a Gheber or Gueber.</def>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Koulan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gou"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several species of large, crested ground pigeons of the
genus <i>Goura</i>, inhabiting New Guinea and adjacent islands. The
Queen Victoria pigeon (<i>Goura Victoria</i>) and the crowned pigeon
(<i>G. coronata</i>) are among the best known species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gou"ra*mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A very largo East Indian freshwater fish (<i>Osphromenus
gorami</i>), extensively reared in artificial ponds in tropical
countries, and highly valued as a food fish. Many unsuccessful
efforts have been made to introduce it into Southern Europe.</def>
[Written also <i>goramy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gourd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gourde</i>, OF.
<i>cougourde</i>, <i>gouhourde</i>, fr. L. <i>cucurbita</i> gourd
(cf. NPr. <i>cougourdo</i>); perh. akin to corbin basket, E.
<i>corb</i>.  Cf. <u>Cucurbite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A fleshy, three-celled, many-seeded fruit, as the melon,
pumpkin, cucumber, etc., of the order <i>Cucurbitace&aelig;</i>; and
especially the bottle gourd (<i>Lagenaria vulgaris</i>) which occurs
in a great variety of forms, and, when the interior part is removed,
serves for bottles, dippers, cups, and other dishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dipper or other vessel made from the
shell of a gourd; hence, a drinking vessel; a bottle.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bitter gourd</b></col>, <cd>colocynth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gourd</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A false die. See
<u>Gord</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gourd</hw>, <hw>Gourde</hw>  } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>gordo</i> large.] <def>A silver dollar; --  so called in Cuba,
Hayti, etc.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gourd"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Gourdy</u>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>The state of being
gourdy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gourd" tree"</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree (the
<i>Crescentia Cujete</i>, or calabash tree) of the West Indies and
Central America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gourd"worm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The fluke of sheep. See <u>Fluke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gourd"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Either fr.
<u>gourd</u>, or fr. F. <i>gourd</i> benumbed.] <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>Swelled in the legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gour"mand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A greedy or
ravenous eater; a glutton. See <u>Gormand</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That great <i>gourmand</i>, fat Apicius</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gour`met"</hw> (g&oomac;r`m&asl;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>A connoisseur in eating and drinking; an epicure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gour"net</hw> (g&ucirc;r"n&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish. See <u>Gurnet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gout</hw> (gout), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>goutte</i> a
drop, the gout, the disease being considered as a defluxion, fr. L.
<i>gutta</i> drop.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A drop; a clot or coagulation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On thy blade and dudgeon <i>gouts</i> of
blood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A constitutional disease,
occurring by paroxysms. It consists in an inflammation of the fibrous
and ligamentous parts of the joints, and almost always attacks first
the great toe, next the smaller joints, after which it may attack the
greater articulations. It is attended with various sympathetic
phenomena, particularly in the digestive organs. It may also attack
internal organs, as the stomach, the intestines, etc.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A disease of cornstalks. See <i>Corn
fly</i>, under <u>Corn</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gout stones</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Chalkstone</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Go&ucirc;t</hw> (g&oomac;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>gustus</i> taste. See <u>Gusto</u>.] <def>Taste; relish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gout"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a gouty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gout"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
gouty; gout.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gout"weed`</hw> (&?;), <hw>Gout"wort`</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from having been formerly used in
assuaging the pain of the gout.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A coarse
umbelliferous plant of Europe (<i>&AElig;gopodium Podagraria</i>); --
called also <i>bishop's weed</i>, <i>ashweed</i>, and <i>herb
gerard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gout"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Diseased with, or subject to, the gout; as, a <i>gouty</i>
person; a <i>gouty</i> joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the gout.</def>
"<i>Gouty</i> matter."  <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Swollen, as if from gout.</def>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Boggy; as, <i>gouty</i> land.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gouty bronchitis</b></col>, <cd>bronchitis arising as a
secondary disease during the progress of gout.</cd> -- <col><b>Gouty
concretions</b></col>, <cd>calculi (urate of sodium) formed in the
joints, kidneys, etc., of sufferers from gout.</cd> -- <col><b>Gouty
kidney</b></col>, <cd>an affection occurring during the progress of
gout, the kidney shriveling and containing concretions of urate of
sodium.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gove</hw> (g&omacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>goaf</i>,
<i>goof</i>, <i>goff</i>.] <def>A mow; a rick for hay.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Governed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Governing</u>.] [OF. <i>governer</i>, F. <i>gouverner</i>, fr. L.
<i>gubernare</i> to steer, pilot, govern, Gr. <grk>kyberna^n</grk>.
Cf. <u>Gubernatorial</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To direct and
control, as the actions or conduct of men, either by established laws
or by arbitrary will; to regulate by authority.</def> "Fit to
<i>govern</i> and rule multitudes."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To regulate; to influence; to direct; to
restrain; to manage; as, to <i>govern</i> the life; to <i>govern</i>
a horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Govern</i> well thy appetite.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To require to be in a
particular case; as, a transitive verb <i>governs</i> a noun in the
objective case; or to require (a particular case); as, a transitive
verb <i>governs</i> the objective case.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To exercise
authority; to administer the laws; to have the control.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Governableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gouvernable</i>.] <def>Capable of being governed, or subjected to
authority; controllable; manageable; obedient.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being governable; manageableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern*al</hw> (?), <hw>Gov"ern*ail</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>gouvernail</i> helm, rudder, L.
<i>gubernaculum</i>.] <def>Management; mastery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. gouvernance.]
<def>Exercise of authority; control; government; arrangement.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern*ante"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gouvernante</i>. See <u>Govern</u>.] <def>A governess.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>governeresse</i>. See <u>Governor</u>.] <def>A female governor; a
woman invested with authority to control and direct; especially, one
intrusted with the care and instruction of children, -- usually in
their homes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Holding the superiority; prevalent; controlling; as, a
<i>governing</i> wind; a <i>governing</i> party in a state.</def>
<i>Jay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Requiring a particular
case.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gouvernement</i>. See <u>Govern</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of governing; the exercise of authority; the administration of
laws; control; direction; regulation; as, civil, church, or family
government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mode of governing; the system of
polity in a state; the established form of law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That free <i>government</i> which we have so dearly
purchased, free commonwealth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The right or power of governing;
authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I here resign my <i>government</i> to
thee.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The person or persons authorized to
administer the laws; the ruling power; the administration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When we, in England, speak of the <i>government</i>,
we generally understand the ministers of the crown for the time
being.</blockquote> <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The body politic governed by one
authority; a state; as, the <i>governments</i> of Europe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Management of the limbs or body.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The influence of a word in
regard to construction, requiring that another word should be in a
particular case.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gouvernemental</i>.] <def>Pertaining to government; made by
government; as, <i>governmental</i> duties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>governor</i>, <i>governour</i>, OF. <i>governeor</i>, F.
<i>gouverneur</i>, fr. L. <i>gubernator</i> steersman, ruler,
governor. See <u>Govern</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
governs; especially, one who is invested with the supreme executive
authority in a State; a chief ruler or magistrate; as, the
<i>governor</i> of Pennsylvania.</def> "The <i>governor</i> of the
town."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has the care or guardianship of a
young man; a tutor; a guardian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A pilot; a steersman.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A contrivance applied to
steam engines, water wheels, and other machinery, to maintain nearly
uniform speed when the resistances and motive force are
variable.</def></p>

<p>
&fist; The illustration shows a form of <i>governor</i> commonly used
for steam engines, in wich a heavy sleeve (<i>a</i>) sliding on a
rapidly revolving spindle (<i>b</i>), driven by the engine, is raised
or lowered, when the speed varies, by the changing centrifugal force
of two balls (<i>c c</i>) to which it is connected by links (<i>d
d</i>), the balls being attached to arms (<i>e e</i>) which are
jointed to the top of the spindle. The sleeve is connected with the
throttle valve or cut-off through a lever (<i>f</i>), and its motion
produces a greater supply of steam when the engine runs too slowly
and a less supply when too fast.</p>

<p><col><b>Governor cut-off</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a
variable cut-off gear in which the governor acts in such a way as to
cause the steam to be cut off from entering the cylinder at points of
the stroke dependent upon the engine's speed.</cd> --
<col><b>Hydraulic governor</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a governor
which is operated by the action of a liquid in flowing; a
cataract.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern*or gen"er*al</hw> (?). <def>A governor who has
lieutenant or deputy governors under him; as, the <i>governor
general</i> of Canada, of India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gov"ern*or*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
a governor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gow"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot., fr. Gael.
<i>gugan</i> bud, flower, daisy.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The daisy,
or mountain daisy.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And pu'd the <i>gowans</i> fine.</blockquote>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Decomposed
granite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gow"an*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having, abounding
in, or decked with, daisies.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sweeter than <i>gowany</i> glens or new-mown
hay.</blockquote> <i>Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gowd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gold</u>.]
<def>Gold; wealth.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The man's the <i>gowd</i> for a' that.</blockquote>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gowd"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Golden.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Gow"die</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Dragont</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Gowd"nook"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The saury pike; -- called also gofnick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gowk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Gawk</u>.]
<def>To make a, booby of one); to stupefy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gowk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gawk</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The European cuckoo; --
called also gawky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A simpleton; a gawk or gawky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gowl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gaulen</i>,
<i>goulen</i>.  Cf. <u>Yawl</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To
howl.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gown</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>goune</i>, prob.
from W. <i>gwn</i> gown, loose robe, akin to Ir. <i>gunn</i>, Gael.
<i>g&ugrave;n</i>; cf. OF. <i>gone</i>, prob. of the same origin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A loose, flowing upper garment</def>;
especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The ordinary outer dress of a
woman; as, a calico or silk <i>gown</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The official robe of certain professional men and scholars, as
university students and officers, barristers, judges, etc.; hence,
the dress of peace; the dress of civil officers, in distinction from
military.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He Mars deposed, and arms to <i>gowns</i> made
yield.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A loose wrapper worn by gentlemen within
doors; a dressing gown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any sort of dress or garb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He comes . . . in the <i>gown</i> of
humility.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gowned</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Dressed in a
gown; clad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gowned</i> in pure white, that fitted to the
shape.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gowns"man</hw> (?), <hw>Gown"man</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-men</b></plw> (-men).
<def>One whose professional habit is a gown, as a divine or lawyer,
and particularly a member of an English university; hence, a
civilian, in distinction from a soldier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Goz"zard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gosherd</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Graaf"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or discovered by, Regnier de Graaf, a Dutch
physician.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Graafian follicles</b></col><cd> or vesicles, small
cavities in which the ova are developed in the ovaries of mammals,
and by the bursting of which they are discharged.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Graal</hw> (gr&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Grail</u>, a dish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grab</hw> (gr&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. &amp; Hind.
<i>ghur&amacr;b</i> crow, raven, a kind of Arab ship.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A vessel used on the Malabar coast, having two or three
masts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grab</hw> (gr&abreve;b), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Grabbed</u> (gr&abreve;bd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Grabbing</u>.] [Akin to Sw.
<i>grabba</i> to grasp.  Cf. <u>Grabble</u>, <u>Grapple</u>,
<u>Grasp</u>.] <def>To gripe suddenly; to seize; to snatch; to
clutch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sudden grasp or seizure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for clutching objects for
the purpose of raising them; -- specially applied to devices for
withdrawing drills, etc., from artesian and other wells that are
drilled, bored, or driven.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grab bag</b></col>, <cd>at fairs, a bag or box holding
small articles which are to be drawn, without being seen, on payment
of a small sum.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Grab game</b></col>, <cd>a
theft committed by grabbing or snatching a purse or other piece of
property.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Grab"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who seizes or
grabs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grab"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grabbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grabbling</u> (&?;).] [Freq. of <i>grab</i>; cf. D.
<i>grabbelen</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grope; to feel with the
hands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He puts his hands into his pockets, and keeps a
<i>grabbling</i> and fumbling.</blockquote> <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lie prostrate on the belly; to sprawl
on the ground; to grovel.</def>  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gr&acirc;ce</i>,
L. <i>gratia</i>, from <i>gratus</i> beloved, dear, agreeable; perh.
akin to Gr. &?; to rejoice, &?; favor, grace, Skr. <i>hary</i> to
desire, and E. yearn.  Cf. <u>Grateful</u>, <u>Gratis</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The exercise of love, kindness, mercy, favor;
disposition to benefit or serve another; favor bestowed or privilege
conferred.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To bow and sue for <i>grace</i><BR>
With suppliant knee.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The divine favor toward
man; the mercy of God, as distinguished from His justice; also, any
benefits His mercy imparts; divine love or pardon; a state of
acceptance with God; enjoyment of the divine favor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And if by <i>grace</i>, then is it no more of
works.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xi. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>grace</i> is sufficicnt for thee.</blockquote>
<i>2 Cor. xii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where sin abounded, <i>grace</i> did much more
abound.</blockquote> <i>Rom. v. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By whom also we have access by faith into this
<i>grace</i> wherein we stand.</blockquote> <i>Rom. v.2</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
prerogative of mercy execised by the executive, as pardon.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The same prerogative when exercised in the
form of equitable relief through chancery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fortune; luck; -- used commonly with
<i>hard</i> or <i>sorry</i> when it means misfortune.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Inherent excellence; any endowment or
characteristic fitted to win favor or confer pleasure or
benefit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is complete in feature and in mind.<BR>
With all good <i>grace</i> to grace a gentleman.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have formerly given the general character of Mr.
Addison's style and manner as natural and unaffected, easy and
polite, and full of those <i>graces</i> which a flowery imagination
diffuses over writing.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><! p. 642 !></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Beauty, physical, intellectual, or moral;
loveliness; commonly, easy elegance of manners; perfection of
form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Grace</i> in women gains the affections sooner, and
secures them longer, than any thing else.</blockquote>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall answer and thank you again For the gift and
the <i>grace</i> of the gift.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>Graceful and
beautiful females, sister goddesses, represented by ancient writers
as the attendants sometimes of Apollo but oftener of Venus. They were
commonly mentioned as three in number; namely, Aglaia, Euphrosyne,
and Thalia, and were regarded as the inspirers of the qualities which
give attractiveness to wisdom, love, and social
intercourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Graces</i> love to weave the rose.</blockquote>
<i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Loves delighted, and the <i>Graces</i>
played.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The title of a duke, a duchess, or an
archbishop, and formerly of the king of England.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How fares your <i>Grace</i> !</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Commonly pl.)</i> <def>Thanks.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yielding <i>graces</i> and thankings to their lord
Melibeus.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A petition for grace; a blessing asked,
or thanks rendered, before or after a meal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Ornamental notes
or short passages, either introduced by the performer, or indicated
by the composer, in which case the notation signs are called <i>grace
notes</i>, <i>appeggiaturas</i>, <i>turns</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Universities)</i> <def>An act, vote,
or decree of the government of the institution; a degree or privilege
conferred by such vote or decree.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A play designed to promote or
display grace of motion. It consists in throwing a small hoop from
one player to another, by means of two sticks in the hands of each.
Called also <i>grace hoop</i> or <i>hoops</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Act of grace</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Act</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Day of grace</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>the time of
probation, when the offer of divine forgiveness is made and may be
accepted.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>That day of <i>grace</i> fleets fast
away.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Days of grace</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>the days
immediately following the day when a bill or note becomes due, which
days are allowed to the debtor or payer to make payment in.  In Great
Britain and the United States, the <i>days of grace</i> are
<i>three</i>, but in some countries more, the usages of merchants
being different.</cd> -- <col><b>Good graces</b></col>, <cd>favor;
friendship.</cd> -- <col><b>Grace cup</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A cup or vessel in which a health is drunk after grace.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A health drunk after grace has been
said.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>grace</i> cup follows to his sovereign's
health.</blockquote> <i>Hing.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Grace drink</b></col>, <cd>a drink taken on rising from
the table; a grace cup.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>To [Queen Margaret, of Scotland] . . . we owe the
custom of the <i>grace drink</i>, she having established it as a rule
at her table, that whosoever staid till grace was said was rewarded
with a bumper.</blockquote> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Grace hoop</b></col>, <cd>a hoop used in playing
graces. See <u>Grace</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 13.</cd> --
<col><b>Grace note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an appoggiatura. See
<u>Appoggiatura</u>, and def. 11 above.</cd> -- <col><b>Grace
stroke</b></col>, <cd>a finishing stoke or touch; a coup de
grace.</cd> -- <col><b>Means of grace</b></col>, <cd>means of
securing knowledge of God, or favor with God, as the preaching of the
gospel, etc.</cd> --  <col><b>To do grace</b></col>, <cd>to reflect
credit upon.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Content to do the profession some
<i>grace</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To say grace</b></col>, <cd>to render thanks before or
after a meal.</cd> -- <col><b>With a good grace</b></col>, <cd>in a
fit and proper manner grace fully; graciously.</cd> -- <col><b>With a
bad grace</b></col>, <cd>in a forced, reluctant, or perfunctory
manner; ungraciously.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>What might have been done with a good <i>grace</i>
would at least<BR>
be done with a bad grace.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Elegance; comeliness; charm; favor; kindness;
mercy.  -- <u>Grace</u>, <u>Mercy</u>. These words, though often
interchanged, have each a distinctive and peculiar meaning.
<i>Grace</i>, in the strict sense of the term, is spontaneous favor
to the guilty or undeserving; mercy is kindness or compassion to the
suffering or condemned. It was the <i>grace</i> of God that opened a
way for the exercise of <i>mercy</i> toward men. See
<u>Elegance</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Grace</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Graced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gracing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To adorn; to decorate;
to embellish and dignify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great Jove and Phoebus graced his noble
line.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are <i>graced</i> with wreaths of
victory.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dignify or raise by an act of favor; to
honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He might, at his pleasure, <i>grace</i> or disgrace
whom he would<BR>
in court.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To supply with heavenly grace.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To add grace notes,
cadenzas, etc., to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Endowed with grace;
beautiful; full of graces; honorable.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grace"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Displaying grace
or beauty in form or action; elegant; easy; agreeable in appearance;
as, a <i>graceful</i> walk, deportment, speaker, air, act,
speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>High o'er the rest in arms the <i>graceful</i> Turnus
rode.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Grace"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<wf>Grace"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Grace"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wanting in grace or excellence; departed from, or deprived of,
divine grace; hence, depraved; corrupt.</def> "In a <i>graceless</i>
age."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unfortunate.  Cf. <u>Grace</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Grace"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Grace"less-ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Grac"ile</hw> (?), <hw>Grac"il*lent</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gracilis</i>, <i>gracilentus</i>.]
<def>Slender; thin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gra*cil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. gracilitas;
cf.  F. <i>gracilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>State of being gracilent;
slenderness.</def> <i>Milman.</i> "Youthful <i>gracility</i>."  <i>W.
D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gra"cious</hw> (gr&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F. <i>gracieux</i>, L. <i>gratiosus</i>. See <u>Grace</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in grace or mercy; manifesting
love, or bestowing mercy; characterized by grace; beneficent;
merciful; disposed to show kindness or favor; condescending; as, his
most <i>gracious</i> majesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A god ready to pardon, <i>gracious</i> and
merciful.</blockquote> <i>Neh.  ix. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So hallowed and so <i>gracious</i> in the
time.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in beauty, loveliness, or
amiability; graceful; excellent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since the birth of Cain, the first male child, . . .
<BR>
There was not such a <i>gracious</i> creature born.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Produced by divine grace; influenced or
controlled by the divine influence; as, <i>gracious</i>
affections.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Favorable; kind; benevolent; friendly; beneficent;
benignant; merciful.</p>

<p><hw>Gra"cious*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a gracious manner; courteously;
benignantly.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fortunately; luckily.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gra"cious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being gracious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grac"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>graculus</i> jackdaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One of several American blackbirds, of the family
<i>Icterid&aelig;</i>; as, the rusty grackle (<i>Scolecophagus
Carolinus</i>); the boat-tailed grackle (see Boat-tail); the purple
grackle (<i>Quiscalus quiscula</i>, or <i>Q. versicolor</i>). See
<i>Crow blackbird</i>, under <u>Crow</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An Asiatic bird of the genus <i>Gracula</i>. See
<u>Myna</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Grade</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grade or arrange (parts in a whole, colors
in painting, etc.), so that they shall harmonize.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To bring to a certain
strength or grade of concentration; as, to gradate a saline
solution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, [L.
<i>gradatio</i>: cf. F. <i>gradation</i>. See <u>Grade</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of progressing by regular steps or
orderly arrangement; the state of being graded or arranged in ranks;
as, the gradation of castes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of bringing to a
certain grade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any degree or relative position in an
order or series.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The several <i>gradations</i> of the intelligent
universe.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A gradual passing from
one tint to another or from a darker to a lighter shade, as in
painting or drawing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A diatonic ascending or
descending succession of chords.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*da"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form with
gradations.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gra*da"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>By regular
steps or gradations; of or pertaining to gradation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grad"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Grade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding step by step, or by
gradations; gradual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Could we have seen [Macbeth's] crimes darkening on
their progress . . . could this <i>gradatory</i> apostasy have been
shown us.</blockquote> <i>A. Seward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Suitable for walking;
-- said of the limbs of an animal when adapted for walking on
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grad"a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>gradatarium</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A series of steps from a
cloister into a church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>grade</i>, L.
<i>gradus</i> step, pace, grade, from <i>gradi</i> to step, go.  Cf.
<u>Congress</u>, <u>Degree</u>, <u>Gradus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A step or degree in any series, rank, quality, order; relative
position or standing; as, <i>grades</i> of military rank; crimes of
every <i>grade</i>; <i>grades</i> of flour.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They also appointed and removed, at their own
pleasure,<BR>
teachers of every <i>grade</i>.</blockquote> <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>In a railroad or highway</i>:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The rate of ascent or descent; gradient;
deviation from a level surface to an inclined plane; -- usually
stated as so many feet per mile, or as one foot rise or fall in so
many of horizontal distance; as, a heavy <i>grade</i>; a <i>grade</i>
of twenty feet per mile, or of 1 in 264.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A graded ascending, descending, or level portion of a road; a
gradient.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Breeding)</i> <def>The result of
crossing a native stock with some better breed. If the crossbreed
have more than three fourths of the better blood, it is called high
grade.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At grade</b></col>, <cd>on the same level; -- said of the
crossing of a railroad with another railroad or a highway, when they
are on the same level at the point of crossing.</cd> -- <col><b>Down
grade</b></col>, <cd>a descent, as on a graded railroad.</cd> --
<col><b>Up grade</b></col>, <cd>an ascent, as on a graded
railroad.</cd> -- <col><b>Equating for grades</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Equate</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Grade crossing</b></col>, <cd>a
crossing at grade.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grade</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Graded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grading</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To arrange in order, steps,
or degrees, according to size, quality, rank, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to a level, or to an evenly
progressive ascent, as the line of a canal or road.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Breeding)</i> <def>To cross with some
better breed; to improve the blood of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grade"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>grad</i>
grade, step, order, fr. L. <i>gradus</i>. See <u>Grade</u>.]
<def>Decent; orderly.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i> --
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Decently; in order.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Grad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who grades, or
that by means of which grading is done or facilitated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra"di*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gradiens</i>,
<i>p. pr.</i> of <i>gradi</i> to step, to go. See <u>Grade</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving by steps; walking; as, <i>gradient</i>
automata.</def>  <i>Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rising or descending by regular degrees of
inclination; as, the <i>gradient</i> line of a railroad.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Adapted for walking, as the feet of
certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra"di*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The rate of regular or graded ascent or descent in a road;
grade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part of a road which slopes upward or
downward; a portion of a way not level; a grade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The rate of increase or decrease of a
variable magnitude, or the curve which represents it; as, a
thermometric gradient.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gradient post</b></col>, <cd>a post or stake indicating by
its height or by marks on it the grade of a railroad, highway, or
embankment, etc., at that spot.</cd>
</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Gra"din</hw> (?), <hw>Gra*dine"</hw> (?),}
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gradin</i>, <i>dim</i>. <i>of grade</i>.
See <u>Grade</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Any member like a step, as the
raised back of an altar or the like; a set raised over another.</def>
"The <i>gradines</i> of the amphitheeater."  <i>Layard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gra*dine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gradine</i>.]
<def>A toothed chised by sculptors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grad"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or method
of arranging in or by grade, or of bringing, as the surface of land
or a road, to the desired level or grade.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gra*di"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gradinos</b></plw> (#). [It.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A step or
raised shelf, as above a sideboard or altar.  Cf. <u>Superaltar</u>,
and <u>Gradin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grad"u*al"</hw> (?); <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf; F.
<i>graduel</i>. See <u>Grade</u>, and cf. <u>Gradual</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Proceeding by steps or degrees; advancing,
step by step, as in ascent or descent or from one state to another;
regularly progressive; slow; as, a <i>gradual</i> increase of
knowledge; a <i>gradual</i> decline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Creatures animate with <i>gradual</i> life<BR>
Of growth, sense, reason, all summed up in man.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grad"u*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>graduale</i> a
gradual (in sense 1), fr. L. <i>gradus</i> step: cf. F.
<i>graduel</i>. See <u>Grade</u>, and cf. <u>Grail</u> a gradual.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
antiphon or responsory after the epistle, in the Mass, which was sung
on the steps, or while the deacon ascended the steps.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A service book containing the musical
portions of the Mass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A series of steps.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grad"u*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being gradual; gradualness.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grad"u*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a gradual manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In degree.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Human reason doth not only <i>gradually</i>, but
specifically, differ from the fantastic reason of
brutes.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grad"u*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being gradual; regular progression or gradation;
slowness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>gradualness</i> of this movement.</blockquote>
<i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>gradualness</i> of growth is a characteristic
which strikes the simplest observer.</blockquote> <i>H.
Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grad"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Graduated</u> (?) <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Graduating</u> (&?;).] [Cf. F. <i>graduer</i>. See
<u>Graduate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Grade</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark with degrees; to divide into
regular steps, grades, or intervals, as the scale of a thermometer, a
scheme of punishment or rewards, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To admit or elevate to a certain grade or
degree; esp., in a college or university, to admit, at the close of
the course, to an honorable standing defined by a diploma; as, he was
graduated at Yale College.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To prepare gradually; to arrange, temper,
or modify by degrees or to a certain degree; to determine the degrees
of; as, to graduate the heat of an oven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dyers advance and graduate their colors with
salts.</blockquote> <i>Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To bring to a certain
degree of consistency, by evaporation, as a fluid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Graduating engine</b></col>, <cd>a dividing engine. See
<i>Dividing</i> engine, under <u>Dividing</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grad"u*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pass by degrees; to change gradually; to shade off; as,
sandstone which <i>graduates</i> into gneiss; carnelian sometimes
<i>graduates</i> into quartz.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>To taper, as the tail
of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take a degree in a college or
university; to become a graduate; to receive a diploma.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>graduated</i> at Oxford.</blockquote>
<i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was brought to their bar and asked where he had
<i>graduated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grad"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>graduatus</i>, p. p. of graduare to admit to a degree, fr. L.
<i>gradus</i> grade. See <u>Grade</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who has received an academical or
professional degree; one who has completed the prescribed course of
study in any school or institution of learning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A graduated cup, tube, or flask; a
measuring glass used by apothecaries and chemists. See under
<u>Graduated</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grad"u*ate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Graduate</u>,
<pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos>] <def>Arranged by successive steps or
degrees; graduated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beginning with the genus, passing through all the
<i>graduate</i><BR>
and subordinate stages.</blockquote> <i>Tatham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grad"u*a"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Marked with, or divided into, degrees; divided into
grades.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Tapered; -- said of a
bird's tail when the outer feathers are shortest, and the others
successively longer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Graduated</b></col> <col><b>tube, bottle, cap, or
glass</b></col>, <cd>a vessel, usually of glass, having horizontal
marks upon its sides, with figures, to indicate the amount of the
contents at the several levels.</cd> -- <col><b>Graduated
spring</b></col> <i>(Railroads)</i>, <cd>a combination of metallic
and rubber springs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grad"u*ate*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
a graduate.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grad"u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. graduatio
promotion to a degree: cf. F. graduation division into degrees.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of graduating, or the state of
being graduated; as, <i>graduation</i> of a scale; <i>graduation</i>
at a college; graduation in color; <i>graduation</i> by evaporation;
the <i>graduation</i> of a bird's tail, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The marks on an instrument or vessel to
indicate degrees or quantity; a scale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The exposure of a liquid in large surfaces
to the air, so as to hasten its evaporation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grad"u*a"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who determines or indicates graduation; as, a graduator of
instruments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for dividing any line, right
or curve, into small, regular intervals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An apparatus for diffusing a solution, as
brine or vinegar, over a large surface, for exposure to the
air.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gra"dus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. gradus ad
Parnassum a step to Parnassus.] <def>A dictionary of prosody,
designed as an aid in writing Greek or Latin poetry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He set to work . . . without <i>gradus</i> or other
help.</blockquote> <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Graf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.  Cf. <u>-grave</u>.]
<def>A German title of nobility, equivalent to earl in English, or
count in French. See <u>Earl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>grafe</i>,
<i>greife</i>, <i>greive</i>.  Cf. <u>Margrave</u>.] <def>A steward;
an overseer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[A prince] is nothing but a servant, overseer, or
<i>graff</i>, and not the head, which is a title belonging only to
Christ.</blockquote> <i>John Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Graff</hw> <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Graft</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graff"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Grave,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The scarp of a ditch or moat.</def> "To
clean the <i>graffages</i>."  <i>Miss Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Graf"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See Greffier.]
<i>(Law.)</i> <def>a notary or scrivener.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><! p. 643  !></p>

<p><hw>||Graf*fi"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [It., pl. of
<i>graffito</i> scratched] <def>Inscriptions, figure drawings, etc.,
found on the walls of ancient sepulchers or ruins, as in the
Catacombs, or at Pompeii.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>graff</i>, F.
<i>greffe</i>, originally the same word as OF. <i>grafe</i> pencil,
L. <i>graphium</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?; to write; prob. akin to E.
<i>carve</i>. So named from the resemblance of a scion or shoot to a
pointed pencil.  Cf. <u>Graphic</u>, <u>Grammar.</u>]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small shoot or scion of a tree inserted in
another tree, the stock of which is to support and nourish it. The
two unite and become one tree, but the graft determines the kind of
fruit.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A branch or portion of a tree
growing from such a shoot.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>A portion of living tissue used in the operation of
autoplasty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graft</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grafted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grafting</u>.] [F. <i>greffer</i>. See <u>Graft</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To insert (a graft) in
a branch or stem of another tree; to propagate by insertion in
another stock; also, to insert a graft upon.</def> [Formerly written
<i>graff</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>To implant a portion of
(living flesh or akin) in a lesion so as to form an organic
union.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To join (one thing) to another as if by
grafting, so as to bring about a close union.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>graft</i> my love immortal on thy fame
!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To cover, as a ring bolt,
block strap, splicing, etc., with a weaving of small cord or rope-
yarns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graft</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To insert scions from
one tree, or kind of tree, etc., into another; to practice
grafting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graft"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who inserts scions on other stocks, or propagates fruit by
ingrafting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An instrument by which grafting is
facilitated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The original tree from which a scion has
been taken for grafting upon another tree.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Graft"ing</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> 1. <i>(Hort.)</i> The act,
art, or process of inserting grafts.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The act or method of
weaving a cover for a ring, rope end, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The transplanting of a
portion of flesh or skin to a denuded surface; autoplasty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A scarfing or endwise
attachment of one timber to another.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cleft grafting</b></col> <i>(Hort.)</i> <cd>a method of
grafting in which the scion is placed in a cleft or slit in the stock
or stump made by sawing off a branch, usually in such a manaer that
its bark evenly joins that of the stock.</cd> -- <col><b>Crown, or
Rind, grafting</b></col>, <cd>a method of grafting which the alburnum
and inner bark are separated, and between them is inserted the lower
end of the scion cut slantwise.</cd> -- <col><b>Saddle
grafting</b></col>, <cd>a mode of grafting in which a deep cleft is
made in the end of the scion by two sloping cuts, and the end of the
stock is made  wedge-shaped to fit the cleft in the scion, which is
placed upon it saddlewise.</cd> -- <col><b>Side grafting</b></col>,
<cd>a mode of grafting in which the scion, cut quite across very
obliquely, so as to give it the form of a slender wedge, is thrust
down inside of the bark of the stock or stem into which it is
inserted, the cut side of the scion being next the wood of the
stock.</cd> -- <col><b>Skin grafting</b></col>. <i>(Surg.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Autoplasty.</u></cd> -- <col><b>Splice grafting</b></col>
<i>(Hort.)</i>, <cd>a method of grafting by cutting the ends of the
scion and stock completely across and obliquely, in such a manner
that the sections are of the same shape, then lapping the ends so
that the one cut surface exactly fits the other, and securing them by
tying or otherwise.</cd> -- <col><b>Whip grafting</b></col>,
<cd>tongue grafting, the same as splice grafting, except that a cleft
or slit is made in the end of both scion and stock, in the direction
of the grain and in the middle of the sloping surface, forming a kind
of tongue, so that when put together, the tongue of each is inserted
in the slit of the other.</cd> -- <col><b>Grafting
scissors</b></col>, <cd>a surgeon's scissors, used in rhinoplastic
operations, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Grafting tool</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any tool used in grafting.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A very strong curved spade used in digging
canals.</cd> -- <col><b>Grafting wax</b></col>, <cd>a composition of
rosin, beeswax tallow, etc., used in binding up the wounds of newly
grafted trees.</cd> </p>

<p><hw>Gra"ham bread"</hw> (?). [From Sylvester <i>Graham</i>, a
lecturer on dietetics.] <def>Bread made of unbolted wheat
flour.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gra"ham*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Graham
bread</u>.] <def>One who follows the dietetic system of Graham.</def>
[U. S.] </p>

<p><hw>Grail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>greel</i>, LL.
<i>gradale.</i> See <u>Gradual</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A book
of offices in the Roman Catholic Church; a gradual.</def> [Obs.]
<i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such as antiphonals, missals, <i>grails</i>,
processionals, etc.</blockquote> <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>graal</i>,
<i>greal</i>, greet, F. <i>graal</i>, <i>gr&eacute;al</i>, LL.
<i>gradalis</i>, <i>gradale</i>, prob. derived fr. L. <i>crater</i>
bowl, mixing vessel, Gr. <grk>krath`r</grk>.  See <u>Crater.</u>]
<def>A broad, open dish; a chalice; -- only used of the <i>Holy
Grail</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist;The <i>Holy Grail</i>, according to some legends of the
Middle Ages, was the cup used by our Savior in dispensing the wine at
the last supper; and  according to others, the platter on which the
paschal lamb was served at the last Passover observed by our Lord.
This cup, according to the legend, if appoached by any but a
perfectly pure and holy person, would be borne away and vanish from
the sight. The <i>quest</i> of the Holy Grail was to be undertaken
only by a knight who was perfectly chaste in thought, word, and
act.</p>

<p><hw>Grail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gr&ecirc;le</i> hail,
from <i>gr&Eacute;s</i> grit, OHG. <i>griex</i>, <i>grioz</i>, G.
<i>gries</i>, gravel, grit. See <u>Grit.</u>] <def>Small particles of
earth; gravel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lying down upon the sandy <i>grail.</i></blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grail</hw> (gr&mac;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>graite</i> slender, F. <i>gr&ecirc;te</i>.] <def>One of the small
feathers of a hawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graille</hw> (gr&mac;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gr&ecirc;le</i> a sort of file.] <def>A halfround single-cut file
or fioat, having one curved face and one straight face, -- used by
comb makers.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grain</hw>, <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Groan.</u></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Grain</hw> (gr&mac;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>grain</i>,
L. <i>granum</i>, grain, seed, small kernel, small particle. See
<u>Corn</u>, and cf. <u>Garner</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Garnet</u>, <u>Gram</u> the chick-pea, <u>Granule</u>,
<u>Kernel.</u>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A single small hard seed; a kernel,
especially of  those plants, like wheat, whose seeds are used for
food.</def> </p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fruit of certain grasses which furnish
the chief food of man, as corn, wheat, rye, oats, etc., or the plants
themselves; -- used collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Storehouses crammed with <i>grain.</i></blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any small, hard particle, as of sand,
sugar, salt, etc.; hence, any minute portion or particle; as, a
<i>grain</i> of gunpowder, of pollen, of starch, of sense, of wit,
etc.</def> </p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . with a <i>grain</i> of manhood well
resolved.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The unit of the English system of weights;
-- so called because considered equal to the average of grains taken
from the middle of the ears of wheat. 7,000 grains constitute the
pound avoirdupois, and 5,760 grains the pound troy.  A grain is equal
to .0648 gram. See <u>Gram.</u> </def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A reddish dye made from the coccus insect,
or kermes; hence, a red color of any tint or hue, as crimson,
scarlet, etc.; sometimes used by the poets as equivalent to <i>Tyrian
purple</i>.</def> </p>

<p><blockquote>All in a robe of darkest <i>grain.</i></blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Doing as the dyers do, who, having first dipped their
silks in colors of less value, then give' them the last tincture of
crimson in <i>grain.</i></blockquote> <i>Quoted by Coleridge, preface
to Aids to Reflection.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The composite particles of any substance;
that arrangement of the particles of any body which determines its
comparative roughness or hardness; texture; as, marble, sugar,
sandstone, etc., of fine <i>grain</i>.</def> </p>

<p><blockquote>Hard box, and linden of a softer
<i>grain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The direction, arrangement, or appearance
of the fibers in wood, or of the strata in stone, slate,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Knots, by the conflux of meeting sap,<BR>
Infect the sound pine and divert his <i>grain</i><BR>
Tortive and errant from his course of growth.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The fiber which forms the substance of
wood or of any fibrous material.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The <i>hair</i> side of a piece of
leather, or the marking on that side.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The remains of grain, etc.,
after brewing or distillation; hence, any residuum. Also called
<i>draff</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A rounded prominence on the
back of a sepal, as in the common dock. See <u>Grained</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Temper; natural disposition;
inclination.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Brothers . . . not united in
<i>grain.</i></blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>A sort of spice, the grain of
paradise.</def> [Obs.] </p>

<p><blockquote>He cheweth <i>grain</i> and licorice,<BR>
To smellen sweet.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Against the grain</b></col>, <cd>against or across the
direction of the fibers; hence, against one's wishes or tastes;
unwillingly; unpleasantly; reluctantly; with difficulty.</cd>
<i>Swift.</i> <i>Saintsbury.</i>-- <col><b>A grain of
allowance</b></col>, <cd>a slight indulgence or latitude a small
allowance.</cd> -- <col><b>Grain binder</b></col>, <cd>an attachment
to a harvester for binding the grain into sheaves.</cd> --
<col><b>Grain colors</b></col>, <cd>dyes made from the coccus or
kermes insect.</cd> -- <col><b>Grain leather</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Dressed horse hides.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Goat, seal, and other skins blacked on the grain side for women's
shoes, etc.</cd>  -- <col><b>Grain moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several small moths, of the family
<i>Tineid&aelig;</i> (as <i>Tinea granella</i> and <i>Butalis
cerealella</i>), whose larv&aelig; devour grain in storehouses.</cd>
-- <col><b>Grain side</b></col> <i>(Leather)</i>, <cd>the side of a
skin or hide from which the hair has been removed; -- opposed to
<i>flesh side.</i></cd> -- <col><b>Grains of paradise</b></col>,
<cd>the seeds of a species of amomum.</cd> -- <col><b>grain
tin</b></col>, <cd>crystalline tin ore metallic tin smelted with
charcoal.</cd> -- <col><b>Grain weevil</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a small red weevil (<i>Sitophilus granarius</i>), which destroys
stored wheat and other grain, by eating out the interior.</cd> --
<col><b>Grain worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of
the grain moth. See <i>grain moth</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>In
grain</b></col>, <cd>of a fast color; deeply seated; fixed; innate;
genuine.</cd> "Anguish in grain." <i>Herbert.</i> -- <col><b>To dye
in grain</b></col>, <cd>to dye of a fast color by means of the coccus
or kermes grain [see <u>Grain</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5]; hence,
to dye firmly; also, to dye in the wool, or in the raw material. See
under <u>Dye.</u></cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The red roses flush up in her cheeks . . . <BR>
Likce crimson dyed in <i>grain.</i></blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To go against the grain of</b></col> (a person), <cd>to
be repugnant to; to vex, irritate, mortify, or trouble.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grained</u> (gr&amacr;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Graining.</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To paint in
imitation of the grain of wood, marble, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form (powder, sugar, etc.) into
grains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take the hair off (skins); to soften
and raise the grain of (leather, etc.).</def></p>

<p><hw>Grain</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>grainer</i>,
<i>grener.</i> See <u>Grain</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To yield fruit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form grains, or to assume a granular
form, as the result of crystallization; to granulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grain</hw> (gr&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Groin</u> a part of the body.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A branch of a tree; a stalk or stem of a
plant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>G. Douglas.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tine, prong, or fork.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One the branches of a valley
or of a river.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>An iron fish
spear or harpoon, having four or more barbed points.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A blade of a sword, knife, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A thin piece of metal,
used in a mold to steady a core.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grained</hw> (gr&amacr;nd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a grain; divided into small particles
or grains; showing the grain; hence, rough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dyed in grain; ingrained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Persons lightly dipped, not <i>grained</i>, in
generous honesty, are but pale in goodness. </blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Painted or stained in imitation of the
grain of wood, marble, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having tubercles or
grainlike processes, as the petals or sepals of some
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grain"er</hw> (gr&amacr;n"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An infusion of pigeon's dung used by tanners
to neutralize the effects of lime and give flexibility to skins; --
called also <i>grains</i> and <i>bate.</i></def> </p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A knife for taking the hair off
skins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who paints in imitation of the grain
of wood, marble, etc.; also, the brush or tool used in
graining.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grain"field`</hw> (-f&emacr;ld`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
field where grain is grown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grain"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Indentation; roughening; milling, as on edges of coins.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A process in dressing leather, by which
the skin is softened and the grain raised.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Painting or staining, in imitation of the
grain of  wood, stone, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Soap Making)</i> <def>The process of
separating soap from spent lye, as with salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grain"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small European fresh-water fish (<i>Leuciscus vulgaris</i>); -
- called also <i>dobule</i>, and <i>dace</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grains</hw> (gr&amacr;nz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>See 5th <u>Grain</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pigeon's dung used in tanning.  See
<u>Grainer.</u> <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grain"y</hw> (gr&amacr;n"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resembling grains; granular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graip</hw> (gr&amacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. akin to
grope, gripe.] <def>A dungfork.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Graith</hw> (gr&amacr;th), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<def>See <u>Greith.</u></def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Graith</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Furniture; apparatus or
accouterments for work, traveling, war, etc.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gra"kle</hw> (gr&abreve;k"'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Grackle.</u></def></p>

<p><hw>||Gral"l&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>grallae</i> stilts, for <i>gradulae</i>, fr. <i>gradus.</i>
See <u>Grade.</u>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of birds which
formerly included all the waders.  By later writers it is usually
restricted to the sandpipers, plovers, and allied forms; -- called
also <i>Grallatores.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>||Gral"la*to"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. from
L. <i>grallator</i> one who runs on stilts.] <i>(Zo\94l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Grall&aelig;</u>.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Gral`la*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <hw>Gral"la*to*ry</hw> (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Grallatores, or waders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gral"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the Grall&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gral"line</hw> (l&imacr;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Grall&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gral"loch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Offal of a
deer.</def> -- <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To remove the offal from
(a deer).</def></p>

<p><hw>-gram</hw> (?). [Gr. ? a thing drawn or written, a letter, fr.
<grk>gra`fein</grk> to draw, write. See <u>Graphic.</u>] <def>A
suffix indicating something drawn or written, a drawing, writing; --
as, monogram, telegram, chronogram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. gram; akin to E.
grim. &radic;35.] <def>Angry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Havelok, the
Dane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gram</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>gr?o</i> grain. See
<u>Grain.</u>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The East Indian name of the chick-
pea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i>) and its seeds; also, other similar seeds
there used for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gram</hw>, <hw>Gramme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gramme</i>, from Gr. ? that which is written, a letter, a small
weight, fr. ? to write. See <u>Graphic.</u>] <def>The unit of weight
in the metric system. It was intended to be exactly, and is very
nearly, equivalent to the weight in a vacuum of one cubic centimeter
of pure water at its maximum density. It is equal to 15.432 grains.
See <u>Grain</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gram degree</b></col>, or <col><b>Gramme degree</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a unit of heat, being the amount of heat
necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of pure water one
degree centigrade.</cd> -- <col><b>Gram equivalent</b></col>
<i>(Electrolysis)</i>, <cd>that quantity of the metal which will
replace one gram of hydrogen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gra"ma grass`</hw> (?). [Sp. <i>grama</i> a sort of grass.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name of several kinds of pasture grasses found
in the Western United States, esp. the <i>Bouteloua
oligostachya</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gram"a*rye</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gramer</i>,
<i>grameri</i>, <i>gramori</i>, grammar, magic, OF. <i>gramaire</i>,
F. <i>grammaire.</i>  See <u>Grammar.</u>] <def>Necromancy;
magic.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gra*mash"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Gamashes.</u>] <def>Gaiters reaching to the knee;
leggings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strong gramashes, or leggings of thick gray
cloth.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grame</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gram</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anger; wrath;
scorn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sorrow; grief; misery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gra*mer"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [F. <i>grand-
merci</i>. See <u>Grand</u>, and <u>Mercy.</u>] <def>A word formerly
used to express thankfulness, with surprise; many thanks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gramercy, Mammon, said the gentle knight.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 644 !></p>

<p><hw>Gram"i*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gramen</i>, <i>graminis</i>, grass.] <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, the grasses; gramineous; as, <i>graminaceous</i>
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*min"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Gramineous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*min"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gramineus</i>, fr. <i>gramen</i>, <i>graminis</i>, grass.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Like, Or pertaining to, grass. See <u>Grass</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gram"i*ni*fo"li*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gramen</i>, <i>graminis</i>, grass + <i>folium</i> leaf.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing leaves resembling those of
grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gram"i*niv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gramen</i>, <i>graminis</i>, grass + <i>vorare</i> to eat
greedily.] <def>Feeding or subsisting on grass, and the like food; --
said of horses, cattle, and other animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gram"ma*logue</hw> (gr&abreve;m"m&adot;*l&obreve;g),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gra`mma</grk> letter +
<grk>lo`gos</grk> word.  Cf. <u>Logogram</u>.] <i>(Phonography)</i>
<def>Literally, a <i>letter word</i>; a word represented by a
logogram; as, <i>it</i>, represented by |, that is, <i>t</i>.</def>
<i>Pitman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gram"mar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gramere</i>,
OF. <i>gramaire</i>, F. <i>grammaire</i> Prob. fr. L.
<i>gramatica</i> Gr &?;, fem. of &?; skilled in grammar, fr. &?;
letter. See <u>Gramme</u>, <u>Graphic</u>, and cf.
<u>Grammatical</u>, <u>Gramarye</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
science which treats of the principles of language; the study of
forms of speech, and their relations to one another; the art
concerned with the right use and application of the rules of a
language, in speaking or writing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The whole fabric of grammar rests upon the classifying of
words according to their function in the sentence.  <i>Bain.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of speaking or writing with
correctness or according to established usage; speech considered with
regard to the rules of a grammar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The original bad <i>grammar</i> and bad
spelling.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on the principles of language;
a book containing the principles and rules for correctness in
speaking or writing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>treatise on the elements or principles of
any science; as, a grammar of geography.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Comparative grammar</b></col>, <cd>the science which
determines the relations of kindred languages by examining and
comparing their grammatical forms.</cd> -- <col><b>Grammar
school</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A school, usually endowed,
in which Latin and Greek grammar are taught, as also other studies
preparatory to colleges or universities; as, the famous Rugby
<i>Grammar School</i>. This use of the word is more common in England
than in the United States.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>When any town shall increase to the number of a
hundred<BR>
families or householders, they shall set up a <i>grammar</i> school,
the master thereof being able to instruct youth so far as they may be
fitted for the University.</blockquote> <i>Mass. Records
(1647).</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In the American system of graded common
schools an intermediate grade between the primary school and the high
school, in which the principles of English grammar are
taught.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gram"mar</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To discourse
according to the rules of grammar; to use grammar.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gram*ma"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>grammairien</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One versed in grammar,
or the construction of languages; a philologist.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "The term was used by the classic ancients as a term of
honorable distinction for all who were considered learned in any art
or faculty whatever." <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who writes on, or teaches,
grammar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gram*ma"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles, practices, or peculiarities of grammarians.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gram"mar*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
grammar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gram"mates</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?;
letters, written rules.] <def>Rudiments; first principles, as of
grammar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gram*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Grammatical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gram*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>grammaticus</i>, <i>grammaticalis</i>; Gr. &?; skilled in grammar,
knowing one's letters, from &?; a letter: cf. F. <i>grammatical</i>.
See <u>Grammar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
grammar; of the nature of grammar; as, a grammatical rule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to the rules of grammar;
grammatically correct; as, the sentence is not <i>grammatical</i>;
the construction is not <i>grammatical.</i></def></p>

<p>--<wf>Gram*mat"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Gram*mat"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gram*mat"icas"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <def>A
petty grammarian; a grammatical pedant or pretender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My noble Neophite, my little
<i>grammaticaster</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gram*mat"i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
principle of grammar; a grammatical rule.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dalgarno.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gram*mat"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A point or
principle of grammar.</def>  <i>Abp. Leighton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gram*mat"i*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Grammaticized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Grammaticizing</u> (?).] <def>To render
grammatical.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gram"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>grammatista</i> schoolmaster, Gr. &?;, from &?; to teach the
letters, to be a scribe: cf. F. <i>grammatiste</i>. See
<u>Grammatical</u>.] <def>A petty grammarian.</def> [R]
<i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gramme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as Gram the
weight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gramme" ma*chine"</hw> (?). <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A kind of
dynamo-electric machine; -- so named from its French inventor, M.
<i>Gramme</i>.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gram"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Grampuses</b></plw> (#). [Probably corrupted from It. <i>gran
pesce</i> great fish, or Sp. <i>gran pez</i>, or Pg. <i>gran
peixe</i>, all fr. L. <i>grandis piscis</i>. See <u>Grand</u>, and
<u>Fish</u>. the animal.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A toothed delphinoid cetacean, of the genus <i>Grampus</i>, esp.
<i>G. griseus</i> of Europe and America, which is valued for its oil.
It grows to be fifteen to twenty feet long; its color is gray with
white streaks. Called also <i>cowfish</i>. The California grampus is
<i>G. Stearnsii</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of tongs used in a bloomery.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Gra*nade"</hw> (?), <hw>Gra*na"do</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Grenade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gran`a*dil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., dim. of
<i>granada</i> pomegranate. See <u>Grenade</u>, <u>Garnet</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of certain species of passion flower
(esp. <i>Passiflora quadrangularis</i>) found in Brazil and the West
Indies. It is as large as a child's head, and is a good dessert
fruit. The fruit of <i>Passiflora edulis</i> is used for flavoring
ices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Granaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>granarium</i>, fr.
<i>granum</i> grain. See <u>Garner</u>.] <def>A storehouse or
repository for grain, esp. after it is thrashed or husked; a
cornhouse; also (Fig.), a region fertile in grain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The exhaustless <i>granary</i> of a
world.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gran"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Garnet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*na"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>granatum</i>
the pomegranate.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Mannite; -- so called because
found in the pomegranate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"a*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Staurolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grand</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Grander</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Grandest</u>.] [OE. <i>grant</i>,
<i>grount</i>, OF. <i>grant</i>, F. <i>grand</i>, fr. L.
<i>grandis</i>; perh. akin to gravis heavy, E. <i>grave</i>, a.  Cf.
<u>Grandee</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of large size or extent;
great; extensive; hence, relatively great; greatest; chief;
principal; as, a <i>grand</i> mountain; a <i>grand</i> army; a
<i>grand</i> mistake.</def> "Our <i>grand</i> foe, Satan."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Making so bold . . . to unseal<BR>
Their <i>grand</i> commission.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Great in size, and fine or imposing in
appearance or impression; illustrious, dignifled, or noble (said of
persons); majestic, splendid, magnificent, or sublime (said of
things); as, a <i>grand</i> monarch; a <i>grand</i> lord; a
<i>grand</i> general; a <i>grand</i> view; a <i>grand</i>
conception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are the highest models of expression, the
unapproached<BR>
masters of the <i>grand</i> style.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.
</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having higher rank or more dignity, size,
or importance than other persons or things of the same name; as, a
<i>grand</i> lodge; a <i>grand</i> vizier; a <i>grand</i> piano,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Standing in the second or some more remote
degree of parentage or descent; -- generalIy used in composition; as,
grandfather, grandson, grandchild, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What cause<BR>
Mov'd our <i>grand</i> parents, in that happy state,<BR>
Favor'd of Heaven so highly, to fall off<BR>
From their Creator.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Grand action</b></col>, <cd>a pianoforte action, used in
grand pianos, in which special devices are employed to obtain perfect
action of the hammer in striking and leaving the string.</cd> --
<col><b>Grand Army of the Republic</b></col>, <cd>an organized
voluntary association of men who served in the Union army or navy
during the civil war in the United States. The order has chapters,
called <i>Posts</i>, throughout the country.</cd> -- <col><b>Grand
cross</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The highest rank of
knighthood in the Order of the Bath.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
knight grand cross.</cd> -- <col><b>Grand cordon</b></col>, <cd>the
cordon or broad ribbon, identified with the highest grade in certain
honorary orders; hence, a person who holds that grade.</cd> --
<col><b>Grand days</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>certain days in
the terms which are observed as holidays in the inns of court and
chancery (Candlemas, Ascension, St. John Baptist's, and All Saints'
Days); called also <i>Dies non juridici</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Grand
duchess</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The wife or widow of a
grand duke</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A lady having the
sovereignty of a duchy in her own right.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>In Russia, a daughter of the Czar.</cd> -- <col><b>Grand
duke</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A sovereign duke, inferior in
rank to a king; as, the Grand Duke of Tuscany.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In Russia, a son of the Czar.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>The European great horned
owl or eagle owl (<i>Bubo maximas</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Grand-
guard</b></col>, or <col><b>Grandegarde</b></col>, <cd>a piece of
plate armor used in tournaments as an extra protection for the left
shoulder and breast.</cd> -- <col><b>Grand juror</b></col>, <cd>a
member of a grand jury.</cd> -- <col><b>Grand jury</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a jury of not less than twelve men, and not more
than twenty-three, whose duty it is, in private session, to examine
into accusations against persons charged with crime, and if they see
just cause, then to find bills of indictment against them, to be
presented to the court; -- called also <i>grand inquest</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Grand juryman</b></col>, <cd>a grand juror.</cd> --
<col><b>Grand larceny</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Larceny</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Grand lodge</b></col>, <cd>the chief
lodge, or governing body, among Freemasons and other secret
orders.</cd> -- <col><b>Grand master</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The head of one of the military orders of knighthood, as the
Templars, Hospitallers, etc.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The head of
the order of Freemasons or of Good Templars, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Grand paunch</b></col>, <cd>a glutton or gourmand.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Holland.</i> -- <col><b>Grand pensionary</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Pensionary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Grand piano</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a large piano, usually harp-shaped, in which the
wires or strings are generally triplicated, increasing the power, and
all the mechanism is introduced in the most effective manner,
regardless of the size of the instrument.</cd> -- <col><b>Grand
relief</b></col> <cd><i>(Sculp.)</i>, alto relievo.</cd> --
<col><b>Grand Seignior</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Seignior</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Grand stand</b></col>, <cd>the principal stand, or
erection for spectators, at a, race course, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Grand vicar</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>a principal vicar;
an ecclesiastical delegate in France.</cd> -- <col><b>Grand
vizier</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Vizier</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Magnificent; sublime; majestic; dignified;
elevated; stately; august; pompous; lofty; eralted; noble.  -- Grand,
Magnificent, Sublime. <i>Grand</i>, in reference to objects of taste,
is applied to that which expands the mind by a sense of vastness and
majesty; <i>magnificent</i> is applied to anything which is imposing
from its splendor; <i>sublime</i> describes that which is awful and
elevating. A cataract is <i>grand</i>; a rich and varied landscape is
<i>magnificent</i>; an overhanging precipice is sublime. "<i>Grandeur
a</i>dmits of degrees and modifications; but <i>magnificence</i> is
that which has already reached the highest degree of superiority
naturally belonging to the object in question."  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gran"dam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>grande</i>,
fem. of grand + dame. See <u>Grand</u>, and <u>Dame</u>.] <def>An old
woman; specifically, a grandmother.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grand"aunt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>grand'tante</i>.] <def>The aunt of one's father or
mother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grand"child"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A son's or
daughter's child; a child in the second degree of descent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grand"daugh"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
daughter of one's son or daughter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grand"-du"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a grand duke.</def>  <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gran*dee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>grande</i>.
See <u>Grand</u>.] <def>A man of elevated rank or station; a
nobleman. In Spain, a nobleman of the first rank, who may be covered
in the king's presence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran*dee"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rank or
estate of a grandee; lordship.</def>  <i>H. Swinburne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gran"deur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>grand</i>. See <u>Grand</u>.] <def>The state or quality of being
grand; vastness; greatness; splendor; magnificence; stateliness;
sublimity; dignity; elevation of thought or expression; nobility of
action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor doth this <i>grandeur</i> and majestic show<BR>
Of luxury . . . allure mine eye.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sublimity; majesty; stateliness; augustness;
loftiness. See <u>Sublimity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Gran*dev"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>grandaevitas</i>.] <def>Great age; long life.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gran*de"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>grandaevus</i>; grandig grand+ <i>aevum</i> lifetime, age.]
<def>Of great age; aged; longlived.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grand"fa"ther</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A father's
or mother's father; an ancestor in the next degree above the father
or mother in lineal ascent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grandfather longlegs</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Daddy longlegs</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grand"fa"ther*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
grandfather in age or manner; kind; benignant; indulgent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a <i>grandfatherly</i> sort of
personage.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gran*dif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>grandificus</i>; grandis <i>grand</i> + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Making great.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gran*dil"o*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use
of lofty words or phrases; bombast; -- usually in a bad
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sin of <i>grandiloquence</i> or tall
talking.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray,</i></p>

<p><hw>Gran*dil"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>grandis</i> grand + <i>logui</i> to speak.] <def>Speaking in a
lofty style; pompous; bombastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran*dil"o*quous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>grandiloquus</i>; <i>grandis</i> grand + <i>loqui</i> to apeak.]
<def>Grandiloquent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"di*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>grandinosus</i>, fr. <i>qrando</i>, <i>grandinis</i>, hail.]
<def>Consisting of hail; abounding in hail.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gran"di*ose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>grandiose</i>, It. <i>grandioso</i>. See <u>Grand</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Impressive or elevating in effect; imposing;
splendid; striking; -- in a good sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tone of the parts was to be perpetually kept down
in order not to impair the <i>grandiose</i> effect of the
whole.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>grandiose</i> red tulips which grow
wild.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by affectation of grandeur
or splendor; flaunting; turgid; bombastic; -- in a bad sense; as, a
grandiose style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"di*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>grandiosit&eacute;</i>, It. <i>grandiosit&agrave;</i>.] <def>The
state or quality of being grandiose,</def></p>

<p><hw>Grand"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>granditas</i>: cf. OF. <i>granit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Grand</u>.]
<def>Grandness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grand"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a grand
manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Grand"ma"</hw> (?), <hw>Grand"mam*ma"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A grandmother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grand" mer"cy</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Gramercy</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Grand"moth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mother
of one's father or mother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grand"moth"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
grandmother in age or manner; kind; indulgent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grand"neph"ew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The grandson
of one's brother or sister.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grand"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Grandeur.</def>
<i>Wollaston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grand"niece"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
granddaughter of one's brother or sister.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Grand"pa"</hw> (?), <hw>Grand"pa*pa"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A grandfather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grand"sire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>grantsire</i>. See <u>Grand</u>, and <u>Sire</u>.]
<def>Specifically, a grandfather; more generally, any
ancestor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grand"son"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A son's or
daughter's son.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grand"un"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>grand-
oncle</i>.] <def>A father's or mother's uncle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grane</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Groan</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Grange</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>grange</i> barn,
LL. <i>granea</i>, from L. <i>granum</i> grain. See <u>Grain</u> a
kernel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A building for storing grain; a
granary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A farmhouse, with the barns and other
buildings for farming purposes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And eke an officer out for to ride,<BR>
To see her <i>granges</i> and her bernes wide.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor burnt the <i>grange</i>, nor bussed the milking
maid.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A farmhouse of a monastery, where the
rents and tithes, paid in grain, were deposited.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A farm; generally, a farm with a house at
a distance from neighbors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An association of farmers, designed to
further their interests, and particularly to bring producers and
consumers, farmers and manufacturers, into direct commercial
relations, without intervention of middlemen or traders. The first
grange was organized in 1867.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Gran"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A farm steward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of a grange.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Gran"ger*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
the Rev. James <i>Granger</i>, whose "Biographical History of
England" (1769) was a favorite book for illustration in this manner.]
<def>The practice of illustrating a particular book by engravings
collected from other books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"ger*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
collects illustrations from various books for the decoration of one
book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"ger*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
collect (illustrations from books) for decoration of other
books.</def>  <i>G. A. Sala.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gra*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>qranifer</i>; <i>granum</i> grain + <i>ferre</i> to bear: cf. F.
<i>granif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Bearing grain, or seeds like
grain.</def>  <i>Humble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gran"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>granum</i>
grain + <i>-form</i>; cf. F. <i>graniforme</i>.] <def>Formed like of
corn.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gra*nil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., small seed.]
<def>Small grains or dust of cochineal or the coccus
insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>granito</i>
granite, adj., grainy, p. p. of <i>granire</i> to make grainy, fr. L.
<i>granum</i> grain; cf. F. <i>granit</i>. See <u>Grain</u>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A crystalline, granular rock, consisting of
quartz, feldspar, and mica, and usually of a whitish, grayish, or
flesh-red color. It differs from gneiss in not having the mica in
planes, and therefore in being destitute of a schistose
structure.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Varieties containing hornblende are common. See also the
<u>Note</u> under <u>Mica</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 645  !></p>

<p><col><b>Gneissoid granite</b></col>, <cd>granite in which the mica
has traces of a regular arrangement.</cd> -- <col><b>Graphic
granite</b></col>, <cd>granite consisting of quartz and feldspar
without mica, and having the quartz crystals so arranged in the
transverse section like oriental characters.</cd> --
<col><b>Porphyritic granite</b></col>, <cd>granite containing
feldspar in distinct crystals.</cd> -- <col><b>Hornblende
granite</b></col>, or <col><b>Syenitic granite</b></col>, <cd>granite
containing hornblende as well as mica, or, according to some
authorities hornblende replacing the mica.</cd> -- <col><b>Granite
ware</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of stoneware.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A Kind of ironware, coated with an enamel
resembling granite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gran"ite State</hw>. <def>New Hampshire; -- a nickname
alluding to its mountains, which are chiefly of granite.</def><BR>
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]</p>

<p><hw>Gra*nit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. granitique.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like granite in composition, color, etc.;
having the nature of granite; as, granitic texture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of granite; as, granitic
mountains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*nit"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Granitic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*nit`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Granite</i> + L. <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-
fy</u>.] <def>The act or the process of forming into granite.</def>
<i>Humble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gra*nit"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Granite</i>
+ <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Resembling granite in structure
or shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"i*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Granite</i> +
<i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>granito&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Resembling granite
in granular appearance; as, <i>granitoid</i> gneiss; a
<i>granitoid</i> pavement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*niv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>granum</i> grain + <i>vorare</i> to devour: cf. F.
<i>granivore</i>.] <def>Eating grain; feeding or subsisting on seeds;
as, granivorous birds.</def>
  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gran"nam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A grandam.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gran"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A grandmother; a
grandam; familiarly, an old woman.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Granny's bend</b></col>, or <col><b>Granny's
knot</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a kind of insecure knot or hitch;
a reef knot crossed the wrong way.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gran`o*lith"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>granum</i> a grain (or E. <i>granite</i>) + <i>-lith + -ic</i>.]
<def>A kind of hard artificial stone, used for pavements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Granted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Granting</u>.] [OE. <i>graunten</i>, <i>granten</i>, OF.
<i>graanter</i>, <i>craanter</i>, <i>creanter</i>, to promise, yield,
LL. <i>creantare</i> to promise, assure, for (assumed LL.) credentare
to make believe, fr. L. <i>credens</i>, <i>p. pr.</i> of credere to
believe. See <u>Creed</u>, <u>Credit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
give over; to make conveyance of; to give the possession or title of;
to convey; -- usually in answer to petition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Grant</i> me the place of this threshing
floor.</blockquote> <i>1 Chrcn. xxi. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bestow or confer, with or without
compensation, particularly in answer to prayer or request; to
give.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore did God <i>grant</i> me my
request.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To admit as true what is not yet
satisfactorily proved; to yield belief to; to allow; to yield; to
concede.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Grant</i> that the Fates have firmed by their
decree.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b>-- To give; confer; bestow; convey; transfer; admit;
allow; concede. See <u>Give</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Grant</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To assent; to
consent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>grant</i>,
<i>graunt</i>, OF. <i>graant</i>, <i>creant</i>, promise, assurance.
See <u>Grant</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of granting; a bestowing or conferring; concession;
allowance; permission.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The yielding or admission of something in
dispute.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The thing or property granted; a gift; a
boon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A transfer of property by
deed or writing; especially, au appropriation or conveyance made by
the government; as, a <i>grant</i> of land or of money; also, the
deed or writing by which the transfer is made.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly, in English law, the term was specifically applied
to transfrrs of incorporeal hereditaments, expectant estates, and
letters patent from government and such is its present application in
some of the United States. But now, in England the usual mode of
transferring realty is by <i>grant</i>; and so, in some of the United
States, the term <i>grant</i> is applied to conveyances of every kind
of real property.  <i>Bouvier. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grant"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being granted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
person to whom a grant or conveyance is made.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His grace will not survive the poor <i>grantee</i> he
despises.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grant"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
grants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grant"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
person by whom a grant or conveyance is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>granulaire</i>. See <u>Granule</u>.] <def>Consisting of, or
resembling, grains; as, a granular substance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Granular limestone</b></col>, <cd>crystalline limestone,
or marble, having a granular structure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gran"u*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
granular form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Granular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Granulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Granulating</u> (?).] [See <u>Granule</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form into grains or small masses; as, to
granulate powder, sugar, or metal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise in granules or small asperities;
to make rough on the surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To collect or
be formed into grains; as, cane juice <i>granulates</i> into
sugar.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gran"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Gran"u*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or
resembling, grains; crystallized in grains; granular; as,
<i>granulated</i> sugar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having numerous small elevations, as
shagreen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Granulated steel</b></col>, <cd>a variety of steel made by
a particular process beginning with the granulation of pig
iron.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gran`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>granulation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
forming or crystallizing into grains; as, the <i>granulation</i> of
powder and sugar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being granulated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
the small, red, grainlike prominences which form on a raw surface
(that of wounds or ulcers), and are the efficient agents in the
process of healing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act or process
of the formation of such prominences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>granulum</i>,
dim. of granum grain: cf. F. <i>granule</i>. See <u>Grain</u> a
kernel.] <def>A little grain a small particle; a pellet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran`u*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Granule</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Full of
granulations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*nu"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Granule</i>
+ <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Having a granular structure;
granular; as, granuliform limestone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"u*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Granule</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A whitish, granular rock,
consisting of feldspar and quartz intimately mixed; -- sometimes
called whitestone, and leptynite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Granule</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>The main constituent of
the starch grain or granule, in distinction from the framework of
cellulose. Unlike cellulose, it is colored blue by iodine, and is
converted into dextrin and sugar by boiling acids and amylolytic
ferments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>granuleux</i>.] <def>Full of grains; abounding with granular
substances; granular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>grape</i>,
<i>crape</i>, bunch or cluster of grapes, F. <i>grappe</i>, akin to
F. grappin grapnel, hook; fr. OHG. chrapfo hook, G. <i>krapfen</i>,
akin to E. <i>cramp</i>. The sense seems to have come from the idea
of clutching.  Cf. <u>Agraffe</u>, <u>Cramp</u>, <u>Grapnel</u>,
<u>Grapple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A well-known
edible berry growing in pendent clusters or bunches on the grapevine.
The berries are smooth-skinned, have a juicy pulp, and are cultivated
in great quantities for table use and for making wine and
raisins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The plant which bears this
fruit; the grapevine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A mangy tumor on the leg of
a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Grapeshot.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grape borer</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Vine
borer</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Grape curculio</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a minute black weevil (<i>Craponius
in&aelig;qualis</i>) which in the larval state eats the interior of
grapes.</cd> -- <col><b>Grape flower</b></col>, or <col><b>Grape
hyacinth</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a liliaceous plant (<i>Muscari
racemosum</i>) with small blue globular flowers in a dense
raceme.</cd> -- <col><b>Grape fungus</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
fungus (<i>Oidium Tuckeri</i>) on grapevines; vine mildew.</cd> --
<col><b>Grape hopper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
yellow and red hemipterous insect, often very injurious to the leaves
of the grapevine.</cd> -- <col><b>Grape moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small moth (<i>Eudemis botrana</i>), which
in the larval state eats the interior of grapes, and often binds them
together with silk.</cd> -- <col><b>Grape of a cannon</b></col>,
<cd>the cascabel or knob at the breech.</cd> -- <col><b>Grape
sugar</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Glucose</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Grape
worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of the grape
moth.</cd> -- <col><b>Sour grapes</b></col>, <cd>things which persons
affect to despise because they can not possess them; -- in allusion
to &AElig;sop's fable of the fox and the grapes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grape" fruit`</hw>. <def>The shaddock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grape"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting grapes or
the flavor of grapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grap"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A building or
inclosure used for the cultivation of grapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grape"shot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>A cluster, usually nine in number, of small iron balls, put
together by means of cast-iron circular plates at top and bottom,
with two rings, and a central connecting rod, in order to be used as
a charge for a cannon. Formerly grapeshot were inclosed in canvas
bags.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grape"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seed of the
grape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grape"vine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A vine or climbing shrub, of the genus <i>Vitis</i>, having
small green flowers and lobed leaves, and bearing the fruit called
<i>grapes</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common grapevine of the Old World is <i>Vitis
vinifera</i>, and is a native of Central Asia. Another variety is
that yielding small seedless grapes commonly called <i>Zante
currants</i>. The northern <i>Fox grape</i> of the United States is
the <i>V. Labrusca</i>, from which, by cultivation, has come the
<i>Isabella</i> variety. The southern <i>Fox grape</i>, or
<i>Muscadine</i>, is the <i>V. vulpina</i>. The <i>Frost grape</i> is
<i>V. cordifolia</i>, which has very fragrant flowers, and ripens
after the early frosts.</p>

<p><hw>-graph</hw> (-gr&adot;f) [From Gr. <grk>gra`fein</grk> to
write. See <u>Graphic</u>.] A suffix signifying <i>something
written</i>, <i>a writing</i>; also, <i>a writer</i>; as
auto<i>graph</i>, crysto<i>graph</i>, tele<i>graph</i>,
photo<i>graph</i>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Graph"ic</hw> (gr&abreve;f"&ibreve;k), <hw>Graph"ic*al</hw>
(-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>graphicus</i>,
Gr. <grk>grafiko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>gra`fein</grk> to write; cf. F.
<i>graphique</i>. See <u>Graft</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the arts of painting and drawing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the art of
writing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Written or engraved; formed of letters or
lines.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The finger of God hath left an inscription upon all
his works, not graphical, or composed of letters.</blockquote> <i>Sir
T. Browne. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Well delineated; clearly and vividly
described.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having the faculty of, or characterized
by, clear and impressive description; vivid; as, a <i>graphic</i>
writer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Graphic algebra</b></col><cd>, a branch of algebra in
which, the properties of equations are treated by the use of curves
and straight lines.</cd> -- <col><b>Graphic arts</b></col>, <cd>a
name given to those fine arts which pertain to the representation on
a flat surface of natural objects; as distinguished from music, etc.,
and also from sculpture.</cd> -- <col><b>Graphic formula</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Formula</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Graphic
granite</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Granite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Graphic method</b></col>, <cd>the method of scientific
analysis or investigation, in which the relations or laws involved in
tabular numbers are represented to the eye by means of curves or
other figures; as the daily changes of weather by means of curves,
the abscissas of which represent the hours of the day, and the
ordinates the corresponding degrees of temperature.</cd> --
<col><b>Graphical statics</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a branch of
statics, in which the magnitude, direction, and position of forces
are represented by straight lines -- <col><b>Graphic
tellurium</b></col>.</cd> <cd>See <u>Sylvanite</u>.</cd>></p>

<p><hw>Graph"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
graphic manner; vividly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Graph"ic*ness</hw>, <hw>Graph"ic*al*ness</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being
graphic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graph"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or the
science of drawing; esp. of drawing according to mathematical rules,
as in perspective, projection, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graph"i*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Graphoscope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graph"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gra`fein</grk> to write: cf. F. <i>graphite</i>. See
<u>Graphic</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native carbon in hexagonal
crystals, also foliated or granular massive, of black color and
metallic luster, and so soft as to leave a trace on paper. It is used
for pencils (improperly called <i>lead pencils</i>), for crucibles,
and as a lubricator, etc. Often called <i>plumbago</i> or <i>black
lead</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Graphite battery</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a voltaic
battery consisting of zinc and carbon in sulphuric acid, or other
exciting liquid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gra*phit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
containing, derived from, or resembling, graphite.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Graphitic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an organic
acid, so called because obtained by the oxidation of graphite; --
usually called <i>mellitic acid</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Graphitic
carbon</b></col>, <cd>in iron or steel, that portion of the carbon
which is present as graphite.</cd>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Graph"i*toid</hw> (?), <hw>Graph"i*toid"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling graphite or plumbago.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graph"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gra`fein</grk> to write + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F.
<i>grapholithe</i>.] <def>Any species of slate suitable to be written
on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*phol"o*gy</hw> (gr&adot;*f&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gra`fein</grk> to write + <i>-
logy</i>: cf. F. <i>graphologie</i>.] <def>The art of judging of a
person's character, disposition, and aptitude from his
handwriting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graph"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gra`fein</grk> to write + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An optical
instrument for magnifying engravings, photographs, etc., usually
having one large lens and two smaller ones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graph"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gra`fein</grk> to write + <i>-type</i>.] <i>(Engraving)</i>
<def>A process for producing a design upon a surface in relief so
that it can be printed from. Prepared chalk or oxide of zinc is
pressed upon a smooth plate by a hydraulic press, and the design is
drawn upon this in a peculiar ink which hardens the surface wherever
it is applied. The surface is then carefully rubbed or brushed,
leaving the lines in relief.</def></p>

<p><hw>-gra*phy</hw> (?). [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; write. See
<u>Graphic</u>.] <def>A suffix denoting the art of writing or
describing; also, the writing or description itself; a treatise; as,
calligraphy, biography, geography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grap"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>grapenel</i>,
dim. fr. F. <i>grappin t</i>he grapple of a ship; of German origin.
See <u>Grape</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small anchor, with four or
five flukes or claws, used to hold boats or small vessels; hence, any
instrument designed to grapple or hold; a grappling iron; a grab; --
written also <i>grapline</i>, and <i>crapnel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grap"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grappled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grappling</u> (?).] [F. <i>grappiller</i>, OF. <i>graypil</i> the
grapple of a ship, fr. <i>graper</i> to pluck, prop., to seize,
clutch; of German origin. See <u>Grape</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To seize; to lay fast hold of; to attack at close quarters: as,
to grapple an antagonist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fasten, as with a grapple; to fix; to
join indissolubly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gallies were <i>grappled</i> to the
Centurion.</blockquote> <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Grapple</i> them to thy soul with hoops of
steel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grap"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use a grapple;
to contend in close fight; to attach one's self as if by a grapple,
as in wrestling; to close; to seize one another.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To grapple with</b></col>, <cd>to enter into contest with,
resolutely and courageously.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And in my standard bear the arms of York,<BR>
To <i>grapple</i> with the house of Lancaster.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grap"ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See Grapple, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. Crapple.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A seizing or
seizure; close hug in contest; the wrestler's hold.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument, usually
with hinged claws, for seizing and holding fast to an object; a
grab.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A grappling
iron.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The iron hooks and <i>grapples</i> keen.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Grapple plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a South African
herb (<i>Herpagophytum leptocarpum</i>) having the woody fruits armed
with long hooked or barbed thorns by which they adhere to cattle,
causing intense annoyance.</cd> -- <col><b>Grapple shot</b></col>
<i>(Life-saving Service)</i>, <cd>a projectile, to which are attached
hinged claws to catch in a ship's rigging or to hold in the ground; -
- called also <i>anchor shot</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grapple*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A grappling;
close fight or embrace.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 646 !></p>

<p><hw>Grap"pling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A laying fast ho1d of; also, that by which anything is seized
and held, a grapnel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grapple; a struggle.  A match for yards
in fight, in grappling for the bear.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Grappling iron</b></col>, <cd>a hooked iron used for
grappling and holding fast a vessel or other object.</cd> --
<col><b>Grappling tongs</b></col>, <cd>broad-mouthed tongs for
gathering oysters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grap"soid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. Grapsus + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the genus Grapsus or
the family <u>Grapsid&aelig;</u>.</def> --  <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A grapsoid crab.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grap"to*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL, Graptolithus,
from Gr.  &?; is engraved, written (<grk>gra`fein</grk> to write) +
&?;  stone.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of numerous species of slender
and delicate fossils, of the genus <i>Graptolites</i> and allied
genera, found in the Silurian rocks. They belong to an extinct group
(<i>Graptolithina</i>) supposed to be hydroids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grap"to*lit`ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to graptolites; containing graptolites; as, a graptolitic
slate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grap"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed of, or
resembling, grapes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>grapy</i> clusters.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grasp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grasper</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Qraspine</u>.] [OE. <i>graspen</i>; prob.  akin to LG. grupsen, or
to E. grope.  Cf. <u>Grab</u>, <u>Grope</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To seize and hold by clasping or embracing with the fingers or
arms; to catch to take possession of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy hand is made to <i>grasp</i> a palmer's
staff.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay hold of with the mind; to become
thoroughly acquainted or conversant with; to comprehend.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grasp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To effect a grasp; to
make the motion of grasping; to clutch; to struggle; to
strive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As one that <i>grasped</i> And tugged for life and was
by strength subdued.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To grasp at</b></col>, <cd>to catch at; to try to seize;
as, Alexander grasped at universal empire,</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grasp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
gripe or seizure of the hand; a seizure by embrace, or infolding in
the arms.</def> "The grasps of love."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reach of the arms; hence, the power of
seizing and holding; as, it was beyond his grasp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Forcible possession; hold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole space that's in the tyrant's
<i>grasp</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Wide-reaching power of intellect to
comprehend subjects and hold them under survey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The foremost minds of the next . . . era were not, in
power of <i>grasp</i>, equal to their predecessors.</blockquote>
<i>Z. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The handle of a sword or of an
oar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grasp"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being grasped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grasp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who grasps or
seizes; one who catches or holds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grasp"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Seizing; embracing; catching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Avaricious; greedy of gain; covetous;
close; miserly; as, he is a grasping man.</def> --
<wf>Grasp"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  --
<wf>Grasp"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Grasp"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a grasp;
relaxed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From my graspless hand Drop friendship's precious
pearls.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gras</i>,
<i>gres</i>, <i>gers</i>, AS, <i>gr&aelig;s</i>, <i>g&aelig;rs</i>;
akin to OFries. <i>gres</i>, <i>gers</i>, OS., D., G., Icel., &
Goth. <i>gras</i>, Dan. <i>gr&aelig;s</i>, Sw. <i>gr&auml;s</i>, and
prob. to E. <i>green</i>, <i>grow</i>.  Cf. <u>Graze</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Popularly: Herbage; the plants which
constitute the food of cattle and other beasts; pasture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An endogenous plant having
simple leaves, a stem generally jointed and tubular, the husks or
glumes in pairs, and the seed single.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This definition includes wheat, rye, oats, barley, etc.,
and excludes clover and some other plants which are commonly called
by the name of <i>grass</i>. The grasses form a numerous family of
plants.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The season of fresh grass; spring.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Two years old next <i>grass</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Metaphorically used for what is
transitory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Surely the people is <i>grass</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is.
xl. 7.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The following list includes most of the grasses of the
United States of special interest, except cereals.  Many of these
terms will be found with definitions in the Vocabulary. See
Illustrations in Appendix.</p>

<p>Barnyard grass, <cd>for hay. South. <i>Panicum Grus-
galli</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Bent, <cd>pasture and hay. <i>Agrostis</i>, several
species.</cd></p>

<p>Bermuda grass, <cd>pasture. South. <i>Cynodon
Dactylon</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Black bent. <cd>Same as <i>Switch grass</i> (below).</cd></p>

<p>Blue bent, <cd>hay. North and West. <i>Andropogon
provincialis</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Blue grass, <cd>pasture. <i>Poa compressa</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Blue joint, <cd>hay. Northwest. <i>Aqropyrum glaucum</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Buffalo grass, grazing. Rocky Mts., etc. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd><i>Buchlo&euml; dectyloides</i></cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Same as <i>Grama grass</i> (below).</cd>
</p>

<p>Bunch grass, <cd>grazing. Far West. <i>Eriocoma</i>,
<i>Festuca</i>, <i>Stips</i>, etc.</cd></p>

<p>Chess, or Cheat, <cd>a weed. <i>Bromus secalinus</i>,
etc.</cd></p>

<p>Couch grass. <cd>Same as <i>Quick grass</i> (below).</cd></p>

<p>Crab grass, <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Hay, in South. A weed, in
North. <i>Panicum sanguinale</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Pasture and hay. South. <i>Eleusine Indica</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Darnel <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Bearded, a noxious weed. <i>Lolium
temulentum</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Common. Same as <i>Rye
grass</i> (below).</cd></p>

<p>Drop seed, <cd>fair for forage and hay. <i>Muhlenbergia</i>,
several species.</cd></p>

<p>English grass. <cd>Same as <i>Redtop</i> (below).</cd></p>

<p>Fowl meadow grass. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Pasture and hay. <i>Poa
serotina</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Hay, on moist land.
<i>Gryceria nervata</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Gama grass, <cd>cut fodder. South. <i>Tripsacum
dactyloides</i>.</cd></p>

<p>
Grama grass, <cd>grazing. West and Pacific slope. <i>Bouteloua
oligostachya</i>, etc.</cd></p>

<p>Great bunch grass, <cd>pasture and hay. Far West. <i>Festuca
scabrella</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Guinea grass, <cd>hay. South. <i>Panicum jumentorum</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Herd's grass, <cd>in New England <i>Timothy</i>, in Pennsylvania
and South <i>Redtop</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Indian grass. <cd>Same as <i>Wood grass</i> (below).</cd></p>

<p>Italian rye grass, <cd>forage and hay. <i>Lolium
Italicum</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Johnson grass, <cd>grazing and hay. South and Southwest.
<i>Sorghum Halepense</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Kentucky blue grass, <cd>pasture. <i>Poa pratensis</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Lyme grass, <cd>coarse hay. South. <i>Elymus</i>, several
species.</cd></p>

<p>Manna grass, <cd>pasture and hay. <i>Glyceria</i>, several
species.</cd></p>

<p>Meadow fescue, <cd>pasture and hay. <i>Festuca
elatior</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Meadow foxtail, <cd>pasture, hay, lawn. North. <i>Alopecurus
pratensis</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Meadow grass, <cd>pasture, hay, lawn. <i>Poa</i>, several
species.</cd></p>

<p>Mesquite, or Muskit grass. <cd>Same as <i>Grama grass</i>
(above).</cd>
</p>

<p>Nimble Will, <cd>a kind of drop seed. <i>Muhlenbergia
diffsa</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Orchard grass, <cd>pasture and hay. <i>Dactylis
glomerata</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Porcupine grass, <cd>troublesome to sheep. Northwest. <i>Stipa
spartea</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Quaking grass, <cd>ornamental. <i>Briza media</i> and
<i>maxima</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Quitch, or Quick, grass, <cd>etc., a weed. <i>Agropyrum
repens</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Ray grass. <cd>Same as <i>Rye grass</i> (below).</cd></p>

<p>Redtop, <cd>pasture and hay. <i>Agrostis vulgaris</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Red-topped buffalo grass, <cd>forage. Northwest. <i>Poa
tenuifolia</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Reed canary grass, <cd>of slight value. <i>Phalaris
arundinacea</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Reed meadow grass, <cd>hay. North. <i>Glyceria
aquatica</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Ribbon grass, <cd>a striped leaved form of <i>Reed canary
grass</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Rye grass, <cd>pasture, hay. <i>Lolium perenne</i>,
<i>var.</i></cd></p>

<p>Seneca grass, <cd>fragrant basket work, etc. North. <i>Hierochloa
borealis</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Sesame grass. <cd>Same as <i>Gama grass</i> (above).</cd></p>

<p>Sheep's fescue, <cd>sheep pasture, native in Northern Europe and
Asia. <i>Festuca ovina</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Small reed grass, <cd>meadow pasture and hay. North. <i>Deyeuxia
Canadensis</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Spear grass, <cd>Same as <i>Meadow grass</i> (above).</cd></p>

<p>Squirrel-tail grass, <cd>troublesome to animals. Seacoast and
Northwest. <i>Hordeum jubatum</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Switch grass, <cd>hay, cut young. <i>Panicum
virgatum</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Timothy, <cd>cut young, the best of hay. North. <i>Phleum
pratense</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Velvet grass, <cd>hay on poor soil. South. <i>Holcus
lanatus</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Vernal grass, <cd>pasture, hay, lawn. <i>Anthoxanthum
odoratum</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Wire grass, <cd>valuable in pastures. <i>Poa
compressa</i>.</cd></p>

<p>Wood grass, Indian grass, <cd>hay. <i>Chrysopogon nutans</i>.</cd>
</p>

<p>&fist; Many plants are popularly called grasses which are not true
grasses botanically considered, such as black <i>grass</i>, goose
<i>grass</i>, star <i>grass</i>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Black grass</b></col>, <cd>a kind of small rush (<i>Juncus
Gerardi</i>), growing in salt marshes, used for making salt hay.</cd>
-- <col><b>Grass of the Andes</b></col>, <cd>an oat grass, the
<i>Arrhenatherum avenaceum</i> of Europe.</cd>-- <col><b>Grass of
Parnassus</b></col>, <cd>a plant of the genus <i>Parnassia</i>
growing in wet ground. The European species is <i>P. palustris</i>;
in the United States there are several species.</cd> -- <col><b>Grass
bass</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the calico bass.</cd> --
<col><b>Grass bird</b></col>, <cd>the dunlin.</cd> -- <col><b>Grass
cloth</b></col>, <cd>a cloth woven from the tough fibers of the
grass-cloth plant.</cd> -- <col><b>Grass-cloth plant</b></col>, <cd>a
perennial herb of the Nettle family (<i>B&oelig;hmeria nivea or
Urtica nivea</i>), which grows in Sumatra, China, and Assam, whose
inner bark has fine and strong fibers suited for textile
purposes.</cd>  -- <col><b>Grass finch</b></col>.
<cd><i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A common American sparrow
(<i>Po&ouml;c&aelig;tes gramineus</i>); -- called also <i>vesper
sparrow</i> and <i>bay-winged bunting</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Any
Australian finch, of the genus <i>Po&euml;phila</i>, of which several
species are known.</cd>  -- <col><b>Grass lamb</b></col>, <cd>a lamb
suckled by a dam running on pasture land and giving rich milk.</cd>--
<col><b>Grass land</b></col>, <cd>land kept in grass and not
tilled.</cd> --  <col><b>Grass moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>one of many small moths of the genus <i>Crambus</i>, found in
grass.</cd> -- <col><b>Grass oil</b></col>, <cd>a fragrant essential
volatile oil, obtained in India from grasses of the genus
<i>Andropogon</i>, etc.; -- used in perfumery under the name of
<i>citronella</i>, <i>ginger grass oil</i>, <i>lemon grass oil</i>,
<i>essence of verbena</i> etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Grass owl</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, a <cd>South African owl  (<i>Strix
Capensis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Grass parrakeet</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, a<cd>ny of several species of Australian
parrots, of the genus <i>Euphemia</i>; --  also applied to the zebra
parrakeet.</cd> -- <col><b>Grass plover</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, t<cd>he upland or field plover.</cd> --
<col><b>Grass poly</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, a <cd>species of
willowwort (<i>Lythrum Hyssopifolia</i>).</cd> <i>Johnson.</i> --
<col><b>Crass quit</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several
tropical American finches of the genus <i>Euetheia</i>. The males
have most of the head and chest black and often marked with
yellow.</cd> -- <col><b>Grass snake</b></col>.  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The common English, or ringed, snake
(<i>Tropidonotus natrix</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The common
green snake of the Northern United States. See <i>Green snake</i>,
under <u>Green</u>.</cd>  -- <col><b>Grass snipe</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the pectoral sandpiper (<i>Tringa
maculata</i>); -- called also <i>jacksnipe</i> in America.</cd> --
<col><b>Grass spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common
spider (<i>Agelena n&aelig;via</i>), which spins flat webs on grass,
conspicuous when covered with dew.</cd> -- <col><b>Grass
sponge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an inferior kind of
commercial sponge from Florida and the Bahamas.</cd> --
<col><b>Grass table</b></col>. <cd><i>(Arch.)</i> See <i>Earth
table</i>, under <u>Earth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Grass vetch</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a vetch (<i>Lathyrus Nissolia</i>), with narrow
grasslike leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Grass widow</b></col>.  [Cf. Prov.
R. an unmarried mother, G. <i>strohwittwe</i> a mock widow, Sw.
<i>gr&auml;senka</i> a grass widow.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An
unmarried woman who is a mother.</cd> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A woman separated from her husband by abandonment or prolonged
absence; a woman living apart from her husband.</cd> [Slang.] --
<col><b>Grass wrack</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>eelgrass.</cd> --
<col><b>To bring to grass</b></col> <i>(Mining.)</i>, <cd>to raise,
as ore, to the surface of the ground.</cd> -- <col><b>To put to
grass</b></col>, <col><b>To put out to grass</b></col>, <cd>to put
out to graze a season, as cattle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grass</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grassed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grassing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with grass or with
turf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expose, as flax, on the grass for
bleaching, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring to the grass or ground; to land;
as, to grass a fish.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Grass</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To produce
grass.</def> [R.] <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gras*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>grassatio</i>, from grassari to go about.] <def>A wandering about
with evil intentions; a rioting.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grass"-green`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Green with grass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the color of grass; clear and vivid
green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grass"-grown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overgrown
with grass; as, a grass-grown road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grass"hop`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any jumping, orthopterous
insect, of the families <i>Acridid&aelig;</i> and
<i>Locustid&aelig;</i>. The species and genera are very numerous.
The former family includes the Western grasshopper or locust
(<i>Caloptenus spretus</i>), noted for the great extent of its
ravages in the region beyond the Mississippi. In the Eastern United
States the red-legged (<i>Caloptenus femurrubrum</i> and <i>C.
atlanis</i>) are closely related species, but their ravages are less
important. They are closely related to the migratory locusts of the
Old World. See <u>Locust</u>.</def>
</p>

<p>&fist; The meadow or green grasshoppers belong to the
<i>Locustid&aelig;</i>. They have long antenn&aelig;, large
ovipositors, and stridulating organs at the base of the wings in the
male. The European great green grasshopper (<i>Locusta
viridissima</i>) belongs to this family. The common American green
species mostly belong to <i>Xiphidium</i>, <i>Orchelimum</i>, and
<i>Conocephalus</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In ordinary square or upright pianos of
London make, the escapement lever or jack, so made that it can be
taken out and replaced with the key; -- called also the
<i>hopper.</i></def>  <i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Grasshopper engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine having a
working beam with its fulcrum at one end, the steam cylinder at the
other end, and the connecting rod at an intermediate point.</cd> --
<col><b>Grasshopper lobster</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>a young
lobster.</cd> [Local, U. S.] -- <col><b>Grasshopper warbler</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>cricket bird.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grass"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Grassy.]
<def>The state of abounding with grass; a grassy state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grass"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grass"plot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plot or
space covered with grass; a lawn.</def> "Here on this grassplot."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grass" tree"</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An Australian plant of the genus <i>Xanthorrh&oelig;a</i>,
having a thick trunk crowned with a dense tuft of pendulous,
grasslike leaves, from the center of which arises a long stem,
bearing at its summit a dense flower spike looking somewhat like a
large cat-tail. These plants are often called "blackboys" from the
large trunks denuded and blackened by fire. They yield two kinds of
fragrant resin, called <i>Botany-bay gum</i>, and <i>Gum
Acaroides</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A similar Australian
plant (<i>Kingia australis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Grass"y</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered with grass; abounding with grass; as, a grassy
lawn.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling grass; green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. gratus agreeable,
grateful: cf. It. &amp; Sp. grato. See Grace, and cf. Agree.]
<def>Serving to gratify; agreeable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. grata, fr. L. crates
hurdle; or It. grata, of the same origin. Sae Crate, Hurdle.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A structure or frame containing parallel or
crosed bars, with interstices; a kind of latticework, such as is used
ia the windows of prisons and cloisters.</def> "A secret grate of
iron bars."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A frame or bed, or kind of basket, of iron
bars, for holding fuel while burning.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grate surface</b></col> <i>(Steam, Boiler)</i> <cd>the
area of the surface of the grate upon which the fuel lies in the
furnace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &. vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grating</u>.] <def>To furnish with grates; to protect with a
grating or crossbars; as, to grate a window.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF <i>grater</i> to
scrape, scratch, F. <i>gratter</i>, LL. <i>gratare</i>,
<i>cratare</i>; of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>chrazz&omacr;n</i> G.
<i>kratzen</i>, D. <i>krassen</i>, Sw. <i>Kratta</i>, and perh. E.
<i>scratch.</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub roughly or harshly,
as one body against another, causing a harsh sound; as, to
<i>grate</i> the teeth; to produce (a harsh sound) by
rubbing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On their hinges <i>grate</i><BR>
Harsh thunder.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to small particles by rubbing
with anything rough or indented; as, to <i>grate</i> a
nutmeg.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fret; to irritate; to offend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>News, my good lord Rome . . . <i>grates</i>
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make a harsh sound by friction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had rather hear a brazen canstick turned,<BR>
Or a dry wheel <i>grate</i> on the exletree.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce the effect of rubbing with a
hard rough material; to cause wearing, tearing, or bruising. Hence;
To produce exasperation, soreness, or grief; to offend by oppression
or importunity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>grated</i> harder upon the hearts of
men.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p>! p. 647  this page badly done -- in need of careful proofing
!></p>

<p><hw>Grat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 2d <u>Grate</u>.]
<def>Furnished with a grate or grating; as, <i>grated</i>
windows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grate"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Grate</i>, a. +
<i>full</i>; cf. F. <i>gr&eacute;</i> thanks, good will, fr. L.
<i>gratum</i>, neut. of <i>gratus</i> agreeable, grateful. See
<u>Grate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a
due sense of benefits received; kindly disposed toward one from whom
a favor has been received; willing to acknowledge and repay, or give
thanks for, benefits; as, a <i>grateful</i> heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>grateful</i> mind<BR>
By owing, owes not, but still pays.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affording pleasure; pleasing to the
senses; gratifying; delicious; as, a <i>grateful</i> present; food
<i>grateful</i> to the palate; <i>grateful</i> sleep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now golden fruits on loaded branches shine,<BR>
And <i>grateful</i> clusters swell.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Thankful; pleasing; acceptable; gratifying;
agreeable; welcome; delightful; delicious.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Grate"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Grate"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Grat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Qrate, v.]
<def>One who, or that which, grates; especially, an instrument or
utensil with a rough, indented surface, for rubbing off small
particles of any substance; as a <i>grater</i> for nutmegs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*tic"u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>graticulation</i>, <i>craticulation</i>, fr. <i>graticuler</i>,
<i>craticuler</i>, to square, fr. <i>graticule</i>, <i>craticule</i>,
graticule, L. <i>craticula</i>, dim. of <i>crates</i> wickerwork. See
2d <u>Grate</u>.] <def>The division of a design or draught into
squares, in order the more easily to reproduce it in larger or
smaller dimensions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grat"i*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Graticulation.</u>] <def>A design or draught which has been
divided into squares, in order to reproduce it in other
dimensions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grat"i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
gratificatio: cf. F. gratification.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of gratifying, or pleasing, either the mind, the taste, or the
appetite; as, the <i>gratification</i> of the palate, of the
appetites, of the senses, of the desires, of the heart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which affords pleasure; satisfaction;
enjoyment; fruition: delight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A reward; a recompense; a gratuity. </def>
<i>Bp. Morton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grat"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pleased;
indulged according to desire.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Glad; pleased. See <u>Glad.</u></p>

<p><hw>Grat"i*fi"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gratifies or pleases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grat"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gratified</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gratifying</u> (#).] [F. <i>gratifier</i>, L. <i>gratificari</i>;
<i>gratus</i> pleasing + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-
fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To please; to give pleasure to; to
satisfy; to soothe; to indulge; as, to <i>gratify</i> the taste, the
appetite, the senses, the desires, the mind, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For who would die to <i>gratify</i> a
foe?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To requite; to recompense.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It remains . . . <BR>
To <i>gratify</i> his noble service.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To indulge; humor please; delight; requite;
recompense.  -- To <u>Gratify</u>, <u>Indulge</u>, <u>Humor.</u>
<i>Gratify</i>, is the generic term, and has reference simply to the
pleasure communicated. To <i>indulge</i> a person implies that we
concede something to his wishes or his weaknesses which he could not
claim, and which had better, perhaps, be spared. To <i>humor</i> is
to adapt ourselves to the varying moods, and, perhaps, caprices, of
others.  We <i>gratify</i> a child by showing him the sights of a
large city; we <i>indulge</i> him in some extra expense on such an
occasion; we <i>humor</i> him when he is tired and exacting.</p>

<p><hw>Grat"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d Grate.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A partition, covering, or frame of parallel
or cross bars; a latticework resembling a window grate; as, the
<i>grating</i> of a prison or convent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Optics)</i> <def>A system of close
equidistant and parallel lines lines or bars, especially lines ruled
on a polished surface, used for producing spectra by diffraction; --
called also <i>diffraction grating</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The strong
wooden lattice used to cover a hatch, admitting light and air; also,
a movable Lattice used for the flooring of boats.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Grat"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Grate</u> to rub
harshy.] <def>That grates; making a harsh sound; harsh.</def> --
<wf>Grat"ing*ly</wf>, adv.</p>

<p><hw>Grat"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A harsh sound caused
by attrition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*ti"o*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>One of the essential principles of the hedge hyssop (<i>Gratiola
officinalis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L., contr. fr.
<i>gratiis</i> out of favor or kindness, without recompense, for
nothing, fr. <i>gratia</i> favor. See <u>Grace.</u>] <def>For
nothing; without fee or recompense; freely; gratuitously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grat"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gratitude</i>, LL. <i>gratitudo</i>, from <i>gratus</i> agreeable,
grateful. See <u>Grate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The state of
being grateful; warm and friendly feeling toward a benefactor;
kindness awakened by a favor received; thankfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The debt immense of endless
<i>gratitude.</i></blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gra*tu"i*tous</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gratuitus</i>, from <i>gratus</i> pleasing. See <u>Grate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Gratis.</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Given
without an equivalent or recompense; conferred without valuable
consideration; granted without pay, or without claim or merit; not
required by justice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We mistake the <i>gratuitous</i> blessings of Heaven
for the fruits of our own industry.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not called for by the circumstances;
without reason, cause, or proof; adopted or asserted without any good
ground; as, a <i>gratuitous</i> assumption.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Acts of <i>gratuitous</i> self-
humiliation.</blockquote> <i>De Quincye.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Gra*tu"i*tous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Gra*tu"i*tous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gra*tu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gratuities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>gratuit&eacute;</i>, or LL.
<i>gratuitas</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something given freely or
without recompense; a free gift; a present.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something voluntarily given in return for
a favor or service, as a recompense or acknowledgment.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Grat"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Grqatulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gratulating</u> (?).] [L. <i>gratulatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>gratulari</i> to congratulate, fr. <i>gratus</i> pleasing,
agreeable. See <u>Grate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To salute
with declaration of joy; to congratulate.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grat"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy of
gratulation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There's more behind that is more
<i>gratulate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grat"u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. gratulatio.]
<def>The act of gratulating or felicitating;
congratulation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall turn my wishes into
<i>gratulations.</i></blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grat"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
gratulatorius.] <def>Expressing gratulation or joy;
congratulatory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The usual groundwork of such <i>gratulatory</i>
odes.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Graunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Grant.</u></def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Grau"wack*e</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<def>Graywacke.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gra*va"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Gravamina </b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Gravamens</b></plw> (#).
[L., fr. <i>gravare</i> to load, burden, fr. <i>gravis</i> heavy,
weighty. See <u>Grave</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The grievance complained of; the substantial cause of the
action; also, in general, the ground or essence of a complaint.
Bouvier.</def></p>

<p><hw>-grave</hw> (?). <def>A final syllable signifying a ruler, as
in landgrave, margrave. See <u>Margrave.</u></def></p>

<p><hw>Grave</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
clean, as a vessel's bottom, of barnacles, grass, etc., and pay it
over with pitch; -- so called because <i>graves</i> or <i>greaves</i>
was formerly used for this purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grave</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Graver</u> (gr&amacr;v"&etilde;r); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Gravest.</u>] [F., fr. L. <i>gravis</i> heavy; cf. It. &amp; Sp.
<i>grave</i> heavy, grave. See <u>Grief.</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of great weight; heavy; ponderous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His shield <i>grave</i> and great.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of importance; momentous; weighty;
influential; sedate; serious; -- said of character, relations, etc.;
as, <i>grave</i> deportment, character, influence, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most potent, <i>grave</i>, and reverend
seigniors.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>grave</i> and prudent law, full of moral
equity.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not light or gay; solemn; sober; plain;
as, a <i>grave</i> color; a <i>grave</i> face.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not
acute or sharp; low; deep; -- said of sound; as, a <i>grave</i> note
or key.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The thicker the cord or string, the more <i>grave</i>
is the note or tone.</blockquote> <i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Slow and solemn in movement.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grave accent</b></col>. <i>(Pron.)</i> <cd>See the Note
under <u>Accent</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Solemn; sober; serious; sage; staid; demure;
thoughtful; sedate; weighty; momentous; important.  --  <u>Grave</u>,
<u>Sober</u>, <u>Serious</u>, <u>Solemn.</u> <i>Sober</i> supposes
the absence of all exhilaration of spirits, and is opposed to gay or
flighty; as, <i>sober</i> thought. <i>Serious</i> implies
considerateness or reflection, and is opposed to jocose or sportive;
as, <i>serious</i> and important concerns. <i>Grave</i> denotes a
state of mind, appearance, etc., which results from the pressure of
weighty interests, and is opposed to hilarity of feeling or vivacity
of manner; as, a <i>qrave</i> remark; <i>qrave</i> attire.
<i>Solemn</i> is applied to a case in which gravity is carried to its
highest point; as, a <i>solemn</i> admonition; a <i>solemn</i>
promise.</p>

<p><hw>Grave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Graved</u> (gr&amacr;vd); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Graven</u>
(gr&amacr;v"'n) or <u>Graved</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Graving</u>.] [AS.  <i>grafan</i> to dig, grave, engrave; akin to
OFries. <i>greva</i>, D. <i>graven</i>, G. <i>graben</i>, OHG. &
Goth. <i>graban</i>, Dan.  <i>grabe</i>, Sw. <i>gr&auml;fva</i>,
Icel. <i>grafa</i>, but prob. not to Gr. <grk>gra`fein</grk> to
write, E. <i>graphic.</i> Cf. <u>Grave</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Grove</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dig. [Obs.] Chaucer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath <i>graven</i> and digged up a
pit.</blockquote> <i>Ps. vii. 16 (Book of Common Prayer). </i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carve or cut, as letters or figures, on
some hard substance; to engrave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt take two onyx stones, and <i>grave</i> on
them the names of the children of Israel.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxviii.
9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To carve out or give shape to, by cutting
with a chisel; to sculpture; as, to <i>grave</i> an image.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With gold men may the hearte
<i>grave</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To impress deeply (on the mind); to fix
indelibly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O! may they graven in thy heart remain.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn>  <def>To entomb; to bury.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lie full low, <i>graved</i> in the hollow
ground.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grave</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To write or delineate
on hard substances, by means of incised lines; to practice
engraving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grave</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gr?f</i>, fr.
<i>grafan</i> to dig; akin to D. &amp; OS. <i>graf</i>, G. <i>grab</i>,
Icel. <i>gr&ouml;f</i>, Russ. <i>grob'</i> grave, coffin. See
<u>Grave</u> to carve.] <def>An excavation in the earth as a place of
burial; also, any place of interment; a tomb; a sepulcher. Hence:
Death; destruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bad lain in the <i>grave</i> four
days.</blockquote> <i>John xi. 17.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Grave wax</b></col>, <cd>adipocere</cd>.</p>

<p><hw>Grave"clothes`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The
clothes or dress in which the dead are interred.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grave"dig`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A digger of graves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Burying
beetle</i>, under <u>Bury</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Grav"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gravele</i>,
akin to F. <i>gr?ve</i> a sandy shore, strand; of Celtic origin; cf.
Armor. <i>grouan</i> gravel, W. <i>gro</i> coarse gravel, pebbles,
and Skr. <i>gr&amacr;van</i> stone.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Small
stones, or fragments of stone; very small pebbles, often intermixed
with particles of sand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A deposit of small calculous
concretions in the kidneys and the urinary or gall bladder; also, the
disease of which they are a symptom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gravel powder</b></col>, <cd>a coarse gunpowder; pebble
powder.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grav"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Graveled</u> (?) or <u>Gravelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Graveling</u> or <u>Gravelling</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with gravel; as, to gravel a
walk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To run (as a ship) upon the gravel or
beach; to run aground; to cause to stick fast in gravel or
sand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When we were fallen into a place between two seas,
they <i>graveled</i> the ship.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvii. 41
(Rhemish version).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Willam the Conqueror . . . chanced as his arrival to
be <i>graveled</i>; and one of his feet stuck so fast in the sand
that he fell to the ground.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To check or stop; to embarrass; to
perplex.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When you were <i>graveled</i> for lack of
matter.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The physician was so <i>graveled</i> and amazed
withal, that he had not a word more to say.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
North.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hurt or lame (a horse) by gravel lodged
between the shoe and foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grave"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
grave; unburied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grav"el*ing</hw> (?), or <hw>Grav"el*ling</hw>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of covering with
gravel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A layer or coating of gravel (on a path,
etc.).</def></p>

<p><hw>Grav"el*ing</hw>, or <hw>Grav"el*ling</hw>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A salmon one or two
years old, before it has gone to sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grav"el*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being gravelly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grav"el*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
gravel; consisting of gravel; as, a <i>gravelly</i> soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grav"el-stone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pebble,
or small fragment of stone; a calculus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grave"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a grave
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grav"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Grave</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Carved.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Graven image</b></col>, <cd>an idol; an object of worship
carved from wood, stone, etc.</cd> "Thou shalt not make unto thee any
<i>graven image</i>." <i>Ex. xx. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grave"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His sables and his weeds,<BR>
Importing health and <i>graveness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gra"ven*stein"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called
because it came from Gravenstein, a place in Schleswig. Downing.]
<def>A kind of fall apple, marked with streaks of deep red and
orange, and of excellent flavor and quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*ve"o*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>graveolentia</i>: cf. F. <i>grav&eacute;olence.</i> See
<u>Graveolent.</u>] <def>A strong and offensive smell;
rancidity.</def> [R.] <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gra*ve"o*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>graveolens</i>; <i>gravis</i> heavy + <i>olere</i> to smell.]
<def>Having a rank smell.</def> [R.] <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Graver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who graves; an engraver or a sculptor; one whose occupation
is te cut letters or figures in stone or other hard
material.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ergraving or cutting tool; a
burin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grav"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act,
process, or art, of graving or carving; engraving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Either of picture or <i>gravery</i> and
embossing.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Graves</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The sediment of
melted tallow. Same as <u>Greaves.</u></def></p>

<p><hw>Graves"' dis*ease"</hw> (?). [So called after Dr.
<i>Graves</i>, of Dublin.] <def>Same as <u>Basedow's
disease</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grave"stone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone laid
over, or erected near, a grave, usually with an inscription, to
preserve the memory of the dead; a tombstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grave"yard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yard or
inclosure for the interment of the dead; a cemetery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grav"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
causing, gravitation; as, <i>gravic</i> forces; <i>gravic</i>
attraction.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Grav"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gravidus</i>,
fr. <i>gravis</i> heavy, loaded. See <u>Grave</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Being with child; heavy with young;
pregnant; fruitful; as, a <i>gravid</i> uterus; <i>gravid</i>
piety.</def> " His <i>gravid</i> associate." <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grav"i*da"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gravidatus</i>, p. p. of <i>gravidare</i> to load, impregnate. See
<u>Gravid</u>.] <def>Made pregnant; big.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grav"i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Gravidity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gra*vid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>graviditas.</i>] <def>The state of being gravidated;
pregnancy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Grav"i*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. gravis heavy +
gradus step.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Slow-paced.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the pachyderms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*vim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gravis</i>
heavy + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>gravim&egrave;tre</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for ascertaining the specific
gravity of bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grav"i*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to measurement by weight; measured by
weight.</def> -- <wf>Grav"i*met"ric*al*ly</wf> (#), adv.</p>

<p><col><b>Gravimetric analysis</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>analysis in which the amounts of the constituents are determined
by weight;  -- in distinction from <i>volumetric
analysis</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grav"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Grave</u> to
clean.] <def>The act of cleaning a ship's bottom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Graving dock</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
Dock.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grav"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Grave</u> to
dig.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or art of carving figures in
hard substances, esp. by incision or in intaglio.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is graved or carved.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Skillful to . . . <i>grave</i> any manner of
<i>graving</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Chron. ii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Impression, as upon the mind or
heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>New <i>gravings</i> upon their souls.</blockquote>
<i>Eikon Basilike</i></p>

<p><hw>Grav"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gravitated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gravitating</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>graviter.</i> See
<u>Gravity.</u>] <def>To obey the law of gravitation; to exert a
force Or pressure, or tend to move, under the influence of
gravitation; to tend in any direction or toward any object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why does this apple fall to the ground? Because all
bodies <i>gravitate</i> toward each other.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Politicians who naturally <i>gravitate</i> towards the
stronger party.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grav"i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
gravitation. See Gravity.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
gravitating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pysics)</i> <def>That species of attraction
or force by which all bodies or particles of matter in the universe
tend toward each other; called also <i>attraction of gravitation</i>,
<i>universal gravitation</i>, and <i>universal gravity</i>. See
<u>Attraction</u>, and <u>Weight.</u></def></p>

<p><col><b>Law of gravitation</b></col>, <cd>that law in accordance
with which gravitation acts, namely, that every two bodies or
portions of matter in the universe attract each other with a force
proportional directly to the quantity of matter they contain, and
inversely to the squares of their distances.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grav`i*tation*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the force of gravity; as,
<i>gravitational</i> units.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gravi*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing to
gravitate; tending to a center.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grav"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gravities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>gravitas</i>, fr.
<i>gravis</i> heavy; cf. F. <i>gravit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Grave</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Grief</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state of having weight; beaviness; as, the <i>gravity</i> of
lead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sobriety of character or demeanor.</def>
"Men of <i>gravity</i> and learning."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>! p. 648 needs proofing ##proof
- especially italicized words (also in etymologies) are not
 properly marked !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Importance, significance, dignity, etc;
hence, seriousness; enormity; as, the <i>gravity</i> of an
offense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They derive an importance from . . . the
<i>gravity</i> of the place where they were uttered.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The tendency of a mass of
matter toward a center of attraction; esp., the tendency of a body
toward the center of the earth; terrestrial gravitation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Lowness of tone; -- opposed
to acuteness.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Center of gravity</b></col> <cd>See under
<u>Center</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gravity battery</b></col>, <cd>See
<u>Battery</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Specific
gravity</b></col>, <cd>the ratio of the weight of a body to the
weight of an equal volume of some other body taken as the standard or
unit. This standard is usually water for solids and liquids, and air
for gases. Thus, 19, the specific gravity of gold, expresses the fact
that, bulk for bulk, gold is nineteen times as heavy as
water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gra"vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gravies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>greavie</i>; prob. fr.
<i>greaves</i>, <i>graves</i>, the sediment of melted tallow. See
<u>Greaves</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The juice or other liquid
matter that drips from flesh in cooking, made into a dressing for the
food when served up.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liquid dressing for meat, fish,
vegetables, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gray</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Grayer</u> (&?;); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Grayest</u>.] [OE.
<i>gray</i>, grey, AS. <i>gr&aemacr;g</i>, <i>gr&emacr;g</i>; akin to
D. <i>graauw</i>, OHG. <i>gr&amacr;o</i>, G. <i>grau</i>, Dan.
<i>graa</i>, Sw. <i>gr&aring;</i>, Icel.  <i>gr&amacr;r</i>.]
[Written also <i>grey</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>White mixed with
black, as the color of pepper and salt, or of ashes, or of hair
whitened by age; sometimes, a dark mixed color; as, the soft
<i>gray</i> eye of a dove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>gray</i> and dun colors may be also produced
by mixing whites and blacks.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gray-haired; gray-headed; of a gray color;
hoary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Old; mature; as, gray experience.
Ames.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gray antimony</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>stibnite.</cd>
-- <col><b>Gray buck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
chickara.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray cobalt</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>smaltite.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray copper</b></col>  <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>tetrahedrite.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray duck</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the gadwall; also applied to the female
mallard.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray falcon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>the peregrine falcon.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray Friar</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Franciscan</u>, and <u>Friar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray
hen</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the female of the blackcock or
black grouse. See <u>Heath grouse</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray mill or
millet</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of several plants of the
genus <i>Lithospermum</i>; gromwell.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray
mullet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>any one of the numerous
species of the genus <i>Mugil</i>, or family <i>Mugilid&aelig;</i>,
found both in the Old World and America; as the European species
(<i>M. capito</i>, and <i>M. auratus</i>), the American striped
mullet (<i>M. albula</i>), and the white or silver mullet (<i>M.
Braziliensis</i>). See <u>Mullet</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray
owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd> the European tawny or brown
owl (<i>Syrnium aluco</i>). The great gray owl (<i>Ulula cinerea</i>)
inhabits arctic America.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray parrot</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a parrot (<i>Psittacus erithacus</i>), very
commonly domesticated, and noted for its aptness in learning to
talk.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray pike</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Sauger</u>.</cd> --  <col><b>Gray snapper</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a Florida fish; the sea lawyer. See
<u>Snapper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray snipe</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the dowitcher in winter plumage.</cd> --
<col><b>Gray whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a rather large
and swift California whale (<i>Rhachianectes glaucus</i>), formerly
taken in large numbers in the bays; -- called also <i>grayback</i>,
<i>devilfish</i>, and <i>hardhead</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gray
color; any mixture of white and black; also, a neutral or whitish
tint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An animal or thing of gray color, as a
horse, a badger, or a kind of salmon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Woe worth the chase, woe worth the day.<BR>
That coats thy life, my gallant <i>gray</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gray"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The California gray whale.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The redbreasted sandpiper or knot.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The dowitcher.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>The body louse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gray"beard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old
man.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gray"fly`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The trumpet fly.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gray"hound`</hw> (-hound`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Greyhound</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gray"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
gray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gray"lag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The common wild gray goose (<i>Anser anser</i>) of Europe,
believed to be the wild form of the domestic goose. See
<i>Illust</i>. of <u>Goose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gray"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Gray</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
European fish (<i>Thymallus vulgaris</i>), allied to the trout, but
having a very broad dorsal fin; -- called also <i>umber</i>.  It
inhabits cold mountain streams, and is valued as a game
fish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And here and there a lusty trout,<BR>
And here and there a grayling.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American fish of
the genus <i>Thymallus</i>, having similar habits to the above; one
species (<i>T. Ontariensis</i>), inhabits several streams in
Michigan; another  (<i>T. montanus</i>), is found in the Yellowstone
region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gray"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
gray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gray"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A grayish or greenish compact rock, composed of feldspar and
augite, and allied to basalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gray"wacke`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>grauwacke</i>; <i>grau</i> gray + <i>wacke</i> wacke. See
<u>Gray</u>, and <u>Wacke</u>, and cf. <u>Grauwacke</u>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A conglomerate or grit rock, consisting of
rounded pebbles and sand firmly united together.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term, derived from the <i>grauwacke</i> of German
miners, was formerly applied in geology to different grits and slates
of the Silurian series; but it is now seldom used.</p>

<p><hw>Graze</hw> (gr&amacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Grazed</u> (gr&amacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Grazing</u>.] [OE. <i>grasen</i>, AS. <i>grasian</i>,
fr.  <i>gr&aelig;s</i> grass. See <u>Grass</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To feed or supply (cattle, sheep, etc.) with grass; to furnish
pasture for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A field or two to <i>graze</i> his cows.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feed on; to eat (growing herbage); to
eat grass from (a pasture); to browse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lambs with wolves shall <i>graze</i> the verdant
mead.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To tend (cattle, etc.) while
grazing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Jacob <i>grazed</i> his uncle Laban's
sheep.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To rub or touch lightly the surface of (a
thing) in passing; as, the bullet <i>grazed</i> the wall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
eat grass; to feed on growing herbage; as, cattle <i>graze</i> on the
meadows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To yield grass for grazing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ground continueth the wet, whereby it will never
<i>graze</i> to purpose.</blockquote>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To touch something lightly in
passing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of grazing; the cropping of grass.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Turning him out for a <i>graze</i> on the
common.</blockquote> <i>T. Hughes. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A light touch; a slight scratch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that grazes; a
creature which feeds on growing grass or herbage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cackling goose,<BR>
Close <i>grazer</i>, finds wherewith to ease her want.</blockquote>
<i>J. Philips. </i></p>

<p><hw>Gra"zier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who pastures
cattle, and rears them for market.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inhabitants be rather . . . <i>graziers</i> than
plowmen.</blockquote> <i>Stow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Graz"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, grazes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pasture; growing grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gra"zi*o"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It., adj. See
<u>Gracious</u>.] (<i>Mus.</i>) <def>Gracefully; smoothly;
elegantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Gree</u>, a
step.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gre</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Gree</u>, good
will.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Grease</hw> (gr&emacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>grese</i>, <i>grece</i>, F. <i>graisse</i>; akin to <i>gras</i>
fat, greasy, fr. LL. <i>grassus</i> thick, fat, gross, L.
<i>crassus</i>.  Cf. <u>Crass</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Animal
fat, as tallow or lard, especially when in a soft state; oily or
unctuous matter of any kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An inflammation of a horse's
heels, suspending the ordinary greasy secretion of the part, and
producing dryness and scurfiness, followed by cracks, ulceration, and
fungous excrescences.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grease bush</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Grease
wood</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Grease moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a pyralid moth (<i>Aglossa pinguinalis</i>)
whose larva eats greasy cloth, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Grease
wood</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a scraggy, stunted, and somewhat
prickly shrub (<i>Sarcobatus vermiculatus</i>) of the Spinach family,
very abundant in alkaline valleys from the upper Missouri to
California. The name is also applied to other plants of the same
family, as several species of <i>Atriplex</i> and
<i>Obione</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grease</hw> (gr&emacr;z <i>or</i> gr&emacr;s; 277), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Greased</u>
(gr&emacr;zd <i>or</i> gr&emacr;sd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Greasing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To smear, anoint, or daub, with grease or
fat; to lubricate; as, to grease the wheels of a wagon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bribe; to corrupt with
presents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>greased</i> advocate that grinds the
poor.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cheat or cozen; to overreach.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>To affect (a horse) with
grease, the disease.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To grease in the hand</b></col>, <cd>to corrupt by
bribes.</cd>  <i>Usher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Greas"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, greases; specifically, a person employed
to lubricate the working parts of machinery, engines, carriages,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A nickname sometimes applied in contempt
to a Mexican of the lowest type.</def> [Low, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Greas"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a greasy manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a gross or indelicate manner.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You talk <i>greasily</i>; your lips grow
foul.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Greas"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being greasy, oiliness; unctuousness; grossness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greas"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Greasier</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Greasiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Composed of, or characterized by, grease; oily; unctuous; as, a
<i>greasy</i> dish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Smeared or defiled with grease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>greasy</i> aprons, rules, and
hammers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Like grease or oil; smooth; seemingly
unctuous to the touch, as is mineral soapstone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fat of body; bulky.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Gross; indelicate; indecent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>Affected with the disease
called <i>grease</i>; as, the heels of a horse. See <u>Grease</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Great</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Greater</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Greatest</u>.] [OE. <i>gret</i>, great,
AS. <i>gre&aacute;t</i>; akin to OS. &amp; LG. <i>gr&omacr;t</i>, D.
<i>groot</i>, OHG. <i>gr&omacr;z</i>, G. <i>gross</i>.  Cf.
<u>Groat</u> the coin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Large in space; of
much size; big; immense; enormous; expanded; -- opposed to
<i>small</i> and <i>little</i>; as, a <i>great</i> house, ship, farm,
plain, distance, length.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Large in number; numerous; as, a
<i>great</i> company, multitude, series, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Long continued; lengthened in duration;
prolonged in time; as, a <i>great</i> while; a <i>great</i>
interval.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Superior; admirable; commanding; --
applied to thoughts, actions, and feelings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Endowed with extraordinary powers;
uncommonly gifted; able to accomplish vast results; strong; powerful;
mighty; noble; as, a <i>great</i> hero, scholar, genius, philosopher,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Holding a chief position; elevated: lofty:
eminent; distinguished; foremost; principal; as, <i>great</i> men;
the <i>great</i> seal; the <i>great</i> marshal, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He doth object I am too <i>great</i> of
birth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Entitled to earnest consideration;
weighty; important; as, a <i>great</i> argument, truth, or
principle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Pregnant; big (with young).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ewes <i>great</i> with young.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
lxxviii. 71.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>More than ordinary in degree; very
considerable in degree; as, to use <i>great</i> caution; to be in
<i>great</i> pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have all<BR>
<i>Great</i> cause to give <i>great</i> thanks.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Genealogy)</i> <def>Older, younger, or
more remote, by single generation; -- often used before grand to
indicate one degree more remote in the direct line of descent; as,
great-grandfather (a grandfather's or a grandmother's father), great-
grandson, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Great bear</b></col> (<i>Astron.</i>), <cd>the
constellation Ursa Major.</cd> --  <col><b>Great cattle</b></col>
(<i>Law</i>), <cd>all manner of cattle except sheep and
yearlings.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i> -- <col><b>Great charter</b></col>
(<i>Eng. Hist.</i>), <cd>Magna Charta.</cd> -- <col><b>Great circle
of a sphere</b></col>, <cd>a circle the plane of which passes through
the center of the sphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Great circle
sailing</b></col>, <cd>the process or art of conducting a ship on a
great circle of the globe or on the shortest arc between two
places.</cd> -- <col><b>Great go</b></col>, <cd>the final examination
for a degree at the University of Oxford, England; -- called also
<i>greats</i>.</cd>  <i>T. Hughes.</i> -- <col><b>Great
guns</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under Gun.</cd> -- <col><b>The
Great Lakes</b></col> <cd>the large fresh-water lakes (Lakes
Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario) which lie on the
northern borders of the United States.</cd> -- <col><b>Great
master</b></col>.  <cd>Same as <i>Grand master</i>, under
<u>Grand</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Great organ</b></col>  <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>the largest and loudest of the three parts of a grand organ (the
others being the <i>choir organ</i> and the <i>swell</i>, and
sometimes the <i>pedal organ</i> or foot keys), It is played upon by
a separate keyboard, which has the middle position.</cd> --
<col><b>The great powers</b></col> (of Europe), <cd>in modern
diplomacy, Great Britain, France, Germany, Austria, Russia, and
Italy.</cd> -- <col><b>Great primer</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Type</u>.</cd> --  <col><b>Great scale</b></col> (<i>Mus.</i>),
<cd>the complete scale; -- employed to designate the entire series of
musical sounds from lowest to highest.</cd> -- <col><b>Great
sea</b></col>, <cd>the Mediterranean sea. In Chaucer both the Black
and the Mediterranean seas are so called.</cd> -- <col><b>Great
seal</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The principal seal of a
kingdom or state.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In Great Britain, the
lord chancellor  (who is custodian of this seal); also, his
office.</cd> -- <col><b>Great tithes</b></col>. <cd>See under
Tithes.</cd> -- <col><b>The great</b></col>, <cd>the eminent,
distinguished, or powerful.</cd> -- <col><b>The Great
Spirit</b></col>, <cd>among the North American Indians, their chief
or principal deity.</cd>  -- <col><b>To be great</b></col> (with
one), <cd>to be intimate or familiar (with him).</cd>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Great</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The whole; the
gross; as, a contract to build a ship by the <i>great</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Great"-bel`lied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
great belly; bigbellied; pregnant; teeming.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Great"coat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
overcoat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Great"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make great;
to aggrandize; to cause to increase in size; to expand.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A minister's [business] is to <i>greaten</i> and exalt
[his king].</blockquote> <i>Ken.</i></p>

<p><hw>Great"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become large;
to dilate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My blue eyes <i>greatening</i> in the looking-
glass.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning. </i></p>

<p><hw>Great"-grand"child`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
child of one's grandson or granddaughter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Great"-grand"daugh`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Great</u>, 10.] <def>A daughter of one's grandson or
granddaughter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Great"-grand"fa`ther</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Great</u>, 10.] <def>The father of one's grandfather or
grandmother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Great"-grand"moth`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
mother of one's grandfather or grandmother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Great"-grand"son`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Great</u>, 10.] <def>A son of one's grandson or
granddaughter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Great"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>High-spirited; fearless.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Generous; magnanimous; noble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Great"-heart`ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being greathearted; high-mindedness;
magnanimity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Great"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a great degree; much.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>greatly</i> multiply thy
sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iii. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nobly; illustriously;
magnanimously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By a high fate thou <i>greatly</i> didst
expire.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Great"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>gre&aacute;tnes</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state,
condition, or quality of being great; as, <i>greatness</i> of size,
<i>greatness</i> of mind, power, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pride; haughtiness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is not of pride or <i>greatness</i> that he cometh
not aboard your ships.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Greave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A grove.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Greave</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>grees</i>; cf. Sp.
<i>grevas</i>.] <def>Armor for the leg below the knee; -- usually in
the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Greaved</u> (gr&emacr;vd); <pos><i>p. pr.  &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Greaving</u>.] [From <u>Greaves</u>.] (<i>Naut.</i>)
<def>To clean (a ship's bottom); to grave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greaves</hw> (gr&emacr;vz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf.
dial. Sw. <i>grevar</i> greaves, LG. <i>greven</i>, G. <i>griebe</i>,
also AS. <i>greofa</i> pot.  Cf. <u>Gravy.</u>] <def>The sediment of
melted tallow. It is made into cakes for dogs' food. In Scotland it
is called <i>cracklings</i>.</def> [Written also <i>graves</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Grebe</hw> (gr&emacr;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gr&egrave;be</i>, fr. Armor. <i>krib</i> comb; akin to
<i>kriben</i> crest, W. <i>crib</i> comb, crest.  So called in
allusion to the crest of one species.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of several swimming birds or divers, of the genus <i>Colymbus</i>
(formerly <i>Podiceps</i>), and allied genera, found in the northern
parts of America, Europe, and Asia. They have strong, sharp bills,
and lobate toes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gre"cian"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Greek.</u>]
<def>Of or pertaining to Greece; Greek.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grecian bend</b></col>, <cd>among women, an affected
carriage of the body, the upper part being inclined forward.</cd>
[Collog.] -- <col><b>Grecian fire</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Greek
fire</i>, under <u>Greek</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gre"cian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native or naturalized inhabitant of Greece; a Greek.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A jew who spoke Greek; a Hellenist.</def>
<i>Acts vi. 1.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The Greek word rendered <i>Grecian</i> in the Authorized
Version of the New Testament is translated <i>Grecian Jew</i> in the
Revised Version.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>One well versed in the Greek language,
literature, or history.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gre"cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gr&eacute;cisme</i>.] <def>An idiom of the Greek language; a
Hellenism.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>! p. 649  most of page has no marks in etymology or in "as"
sections (italics not marked) !></p>

<p><hw>Gre"cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grecized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grecizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>gr&eacute;ciser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render Grecian; also, to cause (a word or
phrase in another language) to take a Greek form; as, the name is
<i>Grecized</i>.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To translate into Greek.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gre"cize</hw>, <hw>Gre"cian*ize</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To conform to the Greek custom, especially in
speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gre"co-Ro"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
characteristics that are partly Greek and partly Roman; as, <i>Greco-
Roman</i> architecture.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Grecque</hw> (gr&ebreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>An ornament supposed to be of Greek origin, esp. a fret or
meander.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gree</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gr&eacute;</i>. See
Grateful, and cf. <u>Agree.</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Good will;
favor; pleasure; satisfaction; -- used esp. in such phrases as: to
take in <i>gree</i>; to accept in <i>gree</i>; that is, to take
favorably.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Accept in <i>gree</i>, my lord, the words I
spoke.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rank; degree; position.</def> [Obs. or
Scot.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is a shepherd great in <i>gree</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The prize; the honor of the day; as, to
bear the <i>gree</i>, <i>i. e.</i>, to carry off the prize.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gree</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From <u>Agree.</u>]
<def>To agree.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gree</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Grees</b></plw> (gr&emacr;z); obs. plurals
<plw><b>Greece</b></plw> (gr&emacr;s) <plw><b>Grice</b></plw>
(gr&imacr;s <i>or</i> gr&emacr;s), <plw><b>Grise</b></plw>,
<plw><b>Grize</b></plw> (gr&imacr;z <i>or</i> gr&emacr;z), etc. [OF.
<i>gr&eacute;</i>, F. <i>grade.</i> See <u>Grade.</u>] <def>A
step.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greece</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Gree</u>
a step.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Greed</hw> (gr&emacr;d"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to Goth.
<i>gr&emacr;dus</i> hunger, Icel. <i>gr&amacr;&eth;r</i>. &radic;34.
See <u>Greedy.</u>] <def>An eager desire or longing; greediness; as,
a <i>greed</i> of gain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greed"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a greedy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greed"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS
<i>gr&aemacr;dignes</i>.] <def>The quality of being greedy; vehement
and selfish desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fox in stealth, wolf in
<i>greediness.</i></blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ravenousness; voracity; eagerness; avidity.</p>

<p><hw>Greed"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Greedier</u> (-&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Greediest</u>.] [OE. <i>gredi</i>, AS.
<i>gr&aemacr;dig</i>, <i>gr&emacr;dig</i>; akin to D. <i>gretig</i>,
OS. <i>gr&amacr;dag</i>, OHG. <i>gr&amacr;tag</i>, Dan.
<i>graadig</i>, OSw. <i>gradig</i>, <i>gr&aring;dig</i>, Icel.
<i>gr&amacr;&eth;ugr</i>, Goth. <i>gr&emacr;dags</i> greedy,
<i>gr&emacr;d&emacr;n</i> to be hungry; cf. Skr. <i>g&rsdot;dh</i> to
be greedy.  Cf. <u>Greed.</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a keen
appetite for food or drink; ravenous; voracious; very hungry; --
followed by of; as, a lion that is <i>greedy</i> of his
prey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a keen desire for anything;
vehemently desirous; eager to obtain; avaricious; as, <u>greedy</u>
of gain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greed"y-gut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
glutton.</def> [Low]  <i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gree"gree`</hw>, <hw>Gri"gri`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An African talisman or charm.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A greegree man</b></col>, <cd>an African magician or
fetich priest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Greek</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>grec</i>, L.
<i>Graecus</i>, Gr. ?: cf. F. <i>grec</i>.  Cf. <u>Grecian</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Greece or the Greeks; Grecian.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Greek calends</b></col>. <cd>See under Calends.</cd> --
<col><b>Greek Church</b></col> (<i>Eccl. Hist.</i>), <cd>the Eastern
Church; that part of Christendom which separated from the Roman or
Western Church in the ninth century. It comprises the great bulk of
the Christian population of Russia (of which this is the established
church), Greece, Moldavia, and Wallachia. The Greek Church is
governed by patriarchs and is called also the <i>Byzantine
Church</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Greek cross</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Illust</i>. (10) Of <u>Cross</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Greek
Empire</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Byzantine Empire</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Greek fire</b></col>, <cd>a combustible composition which
burns under water, the constituents of which are supposed to be
asphalt, with niter and sulphur.</cd> <i>Ure.</i> -- <col><b>Greek
rose</b></col>, <cd>the flower campion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Greek</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native, or one of the people, of Greece; a Grecian; also, the
language of Greece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A swindler; a knave; a cheat.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>Without a confederate the . . . game of baccarat does
not . . . offer many chances for the <i>Greek.</i></blockquote>
<i>Sat. Rev.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something unintelligible; as, it was all
<i>Greek</i> to me.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Greek"ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
Greek.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Greek"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>Gr&emacr;cisc</i>.] <def>Peculiar to Greece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greek"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little Greek,
or one of small esteem or pretensions.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Green</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Greener</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Greenest.</u>] [OE. <i>grene</i>, AS.
<i>gr?ne</i>; akin to D. <i>groen</i>, OS. <i>gr?ni</i>, OHG.
<i>gruoni</i>, G. <i>gr?n</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>gr?n</i>, Icel.
<i>gr?nn</i>; fr. the root of E. <i>grow.</i>  See <u>Grow.</u>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the color of grass when fresh and
growing; resembling that color of the solar spectrum which is between
the yellow and the blue; verdant; emerald.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a sickly color; wan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To look so green and pale.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Full of life and vigor; fresh and
vigorous; new; recent; as, a <i>green</i> manhood; a <i>green</i>
wound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As valid against such an old and beneficent government
as against . . . the <i>greenest</i> usurpation.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not ripe; immature; not fully grown or
ripened; as, <i>green</i> fruit, corn, vegetables, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not roasted; half raw.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We say the meat is <i>green</i> when half
roasted.</blockquote> <i>L. Watts. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Immature in age or experience; young; raw;
not trained; awkward; as, <i>green</i> in years or
judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I might be angry with the officious zeal which
supposes that its <i>green</i> conceptions can instruct my gray
hairs.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Not seasoned; not dry; containing its
natural juices; as, green wood, timber, etc.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Green brier</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a thorny climbing
shrub (<i>Emilaz rotundifolia</i>) having a yellowish green stem and
thick leaves, with small clusters of flowers, common in the United
States; -- called also <i>cat brier</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Green
con</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the pollock.</cd> --
<col><b>Green crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an edible,
shore crab (<i>Carcinus menas</i>) of Europe and America; -- in New
England locally named <i>joe-rocker</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Green
crop</b></col>, <cd>a crop used for food while in a growing or unripe
state, as distingushed from a grain crop, root crop, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Green diallage</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Diallage, a variety of pyroxene.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Smaragdite.</cd> -- <col><b>Green dragon</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a North American herbaceous plant (<i>Aris&aelig;ma
Dracontium</i>), resembling the Indian turnip; -- called also
<i>dragon root</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Green earth</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of glauconite, found in cavities in
amygdaloid and other eruptive rock, and used as a pigment by artists;
-- called also <i>mountain green</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Green
ebony</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A south American tree
(<i>Jacaranda ovalifolia</i>), having a greenish wood, used for
rulers, turned and inlaid work, and in dyeing.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The West Indian green ebony.</cd> See
<u>Ebony</u>. -- <col><b>Green fire</b></col> (<i>Pyrotech.</i>),
<cd>a composition which burns with a green flame. It consists of
sulphur and potassium chlorate, with some salt of barium (usually the
nitrate), to which the color of the flame is due.</cd> --
<col><b>Green fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any green
species of plant lice or aphids, esp. those that infest greenhouse
plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Green gage</b></col>, <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Greengage</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Green
gland</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of a pair of large green
glands in Crustacea, supposed to serve as kidneys. They have their
outlets at the bases of the larger antenn&aelig;.</cd> --
<col><b>Green hand</b></col>, <cd>a novice.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>Green heart</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the wood of a
lauraceous tree found in the West Indies and in South America, used
for shipbuilding or turnery. The green heart of Jamaica and Guiana is
the <i>Nectandra Rodi&oelig;i</i>, that of Martinique is the
<i>Colubrina ferruginosa</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Green iron
ore</b></col>  (<i>Min.</i>) <cd>dufrenite.</cd> -- <col><b>Green
laver</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an edible seaweed  (<i>Ulva
latissima</i>); -- called also <i>green sloke</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Green lead ore</b></col> (<i>Min.</i>),
<cd>pyromorphite.</cd> -- <col><b>Green linnet</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the greenfinch.</cd> -- <col><b>Green
looper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cankerworm.</cd> --
<col><b>Green marble</b></col> (<i>Min.</i>), <cd>serpentine.</cd> --
<col><b>Green mineral</b></col>, <cd>a carbonate of copper, used as a
pigment. See <u>Greengill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Green monkey</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>a West African long-tailed monkey
(<i>Cercopithecus callitrichus</i>), very commonly tamed, and trained
to perform tricks. It was introduced into the West Indies early in
the last century, and has become very abundant there.</cd> --
<col><b>Green salt of Magnus</b></col> (<i>Old Chem.</i>), <cd>a dark
green crystalline salt, consisting of ammonia united with certain
chlorides of platinum.</cd> -- <col><b>Green sand</b></col>
(<i>Founding</i>)  <cd>molding sand used for a mold while slightly
damp, and not dried before the cast is made.</cd> -- <col><b>Green
sea</b></col> (<i>Naut.</i>), <cd>a wave that breaks in a solid mass
on a vessel's deck.</cd> --  <col><b>Green sickness</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>chlorosis.</cd> -- <col><b>Green snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of two harmless American snakes
(<i>Cyclophis vernalis</i>, and <i>C. &aelig;stivus</i>). They are
bright green in color.</cd> -- <col><b>Green turtle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an edible marine turtle. See
<u>Turtle</u>.</cd> --  <col><b>Green vitriol</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>Sulphate of iron; a light
green crystalline substance, very extensively used in the preparation
of inks, dyes, mordants, etc.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> (<i>Min.</i>)
<cd>Same as <i>copperas</i>, <i>melanterite</i> and <i>sulphate of
iron</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Green ware</b></col>, <cd>articles of
pottery molded and shaped, but not yet baked.</cd>  -- <col><b>Green
woodpecker</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common European
woodpecker (<i>Picus viridis</i>); -- called also
<i>yaffle</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Green</hw> (gren), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The color of growing plants; the color of the solar spectrum
intermediate between the yellow and the blue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grassy plain or plat; a piece of ground
covered with verdant herbage; as, the village <i>green</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'er the smooth enameled <i>green</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fresh leaves or branches of trees or other
plants; wreaths; -- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In that soft season when descending showers<BR>
Call forth the <i>greens</i>, and wake the rising
flowers.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>pl. Leaves and stems of young plants, as
spinach, beets, etc., which in their green state are boiled for
food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any substance or pigment of a green
color.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Alkali green</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an alkali salt
of a sulphonic acid derivative of a complex aniline dye, resembling
emerald green; -- called also <i>Helvetia green</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Berlin green</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Berlin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Brilliant green</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a complex aniline dye, resembling emerald green
in composition.</cd> -- <col><b>Brunswick green</b></col>, <cd>an
oxychloride of copper.</cd> -- <col><b>Chrome green</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Chrome</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Emerald green</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A complex basic derivative of
aniline produced as a metallic, green crystalline substance, and used
for dyeing silk, wool, and mordanted vegetable fiber a brilliant
green; -- called also <i>aldehyde green</i>, <i>acid green</i>,
<i>malachite green</i>, <i>Victoria green</i>, <i>solid green</i>,
etc. It is usually found as a double chloride, with zinc chloride, or
as an oxalate.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>Paris green</i>
(below).</cd> -- <col><b>Gaignet's green</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<cd>a green pigment employed by the French artist, Adrian Gusgnet,
and consisting essentially of a basic hydrate of chromium.</cd> --
<col><b>Methyl green</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an artificial
rosaniline dyestuff, obtained as a green substance having a brilliant
yellow luster; -- called also <i>light-green</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mineral green</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Mineral</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Mountain green</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Green earth</i>, under
<u>Green</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Paris
green</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a poisonous green powder,
consisting of a mixture of several double salts of the acetate and
arsenite of copper. It has found very extensive use as a pigment for
wall paper, artificial flowers, etc., but particularly as an
exterminator of insects, as the potato bug; -- called also
<i>Schweinfurth green</i>, <i>imperial green</i>, <i>Vienna
green</i>, <i>emerald qreen</i>, and <i>mitis green</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Scheele's green</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a green
pigment, consisting essentially of a hydrous arsenite of copper; --
called also <i>Swedish green</i>. It may enter into various pigments
called <i>parrot green</i>, <i>pickel green</i>, <i>Brunswick
green</i>, <i>nereid green</i>, or <i>emerald green</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Green</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Greened</u> (great): <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Greening</u>.] <def>To make green.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great spring before<BR>
<i>Greened</i> all the year.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Green</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become or grow
green.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>greening</i> slope and singing
flood.</blockquote> <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Green"back"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
legal tender notes of the United States; -- first issued in 1862, and
having the devices on the back printed with green ink, to prevent
alterations and counterfeits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"back"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of those
who supported greenback or paper money, and opposed the resumption of
specie payments.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Green"bone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named because
the bones are green when boiled.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any garfish (<i>Belone</i> or
<i>Tylosurus</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The European
eelpout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"-broom`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant of the genus <i>Genista</i> (<i>G. tinctoria</i>);
dyer's weed; -- called also <i>greenweed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"cloth`</hw> (-kl&obreve;th`; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A board or court of justice formerly held in the counting house
of the British sovereign's household, composed of the lord steward
and his officers, and having cognizance of matters of justice in the
household, with power to correct offenders and keep the peace within
the verge of the palace, which extends two hundred yards beyond the
gates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Green plants;
verdure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A pretty little one-storied abode, so rural, so
smothered in <i>greenery</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Ingelow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Green"-eyed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having green eyes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Seeing everything through a medium which
discolors or distorts.</def> "<i>Green-eyed</i> jealousy."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Green"finch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A European finch
(<i>Ligurinus chloris</i>);  -- called also <i>green bird</i>,
<i>green linnet</i>, <i>green grosbeak</i>, <i>green olf</i>,
<i>greeny</i>, and <i>peasweep</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Texas sparrow  (<i>Embernagra
rufivirgata</i>), in which the general color is olive green, with
four rufous stripes on the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Bluefish</u>, and <u>Pollock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"gage`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A kind of plum of medium size, roundish shape, greenish flesh,
and delicious flavor. It is called in France <i>Reine Claude</i>,
after the queen of Francis I. See <u>Gage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"gill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An oyster which has the gills tinged with a green pigment, said
to be due to an abnormal condition of the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"gro`cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A retailer
of vegetables or fruits in their fresh or green state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The mallard.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The striped bass. See <u>Bass</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Green"head</hw> (?), <hw>Green"hood</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of greenness; verdancy.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Green"horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A raw,
inexperienced person; one easily imposed upon.</def>  <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Green"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house in
which tender plants are cultivated and sheltered from the
weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A greenish apple, of
several varieties, among which the Rhode Island greening is the best
known for its fine-grained acid flesh and its excellent keeping
quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat green;
having a tinge of green; as, a <i>greenish</i> yellow.</def> --
<wf>Green"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Green"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of
Greenland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"-leek`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An Australian parrakeet (<i>Polytelis
Barrabandi</i>); -- called also the <i>scarlet-breasted
parrot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of numerous species of small American
singing birds, of the genus <i>Vireo</i>, as the solitary, or blue-
headed (<i>Vireo solitarius</i>); the brotherly-love  (<i>V.
Philadelphicus</i>); the warbling greenlet (<i>V. gilvus</i>); the
yellow-throated greenlet (<i>V. flavifrons</i>) and others. See
<u>Vireo</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l,)</i> <def>Any species of
<i>Cyclorhis</i>, a genus of tropical American birds allied to the
tits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a green color;
newly; freshly, immaturely.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a
green color.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Green"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>gr&emacr;nnes</i>. See <u>Green.</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality of being green; viridity; verdancy; as, the <i>greenness</i>
of grass, or of a meadow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freshness; vigor; newness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Immaturity; unripeness; as, the
<i>greenness</i> of fruit; inexperience; as, the <i>greenness</i> of
youth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"ock*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Lord
<i>Greenock</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native cadmium sulphide, a
mineral occurring in yellow hexagonal crystals, also as an earthy
incrustation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"room`</hw> (gr&emacr;n"room`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The retiring room of actors and actresses in a
theater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"sand`</hw> (-s&?;nd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A variety of sandstone, usually imperfectly
consolidated, consisting largely of glauconite, a silicate of iron
and potash of a green color, mixed with sand and a trace of phosphate
of lime.</def></p>

<p> &fist;<i>Greensand</i> is often called <i>marl</i>, because it is
a useful fertilizer. The greensand beds of the American Cretaceous
belong mostly to the Upper Cretaceous.</p>

<p><hw>Green"shank`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European sandpiper or snipe (<i>Totanus
canescens</i>); -- called also <i>greater plover</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"-stall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stall at
which greens and fresh vegetables are exposed for sale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"stone`</hw> (gr&emacr;n"st&omacr;n`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from a tinge of green in the color.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A name formerly applied rather loosely to certain
dark-colored igneous rocks, including diorite, diabase,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"sward`</hw> (-sw&add;rd') <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Turf
green with grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greenth</hw> (gr&emacr;nth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
Growth.] <def>The state or quality of being green; verdure.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>greenth</i> of summer.</blockquote> <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Green"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Greenbroom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A forest as it
appears in spring and summer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Green"wood`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
greenwood; as, a <i>greenwood</i> shade.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Greet</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Great.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Greet</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>greten</i>, AS.
<i>gr&aemacr;tan</i>, <i>gr&emacr;tan</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>gr&amacr;ta</i>, Sw. <i>gr&aring;ta</i>, Dan. <i>gr&aelig;de</i>,
Goth. <i>gr&emacr;ctan</i>; cf. Skr. <i>hr&amacr;d</i> to sound,
roar. &radic;50.] <def>To weep; to cry; to lament.</def> [Obs. or
Scot.] [Written also <i>greit</i>.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Greet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mourning.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Greet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Greeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Greeting</u>.] [OE. <i>greten</i>, AS. <i>gr&emacr;tan</i> to
address, approach; akin to OS. <i>gr&omacr;tian</i>, LG.
<i>gr&ouml;ten</i>, D. <i>groeten</i>, OHG. <i>gruozzen</i>, G.
<i>gr&uuml;ssen</i>. &radic;50.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To address
with salutations or expressions of kind wishes; to salute; to hail;
to welcome; to accost with friendship; to pay respects or compliments
to, either personally or through the intervention of another, or by
writing or token.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord, the mayor of London comes to <i>greet</i>
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come upon, or meet, as with something
that makes the heart glad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In vain the spring my senses
<i>greets</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To accost; to address.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>! p. 650 Needs proof-reading . . . the etymologies and other
italics are not marked !></p>

<p><hw>Greet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To meet and give
salutations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>greet</i> in silence, as the dead are wont,
And sleep in peace.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Greet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Greeting.</def> [Obs.]
<i>F. Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>Greet"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who greets or
salutes another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greet"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who weeps or
mourns.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Greet"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Expression of
kindness or joy; salutation at meeting; a compliment from one
absent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Write to him . . . gentle adieus and
<i>greetings.</i></blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Salutation; salute; compliment.</p>

<p><hw>Greeve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Grieve</u>,
an overseer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greeze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A step. See
<u>Gree</u>, a step.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The top of the ladder, or first <i>greeze</i>, is
this.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gref"fi*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from LL.
<i>grafarius</i>, <i>graphiarius</i>, fr. L. <i>graphium</i>, a
writing style; cf. F.  <i>greffe</i> a record office. See
<u>Graft</u>, and cf. <u>Graffer.</u>] <def>A registrar or recorder;
a notary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gre"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gregalis,</i>
fr. <i>grex</i>, <i>gregis</i>, herd.] <def>Pertaining to, or like, a
flock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For this <i>gregal</i> conformity there is an
excuse.</blockquote> <i>W. S. Mayo.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gre*ga"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gregarious;
belonging to the herd or common sort; common.</def> [Obs.]  "The
gregarian soldiers."  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Greg`a*ri"n&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. <i>Gregarina</i> the typical genus, fr. L. <i>gregarius</i>.  See
<u>Gregarious</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of Protozoa,
allied to the Rhizopoda, and parasitic in other animals, as in the
earthworm, lobster, etc.   When adult, they have a small, wormlike
body inclosing a nucleus, but without external organs; in one of the
young stages, they are am&oelig;biform; -- called also
<i>Gregarinida</i>, and <i>Gregarinaria</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greg"a*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Gregarin&aelig;.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Gregarin&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Greg`a*rin"i*da</hw> (?) <def>Gregarin&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gre*ga"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gregarius</i>, fr. <i>grex</i>, <i>gregis</i>, herd; cf. Gr. &?;
to assemble, Skr. <i>jar</i> to approach.  Cf. <u>Congregate</u>,
<u>Egregious</u>.] <def>Habitually living or moving in flocks or
herds; tending to flock or herd together; not habitually solitary or
living alone.</def> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No birds of prey are <i>gregarious</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Gre*ga"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Gre*ga"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Grege</hw> (?), <hw>Greg"ge</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gregier</i> to burden.] <def>To make heavy; to
increase.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Greg"goe</hw> (?), <hw>Gre"go</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr, It. <i>Greco</i> Greek, or Sp.
<i>Griego</i>, or Pg. <i>Grego</i>.] <def>A short jacket or cloak,
made of very thick, coarse cloth, with a hood attached, worn by the
Greeks and others in the Levant.</def> [Written also
<i>griego</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gre*go"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. Gregorianus,
fr. Gregorius Gregory, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>gr&eacute;gorien</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or originated by, some person named Gregory,
especially one of the popes of that name.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gregorian calendar</b></col>, <cd>the calendar as reformed
by Pope Gregory XIII. in 1582, including the method of adjusting the
leap years so as to harmonize the civil year with the solar, and also
the regulation of the time of Easter and the movable feasts by means
of epochs. See <i>Gregorian year</i> (below).</cd> --
<col><b>Gregorian chant</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>plain song, or
<i>canto fermo</i>, a kind of unisonous music, according to the eight
celebrated church modes, as arranged and prescribed by Pope Gregory
I. (called "the Great") in the 6th century.</cd>  --
<col><b>Gregorian modes</b></col>, <cd>the musical scales ordained by
Pope Gregory the Great, and named after the ancient Greek scales, as
Dorian, Lydian, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Gregorian telescope</b></col>
<i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>a form of reflecting telescope, named from Prof.
James <i>Gregory</i>, of Edinburgh, who perfected it in 1663. A small
concave mirror in the axis of this telescope, having its focus
coincident with that of the large reflector, transmits the light
received from the latter back through a hole in its center to the
eyepiece placed behind it.</cd> --  <col><b>Gregorian year</b></col>,
<cd>the year as now reckoned according to the <i>Gregorian</i>
calendar. Thus, every year, of the current reckoning, which is
divisible by 4, except those divisible by 100 and not by 400, has 366
days; all other years have 365 days. See <u>Bissextile</u>, and Note
under <u>Style</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Greil"lade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>Iron ore in coarse powder, prepared for reduction by the Catalan
process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grei"sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
crystalline rock consisting of quarts and mica, common in the tin
regions of Cornwall and Saxony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Greet</u>,
to weep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greith</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>grei&eth;a</i>: cf. AS. <i>ger&aemacr;dan</i> to arrange; pref.
<i>ge-</i> + <i>r&aemacr;de</i> ready.  Cf. <u>Ready.</u>] <def>To
make ready; -- often used reflexively.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Greith</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>grei&eth;i</i>.
See <u>Greith</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Goods; furniture.</def>
[Obs.] See <u>Graith</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Gre"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gremium</i>
lap, bosom.] <def>Of or pertaining to the lap or bosom.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gre"mi*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bosom friend.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ecol.)</i> <def>A cloth, often adorned with
gold or silver lace, placed on the bishop's lap while he sits in
celebrating mass, or in ordaining priests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gre*nade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>grenade</i> a
pomegranate, a grenade, or Sp. <i>granada</i>; orig., filled with
seeds. So called from the resemblance of its shape to a pomegranate.
See <u>Carnet</u>, <u>Grain</u> a kernel, and cf.
<u>Pomegranate</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hollow ball or shell of
iron filled with powder of other explosive, ignited by means of a
fuse, and thrown from the hand among enemies.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hand grenade</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small
grenade of iron or glass, usually about two and a half inches in
diameter, to be thrown from the hand into the head of a sap,
trenches, covered way, or upon besiegers mounting a breach.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A portable fire extinguisher consisting of a
glass bottle containing water and gas. It is thrown into the flames.
Called also <i>fire grenade</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rampart
grenades</b></col>, <cd>grenades of various sizes, which, when used,
are rolled over the pararapet in a trough.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gren`a*dier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. grenadier. See
<u>Grenade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Originaly, a
soldier who carried and threw grenades; afterward, one of a company
attached to each regiment or battalion, taking post on the right of
the line, and wearing a peculiar uniform. In modern times, a member
of a special regiment or corps; as, a <i>grenadier</i> of the guard
of Napoleon I. one of the regiment of <i>Grenadier</i> Guards of the
British army, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any marine fish of the
genus <i>Macrurus</i>, in which the body and tail taper to a point;
they mostly inhabit the deep sea; -- called also <i>onion fish</i>,
and <i>rat-tail fish</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bright-colored South
African grosbeak (<i>Pyromelana orix</i>), having the back red and
the lower parts black.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gren`a*dil"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. granadillo.]
<def>A handsome tropical American wood, much used for making flutes
and other wind instruments; -- called also <i>Grenada cocos</i>, or
<i>cocus</i>, and <i>red ebony</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gren`a*dine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin gauzelike fabric of silk or wool, for
women's wear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trade name for a dyestuff, consisting
essentially of impure fuchsine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gre*na"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Grenade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Green.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gres</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Grass.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gres*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <hw>Gres*so"ri*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gressus</i>, p. p. of <i>gradi</i> to
step, go.] <i>(Zool.)</i> <def>Adapted for walking; anisodactylous;
as the feet of certain birds and insects. See <i>Illust</i>. under
<u>Aves</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gret</hw> (?), <hw>Grete</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Great.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gret"to</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Greet</u>, to salute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A grove.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grew</hw> (gr&udd;), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Grow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grew"some</hw> (?), <hw>Grue"some</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[From a word akin to Dan. <i>gru</i> horror, terror + <i>-some</i>;
cf. D. <i>gruwzaam</i>, G. <i>grausam</i>.  Cf. <u>Grisly</u>.]
<def>Ugly; frightful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Grewsome</i> sights of war.</blockquote> <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Gray</u> (the
correct orthography).</def></p>

<p><hw>Grey"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>graihund</i>, <i>greihound</i>, <i>greahund</i>, <i>grihond</i>,
Icel. <i>greyhundr</i>; <i>grey</i> greyhound + <i>hundr</i> dog; cf.
AS. <i>gr&imacr;ghund</i>. The origin of the first syllable is
unknown.] <def>A slender, graceful breed of dogs, remarkable for keen
sight and swiftness. It is one of the oldest varieties known, and is
figured on the Egyptian monuments.</def> [Written also
<i>grayhound</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Grey"lag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See Graylag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grib"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E. grib to
bite.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small marine isopod crustacean
(<i>Limnoria lignorum</i> or <i>L. terebrans</i>), which burrows into
and rapidly destroys submerged timber, such as the piles of wharves,
both in Europe and America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gris</i>,
<i>grise</i>; of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <i>gr?ss</i>, Sw.
<i>gris</i>, Dan. <i>grus</i>, also Gr. &?;, Skr.  <i>ghrshvi</i>,
boar.  Cf. <u>Grise</u>, <u>Griskin</u>.] <def>A little pig.</def>
[Written also <i>grise</i>.] [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Grice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Gree</u>, a
step.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A grating of thin
parallel bars, similar to a gridiron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grid"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gredil</i>,
<i>gredl</i>, <i>gridel</i>, of Celtic origin; cf.  W.
<i>greidell</i>, Ir. <i>greideal</i>, <i>greideil</i>, griddle,
gridiron, <i>greadaim</i> I burn, scorch.  Cf. <u>Gridiron</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An iron plate or pan used for cooking
cakes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sieve with a wire bottom, used by
miners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grid"dle*cake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cake
baked or fried on a griddle, esp. a thin batter cake, as of buckwheat
or common flour.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gride</hw> (gr&imacr;d), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Grided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp;  vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Griding</u>.] [For gird, properly, to strike with a rod. See
<u>Yard</u> a measure, and cf. <u>Grid</u> to strike, sneer.] <def>To
cut with a grating sound; to cut; to penetrate or pierce harshly; as,
the <i>griding</i> sword.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That through his thigh the mortal steel did
<i>gride</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gride</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A harsh scraping or
cutting; a grating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>gride</i> of hatchets fiercely thrown.<BR>
On wigwam log, and tree, and stone.</blockquote> <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grid"e*lin</hw> (gr&ibreve;d"&esl;*l&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gris de lin</i> gray of flax, flax gray.]
<def>A color mixed of white, and red, or a gray violet.</def>
[Written also <i>gredaline</i>, <i>grizelin</i>.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grid"i`ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gredire</i>,
<i>gredirne</i>, from the same source as E. <i>griddle</i>, but the
ending was confused with E. <i>iron</i>. See <u>Griddle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A grated iron utensil for broiling flesh and
fish over coals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An openwork frame on which
vessels are placed for examination, cleaning, and repairs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gridiron pendulum</b></col>. <cd>See under Pendulum.</cd>
-- <col><b>Gridiron valve</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a
slide valve with several parallel perforations corresponding to
openings in the seat on which the valve moves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grief</hw> (gr&emacr;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>grief</i>, <i>gref</i>, OF. <i>grief</i>, <i>gref</i>, F.
<i>grief</i>, L. <i>gravis</i> heavy; akin to Gr. <grk>bary`s</grk>,
Skr. <i>guru</i>, Goth. <i>ka&uacute;rus</i>.  Cf. <u>Barometer</u>,
<u>Grave</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Grieve</u>, <u>Gooroo.</u>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pain of mind on account of something in the
past; mental suffering arising from any cause, as misfortune, loss of
friends, misconduct of one's self or others, etc.; sorrow;
sadness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mother was so afflicted at the loss of a fine boy,
. . . that she died for <i>grief</i> of it.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cause of sorrow or pain; that which
afficts or distresses; trial; grievance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be factious for redress of all these
<i>griefs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Physical pain, or a cause of it;
malady.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>grief</i> (cancerous ulcers) hastened the end
of that famous mathematician, Mr. Harriot.</blockquote>
<i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To come to grief</b></col>, <cd>to meet with calamity,
accident, defeat, ruin, etc., causing grief; to turn out badly.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Affiction; sorrow; distress; sadness; trial;
grievance.  <u>Grief</u>, <u>Sorrow</u>, <u>Sadness</u>.
<i>Sorrow</i> is the generic term; grief is sorrow for some definite
cause -- one which commenced, at least, in the past; sadness is
applied to a permanent mood of the mind. <i>Sorrow</i> is transient
in many cases; but the <i>grief</i> of a mother for the loss of a
favorite child too often turns into habitual <i>sadness</i>.
"<i>Grief</i> is sometimes considered as synonymous with
<i>sorrow</i>; and in this case we speak of the transports of
<i>grief</i>. At other times it expresses more silent, deep, and
painful affections, such as are inspired by domestic calamities,
particularly by the loss of friends and relatives, or by the
distress, either of body or mind, experienced by those whom we love
and value." <i>Cogan.</i>  See <u>Affliction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Grief"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of grief or
sorrow.</def>  <i>Sackville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grief"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
grief.</def>  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grie"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Greggoe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Griev"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lamentable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Griev"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>grevance</i>. See <u>Grieve</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cause of uneasiness and complaint; a wrong
done and suffered; that which gives ground for remonstrance or
resistance, as arising from injustice, tyranny, etc.;
injury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Grieving; grief; affliction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . <i>grievance</i> of a mind unreasonably
yoked.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Burden; oppression; hardship; trouble.</p>

<p><hw>Griev"an*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
occasions a grievance; one who gives ground for complaint.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Petition . . . against the bishops as grand
<i>grievancers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grieve</hw> (gr&emacr;v), <hw>Greeve</hw>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ger&emacr;fa</i>.  Cf. <u>Reeve</u> an
officer.] <def>A manager of a farm, or overseer of any work; a reeve;
a manorial bailiff.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their children were horsewhipped by the
<i>grieve</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grieve</hw> (gr&emacr;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Grieved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Grieving</u>.] [OE. <i>greven</i>, OF.
<i>grever</i>, fr. L. <i>gravare</i> to burden, oppress, fr.
<i>gravis</i> heavy.  See <u>Grief.</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
occasion grief to; to wound the sensibilities of; to make sorrowful;
to cause to suffer; to afflict; to hurt; to try.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Grieve</i> not the Holy Spirit of God.</blockquote>
<i>Eph. iv. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The maidens <i>grieved</i> themselves at my
concern.</blockquote> <i>Cowper,</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sorrow over; as, to <i>grieve</i> one's
fate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Grieve</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To feel grief; to be
in pain of mind on account of an evil; to sorrow; to mourn; -- often
followed by <i>at</i>, <i>for</i>, or <i>over</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not you <i>grieve</i> at this.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Griev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, grieves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Griev"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sad; sorrowful;
causing grief.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of causing
grief; the state of being grieved.</def> -- <wf>Griev"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Griev"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>grevous</i>,
<i>grevos</i>, LL. <i>gravosus</i>. See <u>Grief</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Causing grief or sorrow; painful; afflictive;
hard to bear; offensive; harmful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The famine was <i>grievous</i> in the
land.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xii. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The thing was very <i>grievous</i> in Abraham's
sight.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxi. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by great atrocity; heinous;
aggravated; flagitious; as, a <i>grievous</i> sin.</def>  <i>Gen.
xviii. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Full of, or expressing, grief; showing
great sorrow or affliction; as, a <i>grievous</i> cry.</def>  --
<wf>Griev"ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Griev"ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Griff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gripe</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Grasp; reach.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A vein of gold ore within one spade's
<i>griff</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. griffe, G. griff, prop., a grasping.]
<i>(Weaving)</i> <def>An arrangement of parallel bars for lifting the
hooked wires which raise the warp threads in a loom for weaving
figured goods.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Griffe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The offspring
of a mulatto woman and a negro; also, a mulatto.</def> [Local, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Grif"fin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Anglo-Indian
name for a person just arrived from Europe.</def>  <i>H.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Grif"fin</hw> (?), <hw>Grif"fon</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>griffin</i>, <i>griffon</i>,
<i>griffoun</i>, F. <i>griffon</i>, fr. L. <i>gryphus</i>, equiv to
<i>gryps</i>, Gr. &?;; -- so called because of the hooked beak, and
akin to <grk>grypo`s</grk> curved, hook-nosed.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A fabulous monster, half
lion and half eagle. It is often represented in Grecian and Roman
works of art.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A representation of this
creature as an heraldic charge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of large
vulture (<i>Gyps fulvus</i>) found in the mountainous parts of
Southern Europe, North Africa, and Asia Minor; -- called also
<i>gripe</i>, and <i>grype</i>. It is supposed to be the
"<i>eagle</i>" of the Bible. The bearded griffin is the
lammergeir.</def> [Written also <i>gryphon</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An English early apple.</def></p>

<p><! p. 651 !></p>

<p><hw>Grig</hw> (gr&ibreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw.
<i>kr&auml;k</i> little creature, reptile; or D. <i>kriek</i>
cricket, E. <i>cricket</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cricket or grasshopper.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any small eel.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The broad-nosed eel. See <u>Glut</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heath.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Audrey.</i></p>

<p><col><b>As merry as a grig</b></col><cd> [etymology uncertain], a
saying supposed by some to be a corruption of "As merry as a Greek; "
by others, to be an allusion to the cricket.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gril</hw> (gr&ibreve;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gril</i>
harsh; akin to G. <i>grell</i> offending the ear or eye, shrill,
dazzling, MHG. <i>grel</i> angry; cf. AS. <i>gallan</i> to provoke.]
<def>Harsh; hard; severe; stern; rough.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of
R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gril</i>. See
<u>Grill</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
gridiron.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] make <i>grills</i> of [wood] to broil their
meat.</blockquote> <i>Cotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is broiled on a gridiron, as
meat, fish, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp;  vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grilling</u>.] [F. <i>griller</i>, fr. <i>gril</i> gridiron, OF.
<i>gra&iuml;l</i>, L. <i>craticulum</i> for <i>craticula</i> fine
hurdlework, a small gridiron, dim. of crates hurdle. See
<u>Grate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To broil on a grill or gridiron.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><blockquote>Boiling of men in caldrons, <i>grilling</i> them on
gridirons.</blockquote>  <i>Marvell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To torment, as if by broiling.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gril*lade"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Grill</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The act of grilling;
also, that which is grilled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gril"lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Hydraulic
Eagin.)</i> <def>A framework of sleepers and crossbeams forming a
foundation in marshy or treacherous soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Grille</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Grill</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A lattice or grating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>grille</i> which formed part of the
gate.</blockquote> <i>L. Oliphant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gril"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Grill</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To broil; to grill; hence, To
harass.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grilse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young salmon after its first return from
the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grim</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Grimmer</u> (-mer); superl. <u>Grimmest</u> (&?;).] [AS.
<i>grim</i>; akin to G. <i>grimm</i>, equiv.  to G. &amp; D.
<i>grimmig</i>, Dan. <i>grim</i>, <i>grum</i>, Sw. <i>grym</i>, Icel.
<i>grimmr</i>, G. gram grief, as adj., hostile; cf. Gr. &?;, a
crushing sound, &?; to neigh.] <def>Of forbidding or fear-inspiring
aspect; fierce; stern; surly; cruel; frightful; horrible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose <i>grim</i> aspect sets every joint a-
shaking.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ridges of <i>grim</i> war.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b>-- Fierce; ferocious; furious; horrid; horrible;
frightful; ghastly; grisly; hideous; stern; sullen; sour.</p>

<p><hw>Gri*mace"</hw> (gr&ibreve;*m&amacr;s"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., prob. of Teutonic origin; cf. AS. <i>gr&imacr;ma</i> mask,
specter, Icel. <i>gr&imacr;ma</i> mask, hood, perh. akin to E.
<i>grin</i>.] <def>A distortion of the countenance, whether habitual,
from affectation, or momentary and occasional, to express some
feeling, as contempt, disapprobation, complacency, etc.; a smirk; a
made-up face.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><blockquote>Moving his face into such a hideous grimace, that
every feature of it appeared under a different
distortion.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p>&fist; "Half the French words used affectedly by Melantha in
Dryden's "<i>Marriage a-la-Mode</i>," as innovations in our language,
are now in common use: <i>chagrin</i>, <i>double-entendre</i>,
<i>&eacute;claircissement</i>, <i>embarras</i>,
<i>&eacute;quivoque</i>, <i>foible</i>, <i>grimace</i>,
<i>na&iuml;vete</i>, <i>ridicule</i>. All these words, which she
learns by heart to use occasionally, are now in common use."  <i>I.
Disraeli.</i><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Gri*mace"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make grimaces;
to distort one's face; to make faces.</def>  <i>H. Martineau.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gri*maced"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Distorted;
crabbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gri*mal"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>graymalkin</i>; <i>gray</i> + <i>malkin</i>.] <def>An old cat,
esp. a she-cat.</def>  <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>grim</i>,
<i>griim</i>, lampblack, soot, grime, Icel. <i>gr&imacr;ma</i> mask,
sort of hood, OD. <i>grijmsel</i>, <i>grimsel</i>, soot, smut, and E.
<i>grimace</i>.] <def>Foul matter; dirt, rubbed in; sullying
blackness, deeply ingrained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grime</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sully or soil
deeply; to dirt.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grim"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a grimy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grim"i*ness</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
grimy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grim"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Grim; hideous;
stern.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In glided Margaret's <i>grimly</i> ghost,<BR>
And stood at William's feet.</blockquote> <i>D. Mallet.  </i></p>

<p><hw>Grim"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a grim manner;
fiercely.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grimme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>grimme</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A West African antelope (<i>Cephalophus
rufilotus</i>) of a deep bay color, with a broad dorsal stripe of
black; -- called also <i>conquetoon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grim"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>grimnes</i>.]
<def>Fierceness of look; sternness; crabbedness;
forbiddingness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grim"sir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stern
man.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grim"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Grimier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Grimiest</u>.] <def>Full of grime;
begrimed; dirty; foul.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grin</hw> (gr&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>grin</i>.] <def>A snare; a gin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like a bird that hasteth to his
<i>grin</i>.</blockquote> <i>Remedy of Love.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grinned</u> (gr&ibreve;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp;  vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Grinning</u>.] [OE. <i>grinnen</i>, <i>grennen</i>,
AS. <i>grennian</i>, Sw. <i>grina</i>; akin to D. <i>grijnen</i>, G.
<i>greinen</i>, OHG. <i>grinan</i>, Dan. <i>grine</i>. &radic;35.
Cf. <u>Groan</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To show the teeth, as a
dog; to snarl.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set the teeth together and open the
lips, or to open the mouth and withdraw the lips from the teeth, so
as to show them, as in laughter, scorn, or pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pangs of death do make him
<i>grin</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To express by
grinning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Grinned</i> horrible a ghastly smile.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of closing the
teeth and showing them, or of withdrawing the lips and showing the
teeth; a hard, forced, or sneering smile.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He showed twenty teeth at a <i>grin</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grind</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ground</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grinding</u>.] [AS. <i>grindan</i>; perh. akin to L.
<i>frendere</i> to gnash, grind.  Cf. <u>Grist</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to powder by friction, as in a
mill, or with the teeth; to crush into small fragments; to produce as
by the action of millstones.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take the millstones, and <i>grind</i>
meal.</blockquote> <i>Is. xivii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wear down, polish, or sharpen, by
friction; to make smooth, sharp, or pointed; to whet, as a knife or
drill; to rub against one another, as teeth, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To oppress by severe exactions; to
harass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>grind</i> the subject or defraud the
prince.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To study hard for examination.</def>
[College Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Grind</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To perform the operation of grinding something; to turn the
millstones.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Send thee<BR>
Into the common prison, there to <i>grind</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become ground or pulverized by
friction; as, this corn <i>grinds</i> well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To become polished or sharpened by
friction; as, glass <i>grinds</i> smooth; steel <i>grinds</i> to a
sharp edge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move with much difficulty or friction;
to grate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To perform hard and distasteful service;
to drudge; to study hard, as for an examination.</def>
<i>Farrar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grind</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of reducing to powder, or of sharpening, by friction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any severe continuous work or occupation;
esp., hard and uninteresting study.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>T.
Hughes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hard student; a dig.</def> [College
Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Grind"ed</hw>, obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Grind</u>.
<def>Ground.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Grin*de"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named after
D. H. <i>Grindel</i>, a Russian.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The dried stems
and leaves of tarweed (<i>Grindelia</i>), used as a remedy in asthma
and bronchitis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grind"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, grinds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the double teeth, used to grind or
masticate the food; a molar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The restless
flycatcher (<i>Seisura inquieta</i>)  of Australia; -- called also
<i>restless thrush</i> and <i>volatile thrush</i>. It makes a noise
like a scissors grinder, to which the name alludes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grinder's asthma, phthisis, or rot</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a lung disease produced by the mechanical
irritation of the particles of steel and stone given off in the
operation of grinding.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grind"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Leather
workers' materials.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Grindery warehouse</b></col>, <cd>a shop where leather
workers' materials and tools are kept on sale.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Grind"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>from
Grind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grinding frame</b></col>, <cd>an English name for a cotton
spinning machine.</cd> -- <col><b>Grinding mill</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A mill for grinding grain.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A lapidary's lathe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Grind"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a grinding
manner.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Grin"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The bowfin; -- called also <i>Johnny Grindle</i>.</def> [Local,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Grin"dle stone"</hw> (?). <def>A grindstone.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Grind"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
drain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grind"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flat,
circular stone, revolving on an axle, for grinding or sharpening
tools, or shaping or smoothing objects.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>hold, pat, or bring</b></col>
<col><b>one's nose to the grindstone</b></col>, <cd>to oppress one;
to keep one in a condition of servitude.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>They might be ashamed, for lack of courage, to suffer
the Laced&aelig;monians to <i>hold their noses to the
grindstone</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grin"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
grins.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grin"ning*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a grinning
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grint</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Grind</u>, contr. from <i>grindeth</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grin"te</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Grin</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] <i>grinte</i> with his teeth, so was he
wroth.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grint"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Grinding.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gryps</i>,
<i>gryphus</i>. See <u>Griffin</u>, <u>Grype</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The griffin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Grip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>grip</i> furrow,
hitch, D. <i>greb</i>.] <def>A small ditch or furrow.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To trench; to
drain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gripe</i>.  Cf.
<u>Grip</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Gripe</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An energetic or tenacious
grasp; a holding fast; strength in grasping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A peculiar mode of clasping the hand, by
which members of a secret association recognize or greet, one
another; as, a masonic <i>grip</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That by which anything is grasped; a
handle or gripe; as, the grip of a sword.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A device for grasping or holding fast to
something.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Grip</u> a grasp;
or P. <i>gripper</i> to seize; -- of German origin. See <u>Gripe</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To give a grip to; to grasp; to
gripe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gripe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Grype</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A vulture; the griffin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like a white hind under the <i>gripe's</i> sharp
claws.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gripe's egg</b></col>, <cd>an alchemist's vessel.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>E. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gripe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Griped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Griping</u>.] [AS. <i>gripan</i>; akin to D. <i>grijpen</i>, G.
<i>greifen</i>, OHG. <i>gr&?;fan</i>, Icel. <i>gripa</i>, Sw.
<i>gripe</i>, Dan. <i>gribe</i>, Goth. <i>greipan</i>; cf. Lith.
<i>graibyti</i>, Russ. <i>grabite</i> to plunder, Skr. <i>grah</i>,
<i>grabh</i>, to seize.  Cf. <u>Grip</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<u>Grope</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To catch with the hand; to clasp closely
with the fingers; to clutch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seize and hold fast; to embrace
closely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wouldst thou <i>gripe</i> both gain and pleasure
?</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pinch; to distress. Specifically, to
cause pinching and spasmodic pain to the bowels of, as by the effects
of certain purgative or indigestible substances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How inly sorrow <i>gripes</i> his soul.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gripe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
clutch, hold, or pinch a thing, esp. money, with a gripe or as with a
gripe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suffer griping pains.</def>
<i>Jocke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To tend to come up into the
wind, as a ship which, when sailing closehauled, requires constant
labor at the helm.</def>  <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gripe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Grasp; seizure; fast hold; clutch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A barren scepter in my <i>gripe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That on which the grasp is put; a handle;
a grip; as, the <i>gripe</i> of a sword.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A device for grasping or
holding anything; a brake to stop a wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Oppression; cruel exaction; affiction;
pinching distress; as, the gripe of poverty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Pinching and spasmodic pain in the
intestines; -- chiefly used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
piece of timber which terminates the keel at the fore end; the
forefoot.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The compass or sharpness of
a ship's stern under the water, having a tendency to make her keep a
good wind.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>An assemblage of
ropes, dead-eyes, and hocks, fastened to ringbolts in the deck, to
secure the boats when hoisted; also, broad bands passed around a boat
to secure it at the davits and prevent swinging.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gripe penny</b></col>, <col><b>a</b></col><cd> miser; a
niggard.</cd>  <i>D. L. Mackenzie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gripe"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to
gripe; extortionate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grip"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>One who gripes; an
oppressor; an extortioner.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grip"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a griping
or oppressive manner.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grip"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The man who
manipulates a grip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grippe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The influenza or epidemic catarrh.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, grips or seizes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>In printing presses, the
fingers or nippers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grip"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A grasp; a
gripe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grip"ple</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. fr. gripe.]
<def>Griping; greedy; covetous; tenacious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grip"ple*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being gripple.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Grip"sack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A traveler's
handbag.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Gris</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. &amp; F., fr. LL.
<i>griseus</i>; of German origin; cf. MHG. <i>gris</i>, G.
<i>greis</i>, hoary.  Cf. <u>Grizzle</u>.] <def>Gray.</def> [R.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., fr. <i>gris</i>
gray.  Cf. G. <i>grauwerk</i>  (lit. gray work) the gray skin of the
Siberian squirrel.  See <u>Gris</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A
costly kind of fur.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gris</hw> (gr&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Grice</u> a pig.] <def>A little pig.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gri"saille`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from gris
gray.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Decorative painting
in gray monochrome; -- used in English especially for painted
glass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of French fancy dress goods.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gris"am`ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ambergris</u>.] <def>Ambergris.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grise</hw> (gr&imacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Grice</u>, a pig.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Grise</hw> (gr&imacr;s or gr&emacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Prop. pl. of <i>gree</i> a step.] <def>A step (in a flight of
stairs); a degree.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>grise</i> of fortune<BR>
Is smoothed by that below.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gris"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>griseus</i>.
See <u>Gris</u>.] <def>Of a light color, or white, mottled with black
or brown; grizzled or grizzly.</def>  <i>Maunder.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gri*sette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. grisette
a gray woolen cloth, fr. <i>gris</i> gray. Grisettes were so called
because they wore gray gowns made of this stuff.  See <u>Gars</u>.]
<def>A French girl or young married woman of the lower class; more
frequently, a young working woman who is fond of gallantry.</def>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gris"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Grise a <i>pig + -
kin</i>.] <def>The spine of a hog.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gri"sled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
Grizzled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gris"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being grisly; horrid.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gris"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE, <i>grisly</i>,
<i>grislich</i>, AS. <i>grislic</i>, <i>gryslic</i>, fr. <i>gr&?;san
t</i>o shudder; cf. OD. <i>grijselick</i> horrible, OHG.
<i>grisenl</i>?<i>ch</i>, and also AS. <i>gre</i>?<i>san</i> to
frighten, and E. <i>gruesome</i>.] <def>Frightful; horrible;
dreadful; harsh; as, <i>grisly</i> locks; a <i>grisly</i>
specter.</def> "Grisly to behold."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of <i>grisly</i> and stern gravity.</blockquote>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Grisly bear</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Grizzly</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gri"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>grison</i>
gray, gray-haired, <i>gris</i> gray. See <u>Gris</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A South American animal
of the family Mustelidae (<i>Galictis vittata</i>). It is about two
feet long, exclusive of the tail. Its under parts are black. Also
called <i>South American glutton</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A South American monkey (<i>Lagothrix infumatus</i>), said to be
gluttonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gri"sons</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Geog.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Inhabitants of the eastern
Swiss Alps.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>sing.</i> <def>The largest
and most eastern of the Swiss cantons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>grist</i>, fr.
<i>grindan</i>. See <u>Grind</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ground corn; that which is ground at one
time; as much grain as is carried to the mill at one time, or the
meal it produces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Get grist to the mill to have plenty in
store.</blockquote> <i>Tusser. Q.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Supply; provision.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In rope making, a given size of rope,
<i>common grist</i> being a rope three inches in circumference, with
twenty yarns in each of the three strands.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>All is grist that comes to his mill</b></col>, <cd>all
that he has anything to do with is a source of profit.</cd> [Colloq.]
-- <col><b>To bring grist to the maill</b></col>, <cd>to bring
profitable business into one's hands; to be a source of profit.</cd>
[Colloq.] <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gris"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gristel</i>,
<i>gristil</i>, AS. <i>gristl</i>; akin to OFries. <i>gristel</i>,
<i>grestel</i>. Perh. a dim. of <i>grist</i> but cf. OHG.
<i>krustila</i>, <i>krostela</i>.  Cf. <u>Grist</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Cartilage. See <u>Cartilage</u>.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gris"tly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Consisting of, or containing, gristle; like gristle;
cartilaginous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grist"mill"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mill for
grinding grain; especially, a mill for grinding grists, or portions
of grain brought by different customers; a custom mill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE, <i>greet</i>,
<i>greot</i>, sand, gravel, AS. <i>gre&oacute;t</i> grit, sant, dust;
akin to OS <i>griott</i>, OFries. <i>gret</i> gravel, OHG.
<i>grioz</i>, G. <i>griess</i>, Icel. <i>grj&omacr;t</i>, and to E.
<i>groats</i>, <i>grout</i>. See <u>Groats</u>, <u>Grout</u>, and cf.
<u>Grail</u> gravel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sand or gravel; rough,
hard particles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The coarse part of meal.</def></p>

<p><! p. 652 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Grain, esp. oats or wheat,
hulled and coarsely ground; in high milling, fragments of cracked
wheat smaller than groats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A hard, coarse-grained
siliceous sandstone; as, millstone <i>grit</i>; -- called also
<i>gritrock</i> and <i>gritstone.</i>  The name is also applied to a
finer sharp-grained sandstone; as, grindstone <i>grit</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Structure, as adapted to grind or sharpen;
as, a hone of good <i>grit</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Firmness of mind; invincible spirit;
unyielding courage; fortitude.</def>  <i>C. Reade.</i>  <i>E. P.
Whipple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grit</hw> (gr&ibreve;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give
forth a grating sound, as sand under the feet; to grate; to
grind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sanded floor that <i>grits</i> beneath the
tread.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gritted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &, vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gritting</u>.] <def>To grind; to rub harshly together; to grate;
as, to grit the teeth.</def> [Collog.]</p>

<p><hw>Grith</hw> (gr&ibreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>gri&eth;</i> peace; akin to Icel. <i>grid</i>.] <def>Peace;
security; agreement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Grit"rock`</hw> (gr&ibreve;t"r&obreve;k`),
<hw>Grit"stone`</hw> (-st&omacr;n`) } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>See <u>Grit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grit"ti*ness</hw> (-t&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being gritty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grit"ty</hw> (-t&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Containing sand or grit; consisting of grit;
caused by grit; full of hard particles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spirited; resolute; unyielding.</def>
[Colloq., U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Griv"et</hw> (gr&ibreve;v"&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>grivet</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A monkey of the
upper Nile and Abyssinia (<i>Cercopithecus griseo-viridis</i>),
having the upper parts dull green, the lower parts white, the hands,
ears, and face black. It was known to the ancient Egyptians. Called
also <i>tota</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grize</hw> (gr&imacr;z <i>or</i> gr&emacr;z),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>2d Grise</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Griz"e*lin</hw> (gr&ibreve;z"&esl;*l&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Gridelin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Griz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gris</i>: cf.
<i>grisaille</i> hair partly gray, fr. <i>gris</i> gray. See
<u>Gris</u>, and cf. <u>Grisaille</u>.] <def>Gray; a gray color; a
mixture of white and black.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Griz"zled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gray; grayish;
sprinkled or mixed with gray; of a mixed white and black.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Grizzled</i> hair flowing in elf
locks.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Griz"zly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat gray;
grizzled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old squirrels that turn <i>grizzly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Grizzly bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
and ferocious bear  (<i>Ursus horribilis</i>) of Western North
America and the Rocky Mountains. It is remarkable for the great
length of its claws.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Griz"zly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Grizzlies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A grizzly bear. See under <u>Grizzly</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>In hydraulic mining, gratings
used to catch and throw out large stones from the sluices.</def>
[Local, U. S.]  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Groan</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Groaned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Groaning</u>.] [OE. <i>gronen</i>, <i>granen</i>, <i>granien</i>,
AS. <i>gr&?;nian</i>, fr.  the root of grennian to grin. &radic;35.
See <u>2d Grin</u>, and cf. <u>Grunt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
give forth a low, moaning sound in breathing; to utter a groan, as in
pain, in sorrow, or in derision; to moan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For we . . . do <i>groan</i>, being
burdened.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. v. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He heard the <i>groaning</i> of the oak.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strive after earnestly, as with
groans.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing but holy, pure, and clear,<BR>
Or that which groaneth to be so.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Groan</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To affect by
groans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Groan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low, moaning sound;
usually, a deep, mournful sound uttered in pain or great distress;
sometimes, an expression of strong disapprobation; as, the remark was
received with <i>groans</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>groans</i> of roaring wind and
rain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wretched animal heaved forth such
<i>groans</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Groan"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Agonizing;
sad.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Groat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LG. <i>gr&omacr;te</i>,
orig., great, that is, a great piece of coin, larger than other coins
in former use. See <u>Great</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An old
English silver coin, equal to four pence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any small sum of money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Groats</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE. <i>grot</i>,
AS. <i>gr&amacr;tan</i>; akin to Icel. <i>grautr</i> porridge, and to
E. <i>gritt</i>, <i>grout</i>. See <u>Grout</u>.] <def>Dried grain,
as oats or wheat, hulled and broken or crushed; in high milling,
cracked fragments of wheat larger than grits.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Embden groats</b></col>, <cd>crushed oats.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gro"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly written
grosser, orig., one who sells by the <i>gross</i>, or deals by
wholesale, fr. F. <i>grossier</i>, marchand grossier, fr. <i>gros</i>
large, great. See <u>Gross</u>.] <def>A trader who deals in tea,
sugar, spices, coffee, fruits, and various other
commodities.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grocer's itch</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a disease of
the skin, caused by handling sugar and treacle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gro"cer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Groceries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>grosserie</i> wholesale. See
<u>Grocer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The commodities sold by
grocers, as tea, coffee, spices, etc.; -- in the United States almost
always in the plural form, in this sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A deal box . . . to carry <i>groceries</i>
in.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The shops at which the best families of the
neighborhood bought <i>grocery</i> and millinery.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A retail grocer's shop or store.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Grog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from "Old
<i>Grog</i>" a nickname given to Admiral Vernon, in allusion to his
wearing a <i>grogram</i> cloak in foul weather. He is said to have
been the first to dilute the rum of the sailors (about 1745).] <def>A
mixture of spirit and water not sweetened; hence, any intoxicating
liquor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grog blossom</b></col>, <cd>a redness on the nose or face
of persons who drink ardent spirits to excess.</cd> [Collog.]</p>

<p><hw>Grog"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Groggeries</b></plw> (#). <def>A grogshop.</def> [Slang, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Grog"gi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>State of being groggy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>Tenderness or stiffness in
the foot of a horse, which causes him to move in a hobbling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grog"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Overcome with grog; tipsy; unsteady on the legs.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weakened in a fight so as to stagger; --
said of pugilists.</def> [Cant or Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>Moving in a hobbling manner,
owing to ten der feet; -- said of a horse.</def>  <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Grog"ram</hw> (?), <hw>Grog"ran</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gros-grain</i>, lit., gros-grain, of a
coarse texture. See <u>Gross</u>, and <u>Grain</u> a kernel, and cf.
<u>Grog</u>.] <def>A coarse stuff made of silk and mohair, or of
coarse silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grog"shop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shop or room
where strong liquors are sold and drunk; a dramshop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Groin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>groin</i>, fr.
<i>grogner</i> to grunt, L.  <i>grunnire</i>.] <def>The snout of a
swine.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Groin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>grogner</i> to
grunt, grumble.] <def>To grunt to growl; to snarl; to murmur.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bears that <i>groined</i> coatinually.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Groin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>grein</i>
distinction, division, branch; akin to Sw. <i>gren</i>, branch, space
between the legs, Icel.  <i>greina</i> to distinguish, divide, Sw.
<i>grena</i> to branch, straddle.  Cf. <u>Grain</u> a branch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The line between the lower
part of the abdomen and the thigh, or the region of this line; the
inguen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The projecting solid angle
formed by the meeting of two vaults, growing more obtuse as it
approaches the summit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The surface formed by two
such vaults.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A frame of woodwork across a beach to
accumulate and retain shingle.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Groin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Groined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.  &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Groining</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>To fashion into groins; to
build with groins.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hand that rounded Peter's dome,<BR>
And <i>groined</i> the aisles of Christian Rome,<BR>
Wrought in a sad sincerity.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Groined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Built with groins; as, a <i>groined</i> ceiling; a
<i>groined</i> vault.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grom"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Grommet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grom"ill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Gromwell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grom"met</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gourmette</i>
curb, curb chain, fr. <i>gourmer</i> to curb, thump, beat; cf.
Armor. <i>gromm</i> a curb, <i>gromma</i> to curb.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ring formed by twisting on itself a single
strand of an unlaid rope; also, a metallic eyelet in or for a sail or
a mailbag. Sometimes written <i>grummet</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A ring of rope used as a wad
to hold a cannon ball in place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grom"well</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Called also
<i>gromel</i>, <i>grommel</i>, <i>graymill</i>, and <i>gray</i>
millet, all prob. fr. F. <i>gr</i>?<i>mil</i>, cf. W.
<i>cromandi</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Lithospermum</i> (<i>L. arvense</i>), anciently used, because of
its stony pericarp, in the cure of gravel. The <i>German gromwell</i>
is the <i>Stellera</i>.</def> [Written also <i>gromill</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Grond</hw> (?), <def>obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Grind</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gron"te</hw> (?), <def>obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Groan</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Groom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot. <i>grome</i>,
<i>groyme</i>, <i>grume</i>, <i>gome</i>, <i>guym</i>, man, lover,
OD. <i>grom</i> boy, youth; perh. the <i>r</i> is an insertion as in
E. <i>bridegroom</i>, and the word is the same as AS. <i>guma</i>
man. See <u>Bridegroom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A boy or young
man; a waiter; a servant; especially, a man or boy who has charge of
horses, or the stable.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of several officers of the English
royal household, chiefly in the lord chamberlain's department; as,
the <i>groom</i> of the chamber; the <i>groom</i> of the
stole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A man recently married, or about to be
married; a bridegroom.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Groom porter</b></col>, <cd>formerly an officer in the
English royal household, who attended to the furnishing of the king's
lodgings and had certain privileges.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Groom</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Groomed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.  &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grooming</u>.] <def>To tend or care for, or to curry or clean, as
a, horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Groom"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, grooms horses; especially, a brush rotated by a flexible or
jointed revolving shaft, for cleaning horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grooms"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Groomsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A male attendant of a
bridegroom at his wedding; -- the correlative of
bridesmaid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Groop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Grouper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Groove</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>groef</i>,
<i>groeve</i>; akin to E.  <i>grove</i>. See <u>Grove</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A furrow, channel, or long hollow, such as
may be formed by cutting, molding, grinding, the wearing force of
flowing water, or constant travel; a depressed way; a worn path; a
rut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: The habitual course of life, work,
or affairs; fixed routine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gregarious trifling of life in the social
<i>groove</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [See <u>Grove</u>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
shaft or excavation.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Groove</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grooved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Groving</u>.] <def>To cut a groove or channel in; to form into
channels or grooves; to furrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Groov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who or that which grooves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A miner.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Holloway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Groov"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
forming a groove or grooves; a groove, or collection of
grooves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grope</hw> (gr&omacr;p), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Groped</u> (gr&omacr;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Groping</u>.] [OE. <i>gropen</i>, <i>gropien</i>,
<i>grapien</i>, AS. <i>gr&amacr;pian</i> to touch, grope, fr.
<i>gr&imacr;pan</i> to gripe.  See <u>Gripe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To feel with or use the hands; to handle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To search or attempt to find something in
the dark, or, as a blind person, by feeling; to move about
hesitatingly, as in darkness or obscurity; to feel one's way, as with
the hands, when one can not see.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>grope</i> for the wall like the
blind.</blockquote> <i>Is. lix. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>grope</i> a little longer among the miseries and
sensualities ot a worldly life.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
search out by feeling in the dark; as, we groped our way at
midnight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To examine; to test; to sound.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Felix <i>gropeth</i> him, thinking to have a
bribe.</blockquote> <i>Genevan Test. (Acts xxiv. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>Grop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gropes;
one who feels his way in the dark, or searches by feeling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grop"ing-ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a groping
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Gross</u>.]
<def>A heavy silk with a dull finish; as, <i>gros</i> de Naples;
<i>gros</i> de Tours.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gros"beak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gross</i> + beak:
cf. F.  <i>gros-bec</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of various
species of finches having a large, stout beak. The common European
grosbeak or hawfinch is <i>Coccothraustes vulgaris</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the best known American species are the rose-breasted
(<i>Habia Ludoviciana</i>); the blue (<i>Guiraca c&oelig;rulea</i>);
the pine (<i>Pinicola enucleator</i>); and the evening grosbeak. See
<u>Hawfinch</u>, and <i>Cardinal grosbeak</i>, <i>Evening
grosbeak</i>, under <u>Cardinal</u> and <u>Evening</u>. [Written also
<i>grossbeak</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Grosch"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>A small
silver coin and money of account of Germany, worth about two cents.
It is not included in the new monetary system of the
empire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gros"grain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.  Cf.
<u>Grogram</u>.] <def>Of a coarse texture; -- applied to silk with a
heavy thread running crosswise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gross</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Grosser</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Grossest</u>.] [F. <i>gros</i>, L.
<i>grossus</i>, perh. fr. L. <i>crassus</i> thick, dense, fat, E.
<i>crass</i>, cf. Skr. <i>grathita</i> tied together, wound up,
hardened.  Cf. <u>Engross</u>, <u>Grocer</u>, <u>Grogram</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Great; large; bulky; fat; of huge size;
excessively large.</def> "A <i>gross</i> fat man."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>gross</i> body of horse under the
Duke.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coarse; rough; not fine or
delicate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not easily aroused or excited; not
sensitive in perception or feeling; dull; witless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tell her of things that no <i>gross</i> ear can
hear.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Expressing, or originating in, animal or
sensual appetites; hence, coarse, vulgar, low, obscene, or
impure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The terms which are delicate in one age become
<i>gross</i> in the next.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Thick; dense; not attenuated; as, a gross
medium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Great; palpable; serious; vagrant;
shameful; as, a <i>gross</i> mistake; <i>gross</i> injustice;
<i>gross</i> negligence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Whole; entire; total; without deduction;
as, the <i>gross</i> sum, or <i>gross</i> amount, the <i>gross</i>
weight; -- opposed to <i>net</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gross adventure</b></col> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>the loan of
money upon bottomry, <i>i. e.</i>, on a mortgage of a ship.</cd> --
<col><b>Gross average</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that kind of
average which falls upon the gross or entire amount of ship, cargo,
and freight; -- commonly called <i>general average</i>.</cd>
<i>Bouvier.</i> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Gross receipts</b></col>,
<cd>the total of the receipts, before they are diminished by any
deduction, as for expenses; -- distinguished from <i>net
profits</i>.</cd> <i>Abbott.</i> -- <col><b>Gross weight</b></col>
<cd>the total weight of merchandise or goods, without deduction for
tare, tret, or waste; -- distinguished from <i>neat, or net,
weight</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gross</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gros</i> (in sense 1),
<i>grosse</i> (in sense 2).  See <u>Gross</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The main body; the chief part, bulk, or
mass.</def> "The gross of the enemy."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For the <i>gross</i> of the people, they are
considered as a mere herd of cattle.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <pos><i>sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>The number
of twelve dozen; twelve times twelve; as, a <i>gross</i> of bottles;
ten <i>gross</i> of pens.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Advowson in gross</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an advowson
belonging to a person, and not to a manor.</cd> -- <col><b>A great
gross</b></col>, <cd>twelve gross; one hundred and forty-four
dozen.</cd> -- <col><b>By the gross</b></col>, <cd>by the quantity;
at wholesale.</cd> -- <col><b>Common in gross</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Common</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>In
the gross</b></col>, <col><b>In gross</b></col>, <cd>in the bulk, or
the undivided whole; all parts taken together.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gross"beak`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Grosbeak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gross"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thick-
skulled; stupid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gross`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Gross</i> + L.  <i>ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-
fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of making gross or thick, or
the state of becoming so.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The swelling of the ovary of
plants after fertilization. Henslow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gross"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a gross manner;
greatly; coarsely; without delicacy; shamefully;
disgracefully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gross"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being gross; thickness; corpulence; coarseness;
shamefulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abhor the swinish <i>grossness</i> that delights to
wound the' ear of delicacy.</blockquote> <i>Dr. T. Dwight. </i></p>

<p><hw>Gros"su*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>grossularius</i>, from <i>Grossularia</i> a subgenus of
<i>Ribes</i>, including the gooseberry, fr. F. <i>groseille</i>. See
<u>Gooseberry</u>.] <def>Pertaining too, or resembling, a gooseberry;
as, <i>grossular</i> garnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gros"su*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Grossular</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A translucent garnet of a
pale green color like that of the gooseberry; -- called also
<i>grossularite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gros`su*la"ria</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Grossular</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Grossular</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gros"su*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Grossular</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A vegetable jelly, resembling
pectin, found in gooseberries (<i>Ribes Grossularia</i>) and other
fruits.</def></p>

<p><! p. 653 !></p>

<p><hw>Grot</hw> (gr&obreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>grotte</i>, It. <i>grotta</i>. See <u>Grotto</u>.] <def>A
grotto.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grot</hw>, <hw>Grote</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
groat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gro*tesque"</hw> (gr&osl;*t&ebreve;sk"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F., fr. It. <i>grottesco</i>, fr. <i>grotta</i> grotto. See
<u>Grotto</u>.] <def>Like the figures found in ancient grottoes;
grottolike; wildly or strangely formed; whimsical; extravagant; of
irregular forms and proportions; fantastic; ludicrous; antic.</def>
"<i>Grotesque</i> design." <i>Dryden.</i> "<i>Grotesque</i>
incidents." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gro*tesque</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A whimsical figure, or scene, such as is found in old crypts and
grottoes.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Artificial grotto-work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gro*tesque"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a grotesque
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gro*tesque"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being grotesque.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grot"to</hw> (gr&obreve;t"t&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Grottoes</b></plw> (-t&omacr;z). [Formerly
<i>grotta</i>, fr. It. <i>grotta</i>, LL. <i>grupta</i>, fr. L.
<i>crypta</i> a concealed subterranean passage, vault, cavern, Gr.
<grk>kry`pth</grk>, fr. <grk>krypto`s</grk> concealed, fr.
<grk>kry`ptein</grk> to conceal.  Cf. <u>Grot</u>, <u>Crypt</u>.]
<def>A natural covered opening in the earth; a cave; also, an
artificial recess, cave, or cavernlike apartment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grot"to-work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Artificial
and ornamental rockwork in imitation of a grotto.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ground</hw> (ground), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ground</i>,
<i>grund</i>, AS. <i>grund</i>; akin to D. <i>grond</i>, OS., G.,
Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>grund</i>, Icel. <i>grunnr</i> bottom, Goth.
<i>grundus</i> (in composition); perh. orig. meaning, dust, gravel,
and if so perh. akin to E. <i>grind</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
surface of the earth; the outer crust of the globe, or some
indefinite portion of it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was not a man to till the
<i>ground</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fire ran along upon the
<i>ground</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. ix. 23. </i></p>

<p>Hence: <def>A floor or pavement supposed to rest upon the
earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any definite portion of the earth's
surface; region; territory; country. Hence: A territory appropriated
to, or resorted to, for a particular purpose; the field or place of
action; as, a hunting or fishing <i>ground</i>; a play
<i>ground</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From . . . old Euphrates, to the brook that parts
Egypt from Syrian <i>ground</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Land; estate; possession; field; esp.
(<i>pl.</i>), the gardens, lawns, fields, etc., belonging to a
homestead; as, the <i>grounds</i> of the estate are well
kept.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy next design is on thy neighbor's
<i>grounds</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden. 4. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The basis on which anything rests;
foundation. Hence: The foundation of knowledge, belief, or
conviction; a premise, reason, or datum; ultimate or first principle;
cause of existence or occurrence; originating force or agency; as,
the <i>ground</i> of my hope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Paint. &amp; Decorative Art)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That surface upon which the figures of a
composition are set, and which relieves them by its plainness, being
either of one tint or of tints but slightly contrasted with one
another; as, crimson Bowers on a white <i>ground</i>.</def> See
<u>Background</u>, <u>Foreground</u>, and <u>Middle-ground</u>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In sculpture, a flat surface upon which
figures are raised in relief.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In point
lace, the net of small meshes upon which the embroidered pattern is
applied; as, Brussels <i>ground</i>. See <i>Brussels lace</i>, under
<u>Brussels</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Etching)</i> <def>A gummy composition
spread over the surface of a metal to be etched, to prevent the acid
from eating except where an opening is made by the needle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the pieces of wood,
flush with the plastering, to which moldings, etc., are attached; --
usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Grounds are usually put up first and the plastering floated
flush with them.</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
composition in which the bass, consisting of a few bars of
independent notes, is continually repeated to a varying melody.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The tune on which descants are raised; the
plain song.</def>  <i>Moore (Encyc.).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On that <i>ground</i> I'll build a holy
descant.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A conducting connection
with the earth, whereby the earth is made part of an electrical
circuit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Sediment at the bottom of
liquors or liquids; dregs; lees; feces; as, coffee grounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>The pit of a theater.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ground angling</b></col>, <cd>angling with a weighted line
without a float.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground annual</b></col> <i>(Scots
Law)</i>, <cd>an estate created in land by a vassal who instead of
selling his land outright reserves an annual ground rent, which
becomes a perpetual charge upon the land.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground
ash</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Groutweed</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground bailiff</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a
superintendent of mines.</cd> <i>Simmonds.</i>  -- <col><b>Ground
bait</b></col>, <cd>bits of bread, boiled barley or worms, etc.,
thrown into the water to collect the fish,</cd> <i>Wallon.</i> --
<col><b>Ground bass</b></col> or <col><b>base</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>fundamental base; a fundamental base continually
repeated to a varied melody.</cd> --  <col><b>Ground beetle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of numerous species of carnivorous
beetles of the family <i>Carabid&aelig;</i>, living mostly in burrows
or under stones, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground chamber</b></col>, <cd>a
room on the ground floor.</cd> --  <col><b>Ground cherry</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A genus  (<i>Physalis</i>) of
herbaceous plants having an inflated calyx for a seed pod: esp., the
strawberry tomato  (<i>P. Alkekengi</i>). See <u>Alkekengl</u>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A European shrub (<i>Prunus
Cham&aelig;cerasus</i>), with small, very acid fruit.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground cuckoo</b></col>.  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Chaparral cock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground cypress</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Lavender cotton</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground
dove</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several small American
pigeons of the genus <i>Columbigallina</i>, esp. <i>C. passerina</i>
of the Southern United States, Mexico, etc. They live chiefly on the
ground.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any fish which constantly lives on the botton of the sea, as the
sole, turbot, halibut.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground floor</b></col>,
<cd>the floor of a house most nearly on a level with the ground; --
called also in America, but not in England, the <i>first
floor</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground form</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>,
<cd>the stem or basis of a word, to which the other parts are added
in declension or conjugation. It is sometimes, but not always, the
same as the root.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground furze</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low slightly thorny, leguminous shrub (<i>Ononis
arvensis</i>) of Europe and Central Asia,; -- called also <i>rest-
harrow</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground game</b></col>, <cd>hares,
rabbits, etc., as distinguished from winged game.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground hele</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a perennial herb
(<i>Veronica officinalis</i>) with small blue flowers, common in
Europe and America, formerly thought to have curative
properties.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground of the heavens</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the surface of any part of the celestial sphere
upon which the stars may be regarded as projected.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground hemlock</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the yew (<i>Taxus
baccata</i> var. <i>Canadensisi</i>) of eastern North America,
distinguished from that of Europe by its low, straggling stems.</cd>
-- <col><b>Ground hog</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The woodchuck or American marmot (<i>Arctomys
monax</i>). See <u>Woodchuck</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
aardvark.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground hold</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>ground tackle.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i> -- <col><b>Ground
ice</b></col>, <cd>ice formed at the bottom of a body of water before
it forms on the surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground ivy</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A trailing plant; alehoof. See <u>Gill</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground joist</b></col>, <cd>a joist for a basement or ground
floor; a. sleeper.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground lark</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European pipit. See <u>Pipit</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Ground laurel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>. <cd>See <u>Trailing
arbutus</u>, under <u>Arbutus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground
line</b></col> <i>(Descriptive Geom.)</i>, <cd>the line of
intersection of the horizontal and vertical planes of
projection.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground liverwort</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a flowerless plant with a broad flat forking thallus and the
fruit raised on peduncled and radiated receptacles (<i>Marchantia
polymorpha</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Ground mail</b></col>, <cd>in
Scotland, the fee paid for interment in a churchyard.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground mass</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the fine-grained or
glassy base of a rock, in which distinct crystals of its constituents
are embedded.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground parrakeet</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several Australian parrakeets, of the
genera <i>Callipsittacus</i> and <i>Geopsittacus</i>, which live
mainly upon the ground.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground pearl</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an insect of the family <i>Coccid&aelig;</i>
(<i>Margarodes formicarum</i>), found in ants' nests in the Bahamas,
and having a shelly covering. They are strung like beads, and made
into necklaces by the natives.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground pig</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large, burrowing, African rodent
(<i>Aulacodus Swinderianus</i>) about two feet long, allied to the
porcupines but with harsh, bristly hair, and no spines; -- called
also <i>ground rat</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground pigeon</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of numerous species of pigeons which
live largely upon the ground, as the tooth-billed pigeon
(<i>Didunculus strigirostris</i>), of the Samoan Islands, and the
crowned pigeon, or goura. See <u>Goura</u>, and <u>Ground dove</u>
(<i>above</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Ground pine</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A blue-flowered herb of the genus
<i>Ajuga</i> (<i>A. Cham&aelig;pitys</i>), formerly included in the
genus <i>Teucrium</i> or germander, and named from its resinous
smell.</cd> <i>Sir J. Hill.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A long,
creeping, evergreen plant of the genus <i>Lycopodium</i> (<i>L.
clavatum</i>); -- called also <i>club moss</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A tree-shaped evergreen plant about eight
inches in height, of the same genus (<i>L. dendroideum</i>) found in
moist, dark woods in the northern part of the United States.</cd>
<i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Ground plan</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a
plan of the ground floor of any building, or of any floor, as
distinguished from an elevation or perpendicular section.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground plane</b></col>, <cd>the horizontal plane of
projection in perspective drawing.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground
plate</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>One of the
chief pieces of framing of a building; a timber laid horizontally on
or near the ground to support the uprights; a ground sill or
groundsel.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Railroads)</i> <cd>A bed
plate for sleepers or ties; a mudsill.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Teleg.)</i> <cd>A metallic plate buried in the earth to conduct
the electric current thereto. Connection to the pipes of a gas or
water main is usual in cities.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Ground
plot</b></col>, <cd>the ground upon which any structure is erected;
hence, any basis or foundation; also, a ground plan.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground plum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leguminous plant
(<i>Astragalus caryocarpus</i>) occurring from the Saskatchewan to
Texas, and having a succulent plum-shaped pod.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground
rat</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Ground pig</u>
(<i>above</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Ground rent</b></col>, <cd>rent paid
for the privilege of building on another man's land.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground robin</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Chewink</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground room</b></col>, <cd>a room on
the ground floor; a lower room.</cd> <i>Tatler.</i> -- <col><b>Ground
sea</b></col>, <cd>the West Indian name for a swell of the ocean,
which occurs in calm weather and without obvious cause, breaking on
the shore in heavy roaring billows; -- called also <i>rollers</i>,
and in Jamaica, <i>the North sea</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground
sill</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Ground plate</u> (<i>a</i>)
(<i>above</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Ground snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small burrowing American snake (<i>Celuta
am&oelig;na</i>). It is salmon colored, and has a blunt tail.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground squirrel</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One of numerous species of burrowing rodents
of the genera <i>Tamias</i> and <i>Spermophilus</i>, having cheek
pouches. The former genus includes the Eastern striped squirrel or
chipmunk and some allied Western species; the latter includes the
prairie squirrel or striped gopher, the gray gopher, and many allied
Western species. See <u>Chipmunk</u>, and <u>Gopher</u>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any species of the African genus
<i>Xerus</i>, allied to <i>Tamias</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground
story</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Ground floor</i> (<i>above</i>).</cd>
-- <col><b>Ground substance</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
intercellular substance, or matrix, of tissues.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground swell</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>The plant groundsel.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Holland.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A broad, deep swell or undulation of the
ocean, caused by a long continued gale, and felt even at a remote
distance after the gale has ceased.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground
table</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See Earth table, under
Earth.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground tackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>the tackle necessary to secure a vessel at anchor.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Ground thrush</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of numerous species of bright-colored
Oriental birds of the family <i>Pittid&aelig;</i>. See
<u>Pitta</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground tier</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The lowest tier of water casks in a vessel's
hold.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The lowest line of
articles of any kind stowed in a vessel's hold.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The lowest range of boxes in a theater.</cd>
-- <col><b>Ground timbers</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <cd>the
timbers which lie on the keel and are bolted to the keelson; floor
timbers.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Ground tit</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Ground wren</u> (<i>below</i>).</cd> -
- <col><b>Ground wheel</b></col>, <cd>that wheel of a harvester,
mowing machine, etc., which, rolling on the ground, drives the
mechanism.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground wren</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a small California bird (<i>Cham&aelig;a fasciata</i>) allied to
the wrens and titmice. It inhabits the arid plains. Called also
<i>ground tit</i>, and <i>wren tit</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To bite the
ground</b></col>, <col><b>To break ground</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bite</u>, <u>Break</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To come to the
ground</b></col>, <col><b>To fall to the ground</b></col>, <cd>to
come to nothing; to fail; to miscarry.</cd> -- <col><b>To gain
ground</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To advance; to proceed
forward in conflict; as, an army in battle <i>gains ground</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To obtain an advantage; to have some success;
as, the army <i>gains ground</i> on the enemy.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To gain credit; to become more prosperous or
influential.</cd> -- <col><b>To get, or To gather</b></col>,
<col><b>ground</b></col>, <cd>to gain ground.</cd> [R.] "Evening mist
. . . <i>gathers ground</i> fast." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no way for duty to prevail, and <i>get
ground</i> of them, but by bidding higher.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To give ground</b></col>, <cd>to recede; to yield
advantage.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>These nine . . . began <i>to give</i> me
<i>ground</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To lose ground</b></col>, <cd>to retire; to retreat; to
withdraw from the position taken; hence, to lose advantage; to lose
credit or reputation; to decline.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand one's
ground</b></col>, <cd>to stand firm; to resist attack or
encroachment.</cd> <i>Atterbury.</i>  -- <col><b>To take the
ground</b></col> <cd>to touch bottom or become stranded; -- said of a
ship.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ground</hw> (ground), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Grounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grounding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay, set, or run, on
the ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To found; to fix or set, as on a
foundation, reason, or principle; to furnish a ground for; to fix
firmly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being rooted and <i>grounded</i> in love.</blockquote>
<i>Eph. iii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So far from warranting any inference to the existence
of a God, would, on the contrary, <i>ground</i> even an argument to
his negation.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton </i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To instruct in elements or first
principles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To connect with the ground
so as to make the earth a part of an electrical circuit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>To cover with a ground,
as a copper plate for etching (see <u>Ground</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5); or as paper or other materials with a
uniform tint as a preparation for ornament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ground</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To run aground; to
strike the bottom and remain fixed; as, the ship <i>grounded</i> on
the bar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ground</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Grind</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ground cock</b></col>, <cd>a cock, the plug of which is
ground into its seat, as distinguished from a compression cock.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Ground glass</b></col>, <cd>glass the
transparency of which has been destroyed by having its surface
roughened by grinding.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground joint</b></col>, <cd>a
close joint made by grinding together two pieces, as of metal with
emery and oil, or of glass with fine sand and water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ground"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A local tax
paid by a ship for the ground or space it occupies while in
port.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ground"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a grounded
or firmly established manner.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ground"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Grind</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ground"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act, method, or
process of laying a groundwork or foundation; hence, elementary
instruction; the act or process of applying a ground, as of color, to
wall paper, cotton cloth, etc.; a basis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ground"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>grundle&aacute;s</i> bottomless.] <def>Without ground or
foundation; wanting cause or reason for support; not authorized;
false; as, <i>groundless</i> fear; a <i>groundless</i> report or
assertion.</def> -- <wf>Ground"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <pos><i>Ground"less*ness</i></pos>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ground"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ground</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish that
keeps at the bottom of the water, as the loach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spectator in the pit of a theater, which
formerly was on the ground, and without floor or benches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No comic buffoon to make the <i>groundlings</i>
laugh.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ground"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Solidly; deeply;
thoroughly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those whom princes do once <i>groundly</i> hate, Let
them provide to die as sure us fate.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ground"nut`</hw> (-n&ubreve;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The fruit of the <i>Arachis
hypog&aelig;a</i> (native country uncertain); the peanut; the
earthnut.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A leguminous, twining plant
(<i>Apios tuberosa</i>), producing clusters of dark purple flowers
and having a root tuberous and pleasant to the taste.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The dwarf ginseng (<i>Aralia
trifolia</i>).</def> [U. S.] <i>Gray.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A
European plant of the genus <i>Bunium</i> (<i>B. flexuosum</i>),
having an edible root of a globular shape and sweet, aromatic taste;
-- called also <i>earthnut</i>, <i>earth chestnut</i>,
<i>hawknut</i>, and <i>pignut</i>.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Ground"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>grundswilie</i>, AS. <i>grundeswylige</i>, <i>grundeswelge</i>,
earlier <i>gundiswilge</i>; <i>gund</i> matter, pus + <i>swelgan</i>
to swallow. So named as being good for a running from the eye. See
<u>Swallow</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An annual
composite plant (<i>Senecio vulgaris</i>), one of the most common and
widely distributed weeds on the globe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ground"sel</hw> (?), <hw>Ground"sill`</hw> (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ground</i> + <i>sill</i>.] <def>See
<i>Ground plate</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under
<u>Ground</u></def></p>

<p><hw>Ground"work`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>That which forms the foundation or support of anything; the
basis; the essential or fundamental part; first principle.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Group</hw> (gr&oomac;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F
<i>groupe</i>, It. <i>gruppo</i>, <i>groppo</i>, cluster, bunch,
packet, group; of G. origin: cf. G. <i>kropf</i> craw, crop, tumor,
bunch. See <u>Crop</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cluster, crowd, or throng; an assemblage, either of persons or
things, collected without any regular form or arrangement; as, a
<i>group</i> of men or of trees; a <i>group</i> of isles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assemblage of objects in a certain
order or relation, or having some resemblance or common
characteristic; as, <i>groups</i> of strata.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A variously limited
assemblage of animals or plants, having some resemblance, or common
characteristics in form or structure. The term has different uses,
and may be made to include certain species of a genus, or a whole
genus, or certain genera, or even several orders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A number of eighth,
sixteenth, etc., notes joined at the stems; -- sometimes rather
indefinitely applied to any ornament made up of a few short
notes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Group</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grouped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grouping</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>grouper</i>. See <u>Group</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To form a group of; to arrange or combine
in a group or in groups, often with reference to mutual relation and
the best effect; to form an assemblage of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The difficulty lies in drawing and disposing, or, as
the painters term it, in <i>grouping</i> such a multitude of
different objects.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Grouped columns</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>three or
more columns placed upon the same pedestal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Group"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. Pg.
<i>garupa</i> crupper.  Cf. <u>Garbupa</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of several species of valuable food
fishes of the genus <i>Epinephelus</i>, of the family
<i>Serranid&aelig;</i>, as the red grouper, or brown snapper  (<i>E.
morio</i>), and the black grouper, or warsaw (<i>E. nigritus</i>),
both from Florida and the Gulf of Mexico.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The tripletail (<i>Lobotes</i>).</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>In California, the name is often applied to the
rockfishes.</def> [Written also <i>groper</i>, <i>gruper</i>, and
<i>trooper</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 654 !></p>

<p><hw>Group"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<def>The disposal or relative arrangement of figures or objects, as
in, drawing, painting, and sculpture, or in ornamental
design.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grouse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [Prob. after
the analogy of mouse, mice, fr. the earlier <i>grice</i>, OF.
<i>griesche</i> meor hen: cf. F. <i>piegri&egrave;che</i> shrike.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any of the numerous species of gallinaceous
birds of the family <i>Tetraonid&aelig;</i>, and subfamily
<i>Tetraonin&aelig;</i>, inhabiting Europe, Asia, and North America.
They have plump bodies, strong, well-feathered legs, and usually
mottled plumage. The group includes the ptarmigans (<i>Lagopus</i>),
having feathered feet.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the European species are the red grouse (<i>Lagopus
Scoticus</i>) and the hazel grouse (<i>Bonasa betulina</i>). See
<u>Capercaidzie</u>, <u>Ptarmigan</u>, and <u>Heath grouse</u>. Among
the most important American species are the ruffed grouse, or New
England partridge (<i>Bonasa umbellus</i>); the sharp-tailed grouse
(<i>Pedioc&aelig;tes phasianellus</i>) of the West; the dusky blue,
or pine grouse (<i>Dendragapus obscurus</i>) of the Rocky Mountains;
the Canada grouse, or spruce partridge (<i>D. Canadensis</i>). See
also <u>Prairie hen</u>, and <u>Sage cock</u>. The Old World sand
grouse (<i>Pterocles</i>, <i>etc.</i>) belong to a very different
family. See <u>Pterocletes</u>, and <i>Sand grouse</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Grouse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To seek or shoot
grouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grou"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Dredging,
Pile Driving, etc.)</i> <def>A pointed timber attached
to a boat and sliding vertically, to thrust into the ground as a
means of anchorage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grout</hw> (grout), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>gr&umacr;t</i>; akin to <i>grytt</i>, G. <i>gr&uuml;tze</i>,
<i>griess</i>, Icel. <i>grautr</i>, Lith. <i>grudas</i> corn, kernel,
and E. <i>groats</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Coarse meal; ground
malt;</def> <i>pl.</i> <def>groats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, a kind of beer or ale.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Lees; dregs; grounds.</def>
[Eng.]  "<i>Grouts</i> of tea."  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A thin, coarse mortar, used for pouring
into the joints of masonry and brickwork; also, a finer material,
used in finishing the best ceilings.</def> <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grouted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grouting</u>.] <def>To fill up or finish with grout, as the joints
between stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grout"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Growthead</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grout"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of
filling in or finishing with grout; also, the grout thus filled
in.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grout"nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Groat</u>,
and <u>Noll</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [Obs.] <def>Same as
<u>Growthead.</u></def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grout"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cross; sulky;
sullen.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Grove</hw> (gr&omacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>graf</i>, fr. <i>grafan</i> to dig. The original sense seems to
have been <i>a lane cut through trees</i>. See <u>Grave</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Groove</u>.] <def>A smaller group of
trees than a forest, and without underwood, planted, or growing
naturally as if arranged by art; a wood of small extent.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Hebrew word <i>Asherah</i>, rendered <i>grove</i> in
the Authorized Version of the Bible, is left untranslated in the
Revised Version. Almost all modern interpreters agree that by
<i>Asherah</i> an idol or image of some kind is intended.</p>

<p><hw>Grov"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Groveled</u> (?) or <u>Grovelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Groveling</u> or <u>Grovelling</u>.] [From OE.
<i>grovelinge</i>, <i>grufelinge</i>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, on the
face, prone, which was misunderstood as a p. pr.; cf.  OE.
<i>gruf</i>, <i>groff</i>, in the same sense; of Scand. origin, cf.
Icel. <i>gr&umacr;fa</i>, in <i>&amacr; gr&umacr;fu</i> on the face,
prone, <i>gr&umacr;fa</i> to grovel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
creep on the earth, or with the face to the ground; to lie prone, or
move uneasily with the body prostrate on the earth; to lie flat on
one's belly, expressive of abjectness; to crawl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To creep and <i>grovel</i> on the ground.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tend toward, or delight in, what is
sensual or base; to be low, abject, or mean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grov"el*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
grovels; an abject wretch.</def> [Written also <i>groveller.</i>]</p>

<p><hw>Grov"el*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying prone; low;
debased.</def> [Written also <i>grovelling</i>.] "A <i>groveling</i>
creature."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grov"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, a grove; situated in, or frequenting, groves.</def>
<i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grow</hw> (gr&omacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Grew</u> (gr&udd;); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grown </u> (gr&omacr;n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Growing</u>.] [AS. <i>gr&omacr;wan</i>; akin to D.
<i>groeijen</i>, Icel. <i>gr&omacr;a</i>, Dan. <i>groe</i>, Sw.
<i>gro</i>.  Cf. <u>Green</u>, <u>Grass</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To increase in size by a natural and organic process; to
increase in bulk by the gradual assimilation of new matter into the
living organism; -- said of animals and vegetables and their
organs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To increase in any way; to become larger
and stronger; to be augmented; to advance; to extend; to wax; to
accrue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Winter began to <i>grow</i> fast on.</blockquote>
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Even just the sum that I do owe to you<BR>
Is <i>growing</i> to me by Antipholus.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spring up and come to maturity in a
natural way; to be produced by vegetation; to thrive; to flourish;
as, rice <i>grows</i> in warm countries.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where law faileth, error <i>groweth</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass from one state to another; to
result as an effect from a cause; to become; as, to <i>grow</i>
pale.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For his mind<BR>
Had <i>grown</i> Suspicion's sanctuary.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To become attached or fixed; to
adhere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our knees shall kneel till to the ground they
<i>grow</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Growing cell</b></col>, or <col><b>Growing
slide</b></col>, <cd>a device for preserving alive a minute object in
water continually renewed, in a manner to permit its growth to be
watched under the microscope.</cd> -- <col><b>Grown over</b></col>,
<cd>covered with a growth.</cd> -- <col><b>To grow out of</b></col>,
<cd>to issue from, as plants from the soil, or as a branch from the
main stem; to result from.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>These wars have <i>grown out of</i> commercial
considerations.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton. </i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To grow up</b></col>, <cd>to arrive at full stature or
maturity; as, <i>grown up</i> children.</cd> --  <col><b>To grow
together</b></col>, <cd>to close and adhere; to become united by
growth, as flesh or the bark of a tree severed.</cd>
<i>Howells.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To become; increase; enlarge; augment; improve;
expand; extend.</p>

<p><hw>Grow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to grow;
to cultivate; to produce; as, to <i>grow</i> a crop; to <i>grow</i>
wheat, hops, or tobacco.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To raise; to cultivate. See <u>Raise</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 3.</p>

<p><hw>Grow"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grow"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Arm. <i>grouan</i>
gravel, Corn. <i>grow</i> gravel, sand.] <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>A
decomposed granite, forming a mass of gravel, as in tin lodes in
Cornwall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who grows or
produces; as, a <i>grower</i> of corn; also, that which grows or
increases; as, a vine may be a rank or a slow
<i>grower</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Growl</hw> (groul), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Growled</u> (grould); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Growling</u>.] [D. <i>grollen</i> to grunt, murmur,
be angry; akin to G. <i>grollen</i> to be angry.] <def>To utter a
deep guttural sound, as an angry dog; to give forth an angry,
grumbling sound.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Growl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To express by
growling.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Growl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The deep, threatening
sound made by a surly dog; a grumbling sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Growl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who growls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The large-mouthed
black bass.</def> [Local]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A four-wheeled cab.</def> [Slang,
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Growl"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a growling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grown</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Grow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Growse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>gruesome</i>,
<i>grewsome</i>, and G. <i>grausen</i> to make shudder, shiver.]
<def>To shiver; to have chills.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Growth</hw> (gr&omacr;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
gr&omacr;&eth;r, gr&omacr;&eth;i. See <u>Grow</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The process of growing; the gradual increase
of an animal or a vegetable body; the development from a seed, germ,
or root, to full size or maturity; increase in size, number,
frequency, strength, etc.; augmentation; advancement; production;
prevalence or influence; as, the <i>growth</i> of trade; the
<i>growth</i> of power; the <i>growth</i> of intemperance.  Idle
weeds are fast in <i>growth</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which has grown or is growing;
anything produced; product; consequence; effect; result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature multiplies her fertile
<i>growth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Growt"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Lit.,
<i>greathead</i>.] <def>A lazy person; a blockhead.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Growth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having capacity
of growth.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Groyne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Groin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gro"zing i"ron</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tool with a
hardened steel point, formerly used instead of a diamond for cutting
glass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Plumbing)</i> <def>A tool for smoothing the
solder joints of lead pipe.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grub</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grubbed</u> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grubbing</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>grubbin</i>., cf. E. <i>grab</i>,
<i>grope</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dig in or under the ground,
generally for an object that is difficult to reach or extricate; to
be occupied in digging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drudge; to do menial work.</def>
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
dig; to dig up by the roots; to root out by digging; -- followed by
up; as, to <i>grub</i> up trees, rushes, or sedge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They do not attempt to <i>grub</i> up the root of
sin.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To supply with food.</def> [Slang]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva of an insect, especially of a
beetle; -- called also <i>grubworm</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<i>Goldsmith beetle</i>, under <u>Goldsmith</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet your butterfly was a <i>grub</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A short, thick man; a dwarf.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Victuals; food.</def> [Slang]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Grub ax</b></col> or <col><b>axe</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
mattock used in grubbing up roots, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Grub
breaker</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Grub hook</u> (<i>below</i>).</cd>
-- <col><b>Grub hoe</b></col>, <cd>a heavy hoe for grubbing.</cd> --
<col><b>Grub hook</b></col>, <cd>a plowlike implement for uprooting
stumps, breaking roots, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Grub saw</b></col>,
<cd>a handsaw used for sawing marble.</cd> -- <col><b>Grub
Street</b></col>, <cd>a street in London (now called <i>Milton
Street</i>), described by Dr. Johnson as "much inhabited by writers
of small histories, dictionaries, and temporary poems, whence any
mean production is called <i>grubstreet</i>." As an adjective,
suitable to, or resembling the production of, Grub Street.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'd sooner ballads write, and <i>grubstreet</i>
lays.</blockquote> <i>Gap.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Grub"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, grubs; especially, a machine or tool of the nature of a grub
ax, grub hook, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grub"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>grub</i>, but cf. <i>grabble</i>.] <def>To feel or grope in the
dark.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grub"by</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Grub</u>.]
<def>Dirty; unclean.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>grubby</i> game of marbles.</blockquote>
<i>Lond. Sat. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grub"by</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of <i>Cottus</i>; a sculpin.</def> [Local, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Grub"worm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Grub</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And gnats and <i>grubworms</i> crowded on his
view.</blockquote> <i>C. Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grucche</hw> (gr&ubreve;ch), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Grudge</u>.] <def>To murmur; to grumble.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What aileth you, thus for <i>grucche</i> and
groan.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grudge</hw> (gr&ubreve;j), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Grudger</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Grudging</u>.] [OE. <i>grutchen</i>,
<i>gruchen</i>, <i>grochen</i>, to murmur, grumble, OF.
<i>grochier</i>, <i>grouchier</i>, <i>grocier</i>, <i>groucier</i>;
cf.  Icel. <i>krytja</i> to murmur, <i>krutr</i> a murmur, or E.
<i>grunt</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To look upon with desire to
possess or to appropriate; to envy (one) the possession of; to
begrudge; to covet; to give with reluctance; to desire to get back
again; -- followed by the direct object only, or by both the direct
and indirect objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tis not in thee To <i>grudge</i> my pleasures, to cut
off my train.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have often heard the Presbyterians say, they did not
<i>grudge</i> us our employments.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They have <i>grudged</i> us contribution.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold or harbor with malicious
disposition or purpose; to cherish enviously.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Perish they<BR>
That <i>grudge</i> one thought against your majesty !</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grudge</hw> (gr&ubreve;j), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be covetous or envious; to show
discontent; to murmur; to complain; to repine; to be unwilling or
reluctant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Grudge</i> not one against another.</blockquote>
<i>James v. 9. </i></p>

<p><blockquote>He eats his meat without <i>grudging</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feel compunction or grief.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Fisher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grudge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sullen malice or malevolence; cherished malice, enmity, or
dislike; ill will; an old cause of hatred or quarrel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Esau had conceived a mortal <i>grudge</i> and enmity
against his brother Jacob.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The feeling may not be envy; it may not be imbittered
by a <i>grudge</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slight symptom of disease.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our shaken monarchy, that now lies . . . struggling
against the <i>grudges</i> of more dreaded calamities.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pique; aversion; dislike; ill will; hatred; spite.
See <u>Pique</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Grudge"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of grudge;
envious.</def> "<i>Grudgeful</i> discontent."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grud"geons</hw> (?), <hw>Gur"geons</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [Prob. from P. <i>grugir</i> to craunch; cf. D.
<i>gruizen</i> to crush, grind, and E. <i>grout</i>.] <def>Coarse
meal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Grudg"er</hw> (gr&ubreve;j"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who grudges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grudg"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a grudging
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grudg"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of grudging, or of being full of grudge or
unwillingness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gru"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gruel</i>, F.
<i>gruau</i>; of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>gruzzi</i> groats, G.
<i>gr&uuml;tze</i>, As. <i>gr&umacr;t</i>. See <u>Grout</u>.] <def>A
light, liquid food, made by boiling meal of maize, oatmeal, or flour
in water or milk; thin porridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gru"el*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like gruel; of the
consistence of gruel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grue"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Grewsome</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Gruf</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Grovel</u>.]
<def>Forwards; with one's face to the ground.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They fellen <i>gruf</i>, and cryed
piteously.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gruff</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Gruffer</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Gruffest</u>.] [D. <i>grof</i>; akin to
G. <i>grob</i>, OHG. <i>gerob</i>, grob, Dan. <i>grov</i>, Sw.
<i>grof</i>, perh. akin to AS. <i>rc&oacute;fan</i> to break, Z.
<i>reavc</i>, rupture, <i>g-</i> standing for the AS. prefix <i>ge-
</i>, Goth. <i>ga-</i>.] <def>Of a rough or stern manner, voice, or
countenance; sour; surly; severe; harsh.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gruff</i>, disagreeable, sarcastic
remarks.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Gruff"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  --
<wf>Gruff"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gru"gru palm"</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A West Indian name
for several kinds of palm. See <i>Macaw tree</i>, under
<u>Macaw</u>.</def> [Written also <i>grigri palm</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gru"gru worm"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva or
grub of a large South American beetle (<i>Calandra palmarum</i>),
which lives in the pith of palm trees and sugar cane. It is eaten by
the natives, and esteemed a delicacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grum</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>grum</i>
furious, Sw. <i>grym</i>, AS. <i>gram</i>, and E. <i>grim</i>, and
<i>grumble</i>. &radic;35.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Morose; severe of
countenance; sour; surly; glum; grim.</def> "Nick looked sour and
<i>grum</i>."  <i>Arbuthnof.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Low; deep in the throat; guttural;
rumbling; as, a <i>grum</i> voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Grunbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Grumbling</u> (?).] [Cf. LG. <i>grummeln</i>, <i>grumen</i>, D.
<i>grommelen</i>, <i>grommen</i>, and F. <i>grommeler</i>, of German
origin; cf. W. <i>grwm</i>, murmur, grumble, surly. &radic;35.  Cf.
<u>Grum</u>, <u>Grim</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To murmur or
mutter with discontent; to make ill-natured complaints in a low voice
and a surly manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>L'Avare, not using half his store,<BR>
Still <i>grumbles</i> that he has no more.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To growl; to snarl in deep tones; as, a
lion <i>grumbling</i> over his prey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rumble; to make a low, harsh, and heavy
sound; to mutter; as, the distant thunder <i>grumbles</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To express or
utter with grumbling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The noise of one that grumbles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grumbling, discontented
disposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bad case of <i>grumble</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. H.
H. Jackson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grum"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
grumbles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grum"bling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a grumbling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grume</hw> (gr&udd;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>grume</i>,
cf. F. <i>grumeau</i> a little heap, clot of blood, dim. fr. L.
<i>grumus</i>.] <def>A thick, viscid fluid; a clot, as of
blood.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grum"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a grum
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gru*mose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Clustered in grains at intervals; grumous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gru"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>grumeleux</i>. See <u>Grume</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling or containing grume; thick; concreted; clotted; as,
grumous blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Grumose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gru"mous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being grumous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grump"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a surly
manner; sullenly.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Grump"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Grumble</u>,
and <u>Grum</u>.] <def>Surly; dissatisfied; grouty.</def> [Collog.]
<i>Ferby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grun"del</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Groundling</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A groundling
(fish).</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Grundsel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Groundsel.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Grunt</hw> (gr&ubreve;nt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Grunted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Grunting</u>.] [OE. <i>grunten</i>; akin to As.
<i>grunian</i>, G. <i>grunzen</i>, Dan. <i>grynte</i>, Sw.
<i>grymta</i>; all prob. of imitative; or perh. akin to E.
<i>groan</i>.] <def>To make a deep, short noise, as a hog; to utter a
short groan or a deep guttural sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who would fardels bear,<BR>
To <i>grunt</i> and sweat under a weary life.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Grunting ox</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
yak.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 655 !></p>

<p><hw>Grunt</hw> (gr&ubreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A deep, guttural sound, as of a
hog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of American food fishes, of the genus <i>H&aelig;mulon</i>,
allied to the snappers, as, the black grunt (<i>A.  Plumieri</i>),
and the redmouth grunt  (<i>H. aurolineatus</i>), of the Southern
United States; -- also applied to allied species of the genera
<i>Pomadasys</i>, <i>Orthopristis</i>, and <i>Pristopoma</i>. Called
also <i>pigfish</i>, <i>squirrel fish</i>, and <i>grunter</i>; -- so
called from the noise it makes when taken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grunt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, grunts; specifically, a hog.</def>
"Bristled grunters."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several
American marine fishes. See <u>Sea robin</u>, and <u>Grunt</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Brass Founding)</i> <def>A hook used in
lifting a crucible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grunt"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a grunting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grun"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>grunt</i>.] <def>To grunt; to grunt repeatedly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Grunt"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young
hog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grutch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Grudge</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gru"y&egrave;re` cheese"</hw> (&?;). <def>A kind of cheese
made at <i>Gruy&egrave;re</i>, <i>Switzerland</i>. It is a firm
cheese containing numerous cells, and is known in the United States
as <i>Schweitzerk&auml;se</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr &?; syllable, bit.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A measure equal to one tenth of a line.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything very small, or of little
value.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gryde</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gride. See
<u>Gride</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gryf"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Griffin</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gryl"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., <i>locust</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of insects including the common
crickets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grype</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gripe.</def>
[Obs.] See <u>Gripe</u>.  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grype</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gry`f</grk>,
<grk>grypo`s</grk>, griffin. See <u>Griffin</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A vulture; the griffin.</def> [Written also <i>gripe</i>.]
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Gry*ph&aelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. I
<i>gryphus</i>, or <i>qryps</i>, gen. <i>gryphis</i>, a
<i>griffin</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of cretaceous
fossil shells allied to the oyster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gryph"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gryphite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A shell of the genus
Gryphea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gryph"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The griffin vulture.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Grys"bok</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.  <i>grijs</i>
gray + <i>bok</i> buck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small South
African antelope (<i>Neotragus melanotis</i>).  It is speckled with
gray and chestnut, above; the under parts are reddish fawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gua*cha"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>gu&aacute;charo</i> sickly, dropsical, <i>guacharaca</i> a sort of
bird.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A nocturnal bird of South America and
Trinidad (<i>Steatornis Caripensis</i>, or <i>S. steatornis</i>); --
called also <i>oilbird.</i></def></p>

<p>&fist; It resembles the goatsuckers and nighthawks, but feeds on
fruits, and nests in caverns. A pure oil, used in place of butter, is
extracted from the young by the natives.</p>

<p><hw>Gua"cho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Guachos</b></plw> (&?;) [Spanish American.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the mixed-blood (Spanish-Indian)
inhabitants of the pampas of South America; a mestizo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An Indian who serves as a
messenger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gua"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plant (<i>Aristolochia anguicida</i>) of
Carthagena, used as an antidote to serpent bites.</def>
<i>Lindley.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The <i>Mikania Guaco</i>, of
Brazil, used for the same purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gua"iac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Guaiacum</u>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, guaiacum.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Guaiacum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gua"ia*cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Sp.
<i>guayaco</i>, from native name in Hayti.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of small, crooked trees, growing in
tropical America.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The heart wood or the resin of the
<i>Guaiacum officinale</i> or lignum-vit&aelig;, a large tree of the
West Indies and Central America. It is much used in medicine.</def>
[Written also <i>guaiac</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Guan</hw> (gw&auml;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>((Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of many species of large
gallinaceous birds of Central and South America, belonging to
<i>Penelope</i>, <i>Pipile</i>, <i>Ortalis</i>, and allied genera.
Several of the species are often domesticated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gua"na</hw> (gw&auml;"n&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Iguana</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gua*na"co</hw> (gw&adot;*n&auml;"k&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Guanacos</b></plw> (-
k&omacr;z).  [Sp. <i>guanaco</i>, Peruv. <i>huanacu</i>.  Cf.
<u>Huanaco</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American mammal
(<i>Auchenia huanaco</i>), allied to the llama, but of larger size
and more graceful form, inhabiting the southern Andes and Patagonia.
It is supposed by some to be the llama in a wild state.</def>
[Written also <i>huanaco</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gua"ni*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A strongly alkaline base,
CN<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>, formed by the oxidation of guanin, and
also obtained combined with methyl in the decomposition of creatin.
Boiled with dilute sulphuric acid, it yields urea and
ammonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gua*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Guano</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Yielding guano.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gua"nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>A crystalline substance
(C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>N<sub>5</sub>O) contained in guano. It is
also a constituent of the liver, pancreas, and other glands in
mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gua"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Guanos</b></plw> (#). [Sp. <i>guano</i>, fr. Peruv.
<i>huanu</i> dung.] <def>A substance found in great abundance on some
coasts or islands frequented by sea fowls, and composed chiefly of
their excrement. It is rich in phosphates and ammonia, and is used as
a powerful fertilizer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gua"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Braz.
<i>guar&aacute;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The scarlet ibis. See <u>Ibis</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A large-maned wild dog of South America (<i>Canis jubatus</i>) -
- named from its cry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gua"ra*na`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A preparation from the seeds of <i>Paullinia
sorbilis</i>, a woody climber of Brazil, used in making an astringent
drink, and also in the cure of headache.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gua"ra*nine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid extracted from guarana. Same as
<u>Caffeine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guar`an*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Guarantees</b></plw> (#). [For guaranty, prob. influenced by
words like assignee, lessee, etc. See <u>Guaranty</u>, and cf.
<u>Warrantee</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In law and common usage: A
promise to answer for the payment of some debt, or the performance of
some duty, in case of the failure of another person, who is, in the
first instance, liable to such payment or performance; an engagement
which secures or insures another against a contingency; a warranty; a
security. Same as <u>Guaranty</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His interest seemed to be a <i>guarantee</i> for his
zeal.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who binds himself to see an
undertaking of another performed; a guarantor.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Guarantor is the correct form in this sense.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The person to whom a guaranty
is made; --  the correlative of <i>guarantor</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Guarantee</u>, <u>Warranty.</u> A guarantee is
an engagement that a certain act will be done or not done in future.
A warranty is an engagement as to the qualities or title of a thing
at the time of the engagement.</p>

<p><hw>Guar"an*tee`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>guaranteed</u> (?); <pos><i>p, pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Guaranteeing</u>.] [From <u>Guarantee</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>In law and common usage: to undertake or engage for the payment
of (a debt) or the performance of (a duty) by another person; to
undertake to secure (a possession, right, claim, etc.) to another
against a specified contingency, or at all events; to give a
guarantee concerning; to engage, assure, or secure as a thing that
may be depended on; to warrant; as, to <i>guarantee</i> the execution
of a treaty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The United States shall <i>guarantee</i> to every
State in this Union a republican form of government.</blockquote>
<i>Constitution of the U. S.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guar"an*tor`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Guaranty</u>, and cf. <u>Warrantor</u>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who makes or gives a guaranty; a
warrantor; a surety.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who engages
to secure another in any right or possession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guar"an*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Guaranies</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>guarantie</i>,
<i>garantie</i>, F. <i>garantie</i>, OF. <i>guarantir</i>,
<i>garantir</i>, to warrant, to <i>guaranty</i>, E. <i>garantir</i>,
fr. OF. <i>guarant</i>, <i>garant</i>, a warranter, F. <i>garant</i>;
of German origin, and from the same word as warranty. See
<u>Warrant</u>, and cf. <u>Warranty</u>, <u>Guarantee</u>.] <def>In
law and common usage: An undertaking to answer for the payment of
some debt, or the performance of some contract or duty, of another,
in case of the failure of such other to pay or perform; a guarantee;
a warranty; a security.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guar"an*ty</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Guarantied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Guarantying</u>.] [From <u>Guaranty</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>In law and common usage: To undertake or engage that another
person shall perform (what he has stipulated); to undertake to be
answerable for (the debt or default of another); to engage to answer
for the performance of (some promise or duty by another) in case of a
failure by the latter to perform; to undertake to secure (something)
to another, as in the case of a contingency. See <u>Guarantee</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Guaranty</i> agrees in form with <i>warranty</i>. Both
<i>guaranty</i> and <i>guarantee</i> are well authorized by legal
writers in the United States. The prevailing spelling, at least for
the verb, is <i>guarantee</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Guard</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Guarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &, vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gurding</u>.] [OF. <i>guarder</i>, <i>garder</i>, warder, F.
<i>garder</i>, fr. OHG. <i>wart&?;n</i> to be on the watch, await, G.
<i>marten</i>. See <u>Ward</u>, <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Guard</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
protect from danger; to secure against surprise, attack, or injury;
to keep in safety; to defend; to shelter; to shield from surprise or
attack; to protect by attendance; to accompany for protection; to
care for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For Heaven still <i>guards</i> the right.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep watch over, in order to prevent
escape or restrain from acts of violence, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To protect the edge of, esp. with an
ornamental border; hence, to face or ornament with lists, laces,
etc.</def></p>

<p>
<blockquote>The body of your discourse it sometime <i>guarded</i>
with fragments, and the guards are but slightly basted on
neither.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fasten by binding; to gird.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To defend, protect, shield; keep; watch.</p>

<p><hw>Guard</hw> (g&auml;rd), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To watch
by way of caution or defense; to be caution; to be in a state or
position of defense or safety; as, careful persons <i>guard</i>
against mistakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>guarde</i>, F.
<i>garde</i>; of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>wart</i>, <i>marto</i>,
one who watches, <i>mata</i> a watching, Goth. <i>wardja</i>
watchman. See <u>Guard</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, guards from
injury, danger, exposure, or attack; defense; protection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His greatness was no <i>guard</i> to bar heaven's
shaft.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man, or body of men, stationed to
protect or control a person or position; a watch; a
sentinel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>guard</i> which kept the door of the king's
house.</blockquote> <i>Kings xiv. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who has charge of a mail coach or a
railway train; a conductor.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any fixture or attachment designed to
protect or secure against injury, soiling, or defacement, theft or
loss</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of a sword hilt
which protects the hand.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Ornamental
lace or hem protecting the edge of a garment.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A chain or cord for fastening a watch to
one's person or dress.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A fence or rail
to prevent falling from the deck of a vessel.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>An extension of the deck of a vessel beyond
the hull; esp., in side-wheel steam vessels, the framework of strong
timbers, which curves out on each side beyond the paddle wheel, and
protects it and the shaft against collision.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A plate of metal, beneath the stock, or the
lock frame, of a gun or pistol, having a loop, called a bow, to
protect the trigger.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Bookbinding)</i>
<def>An interleaved strip at the back, as in a scrap book, to guard
against its breaking when filled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A posture of defense in fencing, and in
bayonet and saber exercise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An expression or admission intended to
secure against objections or censure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have expressed themselves with as few
<i>guards</i> and restrictions as I.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.
</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Watch; heed; care; attention; as, to keep
guard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fibrous sheath
which covers the phragmacone of the Belemnites.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Guard is often used adjectively or in combination; as,
guard boat or guardboat; guardroom or guard room; guard duty.</p>

<p><col><b>Advanced guard</b></col>, <col><b>Coast guard</b></col>,
etc. <cd>See under <u>Advanced</u>, <u>Coast</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Grand guard</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>one of the posts of
the second line belonging to a system of advance posts of an
army.</cd> <i>Mahan.</i> -- <col><b>Guard boat</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A boat appointed to row the rounds among
ships of war in a harbor, to see that their officers keep a good
lookout.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A boat used by harbor
authorities to enforce the observance of quarantine regulations.</cd>
-- <col><b>Guard cells</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the bordering
cells of stomates; they are crescent-shaped and contain
chlorophyll.</cd> -- <col><b>Guard chamber</b></col>, <cd>a
guardroom.</cd> -- <col><b>Guard detail</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>men from a company regiment etc., detailed for guard duty.</cd> -
- <col><b>Guard duty</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the duty of
watching patrolling, etc., performed by a sentinel or sentinels.</cd>
-- <col><b>Guard lock</b></col> <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>a tide lock at
the mouth of a dock or basin.</cd> -- <col><b>Guard of
honor</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a guard appointed to receive or to
accompany eminent persons.</cd> -- <col><b>Guard rail</b></col>
<i>(Railroads)</i>, <cd>a rail placed on the inside of a main rail,
on bridges, at switches, etc., as a safeguard against
derailment.</cd> -- <col><b>Guard ship</b></col>, <cd>a war vessel
appointed to superintend the marine affairs in a harbor, and also, in
the English service, to receive seamen till they can be distributed
among their respective ships.</cd> -- <col><b>Life guard</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a body of select troops attending the person of a
prince or high officer.</cd> -- <col><b>Off one's guard</b></col>,
<cd>in a careless state; inattentive; unsuspicious of danger.</cd> --
<col><b>On guard</b></col>, <cd>serving in the capacity of a guard;
doing duty as a guard or sentinel; watching.</cd> -- <col><b>On one's
guard</b></col>, <cd>in a watchful state; alert; vigilant.</cd> --
<col><b>To mount guard</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to go on duty as
a guard or sentinel.</cd> -- <col><b>To run the guard</b></col>,
<cd>to pass the watch or sentinel without leave.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Defense; shield; protection; safeguard; convoy;
escort; care; attention; watch; heed.</p>

<p><hw>Guard"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gardable</i>. See <u>Guard</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Capable of being guarded or protected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guard"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>wardage</i>. See <u>Guard</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Wardship</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guard"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>guardant</i>,
<i>p. pr.</i> of <i>guard&?;</i>. See <u>Guard</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Acting as guardian.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Gardant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guard"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A guardian.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guard"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cautious; wary;
circumspect; as, he was <i>guarded</i> in his expressions; framed or
uttered with caution; as, his expressions were <i>guarded</i>.</def>
-- <wf>Guard"edly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Guard"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Guard"en*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Guardianship.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.] " His tuition and guardenage."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guard"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
guards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guard"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The garfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guard"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cautious; wary;
watchful.</def> [Obs. or Poetic.] -- <wf>Guard"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Guard"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>A building which is occupied by the guard, and in which soldiers
are confined for misconduct; hence, a lock-up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guard"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>guardain</i>, <i>gardien</i>, F. <i>gardien</i>, LL.
<i>guardianus</i>. See <u>Guard</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Wasden</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who guards, preserves, or
secures; one to whom any person or thing is committed for protection,
security, or preservation from injury; a warden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who has, or is entitled
to, the custody of the person or property of an infant, a minor
without living parents, or a person incapable of managing his own
affairs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of the several species of <i>guardians</i>, the first
are <i>guardians</i> by nature. -- viz., the father and (in some
cases) the mother of the child.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Guardian ad litem</b></col> (&?;) <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
guardian appointed by a court of justice to conduct a particular
suit.</cd> -- <col><b>Guardians of the poor</b></col>, <cd>the
members of a board appointed or elected to care for the relief of the
poor within a township, or district.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 656 !></p>

<p><hw>Guard"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Performing, or
appropriate to, the office of a protector; as, a <i>guardian</i>
care.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Feast of Guardian Angels</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<cd>a church festival instituted by Pope Paul V., and celebrated on
October 2d.</cd> -- <col><b>Guardian angel</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The particular spiritual being believed in
some branches of the Christian church to have guardianship and
protection of each human being from birth.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Hence, a protector or defender in general.</cd> <i>O. W.
Holmes.</i> -- <col><b>Guardian spirit</b></col>, <cd>in the belief
of many pagan nations, a spirit, often of a deceased relative or
friend, that presides over the interests of a household, a city, or a
region.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Guard"i*an*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Guardianship.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Guard"i*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Guardianship.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Guard"i*an*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
guardian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have placed a trusty, watchful
<i>guardianess</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guard"i*an*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
guardian.</def>  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guard"i*an*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office,
duty, or care, of a guardian; protection; care; watch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guard"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a guard
or defense; unguarded.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guard"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>The room occupied by the guard during its term of duty; also, a
room where prisoners are confined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guards</hw> (g&auml;rdz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A body
of picked troops; as, "The Household <i>Guards.</i>"</def></p>

<p><hw>Guard"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Care;
protection.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guards"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Guardsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
guards; a guard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member, either officer or private, of
any military body called Guards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guar"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>guarir</i>,
<i>garir</i>, F.  <i>gu&eacute;rir</i>.] <def>To heal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gua`te*ma"la grass"</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Teosinte</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gua"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>guayaba</i> the
guava fruit, <i>guayabo</i> the guava tree; prob. fr. the native West
Indian name.] <def>A tropical tree, or its fruit, of the genus
<i>Psidium</i>.  Two varieties are well known, the <i>P.
pyriferum</i>, or <i>white guava</i>, and <i>P. pomiferum</i>, or
<i>red guava</i>.  The fruit or berry is shaped like a pomegranate,
but is much smaller. It is somewhat astringent, but makes a delicious
jelly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gu"ber*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Government.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gu"ber*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gubernatus</i>, p. p. of <i>gubernare</i>. See <u>Govern</u>.]
<def>To govern.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gu"ber*na`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gubernatio</i>.] <def>The act of governing; government</def>
[Obs.]  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gu"ber*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Governing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gu"ber*na*to`ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
gubernator governor. See <u>Gabernate</u>.] <def>Pertaining to a
governor, or to government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gud"geon</hw> (g&ubreve;j"&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>gojon</i>, F. <i>goujon</i>, from L. <i>gobio</i>, or
<i>gobius</i>, Gr.  <grk>kwbio`s</grk> Cf.  <u>1st Goby</u>. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small European
freshwater fish (<i>Gobio fluviatilis</i>), allied to the carp. It is
easily caught and often used for food and for bait. In America the
killifishes or minnows are often called <i>gudgeons.</i></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>What may be got without skill or
merit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fish not, with this melancholy bait,<BR>
For this fool <i>gudgeon</i>, this opinion.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person easily duped or cheated.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The pin of iron fastened in
the end of a wooden shaft or axle, on which it turns; formerly, any
journal, or pivot, or bearing, as the pintle and eye of a hinge, but
esp. the end journal of a horizontal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A metal eye or socket
attached to the sternpost to receive the pintle of the
rudder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ball gudgeon</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Ball</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gud"geon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive
fraudulently; to cheat; to dupe; to impose upon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To be <i>gudgeoned</i> of the opportunities which had
been given you.</blockquote> <i>Sir IV. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharper; a
rogue.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Webstar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gue"ber</hw> <hw>Gue"bre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Gheber</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guel"der*rose'</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Supposed to be
brought from <i>Guelderland</i>; hence, D. <i>Geldersche roos</i>, G.
<i>Gelderische rose</i>, F. <i>rose de Gueldre</i>, It. <i>rose di
Gueldra</i>, Sp. <i>rosa de Gueldres</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
cultivated variety of a species of <i>Viburnum</i> (<i>V.
Opulus</i>), bearing large bunches of white flowers; -- called also
<i>snowball tree</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Guelph</hw>, <hw>Guelf</hw>  } (gw&ebreve;lf),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>Guelfo</i>, from <i>Welf</i>, the name
of a German family.] <i>(Hist.)</i> <def>One of a faction in Germany
and Italy, in the 12th and 13th centuries, which supported the House
of Guelph and the pope, and opposed the Ghibellines, or faction of
the German emperors.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Guelph"ic</hw>, <hw>Guelf"ic</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the family or the
faction of the Guelphs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Guenon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several long-tailed Oriental monkeys,
of the genus <i>Cercocebus</i>, as the green monkey and
grivet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gue`parde"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gu&eacute;pard</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
cheetah.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guer"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>guerdon</i>,
<i>guerredon</i>, LL. <i>widerdonum</i> (influenced by L.
<i>donum</i> gift, cf. <u>Donation</u> ), fr. OHG.
<i>widarl&omacr;n</i>; <i>widar</i> again, against (G. <i>wider</i>
<i>wieder</i>) + <i>l&omacr;n</i> reward, G. <i>lohn</i>, akin to AS.
<i>le&aacute;n</i> Goth. <i>laun</i>. See <u>Withers</u>.] <def>A
reward; requital; recompense;  -- used in both a good and a bad
sense.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So young as to regard men's frown or smile<BR>
As loss or <i>guerdon</i> of a glorious lot.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall, by thy revenging hand, at once receive the
just <i>guerdon</i> of all his former villainies.</blockquote>
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guer"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. guerdonner,
guerredonner. See <u>Guerdon</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To give
guerdon to; to reward; to be a recompense for.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Him we gave a costly bribe<BR>
To <i>guerdon</i> silence.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guer"don*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>guerredonable</i>.] <def>Worthy of reward.</def>  <i>Sir G.
Buck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guer"don*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without reward
or guerdon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gue*re"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A beautiful Abyssinian monkey (<i>Colobus guereza</i>), having
the body black, with a fringe of long, silky, white hair along the
sides, and a tuft of the same at the end of the tail.  The frontal
band, cheeks, and chin are white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gue*ril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Guerrilla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guer"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gu&eacute;rite</i>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A projecting turret for a
sentry, as at the salient angles of works, or the acute angles of
bastions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guern"sey lil"y</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A South African
plant (<i>Nerine Sarniensis</i>) with handsome lilylike flowers,
naturalized on the island of Guernsey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guer*ril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., lit., a
little war, skirmish, dim. of <i>guerra</i> war, fr. OHG.
<i>werra</i> discord, strife. See <u>War</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An irregular mode of carrying on war, by the constant attacks of
independent bands, adopted in the north of Spain during the
Peninsular war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who carries on, or assists in carrying
on, irregular warfare; especially, a member of an independent band
engaged in predatory excursions in war time.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>guerrilla</i> is the diminutive of the Spanish
word <i>guerra</i>, war, and means <i>petty war</i>, that is, war
carried on by detached parties; generally in the mountains.  . . . A
guerrilla party means, an irregular band of armed men, carrying on an
irregular war, not being able, according to their character as a
guerrilla party, to carry on what the law terms a <i>regular war</i>.
<i>F. Lieder.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Guer*ril"la</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
engaged in, warfare carried on irregularly and by independent bands;
as, a <i>guerrilla</i> party; <i>guerrilla</i> warfare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guess</hw> (g&ebreve;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Guessed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Guessing</u>.] [OE. <i>gessen</i>; akin to Dan.
<i>gisse</i>, Sw. <i>gissa</i>, Icel. <i>gizha</i>, D. <i>gissen</i>:
cf. Dan. <i>giette</i> to guess, Icel. <i>geta</i> to get, to guess.
Probably originally, to try to get, and akin to E. <i>get</i>. See
<u>Get</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form an opinion concerning,
without knowledge or means of knowledge; to judge of at random; to
conjecture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>First, if thou canst, the harder reason
<i>guess</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To judge or form an opinion of, from
reasons that seem preponderating, but are not decisive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We may then <i>guess</i> how far it was from his
design.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of ambushed men, whom, by their arms and dress,<BR>
To be Taxallan enemies I <i>guess</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To solve by a correct conjecture; to
conjecture rightly; as, he who <i>guesses</i> the riddle shall have
the ring; he has <i>guessed</i> my designs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hit upon or reproduce by memory.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tell me their words, as near as thou canst
<i>guess</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To think; to suppose; to believe; to
imagine; --  followed by an objective clause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not all together; better far, I <i>guess</i>,<BR>
That we do make our entrance several ways.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But in known images of life I <i>guess</i><BR>
The labor greater.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conjecture; suppose; surmise; suspect; divine;
think; imagine; fancy.  -- <u>To Guess</u>, <u>Think</u>,
<u>Reckon</u>. <i>Guess</i> denotes, to attempt to hit upon at
random; as, to <i>guess</i> at a thing when blindfolded; to
conjecture or form an opinion on hidden or very slight grounds: as,
to <i>guess</i> a riddle; to <i>guess</i> out the meaning of an
obscure passage. The use of the word <i>guess</i> for think or
believe, although abundantly sanctioned by good English authors, is
now regarded as antiquated and objectionable by discriminating
writers. It may properly be branded as a colloguialism and vulgarism
when used respecting a purpose or a thing about which there is no
uncertainty; as, I <i>guess</i> I 'll go to bed.</p>

<p><hw>Guess</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a guess or
random judgment; to conjecture; -- with at, about, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the place, as well as I may
<i>guess</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An opinion as to
anything, formed without sufficient or decisive evidence or grounds;
an attempt to hit upon the truth by a random judgment; a conjecture;
a surmise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A poet must confess<BR>
His art 's like physic -- but a happy <i>guess</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guess"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being guessed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guess"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who guesses;
one who forms or gives an opinion without means of knowing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guess"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
conjecture.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guess"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Conjectural.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guess" rope"</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A guess
warp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guess" warp"</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope or hawser by
which a vessel is towed or warped along; -- so called because it is
necessary to guess at the length to be carried in the boat making the
attachment to a distant object.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guess"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work
performed, or results obtained, by guess; conjecture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guest</hw> (g&ebreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>gest</i>, AS. <i>g&aelig;st</i>, <i>gest</i>; akin to OS., D., &
G. <i>gast</i>, Icel. <i>gestr</i>, Sw. <i>g&auml;st</i>, Dan.
<i>Gj&auml;st</i>, Goth. <i>gasts</i>, Russ. <i>goste</i>, and to L.
<i>hostis</i> enemy, stranger; the meaning <i>stranger</i> is the
older one, but the root is unknown.  Cf. <u>Host</u> an army,
<u>Hostile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A visitor; a person received
and entertained in one's house or at one's table; a visitor
entertained without pay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To cheer his <i>guests</i>, whom he had stayed that
night.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>True friendship's laws are by this rule exprest.<BR>
Welcome the coming, speed the parting <i>guest</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guest</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To receive or
entertain hospitably.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guest</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be, or act the
part of, a guest.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And tell me, best of princes, who he was<BR>
That <i>guested</i> here so late.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guest" rope"</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The line by which a
boat makes fast to the swinging boom.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guest"wise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of a guest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gue"vi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several very small species and varieties of African
antelopes, of the genus <i>Cephalophus</i>, as the Cape <i>guevi</i>
or kleeneboc (<i>Cephalophus pygm&aelig;a</i>); -- called also
<i>pygmy antelope</i>.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Guf*faw"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A loud burst of
laughter; a horse laugh.</def> "A hearty low <i>guffaw</i>."
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guf"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The eelpout; guffer eel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gug"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gurgle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guhr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>A loose, earthy
deposit from water, found in the cavities or clefts of rocks, mostly
white, but sometimes red or yellow, from a mixture of clay or
ocher.</def>  <i>P. Cleaveland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gui"ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Guaiac</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gui"a*col</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Guiac</i> + <i>-
ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless liquid,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.OCH<sub>3</sub>.OH, resembling the
phenols, found as a constituent of woodtar creosote, and produced by
the dry distillation of guaiac resin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gui"a*cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Guaiacum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
West African antelope  (<i>Tragelaphus scriptus</i>), curiously
marked with white stripes and spots on a reddish fawn ground, and
hence called <i>harnessed antelope</i>; -- called also
<i>guiba.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>||Gui"co*war</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>[Mahratta
<i>g&amacr;ekw&amacr;r</i>, prop., a cowherd.]  The title of the
sovereign of Guzerat, in Western India; -- generally called the
<i>Guicowar of Baroda</i>, which is the capital of the
country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guid"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being guided; willing to be guided or counseled.</def>
<i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guid"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <i>Guide</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The reward given to a guide for
services.</def> [R.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Guidance; lead; direction.</def> [R.]
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guid"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Guide</u>.]
<def>The act or result of guiding; the superintendence or assistance
of a guide; direction; government; a leading.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> His studies were without <i>guidance</i> and without
plan.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guide</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Guided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.  &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Guiding</u>.] [OE. <i>guiden</i>, <i>gyden</i>, F. <i>guiaer</i>,
It.  <i>guidare</i>; prob. of Teutonic origin; cf. Goth. <i>ritan</i>
to watch over, give heed to, Icel. <i>viti</i> signal, AS. witan to
know. The word prob. meant, to indicate, point to, and hence, to show
the way.  Cf. <u>Wit</u>, <u>Guy</u> a rope, <u>Gye.</u>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lead or direct in a way; to conduct in
a course or path; to pilot; as, to <i>guide</i> a traveler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I wish . . . you 'ld <i>guide</i> me to your
sovereign's court.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To regulate and manage; to direct; to
order; to superintend the training or education of; to instruct and
influence intellectually or morally; to train.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will <i>guide</i> his affairs with
discretion.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The meek will he guide in judgment.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xxv. 9.  </i></p>

<p><hw>Guide</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>giae</i>, F.
<i>guide</i>, It. <i>guida</i>. See <u>Guide</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person who leads or directs
another in his way or course, as in a strange land; one who exhibits
points of interest to strangers; a conductor; also, that which
guides; a guidebook.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, directs another in
his conduct or course of life; a director; a regulator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will be our <i>guide</i>, even unto
death.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xlviii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any contrivance, especially one having a
directing edge, surface, or channel, for giving direction to the
motion of anything, as water, an instrument, or part of a machine, or
for directing the hand or eye, as of an operator</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Water Wheels)</i> <def>A blade or channel for
directing the flow of water to the wheel buckets.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Surgery)</i> <def>A grooved director for a
probe or knife.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Printing)</i> <def>A
strip or device to direct the compositor's eye to the line of copy he
is setting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A noncommissioned officer or
soldier placed on the directing flank of each subdivision of a column
of troops, or at the end of a line, to mark the pivots, formations,
marches, and alignments in tactics.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Guide bar</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>the part of a
steam engine on which the crosshead slides, and by which the motion
of the piston rod is kept parallel to the cylinder, being a
substitute for the parallel motion; -- called also <i>guide</i>, and
<i>slide bar</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Guide block</b></col> <i>(Steam
Engine)</i>, <cd>a block attached in to the crosshead to work in
contact with the guide bar.</cd> --  <col><b>Guide
meridian</b></col>. <i>(Surveying)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Meridian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Guide pile</b></col>
<i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>a pile driven to mark a place, as a point to
work to.</cd> -- <col><b>Guide pulley</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
pulley for directing or changing the line of motion of belt; an
idler.</cd> <i>Knight.</i>  -- <col><b>Guide rail</b></col>
<i>(Railroads)</i>, <cd>an additional rail, between the others,
gripped by horizontal driving wheels on the locomotive, as a means of
propulsion on steep gradients.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Guide"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A board, as
upon a guidepost having upon it directions or information as to the
road.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guide"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book of
directions and information for travelers, tourists, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guide"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
guide.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guide"post`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A post at the
fork of a road, with a guideboard on it, to direct
travelers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A guide; a
director.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guid"er*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
guide.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guid"guid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South American ant bird of the genus <i>Hylactes</i>; --
called also <i>barking bird</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gui"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>guidon</i>, It.
<i>guidone</i>. See <u>Guide</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small flag or streamer, as that carried by
cavalry, which is broad at one end and nearly pointed at the other,
or that used to direct the movements of a body of infantry, or to
make signals at sea; also, the flag of a guild or fraternity. In the
United States service, each company of cavalry has a
guidon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pendants and <i>guidons</i> were carried by the
officer of the army.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><! p. 657 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who carries a flag.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of a community established at Rome, by
Charlemagne, to guide pilgrims to the Holy Land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guige</hw> (g&ibreve;j <i>or</i> g&emacr;j),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See <u>Gige</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guild</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gilds</i>, AS.
<i>gild</i>, <i>gield</i>, <i>geld</i>, tribute, a society or company
where payment was made for its charge and support, fr. AS. gildan,
gieldan, to pay. See <u>Yield</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An association of men belonging to the same
class, or engaged in kindred pursuits, formed for mutual aid and
protection; a business fraternity or corporation; as, the Stationers'
<i>Guild</i>; the Ironmongers' <i>Guild</i>. They were originally
licensed by the government, and endowed with special privileges and
authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A guildhall.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A religious association or society,
organized for charitable purposes or for assistance in parish
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guild"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to a
tax.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Guil"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>gulden</i>,
orig., <i>golden</i>.  Cf. <u>Golden</u>.] <def>A Dutch silver coin
worth about forty cents; -- called also <i>florin</i> and
<i>gulden</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guild"hall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hall where
a guild or corporation usually assembles; a townhall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>guile</i>,
<i>gile</i>, OF. <i>guile</i>; of German origin, and the same word as
E. <i>wile</i>. See <u>Wile</u>.] <def>Craft; deceitful cunning;
artifice; duplicity; wile; deceit; treachery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold an Israelite indeed, in whom is no
<i>guile</i>.</blockquote> <i>John i. 47.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To wage by force or <i>guile</i> eternal
war.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guile</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>guiler</i>. See
<u>Guile</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To disguise or conceal; to
deceive or delude.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guile"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of guile;
characterized by cunning, deceit, or treachery; guilty.</def> --
<wf>Guile"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Guile"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Guile"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from guile;
artless.</def> -- <wf>Guile"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<wf>Guile"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Guil"er</hw> (g&imacr;l"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
OF. <i>guileor</i>.] <def>A deceiver; one who deludes, or uses
guile.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Guil"le*met`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
quotation mark.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Guil"le*mot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several northern sea birds, allied to
the auks. They have short legs, placed far back, and are expert
divers and swimmers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common guillemots, or murres, belong to the genus
<i>Uria</i> (as <i>U. troile</i>); the black or foolish guillemot
(<i>Cepphus grylle</i>, formerly <i>Uria grylle</i>), is called also
<i>sea pigeon</i> and <i>eligny</i>. See <u>Murre</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Guil`le*vat"</hw> (-v&abreve;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>guilloire</i> (fr. <i>guiller</i> to work, ferment) + E.
<i>vat</i>.] <def>A vat for fermenting liquors.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Guil"loche`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>guillochis</i>; -- said to be fr. <i>Guillot</i>, the inventor of
a machine for carving it.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament in the
form of two or more bands or strings twisted over each other in a
continued series, leaving circular openings which are filled with
round ornaments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guil*loched"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Waved or
engine-turned.</def>  <i>Mollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guil"lo*tine`</hw> (g&ibreve;l"l&osl;*t&emacr;n`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from <i>Guillotin</i>, a French physician,
who proposed, in the Constituent Assembly of 1789, to abolish
decapitation with the ax or sword. The instrument was invented by Dr.
Antoine Louis, and was called at first <i>Louison</i> or
<i>Louisette</i>. Similar machines, however, were known earlier.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A machine for beheading a person by one
stroke of a heavy ax or blade, which slides in vertical guides, is
raised by a cord, and let fall upon the neck of the victim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any machine or instrument for cutting or
shearing, resembling in its action a guillotine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guil"lo*tine`</hw> (g&ibreve;l`l&osl;*t&emacr;n"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Guillotined</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Guillotining</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>guillotiner</i>.] <def>To behead with the guillotine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guilt</hw> (g&ibreve;lt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>gilt</i>, <i>gult</i>, AS. <i>gylt</i>, crime; probably originally
signifying, the fine or mulct paid for an offence, and afterward the
offense itself, and akin to AS. <i>gieldan</i> to pay, E.
<i>yield</i>. See <u>Yield</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The criminality and consequent exposure to
punishment resulting from willful disobedience of law, or from
morally wrong action; the state of one who has broken a moral or
political law; crime; criminality; offense against right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Satan had not answer, but stood struck<BR>
With <i>guilt</i> of his own sin.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exposure to any legal penalty or
forfeiture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A ship incurs <i>guilt</i> by the violation of a
blockade.</blockquote> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guilt"i*ly</hw> (g&ibreve;lt"&ibreve;*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a guilty manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guilt"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being guilty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guilt"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Free from guilt; innocent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord will not hold him <i>guiltless</i> that
taketh his name in vain.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xx. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without experience or trial; unacquainted
(with).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such gardening tools, as art, yet rude,<BR>
Guiltless of fire, had formed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Guilt"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Guilt"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Guilt"-sick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made sick by
consciousness of guilt.</def> "A <i>guilt-sick</i> conscience."
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guilt"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Gultier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Guiltiest</u>.] [AS. <i>gyltig</i>
liable. See <u>Guilt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having incurred
guilt; criminal; morally delinquent; wicked; chargeable with, or
responsible for, something censurable; justly exposed to penalty; --
used with <i>of</i>, and usually followed by the crime, sometimes by
the punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They answered and said, He is <i>guilty</i> of
death.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxvi. 66.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor he, nor you, were <i>guilty</i> of the
strife.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evincing or indicating guilt; involving
guilt; as, a <i>guilty</i> look; a <i>guilty</i> act; a <i>guilty</i>
feeling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Conscious; cognizant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Condemned to payment.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guilt"y*like`</hw> (-l&ibreve;k`), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Guiltily.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guin"ea</hw> (g&ibreve;n"&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A district on the west coast of Africa
(formerly noted for its export of gold and slaves) after which the
<i>Guinea fowl</i>, <i>Guinea grass</i>, <i>Guinea peach</i>, etc.,
are named.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gold coin of England current for twenty-
one shillings sterling, or about five dollars, but not coined since
the issue of sovereigns in 1817.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The guinea, so called from the Guinea gold out of
which it<BR>
was first struck, was proclaimed in 1663, and to go for twenty
shillings; but it never went for less than twenty-one
shillings.</blockquote> <i>Pinkerton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Guinea corn</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Durra</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Guinea Current</b></col>
<i>(Geog.)</i>, <cd>a current in the Atlantic Ocean setting
southwardly into the Bay of Benin on the coast of Guinea.</cd> --
<col><b>Guinea dropper</b></col><cd> one who cheats by dropping
counterfeit guineas.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Gay.</i> -- <col><b>Guinea
fowl</b></col>, <col><b>Guinea hen</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an African gallinaceous bird, of the genus <i>Numida</i>, allied
to the pheasants. The common domesticated species (<i>N.
meleagris</i>), has a colored fleshy horn on each aide of the head,
and is of a dark gray color, variegated with small white spots. The
crested Guinea fowl (<i>N. cristata</i>) is a finer species.</cd> --
<col><b>Guinea grains</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>grains of
Paradise, or amomum. See <u>Amomum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Guinea
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tall strong forage grass
(<i>Panicum jumentorum</i>) introduced. from Africa into the West
Indies and Southern United States.</cd> -- <col><b>Guinea-hen
flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a liliaceous flower
(<i>Fritillaria Meleagris</i>) with petals spotted like the feathers
of the Guinea hen.</cd> -- <col><b>Guinea peach</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Peach</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Guinea pepper</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the pods of the <i>Xylopia aromatica</i>, a tree
of the order <i>Anonace&aelig;</i>, found in tropical West Africa.
They are also sold under the name of <i>Piper
&AElig;thiopicum</i>.</cd> --<col><b>Guinea pig</b></col>. [Prob. a
mistake for <i>Guiana pig</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A small Brazilian rodent (<i>Cavia
cobaya</i>), about seven inches in length and usually of a white
color, with spots of orange and black.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
contemptuous sobriquet.</cd> <i>Smollett</i> -- <col><b>Guinea
plum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the fruit of <i>Parinarium
excelsum</i>, a large West African tree of the order
<i>Chrysobalane&aelig;</i>, having a scarcely edible fruit somewhat
resembling a plum, which is also called <i>gray plum</i> and
<i>rough-skin plum</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Guinea worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a long and slender African nematoid worm
(<i>Filaria Medinensis</i>) of a white color. It lives in the
cellular tissue of man, beneath the skin, and produces painful
sores.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gui*pure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A term used
for lace of different kinds; most properly for a lace of large
pattern and heavy material which has no ground or mesh, but has the
pattern held together by connecting threads called <i>bars</i> or
<i>brides</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guir"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Garland</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>guise</i>,
<i>gise</i>, way, manner, F. <i>guise</i>, fr. OHG.
<i>w&imacr;sa</i>, G. <i>weise</i>. See <u>Wise</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Customary way of
speaking or acting; custom; fashion; manner; behavior; mien; mode;
practice; -- often used formerly in such phrases as: at his own
<i>guise</i>; that is, in his own fashion, to suit himself.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The swain replied, "It never was our <i>guise</i><BR>
To slight the poor, or aught humane despise."</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>External appearance in manner or dress;
appropriate indication or expression; garb; shape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As then the <i>guise</i> was for each gentle
swain.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A . . . specter, in a far more terrific <i>guise</i>
than any which<BR>
ever yet have overpowered the imagination.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cover; cloak; as, under the <i>guise</i>
of patriotism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guis"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Guise</u>.]
<def>A person in disguise; a masker; a mummer.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Gui*tar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>guitare</i>;
cf. Pr., Sp., &amp; Pg. <i>guitarra</i>, It. <i>chitarra</i>; all fr. Gr.
&?;; cf. L. <i>cithara</i>.  Cf. <u>Cittern</u>, <u>Gittern</u>.]
<def>A stringed instrument of music resembling the lute or the
violin, but larger, and having six strings, three of silk covered
with silver wire, and three of catgut, -- played upon with the
fingers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guit"guit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
note.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species of small
tropical American birds of the family <i>C&oelig;rebid&aelig;</i>,
allied to the creepers; -- called also <i>quit</i>. See
<u>Quit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gu"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Gul&AElig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Gulas</b></plw> (#).
[L., the throat, gullet.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The upper front of the neck, next to the
chin; the upper throat.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A plate which
in most insects supports the submentum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A capping molding. Same as
<u>Cymatium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gu"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>gulaire</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the gula or throat; as,
<i>gular</i> plates. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bird</u>, and
<u>Bowfin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gu"laund</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>gul-
&ouml;nd</i>.] <def>An arctic sea bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gulch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act of gulching or gulping.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A glutton.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A ravine, or part of the deep bed of a
torrent when dry; a gully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gulch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gulchen</i>; cf.
dial. Sw. <i>g&ouml;lka</i> to <i>gulch</i>, D. <i>gulzig</i> greedy,
or E. <i>gulp</i>.] <def>To swallow greedily; to gulp down.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Guld</hw> (g&ubreve;ld), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flower.
See <u>Gold</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gul"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Guilder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gule</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give the color
of gules to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The throat; the
gullet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Throats so wide and <i>gules</i> so
gluttonous.</blockquote> <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gules</hw> (g&umacr;lz), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>goules</i>, F. <i>gueules</i>, the same word as <i>gueule</i>
throat, OF. <i>gole</i>, <i>goule</i>, L. <i>gula</i>. So named from
the red color of the throat. See <u>Gullet</u>, and cf. <u>Gula</u>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>The tincture red, indicated in seals and engraved
figures of escutcheons by parallel vertical lines. Hence, used
poetically for a red color or that which is red.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His sev'n-fold targe a field of <i>gules</i> did
stain<BR>
In which two swords he bore; his word,<BR>
"Divide and reign."</blockquote> <i>P. Fletcher. </i></p>

<p><blockquote>Follow thy drum;<BR>
With man's blood paint the ground; <i>gules</i>,
<i>gules</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let's march to rest and set in <i>gules</i>, like
suns.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gulf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>golfe</i>, It.
<i>golfo</i>, fr. Gr. <i>&?;</i> bosom, bay, gulf, LGr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hollow place in the earth; an abyss; a deep
chasm or basin,</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He then surveyed<BR>
Hell and the <i>gulf</i> between.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Between us and you there is a great gulf
fixed.</blockquote> <i>Luke xvi. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which swallows; the gullet.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which swallows irretrievably; a
whirlpool; a sucking eddy.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>gulf</i> of ruin, swallowing gold.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A portion of an ocean or
sea extending into the land; a partially land-locked sea; as, the
<i>Gulf</i> of Mexico.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A large deposit of ore in
a lode.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gulf Stream</b></col> <i>(Geog.)</i>, <cd>the warm ocean
current of the North Atlantic.</cd> It originates in the westward
equatorial current, due to the trade winds, is deflected northward by
Cape St. Roque through the Gulf of Mexico, and flows parallel to the
coast of North America, turning eastward off the island of Nantucket.
Its average rate of flow is said to be about two miles an hour. The
similar Japan current, or <i>Kuro-Siwo</i>, is sometimes called the
<i>Gulf Stream</i> of the Pacific. -- <col><b>Gulf weed</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a branching seaweed (<i>Sargassum bacciferum</i>,
or sea grape), having numerous berrylike air vessels, -- found in the
Gulf Stream, in the Sargasso Sea, and elsewhere.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gulf"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of whirlpools
or gulfs.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gul"gul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>galgal</i>.]
<def>A cement made in India from sea shells, pulverized and mixed
with oil, and spread over a ship's bottom, to prevent the boring of
worms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gu"list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gulo</i>.]
<def>A glutton.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gull</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gulled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gulling</u>.] [Prob. fr. <i>gull</i> the bird; but cf. OSw.
<i>gylla</i> to deceive, D. <i>kullen</i>, and E.
<i>cullibility</i>.] <def>To deceive; to cheat; to mislead; to trick;
to defraud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rulgar, <i>gulled</i> into rebellion,
armed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'm not <i>gulling</i> him for the emperor's
service.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
cheating or cheat; trick; fraud.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One easily cheated; a dupe.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Celtic origin; cf. Corn.
<i>gullan</i>, W. <i>gwylan</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
many species of long-winged sea birds of the genus <i>Larus</i> and
allied genera.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the best known American species are the herring gull
(<i>Larus argentatus</i>), the great black-backed gull (<i>L.
murinus</i>) the laughing gull (<i>L. atricilla</i>), and Bonaparte's
gull (<i>L. Philadelphia</i>). The common European gull is <i>Larus
canus</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Gull teaser</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the jager;
-- also applied to certain species of terns.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gull"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of being
gulled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Had you no quirk.<BR>
To avoid <i>gullage</i>, sir, by such a creature?</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson</i></p>

<p><hw>Gull"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gulls; a
deceiver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gull"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An act, or the
practice, of gulling; trickery; fraud.</def> [R.]  "A mere
<i>gullery</i>."  <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gul"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>golet</i>, OF.
<i>Goulet</i>, dim. of <i>gole</i>, <i>goule</i>, <i>throat</i>, F.
<i>gueule</i>, L. <i>gula</i>; perh. akin to Skr. <i>gula</i>, G.
<i>kenle</i>; cf. F. <i>goulet</i> the neck of a bottle,
<i>goulotte</i> channel gutter.  Cf. <u>Gules</u>, <u>Gully</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The tube by which food and
drink are carried from the pharynx to the stomach; the
esophagus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something shaped like the food passage, or
performing similar functions</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
channel for water.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>A
preparatory cut or channel in excavations, of sufficient width for
the passage of earth wagons.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
concave cut made in the teeth of some saw blades.</def></p>

<p><! p. 658 !></p>

<p><hw>Gul"let*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Engin.)</i>
<def>A system of excavating by means of gullets or
channels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gul"li*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily gulled;
that may be duped.</def> -- <wf>Gul"li*bii`i*ty</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gull"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foolish;
stupid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><wf>Gull"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gul"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gulles</b></plw> (#). [<i>Etymol</i>. <i>uncertain</i>]
<def>A large knife.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gul"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gullies</b></plw> (#). [<i>Formerly gullet</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A channel or hollow worn in the earth by a
current of water; a short deep portion of a torrent's bed when
dry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grooved iron rail or tram plate.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Gully gut</b></col>, <cd>a glutton.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i> -- <col><b>Gully hole</b></col>, <cd>the opening
through which gutters discharge surface water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gul"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gullied</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp;  vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gullying</u>.] <def>To wear into a gully or into
gullies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gul"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flow
noisily.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gu*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gulositas</i>, fr. <i>gulosus</i> gluttonous. See <u>Gullet</u>.]
<def>Excessive appetite; greediness; voracity.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gulp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gulped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gulping</u>.] [D. <i>gulpen</i>, cf. OD. <i>golpe gulf</i>.]
<def>To swallow eagerly, or in large draughts; to swallow up; to take
down at one swallow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He does not swallow, but he <i>gulps</i> it
down.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The old man . . . glibly <i>gulped</i> down the whole
narrative.</blockquote> <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To gulp up</b></col>, <cd>to throw up from the stomach; to
disgorge.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gulp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of taking a large mouthful; a swallow, or as much as is awallowed
at once.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disgorging.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gulph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Gulf</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gult</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Guilt. See
<u>Guilt</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gult"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Guilty.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gul"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
gules; red.</def> "Those fatal <i>guly</i> dragons."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gome</i>, AS.
<i>gama</i> palate; akin Co G. g<i>aumen</i>, OHG. <i>goumo</i>,
<i>guomo</i>, Icel. <i>g&?;mr</i>, Sw.  <i>gom</i>; cf. Gr. &?; to
gape.] <def>The dense tissues which invest the teeth, and cover the
adjacent parts of the jaws.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gum rash</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>strophulus in a
teething child; red gum.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum stick</b></col>, <cd>a
smooth hard substance for children to bite upon while
teething.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gum</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deepen and enlarge
the spaces between the teeth of (a worn saw). See
<u>Gummer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gomme</i>,
<i>gumme</i>, F. <i>gomme</i>, L. <i>gummi</i> and commis, fr. Gr.
&?;, prob. from an Egyptian form <i>kam&?;</i>; cf. It.
<u>gomma</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vegetable secretion of many
trees or plants that hardens when it exudes, but is soluble in water;
as, <i>gum</i> arabic; <i>gum</i> tragacanth; the <i>gum</i> of the
cherry tree. Also, with less propriety, exudations that are not
soluble in water; as, <i>gum</i> copal and <i>gum</i> sandarac, which
are really resins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Gum tree</u>,
<u>below</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hive made of a section of a hollow gum
tree; hence, any roughly made hive; also, a vessel or bin made of a
hollow log.</def> [Southern U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A rubber overshoe.</def> [Local, U.
S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Black gum</b></col>, <col><b>Blue gum</b></col>,
<col><b>British gum</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>Black</u>,
<u>Blue</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum Acaroidea</b></col>, <cd>the
resinous gum of the Australian grass tree
(<i>Xanlhorrh&oelig;a</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Gum animal</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the galago of West Africa; -- so called
because it feeds on gums. See <u>Galago</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum
animi or anim&eacute;</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Anim&eacute;</u>.</cd>  -
- <col><b>Gum arabic</b></col><cd>, a gum yielded mostly by several
species of <i>Acacia</i> (chiefly <i>A. vera</i> and <i>A.
Arabica</i>) growing in Africa and Southern Asia; -- called also
<i>gum acacia</i>. East Indian gum arabic comes from a tree of the
Orange family which bears the elephant apple.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum
butea</b></col>, <cd>a gum yielded by the Indian plants <i>Butea
frondosa</i> and <i>B. superba</i>, and used locally in tanning and
in precipitating indigo.</cd> --  <col><b>Gum cistus</b></col>, <cd>a
plant of the genus <i>Cistus</i> (<i>Cistus ladaniferus</i>), a
species of rock rose.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum dragon</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Tragacanth</u>.</cd>  -- <col><b>Gum elastic</b></col>,
<col><b>Elastic gum</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Caoutchouc</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Gum elemi</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Elemi</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Gum juniper</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Sandarac</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Gum kino</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Kino</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Gum lac</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Lac</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum
Ladanum</b></col><cd>, a fragrant gum yielded by several Oriental
species of Cistus or rock rose.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum
passages</b></col>, <cd>sap receptacles extending through the
parenchyma of certain plants (<i>Amygdalace&aelig;</i>,
<i>Cactace&aelig;</i>, etc.), and affording passage for gum.</cd> --
<col><b>Gum pot</b></col><cd>, a varnish maker's utensil for melting
gum and mixing other ingredients.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum
resin</b></col>, <cd>the milky juice of a plant solidified by
exposure to air; one of certain inspissated saps, mixtures of, or
having properties of, gum and resin; a resin containing more or less
mucilaginous and gummy matter.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum
sandarac</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Sandarac</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum
Senegal</b></col><cd>, a gum similar to gum arabic, yielded by trees
(<i>Acacia Verek</i> and <i>A. Adansoni&auml;</i>) growing in the
Senegal country, West Africa.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum
tragacanth</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Tragacanth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum
tree</b></col>, <cd>the name given to several trees in America and
Australia</cd>: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The black gum (<i>Nyssa
multiflora</i>), one of the largest trees of the Southern States,
bearing a small blue fruit, the favorite food of the opossum.</cd>
Most of the large trees become hollow. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A tree
of the genus <i>Eucalyptus.</i></cd> See <u>Eucalpytus.</u>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The sweet gum tree of the United States
(<i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i>), a large and beautiful tree with
pointedly lobed leaves and woody burlike fruit. It exudes an aromatic
terebinthine juice.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum water</b></col>, <cd>a
solution of gum, esp. of gum arabic, in water.</cd> -- <col><b>Gum
wood</b></col>, <cd>the wood of any gum tree, esp. the wood of the
<i>Eucalyptus piperita</i>, of New South Wales.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gum</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gummed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gumming</u>.] <def>To smear with gum; to close with gum; to unite
or stiffen by gum or a gumlike substance; to make sticky with a
gumlike substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He frets like a <i>gummed</i> velvet.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gum</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To exude or from gum;
to become gummy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gum"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>gombo</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A soup thickened with the
mucilaginous pods of the okra; okra soup.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The okra plant or its pods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gum"boil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
small suppurating inflamed spot on the gum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gum"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gummata</b></plw> (#). [NL. So called from its gummy contents
See <u>Gum</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of soft tumor, usually of
syphilitic origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gum*ma"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Belonging to, or resembling, gumma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gum"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>2d Gum</u>.]
<def>A punch-cutting tool, or machine for deepening and enlarging the
spaces between the teeth of a worn saw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gum*mif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. gummi
<i>gum</i>  + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing gum; gum-
bearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gum"mi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being gummy; viscousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gum"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because it
occurs in rounded or flattened pieces which look like gum.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A yellow amorphous mineral, essentially a hydrated
oxide of uranium derived from the alteration of uraninite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gum*mos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gumminess; a
viscous or adhesive quality or nature.</def> [R.]  <i>Floyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gum"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gummosus</i>;
cf. F.  <i>gommeux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Gumlike, or composed
of gum; gummy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
gumma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gum"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Compar. <u>Gummer</u>
(&?;); superl. <u>Gummirst</u>.] <def>Consisting of gum; viscous;
adhesive; producing or containing gum; covered with gum or a
substance resembling gum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kindles the <i>gummy</i> bark of fir or
pine.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then rubs his <i>gummy</i> eyes.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gummy tumor</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a gumma.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gump</hw> (g&ubreve;mp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>gump</i> buttocks, rump, Icel. <i>gumpr</i>.] <def>A dolt; a
dunce.</def> [Low.]  <i>Holloway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gump"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gom</i>,
<i>gome</i>, attention; akin to AS. <i>ge&oacute;mian</i>,
<i>gyman</i>, to regard, observe, <i>gyme</i> care, OS. <i>gomean</i>
to heed, Goth. <i>gaumjan</i> to see, notice.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capacity; shrewdness; common sense.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One does not have <i>gumption</i> till one has been
properly cheated.</blockquote> <i>Lord Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
art of preparing colors.</def> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Megilp.</def> <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gun</hw> (g&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gonne</i>,
<i>gunne</i>; of uncertain origin; cf. Ir., Gael., &amp; LL.
<i>gunna</i>, W. <i>gum</i>; possibly (like cannon) fr. L.
<i>canna</i> reed, tube; or abbreviated fr. OF. <i>mangonnel</i>, E.
<i>mangonel</i>, a machine for hurling stones.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A weapon which throws or propels a missile to a distance; any
firearm or instrument for throwing projectiles by the explosion of
gunpowder, consisting of a tube or barrel closed at one end, in which
the projectile is placed, with an explosive charge behind, which is
ignited by various means. Muskets, rifles, carbines, and fowling
pieces are smaller guns, for hand use, and are called <i>small
arms</i>.  Larger guns are called <i>cannon</i>, <i>ordnance</i>,
<i>fieldpieces</i>, <i>carronades</i>, <i>howitzers</i>, etc. See
these terms in the Vocabulary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As swift as a pellet out of a gunne<BR>
When fire is in the powder runne.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The word <i>gun</i> was in use in England for an
engine to cast a thing from a man long before there was any gunpowder
found out.</blockquote> <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A piece of heavy ordnance;
in a restricted sense, a cannon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Violent blasts
of wind.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Guns are classified, according to their construction or
manner of loading as <i>rifled</i> or <i>smoothbore</i>, <i>breech-
loading</i> or <i>muzzle-loading</i>, <i>cast</i> or <i>built-up
guns</i>; or according to their use, as <i>field</i>,
<i>mountain</i>, <i>prairie</i>, <i>seacoast</i>, and <i>siege
guns</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Armstrong gun</b></col>, <cd>a wrought iron breech-loading
cannon named after its English inventor, Sir William
<i>Armstrong</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Great gun</b></col>, <cd>a piece of
heavy ordnance</cd>; hence  (Fig.), <cd>a person superior in any
way.</cd> -- <col><b>Gun barrel</b></col>, <cd>the barrel or tube of
a gun.</cd> -- <col><b>Gun carriage</b></col>, <cd> the carriage on
which a gun is mounted or moved.</cd> -- <col><b>Gun cotton</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a general name for a series of explosive nitric
ethers of cellulose, obtained by steeping cotton in nitric and
sulphuric acids. Although there are formed substances containing
nitric acid radicals, yet the results exactly resemble ordinary
cotton in appearance. It burns without ash, with explosion if
confined, but quietly and harmlessly if free and open, and in small
quantity. Specifically, the lower nitrates of cellulose which are
insoluble in ether and alcohol in distinction from the highest
(<i>pyroxylin</i>) which is soluble. See <u>Pyroxylin</u>, and cf.
<u>Xyloidin</u>. The gun cottons are used for blasting and somewhat
in gunnery: for making celluloid when compounded with camphor; and
the soluble variety (<i>pyroxylin</i>) for making collodion. See
<u>Celluloid</u>, and <u>Collodion</u>. Gun cotton is frequenty but
improperly called <i>nitrocellulose</i>. It is not a <i>nitro</i>
compound, but an <i>ethereal salt</i> of nitric acid.</cd> --
<col><b>Gun deck</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Deck</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Gun fire</b></col>, <cd>the time at which the morning or the
evening gun is fired.</cd> -- <col><b>Gun metal</b></col>, <cd>a
bronze, ordinarily composed of nine parts of copper and one of tin,
used for cannon, etc.  The name is also given to certain strong
mixtures of cast iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Gun port</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an opening in a ship through which a cannon's
muzzle is run out for firing.</cd> -- <col><b>Gun tackle</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the blocks and pulleys affixed to the side of a
ship, by which a gun carriage is run to and from the gun port.</cd> -
- <col><b>Gun tackle purchase</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a tackle
composed of two single blocks and a fall.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> --
<col><b>Krupp gun</b></col>, <cd>a wrought steel breech-loading
cannon, named after its German inventor, Herr Krupp.</cd> --
<col><b>Machine gun</b></col>, <cd>a breech-loading gun or a group of
such guns, mounted on a carriage or other holder, and having a
reservoir containing cartridges which are loaded into the gun or guns
and fired in rapid succession, sometimes in volleys, by machinery
operated by turning a crank. Several hundred shots can be fired in a
minute with accurate aim. The <i>Gatling gun</i>, <i>Gardner gun</i>,
<i>Hotchkiss gun</i>, and <i>Nordenfelt gun</i>, named for their
inventors, and the French <i>mitrailleuse</i>, are <i>machine
guns</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To blow great guns</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to blow a gale. See <u>Gun</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gun</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice fowling
or hunting small game; -- chiefly in participial form; as, to go
gunning.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gu"na</hw> (g&oomac;"n&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>guna</i> quality.] <def>In Sanskrit grammar, a lengthening of the
simple vowels <i>a</i>, <i>i</i>, <i>e</i>, by prefixing an <i>a</i>
element. The term is sometimes used to denote the same vowel change
in other languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gu"nar*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gynarchy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Nav.)</i> <def>A
vessel of light draught, carrying one or more guns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"cot`ton</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Gun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"de*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Gondola</u>.</def>  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gun"flint`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharpened
flint for the lock of a gun, to ignite the charge. It was in common
use before the introduction of percussion caps.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||Gun"jah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Ganja</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lock of a
gun, for producing the discharge. See <u>Lock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The number of
guns carried by a ship of war.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gunwale</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gunwale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, eel-shaped,
marine fish of the genus <i>Mur&aelig;noides</i>; esp., <i>M.
gunnellus</i> of Europe and America; -- called also <i>gunnel
fish</i>, <i>butterfish</i>, <i>rock eel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who works a gun, whether on land or sea; a
cannoneer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A warrant officer in the navy having
charge of the ordnance on a vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The great northern diver or loon. See <u>Loon</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sea bream.</def> [Prov. Eng. or
Irish]</p>

<p><col><b>Gunner's daughter</b></col>, <cd>the gun to which men or
boys were lashed for punishment.</cd> [Sailor's slang]  <i>W. C.
Russell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gun"ner*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That branch of
military science which comprehends the theory of projectiles, and the
manner of constructing and using ordnance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"nie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining.)</i>
<def>Space left by the removal of ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
practice of hunting or shooting game with a gun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The art of <i>gunning</i> was but little
practiced.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gun"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Gun"ny cloth`</hw>
(&?;). [Hind. <i>gon</i>, <i>gon&?;</i>,, a sack, sacking.] <def>A
strong, coarse kind of sacking, made from the fibers (called jute) of
two plants of the genus <i>Corchorus</i> (<i>C. olitorius</i> and
<i>C. capsularis</i>), of India. The fiber is also used in the
manufacture of cordage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gunny bag</b></col>, <cd>a sack made of gunny, used for
coarse commodities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gu*noc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gyneocracy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"pow`der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A black, granular, explosive substance, consisting of an
intimate mechanical mixture of niter, charcoal, and sulphur. It is
used in gunnery and blasting.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Gunpowder consists of from 70 to 80 per cent of niter, with
10 to 15 per cent of each of the other ingredients. Its explosive
energy is due to the fact that it contains the necessary amount of
oxygen for its own combustion, and liberates gases (chiefly nitrogen
and carbon dioxide), which occupy a thousand or fifteen hundred times
more space than the powder which generated them.</p>

<p><col><b>Gunpowder pile driver</b></col>, <cd>a pile driver, the
hammer of which is thrown up by the explosion of gunpowder.</cd> --
<col><b>Gunpowder plot</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>a plot to
destroy the King, Lords, and Commons, in revenge for the penal laws
against Catholics. As Guy Fawkes, the agent of the conspirators, was
about to fire the mine, which was placed under the House of Lords, he
was seized, Nov. 5, 1605. Hence, Nov. 5 is known in England as <i>Guy
Fawkes Day</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gunpowder tea</b></col>, <cd>a
species of fine green tea, each leaf of which is rolled into a small
ball or pellet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gun"reach`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The reach or
distance to which a gun will shoot; gunshot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"room`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>An apartment on the after end of the lower gun deck of a ship of
war, usually occupied as a messroom by the commissioned officers,
except the captain; -- called wardroom in the United States
navy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"shot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act of firing a gun; a shot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The distance to which shot can be thrown
from a gun, so as to be effective; the reach or range of a
gun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who are come over to the royal party are
supposed to be out of <i>gunshot</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gun"shot`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made by the shot of
a gun: as. a <i>gunshot</i> wound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"smith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to make or repair small firearms; an armorer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gunsmith`er*y</hw> (?), <hw>Gun"smith` ing</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or business of a
gunsmith.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"stick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stick to ram
down the charge of a musket, etc.; a rammer or ramrod.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gun"stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The stock or
wood to which the barrel of a hand gun is fastened.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"stome`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cannon ball;
-- so called because originally made of stone.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 659 !></p>

<p><hw>Gun"ter rig`</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A topmast arranged
with metal bands so that it will readily slide up and down the lower
mast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"ter's chain`</hw> (?). <i>(Surveying)</i> <def>The chain
ordinarily used in measuring land. See <u>Chain</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4, and <u>Gunter's scale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"ter's line`</hw> (?). <def>A logarithmic line on Gunter's
scale, used for performing the multiplication and division of numbers
mechanically by the dividers; -- called also <i>line of lines</i>,
and <i>line of numbers</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"ter's quad`rant</hw> (?). <def>A thin quadrant, made of
brass, wood, etc., showing a stereographic projection on the plane of
the equator. By it are found the hour of the day, the sun's azimuth,
the altitude of objects in degrees, etc. See <u>Gunter's
scale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gun"ter's scale`</hw> (?). <def>A scale invented by the Rev.
Edmund <i>Gunter</i> (1581-1626), a professor of astronomy at Gresham
College, London, who invented also <i>Gunter's chain</i>, and
<i>Gunter's quadrant</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Gunter's scale is a wooden rule, two feet long, on one side
of which are marked scales of equal parts, of chords, sines,
tangents, rhombs, etc., and on the other side scales of logarithms of
these various parts, by means of which many problems in surveying and
navigation may be solved, mechanically, by the aid of dividers
alone.</p>

<p><hw>Gun"wale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gun</i> +
<i>wale</i>. So named because the upper guns were pointed from it.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The upper edge of a vessel's or boat's side; the
uppermost wale of a ship (not including the bulwarks); or that piece
of timber which reaches on either side from the quarter-deck to the
forecastle, being the uppermost bend, which finishes the upper works
of the hull.</def> [Written also <i>gunnel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gurge</hw> (g&ucirc;rj), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gurges</i>.] <def>A whirlpool.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The plain, wherein a black bituminous <i>gurge</i><BR>
Boils out from under ground.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gurge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Gorge</u>.]
<def>To swallow up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gur"geons</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Grudgeons</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gur"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gurgled</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gurgling</u> (?).] [Cf. It. <i>gorgogliare</i> to gargle, bubble
up, fr. L. <i>gurgulio</i> gullet.  Cf. <u>Gargle</u>, <u>Gorge</u>.]
<def>To run or flow in a broken, irregular, noisy current, as water
from a bottle, or a small stream among pebbles or stones.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pure gurgling rills the lonely desert trace,<BR>
And waste their music on the savage race.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gur"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of gurgling; a
broken, bubbling noise.</def> "Tinkling <i>gurgles</i>."  <i>W.
Thompson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gur"glet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Goglet</u>.]
<def>A porous earthen jar for cooling water by evaporation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gur"gling*ly`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
gurgling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gur"goyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gargoyle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gur"jun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thin balsam or
wood oil derived from the <i>Diptcrocarpus l&aelig;vis</i>, an East
Indian tree. It is used in medicine, and as a substitute for linseed
oil in the coarser kinds of paint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gurl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young person of
either sex. [Obs.] See <u>Girl</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gur"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>A
pickax with one sharp point and one cutting edge.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gur"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
level; a working.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gur"nard</hw> (?), <hw>Gur"net</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gornal</i>, <i>gournal</i>,
<i>gornart</i>, perh. akin to F. <i>grogner</i> to <i>grunt</i>; cf.
Ir. <i>guirnead</i> gurnard.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One ofseveral
European marine fishes, of the genus Trigla and allied genera, having
a large and spiny head, with mailed cheeks. Some of the species are
highly esteemed for food. The name is sometimes applied to the
American sea robins.</def> [Written also <i>gournet</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Plyling gurnard</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Flying</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gur"ni*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Gwiniad</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An alvine
evacuation; also, refuse matter.</def> [Obs. or Local]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gur"ry`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>garh&imacr;</i>.]
<def>A small fort.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Gurt</hw> (g&ucirc;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>A gutter or channel for water, hewn out of the bottom of a
working drift.</def>  <i>Page.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gurts</hw> (g&ucirc;rts), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Grout</u>.] <def>Groats.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gush</hw> (g&ubreve;sh), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gushed</u> (g&ubreve;sht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gushing</u>.] [OE. <i>guschen</i>, cf. Icel.
<i>gusa</i> and <i>gjsa</i>, also D. <i>gucsen</i>; perh. akin to AS.
<i>ge&oacute;tan</i> to pour, G. <i>giessen</i>, Goth. <i>giutan</i>,
E. <i>gut</i>.  Cf. <u>Found</u> to cast.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To issue with violence and rapidity, as a
fluid; to rush forth as a fluid from confinement; to flow
copiously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He smote the rock that the waters <i>gushed</i>
out.</blockquote> <i>Ps ixxviii 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sea of blood <i>gushed</i> from the gaping
wound.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a sentimental or untimely
exhibition of affection; to display enthusiasm in a silly,
demonstrative manner.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gush</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sudden and violent issue of a fluid from an inclosed plase; an
emission of a liquid in a large quantity, and with force; the fluid
thus emitted; a rapid outpouring of anything; as, a <i>gush</i> of
song from a bird.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>gush</i> of springs,<BR>
An fall of lofty foundains.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sentimental exhibition of affection or
enthusiasm, etc.; effusive display of sentiment.</def> [Collog.]</p>

<p><hw>Gush"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gushes.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gush"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rushing forth with violence, as a fluid; flowing copiously; as,
<i>gushing</i> waters.</def> "<i>Gushing</i> blood."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Emitting copiously, as tears or words;
weakly and unreservedly demonstrative in matters of affection;
sentimental.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gush"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a gushing manner; copiously.</def>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weakly; sentimentally; effusively.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gus"set</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>gousset</i>
armpit, fob, <i>gusset</i>, dim. of <i>gousse</i> pod, husk; cf. It.
<i>guscio</i> shell, or W. <i>cwysed</i> gore, gusset.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of cloth inserted in a garment,
for the purpose of strengthening some part or giving it a tapering
enlargement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seam and <i>gusset</i> and band.</blockquote>
<i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a gusset in a
garment</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Armor)</i> <def>A small
piece of chain mail at the openings of the joints beneath the
arms.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A kind of
bracket, or angular piece of iron, fastened in the angles of a
structure to give strength or stiffness; esp., the part joining the
barrel and the fire box of a locomotive boiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>An abatement or mark of
dishonor in a coat of arms, resembling a gusset.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gust</hw> (g&uc;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>gustr</i>
a cool breeze.  Cf. <u>Gush</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden
squall; a violent blast of wind; a sudden and brief rushing or
driving of the wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Snow, and hail, stormy <i>gust</i> and
flaw.</blockquote>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden violent burst of passion.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gust</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gustus</i>; cf. It. &
Sp. <i>gusto</i>. &radic;46.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sense or pleasure of tasting; relish;
gusto.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An ox will relish the tender flesh of kids with as
much <i>gust</i> and appetite.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gratification of any kind, particularly
that which is exquisitely relished; enjoyment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Destroy all creatures for thy sport or
<i>gust.</i></blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Intellectual taste; fancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A choice of it may be made according to the gust and
manner of the ancients.</blockquote>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gust</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>gustare</i>, It.
<i>gustare</i>, Sp. <i>gustar</i>. See <u>GUST</u> a relish.] <def>To
taste; to have a relish for.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gust"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Gust</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] [Obs.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being
tasted; tastable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This position informs us of a vulgar error, terming
the gall<BR>
bitter; whereas there is nothing <i>gustable</i>
sweeter.</blockquote> <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pleasant to the taste; toothsome;
savory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>gustable</i> thing, seen or smelt, excites the
appetite, and affects the glands and parts of the mouth.</blockquote>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gust"a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything that can
be tasted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gus"tard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The great bustard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gus*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gustatio</i>: cf. F. <i>gustation</i>.] <def>The act of
tasting.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gust"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or subservient to, the sense of taste; as, the <i>gustatory</i>
nerve which supplies the front of the tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gust"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tasteful; well-
tasted.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir K. Digby.</i> -- <wf>Gust"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gust"ful</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gusty.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>gustful</i> April morn.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gust"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tasteless;
insipid.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gus"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. or Sp., fr. L.
<i>gustus</i>; akin to E. <i>choose</i>.  Cf. 2d <u>GUST</u>,
<u>GOUR</u>.] <def>Nice or keen appreciation or enjoyment; relish;
taste; fancy.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gus*to"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Tasteful; in a tasteful, agreeable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gust"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subject to, or
characterized by, gusts or squalls; windy; stormy;
tempestuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon a raw and <i>gusty</i> day.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gut</i>,
<i>got</i>, AS. <i>gut</i>, prob. orig., a channel, and akin to
<i>ge&oacute;tan</i> to pour. See <u>FOUND</u> to cast.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A narrow passage of water; as, the
<i>Gut</i> of Canso.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An intenstine; a bowel; the whole
alimentary canal; the enteron; (<i>pl.</i>) bowels;
entrails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the prepared entrails of an animal,
esp. of a sheep, used for various purposes. See
<u>Catgut</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The sac of silk taken from a silkworm
(when ready to spin its cocoon), for the purpose of drawing it out
into a thread. This, when dry, is exceedingly strong, and is used as
the snood of a fish line.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blind gut</b></col>. <cd>See <u>C&AElig;cum</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gut</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gutted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gutting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take out the bowels from;
to eviscerate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To plunder of contents; to destroy or
remove the interior or contents of; as, a mob <i>gutted</i> the
house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tom Brown, of facetious memory, having <i>gutted</i> a
proper<BR>
name of its vowels, used it as freely as he pleased.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gut"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Gutt&AElig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
drop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of a series of
ornaments, in the form of a frustum of a cone, attached to the lower
part of the triglyphs, and also to the lower faces of the mutules, in
the Doric order; -- called also <i>campana</i>, and
<i>drop</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gutta serena</b></col> [L., lit. serene or clear drop]
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>amaurosis.</cd> -- <col><b>Gutt&aelig;
band</b></col>> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the listel or band from which the
gutt&aelig; hang.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gut"ta-per`cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>gutah</i> gum + <i>pertja</i> the tree from which is it procured.]
<def>A concrete juice produced by various trees found in the Malayan
archipelago, especially by the <i>Isonandra, or  Dichopsis,
Gutta</i>. It becomes soft, and unpressible at the tamperature of
boiling water, and, on cooling, retains its new shape. It dissolves
in oils and ethers, but not in water. In many of its properties it
resembles caoutchouc, and it is extensively used for many economical
purposes. The <i>Mimusops globosa</i> of Guiana also yields this
material.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gut"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>guttatus</i>.
Cf. <u>Gutty</u>.] <def>Spotted, as if discolored by drops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gut"ta*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Guttate</u>.] <def>Besprinkled with drops, or droplike
spots.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gut"ta*trap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
inspissated juice of a tree of the genus <i>Artocarpus</i> (<i>A.
incisa</i>, or breadfruit tree), sometimes used in making birdlime,
on account of its glutinous quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>gotere</i>, OF.
<i>goutiere</i>, F. <i>goutti&egrave;re</i>, fr. OF. <i>gote</i>,
<i>goute</i>, drop, F. <i>goutte</i>, fr. L. <i>gutta</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A channel at the eaves of a roof for
conveying away the rain; an eaves channel; an eaves trough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small channel at the roadside or
elsewhere, to lead off surface water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gutters</i> running with ale.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any narrow channel or groove; as, a gutter
formed by erosion in the vent of a gun from repeated
firing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gutter member</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an
architectural member made by treating the outside face of the gutter
in a decorative fashion, or by crowning it with ornaments, regularly
spaced, like a diminutive battlement.</cd> -- <col><b>Gutter
plane</b></col>, <cd>a carpenter's plane with a rounded bottom for
planing out gutters.</cd> -- <col><b>Gutter snipe</b></col>, <cd>a
neglected boy running at large; a street Arab.</cd> [Slang] --
<col><b>Gutter stick</b></col> <i>(Printing)</i>, <cd>one of the
pieces of furniture which separate pages in a form.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gut*ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Guttered</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Guttering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut or form into small
longitudinal hollows; to channel.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To supply with a gutter or gutters.</def>
[R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
channeled, as a candle when the flame flares in the wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gut"ti*fer`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>gutta</i> drop+ <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant
that exudes gum or resin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gut*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Yielding gum or resinous substances.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to a natural order of trees and
shrubs (<i>Guttifer&aelig;</i>) noted for their abounding in a
resinous sap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gut"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gutta</i> a
drop + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Drop-shaped, as a spot of color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gut"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [From
<u>GUT</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To put into the gut; to
swallow greedily; to gorge; to gormandize. [Obs.] L'Estrange.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gut"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A greedy eater; a
glutton.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gut"tu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>guttula</i>
a little drop, dim. of <i>gutta</i> drop.] <def>In droplike
form.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In its [hail's] <i>guttulous</i> descent from the
air.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gut"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>guttur</i>
throat: cf. F. <i>gutural</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the throat;
formed in the throat; relating to, or characteristic of, a sound
formed in the throat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Children are occasionally born with <i>guttural</i>
swellings.</blockquote> <i>W. Guthrie.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In such a sweet, <i>guttural</i> accent.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gut"tur*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sound formed in
the throat; esp., a sound formed by the aid of the back of the
tongue, much retracted, and the soft palate; also, a letter
representing such a sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gut"tur*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being guttural; as, the <i>gutturalism</i> of A [in the 16th
cent.]</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gut"tur*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being guttural.</def> [R.] "The old <i>gutturality</i> of
k."  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gut"tur*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To speak
gutturally; to give a guttural sound to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gut"tur*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a guttural
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gut"tur*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being guttural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gut"tur*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>guttur</i>
throat.] <def>Pertaining to the throat.</def> [Obs.] "Gutturine
tumor."  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gut"tur*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>guttur</i> throat.] <def>To make in the throat; to
gutturalize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For which the Germans gutturize a sound.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gut"tur*o-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form denoting relation
to the throat; as, <i>gutturo</i>-nasal, having both a guttural and a
nasal character; <i>gutturo</i>-palatal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gut"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gutta</i> drop:
cf. F. <i>goutt&eacute;</i>.  Cf. <u>Guttated</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Charged or sprinkled with drops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gut"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant, <i>Globularia Alypum</i>, a violent purgative, found in
Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>guia</i> guide, a
guy or small rope used on board of ships to keep weighty things in
their places; of Teutonic origin, and the same word as E.
<i>guide</i>. See <u>Guide</u>, and cf. <u>Gye</u>.] <def>A rope,
chain, or rod attached to anything to steady it; as: a rope to steady
or guide an object which is being hoisted or lowered; a rope which
holds in place the end of a boom, spar, or yard in a ship; a chain or
wire rope connecting a suspension bridge with the land on either side
to prevent lateral swaying; a rod or rope attached to the top of a
structure, as of a derrick, and extending obliquely to the ground,
where it is fastened.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Guyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Guying</u>.] <def>To steady or guide with a guy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
grotesque effigy, like that of <i>Guy</i> Fawkes, dressed up in
England on the fifth of November, the day of the Gunpowder
Plot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lady . . . who dresses like a
<i>guy</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. S.  Gilbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person of queer looks or dress.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fool; to baffle; to
make (a person) an object of ridicule.</def> [Local &amp; Collog
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Guyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To guile.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 660 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>Guze</hw> (g&umacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Gules</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A roundlet of tincture
<i>sanguine</i>, which is blazoned without mention of the
tincture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guz"zle</hw> (g&ubreve;"z'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Guzzled</u> (-z'ld); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Guzzling</u> (-zl&ibreve;ng).] [OP.
<i>gosillier</i>, prob.  orig., to pass through the throat; akin to
F. <i>gosier</i> throat; cf. It. <i>gozzo</i> a bird's crop.] <def>To
swallow liquor greedily; to drink much or frequently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those that came to <i>guzzle</i> in his wine
cellar.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Well-seasoned bowls the gossip's spirits raise,<BR>
Who, while she <i>guzzles</i>, chats the doctor's
praise.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To fat the <i>guzzling</i> hogs with floods of
whey.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To swallow much or
often; to swallow with immoderate gust; to drink greedily or
continually; as, one who <i>guzzles</i> beer.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An insatiable thing or
person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That sink of filth, that <i>guzzle</i> most
impure.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Guz"zler</hw> (-zl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
immoderate drinker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gwin"i*ad</hw> (gw&ibreve;n"&ibreve;*&abreve;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>gwyniad</i> a whiting, the name of
various fishes, fr. <i>gwyn</i> white.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
fish (<i>Coregonus ferus</i>) of North Wales and Northern Europe,
allied to the lake whitefish; -- called also <i>powan</i>, and
<i>schelly</i>.</def> [Written also <i>gwyniad</i>, <i>guiniad</i>,
<i>gurniad</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gy"all</hw> (g&imacr;"&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Gayal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyb</hw> (j&ibreve;b), <hw>Gybe</hw> (j&imacr;b),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <u>Jib</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gybe</hw> (j&imacr;b), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gibe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gybe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gybed</u> (j&imacr;bd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gybing</u>.] [See <u>Jibe</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To shift from one side of a vessel to the other; -- said of the
boom of a fore-and-aft sail when the vessel is steered off the wind
until the sail fills on the opposite side.</def> [Also
<i>jibe</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Gye</hw> (g&imacr; or g&emacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>guier</i>; of German origin.  See <u>Guide</u>, and cf.
<u>Guy</u>.] <def>To guide; to govern.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Discreet enough his country for to
<i>gye</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gyle</hw> (g&imacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>guiller</i>
to ferment.  Cf. <u>Guillevat</u>.] <def>Fermented wort used for
making vinegar.</def></p>

<p><col>Gyle tan</col> <i>(Brewing)</i>, <cd>a large vat in which
wort ferments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gym"nal</hw> (g&ibreve;m"n<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Gimmal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym*na"si*arch</hw> (j&ibreve;m*n&amacr;"z&ibreve;*&auml;rk),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gymnasiarchus</i>, Gr.
<grk>gymnasi`archos</grk>; <grk>gymna`sion</grk> +
<grk>'a`rchein</grk> to govern:  cf. F. <i>gymnasiarque</i>.] <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>An Athenian officer who superintended the gymnasia,
and provided the oil and other necessaries at his own
expense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym*na"si*um</hw> (-z&ibreve;*&ubreve;m or -
zh&ibreve;*&ubreve;m; 277) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Gymnasiums</b></plw> (-&ubreve;mz), L.
<plw><b>Gymnasia</b></plw> (-&adot;). [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>gymna`sion</grk>, fr. <grk>gymna`zein</grk> to exercise (naked),
fr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place or
building where athletic exercises are performed; a school for
gymnastics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A school for the higher branches of
literature and science; a preparatory school for the university; --
used esp. of German schools of this kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More like ordinary schools of <i>gymnasia</i> than
universities.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gym"nast</hw> (j&ibreve;m"n&adot;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>gymnasth`s</grk> a trainer of athletes: cf. F.
<i>gymnaste</i>. See <u>Gymnasium</u>.] <def>One who teaches or
practices gymnastic exercises; the manager of a gymnasium; an
athlete.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gym*nas"tic</hw> (j&ibreve;m*n&abreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<hw>Gym*nas"tic*al</hw> (-t&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gymnasticus</i>, Gr.
<grk>gymnastiko`s</grk>: cf. F. <i>gymnastique</i>. See
<u>Gymnasium</u>.] <def>Pertaining to athletic exercises intended for
health, defense, or diversion; -- said of games or exercises, as
running, leaping, wrestling, throwing the discus, the javelin, etc.;
also, pertaining to disciplinary exercises for the intellect;
athletic; as, <i>gymnastic</i> exercises, contests, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym*nas"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gymnast.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gym*nas"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
gymnastic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym*nas"tics</hw> (-t&ibreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Athletic or disciplinary exercises; the art of performing
gymnastic exercises; also, disciplinary exercises for the intellect
or character.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gym"nic</hw> (j&ibreve;m"n&ibreve;k), <hw>Gym"nic*al</hw> (-
n&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gymnicus</i>,
Gr. <grk>gymniko`s</grk>: cf. F. <i>gymnique</i>. See
<u>Gymmasium</u>.] <def>Athletic; gymnastic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Have they not swordplayers, and every sort<BR>
Of <i>gymnic</i> artists, wrestlers, riders, runners?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gym"nic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Athletic
exercise.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gym"nite</hw> (-n&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gymno`s</grk> naked. So called as coming from the Bare Hills,
Maryland.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous silicate of
magnesia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gym`no*blas"te*a</hw>
(j&ibreve;m`n&osl;*bl&abreve;s"t&esl;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL.  fr. Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>blasta`nein</grk> to sprout.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Athecata; -- so called because the medusoid buds are not inclosed in
a capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym`no*blas"tic</hw> (-t&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Gymnoblastea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym`no*car"pous</hw> (-k&auml;r"p&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Naked-fruited, the
fruit either smooth or not adherent to the perianth.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gym*noch"ro*a</hw> (j&ibreve;m*n&obreve;k"r&osl;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>chro`a</grk> skin, body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
Hydroidea including the hydra. See <u>Hydra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gym*noc"la*dus</hw>
(j&ibreve;m*n&obreve;"l&adot;*d&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked + <grk>kla`dos</grk> a branch.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of leguminous plants; the Kentucky coffee
tree. The leaves are cathartic, and the seeds a substitute for
coffee.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gym`no*co"pa</hw> (j&ibreve;m`n&osl;*k&omacr;"p&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>kw`ph</grk> an oar.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
transparent, free-swimming Annelida, having set&aelig; only in the
cephalic appendages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym"no*cyte</hw> (j&ibreve;m"n&osl;*s&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>ky`tos</grk> a hollow vessel.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A cytode
without a proper cell wall, but with a nucleus.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gym`no*cy"tode</hw> (j&ibreve;m`n&osl;*s&imacr;"t&omacr;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked + E.
<i>cytode</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A cytode without either a cell
wall or a nucleus.</def>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gym"no*dont</hw> (j&ibreve;m"n&osl;*d&obreve;nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a group of plectognath fishes (<i>Gymnodontes</i>),
having the teeth and jaws consolidated into one or two bony plates,
on each jaw, as the diodonts and tetradonts. See <u>Bur fish</u>,
<u>Globefish</u>, <u>Diodon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym"no*gen</hw> (-j&ebreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gymno`s</grk> naked + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of a
class of plants, so called by Lindley, because the ovules are
fertilized by direct contact of the pollen. Same as
<u>Gymnosperm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gym`no*glos"sa</hw> (-gl&obreve;s"s&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>glw^ssa</grk> tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
gastropods in which the odontophore is without teeth.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Gym`no*l&aelig;"ma</hw> (-l&emacr;"m&adot;),
<hw>||Gym`no*l&aelig;"ma*ta</hw> (-m&adot;*t&adot;), } <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>laimo`s</grk> the throat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
Bryozoa, having no epistome.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gym`no*no"ti</hw> (-n&omacr;"t&imacr;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL.  fr. Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>nw^tos</grk> the back.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The order of
fishes which includes the Gymnotus or electrical eel. The dorsal fin
is wanting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym`no*p&aelig;d"ic</hw> (-p&ebreve;d"&ibreve;k or -
p&emacr;"d&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk>
naked + <grk>pai^s</grk>, <grk>paido`s</grk>, a child.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having young that are naked when hatched;
psilop&aelig;dic; -- said of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gym`no*phi"o*na</hw> (-f&imacr;"&osl;*n&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>'ofio`neos</grk> serpentlike.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of Amphibia, having a long, annulated, snakelike body. See
<u>Ophiomorpha</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gym`noph*thal"ma*ta</hw> (-
n&obreve;f*th&abreve;l"m&adot;*t&adot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked + <grk>'ofqalmo`s</grk> the
eye.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of acalephs, including the
naked-eyed medus&aelig;; the hydromedus&aelig;. Most of them are
known to be the free-swimming progeny (gonophores) of
hydroids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym"no*plast</hw> (j&ibreve;m"n&osl;*pl&abreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>pla`ssein</grk> to shape, mold.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A cell or
mass of protoplasm devoid of an envelope, as a white blood
corpuscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym'no*rhi"nal</hw> (-r&imacr;"n<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.  <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>"ri`s</grk>, <grk>"rino`s</grk>, the nose.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having unfeathered nostrils, as certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gym`no*so"ma*ta</hw> (-s&omacr;"m&adot;*t&adot; or -
s&obreve;m"&adot;*t&adot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>gymno`s</grk> naked + <grk>sw^ma</grk>, <grk>sw`matos</grk>, the
body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the orders of Pteropoda.  They
have no shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym*nos"o*phist</hw>
(j&ibreve;m*n&obreve;s"&osl;*f&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gymnosofisth`s</grk>; <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>sofisth`s</grk> philosopher; cf. F. <i>gymnosophiste</i>.]
<def>One of a sect of philosophers, said to have been found in India
by Alexander the Great, who went almost naked, denied themselves the
use of flesh, renounced bodily pleasures, and employed themselves in
the contemplation of nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym*nos"o*phy</hw> (-f&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrines of the Gymnosophists.</def>  <i>Good.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gym"no*sperm</hw> (j&ibreve;m"n&osl;*sp&etilde;rm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant that bears naked
seeds (<i>i. e.</i>, seeds not inclosed in an ovary), as the common
pine and hemlock.  Cf. <u>Angiosperm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gym`no*sper"mous</hw> (-sp&etilde;r"m&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.  <grk>gymno`spermos</grk>;
<grk>gymno`s</grk> naked + <grk>spe`rma</grk> seed:  cf. F.
<i>gymnosperme</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having
naked seeds, or seeds not inclosed in a capsule or other
vessel.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Belonging to the class of
plants consisting of gymnosperms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gym*not"o*ka</hw> (j&ibreve;m*n&obreve;t"&osl;*k&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>to`kos</grk> a bringing forth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Athecata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gym*no"tus</hw> (j&ibreve;m*n&omacr;"t&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gymno`s</grk> naked +
<grk>nw^tos</grk> the back: cf.  F. <i>gymnote</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of South American fresh-water
fishes, including the <i>Gymnotus electricus</i>, or electric eel. It
has a greenish, eel-like body, and is possessed of electric
power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One fearful shock, fearful but momentary, like that
from the electric blow of the <i>gymnotus</i>.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gyn</hw> (g&ibreve;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To begin.
[Obs.] See <u>Gin</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Gyn`&aelig;*ce"um</hw>
(j&ibreve;n`&esl;*s&emacr;"&ubreve;m), <hw>||Gyn`&aelig;*ci"um</hw>
(j&ibreve;n`&esl;*s&imacr;"&ubreve;m), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
fr. Gr. <grk>gynaikei^on</grk> women's apartments, fr.
<grk>gynh`</grk> a woman.] <def>That part of a large house, among the
ancients, exclusively appropriated to women.</def> [Written also
<i>gyneceum</i>, <i>gynecium</i>.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gy*n&aelig;"cian</hw> (j&ibreve;*n&emacr;"sh<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>The same as <u>Gynecian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy*n&aelig;"co*phore</hw>
(j&ibreve;*n&emacr;"k&osl;*f&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gynaikei^on</grk> the women's apartments + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to
bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A ventral canal or groove, in which
the males of some di&oelig;cious trematodes carry the female. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>H&aelig;matozoa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy*nan"der</hw> (j&ibreve;*n&abreve;n"d&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gynandrian</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant having the stamens inserted in the pistil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gy*nan"dri*a</hw> (-dr&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Gynandrian</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A class
of plants in the Linn&aelig;an system, whose stamens grow out of, or
are united with, the pistil.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gy*nan"dri*an</hw> (-<i>a</i>n), <hw>Gy*nan"drous</hw> (-
dr&ubreve;s), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gy`nandros</grk> of
doubtful sex; <grk>gynh`</grk> a woman + <grk>'anh`r</grk>,
<grk>'andro`s</grk>, man: cf. F. <i>gynandre</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having stamens inserted in the pistil; belonging to the class
<i>Gynandria</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy*nan"dro*morph</hw> (-dr&osl;*m&ocirc;rf),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal affected with
gynandromorphism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy*nan`dro*mor"phism</hw> (-
m&ocirc;r"f&ibreve;z'm),<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gynh`</grk> a
woman, female + <grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>, a man, male +
<grk>morfh`</grk> form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An abnormal
condition of certain animals, in which one side has the external
characters of the male, and the other those of the female.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy*nan`dro*mor"phous</hw> (-f&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Affected with gynandromorphism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy*nan"ther*ous</hw> (-th&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gynh`</grk> a woman + E.
<i>anther</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to an abnormal
condition of the flower, in which the stamens are converted into
pistils.</def>  <i>R. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gyn"ar*chy</hw> (j&ibreve;n"&adot;r*k&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gynh`</grk> a woman +  <i>-archy</i>.]
<def>Government by a woman.</def>  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gyn`e*ce"um</hw> (j&ibreve;n`&esl;*s&emacr;"&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Gyn&aelig;ceum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy*ne"cian</hw> (j&ibreve;*n&emacr;"sh<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gynaikei^os</grk>.] <def>Of or
relating to women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyn`e*coc"ra*cy</hw>
(j&ibreve;n`&esl;*k&obreve;k"r&adot;*s&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>gynaikokrati`a</grk>; <grk>gynh`</grk>,
<grk>gynaiko`s</grk>, a woman + <grk>kratei^n</grk> to rule: cf. F.
<i>gyn&eacute;cocratie</i>.  Cf. <u>Gynocracy</u>.] <def>Government
by a woman, female power; gyneocracy.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gyn`e*co*log"ic*al</hw>
(j&ibreve;n`&esl;*k&osl;*l&obreve;j"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l or
g&imacr;`n&esl;-), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
gynecology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyn`e*col"o*gy</hw>
(j&ibreve;n`&esl;*k&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve; or g&imacr;`n&esl;-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gynh`</grk>, <grk>gynaiko`s</grk>, a
woman + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats of the structure
and diseases of women.</def> -- <wf>Gyn`e*col"o*gist</wf>.</p>

<p><hw>Gyn"e*oc`ra*cy</hw>
(j&ibreve;n`&esl;*&obreve;k"r&adot;*s&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Gynecocracy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyn`e*ol"a*try</hw> (-&obreve;l"&adot;*tr&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gynh`</grk> a woman +
<grk>latrei`a</grk> worship.] <def>The adoration or worship of
woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sentimental <i>gyneolatry</i> of chivalry, which
was at best but skin-deep.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gyn`e*pho"bi*a</hw> (-f&omacr;"b&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gynh`</grk> a woman +
<grk>fo`bos</grk> fear.] <def>Hatred of women; repugnance to the
society of women.</def>  <i>Holmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gyn"ne</hw> (g&ibreve;n"n<i>e</i>), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To begin. See <u>Gin</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Gyn"o*base</hw> (j&ibreve;n"&osl;*b&amacr;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gynh`</grk> a woman, female + E.
<i>base</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A dilated base or receptacle,
supporting a multilocular ovary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyn`o*ba"sic</hw> (-b&amacr;"s&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or having, a gynobase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy*noc"ra*cy</hw> (j&ibreve;*n&obreve;k"r&adot;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gynecocracy</u>.] <def>Female
government; gynecocracy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The aforesaid state has repeatedly changed from
absolute despotism to republicanism, not forgetting the intermediate
stages of oligarchy, limited monarchy, and even <i>gynocracy</i>; for
I myself remember Alsatia governed for nearly nine months by an old
fishwoman.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gy`no*di*&oelig;"cious</hw>
(j&imacr;`n&osl;*d&isl;*&emacr;"sh&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>gynh`</grk> a woman + E. <i>di&oelig;cious</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Di&oelig;cious, but having some hermaphrodite or
perfect flowers on an individual plant which bears mostly pistillate
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gy*n&oelig;"ci*um</hw>
(j&ibreve;*n&emacr;"s&ibreve;*&ubreve;m or -sh&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.  Gr. <grk>gynh`</grk> a woman +
<grk>oi^kos</grk> house.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The pistils of a flower,
taken collectively. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Carpophore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyn"o*phore</hw> (j&ibreve;n"&osl;*f&omacr;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gynh`</grk> woman, female  +
<grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear, produce: cf. F. <i>gynophore</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The pedicel raising the pistil
or ovary above the stamens, as in the passion flower.</def>
<i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the branches
bearing the female gonophores, in certain Siphonophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyp</hw> (j&ibreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be a
sportive application of Gr. <grk>gy`ps</grk> a vulture.] <def>A
college servant; -- so called in Cambridge, England; at Oxford called
a <i>scout</i>.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Gypse</hw> (j&ibreve;ps), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Gypsum</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Pococke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gyp"se*ous</hw> (j&ibreve;p"s&esl;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>gypseus</i>. See <u>Gypsum</u>.]
<def>Resembling or containing gypsum; partaking of the qualities of
gypsum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyp"sey</hw> (-s&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gypsy.
See <u>Gypsy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyp*sif"er*ous</hw>
(j&ibreve;p*s&ibreve;f"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Gypsum</i> + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>gypsif&egrave;re</i>.]
<def>Containing gypsum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyp"sine</hw> (j&ibreve;p"s&ibreve;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Gypseous.</def> [R.]  <i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gyp*sog"ra*phy</hw> (j&ibreve;p*s&obreve;g"r&adot;*f&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gypsum</i> +  <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The act
or art of engraving on gypsum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyp"so*plast</hw> (j&ibreve;p"s&osl;*pl&abreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gypsum</i> + Gr. <grk>pla`ssein</grk> to
mold.] <def>A cast taken in plaster of Paris, or in white
lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyp"sum</hw> (j&ibreve;p"s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gypsum</i>, Gr. <grk>gy`psos</grk>; cf.  Ar. <i>jibs</i> plaster,
mortar, Per. <i>jabs&imacr;n</i> lime.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral
consisting of the hydrous sulphate of lime (calcium). When calcined,
stype forms plaster of Paris. <i>Selenite</i> is a transparent,
crystalline variety; <i>alabaster</i>, a fine, white, massive
variety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyp"sy</hw> (j&ibreve;p"s&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Gypsies</b></plw> (-s&ibreve;z). [OE.
<i>Gypcyan</i>, F. <i>&eacute;gyptien</i> Egyptian, gypsy, L.
<i>Aegyptius</i>. See <u>Egyptian</u>.] [Also spelled <i>gipsy</i>
and <i>gypsey</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of a vagabond race,
whose tribes, coming originally from India, entered Europe in the
14th or 15th century, and are now scattered over Turkey, Russia,
Hungary, Spain, England, etc., living by theft, fortune telling,
horsejockeying, tinkering, etc.  Cf. <u>Bohemian</u>,
<u>Romany</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a right <i>gypsy</i>, hath, at fast and
loose,<BR>
Beguiled me to the very heart of loss.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language used by the
gypsies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dark-complexioned person.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A cunning or crafty person</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gyp"sy</hw> <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
suitable for, gypsies.</def></p>

<p><col>Gypsy hat</col>, <cd>a woman's or child's broad-brimmed hat,
usually of straw or felt.</cd> -- <col>Gypsy winch</col>, <cd>a small
winch, which may be operated by a crank, or by a ratchet and pawl
through a lever working up and down.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 661 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>Gyp"sy</hw> (j&ibreve;p"s&ybreve;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To play the gypsy; to picnic in the woods.</def> Mostly,
<wf>Gyp"sy*ing</wf>, <pos><i>vb. n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gyp"sy*ism</hw> (j&ibreve;p"s&ibreve;*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The arts and practices
or habits of gypsies; deception; cheating; flattery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of a gypsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyp"sy*wort`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A labiate plant (the <i>Lycopus
Europ&aelig;us</i>). Gypsies are said to stain their skin with its
juice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gyr`a*can"thus</hw>
(j&ibreve;r`&adot;*k&abreve;n"th&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gyro`s</grk> round + <grk>'a`kanqa</grk> spine.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of fossil fishes, found in Devonian and
carboniferous strata; -- so named from their round, sculptured
spines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy"ral</hw> (j&imacr;"r<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Gyre</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving in a circular path or
way; whirling; gyratory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a gyrus, or
convolution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy"rant</hw> (-r<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Gyrating.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gy"rate</hw> (-r&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>gyratus</i> made in a circular form, p. p. of <i>gyrare</i>.]
<def>Winding or coiled round; curved into a circle; taking a circular
course.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy"rate</hw> (-r&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Gyrated</u> (-r&asl;*t&ebreve;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Gyrating</u>.] [L.
<i>gyratus</i>, p. p. of <i>gyrare</i> to gyrate. See <u>Gyre</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To revolve round a central point; to move
spirally about an axis, as a tornado; to revolve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy*ra"tion</hw> (j&isl;*r&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of turning or
whirling, as around a fixed center; a circular or spiral motion;
motion about an axis; rotation; revolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>gyrations</i> of an ascending
balloon.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If a burning coal be nimbly moved round in a circle,
with <i>gyrations</i> continually repeated, the whole circle will
appear like fire.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the whorls of a
spiral univalve shell.</def></p>

<p><col>Center of gyration</col>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Center</u>.</cd> -- <col>Radius of gyration</col>, <cd>the
distance between the axis of a rotating body and its center of
gyration.</cd> <i>Rankine.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gy"ra*to*ry</hw> (j&imacr;"r&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moving in a circle, or spirally; revolving;
whirling around.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyre</hw> (j&imacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gyrus</i>,
Gr. <grk>gy^ros</grk>, cf. <grk>gyro`s</grk> round.] <def>A circular
motion, or a circle described by a moving body; a turn or revolution;
a circuit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quick and more quick he spins in giddy
<i>gyres</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Still expanding and ascending
<i>gyres</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning. </i></p>

<p><hw>Gyre</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>gyrer</i>,
<i>girer</i>. See <u>Gyrate</u>.] <def>To turn round; to
gyrate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall. Drayton.  </i></p>

<p><hw>Gyre"ful</hw> (-f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Abounding in gyres.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Gyr`en*ceph"a*la</hw>
(j&ibreve;r`&ebreve;n*s&ebreve;f"&adot;*l&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL.  fr. Gr. <grk>gyro`s</grk> round +
<grk>'egke`falos</grk> the brain.]   <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
higher orders of Mammalia, in which the cerebrum is convoluted.</def>
-- <wf>Gyr`en*ceph"a*lous</wf> (-l&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Gyr"fal`con</hw> (j&etilde;r"f&add;`k'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>gerfaucon</i>, OF. <i>gerfaucon</i>, LL. <i>gyrofalco</i>,
perh. fr.  L. <i>gyrus</i> circle + <i>falco</i> falcon, and named
from its circling flight; or cf. E. <i>gier</i>-eagle. See
<u>Gyre</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Falcon</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species and varieties of
large Arctic falcons, esp. <i>Falco rusticolus</i> and the white
species <i>F. Islandicus</i>, both of which are circumpolar.  The
black and the gray are varieties of the former. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Accipiter</u>.</def> [Written also <i>gerfalcon</i>,
<i>gierfalcon</i>, and <i>jerfalcon</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Gy"ri</hw> (j&imacr;"r&imacr;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Gyrus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyr"land</hw> (g&etilde;r"l<i>a</i>nd), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [See <u>Garland</u>.] <def>To garland.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their hair loose and flowing, <i>gyrlanded</i> with
sea grass.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gyr"o*dus</hw> (j&ibreve;r"&osl;*d&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gyro`s</grk> round +
<grk>'odoy`s</grk> tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of extinct
o&ouml;litic fishes, having rounded teeth in several rows adapted for
crushing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy*rog"o*nite</hw> (j&ibreve;*r&obreve;g"&osl;*n&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gy^ros</grk> circle, ring +
<grk>go`nos</grk> fruit.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>The petrified fruit
of the <i>Chara hispida</i>, a species of stonewort. See
<u>Stonewort</u>.</def>  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gy*roid"al</hw> (j&isl;*roid"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>gy^ros</grk> circle + <i>-oid</i> + <i>-al</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Spiral in arrangement or action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Having the planes
arranged spirally, so that they incline all to the right (or left) of
a vertical line; -- said of certain hemihedral forms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Turning the plane of
polarization circularly or spirally to the right or left.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gy*rol"e*pis</hw> (j&ibreve;*r&obreve;l"&esl;*p&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gyro`s</grk> round +
<grk>lepi`s</grk> scale.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of ganoid
fishes, found in strata of the new red sandstone, and the lias bone
beds.</def>  <i>Agassiz.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Gy*ro"ma</hw> (j&isl;*r&omacr;"m&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>gyroy^n</grk> to round, bend,
fr. <grk>gyro`s</grk> round.] <def>A turning round.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Gyr"o*man`cy</hw> (j&ibreve;r"&osl;*m&abreve;n`s&ybreve; or
j&imacr;"r&osl;-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gy^ros</grk> ring,
circle + <i>-mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>gyromancie</i>.] <def>A kind of
divination performed by drawing a ring or circle, and walking in or
around it.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gy"ron</hw> (j&imacr;"r&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>giron</i>; of German origin. See <u>Gore</u> a piece of cloth.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A subordinary of triangular form having one of its
angles at the fess point and the opposite side at the edge of the
escutcheon. When there is only one gyron on the shield it is bounded
by two lines drawn from the fess point, one horizontally to the
dexter side, and one to the dexter chief corner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy"ron*ny</hw> (j&imacr;"r&obreve;n*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>gironn&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Covered with gyrons, or divided so as to form several gyrons; --
said of an escutcheon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy"ro-pi`geon</hw> (j&imacr;"r&osl;*p&ibreve;j`&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>gyrare</i> to revolve + E.
<i>pigeon</i>.] <def>A flying object simulating a pigeon in flight,
when projected from a spring trap. It is used as a flying target in
shooting matches.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gy"ro*scope</hw> (j&imacr;"r&osl;*sk&omacr;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gy^ros</grk> ring, circle + <i>-
scope</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rotating wheel, mounted in a
ring or rings, for illustrating the dynamics of rotating bodies, the
composition of rotations, etc. It was devised by Professor W. R.
Johnson, in 1832, by whom it was called the
<i>rotascope</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A form of the above apparatus, invented by
M. Foucault, mounted so delicately as to render visible the rotation
of the earth, through the tendency of the rotating wheel to preserve
a constant plane of rotation, independently of the earth's
motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy`ro*scop"ic</hw> (-sk&obreve;p"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the gyroscope; resembling the
motion of the gyroscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy*rose"</hw> (j&isl;*r&omacr;s" or j&imacr;"r&omacr;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Gyre</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Turned
round like a crook, or bent to and fro.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gy"ro*stat</hw> (j&imacr;"r&osl;*st&abreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>gy^ros</grk> ring, circle +
<grk>"ista`nai</grk> to cause to stand.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A
modification of the gyroscope, consisting essentially of a fly wheel
fixed inside a rigid case to which is attached a thin flange of metal
for supporting the instrument. It is used in studying the dynamics of
rotating bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy`ro*stat"ic</hw> (-st&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
gyrostat or to gyrostatics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gy`ro*stat"ics</hw> (-&ibreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>The doctrine or theory of the gyrostat, or of
the phenomena of rotating bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gy"rus</hw> (j&imacr;"r&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Gyri</b></plw> (-r&imacr;). [L. See <u>Gyre</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A convoluted ridge between grooves; a
convolution; as, the <i>gyri</i> of the brain; the <i>gyri</i> of
brain coral.  See <u>Brain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gyse</hw> (g&imacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Guise.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gyte</hw> (g&imacr;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Delirious;
senselessly extravagant; as, the man is clean <i>gyte</i>.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.  </i></p>

<p><hw>Gyve</hw> (j&imacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Celtic origin;
cf. W. <i>gefyn</i>, Ir. <i>geibhionn</i>, Gael. <i>geimheal</i>.]
<def>A shackle; especially, one to confine the legs; a fetter.</def>
[Written also <i>give</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like a poor prisoner in his twisted
<i>gyves</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>gyves</i> upon his wrist.</blockquote>
<i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gyve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gyved</u> (j&imacr;vd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Gyving</u>.] <def>To fetter; to shackle; to
chain.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>gyve</i> thee in thine own
courtship.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><point26>H.</point26></p>

<p><hw>H</hw> (&amacr;ch), <def>the eighth letter of the English
alphabet, is classed among the consonants, and is formed with the
mouth organs in the same position as that of the succeeding vowel. It
is used with certain consonants to form digraphs representing sounds
which are not found in the alphabet, as <i>sh</i>, <i>th</i>,
<i>&thlig;</i>, as in <i>shall</i>, <i>thing</i>, <i>&thlig;ine</i>
(for <i>zh</i> see &sect;274); also, to modify the sounds of some
other letters, as when placed after c and p, with the former of which
it represents a compound sound like that of <i>tsh</i>, as in
<i>charm</i> (written also <i>tch</i> as in <i>catch</i>), with the
latter, the sound of <i>f</i>, as in <i>phase</i>, <i>phantom</i>. In
some words, mostly derived or introduced from foreign languages,
<i>h</i> following <i>c</i> and <i>g</i> indicates that those
consonants have the hard sound before <i>e</i>, <i>i</i>, and
<i>y</i>, as in <i>chemistry</i>, <i>chiromancy</i>, <i>chyle</i>,
<i>Ghent</i>, <i>Ghibelline</i>, etc.; in some others, <i>ch</i> has
the sound of <i>sh</i>, as in <i>chicane</i>.  See <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 153, 179, 181-3, 237-8.</def></p>

<p>   The name (aitch) is from the French <i>ache</i>; its form is
from the Latin, and this from the Greek H, which was used as the sign
of the spiritus asper (rough breathing) before it came to represent
the long vowel, Gr. &eta;.  The Greek H is from Ph&oelig;nician, the
ultimate origin probably being Egyptian.  Etymologically H is most
closely related to <i>c</i>; as in E. <i>h</i>orn, L. <i>c</i>ornu,
Gr. <grk>ke`ras</grk>; E. <i>h</i>ele, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
con<i>c</i>eal; E. <i>h</i>ide, L. <i>c</i>utis, Gr.
<grk>ky`tos</grk>; E. <i>h</i>undred, L. <i>c</i>entum, Gr. <grk>"e-
kat-on</grk>, Skr. <i>&csdot;</i>ata.</p>

<p><col>H piece</col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>the part of a plunger pump
which contains the valve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>H</hw> (h&auml;). <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The seventh degree in the
diatonic scale, being used by the Germans for B natural. See
<u>B</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha</hw> (h&auml;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [AS.] <def>An
exclamation denoting surprise, joy, or grief. Both as uttered and as
written, it expresses a great variety of emotions, determined by the
tone or the context. When repeated, <i>ha, ha</i>, it is an
expression of laughter, satisfaction, or triumph, sometimes of
derisive laughter; or sometimes it is equivalent to  "Well, it is
so."</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ha-has</i>, and inarticulate hootings of satirical
rebuke.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haaf</hw> (h&auml;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin;
cf. Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>haf</i> the sea, Dan. <i>hav</i>, perh. akin to E.
<i>haven</i>.] <def>The deepsea fishing for cod, ling, and tusk, off
the Shetland Isles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haak</hw> (h&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea fish. See <u>Hake</u>.</def>
<i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haar</hw> (h&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hoar</u>.]
<def>A fog; esp., a fog or mist with a chill wind.</def> [Scot.]
<i>T. Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ha"be*as cor"pus</hw> (h&amacr;"b&esl;*&abreve;s
k&ocirc;r"p&ubreve;s). [L. you may have the body.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A writ having for its object to bring a party before a court or
judge; especially, one to inquire into the cause of a person's
imprisonment or detention by another, with the view to protect the
right to personal liberty; also, one to bring a prisoner into court
to testify in a pending trial.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ha*ben"dum</hw> (h&adot;*b&ebreve;n"d&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., that must be had.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>That
part of a deed which follows the part called the <i>premises</i>, and
determines the extent of the interest or estate granted; -- so called
because it begins with the word <i>Habendum</i>.</def>
<i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab"er*dash</hw> (h&abreve;b"&etilde;r*d&abreve;sh),
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Haberdasher</u>.] <def>To deal in
small wares.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>haberdash</i> in earth's base ware.</blockquote>
<i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab"er*dash`er</hw> (-d&abreve;sh`&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. Icel. <i>hapurtask</i> trumpery,
trifles, perh. through French. It is possibly akin to E.
<i>haversack</i>, and to Icel. <i>taska</i> trunk, chest, pocket, G.
<i>tasche</i> pocket, and the orig. sense was perh., peddler's
wares.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dealer in small wares, as tapes,
pins, needles, and thread; also, a hatter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>haberdasher</i> heapeth wealth by
hats.</blockquote> <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dealer in drapery goods of various
descriptions, as laces, silks, trimmings, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hab"er*dash`er*y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The goods and wares sold by a haberdasher; also (Fig.),
trifles.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab`er*dine"</hw> (h&abreve;b`&etilde;r*d&emacr;n" or
h&abreve;"b&etilde;r*d&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>abberdaan</i>, <i>labberdaan</i>; or a French form, cf. OF.
<i>habordeau</i>, from the name of a Basque district, cf. F.
<i>Labourd</i>, adj. <i>Labourdin.</i>  The <i>l</i> was
misunderstood as the French article.] <def>A cod salted and
dried.</def>  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha*ber"ge*on</hw> (h&adot;*b&etilde;r"j&esl;*&obreve;n or
h&abreve;b"&etilde;r*j&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>haubergeon</i> a small hauberk, dim. of OF. <i>hauberc</i>, F.
<i>haubert</i>. See <u>Hauberk</u>.] <def>Properly, a short hauberk,
but often used loosely for the hauberk.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab"i*la*to*ry</hw>
(h&abreve;b"&ibreve;*l&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to clothing; wearing clothes.</def>  <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab"ile</hw> (h&abreve;b"&ibreve;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>habile</i>, L. <i>habilis</i>. See <u>Able</u>, <u>Habit</u>.]
<def>Fit; qualified; also, apt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha*bil"i*ment</hw> (h&adot;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>habillement</i>, fr. <i>habiller</i> to
dress, clothe, orig., to make fit, make ready, fr. <i>habile</i> apt,
skillful, L. <i>habilis</i>. See <u>Habile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A garment; an article of clothing.</def>  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Dress, in general.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha*bil"i*ment*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Clothed.</def> <i>Taylor (1630).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha*bil"i*tate</hw> (-t&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>habilitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>habilitare</i> to enable.]
<def>Qualified or entitled.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha*bil"i*tate</hw> (-t&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To fit out; to equip; to qualify; to entitle.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha*bil`i*ta"tion</hw> (-t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>habilitatio</i>: cf. F.
<i>habilitation</i>.] <def>Equipment; qualification.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha*bil"i*ty</hw> (h&adot;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ability</u>.] <def>Ability;
aptitude.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab"it</hw> (h&abreve;b"&ibreve;t) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>habit</i>, <i>abit</i>, F.  <i>habit</i> fr. L. <i>habitus</i>
state, appearance, dress, fr. <i>habere</i> to have, be in a
condition; prob. akin to E. <i>have.</i> See <u>Have</u>, and cf.
<u>Able</u>, <u>Binnacle</u>, <u>Debt</u>, <u>Due</u>,
<u>Exhibit</u>, <u>Malady.</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The usual
condition or state of a person or thing, either natural or acquired,
regarded as something had, possessed, and firmly retained; as, a
religious <i>habit</i>; his <i>habit</i> is morose; elms have a
spreading <i>habit</i>; esp., physical temperament or constitution;
as, a full <i>habit</i> of body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The general appearance and
manner of life of a living organism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fixed or established custom; ordinary
course of conduct; practice; usage; hence, prominently, the
involuntary tendency or aptitude to perform certain actions which is
acquired by their frequent repetition; as, <i>habit</i> is second
nature; also, peculiar ways of acting; characteristic forms of
behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of very shy, retired <i>habits</i>.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Outward appearance; attire; dress; hence,
a garment; esp., a closely fitting garment or dress worn by ladies;
as, a riding <i>habit</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Costly thy <i>habit</i> as thy purse can
buy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are, among the statues, several of Venus, in
different <i>habits</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Practice; mode; manner; way; custom; fashion.  --
<u>Habit</u>, <u>Custom</u>. <i>Habit</i> is a disposition or
tendency leading us to do easily, naturally, and with growing
certainty, what we do often; <i>custom</i> is external, being
habitual use or the frequent repetition of the same act. The two
operate reciprocally on each other. The <i>custom</i> of giving
produces a <i>habit</i> of liberality; <i>habits</i> of devotion
promote the <i>custom</i> of going to church. <i>Custom</i> also
supposes an act of the will, selecting given modes of procedure;
<i>habit</i> is a law of our being, a kind of "second nature" which
grows up within us.</p>

<p><blockquote>How use doth breed a <i>habit</i> in a man
!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He who reigns . . . upheld by old repute,<BR>
Consent, or <i>custom</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab"it</hw> (h&abreve;b"&ibreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Habited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Habiting</u>.] [OE. <i>habiten</i> to dwell, F.
<i>habiter</i>, fr. L. <i>habitare</i> to have frequently, to dwell,
intens. fr. <i>habere</i> to have. See <u>Habit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inhabit.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In thilke places as they [birds]
<i>habiten</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Rom. of R. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dress; to clothe; to array.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>habited</i> themselves like those rural
deities.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To accustom; to habituate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab`it*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (-
&adot;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Habitableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hab"it*a*ble</hw> (h&abreve;b"&ibreve;t*&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <u>habitable</u>, L. <i>habitabilis</i>.]
<def>Capable of being inhabited; that may be inhabited or dwelt in;
as, the <i>habitable</i> world.</def> -- <wf>Hab"it*a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Hab"it*a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 662 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>Hab"it*a*cle</hw> (h&abreve;b"&ibreve;t*&adot;*k'l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>habitacle</i> dwelling place, binnacle,
L. <i>habitaculum</i> dwelling place. See <u>Binnacle</u>,
<u>Habit</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A dwelling place.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha`bi`tan"</hw> (&adot;`b&esl;`t&auml;&nsc;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Habitant</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>General Arnold met an emissary . . . sent . . . to
ascertain the feelings of the <i>habitans</i> or French
yeomanry.</blockquote> <i>W. Irwing.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab"it*ance</hw> (h&abreve;b"&ibreve;t*<i>a</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>habitance</i>, LL. <i>habitantia</i>.]
<def>Dwelling; abode; residence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab"it*an*cy</hw> (-<i>a</i>n*s&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Inhabitancy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hab"it*ant</hw> (-<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>habitant</i>. See <u>Habit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant; a dweller.</def>
<i>Milton.</i> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>pron.</i> &adot;`b&esl;`t&auml;&nsc;"]
<def>An inhabitant or resident; -- a name applied to and denoting
farmers of French descent or origin in Canada, especially in the
Province of Quebec; -- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>habitants</i> or cultivators of the
soil.</blockquote> <i>Parkman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab"i*tat</hw> (h&abreve;b"&ibreve;*t&abreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., it dwells, fr. <i>habitare</i>. See
<u>Habit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The natural abode, locality or region of an
animal or plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Place where anything is commonly
found.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This word has its <i>habitat</i> in
Oxfordshire.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab`i*ta"tion</hw> (-t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>habitation</i>, L. <i>habitatio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inhabiting; state of inhabiting or
dwelling, or of being inhabited; occupancy.</def>  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Place of abode; settled dwelling;
residence; house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord . . . blesseth the <i>habitation</i> of the
just.</blockquote> <i>Prov. iii. 33.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab"i*ta`tor</hw> (h&abreve;b"&ibreve;*t&amacr;`t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A dweller; an inhabitant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab"it*ed</hw> (-&ibreve;t*&ebreve;d), <pos><i>p. p. &
a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Clothed; arrayed; dressed; as,
he was <i>habited</i> like a shepherd.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fixed by habit; accustomed.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>habited</i> he was in sobriety.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inhabited.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Another world, which is <i>habited</i> by the ghosts
of men and women.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha*bit"u*al</hw> (h&adot;*b&ibreve;t"&usl;*<i>a</i>l; 135),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>habituel</i>, LL. <i>habitualis</i>.
See <u>Habit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Formed or acquired by habit or use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>habitual</i> knowledge of certain rules and
maxims.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to habit; established by habit;
customary; constant; as, the <i>habitual</i> practice of
sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the distinguishing mark of <i>habitual</i> piety
to be grateful for the most common and ordinary
blessings.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Customary; accustomed; usual; common; wonted;
ordinary; regular; familiar.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ha*bit"u*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ha*bit"u*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ha*bit"u*ate</hw> (-&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Habituated</u> (-
&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Habituating</u> (-&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng).] [L. <i>habituatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>habituare</i> to bring into a condition or habit of body:
cf. F. <i>habituer</i>. See <u>Habit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make accustomed; to accustom; to familiarize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our English dogs, who were <i>habituated</i> to a
colder clime.</blockquote> <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men are first corrupted . . . and next they
<i>habituate</i> themselves to their vicious practices.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To settle as an inhabitant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha*bit"u*ate</hw> (-&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Firmly
established by custom; formed by habit; habitual.</def> [R.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha*bit`u*a"tion</hw> (-&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>habituation</i>.] <def>The act of
habituating, or accustoming; the state of being habituated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hab"i*tude</hw> (h&abreve;b"&ibreve;*t&umacr;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>habitudo</i> condition. See
<u>Habit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Habitual attitude; usual or
accustomed state with reference to something else; established or
usual relations.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The same ideas having immutably the same
<i>habitudes</i> one to another.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The verdict of the judges was biased by nothing else
than their <i>habitudes</i> of thinking.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Habitual association, intercourse, or
familiarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To write well, one must have frequent <i>habitudes</i>
with the best company.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Habit of body or of action.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is impossible to gain an exact <i>habitude</i>
without an infinite number of acts and perpetual
practice.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ha`bi`tu`&eacute;"</hw> (&adot;`b&esl;`t&usdot;`&asl;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., p. p. of <i>habituer</i>. See
<u>Habituate</u>.] <def>One who habitually frequents a place; as, an
<i>habitu&eacute;</i> of a theater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hab"i*ture</hw> (h&abreve;b"&ibreve;*t&usl;r; 135),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Habitude.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Hab"i*tus</hw> (-t&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Habitude; mode of life; general
appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"ble</hw> (h&amacr;"b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Habile</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hab"nab</hw> (h&abreve;b"n&abreve;b), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[<u>Hobnob</u>.] <def>By chance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hach"ure</hw> (h&abreve;ch"&usl;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. <i>hacher</i> to hack. See <u>Hatching</u>.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<def>A short line used in drawing and engraving, especially in
shading and denoting different surfaces, as in map drawing. See
<u>Hatching</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ha`ci*en"da</hw> (&auml;`th&esl;*&asl;n"d&adot; or
h&auml;`s&ibreve;*&ebreve;n"d&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr.
OSp. <i>facienda</i> employment, estate, fr. L. <i>facienda</i>, pl.
of <i>faciendum</i> what is to be done, fr. <i>facere</i> to do. See
<u>Fact</u>.] <def>A large estate where work of any kind is done, as
agriculture, manufacturing, mining, or raising of animals; a
cultivated farm, with a good house, in distinction from a farming
establishment with rude huts for herdsmen, etc.; -- a word used in
Spanish-American regions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack</hw> (h&abreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hatch</u>
a half door.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A frame or grating of various
kinds; as, a frame for drying bricks, fish, or cheese; a rack for
feeding cattle; a grating in a mill race, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unburned brick or tile, stacked up for
drying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hacked</u> (h&abreve;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hacking</u>.] [OE. <i>hakken</i>, AS. <i>haccian</i>;
akin to D. <i>hakken</i>, G. <i>hacken</i>, Dan. <i>hakke</i>, Sw.
<i>hacka</i>, and perh. to E. <i>hew</i>.  Cf. <u>Hew</u> to cut,
<u>Haggle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut irregulary, without
skill or definite purpose; to notch; to mangle by repeated strokes of
a cutting instrument; as, to <i>hack</i> a post.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My sword <i>hacked</i> like a handsaw.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To mangle in speaking.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cough faintly and
frequently, or in a short, broken manner; as, a <i>hacking</i>
cough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
notch; a cut.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An implement for cutting a notch; a large
pick used in breaking stone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hacking; a catch in speaking; a short,
broken cough.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Football)</i> <def>A kick on the
shins.</def>  <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><col>Hack saw</col>, <cd>a handsaw having a narrow blade stretched
in an iron frame, for cutting metal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hack</hw> (h&abreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Shortened fr.
<i>hackney</i>. See <u>Hackney</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A horse, hackneyed or let out for common
hire; also, a horse used in all kinds of work, or a saddle horse, as
distinguished from hunting and carriage horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coach or carriage let for hire;
particularly, a coach with two seats inside facing each other; a
hackney coach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On horse, on foot, in <i>hacks</i> and gilded
chariots.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bookmaker who hires himself out for any
sort of literary work; an overworked man; a drudge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here lies poor Ned Purdon, from misery freed,<BR>
Who long was a bookseller's <i>hack</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A procuress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hackneyed; hired;
mercenary.</def>  <i>Wakefield.</i></p>

<p><col>Hack writer</col>, <cd>a hack; one who writes for hire.</cd>
"A vulgar <i>hack writer</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
use as a hack; to let out for hire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use frequently and indiscriminately, so
as to render trite and commonplace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word "remarkable" has been so <i>hacked</i> of
late.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be exposed or offered to common use for hire; to turn
prostitute.</def>  <i>Hanmer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To live the life of a drudge or
hack.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hack"a*more</hw> (-&adot;*m&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. Sp. <i>jaquima</i> headstall of a halter.] <def>A halter
consisting of a long leather or rope strap and headstall, -- used for
leading or tieing a pack animal.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hack"ber`ry</hw> (h&abreve;k"b&ebreve;r`r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees
(<i>Celtis</i>) related to the elm, but bearing drupes with scanty,
but often edible, pulp. <i>C. occidentalis</i> is common in the
Eastern United States.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hack"bolt`</hw> (-b&omacr;lt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The greater shearwater or hagdon. See
<u>Hagdon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack"buss</hw> (-b&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Hagbut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack"ee</hw> (-&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chipmunk; also, the chickaree or red
squirrel.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hack"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, hacks. Specifically: A cutting instrument for making
notches; esp., one used for notching pine trees in collecting
turpentine; a hack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack"er*y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>chhakr&amacr;</i>.] <def>A cart with wooden wheels, drawn by
bullocks.</def> [Bengal]  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hac"kle</hw> (h&abreve;k"k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Heckle</u>, and cf. <u>Hatchel</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A comb for dressing flax, raw silk, etc.;
a hatchel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any flimsy substance unspun, as raw
silk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the peculiar, long, narrow feathers
on the neck of fowls, most noticeable on the cock, -- often used in
making artificial flies; hence, any feather so used.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An artificial fly for angling, made of
feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hac"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hackled</u> (-k'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hackling</u> (-kl&ibreve;ng).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To separate, as the coarse part of flax or hemp from the fine,
by drawing it through the teeth of a hackle or hatchel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tear asunder; to break in
pieces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The other divisions of the kingdom being
<i>hackled</i> and torn to pieces.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hac"kly</hw> (h&abreve;k"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[From <u>Hackle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rough or broken, as if
hacked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Having fine, short, and
sharp points on the surface; as, the <i>hackly</i> fracture of
metallic iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack"man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hackmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>The driver of a hack or
carriage for public hire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack"ma*tack`</hw> (-m&adot;*t&abreve;k`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of American Indian origin.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The American larch (<i>Larix Americana</i>), a coniferous tree
with slender deciduous leaves; also, its heavy, close-grained timber.
Called also <i>tamarack</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack"ney</hw> (-n&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hackneys</b></plw> (-n&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>hakeney</i>,
<i>hakenay</i>; cf. F. <i>haquen&eacute;e</i> a pacing horse, an
ambling nag, OF. also <i>haguen&eacute;e</i>, Sp. <i>hacanea</i>,
OSp.  <i>facanea</i>, D. <i>hakkenei</i>, also OF. <i>haque</i>
horse, Sp. <i>haca</i>, OSp. <i>faca</i>; perh. akin to E.
<i>hack</i> to cut, and <i>nag</i>, and orig. meaning, a jolting
horse.  Cf. <u>Hack</u> a horse, <u>Nag</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A horse for riding or driving; a nag; a pony.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A horse or pony kept for hire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A carriage kept for hire; a hack; a
hackney coach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A hired drudge; a hireling; a
prostitute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack"ney</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Let out for hire;
devoted to common use; hence, much used; trite; mean; as,
<i>hackney</i> coaches; <i>hackney</i> authors.</def> "<i>Hackney</i>
tongue."  <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hack"ney</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hackneyed</u> (-n&ibreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hackneying</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To devote to
common or frequent use, as a horse or carriage; to wear out in common
service; to make trite or commonplace; as, a <i>hackneyed</i>
metaphor or quotation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had I so lavish of my presence been,<BR>
So common-<i>hackneyed</i> in the eyes of men.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry in a hackney coach.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hack"ney*man</hw> (-m&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Hackneymen</b></plw> (-m&ebreve;n). <def>A man who
lets horses and carriages for hire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack"ster</hw> (-st&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Hack</u> to cut.] <def>A bully; a bravo; a ruffian; an
assassin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hac"que*ton</hw> (h&abreve;k"k&esl;*t&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Acton</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Had</hw> (h&abreve;d), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Have</u>. [OE. <i>had</i>, <i>hafde</i>, <i>hefde</i>, AS.
<i>h&aelig;fde</i>.] <def>See <u>Have</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Had as lief</b></col>, <col><b>Had rather</b></col>,
<col><b>Had better</b></col>, <col><b>Had as soon</b></col>, etc.,
<cd>with a nominative and followed by the infinitive without
<i>to</i>, are well established idiomatic forms. The original
construction was that of the dative with forms of <i>be</i>, followed
by the infinitive. See <i>Had better</i>, under
<u>Better</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>lever me is</i> be pore and trewe.<BR>
[And more agreeable to me it is to be poor and true.]</blockquote>
<i>C. Mundi (Trans.).</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Him had been lever</i> to be syke.<BR>
[To him it had been preferable to be sick.]</blockquote>
<i>Fabian.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>him was lever</i> have at his bed's head<BR>
Twenty bookes, clad in black or red, . . . <BR>
Than robes rich, or fithel, or gay sawtrie.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>Gradually the nominative was substituted for the dative, and
<i>had</i> for the forms of <i>be</i>. During the process of
transition, the nominative with <i>was</i> or <i>were</i>, and the
dative with <i>had</i>, are found.</p>

<p><blockquote>Poor lady, <i>she were better</i> love a
dream.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>You were best</i> hang yourself.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Me rather had</i> my heart might feel your love<BR>
Than my unpleased eye see your courtesy.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>I hadde levere</i> than my scherte,<BR>
That ye hadde rad his legende, as have I.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>I had as lief</i> not be as live to be<BR>
In awe of such a thing as I myself.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>I had rather</i> be a dog and bay the moon,<BR>
Than such a Roman.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>I had rather</i> be a doorkeeper in the house of my
God, than to dwell in the tents of wickedness.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
lxxxiv. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Had"der</hw> (h&abreve;d"d&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Heather; heath.</def> [Obs.] <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Had"die</hw> (-d&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The haddock.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Had"dock</hw> (-d&ubreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>hadok</i>, <i>haddok</i>, of unknown origin; cf. Ir. <i>codog</i>,
Gael. <i>adag</i>, F. <i>hadot</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
marine food fish (<i>Melanogrammus &aelig;glefinus</i>), allied to
the cod, inhabiting the northern coasts of Europe and America. It has
a dark lateral line and a black spot on each side of the body, just
back of the gills. Galled also <i>haddie</i>, and
<i>dickie</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Norway haddock</b></col>, <cd>a marine edible fish
(<i>Sebastes marinus</i>) of Northern Europe and America. See <u>Rose
fish</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hade</hw> (h&amacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>heald</i> inclined, bowed down, G. <i>halde</i> declivity.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The descent of a hill.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The inclination or
deviation from the vertical of any mineral vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hade</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To
deviate from the vertical; -- said of a vein, fault, or
lode.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"des</hw> (h&amacr;"d&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"a',dhs</grk>, <grk>"A'idhs</grk>; <grk>'a</grk> priv. +
<grk>'idei^n</grk> to see.  Cf. <u>Un-</u>, <u>Wit</u>.] <def>The
nether world (according to classical mythology, the abode of the
shades, ruled over by Hades or Pluto); the invisible world; the
grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And death and <i>Hades</i> gave up the dead which were
in them.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xx. 13 (Rev. Ver.).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither was he left in <i>Hades</i>, nor did his flesh
see corruption.</blockquote> <i>Acts ii. 31 (Rev. Ver.).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And in <i>Hades</i> he lifted up his eyes, being in
torments.</blockquote> <i>Luke xvi. 23 (Rev. Ver.).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hadj</hw> (h&abreve;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>hajj</i>, fr. <i>hajja</i> to set out, walk, go on a pilgrimage.]
<def>The pilgrimage to Mecca, performed by Mohammedans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hadj"i</hw> (-&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>h&amacr;jj&imacr;</i>. See <u>Hadj</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
Mohammedan pilgrim to Mecca; -- used among Orientals as a respectful
salutation or a title of honor.</def>  <i>G. W. Curtis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Greek or Armenian who has visited the
holy sepulcher at Jerusalem.</def>  <i>Heyse.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Had`ro*sau"rus</hw> (h&abreve;d`r&osl;*s&add;"r&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"adro`s</grk> thick +
<grk>say^ros</grk> lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An American
herbivorous dinosaur of great size, allied to the iguanodon. It is
found in the Cretaceous formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;c*ce"i*ty</hw>
(h&ebreve;k*s&emacr;"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), [L. <i>h&aelig;cce</i>
this.] <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Literally, <i>this-ness</i>. A scholastic
term to express individuality or singleness; as, <i>this</i>
book.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"a-</hw> (h&ebreve;m"&adot;- or h&emacr;"m&adot;-),
<hw>H&aelig;m"a*to-</hw> (h&ebreve;m"&adot;*t&osl;- or
h&emacr;"m&adot;*t&osl;-), <hw>H&aelig;m"o-</hw> (h&ebreve;m"&osl;-
or h&emacr;"m&osl;-). [Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk>, <grk>a"i`matos</grk>,
blood.] <def>Combining forms indicating <i>relation or resemblance to
blood</i>, <i>association with blood</i>; as, <i>h&aelig;ma</i>pod,
<i>h&aelig;mato</i>genesis, <i>h&aelig;mo</i>scope.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Words from Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk> are written <i>hema-</i>,
<i>hemato-</i>, <i>hemo-</i>, as well as <i>h&aelig;ma-</i>,
<i>h&aelig;mato-</i>, <i>h&aelig;mo-</i>.</p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"a*chrome</hw> (h&ebreve;m"&adot;*kr&omacr;m or
h&emacr;"m&adot;-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;ma-</i> + Gr.
<grk>chrw^ma</grk> color.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>Hematin.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*cy"a*nin</hw> (-s&imacr;"&adot;*n&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;ma-</i> + Gr. <grk>ky`anos</grk> a
dark blue substance.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A substance found
in the blood of the octopus, which gives to it its blue
color.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When deprived of oxygen it is colorless, but becomes
quickly blue in contact with oxygen, and is then generally called
<i>oxyh&aelig;macyanin</i>. A similar blue coloring matter has been
detected in small quantity in the blood of other animals and in the
bile.</p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*cy*tom"e*ter</hw> (-
s&isl;*t&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>H&aelig;ma</i> + Gr. <grk>ky`tos</grk> a hollow vessel + <i>-
meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An apparatus for determining the
number of corpuscles in a given quantity of blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;"mad</hw> (h&emacr;"m&abreve;d),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;ma-</i> + L. <i>ad</i> toward.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Toward the h&aelig;mal side; on the h&aelig;mal
side of; -- opposed to <i>neurad</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>H&aelig;m`a*drom"e*ter</hw>
(h&ebreve;m`&adot;*dr&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r or h&emacr;`m&adot;-
), <hw>H&aelig;m`a*dro*mom"e*ter</hw> (-
dr&osl;*m&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Hemadrometer</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>H&aelig;m`a*drom"e*try</hw> (-
dr&obreve;m"&esl;*tr&ybreve;),<hw>H&aelig;m`a*dro*mom"e*try</hw> (-
dr&osl;*m&obreve;m"&esl;*tr&ybreve;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Hemadrometry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*drom"o*graph</hw> (-dr&obreve;m"&osl;*gr&adot;f),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;ma-</i> + Gr. <grk>dro`mos</grk>
course + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for
registering the velocity of the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;`ma*dy*nam"e*ter</hw>
(h&emacr;`m&adot;*d&isl;*n&abreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r or
h&ebreve;m`&adot;*d&ibreve;-) <hw>H&aelig;`ma*dy`na*mom"e*ter</hw>
(h&emacr;`m&adot;*d&imacr;`n&adot;*m&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r or
h&ebreve;m`&adot;*d&ibreve;n`&adot;-), <def>Same as
<u>Hemadynamometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;ma*dy*nam"ics</hw>
(h&emacr;`m&adot;*d&isl;*n&abreve;m"&ibreve;ks or
h&ebreve;m`&adot;*d&ibreve;-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hemadynamics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;"mal</hw> (h&emacr;"m<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood.] <def>Pertaining to the blood or blood
vessels; also, ventral. See <u>Hemal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*ph&aelig;"in</hw>
(h&ebreve;m`&adot;*f&emacr;"&ibreve;n or h&emacr;`m&adot;-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;ma-</i> + Gr. <grk>faio`s</grk>
dusky.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A brownish substance sometimes found
in the blood, in cases of jaundice.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"a*pod</hw> (h&ebreve;m"&adot;*p&obreve;d or
h&emacr;"m&adot;*p&obreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;ma</i>
+ <i>-pod</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An h&aelig;mapodous
animal.</def>  <i>G. Rolleston.</i></p>

<p><! p. 663 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;*map"o*dous</hw> (h&esl;*m&abreve;p"&osl;*d&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the limbs on, or
directed toward, the ventral or hemal side, as in vertebrates; --
opposed to <i>neuropodous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*poi*et"ic</hw>
(h&ebreve;m`&adot;*poi*&ebreve;t"&ibreve;k or h&emacr;`m&adot;-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;ma-</i> + Gr. <grk>poihtiko`s</grk>
productive.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Blood-forming; as, the
<i>h&aelig;mapoietic</i> function of the spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||H&aelig;m`a*poph"y*sis</hw> (-
p&obreve;f"&ibreve;*s&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>Same
as <u>Hemapophysis</u>.</def> -- <wf>H&aelig;m`a*po*phys"i*al</wf> (-
p&osl;*f&ibreve;z"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*stat"ics</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hemastatics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*ta*chom"e*ter</hw> (-
t&adot;*k&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>H&aelig;ma-</i> + Gr. <grk>tachy`s</grk> swift + <i>-meter</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A form of apparatus (somewhat different from
the <i>hemadrometer</i>) for measuring the velocity of the
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*ta*chom"e*try</hw> (-tr&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The measurement of the
velocity of the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*tem"e*sis</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hematemesis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;*mat"ic</hw> (h&esl;*m&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>a"imatiko`s</grk>] <def>Of or
pertaining to the blood; sanguine; brownish red.</def></p>

<p><col><b>H&aelig;matic acid</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>,
<cd>a hypothetical acid, supposed to be formed from hemoglobin during
its oxidation in the lungs, and to have the power of freeing carbonic
acid from the sodium carbonate of the serum.</cd>
<i>Thudichum.</i></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"a*tin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hematin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*ti*nom"e*ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Hematinometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*tin`o*met"ric</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Hematinometric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"a*tite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hematite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*tit"ic</hw>
(h&ebreve;m`&adot;*t&ibreve;t"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of a blood-red color; crimson;</def>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>brownish red.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"a*to-</hw> (h&ebreve;m"&adot;*t&osl;- or h&emacr;"-
), <pos><i>prefix.</i></pos> <def>See <u>H&aelig;ma-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"a*to*blast`</hw> (-bl&abreve;st`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;mato-</i> + <i>-blast</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the very minute, disk-shaped bodies found
in blood with the ordinary red corpuscles and white corpuscles; a
third kind of blood corpuscle, supposed by some to be an early stage
in the development of the red corpuscles; -- called also <i>blood
plaque</i>, and <i>blood plate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||H&aelig;m`a*toc"ry*a</hw> (t&obreve;k"r&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cold-blooded
vertebrates. Same as <u>Hematocrya</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`*a*toc"ry*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cold-blooded.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*to*crys"tal*lin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Hematocrystallin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;`ma*to*dy`na*mom"e*ter</hw>
(h&emacr;`m&adot;*t&osl;*d&imacr;`n&adot;*m&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r
or h&ebreve;m`&adot;*t&osl;*d&ibreve;n`&adot;-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Hemadynamometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*to*gen"e*sis</hw>
(h&ebreve;m`&adot;*t&osl;*j&ebreve;n"&esl;*s&ibreve;s or
h&emacr;`m&adot;*t&osl;-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;mato-</i>
+ <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
origin and development of blood.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
transformation of venous into arterial blood by respiration;
hematosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*to*gen"ic</hw> (-j&ebreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Relating to
h&aelig;matogenesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*tog"e*nous</hw> (-t&obreve;j"&esl;*n&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Originating in the
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*to*glob"u*lin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Hematoglobulin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"a*toid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hematoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*toid"in</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hematoidin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;*mat"o*in</hw> (h&esl;*m&abreve;t"&osl;*&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;mato-</i> + <i>-in</i>.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A substance formed from the hematin of
blood, by removal of the iron through the action of concentrated
sulphuric acid. Two like bodies, called respectively
<i>h&aelig;matoporphyrin</i> and <i>h&aelig;matolin</i>, are formed
in a similar manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;*mat"o*lin</hw> (-l&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>H&aelig;matoin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*tol"o*gy</hw>
(h&ebreve;m`&adot;*t&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve; or h&emacr;`m&adot;-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science which treats of the blood. Same
as <u>Hematology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*tom"e*ter</hw> (-t&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;mato-</i> + <i>-meter</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as
<u>Hemadynamometer</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument
for determining the number of blood corpuscles in a given quantity of
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>||H&aelig;m`a*to*phi*li"na</hw> (-
t&osl;*f&ibreve;*l&imacr;"n&adot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk>, <grk>a"i`matos</grk>, blood
+<grk>filei^n</grk> to love.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
Cheiroptera, including the bloodsucking bats. See
<u>Vampire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"a*to*plast`</hw> (-pl&abreve;st`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;mato-</i> + Gr. <grk>pla`ssein</grk>
to mold.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>H&aelig;matoblast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*to*plas"tic</hw> (-pl&abreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;mato-</i> + <i>-plastic</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Blood formative; -- applied to a substance in
early fetal life, which breaks up gradually into blood
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*to*por"phy*rin</hw> (-
p&ocirc;r"f&ibreve;*r&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>H&aelig;mato-</i> + Gr. <grk>porfy`ra</grk> purple.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>H&aelig;matoin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"a*to*sac`</hw> (-s&abreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>H&aelig;mato-</i> + <i>sac</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A vascular
sac connected, beneath the brain, in many fishes, with the
infundibulum.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"a*to*scope`</hw> (-sk&omacr;p`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A h&aelig;moscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*to"sin</hw> (h&ebreve;m`&adot;*t&omacr;"s&ibreve;n
or h&esl;*m&abreve;t"&osl;*s&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Hematin.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||H&aelig;m`a*to"sis</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hematosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||H&aelig;m`a*to*ther"ma</hw>
(h&ebreve;m`&adot;*t&osl;*th&etilde;r"m&adot; or h&emacr;`m&adot;-),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hematotherma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*to*ther"mal</hw> (-m<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Warm-blooded; homoiothermal.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*to*tho"rax</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hemothorax</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`a*tox"y*lin</hw> (-t&obreve;ks"&ibreve;*l&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>H&aelig;matoxylon</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The coloring principle of logwood. It is obtained as a yellow
crystalline substance, C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>14</sub>O<sub>6</sub>,
with a sweetish taste. Formerly called also <i>hematin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||H&aelig;m`a*tox"y*lon</hw> (-l&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood +
<grk>xy`lon</grk> wood.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of leguminous
plants containing but a single species, the <i>H. Campechianum</i> or
logwood tree, native in Yucatan.</def></p>

<p><hw>||H&aelig;m`a*to*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (-t&osl;*z&omacr;"&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>H&aelig;matozoa</b></plw> (-
&adot;). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk>, <grk>a"i`matos</grk>, blood
+ <grk>zw^,on</grk> animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A parasite
inhabiting the blood</def>; esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Certain
species of nematodes of the genus <i>Filaria</i>, sometimes found in
the blood of man, the horse, the dog, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The trematode, <i>Bilharzia h&aelig;matobia</i>, which infests
the inhabitants of Egypt and other parts of Africa, often causing
death.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;"mic</hw> (h&emacr;"m&ibreve;k or
h&ebreve;m"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
blood; hemal.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;"min</hw> (h&amacr;"m&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Hemin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"o-</hw> (h&ebreve;m"&osl;- or h&emacr;"m&osl;-),
<pos><i>prefix.</i></pos> <def>See <u>H&aelig;ma-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"o*chrome</hw> (-kr&omacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>H&aelig;machrome</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*chro"mo*gen</hw> (-kr&omacr;"m&osl;*j&ebreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;mochrome</i> + <i>-gen</i>.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A body obtained from hemoglobin, by the
action of reducing agents in the absence of oxygen.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*chro*mom"e*ter</hw> (-
kr&osl;*m&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>H&aelig;mochrome</i> +  <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>An apparatus for measuring the amount of hemoglobin in a fluid,
by comparing it with a solution of known strength and of normal
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*cy"a*nin</hw> (-s&imacr;"&adot;*n&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>H&aelig;macyanin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||H&aelig;m`o*cy*tol"y*sis</hw> (-
s&isl;*t&obreve;l"&ibreve;*s&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood + <grk>ky`tos</grk> hollow vessel +
<grk>ly`ein</grk> to loosen, dissolve.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>See
<u>H&aelig;mocytotrypsis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*cy*tom"e*ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>H&aelig;macytometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||H&aelig;m`o*cy`to*tryp"sis</hw> (-
s&imacr;`t&osl;*tr&ibreve;p"s&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood + <grk>ky`tos</grk> hollow vessel +
<grk>tri`bein</grk> to rub, grind.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A breaking
up of the blood corpuscles, as by pressure, in distinction from
solution of the corpuscles, or <i>h&aelig;mocytolysis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*drom"o*graph</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>H&aelig;madromograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*dro*mom"e*ter</hw>(-
dr&osl;*m&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r),<pos><i>n.</i></pos><def>Same as
<u>Hemadrometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;`mo*dy*nam"e*ter</hw>
(h&emacr;`m&osl;*d&isl;*n&abreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r or
h&ebreve;m`&osl;*d&ibreve;-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hemadynamometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;`mo*dy*nam"ics</hw>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos><def>Same as
<u>Hemadynamics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*glo"bin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hemoglobin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*glo`bin*om"e*ter</hw> (-
&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>H&aelig;moglobin</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Hemochromometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*lu"te*in</hw> (-l&umacr;"t&esl;*&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;mo-</i> + corpus <i>lute</i>um.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>See <u>Hematoidin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*ma*nom"e*ter</hw> (-
m&adot;*n&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>H&aelig;mo-</i> + <i>manometer</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Hemadynamometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;*mom"e*ter</hw> (h&esl;*m&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;mo-</i> + <i>-meter</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Hemadynamometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;"mo*ny</hw> (h&emacr;"m&osl;*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>H&aelig;monia</i> a name of Thessaly, the
land of magic.] <def>A plant described by Milton as "of sovereign use
against all enchantments."</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*plas"tic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>H&aelig;matoplastic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"or*rhoid"al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hemorrhoidal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m"o*scope</hw> (h&ebreve;m"&osl;*sk&omacr;p or
h&emacr;"m&osl;-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>H&aelig;mo-</i> + <i>-
scope</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument devised by Hermann,
for regulating and measuring the thickness of a layer of blood for
spectroscopic examination.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*stat"ic</hw> (-st&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Hemostatic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*ta*chom"e*ter</hw> (-
t&adot;*k&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>H&aelig;matachometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;m`o*ta*chom"e*try</hw> (-tr&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>H&aelig;matachometry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haf</hw> (h&auml;f), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Heave</u>.
<def>Hove.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haf"fle</hw> (h&abreve;f"f'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>haften</i> to cling, stick to, Prov. G., to stop, stammer.]
<def>To stammer; to speak unintelligibly; to prevaricate.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haft</hw> (h&adot;ft), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&aelig;ft</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>heft</i>, Icel. <i>hepti</i>,
and to E. <i>heave</i>, or <i>have</i>.  Cf. <u>Heft</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A handle; that part of an instrument or
vessel taken into the hand, and by which it is held and used; -- said
chiefly of a knife, sword, or dagger; the hilt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This brandish'd dagger<BR>
I'll bury to the <i>haft</i> in her fair breast.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dwelling.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haft</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set in, or furnish
with, a haft; as, to <i>haft</i> a dagger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haft"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>haften</i> to cling or stick to, and E. <i>haffle</i>.] <def>A
caviler; a wrangler.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Baret.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag</hw> (h&abreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hagge</i>,
<i>hegge</i>, witch, hag, AS. <i>h&aelig;gtesse</i>; akin to OHG.
<i>hagazussa</i>, G. <i>hexe</i>, D. <i>heks</i>, Dan. <i>hex</i>,
Sw. <i>h&auml;xa</i>. The first part of the word is prob. the same as
E. <i>haw</i>, <i>hedge</i>, and the orig. meaning was perh., wood
woman, wild woman. &radic;12.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A witch,
sorceress, or enchantress; also, a wizard.</def> [Obs.] "[Silenus]
that old <i>hag</i>."  <i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ugly old woman.</def><i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fury; a she-monster.</def>
<i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An eel-like marine
marsipobranch (<i>Myxine glutinosa</i>), allied to the lamprey. It
has a suctorial mouth, with labial appendages, and a single pair of
gill openings. It is the type of the order Hyperotreta.  Called also
<i>hagfish</i>, <i>borer</i>, <i>slime eel</i>, <i>sucker</i>, and
<i>sleepmarken</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hagdon or
shearwater.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An appearance of light and fire on a
horse's mane or a man's hair.</def>  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hag moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a moth
(<i>Phobetron pithecium</i>), the larva of which has curious side
appendages, and feeds on fruit trees.</cd> -- <col><b>Hag's
tooth</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an ugly irregularity in the
pattern of matting or pointing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hagged</u> (h&abreve;gd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hagging</u>.] <def>To harass; to weary with
vexation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How are superstitious men <i>hagged</i> out of their
wits with the fancy of omens.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>hag</i> to cut; cf.
E. <i>hack</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small wood, or part of a
wood or copse, which is marked off or inclosed for felling, or which
has been felled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This said, he led me over hoults and <i>hags</i>;<BR>
Through thorns and bushes scant my legs I drew.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quagmire; mossy ground where peat or
turf has been cut.</def>  <i>Dugdale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"ber`ry</hw> (h&abreve;g"b&ebreve;r`r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Prunus</i> (<i>P. Padus</i>); the bird cherry.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Hag"born`</hw> (-b&ocirc;rn`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born
of a hag or witch.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"but</hw> (-b&ubreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>haquebute</i>, prob. a corruption of D. <i>haakbus</i>;
<i>haak</i> hook + <i>bus</i> gun barrel. See <u>Hook</u>, and 2d
<u>Box</u>, and cf. <u>Arquebus</u>.] <def>A harquebus, of which the
but was bent down or hooked for convenience in taking aim.</def>
[Written also <i>haguebut</i> and <i>hackbuss</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hag"but*ter</hw> (h&abreve;g"b&ubreve;t*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soldier armed with a hagbut or
arquebus.</def> [Written also <i>hackbutter</i>.]  <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"don</hw> (h&abreve;g"d&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species of sea birds of the
genus <i>Puffinus</i>; esp., <i>P. major</i>, the greater
shearwarter, and <i>P. Stricklandi</i>, the black hagdon or sooty
shearwater; -- called also <i>hagdown</i>, <i>haglin</i>, and
<i>hag</i>. See <u>Shearwater</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hag"fish`</hw>(-
f&ibreve;sh`),<pos><i>n.</i></pos><i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Hag</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hag*ga"da</hw> (h&abreve;g*g&auml;"d&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Haggadoth</b></plw> (-
d&omacr;th). [Rabbinic <i>hagg&amacr;dh&amacr;</i>, fr. Heb.
<i>higg&imacr;dh</i> to relate.] <def>A story, anecdote, or legend in
the Talmud, to explain or illustrate the text of the Old
Testament.</def> [Written also <i>hagada</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hag"gard</hw> (h&abreve;g"g&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F. <i>hagard</i>; of German origin, and prop. meaning, of the hegde
or woods, wild, untamed. See <u>Hedge</u>, 1st <u>Haw</u>, and <u>-
ard</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wild or intractable; disposed to
break away from duty; untamed; as, a <i>haggard</i> or refractory
hawk.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [For <i>hagged</i>, fr. <i>hag</i> a witch,
influenced by <i>haggard</i> wild.] <def>Having the expression of one
wasted by want or suffering; hollow-eyed; having the features
distorted or wasted by pain; wild and wasted, or anxious in
appearance; as, <i>haggard</i> features, eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Staring his eyes, and <i>haggard</i> was his
look.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"gard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Haggard</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>A
young or untrained hawk or falcon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fierce, intractable creature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have loved this proud disdainful
<i>haggard</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [See <u>Haggard</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 2.]
<def>A hag.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"gard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Haw</u>,
<u>Hedge</u>, and <u>Yard</u> an inclosed space.] <def>A
stackyard.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"gard*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a haggard
manner.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"ged</hw> (-g&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
hag; lean; ugly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hag"gis</hw> (-g&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.
<i>hag</i> to hack, chop, E. <i>hack</i>. Formed, perhaps, in
imitation of the F. <i>hachis</i> (E. <i>hash</i>), fr.
<i>hacher</i>.] <def>A Scotch pudding made of the heart, liver,
lights, etc., of a sheep or lamb, minced with suet, onions, oatmeal,
etc., highly seasoned, and boiled in the stomach of the same animal;
minced head and pluck.</def> [Written also <i>haggiss</i>,
<i>haggess</i>, and <i>haggies</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hag"gish</hw> (-g&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
hag; ugly; wrinkled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But on us both did <i>haggish</i> age steal
on.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"gish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of
a hag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hag"gle</hw> (h&abreve;g"g'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Haggled</u> (-g'ld); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Haggling</u> (-gl&ibreve;ng).] [Freq. of
Scot. <i>hag</i>, E. <i>hack</i>. See <u>Hack</u> to cut.] <def>To
cut roughly or hack; to cut into small pieces; to notch or cut in an
unskillful manner; to make rough or mangle by cutting; as, a boy
<i>haggles</i> a stick of wood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Suffolk first died, and York, all <i>haggled</i>
o'er,<BR>
Comes to him, where in gore he lay insteeped.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be difficult in
bargaining; to stick at small matters; to chaffer; to
higgle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Royalty and science never <i>haggled</i> about the
value of blood.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
haggling.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"gler</hw> (h&abreve;g"gl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who haggles or is difficult in
bargaining.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who forestalls a market; a middleman
between producer and dealer in London vegetable markets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"gi*ar`chy</hw> (h&amacr;"j&ibreve;*&auml;r`k&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"a`gios</grk> sacred, holy + <i>-
archy</i>.] <def>A sacred government; government by holy orders of
men.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha`gi*oc"ra*cy</hw> (-&obreve;k"r&adot;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"a`gios</grk> holy, and
<grk>kratei^n</grk> to govern.] <def>Government by a priesthood;
hierarchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ha`gi*og"ra*pha</hw> (-&obreve;g"r&adot;*f&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. <grk>"agio`grafa</grk> (sc.
<grk>bibli`a</grk>), fr. <grk>"agio`grafos</grk> written by
inspiration; <grk>"a`gios</grk> sacred, holy + <grk>gra`fein</grk> to
write.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The last of the three Jewish
divisions of the Old Testament, or that portion not contained in the
Law and the Prophets. It comprises Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Canticles,
Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, and
Chronicles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The lives of the
saints.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha`gi*og"ra*phal</hw> (-f<i>a</i>l), <def>Pertaining to the
hagiographa, or to sacred writings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha`gi*og"ra*pher</hw> (-f&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One of the writers of the hagiographa; a writer of lives of the
saints.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha`gi*og"ra*phy</hw> (-f&ybreve;; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Hagiographa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha`gi*ol"a*try</hw> (-&obreve;l"&adot;*tr&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"a`gios</grk> sacred +
<grk>latrei`a</grk> worship.] <def>The invocation or worship of
saints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha`gi*ol"o*gist</hw> (-&osl;*j&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who treats of the sacred writings; a
writer of the lives of the saints; a hagiographer.</def>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hagiologists</i> have related it without
scruple.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha`gi*ol"o*gy</hw> (-j&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"a`gios</grk> sacred + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The history or
description of the sacred writings or of sacred persons; a narrative
of the lives of the saints; a catalogue of saints.</def>  <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha"gi*o*scope`</hw> (h&amacr;"j&ibreve;*&osl;*sk&omacr;p`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"a`gios</grk> sacred + <i>-scope</i>.]
<def>An opening made in the interior walls of a cruciform church to
afford a view of the altar to those in the transepts; -- called, in
architecture, a <i>squint</i>.</def>  <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"-rid`den</hw> (h&abreve;g"r&ibreve;d`d'n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ridden by a hag or witch; hence, afflicted
with nightmare.</def>  <i>Beattie.</i>  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><! p. 664 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>Hag"seed`</hw> (h&abreve;g"s&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The offspring of a hag.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or title of
a hag.</def>  <i>Middleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hag"-ta`per</hw> (-t&amacr;`p&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. 1st <u>Hag</u>, and <u>Hig-taper</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
great woolly mullein (<i>Verbascum Thapsus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Hague"but</hw> (h&abreve;g"b&ubreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Hagbut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hah</hw> (h&auml;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ha</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha-ha"</hw> (h&auml;*h&auml;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Haw-haw</u>.] <def>A sunk fence; a fence, wall, or ditch, not
visible till one is close upon it.</def> [Written also <i>haw-
haw</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hai"ding*er*ite</hw>
(h&imacr;"d&ibreve;ng*&etilde;r*&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral consisting chiefly of the arseniate of
lime; -- so named in honor of W. <i>Haidinger</i>, of
Vienna.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hai"duck</hw> (h&imacr;"d&usdot;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>haiduck</i>, <i>heiduck</i>, fr. Hung. <i>hajdu</i>.]
<def>Formerly, a mercenary foot soldier in Hungary, now, a halberdier
of a Hungarian noble, or an attendant in German or Hungarian
courts.</def> [Written also <i>hayduck</i>, <i>haiduk</i>,
<i>heiduc</i>, <i>heyduck</i>, and <i>heyduk</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Haik</hw> (h&amacr;k; Ar. h&auml;*&esl;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>h&amacr;&iuml;k</i>, fr.
<i>h&amacr;ka</i> to weave.] <def>A large piece of woolen or cotton
cloth worn by Arabs as an outer garment.</def> [Written also
<i>hyke</i>.]  <i>Heyse.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hai"kal</hw> (h&imacr;"k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The central chapel of the three forming the sanctuary of a
Coptic church. It contains the high altar, and is usually closed by
an embroidered curtain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hail</hw> (h&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hail</i>,
<i>ha&yogh;el</i>, AS. <i>h&aelig;gel</i>, <i>hagol</i>; akin to D.,
G., Dan., &amp; Sw. <i>hagel</i>; Icel. <i>hagl</i>; cf. Gr.
<grk>ka`chlhx</grk> pebble.] <def>Small roundish masses of ice
precipitated from the clouds, where they are formed by the
congelation of vapor. The separate masses or grains are called
<i>hailstones</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thunder mixed with <i>hail</i>,<BR>
<i>Hail</i> mixed with fire, must rend the Egyptian sky.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hail</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hailed</u> (h&amacr;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hailing</u>.] [OE. <i>hailen</i>, AS.
<i>hagalian</i>.] <def>To pour down particles of ice, or frozen
vapors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pour forcibly down,
as hail.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hail</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Healthy. See <u>Hale</u>
(the preferable spelling).</def></p>

<p><hw>Hail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hailen</i>,
<i>heilen</i>, Icel. <i>heill</i> hale, sound, used in greeting. See
<u>Hale</u> sound.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To call loudly to, or
after; to accost; to salute; to address.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To name; to designate; to call.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And such a son as all men <i>hailed</i> me
happy.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hail</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
declare, by hailing, the port from which a vessel sails or where she
is registered; hence, to sail; to come; -- used with <i>from</i>; as,
the steamer <i>hails</i> from New York.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To report as one's home or the place from
whence one comes; to come; -- with <i>from</i>.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>C. G. Halpine.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hail</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [See <u>Hail</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>An exclamation of respectful or
reverent salutation, or, occasionally, of familiar greeting.</def>
"<i>Hail</i>, brave friend."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>All hail</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Hail Mary</b></col>, <cd>a form of prayer made use of in the
Roman Catholic Church in invocation of the Virgin. See <u>Ave
Maria</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wish of health; a
salutation; a loud call.</def> "Their puissant <i>hail</i>."  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The angel <i>hail</i> bestowed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hail"-fel`low</hw> (-f&ebreve;l`l&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An intimate companion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hail-fellow</i> well met.</blockquote>
<i>Lyly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hailse</hw> (h&amacr;ls), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>hailsen</i>, Icel. <i>heilsa</i>.  Cf. <u>Hail</u> to call to.]
<def>To greet; to salute.</def> [Obs.]  <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hail"shot`</hw> (h&amacr;l"sh&obreve;t`), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> <def>Small shot which scatter like hailstones.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hail"stone`</hw> (-st&omacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
single particle of ice falling from a cloud; a frozen raindrop; a
pellet of hail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hail"storm`</hw> (-st&ocirc;rm`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
storm accompanied with hail; a shower of hail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hail"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
hail.</def> "<i>Haily</i> showers."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hain</hw> (h&amacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw.
<i>h&auml;gn</i> hedge, inclosure, Dan. <i>hegn</i> hedge, fence. See
<u>Hedge</u>.] <def>To inclose for mowing; to set aside for
grass.</def> "A ground . . . <i>hained</i> in."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hain't</hw> (h&amacr;nt). <def>A contraction of <i>have
not</i> or <i>has not</i>; as, I <i>hain't</i>, he <i>hain't</i>, we
<i>hain't</i>.</def> [Colloq. or illiterate speech.] [Written also
<i>han't</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hair</hw> (h&acirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>her</i>,
<i>heer</i>, <i>h&aelig;r</i>, AS. <i>h&aemacr;r</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>h&emacr;r</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>haar</i>, OHG. &amp; Icel. <i>h&amacr;r</i>,
Dan. <i>haar</i>, Sw. <i>h&aring;r</i>; cf. Lith. <i>kasa</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The collection or mass of filaments growing
from the skin of an animal, and forming a covering for a part of the
head or for any part or the whole of the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One the above-mentioned filaments,
consisting, in vertebrate animals, of a long, tubular part which is
free and flexible, and a bulbous root imbedded in the skin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then read he me how Sampson lost his
<i>hairs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And draweth new delights with hoary
<i>hairs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hair (human or animal) used for various
purposes; as, <i>hair</i> for stuffing cushions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A slender outgrowth
from the chitinous cuticle of insects, spiders, crustaceans, and
other invertebrates. Such hairs are totally unlike those of
vertebrates in structure, composition, and mode of growth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An outgrowth of the
epidermis, consisting of one or of several cells, whether pointed,
hooked, knobbed, or stellated. Internal hairs occur in the flower
stalk of the yellow frog lily (<i>Nuphar</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A spring device used in a hair-trigger
firearm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A haircloth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Any very small distance, or degree; a
hairbreadth.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Hairs</i> is often used adjectively or in combination;
as, <i>hair</i>brush or <i>hair</i> brush, <i>hair</i> dye,
<i>hair</i> oil, <i>hair</i>pin, <i>hair</i> powder, a brush, a dye,
etc., for the hair.</p>

<p><col><b>Against the hair</b></col>, <cd>in a rough and
disagreeable manner; against the grain.</cd> [Obs.] "You go
<i>against the hair</i> of your professions." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Hair bracket</b></col> <i>(Ship Carp.)</i>, <cd>a molding
which comes in at the back of, or runs aft from, the figurehead.</cd>
-- <col><b>Hair cells</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>cells with
hairlike processes in the sensory epithelium of certain parts of the
internal ear.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair compass</b></col>, <col><b>Hair
divider</b></col>, <cd>a compass or divider capable of delicate
adjustment by means of a screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair glove</b></col>,
<cd>a glove of horsehair for rubbing the skin.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair
lace</b></col>, <cd>a netted fillet for tying up the hair of the
head.</cd> <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Hair line</b></col>, <cd>a line
made of hair; a very slender line.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair
moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any moth which destroys goods
made of hair, esp. <i>Tinea biselliella</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair
pencil</b></col>, <cd>a brush or pencil made of fine hair, for
painting; -- generally called by the name of the hair used; as, a
camel's <i>hair pencil</i>, a sable's <i>hair pencil</i>, etc.</cd> -
- <col><b>Hair plate</b></col>, <cd>an iron plate forming the back of
the hearth of a bloomery fire.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair powder</b></col>,
<cd>a white perfumed powder, as of flour or starch, formerly much
used for sprinkling on the hair of the head, or on wigs.</cd> --
<col><b>Hair seal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of eared seals which do not produce fur; a sea
lion.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair seating</b></col>, <cd>haircloth for seats
of chairs, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair shirt</b></col>, <cd>a shirt, or
a band for the loins, made of horsehair, and worn as a penance.</cd>
-- <col><b>Hair sieve</b></col>, <cd>a strainer with a haircloth
bottom.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair snake</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Gordius</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair space</b></col>
<i>(Printing)</i>, <cd>the thinnest metal space used in lines of
type.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair stroke</b></col>, <cd>a delicate stroke in
writing.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair trigger</b></col>, <cd>a trigger so
constructed as to discharge a firearm by a very slight pressure, as
by the touch of a hair.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> -- <col><b>Not worth a
hair</b></col>, <cd>of no value.</cd> -- <col><b>To a hair</b></col>,
<cd>with the nicest distinction.</cd> -- <col><b>To split
hairs</b></col>, <cd>to make distinctions of useless nicety.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hair"bell`</hw> (h&acirc;r"b&ebreve;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Harebell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair"bird`</hw> (-b&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chipping sparrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair"brained`</hw> (-br&amacr;nd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Harebrained</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair"breadth`</hw> (-br&ebreve;dth), <hw>Hair's" breadth`</hw>
(h&acirc;rz"). <def>The diameter or breadth of a hair; a very small
distance; sometimes, definitely, the forty-eighth part of an
inch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every one could sling stones at an <i>hairbreadth</i>
and not miss.</blockquote> <i>Judg. xx. 16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hair"breadth`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
breadth of a hair; very narrow; as, a <i>hairbreadth</i>
escape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair"-brown`</hw> (-broun`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a
clear tint of brown, resembling brown human hair. It is composed of
equal proportions of red and green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair"brush`</hw> (-br&ubreve;sh`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
brush for cleansing and smoothing the hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair"cloth`</hw> (-kl&obreve;th`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Stuff or cloth made wholly or in part of hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair"dress`er</hw> (-dr&ebreve;s`&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who dresses or cuts hair; a
barber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haired</hw> (h&acirc;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having hair.</def> "A beast <i>haired</i>
like a bear."  <i>Purchas.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In composition: Having (such) hair; as,
red-<i>haired</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hai"ren</hw> (h&acirc;r"<i>e</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&aemacr;ren</i>.] <def>Hairy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>hairen</i> shirt and his ascetic
diet.</blockquote> <i>J. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hair" grass`</hw> (gr&adot;s`). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A grass
with very slender leaves or branches; as the <i>Agrostis scabra</i>,
and several species of <i>Aira</i> or <i>Deschampsia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair"i*ness</hw> (-&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of abounding, or being covered, with hair.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hair"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
hair.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hair"pin`</hw> (-p&ibreve;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
pin, usually forked, or of bent wire, for fastening the hair in
place, -- used by women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair"-salt`</hw> (-s&add;lt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A
translation of G. <i>haarsalz</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of
native Epsom salt occurring in silky fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair"split`ter</hw> (-spl&ibreve;t`t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes excessively nice or needless
distinctions in reasoning; one who quibbles.</def> "The caviling
<i>hairsplitter</i>."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hair"split`ting</hw> (-t&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Making excessively nice or trivial distinctions in reasoning;
subtle.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or practice of
making trivial distinctions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ancient <i>hairsplitting</i> technicalities of
special pleading.</blockquote> <i>Charles Sumner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hair"spring`</hw> (-spr&ibreve;ng`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Horology)</i> <def>The slender recoil spring which regulates the
motion of the balance in a timepiece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair"streak`</hw> (-str&emacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
butterfly of the genus <i>Thecla</i>; as, the green <i>hairstreak</i>
(<i>T. rubi</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair"tail`</hw> (-t&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of marine fishes of the genus
<i>Trichiurus</i>; esp., <i>T. lepturus</i> of Europe and America.
They are long and like a band, with a slender, pointed tail. Called
also <i>bladefish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair" worm`</hw> (w&ucirc;rm`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
nematoid worm of the genus <i>Gordius</i>, resembling a hair. See
<u>Gordius</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hair"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing or
covered with hair; made of or resembling hair; rough with hair;
hirsute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His mantle <i>hairy</i>, and his bonnet
sedge.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hai"ti*an</hw> (h&amacr;"t&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Haytian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"je</hw> (h&auml;"j&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>hayya</i> snake.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Egyptian asp or
cobra (<i>Naja haje</i>.) It is related to the cobra of India, and
like the latter has the power of inflating its neck into a hood. Its
bite is very venomous. It is supposed to be the snake by means of
whose bite Cleopatra committed suicide, and hence is sometimes called
<i>Cleopatra's snake</i> or <i>asp</i>. See <u>Asp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hake</hw> (h&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hatch</u>
a half door.] <def>A drying shed, as for unburned tile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>haak</i>.] [Akin to
Norweg. <i>hake</i>fisk, lit., hook fish, Prov. E. <i>hake</i> hook,
G. <i>hecht</i> pike. See <u>Hook</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of several species of marine gadoid fishes, of the genera
<i>Phycis</i>, <i>Merlucius</i>, and allies. The common European hake
is <i>M. vulgaris</i>; the American silver hake or whiting is <i>M.
bilinearis</i>. Two American species (<i>Phycis chuss</i> and <i>P.
tenius</i>) are important food fishes, and are also valued for their
oil and sounds. Called also <i>squirrel hake</i>, and
<i>codling</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hake</hw> (h&amacr;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To loiter;
to sneak.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Hake's"-dame`</hw> (h&amacr;ks"d&amacr;m`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Forkbeard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hak"e*ton</hw> (h&abreve;k"&esl;*t&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Acton</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ha*kim"</hw> (h&adot;*k&emacr;m"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>hak&imacr;m</i>.] <def>A wise man; a physician, esp. a
Mohammedan.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>||Ha"kim</hw> (h&auml;"k&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>h&amacr;kim</i>.] <def>A Mohammedan title for a ruler; a
judge.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Ha*la"cha</hw> (h&adot;*l&auml;"k&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Halachoth</b></plw> (-
k&omacr;th). [Heb. <i>hal&amacr;ch&amacr;h</i>.] <def>The general
term for the Hebrew oral or traditional law; one of two branches of
exposition in the Midrash. See <u>Midrash</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha*la"tion</hw> (h&asl;*l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>An appearance as of a halo
of light, surrounding the edges of dark objects in a photographic
picture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"berd</hw> (h&obreve;l"b&etilde;rd; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>hallebarde</i>; of German origin; cf.
MHG. <i>helmbarte</i>, G. <i>hellebarte</i>; prob. orig., an ax to
split a helmet, fr. G. <i>barte</i> a broad ax (orig. from the same
source as E. <i>beard</i>; cf. Icel. <i>bar&eth;a</i>, a kind of ax,
<i>skegg</i> beard, <i>skeggja</i> a kind of halberd) + <i>helm</i>
helmet; but cf. also MHG. <i>helm</i>, <i>halm</i>, handle, and E.
<i>helve</i>. See <u>Beard</u>, <u>Helmet</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An
ancient long-handled weapon, of which the head had a point and
several long, sharp edges, curved or straight, and sometimes
additional points. The heads were sometimes of very elaborate
form.</def> [Written also <i>halbert</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hal`berd*ier"</hw> (h&obreve;`b&etilde;rd*&emacr;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>hallebardier</i>.] <def>One who is armed
with a halberd.</def>  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal"berd-shaped`</hw> (-sh&amacr;pt`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hastate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"cy*on</hw> (h&abreve;l"s&ibreve;*&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>halcyon</i>, <i>alcyon</i>, Gr.
<grk>"alkyw`n</grk>, <grk>'alkyw`n</grk>: cf. F. <i>halcyon</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kingfisher.  By modern ornithologists
restricted to a genus including a limited number of species having
omnivorous habits, as the sacred kingfisher (<i>Halcyon sancta</i>)
of Australia.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Amidst our arms as quiet you shall be<BR>
As <i>halcyons</i> brooding on a winter sea.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal"cy*on</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, the halcyon, which was anciently
said to lay her eggs in nests on or near the sea during the calm
weather about the winter solstice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Calm; quiet; peaceful; undisturbed;
happy.</def> "Deep, <i>halcyon</i> repose."  <i>De Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal`cy*o"ni*an</hw>
(h&abreve;l`s&ibreve;*&omacr;"n&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Halcyon; calm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"cy*o*noid</hw> (h&abreve;l"s&ibreve;*&osl;*noid),
<pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [<i>Halcyon</i> + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Alcyonoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hale</hw> (h&amacr;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>hail</i>.] [OE. <i>heil</i>, Icel. <i>heill</i>; akin to E.
<i>whole</i>. See <u>Whole</u>.] <def>Sound; entire; healthy; robust;
not impaired; as, a <i>hale</i> body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Last year we thought him strong and
<i>hale</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Welfare.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All heedless of his dearest <i>hale</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hale</hw> (h&amacr;l or h&add;l; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Haled</u> (h&amacr;ld or
h&add;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Haling</u>.] [OE.
<i>halen</i>, <i>halien</i>; cf. AS. <i>holian</i>, to acquire, get.
See <u>Haul</u>.] <def>To pull; to drag; to haul.</def>  See
<u>Haul</u>.  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Easier both to freight, and to <i>hale</i>
ashore.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As some dark priest <i>hales</i> the reluctant
victim.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ha*le"si*a</hw> (h&adot;*l&emacr;"zh&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of American
shrubs containing several species, called <i>snowdrop trees</i>, or
silver-bell trees. They have showy, white flowers, drooping on
slender pedicels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half</hw> (h&auml;f), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>healf</i>,
<i>half</i>, half; as a noun, half, side, part; akin to OS., OFries.,
& D. <i>half</i>, G. <i>halb</i>, Sw. <i>half</i>, Dan. <i>halv</i>,
Icel. <i>h&amacr;lfr</i>, Goth. <i>halbs</i>.  Cf. <u>Halve</u>,
<u>Behalf</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of a moiety, or
half; as, a <i>half</i> bushel; a <i>half</i> hour; a <i>half</i>
dollar; a <i>half</i> view.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The adjective and noun are often united to form a
compound.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of some indefinite portion
resembling a half; approximately a half, whether more or less;
partial; imperfect; as, a <i>half</i> dream; <i>half</i>
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Assumed from thence a <i>half</i>
consent.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Half ape</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a lemur.</cd>
-- <col><b>Half back</b></col>. <i>(Football)</i> <cd>See under 2d
<u>Back</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Half bent</b></col>, <cd>the first
notch, for the sear point to enter, in the tumbler of a gunlock; the
halfcock notch.</cd> -- <col><b>Half binding</b></col>, <cd>a style
of bookbinding in which only the back and corners are in
leather.</cd> -- <col><b>Half boarder</b></col>, <cd>one who boards
in part; specifically, a scholar at a boarding school who takes
dinner only.</cd> -- <col><b>Half-breadth plan</b></col>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>a horizontal plan of one half a vessel,
divided lengthwise, showing the lines.</cd> -- <col><b>Half
cadence</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a cadence on the dominant.</cd>
-- <col><b>Half cap</b></col>, <cd>a slight salute with the cap.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>At half cock</b></col>, <cd>the
position of the cock of a gun when retained by the first notch.</cd>
-- <col><b>Half hitch</b></col>, <cd>a sailor's knot in a rope; half
of a clove hitch.</cd> -- <col><b>Half hose</b></col>, <cd>short
stockings; socks.</cd> -- <col><b>Half measure</b></col>, <cd>an
imperfect or weak line of action.</cd> -- <col><b>Half note</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a minim, one half of a semibreve.</cd> --
<col><b>Half pay</b></col>, <cd>half of the wages or salary; reduced
pay; as, an officer on <i>half pay</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Half
price</b></col>, <cd>half the ordinary price; or a price much
reduced.</cd> -- <col><b>Half round</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>A molding of semicircular section.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>Having one side flat and the
other rounded; -- said of a file.</cd> -- <col><b>Half
shift</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a position of the hand, between
the open position and the first shift, in playing on the violin and
kindred instruments. See <u>Shift</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Half
step</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a semitone; the smallest difference
of pitch or interval, used in music.</cd> -- <col><b>Half
tide</b></col>, <cd>the time or state of the tide equally distant
from ebb and flood.</cd> -- <col><b>Half time</b></col>, <cd>half the
ordinary time for work or attendance; as, the <i>half-time</i>
system.</cd> -- <col><b>Half tint</b></col> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>, <cd>a
middle or intermediate tint, as in drawing or painting. See
<u>Demitint</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Half truth</b></col>, <cd>a
statement only partially true, or which gives only a part of the
truth.</cd> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i> -- <col><b>Half year</b></col>,
<cd>the space of six months; one term of a school when there are two
terms in a year.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 665 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>Half</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an equal part or
degree; in some part approximating a half; partially; imperfectly;
as, <i>half</i>-colored, <i>half</i> done, <i>half</i>-hearted,
<i>half</i> persuaded, <i>half</i> conscious.</def> "<i>Half</i> loth
and <i>half</i> consenting."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their children spoke <i>half</i>in the speech of
Ashdod.</blockquote> <i>Neh. xiii. 24.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half</hw> (h&auml;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Halves</b></plw> (h&auml;vz). [AS. <i>healf</i>. See
<u>Half</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Part;
side; behalf.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The four <i>halves</i> of the house.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of two equal parts into which anything
may be divided, or considered as divided; -- sometimes followed by
<i>of</i>; as, a <i>half</i> of an apple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>half</i> his riches known, and yet
despised.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A friendship so complete<BR>
Portioned in <i>halves</i> between us.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Better half</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Better</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>In half</b></col>, <cd>in two; an expression sometimes used
improperly instead of <i>in or into halves</i>; as, to cut <i>in
half</i>.</cd> [Colloq.] <i>Dickens.</i> -- <col><b>In, or
On</b></col>, <col><b>one's half</b></col>, <cd>in one's behalf; on
one's part.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>To cry halves</b></col>, <cd>to
claim an equal share with another.</cd> -- <col><b>To go
halves</b></col>, <cd>to share equally between two.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Half</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To halve. [Obs.] See
<u>Halve</u>.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half`-and-half"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mixture of
two malt liquors, esp. porter and ale, in about equal parts.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"beak`</hw> (h&auml;f"b&emacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any slender, marine fish of the genus
<i>Hemirhamphus</i>, having the upper jaw much shorter than the
lower; -- called also <i>balahoo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half" blood`</hw> (bl&ubreve;d). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
relation between persons born of the same father or of the same
mother, but not of both; as, a brother or sister of the <i>half
blood</i>. See <u>Blood</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2 and 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person so related to another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person whose father and mother are of
different races; a half-breed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the 2d and 3d senses usually with a hyphen.</p>

<p><hw>Half"-blood`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Proceeding from a male and female of different breeds or races;
having only one parent of good stock; as, a <i>half-blooded</i>
sheep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Degenerate; mean.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"-boot`</hw> (-b&oomac;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
boot with a short top covering only the ankle. See <u>Cocker</u>, and
<i>Congress boot</i>, under <u>Congress</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-bound`</hw> (-bound`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Having
only the back and corners in leather, as a book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-bred`</hw> (-br&ebreve;d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Half-blooded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Imperfectly acquainted with the rules of
good-breeding; not well trained.</def>  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"-breed`</hw> (-br&emacr;d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Half-blooded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-breed`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who is
half-blooded; the offspring of parents of different races, especially
of the American Indian and the white race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-broth`er</hw> (-br&ubreve;th`&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brother by one parent, but not by
both.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-caste`</hw> (-k&adot;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
born of a European parent on the one side, and of a Hindoo or
Mohammedan on the other. Also adjective; as, <i>half-caste</i>
parents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-clammed`</hw> (-kl&abreve;md`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Half-filled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lions' <i>half-clammed</i> entrails roar for
food.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"cock`</hw> (-k&obreve;k`), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Halfcocked</u>(-k&obreve;kt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Halfcocking</u>.] <def>To set
the cock of (a firearm) at the first notch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To go off halfcocked</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
be discharged prematurely, or with the trigger at half cock; -- said
of a firearm.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To do or say something
without due thought or care.</cd> [Colloq. or Low]</p>

<p><hw>Half"-cracked`</hw> (-kr&abreve;kt`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Half-demented; half-witted.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Half"-deck`</hw> (-d&ebreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A shell of the genus
<i>Crepidula</i>; a boat shell. See <u>Boat shell</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <i>Half deck</i>, under
<u>Deck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-decked`</hw> (-d&ebreve;kt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Partially decked.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>half-decked</i> craft . . . used by the latter
Vikings.</blockquote> <i>Elton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"en</hw> (-'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Half</u>.]
<def>Wanting half its due qualities.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"en*deal`</hw> (-'n*d&emacr;l`), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>halfendele</i>. See <u>Half</u>, and <u>Deal</u>.] <def>Half;
by the half part.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half part.</def> [Obs.] <i>R. of
Brunne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who possesses or gives half only; one who
shares.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A male fallow deer gelded.</def>  <i>Pegge
(1814).</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"-faced`</hw> (-f&amacr;st`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Showing only part of the face; wretched looking; meager.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"-fish`</hw> (-f&ibreve;sh`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A salmon in its fifth year of growth.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Half"-hatched`</hw> (-h&abreve;cht`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperfectly hatched; as, <i>half-hatched</i> eggs.</def>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"-heard`</hw> (-h&etilde;rd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperfectly or partly heard; not heard to the end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And leave <i>half-heard</i> the melancholy
tale.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"-heart`ed</hw> (-h&auml;rt`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in heart or
spirit; ungenerous; unkind.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lacking zeal or courage; lukewarm.</def>
<i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"-hour`ly</hw> (-our`l&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Done or happening at intervals of half an hour.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-learned`</hw> (h&auml;f"l&etilde;rnd`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imperfectly learned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-length`</hw> (-l&ebreve;ngth`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of half the whole or ordinary length, as a picture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-mast`</hw> (-m&adot;st`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
point some distance below the top of a mast or staff; as, a flag a
<i>half-mast</i> (a token of mourning, etc.).</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-moon`</hw> (-m&oomac;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The moon at the quarters, when half its disk
appears illuminated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The shape of a half-moon; a
crescent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See how in warlike muster they appear,<BR>
In rhombs, and wedges, and <i>half-moons</i>, and wings.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>An outwork composed of two
faces, forming a salient angle whose gorge resembles a half-moon; --
now called a <i>ravelin</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine, sparoid,
food fish of California (<i>C&aelig;siosoma Californiense</i>). The
body is ovate, blackish above, blue or gray below. Called also
<i>medialuna</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"ness</hw> (h&auml;f"n&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being half; incompleteness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As soon as there is any departure from simplicity, and
attempt at <i>halfness</i>, or good for me that is not good for him,
my neighbor feels the wrong.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"pace`</hw> (-p&amacr;s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A platform of a staircase where the stair turns
back in exactly the reverse direction of the lower flight. See
<u>Quarterpace</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term and <i>quarterpace</i> are rare or unknown in the
United States, <i>platform</i> or <i>landing</i> being used
instead.</p>

<p><hw>Half"-pen*ny</hw>(h&amacr;"p&ebreve;n*n&ybreve; or h&auml;f"-;
277),<pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Half-pence</b></plw> (-
p<i>e</i>ns) or <plw><b>Half-pennies</b></plw>(-
p&ebreve;n*n&ibreve;z). <def>An English coin of the value of half a
penny; also, the value of half a penny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-pike`</hw> (h&auml;f"p&imacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A short pike, sometimes carried by officers of
infantry, sometimes used in boarding ships; a spontoon.</def>
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"-port`</hw> (-p&omacr;rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One half of a shutter made in two parts for
closing a porthole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-ray`</hw> (-r&amacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A straight line considered as drawn from a center
to an indefinite distance in one direction, the complete ray being
the whole line drawn to an indefinite distance in both
directions.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Half"-read`</hw> (-r&ebreve;d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Informed by insufficient reading; superficial; shallow.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half" seas` o"ver</hw> (s&emacr;z` &omacr;"v&etilde;r).
<def>Half drunk.</def> [Slang: used only predicatively.]
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"-sight`ed</hw> (-s&imacr;t`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Seeing imperfectly; having weak
discernment.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"-sis`ter</hw> (-s&ibreve;s`t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sister by one parent only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-strained`</hw> (-str&amacr;nd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Half-bred; imperfect.</def> [R.] "A <i>half-strained</i>
villain."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"-sword`</hw> (-s&omacr;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Half the length of a sword; close fight.</def> "At <i>half-
sword</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"-tim`bered</hw> (-t&ibreve;m`b&etilde;rd),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Constructed of a timber
frame, having the spaces filled in with masonry; -- said of
buildings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-tongue`</hw> (-t&ubreve;ng`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(O. Law)</i> <def>A jury, for the trial of a foreigner, composed
equally of citizens and aliens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"way`</hw> (h&auml;f"w&amacr;`), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In the middle; at half the distance; imperfectly; partially; as,
he <i>halfway</i> yielded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Temples proud to meet their gods
<i>halfway</i>.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"way`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Equally distant from
the extremes; situated at an intermediate point; midway.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Halfway covenant</b></col>, <cd>a practice among the
Congregational churches of New England, between 1657 and 1662, of
permitting baptized persons of moral life and orthodox faith to enjoy
all the privileges of church membership, save the partaking of the
Lord's Supper. They were also allowed to present their children for
baptism.</cd> -- <col><b>Halfway house</b></col>, <cd>an inn or place
of call midway on a journey.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Half"-wit`</hw> (-w&ibreve;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
foolish person; a dolt; a blockhead; a dunce.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Half"-wit`ted</hw> (-t&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Weak in intellect; silly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-year`ly</hw> (-y&emacr;r`l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Two in a year; semiannual.</def> --
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Twice in a year; semiannually.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"i*but</hw> (h&obreve;l"&ibreve;*b&ubreve;t; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hali</i> holy + <i>but</i>,
<i>butte</i>, flounder; akin to D. <i>bot</i>, G. <i>butte</i>; cf.
D. <i>heilbot</i>, G. <i>heilbutt</i>. So named as being eaten on
holidays. See <u>Holy</u>, <u>Holiday</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large, northern, marine flatfish (<i>Hippoglossus
vulgaris</i>), of the family <i>Pleuronectid&aelig;</i>. It often
grows very large, weighing more than three hundred pounds. It is an
important food fish.</def> [Written also <i>holibut</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Hal`i*chon"dri*&aelig;</hw>
(h&abreve;l`&ibreve;*k&obreve;n"dr&ibreve;*&emacr;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"a`ls</grk>, <grk>"alo`s</grk>, sea
+ <grk>cho`ndros</grk> cartilage.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of sponges, having simple siliceous spicules and keratose fibers; --
called also <i>Keratosilicoidea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hal"i*core</hw> (h&abreve;l"&ibreve;*k&omacr;r; L.
h&adot;*l&ibreve;k"&osl;*r&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"a`ls</grk> sea + <grk>ko`rh</grk> maiden.] <def>Same as
<u>Dugong</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"i*dom</hw> (h&abreve;l"&ibreve;*d&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>h&amacr;ligd&omacr;m</i> holiness,
sacrament, sanctuary, relics; <i>h&amacr;lig</i> holy + <i>-
d&omacr;m</i>, E. <i>-dom</i>. See <u>Holy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Holiness; sanctity; sacred oath; sacred things; sanctuary; --
used chiefly in oaths.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>So God me help and <i>halidom</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By my <i>halidom</i>, I was fast asleep.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Holy doom; the Last Day.</def> [R.]
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal`i*eu"tics</hw> (-&umacr;"t&ibreve;ks),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>halieuticus</i> pertaining to fishing,
Gr. <grk>"alieytiko`s</grk>.] <def>A treatise upon fish or the art of
fishing; ichthyology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"i*mas</hw> (-m&abreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hallowmas</u>.] <def>The feast of All Saints; Hallowmas.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ha`li*og"ra*pher</hw>
(h&amacr;`l&ibreve;*&obreve;g"r&adot;*f&etilde;r or
h&abreve;l`&ibreve;-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who writes about
or describes the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha`li*og"ra*phy</hw> (-f&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"a`ls</grk> the sea + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>Description of the
sea; the science that treats of the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ha`li*o"tis</hw> (h&amacr;`l&ibreve;*&omacr;"t&ibreve;s or
h&abreve;l`&ibreve;-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"a`ls</grk> sea + <grk>o'y^s</grk>, <grk>'wto`s</grk>, ear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine shells; the ear-shells.
See <u>Abalone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"li*o*toid`</hw> (h&amacr;"l&ibreve;*&osl;*toid` or
h&abreve;l"&ibreve;-), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Haliotis</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the genus
<i>Haliotis</i>; ear-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hal`i*sau"ri*a</hw>
(h&abreve;l`&ibreve;*s&add;"r&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"a`ls</grk>, <grk>"alo`s</grk>, sea
+ <grk>say^ros</grk>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>The
Enaliosauria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"lite</hw> (h&amacr;"l&imacr;t or h&abreve;l"&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"a`ls</grk> salt.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Native salt; sodium chloride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha*lit"u*ous</hw> (h&adot;*l&ibreve;t"&usl;*&ubreve;s; 135),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>halitus</i> breath, vapor, fr.
<i>halare</i> to breathe: cf. F. <i>halitueux</i>.] <def>Produced by,
or like, breath; vaporous.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Halk</hw> (h&add;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nook; a
corner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hall</hw> (h&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>halle</i>,
<i>hal</i>, AS. <i>heal</i>, <i>heall</i>; akin to D. <i>hal</i>, OS.
& OHG. <i>halla</i>, G. <i>halle</i>, Icel. <i>h&ouml;ll</i>, and
prob. from a root meaning, to hide, conceal, cover. See <u>Hell</u>,
<u>Helmet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A building or room of
considerable size and stateliness, used for public purposes; as,
Westminster <i>Hall</i>, in London.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The chief room in a
castle or manor house, and in early times the only public room,
serving as the place of gathering for the lord's family with the
retainers and servants, also for cooking and eating. It was often
contrasted with the <i>bower</i>, which was the private or sleeping
apartment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full sooty was her bower and eke her
<i>hall</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>Hence, as the entrance from outside was directly into the hall:
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A vestibule, entrance room, etc., in the
more elaborated buildings of later times.</def> Hence:
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Any corridor or passage in a
building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A name given to many manor houses because
the magistrate's court was held in the hall of his mansion; a chief
mansion house.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A college in an English university (at
Oxford, an unendowed college).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The apartment in which English university
students dine in common; hence, the dinner itself; as, <i>hall</i> is
at six o'clock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Cleared passageway in a crowd; -- formerly
an exclamation.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>hall</i>! a <i>hall</i>!"  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Entry; court; passage. See <u>Vestibule</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hall"age</hw> (-&asl;j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>A fee or toll paid for goods sold in a hall.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hal`le*lu"iah</hw> <hw>Hal`le*lu"jah</hw> }
(h&abreve;l`l&esl;*l&umacr;"y&adot;), <pos><i>n. &amp; interj.</i></pos>
[Heb. See <u>Alleluia</u>.] <def>Praise ye Jehovah; praise ye the
Lord; -- an exclamation used chiefly in songs of praise or
thanksgiving to God, and as an expression of gratitude or
adoration.</def>  <i>Rev. xix. 1 (Rev. Ver.)</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So sung they, and the empyrean rung<BR>
With <i>Hallelujahs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In those days, as St. Jerome tells us,"any one as he
walked in the fields, might hear the plowman at his
<i>hallelujahs</i>."</blockquote> <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal`le*lu*jat"ic</hw> (-l&usl;*y&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or containing,
hallelujahs.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hal"liard</hw> (h&abreve;l"y&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Halyard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"li*dome</hw> (h&abreve;l"l&ibreve;*d&omacr;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Halidom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"li*er</hw> (h&abreve;l"l&ibreve;*&etilde;r or
h&add;l"y&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Hale</u> to pull.]
<def>A kind of net for catching birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hall"-mark`</hw> (h&add;l"m&auml;rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The official stamp of the Goldsmiths' Company and other assay
offices, in the United Kingdom, on gold and silver articles,
attesting their purity. Also used figuratively; -- as, a word or
phrase lacks the <i>hall-mark</i> of the best writers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal*loa"</hw> (h&abreve;l*l&omacr;"). <def>See
<u>Halloo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal*loo"</hw> (h&abreve;l*l&oomac;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Perh. fr. <i>ah</i> + <i>lo</i>; cf. AS. <i>eal&amacr;</i>, G.
<i>halloh</i>, F. <i>haler</i> to set (a dog) on.  Cf. <u>Hollo</u>,
<i>interj</i>.] <def>A loud exclamation; a call to invite attention
or to incite a person or an animal; a shout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>List! List! I hear<BR>
Some far off <i>halloo</i> break the silent air.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal*loo"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hallooed</u> (-l&oomac;d"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hallooing</u>.] <def>To cry out; to exclaim with a
loud voice; to call to a person, as by the word
<i>halloo</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Country folks <i>hallooed</i> and hooted after
me.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal*loo"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To encourage with shouts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old John <i>hallooes</i> his hounds
again.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To chase with shouts or
outcries.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If I fly . . . <i>Halloo</i> me like a
hare.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To call or shout to; to hail.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal*loo"</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>halow</i>.
See <u>Halloo</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>An exclamation to call
attention or to encourage one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"low</hw> (h&abreve;l"l&osl;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hallowed</u>(-l&osl;d); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Hallowing</u>.] [OE. <i>halowen</i>,
<i>halwien</i>, <i>halgien</i>, AS. <i>h&amacr;lgian</i>, fr.
<i>h&amacr;lig</i> holy. See <u>Holy</u>.] <def>To make holy; to set
apart for holy or religious use; to consecrate; to treat or keep as
sacred; to reverence.</def> "<i>Hallowed</i> be thy name."  <i>Matt.
vi. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hallow</i> the Sabbath day, to do no work
therein.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xvii. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His secret altar touched with <i>hallowed</i>
fire.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In a larger sense . . . we can not <i>hallow</i> this
ground [Gettysburg].</blockquote> <i>A. Lincoln.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal`low*een"</hw> (h&abreve;l`l&osl;*&emacr;n"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The evening preceding Allhallows or All
Saints' Day.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal"low*mas</hw> (h&abreve;l"l&osl;*m&adot;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mass</u> the eucharist.] <def>The feast
of All Saints, or Allhallows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To speak puling, like a beggar at
<i>Hallowmas</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal*loy"site</hw> (h&abreve;l*loi"s&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Omalius d'<i>Halloy</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A claylike mineral, occurring in soft, smooth,
amorphous masses, of a whitish color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"lu*cal</hw> (h&abreve;l"l&usl;*k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
hallux.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal*lu"ci*nate</hw> (h&abreve;l*l&umacr;"s&ibreve;*n&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>hallucinatus</i>, <i>alucinatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>hallucinari</i>, <i>alucinari</i>, to wander in mind,
talk idly, dream.] <def>To wander; to go astray; to err; to blunder;
-- used of mental processes.</def> [R.]  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal*lu`ci*na"tion</hw> (-n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>hallucinatio</i>: cf. F.
<i>hallucination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
hallucinating; a wandering of the mind; error; mistake; a
blunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This must have been the <i>hallucination</i> of the
transcriber.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><! p. 666 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The perception of objects
which have no reality, or of sensations which have no corresponding
external cause, arising from disorder of the nervous system, as in
delirium tremens; delusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hallucinations</i> are always evidence of cerebral
derangement and are common phenomena of insanity.</blockquote> <i>W.
A. Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal*lu"ci*na`tor</hw>
(h&abreve;l*l&umacr;"s&ibreve;*n&amacr;`t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One whose judgment and acts are
affected by hallucinations; one who errs on account of his
hallucinations.</def>  <i>N. Brit. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal*lu"ci*na*to*ry</hw> (-n&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of, or tending to produce,
hallucination.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hal"lux</hw> (h&abreve;l"l&ubreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. L. <i>hallex</i>, <i>allex</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
first, or preaxial, digit of the hind limb, corresponding to the
pollux in the fore limb; the great toe; the hind toe of
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Halm</hw> (h&add;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Haulm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hal"ma</hw> (h&abreve;l"m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>"a`lma</grk>, fr. <grk>"a`llesqai</grk> to leap.]
<i>(Greek Antiq.)</i> <def>The long jump, with weights in the hands,
-- the most important of the exercises of the Pentathlon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"lo</hw> (h&amacr;"l&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Halos</b></plw> (-l&omacr;z). [L. <i>halos</i>, acc.
<i>halo</i>, Gr. <grk>"a`lws</grk> a thrashing floor, also (from its
round shape) the disk of the sun or moon, and later a halo round it;
cf. Gr. <grk>e'ily`ein</grk> to enfold, <grk>'ely`ein</grk> to roll
round, L. <i>volvere</i>, and E. <i>voluble</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A luminous circle, usually prismatically colored, round the sun
or moon, and supposed to be caused by the refraction of light through
crystals of ice in the atmosphere. Connected with halos there are
often white bands, crosses, or arches, resulting from the same
atmospheric conditions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A circle of light; especially, the bright
ring represented in painting as surrounding the heads of saints and
other holy persons; a glory; a nimbus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An ideal glory investing, or affecting
one's perception of, an object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A colored circle around a nipple; an
areola.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"lo</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Haloed</u> (-l&omacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Haloing</u>.] <def>To form, or surround with, a halo;
to encircle with, or as with, a halo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fire<BR>
That <i>haloed</i> round his saintly brow.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha"loed</hw> (h&amacr;"l&omacr;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Surrounded with a halo; invested with an ideal glory;
glorified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>haloed</i> face bending over me.</blockquote>
<i>C. Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal"o*gen</hw> (h&abreve;l"&osl;*j&ebreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"a`ls</grk>, <grk>"alo`s</grk>, salt +
<i>-gen</i>: cf. F. <i>halog&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
electro-negative element or radical, which, by combination with a
metal, forms a haloid salt; especially, chlorine, bromine, and
iodine; sometimes, also, fluorine and cyanogen. See <i>Chlorine
family</i>, under <u>Chlorine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha*log"e*nous</hw> (h&adot;*l&obreve;j"&esl;*n&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of a halogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"loid</hw> (h&amacr;"loid or h&abreve;l"oid),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"a`ls</grk>, <grk>"alo`s</grk> salt +
<i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>halo&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Resembling salt; -- said of certain binary compounds consisting
of a metal united to a negative element or radical, and now chiefly
applied to the chlorides, bromides, iodides, and sometimes also to
the fluorides and cyanides.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
haloid substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"o*man`cy</hw> (h&abreve;l"&osl;*m&abreve;n`s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Alomancy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha*lom"e*ter</hw> (h&adot;*l&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"a`ls</grk>, <grk>"alo`s</grk>, salt +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the forms and angles
of salts and crystals; a goniometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ha*lo"nes</hw> (h&adot;*l&omacr;"n&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"a`lwn</grk>, <grk>"a`lwnos</grk>, a
halo.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Alternating transparent and opaque white
rings which are seen outside the blastoderm, on the surface of the
developing egg of the hen and other birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"o*phyte</hw> (h&abreve;l"&osl;*f&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"a`ls</grk>, <grk>"alo`s</grk>, salt +
<grk>fyto`n</grk> a plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant found growing
in salt marshes, or in the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"lo*scope</hw> (h&amacr;"l&osl;*sk&omacr;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Halo</i> + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An
instrument for exhibition or illustration of the phenomena of halos,
parhelia, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal*o*tri"chite</hw> (h&abreve;l*&osl;*tr&imacr;"k&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"a`ls</grk> sea + <grk>qri`x</grk>,
<grk>tricho`s</grk>, hair.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An iron alum occurring
in silky fibrous aggregates of a yellowish white color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha*lox"y*line</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"a`ls</grk>, <grk>"alo`s</grk>, salt + <grk>xy`lon</grk> wood.]
<def>An explosive mixture, consisting of sawdust, charcoal, niter,
and ferrocyanide of potassium, used as a substitute for
gunpowder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Halp</hw> (h&auml;lp), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Help</u>.
<def>Helped.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hal"pace</hw> (h&abreve;l"p&amacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Haut pas</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hals</hw> (h&add;ls), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>heals</i>;
akin to D., G., &amp; Goth. <i>hals</i>. See <u>Collar</u>.] <def>The
neck or throat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Do me hangen by the <i>hals</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Halse</hw> (h&add;ls), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>healsian</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To embrace about the neck;
to salute; to greet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Each other kissed glad<BR>
And lovely <i>halst</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adjure; to beseech; to entreat.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O dere child, I <i>halse</i> thee,<BR>
In virtue of the Holy Trinity.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Halse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Halsed</u> (h&add;lst); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Halsing</u>.] [Cf. <u>Hawser</u>.] <def>To haul; to
hoist.</def> [Obs.] <i>Grafton</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal"sen*ing</hw> (h&add;l"s&ebreve;n*&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sounding harshly in the throat;
inharmonious; rough.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hals"er</hw> (h&add;s"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Hawser</u>.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Halt</hw> (h&add;lt), <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Hold</u>, contraction for <i>holdeth</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Halt</hw> (h&add;lt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly
<i>alt</i>, It. <i>alto</i>, G. <i>halt</i>, fr. <i>halten</i> to
hold. See <u>Hold</u>.] <def>A stop in marching or walking, or in any
action; arrest of progress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without any <i>halt</i> they marched.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Lovers] soon in passion's war contest,<BR>
Yet in their march soon make a <i>halt</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Halt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Halted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Halting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hold one's self from
proceeding; to hold up; to cease progress; to stop for a longer or
shorter period; to come to a stop; to stand still.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stand in doubt whether to proceed, or
what to do; to hesitate; to be uncertain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How long <i>halt</i> ye between two
opinions?</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xviii. 21.</i></p>

<p><hw>Halt</hw> (h&add;lt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>To cause to cease marching; to stop; as, the general
<i>halted</i> his troops for refreshment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Halt</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>healt</i>; akin to
OS., Dan., &amp; Sw. <i>halt</i>, Icel. <i>haltr</i>, <i>halltr</i>,
Goth. <i>halts</i>, OHG. <i>halz</i>.] <def>Halting or stopping in
walking; lame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bring in hither the poor, and the maimed, and the
<i>halt</i>, and the blind.</blockquote> <i>Luke xiv. 21. </i></p>

<p><hw>Halt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of limping;
lameness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Halt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>halten</i>, AS.
<i>healtian</i>. See <u>Halt</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To walk lamely; to limp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have an irregular rhythm; to be
defective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The blank verse shall <i>halt</i> for it.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Halt"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
halts or limps; a cripple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"ter</hw> (h&add;l"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>halter</i>, <i>helter</i>, <i>helfter</i>, AS.
<i>h&aelig;lftre</i>; akin to G. <i>halfter</i>, D. <i>halfter</i>,
<i>halster</i>, and also to E. <i>helve</i>. See <u>Helve</u>.]
<def>A strong strap or cord. Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A rope
or strap, with or without a headstall, for leading or tying a horse.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A rope for hanging malefactors; a noose.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No man e'er felt the <i>halter</i> draw<BR>
With good opinion of the law.</blockquote> <i>Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Haltered</u> (-t&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Haltering</u>.] <def>To tie by the neck with a rope,
strap, or halter; to put a halter on; to subject to a hangman's
halter.</def> "A <i>haltered</i> neck."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hal*te"res</hw> (h&abreve;l*t&emacr;"r&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"alth^res</grk> weights used in
jumping, fr. <grk>"a`llesqai</grk> to leap.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Balancers; the rudimentary hind wings of Diptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"ter-sack`</hw> (h&add;l"t&etilde;r*s&abreve;k`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A term of reproach, implying that one is
fit to be hanged.</def> [Obs.] <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Halt"ing*ly</hw> (h&add;lt"&ibreve;ng*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a halting or limping manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hal"vans</hw> (h&abreve;l"v<i>a</i>nz), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Impure ore; dirty ore.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal"ve</hw> (h&auml;l"v<i>e</i>), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
half.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Halve</hw> (h&auml;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Halved</u> (h&auml;vd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Halving</u>.] [From <u>Half</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To divide into two equal parts; as, to <i>halve</i> an apple; to
be or form half of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So far apart their lives are thrown<BR>
From the twin soul that <i>halves</i> their own.</blockquote>  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>To join, as two pieces of
timber, by cutting away each for half its thickness at the joining
place, and fitting together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Halved</hw> (h&auml;vd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Appearing
as if one side, or one half, were cut away; dimidiate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Halves</hw> (h&auml;vz), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Half</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By halves</b></col>, <cd>by one half at once; halfway;
fragmentarily; partially; incompletely.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not believe by <i>halves</i>; either I have
faith, or I have it not.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To go halves</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Go</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hal"we</hw> (h&auml;l"w<i>e</i>), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.,
fr. AS. <i>h&amacr;lga</i>. See <u>Holy</u>.] <def>A saint.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hal"yard</hw> (h&abreve;l"y&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hale</i>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> + <i>yard</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A rope or tackle for hoisting or lowering yards, sails, flags,
etc.</def> [Written also <i>halliard</i>, <i>haulyard</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Hal`y*si"tes</hw> (h&abreve;l`&ibreve;*s&imacr;"t&emacr;z),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"a`lysis</grk> a chain.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of Silurian fossil corals; the chain
corals. See <i>Chain coral</i>, under <u>Chain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham</hw> (h&auml;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Home.</def>
[North of Eng.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ham</hw> (h&abreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ham</i>;
akin to D. <i>ham</i>, dial. G. <i>hamme</i>, OHG. <i>hamma</i>.
Perh. named from the bend at the ham, and akin to E. <i>chamber</i>.
Cf. <u>Gammon</u> ham.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The region back of the knee
joint; the popliteal space; the hock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thigh of any animal; especially, the
thigh of a hog cured by salting and smoking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A plentiful lack of wit, together with most weak
<i>hams</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ham"a*dry`ad</hw> (h&abreve;m"&adot;*dr&imacr;`&abreve;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Hamadryads</b></plw> (-
&abreve;dz), L. <plw><b>Hamadryades</b></plw> (-
dr&imacr;"&adot;*d&emacr;z). [L. <i>Hamadryas</i>, <i>-adis</i>, Gr.
<grk>"Amadrya`s</grk>; <grk>"a`ma</grk> together + <grk>dry^s</grk>
oak, tree: cf. F. <i>hamadryade</i>. See <u>Same</u>, and
<u>Tree</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A tree nymph whose
life ended with that of the particular tree, usually an oak, which
had been her abode.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large venomous East
Indian snake (<i>Ophiophagus bungarus</i>), allied to the
cobras.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ha*ma"dry*as</hw> (h&adot;*m&amacr;"dr&ibreve;*&abreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a hamadryad. See <u>Hamadryad</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sacred baboon of Egypt (<i>Cynocephalus
Hamadryas</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham`a*me"lis</hw> (h&abreve;m`&adot;*m&emacr;"l&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"amamhli`s</grk> a kind of
medlar or service tree; <grk>"a`ma</grk> at the same time +
<grk>mh^lon</grk> an apple, any tree fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of plants which includes the witch-hazel (<i>Hamamelis
Virginica</i>), a preparation of which is used medicinally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"mate</hw> (h&amacr;"m&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hamatus</i>, fr. <i>hamus</i> hook.] <def>Hooked; bent at the end
into a hook; hamous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"ma*ted</hw> (h&amacr;"m&asl;*t&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hooked, or set with hooks; hamate.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ha*ma"tum</hw> (h&adot;*m&amacr;"t&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>hamatus</i> hooked.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Unciform</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"ble</hw> (h&abreve;m"b'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>hamelen</i> to mutilate, AS. <i>hamelian</i>; akin to OHG.
<i>hamal&omacr;n</i> to mutilate, <i>hamal</i> mutilated, <i>ham</i>
mutilated, Icel. <i>hamla</i> to mutilate.  Cf.<u>Hamper</u> to
fetter.] <def>To hamstring.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ham"burg</hw> (-b&ucirc;rg), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
commercial city of Germany, near the mouth of the Elbe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black Hamburg grape</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Black</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hamburg edging</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
embroidered work done by machinery on cambric or muslin; -- used for
trimming.</cd> -- <col><b>Hamburg lake</b></col>, <cd>a purplish
crimson pigment resembling cochineal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hame</hw> (h&amacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Home.</def>
[Scot. &amp; O. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Hame</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>haims</i>,
<i>hammys</i>, <i>hems</i>, OE. <i>ham</i>; cf. D. <i>haam</i>.]
<def>One of the two curved pieces of wood or metal, in the harness of
a draught horse, to which the traces are fastened. They are fitted
upon the collar, or have pads fitting the horse's neck attached to
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"el</hw> (h&abreve;m"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Obs.] <def>Same as <u>Hamble</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hame"seck`en</hw> (h&amacr;m"s&ebreve;k`'n),
<hw>Hame"suck`en</hw> (-s&ubreve;k`'n), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&amacr;ms&omacr;cn</i>. See <u>Home</u>, and <u>Seek</u>.]
<i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The felonious seeking and invasion of a
person in his dwelling house.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha"mi*form</hw> (h&amacr;"m&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hamus</i> hook + <i>-form</i>.]
<def>Hook-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"il*ton pe"ri*od</hw> (h&abreve;m"&ibreve;l*t&ubreve;n
p&emacr;"r&ibreve;*&ubreve;d). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A subdivision of
the Devonian system of America; -- so named from <i>Hamilton</i>,
Madison Co., New York. It includes the Marcellus, Hamilton, and
Genesee epochs or groups. See the Chart of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ham`i*nu"ra</hw> (h&abreve;m`&ibreve;*n&umacr;"r&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large edible river
fish (<i>Erythrinus macrodon</i>) of Guiana.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"mite</hw> (h&amacr;"m&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L.
<i>hamus</i> hook.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil cephalopod of the
genus <i>Hamites</i>, related to the ammonites, but having the last
whorl bent into a hooklike form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"ite</hw> (h&abreve;m"&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A descendant of Ham, Noah's second son. See Gen. x. 6-
20.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham*it"ic</hw> (h&abreve;m*&ibreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to Ham or his
descendants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hamitic languages</b></col>, <cd>the group of languages
spoken mainly in the Sahara, Egypt, Galla, and Som&acirc;li Land, and
supposed to be allied to the Semitic.</cd>  <i>Keith
Johnston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ham"let</hw> (h&abreve;m"l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>hamelet</i>, OF. <i>hamelet</i>, dim. of <i>hamel</i>, F.
<i>hameau</i>, LL. <i>hamellum</i>, a dim. of German origin; cf. G.
<i>heim</i> home.  &radic;220. See <u>Home</u>.] <def>A small
village; a little cluster of houses in the country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The country wasted, and the <i>hamlets</i>
burned.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Village; neighborhood. See <u>Village</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ham"let*ed</hw>, <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Confined to a
hamlet.</def>  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer</hw> (-m&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>hamer</i>, AS. <i>hamer</i>, <i>hamor</i>; akin to D.
<i>hamer</i>, G. &amp; Dan. <i>hammer</i>, Sw. <i>hammare</i>, Icel.
<i>hamarr</i>, hammer, crag, and perh. to Gr. <grk>'a`kmwn</grk>
anvil, Skr. <i>a&ccedil;man</i> stone.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
instrument for driving nails, beating metals, and the like,
consisting of a head, usually of steel or iron, fixed crosswise to a
handle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With busy <i>hammers</i> closing rivets
up.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something which in form or action
resembles the common hammer</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That
part of a clock which strikes upon the bell to indicate the
hour.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The padded mallet of a piano,
which strikes the wires, to produce the tones.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The malleus.</def> See under
<u>Ear</u>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>That part of a
gunlock which strikes the percussion cap, or firing pin; the cock;
formerly, however, a piece of steel covering the pan of a flintlock
musket and struck by the flint of the cock to ignite the
priming.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Also, a person or thing that
smites or shatters; as, St. Augustine was the <i>hammer</i> of
heresies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He met the stern legionaries [of Rome] who had been
the "massive iron <i>hammers</i>" of the whole earth.</blockquote>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Atmospheric hammer</b></col>, <cd>a dead-stroke hammer in
which the spring is formed by confined air.</cd> -- <col><b>Drop
hammer</b></col>, <col><b>Face hammer</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under
<u>Drop</u>, <u>Face</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Hammer fish</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Hammerhead</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hammer
hardening</b></col>, <cd>the process of hardening metal by hammering
it when cold.</cd> -- <col><b>Hammer shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of <i>Malleus</i>, a genus of
marine bivalve shells, allied to the pearl oysters, having the wings
narrow and elongated, so as to give them a hammer-shaped outline; --
called also <i>hammer oyster</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring to the
hammer</b></col>, <cd>to put up at auction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hammered</u> (-m&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hammering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat with
a hammer; to beat with heavy blows; as, to <i>hammer</i>
iron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form or forge with a hammer; to shape
by beating.</def> "<i>Hammered</i> money."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form in the mind; to shape by hard
intellectual labor; -- usually with <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who was <i>hammering</i> out a penny
dialogue.</blockquote> <i>Jeffry.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be busy forming anything; to labor hard as if shaping
something with a hammer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereon this month I have been
<i>hammering</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike repeated blows, literally or
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blood and revenge are <i>hammering</i> in my
head.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer*a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being formed or shaped by a hammer.</def>
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer-beam`</hw> (-b&emacr;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Gothic Arch.)</i> <def>A member of one description of roof truss,
called <i>hammer-beam truss</i>, which is so framed as not to have a
tiebeam at the top of the wall. Each principal has two hammer-beams,
which occupy the situation, and to some extent serve the purpose, of
a tiebeam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer*cloth`</hw> (-kl&obreve;th; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Prob. fr. D. <i>hemel</i> heaven, canopy, tester (akin to G.
<i>himmel</i>, and perh. also to E. <i>heaven</i>) + E. <i>cloth</i>;
or perh. a corruption of <i>hamper cloth</i>.] <def>The cloth which
covers a coach box.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer-dressed`</hw> (-dr&ebreve;st`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the surface roughly shaped or faced with the
stonecutter's hammer; -- said of building stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who works with a hammer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer-hard`en</hw> (-h&auml;rd`'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To harden, as a metal, by hammering it in the cold
state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer*head`</hw> (-h&ebreve;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A shark of the genus
<i>Sphyrna</i> or <i>Zyg&aelig;na</i>, having the eyes set on
projections from the sides of the head, which gives it a hammer
shape. The <i>Sphyrna zyg&aelig;na</i> is found in the North
Atlantic. Called also <i>hammer fish</i>, and <i>balance
fish</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 667 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fresh-water fish;
the stone-roller.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African fruit bat
(<i>Hypsignathus monstrosus</i>); -- so called from its large blunt
nozzle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer*kop</hw> (h&abreve;m"m&etilde;r*k&obreve;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird of the Heron
family; the umber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer-less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Firearms)</i>
<def>Without a visible hammer; -- said of a gun having a cock or
striker concealed from sight, and out of the way of an accidental
touch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer*man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Hammermen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>A
hammerer; a forgeman.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ham`mo*chry"sos</hw>
(h&abreve;m`m&osl;*kr&imacr;"s&obreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
fr. Gr. <grk>"ammo`chrysos</grk>; <grk>"a`mmos</grk>,
<grk>'a`mmos</grk>, sand + <grk>chryso`s</grk> gold.] <def>A stone
with spangles of gold color in it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mock</hw> (h&abreve;m"m&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A
word of Indian origin: cf. Sp. <i>hamaca</i>. Columbus, in the
Narrative of his first voyage, says: "A great many Indians in canoes
came to the ship to-day for the purpose of bartering their cotton,
and <i>hamacas</i>, or nets, in which they sleep."]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A swinging couch or bed, usually made of
netting or canvas about six feet long and three feet wide, suspended
by clews or cords at the ends.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of land thickly wooded, and
usually covered with bushes and vines. Used also adjectively; as,
<i>hammock</i> land.</def> [Southern U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hammock nettings</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>formerly,
nets for stowing hammocks; now, more often, wooden boxes or a trough
on the rail, used for that purpose.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ha*mose"</hw> (h&asl;*m&omacr;s"), <hw>Ha"mous</hw>
(h&amacr;"m&ubreve;s), }[L. <i>hamus</i> hook.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the end hooked or curved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"per</hw> (h&abreve;m"p&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Contr. fr. <i>hanaper</i>.] <def>A large basket, usually with a
cover, used for the packing and carrying of articles; as, a
<i>hamper</i> of wine; a clothes <i>hamper</i>; an oyster
<i>hamper</i>, which contains two bushels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hampered</u> (-p&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hampering</u>.] <def>To put in a hamper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hamperen</i>,
<i>hampren</i>, prob. of the same origin as E. <i>hamble</i>.]
<def>To put a hamper or fetter on; to shackle; to insnare; to
inveigle; to entangle; hence, to impede in motion or progress; to
embarrass; to encumber.</def> "<i>Hampered</i> nerves."
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A lion <i>hampered</i> in a net.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>hamper</i> and entangle our
souls.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ham"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hamper</u> to
shackle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shackle; a fetter; anything which
impedes.</def>  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Articles ordinarily
indispensable, but in the way at certain times.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Top hamper</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>unnecessary spars
and rigging kept aloft.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ham"shac`kle</hw> (h&abreve;m"sh&abreve;k`'l), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<i>Ham</i> + <i>shackle</i>.] <def>To fasten (an
animal) by a rope binding the head to one of the fore legs; as, to
<i>hamshackle</i> a horse or cow; hence, to bind or restrain; to
curb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"ster</hw> (-st&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>hamster</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small European rodent
(<i>Cricetus frumentarius</i>). It is remarkable for having a pouch
on each side of the jaw, under the skin, and for its
migrations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"string`</hw> (h&abreve;m"str&ibreve;ng`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the great tendons
situated in each side of the ham, or space back of the knee, and
connected with the muscles of the back of the thigh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"string`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hamstrung</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hamstringing</u>. See <u>String</u>.] <def>To lame or disable by
cutting the tendons of the ham or knee; to hough; hence, to cripple;
to incapacitate; to disable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So have they <i>hamstrung</i> the valor of the subject
by seeking to effeminate us all at home.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ham"u*lar</hw> (h&abreve;m"&usl;*l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hooked; hooklike; hamate; as, the
<i>hamular</i> process of the sphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"u*late</hw> (-l&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Furnished with a small hook; hook-shaped.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ham"ule</hw> (-&umacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hamulus</i>.] <def>A little hook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"u*lose`</hw> (-&usl;*l&omacr;s`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hamulus</i>, dim. of <i>hamus</i> a hook.] <def>Bearing a small
hook at the end.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ham"u*lus</hw> (-l&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Hamuli</b></plw> (-l&imacr;). [L., a little hook.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A hook, or hooklike
process.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hooked barbicel of a
feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Han</hw> (h&abreve;n), contr. <pos><i>inf. &amp; plural
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Haven</u>. <def>To have; have.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Him thanken all, and thus they <i>han</i> an
end.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Han"ap</hw> (-&abreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hanap</i>. See <u>Hanaper</u>.] <def>A rich goblet, esp. one used
on state occasions.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Han"a*per</hw> (-&adot;*p&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>hanaperium</i> a large vase, fr. <i>hanapus</i> vase, bowl, cup
(whence F. <i>hanap</i>); of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>hnapf</i>, G.
<i>napf</i>, akin to AS. <i>hn&aelig;p</i> cup, bowl.  Cf.
<u>Hamper</u>, <u>Nappy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A kind of
basket, usually of wickerwork, and adapted for the packing and
carrying of articles; a hamper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hanaper office</b></col>, <cd>an office of the English
court of chancery in which writs relating to the business of the
public, and the returns to them, were anciently kept in a hanaper or
hamper.</cd>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hance</hw> (h&adot;ns), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Enhance</u>.] <def>To raise; to elevate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hance</hw> (h&abreve;ns), <hw>Hanch</hw> (h&abreve;nch), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hanse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Hanse</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A sudden fall or break, as
the fall of the fife rail down to the gangway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand</hw> (h&abreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hand</i>, <i>hond</i>; akin to D., G., &amp; Sw. <i>hand</i>, OHG.
<i>hant</i>, Dan. <i>haand</i>, Icel. <i>h&ouml;nd</i>, Goth.
<i>handus</i>, and perh. to Goth. <i>hin&thorn;an</i> to seize (in
comp.).  Cf. <u>Hunt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part of the
fore limb below the forearm or wrist in man and monkeys, and the
corresponding part in many other animals; manus; paw. See
<u>Manus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles, or to some extent
performs the office of, a human hand</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A limb of certain animals, as the foot of a hawk, or any one of
the four extremities of a monkey.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
index or pointer on a dial; as, the hour or minute <i>hand</i> of a
clock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A measure equal to a hand's breadth, --
four inches; a palm. Chiefly used in measuring the height of
horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Side; part; direction, either right or
left.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On this <i>hand</i> and that <i>hand</i>, were
hangings.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxviii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Protestants were then on the winning
<i>hand</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Power of performance; means of execution;
ability; skill; dexterity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had a great mind to try his <i>hand</i> at a
Spectator.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Actual performance; deed; act;
workmanship; agency; hence, manner of performance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To change the <i>hand</i> in carrying on the
war.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gideon said unto God, If thou wilt save Israel by my
<i>hand</i>.</blockquote> <i>Judges vi. 36.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An agent; a servant, or laborer; a
workman, trained or competent for special service or duty; a
performer more or less skillful; as, a deck <i>hand</i>; a farm
<i>hand</i>; an old <i>hand</i> at speaking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dictionary containing a natural history requires too
many <i>hands</i>, as well as too much time, ever to be hoped
for.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I was always reckoned a lively <i>hand</i> at a
simile.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Handwriting; style of penmanship; as, a
good, bad, or running <i>hand</i>. Hence, a signature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I say she never did invent this letter;<BR>
This is a man's invention and his <i>hand</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some writs require a judge's <i>hand</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Burril.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Personal possession; ownership; hence,
control; direction; management; -- usually in the plural.</def>
"Receiving in <i>hand</i> one year's tribute."  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Albinus . . . found means to keep in his <i>hands</i>
the government of Britain.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Agency in transmission from one person to
another; as, to buy at first <i>hand</i>, that is, from the producer,
or when new; at second <i>hand</i>, that is, when no longer in the
producer's hand, or when not new.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Rate; price.</def> [Obs.] "Business is
bought at a dear <i>hand</i>, where there is small dispatch."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>That which is, or may be, held in a hand
at once</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>The
quota of cards received from the dealer.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Tobacco Manuf.)</i> <def>A bundle of tobacco leaves tied
together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Firearms)</i> <def>The small part of a
gunstock near the lock, which is grasped by the hand in taking
aim.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Hand</i> is used figuratively for a large variety of
acts or things, in the doing, or making, or use of which the hand is
in some way employed or concerned; also, as a symbol to denote
various qualities or conditions, as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Activity;
operation; work; -- in distinction from the <i>head</i>, which
implies thought, and the <i>heart</i>, which implies affection. "His
<i>hand</i> will be against every man." <i>Gen. xvi.
12.</i><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Power; might; supremacy; -- often in the
Scriptures. "With a mighty <i>hand</i> . . . will I rule over you."
<i>Ezek. xx. 33.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> Fraternal feeling; as, to
give, or take, the <i>hand</i>; to give the right <i>hand</i>.
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> Contract; -- commonly of marriage; as, to ask the
<i>hand</i>; to pledge the <i>hand</i>.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Hand</i> is often used adjectively or in compounds (with
or without the hyphen), signifying <i>performed by the hand</i>; as,
<i>hand</i> blow or <i>hand</i>-blow, <i>hand</i> gripe or
<i>hand</i>-gripe: <i>used by</i>, or <i>designed for</i>, <i>the
hand</i>; as, <i>hand</i> ball or <i>hand</i>ball, <i>hand</i> bow,
<i>hand</i> fetter, <i>hand</i> grenade or <i>hand</i>-grenade,
<i>hand</i>gun or <i>hand</i> gun, <i>hand</i>loom or <i>hand</i>
loom, <i>hand</i>mill or <i>hand</i> organ or <i>hand</i>organ,
<i>hand</i>saw or <i>hand</i> saw, <i>hand</i>-weapon:
<i>measured</i> or <i>regulated by the hand</i>; as,
<i>hand</i>breadth or <i>hand's</i> breadth, <i>hand</i> gallop or
<i>hand</i>-gallop. Most of the words in the following paragraph are
written either as two words or in combination.</p>

<p><col><b>Hand bag</b></col>, <cd>a satchel; a small bag for
carrying books, papers, parcels, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand
basket</b></col>, <cd>a small or portable basket.</cd> --
<col><b>Hand bell</b></col>, <cd>a small bell rung by the hand; a
table bell.</cd> <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>Hand bill</b></col>, <cd>a
small pruning hook. See 4th <u>Bill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand
car</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Car</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand
director</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an instrument to aid in forming
a good position of the hands and arms when playing on the piano; a
hand guide.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand drop</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Wrist
drop</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand gallop</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Gallop</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand gear</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>apparatus by means of which a machine, or parts of a machine,
usually operated by other power, may be operated by hand.</cd> --
<col><b>Hand glass</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A glass or
small glazed frame, for the protection of plants.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A small mirror with a handle.</cd> --
<col><b>Hand guide</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Hand director</i>
(above).</cd> -- <col><b>Hand language</b></col>, <cd>the art of
conversing by the hands, esp. as practiced by the deaf and dumb;
dactylology.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand lathe</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Lathe</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand money</b></col>, <cd>money paid in
hand to bind a contract; earnest money.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand
organ</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a barrel organ, operated by a
crank turned by hand.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand plant</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Hand tree</i> (below). -- <u>Hand
rail</u>, a rail, as in staircases, to hold by.</cd> <i>Gwilt.</i> --
<col><b>Hand sail</b></col>, <cd>a sail managed by the hand.</cd>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i> -- <col><b>Hand screen</b></col>, <cd>a small
screen to be held in the hand.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand screw</b></col>,
<cd>a small jack for raising heavy timbers or weights</cd>;
<i>(Carp.)</i> <cd>a screw clamp.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand
staff</b></col> (pl. <plw><b>Hand staves</b></plw>), <cd>a
javelin.</cd> <i>Ezek. xxxix. 9.</i> -- <col><b>Hand stamp</b></col>,
<cd>a small stamp for dating, addressing, or canceling papers,
envelopes, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a lofty tree found in Mexico (<i>Cheirostemon platanoides</i>),
having red flowers whose stamens unite in the form of a hand.</cd> --
<col><b>Hand vise</b></col>, <cd>a small vise held in the hand in
doing small work.</cd> <i>Moxon.</i> -- <col><b>Hand work</b></col>,
or <col><b>Handwork</b></col>, <cd>work done with the hands, as
distinguished from work done by a machine; handiwork.</cd> --
<col><b>All hands</b></col>, <cd>everybody; all parties.</cd> --
<col><b>At all hands</b></col>, <col><b>On all hands</b></col>,
<cd>on all sides; from every direction; generally.</cd> -- <col><b>At
any hand</b></col>, <col><b>At no hand</b></col>, <cd>in any (or no)
way or direction; on any account; on no account.</cd> "And therefore
<i>at no hand</i> consisting with the safety and interests of
humility." <i>Jer. Taylor.</i> -- <col><b>At first hand</b></col>,
<col><b>At second hand</b></col>. <cd>See def. 10 (above).</cd> --
<col><b>At hand</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Near in time or
place; either present and within reach, or not far distant.</cd>
"Your husband is <i>at hand</i>; I hear his trumpet." <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Under the hand or bridle.</cd> [Obs.] "Horses
hot <i>at hand</i>." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>At the hand
of</b></col>, <cd>by the act of; as a gift from.</cd> "Shall we
receive good <i>at the hand of</i> God and shall we not receive
evil?" <i>Job ii. 10.</i> -- <col><b>Bridle hand</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Bridle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>By hand</b></col>, <cd>with the
hands, in distinction from instrumentality of tools, engines, or
animals; as, to weed a garden <i>by hand</i>; to lift, draw, or carry
<i>by hand</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Clean hands</b></col>, <cd>freedom
from guilt, esp. from the guilt of dishonesty in money matters, or of
bribe taking.</cd> "He that hath <i>clean hands</i> shall be stronger
and stronger." <i>Job xvii. 9.</i> -- <col><b>From hand to
hand</b></col>, <cd>from one person to another.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand
in hand</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In union; conjointly;
unitedly.</cd> <i>Swift.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Just; fair;
equitable.</cd><BR>
<BR>
<blockquote>As fair and as good, a kind of <i>hand in hand</i>
comparison.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i><BR>
<BR>
 -- <col><b>Hand over hand</b></col>, <col><b>Hand over
fist</b></col>, <cd>by passing the hands alternately one before or
above another; as, to climb <i>hand over hand</i>; also, rapidly; as,
to come up with a chase <i>hand over hand</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hand
over head</b></col>, <cd>negligently; rashly; without seeing what one
does.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>Hand running</b></col>,
<cd>consecutively; as, he won ten times <i>hand running</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hands off!</b></col> <cd>keep off! forbear! no interference
or meddling!</cd> -- <col><b>Hand to hand</b></col>, <cd>in close
union; in close fight; as, a <i>hand to hand</i> contest.</cd>
<i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>Heavy hand</b></col>, <cd>severity or
oppression.</cd> -- <col><b>In hand</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Paid down.</cd> "A considerable reward <i>in hand</i>, and . . .
a far greater reward hereafter." <i>Tillotson.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In preparation; taking place.</cd>
<i>Chaucer.</i> "Revels . . . in <i>hand</i>." <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Under consideration, or in the course of
transaction; as, he has the business <i>in hand</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>In one's hand</b></col> or <col><b>hands</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In one's possession or keeping.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>At one's risk, or peril; as, I took my life
<i>in my hand</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Laying on of hands</b></col>,
<cd>a form used in consecrating to office, in the rite of
confirmation, and in blessing persons.</cd> -- <col><b>Light
hand</b></col>, <cd>gentleness; moderation.</cd> -- <col><b>Note of
hand</b></col>, <cd>a promissory note.</cd> -- <col><b>Off
hand</b></col>, <col><b>Out of hand</b></col>, <cd>forthwith; without
delay, hesitation, or difficulty; promptly.</cd> "She causeth them to
be hanged up <i>out of hand</i>." <i>Spenser.</i> -- <col><b>Off
one's hands</b></col>, <cd>out of one's possession or care.</cd> --
<col><b>On hand</b></col>, <cd>in present possession; as, he has a
supply of goods <i>on hand</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>On one's
hands</b></col>, <cd>in one's possession care, or management.</cd> --
<col><b>Putting the hand under the thigh</b></col>, <cd>an ancient
Jewish ceremony used in swearing.</cd> -- <col><b>Right
hand</b></col>, <cd>the place of honor, power, and strength.</cd> --
<col><b>Slack hand</b></col>, <cd>idleness; carelessness;
inefficiency; sloth.</cd> -- <col><b>Strict hand</b></col>,
<cd>severe discipline; rigorous government.</cd> -- <col><b>To bear a
hand</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to give help quickly; to
hasten.</cd> -- <col><b>To bear in hand</b></col>, <cd>to keep in
expectation with false pretenses.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>To be hand</b></col> <col><b>and glove</b></col>, or
<col><b>in glove</b></col>, <col><b>with</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Glove</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To be on the mending hand</b></col>,
<cd>to be convalescent or improving.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring up by
hand</b></col>, <cd>to feed (an infant) without suckling it.</cd> --
<col><b>To change hand</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Change</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To change hands</b></col>, <cd>to change sides, or change
owners.</cd> <i>Hudibras.</i> -- <col><b>To clap the hands</b></col>,
<cd>to express joy or applause, as by striking the palms of the hands
together.</cd> -- <col><b>To come to hand</b></col>, <cd>to be
received; to be taken into possession; as, the letter <i>came to
hand</i> yesterday.</cd> -- <col><b>To get hand</b></col>, <cd>to
gain influence.</cd> [Obs.]<BR>
<BR>
<blockquote>Appetites have . . . <i>got</i> such a <i>hand</i> over
them.</blockquote> <i>Baxter.</i><BR>
<BR>
 -- <col><b>To get one's hand in</b></col>, <cd>to make a beginning
in a certain work; to become accustomed to a particular
business.</cd> -- <col><b>To have a hand in</b></col>, <cd>to be
concerned in; to have a part or concern in doing; to have an agency
or be employed in.</cd> -- <col><b>To have in hand</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To have in one's power or control.</cd>
<i>Chaucer.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be engaged upon or
occupied with.</cd> -- <col><b>To have one's hands full</b></col>,
<cd>to have in hand all that one can do, or more than can be done
conveniently; to be pressed with labor or engagements; to be
surrounded with difficulties.</cd> -- <col><b>To</b></col>
<col><b>have, or get</b></col>, <col><b>the (higher) upper
hand</b></col>, <cd>to have, or get, the better of another person or
thing.</cd> -- <col><b>To his hand</b></col>, <col><b>To my
hand</b></col>, etc., <cd>in readiness; already prepared.</cd> "The
work is made <i>to his hands</i>." <i>Locke.</i> -- <col><b>To hold
hand</b></col>, <cd>to compete successfully or on even
conditions.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To lay hands
on</b></col>, <cd>to seize; to assault.</cd> -- <col><b>To lend a
hand</b></col>, <cd>to give assistance.</cd> -- <col><b>To</b></col>
<col><b>lift, or put forth</b></col>, <col><b>the hand
against</b></col>, <cd>to attack; to oppose; to kill.</cd> --
<col><b>To live from hand to mouth</b></col>, <cd>to obtain food and
other necessaries as want compels, without previous provision.</cd> -
- <col><b>To make one's hand</b></col>, <cd>to gain advantage or
profit.</cd> -- <col><b>To put the hand unto</b></col>, <cd>to
steal.</cd> <i>Ex. xxii. 8.</i>-- <col><b>To put the</b></col>
<col><b>last, or finishing</b></col>, <col><b>hand to</b></col>,
<cd>to make the last corrections in; to complete; to perfect.</cd> --
<col><b>To set the hand to</b></col>, <cd>to engage in; to
undertake.</cd><BR>
<BR>
<blockquote>That the Lord thy God may bless thee in all that thou
<i>settest thine hand to</i>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxiii.
20.</i><BR>
<BR>
  -- <col><b>To stand one in hand</b></col>, <cd>to concern or affect
one.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike hands</b></col>, <cd>to make a
contract, or to become surety for another's debt or good
behavior.</cd> -- <col><b>To take in hand</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To attempt or undertake</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To seize and deal with; as, he <i>took</i>
him <i>in hand</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To wash the hands of</b></col>,
<cd>to disclaim or renounce interest in, or responsibility for, a
person or action; as, <i>to wash one's hands of</i> a business.</cd>
<i>Matt. xxvii. 24.</i> -- <col><b>Under the hand of</b></col>,
<cd>authenticated by the handwriting or signature of; as, the deed is
executed <i>under the hand</i> and seal <i>of</i> the owner.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hand</hw> (h&abreve;nd), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Handed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Handing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give, pass, or transmit
with the hand; as, he <i>handed</i> them the letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lead, guide, or assist with the hand;
to conduct; as, to <i>hand</i> a lady into a carriage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To manage; as, I <i>hand</i> my oar.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To seize; to lay hands on.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To pledge by the hand; to handfast.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To furl; -- said of a
sail.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hand down</b></col>, <cd>to transmit in succession, as
from father to son, or from predecessor to successor; as, fables are
<i>handed down</i> from age to age; to forward to the proper officer
(the decision of a higher court); as, the Clerk of the Court of
Appeals <i>handed down</i> its decision.</cd> -- <col><b>To hand
over</b></col>, <cd>to yield control of; to surrender; to deliver
up.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hand</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
co&ouml;perate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"bar`row</hw> (-b&abreve;r`r&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A frame or barrow, without a wheel, carried by hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"bill`</hw> (-b&ibreve;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A loose, printed sheet, to be distributed by
hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pruning hook.</def> [Usually written
<i>hand bill</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hand"book`</hw> (-b&oocr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hand</i> + <i>book</i>; cf. AS. <i>handb&omacr;c</i>, or G.
<i>handbuch</i>.] <def>A book of reference, to be carried in the
hand; a manual; a guidebook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"breadth`</hw> (-br&ebreve;dth`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A space equal to the breadth of the hand; a palm.</def>  <i>Ex.
xxxvii. 12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"cart`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cart drawn or
pushed by hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"cloth`</hw> (-kl&obreve;th`; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A handkerchief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"craft`</hw> (-kr&adot;ft`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Handicraft</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"crafts`man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-men</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>A
handicraftsman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"cuff`</hw> (-k&ubreve;f`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>handcops</i>; <i>hand</i> hand + <i>cosp</i>, <i>cops</i>, fetter.
The second part was confused with E. <i>cuffs</i>,] <def>A fastening,
consisting of an iron ring around the wrist, usually connected by a
chain with one on the other wrist; a manacle; -- usually in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><! p. 668 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>Hand"cuff`</hw> (h&abreve;nd"k&ubreve;f`), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Handcuffed</u> (-
k&ubreve;ft`); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Handcuffing</u>.]
<def>To apply handcuffs to; to manacle.</def>  <i>Hay (1754).</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>With hands joined; hand in hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Into their inmost bower,<BR>
<i>Handed</i> they went.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a peculiar or characteristic
hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As poisonous tongued as <i>handed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Handed</i> is used in composition in the sense of
<i>having</i> (such or so many) <i>hands</i>; as, bloody-
<i>handed</i>; free-<i>handed</i>; heavy-<i>handed</i>; left-
<i>handed</i>; single-<i>handed</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Hand"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hands over or transmits; a conveyer in succession.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"fast`</hw> (-f&adot;st`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hold; grasp; custody; power of confining or
keeping.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contract; specifically, espousal.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hand"fast`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fast by contract;
betrothed by joining hands.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"fast`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Handfasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Handfasting</u>.] <def>To pledge; to bind; to betroth by joining
hands, in order to permit cohabitation, before the celebration of
marriage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hand"fast`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [G. <i>handfest</i>;
<i>hand</i> hand + <i>fest</i> strong. See <u>Fast</u>.] <def>Strong;
steadfast.</def>[R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"fast`ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a handfast
or publicly pledged manner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"fish`</hw> (-f&ibreve;sh`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The frogfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"ful</hw> (-f&usdot;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Handfuls</b></plw> (-f&usdot;lz). [AS. <i>handfull</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>As much as the hand will grasp or
contain.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hand's breadth; four inches.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Knap the tongs together about a <i>handful</i> from
the bottom.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small quantity or number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>handful</i> of men were tied to very hard
duty.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To have one's handful</b></col>, <cd>to have one's hands
full; to have all one can do.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>had their handful</i> to defend themselves
from firing.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"-hole`</hw> (-h&omacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Steam
Boilers)</i> <def>A small hole in a boiler for the insertion of the
hand in cleaning, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hand-hole plate</b></col>, <cd>the cover of a hand-
hole.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hand"i*cap</hw> (h&abreve;n"d&ibreve;*k&abreve;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>hand in cap</i>; -- perh. in reference
to an old mode of settling a bargain by taking pieces of money from a
cap.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An allowance of a certain amount of
time or distance in starting, granted in a race to the competitor
possessing inferior advantages; or an additional weight or other
hindrance imposed upon the one possessing superior advantages, in
order to equalize, as much as possible, the chances of success; as,
the <i>handicap</i> was five seconds, or ten pounds, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A race, for horses or men, or any contest
of agility, strength, or skill, in which there is an allowance of
time, distance, weight, or other advantage, to equalize the chances
of the competitors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An old game at cards.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"i*cap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Handicapped</u> (-k&abreve;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Handicapping</u>.] <def>To encumber with a handicap
in any contest; hence, in general, to place at disadvantage; as, the
candidate was heavily <i>handicapped</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"i*cap`per</hw> (-k&abreve;p`p&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who determines the conditions of a
handicap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"i*craft</hw> (h&abreve;nd"&ibreve;*kr&adot;ft),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>handcraft</i>, influenced by
<i>handiwork</i>; AS. <i>handcr&aelig;ft</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A trade requiring skill of hand; manual occupation;
handcraft.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man who earns his living by handicraft;
a handicraftsman.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"i*crafts`man</hw> (-kr&adot;fts`m<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-men</b></plw> (-
m<i>e</i>n). <def>A man skilled or employed in handcraft.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"i*ly</hw> (-&ibreve;*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[See <u>Handy</u>.] <def>In a handy manner; skillfully;
conveniently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being handy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"i`ron</hw> (-&imacr;`&ubreve;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Andiron</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hand"i*work`</hw> (-&ibreve;*w&ucirc;rk`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>handiwerc</i>, AS. <i>handgeweorc</i>;
<i>hand</i> hand + <i>geweorc</i> work; prefix <i>ge-</i> +
<i>weorc</i>. See <u>Work</u>.] <def>Work done by the hands; hence,
any work done personally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The firmament showeth his
<i>handiwork</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xix. 1.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"ker*cher</hw> (h&abreve;&nsm;"k&etilde;r*ch&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A handkerchief.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]
<i>Chapman (1654). Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"ker*chief</hw> (h&abreve;&nsm;"k&etilde;r*ch&ibreve;f;
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hand</i> + <i>kerchief</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of cloth, usually square and often
fine and elegant, carried for wiping the face or hands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of cloth shaped like a
handkerchief to be worn about the neck; a neckerchief; a
neckcloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Han"dle</hw> (h&abreve;n"d'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Handled</u> (-d'ld); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Handling</u>(-dl&ibreve;ng).] [OE.
<i>handlen</i>, AS. <i>handlian</i>; akin to D. <i>handelen</i> to
trade, G. <i>handeln</i>. See <u>Hand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To touch; to feel with the hand; to use or hold with the
hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Handle</i> me, and see; for a spirit hath not
flesh.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxiv. 39.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>About his altar, <i>handling</i> holy
things.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To manage in using, as a spade or a
musket; to wield; often, to manage skillfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That fellow <i>handles</i> his bow like a
crowkeeper.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To accustom to the hand; to work upon, or
take care of, with the hands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hardness of the winters forces the breeders to
house and <i>handle</i> their colts six months every
year.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To receive and transfer; to have pass
through one's hands; hence, to buy and sell; as, a merchant
<i>handles</i> a variety of goods, or a large stock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To deal with; to make a business
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that <i>handle</i> the law knew me
not.</blockquote> <i>Jer. ii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To treat; to use, well or ill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How wert thou <i>handled</i> being
prisoner?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To manage; to control; to practice skill
upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall see how I will <i>handle</i>
her.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To use or manage in writing or speaking;
to treat, as a theme, an argument, or an objection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We will <i>handle</i> what persons are apt to envy
others.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To handle without gloves</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Glove</u>.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Han"dle</hw> (h&abreve;n"d'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
use the hands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have hands, but they <i>handle</i>
not.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxv. 7.</i></p>

<p><hw>Han"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>handle</i>. See
<u>Hand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part of vessels,
instruments, etc., which is held in the hand when used or moved, as
the haft of a sword, the knob of a door, the bail of a kettle,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That of which use is made; the instrument
for effecting a purpose; a tool.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To give a handle</b></col>, <cd>to furnish an occasion or
means.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Han"dle*a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being handled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"less</hw> (h&abreve;nd"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Without a hand.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Han"dling</hw> (h&abreve;n"dl&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>handlung</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A touching,
controlling, managing, using, etc., with the hand or hands, or as
with the hands. See <u>Handle</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heavens and your fair <i>handling</i><BR>
Have made you master of the field this day.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Drawing, Painting, etc.)</i> <def>The mode
of using the pencil or brush, etc.; style of touch.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"made`</hw> (h&abreve;nd"m&amacr;d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Manufactured by hand; as, <i>handmade</i> shoes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hand"maid`</hw> (-m&amacr;d`), <hw>Hand"maiden</hw> (-'n), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maid that waits at hand; a female servant
or attendant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"saw`</hw> (-s&add;`) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A saw used
with one hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"sel</hw> (h&abreve;nd"s&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Written also <i>hansel</i>.] [OE. <i>handsal</i>, <i>hansal</i>,
<i>hansel</i>, AS. <i>handselen</i>a giving into hands, or more prob.
fr. Icel. <i>handsal</i>; <i>hand</i> hand + <i>sal</i> sale,
bargain; akin to AS. <i>sellan</i> to give, deliver. See <u>Sell</u>,
<u>Sale</u>. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sale, gift, or delivery into
the hand of another; especially, a sale, gift, delivery, or using
which is the first of a series, and regarded as an omen for the rest;
a first installment; an earnest; as the first money received for the
sale of goods in the morning, the first money taken at a shop newly
opened, the first present sent to a young woman on her wedding day,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their first good <i>handsel</i> of breath in this
world.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our present tears here, not our present laughter,<BR>
Are but the <i>handsels</i> of our joys hereafter.</blockquote>
<i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Price; payment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Handsel Monday</b></col>, <cd>the first Monday of the new
year, when <i>handsels</i> or presents are given to servants,
children, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hand"sel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Handseled</u> or <u>Handselled</u>
(h&abreve;nd"s&ebreve;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Handseling</u> or <u>Handselling</u>.] [Written also
<i>hansel</i>.] [OE <i>handsellen</i>, <i>hansellen</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>hadsala</i>, <i>handselja</i>. See <u>Handsel</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a handsel
to.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use or do for the first time, esp. so
as to make fortunate or unfortunate; to try experimentally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No contrivance of our body, but some good man in
Scripture hath <i>handseled</i> it with prayer.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"some</hw> (h&abreve;n"s&ubreve;m; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Handsomer</u> (-
&etilde;r); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Handsomest</u>.]
[<i>Hand</i> + <i>-some</i>. It at first meant, dexterous; cf. D.
<i>handzaam</i> dexterous, ready, limber, manageable, and E.
<i>handy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dexterous; skillful; handy;
ready; convenient; -- applied to things as persons.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That they [engines of war] be both easy to be carried
and <i>handsome</i> to be moved and turned about.</blockquote>
<i>Robynson (Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For a thief it is so <i>handsome</i> as it may seem it
was first invented for him.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Agreeable to the eye or to correct taste;
having a pleasing appearance or expression; attractive; having
symmetry and dignity; comely; -- expressing more than <i>pretty</i>,
and less than <i>beautiful</i>; as, a <i>handsome</i> man or woman; a
<i>handsome</i> garment, house, tree, horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Suitable or fit in action; marked with
propriety and ease; graceful; becoming; appropriate; as, a
<i>handsome</i> style, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Easiness and <i>handsome</i> address in
writing.</blockquote> <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Evincing a becoming generosity or
nobleness of character; liberal; generous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Handsome</i> is as <i>handsome</i>
does.</blockquote> <i>Old Proverb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Ample; moderately large.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . accumulated a <i>handsome</i> sum of
money.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To do the handsome thing</b></col>, <cd>to act
liberally.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Handsome</u>, <u>Pretty</u>.  <i>Pretty</i>
applies to things comparatively small, which please by their delicacy
and grace; as, a <i>pretty</i> girl, a <i>pretty</i> flower, a
<i>pretty</i> cottage. <i>Handsome</i> rises higher, and is applied
to objects on a larger scale. We admire what is <i>handsome</i>, we
are pleased with what is <i>pretty</i>. The word is connected with
<i>hand</i>, and has thus acquired the idea of training, cultivation,
symmetry, and proportion, which enters so largely into our conception
of <i>handsome</i>. Thus Drayton makes mention of <i>handsome</i>
players, meaning those who are well trained; and hence we speak of a
man's having a <i>handsome</i> address, which is the result of
culture; of a <i>handsome</i> horse or dog, which implies well
proportioned limbs; of a <i>handsome</i> face, to which, among other
qualities, the idea of proportion and a graceful contour are
essential; of a <i>handsome</i> tree, and a <i>handsome</i> house or
villa. So, from this idea of proportion or suitableness, we have,
with a different application, the expressions, a <i>handsome</i>
fortune, a <i>handsome</i> offer.</p>

<p><hw>Hand"some</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
handsome.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"some*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a handsome manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Carefully; in shipshape
style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"some*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being handsome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Handsomeness</i> is the mere animal excellence,
beauty the mere imaginative.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"spike`</hw> (h&abreve;nd"sp&imacr;k`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bar or lever, generally of wood, used in
a windlass or capstan, for heaving anchor, and, in modified forms,
for various purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"spring`</hw> (-spr&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A somersault made with the assistance of the hands placed upon
the ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"-tight`</hw> (-t&imacr;t`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>As tight as can be made by the hand.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"wheel`</hw> (-hw&emacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Any wheel worked by hand; esp., one the rim of
which serves as the handle by which a valve, car brake, or other part
is adjusted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"-winged`</hw> (h&abreve;nd"w&ibreve;ngd`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having wings that are
like hands in the structure and arrangement of their bones; -- said
of bats. See <u>Cheiroptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"writ`ing</hw> (-r&imacr;t"&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The cast or form of
writing peculiar to each hand or person; chirography.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is written by hand;
manuscript.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The handwriting on the wall</b></col>, <cd>a doom
pronounced; an omen of disaster.</cd>  <i>Dan. v. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"y</hw> (h&abreve;nd"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Handier</u> (-&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Handiest</u>.] [OE. <i>hendi</i>, AS.
<i>hendig</i> (in comp.), fr. <i>hand</i> hand; akin to D.
<i>handig</i>, Goth. <i>handugs</i> clever, wise.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Performed by the hand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To draw up and come to <i>handy</i>
strokes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Skillful in using the hand; dexterous;
ready; adroit.</def> "Each is <i>handy</i> in his way."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ready to the hand; near; also, suited to
the use of the hand; convenient; valuable for reference or use; as,
my tools are <i>handy</i>; a <i>handy</i> volume.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Easily managed; obedient to
the helm; -- said of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"y-dan`dy</hw> (-d&abreve;n`d&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A child's play, one child guessing in which
closed hand the other holds some small object, winning the object if
right and forfeiting an equivalent if wrong; hence, forfeit.</def>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"y*fight`</hw> (-f&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
fight with the hands; boxing.</def> "Pollux loves
<i>handyfights</i>."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"y*gripe`</hw> (-gr&imacr;p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Seizure by, or grasp of, the hand; also, close quarters in
fighting.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hand"y*stroke`</hw> (-str&omacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A blow with the hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"y*work`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Handiwork</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hang</hw> (h&abreve;ng), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hanged</u> (h&abreve;ngd) or <u>Hung</u>
(h&ubreve;ng); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Hanging</u>. The
use of <i>hanged</i> is preferable to that of <i>hung</i>, when
reference is had to death or execution by suspension, and it is also
more common.] [OE. <i>hangen</i>, <i>hongien</i>, v. t. &amp; i., AS.
<i>hangian</i>, v. i., fr. <i>h&omacr;n</i>, v. t. (imp. <i>heng</i>,
p. p. <i>hongen</i>); akin to OS. <i>hang&omacr;n</i>, v. i., D.
<i>hangen</i>, v. t. &amp; i., G. <i>hangen</i>, v. i.,
<i>h&auml;ngen</i>, v. t., Icel. <i>hanga</i>, v. i., Goth.
<i>h&amacr;han</i>, v. t. (imp. <i>ha&iacute;hah</i>),
<i>h&amacr;han</i>, v. i. (imp. <i>hahaida</i>), and perh. to L.
<i>cunctari</i> to delay.  &radic;37. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
suspend; to fasten to some elevated point without support from below;
-- often used with <i>up</i> or <i>out</i>; as, to <i>hang</i> a coat
on a hook; to <i>hang</i> up a sign; to <i>hang</i> out a
banner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fasten in a manner which will allow of
free motion upon the point or points of suspension; -- said of a
pendulum, a swing, a door, gate, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fit properly, as at a proper angle (a
part of an implement that is swung in using), as a scythe to its
snath, or an ax to its helve.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put to death by suspending by the neck;
-- a form of capital punishment; as, to <i>hang</i> a
murderer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cover, decorate, or furnish by hanging
pictures, trophies, drapery, and the like, or by covering with paper
hangings; -- said of a wall, a room, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hung</i> be the heavens with black.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>hung</i> thy holy roofs with savage
spoils.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To paste, as paper hangings, on the walls
of a room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To hold or bear in a suspended or inclined
manner or position instead of erect; to droop; as, he <i>hung</i> his
head in shame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cowslips wan that <i>hang</i> the pensive
head.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hang down</b></col>, <cd>to let fall below the proper
position; to bend down; to decline; as, to <i>hang down</i> the head,
or, elliptically, to <i>hang</i> the head.</cd> -- <col><b>To hang
fire</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to be slow in communicating fire
through the vent to the charge; as, the gun <i>hangs fire</i>; hence,
to hesitate, to hold back as if in suspense.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hang</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be suspended or fastened to some elevated point without support from
below; to dangle; to float; to rest; to remain; to stay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be fastened in such a manner as to
allow of free motion on the point or points of suspension.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To die or be put to death by suspension
from the neck.</def> [R.] "Sir Balaam <i>hangs</i>."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hold for support; to depend; to cling;
-- usually with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>; as, this question
<i>hangs</i> on a single point.</def> "Two infants <i>hanging</i> on
her neck."  <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be, or be like, a suspended
weight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Life <i>hangs</i> upon me, and becomes a
burden.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To hover; to impend; to appear
threateningly; -- usually with <i>over</i>; as, evils <i>hang</i>
over the country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To lean or incline; to incline
downward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To decide which way <i>hung</i> the
victory.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His neck obliquely o'er his shoulder
<i>hung</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To slope down; as, <i>hanging</i>
grounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To be undetermined or uncertain; to be in
suspense; to linger; to be delayed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A noble stroke he lifted high,<BR>
Which <i>hung</i> not, but so swift with tempest fell<BR>
On the proud crest of Satan.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hang around</b></col>, <cd>to loiter idly about.</cd> -
- <col><b>To hang back</b></col>, <cd>to hesitate; to falter; to be
reluctant.</cd> "If any one among you <i>hangs back</i>." <i>Jowett
(Thucyd.).</i> -- <col><b>To hang by the eyelids</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To hang by a very slight hold or tenure.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be in an unfinished condition; to be left
incomplete.</cd> -- <col><b>To hang in doubt</b></col>, <cd>to be in
suspense.</cd> -- <col><b>To hang on</b></col><cd> (with the emphasis
on the preposition), to keep hold; to hold fast; to stick; to be
persistent, as a disease.</cd> -- <col><b>To hang on the</b></col>
<col><b>lips, words</b></col>, etc., <cd>to be charmed by
eloquence.</cd> -- <col><b>To hang out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To be hung out so as to be displayed; to project.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be unyielding; as, the juryman <i>hangs
out</i> against an agreement.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To hang
over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To project at the top.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To impend over.</cd> -- <col><b>To hang
to</b></col>, <cd>to cling.</cd> -- <col><b>To hang
together</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To remain united; to
stand by one another.</cd> "We are all of a piece; we <i>hang
together</i>." <i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be self-
consistent; as, the story does not <i>hang together</i>.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>To hang upon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To regard with passionate affection.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>To hover around; as, <i>to hang upon</i> the flanks
of a retreating enemy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
manner in which one part or thing hangs upon, or is connected with,
another; as, the <i>hang</i> of a scythe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Connection; arrangement; plan; as, the
<i>hang</i> of a discourse.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 669 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sharp or steep declivity or slope.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To get the hang of</b></col>, <cd>to learn the method or
arrangement of; hence, to become accustomed to.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hang"bird`</hw> (h&abreve;ng"b&etilde;rd`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Baltimore oriole
(<i>Icterus galbula</i>); -- so called because its nest is suspended
from the limb of a tree. See <u>Baltimore oriole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hang"-by`</hw> (-b&imacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hang-bies</b></plw> (-b&imacr;z`). <def>A dependent; a
hanger-on; -- so called in contempt.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hang"dog`</hw> (-d&obreve;g`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
base, degraded person; a sneak; a gallows bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hang"dog`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Low; sneaking;
ashamed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The poor colonel went out of the room with a
<i>hangdog</i> look.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hang"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who hangs, or causes to be hanged; a
hangman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That by which a thing is suspended.</def>
Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A strap hung to the girdle, by
which a dagger or sword is suspended.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A part that suspends a journal box in which
shafting runs. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Countershaft</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A bridle iron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which hangs or is suspended, as a
sword worn at the side; especially, in the 18th century, a short,
curved sword.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A steep, wooded declivity.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Gilbert White.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hang"er-on`</hw> (-&obreve;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Hangers-on</b></plw> (-&etilde;rz-&obreve;n`).
<def>One who hangs on, or sticks to, a person, place, or service; a
dependent; one who adheres to others' society longer than he is
wanted.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hang"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Requiring, deserving, or foreboding death by the halter.</def>
"What a <i>hanging</i> face!"  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suspended from above; pendent; as,
<i>hanging</i> shelves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Adapted for sustaining a hanging object;
as, the <i>hanging</i> post of a gate, the post which holds the
hinges.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hanging compass</b></col>, <cd>a compass suspended so that
the card may be read from beneath.</cd> -- <col><b>Hanging
garden</b></col>, <cd>a garden sustained at an artificial elevation
by any means, as by the terraces at Babylon.</cd> -- <col><b>Hanging
indentation</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Indentation</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hanging rail</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>that rail of a
door or casement to which hinges are attached.</cd> --
<col><b>Hanging side</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>the overhanging
side of an inclined or hading vein.</cd> -- <col><b>Hanging
sleeves</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Strips of the same stuff
as the gown, hanging down the back from the shoulders.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Loose, flowing sleeves.</cd> --
<col><b>Hanging stile</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>That stile of a door to which hinges are secured.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>That upright of a window frame to which
casements are hinged, or in which the pulleys for sash windows are
fastened.</cd> -- <col><b>Hanging wall</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>,
<cd>the upper wall of inclined vein, or that which hangs over the
miner's head when working in the vein.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hang"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of suspending anything; the state of being
suspended.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Death by suspension; execution by a
halter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is hung as lining or drapery
for the walls of a room, as tapestry, paper, etc., or to cover or
drape a door or window; -- used chiefly in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now purple <i>hangings</i> clothe the palace
walls.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hang"man</hw> (h&abreve;ng"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Hangmen</b></plw>(-m<i>e</i>n). <def>One who hangs
another; esp., one who makes a business of hanging; a public
executioner; -- sometimes used as a term of reproach, without
reference to office.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hang"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
character of a hangman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hang"nail`</hw> (-n&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A
corruption of <i>agnail</i>.] <def>A small piece or sliver of skin
which hangs loose, near the root of a finger nail.</def>
<i>Holloway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hang"nest`</hw> (-n&ebreve;st`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A nest that hangs like a bag or
pocket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bird which builds such a nest; a
hangbird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hank</hw> (h&abreve;nk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>hank</i> handle, Sw. <i>hank</i> a band or tie, Icel. <i>hanki</i>
hasp, clasp, <i>h&ouml;nk</i>, <i>hangr</i>, hank, coil, skein, G.
<i>henkel</i>, <i>henk</i>, handle; all prob. akin to E. <i>hang</i>.
See <u>Hang</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A parcel consisting of two
or more skeins of yarn or thread tied together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rope or withe for fastening a
gate.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hold; influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the devil hath got such a <i>hank</i> over
him.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A ring or eye of rope,
wood, or iron, attached to the edge of a sail and running on a
stay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hank</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [OE.
<i>hanken</i>.] <def>To fasten with a rope, as a gate.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form into hanks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Han"ker</hw> (h&abreve;&nsm;"k&etilde;r), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hankered</u> (-
k&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Hankering</u>.]
[Prob. fr. <i>hang</i>; cf. D. <i>hunkeren</i>, <i>hengelen</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To long (for) with a keen appetite and
uneasiness; to have a vehement desire; -- usually with <i>for</i> or
<i>after</i>; as, to <i>hanker</i> after fruit; to <i>hanker</i>
after the diversions of the town.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>hankering</i> to join his
friend.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To linger in expectation or with
desire.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Han"ker*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
hankering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Han"key-pan"key</hw>
(h&abreve;&nsm;"k&ybreve;*p&abreve;&nsm;"k&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Hocus-pocus</u>.] <def>Professional
cant; the chatter of conjurers to divert attention from their tricks;
hence, jugglery.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Han`o*ve"ri*an</hw>
(h&abreve;n`&osl;*v&emacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to Hanover or its people, or to the House of
Hanover in England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Han`o*ve"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
naturalized inhabitant of Hanover; one of the House of
Hanover.</def></p>

<p><hw>Han"sa</hw> (h&abreve;n"s&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See 2d <u>Hanse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Han"sard</hw> (-s&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
official report of proceedings in the British Parliament; -- so
called from the name of the publishers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Han"sard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A merchant of one of
the Hanse towns. See the Note under 2d <u>Hanse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hanse</hw> (h&abreve;ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>anse</i> handle, <i>anse de panier</i> surbased arch, flat arch,
vault, and E. <i>haunch</i> hip.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>That part of an
elliptical or many-centered arch which has the shorter radius and
immediately adjoins the impost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hanse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>hanse</i>, or F.
<i>hanse</i> (from German), OHG. &amp; Goth. <i>hansa</i>; akin to AS.
<i>h&omacr;s</i> band, troop.] <def>An association; a league or
confederacy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hanse towns</b></col> <i>(Hist.)</i>, <cd>certain
commercial cities in Germany which associated themselves for the
protection and enlarging of their commerce. The confederacy, called
also <i>Hansa</i> and <i>Hanseatic league</i>, held its first diet in
1260, and was maintained for nearly four hundred years. At one time
the league comprised eighty-five cities. Its remnants, L&uuml;beck,
Hamburg, and Bremen, are <i>free cities</i>, and are still frequently
called <i>Hanse towns</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Han`se*at"ic</hw> (h&abreve;n`s&esl;*&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the Hanse towns, or to their
confederacy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hanseatic league</b></col>. <cd>See under 2d
<u>Hanse</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Han"sel</hw> (h&abreve;n"s&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n. &
v.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Handsel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Han"sel*ines</hw> (h&auml;n"s<i>e</i>l*&imacr;nz),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sort of breeches.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Han"som</hw> (h&abreve;n"s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Han"som cab`</hw> (k&abreve;b`). [From the name of the inventor.]
<def>A light, low, two-wheeled covered carriage with the driver's
seat elevated behind, the reins being passed over the top.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hailed a cruising <i>hansom</i> . . . " 'Tis the
gondola of London," said Lothair.</blockquote>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Han't</hw> (h&amacr;nt; <i>in England</i>, h&auml;nt). <def>A
contraction of <i>have not</i>, or <i>has not</i>, used in illiterate
speech. In the United States the commoner spelling is
<i>hain't</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Han"u*man</hw> (h&adot;n"&usdot;*m<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Hoonoomaun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hap</hw> (h&abreve;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>happen</i>.] <def>To clothe; to wrap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The surgeon <i>happed</i> her up
carefully.</blockquote> <i>Dr. J. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Hap</u> to clothe.]
<def>A cloak or plaid.</def> [O. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Hap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>happ</i> unexpected
good luck.  &radic;39.] <def>That which happens or comes suddenly or
unexpectedly; also, the manner of occurrence or taking place; chance;
fortune; accident; casual event; fate; luck; lot.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether art it was or heedless
<i>hap</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cursed be good <i>haps</i>, and cursed be they that
build<BR>
Their hopes on <i>haps</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Loving goes by <i>haps</i>:<BR>
Some Cupid kills with arrows, some with traps.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>happen</i>. See
<u>Hap</u> chance, and cf. <u>Happen</u>.] <def>To happen; to befall;
to chance.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sends word of all that <i>haps</i> in
Tyre.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha'"pen*ny</hw> (h&amacr;"p&ebreve;n*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half-penny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hap"haz`ard</hw> (h&abreve;p"h&abreve;z`&etilde;rd or
h&abreve;p`h&abreve;z"-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hap</i> +
<i>hazard</i>.] <def>Extra hazard; chance; accident;
random.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We take our principles at <i>haphazard</i>, upon
trust.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hap"less</hw> (h&abreve;p"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Without hap or luck; luckless; unfortunate; unlucky; unhappy;
as, <i>hapless</i> youth; <i>hapless</i> maid.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hap"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a hapless,
unlucky manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ha*plo"mi</hw> (h&adot;*pl&omacr;"m&imacr;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"aplo`os</grk> simple +
<grk>'w^mos</grk> shoulder.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
freshwater fishes, including the true pikes, cyprinodonts, and
blindfishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hap`lo*stem"o*nous</hw>
(h&abreve;p`l&osl;*st&ebreve;m"&osl;*n&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"aplo`os</grk> simple +
<grk>sth`mwn</grk> a thread.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having but one
series of stamens, and that equal in number to the proper number of
petals; isostemonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hap"ly</hw> (h&abreve;p"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>By hap, chance, luck, or accident; perhaps; it may be.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest <i>haply</i> ye be found even to fight against
God.</blockquote> <i>Acts v. 39.</i></p>

<p><hw>Happed</hw> (h&abreve;pt), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [From 1st
<u>Hap</u>.] <def>Wrapped; covered; cloaked.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>happed</i> with flowers in the green wood
were.</blockquote> <i>Hogg.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hap"pen</hw> (h&abreve;p"p'n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Happened</u> (-p'nd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Happening</u>.] [OE. <i>happenen</i>,
<i>hapnen</i>. See <u>Hap</u> to happen.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
come by chance; to come without previous expectation; to fall
out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There shall no evil <i>happen</i> to the
just.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take place; to occur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All these things which had
<i>happened</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxiv. 14.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To happen on</b></col>, <cd>to meet with; to fall or light
upon.</cd> "I have <i>happened on</i> some other accounts."
<i>Graunt.</i> -- <col><b>To happen in</b></col>, <cd>to make a
casual call.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hap"pi*ly</hw> (h&abreve;p"p&ibreve;*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Happy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>By chance; peradventure; haply.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By good fortune; fortunately;
luckily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Preferred by conquest, <i>happily</i>
o'erthrown.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a happy manner or state; in happy
circumstances; as, he lived <i>happily</i> with his wife.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>With address or dexterity; gracefully;
felicitously; in a manner to insure success; with success.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Formed by thy converse, <i>happily</i> to steer<BR>
From grave to gay, from lively to severe.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fortunately; luckily; successfully; prosperously;
contentedly; dexterously; felicitously.</p>

<p><hw>Hap"pi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Happy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Good luck; good fortune;
prosperity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>happiness</i> bechance to thee in
Milan!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An agreeable feeling or condition of the
soul arising from good fortune or propitious happening of any kind;
the possession of those circumstances or that state of being which is
attended with enjoyment; the state of being happy; contentment;
joyful satisfaction; felicity; blessedness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fortuitous elegance; unstudied grace; --
used especially of language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some beauties yet no precepts can declare,<BR>
For there's a <i>happiness</i>, as well as care.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Happiness</u>, <u>Felicity</u>,
<u>Blessedness</u>, <u>Bliss</u>.  <i>Happiness</i> is generic, and
is applied to almost every kind of enjoyment except that of the
animal appetites; <i>felicity</i> is a more formal word, and is used
more sparingly in the same general sense, but with elevated
associations; <i>blessedness</i> is applied to the most refined
enjoyment arising from the purest social, benevolent, and religious
affections; <i>bliss</i> denotes still more exalted delight, and is
applied more appropriately to the joy anticipated in heaven.</p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>happiness</i>! our being's end and
aim!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Others in virtue place <i>felicity</i>,<BR>
But virtue joined with riches and long life;<BR>
In corporal pleasures he, and careless ease.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His overthrow heaped <i>happiness</i> upon him;<BR>
For then, and not till then, he felt himself,<BR>
And found the <i>blessedness</i> of being little.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hap"py</hw> (h&abreve;p"p&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Happier</u> (-p&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Happiest</u>.] [From <u>Hap</u> chance.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Favored by hap, luck, or fortune; lucky;
fortunate; successful; prosperous; satisfying desire; as, a
<i>happy</i> expedient; a <i>happy</i> effort; a <i>happy</i>
venture; a <i>happy</i> omen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chymists have been more <i>happy</i> in finding
experiments than the causes of them.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Experiencing the effect of favorable
fortune; having the feeling arising from the consciousness of well-
being or of enjoyment; enjoying good of any kind, as peace,
tranquillity, comfort; contented; joyous; as, <i>happy</i> hours,
<i>happy</i> thoughts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Happy</i> is that people, whose God is the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxliv. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The learned is <i>happy</i> Nature to explore,<BR>
The fool is <i>happy</i> that he knows no more.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dexterous; ready; apt;
felicitous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One gentleman is <i>happy</i> at a reply, another
excels in a rejoinder.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Happy family</b></col>, <cd>a collection of animals of
different and hostile propensities living peaceably together in one
cage. Used ironically of conventional alliances of persons who are in
fact mutually repugnant.</cd> -- <col><b>Happy-go-lucky</b></col>,
<cd>trusting to hap or luck; improvident; easy-going.</cd> "<i>Happy-
go-lucky</i> carelessness."  <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ha*pu"ku</hw> (h&adot;*p&oomac;"k&oomac;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large and valuable
food fish (<i>Polyprion prognathus</i>) of New Zealand. It sometimes
weighs one hundred pounds or more.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haque"but</hw> (h&abreve;k"b&ubreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Hagbut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"ra-ki`ri</hw> (h&add;"r&add;*k&emacr;`r&ibreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap., stomach cutting.] <def>Suicide, by
slashing the abdomen, formerly practiced in Japan, and commanded by
the government in the cases of disgraced officials; disembowelment; -
- also written, but incorrectly, <i>hari-kari</i>.</def>  <i>W. E.
Griffis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha*rangue"</hw> (h&adot;*r&abreve;ng"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>harangue</i>: cf. Sp. <i>arenga</i>, It. <i>aringa</i>; lit.,
a speech before a multitude or on the hustings, It. <i>aringo</i>
arena, hustings, pulpit; all fr. OHG. <i>hring</i> ring, anything
round, ring of people, G. <i>ring</i>. See <u>Ring</u>.] <def>A
speech addressed to a large public assembly; a popular oration; a
loud address to a multitude; in a bad sense, a noisy or pompous
speech; declamation; ranting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gray-headed men and grave, with warriors mixed,<BR>
Assemble, and <i>harangues</i> are heard.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Harangue</u>, <u>Speech</u>, <u>Oration</u>.
<i>Speech</i> is generic; an <i>oration</i> is an elaborate and
rhetorical speech; an <i>harangue</i> is a vehement appeal to the
passions, or a noisy, disputatious address. A general makes an
<i>harangue</i> to his troops on the eve of a battle; a demagogue
<i>harangues</i> the populace on the subject of their wrongs.</p>

<p><hw>Ha*rangue"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Harangued</u> (h&adot;*r&abreve;ngd"); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Haranguing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>haranguer</i>, It.
<i>aringare</i>.] <def>To make an harangue; to declaim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha*rangue"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To address by an
harangue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha*rangue"ful</hw> (-f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Full of harangue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha*rang"uer</hw> (h&adot;*r&abreve;ng"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who harangues, or is fond of
haranguing; a declaimer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With them join'd all th' <i>haranguers</i> of the
throng,<BR>
That thought to get preferment by the tongue.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"ass</hw> (h&abreve;r"<i>a</i>s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Harassed</u> (-<i>a</i>st);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Harassing</u>.] [F.
<i>harasser</i>; cf. OF. <i>harace</i> a basket made of cords,
<i>harace</i>, <i>harasse</i>,a very heavy and large shield; or
<i>harer</i> to set (a dog) on.] <def>To fatigue; to tire with
repeated and exhausting efforts; esp., to weary by importunity,
teasing, or fretting; to cause to endure excessive burdens or
anxieties; -- sometimes followed by <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Troops] <i>harassed</i> with a long and wearisome
march.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature oppressed and <i>harass'd</i> out with
care.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Vext with lawyers and <i>harass'd</i> with
debt.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To weary; jade; tire; perplex; distress; tease;
worry; disquiet; chafe; gall; annoy; irritate; plague; vex; molest;
trouble; disturb; torment.</p>

<p><hw>Har"ass</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Devastation; waste.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worry; harassment.</def> [R.]
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"ass*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who harasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"ass*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of harassing, or state of being harassed; worry;
annoyance; anxiety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Little <i>harassments</i> which I am led to suspect do
occasionally molest the most fortunate.</blockquote> <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"ber*ous</hw> (h&add;r"b&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Harborous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A bishop must be faultless, the husband of one wife,
honestly appareled, <i>harberous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale (1 Tim.
iii. 2).</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"bin*ger</hw> (-b&ibreve;n*j&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>herbergeour</i>, OF. <i>herbergeor</i>
one who provides lodging, fr. <i>herbergier</i> to provide lodging,
F. <i>h&eacute;berger</i>, OF. <i>herberge</i> lodging, inn, F.
<i>auberge</i>; of German origin. See <u>Harbor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who provides lodgings; especially, the
officer of the English royal household who formerly preceded the
court when traveling, to provide and prepare lodgings.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A forerunner; a precursor; a
messenger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I knew by these <i>harbingers</i> who were
coming.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"bin*ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Harbingered</u> (-j&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Harbingering</u>.] <def>To usher in; to be a
harbinger of.</def> "Thus did the star of religious freedom
<i>harbinger</i> the day."  <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"bor</hw> (-b&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>harbour</i>.] [OE. <i>herbor</i>, <i>herberwe</i>,
<i>herberge</i>, Icel. <i>herbergi</i> (cf. OHG. <i>heriberga</i>),
orig., a shelter for soldiers; <i>herr</i> army + <i>bjarga</i> to
save, help, defend; akin to AS. <i>here</i> army, G. <i>heer</i>,
OHG. <i>heri</i>, Goth. <i>harjis</i>, and AS. <i>beorgan</i> to
save, shelter, defend, G. <i>bergen</i>. See <u>Harry</u>, <u>2d
Bury</u>, and cf. <u>Harbinger</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
station for rest and entertainment; a place of security and comfort;
a refuge; a shelter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[A grove] fair <i>harbour</i> that them
seems.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>harbor</i> at a thousand doors they
knocked.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specif.: A lodging place; an inn.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The mansion of a heavenly
body.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A portion of a sea, a lake, or other large
body of water, either landlocked or artificially protected so as to
be a place of safety for vessels in stormy weather; a port or
haven.</def></p>

<p><! p. 670 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Glass Works)</i> <def>A mixing box for
materials.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Harbor dues</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>fees paid for
the use of a harbor.</cd> -- <col><b>Harbor seal</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common seal.</cd> -- <col><b>Harbor
watch</b></col>, <cd>a watch set when a vessel is in port; an anchor
watch.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Har"bor</hw> (h&auml;r"b&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Written also <i>harbour</i>.] [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Harbored</u> (-b&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Harboring</u>.] [OE. <i>herberen</i>, <i>herberwen</i>,
<i>herbergen</i>; cf. Icel. <i>herbergja</i>. See <u>Harbor</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To afford lodging to; to entertain as a
guest; to shelter; to receive; to give a refuge to; to indulge or
cherish (a thought or feeling, esp. an ill thought).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any place that <i>harbors</i> men.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bare suspicion made it treason to <i>harbor</i>
the person suspected.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not your gentle breast <i>harbor</i> one thought
of outrage.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"bor</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lodge, or abide
for a time; to take shelter, as in a harbor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For this night let's <i>harbor</i> here in
York.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"bor*age</hw> (-&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Shelter;
entertainment.</def>[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where can I get me <i>harborage</i> for the
night?</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"bor*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, harbors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Geneva was . . . a <i>harborer</i> of exiles for
religion.</blockquote> <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"bor*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a harbor;
shelterless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"bor mas`ter</hw> (m&adot;s`t&etilde;r). <def>An officer
charged with the duty of executing the regulations respecting the use
of a harbor.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Har"bor*ough</hw> (-&osl;), <hw>Har"brough</hw> (-br&osl;),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Harbor</u>.] <def>A shelter.</def>
[Obs.].  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"bor*ous</hw> (-b&etilde;r*&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hospitable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hard</hw> (h&auml;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Harder</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Hardest</u>.] [OE. <i>hard</i>,
<i>heard</i>, AS. <i>heard</i>; akin to OS. &amp; D. <i>hard</i>, G.
<i>hart</i>, OHG. <i>herti</i>, <i>harti</i>, Icel. <i>har&eth;r</i>,
Dan. <i>haard</i>, Sw. <i>h&aring;rd</i>, Goth. <i>hardus</i>, Gr.
<grk>kraty`s</grk> strong, <grk>ka`rtos</grk>, <grk>kra`tos</grk>,
strength, and also to E. <i>-ard</i>, as in <i>coward</i>,
<i>drunkard</i>, <i>-crat</i>, <i>-cracy</i> in auto<i>crat</i>,
demo<i>cracy</i>; cf. Skr. <i>kratu</i> strength, <i>k&rsdot;</i> to
do, make.  Cf. <u>Hardy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not easily
penetrated, cut, or separated into parts; not yielding to pressure;
firm; solid; compact; -- applied to material bodies, and opposed to
<i>soft</i>; as, <i>hard</i> wood; <i>hard</i> flesh; a <i>hard</i>
apple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Difficult, mentally or judicially; not
easily apprehended, decided, or resolved; as a <i>hard</i>
problem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hard</i> causes they brought unto
Moses.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xviii. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In which are some things <i>hard</i> to be
understood.</blockquote> <i>2 Peter iii. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Difficult to accomplish; full of
obstacles; laborious; fatiguing; arduous; as, a <i>hard</i> task; a
disease <i>hard</i> to cure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Difficult to resist or control;
powerful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stag was too <i>hard</i> for the
horse.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> A power which will be always too <i>hard</i> for
them.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Difficult to bear or endure; not easy to
put up with or consent to; hence, severe; rigorous; oppressive;
distressing; unjust; grasping; as, a <i>hard</i> lot; <i>hard</i>
times; <i>hard</i> fare; a <i>hard</i> winter; <i>hard</i> conditions
or terms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I never could drive a <i>hard</i>
bargain.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Difficult to please or influence; stern;
unyielding; obdurate; unsympathetic; unfeeling; cruel; as, a
<i>hard</i> master; a <i>hard</i> heart; <i>hard</i> words; a
<i>hard</i> character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Not easy or agreeable to the taste; harsh;
stiff; rigid; ungraceful; repelling; as, a <i>hard</i>
style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Figures <i>harder</i> than even the marble
itself.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Rough; acid; sour, as liquors; as,
<i>hard</i> cider.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Pron.)</i> <def>Abrupt or explosive in
utterance; not aspirated, sibilated, or pronounced with a gradual
change of the organs from one position to another; -- said of certain
consonants, as <i>c</i> in <i>came</i>, and <i>g</i> in <i>go</i>, as
distinguished from the same letters in <i>center</i>, <i>general</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Wanting softness or smoothness of
utterance; harsh; as, a <i>hard</i> tone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Painting)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Rigid in the drawing or distribution of the figures; formal;
lacking grace of composition.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having
disagreeable and abrupt contrasts in the coloring or light and
shade.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hard cancer</b></col>, <col><b>Hard case</b></col>, etc.
<cd>See under <u>Cancer</u>, <u>Case</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard
clam</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Hard-shelled clam</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the quahog.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard
coal</b></col>, <cd>anthracite, as distinguished from bituminous or
<i>soft</i> coal.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard and fast</b></col>.
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Fast</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard
finish</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a smooth finishing coat of hard
fine plaster applied to the surface of rough plastering.</cd> --
<col><b>Hard lines</b></col>, <cd>hardship; difficult
conditions.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard money</b></col>, <cd>coin or specie,
as distinguished from paper money.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard
oyster</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the northern native
oyster.</cd> [Local, U. S.] -- <col><b>Hard pan</b></col>, <cd>the
hard stratum of earth lying beneath the soil; hence, figuratively,
the firm, substantial, fundamental part or quality of anything; as,
the <i>hard pan</i> of character, of a matter in dispute, etc. See
<u>Pan</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard rubber</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Rubber</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard solder</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Solder</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard water</b></col>, <cd>water, which
contains lime or some mineral substance rendering it unfit for
washing. See <u>Hardness</u>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard wood</b></col>,
<cd>wood of a solid or hard texture; as walnut, oak, ash, box, and
the like, in distinction from pine, poplar, hemlock, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>In hard condition</b></col>, <cd>in excellent condition for
racing; having firm muscles; -- said of race horses.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Solid; arduous; powerful; trying; unyielding;
stubborn; stern; flinty; unfeeling; harsh; difficult; severe;
obdurate; rigid. See <u>Solid</u>, and <u>Arduous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hard</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>harde</i>, AS.
<i>hearde</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With pressure; with urgency;
hence, diligently; earnestly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And prayed so <i>hard</i> for mercy from the
prince.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My father<BR>
Is <i>hard</i> at study; pray now, rest yourself.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With difficulty; as, the vehicle moves
<i>hard</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Uneasily; vexatiously; slowly.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>So as to raise difficulties.</def> "The
question is <i>hard</i> set."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>With tension or strain of the powers;
violently; with force; tempestuously; vehemently; vigorously;
energetically; as, to press, to blow, to rain <i>hard</i>; hence,
rapidly; nimbly; as, to run <i>hard</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Close or near.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose house joined <i>hard</i> to the
synagogue.</blockquote> <i>Acts xviii. 7.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hard by</b></col>, <col><b>near by</b></col><cd>; close at
hand; not far off.</cd> "<i>Hard by</i> a cottage chimney smokes."
<i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>Hard pushed</b></col>, <col><b>Hard
run</b></col>, <cd>greatly pressed; as, he was <i>hard pushed</i> or
<i>hard run</i> for time, money, etc.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Hard
up</b></col>, <cd>closely pressed by want or necessity; without money
or resources; as, <i>hard up</i> for amusements.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p>&fist;  <i>Hard</i> in nautical language is often joined to words
of command to the helmsman, denoting that the order should be carried
out with the utmost energy, or that the helm should be put, in the
direction indicated, to the extreme limit, as, <i>Hard aport</i>!
<i>Hard astarboard</i>! <i>Hard alee</i>! <i>Hard aweather</i>!
<i>Hard up</i>!<BR>
   <i>Hard</i> is also often used in composition with a participle;
as, <i>hard</i>-baked; <i>hard</i>-earned; <i>hard</i>-featured;
<i>hard</i>-working; <i>hard</i>-won.</p>

<p><hw>Hard</hw> (h&auml;rd), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To harden;
to make hard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ford or passage across
a river or swamp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"bake`</hw> (-b&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sweetmeat of boiled brown sugar or molasses made with almonds, and
flavored with orange or lemon juice, etc.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hard"beam`</hw> (-b&emacr;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree of the genus <i>Carpinus</i>, of compact,
horny texture; hornbeam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"en</hw> (h&auml;rd"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hardened</u> (-'nd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Hardening</u> (-'n*&ibreve;ng).] [OE.
<i>hardnen</i>, <i>hardenen</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
hard or harder; to make firm or compact; to indurate; as, to
<i>harden</i> clay or iron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To accustom by labor or suffering to
endure with constancy; to strengthen; to stiffen; to inure; also, to
confirm in wickedness or shame; to make unimpressionable.</def>
"<i>Harden</i> not your heart."  <i>Ps. xcv. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I would <i>harden</i> myself in sorrow.</blockquote>
<i>Job vi. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hard"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become hard or harder; to acquire solidity, or more
compactness; as, mortar <i>hardens</i> by drying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The deliberate judgment of those who knew him [A.
Lincoln] has <i>hardened</i> into tradition.</blockquote> <i>The
Century.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become confirmed or strengthened, in
either a good or a bad sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They, <i>hardened</i> more by what might most
reclaim.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hard"ened</hw> (-'nd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made hard, or
harder, or compact; made unfeeling or callous; made obstinate or
obdurate; confirmed in error or vice.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impenetrable; hard; obdurate; callous; unfeeling;
unsusceptible; insensible. See <u>Obdurate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hard"en*er</hw> (-'n*&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, hardens; specif., one who tempers
tools.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Making hard or harder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which hardens, as a material used for
converting the surface of iron into steel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"der</hw> (h&auml;r"d&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South African mullet, salted for
food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har*de"ri*an</hw> (h&auml;r*d&emacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A term applied to a
lachrymal gland on the inner side of the orbit of many animals which
have a third eyelid, or nictitating membrane. See <i>Nictitating
membrane</i>, under <u>Nictitate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"-fa`vored</hw> (h&auml;rd"f&amacr;`v&etilde;rd),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hard-featured; ill-looking; as, Vulcan was
<i>hard-favored</i>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hard"-fa`vored*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Coarseness
of features.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"-fea`tured</hw> (-f&emacr;`t&usl;rd; 135),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having coarse, unattractive or stern
features.</def>  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hard"fern`</hw> (-f&etilde;rn`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of fern (<i>Lomaria borealis</i>),
growing in Europe and Northwestern America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"-fist`ed</hw> (-f&ibreve;st`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having hard or strong
hands; as, a <i>hard-fisted</i> laborer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Close-fisted; covetous; niggardly.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hard"-fought`</hw> (-f&add;t`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Vigorously contested; as, a <i>hard-fought</i> battle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard" grass`</hw> (gr&adot;s`). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name
given to several different grasses, especially to the
<i>Roltb&ouml;llia incurvata</i>, and to the species of
<i>&AElig;gilops</i>, from one of which it is contended that wheat
has been derived.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"hack`</hw> (-h&abreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A very astringent shrub (<i>Spir&aelig;a
tomentosa</i>), common in pastures. The <i>Potentilla fruticosa</i>
is also called by this name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"-hand`ed</hw> (-h&abreve;nd`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having hard hands, as a manual
laborer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hard-handed</i> men that work in Athens
here.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hard"head`</hw> (-h&ebreve;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Clash or collision of heads in contest.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The menhaden. See <u>Menhaden</u>.</def> [Local, U. S.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Block's gurnard (<i>Trigla gurnardus</i>) of
Europe.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A California salmon; the
steelhead.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The gray whale.</def> See
<i>Gray whale</i>, under <u>Gray</u>. <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A
coarse American commercial sponge (<i>Spongia dura</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"-head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having sound
judgment; sagacious; shrewd.</def> -- <wf>Hard"-head`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hard"-heart`ed</hw> (-h&auml;rt`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unsympathetic; inexorable; cruel;
pitiless.</def> -- <wf>Hard"-heart`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Har"di*head</hw> (h&auml;r"d&ibreve;*h&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hardihood.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Har"di*hood</hw> (-h&oocr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hardy</i> + <i>-hood</i>.] <def>Boldness, united with firmness
and constancy of mind; bravery; intrepidity; also, audaciousness;
impudence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bound of graceful <i>hardihood</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the society of numbers which gives
<i>hardihood</i> to iniquity.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Intrepidity; courage; pluck; resolution; stoutness;
audacity; effrontery; impudence.</p>

<p><hw>Har"di*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Same as <u>Hardly</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Boldly; stoutly; resolutely.</def>
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"di*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>hardement</i>. See <u>Hardy</u>.] <def>Hardihood; boldness;
courage; energetic action.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Changing <i>hardiment</i> with great
Glendower.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"di*ness</hw> (-d&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capability of endurance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hardihood; boldness; firmness;
assurance.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Plenty and peace breeds cowards; Hardness ever<BR>
Of <i>hardiness</i> is mother.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They who were not yet grown to the <i>hardiness</i> of
avowing the contempt of the king.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hardship; fatigue.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hard"ish</hw> (h&auml;rd"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Somewhat hard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"-la`bored</hw> (h&auml;rd"l&amacr;`b&etilde;rd),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wrought with severe labor; elaborate;
studied.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hard"ly</hw> (h&auml;rd"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>heardlice</i>. See <u>Hard</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a hard or difficult manner; with
difficulty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Recovering <i>hardly</i> what he lost
before.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unwillingly; grudgingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The House of Peers gave so <i>hardly</i> their
consent.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Scarcely; barely; not quite; not
wholly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hardly</i> shall you find any one so bad, but he
desires the credit of being thought good.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Severely; harshly; roughly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has in many things been <i>hardly</i>
used.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Confidently; hardily.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Certainly; surely; indeed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hard"-mouthed`</hw> (-mou&thlig;d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Not sensible to the bit; not easily governed; as, a <i>hard-
mouthed</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>heardness</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being hard, literally
or figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The habit of authority also had given his manners some
peremptory <i>hardness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The cohesion of the
particles on the surface of a body, determined by its capacity to
scratch another, or be itself scratched; -- measured among minerals
on a scale of which diamond and talc form the extremes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The peculiar quality
exhibited by water which has mineral salts dissolved in it. Such
water forms an insoluble compound with soap, and is hence unfit for
washing purposes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This quality is caused by the presence of calcium
carbonate, causing <i>temporary hardness</i> which can be removed by
boiling, or by calcium sulphate, causing <i>permanent hardness</i>
which can not be so removed, but may be improved by the addition of
sodium carbonate.</p>

<p><hw>Har"dock</hw> (h&auml;r"d&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.] <def>See <u>Hordock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"pan`</hw> (h&auml;rd"p&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The hard substratum. Same as <i>Hard pan</i>, under <u>Hard</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Hards</hw> (h&auml;rdz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>herdes</i>, AS. <i>heordan</i>; akin to G. <i>hede</i>.] <def>The
refuse or coarse part of fiax; tow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"-shell`</hw> (h&auml;rd"sh&ebreve;l`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unyielding; insensible to argument;
uncompromising; strict.</def> [Colloq., U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hard"ship</hw> (h&auml;rd"sh&ibreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>That which is hard to bear, as toil, privation, injury,
injustice, etc.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hard"spun`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Firmly twisted in
spinning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"-tack`</hw> (-t&abreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
name given by soldiers and sailors to a kind of hard biscuit or sea
bread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"tail`</hw> (-t&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Jurel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"-vis`aged</hw> (-v&ibreve;z`&asl;jd; 48),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a harsh or stern countenance; hard-
featured.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hard"ware`</hw> (-w&acirc;r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ware
made of metal, as cutlery, kitchen utensils, and the like;
ironmongery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard"ware`man</hw> (-m&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Hardwaremen</b></plw> (-m&ebreve;n). <def>One who
makes, or deals in, hardware.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"dy</hw> (h&auml;r"d&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Hardier</u> (-d&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Hardiest</u>.] [F. <i>hardi</i>, p. p.
fr. OF. <i>hardir</i> to make bold; of German origin, cf. OHG.
<i>hertan</i> to harden, G. <i>h&auml;rten</i>. See <u>Hard</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bold; brave; stout;
daring; resolute; intrepid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hap helpeth <i>hardy</i> man alway.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Confident; full of assurance; in a bad
sense, morally hardened; shameless.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Strong; firm; compact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[A] blast may shake in pieces his <i>hardy</i>
fabric.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Inured to fatigue or hardships; strong;
capable of endurance; as, a <i>hardy</i> veteran; a <i>hardy</i>
mariner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Able to withstand the cold of
winter.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Plants which are <i>hardy</i> in Virginia may perish in New
England. <i>Half-hardy</i> plants are those which are able to
withstand mild winters or moderate frosts.</p>

<p><hw>Har"dy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blacksmith's fuller
or chisel, having a square shank for insertion into a square hole in
an anvil, called the <i>hardy hole</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hare</hw> (h&acirc;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Harry</u>, <u>Harass</u>.] <def>To excite; to tease, harass, or
worry; to harry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hara</i>; akin to D.
<i>haas</i>, G. <i>hase</i>, OHG. <i>haso</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>hare</i>, Icel. <i>h&emacr;ri</i>, Skr. <i>&ccedil;a&ccedil;a</i>.
&radic;226.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rodent of the genus
<i>Lepus</i>, having long hind legs, a short tail, and a divided
upper lip. It is a timid animal, moves swiftly by leaps, and is
remarkable for its fecundity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The species of hares are numerous. The common European hare
is <i>Lepus timidus</i>. The northern or varying hare of America
(<i>L. Americanus</i>), and the prairie hare (<i>L. campestris</i>),
turn white in winter. In America, the various species of hares are
commonly called <i>rabbits</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A small constellation
situated south of and under the foot of Orion; Lepus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hare and hounds</b></col>, <cd>a game played by men and
boys, two, called <i>hares</i>, having a few minutes' start, and
scattering bits of paper to indicate their course, being chased by
the others, called the <i>hounds</i>, through a wide circuit.</cd> --
<col><b>Hare kangaroo</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
Australian kangaroo (<i>Lagorchestes Leporoides</i>), resembling the
hare in size and color,</cd> -- <col><b>Hare's lettuce</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus <i>Sonchus</i>, or sow
thistle; -- so called because hares are said to eat it when fainting
with heat.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Jumping hare</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Jumping</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Little chief hare</b></col>, or <col><b>Crying
hare</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Chief hare</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Sea hare</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Aplysia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hare"bell`</hw> (h&acirc;r"b&ebreve;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small, slender, branching plant (<i>Campanula
rotundifolia</i>), having blue bell-shaped flowers; also, <i>Scilla
nutans</i>, which has similar flowers; -- called also
<i>bluebell</i>.</def> [Written also <i>hairbell</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>E'en the light <i>harebell</i> raised its
head.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><! p. 671 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>Hare"brained`</hw> (h&acirc;r"br&amacr;nd`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wild; giddy; volatile; heedless.</def> "A
mad <i>hare-brained</i> fellow." <i>North (Plutarch).</i> [Written
also <i>hairbrained</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hare"foot`</hw> (-f&oocr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A long, narrow foot,
carried (that is, produced or extending) forward; -- said of
dogs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree (<i>Ochroma
Lagopus</i>) of the West Indies, having the stamens united somewhat
in the form of a hare's foot.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Harefoot clover</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of
clover (<i>Trifolium arvense</i>) with soft and silky heads.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hare"-heart`ed</hw> (-h&auml;rt`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Timorous; timid; easily frightened.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hare"hound`</hw> (-hound`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Harrier</u>.</def>  <i>A. Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"eld</hw> (h&abreve;r"&ebreve;ld), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The long-tailed duck.</def> See <u>Old
Squaw</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hare"lip`</hw> (h&acirc;r"l&ibreve;p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A lip, commonly the upper one, having a fissure of perpendicular
division like that of a hare.</def> -- <wf>Hare"lipped`</wf> (-
l&ibreve;pt`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ha"rem</hw> (h&amacr;"r&ebreve;m; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Ar. <i>haram</i>, orig., anything forbidden or
sacred, fr. <i>harama</i> to forbid, prohibit.] [Written also
<i>haram</i> and <i>hareem</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
apartments or portion of the house allotted to females in Mohammedan
families.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The family of wives and concubines
belonging to one man, in Mohammedan countries; a seraglio.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha*ren"gi*form</hw> (h&adot;*r&ebreve;n"j&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>hareng</i> herring (LL. <i>harengus</i>)
+ <i>-form</i>.] <def>Herring-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hare's"-ear`</hw> (h&acirc;rz"&emacr;r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An umbelliferous plant (<i>Bupleurum
rotundifolium</i>); -- so named from the shape of its leaves.</def>
<i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hare's"-foot` fern`</hw> (-f&oocr;t` f&etilde;rn`).
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of fern (<i>Davallia Canariensis</i>)
with a soft, gray, hairy rootstock; -- whence the name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hare's"-tail`</hw> (-t&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of grass (<i>Eriophorum vaginatum</i>). See
<i>Cotton grass</i>, under <u>Cotton</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hare's-tail grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species
of grass (<i>Lagurus ovatus</i>) whose head resembles a hare's
tail.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Har"fang</hw> (h&auml;r"f&abreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Hare</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Fang</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The snowy owl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha`ri*a"li grass`</hw> (h&auml;`r&ibreve;*&auml;"l&ibreve;
gr&adot;s`). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The East Indian name of the
<i>Cynodon Dactylon</i>; dog's-grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"i*cot</hw> (h&abreve;r"&esl;*k&osl;; F.
&adot;`r&esl;`k&osl;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A ragout or stew of meat with beans and other
vegetables.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The ripe seeds, or the unripe pod, of the
common string bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>), used as a vegetable.
Other species of the same genus furnish different kinds of
haricots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"i*er</hw> (h&abreve;r"&ibreve;*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Harrier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"ri*ka`ri</hw> (h&auml;"r&ibreve;*k&auml;`r&ibreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Hara-kiri</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har`i*o*la"tion</hw>
(h&abreve;r`&ibreve;*&osl;*l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ariolation</u>.] <def>Prognostication;
soothsaying.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"ish</hw> (h&acirc;r"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like a hare.</def> [R.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hark</hw> (h&auml;rk), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>herken</i>. See <u>Hearken</u>.] <def>To listen; to hearken.</def>
[Now rare, except in the imperative form used as an interjection,
Hark! listen.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hark away!</b></col> <col><b>Hark back!</b></col>
<col><b>Hark forward!</b></col> <i>(Sporting)</i>, <cd>cries used to
incite and guide hounds in hunting.</cd> -- <col><b>To hark
back</b></col>, <cd>to go back for a fresh start, as when one has
wandered from his direct course, or made a digression.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He must have overshot the mark, and must <i>hark
back</i>. </blockquote><i>Haggard</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>harked back</i> to the subject.</blockquote>
<i>W. E. Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hark"en</hw> (-'n), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
hearken.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Harl</hw> (h&auml;rl), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OHG.
<i>harluf</i> noose, rope; E. <i>hards</i> refuse of flax.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A filamentous substance; especially, the
filaments of flax or hemp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A barb, or barbs, of a fine large feather,
as of a peacock or ostrich, -- used in dressing artificial
flies.</def> [Written also <i>herl</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Harle</hw> (h&auml;rl), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The red-breasted merganser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"lech group`</hw> (h&auml;r"l&ebreve;k gr&oomac;p`). [So
called from <i>Harlech</i> in Wales.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A minor
subdivision at the base of the Cambrian system in Wales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"le*quin</hw> (h&auml;r"l&esl;*k&ibreve;n or -kw&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>arlequin</i>, formerly written also
<i>harlequin</i> (cf. It, <i>arlecchino</i>), prob. fr. OF.
<i>hierlekin</i>, <i>hellequin</i>, goblin, elf, which is prob. of
German or Dutch origin; cf. D. <i>hel</i> hell.  Cf. <u>Hell</u>,
<u>Kin</u>.] <def>A buffoon, dressed in party-colored clothes, who
plays tricks, often without speaking, to divert the bystanders or an
audience; a merry-andrew; originally, a droll rogue of Italian
comedy.</def>  <i>Percy Smith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As dumb <i>harlequin</i> is exhibited in our
theaters.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Harlequin bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Indian
bat (<i>Scotophilus ornatus</i>), curiously variegated with white
spots.</cd> -- <col><b>Harlequin beetle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very large South American beetle
(<i>Acrocinus longimanus</i>) having very long legs and
antenn&aelig;. The elytra are curiously marked with red, black, and
gray.</cd> -- <col><b>Harlequin cabbage bug</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Calicoback</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Harlequin caterpillar</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
larva of an American bombycid moth <i>(Euch&aelig;tes egle)</i> which
is covered with black, white, yellow, and orange tufts of hair.</cd>
-- <col><b>Harlequin duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a North
American duck (<i>Histrionicus histrionicus</i>). The male is dark
ash, curiously streaked with white.</cd> -- <col><b>Harlequin
moth</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Magpie Moth</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Harlequin opal</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Opal</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Harlequin snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small,
poisonous snake (<i>Elaps fulvius</i>), ringed with red and black,
found in the Southern United States.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Har"le*quin</hw> (h&auml;r"l&esl;*k&ibreve;n or -kw&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the droll; to make sport by
playing ludicrous tricks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"le*quin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To remove or
conjure away, as by a harlequin's trick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And kitten, if the humor hit<BR>
Has <i>harlequined</i> away the fit.</blockquote> <i>M.
Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"le*quin*ade`</hw> (-&amacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>arlequinade</i>.] <def>A play or part of a play in which the
harlequin is conspicuous; the part of a harlequin.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"lock</hw> (h&auml;r"l&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Probably a corruption either of <i>charlock</i> or
<i>hardock</i>.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"lot</hw> (-l&obreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>harlot</i>, <i>herlot</i>, a vagabond, OF. <i>harlot</i>,
<i>herlot</i>, <i>arlot</i>; cf. Pr. <i>arlot</i>, Sp. <i>arlote</i>,
It. <i>arlotto</i>; of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
churl; a common man; a person, male or female, of low birth.</def>
<i>[Obs.]</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a gentle <i>harlot</i> and a kind.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person given to low conduct; a rogue; a
cheat; a rascal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A woman who prostitutes her body for hire;
a prostitute; a common woman; a strumpet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"lot</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanton; lewd; low;
base.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"lot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the harlot;
to practice lewdness.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"lot*ize</hw> (-&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
harlot.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"lot*ry</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ribaldry; buffoonery; a ribald story.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The trade or practice of prostitution;
habitual or customary lewdness.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything meretricious; as, <i>harlotry</i>
in art.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A harlot; a strumpet; a baggage.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He sups to-night with a <i>harlotry</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Harm</hw> (h&auml;rm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>harm</i>,
<i>hearm</i>, AS. <i>hearm</i>; akin to OS. <i>harm</i>, G.
<i>harm</i> grief, Icel. <i>harmr</i>, Dan. <i>harme</i>, Sw.
<i>harm</i>; cf. OSlav. &amp; Russ. <i>sram'</i> shame, Skr.
<i>&ccedil;rama</i> toil, fatigue.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Injury;
hurt; damage; detriment; misfortune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which causes injury, damage, or
loss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We, ignorant of ourselves,<BR>
Beg often our own <i>harms</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mischief; evil; loss; injury. See
<u>Mischief</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Harm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Harmed</u> (h&auml;rmd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Harming</u>.] [OE. <i>harmen</i>, AS.
<i>hearmian</i>. See <u>Harm</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To hurt;
to injure; to damage; to wrong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though yet he never <i>harmed</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No ground of enmity between us known<BR>
Why he should mean me ill or seek to <i>harm</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"ma*line</hw> (h&auml;r"m&adot;*l&ibreve;n or -l&emacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>harmaline</i> See <u>Harmel</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid found in the plant <i>Peganum
harmala</i>. It forms bitter, yellow salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har*mat"tan</hw> (h&auml;r*m&abreve;t"t<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>harmattan</i>, prob. of Arabic origin.]
<def>A dry, hot wind, prevailing on the Atlantic coast of Africa, in
December, January, and February, blowing from the interior or Sahara.
It is usually accompanied by a haze which obscures the sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"mel</hw> (h&auml;r"m&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>harmal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of rue (<i>Ruta
sylvestris</i>) growing in India. At Lahore the seeds are used
medicinally and for fumigation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Harm"ful</hw> (h&auml;rm"f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Full of harm; injurious; hurtful; mischievous.</def> " Most
<i>harmful</i> hazards."  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p>--<wf>Harm"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Harm"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Har"mine</hw> (h&auml;r"m&ibreve;n or -m&emacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>[See <u>Harmaline</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
alkaloid accompanying harmaline (in the <i>Peganum harmala</i>), and
obtained from it by oxidation. It is a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Harm"less</hw> (h&auml;rm"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from harm; unhurt; as, to give bond to
save another <i>harmless</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from power or disposition to harm;
innocent; inoffensive.</def> " The <i>harmless</i> deer."
<i>Drayton</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Innocent; innoxious; innocuous; inoffensive;
unoffending; unhurt; uninjured; unharmed.</p>

<p>--<wf>Harm"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>-
<wf>Harm"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Har*mon"ic</hw> (h&auml;r*m&obreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<hw>Har*mon"ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>harmonicus</i>, Gr. <grk>"armoniko`s</grk>; cf. F.
<i>harmonique</i>. See <u>Harmony</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Concordant; musical; consonant; as, <i>harmonic</i>
sounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Harmonic</i> twang! of leather, horn, and
brass.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Relating to harmony, -- as
<i>melodic</i> relates to melody; harmonious; esp., relating to the
accessory sounds or overtones which accompany the predominant and
apparent single tone of any string or sonorous body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Having relations or
properties bearing some resemblance to those of musical consonances;
-- said of certain numbers, ratios, proportions, points, lines,
motions, and the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Harmonic interval</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the
distance between two notes of a chord, or two consonant notes.</cd> -
- <col><b>Harmonical mean</b></col> <i>(Arith. &amp; Alg.)</i>,
<cd>certain relations of numbers and quantities, which bear an
analogy to musical consonances.</cd> -- <col><b>Harmonic
motion</b></col>, <cd>the motion of the point A, of the foot of the
perpendicular PA, when P moves uniformly in the circumference of a
circle, and PA is drawn perpendicularly upon a fixed diameter of the
circle. This is <i>simple harmonic motion</i>. The combinations, in
any way, of two or more simple harmonic motions, make other kinds of
harmonic motion.  The motion of the pendulum bob of a clock is
approximately <i>simple harmonic motion</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Harmonic proportion</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Proportion</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Harmonic series</b></col> or
<col><b>progression</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Progression</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Spherical harmonic analysis</b></col>, <cd>a mathematical
method, sometimes referred to as that of <i>Laplace's
Coefficients</i>, which has for its object the expression of an
arbitrary, periodic function of two independent variables, in the
proper form for a large class of physical problems, involving
arbitrary data, over a spherical surface, and the deduction of
solutions for every point of space. The functions employed in this
method are called <i>spherical harmonic functions</i>.</cd>
<i>Thomson &amp; Tait.</i> -- <col><b>Harmonic suture</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>an articulation by simple apposition of
comparatively smooth surfaces or edges, as between the two superior
maxillary bones in man; -- called also <i>harmonia</i>, and
<i>harmony</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Harmonic triad</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the chord of a note with its third and fifth; the
common chord.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Har*mon"ic</hw> (h&auml;r*m&obreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A musical note produced by a
number of vibrations which is a multiple of the number producing some
other; an overtone. See <u>Harmonics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har*mon"i*ca</hw> (-&ibreve;*k&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Fem. fr. L. <i>harmonicus</i> harmonic. See <u>Harmonic</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A musical instrument,
consisting of a series of hemispherical glasses which, by touching
the edges with the dampened finger, give forth the tones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A toy instrument of strips of glass or
metal hung on two tapes, and struck with hammers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har*mon"ic*al*ly</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an harmonical
manner; harmoniously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In respect to harmony, as distinguished
from <i>melody</i>; as, a passage <i>harmonically</i>
correct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>In harmonical
progression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har*mon"i*con</hw> (-&ibreve;*k&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small, flat, wind instrument of music, in
which the notes are produced by the vibration of free metallic
reeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har*mon"ics</hw> (-&ibreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine or science of musical
sounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Secondary and
less distinct tones which accompany any principal, and apparently
simple, tone, as the octave, the twelfth, the fifteenth, and the
seventeenth. The name is also applied to the artificial tones
produced by a string or column of air, when the impulse given to it
suffices only to make a part of the string or column vibrate;
overtones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har*mo"ni*ous</hw> (h&auml;r*m&omacr;"n&ibreve;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>harmonieux</i>. See <u>Harmony</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to each other; having parts
proportioned to each other; symmetrical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God hath made the intellectual world <i>harmonious</i>
and beautiful without us.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acting together to a common end; agreeing
in action or feeling; living in peace and friendship; as, an
<i>harmonious</i> family.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Vocally or musically concordant; agreeably
consonant; symphonious.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Har*mo"ni*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Har*mo"ni*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Har*mon"i*phon</hw> (h&auml;r*m&obreve;n"&ibreve;*f&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"armoni`a</grk> harmony +
<grk>fwnh`</grk> sound.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An obsolete wind
instrument with a keyboard, in which the sound, which resembled the
oboe, was produced by the vibration of thin metallic plates, acted
upon by blowing through a tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"mo*nist</hw> (h&auml;r"m&osl;*n&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>harmoniste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shows the agreement or harmony of corresponding passages
of different authors, as of the four evangelists.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One who understands the
principles of harmony or is skillful in applying them in composition;
a musical composer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Har"mo*nist</hw>, <hw>Har"mo*nite</hw> (-n&imacr;t), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a religious
sect, founded in W&uuml;rtemburg in the last century, composed of
followers of George Rapp, a weaver. They had all their property in
common. In 1803, a portion of this sect settled in Pennsylvania and
called the village thus established, Harmony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har*mo"ni*um</hw> (h&auml;r*m&omacr;"n&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Harmony</u>. ] <def>A musical
instrument, resembling a small organ and especially designed for
church music, in which the tones are produced by forcing air by means
of a bellows so as to cause the vibration of free metallic reeds. It
is now made with one or two keyboards, and has pedals and
stops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har`mo*ni*za"tion</hw>
(h&auml;r`m&osl;*n&ibreve;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of harmonizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"mo*nize</hw> (h&auml;r"m&osl;*n&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Harmonized</u> (-
n&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Harmonizing</u> (-
n&imacr;"z&ibreve;ng).] [Cf. F. <i>harmoniser</i>. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To agree in action, adaptation, or effect on
the mind; to agree in sense or purport; as, the parts of a mechanism
<i>harmonize</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in peace and friendship, as
individuals, families, or public organizations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To agree in vocal or musical effect; to
form a concord; as, the tones <i>harmonize</i> perfectly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"mo*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To adjust in fit proportions; to cause to agree; to show the
agreement of; to reconcile the apparent contradiction of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To accompany with harmony;
to provide with parts, as an air, or melody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"mo*ni`zer</hw> (-n&imacr;`z&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who harmonizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har`mo*nom"e*ter</hw> (-n&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"armoni`a</grk> harmony +
<i>meter</i>: cf. F. <i>harmonom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument
for measuring the harmonic relations of sounds. It is often a
monochord furnished with movable bridges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"mo*ny</hw> (h&auml;r"m&osl;*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Harmonies</b></plw> (-
n&ibreve;z). [ F. <i>harmonie</i>, L. <i>harmonia</i>, Gr.
<grk>"armoni`a</grk> joint, proportion, concord, fr.
<grk>"armo`s</grk> a fitting or joining. See <u>Article</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The just adaptation of parts to each other,
in any system or combination of things, or in things intended to form
a connected whole; such an agreement between the different parts of a
design or composition as to produce unity of effect; as, the
<i>harmony</i> of the universe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Concord or agreement in facts, opinions,
manners, interests, etc.; good correspondence; peace and friendship;
as, good citizens live in <i>harmony</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A literary work which brings together or
arranges systematically parallel passages of historians respecting
the same events, and shows their agreement or consistency; as, a
<i>harmony</i> of the Gospels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
succession of chords according to the rules of progression and
modulation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The science which treats
of their construction and progression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ten thousand harps, that tuned<BR>
Angelic <i>harmonies</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <i>Harmonic suture</i>,
under <u>Harmonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Close harmony</b></col>, <col><b>Dispersed
harmony</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Close</u>, <u>Dispersed</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Harmony of the spheres</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Music of the spheres</i>, under <u>Music</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Harmony</u>, <u>Melody</u>.  <i>Harmony</i>
results from the concord of two or more strains or sounds which
differ in pitch and quality. <i>Melody</i> denotes the pleasing
alternation and variety of musical and measured sounds, as they
succeed each other in a single verse or strain.</p>

<p><! p. 672 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>Har"most</hw> (h&auml;r"m&obreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>"armosth`s</grk>, fr. <grk>"armo`zein</grk> to join,
arrange, command: cf. F. <i>harmoste</i>.  See <u>Harmony</u>.]
<i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A city governor or prefect appointed by the
Spartans in the cities subjugated by them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"mo*tome</hw> (-m&osl;*t&omacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>"armo`s</grk> a joint + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut: cf. F.
<i>harmotome</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous silicate of alumina
and baryta, occurring usually in white cruciform crystals; cross-
stone.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A related mineral, called <i>lime harmotome</i>, and
<i>Phillipsite</i>, contains lime in place of baryta.
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"ness</hw> (-n&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>harneis</i>, <i>harnes</i>, OF. <i>harneis</i>, F. <i>harnais</i>,
<i>harnois</i>; of Celtic origin; cf. Armor. <i>harnez</i> old iron,
armor, W. <i>haiarn</i> iron, Armor. <i>houarn</i>, Ir.
<i>iarann</i>, Gael. <i>iarunn</i>.  Cf. <u>Iron</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, the complete dress, especially in
a military sense, of a man or a horse; hence, in general,
armor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At least we'll die with <i>harness</i> on our
back.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The equipment of a draught or carriage
horse, for drawing a wagon, coach, chaise, etc.; gear;
tackling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The part of a loom comprising the heddles,
with their means of support and motion, by which the threads of the
warp are alternately raised and depressed for the passage of the
shuttle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To die in harness</b></col>, <cd>to die with armor on;
hence, colloquially, to die while actively engaged in work or
duty.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Har"ness</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Harnessed</u> (-n&ebreve;st); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Harnessing</u>.] [OE. <i>harneisen</i>; cf. F.
<i>harnacher</i>, OF. <i>harneschier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
dress in armor; to equip with armor for war, as a horseman; to
array.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Harnessed</i> in rugged steel.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A gay dagger,<BR>
<i>Harnessed</i> well and sharp as point of spear.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To equip or furnish for
defense.</def> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make ready for draught; to equip with
harness, as a horse. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Harnessed</i> to some regular
profession.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Harnessed antelope</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Guib</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Harnessed moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American bombycid moth (<i>Arctia
phalerata</i> of Harris), having, on the fore wings, stripes and
bands of buff on a black ground.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Har"ness cask`</hw> (k&adot;sk`). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A tub
lashed to a vessel's deck and containing salted provisions for daily
use; -- called also <i>harness tub</i>.</def>  <i>W. C.
Russell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"ness*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who harnesses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Harns</hw> (h&auml;rnz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Akin to
Icel. <i>hjarni</i>, Dan. <i>hierne</i>.] <def>The brains.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Harp</hw> (h&auml;rp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>harpe</i>,
AS. <i>hearpe</i>; akin to D. <i>harp</i>, G. <i>harfe</i>, OHG.
<i>harpha</i>, Dan. <i>harpe</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>harpa</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A musical instrument consisting of a
triangular frame furnished with strings and sometimes with pedals,
held upright, and played with the fingers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation;
<i>Lyra</i>, or the Lyre.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A grain sieve.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>&AElig;olian harp</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>&AElig;olian</u>.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Harp seal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an arctic
seal (<i>Phoca Gr&oelig;nlandica</i>). The adult males have a light-
colored body, with a harp-shaped mark of black on each side, and the
face and throat black. Called also <i>saddler</i>, and
<i>saddleback</i>. The immature ones are called
<i>bluesides</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Harp shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a beautiful marine gastropod shell of the
genus <i>Harpa</i>, of several species, found in tropical seas. See
<u>Harpa</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Harp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Harped</u> (h&auml;rpt) <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Harping</u>.] [AS. <i>hearpian</i>. See <u>Harp</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play on the
harp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I heard the voice of harpers, <i>harping</i> with
their harps.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xiv. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dwell on or recur to a subject
tediously or monotonously in speaking or in writing; to refer to
something repeatedly or continually; -- usually with <i>on</i> or
<i>upon</i>.</def> "<i>Harpings</i> upon old themes."  <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Harping</i> on what I am,<BR>
Not what he knew I was.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To harp on one string</b></col>, <cd>to dwell upon one
subject with disagreeable or wearisome persistence.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Harp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To play on, as a harp;
to play (a tune) on the harp; to develop or give expression to by
skill and art; to sound forth as from a harp; to hit upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou 'st <i>harped</i> my fear aright.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Har"pa</hw> (h&auml;r"p&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
harp.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine univalve shells;
the harp shells; -- so called from the form of the shells, and their
ornamental ribs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"pa*gon</hw> (-g&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>harpago</i>, Gr. <grk>"arpa`gh</grk> hook, rake.] <def>A grappling
iron.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Harp"er</hw> (h&auml;rp"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hearpere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A player on the harp; a
minstrel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The murmuring pines and the hemlocks . . . <BR>
Stand like <i>harpers</i> hoar, with beards that rest on their
bosoms.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brass coin bearing the emblem of a harp,
-- formerly current in Ireland.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Harp"ing</hw> (h&auml;rp"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to the harp; as, <i>harping</i> symphonies.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Harp"ing i`ron</hw> (&imacr;`&ubreve;rn). [F. <i>harper</i> to
grasp strongly. See <u>Harpoon</u>.] <def>A harpoon.</def>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Harp"ings</hw> (-&ibreve;ngz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The fore parts of the wales, which encompass the
bow of a vessel, and are fastened to the stem.</def> [Written also
<i>harpins</i>.]  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Harp"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>harpiste</i>.]
<def>A player on the harp; a harper.</def>  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har*poon"</hw> (h&auml;r*p&oomac;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>harpon</i>, LL. <i>harpo</i>, perh. of Ger. origin, fr. the
<i>harp</i>; cf. F. <i>harper</i> to take and grasp strongly,
<i>harpe</i> a dog's claw, <i>harpin</i> boathook (the sense of
<i>hook</i> coming from the shape of the harp); but cf. also Gr.
<grk>"a`rph</grk> the kite, sickle, and E. <i>harpy</i>.  Cf.
<u>Harp</u>.] <def>A spear or javelin used to strike and kill large
fish, as whales; a harping iron. It consists of a long shank, with a
broad, fiat, triangular head, sharpened at both edges, and is thrown
by hand, or discharged from a gun.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Harpoon fork</b></col>, <cd>a kind of hayfork, consisting
of bar with hinged barbs at one end and a loop for a rope at the
other end, used for lifting hay from the load by horse power.</cd> --
<col><b>Harpoon gun</b></col>, <cd>a gun used in the whale fishery
for shooting the harpoon into a whale.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Har*poon"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Harpooned</u> (-p&oomac;nd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Harpooning</u>.] <def>To strike, catch, or kill with
a harpoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har`poon*eer"</hw> (h&auml;r`p&oomac;n*&emacr;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An harpooner.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har*poon"er</hw> (h&auml;r*p&oomac;n"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>harponneur</i>.] <def>One who throws
the harpoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Harp"ress</hw> (h&auml;rp"r&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A female harper.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Harp"si*chon</hw> (h&auml;rp"s&ibreve;*k&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A harpsichord.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Harp"si*chord</hw> (-k&ocirc;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>harpechorde</i>, in which the <i>harpe</i> is of German origin.
See <u>Harp</u>, and <u>Chord</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A harp-shaped
instrument of music set horizontally on legs, like the grand piano,
with strings of wire, played by the fingers, by means of keys
provided with quills, instead of hammers, for striking the strings.
It is now superseded by the piano.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"py</hw> (h&auml;r"p&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Harpies</b></plw> (-p&ibreve;z). [F.
<i>harpie</i>, L. <i>harpyia</i>, Gr. <grk>"a`rpyia</grk>, from the
root of <grk>"arpa`zein</grk> to snatch, to seize. Cf.
<u>Rapacious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>A
fabulous winged monster, ravenous and filthy, having the face of a
woman and the body of a vulture, with long claws, and the face pale
with hunger. Some writers mention two, others three.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both table and provisions vanished quite.<BR>
With sound of <i>harpies'</i> wings and talons heard.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is rapacious or ravenous; an
extortioner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>harpies</i> about all pocket the
pool.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The European moor buzzard or marsh harrier (<i>Circus
&aelig;ruginosus</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A large and
powerful, double-crested, short-winged American eagle
(<i>Thrasa&euml;tus harpyia</i>). It ranges from Texas to
Brazil.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Harpy bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An East Indian fruit bat of the genus
<i>Harpyia</i> (esp. <i>H. cephalotes</i>), having prominent, tubular
nostrils.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A small, insectivorous Indian
bat (<i>Harpiocephalus harpia</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Harpy
fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the house fly.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Har"que*bus</hw> <hw>Har"que*buse</hw>  }
(h&auml;r"kw&esl;*b&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Arquebus</u>.] <def>A firearm with match holder, trigger, and
tumbler, made in the second half of the 15th century. The barrel was
about forty inches long. A form of the harquebus was subsequently
called <i>arquebus with matchlock</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"rage</hw> (h&abreve;r"r&asl;j; 48) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[See <u>Harry</u>.] <def>To harass; to plunder from.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"re</hw> (h&auml;r"r<i>e</i>), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.,
fr. AS. <i>heorr</i>, <i>h&iacute;or</i>.] <def>A hinge.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"ri*dan</hw> (h&abreve;r"r&ibreve;*d<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>haridelle</i> a worn-out horse, jade.]
<def>A worn-out strumpet; a vixenish woman; a hag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a weak, watery, wicked old <i>harridan</i>,
substituted for the pretty creature I had been used to
see.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"ri*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Hare</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a
small breed of hounds, used for hunting hares.</def> [Written also
<i>harier</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Har"ri*er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Harry</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who harries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species
of hawks or buzzards of the genus <i>Circus</i> which fly low and
<i>harry</i> small animals or birds, -- as the European marsh harrier
(<i>Circus &aelig;ruginosus</i>), and the hen harrier (<i>C.
cyaneus</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Harrier hawk</b></col><i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
several species of American hawks of the genus
<i>Micrastur</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Har"row</hw> (h&abreve;r"r&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>harowe</i>, <i>harwe</i>, AS. <i>hearge</i>; cf. D. <i>hark</i>
rake, G. <i>harke</i>, Icel. <i>herfi</i> harrow, Dan. <i>harve</i>,
Sw. <i>harf</i>.  &radic;16.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An implement of
agriculture, usually formed of pieces of timber or metal crossing
each other, and set with iron or wooden teeth. It is drawn over
plowed land to level it and break the clods, to stir the soil and
make it fine, or to cover seed when sown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An obstacle formed by
turning an ordinary harrow upside down, the frame being
buried.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bush harrow</b></col>, <cd>a kind of light harrow made of
bushes, for harrowing grass lands and covering seeds, or to finish
the work of a toothed harrow.</cd> -- <col><b>Drill harrow</b></col>.
<cd>See under 6th <u>Drill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Under the
harrow</b></col>, <cd>subjected to actual torture with a toothed
instrument, or to great affliction or oppression.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Har"row</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Harrowed</u> (-r&osl;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Harrowing</u>.] [OE. <i>harowen</i>, <i>harwen</i>;
cf. Dan. <i>harve</i>. See <u>Harrow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw a harrow over, as for the purpose of
breaking clods and leveling the surface, or for covering seed; as, to
<i>harrow</i> land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will he <i>harrow</i> the valleys after
thee?</blockquote> <i>Job xxxix. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break or tear, as with a harrow; to
wound; to lacerate; to torment or distress; to vex.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My aged muscles <i>harrowed</i> up with
whips.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I could a tale unfold, whose lightest word<BR>
Would <i>harrow</i> up thy soul.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"row</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [OF. <i>harau</i>,
<i>haro</i>; fr. OHG. <i>hara</i>, <i>hera</i>, <i>herot</i>, or fr.
OS. <i>herod</i> hither, akin to E. <i>here</i>.] <def>Help! Halloo!
An exclamation of distress; a call for succor; -- the ancient Norman
hue and cry.</def> "<i>Harrow</i> and well away!"
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Harrow</i>! alas! here lies my fellow
slain.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"row</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Harry</u>.]
<def>To pillage; to harry; to oppress.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Meaning thereby to <i>harrow</i> his
people.</blockquote> <i>Bacon</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"row*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who harrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"row*er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
harries.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Har"ry</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Harried</u> (-r&ibreve;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Harrying</u>.] [OE.
<i>harwen</i>, <i>herien</i>, <i>her&yogh;ien</i>, AS. <i>hergian</i>
to act as an army, to ravage, plunder, fr. <i>here</i> army; akin to
G. <i>heer</i>, Icel. <i>herr</i>, Goth. <i>harjis</i>, and Lith.
<i>karas</i> war.  Cf. <u>Harbor</u>, <u>Herald</u>,
<u>Heriot</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strip; to pillage; to lay waste; as,
the Northmen came several times and <i>harried</i> the
land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>harry</i> this beautiful region.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A red squirrel had <i>harried</i> the nest of a wood
thrush.</blockquote> <i>J. Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To agitate; to worry; to harrow; to
harass.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To ravage; plunder; pillage; lay waste; vex; tease;
worry; annoy; harass.</p>

<p><hw>Har"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a predatory
incursion; to plunder or lay waste.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Harsh</hw> (h&auml;rsh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Harsher</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Harshest</u>.] [OE. <i>harsk</i>; akin
to G. <i>harsch</i>, Dan. <i>harsk</i> rancid, Sw. <i>h&auml;rsk</i>;
from the same source as E. <i>hard</i>. See <u>Hard</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rough; disagreeable;
grating</def>; esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To the touch.</def>
"<i>Harsh</i> sand." <i>Boyle.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To the
taste.</def> "Berries <i>harsh</i> and crude." <i>Milton.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To the ear.</def> "<i>Harsh</i> din."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unpleasant and repulsive to the
sensibilities; austere; crabbed; morose; abusive; abusive; severe;
rough.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Clarence is so <i>harsh</i>, so blunt.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though <i>harsh</i> the precept, yet the preacher
charmed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Painting, Drawing, etc.)</i> <def>Having
violent contrasts of color, or of light and shade; lacking in
harmony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Harsh"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a harsh manner;
gratingly; roughly; rudely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T will sound <i>harshly</i> in her ears.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Harsh"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being harsh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, she is<BR>
Ten times more gentle than her father's crabbed,<BR>
And he's composed of <i>harshness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis not enough no <i>harshness</i> gives offense,<BR>
The sound must seem an echo to the sense.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Acrimony; roughness; sternness; asperity; tartness.
See <u>Acrimony</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hars"let</hw> (h&auml;rs"l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Haslet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hart</hw> (h&auml;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hart</i>,
<i>hert</i>, <i>heort</i>, AS. <i>heort</i>, <i>heorot</i>; akin to
D. <i>hert</i>, OHG. <i>hiruz</i>, <i>hirz</i>, G. <i>hirsch</i>,
Icel. <i>hj&ouml;rtr</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>hjort</i>, L. <i>cervus</i>,
and prob. to Gr. <grk>kerao`s</grk> horned, <grk>ke`ras</grk> horn.
&radic;230. See <u>Horn</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A stag; the
male of the red deer. See the Note under <u>Buck</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Goodliest of all the forest, <i>hart</i> and
hind.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hart"beest`</hw> (-b&emacr;st`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>hertebeest</i>. See <u>Hart</u>, and <u>Beast</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large South African antelope
(<i>Alcelaphus caama</i>), formerly much more abundant than it is
now. The face and legs are marked with black, the rump with
white.</def> [Written also <i>hartebeest</i>, and
<i>hartebest</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hart"en</hw> (-'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hearten;
to encourage; to incite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hart"ford</hw> (h&auml;rt"f&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The Hartford grape, a variety of grape first raised at
<i>Hartford</i>, Connecticut, from the Northern fox grape. Its large
dark-colored berries ripen earlier than those of most other
kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hart's" clo`ver</hw> (h&auml;rts" kl&omacr;`v&etilde;r).
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Melilot or sweet clover. See
<u>Melilot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hart's"-ear`</hw> (-&emacr;r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An Asiatic species of <i>Cacalia</i> (<i>C.
Kleinia</i>), used medicinally in India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Harts"horn`</hw> (-h&ocirc;rn`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The horn or antler of the hart, or male red
deer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spirits of hartshorn (see below); volatile
salts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hartshorn plantain</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an annual
species of plantain (<i>Plantago Coronopus</i>); -- called also
<i>buck's-horn</i>.</cd> <i>Booth.</i> -- <col><b>Hartshorn
shavings</b></col>, <cd>originally taken from the horns of harts, are
now obtained chiefly by planing down the bones of calves. They afford
a kind of jelly.</cd> <i>Hebert.</i> -- <col><b>Salt of
hartshorn</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an impure solid carbonate of
ammonia, obtained by the destructive distillation of hartshorn, or
any kind of bone; volatile salts.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> --
<col><b>Spirits of hartshorn</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a solution
of ammonia in water; -- so called because formerly obtained from
hartshorn shavings by destructive distillation. Similar ammoniacal
solutions from other sources have received the same name.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 673 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>Hart's"-tongue`</hw> (h&auml;rts"t&ubreve;ng`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A common
British fern (<i>Scolopendrium vulgare</i>), rare in America.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A West Indian fern, the <i>Polypodium
Phyllitidis</i> of Linn&aelig;us.  It is also found in
Florida.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hart"wort`</hw> (h&auml;rt"w&ucirc;rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A coarse umbelliferous plant of Europe
(<i>Tordylium maximum</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is often vaguely given to other plants of the same
order, as species of <i>Seseli</i> and <i>Bupleurum</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Har"um-scar"um</hw>
(h&acirc;r"&ubreve;m*sk&acirc;r"&ubreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<i>hare</i>,<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and <i>scare</i>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Wild; giddy; flighty; rash; thoughtless.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They had a quarrel with Sir Thomas Newcome's own son,
a <i>harum-scarum</i> lad.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha*rus`pi*ca"tion</hw>
(h&adot;*r&ubreve;s`p&ibreve;*k&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Haruspicy</u>.</def>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha*rus"pice</hw> (h&adot;*r&ubreve;s"p&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>haruspex</i>.] <def>A diviner of
ancient Rome. Same as <u>Aruspice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha*rus"pi*cy</hw> (-p&ibreve;*s&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The art or practices of haruspices. See
<u>Aruspicy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"vest</hw> (h&auml;r"v&ebreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>harvest</i>, <i>hervest</i>, AS. <i>h&aelig;rfest</i> autumn;
akin to LG. <i>harfst</i>, D. <i>herfst</i>, OHG. <i>herbist</i>, G.
<i>herbst</i>, and prob. to L. <i>carpere</i> to pluck, Gr.
<grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.  Cf. <u>Carpet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The gathering of a crop of any kind; the ingathering of the
crops; also, the season of gathering grain and fruits, late summer or
early autumn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seedtime and <i>harvest</i> . . . shall not
cease.</blockquote> <i>Gen. viii. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At <i>harvest</i>, when corn is ripe.</blockquote>
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is reaped or ready to be reaped
or gathered; a crop, as of grain (wheat, maize, etc.), or
fruit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put ye in the sickle, for the <i>harvest</i> is
ripe.</blockquote> <i>Joel iii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To glean the broken ears after the man<BR>
That the main <i>harvest</i> reaps.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The product or result of any exertion or
labor; gain; reward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pope's principal <i>harvest</i> was in the
jubilee.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>harvest</i> of a quiet eye.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Harvest fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a marine
fish of the Southern United States (<i>Stromateus alepidotus</i>); --
called <i>whiting</i> in Virginia.  Also applied to the dollar
fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Harvest fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an hemipterous insect of the genus <i>Cicada</i>, often called
<i>locust</i>. See <u>Cicada</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Harvest
lord</b></col>, <cd>the head reaper at a harvest.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Tusser.</i> -- <col><b>Harvest mite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a minute European mite (<i>Leptus autumnalis</i>), of a bright
crimson color, which is troublesome by penetrating the skin of man
and domestic animals; -- called also <i>harvest louse</i>, and
<i>harvest bug</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Harvest moon</b></col>, <cd>the
moon near the full at the time of harvest in England, or about the
autumnal equinox, when, by reason of the small angle that is made by
the moon's orbit with the horizon, it rises nearly at the same hour
for several days.</cd> -- <col><b>Harvest mouse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very small European field mouse (<i>Mus
minutus</i>). It builds a globular nest on the stems of wheat and
other plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Harvest queen</b></col>, <cd>an image
representing Ceres, formerly carried about on the last day of
harvest.</cd> <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>Harvest spider</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Daddy longlegs</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Har"vest</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Harvested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Harvesting</u>.] <def>To reap or gather, as any crop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"vest*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who harvests; a machine for cutting and
gathering grain; a reaper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A harvesting
ant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"vest-home"</hw> (-h&omacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The gathering and bringing home of the
harvest; the time of harvest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Showed like a stubble land at <i>harvest-
home</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The song sung by reapers at the feast made
at the close of the harvest; the feast itself.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A service of thanksgiving, at harvest
time, in the Church of England and in the Protestant Episcopal Church
in the United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The opportunity of gathering
treasure.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"vest*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>, from
<u>Harvest</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Harvesting ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
species of ant which gathers and stores up seeds for food. Many
species are known.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; The species found in Southern Europe and Palestine are
<i>Aphenogaster structor</i> and <i>A. barbara</i>; that of Texas,
called <i>agricultural ant</i>, is <i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> or
<i>Myrmica molifaciens</i>; that of Florida is <i>P. crudelis</i>.
See <i>Agricultural ant</i>, under <u>Agricultural</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Har"vest*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without harvest;
lacking in crops; barren.</def> "<i>Harvestless</i> autumns."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"vest*man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Harvestmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n).
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man engaged in harvesting.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Daddy
longlegs</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"vest*ry</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of harvesting; also, that which is harvested.</def>
<i>Swinburne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Har"y</hw> (h&abreve;r"&ybreve;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
OF. <i>harier</i> to harass, or E. <i>harry</i>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>To draw; to drag; to carry off by violence.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Has</hw> (h&abreve;z), <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Have</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Has"ard</hw> (-&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hazard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hase</hw> (h&amacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Haze</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Hash</hw> (h&abreve;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly
<i>hachey</i>, <i>hachee</i>, F. <i>hachis</i>, fr.  <i>hacher</i> to
hash; of German origin; cf. G. <i>hippe</i> sickle, OHG.
<i>hippa</i>, for <i>happia</i>.  Cf. <u>Hatchet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is hashed or chopped up; meat and
vegetables, especially such as have been already cooked, chopped into
small pieces and mixed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A new mixture of old matter; a second
preparation or exhibition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not bear elections, and still less the
<i>hash</i> of them over again in a first session.</blockquote>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hashed</u> (h&abreve;sht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hashing</u>.] [From <u>Hash</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf. F. <i>hacher</i> to hash.] <def>To chop
into small pieces; to mince and mix; as, to <i>hash</i> meat.</def>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hash"eesh</hw> <hw>Hash"ish</hw>  } (h&abreve;sh"&emacr;sh),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>hash&imacr;sh</i>.] <def>A slightly
acrid gum resin produced by the common hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i>),
of the variety <i>Indica</i>, when cultivated in a warm climate;
also, the tops of the plant, from which the resinous product is
obtained. It is narcotic, and has long been used in the East for its
intoxicating effect. See <u>Bhang</u>, and <u>Ganja</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hask</hw> (h&abreve;sk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hassock</u>.] <def>A basket made of rushes or flags, as for
carrying fish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Has"let</hw> (h&abreve;s"l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>h&acirc;telettes</i> broil, for <i>hastelettes</i>, fr. F.
<i>haste</i> spit; cf. L. <i>hasta</i> spear, and also OHG.
<i>harst</i> gridiron.] <def>The edible viscera, as the heart, liver,
etc., of a beast, esp. of a hog.</def> [Written also
<i>harslet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hasp</hw> (h&adot;sp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hasp</i>,
<i>hesp</i>, AS. <i>h&aelig;pse</i>; akin to G. <i>haspe</i>,
<i>h&auml;spe</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>haspe</i>, Icel. <i>hespa</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A clasp, especially a metal strap
permanently fast at one end to a staple or pin, while the other
passes over a staple, and is fastened by a padlock or a pin; also, a
metallic hook for fastening a door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spindle to wind yarn, thread, or silk
on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for cutting the surface of
grass land; a scarifier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hasp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hasped</u> (h&adot;spt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hasping</u>.] [AS. <i>h&aelig;psian</i>.] <def>To
shut or fasten with a hasp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Has"sock</hw> (h&abreve;s"s&ubreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Scot. <i>hassock</i>, <i>hassik</i>, a besom, anything bushy, a
large, round turf used as a seat, OE. <i>hassok</i> sedgy ground, W.
<i>hesgog</i> sedgy, <i>hesg</i> sedge, rushes; cf. Ir. <i>seisg</i>,
and E. <i>sedge</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rank tuft of bog
grass; a tussock.</def>  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small stuffed cushion or footstool, for
kneeling on in church, or for home use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And knees and <i>hassocks</i> are well nigh
divorced.</blockquote>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hast</hw> (h&abreve;st), <def><pos><i>2d pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Have</u>, contr. of <i>havest</i>.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Has"tate</hw> (h&abreve;s"t&asl;t), <hw>Has"ta*ted</hw>(-
t&asl;*t&ebreve;d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hastatus</i>, fr.
<i>hasta</i> spear.  Cf. <u>Gad</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Shaped like the head of a halberd; triangular, with the basal
angles or lobes spreading; as, a <i>hastate</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haste</hw> (h&amacr;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>hast</i>; akin to D. <i>haast</i>, G., Dan., Sw., &amp; OFries.
<i>hast</i>, cf. OF. <i>haste</i>, F. <i>h&acirc;te</i> (of German
origin); all perh. fr. the root of E. <i>hate</i> in a earlier sense
of, to pursue. See <u>Hate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Celerity of
motion; speed; swiftness; dispatch; expedition; -- applied only to
voluntary beings, as men and other animals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king's business required
<i>haste</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xxi. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being urged or pressed by
business; hurry; urgency; sudden excitement of feeling or passion;
precipitance; vehemence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I said in my <i>haste</i>, All men are
liars.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxvi. 11.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make haste</b></col>, <cd>to hasten.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Speed; quickness; nimbleness; swiftness;
expedition; dispatch; hurry; precipitance; vehemence; precipitation.
-- <u>Haste</u>, <u>Hurry</u>, <u>Speed</u>, <u>Dispatch</u>.
<i>Haste</i> denotes quickness of action and a strong desire for
getting on; <i>hurry</i> includes a confusion and want of collected
thought not implied in <i>haste</i>; <i>speed</i> denotes the actual
progress which is made; <i>dispatch</i>, the promptitude and rapidity
with which things are done. A man may properly be in <i>haste</i>,
but never in a <i>hurry</i>. <i>Speed</i> usually secures
<i>dispatch</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Haste</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hasting</u>.] [OE. <i>hasten</i>; akin to G. <i>hasten</i>, D.
<i>haasten</i>, Dan. <i>haste</i>, Sw. <i>hasta</i>, OF.
<i>haster</i>, F. <i>h&acirc;ter</i>. See <u>Haste</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To hasten; to hurry.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll <i>haste</i> the writer.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They were troubled and <i>hasted</i>
away.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xlviii. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Has"ten</hw> (h&amacr;s"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hastened</u> (-'nd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Hastening</u> (-'n*&ibreve;ng).] <def>To
press; to drive or urge forward; to push on; to precipitate; to
accelerate the movement of; to expedite; to hurry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would <i>hasten</i> my escape from the windy
storm.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lv. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Has"ten</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move with
celerity; to be rapid in motion; to act speedily or quickly; to go
quickly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>hastened</i> to the spot whence the noise
came.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Has"ten*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who hastens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which hastens; especially, a stand or
reflector used for confining the heat of the fire to meat while
roasting before it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Has"tif</hw> (h&amacr;s"t&ibreve;f), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
See <u>Hastive</u>.] <def>Hasty.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> --
<wf>Has"tif*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Has"tile</hw> (h&abreve;s"t&imacr;l or -t&ibreve;l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hasta</i> a spear.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Hastate</u>.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Has"ti*ly</hw> (h&amacr;s"t&ibreve;*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Hasty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In haste; with speed or quickness; speedily; nimbly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without due reflection; precipitately;
rashly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>hastily</i> engaged in the war.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Passionately; impatiently.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Has"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being hasty; haste; precipitation; rashness; quickness of
temper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Has"tings</hw> (-t&ibreve;ngz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [From
<u>Haste</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Early fruit or vegetables;
especially, early pease.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Has"tings sands`</hw> (s&abreve;ndz`). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The
lower group of the Wealden formation; -- so called from its
development around <i>Hastings</i>, in Sussex, England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Has"tive</hw> (-t&ibreve;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>hastif</i>. See <u>Haste</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Hastif</u>.] <def>Forward; early; -- said of fruits.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Has"ty</hw> (h&amacr;s"t&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Hastier</u> (-t&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Hastiest</u>.] [Akin to D.
<i>haastig</i>, G., Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>hastig</i>. See <u>Haste</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Involving haste; done,
made, etc., in haste; as, a <i>hasty</i> retreat; a <i>hasty</i>
sketch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Demanding haste or immediate action.</def>
[R.] <i>Chaucer.</i> "<i>Hasty</i> employment."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Moving or acting with haste or in a hurry;
hurrying; hence, acting without deliberation; precipitate; rash;
easily excited; eager.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seest thou a man that is <i>hasty</i> in his words?
There is more hope of a fool than of him.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxix.
20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hasty</i> multitude<BR>
Admiring entered.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not <i>hasty</i> to go out of his
sight.</blockquote> <i>Eccl. viii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Made or reached without deliberation or
due caution; as, a <i>hasty</i> conjecture, inference, conclusion,
etc., a <i>hasty</i> resolution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from, or indicating, a quick
temper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take no unkindness of his <i>hasty</i>
words.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Forward; early; first ripe.</def> [Obs.]
"As the <i>hasty</i> fruit before the summer."  <i>Is. xxviii.
4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Has"ty pud"ding</hw> (h&amacr;s"t&ybreve;
p&usdot;d"d&ibreve;ng). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thick batter
pudding made of Indian meal stirred into boiling water; mush.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A batter or pudding made of flour or
oatmeal, stirred into boiling water or milk.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Hat</hw> (h&auml;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hot.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hat</hw>, <def><pos><i>sing. pres.</i></pos> of <u>Hote</u> to
be called.  Cf.</def> <u>Hatte</u>. [Obs.] "That one <i>hat</i>
abstinence."  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hat</hw> (h&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&aelig;t</i>, <i>h&aelig;tt</i>; akin to Dan. <i>hat</i>, Sw.
<i>hatt</i>, Icel. <i>hattr</i> a hat, <i>h&ouml;ttr</i> hood, D.
<i>hoed</i> hat, G. <i>hut</i>, OHG. <i>huot</i>, and prob. to L.
<i>cassis</i> helmet.  &radic;13.  Cf. <u>Hood</u>.] <def>A covering
for the head; esp., one with a crown and brim, made of various
materials, and worn by men or women for protecting the head from the
sun or weather, or for ornament.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hat block</b></col>, <cd>a block on which hats are formed
or dressed.</cd> -- <col><b>To pass around the hat</b></col>, <cd>to
take up a collection of voluntary contributions, which are often
received in a hat.</cd> [Colloq.]  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hat"a*ble</hw> (h&amacr;t"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[From <u>Hate</u>.] <def>Capable of being, or deserving to be, hated;
odious; detestable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hat"band`</hw> (h&abreve;t"b&abreve;nd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A band round the crown of a hat; sometimes, a band of black
cloth, crape, etc., worn as a badge of mourning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hat"box`</hw> (-b&obreve;ks`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A box
for a hat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hatch</hw> (h&abreve;ch), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hatched</u> (h&abreve;cht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Hatching</u>.] [F. <i>hacher</i>
to chop, hack. See <u>Hash</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cross
with lines in a peculiar manner in drawing and engraving. See
<u>Hatching</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall win this sword, silvered and
<i>hatched</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>hatching</i> strokes of the
pencil.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cross; to spot; to stain; to
steep.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His weapon <i>hatched</i> in blood.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hatch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hacchen</i>,
<i>hetchen</i>; akin to G. <i>hecken</i>, Dan. <i>hekke</i>; cf. MHG.
<i>hagen</i> bull; perh. akin to E. <i>hatch</i> a half door, and
orig. meaning, to produce under a hatch. &radic;12.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To produce, as young, from an egg or eggs by
incubation, or by artificial heat; to produce young from (eggs); as,
the young when <i>hatched</i>.</def>  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As the partridge sitteth on eggs, and <i>hatcheth</i>
them not.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xvii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For the hens do not sit upon the eggs; but by keeping
them in a certain equal heat they [the husbandmen] bring life into
them and <i>hatch</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contrive or plot; to form by
meditation, and bring into being; to originate and produce; to
concoct; as, to <i>hatch</i> mischief; to <i>hatch</i> heresy.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fancies <i>hatched</i><BR>
In silken-folded idleness.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hatch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To produce young; --
said of eggs; to come forth from the egg; -- said of the young of
birds, fishes, insects, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hatch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of hatching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Development; disclosure; discovery.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The chickens produced at once or by one
incubation; a brood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hatch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hacche</i>, AS.
<i>h&aelig;c</i>, cf. <i>haca</i> the bar of a door, D. <i>hek</i>
gate, Sw. <i>h&auml;ck</i> coop, rack, Dan. <i>hekke</i> manger,
rack. Prob. akin to E. <i>hook</i>, and first used of something made
of pieces fastened together.  Cf. <u>Heck</u>, <u>Hack</u> a frame.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A door with an opening over it; a half door,
sometimes set with spikes on the upper edge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In at the window, or else o'er the
<i>hatch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A frame or weir in a river, for catching
fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A flood gate; a sluice gate.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A bedstead.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An opening in the deck of a vessel or
floor of a warehouse which serves as a passageway or hoistway; a
hatchway; also; a cover or door, or one of the covers used in closing
such an opening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>An opening into, or in
search of, a mine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Booby hatch</b></col>, <col><b>Buttery hatch</b></col>,
<col><b>Companion hatch</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>Booby</u>,
<u>Buttery</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To batten down the
hatches</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to lay tarpaulins over them,
and secure them with battens.</cd> -- <col><b>To be under
hatches</b></col>, <cd>to be confined below in a vessel; to be under
arrest, or in slavery, distress, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hatch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To close with a hatch
or hatches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T were not amiss to keep our door
<i>hatched</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hatch"-boat`</hw> (h&abreve;ch"b&omacr;t`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel whose deck consists
almost wholly of movable hatches; -- used mostly in the
fisheries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hatch"el</hw> (-&ebreve;l; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>hechele</i>, <i>hekele</i>; akin to D. <i>hekel</i>, G.
<i>hechel</i>, Dan. <i>hegle</i>, Sw. <i>h&auml;kla</i>, and prob. to
E. <i>hook</i>. See <u>Hook</u>, and cf. <u>Hackle</u>,
<u>Heckle</u>.] <def>An instrument with long iron teeth set in a
board, for cleansing flax or hemp from the tow, hards, or coarse
part; a kind of large comb; -- called also <i>hackle</i> and
<i>heckle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hatch"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hatcheled</u> or <u>Hatchelled</u> (-&ebreve;ld);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Hatcheling</u> or
<u>Hatchelling</u>.] [OE. <i>hechelen</i>, <i>hekelen</i>; akin to D.
<i>hekelen</i>, G. <i>hecheln</i>, Dan. <i>hegle</i>, Sw.
<i>h&auml;kla</i>. See <u>Hatchel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw through the teeth of a hatchel, as
flax or hemp, so as to separate the coarse and refuse parts from the
fine, fibrous parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tease; to worry; to torment.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hatch"el*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who uses a hatchel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hatch"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who hatches, or that which hatches; a
hatching apparatus; an incubator.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who contrives or originates; a
plotter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A great <i>hatcher</i> and breeder of
business.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hatch"er*y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house
for hatching fish, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hatch"et</hw> (-&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hachette</i>, dim. of <i>hache</i> ax. See 1st <u>Hatch</u>,
<u>Hash</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small ax with a short handle,
to be used with one hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a tomahawk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Buried was the bloody <i>hatchet</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><! p. 674 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><col><b>Hatchet face</b></col>, <cd>a thin, sharp face, like the
edge of a hatchet</cd>; hence: <col><b>Hatchet-faced</b></col>,
<cd>sharp-visaged.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>To bury the
hatchet</b></col>, <cd>to make peace or become reconciled.</cd> --
<col><b>To take up the hatchet</b></col>, <cd>to make or declare war.
The last two phrases are derived from the practice of the American
Indians.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hatch"et*tine</hw> (h&abreve;ch"&ebreve;t*t&ibreve;n),
<hw>Hatch"et*tite</hw> (-t&ibreve;t), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named
after the discoverer, Charles <i>Hatchett</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Mineral tallow; a waxy or spermaceti-like substance, commonly of
a greenish yellow color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hatch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Hatch</u>.]
<def>A mode of execution in engraving, drawing, and miniature
painting, in which shading is produced by lines crossing each other
at angles more or less acute; -- called also
<i>crosshatching</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hatch"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupt.
fr. <i>achievement</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A sort of panel, upon which
the arms of a deceased person are temporarily displayed, -- usually
on the walls of his dwelling. It is lozenge-shaped or square, but is
hung cornerwise. It is used in England as a means of giving public
notification of the death of the deceased, his or her rank, whether
married, widower, widow, etc. Called also
<i>achievement</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His obscure funeral;<BR>
No trophy, sword, or <i>hatchment</i> o'er his bones.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sword or other mark of the profession of
arms; in general, a mark of dignity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let there be deducted, out of our main potation,<BR>
Five marks in <i>hatchments</i> to adorn this thigh.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hatch"ure</hw> (-&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Hachure</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hatch"way`</hw> (-w&amacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
square or oblong opening in a deck or floor, affording passage from
one deck or story to another; the entrance to a cellar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hate</hw> (h&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hating</u>.] [OE. <i>haten</i>, <i>hatien</i>, AS. <i>hatian</i>;
akin to OS. <i>hatan</i>, <i>hat&omacr;n</i> to be hostile to, D.
<i>haten</i> to hate, OHG. <i>hazz&emacr;n</i>, <i>hazz&omacr;n</i>,
G. <i>hassen</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>hata</i>, Dan. <i>hade</i>, Goth.
<i>hatan</i>, <i>hatjan</i>. &radic;36.  Cf. <u>Hate</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Heinous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a great aversion to, with a strong
desire that evil should befall the person toward whom the feeling is
directed; to dislike intensely; to detest; as, to <i>hate</i> one's
enemies; to <i>hate</i> hypocrisy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever <i>hateth</i> his brother is a
murderer.</blockquote> <i>1 John iii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be very unwilling; followed by an
infinitive, or a substantive clause with <i>that</i>; as, to
<i>hate</i> to get into debt; to <i>hate</i> that anything should be
wasted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>hate</i> that he should linger here.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>To love less,
relatively.</def>  <i>Luke xiv. 26.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Hate</u>, <u>Abhor</u>, <u>Detest</u>,
<u>Abominate</u>, <u>Loathe</u>.  <i>Hate</i> is the generic word,
and implies that one is inflamed with extreme dislike. We
<i>abhor</i> what is deeply repugnant to our sensibilities or
feelings. We <i>detest</i> what contradicts so utterly our principles
and moral sentiments that we feel bound to lift up our voice against
it. What we <i>abominate</i> does equal violence to our moral and
religious sentiments. What we <i>loathe</i> is offensive to our own
nature, and excites unmingled disgust. Our Savior is said to have
<i>hated</i> the deeds of the Nicolaitanes; his language shows that
he <i>loathed</i> the lukewarmness of the Laodiceans; he
<i>detested</i> the hypocrisy of the scribes and Pharisees; he
<i>abhorred</i> the suggestions of the tempter in the wilderness.</p>

<p><hw>Hate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hate</i>, <i>hete</i>,
AS. <i>hete</i>; akin to D. <i>haat</i>, G. <i>hass</i>, Icel.
<i>hatr</i>, SW. <i>hat</i>, Dan. <i>had</i>, Goth. <i>hatis</i>.
Cf. <u>Hate</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Strong aversion coupled
with desire that evil should befall the person toward whom the
feeling is directed; as exercised toward things, intense dislike;
hatred; detestation; -- opposed to <i>love</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For in a wink the false love turns to
<i>hate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hate"ful</hw> (-f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Manifesting hate or hatred; malignant;
malevolent.</def> [Archaic or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And worse than death, to view with <i>hateful</i>
eyes<BR>
His rival's conquest.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exciting or deserving great dislike,
aversion, or disgust; odious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unhappy, wretched, <i>hateful</i> day!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Odious; detestable; abominable; execrable;
loathsome; abhorrent; repugnant; malevolent.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Hate"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Hate"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hat"el</hw> (h&amacr;t"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hateful; detestable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hat"er</hw> (h&amacr;t"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who hates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An enemy to God, and a <i>hater</i> of all
good.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hath</hw> (h&abreve;th), <pos><i>3d pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Have</u>, contracted from <i>haveth</i>.
<def>Has.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Hat"less</hw> (h&abreve;t"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having no hat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hat"rack`</hw> (h&abreve;t"r&abreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A hatstand; hattree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"tred</hw> (h&amacr;"tr&ebreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>hatred</i>, <i>hatreden</i>. See <u>Hate</u>, and cf.
<u>Kindred</u>.] <def>Strong aversion; intense dislike; hate; an
affection of the mind awakened by something regarded as
evil.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Odium; ill will; enmity; hate; animosity;
malevolence; rancor; malignity; detestation; loathing; abhorrence;
repugnance; antipathy. See <u>Odium</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hat"stand`</hw> (h&abreve;t"st&abreve;nd`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stand of wood or iron, with hooks or pegs
upon which to hang hats, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hat"te</hw> (h&auml;t"t<i>e</i>), <def><pos><i>pres. &amp; imp.
sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> of <u>Hote</u>, to be called. See
<u>Hote</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A full perilous place, purgatory it
<i>hatte</i>.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hat"ted</hw> (h&abreve;t"t&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Covered with a hat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hat"ter</hw> (-t&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Prov. E.,
to entangle; cf. LG. ver<i>haddern</i>, ver<i>heddern</i>,
ver<i>hiddern</i>.] <def>To tire or worry; -- with <i>out</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes or sells
hats.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hat*te"ri*a</hw> (h&abreve;t*t&emacr;"r&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A New Zealand
lizard, which, in anatomical character, differs widely from all other
existing lizards. It is the only living representative of the order
<i>Rhynchocephala</i>, of which many Mesozoic fossil species are
known; -- called also <i>Sphenodon</i>, and <i>Tuatera</i>. See
<u>Rhynchocephala</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hat"ting</hw> (h&abreve;t"t&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The business of making hats; also, stuff for hats.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hat"ti-sher`if</hw>
(h&abreve;t"t&ibreve;*sh&ebreve;r`&ibreve;f or
h&auml;t"t&emacr;*sh&asl;*r&emacr;f"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.,
fr. Ar. <i>khatt</i> a writing + <i>sher&imacr;f</i> noble.] <def>A
irrevocable Turkish decree countersigned by the sultan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hat"tree`</hw> (h&abreve;t"tr&emacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A hatstand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hau*ber"ge*on</hw> (h&add;*b&etilde;r"j&esl;*&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Habergeon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hau"berk</hw> (h&add;"b&etilde;rk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>hauberc</i>, <i>halberc</i>, F. <i>haubert</i>, OHG.
<i>halsberc</i>; <i>hals</i> neck + <i>bergan</i> to protect, G.
<i>bergen</i>; akin to AS. <i>healsbeorg</i>, Icel.
<i>h&amacr;lsbj&ouml;rg</i>. See <u>Collar</u>, and <u>Bury</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A coat of mail; especially, the long
coat of mail of the European Middle Ages, as contrasted with the
habergeon, which is shorter and sometimes sleeveless. By old writers
it is often used synonymously with <i>habergeon</i>. See
<u>Habergeon</u>.</def> [Written variously <i>hauberg</i>,
<i>hauberque</i>, <i>hawberk</i>, etc.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Helm, nor <i>hawberk's</i> twisted mail.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hau"er*ite</hw> (h&add;"&etilde;r*&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Von <i>Hauer</i>, of Vienna.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native sulphide of manganese, a reddish brown or
brownish black mineral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haugh</hw> (h&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Haw</u> a
hedge.] <def>A low-lying meadow by the side of a river.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>On a <i>haugh</i> or level plain, near to a royal
borough.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haught</hw> (h&add;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Haughty</u>.] <def>High; elevated; hence, haughty; proud.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haugh"ti*ly</hw> (h&add;"t&ibreve;*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Haughty</u>.] <def>In a haughty
manner; arrogantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haugh"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>hauteinness</i>. See <u>Haughty</u>.] <def>The quality of being
haughty; disdain; arrogance.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Arrogance; disdain; contemptuousness;
superciliousness; loftiness.  -- <u>Haughtiness</u>,
<u>Arrogance</u>, <u>Disdain</u>. <i>Haughtiness</i> denotes the
expression of conscious and proud superiority; <i>arrogance</i> is a
disposition to claim for one's self more than is justly due, and
enforce it to the utmost; <i>disdain</i> in the exact reverse of
condescension toward inferiors, since it expresses and desires others
to feel how far below ourselves we consider them. A person is
<i>haughty</i> in disposition and demeanor; <i>arrogant</i> in his
claims of homage and deference; <i>disdainful</i> even in accepting
the deference which his <i>haughtiness</i> leads him
<i>arrogantly</i> to exact.</p>

<p><hw>Haugh"ty</hw> (-t&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Haughtier</u> (-t&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Haughtiest</u>.] [OE. <i>hautein</i>, F.
<i>hautain</i>, fr. <i>haut</i> high, OF. also <i>halt</i>, fr. L.
<i>altus</i>. See <u>Altitude</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>High; lofty; bold.</def> [Obs. or
Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>To measure the most <i>haughty</i> mountain's
height.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Equal unto this <i>haughty</i>
enterprise.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disdainfully or contemptuously proud;
arrogant; overbearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman of a <i>haughty</i> and imperious
nature.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Indicating haughtiness; as, a
<i>haughty</i> carriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Satan, with vast and <i>haughty</i> strides
advanced,<BR>
Came towering.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haul</hw> (h&add;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hauled</u> (h&add;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hauling</u>.] [OE. <i>halen</i>, <i>halien</i>, F.
<i>haler</i>, of German or Scand. origin; akin to AS. <i>geholian</i>
to acquire, get, D. <i>halen</i> to fetch, pull, draw, OHG.
<i>hol&omacr;n</i>, <i>hal&omacr;n</i>, G. <i>holen</i>, Dan.
<i>hale</i> to haul, Sw. <i>hala</i>, and to L. <i>calare</i> to
call, summon, Gr. <grk>kalei^n</grk> to call.  Cf. <u>Hale</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Claim</u>. <u>Class</u>, <u>Council</u>,
<u>Ecclesiastic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pull or draw with
force; to drag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some dance, some <i>haul</i> the rope.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thither they bent, and <i>hauled</i> their ships to
land.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Romp-loving miss<BR>
Is <i>hauled</i> about in gallantry robust.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To transport by drawing, as with horses or
oxen; as, to <i>haul</i> logs to a sawmill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When I was seven or eight years of age, I began
<i>hauling</i> all the wood used in the house and shops.</blockquote>
<i>U. S. Grant.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To haul over the coals</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Coal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To haul the wind</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to turn the head of the ship nearer to the point
from which the wind blows.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Haul</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To change the direction of a ship by hauling the
wind. See under <u>Haul</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . <i>hauled</i> up for it, and found it to be an
island.</blockquote> <i>Cook.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pull apart, as oxen sometimes do when
yoked.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To haul around</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to shift to
any point of the compass; -- said of the wind.</cd> -- <col><b>To
haul off</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to sail closer to the wind, in
order to get farther away from anything; hence, to withdraw; to draw
back.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Haul</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
pulling with force; a violent pull.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A single draught of a net; as, to catch a
hundred fish at a <i>haul</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is caught, taken, or gained at
once, as by hauling a net.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Transportation by hauling; the distance
through which anything is hauled, as freight in a railroad car; as, a
long <i>haul</i> or short <i>haul</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Rope Making)</i> <def>A bundle of about
four hundred threads, to be tarred.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haul"age</hw> (-&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
hauling; as, the <i>haulage</i> of cars by an engine; charge for
hauling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haul"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hauls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haulm</hw> (h&add;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>halm</i>,
AS. <i>healm</i>; akin to D., G., Dan., &amp; Sw. <i>halm</i>, Icel.
<i>h&amacr;lmr</i>, L. <i>calamus</i> reed, cane, stalk, Gr.
<grk>kalamo`s</grk>.  Cf. <u>Excel</u>, <u>Culminate</u>,
<u>Culm</u>, <u>Shawm</u>, <u>Calamus</u>.] <def>The denuded stems or
stalks of such crops as buckwheat and the cereal grains, beans, etc.;
straw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haulm</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A part of a harness; a
hame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hauls</hw> (h&add;ls), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Hals</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haulse</hw> (h&add;ls), <pos><i>v.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Halse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hault</hw> (h&add;lt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>hault</i>,
F. <i>haut</i>. See <u>Haughty</u>.] <def>Lofty; haughty.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Through support of countenance proud and
<i>hault</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haum</hw> (h&add;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Haulm</u>, stalk.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haunce</hw> (h&adot;ns), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
enhance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haunch</hw> (h&auml;nch; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hanche</i>, of German origin; cf. OD. <i>hancke</i>,
<i>hencke</i>, and also OHG. <i>ancha</i>; prob. not akin to E.
<i>ankle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The hip; the projecting region
of the lateral parts of the pelvis and the hip joint; the hind
part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of meats: The leg and loin taken together;
as, a <i>haunch</i> of venison.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Haunch bone</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Innominate bone</i>,
under <u>Innominate</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Haunches of an
arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the parts on each side of the
crown of an arch. (See <u>Crown</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 11.) Each
<i>haunch</i> may be considered as from one half to two thirds of the
half arch.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Haunched</hw> (h&auml;ncht), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
haunches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haunt</hw> (h&auml;nt; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Haunted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Haunting</u>.] [F. <i>hanter</i>; of uncertain
origin, perh. from an assumed LL. <i>ambitare</i> to go about, fr. L.
<i>ambire</i> (see <u>Ambition</u>); or cf. Icel. <i>heimta</i> to
demand, regain, akin to <i>heim</i> home (see <u>Home</u>).
&radic;36.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To frequent; to resort to
frequently; to visit pertinaciously or intrusively; to intrude
upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You wrong me, sir, thus still to <i>haunt</i> my
house.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those cares that <i>haunt</i> the court and
town.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inhabit or frequent as a specter; to
visit as a ghost or apparition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foul spirits <i>haunt</i> my resting
place.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To practice; to devote one's self
to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That other merchandise that men <i>haunt</i> with
fraud . . . is cursed.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Leave honest pleasure, and <i>haunt</i> no good
pastime.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To accustom; to habituate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Haunt</i> thyself to pity.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haunt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To persist in staying
or visiting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I've charged thee not to <i>haunt</i> about my
doors.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
place to which one frequently resorts; as, drinking saloons are the
<i>haunts</i> of tipplers; a den is the <i>haunt</i> of wild
beasts.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Old English the place occupied by any one as a dwelling
or in his business was called a <i>haunt</i>.</p>

<p>Often used figuratively. </p>

<p><blockquote>The household nook,<BR>
The <i>haunt</i> of all affections pure.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The feeble soul, a <i>haunt</i> of fears.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The habit of resorting to a place.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>haunt</i> you have got about the
courts.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Practice; skill.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of clothmaking she hadde such an
<i>haunt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haunt"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inhabited by, or
subject to the visits of, apparitions; frequented by a
ghost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All houses wherein men have lived and died<BR>
Are <i>haunted</i> houses.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haunt"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, haunts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hau"ri*ent</hw> (h&add;"r&ibreve;*<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hauriens</i>, p. pr. of <i>haurire</i> to
breathe.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>In pale, with the head in chief; -- said
of the figure of a fish, as if rising for air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hau"sen</hw> (h&add;"s&ebreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large sturgeon (<i>Acipenser huso</i>)
from the region of the Black Sea. It is sometimes twelve feet
long.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hausse</hw> (h&add;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Gun.)</i>
<def>A kind of graduated breech sight for a small arm, or a
cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Haus`tel*la"ta</hw> (h&add;s`t&ebreve;l*l&amacr;"t&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. <i>haustellum</i>, fr. L.
<i>haurire</i>, <i>haustum</i>, to draw water, to swallow. See
<u>Exhaust</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An artificial division of
insects, including all those with a sucking proboscis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haus"tel*late</hw> (h&add;s"t&ebreve;l*l&asl;t or
h&add;s*t&ebreve;l"l&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Haustellata</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Provided with a
haustellum, or sucking proboscis.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One of the Haustellata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Haus*tel"lum</hw> (h&add;s*t&ebreve;l"l&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Haustella</b></plw> (-
l&adot;). [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sucking proboscis of
various insects. See <u>Lepidoptera</u>, and
<u>Diptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Haus*to"ri*um</hw> (-t&omacr;"r&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Haustoria</b></plw> (-
&adot;). [LL., a well, fr. L. <i>haurire</i>, <i>haustum</i>, to
drink.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the suckerlike rootlets of such
plants as the dodder and ivy.</def>  <i>R. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haut</hw> (h&add;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Haughty</u>.] <def>Haughty.</def> [Obs.] "Nations proud and
<i>haut</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haut"boy</hw> (h&omacr;"boi), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hautbois</i>, lit., high wood; <i>haut</i> high + <i>bois</i>
wood. So called on account of its high tone. See <u>Haughty</u>,
<u>Bush</u>; and cf. <u>Oboe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A wind instrument, sounded through a reed, and similar in shape
to the clarinet, but with a thinner tone. Now more commonly called
<i>oboe</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Oboe</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A sort of strawberry
(<i>Fragaria elatior</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Haut"boy*ist</hw> (-&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hautbo&iuml;ste</i>.] <def>A player on the hautboy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hau"tein</hw> (h&omacr;"t&asl;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Haughty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Haughty; proud.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>High; -- said of the voice or flight of
birds.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Hau`teur"</hw> (h&omacr;`t&etilde;r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., fr. <i>haut</i> high. See <u>Haughty</u>.] <def>Haughty manner
or spirit; haughtiness; pride; arrogance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Haut`go&ucirc;t"</hw> (h&omacr;`g&oomac;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>High relish or flavor; high
seasoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Haut`pas"</hw> (h&omacr;`p&auml;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>haut</i> high + <i>pas</i> step.] <def>A raised part of the floor
of a large room; a platform for a raised table or throne. See
<u>Dais</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 675 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>Ha"&uuml;y*nite</hw> (&auml;"w&esl;*n&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the French mineralogist <i>Ha&uuml;y</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A blue isometric mineral, characteristic of some
volcanic rocks. It is a silicate of alumina, lime, and soda, with
sulphate of lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha*van"a</hw> (h&adot;*v&abreve;n"&adot;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Havana, the capital of
the island of Cuba; as, an <i>Havana</i> cigar</def>; -- formerly
sometimes written <i>Havannah</i>. -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
Havana cigar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Young Frank Clavering stole his father's
<i>Havannahs</i>, and . . . smoked them in the stable.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hav`an*ese"</hw> (h&abreve;v`&abreve;n*&emacr;z" or -
&emacr;s"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Havana, in
Cuba.</def> -- <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant, or the people, of Havana.</def></p>

<p><hw>Have</hw> (h&abreve;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Had</u> (h&abreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Having</u>. <pos><i>Indic. present</i></pos>, I
<u>have</u>, thou <u>hast</u>, he <u>has</u>; we, ye, they
<u>have</u>.] [OE. <i>haven</i>, <i>habben</i>, AS. <i>habben</i>
(imperf. <i>h&aelig;fde</i>, p. p. <i>geh&aelig;fd</i>); akin to OS.
<i>hebbian</i>, D. <i>hebben</i>, OFries. <i>hebba</i>, OHG.
<i>hab&emacr;n</i>, G. <i>haben</i>, Icel. <i>hafa</i>, Sw.
<i>hafva</i>, Dan. <i>have</i>, Goth. <i>haban</i>, and prob. to L.
<i>habere</i>, whence F. <i>avoir</i>.  Cf. <u>Able</u>,
<u>Avoirdupois</u>, <u>Binnacle</u>, <u>Habit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hold in possession or control; to own; as,
he <i>has</i> a farm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To possess, as something which appertains
to, is connected with, or affects, one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth <i>hath</i> bubbles, as the water
<i>has</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>had</i> a fever late.</blockquote>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To accept possession of; to take or
accept.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Break thy mind to me in broken English; wilt thou
<i>have</i> me?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To get possession of; to obtain; to
get.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause or procure to be; to effect; to
exact; to desire; to require.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>had</i> the church accurately described to
me.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wouldst thou <i>have</i> me turn traitor
also?</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To bear, as young; as, she has just
<i>had</i> a child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To hold, regard, or esteem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of them shall I be <i>had</i> in honor.</blockquote>
<i>2 Sam. vi. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To cause or force to go; to take.</def>
"The stars <i>have</i> us to bed." <i>Herbert.</i> "<i>Have</i> out
all men from me." <i>2 Sam. xiii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To take or hold (one's self); to proceed
promptly; -- used reflexively, often with ellipsis of the pronoun;
as, to <i>have</i> after one; to <i>have</i> at one or at a thing,
<i>i. e.</i>, to aim at one or at a thing; to attack; to <i>have</i>
with a companion.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To be under necessity or obligation; to
be compelled; followed by an infinitive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Science <i>has</i>, and will long <i>have</i>, to be a
divider and a separatist.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The laws of philology <i>have</i> to be established by
external comparison and induction.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To understand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>have</i> me, have you not?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To put in an awkward position; to have
the advantage of; as, that is where he <i>had</i> him.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Have</i>, as an auxiliary verb, is used with the past
participle to form preterit tenses; as, I <i>have</i> loved; I shall
<i>have</i> eaten. Originally it was used only with the participle of
transitive verbs, and denoted the possession of the object in the
state indicated by the participle; as, <i>I have conquered him</i>, I
have or hold him in a conquered state; but it has long since lost
this independent significance, and is used with the participles both
of transitive and intransitive verbs as a device for expressing past
time. <i>Had</i> is used, especially in poetry, for <i>would have</i>
or <i>should have</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Myself for such a face <i>had</i> boldly
died.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To have a care</b></col>, <cd>to take care; to be on one's
guard.</cd> -- <col><b>To have (a man) out</b></col>, <cd>to engage
(one) in a duel.</cd> -- <col><b>To have done</b></col> (with).
<cd>See under <u>Do</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To
have it out</b></col>, <cd>to speak freely; to bring an affair to a
conclusion.</cd> -- <col><b>To have on</b></col>, <cd>to wear.</cd> -
- <col><b>To have to do with</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Do</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To possess; to own. See <u>Possess</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Have"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having little or
nothing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hav"e*lock</hw> (h&abreve;v"&esl;*l&obreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Havelock</i>, an English general
distinguished in India in the rebellion of 1857.] <def>A light cloth
covering for the head and neck, used by soldiers as a protection from
sunstroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"ven</hw> (h&amacr;"v'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&aelig;fene</i>; akin to D. &amp; LG. <i>haven</i>, G. <i>hafen</i>,
MHG. <i>habe</i>, Dan. <i>havn</i>, Icel. <i>h&ouml;fn</i>, Sw.
<i>hamn</i>; akin to E. <i>have</i>, and hence orig., a holder; or to
<i>heave</i> (see <u>Heave</u>); or akin to AS. <i>h&aelig;f</i> sea,
Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>haf</i>, Dan. <i>hav</i>, which is perh. akin to E.
<i>heave</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bay, recess, or inlet of the
sea, or the mouth of a river, which affords anchorage and shelter for
shipping; a harbor; a port.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What shipping and what lading 's in our
<i>haven</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>haven</i> under the hill.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of safety; a shelter; an
asylum.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>haven</i>, or the rock of love.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha"ven</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shelter, as in a
haven.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha"ven*age</hw> (-&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Harbor
dues; port dues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"vened</hw> (h&amacr;"v'nd), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<def>Sheltered in a haven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blissful <i>havened</i> both from joy and
pain.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha"ven*er</hw> (h&amacr;"v'n*&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A harbor master.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ha"ver</hw> (h&abreve;v"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A possessor; a holder.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hav"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>haver</i>; akin to G.
<i>haber</i>.] <def>The oat; oats.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Haver bread</b></col>, <cd>oaten bread.</cd> --
<col><b>Haver cake</b></col>, <cd>oaten cake.</cd> <i>Piers
Plowman.</i> -- <col><b>Haver grass</b></col>, <cd>the wild oat.</cd>
-- <col><b>Haver meal</b></col>, <cd>oatmeal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ha"ver</hw> (h&amacr;"v&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[Etymol. uncertain.] <def>To maunder; to talk foolishly; to
chatter.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hav"er*sack</hw> (h&abreve;v"&etilde;r*s&abreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>havresac</i>, G. <i>habersack</i>, sack
for oats. See 2d <u>Haver</u>, and <u>Sack</u> a bag.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bag for oats or oatmeal.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bag or case, usually of stout cloth, in
which a soldier carries his rations when on a march; -- distinguished
from <i>knapsack</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gunner's case or bag used to carry
cartridges from the ammunition chest to the piece in
loading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha*ver"sian</hw> (h&adot;*v&etilde;r"sh<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or discovered by, Clopton
<i>Havers</i>, an English physician of the seventeenth
century.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Haversian canals</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the small
canals through which the blood vessels ramify in bone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Hav`il*dar"</hw> (h&abreve;v`&ibreve;l*d&auml;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In the British Indian armies, a
noncommissioned officer of native soldiers, corresponding to a
sergeant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Havildar major</b></col>, <cd>a native sergeant major in
the East Indian army.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hav"ing</hw> (h&abreve;v"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Possession; goods; estate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll lend you something; my <i>having</i> is not
much.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hav"ior</hw> (h&amacr;v"y&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>havour</i>, a corruption of OF. <i>aveir</i>, <i>avoir</i>, a
having, of same origin as E. <i>aver</i> a work horse. The <i>h</i>
is due to confusion with E. <i>have</i>.] <def>Behavior;
demeanor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hav"oc</hw> (h&abreve;v"&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W.
<i>hafog</i> devastation, havoc; or, if this be itself fr. E.
<i>havoc</i>, cf. OE. <i>havot</i>, or AS. <i>hafoc</i> hawk, which
is a cruel or rapacious bird, or F. <i>hai, voux!</i> a cry to
hounds.] <def>Wide and general destruction; devastation;
waste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As for Saul, he made <i>havoc</i> of the
church.</blockquote> <i>Acts viii. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye gods, what <i>havoc</i> does ambition make<BR>
Among your works!</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hav"oc</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To devastate; to
destroy; to lay waste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To waste and <i>havoc</i> yonder world.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hav"oc</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [See <u>Havoc</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A cry in war as the signal for
indiscriminate slaughter.</def>  <i>Toone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not cry <i>havoc</i>, where you should but hunt<BR>
With modest warrant.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cry '<i>havoc</i>,' and let slip the dogs of
war!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haw</hw> (h&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hawe</i>, AS.
<i>haga</i>; akin to D. <i>haag</i> headge, G. <i>hag</i>,
<i>hecke</i>, Icel. <i>hagi</i> pasture, Sw. <i>hage</i>, Dan.
<i>have</i> garden.  &radic;12.  Cf. <u>Haggard</u>, <u>Ha-ha</u>,
<u>Haugh</u>, <u>Hedge</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hedge; an inclosed garden or
yard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And eke there was a polecat in his
<i>haw</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fruit of the hawthorn.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The third eyelid, or nictitating membrane. See
<i>Nictitating membrane</i>, under <u>Nictitate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>ha</i> an interjection
of wonder, surprise, or hesitation.] <def>An intermission or
hesitation of speech, with a sound somewhat like <i>haw!</i> also,
the sound so made.</def> "Hums or <i>haws</i>."  <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stop, in speaking,
with a sound like <i>haw</i>; to speak with interruption and
hesitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cut it short; don't prose -- don't hum and
<i>haw</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hawed</u> (h&add;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hawing</u>.] [Written also <i>hoi</i>.] [Perhaps
connected with <i>here</i>, <i>hither</i>; cf., however, F.
<i>huhau</i>, <i>hurhau</i>, <i>hue</i>, interj. used in turning a
horse to the right, G. <i>hott</i>, <i>h&uuml;</i>, interj. used in
calling to a horse.] <def>To turn to the near side, or toward the
driver; -- said of cattle or a team: a word used by teamsters in
guiding their teams, and most frequently in the imperative. See
<u>Gee</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To haw and gee</b></col>, or <col><b>To haw and gee
about</b></col>, <cd>to go from one thing to another without good
reason; to have no settled purpose; to be irresolute or
unstable.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Haw</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to turn, as a
team, to the near side, or toward the driver; as, to <i>haw</i> a
team of oxen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To haw and gee</b></col>, or <col><b>To haw and gee
about</b></col>, <cd>to lead this way and that at will; to lead by
the nose; to master or control.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Ha*wai"ian</hw> (h&adot;*w&imacr;"y<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to Hawaii or the Sandwich
Islands, or to the people of Hawaii.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A native of Hawaii.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hawe"bake`</hw> (h&add;"b&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Probably, the baked berry of the hawthorn tree, that is, coarse
fare. See 1st <u>Haw</u>, 2.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haw"finch`</hw> (h&add;"f&ibreve;nch`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common European grosbeak
(<i>Coccothraustes vulgaris</i>); -- called also <i>cherry finch</i>,
and <i>coble</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haw-haw"</hw> (h&add;*h&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Duplication of <i>haw</i> a hedge.] <def>See <u>Ha-ha</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haw*haw"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Of imitative origin.]
<def>To laugh boisterously.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>haw-haw'd</i>, I tell you, for more than half an
hour.</blockquote> <i>Major Jack Downing.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hawk</hw> (h&add;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hauk</i>
(prob. fr. Icel.), <i>havek</i>, AS. <i>hafoc</i>, <i>heafoc</i>;
akin to D. <i>havik</i>, OHG. <i>habuh</i>, G. <i>habicht</i>, Icel.
<i>haukr</i>, Sw. <i>h&ouml;k</i>, Dan. <i>h&ouml;g</i>, prob. from
the root of E. <i>heave</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
numerous species and genera of rapacious birds of the family
<i>Falconid&aelig;</i>.  They differ from the true falcons in lacking
the prominent tooth and notch of the bill, and in having shorter and
less pointed wings. Many are of large size and grade into the eagles.
Some, as the goshawk, were formerly trained like falcons.  In a more
general sense the word is not infrequently applied, also, to true
falcons, as the sparrow <i>hawk</i>, pigeon <i>hawk</i>, duck
<i>hawk</i>, and prairie <i>hawk</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the common American species are the red-tailed hawk
(<i>Buteo borealis</i>); the red-shouldered (<i>B. lineatus</i>); the
broad-winged (<i>B. Pennsylvanicus</i>); the rough-legged
(<i>Archibuteo lagopus</i>); the sharp-shinned (<i>Accipiter
fuscus</i>).  See <u>Fishhawk</u>, <u>Goshawk</u>, <i>Marsh hawk</i>,
under <u>Marsh</u>, <i>Night hawk</i>, under <u>Night</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Bee hawk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the honey
buzzard.</cd> -- <col><b>Eagle hawk</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Eagle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hawk eagle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Asiatic bird of the genus
<i>Spiz&aelig;tus</i>, or <i>Limn&aelig;tus</i>, intermediate between
the hawks and eagles. There are several species.</cd> -- <col><b>Hawk
fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a voracious fly of the family
<i>Asilid&aelig;</i>. See <i>Hornet fly</i>, under
<u>Hornet</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hawk moth</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Hawk moth</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd>
-- <col><b>Hawk owl</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A northern owl (<i>Surnia ulula</i>) of
Europe and America. It flies by day, and in some respects resembles
the hawks.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An owl of India (<i>Ninox
scutellatus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Hawk's bill</b></col>
<i>(Horology)</i>, <cd>the pawl for the rack, in the striking
mechanism of a clock.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hawk</hw> (h&add;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hawked</u> (h&add;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hawking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To catch, or
attempt to catch, birds by means of hawks trained for the purpose,
and let loose on the prey; to practice falconry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A falconer Henry is, when Emma
<i>hawks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make an attack while on the wing; to
soar and strike like a hawk; -- generally with <i>at</i>; as, to
<i>hawk</i> at flies.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A falcon, towering in her pride of place,<BR>
Was by a mousing owl <i>hawked</i> at and killed.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hawk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [W. <i>hochi</i>.] <def>To
clear the throat with an audible sound by forcing an expiratory
current of air through the narrow passage between the depressed soft
palate and the root of the tongue, thus aiding in the removal of
foreign substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hawk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To raise by hawking,
as phlegm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hawk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>hoch</i>.] <def>An
effort to force up phlegm from the throat, accompanied with
noise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hawk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Akin to D. <i>hauker</i> a
hawker, G. <i>h&ouml;ken</i>, <i>h&ouml;cken</i>, to higgle, to
retail, <i>h&ouml;ke</i>, <i>h&ouml;ker</i>, a higgler, huckster. See
<u>Huckster</u>.] <def>To offer for sale by outcry in the street; to
carry (merchandise) about from place to place for sale; to peddle;
as, to <i>hawk</i> goods or pamphlets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His works were <i>hawked</i> in every
street.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hawk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>A small
board, with a handle on the under side, to hold mortar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hawk boy</b></col>, <cd>an attendant on a plasterer to
supply him with mortar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hawk"bill`</hw> (-b&ibreve;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea turtle (<i>Eretmochelys
imbricata</i>), which yields the best quality of tortoise shell; --
called also <i>caret</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hawk"bit`</hw> (-b&ibreve;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fall dandelion (<i>Leontodon
autumnale</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Hawked</hw> (h&add;kt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Curved like
a hawk's bill; crooked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hawk"er</hw> (h&add;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who sells wares by crying them in the street; hence, a
peddler or a packman.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hawk"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sell goods by
outcry in the street.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hawk"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>hafecere</i>.
See 1st <u>Hawk</u>.] <def>A falconer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hawk"ey</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hockey</u>.</def>  <i>Holloway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hawk"-eyed`</hw> (-&imacr;d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a keen eye; sharpsighted; discerning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hawk" moth`</hw> (m&obreve;th`; 115). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any moth of the family <i>Sphingid&aelig;</i>, of which there
are numerous genera and species.  They are large, handsome moths,
which fly mostly at twilight and hover about flowers like a humming
bird, sucking the honey by means of a long, slender proboscis.  The
larv&aelig; are large, hairless caterpillars ornamented with green
and other bright colors, and often with a caudal spine. See
<u>Sphinx</u>, also <i>Tobacco worm</i>, and <i>Tomato
worm</i>.</def></p>

<p>Tobacco Hawk Moth (<i>Macrosila Carolina</i>), and its Larva, the
Tobacco Worm.</p>

<p>&fist; The larv&aelig; of several species of hawk moths feed on
grapevines. The elm-tree hawk moth is <i>Ceratomia Amyntor</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Hawk"weed`</hw> (-w&emacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Hieracium</i>; -- so called from the ancient belief that birds of
prey used its juice to strengthen their vision.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A plant of the genus <i>Senecio</i> (<i>S.
hieracifolius</i>).</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hawm</hw> (h&add;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Haulm</u>, straw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hawm</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>To lounge; to loiter.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hawse</hw> (h&add;z or h&add;s; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Orig. a <i>hawse hole</i>, or hole in the bow of the ship; cf. Icel.
<i>hals</i>, <i>h&amacr;ls</i>, neck, part of the bows of a ship, AS.
<i>heals</i> neck. See <u>Collar</u>, and cf. <u>Halse</u> to
embrace.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hawse hole.</def>
<i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
situation of the cables when a vessel is moored with two anchors, one
on the starboard, the other on the port bow.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The distance ahead to which the cables
usually extend; as, the ship has a clear or open <i>hawse</i>, or a
foul <i>hawse</i>; to anchor in our <i>hawse</i>, or athwart
<i>hawse</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>That part of a vessel's
bow in which are the hawse holes for the cables.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Athwart hawse</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Athwart</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Foul hawse</b></col>, <cd>a hawse in
which the cables cross each other, or are twisted together.</cd> --
<col><b>Hawse block</b></col>, <cd>a block used to stop up a hawse
hole at sea; -- called also <i>hawse plug</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hawse
hole</b></col>, <cd>a hole in the bow of a ship, through which a
cable passes.</cd> -- <col><b>Hawse piece</b></col>, <cd>one of the
foremost timbers of a ship, through which the hawse hole is cut.</cd>
-- <col><b>Hawse plug</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Hawse block</i>
(above).</cd> -- <col><b>To come in at the hawse holes</b></col>,
<cd>to enter the naval service at the lowest grade.</cd> [Cant] --
<col><b>To freshen the hawse</b></col>, <cd>to veer out a little more
cable and bring the chafe and strain on another part.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 676 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>Haws"er</hw> (h&add;z"&etilde;r or h&add;s"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From F. <i>hausser</i> to lift, raise (cf. OF.
<i>hausser&eacute;e</i> towpath, towing, F. <i>haussi&egrave;re</i>
hawser), LL. <i>altiare</i>, fr. L. <i>altus</i> high. See
<u>Haughty</u>.] <def>A large rope made of three strands each
containing many yarns.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Three hawsers twisted together make a cable; but it
nautical usage the distinction between cable and hawser is often one
of size rather than of manufacture.</p>

<p><col><b>Hawser iron</b></col>, <cd>a calking iron.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Haws"er-laid`</hw> (-l&amacr;d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Made in the manner of a hawser.  Cf. <u>Cable-laid</u>, and see
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Cordage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haw"thorn`</hw> (h&add;"th&ocirc;rn`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>haga&thorn;orn</i>, <i>h&aelig;g&thorn;orn</i>. See
<u>Haw</u> a hedge, and <u>Thorn</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A thorny
shrub or tree (the <i>Crat&aelig;gus oxyacantha</i>), having deeply
lobed, shining leaves, small, roselike, fragrant flowers, and a fruit
called <i>haw</i>.  It is much used in Europe for hedges, and for
standards in gardens. The American hawthorn is <i>Crat&aelig;gus
cordata</i>, which has the leaves but little lobed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gives not the <i>hawthorn</i> bush a sweeter shade<BR>
To shepherds?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hay</hw> (h&amacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hege</i>:
cf. F. <i>haie</i>, of German origin. See <u>Haw</u> a hedge,
<u>Hedge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hedge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A net set around the haunt of an animal,
especially of a rabbit.</def>  <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To dance the hay</b></col>, <cd>to dance in a ring.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hay</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lay snares for
rabbits.</def>  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hei</i>, AS.
<i>h&emacr;g</i>; akin to D. <i>hooi</i>, OHG. <i>hewi</i>,
<i>houwi</i>, G. <i>heu</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>h&ouml;</i>, Icel.
<i>hey</i>, <i>ha</i>, Goth. <i>hawi</i> grass, fr. the root of E.
<i>hew</i>. See <u>Hew</u> to cut.] <def>Grass cut and cured for
fodder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make <i>hay</i> while the sun shines.</blockquote>
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hay</i> may be dried too much as well as too
little.</blockquote> <i>C. L. Flint.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hay cap</b></col>, <cd>a canvas covering for a
haycock.</cd> -- <col><b>Hay fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>nasal
catarrh accompanied with fever, and sometimes with paroxysms of
dyspn&oelig;a, to which some persons are subject in the spring and
summer seasons. It has been attributed to the effluvium from hay, and
to the pollen of certain plants. It is also called <i>hay asthma</i>,
<i>hay cold</i>, <i>rose cold</i>, and <i>rose fever</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hay knife</b></col>, <cd>a sharp instrument used in cutting
hay out of a stack or mow.</cd> -- <col><b>Hay press</b></col>, <cd>a
press for baling loose hay.</cd> -- <col><b>Hay tea</b></col>,
<cd>the juice of hay extracted by boiling, used as food for cattle,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Hay tedder</b></col>, <cd>a machine for
spreading and turning new-mown hay. See <u>Tedder</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hay</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cut and cure grass
for hay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hay"bird`</hw> (h&amacr;"b&etilde;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The European spotted
flycatcher.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The European
blackcap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hay"bote`</hw> (h&amacr;"b&omacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Hay</u> hedge, and <u>Bote</u>, and cf. <u>Hedgebote</u>.]
<i>(Eng. Law.)</i> <def>An allowance of wood to a tenant for
repairing his hedges or fences; hedgebote. See <u>Bote</u>.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hay"cock`</hw> (h&amacr;"k&obreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A conical pile or heap of hay in the field.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tanned <i>haycock</i> in the mead.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hay"-cut`ter</hw> (h&amacr;"k&ubreve;t`t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A machine in which hay is chopped short, as
fodder for cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hay"field`</hw> (h&amacr;"f&emacr;ld`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A field where grass for hay has been cut; a meadow.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hay"fork`</hw> (h&amacr;"f&ocirc;rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A fork for pitching and tedding hay.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Horse hayfork</b></col>, <cd>a contrivance for unloading
hay from the cart and depositing it in the loft, or on a mow, by
horse power.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hay"loft`</hw> (h&amacr;"l&obreve;ft`; 115),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A loft or scaffold for hay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hay"mak`er</hw> (h&amacr;"m&amacr;k`&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who cuts and cures
hay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine for curing hay in rainy
weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hay"mak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The operation or
work of cutting grass and curing it for hay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hay"mow`</hw> (h&amacr;"mou`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mow or mass of hay laid up in a barn for
preservation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place in a barn where hay is
deposited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hay"rack`</hw> (h&amacr;"r&abreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A frame mounted on the running gear of a wagon, and used in
hauling hay, straw, sheaves, etc.; -- called also <i>hay
rigging</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hay"rake`</hw> (h&amacr;"r&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A rake for collecting hay; especially, a large rake drawn by a
horse or horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hay"rick`</hw> (-r&ibreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
heap or pile of hay, usually covered with thatch for preservation in
the open air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hay"stack`</hw> (h&amacr;"st&abreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A stack or conical pile of hay in the open air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hay"stalk`</hw> (h&amacr;"st&add;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A stalk of hay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hay"thorn`</hw> (h&amacr;"th&ocirc;rn`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hawthorn.</def>  <i>R. Scot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hay"ti*an</hw> (h&amacr;"t&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of pertaining to Hayti.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of Hayti.</def> [Written also
<i>Haitian</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hay"ward</hw> (h&amacr;"w&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hay</i> a hedge + <i>ward</i>.] <def>An officer who is appointed
to guard hedges, and to keep cattle from breaking or cropping them,
and whose further duty it is to impound animals found running at
large.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haz"ard</hw> (h&abreve;z"&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hasard</i>, Sp. <i>azar</i> an unforeseen disaster or accident, an
unfortunate card or throw at dice, prob. fr. Ar. <i>zahr</i>,
<i>z&amacr;r</i>, a die, which, with the article <i>al</i> the, would
give <i>azzahr</i>, <i>azz&amacr;r</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
game of chance played with dice.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The uncertain result of throwing a die;
hence, a fortuitous event; chance; accident; casualty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will stand the <i>hazard</i> of the
die.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Risk; danger; peril; as, he encountered
the enemy at the <i>hazard</i> of his reputation and life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men are led on from one stage of life to another in a
condition of the utmost <i>hazard</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>Holing a ball, whether
the object ball (winning <i>hazard</i>) or the player's ball (losing
<i>hazard</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Anything that is hazarded or risked, as
the stakes in gaming.</def> "Your latter <i>hazard</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hazard table</b></col>, <cd>a table on which hazard is
played, or any game of chance for stakes.</cd> -- <col><b>To run the
hazard</b></col>, <cd>to take the chance or risk.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Danger; risk; chance. See <u>Danger</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Haz"ard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hazarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hazarding</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>hasarder</i>. See <u>Hazard</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To expose to the operation of chance; to
put in danger of loss or injury; to venture; to risk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men <i>hazard</i> nothing by a course of evangelical
obedience.</blockquote> <i>John Clarke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>hazards</i> his neck to the halter.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To venture to incur, or bring
on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>hazarded</i> the loss of whom I
loved.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>hazard</i> to cut their feet.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To venture; risk; jeopard; peril; endanger.</p>

<p><hw>Haz"ard</hw> (h&abreve;z"&etilde;rd), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To try the chance; to encounter risk or danger.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haz"ard*a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Liable to hazard or chance; uncertain;
risky.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Such as can be hazarded or
risked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haz"ard*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A player at the game of hazard; a
gamester.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who hazards or ventures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haz"ard*ize</hw> (-&imacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
hazardous attempt or situation; hazard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Herself had run into that
<i>hazardize</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haz"ard*ous</hw> (-&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hasardeux</i>.] <def>Exposed to hazard; dangerous;
risky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To enterprise so <i>hazardous</i> and
high!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Perilous; dangerous; bold; daring; adventurous;
venturesome; precarious; uncertain.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Haz"ard*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Haz"ard*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Haz"ard*ry</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Playing at hazard; gaming; gambling.</def>
[R.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rashness; temerity.</def> [R.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haze</hw> (h&amacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>h&ouml;ss</i> gray; akin to AS. <i>hasu</i>, <i>heasu</i>, gray;
or Armor. <i>a&eacute;zen</i>, <i>&eacute;zen</i>, warm vapor,
exhalation, zephyr.] <def>Light vapor or smoke in the air which more
or less impedes vision, with little or no dampness; a lack of
transparency in the air; hence, figuratively, obscurity;
dimness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'er the sky<BR>
The silvery <i>haze</i> of summer drawn.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Above the world's uncertain <i>haze</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be hazy, or thick
with haze.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hazed</u> (h&amacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hazing</u>.] [Also <i>hase</i>.] [Cf. Sw. <i>haza</i>
to hamstring, fr. <i>has</i> hough, OD. <i>h&aelig;ssen</i> ham.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To harass by exacting unnecessary,
disagreeable, or difficult work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To harass or annoy by playing abusive or
shameful tricks upon; to humiliate by practical jokes; -- used esp.
of college students; as, the sophomores <i>hazed</i> a
freshman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"zel</hw> (h&amacr;"z'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>hasel</i>, AS. <i>h&aelig;sel</i>; akin to D. <i>hazelaar</i>, G.
<i>hazel</i>, OHG. <i>hasal</i>, <i>hasala</i>, Icel. <i>hasl</i>,
Dan &amp; Sw. <i>hassel</i>, L. <i>corylus</i>, for <i>cosylus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A shrub or small tree of the
genus <i>Corylus</i>, as the <i>C. avellana</i>, bearing a nut
containing a kernel of a mild, farinaceous taste; the filbert. The
American species are <i>C. Americana</i>, which produces the common
hazelnut, and <i>C. rostrata</i>. See <u>Filbert</u>.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A miner's name for freestone.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hazel earth</b></col>, <cd>soil suitable for the hazel; a
fertile loam.</cd> -- <col><b>Hazel grouse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European grouse (<i>Bonasa betulina</i>),
allied to the American ruffed grouse.</cd> -- <col><b>Hazel
hoe</b></col>, <cd>a kind of grub hoe.</cd> -- <col><b>Witch
hazel</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Witch-hazel</u>, and
<u>Hamamelis</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ha"zel</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of hazels, or of the wood of the hazel; pertaining
to, or derived from, the hazel; as, a <i>hazel</i> wand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I sit me down beside the <i>hazel</i>
grove.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of a light brown color, like the
hazelnut.</def> "Thou hast <i>hazel</i> eyes."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Haze"less</hw> (h&amacr;z"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Destitute of haze.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha"zel*ly</hw> (h&amacr;"z'l*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of the color of the hazelnut; of a light brown.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha"zel*nut`</hw> (h&amacr;"z'l*n&ubreve;t`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>h&aelig;selhnutu</i>.] <def>The nut of
the hazel.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ha"zel*wort`</hw> (-w&ubreve;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The asarabacca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"zi*ly</hw> (h&amacr;"z&ibreve;*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a hazy manner; mistily; obscurely;
confusedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"zi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being hazy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ha"zle</hw> (h&amacr;"z'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
make dry; to dry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ha"zy</hw> (h&amacr;"z&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Haze</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thick with
haze; somewhat obscured with haze; not clear or transparent.</def> "A
tender, <i>hazy</i> brightness."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obscure; confused; not clear; as, a
<i>hazy</i> argument; a <i>hazy</i> intellect.</def>  <i>Mrs.
Gore.</i></p>

<p><hw>He</hw> (h&emacr;), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>nom.</i></pos> <u>He</u>; <pos><i>poss.</i></pos> <u>His</u>
(h&ibreve;z); <pos><i>obj.</i></pos> <u>Him</u> (h&ibreve;m);
<pos><i>pl. nom.</i></pos> <u>They</u> (&thlig;&amacr;);
<pos><i>poss.</i></pos> <u>Their</u> or <u>Theirs</u>
(&thlig;&acirc;rz <i>or</i> &thlig;&amacr;rz); <pos><i>obj.</i></pos>
<u>Them</u> (&thlig;&ebreve;m).] [AS. <i>h&emacr;</i>, masc.,
<i>he&oacute;</i>, fem., <i>hit</i>, neut.; pl. <i>h&imacr;</i>, or
<i>hie</i>, <i>hig</i>; akin to OFries. <i>hi</i>, D. <i>hij</i>, OS.
<i>he</i>, <i>hi</i>, G. <i>heute</i> to-day, Goth. <i>himma</i>,
dat. masc., this, <i>hina</i>, accus. masc., and <i>hita</i>, accus.
neut., and prob. to L. <i>hic</i> this.  &radic;183.  Cf. <u>It</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The man or male being (or object personified
to which the masculine gender is assigned), previously designated; a
pronoun of the masculine gender, usually referring to a specified
subject already indicated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy desire shall be to thy husband, and <i>he</i>
shall rule over thee.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt fear the Lord thy God; <i>him</i> shalt
thou serve.</blockquote> <i>Deut. x. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any one; the man or person; -- used
indefinitely, and usually followed by a relative pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>He</i> that walketh with wise men shall be
wise.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xiii. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Man; a male; any male person; -- in this
sense used substantively.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I stand to answer thee,<BR>
Or any <i>he</i>, the proudest of thy sort.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; When a collective noun or a class is referred to, <i>he</i>
is of common gender. In early English, <i>he</i> referred to a
feminine or neuter noun, or to one in the plural, as well as to noun
in the masculine singular. In composition, <i>he</i> denotes a male
animal; as, a <i>he</i>-goat.</p>

<p><hw>-head</hw> (-h&ebreve;d), <pos><i>suffix.</i></pos> <def>A
variant of <u>-hood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head</hw> (h&ebreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hed</i>,
<i>heved</i>, <i>heaved</i>, AS. <i>he&aacute;fod</i>; akin to D.
<i>hoofd</i>, OHG. <i>houbit</i>, G. <i>haupt</i>, Icel.
<i>h&ouml;fu&eth;</i>, Sw. <i>hufvud</i>, Dan. <i>hoved</i>, Goth.
<i>haubi&thorn;</i>.  The word does not correspond regularly to L.
<i>caput</i> head (cf. E. <u>Chief</u>, <u>Cadet</u>,
<u>Capital</u>), and its origin is unknown.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The anterior or superior part of an animal, containing the
brain, or chief ganglia of the nervous system, the mouth, and in the
higher animals, the chief sensory organs; poll; cephalon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The uppermost, foremost, or most important
part of an inanimate object; such a part as may be considered to
resemble the head of an animal; often, also, the larger, thicker, or
heavier part or extremity, in distinction from the smaller or thinner
part, or from the point or edge; as, the <i>head</i> of a cane, a
nail, a spear, an ax, a mast, a sail, a ship; that which covers and
closes the top or the end of a hollow vessel; as, the <i>head</i> of
a cask or a steam boiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The place where the head should go; as,
the <i>head</i> of a bed, of a grave, etc.; the <i>head</i> of a
carriage, that is, the hood which covers the head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The most prominent or important member of
any organized body; the chief; the leader; as, the <i>head</i> of a
college, a school, a church, a state, and the like.</def> "Their
princes and <i>heads</i>."  <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>heads</i> of the chief sects of
philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>head</i> I him appoint.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The place or honor, or of command; the
most important or foremost position; the front; as, the <i>head</i>
of the table; the <i>head</i> of a column of soldiers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An army of fourscore thousand troops, with the duke of
Marlborough at the <i>head</i> of them.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Each one among many; an individual; --
often used in a plural sense; as, a thousand <i>head</i> of
cattle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It there be six millions of people, there are about
four acres for every <i>head</i>.</blockquote> <i>Graunt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The seat of the intellect; the brain; the
understanding; the mental faculties; as, a good <i>head</i>, that is,
a good mind; it never entered his <i>head</i>, it did not occur to
him; of his own <i>head</i>, of his own thought or will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men who had lost both <i>head</i> and
heart.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The source, fountain, spring, or
beginning, as of a stream or river; as, the <i>head</i> of the Nile;
hence, the altitude of the source, or the height of the surface, as
of water, above a given place, as above an orifice at which it
issues, and the pressure resulting from the height or from motion;
sometimes also, the quantity in reserve; as, a mill or reservoir has
a good <i>head</i> of water, or ten feet <i>head</i>; also, that part
of a gulf or bay most remote from the outlet or the sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A headland; a promontory; as, Gay
<i>Head</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A separate part, or topic, of a
discourse; a theme to be expanded; a subdivision; as, the
<i>heads</i> of a sermon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Culminating point or crisis; hence,
strength; force; height.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere foul sin, gathering <i>head</i>, shall break into
corruption.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The indisposition which has long hung upon me, is at
last grown to such a <i>head</i>, that it must quickly make an end of
me or of itself.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Power; armed force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord, my lord, the French have gathered
<i>head</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>A headdress; a covering of the head; as,
a laced <i>head</i>; a <i>head</i> of hair.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>An ear of wheat, barley, or of one of the
other small cereals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A dense
cluster of flowers, as in clover, daisies, thistles; a
capitulum.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A dense, compact mass of
leaves, as in a cabbage or a lettuce plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>The antlers of a deer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>A rounded mass of foam which rises on a
pot of beer or other effervescing liquor.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Tiles laid at the eaves of a
house.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Head</i> is often used adjectively or in self-explaining
combinations; as, <i>head</i> gear or <i>head</i>gear, <i>head</i>
rest.  Cf. <u>Head</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>A buck of the first head</b></col>, <cd>a male fallow deer
in its fifth year, when it attains its complete set of antlers.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>By the head</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>By</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Elevator head</b></col>,
<col><b>Feed head</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>Elevator</u>,
<u>Feed</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>From head to foot</b></col>,
<cd>through the whole length of a man; completely; throughout.</cd>
"Arm me, audacity, from <i>head to foot</i>." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Head and ears</b></col>, <cd>with the whole person; deeply;
completely; as, he was <i>head and ears</i> in debt or in
trouble.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Head fast</b></col>.
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See 5th <u>Fast</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Head
kidney</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the most anterior of the three
pairs of embryonic renal organs developed in most vertebrates; the
pronephros.</cd> -- <col><b>Head money</b></col>, <cd>a capitation
tax; a poll tax.</cd> <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>Head pence</b></col>,
<cd>a poll tax.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Head sea</b></col>, <cd>a sea
that meets the head of a vessel or rolls against her course.</cd> --
<col><b>Head and shoulders</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>By
force; violently; as, to drag one, <i>head and shoulders</i>.</cd>
"They bring in every figure of speech, <i>head and shoulders</i>."
<i>Felton.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>By the height of the head and
shoulders; hence, by a great degree or space; by far; much; as, he is
<i>head and shoulders</i> above them.</cd> -- <col><b>Head or
tail</b></col>, <cd>this side or that side; this thing or that; -- a
phrase used in throwing a coin to decide a choice, question, or
stake, <i>head</i> being the side of the coin bearing the effigy or
principal figure (or, in case there is no head or face on either
side, that side which has the date on it), and <i>tail</i> the other
side.</cd> -- <col><b>Neither head nor tail</b></col>, <cd>neither
beginning nor end; neither this thing nor that; nothing distinct or
definite; -- a phrase used in speaking of what is indefinite or
confused; as, they made <i>neither head nor tail</i> of the
matter.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Head wind</b></col>, <cd>a wind
that blows in a direction opposite the vessel's course.</cd> --
<col><b>Out of one's own head</b></col>, <cd>according to one's own
idea; without advice or co&ouml;peration of another.</cd>
<col><b>Over the head of</b></col>, <cd>beyond the comprehension
of.</cd> <i>M. Arnold.</i> -- <col><b>To be out of one's
head</b></col>, <cd>to be temporarily insane.</cd> -- <col><b>To come
or draw to a head</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Come</u>,
<u>Draw</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To give (one) the head</b></col>, or
<col><b>To give head</b></col>, <cd>to let go, or to give up,
control; to free from restraint; to give license.</cd> "He
<i>gave</i> his able horse <i>the head</i>." <i>Shak.</i> "He has so
long <i>given</i> his unruly passions their <i>head</i>."
<i>South.</i> -- <col><b>To his head</b></col>, <cd>before his
face.</cd> "An uncivil answer from a son to a father, from an obliged
person to a benefactor, is a greater indecency than if an enemy
should storm his house or revile him <i>to his head</i>." <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i> -- <col><b>To lay heads together</b></col>, <cd>to
consult; to conspire.</cd> -- <col><b>To lose one's head</b></col>,
<cd>to lose presence of mind.</cd> -- <col><b>To make head</b></col>,
or <col><b>To make head against</b></col>, <cd>to resist with
success; to advance.</cd> -- <col><b>To show one's head</b></col>,
<cd>to appear.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To turn head</b></col>,
<cd>to turn the face or front.</cd> "The ravishers <i>turn head</i>,
the fight renews." <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 677 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>Head</hw> (h&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Principal;
chief; leading; first; as, the <i>head</i> master of a school; the
<i>head</i> man of a tribe; a <i>head</i> chorister; a <i>head</i>
cook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head</hw> (h&ebreve;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Headed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Heading</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be at the head of; to put
one's self at the head of; to lead; to direct; to act as leader to;
as, to <i>head</i> an army, an expedition, or a riot.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form a head to; to fit or furnish with
a head; as, to <i>head</i> a nail.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To behead; to decapitate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cut off the top of; to lop off; as, to
<i>head</i> trees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To go in front of; to get in the front of,
so as to hinder or stop; to oppose; hence, to check or restrain; as,
to <i>head</i> a drove of cattle; to <i>head</i> a person; the wind
<i>heads</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To set on the head; as, to <i>head</i> a
cask.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To head off</b></col>, <cd>to intercept; to get before;
as, an officer <i>heads off</i> a thief who is escaping.</cd> --
<col><b>To head up</b></col>, <cd>to close, as a cask or barrel, by
fitting a head to.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Head</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
originate; to spring; to have its source, as a river.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A broad river, that <i>heads</i> in the great Blue
Ridge.</blockquote> <i>Adair.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go or point in a certain direction; to
tend; as, how does the ship <i>head</i>?</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form a head; as, this kind of cabbage
<i>heads</i> early.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"ache`</hw> (h&ebreve;d"&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pain in the head; cephalalgia.</def> "<i>Headaches</i> and
shivering fits."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Head"ach`y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Afflicted with
headache.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Head"band`</hw> (-b&abreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fillet; a band for the head.</def> "The
<i>headbands</i> and the tablets."  <i>Is. iii. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The band at each end of the back of a
book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"board`</hw> (-b&omacr;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
board or boarding which marks or forms the head of anything; as, the
<i>headboard</i> of a bed; the <i>headboard</i> of a grave.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Head"bor*ough</hw>  <hw>Head"bor*row</hw>  }
(h&ebreve;d"b&ubreve;r*&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The chief of a frankpledge, tithing, or
decennary, consisting of ten families; -- called also
<i>borsholder</i>, <i>boroughhead</i>, <i>boroughholder</i>, and
sometimes <i>tithingman</i>. See <u>Borsholder</u>.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Modern Law)</i> <def>A petty
constable.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Head"-cheese`</hw> (-ch&emacr;z`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dish made of portions of the head, or head and feet, of swine, cut up
fine, seasoned, and pressed into a cheeselike mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"dress`</hw> (-dr&ebreve;s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A covering or ornament for the head; a
headtire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among birds the males very often appear in a most
beautiful <i>headdress</i>, whether it be a crest, a comb, a tuft of
feathers, or a natural little plume.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A manner of dressing the hair or of
adorning it, whether with or without a veil, ribbons, combs,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with a head (commonly as denoting intellectual
faculties); -- used in composition; as, clear-<i>headed</i>, long-
<i>headed</i>, thick-<i>headed</i>; a many-<i>headed</i>
monster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formed into a head; as, a <i>headed</i>
cabbage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"er</hw>, (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, heads nails, rivets,
etc., esp. a machine for heading.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who heads a movement, a party, or a
mob; head; chief; leader.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A brick
or stone laid with its shorter face or head in the surface of the
wall.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In framing, the piece of timber
fitted between two trimmers, and supported by them, and carrying the
ends of the tailpieces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A reaper for wheat, that cuts off the
heads only.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A fall or plunge headforemost, as while
riding a bicycle, or in bathing; as, to take a <i>header</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Head`first"</hw> (h&ebreve;d"f&etilde;rst`),
<hw>Head`fore"most`</hw> (-f&omacr;r"m&omacr;st`), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With the head foremost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"fish`</hw> (h&ebreve;d"f&ibreve;sh`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sunfish
(<i>Mola</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Head" gear`</hw>, or <hw>Head"gear`</hw> (-g&emacr;r`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Headdress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apparatus above ground at the mouth of a
mine or deep well.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"-hunt`er</hw> (-h&ubreve;nt`&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of any tribe or race of savages
who have the custom of decapitating human beings and preserving their
heads as trophies. The Dyaks of Borneo are the most noted head-
hunters.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Head"-hunt`ing</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Head"i*ly</hw> (-&ibreve;*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a heady or rash manner; hastily; rashly;
obstinately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being heady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or state of one who, or that which, heads; formation of
a head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which stands at the head; title; as,
the <i>heading</i> of a paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Material for the heads of casks, barrels,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>A gallery, drift, or adit
in a mine; also, the end of a drift or gallery; the vein above a
drift.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Sewing)</i> <def>The extension of a line
ruffling above the line of stitch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>That end of a stone or
brick which is presented outward.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Heading course</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a course
consisting only of headers. See <u>Header</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> 3
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Heading joint</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Carp.)</i> <cd>A joint, as of two or more
boards, etc., at right angles to the grain of the wood.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Masonry)</i> <cd>A joint between two
roussoirs in the same course.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Head"land</hw> (h&ebreve;d"l&abreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cape; a promontory; a point of land
projecting into the sea or other expanse of water.</def> "Sow the
<i>headland</i> with wheat."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ridge or strip of unplowed at the ends
of furrows, or near a fence.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Head"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>he&aacute;fodle&aacute;s</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having no
head; beheaded; as, a <i>headless</i> body, neck, or
carcass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of a chief or leader.</def>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of understanding or prudence;
foolish; rash; obstinate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Witless headiness in judging or <i>headless</i>
hardiness in condemning.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Head"light`</hw> (h&ebreve;d"l&imacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Engin.)</i> <def>A light, with a powerful reflector, placed at
the head of a locomotive, or in front of it, to throw light on the
track at night, or in going through a dark tunnel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"line`</hw> (-l&imacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The line at the head or top
of a page.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Headrope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"long`</hw> (-l&obreve;ng`; 115), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>hedling</i>, <i>hevedlynge</i>; prob. confused with E.
<i>long</i>, <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With the head foremost; as, to fall
<i>headlong</i>.</def>  <i>Acts i. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rashly; precipitately; without
deliberation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hastily; without delay or
respite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"long</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rash; precipitate; as, <i>headlong</i> folly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Steep; precipitous.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like a tower upon a <i>headlong</i> rock.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Head"-lugged`</hw> (-l&ubreve;gd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lugged or dragged by the head.</def> [R.] "The <i>head-
lugged</i> bear."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Head"man`</hw> (h&ebreve;d"m&abreve;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Headmen</b></plw> (-m&ebreve;n`). [AS.
<i>he&aacute;fodman</i>.] <def>A head or leading man, especially of a
village community.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Head"mold` shot"</hw> <hw>Head"mould` shot"</hw>  } (-
m&omacr;ld` sh&obreve;t`). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An old name for the
condition of the skull, in which the bones ride, or are <i>shot</i>,
over each other at the sutures.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Head"most`</hw> (-m&omacr;st`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Most
advanced; most forward; as, the <i>headmost</i> ship in a
fleet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"note`</hw> (-n&omacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
note at the head of a page or chapter; in law reports, an abstract of
a case, showing the principles involved and the opinion of the
court.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"pan`</hw> (-p&abreve;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>he&aacute;fodpanne</i>.] <def>The brainpan.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Head"piece`</hw> (-p&emacr;s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In his <i>headpiece</i> he felt a sore
pain.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cap of defense; especially, an open one,
as distinguished from the closed helmet of the Middle Ages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Understanding; mental faculty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eumenes had the best <i>headpiece</i> of all
Alexander's captains.</blockquote> <i>Prideaux.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An engraved ornament at the head of a
chapter, or of a page.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"quar`ters</hw> (-kw&add;r`t&etilde;rz), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [but sometimes used as a <pos><i>n. sing.</i></pos>]
<def>The quarters or place of residence of any chief officer, as the
general in command of an army, or the head of a police force; the
place from which orders or instructions are issued; hence, the center
of authority or order.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brain, which is the <i>headquarters</i>, or
office, of intelligence.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Head"race`</hw> (-r&amacr;s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Race</u>, a water course.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"room`</hw> (-r&oomac;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Headway</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"rope`</hw> (-r&omacr;p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That part of a boltrope which is sewed to the
upper edge or head of a sail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"sail`</hw> (-s&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Any sail set forward of the foremast.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Head`shake`</hw> (-sh&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
significant shake of the head, commonly as a signal of denial.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Head"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Authority or
dignity; chief place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heads"man</hw> (h&ebreve;dz"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Headsmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>An
executioner who cuts off heads.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Head"spring`</hw> (h&ebreve;d"spr&ibreve;ng`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fountain; source.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>headspring</i> of our belief.</blockquote>
<i>Stapleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Head"stall`</hw> (-st&add;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
part of a bridle or halter which encompasses the head.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Head"stock`</hw> (-st&obreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A part (usually separate from the bed or frame)
for supporting some of the principal working parts of a
machine</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The part of a lathe that
holds the revolving spindle and its attachments; -- also called
<i>poppet head</i>, the opposite corresponding part being called a
<i>tailstock</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The part of a
planing machine that supports the cutter, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"stone`</hw> (-st&omacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The principal stone in a foundation; the
chief or corner stone.</def>  <i>Ps. cxviii. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The stone at the head of a
grave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"strong`</hw> (-str&obreve;ng`; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not easily restrained; ungovernable;
obstinate; stubborn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now let the <i>headstrong</i> boy my will
control.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Directed by ungovernable will, or
proceeding from obstinacy; as, a <i>headstrong</i> course.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Violent; obstinate; ungovernable; untractable;
stubborn; unruly; venturesome; heady.</p>

<p><hw>Head"strong`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Obstinacy.</def> [R.]  <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Head"tire`</hw> (-t&imacr;r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A headdress.</def> "A <i>headtire</i> of fine
linen."  <i>1 Esdras iii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The manner of dressing the head, as at a
particular time and place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"way`</hw> (-w&amacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The progress made by a ship in motion; hence,
progress or success of any kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Clear space under an arch,
girder, and the like, sufficient to allow of easy passing
underneath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"work`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mental labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"y</hw>, (h&ebreve;d"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Head</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Willful; rash; precipitate;
hurried on by will or passion; ungovernable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the talent required is to be hot, to be
<i>heady</i>, -- to be violent on one side or the other.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apt to affect the head; intoxicating;
strong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The liquor is too <i>heady</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Violent; impetuous.</def> "A <i>heady</i>
currance."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heal</hw>, (h&emacr;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hele</u>.] <def>To cover, as a roof, with tiles, slate, lead, or
the like.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Heal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Healed</u> (h&emacr;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Healing</u>.] [OE. <i>helen</i>, <i>h&aelig;len</i>,
AS. <i>h&aemacr;lan</i>, fr. <i>h&amacr;l</i> hale, sound, whole;
akin to OS. <i>h&emacr;lian</i>, D. <i>heelen</i>, G. <i>heilen</i>,
Goth. <i>hailjan</i>. See <u>Whole</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make hale, sound, or whole; to cure of a disease, wound, or other
derangement; to restore to soundness or health.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Speak the word only, and my servant shall be
<i>healed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. viii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove or subdue; to cause to pass
away; to cure; -- said of a disease or a wound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>heal</i> their backsliding.</blockquote>
<i>Hos. xiv. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To restore to original purity or
integrity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus saith the Lord, I have <i>healed</i> these
waters.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings ii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To reconcile, as a breach or difference;
to make whole; to free from guilt; as, to <i>heal</i>
dissensions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heal</hw> (h&emacr;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow
sound; to return to a sound state; as, the limb <i>heals</i>, or the
wound <i>heals</i>; -- sometimes with <i>up</i> or <i>over</i>; as,
it will <i>heal</i> up, or over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those wounds <i>heal</i> ill that men do give
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>h&aemacr;lu</i>,
<i>h&aemacr;l</i>. See <u>Heal</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Health.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heal"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being healed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heal"all`</hw> (-&add;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A common herb of the Mint family (<i>Brunella vulgaris</i>),
destitute of active properties, but anciently thought a
panacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heald</hw> (h&emacr;ld), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF.
<u>Heddle</u>.] <def>A heddle.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heal"er</hw> (h&emacr;l"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, heals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heal"ful</hw> (-f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
or serving to heal; healing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ecclus. xv. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to cure;
soothing; mollifying; as, the <i>healing</i> art; a <i>healing</i>
salve; <i>healing</i> words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here <i>healing</i> dews and balms
abound.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heal"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to heal or
cure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Health</hw> (h&ebreve;lth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>helthe</i>, AS. <i>h&aemacr;l&thorn;</i>, fr. <i>h&amacr;l</i>
hale, sound, whole. See <u>Whole</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state of being hale, sound, or whole, in body, mind, or soul;
especially, the state of being free from physical disease or
pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no <i>health</i> in us.</blockquote> <i>Book
of Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though <i>health</i> may be enjoyed without gratitude,
it can not be sported with without loss, or regained by
courage.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wish of health and happiness, as in
pledging a person in a toast.</def> "Come, love and <i>health</i> to
all."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of health</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bill</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Health lift</b></col>, <cd>a machine for exercise, so
arranged that a person lifts an increasing weight, or moves a spring
of increasing tension, in such a manner that most of the muscles of
the body are brought into gradual action; -- also called <i>lifting
machine</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Health officer</b></col>, <cd>one
charged with the enforcement of the sanitary laws of a port or other
place.</cd> -- <col><b>To drink a health</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Drink</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Health"ful</hw> (-f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of health; free from illness or disease;
well; whole; sound; healthy; as, a <i>healthful</i> body or mind; a
<i>healthful</i> plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Serving to promote health of body or mind;
wholesome; salubrious; salutary; as, a <i>healthful</i> air,
diet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>healthful</i> Spirit of thy grace.</blockquote>
<i>Book of Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Indicating, characterized by, or resulting
from, health or soundness; as, a <i>healthful</i>
condition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mind . . . <i>healthful</i> and so well-
proportioned.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Well-disposed; favorable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Gave <i>healthful</i> welcome to their shipwrecked
guests.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Health"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In health;
wholesomely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Health"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being healthful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Health"i*ly</hw> (-&ibreve;*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a healthy manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Health"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being healthy or healthful; freedom from disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Health"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Without health, whether of body or mind; infirm.</def> "A
<i>healthless</i> or old age."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not conducive to health;
unwholesome.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Health"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being healthless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Health"some</hw> (-s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Wholesome; salubrious.</def> [R.] "<i>Healthsome</i> air."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Health"ward</hw> (-w&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos>
<def>In the direction of health; as, a <i>healthward</i>
tendency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Health"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Healthier</u> (-&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Healthiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being in a state of health; enjoying health; hale; sound; free
from disease; as, a <i>healthy</i> child; a <i>healthy</i>
plant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His mind was now in a firm and <i>healthy</i>
state.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evincing health; as, a <i>healthy</i>
pulse; a <i>healthy</i> complexion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Conducive to health; wholesome;
salubrious; salutary; as, a <i>healthy</i> exercise; a <i>healthy</i>
climate.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Vigorous; sound; hale; salubrious; healthful;
wholesome; salutary.</p>

<p><hw>Heam</hw> (h&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
cild<i>hamma</i> womb, OD. <i>hamme</i> afterbirth, LG.
<i>hamen</i>.] <def>The afterbirth or secundines of a
beast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heap</hw> (h&emacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>heep</i>,
<i>heap</i>, heap, multitude, AS. <i>he&aacute;p</i>; akin to OS.
<i>h&omacr;p</i>, D. <i>hoop</i>, OHG. <i>houf</i>,
<i>h&umacr;fo</i>, G. <i>haufe</i>, <i>haufen</i>, Sw. <i>hop</i>,
Dan. <i>hob</i>, Icel. <i>h&omacr;pr</i> troop, flock, Russ.
<i>kupa</i> heap, crowd, Lith. <i>kaupas</i>.  Cf. <u>Hope</u>, in
<i>Forlorn hope</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crowd; a throng; a
multitude or great number of persons.</def> [Now Low or Humorous]</p>

<p><blockquote>The wisdom of a <i>heap</i> of learned
men.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>heap</i> of vassals and slaves.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>heaps</i> of friends.</blockquote> <i>W.
Black.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A great number or large quantity of things
not placed in a pile.</def> [Now Low or Humorous]</p>

<p><blockquote>A vast <i>heap</i>, both of places of scripture and
quotations.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have noticed a <i>heap</i> of things in my
life.</blockquote> <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pile or mass; a collection of things
laid in a body, or thrown together so as to form an elevation; as, a
<i>heap</i> of earth or stones.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Huge <i>heaps</i> of slain around the body
rise.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Heaped</u> (h&emacr;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Heaping</u>.] [AS. <i>he&aacute;pian</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To collect in great quantity; to amass; to
lay up; to accumulate; -- usually with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>heap</i>
up treasures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though he <i>heap</i> up silver as the
dust.</blockquote> <i>Job. xxvii. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw or lay in a heap; to make a heap
of; to pile; as, to <i>heap</i> stones; -- often with <i>up</i>; as,
to <i>heap</i> up earth; or with <i>on</i>; as, to <i>heap</i> on
wood or coal.</def></p>

<p><! p. 678 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form or round into a heap, as in
measuring; to fill (a measure) more than even full.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heap"er</hw> (h&emacr;p"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who heaps, piles, or amasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heap"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying in
heaps.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hear</hw> (h&emacr;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Heard</u> (h&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hearing</u>.] [OE. <i>heren</i>, AS,.
<i>hi&eacute;ran</i>, <i>h&ymacr;ran</i>, <i>h&emacr;ran</i>; akin to
OS. <i>h&omacr;rian</i>, OFries. <i>hera</i>, <i>hora</i>, D.
<i>hooren</i>, OHG. <i>h&omacr;ren</i>, G. <i>h&ouml;ren</i>, Icel.
<i>heyra</i>, Sw. <i>h&ouml;ra</i>, Dan. <i>hore</i>, Goth.
<i>hausjan</i>, and perh. to Gr. <grk>'akoy`ein</grk>, E.
<i>acoustic</i>.  Cf. <u>Hark</u>, <u>Hearken</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perceive by the ear; to apprehend or take
cognizance of by the ear; as, to <i>hear</i> sounds; to <i>hear</i> a
voice; to <i>hear</i> one call.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lay thine ear close to the ground, and list if thou
canst <i>hear</i> the tread of travelers.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had been <i>heard</i> to utter an ominous
growl.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give audience or attention to; to
listen to; to heed; to accept the doctrines or advice of; to obey; to
examine; to try in a judicial court; as, to <i>hear</i> a recitation;
to <i>hear</i> a class; the case will be <i>heard</i> to-
morrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attend, or be present at, as hearer or
worshiper; as, to <i>hear</i> a concert; to <i>hear</i>
Mass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give attention to as a teacher or
judge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy matters are good and right, but there is no man
deputed of the king to <i>hear</i> thee.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xv.
3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I beseech your honor to <i>hear</i> me one single
word.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To accede to the demand or wishes of; to
listen to and answer favorably; to favor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I love the Lord, because he hath <i>heard</i> my
voice.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxvi. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They think that they shall be <i>heard</i> for their
much speaking.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vi. 7.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hear him</b></col>. <cd>See Remark, under <u>Hear</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To hear a bird
sing</b></col>, <cd>to receive private communication.</cd> [Colloq.]
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To hear say</b></col>, <cd>to hear one say;
to learn by common report; to receive by rumor.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hear</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
have the sense or faculty of perceiving sound.</def> "The
<i>hearing</i> ear."  <i>Prov. xx. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use the power of perceiving sound; to
perceive or apprehend by the ear; to attend; to listen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake our mother Eve, and Adam <i>heard</i>,<BR>
Well pleased, but answered not.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be informed by oral communication; to
be told; to receive information by report or by letter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>heard</i>, sir, of such a man.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I must <i>hear</i> from thee every day in the
hour.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hear ill</b></col>, <cd>to be blamed.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not only within his own camp, but also now at Rome, he
<i>heard ill</i> for his temporizing and slow
proceedings.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To hear well</b></col>, <cd>to be praised.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Hear</i>, or <i>Hear him</i>, is often used in the
imperative, especially in the course of a speech in English
assemblies, to call attention to the words of the speaker.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hear him</i>, . . . a cry indicative, according to
the tone, of admiration, acquiescence, indignation, or
derision.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heard</hw> (h&etilde;rd), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Hear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hear"er</hw> (h&emacr;r"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who hears; an auditor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hear"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or power of perceiving sound; perception of sound; the
faculty or sense by which sound is perceived; as, my <i>hearing</i>
is good.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have heard of thee by the <i>hearing</i> of the
ear.</blockquote> <i>Job xlii. 5.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Hearing in a special sensation, produced by stimulation of
the auditory nerve; the stimulus (waves of sound) acting not directly
on the nerve, but through the medium of the endolymph on the delicate
epithelium cells, constituting the peripheral terminations of the
nerve. See <u>Ear</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attention to what is delivered;
opportunity to be heard; audience; as, I could not obtain a
<i>hearing</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A listening to facts and evidence, for the
sake of adjudication; a session of a court for considering proofs and
determining issues.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His last offenses to us<BR>
Shall have judicious <i>hearing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Another <i>hearing</i> before some other
court.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Hearing</i>, as applied to equity cases, means the same
thing that the word <i>trial</i> does at law.  <i>Abbot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Extent within which sound may be heard;
sound; earshot.</def> "She's not within <i>hearing</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They laid him by the pleasant shore,<BR>
And in the <i>hearing</i> of the wave.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heark"en</hw> (h&auml;rk"'n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hearkened</u> (-'nd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Hearkening</u>.] [OE. <i>hercnen</i>,
<i>hercnien</i>, AS. <i>hercnian</i>, <i>heorcnian</i>, fr.
<i>hi&eacute;ran</i>, <i>h&ymacr;ran</i>, to hear; akin to OD.
<i>harcken</i>, <i>horcken</i>, LG. <i>harken</i>, <i>horken</i>, G.
<i>horchen</i>. See <u>Hear</u>, and cf. <u>Hark</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To listen; to lend the ear; to attend to what
is uttered; to give heed; to hear, in order to obey or
comply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Furies <i>hearken</i>, and their snakes
uncurl.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hearken</i>, O Israel, unto the statutes and unto
the judgments, which I teach you.</blockquote> <i>Deut. iv.
1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inquire; to seek information.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Hearken</i> after their offense."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To attend; listen; hear; heed. See <u>Attend</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Heark"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To hear by listening.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>[She] <i>hearkened</i> now and then<BR>
Some little whispering and soft groaning sound.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give heed to; to hear
attentively.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The King of Naples . . . <i>hearkens</i> my brother's
suit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hearken out</b></col>, <cd>to search out.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If you find none, you must <i>hearken out</i> a vein
and buy.</blockquote> <i>B. Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heark"en*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who hearkens; a listener.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hear"sal</hw> (h&etilde;r"s<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Rehearsal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hear"say`</hw> (h&emacr;r"s&amacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Report; rumor; fame; common talk; something heard from
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Much of the obloquy that has so long rested on the
memory of our great national poet originated in frivolous
<i>hearsays</i> of his life and conversation.</blockquote> <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hearsay evidence</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that species
of testimony which consists in a narration by one person of matters
told him by another. It is, with a few exceptions, inadmissible as
testimony.</cd>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hearse</hw> (h&etilde;rs), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <def>A hind in the second year of its age.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hearse</hw> (h&etilde;rs), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Herse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A framework of wood or metal
placed over the coffin or tomb of a deceased person, and covered with
a pall; also, a temporary canopy bearing wax lights and set up in a
church, under which the coffin was placed during the funeral
ceremonies.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grave, coffin, tomb, or sepulchral
monument.</def> [Archaic] "Underneath this marble <i>hearse</i>."
<i>B. Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Beside the <i>hearse</i> a fruitful palm tree
grows.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who lies beneath this sculptured
<i>hearse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bier or handbarrow for conveying the
dead to the grave.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Set down, set down your honorable load,<BR>
It honor may be shrouded in a <i>hearse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A carriage specially adapted or used for
conveying the dead to the grave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hearse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose in a
hearse; to entomb.</def> [Obs.] "Would she were <i>hearsed</i> at my
foot."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hearse"cloth`</hw> (-kl&obreve;th`; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A cloth for covering a coffin when on a bier; a pall.</def>
<i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hearse"like`</hw> (-l&imacr;k`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Suitable to a funeral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you listen to David's harp, you shall hear as many
<i>hearselike</i> airs as carols.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart</hw> (h&auml;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>harte</i>, <i>herte</i>, <i>heorte</i>, AS. <i>heorte</i>; akin to
OS. <i>herta</i>, OFies. <i>hirte</i>, D. <i>hart</i>, OHG.
<i>herza</i>, G. <i>herz</i>, Icel. <i>hjarta</i>, Sw. <i>hjerta</i>,
Goth. <i>ha&iacute;rt&omacr;</i>, Lith. <i>szirdis</i>, Russ.
<i>serdtse</i>, Ir. <i>cridhe</i>, L. <i>cor</i>, Gr.
<grk>kardi`a</grk>, <grk>kh^r</grk> &radic;227.  Cf. <u>Accord</u>,
<u>Discord</u>, <u>Cordial</u>, 4th <u>Core</u>, <u>Courage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A hollow, muscular organ,
which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the
blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why does my blood thus muster to my
<i>heart</i>!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In adult mammals and birds, the heart is four-chambered,
the right auricle and ventricle being completely separated from the
left auricle and ventricle; and the blood flows from the systemic
veins to the right auricle, thence to the right ventricle, from which
it is forced to the lungs, then returned to the left auricle, thence
passes to the left ventricle, from which it is driven into the
systemic arteries. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Aorta</u>. In fishes
there are but one auricle and one ventricle, the blood being pumped
from the ventricle through the gills to the system, and thence
returned to the auricle. In most amphibians and reptiles, the
separation of the auricles is partial or complete, and in reptiles
the ventricles also are separated more or less completely.   The so-
called <i>lymph hearts</i>, found in many amphibians, reptiles, and
birds, are contractile sacs, which pump the lymph into the veins.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The seat of the affections or
sensibilities, collectively or separately, as love, hate, joy, grief,
courage, and the like; rarely, the seat of the understanding or will;
-- usually in a good sense, when no epithet is expressed; the better
or lovelier part of our nature; the spring of all our actions and
purposes; the seat of moral life and character; the moral affections
and character itself; the individual disposition and character; as, a
good, tender, loving, bad, hard, or selfish <i>heart</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hearts</i> are dust, <i>hearts'</i> loves
remain.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The nearest the middle or center; the part
most hidden and within; the inmost or most essential part of any body
or system; the source of life and motion in any organization; the
chief or vital portion; the center of activity, or of energetic or
efficient action; as, the <i>heart</i> of a country, of a tree,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Exploits done in the <i>heart</i> of
France.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Peace subsisting at the <i>heart</i><BR>
Of endless agitation.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Courage; courageous purpose;
spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eve, recovering <i>heart</i>, replied.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The expelled nations take <i>heart</i>, and when they
fly from one country invade another.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Vigorous and efficient activity; power of
fertile production; condition of the soil, whether good or
bad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That the spent earth may gather <i>heart</i>
again.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles a heart in shape;
especially, a roundish or oval figure or object having an obtuse
point at one end, and at the other a corresponding indentation, --
used as a symbol or representative of the heart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>One of a series of playing cards,
distinguished by the figure or figures of a heart; as, <i>hearts</i>
are trumps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Vital part; secret meaning; real
intention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And then show you the <i>heart</i> of my
message.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A term of affectionate or kindly and
familiar address.</def> "I speak to thee, my <i>heart</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Heart</i> is used in many compounds, the most of which
need no special explanation; as, <i>heart</i>-appalling,
<i>heart</i>-breaking, <i>heart</i>-cheering, <i>heart</i>-chilled,
<i>heart</i>-expanding, <i>heart</i>-free, <i>heart</i>-hardened,
<i>heart</i>-heavy, <i>heart</i>-purifying, <i>heart</i>-searching,
<i>heart</i>-sickening, <i>heart</i>-sinking, <i>heart</i>-sore,
<i>heart</i>-stirring, <i>heart</i>-touching, <i>heart</i>-wearing,
<i>heart</i>-whole, <i>heart</i>-wounding, <i>heart</i>-wringing,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>After one's own heart</b></col>, <cd>conforming with one's
inmost approval and desire; as, a friend <i>after my own
heart</i>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord hath sought him a man <i>after his own
heart</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xiii. 14.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>At heart</b></col>, <cd>in the inmost character or
disposition; at bottom; really; as, he is <i>at heart</i> a good
man.</cd> -- <col><b>By heart</b></col>, <cd>in the closest or most
thorough manner; as, to know or learn <i>by heart</i>. "Composing
songs, for fools to get <i>by heart</i>" (that is, to commit to
memory, or to learn thoroughly).</cd> <i>Pope.</i> -- <col><b>For my
heart</b></col>, <cd>for my life; if my life were at stake.</cd>
[Obs.] "I could not get him <i>for my heart</i> to do it."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Heart bond</b></col> <i>(Masonry)</i>, <cd>a
bond in which no header stone stretches across the wall, but two
headers meet in the middle, and their joint is covered by another
stone laid header fashion.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Heart and
hand</b></col>, <cd>with enthusiastic co&ouml;peration.</cd> --
<col><b>Heart hardness</b></col>, <cd>hardness of heart; callousness
of feeling; moral insensibility.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Heart
heaviness</b></col>, <cd>depression of spirits.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Heart point</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>the fess point. See
<u>Escutcheon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Heart rising</b></col>, <cd>a
rising of the heart, as in opposition.</cd> -- <col><b>Heart
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any marine, bivalve shell of
the genus <i>Cardium</i> and allied genera, having a heart-shaped
shell; esp., the European <i>Isocardia cor</i>; -- called also
<i>heart cockle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Heart sickness</b></col>,
<cd>extreme depression of spirits.</cd> -- <col><b>Heart and
soul</b></col>, <cd>with the utmost earnestness.</cd> --
<col><b>Heart urchin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
heartshaped, spatangoid sea urchin. See <u>Spatangoid</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Heart wheel</b></col>, <cd>a form of cam, shaped like a
heart. See <u>Cam</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>In good heart</b></col>,
<cd>in good courage; in good hope.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of
heart</b></col>, <cd>discouraged.</cd> -- <col><b>Poor
heart</b></col>, <cd>an exclamation of pity.</cd> -- <col><b>To break
the heart of</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To bring to despair
or hopeless grief; to cause to be utterly cast down by sorrow.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To bring almost to completion; to finish very
nearly; -- said of anything undertaken; as, he has <i>broken the
heart</i> of the task.</cd> -- <col><b>To find in the
heart</b></col>, <cd>to be willing or disposed.</cd> "I could <i>find
in my heart</i> to ask your pardon." <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i> --
<col><b>To have at heart</b></col>, <cd>to desire (anything)
earnestly.</cd> -- <col><b>To have in the heart</b></col>, <cd>to
purpose; to design or intend to do.</cd> -- <col><b>To have the heart
in the mouth</b></col>, <cd>to be much frightened.</cd> -- <col><b>To
lose heart</b></col>, <cd>to become discouraged.</cd> -- <col><b>To
lose one's heart</b></col>, <cd>to fall in love.</cd> -- <col><b>To
set the heart at rest</b></col>, <cd>to put one's self at ease.</cd>
-- <col><b>To set the heart upon</b></col>, <cd>to fix the desires
on; to long for earnestly; to be very fond of.</cd> -- <col><b>To
take heart of grace</b></col>, <cd>to take courage.</cd> --
<col><b>To take to heart</b></col>, <cd>to grieve over.</cd> --
<col><b>To wear one's heart upon one's sleeve</b></col>, <cd>to
expose one's feelings or intentions; to be frank or impulsive.</cd> -
- <col><b>With all one's heart</b></col>, <col><b>With one's whole
heart</b></col>, <cd>very earnestly; fully; completely;
devotedly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Heart</hw> (h&auml;rt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give
heart to; to hearten; to encourage; to inspirit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My cause is <i>hearted</i>; thine hath no less
reason.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form a compact
center or heart; as, a <i>hearting</i> cabbage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"ache`</hw> (-&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>heortece</i>.] <def>Sorrow; anguish of mind; mental pang.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"break`</hw> (-br&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Crushing sorrow or grief; a yielding to such grief.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"break`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
overpowering sorrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"bro`ken</hw> (-br&omacr;`k'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Overcome by crushing sorrow; deeply grieved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"burn`</hw> (-b&ucirc;rn`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An uneasy, burning sensation in the stomach, often
attended with an inclination to vomit. It is sometimes idiopathic,
but is often a symptom of other complaints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"burned`</hw> (-b&ucirc;rnd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having heartburn.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"burn`ing</hw> (-b&ucirc;rn`&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing discontent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"burn`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Heartburn</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Discontent; secret enmity.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The transaction did not fail to leave
<i>heartburnings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"dear`</hw> (-d&emacr;r`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sincerely beloved.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"deep`</hw> (-d&emacr;p`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Rooted in the heart.</def>  <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"-eat`ing</hw> (-&emacr;t`&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Preying on the heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a heart; having (such) a heart (regarded as the seat of
the affections, disposition, or character).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shaped like a heart; cordate.</def> [R.]
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Seated or laid up in the heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hate the Moor: my cause is
<i>hearted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word is chiefly used in composition; as, hard-
<i>hearted</i>, faint-<i>hearted</i>, kind-<i>hearted</i>, lion-
<i>hearted</i>, stout-<i>hearted</i>, etc. Hence the nouns hard-
<i>hearted</i>ness, faint-<i>hearted</i>ness, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Heart"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Earnestness;
sincerity; heartiness.</def> [R.]  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; See also the Note under <u>Hearted</u>. The analysis of the
compounds gives <i>hard-hearted</i> + -<i>ness</i>, rather than
<i>hard</i> + <i>heartedness</i>, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Heart"en</hw> (h&auml;rt"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From
<u>Heart</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To encourage; to animate; to
incite or stimulate the courage of; to embolden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hearten</i> those that fight in your
defense.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To restore fertility or strength to, as to
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"en*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, heartens, animates, or stirs up.</def>  <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"felt`</hw> (-f&ebreve;lt`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hearty; sincere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"grief`</hw> (-gr&emacr;f`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Heartache; sorrow.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hearth</hw> (h&auml;rth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>harthe</i>, <i>herth</i>, <i>herthe</i>, AS. <i>heor&eth;</i>;
akin to D. <i>haard</i>, <i>heerd</i>, Sw. <i>h&auml;rd</i>, G.
<i>herd</i>; cf. Goth. <i>ha&uacute;ri</i> a coal, Icel. <i>hyrr</i>
embers, and L. <i>cremare</i> to burn.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
pavement or floor of brick, stone, or metal in a chimney, on which a
fire is made; the floor of a fireplace; also, a corresponding part of
a stove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was a fire on the <i>hearth</i> burning before
him.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xxxvi. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where fires thou find'st unraked and <i>hearths</i>
unswept.<BR>
There pinch the maids as blue as bilberry.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The house itself, as the abode of comfort
to its inmates and of hospitality to strangers; fireside.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Household talk and phrases of the
<i>hearth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal. &amp; Manuf.)</i> <def>The floor of a
furnace, on which the material to be heated lies, or the lowest part
of a melting furnace, into which the melted material
settles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hearth ends</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>fragments of
lead ore ejected from the furnace by the blast.</cd> --
<col><b>Hearth money</b></col>, <col><b>Hearth penny</b></col> [AS.
<i>heor&eth;pening</i>], a <cd>tax formerly laid in England on
hearths, each hearth (in all houses paying the church and poor rates)
being taxed at two shillings; -- called also <i>chimney money</i>,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He had been importuned by the common people to relieve
them from the . . . burden of the <i>hearth money</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hearth"stone`</hw> (-st&omacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Stone forming the hearth; hence, the fireside; home.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield
and patriot grave to every living heart and
<i>hearthstone</i>.</blockquote> <i>A. Lincoln.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"i*ly</hw> (h&auml;rt"&ibreve;*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Hearty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>From the heart; with all the heart; with sincerity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>heartily</i> forgive them.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With zeal; actively; vigorously;
willingly; cordially; as, he <i>heartily</i> assisted the
prince.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To eat heartily</b></col>, <cd>to eat freely and with
relish.</cd>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sincerely; cordially; zealously; vigorously;
actively; warmly; eagerly; ardently; earnestly.</p>

<p><! p. 679 pr=JMD !></p>

<p><hw>Heart"i*ness</hw> (h&auml;rt"&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being hearty; as, the
<i>heartiness</i> of a greeting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Without a heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have left me <i>heartless</i>; mine is in your
bosom.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of courage; spiritless;
despondent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Heartless</i> they fought, and quitted soon their
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Heartless</i> and melancholy.</blockquote> <i>W.
Irwing.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of feeling or affection;
unsympathetic; cruel.</def> "The <i>heartless</i> parasites."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Heart"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Heart"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Heart"let</hw> (-l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
little heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"lings</hw> (-l&ibreve;ngz), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos>
<def>An exclamation used in addressing a familiar acquaintance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"pea`</hw> (-p&emacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Heartseed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"quake`</hw> (-kw&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Trembling of the heart; trepidation; fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In many an hour of danger and
<i>heartquake</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"rend`ing</hw> (-r&ebreve;nd`&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing intense grief; overpowering with
anguish; very distressing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"-rob`bing</hw> (-r&obreve;b`b&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Depriving of thought;
ecstatic.</def> "<i>Heart-robbing</i> gladness."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stealing the heart or affections;
winning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart's"-ease`</hw> (h&auml;rts"&emacr;z`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ease of heart; peace or
tranquillity of mind or feeling.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of violet
(<i>Viola tricolor</i>); -- called also <i>pansy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"seed`</hw> (h&auml;rt"s&emacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A climbing plant of the genus
<i>Cardiospermum</i>, having round seeds which are marked with a spot
like a heart.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"shaped`</hw> (-sh&amacr;pt`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the shape of a heart; cordate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"sick`</hw> (-s&ibreve;k`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>heortse&oacute;c</i>.] <def>Sick at heart; extremely depressed in
spirits; very despondent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"some</hw> (-s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Merry; cheerful; lively.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Heart"-spoon`</hw> (-sp&oomac;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
part of the breastbone.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He feeleth through the <i>herte-spon</i> the
pricke.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"strick`en</hw> (-str&ibreve;k`'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Shocked; dismayed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"strike`</hw> (-str&imacr;k`), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To affect at heart; to shock.</def> [R.] "They seek to
<i>heartstrike</i> us."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"string`</hw> (-str&ibreve;ng`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A nerve or tendon, supposed to brace and sustain the
heart.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sobbing, as if a <i>heartstring</i>
broke.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"struck`</hw> (-str&ubreve;k`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Driven to the heart; infixed in the
mind.</def> "His <i>heartstruck</i> injuries."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shocked with pain, fear, or remorse;
dismayed; heartstricken.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"swell`ing</hw> (-sw&ebreve;l`&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rankling in, or swelling, the heart.</def>
"<i>Heartswelling</i> hate."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"-whole`</hw> (-h&omacr;l`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Whole</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the heart or affections
free; not in love.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With unbroken courage;
undismayed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of a single and sincere heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he keeps <i>heart-whole</i> towards his
Master.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"wood`</hw> (-w&oocr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
hard, central part of the trunk of a tree, consisting of the old and
matured wood, and usually differing in color from the outer layers.
It is technically known as <i>duramen</i>, and distinguished from the
softer <i>sapwood</i> or <i>alburnum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heart"-wound`ed</hw> (h&auml;rt"w&oomac;nd`&ebreve;d or -
wound`&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wounded to the heart with
love or grief.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"y</hw> (h&auml;rt"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Heartier</u> (-&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Heartiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or proceeding from, the heart; warm; cordial;
bold; zealous; sincere; willing; also, energetic; active; eager; as,
a <i>hearty</i> welcome; <i>hearty</i> in supporting the
government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full of <i>hearty</i> tears<BR>
For our good father's loss.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting strength; sound; healthy; firm;
not weak; as, a <i>hearty</i> man; <i>hearty</i> timber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Promoting strength; nourishing; rich;
abundant; as, <i>hearty</i> food; a <i>hearty</i> meal.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sincere; real; unfeigned; undissembled; cordial;
earnest; warm; zealous; ardent; eager; active; vigorous.  --
<u>Hearty</u>, <u>Cordial</u>, <u>Sincere</u>. <i>Hearty</i> implies
honesty and simplicity of feelings and manners; <i>cordial</i> refers
to the warmth and liveliness with which the feelings are expressed;
<i>sincere</i> implies that this expression corresponds to the real
sentiments of the heart. A man should be <i>hearty</i> in his
attachment to his friends, <i>cordial</i> in his reception of them to
his house, and <i>sincere</i> in his offers to assist them.</p>

<p><hw>Heart"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hearties</b></plw> (-&ibreve;z). <def> Comrade; boon
companion; good fellow; -- a term of familiar address and fellowship
among sailors.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heart"y*hale`</hw> (-h&amacr;l`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Good for the heart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Heat</hw> (h&emacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hete</i>,
<i>h&aelig;te</i>, AS. <i>h&aemacr;tu</i>, <i>h&aemacr;to</i>, fr.
<i>h&amacr;t</i> hot; akin to OHG. <i>heizi</i> heat, Dan.
<i>hede</i>, Sw. <i>hetta</i>. See <u>Hot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A force in nature which is recognized in various effects, but
especially in the phenomena of fusion and evaporation, and which, as
manifested in fire, the sun's rays, mechanical action, chemical
combination, etc., becomes directly known to us through the sense of
feeling. In its nature heat is a mode of motion, being in general a
form of molecular disturbance or vibration. It was formerly supposed
to be a subtile, imponderable fluid, to which was given the name
<i>caloric</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; As affecting the human body, heat produces different
sensations, which are called by different names, as heat or sensible
heat, warmth, cold, etc., according to its degree or amount
relatively to the normal temperature of the body.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sensation caused by the force or
influence of heat when excessive, or above that which is normal to
the human body; the bodily feeling experienced on exposure to fire,
the sun's rays, etc.; the reverse of <i>cold</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>High temperature, as distinguished from
low temperature, or cold; as, the <i>heat</i> of summer and the cold
of winter; <i>heat</i> of the skin or body in fever, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Else how had the world . . . <BR>
Avoided pinching cold and scorching <i>heat</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Indication of high temperature;
appearance, condition, or color of a body, as indicating its
temperature; redness; high color; flush; degree of temperature to
which something is heated, as indicated by appearance, condition, or
otherwise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It has raised . . . <i>heats</i> in their
faces.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>heats</i> smiths take of their iron are a
blood-red <i>heat</i>, a white-flame <i>heat</i>, and a sparkling or
welding <i>heat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A single complete operation of heating, as
at a forge or in a furnace; as, to make a horseshoe in a certain
number of <i>heats</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A violent action unintermitted; a single
effort; a single course in a race that consists of two or more
courses; as, he won two <i>heats</i> out of three.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many causes . . . for refreshment betwixt the
<i>heats</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] struck off at one <i>heat</i> the matchless tale
of "Tam o' Shanter."</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Utmost violence; rage; vehemence; as, the
<i>heat</i> of battle or party.</def> "The <i>heat</i> of their
division."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Agitation of mind; inflammation or
excitement; exasperation.</def> "The <i>heat</i> and hurry of his
rage."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Animation, as in discourse; ardor;
fervency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With all the strength and <i>heat</i> of
eloquence.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Sexual excitement in animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Fermentation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Animal heat</b></col>, <col><b>Blood heat</b></col>,
<col><b>Capacity for heat</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under
<u>Animal</u>, <u>Blood</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Atomic
heat</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the product obtained by
multiplying the atomic weight of any element by its specific heat.
The atomic heat of all solid elements is nearly a constant, the mean
value being 6.4.</cd> -- <col><b>Dynamical theory of heat</b></col>,
<cd>that theory of heat which assumes it to be, not a peculiar kind
of matter, but a peculiar motion of the ultimate particles of
matter.</cd> <col><b>Heat engine</b></col>, <cd>any apparatus by
which a heated substance, as a heated fluid, is made to perform work
by giving motion to mechanism, as a hot-air engine, or a steam
engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Heat producers</b></col>. <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Food</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Heat rays</b></col>, <cd>a
term formerly applied to the rays near the red end of the spectrum,
whether within or beyond the visible spectrum.</cd> -- <col><b>Heat
weight</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the product of any quantity of
heat by the mechanical equivalent of heat divided by the absolute
temperature; -- called also <i>thermodynamic function</i>, and
<i>entropy</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mechanical equivalent of
heat</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Equivalent</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Specific heat of a substance (at any temperature)</b></col>,
<cd>the number of units of heat required to raise the temperature of
a unit mass of the substance at that temperature one degree.</cd> --
<col><b>Unit of heat</b></col>, <cd>the quantity of heat required to
raise, by one degree, the temperature of a unit mass of water,
initially at a certain standard temperature. The temperature usually
employed is that of 0&deg; Centigrade, or 32&deg;
Fahrenheit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Heat</hw> (h&emacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Heated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Heating</u>.] [OE. <i>heten</i>, AS. <i>h&aemacr;tan</i>, fr.
<i>h&amacr;t</i> hot. See <u>Hot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make hot; to communicate heat to, or cause to grow warm; as, to
<i>heat</i> an oven or furnace, an iron, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Heat</i> me these irons hot.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excite or make hot by action or
emotion; to make feverish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pray, walk softly; do not <i>heat</i> your
blood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To excite ardor in; to rouse to action; to
excite to excess; to inflame, as the passions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A noble emulation <i>heats</i> your
breast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
grow warm or hot by the action of fire or friction, etc., or the
communication of heat; as, the iron or the water <i>heats</i>
slowly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grow warm or hot by fermentation, or
the development of heat by chemical action; as, green hay
<i>heats</i> in a mow, and manure in the dunghill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heat</hw> (h&ebreve;t), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Heat</u>. <def>Heated; as, the iron though <i>heat</i> red-
hot.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heat"er</hw> (h&emacr;t"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, heats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any contrivance or implement, as a
furnace, stove, or other heated body or vessel, etc., used to impart
heat to something, or to contain something to be heated.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Feed heater</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Feed</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Heath</hw> (h&emacr;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>heth</i>
waste land, the plant heath, AS. <i>h&aemacr;&eth;</i>; akin to D. &
G. <i>heide</i>, Icel. <i>hei&eth;r</i> waste land, Dan. <i>hede</i>,
Sw. <i>hed</i>, Goth. <i>hai&thorn;i</i> field, L. <i>bucetum</i> a
cow pasture; cf. W. <i>coed</i> a wood, Skr. <i>ksh&emacr;tra</i>
field. &radic;20.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A low shrub (<i>Erica, or Calluna,
vulgaris</i>), with minute evergreen leaves, and handsome clusters of
pink flowers. It is used in Great Britain for brooms, thatch, beds
for the poor, and for heating ovens. It is also called
<i>heather</i>, and <i>ling</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Also,
any species of the genus <i>Erica</i>, of which several are European,
and many more are South African, some of great beauty. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Heather</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place overgrown with heath; any
cheerless tract of country overgrown with shrubs or coarse
herbage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their stately growth, though bare,<BR>
Stands on the blasted <i>heath</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton</i></p>

<p><col><b>Heath cock</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
blackcock. See <i>Heath grouse</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Heath
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of perennial grass, of the
genus <i>Triodia</i> (<i>T. decumbens</i>), growing on dry
heaths.</cd> -- <col><b>Heath grouse</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Heath game</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European
grouse (<i>Tetrao tetrix</i>), which inhabits heaths; -- called also
<i>black game</i>, <i>black grouse</i>, <i>heath poult</i>, <i>heath
fowl</i>, <i>moor fowl</i>. The male is called <i>heath cock</i>, and
<i>blackcock</i>; the female, <i>heath hen</i>, and <i>gray
hen</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Heath hen</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Heath grouse</i> (above).</cd> -- <col><b>Heath
pea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of bitter vetch
(<i>Lathyrus macrorhizus</i>), the tubers of which are eaten, and in
Scotland are used to flavor whisky.</cd> -- <col><b>Heath
throstle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European thrush which
frequents heaths; the ring ouzel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Heath"clad`</hw> (-kl&abreve;d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Clad or crowned with heath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hea"then</hw> (h&emacr;"&thlig;'n; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Heathens</b></plw> (-&thlig;'nz) or
<i>collectively</i> <plw><b>Heathen</b></plw>. [OE. <i>hethen</i>,
AS. <i>h&aemacr;&eth;en</i>, prop. an adj. fr. <i>h&aemacr;&eth;</i>
heath, and orig., therefore, one who lives in the country or on the
heaths and in the woods (cf. <i>pagan</i>, fr. <i>pagus</i> village);
akin to OS. <i>h&emacr;&eth;in</i>, adj., D. <i>heiden</i> a heathen,
G. <i>heide</i>, OHG. <i>heidan</i>, Icel. <i>hei&eth;inn</i>, adj.,
Sw. <i>heden</i>, Goth. <i>hai&thorn;n&omacr;</i>, <pos><i>n.
fem.</i></pos> See <u>Heath</u>, and cf. <u>Hoiden</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An individual of the pagan or unbelieving
nations, or those which worship idols and do not acknowledge the true
God; a pagan; an idolater.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An irreligious person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If it is no more than a moral discourse, he may preach
it and they may hear it, and yet both continue unconverted
<i>heathens</i>.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The heathen</b></col>, <cd>as the term is used in the
Scriptures, all people except the Jews; now used of all people except
Christians, Jews, and Mohammedans.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Ask of me, and I shall give thee the <i>heathen</i>
for thine inheritance.</blockquote> <i>Ps. ii. 8.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pagan; gentile. See <u>Pagan</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hea"then</hw> (h&emacr;"&thlig;'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Gentile; pagan; as, a <i>heathen</i>
author.</def> "The <i>heathen</i> philosopher."  "All in gold, like
<i>heathen</i> gods."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Barbarous; unenlightened;
heathenish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Irreligious; scoffing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hea"then*dom</hw> (-d&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&aemacr;&eth;end&omacr;m</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part
of the world where heathenism prevails; the heathen nations,
considered collectively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heathenism.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hea"then*esse</hw> (-&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&aemacr;&eth;ennes</i>, i. e., heathenness.]
<def>Heathendom.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hea"then*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&aemacr;&eth;enisc</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining
to the heathen; resembling or characteristic of heathens.</def>
"Worse than <i>heathenish</i> crimes."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rude; uncivilized; savage; cruel.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Irreligious; as, a <i>heathenish</i> way
of living.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hea"then*ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
heathenish manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hea"then*ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being heathenish.</def> "The . . . <i>heathenishness</i>
and profaneness of most playbooks."  <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hea"then*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The religious system or rites of a heathen
nation; idolatry; paganism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The manners or morals usually prevalent in
a heathen country; ignorance; rudeness; barbarism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hea"then*ize</hw> (-&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Heathenized</u> (-&imacr;zd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Heathenizing</u> (-
&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] <def>To render heathen or heathenish.</def>
<i>Firmin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hea"then*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Heathenesse</u>.] <def>State of being heathen or like the
heathen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hea"then*ry</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state, quality, or character of the
heathen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>heathenry</i> and your laziness.</blockquote>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heathendom; heathen nations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heath"er</hw> (h&ebreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r; 277. This is the
only pronunciation in Scotland), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Heath</u>.] <def>Heath.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Gorse and grass<BR>
And <i>heather</i>, where his footsteps pass,<BR>
The brighter seem.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Heather bell</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>one of the
pretty subglobose flowers of two European kinds of heather (<i>Erica
Tetralix</i>, and <i>E. cinerea</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Heath"er*y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heathy;
abounding in heather; of the nature of heath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heath"y</hw> (h&emacr;th"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Full of heath; abounding with heath; as, <i>heathy</i> land;
<i>heathy</i> hills.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heat"ing</hw> (h&emacr;t"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>That heats or imparts heat; promoting warmth or heat; exciting
action; stimulating; as, <i>heating</i> medicines or
applications.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Heating surface</b></col> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i>, <cd>the
aggregate surface exposed to fire or to the heated products of
combustion, esp. of all the plates or sheets that are exposed to
water on their opposite surfaces; -- called also <i>fire
surface</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Heat"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a heating
manner; so as to make or become hot or heated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heat"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of heat;
cold.</def> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heave</hw> (h&emacr;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Heaved</u> (h&emacr;vd), or <u>Hove</u>
(h&omacr;v); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Heaved</u>, <u>Hove</u>,
formerly <u>Hoven</u> (h&omacr;"v'n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Heaving</u>.] [OE. <i>heven</i>, <i>hebben</i>, AS.
<i>hebban</i>; akin to OS. <i>hebbian</i>, D. <i>heffen</i>, OHG.
<i>heffan</i>, <i>hevan</i>, G. <i>heben</i>, Icel. <i>hefja</i>, Sw.
<i>h&auml;fva</i>, Dan. <i>h&aelig;ve</i>, Goth. <i>hafjan</i>, L.
<i>capere</i> to take, seize; cf. Gr. <grk>kw`ph</grk> handle.  Cf.
<u>Accept</u>, <u>Behoof</u>, <u>Capacious</u>, <u>Forceps</u>,
<u>Haft</u>, <u>Receipt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to
move upward or onward by a lifting effort; to lift; to raise; to
hoist; -- often with <i>up</i>; as, the wave <i>heaved</i> the boat
on land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>heaved</i> ahigh, to be hurled down
below.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Heave</i>, as now used, implies that the thing raised is
heavy or hard to move; but formerly it was used in a less restricted
sense.</p>

<p><blockquote>Here a little child I stand,<BR>
<i>Heaving</i> up my either hand.</blockquote> <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw; to cast; -- obsolete,
provincial, or colloquial, except in certain nautical phrases; as, to
<i>heave</i> the lead; to <i>heave</i> the log.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To force from, or into, any position; to
cause to move; also, to throw off; -- mostly used in certain nautical
phrases; as, to <i>heave</i> the ship ahead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To raise or force from the breast; to
utter with effort; as, to <i>heave</i> a sigh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wretched animal <i>heaved</i> forth such
groans.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause to swell or rise, as the breast
or bosom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The glittering, finny swarms<BR>
That <i>heave</i> our friths, and crowd upon our shores.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To heave a cable short</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to
haul in cable till the ship is almost perpendicularly above the
anchor.</cd> -- <col><b>To heave a ship ahead</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to warp her ahead when not under sail, as by
means of cables.</cd> -- <col><b>To heave a ship down</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to throw or lay her down on one side; to careen
her.</cd> -- <col><b>To heave a ship to</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to bring the ship's head to the wind, and stop her motion.</cd> -
- <col><b>To heave about</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to put about
suddenly.</cd> -- <col><b>To heave in</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to shorten (cable).</cd> -- <col><b>To heave in stays</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to put a vessel on the other tack.</cd> --
<col><b>To heave out a sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to unfurl
it.</cd> -- <col><b>To heave taut</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to
turn a capstan, etc., till the rope becomes strained. See
<u>Taut</u>, and <u>Tight</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To heave the
lead</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to take soundings with lead and
line.</cd> -- <col><b>To heave the log</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Log</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To heave up anchor</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to raise it from the bottom of the sea or
elsewhere.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 680 !></p>

<p><hw>Heave</hw> (h&emacr;v), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be thrown up or raised; to rise upward, as
a tower or mound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the huge columns <i>heave</i> into the
sky.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where <i>heaves</i> the turf in many a moldering
heap.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>heaving</i> sods of Bunker Hill.</blockquote>
<i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rise and fall with alternate motions,
as the lungs in heavy breathing, as waves in a heavy sea, as ships on
the billows, as the earth when broken up by frost, etc.; to swell; to
dilate; to expand; to distend; hence, to labor; to
struggle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Frequent for breath his panting bosom
<i>heaves</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>heaving</i> plain of ocean.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make an effort to raise, throw, or move
anything; to strain to do something difficult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Church of England had struggled and <i>heaved</i>
at a reformation ever since Wyclif's days.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make an effort to vomit; to retch; to
vomit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To heave at</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To make an
effort at.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To attack, to oppose.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Fuller.</i> -- <col><b>To heave in sight</b></col> <cd>(as
a ship at sea), to come in sight; to appear.</cd> -- <col><b>To heave
up</b></col>, <cd>to vomit.</cd> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Heave</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
effort to raise something, as a weight, or one's self, or to move
something heavy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After many strains and <i>heaves</i><BR>
He got up to his saddle eaves.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An upward motion; a rising; a swell or
distention, as of the breast in difficult breathing, of the waves, of
the earth in an earthquake, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There's matter in these sighs, these profound
<i>heaves</i>,<BR>
You must translate.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>None could guess whether the next <i>heave</i> of the
earthquake would settle . . . or swallow them.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A horizontal dislocation in
a metallic lode, taking place at an intersection with another
lode.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heav"en</hw> (h&ebreve;v"'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>heven</i>, <i>hefen</i>, <i>heofen</i>, AS. <i>heofon</i>; akin to
OS. <i>hevan</i>, LG. <i>heben</i>, <i>heven</i>, Icel.
<i>hifinn</i>; of uncertain origin, cf. D. <i>hemel</i>, G.
<i>himmel</i>, Icel. <i>himmin</i>, Goth. <i>himins</i>; perh. akin
to, or influenced by, the root of E. <i>heave</i>, or from a root
signifying <i>to cover</i>, cf. Goth. <i>gaham&omacr;n</i> to put on,
clothe one's self, G. <i>hemd</i> shirt, and perh. E.
<i>chemise</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The expanse of space
surrounding the earth; esp., that which seems to be over the earth
like a great arch or dome; the firmament; the sky; the place where
the sun, moon, and stars appear; -- often used in the plural in this
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I never saw the <i>heavens</i> so dim by
day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When my eyes shall be turned to behold for the last
time the sun in <i>heaven</i>.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dwelling place of the Deity; the abode
of bliss; the place or state of the blessed after death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unto the God of love, high <i>heaven's</i>
King.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a knell<BR>
That summons thee to <i>heaven</i> or to hell.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>New thoughts of God, new hopes of
<i>Heaven</i>.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this general sense <i>heaven</i> and its corresponding
words in other languages have as various definite interpretations as
there are phases of religious belief.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The sovereign of heaven; God; also, the
assembly of the blessed, collectively; -- used variously in this
sense, as in No. 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her prayers, whom <i>Heaven</i> delights to
hear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The will<BR>
And high permission of all-ruling <i>Heaven</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any place of supreme happiness or great
comfort; perfect felicity; bliss; a sublime or exalted condition; as,
a <i>heaven</i> of delight.</def> "A <i>heaven</i> of beauty."
<i>Shak.</i> "The brightest <i>heaven</i> of invention."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O bed! bed! delicious bed!<BR>
That <i>heaven</i> upon earth to the weary head!</blockquote>
<i>Hood.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Heaven</i> is very often used, esp. with participles, in
forming compound words, most of which need no special explanation;
as, <i>heaven</i>-appeasing, <i>heaven</i>-aspiring, <i>heaven</i>-
begot, <i>heaven</i>-born, <i>heaven</i>-bred, <i>heaven</i>-
conducted, <i>heaven</i>-descended, <i>heaven</i>-directed,
<i>heaven</i>-exalted, <i>heaven</i>-given, <i>heaven</i>-guided,
<i>heaven</i>-inflicted, <i>heaven</i>-inspired, <i>heaven</i>-
instructed, <i>heaven</i>-kissing, <i>heaven</i>-loved,
<i>heaven</i>-moving, <i>heaven</i>-protected, <i>heaven</i>-taught,
<i>heaven</i>-warring, and the like.</p>

<p><hw>Heav"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Heavened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Heavening</u>.] <def>To place in happiness or bliss, as if in
heaven; to beatify.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We are happy as the bird whose nest<BR>
Is <i>heavened</i> in the hush of purple hills.</blockquote> <i>G.
Massey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heav"en*ize</hw> (h&ebreve;v"'n*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To render like heaven or fit for heaven.</def> [R.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heav"en*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Heavenly</u>.] <def>The state or quality of being heavenly.</def>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heav"en*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>heofonic</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, resembling, or inhabiting
heaven; celestial; not earthly; as, <i>heavenly</i> regions;
<i>heavenly</i> music.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As is the <i>heavenly</i>, such are they also that are
<i>heavenly</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xv. 48.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Appropriate to heaven in character or
happiness; perfect; pure; supremely blessed; as, a <i>heavenly</i>
race; the <i>heavenly</i>, throng.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The love of heaven makes one
<i>heavenly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heav"en*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a manner resembling that of heaven.</def> "She was
<i>heavenly</i> true."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By the influence or agency of
heaven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Out <i>heavenly</i> guided soul shall
climb.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heav"en*ly-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the thoughts and affections placed on, or suitable for, heaven and
heavenly objects; devout; godly; pious.</def> <i>Milner.</i> --
<wf>Heav"en*ly-mind`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Heav"en*ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward
heaven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heave" of`fer*ing</hw> (?). <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>An
offering or oblation heaved up or elevated before the altar, as the
shoulder of the peace offering. See <u>Wave offering</u>.</def>
  <i>Ex. xxix. 27.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, heaves or lifts; a laborer employed on
docks in handling freight; as, a coal <i>heaver</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A bar used as a
lever.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heaves</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A disease of
horses, characterized by difficult breathing, with heaving of the
flank, wheezing, flatulency, and a peculiar cough; broken
wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heav"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From 2d
<u>Heavy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a heavy manner; with great
weight; as, to bear <i>heavily</i> on a thing; to be <i>heavily</i>
loaded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Heavily</i> interested in those schemes of
emigration.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As if burdened with a great weight; slowly
and laboriously; with difficulty; hence, in a slow, difficult, or
suffering manner; sorrowfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And took off their chariot wheels, that they drave
them <i>heavily</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xiv. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why looks your grace so <i>heavily</i> to-
day?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>heavily-traveled</hw>, <hw>heavily traveled</hw>
<pos><i>adj.</i></pos>  <def>subject to much traffic or travel; as,
the region's most <i>heavily traveled</i> highways.</def> <i></i><BR>
<b>Syn. --</b> heavily traveled.<BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><hw>Heav"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being heavy in its various senses; weight; sadness;
sluggishness; oppression; thickness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heav"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lifting or
rising; a swell; a panting or deep sighing.</def>  <i>Addison.</i>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heav"i*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heavy;
dull.</def> [Prov.]</p>

<p><hw>Heav"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
heaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heav"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Heavier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Heaviest</u>.] [OE. <i>hevi</i>, AS.
<i>hefig</i>, fr. <i>hebban</i> to lift, heave; akin to OHG.
<i>hebig</i>, <i>hevig</i>, Icel. <i>h&ouml;figr</i>,
<i>h&ouml;fugr</i>. See <u>Heave</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Heaved
or lifted with labor; not light; weighty; ponderous; as, a
<i>heavy</i> stone; hence, sometimes, large in extent, quantity, or
effects; as, a <i>heavy</i> fall of rain or snow; a <i>heavy</i>
failure; <i>heavy</i> business transactions, etc.; often implying
strength; as, a <i>heavy</i> barrier; also, difficult to move; as, a
<i>heavy</i> draught.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not easy to bear; burdensome; oppressive;
hard to endure or accomplish; hence, grievous, afflictive; as,
<i>heavy</i> yokes, expenses, undertakings, trials, news,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hand of the Lord was <i>heavy</i> upon them of
Ashdod.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. v. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king himself hath a <i>heavy</i> reckoning to
make.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sent hither to impart the <i>heavy</i>
news.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Trust him not in matter of <i>heavy</i>
consequence.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Laden with that which is weighty;
encumbered; burdened; bowed down, either with an actual burden, or
with care, grief, pain, disappointment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>heavy</i> [sorrowing] nobles all in council
were.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A light wife doth make a <i>heavy</i>
husband.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Slow; sluggish; inactive; or lifeless,
dull, inanimate, stupid; as, a <i>heavy</i> gait, looks, manners,
style, and the like; a <i>heavy</i> writer or book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whilst the <i>heavy</i> plowman snores.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of a <i>heavy</i>, dull, degenerate mind.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither [is] his ear <i>heavy</i>, that it can not
hear.</blockquote> <i>Is. lix. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Strong; violent; forcible; as, a
<i>heavy</i> sea, storm, cannonade, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Loud; deep; -- said of sound; as,
<i>heavy</i> thunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But, hark! that <i>heavy</i> sound breaks in once
more.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Dark with clouds, or ready to rain;
gloomy; -- said of the sky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Impeding motion; cloggy; clayey; -- said
of earth; as, a <i>heavy</i> road, soil, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Not raised or made light; as, <i>heavy</i>
bread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Not agreeable to, or suitable for, the
stomach; not easily digested; -- said of food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Having much body or strength; -- said of
wines, or other liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>With child; pregnant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Heavy artillery</b></col>. <i>(Mil.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Guns of great weight or large caliber, esp.
siege, garrison, and seacoast guns.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Troops which serve heavy guns.</cd> -- <col><b>Heavy
cavalry</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cavalry</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Heavy fire</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a continuous or
destructive cannonading, or discharge of small arms.</cd> --
<col><b>Heavy metal</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>large guns carrying
balls of a large size; also, large balls for such guns.</cd> --
<col><b>Heavy metals</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Metal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Heavy weight</b></col>, <cd>in
wrestling, boxing, etc., a term applied to the heaviest of the
classes into which contestants are divided.  Cf. <i>Feather
weight</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>, under <u>Feather</u>.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Heavy</i> is used in composition to form many words
which need no special explanation; as, <i>heavy</i>-built,
<i>heavy</i>-browed, <i>heavy</i>-gaited, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Heav"y</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Heavily; -- sometimes
used in composition; as, <i>heavy</i>-laden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heav"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make heavy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heav"y-armed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>Wearing heavy or complete armor; carrying heavy arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heav"y-had"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clumsy;
awkward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heav"y-head"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dull;
stupid.</def> "Gross <i>heavy-headed</i> fellows."  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heav"y spar`</hw> (?). <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native barium
sulphate or barite, -- so called because of its high specific gravity
as compared with other non-metallic minerals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heb"do*mad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>hebdomas</i>,
<i>-adis</i>, Gr. <grk>"ebdoma`s</grk> the number seven days, fr. &?;
seventh, &?; seven. See <u>Seven</u>.] <def>A week; a period of seven
days.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Heb*dom"a*dal</hw> (?), <hw>Heb*dom"a*da*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hebdomadalis</i>, LL.
<i>hebdomadarius</i>: cf. F. <i>hebdomadaire</i>.] <def>Consisting of
seven days, or occurring at intervals of seven days;
weekly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heb*dom"a*dal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
periods of seven days; weekly.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heb*dom"a*da*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>hebdomadarius</i>: cf. F. <i>hebdomadier</i>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>A member of a chapter or convent, whose week it is to officiate
in the choir, and perform other services, which, on extraordinary
occasions, are performed by the superiors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heb`do*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hebdomaticus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Weekly; hebdomadal.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>He"be</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>"h`bh</grk> youth, <grk>"H`bh</grk> Hebe.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The goddess of
youth, daughter of Jupiter and Juno. She was believed to have the
power of restoring youth and beauty to those who had lost
them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African ape; the
hamadryas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heb"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ebony.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heb"e*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Henbane</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heb"e*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hebetated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hebetating</u>.] [L. <i>hebetatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>hebetare</i> to dull. See <u>Hebete</u>.] <def>To render obtuse;
to dull; to blunt; to stupefy; as, to <i>hebetate</i> the
intellectual faculties.</def>  <i>Southey</i></p>

<p><hw>Heb"e*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Obtuse; dull.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a dull or blunt and
soft point.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heb`e*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hebetatio</i>: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;b&eacute;tation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of making blunt, dull, or
stupid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being blunted or
dulled.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*bete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hebes</i>,
<i>hebetis</i>, dull, stupid, fr. <i>hebere</i> to be dull.]
<def>Dull; stupid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Heb"e*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hebetudo</i>.] <def>Dullness; stupidity.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>He"bra"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Hebraicus</i>,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>hebra&iuml;que</i>. See <u>Hebrew</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the Hebrews, or to the language of the
Hebrews.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*bra"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>After
the manner of the Hebrews or of the Hebrew language.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"bra*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;bra&iuml;sme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Hebrew idiom or custom; a peculiar
expression or manner of speaking in the Hebrew language.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The type of character of the
Hebrews.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The governing idea of <i>Hebraism</i> is strictness of
conscience.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>He"bra*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;bra&iuml;ste</i>.] <def>One versed in the Hebrew language
and learning.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`bra*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or resembling, the Hebrew language or idiom.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`bra*is"tic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
Hebraistic sense or form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which is <i>Hebraistically</i> used in the New
Testament.</blockquote> <i>Kitto.</i></p>

<p><hw>He"bra*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to speak
Hebrew: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;bra&iuml;ser</i>.] <def>To convert into
the Hebrew idiom; to make Hebrew or Hebraistic.</def>  <i>J. R.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>He"bra*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hebraized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hebraizing</u>.] <def>To speak Hebrew, or to conform to the Hebrew
idiom, or to Hebrew customs.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"brew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>H&eacute;breu</i>, L. <i>Hebraeus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. Heb.
<i>'ibhr&imacr;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An appellative of
Abraham or of one of his descendants, esp. in the line of Jacob; an
Israelite; a Jew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There came one that had escaped and told Abram the
<i>Hebrew</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xiv. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of the Hebrews; -- one of the
Semitic family of languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"brew</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Hebrews; as, the <i>Hebrew</i> language or rites.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"brew*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Israelitish
woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*bri"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Hebraist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>He*brid"e*an</hw> (?), <hw>He*brid"i*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the islands called
Hebrides, west of Scotland.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native or inhabitant of the Hebrides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hec"a*tomb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hecatombe</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; hundred + &?; ox: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;catombe</i>.] <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A sacrifice of a
hundred oxen or cattle at the same time; hence, the sacrifice or
slaughter of any large number of victims.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Slaughtered <i>hecatombs</i> around them
bleed.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>More than a human <i>hecatomb</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hec`a*tom"pe*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
hundred feet long, &?; &?; the Parthenon; &?; hundred + &?; foot.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A name given to the old Parthenon at Athens,
because measuring 100 Greek feet, probably in the width across the
stylobate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hec"de*cane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; six + &?;
ten.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, semisolid, spermaceti-like
hydrocarbon, C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>34</sub>, of the paraffin series,
found dissolved as an important ingredient of kerosene, and so called
because each molecule has sixteen atoms of carbon; -- called also
<i>hexadecane</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hatch</u> a half
door.] [Written also <i>hack</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The bolt
or latch of a door.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rack for cattle to feed at.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A door, especially one partly of
latticework; -- called also <i>heck door</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A latticework contrivance for catching
fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>An apparatus for
separating the threads of warps into sets, as they are wound upon the
reel from the bobbins, in a warping machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A bend or winding of a stream.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Half heck</b></col>, <cd>the lower half of a door.</cd> --
<col><b>Heck board</b></col>, <cd>the loose board at the bottom or
back of a cart.</cd> -- <col><b>Heck</b></col> <col><b>box or
frame</b></col>, <cd>that which carries the heck in warping.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Heck"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European blue titmouse (<i>Parus c&oelig;ruleus</i>).</def>
[Written also <i>heckimel</i>, <i>hackeymal</i>, <i>hackmall</i>,
<i>hagmall</i>, and <i>hickmall</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hec"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hackle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hec"tare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Gr. &?;
hundred + F. <i>are</i> an are.] <def>A measure of area, or
superficies, containing a hundred ares, or 10,000 square meters, and
equivalent to 2.471 acres.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>hectique</i>,
Gr. &?; habitual, consumptive, fr. &?; habit, a habit of body or
mind, fr. &?; to have; akin to Skr. <i>sah</i> to overpower, endure;
cf. AS. <i>sige</i>, <i>sigor</i>, victory, G. <i>sieg</i>, Goth.
<i>sigis</i>.  Cf. <u>Scheme</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Habitual;
constitutional; pertaining especially to slow waste of animal tissue,
as in consumption; as, a <i>hectic</i> type in disease; a
<i>hectic</i> flush.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a hectic condition; having hectic
fever; consumptive; as, a <i>hectic</i> patient.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hectic fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a fever of
irritation and debility, occurring usually at a advanced stage of
exhausting disease, as a in pulmonary consumption.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hec"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hectic fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hectic flush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is no living hue, but a strange
<i>hectic</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><! p. 681 !></p>

<p><hw>Hec`to*cot"y*lized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Changed into a hectocotylus; having a
hectocotylis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hec`to*cot"y*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hectocotyli</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a hundred + &?;
a hollow vessel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the arms of the
male of most kinds of cephalopods, which is specially modified in
various ways to effect the fertilization of the eggs. In a special
sense, the greatly modified arm of Argonauta and allied genera,
which, after receiving the spermatophores, becomes detached from the
male, and attaches itself to the female for reproductive
purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hec"to*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hectogramme</i>, fr. Gr. &?; hundred + F. <i>gramme</i> a gram.]
<def>A measure of weight, containing a hundred grams, or about 3.527
ounces avoirdupois.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hec"to*gramme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The
same as <u>Hectogram</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hec"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; hundred +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>A contrivance for multiple copying, by means of
a surface of gelatin softened with glycerin.</def> [Written also
<i>hectograph</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Hec"to*li`ter</hw>, <hw>Hec"to*li`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>hectolitre</i>, fr. Gr. &?; hundred + F.
<i>litre</i> a liter.] <def>A measure of liquids, containing a
hundred liters; equal to a tenth of a cubic meter, nearly 26&frac12;
gallons of wine measure, or 22.0097 imperial gallons. As a dry
measure, it contains ten decaliters, or about 2&frac56; Winchester
bushels.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hec"to*me`ter</hw>, <hw>Hec"to*me`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. &?; <i>hectom&egrave;tre</i>, fr. Gr. &?;
hundred + F. <i>m&egrave;tre</i> a meter.] <def>A measure of length,
equal to a hundred meters. It is equivalent to 328.09 feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hec"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the Trojan
warrior <i>Hector</i>, the son of Priam.] <def>A bully; a blustering,
turbulent, insolent, fellow; one who vexes or provokes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hec"tor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hectored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hectoring</u>.] <def>To treat with insolence; to threaten; to
bully; hence, to torment by words; to tease; to taunt; to worry or
irritate by bullying.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hec"tor</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the bully;
to bluster; to be turbulent or insolent.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hec"to*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
disposition or the practice of a hector; a bullying.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hec"tor*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
hector; blustering; insolent; taunting.</def> "<i>Hectorly</i>,
ruffianlike swaggering or huffing."  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hec"to*stere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hectost&egrave;re</i>; Gr. &?; hundred + F. <i>st&egrave;re</i>.]
<def>A measure of solidity, containing one hundred cubic meters, and
equivalent to 3531.66 English or 3531.05 United States cubic
feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hed"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Heddles</b></plw> (#). [Cf. <u>Heald</u>.] <i>(Weaving)</i>
<def>One of the sets of parallel doubled threads which, with
mounting, compose the harness employed to guide the warp threads to
the lathe or batten in a loom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hed"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To draw (the warp
thread) through the heddle-eyes, in weaving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hed"dle-eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Weaving)</i>
<def>The eye or loop formed in each heddle to receive a warp
thread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hed"dling</hw> (?), <pos><i>vb. n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
drawing the warp threads through the heddle-eyes of a weaver's
harness; the harness itself.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hed`er*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hederaceus</i>, fr. <i>hedera</i> ivy.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or
resembling, ivy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hed"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to ivy.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*der"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or derived from, the ivy (<i>Hedera</i>); as, <i>hederic</i> acid, an
acid of the acetylene series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hed`er*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hedera</i> ivy + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing ivy; ivy-
bearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hed"er*ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hederosus</i>, fr. <i>hedera</i> ivy.] <def>Pertaining to, or of,
ivy; full of ivy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hedge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hegge</i>, AS.
<i>hecg</i>; akin to <i>haga</i> an inclosure, E. <i>haw</i>, AS.
<i>hege</i> hedge, E. <i>hay</i>bote, D. <i>hegge</i>, OHG.
<i>hegga</i>, G. <i>hecke</i>. &radic;12. See <u>Haw</u> a hedge.]
<def>A thicket of bushes, usually thorn bushes; especially, such a
thicket planted as a fence between any two portions of land; and also
any sort of shrubbery, as evergreens, planted in a line or as a
fence; particularly, such a thicket planted round a field to fence
it, or in rows to separate the parts of a garden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The roughest berry on the rudest
<i>hedge</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Through the verdant maze<BR>
Of sweetbrier <i>hedges</i> I pursue my walk.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Hedge</i>, when used adjectively or in composition,
often means <i>rustic</i>, <i>outlandish</i>, <i>illiterate</i>,
<i>poor</i>, or <i>mean</i>; as, <i>hedge</i> priest;
<i>hedge</i>born, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Hedge bells</b></col>, <col><b>Hedge bindweed</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a climbing plant related to the morning-glory
(<i>Convolvulus sepium</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Hedge bill</b></col>,
<cd>a long-handled billhook.</cd> -- <col><b>Hedge garlic</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus <i>Alliaria</i>. See
<i>Garlic mustard</i>, under <u>Garlic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hedge
hyssop</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a bitter herb of the genus
<i>Gratiola</i>, the leaves of which are emetic and purgative.</cd> -
- <col><b>Hedge marriage</b></col>, <cd>a secret or clandestine
marriage, especially one performed by a hedge priest.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Hedge mustard</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the
genus <i>Sisymbrium</i>, belonging to the Mustard family.</cd> --
<col><b>Hedge nettle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an herb, or under
shrub, of the genus <i>Stachys</i>, belonging to the Mint family. It
has a nettlelike appearance, though quite harmless.</cd> --
<col><b>Hedge note</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The note of a
hedge bird.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Low, contemptible
writing.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>Hedge
priest</b></col>, <cd>a poor, illiterate priest.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Hedge school</b></col>, <cd>an open-air school in the shelter
of a hedge, in Ireland; a school for rustics.</cd> -- <col><b>Hedge
sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European warbler
(<i>Accentor modularis</i>) which frequents hedges. Its color is
reddish brown, and ash; the wing coverts are tipped with white.
Called also <i>chanter</i>, <i>hedge warbler</i>, <i>dunnock</i>, and
<i>doney</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hedge writer</b></col>, <cd>an
insignificant writer, or a writer of low, scurrilous stuff.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>To breast up a hedge</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Breast</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To hang in the
hedge</b></col>, <cd>to be at a standstill.</cd> "While the business
of money <i>hangs in the hedge</i>."  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hedge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hedged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hedging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inclose or separate with
a hedge; to fence with a thickly set line or thicket of shrubs or
small trees; as, to <i>hedge</i> a field or garden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obstruct, as a road, with a barrier; to
hinder from progress or success; -- sometimes with <i>up</i> and
<i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>hedge</i> up thy way with
thorns.</blockquote> <i>Hos. ii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lollius Urbius . . . drew another wall . . . to
<i>hedge</i> out incursions from the north.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To surround for defense; to guard; to
protect; to hem (in).</def> "England, <i>hedged</i> in with the
main."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To surround so as to prevent
escape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That is a law to <i>hedge</i> in the
cuckoo.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hedge a bet</b></col>, <cd>to bet upon both sides; that
is, after having bet on one side, to bet also on the other, thus
guarding against loss.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hedge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
shelter one's self from danger, risk, duty, responsibility, etc., as
if by hiding in or behind a hedge; to skulk; to slink; to shirk
obligations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I myself sometimes, leaving the fear of God on the
left hand and hiding mine honor in my necessity, am fain to shuffle,
to <i>hedge</i> and to lurch.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Betting)</i> <def>To reduce the risk of a
wager by making a bet against the side or chance one has bet
on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To use reservations and qualifications in
one's speech so as to avoid committing one's self to anything
definite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Heroic Stanzas read much more like an elaborate
attempt to <i>hedge</i> between the parties than . . . to gain favor
from the Roundheads.</blockquote> <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hedge"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born under a
hedge; of low birth.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hedge"bote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Haybote</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hedge"hog`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small European insectivore (<i>Erinaceus
Europ&aelig;us</i>), and other allied species of Asia and Africa,
having the hair on the upper part of its body mixed with prickles or
spines. It is able to roll itself into a ball so as to present the
spines outwardly in every direction. It is nocturnal in its habits,
feeding chiefly upon insects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Canadian
porcupine.</def>[U.S]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of <i>Medicago</i>
(<i>M. intertexta</i>), the pods of which are armed with short
spines; -- popularly so called.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A form of dredging machine.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hedgehog caterpillar</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the hairy larv&aelig; of several species of bombycid moths, as of
the Isabella moth. It curls up like a hedgehog when disturbed. See
<u>Woolly bear</u>, and <u>Isabella moth</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hedgehog fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any spinose
plectognath fish, esp. of the genus <i>Diodon</i>; the porcupine
fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Hedgehog grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
grass with spiny involucres, growing on sandy shores; burgrass
(<i>Cenchrus tribuloides</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Hedgehog rat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several West Indian rodents, allied
to the porcupines, but with ratlike tails, and few quills, or only
stiff bristles. The hedgehog rats belong to <i>Capromys</i>,
<i>Plagiodon</i>, and allied genera.</cd> -- <col><b>Hedgehog
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any spinose, marine,
univalve shell of the genus <i>Murex</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hedgehog
thistle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the Cactus family,
globular in form, and covered with spines (<i>Echinocactus</i>).</cd>
-- <col><b>Sea hedgehog</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Diodon</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hedge"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
hedge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hedge"pig`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young
hedgehog.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hedg"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes or
mends hedges; also, one who hedges, as, in betting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hedge"row`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A row of
shrubs, or trees, planted for inclosure or separation of
fields.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>hedgerow</i> elms and hillocks
green.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hedg"ing bill`</hw> (?). <def>A hedge bill. See under
<u>Hedge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*don"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
pleasure, &?; sweet, pleasant.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to
pleasure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or relating to Hedonism or the Hedonic
sect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hedonic sect</b></col> <cd>a sect that placed the highest
good in the gratification of the senses, -- called also <i>Cyrenaic
sect</i>, (which see), and <i>School of Aristippus</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>He*don"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Philos.)</i>
<def>That branch of moral philosophy which treats of the relation of
duty to pleasure; the science of practical, positive enjoyment or
pleasure.</def> <i>J. Grote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hed"on*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The doctrine of the Hedonic sect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The ethical theory which finds the
explanation and authority of duty in its tendency to give
pleasure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hed"on*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes in hedonism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hed`o*nis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hedonic</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heed</hw> (h&emacr;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Heeded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Heeding</u>.] [OE. <i>heden</i>, AS. <i>h&emacr;dan</i>; akin to
OS. <i>h&omacr;dian</i>, D. <i>hoeden</i>, Fries. <i>hoda</i>, OHG.
<i>huoten</i>, G. <i>h&uuml;ten</i>, Dan. <i>hytte</i>. &radic;13.
Cf. <u>Hood</u>.] <def>To mind; to regard with care; to take notice
of; to attend to; to observe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With pleasure Argus the musician
<i>heeds</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To notice; regard; mind. See <u>Attend</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Heed</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To mind; to
consider.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Attention; notice; observation; regard; -- often with
<i>give</i> or <i>take</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With wanton <i>heed</i> and giddy
cunning.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Amasa took no <i>heed</i> to the sword that was in
Joab's hand.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xx. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Birds give more <i>heed</i> and mark words more than
beasts.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Careful consideration; obedient
regard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore we ought to give the more earnest
<i>heed</i> to the things which we have heard.</blockquote> <i>Heb.
ii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A look or expression of heading.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He did it with a serious mind; a <i>heed</i><BR>
Was in his countenance.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heed"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of heed;
regarding with care; cautious; circumspect; attentive;
vigilant.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Heed"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Heed"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Heed"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without heed or
care; inattentive; careless; thoughtless; unobservant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, negligent and <i>heedless</i>
discipline!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>heedless</i> lover does not know<BR>
Whose eyes they are that wound him so.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Heed"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Heed"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Heed"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heedful.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Heedy</i> shepherds." <i>Spenser.</i> --
<wf>Heed"i*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] --
<wf>Heed"i*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heel</hw> (h&emacr;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>helden</i> to lean, incline, AS. <i>heldan</i>, <i>hyldan</i>;
akin to Icel. <i>halla</i>, Dan. <i>helde</i>, Sw. <i>h&auml;lla</i>
to tilt, pour, and perh. to E. <i>hill</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
lean or tip to one side, as a ship; as, the ship <i>heels</i> aport;
the boat <i>heeled</i> over when the squall struck it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Heeling error</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a deviation of
the compass caused by the heeling of an iron vessel to one side or
the other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Heel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hele</i>,
<i>heele</i>, AS. <i>h&emacr;la</i>, perh. for <i>h&omacr;hila</i>,
fr. AS. <i>h&omacr;h</i> heel (cf. <u>Hough</u>); but cf. D.
<i>hiel</i>, OFries. <i>heila</i>, <i>h&emacr;la</i>, Icel.
<i>h&aelig;ll</i>, Dan. <i>h&aelig;l</i>, Sw. <i>h&auml;l</i>, and L.
<i>calx</i>. &radic;12.  Cf. <u>Inculcate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The hinder part of the foot; sometimes, the whole foot; -- in
man or quadrupeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [the stag] calls to mind his strength and then his
speed,<BR>
His winged <i>heels</i> and then his armed head.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The hinder part of any covering for the
foot, as of a shoe, sock, etc.; specif., a solid part projecting
downward from the hinder part of the sole of a boot or
shoe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The latter or remaining part of anything;
the closing or concluding part.</def> "The <i>heel</i> of a hunt."
<i>A. Trollope.</i> "The <i>heel</i> of the white loaf." <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything regarded as like a human heel in
shape; a protuberance; a knob.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The part of a thing corresponding in
position to the human heel; the lower part, or part on which a thing
rests</def>; especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
after end of a ship's keel.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The lower end of a mast, a boom, the bowsprit, the sternpost,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>In a small arm, the
corner of the but which is upwards in the firing position.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The uppermost part of the
blade of a sword, next to the hilt.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<def>The part of any tool next the tang or handle; as, the
<i>heel</i> of a scythe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>Management by the heel,
especially the spurred heel; as, the horse understands the
<i>heel</i> well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
lower end of a timber in a frame, as a post or rafter. In the United
States, specif., the obtuse angle of the lower end of a rafter set
sloping.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A cyma reversa; -- so called
by workmen.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Heel chain</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a chain passing
from the bowsprit cap around the heel of the jib boom.</cd> --
<col><b>Heel plate</b></col>, <cd>the butt plate of a gun.</cd> --
<col><b>Heel of a rafter</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Heel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</cd> -- <col><b>Heel
ring</b></col>, <cd>a ring for fastening a scythe blade to the
snath.</cd> -- <col><b>Neck and heels</b></col>, <cd>the whole
body.</cd> (Colloq.) -- <col><b>To be at the heels of</b></col>,
<cd>to pursue closely; to follow hard; as, hungry want <i>is at</i>
my <i>heels</i>.</cd> <i>Otway.</i> -- <col><b>To be down at the
heel</b></col>, <cd>to be slovenly or in a poor plight.</cd> --
<col><b>To be out at the heels</b></col>, <cd>to have on stockings
that are worn out; hence, to be shabby, or in a poor plight.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To cool the heels</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cool</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To go heels over head</b></col>, <cd>to
turn over so as to bring the heels uppermost; hence, to move in a
inconsiderate, or rash, manner.</cd> -- <col><b>To have the heels
of</b></col>, <cd>to outrun.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay by the
heels</b></col>, <cd>to fetter; to shackle; to imprison.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To show the heels</b></col>,
<cd>to flee; to run from.</cd> -- <col><b>To take to the
heels</b></col>, <cd>to flee; to betake to flight.</cd> -- <col><b>To
throw up another's heels</b></col>, <cd>to trip him.</cd>
<i>Bunyan.</i> -- <col><b>To tread upon one's heels</b></col>, <cd>to
follow closely.</cd> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Heeled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Heeling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perform by the use of the
heels, as in dancing, running, and the like.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I cannot sing,<BR>
Nor <i>heel</i> the high lavolt.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To add a heel to; as, to <i>heel</i> a
shoe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To arm with a gaff, as a cock for
fighting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heel"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A composition
of wax and lampblack, used by shoemakers for polishing, and by
antiquaries in copying inscriptions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heel"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cock that strikes well with his heels or spurs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dependent and subservient hanger-on of a
political patron.</def> [Political Cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The army of hungry <i>heelers</i> who do their
bidding.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heel"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
heel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heel"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A piece of armor to protect the heels.</def>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of leather fixed on the heel of a
shoe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The end.</def> "The <i>heelpiece</i> of
his book."  <i>Lloyd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heel"post`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The post supporting the outer end of a propeller
shaft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>The post to which a gate or
door is hinged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Engineering)</i> <def>The quoin post of a
lock gate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heel"spur`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A slender bony or cartilaginous process developed from the heel
bone of bats. It helps to support the wing membranes. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Cheiropter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heel"tap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the segments of leather in the heel of a shoe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small portion of liquor left in a glass
after drinking.</def> "Bumpers around and no <i>heeltaps</i>."
<i>Sheridan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heel"tap`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Heeltapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Heeltapping</u>.] <def>To add a piece of leather to the heel of (a
shoe, boot, etc.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Heel"tool`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tool used by
turners in metal, having a bend forming a heel near the cutting
end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heep</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hip of the dog-
rose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Heer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A
yarn measure of six hundred yards or &frac1x24; of a spindle. See
<u>Spindle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hair</u>.]
<def>Hair.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 682 !></p>

<p><hw>Heft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Haft</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heft</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Heave</u>: cf.
<i>hefe</i> weight.  Cf. <u>Haft</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or effort of heaving&?; violent strain or exertion.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He craks his gorge, his sides,<BR>
With violent <i>hefts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weight; ponderousness.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man of his age and <i>heft</i>.</blockquote> <i>T.
Hughes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The greater part or bulk of anything; as,
the <i>heft</i> of the crop was spoiled.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]  <i>J.
Pickering.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heft</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hefted</u> (<u>Heft</u>, obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hefting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To heave up; to
raise aloft.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inflamed with wrath, his raging blade he
<i>heft</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prove or try the weight of by
raising.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Heft"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moderately heavy.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>He*ge"li*an</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to Hegelianism.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
follower of Hegel.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>He*ge"li*an*ism</hw> (?), <hw>He"gel*ism</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The system of logic and philosophy set
forth by <i>Hegel</i>, a German writer (1770-1831).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Heg`e*mon"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Heg`e*mon"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See <u>Hegemony</u>.] <def>Leading;
controlling; ruling; predominant.</def> "Princelike and
<i>hegemonical</i>."  <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>He*gem`o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
guide, leader, fr. &?; to go before.] <def>Leadership; preponderant
influence or authority; -- usually applied to the relation of a
government or state to its neighbors or confederates.</def>
<i>Lieber.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heg"ge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hedge.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>He*gi"ra</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>hejira</i>.] [Ar. <i>hijrah</i> flight.] <def>The flight of
Mohammed from Mecca, September 13, <u>A. D.</u> 622 (subsequently
established as the first year of the Moslem era); hence, any flight
or exodus regarded as like that of Mohammed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The starting point of the Era was made to begin, not from
the date of the flight, but from the first day of the Arabic year,
which corresponds to July 16, <u>A. D.</u> 622.</p>

<p><hw>Heif"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hayfare</i>,
AS. <i>he&aacute;hfore</i>, <i>he&aacute;fore</i>; the second part of
this word seems akin to AS. <i>fearr</i> bull, ox; akin to OHG.
<i>farro</i>, G. <i>farre</i>, D. <i>vaars</i>, heifer, G.
<i>f&auml;rse</i>, and perh. to Gr. &?;, &?;, calf, heifer.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young cow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heigh"-ho</hw> (h&imacr;"-h&omacr;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos>
<def>An exclamation of surprise, joy, dejection, uneasiness,
weariness, etc.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Height</hw> (h&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>hight</i>.] [OE. <i>heighte</i>, <i>heght</i>, <i>heighthe</i>,
AS. <i>he&aacute;h&eth;u</i>, <i>h&emacr;h&eth;u</i> fr. <i>heah</i>
high; akin to D. <i>hoogte</i>, Sw. <i>h&ouml;jd</i>, Dan.
<i>h&ouml;ide</i>, Icel. <i>h&aelig;&eth;</i>, Goth.
<i>hauhi&thorn;a</i>. See <u>High</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
condition of being high; elevated position.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold the <i>height</i> of the stars, how high they
are!</blockquote> <i>Job xxii. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The distance to which anything rises above
its foot, above that on which in stands, above the earth, or above
the level of the sea; altitude; the measure upward from a surface, as
the floor or the ground, of an animal, especially of a man;
stature.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Goliath's] <i>height</i> was six cubits and a
span.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xvii. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Degree of latitude either north or
south.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Guinea lieth to the north sea, in the same
<i>height</i> as Peru to the south.</blockquote> <i>Abp.
Abbot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is elevated; an eminence; a
hill or mountain; as, Alpine <i>heights</i>.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Elevation in excellence of any kind, as in
power, learning, arts; also, an advanced degree of social rank;
pre&euml;minence or distinction in society; prominence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Measure your mind's <i>height</i> by the shade it
casts.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All would in his power hold, all make his
subjects.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Progress toward eminence; grade;
degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Social duties are carried to greater <i>heights</i>,
and enforced with stronger motives by the principles of our
religion.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Utmost degree in extent; extreme limit of
energy or condition; as, the <i>height</i> of a fever, of passion, of
madness, of folly; the <i>height</i> of a tempest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My grief was at the <i>height</i> before thou
camest.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On height</b></col>, <cd>aloud.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[He] spake these same words, all <i>on
hight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Height"en</hw> (h&imacr;t"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Written also <i>highten</i>.] [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Heightened</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Heightening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make high; to raise
higher; to elevate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry forward; to advance; to increase;
to augment; to aggravate; to intensify; to render more conspicuous; -
- used of things, good or bad; as, to <i>heighten</i> beauty; to
<i>heighten</i> a flavor or a tint.</def> "To <i>heighten</i> our
confusion."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An aspect of mystery which was easily
<i>heightened</i> to the miraculous.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Height"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>hightener</i>.] <def>One who, or that which, heightens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hei"nous</hw> (h&amacr;"n&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>ha&iuml;nos</i> hateful, F. <i>haineux</i>, fr. OF.
<i>ha&iuml;ne</i> hate, F. <i>haine</i>, fr. <i>ha&iuml;r</i> to
hate; of German origin. See <u>Hate</u>.] <def>Hateful; hatefully
bad; flagrant; odious; atrocious; giving great offense; -- applied to
deeds or to character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were most <i>heinous</i> and accursed
sacrilege.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>heinous</i> had the fact been, how
deserving<BR>
Contempt!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Monstrous; flagrant; flagitious; atrocious.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Hei"nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Hei"nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Heir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>heir</i>,
<i>eir</i>, <i>hair</i>, OF. <i>heir</i>, <i>eir</i>, F. <i>hoir</i>,
L. <i>heres</i>; of uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Hereditary</u>,
<u>Heritage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who inherits, or is
entitled to succeed to the possession of, any property after the
death of its owner; one on whom the law bestows the title or property
of another at the death of the latter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am my father's <i>heir</i> and only
son.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who receives any endowment from an
ancestor or relation; as, the <i>heir</i> of one's reputation or
virtues.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And I his <i>heir</i> in misery alone.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Heir apparent</b></col>. <i>(Law.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Apparent</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Heir at law</b></col>, <cd>one who,
after his ancector's death, has a right to inherit all his intestate
estate.</cd> <i>Wharton (Law Dict.).</i> -- <col><b>Heir
presumptive</b></col>, <cd>one who, if the ancestor should die
immediately, would be his heir, but whose right to the inheritance
may be defeated by the birth of a nearer relative, or by some other
contingency.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Heir</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inherit; to
succeed to.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One only daughter <i>heired</i> the royal
state.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heir"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of an
heir; succession by inheritance.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heir"ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
heir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heir"less</hw> <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of an
heir.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heir"loom`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Heir</i> +
<i>loom</i>, in its earlier sense of <i>implement</i>, <i>tool.</i>
See <u>Loom</u> the frame.] <def>Any furniture, movable, or personal
chattel, which by law or special custom descends to the heir along
with the inheritance; any piece of personal property that has been in
a family for several generations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Woe to him whose daring hand profanes<BR>
The honored <i>heirlooms</i> of his ancestors.</blockquote>
<i>Moir.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heir"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state,
character, or privileges of an heir; right of inheriting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Heirship movables</b></col>, <cd>certain kinds of movables
which the heir is entitled to take, besides the heritable
estate.</cd> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>He*ji"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hegira</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hek"tare`</hw>, <hw>Hek"to*gram</hw>, <hw>Hek"to*li`ter</hw>,
&and; <hw>Hek"to*me`ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hectare</u>, <u>Hectogram</u>, <u>Hectoliter</u>, and
<u>Hectometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hek"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hectograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hel*a*mys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
fawn + &?; mouse.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Jumping hare</i>,
under <u>Hare</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"co*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a wound
+ <i>-plasty</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act or process of repairing
lesions made by ulcers, especially by a plastic operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Held</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Hold</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Heal</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Health; welfare.</def> [Obs.] "In joy and
perfyt <i>hele</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hele</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>helan</i>, akin to
D. <i>helen</i>, OHG. <i>helan</i>, G. <i>hehlen</i>, L.
<i>celare</i>. &radic;17. See <u>Hell</u>, and cf. <u>Conceal</u>.]
<def>To hide; to cover; to roof.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hide and <i>hele</i> things.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hel"e*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. Sp.
<i>helena</i>.] <def>See <i>St. Elmo's fire</i>, under
<u>Saint</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"e*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
neutral organic substance found in the root of the elecampane
(<i>Inula helenium</i>), and extracted as a white crystalline or oily
material, with a slightly bitter taste.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>He"li*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Heliacal.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*li"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; belonging
to the sun, fr. &?; the sun: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;liaque</i>.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Emerging from the light of the sun, or passing
into it; rising or setting at the same, or nearly the same, time as
the sun.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>heliacal</i> rising of a star is when, after being
in conjunction with the sun, and invisible, it emerges from the light
so as to be visible in the morning before sunrising. On the contrary,
the <i>heliacal</i> setting of a star is when the sun approaches
conjunction so near as to render the star invisible.</p>

<p><hw>He*li"a*cal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a heliacal
manner.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>He`li*an"thin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. L.
<i>helianthes</i>, or NL. <i>helianthus</i>, sunflower, in allusion
to its color.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An artificial, orange dyestuff,
analogous to tropaolin, and like it used as an indicator in
alkalimetry; -- called also <i>methyl orange</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`li*an"thoid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Helianthoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||He`li*an"thoi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>helianthes</i> sunflower + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of Anthozoa; the
Actinaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Helix</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to, or in the form of, a helix; spiral; as, a
<i>helical</i> staircase; a <i>helical</i> spring.</def> --
<wf>Hel"i*cal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Hel`i*chry"sum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the
marigold, fr. Gr. &?; a kind of plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
composite plants, with shining, commonly white or yellow, or
sometimes reddish, radiated involucres, which are often called
"everlasting flowers."</def></p>

<p><hw>He*lic"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Helix</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a helix; spiral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"i*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside obtained as a white crystalline substance by partial
oxidation of salicin, from a willow (<i>Salix Helix</i> of
Linn&aelig;us.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"i*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Curled; spiral; helicoid; -- applied esp. to certain arteries of
the penis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"i*co*graph`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Helix</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for drawing spiral lines on a
plane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"i*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>"e`lix</grk>, <grk>-ikos</grk>, spiral + &?; shape: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;lico&iuml;de</i>. See <u>Helix</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Spiral; curved, like the spire of a
univalve shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Shaped like a snail
shell; pertaining to the <i>Helicid&aelig;</i>, or Snail
family.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Helicoid parabola</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the
parabolic spiral.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hel"i*coid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
warped surface which may be generated by a straight line moving in
such a manner that every point of the line shall have a uniform
motion in the direction of another fixed straight line, and at the
same time a uniform angular motion about it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel`i*coid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Helicoid</u>.</def> -- <wf>Hel`i*coid"al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hel"i*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<def>A mountain in B&oelig;otia, in Greece, supposed by the Greeks to
be the residence of Apollo and the Muses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>Helicon's</i> harmonious springs<BR>
A thousand rills their mazy progress take.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hel`i*co"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Helicon</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of numerous species of
<i>Heliconius</i>, a genus of tropical American butterflies. The
wings are usually black, marked with green, crimson, and
white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel`i*co"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Heliconius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
Helicon.</def> "<i>Heliconian</i> honey."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to
the butterflies of the genus <i>Heliconius</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hel`i*co"tre"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"e`lix</grk>, <grk>-ikos</grk>, a helix + &?; a hole.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The opening by which the two scal&aelig;
communicate at the top of the cochlea of the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"li*o-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>"h`lios</grk> <i>the sun</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>He`li*o*cen"tric</hw> (?), <hw>He`li*o*cen"tric"al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Helio-</i> + <i>centric</i>,
<i>centrical</i>: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;liocentrique</i>.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>pertaining to the sun's center, or appearing to
be seen from it; having, or relating to, the sun as a center; --
opposed to <i>geocentrical</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Heliocentric parallax</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Parallax</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Heliocentric place</b></col>,
<col><b>latitude</b></col>, <col><b>longitude</b></col>, <cd>etc. (of
a heavenly body), the direction, latitude, longitude, etc., of the
body as viewed from the sun.</cd></p>

<p><hw>He"li*o*chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Helio-</i> +
Gr. &?; color.] <def>A photograph in colors.</def>  <i>R.
Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>He`li*o*chro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or produced by, heliochromy.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"li*o*chro`my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
producing photographs in color.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"li*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Helio-</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.]ets></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A picture taken by heliography; a
photograph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for taking photographs of
the sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An apparatus for telegraphing by means of
the sun's rays. See <u>Heliotrope</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`li*o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to heliography or a heliograph; made by
heliography.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Heliographic chart</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Chart</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>He`li*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Helio-</i>
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>Photography.</def>  <i>R. Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>He`li*o*grav"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>h&eacute;liogravure</i>.] <def>The process of photographic
engraving.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`li*ol"a*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Helio-</i> +
Gr. &?; servant, worshiper.] <def>A worshiper of the sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`li*ol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Helio-</i> +
Gr. &?; service, worship.] <def>Sun worship. See
<u>Sabianism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"li*o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Helio-</i> +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil coral of the genus
<i>Heliolites</i>, having twelve-rayed cells. It is found in the
Silurian rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`li*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Helio-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;liom&egrave;tre</i>.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An instrument devised originally for measuring
the diameter of the sun; now employed for delicate measurements of
the distance and relative direction of two stars too far apart to be
easily measured in the field of view of an ordinary
telescope.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>He`li*o*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>He`li*o*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the heliometer, or to
heliometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`li*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The apart
or practice of measuring the diameters of heavenly bodies, their
relative distances, etc. See <u>Heliometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||He`li*op"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; the sun + &?; a passage, pore.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An East
Indian stony coral now known to belong to the Alcyonaria; -- called
also <i>blue coral</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"li*o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Helio-</i> +
<i>-scope</i>: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;lioscope</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>A telescope or instrument for viewing the sun without injury to
the eyes, as through colored glasses, or with mirrors which reflect
but a small portion of light.</def> -- <wf>He`li*o*scop`ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>He"li*o*stat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Helio-</i> +
Gr. &?; placed, standing, fr. &?; to place, stand: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;liostate</i>.] <def>An instrument consisting of a mirror
moved by clockwork, by which a sunbeam is made apparently stationary,
by being steadily directed to one spot during the whole of its
diurnal period; also, a geodetic heliotrope.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"li*o*trope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>h&eacute;liotrope</i>, L. <i>heliotropium</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; the
sun + &?; to turn, &?; turn. See <u>Heliacal</u>, <u>Trope</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Astron.)</i> <def>An instrument or
machine for showing when the sun arrived at the tropics and
equinoctial line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Heliotropium</i>; -- called also <i>turnsole</i> and
<i>girasole</i>. <i>H. Peruvianum</i> is the commonly cultivated
species with fragrant flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geodesy &amp; Signal Service)</i> <def>An
instrument for making signals to an observer at a distance, by means
of the sun's rays thrown from a mirror.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See <u>Bloodstone</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Heliotrope purple</b></col>, <cd>a grayish purple
color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>He"li*o*tro`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The person
at a geodetic station who has charge of the heliotrope.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`li*o*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Manifesting heliotropism; turning toward the sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`li*ot"ro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Helio-</i>
+ Gr. &?; to turn.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The phenomenon of turning
toward the light, seen in many leaves and flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"li*o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Helio-</i> +
<i>-type</i>.] <def>A picture obtained by the process of
heliotypy.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`li*o*typ"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to, or obtained by, heliotypy.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"li*o*ty`py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A method of
transferring pictures from photographic negatives to hardened gelatin
plates from which impressions are produced on paper as by
lithography.</def></p>

<p><hw>||He`li*o*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; the sun + &?; an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of fresh-water rhizopods having a more or less globular form, with
slender radiating pseudopodia; the sun animalcule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel`i*spher"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hel`i*spher"ic*al</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Helix</i> + <i>spheric</i>,
<i>spherical</i>.] <def>Spiral.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Helispherical line</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>. <cd>the rhomb
line in navigation.</cd> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>He"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the
sun.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A gaseous element found in the atmospheres
of the sun and earth and in some rare minerals.</def></p>

<p><! p. 683 !></p>

<p><hw>He"lix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Helices</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Helixes</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>helix</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?; to turn round; cf. L.
<i>volvere</i>, and E. <i>volute</i>, <i>voluble</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A nonplane curve whose
tangents are all equally inclined to a given plane. The common helix
is the curve formed by the thread of the ordinary screw. It is
distinguished from the <i>spiral</i>, all the convolutions of which
are in the plane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A caulicule or little
volute under the abacus of the Corinthian capital.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The incurved margin or rim
of the external ear. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of land
snails, including a large number of species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The genus originally included nearly all shells, but is now
greatly restricted. See <u>Snail</u>, <u>Pulmonifera</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hell</i>; akin to
D. <i>hel</i>, OHG. <i>hella</i>, G. <i>h&ouml;lle</i>, Icel.
<i>hal</i>, Sw. <i>helfvete</i>, Dan. <i>helvede</i>, Goth.
<i>halja</i>, and to AS. <i>helan</i> to conceal. &?;&?;&?;.  Cf.
<u>Hele</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Conceal</u>, <u>Cell</u>,
<u>Helmet</u>, <u>Hole</u>, <u>Occult</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The place of the dead, or of souls after
death; the grave; -- called in Hebrew <i>sheol</i>, and by the Greeks
<i>hades</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He descended into <i>hell</i>.</blockquote> <i>Book of
Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou wilt not leave my soul in
<i>hell</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xvi. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place or state of punishment for the
wicked after death; the abode of evil spirits. Hence, any mental
torment; anguish.</def> "Within him <i>hell</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a knell<BR>
That summons thee to heaven or to <i>hell</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place where outcast persons or things
are gathered</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A dungeon or prison;
also, in certain running games, a place to which those who are caught
are carried for detention.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A gambling
house.</def> "A convenient little gambling <i>hell</i> for those who
had grown reckless." <i>W. Black.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
place into which a tailor throws his shreds, or a printer his broken
type.</def> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gates of hell</b></col>. <i>(Script.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Gate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To overwhelm.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hel`la*nod"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;,
&?;, a Greek + &?; right, judgment.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A judge
or umpire in games or combats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hell"bend`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large North American aquatic salamander
(<i>Protonopsis horrida</i> or <i>Menopoma Alleghaniensis</i>). It is
very voracious and very tenacious of life. Also called
<i>alligator</i>, and <i>water dog</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hell"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born in or of
hell.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hell"bred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Produced in
hell.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hell"brewed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prepared in
hell.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hell"broth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A composition
for infernal purposes; a magical preparation.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hell"-cat `</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A witch; a
hag.</def>  <i>Middleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hell"-div`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dabchick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hell"doomed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Doomed to
hell.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hel"le*bore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>helleborus</i>, <i>elleborus</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;; cf. F.
<i>hell&eacute;bore</i>, <i>ell&eacute;bore</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of perennial herbs
(<i>Helleborus</i>) of the Crowfoot family, mostly having powerfully
cathartic and even poisonous qualities. <i>H. niger</i> is the
European black hellebore, or Christmas rose, blossoming in winter or
earliest spring. <i>H. officinalis</i> was the officinal hellebore of
the ancients.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of several species
of the poisonous liliaceous genus <i>Veratrum</i>, especially <i>V.
album</i> and <i>V. viride</i>, both called <i>white
hellebore</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel`le*bo"re*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A poisonous glucoside accompanying helleborin in several species
of hellebore, and extracted as a white crystalline substance with a
bittersweet taste. It has a strong action on the heart, resembling
digitalin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel*leb"o*rin</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A poisonous glucoside found in several species of
hellebore, and extracted as a white crystalline substance with a
sharp tingling taste. It possesses the essential virtues of the
plant; -- called also <i>elleborin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"le*bo*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
practice or theory of using hellebore as a medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>A
native of either ancient or modern Greece; a Greek.</def>
<i>Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hel*le"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Hellenes, or Greeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel*len"ic</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
fr. &?; the Greeks.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Hellenes, or
inhabitants of Greece; Greek; Grecian.</def> "The <i>Hellenic</i>
forces."  <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>Hel*len"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The dialect, formed
with slight variations from the Attic, which prevailed among Greek
writers after the time of Alexander.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"len*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>Hell&eacute;nisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A phrase or form
of speech in accordance with genius and construction or idioms of the
Greek language; a Grecism.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The type of character of the ancient
Greeks, who aimed at culture, grace, and amenity, as the chief
elements in human well-being and perfection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"len*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>Hell&eacute;niste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who affiliates
with Greeks, or imitates Greek manners; esp., a person of Jewish
extraction who used the Greek language as his mother tongue, as did
the Jews of Asia Minor, Greece, Syria, and Egypt; distinguished from
the Hebraists, or native Jews (<i>Acts vi. 1</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One skilled in the Greek language and
literature; as, the critical <i>Hellenist</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hel`le*nis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Hel`le*nis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>Hell&eacute;nistique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to the Hellenists.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hellenistic</b></col> <col><b>language, dialect, or
idiom</b></col>, <cd>the Greek spoken or used by the Jews who lived
in countries where the Greek language prevailed; the Jewish-Greek
dialect or idiom of the Septuagint.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hel`le*nis"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>According to the Hellenistic manner or dialect.</def>  <i>J.
Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hel"len*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>To use the Greek language; to play the Greek; to
Grecize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"len*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>To give a Greek form or character to; to Grecize; as, to
<i>Hellenize</i> a word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel*len"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ivorytype</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"les*pont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Hellespontus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; the mythological Helle, daughter of
Athamas + &?; sea.] <def>A narrow strait between Europe and Asia, now
called the <i>Daradanelles</i>. It connects the &AElig;gean Sea and
the sea of Marmora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel`les*pon"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Hellespont.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hell"ga*mite</hw> (?), <hw>Hell"gra*mite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The aquatic larva of a
large American winged insect (<i>Corydalus cornutus</i>), much used a
fish bait by anglers; the dobson. It belongs to the
Neuroptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hell"hag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hag of or fit
for hell.</def>  <i>Bp. Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hell"-haunt`ed</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Haunted
by devils; hellish.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hell"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hellehund</i>.] <def>A dog of hell; an agent of hell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>hellhound</i>, that doth hunt us all to
death.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hel"li*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hele</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>One who heles or covers; hence, a
tiler, slater, or thatcher.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>heler</i>.]
<i>Usher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hell"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to hell; like hell; infernal; malignant; wicked; detestable;
diabolical.</def> "<i>Hellish</i> hate." <i>Milton.</i> --
<wf>Hell"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Hell"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hell"kite`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kite of
infernal breed.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hel*lo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Halloo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hell"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward
hell.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hell"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hell&imacr;c</i>.]
<def>Hellish.</def>  <i>Anderson (1573).</i></p>

<p><hw>Helm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Haulm</u>,
straw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Helm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>helme</i>, AS.
<i>helma</i> rudder; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>helm</i>, Icel.
<i>hj&amacr;lm</i>, and perh. to E. <i>helve</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The apparatus by which a
ship is steered, comprising rudder, tiller, wheel, etc.; -- commonly
used of the tiller or wheel alone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place or office of direction or
administration.</def> "The <i>helm</i> of the Commonwealth."
<i>Melmoth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One at the place of direction or control;
a steersman; hence, a guide; a director.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>helms</i> o' the State, who care for you like
fathers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Helve</u>.] <def>A helve.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Helm amidships</b></col>, <cd>when the tiller, rudder, and
keel are in the same plane.</cd> -- <col><b>Helm aport</b></col>,
<cd>when the tiller is borne over to the port side of the ship.</cd>
-- <col><b>Helm astarboard</b></col>, <cd>when the tiller is borne to
the starboard side.</cd> -- <col><b>Helm alee</b></col>, <col><b>Helm
aweather</b></col>, <cd>when the tiller is borne over to the lee or
to the weather side.</cd> -- <col><b>Helm hard alee</b></col> or
<col><b>hard aport</b></col>, <col><b>hard astarboard</b></col>,
etc., <cd>when the tiller is borne over to the extreme limit.</cd> --
<col><b>Helm port</b></col>, <cd>the round hole in a vessel's counter
through which the rudderstock passes.</cd> -- <col><b>Helm
down</b></col>, <cd>helm alee.</cd> -- <col><b>Helm up</b></col>,
<cd>helm aweather.</cd> -- <col><b>To ease the helm</b></col>, <cd>to
let the tiller come more amidships, so as to lessen the strain on the
rudder.</cd> -- <col><b>To feel the helm</b></col>, <cd>to obey
it.</cd> -- <col><b>To right the helm</b></col>, <cd>to put it
amidships.</cd> -- <col><b>To shift the helm</b></col>, <cd>to bear
the tiller over to the corresponding position on the opposite side of
the vessel.</cd>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Helm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Helmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Helming</u>.] <def>To steer; to guide; to direct.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The business he hath <i>helmed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A wild wave . . . overbears the bark,<BR>
And him that <i>helms</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Helm</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. See <u>Helmet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A helmet.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A heavy cloud lying on the brow of a
mountain.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Helm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover or furnish
with a helm or helmet.</def> [Perh. used only as a <pos><i>past
part.</i></pos> or <pos><i>part. adj.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><blockquote>She that <i>helmed</i> was in starke
stours.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Helm"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Guidance;
direction.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Helm"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with a
helmet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>helmed</i> cherubim<BR>
Are seen in glittering ranks.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hel"met</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>helmet</i>, a
dim of <i>helme</i>, F. <i>heaume</i>; of Teutonic origin; cf. G.
<i>helm</i>, akin to AS. &amp; OS. <i>helm</i>, D. <i>helm</i>,
<i>helmet</i>, Icel. <i>hj&amacr;lmr</i>, Sw. <i>hjelm</i>, Dan.
<i>hielm</i>, Goth. <i>hilms</i>; and prob. from the root of AS.
<i>helan</i> to hide, to hele; cf. also Lith. <i>szalmas</i>, Russ.
<i>shleme</i>, Skr. <i>&ccedil;arman</i> protection. &radic;17.  Cf.
<u>Hele</u>, <u>Hell</u>, <u>Helm</u> a helmet.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Armor)</i> <def>A defensive covering for the head. See
<u>Casque</u>, <u>Headpiece</u>, <u>Morion</u>, <u>Sallet</u>, and
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Beaver</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The representation of a
helmet over shields or coats of arms, denoting gradations of rank by
modifications of form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A helmet-shaped hat, made of cork, felt,
metal, or other suitable material, worn as part of the uniform of
soldiers, firemen, etc., also worn in hot countries as a protection
from the heat of the sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles a helmet in form,
position, etc.</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
upper part of a retort.</def> <i>Boyle.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The hood-formed upper sepal or petal of some
flowers, as of the monkshood or the snapdragon.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A naked shield or
protuberance on the top or fore part of the head of a bird.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Helmet beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a leaf-
eating beetle of the family <i>Chrysomelid&aelig;</i>, having a
short, broad, and flattened body. Many species are known.</cd> --
<col><b>Helmet shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of many
species of tropical marine univalve shells belonging to <i>Cassis</i>
and allied genera. Many of them are large and handsome; several are
used for cutting as cameos, and hence are called <i>cameo shells</i>.
See <u>King conch</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Helmet shrike</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an African wood shrike of the genus
<i>Prionodon</i>, having a large crest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hel`met*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
helmet; furnished with or having a helmet or helmet-shaped part;
galeate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"met-shaped`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped
like a helmet; galeate. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Galeate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel"minth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
worm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An intestinal worm, or wormlike
intestinal parasite; one of the Helminthes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel*min"tha*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
worm + &?; to drive.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A vermifuge.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hel*min"thes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, a worm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the grand
divisions or branches of the animal kingdom. It is a large group
including a vast number of species, most of which are parasitic.
Called also <i>Enthelminthes</i>, <i>Enthelmintha</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The following classes are included, with others of less
importance: Cestoidea (tapeworms), Trematodea (flukes, etc.),
Turbellaria (planarians), Acanthocephala (thornheads), Nematoidea
(roundworms, trichina, gordius), Nemertina (nemerteans). See
<u>Plathelminthes</u>, and <u>Nemathelminthes</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Hel`min*thi"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; to suffer from worms, fr. &?;, &?;, a worm.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A disease in which worms are present in some part of the
body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel*min"thic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>helminthique</i>.] <def>Of or relating to worms, or Helminthes;
expelling worms.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vermifuge; an
anthelmintic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel*min"thite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
worm.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>One of the sinuous tracks on the surfaces
of many stones, and popularly considered as worm trails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel*min"thoid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
worm + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Wormlike; vermiform.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hel*min`tho*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hel*min`tho*log"ic*al</hw>,
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>helminthologique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to helminthology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel`min*thol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>helminthologiste</i>.] <def>One versed in helminthology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel`min*thol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, a worm + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>helminthologie</i>.] <def>The
natural history, or study, of worms, esp. parasitic worms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Helm"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of a helmet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without a helm or rudder.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Helms"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Helmsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The man at the helm; a
steersman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Helm"wind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wind
attending or presaged by the cloud called <i>helm</i>.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>He"lot</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Helotes</i>,
<i>Hilotae</i>, pl., fr. Gr. <grk>E'e`lws</grk> and
<grk>E'elw`ths</grk> a bondman or serf of the Spartans; so named from
<grk>'Elos</grk>, a town of Laconia, whose inhabitants were enslaved;
or perh. akin to <grk>e`lei^n</grk> to take, conquer, used as 2d aor.
of &?;.] <def>A slave in ancient Sparta; a Spartan serf; hence, a
slave or serf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those unfortunates, the <i>Helots</i> of mankind, more
or less numerous in every community.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>He"lot*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition
of the Helots or slaves in Sparta; slavery.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"lot*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Helots,
collectively; slaves; bondsmen.</def> "The <i>Helotry</i> of Mammon."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Help</hw> (h&ebreve;lp), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Helped</u> (h&ebreve;lpt) (Obs.
<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Holp</u> (h&omacr;lp), <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Holpen</u> (h&omacr;l"p'n)); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Helping</u>.] [AS. <i>helpan</i>; akin to OS.
<i>helpan</i>, D. <i>helpen</i>, G. <i>helfen</i>, OHG.
<i>helfan</i>, Icel. <i>hj&amacr;lpa</i>, Sw. <i>hjelpa</i>, Dan.
<i>hielpe</i>, Goth. <i>hilpan</i>; cf. Lith. <i>szelpti</i>, and
Skr. <i>klp</i> to be fitting.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish
with strength or means for the successful performance of any action
or the attainment of any object; to aid; to assist; as, to
<i>help</i> a man in his work; to <i>help</i> one to remember; -- the
following infinitive is commonly used without <i>to</i>; as,
"<i>Help</i> me scale yon balcony."</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with the means of deliverance
from trouble; as, to <i>help</i> one in distress; to <i>help</i> one
out of prison.</def> "God <i>help</i>, poor souls, how idly do they
talk!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with relief, as in pain or
disease; to be of avail against; -- sometimes with <i>of</i> before a
word designating the pain or disease, and sometimes having such a
word for the direct object.</def> "To <i>help</i> him of his
blindness."
  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The true calamus <i>helps</i> coughs.</blockquote>
<i>Gerarde.</i></p>

<p><! p. 684 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To change for the better; to
remedy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cease to lament for what thou canst not
<i>help</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To prevent; to hinder; as, the evil
approaches, and who can <i>help</i> it?</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To forbear; to avoid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not <i>help</i> remarking the resemblance
betwixt him and our author.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To wait upon, as the guests at table, by
carving and passing food.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To help forward</b></col>, <cd>to assist in
advancing.</cd> -- <col><b>To help off</b></col>, <cd>to help to go
or pass away, as time; to assist in removing.</cd> <i>Locke.</i> --
<col><b>To help on</b></col>, <cd>to forward; to promote by aid.</cd>
-- <col><b>To help out</b></col>, <cd>to aid, as in delivering from a
difficulty, or to aid in completing a design or task.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The god of learning and of light<BR>
Would want a god himself <i>to help</i> him <i>out</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To help over</b></col>, <cd>to enable to surmount; as,
<i>to help</i> one <i>over</i> an obstacle.</cd> -- <col><b>To help
to</b></col>, <cd>to supply with; to furnish with; as, <i>to help</i>
one <i>to</i> soup.</cd> -- <col><b>To help up</b></col>, <cd>to help
(one) to get up; to assist in rising, as after a fall, and the
like.</cd> "A man is well <i>holp up</i> that trusts to you."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To aid; assist; succor; relieve; serve; support;
sustain; befriend.  -- To <u>Help</u>, <u>Aid</u>, <u>Assist</u>.
These words all agree in the idea of affording relief or support to a
person under difficulties. <i>Help</i> turns attention especially to
the source of relief. If I fall into a pit, I call for <i>help</i>;
and he who <i>helps</i> me out does it by an act of his own.
<i>Aid</i> turns attention to the other side, and supposes
co&ouml;peration on the part of him who is relieved; as, he
<i>aided</i> me in getting out of the pit; I got out by the
<i>aid</i> of a ladder which he brought. <i>Assist</i> has a primary
reference to relief afforded by a person who "stands by" in order to
relieve. It denotes both <i>help</i> and <i>aid</i>. Thus, we say of
a person who is weak, I <i>assisted</i> him upstairs, or, he mounted
the stairs by my <i>assistance</i>. When <i>help</i> is used as a
noun, it points less distinctively and exclusively to the source of
relief, or, in other words, agrees more closely with <i>aid</i>. Thus
we say, I got out of a pit by the <i>help</i> of my friend.</p>

<p><hw>Help</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lend aid or
assistance; to contribute strength or means; to avail or be of use;
to assist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A generous present <i>helps</i> to persuade, as well
as an agreeable person.</blockquote> <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To help out</b></col>, <cd>to lend aid; to bring a
supply.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Help</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>help</i>; akin to D.
<i>hulp</i>, G. <i>h&uuml;lfe</i>, <i>hilfe</i>, Icel.
<i>hj&amacr;lp</i>, Sw. <i>hjelp</i>, Dan. <i>hielp</i>. See
<u>Help</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Strength or means furnished toward
promoting an object, or deliverance from difficulty or distress; aid;
^; also, the person or thing furnishing the aid; as, he gave me a
<i>help</i> of fifty dollars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give us <i>help</i> from trouble, for vain is the
<i>help</i> of man.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lx. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God is . . . a very present <i>help</i> in
trouble.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xlvi. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Virtue is a friend and a <i>help</i> to
nature.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Remedy; relief; as, there is no
<i>help</i> for it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A helper; one hired to help another; also,
thew hole force of hired helpers in any business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a domestic servant, man or
woman.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Help"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, helps, aids, assists, or relieves; as, a lay <i>helper</i> in
a parish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art the <i>helper</i> of the
fatherless.</blockquote> <i>Ps. x. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Compassion . . . oftentimes a <i>helper</i> of
evils.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Help"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnishing help;
giving aid; assistant; useful; salutary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heavens make our presence and our practices<BR>
Pleasant and <i>helpful</i> to him!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Help"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Help"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Help"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of help or strength; unable to help or defend one's
self; needing help; feeble; weak; as, a helpless infant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How shall I then your <i>helpless</i> fame
defend?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Beyond help; irremediable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>helpless</i> disagreement or dislike, either
of mind or body.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bringing no help; unaiding.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet since the gods have been<BR>
<i>Helpless</i> foreseers of my plagues.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Unsupplied; destitute; -- with
<i>of</i>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Helpless</i> of all that human wants
require.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Help"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Help"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Help"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of the
"<i>help meet</i> for him" of <i>Genesis ii. 18.</i><i>Fitzedward
Hall.</i>] <def>A helper; a companion; specifically, a
wife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In Minorca the ass and the hog are common
<i>helpmates</i>, and are yoked together in order to turn up the
land.</blockquote> <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A waiting woman was generally considered as the most
suitable <i>helpmate</i> for a parson.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Help"meet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Helpmate</u>.] <def>A wife; a helpmate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord God created Adam, . . . and afterwards, on
his finding the want of a <i>helpmeet</i>, caused him to sleep, and
took one of his ribs and thence made woman.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hel"ter-skel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [An
onomat&?;poetic word.  Cf. G. <i>holter-polter</i>, D. <i>holder de
bolder</i>.] <def>In hurry and confusion; without definite purpose;
irregularly.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Helter-skelter</i> have I rode to
thee.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A wistaria vine running <i>helter-skelter</i> across
the roof.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Helve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>helve</i>,
<i>helfe</i>, AS. <i>hielf</i>, <i>helf</i>, <i>hylf</i>, cf. OHG.
<i>halb</i>; and also E. <i>halter</i>, <i>helm</i> of a rudder.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The handle of an ax, hatchet, or
adze.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Iron Working)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The lever at the end of which is the hammer head, in a forge
hammer.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A forge hammer which is lifted
by a cam acting on the helve between the fulcrum and the
head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Helve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Helved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Helving</u>.] <def>To furnish with a helve, as an ax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel*ve"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Helvetic</u>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Swiss; a
Switzer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hel*ve"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Helveticus</i>, fr. <i>Helvetii</i> the Helvetii.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the Helvetii, the ancient inhabitant of the Alps, now
Switzerland, or to the modern states and inhabitant of the Alpine
regions; as, the <i>Helvetic</i> confederacy; <i>Helvetic</i>
states.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hel"vine</hw> (?), <hw>Hel"vite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>helvus</i> of a light bay color.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a yellowish color, consisting chiefly
of silica, glucina, manganese, and iron, with a little
sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem</hw> (h&ebreve;m), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [OE., fr. AS.
<i>him</i>, <i>heom</i>, dative pl. of. <i>h&emacr;</i> he. See
<u>He</u>, <u>They</u>.] <def>Them</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hem</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An onomatopoetic word
used as an expression of hesitation, doubt, etc. It is often a sort
of voluntary half cough, loud or subdued, and would perhaps be better
expressed by <i>hm</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cough or cry <i>hem</i>, if anybody come.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hem</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An utterance or sound of
the voice, <i>hem</i> or <i>hm</i>, often indicative of hesitation or
doubt, sometimes used to call attention.</def> "His morning
<i>hems</i>."  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hem</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [&radic;15. See <u>Hem</u>,
<pos><i>interj.</i></pos>] <def>To make the sound expressed by the
word <i>hem</i>; hence, to hesitate in speaking.</def> "<i>Hem</i>,
and stroke thy beard."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hem</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hem</i>, border,
margin; cf. Fries. <i>h&auml;mel</i>, Prov. G. <i>hammel</i> hem of
mire or dirt.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The edge or border of a
garment or cloth, doubled over and sewed, to strengthen it and
prevent raveling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Border; edge; margin.</def> "<i>Hem</i> of
the sea."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A border made on sheet-metal ware by
doubling over the edge of the sheet, to stiffen it and remove the
sharp edge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hemmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hemming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form a hem or border to;
to fold and sew down the edge of.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To border; to edge</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the skirt about<BR>
Was <i>hemmed</i> with golden fringe.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hem about</b></col>, <col><b>around</b></col>, or
<col><b>in</b></col>, <cd>to inclose and confine; to surround; to
environ.</cd>  "With valiant squadrons round <i>about to hem</i>."
<i>Fairfax.</i> "<i>Hemmed in</i> to be a spoil to tyranny."
<i>Daniel.</i> -- <col><b>To hem out</b></col>, <cd>to shut out.</cd>
"You can not <i>hem</i> me <i>out</i> of London."  <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hem"a-</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>H&aelig;ma-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"a*chate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>haemachates</i>; Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood + &?; agate.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A species of agate, sprinkled with spots of red
jasper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"a*chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>H&aelig;machrome</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"a*cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood.] <def>A composition made from blood, mixed
with mineral or vegetable substances, used for making buttons, door
knobs, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hem`a*drom"e*ter</hw> (?), <hw>Hem`a*dro*mom"e*ter</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hema-</i> + Gr. &?; course + <i>-
meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring the
velocity with which the blood moves in the arteries.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hem`a*drom`e*try</hw> (?), <hw>Hem`a*dro*mom"e*try</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act of measuring
the velocity with which the blood circulates in the arteries;
h&aelig;motachometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`ma*dy*nam"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hema-</i>
+ <i>dynamics</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The principles of dynamics
in their application to the blood; that part of science which treats
of the motion of the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`ma*dy"na*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hema-
</i> + <i>dynamometr</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument by
which the pressure of the blood in the arteries, or veins, is
measured by the height to which it will raise a column of mercury; --
called also a <i>h&aelig;momanometer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk>
blood.] <def>Relating to the blood or blood vessels; pertaining to,
situated in the region of, or on the side with, the heart and great
blood vessels; -- opposed to <i>neural</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; As applied to vertebrates, <i>hemal</i> is the same as
<i>ventral</i>, the heart and great blood vessels being on the
ventral, and the central nervous system on the dorsal, side of the
vertebral column.</p>

<p><col><b>Hemal arch</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the ventral arch
in a segment of the spinal skeleton, formed by vertebral processes or
ribs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hem`a*ph&aelig;"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>H&aelig;maph&aelig;in</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`a*poph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hemapophyses</b></plw> . [NL. See <u>H&aelig;ma-</u>, and
<u>Apophysis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The second element in each
half of a hemal arch, corresponding to the sternal part of a
rib.</def> <i>Owen.</i> -- <wf>Hem`a*po*phys"i*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hem`a*stat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hem`a*stat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Hemostatic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`a*stat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Laws relating to the equilibrium of the blood
in the blood vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`a*ta*chom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>H&aelig;matachometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`a*te"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
blood.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A reddish brown or violet crystalline
substance, C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, got from
hematoxylin by partial oxidation, and regarded as analogous to the
phthaleins.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`a*tem"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>a"i^ma</grk>, <grk>a"i`matos</grk>, blood + &?; a vomiting, fr.
&?; to vomit.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A vomiting of blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"a*therm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood + &?; warm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A warm-
blooded animal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hem`a*ther"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Warm-blooded; hematothermal.</def> [R]</p>

<p><hw>He*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>H&aelig;matic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*mat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine designed to improve the condition of the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"a*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>a"i^ma</grk>, <grk>a"i`matos</grk>, blood.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hematoxylin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A bluish black,
amorphous substance containing iron and obtained from blood. It
exists the red blood corpuscles united with globulin, and the form of
hemoglobin or oxyhemoglobin gives to the blood its red
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`a*ti*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hematin</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A form
of hemoglobinometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`a*tin`o*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Relating to the measurement of the amount of
hematin or hemoglobin contained in blood, or other fluids.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*mat"i*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>a"i^ma</grk>, <grk>a"i`matos</grk>, blood.] <def>A red
consisting of silica, borax, and soda, fused with oxide of copper and
iron, and used in enamels, mosaics, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"a*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>haematites</i>, Gr. &?; bloodlike, fr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk>,
<grk>a"i`matos</grk>, blood.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An important ore of
iron, the sesquioxide, so called because of the red color of the
powder. It occurs in splendent rhombohedral crystals, and in massive
and earthy forms; -- the last called red ocher. Called also
<i>specular iron</i>, <i>oligist iron</i>, <i>rhombohedral iron
ore</i>, and <i>bloodstone</i>. See <i>Brown hematite</i>, under
<u>Brown</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`a*tit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to hematite, or resembling it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"a*to</hw> (?). <def>See <u>H&aelig;ma-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*mat"o*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemato-</i> +
Gr. &?; tumor: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;matoc&egrave;le</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A tumor filled with blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`a*toc"ry*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk>, <grk>a"i`matos</grk>, blood +
<grk>kry`os</grk> cold.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cold-blooded
vertebrates, that is, all but the mammals and birds; -- the
antithesis to <i>Hematotherma</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`a*to*crys"tal*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hemato</i> + <i>crystalline</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Hemoglobin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"a*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hemato-</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Resembling blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`a*toid"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline or amorphous pigment, free from iron,
formed from hematin in old blood stains, and in old hemorrhages in
the body. It resembles bilirubin. When present in the corpora lutea
it is called <i>h&aelig;molutein</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`a*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemato-</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats of the
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`a*to"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Hema-
</u>, and <u>-oma</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A circumscribed swelling
produced by an effusion of blood beneath the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`a*to*phil"i*a</hw> (-t&osl;*f&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk>,
<grk>a"i`matos</grk>, blood + <grk>filei^n</grk> to love.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition characterized by a tendency to profuse
and uncontrollable hemorrhage from the slightest wounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`a*to"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>The hematin of blood.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Hem`a*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>a"ima`twsis</grk>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Sanguification; the conversion of chyle into blood.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The arterialization of the blood in the
lungs; the formation of blood in general;
h&aelig;matogenesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`a*to*ther"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk>, <grk>a"i`matos</grk>, blood +
<grk>thermo`s</grk> warm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The warm-blooded
vertebrates, comprising the mammals and birds; -- the antithesis to
<i>hematocrya</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"a*to*ther"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Warm-
blooded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`a*tox"y*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>H&aelig;matoxylin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`a*tu"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hema-</u>, and <u>Urine</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Passage of urine
mingled with blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`au*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The obtaining of a curve similar to a pulse
curve or sphygmogram by allowing the blood from a divided artery to
strike against a piece of paper.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Hem*el"y*tron</hw> (? or ?), <hw>||Hem*el"y*trum</hw> (-
tr&ubreve;m cf. <u>Elytron</u>, 277), }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Hemelytra</b></plw> (&?;). [NL. See <u>Hemi</u>,
and <u>Elytron</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the partially
thickened anterior wings of certain insects, as of many Hemiptera,
the earwigs, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`e*ra*lo"pi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, the opposite of &?;; &?; day + &?; of &?;. See
<u>Nyctalopia</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease of the eyes, in
consequence of which a person can see clearly or without pain only by
daylight or a strong artificial light; day sight.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some writers (as Quain) use the word in the opposite sense,
<i>i. e.</i>, day blindness. See <u>Nyctalopia</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hem`er*o"bi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; day +
&?; life.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A neuropterous insect of the
genus <i>Hemerobius</i>, and allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*mer"o*bid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of relating to the hemerobians.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`e*ro*cal"lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;; &?; day + &?; beauty.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants,
some species of which are cultivated for their beautiful flowers; day
lily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"i-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>"hmi-</grk>. See <u>Semi-</u>.]
<def>A prefix signifying <i>half</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*al*bu"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i> +
<i>albumin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hemialbumose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*al"bu"mose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i>
+ <i>albumose</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An albuminous
substance formed in gastric digestion, and by the action of boiling
dilute acids on albumin. It is readily convertible into hemipeptone.
Called also <i>hemialbumin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`i*an`&aelig;s*the"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hemi-</i> + <i>an&aelig;sthesia</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An&aelig;sthesia upon one side of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`i*bran"chi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hemi-</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of fishes having an incomplete or reduced branchial apparatus. It
includes the sticklebacks, the flutemouths, and Fistularia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`i*car"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hemi-</u>, and <u>Cardia</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A lateral half
of the heart, either the right or left.</def>  <i>B. G.
Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i> + Gr.
&?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One portion of a fruit that
spontaneously divides into halves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`i*cer"e*brum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-
</i> + <i>cerebrum</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A lateral half of the
cerebrum.</def>  <i>Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*col"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i> +
<i>collin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Semiglutin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`i*cra"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;micr&acirc;nie</i>. See <u>Cranium</u>, and
<u>Megrim</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A pain that affects only one side
of the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"i*cra`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Hemicranis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"i*cy`cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hemicyclus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; + &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
half circle; a semicircle.</def></p>

<p><! p. 685 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A semicircular place, as a semicircular
arena, or room, or part of a room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The collections will be displayed in the
<i>hemicycle</i> of the central pavilion.</blockquote> <i>London
Academy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*dac"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hemi-
</u>, and <u>Dactyl</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of Old
World geckoes of the genus <i>Hemidactylus</i>. The hemidactyls have
dilated toes, with two rows of plates beneath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i-dem`i-sem"i*quaver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hemi-</i> + <i>demi-semiquaver</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short
note, equal to one fourth of a semiquaver, or the sixty-fourth part
of a whole note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*di"tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i> +
<i>ditone</i>.] <i>(Gr. Mus.)</i> <def>The lesser third.</def>
<i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>He*mig"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i> +
Gr. &?; marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having one of the two florets
in the same spikelet neuter, and the other unisexual, whether male or
female; -- said of grasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"i*glyph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i> + Gr.
&?; a carving.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The half channel or groove in the
edge of the triglyph in the Doric order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i> +
Gr. &?; seat, base, fr. &?; to sit.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Having
half of the similar parts of a crystals, instead of all; consisting
of half the planes which full symmetry would require, as when a cube
has planes only on <i>half</i> of its eight solid angles, or one
plane out of a pair on each of its edges; or as in the case of a
tetrahedron, which is <i>hemihedral</i> to an octahedron, it being
contained under four of the planes of an octahedron.</def> --
<wf>Hem`i*he"dral*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*he"drism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The property of crystallizing
hemihedrally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A solid hemihedrally derived. The
tetrahedron is a <i>hemihedron</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*hol`o*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-
</i> + <i>holohedral</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Presenting
hemihedral forms, in which half the sectants have the full number of
planes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*mel*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i>
+ <i>mellitic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having <i>half</i> as many
(<i>three</i>) carboxyl radicals as <i>mellitic</i> acid; -- said of
an organic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`i*me*tab"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Hemi-</u>, and <u>Metabola</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Those insects which have an incomplete metamorphosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*met`a*bol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having an incomplete metamorphosis, the
larv&aelig; differing from the adults chiefly in laking wings, as in
the grasshoppers and cockroaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i> +
Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Having the two ends modified
with unlike planes; -- said of a crystal.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>a"i^ma</grk>
blood.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A substance, in the form of
reddish brown, microscopic, prismatic crystals, formed from dried
blood by the action of strong acetic acid and common salt; -- called
also <i>Teichmann's</i> crystals. Chemically, it is a hydrochloride
of hematin.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The obtaining of these small crystals, from old blood clots
or suspected blood stains, constitutes one of the best evidences of
the presence of blood.</p>

<p><hw>||He*mi"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hemin&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A measure of half a
sextary.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A measure equal to about ten
fluid ounces.</def></p>

<p><hw>||He*mi"o*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a half ass, a mule.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wild ass found in
Thibet; the kiang.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Hem`i*o"pi*a</hw> (?), <hw>Hem`i*op"si*a</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; half + Gr. &?; sight.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A defect of vision in consequence of which a
person sees but half of an object looked at.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*or"tho*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i>
+ Gr. &?; straight + <i>-type</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Monoclinic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*pep"tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i> +
<i>peptone</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A product of the
gastric and pancreatic digestion of albuminous matter.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Unlike antipeptone it is convertible into leucin and
tyrosin, by the continued action of pancreatic juice. See
<u>Peptone</u>. It is also formed from hemialbumose and albumin by
the action of boiling dilute sulphuric acid.</p>

<p><hw>||Hem`i*ple"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; half + &?; a stroke; cf. F. <i>h&eacute;miplagie</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A palsy that affects one side only of the
body.</def> -- <wf>Hem`i"pleg"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hem"i*ple`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Hemiplegia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"i*pode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i> + Gr.
&?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird of the genus
<i>Turnix</i>. Various species inhabit Asia, Africa, and
Australia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*pro"te*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i> +
<i>protein</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An insoluble, proteid
substance, described by Sch&uuml;tzenberger, formed when albumin is
heated for some time with dilute sulphuric acid. It is apparently
identical with antialbumid and dyspeptone.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*mip"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;mipt&egrave;res</i>, pl.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the Hemiptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||He*mip"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; half + &?; wing, fr. &?; to fly.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of hexapod insects having a jointed proboscis, including four
sharp stylets (mandibles and maxill&aelig;), for piercing. In many of
the species (Heteroptera) the front wings are partially coriaceous,
and different from the others.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are divided into the <i>Heteroptera</i>, including the
squash bug, soldier bug, bedbug, etc.; the <i>Homoptera</i>,
including the cicadas, cuckoo spits, plant lice, scale insects, etc.;
the <i>Thysanoptera</i>, including the thrips, and, according to most
recent writers, the <i>Pediculina</i> or true lice.</p>

<p>{ <hw>He*mip"ter*al</hw> (?), <hw>He*mip"ter*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Hemiptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*mip"ter*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Hemiptera; an hemipter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*sect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hemisected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hemisecting</u>.] [<i>Hemi-</i> + L. <i>secare</i> to cut.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>To divide along the mesial plane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*sec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A division along the mesial plane; also, one of the parts so
divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"i*sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hemisphaerium</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; half = &?; sphere: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;misph&egrave;re</i>. See <u>Hemi-</u>, and
<u>Sphere</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A half sphere; one half of a
sphere or globe, when divided by a plane passing through its
center.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Half of the terrestrial globe, or a
projection of the same in a map or picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The people who inhabit a
hemisphere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He died . . . mourned by a
<i>hemisphere</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. P. Peters.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cerebral hemispheres</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Brain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Magdeburg hemispheres</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>two hemispherical cups forming, when placed
together, a cavity from which the air can be withdrawn by an air
pump; -- used to illustrate the pressure of the air. So called
because invented by Otto von Guericke at <i>Magdeburg</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hem`i*spher"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hem`i*spher"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>h&eacute;misph&eacute;rique</i>.]
<def>Containing, or pertaining to, a hemisphere; as, a
<i>hemispheric</i> figure or form; a <i>hemispherical</i>
body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*sphe"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i> +
<i>spheroid</i>.] <def>A half of a spheroid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*sphe*roid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resembling, or approximating to, a hemisphere in form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*spher"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half
spherule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"i*stich</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hemistichium</i>, Gr. <grk>"hmisti`chion</grk>; <grk>"hmi-</grk>
half + <grk>sti`chos</grk> row, line, verse: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;mistiche</i>.] <def>Half a poetic verse or line, or a
verse or line not completed.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*mis"ti*chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or written in, hemistichs; also, by, or according to, hemistichs;
as, a <i>hemistichal</i> division of a verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`i*sys"to*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Contraction of only one ventricle of the
heart.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Hemisystole</i> is noticed in rare cases of
insufficiency of the mitral valve, in which both ventricles at times
contract simultaneously, as in a normal heart, this condition
alternating with contraction of the right ventricle alone; hence,
<i>intermittent hemisystole</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Hem"i*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hemitonium</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>See <u>Semitone</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>He*mit"ro*pal</hw> (?), <hw>He*mit"ro*pous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Hemitrope</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Turned half round; half inverted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the raphe terminating
about half way between the chalaza and the orifice; amphitropous; --
said of an ovule.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hem"i*trope</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hemi-</i> + Gr.
&?; to turn: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;mitrope</i>.] <def>Half turned round;
half inverted; <i>(Crystallog.)</i> having a twinned
structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"i*trope</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
hemitropal in construction; <i>(Crystallog.)</i> a twin crystal
having a hemitropal structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*mit"ro*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Twin composition in crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hemeluc</i>,
<i>humloc</i>, AS. <i>hemlic</i>, <i>hymlic</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name of several poisonous umbelliferous herbs
having finely cut leaves and small white flowers, as the <i>Cicuta
maculata</i>, <i>bulbifera</i>, and <i>virosa</i>, and the <i>Conium
maculatum</i>. See <u>Conium</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The potion of <i>hemlock</i> administered to Socrates is by
some thought to have been a decoction of <i>Cicuta virosa</i>, or
<i>water hemlock</i>, by others, of <i>Conium maculatum</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An evergreen tree common in
North America (<i>Abies, or Tsuga, Canadensis</i>); hemlock
spruce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The murmuring pines and the
<i>hemlocks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The wood or timber of the hemlock
tree.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ground hemlock</b></col>, or <col><b>Dwarf
hemlock</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ground</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hem"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>hemmel</i>,
<i>hammel</i>, Prov. E. <i>hemble</i> hovel, stable, shed, perh.
allied to D. <i>hemel</i> heaven, canopy, G. <i>himmel</i>; cf. E.
<i>heaven</i>. &radic;14.] <def>A shed or hovel for cattle.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hem"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, hems with a needle.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An attachment to a sewing machine, for turning under the edge of
a piece of fabric, preparatory to stitching it down.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tool for turning over the edge of sheet
metal to make a hem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"o-</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>H&aelig;ma-</u>,
<u>H&aelig;mo-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"o*glo"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hemo-</i> +
<i>globe</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The normal coloring matter of
the red blood corpuscles of vertebrate animals. It is composed of
hematin and globulin, and is also called <i>h&aelig;matoglobulin</i>.
In arterial blood, it is always combined with oxygen, and is then
called <i>oxyhemoglobin</i>. It crystallizes under different forms
from different animals, and when crystallized, is called
<i>h&aelig;matocrystallin</i>. See <i>Blood crystal</i>, under
<u>Blood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`o*glo"bin*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>H&aelig;mochromometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hem`o*phil"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hematophilia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*mop"ty*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood + &?; to spit: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;moptysie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The expectoration of
blood, due usually to hemorrhage from the mucous membrane of the
lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"or*rhage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>haemorrhagia</i>, Gr. <grk>a"imorragi`a</grk>; <grk>a"i^ma</grk>
blood + <grk>"rhgny`nai</grk> to break, burst: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;morragie</i>, <i>h&eacute;morrhagie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Any discharge of blood from the blood vessels.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The blood circulates in a system of closed tubes, the
rupture of which gives rise to hemorrhage.</p>

<p><hw>Hem`or*rhag"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>a"imorragiko`s</grk>: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;morrhagique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining or tending to a flux of blood; consisting in, or
accompanied by, hemorrhage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`or*rhoid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;morro&iuml;dal</i>, <i>h&eacute;morrho&iuml;dal</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of,
hemorrhoids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
rectum; rectal; as, the <i>hemorrhoidal</i> arteries, veins, and
nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"or*rhoids</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>haemorrhoidae</i>, pl., Gr. &?;, sing., &?; (sc. &?;), pl., veins
liable to discharge blood, hemorrhoids, fr. &?; flowing with blood;
<grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood + &?; to flow: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;morro&iuml;des</i>, <i>h&eacute;morrho&iuml;des</i>. See
<u>Rheum</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Livid and painful swellings formed
by the dilation of the blood vessels around the margin of, or within,
the anus, from which blood or mucus is occasionally discharged;
piles; emerods.</def> [The sing. <singw><b>hemorrhoid</b></singw> is
rarely used.]</p>

<p><hw>Hem`o*stat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hemo-</i> +
Gr. <grk>statiko`s</grk> causing to stand, fr. &?; to stand.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or relating to stagnation of
the blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Serving to arrest hemorrhage;
styptic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`o*stat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine or
application to arrest hemorrhage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem`o*tho"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Hemo-
</u>, and <u>Thorax</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An effusion of blood
into the cavity of the pleura.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hemp</hw> (h&ebreve;mp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>hemp</i>, AS. <i>henep</i>, <i>h&aelig;nep</i>; akin to D.
<i>hennep</i>, OHG. <i>hanaf</i>, G. <i>hanf</i>, Icel. <i>hampr</i>,
Dan. <i>hamp</i>, Sw. <i>hampa</i>, L. <i>cannabis</i>,
<i>cannabum</i>, Gr. <grk>ka`nnabis</grk>, <grk>ka`nnabos</grk>; cf.
Russ. <i>konoplia</i>, Skr. <i>&ccedil;a&nsdot;a</i>; all prob.
borrowed from some other language at an early time.  Cf.
<u>Cannabine</u>, <u>Canvas</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant of the genus <i>Cannabis</i> (<i>C. sativa</i>), the
fibrous skin or bark of which is used for making cloth and cordage.
The name is also applied to various other plants yielding
fiber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fiber of the skin or rind of the
plant, prepared for spinning. The name has also been extended to
various fibers resembling the true hemp.</def></p>

<p><col><b>African hemp</b></col>, <col><b>Bowstring hemp</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>African</u>, and <u>Bowstring</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Bastard hemp</b></col>, <cd>the Asiatic herb <i>Datisca
cannabina</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canada hemp</b></col>, <cd>a species
of dogbane (<i>Apocynum cannabinum</i>), the fiber of which was used
by the Indians.</cd> -- <col><b>Hemp agrimony</b></col>, <cd>a
coarse, composite herb of Europe (<i>Eupatorium cannabinum</i>), much
like the American boneset.</cd> -- <col><b>Hemp nettle</b></col>,
<cd>a plant of the genus <i>Galeopsis</i> (<i>G. Tetrahit</i>),
belonging to the Mint family.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian hemp</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Indian</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Manila hemp</b></col>, <cd>the fiber of <i>Musa
textilis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sisal hemp</b></col>, <cd>the fiber of
<i>Agave sisalana</i>, of Mexico and Yucatan.</cd> -- <col><b>Sunn
hemp</b></col>, <cd>a fiber obtained from a leguminous plant
(<i>Crotalaria juncea</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Water hemp</b></col>,
<cd>an annual American weed (<i>Acnida cannabina</i>), related to the
amaranth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hemp"en</hw> (-'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made of hemp; as, a <i>hempen</i> cord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like hemp.</def> "Beat into a
<i>hempen</i> state."  <i>Cook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hemp"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like hemp.</def>
[R.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hem*self"</hw> (?), <hw>Hem*selve"</hw> (&?;),
<hw>Hem*selv"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>pron. pl</i></pos>. [See
<u>Hem</u>, <pos><i>pron.</i></pos>] <def>Themselves; -- used
reflexively.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hem"stitch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hemstitched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hemstitching</u>.] [<i>Hem</i> + <i>stitch</i>.]
<def>To ornament at the head of a broad hem by drawing out a few
parallel threads, and fastening the cross threads in successive small
clusters; as, to <i>hemstitch</i> a handkerchief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hem"stitched</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
broad hem separated from the body of the article by a line of open
work; as, a <i>hemistitched</i> handkerchief.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"muse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The roebuck in its third year.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Hen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>henn</i>,
<i>hen</i>, <i>h&aelig;n</i>; akin to D. <i>hen</i>, OHG.
<i>henna</i>, G. <i>henne</i>, Icel. <i>h&?;na</i>, Dan.
<i>h&ouml;na</i>; the fem. corresponding to AS. <i>hana</i> cock, D.
<i>haan</i>, OHG. <i>hano</i>, G. <i>hahn</i>, Icel. <i>hani</i>,
Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>hane</i>. Prob. akin to L. <i>canere</i> to sing, and
orig. meaning, a singer.  Cf. <u>Chanticleer</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The female of the domestic fowl; also, the
female of grouse, pheasants, or any kind of birds; as, the heath
<i>hen</i>; the gray <i>hen</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Used adjectively or in combination to indicate the female;
as, <i>hen</i> canary, <i>hen</i> eagle, <i>hen</i> turkey,
pea<i>hen</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Hen clam</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A clam of the <i>Mactra</i>, and allied
genera; the sea clam or surf clam. See <u>Surf clam</u>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A California clam of the genus
<i>Pachydesma</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hen driver</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Hen harrier</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Hen harrier</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a hawk (<i>Circus cyaneus</i>), found in
Europe and America; -- called also <i>dove hawk</i>, <i>henharm</i>,
<i>henharrow</i>, <i>hen driver</i>, and usually, in America,
<i>marsh hawk</i>. See <u>Marsh hawk</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hen
hawk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several species of
large hawks which capture hens; esp., the American red-tailed hawk
(<i>Buteo borealis</i>), the red-shouldered hawk (<i>B.
lineatus</i>), and the goshawk.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hen"bane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hen</i> +
<i>bane</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Hyoscyamus</i> (<i>H. niger</i>). All parts of the plant are
poisonous, and the leaves are used for the same purposes as
belladonna. It is poisonous to domestic fowls; whence the name.
Called also, <i>stinking nightshade</i>, from the fetid odor of the
plant. See <u>Hyoscyamus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen"bit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
weed of the genus <i>Lamium</i> (<i>L. amplexicaule</i>) with deeply
crenate leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hence</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hennes</i>,
<i>hens</i> (the <i>s</i> is prop. a genitive ending; cf. <u>-
wards</u>), also <i>hen</i>, <i>henne</i>, <i>hennen</i>,
<i>heonnen</i>, <i>heonene</i>, AS. <i>heonan</i>, <i>heonon</i>,
<i>heona</i>, <i>hine</i>; akin to OHG. <i>hinn&amacr;n</i>, G.
<i>hinnen</i>, OHG. <i>hina</i>, G. <i>hin</i>; all from the root of
E. <i>he</i>. See <u>He</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>From this
place; away.</def> "Or that we <i>hence</i> wend."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Arise, let us go <i>hence</i>.</blockquote> <i>John
xiv. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will send thee far <i>hence</i> unto the
Gentiles.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>From this time; in the future; as, a week
<i>hence</i>.</def> "Half an hour <i>hence</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 686 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>From this reason; as an inference or
deduction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hence</i>, perhaps, it is, that Solomon calls the
fear of the Lord the beginning of wisdom.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>From this source or origin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All other faces borrowed <i>hence</i><BR>
Their light and grace.</blockquote> <i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whence come wars and fightings among you? Come they
not <i>hence</i>, even of your lusts?</blockquote> <i>James. iv.
1.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Hence</i> is used, elliptically and imperatively, for
<i>go hence</i>; <i>depart hence</i>; <i>away</i>; <i>be gone</i>.
"<i>Hence</i> with your little ones." <i>Shak.</i> -- <i>From
hence</i>, though a pleonasm, is fully authorized by the usage of
good writers.</p>

<p><blockquote>An ancient author prophesied <i>from
hence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Expelled <i>from hence</i> into a world<BR>
Of woe and sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hence</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To send
away.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hence`forth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>From this
time forward; henceforward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I never from thy side <i>henceforth</i> to
stray.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hence`for"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>From this
time forward; henceforth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hench"boy`</hw> (h&ebreve;nch"boi`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A page; a servant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hench"man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-men</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>hencheman</i>, <i>henxman</i>;
prob. fr. OE. &amp; AS. <i>hengest</i> horse + E. <i>man</i>, and
meaning, a groom. AS. <i>hengest</i> is akin to D. &amp; G. <i>hengst</i>
stallion, OHG. <i>hengist</i> horse, gelding.] <def>An attendant; a
servant; a follower. Now chiefly used as a political cant
term.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen"coop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coop or cage
for hens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hende</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE., near, handy, kind,
fr. AS. <i>gehende</i> near, fr. <i>hand</i> hand. See <u>Handy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Skillful; dexterous; clever.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Friendly; civil; gentle; kind.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hen*dec"a*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; eleven +
&?; angle: cf. F. <i>hend&eacute;cagone</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
plane figure of eleven sides and eleven angles.</def> [Written also
<i>endecagon</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hen"de*cane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"e`ndeka</grk> eleven.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon,
C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>24</sub>, of the paraffin series; -- so called
because it has eleven atoms of carbon in each molecule. Called also
<i>endecane</i>, <i>undecane</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen*dec`a*syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to a line of eleven syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen*dec"a*syl`la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hendecasyllabus</i>, Gr. &?; eleven-syllabled; &?; eleven + &?;
syllable: cf. F. <i>hend&eacute;casyllabe</i>.] <def>A metrical line
of eleven syllables.</def>  <i>J. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hen*dec`a*to"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hendecane</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Undecylic; pertaining to, or
derived from, hendecane; as, <i>hendecatoic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen*di"a*dys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
&?; &?; one by two.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A figure in which the idea
is expressed by two nouns connected by <i>and</i>, instead of by a
noun and limiting adjective; as, we drink from <i>cups and gold</i>,
for <i>golden cups</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Hende</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Hence.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hen"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A marine fish; the sea bream.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A young bib. See <u>Bib</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heng</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Hang</u>.
<def>Hung.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hen"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cowardly;
timid; chicken-hearted.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hen"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Henhouses</b></plw>. <def>A house or shelter for
fowls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen"hus`sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cotquean; a
man who intermeddles with women's concerns.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*ni"quen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jeniquen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>hinn&amacr;</i>
alcanna (<i>Lawsonia inermis or alba</i>).  Cf. <u>Alcanna</u>,
<u>Alkanet</u>, <u>Orchanet</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A thorny tree or shrub of
the genus <i>Lawsonia</i> (<i>L. alba</i>). The fragrant white
blossoms are used by the Buddhists in religious ceremonies. The
powdered leaves furnish a red coloring matter used in the East to
stain the nails and fingers, the manes of horses, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The leaves of the henna
plant, or a preparation or dyestuff made from them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen"ner*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inclosed
place for keeping hens.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hen"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Hence.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hen`no*tan"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Henna</i> +
<i>tannic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a
brown resinous substance resembling tannin, and extracted from the
henna plant; as, <i>hennotannic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>He*nog"e* ny</hw> (?), <hw>Hen`o*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>e"i`s</grk>, masc., <grk>"e`n</grk>,
neut., one + root of &?; to be born.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Ontogeny</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen"o*the*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>e"i`s</grk>, <grk>"enos`</grk>, one + E. <i>theism</i>.]
<def>Primitive religion in which each of several divinities is
regarded as independent, and is worshiped without reference to the
rest.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>He*not"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
unite, fr. <grk>e"i`s</grk> one.] <def>Harmonizing; irenic.</def>
<i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hen"peck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Henpecked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.</i></pos>
<u>Henpecking</u>.] <def>To subject to petty authority; -- said of a
wife who thus treats her husband. Commonly used in the past
participle (often adjectively).</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen"roost`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where
hens roost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Henrys</b></plw>. [From Joseph <i>Henry</i>, an American
physicist.] <def>The unit of electric induction; the induction in a
circuit when the electro-motive force induced in this circuit is one
volt, while the inducing current varies at the rate of one
amp&egrave;re a second.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen's-foot`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An umbelliferous plant (<i>Caucalis daucoides</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Hent</hw> (h&ebreve;nt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Hente</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Hent</u>.] [OE. <i>hente</i>, <i>henten</i>, fr. AS.
<i>hentan</i>, <i>gehentan</i>, to pursue, take, seize; cf. Icel.
<i>henda</i>, Goth. <i>hinpan</i> (in compos.), and E. <i>hunt</i>.]
<def>To seize; to lay hold on; to catch; to get.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This cursed Jew him <i>hente</i> and held him
fast.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But all that he might of his friendes <i>hente</i><BR>
On bookes and on learning he it spente.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hen"ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
coarse, blackish seaweed. See <u>Badderlocks</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Henx"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Henchman.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hep</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Hip</u>, the
fruit of the dog-rose.</def></p>

<p><hw>||He"par</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>hepar</i>,
<i>hepatis</i>, the liver, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i> <def>Liver of sulphur; a substance of a liver-brown color,
sometimes used in medicine. It is formed by fusing sulphur with
carbonates of the alkalies (esp. potassium), and consists essentially
of alkaline sulphides. Called also <i>hepar sulphuris</i>
(&?;).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any substance resembling hepar proper, in
appearance; specifically, in homeopathy, calcium sulphide, called
also <i>hepar sulphuris calcareum</i> (&?;).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hepar antimonii</b></col> (&?;) <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
substance, of a liver-brown color, obtained by fusing together
antimony sulphide with alkaline sulphides, and consisting of
sulphantimonites of the alkalies; -- called also <i>liver of
antimony</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>He*pat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hepaticus</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; the liver; akin to L. <i>jecur</i>, Skr.
<i>yak&?;t</i>: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;patique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the liver; as, <i>hepatic</i> artery;
<i>hepatic</i> diseases.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling the liver in color or in form;
as, <i>hepatic</i> cinnabar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, the plants called <i>Hepatic&aelig;</i>, or scale mosses
and liverworts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hepatic duct</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>any biliary
duct; esp., the duct, or one of the ducts, which carries the bile
from the liver to the cystic and common bile ducts. See
<i>Illust.</i>, under <u>Digestive</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hepatic
gas</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>sulphureted hydrogen gas.</cd>
-- <col><b>Hepatic mercurial ore</b></col>, or <col><b>Hepatic
cinnabar</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cinnabar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||He*pat"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hepatic&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Hepatic</u>. So
called in allusion to the shape of the lobed leaves or fronds.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of pretty spring
flowers closely related to Anemone; squirrel cup.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(bot.)</i> <def>Any plant, usually
procumbent and mosslike, of the cryptogamous class
<i>Hepatic&aelig;</i>; -- called also <i>scale moss</i> and
<i>liverwort</i>. See <u>Hepatic&aelig;</u>, in the
Supplement.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*pat"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hepatic.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hep"a*tite</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hepatitis</i> an unknown precious stone, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, &?;,
the liver: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;patite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
variety of barite emitting a fetid odor when rubbed or
heated.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hep`a*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, liver + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the liver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep`a*ti*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Impregnating with sulphureted
hydrogen gas.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>h&eacute;patisation</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Conversion into a substance resembling the liver;
a state of the lungs when gorged with effused matter, so that they
are no longer pervious to the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"a*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hepatized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hepatizing</u> (?).] [Gr. &?; to be like the liver,
to be liver-colored, fr. &?;, &?;, the liver: cf. E. <i>hepatite</i>,
and (for sense 2) F. <i>h&eacute;patiser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To impregnate with sulphureted hydrogen gas, formerly called
<i>hepatic</i> gas.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the right . . . were two wells of <i>hepatized</i>
water.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gorge with effused matter, as the
lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*pat"o*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
the liver + &?; tumor.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hernia of the
liver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep`a*to*cys"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hepatic</i> + <i>cystic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the liver and gall bladder; as, the <i>hepatocystic</i>
ducts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep`a*to*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hepatic</i> + <i>gastric</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Gastrohepatic</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hep`a*to*gen"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hep`a*tog"e*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"h^par</grk>, <grk>"h`patos</grk>, the
liver + root of <grk>gi`gnesthai</grk> to be born] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Arising from the liver; due to a condition of the liver; as,
<i>hepatogenic</i> jaundice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep`a*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"h^par</grk>, <grk>"h`patos</grk>, the liver + <i>-logy</i>.]
<def>The science which treats of the liver; a treatise on the
liver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"a*to-pan"cre*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"h^par</grk>, <grk>"h`patos</grk>, the liver + E.
<i>pancreas</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A digestive gland in
Crustacea, Mollusca, etc., usually called the liver, but different
from the liver of vertebrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep`a*to*re"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hepat</i>ic
+ <i>renal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the liver
and kidneys; as, the <i>hepatorenal</i> ligament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep`a*tos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; fr.
<grk>"h^par</grk>, <grk>"h`patos</grk>, the liver + &?; to view: cf.
F. <i>h&eacute;patoscopie</i>.] <def>Divination by inspecting the
liver of animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"pen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>geh&aelig;p</i> fit, Icel. <i>heppinn</i> lucky, E. <i>happy</i>.]
<def>Neat; fit; comfortable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hep"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young salmon; a parr.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"ta</hw> (?). [See <u>Seven</u>.] <def>A combining form
from Gr. <grk>"epta`</grk>, seven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"ta*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"epta`xordos</grk> seven-stringed; <grk>"epta`</grk> seven +
<grk>xordh`</grk> chord: cf. F. <i>heptacorde</i>. See <u>Seven</u>,
and <u>Chord</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A system of seven sounds.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A lyre with seven chords.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Poet.)</i> <def>A composition sung to
the sound of seven chords or tones.</def>  <i>Moore (Encyc. of
Music).</i></p>

<p><hw>Hep"tad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>heptas</i> the
number seven. Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. <grk>"epta`</grk> seven.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An atom which has a valence of seven, and which
can be theoretically combined with, substituted for, or replaced by,
<i>seven</i> monad atoms or radicals; as, iodine is a <i>heptad</i>
in iodic acid. Also used as an adjective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"tade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>heptade</i>. See <u>Heptad</u>.] <def>The sum or number of
seven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"ta*glot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>"epta`</grk> seven + 3, &?;, tongue, language.] <def>A book in
seven languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"ta*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
sevencornered; <grk>"epta`</grk> seven + &?; angle: cf. F.
<i>heptagone</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane figure consisting of
seven sides and having seven angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep*tag"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>heptagonal</i>.] <def>Having seven angles or sides.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Heptagonal numbers</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>the
numbers of the series 1, 7, 18, 34, 55, etc., being figurate numbers
formed by adding successively the terms of the arithmetical series 1,
6, 11, 16, 21, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Hep`ta*gyn"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"epta`</grk> seven + &?; woman, female: cf. F.
<i>heptagunie</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an order of
plants having seven pistils.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hep`ta*gyn"i*an</hw> (?), <hw>Hep*tag"y*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>heptagyne</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having seven pistils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep`ta*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hepta-</i> +
Gr. &?; seat, base, fr. &?; to sit: cf. F. <i>hepta&egrave;dre</i>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid figure with seven sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep*tam"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hepta-</i> +
Gr. &?; part.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Consisting of seven parts, or
having the parts in sets of sevens.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hep*tan"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"epta`</grk> seven + &?;, &?;, man, male: cf. F.
<i>heptandrie</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of
plants having seven stamens.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hep*tan"dri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Hep*tan"drous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>heptandre</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having seven stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"tane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"epta`</grk>
seven.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of several isometric
hydrocarbons, C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>16</sub>, of the paraffin series
(nine are possible, four are known); -- so called because the
molecule has <i>seven</i> carbon atoms. Specifically, a colorless
liquid, found as a constituent of petroleum, in the tar oil of cannel
coal, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep*tan"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hepta-</i> +
<i>angular</i>: cf. F. <i>heptangulaire</i>.  Cf.
<u>Septangular</u>.] <def>Having seven angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep*taph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hepta-</i>
+ Gr. &?; leaf: cf. F. <i>heptaphylle</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
seven leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"tarch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Heptarchist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep*tar"chic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>heptarchique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a heptarchy;
constituting or consisting of a heptarchy.</def>  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hep"tarch*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ruler of
one division of a heptarchy.</def> [Written also
<i>heptarch</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hep"tarch*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hepta-</i> +
<i>-archy</i>: cf. F. <i>heptarchie</i>.] <def>A government by seven
persons; also, a country under seven rulers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word is most commonly applied to England, when it was
divided into seven kingdoms; as, the Saxon <i>heptachy</i>, which
consisted of Kent, the South Saxons (Sussex), West Saxons (Wessex),
East Saxons (Essex), the East Angles, Mercia, and Northumberland.</p>

<p><hw>Hep`ta*sper"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hepta-</i>
+ Gr. &?; a seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having seven seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"ta*stich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hepta-</i> +
Gr. <grk>sti`chos</grk> line, verse.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A
composition consisting of seven lines or verses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"ta*teuch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>heptateuchos</i>, Gr. <grk>"epta`</grk> seven + &?; tool, book;
&?; to prepare, make, work: cf. F. <i>heptateuque</i>.] <def>The
first seven books of the Testament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep*tav"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hepta-</i> +
L. <i>valens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Valence</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Having seven units of attractive force or affinity; -- said of
<i>heptad</i> elements or radicals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"tene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"epta`</grk>
seven.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Heptylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hept</i>ane + <i>-
ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of unsaturated
metameric hydrocarbons, C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>12</sub>, of the acetylene
series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep*to"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, heptane; as, <i>heptoic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"epta`</grk>
seven.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon,
C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>, of the valylene series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep" tree`</hw> (?). [See <u>Hep</u>.] <def>The wild dog-
rose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hepta-</i> + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound radical,
C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>15</sub>, regarded as the essential radical of
heptane and a related series of compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"tyl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A colorless liquid hydrocarbon, C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>14</sub>, of
the ethylene series; also, any one of its isomers. Called also
<i>heptene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep*tyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, heptyl or heptane; as,
<i>heptylic</i> alcohol.  Cf. <u>&OElig;nanthylic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron. &amp; a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hire</i>,
<i>here</i>, <i>hir</i>, <i>hure</i>, gen. and dat. sing., AS.
<i>hire</i>, gen. and dat. sing. of <i>h&eacute;o</i> she. from the
same root as E. <i>he</i>. See <u>He</u>.] <def>The form of the
objective and the possessive case of the personal pronoun <i>she</i>;
as, I saw <i>her</i> with <i>her</i> purse out.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The possessive <i>her</i> takes the form <i>hers</i> when
the noun with which in agrees is not given, but implied. "And what
his fortune wanted, <i>hers</i> could mend."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her</hw>, <hw>Here</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>pron. pl.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>here</i>, <i>hire</i>, AS. <i>heora</i>, <i>hyra</i>, gen.
pl. of <i>h&emacr;</i>. See <u>He</u>.] <def>Of them; their.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On <i>here</i> bare knees adown they
fall.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>He*rac"le*on*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of Heracleon of Alexandria, a Judaizing
Gnostic, in the early history of the Christian church.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*rak"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; Hercules.]
<def>A picrate compound, used as an explosive in blasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"ald</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>herald</i>,
<i>heraud</i>, OF. <i>heralt</i>, <i>heraut</i>, <i>herault</i>, F.
<i>h&eacute;raut</i>, LL. <i>heraldus</i>, <i>haraldus</i>, fr.
(assumed) OHG. <i>heriwalto</i>, <i>hariwaldo</i>, a (civil) officer
who serves the army; <i>hari</i>, <i>heri</i>, army + <i>waltan</i>
to manage, govern, G. <i>walten</i>; akin to E. <i>wield</i>. See
<u>Harry</u>, <u>Wield</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i>
<def>An officer whose business was to denounce or proclaim war, to
challenge to battle, to proclaim peace, and to bear messages from the
commander of an army. He was invested with a sacred and inviolable
character.</def></p>

<p><! p. 687 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the Middle Ages, the officer charged
with the above duties, and also with the care of genealogies, of the
rights and privileges of noble families, and especially of armorial
bearings. In modern times, some vestiges of this office remain,
especially in England. See <i>Heralds' College</i> (below), and
<u>King-at-Arms</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A proclaimer; one who, or that which,
publishes or announces; as, the <i>herald</i> of another's
fame.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A forerunner; a a precursor; a
harbinger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was the lark, the <i>herald</i> of the
morn.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any messenger.</def> "My <i>herald</i> is
returned."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Heralds' College</b></col>, <cd>in England, an ancient
corporation, dependent upon the crown, instituted or perhaps
recognized by Richard III. in 1483, consisting of the three Kings-at-
Arms and the Chester, Lancaster, Richmond, Somerset, Windsor, and
York Heralds, together with the Earl Marshal. This retains from the
Middle Ages the charge of the armorial bearings of persons privileged
to bear them, as well as of genealogies and kindred subjects; --
called also <i>College of Arms</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Her"ald</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Heralded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Heralding</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>herauder</i>, <i>heraulder</i>.]
<def>To introduce, or give tidings of, as by a herald; to proclaim;
to announce; to foretell; to usher in.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>He*ral"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;raldique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to heralds or
heraldry; as, <i>heraldic</i> blazoning; <i>heraldic</i>
language.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>He*ral"dic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
heraldic manner; according to the rules of heraldry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"ald*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
office of a herald; the art, practice, or science of recording
genealogies, and blazoning arms or ensigns armorial; also, of
marshaling cavalcades, processions, and public ceremonies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"ald*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
herald.</def>  <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"a*path*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Dr.
<i>Herapath</i>, the discoverer.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The sulphate of
iodoquinine, a substance crystallizing in thin plates remarkable for
their effects in polarizing light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"aud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A herald.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Herb</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>herbe</i>,
<i>erbe</i>, OF. <i>herbe</i>, <i>erbe</i>, F. <i>herbe</i>, L.
<i>herba</i>; perh. akin to Gr. <grk>forbh`</grk> food, pasture,
<grk>fe`rbein</grk> to feed.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A plant whose
stem does not become woody and permanent, but dies, at least down to
the ground, after flowering.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Annual herbs live but one season; biennial herbs flower the
second season, and then die; perennial herbs produce new stems year
after year.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Grass; herbage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And flocks<BR>
Grazing the tender <i>herb</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Herb bennet</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Bennet</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Herb Christopher</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an herb (<i>Act&aelig;a spicata</i>), whose root
is used in nervous diseases; the baneberry. The name is occasionally
given to other plants, as the royal fern, the wood betony, etc.</cd>
-- <col><b>Herb Gerard</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the goutweed; --
so called in honor of St. <i>Gerard</i>, who used to be invoked
against the gout.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Herb
grace</b></col>, or <col><b>Herb of grace</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Rue</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Herb Margaret</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the daisy. See <u>Marguerite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Herb Paris</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an Old World plant
related to the trillium (<i>Paris quadrifolia</i>), commonly reputed
poisonous.</cd> -- <col><b>Herb Robert</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
species of <i>Geranium</i> (<i>G. Robertianum</i>.)</cd></p>

<p><hw>Her*ba"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>herbaceus</i> grassy. See <u>Herb</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
herbs; having the nature, texture, or characteristics, of an herb;
as, <i>herbaceous</i> plants; an <i>herbaceous</i> stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herb"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Herb</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Herbs collectively; green food beasts;
grass; pasture.</def> "Thin <i>herbage</i> in the plaims."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law.)</i> <def>The liberty or right of
pasture in the forest or in the grounds of another man.</def>
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Herb"aged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
grass.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Herb"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to herbs.</def>  <i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Herb"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A book containing the names and descriptions of plants.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of specimens of plants, dried
and preserved; a hortus siccus; an herbarium.</def>
<i>Steele.</i></p>

<p><hw>Herb"al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The knowledge
of herbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herb"al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in the
knowledge of plants; a collector of, or dealer in, herbs, especially
medicinal herbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herb"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An herb.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her*ba"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
herbalist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herb"a*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
herbalist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Her*ba"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Herbariums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Herbaria</b></plw> (#).
[LL., fr. L. <i>herba</i>. See <u>Herb</u>, and cf. <u>Arbor</u>,
<u>Herbary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A collection of dried
specimens of plants, systematically arranged.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A book or case for preserving dried
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herb"a*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Herborize</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herb"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Herbarium</u>.] <def>A garden of herbs; a cottage garden.</def>
<i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Herb"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>herbier</i>,
LL. <i>herbarium</i>. See <u>Herbarium</u>.] <def>A garden; a
pleasure garden.</def> [Obs.] "Into an <i>herber</i> green."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"berg*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Harborage</u>.] <def>Harborage; lodging; shelter; harbor.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"ber*geour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Harbinger</u>.] <def>A harbinger.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"bergh</hw> (?), <hw>Her"ber*we</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Harbor</u>.] <def>A harbor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her*bes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>herbescens</i>, <i>p. pr.</i> of <i>herbescere</i>.] <def>Growing
into herbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herb"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>herbidus</i>.]
<def>Covered with herbs.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her*bif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Herb</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>herbif&eacute;re</i>.] <def>Bearing herbs
or vegetation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herb"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
herbalist.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Her*biv"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>herba</i> herb + <i>vorare</i> to devour.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An extensive division of Mammalia. It formerly included the
Proboscidea, Hyracoidea, Perissodactyla, and Artiodactyla, but by
later writers it is generally restricted to the two latter groups
(Ungulata). They feed almost exclusively upon vegetation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"bi*vore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>herbivore</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Herbivora.</def>  <i>P. H. Gosse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her*biv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Eating plants; of or pertaining to the
Herbivora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herb"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
herbs or of vegetation.</def>  <i>J. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Herb"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
herb.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"bo*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>herboriste</i>.] <def>A herbalist.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her`bo*ri*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>herborisation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
herborizing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The figure of plants in minerals or
fossils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"bo*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Herborized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Herborizing</u> (?).] [F. <i>herboriser</i>, for
<i>herbariser</i>, fr. L. <i>herbarium</i>. See <u>Hebrarium</u>.]
<def>To search for plants, or new species of plants, with a view to
classifying them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>herborized</i> as he traveled.</blockquote>
<i>W. Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"bo*rize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form the
figures of plants in; -- said in reference to minerals. See
<u>Arborized</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Herborized</i> stones contain fine
mosses.</blockquote> <i>Fourcroy (Trans.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"bor*ough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Harborough</u>, and <u>Harbor</u>.] <def>A harbor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Her*bose"</hw> (?), <hw>Herb"ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>herbosus</i>: cf. F. <i>herbeux</i>.]
<def>Abounding with herbs.</def> "Fields poetically called
<i>herbose</i>."  <i>Byrom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Herb"-wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Herb-women</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman that sells
herbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herb"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the nature
of, pertaining to, or covered with, herbs or herbage.</def>
"<i>Herby</i> valleys."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her*cog"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a fence
+ &?; marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Not capable of self-
fertilization; -- said of hermaphrodite flowers in which some
structural obstacle forbids autogamy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her*cu"le*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>herculeus</i>, fr. <i>Hercules</i>: cf. F.
<i>hercul&eacute;en</i>. See <u>Hercules</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Requiring the strength of Hercules; hence,
very great, difficult, or dangerous; as, an <i>Herculean</i>
task.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having extraordinary strength or size; as,
<i>Herculean</i> limbs.</def> "<i>Herculean</i> Samson."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"cu*les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>A hero, fabled to have been the son of
Jupiter and Alcmena, and celebrated for great strength, esp. for the
accomplishment of his twelve great tasks or "labors."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation in the
northern hemisphere, near Lyra.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hercules' beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
species of <i>Dynastes</i>, an American genus of very large
lamellicorn beetles, esp. <i>D. hercules</i> of South America, which
grows to a length of six inches.</cd> -- <col><b>Hercules'
club</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An ornamental
tree of the West Indies (<i>Zanthoxylum Clava-Herculis</i>), of the
same genus with the prickly ash.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
variety of the common gourd (<i>Lagenaria vulgaris</i>). Its fruit
sometimes exceeds five feet in length.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>The Angelica tree. See under <u>Angelica</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hercules powder</b></col>, <cd>an explosive containing
nitroglycerin; -- used for blasting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Her*cyn"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Hercynia</i> silva, <i>Hercynius</i> saltus, the Hercynian forest;
cf. Gr. &?; &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to an extensive forest in
Germany, of which there are still portions in Swabia and the Hartz
mountains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herd</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Haired.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Herd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>herd</i>,
<i>heord</i>, AS. <i>heord</i>; akin to OHG. <i>herta</i>,G.
<i>herde</i>, Icel. <i>hj&ouml;r&?;</i>, Sw. <i>hjord</i>, Dan.
<i>hiord</i>, Goth. <i>ha&iacute;rda</i>; cf. Skr.
<i>&ccedil;ardha</i> troop, host.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A number of beasts assembled together; as,
a <i>herd</i> of horses, oxen, cattle, camels, elephants, deer, or
swine; a particular stock or family of cattle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lowing <i>herd</i> wind slowly o'er the
lea.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Herd</i> is distinguished from <i>flock</i>, as being
chiefly applied to the larger animals. A number of cattle, when
driven to market, is called a <i>drove</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A crowd of low people; a rabble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But far more numerous was the <i>herd</i> of such<BR>
Who think too little and who talk too much.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You can never interest the common <i>herd</i> in the
abstract question.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Herd's grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>one of several
species of grass, highly esteemed for hay. See under
<u>Grass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Herd</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hirde</i>,
<i>herde</i>, <i>heorde</i>, AS. <i>hirde</i>, <i>hyrde</i>,
<i>heorde</i>; akin to G. <i>hirt</i>, <i>hirte</i>, OHG.
<i>hirti</i>, Icel. <i>hir</i>&?;<i>ir</i>, Sw. <i>herde</i>, Dan.
<i>hyrde</i>, Goth. <i>ha&iacute;rdeis</i>. See 2d <u>Herd</u>.]
<def>One who herds or assembles domestic animals; a herdsman; -- much
used in composition; as, a shep<i>herd</i>; a goat<i>herd</i>, and
the like.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Herd</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Herded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Herding</u>.] [See 2d <u>Herd</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
unite or associate in a herd; to feed or run together, or in company;
as, sheep <i>herd</i> on many hills.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To associate; to ally one's self with, or
place one's self among, a group or company.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>herd</i> among his friends, and seem<BR>
One of the number.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To act as a herdsman or a shepherd.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Herd</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form or put into a
herd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herd"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book
containing the list and pedigrees of one or more herds of choice
breeds of cattle; -- also called <i>herd record</i>, or <i>herd
register</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herd"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A herdsman.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Her"der*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Baron
von <i>Herder</i>, who discovered it.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A rare
fluophosphate of glucina, in small white crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herd"ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shepherdess; a
female herder.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Herd"groom`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
herdsman.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Her"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from Peter
<i>Herdic</i>, the inventor.] <def>A kind of low-hung cab.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Herd"man</hw> (?), <hw>Herds"man</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-men</b></plw> (&?;).
<def>The owner or keeper of a herd or of herds; one employed in
tending a herd of cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herds"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> -
<plw><b>women</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman who tends a herd.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Here</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hair.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Here</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Her</u>, their.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Her; hers. See <u>Her</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Here</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>her</i>, AS.
<i>h&?;r</i>; akin to OS. <i>h&?;r</i>, D. <i>hier</i>, OHG.
<i>hiar</i>, G. <i>hier</i>, Icel. &amp; Goth. <i>h&?;r</i>, Dan.
<i>her</i>, Sw. <i>h&auml;r</i>; fr. root of E. <i>he</i>. See
<u>He</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In this place; in the place where
the speaker is; -- opposed to <i>there</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is not <i>here</i>, for he is risen.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xxviii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the present life or state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Happy <i>here</i>, and more happy
hereafter.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To or into this place; hither. [Colloq.]
See <u>Thither</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Here</i> comes Virgil.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou led'st me <i>here</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>At this point of time, or of an argument;
now.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The prisoner <i>here</i> made violent efforts to
rise.</blockquote> <i>Warren.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Here</i>, in the last sense, is sometimes used before a
verb without subject; as, <i>Here goes</i>, for Now (something or
somebody) goes; -- especially occurring thus in drinking healths.
"<i>Here's</i> [a health] to thee, Dick."  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Here and there</b></col>, <cd>in one place and another; in
a dispersed manner; irregularly.</cd> "Footsteps <i>here and
there</i>." <i>Longfellow.</i> -- <col><b>It is neither, here nor
there</b></col>, <cd>it is neither in this place nor in that, neither
in one place nor in another; hence, it is to no purpose, irrelevant,
nonsense.</cd> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Here"a-bout`</hw> (?), <hw>Here"a*bouts`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>About this place; in
this vicinity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Concerning this.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Here*aft"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&emacr;r&aelig;fter</i>.] <def>In time to come; in some future
time or state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hereafter</i> he from war shall come.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Here*aft"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A future existence
or state.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis Heaven itself that points out an
<i>hereafter</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Here*aft"er*ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Hereafter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt <i>hereafterward</i> . . .
come.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Here-at"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At, or by
reason of, this; as, he was offended <i>hereat</i>.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Here*by"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>By means of this.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>hereby</i> we do know that we know
him.</blockquote> <i>1 John ii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Close by; very near.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>He*red`i*ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State
of being hereditable.</def>  <i>Brydges.</i></p>

<p><hw>He*red"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>hereditabilis</i>, fr. <i>hereditare</i> to inherit, fr. L.
<i>hereditas</i> heirship inheritance, <i>heres</i> heir: cf. OF.
<i>hereditable</i>. See <u>Heir</u>, and cf. <u>Heritable</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being inherited. See
<u>Inheritable</u>.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Qualified to inherit; capable of
inheriting.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*red"i*ta*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
inheritance.</def>  <i>W. Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her`e*dit"a*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>hereditamentum</i>. See <u>Hereditable</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Any
species of property that may be inherited; lands, tenements, anything
corporeal or incorporeal, real, personal, or mixed, that may descend
to an heir.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>corporeal hereditament</i> is visible and tangible; an
<i>incorporeal hereditament</i> is not in itself visible or tangible,
being an hereditary right, interest, or obligation, as duty to pay
rent, or a right of way.</p>

<p><hw>He*red"i*ta*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
inheritance; in an hereditary manner.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>He*red"i*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hereditarius</i>, fr. <i>hereditas</i> heirship, inheritance, fr.
<i>heres</i> heir: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;r&eacute;ditaire</i>. See
<u>Heir</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Descended, or capable of
descending, from an ancestor to an heir at law; received or passing
by inheritance, or that must pass by inheritance; as, an
<i>hereditary</i> estate or crown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Transmitted, or capable of being
transmitted, as a constitutional quality or condition from a parent
to a child; as, <i>hereditary</i> pride, bravery, disease.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ancestral; patrimonial; inheritable.</p>

<p><hw>He*red"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hereditas</i> heirship.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Hereditary
transmission of the physical and psychical qualities of parents to
their offspring; the biological law by which living beings tend to
repeat their characteristics in their descendants. See
<u>Pangenesis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"e*ford</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a breed
of cattle originating in Herefordshire, England. The Herefords are
good working animals, and their beef-producing quality is
excellent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Here"hence`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>From
hence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Here*in"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&?;rinne</i>.] <def>In this.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Herein</i> is my Father glorified, that ye bear
much fruit.</blockquote> <i>John xv. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Here`in*aft"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
following part of this (writing, document, speech, and the
like).</def></p>

<p><hw>Here`in*be*fore"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
preceding part of this (writing, document, book, etc.).</def></p>

<p><hw>Here`in*to"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Into
this.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Her"e*mit</hw> (?), <hw>Her"e*mite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hermit</u>.] <def>A hermit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her`e*mit"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a hermit; solitary; secluded from society.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of hair.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Here*of"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Of this;
concerning this; from this; hence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hereof</i> comes it that Prince Harry is
valiant.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Here*on"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>On or upon
this; hereupon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Here*out"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Out of
this.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"e*si*arch</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>haeresiarcha</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; heresy + &?; leader, &?; to lead:
cf. F. <i>h&eacute;r&eacute;siarque</i>.] <def>A leader in heresy;
the chief of a sect of heretics.</def>  <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"e*si*arch`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chief or
great heresy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The book itself [the Alcoran] consists of
<i>heresiarchies</i> against our blessed Savior.</blockquote> <i>Sir
T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her`e*si*og"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Heresiography</u>.] <def>One who writes on heresies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her`e*si*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
heresy + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;r&eacute;siographie</i>.]
<def>A treatise on heresy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"e*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Heresies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>heresie</i>, <i>eresie</i>,
OF. <i>heresie</i>, <i>iresie</i>, F. <i>h&eacute;r&eacute;sie</i>,
L. <i>haeresis</i>, Gr. &?; a taking, a taking for one's self,
choosing, a choice, a sect, a heresy, fr. &?; to take, choose.]</p>

<p><! p. 688 !></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opinion held in opposition to the
established or commonly received doctrine, and tending to promote a
division or party, as in politics, literature, philosophy, etc.; --
usually, but not necessarily, said in reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>New opinions<BR>
Divers and dangerous, which are <i>heresies</i>,<BR>
And, not reformed, may prove pernicious.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After the study of philosophy began in Greece, and the
philosophers, disagreeing amongst themselves, had started many
questions . . . because every man took what opinion he pleased, each
several opinion was called a <i>heresy</i>; which signified no more
than a private opinion, without reference to truth or
falsehood.</blockquote> <i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Religious opinion opposed
to the authorized doctrinal standards of any particular church,
especially when tending to promote schism or separation; lack of
orthodox or sound belief; rejection of, or erroneous belief in regard
to, some fundamental religious doctrine or truth;
heterodoxy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Doubts 'mongst divines, and difference of texts,<BR>
From whence arise diversity of sects,<BR>
And hateful <i>heresies</i> by God abhor'd.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Deluded people! that do not consider that the greatest
<i>heresy</i> in the world is a wicked life.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An offense against
Christianity, consisting in a denial of some essential doctrine,
which denial is publicly avowed, and obstinately
maintained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A second offense is that of <i>heresy</i>, which
consists not in a total denial of Christianity, but of some its
essential doctrines, publicly and obstinately avowed.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "When I call dueling, and similar aberrations of honor, a
moral <i>heresy</i>, I refer to the force of the Greek &?;, as
signifying a principle or opinion taken up by the will for the will's
sake, as a proof or pledge to itself of its own power of self-
determination, independent of all other motives."
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"e*tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>haereticus</i>, Gr. &?; able to choose, heretical, fr. &?; to
take, choose: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;r&eacute;tique</i>. See
<u>Heresy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who holds to a heresy;
one who believes some doctrine contrary to the established faith or
prevailing religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man that is an <i>heretic</i>, after the first and
second admonition, reject.</blockquote> <i>Titus iii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One who having made a
profession of Christian belief, deliberately and pertinaciously
refuses to believe one or more of the articles of faith "determined
by the authority of the universal church."</def>  <i>Addis &
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Heretic</u>, <u>Schismatic</u>,
<u>Sectarian</u>.  A <i>heretic</i> is one whose errors are
doctrinal, and usually of a malignant character, tending to subvert
the true faith. A <i>schismatic</i> is one who creates a
<i>schism</i>, or division in the church, on points of faith,
discipline, practice, etc., usually for the sake of personal
aggrandizement. A <i>sectarian</i> is one who originates or is an
ardent adherent and advocate of a <i>sect</i>, or distinct
organization, which separates from the main body of believers.</p>

<p><hw>He*ret"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
heresy; of the nature of, or characterized by, heresy.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*ret"i*cal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
heretical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>He*ret"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>haereticatus</i>, p. p. of <i>haereticare</i>.] <def>To decide to
be heresy or a heretic; to denounce as a heretic or heretical.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And let no one be minded, on the score of my
neoterism, to <i>hereticate</i> me.</blockquote> <i>Fitzed.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>He*ret`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of hereticating or pronouncing heretical.</def>  <i>London
Times.</i></p>

<p><hw>Here*to"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To this;
hereunto.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Her"e*toch</hw> (?), <hw>Her"e*tog</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>heretoga</i>, <i>heretoha</i>;
<i>here</i> army +  <i>te&oacute;n</i> to draw, lead; akin to OS.
<i>heritogo</i>, OHG. <i>herizogo</i>, G. <i>herzog</i> duke.]
<i>(AS. Antiq.)</i> <def>The leader or commander of an army; also, a
marshal.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Here`to*fore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Up to this
time; hitherto; before; in time past.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Here`un*to"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Unto this;
up to this time; hereto.</def></p>

<p><hw>Here`up*on"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>On this;
hereon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Here*with"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
this.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Hery</u>.]
<def>To praise; to worship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"i*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>heregeatu</i>
military equipment, heriot; <i>here</i> army + <i>geatwe</i>, pl.,
arms, equipments.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>Formerly, a payment or
tribute of arms or military accouterments, or the best beast, or
chattel, due to the lord on the death of a tenant; in modern use, a
customary tribute of goods or chattels to the lord of the fee, paid
on the decease of a tenant.</def>  <i>Blackstone. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Heriot custom</b></col>, <cd>a heriot depending on
usage.</cd> -- <col><b>Heriot service</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
heriot due by reservation in a grant or lease of lands.</cd>
<i>Spelman. Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"i*ot*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subject to
the payment of a heriot.</def>  <i>Burn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"is*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>h&eacute;risson</i>, prop., hedgehog.] <i>(fort.)</i> <def>A beam
or bar armed with iron spikes, and turning on a pivot; -- used to
block up a passage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her`it*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being heritable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"it*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>h&eacute;ritable</i>. See <u>Heritage</u>, <u>Hereditable</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being inherited or of passing by
inheritance; inheritable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of inheriting or receiving by
inheritance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This son shall be legitimate and
<i>heritable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Heritable rights</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>, <cd>rights
of the heir; rights to land or whatever may be intimately connected
with land; realty.</cd>  <i>Jacob (Law Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"it*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>heritage</i>, <i>eritage</i>, OF. <i>heritage</i>, <i>eritage</i>,
F. <i>h&eacute;ritage</i>, fr. <i>h&eacute;riter</i> to inherit, LL.
<i>heriditare</i>. See <u>Hereditable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is inherited, or passes from heir to heir;
inheritance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Part of my <i>heritage</i>,<BR>
Which my dead father did bequeath to me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>A possession; the
Israelites, as God's chosen people; also, a flock under pastoral
charge.</def>  <i>Joel iii. 2.</i>  <i>1 Peter v. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"it*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>heritance</i>.] <def>Heritage; inheritance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Robbing their children of the <i>heritance</i><BR>
Their fathers handed down</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"it*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>her&?;ator</i>, fr. L. <i>heres</i> an heir.] <def>A proprietor or
landholder in a parish.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Herl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Harl</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"ling</hw>, <hw>Hir"ling</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Etymol. uncertain.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The young of the sea
trout.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Her"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Herm&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>See <u>Hermes</u>,
<sn><b>2.</b></sn></def></p>

<p><hw>Her*maph`ro*de"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hermaphrodism.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her*maph"ro*dism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hermaphrodisme</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Hermaphroditism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her*maph"ro*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hermaphroditus</i>, Gr. &?;, so called from the mythical story
that <i>Hermaphroditus</i>, son of Hermes and Aphrodite, when
bathing, became joined in one body with Salmacis, the nymph of a
fountain in Caria: cf. F. <i>hermaphrodite</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>An individual which has the attributes of both male and female,
or which unites in itself the two sexes; an animal or plant having
the parts of generation of both sexes, as when a flower contains both
the stamens and pistil within the same calyx, or on the same
receptacle. In some cases reproduction may take place without the
union of the distinct individuals. In the animal kingdom true
hermaphrodites are found only among the invertebrates. See
<i>Illust.</i> in Appendix, under <i>Helminths</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her*maph"ro*dite</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Including, or
being of, both sexes; as, an <i>hermaphrodite</i> animal or
flower.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hermaphrodite brig</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Brig</u>.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Her*maph`ro*dit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Her*maph`ro*dit"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Partaking of the
characteristics of both sexes; characterized by
hermaphroditism.</def> -- <wf>Her*maph`ro*dit"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Her*maph"ro*dit*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The union of the two sexes in the same
individual, or the combination of some of their characteristics or
organs in one individual.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Her`me*neu"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Her`me*neu"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to interpret: cf. F.
<i>herm&eacute;neutique</i>.] <def>Unfolding the signification; of or
pertaining to interpretation; exegetical; explanatory; as,
<i>hermeneutic</i> theology, or the art of expounding the Scriptures;
a <i>hermeneutic</i> phrase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her`me*neu"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>According to the principles of interpretation; as, a verse of
Scripture was examined <i>hermeneutically</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her`me*neu"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; (sc.
&?;).] <def>The science of interpretation and explanation; exegesis;
esp., that branch of theology which defines the laws whereby the
meaning of the Scriptures is to be ascertained.</def>  <i>Schaff-
Herzog Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"mes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>See <u>Mercury</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Hermes Trismegistus</i> [Gr. <grk>'Ermh^s
trisme`gistos</grk>, lit., Hermes thrice greatest] was a late name of
Hermes, especially as identified with the Egyptian god Thoth. He was
the fabled inventor of astrology and alchemy.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch&aelig;ology)</i> <def>Originally, a
boundary stone dedicated to Hermes as the god of boundaries, and
therefore bearing in some cases a head, or head and shoulders, placed
upon a quadrangular pillar whose height is that of the body belonging
to the head, sometimes having feet or other parts of the body
sculptured upon it. These figures, though often representing Hermes,
were used for other divinities, and even, in later times, for
portraits of human beings. Called also <i>herma</i>. See <i>Terminal
statue</i>, under <u>Terminal</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Her*met"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Her*met"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>herm&eacute;tique</i>. See Note under
<u>Hermes</u>, 1.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
taught by, Hermes Trismegistus; as, <i>hermetic</i> philosophy.
Hence: Alchemical; chemic.</def> "Delusions of the <i>hermetic</i>
art."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The alchemists, as the people were called who tried to
make gold, considered themselves followers of Hermes, and often
called themselves <i>Hermetic</i> philosophers.</blockquote> <i>A. B.
Buckley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the system which
explains the causes of diseases and the operations of medicine on the
principles of the hermetic philosophy, and which made much use, as a
remedy, of an alkali and an acid; as, <i>hermetic</i>
medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Made perfectly close or air-tight by
fusion, so that no gas or spirit can enter or escape; as, an
<i>hermetic</i> seal. See Note under <u>Hermetically</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hermetic art</b></col>, <cd>alchemy.</cd> --
<col><b>Hermetic books</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Books of
the Egyptians, which treat of astrology.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Books which treat of universal principles, of the nature and
orders of celestial beings, of medicine, and other topics.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Her*met"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an hermetical manner; chemically.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By fusion, so as to form an air-tight
closure.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A vessel or tube is <i>hermetically</i> sealed when it is
closed completely against the passage of air or other fluid by fusing
the extremity; -- sometimes less properly applied to any air-tight
closure.</p>

<p><hw>Her"mit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ermite</i>,
<i>eremite</i>, <i>heremit</i>, <i>heremite</i>, F. <i>hermite</i>,
<i>ermite</i>, L. <i>eremita</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; lonely, solitary.
Cf. <u>Eremite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person who retires
from society and lives in solitude; a recluse; an anchoret;
especially, one who so lives from religious motives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had been Duke of Savoy, and after a very glorious
reign, took on him the habit of a <i>hermit</i>, and retired into
this solitary spot.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A beadsman; one bound to pray for
another.</def> [Obs.] "We rest your <i>hermits</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hermit crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a marine
decapod crustacean of the family <i>Pagurid&aelig;</i>. The species
are numerous, and belong to many genera. Called also <i>soldier
crab</i>. The hermit crabs usually occupy the dead shells of various
univalve mollusks. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Commensal</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hermit thrush</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American
thrush (<i>Turdus Pallasii</i>), with retiring habits, but having a
sweet song.</cd> -- <col><b>Hermit warbler</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a California wood warbler (<i>Dendroica
occidentalis</i>), having the head yellow, the throat black, and the
back gray, with black streaks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Her"mit*age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>hermitage</i>, <i>ermitage</i>, F. <i>hermitage</i>,
<i>ermitage</i>. See <u>Hermit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
habitation of a hermit; a secluded residence.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Some forlorn and naked <i>hermitage</i>,<BR>
Remote from all the pleasures of the world.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>Vin de l'Hermitage</i>.] <def>A
celebrated French wine, both white and red, of the Department of
Dr&ocirc;me.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"mit*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>hermitorium</i>, <i>eremitorium</i>.] <def>A cell annexed to an
abbey, for the use of a hermit.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"mit*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
hermit.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her*mit"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or suited for, a hermit.</def>  <i>Coventry.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her`mo*dac"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>hermodactylus</i>, lit., Hermes' finger; fr. Gr. &?; Hermes + &?;
finger.] <i>(med.)</i> <def>A heart-shaped bulbous root, about the
size of a finger, brought from Turkey, formerly used as a
cathartic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her`mo*ge"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A disciple of <i>Hermogenes</i>, an heretical teacher
who lived in Africa near the close of the second century. He held
matter to be the fountain of all evil, and that souls and spirits are
formed of corrupt matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
heron; esp., the common European heron.</def> "A stately
<i>hern</i>."  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her*na"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thin silk or
woolen goods, for women's dresses, woven in various styles and
colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hyrne</i>.]
<def>A corner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lurking in <i>hernes</i> and in lanes
blind.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Hernias</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Herni&aelig;</b></plw> (#).
[L.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A protrusion, consisting of an organ or part
which has escaped from its natural cavity, and projects through some
natural or accidental opening in the walls of the latter; as,
<i>hernia</i> of the brain, of the lung, or of the bowels. Hernia of
the abdominal viscera in most common. Called also
<i>rupture</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Strangulated hernia</b></col>, <cd>a hernia so tightly
compressed in some part of the channel through which it has been
protruded as to arrest its circulation, and produce swelling of the
protruded part. It may occur in recent or chronic hernia, but is more
common in the latter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Her"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, or connected
with, hernia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her`ni*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hernia</i> +
Gr. &?; to cut.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cutting for the cure or relief
of hernia; celotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hern"shaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Heronshaw.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>He"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Heroes</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>h&eacute;ros</i>, L.
<i>heros</i>, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>An
illustrious man, supposed to be exalted, after death, to a place
among the gods; a demigod, as Hercules.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man of distinguished valor or enterprise
in danger, or fortitude in suffering; a prominent or central
personage in any remarkable action or event; hence, a great or
illustrious person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each man is a <i>hero</i> and oracle to
somebody.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The principal personage in a poem, story,
and the like, or the person who has the principal share in the
transactions related; as Achilles in the Iliad, Ulysses in the
Odyssey, and &AElig;neas in the &AElig;neid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shining quality of an epic
<i>hero</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hero worship</b></col>, <cd>extravagant admiration for
great men, likened to the ancient worship of heroes.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hero worship</i> exists, has existed, and will
forever exist, universally among mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>He*ro"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Jewish
Hist.)</i> <def>One of a party among the Jews, composed of partisans
of Herod of Galilee. They joined with the Pharisees against
Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>||He*ro`di*o"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a heron.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of wading
birds, including the herons, storks, and allied forms. Called also
<i>Herodii</i>.</def> -- <wf>He*ro`di*o"nine</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>He"ro*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A heroine.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>He*ro"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>h&eacute;ro&iuml;que</i>, L. <i>hero&iuml;cus</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, or like, a hero; of the
nature of heroes; distinguished by the existence of heroes; as, the
<i>heroic</i> age; an <i>heroic</i> people; <i>heroic</i>
valor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of a hero; bold; daring; brave;
illustrious; as, <i>heroic</i> action; <i>heroic</i>
enterprises.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Sculpture &amp; Painting)</i> <def>Larger than
life size, but smaller than colossal; -- said of the representation
of a human figure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Heroic Age</b></col>, <cd>the age when the heroes, or
those called the children of the gods, are supposed to have
lived.</cd> -- <col><b>Heroic poetry</b></col>, <cd>that which
celebrates the deeds of a hero; epic poetry.</cd> --
<col><b>Heroic</b></col> <col><b>treatment or remedies</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>treatment or remedies of a severe character,
suited to a desperate case.</cd> -- <col><b>Heroic verse</b></col>
<i>(Pros.)</i>, <cd>the verse of heroic or epic poetry, being in
English, German, and Italian the iambic of ten syllables; in French
the iambic of twelve syllables; and in classic poetry the
hexameter.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Brave; intrepid; courageous; daring; valiant; bold;
gallant; fearless; enterprising; noble; magnanimous; illustrious.</p>

<p><hw>He*ro"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heroic.</def>
[R.] <i>Spectator.</i> -- <wf>He*ro"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>He*ro"ic*al*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 689 !></p>

<p><hw>He*ro"ic*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Heroism.</def> [R.]  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>He`ro*i*com"ic</hw> (?), <hw>He`ro*i*com"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>h&eacute;ro&iuml;comigue</i>. See
<u>Heroic</u>, and <u>Comic</u>.] <def>Combining the heroic and the
ludicrous; denoting high burlesque; as, a <i>heroicomic</i>
poem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"o*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>h&eacute;ro&iuml;ne</i>, L. <i>heroina</i>, Gr. &?;, fem. of &?;.
See <u>Hero</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman of an heroic
spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>heroine</i> assumed the woman's
place.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The principal female person who figures in
a remarkable action, or as the subject of a poem or story.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"o*ism</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>h&eacute;ro&iuml;sme</i>.] <def>The qualities characteristic of a
hero, as courage, bravery, fortitude, unselfishness, etc.; the
display of such qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Heroism</i> is the self-devotion of genius
manifesting itself in action.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Heroism</u>, <u>Courage</u>, <u>Fortitude</u>,
<u>Bravery</u>, <u>Valor</u>, <u>Intrepidity</u>, <u>Gallantry</u>.
<i>Courage</i> is generic, denoting fearlessness or defiance of
danger; <i>fortitude</i> is <i>passive</i> courage, the habit of
<i>bearing up</i> nobly under trials, danger, and sufferings;
<i>bravery</i> is courage displayed in daring acts; <i>valor</i> is
courage in battle or other conflicts with living opponents;
<i>intrepidity</i> is <i>firm</i> courage, which shrinks not amid the
most appalling dangers; <i>gallantry</i> is <i>adventurous</i>
courage, dashing into the thickest of the fight. <i>Heroism</i> may
call into exercise all these modifications of courage. It is a
contempt of danger, not from ignorance or inconsiderate levity, but
from a noble devotion to some great cause, and a just confidence of
being able to meet danger in the spirit of such a cause.  Cf.
<u>Courage</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Her"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>heiroun</i>,
<i>heroun</i>, <i>heron</i>, <i>hern</i>, OF. <i>hairon</i>, F.
<i>h&eacute;ron</i>, OHG. <i>heigir</i>; cf. Icel. <i>hegri</i>, Dan.
<i>heire</i>, Sw. <i>h&auml;ger</i>, and also G. <i>h&auml;her</i>
jay, jackdaw, OHG. <i>hehara</i>, <i>higere</i>, woodpecker, magpie,
D. <i>reiger</i> heron, G. <i>reiher</i>, AS. <i>hr&amacr;gra</i>.
Cf. <u>Aigret</u>, <u>Egret</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any wading
bird of the genus <i>Ardea</i> and allied genera, of the family
<i>Ardeid&aelig;</i>. The herons have a long, sharp bill, and long
legs and toes, with the claw of the middle toe toothed. The common
European heron (<i>Ardea cinerea</i>) is remarkable for its directly
ascending flight, and was formerly hunted with the larger
falcons.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are several common American species; as, the great
blue heron (<i>Ardea herodias</i>); the little blue (<i>A.
c&oelig;rulea</i>); the green (<i>A. virescens</i>); the snowy (<i>A.
candidissima</i>); the night heron or qua-bird (<i>Nycticorax
nycticorax</i>). The plumed herons are called <i>egrets</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Heron's bill</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the
genus <i>Erodium</i>; -- so called from the fancied resemblance of
the fruit to the head and beak of the heron.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Her"on*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hawk used in
hunting the heron.</def> "<i>Heroner</i> and falcon."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"on*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where
herons breed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"on*sew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
heronshaw.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"on*shaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>heroncel</i>, dim. of <i>h&eacute;ron</i>. See <u>Heron</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A heron.</def> [Written variously
<i>hernshaw</i>, <i>harnsey</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>He`ro*&ouml;l"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; +
&?; discourse.] <def>One who treats of heroes.</def> [R.]  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>He"ro*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character
or personality of a hero.</def> "Three years of <i>heroship</i>."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"pes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>"e`rphs</grk>, fr. <grk>"e`rpein</grk> to creep.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An eruption of the skin, taking various names, according to its
form, or the part affected; especially, an eruption of vesicles in
small distinct clusters, accompanied with itching or tingling,
including shingles, ringworm, and the like; -- so called from its
tendency to creep or spread from one part of the skin to
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her*pet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>herp&eacute;tique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, the
herpes; partaking of the nature of herpes; as, <i>herpetic</i>
eruptions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"pe*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Herpes</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <i>Dartrous diathesis</i>,
under <u>Dartrous</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Her*pet`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Her*pet`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to herpetology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her`pe*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in herpetology, or the natural history of reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her`pe*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also,
but less properly, <i>erpetology</i>.] [Gr. &?; a creeping thing,
reptile (fr. &?; to creep) + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F.
<i>herp&eacute;tologie</i>.] <def>The natural history of reptiles;
that branch of zo&ouml;logy which relates to reptiles, including
their structure, classification, and habits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her`pe*tot"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dissects, or studies the anatomy of, reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her`pe*tot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
reptile + &?; to cut.] <def>The anatomy or dissection of
reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Herr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A title of respect
given to gentlemen in Germany, equivalent to the English
<i>Mister</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hering</i>,
AS. <i>h&aelig;ring</i>; akin to D. <i>haring</i>, G.
<i>h&auml;ring</i>, <i>hering</i>, OHG. <i>haring</i>, <i>hering</i>,
and prob. to AS. <i>here</i> army, and so called because they
commonly move in large numbers.  Cf. <u>Harry</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of various species of fishes of the
genus <i>Clupea</i>, and allied genera, esp. the common round or
English herring (<i>C. harengus</i>) of the North Atlantic. Herrings
move in vast schools, coming in spring to the shores of Europe and
America, where they are salted and smoked in great
quantities.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Herring gull</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
gull which feeds in part upon herrings; esp., <i>Larus argentatus</i>
in America, and <i>L. cachinnans</i> in England. See
<u>Gull</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Herring hog</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common porpoise.</cd> -- <col><b>King of
the herrings</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The chim&aelig;ra (<i>C. monstrosa</i>) which follows the schools
of herring. See <u>Chim&aelig;ra</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The opah.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Her"ring*bone`</hw> (h&ebreve;r"r&ibreve;ng*b&omacr;n`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or like, the spine of a
herring; especially, characterized by an arrangement of work in rows
of parallel lines, which in the alternate rows slope in different
directions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Herringbone stitch</b></col>, <cd>a kind of cross-stitch
in needlework, chiefly used in flannel.</cd>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Herrn"hut*er</hw> (h&etilde;rn"h&ubreve;*&etilde;r; G.
h&ebreve;rn"h&oomac;*&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of the Moravians; -- so called from the
settlement of <i>Herrnhut</i> (the Lord's watch) made, about 1722, by
the Moravians at the invitation of Nicholas Lewis, count of
Zinzendorf, upon his estate in the circle of Bautzen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hers</hw> (h&etilde;rz), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>See the
Note under <u>Her</u>, <pos><i>pron.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Her"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rehearsal.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"schel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>See <u>Uranus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her*sche"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
relating to Sir William Herschel; as, the <i>Herschelian</i>
telescope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Herse</hw> (h&etilde;rs), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>herse</i> harrow, portcullis, OF. <i>herce</i>, LL. <i>hercia</i>,
L. <i>hirpex</i>, gen. <i>hirpicis</i>, and <i>irpex</i>, gen.
<i>irpicis</i>, harrow. The LL. <i>hercia</i> signifies also a kind
of candlestick in the form of a harrow, having branches filled with
lights, and placed at the head of graves or cenotaphs; whence
<i>herse</i> came to be used for the grave, coffin, or chest
containing the dead.  Cf. <u>Hearse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A kind of gate or portcullis, having iron bars,
like a harrow, studded with iron spikes. It is hung above gateways so
that it may be quickly lowered, to impede the advance of an
enemy.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Hearse</u>, a carriage for the
dead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A funeral ceremonial.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Herse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hearse</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her*self"</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An emphasized form of the third person feminine pronoun; -- used
as a subject with <i>she</i>; as, she <i>herself</i> will bear the
blame; also used alone in the predicate, either in the nominative or
objective case; as, it is <i>herself</i>; she blames
<i>herself</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Her own proper, true, or real character;
hence, her right, or sane, mind; as, the woman was deranged, but she
is now <i>herself</i> again; she has come to
<i>herself</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By herself</b></col>, <cd>alone; apart;
unaccompanied.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Her"sil*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>herse</i> a harrow. See <u>Herse</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A beam with projecting spikes, used to make a
breach impassable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hert</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hart.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A heart.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"te*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Hearty;
heartily.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Her"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>herian</i>.]
<def>To worship; to glorify; to praise.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hes"i*tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>haesitantia</i> a stammering.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
hesitating, or pausing to consider; slowness in deciding;
vacillation; also, the manner of one who hesitates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stammering; a faltering in
speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hes"i*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>haesitans</i>, <i>p. pr.</i> of <i>haesitare</i>: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;sitant</i>. See <u>Hesitate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not prompt in deciding or acting; hesitating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unready in speech.</def>
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hes"i*tant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With hesitancy
or doubt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hes"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hesitated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hesitating</u>.] [L. <i>haesitatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>haesitare</i>, intens. fr. <i>haerere</i> to hesitate, stick fast;
to hang or hold fast.  Cf. <u>Aghast</u>, <u>Gaze</u>,
<u>Adhere</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stop or pause respecting decision or
action; to be in suspense or uncertainty as to a determination; as,
he <i>hesitated</i> whether to accept the offer or not; men often
<i>hesitate</i> in forming a judgment.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stammer; to falter in
speaking.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To doubt; waver; scruple; deliberate; demur;
falter; stammer.</p>

<p><hw>Hes"i*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter with
hesitation or to intimate by a reluctant manner.</def> [Poetic &
R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Just hint a fault, and <i>hesitate</i>
dislike.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hes"i*ta`ting*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
hesitation or doubt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hes`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>haesitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;sitation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of hesitating; suspension of opinion
or action; doubt; vacillation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A faltering in speech; stammering.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hes"i*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showing, or
characterized by, hesitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He said] in his mild, <i>hesitative</i>
way.</blockquote> <i>R. D. Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hes"i*ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hesitating.</def>  <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hesp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>hespa</i> a
hasp, a wisp or skein. See <u>Hasp</u>.] <def>A measure of two hanks
of linen thread.</def> [Scot.] [Written also <i>hasp</i>.]
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hes"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hesperian</u>.]
<def>The evening; Hesperus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hes*per"e*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white, crystalline substance having a sweetish taste, obtained
by the decomposition of hesperidin, and regarded as a complex
derivative of caffeic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hes*pe"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hesperius</i>, fr. <i>hesperus</i> the evening star, Gr. &?;
evening, &?; &?; the evening star.  Cf. <u>Vesper</u>.] <def>Western;
being in the west; occidental.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hes*pe"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or an
inhabitant of a western country.</def> [Poetic]  <i>J.
Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hes*pe"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a family of butterflies called
<i>Hesperid&aelig;</i>, or skippers.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Any one of the numerous species of <i>Hesperid&aelig;</i>; a
skipper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hes"per*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as 3d <u>Hesperian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hes*per"i*dene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hesperidium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An isomeric variety of
terpene from orange oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hes*per"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr.
Gr. &?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The daughters of
Hesperus, or Night (brother of Atlas), and fabled possessors of a
garden producing golden apples, in Africa, at the western extremity
of the known world. To slay the guarding dragon and get some of these
apples was one of the labors of Hercules. Called also
<i>Atlantides</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The garden producing the golden
apples.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It not love a Hercules,<BR>
Still climbing trees in the <i>Hesperides</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hes*per"i*din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hesperidium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside found in ripe
and unripe fruit (as the orange), and extracted as a white
crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hes`pe*rid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So
called in allusion to the golden apples of the Hesperides. See
<u>Hesperides</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large berry with a thick
rind, as a lemon or an orange.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hes`pe*ror"nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; western + &?;, &?;, a bird.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of
large, extinct, wingless birds from the Cretaceous deposits of
Kansas, belonging to the Odontornithes. They had teeth, and were
essentially carnivorous swimming ostriches. Several species are
known. See <i>Illust.</i> in Append.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hes"pe*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Hesper</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Venus when she is the evening
star; Hesper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evening.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Sun was sunk, and after him the Star<BR>
Of <i>Hesperus</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hes"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to
Hesse, in Germany, or to the Hessians.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hessian boots</b></col>, or <col><b>Hessians</b></col>,
<cd>boot of a kind worn in England, in the early part of the
nineteenth century, tasseled in front.</cd> <i>Thackeray.</i> --
<col><b>Hessian cloth</b></col>, or <col><b>Hessians</b></col>, <cd>a
coarse hempen cloth for sacking.</cd> -- <col><b>Hessian
crucible</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Crucible</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hessian fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
dipterous fly or midge (<i>Cecidomyia destructor</i>). Its
larv&aelig; live between the base of the lower leaves and the stalk
of wheat, and are very destructive to young wheat; -- so called from
the erroneous idea that it was brought into America by the Hessian
troops, during the Revolution.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hes"sian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Hesse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mercenary or venal person.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p>&fist; This use is a relic of the patriot hatred of the Hessian
mercenaries who served with the British troops in the Revolutionary
War.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>See <i>Hessian boots</i> and
<i>cloth</i>, under <u>Hessian</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Hess"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After H.
<i>Hess</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A lead-gray sectile mineral. It is a
telluride of silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>h&?;s</i>, fr.
<i>h&?;tan</i> to call, bid. See <u>Hight</u>, and cf.
<u>Behest</u>.] <def>Command; precept; injunction.</def> [Archaic]
See <u>Behest</u>. "At thy <i>hest</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him that yields obey the victor's
<i>hest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet I thy <i>hest</i> will all perform, at
full.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hes"tern</hw> (?), <hw>Hes*ter"nal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hesternus</i>; akin to <i>heri</i>
yesterday.] <def>Pertaining to yesterday. [Obs.] See <u>Yester</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def>  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hes"y*chast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; hermit,
fr. &?; to be still or quiet, fr. &?; still, calm.] <def>One of a
mystical sect of the Greek Church in the fourteenth century; a
quietist.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>He*tair"ism</hw> (?), <hw>Het"a*rism</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a companion, a concubine, fem. of &?; a
comrade.] <def>A supposed primitive state of society, in which all
the women of a tribe were held in common.</def> <i>H. Spencer.</i> --
<wf>Het`a*ris"tic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hetch"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hatchel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hete</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hete</u>, later <u>Het</u>.] <def><i>Variant of</i>
<u>Hote</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But one avow to greate God I <i>hete</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*a*canth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i>
+ Gr. &?; a spine.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the spines of the
dorsal fin unsymmetrical, or thickened alternately on the right and
left sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*arch`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i> +
<i>-archy</i>.] <def>The government of an alien.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Het`e*raux*e"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; the other + &?; growth.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Unequal growth of
a cell, or of a part of a plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>"e`teros</grk> other.] <def>A
combining form signifying <i>other</i>, <i>other than usual</i>,
<i>different</i>; as, <i>hetero</i>clite, <i>hetero</i>dox,
<i>hetero</i>gamous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*car"pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + Gr.&?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The power of producing two
kinds of reproductive bodies, as in <i>Amphicarp&aelig;a</i>, in
which besides the usual pods, there are others underground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*car"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Characterized by heterocarpism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hetero-</i> + Gr.&?; head.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing two kinds
of heads or capitula; -- said of certain composite plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Het`e*roc"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; other + &?; horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
Lepidoptera, including the moths, and hawk moths, which have the
antenn&aelig; variable in form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*cer"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + Gr. &?; tail.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the vertebral column
evidently continued into the upper lobe of the tail, which is usually
longer than the lower one, as in sharks.</def></p>

<p><! p. 690 !></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*cer`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i>
+ Gr. &?; a tail.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Unequal development of the
tail lobes of fishes; the possession of a heterocercal
tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*chro"mous</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hetero-</i> + Gr. &?; color.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the
central florets of a flower head of a different color from those of
the circumference.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Het`er*och"ro*nism</hw> (?), <hw>Het`er*och"ro*ny</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of different times; &?; other + &?;
time.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>In evolution, a deviation from the typical
sequence in the formation of organs or parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*clite</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>heteroclitus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; other + &?; to lean, incline,
inflect: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;t&eacute;roclite</i>.] <def>Deviating
from ordinary forms or rules; irregular; anomalous;
abnormal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*clite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word which is irregular or anomalous either in
declension or conjugation, or which deviates from ordinary forms of
inflection in words of a like kind; especially, a noun which is
irregular in declension.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any thing or person deviating from the
common rule, or from common forms.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Het`er*o*clit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Het`er*o*clit"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Heteroclite</u>.] <def>Deviating from
ordinary forms or rules; irregular; anomalous; abnormal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*oc"li*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Heteroclitic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i> +
<i>cyst</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cell larger than the others, and
of different appearance, occurring in certain alg&aelig; related to
nostoc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*dac"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Heterodactylous.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Heterodactyl&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Het`e*ro*dac"ty*l&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; other + &?; a finger.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
group of birds including the trogons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hetero-</i> + Gr. &?; a toe.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the
first and second toes turned backward, as in the trogons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?; a tooth.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the teeth
differentiated into incisors, canines, and molars, as in man; --
opposed to <i>homodont</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*dont</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any animal with heterodont dentition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*dox</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
other + &?; opinion; cf. F. <i>h&eacute;t&eacute;rodoxe</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contrary to, or differing from, some
acknowledged standard, as the Bible, the creed of a church, the
decree of a council, and the like; not orthodox; heretical; -- said
of opinions, doctrines, books, etc., esp. upon theological
subjects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Raw and indigested, <i>heterodox</i>,
preaching.</blockquote> <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Holding heterodox opinions, or doctrines
not orthodox; heretical; -- said of persons.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Het"er*o*dox`ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Het"er*o*dox`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*dox</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An opinion
opposed to some accepted standard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*dox`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
orthodox.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*dox`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;t&eacute;rodoxie</i>.] <def>An opinion or doctrine, or a
system of doctrines, contrary to some established standard of faith,
as the Scriptures, the creed or standards of a church, etc.;
heresy.</def>  <i>Bp. Bull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*od"ro*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + Gr. &?; to run.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
spirals of changing direction.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Moving in opposite
directions; -- said of a lever, pulley, etc., in which the resistance
and the actuating force are on opposite sides of the fulcrum or
axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*og"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + Gr. <grk>ga`mos</grk> marriage: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;t&eacute;rogame</i>.] <i>(Bot. &amp; Biol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The condition of having two or more kinds of
flowers which differ in regard to stamens and pistils, as in the
aster.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Characterized by
heterogamy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*og"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Heterogamous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The process of fertilization
in plants by an indirect or circuitous method; -- opposed to
<i>orthogamy</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That form of alternate
generation in which two kinds of sexual generation, or a sexual and a
parthenogenetic generation, alternate; -- in distinction from
<i>metagenesis</i>, where sexual and asexual generations
alternate.</def>  <i>Claus &amp; Sedgwick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*gan"gli*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hetero-</i> +  <i>gangliate</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Having
the ganglia of the nervous system unsymmetrically arranged; -- said
of certain invertebrate animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Heterogenous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*ge"ne*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Heterogeneous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*ge*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;t&eacute;rog&eacute;n&eacute;it&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
state of being heterogeneous; contrariety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The difference, indeed the <i>heterogeneity</i>, of
the two may be felt.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
&?; + &?; race, kind; akin to E. <i>kin</i>: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;t&eacute;rog&egrave;ne</i>.] <def>Differing in kind;
having unlike qualities; possessed of different characteristics;
dissimilar; -- opposed to <i>homogeneous</i>, and said of two or more
connected objects, or of a conglomerate mass, considered in respect
to the parts of which it is made up.</def> --
<wf>Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Heterogeneous nouns</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>nouns
having different genders in the singular and plural numbers; as,
<i>hic locus</i>, of the masculine gender in the singular, and <i>hi
loci</i> and <i>h&aelig;c loca</i>, both masculine and neuter in the
plural; <i>hoc c&aelig;lum</i>, neuter in the singular; <i>hi
c&aelig;li</i>, masculine in the plural.</cd> --
<col><b>Heterogeneous quantities</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>such
quantities as are incapable of being compared together in respect to
magnitude, and surfaces and solids.</cd> -- <col><b>Heterogeneous
surds</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>surds having different radical
signs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + <i>genesis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Spontaneous generation, so called.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That method of reproduction
in which the successive generations differ from each other, the
parent organism producing offspring different in habit and structure
from itself, the original form, however, reappearing after one or
more generations; -- opposed to <i>homogenesis</i>, or
<i>gamogenesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Relating to heterogenesis; as,
<i>heterogenetic</i> transformations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*og"e*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>One who believes in the theory of spontaneous generation, or
heterogenesis.</def>  <i>Bastian.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*og"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to heterogenesis; heterogenetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*og"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Heterogenesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*og"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Characterized by heterogony.</def> --
<wf>Het`er*og"o*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*og"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i>
+ Gr. &?; offspring.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The condition of having two
or more kinds of flowers, different as to the length of their stamens
and pistils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Heterography</u>.] <def>Employing the same letters to represent
different sounds in different words or syllables; -- said of methods
of spelling; as, the ordinary English orthography is
<i>heterographic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>That method of spelling in which the
same letters represent different sounds in different words, as in the
ordinary English orthography; e. g., <i>g</i> in <i>get</i> and in
<i>ginger</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*og"y*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + Gr. &?; a woman, female.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having
females very unlike the males in form and structure; -- as certain
insects, the males of which are winged, and the females
wingless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*ol"o*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + Gr. &?; proportion.] <def>Characterized by heterology;
consisting of different elements, or of like elements in different
proportions; different; -- opposed to <i>homologous</i>; as,
<i>heterologous</i> organs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Heterologous stimulus</b></col>. <i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Stimulus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Heterologous tumor</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a tumor differing in structure from the normal
tissues of the body.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The absence
of correspondence, or relation, in type of structure; lack of analogy
between parts, owing to their being composed of different elements,
or of like elements in different proportions; variation in structure
from the normal form; -- opposed to <i>homology</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The connection or relation
of bodies which have partial identity of composition, but different
characteristics and properties; the relation existing between
derivatives of the same substance, or of the analogous members of
different series; as, ethane, ethyl alcohol, acetic aldehyde, and
acetic acid are in <i>heterology</i> with each other, though each in
at the same time a member of a distinct homologous series.  Cf.
<u>Homology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Het`e*rom"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; other + &?; part.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
Coleoptera, having heteromerous tarsi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*om"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Heteromera</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem &amp; Crystallog.)</i>
<def>Unrelated in chemical composition, though similar or indentical
in certain other respects; as, borax and augite are
hom&oelig;morphous, but <i>heteromerous</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>With the parts not
corresponding in number.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Having the femoral artery developed as the principal artery of
the leg; -- said of certain birds, as the cotingas and pipras.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having five tarsal joints in the anterior
and middle legs, but only four in the posterior pair, as the blister
beetles and oil beetles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Deviating from the normal,
perfect, or mature form; having different forms at different stages
of existence, or in different individuals of the same species; --
applied especially to insects in which there is a wide difference of
form between the larva and the adult, and to plants having more than
one form of flower.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Het`er*o*mor"phism</hw> (?), <hw>Het`er*o*mor"phy</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The state or quality of
being heteromorphic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Heteromorphic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Het`e*ro*my*a"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; other + &?; a muscle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of bivalve shells, including the marine mussels, in which
the two adductor muscles are very unequal. See <u>Dreissena</u>, and
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Byssus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Het`e*ro*ne*re"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hetero-</u>, and <u>Nereis</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A free-
swimming, dimorphic, sexual form of certain species of
Nereis.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this state the head and its appendages are changed in
form, the eyes become very large; more or less of the parapodia are
highly modified by the development of finlike lobes, and branchial
lamell&aelig;, and their set&aelig; become longer and bladelike.</p>

<p><hw>Het`er*on"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + Gr. <grk>no`mos</grk> law.] <def>Subject to the law of
another.</def>  <i>Krauth-Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*on"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Subordination or subjection to the law of
another; political subjection of a community or state; -- opposed to
<i>autonomy</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>A term applied by Kant to
those laws which are imposed on us from without, or the violence done
to us by our passions, wants, or desires.</def>  <i>Krauth-
Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*nym</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
heteronymous; a thing having a different name or designation from
some other thing; -- opposed to <i>homonym</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*on"y*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + Gr. <grk>"o`nyma</grk>, for <grk>"o`noma</grk> a name.]
<def>Having different names or designations; standing in opposite
relations.</def>  <i>J. Le Conte.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Het"er*on"y*mous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*ou`si*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + Gr. &?; being, essence.] <def>Having different essential
qualities; of a different nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*ou"si*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of those Arians who held that the Son was of a
different substance from the Father.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*ou"si*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Heteroousian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*path"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + Gr. &?; suffering, fr. &?;, &?;, to suffer.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the method of heteropathy; allopathic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*op"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Heteropathic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>That mode of treating
diseases, by which a morbid condition is removed by inducing an
opposite morbid condition to supplant it; allopathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*pel"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + Gr. &?; the sole of the foot.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having each
of the two flexor tendons of the toes bifid, the branches of one
going to the first and second toes; those of the other, to the third
and fourth toes. See <i>Illust.</i> in Append.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Het`e*roph"a*gi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; other + &?; to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Altrices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*oph"e*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
liable to the fault of heterophemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*oph"e*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i>
+ Gr. &?; voice, speech, fr. &?; to speak.] <def>The unconscious
saying, in speech or in writing, of that which one does not intend to
say; -- frequently the very reverse of the thought which is present
to consciousness.</def>  <i>R. G. White.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*oph"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i>
+ Gr. &?; voice.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An abnormal state of the
voice.</def>  <i>Mayne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*oph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
other + &?; leaf: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;t&eacute;rophylle</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having leaves of more than one shape on the same
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i>
+ Gr. &?; anything formed or molded.] <def>An abnormal formation
foreign to the economy, and composed of elements different from those
are found in it in its normal condition.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-
</i> + <i>-plastic</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Producing a different
type of organism; developing into a different form of tissue, as
cartilage which develops into bone.</def>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;t&eacute;ropode</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Heteropoda.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Heteropodous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Het`e*rop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; other + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
pelagic Gastropoda, having the foot developed into a median fin. Some
of the species are naked; others, as <i>Carinaria</i> and
<i>Atlanta</i>, have thin glassy shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*op"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Heteropoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*op"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Heteroptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Het`e*rop"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?; other + &?; a wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder
of Hemiptera, in which the base of the anterior wings is thickened.
See <u>Hemiptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*op"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i>
+ <i>optics</i>.] <def>False optics.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*os"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
other + &?; shadow: cf. F. <i>h&eacute;t&eacute;roscien</i>.]
<def>One who lives either north or south of the tropics, as
contrasted with one who lives on the other side of them; -- so called
because at noon the shadows always fall in opposite directions (the
one northward, the other southward).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Het`e*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; alteration, fr. &?; other, different.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
figure of speech by which one form of a noun, verb, or pronoun, and
the like, is used for another, as in the sentence: "What is life to
such as <i>me</i>?"</def>  <i>Aytoun.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Het`e*ro*so"ma*ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; other + &?;, &?;, body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of fishes, comprising the flounders, halibut, sole, etc.,
having the body and head asymmetrical, with both eyes on one side.
Called also <i>Heterosomata</i>, <i>Heterosomi</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Het`er*o*spor"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Het`er*o*spor"ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i> + <i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Producing two kinds of spores unlike each other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*styled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having styles of two or more distinct forms or lengths.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*sty"lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The condition of being heterostyled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*o*tac"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Relating to, or characterized by,
heterotaxy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het"er*o*tax`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i>
+ Gr. &?; an arrangement, fr. &?; to arrange.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Variation in arrangement from that existing in a normal form;
heterogenous arrangement or structure, as, in botany, the deviation
in position of the organs of a plant, from the ordinary or typical
arrangement.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Het`er*ot"o*pism</hw> (?), <hw>Het`er*ot"o*py</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hetero-</i> + Gr. &?; place: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;t&eacute;rotopie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A deviation from the natural position; -- a term applied in the
case of organs or growths which are abnormal in situation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A deviation from the
natural position of parts, supposed to be effected in thousands of
years, by the gradual displacement of germ cells.</def></p>

<p><! p. 691 !></p>

<p><hw>||Het`e*rot"ri*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; other + &?;, gen. &?;, a hair.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of ciliated Infusoria, having fine cilia all over the
body, and a circle of larger ones around the anterior end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*ot"ro*pal</hw> (?), <hw>Het`er*ot"ro*pous</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"etero`tropos</grk> turning another
way; &?; other + &?; to turn: cf. F.
<i>h&eacute;t&eacute;rotrope</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the
embryo or ovule oblique or transverse to the funiculus;
amphitropous.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>He"thing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Contempt;
scorn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Het"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hetmans</b></plw> (#). [Pol. <i>hetman</i>.  Cf.
<u>Ataman</u>.] <def>A Cossack headman or general. The title of
<i>chief hetman</i> is now held by the heir to the throne of
Russia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heugh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Hogh</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crag; a cliff; a glen with overhanging
sides.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shaft in a coal pit; a hollow in a
quarry.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Heuk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Variant of
<u>Huke</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Heu"land*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After
<i>Heuland</i>, an English mineralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral of the Zeolite family, often occurring in amygdaloid, in
foliated masses, and also in monoclinic crystals with pearly luster
on the cleavage face. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and
lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heu*ris"tic</hw> (h&usl;*r&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>e"yri`skein</grk> to discover.]
<def>Serving to discover or find out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hev"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The head.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hew</hw> (h&umacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Hewed</u> (h&umacr;d); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hewed</u> or <u>Hewn</u> (h&umacr;n); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Hewing</u>.] [AS. <i>he&aacute;wan</i>; akin to
D. <i>houwen</i>, OHG. <i>houwan</i>, G. <i>hauen</i>, Icel.
<i>h&ouml;ggva</i>, Sw. <i>hugga</i>, Dan. <i>hugge</i>, Lith.
<i>kova</i> battle, Russ. <i>kovate</i> to hammer, forge.  Cf.
<u>Hay</u> cut grass, <u>Hoe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut
with an ax; to fell with a sharp instrument; -- often with
<i>down</i>, or <i>off</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form or shape with a sharp instrument;
to cut; hence, to form laboriously; -- often with <i>out</i>; as, to
<i>hew</i> out a sepulcher.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look unto the rock whence ye are
<i>hewn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is. li. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rather polishing old works than <i>hewing</i> out
new.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut in pieces; to chop; to
hack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hew</i> them to pieces; hack their bones
asunder.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Destruction by cutting
down.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of whom he makes such havoc and such
<i>hew</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hue;
color.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shape; form.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hewe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Hind</u> a
peasant.] <def>A domestic servant; a retainer.</def> [Obs.] "False
homely <i>hewe</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hew"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Hickwall</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European green
woodpecker. See <u>Yaffle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hewn</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Felled, cut, or shaped as with an ax; roughly squared; as, a
house built of <i>hewn</i> logs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Roughly dressed as with a hammer; as,
<i>hewn</i> stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex-</hw> (?), <hw>Hex"a</hw> (#). [Gr. <grk>"e`x</grk> six.
See <u>Six</u>.] <def>A prefix or combining form, used to denote
<i>six</i>, <i>sixth</i>, etc.; as, <i>hex</i>atomic,
<i>hexa</i>basic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex`a*ba"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hexa-</i> +
<i>basic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having six hydrogen atoms or six
radicals capable of being replaced or saturated by bases; -- said of
acids; as, mellitic acid is <i>hexabasic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex`a*cap"su*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hexa-</i>
+ <i>capsular</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having six capsules or seed
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex"a*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hexa-</i> + Gr.
&?; string, chord: cf. F. <i>hexacorde</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
series of six notes, with a semitone between the third and fourth,
the other intervals being whole tones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex`ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hex-</i> +
<i>acid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having six atoms or radicals
capable of being replaced by acids; hexatomic; hexavalent; -- said of
bases; as, mannite is a <i>hexacid</i> base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*ac`ti*nel"lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having six-rayed spicules; belonging to the
<i>Hexactinellin&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*ac`ti*nel"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From NL.
<i>Hexactinellin&aelig;</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>"e`x</grk> six + a dim. of
&?;, &?;, a ray.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the
<i>Hexactinellin&aelig;</i>, a group of sponges, having six-rayed
siliceous spicules.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hex`ac*tin"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hex-</u>, and <u>Actinia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Anthozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>hexas</i>,
<i>hexadis</i>, the number six, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. <grk>"e`x</grk>
six.] <i>(chem.)</i> <def>An atom whose valence is six, and which can
be theoretically combined with, substituted for, or replaced by,
<i>six</i> monad atoms or radicals; as, sulphur is a <i>hexad</i> in
sulphuric acid. Also used as an adjective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex`a*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>"e`x</grk> six + &?; finger: cf. F. <i>hexadactyle</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having six fingers or toes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex"ade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hexad</u>.]
<def>A series of six numbers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex"a*dec`ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Hecdecane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex"a*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>hexagonum</i>,
Gr. &?; six-cornered; <grk>"e`x</grk> six (akin to E. <i>six</i>) +
&?; angle.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane figure of six
angles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Regular hexagon</b></col>, <cd>a hexagon in which the
angles are all equal, and the sides are also all equal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hex*ag"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hexagonal</i>.] <def>Having six sides and six angles; six-
sided.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hexagonal system</b></col>. <i>(Crystal.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Crystallization</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hex*ag"o*nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
hexagonal manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*ag"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
hexagon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hex`a*gyn"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"e`x</grk> six + <grk>gynh^</grk> a woman, female: cf. F.
<i>hexagynie</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an order of plants
having six pistils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex`a*gyn"i*an</hw> (?), <hw>Hex*ag"y*nous</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>hexagyne</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having six pistils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex`a*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In the form
of a hexahedron; having six sides or faces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex`a*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Hexahedrons</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Hexahedra</b></plw>
(#). [<i>Hexa-</i> + Gr. &?; seat, base, fr. &?; to sit: cf. F.
<i>hexa&egrave;dre</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid body of six
sides or faces.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Regular hexahedron</b></col>, <cd>a hexagon having six
equal squares for its sides; a cube.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hex`a*hem"er*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"e`x</grk> six + &?; day; cf. L. <i>hexa&euml;meron</i>, Gr.
&?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A term of six days.</def>
<i>Good.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The history of the six day's work of
creation, as contained in the first chapter of Genesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*am"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hexa-</i> +
Gr.&?; part.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In six parts; in sixes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*am"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
of six meters; (sc. &?;) hexameter verse; <grk>"e`x</grk> six + &?;
measure: cf. F. <i>hexam&egrave;tre</i>. See <u>Six</u>, and
<u>Meter</u>.] <i>(Gr. &amp; Lat. Pros.)</i> <def>A verse of six feet,
the first four of which may be either dactyls or spondees, the fifth
must regularly be a dactyl, and the sixth always a spondee. In this
species of verse are composed the Iliad of Homer and the &AElig;neid
of Virgil. In English hexameters accent takes the place of
quantity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leaped like the | roe when he | hears in the |
woodland the | voice of the | huntsman.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Strongly it | bears us a- | long on | swelling and |
limitless | billows,<BR>
Nothing be- | fore and | nothing be- | hind but the | sky and the |
ocean.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hex*am"e*ter</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having six
metrical feet, especially dactyls and spondees.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hex`a*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Hex`a*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of six metrical feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*am"e*trist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
writes in hexameters.</def> "The Christian <i>hexametrists</i>."
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hex*an"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"e`x</grk> six + &?;, &?;, a man, male: cf. F.
<i>hexandrie</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of plants
having six stamens.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hex*an"dri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Hex-an"drous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>hexandre</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having six stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"e`x</grk>
six.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of five hydrocarbons,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>14</sub>, of the paraffin series. They are
colorless, volatile liquids, and are so called because the molecule
has <i>six</i> carbon atoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*an"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hex-</i> +
<i>angular</i>.  Cf. <u>Sexangular</u>.] <def>Having six angles or
corners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex`a*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hexa-</i>
+ <i>petal</i>: cf. F. <i>hexap&eacute;tale</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having six petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*aph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hexa-</i> +
Gr. &?; a leaf: cf. F. <i>hexaphylle</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
six leaves or leaflets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hex"a*pla</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Etym.
<pos><i>pl.</i></pos>, but syntactically <pos><i>sing.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, contr. &?;, sixfold.] <def>A collection
of the Holy Scriptures in six languages or six versions in parallel
columns; particularly, the edition of the Old Testament published by
Origen, in the 3d century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex"a*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
sixfooted; <grk>"e`x</grk> six + &?;, &?;, foot: cf. F.
<i>hexapode</i>.] <def>Having six feet.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal having six feet; one of the
Hexapoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hex*ap"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"e`x</grk> six + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
true, or six-legged, insects; insects other than myriapods and
arachnids.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Hexapoda have the head, thorax, and abdomen
differentiated, and are mostly winged. They have three pairs of mouth
organs, viz., mandibles, maxill&aelig;, and the second maxill&aelig;
or labial palpi; three pairs of thoracic legs; and abdominal legs,
which are present only in some of the lowest forms, and in the larval
state of some of the higher ones. Many (the Metabola) undergo a
complete metamorphosis, having larv&aelig; (known as maggots, grubs,
caterpillars) very unlike the adult, and pass through a quiescent
pupa state in which no food is taken; others (the Hemimetabola) have
larv&aelig; much like the adult, expert in lacking wings, and an
active pupa, in which rudimentary wings appear. See <u>Insecta</u>.
   The Hexapoda are divided into several orders.</p>

<p><hw>Hex*ap"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having six feet; belonging to the
Hexapoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*ap"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hexa-</i> +
Gr. &?; wing.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having six processes.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hex"a*stich</hw> (?), <hw>||Hex*as"ti*chon</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>hexastichus</i> of six rows, lines, or
verses, Gr. &?;; <grk>"e`x</grk> six + <grk>sti`chos</grk> row, line,
verse.] <def>A poem consisting of six verses or lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex"a*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; with six
columns; <grk>"e`x</grk> six +  column: cf. F. <i>hexastyle</i>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having six columns in front; -- said of a portico
or temple.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hexastyle portico or
temple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex"a*teuch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hexa-</i> +
&?; a tool, a book.] <def>The first six books of the Old
Testament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex`a*tom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hex-</i> +
<i>atomic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having six
atoms in the molecule.</def> [R.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having six
replaceable radicals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*av"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hexa-</i> +
L. <i>valens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> See
<u>Valence</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having a valence of six; -- said
of hexads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex"de*cyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hex-</i> +
<i>decyl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The essential radical,
C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>33</sub>, of hecdecane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex`de*cyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, hexdecyl or hecdecane; as,
<i>hexdecylic</i> alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*ei"ko*sane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hex-</i> +
<i>eikosane</i>.] <i>(chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon,
C<sub>26</sub>H<sub>54</sub>, resembling paraffine; -- so called
because each molecule has <i>twenty-six</i> atoms of carbon.</def>
[Written also <i>hexacosane</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hex"ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"e`x</grk>
six.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Hexylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex`i*col"ogy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; state or
habit + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats of the complex
relations of living creatures to other organisms, and to their
surrounding conditions generally.</def>
  <i>St. George Mivart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hex"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"e`x</grk>
six.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>10</sub>,
of the acetylene series, obtained artificially as a colorless,
volatile, pungent liquid; -- called also <i>hexoylene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*oc`ta*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hex-</i>
+ <i>octahedron</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid having forty-eight
equal triangular faces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*o"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, hexane; as, <i>hexoic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex"one</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hex-</i> + <i>-
one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>8</sub>, of the valylene series, obtained from
distillation products of certain fats and gums.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hex-</i> + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(chem.)</i> <def>A compound radical,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>13</sub>, regarded as the essential residue of
<i>hexane</i>, and a related series of compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex"yl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hex-</i> + <i>-
yl</i> + ethl<i>ene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, liquid
hydrocarbon, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>, of the ethylene series,
produced artificially, and found as a natural product of distillation
of certain coals; also, any one several isomers of hexylene proper.
Called also <i>hexene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hex*yl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, hexyl or hexane; as,
<i>hexylic</i> alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>High</u>.]
<def>High.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hey</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hei</i>; cf.
D. &amp; G. <i>hei</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An exclamation of joy,
surprise, or encouragement.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cry to set dogs on.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hey"day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>heida</i>, or <i>hei da</i>, D. <i>hei daar</i>.  Cf. <u>Hey</u>,
and <u>There</u>.] <def>An expression of frolic and exultation, and
sometimes of wonder.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hey"day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. for. <i>high
day</i>. See <i>High</i>, and <u>Day</u>.] <def>The time of triumph
and exultation; hence, joy, high spirits, frolicsomeness;
wildness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>heyday</i> in the blood is tame.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>heyday</i> of their victories.</blockquote>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hey"de*guy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. fr. <i>heyday
+ guise</i>.] <def>A kind of country-dance or round.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heyh</hw>, <hw>Heygh</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>High.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heyne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>he&aacute;n</i>
low, mean.] <def>A wretch; a rascal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hey"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>h&?;&?;an</i>.] <def>Hence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hiatus</u>.]
<def>Act of gaping.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi*a"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Hiatus</b></plw>, E. <plw><b>Hiatuses</b></plw> (#). [L., fr.
<i>hiare</i>, <i>hiatum</i>, to gape; akin to E. <i>yawn</i>. See
<u>Yawn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opening; an aperture; a gap;
a chasm; esp., a defect in a manuscript, where some part is lost or
effaced; a space where something is wanting; a break.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The concurrence of two
vowels in two successive words or syllables.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi*ber"na*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hibernaculum</i> a winter residence, pl. <i>hibernacula</i> winter
quarters: cf. F. <i>hibernacle</i>. See <u>Hibernate</u>.] <def>That
which serves for protection or shelter in winter; winter quarters;
as, the <i>hibernacle</i> of an animal or a plant.</def>
<i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hi`ber*nac"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hibernacle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A winter
bud, in which the rudimentary foliage or flower, as of most trees and
shrubs in the temperate zone, is protected by closely overlapping
scales.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A little case in which
certain insects pass the winter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Winter home or abiding place.</def>  <i>J.
Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi*ber"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hibernalis</i>, from the root of <i>hiems</i> winter; akin to Gr.
&?; snow, Skr. <i>hima</i> cold, winter, snow: cf. F.
<i>hibernal</i>.] <def>Belonging or relating to winter; wintry;
winterish.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi"ber*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hibernated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hibernating</u> (?).] [L. <i>hibernare</i>,
<i>hibernatum</i>, fr. <i>hibernus</i> wintry. See <u>Hibernal</u>.]
<def>To winter; to pass the season of winter in close quarters, in a
torpid or lethargic state, as certain mammals, reptiles, and
insects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inclination would lead me to <i>hibernate</i>, during
half the year, in this uncomfortable climate of Great
Britain.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi`ber*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hibernation</i>.] <def>The act or state of hibernating.</def>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi*ber"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Hibernia</i>, Ireland.] <def>Of or pertaining to Hibernia, now
Ireland; Irish.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or an
inhabitant of Ireland.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hi*ber"ni*cism</hw> (?), <hw>Hi*ber"ni*an*ism</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An idiom or mode of speech peculiar to the
Irish.</def>  <i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi*ber"no-Celt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
native language of the Irish; that branch of the Celtic languages
spoken by the natives of Ireland. Also <i>adj</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi*bis"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., marsh mallow;
cf. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants (herbs, shrubs, or
trees), some species of which have large, showy flowers. Some species
are cultivated in India for their fiber, which is used as a
substitute for hemp. See <u>Althea</u>, <u>Hollyhock</u>, and
<u>Manoe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hic"ci*us doc"ti*us</hw> (?). [Corrupted fr. L. <i>hic est
doctus</i> this is a learned man.] <def>A juggler.</def> [Cant]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><! p. 692 !></p>

<p><hw>Hic"cough</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>hickup</i>, <i>hicket</i>, <i>hickock</i>; prob. of imitative
origin; cf. D. &amp; Dan. <i>hik</i>, Sw. <i>hicka</i>, Armor.
<i>hak</i>, <i>hik</i>, W. <i>ig</i>, F. <i>hoquet</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A modified respiratory movement; a spasmodic
inspiration, consisting of a sudden contraction of the diaphragm,
accompanied with closure of the glottis, so that further entrance of
air is prevented, while the impulse of the column of air entering and
striking upon the closed glottis produces a sound, or hiccough.</def>
[Written also <i>hickup</i> or hiccup.]</p>

<p><hw>Hic"cough</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hiccoughed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hiccoughing</u>.] <def>To have a hiccough or hiccoughs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hick"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [North American
Indian <i>pawcohiccora</i> (Capt. J. Smith) a kind of milk or oily
liquor pressed from pounded hickory nuts. "<i>Pohickory</i>" is named
in a list of Virginia trees, in 1653, and this was finally shortened
to "hickory." <i>J. H. Trumbull.</i>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American
tree of the genus <i>Carya</i>, of which there are several species.
The shagbark is the <i>C. alba</i>, and has a very rough bark; it
affords the hickory nut of the markets.  The pignut, or brown
hickory, is the <i>C. glabra</i>. The swamp hickory is <i>C.
amara</i>, having a nut whose shell is very thin and the kernel
bitter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hickory shad</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The mattowacca, or fall herring.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The gizzard shad.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hicks"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member or
follower of the "liberal" party, headed by Elias <i>Hicks</i>, which,
because of a change of views respecting the divinity of Christ and
the Atonement, seceded from the conservative portion of the Society
of Friends in the United States, in 1827.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hick"up</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hiccough</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hick"wall`</hw> (?), <hw>Hick"way`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., also <i>hyghwhele</i>, <i>highawe</i>.]
<def>The lesser spotted woodpecker (<i>Dendrocopus minor</i>) of
Europe.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Hid</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Hide</u>. See <u>Hidden</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hid"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>hide</i> a
quantity of land.] <i>(O. Eng. Law.)</i> <def>A tax formerly paid to
the kings of England for every hide of land.</def> [Written also
<i>hydage</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hi*dal"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., contr. fr.
<i>hijo de algo</i>, <i>i. e.</i>, son of something; <i>hijo</i> son
(fr. LL. <i>filius</i>) + <i>algo</i> something, fr. L.
<i>aliquod</i>.  Cf. <u>Fidalgo</u>.] <def>A title, denoting a
Spanish nobleman of the lower class.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hid"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>from
<u>Hide</u>. Concealed; put out of view; secret; not known;
mysterious.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hidden fifths</b></col> or <col><b>octaves</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>consecutive fifths or octaves, not sounded, but
suggested or implied in the parallel motion of two parts towards a
fifth or an octave.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Hidden</u>, <u>Secret</u>, <u>Covert</u>.
<i>Hidden</i> may denote either known to on one; as, a <i>hidden</i>
disease; or intentionally concealed; as, a <i>hidden</i> purpose of
revenge. <i>Secret</i> denotes that the thing is known only to the
party or parties concerned; as, a <i>secret</i> conspiracy.
<i>Covert</i> literally denotes what is not <i>open</i> or avowed;
as, a <i>covert</i> plan; but is often applied to what we mean shall
be understood, without openly expressing it; as, a <i>covert</i>
allusion. <i>Secret</i> is opposed to <i>known</i>, and <i>hidden</i>
to <i>revealed</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Bring to light the <i>hidden</i> things of
darkness.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. iv. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My heart, which by a <i>secret</i> harmony<BR>
Still moves with thine, joined in connection sweet.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By what best way,<BR>
Whether of open war, or <i>covert</i> guile,<BR>
We now debate.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hid"den*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After W. E.
<i>Hidden</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An emerald-green variety of
spodumene found in North Carolina; lithia emerald, -- used as a
gem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hid"den*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a hidden
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hide</hw> (h&imacr;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Hid</u> (h&ibreve;d); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hidden</u> (h&ibreve;d"d'n), <u>Hid</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Hiding</u> (h&imacr;d"&ibreve;ng).] [OE.
<i>hiden</i>, <i>huden</i>, AS. <i>h&ymacr;dan</i>; akin to Gr.
<grk>key`qein</grk>, and prob. to E. <i>house</i>, <i>hut</i>, and
perh. to E. <i>hide</i> of an animal, and to <i>hoard</i>.  Cf.
<u>Hoard</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To conceal, or withdraw from
sight; to put out of view; to secrete.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A city that is set on an hill can not be
<i>hid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If circumstances lead me, I will find<BR>
Where truth is <i>hid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withhold from knowledge; to keep
secret; to refrain from avowing or confessing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven from all creatures <i>hides</i> the book of
fate.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remove from danger; to
shelter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the time of trouble he shall <i>hide</i> me in his
pavilion.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxvi. 5.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hide one's self</b></col>, <cd>to put one's self in a
condition to be safe; to secure protection.</cd> "A prudent man
foreseeth the evil, and <i>hideth himself</i>." <i>Prov. xxii. 3.</i>
-- <col><b>To hide the face</b></col>, <cd>to withdraw favor.</cd>
"Thou didst <i>hide thy face</i>, and I was troubled." <i>Ps. xxx.
7.</i> -- <col><b>To hide the face from</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To overlook; to pardon.</cd> "<i>Hide thy
face from</i> my sins." <i>Ps. li. 9.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
withdraw favor from; to be displeased with.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conceal; secrete; disguise; dissemble; screen;
cloak; mask; veil. See <u>Conceal</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hide</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lie concealed; to
keep one's self out of view; to be withdrawn from sight or
observation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bred to disguise, in public 'tis you
<i>hide</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hide and seek</b></col>, <cd>a play of children, in which
some hide themselves, and others seek them.</cd>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hide</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>h&imacr;d</i>, earlier
<i>h&imacr;ged</i>; prob. orig., land enough to support a family; cf.
AS. <i>h&imacr;wan</i>, <i>h&imacr;gan</i>, members of a household,
and E. <i>hind</i> a peasant.] <i>(O. Eng. Law.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An abode or dwelling.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A measure of land, common in Domesday Book
and old English charters, the quantity of which is not well
ascertained, but has been differently estimated at 80, 100, and 120
acres.</def> [Written also <i>hyde</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hide</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hide</i>, <i>hude</i>,
AS. <i>h&ymacr;d</i>; akin to D. <i>huid</i>, OHG. <i>h&umacr;t</i>,
G. <i>haut</i>, Icel. <i>h&umacr;&eth;</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>hud</i>, L.
<i>cutis</i>, Gr. <grk>ky`tos</grk>; and cf. Gr. <grk>sky`tos</grk>
skin, hide, L. <i>scutum</i> shield, and E. <i>sky</i>. &radic;13.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The skin of an animal, either raw or dressed;
-- generally applied to the undressed skins of the larger domestic
animals, as oxen, horses, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The human skin; -- so called in
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O tiger's heart, wrapped in a woman's
<i>hide</i>!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hide</hw> (h&imacr;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hiding</u>.] <def>To flog; to whip.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Low, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hide"bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the skin adhering so closely to the ribs and back as not
to be easily loosened or raised; -- said of an animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>Having the bark so close
and constricting that it impedes the growth; -- said of trees.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Untractable; bigoted; obstinately and
blindly or stupidly conservative.</def>  <i>Milton. Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Niggardly; penurious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hid"e*ous</hw> (h&ibreve;d"&esl;*&ubreve;s; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hidous</i>, OF. <i>hidous</i>,
<i>hidos</i>, <i>hidus</i>, <i>hisdos</i>, <i>hisdous</i>, F.
<i>hideux</i>: cf. OF. <i>hide</i>, <i>hisde</i>, fright; of
uncertain origin; cf. OHG. <i>egid&imacr;</i> horror, or L.
<i>hispidosus</i>, for <i>hispidus</i> rough, bristly, E.
<i>hispid</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Frightful, shocking, or
offensive to the eyes; dreadful to behold; as, a <i>hideous</i>
monster; <i>hideous</i> looks.</def> "A piteous and <i>hideous</i>
spectacle."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Distressing or offensive to the ear;
exciting terror or dismay; as, a <i>hideous</i> noise.</def>
"<i>Hideous</i> cries."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hateful; shocking.</def> "Sure, you have
some <i>hideous</i> matter to deliver."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Frightful; ghastly; grim; grisly; horrid; dreadful;
terrible.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Hid"e*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Hid"e*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who hides or
conceals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hid"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of hiding or
concealing, or of withholding from view or knowledge;
concealment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was the <i>hiding</i> of his power.</blockquote>
<i>Hab. iii. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hid"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flogging.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Charles Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hie</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hying</u>.] [OE. <i>hien</i>, <i>hihen</i>, <i>highen</i>, AS.
<i>higian</i> to hasten, strive; cf. L. <i>ciere</i> to put in
motion, call upon, rouse, Gr. &?; to go, E. <i>cite</i>.] <def>To
hasten; to go in haste; -- also often with the reciprocal
pronoun.</def> [Rare, except in poetry] "My husband <i>hies</i> him
home."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The youth, returning to his mistress,
<i>hies</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hie</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Haste; diligence.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi"ems</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Winter.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hi"e*ra*pi"cra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; sacred + &?; bitter.] <i>(med.)</i> <def>A warming cathartic
medicine, made of aloes and canella bark.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi"er*arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>hierarcha</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred (akin to Skr.
<i>ishiras</i> vigorous, fresh, blooming) + &?; leader, ruler, fr.
&?; to lead, rule: cf. F. <i>hi&eacute;rarque</i>.] <def>One who has
high and controlling authority in sacred things; the chief of a
sacred order; as, princely <i>hierarchs</i>.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hi"er*arch`al</hw> (?), <hw>Hi`er*arch"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a hierarch.</def> "The great
<i>hierarchal</i> standard."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*arch"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hi&eacute;rarchique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to a hierarchy.</def> --
<wf>Hi`er*arch`ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
</p>

<p><hw>Hi"er*arch`ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles or authority of a hierarchy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The more dominant <i>hierarchism</i> of the
West.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi"er*arch`y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Hierarchies</b></plw> (-&ibreve;z). [Gr.
<grk>'ierarchi`a</grk>: cf. F. <i>hi&eacute;rarchie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dominion or authority in sacred
things.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body of officials disposed organically
in ranks and orders each subordinate to the one above it; a body of
ecclesiastical rulers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A form of government administered in the
church by patriarchs, metropolitans, archbishops, bishops, and, in an
inferior degree, by priests.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A rank or order of holy beings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Standards and gonfalons . . . for distinction
serve<BR>
Of <i>hierarchies</i>, of orders, and degrees.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hieraticus</i>, Gr. &?;; akin to <grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred: cf. F.
<i>hi&eacute;ratique</i>.] <def>Consecrated to sacred uses;
sacerdotal; pertaining to priests.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hieratic character</b></col>, <cd>a mode of ancient
Egyptian writing; a modified form of hieroglyphics, tending toward a
cursive hand and formerly supposed to be the sacerdotal character, as
the <i>demotic</i> was supposed to be that of the people.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>It was a false notion of the Greeks that of the three
kinds of writing used by the Egyptians, two -- for that reason called
hieroglyphic and <i>hieratic</i> -- were employed only for sacred,
while the third, the demotic, was employed for secular, purposes. No
such distinction is discoverable on the more ancient Egyptian
monuments; bur we retain the old names founded on
misapprehension.</blockquote> <i>W. H. Ward (Johnson's Cyc.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*oc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred + &?; to be strong, rule.] <def>Government
by ecclesiastics; a hierarchy.</def>  <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hi"er*o*glyph</hw> (?), <hw>Hi`er*o*glyph"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>hi&eacute;roglyphe</i>. See
<u>Hieroglyphic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sacred character; a character in picture
writing, as of the ancient Egyptians, Mexicans, etc. Specifically, in
the plural, the picture writing of the ancient Egyptian priests. It
is made up of three, or, as some say, four classes of characters:
first, the <i>hieroglyphic</i> proper, or figurative, in which the
representation of the object conveys the idea of the object itself;
second, the <i>ideographic</i>, consisting of symbols representing
ideas, not sounds, as an ostrich feather is a symbol of truth; third,
the <i>phonetic</i>, consisting of symbols employed as syllables of a
word, or as letters of the alphabet, having a certain sound, as a
hawk represented the vowel <i>a.</i></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any character or figure which has, or is
supposed to have, a hidden or mysterious significance; hence, any
unintelligible or illegible character or mark.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Hi`er*o*glyph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hi`er*o*glyph"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hieroglyphicus</i>, Gr. &?;;
<grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred + <grk>gly`fein</grk> to carve: cf. F.
<i>hi&eacute;roglyphique</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Emblematic; expressive of some meaning by
characters, pictures, or figures; as, <i>hieroglyphic</i> writing; a
<i>hieroglyphic</i> obelisk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pages no better than blanks to common minds, to his,
hieroglyphical of wisest secrets.</blockquote> <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling hieroglyphics; not
decipherable.</def> "An <i>hieroglyphical</i> scrawl."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*o*glyph`ic*ally</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
hieroglyphics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*og"ly*phist</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in hieroglyphics.</def>  <i>Gliddon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi"er*o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred + <i>-gram</i>.] <def>A form of sacred or
hieratic writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*o*gram"mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hi&eacute;rogrammatique</i>.] <def>Written in, or pertaining to,
hierograms; expressive of sacred writing.</def>  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*o*gram"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hi&eacute;rogrammatiste</i>.] <def>A writer of hierograms; also,
one skilled in hieroglyphics.</def>  <i>Greenhill.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hi`er*o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hi`er*o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hierographicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>hi&eacute;rographique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to sacred
writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred + <grk>gra`fein</grk> to write: cf. F.
<i>hi&eacute;rographie</i>.] <def>Sacred writing.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*ol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred + &?; worship, &?; to worship.] <def>The
worship of saints or sacred things.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hi`er*o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hi`er*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>hi&eacute;rologique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to hierology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in, or whostudies, hierology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred + &?; discourse: cf. F.
<i>hi&eacute;rologie</i>.] <def>A treatise on sacred things;
especially, the science which treats of the ancient writings and
inscriptions of the Egyptians, or a treatise on that
science.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi"er*o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred + &?; divination: cf. F.
<i>hi&eacute;romantie</i>.] <def>Divination by observing the objects
offered in sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi"er*o*mar`tyr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred + E. <i>martyr</i>.] <def>A priest who
becomes a martyr.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hi`e*rom*ne"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?;; <grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred + &?; mindful, fr. &?; to think
on, remember.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sacred
secretary or recorder sent by each state belonging to the
Amphictyonic Council, along with the deputy or minister.</def>
<i>Liddel &amp; Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A magistrate who had charge of religious
matters, as at Byzantium.</def>  <i>Liddel &amp; Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hi"er*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"iero`n</grk>.] <def>A consecrated place; esp., a
temple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*on"y*mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From St.
<i>Hieronymus</i>, or Jerome.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>See
<u>Jeronymite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi*er"o*phant</hw> (h&isl;*&ebreve;r"&osl;*f<i>a</i>nt
<i>or</i> h&imacr;"&etilde;r; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hierophanta</i>, <i>hierophantes</i>, Gr. <grk>"ierofa`nths</grk>;
<grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred + <grk>fai`nein</grk> to show, make known:
cf. F. <i>hi&eacute;rophante</i>.] <def>The presiding priest who
initiated candidates at the Eleusinian mysteries; hence, one who
teaches the mysteries and duties of religion.</def>  <i>Abp
Potter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*o*phan"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Of or relating to hierophants or their teachings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi`er*os"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
divination; <grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred + &?; to view.] <def>Divination
by inspection of entrails of victims offered in sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hi`er*o*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-c&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred + &?; chest.] <def>A receptacle for sacred
objects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi"er*our`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>"iero`s</grk> sacred + &?; work.] <def>A sacred or holy work or
worship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi`fa*lu"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Highfaluting</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Higgled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Higgling</u> (?).] [Cf. <u>Haggle</u>, or <u>Huckster</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hawk or peddle provisions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To chaffer; to stickle for small
advantages in buying and selling; to haggle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A person accustomed to <i>higgle</i> about
taps.</blockquote> <i>Jeffry.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To truck and <i>higgle</i> for a private
good.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hig`gle*dy-pig"gle*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
confusion; topsy-turvy.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hig"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
higgles.</def></p>

<p><hw>High</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Hie</u>.]
<def>To hie.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Men must <i>high</i> them apace, and make
haste.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>High</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Higher</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Highest</u>.] [OE.
<i>high</i>, <i>hegh</i>, <i>hey</i>, <i>heh</i>, AS.
<i>he&aacute;h</i>, <i>h&?;h</i>; akin to OS. <i>h&?;h</i>, OFries.
<i>hag</i>, <i>hach</i>, D. <i>hoog</i>, OHG. <i>h&?;h</i>, G.
<i>hoch</i>, Icel. <i>h&?;r</i>, Sw. <i>h&ouml;g</i>, Dan.
<i>h&ouml;i</i>, Goth. <i>hauhs</i>, and to Icel. <i>haugr</i> mound,
G. <i>h&uuml;gel</i> hill, Lith. <i>kaukaras</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Elevated above any starting point of measurement, as a line, or
surface; having altitude; lifted up; raised or extended in the
direction of the zenith; lofty; tall; as, a <i>high</i> mountain,
tower, tree; the sun is <i>high</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Regarded as raised up or elevated;
distinguished; remarkable; conspicuous; superior; -- used
indefinitely or relatively, and often in figurative senses, which are
understood from the connection</def>; as --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Elevated in character or quality, whether
moral or intellectual; pre&euml;minent; honorable; as, <i>high</i>
aims, or motives.</def> "The <i>highest</i> faculty of the soul."
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Exalted in social standing or general
estimation, or in rank, reputation, office, and the like; dignified;
as, she was welcomed in the <i>highest</i> circles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a wight of <i>high</i> renown.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Of noble birth; illustrious; as, of
<i>high</i> family.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Of great strength, force, importance, and
the like; strong; mighty; powerful; violent; sometimes, triumphant;
victorious; majestic, etc.; as, a <i>high</i> wind; <i>high</i>
passions.</def> "With rather a <i>high</i> manner."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Strong is thy hand, and <i>high</i> is thy right
hand.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxxix. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can heavenly minds such <i>high</i> resentment
show?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 693 !></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Very abstract; difficult to comprehend or
surmount; grand; noble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both meet to hear and answer such <i>high</i>
things.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Plain living and <i>high</i> thinking are no
more.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Costly; dear in price; extravagant; as,
to hold goods at a <i>high</i> price.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If they must be good at so <i>high</i> a rate, they
know they may be safe at a cheaper.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>Arrogant; lofty; boastful; proud;
ostentatious; -- used in a bad sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>high</i> look and a proud heart . . . is
sin.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxi. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His forces, after all the <i>high</i> discourses,
amounted really but to eighteen hundred foot.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Possessing a characteristic quality in a
supreme or superior degree; as, <i>high</i> (<i>i. e</i>., intense)
heat; <i>high</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, full or quite) noon; <i>high</i>
(<i>i. e.</i>, rich or spicy) seasoning; <i>high</i> (<i>i. e.</i>,
complete) pleasure; <i>high</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, deep or vivid) color;
<i>high</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, extensive, thorough) scholarship,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>High</i> time it is this war now ended
were.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>High</i> sauces and spices are fetched from the
Indies.</blockquote> <i>Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Strong-scented; slightly
tainted; as, epicures do not cook game before it is
<i>high</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Acute or sharp; -- opposed
to <i>grave</i> or <i>low</i>; as, a <i>high</i> note.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Made with a high position
of some part of the tongue in relation to the palate, as &emacr;
(&emacr;ve), &oomac; (f&oomac;d). See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>,
&sect;&sect; 10, 11.</def></p>

<p><col><b>High admiral</b></col>, <cd>the chief admiral.</cd> --
<col><b>High altar</b></col>, <cd>the principal altar in a
church.</cd> -- <col><b>High and dry</b></col>, <cd>out of water; out
of reach of the current or tide; -- said of a vessel, aground or
beached.</cd> -- <col><b>High and mighty</b></col> <cd>arrogant;
overbearing.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>High art</b></col>, <cd>art
which deals with lofty and dignified subjects and is characterized by
an elevated style avoiding all meretricious display.</cd> --
<col><b>High bailiff</b></col>, <cd>the chief bailiff.</cd> --
<col><b>High Church</b></col>, &and; <col><b>Low Church</b></col>,
<cd>two ecclesiastical parties in the Church of England and the
Protestant Episcopal Church. The high-churchmen emphasize the
doctrine of the apostolic succession, and hold, in general, to a
sacramental presence in the Eucharist, to baptismal regeneration, and
to the sole validity of Episcopal ordination. They attach much
importance to ceremonies and symbols in worship. Low-churchmen lay
less stress on these points, and, in many instances, reject
altogether the peculiar tenets of the high-church school. See
<u>Broad Church</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>High constable</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a chief of constabulary. See <u>Constable</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>High commission
court</b></col>,<cd>a court of ecclesiastical jurisdiction in England
erected and united to the regal power by Queen Elizabeth in 1559. On
account of the abuse of its powers it was abolished in 1641.</cd> --
<col><b>High day</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>a holy or feast
day.</cd> <i>John xix. 31.</i> -- <col><b>High festival</b></col>
<i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>a festival to be observed with full
ceremonial.</cd> -- <col><b>High German</b></col>, or <col><b>High
Dutch</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>German</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>High
jinks</b></col>, <cd>an old Scottish pastime; hence, noisy revelry;
wild sport.</cd> [Colloq.] "All the <i>high jinks</i> of the county,
when the lad comes of age."  <i>F. Harrison.</i> -- <col><b>High
latitude</b></col> <i>(Geog.)</i>, <cd>one designated by the higher
figures; consequently, a latitude remote from the equator.</cd> --
<col><b>High life</b></col>, <cd>life among the aristocracy or the
rich.</cd> -- <col><b>High liver</b></col>, <cd>one who indulges in a
rich diet.</cd> -- <col><b>High living</b></col>, <cd>a feeding upon
rich, pampering food.</cd> -- <col><b>High Mass</b></col>. <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Mass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>High
milling</b></col>, <cd>a process of making flour from grain by
several successive grindings and intermediate sorting, instead of by
a single grinding.</cd> -- <col><b>High noon</b></col>, <cd>the time
when the sun is in the meridian.</cd> -- <col><b>High place</b></col>
<i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>an eminence or mound on which sacrifices were
offered.</cd> -- <col><b>High priest</b></col>. <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>High relief</b></col>. <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<cd>See <u>Alto-rilievo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>High school</b></col>.
See under <u>School</u>. <col><b>High seas</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>the open sea; the part of the ocean not in the territorial waters
of any particular sovereignty, usually distant three miles or more
from the coast line.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i> -- <col><b>High
steam</b></col>, <cd>steam having a high pressure.</cd> --
<col><b>High steward</b></col>, <cd>the chief steward.</cd> --
<col><b>High tea</b></col>, <cd>tea with meats and extra
relishes.</cd> -- <col><b>High tide</b></col>, <cd>the greatest flow
of the tide; high water.</cd> -- <col><b>High time</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Quite time; full time for the occasion.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A time of great excitement or enjoyment; a
carousal.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>High treason</b></col>, <cd>treason
against the sovereign or the state, the highest civil offense. See
<u>Treason</u>.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; It is now sufficient to speak of high treason as treason
simply, seeing that petty treason, as a distinct offense, has been
abolished.  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>High water</b></col>, <cd>the utmost flow or greatest
elevation of the tide; also, the time of such elevation.</cd> --
<col><b>High-water mark</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>That line
of the seashore to which the waters ordinarily reach at high
water.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A mark showing the highest level
reached by water in a river or other body of fresh water, as in time
of freshet.</cd> -- <col><b>High-water shrub</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a composite shrub (<i>Iva frutescens</i>), growing in salt
marshes along the Atlantic coast of the United States.</cd> --
<col><b>High wine</b></col>, <cd>distilled spirits containing a high
percentage of alcohol; -- usually in the plural.</cd> -- <col><b>To
be on a high horse</b></col>, <cd>to be on one's dignity; to bear
one's self loftily.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>With a high
hand</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>With power; in force;
triumphantly.</cd> "The children of Israel went out <i>with a high
hand</i>." <i>Ex. xiv. 8.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In an
overbearing manner, arbitrarily.</cd> "They governed the city <i>with
a high hand</i>." <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tall; lofty; elevated; noble; exalted;
supercilious; proud; violent; full; dear. See <u>Tall</u>.</p>

<p><hw>High</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a high manner;
in a high place; to a great altitude; to a great degree; largely; in
a superior manner; eminently; powerfully.</def> "And reasoned
<i>high</i>." <i>Milton.</i> "I can not reach so <i>high</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>High</i> is extensively used in the formation of
compound words, most of which are of very obvious signification; as,
<i>high</i>-aimed, <i>high</i>-arched, <i>high</i>-aspiring,
<i>high</i>-bearing, <i>high</i>-boasting, <i>high</i>-browed,
<i>high</i>-crested, <i>high</i>-crowned, <i>high</i>-designing,
<i>high</i>-engendered, <i>high</i>-feeding, <i>high</i>-flaming,
<i>high</i>-flavored, <i>high</i>-gazing, <i>high</i>-heaped,
<i>high</i>-heeled, <i>high</i>-priced, <i>high</i>-reared,
<i>high</i>-resolved, <i>high</i>-rigged, <i>high</i>-seated,
<i>high</i>-shouldered, <i>high</i>-soaring, <i>high</i>-towering,
<i>high</i>-voiced, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>High and low</b></col>, <cd>everywhere; in all supposable
places; as, I hunted <i>high and low</i>.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>High</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
elevated place; a superior region; a height; the sky;
heaven.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>People of rank or high station; as,
<i>high</i> and low.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>The highest card
dealt or drawn.</def></p>

<p><col><b>High, low, jack, and the game</b></col>, <cd>a game at
cards; -- also called <i>all fours</i>, <i>old sledge</i>, and
<i>seven up</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>In high and low</b></col>,
<cd>utterly; completely; in every respect.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i>  -- <col><b>On high</b></col>, <cd>aloft;
above.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The dayspring from <i>on high</i> hath visited
us.</blockquote> <i>Luke i. 78.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>The Most High</b></col>, <cd>the Supreme Being;
God.</cd></p>

<p><hw>High</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rise; as, the
sun <i>higheth</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>High"bind`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ruffian;
one who hounds, or spies upon, another; app. esp. to the members of
certain alleged societies among the Chinese.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>High"-blown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inflated, as
with conceit.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of noble
birth.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-bred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bred in high
life; of pure blood.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-built`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of lofty
structure; tall.</def> "<i>High-built</i> organs."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>high-built</i> elephant his castle
rears.</blockquote> <i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-church`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to, or favoring, the party called the High Church, or
their doctrines or policy. See <i>High Church</i>, under <u>High</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>High"-church`ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles of the high-church party.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-church`man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-men</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who holds high-church
principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-church`man-ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being a high-churchman.</def>  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-col`ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a strong, deep, or glaring color;
flushed.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vivid; strong or forcible in
representation; hence, exaggerated; as, <i>high-colored</i>
description.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-em*bowed `</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
lofty arches.</def> "The <i>high-embowed</i> roof."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rising higher;
ascending.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In ever <i>highering</i> eagle circles.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>High`fa*lu"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. a
corruption of <i>highflighting</i>.] <def>High-flown, bombastic
language.</def> [Written also <i>hifalutin</i>.] [Jocular, U. S.]
<i>Lowell.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>High"-fed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pampered; fed
luxuriously.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-fin`ished</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Finished
with great care; polished.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"fli`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
extravagant in pretensions, opinions, or manners.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-flown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Elevated; proud.</def> "<i>High-flown</i> hopes."
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Turgid; extravagant; bombastic; inflated;
as, <i>high-flown</i> language.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-flushed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Elated.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"fly`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Extravagant
in opinions or ambition.</def> "<i>Highflying</i>, arbitrary kings."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-go`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spree; a
revel.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>High"-hand`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overbearing;
oppressive; arbitrary; violent; as, a <i>high-handed</i>
act.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
courage or nobleness; high-souled.</def> -- <wf>High"-
heart`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>High"-hoe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European green woodpecker or yaffle.</def> [Written also
<i>high-hoo</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>High"-hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The flicker; -- called also <i>high-
hole</i>.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>High"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Elevated or
mountainous land; (often in the <i>pl.</i>) an elevated region or
country; as, the <i>Highlands</i> of Scotland.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Highland fling</b></col>, <cd>a dance peculiar to the
Scottish Highlanders; a sort of hornpipe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>High"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant
of highlands, especially of the <i>Highlands</i> of
Scotland.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"land*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Highlanders,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-low`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A laced boot,
ankle high.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a high manner, or
to a high degree; very much; as, <i>highly</i> esteemed.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Loaded dice
so contrived as to turn up high numbers.</def> [Obs]  <i>Sir J.
Harrington.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-met`tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
abundance of mettle; ardent; full of fire; as, a <i>high-mettled</i>
steed.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-mind"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Proud; arrogant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Be not <i>high-minded</i>, but fear.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. xi. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having, or characterized by, honorable
pride; of or pertaining to elevated principles and feelings;
magnanimous; -- opposed to <i>mean</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>High-minded</i>, manly recognition of those
truths.</blockquote> <i>A. Norton.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-mind`ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being highminded; nobleness; magnanimity.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Highest.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>he&aacute;hnes</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being
high; elevation; loftiness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A title of honor given to kings, princes,
or other persons of rank; as, His Royal <i>Highness</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-palmed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having high antlers; bearing full-grown
antlers aloft.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-pres`sure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having or involving a pressure greatly
exceeding that of the atmosphere; -- said of steam, air, water, etc.,
and of steam, air, or hydraulic engines, water wheels, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Urgent; intense; as, a <i>high-
pressure</i> business or social life.</def></p>

<p><col><b>High-pressure engine</b></col>, <cd>an engine in which
steam at high pressure is used. It may be either a condensing or a
noncondensing engine. Formerly the term was used only of the latter.
See <u>Steam engine</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>High" priest`</hw> (?). <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A chief priest;
esp., the head of the Jewish priesthood.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-priest`hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office, dignity, or position of a high priest.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-priest`ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>High-
priesthood.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-prin`ci*pled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Possessed of noble or honorable principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Highly rectified; very strongly alcoholic; as, <i>high-proof</i>
spirits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>So as to stand any test.</def> "We are
<i>high-proof</i> melancholy."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-raised`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Elevated; raised aloft; upreared.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Elated with great ideas or hopes.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-reach`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reaching
high or upward; hence, ambitious; aspiring.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-red`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a strong red
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"road`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A highway; a
much traveled or main road.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-sea`soned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enriched
with spice and condiments; hence, exciting; piquant.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-sight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Looking
upward; supercilious.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-souled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
high or noble spirit; honorable.</def>  <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-sound`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pompous;
noisy; ostentatious; as, <i>high-sounding</i> words or
titles.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-spir`it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
spirit or natural fire; haughty; courageous; impetuous; not brooking
restraint or opposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-step`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A horse
that moves with a high step or proud gait; hence, a person having a
proud bearing.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>High"-stom`ached</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
lofty spirit; haughty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-strung`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Strung to a
high pitch; spirited; sensitive; as, a <i>high-strung</i>
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-swell`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inflated;
boastful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Height</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hight</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Hight</u>, <u>Hot</u> (&?;), <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hight</u>, <u>Hote</u> (&?;), <u>Hoten</u> (&?;). See
<u>Hote</u>.] [OE. <i>heiten</i>, <i>highten</i>, <i>haten</i>,
<i>hoten</i>; also <i>hight</i>, <i>hatte</i>, <i>hette</i>, is
called, was called, AS. <i>h&amacr;tan</i> to call, name, be called,
to command, promise; also <i>h&amacr;tte</i> is called, was called;
akin to G. <i>heissen</i> to call, be called, bid, Goth.
<i>haitan</i> to call, in the passive, to be called.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be called or named.</def> [Archaic &
Poetic.]</p>

<p>&fist; In the form <i>hight</i>, it is used in a passive sense as
a present, meaning <i>is called</i> or <i>named</i>, also as a
preterite, <i>was called</i> or <i>named</i>. This form has also been
used as a past participle. See <u>Hote</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>The great poet of Italy,<BR>
That <i>highte</i> Dante.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bright was her hue, and Geraldine she
<i>hight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Entered then into the church the Reverend Teacher.<BR>
Father he <i>hight</i>, and he was, in the parish.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Childe Harold was he <i>hight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To command; to direct; to impel.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But the sad steel seized not where it was
<i>hight</i><BR>
Upon the child, but somewhat short did fall.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To commit; to intrust.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet charge of them was to a porter
<i>hight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To promise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He had hold his day, as he had
<i>hight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hight"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
heightens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Highth</hw> (h&imacr;th or h&imacr;tth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def><i>Variant</i> of <u>Height</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>High"-toned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>High in tone or sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Elevated; high-principled;
honorable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In whose <i>high-toned</i> impartial mind<BR>
Degrees of mortal rank and state<BR>
Seem objects of indifferent weight.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"-top`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ship's
masthead.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"ty-tigh"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hoity-
toity.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A road or way
open to the use of the public; a main road or thoroughfare.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Way; road; path; course.</p>

<p><hw>High"way`man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Highwaymen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who robs on the public
road; a highway robber.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"-wrought`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wrought with fine art or skill;
elaborate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worked up, or swollen, to a high degree;
as, a <i>highwrought</i> passion.</def> "A <i>high-wrought</i>
flood."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi"gre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Eagre</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hig"-ta`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Hag-
taper</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus <i>Verbascum</i>
(<i>V. Thapsus</i>); the common mullein. [Also <i>high-taper</i> and
<i>hag-taper</i>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Hij"e*ra</hw> (?), <hw>Hij"ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Hegira</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi"lal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a hilum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Belonging to the hilum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi*la"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hilaris</i>, <i>hilarus</i>, Gr. &?;; cf. &?; gracious, kindly.]
<def>Mirthful; noisy; merry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi*lar"i*ty</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hilaritas</i>: cf. F. <i>hilarit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Hilarious</u>.] <def>Boisterous mirth; merriment; jollity.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Hilarity</i> differs from <i>joy</i>: the latter,
excited by good news or prosperity, is an affection of the mind; the
former, produced by social pleasure, drinking, etc., which rouse the
animal spirits, is more demonstrative.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Glee; cheerfulness; mirth; merriment; gayety;
joyousness; exhilaration; joviality; jollity.</p>

<p><hw>Hil"a*ry term`</hw> (?). <def>Formerly, one of the four terms
of the courts of common law in England, beginning on the eleventh of
January and ending on the thirty-first of the same month, in each
year; -- so called from the festival of St. Hilary, January
13th.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Hilary term is superseded by the Hilary sittings, which
commence on the eleventh of January and end on the Wednesday before
Easter.  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hil"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. a corruption of
<i>hindling</i>, dim. of <i>hind</i>, adj.  Cf. Prov. E.
<i>hilderling</i>, <i>hinderling</i>. See <u>Hinderling</u>.] <def>A
base, menial wretch.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Base;
spiritless.</def> [Obs.]   <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hile</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hide. See
<u>Hele</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hilum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hil</i>,
<i>hul</i>, AS. <i>hyll</i>; akin to OD. <i>hille</i>, <i>hil</i>, L.
<i>collis</i>, and prob. to E. <i>haulm</i>, <i>holm</i>, and
<i>column</i>.  Cf. 2d <u>Holm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
natural elevation of land, or a mass of earth rising above the common
level of the surrounding land; an eminence less than a
mountain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every mountain and <i>hill</i> shall be made
low.</blockquote> <i>Is. xl. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The earth raised about the roots of a
plant or cluster of plants. [U. S.] See <u>Hill</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A single cluster or group of plants
growing close together, and having the earth heaped up about them;
as, a <i>hill</i> of corn or potatoes.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Hill ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common ant
(<i>Formica rufa</i>), of Europe and America, which makes mounds or
ant-hills over its nests.</cd> -- <col><b>Hill myna</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several species of birds of India, of
the genus <i>Gracula</i>, and allied to the starlings. They are
easily taught to speak many words. [Written also <i>hill mynah</i>.]
See <u>Myna</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hill partridge</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a partridge of the genus <i>Aborophila</i>,
of which numerous species in habit Southern Asia and the East
Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Hill tit</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>one of numerous species of small Asiatic singing birds of the
family <i>Leiotrichid&aelig;</i>. Many are beautifully
colored.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 694 !></p>

<p><hw>Hill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hilling</u>.] <def>To surround with earth; to heap or draw earth
around or upon; as, to <i>hill</i> corn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Showing them how to plant and <i>hill</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hill"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being hilly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hill"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
heaping or drawing earth around plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hill"ock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
hill.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hill"side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The side or
declivity of a hill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hill"top`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The top of a
hill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hill"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with hills; uneven in surface; as, a <i>hilly</i>
country.</def> "<i>Hilly</i> steep."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lofty; as, <i>hilly</i> empire.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hilt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hilt</i>,
<i>hilte</i>; akin to OHG. <i>helza</i>, Prov. G. <i>hilze</i>, Icel.
<i>hjalt</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A handle; especially, the
handle of a sword, dagger, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hilt"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a hilt; -- used
in composition; as, basket-<i>hilted</i>, cross-
<i>hilted</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a little thing,
trifle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The eye of a bean or
other seed; the mark or scar at the point of attachment of an ovule
or seed to its base or support; -- called also <i>hile</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The part of a gland, or
similar organ, where the blood vessels and nerves enter; the hilus;
as, the <i>hilum</i> of the kidney.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hi"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Hilum</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Him</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>Them. See
<u>Hem</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Him</hw>, <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [AS. <i>him</i>, dat. of
<i>h&emacr;</i>. &radic;183.  See <u>He</u>.] <def>The objective case
of <i>he</i>. See <u>He</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Him</i> that is weak in the faith
receive.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xiv. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Friends who have given <i>him</i> the most
sympathy.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In old English <i>his</i> and <i>him</i> were respectively
the genitive and dative forms of <i>it</i> as well as of <i>he</i>.
<i>This use is now obsolete</i>. <i>Poetically</i>, <i>him</i> is
sometimes used with the reflexive sense of <i>himself</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>I never saw but Humphrey, duke of Gloster,<BR>
Did bear <i>him</i> like a noble gentleman.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hi*ma"la*yan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>him&amacr;laya</i>, prop., the abode of snow.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the Himalayas, the great mountain chain in
Hindostan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Himp"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hymn.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Him*self"</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An emphasized form of the third person masculine pronoun; --
used as a subject usually with <i>he</i>; as, he <i>himself</i> will
bear the blame; used alone in the predicate, either in the nominative
or objective case; as, it is <i>himself</i> who saved
<i>himself</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But he <i>himself</i> returned from the
quarries.</blockquote> <i>Judges iii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>David hid <i>himself</i> in the field.</blockquote>
<i>1 Sam. xx. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord <i>himself</i> shall give you a
sign.</blockquote> <i>Is. vii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who gave <i>himself</i> for us, that he might . . .
purify unto <i>himself</i> a peculiar people.</blockquote> <i>Titus
ii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With shame remembers, while <i>himself</i> was one<BR>
Of the same herd, <i>himself</i> the same had done.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Himself</i> was formerly used instead of <i>itself</i>.
See Note under <u>Him</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>It comprehendeth in <i>himself</i> all
good.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One's true or real character; one's
natural temper and disposition; the state of being in one's right or
sane mind (after unconsciousness, passion, delirium, or abasement);
as, the man has come to <i>himself</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By himself</b></col>, <cd>alone; unaccompanied; apart;
sequestered; as, he sits or studies <i>by himself</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To leave one to himself</b></col>, <cd>to withdraw from him;
to let him take his own course.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Him*self"</hw> (?), <hw>Him*selve"</hw> (&?;),
<hw>Him*selv"en</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>pron. pl.</i></pos>
<def>Themselves. See <u>Hemself</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Him*selve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Himself</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Him*yar"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Him`ya*rit"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to Himyar, an ancient king of
Yemen, in Arabia, or to his successors or people; as, the
<i>Himjaritic</i> characters, language, etc.; applied esp. to certain
ancient inscriptions showing the primitive type of the oldest form of
the Arabic, still spoken in Southern Arabia.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>h&imacr;n</i>.]
<def>A Hebrew measure of liquids, containing three quarts, one pint,
one gill, English measure.</def>  <i>W. H. Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hind</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hind</i>; akin to
D. <i>hinde</i>, OHG. <i>hinta</i>, G. <i>hinde</i>, <i>hindin</i>,
Icel., Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>hind</i>, and perh. to Goth. <i>hinpan</i> to
seize (in comp.), E. <i>hunt</i>, or cf. Gr. &?; a young deer.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The female of the red
deer, of which the male is the stag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spotted food fish of
the genus <i>Epinephelus</i>, as <i>E. apua</i> of Bermuda, and <i>E.
Drummond-hayi</i> of Florida; -- called also <i>coney</i>, <i>John
Paw</i>, <i>spotted hind</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hind</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hine</i>, AS.
<i>h&imacr;ne</i>, <i>h&imacr;na</i>, orig. gen. pl. of
<i>h&imacr;wan</i> domestics; akin to Icel. <i>hj&umacr;</i> man and
wife, domestics, family, Goth. <i>heiwa</i>frauja master of the
house, G. <i>hei</i>rath marriage; cf. L. <i>civis</i> citizen, E.
<i>city</i> or E. <i>home</i>.  Cf. <u>Hide</u> a measure of land.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A domestic; a servant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A peasant; a rustic; a farm servant.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hind</i>, that homeward driving the slow
steer<BR>
Tells how man's daily work goes forward here.</blockquote>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hind</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Hinder</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Hindmost</u> (?), or
<u>Hindermost</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>hind</i>, adv., back, AS.
<i>hindan</i> behind. See <u>Hinder</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>In the rear; -- opposed to <i>front</i>; of or pertaining to the
part or end which follows or is behind, in opposition to the part
which leads or is before; as, the <i>hind</i> legs or <i>hind</i>
feet of a quadruped; the <i>hind</i> man in a procession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hind"ber*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hindberie</i>; akin to OHG. <i>hintberi</i>, G. <i>himbeere</i>.
So called because hinds or stags are fond of them. See 1st
<u>Hind</u>, and <u>Berry</u>.] <def>The raspberry.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Hind"brain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hind</i>, adj.
+ <i>brain</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The posterior of the three
principal divisions of the brain, including the epencephalon and
metencephalon. Sometimes restricted to the <i>epencephalon</i>
only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hind"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hindere</i>,
AS. hinder, adv., behind; akin to OHG. <i>hintar</i>, prep., behind,
G. <i>hinter</i>, Goth. <i>hindar</i>; orig. a comparative, and akin
to AS. <i>hine</i> hence. See <u>Hence</u>, <u>He</u>, and cf.
<u>Hind</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Hindmost</u>.] <def>Of or
belonging to that part or end which is in the rear, or which follows;
as, the <i>hinder</i> part of a wagon; the <i>hinder</i> parts of a
horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was in the <i>hinder</i> part of the
ship.</blockquote> <i>Mark iv. 38.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hin"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hindered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hindering</u>.] [OE. <i>hindren</i>, <i>hinderen</i>, AS.
<i>hindrian</i>, fr. <i>hinder</i> behind; akin to D.
<i>hinderen</i>, G. <i>hindern</i>, OHG. <i>hintar&?;n</i>, Icel. &
Sw. <i>hindra</i>, Dan. <i>hindre</i>. See <u>Hinder</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep back or behind;
to prevent from starting or moving forward; to check; to retard; to
obstruct; to bring to a full stop; -- often followed by <i>from</i>;
as, an accident <i>hindered</i> the coach; drought <i>hinders</i> the
growth of plants; to <i>hinder</i> me from going.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Them that were entering in ye
<i>hindered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke xi. 52.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>hinder</i> you too long.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prevent or embarrass; to debar; to shut
out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>hinders</i> younger brothers, being fathers of
families, from having the same right?</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To check; retard; impede; delay; block; clog;
prevent; stop; interrupt; counteract; thwart; oppose; obstruct;
debar; embarrass.</p>

<p><hw>Hin"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To interpose
obstacles or impediments; to be a hindrance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This objection <i>hinders</i> not but that the heroic
action of some commander . . . may be written.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hin"der*ance</hw> (?). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hindrance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hin"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, hinders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hind"er*est</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hindermost; --
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of <u>Hind</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hind"er*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hinderling</i> one who comes behind his ancestors, fr. AS.
<i>hinder</i> behind. See <u>Hinder</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Hilding</u>.] <def>A worthless, base, degenerate person or
animal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Callander.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hind"er*most`</hw>, <hw>Hind"most`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [The superlative of <i>hind</i>. See
<u>Hind</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] [Cf. AS. <i>hindema</i> (akin to
Goth. <i>hindumists</i>), a superlative from the same source as the
comparative <i>hinder</i>. See <u>Hinder</u>, a., and cf.
<u>Aftermost</u>.] <def>Furthest in or toward the rear; last.</def>
"Rachel and Joseph <i>hindermost</i>."  <i>Gen. xxxiii. 2.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hind"gut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hind</i>, a. +
<i>gut</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The posterior part of the alimentary
canal, including the rectum, and sometimes the large intestine
also.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hin"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prop. a Per. adj.
meaning, Indian, Hindoo.] <def>The name given by Europeans to that
form of the Hindustani language which is chiefly spoken by native
Hindoos. In employs the Devanagari character, in which Sanskrit is
written.</def>  <i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hind"ley"s screw`</hw> (?). <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A screw cut on
a solid whose sides are arcs of the periphery of a wheel into the
teeth of which the screw is intended to work. It is named from the
person who first used the form.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hin"doo</hw>, <hw>Hin"du</hw>  } (?; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Hindoos</b></plw> (#) or
<plw><b>Hindus</b></plw>. [Per. <i>Hind&umacr;</i>, fr. <i>Hind</i>,
<i>Hind&umacr;st&amacr;n</i>, India.  Cf. <u>Indian</u>.] <def>A
native inhabitant of Hindostan. As an ethnical term it is confined to
the Dravidian and Aryan races; as a religious name it is restricted
to followers of the Veda.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hin"doo*ism</hw>, <hw>Hin"du*ism</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The religious doctrines and rites of the
Hindoos; Brahmanism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hin"doo*sta"nee</hw>, <hw>Hin"du*sta"ni</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>Hind&umacr;st&amacr;n&imacr;</i> an
Indian, fr. Hind. and Per. <i>Hind&umacr;st&amacr;n</i> India.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the Hindoos or their language.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of Hindostan; the name given
by Europeans to the most generally spoken of the modern Aryan
languages of India. It is Hindi with the addition of Persian and
Arabic words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hin"drance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hinder</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
hindering, or the state of being hindered.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which hinders; an
impediment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What various <i>hindrances</i> we meet.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Something between a <i>hindrance</i> and a
help.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impediment; obstruction; obstacle; difficulty;
interruption; check; delay; restraint.</p>

<p><hw>Hin"du</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hindoo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hind</u> a
servant.] <def>A servant; a farm laborer; a peasant; a hind.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bailiff, herd, nor other <i>hine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hinge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>henge</i>,
<i>heeng</i>; akin to D. <i>heng</i>, LG. <i>henge</i>, Prov. E.
<i>hingle</i> a small hinge; connected with <i>hang</i>, v., and
Icel. <i>hengja</i> to hang. See <u>Hang</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The hook with its eye, or the joint, on
which a door, gate, lid, etc., turns or swings; a flexible piece, as
a strip of leather, which serves as a joint to turn on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gate self-opened wide,<BR>
On golden <i>hinges</i> turning.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That on which anything turns or depends; a
governing principle; a cardinal point or rule; as, this argument was
the <i>hinge</i> on which the question turned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the four cardinal points, east,
west, north, or south.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When the moon is in the <i>hinge</i> at
East.</blockquote> <i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor slept the winds . . . but rushed
abroad.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hinge joint</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Ginglymus</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i>
<cd>Any joint resembling a hinge, by which two pieces are connected
so as to permit relative turning in one plane.</cd> -- <col><b>To be
off the hinges</b></col>, <cd>to be in a state of disorder or
irregularity; to have lost proper adjustment.</cd>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hinge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hinged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hinging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To attach by, or furnish
with, hinges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bend.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hinge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stand, depend,
hang, or turn, as on a hinge; to depend chiefly for a result or
decision or for force and validity; -- usually with <i>on</i> or
<i>upon</i>; as, the argument <i>hinges</i> on this point.</def>
<i>I. Taylor</i></p>

<p><hw>Hinged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
hinges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hinge"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a hinge
or joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A reaping hook.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hin"ni*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Hin"ny</hw> (?) } <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [L. <i>hinnire</i>.] <def>To neigh; to whinny.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hin"ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hinnies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>hinnus</i>, cf. Gr. &?;.]
<def>A hybrid between a stallion and an ass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hin"ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A term of endearment;
darling; -- corrupted from <i>honey</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hint</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hinted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hinting</u>.] [OE. <i>henten</i>, <i>hinten</i>, to seize, to
catch, AS. <i>hentan</i> to pursue, take, seize; or Icel. <i>ymta</i>
to mutter, <i>ymtr</i> a muttering, Dan. <i>ymte</i> to whisper.
&radic;36.  Cf. <u>Hent</u>.] <def>To bring to mind by a slight
mention or remote allusion; to suggest in an indirect manner; as, to
<i>hint</i> a suspicion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just <i>hint</i> a fault and hesitate
dislike.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To suggest; intimate; insinuate; imply.</p>

<p><hw>Hint</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make an indirect
reference, suggestion, or allusion; to allude vaguely to
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We whisper, and <i>hint</i>, and chuckle.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hint at</b></col>, <cd>to allude to lightly,
indirectly, or cautiously.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To allude; refer; glance; touch.</p>

<p><hw>Hint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remote allusion; slight
mention; intimation; insinuation; a suggestion or reminder, without a
full declaration or explanation; also, an occasion or
motive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>hint</i> of woe<BR>
Is common.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The hint malevolent, the look oblique.</blockquote>
<i>Hannah More.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Suggestion; allusion. See <u>Suggestion</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hint"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a hinting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hipe</i>,
<i>huppe</i>, AS. <i>hype</i>; akin to D. <i>heup</i>, OHG.
<i>huf</i>, G. <i>h&uuml;fte</i>, Dan. <i>hofte</i>, Sw.
<i>h&ouml;ft</i>, Goth. <i>hups</i>; cf. Icel. <i>huppr</i>, and also
Gr. &?; the hollow above the hips of cattle, and Lith. <i>kumpis</i>
ham.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The projecting region of the lateral parts
of one side of the pelvis and the hip joint; the haunch; the
huckle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The external angle formed
by the meeting of two sloping sides or skirts of a roof, which have
their wall plates running in different directions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Engin)</i> <def>In a bridge truss, the
place where an inclined end post meets the top chord.</def>
<i>Waddell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hip bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the innominate
bone; -- called also <i>haunch bone</i> and <i>huckle bone</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Hip girdle</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the pelvic
girdle.</cd> -- <col><b>Hip joint</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
articulation between the thigh bone and hip bone.</cd> -- <col><b>Hip
knob</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a finial, ball, or other ornament
at the intersection of the hip rafters and the ridge.</cd> --
<col><b>Hip molding</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a molding on the
hip of a roof, covering the hip joint of the slating or other
roofing.</cd> -- <col><b>Hip rafter</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the
rafter extending from the wall plate to the ridge in the angle of a
hip roof.</cd> -- <col><b>Hip roof</b></col>, <col><b>Hipped
roof</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a roof having sloping ends and
sloping sides. See <u>Hip</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2., and
<u>Hip</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Hip
tile</b></col>, <cd>a tile made to cover the hip of a roof.</cd> --
<col><b>To catch upon the hip</b></col>, or <col><b>To have on the
hip</b></col>, <cd>to have or get the advantage of; -- a figure
probably derived from wresting.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To smite
hip and thigh</b></col>, <cd>to overthrow completely; to defeat
utterly.</cd> <i>Judg. xv. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hipping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dislocate or sprain the
hip of, to fracture or injure the hip bone of (a quadruped) in such a
manner as to produce a permanent depression of that side.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw (one's adversary) over one's hip
in wrestling (technically called <i>cross buttock</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make with a hip or hips, as a
roof.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hipped roof</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Hip roof</i>, under
<u>Hip</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hepe</i>, AS.
<i>he&oacute;pe</i>; cf. OHG. <i>hiufo</i> a bramble bush.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of a rosebush, especially of the English
dog-rose (<i>Rosa canina</i>).</def> [Written also <i>hop</i>,
<i>hep</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Hip tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the dog-
rose.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hip</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Used to excite
attention or as a signal; as, <i>hip</i>, <i>hip</i>,
hurra!</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip</hw>, <i>or</i> <hw>Hipps</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Hyp</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hip"halt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lame in the
hip.</def> [R.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hip"pa</hw> (?), <hw>Hip"pe</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine decapod crustaceans, which
burrow rapidly in the sand by pushing themselves backward; -- called
also <i>bait bug</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Anomura</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hip*pa"ri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a pony, dim. of &?; a horse.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct
genus of Tertiary mammals allied to the horse, but three-toed, having
on each foot a small lateral hoof on each side of the main central
one. It is believed to be one of the ancestral genera of the Horse
family.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hipped</hw> (?), <hw>Hip"pish</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 5th <u>Hip</u>.] <def>Somewhat
hypochondriac; melancholy. See <u>Hyppish</u>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When we are <i>hipped</i> or in high
spirits.</blockquote> <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hip`po*bos"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse + &?; to feed.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of dipterous insects including the horsefly or horse
tick.</def> -- <wf>Hip`po*bos"can</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hip"po*camp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hippocampus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip`po*cam"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the hippocampus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip`po*cam"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the sea
horse, Gr. &?; a hippocampus (in senses 1 and 2); <grk>"i`ppos</grk>
horse + &?; to bend.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A
fabulous monster, with the head and fore quarters of a horse joined
to the tail of a dolphin or other fish (<i>Hippocampus
brevirostris</i>), -- seen in Pompeian paintings, attached to the
chariot of Neptune.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><! p. 695 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of lophobranch
fishes of several species in which the head and neck have some
resemblance to those of a horse; -- called also <i>sea
horse</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They swim slowly, in an erect position, and often cling to
seaweeds by means of the incurved prehensile tail. The male has a
ventral pouch, in which it carries the eggs till hatched.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name applied to
either of two ridges of white matter in each lateral ventricle of the
brain. The larger is called <i>hippocampus major</i> or simply
<i>hippocampus</i>. The smaller, <i>hippocampus minor</i>, is called
also <i>ergot</i> and <i>calcar</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip`po*cen"taur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hippocentaurus</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse + &?;
centaur.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Centaur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip"po*cras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hippocras</i>, <i>hypocras</i>, NL. vinum <i>hippocraticum</i>,
lit., wine of Hippocrates.] <def>A cordial made of spiced wine,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip*poc"ra*tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A famous
Greek physician and medical writer, born in Cos, about 460 <u>B.
C.</u></def></p>

<p><col><b>Hippocrates' sleeve</b></col>, <cd>a conical strainer,
made by stitching together two adjacent sides of a square piece of
cloth, esp. flannel of linen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hip"po*crat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Hippocrates, or to his teachings.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hippocratic face</b></col> [L. <i>facies
Hippocratica</i>], <cd>the change produced in the countenance by
death, or long sickness, excessive evacuations, excessive hunger, and
the like. The nose is pinched, the eyes are sunk, the temples hollow,
the ears cold and retracted, the skin of the forehead tense and dry,
the complexion livid, the lips pendent, relaxed, and cold; -- so
called, as having been described by Hippocrates.</cd>
<i>Dunglison.</i> -- <col><b>Hippocratic oath</b></col>, <cd>an oath
said to have been dictated by Hippocrates to his disciples. Such an
oath is still administered to candidates for graduation in
medicine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hip*poc"ra*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
medical philosophy or system of Hippocrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip"po*crene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse + &?; a fountain.] <def>A fountain on Mount
Helicon in B&oelig;otia, fabled to have burst forth when the ground
was struck by the hoof of Pegasus. Also, its waters, which were
supposed to impart poetic inspiration.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor maddening draughts of
<i>Hippocrene</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hip"po*crep"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hippocrepiform</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of an order of
fresh-water Bryozoa, in which the tentacles are on a lophophore,
shaped like a horseshoe. See <u>Phylactol&aelig;ma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip`po*crep`i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse + &?; shoe + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Shaped like a horseshoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip"po*dame</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hippopotame</i>.] <def>A fabulous sea monster.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hip"po*drome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hippodromos</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse + &?; course,
fr. &?; to run: cf. F. <i>hippodrome</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A place set apart for equestrian and chariot
races.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An arena for equestrian performances; a
circus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip"po*griff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hippogriffe</i>; cf. It. <i>ippogrifo</i>. See
<u>Hippopotamus</u>, <u>Griffon</u>.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A fabulous
winged animal, half horse and half griffin.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hip"po*lith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse + <i>-lith</i>.] <def>A concretion, or kind
of bezoar, from the intestines of the horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip`po*pa*thol`o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse + E. <i>pathology</i>: cf. F.
<i>hippopathologie</i>.] <def>The science of veterinary medicine; the
pathology of the horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip*poph"a*gi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hippophagous</u>.] <def>Eaters of horseflesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip*poph"a*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hippophagy.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hip*poph"a*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
eats horseflesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip*poph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse + &?; to eat: cf. F. <i>hippophage</i>.]
<def>Feeding on horseflesh; -- said of certain nomadic tribes, as the
Tartars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip*poph"a*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hippophagie</i>.] <def>The act or practice of feeding on
horseflesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip"po*phile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse + &?; to love.] <def>One who loves
horses.</def>  <i>Holmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hip`po*pot"a*mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Hippopotamuses</b></plw> (#), L.
<plw><b>Hippopotami</b></plw> (#). [L., from Gr.&?;;
<grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse + &?; river.  Cf. <u>Equine</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, amphibious, herbivorous mammal
(<i>Hippopotamus amphibius</i>), common in the rivers of Africa. It
is allied to the hogs, and has a very thick, naked skin, a thick and
square head, a very large muzzle, small eyes and ears, thick and
heavy body, and short legs. It is supposed to be the behemoth of the
Bible. Called also <i>zeekoe</i>, and <i>river horse</i>. A smaller
species (<i>H. Liberiencis</i>) inhabits Western Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip*pot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse + &?; to cut: cf. F. <i>hippotomie</i>.]
<def>Anatomy of the horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip*pu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse + <grk>o"y`ron</grk> urine: cf. F.
<i>hippurique</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Obtained from the
urine of horses; as, <i>hippuric</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hippuric acid</b></col>, <cd>a white crystalline
substance, containing nitrogen, present in the urine of herbivorous
animals, and in small quantity in human urine. By the action of
acids, it is decomposed into benzoic acid and glycocoll.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hip"pu*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; decked
with a horse's tail; <grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse + &?; tail: cf. F.
<i>hippurite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil bivalve mollusk of
the genus <i>Hippurites</i>, of many species, having a conical, cup-
shaped under valve, with a flattish upper valve or lid. Hippurites
are found only in the Cretaceous rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip"-roofed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a hip
roof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip"shot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hip</i> +
<i>shot</i>.] <def>Having the hip dislocated; hence, having one hip
lower than the other.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hip" tree`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The dog-
rose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hir</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Here</u>, <pos><i>pron.</i></pos></def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hir"cic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hircique</i>. See <u>Hircin</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or derived from, mutton suet; -- applied by Chevreul
to an oily acid which was obtained from mutton suet, and to which he
attributed the peculiar taste and smell of that substance. The
substance has also been called <i>hircin</i>.</def>
<i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hir"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>hircus</i>, he-
goat, buck: cf. F. <i>hircine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Hircic acid.
See <u>Hircic</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Hir"cine</hw> (?), <hw>Hir"ci*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hircinus</i>, fr. <i>hircus</i> hegoat:
cf. F. <i>hircin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Goatlike; of or
pertaining to a goat or the goats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of a strong goatish smell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hire</hw> (h&etilde;r), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<def>See <u>Here</u>, <pos><i>pron.</i></pos></def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hire</hw> (h&imacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hire</i>,
<i>hure</i>, AS. <i>h&ymacr;r</i>; akin to D. <i>huur</i>, G.
<i>heuer</i>, Dan. <i>hyre</i>, Sw. <i>hyra</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The price, reward, or compensation paid, or contracted to be
paid, for the temporary use of a thing or a place, for personal
service, or for labor; wages; rent; pay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The laborer is worthy of his <i>hire</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Luke x. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law.)</i> <def>A bailment by which the use
of a thing, or the services and labor of a person, are contracted for
at a certain price or reward.</def>  <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wages; salary; stipend; allowance; pay.</p>

<p><hw>Hire</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hired</u> (h&imacr;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hiring</u>.] [OE. <i>hiren</i>, <i>huren</i>, AS.
<i>h&ymacr;rian</i>; akin to D. <i>huren</i>, G. <i>heuern</i>, Dan.
<i>hyre</i>, Sw. <i>hyra</i>. See <u>Hire</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To procure (any chattel or estate) from
another person, for temporary use, for a compensation or equivalent;
to purchase the use or enjoyment of for a limited time; as, to
<i>hire</i> a farm for a year; to <i>hire</i> money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To engage or purchase the service, labor,
or interest of (any one) for a specific purpose, by payment of wages;
as, to <i>hire</i> a servant, an agent, or an advocate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To grant the temporary use of, for
compensation; to engage to give the service of, for a price; to let;
to lease; -- now usually with <i>out</i>, and often reflexively; as,
he has <i>hired</i> out his horse, or his time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . have <i>hired</i> out themselves for
bread.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. ii. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hire"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without hire.</def>
<i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hire"ling</hw> (-l&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&ymacr;reling</i>. See <u>Hire</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and
<u>-ling</u>.] <def>One who is hired, or who serves for wages; esp.,
one whose motive and interest in serving another are wholly gainful;
a mercenary.</def> "Lewd <i>hirelings</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hire"ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving for hire or
wages; venal; mercenary.</def> "<i>Hireling</i> mourners."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hir"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hires.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hires</hw> (?), <hw>Hirs</hw>, <pos><i>pron.</i></pos>
<def>Hers; theirs. See <u>Here</u>, <pos><i>pron.</i></pos></def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hir*sute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hirsutus</i>;
prob. akin to <i>horridus</i> horrid.  Cf. <u>Horrid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rough with hair; set with bristles;
shaggy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rough and coarse; boorish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cynical and <i>hirsute</i> in his
behavior.</blockquote> <i>Life of A. Wood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pubescent with coarse or
stiff hairs.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Covered with hairlike
feathers, as the feet of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hir*sute"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hairiness.</def>
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hir*tel"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim., fr. L.
<i>hirtus</i> hairy.] <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pubescent with
minute and somewhat rigid hairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi*ru"dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the leeches.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hir`u*din"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>hirudo</i>, <i>hirudinis</i>, a leech.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of Annelida, including the leeches; -- called also
<i>Hirudinei</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hi*ru"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a leech.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of leeches, including the common
medicinal leech. See <u>Leech</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi*run"dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or pertaining to the swallows.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hi*run"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., swallow.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of birds including the swallows and
martins.</def></p>

<p><hw>His</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [AS. <i>his</i> of him,
his, gen. masc. &amp; neut. of <i>h&?;</i>, neut. <i>hit</i>. See
<u>He</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging or pertaining to
<i>him</i>; -- used as a pronominal adjective or adjective pronoun;
as, tell John <i>his</i> papers are ready; formerly used also for
<i>its</i>, but this use is now obsolete.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No comfortable star did lend <i>his</i>
light.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who can impress the forest, bid the tree<BR>
Unfix <i>his</i> earth-bound root?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Also formerly used in connection with a noun simply as a
sign of the possessive. "The king <i>his</i> son." <i>Shak.</i> "By
young Telemachus <i>his</i> blooming years." <i>Pope.</i> This
<i>his</i> is probably a corruption of the old possessive ending -
<i>is</i> or -<i>es</i>, which, being written as a separate word, was
at length confounded with the pronoun <i>his</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The possessive of <i>he</i>; as, the book
is <i>his</i>.</def> "The sea is <i>his</i>, and he made it."  <i>Ps.
xcv. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>His"ing*er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after W.
<i>Hisinger</i>, a Swedish mineralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A soft
black, iron ore, nearly earthy, a hydrous silicate of iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>His*pan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Hispanicus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Spain or its language;
as, <i>Hispanic</i> words.</def></p>

<p><hw>His*pan"i*cism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Spanish idiom
or mode of speech.</def>  <i>Keightley.</i></p>

<p><hw>His*pan"i*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give
a Spanish form or character to; as, to <i>Hispanicize</i> Latin
words.</def></p>

<p><hw>His"pid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hispidus</i>:
cf. F. <i>hispide</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rough with bristles or minute
spines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Beset with
stiff hairs or bristles.</def></p>

<p><hw>His*pid"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>hispid</i>.] <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Minutely
hispid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hiss</hw> (?). <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hissed</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hissing</u>.] [AS. <i>hysian</i>; prob. of imitative origin&?;;
cf. LG. <i>hissen</i>, OD. <i>hisschen</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make with the mouth a prolonged sound like that of the letter
<i>s</i>, by driving the breath between the tongue and the teeth; to
make with the mouth a sound like that made by a goose or a snake when
angered; esp., to make such a sound as an expression of hatred,
passion, or disapproval.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The merchants among the people shall <i>hiss</i> at
thee.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxvii. 36.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a similar noise by any means; to
pass with a sibilant sound; as, the arrow <i>hissed</i> as it
flew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shod with steel,<BR>
We <i>hissed</i> along the polished ice.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hiss</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
condemn or express contempt for by hissing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the tag-rag people did not clap him and <i>hiss</i>
him, according as he pleased and displeased them.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Malcolm</i>.   What is the newest grief?<BR>
<i>Ros</i>.  That of an hour's age doth <i>hiss</i> the
speaker.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter with a hissing sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The long-necked geese of the world that are ever
<i>hissing</i> dispraise.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hiss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
prolonged sound like that letter <i>s</i>, made by forcing out the
breath between the tongue and teeth, esp. as a token of
disapprobation or contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>Hiss</i>" implies audible friction of breath
consonants.</blockquote> <i>H. Sweet. </i></p>

<p><blockquote>A dismal, universal <i>hiss</i>, the sound<BR>
Of public scorn.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any sound resembling that above
described</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The noise made by a
serpent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>hiss</i> for <i>hiss</i> returned with forked
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The note of a goose when irritated.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The noise made by steam escaping through a
narrow orifice, or by water falling on a hot stove.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Hiss"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of emitting a hiss or hisses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The occasion of contempt; the object of
scorn and derision.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will make this city desolate, and a
<i>hissing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xix. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hiss"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a hissing
sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hist</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>hys</i>.
&?;.  Cf. <u>Hush</u>, <u>Whist</u>.] <def>Hush; be silent; -- a
signal for silence.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>His`ti*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"isto`s</grk> tissue + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Histology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>His`to*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"isto`s</grk> tissue + E. <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The formation and development of organic
tissues; histogeny; -- the opposite of <i>histolysis</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Germ history of cells, and of the tissues
composed of cells.</def>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>His`to*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Histogeny</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Tissue-producing; connected
with the formation and development of the organic tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>His*tog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"isto`s</grk> tissue + root of &?; to be born.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Histogenesis</u>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>His*tog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
describes organic tissues; an histologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>His"to*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to histography.</def></p>

<p><hw>His*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"isto`s</grk> tissue + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of,
or treatise on, organic tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>His`to*h&aelig;m"a*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"isto`s</grk> tissue + E. <i>h&aelig;matin</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>One of a class of respiratory pigments, widely
distributed in the animal kingdom, capable of ready oxidation and
reduction.</def></p>

<p><hw>His"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"isto`s</grk> tissue + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling the normal
tissues; as, <i>histoid</i> tumors.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>His`to*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>His`to*log"ic*al</hw>  }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to histology, or
to the microscopic structure of the tissues of living
organisms.</def> -- <wf>His`to*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>His*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in histology.</def></p>

<p><hw>His*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"isto`s</grk> tissue + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of
biological science, which treats of the minute (microscopic)
structure of animal and vegetable tissues; -- called also
<i>histiology</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||His*tol"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"isto`s</grk> tissue + &?; to loosen, dissolve.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The decay and dissolution of the organic tissues and of the
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>His`to*lyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to histolysis, or the degeneration of
tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>His*ton"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"isto`s</grk> tissue + &?; to distribute, regulate.] <def>The
science which treats of the laws relating to organic tissues, their
formation, development, functions, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>His*toph"y*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"isto`s</grk> tissue + Gr. &?; clan.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
tribal history of cells, a division of morphophyly.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>His*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>historialis</i>: cf. F. <i>historial</i>.] <def>Historical.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>His*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>historien</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A writer of history; a
chronicler; an annalist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even the <i>historian</i> takes great liberties with
facts.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One versed or well informed in
history.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great captains should be good
<i>historians</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><! p. 696 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>His*tor"ic</hw> (h&ibreve;s*t&obreve;r"&ibreve;k),
<hw>his*tor"ic*al</hw> (h&ibreve;s*t&obreve;r"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>historicus</i>, Gr.
<grk>"istoriko`s</grk>: cf. F. <i>historique</i>. See
<u>History</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to history, or the record of
past events; as, an <i>historical</i> poem; the <i>historic</i>
page.</def> -- <wf>His*tor"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>His*to*ric"i*ty</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote> There warriors frowning in <i>historic</i>
brass.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Historical painting</b></col>, <cd>that branch of painting
which represents the events of history.</cd> -- <col><b>Historical
sense</b></col>, <cd>that meaning of a passage which is deduced from
the circumstances of time, place, etc., under which it was
written.</cd> -- <col><b>The historic sense</b></col>, <cd>the
capacity to conceive and represent the unity and significance of a
past era or age.</cd></p>

<p><hw>His*tor"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of, or in accordance with, history.</def></p>

<p><hw>His*tor"i*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
record or narrate in the manner of a history; to chronicle.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>His"to*ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Related in
history.</def></p>

<p><hw>His*to"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
historian.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||His`to*ri*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>histoire</i> a history.] <def>Historical narration on a small
scale; a brief recital; a story.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>His*tor"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>History</i>
+ <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To record in or as history.</def> [R.]
<i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy conquest meet to be
<i>historified</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>His*to`ri*og"ra*pher</hw>
(h&ibreve;s*t&omacr;`r&ibreve;*&obreve;g"r&adot;*f&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>historiographus</i>, Gr.
<grk>"istoriogra`fos</grk>; <grk>"istori`a</grk> history +
<grk>gra`fein</grk> to write: cf. F. <i>historiographe</i>.] <def>An
historian; a writer of history; especially, one appointed or
designated to write a history; also, a title bestowed by some
governments upon historians of distinction.</def></p>

<p><hw>His*to`ri*og"ra*pher*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office of an historiographer.</def>  <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>His*to`ri*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
art of employment of an historiographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>His*to`ri*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
history + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A discourse on history.</def>
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>His*to`ri*on"o*mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
history + &?; to distribute.] <def>One versed in the phenomena of
history and the laws controlling them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>historionomers</i> will have measured
accurately the sidereal years of races.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>His"to*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To relate
as history; to chronicle; to historicize.</def> [R.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>His"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Histories</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>historia</i>, Gr.
<grk>'istori`a</grk> history, information, inquiry, fr.
<grk>'istwr</grk>, <grk>"istwr</grk>, knowing, learned, from the root
of &?; to know; akin to E. <i>wit</i>. See <u>Wit</u>, and cf.
<u>Story</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A learning or knowing by inquiry; the
knowledge of facts and events, so obtained; hence, a formal statement
of such information; a narrative; a description; a written record;
as, the <i>history</i> of a patient's case; the <i>history</i> of a
legislative bill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A systematic, written account of events,
particularly of those affecting a nation, institution, science, or
art, and usually connected with a philosophical explanation of their
causes; a true story, as distinguished from a <i>romance</i>; --
distinguished also from <i>annals</i>, which relate simply the facts
and events of each year, in strict chronological order; from
<i>biography</i>, which is the record of an individual's life; and
from <i>memoir</i>, which is history composed from personal
experience, observation, and memory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Histories</i> are as perfect as the historian is
wise, and is gifted with an eye and a soul.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For aught that I could ever read,<BR>
Could ever hear by tale or <i>history</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>histories</i> of toil could I
declare!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>History piece</b></col>, <cd>a representation in painting,
drawing, etc., of any real event, including the actors and the
action.</cd> -- <col><b>Natural history</b></col>, <cd>a description
and classification of objects in nature, as minerals, plants,
animals, etc., and the phenomena which they exhibit to the
senses.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Chronicle; annals; relation; narration.  --
<u>History</u>, <u>Chronicle</u>, <u>Annals</u>. <i>History</i> is a
methodical record of important events which concern a community of
men, usually so arranged as to show the connection of causes and
effects, to give an analysis of motive and action etc. A
<i>chronicle</i> is a record of such events, conforming to the order
of time as its distinctive feature. <i>Annals</i> are a chronicle
divided up into separate years. By poetic license <i>annals</i> is
sometimes used for <i>history</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Justly C&aelig;sar scorns the poet's lays;<BR>
It is to <i>history</i> he trusts for praise.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No more yet of this;<BR>
For 't is a <i>chronicle</i> of day by day,<BR>
Not a relation for a breakfast.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many glorious examples in the <i>annals</i> of our
religion.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>His"to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To narrate or
record.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>His*tot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; tissue +
&?; to cut.] <def>The dissection of organic tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>His"to*zyme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; tissue +
&?; leaven.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A soluble ferment occurring
in the animal body, to the presence of which many normal
decompositions and synthetical processes are supposed to be
due.</def></p>

<p><hw>His"tri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>histrio</i>:
cf. F. <i>histrion</i>.] <def>A player.</def> [R.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>His`tri*on"ic</hw> (?), <hw>His`tri*on"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>histrionicus</i>: cf. F.
<i>histrionique</i>. See <u>Histrion</u>.] <def>Of or relating to the
stage or a stageplayer; befitting a theatre; theatrical; -- sometimes
in a bad sense.</def> -- <wf>His`tri*on"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Tainted with false and <i>histrionic</i>
feeling.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>His`tri*on"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
histrionic art; stageplaying.</def>  <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>His"tri*o*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Theatrical
representation; acting; affectation.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>His"tri*o*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act;
to represent on the stage, or theatrically.</def>
<i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hit</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>It.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hit</hw>, <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Hide</u>, contracted from <i>hideth</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hit</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hitting</u>.] [OE. <i>hitten</i>, <i>hutten</i>, of Scand. origin;
cf. Dan. <i>hitte</i> to hit, find, Sw. &amp; Icel. <i>hitta</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reach with a stroke or blow; to strike or
touch, usually with force; especially, to reach or touch (an object
aimed at).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I think you have <i>hit</i> the mark.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reach or attain exactly; to meet
according to the occasion; to perform successfully; to attain to; to
accord with; to be conformable to; to suit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Birds learning tunes, and their endeavors to
<i>hit</i> the notes right.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There you <i>hit</i> him; . . . that argument never
fails with him.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose saintly visage is too bright<BR>
To <i>hit</i> the sense of human sight.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He scarcely <i>hit</i> my humor.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To guess; to light upon or discover.</def>
"Thou hast <i>hit</i> it."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Backgammon)</i> <def>To take up, or replace
by a piece belonging to the opposing player; -- said of a single
unprotected piece on a point.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To hit off</b></col>, <cd>to describe with quick
characteristic strokes; as, <i>to hit off</i> a speaker.</cd> <i>Sir
W. Temple.</i> -- <col><b>To hit out</b></col>, <cd>to perform by
good luck.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To meet or come in contact; to strike; to clash; -- followed by
<i>against</i> or <i>on</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If bodies be extension alone, how can they move and
<i>hit</i> one against another?</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Corpuscles, meeting with or <i>hitting</i> on those
bodies, become conjoined with them.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To meet or reach what was aimed at or
desired; to succeed, -- often with implied chance, or luck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And oft it <i>hits</i><BR>
Where hope is coldest and despair most fits.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And millions miss for one that
<i>hits</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hit on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to
light upon; to come to by chance.</cd> "None of them <i>hit upon</i>
the art."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
striking against; the collision of one body against another; the
stroke that touches anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So he the famed Cilician fencer praised,<BR>
And, at each <i>hit</i>, with wonder seems amazed.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stroke of success in an enterprise, as
by a fortunate chance; as, he made a <i>hit</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What late he called a blessing, now was wit,<BR>
And God's good providence, a lucky <i>hit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A peculiarly apt expression or turn of
thought; a phrase which hits the mark; as, a happy
<i>hit</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A game won at backgammon after the
adversary has removed some of his men. It counts less than a
<i>gammon</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>A striking of the ball;
as, a safe <i>hit</i>; a foul <i>hit</i>; -- sometimes used
specifically for a <i>base hit</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Base hit</b></col>, <col><b>Safe hit</b></col>,
<col><b>Sacrifice hit</b></col>. <i>(Baseball)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Base</u>, <u>Safe</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hitch</hw> (h&ibreve;ch), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot.
<i>hitch</i> a motion by a jerk, and <i>hatch</i>, <i>hotch</i>, to
move by jerks, also Prov. G. <i>hiksen</i>, G. <i>hinken</i>, to
limp, hobble; or E. <i>hiccough</i>; or possibly akin to E.
<i>hook</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become entangled or caught;
to be linked or yoked; to unite; to cling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Atoms . . . which at length <i>hitched</i>
together.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move interruptedly or with halts,
jerks, or steps; -- said of something obstructed or
impeded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Slides into verse, and <i>hitches</i> in a
rhyme.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To ease themselves . . . by <i>hitching</i> into
another place.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hit the legs together in going, as
horses; to interfere.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hitch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hitched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hitching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hook; to catch or fasten
as by a hook or a knot; to make fast, unite, or yoke; as, to
<i>hitch</i> a horse, or a halter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move with hitches; as, he
<i>hitched</i> his chair nearer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To hitch up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To fasten
up.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To pull or raise with a jerk; as, a
sailor <i>hitches up</i> his trousers.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To attach, as a horse, to a vehicle; as, <i>hitch up</i> the gray
mare.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hitch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
catch; anything that holds, as a hook; an impediment; an obstacle; an
entanglement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of catching, as on a hook,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stop or sudden halt; a stoppage; an
impediment; a temporary obstruction; an obstacle; as, a <i>hitch</i>
in one's progress or utterance; a <i>hitch</i> in the
performance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sudden movement or pull; a pull up; as,
the sailor gave his trousers a <i>hitch</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A knot or noose in a rope
which can be readily undone; -- intended for a temporary fastening;
as, a half <i>hitch</i>; a clove <i>hitch</i>; a timber <i>hitch</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A small dislocation of a
bed or vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hitch"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hatchel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hithe</hw> (h&imacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&ymacr;&eth;</i>.  Cf. <u>Hide</u> to conceal.] <def>A port or
small haven; -- used in composition; as, <i>Lambhithe</i>, now
<i>Lambeth</i>.</def>  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hith"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hider</i>,
AS. <i>hider</i>; akin to Icel. <i>h&emacr;&eth;ra</i>, Dan.
<i>hid</i>, Sw. <i>hit</i>, Goth. <i>hidr&emacr;</i>; cf. L.
<i>citra</i> on this side, or E. <i>here</i>, <i>he</i>.  &radic;183.
Cf. <u>He</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To this place; -- used with verbs
signifying motion, and implying motion toward the speaker; correlate
of <i>hence</i> and <i>thither</i>; as, to come or bring
<i>hither</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To this point, source, conclusion, design,
etc.; -- in a sense not physical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hither</i> we refer whatsoever belongeth unto the
highest perfection of man.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hither and thither</b></col>, <cd>to and fro; backward and
forward; in various directions.</cd> "Victory is like a traveller,
and goeth <i>hither and thither</i>."  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hith"er</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being on the side next or toward the person speaking; nearer; --
correlate of <i>thither</i> and <i>farther</i>; as, on the
<i>hither</i> side of a hill.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Applied to time: On the hither side of,
younger than; of fewer years than.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And on the <i>hither</i> side, or so she looked,<BR>
Of twenty summers.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To the present generation, that is to say, the people
a few years on the <i>hither</i> and thither side of thirty, the name
of Charles Darwin stands alongside of those of Isaac Newton and
Michael Faraday.</blockquote> <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hith"er*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearest on
this side.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hith"er*to`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To this place; to a prescribed
limit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hitherto</i> shalt thou come, but no
further.</blockquote> <i>Job xxxviii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Up to this time; as yet; until
now.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord hath blessed me <i>hitherto</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Josh. xvii. 14.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hith"er*ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hiderweard</i>.] <def>Toward this place; hither.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Marching <i>hitherward</i> in proud
array.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who hits or
strikes; as, a hard <i>hitter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hive</i>,
<i>huve</i>, AS. <i>h&?;fe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A box,
basket, or other structure, for the reception and habitation of a
swarm of honeybees.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The bees of one hive; a swarm of
bees.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place swarming with busy occupants; a
crowd.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hive</i> of Roman liars.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hive bee</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
honeybee.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hive</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hiving</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To collect into a hive; to
place in, or cause to enter, a hive; as, to <i>hive</i> a swarm of
bees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To store up in a hive, as honey; hence, to
gather and accumulate for future need; to lay up in store.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hiving</i> wisdom with each studious
year.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hive</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take shelter or
lodgings together; to reside in a collective body.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hive"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
hive.</def>  <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hiv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who collects
bees into a hive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hives</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.; perh. akin to E.
<i>heave</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
croup.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An eruptive disease
<i>(Varicella globularis)</i>, allied to the chicken pox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hizz</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hiss.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>Who.</def> [Obs.] In
some Chaucer MSS.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ho</hw>, <hw>Hoa</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ho</u>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos>, 2.] <def>A stop; a halt; a
moderation of pace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no <i>ho</i> with them.</blockquote>
<i>Decker.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ho</hw>, <hw>Hoa</hw>  } (h&omacr;),
<pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. F. &amp; G. <i>ho</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Halloo! attend! -- a call to excite attention, or to give notice
of approach.</def> "What noise there, <i>ho</i>?"  <i>Shak.</i>
"<i>Ho</i>! who's within?"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perhaps corrupted fr. <i>hold</i>; but cf. F.
<i>hau</i> stop! and E. <i>whoa</i>.] <def>Stop! stand still! hold! -
- a word now used by teamsters, but formerly to order the cessation
of anything.</def> [Written also <i>whoa</i>, and, formerly,
<i>hoo</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The duke . . . pulled out his sword and cried
"<i>Hoo</i>!"</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An herald on a scaffold made an
<i>hoo</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hor</i>,
<i>har</i>, AS. <i>h&amacr;r</i>; akin to Icel. <i>h&amacr;rr</i>,
and to OHG. <i>h&emacr;r</i> illustrious, magnificent; cf. Icel.
<i>Hei&eth;</i> brightness of the sky, Goth. <i>hais</i> torch, Skr.
<i>k&emacr;tus</i> light, torch.  Cf. <u>Hoary</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>White, or grayish white; as, <i>hoar</i>
frost; <i>hoar</i> cliffs.</def> "<i>Hoar</i> waters."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gray or white with age; hoary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose beard with age is <i>hoar</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Old trees with trunks all <i>hoar</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Musty; moldy; stale.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hoariness;
antiquity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Covered with the awful <i>hoar</i> of innumerable
ages.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>h&amacr;rian</i> to
grow gray.] <def>To become moldy or musty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Hoarding</u>,
2.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hord</i>, AS.
<i>hord</i>; akin to OS. <i>hord</i>, G. <i>hort</i>, Icel.
<i>hodd</i>, Goth. <i>huzd</i>; prob. from the root of E. <i>hide</i>
to conceal, and of L. <i>custos</i> guard, E. <i>custody</i>. See
<u>Hide</u> to conceal.] <def>A store, stock, or quantity of anything
accumulated or laid up; a hidden supply; a treasure; as, a
<i>hoard</i> of provisions; a <i>hoard</i> of money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hoarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hoarding</u>.] [AS. <i>hordian</i>.] <def>To collect and lay up;
to amass and deposit in secret; to store secretly, or for the sake of
keeping and accumulating; as, to <i>hoard</i> grain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoard</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lay up a store or
hoard, as of money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>hoard</i> for those whom he did
breed.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoard"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hoards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoard"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From OF.
<i>hourd</i>, <i>hourt</i>, barrier, palisade, of German or Dutch
origin; cf. D. <i>horde</i> hurdle, fence, G. <i>horde</i>,
<i>h&uuml;rde</i>; akin to E. <i>hurdle</i>. &radic;16. See
<u>Hurdle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A screen of
boards inclosing a house and materials while builders are at
work.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Posted on every dead wall and
<i>hoarding</i>.</blockquote> <i>London Graphic.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fence, barrier, or cover, inclosing,
surrounding, or concealing something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole arrangement was surrounded by a
<i>hoarding</i>, the space within which was divided into compartments
by sheets of tin.</blockquote> <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moldy; musty.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Granmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoar"frost`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The white
particles formed by the congelation of dew; white frost.</def>
[Written also <i>horefrost</i>. See <u>Hoar</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><blockquote>He scattereth the <i>hoarfrost</i> like
ashes.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxlvii. 16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoar"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Horehound</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoar"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Hoary</u>.] <def>The state of being hoary.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoarse</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Hoarser</u> (?),
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Hoarsest</u>.] [OE. <i>hors</i>, also
<i>hos</i>, <i>has</i>, AS. <i>h&amacr;s</i>; akin to D.
<i>heesch</i>, G. <i>heiser</i>, Icel. <i>h&amacr;ss</i>, Dan.
<i>h&aelig;s</i>, Sw. <i>hes</i>.  Cf. Prov. E. <i>heazy</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a harsh, rough, grating voice or
sound, as when affected with a cold; making a rough, harsh cry or
sound; as, the <i>hoarse</i> raven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hoarse</i> resounding shore.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Harsh; grating; discordant; -- said of any
sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoarse"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a harsh,
grating sound or voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoars"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hoarsened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hoarsening</u>.] <def>To make hoarse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall be obliged to <i>hoarsen</i> my
voice.</blockquote> <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoarse"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Harshness or
roughness of voice or sound, due to mucus collected on the vocal
cords, or to swelling or looseness of the cords.</def></p>

<p><! p. 697 !></p>

<p><hw>Hoar"stone`</hw> (h&omacr;r"st&omacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A stone designating the bounds of an estate; a landmark.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoar"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>White or whitish.</def> "The <i>hoary</i> willows."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>White or gray with age; hoar; as,
<i>hoary</i> hairs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reverence the <i>hoary</i> head.</blockquote> <i>Dr.
T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Hence, <def>remote in time past; as,
<i>hoary</i> antiquity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Moldy; mossy; musty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of a pale silvery
gray.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Covered with short, dense,
grayish white hairs; canescent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hoary bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American
bat (<i>Atalapha cinerea</i>), having the hair yellowish, or brown,
tipped with white.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ho"at*zin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Hoazin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. contr. fr.
<i>hocus</i>, in <i>hocus-pocus</i>.] <def>A deception for mockery or
mischief; a deceptive trick or story; a practical joke.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoax</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hoaxed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hoaxing</u>.] <def>To deceive by a story or a trick, for sport or
mischief; to impose upon sportively.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoax"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hoaxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoa"zin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A remarkable South American bird (<i>Opisthocomus
cristatus</i>); the crested touraco. By some zo&ouml;logists it is
made the type of a distinct order (<i>Opisthocomi</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. akin to <i>hump</i>.
Cf. <u>Hub</u>. ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The hub of a wheel. See <u>Hub</u>.</def>
<i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The flat projection or iron shelf at the
side of a fire grate, where things are put to be kept warm.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A threaded and fluted
hardened steel cutter, resembling a tap, used in a lathe for forming
the teeth of screw chasers, worm wheels, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Orig. an abbrev. of
<i>Robin</i>, <i>Robert</i>; <i>Robin Goodfellow</i> a celebrated
fairy, or domestic spirit.  Cf. <u>Hobgoblin</u>, and see
<u>Robin</u>. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fairy; a sprite; an
elf.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From elves, hobs, and fairies, . . . <BR>
Defend us, good Heaven !</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp;  FL.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A countryman; a rustic; a clown.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hob"a*nob`</hw> (?), <hw>Hob"and*nob`</hw>, } <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Hobnob</u>.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hob"bism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The philosophical
system of Thomas <i>Hobbes</i>, an English materialist (1588-1679);
esp., his political theory that the most perfect form of civil
government is an absolute monarchy with despotic control over
everything relating to law, morals, and religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob"bist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who accepts
the doctrines of Thomas Hobbes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hobbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hobbling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>hobelen</i>, <i>hoblen</i>, freq. of
<i>hoppen</i> to hop; akin to D. <i>hobbelen</i>, <i>hoblen</i>,
<i>hoppeln</i>. See <u>Hop</u> to jump, and cf. <u>Hopple</u>  ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To walk lame, bearing chiefly on one leg; to
walk with a hitch or hop, or with crutches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The friar was <i>hobbling</i> the same way
too.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move roughly or irregularly; -- said of
style in writing.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hobbling</i> versification, the mean
diction.</blockquote> <i>Jeffreys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hob"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To fetter by tying the legs; to hopple; to clog.</def> " They
<i>hobbled</i> their horses."  <i>Dickens</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perplex; to embarrass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
unequal gait; a limp; a halt; as, he has a <i>hobble</i> in his
gait.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Hopple</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Difficulty; perplexity;
embarrassment.</def>  <i>Waterton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hob"ble*bush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A low bush (<i>Viburnum lantanoides</i>) having long, straggling
branches and handsome flowers. It is found in the Northern United
States. Called also <i>shinhopple</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hob"ble*de*hoy`</hw> (?), <hw>Hob"ble*te*hoy`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>hobbetyhoy</i>,
<i>hobbarddehoy</i>, <i>hobbedehoy</i>, <i>hobdehoy</i>.] [ Cf. Prob.
E. <i>hobbledygee</i> with a limping movement; also F.
<i>hobereau</i>, a country squire, E. <i>hobby</i>, and OF.
<i>hoi</i> to-day; perh. the orig. sense was, an upstart of to-day.]
<def>A youth between boy and man; an awkward, gawky young fellow
.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All the men, boys, and <i>hobbledehoys</i> attached to
the farm.</blockquote> <i>Dickens. .</i></p>

<p><hw>Hob"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hobbles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob"bler</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. also <i>hobeler</i>,
OF. <i>hobelier</i>, LL. <i>hobellarius</i>. See <u>Hobby</u> a
horse.] <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>One who by his tenure was to
maintain a horse for military service; a kind of light horseman in
the Middle Ages who was mounted on a hobby.</def>  <i>Hallam. Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hob"bling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a
limping step.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob"bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rough; uneven;
causing one to hobble; as a <i>hobbly</i> road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hobbies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>hobi</i>; cf. OF. <i>hobe</i>,
<i>hob&eacute;</i>, F. <i>hobereau</i> a hobby, a species of falcon.
OF. <i>hober</i> to move, stir.  Cf. <u>Hobby</u> a horse.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, strong-winged European falcon
(<i>Falco subbuteo</i>), formerly trained for hawking.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hob"by</hw> (?), <hw>Hob"by*horse`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hobin</i> a nag, OF. <i>hobin</i> hobby;
cf. <i>hober</i> to stir, move; prob. of German or Scand. origin; cf.
Dan. <i>hoppe</i> a mare, dial. Sw.  <i>hoppa</i>; perh. akin to E.
<i>hop</i> to jump.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A strong, active horse,
of a middle size, said to have been originally from Ireland; an
ambling nag.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stick, often with the head or figure of
a horse, on which boys make believe to ride.</def> [ Usually under
the form <i>hobbyhorse</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A subject or plan upon which one is
constantly setting off; a favorite and ever-recurring theme of
discourse, thought, or effort; that which occupies one's attention
unduly, or to the weariness of others; a ruling passion.</def>
[Usually under the form <i>hobby</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not one of them has any <i>hobbyhorse</i>, to use the
phrase of Sterne.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hob`by*hors"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or having, a hobby or whim; eccentric;
whimsical.</def>[Colloq.]  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hob"gob`lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d Hob, and
<u>Goblin</u>.] <def>A frightful goblin; an imp; a bugaboo; also, a
name formerly given to the household spirit, Robin Goodfellow.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hob"i*ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[See 2d
<u>Hobbler</u>.] <def>A light horseman. See 2d <u>Hobbler</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Brande  &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho"bit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Howitzer</u>.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small mortar on a gun carriage, in use before
the howitzer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob"nail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>hob +
nail</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short, sharp-pointed, large-
headed nail, -- used in shoeing houses and for studding the soles of
heavy shoes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A clownish person; a rustic.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hobnail liver</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a disease in
which the liver is shrunken, hard, and covered with projections like
hobnails; one of the forms of cirrhosis of the liver.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hob"nail`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tread down
roughly, as with hobnailed shoes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your rights and charters <i>hobnailed</i> into
slush.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hob"nailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See with
hobnails, as a shoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob"nob`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>habban</i>
to have + <i>habban</i> to have not; <i>ne</i> not + <i>habban</i> to
have. See <u>Have</u>, and cf. <u>Habnab</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Have or have not; -- a familiar invitation to reciprocal
drinking.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At random; hit or miss. (Obs.)</def>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hob"nob`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hornobbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hornobbing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drink familiarly (with
another).</def> [ Written also <i>hob-a-nob</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To associate familiarly; to be on intimate
terms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob"nob`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Familiar, social
intercourse.</def>  <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hob"or*nob`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hobnob</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"boy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hautboy or
oboe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hob"son's choice"</hw> (?). <def>A choice without an
alternative; the thing offered or nothing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is said to have had its origin in the name of one
<i>Hobson</i>, at Cambridge, England, who let horses, and required
every customer to take in his turn the horse which stood next the
stable door.</p>

<p><hw>Hoc"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The crested curassow; -- called also <i>royal pheasant</i>. See
<u>Curassow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoche"pot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hotchpot.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>Hoch</i>heim, in Germany.] <def>A Rhenish wine, of a light yellow
color, either sparkling or still. The name is also given
indiscriminately to all Rhenish wines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hock</hw>, <hw>Hough</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [ AS.
<i>h&?;h</i> the heel; prob. akin to Icel. <i>h&amacr;sinn</i> hock
sinew, Dan. <i>hasc</i>, G. <i>hechse</i>, <i>h&auml;chse</i>, LG.
<i>hacke</i>, D. <i>hak</i>; also to L. <i>coxa</i> hip (cf.
<u>Cuisses</u>), Skr. <i>kaksha</i> armpit. &radic;12.  Cf.
<u>Heel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The joint
in the hind limb of quadrupeds between the leg and shank, or tibia
and tarsus, and corresponding to the ankle in man.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A piece cut by butchers, esp. in pork, from
either the front or hind leg, just above the foot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The popliteal space; the ham.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To disable by cutting
the tendons of the hock; to hamstring; to hough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hock"a*more</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Hock</u>.] <def>A Rhenish wine. [Obs.] See <u>Hock</u>.</def>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hock"day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>h&omacr;cor</i> mockery, scorn.] <def>A holiday commemorating the
expulsion of the Danes, formerly observed on the second Tuesday after
Easter; -- called also <i>hocktide</i>.</def> [Eng.] [Written also
<i>hokeday</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hock"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Hook</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A game in which two
parties of players, armed with sticks curved or hooked at the end,
attempt to drive any small object (as a ball or a bit of wood) toward
opposite goals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The stick used by the players.</def>
[Written also <i>hookey</i> and <i>hawkey</i>.]
</p>

<p><hw>Hock"herb`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The mallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hockled</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hockling</u> (?).] [From 2d <u>Hock</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To hamstring; to hock; to hough.</def>  <i>Hanmer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mow, as stubble.</def>
<i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Hocus-
pocus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deceive or cheat.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adulterate; to drug; as, liquor is said
to be <i>hocused</i> for the purpose of stupefying the drinker.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stupefy with drugged liquor.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho"cus</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who cheats or deceives.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Drugged liquor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"cus-po"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. invented
by jugglers in imitation of Latin.  Cf. <u>Hoax</u>, <u>Hocus</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A term used by jugglers in pretended
incantations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A juggler or trickster.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A juggler's trick; a cheat;
nonsense.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho"cus-po"cus</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
cheat.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. for <i>hold</i>,
<i>i. e</i>., that which holds.  See <u>Hold</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A kind of wooden tray with a handle, borne on the shoulder, for
carrying mortar, brick, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A utensil for holding coal; a coal
scuttle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hod"den*gray`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Perh. akin to E.
<i>hoiden</i> rustic, clownish.] <def>Applied to coarse cloth made of
undyed wool, formerly worn by Scotch peasants.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Hod"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. for
<i>hooded</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Dun crow</i>, under
<u>Dun</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Hod"dy*dod`dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. E. also
<i>hoddypeke</i>, <i>hoddypoule</i>, <i>hoddymandoddy</i>.] <def>An
awkward or foolish person.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hodge"podge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mixed mass;
a medley. See <u>Hotchpot</u>.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hodg`kin's dis*ease"</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid
condition characterized by progressive an&aelig;mia and enlargement
of the lymphatic glands; -- first described by Dr. <i>Hodgkin</i>, an
English physician.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ho"di*ern</hw> (?), <hw>Ho`di*er"nal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hodiernus</i>, fr. <i>hodie</i> today.]
<def>Of this day; belonging to the present day.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.
Quart. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hod"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hodmen</b></plw>(&?;). <def>A man who carries a hod; a
mason's tender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hod"man*dod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Dodman</u>.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hod"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?; path +
<i>graph</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A curve described by the moving
extremity of a line the other end of which is fixed, this line being
constantly parallel to the direction of motion of, and having its
length constantly proportional to the velocity of, a point moving in
any path; -used in investigations respecting central
forces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*dom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Odometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>hoe</i>, F.
<i>houe</i>; of German origin, cf. OHG. <i>houwa</i>, <i>howa</i>, G.
<i>haue</i>, fr. OHG. <i>houwan</i> to hew. See <u>Hew</u> to cut.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tool chiefly for digging up weeds, and
arranging the earth about plants in fields and gardens. It is made of
a flat blade of iron or steel having an eye or tang by which it is
attached to a wooden handle at an acute angle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The horned or piked
dogfish. See <u>Dogfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dutch hoe</b></col>, <cd>one having the blade set for use
in the manner of a spade.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse hoe</b></col>, <cd>a
kind of cultivator.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hoe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hoeing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>houer</i>.] <def>To cut, dig, scrape,
turn, arrange, or clean, with a hoe; as, to <i>hoe</i> the earth in a
garden; also, to clear from weeds, or to loosen or arrange the earth
about, with a hoe; as, to <i>hoe</i> corn.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To hoe one's row</b></col>, <cd>to do one's share of a
job.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hoe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use a hoe; to labor
with a hoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoe"cake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cake of Indian
meal, water, and salt, baked before the fire or in the ashes; -- so
called because often cooked on a hoe.</def> [Southern U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hoe"moth`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A local Orkney
name; cf. Icel. <i>h&amacr;r</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
basking or liver shark; -- called also <i>homer</i>. See <i>Liver
shark</i>, under <u>Liver</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hogful</i>,
<i>hohful</i>, fr. <i>hogu</i> care, anxiety.] <def>Careful;
wary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Stapleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. akin to E.
<i>hack</i> to cut, and meaning orig., a castrated boar; cf. also W.
<i>hwch</i> swine, sow, Armor. <i>houc'h</i>, <i>hoc'h</i>.  Cf.
<u>Haggis</u>, <u>Hogget</u>, and <u>Hoggerel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A quadruped of the genus
<i>Sus</i>, and allied genera of <i>Suid&aelig;</i>; esp., the
domesticated varieties of <i>S. scrofa</i>, kept for their fat and
meat, called, respectively, <i>lard</i> and <i>pork</i>; swine;
porker; specifically, a castrated boar; a barrow.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The domestic hogs of Siam, China, and parts of Southern
Europe, are thought to have been derived from <i>Sus Indicus</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mean, filthy, or gluttonous
fellow.</def> [Low.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A young sheep that has not been
shorn.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rough, flat scrubbing
broom for scrubbing a ship's bottom under water.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Paper Manuf.)</i> <def>A device for mixing
and stirring the pulp of which paper is made.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bush hog</b></col>, <col><b>Ground hog</b></col>, etc..
<cd>See under <u>Bush</u>, <u>Ground</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Hog
caterpillar</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of the green
grapevine sphinx; -- so called because the head and first three
segments are much smaller than those behind them, so as to make a
resemblance to a hog's snout. See <u>Hawk moth</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hog cholera</b></col>, <cd>an epidemic contagious fever of
swine, attended by liquid, fetid, diarrhea, and by the appearance on
the skin and mucous membrane of spots and patches of a scarlet,
purple, or black color. It is fatal in from one to six days, or ends
in a slow, uncertain recovery.</cd> <i>Law (Farmer's Veter.
Adviser.)</i> -- <col><b>Hog deer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the axis deer.</cd> -- <col><b>Hog gum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>West Indian tree (<i>Symphonia globulifera</i>), yielding an
aromatic gum.</cd> -- <col><b>Hog of wool</b></col>, <cd>the trade
name for the fleece or wool of sheep of the second year.</cd> --
<col><b>Hog peanut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of earth
pea.</cd> -- <col><b>Hog plum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tropical
tree, of the genus <i>Spondias</i> (<i>S. lutea</i>), with fruit
somewhat resembling plums, but chiefly eaten by hogs. It is found in
the West Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Hog's bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the plant henbane.</cd> -- <col><b>Hog's
bread</b></col>.<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Sow bread</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hog's fennel</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Fennel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mexican hog</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the peccary.</cd> -- <col><b>Water
hog</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Capybara</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hog</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hogged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hogging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut short like bristles;
as, to <i>hog</i> the mane of a horse.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To scrub with a hog, or
scrubbing broom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
become bent upward in the middle, like a hog's back; -- said of a
ship broken or strained so as to have this form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An upward curve or very obtuse angle in the upper
surface of any member, as of a timber laid horizontally; -- the
opposite of <i>camber</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Hogframe</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A ridge formed by tilted
strata; hence, any ridge with a sharp summit, and steeply sloping
sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"chain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chain or tie
rod, in a boat or barge, to prevent the vessel from
hogging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"chok`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An American sole (<i>Achirus lineatus</i>, <i>or A.
achirus</i>), related to the European sole, but of no market
value.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"cote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shed for
swine; a sty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large West Indian and Florida food fish
(<i>Lachnol&aelig;mus</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
pigfish or sailor's choice.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An
American fresh-water fish; the log perch.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>A large, red, spiny-headed, European marine fish
(<i>Scorp&aelig;na scrofa</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"frame`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Steam
Vessels)</i> <def>A trussed frame extending fore and aft, usually
above deck, and intended to increase the longitudinal strength and
stiffness. Used chiefly in American river and lake steamers. Called
also <i>hogging frame</i>, and <i>hogback</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hogged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Broken or strained so as to have an upward curve between the
ends. See <u>Hog</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stocking without
a foot, worn by coal miners at work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"ger*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the same
source as <i>hog</i>; prob. orig., a sheep clipped the first year.
See <u>Hog</u>.] <def>A sheep of the second year. [Written also
<i>hogrel</i>.] <i>Ash</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"ger-pipe`</hw> (-p&imacr;p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>The upper terminal pipe of a mining pump.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><! p. 698 !></p>

<p><hw>Hog"ger-pump"</hw> (h&obreve;g"g&etilde;r-p&ubreve;mp`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The top pump in the
pit.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hog"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hoggish
character or manners; selfishness; greed; beastliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Crime and shame<BR>
And all their <i>hoggery</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hog"get</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See Hog, and
<u>Hoggerel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A young boar of the second
year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sheep or colt alter it has passed its
first year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Drooping at the ends; arching; -- in distinction from
<i>sagging</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hogging frame</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Hogframe</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hog"gish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Swinish;
gluttonous; filthy; selfish.</def> -- <wf>Hog"gish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Hog"gish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Is not a <i>hoggish</i> life the height of some men's
wishes?</blockquote> <i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hogh</hw> (h&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>haugr</i>
hill, mound; akin to E. <i>high</i>. See <u>High</u>.] <def>A hill; a
cliff.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hog"herd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
swineherd.</def>  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hog`ma*nay"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The old
name, in Scotland, for the last day of the year, on which children go
about singing, and receive a dole of bread or cakes; also, the
entertainment given on that day to a visitor, or the gift given to an
applicant.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Hog"nose`snake"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A harmless
North American snake of the genus <i>Heterodon</i>, esp. <i>H.
platyrhynos</i>; -- called also <i>puffing adder</i>, <i>blowing
adder</i>, and <i>sand viper</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"nut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The pignut.</def> See <u>Hickory</u>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In England, the <i>Bunium flexuosum</i>, a
tuberous plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from F.
<i>haut go&ucirc;t</i>.] <def>High flavor; strong scent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hog"pen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pen or sty for
hogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"reeve`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Reeve</u>.]
<def>A civil officer charged with the duty of impounding hogs running
at large.</def> [New Eng.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hog"ring`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who puts
rings into the snouts of hogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog's"-back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A hogback.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"score`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Curling)</i> <def>A distance line drawn across the rink or course
between the middle line and the tee.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Hogs"head</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>okshoofd</i>;
akin to Sw. <i>oxhufvud</i>, Dan. <i>oxehoved</i>, G. <i>oxhoft</i>;
apparently meaning orig., ox head, but it is not known why this name
was given.  Cf. <u>Ox</u>, <u>Head</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
English measure of capacity, containing 63 wine gallons, or about
52&frac12; imperial gallons; a half pipe.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The London hogshead of beer was 54 beer gallons, the London
hogshead of ale was 48 ale gallons. Elsewhere in England the ale and
beer hogsheads held 51 gallons. These measures are no longer in use,
except for cider.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large cask or barrel, of indefinite
contents; esp. one containing from 100 to 140 gallons.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hog"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Leather tanned
from a hog's skin. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"sty`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hogsties</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A pen, house, or inclosure,
for hogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hog"wash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Swill.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hog"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A common weed (<i>Ambrosia
artemisi&aelig;ge</i>). See <u>Ambrosia</u>, 3.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In England, the <i>Heracleum
Sphondylium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoi"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hoydon</i> a
lout, rustic, OD. <i>heyden</i> a heathen, gypsy, vagabond, D.
<i>heiden</i>, fr. OD. <i>heyde</i> heath, D. <i>heide</i>. See
<u>Heathen</u>, <u>Heath</u>.] [Written also <i>hoyden</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rude, clownish youth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rude, bold girl; a romp.</def>  <i>H.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoi"den</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rustic; rude;
bold.</def>  <i>Younq.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoi"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To romp rudely or
indecently.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoi"den*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being a hoiden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoi"den*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or
appropriate to, a hoiden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Hoist</u>.]
<def>To hoist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . <i>hoised</i> up the mainsail to the
wind.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvii. 40.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoist</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hoisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hoisting</u>.] [OE. <i>hoise</i>, <i>hyse</i>, OD. <i>hyssen</i>,
D. <i>hijshen</i>; akin to LG. <i>hissen</i>, Dan. <i>hisse</i>, Sw.
<i>hissa</i>.] <def>To raise; to lift; to elevate; esp., to raise or
lift to a desired elevation, by means of tackle, as a sail, a flag, a
heavy package or weight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They land my goods, and <i>hoist</i> my flying
sails.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hoisting</i> him into his father's
throne.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hoisting engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine for
operating a hoist.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hoist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
by which anything is hoisted; the apparatus for lifting
goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of hoisting; a lift.</def>
[Collog.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
perpendicular height of a flag, as opposed to the <i>fly</i>, or
horizontal length when flying from a staff.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The height of a fore-and-aft sail next the mast or stay.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hoist bridge</b></col>, <cd>a drawbridge that is lifted
instead of being swung or drawn aside.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hoist</hw>, <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Hoisted.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>'T is the sport to have the enginer<BR>
<i>Hoist</i> with his own petar.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoist"a*way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mechanical
lift. See <u>Elevator</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoist"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An opening for
the hoist, or elevator, in the floor of a wareroom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Gf. W. <i>hoetian</i>
to dally, dandle.] <def>To leap; to caper; to romp noisily.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoi"ty-toi`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Hoit</u>.] <def>Thoughtless; giddy; flighty; also, haughty;
patronizing; as, to be in <i>hoity-toity</i> spirits, or to assume
<i>hoity-toity</i> airs; used also as an exclamation, denoting
surprise or disapprobation, with some degree of contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hoity-toity</i>! What have I to do with
dreams?</blockquote> <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoke"day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hockday</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&omacr;cor</i>.] <def>Scorn; derision; abusive talk.</def> [Obs.]
-- <wf>Ho"ker*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Whole</u>.]
<def>Whole.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol`as*pid"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Holo-</i> +
Gr.&?;, &?;, shield.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a single series
of large scutes on the posterior side of the tarsus; -- said of
certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"cad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'olka`s</grk>, <grk>-a`dos</grk>, a ship which is towed, a ship
of burden, fr. <grk>'e`lkein</grk> to draw. Gf. <u>Hulk</u>.] <def>A
large ship of burden, in ancient Greece.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hold</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>hol</i> hole,
hollow. See <u>Hole</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The whole interior
portion of a vessel below the lower deck, in which the cargo is
stowed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hold</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Held</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Holding</u>. <u>Holden</u> (&?;), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>, is obs.
in elegant writing, though still used in legal language.] [OE.
<i>haldan</i>, D. <i>houden</i>, OHG. <i>hoten</i>, Icel.
<i>halda</i>, Dan. <i>holde</i>, Sw. <i>h&aring;lla</i>, <i>Goth</i>.
<i>haldan</i> to feed, tend (the cattle); of unknown origin. Gf.
<u>Avast</u>, <u>Halt</u>, <u>Hod</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to remain in a given situation,
position, or relation, within certain limits, or the like; to prevent
from falling or escaping; to sustain; to restrain; to keep in the
grasp; to retain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The loops <i>held</i> one curtain to
another.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxvi. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy right hand shall <i>hold</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. cxxxix. 10. </i></p>

<p><blockquote>They all <i>hold</i> swords, being expert in
war.</blockquote> <i>Cant. iii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In vain he seeks, that having can not
<i>hold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>France, thou mayst <i>hold</i> a serpent by the
tongue, . . . <BR>
A fasting tiger safer by the tooth,<BR>
Than keep in peace that hand which thou dost
<i>hold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To retain in one's keeping; to maintain
possession of, or authority over; not to give up or relinquish; to
keep; to defend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We mean to <i>hold</i> what anciently we claim<BR>
Of deity or empire.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have; to possess; to be in possession
of; to occupy; to derive title to; as, to <i>hold</i>
office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This noble merchant <i>held</i> a noble
house.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of him to <i>hold</i> his seigniory for a yearly
tribute.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And now the strand, and now the plain, they
<i>held</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To impose restraint upon; to limit in
motion or action; to bind legally or morally; to confine; to
restrain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We can not <i>hold</i> mortality's strong
hand.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Death! what do'st?  O, <i>hold</i> thy
blow.</blockquote> <i>Grashaw.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had not sufficient judgment and self-command to
<i>hold</i> his tongue.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To maintain in being or action; to carry
on; to prosecute, as a course of conduct or an argument; to continue;
to sustain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hold</i> not thy peace, and be not
still.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxxiii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Seedtime and harvest, heat and hoary frost,<BR>
Shall <i>hold</i> their course.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To prosecute, have, take, or join in, as
something which is the result of united action; as to, <i>hold</i> a
meeting, a festival, a session, etc.; hence, to direct and bring
about officially; to conduct or preside at; as, the general
<i>held</i> a council of war; a judge <i>holds</i> a court; a
clergyman <i>holds</i> a service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would <i>hold</i> more talk with thee.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To receive and retain; to contain as a
vessel; as, this pail <i>holds</i> milk; hence, to be able to receive
and retain; to have capacity or containing power for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Broken cisterns that can <i>hold</i> no
water.</blockquote> <i>Jer. ii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One sees more devils than vast hell can
<i>hold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To accept, as an opinion; to be the
adherent of, openly or privately; to persist in, as a purpose; to
maintain; to sustain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stand fast and <i>hold</i> the traditions which ye
have been taught.</blockquote> <i>2 Thes. ii.15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But still he <i>held</i> his purpose to
depart.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To consider; to regard; to esteem; to
account; to think; to judge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>hold</i> him but a fool.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall never <i>hold</i> that man my
friend.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord will not <i>hold</i> him guiltless that
taketh his name in vain.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xx. 7. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To bear, carry, or manage; as he
<i>holds</i> himself erect; he <i>holds</i> his head high.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him <i>hold</i> his fingers thus.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hold a wager</b></col>, <cd>to lay or hazard a
wager.</cd> <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>To hold forth</b></col>, <cd>to
offer; to exhibit; to propose; to put forward.</cd> "The propositions
which books <i>hold forth</i> and pretend to teach." <i>Locke.</i> --
<col><b>To held in</b></col>, <cd>to restrain; to curd.</cd> --
<col><b>To hold in hand</b></col>, <cd>to toy with; to keep in
expectation; to have in one's power.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O, fie! to receive favors, return falsehoods,<BR>
And <i>hold</i> a lady in <i>hand</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beaw. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To hold in play</b></col>, <cd>to keep under control;
to dally with.</cd> <i>Macaulay.</i> -- <col><b>To hold
off</b></col>, <cd>to keep at a distance.</cd> -- <col><b>To hold
on</b></col>, <cd>to hold in being, continuance or position; as,
<i>to hold</i> a rider <i>on</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To hold one's
day</b></col>, <cd>to keep one's appointment.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To hold one's own</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To keep good one's present condition
absolutely or relatively; not to fall off, or to lose ground; as, a
ship <i>holds her own</i> when she does not lose ground in a race or
chase; a man <i>holds his own</i> when he does not lose strength or
weight.</cd> -- <col><b>To hold one's peace</b></col>, <cd>to keep
silence.</cd>- <col><b>To hold out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To extend; to offer.</cd> "Fortune <i>holds out</i> these to you
as rewards." <i>B. Jonson.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To continue to
do or to suffer; to endure.</cd> "He can not long <i>hold out</i>
these pangs." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To hold up</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To raise; to lift; as, <i>hold up</i> your
head.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To support; to sustain.</cd> "He
<i>holds</i> himself <i>up</i> in virtue."<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To exhibit; to display; as, he was <i>held
up</i> as an example.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To rein in; to
check; to halt; as, <i>hold up</i> your horses.</cd> -- <col><b>To
hold water</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Literally, to retain
water without leaking; hence (Fig.), to be whole, sound, consistent,
without gaps or holes; -- commonly used in a negative sense; as, his
statements will not <i>hold water</i>.</cd> [Collog.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To hold the oars steady in the
water, thus checking the headway of a boat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hold</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>In general, to keep
one's self in a given position or condition; to remain fixed.
Hence:</def></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not to move; to halt; to stop; -- mostly
in the imperative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And damned be him that first cries, "<i>Hold</i>,
enough!"</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not to give way; not to part or become
separated; to remain unbroken or unsubdued.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our force by land hath nobly <i>held</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not to fail or be found wanting; to
continue; to last; to endure a test or trial; to abide; to
persist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While our obedience <i>holds</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rule <i>holds</i> in land as all other
commodities.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not to fall away, desert, or prove
recreant; to remain attached; to cleave; -- often with <i>with</i>,
<i>to</i>, or <i>for</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will <i>hold</i> to the one and despise the
other.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vi. 24</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To restrain one's self; to
refrain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His dauntless heart would fain have <i>held</i><BR>
From weeping, but his eyes rebelled.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To derive right or title; -- generally
with <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My crown is absolute, and <i>holds</i> of
none.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His imagination <i>holds</i> immediately from
nature.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hold on!</b></col> <col><b>Hold up!</b></col> <cd>wait;
stop; forbear.</cd> [Collog] -- <col><b>To hold forth</b></col>,
<cd>to speak in public; to harangue; to preach.</cd>
<i>L'Estrange.</i> -- <col><b>To hold in</b></col>, <cd>to restrain
one's self; as, he wanted to laugh and could hardly <i>hold
in</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To hold off</b></col>, <cd>to keep at a
distance.</cd> -- <col><b>To hold on</b></col>, <cd>to keep fast
hold; to continue; to go on.</cd> "The trade <i>held on</i> for many
years," <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>To hold out</b></col>, <cd>to last;
to endure; to continue; to maintain one's self; not to yield or give
way.</cd> -- <col><b>To hold over</b></col>, <cd>to remain in office,
possession, etc., beyond a certain date.</cd> -- <col><b>To hold to
or with</b></col>, <cd>to take sides with, as a person or
opinion.</cd> -- <col><b>To hold together</b></col>, <cd>to be
joined; not to separate; to remain in union.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i>
<i>Locke.</i> -- <col><b>To hold up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To support one's self; to remain unbent or unbroken; as, to
<i>hold up</i> under misfortunes.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
cease raining; to cease to stop; as, it <i>holds up</i>.</cd>
<i>Hudibras.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To keep up; not to fall
behind; not to lose ground.</cd> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hold</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of holding, as in or with the hands or arms; the manner
of holding, whether firm or loose; seizure; grasp; clasp; gripe;
possession; -- often used with the verbs <i>take</i> and
<i>lay</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ne have I not twelve pence within mine
<i>hold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou should'st lay <i>hold</i> upon him.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul took <i>hold</i> on thee.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Take fast <i>hold</i> of instruction.</blockquote>
<i>Pror. iv. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The authority or ground to take or keep;
claim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law hath yet another <i>hold</i> on
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Binding power and influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear . . . by which God and his laws take the surest
<i>hold of</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something that may be grasped; means of
support.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man be upon an high place without rails or good
<i>hold</i>, he is ready to fall.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A place of confinement; a prison;
confinement; custody; guard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . put them in <i>hold</i> unto the next
day.</blockquote> <i>Acts. iv. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>King Richard, he is in the mighty <i>hold</i><BR>
Of Bolingbroke.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A place of security; a fortified place; a
fort; a castle; -- often called a <i>stronghold</i>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>New comers in an ancient <i>hold</i></blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A character [thus &?;]
placed over or under a note or rest, and indicating that it is to be
prolonged; -- called also <i>pause</i>, and <i>corona</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hold"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Check; hindrance; restraint; obstacle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The only <i>holdback</i> is the affection . . . that
we bear to our wealth.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The projection or loop on the thill of a
vehicle. to which a strap of the harness is attached, to hold back a
carriage when going down hill, or in backing; also, the strap or part
of the harness so used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hold"er</hw>, (&?;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
employed in the hold of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hold"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, holds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who holds land, etc., under another; a
tenant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The payee of a bill of
exchange or a promissory note, or the one who owns or holds
it.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Holder</i> is much used as the second part of a
compound; as, share<i>holder</i>, office<i>holder</i>,
stock<i>holder</i>,etc.</p>

<p><hw>Hold"er-forth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
speaks in public; an haranguer; a preacher.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hold"fast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something used to secure and hold in place something else, as a
long flat-headed nail, a catch a hook, a clinch, a clamp, etc.;
hence, a support.</def> "His <i>holdfast</i> was gone."  <i>Bp.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A conical or branching body,
by which a seaweed is attached to its support, and differing from a
root in that it is not specially absorbent of moisture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hold"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or state of sustaining, grasping, or
retaining.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tenure; a farm or other estate held of
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which holds, binds, or
influences.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The burden or chorus of a song.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Holding note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a note sustained
in one part, while the other parts move.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hole</hw> (h&omacr;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Whole.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hol</i>, <i>hole</i>,
AS. <i>hol</i>, hole, cavern, from <i>hol</i>, a., <i>hollow</i>;
akin to D. <i>hol</i>, OHG. <i>hol</i>, G. <i>hohl</i>, Dan.
<i>huul</i> hollow, <i>hul</i> hole, Sw. <i>h&aring;l</i>, Icel.
<i>hola</i>; prob. from the root of AS. <i>helan</i> to conceal. See
<u>Hele</u>, <u>Hell</u>, and cf. <u>Hold</u> of a ship.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hollow place or cavity; an excavation; a
pit; an opening in or through a solid body, a fabric, etc.; a
perforation; a rent; a fissure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>holes</i> where eyes should be.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The blind walls<BR>
Were full of chinks and <i>holes</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The priest took a chest, and bored a <i>hole</i> in
the lid.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings xii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An excavation in the ground, made by an
animal to live in, or a natural cavity inhabited by an animal; hence,
a low, narrow, or dark lodging or place; a mean habitation.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The foxes have <i>holes</i>, . . . but the Son of man
hath not where to lay his head.</blockquote> <i>Luke ix. 58.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hollow; concavity; aperture; rent; fissure;
crevice; orifice; interstice; perforation; excavation; pit; cave;
den; cell.</p>

<p><col><b>Hole and corner</b></col>, <cd>clandestine,
underhand.</cd> [Colloq.] "The wretched trickery of <i>hole</i> and
<i>corner</i> buffery." <i>Dickens.</i> -- <col><b>Hole
board</b></col> <i>(Fancy Weaving)</i>, <cd>a board having holes
through which cords pass which lift certain warp threads; -- called
also <i>compass board</i>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 699 !></p>

<p><hw>Hole</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>holian</i>. See
<u>Hole</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut,
dig, or bore a hole or holes in; as, to <i>hole</i> a post for the
insertion of rails or bars.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive into a hole, as an animal, or a
billiard ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hole</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go or get into a
hole.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol*eth"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a holethnos or parent race.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>holethnic</i> history of the
Arians.</blockquote> <i>London Academy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol*eth"nos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Holo</i> + Gr.
&?; race.] <def>A parent stock or race of people, not yet divided
into separate branches or tribes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"i*but</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Halibut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"i*dam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Halidom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"i*day</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Holy</i> +
<i>day</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A consecrated day; religious
anniversary; a day set apart in honor of some person, or in
commemoration of some event. See <u>Holyday</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A day of exemption from labor; a day of
amusement and gayety; a festival day.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And young and old come forth to play<BR>
On a sunshine <i>holiday</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A day fixed by law for
suspension of business; a legal holiday.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States <i>legal holidays</i>, so called, are
determined by law, commonly by the statutes of the several States.
The holidays most generally observed are: the 22d day of February
(Washington's birthday), the 30th day of May (Memorial day), the 4th
day of July (Independence day), the 25th day of December (Christmas
day). In most of the States the 1st day of January is a holiday. When
any of these days falls on Sunday, usually the Monday following is
observed as the holiday. In many of the States a day in the spring
(as Good Friday, or the first Thursday in April), and a day in the
fall (as the last Thursday in November) are now regularly appointed
by Executive proclamation to be observed, the former as a day of
fasting and prayer, the latter as a day of thanksgiving and are kept
as holidays. In England, the days of the greater church feasts
(designated in the calendar by a red letter, and commonly called
<i>red-letter days</i>) are observed as general holidays. <i>Bank
holidays</i> are those on which, by act of Parliament, banks may
suspend business. Although Sunday is a holiday in the sense of a day
when business is legally suspended, it is not usually included in the
general term, the phrase "Sundays and holidays" being more
common.</p>

<p><col><b>The holidays</b></col>, <cd>any fixed or usual period for
relaxation or festivity; especially, Christmas and New Year's day
with the intervening time.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hol`i*day</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a festival; cheerful; joyous; gay.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Occurring rarely; adapted for a special
occasion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Courage is but a <i>holiday</i> kind of virtue, to be
seldom exercised.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Holy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Piously; with sanctity; in a holy
manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sacredly; inviolably.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&amacr;lignes</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality
of being holy; perfect moral integrity or purity; freedom from sin;
sanctity; innocence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who is like thee, glorious in
<i>holiness</i>!</blockquote> <i>Ex. xv. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being hallowed, or
consecrated to God or to his worship; sacredness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Israel was <i>holiness</i> unto the Lord.</blockquote>
<i>Jer.ii.3.</i></p>

<p><col><b>His holiness</b></col>, <cd>a title of the pope; --
formerly given also to Greek bishops and Greek emperors.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Piety; devotion; godliness; sanctity; sacredness;
righteousness.</p>

<p><hw>Hol"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hole</u> a
hollow.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Undercutting in a bed of coal, in order
to bring down the upper mass.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [F. <i>hola</i>;
<i>ho</i> ho + <i>l&agrave;</i> there, fr. L. <i>illac</i> that way,
there.  Cf. <u>Hollo</u>.] <def>Hollo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"la</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hollaed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp;  vb.  n.</i></pos>
<u>Hollaing</u>.] <def>See <u>Hollo</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of linen
first manufactured in Holland; a linen fabric used for window shades,
children's garments, etc.; as, brown or unbleached
<i>hollands</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native or one of the people of Holland; a Dutchman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A very hard, semi-glazed, green or dark
brown brick, which will not absorb water; -- called also, <i>Dutch
clinker</i>.</def>  <i>Wagner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"land*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
Holland; Dutch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"lands</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Gin made in Holland.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>See <u>Holland</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol*lo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj. &amp; n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Halloo</u>, and cf. <u>Holla</u>.] <def>Ho there; stop; attend;
hence, a loud cry or a call to attract attention; a halloo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And every day, for food or play,<BR>
Came to the mariner's <i>hollo</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Holloed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Holloing</u>.] [See <u>Hollo</u>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Halloo</u>.] <def>To call out or exclaim; to halloo.  This
form is now mostly replaced by <u>hello</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol*loa"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.
i.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Hollo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>holow</i>,
<i>holgh</i>, <i>holf</i>, AS. <i>holh</i> a hollow, hole.  Cf.
<u>Hole</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having an empty space or
cavity, natural or artificial, within a solid substance; not solid;
excavated in the interior; as, a <i>hollow</i> tree; a <i>hollow</i>
sphere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hollow</i> with boards shalt thou make
it.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxvii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Depressed; concave; gaunt;
sunken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>hollow</i> eye and wrinkled brow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Reverberated from a cavity, or resembling
such a sound; deep; muffled; as, a <i>hollow</i> roar.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not sincere or faithful; false; deceitful;
not sound; as, a <i>hollow</i> heart; a <i>hollow</i> friend.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hollow newel</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an opening in
the center of a winding staircase in place of a newel post, the
stairs being supported by the wall; an open newel; also, the
stringpiece or rail winding around the well of such a staircase.</cd>
-- <col><b>Hollow quoin</b></col> <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>a pier of
stone or brick made behind the lock gates of a canal, and containing
a hollow or recess to receive the ends of the gates.</cd> --
<col><b>Hollow root</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Moschatel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hollow square</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Square</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hollow ware</b></col>, <cd>hollow
vessels; -- a trade name for cast-iron kitchen utensils, earthenware,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b>- Concave; sunken; low; vacant; empty; void; false;
faithless; deceitful; treacherous.</p>

<p><hw>Hol"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cavity, natural or artificial; an unfilled space within
anything; a hole, a cavern; an excavation; as the <i>hollow</i> of
the hand or of a tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A low spot surrounded by elevations; a
depressed part of a surface; a concavity; a channel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forests grew<BR>
Upon the barren <i>hollows</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I hate the dreadful <i>hollow</i> behind the little
wood.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hollowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hollowing</u>.] <def>To make hollow, as by digging, cutting, or
engraving; to excavate.</def> "Trees rudely <i>hollowed</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"low</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Wholly; completely;
utterly; -- chiefly after the verb <i>to beat</i>, and often with
<i>all</i>; as, this story beats the other all <i>hollow</i>. See
<u>All</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></def> [Collog.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The more civilized so-called Caucasian races have
beaten the Turks <i>hollow</i> in the struggle for
existence.</blockquote> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol*low"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hollo</u>.] <def>Hollo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shout; to
hollo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whisperings and <i>hollowings</i> are alike to a deaf
ear.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To urge or call by
shouting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has <i>hollowed</i> the hounds.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott. </i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"low-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Insincere; deceitful; not sound and true; having a cavity or
decayed spot within.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Faithless; dishonest; false; treacherous.</p>

<p><hw>Hol"low-horned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having permanent horns with a bony core, as
cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"low*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Insincerely;
deceitfully.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"low*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>State of being hollow.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Insincerity; unsoundness; treachery.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Wholly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"ly</hw> (h&obreve;l"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE
<i>holi</i>, <i>holin</i>, AS. <i>holen</i>, <i>holegn</i>; akin to
D. &amp; G. <i>hulst</i>, OHG. <i>huls hulis</i>, W. <i>celyn</i>, Armor.
<i>kelen</i>, Gael. <i>cuilionn</i>, Ir. <i>cuileann</i>.  Cf. 1st
<u>Holm</u>, <u>Hulver</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
tree or shrub of the genus <i>Ilex</i>. The European species (<i>Ilex
Aquifolium</i>) is best known, having glossy green leaves, with a
spiny, waved edge, and bearing berries that turn red or yellow about
Michaelmas.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>holly</i> is much used to adorn churches and houses,
at Christmas time, and hence is associated with scenes of good will
and rejoicing. It is an evergreen tree, and has a finegrained, heavy,
white wood. Its bark is used as a febrifuge, and the berries are
violently purgative and emetic. The American holly is the <i>Ilex
opaca</i>, and is found along the coast of the United States, from
Maine southward.  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The holm oak. See 1st
<u>Holm</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Holly-leaved oak</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the black
scrub oak. See <u>Scrub oak</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Holly rose</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian shrub, with showy, yellow flowers
(<i>Turnera ulmifolia</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Sea holly</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of Eryngium. See
<u>Eryngium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hol"ly*hock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>holihoc</i>; <i>holi holy + hoc</i> mallow, AS. <i>hoc</i>; cf. W.
<i>hocys</i> mallows, <i>hocys bendigaid</i> hollyhock, lit., blessed
mallow. Prob. so named because brought from the Holy Land. See
<u>Holy</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of Alth&aelig;a (<i>A.
rosea</i>), bearing flowers of various colors; -- called also <i>rose
mallow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Holm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., prob. from AS.
<i>holen</i> holly; as the holly is also called <i>holm</i>.  See
<u>Holly</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A common evergreen oak, of Europe
(<i>Quercus Ilex</i>); -- called also <i>ilex</i>, and
<i>holly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Holm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>holm</i>, usually
meaning, sea, water; akin to Icel. <i>h&omacr;lmr</i>, <i>holmr</i>,
an island, Dan. <i>holm</i>, Sw. <i>holme</i>, G. <i>holm</i>, and
prob. to E. <i>hill</i>.  Cf. <u>Hill</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An islet in a river.</def>  <i>J.
Brand.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Low, flat land.</def>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The soft wind blowing over meadowy
<i>holms</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Holm thrush</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the missel
thrush.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Hol"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An oxide of holmium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hol"mi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., of uncertain
origin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare element said to be contained in
gadolinite.</def> -- <wf>Hol"mic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Hol"mos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.&?;.]
<i>(Greek &amp; Etrus. Antiq.)</i> <def>A name given to a vase having a
rounded body</def>; esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A closed vessel of
nearly spherical form on a high stem or pedestal.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A drinking cup having a
foot and stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"o-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form fr. Gr.
<grk>"o`los</grk> whole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"o*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Holo</i> + <i>-
blast</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>an ovum composed entirely of germinal
matter. See <u>Meroblast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*blas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Undergoing complete segmentation; composed entirely of germinal
matter, the whole of the yolk undergoing fission; -- opposed to
<i>meroblastic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"o*caust</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>holocaustum</i>, Gr. &?;, neut. of &?;, &?;, burnt whole;
<grk>"o'los</grk> whole + <grk>kaysto`s</grk> burnt, fr.
<grk>kai`ein</grk> to burn (cf. <u>Caustic</u>): cf. F.
<i>holocauste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A burnt sacrifice; an
offering, the whole of which was consumed by fire, among the Jews and
some pagan nations.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sacrifice or loss of many lives, as by the
burning of a theater or a ship. [An extended use not authorized by
careful writers.]</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hol`o*ceph"a*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>"o`los</grk> whole + <grk>kefalh`</grk> head.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of elasmobranch fishes, including,
among living species, only the chim&aelig;ras; -- called also
<i>Holocephala</i>. See <u>Chim&aelig;ra</u>; also
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*cryp"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Holo-</i> +
Gr. <grk>kry`ptein</grk> to conceal.] <def>Wholly or completely
concealing; incapable of being deciphered.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Holocryptic cipher</b></col>, <cd>a cipher so constructed
as to afford no clew to its meaning to one ignorant of the
key.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*crys"tal*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Holo</i> + <i>crystalline</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Completely
crystalline; -- said of a rock like granite, all the constituents of
which are crystalline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>holographus</i> entirely autograph, Gr. <grk>"olo`grafos</grk>;
<grk>"o`los</grk> whole + <grk>gra`fein</grk> to write: cf. F.
<i>holographe</i>, <i>olographe</i>.] <def>A document, as a letter,
deed, or will, wholly in the handwriting of the person from whom it
proceeds and whose act it purports to be.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of a holograph; pertaining to holographs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Holo-</i> +
Gr. &?; seat, base, fr. &?; to sit.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Having
all the planes required by complete symmetry, -- in opposition to
<i>hemihedral</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*hem`i*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Holo-
</i> + <i>hemihedral</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Presenting
hemihedral forms, in which all the sectants have halt the whole
number of planes.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hol`o*me*tab"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Holo-</u>, and <u>Metabola</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Those insects which have a complete metamorphosis;
metabola.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*met`a*bol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a complete metamorphosis; -- said of
certain insects, as the butterflies and bees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*lom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Holo</i> +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>holometre</i>.] <def>An instrument for
making all kinds of angular measurements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*phan"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Holo</i>
+ Gr. &?; visible, fr. &?; to appear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Holometabolic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*pho"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Holo</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, light.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Causing no loss of light; --
applied to reflectors which throw back the rays of light without
perceptible loss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"o*phote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lamp with
lenses or reflectors to collect the rays of light and throw them in a
given direction; -- used in lighthouses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*phras"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Holo</i> +
Gr. &?; to speak: cf. F. <i>holophrastique</i>.] <def>Expressing a
phrase or sentence in a single word, -- as is the case in the
aboriginal languages of America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*phyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Holo</i> +
Gr.&?; a plant.] <def>Wholly or distinctively vegetable.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Holophytic nutrition</b></col> (&?;), <cd>that form of
nutrition, characteristic of vegetable organisms, in which carbonic
acid, ammonia, and nitrates are absorbed as food, in distinction from
the animal mode of nutrition, by the ingestion of albuminous
matter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*rhi"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Holo</i> +
Gr.&?;, nose.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the nasal bones
contiguous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*sid"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Holo</i> +
<i>siderite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Meteoric iron; a meteorite
consisting of metallic iron without stony matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*los"te*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Holostei.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ho*los"te*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"o`los</grk> whole + &?; a bone.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
extensive division of ganoids, including the gar pike, bowfin, etc.;
the bony ganoids. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*ster"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Holo</i> +
Gr.<grk>stereo`s</grk> solid.] <def>Wholly solid; -- said of a
barometer constructed of solid materials to show the variations of
atmospheric pressure without the use of liquids, as the
aneroid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hol`o*stom"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"o`los</grk> whole + <grk>sto`ma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>,
mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An artificial division of
gastropods, including those that have an entire aperture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*los"to*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Holostomatous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*stom"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having an entire aperture; -- said of many
univalve shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"o*stome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Holo</i> + Gr.
<grk>sto`ma</grk> mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Holostomata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ho*los"tra*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"o`los</grk> whole + &?; shell of a testacean.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of phyllopod Crustacea, including
those that are entirely covered by a bivalve shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"o*thure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>holothuria</i>, pl., a sort of water polyp, Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A holothurian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol`o*thu"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Holothurioidea.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Holothurioidea.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some of the species of Holothurians are called <i>sea
cucumbers</i>, <i>sea slugs</i>, <i>trepang</i>, and <i>b&ecirc;che
de m&egrave;r</i>. Many are used as food, esp. by the Chinese. See
<u>Trepang</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Hol`o*thu`ri*oi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Holothure</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of the classes of echinoderms.</def> They have a more or less
elongated body, often flattened beneath, and a circle of tentacles,
which are usually much branched, surrounding the mouth; the skin is
more or less flexible, and usually contains calcareous plates of
various characteristic forms, sometimes becoming large and scalelike.
Most of the species have five bands (ambulacra) of sucker-bearing
feet along the sides; in others these are lacking. In one group
(Pneumonophora) two branching internal gills are developed; in
another (Apneumona) these are wanting. Called also
<i>Holothurida</i>, <i>Holothuridea</i>, and
<i>Holothuroidea</i>.</p>

<p><! p. 700 !></p>

<p><hw>||||Ho*lot"ri*cha</hw> (h&osl;*l&obreve;t"r&ibreve;*k&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"o`los</grk> whole +
<grk>qri`x</grk>, <grk>tricho`s</grk>, a hair.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A group of ciliated Infusoria, having cilia all over the
body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"our</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>holier</i>.]
<def>A whoremonger.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Holp</hw> (?), <hw>Hol"pen</hw> (?), } <def><pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Help</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"som</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wholesome.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>holster</i>;
skin to AS. <i>heolstor</i> den, cave, fr. <i>helan</i> to conceal,
and to Icel. <i>hulstr</i> case, Goth. <i>hulistr</i> covering, veil,
<i>huljan</i> to cover. &radic;17. See <u>Hele</u> to cover,
<u>Hell</u>, and cf. <u>Housing</u>, <u>Houss</u>.] <def>A leather
case for a pistol, carried by a horseman at the bow of his
saddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"stered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing
holsters.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Holt</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Hold</u>, contr. from <i>holdeth</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Holt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>holt</i>; akin to LG.
<i>holt</i>, D. <i>hout</i>, G. <i>holz</i>. Icel. <i>holt</i>; cf
Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>coill</i> wood, Gr. &?; branch, shoot.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of woodland; especially, a woody
hill.</def> "Every <i>holt</i> and heath."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She sent her voice though all the holt<BR>
Before her, and the park.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A deep hole in a river where there is
protection for fish; also, a cover, a hole, or hiding place.</def> "
The fox has gone to <i>holt</i>."  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"we</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hollow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Holier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Holiest</u>.] [OE. <i>holi</i>,
<i>hali</i>, AS. <i>h&amacr;lig</i>, fr. <i>h&aelig;l</i> health,
salvation, happiness, fr. <i>h&amacr;l</i> whole, well; akin to OS.
<i>h&?;lag</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>heilig</i>, OHG. <i>heilac</i>, Dan.
<i>hellig</i>, Sw. <i>helig</i>, Icel. <i>heilagr</i>. See
<u>Whole</u>, and cf. <u>Halibut</u>, <u>Halidom</u>, <u>Hallow</u>,
<u>Hollyhock</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Set apart to the service
or worship of God; hallowed; sacred; reserved from profane or common
use; <i>holy</i> vessels; a <i>holy</i> priesthood.</def>
"<i>Holy</i> rites and solemn feasts."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spiritually whole or sound; of unimpaired
innocence and virtue; free from sinful affections; pure in heart;
godly; pious; irreproachable; guiltless; acceptable to God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now through her round of <i>holy</i> thought<BR>
The Church our annual steps has brought.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Holy Alliance</b></col> <i>(Hist.)</i>, <cd>a league
ostensibly for conserving religion, justice, and peace in Europe, but
really for repressing popular tendencies toward constitutional
government, entered into by Alexander I. of Russia, Francis I. of
Austria, and Frederic William III. of Prussia, at Paris, on the 26th
of September, 1815, and subsequently joined by all the sovereigns of
Europe, except the pope and the king of England.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy
bark</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Cascara sagrada</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy
Communion</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Eucharist</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy
family</b></col> <i>(Art)</i>, <cd>a picture in which the infant
Christ, his parents, and others of his family are represented.</cd> -
- <col><b>Holy Father</b></col>, <cd>a title of the pope.</cd> --
<col><b>Holy Ghost</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>,<cd>the third person of
the Trinity; the Comforter; the Paraclete.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy
Grail</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Grail</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a sweet-scented grass
(<i>Hierochloa borealis</i> and <i>H. alpina</i>). In the north of
Europe it was formerly strewed before church doors on saints' days;
whence the name. It is common in the northern and western parts of
the United States. Called also <i>vanilla, or Seneca, grass</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Holy Innocents' day</b></col>, <cd>Childermas day.</cd> --
<col><b>Holy Land</b></col>, <cd>Palestine, the birthplace of
Christianity.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy office</b></col>, <cd>the
Inquisition.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy of holies</b></col>
<i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>the innermost apartment of the Jewish
tabernacle or temple, where the ark was kept, and where no person
entered, except the high priest once a year.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy
One</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The Supreme Being; -- so
called by way of emphasis.</cd> " The <i>Holy One</i> of Israel."
<i>Is. xliii. 14.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>One separated to the
service of God.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy orders</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Order</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy rood</b></col>, <cd>the cross or
crucifix, particularly one placed, in churches. over the entrance to
the chancel.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy rope</b></col>, <cd>a plant, the
hemp agrimony.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy Saturday</b></col>
<i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the Saturday immediately preceding the festival
of Easter; the vigil of Easter.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy
Spirit</b></col>, <cd>same as <i>Holy Ghost</i> (above).</cd> --
<col><b>Holy Spirit plant</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Dove plant</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Holy thistle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the blessed
thistle. See under <u>Thistle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy
Thursday</b></col>. <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Episcopal
Ch.)</i> <cd>Ascension day.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <cd>The Thursday in Holy Week; Maundy Thursday.</cd> --
<col><b>Holy war</b></col>, <cd>a crusade; an expedition carried on
by Christians against the Saracens in the Holy Land, in the eleventh,
twelfth, and thirteenth centuries, for the possession of the holy
places.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy water</b></col> <i>(Gr. &amp; R. C.
Churches)</i>, <cd>water which has been blessed by the priest for
sacred purposes.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy-water stoup</b></col>, <cd>the
stone stoup or font placed near the entrance of a church, as a
receptacle for holy water.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy Week</b></col>
<i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the week before Easter, in which the passion of
our Savior is commemorated.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy writ</b></col>,
<cd>the sacred Scriptures.</cd> " Word of <i>holy writ</i>."
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho"ly cross"</hw> (?; 115). <def>The cross as the symbol of
Christ's crucifixion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Congregation of the Holy Cross</b></col> <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i>, <cd>a community of lay brothers and priests, in France and
the United States, engaged chiefly in teaching and manual Labor.
Originally called <i>Brethren of St. Joseph</i>. The <i>Sisters of
the Holy Cross</i> engage in similar work.</cd> <i>Addis &
Arnold.</i> -- <col><b>Holy-cross day</b></col>, <cd>the fourteenth
of September, observed as a church festival, in memory of the
exaltation of our Savior's cross.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ho"ly*day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A religious festival.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A secular festival; a holiday.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Holiday</i> is the preferable and prevailing spelling in
the second sense. The spelling <i>holy day or holyday</i> in often
used in the first sense.</p>

<p><hw>Ho"ly*stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A stone used by seamen for scrubbing the decks of ships.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho"ly*stone`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To scrub with a holystone, as the deck of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom"a*canth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo</i> +
<i>Gr</i>. <i>&?;</i> a spine.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the
dorsal fin spines symmetrical, and in the same line; -- said of
certain fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>homage</i>,
<i>homenage</i>, F. <i>hommage</i>, LL. <i>hominaticum</i>,
<i>homenaticum</i>, from L. <i>homo</i> a man, LL. also, a client,
servant, vassal; akin to L. <i>humus</i> earth, Gr.&?; on the ground,
and E. <i>groom</i> in bride<i>groom</i>.  Cf. <u>Bridegroom</u>,
<u>Human</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Feud. Law)</i> <def>A
symbolical acknowledgment made by a feudal tenant to, and in the
presence of, his lord, on receiving investiture of fee, or coming to
it by succession, that he was his <i>man</i>, or vassal; profession
of fealty to a sovereign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Respect or reverential regard; deference;
especially, respect paid by external action; obeisance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All things in heaven and earth do her [Law]
<i>homage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I sought no <i>homage</i> from the race that
write.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Reverence directed to the Supreme Being;
reverential worship; devout affection.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fealty; submission; reverence; honor; respect.  --
<u>Homage</u>, <u>Fealty</u>.  <i>Homage</i> was originally the act
of a feudal tenant by which he declared himself, on his knees, to be
the <i>hommage</i> or bondman of the lord; hence the term is used to
denote reverential submission or respect. <i>Fealty</i> was
originally the <i>fidelity</i> of such a tenant to his lord, and
hence the term denotes a faithful and solemn adherence to the
obligations we owe to superior power or authority. We pay our
<i>homage</i> to men of pre&euml;minent usefulness and virtue, and
profess our <i>fealty</i> to the principles by which they have been
guided.</p>

<p><blockquote>Go, go with <i>homage</i> yon proud victors meet !<BR>
Go, lie like dogs beneath your masters' feet !</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man, disobeying,<BR>
Disloyal, breaks his <i>fealty</i>, and sins<BR>
Against the high supremacy of heaven.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hom"age</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Homaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Homaging</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>hommager</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pay reverence to by external action.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to pay homage.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hom"age*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>hommageable</i>.] <def>Subject to homage.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hom"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Homage</u>:
cf. F. <i>hommager</i>.] <def>One who does homage, or holds land of
another by homage; a vassal.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hom`a*lo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Homolographic</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hom"a*loid</hw> (h&obreve;m"&adot;*loid),
<hw>Hom`a*loid"al</hw> (-loid"<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"omalo`s</grk> even + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Flat;
even; -- a term applied to surfaces and to spaces, whether real or
imagined, in which the definitions, axioms, and postulates of Euclid
respecting parallel straight lines are assumed to hold
true.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hom"a*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"omarh`s</grk> well adjusted.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus
of decapod Crustacea, including the common lobsters.</def> --
<wf>Hom"a*roid</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mat"ro*pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
<i>atropine</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An alkaloid, prepared from
atropine, and from other sources. It is chemically related to
atropine, and is used for the same purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom`ax*o"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
<i>Gr</i>. <i>&?;</i> an axle, axis.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Relating to
that kind of homology or symmetry, the mathematical conception of
organic form, in which all axes are equal. See under
<u>Promorphology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Home</hw> (h&omacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Homelyn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Home</hw> (110), [OE. <i>hom</i>, <i>ham</i>, AS.
<i>h&amacr;m</i>; akin to OS. <i>h&emacr;m</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>heim</i>,
Sw. <i>hem</i>, Dan. <i>hiem</i>, Icel. <i>heimr</i> abode, world,
<i>heima</i> home, Goth. <i>haims</i> village, Lith.
<i>k&euml;mas</i>, and perh. to Gr. <grk>kw`mh</grk> village, or to
E. <i>hind</i> a peasant; cf. Skr.<i>ksh&emacr;ma</i> abode, place of
rest, security, <i>kshi</i> to dwell. &radic;20, 220.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One's own dwelling place; the house in which
one lives; esp., the house in which one lives with his family; the
habitual abode of one's family; also, one's birthplace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The disciples went away again to their own
<i>home</i>.</blockquote> <i>John xx. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Home</i> is the sacred refuge of our
life.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Home</i>! <i>home</i>! sweet, sweet
<i>home</i>!<BR>
There's no place like <i>home</i>.</blockquote> <i>Payne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One's native land; the place or country in
which one dwells; the place where one's ancestors dwell or
dwelt.</def> "Our old <i>home</i> [England]."  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The abiding place of the affections,
especially of the domestic affections.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He entered in his house -- his <i>home</i> no
more,<BR>
For without hearts there is no <i>home</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The locality where a thing is usually
found, or was first found, or where it is naturally abundant;
habitat; seat; as, the <i>home</i> of the pine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her eyes are <i>homes</i> of silent
prayer.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Flandria, by plenty made the <i>home</i> of
war.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A place of refuge and rest; an asylum; as,
a <i>home</i> for outcasts; a <i>home</i> for the blind; hence, esp.,
the grave; the final rest; also, the native and eternal dwelling
place of the soul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man goeth to his long <i>home</i>, and the mourners go
about the streets.</blockquote> <i>Eccl. xii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>The home base; he
started for <i>home</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At home</b></col>.<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>At one's own
house, or lodgings.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In one's own town or
country; as, peace abroad and <i>at home</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Prepared to receive callers.</cd> --
<col><b>Home department</b></col>, <cd>the department of executive
administration, by which the internal affairs of a country are
managed.</cd> [Eng.] <col><b>To be at home on any subject</b></col>,
<cd>to be conversant or familiar with it.</cd> -- <col><b>To feel at
home</b></col>, <cd>to be at one's ease.</cd> -- <col><b>To make
one's self at home</b></col>, <cd>to conduct one's self with as much
freedom as if at home.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tenement; house; dwelling; abode; domicile.</p>

<p><hw>Home</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to one's dwelling or country; domestic; not foreign; as
<i>home</i> manufactures; <i>home</i> comforts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Close; personal; pointed; as, a
<i>home</i> thrust.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Home base</b></col> <i>(Baseball)</i>, <cd>the base at
which the batsman stands and which is the last goal in making a
run.</cd> -- <col><b>Home farm</b></col>, <col><b>grounds</b></col>,
etc., <cd>the farm, grounds, etc., adjacent to the residence of the
owner.</cd> -- <col><b>Home lot</b></col>, <cd>an inclosed plot on
which the owner's home stands.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>Home
rule</b></col>, <cd>rule or government of an appendent or dependent
country, as to all local and internal legislation, by means of a
governing power vested in the people within the country itself, in
contradistinction to a government established by the dominant
country; as, <i>home rule</i> in Ireland. Also used adjectively; as,
<i>home-rule</i> members of Parliament.</cd> -- <col><b>Home
ruler</b></col>, <cd>one who favors or advocates home rule.</cd> --
<col><b>Home run</b></col> <i>(Baseball)</i>, <cd>a complete circuit
of the bases made before the batted ball is returned to the home
base.</cd> -- <col><b>Home stretch</b></col> <i>(Sport.)</i>,
<cd>that part of a race course between the last curve and the winning
post.</cd> -- <col><b>Home thrust</b></col>, <cd>a well directed or
effective thrust; one that wounds in a vital part; hence, in
controversy, a personal attack.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Home</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
one's home or country; as in the phrases, go <i>home</i>, come
<i>home</i>, carry <i>home</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Close; closely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>home</i> the charge reaches us, has been made
out.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They come <i>home</i> to men's business and
bosoms.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To the place where it belongs; to the end
of a course; to the full length; as, to drive a nail <i>home</i>; to
ram a cartridge <i>home</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wear thy good rapier bare and put it
<i>home</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Home</i> is often used in the formation of compound
words, many of which need no special definition; as, <i>home</i>-
brewed, <i>home</i>-built, <i>home-grown</i>, <i>etc.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To bring home</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bring</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>To come home</b></col>.<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To touch or
affect personally. See under <u>Come</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To drag toward the vessel, instead of holding
firm, as the cable is shortened; -- said of an anchor.</cd> --
<col><b>To haul home the sheets of a sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to haul the clews close to the sheave hole.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"born`</hw> (h&omacr;m"b&ocirc;rn`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Native; indigenous; not foreign.</def>
<i>Donne.</i> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the home or
family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fireside enjoyments, <i>homeborn</i>
happiness.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"-bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Kept at
home.</def></p>

<p><hw>Home"-bred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bred at home; domestic; not foreign.</def> " <i>Home-bred</i>
mischief."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Benignity and <i>home-bred</i> sense.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not polished; rude;
uncultivated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Only to me <i>home-bred</i> youths
belong.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"-com`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Return
home.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kepeth this child, al be it foul or fayr,<BR>
And eek my wyf, unto myn <i>hoom-cominge</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"-driv`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Driven to
the end, as a nail; driven close.</def></p>

<p><hw>Home"-dwell`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Keeping at
home.</def></p>

<p><hw>Home"-felt`</hw> (-f&ebreve;lt`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Felt in one's own breast; inward; private.</def> "<i>Home-
felt</i> quiet."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"field`</hw> (-f&emacr;ld`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
field adjacent to its owner's home.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"-keep`ing</hw> (-k&emacr;p`&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Staying at home; not gadding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Home-keeping</i> youth have ever homely
wits.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"-keep`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A staying at
home.</def></p>

<p><hw>Home"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&amacr;mleas</i>.] <def>Destitute of a home.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Home"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Home"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a home;
comfortable; cheerful; cozy; friendly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Home"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Plainly;
inelegantly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Home"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Homely</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Domesticity; care of home.</def> [Obs.]
"Wifely <i>homeliness</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Familiarity; intimacy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Plainness; want of elegance or
beauty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Coarseness; simplicity; want of
refinement; as, the <i>homeliness</i> of manners, or language.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person or
thing belonging to a home or to a particular country; a native; as, a
word which is a <i>homeling</i>.</def>  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Homelier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Homeliest</u>.]
[From <u>Home</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to, or having the characteristics of, home; domestic;
familiar; intimate.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>With all these men I was right <i>homely</i>, and
communed with, them long and oft.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>homely</i> joys, and destiny
obscure.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plain; unpretending; rude in appearance;
unpolished; as, a <i>homely</i> garment; a <i>homely</i> house;
<i>homely</i> fare; <i>homely</i> manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now Strephon daily entertains<BR>
His Chloe in the <i>homeliest</i> strains.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of plain or coarse features; uncomely; --
contrary to <i>handsome</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>None so <i>homely</i> but loves a looking-
glass.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Plainly; rudely;
coarsely; as, <i>homely</i> dressed.</def> [R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"lyn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.
<i>hommelin</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>The European sand ray
(<i>Raia maculata</i>); -- called also <i>home</i>, <i>mirror
ray</i>, and <i>rough ray</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Home"made`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made at home;
of domestic manufacture; made either in a private family or in one's
own country.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho"me*o*path</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hom</i>&eacute;<i>opathe</i>.] <def>A practitioner of
homeopathy.</def> [Written also <i>hom&oelig;opath</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 701 !></p>

<p><hw>Ho`me*o*path"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hom&eacute;opathique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to homeopathy;
according to the principles of homeopathy.</def> [Also
<i>hom&oelig;pathic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ho`me*o*path"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>According to the practice of homeopathy.</def> [Also
<i>hom&oelig;opathically</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ho`me*op"a*thist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
believer in, or practitioner of, homeopathy.</def> [Written also
<i>hom&oelig;opathist</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ho*me*op"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
likeness of condition or feeling; &?; like (fr. &?; same; cf.
<u>Same</u>) + &?; to suffer: cf. F. <i>hom&eacute;opathie</i>. See
<u>Pathos</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The art of curing, founded on
resemblances; the theory and its practice that disease is cured
(<i>tuto</i>, <i>cito</i>, <i>et jucunde</i>) by remedies which
produce on a healthy person effects similar to the symptoms of the
complaint under which the patient suffers, the remedies being usually
administered in minute doses. This system was founded by Dr. Samuel
Hahnemann, and is opposed to <i>allopathy</i>, or
<i>heteropathy</i>.</def> [Written also <i>hom&oelig;opathy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hom"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A carrier pigeon remarkable for its ability to return home from
a distance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Hoemother</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>kh&omacr;mer</i>.]
<def>A Hebrew measure containing, as a liquid measure, ten baths,
equivalent to fifty-five gallons, two quarts, one pint; and, as a dry
measure, ten ephahs, equivalent to six bushels, two pecks, four
quarts.</def> [Written also <i>chomer</i>, <i>gomer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ho*mer"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Homericus</i>,
Gr. <grk>"Omhriko`s</grk>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Homer, the most
famous of Greek poets; resembling the poetry of Homer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Homeric verse</b></col>, <cd>hexameter verse; -- so called
because used by Homer in his epics.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Home"sick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pining for
home; in a nostalgic condition.</def> -- <wf>Home"sick`ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Home"-speak`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Direct,
forcible, and effective speaking.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"spun</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Spun or wrought at home; of domestic manufacture; coarse;
plain.</def> "<i>Homespun</i> country garbs."  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plain in manner or style; not elegant;
rude; coarse.</def>  "Our <i>homespun</i> English proverb."
<i>Dryden.</i> "Our <i>homespun</i> authors." <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"spun</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cloth made at home; as, he was dressed in
<i>homespun</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unpolished, rustic person.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"stall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&amacr;msteall</i>.] <def>Place of a home; homestead.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Home"stead</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&amacr;mstede</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The home place; a
home and the inclosure or ground immediately connected with it.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The home or seat of a family; place of
origin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We can trace them back to a <i>homestead</i> on the
Rivers Volga and Ural.</blockquote> <i>W. Tooke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The home and appurtenant land
and buildings owned by the head of a family, and occupied by him and
his family.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Homestead law</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A law
conferring special privileges or exemptions upon owners of
homesteads; esp., a law exempting a homestead from attachment or sale
under execution for general debts. Such laws, with limitations as to
the extent or value of the property, exist in most of the States.
Called also <i>homestead exemption law</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Also, a designation of an Act of Congress authorizing and
regulating the sale of public lands, in parcels of 160 acres each, to
actual settlers.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Home"stead*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has
entered upon a portion of the public land with the purpose of
acquiring ownership of it under provisions of the homestead law, so
called; one who has acquired a homestead in this manner.</def>
[Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Home"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in the
direction of home; as, the <i>homeward</i> way.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Home"ward</hw> (?), <hw>Home"wards</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>h&amacr;mweard</i>.] <def>Toward home;
in the direction of one's house, town, or country.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Homeward bound</b></col>, <cd>bound for home; going
homeward; as, the <i>homeward bound</i> fleet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hom"i*ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
homicide; tending to homicide; murderous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>homicidium</i>, fr. <i>homicida</i> a man slayer; <i>homo</i> man
+ <i>caedere</i> to cut, kill. See <u>Homage</u>, and cf.
<u>Concise</u>, <u>Shed</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The killing of one human being by
another.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Homicide</i> is of three kinds: <i>justifiable</i>, as
when the killing is performed in the exercise of a right or
performance of a duty; <i>excusable</i>, as when done, although not
as duty or right, yet without culpable or criminal intent; and
<i>felonious</i>, or involving what the law terms malice; the latter
may be either manslaughter or murder. <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who kills another; a manslayer.</def>
<i>Chaucer. Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hom"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>homo</i> man
+ <i>-form</i>.] <def>In human form.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hom"i*lete</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
homilist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hom`i*let"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hom`i*let"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>homil&eacute;tique</i>. See
<u>Homily</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to familiar
intercourse; social; affable; conversable; companionable.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His virtues active, chiefly, and <i>homiletical</i>,
not those lazy, sullen ones of the cloister.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to homiletics;
hortatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom`i*let"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>homil&eacute;tique</i>.] <def>The art of preaching; that branch of
theology which treats of homilies or sermons, and the best method of
preparing and delivering them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom"i*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
prepares homilies; one who preaches to a congregation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom"i*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; to be
in company with.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A borosilicate of iron and lime,
near datolite in form and composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Homilies</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>homilia</i>, Gr. &?;
communion, assembly, converse, sermon, fr. &?; an assembly, fr. &?;
same; cf. &?; together, and &?; crowd, cf. &?; to press: cf. F.
<i>hom&eacute;lie</i>. See <u>Same</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
discourse or sermon read or pronounced to an audience; a serious
discourse.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A serious or tedious exhortation in
private on some moral point, or on the conduct of life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As I have heard my father<BR>
Deal out in his long <i>homilies</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Book of Homilies</b></col>. <cd>A collection of
authorized, printed sermons, to be read by ministers in churches,
esp. one issued in the time of Edward VI., and a second, issued in
the reign of Elizabeth; -- both books being certified to contain a
"godly and wholesome doctrine."</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hom"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Home-returning; --
used specifically of carrier pigeons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom"i*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From North American
Indian <i>auh&uacute;minea</i> parched corn.] <def>Maize hulled and
broken, and prepared for food by being boiled in water.</def> [U.S.]
[Written also <i>homony</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hom"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a home or a
home circle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quiet, cheerful, <i>homish</i> hospital
life.</blockquote> <i>E. E. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hom"mock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small eminence
of a conical form, of land or of ice; a knoll; a hillock. See
<u>Hummock</u>.</def>  <i>Bartram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hom"mock*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Filled with
hommocks; piled in the form of hommocks; -- said of ice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"mo-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>"omo`s</grk>, <i>one and the same</i>, <i>common</i>,
<i>joint</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*cat`e*gor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-
</i> + <i>categoric</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Belonging to the same
category of individuality; -- a morphological term applied to
organisms so related.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*cen"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: &?;
the same + &?; center: cf. F. <i>homocentrique</i>.] <def>Having the
same center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*cer"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
Gr. &?; tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the tail nearly or
quite symmetrical, the vertebral column terminating near its base; --
opposed to <i>heterocercal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"mo*cer`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The possession of a homocercal
tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*cer`e*brin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i>
+ <i>rebrin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A body similar to, or
identical with, cerebrin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*chro"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
Gr. &?; color.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having all the florets in the same
flower head of the same color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*dem"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
1st <i>deme</i>, 2.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A morphological term
signifying development, in the case of multicellular organisms, from
the same unit deme or unit of the inferior orders of
individuality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*der"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Relating to homodermy; originating from the same germ
layer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"mo*der`my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
<i>-derm</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Homology of the germinal
layers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom"o*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> + Gr.
&?;, &?;, a tooth.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having all the teeth similar
in front, as in the porpoises; -- opposed to
<i>heterodont</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ho*mod"ro*mal</hw> (?), <hw>Ho*mod"ro*mous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> + Gr. &?; a course, running.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Running in the same direction;
-- said of stems twining round a support, or of the spiral succession
of leaves on stems and their branches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Moving in the same
direction; -- said of a lever or pulley in which the resistance and
the actuating force are both on the same side of the fulcrum or
axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*dy*nam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Homodynamous.</def>  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*dy"na*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or involving, homodynamy; as, successive or
<i>homodynamous</i> parts in plants and animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*dy"na*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of like
power; &?; the same + &?; power.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The homology of
metameres. See <u>Metamere</u>.</def>  <i>Gegenbaur.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ho`m&oelig;*o*me"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
from Gr. &?;; &?; like + &?; part.] <def>The state or quality of
being homogeneous in elements or first principles; likeness or
identity of parts.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ho`m&oelig;*o*mer"ic</hw> (?),
<hw>Ho`m&oelig;*o*mer"ic*al</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or characterized by, sameness of parts; receiving
or advocating the doctrine of homogeneity of elements or first
principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`m&oelig;*om"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the main artery of the leg parallel with
the sciatic nerve; -- said of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`m&oelig;*om"e*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
like + <i>-metry</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Hom&oelig;omeria</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho`m&oelig;*o*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hom&oelig;omorphous</u>.] <def>A near similarity of crystalline
forms between unlike chemical compounds. See
<u>Isomorphism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`m&oelig;*o*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?; of like form; &?; like + &?; form.] <def>Manifesting
hom&oelig;omorphism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`m&oelig;*o*path"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<hw>Ho`m&oelig;*op"a*thist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Ho`m&oelig;*op"a*thy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Homeopathic</u>, <u>Homeopathist</u>, <u>Homeopathy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`m&oelig;*o*ther"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Homoiothermal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`m&oelig;*o*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
like + &?; life.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
including, similar forms or kinds of life; as, <i>hom&oelig;ozoic</i>
belts on the earth's surface.</def>  <i>E. Forbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mog"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; married
together; &?; the same + &?; marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having all
the flowers alike; -- said of such composite plants as Eupatorium,
and the thistels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mog"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The condition of being homogamous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*gan"gli*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i>
+ <i>gangliate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the ganglia of
the nervous system symmetrically arranged, as in certain
invertebrates; -- opposed to <i>heterogangliate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"mo*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>homog&egrave;ne</i>.] <def>Homogeneous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*ge"ne*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Homogeneous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*ge"ne*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Homogeneousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*ge*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>homog&eacute;n&eacute;it&eacute;</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Homogeneousness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*ge"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
the same + &?; race, kind: cf. F. <i>homog&egrave;ne</i>. See
<u>Same</u>, and <u>Kin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the same
kind of nature; consisting of similar parts, or of elements of the
like nature; -- opposed to <i>heterogeneous</i>; as,
<i>homogeneous</i> particles, elements, or principles;
<i>homogeneous</i> bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>Possessing the same number
of factors of a given kind; as, a <i>homogeneous</i>
polynomial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*ge"ne*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sameness
9kind or nature; uniformity of structure or material.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
<i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That method of reproduction in
which the successive generations are alike, the offspring, either
animal or plant, running through the same cycle of existence as the
parent; gamogenesis; -- opposed to <i>heterogenesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Homogenous; -- applied to that class of homologies which arise
from similarity of structure, and which are taken as evidences of
common ancestry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Having a resemblance in structure, due to descent from a common
progenitor with subsequent modification; homogenetic; -- applied both
to animals and plants. See <u>Homoplastic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; the
same + &?; race, kind.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Joint nature.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The correspondence of
common descent; -- a term used to supersede <i>homology</i> by
Lankester, who also used <i>homoplasy</i> to denote any superinduced
correspondence of position and structure in parts embryonically
distinct (other writers using the term <i>homoplasmy</i>). Thus,
there is <i>homogeny</i> between the fore limb of a mammal and the
wing of a bird; but the right and left ventricles of the heart in
both are only in <i>homoplasy</i> with each other, these having
arisen independently since the divergence of both groups from a
univentricular ancestor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mog"o*nous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Homogeneous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having all the flowers of a
plant alike in respect to the stamens and pistils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mog"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The condition of having homogonous flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"omo`grafos</grk> with the same letters; <grk>"omo`s</grk> the
same + <grk>gra`fein</grk> to write.] <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>One of
two or more words identical in orthography, but having different
derivations and meanings; as, <i>fair</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, a
market, and <i>fair</i>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, beautiful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Employing a single and separate character to
represent each sound; -- said of certain methods of spelling
words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Possessing the property of
homography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That method of spelling in which every sound
is represented by a single character, which indicates that sound and
no other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A relation between two
figures, such that to any point of the one corresponds one and but
one point in the other, and vise versa. Thus, a tangent line rolling
on a circle cuts two fixed tangents of the circle in two sets of
points that are homographic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ho*moi`op*to"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; in a like case; &?; like + &?; falling.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<def>A figure in which the several parts of a sentence end with the
same case, or inflection generally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*moi`o*ther"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; like
+ E. <i>thermal</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Maintaining a uniform
temperature; h&aelig;matothermal; homothermic; -- applied to warm-
bodied animals, because they maintain a nearly uniform temperature in
spite of the great variations in the surrounding air; in distinct
from the cold-blooded (<i>poikilothermal</i>) animals, whose body
temperature follows the variations in temperature of the surrounding
medium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`moi*ou"si*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
of like substance; <grk>"o`moios</grk> + <grk>o'ysi`a</grk> the
substance, being, essence.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of the
semi-Arians of the 4th century, who held that the Son was of like,
but not the same, essence or substance with the Father; -- opposed to
<i>homoousian</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`moi*ou"si*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Homoiousians, or their belief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mol"o*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Homologated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Homologating</u>.] [LL. <i>homologatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>homologare</i> to homologate; Gr. &?; to assent, agree. See
<u>Homologous</u>.] <i>(Civ. Law)</i> <def>To approve; to allow; to
confirm; as, the court <i>homologates</i> a proceeding.</def>
<i>Wheaton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mol`o*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>homologation</i>.] <i>(Civ. &amp; Scots Law)</i> <def>Confirmation or
ratification (as of something otherwise null and void), by a court or
a grantor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to homology; having a structural affinity proceeding from, or base
upon, that kind of relation termed <i>homology</i>.</def> --
<wf>Ho`mo*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mol`o*gin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or characterized by, homology; as,
<i>homologinic</i> qualities, or differences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mol"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>To determine the homologies or structural relations
of.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ho*mol"o*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See
<u>Homologue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hom`o*lo*gou"me*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; things conceded, p. p. of &?; to agree, admit, concede.
See <u>Homologous</u>.] <def>Those books of the New Testament which
were acknowledged as canonical by the early church; -- distinguished
from <i>antilegomena</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mol"o*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
assenting, agreeing; &?; the same + &?; speech, discourse,
proportion, &?; to say, speak.] <def>Having the same relative
position, proportion, value, or structure.</def> Especially:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Corresponding in relative
position and proportion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In similar polygons, the corresponding sides, angles,
diagonals, etc., are <i>homologous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Davies &amp; Peck
(Math. Dict.).</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>Having the same relative
proportion or value, as the two antecedents or the two consequents of
a proportion.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Characterized by homology; belonging to the same type or series;
corresponding in composition and properties. See <u>Homology</u>,
3.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Being of the same
typical structure; having like relations to a fundamental type to
structure; as, those bones in the hand of man and the fore foot of a
horse are <i>homologous</i> that correspond in their structural
relations, that is, in their relations to the type structure of the
fore limb in vertebrates.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Homologous stimulus</b></col>. <i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Stimulus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 702 !></p>

<p><hw>Hom`o*lo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>"o`los</grk> whole + <i>-graph</i> + <i>-ic</i>; but cf.
F. <i>homalographique</i>, Gr. &?; even, level.] <def>Preserving the
mutual relations of parts, especially as to size and form;
maintaining relative proportion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Homolographic projection</b></col>, <cd>a method of
constructing geographical charts or maps, so that the surfaces, as
delineated on a plane, have the same relative size as the real
surfaces; that is, so that the relative actual areas of the different
countries are accurately represented by the corresponding portions of
the map.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hom"o*logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>homologue</i>. See <u>Homologous</u>.] <def>That which is
homologous to something else; as, the corresponding sides, etc., of
similar polygons are the <i>homologues</i> of each other; the members
or terms of an homologous series in chemistry are the
<i>homologues</i> of each other; one of the bones in the hand of man
is the <i>homologue</i> of that in the paddle of a whale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; agreement.
See <u>Homologous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being
homologous; correspondence; relation; as, the <i>homology</i>of
similar polygons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Correspondence or relation
in type of structure in contradistinction to similarity of function;
as, the relation in structure between the leg and arm of a man; or
that between the arm of a man, the fore leg of a horse, the wing of a
bird, and the fin of a fish, all these organs being modifications of
one type of structure.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Homology</i> indicates genetic relationship, and
according to Haeckel special homology should be defined in terms of
identity of embryonic origin. See <u>Homotypy</u>, and
<u>Homogeny</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The correspondence or
resemblance of substances belonging to the same type or series; a
similarity of composition varying by a small, regular difference, and
usually attended by a regular variation in physical properties; as,
there is an <i>homology</i> between methane, CH<sub>4</sub>, ethane,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>, propane, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>,
etc., all members of the paraffin series. In an extended sense, the
term is applied to the relation between chemical elements of the same
group; as, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are said to be in
<i>homology</i> with each other.  Cf. <u>Heterology</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>General homology</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the higher
relation which a series of parts, or a single part, bears to the
fundamental or general type on which the group is constituted.</cd>
<i>Owen.</i> -- <col><b>Serial homology</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>,
<cd>representative or repetitive relation in the segments of the same
organism, -- as in the lobster, where the parts follow each other in
a straight line or series.</cd> <i>Owen.</i> See <u>Homotypy</u>. --
<col><b>Special homology</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the
correspondence of a part or organ with those of a different animal,
as determined by relative position and connection.</cd>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mom"al*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
Gr. &?; a lock of wool.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Uniformly bending or
curving to one side; -- said of leaves which grow on several sides of
a stem.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ho`mo*mor"phic</hw> (?), <hw>Ho`mo*mor"phous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the same + &?; shape.]
<def>Characterized by homomorphism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Homomorphous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Homomorphy</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The possession, in one
species of plants, of only one kind of flowers; -- opposed to
<i>heteromorphism</i>, <i>dimorphism</i>, and
<i>trimorphism</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The possession of but
one kind of larv&aelig; or young, as in most insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"mo*mor`phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Similarity of form; resemblance in
external characters, while widely different in fundamental structure;
resemblance in geometric ground form. See <u>Homophyly</u>,
<u>Promorphology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mon"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to homonomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mon"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> + Gr.
&?; law.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The homology of parts arranged on
transverse axes.</def>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hom"o*nym</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>homonyme</i>. See <u>Homonymous</u>.] <def>A word having the same
sound as another, but differing from it in meaning; as the noun
<i>bear</i> and the verb <i>bear</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>homonyme</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ho*mon"y*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>homonymus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; the same + &?;, for &?; name; akin to
E. <i>name</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the same name or
designation; standing in the same relation; -- opposed to
<i>heteronymous</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the same name or designation, but
different meaning or relation; hence, equivocal; ambiguous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mon"y*mous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an homonymous manner; so as to have the
same name or relation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Equivocally; ambiguously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mon"y*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>homonymie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sameness of name or
designation; identity in relations.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Homonymy</i> may be as well in place as in
persons.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sameness of name or designation of things
or persons which are different; ambiguity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*&ouml;r"gan</hw> (?). [<i>Homo-</i> + <i>organ</i>.]
<def>Same as <u>Homoplast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*ou"si*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
the same + &?; being, essence, substance.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of those, in the 4th century, who accepted the Nicene creed,
and maintained that the Son had the same essence or substance with
the Father; -- opposed to <i>homoiousian</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*ou"si*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Homoousians, or to the doctrines they
held.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom"o*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>homophone</i>. See <u>Homophonous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
letter or character which expresses a like sound with another.</def>
<i>Gliddon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A word having the same sound as another,
but differing from it in meaning and usually in spelling; as,
<i>all</i> and <i>awl</i>; <i>bare</i> and <i>bear</i>; <i>rite</i>,
<i>write</i>, <i>right</i>, and <i>wright</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ho`mo*phon"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ho*moph"o*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; the same + &?; sound, tone: cf. F.
<i>homophone</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Originally, sounding alike; of the same
pitch; unisonous; monodic.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Now used
for plain harmony, note against note, as opposed to <i>polyphonic</i>
harmony, in which the several parts move independently, each with its
own melody.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing the same sound by a different
combination of letters; as, <i>bay</i> and <i>bey</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*moph"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>homophonie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sameness of
sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Sameness
of sound; unison.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Plain harmony, as
opposed to <i>polyphony</i>. See <u>Homophonous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*phyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Relating to homophily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*moph"y*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
Gr. &?; a clan.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That form of homology due to
common ancestry (phylogenetic homology), in opposition to
<i>homomorphy</i>, to which genealogic basis is wanting.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho"mo*plas`my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
Gr. &?; anything formed, fr. &?; to form, mold.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Resemblance between different plants or animals, in external
shape, in general habit, or in organs, which is not due to descent
from a common ancestor, but to similar surrounding
circumstances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom"o*plast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>One of the plastids composing the <i>idorgan</i> of Haeckel; --
also called <i>homo&ouml;rgan</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
<i>plastic</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to homoplasty; as,
<i>homoplastic</i>organs; <i>homoplastic</i> forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"mo*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
<i>plasty</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The formation of homologous
tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mop"la*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
Gr. &?; to form, mold.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Homogeny</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*pol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
<i>pole</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>In promorphology, pertaining to or
exhibiting that kind of organic form, in which the stereometric
ground form is a pyramid, with <i>similar poles</i>. See
<u>Promorphology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mop"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Homoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ho*mop"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; the same, like + &?; wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
suborder of Hemiptera, in which both pairs of wings are similar in
texture, and do not overlap when folded, as in the cicada. See
<u>Hemiptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mop"ter*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An homopter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mop"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Homoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"mo*styled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> +
<i>style</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having only one form of pistils; --
said of the flowers of some plants.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho`mo*sys*tem"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i>
+ <i>systemic</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Developing, in the case of
multicellular organisms, from the same embryonic systems into which
the secondary unit (gastrula or plant enbryo)
differentiates.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ho`mo*tax"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>Same
as <u>Homotaxis</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ho`mo*tax"i*al</hw> (?), <hw>Ho`mo*tax"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Relating to
homotaxis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ho`mo*tax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; the same + &?; arrangement.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Similarly in
arrangement of parts; -- the opposite of <i>heterotaxy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"mo*tax`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Homotaxis</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ho`mo*ther"mic</hw> (?), <hw>Ho`mo*ther"mous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> + Gr. &?; heat.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Warm-blooded; homoiothermal; h&aelig;matothermal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*mot"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>homotonus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; the same + &?; tone.] <def>Of the same
tenor or tone; equable; without variation.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ho*mot"ro*pal</hw> (?), <hw>Ho*mot"ro*pous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; the same + &?; turn, fr. &?; to
turn: cf. F. <i>homotrope</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Turned in the
same direction with something else.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the radicle of the
seed directed towards the hilum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"mo*ty`pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of the same type of structure; pertaining to a homotype; as,
<i>homotypal</i> parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Homo-</i> + <i>-
type</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That which has the same fundamental
type of structure with something else; thus, the right arm is the
<i>homotype</i> of the right leg; one arm is the <i>homotype</i> of
the other, etc.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ho`mo*typ"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ho`mo*typ"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Homotypal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"mo*ty`py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Homotype</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A term suggested by Haeckel to
be instead of <i>serial homology</i>. See <u>Homotype</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ho*mun"cu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Homunculi</b></plw> (#). [L., dim. of <i>homo</i> man.]
<def>A little man; a dwarf; a manikin.</def>  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hand.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hone</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Etymology uncertain.
&radic;37.] <def>To pine; to lament; to long.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hone</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>h&umacr;n</i> a
knob.] <def>A kind of swelling in the cheek.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hone</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>h&amacr;n</i>; akin to
Icel. <i>hein</i>, OSw. <i>hen</i>; cf. Skr.
<i>&ccedil;&amacr;&nsdot;a</i>, also <i>&ccedil;&omacr;</i>,
<i>&ccedil;i</i>, to sharpen, and E. <i>cone</i>. &radic;38, 228.]
<def>A stone of a fine grit, or a slab, as of metal, covered with an
abrading substance or powder, used for sharpening cutting
instruments, and especially for setting razors; an oilstone.</def>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hone slate</b></col><cd>See <u>Polishing slate</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Hone stone</b></col>, <cd>one of several kinds of stone
used for hones. See <u>Novaculite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hone</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Honed</u> (h&omacr;nd); <pos><i>p]. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Honing</u>.] <def>To sharpen on, or with, a hone; to
rub on a hone in order to sharpen; as, to <i>hone</i> a
razor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>honest</i>,
<i>onest</i>, OF. <i>honeste</i>, <i>oneste</i>, F.
<i>honn&ecirc;te</i>, L. <i>honestus</i>, fr. <i>honos</i>,
<i>honor</i>, honor. See <u>Honor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Decent; honorable; suitable; becoming.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Belong what <i>honest</i> clothes you send forth to
bleaching!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by integrity or fairness and
straight&?;forwardness in conduct, thought, speech, etc.; upright;
just; equitable; trustworthy; truthful; sincere; free from fraud,
guile, or duplicity; not false; -- said of persons and acts, and of
things to which a moral quality is imputed; as, an <i>honest</i>
judge or merchant; an <i>honest</i> statement; an <i>honest</i>
bargain; an <i>honest</i> business; an <i>honest</i> book; an
<i>honest</i> confession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>honest</i> man's the noblest work of
God.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>honest</i> physician leaves his patient when he
can contribute no farther to his health.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Look ye out among you seven men of <i>honest</i>
report.</blockquote> <i>Acts vi. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Provide things <i>honest</i> in the sight of all
men.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xii. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Open; frank; as, an <i>honest</i>
countenance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Chaste; faithful; virtuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wives may be merry, and yet <i>honest</i>
too.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Upright; ingenuous; honorable; trusty; faithful;
equitable; fair; just; rightful; sincere; frank; candid; genuine.</p>

<p><hw>Hon"est</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>honestare</i> to
clothe or adorn with honor: cf. F. <i>honester</i>. See
<u>Honest</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To adorn; to grace; to
honor; to make becoming, appropriate, or honorable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Abp. Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon`es*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
honesting; grace; adornment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho*nes"te*tee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Honesty;
honorableness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"est*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Honorably; becomingly; decently.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In an honest manner; as, a contract
<i>honestly</i> made; to live <i>honestly</i>; to speak
<i>honestly</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To come honestly by</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
get honestly.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A circumlocution for <i>to
inherit</i>; as, <i>to come honestly by</i> a feature, a mental
trait, a peculiarity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hon"es*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>honeste</i>,
<i>oneste</i>, honor, OF. <i>honest&eacute;</i>, <i>onest&eacute;</i>
(cf. F. <i>honn&ecirc;tet&eacute;</i>), L. <i>honestas</i>. See
<u>Honest</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Honor;
honorableness; dignity; propriety; suitableness; decency.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She derives her <i>honesty</i> and achieves her
goodness.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being honest;
probity; fairness and straightforwardness of conduct, speech, etc.;
integrity; sincerity; truthfulness; freedom from fraud or
guile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all
godliness and <i>honesty</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. ii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Chastity; modesty.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To lay . . . siege to the <i>honesty</i> of this
Ford's wife.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Satin flower; the name of
two cruciferous herbs having large flat pods, the round shining
partitions of which are more beautiful than the blossom; -- called
also <i>lunary</i> and <i>moonwort</i>. <i>Lunaria biennis</i> is
common honesty; <i>L. rediva</i> is perennial honesty.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Integrity; probity; uprightness; trustiness;
faithfulness; honor; justice; equity; fairness; candor; plain-
dealing; veracity; sincerity.</p>

<p><hw>Hone"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An umbelliferous plant of the genus <i>Sison</i> (<i>S.
Amomum</i>); -- so called because used to cure a swelling called a
<i>hone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>honi</i>,
<i>huni</i>, AS. <i>hunig</i>; akin to OS. <i>honeg</i>, D. &amp; G.
<i>honig</i>, OHG. <i>honag</i>, <i>honang</i>, Icel. <i>hunang</i>,
Sw. <i>h&aring;ning</i>, Dan. <i>honning</i>, cf. Gr. &?; dust, Skr.
<i>kaa</i> grain.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sweet viscid fluid, esp.
that collected by bees from flowers of plants, and deposited in the
cells of the honeycomb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is sweet or pleasant, like
honey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>honey</i> of his language.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sweet one; -- a term of endearment.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Honey</i>, you shall be well desired in
Cyprus.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Honey</i> is often used adjectively or as the first part
of compound; as, <i>honey</i>dew or <i>honey</i> dew; <i>honey</i>
guide or <i>honey</i>guide; <i>honey</i> locust or <i>honey</i>-
locust.</p>

<p><col><b>Honey ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small ant
(<i>Myrmecocystus melliger</i>), found in the Southwestern United
States, and in Mexico, living in subterranean formicares. There are
larger and smaller ordinary workers, and others, which serve as
receptacles or cells for the storage of honey, their abdomens
becoming distended to the size of a currant. These, in times of
scarcity, regurgitate the honey and feed the rest.</cd> --
<col><b>Honey badger</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
ratel.</cd> -- <col><b>Honey bear</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Kinkajou</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Honey buzzard</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bird related to the kites, of the genus
<i>Pernis</i>. The European species is <i>P. apivorus</i>; the Indian
or crested honey buzzard is <i>P. ptilorhyncha</i>. They feed upon
honey and the larv&aelig; of bees. Called also <i>bee hawk</i>,
<i>bee kite</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Honey creeper</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of numerous species of small, bright,
colored, passerine birds of the family <i>C&oelig;rebid&aelig;</i>,
abundant in Central and South America.</cd> -- <col><b>Honey
eater</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of numerous species of
small passerine birds of the family <i>Meliphagid&aelig;</i>,
abundant in Australia and Oceania; -- called also
<i>honeysucker</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Honey flower</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an evergreen shrub of the genus <i>Melianthus</i>,
a native of the Cape of Good Hope. The flowers yield much honey.</cd>
-- <col><b>Honey guide</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
several species of small birds of the family
<i>Indicatorid&aelig;</i>, inhabiting Africa and the East Indies.
They have the habit of leading persons to the nests to wild bees.
Called also <i>honeybird</i>, and <i>indicator</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Honey harvest</b></col>, <cd>the gathering of honey from
hives, or the honey which is gathered.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i> --
<col><b>Honey kite</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Honey
buzzard</i> (above).</cd> -- <col><b>Honey locust</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a North American tree (<i>Gleditschia
triacanthos</i>), armed with thorns, and having long pods with a
sweet pulp between the seeds.</cd> -- <col><b>Honey month</b></col>.
<cd>Same as <u>Honeymoon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Honey weasel</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the ratel.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 703 !></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Honeyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Honeying</u>.] <def>To be gentle, agreeable, or coaxing; to talk
fondly; to use endearments; also, to be or become obsequiously
courteous or complimentary; to fawn.</def> "<i>Honeying</i> and
making love."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rough to common men,<BR>
But <i>honey</i> at the whisper of a lord.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make agreeable;
to cover or sweeten with, or as with, honey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Canst thou not <i>honey</i> me with fluent
speech?</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey-bag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The receptacle for honey in a honeybee.</def>  <i>Shak.
Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*bee`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any bee of the genus <i>Apis</i>, which lives in communities and
collects honey, esp. the common domesticated hive bee (<i>Apis
mellifica</i>), the Italian bee (<i>A. ligustica</i>), and the
Arabiab bee (<i>A. fasciata</i>). The two latter are by many
entomologists considered only varieties of the common hive bee. Each
swarm of bees consists of a large number of workers (barren females),
with, ordinarily, one queen or fertile female, but in the swarming
season several young queens, and a number of males or drones, are
produced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The honey guide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*comb`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hunigcamb</i>. See <u>Honey</u>, and 1st <u>Comb</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mass of hexagonal waxen cells, formed by
bees, and used by them to hold their honey and their eggs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any substance, as a easting of iron, a
piece of worm-eaten wood, or of triple, etc., perforated with cells
like a honeycomb.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Honeycomb moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the wax
moth.</cd> -- <col><b>Honeycomb stomach</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Reticulum</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*combed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed or
perforated like a honeycomb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each bastion was <i>honeycombed</i> with
casements.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*dew`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sweet, saccharine substance, found on the leaves of trees and
other plants in small drops, like dew. Two substances have been
called by this name; one exuded from the plants, and the other
secreted by certain insects, esp. aphids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of tobacco moistened with
molasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon"eyed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered with honey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sweet, as, <i>honeyed</i> words.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
honey.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*moon`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The first
month after marriage.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey-mouthed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Soft to
sweet in speech; persuasive.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mellite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*suck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Honey eater</i>, under
<u>Honey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*suc`kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>hunis&?;ge</i> privet. See <u>Honey</u>, and <u>Suck</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of several species of flowering plants, much
admired for their beauty, and some for their fragrance.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The honeysuckles are properly species of the genus
<i>Lonicera</i>; as, <i>L. Caprifolium</i>, and <i>L. Japonica</i>,
the commonly cultivated fragrant kinds; <i>L. Periclymenum</i>, the
fragrant woodbine of England; <i>L. grata</i>, the American woodbine,
and <i>L. sempervirens</i>, the red-flowered trumpet honeysuckle. The
European fly honeysuckle is <i>L. Xylosteum</i>; the American, <i>L.
ciliata</i>. The American Pinxter flower (<i>Azalea nudiflora</i>) is
often called <i>honeysuckle</i>, or <i>false honeysuckle</i>. The
name <i>Australian honeysuckle</i> is applied to one or more trees of
the genus <i>Banksia</i>. See <i>French honeysuckle</i>, under
<u>French</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*suc`kled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered
with honeysuckles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey-sweet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sweet as
honey.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sweet
speaking; persuasive; seductive.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Badderlocks</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A European plant of the genus <i>Cerinthe</i>, whose flowers are
very attractive to bees.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chinese <i>hang</i>,
Canton dialect <i>hong</i>, a mercantile house, factory.] <def>A
mercantile establishment or factory for foreign trade in China, as
formerly at Canton; a succession of offices connected by a common
passage and used for business or storage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hong merchant</b></col>, <cd>one of the few Chinese
merchants who, previous to the treaty of 1842, formed a guild which
had the exclusive privilege of trading with foreigners.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hong</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
hang.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Honeyed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon"i*ton lace`</hw> (?). <def>A kind of pillow lace,
remarkable for the beauty of its figures; -- so called because
chiefly made in <i>Honiton</i>, England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Honk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of imitative origin.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cry of a wild goose.</def> --
<wf>Honk"ing</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hon"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>honor</i>,
<i>honour</i>, <i>onour</i>, <i>onur</i>, OF. <i>honor</i>,
<i>onor</i>, <i>honur</i>, <i>onur</i>, <i>honour</i>, <i>onour</i>,
F.  <i>honneur</i>, fr. L. <i>honor</i>, <i>honos</i>.] [Written also
<i>honour</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Esteem due or paid to worth;
high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration;
manifestation of respect or reverence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A prophet is not without <i>honor</i>, save in his own
country.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiii. 57.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which rightfully attracts esteem,
respect, or consideration; self-respect; dignity; courage; fidelity;
especially, excellence of character; high moral worth; virtue;
nobleness; specif., in men, integrity; uprightness; trustworthness;
in women, purity; chastity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If she have forgot<BR>
<i>Honor</i> and virtue.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Godlike erect, with native <i>honor</i>
clad.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A nice sense of what is right, just, and
true, with course of life correspondent thereto; strict conformity to
the duty imposed by conscience, position, or privilege.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Say, what is <i>honor</i>? 'T is the finest sense<BR>
Of justice which the human mind can frame,<BR>
Intent each lurking frailty to disclaim,<BR>
And guard the way of life from all offense<BR>
Suffered or done.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I could not love thee, dear, so much,<BR>
Loved I not <i>honor</i> more.</blockquote> <i>Lovelace.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That to which esteem or consideration is
paid; distinguished position; high rank.</def> "Restored me to my
<i>honors</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have given thee . . . both riches, and
<i>honor</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings iii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art clothed with <i>honor</i> and
majesty.</blockquote> <i>Ps. civ. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fame; reputation; credit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some in theiractions do woo, and affect <i>honor</i>
and reputation.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If my <i>honor</i> is meant anything distinct from
conscience, 't is no more than a regard to the censure and esteem of
the world.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A token of esteem paid to worth; a mark of
respect; a ceremonial sign of consideration; as, he wore an
<i>honor</i> on his breast; military <i>honors</i>; civil
<i>honors</i>.</def> "Their funeral <i>honors</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A cause of respect and fame; a glory; an
excellency; an ornament; as, he is an <i>honor</i> to his
nation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A title applied to the holders of certain
honorable civil offices, or to persons of rank; as, His <i>Honor</i>
the Mayor. See Note under <u>Honorable</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Feud. Law)</i> <def>A seigniory or lordship
held of the king, on which other lordships and manors depended.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Academic or university prizes
or distinctions; as, <i>honors</i> in classics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Whist)</i> <def>The ace, king,
queen, and jack of trumps. The ten and nine are sometimes called
<i>Dutch honors</i>.</def>  <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Affair of honor</b></col>, <cd>a dispute to be decided by
a duel, or the duel itself.</cd> -- <col><b>Court of honor</b></col>,
<cd>a court or tribunal to investigate and decide questions relating
to points of honor; as a court of chivalry, or a military court to
investigate acts or omissions which are unofficerlike or
ungentlemanly in their nature.</cd> -- <col><b>Debt of
honor</b></col>, <cd>a debt contracted by a verbal promise, or by
betting or gambling, considered more binding than if recoverable by
law.</cd> -- <col><b>Honor bright!</b></col> An assurance of truth or
fidelity. [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Honor court</b></col> <i>(Feudal
Law)</i>, <cd>one held in an honor or seignory.</cd> -- <col><b>Honor
point</b></col>. <i>(Her.)</i> <cd>See <u>Escutcheon</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Honors of war</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>distinctions
granted to a vanquished enemy, as of marching out from a camp or town
armed, and with colors flying.</cd> -- <col><b>Law, or
Code</b></col>, <col><b>of honor</b></col>, <cd>certain rules by
which social intercourse is regulated among persons of fashion, and
which are founded on a regard to reputation.</cd> <i>Paley.</i> --
<col><b>Maid of honor</b></col>, <cd>a lady of rank, whose duty it is
to attend the queen when she appears in public.</cd> -- <col><b>On
one's honor</b></col>, <cd>on the pledge of one's honor; as, the
members of the House of Lords in Great Britain, are not under oath,
but give their statements or verdicts <i>on their honor</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Point of honor</b></col>, <cd>a scruple or nice distinction
in matters affecting one's honor; as, he raised a <i>point of
honor</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To do the honors</b></col>, <cd>to bestow
honor, as on a guest; to act as host or hostess at an
entertainment.</cd> "To <i>do the honors</i> and to give the word."
<i>Pope.</i> -- <col><b>To do one honor</b></col>, <cd>to confer
distinction upon one.</cd> -- <col><b>To have the honor</b></col>,
<cd>to have the privilege or distinction.</cd> -- <col><b>Word of
honor</b></col>, <cd>an engagement confirmed by a pledge of
honor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hon"or</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Honored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Honoring</u>.] [OE. <i>honouren</i>, <i>onouren</i>, OF.
<i>honorer</i>, <i>honourer</i>, F. <i>honorer</i>, fr. L.
<i>honorare</i>, fr. <i>honor</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To regard or treat with honor, esteem, or
respect; to revere; to treat with deference and submission; when used
of the Supreme Being, to reverence; to adore; to worship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Honor</i> thy father and thy mother.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xx. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That all men should <i>honor</i> the Son, even as they
<i>honor</i> the Father.</blockquote> <i>John v. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a custom<BR>
More <i>honor'd</i> in the breach than the observance.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dignify; to raise to distinction or
notice; to bestow honor upon; to elevate in rank or station; to
ennoble; to exalt; to glorify; hence, to do something to honor; to
treat in a complimentary manner or with civility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus shall it be done to the man whom the king
delighten to <i>honor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Esther vi. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The name of Cassius <i>honors</i> this
corruption.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To accept and pay when due;
as, to <i>honor</i>a bill of exchange.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon"or*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>honorable</i>, L. <i>honorabilis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Worthy of honor; fit to be esteemed or regarded; estimable;
illustrious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy name and <i>honorable</i> family.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>High-minded; actuated by principles of
honor, or a scrupulous regard to probity, rectitude, or
reputation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from an upright and laudable
cause, or directed to a just and proper end; not base;
irreproachable; fair; as, an <i>honorable</i> motive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is this proceeding just and
<i>honorable</i>?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Conferring honor, or produced by noble
deeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Honorable</i> wounds from battle
brought.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of respect; regarded with esteem;
to be commended; consistent with honor or rectitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Marriage is <i>honorable</i> in all.</blockquote>
<i>Heb. xiii. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Performed or accompanied with marks of
honor, or with testimonies of esteem; as, an <i>honorable</i>
burial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Of reputable association or use;
respectable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let her descend: my chambers are
<i>honorable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>An epithet of respect or distinction; as,
the <i>honorable</i> Senate; the <i>honorable</i>
gentleman.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Honorable</i> is a title of quality, conferred by
English usage upon the younger children of earls and all the children
of viscounts and barons. The maids of honor, lords of session, and
the supreme judges of England and Ireland are entitled to the prefix.
In American usage, it is a title of courtesy merely, bestowed upon
those who hold, or have held, any of the higher public offices, esp.
governors, judges, members of Congress or of the Senate, mayors.</p>

<p><col><b>Right honorable</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Right</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hon"or*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being honorable; eminence;
distinction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conformity to the principles of honor,
probity, or moral rectitude; fairness; uprightness;
reputableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon"or*a*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an honorable manner; in a manner showing,
or consistent with, honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reverend abbot . . . <i>honorably</i> received
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why did I not more <i>honorably</i>
starve?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Decently; becomingly.</def> [Obs.] "Do
this message <i>honorably</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Magnanimously; generously; nobly; worthily; justly;
equitably; fairly; reputably.</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Hon`o*ra"ri*um</hw> (?), <hw>Hon"or*a*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>honorarium</i> (sc. <i>donum</i>), fr.
<i>honorarius</i>. See <u>Honorary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fee offered to professional men for their
services; as, an <i>honorarium</i> of one thousand dollars.</def>
<i>S. Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An honorary payment, usually
in recognition of services for which it is not usual or not lawful to
assign a fixed business price.</def>  <i>Heumann.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"or*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>honorarius</i>,
fr. <i>honor</i> honor: cf. F. <i>honoraire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Done as a sign or evidence of honor; as, <i>honorary</i>
services.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conferring honor, or intended merely to
confer honor without emolument; as, an <i>honorary</i> degree.</def>
"<i>Honorary</i> arches."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Holding a title or place without rendering
service or receiving reward; as, an <i>honorary</i> member of a
society.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon"or*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
honors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hon`or*if"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Honor</u>,
<u>-fy</u>, and <u>-ic</u>.] <def>Conferring honor; tending to
honor.</def>  <i>London Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hon"or*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
honor; not honored.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hont</hw> (h&obreve;nt), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
under <u>Hunt</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoo</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Ho</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hurrah! -- an exclamation of triumphant
joy.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>-hood</hw> (?). [OE. <i>hod</i>, <i>had</i>, <i>hed</i>,
<i>hede</i>, etc., person, rank, order, condition, AS.
<i>h&amacr;d</i>; akin to OS. <i>h&emacr;d</i>, OHG. <i>heit</i>, G.
<i>-heit</i>, D. <i>-heid</i>, Goth. <i>haidus</i> manner; cf. Skr.
<i>k&emacr;tu</i> brightness, <i>cit</i> to appear, be noticeable,
notice. &radic;217.  Cf. <u>-head</u>.] <def>A termination denoting
<i>state</i>, <i>condition</i>, <i>quality</i>, <i>character</i>,
<i>totality</i>, as in man<i>hood</i>, child<i>hood</i>,
knight<i>hood</i>, brother<i>hood</i>. Sometimes it is written,
chiefly in obsolete words, in the form -<i>head</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hood</i>,
<i>hod</i>, AS. <i>h&omacr;d</i>; akin to D. <i>hoed</i> hat, G.
<i>hut</i>, OHG. <i>huot</i>, also to E. <i>hat</i>, and prob. to E.
<i>heed</i>. &radic;13.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>State;
condition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How could thou ween, through that disguised
<i>hood</i><BR>
To hide thy state from being understood?</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A covering or garment for the head or the
head and shoulders, often attached to the body garment</def>;
especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A soft covering for the head,
worn by women, which leaves only the face exposed.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A part of a monk's outer garment, with which
he covers his head; a cowl.</def> "All <i>hoods</i> make not monks."
<i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A like appendage to a cloak or
loose overcoat, that may be drawn up over the head at pleasure.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>An ornamental fold at the back of an
academic gown or ecclesiastical vestment; as, a master's
<i>hood</i>.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A covering for a horse's
head.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>A covering for
a hawk's head and eyes. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Falcon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a hood in form or
use</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The top or head of a
carriage.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A chimney top, often
contrived to secure a constant draught by turning with the
wind.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A projecting cover above a
hearth, forming the upper part of the fireplace, and confining the
smoke to the flue.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The top of a
pump.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Ord.)</i> <def>A covering for a
mortar.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The hood-shaped
upper petal of some flowers, as of monkshood; -- called also
<i>helmet</i>.</def> <i>Gray.</i> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A covering or porch for a companion hatch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>The endmost plank of
a strake which reaches the stem or stern.</def></p>

<p><! p. 704 !></p>

<p><hw>Hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hooded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hooding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a hood; to
furnish with a hood or hood-shaped appendage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The friar <i>hooded</i>, and the monarch
crowned.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover; to hide; to blind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While grace is saying, I'll <i>hood</i> mine eyes<BR>
Thus with my hat, and sigh and say, "Amen."</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hooding end</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>the end
of a hood where it enters the rabbet in the stem post or stern
post.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hood"cap`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Hooded
seal</i>, under <u>Hooded</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hood"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered with a hood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Furnished with a hood or something like a
hood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hood-shaped; esp. <i>(Bot.)</i>, rolled up
like a cornet of paper; cuculate, as the spethe of the Indian
turnip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Having the head conspicuously different in color from the rest
of the plumage; -- said of birds.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Having a hoodlike crest or prominence on the head or neck; as,
the <i>hooded</i> seal; a <i>hooded</i> snake.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hooded crow</b></col>, <cd>a European crow <i>(Corvus
cornix)</i>; -- called also <i>hoody</i>, <i>dun crow</i>, and
<i>royston crow</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hooded gull</b></col>, <cd>the
European black-headed pewit or gull.</cd> -- <col><b>Hooded
merganser</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Merganser</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hooded
seal</b></col>, <cd>a large North Atlantic seal (<i>Cystophora
cristata</i>). The male has a large, inflatible, hoodlike sac upon
the head. Called also <i>hoodcap</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hooded
sheldrake</b></col>, <cd>the hooded merganser. See
<u>Merganser</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hooded snake</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Cobra de capello</u>, <u>Asp</u>, <u>Haje</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Hooded warbler</b></col>, <cd>a small American warbler
(<i>Sylvania mitrata</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hood"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
hood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hood"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young rowdy; a
rough, lawless fellow.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hood"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The person
blindfolded in the game called hoodman-blind.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hood"man-blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old
term for blindman's buff.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hood" mold`ing</hw> <hw>Hood" mould`ing</hw> } (?).
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A projecting molding over the head of an arch,
forming the outermost member of the archivolt; -- called also <i>hood
mold</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoo"doo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. a var. of
<i>voodoo</i>.] <def>One who causes bad luck.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hood"wink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Hood</i> +
<i>wink</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To blind by covering the
eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We will blind and <i>hoodwink</i> him.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover; to hide.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deceive by false appearance; to impose
upon.</def> "<i>Hoodwinked</i> with kindness."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hood"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The hooded crow; also, in Scotland, the hooded gull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoof</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hoofs</b></plw> (#), very rarely <plw><b>Hooves</b></plw>
(#). [OE. <i>hof</i>, AS. <i>h&omacr;f</i>; akin to D. <i>hoef</i>,
G1huf, OHG. <i>huof</i>, Icel. <i>h&omacr;fr</i>, Sw. <i>hof</i>,
Dan. <i>hov</i>; cf. Russ. <i>kopuito</i>, Skr. <i>&ccedil;apha</i>.
&radic;225.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The horny substance or case that
covers or terminates the feet of certain animals, as horses, oxen,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On burnished <i>hooves</i> his war horse
trode.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hoofed animal; a beast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our cattle also shall go with us; there shall not a
<i>hoof</i> be left behind.</blockquote> <i>Ex. x. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>See
<u>Ungula</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoof</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
walk as cattle.</def> [R.]  <i>William Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be on a tramp; to foot.</def> [Slang,
U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>To hoof it</b></col>, <cd>to foot it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hoof"bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>Having a dry and contracted hoof, which occasions pain and
lameness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoofed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
hoofs.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoof"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
hoofs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hook</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hok</i>, AS.
<i>h&omacr;c</i>; cf. D. <i>haak</i>, G. <i>hake</i>, <i>haken</i>,
OHG. <i>h&amacr;ko</i>, <i>h&amacr;go</i>, <i>h&amacr;ggo</i>, Icel.
<i>haki</i>, Sw. <i>hake</i>, Dan. <i>hage</i>.  Cf.
<u>Arquebuse</u>, <u>Hagbut</u>, <u>Hake</u>, <u>Hatch</u> a half
door, <u>Heckle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of metal, or
other hard material, formed or bent into a curve or at an angle, for
catching, holding, or sustaining anything; as, a <i>hook</i> for
catching fish; a <i>hook</i> for fastening a gate; a boat
<i>hook</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of a hinge which is fixed to a
post, and on which a door or gate hangs and turns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An implement for cutting grass or grain; a
sickle; an instrument for cutting or lopping; a billhook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like slashing Bentley with his desperate
<i>hook</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engin.)</i> <def>See
<u>Eccentric</u>, and <u>V-hook</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A snare; a trap.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A field sown two years in
succession.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The projecting points of the
thigh bones of cattle; -- called also <i>hook bones</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By hook or by crook</b></col>, <cd>one way or other; by
any means, direct or indirect.</cd> <i>Milton.</i> "In hope her to
attain <i>by hook or crook</i>." <i>Spenser.</i> -- <col><b>Off the
hooks</b></col>, <cd>unhinged; disturbed; disordered.</cd> [Colloq.]
"In the evening, by water, to the Duke of Albemarle, whom I found
mightly <i>off the hooks</i> that the ships are not gone out of the
river." <i>Pepys.</i> -- <col><b>On one's own hook</b></col>, <cd>on
one's own account or responsibility; by one's self.</cd> [Colloq.
U.S.] <i>Bartlett.</i> -- <col><b>To go off the hooks</b></col>,
<cd>to die.</cd> [Colloq.] <i>Thackeray.</i> -- <col><b>Bid
hook</b></col>, <cd>a small boat hook.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain
hook</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Chain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Deck
hook</b></col>, <cd>a horizontal knee or frame, in the bow of a ship,
on which the forward part of the deck rests.</cd> -- <col><b>Hook and
eye</b></col>, <cd>one of the small wire hooks and loops for
fastening together the opposite edges of a garment, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Hook bill</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the strongly
curved beak of a bird.</cd> -- <col><b>Hook ladder</b></col>, <cd>a
ladder with hooks at the end by which it can be suspended, as from
the top of a wall.</cd> -- <col><b>Hook motion</b></col> <i>(Steam
Engin.)</i>, <cd>a valve gear which is reversed by V hooks.</cd> --
<col><b>Hook squid</b></col>, <cd>any squid which has the arms
furnished with hooks, instead of suckers, as in the genera
<i>Enoploteuthis</i> and <i>Onychteuthis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hook
wrench</b></col>, <cd>a wrench or spanner, having a hook at the end,
instead of a jaw, for turning a bolthead, nut, or coupling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hook</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hooked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hooking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To catch or fasten with a
hook or hooks; to seize, capture, or hold, as with a hook, esp. with
a disguised or baited hook; hence, to secure by allurement or
artifice; to entrap; to catch; as, to <i>hook</i> a dress; to
<i>hook</i> a trout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hook</i> him, my poor dear, . . . at any
sacrifice.</blockquote> <i>W. Collins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seize or pierce with the points of the
horns, as cattle in attacking enemies; to gore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To steal.</def> [Colloq. Eng. &amp; U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>To hook on</b></col>, <cd>to fasten or attach by, or as
by, hook.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hook</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bend; to curve
as a hook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hook"ah</hw> (h&oocr;k"&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. or
Ar. <i>huqqa</i> a round box or casket, a bottle through which the
fumes pass when smoking tobacco.] <def>A pipe with a long, flexible
stem, so arranged that the smoke is cooled by being made to pass
through water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hook"-billed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a strongly curved bill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hooked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the form of a hook; curvated; as, the <i>hooked</i> bill
of a bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Provided with a hook or hooks.</def> "The
<i>hooked</i> chariot."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hook"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being bent like a hook; incurvation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hook"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, hooks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A Dutch
vessel with two masts.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A fishing boat
with one mast, used on the coast of Ireland.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A sailor's contemptuous term for any
antiquated craft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hooke's" gear"ing</hw> (?). [So called from the inventor.]
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Spur gearing having teeth slanting across the
face of the wheel, sometimes slanting in opposite directions from the
middle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hooke's joint</hw> (?). [So called from the inventor.]
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A universal joint. See under
<u>Universal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hook"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hockey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hook"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
hook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hook"-nosed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
hooked or aquiline nose.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hook"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of hooks;
pertaining to hooks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hool</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Whole.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoo"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small black gibbon (<i>Hylobates hoolock</i>), found in the
mountains of Assam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Home.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoo"noo*maun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An Indian monkey. See <u>Entellus</u>.</def>
[Written also <i>hoonuman</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hoop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hope</i>; akin to
D. <i>hoep</i>, <i>hoepel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pliant
strip of wood or metal bent in a circular form, and united at the
ends, for holding together the staves of casks, tubs, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ring; a circular band; anything
resembling a hoop, as the cylinder (cheese hoop) in which the curd is
pressed in making cheese.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A circle, or combination of circles, of
thin whalebone, metal, or other elastic material, used for expanding
the skirts of ladies' dresses; crinoline; -- used chiefly in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though stiff with <i>hoops</i>, and armed with ribs of
whale.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A quart pot; -- so called because
originally bound with hoops, like a barrel. Also, a portion of the
contents measured by the distance between the hoops.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An old measure of capacity, variously
estimated at from one to four pecks.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bulge hoop</b></col>, <col><b>Chine hoop</b></col>,
<col><b>Quarter hoop</b></col>, <cd>the hoop nearest the middle of a
cask, that nearest the end, and the intermediate hoop between these
two, respectively.</cd> -- <col><b>Flat hoop</b></col>, <cd>a wooden
hoop dressed flat on both sides.</cd> -- <col><b>Half-round
hoop</b></col>, <cd>a wooden hoop left rounding and undressed on the
outside.</cd> -- <col><b>Hoop iron</b></col>, <cd>iron in thin narrow
strips, used for making hoops.</cd> -- <col><b>Hoop lock</b></col>,
<cd>the fastening for uniting the ends of wooden hoops by notching
and interlocking them.</cd> -- <col><b>Hoop skirt</b></col>, <cd>a
framework of hoops for expanding the skirts of a woman's dress; --
called also <i>hoop petticoat</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hoop
snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a harmless snake of the
Southern United States (<i>Abaster erythrogrammus</i>); -- so called
from the mistaken notion that it curves itself into a hoop, taking
its tail into its mouth, and rolls along with great velocity.</cd> --
<col><b>Hoop tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small West Indian
tree (<i>Melia sempervirens</i>), of the Mahogany family.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hoop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hooped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hooping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind or fasten with
hoops; as, to <i>hoop</i> a barrel or puncheon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clasp; to encircle; to surround.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>houpen</i>; cf.
F. <i>houper</i> to hoop, to shout; -- a hunting term, prob. fr.
<i>houp</i>, an interj. used in calling.  Cf. <u>Whoop</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter a loud cry, or a sound imitative of
the word, by way of call or pursuit; to shout.</def> [Usually written
<i>whoop</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To whoop, as in whooping cough. See
<u>Whoop</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hooping cough</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <u>Whooping
cough</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hoop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>whoop</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive or follow with a
shout.</def> "To be <i>hooped</i> out of Rome."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To call by a shout or peculiar
cry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
shout; a whoop, as in whooping cough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hoopoe. See
<u>Hoopoe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Hoop</u>.]
<def>One who hoops casks or tubs; a cooper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> [So
called from its note.] <def>The European whistling, or wild, swan
(<i>Olor cygnus</i>); -- called also <i>hooper swan</i>, <i>whooping
swan</i>, and <i>elk</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hoop"oe</hw> (?), <hw>Hoop"oo</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its cry; cf. L. <i>upupa</i>,
Gr. &?;, D. <i>hop</i>, F. <i>huppe</i>; cf. also G.
wieden<i>hopf</i>, OHG. witu<i>hopfo</i>, lit., wood hopper.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European bird of the genus <i>Upupa</i>
(<i>U. epops</i>), having a beautiful crest, which it can erect or
depress at pleasure. Called also <i>hoop</i>, <i>whoop</i>. The name
is also applied to several other species of the same genus and allied
genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoo"sier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nickname given
to an inhabitant of the State of Indiana.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hoot</hw> (h&oomac;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hooted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hooting</u>.] [OE. <i>hoten</i>, <i>houten</i>, <i>huten</i>; cf.
OSw. <i>huta</i>, Sw. <i>huta ut</i> to take one up sharply, fr. Sw.
<i>hut</i> interj., begone! cf. also W. <i>hwt</i> off! off with it!
away! hoot!] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cry out or shout in
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Matrons and girls shall <i>hoot</i> at thee no
more.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make the peculiar cry of an
owl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The clamorous owl that nightly
<i>hoots</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To assail with
contemptuous cries or shouts; to follow with derisive
shouts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Partridge and his clan may <i>hoot</i> me for a
cheat.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
derisive cry or shout.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cry of an owl.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hoot owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the barred owl
(<i>Syrnium nebulosum</i>). See <u>Barred owl</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hoove</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Allied to <i>heave</i>,
<i>hove</i>.] <def>A disease in cattle consisting in inflammation of
the stomach by gas, ordinarily caused by eating too much green food;
tympany; bloating.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hoov"en</hw> (?), <hw>Ho"ven</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with hoove; as, <i>hooven</i>, or
<i>hoven</i>, cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hopping</u> (?).] [OE. <i>hoppen</i> to hop, leap, dance, AS.
<i>hoppian</i>; akin to Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>hoppa</i>, Dan. <i>hoppe</i>,
D. <i>huppelen</i>, G. <i>h&uuml;pfen</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To move by successive leaps, as toads do; to spring or jump on
one foot; to skip, as birds do.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Birds] <i>hopping</i> from spray to
spray.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk lame; to limp; to halt.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To dance.</def>  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leap
on one leg, as of a boy; a leap, as of a toad; a jump; a
spring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dance; esp., an informal dance of
ball.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Hop</b></col>, <col><b>skip</b></col> (or
<col><b>step</b></col>), <col><b>and jump</b></col>, <cd>a game or
athletic sport in which the participants cover as much ground as
possible by a hop, stride, and jump in succession.</cd>
  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hoppe</i>; akin to D.
<i>hop</i>, <i>hoppe</i>, OHG. <i>hopfo</i>, G. <i>hopfen</i>; cf.
LL. <i>hupa</i>, W. <i>hopez</i>, Armor. <i>houpez</i>, and Icel.
<i>humall</i>, SW. &amp; Dan. <i>humle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A climbing plant (<i>Humulus Lupulus</i>), having
a long, twining, annual stalk. It is cultivated for its fruit
(hops).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The catkin or strobilaceous fruit of the
hop, much used in brewing to give a bitter taste.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The fruit of the dog-rose. See
<u>Hip</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hop back</b></col>. <i>(Brewing)</i> <cd>See under 1st
<u>Back</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hop clover</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a species of yellow clover having heads like hops in miniature
(<i>Trifolium agrarium</i>, and <i>T. procumbens</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Hop flea</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small flea
beetle (<i>Haltica concinna</i>), very injurious to hops.</cd> --
<col><b>Hop fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an aphid
(<i>Phorodon humuli</i>), very injurious to hop vines.</cd> --
<col><b>Hop froth fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
hemipterous insect (<i>Aphrophora interrupta</i>), allied to the
cockoo spits. It often does great damage to hop vines.</cd> --
<col><b>Hop hornbeam</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American tree of
the genus <i>Ostrya</i> (<i>O. Virginica</i>) the American ironwood;
also, a European species (<i>O. vulgaris</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Hop
moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a moth (<i>Hypena
humuli</i>), which in the larval state is very injurious to hop
vines.</cd> -- <col><b>Hop picker</b></col>, <cd>one who picks
hops.</cd> -- <col><b>Hop pole</b></col>, <cd>a pole used to support
hop vines.</cd> -- <col><b>Hop tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
small American tree (<i>Ptelia trifoliata</i>), having broad,
flattened fruit in large clusters, sometimes used as a substitute for
hops.</cd> -- <col><b>Hop vine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
climbing vine or stalk of the hop.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To impregnate with
hops.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gather hops.
[Perhaps only in the form <u>Hopping</u>, <pos><i>vb.
n.</i></pos>]</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hop"bine`</hw> (?), <hw>Hop"bind`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The climbing stem of the hop.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>h&omacr;p</i> a small bay or inlet.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sloping plain between mountain ridges.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small bay; an inlet; a haven.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hope</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS., <i>akin to D</i>.
<i>hoop</i>, <i>hope</i>, Sw. <i>hopp</i>, Dan. <i>haab</i>, MHG.
<i>hoffe</i>. <i>Hope</i> in <i>forlorn hope</i> is different word.
See <i>Forlorn hope</i>, under <u>Forlorn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A desire of some good, accompanied with an expectation of
obtaining it, or a belief that it is obtainable; an expectation of
something which is thought to be desirable; confidence; pleasing
expectancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hypocrite's <i>hope</i> shall perish.</blockquote>
<i>Job vii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He wished, but not with <i>hope</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>New thoughts of God, new <i>hopes</i> of
Heaven.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, gives hope,
furnishes ground of expectation, or promises desired good.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord will be the <i>hope</i> of his
people.</blockquote> <i>Joel iii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A young gentleman of great <i>hopes</i>, whose love of
learning was highly commendable.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is hoped for; an object of
hope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lavina is thine elder brother's
<i>hope</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hope</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hoped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hoping</u>.] [AS. <i>hopian</i>; akin to D. <i>hopen</i>, Sw.
<i>hopp&?;</i>, Dan. <i>haabe</i>, G. <i>hoffen</i>. See 2nd
<u>Hope</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To entertain or indulge hope;
to cherish a desire of good, or of something welcome, with
expectation of obtaining it or belief that it is obtainable; to
expect; -- usually followed by <i>for</i>.</def> "<i>Hope</i> for
good success."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But I will <i>hope</i> continually.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. lxxi. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place confidence; to trust with
confident expectation of good; -- usually followed by
<i>in</i>.</def> "I <i>hope</i> in thy word."  <i>Ps. cxix.
81.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why art thou cast down, O my soul? and why art thou
disquieted within me? <i>Hope</i> thou in God.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
xlii. 11.</i></p>

<p><! p. 705 !></p>

<p><hw>Hope</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To desire with expectation or with belief in the possibility or
prospect of obtaining; to look forward to as a thing desirable, with
the expectation of obtaining it; to cherish hopes of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>hope</i> no other from your
majesty.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Charity] <i>hopeth</i> all things.</blockquote> <i>1
Cor. xiii. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expect; to fear.</def> [Obs.] "I
<i>hope</i> he will be dead."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Hope</i> is often used colloquially regarding
uncertainties, with no reference to the future. "I <i>hope</i> she
takes me to be flesh and blood."  <i>Mrs. Centlivre.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hope"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of hope, or agreeable expectation; inclined to hope;
expectant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of their own natural inclination <i>hopeful</i>
and strongly conceited.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having qualities which excite hope;
affording promise of good or of success; as, a <i>hopeful</i> youth;
a <i>hopeful</i> prospect.</def> "<i>Hopeful</i> scholars."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Hope"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Hope"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hope"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Professor
<i>Hope</i>, of Edinburgh.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous phosphate of
zinc in transparent prismatic crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hope"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of hope; having no expectation of good;
despairing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a woman, friendless,
<i>hopeless</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Giving no ground of hope; promising
nothing desirable; desperate; as, a <i>hopeless</i> cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hopeless</i>word of "never to return"<BR>
Breathe I against thee, upon pain of life.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unhoped for; despaired of.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Hope"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Hope"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hopes.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hop"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a hopeful
manner.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hop"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
tool, weapon: cf. F. <i>hoplite</i>.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A
heavy-armed infantry soldier.</def>  <i>Milford.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hop"-o'-my-thumb"</hw> (?), <hw>Hop"-thumb"</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A very diminutive person.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>liwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hopped</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Impregnated with
hops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Hop</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, hops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A chute, box, or receptacle, usually
funnel-shaped with an opening at the lower part, for delivering or
feeding any material, as to a machine; as, the wooden box with its
trough through which grain passes into a mill by joining or shaking,
or a funnel through which fuel passes into a furnace, or coal, etc.,
into a car.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See <u>Grasshopper</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A game. See
<u>Hopscotch</u>.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>See <u>Grasshopper</u>, and <i>Frog hopper</i>, <i>Grape
hopper</i>, <i>Leaf hopper</i>, <i>Tree hopper</i>, under
<u>Frog</u>, <u>Grape</u>, <u>Leaf</u>, and <u>Tree</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The larva of a cheese fly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel for carrying
waste, garbage, etc., out to sea, so constructed as to discharge its
load by a mechanical contrivance; -- called also <i>dumping
scow</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bell and hopper</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>the
apparatus at the top of a blast furnace, through which the charge is
introduced, while the gases are retained.</cd> -- <col><b>Hopper
boy</b></col>, <cd>a rake in a mill, moving in a circle to spread
meal for drying, and to draw it over an opening in the floor, through
which it falls.</cd> -- <col><b>Hopper closet</b></col>, <cd>a water-
closet, without a movable pan, in which the receptacle is a funnel
standing on a draintrap.</cd> -- <col><b>Hopper cock</b></col>, <cd>a
faucet or valve for flushing the hopper of a water-closet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hop"per*ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gold
Washing)</i> <def>Gravel retaining in the hopper of a
cradle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hop`pes*tere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>An
unexplained epithet used by Chaucer in reference to ships. By some it
is defined as "dancing (on the wave)"; by others as "opposing,"
"warlike."</def>  <i>T. R. Lounsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hop"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A hand basket; also, a dish used by miners for measuring
ore.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An infant in arms.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hop"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one
who, or that which, hops; a jumping, frisking, or dancing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hopping Dick</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a thrush
of Jamaica (<i>Merula leucogenys</i>), resembling the English
blackbird in its familiar manners, agreeable song, and dark
plumage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hop"ping</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3rd <u>Hop</u>.]
<def>A gathering of hops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hop"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hoppled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hoppling</u> (?).] [From <u>Hop</u>; cf. <u>Hobble</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To impede by a hopple; to tie the feet of (a
horse or a cow) loosely together; to hamper; to hobble; as, to
<i>hopple</i> an unruly or straying horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To entangle; to hamper.</def>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hop"ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fetter for horses,
or cattle, when turned out to graze; -- chiefly used in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hop"ple*bush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hobblebush</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hop"po</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A collector of customs, as at Canton; an overseer of
commerce.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tribunal or commission
having charge of the revenue derived from trade and navigation.</def>
[China]</p>

<p><col><b>Hoppo men</b></col>, <cd>Chinese customhouse
officers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hop"scotch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A child's
game, in which a player, hopping on one foot, drives a stone from one
compartment to another of a figure traced or scotched on the ground;
-- called also <i>hoppers</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hop"-thumb`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Hop-o'-
my-thumb</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hop"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A field where
hops are raised.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>horalis</i>, fr.
<i>hora</i> hour. See <u>Hour</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to an hour,
or to hours.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho"ra*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Hourly.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ho"ra*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>horarius</i>,
fr. L. <i>hora</i> hour: cf. F. <i>horaire</i>. See <u>Hour</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an hour; noting the
hours.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Occurring once an hour; continuing an
hour; hourly; ephemeral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Horary</i>, or soon decaying, fruits of
summer.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Horary circles</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Circles</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ho*ra"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Horace, the Latin poet, or resembling his
style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horde</hw> (h&omacr;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>horde</i>
(cf. G. <i>horde</i>), fr. Turk. <i>ord&umacr;</i>,
<i>ord&imacr;</i>, camp; of Tartar origin.] <def>A wandering troop or
gang; especially, a clan or tribe of a nomadic people migrating from
place to place for the sake of pasturage, plunder, etc.; a predatory
multitude.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor*de"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hordeum</i>
barley.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from, barley;
as, <i>hordeic</i> acid, an acid identical or isomeric with
<i>lauric</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor"de*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>hordeum</i>
barley.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A peculiar starchy matter contained in
barley. It is a complex mixture.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Hor*de"o*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>hordeolus</i>, dim. of <i>hordeum</i> barley.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A small tumor upon the eyelid, resembling a grain of barley; a
sty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor"dock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An unidentified
plant mentioned by Shakespeare, perhaps equivalent to
<i>burdock</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hore</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hoar.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hore"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>horehune</i>, AS. <i>h&amacr;rhune</i>; <i>h&amacr;r</i> hoar,
gray + <i>hune</i> horehound; cf. L. <i>cunila</i> a species of
organum, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>kn&?;y</i> to smell.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the genus <i>Marrubium</i> (<i>M. vulgare</i>), which has a
bitter taste, and is a weak tonic, used as a household remedy for
colds, coughing, etc.</def> [Written also <i>hoarhound</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Fetid horehound</b></col>, or <col><b>Black
horehound</b></col>, <cd>a disagreeable plant resembling horehound
(<i>Ballota nigra</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Water horehound</b></col>,
<cd>a species of the genus <i>Lycopus</i>, resembling mint, but not
aromatic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ho*ri"zon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>horizon</i>, fr. Gr. &?; (sc. &?;) the bounding line, horizon, fr.
&?; to bound, fr. &?; boundary, limit.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
circle which bounds that part of the earth's surface visible to a
spectator from a given point; the apparent junction of the earth and
sky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And when the morning sun shall raise his car<BR>
Above the border of this <i>horizon</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>horizon</i> round<BR>
Invested with bright rays.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
plane passing through the eye of the spectator and at right angles to
the vertical at a given place; a plane tangent to the earth's surface
at that place; called distinctively the <i>sensible
horizon</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A plane parallel to the
sensible horizon of a place, and passing through the earth's center;
-- called also <i>rational or celestial horizon</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The unbroken line separating
sky and water, as seen by an eye at a given elevation, no land being
visible.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The epoch or time during
which a deposit was made.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The strata all over the earth, which were formed at
the same time, are said to belong to the same geological
<i>horizon</i>.</blockquote> <i>Le Conte.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Painting)</i> <def>The chief horizontal
line in a picture of any sort, which determines in the picture the
height of the eye of the spectator; in an extended landscape, the
representation of the natural horizon corresponds with this
line.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Apparent horizon</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Apparent</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Artificial horizon</b></col>, <cd>a
level mirror, as the surface of mercury in a shallow vessel, or a
plane reflector adjusted to the true level artificially; -- used
chiefly with the sextant for observing the double altitude of a
celestial body.</cd> -- <col><b>Celestial horizon</b></col>.
<i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See def. 2, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Dip of the
horizon</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the vertical angle between
the sensible horizon and a line to the visible horizon, the latter
always being below the former.</cd> -- <col><b>Rational
horizon</b></col>, and <col><b>Sensible horizon</b></col>.
<i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See def. 2, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Visible
horizon</b></col>. <cd>See definitions 1 and 2, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hor`i*zon"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>horizontal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or near,
the horizon.</def> "<i>Horizontal</i> misty air."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Parallel to the horizon; on a level; as, a
<i>horizontal</i>line or surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Measured or contained in a plane of the
horizon; as, <i>horizontal</i> distance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Horizontal drill</b></col>, <cd>a drilling machine having
a horizontal drill spindle.</cd> -- <col><b>Horizontal
engine</b></col>, <cd>one the piston of which works
horizontally.</cd> -- <col><b>Horizontal fire</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the fire of ordnance and small arms at point-blank
range or at low angles of elevation.</cd> -- <col><b>Horizontal
force</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the horizontal component of the
earth's magnetic force.</cd> -- <col><b>Horizontal line</b></col>
<i>(Descriptive Geometry &amp; Drawing)</i>, <cd>a constructive line,
either drawn or imagined, which passes through the point of sight,
and is the chief line in the projection upon which all verticals are
fixed, and upon which all vanishing points are found.</cd> --
<col><b>Horizontal parallax</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Parallax</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horizontal plane</b></col>
<i>(Descriptive Geometry)</i>, <cd>a plane parallel to the horizon,
upon which it is assumed that objects are projected. See
<u>Projection</u>. It is upon the horizontal plane that the ground
plan of the buildings is supposed to be drawn.</cd> --
<col><b>Horizontal projection</b></col>, <cd>a projection made on a
plane parallel to the horizon.</cd> -- <col><b>Horizontal
range</b></col> <i>(Gunnery)</i>, <cd>the distance in a horizontal
plane to which a gun will throw a projectile.</cd> --
<col><b>Horizontal water wheel</b></col>, <cd>a water wheel in which
the axis is vertical, the buckets or floats revolving in a horizontal
plane, as in most turbines.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hor`i*zon*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>horizontalit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being
horizontal.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor`i*zon"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
horizontal direction or position; on a level; as, moving
<i>horizontally</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hor`mo*go*ni"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;a chain + &?; generation.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A chain of small
cells in certain alg&aelig;, by which the plant is
propagated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>horn</i>; akin to
D. <i>horen</i>, <i>hoorn</i>, G., Icel., Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>horn</i>,
Goth. <i>ha&uacute;rn</i>, W., Gael., &amp; Ir. <i>corn</i>, L.
<i>cornu</i>, Gr. &?;, and perh. also to E. <i>cheer</i>,
<i>cranium</i>, <i>cerebral</i>; cf. Skr. <i>&ccedil;iras</i> head.
Cf. <u>Carat</u>, <u>Corn</u> on the foot, <u>Cornea</u>,
<u>Corner</u>, <u>Cornet</u>, <u>Cornucopia</u>, <u>Hart</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hard, projecting, and usually pointed
organ, growing upon the heads of certain animals, esp. of the
ruminants, as cattle, goats, and the like. The hollow horns of the Ox
family consist externally of true horn, and are never shed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The antler of a deer, which is of bone
throughout, and annually shed and renewed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any natural projection
or excrescence from an animal, resembling or thought to resemble a
horn in substance or form; esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A projection
from the beak of a bird, as in the hornbill. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A
tuft of feathers on the head of a bird, as in the horned owl.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A hornlike projection from the head or thorax of
an insect, or the head of a reptile, or fish. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> A
sharp spine in front of the fins of a fish, as in the horned
pout.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An incurved, tapering and
pointed appendage found in the flowers of the milkweed
(<i>Asclepias</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Something made of a horn, or in
resemblance of a horn</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A wind
instrument of music; originally, one made of a horn (of an ox or a
ram); now applied to various elaborately wrought instruments of brass
or other metal, resembling a horn in shape.</def> "Wind his
<i>horn</i> under the castle wall."  <i>Spenser.</i> See <i>French
horn</i>, under <u>French</u>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A drinking
cup, or beaker, as having been originally made of the horns of
cattle.</def> "<i>Horns</i> of mead and ale." <i>Mason.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The cornucopia, or horn of plenty.</def> See
<u>Cornucopia</u>. "Fruits and flowers from Amalth&aelig;a's
<i>horn</i>." <i>Milton.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A vessel made
of a horn; esp., one designed for containing powder; anciently, a
small vessel for carrying liquids.</def> "Samuel took the
<i>horn</i>of oil and anointed him [David]." <i>1 Sam. xvi. 13.</i>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The pointed beak of an anvil.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>The high pommel of a saddle; also, either of
the projections on a lady's saddle for supporting the leg.</def>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The Ionic volute.</def>
<sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The outer end of a crosstree;
also, one of the projections forming the jaws of a gaff, boom,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A curved
projection on the fore part of a plane.</def> <sd><i>(j)</i></sd>
<def>One of the projections at the four corners of the Jewish altar
of burnt offering.</def>  "Joab . . . caught hold on the <i>horns</i>
of the altar." <i>1 Kings ii. 28.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>One of the curved ends of a crescent;
esp., an extremity or cusp of the moon when crescent-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moon<BR>
Wears a wan circle round her blunted <i>horns</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The curving extremity of the
wing of an army or of a squadron drawn up in a crescentlike
form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sharpening in mooned <i>horns</i><BR>
Their phalanx.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The tough, fibrous material of which true
horns are composed, being, in the Ox family, chiefly albuminous, with
some phosphate of lime; also, any similar substance, as that which
forms the hoof crust of horses, sheep, and cattle; as, a spoon of
<i>horn</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>A symbol of strength,
power, glory, exaltation, or pride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord is . . . the <i>horn</i> of my
salvation.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xviii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>An emblem of a cuckold; -- used chiefly
in the plural.</def> "Thicker than a cuckold's <i>horn</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Horn block</b></col>, <cd>the frame or pedestal in which a
railway car axle box slides up and down; -- also called <i>horn
plate</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horn of a dilemma</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Dilemma</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horn distemper</b></col>, <cd>a
disease of cattle, affecting the internal substance of the horn.</cd>
-- <col><b>Horn drum</b></col>, <cd>a wheel with long curved scoops,
for raising water.</cd> -- <col><b>Horn lead</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>chloride of lead.</cd> -- <col><b>Horn
maker</b></col>, <cd>a maker of cuckolds.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Horn mercury</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Horn
quicksilver</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Horn poppy</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant allied to the poppy (<i>Glaucium
luteum</i>), found on the sandy shores of Great Britain and Virginia;
-- called also <i>horned poppy</i>.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Horn
pox</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>abortive smallpox with an eruption
like that of chicken pox.</cd> -- <col><b>Horn quicksilver</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>native calomel, or bichloride of mercury.</cd> --
<col><b>Horn shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any long,
sharp, spiral, gastropod shell, of the genus <i>Cerithium</i>, and
allied genera.</cd> -- <col><b>Horn silver</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>cerargyrite.</cd> -- <col><b>Horn slate</b></col>, <cd>a gray,
siliceous stone.</cd> -- <col><b>To haul in one's horns</b></col>,
<cd>to withdraw some arrogant pretension.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>raise, or lift</b></col>, <col><b>the
horn</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>to exalt one's self; to act
arrogantly.</cd> "'Gainst them that raised thee dost thou <i>lift</i>
thy <i>horn</i>?" <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>To take a horn</b></col>,
<cd>to take a drink of intoxicating liquor.</cd> [Low]
</p>

<p><hw>Horn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To furnish with horns; to give the shape of a horn to.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to wear horns; to cuckold.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Horn"beak`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fish. See
<u>Hornfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Beam</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree of the genus <i>Carpinus</i> (<i>C.
Americana</i>), having a smooth gray bark and a ridged trunk, the
wood being white and very hard. It is common along the banks of
streams in the United States, and is also called <i>ironwood</i>. The
English hornbeam is <i>C. Betulus</i>. The American is called also
<i>blue beech</i> and <i>water beech</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hop hornbeam</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Hop</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Horn"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any bird of the family <i>Bucerotid&aelig;</i>, of which about
sixty species are known, belonging to numerous genera. They inhabit
the tropical parts of Asia, Africa, and the East Indies, and are
remarkable for having a more or less horn-like protuberance, which is
usually large and hollow and is situated on the upper side of the
beak. The size of the hornbill varies from that of a pigeon to that
of a raven, or even larger. They feed chiefly upon fruit, but some
species eat dead animals.</def></p>

<p><! p. 706 !></p>

<p><hw>Horn"blende`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>horn</i> horn + <i>blende</i> blende.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The
common black, or dark green or brown, variety of amphibole. (See
<u>Amphibole</u>.) It belongs to the aluminous division of the
species, and is also characterized by its containing considerable
iron. Also used as a general term to include the whole
species.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hornblende schist</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a
hornblende rock of schistose structure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Horn*blend"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed
largely of hornblende; resembling or relating to
hornblende.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"blow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hornbl&amacr;were</i>.] <def>One who, or that which, blows a
horn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The first book for children, or that from which in former times
they learned their letters and rudiments; -- so called because a
sheet of horn covered the small, thin board of oak, or the slip of
paper, on which the alphabet, digits, and often the Lord's Prayer,
were written or printed; a primer.</def> "He teaches boys the
<i>hornbook</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A book containing the rudiments of any
science or branch of knowledge; a manual; a handbook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"bug`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large nocturnal beetle of the genus <i>Lucanus</i> (as <i>L.
capreolus</i>, and <i>L. dama</i>), having long, curved upper jaws,
resembling a sickle. The grubs are found in the trunks of old
trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a
horn or horns; furnished with a hornlike process or appendage; as,
<i>horned</i> cattle; having some part shaped like a horn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>horned</i> moon with one bright star<BR>
Within the nether tip.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Horned bee</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a British
wild bee (<i>Osmia bicornis</i>), having two little horns on the
head.</cd> -- <col><b>Horned dace</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an American cyprinoid fish (<i>Semotilus corporialis</i>) common
in brooks and ponds; the common chub. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Chub</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horned frog</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very large Brazilian frog (<i>Ceratophrys
cornuta</i>), having a pair of triangular horns arising from the
eyelids.</cd> -- <col><b>Horned grebe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a species of grebe (<i>Colymbus auritus</i>), of Arctic Europe
and America, having two dense tufts of feathers on the head.</cd> --
<col><b>Horned horse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the gnu.</cd>
-- <col><b>Horned lark</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the shore
lark.</cd> -- <col><b>Horned lizard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the horned toad.</cd> -- <col><b>Horned owl</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large North American owl (<i>Bubo
Virginianus</i>), having a pair of elongated tufts of feathers on the
head. Several distinct varieties are known; as, the Arctic, Western,
dusky, and striped <i>horned owls</i>, differing in color, and
inhabiting different regions; -- called also <i>great horned owl</i>,
<i>horn owl</i>, <i>eagle owl</i>, and <i>cat owl</i>. Sometimes also
applied to the <i>long-eared owl</i>. See <i>Eared owl</i>, under
<u>Eared</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horned poppy</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Horn poppy</i>, under <u>Horn</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horned
pout</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American fresh-water
siluroid fish; the bullpout.</cd> -- <col><b>Horned rattler</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species of rattlesnake (<i>Crotalus
cerastes</i>), inhabiting the dry, sandy plains, from California to
Mexico. It has a pair of triangular horns between the eyes; -- called
also <i>sidewinder</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horned ray</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the sea devil.</cd> -- <col><b>Horned
screamer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the kamichi.</cd> --
<col><b>Horned snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
cerastes.</cd> -- <col><b>Horned toad</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any lizard of the genus <i>Phrynosoma</i>, of which nine or ten
species are known. These lizards have several hornlike spines on the
head, and a broad, flat body, covered with spiny scales. They inhabit
the dry, sandy plains from California to Mexico and Texas. Called
also <i>horned lizard</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horned viper</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Cerastes</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Horn"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition
of being horned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European sand eel.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Horn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who works or deal in horn or horns.</def> [R.]
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who winds or blows the horn.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who horns or cuckolds.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The British sand lance
or sand eel (<i>Ammodytes lanceolatus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hyrnet</i>;
akin to OHG. <i>hornaz</i>, <i>hornuz</i>, G. <i>horniss</i>; perh.
akin to E. <i>horn</i>, and named from the sound it makes as if
blowing the horn; but more prob. akin to D. <i>horzel</i>, Lith.
<i>szirszone</i>, L. <i>crabo</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large,
strong wasp. The European species (<i>Vespa crabro</i>) is of a dark
brown and yellow color. It is very pugnacious, and its sting is very
severe. Its nest is constructed of a paperlike material, and the
layers of comb are hung together by columns. The American white-faced
hornet (<i>V. maculata</i>) is larger and has similar
habits.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hornet fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
dipterous insect of the genus <i>Asilus</i>, and allied genera, of
which there are numerous species. They are large and fierce flies
which capture bees and other insects, often larger than themselves,
and suck their blood. Called also <i>hawk fly</i>, <i>robber
fly</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To stir up a hornet's nest</b></col>, <cd>to
provoke the attack of a swarm of spiteful enemies or spirited
critics.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Horn"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hornfisc</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The garfish or sea
needle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having hoofs;
hoofed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Horn</i> +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To horn; to cuckold.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Horn"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Appearance of the
moon when increasing, or in the form of a crescent.</def>  <i>J.
Gregory.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Letters of horning</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>, <cd>the
process or authority by which a person, directed by the decree of a
court of justice to pay or perform anything, is ordered to comply
therewith.</cd>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Horn"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat like horn;
hard.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hor*ni"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A dim. fr. Sp.
<i>horno</i> oven, L. <i>furnus</i>. See <u>Furnace</u>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A low, oven-shaped mound, common in volcanic
regions, and emitting smoke and vapors from its sides and
summit.</def>  <i>Humboldt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Horn"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
horn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"-mad`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Quite mad; --
raving crazy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did I tell you about Mr. Garrick, that the town are
<i>horn-mad</i> after?</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor"no*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hornotinus</i> of this year.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A yearling;
a bird of the year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"owl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Horned Owl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"pike`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
garfish.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Horn"pipe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument of music formerly popular in
Wales, consisting of a wooden pipe, with holes at intervals. It was
so called because the bell at the open end was sometimes made of
horn.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A lively tune played on a
hornpipe, for dancing; a tune adapted for such playing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many a <i>hornpipe</i> he tuned to his
Phyllis.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A dance performed, usually by one person, to
such a tune, and popular among sailors.</p>

<p><hw>Horn"pout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <i>Horned pout</i>, under <u>Horned</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"snake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A harmless snake (<i>Farancia abacura</i>), found in the
Southern United States. The color is bluish black above, red
below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A siliceous stone, a variety of quartz, closely resembling
flint, but more brittle; -- called also <i>chert</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of family (<i>Urocerid&aelig;</i>) of large
hymenopterous insects, allied to the sawflies. The larv&aelig; bore
in the wood of trees. So called from the long, stout ovipositors of
the females.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fort.)</i>
<def>An outwork composed of two demibastions joined by a curtain. It
is connected with the works in rear by long wings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An aquatic plant (<i>Ceratophyllum</i>), with finely divided
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"wrack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bryozoan of the genus <i>Flustra</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Hornier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Horniest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having horns or hornlike projections.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Composed or made of horn, or of a
substance resembling horn; of the nature of horn.</def> "The
<i>horny</i> . . . coat of the eye."  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hard; callous.</def> "His <i>horny</i>
fist."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Horn"y-hand`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
hands horny and callous from labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horn"y*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any North American river chub of the genus
<i>Hybopsis</i>, esp. <i>H. biguttatus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*rog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; hour +
<i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>horographie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An account of the hours.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of constructing instruments for
making the hours, as clocks, watches, and dials.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor"o*loge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>horologe</i>, <i>orloge</i>, timepiece, OF. <i>horloge</i>,
<i>orloge</i>, <i>oriloge</i>, F. <i>horloge</i>, L.
<i>horologium</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; &?; hour + &?; to say, tell. See
<u>Hour</u>, and <u>Logic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A servant who
called out the hours.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument indicating the time of day;
a timepiece of any kind; a watch, clock, or dial.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho*rol"o*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maker or
vender of clocks and watches; one skilled in horology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>horologicus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Relating to a horologe, or to
horology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor`o*lo`gi*og"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Horologiography</u>.] <def>A maker of clocks, watches, or
dials.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor`o*lo`gi*o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to horologiography.</def>  <i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor`o*lo`gi*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
horologe + <i>-graphy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An account of
instruments that show the hour.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of constructing clocks or dials;
horography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*rol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in horology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*rol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Horologe</u>.] <def>The science of measuring time, or the
principles and art of constructing instruments for measuring and
indicating portions of time, as clocks, watches, dials,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; hour +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor`o*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging
to horometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*rom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>horom&eacute;trie</i>. See <u>Horometer</u>.] <def>The art,
practice, or method of measuring time by hours and subordinate
divisions.</def> "The <i>horometry</i> of antiquity."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho*rop"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; boundary +
&?; one who looks.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The line or surface in which
are situated all the points which are seen single while the point of
sight, or the adjustment of the eyes, remains unchanged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sum of all the points which are seen single, while
the point of sight remains unchanged, is called the
<i>horopter</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Le Conte.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor`op*ter"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the horopter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>horoscope</i>, L. <i>horoscopus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, adj., observing
hours or times, esp. observing the hour of birth,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, a horoscope; &?; hour + &?; to view, observe.
See <u>Hour</u>, and <u>-scope</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astrol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The representation made of
the aspect of the heavens at the moment of a person's birth, by which
the astrologer professed to foretell the events of the person's life;
especially, the sign of the zodiac rising above the horizon at such a
moment.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The diagram or scheme of
twelve houses or signs of the zodiac, into which the whole circuit of
the heavens was divided for the purposes of such prediction of
fortune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The planisphere invented by Jean
Paduanus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A table showing the length of the days and
nights at all places.</def>  <i>Heyse.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hor"o*sco`per</hw> (?), <hw>Ho*ros"co*pist</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in horoscopy; an
astrologer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho*ros"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art or practice of casting horoscopes, or observing the
disposition of the stars, with a view to prediction events.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Aspect of the stars at the time of a
person's birth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor*ren"dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>horrendus</i>.] <def>Fearful; frightful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>horrens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>horrere</i> to bristle. See <u>Horror</u>.] <def>Standing
erect, as bristles; covered with bristling points; bristled;
bristling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rough and <i>horrent</i> with figures in strong
relief.</blockquote>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With bright emblazonry and <i>horrent</i>
arms.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor"ri*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>horrible</i>, <i>orrible</i>, OF. <i>horrible</i>, <i>orrible</i>,
F. <i>horrible</i>, fr. L. <i>horribilis</i>, fr. <i>horrere</i>. See
<u>Horror</u>.] <def>Exciting, or tending to excite, horror or fear;
dreadful; terrible; shocking; hideous; as, a <i>horrible</i> sight; a
<i>horrible</i> story; a <i>horrible</i> murder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dungeon <i>horrible</i> on all sides
round.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dreadful; frightful; fearful; terrible; awful;
terrific; shocking; hideous; horrid.</p>

<p><hw>Hor"ri*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being horrible; dreadfulness; hideousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>horribleness</i> of the mischief.</blockquote>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor"ri*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner to
excite horror; dreadfully; terribly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>horridus</i>.
See <u>Horror</u>, and cf. <u>Ordure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rough; rugged; bristling.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Horrid</i> with fern, and intricate with
thorn.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to excite horror; dreadful;
hideous; shocking; hence, very offensive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not in the legions<BR>
Of <i>horrid</i> hell.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>horrid</i> things they say.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Frightful; hideous; alarming; shocking; dreadful;
awful; terrific; horrible; abominable.</p>

<p><hw>Hor"rid*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a horrid
manner.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor"rid*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being horrid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor*rif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>horrifieus</i>; <i>horrere</i> to be horrible + <i>-ficare</i> (in
comp.) to make: cf. F. <i>horrifique</i>. See <u>Horror</u>, <u>-
fy</u>.] <def>Causing horror; frightful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let . . . nothing ghastly or <i>horrific</i> be
supposed.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which causes horror.</def> [R.]  <i>Miss Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Horrified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Horrifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>horrificare</i>. See <u>Horrific</u>.]
<def>To cause to feel horror; to strike or impress with horror; as,
the sight <i>horrified</i> the beholders.</def>  <i>E.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor*rip`i*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>horripilatio</i>, fr. <i>horripilare</i> to bristle;
<i>horrere</i> to bristle + <i>pilus</i> the hair: cf. F.
<i>horripilation</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A real or fancied bristling
of the hair of the head or body, resulting from disease, terror,
chilliness, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor*ris"o*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Horrisonous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hor*ris"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>horrisonus</i>; <i>horrere</i> to be horrible + <i>sonus</i> a
sound.] <def>Sounding dreadfully; uttering a terrible sound.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor"ror</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly written
<i>horrour</i>.] [L. <i>horror</i>, fr. <i>horrere</i> to bristle, to
shiver, to tremble with cold or dread, to be dreadful or terrible;
cf. Skr. <i>h&?;sh</i> to bristle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bristling up; a rising into roughness; tumultuous movement.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such fresh <i>horror</i> as you see driven through the
wrinkled waves.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shaking, shivering, or shuddering, as in
the cold fit which precedes a fever; in old medical writings, a chill
of less severity than a <i>rigor</i>, and more marked than an
<i>algor</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A painful emotion of fear, dread, and
abhorrence; a shuddering with terror and detestation; the feeling
inspired by something frightful and shocking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How could this, in the sight of heaven, without
<i>horrors</i> of conscience be uttered?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which excites horror or dread, or is
horrible; gloom; dreariness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Breathes a browner <i>horror</i> on the
woods.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The horrors</b></col>, <cd>delirium tremens.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 707 !></p>

<p><hw>Hor"ror-stick`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Struck
with horror; horrified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blank and <i>horror-stricken</i> faces.</blockquote>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor"ror-struck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Horror-
stricken; horrified.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hors` de com`bat"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>Out of the combat;
disabled from fighting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse</hw> (h&ocirc;rs), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hors</i>; akin to OS. <i>hros</i>, D. &amp; OHG. <i>ros</i>, G.
<i>ross</i>, Icel. <i>hross</i>; and perh. to L. <i>currere</i> to
run, E. <i>course</i>, <i>current</i> Cf. <u>Walrus</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hoofed quadruped of the
genus <i>Equus</i>; especially, the domestic horse (<i>E.
caballus</i>), which was domesticated in Egypt and Asia at a very
early period. It has six broad molars, on each side of each jaw, with
six incisors, and two canine teeth, both above and below. The mares
usually have the canine teeth rudimentary or wanting. The horse
differs from the true asses, in having a long, flowing mane, and the
tail bushy to the base. Unlike the asses it has callosities, or
chestnuts, on all its legs. The horse excels in strength, speed,
docility, courage, and nobleness of character, and is used for
drawing, carrying, bearing a rider, and like purposes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many varieties, differing in form, size, color, gait,
speed, etc., are known, but all are believed to have been derived
from the same original species. It is supposed to have been a native
of the plains of Central Asia, but the wild species from which it was
derived is not certainly known. The feral horses of America are
domestic horses that have run wild; and it is probably true that most
of those of Asia have a similar origin. Some of the true wild Asiatic
horses do, however, approach the domestic horse in several
characteristics.<BR>
   Several species of fossil (<i>Equus</i>) are known from the later
Tertiary formations of Europe and America. The fossil species of
other genera of the family <i>Equid&aelig;</i> are also often called
<i>horses</i>, in general sense.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The male of the genus horse, in
distinction from the female or male; usually, a castrated
male.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mounted soldiery; cavalry; -- used without
the plural termination; as, a regiment of <i>horse</i>; --
distinguished from <i>foot</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The armies were appointed, consisting of twenty-five
thousand <i>horse</i> and foot.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A frame with legs, used to support
something; as, a clothes<i>horse</i>, a saw<i>horse</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A frame of timber, shaped like a horse, on
which soldiers were made to ride for punishment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Anything, actual or figurative, on which
one rides as on a horse; a hobby.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A mass of earthy matter,
or rock of the same character as the wall rock, occurring in the
course of a vein, as of coal or ore; hence, to <i>take horse</i> --
said of a vein -- is to divide into branches for a
distance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>See
<u>Footrope</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A breastband for a leadsman.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An
iron bar for a sheet traveler to slide upon.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A jackstay.</def> <i>W. C. Russell.</i>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Horse</i> is much used adjectively and in composition to
signify <i>of</i>, or <i>having to do with</i>, <i>a horse</i> or
<i>horses</i>, <i>like a horse</i>, etc.; as, <i>horse</i> collar,
<i>horse</i> dealer or <i>horse</i>&?;dealer, <i>horse</i>hoe,
<i>horse</i> jockey; and hence, often in the sense of <i>strong</i>,
<i>loud</i>, <i>coarse</i>, etc.; as, <i>horse</i>laugh, <i>horse</i>
nettle or <i>horse</i>-nettle, <i>horse</i>play, <i>horse</i> ant,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Black horse</b></col>, <col><b>Blood horse</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Black</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse
aloes</b></col>, <cd>caballine aloes.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse
ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large ant (<i>Formica
rufa</i>); -- called also <i>horse emmet</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse
artillery</b></col>, <cd>that portion of the artillery in which the
cannoneers are mounted, and which usually serves with the cavalry;
flying artillery.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse balm</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a strong-scented labiate plant (<i>Collinsonia Canadensis</i>),
having large leaves and yellowish flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse
bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a variety of the English or Windsor
bean (<i>Faba vulgaris</i>), grown for feeding horses.</cd> --
<col><b>Horse boat</b></col>, <cd>a boat for conveying horses and
cattle, or a boat propelled by horses.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse
bot</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Botfly</u>, and
<u>Bots</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse box</b></col>, <cd>a railroad car
for transporting valuable horses, as hunters.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Horse</b></col> <col><b>breaker or trainer</b></col>, <cd>one
employed in subduing or training horses for use.</cd> --
<col><b>Horse car</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A railroad car
drawn by horses. See under <u>Car</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
car fitted for transporting horses.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse
cassia</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leguminous plant (<i>Cassia
Javanica</i>), bearing long pods, which contain a black, catharic
pulp, much used in the East Indies as a horse medicine.</cd> --
<col><b>Horse cloth</b></col>, <cd>a cloth to cover a horse.</cd> --
<col><b>Horse conch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large,
spiral, marine shell of the genus Triton. See <u>Triton</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Horse courser</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One that
runs horses, or keeps horses for racing.</cd> <i>Johnson.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A dealer in horses.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Wiseman.</i> -- <col><b>Horse crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the Limulus; -- called also <i>horsefoot</i>, <i>horsehoe
crab</i>, and <i>king crab</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse
crevall&eacute;</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cavally.</cd>
-- <col><b>Horse emmet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the horse
ant.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse finch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the chaffinch.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Horse
gentian</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>fever root.</cd> --
<col><b>Horse iron</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a large calking
iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse latitudes</b></col>, <cd>a space in the
North Atlantic famous for calms and baffling winds, being between the
westerly winds of higher latitudes and the trade winds.</cd> <i>Ham.
Nav. Encyc.</i> -- <col><b>Horse mackrel</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The common tunny
(<i>Orcynus thunnus</i>), found on the Atlantic coast of Europe and
America, and in the Mediterranean.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
bluefish (<i>Pomatomus saltatrix</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>The scad.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>The name is locally
applied to various other fishes, as the California hake, the black
candlefish, the jurel, the bluefish, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse
marine</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an awkward, lubbery person; one
of a mythical body of marine cavalry.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>Horse
mussel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large, marine mussel
(<i>Modiola modiolus</i>), found on the northern shores of Europe and
America.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse nettle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
coarse, prickly, American herb, the <i>Solanum Carolinense</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Horse parsley</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Alexanders</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse purslain</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a coarse fleshy weed of tropical America
(<i>Trianthema monogymnum</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Horse race</b></col>,
<cd>a race by horses; a match of horses in running or trotting.</cd>
-- <col><b>Horse racing</b></col>, <cd>the practice of racing with
horses.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse railroad</b></col>, <cd>a railroad on
which the cars are drawn by horses; -- in England, and sometimes in
the United States, called a <i>tramway</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse
run</b></col> <i>(Civil Engin.)</i>, <cd>a device for drawing loaded
wheelbarrows up an inclined plane by horse power.</cd> --
<col><b>Horse sense</b></col>, <cd>strong common sense.</cd> [Colloq.
U.S.] -- <col><b>Horse soldier</b></col>, <cd>a cavalryman.</cd> --
<col><b>Horse sponge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large,
coarse, commercial sponge (<i>Spongia equina</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Horse stinger</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, a large dragon
fly. [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Horse sugar</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a shrub of the southern part of the United States (<i>Symplocos
tinctoria</i>), whose leaves are sweet, and good for fodder.</cd> --
<col><b>Horse tick</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a winged,
dipterous insect (<i>Hippobosca equina</i>), which troubles horses by
biting them, and sucking their blood; -- called also <i>horsefly</i>,
<i>horse louse</i>, and <i>forest fly</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse
vetch</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Hippocrepis</i> (<i>H. comosa</i>), cultivated for the beauty of
its flowers; -- called also <i>horsehoe vetch</i>, from the peculiar
shape of its pods.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron horse</b></col>, <cd>a
locomotive.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Salt horse</b></col>, <cd>the
sailor's name for salt beef.</cd> -- <col><b>To look a gift horse in
the mouth</b></col>, <cd>to examine the mouth of a horse which has
been received as a gift, in order to ascertain his age; -- hence, to
accept favors in a critical and thankless spirit.</cd> <i>Lowell.</i>
-- <col><b>To take horse</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To set
out on horseback.</cd> <i>Macaulay.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be
covered, as a mare.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>See definition 7
(above).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Horse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Horsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Horsing</u>.] [AS. <i>horsion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
provide with a horse, or with horses; to mount on, or as on, a
horse.</def> "Being better <i>horsed</i>, outrode me."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sit astride of; to bestride.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cover, as a mare; -- said of the
male.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take or carry on the back; as, the
keeper, <i>horsing</i> a deer.</def>  <i>S. Butler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To place on the back of another, or on a
wooden horse, etc., to be flogged; to subject to such
punishment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To get on
horseback.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Horse"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The back of a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An extended ridge of sand, gravel, and
bowlders, in a half-stratified condition.</def>  <i>Agassiz.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On horseback</b></col>, <cd>on the back of a horse;
mounted or riding on a horse or horses; in the saddle.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The long journey was to be performed <i>on
horseback</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Horse`-chest"nut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The large nutlike seed of a species of
<i>&AElig;sculus</i> (<i>&AElig;. Hippocastanum</i>), formerly
ground, and fed to horses, whence the name.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The tree itself, which was brought from Constantinople in the
beginning of the sixteenth century, and is now common in the
temperate zones of both hemispheres. The native American species are
called <i>buckeyes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"-drench`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dose of physic for a horse.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The appliance by which the dose is
administered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The moonfish (<i>Selene
setipinnis</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sauger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"flesh`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The flesh of horses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Chinese eat <i>horseflesh</i> at this
day.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Horses, generally; the qualities of a
horse; as, he is a judge of <i>horseflesh</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Horseflesh ore</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a miner's name
for bornite, in allusion to its peculiar reddish color on fresh
facture.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Horse"fly`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Horseflies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any dipterous fly of the family
<i>Tabanid&aelig;</i>, that stings horses, and sucks their
blood.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Of these flies there are numerous species, both in Europe
and America. They have a large proboscis with four sharp lancets for
piercing the skin. Called also <i>breeze fly</i>. See <i>Illust.</i>
under <u>Diptera</u>, and <u>Breeze fly</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The horse tick or
forest fly (<i>Hippobosca</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Horsefeet</b></plw> (#). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The coltsfoot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Limulus or
horseshoe crab.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse" Guards`</hw> (?). <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A body of cavalry
so called; esp., a British regiment, called the Royal Horse Guards,
which furnishes guards of state for the sovereign.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Horse Guards</b></col>, <cd>a name given to the former
headquarters of the commander in chief of the British army, at
Whitehall in London.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Horse"hair`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hair of a
horse, especially one from the mane or tail; the hairs of the mane or
tail taken collectively; a fabric or tuft made of such
hairs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Horsehair worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hair
worm or gordius.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Horse"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The silver moonfish (<i>Selene vomer</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"hide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The hide of a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Leather made of the hide of a
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"-jock`ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A professional rider and trainer of race
horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trainer and dealer in horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"knop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Knapweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"laugh`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A loud,
boisterous laugh; a guffaw.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Horse"-leech`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large blood-sucking
leech (<i>H&aelig;mopsis vorax</i>), of Europe and Northern Africa.
It attacks the lips and mouths of horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A farrier; a veterinary surgeon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"-leech`er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
business of a farrier; especially, the art of curing the diseases of
horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"-lit`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A carriage
hung on poles, and borne by and between two horses.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Horse"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Horsemen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rider on
horseback; one skilled in the management of horses; a mounted
man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A mounted soldier; a
cavalryman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
land crab of the genus <i>Ocypoda</i>, living on the coast of Brazil
and the West Indies, noted for running very swiftly.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A West Indian fish of the genus
<i>Eques</i>, as the light-horseman (<i>E.
lanceolatus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or art
of riding, and of training and managing horses; manege.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"mint`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A coarse American plant of the Mint family
(<i>Monarda punctata</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In England,
the wild mint (<i>Mentha sylvestris</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"nail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thin,
pointed nail, with a heavy flaring head, for securing a horsehoe to
the hoof; a horsehoe nail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"play`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rude,
boisterous play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too much given to <i>horseplay</i> in his
raillery.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Horse"pond`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pond for
watering horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse" pow`er</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The power
which a horse exerts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A unit of power, used in
stating the power required to drive machinery, and in estimating the
capabilities of animals or steam engines and other prime movers for
doing work. It is the power required for the performance of work at
the rate of 33,000 English units of work per minute; hence, it is the
power that must be exerted in lifting 33,000 pounds at the rate of
one foot per minute, or 550 pounds at the rate of one foot per
second, or 55 pounds at the rate of ten feet per second,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The power of a draught horse, of average strength, working
eight hours per day, is about four fifths of a standard <i>horse
power</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Brake horse power</b></col>, <cd>the net effective power
of a prime mover, as a steam engine, water wheel, etc., in horse
powers, as shown by a friction brake. See <i>Friction brake</i>,
under <u>Friction</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indicated horse
power</b></col>, <cd>the power exerted in the cylinder of an engine,
stated in horse powers, estimated from the diameter and speed of the
piston, and the mean effective pressure upon it as shown by an
indicator. See <u>Indicator</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Nominal horse
power</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a term still sometimes
used in England to express certain proportions of cylinder, but
having no value as a standard of measurement.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A machine worked by a horse, for driving
other machinery; a horse motor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"-rad`ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant of the genus <i>Nasturtium</i> (<i>N. Armoracia</i>),
allied to scurvy grass, having a root of a pungent taste, much used,
when grated, as a condiment and in medicine.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Horse-radish tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Moringa</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Horse"rake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rake drawn
by a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"shoe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A shoe for horses, consisting of a narrow plate of iron in form
somewhat like the letter <sansserif>U</sansserif>, nailed to a
horse's hoof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything shaped like a horsehoe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Limulus or
horsehoe crab.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Horsehoe head</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an old name for
the condition of the skull in children, in which the sutures are too
open, the coronal suture presenting the form of a horsehoe.</cd>
<i>Dunglison.</i> -- <col><b>Horsehoe magnet</b></col>, <cd>an
artificial magnet in the form of a horsehoe.</cd> -- <col><b>Horsehoe
nail</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Horsenail</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horsehoe
nose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bat of the genus
<i>Rhinolophus</i>, having a nasal fold of skin shaped like a
horsehoe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Horse"shoe`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
employment of shoeing horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"sho`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shoes
horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leafless plant, with hollow and rushlike stems.
It is of the genus <i>Equisetum</i>, and is allied to the ferns. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Equisetum</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Turkish standard, denoting
rank.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Commanders are distinguished by the number of
<i>horsetails</i> carried before them. Thus, the sultan has seven,
the grand vizier five, and the pashas three, two, or one.</p>

<p><col><b>Shrubby horsetail</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Joint-fir</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Horse"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A composite plant (<i>Erigeron Canadensis</i>), which is a
common weed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"whip`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A whip for
horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"whip`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To flog or
chastise with a horsewhip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Horsewomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman who rides on
horseback.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A West Indian tree (<i>Calliandra latifolia</i>) with showy,
crimson blossoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The larva of a
botfly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hors"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The condition or quality of being a horse; that which pertains
to a horse.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fondness for, or interest in,
horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hors"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Horselike.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hors"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
suggestive of, a horse, or of horse racing; as, <i>horsy</i> manners;
garments of fantastically <i>horsy</i> fashions.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hor*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hortatio</i>, fr. <i>hortari</i> to incite, exhort, fr.
<i>hori</i> to urge.] <def>The act of exhorting, inciting, or giving
advice; exhortation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hor"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hortativus</i>.] <def>Giving exhortation; advisory;
exhortative.</def>  <i>Bullokar.</i></p>

<p><! p. 708 !></p>

<p><hw>Hor"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
exhortation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hor"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hortatorius</i>.] <def>Giving exhortation or advise; encouraging;
exhortatory; inciting; as, a <i>hortatory</i> speech.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor*ten"sial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hortensius</i>, <i>hortensis</i>, fr. <i>hortus</i> garden; akin
to E. <i>yard</i> an inclosure.] <def>Fit for a garden.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hor"ti*cul`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>hortus</i> garden + <i>cultor</i> a cultivator, <i>colere</i> to
cultivate.] <def>One who cultivates a garden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor`ti*cul"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>horticultural</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to horticulture, or the
culture of gardens or orchards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor"ti*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hortus</i> garden + <i>cultura</i> culture: cf. F.
<i>horticulture</i>. See <u>Yard</u> an inclosure, and
<u>Culture</u>.] <def>The cultivation of a garden or orchard; the art
of cultivating gardens or orchards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor`ti*cul"tur*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices horticulture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor"tu*lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hortulanus</i>; <i>hortus</i> garden.] <def>Belonging to a
garden.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hor"tus sic"cus</hw> (?). [L., a dry garden.] <def>A
collection of specimens of plants, dried and preserved, and arranged
systematically; an herbarium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hort"yard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
orchard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ho*san"na</hw> (h&osl;*z&abreve;n"n&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Hosannas</b></plw> (-
n&adot;z). [Gr. &?;, fr. Heb. <i>h&omacr;sh&imacr;'&amacr;h
nn&amacr;</i>save now, save, we pray, <i>h&omacr;sh&imacr;a'</i> to
save (Hiphil, a causative form, of <i>y&amacr;sha'</i>) +
<i>n&amacr;</i>, a particle.] <def>A Hebrew exclamation of praise to
the Lord, or an invocation of blessings.</def> "<i>Hosanna</i> to the
Highest."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hosanna</i> to the Son of David.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xxi. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hose</hw> (h&omacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hose</b></plw>, formerly <plw><b>Hosen</b></plw>
(h&omacr;"z'n). [AS. <i>hose</i>; akin to D. <i>hoos</i>, G.
<i>hose</i> breeches, OHG. <i>hosa</i>, Icel. <i>hosa</i> stocking,
gather, Dan. <i>hose</i> stocking; cf. Russ. <i>koshulia</i> a fur
jacket.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Close-fitting trousers or breeches,
as formerly worn, reaching to the knee.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These men were bound in their coats, their
<i>hosen</i>, and their hats, and their other garments.</blockquote>
<i>Dan. iii. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His youthful <i>hose</i>, well saved, a world too
wide<BR>
For his shrunk shank.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covering for the feet and lower part of
the legs; a stocking or stockings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A flexible pipe, made of leather, India
rubber, or other material, and used for conveying fluids, especially
water, from a faucet, hydrant, or fire engine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hose carriage</b></col>, <col><b>cart</b></col>, or
<col><b>truck</b></col>, <cd>a wheeled vehicle fitted for conveying
hose for extinguishing fires.</cd> -- <col><b>Hose company</b></col>,
<cd>a company of men appointed to bring and manage hose in the
extinguishing of fires.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Hose
coupling</b></col>, <cd>coupling with interlocking parts for uniting
hose, end to end.</cd> -- <col><b>Hose wrench</b></col>, <cd>a
spanner for turning hose couplings, to unite or disconnect
them.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ho"sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hose</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Ho"sier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who deals in
hose or stocking, or in goods knit or woven like hose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"sier*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The business of a hosier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stockings, in general; goods knit or woven
like hose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hos"pice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>hospitium</i> hospitality, a place where strangers are
entertained, fr. <i>hospes</i> stranger, guest. See <u>Host</u> a
landlord.] <def>A convent or monastery which is also a place of
refuge or entertainment for travelers on some difficult road or pass,
as in the Alps; as, the <i>Hospice</i> of the Great St.
Bernard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hos"pi*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>hospitable</i>, LL. <i>hospitare</i> to receive as a guest. See
<u>Host</u> a landlord.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Receiving and
entertaining strangers or guests with kindness and without reward;
kind to strangers and guests; characterized by hospitality.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from or indicating kindness and
generosity to guests and strangers; as, <i>hospitable</i>
rites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To where you taper cheers the vale<BR>
With <i>hospitable</i> ray.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"pi*ta*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being hospitable; hospitality.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"pi*ta*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
hospitable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hos"pi*tage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>hospitagium</i>, for L. <i>hospitium</i>. See <u>Hospice</u>.]
<def>Hospitality.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"pi*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>hospital</i>, <i>ospital</i>, F. <i>h&ocirc;pital</i>, LL.
<i>hospitale</i> (or perh. E. <i>hospital</i> is directly from the
Late Latin), from L. <i>hospitalis</i> relating to a guest,
<i>hospitalia</i> apartments for guests, fr. <i>hospes</i> guest. See
<u>Host</u> a landlord, and cf. <u>Hostel</u>, <u>Hotel</u>,
<u>Spital</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place for shelter or
entertainment; an inn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A building in which the sick, injured, or
infirm are received and treated; a public or private institution
founded for reception and cure, or for the refuge, of persons
diseased in body or mind, or disabled, infirm, or dependent, and in
which they are treated either at their own expense, or more often by
charity in whole or in part; a tent, building, or other place where
the sick or wounded of an army cared for.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hospital ship</b></col>, <cd>a vessel fitted up for a
floating hospital.</cd> -- <col><b>Hospital Sunday</b></col>, <cd>a
Sunday set apart for simultaneous contribution in churches to
hospitals; as, the London <i>Hospital Sunday</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hos"pi*tal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hospitalis</i>:
cf. OF. <i>hospital</i>.] <def>Hospitable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"pi*tal*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>hospitaller</i>.] [F. <i>hospitalier</i>. See <u>Hospital</u>, and
cf. <u>Hostler</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One residing in a
hospital, for the purpose of receiving the poor, the sick, and
strangers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of an order of knights who built a
hospital at Jerusalem for pilgrims, <u>A. D.</u> 1042.  They were
called <i>Knights of St. John of Jerusalem</i>, and after the removal
of the order to Malta, <i>Knights of Malta</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hos"pi*tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A vitiated condition of the body, due to long confinement in a
hospital, or the morbid condition of the atmosphere of a
hospital.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hos`pi*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hospitalities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>hospitalitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>hospitalit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The act or practice of one who is
hospitable; reception and entertainment of strangers or guests
without reward, or with kind and generous liberality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Given to <i>hospitality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xii.
13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And little recks to find the way to heaven<BR>
By doing deeds of <i>hospitality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"pi*tal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>To render (a building) unfit for habitation, by long continued
use as a hospital.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hos"pi*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hospitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>hospitari</i> to be a guest, fr.
<i>hospes</i> guest.] <def>To receive hospitality; to be a
guest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"pi*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To receive with
hospitality; to lodge as a guest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hos*pi"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Hospice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inn; a lodging; a
hospice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An inn of court.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hos"po*dar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A Slav. word;
cf. Russ. <i>gospodare</i> lord, master.] <def>A title borne by the
princes or governors of Moldavia and Wallachia before those countries
were united as Roumania.</def></p>

<p><hw>Host</hw> (h&omacr;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>hostia</i> sacrifice, victim, from <i>hostire</i> to strike.]
<i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The consecrated wafer, believed to be the
body of Christ, which in the Mass is offered as a sacrifice; also,
the bread before consecration.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the Latin Vulgate the word was applied to the Savior as
being an offering for the sins of men.</p>

<p><hw>Host</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>host</i>, <i>ost</i>,
OF. <i>host</i>, <i>ost</i>, fr. L. <i>hostis</i> enemy, LL., army.
See <u>Guest</u>, and cf. <u>Host</u> a landlord.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An army; a number of men gathered for war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>host</i> so great as covered all the
field.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any great number or multitude; a
throng.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of
the heavenly <i>host</i> praising God.</blockquote> <i>Luke ii.
13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All at once I saw a crowd,<BR>
A <i>host</i>, of golden daffodils.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Host</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>host</i>, <i>ost</i>,
OF. <i>hoste</i>, <i>oste</i>, F. <i>h&ocirc;te</i>, from L.
<i>hospes</i> a stranger who is treated as a guest, he who treats
another as his guest, a hostl prob. fr. <i>hostis</i> stranger, enemy
(akin to E. <i>guest</i> a visitor) + <i>potis</i> able; akin to Skr.
<i>pati</i> master, lord. See <u>Host</u> an army, <u>Possible</u>,
and cf. <u>Hospitable</u>, <u>Hotel</u>.] <def>One who receives or
entertains another, whether gratuitously or for compensation; one
from whom another receives food, lodging, or entertainment; a
landlord.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i> "Fair <i>host</i> and Earl."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Time is like a fashionable <i>host</i>,<BR>
That slightly shakes his parting guest by the hand.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Host</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give entertainment
to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Host</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lodge at an inn; to
take up entertainment.</def> [Obs.] "Where you shall <i>host</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"tage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hostage</i>,
OF. <i>hostage</i>, <i>ostage</i>, F. <i>&ocirc;tage</i>, LL.
<i>hostaticus</i>, <i>ostaticum</i>, for <i>hospitaticum</i>, fr. L.
<i>hospes</i> guest, host. The first meaning is, the state of a
guest, hospitality; hence, the state of a hostage (treated as a
guest); and both these meanings occur in Old French. See <u>Host</u>
a landlord.] <def>A person given as a pledge or security for the
performance of the conditions of a treaty or stipulations of any
kind, on the performance of which the person is to be
released.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>hostages</i> I have, so have you mine;<BR>
And we shall talk before we fight.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that hath a wife and children hath given
<i>hostages</i> to fortune.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hostel</i>,
<i>ostel</i>, OF. <i>hostel</i>, <i>ostel</i>, LL. <i>hospitale</i>,
<i>hospitalis</i>, fr. L. <i>hospitalis</i>. See <u>Hospital</u>, and
cf. <u>Hotel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inn.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So pass I <i>hostel</i>, hall, and
grange.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small, unendowed college in Oxford or
Cambridge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"tel*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hostel</u>,
and cf. <u>Hostler</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The keeper of a
hostel or inn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A student in a hostel, or small unendowed
collede in Oxford or Cambridge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"tel*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>hostelrie</i>, <i>hostelrye</i>, <i>ostelrie</i>, OF.
<i>hostelerie</i>, fr. <i>hostel</i>. See <u>Hostel</u>.] <def>An
inn; a lodging house.</def> [Archaic] <i>Chaucer.</i> "Homely brought
up in a rude <i>hostelry</i>." <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Come with me to the <i>hostelry</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Host"ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hostesse</i>,
<i>ostesse</i>. See <u>Host</u> a landlord.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A female host; a woman who hospitably entertains guests at her
house.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman who entertains guests for
compensation; a female innkeeper.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Host"ess-ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character,
personality, or office of a hostess.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"tie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See 1st
<u>Host</u>.] <def>The consecrated wafer; the host.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hostilis</i>,
from <i>hostis</i> enemy: cf. F. <i>hostile</i>. See <u>Host</u> an
army.] <def>Belonging or appropriate to an enemy; showing the
disposition of an enemy; showing ill will and malevolence, or a
desire to thwart and injure; occupied by an enemy or enemies;
inimical; unfriendly; as, a <i>hostile</i> force; <i>hostile</i>
intentions; a <i>hostile</i> country; <i>hostile</i> to a sudden
change.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Warlike; inimical; unfriendly; antagonistic;
opposed; adverse; opposite; contrary; repugnant.</p>

<p><hw>Hos"tile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An enemy; esp., an
American Indian in arms against the whites; -- commonly in the
plural.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>P. H. Sheridan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"tile*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a hostile
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hos*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hostilities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>hostilitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>hostilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>State of being
hostile; public or private enemy; unfriendliness;
animosity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hostility</i> being thus suspended with
France.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act of an open enemy; a hostile deed;
especially in the plural, acts of warfare; attacks of an
enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have showed ourselves generous adversaries . . .
and have carried on even our <i>hostilities</i> with
humanity.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He who proceeds to wanton <i>hostility</i>, often
provokes an enemy where he might have a friend.</blockquote>
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Animosity; enmity; opposition; violence;
aggression; contention; warfare.</p>

<p><hw>Hos"til*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
hostile; to cause to become an enemy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>A.
Seward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Host"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Host</u> an
army.] [Obs.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An encounter; a battle.</def>
"Fierce <i>hosting</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A muster or review.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hos"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hosteler</i>,
<i>osteler</i>, innkeeper, OF. <i>hostelier</i>, F.
<i>h&ocirc;telier</i>. See <u>Hostel</u>, and cf. <u>Hospitaler</u>,
<u>Hosteler</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An innkeeper. [Obs.] See
<u>Hosteler</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The person who has the care of horses at
an inn or stable; hence, any one who takes care of horses; a groom; -
- so called because the innkeeper formerly attended to this duty in
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>The person who takes
charge of a locomotive when it is left by the engineer after a
trip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Host"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inhospitable.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>hostless</i> house."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Host"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hosterie</i>,
<i>osterie</i>, OF. <i>hosterie</i>. See <u>Host</u> a landlord.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hostelry; an inn or lodging house.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stable for horses.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hot</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Hote</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Hotter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Hottest</u> (?).]
[OE. <i>hot</i>, <i>hat</i>, AS. <i>h&amacr;t</i>; akin to OS.
<i>h&emacr;t</i>, D. <i>heet</i>, OHG. <i>heiz</i>, G. <i>heiss</i>,
Icel. <i>heitr</i>, Sw. <i>het</i>, Dan. <i>heed</i>, <i>hed</i>; cf.
Goth. <i>heit&omacr;</i> fever, <i>hais</i> torch.  Cf. <u>Heat</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having much sensible heat; exciting the
feeling of warmth in a great degree; very warm; -- opposed to
<i>cold</i>, and exceeding <i>warm</i> in degree; as, a <i>hot</i>
stove; <i>hot</i> water or air.</def> "A <i>hot</i>venison pasty."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by heat, ardor, or
animation; easily excited; firely; vehement; passionate; violent;
eager.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Achilles is impatient, <i>hot</i>, and
revengeful.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was mouthing in <i>hot</i> haste.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lustful; lewd; lecherous.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Acrid; biting; pungent; as, <i>hot</i> as
mustard.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hot bed</b></col> <i>(Iron Manuf.)</i>, <cd>an iron
platform in a rolling mill, on which hot bars, rails, etc., are laid
to cool.</cd> -- <col><b>Hot wall</b></col> <i>(Gardening)</i>, <cd>a
wall provided with flues for the conducting of heat, to hasten the
growth of fruit trees or the ripening of fruit.</cd> -- <col><b>Hot
well</b></col> <i>(Condensing Engines)</i>, <cd>a receptacle for the
hot water drawn from the condenser by the air pump. This water is
returned to the boiler, being drawn from the hot well by the feed
pump.</cd> -- <col><b>In hot water</b></col> (Fig.), <cd>in trouble;
in difficulties.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Burning; fiery; fervid; glowing; eager; animated;
brisk; vehement; precipitate; violent; furious; ardent; fervent;
impetuous; irascible; passionate; hasty; excitable.</p>

<p><hw>Hot"bed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Gardening)</i> <def>A bed of earth heated by fermenting manure or
other substances, and covered with glass, intended for raising early
plants, or for nourishing exotics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place which favors rapid growth or
development; as, a <i>hotbed</i> of sedition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hot" blast`</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Blast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hot"-blood`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having hot
blood; excitable; high-spirited; irritable; ardent;
passionate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hot"-brained`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ardent in
temper; violent; rash; impetuous; as, <i>hot-brained</i> youth.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hotch"pot`</hw> (?), <hw>Hotch"potch`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>hochepot</i>, fr. <i>hocher</i> to shake
+ <i>pot</i> pot; both of Dutch or German origin; cf. OD.
<i>hutspot</i> hotchpotch, D. <i>hotsen</i>, <i>hutsen</i>, to shake.
See <u>Hustle</u>, and <u>Pot</u>, and cf. <u>Hodgepodge</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mingled mass; a confused mixture; a stew of
various ingredients; a hodgepodge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mixture or <i>hotchpotch</i> of many
tastes.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A blending of property for
equality of division, as when lands given in frank-marriage to one
daughter were, after the death of the ancestor, blended with the
lands descending to her and to her sisters from the same ancestor,
and then divided in equal portions among all the daughters. In modern
usage, a mixing together, or throwing into a common mass or stock, of
the estate left by a person deceased and the amounts advanced to any
particular child or children, for the purpose of a more equal
division, or of equalizing the shares of all the children; the
property advanced being accounted for at its value when given.</def>
<i>Bouvier. Tomlins.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This term has been applied in cases of salvage.
<i>Story</i>. It corresponds in a measure with <i>collation</i> in
the civil and Scotch law. See <u>Collation</u>.  <i>Bouvier.
Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hot"coc`kles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hot</i> +
<i>cockle</i>, <i>cockle</i> being perh. corrupt. fr. <i>knuckle</i>.
Cf. F. <i>main chaude</i> (lit., hot hand) hotcockles.] <def>A
childish play, in which one covers his eyes, and guesses who strikes
him or his hand placed behind him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hote</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>pres. &
imp.</i></pos> <u>Hatte</u> (?), <u>Hot</u> (&?;), etc.; <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hote</u>, <u>Hoten</u> (&?;), <u>Hot</u>, etc. See
<u>Hight</u>, <u>Hete</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To command; to
enjoin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To promise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be called; to be named.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There as I was wont to <i>hote</i> Arcite,<BR>
Now hight I Philostrate, not worth a mite.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ho*tel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>h&ocirc;tel</i>,
OF. <i>hostel</i>. See <u>Hostel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
house for entertaining strangers or travelers; an inn or public
house, of the better class.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In France, the mansion or town residence
of a person of rank or wealth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||H&ocirc;tel`-de-ville"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A city hall or townhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||H&ocirc;tel`-Dieu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A hospital.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hot"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Hote</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hot"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In haste;
foothot.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hot"-head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A violent,
passionate person; a hasty or impetuous person; as, the rant of a
<i>hot-head</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hot"-head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fiery; violent;
rash; hasty; impetuous; vehement.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hot"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A house kept warm to shelter tender plants and shrubs from the
cold air; a place in which the plants of warmer climates may be
reared, and fruits ripened.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bagnio, or bathing house.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A brothel; a bagnio.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Pottery)</i> <def>A heated room for drying
green ware.</def></p>

<p><! p. 709 !></p>

<p><hw>Hot"-liv`ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of an
excitable or irritable temperament; irascible.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hot"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Hot</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a hot or fiery
manner; ardently; vehemently; violently; hastily; as, a <i>hotly</i>
pursued.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a lustful manner; lustfully.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hot"-mouthed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Headstrong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>hot-mouthed</i> beast that bears against the
curb.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hot"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being hot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heat or excitement of mind or manner;
violence; vehemence; impetuousity; ardor; fury.</def>  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hot"press`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To apply
heat to, in conjunction with mechanical pressure, for the purpose of
giving a smooth and glossy surface, or to express oil, etc.; as, to
<i>hotpress</i> paper, linen, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hot"pressed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pressed while
heat is applied. See <u>Hotpress</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Hot"-short`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>More or less brittle when heated; as, <i>hot-short</i>
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hot"-spir`it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
fiery spirit; hot-headed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hot"spur`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hot</i> +
<i>spur</i>.] <def>A rash, hot-headed man.</def>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hot"spur`</hw>, <hw>Hot"spurred`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Violent; impetuous; headstrong.</def>
<i>Spenser. Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hot"ten*tot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>Hottentot</i>; -- so called from <i>hot</i> and <i>tot</i>, two
syllables of frequent occurrence in their language. <i>Wedgwood.</i>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of a degraded and savage
race of South Africa, with yellowish brown complexion, high cheek
bones, and wooly hair growing in tufts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of the Hottentots, which is
remarkable for its clicking sounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hottentot cherry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a South
African plant of the genus <i>Cassine</i> (<i>C. maurocenia</i>),
having handsome foliage, with generally inconspicuous white or green
flowers.</cd> <i>Loudon.</i> -- <col><b>Hottentot's bread</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Elephant's foot</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>,
under <u>Elephant</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hot"ten*tot*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A term
employed to describe one of the varieties of stammering.</def>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hou"dah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Howdah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Hock</u>,
a joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hough</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Houghed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Houghing</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Hock</u>, to hamstring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hough</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>hak</i>.  Cf.
<u>Hack</u>.] <def>An adz; a hoe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hough</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut with a
hoe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hou"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An owl. See <u>Howlet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoult</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piece of woodland;
a small wood. [Obs.] See <u>Holt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hound</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hound</i>,
<i>hund</i>, dog, AS. <i>hund</i>; akin to OS. &amp; OFries. <i>hund</i>,
D. <i>hond</i>, G. <i>hund</i>, OHG. <i>hunt</i>, Icel. <i>hundr</i>,
Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>hund</i>, Goth. <i>hunds</i>, and prob. to Lith.
<i>sz&?;</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>cu</i>, L. <i>canis</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;,
Skr. <i>&ccedil;van</i>. &radic;229.  Cf. <u>Canine</u>,
<u>Cynic</u>, <u>Kennel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A variety of the domestic dog, usually having large, drooping
ears, esp. one which hunts game by scent, as the foxhound,
bloodhound, deerhound, but also used for various breeds of fleet
hunting dogs, as the greyhound, boarhound, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hounds</i> and greyhounds, mongrels, spaniels,
curs.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A despicable person.</def> "Boy! false
<i>hound</i>!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A houndfish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Projections at
the masthead, serving as a support for the trestletrees and top to
rest on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A side bar used to strengthen portions of
the running gear of a vehicle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To follow the hounds</b></col>, <cd>to hunt with
hounds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hound</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hounding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set on the chase; to
incite to pursuit; as, to <i>hound</i>a dog at a hare; to
<i>hound</i> on pursuers.</def>  <i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hunt or chase with hounds, or as with
hounds.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hound"fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any small shark of the genus <i>Galeus</i> or <i>Mustelus</i>,
of which there are several species, as the smooth houndfish (<i>G.
canis</i>), of Europe and America; -- called also <i>houndshark</i>,
and <i>dogfish</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The European nursehound, or small-spotted dogfish, is
<i>Scyllium canicula</i>; the rough houndfish, or large-spotted
dogfish, is <i>S. catulus</i>. The name has also sometimes been
applied to the bluefish (<i>Pomatomus saltatrix</i>), and to the
silver gar.</p>

<p><hw>Hound"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who hounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The part of a mast below
the hounds and above the deck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hound's"-tongue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hundes
tunge</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A biennial weed (<i>Cynoglossum
officinale</i>), with soft tongue-shaped leaves, and an offensive
odor. It bears nutlets covered with barbed or hooked prickles. Called
also <i>dog's-tongue</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Houp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Hoopoe</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hour</i>,
<i>our</i>, <i>hore</i>, <i>ure</i>, OF. <i>hore</i>, <i>ore</i>,
<i>ure</i>, F. <i>heure</i>, L. <i>hora</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, orig., a
definite space of time, fixed by natural laws; hence, a season, the
time of the day, an hour. See <u>Year</u>, and cf. <u>Horologe</u>,
<u>Horoscope</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The twenty-fourth part of
a day; sixty minutes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The time of the day, as expressed in hours
and minutes, and indicated by a timepiece; as, what is the
<i>hour</i>? At what <i>hour</i> shall we meet?</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fixed or appointed time; conjuncture; a
particular time or occasion; as, the <i>hour</i> of greatest peril;
the man for the <i>hour</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Woman, . . . mine <i>hour</i> is not yet
come.</blockquote> <i>John ii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is your <i>hour</i>, and the power of
darkness.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxii. 53.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Certain
prayers to be repeated at stated times of the day, as matins and
vespers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A measure of distance traveled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vilvoorden, three <i>hours</i> from
Brussels.</blockquote> <i>J. P. Peters.</i></p>

<p><col><b>After hours</b></col>, <cd>after the time appointed for
one's regular labor.</cd> -- <col><b>Canonical hours</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Canonical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hour angle</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the angle between the hour circle passing
through a given body, and the meridian of a place.</cd> --
<col><b>Hour circle</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Any circle of the sphere passing through the two poles of the
equator; esp., one of the circles drawn on an artificial globe
through the poles, and dividing the equator into spaces of 15&deg;,
or one hour, each.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A circle upon an
equatorial telescope lying parallel to the plane of the earth's
equator, and graduated in hours and subdivisions of hours of right
ascension.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A small brass circle attached
to the north pole of an artificial globe, and divided into twenty-
four parts or hours. It is used to mark differences of time in
working problems on the globe.</cd> -- <col><b>Hour hand</b></col>,
<cd>the hand or index which shows the hour on a timepiece.</cd> --
<col><b>Hour line</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<cd>A line indicating the hour.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Dialing)</i> <cd>A line on which the shadow falls at a given
hour; the intersection of an hour circle which the face of the
dial.</cd> -- <col><b>Hour plate</b></col>, <cd>the plate of a
timepiece on which the hours are marked; the dial.</cd> <i>Locke.</i>
-- <col><b>Sidereal hour</b></col>, <cd>the twenty-fourth part of a
sidereal day.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar hour</b></col>, <cd>the twenty-
fourth part of a solar day.</cd> -- <col><b>The small
hours</b></col>, <cd>the early hours of the morning, as one o'clock,
two o'clock, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep good hours</b></col>,
<cd>to be regular in going to bed early.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hour"glass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
for measuring time, especially the interval of an hour. It consists
of a glass vessel having two compartments, from the uppermost of
which a quantity of sand, water, or mercury occupies an hour in
running through a small aperture unto the lower.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A similar instrument measuring any other interval of time
takes its name from the interval measured; as, a <i>half-hour
glass</i>, a <i>half-minute glass</i>. A <i>three-minute glass</i> is
sometimes called an <i>egg-glass</i>, from being used to time the
boiling of eggs.</p>

<p><hw>Hou"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Houris</b></plw> (#). [Per. <i>h&umacr;r&imacr;</i>,
<i>h&umacr;r&amacr;</i>, <i>h&umacr;r</i>; akin to Ar.
<i>h&umacr;r</i>, pl. of <i>ahwar</i> beautiful-eyed, black-eyed.]
<def>A nymph of paradise; -- so called by the Mohammedans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hour"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Happening or done
every hour; occurring hour by hour; frequent; often repeated; renewed
hour by hour; continual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>hourly</i> expectation of a
martyrdom.</blockquote> <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hour"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Every hour;
frequently; continually.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great was their strife, which <i>hourly</i> was
renewed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hours</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [A translation of L.
<i>Horae</i> (Gr. &?;). See <u>Hour</u>.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>Goddess
of the seasons, or of the hours of the day.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lo! where the rosy-blosomed <i>Hours</i>,<BR>
Fair Venus' train, appear.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hous"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>House</u>.]
<def>A fee for keeping goods in a house.</def> [R.]  <i>
Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>House</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Houses</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>hous</i>, <i>hus</i>, AS.
<i>h&?;s</i>; akin to OS. &amp; OFries. <i>h&?;s</i>, D. <i>huis</i>,
OHG. <i>h&?;s</i>, G. <i>haus</i>, Icel. <i>h&?;s</i>, Sw.
<i>hus</i>, Dan. <i>huus</i>, Goth. gud<i>h&?;s</i>, house of God,
temple; and prob. to E. <i>hide</i> to conceal. See <u>Hide</u>, and
cf. <u>Hoard</u>, <u>Husband</u>, <u>Hussy</u>, <u>Husting</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A structure intended or used as a habitation
or shelter for animals of any kind; but especially, a building or
edifice for the habitation of man; a dwelling place, a
mansion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Houses</i> are built to live in; not to look
on.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bees with smoke and doves with noisome stench<BR>
Are from their hives and <i>houses</i> driven away.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Household affairs; domestic concerns;
particularly in the phrase <i>to keep house</i>. See below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Those who dwell in the same house; a
household.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One that feared God with all his
<i>house</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts x. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A family of ancestors, descendants, and
kindred; a race of persons from the same stock; a tribe; especially,
a noble family or an illustrious race; as, the <i>house</i> of
Austria; the <i>house</i> of Hanover; the <i>house</i> of
Israel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The last remaining pillar of their <i>house</i>,<BR>
The one transmitter of their ancient name.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One of the estates of a kingdom or other
government assembled in parliament or legislature; a body of men
united in a legislative capacity; as, the <i>House</i> of Lords; the
<i>House</i> of Commons; the <i>House</i> of Representatives; also, a
quorum of such a body. See <u>Congress</u>, and
<u>Parliament</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A firm, or commercial
establishment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A public house; an inn; a hotel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>A twelfth part of the
heavens, as divided by six circles intersecting at the north and
south points of the horizon, used by astrologers in noting the
positions of the heavenly bodies, and casting horoscopes or
nativities. The houses were regarded as fixed in respect to the
horizon, and numbered from the one at the eastern horizon, called the
<i>ascendant</i>, <i>first house</i>, or <i>house of life</i>,
downward, or in the direction of the earth's revolution, the stars
and planets passing through them in the reverse order every twenty-
four hours.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A square on a chessboard, regarded as the
proper place of a piece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>An audience; an assembly of hearers, as
at a lecture, a theater, etc.; as, a thin or a full
<i>house</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>The body, as the habitation of the
soul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This mortal <i>house</i> I'll ruin,<BR>
Do C&aelig;sar what he can.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> [With an adj., as <i>narrow</i>, <i>dark</i>,
etc.] <def>The grave.</def> "The narrow <i>house</i>."
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>House</i> is much used adjectively and as the first
element of compounds. The sense is usually obvious; as, <i>house</i>
cricket, <i>house</i>maid, <i>house</i> painter,
<i>house</i>work.</p>

<p><col><b>House ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very small,
yellowish brown ant (<i>Myrmica molesta</i>), which often infests
houses, and sometimes becomes a great pest.</cd> -- <col><b>House of
bishops</b></col> <i>(Prot. Epis. Ch.)</i>, <cd>one of the two bodies
composing a general convertion, the other being House of Clerical and
Lay Deputies.</cd> -- <col><b>House boat</b></col>, <cd>a covered
boat used as a dwelling.</cd> -- <col><b>House of call</b></col>,
<cd>a place, usually a public house, where journeymen connected with
a particular trade assemble when out of work, ready for the
<i>call</i> of employers.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Simonds.</i> --
<col><b>House car</b></col> <i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>a freight car with
inclosing sides and a roof; a box car.</cd> -- <col><b>House of
correction</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Correction</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>House cricket</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European
cricket (<i>Gryllus domesticus</i>), which frequently lives in
houses, between the bricks of chimneys and fireplaces. It is noted
for the loud chirping or stridulation of the males.</cd> --
<col><b>House dog</b></col>, <cd>a dog kept in or about a dwelling
house.</cd> -- <col><b>House finch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the burion.</cd> -- <col><b>House flag</b></col>, <cd>a flag
denoting the commercial house to which a merchant vessel
belongs.</cd> -- <col><b>House fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a common fly (esp. <i>Musca domestica</i>), which infests houses
both in Europe and America. Its larva is a maggot which lives in
decaying substances or excrement, about sink drains, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>House of God</b></col>, <cd>a temple or church.</cd> --
<col><b>House of ill fame</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Ill fame</i> under
<u>Ill</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>House
martin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common European swallow
(<i>Hirundo urbica</i>). It has feathered feet, and builds its nests
of mud against the walls of buildings. Called also <i>house
swallow</i>, and <i>window martin</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>House
mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common mouse (<i>Mus
musculus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>House physician</b></col>, <cd>the
resident medical adviser of a hospital or other public
institution.</cd> -- <col><b>House snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the milk snake.</cd> -- <col><b>House
sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common European
sparrow (<i>Passer domesticus</i>). It has recently been introduced
into America, where it has become very abundant, esp. in cities.
Called also <i>thatch sparrow</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>House
spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any spider which habitually
lives in houses. Among the most common species are <i>Theridium
tepidariorum</i> and <i>Tegenaria domestica</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>House surgeon</b></col>, <cd>the resident surgeon of a
hospital.</cd> -- <col><b>House wren</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the common wren of the Eastern United States (<i>Troglodytes
a&euml;don</i>). It is common about houses and in gardens, and is
noted for its vivacity, and loud musical notes. See <u>Wren</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Religious house</b></col>, <cd>a monastery or
convent.</cd> -- <col><b>The White House</b></col>, <cd>the official
residence of the President of the United States; -- hence,
colloquially, the office of President.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring down
the house</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bring</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To
keep house</b></col>, <cd>to maintain an independent domestic
establishment.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep open house</b></col>, <cd>to
entertain friends at all times.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dwelling; residence; abode. See
<u>Tenement</u>.</p>

<p><hw>House</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Housed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Housing</u>.] [AS. <i>h&?;sian</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take or put into a house; to shelter under a roof; to cover from the
inclemencies of the weather; to protect by covering; as, to
<i>house</i> one's family in a comfortable home; to <i>house</i>
farming utensils; to <i>house</i> cattle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At length have <i>housed</i> me in a humble
shed.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>House</i> your choicest carnations, or rather set
them under a penthouse.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive to a shelter.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To admit to residence; to
harbor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Palladius wished him to <i>house</i> all the
Helots.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To deposit and cover, as in the
grave.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To stow in a safe place; to
take down and make safe; as, to <i>house</i> the upper
spars.</def></p>

<p><hw>House</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take shelter or lodging; to abide to dwell; to lodge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall not <i>house</i> with me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>To have a position in one
of the houses. See <u>House</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</def>
"Where Saturn <i>houses</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>House"bote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>House</i> +
<i>bote</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Wood allowed to a tenant for
repairing the house and for fuel. This latter is often called
<i>firebote</i>. See <u>Bote</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>House"break`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
guilty of the crime of housebreaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>House"break`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
breaking open and entering, with a felonious purpose, the dwelling
house of another, whether done by day or night. See <u>Burglary</u>,
and <i>To break a house</i>, under <u>Break</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>House"build`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
business is to build houses; a housewright.</def></p>

<p><hw>House"carl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>huscarle</i>. See <u>House</u>, and <u>Carl</u>.] <i>(Eng.
Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <def>A household servant; also, one of the
bodyguard of King Canute.</def></p>

<p><hw>House"hold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Those who dwell under the same roof and compose a
family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And calls, without affecting airs,<BR>
His <i>household</i> twice a day to prayers.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A line of ancestory; a race or
house.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>House"hold`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to the
house and family; domestic; as, <i>household</i> furniture;
<i>household</i> affairs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Household bread</b></col>, <cd>bread made in the house for
common use; hence, bread that is not of the finest quality.</cd>
[Obs.] -- <col><b>Household gods</b></col> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>,
<cd>the gods presiding over the house and family; the <i>Lares</i>
and <i>Penates</i>; hence, all objects endeared by association with
home.</cd> -- <col><b>Household troops</b></col>, <cd>troops
appointed to attend and guard the sovereign or his
residence.</cd></p>

<p><hw>House"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The master
or head of a family; one who occupies a house with his
family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Towns in which almost every <i>householder</i> was an
English Protestant.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Compound householder</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Compound</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><! p. 710 !></p>

<p><hw>House"keep`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who occupies a house with his family; a
householder; the master or mistress of a family.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who does, or oversees, the work of
keeping house; as, his wife is a good <i>housekeeper</i>; often, a
woman hired to superintend the servants of a household and manage the
ordinary domestic affairs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who exercises hospitality, or has a
plentiful and hospitable household.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps or stays much at home.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You are manifest <i>housekeeper</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A house dog.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>House"keep`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of occupying a dwelling house as a
householder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Care of domestic concerns; management of a
house and home affairs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hospitality; a liberal and hospitable
table; a supply of provisions.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tell me, softly and hastily, what's in the pantry?<BR>
Small <i>housekeeping</i> enough, said Ph&oelig;be.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>House"keep`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Domestic; used
in a family; as, <i>housekeeping</i> commodities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hou"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>housel</i>,
<i>husel</i>, AS. <i>h&umacr;sel</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>h&umacr;sl</i>, Goth. <i>hunsl</i> a sacrifice.] <def>The
eucharist.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Rom. of R.</i>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hou"sel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>h&umacr;slian</i>.] <def>To administer the eucharist to.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>House"leek`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>House</i> +
<i>leek</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A succulent plant of the genus
<i>Sempervivum</i> (<i>S. tectorum</i>), originally a native of
subalpine Europe, but now found very generally on old walls and
roofs. It is very tenacious of life under drought and heat; -- called
also <i>ayegreen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>House"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of the
shelter of a house; shelterless; homeless; as, a <i>houseless</i>
wanderer.</def></p>

<p><hw>House"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being houseless.</def></p>

<p><hw>House"line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A small line of three strands used for seizing; -- called also
<i>housing</i>.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>House"ling`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Housling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>House"maid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
servant employed to do housework, esp. to take care of the
rooms.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Housemaid's knee</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a swelling
over the knee, due to an enlargement of the bursa in the front of the
kneepan; -- so called because frequently occurring in servant girls
who work upon their knees.</cd></p>

<p><hw>House"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who dwells
in the same house with another.</def>  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>House"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Room or place
in a house; as, to give any one <i>houseroom</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>House"warm`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feast or
merry-making made by or for a family or business firm on taking
possession of a new house or premises.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>House"wife`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>House</i> +
<i>wife.</i> Cf. <u>Hussy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The wife of a
householder; the mistress of a family; the female head of a
household.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He a good husband, a good <i>housewife</i>
she.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> (Usually pronounced &?;.) [See <u>Hussy</u>, in
this sense.] <def>A little case or bag for materials used in sewing,
and for other articles of female work; -- called also
<i>hussy</i>.</def> [Written also <i>huswife</i>.]  <i>P.
Skelton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hussy.</def> [R.] [Usually written
<i>huswife</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sailor's housewife</b></col>, <cd>a ditty-bag.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>House"wife`</hw> (?), <hw>House"wive`</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To manage with skill and economy, as a housewife or
other female manager; to economize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conferred those moneys on the nuns, which since they
have well <i>housewived</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>House"wife`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
or appropriate to a housewife; domestic; economical;
prudent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A good sort of woman, ladylike and
<i>housewifely</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>House"wif`er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
business of the mistress of a family; female management of domestic
concerns.</def></p>

<p><hw>House"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The work
belonging to housekeeping; especially, kitchen work, sweeping,
scrubbing, bed making, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>House"wright`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A builder of
houses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hous"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>House</u>. In
some of its senses this word has been confused with the following
word.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of putting or receiving under
shelter; the state of dwelling in a habitation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which shelters or covers; houses,
taken collectively.</def>  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
space taken out of one solid, to admit the insertion of part of
another, as the end of one timber in the side of another.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A niche for a statue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A frame or support for
holding something in place, as journal boxes, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That
portion of a mast or bowsprit which is beneath the deck or within the
vessel.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A covering or protection, as
an awning over the deck of a ship when laid up.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A houseline. See <u>Houseline</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hous"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Houss</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cover or cloth for a horse's saddle, as an
ornamental or military appendage; a saddlecloth; a horse cloth; in
plural, trappings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An appendage to the hames or collar of a
harness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hous"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Housel</u>.]
<def>Sacramental; as, <i>housling</i> fire.</def> [R.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Houss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>housse</i>, LL.
<i>hulcia</i>, fr. OHG. <i>hulst</i>; akin to E. <i>holster</i>. See
<u>Holster</u>, and cf. 2d <u>Housing</u>.] <def>A saddlecloth; a
housing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hou"tou</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From its note.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A beautiful South American motmot.</def>
<i>Waterton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Houve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>h&umacr;fe</i>.]
<def>A head covering of various kinds; a hood; a coif; a cap.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hou*yhnhnm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
race of horses described by Swift in his imaginary travels of Lemuel
Gulliver. The Houyhnhnms were endowed with reason and noble
qualities; subject to them were Yahoos, a race of brutes having the
form and all the worst vices of men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hove</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Heave</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hove short</b></col>, <col><b>Hove to</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>To heave a cable short</i>, <i>To heave a ship to</i>, etc., under
<u>Heave</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hove</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To rise; to
swell; to heave; to cause to swell.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]
<i>Holland. Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hove</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hoven</i>. See
<u>Hover</u>.] <def>To hover around; to loiter; to lurk.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hov"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hovel</i>,
<i>hovil</i>, prob. a dim. fr. AS. <i>hof</i> house; akin to D. &amp; G.
<i>hof</i> court, yard, Icel. <i>hof</i> temple; cf. Prov. E.
<i>hove</i> to take shelter, <i>heuf</i> shelter, home.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An open shed for sheltering cattle, or
protecting produce, etc., from the weather.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A poor cottage; a small, mean house; a
hut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Porcelain Manuf.)</i> <def>A large conical
brick structure around which the firing kilns are grouped.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hov"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hoveled</u> (?) or <u>Hovelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Hoveling</u> or <u>Hovelling</u>.] <def>To put in
a hovel; to shelter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>hovel</i> thee with swine, and rogues
forlon.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The poor are <i>hoveled</i> and hustled
together.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hov"el*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who assists
in saving life and property from a wreck; a coast boatman.</def>
[Written also <i>hoveller</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]  <i>G. P. R.
James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hov"el*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A method of
securing a good draught in chimneys by covering the top, leaving
openings in the sides, or by carrying up two of the sides higher than
the other two.</def> [Written also <i>hovelling</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ho"ven</hw> (?), obs. or archaic <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Heave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ho"ven</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with the
disease called <i>hoove</i>; as, <i>hoven</i> cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. doubtful.]
<def>A cover; a shelter; a protection.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Carew.</i>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hov"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hovered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hovering</u>.] [OE. <i>hoveren</i>, and <i>hoven</i>, prob. orig.,
to abide, linger, and fr. AS. <i>hof</i> house; cf. OFries.
<i>hovia</i> to receive into one's house. See <u>Hovel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hang fluttering in the air, or on the
wing; to remain in flight or floating about or over a place or
object; to be suspended in the air above something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great flights of birds are <i>hovering</i> about the
bridge, and settling on it.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>hovering</i> mist came swimming o'er his
sight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hang about; to move to and fro near a
place, threateningly, watchfully, or irresolutely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Agricola having sent his navy to <i>hover</i> on the
coast.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hovering</i> o'er the paper with her
quill.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hov"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A device in an
incubator for protecting the young chickens and keeping them
warm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hov"er-hawk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The kestrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hov"er*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a hovering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>How</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>how</i>,
<i>hou</i>, <i>hu</i>, <i>hwu</i>, AS. <i>h&?;</i>, from the same
root as <i>hw&amacr;</i>, <i>hw&aelig;t</i>, who, what, pron.
interrog.; akin to OS. <i>hw&omacr;</i>w, D. <i>hoe</i>, cf. G.
<i>wie</i> how, Goth. <i>hw&emacr;</i> wherewith, <i>hwaiwa</i> how.
&radic;182. See <u>Who</u>, and cf. <u>Why</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In what manner or way; by what means or process.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>How</i> can a man be born when he is
old?</blockquote> <i>John iii. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To what degree or extent, number or
amount; in what proportion; by what measure or quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, <i>how</i> love I thy law! it is my meditation all
the day.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxix. 97.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>how</i> much they would diminish the present
extent of the sea, so much they would impair the fertility, and
fountains, and rivers of the earth.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>For what reason; from what
cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>How</i> now, my love! why is your cheek so
pale?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In what state, condition, or
plight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>How</i>, and with what reproach, shall I
return?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>By what name, designation, or
title.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>How</i> art thou called?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>At what price; how dear.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>How</i> a score of ewes now?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>How</i> is used in each sense, interrogatively,
interjectionally, and relatively; it is also often employed to
emphasize an interrogation or exclamation. "<i>How</i> are the mighty
fallen!" <i>2 Sam. i. 27.</i> Sometimes, also, it is used as a noun;
-- as, the <i>how</i>, the when, the wherefore. <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me beg you -- don't say "<i>How</i>?" for
"What?"</blockquote> <i>Holmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>||How*adj"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A traveler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A merchant; -- so called in the East
because merchants were formerly the chief travelers.</def></p>

<p><hw>How*be"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [<i>How</i> +
<i>be</i> + <i>it</i>.] <def>Be it as it may; nevertheless;
notwithstanding; although; albeit; yet; but; however.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Moor -- <i>howbeit</i> that I endure him not -<BR>
Is of a constant, loving, noble nature.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>How"dah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>hawdaj</i>.]
<def>A seat or pavilion, generally covered, fastened on the back of
an elephant, for the rider or riders.</def> [Written also
<i>houdah</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>How"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot., also <i>houdy-
</i> wife. Of uncertain origin; cf. OSw. <i>jordgumma</i>; or perh.
fr. E. <i>how d'ye</i>.] <def>A midwife.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>How"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tool used by
coopers for smoothing and chamfering rheir work, especially the
inside of casks.</def></p>

<p><hw>How"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To smooth; to plane;
as, to <i>howel</i> a cask.</def></p>

<p><hw>How"ell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The upper stage of a
porcelian furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>How*ev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Sometimes
contracted into <i>howe'er</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In whetever
manner, way, or degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>However</i> yet they me despise and
spite.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Howe'er</i> the business goes, you have made
fault.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At all events; at least; in any
case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our chief end is to be freed from all, if it may be,
<i>however</i> from the greatest evils.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>How*ev"er</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Nevertheless;
notwithstanding; yet; still; though; as, I shall not oppose your
design; I can not, <i>however</i>, approve of it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In your excuse your love does little say;<BR>
You might <i>howe'er</i> have took a better way.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>However</u>, <u>At least</u>,
<u>Nevertheless</u>, <u>Yet</u>.  These words, as here compared, have
an adversative sense in reference to something referred to in the
context. <i>However</i> is the most general, and leads to a final
conclusion or decision. Thus we say, the truth, <i>however</i>, has
not yet fully come out; <i>i.e.</i>, such is the speaker's conclusion
in view of the whole case. So also we say, <i>however</i>, you may
rely on my assistance to that amount; <i>i. e.</i>, at all events,
whatever may happen, this is my final decision. <i>At least</i> is
adversative in another way. It points out the utmost concession that
can possibly be required, and still marks the adversative conclusion;
as, <i>at least</i>, this must be done; whatever may be our love of
peace, we must <i>at least</i> maintain the rights of conscience.
<i>Nevertheless</i> denotes that though the concession be fully made,
it has no bearing of the question; as, <i>nevertheless</i>, we must
go forward. <i>Yet</i> signifies that however extreme the supposition
or fact comceded may be, the consequence which might naturally be
expected does not and will not follow; as, though I should die with
thee, <i>yet</i> will I not deny thee; though he slay me, <i>yet</i>
will I trust in him.  Cf. <u>But</u>.</p>

<p><hw>How"itz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A howitzer.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>How"itz*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>haubitze</i>,
formerly <i>hauffnitz</i>, Bohem. <i>haufnice</i>, orig., a sling.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A gun so short that the
projectile, which was hollow, could be put in its place by hand; a
kind of mortar.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A short, light,
largebore cannon, usually having a chamber of smaller diameter than
the rest of the bore, and intended to throw large projectiles with
comparatively small charges.</def></p>

<p><hw>How"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Hooker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Howl</hw> (houl), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Howled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Howling</u>.] [OE. <i>houlen</i>, <i>hulen</i>; akin to D.
<i>huilen</i>, MHG. <i>hiulen</i>, <i>hiuweln</i>, OHG.
<i>hiuwil&omacr;n</i> to exult, <i>h&?;wo</i> owl, Dan. <i>hyle</i>
to howl.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter a loud, protracted,
mournful sound or cry, as dogs and wolves often do.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And dogs in corners set them down to
<i>howl</i>.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Methought a legion of foul fiends<BR>
Environ'd me about, and <i>howled</i> in my ears.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter a sound expressive of distress;
to cry aloud and mournfully; to lament; to wail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Howl</i> ye, for the day of the Lord is at
hand.</blockquote> <i>Is. xiii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a noise resembling the cry of a
wild beast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wild <i>howled</i> the wind.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Howling monkey</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Howler</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Howling wilderness</b></col>, <cd>a
wild, desolate place inhabited only by wild beasts.</cd> <i>Deut.
xxxii. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Howl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter with
outcry.</def> "Go . . . <i>howl</i> it out in deserts."
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Howl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
protracted, mournful cry of a dog or a wolf, or other like
sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A prolonged cry of distress or anguish; a
wail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Howl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who howls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any South American
monkey of the genus <i>Mycetes</i>. Many species are known. They are
arboreal in their habits, and are noted for the loud, discordant
howling in which they indulge at night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Howl"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Equiv. to
<i>owlet</i>, influenced by <i>howl</i>: cf. F. <i>hulotte</i>, OHG.
<i>h&?;wela</i>, <i>hiuwela</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An owl; an
owlet.</def> [Written also <i>houlet</i>.]  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Howp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cry out; to
whoop.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>How"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Howsoever.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>How`so*ev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adj. &amp; conj.</i></pos>
[<i>How</i> + <i>so</i> + <i>ever</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
what manner soever; to whatever degree or extent; however.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am glad he's come, <i>howsoever</i> he
comes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Although; though; however.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Howve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hood. See
<u>Houve</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hox</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Hock</u>.
&radic;12.] <def>To hock; to hamstring. See <u>Hock</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>heu</i>, or Flem.
<i>hui</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small coaster vessel, usually
sloop-rigged, used in conveying passengers and goods from place to
place, or as a tender to larger vessels in port.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hoy</i> went to London every week.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoy</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [D. <i>hui</i>.  Cf.
<u>Ahoy</u>.] <def>Ho! Halloe! Stop!</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoy"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hoiden</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoy"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hoymen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who navigates a
hoy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A common <i>hoyman</i> to carry goods by water for
hire.</blockquote> <i>Hobart.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hua*na"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Guanaco</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Hob</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The central part, usually cylindrical, of a
wheel; the nave. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Axle box</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The hilt of a weapon.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rough protuberance or projecting
obstruction; as, a <i>hub</i> in the road. [U.S.] See
<u>Hubby</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A goal or mark at which quoits, etc., are
cast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Diesinking)</i> <def>A hardened, engraved
steel punch for impressing a device upon a die, used in coining,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A screw hob. See <u>Hob</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A block for scotching a wheel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hub plank</b></col> <i>(Highway Bridges)</i>, <cd>a
horizontal guard plank along a truss at the height of a wagon-wheel
hub.</cd> -- <col><b>Up to the hub</b></col>, <cd>as far as possible
in embarrassment or difficulty, or in business, like a wheel sunk in
mire; deeply involved.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hub"ble-bub`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tobacco
pipe, so arranged that the smoke passes through water, making a
bubbling noise, whence its name. In India, the bulb containing the
water is often a cocoanut shell.</def></p>

<p><! p. 711 !></p>

<p><hw>Hub"bub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Whoobub</u>,
<u>Whoop</u>, <u>Hoop</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A loud noise
of many confused voices; a tumult; uproar.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>hubbub</i> of unmeaning words.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hub"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of hubs or
protuberances; as, a road that has been frozen while muddy is
<i>hubby</i>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>H&uuml;b"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After
<i>H&uuml;bner</i>, who analyzed it.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of
brownish black color, occurring in columnar or foliated masses. It is
native manganese tungstate.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Huch</hw> (?), <hw>||Hu"chen</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large salmon
(<i>Salmo, or Salvelinus, hucho</i>) inhabiting the Danube; -- called
also <i>huso</i>, and <i>bull trout</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Huck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Hawk</u> to
offer for sale, <u>Huckster</u>.] <def>To higgle in trading.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huck"a*back</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. orig.,
peddler's wares; cf. LG. <i>hukkebak</i> pickback.  Cf.
<u>Huckster</u>.] <def>A kind of linen cloth with raised figures,
used for towelings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Huc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. dim. of Prov. E.
<i>huck</i>a hook, and so named from its round shape. See
<u>Hook</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The hip; the haunch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bunch or part projecting like the
hip.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Huckle bone</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The hip
bone; the innominate bone.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A small bone
of the ankle; astragalus.</cd> [R.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huc"kle-backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Round-
shoulded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Huc"kle*ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Whortleberry</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
edible black or dark blue fruit of several species of the American
genus <i>Gaylussacia</i>, shrubs nearly related to the blueberries
(<i>Vaccinium</i>), and formerly confused with them. The commonest
huckelberry comes from <i>G. resinosa</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The shrub that bears the berries. Called also
whortleberry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Squaw huckleberry</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Deeberry</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Huck"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hukstere</i>,
<i>hukster</i>, OD. <i>heukster</i>, D. <i>heuker</i>; akin to D.
<i>huiken</i> to stoop, bend, OD. <i>huycken</i>, <i>huken</i>, G.
<i>hocken</i>, to squat, Icel. <i>h&?;ka</i>; -- the peddler being
named from his stooping under the load on his back.  Cf. <u>Hawk</u>
to offer for sale.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A retailer of small
articles, of provisions, and the like; a peddler; a hawker.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mean, trickish fellow.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huck"ster</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Huckstered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Huckstering</u>.] <def>To deal in small articles, or in petty
bargains.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huck"ster*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business
of a huckster; small dealing; peddling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ignoble <i>huckster</i> age of piddling
tithes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huck"ster*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
huckster.</def>  <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>huckster</i>ers or money-
jobbers.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huck"stress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
huckster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Hood</u> a
covering.] <def>A huck or hull, as of a nut.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hud"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Huddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Huddling</u> (?).] [Cf. OE. <i>hoderen</i>, <i>hodren</i>, to
cover, keep, warm; perh. akin to OE. <i>huden</i>, <i>hiden</i>, to
hide, E. <i>hide</i>, and orig. meaning, to get together for
protection in a safe place.  Cf. <u>Hide</u> to conceal.] <def>To
press together promiscuously, from confusion, apprehension, or the
like; to crowd together confusedly; to press or hurry in disorder; to
crowd.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cattle <i>huddle</i>d on the lea.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Huddling</i> together on the public square . . .
like a herd of panic-struck deer.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hud"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To crowd (things) together to mingle confusedly; to assemble
without order or system.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our adversary, <i>huddling</i> several suppositions
together, . . . makes a medley and confusion.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do, make, or put, in haste or roughly;
hence, to do imperfectly; -- usually with a following preposition or
adverb; as, to <i>huddle on</i>; to <i>huddle up</i>; to <i>huddle
together</i>.</def> "<i>Huddle</i> up a peace."  <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him forescat his work with timely care,<BR>
Which else is <i>huddled</i> when the skies are fair.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, in all haste, they <i>huddle</i> on<BR>
Their hoods, their cloaks, and get them gone.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hud"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A crowd; a number of
persons or things crowded together in a confused manner; tumult;
confusion.</def> "A <i>huddle</i> of ideas."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hud"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who huddles
things together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hudge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>An
iron bucket for hoisting coal or ore.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu`di*bras"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Similar to,
or in the style of, the poem "<i>Hudibras</i>," by Samuel Butler; in
the style of doggerel verse.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hud*so"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Hudson's Bay or to the Hudson River; as, the
<i>Hudsonian</i> curlew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hew</i>,
<i>heow</i>, color, shape, form, AS. <i>hiw</i>, <i>heow</i>; akin to
Sw. <i>hy</i> skin, complexion, Goth. <i>hiwi</i> form, appearance.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Color or shade of color; tint; dye.</def>
"Flowers of all <i>hue</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hues</i> of the rich unfolding morn.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Painting)</i> <def>A predominant shade in a
composition of primary colors; a primary color modified by
combination with others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hue</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hue</i>, <i>huer</i>,
to hoot, shout, prob. fr. OF. <i>hu</i> an exclamation.] <def>A
shouting or vociferation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hue and cry</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a loud outcry with
which felons were anciently pursued, and which all who heard it were
obliged to take up, joining in the pursuit till the malefactor was
taken; in later usage, a written proclamation issued on the escape of
a felon from prison, requiring all persons to aid in retaking
him.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having color; --
usually in composition; as, bright-<i>hued</i>; many-
<i>hued</i>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hue"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hiwle&aacute;s</i>. See <u>Hue</u> color.] <def>Destitute of
color.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who cries out or
gives an alarm; specifically, a balker; a conder. See
<u>Balker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Huff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Huffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Huffing</u>.] [Cf. OE. <i>hoove</i> to puff up, blow; prob. of
imitative origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swell; to enlarge; to
puff up; as, <i>huffed</i> up with air.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with insolence and arrogance; to
chide or rebuke with insolence; to hector; to bully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You must not presume to <i>huff</i> us.</blockquote>
<i>Echard.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Draughts)</i> <def>To remove from the board
(the piece which could have captured an opposing piece). See
<u>Huff</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Huff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
enlarge; to swell up; as, bread <i>huffs</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bluster or swell with anger, pride, or
arrogance; to storm; to take offense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>THis senseless arrogant conceit of theirs made them
<i>huff</i> at the doctrine of repentance.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Draughts)</i> <def>To remove from the board
a man which could have captured a piece but has not done so; -- so
called because it was the habit to blow upon the piece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Huff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
swell of sudden anger or arrogance; a fit of disappointment and
petulance or anger; a rage.</def> "Left the place in a <i>huff</i>."
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boaster; one swelled with a false
opinion of his own value or importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lewd, shallow-brained <i>huffs</i> make atheism and
contempt of religion the sole badge . . . of wit.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To take huff</b></col>, <cd>to take offence.</cd>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huff"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blusterer; a
bully.</def> [Obs.] -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Blustering;
swaggering.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huff"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bully; a
blusterer.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huff"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being huffish; petulance; bad temper.</def>  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huff"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Blusteringly;
arrogantly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>huffingly</i> doth this bonny Scot
ride.</blockquote> <i>Old Ballad.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huff"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to be
blustering or arrogant; petulant.</def> -- <wf>Huff"ish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Huff"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Huff"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Puffed up; as, <i>huffy</i> bread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by arrogance or petulance;
easily offended.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hug</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hugging</u>.] [Prob. of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. <i>sidde paa
huk</i> to squat, Sw. <i>huka sig</i> to squat, Icel. <i>h&?;ka</i>.
Cf. <u>Huckster</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cower; to crouch; to
curl up.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To crowd together; to cuddle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hug</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
press closely within the arms; to clasp to the bosom; to
embrace.</def> "And <i>huggen</i> me in his arms."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold fast; to cling to; to
cherish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>hug</i> deformities if they bear our
names.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To keep close to; as, to
<i>hug</i> the land; to <i>hug</i> the wind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To hug one's self</b></col>, <cd>to congratulate one's
self; to chuckle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A close embrace or
clasping with the arms, as in affection or in wrestling.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huge</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Huger</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Hugest</u> (?).] [OE.
<i>huge</i>, <i>hoge</i>, OF. <i>ahuge</i>, <i>ahoge</i>.] <def>Very
large; enormous; immense; excessive; -- used esp. of material bulk,
but often of qualities, extent, etc.; as, a <i>huge</i> ox; a
<i>huge</i> space; a <i>huge</i> difference.</def>  "The <i>huge</i>
confusion." <i>Chapman.</i> "A <i>huge</i> filly." <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i> -- <wf>Huge"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Huge"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Doth it not flow as <i>hugely</i> as the
sea.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Enormous; gigantic; colossal; immense; prodigious;
vast.</p>

<p><hw>Hug"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who hugs or
embraces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hug"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To conceal; to
lurk ambush.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hug"ger-mug`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.
<i>huggrie-muggrie</i>; Prov. E. <i>hugger</i> to lie in ambush,
<i>mug</i> mist, <i>muggard</i> sullen.] <def>Privacy; secrecy.
Commonly in the phrase <i>in hugger-mugger</i>, with haste and
secrecy.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many things have been done in <i>hugger-
mugger</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hug"ger-mug`ger</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Secret; clandestine; sly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Confused; disorderly; slovenly; mean; as,
<i>hugger-mugger</i> doings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hug"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>hug</i>.] <def>To hug.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hu"gue*not</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., properly a dim.
of <i>Hugues</i>. The name is probably derived from the Christian
name (<i>Huguenot</i>) of some person conspicuous as a reformer.]
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A French Protestant of the period of the
religious wars in France in the 16th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"gue*not*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>huguenotisme</i>.] <def>The religion of the Huguenots in
France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vast.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"ia bird`</hw> (?). [Native name; -- so called from its
cry.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A New Zealand starling (<i>Heteralocha
acutirostris</i>), remarkable for the great difference in the form
and length of the bill in the two sexes, that of the male being sharp
and straight, that of the female much longer and strongly
curved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hui"sher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Usher</u>.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hui"sher</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To usher.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>huque</i>, LL.
<i>huca</i>; cf. D. <i>huik</i>.] <def>An outer garment worn in
Europe in the Middle Ages.</def> [Written also <i>heuk</i> and
<i>hyke</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Uhlan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hulch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Hunch</u>.]
<def>A hunch.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hulch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Swollen;
gibbous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hulk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hulke</i> a heavy
ship, AS. <i>hulc</i> a light, swift ship; akin to D. <i>hulk</i> a
ship of burden, G. <i>holk</i>, OHG. <i>holcho</i>; perh. fr. LL.
<i>holcas</i>, Gr. &?;, prop., a ship which is towed, fr. &?; to
draw, drag, tow.  Cf. <u>Wolf</u>, <u>Holcad</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The body of a ship or decked vessel of any kind; esp., the body
of an old vessel laid by as unfit for service.</def> "Some well-
timbered <i>hulk</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A heavy ship of clumsy build.</def>
<i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything bulky or unwieldly.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shear hulk</b></col>, <cd>an old ship fitted with an
apparatus to fix or take out the masts of a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>The
hulks</b></col>, <cd>old or dismasted ships, formerly used as
prisons.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hulk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. MLG. <i>holken</i>
to hollow out, Sw. <i>h&aring;lka</i>.] <def>To take out the entrails
of; to disembowel; as, to <i>hulk</i> a hare.</def> [R.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hulk"ing</hw>, <hw>Hulk"y</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Bulky; unwiedly.</def> [R.] "A huge <i>hulking</i> fellow."
<i>H. Brooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hull</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hul</i>,
<i>hol</i>, shell, husk, AS. <i>hulu</i>; akin to G.
<i>h&uuml;lle</i> covering, husk, case, <i>h&uuml;llen</i> to cover,
Goth. <i>huljan</i> to cover, AS. <i>helan</i> to hele, conceal.
&radic;17. See <u>Hele</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Hell</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The outer covering of anything, particularly
of a nut or of grain; the outer skin of a kernel; the husk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [In this sense perh. influenced by D.
<i>hol</i> hold of a ship, E. <i>hold</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
frame or body of a vessel, exclusive of her masts, yards, sails, and
rigging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Deep in their <i>hulls</i> our deadly bullets
light.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hull down</b></col>, <cd>said of a ship so distant that
her hull is concealed by the convexity of the sea.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hull</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hulled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hulling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strip off or separate the
hull or hulls of; to free from integument; as, to <i>hull</i>
corn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pierce the hull of, as a ship, with a
cannon ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hull</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To toss or drive on
the water, like the hull of a ship without sails.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak. Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hul`la*ba*loo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. a
corruption of <i>hurly-burly</i>.] <def>A confused noise; uproar;
tumult.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hulled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deprived of the
hulls.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hulled corn</b></col>, <cd>kernels of maize prepared for
food by removing the hulls.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hull"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, hulls; especially, an agricultural machine for removing the
hulls from grain; a hulling machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hul*lo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hollo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hull"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or
containing hulls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"lo*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hyloist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"lo*the*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hylotheism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hul"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hulfere</i>;
prob. akin to E. <i>holly</i>.] <def>Holly, an evergreen shrub or
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hummed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Humming</u> (?).] [Of imitative origin; cf. G. <i>hummen</i>, D.
<i>hommelen</i>. &radic;15.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a low,
prolonged sound, like that of a bee in flight; to drone; to murmur;
to buzz; as, a top <i>hums</i>.</def>  <i>P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Still <i>humming</i> on, their drowsy course they
keep.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a nasal sound, like that of the
letter <i>m</i> prolonged, without opening the mouth, or
articulating; to mumble in monotonous undertone; to drone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cloudy messenger turns me his back,<BR>
And <i>hums</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Hum</u>, <i>interj</i>.] <def>To make
an inarticulate sound, like <i>h'm</i>, through the nose in the
process of speaking, from embarrassment or a affectation; to
hem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To express satisfaction by a humming
noise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here the spectators <i>hummed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Trial of the Regicides.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly the habit of audiences was to express
gratification by humming and displeasure by hissing.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To have the sensation of a humming noise;
as, my head <i>hums</i>, -- a pathological condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
sing with shut mouth; to murmur without articulation; to mumble; as,
to <i>hum</i> a tune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express satisfaction with by
humming.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To flatter by approving; to cajole; to
impose on; to humbug.</def> [Colloq. &amp; Low]</p>

<p><hw>Hum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A low
monotonous noise, as of bees in flight, of a swiftly revolving top,
of a wheel, or the like; a drone; a buzz.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shard-borne beetle with his drowsy
<i>hums</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any inarticulate and buzzing sound</def>;
as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The confused noise of a crowd or of
machinery, etc., heard at a distance; as, the <i>hum</i> of
industry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But 'midst the crowd, the <i>hum</i>, the shock of
men.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A buzz or murmur, as of
approbation.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An imposition or hoax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Hem</u>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos>]
<def>An inarticulate nasal sound or murmur, like <i>h'm</i>, uttered
by a speaker in pause from embarrassment, affectation, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>THese shrugs, these <i>hums</i> and ha's.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Perh. so called because strongly
intoxicating.] <def>A kind of strong drink formerly used.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Venous hum</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Venous</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hum</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Hem</u>,
<i>interj</i>.] <def>Ahem; hem; an inarticulate sound uttered in a
pause of speech implying doubt and deliberation.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>humanus</i>; akin
to <i>homo</i> man: cf. F. <i>humain</i>. See <u>Homage</u>, and cf.
<u>Humane</u>, <u>Omber</u>.] <def>Belonging to man or mankind;
having the qualities or attributes of a man; of or pertaining to man
or to the race of man; as, a <i>human</i> voice; <i>human</i> shape;
<i>human</i> nature; <i>human</i> sacrifices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To err is <i>human</i>; to forgive,
divine.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"man</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A human being.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sprung of <i>humans</i> that inhabit
earth.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>humans</i> often find ourselves in strange
position.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"man*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>humanatus</i>.] <def>Indued with humanity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cranmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu*mane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>humanus</i>:
cf. F. <i>humain</i>. See <u>Human</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to man; human.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the feelings and inclinations
creditable to man; having a disposition to treat other human beings
or animals with kindness; kind; benevolent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of an exceeding courteous and <i>humane</i>
inclination.</blockquote> <i>Sportswood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Humanizing; exalting; tending to
refine.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Kind; sympathizing; benevolent; mild;
compassionate; gentle; tender; merciful.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Hu*mane"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Hu*mane"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 712 !></p>

<p><hw>Hu*man"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The study of
human nature.</def> [R.]  <i>T. W. Collins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu*man"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
human; to invest with a human personality; to incarnate.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>humanifying</i> of the divine
Word.</blockquote> <i>H. B. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"man*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Human nature or disposition; humanity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[She] looked almost like a being who had rejected with
indifference the attitude of sex for the loftier quality of abstract
<i>humanism</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Hardy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The study of the humanities; polite
learning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"man*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>humaniste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the scholars who in
the field of literature proper represented the movement of the
Renaissance, and early in the 16th century adopted the name
<i>Humanist</i> as their distinctive title.</def>  <i>Schaff-
Herzog.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who pursues the study of the
humanities, or polite literature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One versed in knowledge of human
nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu`man*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to humanity; as,
<i>humanistic</i> devotion.</def>  <i>Caird.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to polite literature.</def>
<i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu*man`i*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Theol. &amp; Ch. Hist.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
humanitarians, or to humanitarianism; as, a <i>humanitarian</i> view
of Christ's nature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>Content with right
affections and actions toward man; ethical, as distinguished from
religious; believing in the perfectibility of man's nature without
supernatural aid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Benevolent; philanthropic.</def>
[Recent]</p>

<p><hw>Hu*man`i*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Humanity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Theol. &amp; Ch. Hist.)</i>
<def>One who denies the divinity of Christ, and believes him to have
been merely human.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>One who limits the sphere
of duties to human relations and affections, to the exclusion or
disparagement of the religious or spiritual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who is actively concerned in promoting
the welfare of his kind; a philanthropist.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><hw>Hu*man`i*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Theol. &amp; Ch. Hist.)</i> <def>The distinctive
tenet of the humanitarians in denying the divinity of Christ; also,
the whole system of doctrine based upon this view of
Christ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The doctrine that man's
obligations are limited to, and dependent alone upon, man and the
human relations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu`ma*ni"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
humanist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu*man"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Humanities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>humanitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>humanit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Human</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being human; the peculiar nature of man, by which
he is distinguished from other beings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mankind collectively; the human
race.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But hearing oftentimes<BR>
The still, and music <i>humanity</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a debt we owe to <i>humanity</i>.</blockquote>
<i>S. S. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being humane; the kind
feelings, dispositions, and sympathies of man; especially, a
disposition to relieve persons or animals in distress, and to treat
all creatures with kindness and tenderness.</def> "The common offices
of <i>humanity</i> and friendship."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mental cultivation; liberal education;
instruction in classical and polite literature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Polished with <i>humanity</i> and the study of witty
science.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> (With definite article) <def>The
branches of polite or elegant learning; as language, rhetoric,
poetry, and the ancient classics; belles-letters.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The cultivation of the languages, literature, history, and
arch&aelig;ology of Greece and Rome, were very commonly called
<i>liter&aelig; humaniores</i>, or, in English, the
<i>humanities</i>, . . . by way of opposition to the <i>liter&aelig;
divin&aelig;</i>, or divinity.  <i>G. P. Marsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu*man`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of humanizing.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"man*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Humanized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Humanizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>humaniser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render human or humane; to soften; to make
gentle by overcoming cruel dispositions and rude habits; to refine or
civilize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Was it the business of magic to <i>humanize</i> our
natures with compassion?</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a human character or expression
to.</def> "<i>Humanized</i> divinities."  <i>Caird.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To convert into something
human or belonging to man; as, to <i>humanize</i> vaccine
lymph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"man*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become or be
made more humane; to become civilized; to be ameliorated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the original law of nations, war and extirpation
were the punishment of injury. <i>Humanizing</i> by degrees, it
admitted slavery instead of death; a further step was the exchange of
prisoners instead of slavery.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"man*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
renders humane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"man*kind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mankind.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"man*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a human manner; after the manner of men; according to the
knowledge or wisdom of men; as, the present prospects, <i>humanly</i>
speaking, promise a happy issue.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Kindly; humanely.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"man*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being human.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>humus</i> the
earth, ground.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of humic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>humatio</i>,
fr. <i>humare</i> to cover with earth, to inter, fr. <i>humus</i> the
earth, ground. See <u>Homage</u>.] <def>Interment; inhumation.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hum"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Humming
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Humbler</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Humblest</u> (?).] [F., fr. L.
<i>humilis</i> on the ground, low, fr. <i>humus</i> the earth,
ground. See <u>Homage</u>, and cf. <u>Chameleon</u>,
<u>Humiliate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Near the ground; not high
or lofty; not pretentious or magnificent; unpretending; unassuming;
as, a <i>humble</i> cottage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>THy <i>humble</i> nest built on the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Thinking lowly of one's self; claiming
little for one's self; not proud, arrogant, or assuming; thinking
one's self ill-deserving or unworthy, when judged by the demands of
God; lowly; waek; modest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God resisteth the proud, but giveth grace unto the
<i>humble</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jas. iv. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She should be <i>humble</i> who would
please.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Without a <i>humble</i> imitation of the divine Author
of our . . . religion we can never hope to be a happy
nation.</blockquote> <i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Humble plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of
sensitive plant, of the genus <i>Mimosa</i> (<i>M.
sensitiva</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>To eat humble pie</b></col>, <cd>to
endure mortification; to submit or apologize abjectly; to yield
passively to insult or humilitation; -- a phrase derived from a pie
made of the entrails or <i>humbles</i> of a deer, which was formerly
served to servants and retainers at a hunting feast. See
<u>Humbles</u>.</cd> <i>Halliwell.</i> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hornless. See
<u>Hummel</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Hum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Humbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Humbling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring low; to reduce
the power, independence, or exaltation of; to lower; to abase; to
humilate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here, take this purse, thou whom the heaven's
plagues<BR>
Have <i>humbled</i> to all strokes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The genius which <i>humbled</i> six marshals of
France.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make humble or lowly in mind; to abase
the pride or arrogance of; to reduce the self-sufficiently of; to
make meek and submissive; -- often used rexlexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Humble</i> yourselves therefore under the mighty
hand of God, that he may exalt you.</blockquote> <i>1 Pet. v.
6.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abase; lower; depress; humiliate; mortify;
disgrace; degrade.</p>

<p><hw>Hum"ble*bee`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>humbilbee</i>, <i>hombulbe</i>; cf. D. <i>hommel</i>, G.
<i>hummel</i>, OHG. <i>humbal</i>, Dan. <i>humle</i>, Sw.
<i>humla</i>; perh. akin to <i>hum</i>. &radic;15.  Cf.
<u>Bumblebee</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bumblebee.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hum"ble*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Humble</i> +
<i>-head</i>.] <def>Humble condition or estate; humility.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hum"ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being humble; humility; meekness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, humbles some one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"bles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Nombles</u>.] <def>Entrails of a deer.</def> [Written also
<i>umbles</i>.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hum"blesse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.]
<def>Humbleness; abasement; low obeisance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hum"bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With humility;
lowly.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hum"bug`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. <i>hum</i>
to impose on, deceive + <i>bug</i> a frightful object.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An imposition under fair pretenses; something
contrived in order to deceive and mislead; a trick by cajolery; a
hoax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spirit of deception; cajolery;
trickishness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who deceives or misleads; a deceitful
or trickish fellow; an impostor.</def>  <i>Sir J. Stephen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hum"bug`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Humbugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Humbugging</u> (?).] <def>To deceive; to impose; to cajole; to
hoax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"bug`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
humbugs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"bug`ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice
of imposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"drum`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Monotonous;
dull; commonplace.</def> "A <i>humdrum</i> crone."
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hum"drum`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
dull fellow; a bore.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Monotonous and tedious routine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dissatisfied with <i>humdrum</i>.</blockquote> <i>The
Nation.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A low cart with three wheels, drawn by one
horse.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hu*mect"</hw> (?), <hw>Hu*mec"tate</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [L. <i>humectare</i>, <i>humectatum</i>, fr.
<i>humectus</i> moist, fr. <i>humere</i> to be moist: cf. F.
<i>humecter</i>.] <def>To moisten; to wet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu*mec"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>humectans</i>, p. pr.] <def>Diluent.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A diluent drink or medicine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hu`mec*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>humectatio</i>: cf. F. <i>humectation</i>.] <def>A
moistening.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu*mec"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
moisten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hu"mer*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>humerus</i>
the shoulder: cf. F. <i>hum&eacute;ral</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the humerus, or upper part of the arm;
brachial.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Humeral veil</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>a long,
narrow veil or scarf of the same material as the vestments, worn
round the shoulders by the officiating priest or his attendant at
Mass, and used to protect the sacred vessels from contact with the
hands.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Hu"me*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Humeri</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The bone of the brachium, or upper part of the arm or fore
limb.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The part of the limb containing
the humerus; the brachium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>humus</i> the
earth, ground: cf. F. <i>humique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, or derived from, vegetable mold; as, <i>humic</i> acid. See
<u>Humin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu`mi*cu*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>humus</i> the ground + <i>cubare</i> to lie down.] <def>The act or
practice of lying on the ground.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Abp.
Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mid</hw> (h&umacr;"m&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>humidus</i>, <i>umidus</i>, fr. <i>humere</i>, <i>umere</i>, to be
moist; akin to <i>uvidus</i> moist, Gr. <grk>"ygro`s</grk>, Skr.
<i>uksh</i> to wet, sprinkle, and Icel. <i>v&ouml;kr</i> moist, and
perh. to E. <i>ox</i>: cf. F. <i>humide</i>.] <def>Containing
sensible moisture; damp; moist; as, a <i>humid</i>air or atmosphere;
somewhat wet or watery; as, <i>humid</i> earth; consisting of water
or vapor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evening cloud, or <i>humid</i> bow.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu*mid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>humidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Moisture; dampness; a moderate degree
of wetness, which is perceptible to the eye or touch; -- used
especially of the atmosphere, or of anything which has absorbed
moisture from the atmosphere, as clothing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In hygrometrical reports (as of the United States Signal
Service) complete saturation of the air is designated by
<i>Humidity</i> 100, and its partial saturation by smaller
numbers.</p>

<p><hw>Hu"mid*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Humidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mi*fuse</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>humus</i>
ground + <i>fusus</i>, p. p. of <i>fundere</i> to spread.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Spread over the surface of the ground;
procumbent.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu*mil"i*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>humilians</i>, p. pr. of <i>humiliare</i>.] <def>Humiliating;
humbling.</def> "<i>Humiliant</i> thoughts." [R.]  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu*mil"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Humiliated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Humiliating</u>.] [L. <i>humiliatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>humiliare</i>. See <u>Humble</u>.] <def>To reduce to a lower
position in one's own eyes, or in the eyes of others; to humble; to
mortify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We stand <i>humiliated</i> rather than
encouraged.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu*mil`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>humiliatio</i>: cf. F. <i>humiliation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of humiliating or humbling; abasement of pride;
mortification.</def>  <i>Bp. Hopkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being humiliated, humbled, or
reduced to lowliness or submission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The former was a <i>humiliation</i> of Deity; the
latter a <i>humiliation</i> of manhood.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu*mil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Humilities</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>humilite</i>, OF.
<i>humilit&eacute;</i>, <i>humelit&eacute;</i>, F.
<i>humilit&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>humiliatis</i>. See <u>Humble</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being humble; freedom
from pride and arrogance; lowliness of mind; a modest estimate of
one's own worth; a sense of one's own unworthiness through
imperfection and sinfulness; self-abasement; humbleness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Serving the Lord with all <i>humility</i> of
mind.</blockquote> <i>Acts xx. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act of submission or
courtesy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With these <i>humilities</i> they satisfied the young
king.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lowliness; humbleness; meekness; modesty;
diffidence.  -- <u>Humility</u>, <u>Modesty</u>, <u>Diffidence</u>.
<i>Diffidence</i> is a distrust of our powers, combined with a fear
lest our failure should be censured, since a dread of failure
unconnected with a dread of censure is not usually called
<i>diffidence</i>. It may be carried too far, and is not always, like
modesty and humility, a virtue. <i>Modesty</i>, without supposing
self-distrust, implies an unwillingness to put ourselves forward, and
an absence of all over-confidence in our own powers. <i>Humility</i>
consists in rating our claims low, in being willing to waive our
rights, and take a lower place than might be our due. It does not
require of us to underrate ourselves.</p>

<p><hw>Hu"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>humus</i> the
earth, ground.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter, brownish yellow,
amorphous substance, extracted from vegetable mold, and also produced
by the action of acids on certain sugars and carbohydrates; -- called
also <i>humic acid</i>, <i>ulmin</i>, <i>gein</i>, <i>ulmic</i> or
<i>geic acid</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hu*mi"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From native name.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fragrant balsam obtained from Brazilian trees of
the genus <i>Humirium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Sir A.
<i>Hume</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a transparent vitreous
brown color, found in the ejected masses of Vesuvius. It is a
silicate of iron and magnesia, containing fluorine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Hamble</u>.]
<def>To separate from the awns; -- said of barley.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Hum"mel</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no awns or no
horns; as, <i>hummel</i>corn; a <i>hummel</i> cow.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Hum"mel*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>hummeller</i>.] <def>One who, or a machine which,
hummels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, hums; one who applauds by humming.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A humming
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"ming</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Emitting a
murmuring sound; droning; murmuring; buzzing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"ming</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sound like that
made by bees; a low, murmuring sound; a hum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hummingale</b></col>, <cd>lively or strong ale.</cd>
<i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>Humming bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any bird of the family <i>Trochilid&aelig;</i>, of which over one
hundred genera are known, including about four hundred species. They
are found only in America and are most abundant in the tropics. They
are mostly of very small size, and are noted for their very brilliant
colors and peculiar habit of hovering about flowers while vibrating
their wings very rapidly with a humming noise. They feed both upon
the nectar of flowers and upon small insects. The common humming bird
or ruby-throat of the Eastern United States is <i>Trochilus
colubris</i>. Several other species are found in the Western United
States. See <u>Calliope</u>, and <u>Ruby-throat</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Humming-bird moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a hawk
moth. See <i>Hawk moth</i>, under <u>Hawk</u>, the bird.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hum"mock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. a dim. of
<i>hump</i>. See <u>Hump</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rounded
knoll or hillock; a rise of ground of no great extent, above a level
surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ridge or pile of ice on an ice
field.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Timbered land. See <u>Hammock</u>.</def>
[Southern U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hum"mock*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of
forming hummocks in the collision of Arctic ice.</def>
<i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hum"mock*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
hummocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"mum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. or Ar.
<i>hamm&amacr;n</i>.] <def>A sweating bath or place for
sweating.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>humour</i>, OF.
<i>humor</i>, <i>umor</i>, F. <i>humeur</i>, L. <i>humor</i>,
<i>umor</i>, moisture, fluid, fr. <i>humere</i>, <i>umere</i>, to be
moist. See <u>Humid</u>.] [Written also <i>humour</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moisture, especially, the moisture or fluid
of animal bodies, as the chyle, lymph, etc.; as, the <i>humors</i> of
the eye, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ancient physicians believed that there were four humors
(the blood, phlegm, yellow bile or choler, and black bile or
melancholy), on the relative proportion of which the temperament and
health depended.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A vitiated or morbid animal
fluid, such as often causes an eruption on the skin.</def> "A body
full of <i>humors</i>."  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>State of mind, whether habitual or
temporary (as formerly supposed to depend on the character or
combination of the fluids of the body); disposition; temper; mood;
as, good <i>humor</i>; ill <i>humor</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Examine how your <i>humor</i> is inclined,<BR>
And which the ruling passion of your mind.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A prince of a pleasant <i>humor</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I like not the <i>humor</i> of lying.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Changing and uncertain states
of mind; caprices; freaks; vagaries; whims.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is my friend all perfection, all virtue and
discretion? Has he not <i>humors</i> to be endured?</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That quality of the imagination which
gives to ideas an incongruous or fantastic turn, and tends to excite
laughter or mirth by ludicrous images or representations; a playful
fancy; facetiousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For thy sake I admit<BR>
That a Scot may have <i>humor</i>, I'd almost said wit.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A great deal of excellent <i>humor</i> was expended on
the perplexities of mine host.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Aqueous humor</b></col>, <col><b>Crystalline
humor</b></col> or <col><b>lens</b></col>, <col><b>Vitreous
humor</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <u>Eye</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Out of humor</b></col>, <cd>dissatisfied; displeased; in an
unpleasant frame of mind.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wit; satire; pleasantry; temper; disposition; mood;
frame; whim; fancy; caprice. See <u>Wit</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 713 !></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Humored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Humoring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To comply with the humor
of; to adjust matters so as suit the peculiarities, caprices, or
exigencies of; to adapt one's self to; to indulge by skillful
adaptation; as, to <i>humor</i> the mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is my part to invent, and the musician's to
<i>humor</i> that invention.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To help on by indulgence or compliant
treatment; to soothe; to gratify; to please.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>humor</i> me when I am sick.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To gratify; to indulge. See <u>Gratify</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>humoral</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or proceeding from, the humors;
as, a <i>humoral</i> fever.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Humoral pathology</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the
pathology, or doctrine of the nature of diseases, which attributes
all morbid phenomena to the disordered condition of the fluids or
humors of the body.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The state or quality of being
humoral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The doctrine that diseases
proceed from the humors; humorism.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favors
the humoral pathology or believes in humoralism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The theory founded on the influence which the
humors were supposed to have in the production of disease;
Galenism.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The manner or disposition of a humorist;
humorousness.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>humoriste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>One who
attributes diseases of the state of the humors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has some peculiarity or
eccentricity of character, which he indulges in odd or whimsical
ways.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Roger de Coverley] . . . was a great
<i>humorist</i> in all parts of his life.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who displays humor in speaking or
writing; one who has a facetious fancy or genius; a wag; a
droll.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reputation of wits and
<i>humorists</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu`mor*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, a humorist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
humor.</def>  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
humor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>humorosus</i>, <i>umorosus</i>, moist. See <u>Humor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moist; humid; watery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All founts wells, all deeps
<i>humorous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subject to be governed by humor or
caprice; irregular; capricious; whimsical.</def>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rough as a storm and <i>humorous</i> as the
wind.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Full of humor; jocular; exciting laughter;
playful; as, a <i>humorous</i> story or author; a <i>humorous</i>
aspect.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Jocose; facetious; witty; pleasant; merry.</p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capriciously; whimsically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We resolve rashly, sillily, or
<i>humorously</i>.</blockquote> <i>Calamy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Facetiously; wittily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moodiness; capriciousness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Facetiousness; jocularity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moody; whimsical; capricious.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The commons do not abet <i>humorsome</i>, factious
arms.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Jocose; witty; humorous.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor*some*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Pleasantly;
humorously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mor*some*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being humorsome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>homp</i> a
lump, LG. <i>hump</i> heap, hill, stump, possibly akin to E.
<i>heap</i>.  Cf. <u>Hunch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
protuberance; especially, the protuberance formed by a crooked
back.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fleshy protuberance
on the back of an animal, as a camel or whale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hump"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Hunchback</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crooked back; a humped
back.</def>  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A humpbacked person; a
hunchback.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any whale of the genus <i>Megaptera</i>, characterized by a hump
or bunch on the back. Several species are known. The most common ones
in the North Atlantic are <i>Megaptera longimana</i> of Europe, and
<i>M. osphyia</i> of America; that of the California coasts is <i>M.
versabilis</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small salmon
(<i>Oncorhynchus gorbuscha</i>), of the northwest coast of
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hump"backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
humped back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Humped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a hump, as
the back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Humph</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Of imitative
origin.] <def>An exclamation denoting surprise, or contempt, doubt,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hump"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
hump.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hump"-shoul`dered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
high, hunched shoulders.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hump"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of humps or
bunches; covered with protuberances; humped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"strum`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
out of tune or rudely constructed; music badly played.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"mu*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Humulus</i>,
the genus including the hop.] <def>An extract of hops.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hu"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the earth,
ground, soil.] <def>That portion of the soil formed by the
decomposition of animal or vegetable matter. It is a valuable
constituent of soils.</def>  <i>Graham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Hunni</i>, also
<i>Chunni</i>, and <i>Chuni</i>; cf. AS. <i>H&?;nas</i>,
<i>H&?;ne</i>, OHG. <i>H&?;ni</i>, G. <i>Hunnen</i>.] <def>One of a
warlike nomadic people of Northern Asia who, in the 5th century,
under Atilla, invaded and conquered a great part of Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hunch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. akin to
<i>huckle</i>; cf. <i>hump</i>, <i>hunch</i>, <i>bunch</i>,
<i>hunk</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hump; a
protuberance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lump; a thick piece; as, a <i>hunch</i>
of bread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A push or thrust, as with the
elbow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hunch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hunched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hunching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To push or jostle with the
elbow; to push or thrust suddenly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrust out a hump or protuberance; to
crook, as the back.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hunch"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Humpback</u>.] <def>A back with a hunch or hump; also, a
hunchbacked person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hunch"backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
humped back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hun"dred</hw> (h&ubreve;n"dr&ebreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>hundred</i>, AS. <i>hundred</i> a territorial division;
<i>hund</i> hundred + a word akin to Goth. <i>ga-ra&thorn;jan</i> to
count, L. <i>ratio</i> reckoning, account; akin to OS.
<i>hunderod</i>, <i>hund</i>, D. <i>hondred</i>, G. <i>hundert</i>,
OHG. also <i>hunt</i>, Icel. <i>hundra&eth;</i>, Dan.
<i>hundrede</i>, Sw. <i>hundra</i>, <i>hundrade</i>, Goth.
<i>hund</i>, Lith. <i>szimtas</i>, Russ. <i>sto</i>, W. <i>cant</i>,
Ir. <i>cead</i>, L. <i>centum</i>, Gr. <grk>"ekato`s</grk>, Skr.
<i>&ccedil;ata</i>. &radic;309.  Cf. <u>Cent</u>, <u>Century</u>,
<u>Hecatomb</u>, <u>Quintal</u>, and <u>Reason</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The product of ten multiplied by ten, or the
number of ten times ten; a collection or sum, consisting of ten times
ten units or objects; five score. Also, a symbol representing one
hundred units, as 100 or C.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With many <i>hundreds</i> treading on his
heels.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>hundred</i>, as well as <i>thousand</i>,
<i>million</i>, etc., often takes a plural form. We may say
<i>hundreds</i>, or many <i>hundreds</i>, meaning individual objects
or units, but with an ordinal numeral adjective in constructions like
five <i>hundreds</i>, or eight <i>hundreds</i>, it is usually
intended to consider each hundred as a separate aggregate; as, ten
<i>hundreds</i> are one thousand.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A division of a country in England,
supposed to have originally contained a <i>hundred</i> families, or
freemen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hundred court</b></col>, <cd>a court held for all the
inhabitants of a hundred.</cd> [Eng.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hun"dred</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ten times ten; five
score; as, a <i>hundred</i> dollars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hun"dred*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An inhabitant or freeholder of a hundred.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person competent to serve
on a jury, in an action for land in the hundred to which he
belongs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who has the jurisdiction of a hundred;
and sometimes, a bailiff of a hundred.</def>  <i>Blount.
Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hun"dred*fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hundred
times as much or as many.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall receive as <i>hundredfold</i> now in this
time.</blockquote> <i>Mark x. 30.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hun"dredth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Coming last of a hundred successive individuals or
units.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Forming one of a hundred equal parts into
which anything is divided; the tenth of a tenth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hun"dredth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a hundred
equal parts into which one whole is, or may be, divided; the quotient
of a unit divided by a hundred.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hun"dred*weight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
denomination of weight, containing 100, 112, or 120 pounds
avoirdupois, according to differing laws or customs. By the legal
standard of England it is 112 pounds. In most of the United States,
both in practice and by law, it is 100 pounds avoirdupois, the
corresponding ton of 2,000 pounds, sometimes called the <i>short</i>
ton, being the legal ton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Hang</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hung beef</b></col>, <cd>the fleshy part of beef slightly
salted and hung up to dry; dried beef.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hun*ga"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Hungary or to the people of Hungary.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or one of the people of
Hungary.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hungarian grass</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Italian millet</i>,
under <u>Millet</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hun"ga*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A country in
Central Europe, now a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hungary water</b></col>, <cd>a distilled "water," made
from dilute alcohol aromatized with rosemary flowers, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hun"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hungor</i>;
akin to OFries. <i>hunger</i>, D. <i>honger</i>, OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>hungar</i>, G. <i>hunger</i>, Icel. <i>hungr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>hunger</i>, Goth. <i>h&?;hrus</i> hunger, <i>huggrjan</i> to
hunger.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An uneasy sensation occasioned
normally by the want of food; a craving or desire for food.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The sensation of hunger is usually referred to the stomach,
but is probably dependent on excitation of the sensory nerves, both
of the stomach and intestines, and perhaps also on indirect
impressions from other organs, more or less exhausted from lack of
nutriment.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any strong eager desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O sacred <i>hunger</i> of ambitious
minds!</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>hunger</i> of my gold I die.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hun"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hungered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hungering</u>.] [OE. <i>hungren</i>, AS. <i>hyngrian</i>. See
<u>Hunger</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel
the craving or uneasiness occasioned by want of food; to be oppressed
by hunger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have an eager desire; to
long.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blessed are they which do <i>hunger</i> and thirst
after righteouness.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hun"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make hungry; to
famish.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hun"ger-bit`</hw> (?), <hw>Hun"ger-bit`ten</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pinched or weakened by hunger.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hun"gered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hungry; pinched
for food.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hun"ger*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hungers; one who longs.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hun"ger*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting food;
starved.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hun"ger*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With keen
appetite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hun"ger-starve`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
starve with hunger; to famish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hun"gred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hungered;
hungry.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Hun"gri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From
<u>Hunger</u>.] <def>In a hungry manner; voraciously.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hun"gry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Hungrier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Hungriest</u>.] [AS. <i>hungrid</i>. See
<u>Hunger</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Feeling hunger; having a keen
appetite; feeling uneasiness or distress from want of food; hence,
having an eager desire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Showing hunger or a craving desire;
voracious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cruel, <i>hungry</i> foam.</blockquote> <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cassius has a lean and <i>hungry</i>
look.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not rich or fertile; poor; barren;
starved; as, a <i>hungry</i> soil.</def> "The <i>hungry</i> beach."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hunk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Hunch</u>.] <def>A
large lump or piece; a hunch; as, a <i>hunk</i> of bread.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hun"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Originally, a
nickname for a member of the conservative section of the Democratic
party in New York; hence, one opposed to progress in general; a
fogy.</def> [Political Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hun"ker*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive
conservatism; hostility to progress.</def> [Political Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hunks</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A covetous, sordid man; a miser; a niggard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pray make your bargain with all the prudence and
selfishness of an old <i>hunks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hunted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hunting</u>.] [AS. <i>huntian</i> to hunt; cf. <i>hentan</i> to
follow, pursue, Goth. <i>hin&?;an</i> (in comp.) to seize. &radic;36.
Cf. <u>Hent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To search for or follow
after, as game or wild animals; to chase; to pursue for the purpose
of catching or killing; to follow with dogs or guns for sport or
exercise; as, to <i>hunt</i> a deer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a dog, he <i>hunts</i> in dreams.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To search diligently after; to seek; to
pursue; to follow; -- often with <i>out</i> or <i>up</i>; as, to
<i>hunt</i> up the facts; to <i>hunt</i> out evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evil shall <i>hunt</i> the violent man to overthrow
him.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxl. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To drive; to chase; -- with <i>down</i>,
<i>from</i>, <i>away</i>, etc.; as, to <i>hunt</i> down a criminal;
he was <i>hunted</i> from the parish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To use or manage in the chase, as
hounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>hunts</i> a pack of dogs.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To use or traverse in pursuit of game; as,
he <i>hunts</i> the woods, or the country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hunt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
follow the chase; to go out in pursuit of game; to course with
hounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Esau went to the field to <i>hunt</i> for
venison.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxvii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seek; to pursue; to search; -- with
<i>for</i> or <i>after</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He after honor <i>hunts</i>, I after
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hunt counter</b></col>, <cd>to trace the scent backward
in hunting, as a hound to go back on one's steps.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or practice of chasing wild animals; chase; pursuit;
search.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hunt</i> is up; the morn is bright and
gray.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The game secured in the hunt.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pack of hounds.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An association of huntsmen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A district of country hunted
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every landowner within the <i>hunt</i>.</blockquote>
<i>London Field.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hunt"-count`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A worthless
dog that runs back on the scent; a blunderer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hunt"e</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hunta</i>.]
<def>A hunter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hunt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who hunts wild animals either for sport or for food; a
huntsman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dog that scents game, or is trained to
the chase; a hunting dog.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A horse used in the chase; especially, a
thoroughbred, bred and trained for hunting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who hunts or seeks after anything, as
if for game; as, a fortune <i>hunter</i> a place
<i>hunter</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No keener <i>hunter</i> after glory
breathes.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of spider. See
<i>Hunting spider</i>, under <u>Hunting</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A hunting watch, or one of which the
crystal is protected by a metallic cover.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hunter's room</b></col>, <cd>the lunation after the
harvest moon.</cd> -- <col><b>Hunter's screw</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a differential screw, so named from the inventor.
See under <u>Differential</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hun*te"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Discovered or
described by John <i>Hunter</i>, an English surgeon; as, the
<i>Hunterian</i> chancre. See <u>Chancre</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hunt"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The pursuit of
game or of wild animals.</def>  <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Happy hunting grounds</b></col>, <cd>the region to which,
according to the belief of American Indians, the souls of warriors
and hunters pass after death, to be happy in hunting and
feasting.</cd> <i>Tylor.</i> -- <col><b>Hunting box</b></col>.
<cd>Same As <i>Hunting lodge</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Hunting
cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cheetah.</cd> --
<col><b>Hunting cog</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a tooth in the
larger of two geared wheels which makes its number of teeth prime to
the number in the smaller wheel, thus preventing the frequent meeting
of the same pairs of teeth.</cd> -- <col><b>Hunting dog</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hyena dog.</cd> -- <col><b>Hunting
ground</b></col>, <cd>a region or district abounding in game; esp.
(<i>pl.</i>), the regions roamed over by the North American Indians
in search of game.</cd> -- <col><b>Hunting horn</b></col>, <cd>a
bulge; a horn used in the chase. See <u>Horn</u>, and
<u>Bulge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hunting leopard</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cheetah.</cd> -- <col><b>Hunting
lodge</b></col>, <cd>a temporary residence for the purpose of
hunting.</cd> -- <col><b>Hunting seat</b></col>, <cd>a hunting
lodge.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Hunting shirt</b></col>, <cd>a
coarse shirt for hunting, often of leather.</cd> -- <col><b>Hunting
spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a spider which hunts its
prey, instead of catching it in a web; a wolf spider.</cd> --
<col><b>Hunting watch</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Hunter</u>, 6.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hunt"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
hunts or follows the chase; as, the <i>huntress</i> Diana.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hunts"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Huntsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
hunts, or who practices hunting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The person whose office it is to manage
the chase or to look after the hounds.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Huntsman's cup</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the sidesaddle
flower, or common American pitcher plant (<i>Sarracenia
purpurea</i>).</cd></p>

<p><! p. 714 !></p>

<p><hw>Hunts"man*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
practice of hunting, or the qualification of a hunter.</def>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hunt's"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tune played
on the horn very early in the morning to call out the hunters; hence,
any arousing sound or call.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Time plays the <i>hunt's-up</i> to thy sleepy
head.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hur"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Hurds</u>.]
<def>A coarse kind of linen; -- called also <i>harden</i>.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Hur"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hurdel</i>,
<i>hirdel</i>, AS. <i>hyrdel</i>; akin to D. <i>horde</i>, OHG.
<i>hurt</i>, G. <i>h&uuml;rde</i> a hurdle, fold, pen, Icel.
<i>hur&?;</i> door, Goth. <i>ha&uacute;rds</i>, L. <i>cratis</i>
wickerwork, hurdle, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>k&?;t</i> to spin, <i>c&?;t</i>
to bind, connect. &radic;16.  Cf. <u>Crate</u>, <u>Grate</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A movable frame of
wattled twigs, osiers, or withes and stakes, or sometimes of iron,
used for inclosing land, for folding sheep and cattle, for gates,
etc.; also, in fortification, used as revetments, and for other
purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In England, a sled or crate on which
criminals were formerly drawn to the place of execution.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An artificial barrier, variously
constructed, over which men or horses leap in a race.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hurdle race</b></col>, <cd>a race in which artificial
barriers in the form of hurdles, fences, etc., must be
leaped.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hur"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hurdleed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hurdleing</u> (?).] <def>To hedge, cover, make, or inclose with
hurdles.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hur"dle*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work after
manner of a hurdle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hurds</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Hards</u>.]
<def>The coarse part of flax or hemp; hards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hur"dy-gur`dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. of
imitative origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stringled instrument,
lutelike in shape, in which the sound is produced by the friction of
a wheel turned by a crank at the end, instead of by a bow, two of the
strings being tuned as drones, while two or more, tuned in unison,
are modulated by keys.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In California, a water wheel with radial
buckets, driven by the impact of a jet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hur*ka"ru</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>hark&amacr;ra</i>] <def>In India, a running footman; a
messenger.</def> [Written also <i>hurkaroo</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hurl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hurled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hurling</u>.] [OE. <i>hurlen</i>, <i>hourlen</i>; prob. contracted
fr. OE. <i>hurtlen</i> to hurtle, or probably akin to E.
<i>whirl</i>. &radic;16. See <u>Hurtle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To send whirling or whizzing through the air; to throw with
violence; to drive with great force; as, to <i>hurl</i> a stone or
lance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>hurl'd</i> them headlong to their fleet and
main.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To emit or utter with vehemence or
impetuosity; as, to <i>hurl</i> charges or invective.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Whirl</u>.] <def>To twist or
turn.</def> "<i>Hurled</i> or crooked feet." [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hurl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
hurl one's self; to go quickly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perform the act of hurling something;
to throw something (at another).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God shall <i>hurl</i> at him and not
spare.</blockquote> <i>Job xxvii. 22 (Rev. Ver. ).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To play the game of hurling. See
<u>Hurling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hurl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of hurling or throwing with violence; a cast; a fling.</def>
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tumult; riot; hurly-burly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Hat Manuf.)</i> <def>A table on which fiber
is stirred and mixed by beating with a bowspring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hurl"bat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Whirlbat</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hurl"bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Whirlbone</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A bone near the middle of
the buttock of a horse.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hurl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who hurls, or
plays at hurling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hurl"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of throwing with force.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of game at ball, formerly
played.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hurling</i> taketh its denomination from throwing
the ball.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hurl"wind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
whirlwind.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hur"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>hurler</i> to
howl.] <def>Noise; confusion; uproar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That, with the <i>hurly</i>, death itself
awakes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hur"ly-bur`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Reduplicated fr.
OE. <i>hurly</i> confusion: cf. F. <i>hurler</i> to howl, yell, L.
<i>ululare</i>; or cf. E. <i>hurry</i>.] <def>Tumult; bustle;
confusion.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All places were filled with tumult and <i>hurly-
burly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hu*ro"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Named from Lake
<i>Huron</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to certain non-
fossiliferous rocks on the borders of Lake Huron, which are supposed
to correspond in time to the latter part of the Arch&aelig;an
age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"ron-Ir`o*quous"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A linguistic group of warlike North American
Indians, belonging to the same stock as the Algonquins, and including
several tribes, among which were the Five Nations. They formerly
occupied the region about Lakes Erie and Ontario, and the larger part
of New York.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"rons</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; <i>sing.</i>
<i>Huron</i>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A powerful and warlike tribe of
North American Indians of the Algonquin stock. They formerly occupied
the country between Lakes Huron, Erie, and Ontario, but were nearly
exterminated by the Five Nations about 1650.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hurr</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Hurry</u>.]
<def>To make a rolling or burring sound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>R is the dog's letter, and <i>hurreth</i> in the
sound.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hur*rah"</hw> <hw>Hur*ra"</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. G., Dan., &amp; Sw. <i>hurra</i>.  Cf.
<u>Huzza</u>.] <def>A word used as a shout of joy, triumph, applause,
encouragement, or welcome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hurrah</i>! <i>hurrah</i>! for Ivry and Henry of
Navarre.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hur*rah"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cheer; a shout of
joy, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hurrah's nest</b></col>, <cd>state of utmost
confusion.</cd> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A perfect <i>hurrah's nest</i> in our
kitchen.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Stowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hur*rah"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter
hurrahs; to huzza.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hur*rah"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To salute, or
applaud, with hurrahs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hur"ri*cane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>hurracan</i>; orig. a Carib word signifying, a high wind.] <def>A
violent storm, characterized by extreme fury and sudden changes of
the wind, and generally accompanied by rain, thunder, and lightning;
-- especially prevalent in the East and West Indies. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the smoke in a <i>hurricane</i>
whirl'd.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each guilty thought to me is<BR>
A dreadful <i>hurricane</i>.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hurricane bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
frigate bird.</cd> -- <col><b>Hurricane deck</b></col>.
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Deck</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hur`ri*ca"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hurricanoes</b></plw> (#). <def>A waterspout; a
hurricane.</def> [Obs.] <i>Drayton.</i>  "You cataracts and
<i>hurricanoes</i>, spout."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hur"ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Urged on; hastened; going or working at speed; as, a
<i>hurried</i> writer; a <i>hurried</i> life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done in a hurry; hence, imperfect;
careless; as, a <i>hurried</i> job.</def> "A <i>hurried</i> meeting."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Hur"ried*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Hur"ried*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hur"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who hurries
or urges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hur"ries</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A staith or
framework from which coal is discharged from cars into
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hurried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hurrying</u>.] [OE. <i>horien</i>; cf. OSw. <i>hurra</i> to whirl
round, dial. Sw. <i>hurr</i> great haste, Dan. <i>hurre</i> to buzz,
Icel. <i>hurr</i> hurly-burly, MHG. <i>hurren</i> to hurry, and E.
<i>hurr</i>, <i>whir</i> to hurry; all prob. of imitative origin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hasten; to impel to greater speed; to urge
on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Impetuous lust <i>hurries</i> him on.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>hurried</i> him abroad a bark.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impel to precipitate or thoughtless
action; to urge to confused or irregular activity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And wild amazement <i>hurries</i> up and down<BR>
The little number of your doubtful friends.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be done quickly.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hasten; precipitate; expedite; quicken;
accelerate; urge.</p>

<p><hw>Hur"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move or act with
haste; to proceed with celerity or precipitation; as, let us
<i>hurry</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To hurry up</b></col>, <cd>to make haste.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hur"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of hurrying in
motion or business; pressure; urgency; bustle; confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ambition raises a tumult in the soul, it inflames the
mind, and puts into a violent <i>hurry</i> of thought.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Haste; speed; dispatch. See <u>Haste</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hur"ry*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a hurrying
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hur"ry-skur`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [An imitative
word; cf. Sw. <i>skorra</i> to rattle, snarl, E. <i>scurry</i>.]
<def>Confusedly; in a bustle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hurst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hurst</i>, AS.
<i>hyrst</i>; akin to OHG. <i>hurst</i>, <i>horst</i>, wood, thicket,
G. <i>horst</i> the nest of a bird of prey, an eyerie, thicket.]
<def>A wood or grove; -- a word used in the composition of many
names, as in Hazle<i>hurst</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hurt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A band on a trip-hammer helve, bearing the
trunnions.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A husk. See <u>Husk</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hurt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hurt</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hurting</u>.] [OE. <i>hurten</i>, <i>hirten</i>, <i>horten</i>,
<i>herten</i>; prob. fr. OF. <i>hurter</i>, <i>heurter</i>, to knock,
thrust, strike, F. <i>heurter</i>; cf. W. <i>hyrddu</i> to push,
drive, assault, <i>hwrdd</i> a stroke, blow, push; also, a ram, the
orig. sense of the verb thus perhaps being, to butt as a ram; cf. D.
<i>horten</i> to push, strike, MHG. <i>hurten</i>, both prob. fr. Old
French.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause physical pain to; to do
bodily harm to; to wound or bruise painfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hurt</i> lion groans within his
den.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impar the value, usefulness, beauty, or
pleasure of; to damage; to injure; to harm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Virtue may be assailed, but never
<i>hurt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wound the feelings of; to cause mental
pain to; to offend in honor or self-respect; to annoy; to
grieve.</def> "I am angry and <i>hurt</i>."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hurt"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bodily injury causing pain; a wound, bruise, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pains of sickness and <i>hurts</i> . . . all men
feel.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An injury causing pain of mind or
conscience; a slight; a stain; as of sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But the jingling of the guinea helps the <i>hurt</i>
that Honor feels.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Injury; damage; detriment; harm;
mischief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou dost me yet but little <i>hurt</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wound; bruise; injury; harm; damage; loss;
detriment; mischief; bane; disadvantage.</p>

<p><hw>Hurt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who hurts or
does harm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall not be a <i>hurter</i>, if no
helper.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hurt"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>heurtoir</i>, lit.,
a striker. See <u>Hurt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A butting
piece; a strengthening piece, esp.: <i>(Mil.)</i> A piece of wood at
the lower end of a platform, designed to prevent the wheels of gun
carriages from injuring the parapet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hurt"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to impair
or damage; injurious; mischievous; occasioning loss or injury; as,
<i>hurtful</i> words or conduct.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pernicious; harmful; baneful; prejudicial;
detrimental; disadvantageous; mischievous; injurious; noxious;
unwholesome; destructive.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Hurt"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Hurt"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hur"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hurtled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hurtling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>hurtlen</i>, freq. of <i>hurten</i>.
See <u>Hurt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Hurl</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To meet with violence or shock; to clash; to
jostle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Together <i>hurtled</i> both their
steeds.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move rapidly; to wheel or rush suddenly
or with violence; to whirl round rapidly; to skirmish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>hurtling</i> round, advantage for to
take.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Down the <i>hurtling</i> cataract of the
ages.</blockquote> <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a threatening sound, like the
clash of arms; to make a sound as of confused clashing or confusion;
to resound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The noise of battle <i>hurtled</i> in the
air.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The earthquake sound<BR>
<i>Hurtling</i> 'death the solid ground.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hur"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To move with violence or impetuosity; to whirl; to
brandish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His harmful club he gan to <i>hurtle</i>
high.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To push; to jostle; to hurl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he <i>hurtleth</i> with his horse
adown.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hur"tle*ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Huckleberry</u>, <u>Whortleberry</u>.] <def>See
<u>Whortleberry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hurt"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Doing no injury;
harmless; also, unhurt; without injury or harm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gentle dame so <i>hurtless</i> and so
true.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Hurt"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Hurt"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hus"band</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hosebonde</i>,
<i>husbonde</i>, a husband, the master of the house or family, AS.
<i>h&?;sbonda</i> master of the house; <i>h&?;s</i> house +
<i>bunda</i>, <i>bonda</i>, householder, husband; prob. fr. Icel.
<i>h&?;sb&omacr;ndi</i> house master, husband; <i>h&?;s</i> house +
<i>b&?;andi</i> dwelling, inhabiting, p. pr. of <i>b&?;a</i> to
dwell; akin to AS. <i>b&?;an</i>, Goth. <i>bauan</i>. See <u>House
Be</u>, and cf. <u>Bond</u> a slave, <u>Boor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The male head of a household; one who orders the economy of a
family.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cultivator; a tiller; a
husbandman.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The painful <i>husband</i>, plowing up his
ground.</blockquote> <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is the neatest <i>husband</i> for curious ordering
his domestic and field accommodations.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who manages or directs with prudence
and economy; a frugal person; an economist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God knows how little time is left me, and may I be a
good <i>husband</i>, to improve the short remnant left
me.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A married man; a man who has a wife; --
the correlative to <i>wife</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>husband</i> and wife are one person in
law.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The male of a pair of animals.</def> [R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A ship's husband</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an agent
representing the owners of a ship, who manages its expenses and
receipts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hus"band</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Husbanded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Husbanding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To direct and manage with
frugality; to use or employ to good purpose and the best advantage;
to spend, apply, or use, with economy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For my means, I'll <i>husband</i> them so well,<BR>
They shall go far.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cultivate, as land; to till.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Land so trim and rarely <i>husbanded</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a husband.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hus"band*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being husbanded, or managed with economy.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hus"band*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The commission or compensation allowed to a ship's
husband.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hus"band*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
husband.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hus"band*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Frugal;
thrifty.</def> [R.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hus"band*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Husbandmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
master of a family.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A farmer; a cultivator or tiller of the
ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hus"band*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Care of domestic affairs; economy; domestic management;
thrift.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There's <i>husbandry</i> in heaven;<BR>
Their candles are all out.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The business of a husbandman,
comprehending the various branches of agriculture; farming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Husbandry</i> supplieth all things necessary for
food.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hush</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hushed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hushing</u>.] [OE. <i>huschen</i>, <i>hussen</i>, prob. of
imitative origin; cf. LG. <i>hussen</i> to lull to sleep, G.
<i>husch</i> quick, make haste, be silent.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To still; to silence; to calm; to make quiet; to repress the
noise or clamor of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My tongue shall <i>hush</i> again this storm of
war.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To appease; to allay; to calm; to
soothe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With thou, then,<BR>
<i>Hush</i> my cares?</blockquote> <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>hush'd</i> my deepest grief of
all.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hush up</b></col>, <cd>to procure silence concerning;
to suppress; to keep secret.</cd> "This matter is <i>hushed up</i>."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hush</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become or to keep
still or quiet; to become silent; -- esp. used in the imperative, as
an exclamation; be still; be silent or quiet; make no
noise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hush</i>, idle words, and thoughts of
ill.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But all these strangers' presence every one did
<i>hush</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hush</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stillness; silence;
quiet.</def> [R.] "It is the <i>hush</i> of night."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hush money</b></col>, <cd>money paid to secure silence, or
to prevent the disclosure of facts.</cd>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hush</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Silent; quiet.</def>
"<i>Hush</i> as death."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hush"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An usher.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hush"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The
process of washing ore, or of uncovering mineral veins, by a heavy
discharge of water from a reservoir; flushing; -- also called
<i>booming</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Husk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. for <i>hulsk</i>,
and from the same root as <i>hull</i> a husk. See <u>Hull</u> a
husk.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The external covering or envelope of
certain fruits or seeds; glume; hull; rind; in the United States,
especially applied to the covering of the ears of maize.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The supporting frame of a run of
millstones.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Husks of the prodigal son</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
pods of the carob tree. See <u>Carob</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Husk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Husked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Husking</u>.] <def>To strip off the external covering or envelope
of; as, to <i>husk</i> Indian corn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Husked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered with a husk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stripped of husks; deprived of
husks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hus"ki*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From
<u>Husky</u>.] <def>In a husky manner; dryly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hus"ki*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being husky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Roughness of sound; harshness; hoarseness;
as, <i>huskiness</i> of voice.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><! p. 715 !></p>

<p><hw>Husk"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of stripping off husks, as from Indian
corn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A meeting of neighbors or friends to
assist in husking maize; -- called also</def> <i>husking bee</i>.
[U.S.] "A red ear in the <i>husking</i>."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Husk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Husk</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Abounding with husks; consisting of
husks.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hus"ky</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prob. for <i>husty</i>;
cf. OE. <i>host</i> cough, AS. <i>hw&omacr;sta</i>; akin to D.
<i>hoest</i>, G. <i>husten</i>, OHG. <i>huosto</i>, Icel.
<i>h&omacr;sti</i>. See <u>Wheeze</u>.] <def>Rough in tone; harsh;
hoarse; raucous; as, a <i>husky</i> voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hu"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. G.
<i>hausen</i>, and E. <i>isin</i>&?;glass.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large European sturgeon (<i>Acipenser
huso</i>), inhabiting the region of the Black and Caspian Seas. It
sometimes attains a length of more than twelve feet, and a weight of
two thousand pounds. Called also <i>hausen</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The huchen, a large salmon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hus*sar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hung.
<i>husz&aacute;r</i>, from <i>husz</i> twenty, because under King
Matthais I., in the fifteenth century, every twenty houses were to
furnish one horse soldier; cf. G. <i>husar</i>, F. <i>houssard</i>,
<i>hussard</i>, from the same source.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Originally,
one of the national cavalry of Hungary and Croatia; now, one of the
light cavalry of European armies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Huss"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>A follower of John <i>Huss</i>, the Bohemian reformer, who was
adjudged a heretic and burnt alive in 1415.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hus"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr.
<i>huswife</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A housewife or
housekeeper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A worthless woman or girl; a forward
wench; a jade; -- used as a term of contempt or reproach.</def>
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pert girl; a frolicsome or sportive
young woman; -- used jocosely.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hus"sy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Icel. <i>h&?;si</i> a
case, prob. fr. <i>h&?;s</i> house. See <u>House</u>, and cf.
<u>Housewife</u> a bag, <u>Huswife</u> a bag.] <def>A case or bag.
See <u>Housewife</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hus"tings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>husting</i> an assembly, coucil, AS. <i>h&?;sting</i>; of Scand.
origin; cf. Icel. <i>h&?;s&?;ing</i>; <i>h&?;s</i> home +
<i>&?;ing</i> thing, assembly, meeting; akin to Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>ting</i>, E. <i>thing</i>. See <u>House</u>, and <u>Thing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A court formerly held in several cities of
England; specif., a court held in London, before the lord mayor,
recorder, and sheriffs, to determine certain classes of suits for the
recovery of lands within the city. In the progress of law reform this
court has become unimportant.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any one of the temporary courts held for
the election of members of the British Parliament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The platform on which candidates for
Parliament formerly stood in addressing the electors.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When the rotten <i>hustings</i> shake<BR>
In another month to his brazen lies.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hus"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hustled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hustling</u> (?).] [D. <i>hustelen</i> to shake, fr. <i>husten</i>
to shake.  Cf. <u>Hotchpotch</u>.] <def>To shake together in
confusion; to push, jostle, or crowd rudely; to handle roughly; as,
to <i>hustle</i> a person out of a room.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hus"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To push or crows;
to force one's way; to move hustily and with confusion; a
hurry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leaving the king, who had <i>hustled</i> along the
floor with his dress worfully arrayed.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hus"wife</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>huswif</i>;
<i>hus</i> house + <i>wif</i> wife.  Cf. <u>Hussy</u> a housewife,
<u>Housewife</u>.] [Written also <i>housewife</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A female housekeeper; a woman who manages
domestic affairs; a thirfty woman.</def> "The bounteous
<i>huswife</i> Nature."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>huswife</i> is she that do labor doth
fall.</blockquote> <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A worthless woman; a hussy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [See <u>Hussy</u> a bag.] <def>A case for
sewing materials. See <u>Housewife</u>.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hus"wife</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To manage with
frugality; -- said of a woman.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hus"wife*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a huswife;
capable; economical; prudent.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
a huswifely manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hus"wife*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business
of a housewife; female domestic economy and skill.</def>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hotte</i>; akin to
D. <i>hut</i>, G. <i>h&uuml;tte</i>, OHG. <i>hutta</i>, Dan.
<i>hytte</i>, Sw. <i>hydda</i>; and F. <i>hutte</i>, of G. origin;
all akin to E. <i>hide</i> to conceal. See <u>Hude</u> to conceal.]
<def>A small house, hivel, or cabin; a mean lodge or dwelling; a
slightly built or temporary structure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death comes on with equal footsteps<BR>
To the hall and <i>hut</i></blockquote>. <i>Bp. Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hutch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hutted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hutting</u>.] <def>To place in huts; to live in huts; as, to
<i>hut</i> troops in winter quarters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The troops <i>hutted</i> among the heights of
Morristown.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hutch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hucche</i>,
<i>huche</i>, <i>hoche</i>, F. <i>huche</i>, LL. <i>hutica</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chest, box, coffer, bin, coop, or the like,
in which things may be stored, or animals kept; as, a grain
<i>hutch</i>; a rabbit <i>hutch</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measure of two Winchester
bushels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The case of a flour
bolt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A car
on low wheels, in which coal is drawn in the mine and hoisted out of
the pit.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A jig for washing
ore.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bolting hutch</b></col>, <col><b>Booby hutch</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Bolting</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hutch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hutched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hutching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hoard or lay up, in a
chest.</def> [R.] "She <i>hutched</i> the . . . ore."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To wash (ore) in a box or
jig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hutch`un*so"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
follower of John <i>Hutchinson</i> of Yorkshire, England, who
believed that the Hebrew Scriptures contained a complete system of
natural science and of theology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hut*to"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
what is now called the <i>Plutonic</i> theory of the earth, first
advanced by Dr. James <i>Hutton</i>.</def>  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hux"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Huckster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Huy*ghe"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or invented by, Christian <i>Huyghens</i>, a Dutch astronomer of
the seventeenth century; as, the <i>Huyghenian</i>
telescope.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Huyghenian eyepiece</b></col><cd>See under
<u>Eyepiece</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Huzz</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [An onomatop&oelig;a.
&radic;43.  Cf. <u>Buzz</u>.] <def>To buzz; to murmur.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Huzzing and burring in the preacher's
ear.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huz*za"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>hussa</i>, <i>husa</i>, interj., hurrah, huzza. &radic;43.  Cf.
<u>Hurrah</u>.] <def>A word used as a shout of joy, exultation,
approbation, or encouragement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Huz"za</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shout of
<i>huzza</i>; a cheer; a hurrah.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They made a great <i>huzza</i> or shout.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Huz*za"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Huzzaed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Huzzaing</u>.] <def>To shout huzza; to cheer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Huz*za"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To receive or
attend with huzzas.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>huzzaed</i> into the court.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>High.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy"a*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
hyacinth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy"a*cinth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hyacinthus</i> a kind of flower, prob. the iris, gladiolus, or
larkspur, also a kind of gem, perh. the sapphire; as, a proper name,
<i>Hyacinthus</i>, a beautiful Laconian youth, beloved by Apollo, fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;: cf. F. <i>hyacinthe</i>.  Cf. <u>Jacinth</u>. The
hyacinth was fabled to have sprung from the blood of
<i>Hyacinthus</i>, who was accidentally slain by Apollo.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bulbous
plant of the genus <i>Hyacinthus</i>, bearing beautiful spikes of
fragrant flowers. <i>H. orientalis</i> is a common variety.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A plant of the genus <i>Camassia</i> (<i>C.
Farseri</i>), called also <i>Eastern camass</i>; wild hyacinth.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The name also given to <i>Scilla
Peruviana</i>, a Mediterranean plant, one variety of which produces
white, and another blue, flowers; -- called also, from a mistake as
to its origin, <i>Hyacinth of Peru</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A red variety of zircon,
sometimes used as a gem. See <u>Zircon</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hyacinth bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a climbing
leguminous plant (<i>Dolichos Lablab</i>), related to the true bean.
It has dark purple flowers and fruit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`a*cin"thi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hyacinthine.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`a*cin"thine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hyacinthinus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Belonging to the hyacinth;
resembling the hyacinth; in color like the hyacinth.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His curling locks like <i>hyacinthine</i>
flowers.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hyacinthine</i> boy, for whom<BR>
Morn well might break and April bloom.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy"a*des</hw> (?), <hw>Hy"ads</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>Hyades</i>, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A
cluster of five stars in the face of the constellation Taurus,
supposed by the ancients to indicate the coming of rainy weather when
they rose with the sun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thro' scudding drifts the rainy <i>Hyades</i><BR>
Vext the dim sea.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*&aelig;"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Hyena</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy*a"le*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
glassy, fr. <grk>"y`alos</grk> glass.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
pteropod of the genus <i>Cavolina</i>. See <u>Pteropoda</u>, and
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`a*les"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hyaline</u>.] <def>The process of becoming, or the state of being,
transparent like glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"a*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hyalinus</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. <grk>"y`alos</grk> glass: cf. F. <i>hyalin</i>.]
<def>Glassy; resembling glass; consisting of glass; transparent, like
crystal.</def> "<i>Hyaline</i> spaces."  <i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy"a*line</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
poetic term for the sea or the atmosphere.</def> "The clear
<i>hyaline</i>, the glassy sea."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our blood runs amazed 'neath the calm
<i>hyaline</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The pellucid substance,
present in cells in process of development, from which, according to
some embryologists, the cell nucleus originates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>The main
constituent of the walls of hydatid cysts; a nitrogenous body, which,
by decomposition, yields a dextrogyrate sugar, susceptible of
alcoholic fermentation.</def>  <i>Gamgee.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy"a*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"y`alos</grk> glass: cf. F. <i>hyalite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A pellucid variety of opal in globules looking like colorless
gum or resin; -- called also <i>M&uuml;ller's glass</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*al"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"y`alos</grk> glass + <i>graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for
tracing designs on glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`a*log"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Art of
writing or engraving on glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"a*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; glassy,
transparent; <grk>"y`alos</grk> glass + &?; appearance: cf. F.
<i>hyalo&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling glass;
vitriform; transparent; hyaline; as, the <i>hyaloid</i> membrane, a
very delicate membrane inclosing the vitreous humor of the
eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`a*lo*ne"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"y`alos</grk> glass + &?; a thread.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of hexactinelline sponges, having a long stem composed of very
long, slender, transparent, siliceous fibres twisted together like
the strands of a color. The stem of the Japanese species (<i>H.
Sieboldii</i>), called <i>glass-rope</i>, has long been in use as an
ornament. See <u>Glass-rope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*al"o*phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"y`alos</grk> glass + &?; to appear.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
species of the feldspar group containing barium. See
<u>Feldspar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`a*lo*spon"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>"y`alos</grk> glass + &?; a sponge.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of vitreous sponges, having glassy six-rayed, siliceous
spicules; -- called also <i>Hexactinellin&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*al"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"y`alos</grk> glass + <i>-type</i>.] <def>A photographic picture
copied from the negative on glass; a photographic transparency.</def>
<i>R. Hunt.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy*ber"na*cle</hw> (?), <hw>Hy"ber*nate</hw> (?),
<hw>Hy`ber*na"tion</hw> (?). } <def>See <u>Hibernacle</u>,
<u>Hibernate</u>, <u>Hibernation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*bl&aelig;"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Hyblaeus</i>.] <def>Pertaining to Hybla, an ancient town of
Sicily, famous for its bees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyb"o*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; hump + &?;,
&?;, a tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
resembling, an extinct genus of sharks (<i>Hybodus</i>), especially
in the form of the teeth, which consist of a principal median cone
with smaller lateral ones.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hyb"o*dus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hybodont</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct genus of sharks
having conical, compressed teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"brid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>hybrida</i>,
<i>hibrida</i>, prob. allied to Gr. &?; wantonness (as if unbridled,
lawless, unnatural), perh. akin to Gr. <grk>"ype`r</grk> over, E.
<i>over</i>: cf. F. <i>hybride</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
offspring of the union of two distinct species; an animal or plant
produced from the mixture of two species. See
<u>Mongrel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"brid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Produced from the
mixture of two species; as, plants of <i>hybrid</i> nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"brid*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being hybrid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"brid*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hybridizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*brid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hybridism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"brid*i`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of forming a hybrid, or of being subjected to a hybridizing process;
capable of producing a hybrid by union with another species or
stock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hybridizable</i> genera are rarer than is generally
supposed, even in gardens where they are so often operated upon,
under circumstances most favorable to the production of
hybrids.</blockquote> <i>J. D. Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`brid*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of hybridizing, or the state of being hybridized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"brid*i`ze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hybridized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hybridizing</u> (?).] <def>To render hybrid; to
produce by mixture of stocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"brid*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hybridizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"brid*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hybrid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyd"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
land tax. See <u>Hidage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dan*to"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, hydantoin. See
<u>Glycoluric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*dan"to*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hyd</i>rogen +
all<i>antion</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A derivative of urea,
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, obtained from
allantion, as a white, crystalline substance, with a sweetish taste;
-- called also <i>glycolyl urea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"da*tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
watery vesicle under the upper eyelid, fr. <grk>"y`dwr</grk>,
<grk>"y`datos</grk>, water: cf. F. <i>hydatide</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A membranous sac or bladder filled with a
pellucid fluid, found in various parts of the bodies of animals, but
unconnected with the tissues. It is usually formed by parasitic
worms, esp. by larval tapeworms, as Echinococcus and C&oelig;nurus.
See these words in the Vocabulary.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydatid of Morgagni</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of
the small pedunculated bodies found between the testicle and the head
of the epididymis, and supposed to be a remnant of the M&uuml;llerian
duct.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy*dat"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydatid</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Resembling a hydatid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"da*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"y`dwr</grk>, <grk>"y`datos</grk>, water + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling water; watery; aqueous;
hyaloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dr-</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Hydro-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Hydras</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Hydr&aelig;</b></plw> (#).
[L. <i>hydra</i>, Gr. <grk>"y`dra</grk>; akin to <grk>"y`dwr</grk>
water. See <u>Otter</u> the animal, <u>Water</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A serpent or monster in the lake or marsh
of Lerna, in the Peloponnesus, represented as having many heads, one
of which, when cut off, was immediately succeeded by two others,
unless the wound was cauterized. It was slain by Hercules. Hence, a
terrible monster.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gorgons, and <i>Hydras</i>, and Chimeras
dire.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A multifarious evil, or an evil
having many sources; not to be overcome by a single effort.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small fresh-water
hydroid of the genus <i>Hydra</i>, usually found attached to sticks,
stones, etc., by a basal sucker.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The body is a simple tube, having a mouth at one extremity,
surrounded by a circle of tentacles with which it captures its prey.
Young hydras bud out from the sides of the older ones, but soon
become detached and are then like their parent. Hydras are remarkable
for their power of repairing injuries; for if the body be divided in
pieces, each piece will grow into a complete hydra, to which fact the
name alludes. The zooids or hydranths of marine hydroids are
sometimes called <i>hydras</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A southern constellation
of great length lying southerly from Cancer, Leo, and
Virgo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drach"nid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydr-</i> +
ar<i>achnid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An aquatic mite of the
genus <i>Hydrachna</i>. The hydrachnids, while young, are parasitic
on fresh-water mussels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydr-</i> +
<i>acid</i>: cf. F. <i>hydracide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An acid
containing hydrogen; -- sometimes applied to distinguish acids like
hydrochloric, hydrofluoric, and the like, which contain no oxygen,
from the oxygen acids or oxacids. See <u>Acid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dra*cryl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydr-</i> +
<i>acrylic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
an isomeric variety of lactic acid that breaks down into acrylic acid
and water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`drac*tin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hydra</u>, and <u>Actinia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
species or marine hydroids, of the genus <i>Hydractinia</i> and
allied genera. These hydroids form, by their rootstalks, a firm,
chitinous coating on shells and stones, and esp. on spiral shells
occupied by hermit crabs. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Athecata</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 716 !></p>

<p><hw>||Hy*dr&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (h&isl;*dr&emacr;"m&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"y`dwr</grk> water +
<grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An abnormally watery
state of the blood; an&aelig;mia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dra*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hydragogus</i> conveying off water, Gr. &?;; <grk>"y`dwr</grk>
water + &?; to lead: cf. F. <i>hydragogue</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Causing a discharge of water; expelling serum effused into any
part of the body, as in dropsy.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
hydragogue medicine, usually a cathartic or diuretic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*dram"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydr-</i> +
<i>-amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a group of crystalline
bodies produced by the action of ammonia on certain
aldehydes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*dram"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydr</i>oxyl +
<i>amine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a series of artificial,
organic bases, usually produced as thick viscous liquids by the
action of ammonia on ethylene oxide. They have the properties both of
alcohol and amines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*dran"ge*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"y`dwr</grk> water + &?; vessel, capsule: cf. F.
<i>hydrang&eacute;e</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubby
plants bearing opposite leaves and large heads of showy flowers,
white, or of various colors. <i>H. hortensis</i>, the common garden
species, is a native of China or Japan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"drant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to irrigate,
fr. <grk>"y`dwr</grk> water. See <u>Hydra</u>.] <def>A discharge pipe
with a valve and spout at which water may be drawn from the mains of
waterworks; a water plug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dranth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydra</i> + Gr.
&?; a flower.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the nutritive zooids
of a hydroid colony. Also applied to the proboscis or manubrium of a
hydroid medusa. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Hydroidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drar"go*chlo"ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hydrarg</i>yrum + <i>chloride</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
compound of the bichloride of mercury with another chloride.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy*drar"gy*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to mercury; containing, or impregnated with,
mercury.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy*drar"gy*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A diseased condition produced by poisoning with hydrargyrum, or
mercury; mercurialism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drar"gy*rum</hw> (-r&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>hydrargyrus</i>, Gr. <grk>"ydra`rgyros</grk>;
<grk>"y`dwr</grk> water + <grk>'a`rgyros</grk> silver.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Quicksilver; mercury.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`drar*thro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hydro-</u>, 1, and <u>Arthrosis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
effusion of watery liquid into the cavity of a joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*dras"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid, found in the rootstock of the golden seal
(<i>Hydrastis Canadensis</i>), and extracted as a bitter, white,
crystalline substance. It is used as a tonic and febrifuge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dra-taint`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dipped in
the gall of the fabulous hydra; poisonous; deadly.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy"drate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"y`dwr</grk>
water: cf. F. <i>hydrate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A compound formed by the union of water with some other
substance, generally forming a neutral body, as certain crystallized
salts.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A substance which does not
contain water as such, but has its constituents (hydrogen, oxygen,
hydroxyl) so arranged that water may be eliminated; hence, a
derivative of, or compound with, hydroxyl; hydroxide; as, ethyl
<i>hydrate</i>, or common alcohol; calcium <i>hydrate</i>, or slaked
lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"drate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hydrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hydrating</u> (?).] <def>To form into a hydrate; to combine with
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dra*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed into a
hydrate; combined with water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*dra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The act of becoming, or state of being, a hydrate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Water of hydration</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>water
chemically combined with some substance to form a hydrate; --
distinguished from <i>water of crystallization</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drau"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hydraulique</i>, L. <i>hydraulicus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, a water
organ; <grk>"y`dwr</grk> water + &?; flute, pipe. See <u>Hydra</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to hydraulics, or to fluids in motion;
conveying, or acting by, water; as, an <i>hydraulic</i> clock, crane,
or dock.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydraulic accumulator</b></col>, <cd>an accumulator for
hydraulic machinery of any kind. See <u>Accumulator</u>, 2.</cd> --
<col><b>Hydraulic brake</b></col>, <cd>a cataract. See
<u>Cataract</u>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydraulic cement</b></col>, <cd>a
cement or mortar made of hydraulic lime, which will harden under
water.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydraulic elevator</b></col>, <cd>a lift
operated by the weight or pressure of water.</cd> --
<col><b>Hydraulic jack</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Jack</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hydraulic lime</b></col>, <cd>quicklime obtained from
hydraulic limestone, and used for cementing under water, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Hydraulic limestone</b></col>, <cd>a limestone which contains
some clay, and which yields a quicklime that will set, or form a
firm, strong mass, under water.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydraulic
main</b></col> <i>(Gas Works)</i>, <cd>a horizontal pipe containing
water at the bottom into which the ends of the pipes from the retorts
dip, for passing the gas through water in order to remove
ammonia.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydraulic mining</b></col>, <cd>a system of
mining in which the force of a jet of water is used to wash down a
bank of gold-bearing gravel or earth.</cd> [Pacific Coast] --
<col><b>Hydraulic press</b></col>, <cd>a hydrostatic press. See under
<u>Hydrostatic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydraulic propeller</b></col>,
<cd>a device for propelling ships by means of a stream of water
ejected under water rearward from the ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydraulic
ram</b></col>, <cd>a machine for raising water by means of the energy
of the moving water of which a portion is to be raised. When the rush
of water through the main pipe <i>d</i> shuts the valve at <i>a</i>,
the momentum of the current thus suddenly checked forces part of it
into the air chamber <i>b</i>, and up the pipe <i>c</i>, its return
being prevented by a valve at the entrance to the air chamber, while
the dropping of the valve <i>a</i> by its own weight allows another
rush through the main pipe, and so on alternately.</cd> --
<col><b>Hydraulic valve</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A valve for regulating the distribution of water in the cylinders
of hydraulic elevators, cranes, etc.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Gas
Works)</i> <cd>An inverted cup with a partition dipping into water,
for opening or closing communication between two gas mains, the open
ends of which protrude about the water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drau"lic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hydraulic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drau"li*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hydraulic</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An ancient musical instrument
played by the action of water; a water organ.</def> [Written also
<i>hydraulis</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy*drau"lics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hydraulique</i>.] <def>That branch of science, or of engineering,
which treats of fluids in motion, especially of water, its action in
rivers and canals, the works and machinery for conducting or raising
it, its use as a prime mover, and the like.</def></p>

<p>&fist; As a science, hydraulics includes hydrodynamics, or the
principles of mechanics applicable to the motion of water; as a
branch of engineering, it consists in the practical application of
the mechanics of fluids to the control and management of water with
reference to the wants of man, including canals, waterworks,
hydraulic machines, pumps, water wheels, etc. Some writers treat
hydraulics and hydrostatics as subdivisions of hydrodynamics.</p>

<p><hw>Hy"dra*zine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydr-</i> +
<i>azo-</i> + <i>-ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series
of nitrogenous bases, resembling the amines and produced by the
reduction of certain nitroso and diazo compounds; as, methyl
<i>hydrazine</i>, phenyl <i>hydrazine</i>, etc.  They are derivatives
of hydrazine proper, H<sub>2</sub>N.NH<sub>2</sub>, which is a
doubled amido group, recently (1887) isolated as a stable, colorless
gas, with a peculiar, irritating odor. As a base it forms distinct
salts. Called also <i>diamide</i>, <i>amidogen</i>, (or more properly
<i>diamidogen</i>), etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dren*ceph"s*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hydrencephal</i>us + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hydrocephaloid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A water jar; esp., one with a large rounded
body, a small neck, and three handles. Some of the most beautiful
Greek vases are of this form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dri*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, of the
water, fr. <grk>"y`dwr</grk> water.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A water
nymph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Hydrogen</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or containing, hydrogen; as,
<i>hydric</i> oxide.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydric dioxide</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Hydrogen dioxide</i>, under <u>Hydrogen</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hydric oxide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>water.</cd> --
<col><b>Hydric sulphate</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>hydrogen
sulphate or sulphuric acid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydr-</i> +
<i>ide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound of the binary type, in
which hydrogen is united with some other element.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydra</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the form or structure
of a hydra.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy*dri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hydra</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The group of hydroids to
which the fresh-water hydras belong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*dri"o*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hydriodate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hydriodide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dri*od"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydr-</i> +
<i>iodic</i>: cf. F. <i>hydriodique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, hydrogen and iodine; -- said of
an acid produced by the combination of these elements.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydriodic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a pungent,
colorless gas, HI, usually prepared as a solution in water. It is
strong reducing agent. Called also <i>hydrogen iodide</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy*dri"o*dide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A compound of hydriodic acid with a base; -- distinguished from
an <i>iodide</i>, in which only the iodine combines with the
base.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy"dro-</hw> (?), <hw>Hy"dr-</hw>. } <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A combining form from Gr. &?;, &?;, water (see
<u>Hydra</u>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form of
<i>hydrogen</i>, indicating <i>hydrogen as an ingredient</i>, as
<i>hydro</i>chloric; or a <i>reduction product obtained by
hydrogen</i>, as <i>hydro</i>quinone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*ba*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 1 + <i>barometer</i>.] <def>An instrument for determining the
depth of the sea water by its pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*bil`i*ru"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 2 + <i>bilirubin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A body
formed from bilirubin, identical with urobilin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`dro*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"y`dwr</grk> water + &?; gills.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive artificial division of
gastropod mollusks, including those that breathe by gills, as
contrasted with the Pulmonifera.</def> --
<wf>Hy`dro*bran"chi*ate</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*bro"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Hydrobromide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*bro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>,
2 + <i>bromic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Composed of hydrogen and
bromine; as, <i>hydrobromic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydrobromic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
colorless, pungent, corrosive gas, HBr, usually collected as a
solution in water. It resembles hydrochloric acid, but is weaker and
less stable. Called also <i>hydrogen bromide</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*bro"mide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A compound of hydrobromic acid with a base; -- distinguished
from a <i>bromide</i>, in which only the bromine unites with the
base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*car"bon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>,
2 + <i>carbon</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound containing only
hydrogen and carbon, as methane, benzene, etc.; also, by extension,
any of their derivatives.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydrocarbon burner</b></col>, <col><b>furnace</b></col>,
<col><b>stove</b></col>, <cd>a burner, furnace, or stove with which
liquid fuel, as petroleum, is used.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*car`bo*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
the nature, or containing, hydrocarbons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*car"bon*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon.</def>
[Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrous carbonate,
as malachite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*car`bo*sty"ril</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hydro-</i>, 2 + <i>carbostyril</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white,
crystalline, nitrogenous hydrocarbon, C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NO,
obtained from certain derivatives of cinnamic acid and closely
related to quinoline and carbostyril.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*car"bu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 2 + <i>carburet</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Carbureted hydrogen;
also, a hydrocarbon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*cau"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hydrocauli</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"y`dwr</grk>
water + &?; a stalk.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hollow stem of a
hydroid, either simple or branched. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Gymnoblastea</u> and <u>Hydroidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>"y`dwr</grk> water + &?; tumor.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A collection
of serous fluid in the areolar texture of the scrotum or in the
coverings, especially in the serous sac, investing the testicle or
the spermatic cord; dropsy of the testicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to, or connected with, hydrocephalus, or dropsy of the
brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*ceph"a*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hydrocephalus</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Resembling
hydrocephalus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydrocephaloid affection</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the
group of symptoms which follow exhausting diarrhea in young children,
resembling those of acute hydrocephalus, or tubercular
meningitis.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
hydrocephalus.</def> "<i>Hydrocephalous</i> offspring."  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*ceph"a*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; hydrocephalus; <grk>"y`dwr</grk> water + &?; head.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An accumulation of liquid within the cavity of the cranium,
especially within the ventricles of the brain; dropsy of the brain.
It is due usually to tubercular meningitis. When it occurs in
infancy, it often enlarges the head enormously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*chlo"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Hydrochloride</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*chlo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>,
2 + <i>chloric</i>: cf. F. <i>hydrochlorique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or compounded of, chlorine and hydrogen gas; as,
<i>hydrochloric</i> acid; chlorhydric.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydrochloric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>hydrogen
chloride; a colorless, corrosive gas, HCl, of pungent, suffocating
odor. It is made in great quantities in the soda process, by the
action of sulphuric acid on common salt. It has a great affinity for
water, and the commercial article is a strong solution of the gas in
water. It is a typical acid, and is an indispensable agent in
commercial and general chemical work. Called also <i>muriatic, &and;
chlorhydric, acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*chlo"ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A compound of hydrochloric acid with a base; -- distinguished
from a <i>chloride</i>, where only chlorine unites with the
base.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`dro*co*ral"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Hydra</u>, and <u>Coral</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of Hydroidea, including those genera that secrete a stony
coral, as <i>Millepora</i> and <i>Stylaster</i>. Two forms of zooids
in life project from small pores in the coral and resemble those of
other hydroids. See <u>Millepora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*cy"a*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Hydrocyanide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*cy*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>,
2 + <i>anic</i>: cf. F. <i>hydrocyanique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from the combination of, hydrogen and
cyanogen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydrocyanic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
colorless, mobile, volatile liquid, HCN, having a characteristic
peach-blossom odor. It is one of the most deadly poisons. It is made
by the action of sulphuric acid on yellow prussiate of potassium
(potassium ferrocyanide), and chemically resembles hydrochloric and
hydrobromic acids. Called also <i>prussic acid</i>, <i>hydrogen
cyanide</i>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*cy"a*nide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A compound of hydrocyanic acid with a base; -- distinguished
from a <i>cyanide</i>, in which only the cyanogen so
combines.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`dro*dy*nam"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hy`dro*dy*nam"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1 + <i>dynamic</i>, <i>-
ical</i>: cf. F. <i>hydrodynamique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or
derived from, the dynamical action of water of a liquid; of or
pertaining to water power.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydrodynamic friction</b></col>, <cd>friction produced by
the viscosity of a liquid in motion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*dy*nam"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 1 + <i>dynamics</i>: cf. F. <i>hydrodynamique</i>.] <def>That
branch of the science of mechanics which relates to fluids, or, as
usually limited, which treats of the laws of motion and action of
nonelastic fluids, whether as investigated mathematically, or by
observation and experiment; the principles of dynamics, as applied to
water and other fluids.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word is sometimes used as a general term, including
both hydrostatics and hydraulics, together with pneumatics and
acoustics. See <u>Hydraulics</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*dy`na*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hydro-</i>, 1 + <i>dynamometer</i>.] <def>An instrument to
measure the velocity of a liquid current by the force of its
impact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro-e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 1 + <i>electric</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, employed in, or
produced by, the evolution of electricity by means of a battery in
which water or steam is used.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydro-electric machine</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>an
apparatus invented by Sir William Armstrong of England for generating
electricity by the escape of high-pressure steam from a series of
jets connected with a strong boiler, in which the steam is
produced.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro-ex*tract"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 1 + <i>extractor</i>.] <def>An apparatus for drying anything,
as yarn, cloth, sugar, etc., by centrifugal force; a
centrifugal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*fer`ri*cy*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hydro-</i>, 2 + <i>ferricyanic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, or obtained from, hydrogen, ferric
iron, and cyanogen; as, <i>hydroferricyanic</i> acid. See
<u>Ferricyanic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*fer`ro*cy*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hydro-</i>, 2 + <i>ferrocyanic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, or obtained from, hydrogen,
ferrous iron, and cyanogen; as, <i>hydroferrocyanic</i> acid. See
<u>Ferrocyanic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*flu"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A supposed compound of hydrofluoris acid and a base; a
fluoride.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*flu*or"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 2 + <i>fluoric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
containing, hydrogen and fluorine; fluohydric; as,
<i>hydrofluoric</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydrofluoric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
colorless, mobile, volatile liquid, HF, very corrosive in its action,
and having a strong, pungent, suffocating odor. It is produced by the
action of sulphuric acid on fluorite, and is usually collected as a
solution in water. It attacks all silicates, as glass or porcelain,
is the agent employed in etching glass, and is preserved only in
vessels of platinum, lead, caoutchouc, or gutta-percha.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 717 !></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*flu`o*sil"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of hydrofluosilic acid; a silicofluoride.
See <u>Silicofluoride</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*flu`o*si*lic"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hydro-</i>, 2 + <i>fluo</i>rine + <i>silicic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or denoting, a compound consisting of a double
fluoride of hydrogen and silicon; silicofluoric. See
<u>Silicofluoric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*gal*van"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 1 + <i>galvanic</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, produced by, or
consisting of, electricity evolved by the action or use of fluids;
as, <i>hydrogalvanic</i> currents.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1 +
<i>-gen</i>: cf. F. <i>hydrog&egrave;ne</i>. So called because water
is generated by its combustion. See <u>Hydra</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A gaseous element, colorless, tasteless, and odorless, the
lightest known substance, being fourteen and a half times lighter
than air (hence its use in filling balloons), and over eleven
thousand times lighter than water. It is very abundant, being an
ingredient of water and of many other substances, especially those of
animal or vegetable origin. It may by produced in many ways, but is
chiefly obtained by the action of acids (as sulphuric) on metals, as
zinc, iron, etc. It is very inflammable, and is an ingredient of coal
gas and water gas. It is standard of chemical equivalents or
combining weights, and also of valence, being the typical monad.
Symbol H. Atomic weight 1.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Although a gas, hydrogen is chemically similar to the
metals in its nature, having the properties of a weak base.  It is,
in all acids, the base which is replaced by metals and basic radicals
to form salts.  Like all other gases, it is condensed by great cold
and pressure to a liquid which freezes and solidifies by its own
evaporation. It is absorbed in large quantities by certain metals
(esp. palladium), forming alloy-like compounds; hence, in view of
quasi-metallic nature, it is sometimes called <i>hydrogenium</i>. It
is the typical reducing agent, as opposed to oxidizers, as oxygen,
chlorine, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Bicarbureted hydrogen</b></col>, <cd>an old name for
ethylene.</cd> -- <col><b>Carbureted hydrogen gas</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Carbureted</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydrogen dioxide</b></col>,
<cd>a thick, colorless liquid, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, resembling
water, but having a bitter, sour taste, produced by the action of
acids on barium peroxide. It decomposes into water and oxygen, and is
manufactured in large quantities for an oxidizing and bleaching
agent. Called also <i>oxygenated water</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydrogen
oxide</b></col>, <cd>a chemical name for water, H&?;O.</cd> --
<col><b>Hydrogen sulphide</b></col>, <cd>a colorless inflammable gas,
H<sub>2</sub>S, having the characteristic odor of bad eggs, and found
in many mineral springs. It is produced by the action of acids on
metallic sulphides, and is an important chemical reagent. Called also
<i>sulphureted hydrogen</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*gen*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hydrogenated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hydrogenating</u> (?).] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To
hydrogenize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*gen*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act of combining with hydrogen, or the state
of being so combined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*gen*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A binary compound containing hydrogen; a hydride. [R.] See
<u>Hydride</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*ge"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hydrogen</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Hydrogen; -- called also in
view of its supposed metallic nature.</def>  <i>Graham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*gen*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hydrogenized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hydrogenizing</u> (?).] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To
combine with hydrogen; to treat with, or subject to the action of,
hydrogen; to reduce; -- contrasted with <i>oxidize</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to hydrogen; containing hydrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drog"no*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1
+ Gr. &?; knowledge.] <def>A treatise upon, or a history and
description of, the water of the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"drog*ode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydrog</i>en +
Gr. &?; way. path.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The negative pole or
cathode.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy*drog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in the hydrography; one who surveys, or draws maps or charts
of, the sea, lakes, or other waters, with the adjacent shores; one
who describes the sea or other waters.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`dro*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hy`dro*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to hydrography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>,
1 + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>hydrographie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art of measuring and describing the sea, lakes, rivers, and
other waters, with their phenomena.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That branch of surveying which embraces
the determination of the contour of the bottom of a harbor or other
sheet of water, the depth of soundings, the position of channels and
shoals, with the construction of charts exhibiting these
particulars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drog"u*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Hydrogen</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydride.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy"droid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydra</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Related to, or resembling, the
hydra; of or pertaining to the Hydroidea.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Hydroideas.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy*droi"de*a</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hydra</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive
order of Hydrozoa or Acaleph&aelig;.</def> [Written also
<i>Hydroida</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; This order includes the hydras and the free-swimming
hydromedus&aelig;, together with a great variety of marine attached
hydroids, many of which grow up into large, elegantly branched forms,
consisting of a vast number of zooids (hydranths, gonophores, etc.),
united by hollow stems. All the zooids of a colony are produced from
one primary zooid, by successive buddings. The Siphonophora have also
been included in this order by some writers. See <u>Gymnoblastea</u>,
<u>Hydromedusa</u>, <u>Gonosome</u>, <u>Gonotheca</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*ki*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 1 + <i>kinetic</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the motions of
fluids, or the forces which produce or affect such motions; --
opposed to <i>hydrostatic</i>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to hydrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled
in hydrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1
+ <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>hydrologie</i>.] <def>The science of water,
its properties, phenomena, and distribution over the earth's
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*lyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1
+ Gr. &?; to loose.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Tending to remove or
separate water; eliminating water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hydrolytic</i> agents, such as sulphuric acid or
caustic alkali.</blockquote> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hydrolytic ferment</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>,
<cd>a ferment, enzyme, or chemical ferment, which acts only in the
presence of water, and which causes the substance acted upon to take
up a molecule of water. Thus, diastase of malt, ptyalin of saliva,
and boiling dilute sulphuric acid all convert starch by hydration
into dextrin and sugar.  Nearly all of the digestive ferments are
hydrolytic in their action.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*mag"ne*site</hw>
(h&imacr;`dr&osl;*m&abreve;g"n&esl;*s&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hydro-</i>, 1 + <i>magnesite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous
carbonate of magnesia occurring in white, earthy, amorphous
masses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1
+ <i>-mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>hydromancie</i>.] <def>Divination by means
of water, -- practiced by the ancients.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*man"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hydromantique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to divination by
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*me*chan"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 1 + <i>mechanics</i>.] <def>That branch of physics which treats
of the mechanics of liquids, or of their laws of equilibrium and of
motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`dro*me*du"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hydromedus&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Hydra</u>, and
<u>Medusa</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any medusa or jellyfish
which is produced by budding from a hydroid. They are called also
<i>Craspedota</i>, and <i>naked-eyed medus&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Such medus&aelig; are the reproductive zooids or
gonophores, either male or female, of the hydroid from which they
arise, whether they become free or remain attached to the hydroid
colony. They in turn produce the eggs from which the hydroids are
developed. The name is also applied to other similar medus&aelig;
which are not known to bud from a hydroid colony, and even to some
which are known to develop directly from the eggs, but which in
structure agree essentially with those produced from hydroids. See
<u>Hydroidea</u>, and <u>Gymnoblastea</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>hydromel</i>,
<i>hydromeli</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; water + &?; honey: cf. F.
<i>hydromel</i>.] <def>A liquor consisting of honey diluted in water,
and after fermentation called <i>mead</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*mel*lon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cyamellone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*met`al*lur"gic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to hydrometallurgy; involving the use of liquid
reagents in the treatment or reduction of ores.</def> --
<wf>Hy`dro*met`al*lur"gic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*met"al*lur`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 1 + <i>metallurgy</i>.] <def>The art or process of assaying or
reducing ores by means of liquid reagents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*me"te*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>,
1 + <i>meteor</i>.] <def>A meteor or atmospheric phenomenon dependent
upon the vapor of water; -- in the <i>pl.</i>, a general term for the
whole aqueous phenomena of the atmosphere, as rain, snow, hail,
etc.</def>  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*me`te*or`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to hydrometeorology, or to rain, clouds,
storms, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*me`te*or*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hydro-</i>, 1 + <i>meteorology</i>.] <def>That branch of
meteorology which relates to, or treats of, water in the atmosphere,
or its phenomena, as rain, clouds, snow, hail, storms, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1
+ <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>hydrom&egrave;tre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for determining the specific
gravities of liquids, and thence the strength spirituous liquors,
saline solutions, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is usually made of glass with a graduated stem, and
indicates the specific gravity of a liquid by the depth to which it
sinks in it, the zero of the scale marking the depth to which it
sinks in pure water. Extra weights are sometimes used to adapt the
scale to liquids of different densities.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument, variously constructed, used
for measuring the velocity or discharge of water, as in rivers, from
reservoirs, etc., and called by various specific names according to
its construction or use, as <i>tachometer</i>, <i>rheometer</i>,
<i>hydrometer</i>, <i>pendulum</i>, etc.; a current gauge.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`dro*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Hy`dro*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>hydrom&egrave;trique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an hydrometer, or to the
determination of the specific gravity of fluids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to measurement of the
velocity, discharge, etc., of running water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Made by means of an hydrometer; as,
<i>hydrometric</i> observations.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydrometric pendulum</b></col>, <cd>a species of
hydrometer consisting of a hollow ball of ivory or metal suspended by
a treated from the center of a graduated quadrant, and held in a
stream to measure the velocity of the water by the inclination given
to the thread; a kind of current gauge.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*met"ro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 1 + Gr. &?; measure + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for
determining and recording the quantity of water discharged from a
pipe, orifice, etc., in a given time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hydrom&egrave;trique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of
determining the specific gravity of liquids, and thence the strength
of spirituous liquors, saline solutions, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art or operation of measuring the
velocity or discharge of running water, as in rivers, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*mi"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1
+ <i>mica</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of potash mica
containing water. It is less elastic than ordinary
muscovite.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydromica schist</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a mica
schist characterized by the presence of hydromica. It often has a
silky luster and almost soapy feel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`dro*ne*phro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., Gr.
<grk>"y`dwr</grk> water + &?; a kidney.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
accumulation of urine in the pelvis of the kidney, occasioned by
obstruction in the urinary passages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*path</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hydropathe</i>.] <def>A hydropathist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`dro*path"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hy`dro*path"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to hydropathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drop"a*thist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices hydropathy; a water-cure doctor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drop"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1
+ Gr. &?;, &?;, to suffer.] <def>The water cure; a mode of treating
diseases by the copious and frequent use of pure water, both
internally and externally.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`dro*per`i*to*ne"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Hydro-</u>, and <u>Peritoneum</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Ascites</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1
+ Gr. &?; to show, appear: cf. F. <i>hydrophane</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A semitranslucent variety of opal that becomes translucent or
transparent on immersion in water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*droph"a*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Made transparent by immersion in water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*phid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1 +
Gr. &?; a small serpent.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any sea snake of
the genus <i>Hydrophys</i> and allied genera. These snakes are
venomous, live upon fishes, and have a flattened tail for
swimming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*phlo"rone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 2 + <i>phlorone</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline
benzene derivative, C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>2</sub>,
obtained by the reduction of phlorone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*pho"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>"y`dwr</grk> water + &?; fear: cf. F. <i>hydrophobie</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An abnormal dread of water,
said to be a symptom of canine madness; hence:</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The disease caused by a bite form, or
inoculation with the saliva of, a rabid creature, of which the chief
symptoms are, a sense of dryness and construction in the throat,
causing difficulty in deglutition, and a marked heightening of reflex
excitability, producing convulsions whenever the patient attempts to
swallow, or is disturbed in any way, as by the sight or sound of
water; rabies; canine madness.</def> [Written also
<i>hydrophoby</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*phob"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hydrophobicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>hydrophobique</i>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to hydrophobia; producing or caused by rabies; as,
<i>hydrophobic</i> symptoms; the <i>hydrophobic</i> poison.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*pho`by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hydrophobia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy*droph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
E. <i>hydra</i> + Gr. &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Hydroidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"y`dwr</grk> water + &?; to bear.] <def>An instrument used for
the purpose of obtaining specimens of water from any desired depth,
as in a river, a lake, or the ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`dro*phyl"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
L. <plw><b>Hydrophyllia</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Hydrophylliums</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"y`dwr</grk>
water + &?; a leaf.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the flat,
leaflike, protective zooids, covering other zooids of certain
Siphonophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?;
plant: cf. F. <i>hydrophyte</i>.] <def>An aquatic plant; an
alga.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*droph`y*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i> + <i>phyte</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The branch of botany which
treats of water plants.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy*drop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hy*drop"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hydropicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>hydropique</i>. See <u>Dropsy</u>.] <def>Dropsical, or resembling
dropsy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every lust is a kind of <i>hydropic</i> distemper, and
the more we drink the more we shall thirst.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drop"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
hydropical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy"dro*pi`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"y`dwr</grk> water + L. <i>piper</i> a pepper.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A species (<i>Polygonum Hydropiper</i>) of knotweed with acrid
foliage; water pepper; smartweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*pneu*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 1 + <i>pneumatic</i>: cf. F. <i>hydropneumatique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or depending upon, both liquid and gaseous
substances; as, <i>hydropneumatic</i> apparatus for collecting gases
over water or other liquids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"drop`sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Dropsy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*pult</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1 +
Gr. &?; to hurl.] <def>A machine for throwing water by hand power, as
a garden engine, a fire extinguisher, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*qui"none</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>,
2 + <i>quinone</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline
substance, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>, obtained by
the reduction of quinone. It is a diacid phenol, resembling, and
metameric with, pyrocatechin and resorcin. Called also <i>dihydroxy
benzene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`dro*rhi"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Hydrorhiz&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Hydrorhizas</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. E. <i>hydra</i> + Gr.
&?; a root.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The rootstock or decumbent stem
by which a hydroid is attached to other objects. See <i>Illust.</i>
under <u>Hydroidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*salt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1
+ <i>salt</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A salt
supposed to be formed by a hydracid and a base.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An acid salt.</def> [R.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A hydrous salt; a salt combined with water of hydration or
crystallization.</def></p>

<p><! p. 718 !></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1
+ <i>-scope</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument designed to
mark the presence of water, especially in air.</def>
<i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of water clock, used anciently for
measuring time, the water tricking from an orifice at the end of a
graduated tube.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy"dro*some</hw> (?), <hw>||Hy`dro*so"ma</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>hydrosoma</i>. See <u>Hydra</u>, and
<u>-some</u> body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>All the zooids of a
hydroid colony collectively, including the nutritive and reproductive
zooids, and often other kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*sor"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>,
2 + <i>sorbic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an acid obtained from sorbic acid when this takes up
hydrogen; as, <i>hydrosorbic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*stat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contrivance
or apparatus to prevent the explosion of steam boilers.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`dro*stat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hy`dro*stat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1 + Gr. &?; causing to stand:
cf. F. <i>hydrostatique.</i> See <u>Static</u>.] <def>Of or relating
to hydrostatics; pertaining to, or in accordance with, the principles
of the equilibrium of fluids.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first discovery made in <i>hydrostatics</i> since
the time of Archimedes is due to Stevinus.</blockquote>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hydrostatic balance</b></col>, <cd>a balance for weighing
substances in water, for the purpose of ascertaining their specific
gravities.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydrostatic bed</b></col>, <cd>a water
bed.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydrostatic bellows</b></col>, <cd>an apparatus
consisting of a water-tight bellowslike case with a long, upright
tube, into which water may be poured to illustrate the hydrostatic
paradox.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydrostatic paradox</b></col>, <cd>the
proposition in hydrostatics that any quantity of water, however
small, may be made to counterbalance any weight, however great; or
the law of the equality of pressure of fluids in all directions.</cd>
-- <col><b>Hydrostatic press</b></col>, <cd>a machine in which great
force, with slow motion, is communicated to a large plunger by means
of water forced into the cylinder in which it moves, by a forcing
pump of small diameter, to which the power is applied, the principle
involved being the same as in the hydrostatic bellows. Also called
<i>hydraulic press</i>, and <i>Bramah press</i>. In the illustration,
<i>a</i> is a pump with a small plunger <i>b</i>, which forces the
water into the cylinder <i>c</i>, thus driving upward the large
plunder <i>d</i>, which performs the reduced work, such as
compressing cotton bales, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*stat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>According to hydrostatics, or to hydrostatic principles.</def>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*sta*ti"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
is versed or skilled in hydrostatics.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*stat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hydrostatique</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The branch of science
which relates to the pressure and equilibrium of nonelastic fluids,
as water, mercury, etc.; the principles of statics applied to water
and other liquids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*sul"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Hydrosulphurent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>One of a series of compounds, derived from hydrogen sulphide by
the replacement of half its hydrogen by a base or basic radical; as,
potassium <i>hydrosulphide</i>, KSH. The hydrosulphides are analogous
to the hydrates and include the mercaptans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*sul"phite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A saline compound of hydrosulphurous acid and a base.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*sul"phu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrosulphide.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*sul"phu*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Combined with hydrogen sulphide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*sul*phu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 2 + <i>sulphuric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
derived from, hydrogen and sulphur; as, <i>hydrosulphuric</i> acid, a
designation applied to the solution of hydrogen sulphide in
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*sul"phur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained
by the reduction of sulphurous acid. See <i>Hyposulphurous acid</i>,
under <u>Hyposulphurous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*tel"lu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt formed by the union of hydrotelluric acid
and the base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*tel*lu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 2 + <i>telluric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Formed by hydrogen
and tellurium; as, <i>hydrotelluric</i> acid, or hydrogen
telluride.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`dro*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Hydrothec&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Hydrothecas</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. E. <i>hydra</i> + Gr.
&?; a box.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the calicles which, in
some Hydroidea (Thecaphora), protect the hydrants. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Hydroidea</u>, and <u>Campanularian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*ther"a*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-
</i>, 1 + <i>therapy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Hydropathy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*ther"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>,
1 + <i>thermal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to hot water; -- used esp.
with reference to the action of heated waters in dissolving,
redepositing, and otherwise producing mineral changes within the
crust of the globe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*tho"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>,
1 + <i>thorax</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An accumulation of serous
fluid in the cavity of the chest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"y`dwr</grk> water: cf. Gr. &?; moisture, F. <i>hydrotique</i>.]
<def>Causing a discharge of water or phlegm.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A hydrotic
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drot"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hydrotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*trope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1
+ Gr. &?; to turn, direct.] <def>A device for raising water by the
direct action of steam; a pulsometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hydrotrope</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Turning or bending towards
moisture, as roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drot"ro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A tendency towards moisture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"drous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"y`dwr</grk>
water.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Containing water; watery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing water of
hydration or crystallization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*xan"thane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A persulphocyanate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*xan"thic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>,
2 + <i>xanthic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Persulphocyanic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 2 +
<i>oxide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrate; a substance containing
hydrogen and oxygen, made by combining water with an oxide, and
yielding water by elimination. The hydroxides are regarded as
compounds of hydroxyl, united usually with basic element or radical;
as, calcium <i>hydroxide</i> ethyl <i>hydroxide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drox"y-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form,
also used adjectively, indicating <i>hydroxyl</i> as an
ingredient.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hydroxy acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an organic
acid, having (besides the hydroxyl group of the carboxyl radical) an
alcoholic hydroxyl group, and thus having the qualities of an alcohol
in addition to its acid properties; as, lactic and tartaric acids are
<i>hydroxy</i> acids.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drox"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 2 +
<i>ox</i>ygen + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound radical,
or unsaturated group, HO, consisting of one atom of hydrogen and one
of oxygen. It is a characteristic part of the hydrates, the alcohols,
the oxygen acids, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drox`yl*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hydroxyl</i> + <i>amine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous,
organic base, NH<sub>2</sub>.OH, resembling ammonia, and produced by
a modified reduction of nitric acid. It is usually obtained as a
volatile, unstable solution in water. It acts as a strong reducing
agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`dro*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. E.
<i>hydra</i> + Gr. &?; an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Acaleph&aelig;; one of the classes of c&oelig;lenterates, including
the Hydroidea, Discophora, and Siphonophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*zo"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Hydrozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`dro*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
L. <plw><b>Hydrozoa</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Hydrozo&ouml;ns</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Hydrozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dru*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hydro-</i>, 2]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A binary compound of hydrogen; a hydride.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Hy"drus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a water serpent;
also, a certain constellation, Gr. <grk>"y`dros</grk>.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation of the southern hemisphere,
near the south pole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hye</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hie</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*e"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hyemalis</i>,
or better <i>hiemalis</i>, fr. <i>hyems</i>, <i>hiems</i>, winter:
cf. F. <i>hy&eacute;mal</i>.] <def>Belonging to winter; done in
winter.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy"e*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hiemare</i>, <i>hiematum</i>. See <u>Hyemal</u>.] <def>To pass the
winter.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`e*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hiematio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The passing of a winter in
a particular place; a wintering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of affording shelter in
winter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>hy&egrave;ne</i>.]
<def>A hyena.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*e"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hyenas</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>hyaena</i>, Gr. &?;, orig., a
sow, but usually, a Libyan wild beast, prob., the hyena, fr. &?; hog:
cf. F. <i>hy&egrave;ne</i>. See <u>Sow</u> female hog.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any carnivorous mammal of the family
<i>Hy&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>, of which three living species are known.
They are large and strong, but cowardly. They feed chiefly on
carrion, and are nocturnal in their habits.</def> [Written also
<i>hy&aelig;na</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The striped hyena (<i>Hy&aelig;na striata</i>) inhabits
Southern Asia and a large part of Africa. The brown hyena (<i>H.
brunnea</i>), and the spotted hyena (<i>Crocuta maculata</i>), are
found in Southern Africa. The extinct cave hyena (<i>H.
spel&aelig;a</i>) inhabited England and France.</p>

<p><col><b>Cave hyena</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cave</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Hyena dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South African
canine animal (<i>Lycaon venaticus</i>), which hunts in packs,
chiefly at night. It is smaller than the common wolf, with very
large, erect ears, and a bushy tail. Its color is reddish or
yellowish brown, blotched with black and white. Called also
<i>hunting dog</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; rain, from
&?; to rain.] <def>Of or pertaining to rain; descriptive of the
distribution of rain, or of rainy regions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"e*to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; rain +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>A chart or graphic representation of the average
distribution of rain over the surface of the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`e*to*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to to hyetography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`e*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The branch
of physical science which treats of the geographical distribution of
rain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*ge"ia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Hygea</i>,
<i>Hygia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, health, &?;, Hygeia, fr. &?; sound,
healthy.] <i>(Classic Myth.)</i> <def>The goddess of health, daughter
of Esculapius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*ge"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
Hygeia, the goddess of health; of or pertaining to health, or its
preservation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"ge*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in
hygiena; a hygienist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"gie*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
hygienist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"gi*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hygi&egrave;ne</i>. See <u>Hygeia</u>.] <def>That department of
sanitary science which treats of the preservation of health, esp. of
households and communities; a system of principles or rules
designated for the promotion of health.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`gi*en"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hygi&eacute;nique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to health or
hygiene; sanitary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`gi*en"ics</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science of
health; hygiene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"gi*en*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hygiene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"gi*en*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
hygiene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`gi*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; health +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>A treatise on, or the science of, the
preservation of health.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy"grine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; moist.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid associated with cocaine in coca
leaves (<i>Erythroxylon coca</i>), and extracted as a thick, yellow
oil, having a pungent taste and odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"gro*deik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wet,
moist, and &?; to show.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A form of hygrometer
having wet and dry bulb thermometers, with an adjustable index
showing directly the percentage of moisture in the air,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"gro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wet +
<i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for recording
automatically the variations of the humidity of the
atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*grol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wet +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>hygrologie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
science which treats of the fluids of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*grom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wet,
moist + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>hygrom&egrave;tre</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring the degree of
moisture of the atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Daniell's hygrometer</b></col>, <cd>a form of hygrometer
consisting of a bent glass tube terminating in two bulbs, the one
covered with muslin, the other of black glass, and containing ether
and a thermometer. Ether being poured on the muslin, the black ball,
cooled by the evaporation of the ether within, is soon covered with
dew; at this moment, the inclosed thermometer gives the dew-point,
and this, compared with the reading of one in the air, determines the
humidity.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`gro*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Hy`gro*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>hygrom&eacute;trique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to hygrometry; made with, or
according to, the hygrometer; as, <i>hygrometric</i>
observations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Readily absorbing and retaining moisture;
as, <i>hygrometric</i> substances, like potash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*grom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hygrom&eacute;trie</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>That branch of
physics which relates to the determination of the humidity of bodies,
particularly of the atmosphere, with the theory and use of the
instruments constructed for this purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*groph"a*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wet +
&?; to show.] <def>Having such a structure as to be diaphanous when
moist, and opaque when dry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`groph*thal"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wet
+ E. <i>ophthalmic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Serving to moisten the
eye; -- sometimes applied to the lachrymal ducts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"gro*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wet + &?;
form, mold.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The fluid portion of the cell
protoplasm, in opposition to <i>stereoplasm</i>, the solid or
insoluble portion. The latter is supposed to be partly nutritive and
partly composed of idioplasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"gro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wet +
<i>-scope</i>: cf. F. <i>hygroscope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
instrument which shows whether there is more or less moisture in the
atmosphere, without indicating its amount.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`gro*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hygroscopique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to,
or indicated by, the hygroscope; not readily manifest to the senses,
but capable of detection by the hygroscope; as, glass is often
covered with a film of <i>hygroscopic</i> moisture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the property of readily inbibing
moisture from the atmosphere, or of the becoming coated with a thin
film of moisture, as glass, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`gro*sco*pic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The property possessed by vegetable tissues of
absorbing or discharging moisture according to
circumstances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`gro*stat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wet +
&?;. See <u>Statics</u>.] <def>The science or art of comparing or
measuring degrees of moisture.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hyke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Haik</u>, and
<u>Huke</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy"l&aelig;*o*saur`</hw> (?),
<hw>||Hy`l&aelig;*o*sau"rus</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>hylaeosaurus</i>, fr. Gr. &?; belonging to a forest (fr. &?; wood)
+ &?; a lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A large Wealden dinosaur from
the Tilgate Forest, England. It was about twenty feet long, protected
by bony plates in the skin, and armed with spines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*lar"chi*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wood,
matter + &?;: cf. F. <i>hylarchique</i>. See <u>Archical</u>.]
<def>Presiding over matter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy"le*o*saur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hyl&aelig;osaur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
matter; material; corporeal; as, <i>hylic</i> influences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"li*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; adj.,
material, fr. &?; wood, matter.] <def>A philosopher who treats
chiefly of matter; one who adopts or teaches hylism.</def></p>

<p><! p. 719 !></p>

<p><hw>Hy"lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wood, matter.]
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>A theory which regards matter as the original
principle of evil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"lo*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; one that
walks or inhabits the woods: &?; a wood + &?; to go.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of the genus <i>Hylobates</i>; a
gibbon, or long-armed ape. See <u>Gibbon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy*lo"des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
woody, wooded, muddy; &?; a wood + &?; form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The piping frog (<i>Hyla Pickeringii</i>), a small American tree
frog, which in early spring, while breeding in swamps and ditches,
sings with high, shrill, but musical, notes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"lo*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hylotheism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"lo*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wood, matter.]
<def>Same as <u>Hylotheist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*lop"a*thism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; matter
+ &?;, &?;, to suffer.] <def>The doctrine that matter is
sentient.</def>  <i>Krauth-Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*lop"a*thist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes in hylopathism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*loph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wood +
&?; to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Eating green shoots, as certain
insects do.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"lo*the*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wood,
matter + &?; God.] <def>The doctrine of belief that matter is God, or
that there is no God except matter and the universe; pantheism. See
<u>Materialism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"lo*the*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who believes
in hylotheism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`lo*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to hylozoism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`lo*zo"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wood,
matter + &?; life, fr. &?; to live: cf. F. <i>hylozo&iuml;sme</i>.]
<def>The doctrine that matter possesses a species of life and
sensation, or that matter and life are inseparable.</def> [R.]
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`lo*zo"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in
hylozoism.</def>  <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*mar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The wild ass of Persia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; skin,
membrane.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A fold of muscous membrane often found
at the orifice of the vagina; the vaginal membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"men</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class Myth.)</i> <def>A fabulous deity;
according to some, the son of Apollo and Urania, according to others,
of Bacchus and Venus. He was the god of marriage, and presided over
nuptial solemnities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till <i>Hymen</i> brought his love-delighted hour,<BR>
There dwelt no joy in Eden's rosy bower.</blockquote>
<i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Marriage; union as if by
marriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hymen</i> of element and race.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`me*ne"al</hw> (?), <hw>Hy`me*ne"an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hymeneius</i>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, also
<i>Hymenaeus</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, Hymen, Gr. &?; the wedding
song, also &?; Hymen: cf. F. <i>hym&eacute;n&eacute;al</i>,
<i>hym&eacute;n&eacute;en</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to marriage;
as, <i>hymeneal</i> rites.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`me*ne"al</hw>, <hw>Hy`me*ne"an</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A marriage song.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hy*me"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Hymenia</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Hymeniums</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; a membrane.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The spore-bearing
surface of certain fungi, as that on the gills of a
mushroom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`me*nog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
membrane + root of &?; to be born.] <def>The production of artificial
membranes by contact of two fluids, as albumin and fat, by which the
globules of the latter are surrounded by a thin film of the
former.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`me*no*my*ce"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; a membrane + &?;, &?;, a mushroom.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>One of the great divisions of fungi, containing those species in
which the hymenium is completely exposed.</def>  <i>M. J.
Berkley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*men"o*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
membrane + &?; to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That part of a fungus
which is covered with the hymenium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`me*nop"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hym&eacute;nopt&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the Hymenoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`me*nop"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; membrane-winged; &?; skin, membrane + &?; wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive order of insects, including the
bees, ants, ichneumons, sawflies, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have four membranous wings, with few reticulations,
and usually with a thickened, dark spot on the front edge of the
anterior wings. In most of the species, the tongue, or lingua, is
converted into an organ for sucking honey, or other liquid food, and
the mandibles are adapted for biting or cutting. In one large
division (Aculeata), including the bees, wasps, and ants, the females
and workers usually have a sting, which is only a modified
ovipositor.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`me*nop"ter*al</hw> (?), <hw>Hy`me*nop"ter*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or characteristic
of, the Hymenoptera; pertaining to the Hymenoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`me*nop"ter*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Hymenoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hymn</hw> (h&ibreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>hympne</i>, <i>ympne</i>, F. <i>hymne</i>, OF. also <i>ymne</i>,
L. <i>hymnus</i>, Gr. &?;; perh. akin to &?; web, &?; to weave, and
so to E. <i>weave</i>.] <def>An ode or song of praise or adoration;
especially, a religious ode, a sacred lyric; a song of praise or
thanksgiving intended to be used in religious service; as, the
Homeric <i>hymns</i>; Watts' <i>hymns</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Admonishing one another in psalms and
<i>hymns</i>.</blockquote> <i>Col. iii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where angels first should practice <i>hymns</i>, and
string<BR>
Their tuneful harps.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hymn book</b></col>, <cd>a book containing a collection of
hymns, as for use in churches; a hymnal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hymn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hymned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hymning</u> (?).] [Cf. L. <i>hymnire</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>To praise
in song; to worship or extol by singing hymns; to sing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>hymn</i> the bright of the Lord.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their praise is <i>hymned</i> by loftier harps than
mine.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hymn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sing in praise or
adoration.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hym"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A collection of
hymns; a hymn book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hym"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hymnique</i>.] <def>Relating to hymns, or sacred lyrics.</def>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hymn"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Praising with
hymns; singing.</def> "The <i>hymning</i> choir."  <i>G.
West.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hymn"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The singing of
hymns.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hym"nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
hymns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hym"no*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; a hymn
+ &?; a song, a singing.] <def>Hymns, considered collectively;
hymnology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hym*nog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who writes on the subject of
hymns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A writer or composed of hymns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hym*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; hymn +
<i>graphy</i>.] <def>The art or act of composing hymns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hym*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A composer
or compiler of hymns; one versed in hymnology.</def>
<i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hym*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; hymn +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>hymnologie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
hymns or sacred lyrics composed by authors of a particular country or
period; as, the <i>hymnology</i> of the eighteenth century; also, the
collective body of hymns used by any particular church or religious
body; as, the Anglican <i>hymnology</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A knowledge of hymns; a treatise on
hymns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hymp"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hymn.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hynd"reste</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hinderest</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hyne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A servant. See
<u>Hine</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy"o-</hw> (?). [See <u>Hyod</u>.] <def>A prexif used in
anatomy, and generally denoting <i>connection with the hyoid bone</i>
or <i>arch</i>; as, <i>hyo</i>glossal, <i>hyo</i>mandibular,
<i>hyo</i>mental, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`o*ga*noi"de*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hyo-</u>, and <u>Canoidei</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of ganoid fishes, including the gar pikes and bowfins.</def>
-- <wf>Hy`o*ga"noid</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hy`o*glos"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hyo-</i> +
Gr. &?; tongue.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining
to or connecting the tongue and hyodean arch; as, the
<i>hyoglossal</i> membrane.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to the hyoglossus muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`o*glos"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>hyo-</i> hyo- + Gr. <grk>glw^ssa</grk> tongue.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A flat muscle on either side of the tongue, connecting it with
the hyoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fr. the letter
&UPSILON; + &?; form: cf. F. <i>hyo&iuml;de</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the form of an arch, or of the Greek letter upsilon
[&UPSILON;].</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
bony or cartilaginous arch which supports the tongue. Sometimes
applied to the tongue itself.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hyoid arch</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the arch of
cartilaginous or bony segments, which connects the base of the tongue
with either side of the skull.</cd> -- <col><b>Hyoid bone</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the bone in the base of the tongue, the middle
part of the hyoid arch.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy"oid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hyoid
bone.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy*oid"e*al</hw> (?), <hw>Hy*oid"e*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Hyoid</u>, <i>a.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`o*man*dib"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hyo-</i>
+ <i>mandibular</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining both to the
hyoidean arch and the mandible or lower jaw; as, the
<i>hyomandibular</i> bone or cartilage, a segment of the hyoid arch
which connects the lower jaw with the skull in fishes.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hyomandibular bone or
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`o*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hyo-</i> +
<i>mental</i> of the chin.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between the hyoid
bone and the lower jaw, pertaining to them; suprahyoid; submaxillary;
as, the <i>hyomental</i> region of the front of the neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`o*pas"tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hyo-</i> +
<i>plastron</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The second lateral plate
in the plastron of turtles; -- called also
<i>hyosternum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*os"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hyoscyamus</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid found with
hyoscyamine (with which it is also isomeric) in henbane, and
extracted as a white, amorphous, semisolid substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`os*cy"a*mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hyoscyamus</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid found in henbane
(<i>Hyoscyamus niger</i>), and regarded as its active principle. It
is also found with other alkaloids in the thorn apple and deadly
nightshade. It is extracted as a white crystalline substance, with a
sharp, offensive taste. <i>Hyoscyamine</i> is isomeric with atropine,
is very poisonous, and is used as a medicine for neuralgia, like
belladonna. Called also <i>hyoscyamia</i>, <i>duboisine</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`os*cy"a*mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; a sow, hog + &?; a bean.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of poisonous plants of the Nightshade family;
henbane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The leaves of the black
henbane (<i>Hyoscyamus niger</i>), used in neuralgic and pectorial
troubles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`o*ster"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hyo-</i> +
<i>ternal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Between the
hyoid bone and the sternum, or pertaining to them; infrahyoid; as,
the <i>hyosternal</i> region of the neck.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Pertaining to the hyosternum of turtles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`o*ster"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hyo-</i> +
<i>sternum</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Hyoplastron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`o*styl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hyo-</i> + Gr.
&?; a pillar.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the mandible suspended by
the hyomandibular, or upper part of the hyoid arch, as in fishes,
instead of directly articulated with the skull as in mammals; -- said
of the skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An abbreviation of
<i>hypochonaria</i>; -- usually in plural.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven send thou hast not got the
<i>hyps</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hyp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
melancholy.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy*p&aelig;"thral</hw>, <hw>Hy*pe"thral</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hypaethrus</i> in the open air,
uncovered, Gr. &?;; &?; under + &?; ether, the clear sky.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Exposed to the air; wanting a roof; -- applied to
a building or part of a building.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*pal"la*ge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
prop., interchange, exchange, fr, &?; to interchange; &?; under + &?;
to change.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A figure consisting of a transference
of attributes from their proper subjects to others. Thus Virgil says,
"<i>dare classibus austros</i>," to give the winds to the fleets,
instead of <i>dare classibus austris</i>, to give the fleets to the
winds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hypallage</i>, of which Virgil is fonder than
any other writer, is much the gravest fault in language.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hy*pan"thi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Hypanthia</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Hypanthiums</b></plw>
(#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"ypo</grk> beneath + <grk>'a`nqos</grk>
flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fruit consisting in large part of a
receptacle, enlarged below the calyx, as in the <i>Calycanthus</i>,
the rose hip, and the pear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`pa*poph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hypapophyles</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Hypo-</u>, and
<u>Apophysis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A process, or other element,
of a vertebra developed from the ventral side of the centrum, as
h&aelig;mal spines, and chevron bones.</def> --
<wf>Hy`pa*po*phys"i*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hy`par*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hypo-</i> +
<i>arterial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated below an artery;
applied esp. to the branches of the bronchi given off below the point
where the pulmonary artery crosses the bronchus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*pas"pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A shield-bearer or armor-bearer.</def>
<i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*pax"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Hypo-</i> +
<i>axial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Beneath the axis of the skeleton;
subvertebral; hyposkeletal.</def></p>

<p><hw>hype</hw> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>to
publicize [e.g. a product or a future event] insistently, in a manner
exaggerating the importance of; to promote flamboyantly.</def>
<wns>[wns=1]</wns><BR>
[WordNet 1.5]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stimulate or excite (a person); --
usually used with <i>up</i>, and often in the passive form; as, she
was all <i>hyped</i> up over her upcoming wedding.</def><BR>
[PJC]</p>

<p><hw>hype</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Intense publicity for a
future event, performed in a showy or excessively dramatic manner
suggesting an importance not justified by the event; as, the
<i>hype</i> surrounding the superbowl is usually ludicrous.</def><BR>
[PJC]</p>

<p><hw>Hy"per-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>"ype`r</grk> over, above; akin to
L. <i>super</i>, E. <i>over</i>. See <u>Over</u>, and cf. <u>Super-
</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prefix signifying <i>over</i>,
<i>above</i>; as, <i>hyper</i>physical, <i>hyper</i>thyrion; also,
<i>above measure</i>, <i>abnormally great</i>, <i>excessive</i>; as,
<i>hyper</i>&aelig;mia, <i>hyper</i>bola, <i>hyper</i>critical,
<i>hyper</i>secretion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix equivalent to
<i>super-</i> or <i>per-</i>; as <i>hyper</i>oxide, or
<i>per</i>oxide. [Obs.] See <u>Per-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`per*&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"ype`r</grk> over + <grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A superabundance or congestion of blood in an organ or part of
the body.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Active hyper&aelig;mia</b></col>, <cd>congestion due to
increased flow of blood to a part.</cd> -- <col><b>Passive
hyper&aelig;mia</b></col>, <cd>interchange due to obstruction in the
return of blood from a part.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Hy`per*&aelig;"mic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`per*&aelig;s*the"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"ype`r</grk> over + &?; sense, perception.]
<i>(Med. &amp; Physiol.)</i> <def>A state of exalted or morbidly
increased sensibility of the body, or of a part of it.</def> --
<wf>Hy`per*&aelig;s*thet"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`per*a*poph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Hyperapophyses</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Hyper-
</u>, and <u>Apophysis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A lateral and
backward-projecting process on the dorsal side of a vertebra.</def> -
- <wf>Hy`per*ap`o*phys"i*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*as"pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to cover with a shield; <grk>"ype`r</grk> over + &?; shield.]
<def>One who holds a shield over another; hence, a defender.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chillingworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*bat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an hyperbaton; transposed; inverted.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy*per"ba*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; transposed, fr. &?; to step over; <grk>"ype`r</grk> over
+ &?; to step.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A figurative construction,
changing or inverting the natural order of words or clauses; as,
"echoed the hills" for "the hills echoed."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With a violent <i>hyperbaton</i> to transpose the
text.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*per"bo*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, prop.,
an overshooting, excess, <i>i. e.</i>, of the angle which the cutting
plane makes with the base. See <u>Hyperbole</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>A curve formed by a section of a cone, when the cutting plane
makes a greater angle with the base than the side of the cone makes.
It is a plane curve such that the difference of the distances from
any point of it to two fixed points, called <i>foci</i>, is equal to
a given distance. See <u>Focus</u>. If the cutting plane be produced
so as to cut the opposite cone, another curve will be formed, which
is also an hyperbola. Both curves are regarded as branches of the
same hyperbola. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Conic section</i>, and
<u>Focus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*per"bo*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr&?;,
prop., an overshooting, excess, fr. Gr. &?; to throw over or beyond;
<grk>"ype`r</grk> over + &?; to throw. See <u>Hyper-</u>,
<u>Parable</u>, and cf. <u>Hyperbola</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
figure of speech in which the expression is an evident exaggeration
of the meaning intended to be conveyed, or by which things are
represented as much greater or less, better or worse, than they
really are; a statement exaggerated fancifully, through excitement,
or for effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our common forms of compliment are almost all of them
extravagant <i>hyperboles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Somebody has said of the boldest figure in rhetoric,
the <i>hyperbole</i>, that it lies without deceiving.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`per*bol"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hy`per*bol"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hyperbolicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>hyperbolique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Belonging to the hyperbola; having the nature of the
hyperbola.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Relating to, containing, or
of the nature of, hyperbole; exaggerating or diminishing beyond the
fact; exceeding the truth; as, an <i>hyperbolical</i>
expression.</def> "This <i>hyperbolical</i> epitaph."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hyperbolic functions</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>certain
functions which have relations to the hyperbola corresponding to
those which sines, cosines, tangents, etc., have to the circle; and
hence, called <i>hyperbolic sines</i>, <i>hyperbolic cosines</i>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Hyperbolic logarithm</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Logarithm</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hyperbolic spiral</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a spiral curve, the law of which is, that the
distance from the pole to the generating point varies inversely as
the angle swept over by the radius vector.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 720 !></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*bol"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>In the form of an
hyperbola.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>With exaggeration; in a
manner to express more or less than the truth.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*bol"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hyperbola</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form, or nearly
the form, of an hyperbola.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*per"bo*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hyperbolisme</i>.] <def>The use of hyperbole.</def>
<i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*per"bo*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
uses hyperboles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*per"bo*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hyperbolized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hyperbolizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>hyperboliser</i>.]
<def>To speak or write with exaggeration.</def>  <i>Bp.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*per"bo*lize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To state or
represent hyperbolically.</def>  <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*per"bo*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hyperbola</i> + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>hyperbolo&iuml;de</i>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A surface of the second order, which is cut by
certain planes in hyperbolas; also, the solid, bounded in part by
such a surface.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hyperboloid of revolution</b></col>, <cd>an hyperboloid
described by an hyperbola revolving about one of its axes. The
surface has two separate sheets when the axis of revolution is the
transverse axis, but only one when the axis of revolution is the
conjugate axis of the hyperbola.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy*per"bo*loid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>Having some property that belongs to an hyperboloid or
hyperbola.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*bo"re*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hyperboreus</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>"ype`r</grk> over, beyond + &?;.
See <u>Boreas</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Greek Myth.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the region beyond the North wind, or to its
inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Northern; belonging to, or inhabiting, a
region in very far north; most northern; hence, very cold; fright,
as, a <i>hyperborean</i> coast or atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hyperborean</i> or frozen sea.</blockquote>
<i>C. Butler (1633).</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*bo"re*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Greek Myth.)</i> <def>One of the people who lived beyond the
North wind, in a land of perpetual sunshine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant of the most northern
regions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*car"bu*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having an excessive proportion of carbonic acid;
-- said of bicarbonates or acid carbonates.</def> [Written also
<i>hypercarburetted</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*cat`a*lec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hypercatalecticus</i>, <i>hypercatalectus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>hypercatalectique</i>. See <u>Hyper-</u>, and <u>Catalectic</u>.]
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Having a syllable or two beyond measure; as, a
<i>hypercatalectic</i> verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*chlo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Perchloric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*chro"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition of having an unusual intensity of color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*crit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hyper-
</i> + <i>critic</i>: cf. F. <i>hypercritique</i>.] <def>One who is
critical beyond measure or reason; a carping critic; a captious
censor.</def> "<i>Hypercritics</i> in English poetry."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*crit"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hypercritical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*crit"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Over critical; unreasonably or unjustly
critical; carping; captious.</def> "<i>Hypercritical</i> readers."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessively nice or exact.</def>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*crit"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
hypercritical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*crit"i*cise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
criticise with unjust severity; to criticise captiously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*crit"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Excessive criticism, or unjust severity or rigor of criticism;
zoilism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*di*crot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Excessive dicrotic; as, a <i>hyperdicrotic</i>
pulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*di"cro*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A hyperdicrotic condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*di"cro*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Hyperdicrotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`per*du*li"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>hyper-</i> + <i>dulia</i>: cf. F. <i>hyperdulie</i>.] <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <def>Veneration or worship given to the Virgin Mary as the
most exalted of mere creatures; higher veneration than dulia.</def>
<i>Addis &amp; Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy"per*du`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hyperdulia.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*es*the"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hyper&aelig;sthesia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy*per"i*cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;; &?; under, among + &?;, &?;, heath, heather.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of plants, generally with dotted leaves and yellow
flowers; -- called also <i>St. John's-wort</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`per*i*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"ype`r</grk> over + &?;, &?;, strength, fiber.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A condition of the blood, characterized by an abnormally large
amount of fibrin, as in many inflammatory diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*pe"ri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Class Myth.)</i> <def>The god of the sun; in the later mythology
identified with Apollo, and distinguished for his beauty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So excellent a king; that was, to this,<BR>
<i>Hyperion</i> to a satyr.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`per*ki*ne"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"ype`r</grk> over + &?; motion.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Abnormally increased muscular movement; spasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*ki*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to hyperkinesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*met`a*mor"pho*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hyper-</i> + <i>metamorphosis</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
kind of metamorphosis, in certain insects, in which the larva itself
undergoes remarkable changes of form and structure during its
growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*per"me*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; beyond
all measure; <grk>"ype`r</grk> over, beyond + &?; measure: cf. F.
<i>hyperm&egrave;tre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A
verse which has a redundant syllable or foot; a hypercatalectic
verse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, anything exceeding the ordinary
standard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a man rises beyond six foot, he is an
<i>hypermeter</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
redundant syllable; exceeding the common measure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hypermetrical verse</b></col> <i>(Gr. &amp; Lat. Pros.)</i>,
<cd>a verse which contains a syllable more than the ordinary
measure.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Hy`per*me*tro"pi*a</hw> (?), <hw>Hy`per*met"ro*py</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>hypermetropia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;
excessive + &?;, &?;, the eye. See <u>Hypermeter</u>.] <def>A
condition of the eye in which, through shortness of the eyeball or
fault of the refractive media, the rays of light come to a focus
behind the retina; farsightedness; -- called also <i>hyperopia</i>.
Cf. <u>Emmetropia</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In <i>hypermetropia</i>, vision for distant objects,
although not better absolutely, is better than that for near objects,
and hence, the individual is said to be farsighted. It is corrected
by the use of convex glasses.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Hy`per*me*trop"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`per*myr`i*o*ra"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; beyond + &?; countless + &?; view.] <def>A show or
exhibition having a great number of scenes or views.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`per*o*ar"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of marsipobranchs including the
lampreys. The suckerlike moth contains numerous teeth; the nasal
opening is in the middle of the head above, but it does not connect
with the mouth. See <u>Cyclostoma</u>, and <u>Lamprey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`per*o"pi*a</hw>
(h&imacr;`p&etilde;r*&omacr;"p&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"ype`r</grk> over + <grk>'w`ps</grk>,
<grk>'wpo`s</grk>, the eye.] <def>Hypermetropia.</def> --
<wf>Hy`per*op"tic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*or*gan"ic</hw> (-&ocirc;r*g&abreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hyper-</i> + <i>organic</i>.]
<def>Higher than, or beyond the sphere of, the organic.</def>  <i>Sir
W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*or"tho*dox`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Orthodoxy pushed to excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`per*o*tre"ta</hw>
(h&imacr;`p&etilde;r*&osl;*tr&emacr;"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"yperw`,n</grk> the palate +
<grk>trhto`s</grk> perforated.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
marsipobranchs, including the Myxine or hagfish and the genus
<i>Bdellostoma</i>. They have barbels around the mouth, one tooth on
the palate, and a communication between the nasal aperture and the
throat. See <u>Hagfish</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>Hyperotreti</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*ox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A compound having a relatively large percentage of oxygen; a
peroxide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`per*ox"y*gen*a`ted</hw> (?),
<hw>Hy`per*ox"y*gen*ized</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Combined with a relatively large amount of
oxygen; -- said of higher oxides.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*ox`y*mu"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A perchlorate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*ox`y*mu`ri*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Perchloric; as, <i>hyperoxymuriatic</i>
acid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*phys"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Above or
transcending physical laws; supernatural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who do not fly to some <i>hyperphysical</i>
hypothesis.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`per*pla"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"ype`r</grk> over + &?; conformation, fr. &?; to mold.] <i>(Med.
& Biol.)</i> <def>An increase in, or excessive growth of, the normal
elements of any part.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Hyperplasia</i> relates to the formation of new
elements, <i>hypertrophy</i> being an increase in bulk of preexisting
normal elements.  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to hyperplasia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Tending to excess of
formative action.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`perp*n&oelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"ype`r</grk> over + &?;, &?;, breath.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Abnormal breathing, due to slightly deficient arterialization of
the blood; -- in distinction from <i>eupn&oelig;a</i>. See
<u>Eupn&oelig;a</u>, and <u>Dispn&oelig;a</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`per*py*rex"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hyper-</u>, and <u>Pyrexia</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition of
excessive fever; an elevation of temperature in a disease, in excess
of the limit usually observed in that disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*se*cre"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Morbid or excessive secretion, as in
catarrh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*sen`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hyper&aelig;sthesia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"per*space</hw> (-sp&amacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>hyper-</i> + <i>space</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>An imagined space
having more than three dimensions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"per*sthene</hw> (h&imacr;"p&etilde;r*sth&emacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"ype`r</grk> over + <grk>sqe`nos</grk>
strength: cf. F. <i>hyperst&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An
orthorhombic mineral of the pyroxene group, of a grayish or greenish
black color, often with a peculiar bronzelike luster (schiller) on
the cleavage surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*sthen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Composed of, or containing, hypersthene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`per*thet"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>"ype`r</grk> over + <grk>tiqe`nai</grk> to place.]
<def>Exaggerated; excessive; hyperbolical.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hyperthetical</i> or superlative . . .
expression.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`per*thyr"i*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;; <grk>"ype`r</grk> over + &?; door.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>That
part of the architrave which is over a door or window.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`per*troph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hy`per*troph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>hypertrophique</i>.] <i>(Med. &
Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to hypertrophy; affected with, or
tending to, hypertrophy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*per"tro*phied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med. &
Biol.)</i> <def>Excessively developed; characterized by
hypertrophy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*per"tro*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"ype`r</grk> over, beyond + &?; nourishment, fr. &?; to nourish:
cf. F. <i>hypertrophie</i>.] <i>(Med. &amp; Biol.)</i> <def>A condition
of overgrowth or excessive development of an organ or part; -- the
opposite of <i>atrophy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy"ph&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"yfh`</grk> a web.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The long, branching
filaments of which the mycelium (and the greater part of the plant)
of a fungus is formed.  They are also found enveloping the gonidia of
lichens, making up a large part of their structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"phen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; under one, into one, together, fr. &?; under + &?;, neut. of &?;
one. See <u>Hypo-</u>.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A mark or short dash,
thus [-], placed at the end of a line which terminates with a
syllable of a word, the remainder of which is carried to the next
line; or between the parts of many a compound word; as in <i>fine-
leaved</i>, <i>clear-headed</i>. It is also sometimes used to
separate the syllables of words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"phen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hyphened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hyphening</u>.] <def>To connect with, or separate by, a hyphen, as
two words or the parts of a word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"phen*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>United by
hyphens; hyphened; as, a <i>hyphenated</i> or hyphened
word.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`pho*my*ce"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; a web + &?;, &?;, a mushroom.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of
the great division of fungi, containing those species which have
naked spores borne on free or only fasciculate threads.</def>  <i>M.
J. Berkley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*pid`i*o*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>hypo-</i> + <i>idiomorphic</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Partly
idiomorphic; -- said of rock a portion only of whose constituents
have a distinct crystalline form.</def> --
<wf>Hy*pid`i*o*mor"phic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Hyp`i*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; under + &?;, &?; strength, fiber.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
diminution in the normal amount of fibrin present in the
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`na*gog"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sleep +
&?; a carrying away.] <def>Leading to sleep; -- applied to the
illusions of one who is half asleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp"no*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Gr. &?;
sleep + &?; to go.] <def>A somnambulist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hyp"no*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sleep + E.
<i>cyst</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A cyst in which some unicellular
organisms temporarily inclose themselves, from which they emerge
unchanged, after a period of drought or deficiency of food. In some
instances, a process of spore formation seems to occur within such
cysts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`no*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sleep +
root of &?; to be born.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Relating to the
production of hypnotic sleep; as, the so-called <i>hypnogenic</i>
pressure points, pressure upon which is said to cause an attack of
hypnotic sleep.</def>  <i>De Watteville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hyp*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in hypnology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sleep +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>A treatise on sleep; the doctrine of
sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hyp*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
sleep.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Supervention of sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp*not"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; inclined to
sleep, putting to sleep, fr. &?; to lull to sleep, fr. &?; sleep;
akin to L. <i>somnus</i>, and E. <i>somnolent</i>: cf. F.
<i>hypnotique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality of
producing sleep; tending to produce sleep; soporific.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to hypnotism; in a state
of hypnotism; liable to hypnotism; as, a <i>hypnotic</i>
condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp*not"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any agent that produces, or tends to produce, sleep; an opiate;
a soporific; a narcotic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who exhibits the phenomena of, or
is subject to, hypnotism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp"no*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sleep: cf.
F. <i>hypnotisme</i>.] <def>A form of sleep or somnambulism brought
on by artificial means, in which there is an unusual suspension of
some powers, and an unusual activity of others. It is induced by an
action upon the nerves, through the medium of the senses, as in
persons of very feeble organization, by gazing steadly at a very
bright object held before the eyes, or by pressure upon certain
points of the surface of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`no*ti*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of producing hypnotism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp"no*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hypnotized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hypnotizing</u> (?).] <def>To induce hypnotism in; to
place in a state of hypnotism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp"no*ti`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hypnotizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hyp"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
moss.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The largest genus of true mosses; feather
moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"po-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; under, beneath; akin to L.
<i>sub</i>. See <u>Sub-</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prefix
signifying a <i>less quantity</i>, or a <i>low state</i> or
<i>degree</i>, of that denoted by the word with which it is joined,
or position <i>under</i> or <i>beneath</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix denoting that the
element to the name of which it is prefixed enters with a <i>low
valence</i>, or in a <i>low state of oxidization</i>, usually the
<i>lowest</i>, into the compounds indicated; as,
<i>hypo</i>sulphurous acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"po</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hypochondria.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy"po</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from
<i>hyposulphite</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Sodium hyposulphite, or
thiosulphate, a solution of which is used as a bath to wash out the
unchanged silver salts in a picture.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*a"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a hypoarion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`po*a"ri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hypoaria</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"ypo`</grk>
beneath + &?; a little egg.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An oval lobe beneath
each of the optic lobes in many fishes; one of the inferior
lobes.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy"po*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-</i>
+ <i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The inner or lower layer of the
blastoderm; -- called also <i>endoderm</i>, <i>entoderm</i>, and
sometimes <i>hypoderm</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Blastoderm</u>,
<u>Delamination</u>, and <u>Ectoderm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*blas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Relating to, or connected with, the hypoblast; as, the
<i>hypoic</i> sac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*pob"o*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a throwing
under, a suggesting; &?; under + &?; to throw.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
figure in which several things are mentioned that seem to make
against the argument, or in favor of the opposite side, each of them
being refuted in order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*bran"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>hypo-</i> + <i>branchial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
the segment between the basibranchial and the ceratobranchial in a
branchial arch.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hypobranchial
bone or cartilage.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy"po*carp</hw> (?), <hw>||Hy`po*car"pi*um</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>hypocarpium</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>"ypo`</grk> beneath + &?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fleshy
enlargement of the receptacle, or for the stem, below the proper
fruit, as in the cashew. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Cashew</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 721 !></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*car`po*ge"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>hypo-</i> + Gr. &?; fruit + &?; earth.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Producing fruit below the ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp"o*caust</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>hypocaustum</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; under + &?; to burn: cf. F.
<i>hypocauste</i>.] <i>(Anc. Arch.)</i> <def>A furnace, esp. one
connected with a series of small chambers and flues of tiles or other
masonry through which the heat of a fire was distributed to rooms
above. This contrivance, first used in bath, was afterwards adopted
in private houses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*chlo"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of hypochlorous acid; as, a calcium
<i>hypochloride</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*chlo"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-
</i> + <i>chlorous</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
derived from, chlorine having a valence lower than in chlorous
compounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hypochlorous acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an acid
derived from chlorine, not known in a pure state, but forming various
salts, called hypochlorites.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*chon"dres</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hypocondres</i>, formerly spely <i>hypochondres</i>.] <def>The
hypochondriac regions. See <u>Hypochondrium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*chon"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hypochondriasis; melancholy; the blues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*chon"dri*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
affocated in the hypochondrium: cf. F. <i>hypocondriaque</i>,
formerly spelt <i>hypochondriaque</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to hypochondria, or the hypochondriac regions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected, characterized, or produced, by
hypochondriasis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hypochondriac region</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a
region on either side of the abdomen beneath the cartilages of the
false ribs, beside the epigastric, and above the lumbar,
region.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*chon"dri*ac</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
affected with hypochondriasis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had become an incurable
<i>hypochondriac</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*chon"dri*a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Hypochondriac</u>, 2.</def> --
<wf>Hy`po*chon"dri*a*cal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*chon"dri*a*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hypochondriasis.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*chon"dri*a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So
named because supposed to have its seat in the hypochondriac regions.
See <u>Hypochondriac</u>, <u>Hypochondrium</u>, and cf. <u>Hyp</u>,
1st <u>Hypo</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A mental disorder in which
melancholy and gloomy views torment the affected person, particularly
concerning his own health.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*chon"dri*asm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hypochondriasis.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Hy`po*chon"dri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
L. <plw><b>Hypochondria</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Hypochondriums</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, from &?;
under the cartilage of the breastbone; &?; under + &?; cartilage.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Either of the hypochondriac regions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*chon"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hypochondriasis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp"o*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a plant
growing on the roots of the <i>Cistus</i>.] <def>An astringent
inspissated juice obtained from the fruit of a plant (<i>Cytinus
hypocistis</i>), growing from the roots of the <i>Cistus</i>, a small
European shrub.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`po*clei"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
L. <plw><b>Hypocleida</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Hypocleidiums</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; under + &?; a
little key.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A median process on the furculum, or
merrythought, of many birds, where it is connected with the
sternum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`o*co*ris"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
under + &?; to caress.] <def>Endearing; diminutive; as, the
<i>hypocoristic</i> form of a name.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hypocoristic</i> or pet form of
William.</blockquote> <i>Dr. Murray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`o*cra*ter"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>hypo-</i> + <grk>krath`r</grk> cup + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>hypocraterimorphous; salver-shaped.</def>  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`o*cra*ter`i*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>hypo-</i> + Gr. <grk>krath`r</grk> bowl + <grk>morfh`</grk>
form.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Salver-shaped; having a slender tube,
expanding suddenly above into a bowl-shaped or spreading border, as
in the blossom of the phlox and the lilac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*poc"ri*sy</hw> (h&ibreve;*p&obreve;k"r&ibreve;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Hypocrisies</b></plw> (-
s&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>hypocrisie</i>, <i>ypocrisie</i>, OF.
<i>hypocrisie</i>, <i>ypocrisie</i>, F. <i>hypocrisie</i>, L.
<i>hypocrisis</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>"ypo`krisis</grk> the playing a part
on the stage, simulation, outward show, fr. <grk>"ypokr`nesqai</grk>
to answer on the stage, to play a part; <grk>"ypo`</grk> under +
<grk>kri`nein</grk> to decide; in the middle voice, to dispute,
contend. See <u>Hypo-</u>, and <u>Critic</u>.] <def>The act or
practice of a hypocrite; a feigning to be what one is not, or to feel
what one does not feel; a dissimulation, or a concealment of one's
real character, disposition, or motives; especially, the assuming of
false appearance of virtue or religion; a simulation of
goodness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hypocrisy</i> is the necessary burden of
villainy.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hypocrisy</i> is the homage vice pays to
virtue.</blockquote> <i>La Rochefoucauld (Trans. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>Hyp"o*crite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>hypocrita</i>, Gr. &?; one who plays a part on the stage, a
dissembler, feigner. See <u>Hypocrisy</u>.] <def>One who plays a
part; especially, one who, for the purpose of winning approbation of
favor, puts on a fair outside seeming; one who feigns to be other and
better than he is; a false pretender to virtue or piety; one who
simulates virtue or piety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>hypocrite's</i> hope shall perish.</blockquote>
<i>Job viii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I dare swear he is no <i>hypocrite</i>, but prays from
his heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deceiver; pretender; cheat. See
<u>Dissembler</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Hyp"o*crite*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Hypocritically.</def> [R.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`o*crit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hypocritical</u>.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`o*crit"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf.
F. <i>hypocritique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a hypocrite, or to
hypocrisy; as, a <i>hypocritical</i>person; a <i>hypocritical</i>
look; a <i>hypocritical</i> action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hypocritical</i> professions of friendship and of
pacific intentions were not spared.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Hyp`o*crit"ic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`o*crys"tal*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>hypo-</i> + <i>crystalline</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Partly
crystalline; -- said of rock which consists of crystals imbedded in a
glassy ground mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*cy"cloid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-
</i> + <i>cycloid</i>: cf. F. <i>hypocyclo&iuml;de</i>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A curve traced by a point in the circumference of
a circle which rolls on the concave side in the fixed circle.  Cf.
<u>Epicycloid</u>, and <u>Trochoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hyp`o*dac"ty*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-tyla</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"ypo`</grk> beneath +
&?; a finger, toe.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The under side of the
toes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp"o*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-</i>
+ <i>-derm</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hypoblast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hyp`o*der"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hypo</u>, and <u>derma</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A layer of tissue beneath the epidermis in plants, and
performing the physiological function of strengthening the epidermal
tissue. In phanerogamous plants it is developed as
<i>collenchyma</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An inner cellular
layer which lies beneath the chitinous cuticle of arthropods,
annelids, and some other invertebrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`o*der*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Hypodermic.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Hyp`o*der*mat"ic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`o*der"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hypoderma</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the parts under the
skin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hypodermic medication</b></col>, <cd>the application of
remedies under the epidermis, usually by means of a small syringe,
called the hypodermic syringe.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Hyp`o*der"mic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Hyp`o*der"mis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hypo-</u>, and <u>Derma</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Hypoblast</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hypoderma</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hyp`o*di*crot"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hyp`o*di"cro*tous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Exhibiting retarded
dicrotism; as, a <i>hypodicrotic</i> pulse curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`o*g&aelig;"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>hypo-</i> + Gr. <grk>gai^a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, earth.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, the peanut, or
earthnut (<i>Arachis hypog&aelig;a</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hypog&aelig;ic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an acid
in the oil of the earthnut, in which it exists as a glyceride, and
from which it is extracted as a white, crystalline
substance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`o*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>hypogastrique</i>. See <u>Hypogastrium</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the hypogastrium or the hypogastric
region.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hypogastric region</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
lower part of the abdomen.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An arbitrary
division of the abdomen below the umbilical and between the two iliac
regions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Hyp`o*gas"tri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;; &?; under + &?; belly.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The lower part
of the abdomen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`o*ge"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; earth.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Hypogeous.</def> [Written also
<i>hypog&aelig;an</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hyp"o*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-</i>
+ the root of Gr. &?; to be born: cf. F. <i>hypog&egrave;ne</i>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Formed or crystallized at depths beneath the
earth's surface; -- said of granite, gneiss, and other rocks, whose
crystallization is believed of have taken place beneath a great
thickness of overlying rocks. Opposed to <i>epigene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`o*ge"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hypogean</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing under ground; remaining
under ground; ripening its fruit under ground.</def> [Written also
<i>hypog&aelig;ous</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Hyp`o*ge"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hypogea</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, subterranean;
&?; under + &?;, &?;, the earth.] <i>(Anc. Arch.)</i> <def>The
subterraneous portion of a building, as in amphitheaters, for the
service of the games; also, subterranean galleries, as the
catacombs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`o*glos"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-
</i> + Gr. &?; the tongue.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Under the tongue; --
applied esp., in the higher vertebrates, to the twelfth or last pair
of cranial nerves, which are distributed to the base of the
tongue.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the hypoglossal
nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*pog"na*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-
</i> + Gr. &?; the jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the maxilla,
or lower jaw, longer than the upper, as in the skimmer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp"o*gyn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
hypogynous plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*pog"y*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-
</i> + Gr. &?; woman, female: cf. F. <i>hypogyne</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Inserted below the pistil or pistils; -- said of sepals, petals,
and stamens; having the sepals, petals, and stamens inserted below
the pistil; -- said of a flower or a plant.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*hy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-</i>
+ Greek letter &?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to one or more
small elements in the hyoidean arch of fishes, between the caratohyal
and urohyal.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the hypohyal
bones or cartilages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*nas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-
</i> + Gr. &?; pressed close.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Exhibiting a
downward convexity caused by unequal growth.  Cf.
<u>Epinastic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*nas"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Downward convexity, or convexity of the inferior
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*ni"trite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of hyponitrous acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*ni"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-
</i> + <i>nitrous</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing or derived
from nitrogen having a lower valence than in nitrous
compounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hyponitrous acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an unstable
nitrogen acid, NOH, whose salts are produced by reduction of the
nitrates, although the acid itself is not isolated in the free state
except as a solution in water; -- called also <i>nitrosylic
acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`po*phar"ynx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hypo-</u>, and <u>Pharynx</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
appendage or fold on the lower side of the pharynx, in certain
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*phos"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of hypophosphoric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*phos"phite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of hypophosphorous acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*phos*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>hypo-</i> + <i>phosphoric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or derived from, or containing, phosphorus in a lower state of
oxidation than in phosphoric compounds; as, <i>hypophosphoric</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hypophosphoric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an acid,
P<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, produced by the slow
oxidation of moist phosphorus, and isolated only as a solution in
water. It is regarded as a condensation product of one molecule of
phosphoric acid with one of phosphorous acid, by partial
dehydration.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*phos"phor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>hypo-</i> + <i>phosphorous</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, or containing, phosphorus in a lower state of oxidation than in
phosphoric compounds; as, <i>hypophosphorous</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hypophosphorous acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>, an
acid, H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>2</sub>, whose salts are produced by the
action of barium hygrate on phosphorus. It may be obtained from its
water solution, by exaporation and freezing, as a white crystalline
substance. It is a powerful reducing agent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy*poph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-
</i> + Gr. &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Being or growing on the
under side of a leaf, as the fruit dots of ferns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*phys"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the hypophysis; pituitary.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy*poph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; under + &?; nature, origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>See <i>Pituitary body</i>, under <u>Pituitary</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Cataract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*plas"tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hypoplastra</b></plw> (#). [Pref. <i>hypo-</i> +
<i>plastron</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The third lateral plate in the
plastron of turtles; -- called also <i>hyposternum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy*pop"ti*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Hypoptila</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Hypoptilums</b></plw>
(#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"ypo`</grk> beneath + &?; down.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An accessory plume arising from the
posterior side of the stem of the contour feathers of many birds; --
called also <i>aftershaft</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Feather</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`po*ra"di*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hyporadii</b></plw> (#). [Pref. <i>hypo-</i> +
<i>radius</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the barbs of the
hypoptilum, or aftershaft of a feather. See <u>Feather</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`po*rha"chis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hyporhachides</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"ypo`</grk>
beneath + &?; spine.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The stem of an
aftershaft or hypoptilum.</def> [Written also <i>hyporachis</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*skel"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>hypo-</i> + <i>skeletal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Beneath the
endoskeleton; hypaxial; as, the <i>hyposkeletal</i> muscles; --
opposed to <i>episkeletal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`po*spa"di*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"ypo`</grk> beneath + <grk>spa`n</grk> to draw, tear.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A deformity of the penis, in which the urethra
opens upon its under surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*pos"ta*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hypostases</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?; subsistence,
substance, fr. &?; to stand under; &?; under + &?; to stand, middle
voice of &?; to cause to stand. See <u>Hypo-</u>, and <u>Stand</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which forms the basis of anything;
underlying principle; a concept or mental entity conceived or treated
as an existing being or thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Substance; subsistence;
essence; person; personality; -- used by the early theologians to
denote any one of the three subdivisions of the Godhead, the Father,
Son, and Holy Spirit.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Council of Alexandria (<u>a. d.</u> 362) defined
<i>hypostasis</i> as synonymous with <i>person</i>. <i>Schaff-
Herzog.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Principle; an element; -- used by the
alchemists in speaking of salt, sulphur, and mercury, which they
considered as the three principles of all material bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>That which is deposited at
the bottom of a fluid; sediment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*pos"ta*size</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
into a distinct substance; to conceive or treat as an existing being;
to hypostatize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The pressed Newtonians . . . refused to
<i>hypostasize</i> the law of gravitation into an ether.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`po*stat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hy`po*stat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>hypostatique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to hypostasis, or substance; hence,
constitutive, or elementary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The grand doctrine of the chymists, touching their
three <i>hypostatical</i> principles.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Personal, or distinctly personal; relating
to the divine hypostases, or substances.</def>  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Depending upon, or due to,
deposition or setting; as, <i>hypostatic</i> cognestion, cognestion
due to setting of blood by gravitation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hypostatic union</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>the union
of the divine with the human nature of Christ.</cd>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*stat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
hypostatic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*pos"ta*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make into, or regarded as, a separate and
distinct substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Looked upon both species and genera as
<i>hypostatized</i> universals.</blockquote> <i>Pop. Sci.
Monthly.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attribute actual or personal existence
to.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`po*ster"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Hyposterna</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Hyposternums</b></plw>
(#). [Pref. <i>hypo-</i> + <i>sternum</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Hypoplastron</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy"po*stome</hw> (?), <hw>||Hy*pos"to*ma</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>hypostoma</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>"ypo`</grk>
beneath + &?; mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lower lip of
trilobites, crustaceans, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*pos"tro*phe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to turn round or back; &?; under + &?; to turn.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of a patient turning
himself.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A relapse, or return of a
disease.</def></p>

<p><! p. 722 !></p>

<p><hw>Hy"po*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; resting on
pillars; &?; under + &?; a pillar.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Resting upon
columns; constructed by means of columns; -- especially applied to
the great hall at Karnak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*sul"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of hyposulphuric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*sul"phite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A salt of what was formerly called
hyposulphurous acid; a thiosulphate.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A salt of hyposulphurous acid proper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*sul*phur"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>hypo-</i> + <i>sulphuric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or containing, sulphur in a lower state of oxidation than in the
sulphuric compounds; as, <i>hyposulphuric</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hyposulphuric acid</b></col>, <cd>an acid,
H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, obtained by the action of
manganese dioxide on sulphur dioxide, and known only in a watery
solution and in its salts; -- called also <i>dithionic acid</i>. See
<u>Dithionic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*sul"phur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>hypo-</i> + <i>sulphurous</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or containing, sulphur, all, or a part, in a low state of
oxidation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hyposulphurous acid</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Thiosulphuric acid.</cd> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An acid,
H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>2</sub>, obtained by the reduction of sulphurous
acid. It is not obtained in the free state, but in an orange-yellow
water solution, which is a strong reducing and bleaching agent.
Called also <i>hydrosulphurous acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`po*tar"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hypotarsi</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Hypo-</u>, and
<u>Tarsus</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A process on the posterior side
of the tarsometatarsus of many birds; the calcaneal process.</def> --
<wf>Hy`po*tar"sal</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy*pot"e*nuse</hw> (?), <hw>Hy*poth"e*nuse</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>hypotenusa</i>, Gr. &?;, prob.,
subtending (sc. &?;), fr. &?; to stretch under, subtend; &?; under +
&?; to stretch. See <u>Subtend</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The side of
a right-angled triangle that is opposite to the right
angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*poth"ec</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hypoth&egrave;que</i>. See <u>Hypotheca</u>.] <i>(Scot. Law)</i>
<def>A landlord's right, independently of stipulation, over the
stocking (cattle, implements, etc.), and crops of his tenant, as
security for payment of rent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`po*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
a thing subject to some obligation, fr. &?; to put under, put down,
pledge. See <u>Hypothesis</u>.] <i>(Rom. Law)</i> <def>An obligation
by which property of a debtor was made over to his creditor in
security of his debt.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It differed from pledge in regard to possession of the
property subject to the obligation; pledge requiring, simple
hypotheca not requiring, possession of it by the creditor. The modern
mortgage corresponds very closely with it.  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*poth"e*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Hypothecated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Hypothecating</u> (?).] [LL. <i>hypothecatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>hypothecare</i> to pledge, fr. L. <i>hypotheca</i> pledge,
security. See <u>Hypotheca</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To subject, as
property, to liability for a debt or engagement without delivery of
possession or transfer of title; to pledge without delivery of
possession; to mortgage, as ships, or other personal property; to
make a contract by bottomry. See <u>Hypothecation</u>,
<u>Bottomry</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had found the treasury empty and the pay of the
navy in arrear. He had no power to <i>hypothecate</i> any part of the
public revenue. Those who lent him money lent it on no security but
his bare word.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*poth`e*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>hypothecatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Civ. Law)</i> <def>The
act or contract by which property is hypothecated; a right which a
creditor has in or to the property of his debtor, in virtue of which
he may cause it to be sold and the price appropriated in payment of
his debt. This is a right in the thing, or <i>jus in re</i>.</def>
<i>Pothier. B. R. Curtis.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are but few cases, if any, in our law, where an
<i>hypothecation</i>, in the strict sense of the Roman law, exists;
that is a pledge without possession by the pledgee.</blockquote>
<i>Story.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the modern civil law, this contract has no application
to movable property, not even to ships, to which and their cargoes it
is most frequently applied in England and America. See
<u>Hypothecate</u>.  <i>B. R. Curtis. Domat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law of Shipping)</i> <def>A contract
whereby, in consideration of money advanced for the necessities of
the ship, the vessel, freight, or cargo is made liable for its
repayment, provided the ship arrives in safety. It is usually
effected by a bottomry bond. See <u>Bottomry</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term is often applied to mortgages of ships.</p>

<p><hw>Hy*poth"e*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who hypothecates or pledges anything as security for the
repayment of money borrowed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy*poth"e*nal</hw> (?), <hw>Hy*poth"e*nar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-</i> + <i>thenar</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the prominent part of the
palm of the hand above the base of the little finger, or a
corresponding part in the forefoot of an animal; as, the
<i>hypothenar</i> eminence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*poth"e*nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The hypothenar eminence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*poth`e*nu"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to hypothenuse.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Hy*poth"e*nuse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hypotenuse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*poth"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hypotheses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; foundation,
supposition, fr. &?; to place under, &?; under + &?; to put. See
<u>Hypo-</u>, <u>Thesis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A supposition;
a proposition or principle which is supposed or taken for granted, in
order to draw a conclusion or inference for proof of the point in
question; something not proved, but assumed for the purpose of
argument, or to account for a fact or an occurrence; as, the
<i>hypothesis</i> that head winds detain an overdue
steamer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>hypothesis</i> being a mere supposition, there
are no other limits to <i>hypotheses</i> than those of the human
imagination.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Natural Science)</i> <def>A tentative
theory or supposition provisionally adopted to explain certain facts,
and to guide in the investigation of others; hence, frequently called
a <i>working hypothesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Supposition; assumption. See <u>Theory</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Nebular hypothesis</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Nebular</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hy`po*thet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hy`po*thet"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hypotheticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>hypoth&eacute;tique</i>.] <def>Characterized by, or of the nature
of, an hypothesis; conditional; assumed without proof, for the
purpose of reasoning and deducing proof, or of accounting for some
fact or phenomenon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Causes <i>hypothetical</i> at least, if not real, for
the various phenomena of the existence of which our experience
informs us.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hypothetical baptism</b></col> <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i>,
<cd>baptism administered to persons in respect to whom it is doubtful
whether they have or have not been baptized before.</cd>
<i>Hook.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Hy`po*thet"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hy*poth"e*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
proposes or supports an hypothesis.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Hy`po*tra*che"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
Gr. &?;; &?; under + &?; neck.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Gorgerin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy*pot"ri*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"ypo`</grk> beneath + &?;, &?;, a hair.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of ciliated Infusoria in which the cilia cover only
the under side of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*tro"choid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-
</i> + <i>trochoid</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A curve, traced by a
point in the radius, or radius produced, of a circle which rolls upon
the concave side of a fixed circle. See <u>Hypocycloid</u>,
<u>Epicycloid</u>, and <u>Trochoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy`po*ty*po"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to sketch out; &?; under + &?; to impress.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A vivid, picturesque description of scenes or
events.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*xan"thin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-
</i> + <i>xanthin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline,
nitrogenous substance, closely related to xanthin and uric acid,
widely distributed through the animal body, but especially in muscle
tissue; -- called also <i>sarcin</i>, <i>sarkin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`po*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; an animal.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Anterior in age to the
lowest rocks which contain organic remains.</def>  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hyp"pish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Hyp</u>.]
<def>Affected with hypochondria; hypped.</def> [Written also
<i>hyppish</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Hyp"po*griff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hyppogriff</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp"si*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From &UPSILON;,
the Greek letter called "upsilon" + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Resembling the Greek letter &UPSILON; in form; hyoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp*som"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; height +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring
heights by observation of barometric pressure; esp., one for
determining heights by ascertaining the boiling point of water. It
consists of a vessel for water, with a lamp for heating it, and an
inclosed thermometer for showing the temperature of
ebullition.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hyp`so*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Hyp`so*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to hypsometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp*som"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That branch
of the science of geodesy which has to do with the measurement of
heights, either absolutely with reference to the sea level, or
relatively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*pu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hypo-</i> +
Gr. &?; tail.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Under the tail; -- applied to the
bones which support the caudal fin rays in most fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"ra*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Hyracoidea.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Hyracoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hyr`a*coi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Hyrax</u>, and <u>oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
small hoofed mammals, comprising the single living genus
<i>Hyrax</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hy"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
shrew mouse.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any animal of the genus
<i>Hyrax</i>, of which about four species are known. They constitute
the order Hyracoidea. The best known species are the daman (<i>H.
Syriacus</i>) of Palestine, and the klipdas (<i>H. capensis</i>) of
South Africa. Other species are <i>H. arboreus</i> and <i>H.
Sylvestris</i>, the former from Southern, and the latter from
Western, Africa. See <u>Daman</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hyr*ca"ni*an</hw> (?), <hw>Hyr"can</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Hyrcania, an ancient
country or province of Asia, southeast of the Caspian (which was also
called the Hyrcanian) Sea.</def> "The <i>Hyrcan</i> tiger."
"<i>Hyrcanian</i> deserts."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hyrse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>hirse</i>, OHG.
<i>hirsi</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Millet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyrst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wood. See
<u>Hurst</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>hi-tshun</i>,
lit., first crop, or blooming spring.] <def>A fragrant kind of green
tea.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hyson skin</b></col>, <cd>the light and inferior leaves
separated from the hyson by a winnowing machine.</cd>
<i>M&lsquo;Culloch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hys"sop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hysope</i>,
<i>ysope</i>, OF. <i>ysope</i>, F. <i>hysope</i>, <i>hyssope</i>, L.
<i>hysopum</i>, <i>hyssopum</i>, <i>hyssopus</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, an
aromatic plant, fr. Heb. <i>&emacr;sov</i>.] <def>A plant
(<i>Hyssopus officinalis</i>). The leaves have an aromatic smell, and
a warm, pungent taste.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The hyssop of Scripture is supposed to be a species of
caper (<i>Capparis spinosa</i>), but probably the name was used for
several different plants.</p>

<p><hw>Hys`ter*an"thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; after
+ &?; flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the leaves expand after the
flowers have opened.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Hys`te*re"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; to be behind, to lag.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A lagging or
retardation of the effect, when the forces acting upon a body are
changed, as if from velocity or internal friction; a temporary
resistance to change from a condition previously induced, observed in
magnetism, thermoelectricity, etc., on reversal of
polarity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hys*te"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf. F.
<i>hyst&eacute;rie</i>. See <u>Hysteric</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
nervous affection, occurring almost exclusively in women, in which
the emotional and reflex excitability is exaggerated, and the will
power correspondingly diminished, so that the patient loses control
over the emotions, becomes the victim of imaginary sensations, and
often falls into paroxism or fits.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The chief symptoms are convulsive, tossing movements of the
limbs and head, uncontrollable crying and laughing, and a choking
sensation as if a ball were lodged in the throat. The affection
presents the most varied symptoms, often simulating those of the
gravest diseases, but generally curable by mental treatment
alone.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Hys*ter"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Hys*ter"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>hystericus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr.
<grk>"yste`ra</grk> the womb; perh. akin to &?; latter, later, and E.
<i>utter</i>, <i>out</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to hysteria;
affected, or troubled, with hysterics; convulsive, fitful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With no <i>hysteric</i> weakness or feverish
excitement, they preserved their peace and patience.</blockquote>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hys*ter"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Hysteria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hys`ter*o*ep"i*lep`sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hysteria</i> + <i>epilepsy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease
resembling hysteria in its nature, and characterized by the
occurrence of epileptiform convulsions, which can often be controlled
or excited by pressure on the ovaries, and upon other definite points
in the body.</def> -- <wf>Hys`ter*o*ep`i*lep"tic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hys`ter*o*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hyste</i>ria + root of Gr. &?; to be born.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Producing hysteria; as, the <i>hysterogenic</i>pressure points
on the surface of the body, pressure upon which is said both to
produce and arrest an attack of hysteria.</def>  <i>De
Watteville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hys`ter*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
the latter + &?; discourse: cf. F. <i>hyst&eacute;rologie</i>.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by which the ordinary course of thought
is inverted in expression, and the last put first; -- called also
<i>hysteron proteron</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hys"te*ron prot"e*ron</hw> (?). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the
latter, following + &?; before, others, sooner.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A figure in which the natural order of sense
is reversed; hysterology; as, <i>valet atque vivit</i>, "he is well
and lives."</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An inversion of logical
order, in which the conclusion is put before the premises, or the
thing proved before the evidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hys*ter"o*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
following + &?; plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant, like the fungus,
which lives on dead or living organic matter.</def> --
<wf>Hys`ter*oph"y*tal</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hys`ter*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"yste`ra</grk> womb + &?; to cut: cf. F.
<i>hyst&eacute;rotomie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The C&aelig;sarean
section. See under <u>C&aelig;sarean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hys"tri*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hystrix</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
porcupines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hys`tri*co*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hystrix</i> + Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or
allied to, the porcupines; -- said of a group (<i>Hystricomorpha</i>)
of rodents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hys"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; porcupine.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of rodents, including the
porcupine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hythe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small haven. See
<u>Hithe</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p></p>
<p><! p. 723 !></p>

<p><point26>I.</point26></p>

<p><hw>I</hw> (&imacr;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>I, the ninth letter
of the English alphabet, takes its form from the Ph&oelig;nician,
through the Latin and the Greek. The Ph&oelig;nician letter was
probably of Egyptian origin. Its original value was nearly the same
as that of the Italian I, or long <i>e</i> as in <i>mete</i>.
Etymologically I is most closely related to <i>e</i>, <i>y</i>,
<i>j</i>, <i>g</i>; as in d<i>i</i>nt, d<i>e</i>nt, b<i>e</i>verage,
L. b<i>i</i>bere; E. k<i>i</i>n, AS. c<i>y</i>nn; E. th<i>i</i>n, AS.
&thorn;<i>y</i>nne; E. domin<i>i</i>on, don<i>j</i>on,
dun<i>g</i>eon.</def>
   In English I has two principal vowel sounds: the long sound, as in
<i>p&imacr;ne</i>, <i>&imacr;ce</i>; and the short sound, as in
<i>p&ibreve;n</i>. It has also three other sounds: (<i>a</i>) That of
<i>e</i> in <i>term</i>, as in <i>thirst</i>. (<i>b</i>) That of
<i>e</i> in <i>mete</i> (in words of foreign origin), as in
<i>machine</i>, <i>pique</i>, <i>regime</i>. (<i>c</i>) That of
consonant <i>y</i> (in many words in which it precedes another
vowel), as in <i>bunion</i>, <i>million</i>, <i>filial</i>,
<i>Christian</i>, etc. It enters into several digraphs, as in
<i>fail</i>, <i>field</i>, <i>seize</i>, <i>feign</i>. <i>friend</i>;
and with <i>o</i> often forms a proper diphtong, as in <i>oil</i>,
<i>join</i>, <i>coin</i>.</p>

<p>See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 98-106.</p>

<p>The dot which we place over the small or lower case <i>i</i> dates
only from the 14th century. The sounds of I and J were originally
represented by the same character, and even after the introduction of
the form J into English dictionaries, words containing these letters
were, till a comparatively recent time, classed together.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In our old authors, <i>I</i> was often
used for <i>ay</i> (or <i>aye</i>), yes, which is pronounced nearly
like it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>As a numeral, I stands for 1, II for 2,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>I-</hw> (?), <pos><i>prefix.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Y-
</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I</hw> (&imacr;), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>poss.</i></pos> <u>My</u> (m&imacr;) or <u>Mine</u>
(m&imacr;n); <pos><i>object.</i></pos> <u>Me</u> (m&emacr;).
<i>pl.</i> <pos><i>nom.</i></pos> <plw><b>We</b></plw> (w&emacr;);
<pos><i>poss.</i></pos> <plw><b>Our</b></plw> (our) or
<plw><b>Ours</b></plw> (ourz); <pos><i>object.</i></pos>
<plw><b>Us</b></plw> (&ubreve;s).] [OE. <i>i</i>, <i>ich</i>,
<i>ic</i>, AS. <i>ic</i>; akin to OS. &amp; D. <i>ik</i>, OHG. <i>ih</i>,
G. <i>ich</i>, Icel. <i>ek</i>, Dan. <i>jeg</i>, Sw. <i>jag</i>,
Goth. <i>ik</i>, OSlav. <i>az'</i>, Russ. <i>ia</i>, W. <i>i</i>, L.
<i>ego</i>, Gr. <grk>'egw`</grk>, <grk>'egw`n</grk>, Skr.
<i>aham</i>. &radic;179.  Cf. <u>Egoism</u>.] <def>The nominative
case of the pronoun of the first person; the word with which a
speaker or writer denotes himself.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*am`a*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
medicine + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Materia Medica; that
branch of therapeutics which treats of remedies.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"amb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>iambe</i>. See
<u>Lambus</u>.] <def>An iambus or iambic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>I*am"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>iambicus</i>,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>iambique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i>
<def>Consisting of a short syllable followed by a long one, or of an
unaccented syllable followed by an accented; as, an <i>iambic</i>
foot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or composed of, iambics;
as, an <i>iambic</i> verse; <i>iambic</i> meter. See
<u>Lambus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*am"bic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Pros.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An iambic foot; an
iambus.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A verse composed of iambic
feet.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The following couplet consists of iambic verses.</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy gen- | ius calls | thee not | to pur- | chase
fame<BR>
In keen | <i>iam-</i> | <i>bics</i>, but | mild an- |
agram.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A satirical poem (such poems having been
anciently written in iambic verse); a satire; a lampoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*am"bic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Iambic.</def>
[Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>I*am"bic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a iambic
manner; after the manner of iambics.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*am"bize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>To
satirize in iambics; to lampoon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>I*am"bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Iambi</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Iambuses</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>iambus</i>, Gr. &?;; prob. akin to &?; to throw, assail (the
iambus being first used in satiric poetry), and to L. <i>jacere</i>
to throw.  Cf. <u>Jet</u> a shooting forth.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A
foot consisting of a short syllable followed by a long one, as in
<i>&abreve;m&amacr;ns</i>, or of an unaccented syllable followed by
an accented one, as <i>invent</i>; an iambic. See the Couplet under
<u>Iambic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>||I*an"thi*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Ianthin&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Ianthinas</b></plw>
(#). [NL., fr. L. <i>ianthinus</i> violet-blue, Gr. &?;; &?; violet +
&?; flower.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any gastropod of the genus
<i>Ianthina</i>, of which various species are found living in mid
ocean; -- called also <i>purple shell</i>, and <i>violet
snail</i>.</def> [Written also <i>janthina</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; It floats at the surface by means of a raft, which it
constructs by forming and uniting together air bubbles of hardened
mucus. The Tyrian purple of the ancients was obtained in part from
mollusks of this genus.</p>

<p><hw>I*a`tra*lip"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
physician + &?; belonging to the &?; or anointer, fr. &?; to anoint:
cf. F. <i>iatraliptique</i>.] <def>Treating diseases by anointing and
friction; as, the <i>iatraliptic</i> method.</def> [Written also
<i>iatroleptic</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>I*at"ric</hw> (?), <hw>I*at"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; healing, fr. &?; physician, fr. &?; to
heal.] <def>Of or pertaining to medicine, or to medical
men.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*a`tro*chem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to iatrochemistry, or to the iatrochemists.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*a`tro*chem"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
physician + E. <i>chemist</i>.] <def>A physician who explained or
treated diseases upon chemical principles; one who practiced
iatrochemistry.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*a`tro*chem"is*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Chemistry applied to, or used in, medicine; -- used especially
with reference to the doctrines in the school of physicians in
Flanders, in the 17th century, who held that health depends upon the
proper chemical relations of the fluids of the body, and who
endeavored to explain the conditions of health or disease by chemical
principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*a`tro*math`e*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to iatromathematicians or their
doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*a`tro*math`e*ma*ti"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?; physician + E. <i>mathematician</i>.] <i>(Hist. Med.)</i>
<def>One of a school of physicians in Italy, about the middle of the
17th century, who tried to apply the laws of mechanics and
mathematics to the human body, and hence were eager student of
anatomy; -- opposed to the <i>iatrochemists</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*be"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Iberia.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"bex</hw> (&imacr;"b&ebreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Ibexes</b></plw> (-&ebreve;z), L.
<plw><b>Ibices</b></plw> (&imacr;b"&ibreve;*s&emacr;z). [L., a kind
of goat, the chamois.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several
species of wild goats having very large, recurved horns, transversely
ridged in front; -- called also <i>steinbok</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Alpine ibex (<i>Capra ibex</i>) is the best known. The
Spanish, or Pyrenean, ibex (<i>C. Hispanica</i>) has smoother and
more spreading horns.</p>

<p><hw>||I*bi"dem</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L.] <def>In the
same place; -- abbreviated <i>ibid.</i> or <i>ib.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>I"bis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ibis</i>, Gr. &?;;
of Egyptian origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird of the genus
<i>Ibis</i> and several allied genera, of the family
<i>Ibid&aelig;</i>, inhabiting both the Old World and the New.
Numerous species are known. They are large, wading birds, having a
long, curved beak, and feed largely on reptiles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The sacred ibis of the ancient Egyptians (<i>Ibis
&AElig;thiopica</i>) has the head and neck black, without feathers.
The plumage of the body and wings is white, except the tertiaries,
which are lengthened and form a dark purple plume. In ancient times
this bird was extensively domesticated in Egypt, but it is now seldom
seen so far north. The glossy ibis (<i>Plegadis autumnalis</i>),
which is widely distributed both in the Old World and the New, has
the head and neck feathered, except between the eyes and bill; the
scarlet ibis (<i>Guara rubra</i>) and the white ibis (<i>G. alba</i>)
inhabit the West Indies and South America, and are rarely found in
the United States. The wood ibis (<i>Tantalus loculator</i>) of
America belongs to the Stork family (<i>Ciconid&aelig;</i>). See
<u>Wood ibis</u>.</p>

<p><hw>-i*ble</hw> (?). <def>See <u>-able</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ic</hw> (?). [L. <i>-icus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>-ique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A suffix signifying, in general, <i>relating
to</i>, or <i>characteristic of</i>; as, histor<i>ic</i>,
hygien<i>ic</i>, telegraph<i>ic</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A suffix, denoting that the
element indicated enters into certain compounds with its <i>highest
valence</i>, or with a valence relatively higher than in compounds
where the name of the element ends in -<i>ous</i>; as, ferr<i>ic</i>,
sulphur<i>ic</i>. It is also used in the general sense of
<i>pertaining to</i>; as, hydr<i>ic</i>, sod<i>ic</i>,
calc<i>ic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*ca"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Icarius</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, the mythic son of D&aelig;dalus, who, when flying
from Crete on wings cemented with wax, mounted so high that the sun
melted the wax, and he fell into the sea.] <def>Soaring too high for
safety, like Icarus; adventurous in flight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ice</hw> (&imacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>is</i>,
<i>iis</i>, AS. <i>&imacr;s</i>; aksin to D. <i>ijs</i>, G.
<i>eis</i>, OHG. <i>&imacr;s</i>, Icel. <i>&imacr;ss</i>, Sw.
<i>is</i>, Dan. <i>iis</i>, and perh. to E. <i>iron</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Water or other fluid frozen or reduced to the
solid state by cold; frozen water. It is a white or transparent
colorless substance, crystalline, brittle, and viscoidal. Its
specific gravity (0.92, that of water at 4&deg; C. being 1.0) being
less than that of water, ice floats.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Water freezes at 32&deg; F. or 0&deg; Cent., and ice melts
at the same temperature. Ice owes its cooling properties to the large
amount of heat required to melt it.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Concreted sugar.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Water, cream, custard, etc., sweetened,
flavored, and artificially frozen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any substance having the appearance of
ice; as, camphor <i>ice</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Anchor ice</b></col>, <cd>ice which sometimes forms about
stones and other objects at the bottom of running or other water, and
is thus attached or <i>anchored</i> to the ground.</cd> --
<col><b>Bay ice</b></col>, <cd>ice formed in bays, fiords, etc.,
often in extensive fields which drift out to sea.</cd> --
<col><b>Ground ice</b></col>, <cd>anchor ice.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice
age</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the glacial epoch or period. See
under <u>Glacial</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice anchor</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a grapnel for mooring a vessel to a field of
ice.</cd> <i>Kane.</i> -- <col><b>Ice blink</b></col> [Dan.
<i>iisblink</i>], <cd>a streak of whiteness of the horizon, caused by
the reflection of light from ice not yet in sight.</cd> --
<col><b>Ice boat</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A boat fitted
with skates or runners, and propelled on ice by sails; an ice
yacht.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A strong steamboat for breaking a
channel through ice.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice box</b></col> or
<col><b>chest</b></col>, <cd>a box for holding ice; a box in which
things are kept cool by means of ice; a refrigerator.</cd> --
<col><b>Ice brook</b></col>, <cd>a brook or stream as cold as
ice.</cd> [Poetic] <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Ice cream</b></col> [for
<i>iced cream</i>], <cd>cream, milk, or custard, sweetened, flavored,
and frozen.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice field</b></col>, <cd>an extensive
sheet of ice.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice float</b></col>, <col><b>Ice
floe</b></col>, <cd>a sheet of floating ice similar to an ice field,
but smaller.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice foot</b></col>, <cd>shore ice in
Arctic regions; an ice belt.</cd> <i>Kane.</i> -- <col><b>Ice
house</b></col>, <cd>a close-covered pit or building for storing
ice.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice machine</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a
machine for making ice artificially, as by the production of a low
temperature through the sudden expansion of a gas or vapor, or the
rapid evaporation of a volatile liquid.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice
master</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Ice pilot</i> (below).</cd> --
<col><b>Ice pack</b></col>, <cd>an irregular mass of broken and
drifting ice.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice paper</b></col>, <cd>a transparent
film of gelatin for copying or reproducing; <i>papier
glac&eacute;</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice petrel</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a shearwater (<i>Puffinus gelidus</i>) of
the Antarctic seas, abundant among floating ice.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice
pick</b></col>, <cd>a sharp instrument for breaking ice into small
pieces.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice pilot</b></col>, <cd>a pilot who has
charge of a vessel where the course is obstructed by ice, as in polar
seas; -- called also <i>ice master</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice
pitcher</b></col>, <cd>a pitcher adapted for ice water.</cd> --
<col><b>Ice plow</b></col>, <cd>a large tool for grooving and cutting
ice.</cd>  -- <col><b>Ice sludge</b></col>, <cd>bay ice broken small
by the wind or waves; sludge.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice spar</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of feldspar, the crystals of which are
very clear like ice; rhyacolite.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice tongs</b></col>,
<cd>large iron nippers for handling ice.</cd> -- <col><b>Ice
water</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Water cooled by ice.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Water formed by the melting of ice.</cd> --
<col><b>Ice yacht</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Ice boat</i> (above).</cd> --
<col><b>To break the ice</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Break</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Water ice</b></col>, <cd>a confection consisting of water
sweetened, flavored, and frozen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ice</hw> (&imacr;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Iced</u> (&imacr;st); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Icing</u> (&imacr;"s&ibreve;ng).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cover with ice; to convert into ice, or into something
resembling ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with icing, or frosting made of
sugar and milk or white of egg; to frost, as cakes, tarts,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To chill or cool, as with ice; to
freeze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ice"berg`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. of Scand.
origin; cf. Dan. <i>iisbierg</i>, Sw. <i>isberg</i>, properly, a
mountain of ice. See <u>Ice</u>, and <u>Berg</u>.] <def>A large mass
of ice, generally floating in the ocean.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Icebergs are large detached portions of glaciers, which in
cold regions often project into the sea.</p>

<p><hw>Ice"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An Arctic sea bird, as the Arctic fulmar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ice"bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Totally
surrounded with ice, so as to be incapable of advancing; as, an
<i>icebound</i> vessel; also, surrounded by or fringed with ice so as
to hinder easy access; as, an <i>icebound</i> coast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ice"-built`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Composed of ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Loaded with ice.</def> "<i>Ice-built</i>
mountains."  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Iced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered with ice; chilled with ice; as, <i>iced</i>
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covered with something resembling ice, as
sugar icing; frosted; as, <i>iced</i> cake.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Iced cream</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Ice cream</i>, under
<u>Ice</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ice"fall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A frozen
waterfall, or mass of ice resembling a frozen waterfall.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ice"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native, or
one of the Scandinavian people, of Iceland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ice*lan"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Iceland; relating to, or resembling, the
Icelanders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ice*lan"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language
of the Icelanders. It is one of the Scandinavian group, and is more
nearly allied to the Old Norse than any other language now
spoken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ice"land moss`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of lichen
(<i>Cetraria Icelandica</i>) found from the Arctic regions to the
North Temperate zone. It furnishes a nutritious jelly and other forms
of food, and is used in pulmonary complaints as a
demulcent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ice"land spar`</hw> (?). <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A transparent
variety of calcite, the best of which is obtained in Iceland. It is
used for the prisms of the polariscope, because of its strong double
refraction.  Cf. <u>Calcite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ice"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Icemen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man who is
skilled in traveling upon ice, as among glaciers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who deals in ice; one who retails or
delivers ice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ice" plant`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant
(<i>Mesembryanthemum crystallinum</i>), sprinkled with pellucid,
watery vesicles, which glisten like ice. It is native along the
Mediterranean, in the Canaries, and in South Africa. Its juice is
said to be demulcent and diuretic; its ashes are used in Spain in
making glass.</def></p>

<p>
 Ice-skater  = one who skates on ice wearing an ice skate; esp. an
athlete who performs athletic or artistic movements on a sheet of
ice, wearing ice skates; including speed skater and figure skater --
></p>

<p><! p. 724 !></p>

<p><hw>Ice"quake`</hw> (&imacr;s"kw&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The crash or concussion attending the breaking up of masses of
ice, -- often due to contraction from extreme cold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich</hw> (&ibreve;k), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>I.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the Southern dialect of Early English this is the
regular form.  Cf. <u>Ik</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ich*neu"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
lit., the tracker; so called because it hunts out the eggs of the
crocodile, fr. &?; to track or hunt after, fr. <grk>'i`chnos</grk>
track, footstep.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
carnivorous mammal of the genus <i>Herpestes</i>, and family
<i>Viverrid&aelig;</i>. Numerous species are found in Asia and
Africa. The Egyptian species (<i>H. ichneumon</i>), which ranges to
Spain and Palestine, is noted for destroying the eggs and young of
the crocodile as well as various snakes and lizards, and hence was
considered sacred by the ancient Egyptians. The common species of
India (<i>H. griseus</i>), known as the mongoose, has similar habits
and is often domesticated. It is noted for killing the
cobra.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any hymenopterous
insect of the family <i>Ichneumonid&aelig;</i>, of which several
thousand species are known, belonging to numerous genera.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The female deposits her eggs upon, or in, the bodies of
other insects, such as caterpillars, plant lice, etc. The larva lives
upon the internal tissues of the insect in which it is parasitic, and
finally kills it. Hence, many of the species are beneficial to
agriculture by destroying noxious insects.</p>

<p><col><b>Ichneumon fly</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Ichneumon</u>,
2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ich`neu*mon"i*dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Ichneumonid&aelig;</i>, or ichneumon flies.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
<i>Ichneumonid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ich`neu*mon"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Ichneumon</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ichneumon
flies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'i`chnos</grk> track, footstep.] <def>A fossil footprint; as,
the <i>ichnites</i> in the Triassic sandstone.</def>
<i>Page.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ich`no*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ich`no*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ichonographique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to ichonography; describing a ground plot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'i`chnos</grk> track, footstep + &?; to describe: cf. F.
<i>ichonographie</i>.] <i>(Drawing)</i> <def>A horizontal section of
a building or other object, showing its true dimensions according to
a geometric scale; a ground plan; a map; also, the art of making such
plans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich"no*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'i`chnos</grk> track, footstep + <i>-lite</i>.] <def>A fossil
footprint; an ichnite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich`no*li*thol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'i`chnos</grk> footstep + <i>-lith + -logy</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Ichnology</u>.</def>  <i>Hitchcock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ich`no*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to ichnology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'i`chnos</grk> a footstep + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>The branch of science which treats of fossil
footprints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich*nos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'i`chnos</grk> footstep + <i>-scopy</i>.] <def>The search for
the traces of anything.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>I"chor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;: cf.
F. <i>ichor</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>An
ethereal fluid that supplied the place of blood in the veins of the
gods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thin, acrid, watery discharge from an
ulcer, wound, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||I`chor*h&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; ichor + &?; blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Infection of the
blood with ichorous or putrid substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"chor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ichoreux</i>.] <def>Of or like ichor; thin; watery; serous;
sanious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich"thi*din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A substance from the egg yolk of osseous
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich"thin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk> fish.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous
substance resembling vitellin, present in the egg yolk of
cartilaginous fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich"thu*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A substance from the yolk of salmon's eggs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich"thus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>.] <def>In early Christian and eccesiastical art,
an emblematic fish, or the Greek word for <i>fish</i>, which combined
the initials of the Greek words <grk>Ihsoy^s</grk>,
<grk>Christo`s</grk>, <grk>Qeoy^ Gio`s</grk> <grk>Swth`r</grk>,
Jesus, Christ, Son of God, Savior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich"thy*ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like, or pertaining to, fishes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ich"thy*o*col</hw> (?), <hw>Ich`thy*o*col"la</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ichthyocolla</i>, Gr. &?;;
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + &?; glue: cf. F.
<i>ichthyocolle</i>.] <def>Fish glue; isinglass; a glue prepared from
the sounds of certain fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich`thy*o*cop"ro*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + E. <i>coprolite</i>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Fossil dung of fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich`thy*o*dor"u*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + &?; a spear + <i>-
lite</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the spiny plates found on
the back and tail of certain skates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich`thy*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk> + <i>graphy</i>: cf. F.
<i>ichthyographie</i>.] <def>A treatise on fishes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ich"thy*oid</hw> (?), <hw>Ich`thy*oid"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: <grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>,
a fish + &?; form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Somewhat like a fish;
having some of the characteristics of fishes; -- said of some
amphibians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich`thy*ol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + &?; to worship.]
<def>Worship of fishes, or of fish-shaped idols.</def>
<i>Layard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ich"thy*o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + <i>-lite</i>.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil fish, or fragment of a fish.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ich`thy*o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ich`thy*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ichthyologique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to ichthyology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich`thy*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ichthyologiste</i>.] <def>One versed in, or who studies,
ichthyology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich`thy*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F.
<i>ichthyologie</i>.] <def>The natural history of fishes; that branch
of zo&ouml;logy which relates to fishes, including their structure,
classification, and habits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich"thy*o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + <i>-mancy</i>: cf. F.
<i>ichthyomancie</i>.] <def>Divination by the heads or the entrails
of fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ich`thy*o*mor"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; fish-shaped; <grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a
fish + &?; form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Urodela.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ich`thy*o*mor"phic</hw> (?), <hw>Ich`thy*o*mor"phous</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ichthyomorpha</u>.] <def>Fish-
shaped; as, the <i>ichthyomorphic</i> idols of ancient
Assyria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich`thy*oph"a*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ichthyophagous</u>.] <def>One who eats, or subsists on,
fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich`thy*oph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ichthyophagus</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>,
a fish + &?; to eat.] <def>Eating, or subsisting on, fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich`thy*oph"a*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ichqyofagi`a</grk>: cf. F. <i>ichthyophagie</i>.] <def>The
practice of eating, or living upon, fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich`thy*oph*thal"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + &?; eye.] <def>See
<u>Apophyllite</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ich`thy*oph*thi"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + &?; a louse.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of copepod crustaceans, including
numerous species parasitic on fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ich`thy*op"si*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + &?;
appearance.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A grand division of the
Vertebrata, including the Amphibia and Fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ich`thy*op`te*ryg"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>Ichthyopterygium</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>See
<u>Ichthyosauria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ich`thy*op`te*ryg"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + &?; a fin.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The typical limb, or lateral fin, of
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ich`thy*or"nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + &?; bird.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct genus of toothed birds found in the
American Cretaceous formation. It is remarkable for having biconcave
vertebr&aelig;, and sharp, conical teeth set in sockets. Its wings
were well developed. It is the type of the order
Odontotorm&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich"thy*o*saur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ichthyosaure</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of the
Ichthyosaura.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ich`thy*o*sau"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Ichthyosaurus</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order of
marine reptiles, including Ichthyosaurus and allied forms; -- called
also <i>Ichthyopterygia</i>. They have not been found later than the
Cretaceous period.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich`thy*o*sau"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Ichthyosauria.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Ichthyosauria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ich`thy*o*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ichthyosauri</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + <grk>say^ros</grk> a
lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct genus of marine reptiles; -
- so named from their short, biconcave vertebr&aelig;, resembling
those of fishes. Several species, varying in length from ten to
thirty feet, are known from the Liassic, O&ouml;litic, and Cretaceous
formations.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ich`thy*o"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk> fish.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease in which the
skin is thick, rough, and scaly; -- called also
<i>fishskin</i>.</def> -- <wf>Ich`thy*ot"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ich`thy*ot"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in ichthyotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich`thy*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk>, <grk>-y`os</grk>, a fish + &?; to cut.] <def>The
anatomy or dissection of fishes.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ich"thys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'ichqy`s</grk> a fish.] <def>Same as <u>Ichthus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ci*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>isikel</i>,
AS. <i>&imacr;sgicel</i>; <i>&imacr;s</i> ice + <i>gicel</i> icicle;
akin to Icel. <i>j&ouml;kull</i>; cf. Gael. <i>eigh</i> ice, Ir.
<i>aigh</i>.] <def>A pendent, and usually conical, mass of ice,
formed by freezing of dripping water; as, the <i>icicles</i> on the
eaves of a house.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ci*cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having icicles
attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ci*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an icy
manner; coldly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Faultily faultless, <i>icily</i> regular, splendidly
null,<BR>
Dead perfection, no more.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"ci*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being icy or very cold; frigidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coating or
covering resembling ice, as of sugar and milk or white of egg;
frosting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ic"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ikil</i>. See
<u>Icicle</u>.] <def>An icicle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>I"con</hw> (&imacr;"k&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
Gr. <grk>e'ikw`n</grk>.] <def>An image or representation; a portrait
or pretended portrait.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Netherlands whose names and <i>icons</i> are
published.</blockquote> <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*con"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or consisting of, images, pictures, or representations of any
kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"con*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>iconismus</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to mold, delineate, fr. <grk>e'ikw`n</grk> an image:
cf. F. <i>iconisme</i>.] <def>The formation of a figure,
representation, or semblance; a delineation or description.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some kind of apish imitations, counterfeit
<i>iconisms</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"con*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>e'ikoni`zein</grk>.] <def>To form an image or likeness of.</def>
[R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*con"o*clasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>iconoclasme</i>. See <u>Iconoclast</u>.] <def>The doctrine or
practice of the iconoclasts; image breaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*con"o*clast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>e'ikw`n</grk> image + &?; to break: cf. F. <i>iconoclaste</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A breaker or destroyer of images or idols; a
determined enemy of idol worship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who exposes or destroys impositions or
shams; one who attacks cherished beliefs; a radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*con`o*clas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the iconoclasts, or to image breaking.</def>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p>{<hw>I*con"o*dule</hw> (?), <hw>I*con"o*du`list</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>e'ikw`n</grk> an image + &?; a slave.]
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One who serves images; -- opposed to an
<i>iconoclast</i>.</def>  <i>Schaff-Herzog Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>I`co*nog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maker
of images.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*con`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to iconography.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Representing by means of pictures or
diagrams; as, an <i>icongraphic</i> encyclop&aelig;dia.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`co*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
sketch or description; <grk>e'ikw`n</grk> an image + &?; to describe:
cf. F. <i>iconographie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or
representation by pictures or images; the description or study of
portraiture or representation, as of persons; as, the
<i>iconography</i> of the ancients.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The study of representative art in
general.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Christian iconography</b></col>, <cd>the study of the
representations in art of the Deity, the persons of the Trinity,
angels, saints, virtues, vices, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I`co*nol"a*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>e'ikw`n</grk> an image + &?; to worship: cf. F.
<i>iconol&acirc;tre</i>.] <def>One who worships images.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`co*nol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Iconolater</u>.] <def>The worship of images as symbols; --
distinguished from <i>idolatry</i>, the worship of images
themselves.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`co*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>e'ikw`n</grk> an image + &?; discourse: cf. F.
<i>iconologie</i>.] <def>The discussion or description of portraiture
or of representative images.  Cf. <u>Iconography</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`co*nom"a*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a war
against images; <grk>e'ikw`n</grk> an image + &?; fight.]
<def>Hostility to images as objects of worship.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>I`co*nom"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>e'ikw`n</grk> image + &?; fight.] <def>Opposed to pictures or
images as objects of worship.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>I`co*noph"i*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>e'ikw`n</grk> an image + &?; to love.] <def>A student, or lover
of the study, of iconography.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`co*sa*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Icosahedron</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Having twenty equal sides or
faces.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`co*sa*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
twenty + &?; seat, base, fr. &?; to sit.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid
bounded by twenty sides or faces.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Regular icosahedron</b></col>, <cd>one of the five regular
polyhedrons, bounded by twenty equilateral triangules. Five triangles
meet to form each solid angle of the polyhedron.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||I`co*san"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; twenty +&?;, &?;, man, male: cf. F. <i>icosandrie</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of plants, having twenty or
more stamens inserted in the calyx.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>I`co*san"dri*an</hw> (?), <hw>I`co*san"drous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the class
Icosandria; having twenty or more stamens inserted in the
calyx.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`co*si*tet`ra*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
twenty + &?;, combining form of &?; four + &?; seat, base.]
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A twenty-four-sided solid; a tetragonal
trisoctahedron or trapezohedron.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ics</hw> (?). <def>A suffix used in forming the names of
certain sciences, systems, etc., as acoust<i>ics</i>,
mathemat<i>ics</i>, dynam<i>ics</i>, statist<i>ics</i>,
polit<i>ics</i>, athlet<i>ics</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The names sciences ending in <i>ics</i>, as
<i>mathematics</i>, <i>mechanics</i>, <i>metaphysics</i>,
<i>optics</i>, etc., are, with respect to their form, nouns in the
plural number. The plural form was probably introduced to mark the
complex nature of such sciences; and it may have been in imitation of
the use of the Greek plurals &?;, &?;, &?;, &?;, etc., to designate
parts of Aristotle's writings. Previously to the present century,
nouns ending in <i>ics</i> were construed with a verb or a pronoun in
the plural; but it is now generally considered preferable to treat
them as singular. In Greman we have <i>die Mathematik</i>, <i>die
Mechanik</i>, etc., and in French <i>la metaphysique</i>, <i>la
optique</i>, etc., corresponding to our <i>mathematics</i>,
<i>mechanics</i>, <i>metaphysics</i>, <i>optics</i>, etc.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mathematics have</i> for their object the
consideration of whatever is capable of being numbered or
measured.</blockquote> <i>John Davidson.</i></p>

<p>The citations subjoined will serve as examples of the best present
usage.</p>

<p><blockquote>Ethics is the sciences of the laws which govern our
actions as moral agents.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All parts of knowledge have their origin in
<i>metaphysics</i>, and finally, perhaps, revolve into
<i>it</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mechanics</i>, like pure <i>mathematics</i>, may be
geometrical, or may be analytical; that is, <i>it</i> may treat space
either by a direct consideration of its properties, or by a
symbolical representation.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i>
</p>

<p><! p. 725 !></p>

<p><hw>Ic*ter"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy for the
jaundice.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ic*ter"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ic*ter"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ictericus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; jaundice:
cf. F. <i>ict&eacute;rique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining
to, or affected with, jaundice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Good against the jaundice.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ic`ter*i"tious</hw> (?), <hw>Ic*ter"i*tous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Yellow; of the color of the skin when it is
affected by the jaundice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ic"ter*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; jaundice +
<i>-oid</i>.] <def>Of a tint resembling that produced by jaundice;
yellow; as, an <i>icteroid</i> tint or complexion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ic"te*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Icteric</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
jaundice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ic"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ictus</i> blow.]
<def>Pertaining to, or caused by, a blow; sudden; abrupt.</def> [R.]
<i>H. Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ic"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>icere</i>,
<i>ictum</i>, to strike.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>The
stress of voice laid upon accented syllable of a word.  Cf.
<u>Arsis</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A stroke or blow, as in a
sunstroke, the sting of an insect, pulsation of an artery,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Icier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Iciest</u>.] [AS.
<i>&imacr;sig</i>. See <u>Ice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, resembling, or abounding in, ice; cold;
frosty.</def> "<i>Icy</i> chains." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Icy</i> region."
<i>Boyle.</i> "<i>Icy</i> seas." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by coldness, as of manner,
influence, etc.; chilling; frigid; cold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Icy</i> was the deportment with which Philip
received these demonstrations of affection.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"cy-pearl`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spangled
with ice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mounting up in <i>icy-pearled</i> car.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>I'd</hw> (?). <def>A contraction from <i>I would</i> or <i>I
had</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small fresh-water cyprinoid fish (<i>Leuciscus idus</i> or <i>Idus
idus</i>) of Europe. A domesticated variety, colored like the
goldfish, is called <i>orfe</i> in Germany.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*da"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to <i>Idalium</i>, a mountain city in Cyprus, or to Venus,
to whom it was sacred.</def> "<i>Idalian</i> Aphrodit&eacute;."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Id</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ide</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A suffix used to denote:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The <i>nonmetallic</i>, or <i>negative</i>,
element or radical in a binary compound; as, ox<i>ide</i>,
sulph<i>ide</i>, chlor<i>ide</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A compound
which is an <i>anhydride</i>; as, glycol<i>ide</i>, phthal<i>ide</i>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> Any one of a series of derivatives; as,
indogen<i>ide</i>, glucos<i>ide</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ideas</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>idea</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
see; akin to E. <i>wit</i>: cf. F. <i>id&eacute;e</i>. See
<u>Wit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The transcript, image, or
picture of a visible object, that is formed by the mind; also, a
similar image of any object whatever, whether sensible or
spiritual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her sweet <i>idea</i> wandered through his
thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Being the right <i>idea</i> of your father<BR>
Both in your form and nobleness of mind.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This representation or likeness of the object being
transmitted from thence [the senses] to the imagination, and lodged
there for the view and observation of the pure intellect, is aptly
and properly called its <i>idea</i>.</blockquote> <i>P.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A general notion, or a conception formed
by generalization.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alice had not the slightest <i>idea</i> what latitude
was.</blockquote> <i>L. Caroll.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Any object apprehended, conceived,
or thought of, by the mind; a notion, conception, or thought; the
real object that is conceived or thought of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever the mind perceives in itself, or as the
immediate object of perception, thought, or undersanding, that I call
<i>idea</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A belief, option, or doctrine; a
characteristic or controlling principle; as, an essential
<i>idea</i>; the <i>idea</i> of development.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That fellow seems to me to possess but one
<i>idea</i>, and that is a wrong one.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What is now "<i>idea</i>" for us? How infinite the
fall of this word, since the time where Milton sang of the Creator
contemplating his newly-created world, -<BR>
"how it showed . . . <BR>
Answering his great <i>idea</i>," -<BR>
to its present use, when this person "has an <i>idea</i> that the
train has started," and the other "had no <i>idea</i> that the dinner
would be so bad!"</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A plan or purpose of action; intention;
design.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shortly afterwards set off for that capital, with an
<i>idea</i> of undertaking while there the translation of the
work.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A rational conception; the complete
conception of an object when thought of in all its essential elements
or constituents; the necessary metaphysical or constituent attributes
and relations, when conceived in the abstract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A fiction object or picture created by the
imagination; the same when proposed as a pattern to be copied, or a
standard to be reached; one of the archetypes or patterns of created
things, conceived by the Platonists to have excited objectively from
eternity in the mind of the Deity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thence to behold this new-created world,<BR>
The addition of his empire, how it showed<BR>
In prospect from his throne, how good, how fair,<BR>
Answering his great <i>idea</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "In England, Locke may be said to have been the first who
naturalized the term in its Cartesian universality. When, in common
language, employed by Milton and Dryden, after Descartes, as before
him by Sidney, Spenser, Shakespeare, Hooker, etc., the meaning is
Platonic."  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Abstract idea</b></col>, <col><b>Association of
ideas</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Abstract</u>,
<u>Association</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Notion; conception; thought; sentiment; fancy;
image; perception; impression; opinion; belief; observation;
judgment; consideration; view; design; intention; purpose; plan;
model; pattern. There is scarcely any other word which is subjected
to such abusive treatment as is the word <i>idea</i>, in the very
general and indiscriminative way in which it is employed, as it is
used variously to signify almost any act, state, or content of
thought.</p>

<p><hw>I*de"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>idealis</i>: cf.
F. <i>id&eacute;al</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Existing in idea or
thought; conceptional; intellectual; mental; as, <i>ideal</i>
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reaching an imaginary standard of
excellence; fit for a model; faultless; as, <i>ideal</i>
beauty.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There will always be a wide interval between practical
and <i>ideal</i> excellence.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Existing in fancy or imagination only;
visionary; unreal.</def> "Planning <i>ideal</i> common wealth."
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Teaching the doctrine of idealism; as, the
<i>ideal</i> theory or philosophy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Imaginary.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Intellectual; mental; visionary; fanciful;
imaginary; unreal; impracticable; utopian.</p>

<p><hw>I*de"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mental
conception regarded as a standard of perfection; a model of
excellence, beauty, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ideal</i> is to be attained by selecting and
assembling in one whole the beauties and perfections which are
usually seen in different individuals, excluding everything defective
or unseemly, so as to form a type or model of the species. Thus, the
Apollo Belvedere is the <i>ideal</i> of the beauty and proportion of
the human frame.</blockquote> <i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Beau ideal</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Beau ideal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I*de"a*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
an idea.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de"al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>id&eacute;alisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
state of being ideal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conception of the ideal;
imagery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The system or theory that
denies the existence of material bodies, and teaches that we have no
rational grounds to believe in the reality of anything but ideas and
their relations.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de"al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>id&eacute;aliste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who idealizes;
one who forms picturesque fancies; one given to romantic
expectations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who holds the doctrine of
idealism.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de`al*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to idealists or their theories.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`de*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Idealities</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being ideal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The capacity to form ideals of beauty or
perfection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>The conceptive
faculty.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de`al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of idealizing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The representation of
natural objects, scenes, etc., in such a way as to show their most
important characteristics; the study of the ideal.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de"al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Idealized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Idealizing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
ideal; to give an ideal form or value to; to attribute ideal
characteristics and excellences to; as, to <i>idealize</i> real
life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>To treat in an ideal
manner. See <u>Idealization</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de"al*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>id&eacute;aliser</i>.] <def>To form ideals.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de"al*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
idealist.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de"al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an ideal
manner; by means of ideals; mentally.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de`a*log"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an idealogue, or to idealization.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de"a*logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Idea</i> +
<i>-logue</i>, as in theo<i>logue</i>: cf. F.
<i>id&eacute;ologue</i>.] <def>One given to fanciful ideas or
theories; a theorist; a spectator.</def> [R.]  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>I*de"at</hw> (?), <hw>I*de"ate</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>ideatum</i>. See <u>Idea</u>.]
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The actual existence supposed to correspond
with an idea; the correlate in real existence to the idea as a
thought or existence.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To form in idea; to fancy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ideated</i> man . . . as he stood in the
intellect of God.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To apprehend in thought so as to fix and
hold in the mind; to memorize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>I`de*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The faculty or
capacity of the mind for forming ideas; the exercise of this
capacity; the act of the mind by which objects of sense are
apprehended and retained as objects of thought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole mass of residua which have been accumulated
. . . all enter now into the process of <i>ideation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>J. D. Morell.</i></p>

<p><hw>I`de*a"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or characterized by, ideation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Certain sensational or <i>ideational</i>
stimuli.</blockquote> <i>Blackw. Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"dem</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron. or adj.</i></pos> [L.] <def>The
same; the same as above; -- often abbreviated <i>id.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>I*den"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Identical.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*den"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>identique</i>. See <u>Identity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
same; the selfsame; the very same; not different; as, the
<i>identical</i> person or thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not remember a thing that happened a year ago,
without a conviction . . . that I, the same <i>identical</i> person
who now remember that event, did then exist.</blockquote>
<i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uttering sameness or the same truth;
expressing in the predicate what is given, or obviously implied, in
the subject; tautological.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When you say body is solid, I say that you make an
<i>identical</i> proposition, because it is impossible to have the
idea of body without that of solidity.</blockquote>
<i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Identical equation</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>an
equation which is true for all values of the algebraic symbols which
enter into it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I*den"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
identical manner; with respect to identity.</def> "<i>Identically</i>
the same." <i>Bp. Warburton.</i> "<i>Identically</i> different."
<i>Ross.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*den"tic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being identical; sameness.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*den"ti*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being identified.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*den`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>identification</i>.] <def>The act of identifying, or proving to be
the same; also, the state of being identified.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*den"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Identified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Identifying</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>identifier</i>. See
<u>Identity</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make to
be the same; to unite or combine in such a manner as to make one; to
treat as being one or having the same purpose or effect; to consider
as the same in any relation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every precaution is taken to <i>identify</i> the
interests of the people and of the rulers.</blockquote> <i>D.
Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us <i>identify</i>, let us incorporate ourselves
with the people.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To establish the identity of; to prove to
be the same with something described, claimed, or asserted; as, to
<i>identify</i> stolen property.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*den"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
the same; to coalesce in interest, purpose, use, effect, etc.</def>
[Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An enlightened self-interest, which, when well
understood, they tell us will <i>identify</i> with an interest more
enlarged and public.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*den"tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Identity</u>.] <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The doctrine taught by
Schelling, that matter and mind, and subject and object, are
identical in the Absolute; -- called also the <i>system or doctrine
of identity</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*den"ti*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Identities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>identit&eacute;</i>, LL.
<i>identitas</i>, fr. L. <i>idem</i> the same, from the root of
<i>is</i> he, that; cf. Skr. <i>idam</i> this.  Cf. <u>Item</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being identical, or
the same; sameness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Identity</i> is a relation between our cognitions
of a thing, not between things themselves.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being the same with
something described or asserted, or of possessing a character
claimed; as, to establish the <i>identity</i> of stolen
goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>An identical
equation.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"de*o-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from the Gr. &?;, an
<i>idea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`de*o*gen"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
relating to ideology.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`de*og"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ideo-</i> +
<i>-geny</i>, from the same root as Gr. &?;, birth: cf. F.
<i>id&eacute;og&eacute;nie</i>.] <def>The science which treats of the
origin of ideas.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de"o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ideo-</i> +
<i>-gram</i>; cf. F. <i>id&eacute;ograme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An original, pictorial element of writing; a kind of hieroglyph
expressing no sound, but only an idea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ideograms</i> may be defined to be pictures
intended to represent either things or thoughts.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor (The Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You might even have a history without language written
or spoken, by means of <i>ideograms</i> and gesture.</blockquote>
<i>J. Peile.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol used for convenience, or for
abbreviation; as, 1, 2, 3, +, -, &?;, $, &?;, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A phonetic symbol; a letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ideogram</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>I`de*o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>I`de*o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>id&eacute;ographique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to an ideogram; representing ideas by symbols,
independently of sounds; as, 9 represents not the word "nine," but
the <i>idea</i> of the number itself.</def> --
<wf>I`de*o*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>I`de*o*graph"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
system of writing in ideographic characters; also, anything so
written.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`de*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
representation of ideas independently of sounds, or in an ideographic
manner, as sometimes is done in shorthand writing, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`de*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>id&eacute;ologique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
ideology.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`de*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
treats of ideas; one who theorizes or idealizes; one versed in the
science of ideas, or who advocates the doctrines of
ideology.</def></p>

<p>
</p>

<p><hw>I`de*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ideo-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>id&eacute;ologie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The science of ideas.</def>  <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>A theory of the origin of
ideas which derives them exclusively from sensation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By a double blunder in philosophy and Greek,
<i>id&eacute;ologie</i> . . . has in France become the name
peculiarly distinctive of that philosophy of mind which exclusively
derives our knowledge from sensation.  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>I`de*o-mo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An ideo-motor movement.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`de*o-mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ideo-</i> +
<i>motor</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Applied to those actions, or
muscular movements, which are automatic expressions of dominant
ideas, rather than the result of distinct volitional efforts, as the
act of expressing the thoughts in speech, or in writing, while the
mind is occupied in the composition of the sentence.</def>
<i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ides</hw> (&imacr;dz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>idus</i>: cf. F. <i>ides</i>.] <i>(Anc. Rom. Calendar)</i>
<def>The fifteenth day of March, May, July, and October, and the
thirteenth day of the other months.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ides</i> of March remember.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Eight days in each month often pass by this name, but only
one strictly receives it, the others being called respectively the
day before the <i>ides</i>, and so on, backward, to the eighth from
the <i>ides</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Id"i*o-</hw> (&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&osl;-). <def>A combining
form from the Greek <grk>'i`dios</grk>, meaning private, personal,
peculiar, distinct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id"i*o*blast</hw> (&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&osl;*bl&abreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ideo-</i> + <i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An individual cell, differing greatly from its neighbours in
regard to size, structure, or contents.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Id`i*o*cra"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Idiocracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*oc"ra*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Idiocrasies</b></plw> (#). [<i>Idio-</i> + Gr.
<grk>kra^sis</grk> a mixture, fr. &?; to mix: cf. F.
<i>idiocrasie</i>.] <def>Peculiarity of constitution; that
temperament, or state of constitution, which is peculiar to a person;
idiosyncrasy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Id`i*o*crat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Id`i*o*crat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Peculiar in constitution or temperament;
idiosyncratic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id"i*o*cy</hw> (&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&osl;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>idiot</i>; cf. Gr. &?; uncouthness,
want of education, fr. &?;. See <u>Idiot</u>, and cf.
<u>Idiotcy</u>.] <def>The condition or quality of being an idiot;
absence, or marked deficiency, of sense and intelligence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will undertake to convict a man of <i>idiocy</i>, if
he can not see the proof that three angles of a triangle are equal to
two right angles.</blockquote> <i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*o*cy*cloph"a*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Idio-</i> + Gr. &?; circle + &?; to appear.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Idiophanous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*o*e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Idio-</i>
+ <i>electric</i>: cf. F. <i>idio&eacute;lectrique</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Electric by virtue of its own peculiar
properties; capable of becoming electrified by friction; -- opposed
to <i>anelectric</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
idioelectric substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id"i*o*graph</hw> (&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&osl;*gr&adot;f),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; autographic; <grk>'i`dios</grk> one's
own + <grk>gra`fein</grk> to write.] <def>A mark or signature
peculiar to an individual; a trade-mark.</def></p>

<p><! p. 726 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Id`i*o*graph"ic</hw>
(&ibreve;d`&ibreve;*&osl;*gr&abreve;f"&ibreve;k),
<hw>Id`i*o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an idiograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*ol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Idio-</i> +
Gr. &?; to worship.] <def>Self-worship; excessive self-
esteem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id"i*om</hw> (&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>idiome</i>, L. <i>idioma</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>'idi`wma</grk>, fr. <grk>'idioy^n</grk> to make a person's own,
to make proper or peculiar; fr. <grk>'i`dios</grk> one's own, proper,
peculiar; prob. akin to the reflexive pronoun <grk>o"y^</grk>,
<grk>o'i^</grk>, <grk>'e`</grk>, and to <grk>"eo`s</grk>,
<grk>'o`s</grk>, one's own, L. <i>suus</i>, and to E. <i>so</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The syntactical or structural form peculiar
to any language; the genius or cast of a language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Idiom</i> may be employed loosely and figuratively
as a synonym of language or dialect, but in its proper sense it
signifies the totality of the general rules of construction which
characterize the syntax of a particular language and distinguish it
from other tongues.</blockquote> <i>G. P. Marsh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>idiom</i> is meant the use of words which is
peculiar to a particular language.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He followed their language [the Latin], but did not
comply with the <i>idiom</i> of ours.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An expression conforming or appropriate to
the peculiar structural form of a language; in extend use, an
expression sanctioned by usage, having a sense peculiar to itself and
not agreeing with the logical sense of its structural form; also, the
phrase forms peculiar to a particular author.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some that with care true eloquence shall teach,<BR>
And to just <i>idioms</i> fix our doubtful speech.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes we identify the words with the object --
though by courtesy of <i>idiom</i> rather than in strict propriety of
language.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every good writer has much <i>idiom</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not by means of rules that such <i>idioms</i> as
the following are made current: "I can <i>make nothing</i> of it."
"He <i>treats</i> his subject <i>home</i>."  <i>Dryden</i>. "It is
that within us that <i>makes for</i> righteousness." <i>M.
Arnold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gostwick (Eng. Gram.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dialect; a variant form of a
language.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dialect.  -- <u>Idiom</u>, <u>Dialect</u>. The
<i>idioms</i> of a language belong to its very structure; its
<i>dialects</i> are varieties of expression ingrafted upon it in
different localities or by different professions. Each county of
England has some peculiarities of <i>dialect</i>, and so have most of
the professions, while the great <i>idioms</i> of the language are
everywhere the same. See <u>Language</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Id`i*o*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Id`i*o*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'idiwmatiko`s</grk>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to, or conforming to, the mode of expression peculiar to a
language; as, an <i>idiomatic</i> meaning; an <i>idiomatic</i>
phrase.</def> -- <wf>Id`i*o*mat"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*o*morph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Idiomorphous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*o*morph"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'idio`morfos</grk> of peculiar form; <grk>'i`dios</grk> peculiar
+ &?; form.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a form of its
own.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Apperaing in distinct
crystals; -- said of the mineral constituents of a rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*o*mus"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Idio-</i>
+ <i>muscular</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Applied to a semipermanent
contraction of a muscle, produced by a mechanical irritant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*o*pa*thet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Idiopathic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Id`i*o*path"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Id`i*o*path"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>idiopathique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to idiopathy; characterizing a disease arising
primarily, and not in consequence of some other disease or injury; --
opposed to <i>symptomatic</i>, <i>sympathetic</i>, and
<i>traumatic</i>.</def> -- <wf>Id`i*o*path"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*op"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Idiopathies</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?;; <grk>'i`dios</grk>
proper, peculiar + &?;, &?;, to suffer: cf. F. <i>idiopathie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A peculiar, or individual, characteristic or
affection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All men are so full of their own fancies and
<i>idiopathies</i>, that they scarce have the civility to interchange
any words with a stranger.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid state or condition
not preceded or occasioned by any other disease; a primary
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*oph"a*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Idio-</i> +
&?; to appear.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Exhibiting interference
figures without the aid of a polariscope, as certain
crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id"i*o*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Idioplasma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Id`i*o*plas"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'i`dios</grk> proper, peculiar + &?; a form, mold.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That portion of the cell protoplasm which is the
seat of all active changes, and which carries on the function of
hereditary transmission; -- distinguished from the other portion,
which is termed <i>nutritive plasma</i>. See <u>Hygroplasm</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Id`i*o*re*pul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Idio-
</i> + <i>repulsive</i>.] <def>Repulsive by itself; as, the
<i>idiorepulsive</i> power of heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*o*syn"cra*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Idiosyncrasies</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?;; <grk>'i`dios</grk>
proper, peculiar + &?; a mixing together, fr. &?; to mix together;
&?; with + &?; to mix: cf. F. <i>idiosyncrasie</i>. See <u>Idiom</u>,
and <u>Crasis</u>.] <def>A peculiarity of physical or mental
constitution or temperament; a characteristic belonging to, and
distinguishing, an individual; characteristic susceptibility;
idiocrasy; eccentricity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The individual mind . . . takes its tone from the
<i>idiosyncrasies</i> of the body.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Id`i*o*syn*crat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Id`i*o*syn*crat"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of peculiar temper or disposition;
belonging to one's peculiar and individual character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id"i*ot</hw> (&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&obreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>idiot</i>, L. <i>idiota</i> an
uneducated, ignorant, ill-informed person, Gr. <grk>'idiw`ths</grk>,
also and orig., a private person, not holding public office, fr.
<grk>'i`dios</grk> proper, peculiar. See <u>Idiom</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man in private station, as distinguished
from one holding a public office.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>St. Austin affirmed that the plain places of Scripture
are sufficient to all laics, and all <i>idiots</i> or private
persons.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unlearned, ignorant, or simple person,
as distinguished from the educated; an ignoramus.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Christ was received of <i>idiots</i>, of the vulgar
people, and of the simpler sort, while he was rejected, despised, and
persecuted even to death by the high priests, lawyers, scribes,
doctors, and rabbis.</blockquote> <i>C. Blount.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A human being destitute of the ordinary
intellectual powers, whether congenital, developmental, or
accidental; commonly, a person without understanding from birth; a
natural fool; a natural; an innocent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Life . . . is a tale<BR>
Told by an <i>idiot</i>, full of sound and fury,<BR>
Signifying nothing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A fool; a simpleton; -- a term of
reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Weenest thou make an <i>idiot</i> of our
dame?</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Id"i*ot*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Idiocy</u>.]
<def>Idiocy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Id"i*ot*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rendered
idiotic; befooled.</def> [R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*o*ther"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Idio-</i> +
<i>thermic</i>.] <def>Self-heating; warmed, as the body of animal, by
process going on within itself.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Id`i*ot"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Id`i*ot"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>idioticus</i> ignorant, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>idiotique</i>. See <u>Idiot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Common;
simple.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blackwall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or like, an idiot;
characterized by idiocy; foolish; fatuous; as, an <i>idiotic</i>
person, speech, laugh, or action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*ot"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
idiotic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id`i*ot"i*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
belonging to a private man, private. See <u>Idiot</u>.] <def>A
dictionary of a peculiar dialect, or of the words and phrases
peculiar to one part of a country; a glossary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id"i*ot*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like an idiot;
foolish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id"i*ot*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>idiotisme</i>, L. <i>idiotismus</i> the way of fashion of a
private person, the common or vulgar manner of speaking, Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to put into or use common language, fr. &?;. See <u>Idiot</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An idiom; a form, mode of expression, or
signification, peculiar to a language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scholars sometimes give terminations and
<i>idiotisms</i>, suitable to their native language, unto words newly
invented.</blockquote> <i>M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lack of knowledge or mental capacity;
idiocy; foolishness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Worse than mere ignorance or
<i>idiotism</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The running that adventure is the greatist
<i>idiotism</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Id"i*ot*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
stupid.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Id"i*ot*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Idiocy.</def>
[R.]  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Idler</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Idlest</u>.] [OE. <i>idel</i>, AS.
<i>&imacr;del</i> vain, empty, useless; akin to OS.
<i>&imacr;dal</i>, D. <i>ijdel</i>, OHG. <i>&imacr;tal</i> vain,
empty, mere, G. <i>eitel</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>idel</i> mere, pure, and
prob. to Gr. &?; clear, pure, &?; to burn.  Cf. <u>Ether</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of no account; useless; vain; trifling;
unprofitable; thoughtless; silly; barren.</def> "Deserts
<i>idle</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>idle</i> word that men shall speak, they
shall give account thereof in the day of judgment.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xii. 36.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Down their <i>idle</i> weapons dropped.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>idle</i> story became important.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not called into active service; not turned
to appropriate use; unemployed; as, <i>idle</i> hours.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>idle</i> spear and shield were high
uphing.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not employed; unoccupied with business;
inactive; doing nothing; as, <i>idle</i> workmen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why stand ye here all the day
<i>idle</i>?</blockquote> <i>Matt. xx. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Given rest and ease; averse to labor or
employment; lazy; slothful; as, an <i>idle</i> fellow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Light-headed; foolish.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Idle pulley</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a pulley that
rests upon a belt to tighten it; a pulley that only guides a belt and
is not used to transmit power.</cd> -- <col><b>Idle wheel</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a gear wheel placed between two others, to
transfer motion from one to the other without changing the direction
of revolution.</cd> -- <col><b>In idle</b></col>, <cd>in vain.</cd>
[Obs.] "God saith, thou shalt not take the name of thy Lord God <i>in
idle</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unoccupied; unemployed; vacant; inactive; indolent;
sluggish; slothful; useless; ineffectual; futile; frivolous; vain;
trifling; unprofitable; unimportant.  -- <u>Idle</u>,
<u>Indolent</u>, <u>Lazy</u>. A propensity to inaction is expressed
by each of these words; they differ in the cause and degree of this
characteristic. <i>Indolent</i> denotes an habitual love to ease, a
settled dislike of movement or effort; <i>idle</i> is opposed to
<i>busy</i>, and denotes a dislike of <i>continuous</i> exertion.
<i>Lazy</i> is a stronger and more contemptuous term than
<i>indolent</i>.</p>

<p><hw>I"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Idled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Idling</u> (?).] <def>To lose or spend time in inaction, or
without being employed in business.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spend in idleness;
to waste; to consume; -- often followed by <i>away</i>; as, to
<i>idle</i> away an hour a day.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"dle-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foolish; stupid.</def> [Obs.] "The
superstitious <i>idle-headed</i> eld."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Delirious; infatuated.</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"dle*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&imacr;delnes</i>.] <def>The condition or quality of being idle
(in the various senses of that word); uselessness; fruitlessness;
triviality; inactivity; laziness.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inaction; indolence; sluggishness; sloth.</p>

<p><hw>I"dle-pat`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Idle-headed;
stupid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>I"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who idles; one who spends his time in inaction; a lazy
person; a sluggard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One who has constant day
duties on board ship, and keeps no regular watch.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>An idle wheel or pulley.
See under <u>Idle</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>I"dless</hw>, <hw>I"dlesse</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Idleness.</def> [Archaic] "In <i>ydlesse</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And an <i>idlesse</i> all the day<BR>
Beside a wandering stream.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"dly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a idle manner;
ineffectually; vainly; lazily; carelessly; (Obs.)
foolishly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id"o*crase</hw> (&ibreve;d"&osl;*kr&amacr;s; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>e'i^dos</grk> form +
<grk>kra^sis</grk> mixture, fr. <grk>keranny`nai</grk> to mix; cf. F.
<i>idocrase</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Vesuvianite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"dol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>idole</i>, F.
<i>idole</i>, L. <i>idolum</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; that which is
seen, the form, shape, figure, fr. &?; to see. See <u>Wit</u>, and
cf. <u>Eidolon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An image or
representation of anything.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Do her adore with sacred reverence,<BR>
As th' <i>idol</i> of her maker's great magnificence.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An image of a divinity; a representation
or symbol of a deity or any other being or thing, made or used as an
object of worship; a similitude of a false god.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That they should not worship devils, and <i>idols</i>
of gold.</blockquote> <i>Rev. ix. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That on which the affections are strongly
(often excessively) set; an object of passionate devotion; a person
or thing greatly loved or adored.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soldier's god and people's
<i>idol</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A false notion or conception; a
fallacy.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>idols</i> of preconceived opinion.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>I`do*las"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., for
<i>idolatre</i>.] <def>An idolater.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*dol"a*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>idol&acirc;tre</i>: cf. L. <i>idololatres</i>, Gr. &?;. See
<u>Idolatry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A worshiper of idols; one
who pays divine honors to images, statues, or representations of
anything made by hands; one who worships as a deity that which is not
God; a pagan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An adorer; a great admirer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jonson was an <i>idolater</i> of the
ancients.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*dol"a*tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
worshiper of idols.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`do*lat"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>idol&acirc;trique</i>.] <def>Idolatrous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>I*dol"a*trize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Idolatrized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Idolatrizing</u> (?).] <def>To worship idols; to pay
idolatrous worship.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*dol"a*trize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make in
idol of; to idolize.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*dol"a*trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to idolatry; partaking of
the nature of idolatry; given to idolatry or the worship of false
gods; as, <i>idolatrous</i> sacrifices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Josiah] put down the <i>idolatrous</i>
priests.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings xxiii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting in, or partaking of, an
excessive attachment or reverence; as, an <i>idolatrous</i>
veneration for antiquity.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*dol"a*trous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
idolatrous manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*dol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Idolatries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>idol&acirc;trie</i>, LL.
<i>idolatria</i>, L. <i>idololatria</i>, Fr. Gr. &?;; &?; idol + &?;
service.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The worship of idols, images, or
anything which is not God; the worship of false gods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eye surveyed the dark <i>idolatries</i><BR>
Of alienated Judah.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessive attachment or veneration for
anything; respect or love which borders on adoration.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"dol*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Idolatrous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"dol*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The worship of
idols.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>I"dol*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A worshiper of
idols.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"dol*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Idolized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Idolizing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make an idol of; to
pay idolatrous worship to; as, to <i>idolize</i> the sacred bull in
Egypt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To love to excess; to love or reverence to
adoration; as, to <i>idolize</i> gold, children, a hero.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"dol*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice
idolatry.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>idolize</i> after the manner of
Egypt.</blockquote> <i>Fairbairn.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"dol*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
idolizes or loves to the point of reverence; an idolater.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*dol"o*clast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; idol +
&?; to break.] <def>A breaker of idols; an iconoclast.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*dol`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Idol</i> + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>Descriptive of idols.</def> [R.]
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"dol*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Idolatrous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*do"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>idoneus</i>.] <def>Appropriate; suitable; proper; fit;
adequate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An ecclesiastical benefice . . . ought to be conferred
on an <i>idoneous</i> person.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Id*or"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; form + E.
<i>organ</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A morphological unit, consisting
of two or more plastids, which does not possess the positive
character of the person or stock, in distinction from the
physiological organ or <i>biorgan</i>. See <u>Morphon</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Id"ri*a*line</hw> (?), <hw>Id"ri*a*lite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>idrialine</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
bituminous substance obtained from the mercury mines of <i>Idria</i>,
where it occurs mixed with cinnabar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Id`u*me"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to ancient <i>Idumea</i>, or Edom, in Western Asia.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of Idumea, an
Edomite.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"dyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>idyllium</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; form; literally, a little form of image: cf. F.
<i>idylle</i>. See <u>Idol</u>.] <def>A short poem; properly, a short
pastoral poem; as, the <i>idyls</i> of Theocritus; also, any poem,
especially a narrative or descriptive poem, written in an eleveted
and highly finished style; also, by extension, any artless and easily
flowing description, either in poetry or prose, of simple, rustic
life, of pastoral scenes, and the like.</def> [Written also
<i>idyll</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wordsworth's solemn-thoughted
<i>idyl</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His [Goldsmith's] lovely <i>idyl</i> of the Vicar's
home.</blockquote> <i>F. Harrison.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*dyl"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or belonging
to idyls.</def></p>

<p><hw>I. e.</hw> <def>Abbreviation of Latin <i>id est</i>, that
is.</def></p>

<p><hw>If</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>if</i>,
<i>gif</i>, AS. <i>gif</i>; akin to OFries. <i>ief</i>, <i>gef</i>,
<i>ef</i>, OS. <i>ef</i>, <i>of</i>, D. <i>of</i>, or, whether, if,
G. <i>ob</i> whether, if, OHG. <i>oba</i>, <i>ibu</i>, Icel.
<i>ef</i>, Goth. <i>iba</i>, <i>ibai</i>, an interrogative particle;
properly a case form of a noun meaning, doubt (cf. OHG. <i>iba</i>
doubt, condition, Icel. <i>if</i>, <i>ef</i>, <i>ifi</i>,
<i>efi</i>), and therefore orig. meaning, on condition that.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In case that; granting, allowing, or
supposing that; -- introducing a condition or supposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tisiphone, that oft hast heard my prayer,<BR>
Assist, <i>if</i> &OElig;dipus deserve thy care.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>If</i> thou be the Son of God, command that these
stones be made bread.</blockquote> <i>Matt. iv. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whether; -- in dependent
questions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Uncertain <i>if</i> by augury or chance.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She doubts <i>if</i> two and two make
four.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><col><b>As if</b></col>, <col><b>But if</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>As</u>, <u>But</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I' faith"</hw> (?). <def>In faith; indeed; truly.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 727 !></p>

<p><hw>I*fere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. <i>in
fere</i>.] <def>Together.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig`a*su"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Igasurine</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained
from, nux vomica or St. Ignatius's bean; as, <i>igasuric</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig`a*su"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>igasura</i> the nux vomica.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid found
in nux vomica, and extracted as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig"loo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An Eskimo snow house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cavity, or
excavation, made in the snow by a seal, over its breathing hole in
the ice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig*na"tius bean`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <i>Saint
Ignatius's bean</i>, under <u>Saint</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>igneus</i>,
fr. <i>ignis</i> fire; allied to Skr. <i>agni</i>, Lith.
<i>ugnis</i>, OSlav. <i>ogne</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining
to, having the nature of, fire; containing fire; resembling fire; as,
an <i>igneous</i> appearance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Resulting from, or produced
by, the action of fire; as, lavas and basalt are <i>igneous</i>
rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig*nes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ignescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>ignescere</i> to become inflamed, fr.
<i>ignis</i> fire: cf. F. <i>ignescent</i>.] <def>Emitting sparks of
fire when struck with steel; scintillating; as, <i>ignescent</i>
stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig*nic"o*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ignis</i>
fire + <i>colere</i> to worship.] <def>A worshiper of fire.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ig*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ignifer</i>; <i>ignis</i> fire + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<def>Producing fire.</def> [R.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig*nif"lu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ignifluus</i>; <i>ignis</i> fire + <i>fluere</i> to flow.]
<def>Flowing with fire.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockerman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ignified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ignifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>ignis</i> fire + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To
form into fire.</def> [R.]  <i>Stukeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig*nig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ignigenus</i>; <i>ignis</i> fire + <i>genere</i>, <i>ginere</i>,
to beget, produce.] <def>Produced by the action of fire, as
lava.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ig*nip"o*tence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Power over
fire.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ig*nip"o*tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ignipotens</i>; <i>ignis</i> fire + <i>potens</i> powerful.]
<def>Presiding over fire; also, fiery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vulcan is called the powerful
<i>ignipotent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ig"nis fat"u*us</hw> (?); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Ignes
fatui</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>ignis</i> fire + <i>fatuus</i> foolish.
So called in allusion to its tendency to mislead travelers.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A phosphorescent light that appears, in the
night, over marshy ground, supposed to be occasioned by the
decomposition of animal or vegetable substances, or by some
inflammable gas; -- popularly called also <i>Will-with-the-wisp</i>,
or <i>Will-o'-the-wisp</i>, and <i>Jack-with-a-lantern</i>, or
<i>Jack-o'-lantern</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A misleading influence; a
decoy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scared and guided by the <i>ignis fatuus</i> of
popular superstition.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig*nite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ignited</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Igniting</u>.] [L. <i>ignitus</i>, p. p. of <i>ignire</i> to
ignite, fr. <i>ignis</i> fire. See <u>Igneous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To kindle or set on fire; as, to
<i>ignite</i> paper or wood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To subject to the action of
intense heat; to heat strongly; -- often said of incombustible or
infusible substances; as, to <i>ignite</i> iron or
platinum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig*nite"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take fire; to
begin to burn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig*nit"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being ignited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ignition</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of igniting,
kindling, or setting on fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being ignited or
kindled.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig*nit"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, produces ignition; especially, a contrivance for igniting the
powder in a torpedo or the like.</def> [Written also
<i>igniter</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ig*niv"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ignivomus</i>; <i>ignis</i> fire + <i>vomere</i> 8vomit.]
<def>Vomiting fire.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ig`no*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ignobilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>ignobilit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Ignobleness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig*no"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ignobilis</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>nobilis</i> noble: cf. F. <i>ignoble</i>.
See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Noble</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of low birth or family; not noble; not
illustrious; plebeian; common; humble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was not <i>ignoble</i> of descent.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her royal stock graft with <i>ignoble</i>
plants.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not honorable, elevated, or generous;
base.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is but a base, <i>ignoble</i> mind,<BR>
That mounts no higher than a bird can soar.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Far from the madding crowd's <i>ignoble</i>
strife.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Not a true or noble
falcon; -- said of certain hawks, as the goshawk.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Degenerate; degraded; mean; base; dishonorable;
reproachful; disgraceful; shameful; scandalous; infamous.</p>

<p><hw>Ig*no"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
ignoble.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig*no"ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or
quality of being ignoble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig*no"bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an ignoble
manner; basely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig`no*min"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ignominiosus</i>: cf. F. <i>ignominieux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Marked with ignominy; incurring public disgrace; dishonorable;
shameful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then first with fear surprised and sense of pain,<BR>
Fled <i>ignominious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deserving ignominy; despicable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One single, obscure, <i>ignominious</i>
projector.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Humiliating; degrading; as, an
<i>ignominious</i> judgment or sentence.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig`no*min"i*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ignominious manner; disgracefully; shamefully;
ingloriously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig"no*min*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ignominies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>ignominia</i> ignominy
(<i>i.e.</i>, a deprivation of one's good name); <i>in-</i> not +
<i>nomen</i> name: cf. F. <i>ignominie</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Name</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Public disgrace or dishonor;
reproach; infamy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their generals have been received with honor after
their defeat; yours with <i>ignominy</i> after conquest.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Vice begins in mistake, and ends in
<i>ignominy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ignominy</i> is the infliction of such evil as is
made dishonorable, or the deprivation of such good as is made
honorable by the Commonwealth.</blockquote> <i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act deserving disgrace; an infamous
act.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Opprobrium; reproach; dishonor.</p>

<p><hw>Ig"no*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ignominy.</def>
[R. &amp; Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I blush to think upon this <i>ignomy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig`no*ra"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., we are
ignorant. See <u>Ignore</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>We
are ignorant; we ignore; -- being the word formerly written on a bill
of indictment by a grand jury when there was not sufficient evidence
to warrant them in finding it a true bill. The phrase now used is,
"No bill," "No true bill," or "Not found," though in some
jurisdictions "Ignored" is still used.</def>  <i>Wharton (Law Dict.
). Burn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> (pl. <plw><b>Ignoramuses</b></plw> (&?;).)
<def>A stupid, ignorant person; a vain pretender to knowledge; a
dunce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>ignoramus</i> in place and power.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig"no*rance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>ignorantia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being
ignorant; the want of knowledge in general, or in relation to a
particular subject; the state of being uneducated or
uninformed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ignorance</i> is the curse of God,<BR>
Knowledge the wing wherewith we fly to heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A willful neglect or
refusal to acquire knowledge which one may acquire and it is his duty
to have.</def>  <i>Book of Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Invincible ignorance</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>,
<cd>ignorance beyond the individual's control and for which,
therefore, he is not responsible before God.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ig"no*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>ignorans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>ignorare</i> to be
ignorant. See <u>Ignore</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of
knowledge; uninstructed or uninformed; untaught;
unenlightened.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that doth not know those things which are of use
for him to know, is but an <i>ignorant</i> man, whatever he may know
besides.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unacquainted with; unconscious or unaware;
-- used with <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ignorant</i> of guilt, I fear not
shame.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unknown; undiscovered.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ignorant</i> concealment.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Alas, what <i>ignorant</i> sin have I
committed?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Resulting from ignorance; foolish;
silly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His shipping,<BR>
Poor <i>ignorant</i> baubles! -- on our terrible seas,<BR>
Like eggshells moved.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Uninstructed; untaught; unenlightened; uninformed;
unlearned; unlettered; illiterate. -- <u>Ignorant</u>,
<u>Illiterate</u>. <i>Ignorant</i> denotes want of knowledge, either
as to single subject or information in general; <i>illiterate</i>
refers to an ignorance of letters, or of knowledge acquired by
reading and study. In the Middle Ages, a great proportion of the
higher classes were <i>illiterate</i>, and yet were far from being
<i>ignorant</i>, especially in regard to war and other active
pursuits.</p>

<p><blockquote>In such business<BR>
Action is eloquence, and the eyes of the <i>ignorant</i><BR>
More learned than the ears.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the first ages of Christianity, not only the
learned and the wise, but the <i>ignorant</i> and <i>illiterate</i>,
embraced torments and death.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig"no*rant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person untaught
or uninformed; one unlettered or unskilled; an ignoramous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did I for this take pains to teach<BR>
Our zealous <i>ignorants</i> to preach?</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig"no*rant*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The spirit
of those who extol the advantage of ignorance;
obscurantism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig"no*rant*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One opposed to
the diffusion of knowledge; an obscurantist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ig"no*rant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a ignorant
manner; without knowledge; inadvertently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom therefoer ye <i>ignorantly</i> worship, him
declare I unto you.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii. 23.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig*nore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ignored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ignoring</u>.] [L. <i>ignorare</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + the
root of <i>gnarus</i> knowing, <i>noscere</i> to become acquainted
with. See <u>Know</u>, and cf. <u>Narrate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be ignorant of or not acquainted with.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Philosophy would solidly be established, if men would
more carefully distinguish those things that they know from those
that they <i>ignore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To throw out or reject as
false or ungrounded; -- said of a bill rejected by a grand jury for
want of evidence. See <u>Ignoramus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To refuse to take notice of; to
shut the eyes to; not to recognize; to disregard willfully and
causelessly; as, to <i>ignore</i> certain facts; to <i>ignore</i> the
presence of an objectionable person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ignoring</i> Italy under our feet,<BR>
And seeing things before, behind.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig*nos"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ignoscibilis</i>, fr. <i>ignoscere</i> to pardon, lit., not to
wish to know; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>gnoscere</i>, <i>noscere</i>,
to learn to know. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Know</u>.]
<def>Pardonable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ig*note"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ignotus</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>gnotus</i>, <i>notus</i>, known, p. p. of
<i>gnocere</i>, <i>nocere</i>, to learn to know.] <def>Unknown.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Sir E. Sandys.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
unknown.</def> <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*gua"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>iguana</i>,
from the native name in Hayti.  Cf. <u>Guana</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of the genus <i>Iguana</i>, a
genus of large American lizards of the family <i>Iguanid&aelig;</i>.
They are arboreal in their habits, usually green in color, and feed
chiefly upon fruits.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common iguana (<i>Iguana iguana</i>, formerly <i>Iguana
tuberculata</i>, and also called by <a href="more\iguana.htm">other
synonyms@</a>) of the West Indies and South America is sometimes five
feet long. Its flesh is highly prized as food. The <b>horned
iguana</b> (<i>Iguana cornuta</i>) has a conical horn between the
eyes.</p>

<p><hw>I*gua"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Resembling, or pertaining to, the iguana.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*gua"nid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Iguanoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*gua"no*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iguana</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, a tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of gigantic
herbivorous dinosaurs having a birdlike pelvis and large hind legs
with three-toed feet capable of supporting the entire body. Its teeth
resemble those of the iguana, whence its name. Several species are
known, mostly from the Wealden of England and Europe. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*gua"no*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>Like or pertaining to the genus Iguanodon.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*gua"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iguana</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
<i>Iguanid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ih*lang`-ih*lang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malayan,
flower of flowers.] <def>A rich, powerful, perfume, obtained from the
volatile oil of the flowers of <i>Canada odorata</i>, an East Indian
tree.</def> [Also written <i>ylang-ylang</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ih*ram"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The peculiar
dress worn by pilgrims to Mecca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ik</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [See <u>I</u>.]
<def>I.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The Northern dialectic form of <i>I</i>, in Early English,
corresponding to <i>ich</i> of the Southern.</p>

<p><hw>Il-</hw> (?). <def>A form of the prefix <i>in</i>-, not, and
<i>in</i>-, among. See <u>In-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>egl</i>.] <def>Ear
of corn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Aisle</u>.] <def>An
aisle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>H. Swinburne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Isle</u>.] <def>An
isle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il"e*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ileum</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the ileum.</def>
[Written also <i>iliac</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Iliac</u>, 1.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Ileac passion</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Ileus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Il`e*o*c&aelig;"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Ileum</i> + <i>c&aelig;cal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to the ileum and c&aelig;cum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il`e*o*col"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the ileum and colon; as, the <i>ileocolic</i>, or
ileoc&aelig;cal, valve, a valve where the ileum opens into the large
intestine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Il"e*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ile</i>,
<i>ileum</i>, <i>ilium</i>, pl. <i>ilia</i>, groin, flank.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The last, and usually the
longest, division of the small intestine; the part between the
jejunum and large intestine.</def> [Written also <i>ileon</i>, and
<i>ilium</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Ilium</u>.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p>&fist; Most modern writers restrict <i>ileum</i> to the division
of the intestine and <i>ilium</i> to the pelvic bone.</p>

<p><hw>||Il"e*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;, fr. &?; to roll up.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition due
to intestinal obstruction. It is characterized by complete
constipation, with griping pains in the abdomen, which is greatly
distended, and in the later stages by vomiting of fecal matter.
Called also <i>ileac, or iliac, passion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||I"lex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., holm oak.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The holm oak (<i>Quercus
Ilex</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A genus of evergreen trees
and shrubs, including the common holly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il"i*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Iliacus</i>, Gr.
&?;. See <u>Iliad</u>.] <def>Pertaining to ancient Ilium, or
Troy.</def>  <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il"i*ac</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>iliaque</i>. See
<u>Ileum</u>, and cf. <u>Jade</u> a stone.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or in the region of, the ilium, or
dorsal bone of the pelvis; as, the <i>iliac</i> artery.</def>
[Written also <i>ileac</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Ileac</u>, 1.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Iliac crest</b></col>, <cd>the upper margin of the
ilium.</cd> -- <col><b>Iliac passion</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Ileus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Iliac region</b></col>, <cd>a region of
the abdomen, on either side of the hypogastric regions, and below the
lumbar regions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I*li"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Iliac.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Il"i*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Ilias</i>, <i>-
adis</i>, Gr. &?;, &?; (sc. &?;), fr. &?;, &?;, Ilium, the city of
Ilus, a son of Tros, founder of Ilium, which is a poetical name of
Troy.] <def>A celebrated Greek epic poem, in twenty-four books, on
the destruction of Ilium, the ancient Troy. The Iliad is ascribed to
Homer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the ilium; iliac.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*liche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE., fr. AS.
<i>gel&imacr;c</i>.  Cf. <u>Alike</u>.] <def>Alike.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*lic"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ilex</i>,
<i>ilicis</i>, holm oak.] <def>Pertaining to, or derived from, the
holly (<i>Ilex</i>), and allied plants; as, <i>ilicic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il"i*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The bitter principle of the holly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il"i*o-</hw> (?). [From <u>Ilium</u>.] <def>A combining form
used in anatomy to denote <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation
to</i>, <i>the ilium</i>; as, <i>ilio</i>-femoral, <i>ilio</i>-
lumbar, <i>ilio</i>-psoas, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il`i*o*fem"o*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the ilium and femur; as, <i>iliofemoral</i>
ligaments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il`i*o*lum"bar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the iliac and lumbar regions; as, the
<i>iliolumbar</i> artery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il`i*o*pso"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The great flexor muscle of the hip joint, divisible into two
parts, the iliac and great psoas, -- often regarded as distinct
muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Il"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ileum</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The dorsal one of the three principal bones
comprising either lateral half of the pelvis; the dorsal or upper
part of the hip bone. See <i>Innominate bone</i>, under
<u>Innominate</u>.</def> [Written also <i>ilion</i>, and
<i>ileum</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Il`ix*an"thin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ilex</i> the
genus including the holly + Gr. &?; yellow.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
yellow dye obtained from the leaves of the holly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ilk</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>ilk</i>, OE.
<i>ilke</i> the same, AS. <i>ilca</i>.  Cf. <u>Each</u>.] <def>Same;
each; every.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Of that ilk</b></col>, <cd>denoting that a person's
surname and the title of his estate are the same; as, <i>Grant of
that ilk</i>, i.e., <i>Grant of Grant</i>.</cd>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il"ke</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ilk</u>.]
<def>Same.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Il*kon"</hw>, <hw>Il*koon"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [See <u>Ilk</u>, and <u>One</u>.] <def>Each
one; every one.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ill</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [The regular comparative
and superlative are wanting, their places being supplied by
<i>worse</i> (&?;) and <i>worst</i> (&?;), from another root.] [OE.
<i>ill</i>, <i>ille</i>, Icel. <i>illr</i>; akin to Sw. <i>illa</i>,
adv., Dan. <i>ilde</i>, adv.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contrary to
good, in a physical sense; contrary or opposed to advantage,
happiness, etc.; bad; evil; unfortunate; disagreeable;
unfavorable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither is it <i>ill</i> air only that maketh an
<i>ill</i> seat, but <i>ill</i> ways, <i>ill</i> markets, and
<i>ill</i> neighbors.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There 's some <i>ill</i> planet reigns.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contrary to good, in a moral sense; evil;
wicked; wrong; iniquitious; naughtly; bad; improper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of his own body he was ill, and gave<BR>
The clergy <i>ill</i> example.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sick; indisposed; unwell; diseased;
disordered; as, <i>ill</i> of a fever.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am in health, I breathe, and see thee
<i>ill</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not according with rule, fitness, or
propriety; incorrect; rude; unpolished; inelegant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That 's an <i>ill</i> phrase.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ill at ease</b></col>, <cd>uneasy; uncomfortable;
anxious.</cd> "I am very <i>ill at ease</i>." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Ill blood</b></col>, <cd>enmity; resentment.</cd> --
<col><b>Ill breeding</b></col>, <cd>want of good breeding;
rudeness.</cd> -- <col><b>Ill fame</b></col>, <cd>ill or bad repute;
as, a house of <i>ill fame</i>, a house where lewd persons meet for
illicit intercourse.</cd> -- <col><b>Ill humor</b></col>, <cd>a
disagreeable mood; bad temper.</cd> -- <col><b>Ill nature</b></col>,
<cd>bad disposition or temperament; sullenness; esp., a disposition
to cause unhappiness to others.</cd> -- <col><b>Ill temper</b></col>,
<cd>anger; moroseness; crossness.</cd> -- <col><b>Ill turn</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An unkind act.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
slight attack of illness.</cd> [Colloq. U.S.] -- <col><b>Ill
will</b></col>, <cd>unkindness; enmity; malevolence.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bad; evil; wrong; wicked; sick; unwell.</p>

<p><! p. 728 !></p>

<p><hw>Ill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Whatever annoys or impairs happiness, or prevents success; evil
of any kind; misfortune; calamity; disease; pain; as, the <i>ills</i>
of humanity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who can all sense of others' <i>ills</i> escape<BR>
Is but a brute at best in human shape.</blockquote> <i>Tate.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That makes us rather bear those <i>ills</i> we
have<BR>
Than fly to others that we know not of.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whatever is contrary to good, in a moral
sense; wickedness; depravity; iniquity; wrong; evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strong virtue, like strong nature, struggles
still,<BR>
Exerts itself, and then throws off the <i>ill</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ill</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a ill manner; badly;
weakly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>ill</i> this taper burns!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ill</i> fares the land, to hastening ills a
prey,<BR>
Where wealth accumulates and men decay.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ill</i>, like <i>above</i>, <i>well</i>, and <i>so</i>,
is used before many participal adjectives, in its usual adverbal
sense. When the two words are used as an epithet preceding the noun
qualified they are commonly hyphened; in other cases they are written
separatively; as, an <i>ill</i>-educated man; he was <i>ill</i>
educated; an <i>ill</i>-formed plan; the plan, however <i>ill</i>
formed, was acceptable. Ao, also, the following: <i>ill</i>-affected
or <i>ill</i> affected, <i>ill</i>-arranged or <i>ill</i> arranged,
<i>ill</i>-assorted or <i>ill</i> assorted, <i>ill</i>-boding or
<i>ill</i> boding, <i>ill</i>-bred or <i>ill</i> bred, <i>ill</i>-
conditioned, <i>ill</i>-conducted, <i>ill</i>-considered, <i>ill</i>-
devised, <i>ill</i>-disposed, <i>ill</i>-doing, <i>ill</i>-fairing,
<i>ill</i>-fated, <i>ill</i>-favored, <i>ill</i>-featured,
<i>ill</i>-formed, <i>ill</i>-gotten, <i>ill</i>-imagined,
<i>ill</i>-judged, <i>ill</i>-looking, <i>ill</i>-mannered,
<i>ill</i>-matched, <i>ill</i>-meaning, <i>ill</i>-minded,
<i>ill</i>-natured, <i>ill</i>-omened, <i>ill</i>-proportioned,
<i>ill</i>-provided, <i>ill</i>-required, <i>ill</i>-sorted,
<i>ill</i>-starred, <i>ill</i>-tempered, <i>ill</i>-timed,
<i>ill</i>-trained, <i>ill</i>-used, and the like.</p>

<p><hw>I' ll</hw> (?). <def>Contraction for <i>I will</i> or <i>I
shall</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>I'll</i> by a sign give notice to our
friends.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lab"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
falling or erring; infalliable.</def> [Obs.] --
<wf>Il`la*bil"i*ty</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Il*lac"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illacerabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>illac&eacute;rable</i>. See <u>In-
</u> not, and <u>Lacerable</u>.] <def>Not lacerable; incapable of
being torn or rent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Il*lac"ry*ma*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illacrimabilis</i>; pref. <i>il-</i> not + <i>lacrimabilis</i>
worthy of tears.] <def>Incapable of weeping.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*laps"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>il-</i>
not + <i>lapsable</i>.] <def>Incapable of slipping, or of
error.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Morally immutable and <i>illapsable</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lapse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Illapsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Illapsing</u>.] [L. <i>illapsus</i>, p. p. of <i>illabi</i>; pref.
<i>il-</i> in + <i>labi</i> to fall, slide.] <def>To fall or glide;
to pass; -- usually followed by <i>into</i>.</def>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lapse"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>illapsus</i>. See
<u>Illapse</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A gliding in; an
immisson or entrance of one thing into another; also, a sudden
descent or attack.</def>  <i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They sit silent . . . waiting for an <i>illapse</i> of
the spirit.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*la"que*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being insnared or entrapped.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*la"que*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Illaqueated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Illaqueating</u>.] [L. <i>illaqueatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>illaqueare</i>; pref. <i>il-</i> in + <i>laqueare</i> to insnare,
fr. <i>laqueus</i>, noose, snare.] <def>To insnare; to entrap; to
entangle; to catch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not the surpassing eloquence of Taylor dazzle you,
nor his scholastic retiary versatility of logic <i>illaqueate</i>
your good sense.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*la`que*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of catching or insnaring.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A snare; a trap.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>illatio</i>,
fr. <i>illatus</i>, used as p. p. of <i>inferre</i> to carry or bring
in, but from a different root: cf. F. <i>illation</i>. See 1st <u>In-
</u>, and <u>Tolerate</u>, and cf. <u>Infer</u>.] <def>The act or
process of inferring from premises or reasons; perception of the
connection between ideas; that which is inferred; inference;
deduction; conclusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fraudulent deductions or inconsequent <i>illations</i>
from a false conception of things.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il"la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illativus</i>: cf. F. <i>illatif</i>.] <def>Relating to, dependent
on, or denoting, illation; inferential; conclusive; as, an
<i>illative</i> consequence or proposition; an <i>illative</i> word,
as <i>then</i>, <i>therefore</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Illative conversion</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>a
converse or reverse statement of a proposition which in that form
must be true because the original proposition is true.</cd> --
<col><b>Illative sense</b></col> <i>(Metaph.)</i>, <cd>the faculty of
the mind by which it apprehends the conditions and determines upon
the correctness of inferences.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Il"la*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An illative
particle, as <i>for</i>, <i>because</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il"la*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By inference;
as an illative; in an illative manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*laud"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illaudabilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Laudable</u>.]
<def>Not laudable; not praise-worthy; worthy of censure or
disapprobation.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Il*laud"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ill`-bod"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Boding evil;
inauspicious; ill-omened.</def> "<i>Ill-boding</i> stars."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ill"-bred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Badly educated
or brought up; impolite; incivil; rude. See Note under <u>Ill</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lec`e*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Illecebrous</u>.] <def>Allurement.</def> [R.]  <i>T.
Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lec"e*brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illecebrosus</i>, fr. <i>illecebra</i> allurement, fr.
<i>illicere</i> to allure.] <def>Alluring; attractive;
enticing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*le"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>il-</i> not
+ <i>legal</i>: cf. F. <i>ill&eacute;gal</i>.] <def>Not according to,
or authorized by, law; specif., contrary to, or in violation of,
human law; unlawful; illicit; hence, immoral; as, an <i>illegal</i>
act; <i>illegal</i> trade; <i>illegal</i> love.</def>  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il`le*gal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Illegalities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>ill&eacute;galit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or condition of
being illegal; unlawfulness; as, the <i>illegality</i> of trespass or
of false imprisonment; also, an illegal act.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*le"gal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Illegalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Illegalizing</u> (?).] <def>To make or declare
illegal or unlawful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*le"gal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a illegal
manner; unlawfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*le"gal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Illegality,
unlawfulness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*leg`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being illegible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*leg"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being read; not legible; as, <i>illegible</i> handwriting; an
<i>illegible</i> inscription.</def> -- <wf>Il*leg"i*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Il*leg"i*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Il`le*git"i*ma*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being illegitimate.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il`le*git"i*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not according to law; not regular or
authorized; unlawful; improper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unlawfully begotten; born out of wedlock;
bastard; as, an <i>illegitimate</i> child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not legitimately deduced or inferred;
illogical; as, an <i>illegitimate</i> inference.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not authorized by good usage; not genuine;
spurious; as, an <i>illegitimate</i> word.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Illegitimate fertilization</b></col>, or
<col><b>Illegitimate union</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
fertilization of pistils by stamens not of their own length, in
heterogonously dimorphic and trimorphic flowers.</cd>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il`le*git"i*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Illegitimated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Illegitimating</u>.] <def>To render
illegitimate; to declare or prove to be born out of wedlock; to
bastardize; to illegitimatize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The marriage should only be dissolved for the future,
without <i>illegitimating</i> the issue.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il`le*git"i*mate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
illegitimate manner; unlawfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il`le*git`i*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of illegitimating;
bastardizing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being illegitimate;
illegitimacy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Gardiner had performed his promise to the queen of
getting her <i>illegitimation</i> taken off.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il`le*git"i*ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render illegitimate; to bastardize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*le"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>il-</i>
not + L. <i>laedere</i>, <i>laesum</i>, to injure.] <def>Not
injurious; harmless.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Il*lev"i*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
leviable; incapable of being imposed, or collected.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ill`-fa"vored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting
beauty or attractiveness; deformed; ugly; ill-looking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ill-favored</i> and lean-fleshed.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xli. 3.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ill`-fa"vored*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ill`-
fa"vored*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Il*lib"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illiberalis</i>; pref. <i>il-</i> not + <i>liberalis</i> liberal:
cf. F. <i>illib&eacute;ral</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not liberal;
not free or generous; close; niggardly; mean; sordid.</def> "A
thrifty and <i>illiberal</i> hand."  <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indicating a lack of breeding, culture,
and the like; ignoble; rude; narrow-minded; disingenuous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not well authorized or elegant; as,
<i>illiberal</i> words in Latin.</def> [R.]  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lib"er*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Illiberality.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Il*lib`er*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illiberalitas</i>: cf. F. <i>illib&eacute;ralit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The state or quality of being illiberal; narrowness of mind;
meanness; niggardliness.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lib"er*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Illiberalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Illiberalizing</u> (?).] <def>To make
illiberal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lib"er*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
illiberal manner, ungenerously; uncharitably;
parsimoniously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lib"er*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being illiberal; illiberality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lic"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>illicitus</i>;
pref. <i>il-</i> not + <i>licitus</i>, p. p. of <i>licere</i> to be
allowed or permitted: cf. F. <i>illicite</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>License</u>.] <def>Not permitted or allowed; prohibited; unlawful;
as, <i>illicit</i> trade; <i>illicit</i> intercourse; <i>illicit</i>
pleasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>illicit</i> . . . transaction always leads to
another.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Il*lic"it*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Il*lic"it*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Il*lic"it*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Illicit.</def> [R.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Il*li"ci*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called, in
allusion to its aroma, from L. <i>illicium</i> an allurement.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of Asiatic and American magnoliaceous
trees, having star-shaped fruit; star anise. The fruit of <i>Illicium
anisatum</i> is used as a spice in India, and its oil is largely used
in Europe for flavoring cordials, being almost identical with true
oil of anise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*light"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
enlighten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Il*lim"it*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>il-
</i> not + <i>limitable</i>: cf. F. <i>illimitable</i>.]
<def>Incapable of being limited or bounded; immeasurable; limitless;
boundless; as, <i>illimitable</i> space.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wild, the irregular, the <i>illimitable</i>, and
the luxuriant, have their appropriate force of beauty.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Boundless; limitless; unlimited; unbounded;
immeasurable; infinite; immense; vast.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Il*lim"it*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Il*lim"it*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Il*lim`it*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>il-
</i> not + <i>limitation</i>: cf. F. <i>illimitation</i>.] <def>State
of being illimitable; want of, or freedom from, limitation.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lim"it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not limited;
interminable.</def> <i>Bp. Hall.</i> -- <wf>Il*lim"it*ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The absoluteness and <i>illimitedness</i> of his
commission was generally much spoken of.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il`li*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illinire</i>, <i>illinere</i>, to besmear; pref. <i>il-</i> in, on
+ <i>linire</i>, <i>linere</i>, to smear.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
smearing or rubbing in or on; also, that which is smeared or rubbed
on, as ointment or liniment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thin crust of some extraneous substance
formed on minerals.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A thin crust or <i>illinition</i> of black
manganese.</blockquote> <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il`li*nois"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of North American Indians, which
formerly occupied the region between the Wabash and Mississippi
rivers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il`li*qua"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>il-
</i> in + L. <i>liquare</i> to melt.] <def>The melting or dissolving
of one thing into another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ill"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
ill.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*li"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>illisio</i>,
fr. <i>illidere</i>, <i>illisum</i>, to strike against; pref. <i>il-
</i> in + <i>laedere</i> to strike.] <def>The act of dashing or
striking against.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lit"er*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Illiteracies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Illiterate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being illiterate, or uneducated;
want of learning, or knowledge; ignorance; specifically, inability to
read and write; as, the <i>illiteracy</i> shown by the last
census.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instance of ignorance; a literary
blunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The many blunders and <i>illiteracies</i> of the first
publishers of his [Shakespeare's] works.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lit"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
literal.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Dawson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lit"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illiteratus</i>: pref. <i>il-</i> not + <i>literatus</i> learned.
See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Literal</u>.] <def>Ignorant of letters or
books; unlettered; uninstructed; uneducated; as, an <i>illiterate</i>
man, or people.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ignorant; untaught; unlearned; unlettered;
unscholary. See <u>Ignorant</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Il*lit"er*ate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Il*lit"er*ate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Il*lit"er*a*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
learning; illiteracy.</def> [R.]  <i>Ayliffe. Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ill"-judged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not well
judged; unwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ill"-lived`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Leading a
wicked life.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ill"-look`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a bad
look; threatening; ugly. See Note under <u>Ill</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ill`-man"nered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impolite;
rude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ill"-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ill-
disposed.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ill`-na"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of habitual bad temper; peevish; fractious;
cross; crabbed; surly; as, an <i>ill-natured</i> person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dictated by, or indicating, ill nature;
spiteful.</def> "The <i>ill-natured</i> task refuse."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Intractable; not yielding to
culture.</def> [R.] "<i>Ill-natured</i> land."  <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ill`-na"tured*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ill`-
na"tured*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ill"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Ill</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being ill, evil, or bad;
badness; unfavorableness.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>illness</i> of the
weather."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disease; indisposition; malady; disorder
of health; sickness; as, a short or a severe
<i>illness</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wrong moral conduct; wickedness.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Malady; disease; indisposition; ailment.  --
<u>Illness</u>, <u>Sickness</u>. Within the present century, there
has been a tendency in England to use <i>illness</i> in the sense of
a continuous disease, disorder of health, or sickness, and to confine
<i>sickness</i> more especially to a sense of nausea, or "sickness of
the stomach."</p>

<p><hw>Ill"-nur`tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ill-
bred.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il`lo*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
locality or place.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ignorant or
negligent of the rules of logic or correct reasoning; as, an
<i>illogical</i> disputant; contrary of the rules of logic or sound
reasoning; as, an <i>illogical</i> inference.</def> --
<wf>Il*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Il*log"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ill`-o"mened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
unlucky omens; inauspicious. See Note under <u>Ill</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ill"-starred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fated to be
unfortunate; unlucky; as, an <i>ill-starred</i> man or day.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ill`-tem"pered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of bad temper; morose; crabbed; sour;
peevish; fretful; quarrelsome.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unhealthy; ill-conditioned.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>ill-tempered</i> I am grown, that I am afraid I
shall catch cold, while all the world is afraid to melt
away.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ill"-timed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Done,
attempted, or said, at an unsuitable or unpropitious time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ill`treat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat
cruelly or improperly; to ill use; to maltreat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Illuded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Illuding</u>.] [L. <i>illudere</i>, <i>illusum</i>; pref. <i>il-
</i> in + <i>ludere</i> to play: cf. OF. <i>illuder</i>. See
<u>Ludicrous</u>.] <def>To play upon by artifice; to deceive; to
mock; to excite and disappoint the hopes of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Illumed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Illuming</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>illuminer</i>. See <u>Illuminate</u>.]
<def>To throw or spread light upon; to make light or bright; to
illuminate; to illumine.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mountain's brow,<BR>
<i>Illumed</i> with fluid gold.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being illuminated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illuminans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>illuminare</i>.]
<def>That which illuminates or affords light; as, gas and petroleum
are <i>illuminants</i>.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Illuminative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Illuminated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Illuminating</u> (?).] [L. <i>illuminatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>illuminare</i>; pref. <i>il-</i> in + <i>luminare</i> to
enlighten, fr. <i>lumen</i> light. See <u>Luminous</u>, and cf.
<u>Illume</u>, <u>Illumine</u>, <u>Enlimn</u>, <u>Limn</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make light; to throw light on; to supply
with light, literally or figuratively; to brighten.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To light up; to decorate with artificial
lights, as a building or city, in token of rejoicing or
respect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To adorn, as a book or page with borders,
initial letters, or miniature pictures in colors and gold, as was
done in manuscripts of the Middle Ages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make plain or clear; to dispel the
obscurity to by knowledge or reason; to explain; to elucidate; as, to
<i>illuminate</i> a text, a problem, or a duty.</def></p>

<p><! p. 729 !></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To light
up in token or rejoicing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illuminatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Enlightened.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*nate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
enlightened; esp., a pretender to extraordinary light and
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Il*lu`mi*na"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illuminatus</i>. See <u>Illuminate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>Illuminee</u>.] <def>Literally, those who are
enlightened</def>; -- variously applied as follows: --</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Persons in the early church
who had received baptism; in which ceremony a lighted taper was given
them, as a symbol of the spiritual illumination they has received by
that sacrament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>Members of a sect
which sprung up in Spain about the year 1575. Their principal
doctrine was, that, by means of prayer, they had attained to so
perfect a state as to have no need of ordinances, sacraments, good
works, etc.; -- called also <i>Alumbrados</i>,
<i>Perfectibilists</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mod. Hist.)</i> <def>Members of certain
associations in Modern Europe, who combined to promote social
reforms, by which they expected to raise men and society to
perfection, esp. of one originated in 1776 by Adam Weishaupt,
professor of canon law at Ingolstadt, which spread rapidly for a
time, but ceased after a few years.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> Also applied to: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
obscure sect of French Familists;</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
Hesychasts, Mystics, and Quietists;</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The Rosicrucians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any persons who profess special spiritual
or intellectual enlightenment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*na`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving or
producing light; used for illumination.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Illuminating gas</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Gas</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illuminatio</i>: cf. F. <i>illumination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of illuminating, or supplying with light; the state of
being illuminated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Festive decoration of houses or buildings
with lights.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Adornment of books and manuscripts with
colored illustrations. See <u>Illuminate</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is illuminated, as a house;
also, an ornamented book or manuscript.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which illuminates or gives light;
brightness; splendor; especially, intellectual light or
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>illumination</i> which a bright genius giveth
to his work.</blockquote> <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The special communication
of knowledge to the mind by God; inspiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hymns and psalms . . . are framed by meditation
beforehand, or by prophetical <i>illumination</i> are
inspired.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*na*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Illuminism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>illuminatif</i>.] <def>Tending to illuminate or illustrate;
throwing light; illustrative.</def> "<i>Illuminative</i> reading."
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an
enlightener, LL. also, an illuminator of books.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One whose occupation is to adorn books, especially manuscripts,
with miniatures, borders, etc. See <u>Illuminate</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A condenser or reflector of light in
optical apparatus; also, an illuminant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>illuminer</i>. See <u>Illuminate</u>.] <def>To illuminate; to
light up; to adorn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu`mi*nee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>illumin&eacute;</i>.  Cf. <u>Illuminati</u>.] <def>One of the
Illuminati.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, illuminates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>illuminisme</i>.] <def>The principles of the Illuminati.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu`mi*nis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to illuminism, or the Illuminati.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Illuminized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Illuminizing</u> (?).] <def>To initiate the doctrines
or principles of the Illuminati.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"mi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bright;
clear.</def> [R.]  <i>H. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>il-</i>
in + <i>lure</i>.] <def>To deceive; to entice; to lure.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The devil insnareth the souls of many men, by
<i>illuring</i> them with the muck and dung of this
world.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ill`-used"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Misapplied;
treated badly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>illusion</i>,
L. <i>illusio</i>, fr. <i>illu</i>dere, <i>illusum</i>, to illude.
See <u>Illude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An unreal image presented
to the bodily or mental vision; a deceptive appearance; a false show;
mockery; hallucination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To cheat the eye with blear
<i>illusions</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Anything agreeably fascinating and
charming; enchantment; witchery; glamour.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye soft <i>illusions</i>, dear deceits,
arise!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A sensation originated
by some external object, but so modified as in any way to lead to an
erroneous perception; as when the rolling of a wagon is mistaken for
thunder.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some modern writers distinguish between an <i>illusion</i>
and <i>hallucination</i>, regarding the former as originating with
some external object, and the latter as having no objective occasion
whatever.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A plain, delicate lace, usually of silk,
used for veils, scarfs, dresses, etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Delusion; mockery; deception; chimera; fallacy. See
<u>Delusion</u>. <u>Illusion</u>, <u>Delusion</u>. <i>Illusion</i>
refers particularly to errors of the sense; <i>delusion</i> to false
hopes or deceptions of the mind. An optical deception is an
<i>illusion</i>; a false opinion is a <i>delusion</i>.  <i>E.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"sion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to
illusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One given to
illusion; a visionary dreamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Illude</u>.]
<def>Deceiving by false show; deceitful; deceptive; false; illusory;
unreal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Truth from <i>illusive</i> falsehood to
command.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a illusive
manner; falsely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being illusive; deceptiveness; false show.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lu"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>illusore</i>.] <def>Deceiving, or tending of deceive; fallacious;
illusive; as, <i>illusory</i> promises or hopes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lus"tra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
illustration.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lus"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Illustrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Illustrating</u> (?).] [L. <i>illustratus</i>, p. p.
of <i>illustrare</i> to illustrate, fr. <i>illustris</i> bright. See
<u>Illustrious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make clear, bright,
or luminous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here, when the moon <i>illustrates</i> all the
sky.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set in a clear light; to exhibit
distinctly or conspicuously.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To prove him, and <i>illustrate</i> his high
worth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make clear, intelligible, or
apprehensible; to elucidate, explain, or exemplify, as by means of
figures, comparisons, and examples.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with pictures, as a book or a
subject; to elucidate with pictures, as a history or a
romance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To give renown or honor to; to make
illustrious; to glorify.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Matter to me of glory, whom their hate<BR>
<i>Illustrates</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lus"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illustratus</i>, p. p.] <def>Illustrated; distinguished;
illustrious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This most gallant, <i>illustrate</i>, and learned
gentleman.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il`lus*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illustratio</i>: cf. F. <i>illustration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of illustrating; the act of making clear and distinct;
education; also, the state of being illustrated, or of being made
clear and distinct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which illustrates; a comparison or
example intended to make clear or apprehensible, or to remove
obscurity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A picture designed to decorate a volume or
elucidate a literary work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lus"tra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending or designed to illustrate, exemplify,
or elucidate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Making illustrious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Il*lus"tra*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
illustration or elucidation.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lus"tra*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who illustrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lus"tra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving
to illustrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lus"tri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>illustris</i>, prob. for <i>illuxtris</i>; fr. <i>il-</i> in + the
root of <i>lucidus</i> bright: cf. F. <i>illustre</i>. See
<u>Lucid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing luster or
brightness; brilliant; luminous; splendid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quench the light; thine eyes are guides
<i>illustrious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by greatness, nobleness,
etc.; eminent; conspicuous; distinguished.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Illustrious</i> earls, renowened
everywhere.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Conferring luster or honor; renowned; as,
<i>illustrious</i> deeds or titles.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Distinguished; famous; remarkable; brilliant;
conspicuous; noted; celebrated; signal; renowened; eminent; exalted;
noble; glorious. See <u>Distinguished</u>, <u>Famous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Il*lus"tri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
illustrious manner; conspicuously; eminently; famously.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Il*lus"tri*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being eminent; greatness; grandeur; glory;
fame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*lus"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>il-</i>
not + <i>lustrous</i>.] <def>Without luster.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><hw>Il`lu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>il-</i>
in + L. <i>lutum</i> mud: cf. F. <i>illutation</i>.] <def>The act or
operation of smearing the body with mud, especially with the sediment
from mineral springs; a mud bath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il`lux*u"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
luxurious.</def> [R.]  <i>Orrery.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ill`-will"</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Ill</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ill`-wish"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
wishes ill to another; an enemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [A word not fully
approved, but sometimes used for the adverb <i>ill</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Il"men*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>Ilmen</i>, a branch of the Ural Mountains.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Titanic iron. See <u>Menaccanite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il*me"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ilmenite</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A supposed element claimed to
have been discovered by R.Harmann.</def></p>

<p><hw>Il"va*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>Ilva</i>,
the island now called Elba.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A silicate of iron
and lime occurring in black prismatic crystals and columnar
masses.</def></p>

<p><hw>I'm</hw> (?). <def>A contraction of <i>I am</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im-</hw> (?). <def>A form of the prefix <i>in-</i> not, and
<i>in-</i> in. See <u>In-</u>. <i>Im-</i> also occurs in composition
with some words not of Latin origin; as, <i>im</i>bank,
<i>im</i>bitter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>imago</i>, <i>imaginis</i>, from the root of <i>imitari</i> to
imitate. See <u>Imitate</u>, and cf. <u>Imagine</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An imitation, representation, or similitude
of any person, thing, or act, sculptured, drawn, painted, or
otherwise made perceptible to the sight; a visible presentation; a
copy; a likeness; an effigy; a picture; a semblance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even like a stony <i>image</i>, cold and
numb.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose is this <i>image</i> and
superscription?</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxii. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This play is the <i>image</i> of a murder done in
Vienna.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And God created man in his own
<i>image</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: The likeness of anything to which
worship is paid; an idol.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven <i>image</i>,
. . . thou shalt not bow down thyself to them.</blockquote> <i>Ex.
xx. 4, 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Show; appearance; cast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The face of things a frightful <i>image</i>
bears.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A representation of anything to the mind;
a picture drawn by the fancy; a conception; an idea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can we conceive<BR>
<i>Image</i> of aught delightful, soft, or great?</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A picture, example, or
illustration, often taken from sensible objects, and used to
illustrate a subject; usually, an extended metaphor.</def>  <i>Brande
& C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The figure or picture of any
object formed at the focus of a lens or mirror, by rays of light from
the several points of the object symmetrically refracted or reflected
to corresponding points in such focus; this may be received on a
screen, a photographic plate, or the retina of the eye, and viewed
directly by the eye, or with an eyeglass, as in the telescope and
microscope; the likeness of an object formed by reflection; as, to
see one's <i>image</i> in a mirror.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Electrical image</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Electrical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Image breaker</b></col>, <cd>one
who destroys images; an iconoclast.</cd> -- <col><b>Image
graver</b></col>, <col><b>Image maker</b></col>, <cd>a sculptor.</cd>
-- <col><b>Image worship</b></col>, <cd>the worship of images as
symbols; iconolatry distinguished from idolatry; the worship of
images themselves.</cd> -- <col><b>Image Purkinje</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the image of the retinal blood vessels
projected in, not merely on, that membrane.</cd> -- <col><b>Virtual
image</b></col> <i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>a point or system of points, on
one side of a mirror or lens, which, if it existed, would emit the
system of rays which actually exists on the other side of the mirror
or lens.</cd>  <i>Clerk Maxwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imaging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To represent or form an
image of; as, the still lake <i>imaged</i> the shore; the mirror
<i>imaged</i> her figure.</def> "Shrines of <i>imaged</i> saints."
<i>J. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To represent to the mental vision; to form
a likeness of by the fancy or recollection; to imagine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Condemn'd whole years in absence to deplore,<BR>
And <i>image</i> charms he must behold no more.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"age*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
imaged.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im"age*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
image.</def>  <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who images or
forms likenesses; a sculptor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Praxiteles was ennobled for a rare
<i>imager</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"age*ry</hw> (&ibreve;m"&asl;j*r&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>imagerie</i>, F. <i>imagerie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The work of one who makes images or visible
representation of objects; imitation work; images in general, or in
mass.</def> "Painted <i>imagery</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In those oratories might you see<BR>
Rich carvings, portraitures, and <i>imagery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Unreal show; imitation;
appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What can thy <i>imagery</i> of sorrow
mean?</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The work of the imagination or fancy;
false ideas; imaginary phantasms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>imagery</i> of a melancholic
fancy.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Rhetorical decoration in writing or
speaking; vivid descriptions presenting or suggesting images of
sensible objects; figures in discourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I wish there may be in this poem any instance of good
<i>imagery</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag`i*na*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capacity for imagination.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag"i*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imaginabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>imaginable</i>.] <def>Capable of being
imagined; conceivable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men sunk into the greatest darkness
<i>imaginable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im*ag"i*na*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*ag"i*na*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imaginalis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by
imagination; imaginative; also, given to the use or rhetorical
figures or imagins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to an
imago.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Imaginal disks</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>masses
of hypodermic cells, carried by the larv&aelig; of some insects after
leaving the egg, from which masses the wings and legs of the adult
are subsequently formed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imaginans</i>, p. pr. of <i>imaginari</i>: cf. F.
<i>imaginant</i>.] <def>Imagining; conceiving.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An imaginer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag"i*na*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In a
imaginary manner; in imagination.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag"i*na*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being imaginary; unreality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag"i*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imaginarius</i>: cf. F. <i>imaginaire</i>.] <def>Existing only in
imagination or fancy; not real; fancied; visionary; ideal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wilt thou add to all the griefs I suffer<BR>
<i>Imaginary</i> ills and fancied tortures?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Imaginary calculus</b></col> <cd>See under
<u>Calculus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Imaginary expression</b></col> or
<col><b>quantity</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>an algebraic expression
which involves the impossible operation of taking the square root of
a negative quantity; as, <i>&radic;-9</i>, <i>a + b &radic;-
1</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Imaginary points</b></col>,
<col><b>lines</b></col>, <col><b>surfaces</b></col>, etc.
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>points, lines, surfaces, etc., imagined to exist,
although by reason of certain changes of a figure they have in fact
ceased to have a real existence.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ideal; fanciful; chimerical; visionary; fancied;
unreal; illusive.</p>

<p><hw>Im*ag"i*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>An
imaginary expression or quantity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imaginative.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>imaginacionum</i>, F. <i>imagination</i>, fr. L.
<i>imaginatio</i>. See <u>Imagine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
imagine-making power of the mind; the power to create or reproduce
ideally an object of sense previously perceived; the power to call up
mental imagines.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our simple apprehension of corporeal objects, if
present, is sense; if absent, is <i>imagination</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Imagination</i> is of three kinds: joined with
belief of that which is to come; joined with memory of that which is
past; and of things present, or as if they were present.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The representative power; the power to
reconstruct or recombine the materials furnished by direct
apprehension; the complex faculty usually termed the <i>plastic</i>
or <i>creative</i> power; the fancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>imagination</i> of common language -- the
productive <i>imagination</i> of philosophers -- is nothing but the
representative process plus the process to which I would give the
name of the "comparative."</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The power of the mind to decompose its conceptions,
and to recombine the elements of them at its pleasure, is called its
faculty of <i>imagination</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The business of conception is to present us with an
exact transcript of what we have felt or perceived. But we have
moreover a power of modifying our conceptions, by combining the parts
of different ones together, so as to form new wholes of our creation.
I shall employ the word <i>imagination</i> to express this
power.</blockquote> <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The power to recombine the materials
furnished by experience or memory, for the accomplishment of an
elevated purpose; the power of conceiving and expressing the
ideal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lunatic, the lover, and the poet<BR>
Are of <i>imagination</i> all compact . . . <BR>
The poet's eye, in a fine frenzy rolling,<BR>
Doth glance from heaven to earth, from earth to heaven,<BR>
And as <i>imagination</i> bodies forth<BR>
The forms of things unknown, the poet's pen<BR>
Turns them to shapes, and gives to airy nothing<BR>
A local habitation and a name.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mental image formed by the action of the
imagination as a faculty; a conception; a notion.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Conception; idea; conceit; fancy; device;
origination; invention; scheme; design; purpose; contrivance. --
<u>Imagination</u>, <u>Fancy</u>. These words have, to a great
extent, been interchanged by our best writers, and considered as
strictly synonymous. A distinction, however, is now made between them
which more fully exhibits their nature. Properly speaking, they are
different exercises of the same general power -- the plastic or
creative faculty. <i>Imagination</i> consists in taking parts of our
conceptions and combining them into new forms and images more select,
more striking, more delightful, more terrible, etc., than those of
ordinary nature. It is the higher exercise of the two. It creates by
laws more closely connected with the reason; it has <i>strong
emotion</i> as its actuating and formative cause; it aims at results
of a definite and weighty character. Milton's fiery lake, the debates
of his Pandemonium, the exquisite scenes of his Paradise, are all
products of the imagination. <i>Fancy</i> moves on a lighter wing; it
is governed by laws of association which are more remote, and
sometimes arbitrary or capricious. Hence the term <i>fanciful</i>,
which exhibits fancy in its wilder flights. It has for its actuating
spirit feelings of a lively, gay, and versatile character; it seeks
to please by unexpected combinations of thought, startling contrasts,
flashes of brilliant imagery, etc. Pope's Rape of the Lock is an
exhibition of fancy which has scarcely its equal in the literature of
any country. -- "This, for instance, Wordsworth did in respect of the
words &lsquo;imagination' and &lsquo;fancy.' Before he wrote, it was,
I suppose, obscurely felt by most that in &lsquo;imagination' there
was more of the earnest, in &lsquo;fancy' of the play of the spirit;
that the first was a loftier faculty and gift than the second; yet
for all this words were continually, and not without loss,
confounded. He first, in the preface to his Lyrical Ballads, rendered
it henceforth impossible that any one, who had read and mastered what
he has written on the two words, should remain unconscious any longer
of the important difference between them." <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The same power, which we should call <i>fancy</i> if
employed on a production of a light nature, would be dignified with
the title of <i>imagination</i> if shown on a grander
scale.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><! p. 730 !></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag`i*na"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, involving, or caused by, imagination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag`i*na"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Idealism.</def>  <i>J. Grote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag"i*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>imaginatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from, and
characterized by, the imagination, generally in the highest sense of
the word.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all the higher departments of <i>imaginative</i>
art, nature still constitutes an important element.</blockquote>
<i>Mure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to imagining; full of images,
fancies, etc.; having a quick imagination; conceptive;
creative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Milton had a highly <i>imaginative</i>, Cowley a very
fanciful mind.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unreasonably suspicious; jealous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im*ag"i*na*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*ag"i*na*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imagined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imagining</u>.] [F. <i>imaginer</i>, L. <i>imaginari</i>, p. p.
<i>imaginatus</i>, fr. <i>imago</i> image. See <u>Image</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form in the mind a notion or idea of; to
form a mental image of; to conceive; to produce by the
imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the night, <i>imagining</i> some fear,<BR>
How easy is a bush supposed a bear!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contrive in purpose; to scheme; to
devise; to compass; to purpose. See <u>Compass</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How long will ye <i>imagine</i> mischief against a
man?</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To represent to one's self; to think; to
believe.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fancy; conceive; apprehend; think; believe;
suppose; opine; deem; plan; scheme; devise.</p>

<p><hw>Im*ag"ine</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To form images or conceptions; to conceive; to devise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To think; to suppose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My sister is not so defenseless left<BR>
As you <i>imagine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag"in*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who forms
ideas or conceptions; one who contrives.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ag"in*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imaginative.</def> [R.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||I*ma"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Imagoes</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Image</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An image.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The final adult, and
usually winged, state of an insect. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ant-
lion</u>, and <u>Army worm</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||I*mam"</hw> (?), <hw>||I*man"</hw> (?), <hw>||I*maum"</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>im&amacr;m</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Among the Mohammedans, a minister or priest
who performs the regular service of the mosque.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Mohammedan prince who, as a successor of
Mohammed, unites in his person supreme spiritual and temporal
power.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*ma"ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk., fr. Ar.
<i>'im&amacr;ra</i>.] <def>A lodging house for Mohammedan
pilgrims.</def>  <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*balm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Embalm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*ban"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put under a
ban.</def> [R.]  <i>Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*band"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form into a
band or bands.</def> "<i>Imbanded</i> nations."  <i>J.
Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bank"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imbanked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imbanking</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>bank</i>.  Cf.
<u>Embank</u>.] <def>To inclose or defend with a bank or banks. See
<u>Embank</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bank"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
surrounding with a bank; a bank or mound raised for defense, a
roadway, etc.; an embankment. See <u>Embankment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*ban"nered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
banners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bar in; to
secure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>imbar</i> their crooked titles.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bar"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Embargo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bark"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Embark</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*barn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To store in a
barn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*base"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Embase</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*base"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To diminish in
value.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bas"tard*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
bastardize; to debase.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
in + <i>bathe</i>.  Cf. <u>Embathe</u>.] <def>To bathe; to wash
freely; to immerse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And gave her to his daughters to <i>imbathe</i><BR>
In nectared lavers strewed with asphodel.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Embay</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"be*cile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imbecillis</i>, and <i>imbecillus</i>; of unknown origin: cf. F.
<i>imb&eacute;cile</i>.] <def>Destitute of strength, whether of body
or mind; feeble; impotent; esp., mentally wea; feeble-minded; as,
hospitals for the <i>imbecile</i> and insane.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Weak; feeble; feeble-minded; idiotic.</p>

<p><hw>Im"be*cile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One destitute of
strength; esp., one of feeble mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"be*cile</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To weaken; to
make imbecile; as, to <i>imbecile</i> men's courage.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`be*cil"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
weaken, as to the body or the mind; to enfeeble.</def> [R.]  <i>A.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`be*cil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Imbecilities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>imbecillitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>imb&eacute;cillit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
imbecile; weakness; feebleness, esp. of mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cruelty . . . argues not only a depravedness of
nature, but also a meanness of courage and <i>imbecility</i> of
mind.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This term is used specifically to denote natural weakness
of the mental faculties, affecting one's power to act reasonably or
intelligently.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Debility; infirmity; weakness; feebleness;
impotence. See <u>Debility</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im*bed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imbedded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imbedding</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>bed</i>.  Cf.
<u>Embed</u>.] <def>To sink or lay, as in a bed; to deposit in a
partly inclosing mass, as of clay or mortar; to cover, as with earth,
sand, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bel"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>imbellis</i>;
pref. <i>im-</i> = <i>in-</i> not + <i>bellum</i> war; cf.
<i>bellicus</i> warlike.] <def>Not warlike or martial.</def> [Obs.]
<i>R. Junius.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bench"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
in + <i>bench</i>.] <def>A raised work like a bench.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Parkhurst.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"ber-goose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The loon. See <u>Ember-goose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bez"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Embezzle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bibe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imbibed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imbibing</u>.] [L. <i>imbibere</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>bibere</i> to drink: cf. F. <i>imbiber</i>.  Cf. <u>Bib</u>,
<u>Imbue</u>, <u>Potable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drink in;
to absorb; to suck or take in; to receive as by drinking; as, a
person <i>imbibes</i> drink, or a sponge <i>imbibes</i>
moisture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To receive or absorb into the mind and
retain; as, to <i>imbibe</i> principles; to <i>imbibe</i>
errors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To saturate; to imbue.</def> [Obs.]
"Earth, <i>imbibed</i> with . . . acid."  <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bib"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, imbibes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`bi*bi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>imbibition</i>.] <def>The act or process of imbibing, or
absorbing; as, the post-mortem <i>imbibition</i> of poisons.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Imbittered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Imbittering</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>bitter</i>.  Cf. <u>Embitter</u>.] [Written also <i>embitter</i>.]
<def>To make bitter; hence, to make distressing or more distressing;
to make sad, morose, sour, or malignant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is there anything that more <i>imbitters</i> the
enjoyment of this life than shame?</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Imbittered</i> against each other by former
contests.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bit"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, imbitters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bit"ter*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
imbittering; bitter feeling; embitterment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*blaze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Emblaze</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bla"zon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Emblazon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bod"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Embody</u>.] <def>To become corporeal; to assume the qualities of
a material body. See <u>Embody</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul grows clotted by contagion,<BR>
<i>Imbodies</i>, and imbrutes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*boil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<def>See <u>Emboil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bold"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Embolden</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bon"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
not + L. <i>bonitas</i> goodness.] <def>Want of goodness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bor"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Imbordered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Imbordering</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>border</i>.  Cf. <u>Emborder</u>.] <def>To furnish or inclose with
a border; to form a border of.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bosk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imbosked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imbosking</u>.] [CF. It. <i>imboscare</i> to imbosk,
<i>imboscarsi</i> to retire into a wood; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>bosco</i> wood. See <u>Boscage</u>, and cf. <u>Ambush</u>.]
<def>To conceal, as in bushes; to hide.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bosk"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
concealed.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bos"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imbosomed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imbosoming</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>bosom</i>.  Cf.
<u>Embosom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hold in the bosom; to
cherish in the heart or affection; to embosom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inclose or place in the midst of; to
surround or shelter; as, a house <i>imbosomed</i> in a grove.</def>
"Villages <i>imbosomed</i> soft in trees."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Father infinite,<BR>
By whom in bliss <i>imbosomed</i> sat the Son.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*boss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Emboss</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bos"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Emboss</u>.] <def>Embossed or raised work.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau.
& Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bound"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose in
limits; to shut in.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i> in
+ <i>bow</i>.  Cf. <u>Embow</u>.] <def>To make like a bow; to curve;
to arch; to vault; to embow.</def> "<i>Imbowed</i> windows."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bow"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Embowel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Embower</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bow"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>act of
imbowing; an arch; a vault.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*box"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose in a
box.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bra"cer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Embracery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*braid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Embraid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*bran"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To entangle
as in a cobweb; to mix confusedly.</def> [R.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Physiology <i>imbrangled</i> with an inapplicable
logic.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*breed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Inbreed</u>.] <def>To generate within; to inbreed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Im"bri*cate</hw> (?), <hw>Im"bri*ca`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>imbricatus</i>, p. p. of <i>imbricare</i>
to cover with tiles, to form like a gutter tile, fr. <i>imbrex</i>,
<i>-icis</i>, a hollow tile, gutter tile, fr. <i>imber</i> rain.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bent and hollowed like a roof or gutter
tile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lying over each other in regular order, so
as to "break joints," like tiles or shingles on a roof, the scales on
the leaf buds of plants and the cups of some acorns, or the scales of
fishes; overlapping each other at the margins, as leaves in
&aelig;stivation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In decorative art: Having scales lapping
one over the other, or a representation of such scales; as, an
<i>imbricated</i> surface; an <i>imbricated</i> pattern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"bri*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lay in
order, one lapping over another, so as to form an imbricated
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`bri*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>imbrication</i>.] <def>An overlapping of the edges, like that of
tiles or shingles; hence, intricacy of structure; also, a pattern or
decoration representing such a structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"bri*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Imbricate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`bro*ca"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Imbrocadoes</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Brocade</u>.] <def>Cloth
of silver or of gold.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Im`bro*ca"ta</hw> (?), <hw>Im`broc*ca"ta</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>imbroccata</i>.] <def>A hit or
thrust.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*brogl"io</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Imbroglios</b></plw> (#). [Written also <i>embroglio</i>.]
[It. See 1st <u>Broil</u>, and cf. <u>Embroil</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An intricate, complicated plot, as of a drama
or work of fiction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A complicated and embarrassing state of
things; a serious misunderstanding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wrestling to free itself from the baleful
<i>imbroglio</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*brown"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
in + <i>brown</i>.  Cf. <u>Embrown</u>.] <def>To make brown; to
obscure; to darken; to tan; as, features <i>imbrowned</i> by
exposure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mountain mass by scorching skies
<i>imbrowned</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*brue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imbureed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imbureing</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>embruer</i>, also <i>embruver</i>,
<i>embreuver</i>, <i>embrever</i>, to give to drink, soak (see pref.
<u>En-</u>, 1, 1st <u>In-</u>, and <u>Breverage</u>), but also OE.
<i>enbrewen</i>, <i>enbrowen</i>, to stain, soil (cf.
<u>Brewis</u>).] <def>To wet or moisten; to soak; to drench,
especially in blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While Darwen stream, will blood of Scots
<i>imbrued</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*brue"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
imbruing or state of being imbrued.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*brute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imbruted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imbruting</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>brute</i>: cf. F.
<i>abrutir</i>.  Cf. <u>Embrute</u>.] <def>To degrade to the state of
a brute; to make brutal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And mixed with bestial slime,<BR>
THis essence to incarnate and <i>imbrute</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*brute"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sink to the
state of a brute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul grows clotted by contagion,<BR>
Imbodies, and <i>imbrutes</i>, till she quite lose<BR>
The divine property of her first being.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*brute"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
imbruting, or the state of being imbruted.</def> [R.]
<i>Brydges.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imbued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imbuing</u>.] [L. <i>imbuere</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> in + perh. a
disused simple word akin to L. <i>bibere</i> to drink.  Cf.
<u>Imbibe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tinge deeply; to dye; to
cause to absorb; as, clothes thoroughly <i>imbued</i> with
black.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tincture deply; to cause to become
impressed or penetrated; as, to <i>imbue</i> the minds of youth with
good principles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy words with grace divine<BR>
<i>Imbued</i>, bring to their sweetness no satiety.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*bue"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
imbuing; the state of being imbued; hence, a deep tincture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*burse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
in + <i>burse</i>: cf. F. <i>embourser</i> to put into one's purse.
See <u>Burse</u>, and <u>Purse</u>.] <def>To supply or stock with
money.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*burse"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of imbursing, or the state of being
imbursed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Money laid up in stock.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*bu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
imbuing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>I*mes"a*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Im</i>id<i>e</i> + i<i>satin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A dark
yellow, crystalline substance, obtained by the action of ammonia on
isatin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
compound with, or derivative of, the imido group; specif., a compound
of one or more acid radicals with the imido group, or with a
monamine; hence, also, a derivative of ammonia, in which two atoms of
hydrogen have been replaced by divalent basic or acid radicals; --
frequently used as a combining form; as,
succin<i>imide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"i*do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, containing, or combined with, the radical NH,
which is called the <i>imido group</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Imido acid</b></col>, <cd>an organic acid, consisting of
one or more acid radicals so united with the imido group that it
contains replaceable acid hydrogen, and plays the part of an acid;
as, uric acid, succinimide, etc., are <i>imido acids</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im`it*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Imitable</u>.] <def>The quality of being imitable.</def>
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><! p. 731 !></p>

<p><hw>Im"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imitabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>imitable</i>. See <u>Imitate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being imitated or
copied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The characters of man placed in lower stations of life
are more usefull, as being <i>imitable</i> by great
numbers.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of imitation; as, <i>imitable</i>
character or qualities.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"i*ta*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being imitable; worthness of imitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"i*tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>imitans</i>, p. pr. of <i>imitare</i>.] <def>Tendency to
imitation.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imitated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imitating</u> (?).] [L. <i>imitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>imitari</i>
to imitate; of unknown origin.  Cf. <u>Image</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To follow as a pattern, model, or example; to copy or strive to
copy, in acts, manners etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Despise wealth and <i>imitate</i> a dog.</blockquote>
<i>Cowlay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce a semblance or likeness of, in
form, character, color, qualities, conduct, manners, and the like; to
counterfeit; to copy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A place picked out by choice of best alive<BR>
The Nature's work by art can <i>imitate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This hand appeared a shining sword to weild,<BR>
And that sustained an <i>imitated</i> shield.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To resemble (another
species of animal, or a plant, or inanimate object) in form, color,
ornamentation, or instinctive habits, so as to derive an advantage
thereby; sa, when a harmless snake <i>imitates</i> a venomous one in
color and manner, or when an odorless insect <i>imitates</i>, in
color, one having secretion offensive to birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>imitation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of imitating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Poesy is an art of <i>imitation</i>, . . . that is to
say, a representing, counterfeiting, or figuring forth.</blockquote>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is made or produced as a copy;
that which is made to resemble something else, whether for laudable
or for fraudulent purposes; likeness; resemblance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both these arts are not only true <i>imitations</i> of
nature, but of the best nature.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One of the principal means
of securing unity and consistency in polyphonic composition; the
repetition of essentially the same melodic theme, phrase, or motive,
on different degrees of pitch, by one or more of the other parts of
voises.  Cf. <u>Canon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The act of condition of
imitating another species of animal, or a plant, or unanimate object.
See <u>Imitate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Imitation</i> is often used adjectively to characterize
things which have a deceptive appearance, simulating the qualities of
a superior article; -- opposed to <i>real</i> or <i>genuine</i>; as,
<i>imitation</i> lace; <i>imitation</i> bronze; <i>imitation</i>
modesty, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Im`i*ta"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or employed in, imitation; as, <i>imitational</i>
propensities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"i*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imitavitus</i>: cf. F. <i>imitatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inclined to imitate, copy, or follow; imitating; exhibiting some
of the qualities or characteristics of a pattern or model; dependent
on example; not original; as, man is an <i>imitative</i> being;
painting is an <i>imitative</i> art.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formed after a model, pattern, or
original.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This temple, less in form, with equal grace,<BR>
Was <i>imitative</i> of the first in Thrace.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Designed to imitate
another species of animal, or a plant, or inanimate object, for some
useful purpose, such as protection from enemies; having resemblance
to something else; as, <i>imitative</i> colors; <i>imitative</i>
habits; dendritic and mammillary forms of minerals are
<i>imitative</i>.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im"i*ta*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im"i*ta*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im"i*ta*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A
verb expressive of imitation or resemblance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im"i*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
imitates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"i*ta`tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
office of an imitator.</def> "Servile <i>imitatorship</i>."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"i*ta`tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
is an imitator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"i*ta`trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
imitatress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mac"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immaculatus</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>maculatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>maculare</i> to spot, stane, fr. <i>macula</i> spot. See
<u>Mail</u> armor.] <def>Without stain or blemish; spotless;
undefiled; clear; pure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Were but my soul as pure<BR>
From other guilt as that, Heaven did not hold<BR>
One more <i>immaculate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou sheer, <i>immaculate</i> and silver
fountain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Immaculate conception</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>,
<cd>the doctrine that the Virgin Mary was conceived without original
sin.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im*mac"u*late*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*mac"u*late*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*mailed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing mail or
armor; clad of armor.</def>  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mal"le*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
maleable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*man"a*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Immanacled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Immanacling</u> (?).] <def>To manacle; to fetter;
hence; to confine; to restrain from free action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Although this corporal rind<BR>
Thou hast <i>immanacled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"ma*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
in + L. <i>manare</i> to flow; cf. <i>mantio</i> a flowing.] <def>A
flowing or entering in; -- opposed to emanation.</def> [R.]
<i>Good.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>immanis</i>.]
<def>Very great; huge; vast; also, monstrous in character; inhuman;
atrocious; fierce.</def> [Obs.] "So <i>immane</i> a man."
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im*mane"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Im"ma*nence</hw> (?), <hw>Im"ma*nen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition or quality of being immanent;
inherence; an indwelling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Clement] is mainly concerned in enforcing the
<i>immanence</i> of God. Christ is everywhere presented by him as
Deity indwelling in the world.</blockquote> <i>A. V. G.
Allen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"ma*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>immanens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>immanere</i> to remain in or near; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>manere</i> to remain: cf. F. <i>immanent</i>.] <def>Remaining
within; inherent; indwelling; abiding; intrinsic; internal or
subjective; hence, limited in activity, agency, or effect, to the
subject or associated acts; -- opposed to <i>emanant</i>,
<i>transitory</i>, <i>transitive</i>, or <i>objective</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cognition is an <i>immanent</i> act of
mind.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>immanent</i> power in the life of the
world.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*man"i*fest</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
manifest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*man"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immanitas</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being immane;
barbarity.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*man"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Emmantle</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*man"u*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>'imm&amacr;n&?;&emacr;l</i>, fr. <i>'im</i> with +
<i>&amacr;n&?;</i> us + <i>&emacr;l</i> God.] <def>God with us; -- an
appellation of the Christ.</def>  <i>Is. vii. 14. Matt. i.
23.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`mar*ces"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immarcescibilis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>marcescere</i> to
fade: cf. F. <i>immarcescible</i>.] <def>Unfading; lasting.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`mar*ces"ci*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Unfadingly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mar"gin*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Not having a distinctive margin or border.</def>
<i>Grey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mar"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not martial;
unwarlike.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*mask"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover, as
with a mask; to disguise or conceal.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*match"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Matchless;
peerless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`ma*te"ri*al</hw>
(&ibreve;m`m&adot;*t&emacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>material</i>: cf. F.
<i>immat&eacute;riel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not consisting of
matter; incorporeal; spiritual; disembodied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Angels are spirits <i>immaterial</i> and
intellectual.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of no substantial consequence; without
weight or significance; unimportant; as, it is wholly
<i>immaterial</i> whether he does so or not.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unimportant; inconsequential; insignificant;
inconsiderable; trifling.</p>

<p><hw>Im`ma*te"ri*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>immat&eacute;rialisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine
that immaterial substances or spiritual being exist, or are
possible.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The doctrine that
external bodies may be reduced to mind and ideas in a mind; any
doctrine opposed to materialism or phenomenalism, esp. a system that
maintains the immateriality of the soul; idealism; esp., Bishop
Berkeley's theory of idealism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`ma*te"ri*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>immat&eacute;rialiste</i>.] <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>One who believes
in or professes, immaterialism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`ma*te`ri*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Immaterialities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>immat&eacute;rialit</i>&eacute;.] <def>The state or quality of
being immaterial or incorporeal; as, the <i>immateriality</i> of the
soul.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`ma*te"ri*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>immat&eacute;rialiser</i>.] <def>To render immaterial or
incorporeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Immateralized</i> spirits.</blockquote>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`ma*te"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an immaterial manner; without matter or
corporeal substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In an unimportant manner or
degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`ma*te"ri*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being immaterial; immateriality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`ma*te"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Immaterial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`ma*ture"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immaturus</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>maturus</i> mature, ripe.
See <u>Mature</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not mature; unripe; not
arrived at perfection of full development; crude; unfinished; as,
<i>immature</i> fruit; <i>immature</i> character; <i>immature</i>
plans.</def> "An ill-measured and <i>immature</i> counsel."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Premature; untimely; too early; as, an
immature death.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`ma*tured"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Immature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`ma*ture"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
immature manner.</def>  <i>Warburion.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`ma*ture"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being immature; immaturity.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`ma*tu"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immaturitas</i>: cf. F. <i>immaturit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state
or quality of being immature or not fully developed; unripeness;
incompleteness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the world has outgrown its intellectual
<i>immaturity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Caird.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`me*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + L. <i>meabilis</i> passable, fr. <i>meare</i> to pass.]
<def>Want of power to pass, or to permit passage;
impassableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Immeability</i> of the juices.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*meas`ur*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being immeasurable; immensurability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*meas"ur*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>measurable</i>: cf. F. <i>measurable</i>.  Cf.
<u>Immensurable</u>, <u>Unmeasurable</u>.] <def>Incapable of being
measured; indefinitely extensive; illimitable; immensurable;
vast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of depth <i>immeasurable</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*meas"ur*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being immeasurable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eternity and <i>immeasurableness</i> belong to thought
alone.</blockquote> <i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*meas"ur*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
immeasurable manner or degree.</def> "<i>Immeasurably</i> distant."
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*meas"ured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Immeasurable.</def> [R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`me*chan"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
mechanical.</def> [Obs.] <i>Cheyne.</i> --
<wf>Im"me*chan"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*me"di*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The relation
of freedom from the interventionof a medium; immediateness.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*me"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>imm&eacute;diat</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Mediate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not separated in respect to place by anything
intervening; proximate; close; as, <i>immediate</i>
contact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are the most <i>immediate</i> to our
throne.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not deferred by an interval of time;
present; instant.</def> "Assemble we <i>immediate</i> council."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Death . . . not yet inflicted, as he feared,<BR>
By some <i>immediate</i> stroke.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Acting with nothing interposed or between,
or without the intervention of another object as a cause, means, or
agency; acting, perceived, or produced, directly; as, an
<i>immediate</i> cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>immediate</i> knowledge of the past is
therefore impossible.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Immediate amputation</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>an
amputation performed within the first few hours after an injury, and
before the the effects of the shock have passed away.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Proximate; close; direct; next.</p>

<p><hw>Im*me"di*ate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an immediate manner; without intervention
of any other person or thing; proximately; directly; -- opposed to
<i>mediately</i>; as, <i>immediately</i> contiguous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God's acceptance of it either <i>immediately</i> by
himself, or mediately by the hands of the bishop.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without interval of time; without delay;
promptly; instantly; at once.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Jesus . . . touched him, saying, I will; be thou
clean. And <i>immediately</i> his leprosy was cleansed.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. viii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>As soon as.  Cf. <u>Directly</u>, 8,
Note.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Directly; instantly; quickly; forthwith;
straightway; presently. See <u>Directly</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im*me"di*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or relations of being immediate in manner, place, or time; exemption
from second or interventing causes.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*me"di*a*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Immediateness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*med"i*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Immedicabilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Medicable</u>.]
<def>Not to be healed; incurable.</def> "Wounds <i>immedicable</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`me*lo"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
melodious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mem"o*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immemorabilis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not +  <i>memorabilis</i>
memorable: cf. F. <i>imm&eacute;morable</i>. See <u>Memorable</u>.]
<def>Not memorable; not worth remembering.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`me*mo"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>memorial</i>: cf. F. <i>imm&eacute;morial</i>.]
<def>Extending beyond the reach of memory, record, or tradition;
indefinitely ancient; as, existing from time <i>immemorial</i>.</def>
"<i>Immemorial</i> elms." <i>Tennyson.</i> "<i>Immemorial</i> usage
or custom." <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Time immemorial</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law.)</i>, <cd>a time
antedating (legal) history, and beyond "legal memory" so called;
formerly an indefinite time, but in 1276 this time was fixed by
statute as the begining of the reign of Richard I. (1189). Proof of
unbroken possession or use of any right since that date made it
unnecessary to establish the original grant. In 1832 the plan of
dating legal memory from a fixed time was abandoned and the principle
substituted that rights which had been enjoyed for full twenty years
(or as against the crown thirty years) should not be liable to
impeachment merely by proving that they had not been enjoyed
before.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im`me*mo"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Beyond
memory.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>immensus</i>;
pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>mensus</i>, p. p. of <i>metiri</i> to
measure: cf. F. <i>immense</i>. See <u>Measure</u>.]
<def>Immeasurable; unlimited. In commonest use: Very great; vast;
huge.</def> "<i>Immense</i> the power" <i>Pope.</i> "<i>Immense</i>
and boundless ocean." <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O Goodness infinite! Goodness
<i>immense</i>!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Infinite; immeasurable; illimitable; unbounded;
unlimited; interminable; vast; prodigious; enormous; monstrous. See
<u>Enormous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im*mense"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In immense
manner or degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mense"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being immense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*men"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Immense</i> +
<i>-ible</i>.] <def>Immeasurable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*men"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Immensities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>immensitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>immensit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being immense;
inlimited or immeasurable extension; infinity; vastness in extent or
bulk; greatness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lost in the wilds of vast
<i>immensity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>immensity</i> of the material
system.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*men"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Huge.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*men`su*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being immensurable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*men"su*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + L. <i>mensurabilis</i> measurable: cf. F.
<i>immensurable</i>.  Cf. <u>Immeasurable</u>.]
<def>Immeasurable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What an <i>immensurable</i> space is the
firmament.</blockquote> <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*men"su*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>mensurate</i>.] <def>Unmeasured; unlimited.</def> [R.]
<i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*merge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Immerged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Immerging</u> (?).] [L. <i>immergere</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>mergere</i> to dip, plunge: cf. F. <i>immerger</i>. See
<u>Merge</u>, and cf. <u>Immerse</u>.] <def>To plungel into, under,
or within anything especially a fuid; to dip; to immerse. See
<u>Immerse</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We took . . . lukewarm water, and in it
<i>immerged</i> a quantity of the leaves of senna.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their souls are <i>immerged</i> in
matter.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*merge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dissapear
by entering into any medium, as a star into the light of the
sun.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*mer"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of worth;
demerit.</def> [R.]  <i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mer"it*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unmerited.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Charles I.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mer"it*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immeritus</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>meritus</i>, p. p. of
<i>merere</i>, <i>mereri</i>, to deserve.] <def>Undeserving.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mers"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Immersible</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*merse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>immersus</i>,
p. p. of <i>immergere</i>. See <u>Immerge</u>.] <def>Immersed;
buried; hid; sunk.</def> [Obs.] "Things <i>immerse</i> in matter."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*merse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Immersed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Immersing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To plunge into anything
that surrounds or covers, especially into a fluid; to dip; to sink;
to bury; to immerge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Deep <i>immersed</i> beneath its whirling
wave.</blockquote> <i>J Warton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>More than a mile <i>immersed</i> within the
wood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To baptize by immersion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To engage deeply; to engross the attention
of; to involve; to overhelm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The queen <i>immersed</i> in such a
trance.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is impossible to have a lively hope in another
life, and yet be deeply <i>immersed</i> inn the enjoyments of
this.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><! p. 732 !></p>

<p><hw>Im*mersed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deeply plunged into anything, especially a
fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deeply occupied; engrossed;
entangled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing wholly under
water.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mers"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Immerse</u>.] <def>Capable of being immersed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mers"i*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i> not
+ L. <i>mersus</i>, p. p. of <i>mergere</i> to plunge.] <def>Not
capable of being immersed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mer"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immersio</i>; cf. F. <i>immersion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of immersing, or the state of being immersed; a sinking
within a fluid; a dipping; as, the <i>immersion</i> of Achilles in
the Styx.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Submersion in water for the purpose of
Christian baptism, as, practiced by the Baptists.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being overhelmed or deeply
absorbed; deep engagedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too deep an <i>immersion</i> in the affairs of
life.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The dissapearance of a
celestail body, by passing either behind another, as in the
occultation of a star, or into its shadow, as in the eclipse of a
satellite; -- opposed to <i>emersion</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Immersion lens</b></col>, <cd>a microscopic objective of
short focal distance designed to work with a drop of liquid, as oil,
between the front lens and the slide, so that this lens is
practically <i>immersed</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*mer"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>One who holds the doctrine that immersion is essential to
Christian baptism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mesh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Immeshed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Immeshing</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>mesh</i>.  Cf.
<u>Inmesh</u>.] <def>To catch or entangle in, or as in, the meshes of
a net. or in a web; to insnare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`me*thod"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
methodical; without method or systematic arrangement; without order
or regularity; confused.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Irregular; confused; disoderly; unsystematic;
desultory.</p>

<p><hw>Im`me*thod"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
method; confusedly; unsystematically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`me*thod"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
method.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*meth"od*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render immethodical; to destroy the method of; to confuse.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*met"ric*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
metrical or rhythmical.</def> [R.] <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Emmew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"mi*grant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immigrans</i>, p. pr. of <i>immigrare</i> to go into: cf. F.
<i>immigrant</i>. See <u>Immigrate</u>.] <def>One who immigrates; one
who comes to a country for the purpose of permanent residence; --
correlative of <i>emigrant</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Emigrant</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im"mi*grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Immigrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Immigrating</u> (?).] [L. <i>immigrare</i>,
<i>immigratum</i>, to immigrate; pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>migrare</i>
to migrate. See <u>Migrate</u>.] <def>To come into a country of which
one is not a native, for the purpose of permanent residence. See
<u>Emigrate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"mi*gra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>immigration</i>.] <def>The act of immigrating; the passing or
coming into a country for the purpose of permanent
residence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>immigrations</i> of the Arabians into
Europe.</blockquote> <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"mi*nence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>imminence</i>, L. <i>imminentia</i>, See <u>Imminent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or quality of being imminent; a
threatening, as of something about to happen. The imminence of any
danger or distress.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is imminent; impending evil or
danger.</def> "But dare all <i>imminence</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"mi*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>imminens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>imminere</i> to project; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>minere</i> (in comp.) to jut, project. See <u>Eminent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Threatening to occur immediately; near at
hand; impending; -- said especially of misfortune or peril.</def> "In
danger <i>imminent</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of danger; threatening; menacing;
perilous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hairbreadth scapes i' the <i>imminent</i> deadly
breach.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>(With <i>upon</i>) Bent upon; attentive
to.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their eyes ever <i>imminent</i> upon worldly
matters.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impending; threatening; near; at hand. --
<u>Imminent</u>, <u>Impending</u>, <u>Threatening</u>.
<i>Imminent</i> is the strongest: it denotes that something is ready
to fall or happen on the instant; as, in <i>imminent</i> danger of
one's life. <i>Impending</i> denotes that something hangs suspended
over us, and may so remain indefinitely; as, the <i>impending</i>
evils of war. <i>Threatening</i> supposes some danger in prospect,
but more remote; as, <i>threatening</i> indications for the
future.</p>

<p><blockquote>Three times to-day<BR>
You have defended me from <i>imminent</i> death.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No story I unfold of public woes,<BR>
Nor bear advices of <i>impending</i> foes.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fierce faces <i>threatening</i> war.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"mi*nent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an imminent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*min"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mingle;
to mix; to unite; to blend.</def> [R.]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`mi*nu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imminutio</i>, fr. <i>imminuere</i>, <i>imminutum</i>, to lessen;
pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>minuere</i>.] <def>A lessening; diminution;
decrease.</def> [R.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mis"ci*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>immiscibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Incapability of being mixed, or
mingled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mis"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
not + <i>miscible</i>: cf. F. <i>immiscible</i>.] <def>Not capable of
being mixed or mingled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A chaos of <i>immiscible</i> and conflicting
particles.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immissio</i>: cf. F. <i>immission</i>. See <u>Immit</u>.] <def>The
act of immitting, or of sending or thrusting in; injection; -- the
correlative of <i>emission</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Immitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Immiting</u>.] [L. <i>immittere</i>, <i>immissum</i>; pref. <i>im-
</i> in + <i>mittere</i> to send.] <def>To send in; to inject; to
infuse; -- the correlative of <i>emit</i>.</def> [R.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mit"i*ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immitigabilis</i>; fr. pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>mitigare</i> to
mitigate.] <def>Not capable of being mitigated, softened, or
appeased.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mit"i*ga*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
immitigable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> in
+ <i>mix</i>.] <def>To mix; to mingle.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Amongst her tears <i>immixing</i> prayers
meek.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mix"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
mixable.</def>  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mixed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> not
+ <i>mixed</i>, p. p. of <i>mix</i>.] <def>Unmixed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How pure and <i>immixed</i> the design
is.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mix"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Freedom from
mixture; purity.</def> [R.]  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mo"bile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immobilis</i>: cf. F. <i>immobile</i>. See <u>Immobility</u>.]
<def>Incapable of being moved; immovable; fixed; stable.</def>
<i>Prof. Shedd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`mo*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immobilitas</i>, fr. <i>immobilis</i> immovable; pref. <i>im-</i>
not + <i>mobilis</i> movable: cf. F. <i>immobilit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Mobile</u>.] <def>The condition or quality of being immobile;
fixedness in place or state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mob"i*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> in + <i>mobilize</i>; cf. f. <i>immobiliser</i>.] <def>To make
immovable; in surgery, to make immovable (a naturally mobile part, as
a joint) by the use of splints, or stiffened bandages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mo"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Immobile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mod"er*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Immoderate</u>.] <def>Immoderateness.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mod"er*an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immoderantia</i>.] <def>Immoderateness; excess.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mod"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immoderatus</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>moderatus</i> moderate.
See <u>Moderate</u>.] <def>Not moderate; exceeding just or usual and
suitable bounds; excessive; extravagant; unreasonable; as,
<i>immoderate</i> demands; <i>immoderate</i> grief; <i>immoderate</i>
laughter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So every scope by the <i>immoderate</i> use<BR>
Turns to restraint.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Excessive; exorbitant; unreasonable; extravagant;
intemperate; inordinate.</p>

<p><hw>Im*mod"er*ate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
immoderate manner; excessively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mod"er*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being immoderate; excess; extravagance.</def>  <i>Puller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mod`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immoderatio</i>: cf. F. <i>imod&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>Want of
moderation.</def>  <i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mod"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>immodeste</i>, L. <i>immodestus</i> immoderate; pref. <i>im-</i>
not + <i>modestus</i> modest. See <u>Modest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not limited to due bounds; immoderate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not modest; wanting in the reserve or
restraint which decorum and decency require; indecent; indelicate;
obscene; lewd; as, <i>immodest</i> persons, behavior, words,
pictures, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Immodest</i> deeds you hinder to be wrought,<BR>
But we proscribe the least <i>immodest</i> thought.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Indecorous; indelicate; shameless; shameful;
impudent; indecent; impure; unchaste; lewd; obscene.</p>

<p><hw>Im*mod"est*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an immodest
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mod"es*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immodestia</i>: cf. F. <i>immodestie</i>.] <def>Want of modesty,
delicacy, or decent reserve; indecency.</def> "A piece of
<i>immodesty</i>."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"mo*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Immolated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Immolating</u>.] [L. <i>immolatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>immolare</i> to sacrifice, orig., to sprinkle a victim with
sacrifical meal; pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>mola</i> grits or grains of
spelt coarsely ground and mixed with salt; also, mill. See
<u>Molar</u>, <u>Meal</u> ground grain.] <def>To sacrifice; to offer
in sacrifice; to kill, as a sacrificial victim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Worshipers, who not only <i>immolate</i> to them [the
deities] the lives of men, but . . . the virtue and honor of
women.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`mo*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immolatio</i>: cf. F. <i>immolation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of immolating, or the state of being immolated, or
sacrificed.</def>  <i>Sir. T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is immolated; a
sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"mo*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
offers in sacrifice; specifically, one of a sect of Russian fanatics
who practice self-mutilation and sacrifice.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Im*mold"</hw>, <hw>Im*mould"</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To mold into shape, or form.</def> [Obs.]  <i>G.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mo"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Immomentous</u>.] <def>Trifling.</def> [R.] "<i>Immoment</i>
toys."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`mo*men"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>momentous</i>.] <def>Not momentous; unimportant;
insignificant.</def> [R.]  <i>A. Seward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mor"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i> not
+ <i>moral</i>: cf. F. <i>immoral</i>.] <def>Not moral; inconsistent
with rectitude, purity, or good morals; contrary to conscience or the
divine law; wicked; unjust; dishonest; vicious; licentious; as, an
<i>immoral</i> man; an <i>immoral</i> deed.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wicked; sinful; criminal; vicious; unjust;
dishonest; depraved; impure; unchaste; profligate; dissolute;
abandoned; licentious; lewd; obscene.</p>

<p><hw>Im`mo*ral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Immoralities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>immoralit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or
quality of being immoral; vice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The root of all <i>immorality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An immoral act or practice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Luxury and sloth and then a great drove of heresies
and <i>immoralities</i> broke loose among them.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mor"al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
immoral manner; wickedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`mo*rig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>morigerous</i>.] <def>Rude; uncivil; disobedient.</def>
[Obs.] -- <wf>Im`mo*rig"er*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mor"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immortalis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>mortalis</i> mortal: cf.
F. <i>immortel</i>. See <u>Mortal</u>, and cf. <u>Immortelle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not mortal; exempt from liability to die;
undying; imperishable; lasting forever; having unlimited, or eternal,
existance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unto the King eternal, <i>immortal</i>,
invisible.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. i. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For my soul, what can it do to that,<BR>
Being a thing <i>immortal</i> as itself?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Connected with, or pertaining to
immortality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>immortal</i> longings in me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Destined to live in all ages of this
world; abiding; exempt from oblivion; imperishable; as,
<i>immortal</i> fame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of the few, <i>immortal</i> names,<BR>
That were not born to die.</blockquote> <i>Halleck.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Great; excessive; grievous.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Immortal flowers</b></col>, <cd>immortelles;
everlastings.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Eternal; everlasting; never-ending; ceaseless;
perpetual; continual; enduring; endless; imperishable; incorruptible;
deathless; undying.</p>

<p><hw>Im*mor"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who will
never cease to be; one exempt from death, decay, or
annihilation.</def>  <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mor"tal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds
the doctrine of the immortality of the soul.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`mor*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Immortalities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>immortalitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>immortalit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
state of being immortal; exemption from death and annihilation;
unending existance; as, the <i>immortality</i> of the soul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This mortal must put on
<i>immortality</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xv. 53.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exemption from oblivion; perpetuity; as,
the <i>immortality</i> of fame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mor`tal*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of immortalizing, or state of being immortalized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mor"tal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Immortalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Immortalizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>immortaliser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render immortal; to cause to live or exist
forever.</def>  <i>S. Clarke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exempt from oblivion; to perpetuate in
fame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alexander had no Homer to <i>immortalize</i> his
guilty name.</blockquote> <i>T. Dawes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mor"tal*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
immortal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*mor"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an immortal
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`mor*telle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Immortelles</b></plw> (#). [F. See <u>Immortal</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant with a conspicuous, dry, unwithering
involucre, as the species of <i>Antennaria</i>, <i>Helichrysum</i>,
<i>Gomphrena</i>, etc. See <u>Everlasting</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mor`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Failure to mortify the passions.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mov"a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being immovable; fixedness; steadfastness; as,
<i>immovability</i> of a heavy body; <i>immovability</i> of
purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mov"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Incapable of being moved; firmly fixed; fast; -- used of
material things; as, an <i>immovable</i> foundation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Immovable</i>, infixed, and frozen
round.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Steadfast; fixed; unalterable;
unchangeable; -- used of the mind or will; as, an <i>immovable</i>
purpose, or a man who remains <i>immovable</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not capable of being affected or moved in
feeling or by sympathy; unimpressible; impassive.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law.)</i> <def>Not liable to be removed;
permanent in place or tenure; fixed; as, an <i>immovable</i> estate.
See <u>Immovable</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Immovable apparatus</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an
appliance, like the plaster of paris bandage, which keeps fractured
parts firmly in place.</cd> -- <col><b>Immovable feasts</b></col>
<i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>feasts which occur on a certain day of the year
and do not depend on the date of Easter; as, Christmas, the Epiphany,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*mov"a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which can not be moved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>Lands and
things adherent thereto by nature, as trees; by the hand of man, as
buildings and their accessories; by their destination, as seeds,
plants, manure, etc.; or by the objects to which they are applied, as
servitudes.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i> <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mov"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being immovable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mov"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an immovable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mund"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>immundus</i>;
pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>mundus</i> clean.] <def>Unclean.</def> [R.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`mun*dic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>immondicit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>immunditia</i>, <i>immundities</i>.]
<def>Uncleanness; filthiness.</def> [R.]  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>immunis</i>.
See <u>Immunity</u>.] <def>Exempt; protected by inoculation.</def> --
<wf>Im*mu"nize</wf> (#), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*mu"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Immunities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>immunitas</i>, fr.
<i>immunis</i> free from a public service; pref. <i>im-</i> not +
<i>munis</i> complaisant, obliging, cf. <i>munus</i> service, duty:
cf. F. <i>immunit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Common</u>, and cf.
<u>Mean</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Freedom or
exemption from any charge, duty, obligation, office, tax, imposition,
penalty, or service; a particular privilege; as, the
<i>immunities</i> of the free cities of Germany; the
<i>immunities</i> of the clergy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freedom; exemption; as, <i>immunity</i>
from error.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Immured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Immuring</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>mure</i>: cf. F.
<i>emmurer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wall around; to surround
with walls.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inclose whithin walls, or as within
walls; hence, to shut up; to imprison; to incarcerate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those tender babes<BR>
Whom envy hath <i>immured</i> within your walls.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This huge convex of fire,<BR>
Outrageous to devour, <i>immures</i> us round.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mure"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wall; an
inclosure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mure"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
immuring, or the state of being immured; imprisonment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mu"sic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inharmonious;
unmusical; discordant.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mu`ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immutabilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>immutabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
state or quality of being immutable; immutableness.</def>  <i>Heb.
vi. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mu"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immutabilis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>mutabilis</i> mutable.
See <u>Mutable</u>.] <def>Not mutable; not capable or susceptible of
change; unchangeable; unalterable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That by two <i>immutable</i> things, in which it was
impossible for God to lie, we might have a strong
consolation.</blockquote> <i>Heb. vi. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Immutable</i>, immortal, infinite,<BR>
Eternal King.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im*mu"ta*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*mu"ta*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 733 !></p>

<p><hw>Im*mu"tate</hw> (&ibreve;m*m&umacr;"t&asl;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>immutatus</i>, p. p. of <i>immature</i>.]
<def>Unchanged.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im"mu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>immutatio</i>, from <i>immutare</i>, <i>immutatum</i>, to change.
See <u>Immute</u>.] <def>Change; alteration; mutation.</def> [R.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*mute"</hw> (&ibreve;m*m&umacr;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[L. <i>immutare</i>, <i>immutatum</i>; perf. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>mutare</i> to change : cf. OF. <i>immuter</i>.] <def>To change or
alter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Salkeld.</i></p>

<p><hw>Imp</hw> (&ibreve;mp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>imp</i> a
graft, AS. <i>impa</i>; akin to Dan. <i>ympe</i>, Sw. <i>ymp</i>,
prob. fr. LL. <i>impotus</i>, Gr. &?; engrafted, innate, fr. &?; to
implant; &?; in + &?; to produce; akin to E. <i>be</i>. See 1st
<u>In-</u>, <u>Be</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shoot; a scion; a
bud; a slip; a graft.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An offspring; progeny; child; scion.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The tender <i>imp</i> was weaned.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A young or inferior devil; a little,
malignant spirit; a puny demon; a contemptible evil worker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To mingle in the clamorous fray<BR>
Of squabbling <i>imps</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something added to, or united with,
another, to lengthen it out or repair it, -- as, an addition to a
beehive; a feather inserted in a broken wing of a bird; a length of
twisted hair in a fishing line.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Imp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imping</u>.] [AS. <i>impian</i> to imp, ingraft, plant; akin to
Dan. <i>ympe</i>, Sw. <i>ympa</i>, OHG. <i>impf&omacr;n</i>,
<i>impit&omacr;n</i>, G. <i>impfen</i>. See <u>Imp</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To graft; to insert as
a scion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>To graft with new
feathers, as a wing; to splice a broken feather. Hence, Fig.: To
repair; to extend; to increase; to strengthen; to equip.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Imp</i> out our drooping country's broken
wing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who lazily <i>imp</i> their wings with other men's
plumes.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here no frail Muse shall <i>imp</i> her crippled
wing.</blockquote> <i>Holmes.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Help, ye tart satirists, to <i>imp</i> my rage<BR>
With all the scorpions that should whip this age.</blockquote>
<i>Cleveland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pa"ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>pacare</i> to quiet. See <u>Pacate</u>.] <def>Not to be
appeased or quieted.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i> --
<wf>Im*pa"ca*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*pack"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
in + <i>pack</i>.] <def>The state of being closely surrounded,
crowded, or pressed, as by ice.</def> [R.]  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pact"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impacted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impacting</u>.] [L. <i>impactus</i>, p. p. of <i>impingere</i> to
push, strike against. See <u>Impinge</u>.] <def>To drive close; to
press firmly together: to wedge into a place.</def>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"pact</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Contact or impression by touch; collision; forcible contact;
force communicated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The quarrel, by that <i>impact</i>
driven.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The single instantaneous
stroke of a body in motion against another either in motion or at
rest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pact"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Driven together
or close.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Impacted fracture</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>a fracture
in which the fragments are driven into each other so as to be
immovable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*pac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>impactio</i>
a striking : cf. F. <i>impaction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The driving of one fragment of bone into another
so that the fragments are not movable upon each other; as,
<i>impaction</i> of the skull or of the hip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An immovable packing; <i>(Med.)</i>, a
lodgment of something in a strait or passage of the body; as,
<i>impaction</i> of the fetal head in the strait of the pelvis;
<i>impaction</i> of food or feces in the intestines of man or
beast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*paint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To paint; to
adorn with colors.</def> [R.] "To <i>impaint</i> his cause."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pair"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impaired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impairing</u>.] [Written also <i>empair</i>.] [OE.
<i>empeiren</i>, <i>enpeiren</i>, OF. <i>empeirier</i>,
<i>empirier</i>, F. <i>empirer</i>, LL. <i>impejorare</i>; L. pref.
<i>im-</i> in + <i>pejorare</i> to make worse, fr. <i>pejor</i>
worse.  Cf. <u>Appair</u>.] <def>To make worse; to diminish in
quantity, value, excellence, or strength; to deteriorate; as, to
<i>impair</i> health, character, the mind, value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time sensibly all things <i>impairs</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In years he seemed, but not <i>impaired</i> by
years.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To diminish; decrease; injure; weaken; enfeeble;
debilitate; reduce; debase; deteriorate.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pair"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To grow worse; to
deteriorate.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"pair</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>impair</i>
uneven, L. <i>impar</i>; <i>im-</i> not + <i>par</i> equal.] <def>Not
fit or appropriate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pair"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Diminution;
injury.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pair"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, impairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pair"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>enpeirement</i>, OF. <i>empirement</i>.] <def>The state of being
impaired; injury.</def> "The <i>impairment</i> of my health."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pal"a*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unpalatable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impaled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impaling</u>.] [See 2d <u>Empale</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pierce with a pale; to put to death by fixing on a sharp stake. See
<u>Empale</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then with what life remains, <i>impaled</i>, and
left<BR>
To writhe at leisure round the bloody stake.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inclose, as with pales or stakes; to
surround.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Impale</i> him with your weapons round
about.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Impenetrable, <i>impaled</i> with circling
fire.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>To join, as two coats of
arms on one shield, palewise; hence, to join in honorable
mention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ordered the admission of St. Patrick to the same to be
matched and <i>impaled</i> with the blessed Virgin in the honor
thereof.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pale"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of impaling, or the state of being impaled.</def>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inclosing by stakes or pales, or the
space so inclosed.</def>  <i>H. Brooke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which hedges in; inclosure.</def>
[R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The division of a shield
palewise, or by a vertical line, esp. for the purpose of putting side
by side the arms of husband and wife. See <u>Impale</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pal"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pallah deer of South Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pal"lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
pallid; to blanch.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*palm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To grasp with
or hold in the hand.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pal`pa*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impalpabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
impalpable.</def>  <i>Jortin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pal"pa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
not + <i>palpable</i>: cf. F. <i>impalpable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not palpable; that cannot be felt; extremely fine, so that no
grit can be perceived by touch.</def> "<i>Impalpable</i> powder."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not material; intangible;
incorporeal.</def> "<i>Impalpable</i>, void, and bodiless."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not apprehensible, or readily
apprehensible, by the mind; unreal; as, <i>impalpable</i>
distinctions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pal"pa*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
impalpable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pal"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To palsy; to
paralyze; to deaden.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pa"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>impanatus</i>, p. p. of <i>impanare</i> to impanate; L. pref.
<i>im-</i> in + <i>panis</i> bread.] <def>Embodied in bread, esp. in
the bread of the eucharist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cranmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pa"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Impanated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Impanating</u>.] <def>To embody in bread, esp. in the
bread of the eucharist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im"pa*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impanation</i>. See <u>Impanate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Embodiment in bread; the supposed real presence
and union of Christ's material body and blood with the substance of
the elements of the eucharist without a change in their nature; --
distinguished from <i>transubstantiation</i>, which supposes a
miraculous change of the substance of the elements. It is akin to
<i>consubstantiation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pa"na*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One who holds the doctrine of
impanation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pan"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impaneled</u> (?) or <u>Impanelled</u>; p. pr. &amp; vb.
n. <u>Impaneling</u> or <u>Impanelling</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>panel</i>.  Cf. <u>Empanel</u>.] [Written also <i>empanel</i>.]
<def>To enter in a list, or on a piece of parchment, called a
<i>panel</i>; to form or enroll, as a list of jurors in a court of
justice.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pan"el*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of impaneling, or the state of being impaneled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*par"a*dise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Imparadised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Imparadising</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>im-</i> +
<i>paradise</i>: cf. F. <i>emparadiser</i>.] <def>To put in a state
like paradise; to make supremely happy.</def> "<i>Imparadised</i> in
one another's arms."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*par"al*leled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unparalleled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*par"don*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impardonnable</i>.] <def>Unpardonable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*par`i*dig"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impar</i> unequal + <i>digitus</i> finger.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having an odd number of fingers or toes, either one, three, or
five, as in the horse, tapir, rhinoceros, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*par"i*pin"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impar</i> unequal + E. <i>pinnate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pinnate
with a single terminal leaflet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*par"i*syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impar</i> unequal + E. <i>syllabic</i>: cf. F.
<i>imparisyllabique</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Not consisting of an
equal number of syllables; as, an <i>imparisyllabic</i> noun, one
which has not the same number of syllables in all the cases; as,
<i>lapis</i>, <i>lapidis</i>; <i>mens</i>, <i>mentis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*par"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i> +
<i>parity</i>: cf. F. <i>imparit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inequality; disparity; disproportion; difference of degree,
rank, excellence, number, etc.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lack of comparison, correspondence, or
suitableness; incongruity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this region of merely intellectual notion we are at
once encountered by the <i>imparity</i> of the object and the faculty
employed upon it.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Indivisibility into equal parts;
oddness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*park"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imparked</u> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imparking</u>.] [Cf. <u>Empark</u>.] <def>To inclose for a park;
to sever from a common; hence, to inclose or shut up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . <i>impark</i> them [the sheep] within
hurdles.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*parl"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>emparler</i>; pref. <i>em-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>parler</i> to
speak. See <u>In</u>, prep., and <u>Parley</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To hold discourse; to parley.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir. T.
North.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To have time before pleading;
to have delay for mutual adjustment.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*par"lance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Emparlance</u>, <u>Parlance</u>.] [Written also
<i>inparliance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mutual discourse;
conference.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Time
given to a party to talk or converse with his opponent, originally
with the object of effecting, if possible, an amicable adjustment of
the suit. The actual object, however, has long been merely to obtain
further time to plead, or answer to the allegations of the opposite
party.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hence, the delay or continuance
of a suit.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Imparlance</i> and <i>continuance by imparlance</i> have
been abolished in England.  <i>Wharton (Law Dict. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*par`son*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>empersone</i>. See 1st <u>In-</u>, and <u>Parson</u>.] <i>(Eng.
Eccl. Law)</i> <def>Presented, instituted, and inducted into a
rectory, and in full possession.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
clergyman so inducted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*part"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imparted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imparting</u>.] [OF. <i>impartir</i>, <i>empartir</i>, L.
<i>impartire</i>, <i>impertire</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>partire</i> to part, divide, fr. <i>pars</i>, <i>partis</i>, part,
share. See <u>Part</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bestow a share or portion of; to give, grant, or communicate;
to allow another to partake in; as, to <i>impart</i> food to the
poor; the sun <i>imparts</i> warmth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well may he then to you his cares
<i>impart</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obtain a share of; to partake of.</def>
[R.]  <i>Munday.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To communicate the knowledge of; to make
known; to show by words or tokens; to tell; to disclose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gentle lady,<BR>
When I did first <i>impart</i> my love to you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To share; yield; confer; convey; grant; give;
reveal; disclose; discover; divulge. See <u>Communicate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im*part"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To give a part or share.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that hath two coats, let him <i>impart</i> to him
that hath none.</blockquote> <i>Luke iii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold a conference or
consultation.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*part"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Impartation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`par*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
imparting, or the thing imparted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The necessity of this <i>impartation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*part"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
imparts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*par"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
not + <i>partial</i>: cf. F. <i>impartial</i>.] <def>Not partial; not
favoring one more than another; treating all alike; unprejudiced;
unbiased; disinterested; equitable; fair; just.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jove is <i>impartial</i>, and to both the
same.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A comprehensive and <i>impartial</i>
view.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*par"tial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
impartial.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*par`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impartialit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being impartial;
freedom from bias or favoritism; disinterestedness; equitableness;
fairness; as, <i>impartiality</i> of judgment, of treatment,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Impartiality</i> strips the mind of prejudice and
passion.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*par"tial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In an
impartial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*par"tial*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Impartiality.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*part`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being impartible; communicability.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*part`i*bil"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impartibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being incapable of
division into parts; indivisibility.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*part"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Impart</u>.] <def>Capable of being imparted or
communicated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*part"i*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i> not
+ <i>partible</i>: cf. F. <i>impartible</i>.] <def>Not partible; not
subject to partition; indivisible; as, an <i>impartible</i>
estate.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*part"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
imparting, or that which is imparted, communicated, or
disclosed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It beckons you to go away with it,<BR>
As if it some <i>impartment</i> did desire<BR>
To you alone.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pass"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Unpassable</u>.] <def>Incapable of being passed; not admitting a
passage; as, an <i>impassable</i> road, mountain, or gulf.</def>
<i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Im*pass"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -
- <wf>Im*pass"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*pas`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impassibilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>impassibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or condition of being impassible; insusceptibility of injury
from external things.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pas"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impassibilis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>passibilis</i>
passable: cf. F. <i>impassible</i>. See <u>Passible</u>.]
<def>Incapable of suffering; inaccessible to harm or pain; not to be
touched or moved to passion or sympathy; unfeeling, or not showing
feeling; without sensation.</def> "<i>Impassible</i> to the critic."
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Secure of death, I should contemn thy dart<BR>
Though naked, and <i>impassible</i> depart.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pas"si*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Impassibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pas"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> in + <i>passion</i>.  Cf. <u>Empassion</u>, <u>Impassionate</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To move or affect strongly with
passion.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pas"sion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Excitable; susceptible of strong emotion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pas"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Strongly
affected.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pas"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
affect powerfully; to arouse the passions of.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pas"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>passionate</i>.] <def>Without passion or feeling.</def>
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pas"sioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Actuated or characterized by passion or zeal; showing warmth of
feeling; ardent; animated; excited; as, an <i>impassioned</i> orator
or discourse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pas"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
susceptible of pain or suffering; apathetic; impassible;
unmoved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Impassive</i> as the marble in the
quarry.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the <i>impassive</i> ice the lightings
play.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im*pas"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*pas"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im`pas*siv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being insusceptible of feeling, pain, or suffering;
impassiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pas*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Impaste</u>.] <def>The act of making into paste; that which is
formed into a paste or mixture; specifically, a combination of
different substances by means of cements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*paste"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impasting</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>paste</i>: cf. It.
<i>impastare</i>, OF. <i>empaster</i>, F. <i>emp&acirc;ter</i>. See
1st <u>In-</u> and <u>Paste</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To knead;
to make into paste; to concrete.</def> "Blood . . . baked and
<i>impasted</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>To lay color on canvas by
uniting them skillfully together. [R.] Cf. <u>Impasto</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*past"ing</hw>, <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>The laying on of colors
to produce impasto.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pas"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Impaste</u>.] <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>The thickness of the layer or
body of pigment applied by the painter to his canvas with especial
reference to the juxtaposition of different colors and tints in
forming a harmonious whole.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pas"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place in
a pasture; to foster.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pat"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impatibilis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>patibilis</i>
supportable. See <u>Patible</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not capable
of being borne; impassible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A spirit, and so <i>impatible</i> of material
fire.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pa"tience</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>impacience</i>, F. <i>impatience</i>, fr. L. <i>impatientia</i>.]
<def>The quality of being impatient; want of endurance of pain,
suffering, opposition, or delay; eagerness for change, or for
something expected; restlessness; chafing of spirit; fretfulness;
passion; as, the <i>impatience</i> of a child or an
invalid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I then, . . . <BR>
Out of my grief and my <i>impatience</i>,<BR>
Answered neglectingly.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With huge <i>impatience</i> he inly swelt<BR>
More for great sorrow that he could not pass,<BR>
Than for the burning torment which he felt.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 734 !></p>

<p><hw>Im*pa"tien*cy</hw> (&ibreve;m*p&amc;"sh<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Impatience.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Im*pa"ti*ens</hw> (-sh&ibreve;*&ebreve;nz),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., impatient.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
plants, several species of which have very beautiful flowers; -- so
called because the elastic capsules burst when touched, and scatter
the seeds with considerable force. Called also <i>touch-me-not</i>,
<i>jewelweed</i>, and <i>snapweed</i>.  <i>I. Balsamina</i>
(sometimes called <i>lady's slipper</i>) is the common garden
balsam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pa"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>impacient</i>, F. <i>impatient</i>, fr. L. <i>impatiens</i>; pref.
<i>im-</i> not + <i>patiens</i> patient. See <u>Patient</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not patient; not bearing with composure;
intolerant; uneasy; fretful; restless, because of pain, delay, or
opposition; eager for change, or for something expected; hasty;
passionate; -- often followed by <i>at</i>, <i>for</i>, <i>of</i>,
and <i>under</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A violent, sudden, and <i>impatient</i>
necessity.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fame, <i>impatient</i> of extremes, decays<BR>
Not more by envy than excess of praise.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>impatient</i> man will not give himself time to
be informed of the matter that lies before him.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dryden was poor and <i>impatient</i> of
poverty.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not to be borne; unendurable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Prompted by, or exhibiting, impatience;
as, <i>impatient</i> speeches or replies.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Restless; uneasy; changeable; hot; eager; fretful;
intolerant; passionate.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pa"tient</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
impatient.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pa"tient*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
impatient manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pat`ron*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Absolute seignory or possession; the act of investing with such
possession.</def> [R.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pat"ron*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Impatronized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Impatronizing</u> (?).] <def>To make lord or master;
as, to <i>impatronize</i> one's self of a seigniory.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pave.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Impaved</i> with rude fidelity<BR>
Of art mosaic.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pav"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>impavidus</i>.
See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Pavid</u>.] <def>Fearless.</def> --
<wf>Im*pav"id*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*pawn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impawned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impawning</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> + <i>pawn</i>: cf.
<u>Empawn</u>.] <def>To put in pawn; to pledge.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*peach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impeached</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impeaching</u>.] [OE. <i>empeechier</i> to prevent, hinder, bar,
F. <i>emp&ecirc;cher</i>, L. <i>impedicare</i> to entangle; pref.
<i>im-</i> in + <i>pedica</i> fetter, fr. <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>,
foot. See <u>Foot</u>, and <u>Appeach</u>, <u>Dispatch</u>,
<u>Impede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hinder; to impede; to
prevent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These ungracious practices of his sons did
<i>impeach</i> his journey to the Holy Land.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A defluxion on my throat <i>impeached</i> my
utterance.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To charge with a crime or misdemeanor; to
accuse; especially to charge (a public officer), before a competent
tribunal, with misbehavior in office; to cite before a tribunal for
judgment of official misconduct; to arraign; as, to <i>impeach</i> a
judge. See <u>Impeachment</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to charge with impropriety; to
dishonor; to bring discredit on; to call in question; as, to
<i>impeach</i> one's motives or conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And doth <i>impeach</i> the freedom of the
state.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To challenge or discredit the
credibility of, as of a witness, or the validity of, as of commercial
paper.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When used in law with reference to a witness, the term
signifies, to discredit, to show or prove unreliable or unworthy of
belief; when used in reference to the <i>credit</i> of witness, the
term denotes, to impair, to lessen, to disparage, to destroy. The
credit of a witness may be <i>impeached</i> by showing that he has
made statements out of court contradictory to what he swears at the
trial, or by showing that his reputation for veracity is bad,
etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To accuse; arraign; censure; criminate; indict;
impair; disparage; discredit. See <u>Accuse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im*peach"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hindrance;
impeachment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*peach"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
impeached; liable to impeachment; chargeable with a crime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Owners of lands in fee simple are not
<i>impeachable</i> for waste.</blockquote> <i>Z. Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*peach"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
impeaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*peach"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>emp&ecirc;chement</i>.] <def>The act of impeaching, or the state
of being impeached</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Hindrance;
impediment; obstruction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Willing to march on to Calais,<BR>
Without <i>impeachment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A calling to account; arraignment;
especially, of a public officer for maladministration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The consequence of Coriolanus' <i>impeachment</i> had
like to have been fatal to their state.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A calling in question as to purity of
motives, rectitude of conduct, credibility, etc.; accusation;
reproach; as, an <i>impeachment</i> of motives.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In England, it is the privilege or right of the House of
Commons to impeach, and the right of the House of Lords to try and
determine impeachments. In the United States, it is the right of the
House of Representatives to impeach, and of the Senate to try and
determine impeachments.</p>

<p><col><b>Articles of impeachment</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Article</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Impeachment of waste</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>restraint from, or accountability for, injury;
also, a suit for damages for injury.</cd>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pearl"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impearled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impearling</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>pearl</i>: cf. F.
<i>emperler</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form into pearls, or
into that which resembles pearls.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Dewdrops which the sun<BR>
<i>Impearls</i> on every leaf and every flower.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To decorate as with pearls or with
anything resembling pearls.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>With morning dews <i>impearled</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The dews of the morning <i>impearl</i> every
thorn.</blockquote> <i>R. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pec`ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impeccabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being impeccable;
exemption from sin, error, or offense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Infallibility and <i>impeccability</i> are two of his
attributes.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pec"ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impeccabilis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>peccare</i> to err, to
sin: cf. F. <i>impeccable</i>.] <def>Not liable to sin; exempt from
the possibility of doing wrong.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who is impeccable; esp., one of a sect of Gnostic heretics
who asserted their sinlessness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God is infallible, <i>impeccable</i>, and absolutely
perfect.</blockquote> <i>P. Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pec"can*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sinlessness.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pec"cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sinless;
impeccable.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`pe*cu`ni*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being impecunious.</def>  <i>Thackeray. Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"pe*cu"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>im-</i>
not + <i>pecunia</i> money: cf. F. <i>imp&eacute;cunieux</i>.]
<def>Not having money; habitually without money; poor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>impecunious</i> creature.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impeded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impeding</u>.] [L. <i>impedire</i>, lit., to entangle the feet;
pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot. See
<u>Foot</u>, and cf. <u>Impeach</u>.] <def>To hinder; to stop in
progress; to obstruct; as, to <i>impede</i> the advance of
troops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever hinders or <i>impedes</i><BR>
The action of the nobler will.</blockquote> <i>Logfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ped"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being impeded or hindered.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ped"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impedimentum</i>: cf. F. <i>impediment</i>.] <def>That which
impedes or hinders progress, motion, activity, or effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus far into the bowels of the land<BR>
Have we marched on without <i>impediment</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Impediment in speech</b></col>, <cd>a defect which
prevents distinct utterance.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hindrance; obstruction; obstacle; difficulty;
incumbrance.  -- <u>Impediment</u>, <u>Obstacle</u>,
<u>Difficulty</u>, <u>Hindrance</u>. An <i>impediment</i> literally
strikes against our feet, checking our progress, and we remove it. An
<i>obstacle</i> rises before us in our path, and we surmount or
remove it. A <i>difficulty</i> sets before us something hard to be
done, and we encounter it and overcome it. A <i>hindrance</i> holds
us back for a time, but we break away from it.</p>

<p><blockquote>The eloquence of Demosthenes was to Philip of Macedon,
a <i>difficulty</i> to be met with his best resources, an
<i>obstacle</i> to his own ambition, and an <i>impediment</i> in his
political career.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ped"i*ment</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
impede.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ped`i*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of an impediment; hindering; obstructing;
impeditive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Things so <i>impedimental</i> to success.</blockquote>
<i>G. H. Lewes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"pe*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impeditus</i>, p. p. See <u>Impede</u>.] <def>Hindered;
obstructed.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"pe*dite</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To impede.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"pe*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impeditio</i>.] <def>A hindering; a hindrance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Baxier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ped"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>imp&eacute;ditif</i>.] <def>Causing hindrance; impeding.</def>
"Cumbersome, and <i>impeditive</i> of motion."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impelled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impelling</u>.] [L. <i>impellere</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>pellere</i>, <i>pulsum</i>, to drive. See <u>Pulse</u> a beat, and
cf. <u>Impulse</u>.] <def>To drive or urge forward or on; to press
on; to incite to action or motion in any way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The surge <i>impelled</i> me on a craggy
coast.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To instigate; incite; induce; influence; force;
drive; urge; actuate; move.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pel"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impellens</i>, p. pr. of <i>impellere</i>.] <def>Having the
quality of impelling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pel"lent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An impelling power
or force.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pel"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, impels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impenned</u> (?) and <u>Impent</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Impenning</u>.] <def>To shut up or inclose,
as in a pen.</def>  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impend&ebreve;re</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>pend&ebreve;re</i>
to weigh out, pay.] <def>To pay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pend"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impending</u>.] [L. <i>impend&emacr;re</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>pend&emacr;re</i> to hang. See <u>Pendant</u>.] <def>To hang over;
to be suspended above; to threaten from near at hand; to menace; to
be imminent. See <u>Imminent</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Destruction sure o'er all your heads
<i>impends</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Im*pend"ence</hw> (?), <hw>Im*pend"en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of impending; also, that which
impends.</def> "<i>Impendence</i> of volcanic cloud."
<i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impendens</i>, p. pr. of <i>impend&emacr;re</i>.] <def>Impending;
threatening.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Impendent</i> horrors, threatening hideous
fall.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pend"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hanging over;
overhanging; suspended so as to menace; imminet;
threatening.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>impending</i> brow.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And nodding Ilion waits th' <i>impending</i>
fall.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Imminent; threatening. See <u>Imminent</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pen`e*tra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>imp&eacute;n&eacute;trabilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Quality of being impenetrable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>That property in virtue
of which two portions of matter can not at the same time occupy the
same portion of space.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Insusceptibility of intellectual or
emotional impression; obtuseness; stupidity; coldness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pen"e*tra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impenetrabilis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>penetrabilis</i>
penetrable: cf. F. <i>imp&eacute;n&eacute;trable</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being penetrated or pierced; not
admitting the passage of other bodies; not to be entered; impervious;
as, an <i>impenetrable</i> shield.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Highest woods <i>impenetrable</i><BR>
To star or sunlight.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Having the property of
preventing any other substance from occupying the same space at the
same time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inaccessible, as to knowledge, reason,
sympathy, etc.; unimpressible; not to be moved by arguments or
motives; as, an <i>impenetrable</i> mind, or heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They will be credulous in all affairs of life, but
<i>impenetrable</i> by a sermon of the gospel.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pen"e*tra*ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being impenetrable; impenetrability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pen"e*tra*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
impenetrable manner or state; imperviously.</def>
"<i>Impenetrably</i> armed." <i>Milton.</i> "<i>Impenetrably</i>
dull." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pen"i*tence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impenitentia</i>: cf. F. <i>imp&eacute;nitence</i>.] <def>The
condition of being impenitent; failure or refusal to repent; hardness
of heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will advance from one degree of wickedness and
<i>impenitence</i> to another.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pen"i*ten*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Impenitence.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pen"i*tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impaenitens</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>paenitens</i> penitens:
cf. F. <i>imp&eacute;nitent</i>. See <u>Penitent</u>.] <def>Not
penitent; not repenting of sin; not contrite; of a hard heart.</def>
"They . . . died <i>impenitent</i>." <i>Milton.</i> "A careless and
<i>impenitent</i> heart." <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pen"i*tent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is not
penitent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pen"i*tent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
repentance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pen"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Characterized by short wings covered with feathers resembling
scales, as the penguins.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of
the Impennes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Im*pen"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>penna</i> feather.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of birds, including only the penguins, in which the
wings are without quills, and not suited for flight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pen"nous</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. pref. <i>im-</i>
not + <i>penna</i> wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having no wings,
as some insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*peo"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Impeopled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Impeopling</u> (?).] [See <u>Empeople</u>.] <def>To
people; to give a population to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast helped to <i>impeople</i> hell.</blockquote>
<i>Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"pe*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>imperans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>imperare</i> to command.] <def>Commanding.</def> [R.]
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"pe*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imperatus</i>, p. p. of <i>imperare</i> to command.] <def>Done by
express direction; not involuntary; communded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>imperate</i> acts, wherein we see the empire
of the soul.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*per`a*ti"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the imperative mood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imperativus</i>, fr. <i>imperare</i> to command; pref. <i>im-</i>
in + <i>parare</i> to make ready, prepare: cf. F.
<i>imp&eacute;ratif</i>. See <u>Perade</u>, and cf. <u>Empire</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Expressive of command; containing positive
command; authoritatively or absolutely directive; commanding;
authoritative; as, <i>imperative</i> orders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The suit of kings are <i>imperative</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not to be avoided or evaded; obligatory;
binding; compulsory; as, an <i>imperative</i> duty or
order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Expressive of commund,
entreaty, advice, or exhortation; as, the imperative mood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>The imperative mood; also, a verb in the imperative
mood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
imperative manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Im`pe*ra"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Emperor</u>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A commander; a leader; an
emperor; -- originally an appellation of honor by which Roman
soldiers saluted their general after an important victory.
Subsequently the title was conferred as a recognition of great
military achievements by the senate, whence it carried wiht it some
special privileges. After the downfall of the Republic it was assumed
by Augustus and his successors, and came to have the meaning now
attached to the word <i>emperor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per`a*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imperatorius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Commanding; imperative;
authoritative.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the title or office of
imperator.</def> "<i>Imperatorial</i> laurels."  <i>C.
Merivale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*per`a*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperial.</def> [R.]  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperative.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`per*ceiv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperceptible.</def> [R.] <i>South.</i> --
<wf>Im`per*ceiv"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`per*ceived"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
perceived.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`per*cep`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being imperceptible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`per*cep"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>perceptible</i>: cf. F. <i>imperceptible</i>.] <def>Not
perceptible; not to be apprehended or cognized by the senses; not
discernible by the mind; not easily apprehended.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Almost <i>imperceptible</i> to the touch.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Its operation is slow, and in some cases almost
<i>imperceptible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im`per*cep"ti*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im`per*cep"ti*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Their . . . subtilty and
<i>imperceptibleness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`per*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
perception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`per*cep"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unable to
perceive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>imperceptive</i> part of the soul.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`per*cip"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
perceiving, or not able to perceive.</def>  <i>A. Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*per`di*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being imperdible.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"di*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
not + L. <i>perdere</i> to destroy.] <def>Not destructible.</def>
[Obs.] -- <wf>Im*per"di*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*per"fect</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imperfectus</i>: pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>perfectus</i> perfect:
cf. F <i>imparfait</i>, whence OE. <i>imparfit</i>. See
<u>Perfect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not perfect; not complete in
all its parts; wanting a part; deective; deficient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Something he left <i>imperfect</i> in the
state.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why, then, your other senses grow
<i>imperfect</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in some elementary organ that is
essential to successful or normal activity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . stammered like a child, or an amazed,
<i>imperfect</i> person.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not fulfilling its design; not realizing
an ideal; not conformed to a standard or rule; not satisfying the
taste or conscience; esthetically or morally defective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing <i>imperfect</i> or deficient left<BR>
Of all that he created.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then say not man's <i>imperfect</i>, Heaven in
fault;<BR>
Say rather, man's as perfect as he ought.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Imperfect arch</b></col>, <cd>an arch of less than a
semicircle; a skew arch.</cd> -- <col><b>Imperfect cadence</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>one not ending with the tonic, but with the
dominant or some other chord; one not giving complete rest; a half
close.</cd> -- <col><b>Imperfect consonances</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>chords like the third and sixth, whose ratios are less simple
than those of the fifth and forth.</cd> -- <col><b>Imperfect
flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a flower wanting either stamens
or pistils.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Imperfect interval</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>one a semitone less than perfect; as, an
<i>imperfect</i> fifth.</cd> -- <col><b>Imperfect number</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a number either greater or less than the sum of
its several divisors; in the former case, it is called also a
<i>defective number</i>; in the latter, an <i>abundant
number</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Imperfect obligations</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>obligations as of charity or gratitude, which
cannot be enforced by law.</cd> -- <col><b>Imperfect power</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a number which can not be produced by taking any
whole number or vulgar fraction, as a factor, the number of times
indicated by the power; thus, 9 is a perfect square, but an
<i>imperfect</i> cube.</cd> -- <col><b>Imperfect tense</b></col>
<i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a tense expressing past time and incomplete
action.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 735 !></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"fect</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>The imperfect tense; or the form of a verb denoting the
imperfect tense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"fect</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
imperfect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`per*fec`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being imperfectible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`per*fec"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incapable of being made perfect.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`per*fec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imperfectio</i>: cf. F. <i>imperfection</i>. See <u>Imperfect</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The quality or condition of being
imperfect; want of perfection; incompleteness; deficiency; fault or
blemish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sent to my account<BR>
With all my <i>imperfections</i> on my head.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Defect; deficiency; incompleteness; fault; failing;
weakness; frailty; foible; blemish; vice.</p>

<p><hw>Im*per"fect*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being imperfect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"fo*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Imperforate</u>.] <def>Incapable of being perforated, or bored
through.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Im*per"fo*ra"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Imperforate</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
Foraminifera, including those in which the shell is not
porous.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Im*per"fo*rate</hw> (?), <hw>Im*per"fo*ra"ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>perforatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>perforate</i> to perforate. See <u>Perforate</u>.] <def>Not
perforated; having no opening or aperture.</def>  <i>Sir J.
Banks.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*per`fo*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>imperforation</i>.] <def>The state of being without
perforation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pe"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>emperial</i>, OF. <i>emperial</i>, F. <i>imp&eacute;rial</i>, fr.
L. <i>imperialis</i>, fr. <i>imperium</i> command, sovereignty,
empire. See <u>Empire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining
to an empire, or to an emperor; as, an <i>imperial</i> government;
<i>imperial</i> authority or edict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The last<BR>
That wore the <i>imperial</i> diadem of Rome.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to, or suitable to, supreme
authority, or one who wields it; royal; sovereign; supreme.</def>
"The <i>imperial</i> democracy of Athens."  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who, as Ulysses says, opinion crowns<BR>
With an <i>imperial</i> voice.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To tame the proud, the fetter'd slave to free,<BR>
These are <i>imperial</i> arts, and worthy thee.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He sounds his <i>imperial</i> clarion along the whole
line of battle.</blockquote> <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of superior or unusual size or excellence;
as, <i>imperial</i> paper; <i>imperial</i> tea, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Imperial bushel</b></col>, <col><b>gallon</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See <u>Bushel</u>, <u>Gallon</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Imperial chamber</b></col>, <cd>the, the sovereign court of
the old German empire.</cd> -- <col><b>Imperial city</b></col>,
<cd>under the first German empire, a city having no head but the
emperor.</cd> -- <col><b>Imperial diet</b></col>, <cd>an assembly of
all the states of the German empire.</cd> -- <col><b>Imperial
drill</b></col>. <i>(Manuf.)</i> <cd>See under 8th <u>Drill</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Imperial eagle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Eagle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Imperial green</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Paris green</i>, under <u>Green</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Imperial
guard</b></col>, <cd>the royal guard instituted by Napoleon I.</cd> -
- <col><b>Imperial weights and measures</b></col>, <cd>the standards
legalized by the British Parliament.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*pe"ri*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>imp&eacute;riale</i>: cf. Sp. <i>imperial</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The tuft of hair on a man's lower lip and
chin; -- so called from the style of beard of Napoleon III.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An outside seat on a diligence.</def>
<i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A luggage case on the top of a
coach.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything of unusual size or excellence, as
a large decanter, a kind of large photograph, a large sheet of
drawing, printing, or writing paper, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A gold coin of Russia worth ten rubles, or
about eight dollars.</def>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A kind of fine cloth brought into England
from Greece. or other Eastern countries, in the Middle
Ages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pe"ri*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The power
or character of an emperor; imperial authority; the spirit of
empire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Roman <i>imperialism</i> had divided the
world.</blockquote> <i>C. H. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pe"ri*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>imp&eacute;rialiste</i>.] <def>One who serves an emperor; one who
favors imperialism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pe`ri*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Imperialities</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Imperial power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An imperial right or privilegs. See
<u>Royalty</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The late empress having, by ukases of grace,
relinquished her <i>imperialities</i> on the private mines, viz., the
tenths of the copper, iron, silver and gold.</blockquote> <i>W.
Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pe"ri*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Imperialized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Imperializing</u> (?).] <def>To invest with
imperial authority, character, or style; to bring to the form of an
empire.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pe"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
imperial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pe"ri*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Imperial
power.</def> [R.]  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imperiled</u> (?) or <u>Imperilled</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Imperiling</u> or <u>Imperilling</u>.]
<def>To bring into peril; to endanger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"il*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
imperiling, or the state of being imperiled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pe"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imperiosus</i>: cf. F. <i>imp&eacute;rieux</i>. See
<u>Imperial</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Commanding; ascendant;
imperial; lordly; majestic.</def> [Obs.] "A vast and <i>imperious</i>
mind."  <i>Tilloison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore, great lords, be, as your titles
witness,<BR>
<i>Imperious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Haughly; arrogant; overbearing; as, an
<i>imperious</i> tyrant; an <i>imperious</i> manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>imperious</i> man will work us all<BR>
From princes into pages.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His bold, contemptuous, and <i>imperious</i> spirit
soon made him conspicuous.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Imperative; urgent; compelling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Imperious</i> need, which can not be
withstood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dictatorial; haughty; domineering; overbearing;
lordly; tyrannical; despotic; arrogant; imperative; authoritative;
commanding; pressing.  -- <u>Imperious</u>, <u>Lordly</u>,
<u>Domineering</u>. One who is <i>imperious</i> exercises his
authority in a manner highly offensive for its spirit and tone; one
who is <i>lordly</i> assumes a lofty air in order to display his
importance; one who is <i>domineering</i> gives orders in a way to
make others feel their inferiority.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pe"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
imperious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pe"ri*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being imperious; arrogance; haughtiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Imperiousness</i> and severity is but an ill way of
treating men who have reason of their own to guide them.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*per`ish*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being imperishable: indstructibility.</def> "The
<i>imperishability</i> of the universe."  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"ish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>perishable</i>: cf. F. <i>imp&eacute;rissable</i>.]
<def>Not perishable; not subject to decay; indestructible; enduring
permanently; as, an <i>imperishable</i> monument; <i>imperishable</i>
renown.</def> -- <wf>Im*per"ish*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Im*per"ish*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"i"wigged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
periwig.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Im*per"ma*nence</hw> (?), <hw>Im*per"ma*nen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>lack of permanence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"ma*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
permanent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per`me*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>im-</i> not + <i>permeability</i>: cf. F.
<i>imperm&eacute;abilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
impermeable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"me*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>permeable</i>: cf. F. <i>imperm&eacute;able</i>, L.
<i>impermeabilis</i>.] <def>Not permeable; not permitting passage, as
of a fluid. through its substance; impervious; impenetrable; as,
India rubber is <i>impermeable</i> to water and to air.</def> --
<wf>Im*per"me*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*per"me*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im`per*mis"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
permissible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`per*scru"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imperscrutabilis</i>.] <def>Not capable of being searched out;
inscrutable.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Im`per*scru"ta*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`per*sev"er*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
persevering; fickle; thoughtless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*per"son*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impersonalis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not +  <i>personalis</i>
personal: cf. F. <i>impersonnel</i>. See <u>Personal</u>.] <def>Not
personal; not representing a person; not having
personality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An almighty but <i>impersonal</i> power, called
Fate.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Stephen.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Impersonal verb</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a verb used
with an indeterminate subject, commonly, in English, with the
impersonal pronoun <i>it</i>; as, <i>it rains</i>; <i>it snows</i>;
<i>methinks</i> (it seems to me). Many verbs which are not strictly
impersonal are often used impersonally; as, <i>it goes</i> well with
him.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"son*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which wants
personality; specifically <i>(Gram.)</i>, an impersonal
verb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per`son*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being impersonal; want or absence of
personality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"son*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
impersonal manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"son*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Impersonated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Impersonating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To invest
with personality; to endow with the form of a living being.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ascribe the qualities of a person to;
to personify.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assume, or to represent, the person or
character of; to personate; as, he <i>impersonated</i>
Macbeth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Benedict <i>impersonated</i> his age.</blockquote>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Im*per`son*a"tion</hw> (?), <hw>Im`per*son`i*fi*ca"tion</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of impersonating;
personification; investment with personality; representation in a
personal form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"son*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
impersonates; an actor; a mimic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per`spi*cu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
perspicuity or clearness; vagueness; ambiguity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`per*spic"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
perspicuous; not clear; obscure; vague; ambiguous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`per*suad"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Impersuasible</u>.] <def>Not to be persuaded; obstinate;
unyielding; impersuasible.</def> -- <wf>Im`per*suad"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im`per*sua"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>persuasible</i>: cf. OF. <i>impersuasible</i>.]
<def>Not persuasible; not to be moved by persuasion; inflexible;
impersuadable.</def> <i>Dr. H. More.</i> --
<wf>Im`per*sua`si*bil"i*ty</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"ti*nence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impertinence</i>. See <u>Impertinent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The condition or quality of being impertinent; absence of
pertinence, or of adaptedness; irrelevance; unfitness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conduct or language unbecoming the person,
the society, or the circumstances; rudeness; incivility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We should avoid the vexation and <i>impertinence</i>
of pedants who affect to talk in a language not to be
understood.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is impertinent; a thing out of
place, or of no value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are many subtile <i>impertinences</i> learned in
schools.</blockquote> <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"ti*nen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Impertinence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O, matter and <i>impertinency</i> mixed!<BR>
Reason in madness!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"ti*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>impertinens</i>, <i>-entis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not +
<i>pertinens</i>. See <u>Pertinent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
pertinent; not pertaining to the matter in hand; having no bearing on
the subject; not to the point; irrelevant; inapplicable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Things that are <i>impertinent</i> to us.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>impertinent</i> that grief was which served no
end!</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contrary to, or offending against, the
rules of propriety or good breeding; guilty of, or prone to, rude,
unbecoming, or uncivil words or actions; as, an <i>impertient</i>
coxcomb; an <i>impertient</i> remark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Trifing; inattentive; frivolous.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rude; officious; intrusive; saucy; unmannerly;
meddlesome; disrespectful; impudent; insolent.  --
<u>Impertinent</u>, <u>Officious</u>, <u>Rude</u>. A person is
<i>officious</i> who obtrudes his <i>offices</i> or assistance where
they are not needed; he is <i>impertinent</i> when he intermeddles in
things with which he has no concern. The former shows a want of tact,
the latter a want of breeding, or, more commonly, a spirit of sheer
impudence. A person is <i>rude</i> when he violates the proprieties
of social life either from ignorance or wantonness. "An
<i>impertinent</i> man will ask questions for the mere gratification
of curiosity; a <i>rude</i> man will burst into the room of another,
or push against his person, inviolant of all decorum; one who is
<i>officious</i> is quite as unfortunate as he is troublesome; when
he strives to serve, he has the misfortune to annoy." <i>Crabb.</i>
See <u>Impudence</u>, and <u>Insolent</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im*per"ti*nent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An impertinent
person.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*per"ti*nent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
impertinent manner.</def> "Not to betray myself
<i>impertinently</i>."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`per*tran`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being impertransible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`per*tran"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. pref.
<i>im-</i> not + <i>pertransire</i> to go through. See <u>Per-</u>
and <u>Transient</u>.] <def>Incapable of being passed through.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`per*turb`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state or quality of being imperturbable.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Im`per*turb"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imperturbabilis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>perturbare</i> to
disturb: cf. F. <i>imperturbable</i>. See <u>Perture</u>.]
<def>Incapable of being disturbed or disconcerted; as,
<i>imperturbable</i> gravity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`per*turb"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
imperturbable manner; calmly.</def>  <i>C. Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*per`tur*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imperturbatio</i>.] <def>Freedom from agitation of mind; calmness;
quietude.</def>  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`per*turbed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
perturbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per`vi*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being imperviable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*per"vi*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
pervious; impervious.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Im*per"vi*a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*per"vi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impervius</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>per</i> through +
<i>via</i> way. See <u>Voyage</u>.] <def>Not pervious; not admitting
of entrance or passage through; as, a substance <i>impervious</i> to
water or air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This gulf impassable, <i>impervious</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The minds of these zealots were absolutely
<i>impervious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impassable; pathless; impenetrable; imperviable;
impermeable.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Im*per"vi*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*per"vi*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Empery.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To affict with
pestilence; to infect, as with plague.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pes"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pester</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`pe*tig"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impetiginous</i>: cf. F. <i>imp&eacute;tigineux</i>.] <def>Of the
nature of, or pertaining to, impetigo.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Im`pe*ti"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>impetere</i> to attack.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cutaneous, pustular
eruption, not attended with fever; usually, a kind of eczema with
pustulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"pe*tra*ble</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impetrabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>imp&eacute;trable</i>. See
<u>Impetrate</u>.] <def>Capable of being obtained or moved by
petition.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"pe*trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impetratus</i>, p. p. of <i>impetrare</i> to obtain; pref. <i>im-
</i> in + <i>patrare</i> to bring to pass.] <def>Obtained by
entreaty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ld. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"pe*trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Impetrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Impetrating</u> (?).] <def>To obtain by request or
entreaty.</def>  <i>Usher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`pe*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impetratio</i>: cf. F. <i>imp&eacute;tration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of impetrating, or obtaining by
petition or entreaty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In way of <i>impertation</i> procuring the removal or
allevation of our crosses.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>The obtaining of
benefice from Rome by solicitation, which benefice belonged to the
disposal of the king or other lay patron of the realm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"pe*tra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impetrativus</i> obtained by entreaty.] <def>Of the nature of
impetration; getting, or tending to get, by entreaty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"pe*tra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
or expressing entreaty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pet`u*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>imp&eacute;tuosit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
condition or quality of being impetuous; fury; violence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vehemence, or furiousnes of temper.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pet"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>impetueux</i>, L. <i>impetuosus</i>. See <u>Impetus</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rushing with force and violence; moving with
impetus; furious; forcible; violent; as, an <i>impetuous</i> wind; an
<i>impetuous</i> torrent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Went pouring forward with <i>impetuous</i>
speed.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vehement in feeling; hasty; passionate;
violent; as, a man of <i>impetuous</i> temper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people, on their holidays,<BR>
<i>Impetuous</i>, insolent, unquenchable.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Forcible; rapid; hasty; precipitate; furious;
boisterous; violent; raging; fierce; passionate.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Im*pet"u*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*pet"u*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im"pe*tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>impetere</i> to rush upon, attack; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>petere</i> to fall upon, seek. See <u>Petition</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A property possessed by a moving body in
virtue of its weight and its motion; the force with which any body is
driven or impelled; momentum.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Momentum</i> is the technical term, <i>impetus</i> its
popular equivalent, yet differing from it as applied commonly to
bodies moving or moved suddenly or violently, and indicating the
origin and intensity of the motion, rather than its quantity or
effectiveness.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Impulse; incentive; vigor;
force.</def>  <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>The altitude through which a
heavy body must fall to acquire a velocity equal to that with which a
ball is discharged from a piece.</def></p>

<p><! p. 736 !></p>

<p><hw>Im"pey*an pheas"ant</hw> (&ibreve;m"p&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n
f&ebreve;z"<i>a</i>nt). [From Lady <i>Impey</i>, who attempted to
naturalize the bird in England.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An Indian
crested pheasant of the genus <i>Lophophorus</i>. Several species are
known. Called also <i>monaul</i>, <i>monal</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are remarkable for the bright color and brilliant
matallic hues of their plumage. The best known species (<i>L.
Impeyanus</i>) has the neck of a brilliant metallic red, changing to
golden yellow in certain lights.</p>

<p><hw>Im"phee</hw> (&ibreve;m"f&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The African sugar cane (<i>Holcus
saccharatus</i>), -- resembling the sorghum, or Chinese sugar
cane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pic"tured</hw> (&ibreve;m*p&ibreve;k"t&usl;rd; 135),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pictured; impressed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pierce"</hw> (&ibreve;m*p&emacr;rs"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>pierce</i>.  Cf.
<u>Empierce</u>.] <def>To pierce; to penetrate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pierce"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l) <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Not capable of being pierced; impenetrable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pi"e*ty</hw> (&ibreve;m*p&imacr;"&esl;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Impieties</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z). [L. <i>impietas</i>, fr. <i>impius</i> impious; cf. F.
<i>impi&eacute;t&eacute;</i>. See <u>Impious</u>, <u>Piety</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being impious; want of piety;
irreverence toward the Supreme Being; ungodliness;
wickedness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An impious act; an act of
wickedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>impieties</i> for the which they are now
visited.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ungodliness; irreligion; unrighteousness;
sinfulness; profaneness; wickedness; godlessness.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pig"no*rate</hw> (&ibreve;m*p&ibreve;g"n&osl;*r&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL. <i>impignoratus</i>, p. pl of
<i>impignorare</i> to pawn. See <u>Pignoration</u>.] <def>To pledge
or pawn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Laing.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pig`no*ra"tion</hw> (-r&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>impignoratio</i>: cf. F.
<i>impignoration</i>.] <def>The act of pawning or pledging; the state
of being pawned.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Imp"ing</hw> (&ibreve;mp"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Imp</u> to graft.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process
of grafting or mending.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>The process of repairing
broken feathers or a deficient wing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pinge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impinged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impinging</u> (?).] [L. <i>impingere</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>pangere</i> to fix, strike; prob. akin to <i>pacisci</i> to agree,
contract. See <u>Pact</u>, and cf. <u>Impact</u>.] <def>To fall or
dash against; to touch upon; to strike; to hit; to clash with; --
with on or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cause of reflection is not the <i>impinging</i> of
light on the solid or impervious parts of bodies.</blockquote> <i>Sir
I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But, in the present order of things, not to be
employed without <i>impinging</i> on God's justice.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pinge"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
impinging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pin"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impingens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Striking against or upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pin"guate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impinguatus</i>, p. p. of <i>impinguare</i> to fatten; pref.
<i>im-</i> in + <i>pinguis</i> fat.] <def>To fatten; to make
fat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`pin*gua"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
making fat, or the state of being fat or fattened.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im"pi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>impius</i>;
pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>pius</i> piou. See <u>Pious</u>.] <def>Not
pious; wanting piety; irreligious; irreverent; ungodly; profane;
wanting in reverence for the Supreme Being; as, an <i>impious</i>
deed; <i>impious</i> language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When vice prevails, and <i>impious</i> men bear
away,<BR>
The post of honor is a private station.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Impious</u>, <u>Irreligious</u>, <u>Profane</u>.
<i>Irreligious</i> is negative, <i>impious</i> and <i>profane</i> are
positive. An indifferent man may be <i>irreligious</i>; a
<i>profane</i> man is irreverent in speech and conduct; an
<i>impious</i> man is wickedly and boldly defiant in the strongest
sense. <i>Profane</i> also has the milder sense of <i>secular</i>.
<i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im"pi*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im"pi*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im"pire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Umpire</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Imp"ish</hw> (&ibreve;mp"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the qualities, or showing the characteristics, of an
imp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Imp"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of
an imp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pit"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pitiless;
cruel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pla`ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>implacabilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>implacabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being implacable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pla"ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>implacabilis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>placabilis</i>: cf. F.
<i>implacable</i>. See <u>Placable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
placable; not to be appeased; incapable of being pacified;
inexorable; as, an implacable prince.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I see thou art <i>implacable</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An object of <i>implacable</i> enmity.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being relieved or assuaged;
inextinguishable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O! how I burn with <i>implacable</i>
fire.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which wrought them pain<BR>
<i>Implacable</i>, and many a dolorous groan.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unappeasable; inexorable; irreconcilable;
unrelenting; relentless; unyielding.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pla"ca*ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being implacable; implacability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pla"ca*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
implacable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pla*cen"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Without a placenta, as marsupials and
monotremes.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mammal having no
placenta.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Im`pla*cen*ta"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Placental</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
primary division of the Mammalia, including the monotremes and
marsupials, in which no placenta is formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*plant"</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Implanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Implanting</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>plant</i>: cf. F.
<i>implanter</i>.] <def>To plant, or infix, for the purpose of
growth; to fix deeply; to instill; to inculate; to introduce; as, to
<i>implant</i> the seeds of virtue, or the principles of knowledge,
in the minds of youth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Minds well <i>implanted</i> with solid . . .
breeding.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`plan*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>implantation</i>.] <def>The act or process of
implanting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*plate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Implated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Implating</u>.] <def>To cover with plates; to sheathe; as, to
<i>implate</i> a ship with iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*plau`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want
of plausibility; the quality of being implausible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*plau"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>plausible</i>: cf. F. <i>implausible</i>.] <def>Not
plausible; not wearing the appearance of truth or credibility, and
not likely to be believed.</def> "<i>Implausible</i> harangues."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im*plau"si*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*plau"si*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*pleach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pleach;
to interweave.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plead"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impleaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impleading</u>.] [Cf. <u>Emplead</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To
institute and prosecute a suit against, in court; to sue or prosecute
at law; hence, to accuse; to impeach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*plead"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sue at
law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*plead"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
admitting excuse, evasion, or plea; rigorous.</def> [R.]  <i>T.
Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plead"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who prosecutes or sues another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pleas"ing</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unpleasing;
displeasing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Overbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pledge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
pledge.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"ple*ment</hw> (&ibreve;m"pl&esl;*m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>implementum</i> accomplishment, fr. L.
<i>implere</i>, <i>impletum</i>, to fill up, finish, complete; pref.
<i>im-</i> in + <i>plere</i> to fill. The word was perh. confused
with OF. <i>empleier</i>, <i>emploier</i>, to employ, F.
<i>employer</i>, whence E. <i>employ</i>. See <u>Plenty</u>.]
<def>That which fulfills or supplies a want or use; esp., an
instrument, tool, or utensil, as supplying a requisite to an end; as,
the <i>implements</i> of trade, of husbandry, or of war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Genius must have talent as its complement and
<i>implement</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"ple*ment</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To accomplish; to fulfill.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Revenge . . . executed and <i>implemented</i> by the
hand of Vanbeest Brown.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To provide with an implement or
implements; to cause to be fulfilled, satisfied, or carried out, by
means of an implement or implements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The chief mechanical requisites of the barometer are
<i>implemented</i> in such an instrument as the
following.</blockquote> <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>To fulfill or perform,
as a contract or an engagement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`ple*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or characterized by, implements or their use;
mechanical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*ple"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impletio</i>. See <u>Implement</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of filling, or the state of being full.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which fills up; filling.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"plex</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>implexus</i>, p.
p. of <i>implectere</i> to infold; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>plectere</i> to plait: cf. F <i>implexe</i>.] <def>Intricate;
entangled; complicated; complex.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fable of every poem is . . . simple or
<i>implex</i>. it is called simple when there is no change of fortune
in it; <i>implex</i>, when the fortune of the chief actor changes
from bad to good, or from good to bad.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plex"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>implexio</i>.] <def>Act of involving, or state of being involved;
involution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pli"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not pliable;
inflexible; unyielding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Implicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Implicating</u>.] [L. <i>implicatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>implicare</i> to involve; pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>plicare</i> to
fold. See <u>Employ</u>, <u>Ply</u>, and cf. <u>Imply</u>,
<u>Implicit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To infold; to fold
together; to interweave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The meeting boughs and <i>implicated</i>
leaves.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring into connection with; to involve;
to connect; -- applied to persons, in an unfavorable sense; as, the
evidence <i>implicates</i> many in this conspiracy; to be
<i>implicated</i> in a crime, a discreditable transaction, a fault,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>implicatio</i>: cf. F. <i>implication</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of implicating, or the state of being
implicated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Three principal causes of firmness are. the grossness,
the quiet contact, and the <i>implication</i> of component
parts.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An implying, or that which is implied, but
not expressed; an inference, or something which may fairly be
understood, though not expressed in words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever things, therefore, it was asserted that the
king might do, it was a necessary <i>implication</i> that there were
other things which he could not do.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"pli*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
implicate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"pli*ca*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
implication.</def>  <i>Sir G. Buck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plic"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>implicitus</i>, p. p. of <i>implicare</i> to entwine, entangle,
attach closely: cf. F. <i>implicite</i>. See <u>Implicate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Infolded; entangled; complicated;
involved.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In his woolly fleece<BR>
I cling <i>implicit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tacitly comprised; fairly to be
understood, though not expressed in words; implied; as, an implicit
contract or agreement.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Resting on another; trusting in the word
or authority of another, without doubt or reserve; unquestioning;
complete; as, <i>implicit</i> confidence; <i>implicit</i>
obedience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Back again to <i>implicit</i> faith I
fall.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Implicit function</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Function</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*plic"it*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an implicit manner; without reserve; with
unreserved confidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not to dispute the methods of his providence, but
humbly and <i>implicitly</i> to acquiesce in and adore
them.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By implication; impliedly; as, to deny the
providence of God is <i>implicitly</i> to deny his existence.</def>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plic"it*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or
quality of being implicit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*plic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Implicitness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plied"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Virtually
involved or included; involved in substance; inferential; tacitly
conceded; -- the correlative of express, or expressed. See
<u>Imply</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pli"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
implication or inference.</def>  <i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plod"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phon.)</i>
<def>Formed by implosion.</def>  <i>Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plod"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phon.)</i>
<def>An implosive sound.</def>  <i>Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`plo*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imploratio</i>: cf. OF. <i>imploration</i>. See <u>Implore</u>.]
<def>The act of imploring; earnest supplication.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"plo*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
implores.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Mere <i>implorators</i> of unholy suits.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plor"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Supplicatory; entreating.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Implored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imploring</u>.] [L. <i>implorare</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>plorare</i> to cry aloud. See <u>Deplore</u>.] <def>To call upon,
or for, in supplication; to beseech; to pray to, or for, earnestly;
to petition with urgency; to entreat; to beg; -- followed directly by
the word expressing the thing sought, or the person from whom it is
sought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Imploring</i> all the gods that reign
above.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I kneel, and then <i>implore</i> her
blessing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To beseech; supplicate; crave; entreat; beg;
solicit; petition; prey; request; adjure. See <u>Beseech</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im*plore"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To entreat; to
beg; to prey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*plore"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Imploration.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plor"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
implores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*plor"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That implores;
beseeching; entreating.</def> -- <wf>Im*plor"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*plo"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed by
substitution of pref. <i>im-</i> in for pref. <i>ex-</i> in
<i>explosion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bursting inwards, as of
a vessel from which the air has been exhausted; -- contrasted with
<i>explosion</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A sudden compression of the
air in the mouth, simultaneously with and affecting the sound made by
the closure of the organs in uttering <i>p</i>, <i>t</i>, or
<i>k</i>, at the end of a syllable (see <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect;159, 189); also, a similar compression
made by an upward thrust of the larynx without any accompanying
explosive action, as in the peculiar sound of <i>b</i>, <i>d</i>, and
<i>g</i>, heard in Southern Germany.</def>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plo"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phon.)</i>
<def>Formed by implosion.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
implosive sound, an implodent.</def> -- <wf>Im*plo"sive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plumed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not plumed;
without plumes or feathers; featherless.</def> [R.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*plunge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
plunge.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Im*plu"vi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>impluere</i> to rain into; pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>pluere</i> to
rain.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>In Roman dwellings, a cistern or tank, set
in the atrium or peristyle to recieve the water from the roof, by
means of the <i>compluvium</i>; generally made ornamental with
flowers and works of art around its birm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*ply"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Implied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Implying</u>.] [From the same source as employ. See <u>Employ</u>,
<u>Ply</u>, and cf. <u>Implicate</u>, <u>Apply</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To infold or involve; to wrap up.</def>
[Obs.] "His head in curls <i>implied</i>."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To involve in substance or essence, or by
fair inference, or by construction of law, when not include
virtually; as, war <i>implies</i> fighting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where a malicious act is proved, a malicious intention
is <i>implied</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Sherlock.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When a man employs a laborer to work for him, . . .
the act of hiring <i>implies</i> an obligation and a promise that he
shall pay him a reasonable reward for his services.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To refer, ascribe, or attribute.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whence might this distaste arise?</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>If [from] neither your perverse and peevish will.<BR>
To which I most <i>imply</i> it.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To involve; include; comprise; import; mean;
denote; signify; betoken. See <u>Involve</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im*poi"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Empoison</u>.] <def>To poison; to imbitter; to impair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*poi"son*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
poisoner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*poi"son*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Empoisonment</u>.] <def>The act of poisoning or impoisoning.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Im*po"lar*i*ly</hw> (?), <hw>Im*po"lar*ly</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not according to or in, the direction of
the poles.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pol"i*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being impolitic; inexpedience; unsuitableness to the end proposed;
bads policy; as, the <i>impolicy</i> of fraud.</def>  <i>Bp.
Horsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`po*lite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impolitus</i> unpolishied, pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>politus</i>,
p. p. of <i>polire</i> to polish, refine. See <u>Polite</u>.]
<def>Not polite; not of polished manners; wanting in good manners;
discourteous; uncivil; rude.</def> -- <wf>Im`po*lite"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Im`po*lite"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*pol"i*tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
not + <i>politic</i>; cf. F. <i>impolitique</i>.] <def>Not politic;
contrary to, or wanting in, policy; unwise; imprudent; indiscreet;
inexpedient; as, an <i>impolitic</i> ruler, law, or
measure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most unjust and <i>impolitic</i> of all things,
unequal taxation.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Indiscreet; inexpedient; undiplomatic.</p>

<p><! p. 737 !></p>

<p><hw>Im`po*lit"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Impolitic.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Im`po*lit"i*cal*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pol"i*tic*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
impolitic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pol"i*tic*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being impolitic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pon`der*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impond&eacute;rabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of
being imponderable; imponderableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pon"der*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>ponderable</i>: cf. F. <i>impond&eacute;rable</i>.]
<def>Not ponderable; without sensible or appreciable weight;
incapable of being weighed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pon"der*a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>An imponderable substance or body; specifically, in the plural,
a name formerly applied to heat, light, electricity, and magnetism,
regarded as subtile fluids destitute of weight but in modern science
little used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pon"der*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being imponderable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pon"der*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imponderable.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir T. Browne.</i> --
<wf>Im*pon"der*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imponere</i>, <i>impositum</i>, to place upon; pref. <i>im-</i> in
+ <i>ponere</i> to place. See <u>Position</u>.] <def>To stake; to
wager; to pledge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Against the which he has <i>imponed</i>, as I take it,
six French rapiers and poniards.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Im*poo"fo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The eland.</def> [Written also <i>impoofoo</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Im*poon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The duykerbok.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*poor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
impoverish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`po*ros"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perf. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>porosity</i>: cf. F. <i>imporosit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The state or quality of being imporous; want of porosity;
compactness.</def> "The . . . <i>imporosity</i> betwixt the tangible
parts."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*por"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
pores; very close or compact in texture; solid.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imported</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Importing</u>.] [L. <i>importare</i> to bring in, to occasion, to
cause; pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>portare</i> to bear. Sense 3 comes
through F. <i>importer</i>, from the Latin. See <u>Port</u>
demeanor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring in from abroad; to
introduce from without; especially, to bring (wares or merchandise)
into a place or country from a foreign country, in the transactions
of commerce; -- opposed to <i>export</i>. We <i>import</i> teas from
China, coffee from Brasil, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry or include, as meaning or
intention; to imply; to signify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every petition . . . doth . . . always <i>import</i> a
multitude of speakers together.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be of importance or consequence to; to
have a bearing on; to concern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a motion much <i>imports</i> your
good.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I endure it, what <i>imports</i> it
you?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To denote; mean; signify; imply; indicate; betoken;
interest; concern.</p>

<p><hw>Im*port"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To signify; to
purport; to be of moment.</def> "For that . . . <i>importeth</i> to
the work."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"port</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Merchandise imported, or brought into a country from without its
boundaries; -- generally in the plural, opposed to
<i>exports</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I take the <i>imports</i> from, and not the exports
to, these conquests, as the measure of these advantages which we
derived from them.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which a word, phrase, or document
contains as its signification or intention or interpretation of a
word, action, event, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Importance; weight; consequence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most serious design, and the great
<i>import</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*port"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>importable</i>. See <u>Import</u>.] <def>Capable of being
imported.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*port"a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>importabilis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>portabilis</i>
bearable: cf. OF. <i>importable</i>. See <u>Portable</u>.] <def>Not
to be endured; insupportable; intolerable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <wf>Im*port"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*por"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>importance</i>. See <u>Important</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being important; consequence; weight; moment;
significance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy own <i>importance</i> know,<BR>
Nor bound thy narrow views to things below.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subject; matter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Upon <i>importance</i> of so slight and trivial a
nature.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Import; meaning; significance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The wisest beholder could not say if the
<i>importance</i> were joy or sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Importunity; solicitation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At our <i>importance</i> hither is he
come.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*por"tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Importance;
significance; consequence; that which is important.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i> "Careful to conceal <i>importancies</i>."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*por"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>important</i>. See <u>Import</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of, or burdened by, import; charged with
great interests; restless; anxious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast strength as much<BR>
As serves to execute a mind very <i>important</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Carrying or possessing weight or
consequence; of valuable content or bearing; significant;
weighty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Things small as nothing . . . <BR>
He makes <i>important</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bearing on; forcible; driving.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He fiercely at him flew,<BR>
And with <i>important</i> outrage him assailed.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Importunate; pressing; urgent.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Weighty; momentous; significant; essential;
necessary; considerable; influential; serious.</p>

<p><hw>Im*por"tant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
important manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`por*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>importation</i>. See <u>Import</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of carrying, conveying, or
delivering.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of importing, or
bringing into a country or state; -- opposed to
<i>exportation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is imported; commodities or
wares introduced into a country from abroad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*port"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
imports; the merchant who brings goods into a country or state; --
opposed to <i>exporter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*port"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
meaning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*port"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Void of
meaning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*por"tu*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heavy;
insupportable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*por"tu*na*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Importunate</u>.] <def>The quality of being importunate;
importunateness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*por"tu*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Importune</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Troublesomely urgent;
unreasonably solicitous; overpressing in request or demand; urgent;
teasing; as, an <i>impotunate</i> petitioner, curiosity.</def>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hard to be borne; unendurable.</def> [R.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im*por"tu*nate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*por"tu*nate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*por"tu*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
importunes; an importuner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir E. Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`por*tune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>importun</i>, L. <i>importunus</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + a
derivative from the root of <i>portus</i> harbor, <i>importunus</i>
therefore orig. meaning, hard of access. See <u>Port</u> harbor, and
cf. <u>Importunate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inopportune;
unseasonable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Troublesome; vexatious; persistent;
urgent; hence, vexatious on account of untimely urgency or
pertinacious solicitation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And their <i>importune</i> fates all
satisfied.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of all other affections it [envy] is the most
<i>importune</i> and continual.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`por*tune"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Importuned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Importuning</u>.] [From <u>Importune</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>:
cf. F. <i>importuner</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To request or
solicit, with urgency; to press with frequent, unreasonable, or
troublesome application or pertinacity; hence, to tease; to irritate;
to worry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their ministers and residents here have perpetually
<i>importuned</i> the court with unreasonable demands.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To import; to signify.</def> [Obs.] "It
<i>importunes</i> death."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`por*tune"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To require; to
demand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We shall write to you,<BR>
As time and our concernings shall <i>importune</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`por*tune"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
importune manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`por*tun"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
importunes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`por*tu"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Importunities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>importunitas</i>
unsuitableness, rudeness: cf. F. <i>importunit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality of being importunate; pressing or pertinacious solicitation;
urgent request; incessant or frequent application; troublesome
pertinacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'ercome with <i>importunity</i> and
tears.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*por"tu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>importuosus</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>portuosus</i> abounding
in harbors, fr. <i>portus</i> harbor.] <def>Without a port or
harbor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>imposable</i>.] <def>Capable of being imposed or laid on.</def>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being imposable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imposing</u>.] [F. <i>imposer</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>poser</i> to place. See <u>Pose</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay on; to set or place; to put; to
deposit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cakes of salt and barley [she] did <i>impose</i><BR>
Within a wicker basket.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay as a charge, burden, tax, duty,
obligation, command, penalty, etc.; to enjoin; to levy; to inflict;
as, to <i>impose</i> a toll or tribute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What fates <i>impose</i>, that men must needs
abide.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Death is the penalty <i>imposed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou on the deep <i>imposest</i> nobler
laws.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To lay on, as the hands, in
the religious rites of confirmation and ordination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To arrange in proper order
on a table of stone or metal and lock up in a chase for printing; --
said of columns or pages of type, forms, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice tricks
or deception.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To impose on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to
pass or put a trick on; to delude.</cd> "He <i>imposes on</i>
himself, and mistakes words for things."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A command;
injunction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pose"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Imposition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
imposes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>imposers</i> of these oaths might
repent.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Laying as a duty; enjoining.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to impress forcibly; impressive;
commanding; as, an <i>imposing</i> air; an <i>imposing</i>
spectacle.</def> "Large and <i>imposing</i> edifices."  <i>Bp.
Hobart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Deceiving; deluding; misleading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The
act of imposing the columns of a page, or the pages of a sheet. See
<u>Impose</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Imposing stone</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>the stone on
which the pages or columns of types are imposed or made into forms; -
- called also <i>imposing table</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an imposing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being imposing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>impositio</i> the application of a name to a thing. See
<u>Impone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of imposing, laying
on, affixing, enjoining, inflicting, obtruding, and the like.</def>
"From <i>imposition</i> of strict laws." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Made more solemn by the <i>imposition</i> of
hands.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is imposed, levied, or
enjoined; charge; burden; injunction; tax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Univ.)</i> <def>An extra exercise
enjoined on students as a punishment.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An excessive, arbitrary, or unlawful
exaction; hence, a trick or deception put on laid on others;
cheating; fraud; delusion; imposture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reputation is an idle and most false
<i>imposition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The act of laying on the
hands as a religious ceremoy, in ordination, confirmation,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The act or process of
imosing pages or columns of type. See <u>Impose</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deceit; fraud; imposture. See <u>Deception</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pos`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Impossibilities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>impossibilitas</i>: cf.
F. <i>impossibilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality
of being impossible; impracticability.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They confound difficulty with
<i>impossibility</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An impossible thing; that which can not be
thought, done, or endured.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Impossibilities</i>! O, no, there's
none.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inability; helplessness.</def> [R.]
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Logical impossibility</b></col>, <cd>a condition or
statement involving contradiction or absurdity; as, that a thing can
be and not be at the same time. See <i>Principle of
Contradiction</i>, under <u>Contradiction</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>impossibilis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>possibilis</i>
possible. See <u>Possible</u>.] <def>Not possible; incapable of being
done, of existing, etc.; unattainable in the nature of things, or by
means at command; insuperably difficult under the circumstances;
absurd or impracticable; not feasible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With men this is <i>impossible</i>; but with God all
things are possible.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xix. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Without faith it is <i>impossible</i> to please
him.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xi. 6.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Impossible quantity</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>an
imaginary quantity. See <u>Imaginary</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Impracticable</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"si*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
impossibility.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"Madam," quoth he, "this were an
<i>impossible</i>!"</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"si*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not
possibly.</def>  <i>Sir. T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"post</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>impost</i>, F.
<i>impot</i>, LL. <i>impostus</i>, fr. L. <i>impostus</i>, p. p. of
<i>imponere</i> to impose. See <u>Impone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is imposed or levied; a tax, tribute, or duty;
especially, a duty or tax laid by goverment on goods imported into a
country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even the ship money . . . Johnson could not pronounce
to have been an unconstitutional <i>impost</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The top member of a pillar,
pier, wall, etc., upon which the weight of an arch rests.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The impost is called <i>continuous</i>, if the moldings of
the arch or architrave run down the jamb or pier without a break.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tribute; excise; custom; duty; tax.</p>

<p><hw>Im*post"hu*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Imposthume</u>.] <def>To apostemate; to form an imposthume or
abscess.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*post"hu*mate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Imposthumated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Imposthumating</u> (?).] <def>To affect with an
imposthume or abscess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*post"hu*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imposthumated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*post`hu*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of forming an abscess; state of being
inflamed; suppuration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An abscess; an imposthume.</def>
<i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*post"hume</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>aposteme</i>. See <u>Aposteme</u>.] <def>A collection of pus or
purulent matter in any part of an animal body; an abscess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*post"hume</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Imposthumate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>impostor</i>
a deceiver, fr. <i>imponere</i> to impose upon, deceive. See
<u>Impone</u>.] <def>One who imposes upon others; a person who
assumes a character or title not his own, for the purpose of
deception; a pretender.</def> "The fraudulent <i>impostor</i> foul."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deceiver; cheat; rogue. See <u>Deceiver</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition,
character, or practice of an impostor.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Im*pos"tress</hw> (?), <hw>Im*pos"trix</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>impostrix</i>. See <u>Impostor</u>.]
<def>A woman who imposes upon or deceives others.</def> [R.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Characterized
by imposture; deceitful.</def> "<i>Impostrous</i> pretense of
knowledge."  <i>Grote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"tur*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Imposture;
cheating.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impostura</i>: cf. F. <i>imposture</i>. See <u>Impone</u>.]
<def>The act or conduct of an impostor; deception practiced under a
false or assumed character; fraud or imposition; cheating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From new legends<BR>
And fill the world with follies and <i>impostures</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cheat; fraud; trick; imposition; delusion.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Done by
imposture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"tur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impostrous;
deceitful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strictness fales and <i>impostrous</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pos"tur*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Imposture.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Im"po*tence</hw> (?), <hw>Im"po*ten*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>impotenia</i> inability, poverty, want of
moderation. See <u>Impotent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality
or condition of being impotent; want of strength or power, animal,
intellectual, or moral; weakness; feebleness; inability;
imbecility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some were poor by <i>impotency</i> of nature; as young
fatherless children, old decrepit persons, idiots, and
cripples.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, <i>impotence</i> of mind in body
strong!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of self-restraint or self-
control.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law &amp; Med.)</i> <def>Want of procreative
power; inability to copulate, or beget children; also, sometimes,
sterility; barrenness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"po*tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>impotent</i>,
L. <i>impotens</i>, <i>-entis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not +
<i>potens</i> potent, powerful. See <u>Potent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not potent; wanting power, strength. or
vigor. whether physical, intellectual, or moral; deficient in
capacity; destitute of force; weak; feeble; infirm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There sat a certain man at Lystra, <i>impotent</i>
inhis feet.</blockquote> <i>Acts xiv. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O most lame and <i>impotent</i>
conclusion!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not slow to hear,<BR>
Nor <i>impotent</i> to save.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting the power of self-restraint;
incontrolled; ungovernable; violent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Impotent</i> of tongue, her silence
broke.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Wanting the power of
procreation; unable to copulate; also, sometimes, sterile;
barren.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"po*tent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
impotent.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"po*tent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an impotent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pound"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Impounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impounding</u>.] <def>To shut up or place in an inclosure called a
<i>pound</i>; hence, to hold in the custody of a court; as, to
<i>impound</i> stray cattle; to <i>impound</i> a document for safe
keeping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But taken and <i>impounded</i> as a stray,<BR>
The king of Scots.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 738 !></p>

<p><hw>Im*pound"age</hw> (&ibreve;m*pound"&asl;j),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of impounding,
or the state of being impounded.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fee or fine for impounding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pound"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
impounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pov"er*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Impoverished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Impoverishing</u>.] [OF. <i>empovrir</i>; pref.
<i>em-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>povre</i> poor, F. <i>pauvre</i>; cf.
OF. <i>apovrir</i>, F. <i>appauvrir</i>, where the prefix is <i>a-
</i>, L. <i>ad</i>.  Cf. <u>Empoverish</u>, and see <u>Poor</u>, and
<u>-ish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make poor; to reduce to
poverty or indigence; as, misfortune and disease <i>impoverish</i>
families.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exhaust the strength, richness, or
fertility of; to make sterile; as, to <i>impoverish</i>
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pov"er*ish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, impoverishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pov"er*ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>empoverissement</i>, and F. <i>appauvrissement</i>.] <def>The act
of impoverishing, or the state of being impoverished; reduction to
poverty.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Empower</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Imp"-pole`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Building)</i>
<def>A pole for supporting a scaffold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*prac`ti*ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Impracticabilities</b></plw> (&?;).
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being impracticable;
infeasibility.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An impracticable thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Intractableness; stubbornness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*prac"ti*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not practicable; incapable of being
performed, or accomplished by the means employed, or at command;
impossible; as, an <i>impracticable</i> undertaking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not to be overcome, persuaded, or
controlled by any reasonable method; unmanageable; intractable; not
capable of being easily dealt with; -- used in a general sense, as
applied to a person or thing that is difficult to control or get
along with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This though, <i>impracticable</i> heart<BR>
Is governed by a dainty-fingered girl.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Patriotic but loyal men went away disgusted afresh
with the <i>impracticable</i> arrogance of a sovereign.</blockquote>
<i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being used or availed of; as,
an <i>impracticable</i> road; an <i>impracticable</i>
method.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impossible; infeasible. -- <u>Impracticable</u>,
<u>Impossible</u>. A thing is <i>impracticable</i> when it can not be
accomplished by any human means at present possessed; a thing is
<i>impossible</i> when the laws of nature forbid it. The navigation
of a river may now be <i>impracticable</i>, but not
<i>impossible</i>, because the existing obstructions may yet be
removed. "The barons exercised the most despotic authority over their
vassals, and every scheme of public utility was rendered
<i>impracticable</i> by their continued petty wars with each other."
<i>Mickle.</i> "With men this is <i>impossible</i>, but with God all
things are possible." <i>Matt. xix. 26.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*prac"ti*ca*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being impracticable; impracticability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*prac"ti*ca*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
impracticable manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Morality not <i>impracticably</i> rigid.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*prac"ti*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
practical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"pre*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Imprecated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Imprecating</u> (?).] [L. <i>imprecatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>imprecari</i> to imprecate; pref. <i>im-</i> in, on +
<i>precari</i> to pray. See <u>Pray</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
call down by prayer, as something hurtful or calamitous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Imprecate</i> the vengeance of Heaven on the guilty
empire.</blockquote> <i>Mickle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To invoke evil upon; to curse; to swear
at.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In vain we blast the ministers of Fate,<BR>
And the forlorn physicians <i>imprecate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Rochester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`pre*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imprecatio</i>: cf. F. <i>impr&eacute;cation</i>.] <def>The act of
imprecating, or invoking evil upon any one; a prayer that a curse or
calamity may fall on any one; a curse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men cowered like slaves before such horrid
<i>imprecations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Malediction; curse; execration; anathema. See
<u>Malediction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im"pre*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of, or containing, imprecation; invoking evil; as, the
<i>imprecatory</i> psalms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pre*ci"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
precision.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pregn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impregner</i>. See <u>Impregnate</u>.] <def>To impregnate; to make
fruitful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His pernicious words, <i>impregned</i><BR>
With reason.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Semele doth Bacchus bear<BR>
<i>Impregned</i> of Jove.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*preg`na*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being impregnable; invincibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*preg"na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>imprenable</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>prenable</i> pregnable,
fr. <i>prendre</i> to take, L. <i>prehendere</i>. See
<u>Comprehend</u>, <u>Get</u> to obtain.] <def>Not to be stormed, or
taken by assault; incapable of being subdued; able to resist attack;
unconquerable; as, an <i>impregnable</i> fortress; <i>impregnable</i>
virtue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man's affection remains wholly unconcerned and
<i>impregnable</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im*preg"na*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*preg"na*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*preg"na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
Impregnate.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Capable of being impregnated, as the
egg of an animal, or the ovule of a plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*preg"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Impregnate</u>.] <def>That which impregnates.</def> [R.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*preg"nant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i> not
+ <i>pregnant</i>.] <def>Not pregnant; unfertilized or
infertile.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*preg"nate</hw> (&ibreve;m*pr&ebreve;g"n&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Impregnated</u> (-n&asl;*t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Impregnating</u> (-n&asl;*t&ibreve;ng).] [LL.
<i>impraegnatus</i>, p. p. of <i>impraegnare</i> to impregnate, fr.
L. pref. <i>im-</i> in + <i>praegnans</i> pregnant. See
<u>Pregnant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make pregnant; to cause
to conceive; to render prolific; to get with child or
young.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To come into contact with
(an ovum or egg) so as to cause impregnation; to fertilize; to
fecundate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To infuse an active principle into; to
render fruitful or fertile in any way; to fertilize; to
imbue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To infuse particles of another substance
into; to communicate the quality of another to; to cause to be
filled, imbued, mixed, or furnished (with something); as, to
<i>impregnate</i> India rubber with sulphur; clothing
<i>impregnated</i> with contagion; rock <i>impregnated</i> with
ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*preg"nate</hw> (&ibreve;m*pr&ebreve;g"n&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become pregnant.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*preg"nate</hw> (-n&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>impraegnatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Impregnated; made
prolific.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The scorching ray<BR>
Here pierceth not, <i>impregnate</i> with disease.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`preg*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impr&eacute;gnation</i>, LL. <i>impraegnatio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of impregnating or the state of being
impregnated; fecundation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The fusion of a female germ
cell (ovum) with a male germ cell (in animals, a spermatozo&ouml;n)
to form a single new cell endowed with the power of developing into a
new individual; fertilization; fecundation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the broadest biological sense, impregnation, or sexual
generation, consists simply in the coalescence of two similar masses
of protoplasmic matter, either derived from different parts of the
same organism or from two distinct organisms. From the single mass,
which results from the fusion, or coalescence, of these two masses, a
new organism develops.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That with which anything is
impregnated.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Intimate mixture; infusion;
saturation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>An ore deposit, with
indefinite boundaries, consisting of rock impregnated with ore.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`pre*ju"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
prejudged; unprejudiced; impartial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pre"na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Impregnable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*prep`a*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
preparation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Im*pre"sa</hw> (&esl;m*pr&amacr;"s&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See <u>Emprise</u>, and cf. <u>Impress</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A device on a shield or
seal, or used as a bookplate or the like.</def> [Written also
<i>imprese</i> and <i>impress</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>impresa</i> to your lordship; a swain<BR>
Flying to a laurel for shelter.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Im`pre*sa"ri*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Impresarios</b></plw> (#). [It., from <i>impresa</i>
enterprise.] <def>The projector, manager, or conductor, of an opera
or concert company.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pre*scrip`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>imprescriptibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
imprescriptible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pre*scrip"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>im-</i> not + <i>prescriptible</i>: cf. F.
<i>imprescriptible</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not capable of being
lost or impaired by neglect, by disuse, or by the claims of another
founded on prescription.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The right of navigation, fishing, and others that may
be exercised on the sea, belonging to the right of mere ability, are
<i>imprescriptible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Vattel (Trans. )</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not derived from, or dependent on,
external authority; self-evidencing; obvious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>imprescriptible</i> laws of the pure
reason.</blockquote> <i>Colerridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`pre*scrip"ti*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
imprescriptible manner; obviously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*prese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A device. See
<u>Impresa</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>imprese</i>, as the Italians call it, is a
device in picture with his motto or word, borne by noble or learned
personages.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*press"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impressed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impressing</u>.] [L. <i>impressus</i>, p. p. of <i>imprimere</i>
to impress; pref. <i>im-</i> in, on + <i>premere</i> to press. See
<u>Press</u> to squeeze, and cf. <u>Imprint</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To press, stamp, or print something in or upon; to mark by
pressure, or as by pressure; to imprint (that which bears the
impression).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His heart, like an agate, with your print
<i>impressed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce by pressure, as a mark, stamp,
image, etc.; to imprint (a mark or figure upon something).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To fix deeply in the mind; to
present forcibly to the attention, etc.; to imprint; to
inculcate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Impress</i> the motives of persuasion upon our own
hearts till we feel the force of them.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [See <u>Imprest</u>, <u>Impress</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.] <def>To take by force for public service;
as, to <i>impress</i> sailors or money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The second five thousand pounds <i>impressed</i> for
the service of the sick and wounded prisoners.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*press"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be impressed;
to rest.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such fiendly thoughts in his heart
<i>impress</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"press</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Impresses</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
impressing or making.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mark made by pressure; an indentation;
imprint; the image or figure of anything, formed by pressure or as if
by pressure; result produced by pressure or influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>impresses</i> of the insides of these
shells.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This weak <i>impress</i> of love is as a figure<BR>
Trenched in ice.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic; mark of distinction;
stamp.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A device. See <u>Impresa</u>.</def>
<i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To describe . . . emblazoned shields,<BR>
<i>Impresses</i> quaint.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [See <u>Imprest</u>, <u>Press</u> to force into
service.] <def>The act of impressing, or taking by force for the
public service; compulsion to serve; also, that which is
impressed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why such <i>impress</i> of shipwrights?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Impress gang</b></col>, <cd>a party of men, with an
officer, employed to impress seamen for ships of war; a press
gang.</cd> -- <col><b>Impress money</b></col>, <cd>a sum of money
paid, immediately upon their entering service, to men who have been
impressed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*press`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being impressible; susceptibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*press"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impressible</i>.] <def>Capable of being impressed; susceptible;
sensitive.</def> -- <wf>Im*press"i*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Im*press"i*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*pres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>impression</i>, L. <i>impressio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of impressing, or the state of being impressed; the communication
of a stamp, mold, style, or character, by external force or by
influence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is impressed; stamp; mark;
indentation; sensible result of an influence exerted from
without.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stamp and clear <i>impression</i> of good
sense.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To shelter us from <i>impressions</i> of weather, we
must spin, we must weave, we must build.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which impresses, or exercises an
effect, action, or agency; appearance; phenomenon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Portentous blaze of comets and <i>impressions</i> in
the air.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fiery <i>impression</i> falling from out of
Heaven.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Influence or effect on the senses or the
intellect hence, interest, concern.</def>  <i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His words <i>impression</i> left.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such terrible <i>impression</i> made the
dream.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a father's dear <i>impression</i>,<BR>
And wish, before I fall into my grave,<BR>
That I might see her married.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An indistinct notion, remembrance, or
belief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Impressiveness; emphasis of
delivery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which must be read with an
<i>impression</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The pressure of the type
on the paper, or the result of such pressure, as regards its
appearance; as, a heavy <i>impression</i>; a clear, or a poor,
<i>impression</i>; also, a single copy as the result of printing, or
the whole edition printed at a given time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ten <i>impressions</i> which his books have
had.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>In painting, the first coat of color, as
the priming in house painting and the like.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Engraving)</i> <def>A print on paper from a
wood block, metal plate, or the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Proof impression</b></col>, <cd>one of the early
impressions taken from an engraving, before the plate or block is
worn.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*pres`sion*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being impressionable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pres"sion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impressionnable</i>.] <def>Liable or subject to impression;
capable of being molded; susceptible; impressible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was too <i>impressionable</i>; he had too much of
the temperament of genius.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A pretty face and an <i>impressionable</i>
disposition.</blockquote> <i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pres"sion*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being impressionable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pres"sion*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>impressionnisme</i>.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The theory or method
of suggesting an effect or impression without elaboration of the
details; -- a disignation of a recent fashion in painting and
etching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pres"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>impressionniste</i>.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>One who adheres to
the theory or method of impressionism, so called.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pres`sion*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or characterized by, impressionism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pres"sion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
quality of not being impressed or affected; not
susceptible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*press"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
impressif.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Making, or tending to make, an
impression; having power to impress; adapted to excite attention and
feeling, to touch the sensibilities, or affect the conscience; as, an
<i>impressive</i> discourse; an <i>impressive</i> scene.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being impressed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p>- <wf>Im*press"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*press"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*press"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
seizing for public use, or of impressing into public service;
compulsion to serve; as, the <i>impressment</i> of provisions or of
sailors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great scandal of our naval service --
<i>impressment</i> -- died a protracted death.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*press"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., a printer.]
<def>One who, or that which, impresses.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pres"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>impressure</i>, LL. <i>impressura</i>.] <def>Dent;
impression.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*prest"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [ <pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Imprested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impresting</u>.] [Pref. <i>im-</i> + <i>prest</i>: cf. It.
<i>imprestare</i>. See <u>Prest</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
advance on loan.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"prest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>impresto</i>, <i>imprestito</i>, LL. <i>impraestitum</i>. See
<u>Imprest</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and <u>Impress</u>
compulsion to serve.] <def>A kind of earnest money; loan; --
specifically, money advanced for some public service, as in
enlistment.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The clearing of their <i>imprests</i> for what little
of their debts they have received.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Im*prev"a*lence</hw> (?), <hw>Im*prev"a*len*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of prevalence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`pre*vent`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being impreventable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`pre*vent"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
preventable; inevitable.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Im`pri*ma"tur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., let it be
printed.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A license to print or publish a book,
paper, etc.; also, in countries subjected to the censorship of the
press, approval of that which is published.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*prim"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>imprimerie</i>, fr. <i>imprimer</i> to imprint.] [Obs.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A print; impression.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A printing establishment.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The art of printing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*prim"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
beginning.</def> [Obs.] "Their springings and <i>imprimings</i>."
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Im*pri"mis</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L., for <i>in
primis</i> among the first, chiefly; <i>in</i> in + <i>primus</i>
first.] <def>In the first place; first in order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*print"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imptrinted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imprinting</u>.] [OE. <i>emprenten</i>, F. <i>empreint</i>, p. p.
of <i>empreindre</i> to imprint, fr. L. <i>imprimere</i> to impres,
imprint. See 1st <u>In-</u>, <u>Print</u>, and cf. <u>Impress</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To impress; to mark by pressure; to indent;
to stamp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And sees his num'rous herds <i>imprint</i> her
sands.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stamp or mark, as letters on paper, by
means of type, plates, stamps, or the like; to print the mark
(figures, letters, etc., upon something).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature <i>imprints</i> upon whate'er we see,<BR>
That has a heart and life in it, "Be free."</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fix indelibly or permanently, as in the
mind or memory; to impress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ideas of those two different things distinctly
<i>imprinted</i> on his mind.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><! p. 739 !></p>

<p><hw>Im"print</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>empreinte</i> impress, stamp. See <u>Imprint</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Whatever is impressed or imprinted; the impress or
mark left by something; specifically, the name of the printer or
publisher (usually) with the time and place of issue, in the title-
page of a book, or on any printed sheet.</def> "That <i>imprint</i>
of their hands."  <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pris"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Imprisoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Imprisoning</u>.] [OE. <i>enprisonen</i>, OF.
<i>enprisoner</i>, F. <i>emprisonner</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + F. &amp; OF. <i>prison</i>. See <u>Prison</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put in prison or jail; To arrest and
detain in custody; to confine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>imprisoned</i> was in chains
remediless.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To limit, restrain, or confine in any
way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Try to <i>imprison</i> the resistless
wind.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To incarcerate; confine; immure.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pris"on*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
imprisons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pris"on ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>enprisonment</i>; F. <i>emprisonnement</i>.] <def>The act of
imprisoning, or the state of being imprisoned; confinement;
restraint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His sinews waxen weak and raw<BR>
Through long <i>imprisonment</i> and hard constraint.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every confinement of the person is an
<i>imprisonment</i>, whether it be in a common prison, or in a
private house, or even by foreibly detaining one in the public
streets.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>False imprisonment</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>False</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Incarceration; custody; confinement; durance;
restraint.</p>

<p><hw>Im*prob`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Improbabilities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>improbabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
improbable; unlikelihood; also, that which is improbable; an
improbable event or result.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*prob"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>improbabilis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>probabilis</i>
probable: cf. F. <i>improbable</i>. See <u>Probable</u>.] <def>Not
probable; unlikely to be true; not to be expected under the
circumstances or in the usual course of events; as, an
<i>improbable</i> story or event.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . sent to Elutherius, then bishop of Rome, an
<i>improbable</i> letter, as some of the contents
discover.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im*prob"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*prob"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im"pro*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>improbatus</i>, p. p. of <i>improbare</i> to disapprove; pref.
<i>im-</i> not + <i>probare</i> to approve.] <def>To disapprove of;
to disallow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>improbatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of disapproving;
disapprobation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The act by which
falsehood and forgery are proved; an action brought for the purpose
of having some instrument declared false or forged.</def>
<i>Bell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Im"pro*ba*tive</hw> (?), <hw>Im"pro*ba`to*ry</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Implying, or tending to,
improbation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*prob"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>improbitas</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>probitas</i> probity:
cf. F. <i>improbit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Lack of probity; want of
integrity or rectitude; dishonesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Persons . . . cast out for notorious
<i>improbity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Im`pro*fi"cience</hw> (?), <hw>Im`pro*fi"cien*cy</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of proficiency.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*prof"it*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>profitable</i>: cf. F. <i>improfitable</i>.]
<def>Unprofitable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*gress"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
progressive.</def> <i>De Quincey.</i> --
<wf>Im"pro*gress"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*lif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
not + <i>prolific</i>: cf. F. <i>improlifique</i>.] <def>Not
prolific.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E. Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*lif"ic*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>im-</i> in + <i>prolificate</i>.] <def>To impregnate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*prompt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
ready.</def> [R.]  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*promp"tu</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. or a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>impromptu</i>, fr. L. <i>in promptu</i> in readiness, at hand;
<i>in</i> in + <i>promptus</i> visibility, readiness, from
<i>promptus</i> visible, ready. See <u>Prompt</u>.] <def>Offhand;
without previous study; extemporaneous; extempore; as, an
<i>impromptu</i> verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*promp"tu</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something made or done offhand, at the moment, or without
previous study; an extemporaneous composition, address, or
remark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A piece composed or played
at first thought; a composition in the style of an extempore
piece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*prop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>impropre</i>,
L. <i>improprius</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>proprius</i> proper.
See <u>Proper</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not proper; not suitable;
not fitted to the circumstances, design, or end; unfit; not becoming;
incongruous; inappropriate; indecent; as, an <i>improper</i>
medicine; <i>improper</i> thought, behavior, language,
dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Follow'd his enemy king, and did him service,<BR>
<i>Improper</i> for a slave.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And to their proper operation still,<BR>
Ascribe all Good; to their <i>improper</i>, Ill.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not peculiar or appropriate to
individuals; general; common.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not to be adorned with any art but such
<i>improper</i> ones as nature is said to bestow, as singing and
poetry.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not according to facts; inaccurate;
erroneous.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Improper diphthong</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Diphthong</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Improper feud</b></col>, <cd>an
original feud, not earned by military service.</cd> <i>Mozley &
W.</i> -- <col><b>Improper fraction</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fraction</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*prop"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To appropriate;
to limit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He would in like manner <i>improper</i> and inclose
the sunbeams to comfort the rich and not the poor.</blockquote>
<i>Jewel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*prop`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>improperare</i>, <i>improperatum</i>, to taunt.] <def>The act of
upbraiding or taunting; a reproach; a taunt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Improperatios</i> and terms of
scurrility.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne</i></p>

<p><hw>||Im`pro*pe"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.,
reproaches.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A series of antiphons and responses,
expressing the sorrowful remonstrance of our Lord with his people; --
sung on the morning of the Good Friday in place of the usual daily
Mass of the Roman ritual.</def>  <i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*prop"er*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
improper manner; not properly; unsuitably; unbecomingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*prop"er*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Impropriety.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*pi"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unpropitious; unfavorable.</def> [Obs.] "Dreams were
<i>impropitious</i>."  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*por"tion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
proportionable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*por"tion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
proportionate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pro"pri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Impropriated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Impropriating</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in + L.
<i>propriatus</i>, p. p. of <i>propriare</i> to appropriate. See
<u>Appropriate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To appropriate to one's
self; to assume.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>impropriate</i> the thanks to
himself.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Eccl. Law)</i> <def>To place the
profits of (ecclesiastical property) in the hands of a layman for
care and disbursement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pro"pri*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become an
impropriator.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pro"pri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Eccl.
Law)</i> <def>Put into the hands of a layman; impropriated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pro`pri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of impropriating; as, the
<i>impropriation</i> of property or tithes; also, that which is
impropriated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Eccl. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The act of putting an ecclesiastical benefice in the hands of a
layman, or lay corporation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A benefice
in the hands of a layman, or of a lay corporation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pro"pri*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
impropriates; specifically, a layman in possession of church
property.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pro`pri*a"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
E. <plw><b>-trixes</b></plw>, L. <plw><b>-trices</b></plw> (&?;).
<def>A female impropriator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*pri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Improprieties</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>improprietas</i>; cf. F.
<i>impropri&eacute;t&eacute;</i>. See <u>Improper</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being improper; unfitness or
unsuitableness to character, time place, or circumstances; as,
<i>impropriety</i> of behavior or manners.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is improper; an unsuitable or
improper act, or an inaccurate use of language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But every language has likewise its
<i>improprieties</i> and absurdities.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many gross <i>improprieties</i>, however authorized by
practice, ought to be discarded.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`pros*per"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>improsp&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Want of prosperity.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pros"per*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>prosperous</i>: cf. F. <i>improsp&egrave;re</i>, L.
<i>improsper</i>.] <def>Not prosperous.</def> [Obs.] <i>Dryden.</i> -
- <wf>Im*pros"per*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] --
<wf>Im*pros"per*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*prov`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being improvable; improvableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*prov"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Improve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being improved;
susceptible of improvement; admitting of being made better; capable
of cultivation, or of being advanced in good qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man is accommodated with moral principles,
<i>improvable</i> by the exercise of his faculties.</blockquote>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a fine spread of <i>improvable</i>
lands.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being used to advantage;
profitable; serviceable; advantageous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The essays of weaker heads afford <i>improvable</i>
hints to better.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Im*pro"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Im*prov"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Im*prove"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
not + <i>prove</i>: cf. L. <i>improbare</i>, F. <i>improuver</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To disprove or make void; to refute.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Neither can any of them make so strong a reason which
another can not <i>improve</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disapprove; to find fault with; to
reprove; to censure; as, to <i>improve</i> negligence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When he rehearsed his preachings and his doing unto
the high apostles, they could <i>improve</i> nothing.</blockquote>
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*prove"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Improved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Improving</u>.] [Pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>prove</i>, in
<i>approve.</i>  See <u>Approve</u>, <u>Prove.</u>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make better; to increase the value or good
qualities of; to ameliorate by care or cultivation; as, to
<i>improve</i> land.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I love not to <i>improve</i> the honor of the living
by impairing that of the dead.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use or employ to good purpose; to make
productive; to turn to profitable account; to utilize; as, to
<i>improve</i> one's time; to <i>improve</i> his means.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall especially honor God by <i>improving</i>
diligently the talents which God hath committed to us.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A hint that I do not remember to have seen opened and
<i>improved</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The court seldom fails to <i>improve</i> the
opportunity.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How doth the little busy bee<BR>
<i>Improve</i> each shining hour.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those moments were diligently
<i>improved</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>True policy, as well as good faith, in my opinion,
binds us to <i>improve</i> the occasion.</blockquote>
<i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To advance or increase by use; to augment
or add to; -- said with reference to what is bad.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We all have, I fear, . . . not a little
<i>improved</i> the wretched inheritance of our
ancestors.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Porteus.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To better; meliorate; ameliorate; advance;
heighten; mend; correct; rectify; amend; reform.</p>

<p><hw>Im*prove"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To grow better; to advance or make progress in what is
desirable; to make or show improvement; as, to <i>improve</i> in
health.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We take care to <i>improve</i> in our frugality and
diligence.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To advance or progress in bad qualities;
to grow worse.</def> "Domitian <i>improved</i> in cruelty."
<i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To increase; to be enhanced; to rise in
value; as, the price of cotton <i>improves</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To improve on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to
make useful additions or amendments to, or changes in; to bring
nearer to perfection; as, <i>to improve on</i> the mode of
tillage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*prove"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of improving; advancement or growth;
promotion in desirable qualities; progress toward what is better;
melioration; as, the <i>improvement</i> of the mind, of land, roads,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I look upon your city as the best place of
<i>improvement</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Exercise is the chief source of <i>improvement</i> in
all our faculties.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of making profitable use or
applicaton of anything, or the state of being profitably employed; a
turning to good account; practical application, as of a doctrine,
principle, or theory, stated in a discourse.</def> "A good
<i>improvement</i> of his reason."  <i>S. Clarke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall make some <i>improvement</i> of this
doctrine.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being improved; betterment;
advance; also, that which is improved; as, the new edition is an
<i>improvement</i> on the old.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The parts of Sinon, Camilla, and some few others, are
<i>improvements</i> on the Greek poet.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Increase; growth; progress;
advance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a design of publishing the history of
architecture, with its several <i>improvements</i> and
decays.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those vices which more particularly receive
<i>improvement</i> by prosperity.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Valuable additions or
betterments, as buildings, clearings, drains, fences, etc., on
premises.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Patent Laws)</i> <def>A useful addition to,
or modification of, a machine, manufacture, or composition.</def>
<i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*prov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, improves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*vid"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unforeseen;
unexpected; not provided against; unprepared.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>improvided</i> for dread of death.</blockquote>
<i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*prov"i*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>improvidentia</i>; OF. <i>improvidence</i>.  Cf.
<u>Imprudence</u>.] <def>The quality of being improvident; want of
foresight or thrift.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>improvidence</i> of my neighbor must not make
me inhuman.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*prov"i*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>provident</i>: cf. L. <i>improvidus</i>. See
<u>Provident</u>, and cf. <u>Imprudent</u>.] <def>Not provident;
wanting foresight or forethought; not foreseeing or providing for the
future; negligent; thoughtless; as, an <i>improvident</i>
man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Improvident</i> soldiers! had your watch been
good,<BR>
This sudden mischief never could have fallen.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inconsiderable; negligent; careless; shiftless;
prodigal; wasteful.</p>

<p><hw>Im*prov`i*den"tial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Improvidently.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*prov"i*dent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
improvident manner.</def> "<i>Improvidently</i> rash."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*prov"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
improve, beneficial; growing better.</def> --
<wf>Im*prov"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Improving lease</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>, <cd>an
extended lease to induce the tenant to make improvements on the
premises.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Im*prov"i*sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Improvise</u>.] <def>Unpremeditated; impromptu; extempore.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*prov"i*sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Improvisated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Improvisating</u> (?).] <def>To improvise;
to extemporize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*prov`i*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>improvisation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or art of
composing and rendering music, poetry, and the like,
extemporaneously; as, <i>improvisation</i> on the organ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is improvised; an
impromptu.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*vis"a*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Improvisate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*prov"i*sa`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
improviser, or improvvisatore.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Im`pro*vi`sa*to"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Improvvisatore</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Im*prov`i*sa*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <hw>Im*prov"i*sa*to*ry</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to improvisation or
extemporaneous composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Im`pro*vi`sa*tri"ce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Improvvisatrice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*vise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Improvised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Improvising</u>.] [F. <i>improviser</i>, it.
<i>improvvisare</i>, fr. <i>improvviso</i> unprovided, sudden,
extempore, L. <i>improvisus</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not +
<i>provisus</i> foreseen, provided. See <u>Proviso</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To compose, recite, or sing extemporaneously,
especially in verse; to extemporize; also, to play upon an
instrument, or to act, extemporaneously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring about, arrange, or make, on a
sudden, or without previous preparation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Charles attempted to <i>improvise</i> a
peace.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To invent, or provide, offhand, or on the
spur of the moment; as, he <i>improvised</i> a hammer out of a
stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*vise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To produce or
render extemporaneous compositions, especially in verse or in music,
without previous preparation; hence, to do anything
offhand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*vis"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
improvises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>provision</i>.] <def>Improvidence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`pro*vi"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>improvisus</i> unforeseen; cf. It. <i>improvviso</i>.] <def>Not
prepared or mediated beforehand; extemporaneous.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jonhson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Im`prov*vi`sa*to"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Improvvisatori</b></plw> (#). [It. See
<u>Improvise</u>.] <def>One who composes and sings or recites rhymes
and short poems extemporaneously.</def> [Written also
<i>improvisatore</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Im`prov*vi`sa*tri"ce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Improvvisatrici</b></plw> (#). [It. See
<u>Improvise</u>.] <def>A female improvvisatore.</def> [Written also
<i>improvisatrice</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pru"dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imprudentia</i>: cf. F. <i>imprudence</i>.  Cf.
<u>Improvidence</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being imprudent;
want to caution, circumspection, or a due regard to consequences;
indiscretion; inconsideration; rashness; also, an imprudent act; as,
he was guilty of an <i>imprudence</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His serenity was interrupted, perhaps, by his own
<i>imprudence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mickle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pru"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imprudens</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>prudens</i> prudent: cf.
F. <i>imprudent</i>. See <u>Prudent</u>, and cf. <u>Improvident</u>.]
<def>Not prudent; wanting in prudence or discretion; indiscreet;
injudicious; not attentive to consequence; improper.</def> --
<wf>Im*pru"dent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Her majesty took a great dislike at the
<i>imprudent</i> behavior of many of the ministers and
readers.</blockquote> <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><! p. 740 !></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Indiscreet; injudicious; incautious; ill-advised;
unwise; heedless; careless; rash; negligent.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pu"ber*al</hw> (&ibreve;m*p&umacr;"b&etilde;r*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having arrived at puberty;
immature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>impuberal</i> animals the cerebellum is, in
proportion to the brain proper, greatly less than in
adults.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pu"ber*ty</hw> (-t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition of not having reached puberty, or the age of ability to
reproduce one's species; want of age at which the marriage contract
can be legally entered into.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"pu*dence</hw> (&ibreve;m"p&usl;*d<i>e</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>impudentia</i>: cf. F. <i>impudence</i>.
See <u>Impudent</u>.] <def>The quality of being impudent; assurance,
accompanied with a disregard of the presence or opinions of others;
shamelessness; forwardness; want of modesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Clear truths that their own evidence forces us to
admit, or common experience makes it <i>impudence</i> to
deny.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where pride and <i>impudence</i> (in fashion knit)<BR>
Usurp the chair of wit.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Shamelessness; audacity; insolence; effrontery;
sauciness; impertinence; pertness; rudeness.  -- <u>Impudence</u>,
<u>Effrontery</u>, <u>Sauciness</u>. <i>Impudence</i> refers more
especially to the feelings as manifested in action. <i>Effrontery</i>
applies to some gross and public exhibition of shamelessness.
<i>Sauciness</i> refers to a sudden pert outbreak of impudence,
especially from an inferior. <i>Impudence</i> is an unblushing kind
of impertinence, and may be manifested in words, tones, gestures,
looks, etc. <i>Effrontery</i> rises still higher, and shows a total
or shameless disregard of duty or decorum under the circumstances of
the case. <i>Sauciness</i> discovers itself toward particular
individuals, in certain relations; as in the case of servants who are
saucy to their masters, or children who are saucy to their teachers.
See <u>Impertinent</u>, and <u>Insolent</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im"pu*den*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Impudence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Audacious without <i>impudency</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im"pu*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>impudens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>; pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>pudens</i> ashamed, modest,
p. pr. of <i>pudere</i> to feel shame: cf. F. <i>impudent</i>.]
<def>Bold, with contempt or disregard; unblushingly forward;
impertinent; wanting modesty; shameless; saucy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More than <i>impudent</i> sauciness.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When we behold an angel, not to fear<BR>
Is to be <i>impudent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Shameless; audacious; brazen; bold-faced; pert;
immodest; rude; saucy; impertinent; insolent.</p>

<p><hw>Im"pu*dent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an impudent
manner; with unbecoming assurance; shamelessly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At once assail<BR>
With open mouths, and <i>impudently</i> rail.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`pu*dic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impudicus</i> immodest; <i>im-</i> not + <i>pudicus</i>
shamefaced, modest: cf. F. <i>impudicit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>impudicitia</i>.] <def>Immodesty.</def>  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pugn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Impugned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Impugning</u>.] [OE. <i>impugnen</i>, F. <i>impugner</i>, fr. L.
<i>impugnare</i>; <i>in</i> on, against + <i>pugnare</i> to flight.
See <u>Pugnacious</u>.] <def>To attack by words or arguments; to
contradict; to assail; to call in question; to make insinuations
against; to gainsay; to oppose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The truth hereof I will not rashly <i>impugn</i>, or
overboldly affirm.</blockquote> <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pugn"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being impugned; that may be gainsaid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pug*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impugnatio</i>: cf. OF. <i>impugnation</i>.] <def>Act of
impugning; opposition; attack.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A perpetual <i>impugnation</i> and self-
conflict.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pugn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
impugns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pugn"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
impugning, or the state of being impugned.</def>  <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pu"is*sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impuissance</i>.] <def>Lack of power; inability.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their own <i>impuissance</i> and
weakness.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pu"is*sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. pref.
<i>im-</i> not +  <i>puissant</i>. See <u>Puissant</u>.] <def>Weak;
impotent; feeble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"pulse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>impulsus</i>,
fr. <i>impellere</i>. See <u>Impel</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of impelling, or driving onward
with sudden force; impulsion; especially, force so communicated as to
produced motion suddenly, or immediately.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All spontaneous animal motion is performed by
mechanical <i>impulse</i>.</blockquote> <i>S. Clarke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The effect of an impelling force; motion
produced by a sudden or momentary force.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The action of a force
during a very small interval of time; the effect of such action; as,
the <i>impulse</i> of a sudden blow upon a hard elastic
body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mental force which simply and directly
urges to action; hasty inclination; sudden motive; momentary or
transient influence of appetite or passion; propension; incitement;
as, a man of good <i>impulses</i>; passion often gives a violent
<i>impulse</i> to the will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These were my natural <i>impulses</i> for the
undertaking.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Force; incentive; influence; motive; feeling;
incitement; instigation.</p>

<p><hw>Im*pulse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Impel</u>.] <def>To impel; to incite.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pul"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impulsio</i>: cf. F. <i>impulsion</i>. See <u>Impel</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of impelling or driving onward, or
the state of being impelled; the sudden or momentary agency of a body
in motion on another body; also, the impelling force, or
impulse.</def> "The <i>impulsion</i> of the air."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Influence acting unexpectedly or
temporarily on the mind; sudden motive or influence; impulse.</def>
"The <i>impulsion</i> of conscience." <i>Clarendon.</i> "Divine
<i>impulsion</i> prompting."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>impulsif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the power of driving or impelling;
giving an impulse; moving; impellent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Poor men! poor papers! We and they<BR>
Do some <i>impulsive</i> force obey.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Actuated by impulse or by transient
feelings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My heart, <i>impulsive</i> and wayward.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Acting momentarily, or by
impulse; not continuous; -- said of forces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
impels or gives an impulse; an impelling agent.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pul"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
impulsive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pul"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being impulsive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pul"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who,
or that which, impels; an inciter.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*punc"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not punctate
or dotted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*punc"tu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-</i>
not + <i>punctual</i>: cf. F. <i>imponctuel</i>.] <def>Not
punctual.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*punc`tu*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect
of, or failure in, punctuality.</def> [R.]  <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>impunis</i>.]
<def>Unpunished.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Im*pu"ni*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
punishment; with impunity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pu"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>impunitas</i>, fr. <i>impunis</i> without punishment; pref. <i>im-
</i> not + <i>poena</i> punishment: cf. F. <i>impunit&eacute;</i>.
See <u>Pain</u>.] <def>Exemption or freedom from punishment, harm, or
loss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven, though slow to wrath,<BR>
Is never with <i>impunity</i> defied.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>impunity</i> and also the
recompense.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im`pu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Defilement;
obscuration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>impurus</i>;
pref. <i>im-</i> not + <i>purus</i> pure: cf. F. <i>impur</i>. See
<u>Pure</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not pure; not clean; dirty; foul; filthy;
containing something which is unclean or unwholesome; mixed or
impregnated extraneous substances; adulterated; as, <i>impure</i>
water or air; <i>impure</i> drugs, food, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Defiled by sin or guilt; unholy;
unhallowed; -- said of persons or things.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unchaste; lewd; unclean; obscene; as,
<i>impure</i> language or ideas.</def> "<i>Impure</i> desires."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>Not purified according to
the ceremonial law of Moses; unclean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Language)</i> <def>Not accurate; not
idiomatic; as, <i>impure</i> Latin; an <i>impure</i> style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pure"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To defile; to
pollute.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pure"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an impure
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pure"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being impure; impurity.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pu"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
Impurities (#). [L. <i>impuritas</i>: cf. F.
<i>impuret&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or quality of being impure
in any sense; defilement; foulness; adulteration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Profaneness, <i>impurity</i>, or scandal, is not
wit.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is, or which renders anything,
impure; foul matter, action, language, etc.; a foreign
ingredient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foul <i>impurities</i> reigned among the monkish
clergy.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>Want of ceremonial
purity; defilement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pur"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Impurpled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Impurpling</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>purple</i>.  Cf. <u>Empurple</u>.] <def>To color or tinge with
purple; to make red or reddish; to purple; as, a field
<i>impurpled</i> with blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Impurpled</i> with celestial roses,
smiled.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The silken fleece <i>impurpled</i> for the
loom.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*put`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being imputable; imputableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*put"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>imputable</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That may be imputed; capable of being
imputed; chargeable; ascribable; attributable; referable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A prince whose political vices, at least, were
<i>imputable</i> to mental incapacity.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accusable; culpable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The fault lies at his door, and she is no wise
<i>imputable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*put"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being imputable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*put"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
imputation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pu*ta"tion</hw> (?), [L. <i>imputatio</i> an account, a
charge: cf. F. <i>imputation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of imputing or charging;
attribution; ascription; also, anything imputed or charged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shylock</i>. Antonio is a good man.<BR>
<i>Bassanio</i>. Have you heard any <i>imputation</i> to the
contrary?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I had a suit to Master Shallow, I would humor his
men with the <i>imputation</i> of being near their
master.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Charge or attribution of evil; censure;
reproach; insinuation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us be careful to guard ourselves against these
groundless <i>imputation</i> of our enemies.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A setting of something to
the account of; the attribution of personal guilt or personal
righteousness of another; as, the <i>imputation</i> of the sin of
Adam, or the righteousness of Christ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Opinion; intimation; hint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*put"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imputativus</i>: cf. F. <i>imputatif</i>.] <def>Transferred by
imputation; that may be imputed.</def> -- <wf>Im*put"a*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Actual righteousness as well as
<i>imputative</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Imputed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Imputing</u>.] [F. <i>imputer</i>, L. <i>imputare</i> to bring
into the reckoning, charge, impute; pref. <i>im-</i> in +
<i>putare</i> to reckon, think. See <u>Putative</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To charge; to ascribe; to attribute; to
set to the account of; to charge to one as the author, responsible
originator, or possessor; -- generally in a bad sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor you, ye proud, <i>impute</i> to these the
fault,<BR>
If memory o'er their tomb no trophies raise.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One vice of a darker shade was <i>imputed</i> to him -
- envy.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>To adjudge as one's own
(the sin or righteousness) of another; as, the righteousness of
Christ is <i>imputed</i> to us.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was <i>imputed</i> to him for
<i>righteousness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iv. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They merit<BR>
<i>Imputed</i> shall absolve them who renounce<BR>
Their own, both righteous and unrighteous deeds.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take account of; to consider; to
regard.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If we <i>impute</i> this last humiliation as the cause
of his death.</blockquote> <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To ascribe; attribute; charge; reckon; consider;
imply; insinuate; refer. See <u>Ascribe</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Im*put"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
imputes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im`pu*tres"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>im-
</i> + <i>putrescible</i>: cf. F. <i>imputrescible</i>.] <def>Not
putrescible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im"righ</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.; Gael. <i>eun-
bhrigh</i> chicken soup.] <def>A peculiar strong soup or broth, made
in Scotland.</def> [Written also <i>imrich</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>In-</hw> (?). [See <u>In</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>  Cf.
<u>Em-</u>, <u>En-</u>.] <def>A prefix from Eng. prep. <i>in</i>,
also from Lat. prep. <i>in</i>, meaning <i>in</i>, <i>into</i>,
<i>on</i>, <i>among</i>; as, <i>in</i>bred, <i>in</i>born,
<i>in</i>road; <i>in</i>cline, <i>in</i>ject, <i>in</i>trude. In
words from the Latin, <i>in-</i> regularly becomes <i>il-</i> before
<i>l</i>, <i>ir-</i> before <i>r</i>, and <i>im-</i> before a labial;
as, <i>il</i>lusion, <i>ir</i>ruption, <i>im</i>blue,
<i>im</i>migrate, <i>im</i>part. <i>In-</i> is sometimes used with an
simple intensive force.</def></p>

<p><hw>In-</hw> (?). [L. <i>in</i>-; akin to E. <i>un</i>-. See
<u>Un-</u>.] <def>An inseparable prefix, or particle, meaning
<i>not</i>, <i>non</i>-, <i>un-</i> as, <i>in</i>active,
<i>in</i>capable, <i>in</i>apt. <i>In-</i> regularly becomes <i>il-
</i> before <i>l</i>, <i>ir-</i> before <i>r</i>, and <i>im-</i>
before a labial.</def></p>

<p><hw>-in</hw>. <def>A suffix. See the Note under <u>-
ine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [AS. <i>in</i>; akin to D. &
G. <i>in</i>, Icel. <i>&imacr;</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>i</i>, OIr. &amp; L.
<i>in</i>, Gr. <grk>'en</grk>. &radic;197.  Cf. 1st <u>In-</u>,
<u>Inn</u>.] <def>The specific signification of <i>in</i> is
situation or place with respect to surrounding, environment,
encompassment, etc. It is used with verbs signifying being, resting,
or moving within limits, or within circumstances or conditions of any
kind conceived of as limiting, confining, or investing, either wholly
or in part. In its different applications, it approaches some of the
meanings of, and sometimes is interchangeable with, <i>within</i>,
<i>into</i>, <i>on</i>, <i>at</i>, <i>of</i>, and <i>among</i>.</def>
It is used: --</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With reference to space or place; as, he
lives <i>in</i> Boston; he traveled <i>in</i> Italy; castles
<i>in</i> the air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The babe lying <i>in</i> a manger.</blockquote>
<i>Luke ii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy sun sets weeping <i>in</i> the lowly
west.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Situated <i>in</i> the forty-first degree of
latitude.</blockquote> <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Matter for censure <i>in</i> every page.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With reference to circumstances or
conditions; as, he is <i>in</i> difficulties; she stood <i>in</i> a
blaze of light.</def> "Fettered <i>in</i> amorous chains."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wrapt <i>in</i> sweet sounds, as <i>in</i> bright
veils.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>With reference to a whole which includes
or comprises the part spoken of; as, the first <i>in</i> his family;
the first regiment <i>in</i> the army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nine <i>in</i> ten of those who enter the
ministry.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>With reference to physical surrounding,
personal states, etc., abstractly denoted; as, I am <i>in</i> doubt;
the room is <i>in</i> darkness; to live <i>in</i> fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When shall we three meet again,<BR>
<i>In</i> thunder, lightning, or <i>in</i> rain?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>With reference to character, reach, scope,
or influence considered as establishing a limitation; as, to be
<i>in</i> one's favor.</def> "<i>In</i> sight of God's high throne."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sounds inharmonious <i>in</i> themselves, and
harsh.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>With reference to movement or tendency
toward a certain limit or environment; -- sometimes equivalent to
<i>into</i>; as, to put seed <i>in</i> the ground; to fall <i>in</i>
love; to end <i>in</i> death; to put our trust <i>in</i>
God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would not plunge his brother <i>in</i>
despair.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She had no jewels to deposit <i>in</i> their
caskets.</blockquote> <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>With reference to a limit of time; as,
<i>in</i> an hour; it happened <i>in</i> the last century; <i>in</i>
all my life.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In as much as</b></col>, or <col><b>Inasmuch as</b></col>,
<cd>in the degree that; in like manner as; in consideration that;
because that; since. See <u>Synonym</u> of <u>Because</u>, and cf.
<i>For as much as</i>, under <u>For</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos></cd>
-- <col><b>In that</b></col>, <cd>because; for the reason that.</cd>
"Some things they do <i>in that</i> they are men . . . ; some things
<i>in that</i> they are men misled and blinded with error."
<i>Hooker.</i> -- <col><b>In the name of</b></col>, <cd>in behalf of;
on the part of; by authority; as, it was done <i>in the name of</i>
the people; -- often used in invocation, swearing, praying, and the
like.</cd> -- <col><b>To be in for it</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To be in favor of a thing; to be committed to a course.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be unable to escape from a danger,
penalty, etc.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To be</b></col> (or
<col><b>keep</b></col>) <col><b>in with</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be close or near; as, to <i>keep</i> a
ship <i>in with</i> the land.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be on
terms of friendship, familiarity, or intimacy with; to secure and
retain the favor of.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Into; within; on; at. See <u>At</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
out; within; inside. <i>In</i>, the preposition, becomes an adverb by
omission of its object, leaving it as the representative of an
adverbial phrase, the context indicating what the omitted object is;
as, he takes <i>in</i> the situation (<i>i. e.</i>, he comprehends it
<i>in</i> his mind); the Republicans were <i>in</i> (<i>i. e.</i>,
<i>in</i> office); <i>in</i> at one ear and out at the other (<i>i.
e.</i>, <i>in</i> or <i>into</i> the head); his side was <i>in</i>
(<i>i. e.</i>, <i>in</i> the turn at the bat); he came <i>in</i>
(<i>i. e.</i>, into the house).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their vacation . . . falls <i>in</i> so pat with
ours.</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The sails of a vessel are said, in nautical language, to be
<i>in</i> when they are furled, or when stowed.</p>

<p>   In certain cases <i>in</i> has an adjectival sense; as, the
<i>in</i> train (<i>i. e.</i>, the incoming train); compare <i>up</i>
grade, <i>down</i> grade, <i>under</i>tow, <i>after</i>thought,
etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>With privilege or possession;
-- used to denote a holding, possession, or seisin; as, <i>in</i> by
descent; <i>in</i> by purchase; <i>in</i> of the seisin of her
husband.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In and in breeding</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Breeding</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>In and out</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>through and through; -- said of a through bolt in a ship's
side.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>To be in</b></col>, <cd>to be at
home; as, Mrs. A. <i>is in</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To come in</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Come</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Usually in the plural.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is in office; -- the opposite of
<i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A re&euml;ntrant angle; a nook or
corner.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ins and outs</b></col>, <cd>nooks and corners; twists and
turns.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>ins and outs</i> of this
neighborhood.</blockquote> <i>D. Jerrold.</i></p>

<p><! p. 741 !></p>

<p><hw>In</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose; to take
in; to harvest.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He that ears my land spares my team and gives me leave
to <i>in</i> the crop.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>ability</i>: cf. F. <i>inhabilet&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Able</u>, and cf. <u>Unable</u>.] <def>The quality or state of
being unable; lack of ability; want of sufficient power, strength,
resources, or capacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not from an <i>inability</i> to discover what
they ought to do, that men err in practice.</blockquote>
<i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impotence; incapacity; incompetence; weakness;
powerlessness; incapability. See <u>Disability</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*a"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Enable</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*a"ble*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Enablement</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*ab"sti*nence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>abstinence</i>: cf. F. <i>inabstinence</i>.] <def>Want
of abstinence; indulgence.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>inabstinence</i> of
Eve."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ab*stract"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
abstracted.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`a*bu"sive*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
abuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ac*cess`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inaccessibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
inaccessible; inaccessibleness.</def> "The <i>inaccessibility</i> of
the precipice."  <i>Bp. Butler.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ac*cess"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inaccessibilis</i>: cf. F.  <i>inaccessible</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Accessible</u>.] <def>Not accessible; not to be reached,
obtained, or approached; as, an <i>inaccessible</i> rock, fortress,
document, prince, etc.</def> -- <wf>In`ac*cess"i*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>In`ac*cess"i*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ac*cord"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
accordant; discordant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ac"cu*ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Inaccuracies</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being inaccurate; want of
accuracy or exactness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is inaccurate or incorrect;
mistake; fault; defect; error; as, in <i>inaccuracy</i> in speech,
copying, calculation, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ac"cu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
accurate; not according to truth; inexact; incorrect; erroneous; as,
in <i>inaccurate</i> man, narration, copy, judgment, calculation,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The expression is plainly
<i>inaccurate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inexact; incorrect; erroneous; faulty; imperfect;
incomplete; defective.</p>

<p><hw>In*ac"cu*rate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inaccurate manner; incorrectly; inexactly.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ac*quaint"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Want of
acquaintance.</def>  <i>Good.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ac`qui*es"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
acquiescent or acquiescing.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in</i>.
not + <i>action</i>: cf. <i>inaction</i>.] <def>Want of action or
activity; forbearance from labor; idleness; rest; inertness.</def>
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>active</i>: cf. F. <i>inactif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not active; having no power to move; that
does not or can not produce results; inert; as, matter is, of itself,
<i>inactive</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not disposed to action or effort; not
diligent or industrious; not busy; idle; as, an <i>inactive</i>
officer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem. &amp; Opt.)</i> <def>Not active; inert;
esp., not exhibiting any action or activity on polarized light;
optically neutral; -- said of isomeric forms of certain substances,
in distinction from other forms which are optically active; as,
racemic acid is an <i>inactive</i> tartaric acid.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inert; dull; sluggish; idle; indolent; slothful;
lazy. See <u>Inert</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*ac"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an inactive
manner.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ac*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inactivit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being inactive;
inertness; as, the <i>inactivity</i> of matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Idleness; habitual indisposition to action
or exertion; want of energy; sluggishness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gloomy <i>inactivity</i> of despair.</blockquote>
<i>Cook.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ac"tose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A variety of sugar, found in certain plants. It is optically
<i>inactive</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ac"tu*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put in
action.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*ac`tu*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Operation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*ad`ap*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
adaptation; unsuitableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ad"e*qua*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Inadequate</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being inadequate or
insufficient; defectiveness; insufficiency; inadequateness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inadequacy</i> and consequent inefficacy of the
alleged causes.</blockquote> <i>Dr. T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ad"e*quate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>adequate</i>: cf. F. <i>inad&eacute;quat</i>.] <def>Not
adequate; unequal to the purpose; insufficient; deficient; as,
<i>inadequate</i> resources, power, conceptions, representations,
etc.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*ad"e*quate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*ad"e*quate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*ad`e*qua"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
exact correspondence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Puller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ad*her"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not adhering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Free; not connected with the
other organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ad*he"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
adhesion.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ad*mis`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inadmissibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being
inadmissible, or not to be received.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ad*mis"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>admissible</i>: cf. F. <i>inadmissible</i>.] <def>Not
admissible; not proper to be admitted, allowed, or received; as,
<i>inadmissible</i> testimony; an <i>inadmissible</i> proposition, or
explanation.</def> -- <wf>In`ad*mis"si*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ad*vert"ence</hw> (?); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-ces</b></plw>
(&?;), <hw>In`ad*vert"en*cy</hw> (?); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
cies</b></plw> (&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inadvertance</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being inadvertent; lack of
heedfulness or attentiveness; inattention; negligence; as, many
mistakes proceed from <i>inadvertence</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Inadvertency</i>, or want of attendance to the
sense and intention of our prayers.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An effect of inattention; a result of
carelessness; an oversight, mistake, or fault from
negligence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The productions of a great genius, with many lapses an
<i>inadvertencies</i>, are infinitely preferable to works of an
inferior kind of author which are scrupulously exact.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inattention; heedlessness; carelessness;
negligence; thoughtlessness. See <u>Inattention</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`ad*vert"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inadvertant</i>. See 2d <u>In-</u>, and <u>Advert</u>.] <def>Not
turning the mind to a matter; heedless; careless; negligent;
inattentive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>inadvertent</i> step may crush the snail<BR>
That crawls at evening in the public path.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`ad*vert"ent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ad*vis"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
advisable.</def> -- <wf>In`ad*vis"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*af`fa*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inaffabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Want of affability or sociability;
reticence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*af"fa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>affable</i>.] <def>Not affable; reserved in social
intercourse.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*af`fec*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>affectation</i>: cf. F. <i>inaffectation</i>.]
<def>Freedom from affectation; naturalness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`af*fect"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unaffected.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>In`af*fect"ed*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*aid"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being assisted; helpless.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*al`ien*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inalienable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*al"ien*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not +  <i>alienable</i>: cf. F. <i>inali&eacute;nable</i>.]
<def>Incapable of being alienated, surrendered, or transferred to
another; not alienable; as, in <i>inalienable</i>
birthright.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*al"ien*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inalienable; inalienability.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*al"ien*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner
that forbids alienation; as, rights <i>inalienably</i>
vested.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*al`i*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affording
no aliment or nourishment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*al`ter*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inalt&eacute;rabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
unalterable or unchangeable; permanence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*al"ter*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>alterable</i>: cf. F. <i>inalt&eacute;rable</i>.]
<def>Not alterable; incapable of being altered or changed;
unalterable.</def> -- <wf>In*al"ter*a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>In*al"ter*a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*a"mi*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unamiable.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>In*a"mi*a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`a*mis"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inamissibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inamissible</i>.] <def>Incapable of
being lost.</def> [R.] <i>Hammond.</i> --
<wf>In`a*mis"si*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*a`mo*ra"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>innamorata</i>, fem., <i>innamorato</i>, masc., p. p. of
<i>innamorare</i> to inspire with love. See <u>Enamor</u>.] <def>A
woman in love; a mistress.</def> "The fair <i>inamorata</i>."
<i>Sherburne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*am"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Enamored.</def> <i>Chapman.</i> -- <wf>In*am"o*rate*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||In*a`mo*ra"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Inamoratos</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Inamorata</u>.] <def>A male
lover.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`a*mov"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
amovable or removable.</def> [R.]  <i>Palgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"-and-in"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old game
played with four dice. <i>In</i> signified a doublet, or two dice
alike; <i>in-and-in</i>, either two doubles, or the four dice
alike.</def></p>

<p><hw>In and in</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Applied to
breeding from a male and female of the same parentage. See under
<u>Breeding</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>inanis</i>.]
<def>Without contents; empty; void of sense or intelligence;
purposeless; pointless; characterless; useless.</def> "Vague and
<i>inane</i> instincts." <i>I. Taylor.</i> -- <wf>In*ane"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*ane"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is void or
empty.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The undistinguishable <i>inane</i> of infinite
space.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*an"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
angular.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>In`a*nil"o*quent</hw> (?), <hw>In`a*nil"o*quous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>inanis</i> empty + <i>loqui</i> to
speak.] <def>Given to talking inanely; loquacious; garrulous.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*an"i*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> in (or intensively) + <i>animate</i>.] <def>To animate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*an"i*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inanimatus</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>animatus</i> animate.]
<def>Not animate; destitute of life or spirit; lifeless; dead;
inactive; dull; as, stones and earth are <i>inanimate</i>
substances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grieving, if aught <i>inanimate</i> e'er
grieves.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lifeless; dead; inert; inactive; dull; soulless;
spiritless. See <u>Lifeless</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*an"i*ma`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute
of life; lacking animation; unanimated.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*an"i*mate*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inanimate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The deadness and <i>inanimateness</i> of the
subject.</blockquote> <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*an`i*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d
<u>Inanimate</u>.] <def>Want of animation; lifeless;
dullness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*an`i*ma"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Inanimate</u>.] <def>Infusion of life or vigor; animation;
inspiration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inanimation</i> of Christ living and breathing
within us.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`a*ni"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
produce inanition in; to exhaust for want of nourishment.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`a*ni`ti*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inanition.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`a*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>inanition</i>, L. <i>inanitio</i> emptiness, fr. <i>inanire</i> to
empty, fr. <i>inanis</i> empty.  Cf. <u>Inane</u>.] <def>The
condition of being inane; emptiness; want of fullness, as in the
vessels of the body; hence, specifically, exhaustion from want of
food, either from partial or complete starvation, or from a disorder
of the digestive apparatus, producing the same result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Feeble from <i>inanition</i>, inert from
weariness.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Repletion and <i>inanition</i> may both do harm in two
contrary extremes.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*an"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Inanities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>inanitas</i>, fr.
<i>inanis</i> empty: cf. F. <i>inanit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Inane</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inanition; void space; vacuity;
emptiness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of seriousness; aimlessness;
frivolity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An inane, useless thing or pursuit; a
vanity; a silly object; -- chiefly in <i>pl.</i>; as, the
<i>inanities</i> of the world.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*an"ther*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Not bearing anthers; -- said of sterile stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In an"tis</hw> (?). [L.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Between
ant&aelig;; -- said of a portico in classical style, where columns
are set between two ant&aelig;, forming the angles of the building.
See <u>Anta</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ap"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sensibility;
feeling; -- opposed to <i>apathy</i>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ap*peal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
admitting of appeal; not appealable.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ap*peas"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being appeased or satisfied; unappeasable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ap*pel`la*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being inappellable; finality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inappellability</i> of the
councils.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ap*pel"la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inappealable; final.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*ap"pe*tence</hw> (?), <hw>In*ap"pe*ten*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>appetence</i>: cf. F.
<i>inapp&eacute;tence</i>.] <def>Want of appetency; want of
desire.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ap`pli*ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inapplicabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
inapplicable; unfitness; inapplicableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ap"pli*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>applicable</i>.] <def>Not applicable; incapable of
being applied; not adapted; not suitable; as, the argument is
<i>inapplicable</i> to the case.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unsuitable; unsuited; unadapted; inappropriate;
inapposite; irrelevant.</p>

<p>-- <wf>In*ap"pli*ca*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*ap"pli*ca*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*ap`pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>application</i>: cf. F. <i>inapplication</i>.]
<def>Want of application, attention, or diligence; negligence;
indolence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ap"po*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
apposite; not fit or suitable; not pertinent.</def> --
<wf>In*ap"po*site*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ap*pre"ci*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>appreciable</i>: cf. F.
<i>inappr&eacute;ciable</i>.] <def>Not appreciable; too small to be
perceived; incapable of being duly valued or estimated.</def>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ap*pre"ci*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want
of appreciation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ap`pre*hen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inapprehensibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inappr&eacute;hensible</i>.]
<def>Not apprehensible; unintelligible; inconceivable.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ap`pre*hen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
apprehension.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ap`pre*hen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
apprehensive; regardless; unconcerned.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ap*proach"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
approachable; unapproachable; inaccessible; unequaled.</def> --
<wf>In`ap*proach"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ap*pro"pri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
instrument (<i>to</i>); not appropriate; unbecoming; unsuitable; not
specially fitted; -- followed by <i>to</i> or <i>for</i>.</def> --
<wf>In`ap*pro"pri*ate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`ap*pro"pri*ate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*apt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> not +
<i>apt</i>: cf. F. <i>inapte</i>.  Cf. <u>Inept</u>.] <def>Unapt; not
apt; unsuitable; inept.</def> -- <wf>In*apt"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>In*apt"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*apt"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>In-</i> +
<i>aptitude</i>: cf. F. inaptitude.  Cf. <u>Ineptitude</u>.]
<def>Want of aptitude.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*a"quate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inaquatus</i>, p. p. of <i>inaquare</i> to make into water; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>aqua</i> water.] <def>Embodied in, or changed
into, water.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cranmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`a*qua"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being inaquate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Gardiner.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ar"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
arable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*arch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inarched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inarching</u>.] <def>To graft by uniting, as a scion, to a stock,
without separating either from its root before the union is complete;
-- also called to <i>graft by approach</i>.</def>  <i>P.
Miler.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*arch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A method of
ingrafting. See <u>Inarch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ar*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inarticulatus</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>articulatus</i>
articulate.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not uttered with articulation or
intelligible distinctness, as speech or words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Music which is <i>inarticulate</i> poesy.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Not jointed or articulated; having no distinct body segments;
as, an <i>inarticulate</i> worm.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Without a hinge; -- said of an order (<i>Inarticulata</i> or
<i>Ecardines</i>) of brachiopods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of articulating.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The poor earl, who is <i>inarticulate</i> with
palsy.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ar*tic"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
articulated; not jointed or connected by a joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ar*tic"u*late*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
an inarticulate manner.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ar*tic"u*late*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being inarticulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ar*tic`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inarticulation</i>.] <def>Inarticulateness.</def>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ar`ti*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>artificial</i>: cf. F. <i>inartificiel</i>.] <def>Not
artificial; not made or elaborated by art; natural; simple; artless;
as, an <i>inartificial</i> argument; an <i>inartificial</i>
character.</def> -- <wf>In*ar`ti*fi"cial*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>In*ar`ti*fi"cial*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`as*much"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>In</i> +
<i>as</i> + <i>much</i>.] <def>In like degree; in like manner; seeing
that; considering that; since; -- followed by <i>as</i>. See <i>In as
much as</i>, under <u>In</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Inasmuch</i> as ye did it not to one of the least
of these, ye did it not to me.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxv. 45.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Because; since; for; as. See <u>Because</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`at*ten"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>attention</i>: cf. F. <i>inattention</i>.] <def>Want of
attention, or failure to pay attention; disregard; heedlessness;
neglect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Novel lays attract our ravished ears;<BR>
But old, the mind <i>inattention</i> hears.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inadvertence; heedlessness; negligence;
carelessness; disregard; remissness; thoughtlessness; neglect. --
<u>Inattention</u>, <u>Inadvertence</u>. We miss seeing a thing
through <i>inadvertence</i> when <i>do not happen to look at</i> it;
through <i>inattention</i> when we <i>give no heed to</i> it, though
directly before us. The latter is therefore the worse.
<i>Inadvertence</i> may be an involuntary accident;
<i>inattention</i> is culpable neglect. A versatile mind is often
<i>inadvertent</i>; a careless or stupid one is
<i>inattentive</i>.</p>

<p><! p. 742 !></p>

<p><hw>In`at*ten"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inattentif</i>.] <def>Not attentive; not fixing the mind on an
object; heedless; careless; negligent; regardless; as, an
<i>inattentive</i> spectator or hearer; an <i>inattentive</i>
habit.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Careless; heedless; regardless; thoughtless;
negligent; remiss; inadvertent.</p>

<p>-- <wf>In`at*ten"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`at*ten"tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*au`di*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being inaudible; inaudibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*au"di*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inaudibilis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>audire</i> to hear: cf.
F. <i>unaudible</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Audible</u>.]
<def>Not audible; incapable of being heard; silent.</def> --
<wf>In*au"di*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*au"di*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*au"gur</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inaugurer</i>. See <u>Inaugurate</u>.] <def>To inaugurate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*au"gu*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inaugural</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or performed or pronounced at,
an inauguration; as, an <i>inaugural</i> address; the
<i>inaugural</i> exercises.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*au"gu*ral</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inaugural
address.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>In*au"gu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inauguratus</i>, p. p. of <i>inaugurare</i> to take omens from the
flight of birds (before entering upon any important undertaking);
hence, to consecrate, inaugurate, or install, with such divination;
pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>augurare</i>, <i>augurari</i>, to augur. See
<u>Augur</u>.] <def>Invested with office; inaugurated.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*au"gu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inaugurated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inaugurating</u> (?).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To introduce or induct into an office with
suitable ceremonies or solemnities; to invest with power or authority
in a formal manner; to install; as, to <i>inaugurate</i> a president;
to <i>inaugurate</i> a king.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to begin, esp. with formality or
solemn ceremony; hence, to set in motion, action, or progress; to
initiate; -- used especially of something of dignity or worth or
public concern; as, to <i>inaugurate</i> a new era of things, new
methods, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As if kings did choose remarkable days to
<i>inaugurate</i> their favors.</blockquote> <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To celebrate the completion of, or the
first public use of; to dedicate, as a statue.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To begin with good omens.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*au`gu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inauguratio</i> a beginning: cf. F. <i>inauguration</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inuagurating, or inducting into
office with solemnity; investiture by appropriate
ceremonies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At his regal <i>inauguration</i>, his old father
resigned the kingdom to him.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The formal beginning or initiation of any
movement, course of action, etc.; as, the <i>inauguration</i> of a
new system, a new condition, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*au"gu*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
inaugurates.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*au"gu*ra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable
for, or pertaining to, inauguration.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*au"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inauratus</i>, p. p. <i>inaurare</i> to gild; pref. <i>in-</i> in
+ <i>aurum</i> gold.] <def>Covered with gold; gilded.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*au"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover
with gold; to gild.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`au*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inauration</i>.] <def>The act or process of gilding or covering
with gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*aus"pi*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inauspicatus</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>auspicatus</i>, p. p.
<i>auspicari</i>. See <u>Auspicate</u>.] <def>Inauspicious.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir G. Buck.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`aus*pi"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
auspicious; ill-omened; unfortunate; unlucky; unfavorable.</def>
"<i>Inauspicious</i> stars." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Inauspicious</i> love."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`aus*pi"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`aus*pi"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`au*thor"i*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Without authority; not authoritative.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"barge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
embark; to go or put into a barge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"beam`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Shining
in.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"be`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inherence;
inherent existence.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*bind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
inclose.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"blown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Blown in or
into.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Inside the line of a vessel's
bulwarks or hull; the opposite of <i>outboard</i>; as, an
<i>inboard</i> cargo; haul the boom <i>inboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>From without inward; toward
the inside; as, the <i>inboard</i> stroke of a steam engine piston,
the inward or return stroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born in or with;
implanted by nature; innate; as, <i>inborn</i> passions.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Innate; inherent; natural.</p>

<p>{ <hw>In"break`</hw> (?), <hw>In"break`ing</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A breaking in; inroad; invasion.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*breathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inbreathed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inbreathing</u>.] <def>To infuse by breathing; to
inspire.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"bred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bred within;
innate; as, <i>inbred</i> worth.</def> "<i>Inbred</i> sentiments."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*breed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inbred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inbreeding</u>.] [Cf. <u>Imbreed</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To produce or generate within.</def>
<i>Bp. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>inbreed</i> and cherish . . . the seeds of
virtue.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To breed in and in. See under
<u>Breed</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>In"burn`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Burning
within.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>inburning</i> wrath she gan abate.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"burnt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Burnt in;
ineffaceable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>inburnt</i>, shamefaced thoughts.</blockquote>
<i>P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"burst`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bursting in or
into.</def></p>

<p><hw>Inc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Japanese measure of
length equal to about two and one twelfth yards.</def> [Written also
<i>ink</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>In"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An emperor or monarch of Peru before, or at the time of, the
Spanish conquest; any member of this royal dynasty, reputed to have
been descendants of the sun.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<def>The people governed by the Incas, now represented by the Quichua
tribe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inca dove</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small dove
(<i>Scardafella inca</i>), native of Arizona, Lower California, and
Mexico.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*cage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Incaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Incaging</u> (?).] [Cf. <u>Encage</u>.] <def>To confine in, or as
in, a cage; to coop up.</def> [Written also <i>encage</i>.]
"<i>Incaged</i> birds."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cage"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Confinement
in, or as in, cage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cal`cu*la*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being incalculable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cal"cu*la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>calculable</i>: cf. F. <i>incalculable</i>.] <def>Not
capable of being calculated; beyond calculation; very great.</def> --
<wf>In*cal"cu*la*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*cal"cu*la*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ca*les"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being incalescent, or of growing warm.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ca*les"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Incalescence.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ca*les"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incalescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>incalescere</i> to
grow hot. See 1st <u>In-</u>, and <u>Calescence</u>.] <def>Growing
warm; increasing in heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cam`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> in + L. <i>camera</i> chamber, LL., also, jurisdiction: cf. F.
<i>incam&eacute;ration</i>, It. <i>incamerazione</i>.] <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <def>The act or process of uniting lands, rights, or
revenues, to the ecclesiastical chamber, <i>i. e.</i>, to the pope's
domain.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Incas.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`can*des"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incandescence</i>.] <def>A white heat, or the glowing or luminous
whiteness of a body caused by intense heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`can*des"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incandecens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>incandescere</i> to
become warm or hot; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>candescere</i> to become
of a glittering whiteness, to become red hot, incho. fr.
<i>candere</i> to be of a glittering whiteness: cf. F.
<i>incandescent</i>. See <u>Candle</u>.] <def>White, glowing, or
luminous, with intense heat; as, <i>incandescent</i> carbon or
platinum; hence, clear; shining; brilliant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Holy Scripture become resplendent; or, as one might
say, <i>incandescent</i> throughout.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Incandescent lamp</b></col> or <col><b>light</b></col>
<i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a kind of lamp in which the light is produced by
a thin filament of conducting material, usually carbon, contained in
a vacuum, and heated to incandescence by an electric current, as in
the Edison lamp; -- called also <i>incandescence lamp</i>, and
<i>glowlamp</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`ca*nes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incanescens</i>, p. pr. <i>incanescere</i> to become gray.]
<def>Becoming hoary or gray; canescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ca"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>incanus</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>canus</i> hoary.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Hoary
with white pubescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`can*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incantatio</i>, fr. <i>incantare</i> to chant a magic formula over
one: cf. F. <i>incantation</i>. See <u>Enchant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of using formulas sung
or spoken, with occult ceremonies, for the purpose of raising
spirits, producing enchantment, or affecting other magical results;
enchantment.</def> "Mysterious ceremony and <i>incantation</i>."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A formula of words used as
above.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cant"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dealing by
enchantment; magical.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cant"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enchanting.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*can"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To unite to,
or form into, a canton or separate community.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ca`pa*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being incapable;
incapacity.</def>  <i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Want of legal qualifications,
or of legal power; as, <i>incapability</i> of holding an
office.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ca"pa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>capable</i>: cf. F. <i>incapable</i>, L. <i>incapabilis</i>
incomprehensible.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in ability or qualification for
the purpose or end in view; not large enough to contain or hold;
deficient in physical strength, mental or moral power, etc.; not
capable; as, <i>incapable</i> of holding a certain quantity of
liquid; <i>incapable</i> of endurance, of comprehension, of
perseverance, of reform, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not capable of being brought to do or
perform, because morally strong or well disposed; -- used with
reference to some evil; as, <i>incapable</i> of wrong, dishonesty, or
falsehood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not in a state to receive; not receptive;
not susceptible; not able to admit; as, <i>incapable</i> of pain, or
pleasure; <i>incapable</i> of stain or injury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Unqualified or disqualified,
in a legal sense; as, a man under thirty-five years of age is
<i>incapable</i> of holding the office of president of the United
States; a person convicted on impeachment is thereby made
<i>incapable</i> of holding an office of profit or honor under the
government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>As a term of disgrace,
sometimes annexed to a sentence when an officer has been cashiered
and rendered <i>incapable</i> of serving his country.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Incapable</i> is often used elliptically.</p>

<p><blockquote>Is not your father grown <i>incapable</i> of
reasonable affairs?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Incompetent; unfit; unable; insufficient;
inadequate; deficient; disqualified. See <u>Incompetent</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*ca"pa*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
morally or mentally weak or inefficient; an imbecile; a
simpleton.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ca"pa*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being incapable; incapability.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ca"pa*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an incapable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ca*pa"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>capacious</i>: cf. L. <i>incapax</i> incapable.]
<def>Not capacious; narrow; small; weak or foolish; as, an
<i>incapacious</i> soul.</def> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i> --
<wf>In`ca*pa"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ca*pac"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Incapacitated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Incapacitating</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>capacitate</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of capacity or natural power;
to disable; to render incapable or unfit; to disqualify; as, his age
<i>incapacitated</i> him for war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To deprive of legal or
constitutional requisites, or of ability or competency for the
performance of certain civil acts; to disqualify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It absolutely <i>incapacitated</i> them from holding
rank, office, function, or property.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ca*pac`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of incapacitating or state of being incapacitated; incapacity;
disqualification.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ca*pac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Incapacities</b></plw> (&?;). [Cf. F.
<i>incapacit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of capacity; lack of physical or
intellectual power; inability.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Want of legal ability or
competency to do, give, transmit, or receive something; inability;
disqualification; as, the <i>inacapacity</i> of minors to make
binding contracts, etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inability; incapability; incompetency; unfitness;
disqualification; disability.</p>

<p><hw>In*cap"su*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To inclose completely, as in a
membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cap`su*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The process of becoming, or the state or
condition of being, incapsulated; as, <i>incapsulation</i> of the
ovum in the uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*car"cer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Incarcerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Incarcerating</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>in-</i> in + L.
<i>carceratus</i>, p. p. of <i>carcerare</i> to imprison, fr.
<i>carcer</i> prison.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To imprison; to confine in a jail or
prison.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To confine; to shut up or inclose; to hem
in.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Incarcerated hernia</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>hernia in
which the constriction can not be easily reduced.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*car"cer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imprisoned.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*car`cer*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incarc&eacute;ration</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of confining, or the state of
being confined; imprisonment.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Formerly, strangulation, as in hernia.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A constriction of the hernial sac, rendering it irreducible, but
not great enough to cause strangulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*car"cer*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
incarcerates.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*carn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incarner</i>. See <u>Incarnate</u>.] <def>To cover or invest with
flesh.</def> [R.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*carn"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To develop
flesh.</def> [R.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*car"na*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>incarnadin</i>, It. <i>incarnatino</i>; L. pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>, flesh.  Cf. <u>Carnation</u>,
<u>Incarnate</u>.] <def>Flesh-colored; of a carnation or pale red
color.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lovelace.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*car"na*dine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dye red
or crimson.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood<BR>
Clean from my hand? No; this my hand will rather<BR>
The multitudinous seas <i>incarnadine</i>,<BR>
Making the green one red.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*car"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>carnate</i>.] <def>Not in the flesh; spiritual.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I fear nothing . . . that devil carnate or
<i>incarnate</i> can fairly do.</blockquote> <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*car"nate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>incarnatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>incarnare</i> to incarnate, pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>caro</i>, <i>carnis</i>, flesh. See <u>Carnal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Invested with flesh; embodied in a human
nature and form; united with, or having, a human body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here shalt thou sit <i>incarnate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He represents the emperor and his wife as two devils
<i>incarnate</i>, sent into the world for the destruction of
mankind.</blockquote> <i>Jortin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Flesh-colored; rosy; red.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*car"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Incarnated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Incarnating</u> (?).] <def>To clothe with flesh; to
embody in flesh; to invest, as spirits, ideals, etc., with a human
from or nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This essence to <i>incarnate</i> and imbrute,<BR>
That to the height of deity aspired.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*car"nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form flesh;
to granulate, as a wound.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My uncle Toby's wound was nearly well -- 't was just
beginning to <i>incarnate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`car*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>incarnation</i>, LL. <i>incarnatio</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of clothing with flesh, or the
state of being so clothed; the act of taking, or being manifested in,
a human body and nature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The union of the second
person of the Godhead with manhood in Christ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An incarnate form; a personification; a
manifestation; a reduction to apparent from; a striking
exemplification in person or act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is a new <i>incarnation</i> of some of the
illustrious dead.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The very <i>incarnation</i> of
selfishness.</blockquote> <i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A rosy or red color; flesh color;
carnation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The process of healing
wounds and filling the part with new flesh; granulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*car"na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incarnatif</i>.] <def>Causing new flesh to grow; healing;
regenerative.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An incarnative
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*car`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Incarnation</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <def>The act of assuming, or
state of being clothed with, flesh; incarnation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*case"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Incased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Incasing</u>.] [F. <i>encaisser</i>; pref. <i>en-</i> (L.
<i>in</i>) + <i>caisse</i> case. See <u>Case</u> a box, and cf.
<u>Encase</u>, <u>Enchase</u>.] <def>To inclose in a case; to
inclose; to cover or surround with something solid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rich plates of gold the folding doors
<i>incase</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*case"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Casement</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of inclosing with a
case, or the state of being incased.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which forms a case, covering, or
inclosure.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cask"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover with
a casque or as with a casque.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cas"tel*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Confined
or inclosed in a castle.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cas"telled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>Hoofbound.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cat`e*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>incatenatio</i>; L. pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>catena</i> chain. See
<u>Enchain</u>.] <def>The act of linking together; enchaining.</def>
[R.]  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cau"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
caution.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cau"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>cautious</i>: cf. L. <i>incautus</i>.] <def>Not cautious;
not circumspect; not attending to the circumstances on which safety
and interest depend; heedless; careless; as, an <i>incautious</i>
step; an <i>incautious</i> remark.</def></p>

<p><! p. 743 !></p>

<p><blockquote>You . . . <i>incautious</i> tread<BR>
On fire with faithless embers overspread.</blockquote>
<i>Francis.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His rhetorical expressions may easily captivate any
<i>incautious</i> reader.</blockquote> <i>Keill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unwary; indiscreet; inconsiderate; imprudent;
impolitic; careless; heedless; thoughtless.</p>

<p>-- <wf>In*cau"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*cau"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In"ca*va`ted</hw> (&ibreve;n"k&adot;*v&amacr;`t&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>incavatus</i>, p. p. of <i>incavare</i>
to make hollow: pref <i>in-</i> in + <i>cavare</i> to hollow out, fr.
<i>cavus</i> hollow.] <def>Made hollow; bent round or in.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ca*va"tion</hw> (&ibreve;n`k&adot;*v&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of making hollow; also, a hollow; an
excavation; a depression.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*caved"</hw> (&ibreve;n*k&amacr;vd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>cave</i>.  Cf. <u>Encave</u>,
<u>Incavated</u>.] <def>Inclosed in a cave.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cav"erned</hw> (&ibreve;n*k&abreve;v"&etilde;rnd),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclosed or shut up as in a cavern.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ced"ing*ly</hw> (&ibreve;n*s&emacr;d"&ibreve;ng*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L. <i>incedere</i> to walk majestically.]
<def>Majestically.</def> [R.]  <i>C. Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ce*leb"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
celebrity or distinction; obscurity.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incendere</i>, <i>incensum</i>, to kindle, burn. See
<u>Incense</u> to inflame.] <def>To inflame; to excite.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cen"di*a*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Incendiary</u>.] <def>The act or practice of maliciously setting
fires; arson.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cen"di*a*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Incendiaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>incendiarius</i>: cf. F.
<i>incendiaire</i>. See <u>Incense</u> to inflame.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any person who maliciously sets fire to a
building or other valuable or other valuable property.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who excites or inflames factions,
and promotes quarrels or sedition; an agitator; an exciter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Several cities . . . drove them out as
<i>incendiaries</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cen"di*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incendiarius</i>, fr. <i>incendium</i> a fire, conflagration: cf.
F. <i>incendiaire</i>. See <u>Incense</u> to inflame.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to incendiarism, or the
malicious burning of valuable property; as, <i>incendiary</i>
material; as <i>incendiary</i> crime.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to excite or inflame factions,
sedition, or quarrel; inflammatory; seditious.</def>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Incendiary shell</b></col>, <cd>a bombshell. See
<u>Carcass</u>, 4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*cen"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incendiosus</i> burning, hot.] <def>Promoting faction or
contention; seditious; inflammatory.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i> --
<wf>In*cen"di*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*cen"sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Incense</u>
to anger.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A modern term applied to animals (as a
boar) when borne as raging, or with furious aspect.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cen*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <def>The offering of incense.</def> [R.]  <i>Encyc.
Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Incensed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Incensing</u>.] [L. <i>incensus</i>, p. p. of <i>incendere</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> in + root of <i>candere</i> to glow. See
<u>Candle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set on fire; to inflame; to kindle; to
burn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Twelve Trojan princes wait on thee, and labor to
<i>incense</i><BR>
Thy glorious heap of funeral.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inflame with anger; to endkindle; to
fire; to incite; to provoke; to heat; to madden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people are <i>incensed</i> him.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To enrage; exasperate; provoke; anger; irritate;
heat; fire; instigate.</p>

<p><hw>In"cense</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Incensed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Incensing</u>.] [LL. <i>incensare</i>: cf. F. <i>encenser</i>. See
<u>Incense</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To offer incense to. See
<u>Incense</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perfume with, or as with,
incense.</def> "<i>Incensed</i> with wanton sweets."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"cense</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>encens</i>, F.
<i>encens</i>, L. <i>incensum</i>, fr. <i>incensus</i>, p. p. of
<i>incendere</i> to burn. See <u>Incense</u> to inflame.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The perfume or odors exhaled from spices
and gums when burned in celebrating religious rites or as an offering
to some deity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thick cloud of <i>incense</i> went up.</blockquote>
<i>Ezek. viii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The materials used for the purpose of
producing a perfume when burned, as fragrant gums, spices,
frankincense, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, took either of
them his censer, and put fire therein, and put <i>incense</i>
thereon.</blockquote> <i>Lev. x. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or heap the shrine of luxury and pride,<BR>
With <i>incense</i> kindled at the Muse's flame.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Incense tree</b></col>, <cd>the name of several balsamic
trees of the genus <i>Bursera</i> (or <i>Icica</i>) mostly tropical
American. The gum resin is used for incense. In Jamaica the
<i>Chrysobalanus Icaco</i>, a tree related to the plums, is called
<i>incense tree</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Incense wood</b></col>, <cd>the
fragrant wood of the tropical American tree <i>Bursera
heptaphylla</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"cense-breath`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Breathing or exhaling incense.</def> "<i>Incense-breathing</i>
morn."  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*censed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Angered; enraged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Represented as enraged, as
any wild creature depicted with fire issuing from mouth and
eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cense"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fury; rage;
heat; exasperation; as, implacable <i>incensement</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cen"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
instigates or incites.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incensio</i>. See <u>Incense</u> to inflame.] <def>The act of
kindling, or the state of being kindled or on fire.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
excite or provoke; inflammatory.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cen"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A kindler
of anger or enmity; an inciter.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cen"so*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Incensories</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>incensorium</i>: cf. F.
<i>encensoir</i>. See 2d <u>Incense</u>, and cf. <u>Censer</u>.]
<def>The vessel in which incense is burned and offered; a censer; a
thurible.</def> [R.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cen"sur*a*ble</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>censurable</i>: cf. F. <i>incensurable</i>.]
<def>Not censurable.</def> <i>Dr. T. Dwight.</i> --
<wf>In*cen"sur*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*cen"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>The center of the circle inscribed in a triangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cen"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incentivus</i>, from <i>incinere</i> to strike up or set the tune;
pref. <i>in-</i> + <i>canere</i> to sing. See <u>Enchant</u>,
<u>Chant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inciting; encouraging or moving; rousing
to action; stimulative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Competency is the most <i>incentive</i> to
industry.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Serving to kindle or set on fire.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Part <i>incentive</i> reed<BR>
Provide, pernicious with one touch of fire.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cen"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>incentivum</i>.]
<def>That which moves or influences the mind, or operates on the
passions; that which incites, or has a tendency to incite, to
determination or action; that which prompts to good or ill; motive;
spur; as, the love of money, and the desire of promotion, are two
powerful <i>incentives</i> to action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The greatest obstacles, the greatest terrors that come
in their way, are so far from making them quit the work they had
begun, that they rather prove <i>incentives</i> to them to go on in
it.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Motive; spur; stimulus; incitement; encouragement;
inducement; influence.</p>

<p><hw>In*cen"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Incitingly;
encouragingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inceptio</i>, fr. <i>incipere</i> to begin; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>capere</i> to take. See <u>Capable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Beginning; commencement; initiation.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Marked with vivacity of <i>inception</i>, apathy of
progress, and prematureness of decay.</blockquote> <i>Rawle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reception; a taking in.</def> [R.]
<i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cep"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beginning;
expressing or indicating beginning; as, an <i>inceptive</i>
proposition; an <i>inceptive</i> verb, which expresses the beginning
of action; -- called also <i>inchoative</i>.</def> --
<wf>In*cep"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*cep"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inceptive word,
phrase, or clause.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cep"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A beginner; one in the rudiments.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is on the point of taking the
degree of master of arts at an English university.</def>
<i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cer*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incerare</i> to smear with wax; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>cerare</i> to wax, fr. <i>cera</i> wax: cf. F.
<i>inc&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>The act of smearing or covering with
wax.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cer"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cleaving or
sticking like wax.</def>  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cer"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>certain</i>: cf. F. <i>incertain</i>, L. <i>incertus</i>.
See <u>Certain</u>.] <def>Uncertain; doubtful; unsteady.</def> --
<wf>In*cer"tain*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Very questionable and of <i>uncertain</i>
truth.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cer"tain*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Uncertainty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cer"ti*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incertitude</i>, LL. <i>incertitudo</i>, fr. L. <i>incertus</i>.
See <u>Incertain</u>.] <def>Uncertainty; doubtfulness;
doubt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>incertitude</i> and instability of this
life.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He fails . . . from mere <i>incertitude</i> or
irresolution.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In*cer"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Doubtful; not
of definite form.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Opus incertum</b></col> <i>(Anc. Arch.)</i>, <cd>a kind of
masonry employed in building walls, in which the stones were not
squared nor laid in courses; rubblework.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*ces"sa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incessabilis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>cessare</i> to cease.]
<def>Unceasing; continual.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shelton.</i> --
<wf>In*ces"sa*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*ces"san*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Incessant</u>.] <def>The quality of being incessant; unintermitted
continuance; unceasingness.</def>  <i>Dr. T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ces"sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incessans</i>, <i>-antis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not +
<i>cessare</i> to cease: cf. F. <i>incessant</i>. See <u>Cease</u>.]
<def>Continuing or following without interruption; unceasing;
unitermitted; uninterrupted; continual; as, <i>incessant</i> clamors;
<i>incessant</i> pain, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Against the castle gate,<BR>
 . . . Which with <i>incessant</i> force and endless hate,<BR>
They batter'd day and night and entrance did await.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unceasing; uninterrupted; unintermitted;
unremitting; ceaseless; continual; constant; perpetual.</p>

<p><hw>In*ces"sant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Unceasingly;
continually.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ces"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incedere</i>, <i>incessum</i>, to walk.] <def>Motion on foot;
progress in walking.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>incession</i> or local motion of
animals.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"cest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>inceste</i>, L.
<i>incestum</i> unchastity, incest, fr. <i>incestus</i> unchaste;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>castus</i> chaste. See <u>Chaste</u>.]
<def>The crime of cohabitation or sexual commerce between persons
related within the degrees wherein marriage is prohibited by
law.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spiritual incest</b></col>. <i>(Eccl. Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The crime of cohabitation committed between
persons who have a spiritual alliance by means of baptism or
confirmation.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The act of a vicar, or
other beneficiary, who holds two benefices, the one depending on the
collation of the other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*cest"tu*ous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incestuosus</i>: cf. F. <i>incestueux</i>.] <def>Guilty of incest;
involving, or pertaining to, the crime of incest; as, an
<i>incestuous</i> person or connection.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere you reach to this <i>incestuous</i> love,<BR>
You must divine and human rights remove.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*cest"tu*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*cest"tu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Inch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>inis</i>.]
<def>An island; -- often used in the names of small islands off the
coast of Scotland, as in <i>Inch</i>colm, <i>Inch</i>keith,
etc.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Inch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>inche</i>,
<i>unche</i>, AS. <i>ynce</i>, L. <i>uncia</i> the twelfth part,
inch, ounce. See <u>Ounce</u> a weight.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A measure of length, the twelfth part of a
foot, commonly subdivided into halves, quarters, eights, sixteenths,
etc., as among mechanics. It was also formerly divided into twelve
parts, called <i>lines</i>, and originally into three parts, called
<i>barleycorns</i>, its length supposed to have been determined from
three grains of barley placed end to end lengthwise. It is also
sometimes called a <i>prime</i> (&prime;), composed of twelve seconds
(&prime;&prime;), as in the duodecimal system of arithmetic.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>12 seconds (&prime;&prime;) make 1 <i>inch</i> or
prime. 12 <i>inches</i> or primes (&prime;)  make 1
foot.</blockquote> <i>B. Greenleaf.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The meter, the accepted scientific standard of length,
equals 39.37 inches; the inch is equal to 2.54 centimeters. See
<u>Metric system</u>, and <u>Meter</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small distance or degree, whether of
time or space; hence, a critical moment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beldame, I think we watched you at an
<i>inch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>By inches</b></col>, <cd>by slow degrees, gradually.</cd>
-- <col><b>Inch of candle</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Candle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Inches of pressure</b></col>,
<cd>usually, the pressure indicated by so many inches of a mercury
column, as on a steam gauge.</cd> -- <col><b>Inch of water</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Water</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Miner's inch</b></col>,
<i>(Hydraulic Mining)</i>, <cd>a unit for the measurement of water.
See <i>Inch of water</i>, under <u>Water</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Inch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inching</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive by inches, or small
degrees.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He gets too far into the soldier's grace<BR>
And <i>inches</i> out my master.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deal out by inches; to give
sparingly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Inch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To advance or retire
by inches or small degrees; to move slowly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With slow paces measures back the field,<BR>
And <i>inches</i> to the walls.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Inch</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Measuring an inch in any
dimension, whether length, breadth, or thickness; -- used in
composition; as, a two-<i>inch</i> cable; a four-<i>inch</i>
plank.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inch stuff</b></col>, <cd>boards, etc., sawed one inch
thick.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*cham"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inchambered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inchambering</u>.] [Pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>chamber</i>: cf. OF. <i>enchambrer</i>.] <def>To lodge in a
chamber.</def> [R.]  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*change`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unchangeableness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Kenrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*chant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Enchant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*char"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incharitable</i>.] <def>Uncharitable; unfeeling.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*char"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incharit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Want of charity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*chase"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Enchase</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*chas"ti*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>chastity</i>: cf. F. <i>inchastet&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Unchastity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Inched</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or measuring
(so many) inches; as, a four-<i>inched</i> bridge.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*chest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put into a
chest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Inch"i*pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Inchpin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Inch"meal`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Meal</u> a
part, and cf. <u>Piecemeal</u>.] <def>A piece an inch long.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By inchmeal</b></col>, <cd>by small degrees; by
inches.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Inch"meal`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Little by little;
gradually.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"cho*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inchoatus</i>, better <i>incohatus</i>, p. p. of <i>incohare</i>
to begin.] <def>Recently, or just, begun; beginning; partially but
not fully in existence or operation; existing in its elements;
incomplete.</def> -- <wf>In"cho*ate*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither a substance perfect, nor a substance
<i>inchoate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"cho*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
begin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cho*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inchoatio</i>, <i>incohatio</i>.] <def>Act of beginning;
commencement; inception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The setting on foot some of those arts, in those
parts, would be looked on as the first <i>inchoation</i> of
them.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is now in actual progress, from the rudest
<i>inchoation</i> to the most elaborate finishing.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cho"a*tive</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inchoativus</i>, <i>incohativus</i>: cf. F. <i>inchoatif</i>.]
<def>Expressing or pertaining to a beginning; inceptive; as, an
<i>inchoative</i> verb.</def>  "Some <i>inchoative</i> or imperfect
rays." <i>W. Montagu.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inchoative
verb. See <u>Inceptive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Inch"pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>inchipin</i>, <i>inche-pinne</i>, <i>inne-pinne</i>.] [Cf. Gael.
<i>inne</i>, <i>innidh</i>, bowel, entrail.] <def>The sweetbread of a
deer.</def>  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Inch"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The larva of any geometrid moth. See <u>Geometrid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cic"u*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incicur</i> not tame; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>cicur</i> name.]
<def>Untamable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*cide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incidere</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>caedere</i> to cut. See
<u>Concise</u>, and cf. <u>Incise</u>.] <def>To cut; to separate and
remove; to resolve or break up, as by medicines.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ci*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incidence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A falling on or upon; an incident; an
event.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The direction in which a
body, or a ray of light or heat, falls on any surface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In equal <i>incidences</i> there is a considerable
inequality of refractions.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Angle of incidence</b></col>, <cd>the angle which a ray of
light, or the line of incidence of a body, falling on any surface,
makes with a perpendicular to that surface; also formerly, the
complement of this angle.</cd> -- <col><b>Line of
incidence</b></col>, <cd>the line in the direction of which a surface
is struck by a body, ray of light, and the like.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"ci*den*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Incidence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ci*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>incidens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. &amp; of <i>incidere</i> to fall into or upon;
pref. <i>in-</i> in, on + <i>cadere</i> to fall: cf. F.
<i>incident</i>. See <u>Cadence</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Falling or striking upon, as a ray of
light upon a reflecting surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coming or happening accidentally; not in
the usual course of things; not in connection with the main design;
not according to expectation; casual; fortuitous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the ordinary course of common affairs is disposed
of by general laws, so likewise men's rarer <i>incident</i>
necessities and utilities should be with special equity
considered.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liable to happen; apt to occur; befalling;
hence, naturally happening or appertaining.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All chances <i>incident</i> to man's frail
life.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The studies <i>incident</i> to his
profession.</blockquote> <i>Milward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Dependent upon, or
appertaining to, another thing, called the
<i>principal</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Incident proposition</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>a
proposition subordinate to another, and introduced by <i>who</i>,
<i>which</i>, <i>whose</i>, <i>whom</i>, etc.; as, Julius, <i>whose
surname was C&aelig;sar</i>, overcame Pompey.</cd>  <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ci*dent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incident</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which falls out or
takes place; an event; casualty; occurrence.</def></p>

<p><! p. 744 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which happens aside from the main
design; an accidental or subordinate action or event.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No person, no <i>incident</i>, in a play but must be
of use to carry on the main design.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Something appertaining to,
passing with, or depending on, another, called the
<i>principal</i>.</def>  <i>Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Circumstance; event; fact; adventure; contingency;
chance; accident; casualty. See <u>Event</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`ci*den"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Happening,
as an occasional event, without regularity; coming without design;
casual; accidental; hence, not of prime concern; subordinate;
collateral; as, an <i>incidental</i> conversation; an
<i>incidental</i> occurrence; <i>incidental</i> expenses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By some, religious duties . . . appear to be regarded
. . . as an <i>incidental</i> business.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Accidental; casual; fortuitous; contingent; chance;
collateral. See <u>Accidental</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>In`ci*den"tal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`ci*den"tal*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>I treat either or <i>incidentally</i> of
colors.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ci*den"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An incident;
that which is incidental; esp., in the plural, an aggregate of
subordinate or incidental items not particularized; as, the expense
of tuition and <i>incidentals</i>.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ci*dent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Incidentally.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*cin"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being incinerated or reduced to ashes.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cin"er*ate</hw> (?), [LL. <i>incineratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>incinerare</i> to incinerate; L. pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>cinis</i>, <i>cineris</i>, ashes.] <def>Reduced to ashes by
burning; thoroughly consumed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cin"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Incinerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Incinerating</u> (?).] <def>To burn to ashes; to
consume; to burn.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the fire only that <i>incinerates</i>
bodies.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cin`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>incineratio</i>: cf. F. <i>incin&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>The act
of incinerating, or the state of being incinerated;
cremation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The phenix kind,<BR>
Of whose <i>incineration</i>,<BR>
There riseth a new creation.</blockquote> <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*cip"i*ence</hw> (?), <hw>In*cip"i*en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>incipientia</i>.] <def>Beginning;
commencement; incipient state.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cip"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incipiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>incipere</i> to begin. See
<u>Inception</u>.] <def>Beginning to be, or to show itself;
commencing; initial; as, the <i>incipient</i> stage of a fever;
<i>incipient</i> light of day.</def> -- <wf>In*cip"i*ent*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*cir"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Encircle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cir"clet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Encirclet</u>.] <def>A small circle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cir`cum*scrip"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>circumscriptible</i>: cf. LL.
<i>incircumscriptibilis</i>.] <def>Incapable of being circumscribed
or limited.</def>  <i>Cranmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cir`cum*scrip"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Condition or quality of being incircumscriptible or
limitless.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cir"cum*spect</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>circumspect</i>.] <def>Not circumspect; heedless;
careless; reckless; impolitic.</def>  <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cir`cum*spec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incirconspection</i>.] <def>Want of circumspection.</def>  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Incised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Incising</u>.] [L. <i>incisus</i>, p. p. of <i>incidere</i> to
incise: cf. F. <i>inciser</i>. See <u>Incide</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut in or into with a sharp instrument;
to carve; to engrave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I on thy grave this epitaph
<i>incise</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut, gash, or wound with a sharp
instrument; to cut off.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cised"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cut in; carved; engraved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having deep and sharp
notches, as a leaf or a petal.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cise"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an incised
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ci"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>incisio</i>:
cf. F. <i>incision</i>. See <u>Incise</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of incising, or cutting into a
substance.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is produced by incising; the
separation of the parts of any substance made by a cutting or pointed
instrument; a cut; a gash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Separation or solution of viscid matter by
medicines.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*ci"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incisif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality of incising, cutting,
or penetrating, as with a sharp instrument; cutting; hence, sharp;
acute; sarcastic; biting.</def> "An <i>incisive</i>, high voice."
<i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And her <i>incisive</i> smile accrediting<BR>
That treason of false witness in my blush.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
incisors; incisor; as, the <i>incisive</i> bones, the
premaxillaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ci"sor</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the teeth in front of the canines in
either jaw; an incisive tooth. See <u>Tooth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ci"sor</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted for cutting;
of or pertaining to the incisors; incisive; as, the <i>incisor</i>
nerve; an <i>incisor</i> foramen; an <i>incisor</i> tooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ci"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
quality of cutting; incisor; incisive.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cis"ure</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incisura</i>: cf. F. <i>incisure</i>.] <def>A cut; an incision; a
gash.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cit"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>incitans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>incitare</i>. See <u>Incite</u>.]
<def>Inciting; stimulating.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cit"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which incites;
an inciting agent or cause; a stimulant.</def>  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ci*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>incitation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inciting or moving to
action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which incites to action; that which
rouses or prompts; incitement; motive; incentive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The noblest <i>incitation</i> to honest
attempts.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cit"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
provocative; an incitant; a stimulant.</def> [R.]  <i>Jervas.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Incited</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inciting</u>.] [L. <i>incitare</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>citare</i> to rouse, stir up: cf. F. <i>inciter</i>. See
<u>Cite</u>.] <def>To move to action; to stir up; to rouse; to spur
or urge on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anthiochus, when he <i>incited</i> Prusias to join in
war, set before him the greatness of the Romans.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No blown ambition doth our arms
<i>incite</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Excite; stimulate; instigate; spur; goad; arouse;
move; urge; rouse; provoke; encourage; prompt; animate. See
<u>Excite</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*cite"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incitement</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inciting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which incites the mind, or moves to
action; motive; incentive; impulse.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From the long records of a distant age,<BR>
Derive <i>incitements</i> to renew thy rage.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Motive; incentive; spur; stimulus; impulse;
encouragement.</p>

<p><hw>In*cit"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, incites.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cit"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
incite or stimulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ci`to-mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incitus</i> incited + E. <i>motor</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Inciting to motion; -- applied to that action which, in the case
of muscular motion, commences in the nerve centers, and excites the
muscles to contraction. Opposed to <i>excito-motor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ci`to-mo"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Incitomotor.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*civ"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>incivilis</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>civilis</i> civil: cf. F. <i>incivil</i>.]
<def>Uncivil; rude.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ci*vil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Incivilities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>incivilitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>incivilit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being uncivil;
want of courtesy; rudeness of manner; impoliteness.</def>  <i>Shak.
Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any act of rudeness or ill
breeding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Uncomely jests, loud talking and jeering, which, in
civil account, are called indecencies and
<i>incivilities</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Want of civilization; a state of rudeness
or barbarism.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impoliteness; uncourteousness; unmannerliness;
disrespect; rudeness; discourtesy.</p>

<p><hw>In*civ`i*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>civilization</i>.] <def>The state of being
uncivilized; want of civilization; barbarism.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*civ"il*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Uncivilly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*civ"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>civism</i>: cf. F. <i>incivisme</i>.] <def>Want of civism;
want of patriotism or love to one's country; unfriendliness to one's
state or government.</def> [R.]  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cla*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inclamatio</i>. See 1st <u>In-</u>, and <u>Claim</u>.]
<def>Exclamation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*clasp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
in + <i>clasp</i>.  Cf. <u>Enclasp</u>.] <def>To clasp within; to
hold fast to; to embrace or encircle.</def> [Written also
<i>enclasp</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The flattering ivy who did ever see<BR>
<i>Inclasp</i> the huge trunk of an aged tree.</blockquote> <i>F.
Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*clau"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not closing
or shutting.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"cla*va`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>inclavatus</i>; L. pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>clavare</i> to fasten
with nails, fr. <i>clavus</i> nail.] <def>Set; fast; fixed.</def>
<i>Dr. John Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*clave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Inclavated</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Resembling a series of
dovetails; -- said of a line of division, such as the border of an
ordinary.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Inkle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*clem"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Inclemencies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>inclementia</i>: cf. F.
<i>incl&eacute;mence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being inclement;
want of clemency; want of mildness of temper; unmercifulness;
severity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inclemency</i> of the late pope.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Physical severity or harshness (commonly
in respect to the elements or weather); roughness; storminess; rigor;
severe cold, wind, rain, or snow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inclemencies</i> of morning air.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rude <i>inclemency</i> of wintry
skies.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Harshness; severity; cruelty; rigor; roughness;
storminess; boisterousness.</p>

<p><hw>In*clem"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inclemens</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>clemens</i> mild: cf. F.
<i>incl&eacute;ment</i>. See <u>Clement</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not clement; destitute of a mild and kind
temper; void of tenderness; unmerciful; severe; harsh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Physically severe or harsh (generally
restricted to the elements or weather); rough; boisterous; stormy;
rigorously cold, etc.; as, <i>inclement</i> weather.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The guard the wretched from the <i>inclement</i>
sky.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Teach us further by what means to shun<BR>
The <i>inclement</i> seasons, rain, ice, hail, and snow!</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*clem"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inclement manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*clin"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inclinabilis</i>. See <u>Incline</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Leaning; tending.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Likely and <i>inclinable</i> to fall.</blockquote>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a propensity of will or feeling;
leaning in disposition; disposed; propense; as, a mind
<i>inclinable</i> to truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever other sins he may be <i>inclinable</i>
to.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The very constitution of a multitude is not so
<i>inclinable</i> to save as to destroy.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*clin"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being inclinable; inclination.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cli*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inclinatio</i>: cf. F. <i>inclination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of inclining, or state of being inclined; a leaning; as,
an <i>inclination</i> of the head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A direction or tendency from the true
vertical or horizontal direction; as, the <i>inclination</i> of a
column, or of a road bed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tendency towards another body or
point.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The angle made by two lines
or planes; as, the <i>inclination</i> of the plane of the earth's
equator to the plane of the ecliptic is about 23&deg; 28&prime;; the
<i>inclination</i> of two rays of light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A leaning or tendency of the mind,
feelings, preferences, or will; propensity; a disposition more
favorable to one thing than to another; favor; desire;
love.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mere <i>inclination</i> to a thing is not properly a
willing of that thing.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How dost thou find the <i>inclination</i> of the
people?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing loved or admired.</def>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>Decantation, or tipping
for pouring.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inclination compass</b></col>, <cd>an inclinometer.</cd> -
- <col><b>Inclination of an orbit</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
angle which the orbit makes with the ecliptic.</cd> --
<col><b>Inclination of the needle</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Dip of the
needle</i>, under <u>Dip</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bent; tendency; proneness; bias; proclivity;
propensity; prepossession; predilection; attachment; desire;
affection; love. See <u>Bent</u>, and cf. <u>Disposition</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*clin"a*to*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the quality of leaning or inclining; as, the
<i>inclinatory</i> needle.</def> -- <wf>In*clin"a*to*ri*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cline"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inclined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inclining</u>.] [OE. <i>inclinen</i>, <i>enclinen</i>, OF.
<i>encliner</i>, <i>incliner</i>, F. <i>incliner</i>, L.
<i>inclinare</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>clinare</i> to bend,
incline; akin to E. <i>lean</i>. See <u>Lean</u> to incline.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deviate from a line, direction, or
course, toward an object; to lean; to tend; as, converging lines
<i>incline</i> toward each other; a road <i>inclines</i> to the north
or south.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To lean or tend, in an intellectual
or moral sense; to favor an opinion, a course of conduct, or a
person; to have a propensity or inclination; to be
disposed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their hearts <i>inclined</i> to follow
Abimelech.</blockquote> <i>Judges ix. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Power finds its balance, giddy motions cease<BR>
In both the scales, and each <i>inclines</i> to peace.</blockquote>
<i>Parnell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bow; to incline the head.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To lean; slope; slant; tend; bend.</p>

<p><hw>In*cline"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to deviate from a line, position, or direction; to give
a leaning, bend, or slope to; as, <i>incline</i> the column or post
to the east; <i>incline</i> your head to the right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Incline</i> thine ear, O Lord, and
hear.</blockquote> <i>Is. xxxvii. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impart a tendency or propensity to, as
to the will or affections; to turn; to dispose; to
influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Incline</i> my heart unto thy
testimonies.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxix. 36.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Incline</i> our hearts to keep this
law.</blockquote> <i>Book of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bend; to cause to stoop or bow; as, to
<i>incline</i> the head or the body in acts of reverence or
civility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With due respect my body I
<i>inclined</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cline"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inclined plane;
an ascent or descent; a grade or gradient; a slope.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*clined"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a leaning or tendency towards, or away
from, a thing; disposed or moved by wish, desire, or judgment; as, a
man <i>inclined</i> to virtue.</def> "Each pensively
<i>inclined</i>."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Making an angle with some
line or plane; -- said of a line or plane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bent out of a perpendicular
position, or into a curve with the convex side uppermost.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inclined plane</b></col>. <i>(Mech.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A plane that makes an oblique angle with the
plane of the horizon; a sloping plane. When used to produce pressure,
or as a means of moving bodies, it is one of the mechanical powers,
so called.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Railroad &amp; Canal)</i> <cd>An
inclined portion of track, on which trains or boats are raised or
lowered from one level to another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*clin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, inclines; specifically, an inclined dial.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*clin"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Inclined</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*clin"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inclination; disposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the first <i>inclining</i> towards
sleep.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Party or side chosen; a
following.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both you of my <i>inclining</i>, and the
rest.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`clin*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Incline</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Magnetism)</i> <def>An
apparatus to determine the inclination of the earth's magnetic force
to the plane of the horizon; -- called also <i>inclination
compass</i>, and <i>dip circle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*clip"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clasp; to
inclose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whate'er the ocean pales, or sky
<i>inclips</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*clois"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> in + <i>cloister</i>: cf. F. <i>enclo&icirc;trer</i>.  Cf.
<u>Encloister</u>.] <def>To confine as in a cloister; to
cloister.</def>  <i>Lovelace.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*close"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inclosed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inclosing</u>.] [See <u>Enclose</u>, and cf. <u>Include</u>.]
[Written also <i>enclose</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To surround; to shut in; to confine on all
sides; to include; to shut up; to encompass; as, to <i>inclose</i> a
fort or an army with troops; to <i>inclose</i> a town with
walls.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How many evils have <i>inclosed</i> me
round!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put within a case, envelope, or the
like; to fold (a thing) within another or into the same parcel; as,
to <i>inclose</i> a letter or a bank note.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inclosed</i> copies of the treaty.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To separate from common grounds by a
fence; as, to <i>inclose</i> lands.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put into harness; to harness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They went to coach and their horse
<i>inclose</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*clos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, incloses; one who fences off land from common
grounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*clo"sure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Inclose</u>, <u>Enclosure</u>.] [Written also
<i>enclosure</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inclosing; the state of being
inclosed, shut up, or encompassed; the separation of land from common
ground by a fence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is inclosed or placed within
something; a thing contained; a space inclosed or fenced
up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Within the <i>inclosure</i> there was a great store of
houses.</blockquote> <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which incloses; a barrier or
fence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Breaking our <i>inclosures</i> every
morn.</blockquote> <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cloud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To envelop as
in clouds; to darken; to obscure.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 745 !></p>

<p><hw>In*clude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Included</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Including</u>.] [L. <i>includere</i>, <i>inclusum</i>; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>claudere</i> to shut. See <u>Close</u>, and cf.
<u>Enclose</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To confine within; to hold; to contain; to
shut up; to inclose; as, the shell of a nut <i>includes</i> the
kernel; a pearl is <i>included</i> in a shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To comprehend or comprise, as a genus the
species, the whole a part, an argument or reason the inference; to
contain; to embrace; as, this volume of Shakespeare <i>includes</i>
his sonnets; he was <i>included</i> in the invitation to the family;
to and <i>including</i> page twenty-five.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The whole <i>included</i> race, his purposed
prey.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The loss of such a lord <i>includes</i> all
harm.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To conclude; to end; to terminate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Come, let us go; we will <i>include</i> all jars<BR>
With triumphs, mirth, and rare solemnity.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To contain; inclose; comprise; comprehend; embrace;
involve.</p>

<p><hw>In*clud"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclosed;
confined.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Included stamens</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>such as are
shorter than the floral envelopes, or are concealed within
them.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*clud"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being included.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In*clu"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>inclusus</i>, p. p. of <i>includere</i> to shut in.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of bivalve mollusks, characterized
by the closed state of the mantle which envelops the body. The ship
borer (<i>Teredo navalis</i>) is an example.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*clu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inclusio</i>: cf. F. <i>inclusion</i>. See <u>Include</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of including, or the state of
being included; limitation; restriction; as, the lines of
<i>inclusion</i> of his policy.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A foreign substance, either
liquid or solid, usually of minute size, inclosed in the mass of a
mineral.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*clu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inclusif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclosing; encircling;
surrounding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inclusive</i> verge<BR>
Of golden metal that must round my brow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Comprehending the stated limit or
extremes; as, from Monday to Saturday <i>inclusive</i>, that is,
taking in both Monday and Saturday; -- opposed to
<i>exclusive</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>In*clu"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inclusive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*coach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put a
coach.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`co*act"</hw> (?), <hw>In`co*act"ed</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>incoactus</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not +
<i>coactus</i> forced. See <u>Coact</u>.] <def>Not compelled;
unconstrained.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Coles.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`co*ag"u*la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
coagulable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`co*a*les"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of not coalescing.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*coct"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Concoct</u>.] <def>Raw; indigestible.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`co*er"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>coercible</i>: cf. F. <i>incoercible</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not to be coerced; incapable of being
compelled or forced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Not capable of being
reduced to the form of a liquid by pressure; -- said of any gas above
its <i>critical</i> point; -- also particularly of oxygen, hydrogen,
nitrogen, and carbon monoxide, formerly regarded as incapable of
liquefaction at any temperature or pressure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>That can note be confined
in, or excluded from, vessels, like ordinary fluids, gases, etc.; --
said of the imponderable fluids, heat, light, electricity,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`co*ex*ist"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of not coexisting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cog"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Incognito.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Depend upon it -- he'll remain
<i>incog</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cog"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incogitabilis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>cogitabilis</i>
cogitable.] <def>Not cogitable; inconceivable.</def>  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*cog"i*tance</hw> (?), <hw>In*cog"i*tan*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>incogitantia</i>.] <def>Want of thought,
or of the power of thinking; thoughtlessness;
unreasonableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is folly and <i>incogitancy</i> to argue anything,
one way or the other, from the designs of a sort of beings with whom
we so little communicate.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cog"i*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incogitans</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>cogitans</i>, p. pr. of
<i>cogitare</i> to think. See <u>Cogitate</u>.] <def>Thoughtless;
inconsiderate.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men are careless and <i>incogitant</i>.</blockquote>
<i>J. Goodman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cog"i*tant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
incogitant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cog"i*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
cogitative; not thinking; wanting the power of thought; as, a
vegetable is an <i>incogitative</i> being.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cog`i*ta*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being incogitative; want of thought or of the power of
thinking.</def>  <i>Wollaston.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cog"ni*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Incognito</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman who is unknown or in
disguise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being in disguise; -- said of
a woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cog"ni*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ignorant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*cog"ni*to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. or adv.</i></pos> [It.
<i>incognito</i>, masc., <i>incognita</i>, fem., L. <i>incognitus</i>
unknown; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>cognitus</i> known, p. p. of
<i>cognoscere</i>: cf. F. <i>incognito</i>, fr. <u>It</u>. See
<u>Cognition</u>.] <def>Without being known; in disguise; in an
assumed character, or under an assumed title; -- said esp. of great
personages who sometimes adopt a disguise or an assumed character in
order to avoid notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T was long ago<BR>
Since gods come down <i>incognito</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The prince royal of Persia came thither
<i>incognito</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cog"ni*to</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Incognitos</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Incognito</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One unknown or in disguise, or under an
assumed character or name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The assumption of disguise or of a feigned
character; the state of being in disguise or not
recognized.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>incognito</i> was endangered.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cog"ni*za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
cognizable; incapable of being recognized, known, or
distinguished.</def>  <i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lettish race, not a primitive stock of the Slavi,
but a distinct branch, now become <i>incognizable</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cog"ni*zance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Failure to
cognize, apprehended, or notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>incognizance</i> may be
explained.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cog"ni*zant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
cognizant; failing to apprehended or notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of the several operations themselves, as acts of
volition, we are wholly <i>incognizant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cog*nos"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incognizable.</def> -- <wf>In`cog*nos"ci*bil"i*ty</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`co*her"ence</hw> (?), <hw>In`co*her"en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>incoh&eacute;rence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being incoherent;
want of coherence; want of cohesion or adherence.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of connection; incongruity;
inconsistency; want of agreement or dependence of one part on
another; as, the <i>incoherence</i> of arguments, facts,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Incoherences</i> in matter, and suppositions
without proofs, put handsomely together, are apt to pass for strong
reason.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is incoherent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Crude <i>incoherencies</i> . . . and nauseous
tautologies.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`co*her"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>coherent</i>: cf. F. <i>incoh&eacute;rent</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not coherent; wanting cohesion; loose;
unconnected; physically disconnected; not fixed to each; -- said of
material substances.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting coherence or agreement;
incongruous; inconsistent; having no dependence of one part on
another; logically disconnected.</def> "The same rambling,
<i>incoherent</i> manner."  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`co*her`en*tif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [E.
<i>incoherent</i> + L. <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Causing
incoherence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`co*her"ent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
incoherent manner; without due connection of parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`co*her"ent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Incoherence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`co*in"ci*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being incoincident; want of coincidence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`co*in"ci*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
coincident; not agreeing in time, in place, or principle.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`co*lu"mi*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incolumitas</i>, fr. <i>incolumis</i> uninjured, safe; perh. fr.
<i>in</i> intens. + (doubtful) <i>columis</i> safe.] <def>Safety;
security.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*com"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Encumber</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*bine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
incapable of combining; to disagree; to differ.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*bus`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incombustilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
incombustible.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*bus"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>combustible</i>: cf. F. <i>incombustible</i>.] <def>Not
combustible; not capable of being burned, decomposed, or consumed by
fire; uninflammable; as, asbestus is an <i>incombustible</i>
substance; carbon dioxide is an <i>incombustible</i> gas.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Incombustible cloth</b></col>, <cd>a tissue of amianthus
or asbestus; also, a fabric imbued with an incombustible
substance.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`com*bus"ti*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`com*bus"ti*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In"come</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A coming in; entrance; admittance; ingress; infusion.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>More abundant <i>incomes</i> of light and strength
from God.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Rust.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At mine <i>income</i> I louted low.</blockquote>
<i>Drant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is caused to enter;
inspiration; influence; hence, courage or zeal imparted.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I would then make in and steep<BR>
My <i>income</i> in their blood.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That gain which proceeds from labor,
business, property, or capital of any kind, as the produce of a farm,
the rent of houses, the proceeds of professional business, the
profits of commerce or of occupation, or the interest of money or
stock in funds, etc.; revenue; receipts; salary; especially, the
annual receipts of a private person, or a corporation, from property;
as, a large <i>income</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No fields afford<BR>
So large an <i>income</i> to the village lord.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>That which is taken into
the body as food; the ingesta; -- sometimes restricted to the
nutritive, or digestible, portion of the food. See <u>Food</u>.
Opposed to <i>output</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Income bond</b></col>, <cd>a bond issued on the income of
the corporation or company issuing it, and the interest of which is
to be paid from the earnings of the company before any dividends are
made to stockholders; -- issued chiefly or exclusively by railroad
companies.</cd> -- <col><b>Income tax</b></col>, <cd>a tax upon a
person's incomes, emoluments, profits, etc., or upon the excess
beyond a certain amount.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gain; profit; proceeds; salary; revenue; receipts;
interest; emolument; produce.</p>

<p><hw>In"com`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who comes in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Outgoers and <i>incomers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lew
Wallace.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who succeeds another, as a tenant of
land, houses, etc.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>In"com`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Coming in; accruing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A full <i>incoming</i> profit on the product of his
labor.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coming in, succeeding, or following, as
occupant or possessor; as, in <i>incoming</i> tenant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"com`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of coming in; arrival.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>incomings</i> and outgoings of the
trains.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Income; gain.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many <i>incomings</i> are subject to great
fluctuations.</blockquote> <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*com"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
comity; incivility; rudeness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||In com*men"dam</hw> (?). [See <u>Commendam</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>See <u>Commendam</u>, and <i>Partnership in
Commendam</i>, under <u>Partnership</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*men`su*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>incommensurabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of
being incommensurable.</def>  <i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*men"su*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>commensurable</i>: cf. F.
<i>incommensurable</i>.] <def>Not commensurable; having no common
measure or standard of comparison; as, quantities are
<i>incommensurable</i> when no third quantity can be found that is an
aliquot part of both; the side and diagonal of a square are
<i>incommensurable</i> with each other; the diameter and
circumference of a circle are <i>incommensurable</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are quantities
<i>incommensurable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`com*men"su*ra*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`com*men"su*ra*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`com*men"su*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
of two or more quantities which have no common measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*men"su*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not commensurate; not admitting of a common
measure; incommensurable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not of equal of sufficient measure or
extent; not adequate; as, our means are <i>incommensurate</i> to our
wants.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inadequate; insufficient; disproportionate.</p>

<p>-- <wf>In`com*men"su*rate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`com*men"su*rate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`com*mis"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incommiscibilis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>commiscibilis</i>
that can be mingled.] <def>Not commiscible; not mixable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*mix"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
state of being unmixed; separateness.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*com"mo*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Incommodated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Incommodating</u> (?).] [L. <i>incommodare</i>. See
<u>Incommode</u>.] <def>To incommode.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*com`mo*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being incommoded; inconvenience.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`com*mode"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Incommoded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Incommoding</u>.] [F. <i>incommoder</i>, L. <i>incommodare</i>
inconvenient; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>commodus</i> convenient. See
<u>Commodious</u>.] <def>To give inconvenience or trouble to; to
disturb or molest; to discommode; to worry; to put out; as, we are
<i>incommoded</i> by want of room.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To annoy; disturb; trouble; molest; disaccomodate;
inconvenience; disquiet; vex; plague.</p>

<p><hw>In`com*mode"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
inconvenience.</def> [R.]  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*mode"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of incommoded.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*mo"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>commodious</i>: cf. LL. <i>incommodious</i>, L.
<i>incommodus</i>, F. <i>incommode</i>.] <def>Tending to incommode;
not commodious; not affording ease or advantage; unsuitable; giving
trouble; inconvenient; annoying; as, an <i>incommodious</i> seat; an
<i>incommodious</i> arrangement.</def> --
<wf>In`com*mo"di*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`com*mo"di*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`com*mo"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Incommodities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>incommoditas</i>: cf. F.
<i>incommodit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Incommodious</u>.]
<def>Inconvenience; trouble; annoyance; disadvantage;
encumbrance.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A great <i>incommodity</i> to the body.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Buried him under a bulk of
<i>incommodities</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*mu`ni*ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>incommunicabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of
being incommunicable, or incapable of being imparted.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*mu"ni*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incommunicabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>incommunicable</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Communicable</u>.] <def>Not communicable; incapable of
being communicated, shared, told, or imparted, to others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Health and understanding are
<i>incommunicable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>incommunicable</i> relations of the divine
love.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`com*mu"ni*ca*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`com*mu"ni*ca*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`com*mu"ni*ca`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
communicated or imparted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*mu"ni*ca`ting</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
communion or intercourse with each other.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*mu"ni*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
communicative; not free or apt to impart to others in conversation;
reserved; silent; as, the messenger was <i>incommunicative</i>;
hence, not disposed to hold fellowship or intercourse with others;
exclusive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Chinese . . . an <i>incommunicative</i>
nation.</blockquote> <i>C. Buchanan.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`com*mu"ni*ca*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`com*mu"ni*ca*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His usual <i>incommunicativeness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*mu`ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incommutabilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>incommutabilit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The quality or state of being incommutable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*mut"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incommutabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>incommutable</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Commutable</u>.] <def>Not commutable; not capable of
being exchanged with, or substituted for, another.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i> -- <wf>In`com*mut"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>In`com*mut"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`com*pact"</hw> (?), <hw>In`com*pact"ed</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not compact; not having the parts firmly
united; not solid; incoherent; loose; discrete.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*com"pa*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incomparabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>incomparable</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Comparable</u>.] <def>Not comparable; admitting of no
comparison with others; unapproachably eminent; without a peer or
equal; matchless; peerless; transcendent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A merchant of <i>incomparable</i> wealth.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A new hypothesis . . . which hath the
<i>incomparable</i> Sir Isaac Newton for a patron.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*com"pa*ra*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*com"pa*ra*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Delights <i>incomparably</i> all those corporeal
things.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*pared"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Peerless;
incomparable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*com"pass</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Encompass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*pas"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>compassion</i>: cf. F. <i>incompassion</i>.] <def>Want
of compassion or pity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*pas"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
compassionate; void of pity or of tenderness; remorseless.</def> --
<wf>In`com*pas"sion*ate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`com*pas"sion*ate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`com*pat`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-ties</b></plw> (&?;). [Cf. F.
<i>incompatibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
incompatible; inconsistency; irreconcilableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*pat"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>compatible</i>: cf. F. <i>incompatible</i>.] [It was
formerly sometimes written <i>incompetible</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not compatible; so differing as to be
incapable of harmonious combination or coexistence; inconsistent in
thought or being; irreconcilably disagreeing; as, persons of
<i>incompatible</i> tempers; <i>incompatible</i> colors, desires,
ambition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A strength and obduracy of character
<i>incompatible</i> with his meek and innocent nature.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><! p. 746 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Incapable of being together
without mutual reaction or decomposition, as certain
medicines.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Incompatible terms</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>terms
which can not be combined in thought.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inconsistent; incongruous; dissimilar;
irreconcilable; unsuitable; disagreeing; inharmonious; discordant;
repugnant; contradictory. See <u>Inconsistent</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`com*pat"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med. &
Chem.)</i> <def>An incompatible substance; esp., in <i>pl.</i>,
things which can not be placed or used together because of a change
of chemical composition or of opposing medicinal qualities; as, the
<i>incompatibles</i> of iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*pat"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being incompatible; incompatibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*pat"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
incompatible manner; inconsistently; incongruously.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*com"pe*tence</hw> (?), <hw>In*com"pe*tency</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>incomp&eacute;tence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being incompetent;
want of physical, intellectual, or moral ability; insufficiency;
inadequacy; as, the <i>incompetency</i> of a child for hard labor, or
of an idiot for intellectual efforts.</def> "Some inherent
<i>incompetency</i>."  <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Want of competency or legal
fitness; incapacity; disqualification, as of a person to be heard as
a witness, or to act as a juror, or of a judge to try a
cause.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inability; insufficiency; inadequacy;
disqualification; incapability; unfitness.</p>

<p><hw>In*com"pe*tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incompetens</i>: cf. F. <i>incomp&eacute;tent</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Competent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not competent; wanting in adequate
strength, power, capacity, means, qualifications, or the like;
incapable; unable; inadequate; unfit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Incompetent</i> to perform the duties of the
place.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Wanting the legal or
constitutional qualifications; inadmissible; as, a person professedly
wanting in religious belief is an <i>incompetent</i> witness in a
court of law or equity; <i>incompetent</i> evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Richard III. had a resolution, out of hatred to his
brethren, to disable their issues, upon false and <i>incompetent</i>
pretexts, the one of attainder, the other of
illegitimation.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not lying within one's competency,
capacity, or authorized power; not permissible.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Incapable; unable; inadequate; insufficient;
inefficient; disqualified; unfit; improper.  -- <u>Incompetent</u>,
<u>Incapable</u>. <i>Incompetent</i> is a relative term, denoting a
want of the requisite qualifications for performing a given act,
service, etc.; <i>incapable</i> is absolute in its meaning, denoting
want of power, either natural or moral. We speak of a man as
<i>incompetent</i> to a certain task, of an <i>incompetent</i> judge,
etc. We say of an idiot that he is <i>incapable</i> of learning to
read; and of a man distinguished for his honor, that he is
<i>incapable</i> of a mean action.</p>

<p><hw>In*com"pe*tent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
competent manner; inadequately; unsuitably.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*pet`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Incompatibility</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*pet"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Incompatible</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*plete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incompletus</i>: cf. F. <i>incomplet</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Complete</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not complete; not filled up; not finished;
not having all its parts, or not having them all adjusted; imperfect;
defective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A most imperfect and <i>incomplete</i>
divine.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Wanting any of the usual
floral organs; -- said of a flower.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Incomplete equation</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>an
equation some of whose terms are wanting; or one in which the
coefficient of some one or more of the powers of the unknown quantity
is equal to 0.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`com*plete"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
incomplete manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*plete"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being incomplete; imperfectness; defectiveness.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*ple"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
completion; incompleteness.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*plex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>complex</i>: cf. F. <i>incomplexe</i>.] <def>Not complex;
uncompounded; simple.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*pli"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
compliable; not conformable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`com*pli"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being incompliant;
unyielding temper; obstinacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Self-conceit produces peevishness and
<i>incompliance</i> of humor in things lawful and
indifferent.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Refusal or failure to comply.</def>
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*pli"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
compliant; unyielding to request, solicitation, or command;
stubborn.</def> -- <wf>In`com*pli"ant*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`com*posed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disordered;
disturbed.</def> [Obs.] <i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>In`com*po"sed*ly</wf>
(#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] -- <wf>In`com*pos"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`com*pos"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incompositus</i>. See <u>Composite</u>.] <def>Not composite;
uncompounded; simple.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Incomposite numbers</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Prime
numbers</i>, under <u>Prime</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`com*pos"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>compossible</i>: cf. F. <i>incompossible</i>.] <def>Not
capable of joint existence; incompatible; inconsistent.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ambition and faith . . . are . . .
<i>incompossible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`com*pos`si*bil"i*ty</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*com`pre*hense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incomprehensus</i>.] <def>Incomprehensible.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Incomprehense</i> in virtue."  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*com`pre*hen`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>incompr&eacute;hensibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of
being incomprehensible, or beyond the reach of human intellect;
incomprehensibleness; inconceivability; inexplicability.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The constant, universal sense of all antiquity
unanimously confessing an <i>incomprehensibility</i> in many of the
articles of the Christian faith.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*com`pre*hen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incomprehensibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>incompr&eacute;hensible</i>. See
<u>In-</u> not, and <u>Comprehensible</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not capable of being contained within
limits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An infinite and <i>incomprehensible</i>
substance.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not capable of being comprehended or
understood; beyond the reach of the human intellect;
inconceivable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And all her numbered stars that seem to roll<BR>
Spaces <i>incomprehensible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*com`pre*hen"si*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*com`pre*hen"si*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*com`pre*hen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want
of comprehension or understanding.</def> "These mazes and
<i>incomprehensions</i>."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*com`pre*hen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
comprehensive; not capable of including or of understanding; not
extensive; limited.</def> -- <wf>In*com`pre*hen"sive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i> --
<wf>In*com`pre*hen"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*press`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incompressibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
incompressible, or incapable of reduction in volume by pressure; --
formerly supposed to be a property of liquids.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>incompressibility</i> of water is not
absolute.</blockquote> <i>Rees.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`com*press"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>compressible</i>: cf. F. <i>incompressible</i>.]
<def>Not compressible; incapable of being reduced by force or
pressure into a smaller compass or volume; resisting compression; as,
many liquids and solids appear to be almost
<i>incompressible</i>.</def> -- <wf>In`com*press"i*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`com*put"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
computable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*ceal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
concealable.</def> "<i>Inconcealable</i> imperfections."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*ceiv`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being inconceivable; inconceivableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inconceivability</i> of the
Infinite.</blockquote> <i>Mansel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*ceiv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>conceivable</i>: cf. F. <i>inconcevable</i>.] <def>Not
conceivable; incapable of being conceived by the mind; not explicable
by the human intellect, or by any known principles or agencies;
incomprehensible; as, it is <i>inconceivable</i> to us how the will
acts in producing muscular motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>inconceivable</i> to me that a spiritual
substance should represent an extended figure.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`con*ceiv"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`con*ceiv"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inconceivableness</i> of a quality existing
without any subject to possess it.</blockquote> <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*cep"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inconceivable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*cern"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unimportant; trifling.</def> [Obs.] "Trifling and
<i>inconcerning</i> matters."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*cinne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Inconcinnous</u>.] <def>Dissimilar; incongruous; unsuitable.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*cin"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconcinnitas</i>.] <def>Want of concinnity or congruousness;
unsuitableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is an <i>inconcinnity</i> in admitting these
words.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*cin"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconcinnus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Concinnity</u>.]
<def>Not concinnous; unsuitable; discordant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*clud"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
inferring a conclusion or consequence; not conclusive.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`con*clud"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inferring no
consequence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`con*clu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
conclusive; leading to no conclusion; not closing or settling a point
in debate, or a doubtful question; as, evidence is
<i>inconclusive</i> when it does not exhibit the truth of a disputed
case in such a manner as to satisfy the mind, and put an end to
debate or doubt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arguments . . . <i>inconclusive</i> and
impertinent.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`con*clu"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`con*clu"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`con*coct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>concoctus</i>, p. p. of <i>concoquere</i>. See
<u>Concoct</u>.] <def>Inconcocted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`con*coct"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>concocted</i>.] <def>Imperfectly digested, matured, or
ripened.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*coc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being undigested; unripeness; immaturity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*con"crete</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconcretus</i> incorporeal.] <def>Not concrete.</def> [R.]  <i>L.
Andrews.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*cur"ring</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
concurring; disagreeing.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*cus"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + L. <i>concussibilis</i> that can be shaken. See
<u>Concussion</u>.] <def>Not concussible; that cannot be
shaken.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`con*den`sa*bil"i*ty</hw> (?),
<hw>In`con*den`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being incondensable.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`con*den"sa*ble</hw> (?), <hw>In`con*den"si*ble</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not condensable; incapable of being made
more dense or compact, or reduced to liquid form.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"con*dite</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconditus</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>conditus</i>, p. p. of
<i>condere</i> to put or join together. See <u>Condition</u>.]
<def>Badly put together; inartificial; rude; unpolished;
irregular.</def> "Carol <i>incondite</i> rhymes."  <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*di"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>conditional</i>: cf. F. <i>inconditionnel</i>.]
<def>Unconditional.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*di"tion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>conditionate</i>: cf. F.
<i>inconditionn&eacute;</i>.] <def>Not conditioned; not limited;
absolute.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>conform</i>.] <def>Unconformable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*form"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unconformable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`con*form"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inconformit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Want of conformity;
nonconformity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`con*fused"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
confused; distinct.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`con*fu"sion</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Freedom from
confusion; distinctness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*fut"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
confutable.</def> -- <wf>In`con*fut"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*geal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incongelabilis</i>. See <u>Congeal</u>.] <def>Not congealable;
incapable of being congealed.</def> --
<wf>In`con*geal"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`con*gen"ial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
congenial; uncongenial.</def> [R.] -- <wf>In`con*ge`ni*al"i*ty</wf>
(#). [R.]
</p>

<p><hw>In*con"gru*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incongruentia</i>.] <def>Want of congruence; incongruity.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*con"gru*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incongruens</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Congruent</u>.]
<def>Incongruous.</def>  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*gru"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Incongruities</b></plw> (#). [Pref. <i>in-</i> not +
<i>congruity</i>: cf. F. <i>incongruit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being incongruous;
want of congruity; unsuitableness; inconsistency;
impropriety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fathers make use of this acknowledgment of the
<i>incongruity</i> of images to the Deity, from thence to prove the
<i>incongruity</i> of the worship of them.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disagreement of parts; want of symmetry or
of harmony.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is incongruous; want of
congruity.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*con"gru*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incongruus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Congruous</u>.]
<def>Not congruous; reciprocally disagreeing; not capable of
harmonizing or readily assimilating; inharmonious; inappropriate;
unsuitable; not fitting; inconsistent; improper; as, an
<i>incongruous</i> remark; <i>incongruous</i> behavior, action,
dress, etc.</def> "<i>Incongruous</i> mixtures of opinions." <i>I.
Taylor.</i> "Made up of <i>incongruous</i> parts."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Incongruous</i> denotes that kind of absence of
harmony or suitableness of which the taste and experience of men
takes cognizance.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Incongruous numbers</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>two
numbers, which, with respect to a third, are such that their
difference can not be divided by it without a remainder, the two
numbers being said to be <i>incongruous</i> with respect to the
third; as, twenty and twenty-five are <i>incongruous</i> with respect
to four.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inconsistent; unsuitable; inharmonious;
disagreeing; absurd; inappropriate; unfit; improper. See
<u>Inconsistent</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>In*con"gru*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*con"gru*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`con*nect"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
connected; disconnected.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*nec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disconnection.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*nex"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>connexed</i> (p. p. of <i>connex</i>) + <i>-
ly</i>.] <def>Not connectedly; without connection.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*con"scion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unconscionable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*con"scious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unconscious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`con*sec"u*tive*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of not being consecutive.</def>  <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*con"se*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconsequentia</i>: cf. F. <i>incons&eacute;quence</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being inconsequent; want of just or logical
inference or argument; inconclusiveness.</def>  <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Strange, that you should not see the
<i>inconsequence</i> of your own reasoning!</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Hurd.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*con"se*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconsequens</i>: cf. F. <i>incons&eacute;quent</i>. See <u>In-
</u> not, and <u>Consequent</u>.] <def>Not following from the
premises; not regularly inferred; invalid; not characterized by
logical method; illogical; arbitrary; inconsistent; of no
consequence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Loose and <i>inconsequent</i>
conjectures.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*con`se*quen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
regularly following from the premises; hence, irrelevant;
unimportant; of no consequence.</def> <i>Chesterfield.</i> --
<wf>In*con`se*quen"tial*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*con`se*quen`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being inconsequential.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*con"se*quent*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inconsequence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*sid"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
considerable; unworthy of consideration or notice; unimportant;
small; trivial; as, an <i>inconsiderable</i> distance; an
<i>inconsiderable</i> quantity, degree, value, or sum.</def>  "The
baser scum and <i>inconsiderable</i> dregs of Rome." <i>Stepney.</i>
-- <wf>In`con*sid"er*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`con*sid"er*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`con*sid"er*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inconsiderateness; thoughtlessness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*sid"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconsideratus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Considerate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not considerate; not attentive to safety
or to propriety; not regarding the rights or feelings of others;
hasty; careless; thoughtless; heedless; as, the young are generally
<i>inconsiderate</i>; <i>inconsiderate</i> conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a very unhappy token of our corruption, that
there should be any so <i>inconsiderate</i> among us as to sacrifice
morality to politics.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inconsiderable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E.
Terry.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Thoughtless; inattentive; inadvertent; heedless;
negligent; improvident; careless; imprudent; indiscreet; incautious;
injudicious; rash; hasty.</p>

<p><hw>In`con*sid"er*ate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inconsiderate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*sid"er*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inconsiderate.</def>  <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*sid`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconsideratio</i>: cf. F. <i>inconsid&eacute;ration</i>.]
<def>Want of due consideration; inattention to consequences;
inconsiderateness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blindness of mind, <i>inconsideration</i>,
precipitation.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not gross, willful, deliberate, crimes; but rather the
effects of <i>inconsideration</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*sist"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inconsistency.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*sist"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Inconsistencies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>inconsistance</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
inconsistent; discordance in respect to sentiment or action; such
contrariety between two things that both can not exist or be true
together; disagreement; incompatibility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a perfect <i>inconsistency</i> between that
which is of debt and that which is of free gift.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Absurdity in argument ore narration;
incoherence or irreconcilability in the parts of a statement,
argument, or narration; that which is inconsistent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man would register all his opinions upon love,
politics, religion, and learning, what a bundle of
<i>inconsistencies</i> and contradictions would appear at
last!</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Want of stability or uniformity;
unsteadiness; changeableness; variableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mutability of temper, and <i>inconsistency</i> with
ourselves, is the greatest weakness of human nature.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*sist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>consistent</i>: cf. F. <i>inconsistant</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not consistent; showing inconsistency;
irreconcilable; discordant; at variance, esp. as regards character,
sentiment, or action; incompatible; incongruous;
contradictory.</def></p>

<p><! p. 747 !></p>

<p><blockquote>Compositions of this nature . . . show that wisdom and
virtue are far from being <i>inconsistent</i> with politeness and
good humor.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not exhibiting uniformity of sentiment,
steadiness to principle, etc.; unequal; fickle; changeable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ah, how unjust to nature, and himself,<BR>
Is thoughtless, thankless, <i>inconsistent</i> man.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Incompatible; incongruous; irreconcilable;
discordant; repugnant; contradictory.  -- <u>Inconsistent</u>,
<u>Incongruous</u>, <u>Incompatible</u>. Things are
<i>incongruous</i> when they are not suited to each other, so that
their union is unbecoming; <i>inconsistent</i> when they are opposed
to each other, so as render it improper or wrong; <i>incompatible</i>
when they <i>can not</i> coexist, and it is therefore impossible to
unite them. Habitual levity of mind is <i>incongruous</i> with the
profession of a clergyman; it is <i>inconsistent</i> with his
ordination vows; it is <i>incompatible</i> with his permanent
usefulness. <i>Incongruity</i> attaches to the modes and qualities of
things; <i>incompatibility</i> attaches to their essential
attributes; <i>inconsistency</i> attaches to the actions, sentiments,
etc., of men.</p>

<p><hw>In`con*sist"ent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inconsistent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*sist"ent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inconsistency.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`con*sist"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inconsistent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`con*sol"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconsolabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inconsolable</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Console</u>.] <def>Not consolable; incapable of being
consoled; grieved beyond susceptibility of comfort;
disconsolate.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>inconsolable</i> distress she griev'd,<BR>
And from her cheek the rose of beauty fled.</blockquote>
<i>Falconer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`con*sol"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`con*sol"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*con"so*nance</hw> (?), <hw>In*con"so*nan*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of consonance or harmony of sound,
action, or thought; disagreement.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*con"so*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconsonans</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Consonant</u>.]
<def>Not consonant or agreeing; inconsistent; discordant.</def> --
<wf>In*con"so*nant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`con*spic"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconspicuus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Conspicuous</u>.]
<def>Not conspicuous or noticeable; hardly discernible.</def> --
<wf>In`con*spic"u*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`con*spic"u*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*con"stance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Inconstancy</u>.] <def>Inconstancy.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*con"stan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconstantia</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being inconstant;
want of constancy; mutability; fickleness; variableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For unto knight there was no greater shame,<BR>
Than lightness and <i>inconstancie</i> in love.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*con"stant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconstans</i>: cf. F. <i>inconstant</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Constant</u>.] <def>Not constant; not stable or uniform; subject
to change of character, appearance, opinion, inclination, or purpose,
etc.; not firm; unsteady; fickle; changeable; variable; -- said of
persons or things; as, <i>inconstant</i> in love or friendship.</def>
"The <i>inconstant</i> moon."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While we, inquiring phantoms of a day,<BR>
<i>Inconstant</i> as the shadows we survey!</blockquote>
<i>Boyse.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mutable; fickle; volatile; unsteady; unstable;
changeable; variable; wavering; fluctuating.</p>

<p><hw>In*con"stant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inconstant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*sum"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
consumable; incapable of being consumed, wasted, or spent.</def>
<i>Paley.</i> -- <wf>In`con*sum"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`con*sum"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconsummatus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Consummate</u>.]
<def>Not consummated; not finished; incomplete.</def> <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i> -- <wf>In`con*sum"mate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`con*sump"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconsumptibilis</i>.] <def>Inconsumable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir K.
Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*tam"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incontaminatus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and not, and
<u>Contaminate</u>.] <def>Not contaminated; pure.</def> <i>Moore.</i>
-- <wf>In`con*tam"i*nate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*con`ten*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>In-
</u> not, and <u>Content</u>.] <def>Discontent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*test`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being incontestable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*test"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>contestable</i>: cf. F. <i>incontestable</i>.] <def>Not
contestable; not to be disputed; that cannot be called in question or
controverted; incontrovertible; indisputable; as,
<i>incontestable</i> evidence, truth, or facts.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Incontrovertible; indisputable; irrefragable;
undeniable; unquestionable; intuitable; certain.</p>

<p>-- <wf>In`con*test"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`con*test"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`con*test"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
contested.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*tig"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incontiguus</i> that can not be touched. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Contiguous</u>.] <def>Not contiguous; not adjoining or in contact;
separate.</def> <i>Boyle.</i> -- <wf>In`con*tig"u*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*con"ti*nence</hw> (?), <hw>In*con"ti*nen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>incontinentia</i>: cf. F.
<i>incontinence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Incapacity to hold; hence, incapacity to
hold back or restrain; the quality or state of being incontinent;
want of continence; failure to restrain the passions or appetites;
indulgence of lust; lewdness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That Satan tempt you not for your
<i>incontinency</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. vii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From the rash hand of bold
<i>incontinence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The inability of any of the
animal organs to restrain the natural evacuations, so that the
discharges are involuntary; as, <i>incontinence</i> of
urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*con"ti*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incontinens</i>: cf. F. <i>incontinent</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Continent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not continent; uncontrolled; not
restraining the passions or appetites, particularly the sexual
appetite; indulging unlawful lust; unchaste; lewd.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Unable to restrain natural
evacuations.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*con"ti*nent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
unchaste.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*con"ti*nent</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incontinent</i>.] <def>Incontinently; instantly;
immediately.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He says he will return
<i>incontinent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*con"ti*nent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an incontinent manner; without restraint,
or without due restraint; -- used esp. of the passions or
appetites.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Immediately; at once; forthwith.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Immediately he sent word to Athens that he would
<i>incontinently</i> come hither with a host of men.</blockquote>
<i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*tract"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Uncontracted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blackwall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*trol"la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>controllable</i>: cf. F.
<i>incontr&ocirc;lable</i>.] <def>Not controllable;
uncontrollable.</def> -- <wf>In`con*trol"la*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*con`tro*ver`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state or condition of being incontrovertible.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*con`tro*ver"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
controvertible; too clear or certain to admit of dispute;
indisputable.</def> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i> --
<wf>In*con`tro*ver"ti*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*con`tro*ver"ti*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`con*ven"ience</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconvenientia</i> inconsistency: cf. OF.
<i>inconvenience</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or condition of being
inconvenient; want of convenience; unfitness; unsuitableness;
inexpediency; awkwardness; as, the <i>inconvenience</i> of the
arrangement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They plead against the <i>inconvenience</i>, not the
unlawfulness, . . . of ceremonies in burial.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which gives trouble, embarrassment,
or uneasiness; disadvantage; anything that disturbs quiet, impedes
prosperity, or increases the difficulty of action or success; as, one
<i>inconvenience</i> of life is poverty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A place upon the top of Mount Athos above all clouds
of rain, or other <i>inconvenience</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man is liable to a great many
<i>inconveniences</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Incommodiousness; awkwardness; disadvantage;
disquiet; uneasiness; disturbance; annoyance.</p>

<p><hw>In`con*ven"ience</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put to
inconvenience; to incommode; as, to <i>inconvenience</i> a
neighbor.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*ven"ien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inconvenience.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*ven"ient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconveniens</i> unbefitting: cf. F. <i>inconv&eacute;nient</i>.
See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Convenient</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not becoming or suitable; unfit;
inexpedient.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not convenient; giving trouble,
uneasiness, or annoyance; hindering progress or success;
uncomfortable; disadvantageous; incommodious; inopportune; as, an
<i>inconvenient</i> house, garment, arrangement, or time.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unsuitable; uncomfortable; disaccommodating;
awkward; unseasonable; inopportune; incommodious; disadvantageous;
troublesome; cumbersome; embarrassing; objectionable.</p>

<p><hw>In`con*ven"ient*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inconvenient manner; incommodiously; unsuitably;
unseasonably.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*vers"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incommunicative; unsocial; reserved.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*con"ver*sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
conversant; not acquainted; not versed; unfamiliar.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*vert"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not turned
or changed about.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*vert`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconvertibilitas</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
inconvertible; not capable of being exchanged for, or converted into,
something else; as, the <i>inconvertibility</i> of an irredeemable
currency, or of lead, into gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*vert"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconvertibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inconvertible</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Convertible</u>.] <def>Not convertible; not capable of
being transmuted, changed into, or exchanged for, something else; as,
one metal is <i>inconvertible</i> into another; bank notes are
sometimes <i>inconvertible</i> into specie.</def>  <i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*vert"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inconvertibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*vert"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inconvertible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`con*vin"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inconvincibilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Convince</u>.]
<def>Not convincible; incapable of being convinced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>None are so <i>inconvincible</i> as your half-witted
people.</blockquote> <i>Gov. of the Tongue.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`con*vin"ci*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner not admitting of being convinced.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*co"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Conny</u>,
<u>Canny</u>.] <def>Unlearned; artless; pretty; delicate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Most sweet jests! most <i>incony</i> vulgar
wit!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`co*&ouml;r"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
co&ouml;rdinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`co*&ouml;r`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Want of co&ouml;rdination; lack of harmonious adjustment or
action.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inco&ouml;rdination of muscular movement</b></col>
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>irregularity in movements resulting from
inharmonious action of the muscles in consequence of loss of
voluntary control over them.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*cor"o*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
in + <i>coronate</i>.] <def>Crowned.</def> [R.]
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cor"po*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incorporalis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Corporal</u>, and cf.
<u>Incorporeal</u>.] <def>Immaterial; incorporeal; spiritual.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cor`po*ral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incorporalitas</i>: cf. F. <i>incorporalit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Incorporeality.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cor"po*ral*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Incorporeally.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*cor"po*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incorporatus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Corporate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not consisting of matter; not having a
material body; incorporeal; spiritual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses forbore to speak of angles, and things
invisible, and <i>incorporate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not incorporated; not existing as a
corporation; as, an <i>incorporate</i> banking association.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cor"po*rate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incorporatus</i>, p. p. of <i>incorporare</i> to incorporate;
pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>corporare</i> to make into a body. See
<u>Corporate</u>.] <def>Corporate; incorporated; made one body, or
united in one body; associated; mixed together; combined;
embodied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As if our hands, our sides, voices, and minds<BR>
Had been <i>incorporate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fifteenth part of silver <i>incorporate</i> with
gold.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cor"po*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Incorporated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Incorporating</u> (?).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form into a body; to combine, as
different ingredients, into one consistent mass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By your leaves, you shall not stay alone,<BR>
Till holy church <i>incorporate</i> two in one.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite with a material body; to give a
material form to; to embody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The idolaters, who worshiped their images as gods,
supposed some spirit to be <i>incorporated</i> therein.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unite with, or introduce into, a mass
already formed; as, to <i>incorporate</i> copper with silver; -- used
with <i>with</i> and <i>into</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To unite intimately; to blend; to
assimilate; to combine into a structure or organization, whether
material or mental; as, to <i>incorporate</i> provinces into the
realm; to <i>incorporate</i> another's ideas into one's
work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Romans did not subdue a country to put the
inhabitants to fire and sword, but to <i>incorporate</i> them into
their own community.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To form into a legal body, or body
politic; to constitute into a corporation recognized by law, with
special functions, rights, duties and liabilities; as, to
<i>incorporate</i> a bank, a railroad company, a city or town,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cor"po*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To unite
in one body so as to make a part of it; to be mixed or blended; --
usually followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Painters' colors and ashes do better
<i>incorporate</i> will oil.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He never suffers wrong so long to grow,<BR>
And to <i>incorporate</i> with right so far<BR>
As it might come to seem the same in show.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cor"po*ra`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>United in
one body; formed into a corporation; made a legal entity.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cor`po*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incorporatio</i>: cf. F. <i>incorporation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of incorporating, or the state of
being incorporated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The union of different ingredients in one
mass; mixture; combination; synthesis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The union of something with a body already
existing; association; intimate union; assimilation; as, the
<i>incorporation</i> of conquered countries into the Roman
republic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act
of creating a corporation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A body
incorporated; a corporation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cor"po*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incorporating or tending to incorporate; as, the
<i>incorporative</i> languages (as of the Basques, North American
Indians, etc. ) which run a whole phrase into one word.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>History demonstrates that <i>incorporative</i> unions
are solid and permanent; but that a federal union is
weak.</blockquote> <i>W. Belsham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cor"po*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a
number of persons who gets a company incorporated; one of the
original members of a corporation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*po"re*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>corporeal</i>: cf. L. <i>incorporeus</i>.  Cf.
<u>Incorporal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not corporeal; not having a material body
or form; not consisting of matter; immaterial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus <i>incorporeal</i> spirits to smaller forms<BR>
Reduced their shapes immense.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sense and perception must necessarily proceed from
some <i>incorporeal</i> substance within us.</blockquote>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Existing only in
contemplation of law; not capable of actual visible seizin or
possession; not being an object of sense; intangible; -- opposed to
<i>corporeal</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Incorporeal hereditament</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Hereditament</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Immaterial; unsubstantial; bodiless; spiritual.</p>

<p><hw>In`cor*po"re*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Existence without a body or material form; immateriality.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*po"re*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes in incorporealism.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*po`re*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being incorporeal or bodiless; immateriality;
incorporealism.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*po"re*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
incorporeal manner.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cor`po*re"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>corporeity</i>: cf. F. <i>incorpor&eacute;ite</i>.]
<def>The quality of being incorporeal; immateriality.</def>
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*corpse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
incorporate.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incorrectus</i>: cf. F. <i>incorrect</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Correct</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not correct; not according to a copy or
model, or to established rules; inaccurate; faulty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The piece, you think, is
<i>incorrect</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not in accordance with the truth;
inaccurate; not exact; as, an <i>incorrect</i> statement or
calculation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not accordant with duty or morality; not
duly regulated or subordinated; unbecoming; improper; as,
<i>incorrect</i> conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It shows a will most <i>incorrect</i> to
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wit of the last age was yet more <i>incorrect</i>
than their language.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inaccurate; erroneous; wrong; faulty.</p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>correction</i>: cf. F. <i>incorrection</i>.] <def>Want
of correction, restraint, or discipline.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Arnway.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rect"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not
correctly; inaccurately; not exactly; as, a writing
<i>incorrectly</i> copied; testimony <i>incorrectly</i>
stated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rect"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being incorrect; want of conformity to truth or to a standard;
inaccuracy; inexactness; as, <i>incorrectness</i> may consist in
defect or in redundance.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*cor`re*spond"ence</hw> (?),
<hw>In*cor`re*spond"en*cy</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want
of correspondence; disagreement; disproportion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*cor`re*spond"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
corresponding; disagreeing.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cor`ri*gi*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incorrigibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being
incorrigible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ingratitude, the <i>incorrigibility</i>, the
strange perverseness . . . of mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cor"ri*gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incorrigibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>incorrigible</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Corrigible</u>.] <def>Not corrigible; incapable of being
corrected or amended; bad beyond correction; irreclaimable; as,
<i>incorrigible</i> error.</def> "<i>Incorrigible</i> fools."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cor"ri*gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
is incorrigible; especially, a hardened criminal; as, the perpetual
imprisonment of <i>incorrigibles</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 748 !></p>

<p><hw>In*cor"ri*gi*ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Incorrigibility.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cor"ri*gi*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
incorrigible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rod"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being corroded, consumed, or eaten away.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rupt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incorruptus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Corrupt</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not affected with corruption or decay;
unimpaired; not marred or spoiled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not defiled or depraved; pure; sound;
untainted; above the influence of bribes; upright; honest.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your Christian principles . . . which will preserve
you <i>incorrupt</i> as individuals.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Hurd.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rupt"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Uncorrupted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Breathed into their <i>incorrupted</i>
breasts.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rupt`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incorruptibilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>incorruptibilit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The quality of being incorruptible; incapability of
corruption.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rupt"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incorruptibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>incorruptible</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Corrupt</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not corruptible; incapable of corruption,
decay, or dissolution; as, gold is <i>incorruptible</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our bodies shall be changed into <i>incorruptible</i>
and immortal substances.</blockquote> <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being bribed or morally
corrupted; inflexibly just and upright.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rupt"i*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of a religious sect which arose in Alexandria, in
the reign of the Emperor Justinian, and which believed that the body
of Christ was incorruptible, and that he suffered hunger, thirst,
pain, only in appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rupt"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being incorruptible.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rupt"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
incorruptible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rup"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incorruptio</i>: cf. F. <i>incorruption</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Corruption</u>.] <def>The condition or quality of being
incorrupt or incorruptible; absence of, or exemption from,
corruption.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is sown in corruption; it is raised in
<i>incorruption</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xv. 42.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The same preservation, or, rather,
<i>incorruption</i>, we have observed in the flesh of turkeys,
capons, etc.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rupt"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incorruptivus</i>.] <def>Incorruptible; not liable to decay.</def>
<i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rupt"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
corruption.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To demean themselves <i>incorruptly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cor*rupt"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Freedom or exemption from decay or corruption.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Probity; integrity; honesty.</def>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cras"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Incrassated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Incrassating</u>.] [L. <i>incrassatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>incrassare</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>crassus</i> thick.]
<def>To make thick or thicker; to thicken; especially, in pharmacy,
to thicken (a liquid) by the mixture of another substance, or by
evaporating the thinner parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Acids dissolve or attenuate; alkalies precipitate or
<i>incrassate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Liquors which time hath <i>incrassated</i> into
jellies.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cras"sate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
thick or thicker.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*cras"sate</hw> (?), <hw>In*cras"sa*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>incrassatus</i>, p. p.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made thick or thicker; thickened;
inspissated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Thickened; becoming
thicker.</def>  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Swelled out on some
particular part, as the antenn&aelig; of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cras*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incrassation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of thickening or making
thick; the process of becoming thick or thicker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being incrassated or made
thick; inspissation.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cras"sa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
quality of thickening; tending to thicken.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cras"sa*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A substance
which has the power to thicken; formerly, a medicine supposed to
thicken the humors.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*creas"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being increased.</def> <i>Sherwood.</i> --
<wf>In*creas"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>An indefinite <i>increasableness</i> of some of our
ideas.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Law.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*crease"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Increased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Increasing</u>.] [OE. <i>incresen</i>,
<i>encresen</i>, <i>enrescen</i>, OF. <i>encreistre</i>, fr. L.
<i>increscere</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>crescere</i> to grow. See
<u>Crescent</u>, and cf. <u>Decrease</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become greater or more in size,
quantity, number, degree, value, intensity, power, authority,
reputation, wealth; to grow; to augment; to advance; -- opposed to
<i>decrease</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The waters <i>increased</i> and bare up the
ark.</blockquote> <i>Gen. vii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He must <i>increase</i>, but I must
decrease.</blockquote> <i>John iii. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The heavens forbid<BR>
But that our loves and comforts should <i>increase</i>,<BR>
Even as our days do grow!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To multiply by the production of young; to
be fertile, fruitful, or prolific.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fishes are more numerous or <i>increasing</i> than
beasts or birds, as appears by their numerous spawn.</blockquote>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>To become more nearly
full; to show more of the surface; to wax; as, the moon
<i>increases</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Increasing function</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a
function whose value increases when that of the variable increases,
and decreases when the latter is diminished.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To enlarge; extend; multiply; expand; develop;
heighten; amplify; raise; enhance; spread; aggravate; magnify;
augment; advance.  -- To <u>Increase</u>, <u>Enlarge</u>,
<u>Extend</u>. <i>Enlarge</i> implies to make larger or broader in
size. <i>Extend</i> marks the progress of enlargement so as to have
wider boundaries. <i>Increase</i> denotes enlargement by growth and
internal vitality, as in the case of plants. A kingdom is
<i>enlarged</i> by the addition of new territories; the mind is
<i>enlarged</i> by knowledge. A kingdom is <i>extended</i> when its
boundaries are carried to a greater distance from the center. A man's
riches, honors, knowledge, etc., are <i>increased</i> by accessions
which are made from time to time.</p>

<p><hw>In*crease"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To augment
or make greater in bulk, quantity, extent, value, or amount, etc.; to
add to; to extend; to lengthen; to enhance; to aggravate; as, to
<i>increase</i> one's possessions, influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>increase</i> the famine.</blockquote>
<i>Ezek. v. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Make denials<BR>
<i>Increase</i> your services.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"crease</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>encres</i>, <i>encresse</i>. See <u>Increase</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Addition or enlargement in size, extent,
quantity, number, intensity, value, substance, etc.; augmentation;
growth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As if <i>increase</i> of appetite had grown<BR>
By what it fed on.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For things of tender kind for pleasure made<BR>
Shoot up with swift <i>increase</i>, and sudden are
decay'd.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is added to the original stock
by augmentation or growth; produce; profit; interest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take thou no usury of him, or
<i>increase</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xxv. 36.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let them not live to taste this land's
<i>increase</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Progeny; issue; offspring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>increase</i> of thy house shall die in the
flower of their age.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. ii. 33.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Generation.</def> [Obs.] "Organs of
<i>increase</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The period of increasing
light, or luminous phase; the waxing; -- said of the moon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seeds, hair, nails, hedges, and herbs will grow
soonest if set or cut in the <i>increase</i> of the
moon.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Increase twist</b></col>, <cd>the twixt of a rifle groove
in which the angle of twist increases from the breech to the
muzzle.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Enlargement; extension; growth; development;
increment; addition; accession; production.</p>

<p><hw>In*crease"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
increase; abundant in produce.</def> "<i>Increaseful</i> crops." [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*crease"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Increase.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*creas"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that, increases.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*creas"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>More and
more.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cre*ate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Increated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Increating</u>.] [Pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>create</i>.] <def>To create within.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>In"cre*ate</hw> (?), <hw>In"cre*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>increatus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Create</u>.] <def>Uncreated; self-existent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bright effluence of bright essence
<i>increate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cred`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incredibilitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>incr&eacute;dibilit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being incredible;
incredibleness.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is incredible.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cred"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incredibilis</i>: cf. OF. <i>incredible</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Credible</u>.] <def>Not credible; surpassing belief; too
extraordinary and improbable to admit of belief; unlikely; marvelous;
fabulous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should it be thought a thing <i>incredible</i>
with you, that God should raise the dead?</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvi.
8.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cred"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Incredibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cred"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
incredible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cred"it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Uncredited.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`cre*du"li*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incredulitas</i>: cf. F. <i>incr&eacute;dulit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The state or quality of being incredulous; a withholding or
refusal of belief; skepticism; unbelief; disbelief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of every species of <i>incredulity</i>, religious
unbelief is the most irrational.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cred"u*lous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incredulus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Credulous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not credulous; indisposed to admit or
accept that which is related as true, skeptical; unbelieving.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fantastical <i>incredulous</i> fool.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indicating, or caused by, disbelief or
incredulity.</def> "An <i>incredulous</i> smile."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Incredible; not easy to be believed.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cred"u*lous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
incredulous manner; with incredulity.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cred"u*lous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Incredulity.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*crem"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + L. <i>cremabilis</i> combustible, fr. <i>cremare</i> to burn.]
<def>Incapable of being burnt; incombustibe.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"cre*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> in + <i>cremate</i>.] <def>To consume or reduce to ashes by
burning, as a dead body; to cremate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cre*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Burning;
esp., the act of burning a dead body; cremation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"cre*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incrementum</i>: cf. F. <i>incr&eacute;ment</i>. See
<u>Increase</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of increasing; growth
in bulk, guantity, number, value, or amount; augmentation;
enlargement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The seminary that furnisheth matter for the formation
and <i>increment</i> of animal and vegetable bodies.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A nation, to be great, ought to be compressed in its
<i>increment</i> by nations more civilized than itself.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Matter added; increase; produce;
production; -- opposed to <i>decrement</i>.</def> "Large
<i>increment</i>."  <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The increase of a variable
quantity or fraction from its present value to its next ascending
value; the finite quantity, generally variable, by which a variable
quantity is increased.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>An amplification without
strict climax,</def> as in the following passage:</p>

<p><blockquote>Finally, brethren, whatsoever things are true,
whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are just, whatsoever
things are pure, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are
of good report, . . . think on these things.</blockquote> <i>Phil.
iv. 8.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Infinitesimal increment</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>an
infinitesimally small variation considered in Differential Calculus.
See <u>Calculus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Method of increments</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a calculus founded on the properties of the
successive values of variable quantities and their differences or
increments. It differs from the <i>method of fluxions</i> in treating
these differences as finite, instead of infinitely small, and is
equivalent to the calculus of <i>finite differences</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`cre*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or resulting from, the process of growth; as, the
<i>incremental</i> lines in the dentine of teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"cre*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>increpatus</i>, p. p. of <i>increpare</i> to upbraid; pref. <i>in-
</i> in, against + <i>crepare</i> to talk noisily.] <def>To chide; to
rebuke; to reprove.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`cre*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>increpatio</i>.] <def>A chiding; rebuke; reproof.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cres"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>increscens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>increscere</i>. See
<u>Increase</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Increasing; growing; augmenting; swelling;
enlarging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Between the <i>incresent</i> and decrescent
moon.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Increasing; on the increase;
-- said of the moon represented as the new moon, with the points
turned toward the dexter side.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*crest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To adorn with
a crest.</def> [R.]  <i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*crim"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Incriminated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Incriminating</u>.] [LL. <i>incriminatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>incriminare</i>; <i>in-</i> in + <i>criminare</i>,
<i>criminari</i>, to accuse one of a crime. See <u>Criminate</u>.]
<def>To accuse; to charge with a crime or fault; to
criminate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*crim`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of incriminating; crimination.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*crim"i*na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to crimination; tending to incriminate;
criminatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cru*en"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incruentus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Cruentous</u>.]
<def>Unbloody; not attended with blood; as, an <i>incruental</i>
sacrifice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Brevint.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*crust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Incrusted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Incrusting</u>.] [L. <i>incrustare</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>crustare</i> to cover with a crust: cf. F. <i>incruster</i>. See
<u>Crust</u>.] [Written also <i>encrust</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover or line with a crust, or hard
coat; to form a crust on the surface of; as, iron <i>incrusted</i>
with rust; a vessel <i>incrusted</i> with salt; a sweetmeat
<i>incrusted</i> with sugar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And by the frost refin'd the whiter snow,<BR>
<i>Incrusted</i> hard.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>To inlay into, as a
piece of carving or other ornamental object.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*crus"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incrustatus</i>, p. p. See <u>Incrust</u>.] <def>Incrusted.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*crus"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
incrust.</def> [R.]  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`crus*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incrustatio</i>: cf. F. <i>incrustation</i>. See
<u>Incrust</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of incrusting, or the state of
being incrusted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A crust or hard coating of anything upon
or within a body, as a deposit of lime, sediment, etc., from water on
the inner surface of a steam boiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A covering or inlaying of
marble, mosaic, etc., attached to the masonry by cramp irons or
cement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Anything inlaid or
imbedded.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*crust"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Incrustation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*crys"tal*li`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
crystallizable; incapable of being formed into crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"cu*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Incubated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Incubating</u> (?).] [L. <i>incubatus</i>, p.
p. <i>incubare</i> to lie on; pref. <i>in-</i> in, on + <i>cubare</i>
to lie down.  Cf. <u>Cubit</u>, <u>Incumbent</u>.] <def>To sit, as on
eggs for hatching; to brood; to brood upon, or keep warm, as eggs,
for the purpose of hatching.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cu*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incubatio</i>: cf. F. <i>incubation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sitting on eggs for the purpose of
hatching young; a brooding on, or keeping warm, (eggs) to develop the
life within, by any process.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The development of a disease
from its causes, or its period of incubation. (See below.)</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sleeping in a consecrated place for the
purpose of dreaming oracular dreams.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Period of incubation</b></col>, or <col><b>Stage of
incubation</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the period which elapses
between exposure to the causes of a disease and the attack resulting
from it; the time of development of the supposed germs or
spores.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"cu*ba*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to incubation, or to the period of incubation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"cu*ba`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
incubates, especially, an apparatus by means of which eggs are
hatched by artificial heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cu"ba*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving for
incubation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cube"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fix firmly,
as in cube; to secure or place firmly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cu"bi*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>incubitus</i>.] <def>Incubation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J.
Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"cu*bous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>incubare</i> to lie on.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the leaves so
placed that the upper part of each one covers the base of the leaf
next above it, as in hepatic mosses of the genus <i>Frullania</i>.
See <u>Succubous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"cu*bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Incubuses</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Incubi</b></plw> (#).
[L., the nightmare.  Cf. <u>Incubate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A demon; a fiend; a lascivious spirit,
supposed to have sexual intercourse with women by night.</def>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The devils who appeared in the female form were
generally called succubi; those who appeared like men <i>incubi</i>,
though this distinction was not always preserved.</blockquote>
<i>Lecky.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The nightmare. See
<u>Nightmare</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such as are troubled with <i>incubus</i>, or witch-
ridden, as we call it.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any oppressive encumbrance or burden;
anything that prevents the free use of the faculties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Debt and usury is the <i>incubus</i> which weighs most
heavily on the agricultural resources of Turkey.</blockquote> <i>J.
L. Farley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cul"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inculcated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inculcating</u> (?).] [L. <i>inculcatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>inculcare</i> to tread on; pref. <i>in-</i> in, on +
<i>calcare</i> to tread, fr. <i>calx</i> the heel; perh. akin to E.
<i>heel</i>.  Cf. 2d <u>Calk</u>, <u>Heel</u>.] <def>To teach and
impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions; to urge on the mind;
as, Christ <i>inculcates</i> on his followers humility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most obvious and necessary duties of life they
have not yet had authority enough to enforce and <i>inculcate</i>
upon men's minds.</blockquote> <i>S. Clarke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To instill; infuse; implant; engraft; impress.</p>

<p><hw>In`cul*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inculcatio</i>: cf. F. <i>inculcation</i>.] <def>A teaching and
impressing by frequent repetitions.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><! p. 749 !></p>

<p><hw>In*cul"ca*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
inculcates.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*culk"</hw> (?). <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inculquer</i>. See <u>Inculcate</u>.] <def>To inculcate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*culp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<i>inculper</i>. See <u>Inculpate</u>.] <def>To inculpate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cul"pa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inculpabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>incupable</i>.] <def>Faultless;
blameless; innocent.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An innocent and <i>incupable</i> piece of
ignorance.</blockquote> <i>Killingbeck.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cul"pa*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Blamelessness; faultlessness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cul"pa*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Blamelessly.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cul"pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inculpated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inculpating</u> (?).] [LL. <i>inculpatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>inculpare</i> to blame; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>culpa</i>
fault. See <u>Culpable</u>.] [A word of recent introduction.] <def>To
blame; to impute guilt to; to accuse; to involve or implicate in
guilt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That risk could only exculpate her and not
<i>inculpate</i> them -- the probabilities protected them so
perfectly.</blockquote> <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cul*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inculpation</i>.] <def>Blame; censure; crimination.</def>
<i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cul"pa*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imputing
blame; criminatory; compromising; implicating.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cult"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>incultus</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>cultus</i>, p. p. of <i>colere</i> to
cultivate: cf. F. <i>inculte</i>.] <def>Untilled; uncultivated;
crude; rude; uncivilized.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Germany then, says Tacitus, was <i>incult</i> and
horrid, now full of magnificent cities.</blockquote>
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His style is diffuse and <i>incult</i>.</blockquote>
<i>M. W. Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cul"ti*va`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Uncultivated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cul`ti*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
cultivation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Berington.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cul"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>culture</i>: cf. F. <i>inculture</i>.] <def>Want or
neglect of cultivation or culture.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cum"ben*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Incumbencies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Incumbent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being incumbent; a lying or
resting on something.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is physically incumbent; that
which lies as a burden; a weight.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is morally incumbent, or is
imposed, as a rule, a duty, obligation, or responsibility.</def> "The
<i>incumbencies</i> of a family."  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of holding a benefice; the full
possession and exercise of any office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These fines are only to be paid to the bishop during
his <i>incumbency</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cum"bent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incumbens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>incumbere</i> to lie
down upon, press upon; pref. <i>in-</i> in, on + <i>cumbere</i> (in
comp.); akin to <i>cubare</i> to lie down. See <u>Incubate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lying; resting; reclining; recumbent;
superimposed; superincumbent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two <i>incumbent</i> figures, gracefully leaning upon
it.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To move the <i>incumbent</i> load they
try.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lying, resting, or imposed, as a duty or
obligation; obligatory; always with <i>on</i> or
<i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All men, truly zealous, will perform those good works
that are <i>incumbent</i> on all Christians.</blockquote>
<i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Leaning or resting; -- said
of anthers when lying on the inner side of the filament, or of
cotyledons when the radicle lies against the back of one of
them.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bent downwards so that
the ends touch, or rest on, something else; as, the <i>incumbent</i>
toe of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cum"bent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who is in
present possession of a benefice or of any office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>incumbent</i> lieth at the mercy of his
patron.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cum"bent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
incumbent manner; so as to be incumbent.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cum"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Incumbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Incumbering</u>.] <def>See <u>Encumber</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`cum*bi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Incubation.</def> [R.]  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cum"brance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Encumbrance</u>.] [Written also <i>encumbrance</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A burdensome and troublesome load;
anything that impedes motion or action, or renders it difficult or
laborious; clog; impediment; hindrance; check.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A burden or charge upon
property; a claim or lien upon an estate, which may diminish its
value.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cum"bran*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who holds an incumbrance, or some legal claim, lien, or
charge on an estate.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cum"brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>encombros</i>.] <def>Cumbersome; troublesome.</def> [Written also
<i>encombrous</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In`cu*nab"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Incunabula</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>incunabula</i> cradle,
birthplace, origin. See 1st <u>In-</u>, and <u>Cunabula</u>.] <def>A
work of art or of human industry, of an early epoch; especially, a
book printed before <u>a. d.</u> 1500.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Incurred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Incurring</u> (?).] [L. <i>incurrere</i> to run into or toward;
pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>currere</i> to run. See <u>Current</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To meet or fall in with, as something
inconvenient, harmful, or onerous; to put one's self in the way of;
to expose one's self to; to become liable or subject to; to bring
down upon one's self; to encounter; to contract; as, to <i>incur</i>
debt, danger, displeasure, penalty, responsibility, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know not what I shall <i>incur</i> to pass it,<BR>
Having no warrant.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render liable or subject to; to
occasion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lest you <i>incur</i> me much more damage in my fame
than you have done me pleasure in preserving my life.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cur"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass; to
enter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Light is discerned by itself because by itself it
<i>incurs</i> into the eye.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cur`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>incurabilit&eacute;</i> incurability, LL. <i>incurabilitas</i>
negligence.] <def>The state of being incurable;
irremediableness.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cur"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>incurable</i>, L. <i>incurabilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Curable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not capable of being cured; beyond the
power of skill or medicine to remedy; as, an <i>incurable</i>
disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A scirrhus is not absolutely
<i>incurable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not admitting or capable of remedy or
correction; irremediable; remediless; as, <i>incurable</i>
evils.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rancorous and <i>incurable</i> hostility.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They were laboring under a profound, and, as it might
have seemed, an almost <i>incurable</i> ignorance.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Stephen.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Irremediable; remediless; irrecoverable;
irretrievable; irreparable; hopeless.</p>

<p><hw>In*cur"a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person diseased
beyond cure.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cur"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being incurable; incurability.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cur"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner
that renders cure impracticable or impossible; irremediably.</def>
"<i>Incurably</i> diseased." <i>Bp. Hall.</i> "<i>Incurably</i>
wicked."  <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cu`ri*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incuriositas</i>: cf. F. <i>incurosit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Want of
curiosity or interest; inattentiveness; indifference.</def>  <i>Sir
H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cu"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incuriosus</i>: cf. F. <i>incurieux</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Curious</u>.] <def>Not curious or inquisitive; without care for or
interest in; inattentive; careless; negligent; heedless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Carelessnesses and <i>incurious</i> deportments toward
their children.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cu"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
curious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cu"ri*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unconcernedness; incuriosity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sordid <i>incuriousness</i> and slovenly
neglect.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cur"rence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Incur</u>.] <def>The act of incurring, bringing on, or subjecting
one's self to (something troublesome or burdensome); as, the
<i>incurrence</i> of guilt, debt, responsibility, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cur"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incurrens</i>, p. pr. <i>incurere</i>, <i>incursum</i>, to run in;
<i>in-</i> + <i>currere</i> to run.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Characterized by a current which flows inward; as, the
<i>incurrent</i> orifice of lamellibranch Mollusca.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cur"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incursio</i>: cf. F. <i>incursion</i>. See <u>Incur</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A running into; hence, an entering into a
territory with hostile intention; a temporary invasion; a predatory
or harassing inroad; a raid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Scythian, whose <i>incursions</i> wild<BR>
Have wasted Sogdiana.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>incursions</i> of the Goths disordered the
affairs of the Roman Empire.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attack; occurrence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sins of daily <i>incursion</i>.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Invasion; inroad; raid; foray; sally; attack;
onset; irruption. See <u>Invasion</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*cur"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making an
incursion; invasive; aggressive; hostile.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cur"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
curtain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*cur"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incurvatus</i>, p. p. of <i>incurvare</i> to crook; pref. <i>in-
</i> in + <i>curvus</i> bent. See <u>Curve</u>, and cf.
<u>Incurve</u>.] <def>Curved; bent; crooked.</def>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cur"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Incurvated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Incurvating</u>.] <def>To turn from a straight line
or course; to bend; to crook.</def>  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`cur*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>incurvatio</i>: cf. F. <i>incurvation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of bending, or curving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being bent or curved;
curvature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>incurvation</i> of the rays.</blockquote>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of bowing, or bending the body, in
respect or reverence.</def> "The <i>incurvations</i> of the knee."
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*curve"</hw> (&ibreve;n*k&ucirc;v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Incurved</u> (-k&ucirc;vd");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Incurving</u>.] [See
<u>Incurvate</u>.] <def>To bend; to curve; to make crooked.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*curved"</hw> (&ibreve;n*k&ucirc;vd"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>curved</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bending
gradually toward the axis or center, as branches or petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cur"vi*ty</hw> (&ibreve;n*k&ucirc;"v&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>incurvus</i> bent. See
<u>Incurvate</u>.] <def>A state of being bent or curved; incurvation;
a bending inwards.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., anvil.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An anvil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the small bones in
the tympanum of the ear; the anvil bone. See <u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The central portion of
the armature of the pharynx in the Rotifera.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Incuse</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Numismatics)</i> <def>Cut or stamped in,
or hollowed out by engraving.</def> "Irregular <i>incuse</i> square."
<i>Dr. W. Smith.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*cuse"</hw> (?), <hw>In*cuss"</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [L. <i>incussus</i>, p. p. of <i>incutere</i> to strike.
See 1st <u>In-</u>, and <u>Concuss</u>.] <def>To form, or mold, by
striking or stamping, as a coin or medal.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Incuse</u>.] <def>To strike or stamp in.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Becon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*cyst"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Encyst</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*cyst"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Encysted</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ind</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>India.</def>
[Poetical]  <i>Shak. Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"da*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indagatus</i>, p. p. of <i>indagare</i> to seek.] <def>To seek or
search out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`da*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indagatio</i>: cf. F. <i>indagation</i>.] <def>Search; inquiry;
investigation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In"da*ga*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Searching;
exploring; investigating.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"da*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
searcher; an explorer; an investigator.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Searched into by such skillful <i>indagators</i> of
nature.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dam"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Endamage</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*dam"aged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
damaged.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dart"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pierce, as
with a dart.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"da*zol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ind</i>ol +
<i>az</i>ote.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous compound,
C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>6</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, analogous to indol, and
produced from a diazo derivative of cinnamic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Inde</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Azure-colored; of a
bright blue color.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Endear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*debt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Indebted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Indebting</u>.] [OE. <i>endetten</i>, F. <i>endetter</i>; pref.
<i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + F. <i>dette</i> debt. See <u>Debt</u>.]
<def>To bring into debt; to place under obligation; -- chiefly used
in the participle <i>indebted</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy fortune hath <i>indebted</i> thee to
none.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*debt"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Brought into debt; being under obligation; held to payment or
requital; beholden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By owing, owes not, but still pays, at once<BR>
<i>Indebted</i> and discharged.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Placed under obligation for something
received, for which restitution or gratitude is due; as, we are
<i>indebted</i> to our parents for their care of us in infancy;
<i>indebted</i> to friends for help and encouragement.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*debt"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being indebted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sum owed; debts,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*debt"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>endettement</i>.] <def>Indebtedness.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*de"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Indecency</u>.</def> [Obs.] "An <i>indecence</i> of barbarity."
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*de"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Indecencies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>indecentia</i>
unseemliness: cf. F. <i>ind&eacute;cence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being indecent;
want of decency, modesty, or good manners; obscenity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is indecent; an indecent word
or act; an offense against delicacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They who, by speech or writing, present to the ear or
the eye of modesty any of the <i>indecencies</i> I allude to, are
pests of society.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Indelicacy; indecorum; immodesty; impurity;
obscenity. See <u>Indecorum</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*de"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>indecens</i>
unseemly, unbecoming: cf. F. <i>ind&eacute;cent</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Decent</u>.] <def>Not decent; unfit to be seen or heard;
offensive to modesty and delicacy; as, <i>indecent</i>
language.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unbecoming; indecorous; indelicate; unseemly;
immodest; gross; shameful; impure; improper; obscene; filthy.</p>

<p><hw>In*de"cent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an indecent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*cid"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Indeciduous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having no decidua;
nondeciduate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*cid"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
deciduous or falling, as the leaves of trees in autumn; lasting;
evergreen; persistent; permanent; perennial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>indeciduous</i> and unshaven locks of
Apollo.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dec"i*ma*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + LL. <i>decimare</i> to tithe: cf. F.
<i>ind&eacute;cimable</i>. See <u>Decimate</u>.] <def>Not decimable,
or liable to be decimated; not liable to the payment of tithes.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*ci"pher*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
decipherable; incapable of being deciphered, explained, or
solved.</def> -- <wf>In`de*ci"pher*a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`de*ci"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>decision</i>: cf. F. <i>ind&eacute;cision</i>.] <def>Want of
decision; want of settled purpose, or of firmness; indetermination;
wavering of mind; irresolution; vacillation; hesitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The term <i>indecision</i> . . . implies an idea very
nicely different from irresolution; yet it has a tendency to produce
it.</blockquote> <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Indecision</i> . . . is the natural accomplice of
violence.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*ci"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ind&eacute;cisif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not decisive; not bringing to a final or
ultimate issue; as, an <i>indecisive</i> battle, argument,
answer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The campaign had everywhere been
<i>indecisive</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Undetermined; prone to indecision;
irresolute; unsettled; wavering; vacillating; hesitating; as, an
<i>indecisive</i> state of mind; an <i>indecisive</i>
character.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*ci"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
decision.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*ci"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being indecisive; unsettled state.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*clin"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indeclinabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>ind&eacute;clinable</i>. See <u>In-
</u> not, and <u>Decline</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Not declinable;
not varied by inflective terminations; as, <i>nihil</i> (nothing), in
Latin, is an <i>indeclinable</i> noun.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An indeclinable word.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*clin"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without variation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Without variation of
termination.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*de`com*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>decomposable</i>: cf. F.
<i>ind&eacute;composable</i>.] <def>Not decomposable; incapable or
difficult of decomposition; not resolvable into its constituents or
elements.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*de`com*pos"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Incapableness of decomposition; stability; permanence;
durability.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*co"rous</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indecorous</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Decorous</u>.] <def>Not
decorous; violating good manners; contrary to good breeding or
etiquette; unbecoming; improper; out of place; as, <i>indecorous</i>
conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was useless and <i>indecorous</i> to attempt
anything more by mere struggle.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unbecoming; unseemly; unbefitting; rude; coarse;
impolite; uncivil; ill-bred.</p>

<p><hw>In`de*co"rous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
indecorous manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*co"rous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being indecorous; want of decorum.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*co"rum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>decorum</i>: cf. L. <i>indecorous</i> unbecoming.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of decorum; impropriety of behavior;
that in behavior or manners which violates the established rules of
civility, custom, or etiquette; indecorousness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An indecorous or unbecoming action.</def>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <i>Indecorum</i> is sometimes synonymous with
<i>indecency</i>; but <i>indecency</i>, more frequently than
<i>indecorum</i>, is applied to words or actions which refer to what
nature and propriety require to be concealed or suppressed.
<i>Indecency</i> is the stronger word; <i>indecorum</i> refers to any
transgression of etiquette or civility, especially in public.</p>

<p><hw>In*deed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Prep. <i>in +
deed</i>.] <def>In reality; in truth; in fact; verily; truly; -- used
in a variety of senses.  Esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Denoting emphasis;
as, <i>indeed</i> it is so. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Denoting concession
or admission; as, <i>indeed</i>, you are right. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
Denoting surprise; as, <i>indeed</i>, is it you? Its meaning is not
intrinsic or fixed, but depends largely on the form of expression
which it accompanies.</def></p>

<p><! p. 750 !></p>

<p><blockquote>The carnal mind is enmity against God; for it is not
subject to the law of God, neither <i>indeed</i> can be.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. viii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I were a beast <i>indeed</i> to do you
wrong.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is, <i>indeed</i>, no great pleasure in visiting
these magazines of war.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fat`i*ga*bil"i*ty</hw>
(&ibreve;n`d&esl;*f&abreve;t`&ibreve;*g&adot;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&y
breve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
indefatigable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fat"i*ga*ble</hw>
(&ibreve;n`d&esl;*f&abreve;t"&ibreve;*g&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>indefatigabilis</i>: cf. OF.
<i>indefatigable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Defatigable</u>, and
cf. <u>Infatigable</u>.] <def>Incapable of being fatigued; not
readily exhausted; unremitting in labor or effort; untiring;
unwearying; not yielding to fatigue; as, <i>indefatigable</i>
exertions, perseverance, application.</def> "A constant,
<i>indefatigable</i> attendance."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upborne with <i>indefatigable</i> wings.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unwearied; untiring; persevering; persistent.</p>

<p><hw>In`de*fat"i*ga*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indefatigable quality; unweariedness; persistency.</def>
<i>Parnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fat"i*ga*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
weariness; without yielding to fatigue; persistently.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fat`i*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indefatigableness; unweariedness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J.
Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fea`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being indefeasible.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fea`si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>defeasible</i>: cf. OF. <i>indefaisable</i>.] <def>Not
to be defeated; not defeasible; incapable of being annulled or made
void; as, an <i>indefeasible</i> or title.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That the king had a divine and an <i>indefeasible</i>
right to the regal power.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fect`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ind&eacute;fectibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
indefectible.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fect"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>defectible</i>: cf. F. <i>ind&eacute;fectible</i>.]
<def>Not defectible; unfailing; not liable to defect, failure, or
decay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>indefectible</i> treasure in the
heavens.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A state of <i>indefectible</i> virtue and
happiness.</blockquote> <i>S. Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
defective; perfect; complete.</def> "Absolute, <i>indefective</i>
obedience."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fei"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indefeasible.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`de*fen`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of not being defensible.</def>  <i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fen"si*ble</hw> (?), [Pref. <i>in-</i> not +
<i>defensible</i>: cf. OF. <i>indefensible</i>, <i>indefensable</i>.]
<def>Not defensible; not capable of being defended, maintained,
vindicated, or justified; unjustifiable; untenable; as, an
<i>indefensible</i> fortress, position, cause, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men find that something can be said in favor of what,
on the very proposal, they thought utterly
<i>indefensible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fen"si*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
indefensible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Defenseless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sword awes the <i>indefensive</i>
villager.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fi"cien*cy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of not being deficient.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indeficiens</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Deficient</u>.]
<def>Not deficient; full.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Brighter than the sun, and <i>indeficient</i> as the
light of heaven.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fin"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being defined or described; inexplicable.</def>  <i>Bp.
Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fin"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
indefinable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*def"i*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indefinitus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Definite</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not definite; not limited, defined, or
specified; not explicit; not determined or fixed upon; not precise;
uncertain; vague; confused; obscure; as, an <i>indefinite</i> time,
plan, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were to be wished that . . . men would leave off
that <i>indefinite</i> way of vouching, "the chymists say this," or
"the chymists affirm that."</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The time of this last is left
<i>indefinite</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no determined or certain limits;
large and unmeasured, though not infinite; unlimited; as,
<i>indefinite</i> space; the <i>indefinite</i> extension of a
straight line.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though it is not infinite, it may be
<i>indefinite</i>; though it is not boundless in itself, it may be so
to human comprehension.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Boundless; infinite.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Indefinite</i> and omnipresent God,<BR>
Inhabiting eternity.</blockquote> <i>W. Thompson (1745).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Too numerous or variable to
make a particular enumeration important; -- said of the parts of a
flower, and the like. Also, indeterminate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Indefinite article</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>the word
<i>a</i> or <i>an</i>, used with nouns to denote any one of a common
or general class.</cd> -- <col><b>Indefinite inflorescence</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Indeterminate inflorescence</i>, under
<u>Indeterminate</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indefinite
proposition</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>a statement whose subject
is a common term, with nothing to indicate distribution or
nondistribution; as, <i>Man is mortal</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indefinite
term</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>a negative term; as, <i>the not-
good</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inexplicit; vague; uncertain; unsettled;
indeterminate; loose; equivocal; inexact; approximate.</p>

<p><hw>In*def"i*nite*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
indefinite manner or degree; without any settled limitation; vaguely;
not with certainty or exactness; as, to use a word
<i>indefinitely</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the world be <i>indefinitely</i> extended, that is,
so far as no human intellect can fancy any bound of it.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*def"i*nite*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being indefinite.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*fin"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indefiniteness; vagueness; also, number or quantity not limited
by our understanding, though yet finite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*his"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ind&eacute;hiscence</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The property or state
of being indehiscent.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*his"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>dehiscent</i>: cf. F. <i>ind&eacute;hiscent</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Remaining closed at maturity, or not opening along
regular lines, as the acorn, or a cocoanut.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*lec"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
delectable; unpleasant; disagreeable.</def> [R.]
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*lib"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indeliberatus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Deliberate</u>.]
<def>Done without deliberation; unpremeditated.</def> [Obs.] --
<wf>In`de*lib"er*ate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`de*lib"er*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indeliberate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*del`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ind&eacute;l&eacute;bilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
indelible.</def>  <i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*del"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indelebilis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>delebilis</i> capable
of being destroyed: cf. F. <i>ind&eacute;l&eacute;bile</i>. See
<u>In-</u> not, and <u>Deleble</u>.] [Formerly written also
<i>indeleble</i>, which accords with the etymology of the word.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That can not be removed, washed away,
blotted out, or effaced; incapable of being canceled, lost, or
forgotten; as, <i>indelible</i> characters; an <i>indelible</i>
stain; an <i>indelible</i> impression on the memory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That can not be annulled;
indestructible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They are endued with <i>indelible</i> power from
above.</blockquote> <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Indelible colors</b></col>, <cd>fast colors which do not
fade or tarnish by exposure.</cd> -- <col><b>Indelible ink</b></col>,
<cd>an ink not obliterated by washing; esp., a solution of silver
nitrate.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fixed; fast; permanent; ineffaceable.</p>

<p>-- <wf>In*del"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*del"i*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Indelibly</i> stamped and impressed.</blockquote>
<i>J. Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*del"i*ca*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Indelicacies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Indelicate</u>.]
<def>The quality of being indelicate; want of delicacy, or of a nice
sense of, or regard for, purity, propriety, or refinement in manners,
language, etc.; rudeness; coarseness; also, that which is offensive
to refined taste or purity of mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>indelicacy</i> of English comedy.</blockquote>
<i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your papers would be chargeable with worse than
<i>indelicacy</i>; they would be immoral.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*del"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>delicate</i>: cf. F. <i>ind&eacute;licat</i>.] <def>Not
delicate; wanting delicacy; offensive to good manners, or to purity
of mind; coarse; rude; as, an <i>indelicate</i> word or suggestion;
<i>indelicate</i> behavior.</def> <i>Macaulay.</i> --
<wf>In*del"i*cate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Indecorous; unbecoming; unseemly; rude; coarse;
broad; impolite; gross; indecent; offensive; improper; unchaste;
impure; unrefined.</p>

<p><hw>In*dem`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of indemnifying,
preserving, or securing against loss, damage, or penalty;
reimbursement of loss, damage, or penalty; the state of being
indemnified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Indemnification</i> is capable of some estimate;
dignity has no standard.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which indemnifies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No reward with the name of an
<i>indemnification</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dem"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Indemnified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Indemnifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>indemnis</i> unhurt
(<i>in-</i> not + <i>damnum</i> hurt, damage) + <i>-fy</i>.  Cf.
<u>Damn</u>, <u>Damnify</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To save harmless; to secure against loss
or damage; to insure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The states must at last engage to the merchants here
that they will <i>indemnify</i> them from all that shall fall
out.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make restitution or compensation for,
as for that which is lost; to make whole; to reimburse; to
compensate.</def>  <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dem"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Indemnities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>indemnitas</i>, fr.
<i>indemnis</i> uninjured: cf. F. <i>indemnit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Indemnify</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Security; insurance; exemption from loss
or damage, past or to come; immunity from penalty, or the punishment
of past offenses; amnesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Having first obtained a promise of <i>indemnity</i>
for the riot they had committed.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indemnification, compensation, or
remuneration for loss, damage, or injury sustained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were told to expect, upon the fall of Walpole, a
large and lucrative <i>indemnity</i> for their pretended
wrongs.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Mahon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Insurance is a contract of <i>indemnity</i>.
<i>Arnould.</i> The owner of private property taken for public use is
entitled to compensation or <i>indemnity</i>.  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Act of indemnity</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an act or law
passed in order to relieve persons, especially in an official
station, from some penalty to which they are liable in consequence of
acting illegally, or, in case of ministers, in consequence of
exceeding the limits of their strict constitutional powers. These
acts also sometimes provide compensation for losses or damage, either
incurred in the service of the government, or resulting from some
public measure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`de*mon`stra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being indemonstrable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*mon"stra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indemonstrabilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Demonstrable</u>.] <def>Incapable of being demonstrated.</def> --
<wf>In`de*mon"stra*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*den`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of naturalizing; endenization.</def> [R.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*den"ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
naturalize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*den"i*zen</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Indenizened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Indenizening</u>.] <def>To invest with the privileges
of a denizen; to naturalize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Words <i>indenizened</i>, and commonly used as
English.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Indented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Indenting</u>.] [OE. <i>endenten</i> to notch, fit in, OF.
<i>endenter</i>, LL. <i>indentare</i>, fr. L. <i>in + dens</i>,
<i>dentis</i>, tooth. See <u>Tooth</u>, and cf.
<u>Indenture</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To notch; to jag; to cut into points like
a row of teeth; as, to <i>indent</i> the edge of paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dent; to stamp or to press in; to
impress; as, <i>indent</i> a smooth surface with a hammer; to
<i>indent</i> wax with a stamp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Indenture</u>.] <def>To bind out by
indenture or contract; to indenture; to apprentice; as, to
<i>indent</i> a young man to a shoemaker; to <i>indent</i> a
servant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To begin (a line or lines)
at a greater or less distance from the margin; as, to <i>indent</i>
the first line of a paragraph one em; to <i>indent</i> the second
paragraph two ems more than the first. See <u>Indentation</u>, and
<u>Indention</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To make an order upon; to
draw upon, as for military stores.</def> [India]  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dent"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be cut, notched, or dented.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To crook or turn; to wind in and out; to
zigzag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To contract; to bargain or covenant.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>indent</i> and drive bargains with the
Almighty.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cut or notch in the margin of anything, or a recess like a
notch.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stamp; an impression.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A certificate, or intended certificate,
issued by the government of the United States at the close of the
Revolution, for the principal or interest of the public debt.</def>
<i>D. Ramsay. A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A requisition or order for
supplies, sent to the commissariat of an army.</def> [India]
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`den*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of indenting or state of being
indented.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A notch or recess, in the margin or border
of anything; as, the <i>indentations</i> of a leaf, of the coast,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A recess or sharp depression in any
surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
act of beginning a line or series of lines at a little distance
within the flush line of the column or page, as in the common way of
beginning the first line of a paragraph.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The measure of the distance; as, an <i>indentation</i> of one
em, or of two ems.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hanging</b></col>, or <col><b>Reverse</b></col>,
<col><b>indentation</b></col>, <cd>indentation of all the lines of a
paragraph except the first, which is a full line.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*dent"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cut in the edge into points or inequalities, like teeth; jagged;
notched; stamped in; dented on the surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having an uneven, irregular border;
sinuous; undulating.</def>  <i>Milton. Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Notched like the part of a
saw consisting of the teeth; serrated; as, an <i>indented</i> border
or ordinary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Bound out by an indenture; apprenticed;
indentured; as, an <i>indented</i> servant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Notched along the
margin with a different color, as the feathers of some
birds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Indented line</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>a line with
alternate long and short faces, with salient and receding angles,
each face giving a flanking fire along the front of the
next.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*dent"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
indentations.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dent"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Indentation;
an impression like that made by a tooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*den"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Indentation</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dent"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indenture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*den"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>endenture</i>, OF. <i>endenture</i>, LL. <i>indentura</i> a deed
in duplicate, with indented edges. See the Note below. See
<u>Indent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of indenting, or state of being
indented.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A mutual agreement in writing
between two or more parties, whereof each party has usually a
counterpart or duplicate; sometimes in the <i>pl.</i>, a short form
for <i>indentures of apprenticeship</i>, the contract by which a
youth is bound apprentice to a master.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law is the best expositor of the gospel; they are
like a pair of <i>indentures</i>: they answer in every
part.</blockquote> <i>C. Leslie.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Indentures were originally duplicates, laid together and
indented by a notched cut or line, or else written on the same piece
of parchment and separated by a notched line so that the two papers
or parchments corresponded to each other. But indenting has gradually
become a mere form, and is often neglected, while the writings or
counterparts retain the name of <i>indentures</i>.</p>

<p><hw>In*den"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Indentured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Indenturing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To indent; to make hollows, notches, or
wrinkles in; to furrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though age may creep on, and <i>indenture</i> the
brow.</blockquote> <i>Woty.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bind by indentures or written contract;
as, to <i>indenture</i> an apprentice.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*den"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To run or wind
in and out; to be cut or notched; to indent.</def>
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*pend"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ind&eacute;pendance</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being independent;
freedom from dependence; exemption from reliance on, or control by,
others; self-subsistence or maintenance; direction of one's own
affairs without interference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let fortune do her worst, . . . as long as she never
makes us lose our honesty and our <i>independence</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sufficient means for a comfortable
livelihood.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Declaration of Independence</b></col> <i>(Amer.
Hist.)</i>, <cd>the declaration of the Congress of the Thirteen
United States of America, on the 4th of July, 1776, by which they
formally declared that these colonies were free and independent
States, not subject to the government of Great Britain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`de*pend"en*cy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Independence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Give me," I cried (enough for me),<BR>
"My bread, and <i>independency</i>!"</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Doctrine and polity of the
Independents.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*pend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>dependent</i>: cf. F. <i>ind&eacute;pendant</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not dependent; free; not subject to
control by others; not relying on others; not subordinate; as, few
men are wholly <i>independent</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dry, but <i>independent</i> crust.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affording a comfortable livelihood; as, an
<i>independent</i> property.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not subject to bias or influence; not
obsequious; self-directing; as, a man of an <i>independent</i>
mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Expressing or indicating the feeling of
independence; free; easy; bold; unconstrained; as, an
<i>independent</i> air or manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Separate from; exclusive;
irrespective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That obligation in general, under which we conceive
ourselves bound to obey a law, <i>independent</i> of those resources
which the law provides for its own enforcement.</blockquote> <i>R. P.
Ward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Belonging or pertaining to,
or holding to the doctrines or methods of, the
Independents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Not dependent upon another
quantity in respect to value or rate of variation; -- said of
quantities or functions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(U. S. Politics)</i> <def>Not bound by
party; exercising a free choice in voting with either or any
party.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Independent company</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>one not
incorporated in any regiment.</cd> -- <col><b>Independent seconds
watch</b></col>, <cd>a stop watch having a second hand driven by a
separate set of wheels, springs, etc., for timing to a fraction of a
second.</cd> -- <col><b>Independent variable</b></col>.
<i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See <i>Dependent variable</i>, under
<u>Dependent</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Free; uncontrolled; separate; uncoerced; self-
reliant; bold; unconstrained; unrestricted.</p>

<p><! p. 751 !></p>

<p><hw>In`de*pend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One who believes that an
organized Christian church is complete in itself, competent to self-
government, and independent of all ecclesiastical
authority.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England the name is often applied (commonly in the
<i>pl.</i>) to the Congregationalists.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Politics)</i> <def>One who does not
acknowledge an obligation to support a party's candidate under all
circumstances; one who exercises liberty in voting.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*pend"ent*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Independency; the church system of Independents.</def>  <i>Bp.
Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*pend"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
independent manner; without control.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being deposed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Princes <i>indeposable</i> by the pope.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dep"ra*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indepravatus</i>.] <def>Undepraved.</def> [R.]  <i>Davies (Holy
Roode).</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dep"re*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indeprecabilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Deprecate</u>.]
<def>Incapable or undeserving of being deprecated.</def>
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dep`re*hen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indeprehensibilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Deprehensible</u>.] <def>Incapable of being found out.</def>
<i>Bp. Morton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*priv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being deprived, or of being taken away.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*scrib"a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being described.</def> -- <wf>In`de*scrib"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`de*scrip"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
descriptive.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*sert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ill
desert.</def> [R.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*des"i*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indesinens</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Desinent</u>.] <def>Not
ceasing; perpetual.</def> [Obs.] <i>Baxter.</i> --
<wf>In*des"i*nent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*sir"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Undesirable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*struc`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>indestructibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
indestructible.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*struc"ti*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>destructible</i>: cf. F. <i>indestructible</i>.]
<def>Not destructible; incapable of decomposition or of being
destroyed.</def> -- <wf>In`de*struc"ti*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>In`de*struc"ti*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`de*ter"mi*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indeterminabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>ind&eacute;terminable</i>. See
<u>In-</u> not, and Determine.] <def>Not determinable; impossible to
be determined; not to be definitely known, ascertained, defined, or
limited.</def> -- <wf>In`de*ter"mi*na*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`de*ter"mi*na*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
indeterminable thing or quantity.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*ter"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indeterminatus</i>.] <def>Not determinate; not certain or fixed;
indefinite; not precise; as, an <i>indeterminate</i> number of
years.</def>  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Indeterminate analysis</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>that
branch of analysis which has for its object the solution of
indeterminate problems.</cd> -- <col><b>Indeterminate
coefficients</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>coefficients arbitrarily
assumed for convenience of calculation, or to facilitate some
artifice of analysis. Their values are subsequently determined.</cd>
-- <col><b>Indeterminate equation</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>an
equation in which the unknown quantities admit of an infinite number
of values, or sets of values. A group of equations is
<i>indeterminate</i> when it contains more unknown quantities than
there are equations.</cd> -- <col><b>Indeterminate
inflorescence</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a mode of inflorescence in
which the flowers all arise from axillary buds, the terminal bud
going on to grow and sometimes continuing the stem indefinitely; --
called also <i>acropetal, botryose, centripetal, &and; indefinite
inflorescence</i>.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Indeterminate
problem</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a problem which admits of an
infinite number of solutions, or one in which there are fewer imposed
conditions than there are unknown or required results.</cd> --
<col><b>Indeterminate quantity</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a
quantity which has no fixed value, but which may be varied in
accordance with any proposed condition.</cd> -- <col><b>Indeterminate
series</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a series whose terms proceed by
the powers of an indeterminate quantity, sometimes also with
indeterminate exponents, or indeterminate coefficients.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`de*ter"mi*nate*ly</wf> <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`de*ter"mi*nate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`de*ter`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>determination</i>: cf.
<i>ind&eacute;termination</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of determination; an unsettled or
wavering state, as of the mind.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of fixed or stated direction.</def>
<i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*ter"mined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Undetermined.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*vir"gin*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>In-
</u> not, <u>Devirginate</u>.] <def>Not devirginate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*de*vote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indevotus</i>: cf. F. <i>ind&eacute;vot</i>.  Cf.
<u>Indevout</u>.] <def>Not devoted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bentley.
Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`de*vo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indevotio</i>: cf. F. <i>ind&eacute;votion</i>.] <def>Want of
devotion; impiety; irreligion.</def> "An age of <i>indevotion</i>."
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*de*vout"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>devout</i>.  Cf. <u>Indevote</u>.] <def>Not devout.</def> --
<wf>In*de*vout"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*dew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To indue.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"dex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Indexes</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Indices</b></plw> (#)(&?;).
[L.: cf. F. <i>index</i>. See <u>Indicate</u>, <u>Diction</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which points out; that which shows,
indicates, manifests, or discloses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tastes are the <i>indexes</i> of the different
qualities of plants.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which guides, points out, informs, or
directs; a pointer or a hand that directs to anything, as the hand of
a watch, a movable finger on a gauge, scale, or other graduated
instrument. In printing, a sign [&fist;] used to direct particular
attention to a note or paragraph; -- called also
<i>fist</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A table for facilitating reference to
topics, names, and the like, in a book; -- usually alphabetical in
arrangement, and printed at the end of the volume.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A prologue indicating what follows.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The second digit, that next
to the pollex, in the manus, or hand; the forefinger; index
finger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The figure or letter which
shows the power or root of a quantity; the exponent.</def> [In this
sense the plural is always <plw><b>indices</b></plw>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Index error</b></col>, <cd>the error in the reading of a
mathematical instrument arising from the zero of the index not being
in complete adjustment with that of the limb, or with its
theoretically perfect position in the instrument; a correction to be
applied to the instrument readings equal to the error of the zero
adjustment.</cd> -- <col><b>Index expurgatorius</b></col>. [L.]
<cd>See <i>Index prohibitorius</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Index
finger</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Index</u>, 5.</cd> -- <col><b>Index
glass</b></col>, <cd>the mirror on the index of a quadrant, sextant,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Index hand</b></col>, <cd>the pointer or hand of
a clock, watch, or other registering machine; a hand that points to
something.</cd> -- <col><b>Index of a logarithm</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>,  <cd>the integral part of the logarithm, and always
one less than the number of integral figures in the given number. It
is also called the <i>characteristic</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Index of
refraction</b></col>, or <col><b>Refractive index</b></col>
<i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the number which expresses the ratio of the sine
of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction.
Thus the <i>index of refraction</i> for sulphur is 2, because, when
light passes out of air into sulphur, the sine of the angle of
incidence is double the sine of the angle of refraction.</cd> --
<col><b>Index plate</b></col>, <cd>a graduated circular plate, or one
with circular rows of holes differently spaced; used in machines for
graduating circles, cutting gear teeth, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Index
prohibitorius</b></col> [L.], or <col><b>Prohibitory index</b></col>
<i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>a catalogue of books which are forbidden by
the church to be read; the <i>index expurgatorius</i> [L.], or
<i>expurgatory index</i>, is a catalogue of books from which passages
marked as against faith or morals must be removed before Catholics
can read them. These catalogues are published with additions, from
time to time, by the Congregation of the Index, composed of
cardinals, theologians, etc., under the sanction of the pope.</cd>
<i>Hook.</i> -- <col><b>Index rerum</b></col> [L.], <cd>a tabulated
and alphabetized notebook, for systematic preservation of items,
quotations, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"dex</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Indexed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Indexing</u>.] <def>To provide with an index or table of
references; to put into an index; as, to <i>index</i> a book, or its
contents.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"dex*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes an
index.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dex"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or like, an index; having the form of an
index.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dex"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of an index.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`dex*ter"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>dexterity</i>: cf. F.
<i>indext&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Want of dexterity or
readiness, especially in the use of the hands; clumsiness;
awkwardness.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Indian</u>.]
<def>A country in Southern Asia; the two peninsulas of Hither and
Farther India; in a restricted sense, Hither India, or
Hindostan.</def></p>

<p><col><b>India ink</b></col>, <cd>a nearly black pigment brought
chiefly from China, used for water colors. It is in rolls, or in
square, and consists of lampblack or ivory black and animal glue.
Called also <i>China ink</i>. The true India ink is sepia. See
<u>Sepia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>India matting</b></col>, <cd>floor
matting made in China, India, etc., from grass and reeds; -- also
called <i>Canton, or China, matting</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>India
paper</b></col>, <cd>a variety of Chinese paper, of smooth but not
glossy surface, used for printing from engravings, woodcuts,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>India proof</b></col> <i>(Engraving)</i>, <cd>a
proof impression from an engraved plate, taken on India paper.</cd> -
- <col><b>India rubber</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Caoutchouc</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>India-rubber tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any tree
yielding caoutchouc, but especially the East Indian <i>Ficus
elastica</i>, often cultivated for its large, shining, elliptical
leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*di"a*dem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place or set
in a diadem, as a gem or gems.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"di*a*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Indiamen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A large vessel in the India
trade.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"di*an</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>India</i>, and this fr. <i>Indus</i>, the name of a river in Asia,
L. <i>Indus</i>, Gr. &?;, OPers. <i>Hindu</i>, name of the land on
the Indus, Skr. <i>sindhu</i> river, the Indus.  Cf.
<u>Hindoo</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to India proper; also to
the East Indies, or, sometimes, to the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the aborigines, or
Indians, of America; as, <i>Indian</i> wars; the <i>Indian</i>
tomahawk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Made of maize or Indian corn; as,
<i>Indian</i> corn, <i>Indian</i> meal, <i>Indian</i> bread, and the
like.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Indian</b></col> bay <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a lauraceous tree
(<i>Persea Indica</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Indian bean</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of the catalpa.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian
berry</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Cocculus
indicus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian bread</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Cassava</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian club</b></col>,
<cd>a wooden club, which is swung by the hand for gymnastic
exercise.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian cordage</b></col>, <cd>cordage made
of the fibers of cocoanut husk.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian corn</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus <i>Zea</i> (<i>Z. Mays</i>);
the maize, a native of America. See <u>Corn</u>, and
<u>Maize</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian cress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>nasturtium. See <u>Nasturtium</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian
cucumber</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Medeola</i> (<i>M. Virginica</i>), a common in woods in the United
States. The white rootstock has a taste like cucumbers.</cd> --
<col><b>Indian currant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the
genus <i>Symphoricarpus</i> (<i>S. vulgaris</i>), bearing small red
berries.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian dye</b></col>, <cd>the puccoon.</cd>
-- <col><b>Indian fig</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The banyan. See <u>Banyan</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
prickly pear.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian file</b></col>, <cd>single file;
arrangement of persons in a row following one after another, the
usual way among Indians of traversing woods, especially when on the
war path.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian fire</b></col>, <cd>a pyrotechnic
composition of sulphur, niter, and realgar, burning with a brilliant
white light.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a coarse, high grass (<i>Chrysopogon nutans</i>), common in the
southern portions of the United States; wood grass.</cd> <i>Gray.</i>
-- <col><b>Indian hemp</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A plant of the genus <i>Apocynum</i> (<i>A. cannabinum</i>),
having a milky juice, and a tough, fibrous bark, whence the name. The
root it used in medicine and is both emetic and cathartic in
properties.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The variety of common hemp
(<i>Cannabis Indica</i>), from which hasheesh is obtained.</cd> --
<col><b>Indian mallow</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the velvet leaf
(<i>Abutilon Avicenn&aelig;</i>). See <u>Abutilon</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Indian meal</b></col>, <cd>ground corn or maize.</cd> [U.S.]
-- <col><b>Indian millet</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tall annual
grass (<i>Sorghum vulgare</i>), having many varieties, among which
are broom corn, Guinea corn, durra, and the Chinese sugar cane. It is
called also <i>Guinea corn</i>. See <u>Durra</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Indian ox</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the zebu.</cd> -
- <col><b>Indian paint</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bloodroot</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Indian paper</b></col>. <cd>See <i>India paper</i>, under
<u>India</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian physic</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a plant of two species of the genus <i>Gillenia</i> (<i>G.
trifoliata</i>, and <i>G. stipulacea</i>), common in the United
States, the roots of which are used in medicine as a mild emetic; --
called also <i>American ipecac</i>, and <i>bowman's root</i>.</cd>
<i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Indian pink</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The Cypress vine (<i>Ipom&oelig;a
Quamoclit</i>); -- so called in the West Indies.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>China pink</i>, under
<u>China</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian pipe</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a low, fleshy herb (<i>Monotropa uniflora</i>), growing in
clusters in dark woods, and having scalelike leaves, and a solitary
nodding flower. The whole plant is waxy white, but turns black in
drying.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian plantain</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a name given to several species of the genus <i>Cacalia</i>, tall
herbs with composite white flowers, common through the United States
in rich woods.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Indian poke</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant usually known as the <i>white
hellebore</i> (<i>Veratrum viride</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Indian
pudding</b></col>, <cd>a pudding of which the chief ingredients are
Indian meal, milk, and molasses.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian
purple</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A dull purple color.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The pigment of the same name, intensely blue
and black.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian red</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A purplish red earth or pigment composed of a silicate of iron
and alumina, with magnesia. It comes from the Persian Gulf. Called
also <i>Persian red</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See
<u>Almagra</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian rice</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a reedlike water grass. See <u>Rice</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian
shot</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus <i>Canna</i>
(<i>C. Indica</i>). The hard black seeds are as large as swan shot.
See <u>Canna</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian summer</b></col>, <cd>in the
United States, a period of warm and pleasant weather occurring late
in autumn. See under <u>Summer</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian
tobacco</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of <i>Lobelia</i>. See
<u>Lobelia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian turnip</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American plant of the genus
<i>Aris&aelig;ma</i>. <i>A. triphyllum</i> has a wrinkled farinaceous
root resembling a small turnip, but with a very acrid juice. See
<u>Jack in the Pulpit</u>, and <u>Wake-robin</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Indian wheat</b></col>, <cd>maize or Indian corn.</cd> --
<col><b>Indian yellow</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An intense
rich yellow color, deeper than gamboge but less pure than
cadmium.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <u>Euxanthin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"di*an</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of India.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the aboriginal inhabitants of
America; -- so called originally from the supposed identity of
America with India.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*an*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>An Indiaman.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"di*a rub"ber</hw> (?). <def>See
<u>Caoutchouc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"dic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>index</i>, <i>indicis</i>, an index.] <def>Indexical.</def> [R.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"di*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Indigo</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside obtained from
woad (indigo plant) and other plants, as a yellow or light brown
sirup. It has a nauseous bitter taste, and decomposes on drying. By
the action of acids, ferments, etc., it breaks down into sugar and
indigo. It is the source of natural indigo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An indigo-forming
substance, found in urine, and other animal fluids, and convertible
into red and blue indigo (<i>urrhodin</i> and <i>uroglaucin</i>).
Chemically, it is indoxyl sulphate of potash,
C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>6</sub>NSO<sub>4</sub>K, and is derived from the
indol formed in the alimentary canal. Called also
<i>uroxanthin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"di*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>indicans</i>,
p. pr. <i>indicare</i>. See <u>Indicate</u>.] <def>Serving to point
out, as a remedy; indicating.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"di*cant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
indicates or points out; as, an <i>indicant</i> of the remedy for a
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Indicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Indicating</u> (?).] [L. <i>indicatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>indicare</i> to indicate; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>dicare</i> to
proclaim; akin to <i>dicere</i> to say. See <u>Diction</u>, and cf.
<u>Indict</u>, <u>Indite</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To point out; to discover; to direct to a
knowledge of; to show; to make known.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That turns and turns to <i>indicate</i><BR>
From what point blows the weather.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To show or manifest by
symptoms; to point to as the proper remedies; as, great prostration
of strength <i>indicates</i> the use of stimulants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To investigate the
condition or power of, as of steam engine, by means of an
indicator.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To show; mark; signify; denote; discover; evidence;
evince; manifest; declare; specify; explain; exhibit; present;
reveal; disclose; display.</p>

<p><hw>In"di*ca`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shown;
denoted; registered; measured.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Indicated power</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Indicated horse
power</i>, under <u>Horse power</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indicatio</i>: cf. F. <i>indication</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of pointing out or
indicating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which serves to indicate or point
out; mark; token; sign; symptom; evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The frequent stops they make in the most convenient
places are plain <i>indications</i> of their weariness.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Discovery made; information.</def>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Explanation; display.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any symptom or occurrence in
a disease, which serves to direct to suitable remedies.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Proof; demonstration; sign; token; mark; evidence;
signal.</p>

<p><hw>In*dic"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indicativus</i>: cf. F. <i>indicatif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pointing out; bringing to notice; giving
intimation or knowledge of something not visible or
obvious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That truth is productive of utility, and utility
<i>indicative</i> of truth, may be thus proved.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>Suggestive;
representing the whole by a part, as a fleet by a ship, a forest by a
tree, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Indicative mood</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>that mood or
form of the verb which indicates, that is, which simply affirms or
denies or inquires; as, he <i>writes</i>; he <i>is not writing</i>;
<i>has</i> the mail <i>arrived</i>?</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*dic"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>The indicative mood.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dic"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
indicative manner; in a way to show or signify.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"di*ca`tor</hw> (&ibreve;n"d&ibreve;*k&amacr;`t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F. <i>indicateur</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, shows or points
out; as, a fare <i>indicator</i> in a street car.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A pressure gauge; a water
gauge, as for a steam boiler; an apparatus or instrument for showing
the working of a machine or moving part</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>An instrument which
draws a diagram showing the varying pressure in the cylinder of an
engine or pump at every point of the stroke. It consists of a small
cylinder communicating with the engine cylinder and fitted with a
piston which the varying pressure drives upward more or less against
the resistance of a spring. A lever imparts motion to a pencil which
traces the diagram on a card wrapped around a vertical drum which is
turned back and forth by a string connected with the piston rod of
the engine. See <i>Indicator card</i> (below).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A telltale connected with a hoisting
machine, to show, at the surface, the position of the cage in the
shaft of a mine, etc.</def></p>

<p><! p. 752 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The part of an instrument
by which an effect is indicated, as an index or pointer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird of the genus
<i>Indicator</i> and allied genera. See <i>Honey guide</i>, under
<u>Honey</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>That which indicates the
condition of acidity, alkalinity, or the deficiency, excess, or
sufficiency of a standard reagent, by causing an appearance,
disappearance, or change of color, as in titration or volumetric
analysis.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common indicators are litmus, trop&aelig;olin, phenol
phthalein, potassic permanganate, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Indicator card</b></col>, <cd>the figure drawn by an
engine indicator, by means of which the working of the engine can be
investigated and its power calculated. The Illustration shows one
form of indicator card, from a steam engine, together with scales by
which the pressure of the steam above or below that of the
atmosphere, corresponding to any position of the engine piston in its
stroke, can be measured. Called also <i>indicator diagram</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Indicator telegraph</b></col>, <cd>a telegraph in which the
signals are the deflections of a magnetic needle, as in the trans-
Atlantic system.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"di*ca*to*ry</hw>
(&ibreve;n"d&ibreve;*k&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to show or make known; showing;
indicative; signifying; implying.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*ca"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Geom.
of Three Dimensions)</i> <def>A certain conic section supposed to be
drawn in the tangent plane to any surface, and used to determine the
accidents of curvature of the surface at the point of contact. The
curve is similar to the intersection of the surface with a parallel
to the tangent plane and indefinitely near it. It is an ellipse when
the curvature is synclastic, and an hyperbola when the curvature is
anticlastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`di*ca"vit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., he has
indicated.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A writ of prohibition against
proceeding in the spiritual court in certain cases, when the suit
belongs to the common-law courts.</def>  <i>Wharton (Law Dict.
).</i></p>

<p><hw>In"dice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>indice</i>
indication, index. See <u>Index</u>.] <def>Index; indication.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"di*ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Index</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In*di"ci*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., pl. of
<i>indicium</i>, fr. <i>index</i> an index.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Discriminating marks; signs; tokens; indications;
appearances.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dic"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Unspeakable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*dic"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indicum</i> indigo + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>indicolithe</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of tourmaline of an indigo-blue
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dict"</hw> (-d&imacr;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Indicted</u> (-
d&imacr;t"&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Indicting</u>.] [OE. <i>enditen</i>. See <u>Indite</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To write; to compose; to dictate; to
indite.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To appoint publicly or by authority; to
proclaim or announce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am told shall have no Lent <i>indicted</i> this
year.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To charge with a crime, in
due form of law, by the finding or presentment of a grand jury; to
find an indictment against; as, to <i>indict</i> a man for arson. It
is the peculiar province of a grand jury to <i>indict</i>, as it is
of a house of representatives to <i>impeach</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dict"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being, or liable to be, indicted; subject to indictment; as, an
<i>indictable</i> offender or offense.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`dict*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
person indicted.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dict"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
indicts.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indictio</i>: cf. F. <i>indiction</i>. See <u>Indict</u>,
<u>Indite</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Declaration; proclamation; public notice
or appointment.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Indiction</i> of a war."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Secular princes did use to indict, or permit the
<i>indiction</i> of, synods of bishops.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cycle of fifteen years.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This mode of reckoning time is said to have been introduced
by Constantine the Great, in connection with the payment of tribute.
It was adopted at various times by the Greek emperors of
Constantinople, the popes, and the parliaments of France. Through the
influence of the popes, it was extensively used in the ecclesiastical
chronology of the Middle Ages. The number of indictions was reckoned
at first from 312 <u>a.  d.</u>, but since the twelfth century it has
been reckoned from the birth of Christ. The papal indiction is the
only one ever used at the present day. To find the indiction and year
of the indiction by the first method, subtract 312 from the given
year <u>a. d.</u>, and divide by 15; by the second method, add 3 to
the given year <u>a. d.</u>, and the divide by 15. In either case,
the quotient is the number of the current indiction, and the
remainder the year of the indiction. See <i>Cycle of indiction</i>,
under <u>Cycle</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*dic"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indictivus</i>. See <u>Indict</u>.] <def>Proclaimed; declared;
public.</def>  <i>Kennet.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dict"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Inditement</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of indicting, or the state of
being indicted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The formal statement of an
offense, as framed by the prosecuting authority of the State, and
found by the grand jury.</def></p>

<p>&fist; To the validity of an indictment a finding by the grand
jury is essential, while an information rests only on presentation by
the prosecuting authority.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An accusation in general; a formal
accusation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of indictment</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bill</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*dict"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who indicts.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"dies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A name
designating the East Indies, also the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our king has all the <i>Indies</i> in his
arms.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dif"fer*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indifferentia</i> similarity, want of difference: cf. F.
<i>indiff&eacute;rence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being indifferent,
or not making a difference; want of sufficient importance to
constitute a difference; absence of weight; insignificance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Passableness; mediocrity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Impartiality; freedom from prejudice,
prepossession, or bias.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . is far from such <i>indifference</i> and
equity as ought and must be in judges which he saith I
assign.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Absence of anxiety or interest in respect
to what is presented to the mind; unconcernedness; as, entire
<i>indifference</i> to all that occurs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Indifference</i> can not but be criminal, when it
is conversant about objects which are so far from being of an
indifferent nature, that they are highest importance.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Carelessness; negligence; unconcern; apathy;
insensibility; coldness; lukewarmness.</p>

<p><hw>In*dif"fer*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence
of interest in, or influence from, anything; unconcernedness;
equilibrium; indifferentism; indifference.</def>
<i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To give ourselves to a detestable <i>indifferency</i>
or neutrality in this cause.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Moral liberty . . . does not, after all, consist in a
power of <i>indifferency</i>, or in a power of choosing without
regard to motives.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dif"fer*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>indiff&eacute;rent</i>, L. <i>indifferens</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Different</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not making a difference; having no
influence or preponderating weight; involving no preference, concern,
or attention; of no account; without significance or
importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dangers are to me <i>indifferent</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Everything in the world is <i>indifferent</i> but
sin.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His slightest and most <i>indifferent</i> acts . . .
were odious in the clergyman's sight.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Neither particularly good, not very bad;
of a middle state or quality; passable; mediocre.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The staterooms are in <i>indifferent</i>
order.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not inclined to one side, party, or choice
more than to another; neutral; impartial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Indifferent</i> in his choice to sleep or
die.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Feeling no interest, anxiety, or care,
respecting anything; unconcerned; inattentive; apathetic; heedless;
as, to be <i>indifferent</i> to the welfare of one's
family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was a law of Solon, that any person who, in the
civil commotions of the republic, remained neuter, or an
<i>indifferent</i> spectator of the contending parties, should be
condemned to perpetual banishment.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Free from bias or prejudice;
impartial; unbiased; disinterested.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In choice of committees for ripening business for the
counsel, it is better to choose <i>indifferent</i> persons than to
make an indifferency by putting in those that are strong on both
sides.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Indifferent tissue</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
primitive, embryonic, undifferentiated tissue, before conversion into
connective, muscular, nervous, or other definite tissue.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*dif"fer*ent</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To a moderate
degree; passably; tolerably.</def> [Obs.] "News <i>indifferent</i>
good."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dif"fer*ent*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>indiff&eacute;rentisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>State of indifference; want of interest or
earnestness; especially, a systematic apathy regarding what is true
or false in religion or philosophy; agnosticism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>indifferentism</i> which equalizes all
religions and gives equal rights to truth and error.</blockquote>
<i>Cardinal Manning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Identism</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A heresy consisting in
an unconcern for any particular creed, provided the morals be right
and good.</def>  <i>Gregory XVI.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dif"fer*ent*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
governed by indifferentism.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dif"fer*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
indifferent manner; without distinction or preference; impartially;
without concern, wish, affection, or aversion; tolerably;
passably.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That they may truly and <i>indifferently</i> minister
justice, to the punishment of wickedness and vice, and to the
maintenance of thy true religion, and virtue.</blockquote> <i>Book of
Com. Prayer [Eng. Ed. ]</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Set honor in one eye and death i' the other,<BR>
And I will look on both <i>indifferently</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I hope it may <i>indifferently</i> entertain your
lordship at an unbending hour.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*ful"vin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Indi</i>can +
L. <i>fulvus</i> reddish yellow.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A reddish
resinous substance, obtained from indican.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*fus"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Indi</i>can +
L. <i>fuscus</i> dusky.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A brown amorphous
powder, obtained from indican.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"di*geen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Indigene</u>.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"di*gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indigentia</i>: cf. F. <i>indigence</i>. See <u>Indigent</u>.]
<def>The condition of being indigent; want of estate, or means of
comfortable subsistence; penury; poverty; as, helpless
<i>indigence</i>.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Poverty; penury; destitution; want; need;
privation; lack. See <u>Poverty</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In"di*gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indigence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>New <i>indigencies</i> founded upon new
desires.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"di*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>indigena</i>:
cf. F. <i>indig&egrave;ne</i>. See <u>Indigenous</u>.] <def>One born
in a country; an aboriginal animal or plant; an autochthon.</def>
<i>Evelyn. Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indigenus</i>, <i>indigena</i>, fr. OL. <i>indu</i> (fr. <i>in</i>
in) + the root of L. <i>gignere</i> to beget, bear. See <u>In</u>,
and <u>Gender</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Native; produced, growing, or living,
naturally in a country or climate; not exotic; not
imported.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Negroes were all transported from Africa and are not
<i>indigenous</i> or proper natives of America.</blockquote> <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In America, cotton, being <i>indigenous</i>, is
cheap.</blockquote> <i>Lion Playas.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Native; inherent; innate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Joy and hope are emotions <i>indigenous</i> to the
human mind.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"di*gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>indigent</i>,
L. <i>indigens</i>, p. p. of <i>indigere</i> to stand in need of, fr.
OL. <i>indu</i> (fr. <i>in-</i> in) + L. <i>egere</i> to be needy, to
need.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting; void; free; destitute; -- used
with <i>of</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of property or means of
comfortable subsistence; needy; poor; in want; necessitous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Indigent</i> faint souls past corporal
toil.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Charity consists in relieving the
<i>indigent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"di*gent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an indigent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*gest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indigestus</i> unarranged. See <u>Indigested</u>.] <def>Crude;
unformed; unorganized; undigested.</def> [Obs.] "A chaos rude and
<i>indigest</i>." <i>W. Browne.</i> "Monsters and things
<i>indigest</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*gest"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
indigested.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*gest"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> not
+ <i>digested</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not digested; undigested.</def>
"<i>Indigested</i> food."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not resolved; not regularly disposed and
arranged; not methodical; crude; as, an <i>indigested</i> array of
facts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In hot reformations . . . the whole is generally
crude, harsh, and <i>indigested</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This, like an <i>indigested</i> meteor, appeared and
disappeared almost at the same time.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not in a
state suitable for healing; -- said of wounds.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not ripened or suppurated; -- said of an
abscess or its contents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not softened by heat, hot water, or
steam.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*gest"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being undigested; crudeness.</def>  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*di*gest`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being indigestible; indigestibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*gest"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indigestibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>indigestible</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Digest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not digestible; not readily soluble in the
digestive juices; not easily convertible into products fitted for
absorption.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not digestible in the mind; distressful;
intolerable; as, an <i>indigestible</i> simile.</def>  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`di*gest"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`di*gest"i*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`di*ges"tion</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indigestio</i>: cf. F. <i>indigestion</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Digest</u>.] <def>Lack of proper digestive action; a failure of
the normal changes which food should undergo in the alimentary canal;
dyspepsia; incomplete or difficult digestion.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dig"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> in + L. <i>digitus</i> finger.] <def>To communicate ideas by the
fingers; to show or compute by the fingers.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*dig"i*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Indigitated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Indigitating</u> (?).] <def>To point out with the
finger; to indicate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The depressing this finger, . . . in the right hand
<i>indigitates</i> six hundred.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dig`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of pointing out as with the finger; indication.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*glu"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Indi</i>can +
<i>glucin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The variety of sugar (glucose)
obtained from the glucoside indican. It is unfermentable, but reduces
Fehling's solution.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>indignus</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>dignus</i> worthy: cf. F. <i>indigne</i>.
See <u>Dignity</u>.] <def>Unworthy; undeserving; disgraceful;
degrading.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Counts it scorn to draw<BR>
Comfort <i>indign</i> from any meaner thing.</blockquote>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*dig"nance</hw> (?), <hw>In*dig"nan*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Indignation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dig"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indignans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>indignari</i> to be
indignant, disdain. See <u>Indign</u>.] <def>Affected with
indignation; wrathful; passionate; irate; feeling wrath, as when a
person is exasperated by unworthy or unjust treatment, by a mean
action, or by a degrading accusation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He strides <i>indignant</i>, and with haughty
cries<BR>
To single fight the fairy prince defies.</blockquote>
<i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dig"nant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
indignant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`dig*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>indignation</i>, L. <i>indignatio</i>. See <u>Indign</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The feeling excited by that which is
unworthy, base, or disgraceful; anger mingled with contempt, disgust,
or abhorrence.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Indignation</i> expresses a strong and elevated
disapprobation of mind, which is also inspired by something
flagitious in the conduct of another.</blockquote> <i>Cogan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When Haman saw Mordecai in the king's gate, that he
stood not up, nor moved for him, he was full of <i>indignation</i>
against Mordecai.</blockquote> <i>Esther v. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The effect of anger; punishment.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hide thyself . . . until the <i>indignation</i> be
overpast.</blockquote> <i>Is. xxvi. 20.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Anger; ire wrath; fury; rage. See <u>Anger</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*dig"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indignus</i> unworthy + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To treat disdainfully or
with indignity; to contemn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dig"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Indignities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>indignitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>indignit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Indign</u>.] <def>Any action toward
another which manifests contempt for him; an offense against personal
dignity; unmerited contemptuous treatment; contumely; incivility or
injury, accompanied with insult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How might a prince of my great hopes forget<BR>
So great <i>indignities</i> you laid upon me?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A person of so great place and worth constrained to
endure so foul <i>indignities</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dign"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Unworthily.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In"di*go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Indigoes</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>indigo</i>, Sp. <i>indigo</i>,
<i>indico</i>, L. <i>indicum</i> indigo, fr. <i>Indicus</i> Indian.
See <u>Indian</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of deep blue, one of the seven
prismatic colors.</def></p>

<p><! p. 753 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A blue dyestuff obtained
from several plants belonging to very different genera and orders;
as, the woad, <i>Isatis tinctoria</i>, <i>Indigofera tinctoria</i>,
<i>I. Anil</i>, <i>Nereum tinctorium</i>, etc. It is a dark blue
earthy substance, tasteless and odorless, with a copper-violet luster
when rubbed. Indigo does not exist in the plants as such, but is
obtained by decomposition of the glycoside indican.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Commercial indigo contains the essential coloring principle
<i>indigo blue</i> or <i>indigotine</i>, with several other dyes; as,
<i>indigo red</i>, <i>indigo brown</i>, etc., and various impurities.
Indigo is insoluble in ordinary reagents, with the exception of
strong sulphuric acid.</p>

<p><col><b>Chinese indigo</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd><i>Isatis
indigotica</i>, a kind of woad.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild indigo</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the American herb <i>Baptisia tinctoria</i> which
yields a poor quality of indigo, as do several other species of the
same genus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"di*go</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the color
of, pertaining to, or derived from, indigo.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Indigo berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the fruit of the
West Indian shrub <i>Randia aculeata</i>, used as a blue dye.</cd> --
<col><b>Indigo bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small North
American finch (<i>Cyanospiza cyanea</i>). The male is indigo blue in
color. Called also <i>indigo bunting</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indigo
blue</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The essential coloring
material of commercial indigo, from which it is obtained as a dark
blue earthy powder, with a reddish luster,
C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>10</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, which may be
crystallized by sublimation. Indigo blue is also made from artificial
amido cinnamic acid, and from artificial isatine; and these methods
are of great commercial importance. Called also
<i>indigotin</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A dark, dull blue
color like the indigo of commerce.</cd> -- <col><b>Indigo
brown</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a brown resinous substance found
in crude indigo.</cd> -- <col><b>Indigo copper</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>covellite.</cd> -- <col><b>Indigo green</b></col>,
<cd>a green obtained from indigo.</cd> -- <col><b>Indigo
plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leguminous plant of several
species (genus <i>Indigofera</i>), from which indigo is prepared. The
different varieties are natives of Asia, Africa, and America. Several
species are cultivated, of which the most important are the <i>I.
tinctoria</i>, or common indigo plant, the <i>I. Anil</i>, a larger
species, and the <i>I. disperma</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indigo
purple</b></col>, <cd>a purple obtained from indigo.</cd> --
<col><b>Indigo red</b></col>, <cd>a dyestuff, isomeric with indigo
blue, obtained from crude indigo as a dark brown amorphous
powder.</cd> -- <col><b>Indigo snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the gopher snake.</cd> -- <col><b>Indigo white</b></col>, <cd>a
white crystalline powder obtained by reduction from indigo blue, and
by oxidation easily changed back to it; -- called also
<i>indigogen</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indigo yellow</b></col>, <cd>a
substance obtained from indigo.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||In`di*gof"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from E.
<i>indigo</i> + L. <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of leguminous plants having many species, mostly in tropical
countries, several of them yielding indigo, esp. <i>Indigofera
tinctoria</i>, and <i>I. Anil</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"di*go*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Indigo</i> +
<i>-gen</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <i>Indigo white</i>,
under <u>Indigo</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Indican</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*gom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Indigo</i>
+ <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for ascertaining the strength of
an indigo solution, as in volumetric analysis.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*gom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
method of determining the coloring power of indigo.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*got"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>indigotique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived
from, indigo; as, <i>indigotic</i> acid, which is also called
<i>anilic</i> or <i>nitrosalicylic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"di*go*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <i>Indigo blue</i>, under <u>Indigo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`dig*ru"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Indigo</i> +
L. <i>ruber</i> red.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Urrhodin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*hu"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Indi</i>can +
<i>humin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A brown amorphous substance
resembling humin, and obtained from indican.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dil"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
dilatory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*dil"i*gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indiligentia</i>: cf. F. <i>indiligence</i>.] <def>Want of
diligence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dil"i*gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indiligens</i>: cf. F. <i>indiligent</i>. See <u>Diligent</u>.]
<def>Not diligent; idle; slothful.</def> [Obs.] <i>Feltham.</i> --
<wf>In*dil"i*gent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`di*min"ish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incapable of being diminished.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Indigo</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A dark red crystalline substance, isomeric with
and resembling indigo blue, and obtained from isatide and
dioxindol.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*rect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>direct</i>: cf. F. <i>indirect</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not direct; not straight or rectilinear;
deviating from a direct line or course; circuitous; as, an
<i>indirect</i> road.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not tending to an aim, purpose, or result
by the plainest course, or by obvious means, but obliquely or
consequentially; by remote means; as, an <i>indirect</i> accusation,
attack, answer, or proposal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By what bypaths and <i>indirect</i>, crooked ways<BR>
I met this crown.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not straightforward or upright; unfair;
dishonest; tending to mislead or deceive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Indirect</i> dealing will be discovered one time or
other.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not resulting directly from an act or
cause, but more or less remotely connected with or growing out of it;
as, <i>indirect</i> results, damages, or claims.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Logic &amp; Math.)</i> <def>Not reaching the
end aimed at by the most plain and direct method; as, an
<i>indirect</i> proof, demonstration, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Indirect claims</b></col>, <cd>claims for remote or
consequential damage. Such claims were presented to and thrown out by
the commissioners who arbitrated the damage inflicted on the United
States by the Confederate States cruisers built and supplied by Great
Britain.</cd> -- <col><b>Indirect demonstration</b></col>, <cd>a mode
of demonstration in which proof is given by showing that any other
supposition involves an absurdity (<i>reductio ad absurdum</i>), or
an impossibility; thus, one quantity may be proved equal to another
by showing that it can be neither greater nor less.</cd> --
<col><b>Indirect discourse</b></col>. <i>(Gram.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Direct discourse</i>, under <u>Direct</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Indirect evidence</b></col>, <cd>evidence or testimony which
is circumstantial or inferential, but without witness; -- opposed to
<i>direct evidence</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indirect tax</b></col>, <cd>a
tax, such as customs, excises, etc., exacted directly from the
merchant, but paid indirectly by the consumer in the higher price
demanded for the articles of merchandise.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`di*rect"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not directed;
aimless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`di*rec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>indirection</i>.] <def>Oblique course or means; dishonest
practices; indirectness.</def> "By <i>indirections</i> find
directions out."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*rect"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
direct manner; not in a straight line or course; not in express
terms; obliquely; not by direct means; hence, unfairly;
wrongly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To tax it <i>indirectly</i> by taxing their
expense.</blockquote> <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your crown and kingdom <i>indirectly</i>
held.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*rect"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being indirect; obliquity; deviousness;
crookedness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deviation from an upright or
straightforward course; unfairness; dishonesty.</def>  <i>W.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*re"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Indi</i>an +
Gr. &?; resin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A dark brown resinous substance
obtained from indican.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*ru"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Indi</i>go +
L. <i>ruber</i> red.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance isomeric with,
and resembling, indigo blue, and accompanying it as a side product,
in its artificial production.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*cern"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>discernible</i>: cf. F. <i>indiscernable</i>.] <def>Not
to be discerned; imperceptible; not discoverable or
visible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Secret and <i>indiscernible</i> ways.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`dis*cern"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`dis*cern"i*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`dis*cerp`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?),
<hw>In`dis*cerp`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being indiscerpible.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`dis*cerp"i*ble</hw> (?), <hw>In`dis*cerp"ti*ble</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not discerpible; inseparable.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Bp. Butler.</i> -- <wf>In`dis*cerp"i*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <wf>In`dis*cerp"ti*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] -- <wf>In`dis*cerp"ti*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*dis"ci*plin*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>disciplinable</i>: cf. F.
<i>indisciplinable</i>.] <def>Not disciplinable;
undisciplinable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*dis"ci*pline</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indisplina</i>: cf. F. <i>indiscipline</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Discipline</u>.] <def>Want of discipline or instruction.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`dis*cov"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
discoverable; undiscoverable.</def>  <i>J. Conybeare.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*cov"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
discovery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`dis*creet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>indiscret</i>, F. <i>indiscret</i>, fr. L. <i>indiscretus</i>
unseparated, indiscreet. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Discreet</u>, and
cf. <u>Indiscrete</u>.] <def>Not discreet; wanting in
discretion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So drunken, and so <i>indiscreet</i> an
officer.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Imprudent; injudicious; inconsiderate; rash; hasty;
incautious; heedless; undiscerning; foolish.</p>

<p>-- <wf>In`dis*creet"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`dis*creet"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*crete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indiscretus</i> unseparated. See <u>Indiscreet</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Indiscreet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not discrete or separated; compact;
homogenous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>indiscrete</i> mass of confused
matter.</blockquote> <i>Pownall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*cre"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>discretion</i>: cf. F. <i>indiscr&eacute;tion</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being indiscreet;
want of discretion; imprudence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An indiscreet act; indiscreet
behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Past <i>indiscretion</i> is a venial
crime.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*crim"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
discriminate; wanting discrimination; undistinguishing; not making
any distinction; confused; promiscuous.</def> "Blind or
<i>indiscriminate</i> forgiveness."  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>indiscriminate</i> defense of right and
wrong.</blockquote> <i>Junius.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`dis*crim"i*nate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*crim"i*na`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
discriminating.</def> -- <wf>In`dis*crim"i*na`ting*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*crim`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want
of discrimination or distinction; impartiality.</def>
<i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*crim"i*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Making no distinction; not discriminating.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*cussed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>discuss</i>: cf. L. <i>indiscussus</i>.] <def>Not
discussed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*pen`sa*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>indispensabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Indispensableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*pen"sa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>dispensable</i>: cf. F. <i>indispensable</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not dispensable; impossible to be omitted,
remitted, or spared; absolutely necessary or requisite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Not admitting dispensation;
not subject to release or exemption.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The law was moral and
<i>indispensable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unavoidable; inevitable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*pen"sa*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being indispensable, or absolutely
necessary.</def>  <i>S. Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*pen"sa*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
indispensable manner.</def> "<i>Indispensably</i> necessary."  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*persed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
dispersed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`dis*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Indisposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Indisposing</u>.] [OE. <i>indispos</i> indisposed,
feeble, or F. <i>indispos&eacute;</i> indisposed. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Dispose</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render unfit or unsuited; to
disqualify.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disorder slightly as regards health; to
make somewhat.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It made him rather <i>indisposed</i> than
sick.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To disincline; to render averse or
unfavorable; as, a love of pleasure <i>indisposes</i> the mind to
severe study; the pride and selfishness of men <i>indispose</i> them
to religious duties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king was sufficiently <i>indisposed</i> towards
the persons, or the principles, of Calvin's disciples.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*pos"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition or quality of being indisposed.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dis`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>indisposition</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being indisposed;
disinclination; as, the <i>indisposition</i> of two substances to
combine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A general <i>indisposition</i> towards
believing.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slight disorder or illness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rather as an <i>indisposition</i> in health than as
any set sickness.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dis`pu*ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>indisputabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Indisputableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dis"pu*ta*ble</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>disputable</i>: cf. F. <i>indisputable</i>.]
<def>Not disputable; incontrovertible; too evident to admit of
dispute.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Incontestable; unquestionable; incontrovertible;
undeniable; irrefragable; certain; positive; undoubted; sure;
infallible.</p>

<p>-- <wf>In*dis"pu*ta*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*dis"pu*ta*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*put"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Undisputed.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dis"si*pa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
o&?; being dissipated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dis`so*lu*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>indissolubilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
indissoluble.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dis"so*lu*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indissolubilis</i>: cf. F. <i>indissoluble</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Dissoluble</u>, and cf. <u>Indissolvable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not dissoluble; not capable of being
dissolved, melted, or liquefied; insoluble; as, few substances are
<i>indissoluble</i> by heat, but many are <i>indissoluble</i> in
water.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being rightfully broken or
dissolved; perpetually binding or obligatory; firm; stable, as, an
<i>indissoluble</i> league or covenant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the which my duties<BR>
Are with a most <i>indissoluble</i> tie<BR>
Forever knit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dis"so*lu*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indissolubility.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dis"so*lu*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
indissoluble manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On they move, <i>indissolubly</i> firm.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*solv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>dissolvable</i>.  Cf. <u>Indissoluble</u>.] <def>Not
dissolvable; incapable of being dissolved or separated; incapable of
separation; perpetually firm and binding; indissoluble; as, an
<i>indissolvable</i> bond of union.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*solv"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indissolubleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dis"tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
distance or separation; nearness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*tinct"</hw> (&ibreve;n`d&ibreve;s*t&ibreve;&nsm;kt"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>indistinctus</i>: cf. F.
<i>indistinct</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Distinct</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not distinct or distinguishable; not
separate in such a manner as to be perceptible by itself; as, the
<i>indistinct</i> parts of a substance.</def> "<i>Indistinct</i> as
water is in water."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obscure to the mind or senses; not clear;
not definite; confused; imperfect; faint; as, <i>indistinct</i>
vision; an <i>indistinct</i> sound; an <i>indistinct</i> idea or
recollection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When we come to parts too small four our senses, our
ideas of these little bodies become obscure and
<i>indistinct</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their views, indeed, are <i>indistinct</i> and
dim.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Undefined; indistinguishable; obscure; indefinite;
vague; ambiguous; uncertain; confused.</p>

<p><hw>In`dis*tinc"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indistinguishable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*tinc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>indistinction</i>.] <def>Want of distinction or
distinguishableness; confusion; uncertainty;
indiscrimination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>indistinction</i> of many of the same name . .
. hath made some doubt.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>indistinction</i> of all persons, or equality of
all orders, is far from being agreeable to the will of
God.</blockquote> <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*tinc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
nothing distinctive; common.</def> -- <wf>In`dis*tinc"tive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*tinct"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
indistinct manner; not clearly; confusedly; dimly; as, certain ideas
are <i>indistinctly</i> comprehended.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In its sides it was bounded distinctly, but on its
ends confusedly and <i>indistinctly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*tinct"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or condition of being indistinct; want of definiteness; dimness;
confusion; as, the <i>indistinctness</i> of a picture, or of
comprehension; <i>indistinctness</i> of vision.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*tin"guish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
distinguishable; not capable of being perceived, known, or
discriminated as separate and distinct; hence, not capable of being
perceived or known; as, in the distance the flagship was
<i>indisguishable</i>; the two copies were <i>indisguishable</i> in
form or color; the difference between them was
<i>indisguishable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*tin"guish*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
indistinguishable manner.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*tin"guished</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indistinct.</def> [R.] "That <i>indistinguished</i> mass."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*tin"guish*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Making no difference; indiscriminative; impartial; as,
<i>indistinguishing</i> liberalities.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dis*turb"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Freedom
from disturbance; calmness; repose; apathy; indifference.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ditch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bury in,
or cast into, a ditch.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Indited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inditing</u>.] [OE. <i>enditen</i> to indite, indict, OF.
<i>enditer</i> to indicate, show, dictate, write, inform, and
<i>endicter</i> to accuse; both fr. LL. <i>indictare</i> to show, to
accuse, fr. L. <i>indicere</i> to proclaim, announce; pref. <i>in-
</i> in + <i>dicere</i> to say. The word was influenced also by L.
<i>indicare</i> to indicate, and by <i>dictare</i> to dictate. See
<u>Diction</u>, and cf. <u>Indict</u>, <u>Indicate</u>,
<u>Dictate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To compose; to write; to be author of; to
dictate; to prompt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My heart is <i>inditing</i> a good
matter.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xlv. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Could a common grief have <i>indited</i> such
expressions?</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hear how learned Greece her useful rules
<i>indites</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To invite or ask.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She will <i>indite</i> him to some
supper.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To indict; to accuse; to censure.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dite"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To compose; to
write, as a poem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wounded I sing, tormented I
<i>indite</i>.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dite"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Indictment</u>.] <def>The act of inditing.</def>
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dit"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
indites.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Indigo</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element,
discovered in certain ores of zinc, by means of its characteristic
spectrum of two indigo blue lines; hence, its name. In appearance it
resembles zinc, being white or lead gray, soft, malleable and easily
fusible, but in its chemical relation it resembles aluminium or
gallium. Symbol In. Atomic weight, 113.4.</def></p>

<p><! p. 754 !></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vert"i*ble</hw>
(&ibreve;n`d&ibreve;*v&etilde;rt"&ibreve;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Not to be diverted or turned aside.</def> [R.]  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indivisible.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Undivided.</def>
[R.]  <i>Bp. Patrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid"u*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>individuus</i> indivisible; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>dividuus</i>
divisible, fr. <i>dividere</i> to divide: cf. F. <i>individuel</i>.
See <u>Divide</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not divided, or not to be divided;
existing as one entity, or distinct being or object; single; one; as,
an <i>individual</i> man, animal, or city.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mind has a being of its own, distinct from that of all
other things, and is pure, unmingled, <i>individual</i>
substance.</blockquote> <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>United as one <i>individual</i> soul.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to one only; peculiar to,
or characteristic of, a single person or thing; distinctive; as,
<i>individual</i> traits of character; <i>individual</i> exertions;
<i>individual</i> peculiarities.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid"u*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A single person, animal, or thing of any kind; a thing or being
incapable of separation or division, without losing its identity;
especially, a human being; a person.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An object which is in the strict and primary sense
one, and can not be logically divided, is called an
<i>individual</i>.</blockquote> <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>individuals</i> die, his will
ordains.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
independent, or partially independent, zooid of a compound
animal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The product of a single egg,
whether it remains a single animal or becomes compound by budding or
fission.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid"u*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>individualisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being individual;
individuality; personality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An excessive or exclusive regard to one's
personal interest; self-interest; selfishness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The selfishness of the small proprietor has been
described by the best writers as <i>individualism</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid`u*al*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to the individual or individualism.</def>  <i>London
Athen&aelig;um.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid`u*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Individualities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>individualit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being individual
or constituting an individual; separate or distinct existence;
oneness; unity.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They possess separate
<i>individualities</i>.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The character or property appropriate or
peculiar to an individual; that quality which distinguishes one
person or thing from another; the sum of characteristic traits;
distinctive character; as, he is a person of marked
<i>individuality</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid`u*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>individualization</i>.] <def>The act of individualizing; the
state of being individualized; individuation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid"u*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Individualized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Individualizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>individualiser</i>.] <def>To mark as an individual, or to
distinguish from others by peculiar properties; to invest with
individuality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The peculiarities which <i>individualize</i> and
distinguish the humor of Addison.</blockquote> <i>N. Drake.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid"u*al*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who individualizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid"u*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an individual manner or relation; as
individuals; separately; each by itself.</def> "<i>Individually</i>
or collectively."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How should that subsist solitarily by itself which
hath no substance, but <i>individually</i> the very same whereby
others subsist with it?</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In an inseparable manner; inseparably;
incommunicably; indivisibly; as, <i>individually</i> the
same.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Omniscience], an attribute <i>individually</i> proper
to the Godhead.</blockquote> <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Individual</u>.] <def>Undivided.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Individuated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Individuating</u>.] <def>To distinguish
from others of the species; to endow with individuality; to divide
into individuals; to discriminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul, as the prime <i>individuating</i> principle,
and the said reserved portion of matter as an essential and radical
part of the individuation, shall . . . make up and restore the same
individual person.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Life is <i>individuated</i> into infinite numbers,
that have their distinct sense and pleasure.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>individuation</i>.] <def>The act of individuating or state of
being individuated; individualization.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid"u*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, individuates.</def>  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vi*du"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>individuitas</i>.] <def>Separate existence; individuality;
oneness.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>divinity</i>: cf. F. <i>indivinit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Want or absence of divine power or of divinity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vis`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>indivisibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or property of being
indivisible or inseparable; inseparability.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vis"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indivisibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>indivisible</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Divisible</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not divisible; incapable of being divided,
separated, or broken; not separable into parts.</def> "One
<i>indivisible</i> point of time."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Not capable of exact
division, as one quantity by another; incommensurable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vis"i*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is indivisible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By atom, nobody will imagine we intend to express a
perfect <i>indivisible</i>, but only the least sort of natural
bodies.</blockquote> <i>Digby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>An infinitely small
quantity which is assumed to admit of no further division.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Method of indivisibles</b></col>, <cd>a kind of calculus,
formerly in use, in which lines were considered as made up of an
infinite number of points; surfaces, as made up of an infinite number
of lines; and volumes, as made up of an infinite number of
surfaces.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vis"i*ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being indivisible; indivisibility.</def>  <i>W.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vis"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
indivisible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>division</i>: cf. F. <i>indivision</i>, LL.
<i>indivisio</i>.] <def>A state of being not divided; oneness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"do-</hw> (?). [From L. <i>Indus</i> East Indian.] <def>A
prefix signifying <i>Indian</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, East Indian); of or
pertaining of India.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`do*an"i*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ind</i>igo
+ <i>aniline</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of
artificial blue dyes, in appearance resembling indigo, for which they
are often used as substitutes.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`do-Brit"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Indo-</i> +
<i>Briton</i>.] <def>A person born in India, of mixed Indian and
British blood; a half-caste.</def>  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`do-Chi*nese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Indo-</i> +
<i>Chinese</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Indo-China (<i>i. e.</i>,
Farther India, or India beyond the Ganges).</def></p>

<p><hw>In*doc`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being indocible; indocibleness; indocility.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*doc"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indocibilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Docible</u>.]
<def>Incapable of being taught, or not easily instructed; dull in
intellect; intractable; unteachable; indocile.</def> <i>Bp. Hall.</i>
-- <wf>In*doc"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*doc"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indocilis</i>: cf. F. <i>indocile</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Docile</u>.] <def>Not teachable; indisposed to be taught, trained,
or disciplined; not easily instructed or governed; dull;
intractable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`do*cil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indocilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>indocilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being indocile; dullness of intellect;
unteachableness; intractableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stiffness and <i>indocility</i> of the
Pharisees.</blockquote> <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*doc"tri*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Indoctrinated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Indoctrinating</u>.] [Pref. <i>in-</i> in +
L. <i>doctrina</i> doctrine: cf. F. <i>endoctriner</i>.] <def>To
instruct in the rudiments or principles of learning, or of a branch
of learning; to imbue with learning; to instruct in, or imbue with,
principles or doctrines; to teach; -- often followed by
<i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A master that . . . took much delight in
<i>indoctrinating</i> his young, unexperienced favorite.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*doc`tri*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of indoctrinating, or the condition of being indoctrinated;
instruction in the rudiments and principles of any science or system
of belief; information.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`do-Eng"lish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Indo-</i> +
<i>English</i>.] <def>Of or relating to the English who are born or
reside in India; Anglo-Indian.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`do-Eu`ro*pe"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Aryan; -
- applied to the languages of India and Europe which are derived from
the prehistoric Aryan language; also, pertaining to the people or
nations who speak these languages; as, the <i>Indo-European</i> or
Aryan family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The common origin of the <i>Indo-European</i>
nations.</blockquote> <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"do*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ind</i>igo + <i>-
gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A complex, nitrogenous radical,
C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>5</sub>NO, regarded as the essential nucleus of
indigo.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"do*gen*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any one of the derivatives of indogen, which contain that group
as a nucleus.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`do-Ger*man"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Indo-</i>
+ <i>Germanic</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Aryan</u>, and <u>Indo-
European</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to or denoting the Teutonic
family of languages as related to the Sanskrit, or derived from the
ancient Aryan language.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"do*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
substance resembling indigo blue, obtained artificially from certain
isatogen compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"dol</hw> (&ibreve;n"d&omacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Ind</i>igo + <i>-ol</i> of <i>phenol</i>.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline substance,
C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>7</sub>N, obtained from blue indigo, and almost
all indigo derivatives, by a process of reduction. It is also formed
from albuminous matter, together with skatol, by putrefaction, and by
fusion with caustic potash, and is present in human excrement, as
well as in the intestinal canal of some herbivora.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"do*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indolentia</i> freedom from pain: cf. F. <i>indolence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from that which pains, or
harasses, as toil, care, grief, etc.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have ease, if it may not rather be called
<i>indolence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hough.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or condition of being
indolent; inaction, or want of exertion of body or mind, proceeding
from love of ease or aversion to toil; habitual idleness;
indisposition to labor; laziness; sloth; inactivity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Life spent in <i>indolence</i>, and therefore
sad.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As there is a great truth wrapped up in "diligence,"
what a lie, on the other hand, lurks at the root of our present use
of the word "<i>indolence</i>"! This is from "in" and "doleo," not to
grieve; and <i>indolence</i> is thus a state in which we have no
grief or pain; so that the word, as we now employ it, seems to affirm
that indulgence in sloth and ease is that which would constitute for
us the absence of all pain.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"do*len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indolence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"do*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + L. <i>dolens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>dolere</i> to
feel pain: cf. F. <i>indolent</i>. See <u>Dolorous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from toil, pain, or trouble.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indulging in ease; avoiding labor and
exertion; habitually idle; lazy; inactive; as, an <i>indolent</i>
man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To waste long nights in <i>indolent</i>
repose.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Causing little or no pain or
annoyance; as, an <i>indolent</i> tumor.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Idle; lazy; slothful; sluggish; listless; inactive;
inert. See <u>Idle</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In"do*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an indolent
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Calm and serene you <i>indolently</i>
sit.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In"do*les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.  Cf.
<u>Adolescence</u>.] <def>Natural disposition; natural quality or
abilities.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"do*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Indol</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A dark resinous substance, polymeric with indol,
and obtained by the reduction of indigo white.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dom"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indomabilis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>domabilis</i> tamable.]
<def>Indomitable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*dom"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indomitabilis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>domitare</i>, intens.
fr. <i>domare</i> to tame. See <u>Tame</u>.] <def>Not to be subdued;
untamable; invincible; as, an <i>indomitable</i> will, courage,
animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dom"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indomitus</i>.] <def>Not tamed; untamed; savage; wild.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>J. Salkeld.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*domp"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>indomptable</i>, L. <i>indomitabilis</i>.] <def>Indomitable.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"door`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Done or being
within doors; within a house or institution; domestic; as,
<i>indoor</i> work.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"doors`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Within the
house; -- usually separated, <i>in doors</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`do*phe"nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ind</i>igo +
<i>phenol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of artificial
blue dyestuffs, resembling indigo in appearance, and obtained by the
action of phenol on certain nitrogenous derivatives of quinone.
Simple indophenol proper has not yet been isolated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dors"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being indorsed; transferable; convertible.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`dor*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indorsement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*dorse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Indorsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Indorsing</u>.] [LL. <i>indorsare</i>. See <u>Endorse</u>.]
[Written also <i>endorse</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover the back of; to load or
burden.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Elephants <i>indorsed</i> with towers.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To write upon the back or outside of a
paper or letter, as a direction, heading, memorandum, or
address.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law &amp; Com.)</i> <def>To write one's name,
alone or with other words, upon the back of (a paper), for the
purpose of transferring it, or to secure the payment of a note,
draft, or the like; to guarantee the payment, fulfillment,
performance, or validity of, or to certify something upon the back of
(a check, draft, writ, warrant of arrest, etc.).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give one's name or support to; to
sanction; to aid by approval; to approve; as, to <i>indorse</i> an
opinion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To indorse in blank</b></col>, <cd>to write one's name on
the back of a note or bill, leaving a blank to be filled by the
holder.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*dorsed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>See <u>Addorsed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`dor*see"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The person to
whom a note or bill is indorsed, or assigned by
indorsement.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dorse"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Indorse</u>; cf. <u>Endorsement</u>.] [Written also
<i>endorsement</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of writing on the back of a note,
bill, or other written instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is written on the back of a
note, bill, or other paper, as a name, an order for, or a receipt of,
payment, or the return of an officer, etc.; a writing, usually upon
the back, but sometimes on the face, of a negotiable instrument, by
which the property therein is assigned and transferred.</def>
<i>Story. Byles. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sanction, support, or approval; as, the
<i>indorsement</i> of a rumor, an opinion, a course,
conduct.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blank indorsement</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Blank</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*dors"er</hw> (?), <hw>In*dors"or</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The person who indorses.</def> [Written
also <i>endorser</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>In*dow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Endow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dow"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Endowment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dox"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ind</i>igo +
<i>hydroxyl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous substance,
C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO, isomeric with oxindol, obtained as an
oily liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`dox*yl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to, or producing, indoxyl; as, <i>indoxylic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"draught`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An opening from the sea into the land; an inlet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A draught of air or flow of water setting
inward.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"drawn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drawn
in.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*drench"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To overwhelm
with water; to drench; to drown.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In"dris</hw> (?), <hw>In"dri</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any lemurine animal of
the genus <i>Indris</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Several species are known, all of them natives of
Madagascar, as the diadem indris (<i>I. diadema</i>), which has a
white ruff around the forehead; the woolly indris (<i>I.
laniger</i>); and the short-tailed or black indris (<i>I.
brevicaudatus</i>), which is black, varied with gray.</p>

<p><hw>In*du"bi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indubius</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Dubious</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not dubious or doubtful;
certain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not doubting; unsuspecting.</def>
"<i>Indubious</i> confidence."  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*du"bi*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indubitabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>indubitable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Dubitable</u>.] <def>Not dubitable or doubtful; too evident to
admit of doubt; unquestionable; evident; apparently certain; as, an
<i>indubitable</i> conclusion.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>That which is indubitable.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unquestionable; evident; incontrovertible;
incontestable; undeniable; irrefragable.</p>

<p><hw>In*du"bi*ta*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being indubitable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*du"bi*ta*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Undoubtedly;
unquestionably; in a manner to remove all doubt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oracles <i>indubitably</i> clear and infallibly
certain.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*du"bi*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indubitatus</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>dubitatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>dubitare</i> to doubt.] <def>Not questioned or doubtful; evident;
certain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*du"bi*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indubitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>indubitare</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>dubitare</i> to doubt.] <def>To bring into doubt; to cause to be
doubted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To conceal, or <i>indubitate</i>, his
exigency.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Induced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inducing</u> (?).] [L. <i>inducere</i>, <i>inductum</i>; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>ducere</i> to lead. See <u>Duke</u>, and cf.
<u>Induct</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lead in; to introduce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The poet may be seen <i>inducing</i> his personages in
the first Iliad.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><! p. 755 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw on; to overspread.</def> [A
Latinism]  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lead on; to influence; to prevail on;
to incite; to move by persuasion or influence.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is not obliged by your offer to do it, . . . though
he may be <i>induced</i>, persuaded, prevailed upon,
tempted.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not the covetous desire of growing rich
<i>induce</i> you to ruin your reputation.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bring on; to effect; to cause; as, a
fever <i>induced</i> by fatigue or exposure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sour things <i>induces</i> a contraction in the
nerves.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>To produce, or cause, by
proximity without contact or transmission, as a particular electric
or magnetic condition in a body, by the approach of another body in
an opposite electric or magnetic state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>To generalize or conclude
as an inference from all the particulars; -- the opposite of
<i>deduce</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To move; instigate; urge; impel; incite; press;
influence; actuate.</p>

<p><hw>In*duce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Induce</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inducing, or the state of being
induced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which induces; a motive or
consideration that leads one to action or induces one to act; as,
reward is an <i>inducement</i> to toil.</def> "Mark the
<i>inducement</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Matter stated by way of
explanatory preamble or introduction to the main allegations of a
pleading; a leading to.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Motive; reason; influence. See <u>Motive</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*du"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, induces or incites.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*du"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being induced, caused, or made to take
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obtainable by induction; derivable;
inferable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*duct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inducted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inducting</u>.] [L. <i>inductus</i>, p. p. of <i>inducere</i>. See
<u>Induce</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring in; to introduce; to usher
in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The independent orator <i>inducting</i> himself
without further ceremony into the pulpit.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To introduce, as to a benefice or office;
to put in actual possession of the temporal rights of an
ecclesiastical living, or of any other office, with the customary
forms and ceremonies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The prior, when <i>inducted</i> into that dignity,
took an oath not to alienate any of their lands.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*duc"te*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Rendered electro-polar by induction, or brought into the
opposite electrical state by the influence of inductive
bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*duc"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>ductile</i>: cf. F. <i>inductile</i>.] <def>Not ductile;
incapable of being drawn into threads, as a metal; inelastic;
tough.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`duc*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inductile.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inductio</i>: cf. F. <i>induction</i>. See <u>Induct</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of inducting or
bringing in; introduction; entrance; beginning;
commencement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know not you; nor am I well pleased to make this
time, as the affair now stands, the <i>induction</i> of your
acquaintance.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These promises are fair, the parties sure,<BR>
And our <i>induction</i> dull of prosperous hope.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An introduction or introductory scene, as
to a play; a preface; a prologue.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This is but an <i>induction</i>: I will draw<BR>
The curtains of the tragedy hereafter.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The act or process of
reasoning from a part to a whole, from particulars to generals, or
from the individual to the universal; also, the result or inference
so reached.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Induction</i> is an inference drawn from all the
particulars.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Induction</i> is the process by which we conclude
that what is true of certain individuals of a class, is true of the
whole class, or that what is true at certain times will be true in
similar circumstances at all times.</blockquote> <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The introduction of a clergyman into a
benefice, or of an official into a office, with appropriate acts or
ceremonies; the giving actual possession of an ecclesiastical living
or its temporalities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A process of demonstration
in which a general truth is gathered from an examination of
particular cases, one of which is known to be true, the examination
being so conducted that each case is made to depend on the preceding
one; -- called also <i>successive induction</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The property by which one
body, having electrical or magnetic polarity, causes or induces it in
another body without direct contact; an impress of electrical or
magnetic force or condition from one body on another without actual
contact.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Electro-dynamic induction</b></col>, <cd>the action by
which a variable or interrupted current of electricity excites
another current in a neighboring conductor forming a closed
circuit.</cd> -- <col><b>Electro-magnetic induction</b></col>,
<cd>the influence by which an electric current produces magnetic
polarity in certain bodies near or around which it passes.</cd> --
<col><b>Electro-static induction</b></col>, <cd>the action by which a
body possessing a charge of statical electricity develops a charge of
statical electricity of the opposite character in a neighboring
body.</cd> -- <col><b>Induction coil</b></col>, <cd>an apparatus
producing induced currents of great intensity. It consists of a coil
or helix of stout insulated copper wire, surrounded by another coil
of very fine insulated wire, in which a momentary current is induced,
when a current (as from a voltaic battery), passing through the inner
coil, is made, broken, or varied. The inner coil has within it a core
of soft iron, and is connected at its terminals with a condenser; --
called also <i>inductorium</i>, and <i>Ruhmkorff's coil</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Induction pipe</b></col>, <col><b>port</b></col>, or
<col><b>valve</b></col>, <cd>a pipe, passageway, or valve, for
leading or admitting a fluid to a receiver, as steam to an engine
cylinder, or water to a pump.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic
induction</b></col>, <cd>the action by which magnetic polarity is
developed in a body susceptible to magnetic effects when brought
under the influence of a magnet.</cd> -- <col><b>Magneto-electric
induction</b></col>, <cd>the influence by which a magnet excites
electric currents in closed circuits.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Logical induction</b></col>, <i>(Philos.)</i>, <cd>an act
or method of reasoning from all the parts separately to the whole
which they constitute, or into which they may be united collectively;
the operation of discovering and proving general propositions; the
scientific method.</cd> -- <col><b>Philosophical induction</b></col>,
<cd>the inference, or the act of inferring, that what has been
observed or established in respect to a part, individual, or species,
may, on the ground of analogy, be affirmed or received of the whole
to which it belongs. This last is the <i>inductive method</i> of
Bacon. It ascends from the parts to the whole, and forms, from the
general analogy of nature, or special presumptions in the case,
conclusions which have greater or less degrees of force, and which
may be strengthened or weakened by subsequent experience and
experiment. It relates to actual existences, as in physical science
or the concerns of life. <i>Logical induction</i> is founded on the
necessary laws of thought; <i>philosophical induction</i>, on the
interpretation of the indications or analogy of nature.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deduction.  -- <u>Induction</u>, <u>Deduction</u>.
In <i>induction</i> we observe a sufficient number of individual
facts, and, on the ground of analogy, extend what is true of them to
others of the same class, thus arriving at <i>general</i> principles
or laws. This is the kind of reasoning in physical science. In
<i>deduction</i> we begin with a <i>general</i> truth, which is
already proven or provisionally assumed, and seek to connect it with
some particular case by means of a middle term, or class of objects,
known to be equally connected with both. Thus, we bring down the
general into the particular, affirming of the latter the distinctive
qualities of the former. This is the syllogistic method. By
<i>induction</i> Franklin established the identity of lightning and
electricity; by <i>deduction</i> he inferred that dwellings might be
protected by lightning rods.</p>

<p><hw>In*duc"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or proceeding by, induction; inductive.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*duct"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>inductivus</i>: cf. F. <i>inductif</i>. See <u>Induce</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Leading or drawing; persuasive; tempting;
-- usually followed by <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A brutish vice,<BR>
<i>Inductive</i> mainly to the sin of Eve.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to induce or cause.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They may be . . . <i>inductive</i> of
credibility.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Leading to inferences; proceeding by,
derived from, or using, induction; as, <i>inductive</i>
reasoning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Operating by induction; as, an <i>inductive</i> electrical
machine.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Facilitating induction;
susceptible of being acted upon by induction; as, certain substances
have a great <i>inductive</i> capacity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inductive embarrassment</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>,
<cd>the retardation in signaling on an electric wire, produced by
lateral induction.</cd> -- <col><b>Inductive</b></col>
<col><b>philosophy or method</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Philosophical
induction</i>, under <u>Induction</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Inductive
sciences</b></col>, <cd>those sciences which admit of, and employ,
the inductive method, as astronomy, botany, chemistry, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*duct"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By induction
or inference.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`duc*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Induct</i>ion + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An instrument
for measuring or ascertaining the degree or rate of electrical
induction.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*duct"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., one who stirs
up or rouses. See <u>Induce</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The person who inducts another into an
office or benefice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>That portion of an
electrical apparatus, in which is the inducing charge or
current.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`duc*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Inductoriums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Inductoria</b></plw>
(#). [NL., fr. E. <i>induct</i>ion.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An induction
coil.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*duc"tric</hw> (?), <hw>In*duc"tric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Acting by, or in a state of,
induction; relating to electrical induction.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*due"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Indued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Induing</u>.] [Written also <i>endue</i>.] [L. <i>induere</i> to
put on, clothe, fr. OL. <i>indu</i> (fr. <i>in-</i> in) + a root seen
also in L. <i>exuere</i> to put off, divest, <i>exuviae</i> the skin
of an animal, slough, <i>induviae</i> clothes.  Cf. <u>Endue</u> to
invest.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put on, as clothes; to draw
on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The baron had <i>indued</i> a pair of jack
boots.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clothe; to invest; hence, to endow; to
furnish; to supply with moral or mental qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Indu'd</i> with robes of various hue she
flies.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Indued</i> with intellectual sense and
souls.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*due"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Indue</u>;
cf. <u>Indument</u>, <u>Enduement</u>.] <def>The act of induing, or
state of being indued; investment; endowment.</def>  <i>W.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dulge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Indulged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Indulging</u> (?).] [L. <i>indulgere</i> to be kind or tender to
one; cf. OIr. <i>dilgud</i>, equiv. to L. <i>remissio</i>, OIr.
<i>dligeth</i>, equiv. to L. <i>lex</i>, Goth. <i>dulgs</i>
debt.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be complacent toward; to give way to;
not to oppose or restrain</def>; <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> when said of a
habit, desire, etc.: <def>to give free course to; to give one's self
up to; as, to <i>indulge</i> sloth, pride, selfishness, or
inclinations;</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> when said of a person:
<def>to yield to the desire of; to gratify by compliance; to humor;
to withhold restraint from; as, to <i>indulge</i> children in their
caprices or willfulness; to <i>indulge</i> one's self with a rest or
in pleasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hope in another life implies that we <i>indulge</i>
ourselves in the gratifications of this very sparingly.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grant as by favor; to bestow in
concession, or in compliance with a wish or request.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Persuading us that something must be <i>indulged</i>
to public manners.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet, yet a moment, one dim ray of light<BR>
<i>Indulge</i>, dread Chaos, and eternal Night!</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>&fist; It is remarked by Johnson, that if the matter of indulgence
is a single thing, it has <i>with</i> before it; if it is a habit, it
has <i>in</i>; as, he indulged himself <i>with</i> a glass of wine or
a new book; he indulges himself <i>in</i> idleness or intemperance.
See <u>Gratify</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*dulge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To indulge one's
self; to gratify one's tastes or desires; esp., to give one's self up
(to); to practice a forbidden or questionable act without restraint;
-- followed by <i>in</i>, but formerly, also, by <i>to</i>.</def>
"Willing to <i>indulge</i> in easy vices."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dulge"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indulgence.</def> [R.]  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dul"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indulgentia</i>: cf. F. <i>indulgence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of indulging or humoring; the
quality of being indulgent; forbearance of restrain or
control.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If I were a judge, that word <i>indulgence</i> should
never issue from my lips.</blockquote> <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They err, that through <i>indulgence</i> to others, or
fondness to any sin in themselves, substitute for repentance anything
less.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An indulgent act; favor granted;
gratification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If all these gracious <i>indulgences</i> are without
any effect on us, we must perish in our own folly.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Remission of the
temporal punishment due to sins, after the guilt of sin has been
remitted by sincere repentance; absolution from the censures and
public penances of the church. It is a payment of the debt of justice
to God by the application of the merits of Christ and his saints to
the contrite soul through the church. It is therefore believed to
diminish or destroy for sins the punishment of purgatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dul"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To grant
an indulgence to.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dul"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indulgence.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dul"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indulgens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>indulgere</i>: cf. F.
<i>indulgent</i>. See <u>Indulge</u>.] <def>Prone to indulge;
yielding to the wishes, humor, or appetites of those under one's
care; compliant; not opposing or restraining; tolerant; mild;
favorable; not severe; as, an <i>indulgent</i> parent.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>indulgent</i> censure of
posterity.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The feeble old, <i>indulgent</i> of their
ease.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`dul*gen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to the indulgences of the Roman Catholic Church.</def>
<i>Brevint.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dul"gent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
indulgent manner; mildly; favorably.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dul"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
indulges.</def>  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dul"gi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
indulge.</def> [R.]  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"du*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. fr.
<i>ind</i>igo.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of a
large series of aniline dyes, colored blue or violet, and represented
by aniline violet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A dark green
amorphous dyestuff, produced by the oxidation of aniline in the
presence of copper or vanadium salts; -- called also <i>aniline
black</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*dult"</hw> (?), <hw>In*dul"to</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>indultum</i> indulgence, favor, fr.
<i>indultus</i>, p. p. of <i>indulgere</i>: cf. It. <i>indulto</i>,
F. <i>indult</i>. See <u>Indulge</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A privilege or exemption; an indulgence; a
dispensation granted by the pope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Spain)</i> <def>A duty levied on all
importations.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"du*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>indumentum</i> a covering. See <u>Indue</u>, and cf.
<u>Induement</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Plumage;
feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*du"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having the edges bent abruptly toward the
axis; -- said of the parts of the calyx or corolla in
&aelig;stivation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having the edges
rolled inward and then arranged about the axis without overlapping; -
- said of leaves in vernation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*du"pli*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having induplicate sepals or petals in
&aelig;stivation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having induplicate
leaves in vernation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dur"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Endurance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"du*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>induratus</i>, p. p. of <i>indurare</i> to harden. See
<u>Endure</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hardened; not soft; indurated.</def>
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without sensibility; unfeeling;
obdurate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"du*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Indurated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Indurating</u> (?).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make hard; as, extreme heat
<i>indurates</i> clay; some fossils are <i>indurated</i> by exposure
to the air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make unfeeling; to deprive of
sensibility; to render obdurate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"du*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow hard; to
harden, or become hard; as, clay <i>indurates</i> by drying, and by
heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"du*ra`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hardened; as,
<i>indurated</i> clay; an <i>indurated</i> heart.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`du*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>induration</i>, L. <i>induratio</i> hardness of heart.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of hardening, or the process of
growing hard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State of being indurated, or of having
become hard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hardness of character, manner,
sensibility, etc.; obduracy; stiffness; want of pliancy or
feeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A certain <i>induration</i> of character had arisen
from long habits of business.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*du"sial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Indusium</u>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or containing, the
petrified cases of the larv&aelig; of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Indusial limestone</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a fresh-
water limestone, largely composed of the agglomerated cases of
caddice worms, or larv&aelig; of caddice flies (<i>Phryganea</i>). It
is found in Miocene strata of Auvergne, France, and some other
localities.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*du"si*ate</hw> (?), <hw>In*du"si*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Furnished with an
indusium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In*du"si*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Indusia</b></plw> (-&adot;). [L., an under garment, fr.
<i>induere</i> to put on: cf. F. <i>indusie</i> the covering of the
seed spots of ferns.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
collection of hairs united so as to form a sort of cup, and inclosing
the stigma of a flower.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The immediate
covering of the fruit dots or sori in many ferns, usually a very thin
scale attached by the middle or side to a veinlet.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A peculiar covering found in certain
fungi.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dus"tri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>industriel</i>, LL. <i>industrialis</i>. See <u>Industry</u>.]
<def>Consisting in industry; pertaining to industry, or the arts and
products of industry; concerning those employed in labor, especially
in manual labor, and their wages, duties, and rights.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great ideas of <i>industrial</i> development and
economic social amelioration.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><! p. 756 !></p>

<p><col><b>Industrial exhibition</b></col>, <cd>a public exhibition
of the various industrial products of a country, or of various
countries.</cd> -- <col><b>Industrial school</b></col>, <cd>a school
for teaching one or more branches of industry; also, a school for
educating neglected children, and training them to habits of
industry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*dus"tri*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Devotion to industrial pursuits; labor;
industry.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The principles or policy applicable to
industrial pursuits or organized labor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Industrialism</i> must not confounded with
industriousness.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*dus"tri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
reference to industry.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*dus"tri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>industrius</i>, <i>industriosus</i>: cf. F. <i>industrieux</i>.
See <u>Industry</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Given to industry; characterized by
diligence; constantly, regularly, or habitually occupied; busy;
assiduous; not slothful or idle; -- commonly implying devotion to
lawful and useful labor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Frugal and <i>industrious</i> men are commonly
friendly to the established government.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Steadily and perseveringly active in a
particular pursuit or aim; as, he was negligent in business, but
<i>industrious</i> in pleasure; an <i>industrious</i> mischief
maker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Industrious</i> to seek out the truth of all
things.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*dus"tri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*dus"tri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In"dus*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Industries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>industria</i>, cf.
<i>industrius</i> diligent; of uncertain origin: cf. F.
<i>industrie</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Habitual diligence in any employment or
pursuit, either bodily or mental; steady attention to business;
assiduity; -- opposed to <i>sloth</i> and <i>idleness</i>; as,
<i>industry</i> pays debts, while idleness or despair will increase
them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are more industrious than our forefathers, because
in the present times the funds destined for the maintenance of
<i>industry</i> are much greater in proportion to those which are
likely to be employed in the maintenance of idleness, than they were
two or three centuries ago.</blockquote> <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any department or branch of art,
occupation, or business; especially, one which employs much labor and
capital and is a distinct branch of trade; as, the sugar
<i>industry</i>; the iron <i>industry</i>; the cotton
<i>industry</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i> <def>Human exertion of
any kind employed for the creation of value, and regarded by some as
a species of capital or wealth; labor.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diligence; assiduity; perseverance; activity;
laboriousness; attention. See <u>Diligence</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*du"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>indutus</i>,
p. p. of <i>induere</i> to put on. See <u>Indue</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Covered; -- applied to seeds which have the usual integumentary
covering.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In*du"vi*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.,
clothes, fr. <i>induere</i> to put on. See <u>Indue</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Persistent portions of a calyx or corolla; also,
leaves which do not disarticulate from the stem, and hence remain for
a long time.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*du"vi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Covered with induvi&aelig;, as the upper part of the trunk of a
palm tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"dwell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Indwelt</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Indwelling</u>.] <def>To dwell in; to abide within;
to remain in possession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Holy Ghost became a dove, not as a symbol, but as
a constantly <i>indwelt</i> form.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"dwell`er</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
inhabitant.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"dwell`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Residence within,
as in the heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The personal <i>indwelling</i> of the Spirit in
believers.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>-ine</hw> (?; 104). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
suffix, indicating that those substances of whose names it is a part
are <i>basic</i>, and <i>alkaloidal</i> in their nature.</def></p>

<p>&fist; All organic bases, and basic substances (especially
nitrogenous substances), are systematically written with the
termination <i>-ine</i>; as, quin<i>ine</i>, morph<i>ine</i>,
guanid<i>ine</i>, etc. All indifferent and neutral substances, as
proteids, glycerides, glucosides, etc., should commonly be spelled
with <i>-in</i>; as, gelat<i>in</i>, amygdal<i>in</i>, etc. This rue
has no application to those numerous commercial or popular names with
the termination <i>-ine</i>; as, gasol<i>ine</i>, vasel<i>ine</i>,
etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Organ. Chem.)</i> <def>A suffix, used to
indicate <i>hydrocarbons of the second degree of unsaturation</i>; i.
e., members of the acetyline series; as, <i>hexine</i>,
<i>heptine</i>, etc.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>In*earth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
inter.</def> [R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*e"bri*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inebrians</i>, p. pr. of <i>inebriare</i>. See <u>Inebriate</u>.]
<def>Intoxicating.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*e"bri*ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything that
intoxicates, as opium, alcohol, etc.; an intoxicant.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*e"bri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inebriated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inebriating</u> (?).] [L. <i>inebriatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>inebriare</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>ebriare</i> to make drunk,
fr. <i>ebrius</i> drunk.  See <u>Ebriety</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make drunk; to intoxicate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cups<BR>
That cheer but not <i>inebriate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To disorder the senses of; to
exhilarate or elate as if by spirituous drink; to deprive of sense
and judgment; also, to stupefy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inebriating</i> effect of popular
applause.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*e"bri*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
drunk.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*e"bri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inebriatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Intoxicated; drunk; habitually given
to drink; stupefied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus spake Peter, as a man <i>inebriate</i> and made
drunken with the sweetness of this vision, not knowing what he
said.</blockquote> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*e"bri*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is drunk
or intoxicated; esp., an habitual drunkard; as, an asylum for
<i>inebriates</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>inebriates</i> have their paroxysms of
inebriety.</blockquote> <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*e`bri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inebriatio</i>.] <def>The condition of being inebriated;
intoxication; figuratively, deprivation of sense and judgment by
anything that exhilarates, as success.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Preserve him from the <i>inebriation</i> of
prosperity.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Drunkenness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`e*bri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Inebriate</u>, <u>Ebriety</u>.] <def>Drunkenness;
inebriation.</def>  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*e"bri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Intoxicated,
or partially so; intoxicating.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ed"it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not edited;
unpublished; as, an <i>inedited</i> manuscript.</def>  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||I`n&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An
arrow poison, made from an apocynaceous plant (<i>Strophanthus
hispidus</i>) of the Gaboon country; -- called also
<i>onaye</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ef`fa*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ineffabilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>ineffabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being ineffable; ineffableness;
unspeakableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ef"fa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ineffabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>ineffable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Effable</u>, <u>Fame</u>.] <def>Incapable of being expressed in
words; unspeakable; unutterable; indescribable; as, the
<i>ineffable</i> joys of heaven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Contentment with our lot . . . will diffuse
<i>ineffable</i> contentment over the soul.</blockquote>
<i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ef"fa*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being ineffable or unutterable;
unspeakableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ef"fa*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner not
to be expressed in words; unspeakably.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ef*face"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>effaceable</i>: cf. F. <i>ineffa&ccedil;able</i>.]
<def>Incapable of being effaced; indelible; ineradicable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ef*face"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as not
to be effaceable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ef*fect"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ineffectual; impracticable.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ef*fect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>effective</i>: cf. F. <i>ineffectif</i>.] <def>Not
effective; ineffectual; futile; inefficient; useless; as, an
<i>ineffective</i> appeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word of God, without the spirit, [is] a dead and
<i>ineffective</i> letter.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ef*fect"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ineffective manner; without effect; inefficiently;
ineffectually.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ef*fect"ive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being ineffective.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ef*fec"tu*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
producing the proper effect; without effect; inefficient; weak;
useless; futile; unavailing; as, an <i>ineffectual</i> attempt; an
<i>ineffectual</i> expedient.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The peony root has been much commended, . . . and yet
has been by many found <i>ineffectual</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inefficient; useless; inefficacious; vain;
fruitless; unavailing; futile. See <u>Useless</u>,
<u>Inefficacious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`ef*fec`tu*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Ineffectualness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ef*fec"tu*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
effect; in vain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hereford . . . had been besieged for about two months
<i>ineffectually</i> by the Scots.</blockquote> <i>Ludlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ef*fec"tu*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
effect, or of power to produce it; inefficacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ineffectualness</i> of some men's
devotion.</blockquote> <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ef`fer*ves"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want
of effervescence.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ef`fer*ves"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
effervescing, or not susceptible of effervescence;
quiescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ef`fer*ves`ci*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being ineffervescible.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ef`fer*ves"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
capable or susceptible of effervescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ef`fi*ca"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not +  <i>efficacious</i>: cf. F. <i>inefficace</i>, L.
<i>inefficax</i>.] <def>Not efficacious; not having power to produce
the effect desired; inadequate; incompetent; inefficient;
impotent.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The authority of Parliament must become
<i>inefficacious</i> . . . to restrain the growth of
disorders.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ineffectual</i>, says Johnson, rather denotes an actual
failure, and <i>inefficacious</i> an habitual impotence to any
effect. But the distinction is not always observed, nor can it be;
for we can not always know whether means are <i>inefficacious</i>
till experiment has proved them <i>ineffectual</i>.
<i>Inefficacious</i> is therefore sometimes synonymous with
<i>ineffectual</i>.</p>

<p><hw>In*ef`fi*ca"cious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
efficacy or effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ef`fi*ca"cious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
effect, or of power to produce the effect; inefficacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ef"fi*ca*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inefficacia</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Efficacy</u>.]
<def>Want of power to produce the desired or proper effect;
inefficiency; ineffectualness; futility; uselessness; fruitlessness;
as, the <i>inefficacy</i> of medicines or means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The seeming <i>inefficacy</i> of
censures.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inefficacy</i> was soon proved, like that of
many similar medicines.</blockquote> <i>James Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ef*fi"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being inefficient; want of power or energy sufficient for
the desired effect; inefficacy; incapacity; as, he was discharged
from his position for <i>inefficiency</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ef*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not efficient; not producing the effect
intended or desired; inefficacious; as, <i>inefficient</i> means or
measures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of, or indisposed to, effective
action; habitually slack or remiss; effecting little or nothing; as,
<i>inefficient</i> workmen; an <i>inefficient</i>
administrator.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ef*fi"cient*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inefficient manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`e*lab"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inelaboratus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Elaborate</u>.]
<def>Not elaborate; not wrought with care; unpolished; crude;
unfinished.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`e*las"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
elastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`e*las*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
elasticity.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*el"e*gance</hw> (?), <hw>In*el"e*gan*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Inelegances</b></plw> (#),
<plw><b>Inelegancies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>inelegantia</i>: cf. F.
<i>in&eacute;l&eacute;gance</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being inelegant; want of
elegance or grace; want of refinement, beauty, or polish in language,
composition, or manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The notorious <i>inelegance</i> of her
figure.</blockquote> <i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything inelegant; as, <i>inelegance</i>
of style in literary composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*el"e*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inelegans</i>: cf. F. <i>in&eacute;l&eacute;gant</i>. See <u>In-
</u> not, and <u>Elegant</u>.] <def>Not elegant; deficient in beauty,
polish, refinement, grave, or ornament; wanting in anything which
correct taste requires.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What order so contrived as not to mix<BR>
Tastes, not well joined, <i>inelegant</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It renders style often obscure, always embarrassed and
<i>inelegant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*el"e*gant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inelegant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*el`i*gi*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>in&eacute;ligibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of
being ineligible.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*el"i*gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>eligible</i>: cf. F. <i>in&eacute;ligible</i>.]
<def>Not eligible; not qualified to be chosen for an office; not
worthy to be chosen or preferred; not expedient or desirable.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*el"li*gi*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ineligible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*e"lo*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ineloquens</i>: cf. F. <i>in&eacute;loquent</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Eloquent</u>.] <def>Not eloquent; not fluent, graceful,
or pathetic; not persuasive; as, <i>ineloquent</i>
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor are thy lips ungraceful, sire of men,<BR>
Nor tongue <i>ineloquent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*e"lo*quent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
eloquence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`e*luc"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ineluctabilis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>eluctabilis</i> to be
surmounted, fr. <i>eluctari</i> to struggle out of, to surmount: cf.
F. <i>in&eacute;luctable</i>. See <u>Eluctate</u>.] <def>Not to be
overcome by struggling; irresistible; inevitable.</def>  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ineluctable</i> conditions of
matter.</blockquote> <i>Hamerton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`e*lud"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being eluded or evaded; unvoidable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most pressing reasons and <i>ineludible</i>
demonstrations.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*em"bry*o*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Not embryonate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`e*nar"ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inenarrabilis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>enarrabilis</i> that
may be related; fr. <i>enarrare</i> to relate: cf. F.
<i>in&eacute;narrable</i>. See <u>Enarration</u>.] <def>Incapable of
being narrated; indescribable; ineffable.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Inenarrable</i> goodness."  <i>Bp. Fisher.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ept"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ineptus</i>;
prefix. <i>in-</i> not + <i>aptus</i> apt, fit: cf. F. <i>inepte</i>.
Cf. <u>Inapt</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not apt or fit; unfit; unsuitable;
improper; unbecoming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Aristotelian philosophy is <i>inept</i> for new
discoveries.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Silly; useless; nonsensical; absurd;
foolish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To view attention as a special act of intelligence,
and to distinguish it from consciousness, is utterly
<i>inept</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ept"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ineptitudo</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being inept; unfitness;
inaptitude; unsuitableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>ineptitude</i> for society, which is
frequently the fault of us scholars.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Absurdity; nonsense;
foolishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ept"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Unfitly;
unsuitably; awkwardly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>None of them are made foolishly or
<i>ineptly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ept"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unfitness;
ineptitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The feebleness and miserable <i>ineptness</i> of
infancy.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*e"qua*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unequable.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*e"qual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inaequalis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Equal</u>.]
<def>Unequal; uneven; various.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`e*qual"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Inequalities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>inaequalitas</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being unequal; difference,
or want of equality, in any respect; lack of uniformity;
disproportion; unevenness; disparity; diversity; as, an
<i>inequality</i> in size, stature, numbers, power, distances,
motions, rank, property, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is so great an <i>inequality</i> in the length
of our legs and arms as makes it impossible for us to walk on all
four.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Notwithstanding which <i>inequality</i> of number, it
was resolved in a council of war to fight the Dutch
fleet.</blockquote> <i>Ludlow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sympathy is rarely strong where there is a great
<i>inequality</i> of condition.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unevenness; want of levelness; the
alternate rising and falling of a surface; as, the
<i>inequalities</i> of the surface of the earth, or of a marble slab,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The country is cut into so many hills and
<i>inequalities</i> as renders it defensible.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Variableness; changeableness; inconstancy;
lack of smoothness or equability; deviation; unsteadiness, as of the
weather, feelings, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Inequality</i> of air is ever an enemy to
health.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Disproportion to any office or purpose;
inadequacy; competency; as, the <i>inequality</i> of terrestrial
things to the wants of a rational soul.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>An expression consisting of
two unequal quantities, with the sign of inequality (&gt; or &lt;)
between them; as, the <i>inequality</i> 2 &lt; 3, or 4 &gt;
1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An irregularity, or a
deviation, in the motion of a planet or satellite from its uniform
mean motion; the amount of such deviation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`e*qua"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>An inequality.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*e`qui*dis"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
equally distant; not equidistant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*e`qui*lat"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having unequal sides; unsymmetrical; unequal-
sided.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the two ends
unequal, as in the clam, quahaug, and most lamellibranch
shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*e`qui*lo"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>equi-</i> + <i>lobate</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Unequally lobed; cut into lobes of different shapes or
sizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*eq"ui*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
equitable; not just.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*eq"ui*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inequitatus</i>, p. p. <i>inequitare</i> to ride over. See 1st
<u>In-</u>, and <u>Equitant</u>.] <def>To ride over or through.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*eq"ui*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
equity; injustice; wrong.</def> "Some form of <i>inequity</i>."
<i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*e"qui*valve</hw> (?), <hw>In*e`qui*val"vu*lar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having unequal valves,
as the shell of an oyster.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`e*rad"i*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incapable of being eradicated or rooted out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bad seed thus sown was
<i>ineradicable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`e*rad"i*ca*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as not
to be eradicable.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`er*get"ic</hw> (?), <hw>In`er*get"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> not + en<i>ergetic</i>, <i>-
ical</i>.] <def>Having no energy; sluggish.</def> [R.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`er*get"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
energy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>In*erm"</hw> (?), <hw>In*er"mous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Inermis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In*er"mis</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>inermis</i>,
<i>inermus</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>arma</i> arms: cf. F.
<i>inerme</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Unarmed; destitute of prickles or
thorns, as a leaf.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*er`ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Freedom
or exemption from error; infallibility.</def>  <i>Eikon
Basilike.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*er"ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inerrabilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Err</u>.]
<def>Incapable of erring; infallible; unerring.</def>
"<i>Inerabble</i> and requisite conditions." <i>Sir T. Browne.</i>
"Not an <i>inerrable</i> text."  <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><! p. 757 !></p>

<p><hw>In*er"ra*ble*ness</hw>
(&ibreve;n*&ebreve;r"r&adot;*b'l*n&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Exemption from error; inerrability; infallibility.</def>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*er"ra*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With security
from error; infallibly; unerringly.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*er"ran*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Exemption
from error.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The absolute <i>inerrancy</i> of the
Bible.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`er*rat"ic</hw> (&ibreve;n`&ebreve;r*r&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not erratic or wandering; fixed; settled;
established.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*err"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
error, mistake, or deviation; unerringly.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>iners</i>,
<i>inertis</i>, unskilled, idle; pref. <i>in-</i> + <i>ars</i> art:
cf. F. <i>inerte</i>. See <u>Art</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of the power of moving itself,
or of active resistance to motion; as, matter is
<i>inert</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indisposed to move or act; very slow to
act; sluggish; dull; inactive; indolent; lifeless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inert</i> and desponding party of the
court.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It present becomes extravagant, then imbecile, and at
length utterly <i>inert</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not having or manifesting active
properties; not affecting other substances when brought in contact
with them; powerless for an expected or desired effect.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inactive; dull; passive; indolent; sluggish;
slothful; lazy; lifeless; irresolute; stupid; senseless; insensible.
-- <u>Inert</u>, <u>Inactive</u>, <u>Sluggish</u>. A man may be
<i>inactive</i> from mere want of stimulus to effort; but one who is
<i>inert</i> has something in his constitution or his habits which
operates like a weight holding him back from exertion.
<i>Sluggish</i> is still stronger, implying some defect of
temperament which directly impedes action. <i>Inert</i> and
<i>inactive</i> are negative, <i>sluggish</i> is positive.</p>

<p><blockquote>Even the favored isles . . . <BR>
Can boast but little virtue; and, <i>inert</i><BR>
Through plenty, lose in morals what they gain<BR>
In manners -- victims of luxurious ease.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Doomed to lose four months in <i>inactive</i>
obscurity.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sluggish</i> Idleness, the nurse of sin,<BR>
Upon a slothful ass he chose to ride.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*er"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., idleness, fr.
<i>iners</i> idle. See <u>Inert</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>That property of matter
by which it tends when at rest to remain so, and when in motion to
continue in motion, and in the same straight line or direction,
unless acted on by some external force; -- sometimes called <i>vis
inerti&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inertness; indisposition to motion,
exertion, or action; want of energy; sluggishness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men . . . have immense irresolution and
<i>inertia</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Want of activity;
sluggishness; -- said especially of the uterus, when, in labor, its
contractions have nearly or wholly ceased.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Center of inertia</b></col>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Center</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*er"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
activity or exertion; inertness; quietude.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These vicissitudes of exertion and <i>inertion</i> of
the arterial system constitute the paroxysms of remittent
fever.</blockquote> <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ert"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Inert</u>.] <def>Inertness; inertia.</def> [R.]  <i>Good.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ert"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without activity;
sluggishly.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ert"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Want of activity or exertion; habitual indisposition to action
or motion; sluggishness; apathy; insensibility.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Laziness and <i>inertness</i> of mind.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Absence of the power of self-motion;
inertia.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*er"u*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ineruditus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Erudite</u>.] <def>Not
erudite; unlearned; ignorant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`es*cap"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
escapable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*es"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inescatus</i>, p. p. of <i>inescare</i>; <i>in-</i> in +
<i>esca</i> bait.] <def>To allure; to lay a bait for.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>inescate</i> and beguile young
women!</blockquote>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`es*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inescatio</i>.] <def>The act of baiting; allurement.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`es*cutch"eon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>A small escutcheon borne within a shield.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In` es"se</hw> (?). [L.] <def>In being; actually existing; -
- distinguished from <i>in posse</i>, or <i>in potentia</i>, which
denote that a thing is not, but may be.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`es*sen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>essential</i>: cf. F. <i>inessentiel</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having no essence or being.</def>  <i>H.
Brooke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The womb of <i>inessential</i> Naught.</blockquote>
<i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not essential; unessential.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*es"ti*ma*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inaestimabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inestimable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Estimate</u>.] <def>Incapable of being estimated or computed;
especially, too valuable or excellent to be measured or fully
appreciated; above all price; as, <i>inestimable</i> rights or
privileges.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But above all, for thine <i>inestimable</i>
love.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Science is too <i>inestimable</i> for expression by a
money standard.</blockquote> <i>Lyon Playfair.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Incalculable; invaluable; priceless.</p>

<p><hw>In*es"ti*ma*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner,
or to a degree, above estimation; as, things <i>inestimably</i>
excellent.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`e*va"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being evaded; inevitable; unavoidable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ev"i*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>in&eacute;vidence</i>.] <def>Want of evidence; obscurity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ev"i*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>in&eacute;vident</i>.] <def>Not evident; not clear or obvious;
obscure.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ev`i*ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>in&eacute;vitabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Impossibility to be avoided
or shunned; inevitableness.</def>  <i>Shelford.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ev"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inevitabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>in&eacute;vitable</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Evitable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not evitable; incapable of being shunned;
unavoidable; certain.</def> "The <i>inevitable</i> hour."
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was <i>inevitable</i>; it was necessary; it was
planted in the nature of things.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Irresistible.</def> "<i>Inevitable</i>
charms."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ev"i*ta*ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being unavoidable; certainty to happen.</def>
<i>Prideaux.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ev"i*ta*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
possibility of escape or evasion; unavoidably; certainly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Inevitably</i> thou shalt die.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>inevitably</i> does immoderate laughter end in
a sigh!</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>exact</i>: cf. F. <i>inexact</i>.] <def>Not exact; not
precisely correct or true; inaccurate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*act"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inexactness; uncertainty; as, geographical
<i>inexactitude</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*act"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner not
exact or precise; inaccurately.</def>  <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*act"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Incorrectness;
want of exactness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*cit`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being inexcitable; insusceptibility to
excitement.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*cit"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexcitabilis</i> from which one cannot be aroused. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Excite</u>.] <def>Not susceptible of excitement; dull;
lifeless; torpid.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*cus"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexcusabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inexcusable</i>. See <u>Excuse</u>.]
<def>Not excusable; not admitting excuse or justification; as,
<i>inexcusable</i> folly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore thou art <i>inexcusable</i>, O man,
whosoever thou art that judgest; for wherein thou judgest another,
thou condemnest thyself; for thou that judgest doest the same
things.</blockquote> <i>Rom. ii. 1.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*cus"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being inexcusable; enormity beyond forgiveness.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*cus"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a
degree of guilt or folly beyond excuse or justification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Inexcusably</i> obstinate and
perverse.</blockquote> <i>Jortin.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"e*cra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That can
not be execrated enough.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*ex"e*cu`ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>executable</i>: cf. F. <i>inex&eacute;cutable</i>.]
<def>Incapable of being executed or performed; impracticable;
infeasible.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ex`e*cu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>execution</i>: cf. F. <i>inex&eacute;cution</i>.]
<def>Neglect of execution; nonperformance; as, the <i>inexecution</i>
of a treaty.</def>  <i>Spence.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*er"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
exertion; want of effort; defect of action; indolence;
laziness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*hal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being exhaled.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*haust"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>exhausted</i>: cf. F. <i>inexhaustus</i>.] <def>Not
exhausted; not emptied; not spent; not having lost all strength or
resources; unexhausted.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*haust"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
exhaustion.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*haust`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being inexhaustible; abundance.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*haust"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incapable of being exhausted, emptied, or used up; unfailing;
not to be wasted or spent; as, <i>inexhaustible</i> stores of
provisions; an <i>inexhaustible</i> stock of elegant words.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>inexhaustible</i> store of
anecdotes.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`ex*haust"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`ex*haust"i*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*haust"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inexhaustible.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*ist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
in + <i>exist</i>.] <def>To exist within; to dwell within.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Substances <i>inexisting</i> within the divine
mind.</blockquote> <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*ist"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inexistant</i>. See 1st <u>Inexistent</u>.] <def>Inexistent; not
existing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*ist"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> in + <i>existence</i>.] [Obs.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Inherence; subsistence.</def> <i>Bp. Hall.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That which exists within; a
constituent.</def>  <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*ist"ence</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> in
+ <i>existence</i>: cf. F. <i>inexistence</i>.] <def>Want of being or
existence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*ist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
in + <i>existent</i>: cf. F. <i>inexistant</i>.] <def>Not having
being; not existing.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*ist"ent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> in
+ <i>existent</i>.] <def>Inherent; innate; indwelling.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ex`o*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexorabilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>inexorabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality of being inexorable, or unyielding to entreaty.</def>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"o*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexorabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inexorable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Exorable</u>, <u>Adore</u>.] <def>Not to be persuaded or moved
by entreaty or prayer; firm; determined; unyielding; unchangeable;
inflexible; relentless; as, an <i>inexorable</i> prince or tyrant; an
<i>inexorable</i> judge.</def> "<i>Inexorable</i> equality of laws."
<i>Gibbon.</i> "Death's <i>inexorable</i> doom."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You are more inhuman, more <i>inexorable</i>,<BR>
O, ten times more than tigers of Hyrcania.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"o*ra*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inexorable.</def>
<i>Chillingworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"o*ra*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inexorable manner; inflexibly.</def> "<i>Inexorably</i> firm."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pan"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of expansion, enlargement, or extension.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pect"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be
expected or anticipated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ex*pect"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
expectant.</def>  <i>C. Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ex`pec*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence
of expectation.</def>  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pect"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>expected</i>: cf. L. <i>inexspectatus</i>.]
<def>Unexpected.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pect"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Unexpectedly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pect"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unexpectedness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ex*pe"di*ence</hw> (?), <hw>In`ex*pe"di*en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being inexpedient;
want of fitness; unsuitableness to the end or object; impropriety;
as, the <i>inexpedience</i> of some measures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not the rigor but the <i>inexpediency</i> of
laws and acts of authority which makes them tyrannical.</blockquote>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pe"di*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
expedient; not tending to promote a purpose; not tending to the end
desired; inadvisable; unfit; improper; unsuitable to time and place;
as, what is expedient at one time may be <i>inexpedient</i> at
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If it was not unlawful, yet it was highly
<i>inexpedient</i> to use those ceremonies.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unwise; impolitic; imprudent; indiscreet;
unprofitable; inadvisable; disadvantageous.</p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pe"di*ent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not
expediently; unfitly.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
expensive; cheap.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pe"ri*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexperientia</i>, cf. F. <i>inexp&eacute;rience</i>. See <u>In-
</u> not, and <u>Experience</u>.] <def>Absence or want of experience;
lack of personal and experimental knowledge; as, the
<i>inexperience</i> of youth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Failings which are incident to youth and
<i>inexperience</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Prejudice and self-sufficiency naturally proceed from
<i>inexperience</i> of the world, and ignorance of
mankind.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pe"ri*enced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
having experience; unskilled.</def> "<i>Inexperienced</i> youth."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexpertus</i> inexperienced: cf. F. <i>inexpert</i>. See <u>In-
</u> not, and <u>Expert</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of experience or of much
experience.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not expert; not skilled; destitute of
knowledge or dexterity derived from practice.</def>
<i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pert"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
expertness or skill.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"pi*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexpiabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inexpiable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Expiable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Admitting of no expiation, atonement, or
satisfaction; as, an <i>inexpiable</i> crime or offense.</def>
<i>Pomfret.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being mollified or appeased;
relentless; implacable.</def> [Archaic] "<i>Inexpiable</i> hate."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are at <i>inexpiable</i> war with all
establishments.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"pi*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being inexpiable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"pi*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inexpiable manner of degree; to a degree that admits of no
atonement.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"pi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexpiatus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Expiate</u>.] <def>Not
appeased or placated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To rest <i>inexpiate</i> were much too rude a
part.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*plain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>explainable</i>; cf. L. <i>inexplanabilis</i>.]
<def>Incapable of being explained; inexplicable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"ple*a*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>inexplebilis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>explere</i> to fill
up. See <u>Expletion</u>.] <def>Insatiably.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ex`pli*ca*bil"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inexplicabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
inexplicable.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"pli*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexplicabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inexplicable</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Explicable</u>.] <def>Not explicable; not explainable;
incapable of being explained, interpreted, or accounted for; as, an
<i>inexplicable</i> mystery.</def> "An <i>inexplicable</i>
scratching."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their reason is disturbed; their views become vast and
perplexed, to others <i>inexplicable</i>, to themselves
uncertain.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"pli*ca*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state
of being inexplicable; inexplicability.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"pli*ca*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inexplicable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*plic"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexplicitus</i>: cf. F. <i>inexplicite</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Explicit</u>.] <def>Not explicit; not clearly stated;
indefinite; vague.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*plor"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being explored, searched out, or discovered.</def>  <i>Sir G.
Buck.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*plo"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
explosive.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*po"sure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state
of not being exposed.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*press"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
capable of expression or utterance in language; ineffable;
unspeakable; indescribable; unutterable; as, <i>inexpressible</i>
grief or pleasure.</def> "<i>Inexpressible</i> grandeur."
<i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In orbs<BR>
Of circuit <i>inexpressible</i> they stood.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*press"i*bles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>Breeches; trousers.</def> [Colloq. or Slang]
  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*press"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inexpressible manner or degree; unspeakably; unutterably.</def>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*press"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inexpressible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without expression or meaning; not
expressive; dull; unintelligent; as, an <i>inexpressive</i>
countenance.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*press"ive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being inexpressive.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pug"na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexpugnabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inexpugnable</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Expugnable</u>.] <def>Incapable of being subdued by
force; impregnable; unconquerable.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fortress, <i>inexpugnable</i> by the arts of
war.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*pug"na*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to be
inexpugnable; in an inexpugnable manner.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*su"per*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexsuperabilis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>exsuperabilis</i>
that may be surmounted. See <u>In-</u> not, <u>Ex-</u>, and
<u>Superable</u>.] <def>Not capable of being passed over;
insuperable; insurmountable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*tend"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
extended.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*ten"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
capable of being extended; not elastic; as, <i>inextensible</i>
fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*ten"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
extension; unextended state.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*ter"mi*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexterminabilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Exterminate</u>.]
<def>Incapable of extermination.</def>  <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*tinct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inextinctus</i>, <i>inexstinctus</i>. See <u>Extinct</u>.]
<def>Not quenched; not extinct.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*tin"gui*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexstinguibilis</i>: cf. F, <i>inextinguible</i>. See
<u>Inextinct</u>.] <def>Inextinguishable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*tin"guish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
capable of being extinguished; extinguishable; unquenchable; as,
<i>inextinguishable</i> flame, light, thirst, desire, feuds.</def>
"<i>Inextinguishable</i> rage."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*tin"guish*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as
not to be extinguished; in an inextinguishable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ex*tir"pa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inexstirpabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inextirpable</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Extirpate</u>.] <def>Not capable of being extirpated or
rooted out; ineradicable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"tri*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inextricabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inextricable</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Extricate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being extricated, untied, or
disentangled; hopelessly intricate, confused, or obscure; as, an
<i>inextricable</i> knot or difficulty; <i>inextricable</i>
confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lost in the wild, <i>inextricable</i>
maze.</blockquote> <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inevitable.</def> [R.] "Fate
<i>inextricable</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 758 !></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"tri*ca*ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being inextricable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ex"tri*ca*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inextricable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*eye"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ineyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ineyeing</u>.] [Pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>eye</i>.] <def>To
ingraft, as a tree or plant, by the insertion of a bud or eye; to
inoculate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The arts of grafting and <i>ineying</i>.</blockquote>
<i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fab"ri*ca`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
fabricated; unwrought; not artificial; natural.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*fal"li*bil*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
accepts or maintains the dogma of papal infallibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fal`li*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>infaillibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
infallible, or exempt from error; inerrability.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Infallibility</i> is the highest perfection of the
knowing faculty.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Papal infallibility</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>the
dogma that the pope can not, when acting in his official character of
supreme pontiff, err in defining a doctrine of Christian faith or
rule of morals, to be held by the church. This was decreed by the
Ecumenical Council at the Vatican, July 18, 1870.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*fal"li*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>fallible</i>: cf. F. <i>infallible</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not fallible; not capable of erring;
entirely exempt from liability to mistake; unerring; inerrable.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not liable to fail, deceive, or
disappoint; indubitable; sure; certain; as, <i>infallible</i>
evidence; <i>infallible</i> success; an <i>infallible</i>
remedy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To whom also he showed himself alive, after his
passion, by many <i>infallible</i> proofs.</blockquote> <i>Acts i.
3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Incapable of error in
defining doctrines touching faith or morals. See <i>Papal
infallibility</i>, under <u>Infallibility</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fal"li*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being infallible; infallibility.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fal"li*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
infallible manner; certainly; unfailingly; unerringly.</def>
<i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fame"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infamare</i>, fr. <i>infamis</i> infamous: cf. F. <i>infamer</i>,
It. <i>infamare</i>. See <u>Infamous</u>.] <def>To defame; to make
infamous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Livia is <i>infamed</i> for the poisoning of her
husband.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"fa*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Infamized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Infamizing</u> (?).] <def>To make infamous; to
defame.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"fa*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>famous</i>: cf. L. <i>infamis</i>. See <u>Infamy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of very bad report; having a reputation of
the worst kind; held in abhorrence; guilty of something that exposes
to infamy; base; notoriously vile; detestable; as, an <i>infamous</i>
traitor; an <i>infamous</i> perjurer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>False errant knight, <i>infamous</i>, and
forsworn.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing or producing infamy; deserving
detestation; scandalous to the last degree; as, an <i>infamous</i>
act; <i>infamous</i> vices; <i>infamous</i> corruption.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Branded with infamy by
conviction of a crime; as, at common law, an <i>infamous</i> person
can not be a witness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having a bad name as being the place where
an odious crime was committed, or as being associated with something
detestable; hence, unlucky; perilous; dangerous.</def>
"<i>Infamous</i> woods."  <i>P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Infamous</i> hills, and sandy perilous
wilds.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The piny shade<BR>
More <i>infamous</i> by cursed Lycaon made.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Detestable; odious; scandalous; disgraceful; base;
vile; shameful; ignominious.</p>

<p><hw>In"fa*mous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an infamous
manner or degree; scandalously; disgracefully; shamefully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sealed fountain of royal bounty which had been
<i>infamously</i> monopolized and huckstered.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"fa*mous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being infamous; infamy.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"fa*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Infamies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>infamia</i>, fr.
<i>infamis</i> infamous; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>fama</i> fame: cf.
F. <i>infamie</i>. See <u>Fame</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Total loss of reputation; public disgrace;
dishonor; ignominy; indignity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The afflicted queen would not yield, and said she
would not . . . submit to such <i>infamy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quality which exposes to disgrace;
extreme baseness or vileness; as, the <i>infamy</i> of an
action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>That loss of character, or
public disgrace, which a convict incurs, and by which he is at common
law rendered incompetent as a witness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"fan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>infantia</i>:
cf. F. <i>enfance</i>. See <u>Infant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or period of being an infant;
the first part of life; early childhood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The babe yet lies in smiling
<i>infancy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their love in early <i>infancy</i> began.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The first age of anything; the beginning
or early period of existence; as, the <i>infancy</i> of an
art.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>infancy</i> and the grandeur of
Rome.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The state or condition of one
under age, or under the age of twenty-one years; nonage;
minority.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fan"dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infandus</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>fari</i> to speak.]
<def>Too odious to be expressed or mentioned.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fang"thef</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>in-fangen-
&thorn;e&oacute;f</i>; <i>in</i> in, into + <i>fangen</i> taken (p.
p. of <i>f&omacr;n</i> to take) + <i>&thorn;e&oacute;f</i> thief.]
<i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>The privilege granted to lords of certain
manors to judge thieves taken within the seigniory of such
lords.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"fant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>infans</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>fari</i> to speak: cf. F. <i>enfant</i>,
whence OE. <i>enfaunt</i>. See <u>Fame</u>, and cf. <u>Infante</u>,
<u>Infanta</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A child in the first period
of life, beginning at his birth; a young babe; sometimes, a child
several years of age.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And tender cries of <i>infants</i> pierce the
ear.</blockquote> <i>C. Pitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person who is not of full
age, or who has not attained the age of legal capacity; a person
under the age of twenty-one years; a minor.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An infant under seven years of age is not penally
responsible; between seven and fourteen years of age, he may be
convicted of a malicious offense if malice be proved. He becomes of
age on the day preceding his twenty-first birthday, previous to which
time an infant has no capacity to contract.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Infante</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"fant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to infancy, or the first period of life;
tender; not mature; as, <i>infant</i> strength.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intended for young children; as, an
<i>infant</i> school.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"fant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>enfanter</i>.] <def>To bear or bring forth, as a child; hence, to
produce, in general.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This worthy motto, "No bishop, no king," is . . .
<i>infanted</i> out of the same fears.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In*fan"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. &amp; Pg., fem. of
<i>infante</i>. See <u>Infante</u>.] <def>A title borne by every one
of the daughters of the kings of Spain and Portugal, except the
eldest.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In*fan"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. &amp; Pg. See
<u>Infant</u>.] <def>A title given to every one of sons of the kings
of Spain and Portugal, except the eldest or heir apparent.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"fant*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Infancy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*fan"ti*ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to infanticide; engaged in, or guilty of, child
murder.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fan"ti*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infanticidium</i> child murder; <i>infans</i>, <i>-antis</i>,
child + <i>caedere</i> to kill: cf. F. <i>infanticide</i>. See
<u>Infant</u>, and <u>Homicide</u>.] <def>The murder of an infant
born alive; the murder or killing of a newly born or young child;
child murder.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fan"ti*cide</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infanticida</i>: cf. F. <i>infanticide</i>.] <def>One who commits
the crime of infanticide; one who kills an infant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"fan*tile</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infantilis</i>: cf. F. <i>infantile</i>. See <u>Infant</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to infancy, or to an infant; similar to, or
characteristic of, an infant; childish; as, <i>infantile</i>
behavior.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"fan*tine</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>enfantin</i>.] <def>Infantile; childish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A degree of credulity next
<i>infantine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"fant*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like an
infant.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"fant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like an
infant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"fan*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>infanterie</i>, It. <i>infanteria</i>, fr. <i>infante</i> infant,
child, boy servant, foot soldier, fr. L. <i>infans</i>, <i>-
antis</i>, child; foot soldiers being formerly the servants and
followers of knights. See <u>Infant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A body of children.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A body of soldiers serving
on foot; foot soldiers, in distinction from <i>cavalry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*farce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infarcire</i>: pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>farcire</i>, <i>fartum</i>
and <i>farctum</i>, to stuff, cram.] <def>To stuff; to swell.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The body is <i>infarced</i> with . . . watery
humors.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*farc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Infarce</u>.] <def>The act of stuffing or filling; an overloading
and obstruction of any organ or vessel of the body;
constipation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"fare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>inf&aelig;r</i> entrance.] <def>A house-warming; especially, a
reception, party, or entertainment given by a newly married couple,
or by the husband upon receiving the wife to his house.</def>
[Written also <i>infair</i>.] [Scot., &amp; Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>In*fash"ion*a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unfashionable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fat"i*ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infatigabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>infatigable</i>.]
<def>Indefatigable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fat"u*ate</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infatuatus</i>, p. p. of <i>infatuare</i> to infatuate; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>fatuus</i> foolish. See <u>Fatuous</u>.]
<def>Infatuated.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fat"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Infatuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Infatuating</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make foolish; to affect with folly; to
weaken the intellectual powers of, or to deprive of sound
judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The judgment of God will be very visible in
<i>infatuating</i> a people . . . ripe and prepared for
destruction.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inspire with a foolish and extravagant
passion; as, to be <i>infatuated</i> with gaming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people are . . . <i>infatuated</i> with the
notion.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fat"u*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overcome by
some foolish passion or desire; affected by infatuation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fat`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>infatuatio</i>: cf. F. <i>infatuation</i>.] <def>The act of
infatuating; the state of being infatuated; folly; that which
infatuates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>infatuations</i> of the sensual and frivolous
part of mankind are amazing; but the <i>infatuations</i> of the
learned and sophistical are incomparably more so.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such is the <i>infatuation</i> of self-
love.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*faust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>infaustus</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>faustus</i> fortunate, lucky.] <def>Not
favorable; unlucky; unpropitious; sinister.</def> [R.]  <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*faust"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
making unlucky; misfortune; bad luck.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fea`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being infeasible; impracticability.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fea"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable
of being done or accomplished; impracticable.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fea"si*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of quality of being infeasible; infeasibility.</def>  <i>W.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>infectus</i>:
cf. F. <i>infect</i>. See <u>Infect</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Infected.  Cf. <u>Enfect</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Infected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Infecting</u>.] [L. <i>infectus</i>, p. p. of <i>inficere</i> to
put or dip into, to stain, infect; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>facere</i> to make; cf. F. <i>infecter</i>. See <u>Fact</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To taint with morbid matter or any
pestilential or noxious substance or effluvium by which disease is
produced; as, to <i>infect</i> a lancet; to <i>infect</i> an
apartment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To affect with infectious disease; to
communicate infection to; as, <i>infected</i> with the
plague.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Them that were left alive being <i>infected</i> with
this disease.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To communicate to or affect with, as
qualities or emotions, esp. bad qualities; to corrupt; to
contaminate; to taint by the communication of anything noxious or
pernicious.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Infected</i> Ston's daughters with like
heat.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To contaminate with
illegality or to expose to penalty.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To poison; vitiate; pollute; defile.</p>

<p><hw>In*fect"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, infects.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fect"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being infected.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>infection</i>, L. <i>infectio</i> a dyeing.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of infecting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was a strict order against coming to those pits,
and that was only to prevent <i>infection</i>.</blockquote> <i>De
Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which infects, or causes the
communicated disease; any effluvium, miasm, or pestilential matter by
which an infectious disease is caused.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And that which was still worse, they that did thus
break out spread the <i>infection</i> further by their wandering
about with the distemper upon them.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being infected; contamination
by morbific particles; the result of infecting influence; a
prevailing disease; epidemic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The danger was really very great, the <i>infection</i>
being so very violent in London.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which taints or corrupts morally; as,
the <i>infection</i> of vicious principles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was her chance to light<BR>
Amidst the gross <i>infections</i> of those times.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Contamination by illegality,
as in cases of contraband goods; implication.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Sympathetic communication of like
qualities or emotions; influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through all her train the soft <i>infection</i>
ran.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mankind are gay or serious by
<i>infection</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Infection</u>, <u>Contagion</u>.  --
<i>Infection</i> is often used in a definite and limited sense of the
transmission of affections without direct contact of individuals or
immediate application or introduction of the morbific agent, in
contradistinction to <i>contagion</i>, which then implies
transmission by direct contact. <i>Quain</i>. See
<u>Contagious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*fec"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>infectieux</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having qualities that may infect;
communicable or caused by infection; pestilential; epidemic; as, an
<i>infectious</i> fever; <i>infectious</i> clothing;
<i>infectious</i> air; <i>infectious</i> vices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the <i>infectious</i> pestilence.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Corrupting, or tending to corrupt or
contaminate; vitiating; demoralizing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [the court] is necessary for the polishing of
manners . . . but it is <i>infectious</i> even to the best morals to
live always in it.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Contaminating with
illegality; exposing to seizure and forfeiture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Contraband articles are said to be of an
<i>infectious</i> nature.</blockquote> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being easily diffused or
spread; sympathetic; readily communicated; as, <i>infectious</i>
mirth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The laughter was so genuine as to be
<i>infectious</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Contagious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*fec"tious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
infectious manner.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fec"tious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being infectious.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infectivus</i> pertaining to dyeing.] <def>Infectious.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>True love . . . hath an <i>infective</i>
power.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fec"und</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infecundus</i>: cf. F. <i>inf&eacute;cond</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Fecund</u>.] <def>Unfruitful; not producing young; barren;
infertile.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fe*cun"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infecunditas</i>: cf. F. <i>inf&eacute;condit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Want of fecundity or fruitfulness; barrenness; sterility;
unproductiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fe*cun"dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Infecund</u>.] <def>Infertile; barren; unprofitable;
unproductive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fee"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Enfeeble</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fe*lic"i*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
felicitous; unhappy; unfortunate; not fortunate or appropriate in
application; not well said, expressed, or done; as, an
<i>infelicitous</i> condition; an <i>infelicitous</i> remark; an
<i>infelicitous</i> description; <i>infelicitous</i> words.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fe*lic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Infelicities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>infelicitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>inf&eacute;licit&eacute;</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Felicity</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being
infelicitous; unhappiness; misery; wretchedness; misfortune; want of
suitableness or appropriateness.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever is the ignorance and <i>infelicity</i> of the
present state, we were made wise and happy.</blockquote>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That (as an act, word, expression, etc.)
which is infelicitous; as, <i>infelicities</i> of speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fe*lo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
felonious, malignant, or criminal.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"felt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>felt</i>.] <def>Felt inwardly; heartfelt.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The baron stood afar off, or knelt in submissive,
acknowledged, <i>infelt</i> inferiority.</blockquote>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`feo*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>See <u>Infeudation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*feoff"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>See <u>Enfeoff</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*feoff"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>See <u>Enfeoffment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inferred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inferring</u>.] [L. <i>inferre</i> to bring into, bring forward,
occasion, infer; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>ferre</i> to carry, bring:
cf. F. <i>inf&eacute;rer</i>. See 1 st <u>Bear</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring on; to induce; to occasion.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To offer, as violence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring forward, or employ as an
argument; to adduce; to allege; to offer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Full well hath Clifford played the orator,<BR>
<i>Inferring</i> arguments of mighty force.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To derive by deduction or by induction; to
conclude or surmise from facts or premises; to accept or derive, as a
consequence, conclusion, or probability; to imply; as, I
<i>inferred</i> his determination from his silence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>infer</i> is nothing but by virtue of one
proposition laid down as true, to draw in another as
true.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such opportunities always <i>infer</i>
obligations.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To show; to manifest; to prove.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The first part is not the proof of the second, but
rather contrariwise, the second <i>inferreth</i> well the
first.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This doth <i>infer</i> the zeal I had to see
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 759 !></p>

<p><hw>In*fer"a*ble</hw> (&ibreve;n*f&etilde;r"&adot;*b'l or
&ibreve;n*f&ebreve;r"-; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being inferred or deduced from premises.</def> [Written also
<i>inferrible</i>.]  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sufficient argument . . . is <i>inferable</i> from
these premises.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"fer*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Infer</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of inferring by
deduction or induction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though it may chance to be right in the conclusions,
it is yet unjust and mistaken in the method of
<i>inference</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which inferred; a truth or
proposition drawn from another which is admitted or supposed to be
true; a conclusion; a deduction.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>inferences</i>, or conclusions, are the
effects of reasoning, and the three propositions, taken all together,
are called syllogism, or argument.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Conclusion; deduction; consequence.  --
<u>Inference</u>, <u>Conclusion</u>. An <i>inference</i> is literally
that which is <i>brought in</i>; and hence, a deduction or induction
from premises, -- something which follows as certainly or probably
true. A <i>conclusion</i> is stronger than an <i>inference</i>; it
<i>shuts us up</i> to the result, and terminates inquiry. We
<i>infer</i> what is particular or probable; we <i>conclude</i> what
is certain. In a chain of reasoning we have many <i>inferences</i>,
which lead to the ultimate <i>conclusion</i>. "An <i>inference</i> is
a proposition which is perceived to be true, because of its
connection with some known fact." "When something is simply affirmed
to be true, it is called a <i>proposition</i>; after it has been
found to be true by several reasons or arguments, it is called a
<i>conclusion</i>." <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fer*en"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deduced or
deducible by inference.</def> "<i>Inferential</i> proofs."  <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fer*en"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
inference.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In*fe"ri*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>inferus</i> underneath.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>Sacrifices
offered to the souls of deceased heroes or friends.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fe"ri*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., compar. of
<i>inferus</i> that is below, underneath, the lower; akin to E.
<i>under</i>: cf. F. <i>inf&eacute;rieur</i>. See <u>Under</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lower in place, rank, excellence, etc.;
less important or valuable; subordinate; underneath;
beneath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand <i>inferior</i> and particular
propositions.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The body, or, as some love to call it, our
<i>inferior</i> nature.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether they are equal or <i>inferior</i> to my other
poems, an author is the most improper judge.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Poor or mediocre; as, an <i>inferior</i>
quality of goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Nearer the sun than the earth is; as, the <i>inferior</i> or
interior planets; an <i>inferior</i> conjunction of Mercury or
Venus.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Below the horizon; as, the
<i>inferior</i> part of a meridian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated
below some other organ; -- said of a calyx when free from the ovary,
and therefore below it, or of an ovary with an adherent and therefore
inferior calyx.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>On the side of a
flower which is next the bract; anterior.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Junior or subordinate in
rank; as, an <i>inferior</i> officer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inferior court</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a court subject
to the jurisdiction of another court known as the <i>superior</i>, or
<i>higher</i>, <i>court</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Inferior
letter</b></col>, <col><b>Inferior figure</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>,
<cd>a small letter or figure standing at the bottom of the line
(opposed to <i>superior letter</i> or <i>figure</i>), as in
A<subs>2</subs>, B<subs>n</subs>, 2 and <i>n</i> are <i>inferior</i>
characters.</cd> -- <col><b>Inferior tide</b></col>, <cd>the tide
corresponding to the moon's transit of the meridian, when below the
horizon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*fe"ri*or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person lower in
station, rank, intellect, etc., than another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A great person gets more by obliging his
<i>inferior</i> than by disdaining him.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fe`ri*or"i*ty</hw> (?), [Cf. F.
<i>inf&eacute;riorit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state of being inferior;
a lower state or condition; as, <i>inferiority</i> of rank, of
talents, of age, of worth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A deep sense of our own great
<i>inferiority</i>.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fe"ri*or*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inferior manner, or on the inferior part.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fer"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>infernal</i>,
L. <i>infernalis</i>, fr. <i>infernus</i> that which lies beneath,
the lower. See <u>Inferior</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to or suitable for the
lower regions, inhabited, according to the ancients, by the dead;
pertaining to Pluto's realm of the dead, the Tartarus of the
ancients.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Elysian fields, the <i>infernal</i>
monarchy.</blockquote> <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, resembling, or
inhabiting, hell; suitable for hell, or to the character of the
inhabitants of hell; hellish; diabolical; as, <i>infernal</i>
spirits, or conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The instruments or abettors in such <i>infernal</i>
dealings.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Infernal machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine or apparatus
maliciously designed to explode, and destroy life or property.</cd> -
- <col><b>Infernal stone</b></col> <cd>(<i>lapis infernalis</i>),
lunar caustic; formerly so called. The name was also applied to
caustic potash.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tartarean; Stygian; hellish; devilish; diabolical;
satanic; fiendish; malicious.</p>

<p><hw>In*fer"nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of
the infernal regions; also, the place itself.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fer"nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an infernal
manner; diabolically.</def> "<i>Infernally</i> false."  <i>Bp.
Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fe*ro*bran"chi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Inferobranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fe*ro*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Inferobranchiate</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of
marine gastropod mollusks, in which the gills are between the foot
and the mantle.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fe*ro*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inferus</i> lower + E. <i>branchiate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the gills on the sides of the body, under the margin of
the mantle; belonging to the Inferobranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fer"ri*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inferable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fer"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infertilis</i>: cf. F. <i>infertile</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Fertile</u>.] <def>Not fertile; not productive; barren; sterile;
as, an <i>infertile</i> soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fer"tile*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
infertile manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fer*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infertilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>infertilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
state or quality of being infertile; unproductiveness;
barrenness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>infertility</i> or noxiousness of the
soil.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>infestus</i>.
See <u>Infest</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Mischievous;
hurtful; harassing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fest"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Infested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Infesting</u>.] [L. <i>infestare</i>, fr. <i>infestus</i>
disturbed, hostile, troublesome; <i>in</i> in, against + the root of
<i>defendere</i>: cf. F. <i>infester</i>. See <u>Defend</u>.] <def>To
trouble greatly by numbers or by frequency of presence; to disturb;
to annoy; to frequent and molest or harass; as, fleas <i>infest</i>
dogs and cats; a sea <i>infested</i> with pirates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To poison vermin that <i>infest</i> his
plants.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These, said the genius, are envy, avarice,
superstition, love, with the like cares and passions that
<i>infest</i> human life.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the cares, that <i>infest</i> the day,<BR>
Shall fold their tents, like the Arabs,<BR>
And as silently steal away.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fes*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infestatio</i>: cf. F. <i>infestation</i>.] <def>The act of
infesting or state of being infested; molestation; vexation;
annoyance.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Free from the <i>infestation</i> of
enemies.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fest"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, infests.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fest"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infestivus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Festive</u>.]
<def>Having no mirth; not festive or merry; dull; cheerless; gloomy;
forlorn.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`fes*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
festivity, cheerfulness, or mirth; dullness; cheerlessness.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*fes"tu*ous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infestus</i>. See <u>Infest</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Mischievous; harmful; dangerous.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Infestuous</i>
as serpents."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`feu*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>infeudatio</i>, fr. <i>infeudare</i> to enfeoff: cf. F.
<i>inf&eacute;odation</i>. See <u>Feud</u> a fief.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of putting one in
possession of an estate in fee.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The granting of tithes to laymen.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fib`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infibulare</i>, <i>infibulatum</i>, to clasp, buckle, or button
together; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>fibula</i> clasp, buckle: cf. F.
<i>infibulation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of clasping, or fastening, as with
a buckle or padlock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of attaching a ring, clasp, or
frame, to the genital organs in such a manner as to prevent
copulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"fi*del</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>infidelis</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>fidelis</i> faithful, fr. <i>fides</i>
faith: cf. F. <i>infid&egrave;le</i>. See <u>Fidelity</u>.] <def>Not
holding the faith; -- applied esp. to one who does not believe in the
inspiration of the Scriptures, and the supernatural origin of
Christianity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>infidel</i> writer is a great enemy to
society.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"fi*del</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who does not
believe in the prevailing religious faith; especially, one who does
not believe in the divine origin and authority of Christianity; a
Mohammedan; a heathen; a freethinker.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Infidel</i> is used by English writers to translate the
equivalent word used Mohammedans in speaking of Christians and other
disbelievers in Mohammedanism.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Infidel</u>, <u>Unbeliever</u>,
<u>Freethinker</u>, <u>Deist</u>, <u>Atheist</u>, <u>Sceptic</u>,
<u>Agnostic</u>.  An <i>infidel</i>, in common usage, is one who
denies Christianity and the truth of the Scriptures. Some have
endeavored to widen the sense of <i>infidel</i> so as to embrace
atheism and every form of unbelief; but this use does not generally
prevail. A <i>freethinker</i> is now only another name for an
<i>infidel</i>. An <i>unbeliever</i> is not necessarily a
<i>dis</i>believer or infidel, because he may still be inquiring
after evidence to satisfy his mind; the word, however, is more
commonly used in the extreme sense. A <i>deist</i> believes in one
God and a divine providence, but rejects revelation. An
<i>atheist</i> denies the being of God. A <i>sceptic</i> is one whose
faith in the <i>credibility of evidence</i> is weakened or destroyed,
so that religion, to the same extent, has no practical hold on his
mind. An <i>agnostic</i> remains in a state of suspended judgment,
neither affirming nor denying the existence of a personal Deity.</p>

<p><hw>In`fi*del"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Infidelities</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>infidelitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>infid&eacute;lit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of faith or belief in some religious
system; especially, a want of faith in, or disbelief of, the
inspiration of the Scriptures, of the divine origin of
Christianity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is, indeed, no doubt but that vanity is one of
the principal causes of <i>infidelity</i>.</blockquote> <i>V.
Knox.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unfaithfulness to the marriage vow or
contract; violation of the marriage covenant by adultery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Breach of trust; unfaithfulness to a
charge, or to moral obligation; treachery; deceit; as, the
<i>infidelity</i> of a servant.</def> "The <i>infidelity</i> of
friends."  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*field"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose,
as a field.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In"field`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Arable and manured land kept continually under crop; --
distinguished from <i>outfield</i>.</def> [Scotland]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>The diamond; -- opposed
to <i>outfield</i>. See <u>Diamond</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
5.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*file"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To arrange in
a file or rank; to place in order.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*film"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover with
a film; to coat thinly; as, to <i>infilm</i> one metal with another
in the process of gilding; to <i>infilm</i> the glass of a
mirror.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*fil"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Infiltered</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Infiltering</u>.] [Cf. <u>Infiltrate</u>.]
<def>To filter or sift in.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fil"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Infiltrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Infiltrating</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>in-</i> +
<i>filtrate</i>: cf. F, <i>s'infiltrer</i>.  Cf. <u>Infilter</u>.]
<def>To enter by penetrating the pores or interstices of a substance;
to filter into or through something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The water <i>infiltrates</i> through the porous
rock.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fil"trate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To penetrate
gradually; -- sometimes used reflexively.</def>  <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fil*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>infiltration</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of infiltrating, as of
water into a porous substance, or of a fluid into the cells of an
organ or part of the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The substance which has entered the pores
or cavities of a body.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Calcareous <i>infiltrations</i> filling the
cavities.</blockquote> <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fatty infiltration</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Fatty</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Infiltration gallery</b></col>, <cd>a
filter gallery.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*fil"tra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to infiltration.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"fi*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infinitus</i>: cf. F. <i>infini</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Finite</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unlimited or boundless, in time or space;
as, <i>infinite</i> duration or distance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever is finite, as finite, will admit of no
comparative relation with infinity; for whatever is less than
<i>infinite</i> is still infinitely distant from infinity; and lower
than <i>infinite</i> distance the lowest or least can not
sink.</blockquote> <i>H. Brooke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without limit in power, capacity,
knowledge, or excellence; boundless; immeasurably or inconceivably
great; perfect; as, the <i>infinite</i> wisdom and goodness of God; -
- opposed to <i>finite</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great is our Lord, and of great power; his
understanding is <i>infinite</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxlvii.
5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O God, how <i>infinite</i> thou art!</blockquote>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Indefinitely large or extensive; great;
vast; immense; gigantic; prodigious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Infinite</i> riches in a little room.</blockquote>
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which <i>infinite</i> calamity shall cause<BR>
To human life.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Greater than any assignable
quantity of the same kind; -- said of certain quantities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Capable of endless
repetition; -- said of certain forms of the canon, called also
<i>perpetual fugues</i>, so constructed that their ends lead to their
beginnings, and the performance may be incessantly repeated.</def>
<i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Boundless; immeasurable; illimitable; interminable;
limitless; unlimited; endless; eternal.</p>

<p><hw>In"fi*nite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is infinite; boundless space or duration; infinity;
boundlessness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not till the weight is heaved from off the air, and
the thunders roll down the horizon, will the serene light of God flow
upon us, and the blue <i>infinite</i> embrace us again.</blockquote>
<i>J. Martineau.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>An infinite quantity or
magnitude.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An infinity; an incalculable or very great
number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Glittering chains, embroidered richly o'er<BR>
With <i>infinite</i> of pearls and finest gold.</blockquote>
<i>Fanshawe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The Infinite Being; God; the
Almighty.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"fi*nite*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Without bounds or limits; beyond or below assignable limits; as,
an <i>infinitely</i> large or <i>infinitely</i> small
quantity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very; exceedingly; vastly; highly;
extremely.</def> "<i>Infinitely</i> pleased."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"fi*nite*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being infinite; infinity; greatness; immensity.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fin*i*tes"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>infinit&eacute;simal</i>, fr. <i>infinit&eacute;sime</i>
infinitely small, fr. L. <i>infinitus</i>. See <u>Infinite</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Infinitely or indefinitely small; less
than any assignable quantity or value; very small.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Infinitesimal calculus</b></col>, <cd>the different and
the integral calculus, when developed according to the method used by
Leibnitz, who regarded the increments given to variables as
infinitesimal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`fin*i*tes"i*mal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>An infinitely small quantity; that which is less than any
assignable quantity.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fin*i*tes"i*mal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
infinitesimals; in infinitely small quantities; in an infinitesimal
degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fin`i*ti"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to the infinite mood.</def> "<i>Infinitival</i> stems."  <i>Fitzed.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fin"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infinitivus</i>: cf. F. <i>infinitif</i>. See <u>Infinite</u>.]
<def>Unlimited; not bounded or restricted; undefined.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Infinitive mood</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>that form of
the verb which merely names the action, and performs the office of a
verbal noun. Some grammarians make two forms in English: (<i>a</i>)
The simple form, as, <i>speak</i>, <i>go</i>, <i>hear</i>, before
which <i>to</i> is commonly placed, as, <i>to speak</i>; <i>to
go</i>; <i>to hear</i>. (<i>b</i>) The form of the imperfect
participle, called the infinitive in <i>-ing</i>; as, <i>going</i> is
as easy as <i>standing</i>.</cd></p>

<p>With the auxiliary verbs <i>may</i>, <i>can</i>, <i>must</i>,
<i>might</i>, <i>could</i>, <i>would</i>, and <i>should</i>, the
simple infinitive is expressed without <i>to</i>; as, you <i>may
speak</i>; they <i>must hear</i>, etc. The infinitive usually omits
<i>to</i> with the verbs <i>let</i>, <i>dare</i>, <i>do</i>,
<i>bid</i>, <i>make</i>, <i>see</i>, <i>hear</i>, <i>need</i>, etc.;
as, let me <i>go</i>; you dare not <i>tell</i>; make him <i>work</i>;
hear him <i>talk</i>, etc.</p>

<p>&fist; In Anglo-Saxon, the simple infinitive was not preceded by
<i>to</i> (the sign of modern simple infinitive), but it had a dative
form (sometimes called the gerundial infinitive) which was preceded
by <i>to</i>, and was chiefly employed in expressing purpose. See
<u>Gerund</u>, 2.</p>

<p>The gerundial ending (-<i>anne</i>) not only took the same form as
the simple infinitive (-<i>an</i>), but it was confounded with the
present participle in -<i>ende</i>, or -<i>inde</i> (later -
<i>inge</i>).</p>

<p><hw>In*fin"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>An infinitive form of the verb; a verb in the infinitive mood;
the infinitive mood.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fin"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>In the manner of an infinitive mood.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`fi*ni"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Infinite; perpetual, as a canon whose end leads
back to the beginning. See <u>Infinite</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
5.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fin"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being infinite, or
without limits; infiniteness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Infinite extent; unlimited space;
immensity; infinity.</def> "I am who fill <i>infinitude</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As pleasing to the fancy, as speculations of eternity
or <i>infinitude</i> are to the understanding.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Boundless number; countless
multitude.</def> "An <i>infinitude</i> of distinctions."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fin"i*tu`ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Quadruple</u>.] <def>Multiplied an infinite number of times.</def>
[R.]  <i>Wollaston.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Infinities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>infinitas</i>; pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>finis</i> boundary, limit, end: cf. F.
<i>infinit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Finite</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unlimited extent of time, space, or
quantity; eternity; boundlessness; immensity.</def>  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There can not be more <i>infinities</i> than one; for
one of them would limit the other.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unlimited capacity, energy, excellence, or
knowledge; as, the <i>infinity</i> of God and his perfections.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Endless or indefinite number; great
multitude; as an <i>infinity</i> of beauties.</def>
<i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><! p. 760 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A quantity greater than any
assignable quantity of the same kind.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Mathematically considered, infinity is always a limit of a
variable quantity, resulting from a particular supposition made upon
the varying element which enters it.  <i>Davies &amp; Peck (Math.
Dict.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>That part of a line, or of
a plane, or of space, which is infinitely distant. In modern
geometry, parallel lines or planes are sometimes treated as lines or
planes meeting at infinity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Circle at infinity</b></col>, <cd>an imaginary circle at
infinity, through which, in geometry of three dimensions, every
sphere is imagined to pass.</cd> -- <col><b>Circular points at
infinity</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Circular</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*firm"</hw> (&ibreve;n*f&etilde;rm"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>infirmus</i>: cf. F. <i>infirme</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Firm</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not firm
or sound; weak; feeble; as, an <i>infirm</i> body; an <i>infirm</i>
constitution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A poor, <i>infirm</i>, weak, and despised old
man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weak of mind or will; irresolute;
vacillating.</def> "An <i>infirm</i> judgment."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Infirm</i> of purpose!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not solid or stable; insecure;
precarious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He who fixes on false principles treads or
<i>infirm</i> ground.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Debilitated; sickly; feeble; decrepit; weak;
enfeebled; irresolute; vacillating; imbecile.</p>

<p><hw>In*firm"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>infirmare</i> :
cf. F. <i>infirmer</i>.] <def>To weaken; to enfeeble.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fir*ma"ri*an</hw>
(&ibreve;n`f&etilde;r*m&amacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person dwelling in, or having charge of,
an infirmary, esp. in a monastic institution.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*firm"a*ry</hw> (&ibreve;n*f&etilde;rm"&adot;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Infirmaries</b></plw> (-
r&ibreve;z). [Cf. OE. <i>fermerie</i>, OF. <i>enfermerie</i>, F.
<i>infirmerie</i>, LL. <i>infirmaria</i>. See <u>Infirm</u>.] <def>A
hospital, or place where the infirm or sick are lodged and nursed
gratuitously, or where out-patients are treated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*firm"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>infirmatif</i>.] <def>Weakening; annulling, or tending to make
void.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*firm"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
infirmary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*firm"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Infirmities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>infirmitas</i> : cf. F.
<i>infirmite</i>. See <u>Infirm</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being infirm; feebleness; an
imperfection or weakness; esp., an unsound, unhealthy, or debilitated
state; a disease; a malady; as, <i>infirmity</i> of body or
mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is the <i>infirmity</i> of his age.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A personal frailty or failing; foible;
eccentricity; a weakness or defect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will you be cured of your <i>infirmity</i>
?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A friend should bear his friend's
<i>infirmities</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The house has also its
<i>infirmities</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Debility; imbecility; weakness; feebleness;
failing; foible; defect; disease; malady. See <u>Debility</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*firm"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an infirm
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*firm"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Infirmity;
feebleness.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Infixed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Infixing</u>.] [L. <i>infixus</i>, p. p of <i>infigere</i> to
infix; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>figere</i> to fix: cf. F.
<i>infixer</i>. See <u>Fix</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set; to
fasten or fix by piercing or thrusting in; as, to <i>infix</i> a
sting, spear, or dart.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fatal dart a ready passage found,<BR>
And deep within her heart <i>infixed</i> the wound.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To implant or fix; to instill; to
inculcate, as principles, thoughts, or instructions; as, to
<i>infix</i> good principles in the mind, or ideas in the
memory.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"fix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
infixed.</def> [R.]  <i>Welsford.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flame"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inflamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inflaming</u>.] [OE. <i>enflamen</i>, OF. <i>enflamer</i>, F.
<i>enflammer</i>, L. <i>inflammare</i>, <i>inflammatum</i>; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>flammare</i> to flame, fr. <i>flamma</i> flame.
See <u>Flame</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set on fire; to kindle;
to cause to burn, flame, or glow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We should have made retreat<BR>
By light of the <i>inflamed</i> fleet.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To kindle or intensify, as passion
or appetite; to excite to an excessive or unnatural action or heat;
as, to <i>inflame</i> desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though more, it seems,<BR>
<i>Inflamed</i> with lust than rage.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But, O <i>inflame</i> and fire our
hearts.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To provoke to anger or rage; to
exasperate; to irritate; to incense; to enrage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It will <i>inflame</i> you; it will make you
mad.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To put in a state of
inflammation; to produce morbid heat, congestion, or swelling, of;
as, to <i>inflame</i> the eyes by overwork.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To exaggerate; to enlarge upon.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote> A friend exaggerates a man's virtues, an enemy
<i>inflames</i> his crimes.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To provoke; fire; kindle; irritate; exasperate;
incense; enrage; anger; excite; arouse.</p>

<p><hw>In*flame"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow morbidly
hot, congested, or painful; to become angry or incensed.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flamed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Set on fire; enkindled; heated; congested;
provoked; exasperated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Represented as burning, or
as adorned with tongues of flame.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flam"er</hw> (?n-fl&amacr;m\'b6?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The person or thing that inflames.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flam"ma*bil"l*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inflammabilite</i>.] <def>Susceptibility of taking fire readily;
the state or quality of being inflammable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flam"ma*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>inflammable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being easily
set fire; easily enkindled; combustible; as, <i>inflammable</i> oils
or spirits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excitable; irritable; irascible; easily
provoked; as, an <i>inflammable</i> temper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inflammable air</b></col>, <cd>the old chemical name for
hydrogen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*flam"ma*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inflammable; inflammability.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flam"ma*bly</hw>
(&ibreve;n*fl&abreve;m"m&adot;*bl&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In an inflammable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flam*ma"tion</hw>
(&ibreve;n*fl&abreve;m*m&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>inflammatio</i>: cf. F. <i>inflammation</i>. See
<u>Inflame</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inflaming,
kindling, or setting on fire; also, the state of being
inflamed.</def> "The <i>inflammation</i> of fat."
<i>Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition of any
part of the body, consisting in congestion of the blood vessels, with
obstruction of the blood current, and growth of morbid tissue. It is
manifested outwardly by redness and swelling, attended with heat and
pain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Violent excitement; heat; passion;
animosity; turbulence; as, an <i>inflammation</i> of the mind, of the
body politic, or of parties.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flam"ma*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inflammatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flam"ma*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inflammatoire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending to inflame,
kindle, or irritate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to excite anger, animosity,
tumult, or sedition; seditious; as, <i>inflammatory</i> libels,
writings, speeches, or publications.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Accompanied with, or tending
to cause, preternatural heat and excitement of arterial action; as,
an <i>inflammatory</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inflammatory crust</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Buffy coat</i>, under <u>Buffy</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Inflammatory
fever</b></col>, <cd>a variety of fever due to inflammation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*flat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
inflated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inflatus</i>, p. p. of <i>inflare</i> to inflate; pref. <i>in-</i>
in + <i>flare</i> to blow. See <u>Blow</u> to puff wind.] <def>Blown
in; inflated.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flate"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inflated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inflating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swell or distend with
air or gas; to dilate; to expand; to enlarge; as, to <i>inflate</i> a
bladder; to <i>inflate</i> the lungs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When passion's tumults in the bosom rise,<BR>
<i>Inflate</i> the features, and enrage the eyes.</blockquote> <i>J.
Scott of Amwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To swell; to puff up; to elate; as,
to <i>inflate</i> one with pride or vanity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Inflate</i> themselves with some insane
delight.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to become unduly expanded or
increased; as, to <i>inflate</i> the currency.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flate"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To expand; to
fill; to distend.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Filled, as with air or gas; blown up; distended; as, a balloon
<i>inflated</i> with gas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Turgid; swelling; puffed up; bombastic;
pompous; as, an <i>inflated</i> style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Inflated</i> and astrut with self-
conceit.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Hollow and distended, as a
perianth, corolla, nectary, or pericarp.</def>  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Distended or enlarged fictitiously; as,
<i>inflated</i> prices, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, inflates; as, the <i>inflaters</i> of the stock
exchange.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flat"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner
tending to inflate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fla"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inflatio</i>: cf. F. <i>inflation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of inflating, or the state of being inflated,
as with air or gas; distention; expansion; enlargement.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being puffed up, as with
pride; conceit; vanity.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Undue expansion or increase, from
overissue; -- said of currency.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>In*fla"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favors
an increased or very large issue of paper money.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>||In*fla"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Inflate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A blowing or breathing
into; inflation; inspiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The divine breath that blows the nostrils out<BR>
To ineffable <i>inflatus</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inflected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inflecting</u>.] [L. <i>inflectere</i>, <i>inflexum</i>; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>flectere</i> to bend. See <u>Flexible</u>, and cf.
<u>Inflex</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn from a direct line or
course; to bend; to incline, to deflect; to curve; to bow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Are they [the rays of the sun] not reflected,
refracted, and <i>inflected</i> by one and the same principle
?</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To vary, as a noun or a
verb in its terminations; to decline, as a noun or adjective, or to
conjugate, as a verb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To modulate, as the voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flect"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bent; turned; deflected.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Having inflections; capable
of, or subject to, inflection; inflective.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inflected cycloid</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a prolate
cycloid. See <u>Cycloid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*flec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inflexio</i> : cf. F. <i>inflexion</i>. See <u>Inflect</u>.]
[Written also <i>inflecxion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
inflecting, or the state of being inflected.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bend; a fold; a curve; a turn; a
twist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A slide, modulation, or accent of the
voice; as, the rising and the falling <i>inflection</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The variation or change
which words undergo to mark case, gender, number, comparison, tense,
person, mood, voice, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
change or modification in the pitch or tone of the voice.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A departure from the monotone, or reciting
note, in chanting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Diffraction</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Point of inflection</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the
point on opposite sides of which a curve bends in contrary
ways.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*flec"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to inflection; having, or characterized by,
inflection.</def>  <i>Max M&uuml;ller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of, or pertaining to, inflection; deflecting; as, the
<i>inflective</i> quality of the air.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Inflectional; characterized
by variation, or change in form, to mark case, tense, etc.; subject
to inflection.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inflective language</b></col> <i>(Philol.)</i>, <cd>a
language like the Greek or Latin, consisting largely of stems with
variable terminations or suffixes which were once independent words.
English is both agglutinative, as, <i>manlike</i>, <i>headache</i>,
and inflective, as, <i>he</i>, <i>his</i>, <i>him</i>.  Cf.
<u>Agglutinative</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*flesh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
incarnate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Flex</u>,
<u>Inflect</u>.] <def>To bend; to cause to become curved; to make
crooked; to deflect.</def>  <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flexed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Turned; bent.</def>  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bent or turned abruptly
inwards, or toward the axis, as the petals of a flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flex"i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inflexibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
inflexible, or not capable of being bent or changed; unyielding
stiffness; inflexibleness; rigidity; firmness of will or purpose;
unbending pertinacity; steadfastness; resoluteness; unchangeableness;
obstinacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inflexibility</i> of mechanism.</blockquote>
<i>A. Baxter.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That grave <i>inflexibility</i> of soul.</blockquote>
<i>Churchill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The purity and <i>inflexibility</i> of their
faith.</blockquote> <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flex"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inflexiblis</i>: cf. F. <i>inflexible</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Flexible</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not capable of being bent;
stiff; rigid; firm; unyielding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Firm in will or purpose; not to be turned,
changed, or altered; resolute; determined; unyieding; inexorable;
stubborn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>Inflexible</i>as steel."</blockquote>
<i>Miltom.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of upright and <i>inflexible</i> temper . . .
can overcome all private fear.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of change; unalterable;
immutable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nature of things is
<i>inflexible</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- -- Unbending; unyielding; rigid; inexorable;
pertinacious; obstinate; stubborn; unrelenting.</p>

<p><hw>In*flex"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being inflexible; inflexibility; rigidity;
firmness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flex"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inflexible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flex"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inflection.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*flex"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inflective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>Inflexive</i> endings."</blockquote> <i>W. E.
Jelf.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inflexible.</def> [R.]  "Foes
<i>inflexive</i>."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flex"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inflection;
a bend or fold.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inflicted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inflicting</u>.] [L. <i>inflictus</i>, p. p. of <i>infligere</i>
to strike on, to inflict; pref. <i>in-</i> in, on + <i>fligere</i> to
strike.  Cf. <u>Flail</u>.] <def>To give, cause, or produce by
striking, or as if by striking; to apply forcibly; to lay or impose;
to send; to cause to bear, feel, or suffer; as, to <i>inflict</i>
blows; to <i>inflict</i> a wound with a dagger; to <i>inflict</i>
severe pain by ingratitude; to <i>inflict</i> punishment on an
offender; to <i>inflict</i> the penalty of death on a
criminal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What heart could wish, what hand <i>inflict</i>, this
dire disgrace?</blockquote> <i>Drygen.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The persecution and the pain<BR>
That man <i>inflicts</i> on all inferior kinds.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flict"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
inflicts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God is the sole and immediate <i>inflicter</i> of such
strokes.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inflictio</i>: cf. F. <i>infliction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of inflicting or imposing; as, the <i>infliction</i> of
torment, or of punishment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is inflicted or imposed, as
punishment, disgrace, calamity, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His severest <i>inflictions</i> are in themselves acts
of justice and righteousness.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flict"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inflictif</i>.] <def>Causing infliction; acting as an
infliction.</def>  <i>Whitehead.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`flo*res"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inflorescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>inflorescere</i> to begin to
blossom; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>florescere</i> to begin to blossom:
cf. F. <i>inflorescence</i>. See <u>Florescent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flowering; the putting forth and unfolding
of blossoms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The mode
of flowering, or the general arrangement and disposition of the
flowers with reference to the axis, and to each other.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An axis on which all the buds are flower
buds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Inflorescence</i> affords an excellent
characteristic mark in distinguishing the species of
plants.</blockquote> <i>Milne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Centrifugal inflorescence</b></col>, <cd>determinate
inflorescence.</cd> -- <col><b>Centripetal inflorescence</b></col>,
<cd>indeterminate inflorescence. See under <u>Determinate</u>, and
<u>Indeterminate</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*flow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flow
in.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"flu*ence</hw> (&ibreve;n"fl&usl;*<i>e</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>influence</i>, fr. L. <i>influens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. See <u>Influent</u>, and cf. <u>Influenza</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flowing in or upon; influx.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God hath his <i>influence</i> into the very essence of
all things.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, in general, the bringing about of
an effect, physical or moral, by a gradual process; controlling power
quietly exerted; agency, force, or tendency of any kind which
affects, modifies, or sways; as, the <i>influence</i> which the sun
exerts on animal and vegetable life; the <i>influence</i> of
education on the mind; the <i>influence</i>, according to
astrologers, of the stars over affairs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Astrologers call the evil <i>influences</i> of the
stars, evil aspects.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Canst thou bind the sweet <i>influences</i> of
Pleiades, or loose the bands of Orion?</blockquote> <i>Job xxxviii.
31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She said : "Ah, dearest lord! what evil star<BR>
On you hath frown'd, and poured, his <i>influence</i>
bad?"</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Power or authority arising from elevated
station, excelence of character or intellect, wealth, etc.;
reputation; acknowledged ascendency; as, he is a man of
<i>influence</i> in the community.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>influence</i> hath your
excellency.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Induction.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Control; persuasion; ascendency; sway; power;
authority; supremacy; mastery; management; restraint; character;
reputation; prestige.</p>

<p><hw>In"flu*ence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Influenced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Influencing</u> (?).] <def>To control or move by power, physical
or moral; to affect by gentle action; to exert an influence upon; to
modify, bias, or sway; to move; to persuade; to induce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These experiments succeed after the same manner in
vacuo as in the open air, and therefore are not <i>influenced</i> by
the weight or pressure of the atmosphere.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This standing revelation . . . is sufficient to
<i>influence</i> their faith and practice, if they
attend.</blockquote> <i>Attebury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The principle which <i>influenced</i> their obedience
has lost its efficacy.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><! p. 761 !></p>

<p><hw>In"flu*en*cer</hw> (&ibreve;n"fl&usl;*<i>e</i>n*s&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
influences.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"flu*en*cive</hw> (-s&ibreve;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tending to influence; influential.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"flu*ent</hw> (-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>influens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>influere</i>,
<i>influxum</i>, to flow in; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>fluere</i> to
flow. See <u>Fluid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flowing in.</def>
"With <i>influent</i> tide." <i>Cowper.</i> "<i>Influent</i> odors."
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exerting influence; influential.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I find no office by name assigned unto Dr. Cox, who
was virtually <i>influent</i> upon all, and most active.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`flu*en"tial</hw> (&ibreve;n`fl&usl;*&ebreve;n"sh<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Influence</u>.] <def>Exerting or
possessing influence or power; potent; efficacious; effective;
strong; having authority or ascendency; as, an <i>influential</i>
man, station, argument, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A very <i>influential</i> Gascon prefix.</blockquote>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`flu*en"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
influential manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`flu*en"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>influenza</i> influence, an epidemic formerly attributed by
astrologers to the influence of the heavenly bodies, influenza. See
<u>Influence</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An epidemic affection
characterized by acute nasal catarrh, or by inflammation of the
throat or the bronchi, and usually accompanied by fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"flux`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>influxus</i>,
fr. <i>influere</i>, <i>influxum</i>, to flow in: cf. F.
<i>influx</i>. See <u>Influent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of flowing in; as, an <i>influx</i> of light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coming in; infusion; intromission;
introduction; importation in abundance; also, that which flows or
comes in; as, a great <i>influx</i> of goods into a country, or an
<i>influx</i> of gold and silver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>influx</i> of food into the Celtic region,
however, was far from keeping pace with the <i>influx</i> of
consumers.</blockquote> <i>Macaulau.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The general <i>influx</i> of Greek into modern
languages.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Influence; power.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flux"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>influxio</i>
: cf. F. <i>influxion</i>.] <def>A flowing in; infusion.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flux"ious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Influential.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*flux"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
tendency to flow in; having influence; influential.</def> [R.]
<i>Holdsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*flux"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
influxion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*fold"</hw> (?n-f?ld\'b6), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Infolded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Infolding</u>.] [Pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>fold</i>.]
[Written also <i>enfold</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wrap up or
cover with folds; to envelop; to inwrap; to inclose; to
involve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gilded tombs do worms <i>infold</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Infold</i> his limbs in bands.</blockquote>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clasp with the arms; to
embrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Noble Banquo, . . . let me <i>infold</i> thee,<BR>
And hold thee to my heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fold"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
infolding; the state of being infolded.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fo"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> in + L. <i>folium</i> leaf.] <def>To cover or overspread with,
or as with, leaves.</def> [R.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>informis</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>forma</i> form, shape: cf. F.
<i>informe</i>] <def>Without regular form; shapeless; ugly;
deformed.</def>  <i>Cotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*form"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>   [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Informed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Informing</u>.] [OE. <i>enformen</i>, OF. <i>enformer</i>, F.
<i>informer</i>. L. <i>informare</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>formare</i> to form, share, fr. <i>forma</i> form. See
<u>Form</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give form or share to; to
give vital or organizing power to; to give life to; to imbue and
actuate with vitality; to animate; to mold; to figure; to
fashion.</def>  "The <i>informing</i> Word." <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let others better mold the running mass<BR>
Of metals, and <i>inform</i> the breathing brass.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Breath <i>informs</i> this fleeting
frame.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Breathes in our soul, <i>informs</i> our mortal
part.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To communicate knowledge to; to make known
to; to acquaint; to advise; to instruct; to tell; to notify; to
enlighten; -- usually followed by <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For he would learn their business secretly,<BR>
And then <i>inform</i> his master hastily.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>informed</i> thoroughly of the
cause.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To communicate a knowledge of facts to, by
way of accusation; to warn against anybody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tertullus . . . <i>informed</i> the governor against
Paul.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxiv. 1.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To acquaint; apprise; tell; teach; instruct;
enlighten; animate; fashion.</p>

<p><hw>In*form"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take form; to become visible or manifest; to appear.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is the bloody business which <i>informs</i><BR>
Thus to mine eyes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give intelligence or information; to
tell.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He might either teach in the same manner, or
<i>inform</i> how he had been taught.</blockquote> <i>Monthly
Rev.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To inform against</b></col>, <cd>to communicate facts by
way of accusation against; to denounce; as, two persons came to the
magistrate, and <i>informed against</i> A.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*form"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>formal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not in the regular,
usual, or established form; not according to official, conventional,
prescribed, or customary forms or rules; irregular; hence, without
ceremony; as, an <i>informal</i> writing, proceeding, or
visit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deranged in mind; out of one's
senses.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These poor <i>informal</i> women.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`for*mal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Informalities</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state of being informal; want of regular, prescribed, or customary
form; as, the <i>informality</i> of legal proceedings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An informal, unconventional, or unofficial
act or proceeding; something which is not in proper or prescribed
form or does not conform to the established rule.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*form"al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
informal manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*form"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>informans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>informare</i>. See
<u>Inform</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, informs, animates, or vivifies.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who imparts information or
instruction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who offers an accusation; an informer.
See <u>Informer</u>.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It was the last evidence of the kind; the
<i>informant</i><BR>
was hanged.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`for*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>informatio</i> representation, conception. See <u>Inform</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
informing, or communicating knowledge or intelligence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The active <i>informations</i> of the
intellect.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>News, advice, or knowledge, communicated
by others or obtained by personal study and investigation;
intelligence; knowledge derived from reading, observation, or
instruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Larger opportunities of
<i>information</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He should get some <i>information</i> in the subject
he intends to handle.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A proceeding in the nature of
a prosecution for some offense against the government, instituted and
prosecuted, really or nominally, by some authorized public officer on
behalf of the government. It differs from an indictment in criminal
cases chiefly in not being based on the finding of a grand jury. See
<u>Indictment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*form"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
power to inform, animate, or vivify.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*form"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of,
or conveying, information; instructive.</def> [R.]  <i>London
Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*formed"</hw> (?n-f?rmd\'b6), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unformed or ill-formed; deformed; shapeless.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Informed stars</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Unformed</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*form"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Inform</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who informs,
animates, or inspires.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature, <i>informer</i> of the poet's
art.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who informs, or imparts knowledge or
news.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who informs a magistrate
of violations of law; one who informs against another for violation
of some law or penal statute.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Common informer</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one who
habitually gives information of the violation of penal statutes, with
a view to a prosecution therefor.</cd>  <i>Bouvier. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*for"mi*da*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>informidabilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Formidable</u>.]
<def>Not formidable; not to be feared or dreaded.</def> [Obs.] "Foe
not <i>informidable</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*form"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>informitas</i>. See <u>Inform</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Want
of regular form; shapelessness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*form"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Inform</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Of irregular form; shapeless.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*for"tu*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infortunatus</i>.] <def>Unlucky; unfortunate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"A most <i>infortunate</i> chance."</blockquote>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*for"tu*nate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*for"tune</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infortunium</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Fortune</u>.]
<def>Misfortune.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*for"tuned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unfortunate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I, woeful wretch and <i>infortuned</i>
wight.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*found"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infundere</i> to pour in. See <u>Infuse</u>.] <def>To pour in; to
infuse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In*"fra</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L.  Cf.
<u>Inferior</u>.] <def>Below; beneath; under; after; -- often used as
a prefix.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra-ax"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Infra</i> + <i>axillary</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Situated below
the axil, as a bud.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*bran"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Infra</i> + <i>branchial</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Below the
gills; -- applied to the ventral portion of the pallial chamber in
the lamellibranchs.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*cla*vic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Infra</i> + <i>clavicular</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Below the
clavicle; as, the <i>infraclavicular</i> fossa.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fract"</hw> (?n-fr&fist;kt\'b6), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infractus</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>fractus</i>. p. p. of
<i>frangere</i> to break.] <def>Not broken or fractured; unharmed;
whole.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fract"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>   [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Infracted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Infracting</u>.] [L. <i>infractus</i>, p. p. of of
<i>infringere</i>. See <u>Infringe</u>.] <def>To break; to
infringe.</def> [R.]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fract"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being broken.</def>[R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*frac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infractio</i>: cf. F. <i>infraction</i>.] <def>The act of
infracting or breaking; breach; violation; nonobservance;
infringement; as, an <i>infraction</i> of a treaty, compact, rule, or
law.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fract"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>infracteur</i>.] <def>One who infracts or infringes; a violator; a
breaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fra"grant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
fragrant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>   [<i>Infra</i> +
<i>hyoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Hyosternal</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*la"bi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Below the lower lip; -- said of certain
scales of reptiles and fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*lap*sa"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Infra</i> + <i>lapse</i>: cf. F. <i>infralapsaire.</i> See
<u>Lapse</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of that class of
Calvinists who consider the decree of election as contemplating the
apostasy as past and the elect as being at the time of election in a
fallen and guilty state; -- opposed to <i>Supralapsarian</i>.  The
former considered the election of grace as a remedy for an existing
evil; the latter regarded the fall as a part of God's original
purpose in regard to men.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*lap*sa"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Theol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Infralapsarians, or to their
doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*lap*sa"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Theor.)</i> <def>The doctrine, belief, or principles of the
Infralapsarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*mar"gin*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Infra</i>
+ <i>marginal</i>.] <def>Below the margin; submarginal; as, an
<i>inframarginal</i> convolution of the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Infra</i> + <i>maxillary</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Under the lower jaw; submaxillary; as, the <i>inframaxillary</i>
nerve.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the lower
iaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*me"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Infra</i> +
<i>median</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;logical Geog.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the interval or zone along the sea bottom, at the depth of between
fifty and one hundred fathoms.</def>  <i>E. Forbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*mun"dane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>   [<i>Infra</i>
+ <i>mundane</i>.] <def>Lying or situated beneath the
world.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fran"chise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Enfranchise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fran`gi*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being infrangible; infrangibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fran"gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>grangible</i>: cf. F. <i>infrangible</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not capable of being broken or separated into
parts; as, <i>infrangible</i> atoms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] link'd their fetlocks with a golden band<BR>
<i>Infrangible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not to be infringed or violated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fran"gi*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being infrangible; infrangibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*oc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Infra</i> +
<i>ocular</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated below the eyes, as
the antenna of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*or"bit*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Infra</i> + <i>orbital</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Below the orbit;
as, the <i>infraorbital</i> foramen; the <i>infraorbital</i>
nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>   [<i>Infra</i>
+ <i>pose</i>.] <def>To place under or beneath.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`fra*po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Infra</i> + <i>position</i>.] <def>A situation or position
beneath.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*scap"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Infra</i>
+ <i>scapular</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Beneath the scapula, or
shoulder blade; subscapular.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*spi"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Infra</i> +
<i>spinal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Below the
vertebral column, subvertebral.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Below
the spine; infraspinate; infraspinous.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`fra*spi"nate</hw> (?), <hw>In`fra*spi*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Infra</i> + <i>spinate</i>, <i>spinous</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Below the spine; infraspinal; esp., below the
spine of the scapula; as, the <i>infraspinous</i> fossa; the
<i>infraspinate</i> muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*sta*pe"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Infra</i> + <i>stapedial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear, which in many
animals projects below the connection with the stapes.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The infrastapedial part of the
columella.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*ster"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Infra</i> +
<i>sternal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Below the sternum; as, the
<i>infrasternal</i> depression, or pit of the stomach.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*tem"po*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Infra</i> + <i>temporal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Below the
temple; below the temporal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*ter"ri*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Infra</i> + <i>territorial</i>.] <def>Within the territory of a
state.</def>  <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fra*troch"le*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Infra</i> + <i>trochlear</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Below a
trochlea, or pulley; -- applied esp. to one of the subdivisions of
the trigeminal nerve.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*fre"quence</hw> (?), <hw>In*fre"quen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>infrequentia</i> scantiness : cf. F.
<i>infrequence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of rarely
occuring; uncommonness; rareness; as, the <i>infrequence</i> of his
visits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of not being frequented;
solitude; isolation; retirement; seclusion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The solitude and <i>infrequency</i> of the
place.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fre"quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infrequens</i> : cf. F. <i>infrequent</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Frequent</u>.] <def>Seldom happening or occurring; rare; uncommon;
unusual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The act whereof is at this day <i>infrequent</i> or
out of use<BR>
among all sorts of men.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fre"quent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not
frequently; rarely.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*frig"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infrigidatus</i>, p. p. of <i>infrigidare</i> to chill. See 1st
<u>In-</u>, and <u>Frigid</u>.] <def>To chill; to make cold; to
cool.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*frig`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infrigidatio</i>.] <def>The act of chilling or causing to become
cold; a chilling; coldness; congelation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fringe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Infringed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Infringing</u> (?).] [L. <i>infringere</i>; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>frangere</i> to break. See <u>Fraction</u>, and
cf. <u>Infract</u> .] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To break; to violate;
to transgress; to neglect to fulfill or obey; as, to <i>infringe</i>
a law or contract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the first that did the edict <i>infringe</i>,<BR>
Had answered for his deed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The peace . . . was <i>infringed</i> by Appius
Claudius.</blockquote> <i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hinder; to destroy; as, to
<i>infringe</i> efficacy; to <i>infringe</i> delight or power.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fringe"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To break, violate, or transgress some contract, rule, or law; to
injure; to offend.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To encroach; to trespass; -- followed by
<i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>; as, to <i>infringe</i> upon the rights of
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fringe"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of infringing; breach; violation;
nonfulfillment; as, the <i>infringement</i> of a treaty, compact,
law, or constitution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The punishing of this <i>infringement</i> is proper to
that<BR>
jurisdiction against which the contempt is.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An encroachment on a patent, copyright, or
other special privilege; a trespass.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*frin"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
infringes or violates; a violator.</def>  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fruc"tu*ose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infructuosus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Fruit</u>.] <def>Not
producing fruit; unfruitful; unprofitable.</def> [R.]  <i>T.
Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fru"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not frugal;
wasteful; as, an <i>infrugal</i> expense of time.</def>  <i>J.
Goodman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fru*gif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
bearing fruit; not fructiferous.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fu*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infucatus</i> painted; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>fucare</i> to
paint, dye. See <u>Fucate</u>.] <def>To stain; to paint; to
daub.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fu*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
painting or staining, especially of painting the face.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In"fu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Infule</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A sort of fillet worn by
dignitaries, priests, and others among the ancient Romans. It was
generally white.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"fu*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Infumated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Infumating</u>.] [L. <i>infumatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>infumare</i> to infumate; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>fumare</i> to
smoke, fr. <i>fumus</i> smoke.] <def>To dry by exposing to smoke; to
expose to smoke.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"fu*ma`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Clouded; having a cloudy
appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fu*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
drying in smoke.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fumed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dried in smoke;
smoked.</def></p>

<p><! p. 762 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`fun*dib"u*lar</hw> (?), <hw>In`fun*dib"u*late</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Infundibulum</u>.] <def>Having the form
of a funnel; pertaining to an infundibulum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Infundibulate Bryozoa</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
group of marine Bryozoa having a circular arrangement of the
tentacles upon the disk.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`fun*dib"u*li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infundibulum</i> funnel + <i>-form</i>: cf. F.
<i>infundibuliforme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of
a funnel or cone; funnel-shaped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Funnelform</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`fun*dib"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
L. <plw><b>Infundibula</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Infundibulums</b></plw> (#). [L., a funnel, from
<i>infundere</i> to pour in or into. See <u>Infuse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A funnel-shaped or dilated
organ or part; as, the <i>infundibulum</i> of the brain, a hollow,
conical process, connecting the floor of the third ventricle with the
pituitary body; the <i>infundibula</i> of the lungs, the enlarged
terminations of the bronchial tubes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
central cavity in the Ctenophora, into which the gastric sac
leads.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The siphon of Cephalopoda. See
<u>Cephalopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fu"ner*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inter
with funeral rites; to bury.</def> [Obs.]  <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fur*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> in + L. <i>furca</i> fork.] <def>A forked expansion or
divergence; a bifurcation; a branching.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fu"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.
<i>infuriato</i>, p. p. of <i>infuriare</i>. See <u>Infuriate</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Enraged; raging; furiously angry;
infuriated.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Inflamed beyond the most <i>infuriate</i>
wrath.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fu"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Infuriated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Infuriating</u>] [It. <i>infuriato</i>, p. p. of
<i>infuriare</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>furia</i>
fury, L. <i>furia</i>. See <u>Fury</u>.] <def>To render furious; to
enrage; to exasperate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those curls of entangled snakes with which Erinys is
said to have <i>infuriated</i> Athemas and Ino.</blockquote> <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fu"ri*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enraged;
furious.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fus"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>infuscatus</i>, p. p. of <i>infuscare</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>fuscare</i> to make dark, fr. <i>fuscus</i> dark.] <def>To darken;
to make black; to obscure.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fus"ca*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Darkened with a blackish tinge.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`fus*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
darkening, or state of being dark; darkness; obscurity.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Infused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Infusing</u>.] [L. <i>infusus</i>, p. p. of <i>infundere</i> to
pour in or into; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>fundere</i> to pour: cf. F.
<i>infuser</i>. See <u>Found</u> to cast.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pour in, as a liquid; to pour (into or upon); to shed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That strong Circean liquor cease to
<i>infuse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To instill, as principles or qualities; to
introduce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That souls of animals <i>infuse</i> themselves Into
the trunks of men.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should he desire to have qualities <i>infused</i>
into his son which himself never possessed?</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To inspire; to inspirit or animate; to
fill; -- followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Infuse</i> his breast with
magnanimity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Infusing</i> him with self and vain
conceit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To steep in water or other fluid without
boiling, for the propose of extracting medicinal qualities; to
soak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One scruple of dried leaves is <i>infused</i> in ten
ounces of warm water.</blockquote> <i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make an infusion with, as an
ingredient; to tincture; to saturate.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fuse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Infusion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fus"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, infuses.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fu`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Infuse</u>.] <def>Capability of being infused, poured in, or
instilled.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fu`si*bil"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>fusibility</i>: cf. F. <i>infusibilit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Incapability or difficulty of being fused, melted, or dissolved;
as, the <i>infusibility</i> of carbon.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fu"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Infuse</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Capable of being
infused.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Doctrines being <i>infusible</i> into
all.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fu"si*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> not
+ <i>fusible</i>: cf. F. <i>infusible</i>.] <def>Not fusible;
incapable or difficult of fusion, or of being dissolved or
melted.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The best crucibles are made of Limoges earth, which
seems absolutely <i>infusible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lavoisier (Trans.
).</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fu"si*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Infusibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>infusio</i> a
pouring in: cf. F. <i>infusion</i>. See <u>Infuse</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of infusing, pouring
in, or instilling; instillation; as, the <i>infusion</i> of good
principles into the mind; the <i>infusion</i> of ardor or
zeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our language has received innumerable elegancies and
improvements from that <i>infusion</i> of Hebraisms.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is infused; suggestion;
inspiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His folly and his wisdom are of his own growth, not
the echo or <i>infusion</i> of other men.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of plunging or dipping into a
fluid; immersion.</def> [Obs.] "Baptism by <i>infusion</i>."
<i>Jortin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Pharmacy)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
act or process of steeping or soaking any substance in water in order
to extract its virtues.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The liquid
extract obtained by this process.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sips meek <i>infusion</i> of a milder
herb.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*fu"sion*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine that the soul is preexistent to the body, and is infused
into it at conception or birth; -- opposed to <i>traducianism</i> and
<i>creationism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
power of infusion; inspiring; influencing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>infusive</i> force of Spirit on
man.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In`fu*so"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.; -- so
called because found in infusions which are left exposed to the air
for a time. See <u>Infuse</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
classes of Protozoa, including a large number of species, all of
minute size.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are found in all seas, lakes, ponds, and streams, as
well as in infusions of organic matter exposed to the air. They are
distinguished by having vibrating lashes or cilia, with which they
obtain their food and swim about.  They are devided into the orders
Flagellata, Ciliata, and Tentaculifera. See these words in the
Vocabulary.</p>

<p>   Formely the term <i>Infusoria</i> was applied to all
microscopic organisms found in water, including many minute plants,
belonging to the diatoms, as well as minute animals belonging to
various classes, as the Rotifera, which are worms; and the Rhizopoda,
which constitute a distinct class of Protozoa. Fossil Infusoria are
mostly the siliceous shells of diatoms; sometimes they are siliceous
skeletons of Radiolaria, or the calcareous shells of
Foraminifera.</p>

<p><hw>In`fu*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Infusoria; composed of, or
containing, Infusoria; as, <i>infusorial</i> earth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Infusorial earth</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a deposit
of fine, usually white, siliceous material, composed mainly of the
shells of the microscopic plants called <i>diatoms</i>. It is used in
polishing powder, and in the manufacture of dynamite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`fu*so"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Infusoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fu"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Infusorial.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fu"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Infusories</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the Infusoria; -- usually in the <i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>-ing</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [For OE. <i>-and</i>, <i>-
end</i>, <i>-ind</i>, AS. <i>-ende</i>; akin to Goth. <i>-and-</i>,
L. <i>-ant-</i>, <i>-ent-</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>A suffix used to from
present participles; as, sing<i>ing</i>, play<i>ing</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [OE. <i>-ing</i>, AS. <i>-ing</i>, <i>-
ung</i>.] <def>A suffix used to form nouns from verbs, and signifying
the act of; the result of the act; as, rid<i>ing</i>, dy<i>ing</i>,
feel<i>ing</i>. It has also a secondary collective force; as,
shipp<i>ing</i>, cloth<i>ing</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Old English ending of the present participle and verbal
noun became confused, both becoming <i>-ing</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [AS. <i>-ing</i>.] <def>A suffix formerly used
to form diminutives; as, lord<i>ing</i>, farth<i>ing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ing</i>.] <def>A
pasture or meadow; generally one lying low, near a river.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>In`gan*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>ingannare</i> to decieve.] <def>Cheat; deception.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"gate`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Entrance; ingress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which hath in charge the <i>ingate</i> of the
year.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>The aperture in a mold
for pouring in the metal; the gate.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"gath`er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
business of gathering or collecting anything; especially, the
gathering of the fruits of the earth; harvest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt keep . . . the feast of
<i>ingathering</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxii. 16.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gel"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
congealable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*gem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingeminatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Redoubled; repeated.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ingeminated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ingeminating</u> (?).] [L. <i>ingeminatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>ingeminare</i> to double; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>geminare</i>. See <u>Geminate</u>.] <def>To redouble or repeat; to
reiterate.</def>  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> . . . She yet <i>ingeminates</i><BR>
The last of sounds, and what she hears relates.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gem`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Repetition; reduplication; reiteration.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That Sacred <i>ingemination</i>, Amen,
Amen.</blockquote> <i>Featley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Happiness with an echo or
<i>ingemination</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holdsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In*ge"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The gorilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*gen"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Engender</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*gen`er*a*bil"l*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Incapacity of being engendered or produced.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gen"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>generable</i>: cf. F. <i>ingenerable</i>.]
<def>Incapable of being engendered or produced; original.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gen"er*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ingenerable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*gen"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingeneratus</i>, p. p. of <i>ingenerare</i>. See engender]
<def>Generated within; inborn; innate; as, <i>ingenerate</i> powers
of body.</def>  <i>W. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those virtues were rather feigned and affected . . .
than true qualities <i>ingenerate</i> in his judgment.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gen"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ingenerat</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ingenerating</u> (?).] <def>To generate or produce
within; to beget; to engender; to occasion; to cause.</def>
<i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those noble habits are <i>ingenerated</i> in the
soul.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gen`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
ingenerating.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ge"ni*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ingenious</u>.] <def>To invent; to contrive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ge*nie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Ingeny</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ge`ni*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>ingeniositas</i>.] <def>Ingenuity; skill; cunning.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gen"ious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingeniosus</i>, fr. <i>ingenium</i> innate or natural quality,
natural capacity, genius: cf. F. <i>ing&eacute;nieux</i>. See
<u>Engine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessed of genius, or the
faculty of invention; skillful or promp to invent; having an aptitude
to contrive, or to form new combinations; as, an <i>ingenious</i>
author, mechanic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man . . . very wise and <i>ingenious</i> in feats of
war.</blockquote> <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou, king, send out<BR>
For torturers <i>ingenious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The more <i>ingenious</i> men are, the more apt are
they to trouble themselves.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from, pertaining to, or
characterized by, genius or ingenuity; of curious design, structure,
or mechanism; as, an <i>ingenious</i> model, or machine; an
<i>ingenious</i> scheme, contrivance, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus men go wrong with an <i>ingenious</i>
skill.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Witty; shrewd; adroit; keen; sagacious;
as, an <i>ingenious</i> reply.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mental; intellectual.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A course of learning and <i>ingenious</i>
studies.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gen"ious*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ingenious manner; with ingenuity; skillfully; wittily;
cleverly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Too <i>ingeniously</i> politic."</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gen"ious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being ingenious; ingenuity.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*gen"ite</hw>, <hw>In*gen"it</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ingenitus</i>, p. p. of <i>ingignere</i>
to instill by birth or nature; pref. <i>in-</i> + <i>gignere</i> to
beget.] <def>Innate; inborn; inbred; inherent; native;
ingenerate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is natural or <i>ingenite</i>, which comes by some
defect of the organs and overmuch brain.</blockquote>
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ge*nu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingenuitas</i> ingenuousness: cf. F.
<i>ing&eacute;nuit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Ingenuous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or power of ready invention;
quickness or acuteness in forming new combinations; ingeniousness;
skill in devising or combining.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the means which human <i>ingenuity</i> has
contrived.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Curiousness, or cleverness in design or
contrivance; as, the <i>ingenuity</i> of a plan, or of
mechanism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gives . . . <BR>
To artist <i>ingenuity</i> and skill.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Openness of heart; ingenuousness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The stings and remorses of natural <i>ingenuity</i>, a
principle that men scarcely ever shake off, as long as they carry
anything of human nature about them.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inventiveness; ingeniousness; skill; cunning;
cleverness; genius.  -- <u>Ingenuity</u>, <u>Cleverness</u>.
<i>Ingenuity</i> is a form of genius, and <i>cleverness</i> of
talent. The former implies invention, the letter a peculiar dexterity
and readiness of execution. Sir James Mackintosh remarks that the
English overdo in the use of the word <i>clever</i> and
<i>cleverness</i>, applying them loosely to almost every form of
intellectual ability.</p>

<p><hw>In*gen"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingenuus</i> inborn, innate, freeborn, noble, frank; pref. <i>in-
</i> in + the root of <i>gignere</i> to beget. See <u>Genius</u>, and
cf. <u>Ingenious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of honorable
extraction; freeborn; noble; as, <i>ingenuous</i> blood of
birth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Noble; generous; magnanimous; honorable;
upright; high-minded; as, an <i>ingenuous</i> ardor or
zeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If an <i>ingenuous</i> detestation of falsehood be but
carefully and early instilled, that is the true and genuine method to
obviate dishonesty.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Free from reserve, disguise, equivocation,
or dissimulation; open; frank; as, an <i>ingenuous</i> man; an
<i>ingenuous</i> declaration, confession, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sensible in myself . . . what a burden it is for me,
who would be <i>ingenuous</i>, to be loaded with courtesies which he
hath not the least hope to requite or deserve.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Ingenious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; (Formerly) printers did not discriminate between . . .
<i>ingenuous</i> and <i>ingenious</i>, and these words were used or
rather printed interchangeably almost to the beginning of the
eighteenth century.  <i>G. P. Marsh.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Open; frank; unreserved; artless; plain; sincere;
candid; fair; noble; generous.  -- <u>Ingenuous</u>, <u>Open</u>,
<u>Frank</u>. One who is <i>open</i> speaks out at once what is
uppermost in his mind; one who is <i>frank</i> does it from a natural
boldness, or dislike of self-restraint; one who is <i>ingenuous</i>
is actuated by a native simplicity and artlessness, which make him
willing to confess faults, and make known his sentiments without
reserve. See <u>Candid</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*gen"u*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ingenuous manner; openly; fairly; candidly; artlessly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being required to explain himself, he
<i>ingenuously</i> confessed.</blockquote> <i>Ludlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gen"u*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being ingenuous;
openness of heart; frankness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ingenuity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ge*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ingenium</i>.
See <u>Ingenious</u>.] <def>Natural gift or talent; ability; wit;
ingenuity.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>ingenie</i>.]
<i>Becon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ger"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause
to germinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*gest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingenium</i>, p. p. of <i>ingerere</i> to put in; pref. <i>in-</i>
in + <i>gerere</i> to bear.] <def>To take into, or as into, the
stomach or alimentary canal.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In*ges"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ingest</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>That which is introduced into
the body by the stomach or alimentary canal; -- opposed to
<i>egesta</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ges"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingestio</i>: cf. F. <i>ingestion</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The
act of taking or putting into the stomach; as, the <i>ingestion</i>
of milk or other food.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In*ghal"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The reedbuck of South Africa.</def> [Written
also <i>ingali</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>In*girt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ingirt</u>.] <def>To encircle; to gird; to engirt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wreath is ivy that <i>ingirts</i> our
beams.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*girt"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Surrounded;
encircled.</def>  <i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"gle</hw> (&ibreve;&nsm;"g'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. &
Ir. <i>aingeali</i> fire; cf. L. <i>igniculusi</i> spark, dim. of
<i>ignis</i> fire.  Cf. <u>Ignite</u>.] <def>Flame; blaze; a fire; a
fireplace.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ingle nook</b></col>, <cd>the chimney corner.</cd> --
<col><b>Ingle side</b></col>, <col><b>Ingle cheek</b></col>, <cd>the
fireside.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>engle</i>,
<i>enghle</i>: cf. Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>aingeal</i> an angel.  Cf.
<u>Engle</u>.] <def>A paramour; a favourite; a sweetheart; an
engle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Toone.</i></p>

<p><! p. 763 !></p>

<p><hw>In"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cajole or
coax; to wheedle. See <u>Engle</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*glo"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In the form of
a globe or sphere; -- applied to nebulous matter collected into a
sphere by the force of gravitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*globe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To infix, as
in a globe; to fix or secure firmly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*glo"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inglorious</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>gloria</i> glory, fame:
cf. F. <i>inglorieux</i>. See <u>Glory</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not glorious; not bringing honor or glory;
not accompanied with fame, honor, or celebrity; obscure; humble; as,
an <i>inglorious</i> life of ease.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My next desire is, void of care and strife,<BR>
To lead a soft, secure, <i>inglorious</i> life.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some mute <i>inglorious</i> Milton here may
rest.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shameful; disgraceful; ignominious; as,
<i>inglorious</i> flight, defeat, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Inglorious</i> shelter in an alien
land.</blockquote> <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*glo"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inglorious manner; dishonorably; with shame; ignominiously;
obscurely.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*glo"ri*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being inglorious.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*glut"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To glut.</def>
[R.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*glu"vi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the ingluvies or crop of
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In*glu"vi*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The crop, or craw, of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*glu"vi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Gluttonous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"-go`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
going in; entrance.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"-go`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going; entering, as
upon an office or a possession; as, an <i>in-going</i>
tenant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*gorge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Engorge</u>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"got</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from AS.
<i>in</i> in + <i>ge&oacute;tan</i> to pour: cf. F. <i>linglot</i>,
LL. <i>lingotus</i> a mass of gold or silver, extended in the manner
of a tongue, and G. <i>einguss</i>, LG. &amp; OE. <i>ingot</i> ingot, a
mold for casting metals in. See <u>Found</u> to cast, and cf.
<u>Linget</u>, <u>Lingot</u>, <u>Nugget</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That in which metal is cast; a mold.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And from the fire he took up his matter<BR>
And in the <i>ingot</i> put it with merry cheer.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bar or wedge of steel, gold, or other
malleable metal, cast in a mold; a mass of unwrought cast
metal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wrought <i>ingots</i> from Besoara's
mine.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Jones.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ingot mold</b></col>, <cd>a box or mold in which ingots
are cast.</cd> -- <col><b>Ingot iron</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Decarbonized steel</i>, under <u>Decarbonize</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*grace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
in + <i>grace</i>.] <def>To ingratiate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>G.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gra"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>gracious</i>.] <def>Ungracious; unkind.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*graff"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ingraft</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*graft"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ingrafted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ingrafting</u>.] [Written also <i>engraft</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To insert, as a scion of one tree, shrub,
or plant in another for propagation; as, to <i>ingraft</i> a peach
scion on a plum tree; figuratively, to insert or introduce in such a
way as to make a part of something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This fellow would <i>ingraft</i> a foreign name<BR>
Upon our stock.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A custom . . . <i>ingrafted</i> into the monarchy of
Rome.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subject to the process of grafting; to
furnish with grafts or scions; to graft; as, to <i>ingraft</i> a
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*graft"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
ingrafts.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*graft"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of ingrafting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing ingrafted; a scion.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"grain`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> in + <i>grain</i> kermes. See <u>Engrain</u>, <u>Grain</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dyed with grain, or kermes.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dyed before manufacture, -- said of the
material of a textile fabric; hence, in general, thoroughly
inwrought; forming an essential part of the substance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ingrain carpet</b></col>, <cd>a double or two-ply
carpet.</cd> -- <col><b>Triple ingrain carpet</b></col>, <cd>a three-
ply carpet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"grain`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ingrain fabric,
as a carpet.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"grain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ingrained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ingraining</u>.] [Written also <i>engrain</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dye with or in grain or
kermes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dye in the grain, or before
manufacture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To work into the natural texture or into
the mental or moral constitution of; to stain; to saturate; to imbue;
to infix deeply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our fields <i>ingrained</i> with blood.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cruelty and jealousy seem to be <i>ingrained</i> in a
man who has these vices at all.</blockquote> <i>Helps.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*grap"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
seize; to clutch; to grapple.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"grate`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingratus</i>. See <u>Ingrateful</u>.] <def>Ingrateful.</def> [Obs.
or Poetic]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"grate`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ungrateful
person.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"grate`ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingratus</i> ingrateful (pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>gratus</i>
beloved, dear, grateful) + <i>-ful</i>: cf. F. <i>ingrat</i>. See
<u>Grateful</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ungrateful; thankless;
unappreciative.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He proved extremely false and <i>ingrateful</i> to
me.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unpleasing to the sense; distasteful;
offensive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gives . . . no <i>ingrateful</i> food.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In"grate`ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In"grate`ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In"grate`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Ungratefully.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*gra"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ingratiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ingratiating</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>in-</i> in + L.
<i>gratia</i>. See <u>Grace</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To introduce or commend to the favor of
another; to bring into favor; to insinuate; -- used reflexively, and
followed by <i>with</i> before the person whose favor is
sought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lysimachus . . . <i>ingratiated</i> himself both with
Philip and his pupil.</blockquote> <i>Budgell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To recommend; to render easy or agreeable;
-- followed by <i>to</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. J. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What difficulty would it [the love of Christ] not
<i>ingratiate</i> to us?</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gra"ti*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gain
favor.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*grat"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ingratitude</i>, L. <i>ingratitudo</i>. See <u>Ingrate</u>.]
<def>Want of gratitude; insensibility to, forgetfulness of, or ill
return for, kindness or favors received; unthankfulness;
ungratefulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ingratitude</i>, thou marble-hearted
fiend.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ingratitude</i> is abhorred both by God and
man.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*grave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
engrave.</def> [R.] "Whose gleaming rind <i>ingrav'n</i>."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*grave"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>grave</i>.  Cf. <u>Engrave</u>.] <def>To bury.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*grav"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingravidatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ingravidare</i> to impregnate. See
1st <u>In-</u>, and <u>Gravidated</u>.] <def>To impregnate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*grav`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being pregnant or impregnated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*great"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
great; to enlarge; to magnify.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*gre"di*ence</hw> (?), <hw>In*gre"di*en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ingredient</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Entrance; ingress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being an
ingredient or component part.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gre"di*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ingr&eacute;dient</i>, L. <i>ingrediens</i>, <i>-entis</i>,
entering into, p. pr. of <i>ingredi</i>, p. p. <i>ingressus</i>, to
go into, to enter; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>gradi</i> to walk, go.
See <u>Grade</u>.] <def>That which enters into a compound, or is a
component part of any combination or mixture; an element; a
constituent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By way of analysis we may proceed from compounds to
<i>ingredients</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Water is the chief <i>ingredient</i> in all the animal
fluids and solids.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gre"di*ent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Entering as, or
forming, an ingredient or component part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Acts where no sin is <i>ingredient</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"gress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ingressus</i>,
fr. <i>ingredi</i>. See <u>Ingredient</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of entering; entrance; as, the
<i>ingress</i> of air into the lungs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power or liberty of entrance or access;
means of entering; as, all <i>ingress</i> was prohibited.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The entrance of the moon
into the shadow of the earth in eclipses, the sun's entrance into a
sign, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"gress</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go in; to
enter.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*gres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingressio</i>: cf. F. <i>ingression</i>.] <def>Act of entering;
entrance.</def>  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*grieve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
more grievous; to aggravate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*groove"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To groove
in; to join in or with a groove.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gross"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Engross</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"grow`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Growing or
appearing to grow into some other substance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ingrowing nail</b></col>, <cd>one whose edges are becoming
imbedded in the adjacent flesh.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"growth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A growth or
development inward.</def>  <i>J. LeConte.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In"guen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>inguen</i>,
<i>inguinis</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The groin.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*guilt"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
guilty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"gui*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inguinalis</i>, fr. <i>inguen</i>, <i>inguinis</i>, the groin: cf.
F. <i>inguinal</i>.] <i>(Astron. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to, or in the region of, the inguen or groin; as, an <i>inguinal</i>
canal or ligament; <i>inguinal</i> hernia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inguinal ring</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Abdominal ring</i>,
under <u>Abdominal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*gulf"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ingulfed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ingulfing</u>.] [Cf. <u>Engulf</u>.] [Written also <i>engulf</i>.]
<def>To swallow up or overwhelm in, or as in, a gulf; to cast into a
gulf. See <u>Engulf</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A river large . . . <BR>
Passed underneath <i>ingulfed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gulf"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
ingulfing, or the state of being ingulfed.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*gur"gi*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingurgitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ingurgitare</i> to pour in; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>gurges</i> whirlpool, gulf.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swallow, devour, or drink greedily or
in large quantity; to guzzle.</def>  <i>Cleveland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To swallow up, as in a gulf.</def>
<i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gur"gi*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To guzzle;
to swill.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gur`gi*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingurgitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>ingurgitation</i>.] <def>The act of
swallowing greedily or immoderately; that which is so
swallowed.</def>  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He drowned his stomach and senses with a large draught
and <i>ingurgitation</i> of wine.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*gust"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ingustabilis</i>. See <u>Gustable</u>.] <def>Tasteless;
insipid.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hab"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inhabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inhabile</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Habile</u>, and cf. <u>Unable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not apt or fit; unfit; not convenient;
inappropriate; unsuitable; as, <i>inhabile</i> matter.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unskilled; unready; awkward; incompetent;
unqualified; -- said of persons.</def> [Obs.] See <u>Unable</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`ha*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inhabilet&eacute;</i>, <i>inhabilit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Inability</u>.] <def>Unsuitableness; unaptness; unfitness;
inability.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hab"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inhabited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inhabiting</u>.] [OE. <i>enhabiten</i>, OF. <i>enhabiter</i>, L.
<i>inhabitare</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>habitare</i> to dwell.
See <u>Habit</u>.] <def>To live or dwell in; to occupy, as a place of
settled residence; as, wild beasts <i>inhabit</i> the forest; men
<i>inhabit</i> cities and houses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The high and lofty One, that <i>inhabiteth</i>
eternity.</blockquote> <i>Is. lvii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, who would <i>inhabit</i><BR>
This bleak world alone?</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hab"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have residence
in a place; to dwell; to live; to abide.</def> [Archaic or Poetic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They say wild beasts <i>inhabit</i> here.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hab"it*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inhabitabilis</i>. See <u>Inhabit</u>.] <def>Capable of being
inhabited; habitable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Systems of <i>inhabitable</i> planets.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hab"it*a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inhabitabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inhabitable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Habitable</u>.] <def>Not habitable; not suitable to be
inhabited.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The frozen ridges of the Alps<BR>
Or other ground <i>inhabitable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*hab"it*ance</hw> (?), <hw>In*hab"it*an*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inhabiting,
or the state of being inhabited; the condition of an inhabitant;
residence; occupancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ruins yet resting in the wild moors testify a former
<i>inhabitance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The state of having legal
right to claim the privileges of a recognized inhabitant; especially,
the right to support in case of poverty, acquired by residence in a
town; habitancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*hab"it*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inhabitans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>inhabitare</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who dwells or resides permanently in a
place, as distinguished from a transient lodger or visitor; as, an
<i>inhabitant</i> of a house, a town, a city, county, or state.</def>
"Frail <i>inhabitants</i> of earth."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In this place, they report that they saw
<i>inhabitants</i> which were very fair and fat people.</blockquote>
<i>Abp. Abbot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who has a legal
settlement in a town, city, or parish; a permanent
resident.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*hab"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
inhabit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*hab`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inhabitatio</i> a dwelling.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inhabiting, or the state of
being inhabited; indwelling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inhabitation</i> of the Holy
Ghost.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abode; place of dwelling; residence.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Population; inhabitants.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The beginning of nations and of the world's
<i>inhabitation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hab"it*a*tive*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Phrenol.)</i> <def>A tendency or propensity to permanent
residence in a place or abode; love of home and country.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*hab"it*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Uninhabited.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Brathwait.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hab"it*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
inhabitant.</def> [R.]  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hab"it*ive*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Phrenol.)</i> <def>See <u>Inhabitativeness</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What the phrenologists call
<i>inhabitiveness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hab"it*ress</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
inhabitant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*hal"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inhalant</i>.] <def>Inhaling; used for inhaling.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*hal"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An apparatus
also called an <i>inhaler</i> (which see); that which is to be
inhaled.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ha*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inhalation</i>.] <def>The act of inhaling; also, that which is
inhaled.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*hale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inhaled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inhaling</u>.] [L. <i>inhalare</i> to breathe upon; pref. <i>in-
</i> in + <i>halare</i> to breathe: cf. F. <i>inhaler</i>.  Cf.
<u>Exhale</u>.] <def>To breathe or draw into the lungs; to inspire;
as, to <i>inhale</i> air; -- opposed to <i>exhale</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Martin was walking forth to <i>inhale</i> the fresh
breeze of the evening.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hal"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Used for
inhaling; as, the <i>inhalent</i> end of a duct.</def>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who inhales.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An apparatus for inhaling any vapor or
volatile substance, as ether or chloroform, for medicinal
purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance to filter, as air, in order
to protect the lungs from inhaling damp or cold air, noxious gases,
dust, etc.; also, the respiratory apparatus for divers.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*hance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Enhance</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`har*mon"ic</hw> (?), <hw>In`har*mon"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not harmonic; inharmonious; discordant;
dissonant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`har*mo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>harmonious</i>: cf. F. <i>inharmonieux</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not harmonious; unmusical; discordant;
dissonant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sounds <i>inharmonious</i> in themselves and
harsh.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conflicting; jarring; not in
harmony.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`har*mo"ni*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
harmony.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`har*mo"ni*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being inharmonious; want of harmony; discord.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>inharmoniousness</i> of a verse.</blockquote>
<i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*har"mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
harmony.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In"haul`</hw> (?), <hw>In"haul`er</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope used to draw in the
jib boom, or flying jib boom.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*hearse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inhearsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inhearsing</u>.] <def>To put in, or as in, a hearse
or coffin.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*here"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inhered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inhering</u>.] [L. <i>inhaerere</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>haerere</i> to stick, hang. See <u>Hesitate</u>.] <def>To be
inherent; to stick (<i>in</i>); to be fixed or permanently
incorporated with something; to cleave (<i>to</i>); to belong, as
attributes or qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They do but <i>inhere</i> in the subject that supports
them.</blockquote> <i>Digby.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*her"ence</hw> (?), <hw>In*her"en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>inh&eacute;rence</i>.] <def>The state
of inhering; permanent existence in something; innateness;
inseparable and essential connection.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*her"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inhaerens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>inhaerere</i>: cf. F.
<i>inh&eacute;rent</i>. See <u>Inhere</u>.] <def>Permanently existing
in something; inseparably attached or connected; naturally pertaining
to; innate; inalienable; as, polarity is an <i>inherent</i> quality
of the magnet; the <i>inherent</i> right of men to life, liberty, and
protection.</def> "A most <i>inherent</i> baseness."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sore disease which seems <i>inherent</i> in
civilization.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Innate; inborn; native; natural; inbred; inwrought;
inseparable; essential; indispensable.</p>

<p><hw>In*her"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By inherence;
inseparably.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Matter hath <i>inherently</i> and essentially such an
internal energy.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*her"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inherited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inheriting</u>.] [OE. <i>enheriten</i> to inherit, to give a
heritage to, OF. <i>enheriter</i> to appoint as an heir, L.
<i>inhereditare</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>hereditare</i> to
inherit, fr. <i>heres</i> heir. See <u>Heir</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To take by descent from an
ancestor; to take by inheritance; to take as heir on the death of an
ancestor or other person to whose estate one succeeds; to receive as
a right or title descendible by law from an ancestor at his decease;
as, the heir <i>inherits</i> the land or real estate of his father;
the eldest son of a nobleman <i>inherits</i> his father's title; the
eldest son of a king <i>inherits</i> the crown.</def></p>

<p><! p. 764 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To receive or take by birth; to have by
nature; to derive or acquire from ancestors, as mental or physical
qualities; as, he <i>inherits</i> a strong constitution, a tendency
to disease, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prince Harry is valiant; for the cold blood he did
naturally <i>inherit</i> of his father he hath . . . manured . . .
with good store of fertile sherris.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come into possession of; to possess; to
own; to enjoy as a possession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But the meek shall <i>inherit</i> the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxvii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To bury so much gold under a tree,<BR>
And never after to <i>inherit</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put in possession of.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*her"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take or
hold a possession, property, estate, or rights by
inheritance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not <i>inherit</i> our father's
house.</blockquote> <i>Judg. xi. 2.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*her`it*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being inheritable or descendible to heirs.</def>
<i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*her"it*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being inherited; transmissible or
descendible; as, an <i>inheritable</i> estate or title.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being transmitted from parent
to child; as, <i>inheritable</i> qualities or infirmities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. OF. <i>enheritable</i>,
<i>inheritable</i>.] <def>Capable of taking by inheritance, or of
receiving by descent; capable of succeeding to, as an heir.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By attainder . . . the blood of the person attainted
is so corrupted as to be rendered no longer
<i>inheritable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The eldest daughter of the king is also alone
<i>inheritable</i> to the crown on failure of issue
male.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Inheritable blood</b></col>, <cd>blood or relationship by
which a person becomes qualified to be an heir, or to transmit
possessions by inheritance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*her"it*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
inheritance.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*her"it*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>enheritance</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of inheriting; as, the
<i>inheritance</i> of an estate; the <i>inheritance</i> of mental or
physical qualities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is or may be inherited; that
which is derived by an heir from an ancestor or other person; a
heritage; a possession which passes by descent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the man dies, let the <i>inheritance</i><BR>
Descend unto the daughter.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A permanent or valuable possession or
blessing, esp. one received by gift or without purchase; a
benefaction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To an <i>inheritance</i> incorruptible, and undefiled,
and that fadeth not away.</blockquote> <i>1 Pet. i. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Possession; ownership; acquisition.</def>
"The <i>inheritance</i> of their loves."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To you th' <i>inheritance</i> belongs by right<BR>
Of brother's praise; to you eke 'longs his love.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Transmission and reception
by animal or plant generation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A perpetual or continuing
right which a man and his heirs have to an estate; an estate which a
man has by descent as heir to another, or which he may transmit to
another as his heir; an estate derived from an ancestor to an heir in
course of law.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>inheritance</i> (used simply) is mostly
confined to the title to land and tenements by a descent.  <i>Mozley
& W.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men are not proprietors of what they have, merely for
themselves; their children have a title to part of it which comes to
be wholly theirs when death has put an end to their parents' use of
it; and this we call <i>inheritance</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*her"it*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
inherits; an heir.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Born <i>inheritors</i> of the dignity.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*her"it*ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
heiress.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*her"it*rix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Inheritress</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*herse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Inhearse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*he"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>inhaesio</i>.
See <u>Inhere</u>.] <def>The state of existing, of being inherent, in
something; inherence.</def>  <i>A. Baxter.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Constant <i>inhesion</i> and habitual
abode.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`hi*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inhiatio</i>, fr. <i>inhiare</i> to gape; pref. <i>in-</i> +
<i>hiare</i> to gape.] <def>A gaping after; eager desire;
craving.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hib"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inhibited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inhibiting</u>.] [L. <i>inhibitus</i>, p. p. of <i>inhibere</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>habere</i> to have, hold. See
<u>Habit</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To check; to hold back; to restrain; to
hinder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their motions also are excited or <i>inhibited</i> . .
. by the objects without them.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To forbid; to prohibit; to
interdict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All men were <i>inhibited</i>, by proclamation, at the
dissolution, so much as to mention a Parliament.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Burial may not be <i>inhibited</i> or denied to any
one.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`hi*bi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inhibitio</i>: cf. F. <i>inhibition</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inhibiting, or the state of
being inhibited; restraint; prohibition; embargo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A stopping or checking
of an already present action; a restraining of the function of an
organ, or an agent, as a digestive fluid or ferment, etc.; as, the
<i>inhibition</i> of the respiratory center by the pneumogastric
nerve; the <i>inhibition</i> of reflexes, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ from a higher court
forbidding an inferior judge from further proceedings in a cause
before; esp., a writ issuing from a higher ecclesiastical court to an
inferior one, on appeal.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hib"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>That
which causes inhibitory action; esp., an inhibitory nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*hib"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>inhibitorius</i>: cf. F. <i>inhibitoire</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to, or producing, inhibition; consisting in inhibition;
tending or serving to inhibit; as, the <i>inhibitory</i> action of
the pneumogastric on the respiratory center.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would not have you consider these criticisms as
<i>inhibitory</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Inhibitory nerves</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>those
nerves which modify, inhibit, or suppress a motor or secretory act
already in progress.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*hib"i*to*ry-mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A term applied to certain nerve centers which
govern or restrain subsidiary centers, from which motor impressions
issue.</def>  <i>McKendrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place in a
hive; to hive.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*hold"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inheld</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inholding</u>.] <def>To have inherent; to contain in itself; to
possess.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hold"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
inhabitant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hoop"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose in
a hoop, or as in a hoop.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hos"pi*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>hospitable</i>: cf. L. <i>inhospitalis</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not hospitable; not disposed to show
hospitality to strangers or guests; as, an <i>inhospitable</i> person
or people.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have you no touch of pity, that the poor<BR>
Stand starved at your <i>inhospitable</i> door?</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affording no shelter or sustenance;
barren; desert; bleak; cheerless; wild.</def> "<i>Inhospitable</i>
wastes."  <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*hos"pi*ta*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*hos"pi*ta*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*hos`pi*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inhospitalitas</i>: cf. F. <i>inhospitalit&eacute;</i>. See <u>In-
</u> not, and <u>Hospitality</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being
inhospitable; inhospitableness; lack of hospitality.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hu"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>inhumanus</i>:
cf. F. <i>inhumain</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Human</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of the kindness and tenderness
that belong to a human being; cruel; barbarous; savage; unfeeling;
as, an <i>inhuman</i> person or people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by, or attended with,
cruelty; as, an <i>inhuman</i> act or punishment.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cruel; unfeeling; pitiless; merciless; savage;
barbarous; brutal; ferocious; ruthless; fiendish.</p>

<p><hw>In`hu*man"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Inhumanities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>inhumanitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>inhumanit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
inhuman; cruelty; barbarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man's <i>inhumanity</i> to man<BR>
Makes countless thousands mourn.</blockquote> <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*hu"man*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inhuman manner; cruelly; barbarously.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*hu"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inhumatus</i>, p. p. of <i>inhumare</i> to inhume; pref. <i>in-
</i> in + <i>humare</i> to cover with earth. See <u>Humation</u>, and
cf. <u>Inhume</u>.] <def>To inhume; to bury; to inter.</def>
<i>Hedge.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`hu*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inhumation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inhuming or burying;
interment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>The act of burying
vessels in warm earth in order to expose their contents to a steady
moderate heat; the state of being thus exposed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Arenation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*hume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inhumed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inhuming</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>inhumer</i>. See <u>Inhumate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deposit, as a dead body, in the earth;
to bury; to inter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Weeping they bear the mangled heaps of slain,<BR>
<i>Inhume</i> the natives in their native plain.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bury or place in warm earth for
chemical or medicinal purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South American freshwater dolphin (<i>Inia Boliviensis</i>).
It is ten or twelve feet long, and has a hairy snout.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the inion.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`im*ag"i*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unimaginable; inconceivable.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*im"i*cal</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inimicalis</i>, fr. <i>inimicus</i> unfriendly, hostile; pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>amicus</i> friendly. See <u>Amity</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the disposition or temper of an
enemy; unfriendly; unfavorable; -- chiefly applied to <i>private</i>,
as <i>hostile</i> is to <i>public</i>, enmity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Opposed in tendency, influence, or
effects; antagonistic; inconsistent; incompatible; adverse;
repugnant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are at war with a system, which, by its essence, is
<i>inimical</i> to all other governments.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*im`i*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being inimical or hostile; hostility;
unfriendliness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*im"i*cal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inimical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*im`i*ci"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inimicitia</i> enmity. See <u>Inimical</u>.] <def>Inimical;
unfriendly.</def> [R.]  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*im"i*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inimicus</i>.] <def>Inimical; hurtful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*im`i*ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inimitable; inimitableness.</def>
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*im"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inimitabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inimitable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Imitable</u>.] <def>Not capable of being imitated, copied, or
counterfeited; beyond imitation; surpassingly excellent; matchless;
unrivaled; exceptional; unique; as, an <i>inimitable</i> style;
<i>inimitable</i> eloquence.</def> "<i>Inimitable</i> force."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Performing such <i>inimitable</i> feats.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*im"i*ta*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*im"i*ta*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||In"i*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'ini`on</grk> the back of the head.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
external occipital protuberance of the skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*iq"ui*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Iniquity</u>.] <def>Characterized by iniquity; unjust; wicked; as,
an <i>iniquitous</i> bargain; an <i>iniquitous</i>
proceeding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Demagogues . . . bribed to this <i>iniquitous</i>
service.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wicked; wrong; unjust; unrighteous; nefarious;
criminal.  -- <u>Iniquitous</u>, <u>Wicked</u>, <u>Nefarious</u>.
<i>Wicked</i> is the generic term. <i>Iniquitous</i> is stronger,
denoting a violation of the rights of others, usually by fraud or
circumvention. <i>Nefarious</i> is still stronger, implying a breach
of the most sacred obligations, and points more directly to the
intrinsic badness of the deed.</p>

<p><hw>In*iq"ui*tous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
iniquitous manner; unjustly; wickedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*iq"ui*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Iniquities</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>iniquitee</i>, F.
<i>iniquit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>iniquitas</i>, inequality, unfairness,
injustice. See <u>Iniquous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Absence of, or deviation from, just
dealing; want of rectitude or uprightness; gross injustice;
unrighteousness; wickedness; as, the <i>iniquity</i> of bribery; the
<i>iniquity</i> of an unjust judge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till the world from his perfection fell<BR>
Into all filth and foul <i>iniquity</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An iniquitous act or thing; a deed of
injustice or unrighteousness; a sin; a crime.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>iniquities</i> have separated between you and
your God.</blockquote> <i>Is. lix. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A character or personification in the old
English moralities, or moral dramas, having the name sometimes of one
vice and sometimes of another. See <u>Vice</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Acts old <i>Iniquity</i>, and in the fit<BR>
Of miming gets the opinion of a wit.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*i"quous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>iniquus</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>aequus</i>. See <u>Equal</u>.]
<def>Iniquitous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ir"ri*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>irritable</i>: cf. F. <i>inirritable</i>.] <def>Not
irritable; esp. <i>(Physiol.)</i>, incapable of being stimulated to
action, as a muscle.</def> -- <wf>In*ir`ri*ta*bil"i*ty</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*ir"ri*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
accompanied with excitement; as, an <i>inirritative</i> fever.</def>
<i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*isle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Enisled</u>.] <def>To form into an island; to surround.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*i"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>initialis</i>,
from <i>initium</i> a going in, entrance, beginning, fr. <i>inire</i>
to go into, to enter, begin; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>ire</i> to go:
cf. F. <i>initial</i>. See <u>Issue</u>, and cf.
<u>Commence</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the beginning; marking
the commencement; incipient; commencing; as, the <i>initial</i>
symptoms of a disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Placed at the beginning; standing at the
head, as of a list or series; as, the <i>initial</i> letters of a
name.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*i"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The first letter of
a word or a name.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*i"tial</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Initialed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Initialing</u>.] <def>To put an initial to; to mark with an
initial of initials.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*i"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an initial
or incipient manner or degree; at the beginning.</def>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*i"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Initiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Initiating</u> (?).] [L. <i>initiatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>initiare</i> to begin, fr. <i>initium</i> beginning. See
<u>Initial</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To introduce by a first act; to make a
beginning with; to set afoot; to originate; to commence; to begin or
enter upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How are changes of this sort to be
<i>initiated</i>?</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To acquaint with the beginnings; to
instruct in the rudiments or principles; to introduce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Providence would only <i>initiate</i> mankind into the
useful knowledge of her treasures, leaving the rest to employ our
industry.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>initiate</i> his pupil into any part of
learning, an ordinary skill in the governor is enough.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To introduce into a society or
organization; to confer membership on; especially, to admit to a
secret order with mysterious rites or ceremonies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Athenians believed that he who was
<i>initiated</i> and instructed in the mysteries would obtain
celestial honor after death.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>initiated</i> into half a dozen clubs before
he was one and twenty.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*i"ti*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To do the first
act; to perform the first rite; to take the initiative.</def> [R.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*i"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>initiatus</i>, p. p.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unpracticed; untried; new.</def> [Obs.]
"The <i>initiate</i> fear that wants hard use."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Begun; commenced; introduced to, or
instructed in, the rudiments; newly admitted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To rise in science as in bliss,<BR>
<i>Initiate</i> in the secrets of the skies.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Initiate tenant by courtesy</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>said of a husband who becomes such in his wife's estate of
inheritance by the birth of a child, but whose estate is not
consummated till the death of the wife.</cd>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*i"ti*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is, or is
to be, initiated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*i`ti*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>initiatio</i>: cf. F. <i>initiation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of initiating, or the process of
being initiated or introduced; as, <i>initiation</i> into a society,
into business, literature, etc.</def> "The <i>initiation</i> of
courses of events."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The form or ceremony by which a person is
introduced into any society; mode of entrance into an organized body;
especially, the rite of admission into a secret society or
order.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Silence is the first thing that is taught us at our
<i>initiation</i> into sacred mysteries.</blockquote>
<i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*i"ti*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>initiatif</i>.] <def>Serving to initiate; inceptive; initiatory;
introductory; preliminary.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*i"ti*a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>initiative</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An introductory step or movement; an act
which originates or begins.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The undeveloped <i>initiatives</i> of good things to
come.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The right or power to introduce a new
measure or course of action, as in legislation; as, the
<i>initiative</i> in respect to revenue bills is in the House of
Representatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*i"ti*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
initiates.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*i"ti*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Suitable for an introduction or beginning;
introductory; prefatory; as, an <i>initiatory</i> step.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending or serving to initiate;
introducing by instruction, or by the use and application of symbols
or ceremonies; elementary; rudimentary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>initiatory</i> treatises in the
law.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two <i>initiatory</i> rites of the same general import
can not exist together.</blockquote> <i>J. M. Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*i"ti*a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
introductory act or rite.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*i"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>inition</i>. See <u>Initial</u>.] <def>Initiation;
beginning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir R. Naunton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ject"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Injected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Injecting</u>.] [L. <i>injectus</i>, p. p. of <i>inicere</i>,
<i>injicere</i>, to throw in; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>jacere</i> to
throw: cf. F. <i>injecter</i>. See <u>Jet</u> a shooting forth.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw in; to dart in; to force in; as,
to <i>inject</i> cold water into a condenser; to <i>inject</i> a
medicinal liquid into a cavity of the body; to <i>inject</i> morphine
with a hypodermic syringe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To throw; to offer; to propose; to
instill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>C&aelig;sar also, then hatching tyranny,
<i>injected</i> the same scrupulous demurs.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cast or throw; -- with <i>on</i>.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And mound <i>inject</i> on mound.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><! p. 765 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>To fill (a vessel, cavity,
or tissue) with a fluid or other substance; as, to <i>inject</i> the
blood vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*jec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>injectio</i>
: cf. F. <i>injection</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
injecting or throwing in; -- applied particularly to the forcible
throwing in of a liquid, or a&euml;riform body, by means of a
syringe, pump, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is injected; especially, a
liquid medicine thrown into a cavity of the body by a syringe or
pipe; a clyster; an enema.</def>  <i>Mayne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act
or process of filling vessels, cavities, or tissues with a fluid or
other substance.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A specimen prepared
by injection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Eng.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The act of throwing cold water into a condenser to produce a
vacuum.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cold water thrown into a
condenser.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Injection cock</b></col>, or <col><b>Injection
valve</b></col> <i>(Steam Eng.)</i>, <cd>the cock or valve through
which cold water is admitted into a condenser.</cd> --
<col><b>Injection condenser</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Condenser</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Injection pipe</b></col>, <cd>the
pipe through which cold water is through into the condenser of a
steam engine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*ject"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, injects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A contrivance for forcing
feed water into a steam boiler by the direct action of the steam upon
the water. The water is driven into the boiler by the impulse of a
jet of the steam which becomes condensed as soon as it strikes the
stream of cold water it impels; -- also called <i>Giffard's
injector</i>, from the inventor.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*jel"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place in
jelly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*join"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>   [<i>Obs</i>.]
<def>See <u>Enjoin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*joint</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
in + <i>joint</i>.] <def>To join; to unite.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*joint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>joint</i>.] <def>To disjoint; to separate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ju*cun"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>injucunditas</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Jocund</u>.]
<def>Unpleasantness; disagreeableness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ju"di*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
cognizable by a judge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ju*di"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
according to the forms of law; not judicial.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ju*di"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>judicious</i>; cf. F. <i>injudicieux</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not judicious; wanting in sound judgment;
undiscerning; indiscreet; unwise; as, an <i>injudicious</i>
adviser.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>injudicious</i> biographer who undertook to be
his editor and the protector of his memory.</blockquote> <i>A.
Murphy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not according to sound judgment or
discretion; unwise; as, an <i>injudicious</i> measure.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Indiscreet; inconsiderate; undiscerning;
incautious; unwise; rash; hasty; imprudent.</p>

<p><hw>In`ju*di"cious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
injudicious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ju*di"cious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being injudicious; want of sound judgment;
indiscretion.</def>  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*junc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>injunctio</i>, fr. <i>injungere</i>, <i>injunctum</i>, to join
into, to enjoin. See <u>Enjoin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of enjoining; the act of directing, commanding, or
prohibiting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is enjoined; an order; a
mandate; a decree; a command; a precept; a direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For still they knew, and ought to have still
remembered,<BR>
The high <i>injunction</i>, not to taste that fruit.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Necessary as the <i>injunctions</i> of lawful
authority.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ or process, granted by
a court of equity, and, in some cases, under statutes, by a court of
law, whereby a party is required to do or to refrain from doing
certain acts, according to the exigency of the writ.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is more generally used as a preventive than as a
restorative process, although by no means confined to the former.
<i>Wharton.</i>  <i>Daniell.</i>  <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"jure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Injured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Injuring</u>.] [L. <i>injuriari</i>, fr. <i>injuria</i> injury,
perh. through F. <i>injurier</i> to insult, in OF. also, to injure;
or perhaps fr. E. <i>injury</i>, or F. <i>injure</i> injury. See
<u>Injury</u>.] <def>To do harm to; to impair the excellence and
value of; to hurt; to damage; -- used in a variety of senses; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> To hurt or wound, as the person; to impair
soundness, as of health. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> To damage or lessen the
value of, as goods or estate. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> To slander,
tarnish, or impair, as reputation or character. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
To impair or diminish, as happiness or virtue. <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> To
give pain to, as the sensibilities or the feelings; to grieve; to
annoy. <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> To impair, as the intellect or
mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When have I <i>injured</i> thee? when done thee
wrong?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To damage; mar; spoil; harm; sully; wrong;
maltreat; abuse; insult; affront; dishonor.</p>

<p><hw>In"jur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who injures
or wrongs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In*ju"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Injurie</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Injury;
invasion of another's rights.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ju"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>injuriousus</i>, injurius; cf. F. <i>injurieux</i>. See
<u>Injury</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not just; wrongful;
iniquitous; culpable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Till the <i>injurious</i> Roman did extort<BR>
This tribute from us, we were free.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing injury or harm; hurtful; harmful;
detrimental; mischievous; as, acts <i>injurious</i> to health,
credit, reputation, property, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without being <i>injurious</i> to the memory of our
English Pindar.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Harmful; hurtful; pernicious; mischievous; baneful;
deleterious; noxious; ruinous; detrimental.</p>

<p><hw>In*ju"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
injurious or hurtful manner; wrongfully; hurtfully;
mischievously.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ju"ri*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being injurious or hurtful; harmfulness; injury.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ju*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Injuries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>injurie</i>, L.
<i>injuria</i>, fr. <i>injurius</i> injurious, wrongful, unjust;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>jus</i>, <i>juris</i>, right, law, justice:
cf. F. <i>injure</i>. See <u>Just</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Any
damage or hurt done to a person or thing; detriment to, or violation
of, the person, character, feelings, rights, property, or interests
of an individual; that which injures, or occasions wrong, loss,
damage, or detriment; harm; hurt; loss; mischief; wrong; evil; as,
his health was impaired by a severe <i>injury</i>; slander is an
<i>injury</i> to the character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For he that doeth <i>injury</i> shall receive that
that he did evil.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif(Col. iii. 25).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many times we do <i>injury</i> to a cause by dwelling
on trifling arguments.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Riot ascends above their loftiest towers,<BR>
And <i>injury</i> and outrage.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Injury</i> in morals and jurisprudence is the
intentional doing of wrong.  <i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Harm; hurt; damage; loss; impairment; detriment;
wrong; evil; injustice.</p>

<p><hw>In*jus"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>injustice</i>, L. <i>injustitia</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Justice</u>, and cf. <u>Unjust</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want
of justice and equity; violation of the rights of another or others;
iniquity; wrong; unfairness; imposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If this people [the Athenians] resembled Nero in their
extravagance, much more did they resemble and even exceed him in
cruelty and <i>injustice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unjust act or deed; a sin; a crime; a
wrong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cunning men can be guilty of a thousand
<i>injustices</i> without being discovered, or at least without being
punished.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ink</hw> (&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>The step, or socket, in which the lower end of a millstone
spindle runs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>enke</i>, <i>inke</i>,
OF. <i>enque</i>, F. <i>encre</i>, L. <i>encaustum</i> the purple red
ink with which the Roman emperors signed their edicts, Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; burnt in, encaustic, fr. &?; to burn in. See <u>Encaustic</u>,
<u>Caustic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fluid, or a viscous
material or preparation of various kinds (commonly black or colored),
used in writing or printing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make there a prick with <i>ink</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Deformed monsters, foul and black as
<i>ink</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pigment. See <i>India ink</i>, under
<u>India</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Ordinarily, <i>black</i> ink is made from nutgalls and a
solution of some salt of iron, and consists essentially of a tannate
or gallate of iron; sometimes indigo sulphate, or other coloring
matter, is added. Other black inks contain potassium chromate, and
extract of logwood, salts of vanadium, etc. <i>Blue</i> ink is
usually a solution of Prussian blue. <i>Red</i> ink was formerly made
from carmine (cochineal), Brazil wood, etc., but potassium eosin is
now used. Also red, blue, violet, and yellow inks are largely made
from aniline dyes. <i>Indelible</i> ink is usually a weak solution of
silver nitrate, but carbon in the form of lampblack or India ink,
salts of molybdenum, vanadium, etc., are also used.
<i>Sympathetic</i> inks may be made of milk, salts of cobalt, etc.
See <i>Sympathetic ink</i> (below).</p>

<p><col><b>Copying ink</b></col>, <cd>a peculiar ink used for
writings of which copies by impression are to be taken.</cd> --
<col><b>Ink bag</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an ink sac.</cd> -
- <col><b>Ink berry</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A shrub of the Holly family (<i>Ilex glabra</i>), found in sandy
grounds along the coast from New England to Florida, and producing a
small black berry.</cd>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The West Indian
indigo berry. See <u>Indigo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ink plant</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a New Zealand shrub (<i>Coriaria thymifolia</i>),
the berries of which yield a juice which forms an ink.</cd> --
<col><b>Ink powder</b></col>, <cd>a powder from which ink is made by
solution.</cd> -- <col><b>Ink sac</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an organ, found in most cephalopods, containing an inky fluid
which can be ejected from a duct opening at the base of the siphon.
The fluid serves to cloud the water, and enable these animals to
escape from their enemies. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Dibranchiata</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Printer's ink</b></col>, or
<col><b>Printing ink</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Printing</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Sympathetic ink</b></col>, <cd>a writing fluid of such a
nature that what is written remains invisible till the action of a
reagent on the characters makes it visible.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inked</u> (&ibreve;&nsm;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inking</u>.] <def>To put ink upon; to supply with
ink; to blacken, color, or daub with ink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, inks; especially, in printing, the pad or roller which inks
the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ink"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cuttlefish.
See <u>Cuttlefish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ink"horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>   [<i>Ink</i> +
<i>horn</i>; cf. F. <i>cornet &agrave; encre</i>, G.
<i>dintenhorn</i>.] <def>A small bottle of horn or other material
formerly used for holding ink; an inkstand; a portable case for
writing materials.</def> "With a writer's <i>inkhorn</i> by his
side."  <i>Ezek. ix. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From his pocket the notary drew his papers and
<i>inkhorn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ink"horn"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Learned; pedantic;
affected.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Inkhorn</i> terms."  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ink"horn`ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pedantry.</def>  <i>Sir T. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ink"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Inky</u>.]
<def>The state or quality of being inky; blackness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ink"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supplying or covering
with ink.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inking roller</b></col>, <cd>a somewhat elastic roller,
used to spread ink over forms of type, copperplates, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Inking trough</b></col> or <col><b>table</b></col>, <cd>a
trough or table from which the inking roller receives its
ink.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob.the same word as
<i>lingle</i>, the first <i>l</i> being mistaken for the definite
article in French. See <u>Lingle</u>.] <def>A kind of tape or
braid.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>inklen</i> to
hint; cf. Dan. <i>ymte</i> to whisper.] <def>To guess.</def> [Prov.
Eng.] "She <i>inkled</i> what it was."  <i>R. D. Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"kling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hint; an
intimation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The least <i>inkling</i> or glimpse of this
island.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They had some <i>inkling</i> of secret
messages.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"knee`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Knock-
knee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"kneed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Knock-
kneed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*knot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fasten or
bind, as with a knot; to knot together.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ink"stand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small vessel
for holding ink, to dip the pen into; also, a device for holding ink
and writing materials.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ink"stone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of stone
containing native vitriol or sulphate of iron, used in making
ink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ink"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or
resembling, ink; soiled with ink; black.</def> "<i>Inky</i> blots."
<i>Shak.</i> "Its <i>inky</i> blackness." <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*lace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inlaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inlacing</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>in-</i> + <i>lace</i>: cf. OE.
<i>enlacen</i> to entangle, involve, OF. <i>enlacier</i>, F.
<i>enlacer</i>. See <u>Lace</u>, and cf. <u>Enlace</u>.] <def>To work
in, as lace; to embellish with work resembling lace; also, to lace or
enlace.</def>  <i>P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"la*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Law L.
<i>inlagatio</i>, fr. <i>inlagare</i> to restore to law. See
<u>In</u>, and <u>Law</u>.] <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>The
restitution of an outlawed person to the protection of the law;
inlawing.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*laid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Inlay</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Within the land; more or less remote from the ocean or from open
water; interior; as, an <i>inland</i> town.</def> "This wide
<i>inland</i> sea."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>inland</i> regions to the distant
main.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Limited to the land, or to inland routes;
within the seashore boundary; not passing on, or over, the sea; as,
<i>inland</i> transportation, commerce, navigation, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Confined to a country or state; domestic;
not foreign; as, an <i>inland</i> bill of exchange. See
<u>Exchange</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"land</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The interior part of a
country.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"land</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Into, or towards,
the interior, away from the coast.</def>  <i>Cook.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The greatest waves of population have rolled
<i>inland</i> from the east.</blockquote> <i>S. Turner.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lives
in the interior of a country, or at a distance from the sea.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"land*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inland.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>T. Reeve(1657)</i></p>

<p><hw>In*lap"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> in + L. <i>lapis</i>, <i>lapidis</i>, stone.] <def>To convert
into a stony substance; to petrify.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*lard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Enlard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*law"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>In</i> +
<i>law</i>.  Cf. <u>Inlagation</u>.] <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>To
clear of outlawry or attainder; to place under the protection of the
law.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inlaied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inlaying</u>.] <def>To lay within; hence, to insert, as pieces of
pearl, ivory, choice woods, or the like, in a groundwork of some
other material; to form an ornamental surface; to diversify or adorn
with insertions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look, how the floor of heaven<BR>
Is thick <i>inlaid</i> with patines of bright gold.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But these things are . . . borrowed by the monks to
<i>inlay</i> their story.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"lay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Matter or pieces
of wood, ivory, etc., inlaid, or prepared for inlaying; that which is
inserted or inlaid for ornament or variety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Crocus and hyacinth with rich <i>inlay</i><BR>
Broidered the ground.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sloping of the moonlit sward<BR>
Was damask work, and deep <i>inlay</i><BR>
Of braided blooms.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*lay"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who inlays,
or whose occupation it is to inlay.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*league"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inleagued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inleaguing</u> (?).] <def>To ally, or form an
alliance with; to unite; to combine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With a willingness <i>inleague</i> our blood<BR>
With his, for purchase of full growth in friendship.</blockquote>
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*lea"guer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
beleaguer.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A passage by which an inclosed place may be entered; a place of
ingress; entrance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Doors and windows, <i>inlets</i> of men and of
light.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bay or recess, as in the shore of a sea,
lake, or large river; a narrow strip of water running into the land
or between islands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is let in or inlaid; an
inserted material.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Inlet</i> is also used adjectively, as in <i>inlet</i>
pipe, <i>inlet</i> valve, etc.</p>

<p><hw>In*light"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Enlighten</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*list"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Enlist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*live"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
animate.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*lock"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lock in, or
inclose.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In lo"co</hw> (?). [L.] <def>In the place; in the proper or
natural place.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*lu"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>   [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Illumine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>inlich</i>, AS.
<i>inl&imacr;c</i>.  See <u>In</u>.] <def>Internal; interior;
secret.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Didst thou but know the <i>inly</i> touch of
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Internally; within; in
the heart.</def> "Whereat he <i>inly</i> raged."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ma*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Inmate</u>.]
<def>The state of being an inmate.</def> [R.]  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"mate`</hw> (&ibreve;n"m&amacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>In</i> + <i>mate</i> an associate.] <def>One who lives in the
same house or apartment with another; a fellow lodger;</def> esp.,
<def>one of the occupants of an asylum, hospital, or prison;</def> by
extension, <def>one who occupies or lodges in any place or
dwelling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake the enemy of mankind, inclos'd<BR>
In serpent, <i>inmate</i> bad.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"mate`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitted as a
dweller; resident; internal.</def> [R.] "<i>Inmate</i> guests."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"meats`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The edible
viscera of animals, as the heart, liver, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*mesh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inmeshed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inmeshing</u>.] <def>To bring within meshes, as of a net; to
enmesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*mew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.<u>Emmew</u>,
<u>Immew</u>.] <def>To inclose, as in a mew or cage.</def> [R.]
"<i>Inmew</i> the town below."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>innemest</i>,
AS. <i>innemest</i>, a double superlative form fr. <i>inne</i>
within, fr. <i>in</i> in. The modern form is due to confusion with
<i>most</i>. See <u>In</u>, and cf. <u>Aftermost</u>,
<u>Foremost</u>, <u>Innermost</u>.] <def>Deepest within; farthest
from the surface or external part; innermost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And pierce the <i>inmost</i> center of the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The silent, slow, consuming fires,<BR>
Which on my <i>inmost</i> vitals prey.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Inn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>in</i>, <i>inn</i>,
house, chamber, inn, from AS. <i>in</i> in; akin to Icel. <i>inni</i>
house. See <u>In</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place of shelter;
hence, dwelling; habitation; residence; abode.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore with me ye may take up your <i>inn</i><BR>
For this same night.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A house for the lodging and entertainment
of travelers or wayfarers; a tavern; a public house; a
hotel.</def></p>

<p>&fist; As distinguished from a private boarding house, an inn is a
house for the entertainment of all travelers of good conduct and
means of payment, as guests for a brief period, not as lodgers or
boarders by contract.</p>

<p><blockquote>The miserable fare and miserable lodgment of a
provincial <i>inn</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The town residence of a nobleman or
distinguished person; as, Leicester <i>Inn</i>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the colleges (societies or
buildings) in London, for students of the law barristers; as, the
<i>Inns</i> of Court; the <i>Inns</i> of Chancery; Serjeants'
<i>Inns</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inns of chancery</b></col> <i>(Eng.)</i>, <cd>colleges in
which young students formerly began their law studies, now occupied
chiefly by attorneys, solicitors, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Inns of
court</b></col> <i>(Eng.)</i>, <cd>the four societies of "students
and practicers of the law of England" which in London exercise the
exclusive right of admitting persons to practice at the bar; also,
the buildings in which the law students and barristers have their
chambers. They are the Inner Temple, the Middle Temple, Lincoln's
Inn, and Gray's Inn.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 766 !></p>

<p><hw>Inn</hw> (&ibreve;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>   [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inned</u> (&ibreve;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inning</u>.] <def>To take lodging; to lodge.</def>
[R.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Inn</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
house; to lodge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When he had brought them into his city<BR>
And <i>inned</i> them, everich at his degree.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To get in; to in. See <u>In</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>In"nate</hw> (&ibreve;n"n&asl;t <i>or</i>
&ibreve;n*n&amacr;t"; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>innatus</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>natus</i> born, p. p. of <i>nasci</i> to be
born. See <u>Native</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inborn; native;
natural; as, <i>innate</i> vigor; <i>innate</i> eloquence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Originating in, or
derived from, the constitution of the intellect, as opposed to
acquired from experience; as, <i>innate</i> ideas. See <u>A
priori</u>, <u>Intuitive</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is an <i>innate</i> light in every man,
discovering to him the first lines of duty in the common notions of
good and evil.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men would not be guilty if they did not carry in their
mind common notions of morality, <i>innate</i> and written in divine
letters.</blockquote> <i>Fleming (Origen).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I could only show, as I hope I shall . . . how men,
barely by the use of their natural faculties, may attain to all the
knowledge they have, without the help of any <i>innate</i>
impressions; and may arrive at certainty without any such original
notions or principles.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Joined by the base to the
very tip of a filament; as, an <i>innate</i> anther.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Innate ideas</b></col> <i>(Metaph.)</i>, <cd>ideas, as of
God, immortality, right and wrong, supposed by some to be inherent in
the mind, as a priori principles of knowledge.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*nate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
exit; to call into being.</def> [Obs.] "The first <i>innating</i>
cause."  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"nate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Naturally.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"nate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being innate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*na"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Native.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*nav"i*ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>innavigabilis</i> : cf. F. <i>innavigable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Navigable</u>.] <def>Incapable of being navigated; impassable
by ships or vessels.</def> <i>Drygen.</i> --
<wf>In*nav"i*ga*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Inne</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; prep.</i></pos> <def>In.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And eke in what array that they were
<i>inne</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ner</hw> (&ibreve;n"n&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>innera</i>, a compar. fr. <i>inne</i> within, fr. <i>in</i> in.
See <u>In</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Further in; interior;
internal; not outward; as, an <i>inner</i> chamber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the spirit or its
phenomena.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This attracts the soul,<BR>
Governs the <i>inner</i> man, the nobler part.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not obvious or easily discovered;
obscure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inner house</b></col> <i>(Scot.)</i>, <cd>the first and
second divisions of the court of Session at Edinburgh; also, the
place of their sittings.</cd> -- <col><b>Inner jib</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a fore-and-aft sail set on a stay running from
the fore-topmast head to the jib boom.</cd> -- <col><b>Inner
plate</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the wall plate which lies nearest
to the center of the roof, in a double-plated roof.</cd> --
<col><b>Inner post</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a piece brought on
at the fore side of the main post, to support the transoms.</cd> --
<col><b>Inner square</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>the angle formed
by the inner edges of a carpenter's square.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"ner*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>More within.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Baret.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ner*most`</hw> (-m&omacr;st`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [A
corruption of <i>inmost</i> due to influence of <i>inner</i>. See
<u>Inmost</u>.] <def>Farthest inward; most remote from the outward
part; inmost; deepest within.</def>  <i>Prov. xviii. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ner*most`ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
innermost place.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His ebon cross worn <i>innermostly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ner"vate</hw> (&ibreve;n*n&etilde;r"v&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [See <u>Innerve</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>To supply with
nerves; as, the heart is <i>innervated</i> by pneumogastric and
sympathetic branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ner*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>innervation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of innerving or
stimulating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Special activity excited
in any part of the nervous system or in any organ of sense or motion;
the nervous influence necessary for the maintenance of life, and the
functions of the various organs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The distribution of nerves
in an animal, or to any of its parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*nerve"</hw> (&ibreve;n*n&etilde;rv"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>   [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Innerved</u> (-
n&etilde;rvd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Innerving</u>.]
[Pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>nerve</i>.] <def>To give nervous energy or
power to; to give increased energy, force, or courage to; to
invigorate; to stimulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Inn"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who keeps
an inn.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>innung</i>, fr.
<i>in</i> in, prep. &amp; adv.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ingathering;
harvesting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or turn of being in;
specifically, in cricket, baseball, etc., the turn or time of a
player or of a side at the bat; -- often in the <i>pl.</i> Hence: The
turn or time of a person, or a party, in power; as, the Whigs went
out, and the Democrats had their <i>innings</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Lands recovered from the
sea.</def>  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ni"ten*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>inniti</i>,
p. p. <i>innixus</i>, to lean upon; pref. <i>in-</i> in, on +
<i>niti</i> to lean.] <def>A leaning; pressure; weight.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*nix"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Innitency</u>.] <def>Act of leaning upon something;
incumbency.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Inn"keep`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
innholder.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"no*cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>innocence</i>, L. <i>innocentia</i>. See <u>Innocent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being innocent;
freedom from that which is harmful or infurious;
harmlessness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being morally free
from guilt or sin; purity of heart; blamelessness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The silence often of pure <i>innocence</i><BR>
Persuades when speaking fails.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Banished from man's life his happiest life,<BR>
Simplicity and spotless <i>innocence</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being not
chargeable for, or guilty of, a particular crime or offense; as, the
<i>innocence</i> of the prisoner was clearly shown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Simplicity or plainness, bordering on
weakness or silliness; artlessness; ingenuousness.</def>  <i>Chaucer.
Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Harmlessness; innocuousness; blamelessness; purity;
sinlessness; guiltlessness.</p>

<p><hw>In"no*cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Innocence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"no*cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>innocent</i>,
L. <i>innocens</i>, <i>-entis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not +
<i>nocens</i>, p. pr. of <i>nocere</i> to harm, hurt. See
<u>Noxious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not harmful; free from that
which can injure; innoxious; innocuous; harmless; as, an
<i>innocent</i> medicine or remedy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The spear<BR>
Sung <i>innocent</i>, and spent its force in air.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Morally free from guilt; guiltless; not
tainted with sin; pure; upright.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To offer up a weak, poor, <i>innocent</i>
lamb.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have sinned in that I have betrayed the
<i>innocent</i> blood.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxvii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The aidless, <i>innocent</i> lady, his wished
prey.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Free from the guilt of a particular crime
or offense; as, a man is <i>innocent</i> of the crime
charged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Innocent</i> from the great
transgression.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xix. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Simple; artless; foolish.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Lawful; permitted; as, an <i>innocent</i>
trade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not contraband; not subject to forfeiture;
as, <i>innocent</i> goods carried to a belligerent nation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Innocent party</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a party who has
not notice of a fact tainting a litigated transaction with
illegality.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Harmless; innoxious; innoffensive; guiltless;
spotless; immaculate; pure; unblamable; blameless; faultless;
guileless; upright.</p>

<p><hw>In"no*cent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An innocent person; one free from, or unacquainted with, guilt
or sin.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unsophisticated person; hence, a child;
a simpleton; an idiot.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In Scotland a natural fool was called an
<i>innocent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Innocents' day</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>Childermas
day.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"no*cent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an innocent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"no*cu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Innocuousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*noc"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>innocuus</i>; <i>in-</i> not + <i>nocuus</i> hurtful, fr.
<i>nocere</i> to hurt. See <u>Innocent</u>.] <def>Harmless; producing
no ill effect; innocent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A patient, <i>innocuous</i>, innocent
man.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*noc"u*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*noc"u*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the salt sea <i>innocuously</i>
breaks.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"no*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Innodated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Innodating</u> (?).] [L. <i>innodatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>innodare</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>nodus</i> knot.] <def>To
bind up, as in a knot; to include.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*nom"i*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>innominabilis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>nominare</i> to name:
cf. F. <i>innominable</i>.] <def>Not to be named.</def> [R.]
<i>Testament of Love.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*nom"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>innominatus</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>nominare</i> to name.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having no name; unnamed; as, an
<i>innominate</i> person or place.</def> [R.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A term used in designating
many parts otherwise unnamed; as, the <i>innominate</i> artery, a
great branch of the arch of the aorta; the <i>innominate</i> vein, a
great branch of the superior vena cava.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Innominate bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the great
bone which makes a lateral half of the pelvis in mammals; hip bone;
haunch bone; huckle bone. It is composed of three bones, ilium,
ischium, and pubis, consolidated into one in the adult, though
separate in the fetus, as also in many adult reptiles and
amphibians.</cd> -- <col><b>Innominate contracts</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>in the Roman law, contracts without a specific
name.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"no*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>   [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Innovated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Innovating</u> (?).] [L. <i>innovatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>innovare</i> to revew; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>novare</i> to make
new, fr. <i>novus</i> new.  See <u>New</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bring in as new; to introduce as a novelty; as, to
<i>innovate</i> a word or an act.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change or alter by introducing
something new; to remodel; to revolutionize.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From his attempts upon the civil power, he
proceeds<BR>
to <i>innovate</i> God's worship.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"no*vate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To introduce
novelties or changes; -- sometimes with <i>in</i> or <i>on</i>.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man, therefore, is not fit to
<i>innovate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`no*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>innovatio</i>; cf. F. <i>innovation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of innovating; introduction of something new, in
customs, rites, etc.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A change effected by innovating; a change
in customs; something new, and contrary to established customs,
manners, or rites.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The love of things ancient doth argue stayedness, but
levity and want of experience maketh apt unto
<i>innovations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A newly formed shoot, or the
annually produced addition to the stems of many mosses.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`no*va"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
favors innovation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"no*va*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characterized by, or introducing, innovations.</def>  <i>Fitzed.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"no*va`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>innovateur</i>.] <def>One who innovates.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*nox"ious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>innoxius</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Noxious</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from hurtful qualities or effects;
harmless.</def> "<i>Innoxious</i> flames."  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from crime; pure; innocent.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*nox`ious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*nox"ious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*nu"bi*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>innubilus</i>. See <u>Nubilous</u>.] <def>Cloudless.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`nu*en"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Innuedoes</b></plw>(&?;). [L., by intimation, by hinting,
gerund of <i>innuere</i>, <i>innutum</i>, to give a nod, to intimate;
pref. <i>in-</i> in, to + <i>-nuere</i> (in comp.) to nod. See
<u>Nutation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An oblique hint; a remote
allusion or reference, usually derogatory to a person or thing not
named; an insinuation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mercury . . . owns it a marriage by an
<i>innuendo</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pursue your trade of scandal picking;<BR>
Your <i>innuendoes</i>, when you tell us,<BR>
That Stella loves to talk with fellows.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An averment employed in
pleading, to point the application of matter otherwise
unintelligible; an interpretative parenthesis thrown into quoted
matter to explain an obscure word or words; -- as, the plaintiff
avers that the defendant said that he (<i>innuendo</i> the plaintiff)
was a thief.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term is so applied from having been the introductory
word of this averment or parenthetic explanation when pleadings were
in Latin. The word "meaning" is used as its equivalent in modern
forms.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insinuation; suggestion; hint; intimation;
reference; allusion; implication; representation; -- <u>Innuendo</u>,
<u>Insinuation</u>.  An <i>innuendo</i> is an equivocal allusion so
framed as to point distinctly at something which is injurious to the
character or reputation of the person referred to. An
<i>insinuation</i> turns on no such double use of language, but
consists in artfully <i>winding</i> into the mind imputations of an
injurious nature without making any direct charge.</p>

<p><hw>In"nu*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>innuens</i>,
p. pr.] <def>Conveying a hint; significant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"nu*it</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>An Eskimo.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*nu`mer*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>innumerabilitas</i>.] <def>State of being innumerable.</def>
<i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*nu`mer*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>innumerabilis</i> : cf. F. <i>innumefable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Numerable</u>.] <def>Not capable of being counted, enumerated,
or numbered, for multitude; countless; numberless; unnumbered, hence,
indefinitely numerous; of great number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Innumerable</i> as the stars of night.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*nu"mer*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*nu"mer*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*nu"mer*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>innumerosus</i>, <i>innumerus</i>. See <u>Numerous</u>.]
<def>Innumerable.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`nu*tri"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
nutrition; failure of nourishment.</def>  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`nu*tri"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
nutritious; not furnishing nourishment.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*nu"tri*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Innutritious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Inn"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The yard
adjoining an inn.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`o*be"di*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inoboedientia</i> : cf. F. <i>inobedience</i>.]
<def>Disobedience.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif. Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`o*be"di*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inoboediens</i>, p. pr. of <i>inoboedire</i> : cf. F.
<i>inobedient</i>. See <u>Obedient</u>.] <def>Not obedient;
disobedient.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`o*be"di*ent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ob*serv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inobservabilis</i> :  cf. F. <i>inobservable</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Observable</u>.] <def>Not observable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ob*serv"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inobservantia</i> : cf. F. <i>inobservance</i>.] <def>Want or
neglect of observance.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ob*serv"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inobservans</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Observant</u>.]
<def>Not observant; regardless; heedless.</def>  <i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`ob*serv"ant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*ob`ser*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inobservation</i>.] <def>Neglect or want of observation.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ob*tru"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
obtrusive; unobtrusive.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`ob*tru"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`ob*tru"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`o*car"pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'i`s</grk>, <grk>'ino`s</grk>, muscle + <grk>karpo`s</grk>
fruit.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A red, gummy, coloring matter, extracted
from the colorless juice of the Otaheite chestnut (<i>Inocarpus
edulis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>In*oc`cu*pa"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
occupation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`o*cer"a*mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'i`s</grk>, <grk>'ino`s</grk>, a muscle + &?; an earthen
vessel.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct genus of large, fossil,
bivalve shells, allied to the mussels. The genus is characteristic of
the Cretaceous period.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*oc`u*la*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inoculable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*oc"u*la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Inoculate</u>.] <def>Capable of being inoculated; capable of
communicating disease, or of being communicated, by
inoculation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*oc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>
<def>Inserted in the corner of the eye; -- said of the antenn&aelig;
of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*oc"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inoculated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inoculating</u> (?).] [L. <i>inoculatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>inoculare</i> to ingraft; pref. <i>in-</i> in, on + <i>oculare</i>
to furnish with eyes, fr. <i>oculus</i> an eye, also, a bud. See
<u>Ocular</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bud; to insert, or graft,
as the bud of a tree or plant in another tree or plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To insert a foreign bud into; as, to
<i>inoculate</i> a tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To communicate a disease to
( a person ) by inserting infectious matter in the skin or flesh; as,
to <i>inoculate</i> a person with the virus of smallpox, rabies, etc.
See <u>Vaccinate</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To introduce into the mind; -- used
especially of harmful ideas or principles; to imbue; as, to
<i>inoculate</i> one with treason or infidelity.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*oc"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To graft by inserting buds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To communicate disease by
inoculation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*oc"u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inoculatio</i>: cf. F. <i>inoculation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or art of inoculating trees or plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act or practice of
communicating a disease to a person in health, by inserting
contagious matter in his skin or flesh.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The use was formerly limited to the intentional
communication of the smallpox, but is now extended to include any
similar introduction of modified virus; as, the <i>inoculation</i> of
rabies by Pasteur.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The communication of principles,
especially false principles, to the mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*oc"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>inoculateur</i>.] <def>One who inoculates; one who propagates
plants or diseases by inoculation.</def></p>

<p><! p. 767 !></p>

<p><hw>In*o"di*ate</hw> (&ibreve;n*&omacr;"d&ibreve;*&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> in + L. <i>odium</i>
hatred.] <def>To make odious or hateful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*o"dor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inodorous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*o"dor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inodorus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Odorous</u>.]
<def>Emitting no odor; wthout smell; scentless; odorless.</def> --
<wf>In*o"dor*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In"of*fen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>offensiue</i>: cf. F. <i>inoffensif</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Giving no offense, or provocation; causing no
uneasiness, annoyance, or disturbance; as, an <i>inoffensive</i> man,
answer, appearance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Harmless; doing no injury or
mischief.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not obstructing; presenting no
interruption or hindrance.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So have I seen a river gently glide<BR>
In a smooth course, and <i>inoffensive</i> tide.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In"of*fen"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In"of*fen"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In"of*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
official; not having official sanction or authority; not according to
the forms or ceremony of official business; as, <i>inofficial</i>
intelligence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pinckney and Marshall would not make <i>inofficial</i>
visits to discuss official business.</blockquote>
<i>Pickering.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Private; informal; unwarranted; unauthorizod;
irregular; unceremonious; unprofessional.</p>

<p><hw>In`of*fi"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without the
usual forms, or not in the official character.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`of*fi"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inofficiosus</i>: cf. F. <i>inofficieux</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Officious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Indifferent to
obligation or duty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou drown'st thyself in <i>inofficious</i>
sleep.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not officious; not civil or
attentive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jonhson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Law)</i> <def>Regardless of natural
obligation; contrary to natural duty; unkind; -- commonly said of a
testament made without regard to natural obligation, or by which a
child is unjustly deprived of inheritance.</def> "The
<i>inofficious</i> testament." <i>Blackstone.</i> "An
<i>inofficious</i> disposition of his fortune." <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`of*fi"cious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not
officiously.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
muscle + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A complex nitrogenous
substance, which, by Hermann's hypothesis, is continually decomposed
and reproduced in the muscles, during their life.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*op`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inoperari</i> to effect; pref. in- in + <i>operari</i> to
operate.] <def>Agency; influence; production of effects.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*op"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>operative</i>.] <def>Not operative; not active;
producing no effects; as, laws renderd <i>inoperative</i> by neglect;
<i>inoperative</i> remedies or processes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`o*per"cu*lar</hw> (?), <hw>In`o*per"cu*late</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having no operculum; --
said of certain gastropod shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`o*pin"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inopinabilis</i>. See <u>Inopinate</u>.] <def>Not to be expected;
inconceivable.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Inopinable</i>, incredible . . .
sayings."  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*op"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inopinatus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Opine</u>.] <def>Not
expected or looked for.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*op`por*tune"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inopportunus</i>: cf. F. <i>inopportun</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Opportune</u>.] <def>Not opportune; inconvenient;
unseasonable; as, an <i>inopportune</i> occurrence, remark,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No visit could have been more
<i>inopportune</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*op`por*tune"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not
opportunely; unseasonably; inconveniently.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*op`por*tu"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
opportunity; unseasonableness; inconvenience.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`op*press"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
oppressive or burdensome.</def>  <i>O. Wolcott.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*op"u*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>opulent</i>: cf. F. <i>inopulent</i>.] <def>Not opulent; not
affluent or rich.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*or"di*na*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being inordinate; excessiveness; immoderateness; as,
the <i>inordinacy</i> of love or desire.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*or"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inordinatus</i> disordered. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Ordinate</u>.] <def>Not limited to rules prescribed, or to usual
bounds; irregular; excessive; immoderate; as, an <i>inordinate</i>
love of the world.</def> "<i>Inordinate</i> desires." <i>Milton.</i>
"<i>Inordinate</i> vanity." <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*or"di*nate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*or"di*nate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*or`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inordinatio</i>.] <def>Deviation from custom, rule, or right;
irregularity; inordinacy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>inordination</i> of religion that is not in
defect, is properly called superstition.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`or*gan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>organic</i>: cf. F. <i>inorganique</i>.] <def>Not organic;
without the organs necessary for life; devoid of an organized
structure; unorganized; lifeness; inanimate; as, all chemical
compounds are <i>inorganic</i> substances.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>inorganic</i> is used to denote any one the
large series of substances (as minerals, metals, etc.), which are not
directly connected with vital processes, either in origin or nature,
and which are broadly and relatively contrasted with <i>organic</i>
substances. See <u>Organic</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Inorganic Chemistry</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Chemistry</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`or*gan"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inorganic.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`or*gan"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inorganic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`or*gan"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being inorganic.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>inorganity</i> of the soul."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*or`gan*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being without organization.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*or"gan*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having
organic structure; devoid of organs; inorganic.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`or*thog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Deviation from correct orthography; bad spelling.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*os"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inosculated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inosculating</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>osculate</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite by apposition or
contact, as two tubular vessels at their extremities; to
anastomose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To intercommunicate; to
interjoin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The several monthly divisions of the journal may
<i>inosculate</i>, but not the several volumes.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*os"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite by apposition or contact, as two
vessels in an animal body.</def>  <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite intimately; to cause to become as
one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were still together, grew<BR>
(For so they said themselves) <i>inosculated</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*os`cu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inosculation</i>.] <def>The junction or connection of vessels,
channels, or passages, so that their contents pass from one to the
other; union by mouths or ducts; anastomosis; intercommunication; as,
<i>inosculation</i> of veins, etc.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`o*sin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Inosite</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from,
inosite; as, <i>inosinic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"o*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'i`s</grk>,
<grk>'ino`s</grk>, strength, muscle.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A
white crystalline substance with a sweet taste, found in certain
animal tissues and fluids, particularly in the muscles of the heart
and lungs, also in some plants, as in unripe pease, beans, potato
sprouts, etc.  Called also <i>phaseomannite</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Chemically, it has the composition represented by the
formula, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>+H<sub>2</sub>O, and
was formerly regarded as a carbohydrate, isomeric with dextrose, but
is now known to be an aromatic compound (a hexacid phenol derivative
of benzene).</p>

<p><hw>In*ox"idi`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Incapable of being oxidized; as, gold and platinum are
<i>inoxidizable</i> in the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ox"i*dize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To prevent
or hinder oxidation, rust, or decay; as, <i>inoxidizing</i> oils or
varnishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In` pos"se</hw> (?). [L.] <def>In possibility; possible,
although not yet in existence or come to pass; -- contradistinguished
from <i>in esse</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`quar*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Quartation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"quest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>enqueste</i>,
OF. <i>enqueste</i>, F. <i>enqu&ecirc;te</i>, LL. <i>inquesta</i>,
for <i>inquisita</i>, fr. L. <i>inquisitus</i>, p. p. of
<i>inquirere</i>. See <u>Inquire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inquiry; quest; search.</def> [R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The laborious and vexatious <i>inquest</i> that the
soul must make after science.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Judicial
inquiry; official examination, esp. before a jury; as, a coroner's
<i>inquest</i> in case of a sudden death.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A body of men assembled under authority of law to inquire into
any matter, civil or criminal, particularly any case of violent or
sudden death; a jury, particularly a coroner's jury. The <i>grand
jury</i> is sometimes called the <i>grand inquest</i>. See under
<u>Grand</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The finding of the jury
upon such inquiry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coroner's inquest</b></col>, <cd>an inquest held by a
coroner to determine the cause of any violent, sudden, or mysterious
death. See <u>Coroner</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Inquest of
office</b></col>, <cd>an inquiry made, by authority or direction of
proper officer, into matters affecting the rights and interests of
the crown or of the state.</cd>  <i>Craig. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*qui"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inquietare</i>: cf. F. <i>inquieter</i>. See <u>Quiet</u>.]
<def>To disquiet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*qui`e*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inquietatio</i> : cf. F. <i>inquielation</i>.]
<def>Disturbance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*qui"et*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unquietness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*qui"e*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inquietudo</i>: cf. F. <i>inquietude</i>.] <def>Disturbed state;
uneasiness either of body or mind; restlessness; disquietude.</def>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"qui*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inquilinus</i> a tenant, lodger.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
gallfly which deposits its eggs in galls formed by other
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"qui*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inquinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>inquinare</i> to defile.] <def>To
defile; to pollute; to contaminate; to befoul.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`qui*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inquinatio</i>.] <def>A defiling; pollution; stain.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*quir"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>enquerable</i>.] <def>Capable of being inquired into; subject or
liable to inquisition or inquest.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*quir"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inquiry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*quire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inquired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inquiring</u>.] [OE. <i>enqueren</i>, <i>inqueren</i>, OF.
<i>enquerre</i>, F. <i>enqu&eacute;rir</i>, L. <i>inquirere</i>,
<i>inquisitum</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>quarere</i> to seek. See
<u>Quest</u> a seeking, and cf. <u>Inquiry</u>.] [Written also
<i>enquire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ask a question; to seek
for truth or information by putting queries.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We will call the damsel, and
<i>inquire</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxiv. 57.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then David <i>inquired</i> of the Lord yet again. And
the Lord answered him.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xxiii. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seek to learn anything by recourse to
the proper means of knowledge; to make examination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>inquire</i><BR>
Gladly into the ways of God with man.</blockquote> <i>Miltom.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word is followed by <i>of</i> before the person asked;
as, to <i>inquire</i> of a neighbor. It is followed by
<i>concerning</i>, <i>after</i>, or <i>about</i>, before the subject
of inquiry; as, his friends <i>inquired about or concerning</i> his
welfare. "Thou dost not <i>inquire</i> wisely <i>concerning</i>
this." <i>Eccl. vii. 10.</i> It is followed by <i>into</i> when
search is made for particular knowledge or information; as, to
<i>inquire into</i> the cause of a sudden death. It is followed by
<i>for</i> or <i>after</i> when a place or person is sought, or
something is missing. "<i>Inquire</i> in the house of Judas
<i>for</i> one called Saul of Tarsus." <i>Acts ix. 11.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*quire"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To ask about; to seek to know by asking; to make examination or
inquiry respecting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Having thus at length <i>inquired</i> the truth
concerning law and dispense.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And all obey and few <i>inquire</i> his
will.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To call or name.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To ask; question. See <u>Question</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*quir"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inquirens</i>, <i>p. pr.</i>] <def>Making inquiry; inquiring;
questioning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*quir"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>enquirer</i>.] <def>One who inquires or examines; questioner;
investigator.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Expert <i>inquirers</i> after truth.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*quir"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to inquiry;
disposed to investigate causes; curious; as, an <i>inquiring</i>
mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*quir"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inquiring manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*quir"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Inquiries</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Inquire</u>.] [Written also
<i>enquiry</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inquiring; a
seeking for information by asking questions; interrogation; a
question or questioning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He could no path nor track of foot descry,<BR>
Nor by <i>inquiry</i> learn, nor guess by aim.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The men which were sent from Cornelius had made
<i>inquiry</i> for Simon's house, and stood before the
gate.</blockquote> <i>Acts x. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Search for truth, information, or
knowledge; examination into facts or principles; research;
investigation; as, physical <i>inquiries</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that is wanting to the perfection of this art will
undoubtedly be found, if able men . . . will make <i>inquiry</i> into
it.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Court of inquiry</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Court</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Writ of inquiry</b></col>, <cd>a writ
issued in certain actions at law, where the defendant has suffered
judgment to pass against him by default, in order to ascertain and
assess the plaintiff's damages, where they can not readily be
ascertained by mere calculation.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Interrogation; interrogatory; question; query;
scrutiny; investigation; research; examination.</p>

<p><hw>In*quis"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting
judicial inquiry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`qui*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inquisitio</i> : cf. F. <i>inquisition</i>.  See <u>Inquire</u>,
and cf. <u>Inquest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
inquiring; inquiry; search; examination; inspection;
investigation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As I could learn through earnest
<i>inquisition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not search and <i>inquisition</i> quail<BR>
To bring again these foolish runaways.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Judicial
inquiry; official examination; inquest.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The finding of a jury, especially such a finding under a writ of
inquiry.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The justices in eyre had it formerly in charge to make
<i>inquisition</i> concerning them by a jury of the
county.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A court or tribunal for
the examination and punishment of heretics, fully established by Pope
Gregory IX. in 1235. Its operations were chiefly confined to Spain,
Portugal, and their dependencies, and a part of Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`qui*si"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
inquisition concerning; to inquire into.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`qui*si"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>inquisitionalis</i>.] <def>Relating to inquiry or inquisition;
inquisitorial; also, of or pertaining to, or characteristic of, the
Inquisition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>inquisitional</i> rigor . . . executed upon
books.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`qui*si"tion*a*ry</hw>, (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inquisitionnaire</i>.] [R.] <def>Inquisitional.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*quis"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>inquisitif</i>, F. <i>inquisitif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Disposed to ask questions, especially in matters which do not
concern the inquirer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wise man is not <i>inquisitive</i> about things
impertinent.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to examination, investigation, or
research; searching; curious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A young, <i>inquisitive</i>, and sprightly
genius.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inquiring; prying; curious; meddling; intrusive.  -
- <u>Inquisitive</u>, <u>Curious</u>, <u>Prying</u>. <i>Curious</i>
denotes a feeling, and <i>inquisitive</i> a habit. We are
<i>curious</i> when we desire to learn something new; we are
<i>inquisitive</i> when we set ourselves to gain it by inquiry or
research. <i>Prying</i> implies <i>inquisitiveness</i>, and is more
commonly used in a bad sense, as indicating a desire to penetrate
into the secrets of others.</p>

<p><blockquote>[We] <i>curious</i> are to hear,<BR>
What happens new.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This folio of four pages [a newspaper], happy
work!<BR>
Which not even critics criticise; that holds<BR>
<i>Inquisitive</i> attention, while I read.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor need we with a <i>prying</i> eye survey<BR>
The distant skies, to find the Milky Way.</blockquote>
<i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*quis"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who is
inquisitive; one curious in research.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*quis"i*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inquisitive manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The occasion that made him afterwards so
<i>inquisitively</i> apply himself to the study of
physic.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*quis"i*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inquisitive; the disposition to seek
explanation and information; curiosity to learn what is unknown;
esp., uncontrolled and impertinent curiosity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Boswell, whose <i>inquisitiveness</i> is seconded
by great activity, scrambled in at a high window.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Curiosity in children nature has provided, to remove
that ignorance they were born with; which, without this busy
<i>inquisitiveness</i>, will make them dull.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*quis"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>inquisiteur</i>. See <u>Inquire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
inquisitive person; one fond of asking questions.</def> [R.]
"<i>Inquisitors</i> are tatlers."  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One whose official duty it is
to examine and inquire, as coroners, sheriffs, etc.</def>  <i>Mozley
& W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>A member of the Court of
Inquisition.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*quis`i*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inquisitorial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to
inquisition; making rigorous and unfriendly inquiry; searching; as,
<i>inquisitorial</i> power.</def> "Illiberal and <i>inquisitorial</i>
abuse."  <i>F. Blackburne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He conferred on it a kind of <i>inquisitorial</i> and
censorious power even over the laity, and directed it to inquire into
all matters of conscience.</blockquote> <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the Court of Inquisition or
resembling its practices.</def> "<i>Inquisitorial</i> robes."  <i>C.
Buchanan.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*quis`i*to"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inquisitorial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*quis`i*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making
strict inquiry; inquisitorial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*quis`i*tu"ri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inquisitorial.</def> [Obs.] "Our <i>inquisiturient</i> bishops."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*rac"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> in + F. <i>racine</i> root: cf. F. <i>enraciner</i>.] <def>To
enroot or implant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*rail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inrailed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inrailing</u>.] <def>To rail in; to inclose or surround, as with
rails.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*reg"is*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inregistered</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Inregistering</u>.] [Pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>register</i>: cf. F. <i>enregistrer</i>.  Cf. <u>Enregister</u>.]
<def>To register; to enter, as in a register.</def> [R.]
<i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"road`</hw> (&ibreve;n"r&omacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The entrance of an enemy into a country with purposes of
hostility; a sudden or desultory incursion or invasion; raid;
encroachment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The loss of Shrewsbury exposed all North Wales to the
daily <i>inroads</i> of the enemy.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With perpetual <i>inroads</i> to alarm,<BR>
Though inaccessible, his fatal throne.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Invasion; incursion; irruption. See
<u>Invasion</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 768 !></p>

<p><hw>In*road"</hw> (&ibreve;n*r&omacr;d"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inroaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inroading</u>.] <def>To make an inroad into; to
invade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Saracens . . . conquered Spain, <i>inroaded</i>
Aquitaine.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*roll"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Enroll</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"run`ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or the
place of entrance; an inlet.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"rush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rush inwards;
as, the <i>inrush</i> of the tide.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*rush"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rush
in.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In*sab`ba*ta"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>Insabatati</i>. See 1st <u>In-</u>, and <u>Sabot</u>.] <def>The
Waldenses; -- so called from their peculiarly cut or marked
<i>sabots</i>, or shoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*safe"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Insecurity;
danger.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*sal`i*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The mixing of the food with the saliva and
other secretions of the mouth in eating.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sa*lu"bri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>salubrious</i>: cf. L. <i>insalubris</i>, F.
<i>insalubre</i>.] <def>Not salubrious or healthful; unwholesome; as,
an <i>insalubrious</i> air or climate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sa*lu"bri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>insalubrite</i>.] <def>Unhealthfulness; unwholesomeness; as, the
<i>insalubrity</i> of air, water, or climate.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sal"u*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insaluteris</i> : cf. F. <i>insalutaire</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Salutary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not salutary or
wholesome; unfavorable to health.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not tending to safety; productive of
evil.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*san`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being insanable or incurable; insanableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*san"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insanabilis</i>; cf. OF. <i>insanable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Sanable</u>.] <def>Not capable of being healed; incurable;
irremediable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*san"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being insanable; insanability; incurableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*san"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an incurable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>insanus</i>.
See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Sane</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exhibiting unsoundness or disorder of mind; not sane; mad;
deranged in mind; delirious; distracted. See <u>Insanity</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Used by, or appropriated to, insane
persons; as, an <i>insane</i> hospital.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Causing insanity or madness.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Or have we eaten on the <i>insane</i>root<BR>
That takes the reason prisoner ?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by insanity or the utmost
folly; chimerical; unpractical; as, an <i>insane</i> plan, attempt,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know not which was the <i>insane</i>
measure.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sane"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without reason;
madly; foolishly.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sane"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Insanity;
madness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sa"ni*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
unsound; to make mad.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sa"nie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Insanity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*san"i*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
sanitary; unhealthy; as, <i>insanitary</i> conditions of
drainage.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*san`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lack of
sanitation; careless or dangerous hygienic conditions.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*san"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insanitas</i> unsoundness; cf. <i>insania</i> insanity, F.
<i>insanite</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being insane;
unsoundness or derangement of mind; madness; lunacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All power of fancy over reason is a degree of
<i>insanity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Without grace<BR>
The heart's <i>insanity</i> admits no cure.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Such a mental condition, as,
either from the existence of delusions, or from incapacity to
distinguish between right and wrong, with regard to any matter under
action, does away with individual responsibility.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn. --</b> <u>Insanity</u>, <u>Lunacy</u>, <u>Madness</u>,
<u>Derangement</u>, <u>Alienation</u>, <u>Aberration</u>,
<u>Mania</u>, <u>Delirium</u>, <u>Frenzy</u>, <u>Monomania</u>,
<u>Dementia</u>.  <i>Insanity</i> is the generic term for all such
diseases; <i>lunacy</i> has now an equal extent of meaning, though
once used to denote periodical insanity; <i>madness</i> has the same
extent, though originally referring to the rage created by the
disease; <i>derangement</i>, <i>alienation</i>, are popular terms for
insanity; <i>delirium</i>, <i>mania</i>, and <i>frenzy</i> denote
excited states of the disease; <i>dementia</i> denotes the loss of
mental power by this means; <i>monomania</i> is insanity upon a
single subject.</p>

<p><hw>In*sa"po*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>sapor</i>.] <def>Tasteless; unsavory.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sa`tia*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, [L.
<i>insatiabilitas</i>; cf. F. <i>insatiabilite</i>.] <def> The state
or quality of being insatiable; insatiableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eagerness for increase of possession deluges the soul,
and we sink into the gulfs of <i>insatiability</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sa"tia*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>insatiable</i>, L. <i>ionsatiabilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Satiable</u>.] <def>Not satiable; incapable of being satisfied or
appeased; very greedy; as, an <i>insatiable</i> appetite, thirst, or
desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>Insatiable</i> of glory."</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sa"tia*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Greediness
of appetite that can not be satisfied or appeased;
insatiability.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The eye of the covetous hath a more particular
<i>insatiableness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sa"tia*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
insatiable manner or degree; unappeasably.</def> "<i>Insatiably</i>
covetous."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sa"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insatiatus</i>.] <def>Insatiable; as, <i>insatiate</i>
thirst.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>insatiate</i> greediness of his
desires.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And still <i>insatiate</i>, thirsting still for
blood.</blockquote> <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sa"ti*ate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Insatiably.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sa"ti*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being insatiate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sa*ti"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insatietas</i>: cf. F. <i>insatiete</i>.  See <u>Satiety</u>.]
<def>Insatiableness.</def>  <i>T. Grander.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sat`is*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Insufficiency; emptiness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dissatisfaction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sat"u*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insaturabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>insaturable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Saturable</u>.] <def>Not capable of being saturated or
satisfied.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"science</hw> (&ibreve;n"sh<i>e</i>ns; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>inscientia</i>: cf. F. <i>inscience</i>.]
<def>Want of knowledge; ignorance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In"scient</hw> (&ibreve;n"sh<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>insciens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, ignorant. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Scient</u>, <u>Science</u>.] <def>Having little or no knowledge;
ignorant; stupid; silly.</def> [R.]  <i>N. Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"scient</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> in + L.
<i>sciens</i> knowing.] <def>Having knowledge or insight;
intelligent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Gaze on, with <i>inscient</i> vision, toward the
sun.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sconce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ensconce</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*scrib"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being inscribed, -- used specif. <i>(Math.)</i> of solids or plane
figures capable of being inscribed in other solids or
figures.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*scrib"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being inscribable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inscribed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inscribing</u>.] [L. <i>inscribere</i>. See 1st
<u>In-</u>, and <u>Scribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To write or
engrave; to mark down as something to be read; to imprint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Inscribe</i> a verse on this relenting
stone.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark with letters, characters, or
words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O let thy once lov'd friend <i>inscribe</i> thy
stone.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assign or address to; to commend to by
a short address; to dedicate informally; as, to <i>inscribe</i> an
ode to a friend.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To imprint deeply; to impress; to stamp;
as, to <i>inscribe</i> a sentence on the memory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>To draw within so as to
meet yet not cut the boundaries.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>line</i> is inscribed in a circle, or in a sphere,
when its two ends are in the circumference of the circle, or in the
surface of the sphere. A <i>triangle</i> is inscribed in another
triangle, when the three angles of the former are severally on the
three sides of the latter. A <i>circle</i> is inscribed in a polygon,
when it touches each side of the polygon. A <i>sphere</i> is
inscribed in a polyhedron, when the sphere touches each boundary
plane of the polyhedron. The latter figure in each case is
<i>circumscribed</i> about the former.</p>

<p><hw>In*scrib"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
inscribes.</def>  <i>Pownall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*scrip"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being inscribed; inscribable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*scrip"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inscriptio</i>, fr. <i>inscribere</i>, <i>inscriptum</i>, to
inscribe: cf. F. <i>inscription</i>. See <u>Inscribe</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of inscribing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is inscribed; something written
or engraved; especially, a word or words written or engraved on a
solid substance for preservation or public inspection; as,
<i>inscriptions</i> on monuments, pillars, coins, medals,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A line of division or
intersection; as, the tendinous <i>inscriptions</i>, or
intersections, of a muscle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An address, consignment, or informal
dedication, as of a book to a person, as a mark of respect or an
invitation of patronage.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*scrip"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing
inscription; of the character or nature of an inscription.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*scroll"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inscrolled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inscrolling</u>.] <def>To write on a scroll; to
record.</def> [Written also <i>inscrol</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*scru`ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inscrutable; inscrutableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*scru"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inscrutabilis</i> : cf. F. <i>inscrutable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Scrutiny</u>.] <def>Unsearchable; incapable of being searched
into and understood by inquiry or study; impossible or difficult to
be explained or accounted for satisfactorily; obscure;
incomprehensible; as, an <i>inscrutable</i> design or
event.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is not in man<BR>
To yield a reason for the will of Heaven<BR>
Which is <i>inscrutable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Waiving a question so <i>inscrutable</i> as
this.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*scru"ta*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inscrutable; inscrutability.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*scru"ta*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inscrutable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sculp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insculpere</i>: cf. F. <i>insculper</i>. See 1st <u>In-</u>, and
<u>Sculptor</u>.] <def>To engrave; to carve; to sculpture.</def>
[Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which he <i>insculped</i> in two likely
stones.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sculp"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inscription.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*sculp"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
engraving, carving, or inscription.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>On his gravestone this
<i>insculpture</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sculp"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<def>Engraved.</def>  <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*seam"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inseamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inseaming</u>.] <def>To impress or mark with a seam or
cicatrix.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*search"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
search after; to investigate or examine; to ensearch.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*sec"a*ble</hw> (&ibreve;n*s&ebreve;k"&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>insecabilis</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not +
<i>secabilis</i> that may be cut: cf. F. <i>insecable</i>.]
<def>Incapable of being divided by cutting; indivisible.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"sect</hw> (&ibreve;n"s&ebreve;kt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>insecte</i>, L. <i>insectum</i>, fr. <i>insectus</i>, p. p. of
<i>insecare</i> to cut in. See <u>Section</u>. The name was
originally given to certain small animals, whose bodies appear <i>cut
in</i>, or almost divided.  Cf. <u>Entomology</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Insecta; esp.,
one of the Hexapoda. See <u>Insecta</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The hexapod insects pass through three stages during their
growth, viz., the larva, pupa, and imago or adult, but in some of the
orders the larva differs little from the imago, except in lacking
wings, and the active pupa is very much like the larva, except in
having rudiments of wings. In the higher orders, the larva is usually
a grub, maggot, or caterpillar, totally unlike the adult, while the
pupa is very different from both larva and imago and is inactive,
taking no food.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any air-breathing
arthropod, as a spider or scorpion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small crustacean.
In a wider sense, the word is often loosely applied to various small
invertebrates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Any small, trivial, or contemptible
person or thing.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Insect powder</b></col>, <cd>a powder used for the
extermination of insects; esp., the powdered flowers of certain
species of <i>Pyrethrum</i>, a genus now merged in
<i>Chrysanthemum</i>. Called also <i>Persian powder</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"sect</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to an insect or insects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like an insect; small; mean;
ephemeral.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In*sec"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Insect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the classes of Arthropoda, including those that have one pair of
antenn&aelig;, three pairs of mouth organs, and breathe air by means
of trache&aelig;, opening by spiracles along the sides of the body.
In this sense it includes the Hexapoda, or six-legged insects and the
Myriapoda, with numerous legs. See <u>Insect</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>In a more restricted
sense, the Hexapoda alone. See <u>Hexapoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>In the most general
sense, the Hexapoda, Myriapoda, and Arachnoidea, combined.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The typical Insecta, or hexapod insects, are divided into
several orders, viz.: <i>Hymenoptera</i>, as the bees and ants;
<i>Diptera</i>, as the common flies and gnats; <i>Aphaniptera</i>, or
fleas; <i>Lepidoptera</i>, or moths and butterflies;
<i>Neuroptera</i>, as the ant-lions and hellgamite;
<i>Coleoptera</i>, or beetles; <i>Hemiptera</i>, as bugs, lice,
aphids; <i>Orthoptera</i>, as grasshoppers and cockroaches;
<i>Pseudoneuroptera</i>, as the dragon flies and termites;
<i>Euplexoptera</i>, or earwigs; <i>Thysanura</i>, as the
springtails, podura, and lepisma. See these words in the
Vocabulary.</p>

<p><hw>In"sec*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place for
keeping living insects.</def> -- <wf>In`sec*ta"ri*um</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]</p>

<p><hw>In`sec*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insectatio</i>. See <u>Insectator</u>.] <def>The act of pursuing;
pursuit; harassment; persecution.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`sec*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>insectari</i> to pursue, freq. fr. <i>insequi</i>. See
<u>Ensue</u>.] <def>A pursuer; a persecutor; a censorious
critic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"sect*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
having the nature of, or resembling, an insect.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sec"ti*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Insect</i> +
L. <i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>An agent or preparation for
destroying insects; an insect powder.</def> --
<wf>In*sec"ti*ci`dal</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*sec"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or having the nature of, insects.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Insect</u>.] <def>A cutting in; incisure; incision.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`sec*tiv"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from L. <i>insectum</i> an insect + <i>vorare</i> to devour.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An order of mammals which
feed principally upon insects.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are mostly of small size, and their molar teeth have
sharp cusps. Most of the species burrow in the earth, and many of
those of cold climates hibernate in winter. The order includes the
moles, shrews, hedgehogs, tanrecs, and allied animals, also the
colugo.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A division of the Cheiroptera, including
the common or insect-eating bats.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sec"ti*vore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Insectivores</b></plw> (-v&omacr;rz). [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Insectivora.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sec*tiv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Insectivora</u>.] <def>Feeding or subsisting on insects;
carnivorous.</def> The term is applied: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> to
<def>plants which have some special adaptation for catching and
digesting insects, as the sundew, Venus's flytrap, Sarracenia,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> to <def>the Insectivora, and to many
bats, birds, and reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sec*tol"o*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
entomologist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`sec*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Insect</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>insectologie</i>.] <def>Entomology.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`se*cure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not secure; not confident of safety or permanence; distrustful;
suspicious; apprehensive of danger or loss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With sorrow and <i>insecure</i>
apprehensions.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not effectually guarded, protected, or
sustained; unsafe; unstable; exposed to danger or loss.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hurg.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The trade with Egypt was exceedingly <i>insecure</i>
and precarious.</blockquote> <i>Mickle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`se*cure"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an insecure
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`se*cure"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Insecurity.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`se*cu"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Insecurities</b></plw> (#). [Pref. <i>in-</i> not +
<i>security</i> : cf. LL. <i>insecuritas</i>, F. <i>insecurite</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or quality of being insecure;
want of safety; danger; hazard; as, the <i>insecurity</i> of a
building liable to fire; <i>insecurity</i> of a debt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of feeling insecure;
uncertainty; want of confidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With what <i>insecurity</i> of truth we ascribe
effects . . . unto arbitrary calculations.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A time of <i>insecurity</i>, when interests of all
sorts become objects of speculation.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`se*cu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insecutio</i>, fr. <i>insequi</i> p. p. <i>insecutus</i>. See
<u>Ensue</u>.] <def>A following after; close pursuit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><! p. 769 !></p>

<p><hw>In*sem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inseminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>inseminare</i> to sow. See
<u>Seminate</u>.] <def>To sow; to impregnate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*sem`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sowing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*sen"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insensatus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Sensate</u>.]
<def>Wanting sensibility; destitute of sense; stupid;
foolish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The silence and the calm<BR>
Of mute, <i>insensate</i> things.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The meddling folly or <i>insensate</i> ambition of
statesmen.</blockquote> <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*sen"sate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*sen"sate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*sense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
in + <i>sense</i>.] <def>To make to understand; to instruct.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sen`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>insensibilit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being insensible;
want of sensibility; torpor; unconsciousness; as, the
<i>insensibility</i> produced by a fall, or by opiates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of tenderness or susceptibility of
emotion or passion; dullness; stupidity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dullness; numbness; unfeelingness; stupidity;
torpor; apathy; impassiveness; indifference.</p>

<p><hw>In*sen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insensibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>insensible</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Sensible</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of the power of feeling or
perceiving; wanting bodily sensibility.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not susceptible of emotion or passion;
void of feeling; apathetic; unconcerned; indifferent; as,
<i>insensible</i> to danger, fear, love, etc.; -- often used with
<i>of</i> or <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Accept an obligation without being a slave to the
giver, or <i>insensible</i> to his kindness.</blockquote> <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lost in their loves, <i>insensible</i> of
shame.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being perceived by the
senses; imperceptible. Hence: Progressing by imperceptible degrees;
slow; gradual; as, <i>insensible</i> motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two small and almost <i>insensible</i> pricks were
found upon Cleopatra's arm.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They fall away,<BR>
And languish with <i>insensible</i> decay.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not sensible or reasonable;
meaningless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If it make the indictment be <i>insensible</i> or
uncertain, it shall be quashed.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Imperceptible; imperceivable; dull; stupid; torpid;
numb; unfeeling; apathetic; stoical; impassive; indifferent;
unsusceptible; hard; callous.</p>

<p><hw>In*sen"si*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Insensibility.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sen"si*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner
not to be felt or perceived; imperceptibly; gradually.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hills rise <i>insensibly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sen"si*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
sensitive; wanting sensation, or wanting acute sensibility.</def>
<i>Tillotson. Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sen"su*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>sensuous</i>.] <def>Not sensuous; not pertaining to,
affecting, or addressing, the senses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That intermediate door<BR>
Betwixt the different planes of sensuous form<BR>
And form <i>insensuous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sen"ti*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
sentient; not having perception, or the power of
perception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . attributes of an <i>insentient</i>, inert
substance.</blockquote> <i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But there can be nothing like to this sensation in the
rose, because it is <i>insentient</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sep`a*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inseparabilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>ins&eacute;parabilit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The quality or state of being inseparable;
inseparableness.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sep"a*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inseparabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>ins&eacute;parable</i>. See <u>In-
</u>, and <u>Separable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not separable; incapable of being
separated or disjoined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The history of every language is <i>inseparable</i>
from that of the people by whom it is spoken.</blockquote>
<i>Mure.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Liberty and union, now and forever, one and
<i>inseparable</i>.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Invariably attached to some
word, stem, or root; as, the <i>inseparable</i> particle <i>un</i>-
.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sep"a*ra*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inseparable; inseparability.</def>  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sep"a*ra*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inseparable manner or condition; so as not to be separable.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And cleaves through life <i>inseparably</i>
close.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sep"a*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inseparatus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Separate</u>.]
<def>Not separate; together; united.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sep"a*rate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Inseparably.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cranmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inserted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inserting</u>.] [L. <i>insertus</i>, p. p. of <i>inserere</i> to
insert; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>serere</i> to join, connect. See
<u>Series</u>.] <def>To set within something; to put or thrust in; to
introduce; to cause to enter, or be included, or contained; as, to
<i>insert</i> a scion in a stock; to <i>insert</i> a letter, word, or
passage in a composition; to <i>insert</i> an advertisement in a
newspaper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These words were very weakly <i>inserted</i> where
they will be so liable to misconstruction.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sert"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Situated upon, attached to, or growing out of, some part; --
said especially of the parts of the flower; as, the calyx, corolla,
and stamens of many flowers are <i>inserted</i> upon the
receptacle.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sert"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A setting in.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something inserted or set in, as lace,
etc., in garments.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*ser"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insertio</i>: cf. F. <i>insertion</i>. See <u>Insert</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inserting; as, the
<i>insertion</i> of scions in stocks; the <i>insertion</i> of words
or passages in writings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition or mode of being inserted or
attached; as, the <i>insertion</i> of stamens in a calyx.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is set in or inserted,
especially a narrow strip of embroidered lace, muslin, or
cambric.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The point or part by which
a muscle or tendon is attached to the part to be moved; -- in
contradistinction to its <i>origin</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Epigynous insertion</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
insertion of stamens upon the ovary.</cd> -- <col><b>Hypogynous
insertion</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>insertion beneath the
ovary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*serve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inservire</i>; <i>in-</i> in + <i>servire</i> to serve.] <def>To
be of use to an end; to serve.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*serv"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inserviens</i>, p. pr. of <i>inservire</i>.] <def>Conducive;
instrumental.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ses"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insessio</i>, fr. <i>insidere</i>, <i>insessum</i>, to sit in. See
<u>Insidious</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of sitting, as in a tub or
bath.</def> "Used by way of fomentation, <i>insession</i>, or bath."
[R.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That in which one sits, as a bathing
tub.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Insessions</i> be bathing tubs half
full.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In*ses"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Insessores</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Insessores</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Insessores. The group includes
most of the common singing birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`ses*so"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>insessor</i>, lit., one who sits down, fr. <i>incidere</i>. See
<u>Insession</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of birds,
formerly established to include the perching birds, but now generally
regarded as an artificial group.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ses*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or having
the character of, perching birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging or pertaining to the
Insessores.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*set"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To infix.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"set</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is inserted or set in; an insertion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bookbinding)</i> <def>One or more separate
leaves inserted in a volume before binding; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A
portion of the printed sheet in certain sizes of books which is cut
off before folding, and set into the middle of the folded sheet to
complete the succession of paging; -- also called <i>offcut</i>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A page or pages of advertisements
inserted.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sev"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being severed; indivisible; inseparable.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*shad"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked with
different shades.</def>  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"shave`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A
plane for shaving or dressing the concave or inside faces of barrel
staves.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sheathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To insert
as in a sheath; to sheathe.</def>  <i>Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*shell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hide in a
shell.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ship"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
embark.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"shore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being near or
moving towards the shore; as, <i>inshore</i> fisheries;
<i>inshore</i> currents.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Towards
the shore; as, the boat was headed <i>inshore</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*shrine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Enshrine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sic*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of drying in.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> or
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Within the sides of; in the interior;
contained within; as, <i>inside</i> a house, book, bottle,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"side`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being within; included or inclosed in anything; contained;
interior; internal; as, the <i>inside</i> passengers of a stagecoach;
<i>inside</i> decoration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kissing with <i>inside</i> lip.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to the interior.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inside callipers</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>callipers
for measuring the diameters of holes, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Inside
finish</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a general term for the final
work in any building necessary for its completion, but other than
unusual decoration; thus, in joiner work, the doors and windows,
inside shutters, door and window trimmings, paneled jams, baseboards,
and sometimes flooring and stairs; in plaster work, the finishing
coat, the cornices, centerpieces, etc.; in painting, all simple
painting of woodwork and plastering.</cd> -- <col><b>Inside
track</b></col>, <cd>the inner part of a race course; hence,
colloquially, advantage of place, facilities, etc., in
competition.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"side`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The part within; interior or internal portion;
content.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Looked he o' the <i>inside</i> of the
paper?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The inward parts; entrails;
bowels; hence, that which is within; private thoughts and
feelings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here's none but friends; we may speak<BR>
Our <i>insides</i> freely.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An inside passenger of a coach or
carriage, as distinguished from one upon the outside.</def> [Colloq.
Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So down thy hill, romantic Ashbourne, glides<BR>
The Derby dilly, carrying three <i>insides</i>.</blockquote> <i>Anti-
Jacobin.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Patent insides</b></col> or <col><b>outsides</b></col>,
<cd>a name give to newspaper sheets printed on one side with general
and miscellaneous matter, and furnished wholesale to offices of small
newspapers, where the blank pages are filled up with recent and local
news.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*sid"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insidiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>insidiare</i> to lie in ambush, fr.
<i>insidiae</i>. See <u>Insidious</u>.] <def>To lie in ambush
for.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sid"i*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who lies in ambush.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sid"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insidiosus</i>, fr. <i>insidiae</i> an ambush, fr. <i>insidere</i>
to sit in; pref. <i>in-</i> + <i>sedere</i> to sit: cf. F.
<i>insidieux</i>. See <u>Sit</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lying in wait; watching an opportunity to
insnare or entrap; deceitful; sly; treacherous; -- said of persons;
as, the <i>insidious</i> foe.</def> "The <i>insidious</i> witch."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intended to entrap; characterized by
treachery and deceit; as, <i>insidious</i> arts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>insidious</i> whisper of the bad
angel.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Insidious disease</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a disease
existing, without marked symptoms, but ready to become active upon
some slight occasion; a disease not appearing to be as bad as it
really is.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Crafty; wily; artful; sly; designing; guileful;
circumventive; treacherous; deceitful; deceptive.</p>

<p>-- <wf>In*sid"i*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*sid"i*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In"sight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sight or view of the interior of anything; a deep inspection
or view; introspection; -- frequently used with
<i>into</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had an <i>insight</i> into almost all the secrets
of state.</blockquote> <i>Jortin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power of acute observation and deduction;
penetration; discernment; perception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quickest <i>insight</i><BR>
In all things that to greatest actions lead.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sig"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insigne</i>, pl. <i>insignia</i>, fr. <i>insignis</i>
distinguished by a mark; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>signum</i> a mark,
sign. See <u>Ensign</u>, <u>Sign</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Distinguishing marks of authority, office,
or honor; badges; tokens; decorations; as, the <i>insignia</i> of
royalty or of an order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Typical and characteristic marks or signs,
by which anything is known or distinguished; as, the <i>insignia</i>
of a trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sig*nif"i*cance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or quality of being
insignificant; want of significance, sense, or meaning; as, the
<i>insignificance</i> of words or phrases.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of force or effect; unimportance;
pettiness; inefficacy; as, the <i>insignificance</i> of human
art.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Want of claim to consideration or notice;
want of influence or standing; meanness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reduce him, from being the first person in the nation,
to a state of <i>insignificance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`sig*nif"i*can*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Insignificance.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sig*nif"i*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not significant; void of signification,
sense, or import; meaningless; as, <i>insignificant</i>
words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no weight or effect; answering no
purpose; unimportant; valueless; futile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Laws must be <i>insignificant</i> without the sanction
of rewards and punishments.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without weight of character or social
standing; mean; contemptible; as, an <i>insignificant</i>
person.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unimportant; immaterial; inconsiderable; small;
inferior; trivial; mean; contemptible.</p>

<p><hw>In`sig*nif"i*cant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>without
significance, importance, or effect; to no purpose.</def> "Anger
<i>insignificantly</i> fierce."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`sig*nif"i*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insignificativus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Significative</u>.] <def>Not expressing meaning; not
significant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sign"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Insignia</u>.] <def>A token, mark, or explanation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sim"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insimulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>insimulare</i> to accuse.] <def>To
accuse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`sin*cere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insincerus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Sincere</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not being in truth what one appears to be;
not sincere; dissembling; hypocritical; disingenuous; deceitful;
false; -- said of persons; also of speech, thought; etc.; as,
<i>insincere</i> declarations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disappointing; imperfect; unsound.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To render sleep's soft blessings
<i>insincere</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dissembling; hollow; hypocritical; deceptive
deceitful; false; disingenuous; untrustworthy.</p>

<p><hw>In`sin*cere"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
sincerity.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sin*cer"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>insinc&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
insincere; want of sincerity, or of being in reality what one appears
to be; dissimulation; hypocritical; deceitfulness; hollowness;
untrustworthiness; as, the <i>insincerity</i> of a professed friend;
the <i>insincerity</i> of professions of regard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What men call policy and knowledge of the world, is
commonly no other thing than dissimulation and
<i>insincerity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sin"ew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Insinewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Insinewing</u>.] <def>To strengthen, as with sinews; to
invigorate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All members of our cause, . . . <BR>
That are <i>insinewed</i> to this action.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sin"u*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insinuans</i>, p. pr.: cf. F. <i>insinuant</i>.] <def>Insinuating;
insinuative.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*sin"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Insinuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Insinuating</u>.] [L. <i>insinuatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>insinuare</i>to insinuate; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>sinus</i> the
bosom. See <u>Sinuous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To introduce gently or slowly, as by a
winding or narrow passage, or a gentle, persistent
movement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The water easily <i>insinuates</i> itself into, and
placidly distends, the vessels of vegetables.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To introduce artfully; to infuse gently;
to instill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the art of rhetoric, besides order and clearness,
are for nothing else but to <i>insinuate</i> wrong ideas, move the
passions, and thereby mislead the judgment.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Horace laughs to shame all follies and
<i>insinuates</i> virtue, rather by familiar examples than by the
severity of precepts.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hint; to suggest by remote allusion; --
often used derogatorily; as, did you mean to <i>insinuate</i>
anything?</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To push or work (one's self), as into
favor; to introduce by slow, gentle, or artful means; to ingratiate;
-- used reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>insinuated</i> himself into the very good grace
of the Duke of Buckingham.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To instill; hint; suggest; intimate.</p>

<p><hw>In*sin"u*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To creep, wind, or flow in; to enter gently, slowly, or
imperceptibly, as into crevices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ingratiate one's self; to obtain access
or favor by flattery or cunning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would <i>insinuate</i> with thee but to make thee
sigh.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>insinuate</i>, flatter, bow, and bend my
limbs.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sin"u*a`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Winding,
creeping, or flowing in, quietly or stealthily; suggesting; winning
favor and confidence insensibly.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His address was courteous, and even
<i>insinuating</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sin"u*a`ting*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
insinuation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sin"u*a`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insinuatio</i>: cf. F. <i>insinuation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of insinuating; a
creeping, winding, or flowing in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By a soft <i>insinuation</i> mix'd<BR>
With earth's large mass.</blockquote> <i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of gaining favor, affection, or
influence, by gentle or artful means; -- formerly used in a good
sense, as of friendly influence or interposition.</def>  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I hope through the <i>insinuation</i> of Lord
Scarborough to keep them here till further orders.</blockquote>
<i>Lady Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The art or power of gaining good will by a
prepossessing manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bad a natural <i>insinuation</i> and address which
made him acceptable in the best company.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is insinuated; a hint; a
suggestion or intimation by distant allusion; as, slander may be
conveyed by <i>insinuations</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I scorn your coarse <i>insinuation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hint; intimation; suggestion. See
<u>Innuendo</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 770 !></p>

<p><hw>In*sin"u*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>insinuatif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Stealing on or into the confidence or
affections; having power to gain favor.</def> "Crafty,
<i>insinuative</i>, plausible men."  <i>Bp. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Using insinuations; giving hints;
insinuating; as, <i>insinuative</i> remark.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sin"u*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an
introducer.] <def>One who, or that which, insinuates.</def>  <i>De
Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sin"u*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Insinuative.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sip"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>insipidus</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>sapidus</i> savory, fr. <i>sapere</i> to
taste: cf. F. <i>insipide</i>. See <u>Savor</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in the qualities which affect the
organs of taste; without taste or savor; vapid; tasteless; as,
<i>insipid</i> drink or food.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in spirit, life, or animation;
uninteresting; weak; vapid; flat; dull; heavy; as, an <i>insipid</i>
woman; an <i>insipid</i> composition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flat, <i>insipid</i>, and ridiculous stuff to
him.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But his wit is faint, and his salt, if I may dare to
say so, almost <i>insipid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tasteless; vapid; dull; spiritless; unanimated;
lifeless; flat; stale; pointless; uninteresting.</p>

<p>{ <hw>In`si*pid"i*ty</hw> (?), <hw>In*sip"id*ness</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>insipidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being insipid; vapidity.</def> "Dryden's lines
shine strongly through the <i>insipidity</i> of Tate's."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sip"id*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an insipid
manner; without taste, life, or spirit; flatly.</def>  <i>Locke.
Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sip"i*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insipientia</i>: cf. OF. <i>insipience</i>.] <def>Want of
intelligence; stupidity; folly.</def> [R.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sip"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insipiens</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>sapiens</i> wise.]
<def>Wanting wisdom; stupid; foolish.</def> [R.] <i>Clarendon.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An insipient person.</def> [R.]
<i>Fryth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Insisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Insisting</u>.] [F. <i>insister</i>, L. <i>insistere</i> to set
foot upon, follow, persist; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>sistere</i> to
stand, cause to stand. See <u>Stand</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stand or rest; to find support; -- with
<i>in</i>, <i>on</i>, or <i>upon</i>.</def> [R.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take a stand and refuse to give way; to
hold to something firmly or determinedly; to be persistent, urgent,
or pressing; to persist in demanding; -- followed by <i>on</i>,
<i>upon</i>, or <i>that</i>; as, he <i>insisted</i> on these
conditions; he <i>insisted</i> on going at once; he <i>insists</i>
that he must have money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Insisting</i> on the old prerogative.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Without further <i>insisting</i> on the different
tempers of Juvenal and Horace.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Insist</u>, <u>Persist</u>.  -- <i>Insist</i>
implies some alleged right, as authority or claim. <i>Persist</i> may
be from obstinacy alone, and either with or against rights. We
<i>insist</i> as against others; we <i>persist</i> in what
exclusively relates to ourselves; as, he <i>persisted</i> in that
course; he <i>insisted</i> on his friend's adopting it.  <i>C. J.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sist"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of insisting, or being urgent or pressing; the act of dwelling upon
as of special importance; persistence; urgency.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insistens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>insistere</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Standing or resting on something; as, an
<i>insistent</i> wall.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Insisting; persistent;
persevering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Incumbent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sist"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
insistent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sis"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dwelling or standing on something; fixedness; persistence.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*si"ti*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + L. <i>sitiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>sitire</i> to be thirsty,
fr. <i>sitis</i> thirst.] <def>Freedom from thirst.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>insitiency</i> of a camel for traveling in
deserts.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*si"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insitio</i>, fr. <i>inserere</i>, <i>insitum</i>, to sow or plant
in, to ingraft; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>serere</i>, <i>satum</i>, to
sow.] <def>The insertion of a scion in a stock; ingraftment.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In` si"tu</hw> (?). [L.] <def>In its natural position or
place; -- said of a rock or fossil, when found in the situation in
which it was originally formed or deposited.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*snare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Insnared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Insnaring</u>.] [Written also <i>ensnare</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To catch in a snare; to entrap; to take by
artificial means.</def> "<i>Insnare</i> a gudgeon."
<i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take by wiles, stratagem, or deceit; to
involve in difficulties or perplexities; to seduce by artifice; to
inveigle; to allure; to entangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>insnaring</i> charms<BR>
Of love's soft queen.</blockquote> <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*snar"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
insnares.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*snarl"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make into
a snarl or knot; to entangle; to snarl.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`so*bri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>&?;obriety</i>: cf. F.
<i>insobri&eacute;t&eacute;</i>.] <def>Want of sobriety, moderation,
or calmness; intemperance; drunkenness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*so`cia*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>insociabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being insociable;
want of sociability; unsociability.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*so"cia*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insociabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>insociable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Sociable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being associated, joined, or
connected.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lime and wood are <i>insociable</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not sociable or companionable; disinclined
to social intercourse or conversation; unsociable;
taciturn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This austere <i>insociable</i> life.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*so"cia*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Unsociably.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*so"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
associate; without a companion; single; solitary; recluse.</def>
[Obs.] "The <i>insociate</i> virgin life."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"so*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Insolated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Insolating</u>.] [L. <i>insolatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>insolare</i> to expose to the sun; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>sol</i> the sun.] <def>To dry in, or to expose to, the sun's rays;
to ripen or prepare by such exposure.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`so*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insolatio</i>: cf. F. <i>insolation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process to exposing to the rays
of the sun for the purpose of drying or maturing, as fruits, drugs,
etc., or of rendering acid, as vinegar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
sunstroke.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Exposure of a patient to
the sun's rays; a sun bath.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"sole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The inside sole
of a boot or shoe; also, a loose, thin strip of leather, felt, etc.,
placed inside the shoe for warmth or ease.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"so*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>insolence</i>, L. <i>insolentia</i>. See <u>Insolent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being unusual or
novel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being insolent; pride or
haughtiness manifested in contemptuous and overbearing treatment of
others; arrogant contempt; brutal impudence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flown with <i>insolence</i> and wine.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Insolent conduct or treatment;
insult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Loaded with fetters and <i>insolences</i> from the
soldiers.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"so*lence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
insult.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"so*len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Insolence.</def> [R.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"so*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>insolent</i>,
L. <i>insolens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, pref. <i>in-</i> not +
<i>solens</i> accustomed, p. pr. of <i>solere</i> to be
accustomed.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deviating from that which is customary;
novel; strange; unusual.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If one chance to derive any word from the Latin which
is <i>insolent</i> to their ears . . . they forthwith make a jest at
it.</blockquote> <i>Pettie.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If any should accuse me of being new or
<i>insolent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Haughty and contemptuous or brutal in
behavior or language; overbearing; domineering; grossly rude or
disrespectful; saucy; as, an <i>insolent</i> master; an
<i>insolent</i> servant.</def> "A paltry, <i>insolent</i> fellow."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Insolent</i> is he that despiseth in his judgment
all other folks as in regard of his value, of his cunning, of his
speaking, and of his bearing.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can you not see? or will ye not observe . . . <BR>
How <i>insolent</i> of late he is become,<BR>
How proud, how peremptory?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from or characterized by
insolence; insulting; as, <i>insolent</i> words or
behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>insolent</i> triumph excited . . .
indignation.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Overbearing; insulting; abusive; offensive; saucy;
impudent; audacious; pert; impertinent; rude; reproachful;
opprobrious.  -- <u>Insolent</u>, <u>Insulting</u>. <i>Insolent</i>,
in its primitive sense, simply denoted <i>unusual</i>; and to act
<i>insolently</i> was to act in violation of the established rules of
social intercourse. He who did this was <i>insolent</i>; and thus the
word became one of the most offensive in our language, indicating
gross disregard for the feelings of others. <i>Insulting</i> denotes
a personal attack, either in words or actions, indicative either of
scorn or triumph. Compare <u>Impertinent</u>, <u>Affront</u>,
<u>Impudence</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In"so*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an insolent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`so*lid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>solidity</i>: cf. F. <i>insolidit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Want of solidity; weakness; as, the <i>insolidity</i> of an
argument.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sol`u*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insolubilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>insolubilit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being insoluble or
not dissolvable, as in a fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being inexplicable or
insolvable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sol"u*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insolubilis</i> indissoluble, that can not be loosed: cf. F.
<i>insoluble</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Soluble</u>, and cf.
<u>Insolvable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not soluble; in capable or difficult of
being dissolved, as by a liquid; as, chalk is <i>insoluble</i> in
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not to be solved or explained; insolvable;
as, an <i>insoluble</i> doubt, question, or difficulty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Strong.</def> "An <i>insoluble</i> wall."
[Obs.]  <i>Holland</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sol"u*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being insoluble; insolubility.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*solv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not solvable; insoluble; admitting no
solution or explanation; as, an <i>insolvable</i> problem or
difficulty.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being paid or discharged, as
debts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not capable of being loosed or
disentangled; inextricable.</def> "Bands <i>insolvable</i>."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sol"ven*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Insolvencies</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The condition of being insolvent; the state
or condition of a person who is insolvent; the condition of one who
is unable to pay his debts as they fall due, or in the usual course
of trade and business; as, a merchant's <i>insolvency</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Insufficiency to discharge all debts of the
owner; as, the <i>insolvency</i> of an estate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Act of insolvency</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Insolvent law</i>
under <u>Insolvent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>In*sol"vent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>solvent</i>: cf. OF. <i>insolvent</i>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not solvent; not having sufficient estate to
pay one's debts; unable to pay one's debts as they fall due, in the
ordinary course of trade and business; as, in <i>insolvent</i>
debtor.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not sufficient to pay all the
debts of the owner; as, an <i>insolvent</i> estate.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Relating to persons unable to pay their
debts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Insolvent law</b></col>, or <col><b>Act of
insolvency</b></col>, <cd>a law affording relief, -- subject to
various modifications in different States, -- to insolvent debtors,
upon their delivering up their property for the benefit of their
creditors. See <i>Bankrupt law</i>, under <u>Bankrupt</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>In*sol"vent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One
who is insolvent; as insolvent debtor; -- in England, before 1861,
especially applied to persons not traders.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*som"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>insomnis</i> sleepless; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>somnus</i>
sleep.] <def>Want of sleep; inability to sleep; wakefulness;
sleeplessness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*som"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insomniosus</i>, fr. <i>insomnia</i> insomnia.] <def>Restless;
sleepless.</def>  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*som"no*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sleeplessness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`so*much"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So; to such
a degree; in such wise; -- followed by <i>that</i> or <i>as</i>, and
formerly sometimes by both.  Cf. <u>Inasmuch</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Insomusch</i> as that field is called . . .
Aceldama.</blockquote> <i>Acts i. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Simonides was an excellent poet, <i>insomuch</i> that
he made his fortune by it.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`so*no"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not clear or
melodious.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sooth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In sooth;
truly.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>||In`sou`ciance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Carelessness; heedlessness; thoughtlessness;
unconcern.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`sou`ciant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Careless; heedless; indifferent; unconcerned.</def>  <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*soul"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set a soul
in; reflexively, to fix one's strongest affections on.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] could not but <i>insoul</i> himself in
her.</blockquote> <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*span"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [D.
<i>inspannen</i>.] <def>To yoke or harness, as oxen to a
vehicle.</def> [South Africa]
</p>

<p><hw>In*spect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inspected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inspecting</u>.] [L. <i>inspectus</i>, p. p. of <i>inspicere</i>
to inspect; pref. <i>in-</i> in  + <i>specere</i> to look at, to
view: cf. F. <i>inspecter</i>, fr. L. <i>inspectare</i>, freq. fr.
<i>inspicere</i>. See <u>Spy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To look upon; to view closely and
critically, esp. in order to ascertain quality or condition, to
detect errors, etc., to examine; to scrutinize; to investigate; as,
to <i>inspect</i> conduct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To view and examine officially, as troops,
arms, goods offered, work done for the public, etc.; to oversee; to
superintend.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*spect"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>inspectus</i>. See
<u>Inspect</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Inspection.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*spec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inspectio</i>: cf. F. <i>inspection</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of inspecting or looking at carefully; a
strict or prying examination; close or careful scrutiny;
investigation.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With narrow search, and with <i>inspection</i>
deep,<BR>
Considered every creature.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of overseeing; official
examination or superintendence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trial by inspection</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a
mode of trial in which the case was settled by the individual
observation and decision of the judge upon the testimony of his own
senses, without the intervention of a jury.</cd>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*spect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inspectivus</i>.] <def>Engaged in inspection; inspecting;
involving inspection.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*spect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>inspecteur</i>.] <def>One who inspects, views, or oversees; one to
whom the supervision of any work is committed; one who makes an
official view or examination, as a military or civil officer; a
superintendent; a supervisor; an overseer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inspector general</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a staff
officer of an army, whose duties are those of inspection, and embrace
everything relative to organization, recruiting, discharge,
administration, accountability for money and property, instruction,
police, and discipline.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*spect"or*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inspectorship.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`spec*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an inspector or to inspection.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*spect"or*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office of an inspector.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The district embraced by an inspector's
jurisdiction.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*spect"ress</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
inspector.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sperse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inspersus</i>, p. p. of <i>inspergere</i> to sprinkle upon; pref.
<i>in-</i> in, on + <i>spargere</i> to sprinkle.] <def>To sprinkle;
to scatter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sper"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inspersio</i>.] <def>The act of sprinkling.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In*spex"i*mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., we have
inspected.] <def>The first word of ancient charters in England,
confirming a grant made by a former king; hence, a royal
grant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sphere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Insphered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Insphering</u>.] [Cf. <u>Ensphere</u>.] <def>To place
in, or as in, an orb a sphere.  Cf. <u>Ensphere</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bright a&euml;rial spirits live <i>insphered</i><BR>
In regions mild of calm and serene air.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*spir"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being inspired or drawn into the lungs; inhalable; respirable;
admitting inspiration.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`spi*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>inspiration</i>, L. <i>inspiratio</i>. See <u>Inspire</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inspiring or breathing in;
breath; specif. <i>(Physiol.)</i>, the drawing of air into the lungs,
accomplished in mammals by elevation of the chest walls and
flattening of the diaphragm; -- the opposite of
<i>expiration</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or power of exercising an
elevating or stimulating influence upon the intellect or emotions;
the result of such influence which quickens or stimulates; as, the
<i>inspiration</i> of occasion, of art, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your father was ever virtuous, and holy men at their
death have good <i>inspirations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A supernatural divine
influence on the prophets, apostles, or sacred writers, by which they
were qualified to communicate moral or religious truth with
authority; a supernatural influence which qualifies men to receive
and communicate divine truth; also, the truth communicated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All Scripture is given by <i>inspiration</i> of
God.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim. iii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The age which we now live in is not an age of
<i>inspiration</i> and impulses.</blockquote> <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Plenary inspiration</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>that
kind of inspiration which excludes all defect in the utterance of the
inspired message.</cd> -- <col><b>Verbal inspiration</b></col>
<i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>that kind of inspiration which extends to the
very words and forms of expression of the divine message.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`spi*ra"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to inspiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`spi*ra"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
holds to inspiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"spi*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>A kind of injector for forcing water by steam. See
<u>Injector</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*spir"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or aiding, inspiration; as, the <i>inspiratory</i>
muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*spire"</hw> (&ibreve;n*sp&imacr;r"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>enspiren</i>, OF. <i>enspirer</i>,
<i>inspirer</i>, F. <i>inspirer</i>, fr. L. <i>inspirare</i>; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>spirare</i> to breathe. See <u>Spirit</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To breathe into; to fill with the breath;
to animate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Zephirus eek, with his sweete breath,<BR>
<i>Inspir&egrave;d</i> hath in every holt and heath<BR>
The tender crops.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Descend, ye Nine, descend and sing,<BR>
The breathing instruments <i>inspire</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To infuse by breathing, or as if by
breathing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He knew not his Maker, and him that <i>inspired</i>
into him an active soul.</blockquote> <i>Wisdom xv. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw in by the operation of breathing;
to inhale; -- opposed to <i>expire</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forced to <i>inspire</i> and expire the air with
difficulty.</blockquote> <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><! p. 771 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To infuse into the mind; to communicate to
the spirit; to convey, as by a divine or supernatural influence; to
disclose preternaturally; to produce in, as by inspiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And generous stout courage did
<i>inspire</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But dawning day new comfort hath
<i>inspired</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To infuse into; to affect, as with a
superior or supernatural influence; to fill with what animates,
enlivens, or exalts; to communicate inspiration to; as, to
<i>inspire</i> a child with sentiments of virtue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Erato, thy poet's mind <i>inspire</i>,<BR>
And fill his soul with thy celestial fire.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*spire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inspired</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inspiring</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw in breath; to inhale air into the
lungs; -- opposed to <i>expire</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To breathe; to blow gently.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And when the wind amongst them did <i>inspire</i>,<BR>
They wav&egrave;d like a penon wide dispread.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*spired"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Breathed in; inhaled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moved or animated by, or as by, a
supernatural influence; affected by divine inspiration; as, the
<i>inspired</i> prophets; the <i>inspired</i> writers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Communicated or given as by supernatural
or divine inspiration; having divine authority; hence, sacred, holy;
-- opposed to <i>uninspired</i>, <i>profane</i>, or <i>secular</i>;
as, the <i>inspired</i> writings, that is, the Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*spir"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, inspires.</def> "<i>Inspirer</i> of that holy flame."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*spir"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Animating;
cheering; moving; exhilarating; as, an <i>inspiring</i> or
scene.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*spir"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inspirited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inspiriting</u>.] <def>To infuse new life or spirit into; to
animate; to encourage; to invigorate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The courage of Agamemnon is <i>inspirited</i> by the
love of empire and ambition.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To enliven; invigorate; exhilarate; animate; cheer;
encourage; inspire.</p>

<p><hw>In*spis"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inspissated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inspissating</u> (?).] [L. <i>inspissatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>inspissare</i> to thicken; pref. <i>in-</i> + <i>spissare</i>
to thicken, fr. <i>spissus</i> thick.] <def>To thicken or bring to
greater consistence, as fluids by evaporation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*spis"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inspissatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Thick or thickened;
inspissated.</def>  <i>Greenhill.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`spis*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
the process of inspissating, or thickening a fluid substance, as by
evaporation; also, the state of being so thickened.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Instabilities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>instabilitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>instabilit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or condition of being
unstable; want of stability, firmness, or steadiness; liability to
give way or to fail; insecurity; precariousness; as, the
<i>instability</i> of a building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lack of determination of fixedness;
inconstancy; fickleness; mutability; changeableness; as,
<i>instability</i> of character, temper, custom, etc.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inconstancy; fickleness; changeableness; wavering;
unsteadiness; unstableness.</p>

<p><hw>In*sta"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>instabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>instable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Stable</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Unstable</u>.]
<def>Not stable; not standing fast or firm; unstable; prone to change
or recede from a purpose; mutable; inconstant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sta"ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Instability;
unstableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*stall"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Installed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Installing</u>.] [F. <i>installer</i>, LL. <i>installare</i>, fr.
pref. <i>in-</i> in + OHG. <i>stal</i> a place, stall, G.
<i>stall</i>, akin to E. <i>stall</i>: cf. It. <i>installare</i>. See
<u>Stall</u>.] [Written also <i>instal</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set in a seat; to give a place to;
establish (one) in a place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>installed</i> her guest hospitably by the
fireside.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place in an office, rank, or order; to
invest with any charge by the usual ceremonies; to instate; to
induct; as, to <i>install</i> an ordained minister as pastor of a
church; to <i>install</i> a college president.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unworthily<BR>
Thou wast <i>installed</i> in that high degree.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`stal*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>installation</i>, LL. <i>installatio</i>: cf. It.
<i>installazione</i>. See <u>Install</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of installing or giving possession
of an office, rank, or order, with the usual rites or ceremonies; as,
the <i>installation</i> of an ordained minister in a
parish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the election, the bishop gives a mandate for his
<i>installation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The whole of a system of
machines, apparatus, and accessories, when set up and arranged for
practical working, as in electric lighting, transmission of power,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*stall"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>instalment</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of installing;
installation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take oaths from all kings and magistrates at their
<i>installment</i>, to do impartial justice by law.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The seat in which one is placed.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The several chairs of order, look, you scour; . . .
<BR>
Each fair <i>installment</i>, coat, and several crest<BR>
With loyal blazon, evermore be blest.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A portion of a debt, or sum of money,
which is divided into portions that are made payable at different
times. Payment by <i>installment</i> is payment by parts at different
times, the amounts and times being often definitely stipulated.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*stamp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Enstamp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"stance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>instance</i>,
L. <i>instantia</i>, fr. <i>instans</i>. See <u>Instant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or quality of being instant or
pressing; urgency; solicitation; application; suggestion;
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Undertook at her <i>instance</i> to restore
them.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is instant or urgent;
motive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>instances</i> that second marriage move<BR>
Are base respects of thrift, but none of love.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Occasion; order of occurrence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These seem as if, in the time of Edward I., they were
drawn up into the form of a law, in the first
<i>instance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which offers itself or is offered as
an illustrative case; something cited in proof or exemplification; a
case occurring; an example.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most remarkable <i>instances</i> of
suffering.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A token; a sign; a symptom or
indication.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Causes of instance</b></col>, <cd>those which proceed at
the solicitation of some party.</cd> <i>Hallifax.</i> --
<col><b>Court of first instance</b></col>, <cd>the court by which a
case is first tried.</cd> -- <col><b>For instance</b></col>, <cd>by
way of example or illustration.</cd> -- <col><b>Instance
Court</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the Court of Admiralty acting
within its ordinary jurisdiction, as distinguished from its action as
a <i>prize court</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Example; case. See <u>Example</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In"stance</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Instanced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Instancing</u> (?).] <def>To mention as a case or example; to
refer to; to cite; as, to <i>instance</i> a fact.</def>  <i>H.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall not <i>instance</i> an abstruse
author.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"stance</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give an
example.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This story doth not only <i>instance</i> in kingdoms,
but in families too.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"stan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Instance;
urgency.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those heavenly precepts which our Lord and Savior with
so great <i>instancy</i> gave.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"stant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>instans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>instare</i> to stand upon, to press upon;
pref. <i>in-</i> in, on + <i>stare</i> to stand: cf. F.
<i>instant</i>. See <u>Stand</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pressing; urgent; importunate;
earnest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rejoicing in hope; patient in tribulation; continuing
<i>instant</i> in prayer.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xii. 12.
</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am beginning to be very <i>instant</i> for some sort
of occupation.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Closely pressing or impending in respect
to time; not deferred; immediate; without delay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Impending death is thine, and <i>instant</i>
doom.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Present; current.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>instant</i> time is always the fittest
time.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The word in this sense is now used only in dates, to
indicate the current month; as, the tenth of July <i>instant</i>.</p>

<p><hw>In"stant</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Instantly.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Instant</i> he flew with hospitable
haste.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"stant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>instant</i>, fr. L.
<i>instans</i> standing by, being near, present. See <u>Instant</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A point in duration; a moment; a portion
of time too short to be estimated; also, any particular
moment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is scarce an <i>instant</i> between their
flourishing and their not being.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A day of the present or current month; as,
the sixth <i>instant</i>; -- an elliptical expression equivalent to
the sixth of the month <i>instant</i>, i. e., the current month. See
<u>Instant</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Moment; flash; second.</p>

<p><hw>In*stan`ta*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>instantan&eacute;it&eacute;</i>.] <def>Quality of being
instantaneous.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`stan*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>instantan&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Done or occurring in an instant, or
without any perceptible duration of time; as, the passage of
electricity appears to be <i>instantaneous</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His reason saw<BR>
With <i>instantaneous</i> view, the truth of things.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At or during a given instant; as,
<i>instantaneous</i> acceleration, velocity, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Instantaneous center of rotation</b></col>
<i>(Kinematics)</i>, <cd>in a plane or in a plane figure which has
motions both of translation and of rotation in the plane, is the
point which for the instant is at rest.</cd> -- <col><b>Instantaneous
axis of rotation</b></col> <i>(Kinematics)</i>, <cd>in a body which
has motions both of translation and rotation, is a line, which is
supposed to be rigidly united with the body, and which for the
instant is at rest. The motion of the body is for the instant simply
that of rotation about the instantaneous axis.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`stan*ta"ne*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`stan*ta"ne*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||In*stan"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L.,
vehemently, earnestly. See <u>Instant</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Immediately; instantly; at once; as, he
left <i>instanter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"stant*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without the least delay or interval; at once;
immediately.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With urgency or importunity; earnestly;
pressingly.</def> "They besought him <i>instantly</i>."  <i>Luke vii.
4.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Directly; immediately; at once. See
<u>Directly</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*star"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stud as
with stars.</def> [R.] "A golden throne <i>instarred</i> with gems."
<i>J. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*state"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Instated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Instating</u>.] <def>To set, place, or establish, as in a rank,
office, or condition; to install; to invest; as, to <i>instate</i> a
person in greatness or in favor.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*stau"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Instaurated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Instaurating</u> (?).] [L. <i>instauratus</i>, p. p.
of <i>instaurare</i> to renew. See 1st <u>In-</u>, and <u>Store</u>.]
<def>To renew or renovate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`stau*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>instauratio</i>: cf. F. <i>instauration</i>.] <def>Restoration
after decay, lapse, or dilapidation; renewal; repair; renovation;
renaissance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some great catastrophe or . . .
<i>instauration</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"stau*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>instaurateur</i>.] <def>One who renews or restores to a former
condition.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*staure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Instaurate</u>.] <def>To renew or renovate; to instaurate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*stead"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> +
<i>stead</i> place.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the place or room; -- usually followed
by <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let thistles grow of wheat.</blockquote> <i>Job xxxi.
40.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Absalom made Amasa captain of the host <i>instead</i>
of Joab.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xvii. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Equivalent; equal to; -- usually with
<i>of</i>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This very consideration to a wise man is
<i>instead</i> of a thousand arguments, to satisfy him, that in those
times no such thing was believed.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*steep"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Insteeped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Insteeping</u>.] <def>To steep or soak; to drench.</def> [R.] "In
gore he lay <i>insteeped</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"step</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly also
<i>instop</i>, <i>instup</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The arched middle portion of the human
foot next in front of the ankle joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of the hind leg of the horse and
allied animals, between the hock, or ham, and the pastern
joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"sti*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Instigated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Instigating</u> (?).] [L. <i>instigatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>instigare</i> to instigate; pref. <i>in-</i> in + a root akin to
G. <i>stechen</i> to prick, E. <i>stick</i>. See <u>Stick</u>.]
<def>To goad or urge forward; to set on; to provoke; to incite; --
used chiefly with reference to evil actions; as, to <i>instigate</i>
one to a crime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath only <i>instigated</i> his blackest agents to
the very extent of their malignity.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To stimulate; urge; spur; provoke; tempt; incite;
impel; encourage; animate.</p>

<p><hw>In"sti*ga`ting*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Incitingly; temptingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sti*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>instigatio</i>: cf. F. <i>instigation</i>.] <def>The act of
instigating, or the state of being instigated; incitement; esp. to
evil or wickedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The baseness and villainy that . . . the
<i>instigation</i> of the devil could bring the sons of men
to.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"sti*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>instigateur</i>.] <def>One who instigates or incites.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*still"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Instilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Instilling</u>.] [L. <i>instillare</i>, <i>instillatum</i>; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>stillare</i> to drop, fr. <i>stilla</i> a drop:
cf. F. <i>instiller</i>. See <u>Distill</u>.] [Written also
<i>instil</i>.] <def>To drop in; to pour in drop by drop; hence, to
impart gradually; to infuse slowly; to cause to be imbibed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That starlight dews<BR>
All silently their tears of love <i>instill</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How hast thou <i>instilled</i><BR>
Thy malice into thousands.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To infuse; impart; inspire; implant; inculcate;
insinuate.</p>

<p><hw>In`stil*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>instillatio</i>: cf. F. <i>instillation</i>.] <def>The act of
instilling; also, that which is instilled.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"stil*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
instiller.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*stil"la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging
to instillation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*still"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
instills.</def>  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*still"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
instilling; also, that which is instilled.</def> [Written also
<i>instilment</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>In*stim"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>stimulate</i>.] <def>Not to stimulate; to soothe; to
quiet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*stim"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>instimulatus</i>, p. p. <i>instimulare</i> to stimulate. See 1st
<u>In-</u>, and <u>Stimulate</u>.] <def>To stimulate; to
excite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*stim`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Stimulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*stinct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>instinctus</i>, p. p. of <i>instinguere</i> to instigate, incite;
cf. <i>instigare</i> to instigate.  Cf. <u>Instigate</u>,
<u>Distinguish</u>.] <def>Urged or stimulated from within; naturally
moved or impelled; imbued; animated; alive; quick; as, birds
<i>instinct</i> with life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The chariot of paternal deity . . . <BR>
Itself <i>instinct</i> with spirit, but convoyed<BR>
By four cherubic shapes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A noble performance, <i>instinct</i> with sound
principle.</blockquote> <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"stinct</hw> (&ibreve;n"st&ibreve;&nsm;kt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>instinctus</i> instigation, impulse, fr.
<i>instinguere</i> to instigate: cf. F. <i>instinct</i>. See
<u>Instinct</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Natural inward impulse; unconscious,
involuntary, or unreasoning prompting to any mode of action, whether
bodily, or mental, without a distinct apprehension of the end or
object to be accomplished.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>instinct</i> is a propensity prior to
experience, and independent of instructions.</blockquote>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>instinct</i> is a blind tendency to some mode of
action, independent of any consideration, on the part of the agent,
of the end to which the action leads.</blockquote>
<i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>instinct</i> is an agent which performs blindly
and ignorantly a work of intelligence and knowledge.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By a divine <i>instinct</i>, men's minds mistrust<BR>
Ensuing dangers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Specif., the natural,
unreasoning, impulse by which an animal is guided to the performance
of any action, without thought of improvement in the
method.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The resemblance between what originally was a habit,
and an <i>instinct</i> becomes so close as not to be
distinguished.</blockquote> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A natural aptitude or knack; a
predilection; as, an <i>instinct</i> for order; to be modest by
<i>instinct</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*stinct"</hw> (&ibreve;n*st&ibreve;&nsm;kt"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To impress, as an animating power, or
instinct.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*stinc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Instinct;
incitement; inspiration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*stinc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>instinctif</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to instinct; derived from,
or prompted by, instinct; of the nature of instinct; determined by
natural impulse or propensity; acting or produced without reasoning,
deliberation, instruction, or experience; spontaneous.</def>
"<i>Instinctive</i> motion." <i>Milton.</i> "<i>Instinctive</i>
dread."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With taste <i>instinctive</i> give<BR>
Each grace appropriate.</blockquote> <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Have we had <i>instinctive</i> intimations of the
death of some absent friends?</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The terms <i>instinctive belief</i>, <i>instinctive
judgment</i>, <i>instinctive cognition</i>, are expressions not ill
adapted to characterize a belief, judgment, or cognition, which, as
the result of no anterior consciousness, is, like the products of
animal instinct, the intelligent effect of (as far as we are
concerned) an unknown cause.  <i>Sir H. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Natural; voluntary; spontaneous; original; innate;
inherent; automatic.</p>

<p><hw>In*stinc"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
instinctive manner; by force of instinct; by natural
impulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`stinc*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being instinctive, or prompted by instinct.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*stip"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Exstipulate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"sti*tute</hw> (&ibreve;n"st&ibreve;*t&umacr;t), <pos><i>p.
a.</i></pos> [L. <i>institutus</i>, p. p. of <i>instituere</i> to
place in, to institute, to instruct; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>statuere</i> to cause to stand, to set. See <u>Statute</u>.]
<def>Established; organized; founded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They have but few laws. For to a people so instruct
and <i>institute</i>, very few to suffice.</blockquote> <i>Robynson
(More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><! p. 772 !></p>

<p><hw>In"sti*tute</hw> (&ibreve;n"st&ibreve;*t&umacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Instituted</u> (-
t&umacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Instituting</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set up; to establish; to ordain; as, to
<i>institute</i> laws, rules, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To originate and establish; to found; to
organize; as, to <i>institute</i> a court, or a society.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whenever any from of government becomes destructive of
these ends it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it,
and to <i>institute</i> a new government.</blockquote> <i>Jefferson
(Decl. of Indep. ).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To nominate; to appoint.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>institute</i> your Grace<BR>
To be our regent in these parts of France.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To begin; to commence; to set on foot; as,
to <i>institute</i> an inquiry; to <i>institute</i> a suit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And haply <i>institute</i><BR>
A course of learning and ingenious studies.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To ground or establish in principles and
rudiments; to educate; to instruct.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If children were early <i>instituted</i>, knowledge
would insensibly insinuate itself.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <def>To invest with the
spiritual charge of a benefice, or the care of souls.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To originate; begin; commence; establish; found;
erect; organize; appoint; ordain.</p>

<p><hw>In"sti*tute</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>institutum</i>:
cf. F. <i>institut</i>. See <u>Institute</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
& <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of instituting; institution.</def>
[Obs.] "Water sanctified by Christ's <i>institute</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is instituted, established, or
fixed, as a law, habit, or custom.</def>  <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: An elementary and necessary
principle; a precept, maxim, or rule, recognized as established and
authoritative; usually in the plural, a collection of such principles
and precepts; esp., a comprehensive summary of legal principles and
decisions; as, the <i>Institutes</i> of Justinian; Coke's
<i>Institutes</i> of the Laws of England.  Cf. <u>Digest</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>They made a sort of <i>institute</i> and digest of
anarchy.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To make the Stoics' <i>institutes</i> thy
own.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An institution; a society established for
the promotion of learning, art, science, etc.; a college; as, the
<i>Institute</i> of Technology; also, a building owned or occupied by
such an institute; as, the Cooper <i>Institute</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The person to whom an
estate is first given by destination or limitation.</def>
<i>Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Institutes of medicine</b></col>, <cd>theoretical
medicine; that department of medical science which attempts to
account philosophically for the various phenomena of health as well
as of disease; physiology applied to the practice of medicine.</cd>
<i>Dunglison.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>In"sti*tu`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
institutor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`sti*tu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>institutio</i>: cf. F. <i>institution</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of instituting; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Establishment; foundation; enactment; as, the
<i>institution</i> of a school.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>institution</i> of God's law is described as
being established by solemn injunction.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Instruction; education.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bentley.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <def>The act
or ceremony of investing a clergyman with the spiritual part of a
benefice, by which the care of souls is committed to his
charge.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which instituted or
established</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Established order,
method, or custom; enactment; ordinance; permanent form of law or
polity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nature of our people,<BR>
Our city's <i>institutions</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An established or organized society or
corporation; an establishment, especially of a public character, or
affecting a community; a foundation; as, a literary
<i>institution</i>; a charitable <i>institution</i>; also, a building
or the buildings occupied or used by such organization; as, the
Smithsonian <i>Institution</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Anything forming a characteristic and persistent feature in
social or national life or habits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We ordered a lunch (the most delightful of English
<i>institutions</i>, next to dinner) to be ready against our
return.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which institutes or instructs; a
textbook; a system of elements or rules; an institute.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is another manuscript, of above three hundred
years old, . . . being an <i>institution</i> of physic.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`sti*tu"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or treating of, institutions;
as, <i>institutional</i> legends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Institutional</i> writers as Rousseau.</blockquote>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Instituted by authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Elementary; rudimental.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sti*tu"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to an institution, or
institutions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing the first principles or
doctrines; elemental; rudimentary.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"sti*tu`tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer or
compiler of, or a commentator on, institutes.</def> [R.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"sti*tu`tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending or intended to institute; having the
power to establish.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Established; depending on, or
characterized by, institution or order.</def> "<i>Institutive</i>
decency."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"sti*tu`tive*ly</hw> <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
conformity with an institution.</def>  <i>Harrington.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"sti*tu`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>instituteur</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who institutes, founds, ordains, or
establishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who educates; an instructor.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Walker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Episcopal Church)</i> <def>A presbyter
appointed by the bishop to institute a rector or assistant minister
over a parish church.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*stop"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stop; to
close; to make fast; as, to <i>instop</i> the seams.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*store"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Instaurate</u>, <u>Store</u>.] <def>To store up; to inclose; to
contain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*strat"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Interstratified.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*struct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>instructus</i>, p. p. of <i>instruere</i> to furnish, provide,
construct, instruct; pref. <i>in-</i> in, on + <i>struere</i>. See
<u>Structure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Arranged; furnished;
provided.</def> [Obs.] "He had neither ship <i>instruct</i> with
oars, nor men."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Instructed; taught; enlightened.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*struct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Instructed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Instructing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put in order; to form; to
prepare.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They speak to the merits of a cause, after the proctor
has prepared and <i>instructed</i> the same for a
hearing.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form by communication of knowledge; to
inform the mind of; to impart knowledge or information to; to
enlighten; to teach; to discipline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Schoolmasters will I keep within my house,<BR>
Fit to <i>instruct</i> her youth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with directions; to advise; to
direct; to command; as, the judge <i>instructs</i> the
jury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She, being before <i>instructed</i> of her mother,
said, Give me here John Baptist's head in a charger.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xiv. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Take her in; <i>instruct</i> her what she has to
do.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To teach; educate; inform; train; discipline;
indoctrinate; direct; enjoin.</p>

<p><hw>In*struct"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Instructor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*struct"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being instructed; teachable; docible.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*struc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>instructio</i>: cf. F. <i>instruction</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of instructing, teaching, or
furnishing with knowledge; information.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which instructs, or with which one is
instructed; the intelligence or information imparted</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Precept; information; teachings.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Direction; order; command.</def> "If my
<i>instructions</i> may be your guide."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Education; teaching; indoctrination; information;
advice; counsel. See <u>Education</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*struc"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or promoting, instruction; educational.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*struct"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>instructif</i>.] <def>Conveying knowledge; serving to instruct or
inform; as, experience furnishes very <i>instructive</i>
lessons.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In various talk the <i>instructive</i> hours they
past.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*struct"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*struct"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The pregnant <i>instructiveness</i> of the
Scripture.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*struct"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a preparer:
cf. F. <i>instructeur</i>.] [Written also <i>instructer</i>.]
<def>One who instructs; one who imparts knowledge to another; a
teacher.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*struct"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
instructs; a preceptress; a governess.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"stru*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>instrument</i>, L. <i>instrumentum</i>. See <u>Instruct</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That by means of which any work is
performed, or result is effected; a tool; a utensil; an implement;
as, the <i>instruments</i> of a mechanic; astronomical
<i>instruments</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the lofty <i>instruments</i> of war.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance or implement, by which
musical sounds are produced; as, a musical
<i>instrument</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Praise him with stringed <i>instruments</i> and
organs.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cl. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But signs when songs and <i>instruments</i> he
hears.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writing, as the means of
giving formal expression to some act; a writing expressive of some
act, contract, process, as a deed, contract, writ, etc.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, is made a means,
or is caused to serve a purpose; a medium, means, or agent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or useful serving man and <i>instrument</i>,<BR>
To any sovereign state.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bold are but the <i>instruments</i> of the
wise.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tool; implement; utensil; machine; apparatus;
channel; agent.</p>

<p><hw>In"stru*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To perform
upon an instrument; to prepare for an instrument; as, a sonata
<i>instrumented</i> for orchestra.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`stru*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>instrumental</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Acting as an instrument; serving as a
means; contributing to promote; conductive; helpful; serviceable; as,
he was <i>instrumental</i> in conducting the business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The head is not more native to the heart,<BR>
The hand more <i>instrumental</i> to the mouth.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, made by, or
prepared for, an instrument, esp. a musical instrument; as,
<i>instrumental</i> music, distinguished from <i>vocal</i>
music.</def> "He defended the use of <i>instrumental</i> music in
public worship."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet voices mix'd with <i>instrumental</i>
sounds.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Applied to a case
expressing means or agency; as, the <i>instrumental</i> case. This is
found in Sanskrit as a separate case, but in Greek it was merged into
the dative, and in Latin into the ablative. In Old English it was a
separate case, but has disappeared, leaving only a few anomalous
forms.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Instrumental errors</b></col>, <cd>those errors in
instrumental measurements, etc., which arise, exclusively from want
of mathematical accuracy in an instrument.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`stru*men"tal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
plays upon an instrument of music, as distinguished from a
<i>vocalist</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`stru*men*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Instrumentalities</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The
quality or condition of being instrumental; that which is
instrumental; anything used as a means; medium; agency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>instrumentality</i> of faith in
justification.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The discovery of gunpowder developed the science of
attack and defense in a new <i>instrumentality</i>.</blockquote>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`stru*men"tal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>By means of an instrument or agency; as means
to an end.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They will argue that the end being essentially
beneficial, the means become <i>instrumentally</i> so.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With instruments of music; as, a song
<i>instrumentally</i> accompanied.</def>  <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`stru*men"tal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Usefulness or agency, as means to an end; instrumentality.</def>
[R.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`stru*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Instrumental.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`stru*men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of using or adapting as an
instrument; a series or combination of instruments; means;
agency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Otherwise we have no sufficient <i>instrumentation</i>
for our human use or handling of so great a fact.</blockquote> <i>H.
Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
arrangement of a musical composition for performance by a number of
different instruments; orchestration; instrumental composition;
composition for an orchestra or military band.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act or manner of playing upon musical
instruments; performance; as, his <i>instrumentation</i> is
perfect.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"stru*men`tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
performer on a musical instrument; an instrumentalist.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*style"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
style.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*suav"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insuavitas</i>: cf. F. <i>insuavit&eacute;</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Suavity</u>.] <def>Want of suavity; unpleasantness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`sub*jec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
subjection or obedience; a state of disobedience, as to
government.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sub*mer"gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
capable of being submerged; buoyant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`sub*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
submission; disobedience; noncompliance.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sub*or"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
submitting to authority; disobedient; rebellious; mutinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sub*or`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>insubordination</i>.] <def>The quality of being insubordinate;
disobedience to lawful authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sub*stan"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unsubstantial; not real or strong.</def> "<i>Insubstantial</i>
pageant." [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`sub*stan`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unsubstantiality; unreality.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`suc*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insucare</i>, <i>insucatum</i>, to soak in; pref. <i>in-</i> +
<i>succus</i>, <i>sucus</i>, sap.] <def>The act of soaking or
moistening; maceration; solution in the juice of herbs.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The medicating and <i>insuccation</i> of
seeds.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`suc*cess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
success.</def> [R.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ensue</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>In"sue*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insuetudo</i>, from <i>insuetus</i> unaccustomed; pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>suetus</i>, p. p. of <i>suescere</i> to be accustomed.]
<def>The state or quality of being unaccustomed; absence of use or
habit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Absurdities are great or small in proportion to custom
or <i>insuetude</i>.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*suf"fer*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being suffered, borne, or
endured; insupportable; unendurable; intolerable; as,
<i>insufferable</i> heat, cold, or pain; <i>insufferable</i>
wrongs.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Offensive beyond endurance;
detestable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A multitude of scribblers who daily pester the world
with their <i>insufferable</i> stuff.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*suf"fer*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner
or to a degree beyond endurance; intolerably; as, a blaze
<i>insufferably</i> bright; a person <i>insufferably</i>
proud.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`suf*fi"cience</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Insufficiency.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`suf*fi"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insufficientia</i>: cf. F. <i>insuffisance</i>, whence OE.
<i>insuffisance</i>. See <u>Insufficient</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
insufficient; want of sufficiency; deficiency; inadequateness; as,
the <i>insufficiency</i> of provisions, of an excuse, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>insufficiency</i> of the light of nature is, by
the light of Scripture, . . . fully supplied.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of power or skill; inability;
incapacity; incompetency; as, the <i>insufficiency</i> of a man for
an office.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`suf*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insufficiens</i>, <i>-entis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Sufficient</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not sufficient; not enough; inadequate to
any need, use, or purpose; as, the provisions are <i>insufficient</i>
in quantity, and defective in quality.</def> "<i>Insufficient</i> for
His praise."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in strength, power, ability,
capacity, or skill; incompetent; incapable; unfit; as, a person
<i>insufficient</i> to discharge the duties of an office.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inadequate; scanty; incommensurate; unequal; unfit;
incompetent; incapable; inefficient.</p>

<p><hw>In`suf*fi"cient*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
insufficient manner or degree; unadequately.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`suf*fla"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insuffatio</i>: cf. F. <i>insuffation</i>. See <u>In-</u> in, and
<u>Sufflation</u>.] <def>The act of breathing on or into
anything</def>; especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>The breathing upon a person in the sacrament of baptism to
symbolize the inspiration of a new spiritual life.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act of blowing (a gas,
powder, or vapor) into any cavity of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*suit"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unsuitable.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>In*suit`a*bil"i*ty</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In"su*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>insularis</i>,
fr. <i>insula</i> island: cf. F. <i>insulaire</i>. See
<u>Isle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an island; of the
nature, or possessing the characteristics, of an island; as, an
<i>insular</i> climate, fauna, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the people of an
island; narrow; circumscribed; illiberal; contracted; as,
<i>insular</i> habits, opinions, or prejudices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The penury of <i>insular</i>
conversation.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"su*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An islander.</def>
[R.]  <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`su*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>insularit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being an island or
consisting of islands; insulation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>insularity</i> of Britain was first shown by
Agricola, who sent his fleet round it.</blockquote>
<i>Pinkerton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Narrowness or illiberality of opinion;
prejudice; exclusiveness; as, the <i>insularity</i> of the Chinese or
of the aristocracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"su*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
insular manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"su*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Insular.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"su*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Insulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Insulating</u> (?).] [L. <i>insulatus</i> insulated,
fr. <i>insula</i> island. See <u>Isle</u>, and cf.
<u>Isolate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make an island of.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place in a detached situation, or in a
state having no communication with surrounding objects; to isolate;
to separate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Elec. &amp; Thermotics)</i> <def>To prevent the
transfer of electricity or heat to or from (bodies) by the
interposition of nonconductors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Insulating stool</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a stool
with legs of glass or some other nonconductor of electricity, used
for insulating a person or any object placed upon it.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 773 !></p>

<p><hw>In"su*la`ted</hw> (&ibreve;n"s&usl;*l&amacr;"t&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Standing by itself;
not being contiguous to other bodies; separated; unconnected;
isolated; as, an <i>insulated</i> house or column.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The special and <i>insulated</i> situation of the
Jews.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Elect. &amp; Thermotics)</i> <def>Separated
from other bodies by means of nonconductors of heat or
electricity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Situated at so great a
distance as to be beyond the effect of gravitation; -- said of stars
supposed to be so far apart that the affect of their mutual
attraction is insensible.</def>  <i>C. A. Young.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Insulated wire</b></col>, <cd>wire wound with silk, or
covered with other nonconducting material, for electrical
use.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`su*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of insulating, or the state of being
insulated; detachment from other objects; isolation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Elec. &amp; Thermotics)</i> <def>The act of
separating a body from others by nonconductors, so as to prevent the
transfer of electricity or of heat; also, the state of a body so
separated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"su*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, insulates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Elec. &amp; Thermotics)</i> <def>The substance
or body that insulates; a nonconductor.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"su*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>An insulating material, usually some variety of compressed
cellulose, made of sawdust, paper pulp, cotton waste, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"su*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insulosus</i>, fr. <i>insula</i> island.] <def>Abounding in
islands.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*sulse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>insulsus</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>salsus</i> salted, fr. <i>salire</i>,
<i>salsum</i>, to salt.] <def>Insipid; dull; stupid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sul"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insulsitas</i>.] <def>Insipidity; stupidity; dullness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>insulsity</i> of mortal tongues.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"sult</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>insultus</i>,
fr. <i>insilire</i> to leap upon: cf. F. <i>insulte</i>. See
<u>Insult</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of leaping on; onset;
attack.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gross abuse offered to another, either by
word or act; an act or speech of insolence or contempt; an affront;
an indignity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ruthless sneer that <i>insult</i> adds to
grief.</blockquote> <i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Affront; indignity; abuse; outrage; contumely. See
<u>Affront</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*sult"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Insulted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Insulting</u>.] [F. <i>insulter</i>, L. <i>insultare</i>, freq.
fr. <i>insilire</i> to leap into or upon; pref. <i>in-</i> in, on +
<i>salire</i> to leap. See <u>Salient</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To leap or trample upon; to make a sudden
onset upon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with abuse, insolence, indignity,
or contempt, by word or action; to abuse; as, to call a man a coward
or a liar, or to sneer at him, is to <i>insult</i> him.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sult"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To leap or jump.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me thy knife, I will <i>insult</i> on
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the frogs in the apologue, <i>insulting</i> upon
their wooden king.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To behave with insolence; to exult.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The lion being dead, even hares
<i>insult</i>.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An unwillingness to <i>insult</i> over their helpless
fatuity.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sult"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being insulted or affronted.</def> [R.]  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`sul*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insultatio</i>, fr. <i>insultare</i>: cf. OF.
<i>insultation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of insulting; abusive or insolent
treatment; insult.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exultation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Is. xiv.
(heading).</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sult"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
insults.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sult"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing, or
characterized by, insult or abuse; tending to insult or affront; as,
<i>insulting</i> language, treatment, etc.</def> --
<wf>In*sult"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insolent; impertinent; saucy; rude; abusive;
contemptuous. See <u>Insolent</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*sult"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Insolent
treatment; insult.</def> [Obs.] "My speech of <i>insultment</i>
ended."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insumere</i>; pre. <i>in-</i> in + <i>sumere</i> to take.] <def>To
take in; to absorb.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*su`per*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being insuperable; insuperableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*su"per*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insuperabilis</i>: cf. OF. <i>insuperable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Superable</u>.] <def>Incapable of being passed over or
surmounted; insurmountable; as, <i>insuperable</i>
difficulties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And middle natures, how they long to join,<BR>
Yet never pass the <i>insuperable</i> line?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The difficulty is enhanced, or is . . .
<i>insuperable</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impassable; insurmountable; unconquerable.</p>

<p>-- <wf>In*su"per*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*su"per*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`sup*port"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insupportabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>insupportable</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Support</u>.] <def>Incapable of being supported or borne;
unendurable; insufferable; intolerable; as, <i>insupportable</i>
burdens; <i>insupportable</i> pain.</def> --
<wf>In`sup*port"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`sup*port"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`sup*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being supposed; not supposable; inconceivable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sup*press"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
can not be suppressed or concealed; irrepressible.</def>
<i>Young.</i> -- <wf>In`sup*press"i*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`sup*press"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Insuppressible.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>insuppressive</i> mettle of
our spirits."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sur"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Insure</u>.] <def>Capable of being insured against loss, damage,
death, etc.; proper to be insured.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The French law annuls the latter policies so far as
they exceed the <i>insurable</i> interest which remained in the
insured at the time of the subscription thereof.</blockquote>
<i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sur"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Insure</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of insuring, or assuring, against
loss or damage by a contingent event; a contract whereby, for a
stipulated consideration, called <i>premium</i>, one party undertakes
to indemnify or guarantee another against loss by certain specified
risks.  Cf. <u>Assurance</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The person who undertakes to pay in case of loss is termed
the <i>insurer</i>; the danger against which he undertakes, the
<i>risk</i>; the person protected, the <i>insured</i>; the sum which
he pays for the protection, the <i>premium</i>; and the contract
itself, when reduced to form, the <i>policy</i>.  <i>Johnson's
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The premium paid for insuring property or
life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The sum for which life or property is
insured.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A guaranty, security, or pledge;
assurance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The most acceptable <i>insurance</i> of the divine
protection.</blockquote> <i>Mickle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Accident insurance</b></col>, <cd>insurance against
pecuniary loss by reason of accident to the person.</cd> --
<col><b>Endowment insurance</b></col> or <col><b>assurance</b></col>,
<cd>a combination of life insurance and investment such that if the
person upon whose life a risk is taken dies before a certain
specified time the insurance becomes due at once, and if he survives,
it becomes due at the time specified.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire
insurance</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fire</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Insurance broker</b></col>, <cd>a broker or agent who effects
insurance.</cd> -- <col><b>Insurance company</b></col>, <cd>a company
or corporation whose business it is to insure against loss, damage,
or death.</cd> -- <col><b>Insurance policy</b></col>, <cd>a
certificate of insurance; the document containing the contract made
by an insurance company with a person whose property or life is
insured.</cd> -- <col><b>Life insurance</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Life</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*sur"an*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
effects insurance; an insurer; an underwriter.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>hose bold <i>insurancers</i> of deathless
fame.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sur"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The person
insured.</def>  <i>Champness.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Insured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Insuring</u>.] [OE. <i>ensuren</i>, prob. for <i>assuren</i>, by a
change of prefix. See 1st <u>In-</u>, and <u>Sure</u>, and cf.
<u>Assure</u>, <u>Ensure</u>.] [Written also <i>ensure</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make sure or secure; as, to
<i>insure</i> safety to any one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, to secure against a loss by
a contingent event, on certain stipulated conditions, or at a given
rate or premium; to give or to take an insurance on or for; as, a
merchant <i>insures</i> his ship or its cargo, or both, against the
dangers of the sea; goods and buildings are <i>insured</i> against
fire or water; persons are <i>insured</i> against sickness, accident,
or death; and sometimes hazardous debts are <i>insured</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sure"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To underwrite; to
make insurance; as, a company <i>insures</i> at three per
cent.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*sur"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, insures; the person or company that contracts to indemnify
losses for a premium; an underwriter.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*sur"gence</hw> (?), <hw>In*sur"gen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of insurrection; an uprising; an
insurrection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A moral <i>insurgence</i> in the minds of grave men
against the Court of Rome.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sur"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insurgens</i>, p. pr. of <i>insurgere</i> to rise up; pref. <i>in-
</i> in + <i>surgere</i> to rise. See <u>Surge</u>.] <def>Rising in
opposition to civil or political authority, or against an established
government; insubordinate; rebellious.</def> "The <i>insurgent</i>
provinces."  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*sur"gent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>insurgent</i>.] <def>A person who rises in revolt against civil
authority or an established government; one who openly and actively
resists the execution of laws; a rebel.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Rebel</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`sur*mount`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state or quality of being insurmountable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sur*mount"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> not + <i>surmountable</i>: cf. F. <i>insurmountable</i>.]
<def>Incapable of being passed over, surmounted, or overcome;
insuperable; as, <i>insurmountable</i> difficulty or obstacle.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hope thinks nothing difficult; despair tells us that
difficulty is <i>insurmountable</i>.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insuperable; impassable; invincible.</p>

<p><hw>In`sur*mount"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being insurmountable;
insurmountability.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sur*mount"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner or to a degree not to be overcome.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sur*rec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insurrectio</i>, fr. <i>insurgere</i>, <i>insurrectum</i>: cf. F.
<i>insurrection</i>. See <u>Insurgent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rising against civil or political
authority, or the established government; open and active opposition
to the execution of law in a city or state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is found that this city of old time hath made
<i>insurrection</i> against kings, and that rebellion and sedition
have been made therein.</blockquote> <i>Ezra iv. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rising in mass to oppose an enemy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Insurrection</u>, <u>Sedition</u>,
<u>Revolt</u>, <u>Rebellion</u>, <u>Mutiny</u>.  <i>Sedition</i> is
the raising of commotion in a state, as by conspiracy, without aiming
at open violence against the laws. <i>Insurrection</i> is a rising of
individuals to prevent the execution of law by force of arms.
<i>Revolt</i> is a casting off the authority of a government, with a
view to put it down by force, or to substitute one ruler for another.
<i>Rebellion</i> is an extended insurrection and revolt.
<i>Mutiny</i> is an insurrection on a small scale, as a <i>mutiny</i>
of a regiment, or of a ship's crew.</p>

<p><blockquote>I say again,<BR>
In soothing them, we nourish 'gainst our senate<BR>
The cockle of rebellion, insolence, <i>sedition</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Insurrections</i> of base people are commonly more
furious in their beginnings.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was greatly strengthened, and the enemy as much
enfeebled, by daily <i>revolts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though of their names in heavenly records now<BR>
Be no memorial, blotted out and razed<BR>
By their <i>rebellion</i> from the books of life.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`sur*rec"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>insurrectionnel</i>.] <def>Pertaining to insurrection; consisting
in insurrection.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sur*rec"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or characterized by, insurrection; rebellious;
seditious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their murderous <i>insurrectionary</i>
system.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`sur*rec"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
favors, or takes part in, insurrection; an insurgent.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sus*cep`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Want of susceptibility, or of capacity to feel or
perceive.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`sus*cep`ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>susceptible</i>: cf. F. <i>insusceptible</i>.] <def>Not
susceptible; not capable of being moved, affected, or impressed; that
can not feel, receive, or admit; as, a limb <i>insusceptible</i> of
pain; a heart <i>insusceptible</i> of pity; a mind
<i>insusceptible</i> to flattery.</def> -- <wf>In`sus*cep`ti*bly</wf>
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`sus*cep"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
susceptive or susceptible.</def> [R.]  <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*su`sur*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>insusurratio</i>, fr. <i>insusurrare</i> to whisper into.]
<def>The act of whispering into something.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*swathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inswathed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inswating</u>.] <def>To wrap up; to infold; to
swathe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Inswathed</i> sometimes in wandering
mist.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tact"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>intactus</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>tactus</i>, p. p. of <i>tangere</i> to
touch: cf. F. <i>intact</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Tact</u>,
<u>Tangent</u>.] <def>Untouched, especially by anything that harms,
defiles, or the like; uninjured; undefiled; left complete or
entire.</def>  <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When all external differences have passed away, one
element remains <i>intact</i>, unchanged, -- the everlasting basis of
our common nature, the human soul.</blockquote> <i>F. W.
Robertson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*tac"ti*ble</hw> (?), <hw>In*tac"ta*ble</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not perceptible to the touch.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tagl"ia*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.
<i>intagliato</i>, p. p. of <i>intagliare</i>. See <u>Intaglio</u>.]
<def>Engraved in intaglio; as, an <i>intagliated</i> stone.</def>
<i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tagl"io</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Intaglius</b></plw> (#), It. <plw><b>Intagli</b></plw> (#).
[It., fr. <i>intagliare</i> to engrave, carve; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>tagliare</i> to cut, carve. See <u>Detail</u>.] <def>A cutting or
engraving; a figure cut into something, as a gem, so as to make a
design depressed below the surface of the material; hence, anything
so carved or impressed, as a gem, matrix, etc.; -- opposed to
<i>cameo</i>. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tail"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Entail</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>In"take`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The place where water or air is taken into a pipe or conduit; --
opposed to <i>outlet</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>the beginning of a contraction or
narrowing in a tube or cylinder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The quantity taken in; as, the
<i>intake</i> of air.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tam"i*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intaminatus</i>. See <u>Contaminate</u>.]
<def>Uncontaminated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tan`gi*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Intangibilities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>intangibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
intangible; intangibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tan"gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>tangible</i>: cf. F. <i>intangible</i>.] <def>Not tangible;
incapable of being touched; not perceptible to the touch; impalpable;
imperceptible.</def>  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A corporation is an artificial, invisible,
<i>intangible</i> being.</blockquote> <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*tan"gi*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*tan"gi*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*tan"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Entangle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tast"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being tasted; tasteless; unsavory.</def> [R.]  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"te*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>integer</i>
untouched, whole, entire. See <u>Entire</u>.] <def>A complete entity;
a whole number, in contradistinction to a fraction or a mixed
number.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Complex integer</b></col> <i>(Theory of Numbers)</i>,
<cd>an expression of the form <i>a + b&radic;-1</i>, where <i>a</i>
and <i>b</i> are real integers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`te*gra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>The quality of being integrable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"te*gra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Capable of being integrated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"te*gral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>int&eacute;gral</i>. See <u>Integer</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lacking nothing of completeness; complete;
perfect; uninjured; whole; entire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A local motion keepeth bodies
<i>integral</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Essential to completeness; constituent, as
a part; pertaining to, or serving to form, an integer;
integrant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ceasing to do evil, and doing good, are the two great
<i>integral</i> parts that complete this duty.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or being, a whole number or undivided quantity; not
fractional.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to, or
proceeding by, integration; as, the <i>integral</i>
calculus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Integral calculus</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Calculus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"te*gral</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A whole; an entire thing; a whole number; an
individual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>An expression which, being
differentiated, will produce a given differential. See differential
<u>Differential</u>, and <u>Integration</u>.  Cf.
<u>Fluent</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Elliptic integral</b></col>, <cd>one of an important class
of integrals, occurring in the higher mathematics; -- so called
because one of the integrals expresses the length of an arc of an
<i>ellipse</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`te*gral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>int&eacute;gralit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Entireness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Whitaker.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"te*gral*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
integral manner; wholly; completely; also, by integration.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"te*grant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>integrans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>integrare</i> to make
whole, renew: cf. F. <i>int&eacute;grant</i>. See <u>Integrate</u>.]
<def>Making part of a whole; necessary to constitute an entire thing;
integral.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All these are <i>integrant</i> parts of the
republic.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Integrant parts</b></col>, or <col><b>particles</b></col>,
<cd>of bodies, those smaller particles into which a body may be
reduced without loss of its original constitution, as by mechanical
division.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"te*grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Integrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Integrating</u> (?).] [L. <i>integratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>integrare</i> to make whole, renew: cf. F. <i>int&eacute;grer</i>.
See <u>Integer</u>, <u>Entire</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form into one whole; to make entire; to
complete; to renew; to restore; to perfect.</def> "That conquest
rounded and <i>integrated</i> the glorious empire."  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two distinct substances, the soul and body, go to
compound and <i>integrate</i> the man.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To indicate the whole of; to give the sum
or total of; as, an <i>integrating</i> anemometer, one that indicates
or registers the entire action of the wind in a given time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To subject to the operation
of integration; to find the integral of.</def></p>

<p><! p. 774 !></p>

<p><hw>In`te*gra"tion</hw> (&ibreve;n`t&esl;*gr&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>integratio</i> a renewing, restoring: cf.
F. <i>int&eacute;gration</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of making whole or
entire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The operation of finding
the primitive function which has a given function for its
differential coefficient. See <u>Integral</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The symbol of integration is &integral2l; (standing for the
Latin <i>summa</i> sum), and the integral is also regarded as the
limiting value of the sum of great numbers of differentials, when the
magnitude of the differentials decreases, and their number increases
indefinitely. See <u>Limit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  When the
summation is made between specified values of the variable, the
result is a <i>definite integral</i>, and those values of the
variable are the limits of the integral. When the summation is made
successively for two or more variables, the result is a <i>multiple
integral</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In the theory of evolution: The process by
which the manifold is compacted into the relatively simple and
permanent. It is supposed to alternate with differentiation as an
agent in development.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"te*gra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math. &
Mech.)</i> <def>That which integrates; esp., an instrument by means
of which the area of a figure can be measured directly, or its moment
of inertia, or statical moment, etc., be determined.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*teg"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>integritas</i>: cf. F. <i>int&eacute;grit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Integer</u>, and cf. <u>Entirety</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being entire or
complete; wholeness; entireness; unbroken state; as, the
<i>integrity</i> of an empire or territory.</def>  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moral soundness; honesty; freedom from
corrupting influence or motive; -- used especially with reference to
the fulfillment of contracts, the discharge of agencies, trusts, and
the like; uprightness; rectitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moral grandeur of independent <i>integrity</i> is
the sublimest thing in nature.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their sober zeal, <i>integrity</i>, and
worth.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unimpaired, unadulterated, or genuine
state; entire correspondence with an original condition;
purity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Language continued long in its purity and
<i>integrity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Honesty; uprightness; rectitude. See
<u>Probity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`te*gro*pal"li*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>integer</i> whole + E. <i>pallial</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the pallial line entire, or without a sinus, as certain
bivalve shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*teg`u*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Integument</u>.] <def>That part of physiology which treats of the
integuments of animals and plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*teg"u*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>integumentum</i>, fr. <i>integere</i> to cover; pref. <i>in-</i>
in, on + <i>tegere</i> to cover: cf. F. <i>int&eacute;gument</i>. See
1st <u>n-</u>, and <u>Tegument</u>.] <def>That which naturally
invests or covers another thing, as the testa or the tegmen of a
seed; specifically <i>(Anat.)</i>, a covering which invests the body,
as the skin, or a membrane that invests a particular part.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*teg`u*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Belonging to, or composed of, integuments.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*teg`u*men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act or process of covering with integuments; the state or manner of
being thus covered.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"tel*lect</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intellectus</i>, fr. <i>intelligere</i>, <i>intellectum</i>, to
understand: cf. <i>intellect</i>. See <u>Intelligent</u>.]
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The part or faculty of the human soul by which
it knows, as distinguished from the power to feel and to will;
sometimes, the capacity for higher forms of knowledge, as
distinguished from the power to perceive objects in their relations;
the power to judge and comprehend; the thinking faculty; the
understanding.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"tel*lect`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Endowed
with intellect; having intellectual powers or capacities.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In body, and in bristles, they became<BR>
As swine, yet <i>intellected</i> as before.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tel*lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intellectio</i> synecdoche: cf. F. <i>intellection</i>.] <def>A
mental act or process;</def> especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
act of understanding; simple apprehension of ideas; intuition.</def>
<i>Bentley</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A creation of the mind
itself.</def>  <i>Hickok.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tel*lec"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>intellectif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or produced by, the
intellect or understanding; intellectual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having power to understand, know, or
comprehend; intelligent; rational.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being perceived by the
understanding only, not by the senses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Intellective</i> abstractions of logic and
metaphysics.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tel*lec"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
intellective manner.</def> [R.] "Not <i>intellectivelly</i> to
write."  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tel*lec"tu*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intellectualis</i>: cf. F. <i>intellectuel</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to, or performed by, the
intellect; mental; as, <i>intellectual</i> powers, activities,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Logic is to teach us the right use of our reason or
<i>intellectual</i> powers.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Endowed with intellect; having the power
of understanding; having capacity for the higher forms of knowledge
or thought; characterized by intelligence or mental capacity; as, an
<i>intellectual</i> person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who would lose,<BR>
Though full of pain, this <i>intellectual</i> being,<BR>
Those thoughts that wander through eternity?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Suitable for exercising the intellect;
formed by, and existing for, the intellect alone; perceived by the
intellect; as, <i>intellectual</i> employments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the understanding; treating of
the mind; as, <i>intellectual</i> philosophy, sometimes called
"mental" philosophy.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tel*lec"tu*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The intellect
or understanding; mental powers or faculties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her husband, for I view far round, not nigh,<BR>
Whose higher <i>intellectual</i> more I shun.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I kept her <i>intellectuals</i> in a state of
exercise.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tel*lec"tu*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Intellectual power;
intellectuality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine that knowledge is derived
from pure reason.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tel*lec"tu*al*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who overrates the importance of the
understanding.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who accepts the doctrine of
intellectualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tel*lec`tu*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intellectualitas</i>: cf. F. <i>intellectualit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Intellectual powers; possession of intellect; quality of being
intellectual.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tel*lec"tu*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To treat in an intellectual manner; to
discuss intellectually; to reduce to intellectual form; to express
intellectually; to idealize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sentiment is <i>intellectualized</i>
emotion.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endow with intellect; to bestow
intellectual qualities upon; to cause to become
intellectual.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tel*lec"tu*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
intellectual manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tel"li*gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>intelligence</i>, L. <i>intelligentia</i>, <i>intellegentia</i>.
See <u>Intelligent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of knowing; the exercise
of the understanding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The capacity to know or understand;
readiness of comprehension; the intellect, as a gift or an
endowment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And dimmed with darkness their
<i>intelligence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Information communicated; news; notice;
advice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Intelligence</i> is given where you are
hid.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Acquaintance; intercourse;
familiarity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He lived rather in a fair <i>intelligence</i> than any
friendship with the favorites.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Knowledge imparted or acquired, whether by
study, research, or experience; general information.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I write as he that none <i>intelligence</i><BR>
Of meters hath, ne flowers of sentence.</blockquote> <i>Court of
Love.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An intelligent being or spirit; --
generally applied to pure spirits; as, a created
<i>intelligence</i>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>Intelligences</i> fair<BR>
That range above our mortal state,<BR>
In circle round the blessed gate,<BR>
Received and gave him welcome there.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Intelligence office</b></col>, <cd>an office where
information may be obtained, particularly respecting servants to be
hired.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Understanding; intellect; instruction; advice;
notice; notification; news; information; report.</p>

<p><hw>In*tel"li*gen*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, sends or conveys intelligence or news; a
messenger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the intriguers in foreign politics, all the spies,
and all the <i>intelligencers</i> . . . acted solely upon that
principle.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tel"li*gen*cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Informing; giving information; talebearing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That sad <i>intelligencing</i> tyrant.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tel"li*gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Intelligence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tel"li*gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intelligens</i>, <i>intellegens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>intelligere</i>, <i>intellegere</i>, to perceive; <i>inter</i>
between + <i>legere</i> to gather, collect, choose: cf. F.
<i>intelligent</i>. See <u>Legend</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Endowed with the faculty of understanding
or reason; as, man is an <i>intelligent</i> being.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessed of intelligence, education, or
judgment; knowing; sensible; skilled; marked by intelligence; as, an
<i>intelligent</i> young man; an <i>intelligent</i> architect; an
<i>intelligent</i> answer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cognizant; aware; communicative.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Intelligent</i> of seasons.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which are to France the spies and speculations<BR>
<i>Intelligent</i> of our state.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sensible; understanding. See <u>Sensible</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*tel`li*gen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>intelligentiel</i>.] [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the intelligence;
exercising or implying understanding; intellectual.</def> "With act
<i>intelligential</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of unembodied mind;
incorporeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Food alike those pure<BR>
<i>Intelligential</i> substances require.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tel`li*gen"tia*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who gives information; an intelligencer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tel"li*gent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
intelligent manner; with intelligence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tel`li*gi*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), [Cf. F.
<i>intelligilibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
intelligible; clearness; perspicuity; definiteness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tel"li*gi*ble</hw> (?), [L. <i>intellegibilis</i>: cf. F.
<i>intelligible</i>. See <u>Intelligent</u>.] <def>Capable of being
understood or comprehended; as, an <i>intelligible</i> account or
description; <i>intelligible</i> pronunciation, writing,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>intelligible</i> forms of ancient
poets.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Comprehensible; perspicuous; plain; clear.</p>

<p><hw>In*tel"li*gi*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being intelligible; intelligibility.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tel"li*gi*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
intelligible manner; so as to be understood; clearly; plainly; as, to
write or speak <i>intelligibly</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*tem"er*ate</hw> (?), <hw>In*tem"er*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>intemeratus</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not +
<i>temeratus</i> defiled.] <def>Pure; undefiled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*tem"er*ate*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being unpolluted; purity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tem"per*a*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bad
state; as, the <i>intemperament</i> of an ulcerated part.</def> [R.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tem"per*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>intemp&eacute;rance</i>, L. <i>intemperantia</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Temperance</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of becoming, or state of being,
intemperate; excess in any kind of action or indulgence; any
immoderate indulgence of the appetites or passions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God is in every creature; be cruel toward none,
neither abuse any by <i>intemperance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some, as thou sawest, by violent stroke shall die,<BR>
By fire, flood, famine, by <i>intemperance</i> more<BR>
In meats and drinks.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: Habitual or excessive
indulgence in alcoholic liquors.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tem"per*an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Intemperance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*tem"per*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intemperans</i>, <i>-antis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Temperant</u>.] <def>Intemperate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such as be <i>intemperant</i>, that is, followers of
their naughty appetites and lusts.</blockquote> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tem`per*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intemperatus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Temperate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Indulging any appetite or passion to excess;
immoderate in enjoyment or exertion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, addicted to an excessive or
habitual use of alcoholic liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Excessive; ungovernable; inordinate;
violent; immoderate; as, <i>intemperate</i> language, zeal, etc.;
<i>intemperate</i> weather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most do taste through fond <i>intemperate</i>
thirst.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Use not thy mouth to <i>intemperate</i>
swearing.</blockquote> <i>Ecclus. xxiii. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tem`per*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disorder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*tem`per*ate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
intemperate manner; immoderately; excessively; without
restraint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people . . . who behaved very unwisely and
<i>intemperately</i> on that occasion.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tem`per*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being intemperate; excessive
indulgence of any appetite or passion; as, <i>intemperateness</i> in
eating or drinking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Severity of weather; inclemency.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By unseasonable weather, by <i>intemperateness</i> of
the air or meteors.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tem"per*a*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>intemperature</i>.] <def>Intemperateness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tem*pes"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intempestivus</i>: cf. F. <i>intempestif</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Tempestive</u>.] <def>Out of season; untimely.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Intempestive</i> bashfulness gets
nothing.</blockquote> <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tem*pes"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Unseasonably.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*tem`pes*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intempestivitas</i>: cf. F. <i>intempestivit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Unseasonableness; untimeliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>tenable</i>: cf. F. <i>intenable</i>.] <def>Incapable of
being held; untenable; not defensible; as, an <i>intenable</i>
opinion; an <i>intenable</i> fortress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tend"</hw> (&ibreve;n*t&ebreve;nd"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intended</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Intending</u>.] [OE.
<i>entenden</i> to be attentive, F. <i>entendre</i>, fr. L.
<i>intendre</i>, <i>intentum</i>, and <i>intensum</i>, to intend,
attend, stretch out, extend; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>tendere</i> to
stretch, stretch out. See <u>Tend</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stretch; to extend; to distend.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By this the lungs are <i>intended</i> or
remitted.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strain; to make tense.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When a bow is successively <i>intended</i> and
remedied.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To intensify; to strengthen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Magnetism may be <i>intended</i> and
remitted.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To apply with energy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him <i>intend</i> his mind, without respite,
without rest, in one direction.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bend or turn; to direct, as one's
course or journey.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To fix the mind on; to attend to; to take
care of; to superintend; to regard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Having no children, she did, with singular care and
tenderness, <i>intend</i> the education of Philip.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul, not being able to <i>intend</i> two things at
once, abated of its fervency in praying.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To fix the mind upon (something to be
accomplished); to be intent upon; to mean; to design; to plan; to
purpose; -- often followed by an infinitely with <i>to</i>, or a
dependent clause with <i>that</i>; as, he <i>intends</i> to go; he
<i>intends</i> that she shall remain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>intended</i> evil against thee.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xxi. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To-morrow he <i>intends</i><BR>
To hunt the boar with certain of his friends.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To design mechanically or artistically; to
fashion; to mold.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Modesty was made<BR>
When she was first <i>intended</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To pretend; to counterfeit; to
simulate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Intend</i> a kind of zeal both to the prince and
Claudio.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To purpose; mean; design; plan; conceive;
contemplate.</p>

<p><hw>In*tend"an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Intendancies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>intendance</i>. See
<u>Intendant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office or employment of an
intendant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A territorial district committed to the
charge of an intendant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tend"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>intendant</i>, fr. L. <i>intendere</i> to direct (one's thoughts)
to a thing. See <u>Intend</u>.] <def>One who has the charge,
direction, or management of some public business; a superintendent;
as, an <i>intendant</i> of marine; an <i>intendant</i> of
finance.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tend"ant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Intend</u>.]
<def>Attentive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*tend"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made tense; stretched out; extended; forcible; violent.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Purposed; designed; as, <i>intended</i>
harm or help.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They drew a curse from an <i>intended</i>
good.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Betrothed; affianced; as, an
<i>intended</i> husband.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tend"ed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One with whom
marriage is designed; one who is betrothed; an affianced
lover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If it were not that I might appear to disparage his
<i>intended</i>, . . . I would add that to me she seems to be
throwing herself away.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tend"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Intentionally.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Intendant</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*tend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
intends.</def>  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tend"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>intendimentum</i>. See <u>Intendment</u>.] <def>Attention;
consideration; knowledge; understanding.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tend"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>entendement</i> understanding, insight, F. <i>entendement</i>, fr.
LL. <i>intendimentum</i>. See <u>Intend</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Charge; oversight.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intention; design; purpose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>intendment</i> of God and nature.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The true meaning,
understanding, or intention of a law, or of any legal
instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intenerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intenerating</u>.] [Pref. <i>in-</i> in + L.
<i>tener</i> soft, tender. See <u>Tender</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>To make tender or sensitive; to soften.</def></p>

<p><! p. 775 !></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear <i>intenerates</i> the heart.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So have I seen the little purls of a stream . . .
<i>intenerate</i> the stubborn pavement.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"er*ate</hw> (&ibreve;n*t&ebreve;n"&etilde;r*&asl;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made tender or soft; softened.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*ten`er*a"tion</hw> (-&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of intenerating, or the
state of being intenerated; softening.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + L. <i>tenere</i> to hold: cf. L. <i>intenibilis</i> not to be
grasped.  Cf. <u>Intenable</u>.] <def>Incapable of holding or
containing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This captious and <i>intenible</i> sieve.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intensated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intensating</u>.] [See <u>Intense</u>.] <def>To
intensify.</def> [R.]  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ten*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of intensifying; intensification; climax.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"sa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adding
intensity; intensifying.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>intensus</i>
stretched, tight, p. p. of <i>intendere</i> to stretch: cf. F.
<i>intense</i>. See <u>Intend</u>, and cf. <u>Intent</u>, and cf.
<u>Intent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Strained; tightly drawn; kept on the
stretch; strict; very close or earnest; as, <i>intense</i> study or
application; <i>intense</i> thought.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extreme in degree; excessive; immoderate;
as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Ardent; fervent; as, <i>intense</i> heat.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Keen; biting; as, <i>intense</i> cold.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> Vehement; earnest; exceedingly strong; as,
<i>intense</i> passion or hate. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> Very severe;
violent; as, <i>intense</i> pain or anguish. <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
Deep; strong; brilliant; as, <i>intense</i> color or light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this <i>intense</i> seclusion of the
forest.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tense"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Intently.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To an extreme degree; as, weather
<i>intensely</i> cold.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tense"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being intense; intensity; as, the <i>intenseness</i> of
heat or cold; the <i>intenseness</i> of study or thought.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ten`si*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act or process of intensifying, or of making more intense.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"si*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who or
that which intensifies or strengthens; in photography, an agent used
to intensify the lights or shadows of a picture.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"si*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intensified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intensifying</u> (?).] [<i>Intense</i> + <i>-
fly</i>.] <def>To render more intense; as, to <i>intensify</i> heat
or cold; to <i>intensify</i> colors; to <i>intensify</i> a
photographic negative; to <i>intensify</i> animosity.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How piercing is the sting of pride<BR>
By want embittered and <i>intensified</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"si*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
intense, or more intense; to act with increasing power or
energy.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intensio</i>: cf. F. <i>intension</i>. See <u>Intend</u>, and cf.
<u>Intention</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A straining, stretching, or bending; the
state of being strained; as, the <i>intension</i> of a musical
string.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Increase of power or energy of any quality
or thing; intenseness; fervency.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sounds . . . likewise do rise and fall with the
<i>intension</i> or remission of the wind.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic &amp; Metaph.)</i> <def>The collective
attributes, qualities, or marks that make up a complex general
notion; the comprehension, content, or connotation; -- opposed to
<i>extension</i>, <i>extent</i>, or <i>sphere</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This law is, that the <i>intension</i> of our
knowledge is in the inverse ratio of its extension.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"si*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Increasing
the force or intensity of; intensive; as, the <i>intensitive</i>
words of a sentence.</def>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>intensitas</i>: cf. F. <i>intensit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Intense</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being intense;
intenseness; extreme degree; as, <i>intensity</i> of heat, cold,
mental application, passion, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you would deepen the <i>intensity</i> of light, you
must be content to bring into deeper blackness and more distinct and
definite outline the shade that accompanies it.</blockquote>  <i>F.
W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The amount or degree of
energy with which a force operates or a cause acts; effectiveness, as
estimated by results produced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The magnitude of a
distributed force, as pressure, stress, weight, etc., per unit of
surface, or of volume, as the case may be; as, the measure of the
<i>intensity</i> of a total stress of forty pounds which is
distributed uniformly over a surface of four square inches area is
ten pounds per square inch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>The degree or depth of
shade in a picture.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>intensif</i>. See <u>Intense</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Stretched; admitting of intension, or
increase of degree; that can be intensified.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by persistence; intent;
unremitted; assiduous; intense.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Serving to give force or
emphasis; as, an <i>intensive</i> verb or preposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"sive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
intensifies or emphasizes; an intensive verb or word.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
intensive manner; by increase of degree.</def>  <i>Abp.
Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being intensive; intensity.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>intentus</i>,
p. p. of <i>intendere</i>. See <u>Intend</u>, and cf.
<u>Intense</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Closely directed; strictly attentive;
bent; -- said of the mind, thoughts, etc.; as, a mind <i>intent</i>
on self-improvement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the mind closely directed to or
bent on an object; sedulous; eager in pursuit of an object; --
formerly with <i>to</i>, but now with <i>on</i>; as, <i>intent</i> on
business or pleasure.</def> "<i>Intent</i> on mischief."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be <i>intent</i> and solicitous to take up the meaning
of the speaker.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tent"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>entent</i>,
<i>entente</i>, attention, purpose, OF. <i>entente</i>, F.
<i>entente</i> understanding, meaning; a participial noun, fr. F. &
OF. <i>entendre</i>. See <u>Intend</u>.] <def>The act of turning the
mind toward an object; hence, a design; a purpose; intention;
meaning; drift; aim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be thy <i>intents</i> wicked or
charitable.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The principal <i>intent</i> of Scripture is to deliver
the laws of duties supernatural.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p>><col><b>To all intents and purposes</b></col>, <cd>in all
applications or senses; practically; really; virtually;
essentially.</cd> "He was miserable <i>to all intents and
purpose</i>."  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Design; purpose; intention; meaning; purport; view;
drift; object; end; aim; plan.</p>

<p><hw>In`ten*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Intention.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*ten"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>intention</i>, L. <i>intentio</i>. See <u>Intend</u>, and cf.
<u>Intension</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stretching or bending of the mind toward
an object; closeness of application; fixedness of attention;
earnestness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Intention</i> is when the mind, with great
earnestness, and of choice, fixes its view on any idea.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A determination to act in a certain way or
to do a certain thing; purpose; design; as, an <i>intention</i> to go
to New York.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hell is paved with good
<i>intentions</i>.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The object toward which the thoughts are
directed; end; aim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In [chronical distempers], the principal
<i>intention</i> is to restore the tone of the solid
parts.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being strained. See
<u>Intension</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Any mental apprehension of
an object.</def></p>

<p><col><b>First intention</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>a conception
of a thing formed by the first or direct application of the mind to
the individual object; an idea or image; as, <i>man</i>,
<i>stone</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Second intention</b></col>
<i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>a conception generalized from first intuition or
apprehension already formed by the mind; an abstract notion;
especially, a classified notion, as <i>species</i>, <i>genus</i>,
<i>whiteness</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To heal by the first
intention</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>to cicatrize, as a wound,
without suppuration.</cd> -- <col><b>To heal by the second
intention</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>to unite after
suppuration.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Design; purpose; object; aim; intent; drift;
purport; meaning. See <u>Design</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*ten"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>intentionnel</i>.] <def>Done by intention or design; intended;
designed; as, the act was <i>intentional</i>, not
accidental.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ten`tion*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being intentional; purpose; design.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"tion*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
intentional manner; with intention; by design; of purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"tioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
designs; -- chiefly used in composition; as, well-<i>intentioned</i>,
having good designs; ill-<i>intentioned</i>, having ill
designs.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>ententif</i>, OF. <i>ententif</i>, fr. L. <i>intentivus</i>
intensive. See <u>Intent</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Intensive</u>.] <def>Attentive; intent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Attentively;
closely.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Intentively</i> to observe."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Closeness of
attention or application of mind; attentiveness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tent"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an intent
manner; as, the eyes <i>intently</i> fixed.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fixedly; steadfastly; earnestly; attentively;
sedulously; diligently; eagerly.</p>

<p><hw>In*tent"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being intent; close application; attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Extreme solicitude or <i>intentness</i> upon
business.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter-</hw> (?). [L. <i>inter</i>, prep., among, between, a
compar. form of <i>in</i> in; akin to <i>intra</i>, <i>intro</i>,
within, Skr. <i>antar</i> between, in, and E. <i>in</i>. See
<u>In</u>, and cf. <u>Entrails</u>, <u>Interior</u>, <u>Enter-</u>,
<u>Exterior</u>.] <def>A prefix signifying <i>among</i>,
<i>between</i>, <i>amid</i>; as, <i>inter</i>act,
<i>inter</i>articular, <i>inter</i>mit.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Interred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Interring</u> (?).] [OE. <i>enteren</i>, OF. <i>enterer</i>,
<i>enterrer</i>, LL. <i>interrare</i>; L. pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>terra</i> the earth. See <u>Terrace</u>.] <def>To deposit and
cover in the earth; to bury; to inhume; as, to <i>inter</i> a dead
body.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>inter-
</i> + <i>act</i>.  Cf. <u>Entr'acte</u>.] <def>A short act or piece
between others, as in a play; an interlude; hence, intermediate
employment or time.</def>  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*act"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act upon
each other; as, two agents mutually <i>interact</i>.</def>
<i>Emerson. Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Intermediate action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mutual or reciprocal action or influence;
as, the <i>interaction</i> of the heart and lungs on each
other.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ad"di*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Added or
placed between the parts of another thing, as a clause inserted
parenthetically in a sentence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*a"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Intermediate agency.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*a"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
intermediate agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*all</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Entrail or
inside.</def> [Obs.]  <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*al"ve*o*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between alveoli; as, the <i>interalveolar</i>
septa between adjacent air cells in the lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*am`bu*la"cral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
interambulacra.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`ter*am`bu*la"crum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Interambulacra</b></plw> (&?;), E.
<plw><b>Interambulacrums</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>In
echinoderms, one of the areas or zones intervening between two
ambulacra. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ambulacrum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*am"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + L. <i>amnis</i> river: cf. L. <i>interamnus</i>.]
<def>Situated between rivers.</def> [R.] "An <i>interamnian</i>
country."  <i>J. Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*an"i*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
animate or inspire mutually.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ar`bo*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
interweaving of branches of trees.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ar*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated between joints or articulations; as,
<i>interarticular</i> cartilages and ligaments.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*a*tom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem. &
Physics)</i> <def>Between atoms; situated, or acting, between the
atoms of bodies; as, <i>interatomic</i> forces.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*au"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Existing
between royal courts.</def> [R.] "<i>Interaulic</i> politics."
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*au*ric"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between the auricles; as, the
<i>interauricular</i> partition of the heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ax"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Situated in an interaxis.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ax"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Situated within or between the axils of
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Interaxes</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The space
between two axes. See <u>Axis</u>, 6.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The doors, windows, niches, and the like, are then
placed centrally in the <i>interaxes</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*bas*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + <i>baste</i> to sew.] <def>Patchwork.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*brach"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Between the arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*brain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>See <u>Thalamencephalon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*bran"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Between the branchi&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*breed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
breed by crossing different stocks of animals or plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"ca*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Intercalary.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"ca*la*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intercalaris</i>, <i>intercalarius</i>: cf. F.
<i>intercalaire</i>. See <u>Intercalate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chron.)</i> <def>Inserted or introduced
among others in the calendar; as, an <i>intercalary</i> month, day,
etc.; -- now applied particularly to the odd day (Feb. 29) inserted
in the calendar of leap year. See <u>Bissextile</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Introduced or inserted among others;
additional; supernumerary.</def> "<i>Intercalary</i> spines."
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>intercalary</i> line . . . is made the last of
a triplet.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Intercalary day</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>one on which
no paroxysm of an intermittent disease occurs.</cd>
<i>Mayne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"ca*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intercalated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intercalating</u> (?).] [L. <i>intercalatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>intercalare</i> to intercalate to intercalate; <i>inter</i>
between + <i>calare</i> to call, proclaim. See <u>Calendar</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chron.)</i> <def>To insert, as a day or
other portion of time, in a calendar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To insert among others, as a verse in a
stanza; specif. <i>(Geol.)</i>, to introduce as a bed or stratum,
between the layers of a regular series of rocks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beds of fresh-water shells . . . are
<i>intercalated</i> and interstratified with the shale.</blockquote>
<i>Mantell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter`ca*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intercalatio</i>: cf. F. <i>intercalation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chron.)</i> <def>The insertion of a day, or
other portion of time, in a calendar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The insertion or introduction of anything
among others, as the insertion of a phrase, line, or verse in a
metrical composition; specif. <i>(Geol.)</i>, the intrusion of a bed
or layer between other layers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Intercalations</i> of fresh-water species in some
localities.</blockquote> <i>Mantell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ca*rot"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated between the external and internal carotid arteries; as,
an <i>intercarotid</i> ganglion.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*car"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Between the carpal bone; as, <i>intercarpal</i> articulations,
ligaments.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*car`ti*lag"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Within cartilage; endochondral; as,
<i>intercartilaginous</i> ossification.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cav"ern*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between the cavernous sinuses; as, the
<i>intercavernous</i> sinuses connecting the cavernous sinuses at the
base of the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interceded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Interceding</u>.] [L. <i>intercedere</i>, <i>intercessum</i>;
<i>inter</i> between + <i>cedere</i> to pass: cf. F.
<i>interc&eacute;der</i>. See <u>Cede</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass between; to intervene.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He supposed that a vast period <i>interceded</i>
between that origination and the age wherein he lived.</blockquote>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act between parties with a view to
reconcile differences; to make intercession; to beg or plead in
behalf of another; to mediate; -- usually followed by <i>with</i> and
<i>for</i>; as, I will <i>intercede with</i> him <i>for</i>
you.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I to the lords will <i>intercede</i>, not doubting<BR>
Their favorable ear.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To mediate; arbitrate. See <u>Interpose</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cede"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be, to
come, or to pass, between; to separate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ced"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
interceding; intercession; intervention.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ced"ent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intercedens</i>, p. pr. of <i>intercedere</i>.] <def>Passing
between; mediating; pleading.</def> [R.] --
<wf>In`ter*ced"ent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ced"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
intercedes; an intercessor; a mediator.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cel"lu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying
between cells or cellules; as, <i>intercellular</i> substance, space,
or fluids; <i>intercellular</i> blood channels.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cen"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Between
centers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Intercentral nerves</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>those
nerves which transmit impulses between nerve centers, as opposed to
peripheral fibers, which convey impulses between peripheral parts and
nerve centers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||In`ter*cen"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Intercentra</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The median
of the three elements composing the centra of the vertebr&aelig; in
some fossil batrachians.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cept"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intercepted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Intercepting</u>.] [L. <i>interceptus</i>, p. p. of
<i>intercipere</i> to intercept; <i>inter</i> between + <i>capere</i>
to take, seize: cf. F. <i>intercepter</i>. See <u>Capable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take or seize by the way, or before
arrival at the destined place; to cause to stop on the passage; as,
to <i>intercept</i> a letter; a telegram will <i>intercept</i> him at
Paris.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God will shortly <i>intercept</i> your
breath.</blockquote> <i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obstruct or interrupt the progress of;
to stop; to hinder or oppose; as, to <i>intercept</i> the current of
a river.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>intercepts</i> me in my
expedition?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We must meet first, and <i>intercept</i> his
course.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To interrupt communication with, or
progress toward; to cut off, as the destination; to
blockade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While storms vindictive <i>intercept</i> the
shore.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><! p. 776 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To include between; as,
that part of the line which is <i>intercepted</i> between the points
A and B.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To cut off; stop; catch; seize; obstruct.</p>

<p><hw>In"ter*cept`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>A part cut off or intercepted, as a portion of a line included
between two points, or cut off two straight lines or
curves.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cept"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, intercepts.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interceptio</i> a taking away: cf. F. <i>interception</i>.]
<def>The act of intercepting; as, <i>interception</i> of a letter;
<i>interception</i> of the enemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cept"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Intercepting or tending to intercept.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ces"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intercessio</i> an intervention, a becoming surety: cf. F.
<i>intercession</i>. See <u>Intercede</u>.] <def>The act of
interceding; mediation; interposition between parties at variance,
with a view to reconcilation; prayer, petition, or entreaty in favor
of, or (less often) against, another or others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But the Spirit itself maketh <i>intercession</i> for
us with groanings which can not be uttered.</blockquote> <i>Rom.
viii. 26.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ces"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, of the nature of, or characterized by,
intercession or entreaty.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ces"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
entreat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ces"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a surety:
cf. F. <i>intercesseur</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who goes between, or intercedes; a
mediator. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> One who interposes between parties at
variance, with a view to reconcile them. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> One who
pleads in behalf of another.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A bishop, who, during a
vacancy of the see, administers the bishopric till a successor is
installed.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ces*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Intercessory.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ces"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>intercessorius</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, of the nature of, or
characterized by, intercession; interceding; as, <i>intercessory</i>
prayer.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*chain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interchained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interchaining</u>.] <def>To link together; to unite
closely or firmly, as by a chain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two bosoms <i>interchained</i> with an
oath.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*change"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interchanged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interchanging</u> (?).] [OE. <i>entrechangen</i>, OF.
<i>entrechangier</i>. See <u>Inter-</u>, and <u>Change</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put each in the place of the other; to
give and take mutually; to exchange; to reciprocate; as, to
<i>interchange</i> places; they <i>interchanged</i> friendly offices
and services.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall <i>interchange</i><BR>
My waned state for Henry's regal crown.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to follow alternately; to
intermingle; to vary; as, to <i>interchange</i> cares with
pleasures.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*change"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make an
interchange; to alternate.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*change"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>entrechange</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of mutually changing; the act of
mutually giving and receiving; exchange; as, the <i>interchange</i>
of civilities between two persons.</def> "<i>Interchange</i> of
kindnesses."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mutual exchange of commodities between
two persons or countries; barter; commerce.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Alternate succession; alternation; a
mingling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>interchanges</i> of light and
darkness.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet <i>interchange</i><BR>
Of hill and valley, rivers, woods, and plains.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*change`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state or quality of being interchangeable;
interchangeableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*change"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>entrechangeable</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Admitting of exchange or mutual
substitution.</def> "<i>Interchangeable</i> warrants."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Following each other in alternate
succession; as, the four <i>interchangeable</i> seasons.</def>
<i>Holder.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In`ter*change"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`ter*change"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*change"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>entrechangement</i>.] <def>Mutual transfer; exchange.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*chap"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
intervening or inserted chapter.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"ci*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Intercident</u>.] <def>The act or state of coming or falling
between; occurrence; incident.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"ci*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intercidens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>intercidere</i> to
fall between; <i>inter</i> between + <i>cadere</i> to fall.]
<def>Falling or coming between; happening accidentally.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cip"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intercipiens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>intercipere</i>. See
<u>Intercept</u>.] <def>Intercepting; stopping.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which, intercepts or stops
anything on the passage.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ci"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intercisio</i> a cutting through, fr. <i>intercidere</i> to cut
asunder.] <def>A cutting off, through, or asunder;
interruption.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cit"i*zen*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
mutual right to civic privileges, in the different States.</def>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*clav"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Episternum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cla*vic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Between the clavicles; as,
the <i>interclavicular</i> notch of the sternum.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the
interclavicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*close"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + <i>close</i>. See <u>Interclude</u>.] <def>To shut
in; to inclose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cloud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
cloud.</def> [R.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*clude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intercluded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intercluding</u>.] [L. <i>intercludere</i>,
<i>interclusum</i>; <i>inter</i> between + <i>claudere</i> to shut.
See <u>Close</u>, and cf. <u>Interclose</u>.] <def>To shut off or out
from a place or course, by something intervening; to intercept; to
cut off; to interrupt.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So all passage of external air into the receiver may
be <i>intercluded</i>.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*clu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interclusio</i>. See <u>Interclude</u>.] <def>Interception; a
stopping; obstruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*col*le"gi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Existing or carried on between colleges or universities; as,
<i>intercollegiate</i> relations, rivalry, games, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*col"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Situated between hills; -- applied especially to valleys lying
between volcanic cones.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*co*lo"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Between
or among colonies; pertaining to the intercourse or mutual relations
of colonies; as, <i>intercolonial</i> trade.</def> --
<wf>In`ter*co*lo"ni*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*co*lum"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Between
columns or pillars; as, the <i>intercolumnar</i> fibers of Poupart's
ligament; an <i>intercolumnar</i> statue.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*co*lum`ni*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The clear space between two columns, measured at
the bottom of their shafts.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p>&fist; It is customary to measure the intercolumniation in terms
of the diameter of the shaft, taken also at the bottom. Different
words, derived from the Greek, are in use to denote certain common
proportions. They are: <i>Pycnostyle</i>, when the intercolumniation
is of one and a half diameters; <i>Systyle</i>, of two diameters;
<i>Eustyle</i>, of two and a quarter diameters; <i>Diastyle</i>, of
three diameters; <i>Ar&aelig;ostyle</i>, of four or more, and so
great that a wooden architrave has to be used instead of stone;
<i>Ar&aelig;osystyle</i>, when the intercolumniations are alternately
systyle and ar&aelig;ostyle.</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*com"bat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Combat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*com"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
coming between; intervention; interference.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*com"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intercommoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intercommoning</u>.] [OF. <i>entrecommuner</i>. See
<u>Inter-</u>, and <u>Common</u>, and cf. <u>Intercommune</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To share with others; to participate;
especially, to eat at the same table.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>To graze cattle
promiscuously in the commons of each other, as the inhabitants of
adjoining townships, manors, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*com"mon*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>The right or privilege of intercommoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*com*mune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intercommuned</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Intercommuning</u>.] [Cf.
<u>Intercommon</u>, <u>Intercommunicate</u>, <u>Commune</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To intercommunicate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have mutual communication or
intercourse by conversation.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*com*mu"ni*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being mutually communicated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*com*mu"ni*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To communicate mutually; to hold mutual communication.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*com*mu"ni*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
communicate mutually; to interchange.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*com*mu`ni*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mutual communication.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*com*mun"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mutual
communion; as, an <i>intercommunion</i> of deities.</def>
<i>Faber.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*com*mu"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Intercommunication; community of possessions, religion,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In consequence of that <i>intercommunity</i> of
paganism . . . one nation adopted the gods of another.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*com*par"i*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mutual comparison of corresponding parts.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ter*con"dy*lar</hw> (?), <hw>In`ter*con"dy*loid</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between condyles; as, the
<i>intercondylar</i> fossa or notch of the femur.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*con*nect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
join together.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*con*nec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Connection between; mutual connection.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*con`ti*nen"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Between or among continents; subsisting or carried on between
continents; as, <i>intercontinental</i> relations or
commerce.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*con*vert"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Convertible the one into the other; as, coin and bank notes are
<i>interconvertible</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cos"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat. &
Physiol.)</i> <def>Between the ribs; pertaining to, or produced by,
the parts between the ribs; as, <i>intercostal</i> respiration, in
which the chest is alternately enlarged and contracted by the
<i>intercostal</i> muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*course</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly
<i>entercourse</i>, OF. <i>entrecours</i> commerce, exchange, F.
<i>entrecours</i> a reciprocal right on neighboring lands, L.
<i>intercursus</i> a running between, fr. <i>intercurrere</i> to run
between. See <u>Inter-</u>, and <u>Course</u>.] <def>A commingling;
intimate connection or dealings between persons or nations, as in
common affairs and civilities, in correspondence or trade;
communication; commerce; especially, interchange of thought and
feeling; association; communion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This sweet <i>intercourse</i><BR>
Of looks and smiles.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sexual intercourse</b></col>, <cd>sexual or carnal
connection; coition.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Communication; connection; commerce; communion;
fellowship; familiarity; acquaintance.</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cross"</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intercrossed</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Intercrossing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cross each other, as lines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To fertilize by the
impregnation of one species or variety by another; to impregnate by a
different species or variety.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*cross`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process
or result of cross fertilization between different kinds of animals,
or different varieties of plants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have reason to believe that occasional
<i>intercrosses</i> take place with all animals and
plants.</blockquote> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cru"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Between crura; -- applied especially to the interneural plates
in the vertebral column of many cartilaginous fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intercurrere</i>. See <u>Intercourse</u>.] <def>To intervene; to
come or occur in the meantime.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cur"rence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Intercurrent</u>.] <def>A passing or running between;
occurrence.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cur"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intercurrens</i>, p. pr. of <i>intercurrere</i>: cf. F.
<i>intercurrent</i>. See <u>Intercur</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Running between or among;
intervening.</def>  <i>Boyle. Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not
belonging to any particular season.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Said of diseases occurring in the course of another
disease.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cur"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
intervening.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*cu*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subcutaneous.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*dash"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interdashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interdashing</u>.] <def>To dash between or among; to
intersperse.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*deal"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
intrigue.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*den"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Situated between teeth; as, an
<i>interdental</i> space, the space between two teeth in a gear
wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Formed between the upper
and lower teeth; as, <i>interdental</i> consonants.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*den"til</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The space between two dentils.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*de*pend"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mutual
dependence.</def> "The <i>interdependence</i> of virtue and
knowledge."  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*de*pend"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mutual dependence; as, <i>interdependency</i> of
interests.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*de*pend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Mutually dependent.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*dict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interdicted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Interdicting</u>.] [OE. <i>entrediten</i> to forbid communion, L.
<i>interdicere</i>, <i>interdictum</i>. See <u>Interdict</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To forbid; to prohibit or debar; as, to
<i>interdict</i> intercourse with foreign nations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Charged not to touch the <i>interdicted</i>
tree.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To lay under an interdict;
to cut off from the enjoyment of religious privileges, as a city, a
church, an individual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An archbishop may not only excommunicate and
<i>interdict</i> his suffragans, but his vicar general may do the
same.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*dict`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>entredit</i>, <i>enterdit</i>, OF. <i>entredit</i>, F.
<i>interdit</i>, fr. L. <i>interdictum</i>, fr. <i>interdicere</i> to
interpose, prohibit; <i>inter</i> between + <i>dicere</i> to say. See
<u>Diction</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prohibitory order or decree; a
prohibition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These are not fruits forbidden; no
<i>interdict</i><BR>
Defends the touching of these viands pure.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A prohibition of the
pope, by which the clergy or laymen are restrained from performing,
or from attending, divine service, or from administering the offices
or enjoying the privileges of the church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>An order of the court
of session, having the like purpose and effect with a writ of
injunction out of chancery in England and America.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*dic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interdictio</i>: cf. F. <i>interdiction</i>.] <def>The act of
interdicting; prohibition; prohibiting decree; curse;
interdict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The truest issue of thy throne<BR>
By his own <i>interdiction</i> stands accurst.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*dict"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
power to prohibit; as, an <i>interdictive</i> sentence.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*dict"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interdictorius</i>.] <def>Belonging to an interdiction;
prohibitory.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*dig"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Between the fingers or toes; as, <i>interdigital</i>
space.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*dig"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
interweave.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*dig"i*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + L. <i>digitus</i> finger.] <def>To interlock, as the
fingers of two hands that are joined; to be interwoven; to
commingle.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*dig`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The state of interdigitating; interdigital
space.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*dome`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The open space between the inner and outer shells of a dome or
cupola of masonry.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*duce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>entre-
deux</i>, literally, between two.] <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>An
intertie.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*e*pim"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Between the epimeral plates of insects and
crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*e`qui*noc"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Coming between the equinoxes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Summer and winter I have called
<i>interequinoctial</i> intervals.</blockquote> <i>F.
Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Interest</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To interest or
affect.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*esse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Interest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*est</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interested</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interesting</u>.] [From <i>interess'd</i>, p. p. of
the older form <i>interess</i>, fr. F. <i>int&eacute;resser</i>, L.
<i>interesse</i>. See <u>Interest</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To engage the attention of; to awaken
interest in; to excite emotion or passion in, in behalf of a person
or thing; as, the subject did not <i>interest</i> him; to
<i>interest</i> one in charitable work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To love our native country . . . to be
<i>interested</i> in its concerns is natural to all men.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A goddess who used to <i>interest</i> herself in
marriages.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be concerned with or engaged in; to
affect; to concern; to excite; -- often used impersonally.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Or rather, gracious sir,<BR>
Create me to this glory, since my cause<BR>
Doth <i>interest</i> this fair quarrel.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause or permit to share.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The mystical communion of all faithful men is such as
maketh every one to be <i>interested</i> in those precious blessings
which any one of them receiveth at God's hands.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To concern; excite; attract; entertain; engage;
occupy; hold.</p>

<p><hw>In"ter*est</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>interest</i>, F.
<i>int&eacute;r&ecirc;t</i>, fr. L. <i>interest</i> it interests, is
of interest, fr. <i>interesse</i> to be between, to be difference, to
be importance; <i>inter</i> between + <i>esse</i> to be; cf. LL.
<i>interesse</i> usury. See <u>Essence</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Excitement of feeling, whether pleasant or
painful, accompanying special attention to some object;
concern.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Interest</i> expresses mental excitement of various
kinds and degrees. It may be intellectual, or sympathetic and
emotional, or merely personal; as, an <i>interest</i> in
philosophical research; an <i>interest</i> in human suffering; the
<i>interest</i> which an avaricious man takes in money getting.</p>

<p><blockquote>So much <i>interest</i> have I in thy
sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 777 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Participation in advantage, profit, and
responsibility; share; portion; part; as, an <i>interest</i> in a
brewery; he has parted with his <i>interest</i> in the
stocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Advantage, personal or general; good,
regarded as a selfish benefit; profit; benefit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Divisions hinder the common <i>interest</i> and public
good.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>interest</i> calls of all her sneaking
train.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Premium paid for the use of money, --
usually reckoned as a percentage; as, <i>interest</i> at five per
cent per annum on ten thousand dollars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have told their money, and let out<BR>
Their coin upon large <i>interest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any excess of advantage over and above an
exact equivalent for what is given or rendered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall have your desires with
<i>interest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The persons interested in any particular
business or measure, taken collectively; as, the iron
<i>interest</i>; the cotton <i>interest</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Compound interest</b></col>, <cd>interest, not only on the
original principal, but also on unpaid interest from the time it fell
due.</cd> -- <col><b>Simple interest</b></col>, <cd>interest on the
principal sum without interest on overdue interest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*est*ed</hw>
(&ibreve;n"t&etilde;r*&ebreve;st*&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Interest</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the attention engaged; having
emotion or passion excited; as, an <i>interested</i>
listener.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having an interest; concerned in a cause
or in consequences; liable to be affected or prejudiced; as, an
<i>interested</i> witness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*est*ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being interested; selfishness.</def>
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*est*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Engaging the
attention; exciting, or adapted to excite, interest, curiosity, or
emotion; as, an <i>interesting</i> story; <i>interesting</i>
news.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*est*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
interesting manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*est*ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition or quality of being interesting.</def>  <i>A.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fa"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>Included between two plane surfaces or faces; as, an
<i>interfacial</i> angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fas*cic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between fascicles or bundles; as, the
<i>interfascicular</i> spaces of connective tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fer"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One of the contestants in interference before the Patent
Office.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interfered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interfering</u>.] [OF. <i>entreferir</i> to strike
each other; <i>entre</i> between (L. <i>inter</i>) + OF. <i>ferir</i>
to strike, F. <i>f&eacute;rir</i>, fr. L. <i>ferire</i>. See
<u>Ferula</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come in collision; to be in opposition;
to clash; as, <i>interfering</i> claims, or commands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter into, or take a part in, the
concerns of others; to intermeddle; to interpose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>interfere</i> with party disputes.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was no room for anyone to <i>interfere</i> with
his own opinions.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strike one foot against the opposite
foot or ankle in using the legs; -- sometimes said of a human being,
but usually of a horse; as, the horse <i>interferes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>To act reciprocally, so
as to augment, diminish, or otherwise affect one another; -- said of
waves, rays of light, heat, etc. See <u>Interference</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Patent Law)</i> <def>To cover the same
ground; to claim the same invention.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To interpose; intermeddle. See
<u>Interpose</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fer"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Interfere</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of interfering; as, the
stoppage of a machine by the <i>interference</i> of some of its
parts; a meddlesome <i>interference</i> in the business of
others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The mutual influence,
under certain conditions, of two streams of light, or series of
pulsations of sound, or, generally, two waves or vibrations of any
kind, producing certain characteristic phenomena, as colored fringes,
dark bands, or darkness, in the case of light, silence or increased
intensity in sounds; neutralization or superposition of waves
generally.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is most commonly applied to light, and the
<i>undulatory</i> theory of light affords the proper explanation of
the phenomena which are considered to be produced by the
superposition of waves, and are thus substantially identical in their
origin with the phenomena of heat, sound, waves of water, and the
like.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Patent Law)</i> <def>The act or state of
interfering, or of claiming a right to the same invention.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Interference figures</b></col> <i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>the
figures observed when certain sections of crystallized bodies are
viewed in converging polarized light; thus, a section of a uniaxial
crystal, cut normal to the vertical axis, shows a series of
concentric colored rings with a single black cross; -- so called
because produced by the <i>interference</i> of luminous waves.</cd> -
- <col><b>Interference fringe</b></col>. <i>(Optics)</i> <cd>See
<u>Fringe</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fer"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
interferes.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fer"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By or with
interference.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*flow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flow
in.</def> [R.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*ter"flu*ent</hw> (?), <hw>In*ter"flu*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>interfluens</i>, p. pr., and
<i>interfluus</i>. See <u>Inter-</u>, and <u>Fluent</u>.]
<def>Flowing between or among; intervening.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fold"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<def>Intertwined; interlocked; clasped together.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fo`li*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + <i>foliaceous</i>: cf. F.
<i>interfoliac&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>At the same node with
opposite or whorled leaves, but occupying a position between their
places of attachment.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fo"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + L. <i>folium</i> leaf.] <def>To interleave.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fol*lic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between follicles; as, the <i>interfollicular</i>
septa in a lymphatic gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fret"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Interlaced; linked together; -- said of charges or bearings. See
<u>Fretted</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ful"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interfulgens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Inter-</u>, and <u>Fulgent</u>.]
<def>Shining between.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fuse"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interfusus</i>, p. p. of <i>interfundere</i> to pour between;
<i>inter</i> between + <i>fundere</i> to pour. See <u>Fuse</u> to
melt.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pour or spread between or among; to
diffuse; to scatter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ambient air, wide <i>interfused</i>,<BR>
Embracing round this florid earth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spread through; to permeate; to
pervade.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Keats, in whom the moral seems to have so perfectly
<i>interfused</i> the physical man, that you might almost say he
could feel sorrow with his hands.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mix up together; to associate.</def>
<i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interfusio</i>.] <def>The act of interfusing, or the state of
being interfused.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*gan`gli*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between and uniting the nervous ganglions; as,
<i>interganglionic</i> cords.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*glob"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between globules; -- applied esp. to certain
small spaces, surrounded by minute globules, in dentine.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*grave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Intergraved</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Intergraved</u> or <u>Intergraven</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Intergraving</u>.] <def>To grave
or carve between; to engrave in the alternate sections.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The work itself of the bases, was
<i>intergraven</i>.</blockquote> <i>3 Kings vii. 28 (Douay version.
)</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ter*he"mal</hw>, <hw>In`ter*h&aelig;"mal</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between the hemal arches or
hemal spines.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An interhemal spine
or cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*hy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Inter-</i> +
the Greek letter &?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
segment sometimes present at the proximal end of the hyoidean
arch.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An interhyal ligament or
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*im</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>inter</i>
between + <i>im</i>, an old accusative of <i>is</i> he, this,
that.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The meantime; time intervening; interval
between events, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>interim</i> is<BR>
Like a phantasms, or a hideous dream.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hist.)</i> <def>A name given to each of
three compromises made by the emperor Charles V. of Germany for the
sake of harmonizing the connecting opinions of Protestants and
Catholics.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*te"ri*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., compar. fr.
<i>inter</i> between: cf. F. <i>int&eacute;rieur</i>. See <u>Inter-
</u>, and cf. <u>Intimate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being within any limits, inclosure, or
substance; inside; internal; inner; -- opposed to <i>exterior</i>, or
<i>superficial</i>; as, the <i>interior</i> apartments of a house;
the <i>interior</i> surface of a hollow ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Remote from the limits, frontier, or
shore; inland; as, the <i>interior</i> parts of a region or
country.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Interior angle</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>an angle
formed between two sides, within any rectilinear figure, as a
polygon, or between two parallel lines by these lines and another
intersecting them; -- called also <i>internal angle</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Interior planets</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>those
planets within the orbit of the earth.</cd> -- <col><b>Interior
screw</b></col>, <cd>a screw cut on an interior surface, as in a nut;
a female screw.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Internal; inside; inner; inland; inward.</p>

<p><hw>In*te"ri*or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is within; the internal or inner part of a thing; the
inside.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The inland part of a country, state, or
kingdom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Department of the Interior</b></col>, <cd>that department
of the government of the United States which has charge of pensions,
patents, public lands and surveys, the Indians, education, etc.; that
department of the government of a country which is specially charged
with the internal affairs of that country; the home department.</cd>
-- <col><b>Secretary of the Interior</b></col>, <cd>the cabinet
officer who, in the United States, is at the head of the Department
of the Interior.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*te`ri*or"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being interior.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*te"ri*or*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Internally; inwardly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ter*ja"cence</hw> (?), <hw>In`ter*ja"cen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Interjacent</u>.] <def>The state of
being between; a coming or lying between or among; intervention;
also, that which lies between.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>England and Scotland is divided only by the
<i>interjacency</i> of the Tweed.</blockquote> <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ja"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interjacens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>interjacere</i> to
lie between; <i>inter</i> between + <i>jac&?;re</i> to lie.]
<def>Lying or being between or among; intervening; as,
<i>interjacent</i> isles.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*jac"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
ejaculate parenthetically.</def> [R.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*jan"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
a dissonant, discordant noise one with another; to talk or chatter
noisily.</def> [R.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ject"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interjected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Interjecting</u>.] [L. <i>interjectus</i>, p. p. of
<i>interjicere</i> to interject; <i>inter</i> between +
<i>jac&?;re</i> to throw. See <u>Jet</u> a shooting forth.] <def>To
throw in between; to insert; to interpose.</def>  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ject"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To throw one's
self between or among; to come between; to interpose.</def>  <i>Sir
G. Buck.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*jec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interjectio</i>: cf. F. <i>interjection</i>. See
<u>Interject</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of interjecting or throwing
between; also, that which is interjected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>interjection</i> of laughing.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word or form of speech
thrown in to express emotion or feeling, as <i>O</i>! <i>Alas</i>!
<i>Ha ha</i>! <i>Begone</i>! etc. Compare
<u>Exclamation</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>interjection</i> implies a meaning which it
would require a whole grammatical sentence to expound, and it may be
regarded as the rudiment of such a sentence. But it is a confusion of
thought to rank it among the parts of speech.</blockquote>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How now! <i>interjections</i>? Why, then, some be of
laughing, as, ah, ha, he!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*jec"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thrown in between other words or phrases;
parenthetical; ejaculatory; as, an <i>interjectional</i>
remark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or having the nature of, an
interjection; consisting of natural and spontaneous
exclamations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Certain of the natural accompaniments of
<i>interjectional</i> speech, such as gestures, grimaces, and
gesticulations, are restrained by civilization.</blockquote>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*jec"tion*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To convert into, or to use as, an interjection.</def>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*jec"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
interjectional manner.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*jec"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Interjectional.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*join"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interjoined</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Interjoining</u>.] [Pref. <i>inter + join</i>.] <def>To join
mutually; to unite.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*joist`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The space or interval between two
joists.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A middle joist or crossbeam.</def>  <i>De
Colange.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*junc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interjunctus</i>, p. p. of <i>interjungere</i> to join together.
See <u>Inter-</u>, and <u>Join</u>, and cf. <u>Interjoin</u>.] <def>A
mutual joining.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*knit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To knit
together; to unite closely; to intertwine.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*know"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To know
mutually.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*knowl"edge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mutual
knowledge or acquaintance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interlaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Interlacing</u> (?).] [OE. <i>entrelacen</i>,
F. <i>entrelacer</i>. See <u>Inter-</u>, and <u>Lace</u>.] <def>To
unite, as by lacing together; to insert or interpose one thing within
another; to intertwine; to interweave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Severed into stripes<BR>
That <i>interlaced</i> each other.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The epic way is everywhere <i>interlaced</i> with
dialogue.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Interlacing arches</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>arches,
usually circular, so constructed that their archivolts intersect and
seem to be interlaced.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lace"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>entrelacement</i>.] <def>The act of interlacing, or the state of
being interlaced; also, that which is interlaced.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ter*lam"el*lar</hw> (?), <hw>In`ter*lam"i*nar</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between lammell&aelig; or
lamin&aelig;; as, <i>interlamellar</i> spaces.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lam"i*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Placed
between, or containing, lamin&aelig; or plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lam`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being interlaminated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*lapse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>inter-
</i> + <i>lapse</i>: cf. L. <i>interlabi</i>, <i>interlapsus</i>, to
fall, slide, or flow, between.] <def>The lapse or interval of time
between two events.</def> [R.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interlarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Interlarding</u>.] [F. <i>entrelarder</i>. See <u>Inter-</u>, and
<u>Lard</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place lard or bacon amongst; to mix, as
fat meat with lean.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whose grain doth rise in flakes, with fatness
<i>interlarded</i>.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To insert between; to mix or
mingle; especially, to introduce that which is foreign or irrelevant;
as, to <i>interlard</i> a conversation with oaths or
allusions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The English laws . . . [were] mingled and
<i>interlarded</i> with many particular laws of their
own.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>interlard</i> their native drinks with
choice<BR>
Of strongest brandy.</blockquote> <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interlaid</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interlaying</u>.] <def>To lay or place among or
between.</def>  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*leaf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Interleaves</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Interleave</u>.] <def>A
leaf inserted between other leaves; a blank leaf inserted, as in a
book.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*leave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interleaved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interleaving</u>.] [Pref. <i>inter-</i> +
<i>leaf</i>.] <def>To insert a leaf or leaves in; to bind with blank
leaves inserted between the others; as, to <i>interleave</i> a
book.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*li"bel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To libel
mutually.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*line"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interlined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interlining</u>.] [Pref. <i>inter-</i> + <i>line</i>:
cf. LL. <i>interlineare</i>, F. <i>interlin&eacute;er</i>, OF.
<i>entreligner</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To write or insert between lines already
written or printed, as for correction or addition; to write or print
something between the lines of; as, to <i>interline</i> a page or a
book.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To arrange in alternate lines; as, to
<i>interline</i> Latin and English.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mark or imprint with lines.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A crooked wrinkle <i>interlines</i> my
brow.</blockquote> <i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ter*lin"e*al</hw> (?), <hw>In`ter*lin"e*ar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL. <i>interlinearis</i>, F.
<i>interlin&eacute;aire</i>.] <def>Contained between lines; written
or inserted between lines already written or printed; containing
interlineations; as, an <i>interlinear</i> manuscript, translation,
etc.</def> -- <wf>In`ter*lin"e*ar*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lin"e*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Interlinear.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book
containing interlineations.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lin`e*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>interlin&eacute;ation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of interlining.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is interlined; a passage, word,
or line inserted between lines already written or printed.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lin"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Correction
or alteration by writing between the lines; interlineation.</def>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*link"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To link
together; to join, as one chain to another.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*link"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
intermediate or connecting link.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lo"bar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Between lobes; as, the <i>interlobar</i> notch of the liver; the
<i>interlobar</i> ducts of a gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lob"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + <i>lobular</i>: cf. F. <i>interlobulaire</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between lobules; as, the <i>interlobular</i>
branches of the portal vein.</def></p>

<p><! p. 778 !></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lo*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
placing or coming between; interposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lock"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To unite,
embrace, communicate with, or flow into, one another; to be connected
in one system; to lock into one another; to interlace
firmly.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lock"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To unite by
locking or linking together; to secure in place by mutual
fastening.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My lady with her fingers
<i>interlocked</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lo*cu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interlocutio</i>, from <i>interloqui</i>, <i>interlocutus</i>, to
speak between; <i>inter</i> between + <i>loqui</i> to speak: cf. F.
<i>interlocution</i>. See <u>Loquacious</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Interchange of speech; dialogue;
conversation; conference.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An intermediate act or decree
before final decision.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, intermediate argument or
discussion.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*loc"u*tor</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>interlocuteur</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who takes part in dialogue or
conversation; a talker, interpreter, or questioner.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An interlocutory judgment or
sentence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*loc"u*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>interlocutorius</i>, F. <i>interlocutoire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or having the nature of,
dialogue; conversational.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Interlocutory</i> discourses in the Holy
Scriptures.</blockquote> <i>Fiddes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Intermediate; not final or
definitive; made or done during the progress of an action.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An order, sentence, decree, or judgment, given in an
intermediate stage between the commencement and termination of a
cause, is called <i>interlocutory</i>.</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*loc"u*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>interlocutoire</i>.] <def>Interpolated discussion or
dialogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*loc"u*trice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
female interlocutor.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lope"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interloped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interloping</u>.] [See <u>Interloper</u>.] <def>To
run between parties and intercept without right the advantage that
one should gain from the other; to traffic without a proper license;
to intrude; to forestall others; to intermeddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*lo`per</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + D. <i>looper</i> a runner, fr. <i>loopen</i> to run;
akin to E. <i>leap</i>. See <u>Leap</u>, and cf. <u>Elope</u>.]
<def>One who interlopes; one who unlawfully intrudes upon a property,
a station, or an office; one who interferes wrongfully or
officiously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The untrained man, . . . the <i>interloper</i> as to
the professions.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lu"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interlucatus</i>, p. p. of <i>interlucare</i>; <i>inter</i>
between + <i>lux</i>, <i>lucis</i>, light.] <def>To let in light
upon, as by cutting away branches.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lu*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interlucatio</i>.] <def>Act of thinning a wood to let in
light.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lu"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interlucens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Inter-</u>, and <u>Lucent</u>.]
<def>Shining between.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*lude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>enterlude</i>, LL. <i>interludium</i>; LL. <i>inter</i> between +
<i>ludus</i> play, fr. <i>ludere</i> to play: cf. F.
<i>interlude</i>. See <u>Ludicrous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short entertainment exhibited on the
stage between the acts of a play, or between the play and the
afterpiece, to relieve the tedium of waiting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dreams are but <i>interludes</i>, which fancy
makes<BR>
When monarch reason sleeps.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A form of English drama or play, usually
short, merry, and farcical, which succeeded the Moralities or Moral
Plays in the transition to the romantic or Elizabethan
drama.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short piece of
instrumental music played between the parts of a song or cantata, or
the acts of a drama; especially, in church music, a short passage
played by the organist between the stanzas of a hymn, or in German
chorals after each line.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*lu`ded</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inserted in
the manner of an interlude; having or containing
interludes.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*lu`der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An actor who
performs in an interlude.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*lu`en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interluens</i>, p. pr. of <i>interluere</i> to flow between;
<i>inter + luere</i>.] <def>A flowing between; intervening
water.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ter*lu"nar</hw> (?), <hw>In`ter*lu"na*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>inter-</i> + <i>lunar</i>: cf. L.
<i>interlunis</i>.] <def>Belonging or pertaining to the time when the
moon, at or near its conjunction with the sun, is invisible.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*man*dib"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between the mandibles; interramal; as, the
<i>intermandibular</i> space.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mar"riage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Connection by marriage; reciprocal marriage; giving and taking
in marriage, as between two families, tribes, castes, or
nations.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
connected by marriage between their members; to give and take
mutually in marriage; -- said of families, ranks, castes,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>About the middle of the fourth century from the
building of Rome, it was declared lawful for nobles and plebeians to
<i>intermarry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In`ter*max*il"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Intermaxill&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Premaxilla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Between the maxillary
bones.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the
intermaxill&aelig;.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
intermaxilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*mean`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
done in the meantime; interlude.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intermeare</i>, <i>intermeatum</i>; to go between; <i>inter</i>
between + <i>meare</i> to go.] <def>A flowing between.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*med"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>entremedlen</i>, <i>entermellen</i>, to mix together, OF.
<i>entremedler</i>, <i>entremeller</i>, <i>entremesler</i>, F.
<i>entrem&ecirc;ler</i>. See <u>Inter-</u>, and <u>Meddle</u>.]
<def>To meddle with the affairs of others; to meddle officiously; to
interpose or interfere improperly; to mix or meddle with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The practice of Spain hath been, by war and by
conditions of treaty, to <i>intermeddle</i> with foreign
states.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To interpose; interfere. See <u>Interpose</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*med"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
intermix; to mingle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many other adventures are
<i>intermeddled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*med"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
meddles with, or intrudes into, the affairs of others.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*med"dle*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inclined or disposed to intermeddle.</def> --
<wf>In`ter*med"dle*some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*med"dling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of improperly interfering.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*mede</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>interm&egrave;de</i>, fr. L. <i>inter</i> between + <i>medius</i>,
adj., middle; cf. It. <i>intermedio</i>.  Cf. <u>Intermezzo</u>.]
<def>A short musical dramatic piece, of a light and pleasing,
sometimes a burlesque, character; an interlude introduced between the
acts of a play or an opera.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me"di*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Intermediate</u>.] <def>Interposition; intervention.</def>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In`ter*me"di*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. L. <i>intermedius</i> intermedial.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The middle pair of tail feathers, or middle rectrices.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + <i>medial</i>: cf. L. <i>intermedius</i>.] <def>Lying
between; intervening; intermediate.</def> "<i>Intermedial</i>
colors."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Intermediate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me"di*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>interm&eacute;diaire</i>.] <def>Lying, coming, or done, between;
intermediate; as, an <i>intermediary</i> project.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Intermediary amputation</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>an
amputation for injury, performed after inflammation has set
in.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me"di*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Intermediaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who, or that which,
is intermediate; an interagent; a go-between.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + <i>mediate</i>: cf. F. <i>interm&eacute;diat</i>.]
<def>Lying or being in the middle place or degree, or between two
extremes; coming or done between; intervening; interposed;
interjacent; as, an <i>intermediate</i> space or time;
<i>intermediate</i> colors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Intermediate state</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>the
state or condition of the soul between the death and the resurrection
of the body.</cd> -- <col><b>Intermediate terms</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the terms of a progression or series between the
first and the last (which are called the <i>extremes</i>); the
means.</cd> -- <col><b>Intermediate tie</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Intertie</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
come between; to intervene; to interpose.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me"di*ate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
an intermediate manner; by way of intervention.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me`di*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of coming between; intervention; interposition.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me"di*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mediator.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intermedius</i>.] <def>Intermediate.</def> [R.]
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Intermediums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Intermedia</b></plw>
(#). [NL., neut. of L. <i>intermedius</i> intermediate.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Intermediate space.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An intervening agent or instrument.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The bone or cartilage
between the radiale and ulnare in the carpus, and between the tibiale
and fibulare in the tarsus. It corresponds to the lunar in the
carpus, and to a part of the astragalus in the tarsus of man and most
mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Intermeddle</u>.] <def>To intermeddle; to intermix.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Fisher.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mem"bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Between members or limbs; as, <i>intermembral</i> homology, the
correspondence of the limbs with each other.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mem"bra*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Within or beneath a membrane; as,
<i>intermembranous</i> ossification.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>enterment</i>, F. <i>enterrement</i>. See <u>Inter</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>The act or ceremony of depositing a dead body in
the earth; burial; sepulture; inhumation.</def>  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*men"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
mention among other things, or casually or incidentally.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mes`en*ter"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Within the mesentery; as, the
<i>intermesenteric</i>, or aortic, plexus.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me`ta*car"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between the metacarpal bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*me`ta*tar"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between the metatarsal bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`ter*mez"zo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Intermede</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An interlude; an intermede. See
<u>Intermede</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mi"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intermicare</i>; <i>inter-</i> between + <i>micare</i> to
glitter.] <def>To flash or shine between or among.</def> [R.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
shining between or among.</def> [R.]  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mi*gra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reciprocal migration; interchange of dwelling place by
migration.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"mi*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interminabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>interminable</i>. See
<u>Terminate</u>.] <def>Without termination; admitting no limit;
boundless; endless; wearisomely protracted; as, <i>interminable</i>
space or duration; <i>interminable</i> sufferings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That wild <i>interminable</i> waste of
waves.</blockquote> <i>Grainger.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Boundless; endless; limitless; illimitable;
immeasurable; infinite; unbounded; unlimited.</p>

<p><hw>In*ter"mi*na*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being endless.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"mi*na*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without end
or limit.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"mi*nate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interminatus</i>; <i>in-</i> not + <i>terminatus</i>, p. p. of
terminate.] <def>Endless; as, <i>interminate</i> sleep.</def>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>interminari</i>; <i>inter</i>
between + <i>minari</i> to threaten.] <def>To menace; to
threaten.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"mi*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Interminable; interminate; endless; unending.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interminatio</i>.] <def>A menace or threat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
intersect or penetrate with mines.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*min"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
mingle or mix together; to intermix.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*min"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be mixed
or incorporated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Party and faction will
<i>intermingle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*mise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>entremise</i>. See <u>Intermission</u>.] <def>Interference;
interposition.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intermissio</i>: cf. F. <i>intermission</i>. See
<u>Intermit</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or the state of intermitting; the
state of being neglected or disused; disuse; discontinuance.</def>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cessation for a time; an intervening
period of time; an interval; a temporary pause; as, to labor without
<i>intermission</i>; an <i>intermission</i> of ten minutes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rest or <i>intermission</i> none I find.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The temporary cessation or
subsidence of a fever; the space of time between the paroxysms of a
disease. <i>Intermission</i> is an entire cessation, as distinguished
from <i>remission</i>, or abatement of fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Intervention; interposition.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Heylin.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cessation; interruption; interval; pause; stop;
rest; suspension. See <u>Cessation</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mis"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
temporary cessations; not continual; intermittent.</def>
"<i>Intermissive</i> miseries." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Intermissive</i>
wars."  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intermitted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intermitting</u>.] [L. <i>intermittere</i>;
<i>inter</i> between + <i>mittere</i>, <i>missum</i>, to send: cf.
OE. <i>entremeten</i> to busy (one's self) with, F.
<i>s'entremettre</i>. See <u>Missile</u>.] <def>To cause to cease for
a time, or at intervals; to interrupt; to suspend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pray to the gods to <i>intermit</i> the
plague.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mit"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cease for a
time or at intervals; to moderate; to be intermittent, as a
fever.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mit"tence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>intermittence</i>.] <def>Act or state of intermitting;
intermission.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mit"tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intermittens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>intermittere</i>:
cf. F. <i>intermittent</i>.] <def>Coming and going at intervals;
alternating; recurrent; periodic; as, an <i>intermittent</i>
fever.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Intermittent fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a disease
with fever which recurs at certain intervals; -- applied particularly
to fever and ague. See <u>Fever</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Intermittent
gearing</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>gearing which receives, or
produces, intermittent motion.</cd> -- <col><b>Intermittent
springs</b></col>, <cd>springs which flow at intervals, not
apparently dependent upon rain or drought. They probably owe their
intermittent action to their being connected with natural reservoirs
in hills or mountains by passages having the form of a siphon, the
water beginning to flow when it has accumulated so as to fill the
upper part of the siphon, and ceasing when, by running through it, it
has fallen below the orifice of the upper part of the siphon in the
reservoir.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mit"tent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An intermittent fever or disease.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mit"tent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
intermissions; in an intermittent manner; intermittingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mit"ting*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
intermissions; at intervals.</def>  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mix
together; to intermingle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In yonder spring of roses, <i>intermixed</i><BR>
With myrtle, find what to redress till noon.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mix"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be mixed
together; to be intermingled.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mix"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
mixed manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mix"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mass formed by mixture; a mass of
ingredients mixed.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Admixture; an additional
ingredient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this height of impiety there wanted not an
<i>intermixture</i> of levity and folly.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mo*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capacity of things to move among each other; as, the
<i>intermobility</i> of fluid particles.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mo*dil"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The space between two modillions.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mon"tane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + L. <i>montanus</i> belonging to a mountain, fr.
<i>mons</i>, <i>montis</i>, mountain.] <def>Between mountains; as,
<i>intermontane</i> soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mun"dane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being,
between worlds or orbs.</def> [R.] "<i>Intermundane</i> spaces."
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mun"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Intermundane.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying
between walls; inclosed by walls.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intermured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intermuring</u>.] [Pref. <i>inter-</i> + L.
<i>murus</i> wall.] <def>To wall in; to inclose.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mus"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between muscles; as, <i>intermuscular</i>
septa.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Interchange; mutual or reciprocal change.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*mu"tu*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Mutual.</def> [Obs.] <i>Daniel.</i> --
<wf>In`ter*mu"tu*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*tern"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>internus</i>:
cf. F. <i>interne</i>. See <u>Internal</u>.] <def>Internal.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tern"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>interne</i>. See
<u>Intern</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To put for safe keeping in
the interior of a place or country; to confine to one locality; as,
to <i>intern</i> troops which have fled for refuge to a neutral
country.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tern"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>internus</i>;
akin to <i>interior</i>. See <u>Interior</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inward; interior; being within any limit
or surface; inclosed; -- opposed to <i>external</i>; as, the
<i>internal</i> parts of a body, or of the earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Derived from, or dependent on, the thing
itself; inherent; as, the <i>internal</i> evidence of the divine
origin of the Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to its own affairs or
interests; especially, (said of a country) domestic, as opposed to
<i>foreign</i>; as, <i>internal</i> trade; <i>internal</i> troubles
or war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the inner being or the
heart; spiritual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With our Savior, <i>internal</i> purity is
everything.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Intrinsic; inherent; real.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>internal</i> rectitude of our actions in the
sight of God.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><! p. 779 !></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Lying toward the mesial
plane; mesial.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Internal angle</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>an interior
angle. See under <u>Interior</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Internal
gear</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a gear in which the teeth project
inward from the rim instead of outward.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inner; interior; inward; inland; inside.</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being internal or within; interiority.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"nal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inwardly; within the enveloping surface, or
the boundary of a thing; within the body; beneath the
surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Mentally; spiritually.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*na"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Between the nasal cavities; as, the <i>internasal</i>
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*na"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + <i>national</i>: cf. F. <i>international</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Between or among nations; pertaining to
the intercourse of nations; participated in by two or more nations;
common to, or affecting, two or more nations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or concerning the association called
the International.</def></p>

<p><col><b>International code</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a common
system of signaling adopted by nearly all maritime nations, whereby
communication may be had between vessels at sea.</cd> --
<col><b>International copyright</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Copyright</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>International law</b></col>,
<cd>the rules regulating the mutual intercourse of nations.
International law is mainly the product of the conditions from time
to time of international intercourse, being drawn from diplomatic
discussion, textbooks, proof of usage, and from recitals in treaties.
It is called <i>public</i> when treating of the relations of
sovereign powers, and <i>private</i> when of the relations of persons
of different nationalities. International law is now, by the better
opinion, part of the common law of the land.  Cf. <i>Conflict of
laws</i>, under <u>Conflict</u>.</cd>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*na"tion*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>internationale</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The International; an abbreviated from of
the title of the International Workingmen's Association, the name of
an association, formed in London in 1864, which has for object the
promotion of the interests of the industrial classes of all
nations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of the International
Association.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*na"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or principles of international
interests and intercourse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The doctrines or organization of the
International.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*na"tion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is versed in the principles of
international law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of the International; one who
believes in, or advocates the doctrines of, the
International.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*na"tion*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make international; to cause to affect the mutual relations
of two or more nations; as, to <i>internationalize</i> a principle of
law, or a philanthropic enterprise.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*na"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
international manner; from an international point of view.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*terne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Intern</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>That which is within; the interior.</def>
[Poetic]  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ter*ne"cia*ry</hw> (?), <hw>In`ter*ne"ci*nal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Internecine.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ne"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>internecinus</i> deadly, murderous, fr. <i>internecare</i> to
kill, to slaughter; <i>inter</i> between + <i>necare</i> to kill;
akin to Gr. &?; dead. See <u>Necromancy</u>.] <def>Involving, or
accompanied by, mutual slaughter; mutually destructive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Internecine</i> quarrels, horrible tumults, stain
the streets with blood.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ne"cion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>internecio</i>.] <def>Mutual slaughter or destruction;
massacre.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ne"cive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>internecivus</i>.] <def>Internecine.</def> [R.]  <i>Sydney
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*nec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>internectere</i> to bind together; <i>inter</i> between +
<i>nectere</i> to fasten.] <def>Intimate connection.</def> [Obs.]
<i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*neu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Between the neural arches or neural spines.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An interneural spine or
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being within; interiority.</def> [R.]  <i>H. Brooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tern"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>internement</i>. See <u>Intern</u>.] <def>Confinement within
narrow limits, -- as of foreign troops, to the interior of a
country.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*no"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to internodes; intervening between nodes or
joints.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*node`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>internodium</i>; <i>inter</i> between + <i>nodus</i> knot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The space between two nodes
or points of the stem from which the leaves properly arise.</def>
<i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A part between two joints;
a segment; specifically, one of the phalanges.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*no"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Internodal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*nun"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Internuncio</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an
internuncio.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Communicating or
transmitting impressions between different parts of the body; -- said
of the nervous system.</def>  <i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*nun"ciess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
messenger.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*nun"ci*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Internuncios</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>internuntius</i>;
<i>inter</i> between + <i>nuntius</i>, <i>nuncius</i>, messenger: cf.
It. <i>internunzio</i>. See <u>Nuncio</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A messenger between two parties.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A representative, or charg&eacute;
d'affaires, of the pope at a foreign court or seat of government,
ranking next below a nuncio.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This title was formerly given also to the Austrian envoy at
Constantinople.</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*nun"ci*o*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office or function of an internuncio.</def>  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In`ter*nun"ci*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Internuncio.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*o`ce*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Between
oceans; connecting oceans; as, <i>interoceanic</i> communication; an
<i>interoceanic</i> canal.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*oc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Between,
or within, the eyes; as, the <i>interocular</i> distance; situated
between the eyes, as the antenn&aelig; of some insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*o*per"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the interoperculum.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The interopercular bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`ter*o*per"cu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-la</b></plw> (-l&adot;). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
postero-inferior opercular bone, in fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*or"bit*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Between the orbits; as, the <i>interorbital</i>
septum.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*os"cu*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mutually touching or intersecting; as,
<i>interosculant</i> circles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Uniting two groups; -- said
of certain genera which connect family groups, or of species that
connect genera. See <u>Osculant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*os"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To kiss together to touch. See
<u>Osculate</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To have the character of,
or to lie between, two distinct groups.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ter*os"se*al</hw> (?), <hw>In`ter*os"se*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>inter-</i> + <i>osseous</i>: cf. F.
<i>interosseux</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated between bones; as,
an <i>interosseous</i> ligament.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place pales between or among; to separate
by pales.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To interweave or interlace.</def> [R.]
<i>Brende.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pa*ri"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between the parietal bones or cartilages; as, the
<i>interparietal</i> suture.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
interparietal bone or cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pause`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
intermission.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*peal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
interpel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pe*den"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between peduncles; esp., between the peduncles,
or crura, of the cerebrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interpellare</i>, <i>interpellatum</i>; <i>inter</i> between +
<i>pellare</i> (in comp.), akin to <i>pellere</i> to drive: cf. F.
<i>interpeller</i>.  Cf. <u>Interpellate</u>.] <def>To interrupt,
break in upon, or intercede with.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>interpelled</i> by many
businesses.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pel"lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interpellans</i>, p. pr. See <u>Interpel</u>.] <def>Interpelling;
interrupting.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, interpels.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pel"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Interpel</u>.] <def>To question imperatively, as a minister, or
other executive officer, in explanation of his conduct; -- generally
on the part of a legislative body.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pel*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interpellatio</i>: cf. F. <i>interpellation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of interpelling or interrupting;
interruption.</def> "Continual <i>interpellations</i>."  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of interposing or interceding;
intercession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Accepted by his <i>interpellation</i> and
intercession.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An act of interpellating, or of demanding
of an officer an explanation of his action; imperative or peremptory
questioning; a point raised in a debate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A official summons or citation.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pen"e*trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
penetrate between or within; to penetrate mutually.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>interpenetrates</i> my granite
mass.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pen"e*trate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
penetrate each the other; to penetrate between bodies or their
parts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Interpenetrating molding</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>in
late Gothic architecture, a decoration by means of moldings which
seem to pass through solid uprights, transoms, or other members;
often, two sets of architectural members penetrating one another, in
appearance, as if both had been plastic when they were put
together.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pen`e*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of penetrating between or within other substances; mutual
penetration.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pen"e*tra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Penetrating among or between other substances; penetrating each
the other; mutually penetrative.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pet"al*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + <i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Between the petals
of a flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pet"i*o*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Being between petioles.  Cf.
<u>Intrapetiolar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pha*lan"ge*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between phalanges; as, <i>interphalangeal</i>
articulations.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pi*las"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The interval or space between two
pilasters.</def>  <i>Elmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*place"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place
between or among; as, to <i>interplace</i> a name.</def> [R.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*plan"et*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Between planets; as, <i>interplanetary</i> spaces.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*play`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mutual action
or influence; interaction; as, the <i>interplay</i> of
affection.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*plead"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>To plead against each other, or go to trial between themselves,
as the claimants in an in an interpleader. See
<u>Interpleader</u>.</def> [Written also <i>enterplead</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*plead"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who interpleads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A proceeding devised to
enable a person, of whom the same debt, duty, or thing is claimed
adversely by two or more parties, to compel them to litigate the
right or title between themselves, and thereby to relieve himself
from the suits which they might otherwise bring against
him.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pledge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
pledge mutually.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*point"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To point;
to mark with stops or pauses; to punctuate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her sighs should <i>interpoint</i> her
words.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"po*la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may
be interpolated; suitable to be interpolated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A most <i>interpolable</i> clause of one
sentence.</blockquote> <i>De Morgan.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"po*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interpolated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interpolating</u>.] [L. <i>interpolatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>interpolare</i> to form anew, to interpolate, fr.
<i>interpolus</i>, <i>interpolis</i>, falsified, vamped up, polished
up; <i>inter</i> between + <i>polire</i> to polish. See
<u>Polish</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To renew; to carry on with
intermission.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Motion . . . partly continued and unintermitted, . . .
partly <i>interpolated</i> and interrupted.</blockquote> <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To alter or corrupt by the insertion of
new or foreign matter; especially, to change, as a book or text, by
the insertion of matter that is new, or foreign to the purpose of the
author.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How strangely Ignatius is mangled and
<i>interpolated</i>, you may see by the vast difference of all copies
and editions.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Athenians were put in possession of Salamis by
another law, which was cited by Solon, or, as some think,
<i>interpolated</i> by him for that purpose.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To fill up intermediate
terms of, as of a series, according to the law of the series; to
introduce, as a number or quantity, in a partial series, according to
the law of that part of the series.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"po*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inserted in, or added to, the original;
introduced; foisted in; changed by the insertion of new or spurious
matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Provided with necessary interpolations; as, an
<i>interpolated</i> table.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Introduced
or determined by interpolation; as, <i>interpolated</i> quantities or
numbers.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter`po*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interpolatio</i> an alteration made here and there: cf. F.
<i>interpolation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of introducing
or inserting anything, especially that which is spurious or
foreign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is introduced or inserted,
especially something foreign or spurious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bentley wrote a letter . . . . upon the scriptural
glosses in our present copies of Hesychius, which he considered
<i>interpolations</i> from a later hand.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The method or operation of
finding from a few given terms of a series, as of numbers or
observations, other intermediate terms in conformity with the law of
the series.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"po*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
corrupter: of. F. <i>interpolateur</i>.] <def>One who interpolates;
esp., one who inserts foreign or spurious matter in genuine
writings.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interponere</i>; <i>inter</i> between + <i>ponere</i> to place.
See <u>Position</u>.] <def>To interpose; to insert or place
between.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*po"nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, interposes; an interloper, an opponent.</def> [R.]
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pos"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Interpose</u>.] <def>The act of interposing; interposition;
intervention.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interposing</u>.] [F. <i>interposer</i>. See
<u>Inter-</u>, and <u>Pose</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place between; as, to <i>interpose</i>
a screen between the eye and the light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mountains <i>interposed</i><BR>
Make enemies of nations.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrust; to intrude; to put between,
either for aid or for troubling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What watchful cares do <i>interpose</i> themselves<BR>
Betwixt your eyes and night?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The common Father of mankind seasonably
<i>interposed</i> his hand, and rescues miserable man.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To introduce or inject between the parts
of a conversation or argument.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be or come between.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Long hid by <i>interposing</i> hill or
wood.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To step in between parties at variance; to
mediate; as, the prince <i>interposed</i> and made peace.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter a sentiment by way of
interruption.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To intervene; intercede; mediate; interfere;
intermeddle.  -- To <u>Interpose</u>, <u>Intermeddle</u>,
<u>Interfere</u>. A man may often <i>interpose</i> with propriety in
the concerns of others; he can never <i>intermeddle</i> without being
impertinent or officious; nor can be <i>interfere</i> without being
liable to the same charge, unless he has rights which are interfered
with. "In our practical use, <i>interference</i> is something
offensive. It is the pushing in of himself between two parties on the
part of a third who was not asked, and is not thanked for his pains,
and who, as the feeling of the word implies, had no business there;
while <i>interposition</i> is employed to express the friendly,
peacemaking mediation of one whom the act well became, and who, even
if he was not specially invited thereunto, is still thanked for what
he has done." <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*pose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Interposition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, interposes or intervenes; an obstacle or interruption; a
mediator or agent between parties.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pos"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>interpositus</i>, p. p. of <i>interponere</i>. See
<u>Interposition</u>.] <def>An intermediate depot or station between
one commercial city or country and another.</def>
<i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*po*si"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interpositio</i> a putting between, insertion, fr.
<i>interponere</i>, <i>interpositum</i>: cf. F. <i>interposition</i>.
See <u>Interpone</u>, <u>Position</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of interposing, or the state of
being interposed; a being, placing, or coming between;
mediation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing interposed.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*po"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Interposition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*ter"pret</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interpreted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Interpreting</u>.] [F. <i>interpr&ecirc;ter</i>, L.
<i>interpretari</i>, p. p. <i>interpretatus</i>, fr. <i>interpres</i>
interpeter, agent, negotiator; <i>inter</i> between + (prob.) the
root of <i>pretium</i> price. See <u>Price</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To explain or tell the meaning of; to
expound; to translate orally into intelligible or familiar language
or terms; to decipher; to define; -- applied esp. to language, but
also to dreams, signs, conduct, mysteries, etc.; as, to
<i>interpret</i> the Hebrew language to an Englishman; to
<i>interpret</i> an Indian speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Emmanuel, which being <i>interpreted</i> is, God with
us.</blockquote> <i>Matt. i. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And Pharaoh told them his dreams; but there was none
that could <i>interpret</i> them unto Pharaoh.</blockquote> <i>Gen.
xli. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To apprehend and represent by means of
art; to show by illustrative representation; as, an actor
<i>interprets</i> the character of Hamlet; a musician
<i>interprets</i> a sonata; an artist <i>interprets</i> a
landscape.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To translate; explain; solve; render; expound;
elucidate; decipher; unfold; unravel.</p>

<p><hw>In*ter"pret</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act as an
interpreter.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"pret*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interpretabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>interpr&ecirc;table</i>.]
<def>Admitting of interpretation; capable of being interpreted or
explained.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"pre*ta*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interpretamentum</i>.] <def>Interpretation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 780 !></p>

<p><hw>In*ter`pre*ta"tion</hw>
(&ibreve;n*t&etilde;r`pr&esl;*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>interpretatio</i>: cf. F.
<i>interpr&eacute;tation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of interpreting; explanation of
what is obscure; translation; version; construction; as, the
<i>interpretation</i> of a foreign language, of a dream, or of an
enigma.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look how we can, or sad or merrily,<BR>
<i>Interpretation</i> will misquote our looks.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sense given by an interpreter;
exposition or explanation given; meaning; as, commentators give
various <i>interpretations</i> of the same passage of
Scripture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The power or explaining.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>An artist's way of
expressing his thought or embodying his conception of
nature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The act or process of
applying general principles or formul&aelig; to the explanation of
the results obtained in special cases.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Explanation; solution; translation; version; sense;
exposition; rendering; definition.</p>

<p><hw>In*ter"pre*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>interpr&eacute;tatif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Designed or fitted to interpret;
explanatory.</def> "<i>Interpretative</i> lexicography."
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to interpretation;
constructive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>interpretative</i> siding with
heresies.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"pre*ta*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
interpretation.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"pret*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>entrepreteur</i>, L. <i>interpretator</i>.] <def>One who or that
which interprets, explains, or expounds; a translator; especially, a
person who translates orally between two parties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We think most men's actions to be the
<i>interpreters</i> of their thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"pre*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Interpretative.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*pu"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Between the pubic bones or cartilages; as, the <i>interpubic</i>
disk.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*punc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interpunctio</i>, fr. <i>interpungere</i>, <i>interppunctum</i>,
to interpoint. See <u>Inter-</u>, and <u>Point</u>.] <def>The
insertion of points between words or sentences;
punctuation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ra"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Between
the radii, or rays; -- in zo&ouml;logy, said of certain parts of
radiate animals; as, the <i>interradial</i> plates of a
starfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ra"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>inter-
</i> + L. <i>ramus</i> a branch.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between rami or
branches; esp., between the mandibles, or rami of the lower jaw;
intermandibular.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*re*ceive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
receive between or within.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*re"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
interregnum.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*re"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
who discharges the royal functions during an interregnum.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*reg"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Interregnums</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. <i>inter</i> between +
<i>regnum</i> dominion, reign. See <u>Reign</u>, and cf.
<u>Interreign</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The time during which a throne is vacant
between the death or abdication of a sovereign and the accession of
his successor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any period during which, for any cause,
the executive branch of a government is suspended or
interrupted.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*reign`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>interr&egrave;gne</i>.] <def>An interregnum.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*re*lat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
mutual or reciprocal relation or parallelism; correlative.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*re*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mutual
or reciprocal relation; correlation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*re"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Between the kidneys; as, the <i>interrenal</i> body, an organ
found in many fishes.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
interrenal body.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*re*pel"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Mutually repellent.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
inters.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*rex`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Interrexes</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Interreges</b></plw>
(#). [L., fr. <i>inter</i> between + <i>rex</i> king.] <def>An
interregent, or a regent.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"ro*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interrogating</u> (?).] [L. <i>interrogatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>interrogare</i> to ask; <i>inter</i> between +
<i>rogare</i> to ask. See Rogation.] <def>To question formally; to
question; to examine by asking questions; as, to <i>interrogate</i> a
witness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wilt thou, uncalled, <i>interrogate</i>,<BR>
Talker! the unreplying Fate?</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To question; ask. See <u>Question</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*ter"ro*gate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ask
questions.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"ro*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
interrogation; a question.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter`ro*ga*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
is interrogated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter`ro*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interrogatio</i>: cf. F. <i>interrogation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of interrogating or questioning;
examination by questions; inquiry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A question put; an inquiry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A point, mark, or sign, thus [?],
indicating that the sentence with which it is connected is a
question. It is used to express doubt, or to mark a query. Called
also <i>interrogation point</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In works printed in the Spanish language this mark is not
only placed at the end of an interrogative sentence, but is also
placed, inverted [as thus (&iques;)], at the beginning.</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*rog"a*tive</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interrogativus</i>: cf. F. <i>interrogatif</i>.] <def>Denoting a
question; expressed in the form of a question; as, an
<i>interrogative</i> sentence; an <i>interrogative</i>
pronoun.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*rog"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>A word used in asking questions; as, <i>who</i>? <i>which</i>?
<i>why</i>?</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*rog"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
form of, or by means of, a question; in an interrogative
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"ro*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>interrogateur</i>.] <def>One who asks questions; a
questioner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*rog"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Interrogatories</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>interrogatoire</i>.] <def>A formal question or inquiry; esp.
<i>(Law)</i>, a question asked in writing.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*rog"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interrogatorius</i>.] <def>Containing, expressing, or implying a
question; as, an <i>interrogatory</i> sentence.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*rupt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interrupted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Interrupting</u>.] [L. <i>interruptus</i>, p. p. of
<i>interrumpere</i> to interrupt; <i>inter</i> between +
<i>rumpere</i> to break. See <u>Rupture</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To break into, or between; to stop, or
hinder by breaking in upon the course or progress of; to interfere
with the current or motion of; to cause a temporary cessation of; as,
to <i>interrupt</i> the remarks of anyone speaking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not <i>interrupt</i> me in my course.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divide; to separate; to break the
monotony of; as, the evenness of the road was not <i>interrupted</i>
by a single hill.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*rupt"</hw>, <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interruptus</i>, p. p.] <def>Broken; interrupted.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*rupt"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Broken; intermitted; suddenly stopped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Irregular; -- said of any
arrangement whose symmetry is destroyed by local causes, as when
leaflets are interposed among the leaves in a pinnate leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*rupt"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
breaks or interruptions; discontinuously.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Interruptedly pinnate</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>pinnate
with small leaflets intermixed with large ones.</cd>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*rupt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, interrupts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A device for opening and
closing an electrical circuit; a vibrating spring or tuning fork,
arranged to make and break a circuit at rapidly recurring intervals,
by the action of the current itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*rup"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interruptio</i>: cf. F. <i>interruption</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of interrupting, or breaking in
upon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being interrupted; a breach
or break, caused by the abrupt intervention of something foreign;
intervention; interposition.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest the <i>interruption</i> of time cause you to lose
the idea of one part.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Obstruction caused by breaking in upon
course, current, progress, or motion; stop; hindrance; as, the author
has met with many <i>interruptions</i> in the execution of his work;
the speaker or the argument proceeds without
<i>interruption</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Temporary cessation; intermission;
suspension.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*rupt"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
interrupt; interrupting.</def> "<i>Interruptive</i> forces." <i>H.
Bushnell.</i> -- <wf>In`ter*rupt"ive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*scap"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between the scapul&aelig; or
shoulder blades.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
upper back, or the part between the shoulders; as, the
<i>interscapular</i> feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*scap"u*lars</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The interscapular feathers of a
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*scend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Inter-
</u>, and <u>Ascend</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Having exponents which
are radical quantities; -- said of certain powers; as,
<i>x<sup>&radic;2</sup></i>, or
<i>x<sup>&radic;a</sup></i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Interscendent series</b></col>, <cd>a series whose terms
are interscendent quantities.</cd>  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*scind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interscinded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interscinding</u>.] [L. <i>interscindere</i>;
<i>inter</i> between + <i>scindere</i> to cut.] <def>To cut
off.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interscribed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interscribing</u>.] [L. <i>interscribere</i>;
<i>inter</i> between + <i>scribere</i> to write.] <def>To write
between.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*se"cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intersecans</i>, p. pr. of <i>intersecare</i>. See
<u>Intersect</u>.] <def>Dividing into parts; crossing;
intersecting.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*sect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intersected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Intersecting</u>.] [L. <i>intersectus</i>, p. p. of
<i>intersecare</i> to intersect; <i>inter</i> + <i>secare</i> to cut.
See <u>Section</u>.] <def>To cut into or between; to cut or cross
mutually; to divide into parts; as, any two diameters of a circle
<i>intersect</i> each other at the center.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lands <i>intersected</i> by a narrow frith<BR>
Abhor each other.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*sect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cut
into one another; to meet and cross each other; as, the point where
two lines <i>intersect</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*sec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intersectio</i>: cf. F. <i>intersection</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act, state, or place of
intersecting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The point or line in which
one line or surface cuts another.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*sec"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or formed by, intersections.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*sem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interseminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>interseminare</i>. See <u>Inter-
</u>, and <u>Seminate</u>.] <def>To sow between or among.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*sep"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Between septa; as, the <i>interseptal</i> spaces or zones,
between the transparent, or septal, zones in striated muscle; the
<i>interseptal</i> chambers of a shell, or of a seed
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*sert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interserted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Interserting</u>.] [L. <i>intersertus</i>, p. p. of
<i>interserere</i> to intersert; <i>inter</i> between + <i>serere</i>
to join, weave.] <def>To put in between other things; to
insert.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Brerewood.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*sert"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of interserting, or that which is interserted.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ses"a*moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between sesamoid bones; as, <i>intersesamoid</i>
ligaments.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*set"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set
between or among.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*shock</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shock
mutually.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*si*de"re*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Between
or among constellations or stars; interstellar.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*so"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to the mutual intercourse or relations of persons in society;
social.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*som"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>inter-</i> + L. <i>somnus</i> sleep.] <def>Between the times of
sleeping; in an interval of wakefulness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In"ter*space`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interspatium</i>. See <u>Inter-</u>, and <u>Space</u>.]
<def>Intervening space.</def>  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*speech`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A speech
interposed between others.</def> [R.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*sperse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interspersed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Interspersing</u>.] [L. <i>interspersus</i>
interspersed; <i>inter</i> between, among + <i>spargere</i> to
scatter. See <u>Sparse</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scatter or set here and there among
other things; to insert at intervals; as, to <i>intersperse</i>
pictures in a book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There, <i>interspersed</i> in lawns and op'ning
glades,<BR>
Thin trees arise that shun each other's shades.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To diversify or adorn with things set or
scattered at intervals; to place something at intervals in or among;
as, to <i>intersperse</i> a book with pictures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which space is <i>interspersed</i> with small islands
and rock.</blockquote> <i>Cook.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*sper"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of interspersing, or the state of being interspersed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ter*spi"nal</hw> (?), <hw>In`ter*spi"nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between spines; esp.,
between the spinous processes of the vertebral column.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*spi*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interspiratio</i>. See <u>Inter-</u>, and <u>Spirit</u>.]
<def>Spiritual inspiration at separate times, or at intervals.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*sta*pe"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear,
between the stapes and the mediostapedial.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The interstapedial part of the
columella.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*state`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to the mutual relations of States; existing between, or including,
different States; as, <i>interstate</i> commerce.</def>
<i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*stel"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Between or
among the stars; as, <i>interstellar</i> space.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*stel"la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Interstellar.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ster"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Between the sternal; -- said of certain
membranes or parts of insects and crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"stice</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Interstices</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>interstitium</i> a pause,
interval; <i>inter</i> between + <i>sistere</i> to set, fr.
<i>stare</i> to stand: cf. F. <i>interstice</i>. See
<u>Stand</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which intervenes between one thing
and another; especially, a space between things closely set, or
between the parts which compose a body; a narrow chink; a crack; a
crevice; a hole; an interval; as, the <i>interstices</i> of a
wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An interval of time; specifically <i>(R.
C. Ch.)</i>, in the plural, the intervals which the canon law
requires between the reception of the various degrees of
orders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nonobservance of the <i>interstices</i> . . . is a
sin.</blockquote> <i>Addis &amp; Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"sticed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided
with interstices; having interstices between; situated at
intervals.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*stinc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interstinctus</i>, p. p. of <i>interstinguere</i> to separate;
<i>inter + stinguere</i> to extinguish.] <def>Distinguishing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wallis.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*sti"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to interstices; intermediate; within the tissues; as,
<i>interstitial</i> cavities or spaces in the tissues of animals or
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*sti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
intervening period of time; interval.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*strat`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Stratification among or between other layers or
strata; also, that which is interstratified.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*strat"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Stratified among or between other bodies; as,
<i>interstratified</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*strat"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>To put or insert between other strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*talk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
converse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*tan"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
entangle; to intertwine.</def> "Moss and <i>intertangled</i> vines."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*tar"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Between the tarsal bones; as, the <i>intertarsal</i>
articulations.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*tex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intertexere</i>; <i>inter</i> between + <i>texere</i> to weave.]
<def>To intertwine; to weave or bind together.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*tex"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of interweaving, or the state of being interwoven; that which is
interwoven.</def> "Knit in nice <i>intertexture</i>."
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Skirted thick with <i>intertexture</i> firm<BR>
Of thorny boughs.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*tho*rac"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In the
thorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*tie`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>In any framed work, a horizontal tie other than sill and plate
or other principal ties, securing uprights to one another.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*tis"sued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Interwoven.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*traf"fic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mutual
trade of traffic.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*tran*spic"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Transpicuous within or between.</def> [R.]  <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*trans*verse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Between the transverse processes of the
vertebr&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`ter*tri"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>inter</i> between + <i>terere</i>, <i>tritum</i>, to rub.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A rubbing or chafing of the skin; especially, an
abrasion or excoriation of the skin between folds, as in fat or
neglected children.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*tro`chan*ter"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between the trochanters of the femur.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*trop"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated
between or within the tropics.</def>  <i>J. Morse.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*tu"bu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Between
tubes or tubules; as, <i>intertubular</i> cells; <i>intertubular</i>
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*twine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To unite
by twining one with another; to entangle; to interlace.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*twine"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be twined
or twisted together; to become mutually involved or
enfolded.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*twine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
intertwining, or the state of being intertwined.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*twin"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
intertwining or being intertwined.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*twist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To twist
together one with another; to intertwine.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*twist"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
intertwisting, or being intertwisted.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ter*un"gu*lar</hw> (?), <hw>In`ter*un"gu*late</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between ungul&aelig;; as,
<i>interungular</i> glands.</def></p>

<p><! p. 781 !></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*val</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intervallum</i>; <i>inter</i> between + <i>vallum</i> a wall: cf.
F. <i>intervalle</i>. See <u>Wall</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A space between things; a void space
intervening between any two objects; as, an <i>interval</i> between
two houses or hills.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'Twixt host and host but narrow space was left,<BR>
A dreadful <i>interval</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Space of time between any two points or
events; as, the <i>interval</i> between the death of Charles I. of
England, and the accession of Charles II.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A brief space of time between the
recurrence of similar conditions or states; as, the <i>interval</i>
between paroxysms of pain; <i>intervals</i> of sanity or
delirium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Difference in pitch between
any two tones.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At intervals</b></col>, <cd>coming or happening with
intervals between; now and then.</cd> "And Miriam watch'd and dozed
<i>at intervals</i>." <i>Tennyson.</i> -- <col><b>Augmented
interval</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an interval increased by half a
step or half a tone.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>In"ter*val</hw> (?), <hw>In"ter*vale</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tract of low ground between hills, or
along the banks of a stream, usually alluvial land, enriched by the
overflowings of the river, or by fertilizing deposits of earth from
the adjacent hills.  Cf. <u>Bottom</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
7.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The woody <i>intervale</i> just beyond the marshy
land.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In`ter*val"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Intervallums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Intervalla</b></plw>
(#). [L.] <def>An interval.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And a' shall laugh without
<i>intervallums</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In one of these <i>intervalla</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chillingworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*va"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To alter
or vary between; to change.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*veined"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Intersected, as with veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*vene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intervened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intervening</u>.] [L. <i>intervenire</i>,
<i>interventum</i>, to intervene, to hinder; <i>inter</i> between +
<i>venire</i> to come; akin to E. <i>come</i>: cf. F.
<i>intervenir</i>. See <u>Come</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come between, or to be between, persons
or things; -- followed by <i>between</i>; as, the Mediterranean
<i>intervenes</i> between Europe and Africa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To occur, fall, or come between, points of
time, or events; as, an instant <i>intervened</i> between the flash
and the report; nothing <i>intervened</i> ( <i>i. e.</i>, between the
intention and the execution) to prevent the undertaking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To interpose; as, to <i>intervene</i> to
settle a quarrel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In a suit to which one has not been made a
party, to put forward a defense of one's interest in the   subject
matter.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*vene"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To come
between.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Self-sown woodlands of birch, alder, etc.,
<i>intervening</i> the different estates.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*vene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coming
between; intervention; meeting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ven"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
intervenes; especially <i>(Law)</i>, a person who assumes a part in a
suit between others.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ter*ven"ience</hw> (?), <hw>In`ter*ven"ien*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Intervention; interposition.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ven"ient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interveniens</i>, p. pr. of <i>intervenire</i>.] <def>Being or
coming between; intercedent; interposed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*vent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Intervene</u>.] <def>To thwart; to obstruct.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ven"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>interventio</i> an interposition: cf. F. <i>intervention</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of intervening;
interposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sound is shut out by the <i>intervention</i> of that
lax membrane.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any interference that may affect the
interests of others; especially, of one or more states with the
affairs of another; mediation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us decide our quarrels at home, without the
<i>intervention</i>, of any foreign power.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>The act by which a
third person, to protect his own interest, interposes and becomes a
party to a suit pending between other parties.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ven"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>interventeur</i>.] <def>One who intervenes; a mediator; especially
<i>(Eccles. Hist.)</i>, a person designated by a church to reconcile
parties, and unite them in the choice of officers.</def>
<i>Coleman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ven*tric"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between the ventricles; as, the
<i>interventricular</i> partition of the heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ven"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Intervene</u>, <u>Avenue</u>.] <def>Interposition.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir H. Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intervertere</i>; <i>inter</i> between + <i>vertere</i> to turn.]
<def>To turn to another course or use.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ver"te*bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between vertebr&aelig;.</def> --
<wf>In`ter*ver"te*bral*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*view</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>entrevue</i>, fr. <i>entrevoir</i> to see imperfectly, to have a
glimpse of, <i>s'entrevoir</i> to visit each other. See <u>Inter-
</u>, and <u>View</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mutual sight or view; a meeting face to
face; usually, a formal or official meeting for consultation; a
conference; as, the secretary had an <i>interview</i> with the
President.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A conversation, or questioning, for the
purpose of eliciting information for publication; the published
statement so elicited.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A recent use, originating in American newspapers, but
apparently becoming general.</p>

<p><hw>In"ter*view</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To have an
interview with; to question or converse with, especially for the
purpose of obtaining information for publication.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><hw>In"ter*view`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
interviews; especially, one who obtains an interview with another for
the purpose of eliciting his opinions or obtaining information for
publication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It would have made him the prince of
<i>interviewers</i> in these days.</blockquote> <i>Leslie
Stephen.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*view`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
custom of holding an interview or interviews.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An article on <i>interviewing</i> in the "Nation" of
January 28, 1869, . . . was the first formal notice of the practice
under that name.</blockquote> <i>The American.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*vis"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Surv.)</i>
<def>Mutually visible, or in sight, the one from the other, as
stations.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*vis"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
exchange visits.</def> [R.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*vi"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Between two
lives.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Through all its [the spirit's] <i>intervital</i>
gloom.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*vo*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being intervolved or coiled up; a convolution; as, the
<i>intervolutions</i> of a snake.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*volve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intervolved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intervolving</u>.] [Pref. <i>inter-</i> + L.
<i>volvere</i>, <i>volutum</i>, to roll.] <def>To involve one within
another; to twist or coil together.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*weave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& obs. p. p.</i></pos> <u>Interwove</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Interwoven</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Interweaving</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To weave together; to intermix or unite in
texture or construction; to intertwine; as, threads of silk and
cotton <i>interwoven</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under the hospitable covert nigh<BR>
Of trees thick <i>interwoven</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To intermingle; to unite intimately; to
connect closely; as, to <i>interweave</i> truth with falsehood.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Words <i>interwove</i> with sighs found out their
way.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*wish"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wish
mutually in regarded to each other.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*work"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
working in together; interweaving.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*world"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A world
between other worlds.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`ter*wove"</hw> (?), <hw>In`ter*wov"en</hw> (?), }
<def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Interweave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*wreathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
weave into a wreath; to intertwine.</def> [R.]  <i>Lovelace.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tes"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intestabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>intestable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Testable</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Not capable of making a will;
not legally qualified or competent to make a testament.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tes"ta*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Intestate</u>.] <def>The state of being intestate, or of dying
without having made a valid will.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tes"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intestatus</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>testatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>testari</i> to make a will: cf. F. <i>intestat</i>. See
<u>Testament</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without having made a valid will; without
a will; as, to die <i>intestate</i>.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Airy succeeders of <i>intestate</i> joys.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not devised or bequeathed; not disposed of
by will; as, an <i>intestate</i> estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tes"tate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
person who dies without making a valid will.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tes"ti*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>intestinal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the intestines of an
animal; as, the <i>intestinal</i> tube; <i>intestinal</i> digestion;
<i>intestinal</i> ferments.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Intestinal canal</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Intestine</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Intestinal worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of helminth living in the
intestinal canal of any animal.  The species are numerous.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*tes"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intestinus</i>, fr. <i>intus</i> on the inside, within, fr.
<i>in</i> in: cf. F. <i>intestine</i>. See <u>In</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Internal; inward; -- opposed to
<i>external</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Epilepsies, fierce catarrhs,<BR>
<i>Intestine</i> stone and ulcers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Internal with regard to a state or
country; domestic; not foreign; -- applied usually to that which is
evil; as, <i>intestine</i> disorders, calamities, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hoping here to end<BR>
<i>Intestine</i> war in heaven, the arch foe subdued.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>intestine</i> struggle . . . between authority
and liberty.</blockquote> <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Depending upon the internal constitution
of a body or entity; subjective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Everything labors under an <i>intestine</i>
necessity.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Shut up; inclosed.</def> [R.]
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tes"tine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Intestines</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>intestinum</i>: cf.  F.
<i>intestin</i>. See <u>Intestine</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>That part of the alimentary
canal between the stomach and the anus. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<i>Digestive apparatus</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The bowels; entrails;
viscera.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Large intestine</b></col> <i>(Human Anat. &amp; Med.)</i>,
<cd>the lower portion of the bowel, terminating at the anus. It is
adapted for the retention of fecal matter, being shorter, broader,
and less convoluted than the <i>small intestine</i>; it consists of
three parts, the c&aelig;cum, colon, and rectum.</cd> --
<col><b>Small intestine</b></col> <i>(Human Anat. &amp; Med.)</i>,
<cd>the upper portion of the bowel, in which the process of digestion
is practically completed. It is narrow and contorted, and consists of
three parts, the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"text</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The text of a
book.</def> [R.]  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tex"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>In</i>fine +
<i>extine</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A thin membrane existing in the
pollen grains of some plants, and situated between the extine and the
intine, as in <i>&OElig;nothera</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tex"tured</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inwrought; woven in.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*thirst"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
thirsty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*thrall"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inthralled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inthralling</u>.] [Cf. <u>Enthrall</u>.] [Written
also <i>inthral</i>, <i>enthral</i>, and <i>enthrall</i>.] <def>To
reduce to bondage or servitude; to make a thrall, slave, vassal, or
captive of; to enslave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She soothes, but never can <i>inthrall</i> my
mind.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*thrall"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>inthralment</i>, <i>enthrallment</i>.] <def>Act of inthralling, or
state of being inthralled; servitude; bondage; vassalage.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*throne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Enthrone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*throng"</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
throng or collect together.</def> [R.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*thron`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>inthronizatio</i>.] <def>Enthronement.</def>  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*thron"ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>inthronisare</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Enthrone</u>.] <def>To
enthrone.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tice"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Entice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ti*ma*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Intimacies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Intimate</u>.] <def>The
state of being intimate; close familiarity or association; nearness
in friendship.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Acquaintance; familiarity; fellowship; friendship.
See <u>Acquaintance</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Formerly
<i>intime</i>, L. <i>intimus</i>, a superl. corresponding to the
compar. <i>interior</i>: cf. F. <i>intime</i>. The form
<i>intimate</i> is due to confusion with <i>intimate</i>, v. t. See
<u>Interior</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Innermost; inward; internal; deep-seated;
hearty.</def> "I knew from <i>intimate</i> impulse."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Near; close; direct; thorough;
complete.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was honored with an <i>intimate</i> and immediate
admission.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Close in friendship or acquaintance;
familiar; confidential; as, an <i>intimate</i> friend.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Familiar; near; friendly; confidential.</p>

<p><hw>In"ti*mate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An intimate friend
or associate; a confidant.</def>  <i>Gov. of the Tongue.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intimated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intimating</u>.] [L. <i>intimatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>intimare</i> to put, bring, drive, or press into, to announce,
make known, from <i>intimus</i> the inmost. See <u>Intimate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To announce; to declare; to publish; to
communicate; to make known.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He, incontinent, did proclaim and <i>intimate</i> open
war.</blockquote> <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So both conspiring 'gan to <i>intimate</i><BR>
Each other's grief.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suggest obscurely or indirectly; to
refer to remotely; to give slight notice of; to hint; as, he
<i>intimated</i> his intention of resigning his office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The names of simple ideas and substances, with the
abstract ideas in the mind, <i>intimate</i> some real existence, from
which was derived their original pattern.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ti*mate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
intimate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ti*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intimatio</i>: cf. F. <i>intimation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of intimating; also, the thing
intimated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Announcement; declaration.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They made an edict with an <i>intimation</i> that
whosoever killed a stork, should be banished.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hint; an obscure or indirect suggestion
or notice; a remote or ambiguous reference; as, he had given only
<i>intimations</i> of his design.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without mentioning the king of England, or giving the
least <i>intimation</i> that he was sent by him.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"time</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Intimate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Inward; internal; intimate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tim"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intimidated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intimidating</u> (?).] [LL. <i>intimidatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>intimidare</i> to frighten; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>timidus</i> fearful, timid: cf. F. <i>intimider</i>. See
<u>Timid</u>.] <def>To make timid or fearful; to inspire of affect
with fear; to deter, as by threats; to dishearten; to
abash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now guilt, once harbored in the conscious breast,<BR>
<i>Intimidates</i> the brave, degrades the great.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dishearten; dispirit; abash; deter; frighten;
terrify; daunt; cow.</p>

<p><hw>In*tim`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>intimidation</i>.] <def>The act of making timid or fearful or of
deterring by threats; the state of being intimidated; as, the voters
were kept from the polls by <i>intimidation</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king carried his measures in Parliament by
<i>intimidation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tim"i*da*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
or serving to intimidate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tinc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intinctio</i>, fr. <i>intingere</i> to dip in; pref. <i>in-</i> in
+ <i>tingere</i> to tinge.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of tingeing or dyeing.</def>
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A method or practice of the
administration of the sacrament by dipping the bread or wafer in the
wine and administering both together.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tinc*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + L. <i>tinctus</i>, p. p. of <i>tingere</i> to tinge]
<def>The want of the quality of coloring or tingeing other
bodies.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>intus</i>
within.  Cf. <u>Extine</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A transparent,
extensible membrane of extreme tenuity, which forms the innermost
coating of grains of pollen.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>In*tire"ly</hw>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Entire</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Entirely</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>In*ti"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Entitle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tit"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intituled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intituling</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>intituler</i>. See
<u>Entitle</u>.] <def>To entitle; to give a title to.</def>
<i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [<i>In</i> +
<i>to</i>.] <def>To the inside of; within. It is used in a variety of
applications.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Expressing entrance, or a passing from the
outside of a thing to its interior parts; -- following verbs
expressing motion; as, come <i>into</i> the house; go <i>into</i> the
church; one stream falls or runs <i>into</i> another; water enters
<i>into</i> the fine vessels of plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing penetration beyond the outside
or surface, or access to the inside, or contents; as, to look
<i>into</i> a letter or book; to look <i>into</i> an
apartment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Indicating insertion; as, to infuse more
spirit or animation <i>into</i> a composition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Denoting inclusion; as, put these ideas
<i>into</i> other words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Indicating the passing of a thing from one
form, condition, or state to another; as, compound substances may be
resolved <i>into</i> others which are more simple; ice is convertible
<i>into</i> water, and water <i>into</i> vapor; men are more easily
drawn than forced <i>into</i> compliance; we may reduce many distinct
substances <i>into</i> one mass; men are led by evidence <i>into</i>
belief of truth, and are often enticed <i>into</i> the commission of
crimes; she burst <i>into</i> tears; children are sometimes
frightened <i>into</i> fits; all persons are liable to be seduced
<i>into</i> error and folly.</def></p>

<p>Compare <u>In</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*tol`er*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being intolerable; intolerableness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*tol"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>intol&eacute;rable</i>, L. <i>intolerabilis</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Tolerable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not tolerable; not capable of being borne
or endured; not proper or right to be allowed; insufferable;
insupportable; unbearable; as, <i>intolerable</i> pain;
<i>intolerable</i> heat or cold; an <i>intolerable</i>
burden.</def></p>

<p><! p. 782 !></p>

<p><blockquote>His insolence is more <i>intolerable</i><BR>
Than all the princes in the land beside.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Enormous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>intolerable</i> deal of sack.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*tol"er*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*tol"er*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*tol"er*ance</hw>
(&ibreve;n*t&obreve;l"&etilde;r*<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intolerantia</i> impatience, unendurableness: cf. F.
<i>intol&eacute;rance</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of capacity to endure; as,
<i>intolerance</i> of light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being intolerant; refusal
to allow to others the enjoyment of their opinions, chosen modes of
worship, and the like; want of patience and forbearance;
illiberality; bigotry; as, <i>intolerance</i> shown toward a
religious sect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These few restrictions, I hope, are no great stretches
of <i>intolerance</i>, no very violent exertions of
despotism.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tol"er*an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Intolerance.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tol"er*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intolerans</i>, <i>-antis</i>: cf. F. <i>intol&eacute;rant</i>.
See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Tolerant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not enduring; not able to
endure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The powers of human bodies being limited and
<i>intolerant</i> of excesses.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not tolerating difference of opinion or
sentiment, especially in religious matters; refusing to allow others
the enjoyment of their opinions, rights, or worship; unjustly
impatient of the opinion of those disagree with us; not tolerant;
unforbearing; bigoted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Religion, harsh, <i>intolerant</i>, austere,<BR>
Parent of manners like herself severe.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tol"er*ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An intolerant
person; a bigot.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tol"er*ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
intolerant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tol"er*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
tolerated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tol"er*a`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Intolerant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*tol`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Intolerance; want of toleration; refusal to tolerate a
difference of opinion.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tomb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Intombed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Intombing</u>.] <def>To place in a tomb; to bury; to entomb. See
<u>Entomb</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tomb"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Entombment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"to*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intonatus</i>, p. p. of <i>intonare</i> to thunder, resound.]
<def>To thunder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"to*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Intonated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Intonating</u> (?).] [See <u>Intone</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To sound the tones of the
musical scale; to practice the sol-fa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To modulate the voice in a musical,
sonorous, and measured manner, as in reading the liturgy; to
intone.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"to*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter in a
musical or sonorous manner; to chant; as, to <i>intonate</i> the
liturgy.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`to*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Intonate</u>.] <def>A thundering; thunder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`to*na"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>intonation</i>. See <u>Intone</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of sounding the tones of the musical
scale.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Singing or playing in good tune
or otherwise; as, her <i>intonation</i> was false.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Reciting in a musical prolonged tone;
intonating, or singing of the opening phrase of a plain-chant, psalm,
or canticle by a single voice, as of a priest. See <u>Intone</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def>
</p>

<p><hw>In*tone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Intoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Intoning</u>.] [LL. <i>intonare</i>, <i>intonatum</i>; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + L. <i>tonus</i> tone. See <u>Tone</u> and cf.
<u>Entune</u>, <u>Intonate</u>.] <def>To utter with a musical or
prolonged note or tone; to chant; as, to <i>intone</i> the church
service.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tone"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter a
prolonged tone or a deep, protracted sound; to speak or recite in a
measured, sonorous manner; to intonate.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tor"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>intortio</i>
a curling, crisping: cf. F. <i>intorsion</i>. See <u>Intort</u>, and
cf. <u>Intortion</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A winding, bending, or twisting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The bending or twining of
any part of a plant toward one side or the other, or in any direction
from the vertical.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tort"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Intorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Intorting</u>.] [L. <i>intortus</i>, p. p. of <i>intoquere</i> to
twist; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>torquere</i> to twist.] <def>To twist
in and out; to twine; to wreathe; to wind; to wring.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tor"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Intorsion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tox"i*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
intoxicates; an intoxicating agent; as, alcohol, opium, and laughing
gas are <i>intoxicants</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tox"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>intoxicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>intoxicare</i> to drug or poison;
pref. <i>in-</i> in + L. <i>toxicum</i> a poison in which arrows were
dipped, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; pertaining to a bow. See <u>Toxic</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Intoxicated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Overexcited, as with joy or
grief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alas, good mother, be not <i>intoxicate</i> for
me;<BR>
I am well enough.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tox"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intoxicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intoxicating</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To poison; to drug.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make drunk; to inebriate; to excite or
to stupefy by strong drink or by a narcotic substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With new wine <i>inoxicated</i> both.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To excite to a transport of enthusiasm,
frenzy, or madness; to elate unduly or excessively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Intoxicated</i> with the sound of those very
bells.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are not <i>intoxicated</i> by military
success.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thuc. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tox"i*ca`ted*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being intoxicated; intoxication; drunkenness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*tox"i*ca`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing
intoxication; fitted to intoxicate; as, <i>intoxicating</i>
liquors.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tox`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A poisoning, as by a spirituous
or a narcotic substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being intoxicated or drunk;
inebriation; ebriety; drunkenness; the act of intoxicating or making
drunk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A high excitement of mind; an elation
which rises to enthusiasm, frenzy, or madness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That secret <i>intoxication</i> of
pleasure.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Drunkenness; inebriation; inebriety; ebriety;
infatuation; delirium. See <u>Drunkenness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||In"tra-</hw> (?). [L. <i>intra</i>, prep., within, on the
inside; akin to <i>inter</i>. See <u>Inter-</u>.] <def>A prefix
signifying <i>in</i>, <i>within</i>, <i>interior</i>; as,
<i>intra</i>ocular, within the eyeball;
<i>intra</i>marginal.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*ax"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Situated below the point where a leaf joins the
stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*cel"lu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Within a cell; as, the <i>intracellular</i>
movements seen in the pigment cells, the salivary cells, and in the
protoplasm of some vegetable cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*col"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Within the colon; as, the <i>intracolic</i> valve.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*cra"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Within
the cranium or skull.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tract`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being intractable; intractableness.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hurd.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tract"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intractabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>intraitable</i>, formerly also
<i>intractable</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Tractable</u>.]
<def>Not tractable; not easily governed, managed, or directed;
indisposed to be taught, disciplined, or tamed; violent; stubborn;
obstinate; refractory; as, an <i>intractable</i> child.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stubborn; perverse; obstinate; refractory; cross;
unmanageable; unruly; headstrong; violent; ungovernable;
unteachable.</p>

<p>-- <wf>In*tract"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*tract"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*tract"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not tractile;
incapable of being drawn out or extended.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tra"dos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>intra</i> within + F. <i>dos</i> the back, L. <i>dorsum</i>.  Cf.
<u>Extrados</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The interior curve of an arch;
esp., the inner or lower curved face of the whole body of voussoirs
taken together. See <u>Extrados</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*fo`li*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing immediately above, or in front of, a leaf;
as, <i>intrafoliaceous</i> stipules.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*fu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>intra-
</i> + L. <i>fundere</i>, <i>fusum</i>, to pour.] <def>The act of
pouring into a vessel; specif. <i>(Med.)</i>, the operation of
introducing a substance into a blood vessel; as, <i>intrafusion</i>
of blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*lob"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Within lobules; as, the <i>intralobular</i> branches of the
hepatic veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*mar"gin*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated
within the margin.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*mer*cu"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Between the planet Mercury and the sun; -- as,
the hypothetical Vulcan is <i>intramercurial</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*mo*lec"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem. &
Physics)</i> <def>Between molecules; situated, or acting, between the
molecules of bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*mun"dane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
within the material world; -- opposed to
<i>extramundane</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*mu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being within the walls, as of a
city.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>Being within the
substance of the walls of an organ; as, <i>intramural</i>
pregnancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tran*quil"li*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unquietness; restlessness.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`trans*ca"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Impervious to heat; adiathermic.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`trans*gress"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intragressibilis</i> that can not be crossed. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Transgress</u>.] <def>Incapable of being transgressed; not to
be passed over or crossed.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tran"sient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
transient; remaining; permanent.</def>  <i>Killingbeck.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trans"i*gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>intransigeant</i> (cf. Sp. <i>intransigente</i>); pref. <i>in-</i>
not + L. <i>transigere</i> to come to an agreement; <i>trans</i>
across + <i>agere</i> to lead, act.] <def>Refusing compromise;
uncompromising; irreconcilable.</def>  <i>Lond. Sat. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In`trans"i*gen*tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<i>(Spanish Politics)</i> <def>The extreme radicals; the party of the
irreconcilables.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tran"si*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intransitivus</i>: cf. F. <i>intransitif</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Transitive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not passing farther;
kept; detained.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And then it is for the image's sake and so far is
<i>intransitive</i>; but whatever is paid more to the image is
transitive and passes further.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Not transitive; not passing
over to an object; expressing an action or state that is limited to
the agent or subject, or, in other words, an action which does not
require an object to complete the sense; as, an <i>intransitive</i>
verb, <i>e. g.</i>, the bird <i>flies</i>; the dog
<i>runs</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Intransitive</i> verbs have no passive form. Some verbs
which appear at first sight to be <i>intransitive</i> are in reality,
or were originally, <i>transitive</i> verbs with a reflexive or other
object omitted; as, he <i>keeps</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, himself) aloof
from danger. <i>Intransitive</i> verbs may take a noun of kindred
signification for a cognate object; as, he <i>died</i> the
<i>death</i> of a hero; he <i>dreamed</i> a <i>dream</i>. Some
<i>intransitive</i> verbs, by the addition of a preposition, become
<i>transitive</i>, and so admit of a passive voice; as, the man
<i>laughed at</i>; he <i>was laughed at</i> by the man.</p>

<p><hw>In*tran"si*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>Without an object following; in the manner of an intransitive
verb.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In` tran"si*tu</hw> (?). [L.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>In transit;
during passage; as, goods <i>in transitu</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`trans*mis"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
capable of being transmitted.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`trans*mu`ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being intransmutable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`trans*mut"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
capable of being transmuted or changed into another
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"trant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>intrans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>intrare</i> to enter. See <u>Enter</u>.] <def>Entering;
penetrating.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"trant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who enters;
especially, a person entering upon some office or station.</def>
<i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*nu"cle*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Within the nucleus of a cell; as. the <i>intranuclear</i>
network of fibrils, seen in the first stages of
karyokinesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*trap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Entrap</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"tra*pa*ri"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Situated or occurring within an inclosure; shut off from public
sight; private; secluded; retired.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have no Turkish proclivities, and I do not think
that, after all, impaling is preferable as a mode of capital
punishment to <i>intraparietal</i> hanging.</blockquote>
<i>Rolleston.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*pet"i*o*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Situated between the petiole and the stem; -- said
of the pair of stipules at the base of a petiole when united by those
margins next the petiole, thus seeming to form a single stipule
between the petiole and the stem or branch; -- often confounded with
<i>interpetiolar</i>, from which it differs essentially in
meaning.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*ter`ri*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Within the territory or a territory.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*tho*rac"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Within
the thora&?; or chest.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*trop"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Within
the tropics.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*u"ter*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Within
the uterus or womb; as, <i>intrauterine</i> hemorrhage.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*valv"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Between
valves.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*ve"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Within the
veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tra*ven*tric"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Within or between ventricles.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*treas"ure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
lay up, as in a treasury; to hoard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*treat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Entreat</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*treat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>treatable</i>.] <def>Not to be entreated;
inexorable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*treat"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Entreaty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*treat"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
entreaty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trench"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intrenched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intrenching</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut in; to furrow; to make trenches in
or upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was this very sword <i>intrenched</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His face<BR>
Deep scars of thunder had <i>intrenched</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To surround with a trench or with
intrenchments, as in fortification; to fortify with a ditch and
parapet; as, the army <i>intrenched</i> their camp, or
<i>intrenched</i> itself.</def> "In the suburbs close
<i>intrenched</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trench"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To invade; to
encroach; to infringe or trespass; to enter on, and take possession
of, that which belongs to another; -- usually followed by <i>on</i>
or <i>upon</i>; as, the king was charged with <i>intrenching</i> on
the rights of the nobles, and the nobles were accused of
<i>intrenching</i> on the prerogative of the crown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are not to <i>intrench</i> upon truth in any
conversation, but least of all with children.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trench"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
not + <i>trenchant</i>.] <def>Not to be gashed or marked with
furrows.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As easy mayest thou the <i>intrenchant</i> air<BR>
With thy keen sword impress, as make me bleed.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trench"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Intrench</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of intrenching or the state of
being intrenched.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Any defensive work
consisting of at least a trench or ditch and a parapet made from the
earth thrown up in making such a ditch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On our side, we have thrown up <i>intrenchments</i> on
Winter and Prospect Hills.</blockquote> <i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any defense or protection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An encroachment or infringement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The slight <i>intrenchment</i> upon individual
freedom.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trep"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intrepidus</i>: cf. F. <i>intr&eacute;pide</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Trepidation</u>.] <def>Not trembling or shaking with
fear; fearless; bold; brave; undaunted; courageous; as, an
<i>intrepid</i> soldier; <i>intrepid</i> spirit.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fearless; dauntless; resolute; brave; courageous;
daring; valiant; heroic; doughty.</p>

<p><hw>In`tre*pid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>intr&eacute;pidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
intrepid; fearless bravery; courage; resoluteness; valor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir Roger had acquitted himself of two or three
sentences with a look of much business and great
<i>intrepidity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Courage; heroism; bravery; fortitude; gallantry;
valor. See <u>Courage</u>, <u>Heroism</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*trep"id*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
intrepid manner; courageously; resolutely.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"tri*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Intricate</u>.] <def>Entangling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"tri*ca*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Intricacies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Intricate</u>.] <def>The
state or quality of being intricate or entangled; perplexity;
involution; complication; complexity; that which is intricate or
involved; as, the <i>intricacy</i> of a knot; the <i>intricacy</i> of
accounts; the <i>intricacy</i> of a cause in controversy; the
<i>intricacy</i> of a plot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Freed from <i>intricacies</i>, taught to live<BR>
The easiest way.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"tri*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intricatus</i>, p. p. of <i>intricare</i> to entangle, perplex.
Cf. <u>Intrigue</u>, <u>Extricate</u>.] <def>Entangled; involved;
perplexed; complicated; difficult to understand, follow, arrange, or
adjust; as, <i>intricate</i> machinery, labyrinths, accounts, plots,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His style was fit to convey the most <i>intricate</i>
business to the understanding with the utmost clearness.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The nature of man is <i>intricate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Intricate</u>, <u>Complex</u>,
<u>Complicated</u>.  A thing is <i>complex</i> when it is made up of
parts; it is <i>complicated</i> when those parts are so many, or so
arranged, as to make it difficult to grasp them; it is
<i>intricate</i> when it has numerous windings and confused
involutions which it is hard to follow out. What is <i>complex</i>
must be resolved into its parts; what is <i>complicated</i> must be
drawn out and developed; what is <i>intricate</i> must be
unraveled.</p>

<p><hw>In"tri*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
entangle; to involve; to make perplexing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It makes men troublesome, and <i>intricates</i> all
wise discourses.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"tri*cate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
intricate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"tri*cate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being intricate; intricacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tri*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Entanglement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||In`tri`gante"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
female intriguer.</def></p>

<p><! p. 783 !></p>

<p><hw>In*trigue"</hw> (&ibreve;n*tr&emacr;g"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intrigued</u> (-
tr&emacr;gd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Intriguing</u>.]
[F. <i>intriguer</i>, OF. <i>intriquer</i>, <i>entriquer</i>; cf. It.
<i>intrigare</i>. See <u>Intricate</u>, <u>Extricate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form a plot or scheme; to contrive to
accomplish a purpose by secret artifice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry on a secret and illicit love or
amour.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*trigue"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fill with
artifice and duplicity; to complicate; to embarrass.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How doth it [sin] perplex and <i>intrique</i> the
whole course of your lives!</blockquote> <i>Dr. J. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trigue"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>intrique</i>.
See <u>Intrigue</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Intricacy; complication.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A complicated plot or scheme intended to
effect some purpose by secret artifice; conspiracy;
stratagem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Busy meddlers with <i>intrigues</i> of
state.</blockquote> <i>Pomfret.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The plot of a play or romance; a
complicated scheme of designs, actions, and events.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A secret and illicit love affair between
two persons of different sexes; an amour; a liaison.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hero of a comedy is represented victorious in all
his <i>intrigues</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Plot; scheme; conspiracy; machination.</p>

<p><hw>In*trigu"er</hw> (&ibreve;n*tr&emacr;g"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who intrigues.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*trigu"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Arts or
practice of intrigue.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*trigu"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By means
of, or in the manner of, intrigue.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*trinse"</hw> (-tr&ibreve;ns"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Intrinsic</u>, and <u>Intense</u>.] <def>Tightly drawn; or
(perhaps) intricate.</def> [Very rare]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like rats, oft bite the holy cords atwain,<BR>
Which are too <i>intrinse</i> to unloose.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trin"sic</hw> (&ibreve;n*tr&ibreve;n"s&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>intrinsecus</i> inward, on the inside;
<i>intra</i> within + <i>secus</i> otherwise, beside; akin to E.
<i>second</i>: cf. F. <i>intrins&egrave;que</i>. See <u>Inter-</u>,
<u>Second</u>, and cf. <u>Extrinsic</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inward; internal; hence, true; genuine;
real; essential; inherent; not merely apparent or accidental; --
opposed to <i>extrinsic</i>; as, the <i>intrinsic</i> value of gold
or silver; the <i>intrinsic</i> merit of an action; the
<i>intrinsic</i> worth or goodness of a person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was better qualified than they to estimate justly
the <i>intrinsic</i> value of Grecian philosophy and
refinement.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Included wholly within an
organ or limb, as certain groups of muscles; -- opposed to
<i>extrinsic</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Intrinsic energy of a body</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>,
<cd>the work it can do in virtue of its actual condition, without any
supply of energy from without.</cd> -- <col><b>Intrinsic equation of
a curve</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the equation which expresses
the relation which the length of a curve, measured from a given point
of it, to a movable point, has to the angle which the tangent to the
curve at the movable point makes with a fixed line.</cd> --
<col><b>Intrinsic value</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Value</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inherent; innate; natural; real; genuine.</p>

<p><hw>In*trin"sic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A genuine
quality.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trin"sic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Formerly
written <i>intrinsecal</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Intrinsic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intimate; closely familiar.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trin`si*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being intrinsic; essentialness; genuineness;
reality.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*trin"sic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Internally; in its nature; essentially; really; truly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lie is a thing absolutely and <i>intrinsically</i>
evil.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trin"sic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being intrinsical; intrinsicality.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*trin"si*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Intricate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"tro-</hw> (?). [L. <i>intro</i>, adv., inwardly, within.
See <u>Inter-</u>.] <def>A prefix signifying <i>within</i>,
<i>into</i>, <i>in</i>, <i>inward</i>; as, <i>intro</i>duce,
<i>intro</i>reception, <i>intro</i>thoracic.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*ces"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>introcedere</i>, <i>introcessum</i>, to go in; <i>intro</i> within
+ <i>cedere</i> to go.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A depression, or inward
sinking of parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Introduced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Introducing</u> (?).] [L. <i>introducere</i>,
<i>introductum</i>; <i>intro</i> within + <i>ducere</i> to lead. See
<u>Intro-</u>, and <u>Duke</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lead or bring in; to conduct or usher
in; as, to <i>introduce</i> a person into a drawing-room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put (something into a place); to
insert; as, to <i>introduce</i> the finger, or a probe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lead to and make known by formal
announcement or recommendation; hence, to cause to be acquainted; as,
to <i>introduce</i> strangers; to <i>introduce</i> one person to
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bring into notice, practice,
cultivation, or use; as, to <i>introduce</i> a new fashion, method,
or plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To produce; to cause to exist; to
induce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever <i>introduces</i> habits in children,
deserves the care and attention of their governors.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To open to notice; to begin; to present;
as, he <i>introduced</i> the subject with a long preface.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To bring in; usher in; insert; begin; preface.</p>

<p><hw>In`tro*duce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Introduction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`tro*du"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, introduces.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*duct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
introduce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`tro*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>introductio</i>: cf. F. <i>introduction</i>. See
<u>Introduce</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of introducing, or bringing to
notice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of formally making persons known
to each other; a presentation or making known of one person to
another by name; as, the <i>introduction</i> of one stranger to
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That part of a book or discourse which
introduces or leads the way to the main subject, or part;
preliminary; matter; preface; proem; exordium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A formal and elaborate preliminary
treatise; specifically, a treatise introductory to other treatises,
or to a course of study; a guide; as, an <i>introduction</i> to
English literature.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*duc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>introductif</i>.] <def>Serving to introduce; introductory.</def> -
- <wf>In`tro*duc"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*duc"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>An
introducer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In`tro*duc"to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
way of introduction.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*duc"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>itroductorius</i>: cf. F. <i>introductoire</i>.] <def>Serving to
introduce something else; leading to the main subject or business;
preliminary; prefatory; as, <i>introductory</i> proceedings; an
<i>introductory</i> discourse.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*duc"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
introducer.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*flexed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Flexed or
bent inward.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*gres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>introgressus</i>, p. p. of <i>introgredi</i> to go in; <i>intro-
</i> within + <i>gradi</i> to step, go.] <def>The act of going in;
entrance.</def>  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tro"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>introitus</i>,
fr. <i>introire</i> to go into, to enter; <i>intro</i> within +
<i>ire</i> to go: cf. F. <i>introit</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A going in.</def>  <i>Caxton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
psalm sung or chanted immediately before the collect, epistle, and
gospel, and while the priest is entering within the rails of the
altar.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A part of a psalm or other
portion of Scripture read by the priest at Mass immediately after
ascending to the altar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>An anthem or psalm sung
before the Communion service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any composition of vocal music appropriate
to the opening of church services.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>intromission</i>. See <u>Intromit</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of sending in or of putting in;
insertion.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of letting go in;
admission.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>An intermeddling with
the affairs of another, either on legal grounds or without
authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intromitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Intromitting</u>.] [L. <i>intromittere</i>, <i>intromissum</i>;
<i>intro-</i> within + <i>mittere</i> to send.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To send in or put in; to insert or
introduce.</def>  <i>Greenhill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To allow to pass in; to admit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Glass in the window <i>intromits</i> light, without
cold.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*mit"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Scots Law)</i>
<def>To intermeddle with the effects or goods of another.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*mit"tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intromittens</i>, p. pr.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Throwing, or allowing to pass, into or
within.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Used in copulation; --
said of the external reproductive organs of the males of many
animals, and sometimes of those of the females.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*mit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
intromits.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*pres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pressure
acting within.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In`tro*re*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of admitting into or within.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trorse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>introrsus</i>
inward, contr. from <i>introversus</i>. See <u>Introvert</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Turning or facing inward, or toward the axis of
the part to which it belongs.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*spect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>introspectus</i>, p. p. <i>introspicere</i> to look into;
<i>intro</i> within + <i>specere</i> to look. See <u>Spy</u>.]
<def>To look into or within; to view the inside of.</def>
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*spec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>introspection</i>.] <def>A view of the inside or interior; a
looking inward; specifically, the act or process of self-examination,
or inspection of one's own thoughts and feelings; the cognition which
the mind has of its own acts and states; self-consciousness;
reflection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was forced to make an <i>introspection</i> into my
own mind.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*spec"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>One given to the introspective method of
examining the phenomena of the soul.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*spec"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>introspectif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inspecting within; seeing inwardly;
capable of, or exercising, inspection; self-conscious.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Involving the act or results of conscious
knowledge of physical phenomena; -- contrasted with
<i>associational</i>.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*sume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>intro-</i> + L. <i>sumere</i> to take.] <def>To draw in; to
swallow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*sus*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of receiving
within.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The person is corrupted by the <i>introsusception</i>
of a nature which becomes evil thereby.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Intussusception</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*ven"ient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>introveniens</i>, p. pr. of <i>introvenire</i> to come in;
<i>intro</i> within + <i>venire</i> to come.] <def>Coming in
together; entering; commingling.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Introvert</u>.] <def>The act of introverting, or the state of
being introverted; the act of turning the mind inward.</def>
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tro*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Introverted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Introverting</u>.] [Pref. <i>intro-</i> + L. <i>vertere</i>,
<i>versum</i>, to turn.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn or bend inward.</def>
"<i>Introverted</i> toes."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To look within; to introspect.</def>
<i>Lew Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intrudere</i>, <i>intrusum</i>; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>trudere</i> to thrust, akin to E. <i>threat</i>. See
<u>Threat</u>.] <def>To thrust one's self in; to come or go in
without invitation, permission, or welcome; to encroach; to trespass;
as, to <i>intrude</i> on families at unseasonable hours; to
<i>intrude</i> on the lands of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy wit wants edge<BR>
And manners, to <i>intrude</i> where I am graced.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some thoughts rise and <i>intrude</i> upon us, while
we shun them; others fly from us, when we would hold
them.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trude"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Intruded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Intruding</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To thrust or force (something) in or upon;
especially, to force (one's self) in without leave or welcome; as, to
<i>intrude</i> one's presence into a conference; to <i>intrude</i>
one's opinions upon another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter by force; to invade.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Why should the worm <i>intrude</i> the maiden
bud?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The cause to enter or force
a way, as into the crevices of rocks.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To obtrude; encroach; infringe; intrench; trespass.
See <u>Obtrude</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*trud"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Intrusive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*trud"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
intrudes; one who thrusts himself in, or enters without right, or
without leave or welcome; a trespasser.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were all strangers and
<i>intruders</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*trud"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
intruder.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*trunk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose as
in a trunk; to incase.</def> [R.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tru"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>intrusion</i>. See <u>Intrude</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of intruding, or of forcing in;
especially, the forcing (one's self) into a place without right or
welcome; encroachment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why this <i>intrusion</i>?<BR>
Were not my orders that I should be private?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The penetrating of one
rock, while in a plastic or metal state, into the cavities of
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The entry of a stranger,
after a particular estate or freehold is determined, before the
person who holds in remainder or reversion has taken
possession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Scotch Ch.)</i> <def>The settlement of a
minister over a congregation without their consent.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tru"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to intrusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tru"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
intrudes; especially, one who favors the appointment of a clergyman
to a parish, by a patron, against the wishes of the
parishioners.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tru"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to
intrude; characterized by intrusion; entering without right or
welcome.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Intrusive rocks</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>rocks which
have been forced, while in a plastic or melted state, into the
cavities or between the cracks or layers of other rocks. The term is
sometimes used as equivalent to <i>plutonic rocks</i>. It is then
contrasted with <i>effusive</i> or <i>volcanic rocks</i>.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*tru"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*tru"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*trust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Intrusted</u>, <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Intrusting</u>.] <def>To deliver (something) to another in trust;
to deliver to (another) something in trust; to commit or surrender
(something) to another with a certain confidence regarding his care,
use, or disposal of it; as, to <i>intrust</i> a servant with one's
money or <i>intrust</i> money or goods to a servant.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To commit; consign; confide. See <u>Commit</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In`tu*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
in + <i>tube</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The introduction of a tube into
an organ to keep it open, as into the larynx in croup.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tu*i"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intuitus</i>, p. p. of <i>intueri</i> to look on; <i>in-</i> in,
on + <i>tueri</i>: cf. F. <i>intuition</i>. See <u>Tuition</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A looking after; a regard to.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What, no reflection on a reward! He might have an
<i>intuition</i> at it, as the encouragement, though not the cause,
of his pains.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Direct apprehension or cognition;
immediate knowledge, as in perception or consciousness; --
distinguished from "mediate" knowledge, as in reasoning; as, the mind
knows by <i>intuition</i> that black is not white, that a circle is
not a square, that three are more than two, etc.; quick or ready
insight or apprehension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sagacity and a nameless something more, -- let us call
it <i>intuition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any object or truth discerned by direct
cognition; especially, a first or primary truth.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tu*i"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or derived from, intuition; characterized by intuition; perceived
by intuition; intuitive.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tu*i"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The doctrine that the perception or recognition
of primary truth is intuitive, or direct and immediate; -- opposed to
<i>sensationalism</i>, and <i>experientialism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tu*i"tion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
holds the doctrine of intuitionalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tu*i"tion*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Intuitionalism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tu*i"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Intuitionalist</u>.</def>  <i>Bain.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tu"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>intuitif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Seeing clearly; as, an <i>intuitive</i>
view; <i>intuitive</i> vision.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Knowing, or perceiving, by intuition;
capable of knowing without deduction or reasoning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whence the soul<BR>
Reason receives, and reason is her being,<BR>
Discursive, or <i>intuitive</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Received, reached, obtained, or perceived,
by intuition; as, <i>intuitive</i> judgment or knowledge; -- opposed
to <i>deductive</i>.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*tu"i*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
intuitive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tu"i*tiv*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine that the ideas of right and wrong are intuitive.</def>
<i>J. Grote.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tu*mesce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Intumesced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Intumescing</u> (?).] [L. <i>intumescere</i>; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>tumescere</i> to swell up, incho. fr.
<i>tumere</i> to swell. See <u>Tumid</u>.] <def>To enlarge or expand
with heat; to swell; specifically, to swell up or bubble up under the
action of heat, as before the blowpipe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a higher heat, it <i>intumesces</i>, and melts into
a yellowish black mass.</blockquote> <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tu*mes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>intumescence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of swelling or
enlarging; also, the state of being swollen; expansion; tumidity;
especially, the swelling up of bodies under the action of
heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>intumescence</i> of nations.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything swollen or enlarged, as a
tumor.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tu*mes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intumescens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Swelling up; expanding.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tu"mu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intumulatus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Tumulate</u>.]
<def>Unburied.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*tune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To intone.
Cf. <u>Entune</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*tur"bid*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inturbidated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inturbidating</u>.] [Pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>turbid</i>.] <def>To render turbid; to darken; to confuse.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The confusion of ideas and conceptions under the same
term painfully <i>inturbidates</i> his theology.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tur*ges"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inturgescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>inturgescere</i> to swell up. See
1st <u>In-</u>, and   <u>Turgescent</u>.] <def>A swelling; the act of
swelling, or state of being swelled.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><! p. 784 !></p>

<p><hw>In"tuse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>intundere</i> to
bruise; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>tundere</i>, <i>tusum</i>, to beat,
bruise.] <def>A bruise; a contusion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`tus*sus*cep"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Intussusception</u>.] <def>Received into some other thing or part,
as a sword into a sheath; invaginated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`tus*sus*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>intus</i> within + <i>susception</i>.  Cf.
<u>Introsusception</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The reception of one part within
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The abnormal reception or
slipping of a part of a tube, by inversion and descent, within a
contiguous part of it; specifically, the reception or slipping of the
upper part of the small intestine into the lower; introsusception;
invagination.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The interposition of new
particles of formative material among those already existing, as in a
cell wall, or in a starch grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act of taking
foreign matter, as food, into a living body; the process of
nutrition, by which dead matter is absorbed by the living organism,
and ultimately converted into the organized substance of its various
tissues and organs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dead bodies increase by apposition; living bodies by
<i>intussusception</i>.</blockquote> <i>McKendrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*twine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Entwine</u>.] <def>To twine or twist into, or together; to
wreathe; as, a wreath of flowers <i>intwined</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>entwine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>In*twine"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be or to
become intwined.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*twine"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
intwining, or the state of being intwined.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*twist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Entwist</u>.] <def>To twist into or together; to interweave.</def>
[Written also <i>entwist</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>In`u*en"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Innuendo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"u*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From NL. <i>Inula</i>
Helenium, the elecampane: cf. F. <i>inuline</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A substance of very wide occurrence. It is found dissolved in
the sap of the roots and rhizomes of many composite and other plants,
as <i>Inula</i>, <i>Helianthus</i>, <i>Campanula</i>, etc., and is
extracted by solution as a tasteless, white, semicrystalline
substance, resembling starch, with which it is isomeric. It is
intermediate in nature between starch and sugar. Called also
<i>dahlin</i>, <i>helenin</i>, <i>alantin</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"u*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Inul</i>in + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance resembling inulin, found in
the unripe bulbs of the dahlia.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*um"brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inumbratus</i>, p. p. of <i>inumbrare</i> to shade.] <def>To
shade; to darken.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*unc"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Inunction</u>.] <def>Anointed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*unc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inunctio</i>, fr. <i>inungere</i>, <i>inunctum</i>, to anoint. See
1st <u>In-</u>, and <u>Unction</u>.] <def>The act of anointing, or
the state of being anointed; unction; specifically <i>(Med.)</i>, the
rubbing of ointments into the pores of the skin, by which medicinal
agents contained in them, such as mercury, iodide of potash, etc.,
are absorbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*unc`tu*os"i*ty</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
want of unctuosity; freedom from greasiness or oiliness; as, the
<i>inunctuosity</i> of porcelain clay.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*un"dant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>inundans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>inundare</i>.] <def>Overflowing.</def> [R.]
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*un"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inundated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inundating</u>.] [L. <i>inundatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>inundare</i> to inundate; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>undare</i> to
rise in waves, to overflow, fr. <i>unda</i> a wave. See
<u>Undulate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a flood; to overflow; to
deluge; to flood; as, the river <i>inundated</i> the town.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill with an overflowing abundance or
superfluity; as, the country was <i>inundated</i> with bills of
credit.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To overflow; deluge; flood; overwhelm; submerge;
drown.</p>

<p><hw>In`un*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inundatio</i>: cf. F. <i>inondation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inundating, or the state of
being inundated; an overflow; a flood; a rising and spreading of
water over grounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>inundation</i> wide the deluge reigns,<BR>
Drowns the deep valleys, and o'erspreads the plains.</blockquote>
<i>Wilkie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An overspreading of any kind; overflowing
or superfluous abundance; a flood; a great influx; as, an
<i>inundation</i> of tourists.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To stop the <i>inundation</i> of her
tears.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*un`der*stand"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Void
of understanding.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ur*bane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inurbanus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Urbane</u>.]
<def>Uncivil; unpolished; rude.</def> <i>M. Arnold.</i> --
<wf>In`ur*bane"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In`ur*bane"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In`ur*ban"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inurbanit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Want of urbanity or courtesy;
unpolished manners or deportment; inurbaneness; rudeness.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inuring</u>.] [From pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>ure</i> use, work.
See <u>Ure</u> use, practice, <u>Opera</u>, and cf. <u>Manure</u>.]
<def>To apply in use; to train; to discipline; to use or accustom
till use gives little or no pain or inconvenience; to harden; to
habituate; to practice habitually.</def> "To <i>inure</i> our prompt
obedience."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . did <i>inure</i> them to speak
little.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Inured</i> and exercised in learning.</blockquote>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The poor, <i>inured</i> to drudgery and
distress.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ure"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass into use;
to take or have effect; to be applied; to serve to the use or benefit
of; as, a gift of lands <i>inures</i> to the heirs.</def> [Written
also <i>enure</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>In*ure"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Use; practice;
discipline; habit; custom.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*urn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>   [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inurned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inurning</u>.] <def>To put in an urn, as the ashes of the dead;
hence, to bury; to intomb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sepulcher<BR>
Wherein we saw thee quietly <i>inurned</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*u"si*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inusitatus</i> unusual. See <u>Use</u>.] <def>Unusual.</def> [R.]
<i>Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*u"si*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
use; disuse.</def> [R.]  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>inurere</i>,
<i>inustum</i>, to burn in; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>urere</i> to
burn.] <def>Burnt in.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*us"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
burning or branding.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*u"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>inutilis</i>:
cf. F. <i>inutile</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, <u>Utile</u>.]
<def>Useless; unprofitable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`u*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inutilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>inutilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Uselessness;
the quality of being unprofitable; unprofitableness; as, the
<i>inutility</i> of vain speculations and visionary
projects.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ut"ter*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unutterable; inexpressible.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In` vac"u*o</hw> (?). [L.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>In a
vacuum; in empty space; as, experiments <i>in vacuo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Invaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Invading</u>.] [L. <i>invadere</i>, <i>invasum</i>; pref. <i>in-
</i> in + <i>vadere</i> to go, akin to E. <i>wade</i>:  cf. OF.
<i>invader</i>, F. <i>envahir</i>. See <u>Wade</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go into or upon; to pass within the
confines of; to enter; -- used of forcible or rude ingress.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which becomes a body, and doth then <i>invade</i><BR>
The state of life, out of the grisly shade.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter with hostile intentions; to enter
with a view to conquest or plunder; to make an irruption into; to
attack; as, the Romans <i>invaded</i> Great Britain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such an enemy<BR>
Is risen to <i>invade</i> us.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attack; to infringe; to encroach on; to
violate; as, the king <i>invaded</i> the rights of the
people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To grow or spread over; to affect
injuriously and progressively; as, gangrene <i>invades</i> healthy
tissue.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To attack; assail; encroach upon. See
<u>Attack</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*vade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make an
invasion.</def>  <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who invades;
an assailant; an encroacher; an intruder.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vag"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To insert
as in a sheath; to produce intussusception in.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*vag"i*nate</hw> (?), <hw>In*vag"i*na`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Sheathed.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having one portion of a
hollow organ drawn back within another portion.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vag`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. pref.
<i>in-</i> + <i>vagina</i> sheath.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The condition of an
invaginated organ or part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the methods by which
the various germinal layers of the ovum are differentiated.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In <i>embolic invagination</i>, one half of the
blastosphere is pushed in towards the other half, producing an
embryonic form known as a <i>gastrula</i>. -- In <i>epibolic
invagination</i>, a phenomenon in the development of some
invertebrate ova, the epiblast appears to grow over or around the
hypoblast.</p>

<p><hw>In`va*les"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>invalescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>invalescere</i> to become strong.
See 1st <u>In-</u>, and <u>Convalesce</u>.] <def>Strength;
health.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*val`e*tu"di*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Wanting health; valetudinary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*val"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> not
+ <i>valid</i>: cf. F. <i>invalide</i>, L. <i>invalidus</i> infirm,
weak.  Cf. <u>Invalid</u> infirm.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of no force, weight, or cogency; not
valid; weak.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Having no force, effect, or
efficacy; void; null; as, an <i>invalid</i> contract or
agreement.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"va*lid</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>invalide</i>, <i>n. &amp; a.</i>, L. <i>invalidus</i>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> See <u>Invalid</u> null.] <def>A person who is
weak and infirm; one who is disabled for active service; especially,
one in chronic ill health.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"va*lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Invalid</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Not well; feeble; infirm; sickly; as, he
had an <i>invalid</i> daughter.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"va*lid</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make or render invalid or infirm.</def> "<i>Invalided</i>,
bent, and almost blind."  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To classify or enroll as an
invalid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Peace coming, he was <i>invalided</i> on half
pay.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*val"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Invalidated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Invalidating</u>.] [From <u>Invalid</u> null.]
<def>To render invalid; to weaken or lessen the force of; to destroy
the authority of; to render of no force or effect; to overthrow; as,
to <i>invalidate</i> an agreement or argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*val`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of inavlidating, or the state of being invalidated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So many <i>invalidations</i> of their
right.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>||In`va*lide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Invalid</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>In"va*lid*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition of an invalid; sickness; infirmity.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`va*lid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>invalidit&eacute;</i>, LL. <i>invaliditas</i> want of health.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of validity or cogency; want of legal
force or efficacy; invalidness; as, the <i>invalidity</i> of an
agreement or of a will.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of health; infirmity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*val"id*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Invalidity;
as, the <i>invalidness</i> of reasoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*val"or*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
valorous; cowardly.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*val"u*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Valuable
beyond estimation; inestimable; priceless; precious.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*val"u*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Inestimably.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*val"ued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inestimable.</def> [R.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*va`ri*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>invariabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being invariable;
invariableness; constancy; uniformity.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*va"ri*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>variable</i>: cf. F. <i>invariable</i>.] <def>Not given
to variation or change; unalterable; unchangeable; always
uniform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Physical laws which are
<i>invariable</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*va"ri*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*va"ri*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*va"ri*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>An invariable quantity; a constant.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*va"ri*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>The property of remaining invariable under prescribed or implied
conditions.</def>  <i>J. J. Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*va"ri*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>An invariable quantity; specifically, a function of the
coefficients of one or more forms, which remains unaltered, when
these undergo suitable linear transformations.</def>  <i>J. J.
Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*va"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>invasio</i>:
cf. F. <i>invasion</i>. See <u>Invade</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of invading; the act of
encroaching upon the rights or possessions of another; encroachment;
trespass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A warlike or hostile entrance into the
possessions or domains of another; the incursion of an army for
conquest or plunder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The incoming or first attack of anything
hurtful or pernicious; as, the <i>invasion</i> of a
disease.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Invasion</u>, <u>Irruption</u>, <u>Inroad</u>.
<i>Invasion</i> is the generic term, denoting a forcible entrance
into a foreign country. <i>Incursion</i> signifies a hasty and sudden
invasion. <i>Irruption</i> denotes particularly violent invasion.
<i>Inroad</i> is entry by some unusual way involving trespass and
injury.</p>

<p><hw>In*va"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>invasivus</i>: cf. F. <i>invasif</i>. See <u>Invade</u>.]
<def>Tending to invade; characterized by invasion; aggressive.</def>
"<i>Invasive</i> war."  <i>Hoole.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
inveigh.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vec"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>invectus</i>
carried in. See <u>Inveigh</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having a border
or outline composed of semicircles with the convexity outward; -- the
opposite of <i>engrailed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>invectio</i>. See <u>Inveigh</u>.] <def>An inveighing against;
invective.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fulke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vec"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>invectivus</i>: cf. F. <i>invectif</i>. See <u>Inveigh</u>.]
<def>Characterized by invection; critical; denunciatory; satirical;
abusive; railing.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vec"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>invective</i>.]
<def>An expression which inveighs or rails against a person; a severe
or violent censure or reproach; something uttered or written,
intended to cast opprobrium, censure, or reproach on another; a harsh
or reproachful accusation; -- followed by <i>against</i>, having
reference to the person or thing affected; as, an <i>invective</i>
against tyranny.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world will be able to judge of his [Junius']
motives for writing such famous <i>invectives</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Draper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abuse; censure; reproach; satire; sarcasm; railing;
diatribe. See <u>Abuse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*vec"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
invective manner.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*veigh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inveighed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inveighing</u>.] [L. <i>invehere</i>, <i>invectum</i>, to carry or
bring into or against, to attack with words, to inveigh; pref. <i>in-
</i> in + <i>vehere</i> to carry. See <u>Vehicle</u>, and cf.
<u>Invective</u>.] <def>To declaim or rail (against some person or
thing); to utter censorious and bitter language; to attack with harsh
criticism or reproach, either spoken or written; to use invectives; -
- with <i>against</i>; as, to <i>inveigh</i> against character,
conduct, manners, customs, morals, a law, an abuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All men <i>inveighed</i> against him; all men, except
court vassals, opposed him.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The artificial life against which we
<i>inveighed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*veigh"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
inveighs.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vei"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inveigled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inveigling</u> (?).] [Prob. fr. F. <i>aveugler</i> to
blind, to delude, OF. <i>aveugler</i>, <i>avugler</i>,
<i>avegler</i>, fr. F. <i>aveugle</i> blind, OF. <i>aveugle</i>,
<i>avugle</i>, properly, without eyes, fr. L. <i>ab + oculus</i> eye.
The pref. <i>in-</i> seems to have been substituted for <i>a-</i>
taken as the pref. F. <i>&agrave;</i>, L. <i>ad</i>. See
<u>Ocular</u>.] <def>To lead astray as if blind; to persuade to
something evil by deceptive arts or flattery; to entice; to insnare;
to seduce; to wheedle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet have they many baits and guileful spells<BR>
To <i>inveigle</i> and invite the unwary sense.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vei"gle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
inveigling, or the state of being inveigled; that which inveigles;
enticement; seduction.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vei"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
inveigles.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*veil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover, as
with a vail.</def>  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vend`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being invendible; invendibleness; unsalableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vend"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>invendibilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Vendible</u>.]
<def>Not vendible or salable.</def> <i>Jefferson.</i> --
<wf>In*vend"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*ven"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Envenom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Invented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inventing</u>.] [L. <i>inventus</i>, p. p. of <i>invenire</i> to
come upon, to find, invent; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>venire</i> to
come, akin to E. <i>come</i>: cf. F. <i>inventer</i>. See
<u>Come</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come or light upon; to meet; to
find.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And vowed never to return again,<BR>
Till him alive or dead she did <i>invent</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discover, as by study or inquiry; to
find out; to devise; to contrive or produce for the first time; --
applied commonly to the discovery of some serviceable mode,
instrument, or machine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus first Necessity <i>invented</i>
stools.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To frame by the imagination; to fabricate
mentally; to forge; -- in a good or a bad sense; as, to <i>invent</i>
the machinery of a poem; to <i>invent</i> a falsehood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whate'er his cruel malice could
<i>invent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>invented</i> some circumstances, and put the
worst possible construction on others.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To discover; contrive; devise; frame; design;
fabricate; concoct; elaborate. See <u>Discover</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In*vent"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
invents.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vent"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
invention.</def>  <i>J. Gifford.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vent"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being invented.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vent"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being inventible.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ven"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inventio</i>: cf. F. <i>invention</i>. See <u>Invent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of finding out or inventing;
contrivance or construction of that which has not before existed; as,
the <i>invention</i> of logarithms; the <i>invention</i> of the art
of printing.</def></p>

<p><! p. 785 !></p>

<p><blockquote>As the search of it [truth] is the duty, so the
<i>invention</i> will be the happiness of man.</blockquote>
<i>Tatham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is invented; an original
contrivance or construction; a device; as, this fable was the
<i>invention</i> of Esop; that falsehood was her own
<i>invention</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We entered by the drawbridge, which has an
<i>invention</i> to let one fall if not premonished.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Thought; idea.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A fabrication to deceive; a fiction; a
forgery; a falsehood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Filling their hearers<BR>
With strange <i>invention</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The faculty of inventing; imaginative
faculty; skill or ingenuity in contriving anything new; as, a man of
<i>invention</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They lay no less than a want of <i>invention</i> to
his charge; a capital crime, . . . for a poet is a
maker.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts, Rhet., etc.)</i> <def>The
exercise of the imagination in selecting and treating a theme, or
more commonly in contriving the arrangement of a piece, or the method
of presenting its parts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Invention of the cross</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>a
festival celebrated May 3d, in honor of the finding of our Savior's
cross by St. Helena.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*ven"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inventive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*vent"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>inventif</i>.] <def>Able and apt to invent; quick at contrivance;
ready at expedients; as, an <i>inventive</i> head or genius.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i> -- <wf>In*vent"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*vent"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*vent"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>inventeur</i>.] <def>One who invents or finds out something new; a
contriver; especially, one who invents mechanical devices.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ven*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an inventory.</def> -- <wf>In`ven*to"ri*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ven*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Inventories</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>inventarium</i>: cf. LL.
<i>inventorium</i>, F. <i>inventaire</i>, OF. also <i>inventoire</i>.
See <u>Invent</u>.] <def>An account, catalogue, or schedule, made by
an executor or administrator, of all the goods and chattels, and
sometimes of the real estate, of a deceased person; a list of the
property of which a person or estate is found to be possessed; hence,
an itemized list of goods or valuables, with their estimated worth;
specifically, the annual account of stock taken in any
business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There take an <i>inventory</i> of all I
have.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- List; register; schedule; catalogue. See
<u>List</u>.</p>

<p><hw>In"ven*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inventoried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inventorying</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>inventorier</i>.]
<def>To make an inventory of; to make a list, catalogue, or schedule
of; to insert or register in an account of goods; as, a merchant
<i>inventories</i> his stock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will give out divers schedules of my beauty; it
shall be <i>inventoried</i>, and every particle and utensil
labeled.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vent"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>inventrix</i>, F. <i>inventrice</i>.] <def>A woman who
invents.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`ve*rac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
veracity.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ver`i*si*mil"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Want of verisimilitude or likelihood; improbability.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*verse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>inversus</i>,
p. p. of <i>invertere</i>: cf. F. <i>inverse</i>. See
<u>Invert</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Opposite in order, relation, or effect;
reversed; inverted; reciprocal; -- opposed to
<i>direct</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Inverted; having a position
or mode of attachment the reverse of that which is usual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Opposite in nature and
effect; -- said with reference to any two operations, which, when
both are performed in succession upon any quantity, reproduce that
quantity; as, multiplication is the <i>inverse</i> operation to
division. The symbol of an inverse operation is the symbol of the
direct operation with <sups>-1</sups> as an index. Thus
<funct><i>sin</i><sups>-1</sups> <i>x</i></funct> means the arc whose
sine is <i>x</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inverse figures</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>two figures,
such that each point of either figure is inverse to a corresponding
point in the order figure.</cd> -- <col><b>Inverse points</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>two points lying on a line drawn from the center
of a fixed circle or sphere, and so related that the product of their
distances from the center of the circle or sphere is equal to the
square of the radius.</cd> -- <col><b>Inverse</b></col>, or
<col><b>Reciprocal</b></col>, <col><b>ratio</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>the ratio of the reciprocals of two quantities.</cd> --
<col><b>Inverse</b></col>, or  <col><b>Reciprocal</b></col>,
<col><b>proportion</b></col>, <cd>an equality between a direct ratio
and a reciprocal ratio; thus, <i>4 : 2 : : &frac13; : &frac16;</i>,
or 4 : 2 : : 3 : 6, <i>inversely</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"verse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
inverse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus the course of human study is the <i>inverse</i>
of the course of things in nature.</blockquote> <i>Tatham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*verse"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inverse order or manner; by inversion; -- opposed to
<i>directly</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inversely proportional</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Directly
proportional</i>, under <u>Directly</u>, and <u>Inversion</u>,
4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inversio</i>: cf. F. <i>inversion</i>. See <u>Invert</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inverting, or turning over or
backward, or the state of being inverted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A change by inverted order; a reversed
position or arrangement of things; transposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is just the <i>inversion</i> of an act of
Parliament; your lordship first signed it, and then it was passed
among the Lords and Commons.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A movement in tactics by
which the order of companies in line is inverted, the right being on
the left, the left on the right, and so on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A change in the order of
the terms of a proportion, so that the second takes the place of the
first, and the fourth of the third.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A peculiar method of
transformation, in which a figure is replaced by its inverse figure.
Propositions that are true for the original figure thus furnish new
propositions that are true in the inverse figure. See <i>Inverse
figures</i>, under <u>Inverse</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A change of the usual order
of words or phrases; as, "of all vices, impurity is one of the most
detestable," instead of, "impurity is one of the most detestable of
all vices."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A method of reasoning in
which the orator shows that arguments advanced by his adversary in
opposition to him are really favorable to his cause.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Said of
<i>intervals</i>, when the lower tone is placed an octave higher, so
that fifths become fourths, thirds sixths, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Said of a <i>chord</i>, when one of its
notes, other than its root, is made the bass.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Said of a <i>subject</i>, or phrase, when
the intervals of which it consists are repeated in the contrary
direction, rising instead of falling, or vice versa.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Said of <i>double counterpoint</i>, when an
upper and a lower part change places.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The folding back of strata
upon themselves, as by upheaval, in such a manner that the order of
succession appears to be reversed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process by
which cane sugar (<i>sucrose</i>), under the action of heat and acids
or ferments (as <i>diastase</i>), is broken or split up into grape
sugar (<i>dextrose</i>), and fruit sugar (<i>levulose</i>); also,
less properly, the process by which starch is converted into grape
sugar (<i>dextrose</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The terms <i>invert</i> and <i>inversion</i>, in this
sense, owe their meaning to the fact that the plane of polarization
of light, which is rotated to the right by cane sugar, is turned
toward the left by levulose.</p>

<p><hw>In*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Inverted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inverting</u>.] [L. <i>invertere</i>, <i>inversum</i>; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>vertere</i> to turn. See <u>Verse</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn over; to put upside down; to
upset; to place in a contrary order or direction; to reverse; as, to
<i>invert</i> a cup, the order of words, rules of justice,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That doth <i>invert</i> the attest of eyes and
ears,<BR>
As if these organs had deceptious functions.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such reasoning falls like an <i>inverted</i> cone,<BR>
Wanting its proper base to stand upon.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To change the position of; -
- said of tones which form a chord, or parts which compose
harmony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To divert; to convert to a wrong
use.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To convert; to reverse; to
decompose by, or subject to, inversion. See <u>Inversion</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 10.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vert"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To
undergo inversion, as sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"vert</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Subjected to the process of inversion; inverted; converted; as,
<i>invert</i> sugar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Invert sugar</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a variety of
sugar, consisting of a mixture of dextrose and levulose, found
naturally in fruits, and produced artificially by the inversion of
cane sugar (sucrose); also, less properly, the grape sugar or
dextrose obtained from starch. See <u>Inversion</u>, <u>Dextrose</u>,
<u>Levulose</u>, and <u>Sugar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In"vert</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>An
inverted arch.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ver"te*bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Invertebrate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In*ver`te*bra"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>in-</i> not + <i>vertebratus</i> vertebrate.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A comprehensive division of the animal
kingdom, including all except the Vertebrata.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ver"te*brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Destitute of a backbone; having no
vertebr&aelig;; of or pertaining to the Invertebrata.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Invertebrata.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Age of invertebrates</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Age</u>, and
<u>Silurian</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*ver"te*bra`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
no backbone; invertebrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vert"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Changed to a contrary or counterchanged
order; reversed; characterized by inversion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Situated apparently in
reverse order, as strata when folded back upon themselves by
upheaval.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inverted arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an arch placed
with crown downward; -- much used in foundations.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*vert"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an inverted
order.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vert"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Invert</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being inverted or
turned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of being changed or
converted; as, <i>invertible</i> sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vert"i*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> not
+ L. <i>vertere</i> to turn + <i>-ible</i>.] <def>Incapable of being
turned or changed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An indurate and <i>invertible</i>
conscience.</blockquote> <i>Cranmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vert"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>An unorganized ferment which causes cane sugar to
take up a molecule of water and be converted into invert
sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Invested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Investing</u>.] [L. <i>investire</i>, <i>investitum</i>; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>vestire</i> to clothe, fr. <i>vestis</i> clothing:
cf. F. <i>investir</i>. See <u>Vest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put garments on; to clothe; to dress;
to array; -- opposed to <i>divest</i>. Usually followed by
<i>with</i>, sometimes by <i>in</i>; as, to <i>invest</i> one with a
robe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put on.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Can not find one this girdle to
<i>invest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To clothe, as with office or authority; to
place in possession of rank, dignity, or estate; to endow; to adorn;
to grace; to bedeck; as, to <i>invest</i> with honor or glory; to
<i>invest</i> with an estate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do <i>invest</i> you jointly with my
power.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To surround, accompany, or
attend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Awe such as must always <i>invest</i> the spectacle of
the guilt.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To confer; to give.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>investeth</i> a right of
government.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To inclose; to surround or
hem in with troops, so as to intercept succors of men and provisions
and prevent escape; to lay siege to; as, to <i>invest</i> a
town.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To lay out (money or capital) in business
with the view of obtaining an income or profit; as, to <i>invest</i>
money in bank stock.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make an
investment; as, to <i>invest</i> in stocks; -- usually followed by
<i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vest"ient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>investiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>investire</i>.] <def>Covering;
clothing.</def> [R.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ves"ti*ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>investigabilis</i>. See <u>Investigate</u>.] <def>Capable or
susceptible of being investigated; admitting research.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ves"ti*ga*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>investigabilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Vestigate</u>.]
<def>Unsearchable; inscrutable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So unsearchable the judgment and so
<i>investigable</i> the ways thereof.</blockquote> <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ves"ti*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Investigated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Investigating</u>.] [L. <i>investigatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>investigare</i> to investigate; pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>vestigare</i> to track, trace. See <u>Vestige</u>.] <def>To follow
up step by step by patient inquiry or observation; to trace or track
mentally; to search into; to inquire and examine into with care and
accuracy; to find out by careful inquisition; as, to
<i>investigate</i> the causes of natural phenomena.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ves"ti*gate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pursue a
course of investigation and study; to make investigation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ves`ti*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>investigatio</i>: cf. F. <i>investigation</i>.] <def>The act of
investigating; the process of inquiring into or following up;
research; study; inquiry, esp. patient or thorough inquiry or
examination; as, the <i>investigations</i> of the philosopher and the
mathematician; the <i>investigations</i> of the judge, the
moralist.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ves"ti*ga*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to
investigation; inquisitive; curious; searching.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ves"ti*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>investigateur</i>.] <def>One who searches diligently into a
subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ves"ti*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>investitura</i>: cf. F. <i>investiture</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or ceremony of investing, or the
state of being invested, as with an office; a giving possession;
also, the right of so investing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had refused to yield up to the pope the
<i>investiture</i> of bishops.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>Livery of
seizin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The grant of land or a feud was perfected by the
ceremony of corporal <i>investiture</i>, or open delivery of
possession.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That with which anyone is invested or
clothed; investment; clothing; covering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While we yet have on<BR>
Our gross <i>investiture</i> of mortal weeds.</blockquote>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vest"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Investing.</def> [R.]  <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vest"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of investing, or the state of being invested.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That with which anyone is invested; a
vestment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose white <i>investments</i> figure
innocence.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The act of surrounding,
blocking up, or besieging by an armed force, or the state of being so
surrounded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The capitulation was signed by the commander of the
fort within six days after its <i>investments</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The laying out of money in the purchase of
some species of property; the amount of money invested, or that in
which money is invested.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before the <i>investment</i> could be made, a change
of the market might render it ineligible.</blockquote> <i>A.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>investment</i> in ink, paper, and steel
pens.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vest"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
invests.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ves"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Investiture; investment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*ves"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clothe; to
invest; to install.</def> [Obs.] "Monks . . . <i>investured</i> in
their copes."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vet"er*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Inveterate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Firm establishment by long continuance;
firmness or deep-rooted obstinacy of any quality or state acquired by
time; as, the <i>inveteracy</i> of custom, habit, or disease; --
usually in a bad sense; as, the <i>inveteracy</i> of prejudice or of
error.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>inveteracy</i> of evil habits that will prompt
him to contract more.</blockquote> <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Malignity; spitefulness;
virulency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rancor of pamphlets, the <i>inveteracy</i> of
epigrams, and the mortification of lampoons.</blockquote>
<i>Guardian.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vet"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inveteratus</i>, p. p. of <i>inveterare</i> to render old; pref.
<i>in-</i> in + <i>vetus</i>, <i>veteris</i>, old. See
<u>Veteran</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Old; long-established.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is an <i>inveterate</i> and received
opinion.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Firmly established by long continuance;
obstinate; deep-rooted; of long standing; as, an <i>inveterate</i>
disease; an <i>inveterate</i> abuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heal the <i>inveterate</i> canker of one
wound.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having habits fixed by long continuance;
confirmed; habitual; as, an <i>inveterate</i> idler or
smoker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Malignant; virulent; spiteful.</def>
<i>H. Brooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vet"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fix
and settle by long continuance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vet"er*ate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inveterate manner or degree.</def> "<i>Inveterately</i> tough."
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vet"er*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inveteracy.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vet`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inveteratio</i>.] <def>The act of making inveterate.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>invictus</i>.
See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Victor</u>.] <def>Invincible.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vid"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>invidiosus</i>, fr. <i>invidia</i> envy. See <u>Envy</u>, and cf.
<u>Envious</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Envious; malignant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of envy; desirable; enviable.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such a person appeareth in a far more honorable and
<i>invidious</i> state than any prosperous man.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Likely to incur or produce ill will, or to
provoke envy; hateful; as, <i>invidious</i> distinctions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Agamemnon found it an <i>invidious</i> affair to give
the preference to any one of the Grecian heroes.</blockquote>
<i>Broome.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*vid"i*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*vid"i*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*vig"i*lance</hw> (?), <hw>In*vig"i*lan*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>in-</i> not + <i>vigilance</i>: cf. OF.
<i>invigilance</i>.] <def>Want of vigilance; neglect of watching;
carelessness.</def></p>

<p><! p. 786 !></p>

<p><hw>In*vig"or</hw> (&ibreve;n*v&ibreve;g"&etilde;r), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To invigorate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>In*vig"or*ate</hw> (-&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Invigorated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Invigorating</u>.] [Pref. <i>in-</i> in +
<i>vigor</i>.] <def>To give vigor to; to strengthen; to animate; to
give life and energy to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Christian graces and virtues they can not be, unless
fed, <i>invigorated</i>, and animated by universal
charity.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To refresh; animate; exhilarate; stimulate.</p>

<p><hw>In*vig`or*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of invigorating, or the state of being invigorated.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vile"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
vile.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vil"laged</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Turned
into, or reduced to, a village.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vin`ci*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>invincibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
invincible; invincibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vin"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>invincibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>invincible</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Vincible</u>.] <def>Incapable of being conquered, overcome, or
subdued; unconquerable; insuperable; as, an <i>invincible</i> army,
or obstacle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lead forth to battle these my sons<BR>
<i>Invincible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*vin"ci*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*vin"ci*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In*vi`o*la*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inviolabilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>inviolabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being inviolable; inviolableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vi"o*la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>inviolabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>inviolable</i>. See <u>Inviolate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not violable; not susceptible of hurt,
wound, or harm (used with respect to either physical or moral
damage); not susceptible of being profaned or corrupted; sacred;
holy; as, <i>inviolable</i> honor or chastity; an <i>inviolable</i>
shrine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He tried a third, a tough, well-chosen spear,<BR>
The <i>inviolable</i> body stood sincere.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unviolated; uninjured; undefiled;
uncorrupted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For thou, be sure, shalt give account<BR>
To him who sent us, whose charge is to keep<BR>
This place <i>inviolable</i>, and these from harm.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not capable of being broken or violated;
as, an <i>inviolable</i> covenant, agreement, promise, or
vow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their almighty Maker first ordained<BR>
And bound them with <i>inviolable</i> bands.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And keep our faiths firm and
<i>inviolable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vi"o*la*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being inviolable; as, the <i>inviolableness</i>
of divine justice.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vi"o*la*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
violation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vi"o*la*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being inviolate; as, the <i>inviolacy</i> of an
oath.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In*vi"o*late</hw> (?), <hw>In*vi"o*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>inviolatus</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Violate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not violated; uninjured; unhurt;
unbroken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His fortune of arms was still
<i>inviolate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not corrupted, defiled, or profaned;
chaste; pure.</def> "<i>Inviolate</i> truth."  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There chaste Alceste lives
<i>inviolate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vi"o*late*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
inviolate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vi"o*late*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being inviolate.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"vi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>invius</i>;
pref. <i>in-</i> not + <i>via</i> way.] <def>Untrodden.</def> [R.]
<i>Hudibras.</i> -- <wf>In"vi*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>In*vi"rile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deficient in
manhood; unmanly; effeminate.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`vi*ril"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence of
virility or manhood; effeminacy.</def>  <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vis"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inviscated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inviscating</u> (?).] [L. <i>inviscatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>inviscare</i> to birdlime; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>viscum</i>,
<i>viscus</i>, the mistletoe, birdlime.] <def>To daub or catch with
glue or birdlime; to entangle with glutinous matter.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vis"cer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inviscerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Inviscerating</u>.] [L. <i>invisceratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>inviscerare</i> to put into the entrails. See <u>Viscera</u>.]
<def>To breed; to nourish.</def> [R.]  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vis"cer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>invisceratus</i>, p. p.] <def>Deep-seated; internal.</def> [R.]
<i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vis`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Invisibilities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>invisibilitas</i>: cf.
F. <i>invisibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being
invisible; also, that which is invisible.</def> "Atoms and
<i>invisibilities</i>."  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vis"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>invisible</i>, L. <i>invisibilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Visible</u>.] <def>Incapable of being seen; not perceptible by
vision; not visible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To us <i>invisible</i>, or dimly seen<BR>
In these thy lowest works.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Invisible bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small,
shy singing bird (<i>Myadestes sibilons</i>), of St. Vincent
Islands.</cd> -- <col><b>Invisible green</b></col>, <cd>a very dark
shade of green, approaching to black, and liable to be mistaken for
it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>In*vis"i*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An invisible person or thing; specifically, God, the Supreme
Being.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Rosicrucian; -- so called because
avoiding declaration of his craft.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of those (as in
the 16th century) who denied the visibility of the church.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vis"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being invisible; invisibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vis"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an invisible
manner.</def>  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of vision
or of the power of seeing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`vi*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>invitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>invitation</i>. See <u>Invite</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of inviting; solicitation; the
requesting of a person's company; as, an <i>invitation</i> to a
party, to a dinner, or to visit a friend.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A document written or printed, or spoken
words, conveying the message by which one is invited.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Allurement; enticement.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She gives the leer of <i>invitation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vi"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>invitatorius</i>: cf. F. <i>invitatoire</i>.] <def>Using or
containing invitations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The "Venite" [Psalm xcv.], which is also called the
<i>invitatory</i> psalm.</blockquote> <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vi"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Invitatories</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>invitatorium</i>: cf. F.
<i>invitatoire</i>.] <def>That which invites; specifically, the
invitatory psalm, or a part of it used in worship.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Invited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Inviting</u>.] [L. <i>invitare</i>: cf. F. <i>inviter</i>. See
<u>Vie</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ask; to request; to bid; to summon; to
ask to do some act, or go to some place; esp., to ask to an
entertainment or visit; to request the company of; as, to
<i>invite</i> to dinner, or a wedding, or an excursion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So many guests <i>invite</i> as here are
writ.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>invite</i> his Grace of Castle Rackrent to
reflect on this.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To allure; to draw to; to tempt to come;
to induce by pleasure or hope; to attract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To inveigle and <i>invite</i> the unwary
sense.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shady groves, that easy sleep
<i>invite</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There no delusive hope <i>invites</i>
despair.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give occasion for; as, to <i>invite</i>
criticism.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To solicit; bid; call; ask; summon; allure;
attract; entice; persuade.</p>

<p><hw>In*vite"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give
invitation.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vite"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Invitation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vit"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, invites.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vi"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
vitiated.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vit"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Alluring;
tempting; as, an <i>inviting</i> amusement or prospect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing is so easy and <i>inviting</i> as the retort
of abuse and sarcasm.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>In*vit"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>In*vit"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vit"ri*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
admitting of being vitrified, or converted into glass.</def>
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"vo*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Invocated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Invocating</u> (?).] [L. <i>invocatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>invocare</i>. See <u>Invoke</u>.] <def>To invoke; to call on, or
for, in supplication; to implore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If Dagon be thy god,<BR>
Go to his temple, <i>invocate</i> his aid.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`vo*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>invocation</i>, L. <i>invocatio</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or form of calling for the
assistance or presence of some superior being; earnest and solemn
entreaty; esp., prayer offered to a divine being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet <i>invocation</i> of a child; most pretty and
pathetical!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole poem is a prayer to Fortune, and the
<i>invocation</i> is divided between the two deities.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A call or summons;
especially, a judicial call, demand, or order; as, the
<i>invocation</i> of papers or evidence into court.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"vo*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making or
containing invocation; invoking.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"voice`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>envois</i>
things sent, goods forwarded, pl. of <i>envoi</i> a sending or things
sent, fr. <i>envoyer</i> to send; cf. F. lettre <i>d'envoi</i> letter
of advice of goods forwarded. See <u>Envoy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A written account of the
particulars of merchandise shipped or sent to a purchaser, consignee,
factor, etc., with the value or prices and charges annexed.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The lot or set of goods as shipped or
received; as, the merchant receives a large <i>invoice</i> of
goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"voice`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Invoiced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Invoicing</u> (?).] <def>To make a written list or account of, as
goods to be sent to a consignee; to insert in a priced list; to write
or enter in an invoice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Goods, wares, and merchandise imported from Norway,
and <i>invoiced</i> in the current dollar of Norway.</blockquote>
<i>Madison.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*voke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Invoked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Invoking</u>.] [F. <i>invoquer</i>, L. <i>invocare</i>; pref.
<i>in-</i> in, on + <i>vocare</i> to call, fr. <i>vox</i> voice. See
<u>Voice</u>, and cf. <u>Invocate</u>.] <def>To call on for aid or
protection; to invite earnestly or solemnly; to summon; to address in
prayer; to solicit or demand by invocation; to implore; as, to
<i>invoke</i> the Supreme Being, or to <i>invoke</i> His and
blessing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, my dread lord, to your great grandsire's tomb, . .
. <BR>
<i>Invoke</i> his warlike spirit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vol"u*cel</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>involucre</i>, or <i>involucrum</i>: cf. F. <i>involucelle</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A partial, secondary, or small involucre. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Involucre</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`vo*lu"cel*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Furnished with involucels.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`vo*lu*cel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Involucella</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <def>See
<u>Involucel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`vo*lu"cral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>involucral</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, possessing, or like, an
involucrum.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In`vo*lu"crate</hw> (?), <hw>In`vo*lu"cra*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having an involucre;
involucred.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"vo*lu`cre</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>involucrum</i> a covering, wrapper, fr. <i>involvere</i> to wrap
up, envelop: cf. F. <i>involucre</i>. See <u>Involve</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A whorl or set of bracts
around a flower, umbel, or head.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
continuous marginal covering of sporangia, in certain ferns, as in
the common brake, or the cup-shaped processes of the filmy
ferns.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The peridium or volva of
certain fungi. Called also <i>involucrum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"vo*lu`cred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having an involucre, as umbels, heads, etc.</def>
<i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`vo*lu"cret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An involucel.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`vo*lu"crum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Involucra</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Involucrums</b></plw>
(#). [L. See <u>Involucre</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Involucre</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sheath which
surrounds the base of the lasso cells in the Siphonophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vol"un*ta*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From
<u>Involuntary</u>.] <def>In an involuntary manner; not voluntarily;
not intentionally or willingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vol"un*ta*ri*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being involuntary; unwillingness;
automatism.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vol"un*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>involuntarius</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Voluntary</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not having will or the power of
choice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not under the influence or control of the
will; not voluntary; as, the <i>involuntary</i> movements of the
body; <i>involuntary</i> muscle fibers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not proceeding from choice; done
unwillingly; reluctant; compulsory; as, <i>involuntary</i>
submission.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>In"vo*lute</hw> (?), <hw>In"vo*lu`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>involutus</i>, p. p. of <i>involvere</i>.
See <u>Involve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Rolled
inward from the edges; -- said of leaves in vernation, or of the
petals of flowers in &aelig;stivation.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Turned inward at the margin, as the exterior lip of the
Cyprea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Rolled inward
spirally.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"vo*lute</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
curve traced by the end of a string wound upon another curve, or
unwound from it; -- called also <i>evolvent</i>. See
<u>Evolute</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`vo*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>involutio</i>: cf. F. <i>involution</i>. See <u>Involve</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of involving or
infolding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being entangled or involved;
complication; entanglement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All things are mixed, and causes blended, by mutual
<i>involutions</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That in which anything is involved,
folded, or wrapped; envelope.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The insertion of one or
more clauses between the subject and the verb, in a way that involves
or complicates the construction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The act or process of
raising a quantity to any power assigned; the multiplication of a
quantity into itself a given number of times; -- the reverse of
<i>evolution</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The relation which exists
between three or more sets of points, <i>a.a&prime;</i>,
<i>b.b&prime;</i>, <i>c.c&prime;</i>, so related to a point O on the
line, that the product <i>Oa.Oa&prime; = Ob.Ob&prime; =
Oc.Oc&prime;</i> is constant. Sets of lines or surfaces possessing
corresponding properties may be in <i>involution</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The return of an enlarged
part or organ to its normal size, as of the <i>uterus</i> after
pregnancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*volve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Involved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Involving</u>.] [L. <i>involvere</i>, <i>involutum</i>, to roll
about, wrap up; pref. <i>in-</i> in + <i>volvere</i> to roll: cf. OF.
<i>involver</i>. See <u>Voluble</u>, and cf. <u>Involute</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To roll or fold up; to wind round; to
entwine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some of serpent kind . . . <i>involved</i><BR>
Their snaky folds.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To envelop completely; to surround; to
cover; to hide; to <i>involve</i> in darkness or obscurity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And leave a sing&egrave;d bottom all
<i>involved</i><BR>
With stench and smoke.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To complicate or make intricate, as in
grammatical structure.</def> "<i>Involved</i> discourses."
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To connect with something as a natural or
logical consequence or effect; to include necessarily; to
imply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He knows<BR>
His end with mine <i>involved</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The contrary necessarily <i>involves</i> a
contradiction.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To take in; to gather in; to mingle
confusedly; to blend or merge.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The gathering number, as it moves along,<BR>
<i>Involves</i> a vast involuntary throng.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Earth with hell<BR>
To mingle and <i>involve</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To envelop, infold, entangle, or
embarrass; as, to <i>involve</i> a person in debt or
misery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To engage thoroughly; to occupy, employ,
or absorb.</def> "<i>Involved</i> in a deep study."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To raise to any assigned
power; to multiply, as a quantity, into itself a given number of
times; as, a quantity <i>involved</i> to the third or fourth
power.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To imply; include; implicate; complicate; entangle;
embarrass; overwhelm.  -- To <u>Involve</u>, <u>Imply</u>.
<i>Imply</i> is opposed to <i>express</i>, or <i>set forth</i>; thus,
an <i>implied</i> engagement is one fairly to be understood from the
words used or the circumstances of the case, though not set forth in
form. <i>Involve</i> goes beyond the mere interpretation of things
into their necessary relations; and hence, if one thing
<i>involves</i> another, it so contains it that the two must go
together by an indissoluble connection. War, for example,
<i>involves</i> wide spread misery and death; the premises of a
syllogism <i>involve</i> the conclusion.</p>

<p><hw>In*volved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Involute</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*volv"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being involved.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*volve"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
involving, or the state of being involved.</def>  <i>Lew
Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vul"gar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i>
in + <i>vulgar</i>.] <def>To cause to become or appear vulgar.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vul"gar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-</i> not +
<i>vulgar</i>.] <def>Not vulgar; refined; elegant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vul"ner*a*bil`i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>invuln&eacute;rabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Quality or state of being
invulnerable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vul"ner*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>invulnerabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>invuln&eacute;rable</i>. See <u>In-
</u> not, and <u>Vulnerable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being wounded, or of
receiving injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither vainly hope<BR>
To be <i>invulnerable</i> in those bright arms.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unanswerable; irrefutable; that can not be
refuted or convinced; as, an <i>invulnerable</i> argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vul"ner*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Invulnerability.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*vul"ner*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>invulneratus</i> unwounded.] <def>Invulnerable.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*wall"</hw> (&ibreve;n*w&add;l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Inwalled</u> (-w&add;ld");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Inwalling</u>.] <def>To inclose
or fortify as with a wall.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 787 !></p>

<p><hw>In"wall`</hw> (&ibreve;n"w&add;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An inner wall; specifically <i>(Metal.)</i>, the inner wall, or
lining, of a blast furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ward</hw> (&ibreve;n*w&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>inweard</i>, <i>inneweard</i>, <i>innanweard</i>, fr.
<i>innan</i>, <i>inne</i>, within (fr. <i>in</i> in; see <u>In</u>) +
the suffix <i>-weard</i>, E. <i>-ward</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being or placed within; inner; interior; -
- opposed to <i>outward</i>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Seated in the mind, heart, spirit, or
soul.</def> "<i>Inward</i> beauty."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Intimate; domestic; private.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All my <i>inward</i> friends abhorred me.</blockquote>
<i>Job xix. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had had occasion, by one very <i>inward</i> with
him, to know in part the discourse of his life.</blockquote> <i>Sir
P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ward</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is inward or within; especially, in the plural, the
inner parts or organs of the body; the viscera.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then sacrificing, laid the <i>inwards</i> and their
fat.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mental faculties; -- usually
<i>pl.</i></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An intimate or familiar friend or
acquaintance.</def> [Obs.] "I was an <i>inward</i> of his."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>In"ward</hw> (?), <hw>In"wards</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>inweard</i>.  The ending <i>-s</i> is
prop. a genitive ending. See <u>Inward</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>-wards</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Toward the inside; toward the center or
interior; as, to bend a thing <i>inward</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Into, or toward, the mind or thoughts;
inwardly; as, to turn the attention <i>inward</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So much the rather, thou Celestial Light,<BR>
Shine <i>inward</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ward*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>inweardlice</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the inner parts; internally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let Benedick, like covered fire,<BR>
Consume away in sighs, waste <i>inwardly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Toward the center; inward; as, to curve
<i>inwardly</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In the heart or mind; mentally; privately;
secretly; as, he <i>inwardly</i> repines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Intimately; thoroughly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I shall desire to know him more
<i>inwardly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"ward*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Internal or true state; essential nature; as, the
<i>inwardness</i> of conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sense can not arrive to the <i>inwardness</i><BR>
Of things.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intimacy; familiarity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Heartiness; earnestness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What was wanted was more <i>inwardness</i>, more
feeling.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"wards</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Inward</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*weave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To weave in
or together; to intermix or intertwine by weaving; to
interlace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Down they cast<BR>
Their crowns, <i>inwove</i> with amaranth and gold.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*wheel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
encircle.</def> [R.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>In"wit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inward sense; mind;
understanding; conscience.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*with"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Within.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This purse hath she <i>inwith</i> her bosom
hid.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*work"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> + <i>work</i>.  Cf. <u>Inwrought</u>.] <def>To work in or
within.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"worn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Worn, wrought,
or stamped in.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*wrap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>enwrap</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover by wrapping; to involve; to
infold; as, to <i>inwrap</i> in a cloak, in smoke, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To involve, as in difficulty or
perplexity; to perplex.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*wreathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surround
or encompass as with a wreath.</def> [Written also
<i>enwreathe</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Resplendent locks, <i>inwreathed</i> with
beams.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*wrought"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. or a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>in-</i> + <i>wrought</i>.  Cf. <u>Inwork</u>.] <def>Wrought or
worked in or among other things; worked into any fabric so as to from
a part of its texture; wrought or adorned, as with figures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His mantle hairy, and his bonnet sedge,<BR>
<i>Inwrought</i> with figures dim.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ios</b></plw> (#). [L.; cf. Gr. <grk>"iw`</grk>.] <def>An
exclamation of joy or triumph; -- often interjectional.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"od-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Iodo-
</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"o*dal</hw> (&imacr;"&osl;*d<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Iod-</i> + <i>al</i>cohol.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oily liquid,
CI<sub>3</sub>.CHO, analogous to chloral and bromal.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"o*date</hw> (&imacr;"&osl;*d&asl;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of iodic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`od*hy"drin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iod-</i> +
chlor<i>hydrin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a series of compounds
containing iodine, and analogous to the chlorhydrins.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*od"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>iodique</i>.
See <u>Iodine</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or containing,
iodine; specif., denoting those compounds in which it has a
relatively high valence; as, <i>iodic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Iodic acid</b></col>, <cd>a monobasic acid, consisting of
iodine with three parts of oxygen and one of hydrogen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I"o*dide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
binary compound of iodine, or one which may be regarded as binary;
as, potassium <i>iodide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"o*dine</hw> (&imacr;"&osl;*d&ibreve;n <i>or</i> -d&emacr;n;
104), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'iw`dhs</grk> violetlike;
<grk>'i`on</grk> a violet + <grk>e'i^dos</grk> form: cf. F.
<i>iode</i>, <i>iodine</i>. The name was given from the violet color
of its vapor. See <u>Violet</u>, <u>Idyl</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
nonmetallic element, of the halogen group, occurring always in
combination, as in the iodides. When isolated it is in the form of
dark gray metallic scales, resembling plumbago, soft but brittle, and
emitting a chlorinelike odor.  Symbol I.  Atomic weight 126.5.  If
heated, iodine volatilizes in beautiful violet vapors.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Iodine was formerly obtained from the ashes of seaweed
(<i>kelp</i> or <i>varec</i>), but is now also extracted from certain
natural brines. In the free state, iodine, even in very minute
quantities, colors starch blue. Iodine and its compounds are largely
used in medicine (as in liniments, antisyphilitics, etc.), in
photography, in the preparation of aniline dyes, and as an indicator
in titration.</p>

<p><col><b>Iodine green</b></col>, <cd>an artificial green dyestuff,
consisting of an iodine derivative of rosaniline; -- called also
<i>night green</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Iodine scarlet</b></col>, <cd>a
pigment of an intense scarlet color, consisting of mercuric
iodide.</cd> -- <col><b>Iodine yellow</b></col>, <cd>a brilliant
yellow pigment, consisting of plumbic iodide.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I"o*dism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
morbid state produced by the use of iodine and its compounds, and
characterized by palpitation, depression, and general emaciation,
with a pustular eruption upon the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"o*dize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Iodized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Iodizing</u> (?).] <def>To treat or impregnate with iodine or its
compounds; as, to <i>iodize</i> a plate for photography.</def>  <i>R.
Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"o*di`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, iodizes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>I"o*do-</hw> (?), <hw>I"od-</hw> (?). } <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A prefix, or combining from, indicating <i>iodine</i> as an
ingredient; as, <i>iodo</i>form.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*od"o*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iodo-</i> +
<i>formyl.</i> See <u>Formyl</u>, and cf. <u>Chloroform</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow, crystalline, volatile substance,
CI<sub>3</sub>H, having an offensive odor and sweetish taste, and
analogous to chloroform. It is used in medicine as a healing and
antiseptic dressing for wounds and sores.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`o*do*qui"nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iodo-</i> +
<i>quinine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A iodide of quinine obtained as
a brown substance. It is the base of herapathite. See
<u>Herapathite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, iodine. See <u>-ous</u> (chemical
suffix).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Iodous acid</b></col>, <cd>a hypothetical acid, analogous
to chlorous acid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I*od"u*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Iodide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>I*od"y*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Iodine</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Silver iodide, a mineral of a
yellowish color.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"o*lite</hw> (&imacr;"&osl;*l&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>'i`on</grk> a violet  + <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
silicate of alumina, iron, and magnesia, having a bright blue color
and vitreous luster; cordierite. It is remarkable for its dichroism,
and is also called <i>dichroite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"o moth`</hw> (?; 115). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large and
handsome American moth (<i>Hyperchiria Io</i>), having a large,
bright-colored spot on each hind wing, resembling the spots on the
tail of a peacock. The larva is covered with prickly hairs, which
sting like nettles.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ion</hw> (?; 106). [L. <i>-io</i>, acc. <i>-ionem</i>: cf. F.
<i>-ion</i>.] <def>A noun suffix denoting <i>act</i>, <i>process</i>,
<i>result of an act or a process</i>, <i>thing acted upon</i>,
<i>state</i>, or <i>condition</i>; as, revolut<i>ion</i>, the act or
process of revolving; construct<i>ion</i>, the act or process of
constructing; a thing constructed; domin<i>ion</i>, territory ruled
over; subject<i>ion</i>, state of being subject; deject<i>ion</i>;
abstract<i>ion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"on</hw> (&imacr;"&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'io`n</grk>, neut, of <grk>'iw`n</grk>, p. pr. of
<grk>'ie`nai</grk> to go.] <i>(Elec. Chem.)</i> <def>One of the
elements which appear at the respective poles when a body is
subjected to electro-chemical decomposition.  Cf. <u>Anion</u>,
<u>Cation</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>I*o"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Ionius</i>.
See <u>Ionic</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Ionia or the Ionians;
Ionic.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or citizen of
Ionia.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Ionicus</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; Ionia.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Ionia or the
Ionians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Ionic
order of architecture, one of the three orders invented by the
Greeks, and one of the five recognized by the Italian writers of the
sixteenth century. Its distinguishing feature is a capital with
spiral volutes. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Capital</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ionic dialect</b></col> <i>(Gr. Gram.)</i>, <cd>a dialect
of the Greek language, used in Ionia. The Homeric poems are written
in what is designated <i>old Ionic</i>, as distinguished from <i>new
Ionic</i>, or <i>Attic</i>, the dialect of all cultivated Greeks in
the period of Athenian prosperity and glory.</cd> -- <col><b>Ionic
foot</b></col>. <i>(Pros.)</i> <cd>See <u>Ionic</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Ionic</b></col>, or
<col><b>Ionian</b></col>, <col><b>mode</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>an ancient mode, supposed to correspond with the modern major
scale of C.</cd> -- <col><b>Ionic sect</b></col>, <cd>a sect of
philosophers founded by Thales of Miletus, in Ionia. Their
distinguishing tenet was, that water is the original principle of all
things.</cd> -- <col><b>Ionic type</b></col>, <cd>a kind of heavy-
faced type (as that of the following line).</cd></p>

<p>&fist;<nonpareiltype>This is Nonpareil Ionic.</nonpareiltype></p>

<p><hw>I*on"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Pros.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A foot consisting of four
syllables: either two long and two short, -- that is, a spondee and a
pyrrhic, in which case it is called the <i>greater Ionic</i>; or two
short and two long, -- that is, a pyrrhic and a spondee, in which
case it is called the <i>smaller Ionic</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A verse or meter composed or consisting of Ionic feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Ionic dialect; as, the Homeric
<i>Ionic</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Ionic type.</def></p>

<p><hw>||I`o*nid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.  Cf.
<u>Iodine</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of violaceous plants,
chiefly found in tropical America, some species of which are used as
substitutes for ipecacuanha.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"o*qua shell`</hw> (?). [From the native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The shell of a large Dentalium (<i>D.
pretiosum</i>), formerly used as shell money, and for ornaments, by
the Indians of the west coast of North America.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*o"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>'iw^ta</grk>. See <u>Jot</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The ninth letter of the Greek alphabet
(&iota;) corresponding with the English <i>i</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A very small quantity or degree; a jot; a
particle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They never depart an <i>iota</i> from the authentic
formulas of tyranny and usurpation.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Iota subscript</b></col> <i>(Gr. Gram.)</i>, <cd>iota
written beneath a preceding vowel, as <grk>a,</grk>, <grk>h,</grk>,
<grk>w,</grk>, -- done when iota is silent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I*o"ta*cism</hw> (&isl;*&omacr;"t&adot;*s&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'iotakismo`s</grk> a laying too much
stress upon the iota (&iota;): cf. F. <i>iotacisme</i>. See
<u>Iota</u>.] <def>The frequent use of the sound of iota (that of
English <i>e</i> in <i>be</i>), as among the modern Greeks; also,
confusion from sounding &epsilon;, &iota;, &eta;, &upsilon;,
&epsilon;&iota;, etc., like &iota;.</def>  <i>Littr&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>I O U</hw> (?). [i. e., I owe you.] <def>A paper having on it
these letters, with a sum named, and duly signed; -- in use in
England as an acknowledgment of a debt, and taken as evidence
thereof, but not amounting to a promissory note; a due bill.</def>
<i>Wharton. Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"o*was</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Iowa</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of Indians
which formerly occupied the region now included in the State of
Iowa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ip"e*cac</hw> (&ibreve;p"&esl;*k&abreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An abbreviation of <u>Ipecacuanha</u>, and
in more frequent use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ip`e*cac`u*an"ha</hw>
(&ibreve;p`&esl;*k&abreve;k`&usl;*&abreve;n"&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>ipecacuanha</i> (cf. Sp.
<i>ipecacuana</i>); fr. Braz. <i>ipe-kaa-guena</i>, prop., a creeping
plant that causes vomiting.] <i>(Med. &amp; Bot.)</i> <def>The root of a
Brazilian rubiaceous herb (<i>Cepha&euml;lis Ipecacuanha</i>),
largely employed as an emetic; also, the plant itself; also, a
medicinal extract of the root. Many other plants are used as a
substitutes; among them are the black or Peruvian ipecac
(<i>Psychotria emetica</i>), the white ipecac (<i>Ionidium
Ipecacuanha</i>), the bastard or wild ipecac (<i>Asclepias
Curassavica</i>), and the undulated ipecac (<i>Richardsonia
scabra</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ip"o*cras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hippocras.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ip`o*m&oelig;"a</hw> (&ibreve;p`&osl;*m&emacr;"&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. "Named, according to Linn&aelig;us, from
Gr. <grk>'i`ps</grk>, <grk>'ipo`s</grk>, a bindweed [which it is
not], and <grk>"o`moios</grk> like." <i>Gray.</i>] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of twining plants with showy monopetalous flowers,
including the morning-glory, the sweet potato, and the cypress
vine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ip`o*m&oelig;"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the oxidation
of convolvulin (obtained from jalap, the tubers of <i>Ipom&oelig;a
purga</i>), and identical in most of its properties with sebacic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir-</hw> (?). <def>A form of the prefix <i>in</i>-. See <u>In-
</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ra*cund</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>iracundus</i>,
fr. <i>ira</i> anger.] <def>Irascible; choleric.</def>
"<i>Iracund</i> people."  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*ra"de</hw> (&esl;*r&auml;"d&asl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Turk.] <def>A decree of the Sultan.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`ran"</hw> (&emacr;`r&auml;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mod.
Persian <i>Ir&amacr;n</i>.  Cf. <u>Aryan</u>.] <def>The native name
of Persia.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*ra"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Iran.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of
Iran; also, the Iranian or Persian language, a division of the Aryan
family of languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*ran"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Iranian.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*ras`ci*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>irascibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
irascible; irritability of temper; irascibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*ras"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irascibilis</i>, fr. <i>irasci</i> to be angry, <i>ira</i> anger:
cf. F. <i>irascible</i>. See <u>Ire</u>.] <def>Prone to anger; easily
provoked or inflamed to anger; choleric; irritable; as, an
<i>irascible</i> man; an <i>irascible</i> temper or mood.</def> --
<wf>I*ras"ci*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>I*ras"ci*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>I*rate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>iratus</i>, fr.
<i>irasci</i> to be angry. See <u>Ire</u>.] <def>Angry; incensed;
enraged.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>irate</i> colonel . . . stood
speechless.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Jaggers suddenly became most
<i>irate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>ira</i>.]
<def>Anger; wrath.</def> [Poet.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Anger; passion; rage; fury. See <u>Anger</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ire"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of ire;
angry; wroth.</def> "The <i>ireful</i> bastard Orleans." <i>Shak.</i>
-- <wf>Ire"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ire"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Wrathfulness.</def>  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"re*narch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irenarcha</i>, <i>irenarches</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; peace + &?; to
rule.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>An officer in the Greek empire having
functions corresponding to those of a justice of the peace.</def>
[Written also <i>eirenarch</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>I*ren"ic</hw> (?), <hw>I*ren"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Fitted or designed to promote
peace; pacific; conciliatory; peaceful.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||I*ren"i*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; peaceful, fr. &?; peace.] <def>A proposition or device for
securing peace, especially in the church.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*ren"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>That branch of Christian science which treats of the methods of
securing unity among Christians or harmony and union among the
churches; -- called also <i>Irenical theology</i>.</def>  <i>Schaff-
Herzog.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ire"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Any very hard rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the iris.</def> "<i>Irian</i> nerves."  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"ri*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Irishism.</def>
[R.]  <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ir`i*da"ceous</hw> (?), <hw>I*rid"e*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From NL. <i>Iris</i>, <i>Iridis</i>, the Iris.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a large natural
order of endogenous plants (<i>Iridace&aelig;</i>), which includes
the genera <i>Iris</i>, <i>Ixia</i>, <i>Crocus</i>, <i>Gladiolus</i>,
and many others.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ri*dal</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>iris</i>,
<i>iridis</i>, rainbow. See <u>Iris</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
the iris or rainbow; prismatic; as, the <i>iridal</i> colors.</def>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`i*dec"to*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
iris + &?; cutting out; &?; out + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.]
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The act or process of cutting out a portion of
the iris in order to form an artificial pupil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`i*des"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Iridescent</u>.] <def>Exhibition of colors like those of the
rainbow; the quality or state of being iridescent; a prismatic play
of color; as, the <i>iridescence</i> of mother-of-pearl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`i*des"cent</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>iris</i>, <i>iridis</i>, the rainbow: cf. F. <i>iridescent</i>.]
<def>Having colors like the rainbow; exhibiting a play of changeable
colors; nacreous; prismatic; as, <i>iridescent</i> glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*rid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the iris or rainbow.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*rid"i*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Iridescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*rid"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the iris of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*rid"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to iridium; -- said specifically of those compounds in
which iridium has a relatively high valence.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*rid"i*o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Iris</u>, and <u>-scope</u>.] <def>A kind of
ophthalmoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*rid"i*ous</hw> (&isl;*r&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to iridium;
-- applied specifically to compounds in which iridium has a low
valence.</def></p>

<p><! p. 788 !></p>

<p><hw>I*rid"i*um</hw> (&isl;*r&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>iris</i>, <i>iridis</i>, the
rainbow. So called from the iridescence of some of its solutions. See
<u>Iris</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element, of the
same group as platinum, which it much resembles, being silver-white,
but harder, and brittle, and indifferent to most corrosive agents.
With the exception of osmium, it is the heaviest substance known, its
specific gravity being 22.4. Symbol Ir. Atomic weight
192.5.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Iridium usually occurs as a native alloy with osmium
(<i>iridosmine</i> or <i>osmiridium</i>), which may occur alone or
with platinum. Iridium, as an alloy with platinum, is used in bushing
the vents of heavy ordnance. It is also used for the points of gold
pens, and in a finely powdered condition (<i>iridium black</i>), for
painting porcelain black.</p>

<p><hw>Ir"i*dize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Iridized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Iridizing</u> (?).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To point or tip with iridium, as a gold
pen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make iridescent; as, to <i>iridize</i>
glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*rid"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Irid</i>escent
+ L. <i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous base
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>9</sub>N, extracted from coal-tar naphtha, as an
oily liquid. It is a member of the quinoline series, and is probably
identical with <i>lepidine</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ir`i*dos"mine</hw> (?), <hw>Ir`i*dos"mi*um</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Irid</i>ium + <i>osmium</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>The native compound of iridium and osmium. It is found in
flattened metallic grains of extreme hardness, and is often used for
pointing gold pens.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Irises</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Irides</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>iris</i>, <i>iridis</i>, the goddess, Gr. &?;, &?;, the rainbow,
iris of the eye, the plant Iris.  Cf. <u>Orris</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The goddess of the
rainbow, and swift-footed messenger of the gods.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The rainbow.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An appearance resembling the rainbow; a
prismatic play of colors.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The contractile membrane
perforated by the pupil, and forming the colored portion of the eye.
See <u>Eye</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants having
showy flowers and bulbous or tuberous roots, of which the flower-de-
luce (<i>fleur-de-lis</i>), orris, and other species of flag are
examples. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Flower-de-luce</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>See <u>Fleur-de-lis</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ris*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Iris</u>.]
<def>Exhibiting the prismatic colors; irised; iridescent.</def>
<i>W. Phillips.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"ri*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iris</i> + <i>-
scope</i>.] <def>A philosophical toy for exhibiting the prismatic
tints by means of thin films.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"rised</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Iris</u>.]
<def>Having colors like those of the rainbow; iridescent.</def>
<i>Holmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"rish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&?;risc</i>, fr.
<i>&?;ras</i> the Irish.  Cf. <u>Aryan</u>, <u>Erse</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Ireland or to its inhabitants; produced in
Ireland.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Irish elk</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Elk</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Irish moss</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Carrageen</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
preparation of the same made into a blanc mange.</cd> --
<col><b>Irish poplin</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Poplin</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Irish potato</b></col>, <cd>the ordinary white potato, so
called because it is a favorite article of food in Ireland.</cd> --
<col><b>Irish reef</b></col>, or <col><b>Irishman's reef</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the head of a sail tied up.</cd> -- <col><b>Irish
stew</b></col>, <cd>meat, potatoes, and onions, cut in small pieces
and stewed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I*rish"</hw>, <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The natives or inhabitants of
Ireland, esp. the Celtic natives or their descendants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of the Irish; the Hiberno-
Celtic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An old game resembling
backgammon.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*rish"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mode of
speaking peculiar to the Irish; an Hibernicism.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"rish*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Irishmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man born in Ireland or of
the Irish race; an Hibernian.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Irishman's hurricane</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a dead
calm.</cd> -- <col><b>Irishman's reef</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Irish reef</i>, under <u>Irish</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>I"rish*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Celtic
people of Ireland.</def> "The whole <i>Irishry</i> of rebels."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||I*ri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Iris</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inflammation of
the iris of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Irk</hw> (&etilde;rk), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>irken</i> to tire, become tired; cf. Sw. <i>yrka</i> to urge,
enforce, press, or G. <i>ekel</i> disgust, MHG. <i>erklich</i>
disgusting; perh. akin to L. <i>urgere</i> to urge, E. <i>urge</i>.]
<def>To weary; to give pain; to annoy; -- used only impersonally at
present.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To see this sight, it <i>irks</i> my very
soul.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>irketh</i> him to be here.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Irk"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearisome; tedious; disagreeable or troublesome by reason of
long continuance or repetition; as, <i>irksome</i> hours;
<i>irksome</i> tasks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For not to <i>irksome</i> toil, but to delight,<BR>
He made us.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weary; vexed; uneasy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let us therefore learn not to be <i>irksome</i> when
God layeth his cross upon us.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wearisome; tedious; tiresome; vexatious;
burdensome.  -- <u>Irksome</u>, <u>Wearisome</u>, <u>Tedious</u>.
These epithets describe things which give pain or disgust.
<i>Irksome</i> is applied to something which disgusts by its nature
or quality; as, an <i>irksome</i> task. <i>Wearisome</i> denotes that
which wearies or <i>wears</i> us out by severe labor; as,
<i>wearisome</i> employment. <i>Tedious</i> is applied to something
which tires us out by the length of time occupied in its performance;
as, a <i>tedious</i> speech.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wearisome</i> nights are appointed to
me.</blockquote> <i>Job vii. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pity only on fresh objects stays,<BR>
But with the <i>tedious</i> sight of woes decays.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Irk"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Irk"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>I"ron</hw> (&imacr;"&ubreve;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>iren</i>, AS. <i>&imacr;ren</i>, <i>&imacr;sen</i>,
<i>&imacr;sern</i>; akin to D. <i>ijzer</i>, OS. <i>&imacr;sarn</i>,
OHG. <i>&imacr;sarn</i>, <i>&imacr;san</i>, G. <i>eisen</i>, Icel.
<i>&imacr;sarn</i>, <i>j&amacr;rn</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>jern</i>, and
perh. to E. <i>ice</i>; cf. Ir. <i>iarann</i>, W. <i>haiarn</i>,
Armor. <i>houarn</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The most common and most
useful metallic element, being of almost universal occurrence,
usually in the form of an oxide (as <i>hematite</i>,
<i>magnetite</i>, etc.), or a hydrous oxide (as <i>limonite</i>,
<i>turgite</i>, etc.). It is reduced on an enormous scale in three
principal forms; viz., <i>cast iron</i>, <i>steel</i>, and <i>wrought
iron</i>. Iron usually appears dark brown, from oxidation or
impurity, but when pure, or on a fresh surface, is a gray or white
metal. It is easily oxidized (rusted) by moisture, and is attacked by
many corrosive agents. Symbol Fe (Latin <i>Ferrum</i>). Atomic weight
55.9. Specific gravity, pure iron, 7.86; cast iron, 7.1. In magnetic
properties, it is superior to all other substances.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The value of iron is largely due to the facility with which
it can be worked. Thus, when heated it is malleable and ductile, and
can be easily welded and forged at a high temperature. As <i>cast
iron</i>, it is easily fusible; as <i>steel</i>, is very tough, and
(when tempered) very hard and elastic. Chemically, iron is grouped
with cobalt and nickel. <i>Steel</i> is a variety of iron containing
more carbon than wrought iron, but less that cast iron. It is made
either from wrought iron, by roasting in a packing of carbon
(<i>cementation</i>) or from cast iron, by burning off the impurities
in a Bessemer converter (then called <i>Bessemer steel</i>), or
directly from the iron ore (as in the Siemens rotatory and generating
furnace).</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument or utensil made of iron; --
chiefly in composition; as, a flat<i>iron</i>, a smoothing
<i>iron</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My young soldier, put up your
<i>iron</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Fetters; chains; handcuffs;
manacles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Four of the sufferers were left to rot in
<i>irons</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Strength; power; firmness; inflexibility;
as, to rule with a rod of <i>iron</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bar iron</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Wrought iron</i>
(below).</cd> -- <col><b>Bog iron</b></col>, <cd>bog ore; limonite.
See <i>Bog ore</i>, under <u>Bog</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cast
iron</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>an impure variety of iron,
containing from three to six percent of carbon, part of which is
united with a part of the iron, as a carbide, and the rest is
uncombined, as graphite. It there is little free carbon, the product
is <i>white iron</i>; if much of the carbon has separated as
graphite, it is called <i>gray iron</i>. See also <u>Cast iron</u>,
in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire irons</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Fire</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Gray
irons</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fire</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd>
-- <col><b>Gray iron</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Cast iron</i>
(above).</cd> -- <col><b>It irons</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>said
of a sailing vessel, when, in tacking, she comes up head to the wind
and will not fill away on either tack.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic
iron</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Magnetite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Malleable
iron</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>iron sufficiently pure or soft to
be capable of extension under the hammer; also, specif., a kind of
iron produced by removing a portion of the carbon or other impurities
from cast iron, rendering it less brittle, and to some extent
malleable.</cd> -- <col><b>Meteoric iron</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>iron forming a large, and often the chief, ingredient of
meteorites. It invariably contains a small amount of nickel and
cobalt.  Cf. <u>Meteorite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pig iron</b></col>,
<cd>the form in which cast iron is made at the blast furnace, being
run into molds, called <i>pigs</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Reduced
iron</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Reduced</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Specular iron</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Hematite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Too many irons in the fire</b></col>, <cd>too many objects
requiring the attention at once.</cd> -- <col><b>White
iron</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Cast iron</i> (above).</cd> --
<col><b>Wrought iron</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>the purest form
of iron commonly known in the arts, containing only about half of one
per cent of carbon. It is made either directly from the ore, as in
the Catalan forge or bloomery, or by purifying (<i>puddling</i>) cast
iron in a reverberatory furnace or refinery. It is tough, malleable,
and ductile. When formed into bars, it is called <i>bar
iron</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I"ron</hw> (&imacr;"&ubreve;rn), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&imacr;ren</i>, <i>&imacr;sen</i>. See <u>Iron</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, or made of iron; consisting of iron;
as, an <i>iron</i> bar, dust.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling iron in color; as, <i>iron</i>
blackness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Like iron in hardness, strength,
impenetrability, power of endurance, insensibility, etc.;</def>
as:</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Rude; hard; harsh; severe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Iron</i> years of wars and dangers.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jove crushed the nations with an <i>iron</i>
rod.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Firm; robust; enduring; as, an
<i>iron</i> constitution.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Inflexible; unrelenting; as, an
<i>iron</i> will.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Not to be broken; holding or binding
fast; tenacious.</def> "Him death's <i>iron</i> sleep oppressed."
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Iron</i> is often used in composition, denoting <i>made
of iron</i>, <i>relating to iron</i>, <i>of or with iron</i>;
<i>producing iron</i>, etc.; <i>resembling</i> iron, literally or
figuratively, in some of its properties or characteristics; as,
<i>iron</i>-shod, <i>iron</i>-sheathed, <i>iron</i>-fisted,
<i>iron</i>-framed, <i>iron</i>-handed, <i>iron</i>-hearted,
<i>iron</i> foundry or <i>iron</i>-foundry.</p>

<p><col><b>Iron age</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Myth.)</i>
<cd>The age following the golden, silver, and bronze ages, and
characterized by a general degeneration of talent and virtue, and of
literary excellence. In Roman literature the <i>Iron Age</i> is
commonly regarded as beginning after the taking of Rome by the Goths,
<u>A. D.</u> 410.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i>
<cd>That stage in the development of any people characterized by the
use of iron implements in the place of the more cumbrous stone and
bronze.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron cement</b></col>, <cd>a cement for
joints, composed of cast-iron borings or filings, sal ammoniac,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron clay</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a
yellowish clay containing a large proportion of an ore of iron.</cd>
-- <col><b>Iron cross</b></col>, <cd>a Prussian order of military
merit; also, the decoration of the order.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron
crown</b></col>, <cd>a golden crown set with jewels, belonging
originally to the Lombard kings, and indicating the dominion of
Italy. It was so called from containing a circle said to have been
forged from one of the nails in the cross of Christ.</cd> --
<col><b>Iron flint</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>an opaque, flintlike,
ferruginous variety of quartz.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron
founder</b></col>, <cd>a maker of iron castings.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron
foundry</b></col>, <cd>the place where iron castings are made.</cd> -
- <col><b>Iron furnace</b></col>, <cd>a furnace for reducing iron
from the ore, or for melting iron for castings, etc.; a forge; a
reverberatory; a bloomery.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron glance</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>hematite.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron hat</b></col>,
<cd>a headpiece of iron or steel, shaped like a hat with a broad
brim, and used as armor during the Middle Ages.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron
horse</b></col>, <cd>a locomotive engine.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>Iron liquor</b></col>, <cd>a solution of an iron salt, used
as a mordant by dyers.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron man</b></col> <i>(Cotton
Manuf.)</i>, <cd>a name for the self-acting spinning mule.</cd> --
<col><b>Iron</b></col> <col><b>mold or mould</b></col>, <cd>a yellow
spot on cloth stained by rusty iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron
ore</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>any native compound of iron from
which the metal may be profitably extracted. The principal ores are
magnetite, hematite, siderite, limonite, G&ouml;thite, turgite, and
the bog and clay iron ores.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron pyrites</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>common pyrites, or pyrite. See
<u>Pyrites</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron sand</b></col>, <cd>an iron ore
in grains, usually the magnetic iron ore, formerly used to sand paper
after writing.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron scale</b></col>, <cd>the thin
film which forms on the surface of wrought iron in the process of
forging. It consists essentially of the magnetic oxide of iron,
Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron works</b></col>,
<cd>a furnace where iron is smelted, or a forge, rolling mill, or
foundry, where it is made into heavy work, such as shafting, rails,
cannon, merchant bar, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I"ron</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ironed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ironing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To smooth with an instrument of iron;
especially, to smooth, as cloth, with a heated flatiron; -- sometimes
used with <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shackle with irons; to fetter or
handcuff.</def> "<i>Ironed</i> like a malefactor."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish or arm with iron; as, to
<i>iron</i> a wagon.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*bark` tree`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The Australian
<i>Eucalyptus Sideroxylon</i>, used largely by carpenters and
shipbuilders; -- called also <i>ironwood</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bound as with iron; rugged; as, an <i>ironbound</i>
coast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rigid; unyielding; as, <i>ironbound</i>
traditions.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron-cased`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cased or
covered with iron, as a vessel; ironclad.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*clad`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Clad in iron; protected or covered with iron, as a vessel for
naval warfare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rigorous; severe; exacting; as, an
<i>ironclad</i> oath or pledge.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>I"ron*clad`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A naval vessel
having the parts above water covered and protected by iron or steel
usually in large plates closely joined and made sufficiently thick
and strong to resist heavy shot.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, irons.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron-fist`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Closefisted;
stingy; mean.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron-gray`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a gray
color, somewhat resembling that of iron freshly broken.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An iron-gray color; also, a horse of this
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*heads`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A European composite herb (<i>Centaurea nigra</i>); -- so called
from the resemblance of its knobbed head to an iron ball fixed on a
long handle.</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"ron-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hard-
hearted; unfeeling; cruel; as, an <i>iron-hearted</i> master.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*ron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ironical.</def>
<i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*ron"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>ironicus</i>, Gr. &?; dissembling: cf. F. <i>ironique</i>. See
<u>Irony</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to irony; containing,
expressing, or characterized by, irony; as, an <i>ironical</i>
remark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Addicted to the use of irony; given to
irony.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>I*ron"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>I*ron"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of smoothing, as clothes, with hot
flatirons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The clothes ironed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ironing board</b></col>, <cd>a flat board, upon which
clothes are laid while being ironed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling iron, as
in taste.</def>  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses
irony.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
manufacturer of iron, or large dealer therein.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hurd.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dealer in
iron or hardware.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*mon`ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hardware;
a general name for all articles made of iron.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"ron-sick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Having the ironwork loose or corroded; -- said of a ship when
her bolts and nails are so eaten with rust that she has become
leaky.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron-sid`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having iron
sides, or very firm sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*sides"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cuirassier
or cuirassiers; also, hardy veteran soldiers; -- applied specifically
to Cromwell's cavalry.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*smith`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A worker in iron; one who makes and repairs utensils of iron; a
blacksmith.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An East Indian barbet
(<i>Megalaima faber</i>), inhabiting the Island of Hainan. The name
alludes to its note, which resembles the sounds made by a
smith.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hard,
earthy ore of iron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clay ironstone</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Clay</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Ironstone china</b></col>, <cd>a hard white pottery, first
made in England during the 18th century.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Articles made
of iron, as household utensils, tools, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A tall weed with purplish flowers (<i>Vernonia
Noveboracensis</i>). The name is also applied to other plants of the
same genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A tree unusually hard, strong, or heavy wood.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States, the hornbeam and the hop hornbeam are
so called; also the <i>Olneya Tesota</i>, a small tree of Arizona; in
the West Indies, the <i>Erythroxylon areolatum</i>, and several other
unrelated trees; in China, the <i>Metrosideros vera</i>; in India,
the <i>Mesua ferrea</i>, and two species of <i>Inga</i>; in
Australia, the <i>Eucalyptus Sideroxylon</i>, and in many countries,
species of <i>Sideroxylon</i> and <i>Diospyros</i>, and many other
trees.</p>

<p><hw>I"ron*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything made
of iron; -- a general name of such parts or pieces of a building,
vessel, carriage, etc., as consist of iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron works`</hw>. <def>See under <u>Iron</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An herb of the Mint family (<i>Sideritis</i>), supposed to heal
sword cuts; also, a species of <i>Galeopsis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Iron</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made or consisting of iron; partaking of
iron; iron; as, <i>irony</i> chains; <i>irony</i> particles.</def>
[R.] <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling iron in taste, hardness, or
other physical property.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ironia</i>, Gr.
&?; dissimulation, fr. &?; a dissembler in speech, fr. &?; to speak;
perh. akin to E. <i>word</i>: cf. F. <i>ironie</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dissimulation; ignorance feigned for the
purpose of confounding or provoking an antagonist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sort of humor, ridicule, or light
sarcasm, which adopts a mode of speech the meaning of which is
contrary to the literal sense of the words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`o*quois"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A powerful and warlike confederacy of Indian
tribes, formerly inhabiting Central New York and constituting most of
the Five Nations. Also, any Indian of the Iroquois tribes.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>iros</i>, from
<i>ire</i>. See <u>Ire</u>.] <def>Irascible; passionate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Irp</hw>, <hw>Irpe</hw>  } (&etilde;rp),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A fantastic grimace or
contortion of the body.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Smirks and <i>irps</i> and all affected
humors.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 789 !></p>

<p><hw>Irp</hw> (&etilde;rp), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making
irps.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ir*ra"di*ance</hw>
(&ibreve;r*r&amacr;"d&ibreve;*<i>a</i>ns), <hw>Ir*ra"di*an*cy</hw> (-
<i>a</i>n*s&ybreve;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Irradiant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of irradiating; emission of rays
of light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which irradiates or is irradiated;
luster; splendor; irradiation; brilliancy.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*ra"di*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irradians</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. See <u>Irradiate</u>.]
<def>Irradiating or illuminating; as, the <i>irradiant</i>
moon.</def>  <i>Boyse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*ra"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Irradiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Irradiating</u> (?).] [L. <i>irradiatus</i>, p. p. of
irradiate. See <u>In-</u> <i>in</i>, and <u>Radiate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw rays of light upon; to
illuminate; to brighten; to adorn with luster.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy smile <i>irradiates</i> yon blue
fields.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Jones.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enlighten intellectually; to
illuminate; as, to <i>irradiate</i> the mind.</def>  <i>Bp.
Bull.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To animate by heat or light.</def>  <i>Sir
M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To radiate, shed, or diffuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A splendid fa&ccedil;ade, . . . <i>irradiating</i>
hospitality.</blockquote> <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*ra"di*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To emit rays;
to shine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*ra"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irradiatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Illuminated; irradiated.</def>
<i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*ra`di*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>irradiation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of irradiating, or state of being
irradiated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Illumination; irradiance;
brilliancy.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Mental light or illumination.</def>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The apparent enlargement of
a bright object seen upon a dark ground, due to the fact that the
portions of the retina around the image are stimulated by the intense
light; as when a dark spot on a white ground appears smaller, or a
white spot on a dark ground larger, than it really is, esp. when a
little out of focus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rad"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To root
deeply.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ir*ra"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irrationalis</i>: cf. F. <i>irrationnel</i>. See <u>In-</u> not,
and <u>Rational</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not rational; void of reason or
understanding; as, brutes are <i>irrational</i> animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not according to reason; absurd;
foolish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It seemed utterly <i>irrational</i> any longer to
maintain it.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Not capable of being
exactly expressed by an integral number, or by a vulgar fraction;
surd; -- said especially of roots. See <u>Surd</u>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Absurd; foolish; preposterous; unreasonable;
senseless. See <u>Absurd</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ir*ra`tion*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being irrational.</def> "Brutish
<i>irrationaliity</i>."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*ra"tion*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
irrational manner.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*ra"tion*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Irrationality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*but"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being rebutted.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*cep"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
receiving; incapable of receiving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*claim"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incapable of being reclaimed.</def> <i>Addison.</i> --
<wf>Ir`re*claim"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>ad&?;.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rec`og*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>in-
</i> not + <i>recognition</i>.] <def>A failure to recognize; absence
of recognition.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rec"og*ni`za*ble</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Not recognizable.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rec`on*ci`la*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being irreconcilable;
irreconcilableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rec"on*ci`la*ble</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>ir-</i> not + <i>reconcilable</i>: cf. F.
<i>irr&eacute;conciliable</i>.] <def>Not reconcilable; implacable;
incompatible; inconsistent; disagreeing; as, <i>irreconcilable</i>
enemies, statements.</def> -- <wf>Ir*rec"on*ci`la*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ir*rec"on*ci`la*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rec"on*cile`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
prevent from being reconciled; to alienate or disaffect.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ir*rec"on*cile`ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being unreconciled; disagreement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rec`on*cil`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Want of reconciliation; disagreement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*cord"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ir--
</i> not + <i>record</i>: cf. L. <i>irrecordabilis</i> not to be
remembered.] <def>Not fit or possible to be recorded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*cov"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
capable of being recovered, regained, or remedied; irreparable; as,
an <i>irrecoverable</i> loss, debt, or injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which is past is gone and
<i>irrecoverable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Irreparable; irretrievable; irremediable;
unalterable; incurable; hopeless.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ir`re*cov"er*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ir`re*cov"er*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*cu"per*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irrecuperabilis</i>: cf. OF. <i>irrecuperable</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Recuperate</u>.] <def>Irrecoverable.</def> --
<wf>Ir`re*cu"per*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*cured"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incurable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*cu"sa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irrecusabilis</i>; pref. <i>ir--</i> not + <i>recusabilis</i> that
should be rejected, fr. <i>recusare</i> to reject: cf. F.
<i>irr&eacute;cusable</i>.] <def>Not liable to exception or
rejection.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*deem`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being irredeemable; irredeemableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*deem"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
redeemable; that can not be redeemed; not payable in gold or silver,
as a bond; -- used especially of such government notes, issued as
currency, as are not convertible into coin at the pleasure of the
holder.</def> -- <wf>Ir`re*deem"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*du`ci*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being irreducible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*du"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being reduced, or brought into a
different state; incapable of restoration to its proper or normal
condition; as, an <i>irreducible</i> hernia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Incapable of being reduced
to a simpler form of expression; as, an <i>irreducible</i>
formula.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Irreducible case</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>a particular
case in the solution of a cubic equation, in which the formula
commonly employed contains an imaginary quantity, and therefore fails
in its application.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ir`re*du"ci*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- --
<wf>Ir`re*du"ci*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*flec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
reflection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*flect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
reflective.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*form"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being reformed; incorrigible.</def>  <i>Joseph Cook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*ref`ra*ga*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being irrefragable; incapability of being
refuted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*ref"ra*ga*ble</hw>
(&ibreve;r*r&ebreve;f"r&adot;*g&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>irr&eacute;fragable</i>, L. <i>irrefragabilis</i>. See
<u>Refragable</u>.] <def>Not refragable; not to be gainsaid or
denied; not to be refuted or overthrown; unanswerable; incontestable;
undeniable; as, an <i>irrefragable</i> argument; <i>irrefragable</i>
evidence.</def> -- <wf>Ir*ref"ra*ga*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ir*ref"ra*ga*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Incontrovertible; unanswerable; indisputable;
unquestionable; incontestable; indubitable; undeniable;
irrefutable.</p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*fran`gi*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being irrefrangible; irrefrangibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*fran"gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
refrangible; that can not be refracted in passing from one medium to
another.</def> -- <wf>Ir`re*fran"gi*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*fut"a*ble</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irrefutabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>irr&eacute;futable</i>.  See
<u>Refute</u>.] <def>Incapable of being refuted or disproved;
indisputable.</def> -- <wf>Ir`re*fut"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ir`re*fut"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*gen"er*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unregeneracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*gen`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
unregenerate state.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ir*reg"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ir-</i>
not + <i>regular</i>: cf. F. <i>irr&eacute;gulier</i>.] <def>Not
regular; not conforming to a law, method, or usage recognized as the
general rule; not according to common form; not conformable to
nature, to the rules of moral rectitude, or to established
principles; not normal; unnatural; immethodical; unsymmetrical;
erratic; no straight; not uniform; as, an <i>irregular</i> line; an
<i>irregular</i> figure; an <i>irregular</i> verse; an
<i>irregular</i> physician; an <i>irregular</i> proceeding;
<i>irregular</i> motion; <i>irregular</i> conduct, etc.  Cf.
<u>Regular</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mazes intricate,<BR>
Eccentric, intervolved, yet regular<BR>
Then most when most <i>irregular</i> they seem.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Leading the men of Herefordshire to fight<BR>
Against the <i>irregular</i> and wild Glendower.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A flowery meadow through which a clear stream murmured
in many <i>irregular</i> meanders.</blockquote> <i>Jones.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Immethodical; unsystematic; abnormal; unnatural;
anomalous; erratic; devious; crooked; eccentric; unsettled; uneven;
variable; changeable; mutable; desultory; disorderly; wild;
immoderate; intemperate; inordinate; vicious.</p>

<p><hw>Ir*reg"u*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is not
regular; especially, a soldier not in regular service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*reg"u*lar*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
irregular.</def>  <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*reg`u*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Irregularities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>irr&eacute;gularit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of
being irregular; that which is irregular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*reg"u*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
irregular manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*reg"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
irregular; to disorder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*reg"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lawless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*ject"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That can
not be rejected; irresistible.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*laps"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
liable to relapse; secure.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Irrelative;
unconnected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being irrelative; want of connection or
relation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rel"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
relative; without mutual relations; unconnected.</def> --
<wf>Ir*rel"a*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Irrelative chords</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>those
having no common tone.</cd> -- <col><b>Irrelative
repetition</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the multiplication of parts
that serve for a common purpose, but have no mutual dependence or
connection.</cd> <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rel"a*vance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Irrelevancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rel"a*van*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being irrelevant; as, the <i>irrelevancy</i> of
an argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rel"a*vant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
relevant; not applicable or pertinent; not bearing upon or serving to
support; foreign; extraneous; as, testimony or arguments
<i>irrelevant</i> to a case.</def> -- <wf>Ir*rel"a*vant*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*liev"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
admitting relief; incurable; hopeless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*li"gion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irreligio</i>: cf. F. <i>irr&eacute;ligion</i>. See <u>In-</u>
not, and <u>Religion</u>.] <def>The state of being irreligious; want
of religion; impiety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*li"gion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
irreligious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*li"gious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irreligiosus</i>: cf. F. <i>irr&eacute;ligieux</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of religion; not controlled by
religious motives or principles; ungodly.  Cf.
<u>Impious</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shame and reproach are generally the portion of the
impious and <i>irreligious</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indicating a want of religion; profane;
wicked; as, <i>irreligious</i> speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*li"gious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
irreligious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*li"gious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being irreligious; ungodliness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*re"me*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irremeabilis</i>; pref. <i>ir-</i> not + <i>remeabilis</i>
returning, fr. <i>remeare</i>:  cf. F.
<i>irr&eacute;m&eacute;able</i>. See <u>Remeant</u>.] <def>Admitting
no return; as, an <i>irremeable</i> way.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*me"di*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irremediabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>irr&eacute;m&eacute;diable</i>. See
<u>In-</u> not, and <u>Remediable</u>.] <def>Not to be remedied,
corrected, or redressed; incurable; as, an <i>irremediable</i>
disease or evil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*me"di*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being irremediable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*me"di*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner, or to a degree, that precludes remedy, cure, or
correction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*mis"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irremissibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>irr&eacute;missible</i>. See <u>In-
</u> not, and <u>Remissible</u>.] <def>Not remissible; unpardonable;
as, <i>irremissible</i> crimes.</def> <i>Burke.</i> --
<wf>Ir`re*mis"si*ble</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ir`re*mis"si*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Refusal of
pardon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*mis"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
remitting; unforgiving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*mit"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
capable of being remitted; irremissible.</def>  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*mov`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being irremovable; immovableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*mov"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
removable; immovable; inflexible.</def> <i>Shak.</i> --
<wf>Ir`re*mov"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*mov"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence of
removal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*mu"ner*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irremunerabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>irr&eacute;mun&eacute;rable</i>.
See <u>Remunerate</u>.] <def>Not remunerable; not capable of
remuneration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*nowned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
renowned.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ir*rep`a*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>irr&eacute;parabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of
being irreparable; irreparableness.</def>  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rep"a*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irreparabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>irr&eacute;parable</i>. See <u>In-
</u> not, and <u>Reparable</u>.] <def>Not reparable; not capable of
being repaired, recovered, regained, or remedied; irretrievable;
irremediable; as, an <i>irreparable</i> breach; an <i>irreparable</i>
loss.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rep"a*ra*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality
of being irreparable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rep"a*ra*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
irreparable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*peal`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being irrepealable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*peal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
repealable; not capable of being repealed or revoked, as a law.</def>
-- <wf>Ir`re*peal"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ir`re*peal"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*pent"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
repentance; impenitence.</def>  <i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ir`re*plev"i*a*ble</hw> (?), <hw>Ir`re*plev"i*sa*ble</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Not capable of being
replevied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rep`re*hen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irreprehensibilis</i>: cf. F.
<i>irr&eacute;pr&eacute;hensible</i>. See <u>Reprehensible</u>.]
<def>Not reprehensible; blameless; innocent.</def> --
<wf>Ir*rep`re*hen"si*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ir*rep`re*hen"si*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rep`re*sent"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
capable of being represented or portrayed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*press"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
capable of being repressed, restrained, or controlled; as,
<i>irrepressible</i> joy; an <i>irrepressible</i> conflict.</def>
<i>W. H. Steward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*press"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner or to a degree that can not be repressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*proach"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>ir-</i> not + <i>reproachable</i>: cf. F.
<i>irr&eacute;prochable</i>.] <def>Not reproachable; above reproach;
not deserving reproach; blameless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Berkely] erred, -- and who is free from error? --
but his intentions were <i>irreproachable</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*proach"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being irreproachable; integrity;
innocence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*proach"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
irreproachable manner; blamelessly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*prov"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being justly reproved; irreproachable; blameless; upright.</def> -
- <wf>Ir`re*prov"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ir`re*prov"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir`rep*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irrepere</i>, <i>irreptum</i>, to creep in; pref. <i>ir-</i> in +
<i>repere</i> to creep.] <def>Surreptitious; spurious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. Castell (1673).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rep"u*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Disreputable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*sil"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
resilient; not recoiling or rebounding; inelastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*sist"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Nonresistance; passive submission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*sist`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>irr&eacute;sistibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of
being irresistible, irresistibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*sist"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ir-
</i> not + <i>resistible</i>: cf. F. <i>irr&eacute;sistible</i>.]
<def>That can not be successfully resisted or opposed; superior to
opposition; resistless; overpowering; as, an <i>irresistible</i>
attraction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>irresistible</i> law of our nature impels us to
seek happiness.</blockquote> <i>J. M. Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*sist"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality
of being irresistible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*sist"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
irresistible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*sist"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Irresistible.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*res"o*lu*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irresolubilis</i>: cf. F. <i>irr&eacute;soluble</i>. See
<u>Resoluble</u>, and cf. <u>Irresolvable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being dissolved or resolved
into parts; insoluble.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being relieved or
assisted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The second is in the <i>irresoluble</i> condition of
our souls after a known sin committed.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*res"o*lu*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being irresoluble; insolubility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*res"o*lute</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ir-</i>
not + <i>resolute</i>: cf. F. <i>irr&eacute;solu</i>, L.
<i>irresolutus</i> not loosened.] <def>Not resolute; not decided or
determined; wavering; given to doubt or irresolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Weak and <i>irresolute</i> is man.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wavering; vacillating; undetermined; undecided;
unsettled; fickle; changeable; inconstant.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ir*res"o*lute*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ir*res"o*lute*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir*res`o*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>irr&eacute;solution</i>.] <def>Want of resolution; want of
decision in purpose; a fluctuation of mind, as in doubt, or between
hope and fear; irresoluteness; indecision; vacillation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Irresolution</i> on the schemes of life which offer
themselves to our choice, and inconstancy in pursuing them, are the
greatest causes of all unhappiness.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*solv`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being irresolvable; irresolvableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*solv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ir-
</i> not + <i>resolvable</i>.  Cf. <u>Irresoluble</u>.]
<def>Incapable of being resolved; not separable into component
parts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Irresolvable nebul&aelig;</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>nebul&aelig; of a cloudlike appearance, which have not yet been
resolved by the telescope into stars.</cd>  <i>Sir W.
Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*solv"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being irresolvable; irresolvability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*solv"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
settled determination; in a hesitating manner; doubtfully.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*spec"tive</hw> (-sp&ebreve;k"t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without regard for
conditions, circumstances, or consequences; unbiased; independent;
impartial; as, an <i>irrespective</i> judgment.</def></p>

<p><! p. 790 !></p>

<p><blockquote>According to this doctrine, it must be resolved wholly
into the absolute, <i>irrespective</i> will of God.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disrespectful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir C.
Cornwallis.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Irrespective of</b></col>, <cd>regardless of; without
regard to; as, <i>irrespective of</i> differences.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*spec"tive*ly</hw>
(&ibreve;r`r&esl;*sp&ebreve;k"t&ibreve;v*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without regard to conditions; not taking
circumstances into consideration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prosperity, considered absolutely and
<i>irrespectively</i>, is better and more desirable than
adversity.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*res"pi*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irrespirabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>irrespirable</i>. See
<u>Respirable</u>.] <def>Unfit for respiration; not having the
qualities necessary to support animal life; as, <i>irrespirable</i>
air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*spon`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>irresponsabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Want of, or freedom from,
responsibility or accountability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*spon"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ir-
</i> not + <i>responsible</i>: cf. F. <i>irresponsable</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Nor responsible; not liable or able to
answer for consequences; innocent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not to be trusted; unreliable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*spon"si*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as not
to be responsible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*spon"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
responsive; not able, ready, or inclined to respond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*sus"ci*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incapable of being resuscitated or revived.</def> --
<wf>Ir`re*sus"ci*ta*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*ten"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
retaining power; forgetfulness.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*ten"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
retentive; as, an <i>irretentive</i> memory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*trace"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incapable of being retraced; not retraceable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*tract"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not retractile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not tractile or ductile.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*triev"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
retrievable; irrecoverable; irreparable; as, an <i>irretrievable</i>
loss.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Irremediable; incurable; irrecoverable.</p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*triev"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being irretrievable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*triev"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
irretrievable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*turn"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be
returned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*veal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable
of being revealed.</def> -- <wf>Ir`re*veal"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rev"er*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irreverentia</i>: cf. F. <i>irr&eacute;v&eacute;rence</i>.]
<def>The state or quality of being irreverent; want of proper
reverence; disregard of the authority and character of a
superior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rev"er*end</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Irreverent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Immodest speech, or <i>irreverend</i>
gesture.</blockquote> <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rev"er*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irreverens</i>, <i>-entis</i>: cf. F.
<i>irr&eacute;v&eacute;rent</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and
<u>Reverent</u>.] <def>Not reverent; showing a want of reverence;
expressive of a want of veneration; as, an <i>irreverent</i> babbler;
an <i>irreverent</i> jest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rev"er*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
irreverent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*vers`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being irreversible; irreversibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*vers"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being reversed or turned about
or back; incapable of being made to run backward; as, an
<i>irreversible</i> engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being reversed, recalled,
repealed, or annulled; as, an <i>irreversible</i> sentence or
decree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This rejection of the Jews, as it is not universal, so
neither is it final and <i>irreversible</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Jortin.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Irrevocable; irrepealable; unchangeable.</p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*vers"i*ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being irreversible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*vers"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
irreversible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rev`o*ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>irr&eacute;vocabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of
being irrevocable; irrevocableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rev"o*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irrevocabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>irr&eacute;vocable</i>. See <u>In-
</u> not, and <u>Revoke</u>, and cf. <u>Irrevocable</u>.]
<def>Incapable of being recalled or revoked; unchangeable;
irreversible; unalterable; as, an <i>irrevocable</i> promise or
decree; <i>irrevocable</i> fate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Firm and <i>irrevocable</i> is my doom.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ir*rev"o*ca*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ir*rev"o*ca*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*vok"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ir-
</i> not + <i>revoke</i>.] <def>Irrevocable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ir*rev"o*lu*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That has
no finite period of revolution; not revolving.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The dateless and <i>irrevoluble</i> circle of
eternity.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`rhe*tor"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
rhetorical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>   [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Irrigated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Irrigating</u> (?).] [L. <i>irrigatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>irrigare</i> to irrigate: <i>ir-</i> in + <i>rigare</i> to water;
prob. akin to E. <i>rain</i>. See <u>Rain</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To water; to wet; to moisten with running
or dropping water; to bedew.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To water, as land, by
causing a stream to flow upon, over, or through it, as in artificial
channels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`ri*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irrigatio</i>: cf. F. <i>irrigation</i>.] <def>The act or process
of irrigating, or the state of being irrigated; especially, the
operation of causing water to flow over lands, for nourishing
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rig"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irriguus</i>. See <u>Irrigate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Watered; watery; moist; dewy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The flowery lap<BR>
Of some <i>irriguous</i> valley spreads her store.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gently penetrating or pervading.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*ris"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ir-</i>
not + <i>risible</i>. See <u>Irrision</u>.] <def>Not risible.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ir*ri"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>irrisio</i>,
fr. <i>irridere</i>, <i>irrisum</i>, to laugh at; pref. <i>ir-</i> in
+ <i>ridere</i> to laugh: cf. F. <i>irrision</i>.] <def>The act of
laughing at another; derision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This being spoken <i>sceptic&egrave;</i>, or by way of
<i>irrision</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`ri*ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irritabilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>irritabilit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being irritable;
quick excitability; petulance; fretfulness; as, <i>irritability</i>
of temper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A natural
susceptibility, characteristic of all living organisms, tissues, and
cells, to the influence of certain stimuli, response being manifested
in a variety of ways, -- as that quality in plants by which they
exhibit motion under suitable stimulation; esp., the property which
living muscle possesses, of responding either to a direct stimulus of
its substance, or to the stimulating influence of its nerve fibers,
the response being indicated by a change of form, or contraction;
contractility.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition of morbid
excitability of an organ or part of the body; undue susceptibility to
the influence of stimuli. See <u>Irritation</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irritabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>irritable</i>. See
<u>Irritate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being irritated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very susceptible of anger or passion;
easily inflamed or exasperated; as, an <i>irritable</i>
temper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vicious, old, and <i>irritable</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Endowed with
irritability; susceptible of irritation; capable of being excited to
action by the application of certain stimuli.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Susceptible of irritation;
unduly sensitive to irritants or stimuli. See <u>Irritation</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Excitable; irascible; touchy; fretful; peevish.</p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*ta*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Irritability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*ta*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an irritable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 1st
<u>Irritant</u>.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The state or quality of
being null and void; invalidity; forfeiture.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*tan*cy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 2d
<u>Irritant</u>.] <def>The state or quality of being irritant or
irritating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>irritants</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>irritare</i> to make
null, fr. L. <i>irritus</i> void; pref. <i>ir-</i> not + <i>ratus</i>
established.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>Rendering null and void;
conditionally invalidating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The states elected Harry, Duke of Anjou, for their
king, with this clause <i>irritant</i>; that, if he did violate any
part of his oath, the people should owe him no
allegiance.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*tant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>irritans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>irritare</i>: cf. F. <i>irritant</i>. See
<u>Irritate</u> to excite.] <def>Irritating; producing irritation or
inflammation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*tant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>irritant</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which irritates or excites.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>Any agent by
which irritation is produced; as, a chemical <i>irritant</i>; a
mechanical or electrical <i>irritant</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Toxicology)</i> <def>A poison that produces
inflammation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Counter irritant</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Counter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pure irritant</b></col>
<i>(Toxicology)</i>, <cd>a poison that produces inflammation without
any corrosive action upon the tissues.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See 1 st
<u>Irritant</u>.] <def>To render null and void.</def> [R.]  <i>Abp.
Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Irritated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Irritating</u> (?).] [L. <i>irritatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>irritare</i>. Of doubtful origin.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To increase the action or violence of; to
heighten excitement in; to intensify; to stimulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cold maketh the spirits vigorous and <i>irritateth</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excite anger or displeasure in; to
provoke; to tease; to exasperate; to annoy; to vex; as, the insolence
of a tyrant <i>irritates</i> his subjects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dismiss the man, nor <i>irritate</i> the god:<BR>
Prevent the rage of him who reigns above.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To produce irritation
in; to stimulate; to cause to contract. See <u>Irritation</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To make morbidly excitable,
or oversensitive; to fret; as, the skin is <i>irritated</i> by
friction; to <i>irritate</i> a wound by a coarse bandage.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fret; inflame; excite; provoke; tease; vex;
exasperate; anger; incense; enrage.  -- To <u>Irritate</u>,
<u>Provoke</u>, <u>Exasperate</u>. These words express different
stages of excited or angry feeling. <i>Irritate</i> denotes an
excitement of quick and slightly angry feeling which is only
momentary; as, <i>irritated</i> by a hasty remark. To <i>provoke</i>
implies the awakening of some open expression of decided anger; as, a
<i>provoking</i> insult. <i>Exasperate</i> denotes a provoking of
anger at something unendurable. Whatever comes across our feelings
<i>irritates</i>; whatever excites anger <i>provokes</i>; whatever
raises anger to a high point <i>exasperates</i>. "Susceptible and
nervous people are most easily <i>irritated</i>; proud people are
quickly <i>provoked</i>; hot and fiery people are soonest
<i>exasperated</i>."  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excited;
heightened.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ir`ri*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irritatio</i>: cf. F. <i>irritation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of irritating, or exciting, or the
state of being irritated; excitement; stimulation, usually of an
undue and uncomfortable kind; especially, excitement of anger or
passion; provocation; annoyance; anger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole body of the arts and sciences composes one
vast machinery for the <i>irritation</i> and development of the human
intellect.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act of exciting, or
the condition of being excited to action, by stimulation; -- as, the
condition of an organ of sense, when its nerve is affected by some
external body; esp., the act of exciting muscle fibers to
contraction, by artificial stimulation; as, the <i>irritation</i> of
a motor nerve by electricity; also, the condition of a muscle and
nerve, under such stimulation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition of morbid
excitability or oversensitiveness of an organ or part of the body; a
state in which the application of ordinary stimuli produces pain or
excessive or vitiated action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving to excite or irritate; irritating;
as, an <i>irritative</i> agent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accompanied with, or produced by,
increased action or irritation; as, an <i>irritative</i> fever.</def>
<i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ri*ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exciting;
producing irritation; irritating.</def> [R.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ro*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Irrorated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Irrorating</u>.] [L. <i>irroratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>irrorare</i> to bedew; pref. <i>ir-</i> in + <i>ros</i>,
<i>roris</i>, dew.] <def>To sprinkle or moisten with dew; to
bedew.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ir"ro*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Covered with minute grains, appearing like fine sand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`ro*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>irroration</i>.] <def>The act of bedewing; the state of being
moistened with dew.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir`ro*ta"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Not rotatory; passing from one point to another
by a movement other than rotation; -- said of the movement of parts
of a liquid or yielding mass.</def>  <i>Sir W. Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ir*ru"bric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contrary to
the rubric; not rubrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ru*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irrugatus</i>, p. p. of <i>irrugare</i> to wrinkle.] <def>To
wrinkle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ir*rupt"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>irruptus</i>,
p. p. of <i>irrumpere</i> to break in; pref. <i>ir-</i> in +
<i>rumpere</i> to break or burst. See <u>Rupture</u>.] <def>Broken
with violence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir*rup"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>irruptio</i>: cf. F. <i>irruption</i>. See <u>Irrupted</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bursting in; a sudden, violent rushing
into a place; as, <i>irruptions</i> of the sea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest evil tidings, with too rude <i>irruption</i><BR>
Hitting thy aged ear, should pierce too deep.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden and violent inroad, or entrance
of invaders; as, the <i>irruptions</i> of the Goths into Italy.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Invasion; incursion; inroad. See
<u>Invasion</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ir*rup"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rushing in or
upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir"ving*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>The common designation of one a sect founded by the Rev. Edward
Irving (about 1830), who call themselves the Catholic Apostolic
Church. They are highly ritualistic in worship, have an elaborate
hierarchy of apostles, prophets, etc., and look for the speedy coming
of Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is-</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Iso-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>is</i>; akin to
G. &amp; Goth. <i>ist</i>, L. <i>est</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>asti</i>.
&radic;9.  Cf. <u>Am</u>, <u>Entity</u>, <u>Essence</u>,
<u>Absent</u>.] <def>The third person singular of the substantive
verb <i>be</i>, in the indicative mood, present tense; as, he
<i>is</i>; he <i>is</i> a man.  See <u>Be</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In some varieties of the Northern dialect of Old English,
<i>is</i> was used for all persons of the singular.</p>

<p><blockquote>For thy <i>is</i> I come, and eke Alain.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Aye <i>is</i> thou merry.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The idiom of using the present for future events sure to
happen is a relic of Old English in which the present and future had
the same form; as, this year Christmas <i>is</i> on Friday.</p>

<p><blockquote>To-morrow <i>is</i> the new moon.</blockquote> <i>1
Sam. xx. 5.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Is"a*bel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Is"a*bel
col"or</hw> (?). } [F. <i>isabelle</i>.] <def>See
<u>Isabella</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Is`a*bel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Is`a*bel"la
col"or</hw> (?) }. [Said to be named from the Spanish princess
<i>Isabella</i>, daughter of king Philip II., in allusion to the
color assumed by her shift, which she wore without change from 1601
to 1604, in consequence of a vow made by her.] <def>A brownish yellow
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is`a*bel"la grape`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A favorite
sweet American grape of a purple color. See <i>Fox grape</i>, under
Fox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is`a*bel"la moth`</hw> (?; 115). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
common American moth (<i>Pyrrharctia isabella</i>), of an isabella
color. The larva, called <i>woolly bear</i> and <i>hedgehog
caterpillar</i>, is densely covered with hairs, which are black at
each end of the body, and red in the middle part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is`a*bel"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of an isabel
or isabella color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is*ag"e*lous</hw> (&imacr;s*&abreve;g"&ebreve;*l&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Is-</i> + Gr. <grk>a`gelos</grk>
information.] <def>Containing the same information; as,
<i>isagelous</i> sentences.</def> "The coded message and the
original, though appearing entirely unlike, are completely
<i>isagelous</i>." <i>Bacon</i> "The complementary strands have
<i>isagelous</i> sequences." <i>J. D. Watson.</i> --
<hw>Is"a*gel</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of two or more
objects containing the same information.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"sa*goge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Fr. &?;, fr.
&?; to introduce; &?; into + &?; to lead.] <def>An
introduction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>I"sa*gog"ic</hw> (?), <hw>I"sa*gog"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>isagogicus</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<def>Introductory; especially, introductory to the study of
theology.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"sa*gog"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Theol.)</i>
<def>That part of theological science directly preliminary to actual
exegesis, or interpretation of the Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"sa*gon</hw> (&imacr;"s&adot;*g&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'i`sos</grk> equal + <grk>gwni`a</grk>
angle: cf. F. <i>isagone</i>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>A figure or polygon whose angles are equal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is*ap`os*tol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Having equal, or almost equal, authority with the apostles of
their teachings.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>I*sat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>I`sa*tin"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived
from, isatin; as, <i>isatic</i> acid, which is also called
<i>trioxindol</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"sa*tide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white crystalline substance obtained by the partial reduction of
isatin.</def> [Written also <i>isatyde</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>I"sa*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Isatis</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An orange-red crystalline substance,
C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>5</sub>NO<sub>2</sub>, obtained by the oxidation
of indigo blue. It is also produced from certain derivatives of
benzoic acid, and is one important source of artificial indigo.</def>
[Written also, less properly, <i>isatine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||I"sa*tis</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of
plant, Gr. &?; woad.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of herbs, some
species of which, especially the <i>Isatis tinctoria</i>, yield a
blue dye similar to indigo; woad.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*sat"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Isat</i>in +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A complex nitrogenous radical,
C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>2</sub>, regarded as the essential
residue of a series of compounds, related to isatin, which easily
pass by reduction to indigo blue.</def> -- <wf>I*sat`o*gen"ic</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> </p>

<p><hw>I`sa*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Is-</i> +
<i>atrop</i>ine.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
an acid obtained from atropine, and isomeric with cinnamic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"chi*ac</hw> (&ibreve;s"k&ibreve;*&abreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Ischial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is`chi*ad"ic</hw> (&ibreve;s`k&ibreve;*&abreve;d"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ischiadicus</i>, Gr.
<grk>'ischiadoko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>'ischi`on</grk> the hip joint, hip
or loin.  Cf. <u>Sciatic</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Ischial.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Ischiadic</b></col> <col><b>passion or disease</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a rheumatic or neuralgic affection of some part
about the hip joint; -- called also <i>sciatica</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Is"chi*al</hw> (&ibreve;s"k&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
ischium or hip; ischiac; ischiadic; ischiatic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ischial callosity</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one
of the patches of thickened, hairless, and often bright-colored skin,
on the buttocks of many apes, as the drill.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 791 !></p>

<p><hw>Is`chi*at"ic</hw> (&ibreve;s`k&ibreve;*&abreve;d"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Ischial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is`chi*o*cap"su*lar</hw> (?; 135) <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Ischium</i> + <i>capsular</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the ischium and the capsule of the hip joint; as, the
<i>ischiocapsular</i> ligament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is`chi*o*ce"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ischi`on</grk> the hip + <grk>ke`ras</grk> a horn.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The third joint or the antenn&aelig; of the
Crustacea.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Is"chi*on</hw> (?), <hw>||Is"chi*um</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., Gr. <grk>'ischi`on</grk>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The ventral and posterior of
the three principal bones composing either half of the pelvis; seat
bone; the huckle bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
pleur&aelig; of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is`chi*op"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ischi`on</grk> the hip joint + &?;, &?;, foot.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The third joint of the typical appendages of
Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is`chi*o*rec"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Ischium</i> + <i>rectal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the region between the rectum and ishial
tuberosity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is`chu*ret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
quality of relieving ischury.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
ischuretic medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"chu*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ischuria</i>,
Gr. &?;; &?; to hold, check + &?; urine: cf. F. <i>ischurie</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A retention or suppression of urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ise</hw> (?). <def>See <u>-ize</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`sen*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Is-</i> +
<i>entropy</i> + <i>-ic</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Having equal
entropy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isentropic lines</b></col>, <cd>lines which pass through
points having equal entropy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I*seth`i*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>   [<i>Is-</i> +
<i>ethionic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived from, or
designating, an acid, HO.C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.SO<sub>3</sub>H,
obtained as an oily or crystalline substance, by the action of
sulphur trioxide on alcohol or ether. It is derivative of sulphuric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ish</hw> (?). [AS. <i>-isc</i>; akin to G. <i>-isch</i>, OHG.
<i>-isc</i>, Goth. &amp; Dan. <i>-isk</i>, Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>-esque</u>.]
<def>A suffix used to from adjectives from nouns and from adjectives.
It denotes <i>relation</i>, <i>resemblance</i>, <i>similarity</i>,
and sometimes has a <i>diminutive</i> force; as, self<i>ish</i>,
boy<i>ish</i>, brut<i>ish</i>; whit<i>ish</i>, somewhat
white.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ish</hw>. [OE. <i>-issen</i>, fr. F. <i>-is</i>, <i>-iss-</i>
(found in the present particle, etc., of certain verbs, as
<i>finir</i> to finish, <i>fleurir</i> to flourish), corresponding to
L. <i>-escere</i>, an inchoative ending.] <def>A verb ending,
originally appearing in certain verbs of French origin; as,
abol<i>ish</i>, cher<i>ish</i>, fin<i>ish</i>, furn<i>ish</i>,
garn<i>ish</i>, impover<i>ish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ish"ma*el*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A descendant of Ishmael (the son of Abraham
and Hagar), of whom it was said, "His hand will be against every man,
and every man's hand against him."</def>  <i>Gen. xvi. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One at enmity with society; a wanderer; a
vagabond; an outcast.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Ismaelian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ish"ma*el*i`tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, an Ishmaelite or the
Ishmaelites.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"si*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Isiacus</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to the goddess Isis; as, <i>Isiac</i>
mysteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"si*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A icicle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Is`i*do"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining,
or ascribed, to Isidore; as, the <i>Isidorian</i> decretals, a
spurious collection of decretals published in the ninth
century.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"sin*glass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupted
fr. D. <i>huizenblas</i> (akin to G. <i>hausenblase</i>), lit.,
bladder of the huso, or large sturgeon; <i>huizen</i> sturgeon  +
<i>blas</i> bladder.  Cf. <u>Bladder</u>, <u>Blast</u> a gust of
wind.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A semitransparent, whitish, and very pure
form of gelatin, chiefly prepared from the sounds or air bladders of
various species of sturgeons (as the <i>Acipenser huso</i>) found in
the rivers of Western Russia. It used for making jellies, as a
clarifier, etc. Cheaper forms of gelatin are not unfrequently so
called. Called also <i>fish glue</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A popular name for mica,
especially when in thin sheets.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the goddess Isis,
fr. Gr. &?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>The principal goddess
worshiped by the Egyptians. She was regarded as the mother of Horus,
and the sister and wife of Osiris. The Egyptians adored her as the
goddess of fecundity, and as the great benefactress of their country,
who instructed their ancestors in the art of agriculture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any coral of the genus
Isis, or family <i>Isid&aelig;</i>, composed of joints of white,
stony coral, alternating with flexible, horny joints. See
<u>Gorgoniacea</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the
asteroids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"lam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>isl&amacr;m</i>
obedience to the will of God, submission, humbling one's self,
resigning one's self to the divine disposal.  Cf. <u>Moslem</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The religion of the Mohammedans;
Mohammedanism; Islamism. Their formula of faith is: There is no God
but Allah, and Mohammed is his prophet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole body of Mohammedans, or the
countries which they occupy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"lam*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>islamisme</i>.] <def>The faith, doctrines, or religious system of
the Mohammedans; Mohammedanism; Islam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"lam*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Mohammedan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is`lam*it"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Islam; Mohammedan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"lam*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Islamized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Islamizing</u> (?).] <def>To conform, or cause
to conform, to the religion of Islam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>iland</i>,
<i>yland</i>, AS. <i>&imacr;gland</i>, <i>&?;gland</i>,
<i>&?;glond</i>; <i>&imacr;g</i>, <i>&?;g</i>, island + <i>land</i>,
<i>lond</i>, land. AS. <i>&imacr;g</i>, <i>&?;g</i>, is akin to AS.
<i>e&aacute;</i> water, river, OHG. <i>&?;uwa</i>, G. <i>au</i>
meadow, Icel. <i>ey</i> island, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>&ouml;</i>, Goth.
<i>ahwa</i> a stream, water, L. <i>aqua</i> water. The <i>s</i> is
due to confusion with <i>isle</i>.  Cf. <u>Ait</u>, <u>Eyot</u>,
<u>Ewer</u>, <u>Aquatic</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tract of land surrounded by water, and
smaller than a continent.  Cf. <u>Continent</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything regarded as resembling an island;
as, an <i>island</i> of ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Isle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Islands of the blessed</b></col> <i>(Myth.)</i>,
<cd>islands supposed to lie in the Western Ocean, where the favorites
of the gods are conveyed at death, and dwell in everlasting
joy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Is"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to become or to resemble an island; to make an island
or islands of; to isle.</def>  <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with an island or with islands;
as, to <i>island</i> the deep.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Is"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant
of an island.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"land*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to islands; full of islands.</def>  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Isle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Obs</i>.] <def>See
<u>Aisle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Isle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>isle</i>, F.
<i>&icirc;le</i>, L. <i>insula</i>; cf. Lith. <i>sala</i>.  Cf.
<u>Insulate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An island.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Imperial rule of all the seagirt
<i>isles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spot within another
of a different color, as upon the wings of some insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Isle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to become an
island, or like an island; to surround or encompass; to island.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Isled</i> in sudden seas of light.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Is"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>islette</i> (cf.
F. <i>&icirc;lot</i>), dim. of <i>isle</i>.] <def>A little
island.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ism</hw> (?). [F. <i>-isme</i>, or L. <i>-ismus</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <def>A suffix indicating an <i>act</i>, a <i>process</i>, the
<i>result of an act or a process</i>, a <i>state</i>; also, a
<i>characteristic</i> (as a theory, doctrine, idiom, etc.); as,
bapt<i>ism</i>, galvan<i>ism</i>, organ<i>ism</i>, hypnot<i>ism</i>,
social<i>ism</i>, sensual<i>ism</i>, Anglic<i>ism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>ism</u>, above.] <def>A
doctrine or theory; especially, a wild or visionary theory.</def>
<i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The world grew light-headed, and forth came a spawn of
<i>isms</i> which no man can number.</blockquote> <i>S. G.
Goodrich.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Is`ma*e"li*an</hw> (?), <hw>Is"ma*el*ite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One of a sect of Mohammedans
who favored the pretensions of the family of Mohammed ben Ismael, of
the house of Ali.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>I"so-</hw> (?), <hw>Is-</hw> (?). } [Gr. <grk>'i`sos</grk>
equal.] <def>A prefix or combining form, indicating <i>identity</i>,
or <i>equality</i>; <i>the same numerical value</i>; as in
<i>iso</i>pod, <i>iso</i>morphous, <i>iso</i>chromatic.</def>
Specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Applied to certain
compounds having the same composition but different properties; as in
<i>iso</i>cyanic.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Organic Chem.)</i>
<def>Applied to compounds of certain isomeric series in whose
structure one carbon atom, at least, is connected with three other
carbon atoms; -- contrasted with <i>neo-</i> and <i>normal</i>; as in
<i>iso</i>paraffine; <i>iso</i>pentane.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*bar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr. &?;
weight.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>A line connecting or marking
places upon the surface of the earth where height of the barometer
reduced to sea level is the same either at a given time, or for a
certain period (mean height), as for a year; an isopiestic
line.</def> [Written also <i>isobare</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>I`so*bar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phys.
Geog.)</i> <def>Denoting equal pressure; as, an <i>isobaric</i> line;
specifically, of or pertaining to isobars.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*bar*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being equal in weight, especially in atmospheric
pressure. Also, the theory, method, or application of isobaric
science.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*bar`o*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso</i>
+ <i>barometric</i>.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>Indicating equal
barometric pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*bath"y*therm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i>
+ Gr. &?; deep + &?; heat.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>A line
connecting the points on the surface of the earth where a certain
temperature is found at the same depth.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*bath"y*ther"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an isobathytherm; possessing or indicating the same
temperature at the same depth.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*ceph"a*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?;
like-headed. See <u>Iso-</u>, and <u>Cephalon</u>.] <i>(Art)</i>
<def>A peculiarity in the design of bas-relief by which the heads of
human figures are kept at the same height from the ground, whether
the personages are seated, standing, or mounted on horseback; --
called also <i>isokephaleia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*chasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>chasm</i>.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>A line connecting places on
the earth's surface at which there is the same mean frequency of
auroras.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*chas"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Indicating
equal auroral display; as, an <i>isochasmic</i> line.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*cheim</hw> (&imacr;"s&osl;*k&imacr;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, winter.] <i>(Phys.
Geog.)</i> <def>A line connecting places on the earth having the same
mean winter temperature.  Cf. <u>Isothere</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>I`so*chei"mal</hw>, <hw>I`so*chi"mal</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, having the nature of, or
making, isocheims; as, an <i>isocheimal</i> line; an
<i>isocheimal</i> chart.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>I`so*chei"me*nal</hw> (?), <hw>I`so*chi"me*nal</hw>  }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>The same as <u>Isocheimal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*chei"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>The same as
<u>Isocheimal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*chi"mene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The same as
<u>Isocheim</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*chro*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>chromatic</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Having the same color;
connecting parts having the same color, as lines drawn through
certain points in experiments on the chromatic effects of polarized
light in crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*soch"ro*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Isochronous</u>.] <def>Uniform in time; of equal time; performed
in equal times; recurring at regular intervals; as, <i>isochronal</i>
vibrations or oscillations.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*chron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Isochronal.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*soch"ro*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being isochronous.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*soch"ro*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Isochronous</u>.] <def>A clock that is designed to keep very
accurate time.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*soch"ro*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
equal + &?; time.] <def>Same as <u>Isochronal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*soch"ro*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
Gr. &?; color.] <def>Having the same tint or color throughout;
uniformly or evenly colored.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>I`so*cli"nal</hw> (?), <hw>I`so*clin"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr. &?; to incline.] <def>Of or
pertaining to, or indicating, equality of inclination or dip; having
equal inclination or dip.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isoclinal lines</b></col> <i>(Magnetism)</i>, <cd>lines on
the earth's surface connecting places at which a dipping needle
indicates the same inclination or dip.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I`so*cry"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phys.
Geog.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, having the nature of, or illustrating,
an isocryme; as, an <i>isocrymal</i> line; an <i>isocrymal</i>
chart.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*cryme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr.
&?; cold.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>A line connecting points on the
earth's surface having the same mean temperature in the coldest month
of the year.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*crym"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Isocrymal.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*cy*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>cyanic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Designating an acid isomeric with
cyanic acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isocyanic acid</b></col>, <cd>an acid metameric with
cyanic acid, and resembling it in its salts. It is obtained as a
colorless, mobile, unstable liquid by the heating cyanuric acid.
Called technically <i>carbimide</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I`so*cy`a*nu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>cyanuric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Designating, or pertaining to,
an acid isomeric with cyanuric acid, and called also <i>fulminuric
acid</i>. See under <u>Fulminuric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*di`a*bat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
Gr. &?; to pass through.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
reception or the giving out of equal quantities of heat by a
substance.</def>  <i>Rankine.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Isodiabatic lines</b></col> or <col><b>curves</b></col>,
<cd>a pair of lines or curves exhibiting, on a diagram of energy, the
law of variation of the pressure and density of a fluid, the one
during the lowering, and the other during the raising, of its
temperature, when the quantity of heat given out by the fluid during
any given stage of the one process is equal to the quantity received
during the corresponding stage of the other. Such lines are said to
be <i>isodiabatic</i> with respect to each other. Compare
<u>Adiabatic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I`so*di`a*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i>
+ <i>diametric</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Developed alike in
the directions of the several lateral axes; -- said of crystals of
both the tetragonal and hexagonal systems.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the several diameters
nearly equal; -- said of the cells of ordinary parenchyma.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*di*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>dimorphic</i>.] <def>Isodimorphous.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*di*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Isomorphism between the two forms severally of two dimorphous
substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*di*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i>
+ <i>dimorphous</i>.] <def>Having the quality of
isodimorphism.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*dul"cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>dulcite</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline, sugarlike
substance, obtained by the decomposition of certain glucosides, and
intermediate in nature between the hexacid alcohols (<i>dulcite</i>,
<i>mannite</i>, etc.) and the glucoses.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*dy*nam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>dynamic</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, having, or denoting,
equality of force.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isodynamic foods</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>those
foods that produce a similar amount of heat.</cd> --
<col><b>Isodynamic lines</b></col> <i>(Magnetism)</i>, <cd>lines on
the earth's surface connecting places at which the magnetic intensity
is the same.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I`so*dy"na*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Isodynamic</u>.] <def>Of equal force or size.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*ge"o*therm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
Gr. <grk>gh^</grk> the earth + <grk>qe`rmh</grk> heat.] <i>(Phys.
Geog.)</i> <def>A line or curved surface passing beneath the earth's
surface through points having the same mean temperature.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>I`so*ge`o*ther"mal</hw> (?), <hw>I`so*ge`o*ther"mic</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, having the nature of,
or marking, isogeotherms; as, an <i>isogeothermal</i> line or
surface; as <i>isogeothermal</i> chart.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An isogeotherm.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*gon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr.
<grk>gwni`a</grk> angle.] <def>Pertaining to, or noting, equal
angles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isogonic lines</b></col> <i>(Magnetism)</i>, <cd>lines
traced on the surface of the globe, or upon a chart, connecting
places at which the deviation of the magnetic needle from the
meridian or true north is the same.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I`so*gon"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Characterized by isogonism.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*sog"o*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr.
&?; offspring, generative parts.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
quality of having similar sexual zooids or gonophores and dissimilar
hydrants; -- said of certain hydroids.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to isography.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*sog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>Imitation of another's handwriting.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*hy"e*tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
Gr. <grk>"yeto`s</grk> rain.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to lines connecting places on the earth's surface which
have a mean annual rainfall.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
isohyetose line.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>I"so*la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Isolate</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of being isolated, or of
being obtained in a pure state; as, gold is
<i>isolable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*late</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Isolated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Isolating</u> (?).] [It. <i>isolato</i>, p. p. of
<i>isolare</i> to isolate, fr. <i>isola</i> island, L. <i>insula</i>.
See 2d <u>Isle</u>, and cf. <u>Insulate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place in a detached situation; to place
by itself or alone; to insulate; to separate from others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Short <i>isolated</i> sentences were the mode in which
ancient wisdom delighted to convey its precepts.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To insulate. See
<u>Insulate</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To separate from all
foreign substances; to make pure; to obtain in a free
state.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Placed or
standing alone; detached; separated from others.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isolated point of a curve</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Acnode</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I"so*la`ted*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
isolated manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*la"tion</hw> (-l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>isolation</i>.] <def>The act of
isolating, or the state of being isolated; insulation; separation;
loneliness.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><! p. 792 !></p>

<p><hw>I"so*la`tor</hw> (&imacr;"s&osl;*l&amacr;`t&etilde;r <i>or</i>
&imacr;s"&osl;*l&amacr;`t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, isolates.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*sol"o*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr.
<grk>lo`gos</grk> proportion.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having similar
proportions, similar relations, or similar differences of
composition; -- said specifically of groups or series which differ by
a constant difference; as, ethane, ethylene, and acetylene, or their
analogous compounds, form an <i>isologous</i> series.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*mer</hw> (&imacr;"s&osl;*m&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Isomeric</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
body or compound which is isomeric with another body or compound; a
member of an isomeric series.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*mer"ic</hw> (-m&ebreve;r"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Iso-</i> + Gr. <grk>me`ros</grk> part: cf. F.
<i>isom&eacute;rique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having the same
percentage composition; -- said of two or more different substances
which contain the same ingredients in the same proportions by weight,
often used with <i>with</i>. Specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Polymeric;
<i>i. e.</i>, having the same elements united in the same proportion
by weight, but with different molecular weights; as, acetylene and
benzine are <i>isomeric</i> (<i>polymeric</i>) with each other in
this sense. See <u>Polymeric</u>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Metameric;
<i>i. e.</i>, having the same elements united in the same proportions
by weight, and with the same molecular weight, but with a different
structure or arrangement of the ultimate parts; as, ethyl alcohol and
methyl ether are <i>isomeric</i> (<i>metameric</i>) with each other
in this sense. See <u>Metameric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*som"er*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An isomer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>I*som"er*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The state, quality, or relation, of two or more isomeric
substances.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Physical isomerism</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
condition or relation of certain (<i>metameric</i>) substances,
which, while chemically identical (in that they have the same
composition, the same molecular weights, and the same ultimate
constitution), are yet physically different, as in their action on
polarized light, as dextro- and l&aelig;vo-tartaric acids. In such
compounds there is usually at least one unsymmetrical carbon atom.
See <u>Unsymmetrical</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I`so*mer`o*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Isomer</i> + Gr. &?; form + <i>-ism</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i>
<def>Isomorphism between substances that are isomeric.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>I`so*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>I`so*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr. <grk>me`tron</grk> measure.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or characterized by, equality
of measure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Noting, or conforming
to, that system of crystallization in which the three axes are of
equal length and at right angles to each other; monometric; regular;
cubic.  Cf. <u>Crystallization</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isometric lines</b></col> <i>(Thermodynamics)</i>,
<cd>lines representing in a diagram the relations of pressure and
temperature in a gas, when the volume remains constant.</cd> --
<col><b>Isometrical perspective</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Perspective</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Isometrical projection</b></col>,
<cd>a species of orthographic projection, in which but a single plane
of projection is used. It is so named from the fact that the
projections of three equal lines, parallel respectively to three
rectangular axes, are equal to one another. This kind of projection
is principally used in delineating buildings or machinery, in which
the principal lines are parallel to three rectangular axes, and the
principal planes are parallel to three rectangular planes passing
through the three axes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I"so*morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Isomorphous</u>.] <def>A substance which is similar to another in
crystalline form and composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Isomorphous.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>isomorphisme</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A similarity of
crystalline form between substances of similar composition, as
between the sulphates of barium (BaSO<sub>4</sub>) and strontium
(SrSO<sub>4</sub>). It is sometimes extended to include similarity of
form between substances of unlike composition, which is more properly
called <i>hom&oelig;omorphism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>-morphous</i>.] <def>Having the quality of isomorphism.</def></p>

<p><hw>||I`so*nan"dra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, a man, male.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of sapotaceous
trees of India. <i>Isonandra Gutta</i> is the principal source of
gutta-percha.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*ne*phel"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
Gr. &?; a cloud.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>Having, or indicating, an
equal amount of cloudiness for a given period; as, <i>isonephelic</i>
regions; an <i>isonephelic</i> line.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*nic"o*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>nicotine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline, nitrogenous
base, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>14</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, isomeric with
nicotine.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*nic`o*tin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to, or derived
from, isonicotine.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an acid isomeric with nicotinic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*ni*tro"so-</hw> (?). [<i>Iso-</i> + <i>nitroso</i>-.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also used adjectively),
signifying: Pertaining to, or designating, the characteristic,
nitrogenous radical, NOH, called the <i>isonitroso</i>
group.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*nom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; equal
+ <grk>no`mos</grk> law.] <def>The same, or equal, in law or right;
one in kind or origin; analogous; similar.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*son"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>isonomie</i>. See <u>Isonomic</u>.] <def>Equal law or right; equal
distribution of rights and privileges; similarity.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*sop"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr.
&?; suffering.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The system
which undertakes to cure a disease by means of the virus of the same
disease.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The theory of curing a
diseased organ by eating the analogous organ of a healthy
animal.</def> <i>Mayne.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The doctrine
that the power of therapeutics is equal to that of the causes of
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*pep"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>pepsin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Pepsin modified by
exposure to a temperature of from 40&deg; to 60&deg; C.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*per`i*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
&?;  equal + &?; circumference: cf. F.
<i>isop&eacute;rim&egrave;tre</i>. See <u>Perimeter</u>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Having equal perimeters of circumferences; as,
<i>isoperimetrical</i> figures or bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*per*im"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The science of figures having equal perimeters or
boundaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*pi*es"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
Gr. &?; to press.] <i>(Thermodynamics)</i> <def>Having equal
pressure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isopiestic lines</b></col>, <cd>lines showing, in a
diagram, the relations of temperature and volume, when the elastic
force is constant; -- called also <i>isobars</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||I`so*pleu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Iso-</u>, and <u>Pleura</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A subclass
of Gastropoda, in which the body is symmetrical, the right and left
sides being equal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The intestine terminates at the posterior end of the body,
and the gills and circulatory and reproductive organs are paired. It
includes the chitons (<i>Polyplacophora</i>), together with
<i>Neomenia</i> and <i>Ch&aelig;toderma</i>, which are wormlike forms
without a shell.</p>

<p><hw>I"so*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the legs similar in structure; belonging to the
Isopoda.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Isopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||I*sop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Iso-</u>, and <u>-poda</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
sessile-eyed Crustacea, usually having seven pairs of legs, which are
all similar in structure.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The body is usually depressed, with the abdominal segments
short, and often consolidated in part. The branchi&aelig; are on the
abdominal appendages. The group includes the terrestrial pill bugs
and sow bugs, with numerous marine forms. See <u>Arthrostrata</u>,
<u>Gribble</u>.</p>

<p><hw>I`so*pod"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Isopod</i>
+ <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the shape of an
isopod; -- said of the larv&aelig; of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*sop"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Isopod</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*pog"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
Gr. &?; beard.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the two webs equal in
breadth; -- said of feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*prene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oily, volatile hydrocarbon, obtained by the
distillation of caoutchouc or gutta-percha.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*pyc"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr.
<grk>pykno`s</grk> dense.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Having equal
density, as different regions of a medium; passing through points at
which the density is equal; as, an <i>isopycnic</i> line or
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*pyc"nic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>A line or surface passing through those points in a medium, at
which the density is the same.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*sor"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>orcin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline hydrocarbon
derivative, metameric with orcin, but produced artificially; --
called also <i>cresorcin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`sor*rop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'iso`rropos</grk> in equipoise; <grk>'i`sos</grk> equal +
<grk>"roph`</grk> downward inclination or momentum.] <def>Of equal
value.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isorropic line</b></col> (in a diagram) <i>(Geom.)</i>,
<cd>the locus of all the points for which a specified function has a
constant value.</cd>  <i>Newcomb.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*sos"ce*les</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>'i`sos</grk> equal + &?; leg.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Having two
legs or sides that are equal; -- said of a triangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||I`so*spon"dy*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>'i`sos</grk> equal + &?;, &?;, a vertebra.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive order of fishes, including the
salmons, herrings, and many allied forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*spon"dy*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Isospondyli; having
the anterior vertebr&aelig; separate and normal.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*spor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr.
&?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing but one kind of spore, as
the ferns and Equiseta.  Cf. <u>Heterosporic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*stem"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
Gr. <grk>sth`mwn</grk> thread.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having exactly as
many stamens as petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*stem"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The quality or state of being isostemonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*sul`pho*cy"a*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of isosulphocyanic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*sul`pho*cy*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, HNCS,
isomeric with sulphocyanic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*soth"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
nature of an isothere; indicating the distribution of temperature by
means of an isothere; as, an <i>isotheral</i> chart or
line.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*there</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr.
&?; summer, &?; to heat.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>A line connecting
points on the earth's surface having the same mean summer
temperature.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*therm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr.
&?; heat, fr. &?; hot.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>A line connecting
or marking points on the earth's surface having the same temperature.
This may be the temperature for a given time of observation, or the
mean temperature for a year or other period. Also, a similar line
based on the distribution of temperature in the ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*ther"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>isotherme</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Relating to equality of
temperature.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i>
<def>Having reference to the geographical distribution of
temperature, as exhibited by means of isotherms; as, an
<i>isothermal</i> line; an <i>isothermal</i> chart.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isothermal line</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An
isotherm</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A line drawn on a diagram of
energy such that its ordinates represent the pressures of a substance
corresponding to various volumes, while the absolute temperature is
maintained at a constant value.</cd> -- <col><b>Isothermal
zones</b></col>, <cd>spaces on opposite sides of the equator having
the same mean temperature, and bounded by corresponding isothermal
lines.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I`so*ther"mo*bath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i>
+ Gr. &?; hot + &?; depth.] <i>(Phys. Geog)</i> <def>A line drawn
through points of equal temperature in a vertical section of the
ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*ther`mo*bath"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an isothermobath; possessing or indicating equal
temperatures in a vertical section, as of the ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*soth`er*om"brose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>qe`ros</grk> summer + <grk>'o`mbros</grk> rain.] <i>(Phys.
Geog)</i> <def>A line connecting or marking points on the earth's
surface, which have the same mean summer rainfall.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>tonic</i>.] <def>Having or indicating, equal tones, or
tension.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isotonic system</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a system
consisting of intervals, in which each concord is alike tempered, and
in which there are twelve equal semitones.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I`so*tri*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Isotrimorphous.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*tri*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i>
+ Gr. &?; thrice + &?; form.] <def>Isomorphism between the three
forms, severally, of two trimorphous substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*tri*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the quality of isotrimorphism; isotrimorphic.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr.
&?; a turning, fr. &?; to turn.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Having the
same properties in all directions; specifically, equally elastic in
all directions.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*sot"ro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Isotropy.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*sot"ro*pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Isotropic.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*sot"ro*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Uniformity of physical properties in all directions in a body;
absence of all kinds of polarity; specifically, equal elasticity in
all directions.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*u"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>uric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a
complex nitrogenous acid, isomeric with uric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"ra*el*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Isra&euml;lites</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, &?;, Israel, Heb.
<i>Yisr&amacr;&?;l</i>, i. e., champion of God;
<i>s&amacr;r&amacr;h</i> to fight + <i>&?;l</i> God.] <def>A
descendant of Israel, or Jacob; a Hebrew; a Jew.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Is`ra*el*it"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Is"ra*el*i`tish</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Israel, or to the
Israelites; Jewish; Hebrew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"su*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Issue</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Leading to, producing, or relating to, an
issue; capable of being made an issue at law.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lawful or suitable to be issued; as, a
writ <i>issuable</i> on these grounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Issuable plea</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a plea to the
merits, on which the adverse party may take issue and proceed to
trial.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Is"su*a*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
issuable manner; by way of issue; as, to plead
<i>issuably</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"su*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
issuing, or giving out; as, the <i>issuance</i> of an order; the
<i>issuance</i> of rations, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"su*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Issuing or coming up; -- a term used to express a charge or
bearing rising or coming out of another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"sue</hw> (&ibreve;sh"&usl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>issue</i>, <i>eissue</i>, F. <i>issue</i>, fr. OF. <i>issir</i>,
<i>eissir</i>, to go out, L. <i>exire</i>; <i>ex</i> out of, from +
<i>ire</i> to go, akin to Gr. <grk>'ie`nai</grk>, Skr. <i>i</i>,
Goth. <i>iddja</i> went, used as prefect of <i>gaggan</i> to go.  Cf.
<u>Ambition</u>, <u>Count</u> a nobleman, <u>Commence</u>,
<u>Errant</u>, <u>Exit</u>, <u>Eyre</u>, <u>Initial</u>, <u>Yede</u>
went.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of passing or flowing out; a
moving out from any inclosed place; egress; as, the <i>issue</i> of
water from a pipe, of blood from a wound, of air from a bellows, of
people from a house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of sending out, or causing to go
forth; delivery; issuance; as, the <i>issue</i> of an order from a
commanding officer; the <i>issue</i> of money from a
treasury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which passes, flows, or is sent out;
the whole quantity sent forth or emitted at one time; as, an
<i>issue</i> of bank notes; the daily <i>issue</i> of a
newspaper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Progeny; a child or children; offspring.
In law, sometimes, in a general sense, all persons descended from a
common ancestor; all lineal descendants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the king<BR>
Should without <i>issue</i> die.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Produce of the earth, or profits of land,
tenements, or other property; as, A conveyed to B all his right for a
term of years, with all the <i>issues</i>, rents, and
profits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A discharge of flux, as of blood.</def>
<i>Matt. ix. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An artificial ulcer, usually
made in the fleshy part of the arm or leg, to produce the secretion
and discharge of pus for the relief of some affected part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The final outcome or result; upshot;
conclusion; event; hence, contest; test; trial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come forth to view<BR>
The <i>issue</i> of the exploit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While it is hot, I 'll put it to the
<i>issue</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A point in debate or controversy on which
the parties take affirmative and negative positions; a presentation
of alternatives between which to choose or decide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>In pleading, a single
material point of law or fact depending in the suit, which, being
affirmed on the one side and denied on the other, is presented for
determination. See <i>General issue</i>, under <u>General</u>, and
<i>Feigned issue</i>, under <u>Feigned</u>.</def>  <i>Blount.
Cowell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At issue</b></col>, <cd>in controversy; disputed; opposing
or contesting; hence, at variance; disagreeing;
inconsistent.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>As much <i>at issue</i> with the summer day<BR>
As if you brought a candle out of doors.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Bank of issue</b></col>, <col><b>Collateral
issue</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>Bank</u>, <u>Collateral</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Issue pea</b></col>, <cd>a pea, or a similar
round body, used to maintain irritation in a wound, and promote the
secretion and discharge of pus.</cd> -- <col><b>To join</b></col>, or
<col><b>take</b></col>, <col><b>issue</b></col>, <cd>to take opposing
sides in a matter in controversy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Is"sue</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Issued</u> (&ibreve;sh"&usl;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Issuing</u>.]</p>

<p><! p. 793 !></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass or flow out; to run out, as from
any inclosed place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From it <i>issued</i> forced drops of
blood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go out; to rush out; to sally forth;
as, troops <i>issued</i> from the town, and attacked the
besiegers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To proceed, as from a source; as, water
<i>issues</i> from springs; light <i>issues</i> from the
sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To proceed, as progeny; to be derived; to
be descended; to spring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of thy sons that shall <i>issue</i> from
thee.</blockquote> <i>2  Kings xx. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To extend; to pass or open; as, the path
<i>issues</i> into the highway.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To be produced as an effect or result; to
grow or accrue; to arise; to proceed; as, rents and profits
<i>issuing</i> from land, tenements, or a capital stock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To close; to end; to terminate; to turn
out; as, we know not how the cause will <i>issue</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>In pleading, to come to a
point in fact or law, on which the parties join issue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"sue</hw> (&ibreve;sh"&usl;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To send out; to put into circulation; as, to
<i>issue</i> notes from a bank.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deliver for use; as, to <i>issue</i>
provisions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To send out officially; to deliver by
authority; as, to <i>issue</i> an order; to <i>issue</i> a
writ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is"sue*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no issue or
progeny; childless.</def> "The heavens . . . have left me
<i>issueless</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Is"su*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who issues,
emits, or publishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ist</hw> (?). [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>-iste</i>.] <def>A noun
suffix denoting an <i>agent</i>, or <i>doer</i>, <i>one who
practices</i>, a <i>believer in</i>; as, theor<i>ist</i>, one who
theorizes; social<i>ist</i>, one who holds to socialism;
sensual<i>ist</i>, one given to sensuality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Is't</hw> (?). <def>A contraction of <i>is it</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Isth"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Isthmius</i>,
Gr. &?;. See <u>Isthmus</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to an isthmus,
especially to the Isthmus of Corinth, in Greece.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isthmian games</b></col> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i>, <cd>one of
the four great national festivals of Greece, celebrated on the
Isthmus of Corinth in the spring of every alternate year. They
consisted of all kinds of athletic sports, wrestling, boxing, racing
on foot and in chariots, and also contests in music and poetry. The
prize was a garland of pine leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Isth"mus</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Isthmuses</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>isthmus</i>, Gr.
<grk>'isqmo`s</grk> a neck, a neck of land between two seas, an
isthmus, especially the Isthmus of Corinth; prob. from the root of
<grk>'ie`nai</grk> to go; cf. Icel. <i>ei&eth;</i> isthmus. See
<u>Issue</u>.] <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A neck or narrow slip of land by
which two continents are connected, or by which a peninsula is united
to the mainland; as, the <i>Isthmus</i> of Panama; the <i>Isthmus</i>
of Suez, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isthmus of the fauces</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Fauces</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Is"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ixtle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*su"ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>ur</i>ea.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An artificial nitrogenous base,
isomeric with urea, and forming a white crystalline substance; --
called also <i>isuretine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>It</hw> (&ibreve;t), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [OE. <i>it</i>,
<i>hit</i>, AS. <i>hit</i>; cf. D. <i>het</i>. &radic;181. See
<u>He</u>.] <def>The neuter pronoun of the third person,
corresponding to the masculine pronoun <i>he</i> and the feminine
<i>she</i>, and having the same plural (<i>they</i>, <i>their</i> or
<i>theirs</i>, <i>them</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The possessive form <i>its</i> is modern, being rarely
found in the writings of Shakespeare and Milton, and not at all in
the original King James's version of the Bible. During the transition
from the regular <i>his</i> to the anomalous <i>its</i>, <i>it</i>
was to some extent employed in the possessive without the case
ending. See <u>His</u>, and <u>He</u>. In Dryden's time <i>its</i>
had become quite established as the regular form.</p>

<p><blockquote>The day present hath ever inough to do with <i>it</i>
owne grief.</blockquote> <i>Genevan Test.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Do, child, go to <i>it</i> grandam,
child.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>It</i> knighthood shall do worse. It shall fright
all <i>it</i> friends with borrowing letters.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the course of time, the nature of the neuter sign
<i>t</i> in <i>it</i>, the form being found in but a few words,
became misunderstood. Instead of being looked upon as an affix, it
passed for part of the original word. Hence was formed from <i>it</i>
the anomalous genitive <i>its</i>, superseding the Saxon <i>his</i>.
<i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fruit tree yielding fruit after <i>his</i> (its)
kind.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 11.</i></p>

<p><i>It</i> is used,<BR>
<BR>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>As a substance for any noun of the neuter
gender; as, here is the book, take <i>it</i> home.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As a demonstrative, especially at the
beginning of a sentence, pointing to that which is about to be
stated, named, or mentioned, or referring to that which apparent or
well known; as, I saw <i>it</i> was John.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>It</i> is I; be not afraid.</blockquote> <i>Matt.
xiv. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Peter heard that <i>it</i> was the Lord.</blockquote>
<i>John xxi. 7.</i></p>

<p>Often, in such cases, as a substitute for a sentence or clause;
as, <i>it</i> is thought <i>he will come</i>; <i>it</i> is wrong
<i>to do this</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>As an indefinite nominative for a
impersonal verb; as, <i>it</i> snows; <i>it</i> rains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>As a substitute for such general terms as,
the state of affairs, the condition of things, and the like; as, how
is <i>it</i> with the sick man?</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Think on me when <i>it</i> shall be well with
thee.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xl. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>As an indefinite object after some
intransitive verbs, or after a substantive used humorously as a verb;
as, to foot <i>it</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, to walk).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lacedemonians, at the Straits of Thermopyl&aelig;,
when their arms failed them, fought <i>it</i> out with nails and
teeth.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether the charmer sinner <i>it</i>, or saint
<i>it</i>,<BR>
If folly grows romantic, I must paint it.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i>
</p>

<p><col><b>Its self</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Itself</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I"ta*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>itacisme</i>. See <u>Etacism</u>, and cf. <u>Iotacism</u>.]
<i>(Greek Gram.)</i> <def>Pronunciation of &eta; (eta) as the modern
Greeks pronounce it, that is, like <i>e</i> in the English word
<i>be</i>. This was the pronunciation advocated by Reuchlin and his
followers, in opposition to the etacism of Erasmus. See
<u>Etacism</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all such questions between &epsilon; and
&alpha;&iota; the confusing element of <i>itacism</i> comes
in.</blockquote> <i>Alford.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"ta*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>itaciste</i>.] <def>One who is in favor of itacism.</def></p>

<p><hw>It`a*col"u*mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Itacolumi</i>, a mountain of Brazil.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
laminated, granular, siliceous rocks, often occurring in regions
where the diamond is found.</def></p>

<p><hw>It`a*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>aconitic</i>, by transposition of the letters.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, which is obtained as a white
crystalline substance by decomposing aconitic and other organic
acids.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>It"a*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fem. of L.
<i>Italus</i> Italian.] <def>An early Latin version of the Scriptures
(the Old Testament was translated from the Septuagint, and was also
called the <i>Italic version</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>I*tal"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>italien</i>, It. <i>italiano</i>.  Cf. <u>Italic</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Italy, or to its people or language.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Italian cloth</b></col> <cd>a light material of cotton and
worsted; -- called also <i>farmer's satin</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Italian iron</b></col>, <cd>a heater for fluting frills.</cd>
-- <col><b>Italian juice</b></col>, <cd>Calabrian liquorice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I*tal"ian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Italy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language used in Italy, or by the
Italians.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*tal"ian*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>italianare</i>.] <def>To render Italian, or conformable to Italian
customs; to Italianize.</def> [R.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*tal"ian*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Italianized;
Italianated.</def> "Apish, childish, and <i>Italianate</i>."
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*tal"ian*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A word, phrase, or idiom, peculiar to the
Italians; an Italicism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attachment to, or sympathy for,
Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*tal"ian*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Italianized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Italianizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>italianiser</i>,
It. <i>italianizzare</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play the Italian; to speak
Italian.</def>  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To render Italian in any respect; to
Italianate.</def> "An Englishman <i>Italianized</i>."
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*tal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Italicus</i>:
cf. F. <i>italique</i>.  Cf. <u>Italian</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to Italy or to its
people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Applied especially to a kind of type in
which the letters do not stand upright, but slope toward the right; -
- so called because dedicated to the States of Italy by the inventor,
Aldus Manutius, about the year 1500.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Italic languages</b></col>, <cd>the group or family of
languages of ancient Italy.</cd> -- <col><b>Italic order</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the composite order. See <u>Composite</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Italic school</b></col>, <cd>a term given to the
Pythagorean and Eleatic philosophers, from the country where their
doctrines were first promulgated.</cd> -- <col><b>Italic
version</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Itala</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I*tal"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Italics</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Print.)</i> <def>An Italic
letter, character, or type (see <u>Italic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
2.); -- often in the plural; as, the <i>Italics</i> are the author's.
Italic letters are used to distinguish words for emphasis,
importance, antithesis, etc. Also, collectively, Italic
letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*tal"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A phrase or idiom peculiar to the Italian language; to
Italianism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The use of Italics.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*tal"i*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Italicized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Italicizing</u> (?).] <def>To print in Italic
characters; to underline written letters or words with a single line;
as, to <i>Italicize</i> a word; <i>Italicizes</i> too much.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ta palm`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A magnificent species
of palm (<i>Mauritia flexuosa</i>), growing near the Orinoco. The
natives eat its fruit and buds, drink its sap, and make thread and
cord from its fiber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Itch</hw> (&ibreve;ch), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Itched</u> (&ibreve;cht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Itching</u>.] [OE. <i>icchen</i>,
<i>&yogh;icchen</i>, AS. <i>giccan</i>; akin to D. <i>jeuken</i>,
<i>joken</i>, G. <i>jucken</i>, OHG. <i>jucchen</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have an uneasy sensation in the skin,
which inclines the person to scratch the part affected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My mouth hath <i>itched</i> all this long
day.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a constant desire or teasing
uneasiness; to long for; as, <i>itching</i> ears.</def> "An
<i>itching</i> palm."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Itch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An eruption of small, isolated, acuminated
vesicles, produced by the entrance of a parasitic mite (the
<i>Sarcoptes scabei</i>), and attended with itching. It is
transmissible by contact.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any itching eruption.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sensation in the skin occasioned (or
resembling that occasioned) by the itch eruption; -- called also
<i>scabies</i>, <i>psora</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A constant irritating desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>itch</i> of being thought a divine
king.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Baker's itch</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Baker</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Barber's itch</b></col>, <cd>sycosis.</cd> --
<col><b>Bricklayer's itch</b></col>, <cd>an eczema of the hands
attended with much itching, occurring among bricklayers.</cd> --
<col><b>Grocer's itch</b></col>, <cd>an itching eruption, being a
variety of eczema, produced by the sugar mite (<i>Tyrogluphus
sacchari</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Itch insect</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small parasitic mite (<i>Sarcoptes
scabei</i>) which burrows and breeds beneath the human skin, thus
causing the disease known as the itch. See <i>Illust.</i> in
Append.</cd> -- <col><b>Itch mite</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>Same as <i>Itch insect</i>, above. Also, other similar mites
affecting the lower animals, as the horse and ox.</cd> --
<col><b>Sugar baker's itch</b></col>, <cd>a variety of eczema, due to
the action of sugar upon the skin.</cd> -- <col><b>Washerwoman's
itch</b></col>, <cd>eczema of the hands and arms, occurring among
washerwomen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Itch"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being itchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Itch"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
itching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Itch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infected with the
itch, or with an itching sensation.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>-ite</hw> (?). [From Gr. &?;, &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
suffix denoting <i>one of a party</i>, a <i>sympathizer with</i> or
<i>adherent of</i>, and the like, and frequently used in ridicule;
as, a Miller<i>ite</i>; a Bentham<i>ite</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A suffix used in naming minerals; as,
chlor<i>ite</i>, from its characteristic green color; bar<i>ite</i>,
from its heaviness; graph<i>ite</i>, from its use in
writing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A suffix used to denote the
salts formed from those acids whose names end in <i>-ous</i>; as,
sulph<i>ite</i>, from sulphur<i>ous</i>; nitr<i>ite</i>, from
nitr<i>ous</i> acid, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"tem</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L. <i>See</i>
<u>Iterate</u>.] <def>Also; as an additional article.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"tem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Item</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An article; a separate particular in an
account; as, the <i>items</i> in a bill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hint; an innuendo.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A secret <i>item</i> was given to some of the bishops
. . . to absent themselves.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A short article in a newspaper; a
paragraph; as, an <i>item</i> concerning the weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"tem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Itemed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Iteming</u>.] <def>To make a note or memorandum of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>itemed</i> it in my memory.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"tem*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To state in
items, or by particulars; as, to <i>itemize</i> the cost of a
railroad.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||I"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Eyre</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A passage; esp., the passage between the third
and fourth ventricles in the brain; the aqueduct of
Sylvius.</def></p>

<p><hw>It"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>iterabilis</i>. See <u>Iterate</u>.] <def>Capable of being
iterated or repeated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>It"er*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Iteration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>It"er*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>iterans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>iterare</i>.] <def> Repeating; iterating; as, an
<i>iterant</i> echo.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>It"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>iteratus</i>,
p. p. of <i>iterare</i> to repeat, fr. <i>iterum</i> again, prop. a
compar. from the stem of <i>is</i> he, that; cf. L. <i>ita</i> so,
<i>item</i> likewise, also, Skr. <i>itara</i> other, <i>iti</i> thus.
Cf. <u>Identity</u>, <u>Item</u>.] <def>Uttered or done again;
repeated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Gardiner.</i></p>

<p><hw>It"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Iterated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Iterating</u>.] <def>To utter or do a second time or many times;
to repeat; as, to <i>iterate</i> advice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor Eve to <i>iterate</i><BR>
Her former trespass feared.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>It"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
iteration.</def></p>

<p><hw>It`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>iteratio</i>.] <def>Recital or performance a second time;
repetition.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What needs this <i>iteration</i>, woman?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>It"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>iterativus</i>: cf. F. <i>it&eacute;ratif</i>.]
<def>Repeating.</def> <i>Cotgrave.</i> -- <wf>It"er*a*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ith`y*phal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ithyphallicus</i>, fr. <i>ithyphallus</i>, Gr. &?;, <i>membrum
virile erectum</i>, or a figure thereof carried in the festivals of
Bacchus.] <def>Lustful; lewd; salacious; indecent; obscene.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*tin"er*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
practice of itinerating; itinerancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*tin"er*an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Itinerant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A passing from place to place.</def>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A discharge of official duty involving
frequent change of residence; the custom or practice of discharging
official duty in this way; also, a body of persons who thus discharge
official duty.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*tin"er*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>itinerans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>itinerare</i> to make a
journey, fr. L. <i>iter</i>, <i>itineris</i>, a walk, way, journey.
See <u>Errant</u>, <u>Issue</u>.] <def>Passing or traveling about a
country; going or preaching on a circuit; wandering; not settled; as,
an <i>itinerant</i> preacher; an <i>itinerant</i> peddler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king's own courts were then <i>itinerant</i>,
being kept in the king's palace, and removing with his household in
those royal progresses which he continually made.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*tin"er*ant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>One who travels
from place to place, particularly a preacher; one who is
unsettled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Glad to turn <i>itinerant</i>,<BR>
To stroll and teach from town to town.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*tin"er*ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
itinerant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*tin"er*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>itinerarius</i>: cf. F. <i>itin&eacute;raire</i>. See
<u>Itinerant</u>.] <def>Itinerant; traveling; passing from place to
place; done on a journey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was rather an <i>itinerary</i> circuit of justice
than a progress.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>I*tin"er*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Itineraries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>itinerarium</i>: cf. F.
<i>itin&eacute;raire</i>. See <u>Itinerary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>An account of travels, or a register of places and distances as
a guide to travelers; as, the <i>Itinerary</i> of
Antoninus.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*tin"er*ate</hw> (?). <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Itinerated</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Itinerating</u> (#).] [LL. <i>itineratus</i>, p. p.
of <i>itinerari</i>, <i>itinerare</i>. See <u>Itinerant</u>.] <def>To
wander without a settled habitation; to travel from place or on a
circuit, particularly for the purpose of preaching, lecturing,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>-i"tis</hw> (?), [Gr. &?;, orig, fem. adjective suffix.]
<def>A suffix used in medical terms to denote an <i>inflammatory
disease of</i>; as, arthr<i>itis</i>; bronch<i>itis</i>,
phren<i>itis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Its</hw> (?). <def>Possessive form of the pronoun <i>it</i>.
See <u>It</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>It*self"</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>The neuter
reciprocal pronoun of <u>It</u>; as, the thing is good in
<i>itself</i>; it stands by <i>itself</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Borrowing of foreigners, in <i>itself</i>, makes not
the kingdom rich or poor.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>It"tri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See
<u>Yttria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>It"tri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See
<u>Yttrium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>It"zi*bu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap. <i>ichibu</i>.]
<i>(Numis.)</i> <def>A silver coin of Japan, worth about thirty-four
cents.</def> [Written also <i>itzebu</i>, <i>ichebu</i>,
<i>itcheboo</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>I*u"li*dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Iulus</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the <i>Iulid&aelig;</i>, a family of
myriapods, of which the genus <i>Iulus</i> is the type. See
<u>Iulus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||I*u"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., down, Gr. &?;
down, centipede.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of chilognathous
myriapods. The body is long and round, consisting of numerous smooth,
equal segments, each of which bears two pairs of short legs. It
includes the galleyworms. See <u>Chilognatha</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*van" I*van"o*vitch</hw> (?). <def>An ideal personification
of the typical Russian or of the Russian people; -- used as "John
Bull" is used for the typical Englishman.</def></p>

<p><hw>I've</hw> (?). <def>Colloquial contraction of <i>I
have</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ive</hw> (?). [L. <i>-ivus</i>.] <def>An adjective suffix
signifying <i>relating</i> or <i>belonging to</i>, <i>of the nature
of</i>, <i>tending to</i>; as affirmat<i>ive</i>, act<i>ive</i>,
conclus<i>ive</i>, correct<i>ive</i>, diminut<i>ive</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"vied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Ivy</u>.]
<def>Overgrown with ivy.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"vo*ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A composition
resembling ivory in appearance and used as a substitute for
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"vo*ry</hw> (&imacr;"v&osl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Ivories</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>ivori</i>, F.
<i>ivoire</i>, fr. L. <i>eboreus</i> made of ivory, fr. <i>ebur</i>,
<i>eboris</i>, ivory, cf. Skr. <i>ibha</i> elephant.  Cf.
<u>Eburnean</u>.]</p>

<p><! p. 794 !></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The hard, white, opaque, fine-grained
substance constituting the tusks of the elephant. It is a variety of
dentine, characterized by the minuteness and close arrangement of the
tubes, as also by their double flexure. It is used in manufacturing
articles of ornament or utility.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ivory</i> is the name commercially given not only to the
substance constituting the tusks of the elephant, but also to that of
the tusks of the hippopotamus and walrus, the hornlike tusk of the
narwhal, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tusks themselves of the elephant,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any carving executed in ivory.</def>
<i>Mollett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Teeth; as, to show one's
<i>ivories</i>.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Ivory black</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Black</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Ivory gull</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a white Arctic gull (<i>Larus
eburneus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Ivory nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the nut of a species of palm, the <i>Phytephas macroarpa</i>,
often as large as a hen's egg. When young the seed contains a fluid,
which gradually hardness into a whitish, close-grained, albuminous
substance, resembling the finest ivory in texture and color, whence
it is called <i>vegetable ivory</i>. It is wrought into various
articles, as buttons, chessmen, etc. The palm is found in New
Grenada. A smaller kind is the fruit of the <i>Phytephas
microarpa</i>. The nuts are known in commerce as <i>Corosso</i>
nuts.</cd> -- <col><b>Ivory palm</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
palm tree which produces ivory nuts.</cd> -- <col><b>Ivory
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of
<i>Eburna</i>, a genus of marine gastropod shells, having a smooth
surface, usually white with red or brown spots.</cd> --
<col><b>Vegetable ivory</b></col>, <cd>the meat of the ivory nut. See
<i>Ivory nut</i> (above).</cd></p>

<p><hw>I"vo*ry-bill`</hw> (&imacr;"v&osl;*r&ybreve;*b&ibreve;l`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, handsome,
North American woodpecker (<i>Campephilus principalis</i>), having a
large, sharp, ivory-colored beak. Its general color is glossy black,
with white secondaries, and a white dorsal stripe. The male has a
large, scarlet crest. It is now rare, and found only in the Gulf
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"vo*ry*type`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>A picture produced by superposing a very light print, rendered
translucent by varnish, and tinted upon the back, upon a stronger
print, so as to give the effect of a photograph in natural colors; --
called also <i>hellenotype</i>.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>I"vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ivies</b></plw> (#). [AS. <i>&imacr;fig</i>; akin to OHG.
<i>ebawi</i>, <i>ebah</i>, G. <i>epheu</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the genus <i>Hedera</i> (<i>H. helix</i>), common in Europe.
Its leaves are evergreen, dark, smooth, shining, and mostly five-
pointed; the flowers yellowish and small; the berries black or
yellow. The stem clings to walls and trees by rootlike
fibers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Direct<BR>
The clasping <i>ivy</i> where to climb.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye myrtles brown, with <i>ivy</i> never
sere.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>American ivy</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Virginia
creeper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>English ivy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a popular name in America for the ivy proper (<i>Hedera
helix</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>German ivy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
creeping plant, with smooth, succulent stems, and fleshy, light-green
leaves; a species of <i>Senecio</i> (<i>S. scandens</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Ground ivy</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Gill (<i>Nepeta
Glechoma</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Ivy bush</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Mountain laurel</i>, under <u>Mountain</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ivy owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the barn owl.</cd>
-- <col><b>Ivy tod</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the ivy plant.</cd>
<i>Tennyson.</i> -- <col><b>Japanese ivy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a climbing plant (<i>Ampelopsis tricuspidata</i>), closely
related to the Virginia creeper.</cd> -- <col><b>Poison ivy</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American woody creeper (<i>Rhus
Toxicodendron</i>), with trifoliate leaves, and greenish-white
berries. It is exceedingly poisonous to the touch for most
persons.</cd> -- <col><b>To pipe in an ivy leaf</b></col>, <cd>to
console one's self as best one can.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> --
<col><b>West Indian ivy</b></col>, <cd>a climbing plant of the genus
<i>Marcgravia</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>I"vy-man`tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
ivy.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*wis"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Indeed; truly.
See <u>Ywis</u>.</def> [Written also <i>iwys</i>, <i>iwisse</i>,
etc.] [Obs.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ix"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
birdlime. So called because of the viscid nature of some of the
species.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A South African bulbous plant of the
Iris family, remarkable for the brilliancy of its flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ix*o"des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
like birdlime; &?; birdlime + &?; form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of parasitic Acarina, which includes various species of ticks.
See <u>Tick</u>, the insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ix*o"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A tick of the genus <i>Ixodes</i>, or the family
<i>Ixodid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ix"tle</hw>, <hw>Ix"tli</hw> } (&ibreve;x"tl&esl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Mexican name for a variety
of <i>Agave rigida</i>, which furnishes a strong coarse fiber; also,
the fiber itself, which is called also <i>pita</i>, and <i>Tampico
fiber</i>.</def> [Written also <i>istle</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Iz"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A variety of the chamois found in the Pyrenees.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ize</hw> (?). [F. <i>-iser</i>, L. <i>-izare</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<def>A verb suffix signifying <i>to make</i>, <i>to do</i>, <i>to
practice</i>; as, apolog<i>ize</i>, bapt<i>ize</i>, theor<i>ize</i>,
tyrann<i>ize</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the case of certain words the spelling with -<i>ise</i>
(after analogy with F. <i>-iser</i>) is the usual form; as,
catech<i>ise</i>, critic<i>ise</i>. With regard to most words,
however, which have this suffix there is a diversity of usage, some
authorities spelling -<i>ise</i>, others (as in this book) -
<i>ize</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Iz"e*di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of an Oriental
religious sect which worships Satan or the Devil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Izedis</i> or Yezdis, the so-called Devil
worshipers, still remain a numerous though oppressed people in
Mesopotamia and adjacent countries.</blockquote> <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Iz"e*dism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The religion of
the Izedis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Iz"zard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Izard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Iz"zard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly <i>ezed</i>,
prob. fr. F.  <i>et z&Eacute;de</i> and z.] <def>The letter <i>z</i>;
-- formerly so called.</def></p>

<p><point26>J.</point26></p>

<p><hw>J</hw> (j&amacr;). <def>J is the tenth letter of the English
alphabet. It is a later variant form of the Roman letter I, used to
express a consonantal sound, that is, originally, the sound of
English <i>y</i> in <i>yet</i>. The forms J and I have, until a
recent time, been classed together, and they have been used
interchangeably.</def></p>

<p>In medical prescriptions <i>j</i> is still used in place of
<i>i</i> at the end of a number, as a Roman numeral; as, v<i>j</i>,
xi<i>j</i>.</p>

<p>J is etymologically most closely related to <i>i</i>, <i>y</i>,
<i>g</i>; as in <i>j</i>ot, <i>i</i>ota; <i>j</i>est, <i>g</i>esture;
<i>j</i>oin, <i>j</i>ugular, <i>y</i>oke. See <u>I</u>.</p>

<p>J is a compound vocal consonant, nearly equivalent in sound to
<i>dzh</i>. It is exactly the same as <i>g</i> in <i>gem</i>. See
<i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 179, 211, 239.</p>

<p><hw>Jaal" goat`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of
wild goat (<i>Capra Nubiana</i>) found in the mountains of Abyssinia,
Upper Egypt, and Arabia; -- called also <i>beden</i>, and
<i>jaela</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jab</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Job</u>.]
<def>To thrust; to stab; to punch. See <u>Job</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def> [Scot. &amp; Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Jab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thrust or stab.</def>
[Scot. &amp; Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Jab"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jabbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jabbering</u>.] [Cf. <u>Gibber</u>, <u>Gabble</u>.] <def>To talk
rapidly, indistinctly, or unintelligibly; to utter gibberish or
nonsense; to chatter.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jab"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter rapidly or
indistinctly; to gabble; as, to <i>jabber</i> French.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jab"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rapid or incoherent
talk, with indistinct utterance; gibberish.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jab"ber*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
jabbers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jab"ber*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
jabbering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jab"ber*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Jabber.</def>
[R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jab"ber*nowl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Jobbernowl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jab"i*ru</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Braz.
<i>jabir&uacute;</i>, <i>jabur&uacute;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several large wading birds of the genera <i>Mycteria</i>
and <i>Xenorhynchus</i>, allied to the storks in form and
habits.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The American jabiru (<i>Mycteria Americana</i>) is white,
with the head and neck black and nearly bare of feathers. The East
Indian and Australian (<i>Xenorhynchus Australis</i>) has the neck,
head, and back covered with glossy, dark green feathers, changing on
the head to purple. The African jabiru (<i>Mycteria, or
Ephippiorhynchus, Senegalensis</i>) has the neck, head, wing coverts,
and tail, black, and is called also <i>saddle-billed stork</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Jab`o*ran"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The native name of a South American rutaceous shrub
(<i>Pilocarpus pennatifolius</i>). The leaves are used in medicine as
an diaphoretic and sialogogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jab"o*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Jaborandi</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid found in jaborandi
leaves, from which it is extracted as a white amorphous substance. In
its action it resembles atropine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jab"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a kind of ruffle worn by men
on the bosom of the shirt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An arrangement of lace or tulle, looped
ornamentally, and worn by women on the front of the dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jac"a*mar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jacamar</i>,
Braz. <i>jacamarica</i>; cf. Sp. <i>jacamar</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of tropical American birds of the
genus <i>Galbula</i> and allied genera. They are allied to the
kingfishers, but climb on tree trunks like nuthatches, and feed upon
insects. Their colors are often brilliant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jac"a*na`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>jacania</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any of several wading birds
belonging to the genus <i>Jacana</i> and several allied genera, all
of which have spurs on the wings. They are able to run about over
floating water weeds by means of their very long, spreading toes.
Called also <i>surgeon bird</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The most common South American species is <i>Jacana
spinosa</i>. The East Indian or pheasant jacana (<i>Hydrophasianus
chirurgus</i>) is remarkable for having four very long, curved,
middle tail feathers.</p>

<p><hw>Jac`a*ran"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Braz.; cf. Sp. &
Pg. <i>jacaranda</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
native Brazilian name for certain leguminous trees, which produce the
beautiful woods called <i>king wood</i>, <i>tiger wood</i>, and
<i>violet wood</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A genus of
bignoniaceous Brazilian trees with showy trumpet-shaped
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jac"a*re`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.
<i>jacar&eacute;</i>; of Brazilian origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A cayman. See <u>Yacare</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jac"chus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>Jacchus</i> a mystic name of Bacchus, Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common marmoset (<i>Hapale
vulgaris</i>). Formerly, the name was also applied to other species
of the same genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jac"co*net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jaconet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>jacens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>jacere</i> to lie: cf. F. <i>jacent</i>.] <def>Lying at
length; as, the <i>jacent</i> posture.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ja"cinth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jacinthe</i>,
L. <i>hyacinthus</i>. See <u>Hyacinth</u>.] <def>See
<u>Hyacinth</u>.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jack</hw> (j&abreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>jaca</i>,
Malayalam, <i>tsjaka</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large tree, the
<i>Artocarpus integrifolia</i>, common in the East Indies, closely
allied to the breadfruit, from which it differs in having its leaves
entire. The fruit is of great size, weighing from thirty to forty
pounds, and through its soft fibrous matter are scattered the seeds,
which are roasted and eaten. The wood is of a yellow color, fine
grain, and rather heavy, and is much used in cabinetwork. It is also
used for dyeing a brilliant yellow.</def> [Written also
<i>jak</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Jack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>Jacques</i> James,
L. <i>Jacobus</i>, Gr. &?;, Heb. <i>Ya 'aq&omacr;b</i> Jacob; prop.,
seizing by the heel; hence, a supplanter.  Cf. <u>Jacobite</u>,
<u>Jockey</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A familiar nickname of, or substitute for,
<i>John</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are John Rugby, and you are <i>Jack</i>
Rugby.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An impertinent or silly fellow; a
simpleton; a boor; a clown; also, a servant; a rustic.</def>
"<i>Jack</i> fool."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Since every <i>Jack</i> became a gentleman,<BR>
There 's many a gentle person made a <i>Jack</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A popular colloquial name for a sailor; --
called also <i>Jack tar</i>, and <i>Jack afloat</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mechanical contrivance, an auxiliary
machine, or a subordinate part of a machine, rendering convenient
service, and often supplying the place of a boy or attendant who was
commonly called <i>Jack</i></def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
device to pull off boots.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sawhorse
or sawbuck.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A machine or contrivance
for turning a spit; a smoke <i>jack</i>, or kitchen
<i>jack</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A wooden
wedge for separating rocks rent by blasting.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Knitting Machine)</i> <def>A lever for
depressing the sinkers which push the loops down on the
needles.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Warping Machine)</i> <def>A
grating to separate and guide the threads; a heck box.</def>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Spinning)</i> <def>A machine for twisting the
sliver as it leaves the carding machine.</def> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd>
<def>A compact, portable machine for planing metal.</def>
<sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>A machine for slicking or pebbling
leather.</def> <sd><i>(k)</i></sd> <def>A system of gearing driven by
a horse power, for multiplying speed.</def> <sd><i>(l)</i></sd>
<def>A hood or other device placed over a chimney or vent pipe, to
prevent a back draught.</def> <sd><i>(m)</i></sd> <def>In the
harpsichord, an intermediate piece communicating the action of the
key to the quill; -- called also <i>hopper</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(n)</i></sd> <def>In hunting, the pan or frame holding the
fuel of the torch used to attract game at night; also, the light
itself.</def>  <i>C. Hallock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A portable machine variously constructed,
for exerting great pressure, or lifting or moving a heavy body
through a small distance. It consists of a lever, screw, rack and
pinion, hydraulic press, or any simple combination of mechanical
powers, working in a compact pedestal or support and operated by a
lever, crank, capstan bar, etc. The name is often given to a
jackscrew, which is a kind of jack.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The small bowl used as a mark in the game
of bowls.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like an uninstructed bowler who thinks to attain the
<i>jack</i> by delivering his bowl straight forward upon
it.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The male of certain animals, as of the
ass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
young pike; a pickerel.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
jurel.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A large, California rock fish
(<i>Sebastodes paucispinus</i>); -- called also <i>boccaccio</i>, and
<i>m&eacute;rou</i>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The wall-eyed
pike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A drinking measure holding half a pint;
also, one holding a quarter of a pint.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
flag, containing only the union, without the fly, usually hoisted on
a jack staff at the bowsprit cap; -- called also <i>union jack</i>.
The American <i>jack</i> is a small blue flag, with a star for each
State.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A bar of iron athwart ships at
a topgallant masthead, to support a royal mast, and give spread to
the royal shrouds; -- called also <i>jack crosstree</i>.</def>  <i>R.
H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><! p. 795 !></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>The knave of a suit of playing
cards.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Jack</i> is used adjectively in various senses. It
sometimes designates something <i>cut short</i> or <i>diminished in
size</i>; as, a <i>jack</i> timber; a <i>jack</i> rafter; a
<i>jack</i> arch, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Jack arch</b></col>, <cd>an arch of the thickness of one
brick.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack back</b></col> <i>(Brewing &amp; Malt Vinegar
Manuf.)</i>, <cd>a cistern which receives the wort. See under 1st
<u>Back</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack block</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a block fixed in the topgallant or royal rigging, used for
raising and lowering light masts and spars.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack
boots</b></col>, <cd>boots reaching above the knee; -- worn in the 17
century by soldiers; afterwards by fishermen, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Jack crosstree</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See 10,
<i>b</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack curlew</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the whimbrel.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack
frame</b></col>. <i>(Cotton Spinning)</i> <cd>See 4
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack Frost</b></col>,
<cd>frost personified as a mischievous person.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack
hare</b></col>, <cd>a male hare.</cd> <i>Cowper.</i> -- <col><b>Jack
lamp</b></col>, <cd>a lamp for still hunting and camp use. See def. 4
<sd><i>(n.)</i></sd>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack plane</b></col>,
<cd>a joiner's plane used for coarse work.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack
post</b></col>, <cd>one of the posts which support the crank shaft of
a deep-well-boring apparatus.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack pot</b></col>
<i>(Poker Playing)</i>, <cd>the name given to the stakes,
contributions to which are made by each player successively, till
such a hand is turned as shall take the "pot," which is the sum total
of all the bets.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack rabbit</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of large American
hares, having very large ears and long legs. The California species
(<i>Lepus Californicus</i>), and that of Texas and New Mexico (<i>L.
callotis</i>), have the tail black above, and the ears black at the
tip. They do not become white in winter. The more northern prairie
hare (<i>L. campestris</i>) has the upper side of the tail white, and
in winter its fur becomes nearly white.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack
rafter</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>in England, one of the shorter
rafters used in constructing a hip or valley roof; in the United
States, any secondary roof timber, as the common rafters resting on
purlins in a trussed roof; also, one of the pieces simulating
extended rafters, used under the eaves in some styles of
building.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack salmon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the wall-eyed pike, or glasseye.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack
sauce</b></col>, <cd>an impudent fellow.</cd> [Colloq. &amp; Obs.] --
<col><b>Jack shaft</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>the first
intermediate shaft, in a factory or mill, which receives power,
through belts or gearing, from a prime mover, and transmits it, by
the same means, to other intermediate shafts or to a line shaft.</cd>
-- <col><b>Jack sinker</b></col> <i>(Knitting Mach.)</i>, <cd>a thin
iron plate operated by the jack to depress the loop of thread between
two needles.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack snipe</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack
staff</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a staff fixed on the bowsprit
cap, upon which the jack is hoisted.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack
timber</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>any timber, as a rafter, rib, or
studding, which, being intercepted, is shorter than the others.</cd>
-- <col><b>Jack towel</b></col>, <cd>a towel hung on a roller for
common use.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack truss</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>in a hip roof, a minor truss used where the roof has not its full
section.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
1st <u>Jack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Jack
yard</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a short spar to extend a topsail
beyond the gaff.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Blue jack</b></col>, <cd>blue vitriol; sulphate of
copper.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydraulic jack</b></col>, <cd>a jack used for
lifting, pulling, or forcing, consisting of a compact portable
hydrostatic press, with its pump and a reservoir containing a supply
of liquid, as oil.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack-at-a-pinch</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One called upon to take the place of another
in an emergency</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An itinerant parson who
conducts an occasional service for a fee.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack-at-
all-trades</b></col>, <cd>one who can turn his hand to any kind of
work.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack-by-the-hedge</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a plant of the genus <i>Erysimum</i> (<i>E. alliaria</i>, or
<i>Alliaria officinalis</i>), which grows under hedges. It bears a
white flower and has a taste not unlike garlic. Called also, in
England, <i>sauce-alone</i>.</cd> <i>Eng. Cyc.</i> -- <col><b>Jack-
in-a-box</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A tropical
tree (<i>Hernandia sonora</i>), which bears a drupe that rattles when
dry in the inflated calyx</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A child's
toy, consisting of a box, out of which, when the lid is raised, a
figure springs</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>An
epicyclic train of bevel gears for transmitting rotary motion to two
parts in such a manner that their relative rotation may be variable;
applied to driving the wheels of tricycles, road locomotives, and to
cotton machinery, etc.; an equation box; a jack frame; -- called also
<i>compensating gearing</i></cd>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>A large
wooden screw turning in a nut attached to the crosspiece of a rude
press.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack-in-office</b></col>, <cd>an insolent
fellow in authority.</cd> <i>Wolcott.</i> -- <col><b>Jack-in-the-
bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tropical shrub with red fruit
(<i>Cordia Cylindrostachya</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Jack-in-the-
green</b></col>, <cd>a chimney sweep inclosed in a framework of
boughs, carried in Mayday processions.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack-in-the-
pulpit</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the American plant
<i>Aris&aelig;ma triphyllum</i>, or Indian turnip, in which the
upright spadix is inclosed.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack-of-the-
buttery</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the stonecrop (<i>Sedum
acre</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Jack-of-the-clock</b></col>, <cd>a figure,
usually of a man, on old clocks, which struck the time on the
bell.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack-on-both-sides</b></col>, <cd>one who is or
tries to be neutral.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack-out-of-office</b></col>,
<cd>one who has been in office and is turned out.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -
- <col><b>Jack the Giant Killer</b></col>, <cd>the hero of a well-
known nursery story.</cd> -- <col><b>Jack-with-a-lantern</b></col>,
<col><b>Jack-o'-lantern</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An ignis
fatuus; a will-o'-the-wisp</cd>. "[Newspaper speculations] supplying
so many more <i>jack-o'-lanterns</i> to the future historian."
<i>Lowell.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A lantern made of a pumpkin so
prepared as to show in illumination the features of a human face,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow Jack</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the
yellow fever; also, the quarantine flag. See <i>Yellow flag</i>,
under <u>Flag</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jaque</i>,
<i>jacque</i>, perh. from the proper name <i>Jacques</i>.  Cf.
<u>Jacquerie</u>.] <def>A coarse and cheap medi&aelig;val coat of
defense, esp. one made of leather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their horsemen are with <i>jacks</i> for most part
clad.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Harrington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from its
resemblance to a <i>jack boot</i>.] <def>A pitcher or can of waxed
leather; -- called also <i>black jack</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hunt game at night
by means of a jack. See 2d <u>Jack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Jack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To move or lift, as a
house, by means of a jack or jacks. See 2d <u>Jack</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Jack`-a-dan"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
dandy; a little, foppish, impertinent fellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jack"al`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pers.
<i>shagh&amacr;l</i>: cf. OF. <i>jackal</i>, F. <i>chacal</i>; cf.
Skr. <i>&ccedil;r.g&amacr;la</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of carnivorous animals inhabiting Africa and Asia, related to
the dog and wolf. They are cowardly, nocturnal, and gregarious. They
feed largely on carrion, and are noted for their piercing and dismal
howling.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common species of Southern Asia (<i>Canis aureus</i>)
is yellowish gray, varied with brown on the shoulders, haunches, and
legs. The common African species (<i>C. anthus</i>) is darker in
color.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who does mean work for another's
advantage, as jackals were once thought to kill game which lions
appropriated.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jack"-a-lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
stuffed puppet to be pelted in Lent; hence, a simple
fellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jack"a*napes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>Jack
o'</i> (= <i>of</i>) <i>apes</i>; prop., a man who exhibits apes.]
[Written also <i>jackanape</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A monkey; an ape.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coxcomb; an impertinent or conceited
fellow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A young upstart <i>jackanapes</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jack"ass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>jack +
ass</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The male ass; a donkey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A conceited dolt; a perverse
blockhead.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jackass bark</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a three-masted
vessel, with only the foremast square-rigged; a barkentine.</cd> --
<col><b>Jackass deer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
koba.</cd> -- <col><b>Jackass hare</b></col>, <col><b>Jackass
rabbit</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>. <cd>See <i>Jack rabbit</i>,
under 2d <u>Jack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Jackass
penguin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of penguin of
the genus <i>Spheniscus</i>, of which several are known. One species
(<i>S. demersus</i>) inhabits the islands near the Cape of Good Hope;
another (<i>S. Magellanicus</i>) is found at the Falkland Islands.
They make a noise like the braying of an ass; -- hence the name.</cd>
-- <col><b>Laughing jackass</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Laughing</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jack"daw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. 2d <i>jack</i>
+ <i>daw</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Daw</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Jack*een"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drunken,
dissolute fellow.</def> [Ireland]  <i>S. C. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jack"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jaquette</i>,
dim. of <i>jaque</i>. See 3d <u>Jack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short upper garment, extending downward
to the hips; a short coat without skirts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An outer covering for anything, esp. a
covering of some nonconducting material such as wood or felt, used to
prevent radiation of heat, as from a steam boiler, cylinder, pipe,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>In ordnance, a strengthening
band surrounding and re&euml;nforcing the tube in which the charge is
fired.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A garment resembling a waistcoat lined
with cork, to serve as a life preserver; -- called also <i>cork
jacket</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blue jacket</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Blue</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam jacket</b></col>, <cd>a space
filled with steam between an inner and an outer cylinder, or between
a casing and a receptacle, as a kettle.</cd> -- <col><b>To dust one's
jacket</b></col>, <cd>to give one a beating.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Jack"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To put a jacket on; to furnish, as a boiler, with a
jacket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrash; to beat.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Jack"et*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing, or
furnished with, a jacket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jack"et*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The material of a
jacket; as, nonconducting <i>jacketing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jack" Ketch"</hw> (?). [Perh. fr. <i>Jack</i>, the proper name
+ Prov. E.  <i>ketch</i> a hangman, fr. <i>ketch</i>, for
<i>catch</i> to seize; but see the citations below.] <def>A public
executioner, or hangman.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The manor of Tyburn was formerly held by Richard
<i>Jaquett</i>, where felons for a long time were executed; from
whence we have <i>Jack Ketch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lloyd's MS.,
British Museum.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Monmouth] then accosted <i>John Ketch</i>, the
executioner, a wretch who had butchered many brave and noble victims,
and whose name has, during a century and a half, been vulgarly given
to all who have succeeded him in his odious office.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jack"knife`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large,
strong clasp knife for the pocket; a pocket knife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jack"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jackmen</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One wearing a jack; a horse soldier; a
retainer. See 3d <u>Jack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Christie . . . the laird's chief
<i>jackman</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cream cheese.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jack"-o'-lan`tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<i>Jack-with-a-lantern</i>, under 2d <u>Jack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jack"pud`ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A merry-
andrew; a buffoon.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jack"saw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The merganser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jack"screw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A jack in
which a screw is used for lifting, or exerting pressure. See
<i>Illust.</i> of 2d <u>Jack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jack"slave`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low servant;
a mean fellow.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jack"smith`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A smith who
makes jacks. See 2d <u>Jack</u>, 4, c.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jack"snipe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small European snipe (<i>Limnocryptes
gallinula</i>); -- called also <i>judcock</i>, <i>jedcock</i>,
<i>juddock</i>, <i>jed</i>, and <i>half snipe</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small American sandpiper (<i>Tringa
maculata</i>); -- called also <i>pectoral sandpiper</i>, and <i>grass
snipe</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jack"stay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A rail of wood or iron stretching along a yard of a vessel, to
which the sails are fastened.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jack"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One of the pebbles or pieces used in the game of
jackstones.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> (<i>pl.</i>) <def>A game played
with five small stones or pieces of metal. See 6th
<u>Chuck</u>.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Jack"straw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An effigy stuffed with straw; a scarecrow; hence, a man without
property or influence.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a set of straws of strips of ivory,
bone, wood, etc., for playing a child's game, the jackstraws being
thrown confusedly together on a table, to be gathered up singly by a
hooked instrument, without touching or disturbing the rest of the
pile. See <u>Spilikin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jack"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wood of the
jack (<i>Artocarpus integrifolia</i>), used in cabinetwork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja"cob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>Jacob</i>.
See 2d <u>Jack</u>.] <def>A Hebrew patriarch (son of Isaac, and
ancestor of the Jews), who in a vision saw a ladder reaching up to
heaven (<i>Gen. xxviii. 12</i>); -- also called
<i>Israel</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>Jacob</i> said . . . with my staff I passed
over this Jordan, and now I am become two bands.</blockquote> <i>Gen.
xxxii. 9, 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy name shall be called no more <i>Jacob</i>, but
Israel.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxii. 28.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Jacob's ladder</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A perennial herb of the genus <i>Polemonium</i>
(<i>P. c&oelig;ruleum), having corymbs of drooping flowers, usually
blue. Gray</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>A rope
ladder, with wooden steps, for going aloft</cd>. <i>R. H. Dana,
Jr.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>A succession of short
cracks in a defective spar.</cd> -- <col><b>Jacob's
membrane</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Retina</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Jacob's
staff</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A name given to many forms
of staff or weapon, especially in the Middle Ages; a pilgrim's
staff</cd>. [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Surveying)</i> <cd>See under <u>Staff</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jac`o*b&aelig;"an lil"y</hw> (?). [See <u>Jacobean</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A bulbous plant  (<i>Amaryllis, or Sprekelia,
formosissima</i>) from Mexico. It bears a single, large, deep, red,
lilylike flower.</def> [Written also <i>Jacobean</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ja*co"be*an</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Ja*co"bi*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L. <i>Jacobus</i> James. See 2d
<u>Jack</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a style of architecture and
decoration in the time of James the First, of England.</def> "A
<i>Jacobean</i> table."  <i>C. L. Eastlake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jac"o*bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See 2d
<u>Jack</u>, <u>Jacobite</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A Dominican friar; --
so named because, before the French Revolution, that order had a
convent in the Rue St. Jacques, Paris.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a society of violent agitators in
France, during the revolution of 1789, who held secret meetings in
the Jacobin convent in the Rue St. Jacques, Paris, and concerted
measures to control the proceedings of the National Assembly. Hence:
A plotter against an existing government; a turbulent
demagogue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fancy pigeon, in
which the feathers of the neck form a hood, -- whence the name. The
wings and tail are long, and the beak moderately short.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jac"o*bin</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Same as
<u>Jacobinic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jac"o*bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Jacobin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jac`o*bin"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Jac`o*bin"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Jacobins of France;
revolutionary; of the nature of, or characterized by,
Jacobinism.</def> <i>Burke.</i> -- <wf>Jac`o*bin"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Jac"o*bin*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>Jacobinisme</i>.] <def>The  principles of the Jacobins; violent
and factious opposition to legitimate government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under this new stimulus, Burn's previous Jacobitism
passed towards the opposite, but not very distant, extreme of
<i>Jacobinism</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jac"o*bin*ize`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Jacobinized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Jacobinizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>Jacobiniser</i>.] <def>To taint with, or convert to,
Jacobinism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>France was not then <i>jacobinized</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jac"o*bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Jacobus</i>
James:  cf. F. <i>Jacobite</i>. See 2d <u>Jack</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>A partisan or
adherent of James the Second, after his abdication, or of his
descendants, an opposer of the revolution in 1688 in favor of William
and Mary.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One of the sect of Syrian
Monophysites. The sect is named after <i>Jacob</i> Barad&aelig;us,
its leader in the  sixth century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jac"o*bite</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Jacobites.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jac`o*bit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Jac`o*bit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Jacobites;
characterized by Jacobitism.</def> -- <wf>Jac`o*bit"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Jac"o*bit*ism`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles of the Jacobites.</def>  <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ja*co"bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jacobuses</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Jacobite</u>.] <def>An
English gold coin, of the value of twenty-five shillings sterling,
struck in the reign of James I.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jac"o*net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jaconas</i>.]
<def>A thin cotton fabric, between cambric and muslin, used for
dresses, neckcloths, etc.</def> [Written also <i>jacconet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Jac*quard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or invented by, <i>Jacquard</i>, a French mechanician, who died in
1834.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jacquard apparatus</b></col> or
<col><b>arrangement</b></col>, <cd>a device applied to looms for
weaving figured goods, consisting of mechanism controlled by a chain
of variously perforated cards, which cause the warp threads to be
lifted in the proper succession for producing the required
figure.</cd> -- <col><b>Jacquard card</b></col>, <cd>one of the
perforated cards of a Jacquard apparatus.</cd> -- <col><b>Jacquard
loom</b></col>, <cd>a loom with Jacquard apparatus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Jacque"mi*not</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half-
hardy, deep crimson  rose of the remontant class; -- so named after
General <i>Jacqueminot</i>, of France.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jacque`rie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The
name given to a revolt of French peasants against the nobles in 1358,
the leader assuming the contemptuous title, <i>Jacques Bonhomme</i>,
given by the nobles to the peasantry. Hence, any revolt of
peasants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jac"tan*cy</hw> (j&abreve;k"t<i>a</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>jactantia</i>, fr. <i>jactans</i>, p. pr.
of <i>jactare</i> to throw, boast, freq. fr. <i>jacere</i> to throw;
cf. F. <i>jactance</i>.] <def>A boasting; a bragging.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 796 !></p>

<p><hw>Jac*ta"tion</hw> (j&abreve;k*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>jactatio</i>, fr. <i>jactare</i>: af. F.
<i>jactation</i>. See <u>Jactancy</u>.] <def>A throwing or tossing of
the body; a shaking or agitation.</def>  <i>Sir. W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jac"ti*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>jactitare</i> to utter in public, from <i>jactare</i>. See
<u>Jactancy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <i>(Law)</i> <def>Vain boasting or assertions
repeated to the prejudice of another's right; false claim.</def>
<i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A frequent tossing or
moving of the body; restlessness, as in delirium.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Jactitation of marriage</b></col> <i>(Eng. Eccl. Law)</i>,
<cd>a giving out or boasting by a party that he or she is married to
another, whereby a common reputation of their matrimony may
ensue.</cd>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jac"u*la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit for
throwing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Jac"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Jaculated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Jaculating</u>.] [L. <i>jaculatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>jaculari</i>. See <u>Ejaculate</u>.] <def>To throw or cast, as a
dart; to throw out; to emit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jac`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>jaculatio</i>.] <def>The act of tossing, throwing, or hurling, as
spears.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hurled to and fro with <i>jaculation</i>
dire.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jac"u*la`tor</hw> (?), [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
throws or casts.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The archer fish
(<i>Toxotes jaculator</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Jac"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>jaculatorius</i>: cf. F. <i>jaculatoire</i>.] <def>Darting or
throwing out suddenly; also, suddenly thrown out; uttered in short
sentences; ejaculatory; as, <i>jaculatory</i> prayers.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jad"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>See <u>Holing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp. <i>jade</i>,
fr. piedra de <i>ijada</i> stone of the side, fr. <i>ijada</i> flank,
side, pain in the side, the stone being so named because it was
supposed to cure this pain. Sp. <i>ijada</i> is derived fr. L.
<i>ilia</i> flanks.  Cf. <u>Iliac</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A stone,
commonly of a pale to dark green color but sometimes whitish. It is
very hard and compact, capable of fine polish, and is used for
ornamental purposes and for implements, esp. in Eastern countries and
among many early peoples.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The general term <i>jade</i> includes nephrite, a compact
variety of tremolite with a specific gravity of 3, and also the
mineral jadeite, a silicate of alumina and soda, with a specific
gravity of 3.3. The latter is the more highly prized and includes the
feitsui of the Chinese. The name has also been given to other tough
green minerals capable of similar use.</p>

<p><hw>Jade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>jade</i>; cf. Prov. E.
<i>yaud</i>, Scot. <i>yade</i>, <i>yad</i>, <i>yaud</i>, Icel.
<i>jalda</i> a mare.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A mean or tired horse; a worthless
nag.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tired as a <i>jade</i> in overloaden
cart.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A disreputable or vicious woman; a wench;
a quean; also, sometimes, a worthless man.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She shines the first of battered
<i>jades</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A young woman; -- generally so called in
irony or slight contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A souple <i>jade</i> she was, and strang.</blockquote>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jade</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jading</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To treat like a jade; to spurn.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To make ridiculous and
contemptible.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I do now fool myself, to let imagination <i>jade</i>
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To exhaust by overdriving or long-
continued labor of any kind; to tire or wear out by severe or tedious
tasks; to harass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind, once <i>jaded</i> by an attempt above its
power, . . . checks at any vigorous undertaking ever
after.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fatigue; tire; weary; harass.  -- To
<u>Jade</u>, <u>Fatigue</u>, <u>Tire</u>, <u>Weary</u>.
<i>Fatigue</i> is the generic term; <i>tire</i> denotes fatigue which
wastes the strength; <i>weary</i> implies that a person is worn out
by exertion; <i>jade</i> refers to the weariness created by a long
and steady repetition of the same act or effort. A little exertion
will <i>tire</i> a child or a weak person; a severe or protracted
task <i>wearies</i> equally the body and the mind; the most powerful
horse becomes <i>jaded</i> on a long journey by a continual straining
of the same muscles. <i>Wearied</i> with labor of body or mind;
<i>tired</i> of work, <i>tired</i> out by importunities; <i>jaded</i>
by incessant attention to business.</p>

<p><hw>Jade</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become weary; to
lose spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . fail, and <i>jade</i>, and tire in the
prosecution.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jade"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Jade</u>, the stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jad"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tricks of a
jade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jad"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Vicious; ill-tempered; resembling a jade; -- applied to a
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Unchaste; -- applied to a woman.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Jae"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jager</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. of Celtic origin;
cf. W. <i>gag</i> aperture, cleft, chink; akin to Ir. &amp; Gael.
<i>gag</i>.] [Written also <i>jagg</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A notch; a cleft; a barb; a ragged or
sharp protuberance; a denticulation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arethuss arose . . . <BR>
From rock and from <i>jag</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Garments thus beset with long
<i>jags</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A part broken off; a fragment.</def>
<i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cleft or
division.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jag bolt</b></col>, <cd>a bolt with a nicked or barbed
shank which resists retraction, as when leaded into stone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jagging</u> (?).] <def>To cut into notches or teeth like those of
a saw; to notch.</def> [Written also <i>jagg</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Jagging iron</b></col>, <cd>a wheel with a zigzag or
jagged edge for cutting cakes or pastry into ornamental
figures.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>jag</i>, <i>jaug</i>,
a leather bag or wallet, a pocket.  Cf. <u>Jag</u> a notch.] <def>A
small load, as of hay or grain in the straw, or of ore.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp;  Colloq. U.S.] [Written also <i>jagg</i>.]  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To carry, as a load;
as, to <i>jag</i> hay, etc.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Jag`a*nat"ha</hw> (?),  <hw>||Jag`a*nat"ha</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Juggernaut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>j&auml;ger</i> a
hunter, a sportsman.  Cf. <u>Yager</u>.] [Written also
<i>jaeger</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
sharpshooter. See <u>Yager</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of gull
of the genus <i>Stercorarius</i>. Three species occur on the Atlantic
coast. The jagers pursue other species of gulls and force them to
disgorge their prey. The two middle tail feathers are usually
decidedly longer than the rest. Called also <i>boatswain</i>, and
<i>marline-spike bird</i>. The name is also applied to the skua, or
Arctic gull (<i>Megalestris skua</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Jagg</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jag</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jag"ged</hw> (j&abreve;g"g&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having jags; having rough, sharp notches, protuberances, or
teeth; cleft; laciniate; divided; as, <i>jagged</i> rocks.</def> "
<i>Jagged</i> vine leaves' shade." <i>Trench.</i> --
<wf>Jag"ged*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Jag"ged*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Jag"ger</hw> (j&abreve;g"g&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who carries about a small load; a peddler. See 2d
<u>Jag</u>.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jag"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 4th <u>Jag</u>.]
<def>One who, or that which, jags; specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
jagging iron used for crimping pies, cakes, etc. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
A toothed chisel. See <u>Jag</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Jagger spring</b></col>, <cd>a spring beneath a seat, and
resting on cleats or blocks in the body of a vehicle.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jag"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind
<i>j&amacr;gr&imacr;</i>.  Cf. <u>Sugar</u>.] <def>Raw palm sugar,
made in the East Indies by evaporating the fresh juice of several
kinds of palm trees, but specifically that of the palmyra
(<i>Borassus flabelliformis</i>).</def> [Written also
<i>jagghery</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Jag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having jags; set
with teeth; notched; uneven; as, <i>jaggy</i> teeth.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ja"ghir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>j&amacr;g&imacr;r</i>.] <def>A village or district the government
and revenues of which are assigned to some person, usually in
consideration of some service to be rendered, esp. the maintenance of
troops.</def> [Written also <i>jaghire</i>, <i>jagir</i>, etc.]
[India]  <i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ja"ghir*dar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>j&amacr;g&imacr;r-d&amacr;r</i>.] <def>The holder of a
jaghir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja"gua palm`</hw> (?). [Sp. <i>jagua</i> the fruit of the
jagua palm.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A great Brazilian palm
(<i>Maximiliana regia</i>), having immense spathes which are used for
baskets and tubs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja*guar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Braz.
<i>yago&aacute;ra</i>: cf. &amp; Pg. <i>jaguar</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large and powerful feline animal (<i>Felis onca</i>), ranging
from Texas and Mexico to Patagonia. It is usually brownish yellow,
with large, dark, somewhat angular rings, each generally inclosing
one or two dark spots. It is chiefly arboreal in its habits. Called
also the <i>American tiger</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ja`gua*ron"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American wild cat (<i>Felis
jaguarondi</i>), having a long, slim body and very short legs. Its
color is grayish brown, varied with a blackish hue. It is arboreal in
its habits and feeds mostly on birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jah</hw> (j&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>y&amacr;h</i>.] <def>Jehovah.</def>  <i>Ps. lxviii. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>jaile</i>,
<i>gail</i>, <i>gayhol</i>, OF. <i>gaole</i>, <i>gaiole</i>,
<i>jaiole</i>, F. <i>ge&ocirc;le</i>, LL. <i>gabiola</i>, dim. of
<i>gabia</i> cage, for L. <i>cavea</i> cavity, cage. See
<u>Cage</u>.] <def>A kind of prison; a building for the confinement
of persons held in lawful  custody, especially for minor offenses or
with reference to some future judicial proceeding.</def> [Written
also <i>gaol</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>jail</i> I count the house of
liberty.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Jail bird</b></col>, <cd>a prisoner; one who has been
confined in prison.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>Jail delivery</b></col>,
<cd>the release of prisoners from jail, either legally or by
violence.</cd> -- <col><b>Jail delivery commission</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Gaol</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Jail fever</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>typhus fever, or a disease resembling it,
generated in jails and other places crowded with people; -- called
also <i>hospital fever</i>, and <i>ship fever</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Jail liberties</b></col>, or <col><b>Jail limits</b></col>,
<cd>a space or district around a jail within which an imprisoned
debtor was, on certain conditions, allowed to go at large.</cd>
<i>Abbott.</i> -- <col><b>Jail lock</b></col>, <cd>a peculiar form of
padlock; -- called also <i>Scandinavian lock</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To imprison.</def>
[R.]  <i>T. Adams (1614).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Bolts] that <i>jail</i> you from free
life.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jail"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>jailer</i>,
<i>gailer</i>, OF. <i>geolier</i>, F. <i>ge&ocirc;lier</i>. See
<u>Jail</u>.] <def>The keeper of a jail or prison.</def> [Written
also <i>jailor</i>, <i>gaoler</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Jain</hw> (?), <hw>Jai"na</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>Jaina</i>, fr. <i>Jina</i>, a proper name, fr. <i>jina</i>
victorious.] <def>One of a numerous sect in British India, holding
the tenets of Jainism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jain"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The heterodox
Hindoo religion, of which the most striking features are the
exaltation of saints or holy mortals, called <i>jins</i>, above the
ordinary Hindoo gods, and the denial of the divine origin and
infallibility of the Vedas. It is intermediate between Brahmanism and
Buddhism, having some things in common with each.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jai*rou"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ahu or Asiatic gazelle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>see 1st
<u>Jack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jakes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. F.
<i>Jacques</i>, the proper name. See 2d <u>Jack</u>.] <def>A
privy.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ja"kie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South American striped frog (<i>Pseudis paradoxa</i>),
remarkable for having a tadpole larger than the adult, and hence
called also <i>paradoxical frog</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jak"o</hw> (j&abreve;k"&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African parrot (<i>Psittacus
erithacus</i>), very commonly kept as a cage bird; -- called also
<i>gray parrot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jak"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jackwood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jal"ap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp.
<i>jalapa</i>; -- so called from <i>Jalapa</i>, a town in Mexico,
whence it was first obtained.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The tubers of the
Mexican plant <i>Ipom&oelig;a purga</i> (or <i>Exogonium purga</i>),
a climber much like the morning-glory. The abstract, extract, and
powder, prepared from the tubers, are well known purgative medicines.
Other species of Ipom&oelig;a yield several inferior kinds of jalap,
as the <i>I. Orizabensis</i>, and <i>I. tuberosa</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>False jalap</b></col>, <cd>the root of <i>Mirabilis
Jalapa</i>, four-o'clock, or marvel of Peru.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ja*lap"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to jalap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jal"a*pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside found in the stems of the jalap plant and scammony. It is a
strong purgative.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ja`lons"</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F. Of unknown
origin.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Long poles, topped with wisps of straw,
used as landmarks and signals.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ja`lou`sie"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Jealousy</u>.] <def>A Venetian or slatted inside window
blind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja`lou`sied"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished
with jalousies; as, <i>jalousied</i> porches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. or Hind.
<i>j&amacr;mah</i> garment, robe.] <def>A kind of frock for
children.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>See
<u>Jamb</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jammed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jamming</u>.] [Either fr. <i>jamb</i>, as if squeezed between
<i>jambs</i>, or more likely from the same source as <i>champ</i> See
<u>Champ</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To press into a close or tight position;
to crowd; to squeeze; to wedge in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . <i>jammed</i> in between two
rocks.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To crush or bruise; as, to <i>jam</i> a
finger in the crack of a door.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To bring (a vessel) so
close to the wind that half her upper sails are laid aback.</def>
<i>W. C. Russell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mass
of people or objects crowded together; also, the pressure from a
crowd; a crush; as, a <i>jam</i> in a street; a <i>jam</i> of logs in
a river.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An injury caused by jamming.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Jam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. <i>jam</i>, v.; but
cf. also Ar. <i>jamad</i> ice, jelly, <i>j&amacr;mid</i> congealed,
<i>jamd</i> congelation, ice.] <def>A preserve of fruit boiled with
sugar and water; as, raspberry <i>jam</i>; currant <i>jam</i>; grape
<i>jam</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jam nut</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Check nut</i>, under
<u>Check</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Jam weld</b></col> <i>(Forging)</i>,
<cd>a butt weld. See under <u>Butt</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Jam`a*ci"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Jamaicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jam"a*dar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Jemidar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja*mai"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the West
India islands.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jamaica ginger</b></col>, <cd>a variety of ginger, called
also <i>white ginger</i>, prepared in Jamaica from the best roots,
which are deprived of their epidermis and dried separately.</cd> --
<col><b>Jamaica pepper</b></col>, <cd>allspice.</cd> --
<col><b>Jamaica rose</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian
melastomaceous shrub (<i>Blakea trinervis</i>), with showy pink
flowers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ja*mai"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Jamaica.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A native
or inhabitant of Jamaica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja*ma"i*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Jamaica</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid said to be contained
in the bark of <i>Geoffroya inermis</i>, a leguminous tree growing in
Jamaica and Surinam; -- called also <i>jamacina</i>.</def>
<i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jamb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>jaumb</i>,
<i>jaum</i>, F. <i>jambe</i> a leg, <i>jambe de force</i> a principal
rafter. See <u>Gambol</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <i>(Arch)</i> <def>The vertical side of any
opening, as a door or fireplace; hence, less properly, any narrow
vertical surface of wall, as the of a chimney-breast or of a pier, as
distinguished from its face.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Any thick mass of rock
which prevents miners from following the lode or vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jamb</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Jam</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Jam*bee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Jamb</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>: <i>cf</i>. OF. <i>jamboier</i> to walk.] <def>A
fashionable cane.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jambes</hw> (?), <hw>Jam"beux</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [From  F. <i>jambe</i> a leg: cf. OF. <i>jambiere</i>.
See <u>Jamb</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Ancient Armor)</i> <def>In
the Middle Ages, armor for the legs below the knees.</def> [Written
also <i>giambeux</i>.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Jam`bo*la"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Pg.
<i>jambol&atilde;o</i> a kind of tropical fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A myrtaceous tree of the West Indies and tropical America
(<i>Calyptranthes Jambolana</i>), with astringent bark, used for
dyeing. It bears an edible fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jam"da*ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A silk fabric,
with a woven pattern of sprigs of flowers.</def> [Written also
<i>jamdanee</i>.]  <i>Balfour (Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ja"me*son*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Prof.
<i>Jameson</i>, of Edinburgh.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A steel-gray
mineral, of metallic luster, commonly fibrous massive. It is a
sulphide of antimony and lead, with a little iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>James"'s pow`der</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Antimonial
powder, first prepared by Dr. <i>James</i>, an English physician; --
called also <i>fever powder</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>James"town` weed`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The poisonous
thorn apple or stramonium (<i>Datura stramonium</i>), a rank weed
early noticed at <i>Jamestown</i>, Virginia. See
<u>Datura</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This name is often corrupted into <i>jimson</i>,
<i>jimpson</i>, and <i>gympsum</i>.</p>

<p><! p. 797 !></p>

<p><hw>Jan</hw> (j&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.] <i>(Moham.
Myth.)</i> <def>One of an intermediate order between angels and
men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jane</hw> (j&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>Janua</i>
Genoa; L. <i>Genua</i>, also OE. <i>Jean</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A coin of Genoa; any small coin.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of twilled cotton cloth. See
<u>Jean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jane"-of-apes"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A silly,
pert girl; -- corresponding to <i>jackanapes</i>.</def>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jan"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jangled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jangling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>janglen</i> to quarrel, OF.
<i>jangler</i> to rail, quarrel; of Dutch or German origin; cf. D.
<i>jangelen</i>, <i>janken</i>, to whimper, chide, brawl,
quarrel.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To sound harshly or discordantly, as
bells out of tune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To talk idly; to prate; to babble; to
chatter; to gossip.</def> "Thou <i>janglest</i> as a jay."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To quarrel in words; to altercate; to
wrangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good wits will be <i>jangling</i>; but, gentles,
agree.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Prussian Trenck . . . jargons and <i>jangles</i> in an
unmelodious manner.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jan"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to sound
harshly or inharmoniously; to produce discordant sounds
with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like sweet bells <i>jangled</i>, out of tune, and
harsh.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jan"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>jangle</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>Idle talk; prate; chatter; babble.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Discordant sound; wrangling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The musical <i>jangle</i> of sleigh
bells.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jan"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>jangleor</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>An idle talker; a babbler; a
prater.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A wrangling, noisy fellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jan"gler*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female prater
or babbler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jan"gler*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>janglerie</i> chattering, talk.] <def>Jangling.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jan"gling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing
discordant sounds.</def> "A <i>jangling</i> noise."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jan"gling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Idle babbling; vain disputation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From which some, having swerved, have turned aside
unto vain <i>jangling</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. i. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Wrangling; altercation.</def>
<i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jan"is*sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Janizary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jan"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>janua</i>
a door.] <def>A door-keeper; a porter; one who has the care of a
public building, or a building occupied for offices, suites of rooms,
etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jan"i*tress</hw> (?), <hw>Jan"i*trix</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>janitrix</i>. See <u>Janitor</u>.] <def>A
female janitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jan"i*zar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
janizary.</def> [R.]  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jan`i*za"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the janizaries, or their government.</def>  <i>
Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jan"i*za*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Janizaries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>janissaire</i>, fr. Turk.
<i>ye&?;i-tsheri</i> new soldiers or troops.] <def>A soldier of a
privileged military class, which formed the nucleus of the Turkish
infantry, but was suppressed in 1826.</def> [written also
<i>janissary</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Jan"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A long pole on two
wheels, used in hauling logs.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jan"sen*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>Jans&eacute;nisme</i>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>The doctrine of
Jansen regarding free will and divine grace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jan"sen*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>Jans&eacute;niste</i>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of
Cornelius <i>Jansen</i>, a Roman Catholic bishop of Ypres, in
Flanders, in the 17th century, who taught certain doctrines denying
free will and the possibility of resisting divine grace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jaunt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jan"thi*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Ianthina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jan"ti*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jauntily</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jan"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jauntiness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jan"tu</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A machine of great
antiquity, used in Bengal for raising water to irrigate land.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jan"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jaunty</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jan"u*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Januarius</i>, fr. <i>Janus</i> an old Latin deity, the god of the
sun  and the year, to whom the month of January was sacred; cf.
<i>janua</i> a door, Skr. <i>y&amacr;</i>  to go.] <def>The first
month of the year, containing thirty-one days.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Before the adoption of New Style, the commencement of the
year was usually reckoned from March 25.</p>

<p><hw>Ja"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>January</u>.]
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A Latin deity represented with two faces
looking in opposite directions. Numa is said to have dedicated to
Janus the covered passage at Rome, near the Forum, which is usually
called the Temple of Janus. This passage was open in war and closed
in peace.</def>  <i>Dr. W. Smith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Janus cloth</b></col>, <cd>a fabric having both sides
dressed, the sides being of different colors, -- used for reversible
garments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ja"nus-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Double-
faced; deceitful.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Janus-faced lock</b></col>, <cd>one having duplicate faces
so as to go upon a right or a left hand door, the key entering on
either side indifferently.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ja"nus-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Double-
headed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja*pan"</hw> (j&adot;*p&abreve;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Japan</i>, the country.] <def>Work varnished and figured in the
Japanese manner; also, the varnish or lacquer used in
japanning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja*pan"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Japan, or to the lacquered work of that country; as, <i>Japan</i>
ware.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Japan allspice</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a spiny shrub
from Japan (<i>Chimonanthus fragrans</i>), related to the Carolina
allspice.</cd> -- <col><b>Japan black</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
quickly drying black lacquer or varnish, consisting essentially of
asphaltum dissolved in naphtha or turpentine, and used for coating
ironwork; -- called also <i>Brunswick black</i>, <i>Japan
lacquer</i>, or simply <i>Japan</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Japan
camphor</b></col>, <cd>ordinary camphor brought from China or Japan,
as distinguished from the rare variety called <i>borneol</i> or
<i>Borneo camphor</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Japan clover</b></col>, or
<col><b>Japan pea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a cloverlike plant
(<i>Lespedeza striata</i>) from Eastern Asia, useful for fodder,
first noticed in the Southern United States about 1860, but now
become very common.  During the Civil War it was called variously
<i>Yankee clover</i> and <i>Rebel clover</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Japan
earth</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Catechu</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Japan
ink</b></col>, <cd>a kind of writing ink, of a deep, glossy black
when dry.</cd> -- <col><b>Japan varnish</b></col>, <cd>a varnish
prepared from the milky juice of the <i>Rhus vernix</i>, a small
Japanese tree related to the poison sumac.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ja*pan"</hw> (j&adot;*p&abreve;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Japanned</u>
(j&adot;*p&abreve;nd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Japanning</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To cover with a coat of hard, brilliant
varnish, in the manner of the Japanese; to lacquer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To give a glossy black to, as
shoes.</def> [R.]  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jap`a*nese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Japan, or its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jap`a*nese"</hw>, <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A native or inhabitant of Japan;
collectively, the people of Japan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>sing.</i> <def>The language of the people
of Japan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja*panned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Treated, or
coated, with varnish in the Japanese manner.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Japanned leather</b></col>, <cd>leather treated with
coatings of Japan varnish, and dried in a stove.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ja*pan"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who varnishes in the manner of the Japanese, or one skilled
in the art.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A bootblack.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ja*pan"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or act
of varnishing in  the Japanese manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja*pan"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>After the
manner of the Japanese; resembling japanned articles.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jape</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Prob. from the same
source as <i>gab</i>, influenced by F. <i>japper</i> to yelp. See
<u>Gab</u> to deceive.] <def>To jest; to play tricks; to jeer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jape</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mock; to
trick.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not been putting a <i>jape</i> upon
you.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The coy giggle of the young lady to whom he has
imparted his latest merry <i>jape</i>.</blockquote> <i>W.
Besant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jap"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A jester; a
buffoon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jap"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>japerie</i> a yelping.] <def>Jesting; buffoonery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ja"pheth*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Japhetite.</def>  <i>Kitto.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ja*phet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or derived from, Japheth, one of the sons of Noah; as,
<i>Japhetic</i> nations, the nations of Europe and Northern Asia;
<i>Japhetic</i> languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja"phet*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A descendant
of Japheth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja*pon"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., Japanese, fr.
<i>Japonia</i> Japan.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of Camellia
(<i>Camellia Japonica</i>), a native of Japan, bearing beautiful red
or white flowers. Many other genera have species of the same
name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jar</hw> (j&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ajar</u>.]
<def>A turn.</def> [Only in phrase.]</p>

<p><col><b>On the jar</b></col>, <cd>on the turn, ajar, as a
door.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jar</hw> (j&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jarre</i>,
Sp. <i>jarra</i>, from Ar. <i>jarrah</i> ewer; cf. Pers.
<i>jarrah</i>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A deep, broad-mouthed
vessel of earthenware or glass, for holding fruit, preserves, etc.,
or for ornamental purposes; as, a <i>jar</i> of honey; a rose
<i>jar</i>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The measure of what is contained in a
jar; as, a <i>jar</i> of oil; a <i>jar</i> of preserves.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bell jar</b></col>, <col><b>Leyden jar</b></col>. <cd>See
in the Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jar</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jarred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jarring</u> (?).] [Cf. OE. <i>charken</i> to creak, AS.
<i>cearcian</i> to gnash, F. <i>jars</i> a gander, L. <i>garrire</i>
to chatter, prate, OHG. <i>kerran</i> to chatter, croak, G.
<i>quarren</i> to grumble, and E. <i>jargon</i>, <i>ajar</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To  give forth a rudely quivering or
tremulous sound; to sound harshly or discordantly; as, the notes
<i>jarred</i> on my ears.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When such strings <i>jar</i>, what hope of harmony
?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A string may <i>jar</i> in the best master's
hand.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To act in opposition or disagreement; to
clash; to interfere; to quarrel; to dispute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When those renowned noble peers Greece<BR>
Through stubborn pride among themselves did <i>jar</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For orders and degrees<BR>
<i>Jar</i> not with liberty, but well consist.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause a short, tremulous motion of, to cause to tremble, as by a
sudden shock or blow; to shake; to shock; as, to <i>jar</i> the
earth; to <i>jar</i> one's faith.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To tick; to beat; to mark or tell
off.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My thoughts are minutes, and with sighs they
<i>jar</i><BR>
Their watches on unto mine eyes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
rattling, tremulous vibration or shock; a shake; a harsh sound; a
discord; as, the <i>jar</i> of a train; the <i>jar</i> of harsh
sounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Clash of interest or opinions; collision;
discord; debate; slight disagreement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And yet his peace is but continual
<i>jar</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cease, cease these <i>jars</i>, and rest your minds in
peace.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A regular vibration, as of a
pendulum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I love thee not a <i>jar</i> of the
clock.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <i>pl.</i> <def>In deep well boring, a device
resembling two long chain links, for connecting a percussion drill to
the rod or rope which works it, so that the drill is driven down by
impact and is jerked loose when jammed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jar`a*ra"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg., from the
native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A poisonous serpent of Brazil
(<i>Bothrops jararaca</i>), about eighteen inches long, and of a
dusky, brownish color, variegated with red and black spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jar"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wet; to
bemire.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Jar`di`ni&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fem. of <i>jardinier</i> gardener. See <u>Garden</u>.] <def>An
ornamental stand or receptacle for plants, flowers, etc., used as a
piece of decorative furniture in room.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jards</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jarde</i>,
<i>jardon</i>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A callous tumor on the leg of a
horse, below the hock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jar"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OSw.
<i>jerga</i> to repeat angrily, to brawl, Icel. <i>jarg</i> tedious
iteration, F. <i>jargonner</i> to talk jargon. See <u>Jargon</u>
gabble.] <def>To emit a harsh or discordant sound.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jar"gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jargon</i>, OF.
also <i>gargon</i>, perh. akin to E. <i>garrulous</i>, or
<i>gargle</i>.] <def>Confused, unintelligible language; gibberish;
hence, an artificial idiom or dialect; cant language; slang.</def>
"A barbarous <i>jargon</i>." <i>Macaulay.</i> "All <i>jargon</i> of
the schools." <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>jargon</i> which serves the
traffickers.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jar"gon</hw> (j&auml;r"g&obreve;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Jargoned</u> (-g&obreve;nd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Jargoning</u>.] <def>To utter
jargon; to emit confused or unintelligible sounds; to talk
unintelligibly, or in a harsh and noisy manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The noisy jay,<BR>
<i>Jargoning</i> like a foreigner at his food.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jar"gon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [E. <i>jargon</i>, It.
<i>jiargone</i>; perh. fr. Pers. <i>zarg&?;n</i> gold-colored, fr.
<i>zar</i> gold.  Cf. <u>Zircon</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of
zircon. See <u>Zircon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jar`go*nelle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>jargonelle</i> a very gritty variety of pear. See <u>Jargon</u>
zircon.] <def>A variety of pear which ripens early.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jar*gon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the mineral jargon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jar"gon*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One addicted
to jargon; one who uses cant or slang.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Jarl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel., nobleman, chief.
See <u>Earl</u>.] <def>A chief; an earl; in English history, one of
the leaders in the Danish and Norse invasions.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jar"nut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin: cf.
Dan. <i>jordn&ouml;d</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An earthnut.</def>
<i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ja*ro"site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Barranco
<i>Jaroso</i>, in Spain.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An ocher-yellow mineral
occurring in minute rhombohedral crystals. It is a hydrous sulphate
of iron and potash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jar"-owl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The goatsucker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jar"rah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mahoganylike
wood of the Australian <i>Eucalyptus marginata</i>. See
<u>Eucalyptus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jar"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Jar.</u>]
<def>Shaking; disturbing; discordant.</def> "A jarring sound."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jar"ring</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
shaking; a tremulous motion; as, the <i>jarring</i> of a steamship,
caused by its engines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Discord; a clashing of interests.</def>
"Endless <i>jarrings</i> and immortal hate."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jar"ring*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a jarring or
discordant manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jar"vey</hw>, <hw>Jar"vy</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The driver of a hackney coach.</def> [Slang,
Eng.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A hackney coach.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The litter at the bottom of the
<i>jarvy</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ja"sey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wig; -- so
called, perhaps, from being made of, or resembling, <i>Jersey</i>
yarn.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jas"hawk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>eyas hawk</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young hawk.</def>
<i>Booth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jas"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jasmin</i>, Sp.
<i>jazmin</i>, Ar. <i>y&amacr;sm&imacr;n</i>, Pers.
<i>y&amacr;sm&imacr;n</i>; cf. It. <i>gesmino</i>, <i>gelsomino</i>.
Cf. <u>Jessamine</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A shrubby plant of the
genus <i>Jasminum</i>, bearing flowers of a peculiarly fragrant odor.
The <i>J. officinale</i>, common in the south of Europe, bears white
flowers. The Arabian jasmine is <i>J. Sambac</i>, and, with <i>J.
angustifolia</i>, comes from the East Indies. The yellow false
jasmine in the <i>Gelseminum sempervirens</i> (see <u>Gelsemium</u>).
Several other plants are called <i>jasmine</i> in the West Indies, as
species of <i>Calotropis</i> and <i>Faramea</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>jessamine</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Cape jasmine</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Cape
jessamine</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Gardenia florida</i>, a shrub with
fragrant white flowers, a native of China, and hardy in the Southern
United States.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jasp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Jasper.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jas"pa*chate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>iaspachates</i>, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Agate jasper.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Jas"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>jaspre</i>,
<i>jaspe</i>, OF. <i>jaspre</i>, <i>jaspe</i>, F. <i>jaspe</i>, L.
<i>iaspis</i>, Gr. &?;; cf. Per. <i>yashp</i>, <i>yashf</i>, Ar.
<i>yashb</i>, <i>yasb</i>, <i>yasf</i>, Heb. <i>y&amacr;shpheh</i>.
Cf. <u>Diaper</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An opaque, impure variety of
quartz, of red, yellow, and other dull colors, breaking with a smooth
surface. It admits of a high polish, and is used for vases, seals,
snuff boxes, etc. When the colors are in stripes or bands, it is
called <i>striped or  banded jasper</i>. The Egyptian pebble is a
brownish yellow jasper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jasper opal</b></col>, <cd>a yellow variety of opal
resembling jasper.</cd> -- <col><b>Jasper ware</b></col>, <cd>a
delicate kind of earthenware invented by Josiah Wedgwood. It is
usually white, but is capable of receiving color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jas"per*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>mixed with
jasper; containing particles of jasper; as, <i>jasperated</i>
agate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jas"per*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Usually p. p.
<u>Jasperized</u> (&?;).] <def>To convert into, or make to resemble,
jasper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Polished specimens of <i>jasperized</i> and agatized
woods.</blockquote> <i>Pop. Sci. Monthly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jas"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of
jasper; mixed with jasper.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jas*pid"e*an</hw> (?), <hw>Jas*pid"e*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>iaspideus</i>. See <u>Jasper</u>.]
<def>Consisting of jasper, or containing jasper; jaspery;
jasperlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jas"pi*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Jasper</i> +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A compact siliceous rock resembling
jasper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jas"poid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>jaspo&iuml;de</i>; <i>jaspe</i> jasper + Gr. &?; form.]
<def>Resembling jasper.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Jasp`o"nyx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>iasponyx</i>,
Gr. <i>&?;</i>. See <u>Jasper</u>, and <u>Onyx</u>.] <i>(min.)</i>
<def>An onyx, part or all of whose layers consist of
jasper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja*troph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to physic nuts, the seeds of plants of the genus
<i>Jatropha</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jaunce</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OF. <i>jancer</i>.
Cf. <u>Jounce</u>, <u>Jaunt</u>.] <def>To ride hard; to jounce.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Spurr'd, galled and tired by <i>jauncing</i>
Bolingbroke.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jaun"dice</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>jaunis</i>, F. <i>jaunisse</i>, fr. <i>jaune</i> yellow, orig.
<i>jalne</i>, fr. L. <i>galbinus</i> yellowish, fr. <i>galbus</i>
yellow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition, characterized by
yellowness of the eyes, skin, and urine, whiteness of the
f&aelig;ces, constipation, uneasiness in the region of the stomach,
loss of appetite, and general languor and lassitude. It is caused
usually by obstruction of the biliary passages and consequent damming
up, in the liver, of the bile, which is then absorbed into the
blood.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blue jaundice</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Cyanopathy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 798 !></p>

<p><hw>Jaun"dice</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To affect
with jaundice; to color by prejudice or envy; to prejudice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The envy of wealth <i>jaundiced</i> his
soul.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jaun"diced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Affected with jaundice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Jaundiced</i> eyes seem to see all objects
yellow.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Prejudiced; envious; as, a
<i>jaundiced</i> judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jaunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jaunted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jaunting</u>.] [Cf. Scot. <i>jaunder</i> to ramble, <i>jaunt</i>
to taunt, jeer, dial. Sw. <i>ganta</i> to play the buffoon, romp,
jest; perh. akin to E. <i>jump</i>.  Cf. <u>Jaunce</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To ramble here and there; to stroll; to
make an excursion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To ride on a jaunting car.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jaunting car</b></col>, <cd>a kind of low-set open
vehicle, used in Ireland, in which the passengers ride sidewise,
sitting back to back.</cd> [Written also <i>jaunty car</i>.]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jaunt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To jolt; to
jounce.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jaunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
wearisome journey.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our Savior, meek, and with untroubled mind<BR>
After his a&euml;ry <i>jaunt</i>, though hurried sore.<BR>
Hungry and cold, betook him to his rest.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A short excursion for pleasure or
refreshment; a ramble; a short journey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jaun"ti*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a jaunty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jaun"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being jaunty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>jauntiness</i> of air I was once master
of.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jaun"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Jauntier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Jauntiest</u>.] [Formerly spelt
<i>janty</i>, fr. F. <i>gentil</i>. See <u>Gentle</u>, and cf.
<u>Genty</u>.] <def>Airy; showy; finical; hence, characterized by an
affected or fantastical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ja"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the islands of the Malay Archipelago belonging to the
Netherlands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Java coffee, a kind of coffee brought
from Java.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Java cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
musang.</cd> -- <col><b>Java sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a species of  finch (<i>Padda oryzivora</i>), native of Java, but
very commonly kept as a cage bird; -- called also <i>ricebird</i>,
and <i>paddy bird</i>. In the male the upper parts are glaucous gray,
the head and tail black, the under parts delicate rose, and the
cheeks white. The bill is large and red. A white variety is also kept
as a cage bird.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jav`a*nese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Java, or to the people of Java.</def> -- <pos><i>n.
sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>  <def>A native or natives of Java.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jav"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vagabond.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jave"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>javeline</i>;
akin to Sp. <i>jabalina</i>, It. <i>giavelina</i>, and F.
<i>javelot</i>, OF. <i>gavlot</i>.  Cf. <u>Gavelock</u>.] <def>A sort
of light spear, to be thrown or cast by the hand; anciently, a weapon
of war used by horsemen and foot soldiers; now used chiefly in
hunting the wild boar and other fierce game.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flies the <i>javelin</i> swifter to its mark,<BR>
Launched by the vigor of a Roman arm?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jave"lin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pierce with a
javelin.</def> [R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jave`lin*ier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soldier
armed with a javelin.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A modification of
<i>chaw</i>, formed under the influence of F. <i>joue</i> the cheek.
See <u>Chaw</u>, <u>Chew</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
the bones, usually bearing teeth, which form the framework of the
mouth.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hence, also, the bone itself
with the teeth and covering.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In the
plural, the mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Fig.: Anything resembling the jaw of an
animal in form or action; esp., <i>pl.</i>, the mouth or way of
entrance; as, the <i>jaws</i> of a pass; the <i>jaws</i> of darkness;
the <i>jaws</i> of death.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
notch or opening.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A notched or forked
part, adapted for holding an object in place; as, the <i>jaw</i> of a
railway-car pedestal. See <u>Axle guard</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of a pair of opposing parts which are
movable towards or from each other, for grasping or crushing anything
between them, as, the <i>jaws</i> of a vise, or the <i>jaws</i> of a
stone-crushing machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The inner end of a boom or
gaff, hollowed in a half circle so as to move freely on a
mast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn>  <def>Impudent or abusive talk.</def> [Slang]
<i>H. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Jaw bit</b></col> <i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>a bar across the
jaws of a pedestal underneath an axle box.</cd> -- <col><b>Jaw
breaker</b></col>, <cd>a word difficult to pronounce.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>Jaw rope</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rope which holds the
jaws of a gaff to the mast.</cd> -- <col><b>Jaw tooth</b></col>,
<cd>a molar or grinder; a back tooth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jaw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jawed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jawing</u>.] <def>To scold; to clamor.</def> [Low]
  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jaw</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To assail or abuse by
scolding.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Jaw"bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bone of
either jaw; a maxilla or a mandible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jawed</hw> (j&add;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having jaws; -
- chiefly in composition; as, lantern-<i>jawed</i>.</def>
"<i>Jawed</i> like a jetty."  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jaw"-fall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Depression of
the jaw; hence, depression of spirits.</def>  <i>M. Griffith
(1660).</i></p>

<p><hw>Jaw"-fall`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dejected;
chopfallen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jaw"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Maxilliped</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jaw"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Scolding; clamorous or
abusive talk.</def> [Slang]  <i>H. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jawn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Yawn</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jaw"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to the
jaws.</def>  <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>geai</i>, OF.
<i>gai</i>, <i>jaj</i>, perh. fr. OHG. <i>g&amacr;hi</i>.  Cf.
<u>Gay</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the numerous species
of birds belonging to <i>Garrulus</i>, <i>Cyanocitta</i>, and allied
genera. They are allied to the crows, but are smaller, more graceful
in form, often handsomely colored, and usually have a
crest.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The European jay (<i>Garrulus glandarius</i>) is a large
and handsomely colored species, having the body pale reddish brown,
lighter beneath; tail and wing quills blackish; the primary coverts
barred with bright blue and black; throat, tail coverts, and a large
spot on the wings, white. Called also <i>jay pie</i>, <i>Jenny
jay</i>, and <i>k&aelig;</i>. The common blue jay (<i>Cyanocitta
cristata</i>.), and the related species, are brilliantly colored, and
have a large erectile crest. The California jay (<i>Aphelocoma
Californica</i>), the Florida jay (<i>A. Floridana</i>), and the
green jay (<i>Xanthoura luxuosa</i>), of Texas and Mexico, are large,
handsome, crested species. The Canada jay (<i>Perisoreus
Canadensis</i>), and several allied species, are much plainer and
have no crest. See <u>Blue jay</u>, and <u>Whisky jack</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Jay thrush</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one
several species of Asiatic singing birds, of the genera
<i>Garrulax</i>, <i>Grammatoptila</i>, and related genera of the
family <i>Crateropodid&aelig;</i>; as, the white-throated <i>jay
thrush</i> (<i>G. albogularis</i>), of India.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jay"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Jet</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Jay"hawk`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name given
to a free-booting, unenlisted, armed man or guerrilla.</def> [A term
of opprobrium used in the war of 1861-65, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ja"zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gem of an azure
color.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Jaz"er*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>jacerant</i>, <i>jaseran</i>, Sp. <i>jacerina</i>, cota
<i>jacerina</i>, fr. <i>jazarino</i> Algerine, fr. Ar.
<i>jaz&amacr;&imacr;r</i> Algiers.] <def>A coat of defense made of
small plates of metal sewed upon linen or the like; also, this kind
of armor taken generally; as, a coat of <i>jazerant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jeal"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>jalous</i>,
<i>gelus</i>, OF. <i>jalous</i>, F. <i>jaloux</i>, LL. <i>zelosus</i>
zealous, fr. <i>zelus</i> emulation, zeal, jealousy, Gr.
<grk>zh^los</grk>.  See <u>Zeal</u>, and cf. <u>Zealous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>Zealous; solicitous; vigilant; anxiously
watchful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have been very <i>jealous</i> for the Lord God of
hosts.</blockquote> <i>Kings xix. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How nicely <i>jealous</i> is every one of us of his
own repute!</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Apprehensive; anxious; suspiciously
watchful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'This doing wrong creates such doubts as these,<BR>
Renders us <i>jealous</i> and disturbs our peace.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The people are so <i>jealous</i> of the clergy's
ambition.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Exacting exclusive devotion; intolerant
of rivalry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt worship no other God; for the Lord, whose
name is Jealous, is a <i>jealous</i> God.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxiv.
14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>Disposed to suspect rivalry in matters of
interest and affection; apprehensive regarding the motives of
possible rivals, or the fidelity of friends; distrustful; having
morbid fear of rivalry in love or preference given to another;
painfully suspicious of the faithfulness of husband, wife, or
lover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the spirit of <i>jealousy</i> come upon him, and he
be <i>jealous of his wife</i>.</blockquote> <i>Num. v. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To both these sisters have I sworn my love:<BR>
Each <i>jealous</i> of the other, as the stung<BR>
Are of the adder.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is one of the best bonds, both of chastity and
obedience, in the wife, if she think her husband wise; which she will
never do if she find him <i>jealous</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Suspicious; anxious; envious.  <u>Jealous</u>,
<u>Suspicious</u>. <i>Suspicious</i> is the wider term. We
<i>suspect</i> a person when we distrust his honesty and imagine he
has some bad design. We are <i>jealous</i> when we suspect him of
aiming to deprive us of what we dearly prize. Iago began by awakening
the <i>suspicions</i> of Othello, and converted them at last into
<i>jealousy</i>. "<i>Suspicion</i> may be excited by some kind of
accusation, not supported by evidence sufficient for conviction, but
sufficient to trouble the repose of confidence." "<i>Jealousy</i> is
a painful apprehension of rivalship in cases that are peculiarly
interesting to us." <i>Cogan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jeal"ous*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Jealousy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jeal"ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a jealous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jeal"ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or quality
of being jealous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jeal"ous*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jealousies</b></plw> (#). [ F. <i>jalousie</i>. See
<u>Jealous</u>, and cf. <u>Jalousie</u>.] <def>The quality of being
jealous; earnest concern or solicitude; painful apprehension of
rivalship in cases nearly affecting one's happiness; painful
suspicion of the faithfulness of husband, wife, or lover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was jealous for <i>jealousy.</i></blockquote>
<i>Zech. viii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Jealousy is the</i> . . . apprehension of
superiority.</blockquote> <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whoever had qualities to alarm our <i>jealousy</i>,
had excellence to deserve our fondness.</blockquote>
<i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jeames</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrup. of
<i>James</i>.] <def>A footman; a flunky.</def> [Slang, Eng.]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. named from
<i>Genoa</i>. See <u>Jane</u>.] <def>A twilled cotton
cloth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Satin jean</b></col>, <cd>a kind of jean woven smooth and
glossy, after the manner of satin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jears</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See 1st <u>Jeer</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jeat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Jet</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Jed"ding ax`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone
mason's tool, having a flat face and a pointed part.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jee</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jeel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>jh&imacr;l</i>.]
<def>A morass; a shallow lake.</def> [Written also <i>jhil</i>.]
[India]  <i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jeer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gear</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A gear; a tackle.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>An assemblage or combination of
tackles, for hoisting or lowering the lower yards of a
ship.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jeer capstan</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an extra
capstan usually placed between the foremast and mainmast.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jeer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jeered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jeering</u>.] [Perh. a corrup. of <i>cheer</i> to salute with
cheers, taken in an ironical sense; or more prob. fr. D.
gek<i>scheren</i> to jeer, lit., to shear the fool; <i>gek</i> a fool
(see 1st <u>Geck</u>) + <i>scheren</i> to shear. See <u>Shear</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To utter sarcastic or scoffing
reflections; to speak with mockery or derision; to use taunting
language; to scoff; as, to <i>jeer</i> at a speaker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But when he saw her toy and gibe and
<i>jeer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To sneer; scoff; flout; gibe; mock.</p>

<p><hw>Jeer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat with
scoffs or derision; to address with jeers; to taunt; to flout; to
mock at.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And if we can not <i>jeer</i> them, we <i>jeer</i>
ourselves.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jeer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A railing remark or
reflection; a scoff; a taunt; a biting jest; a flout; a jibe;
mockery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Midas, exposed to all their <i>jeers</i>,<BR>
Had lost his art, and kept his ears.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jeer"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scoffer; a
railer; a mocker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jeer"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mocking;
scoffing.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A mocking
utterance.</def> -- <wf>Jeer"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Jeers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See 1st <u>Jeer</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jef`fer*so"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named
after Thomas <i>Jefferson</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American herb
with a pretty, white, solitary blossom, and deeply two-cleft leaves
(<i>Jeffersonia diphylla</i>); twinleaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jef`fer*so"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or characteristic of, Thomas Jefferson or his
policy or political doctrines.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jef"fer*son*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after
Thomas <i>Jefferson</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of pyroxene of
olive-green color passing into brown. It contains zinc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jeg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>See
<u>Jig</u>, 6.</def></p>

<p><hw>Je*ho"vah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. usually
<i>y&ebreve;h&omacr;v&amacr;h</i> (with the vowel points of
<i>&abreve;d&omacr;n&amacr;i</i> Lord), sometimes (to avoid
repetition) <i>y&ebreve;h&omacr;vih</i> (with the vowel points of
<i>&ebreve;l&omacr;h&imacr;m</i> God); but only the four Heb,
consonants <i>yhvh</i> are conceded to be certainly known.] <def>A
Scripture name of the Supreme Being, by which he was revealed to the
Jews as their covenant God or Sovereign of the theocracy; the
"ineffable name" of the Supreme Being, which was not pronounced by
the Jews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Je*ho"vist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who maintains that the vowel points of the word
<i>Jehovah</i>, in Hebrew, are the proper vowels of that word; --
opposed to <i>adonist</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The writer of the passages of the Old
Testament, especially those of the Pentateuch, in which the Supreme
Being is styled <i>Jehovah</i>. See <u>Elohist</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The characteristic manner of the <i>Jehovist</i>
differs from that of his predecessor [the Elohist]. He is fuller and
freer in his descriptions; more reflective in his assignment of
motives and causes; more artificial in mode of
narration.</blockquote> <i>S. Davidson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Je`ho*vis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to,
or containing, Jehovah, as a name of God; -- said of certain parts of
the Old Testament, especially of the Pentateuch, in which
<i>Jehovah</i> appears as the name of the Deity. See
<u>Elohistic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Je"hu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Jehu</i>, son of
Nimshi. <i>2 Kings</i> ix. 20.] <def>A coachman; a driver;
especially, one who drives furiously.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Je*ju"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the jejunum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Je*june"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>jejunus</i>
fasting, hungry, dry, barren, scanty; of unknown origin.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>Lacking matter; empty; void of
substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Void of interest; barren; meager; dry;
as, a <i>jejune</i> narrative.</def></p>

<p>- <wf>Je*june"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Je*june"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Je*ju"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being jejune; jejuneness.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Je*ju"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>jejunus</i> empty, dry.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The middle division
of the small intestine, between the duodenum and ileum; -- so called
because usually found empty after death.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jel"er*ang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, handsome squirrel (<i>Sciurus
Javensis</i>), native of Java and Southern Asia; -- called also
<i>Java squirrel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To jelly.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Jel"lied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Brought to the
state or consistence of jelly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jel"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jellies</b></plw> (#). [ Formerly <i>gelly</i>, <i>gely</i>,
F. <i>gel&eacute;e</i> jelly, frost, fr. <i>geler</i> to freeze. L.
<i>gelare</i>; akin to <i>gelu</i> frost. See <u>Gelid</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>Anything brought to a gelatinous
condition; a viscous, translucent substance in a condition between
liquid and solid; a stiffened solution of gelatin, gum, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The juice of fruits or meats boiled with
sugar to an elastic consistence; as, currant <i>jelly</i>; calf's-
foot <i>jelly</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jelly bag</b></col>, <cd>a bag through which the material
for jelly is strained.</cd> -- <col><b>Jelly mold</b></col>, <cd>a
mold for forming jelly in ornamental shapes.</cd> -- <col><b>Jelly
plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>Australian name of an edible
seaweed (<i>Eucheuma speciosum</i>), from which an excellent jelly is
made.</cd> <i>J. Smith.</i> -- <col><b>Jelly powder</b></col>, <cd>an
explosive, composed of nitroglycerin and collodion cotton; -- so
called from its resemblance to calf's-foot jelly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jel"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jellied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jellying</u>.] <def>To become jelly; to come to the state or
consistency of jelly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jel"ly*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the acalephs, esp. one of the
larger species, having a jellylike appearance. See
<u>Medusa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jem"i*dar`</hw> (j&ebreve;m"&ibreve;*d&auml;r`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. &amp; Hind. <i>jama-d&amacr;r</i>.] <def>The
chief or leader of a band or body of persons; esp., in the native
army of India, an officer of a rank corresponding to that of
lieutenant in the English army.</def> [Written also <i>jemadar</i>,
<i>jamadar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Jem"lah goat`</hw> (j&ebreve;m"l&adot; g&omacr;t`).
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The jharal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jem"mi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Spruceness.</def> [Slang, Eng.]  <i>Pegge (1814).</i></p>

<p><hw>Jem"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gim</u>, and
<u>Gimp</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Spruce.</def> [Slang, Eng.]
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jem"my</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
short crowbar. See <u>Jimmy</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A baked sheep's head.</def> [Slang, Eng.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Je*ni"quen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>jeniquen</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Mexican name for the Sisal
hemp (<i>Agave rigida</i>, <i>var.</i> <i>Sisalana</i>); also, its
fiber.</def> [Written also <i>hen&imacr;equen</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Je"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Yenite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jen"kins</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name of
contempt for a flatterer of persons high in social or official life;
as, the <i>Jenkins</i> employed by a newspaper.</def> [Colloq. Eng. &
U.S.]  <i>G. W. Curtis.</i></p>

<p><! p. 799 !></p>

<p><hw>Jen"net</hw> (j&ebreve;n"n&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>genet</i>, Sp. <i>jinete</i>, orig., a mounted soldier, Ar.
<i>zen&amacr;ta</i> a tribe of Barbary celebrated for its cavalry.]
<def>A small Spanish horse; a genet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jen"net*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. a dim. of
<i>Jean</i> John, so named as becoming ripe about St. <i>John's</i>
day, June 24. F. <i>Jean</i> is fr. L. <i>Johannes</i>. See
<u>Zany</u>.] <def>A variety of early apple. See
<u>Juneating</u>.</def> [Written also  <i>geniting</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Jen"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jennies</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A familiar or pet form of the proper name
<i>Jane</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A familiar name of
the European wren.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jenny ass</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a female
ass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jen"ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of <i>gin</i>
an engine; influenced by <i>Jenny</i>, the proper name. See
<u>Gin</u> an engine, and cf. <u>Ginny-carriage</u>.] <def>A machine
for spinning a number of threads at once, -- used in
factories.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jent"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A fish of the genus <i>Leuciscus</i>; the blue chub of the
Danube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jeof"ail</hw> (j&ebreve;f"&asl;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>j'ai failli</i> I have failed.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>An oversight in
pleading, or the acknowledgment of a mistake or oversight.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jeop"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jeoparded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jeoparding</u>.] [From <u>Jeopardy</u>.] <def>To put in jeopardy;
to expose to loss or injury; to imperil; to hazard.</def>  <i>Sir T.
North.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A people that <i>jeoparded</i> their lives unto the
death.</blockquote> <i>Judg. v. 18.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hazard; risk; imperil; endanger; expose.</p>

<p><hw>Jeop"ard*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who puts
in jeopardy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Jeop"ard*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Jeopardized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Jeopardizing</u> (?).] <def>To expose to loss or
injury; to risk; to jeopard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That he should <i>jeopardize</i> his willful head<BR>
Only for spite at me.</blockquote> <i>H. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jeop"ard*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Perilous;
hazardous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His goodly, valiant, and <i>jeopardous</i>
enterprise.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Jeop"ard*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jeop"ard*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>jupartie</i>, <i>juperti</i>, <i>jeuparti</i>, OF. <i>jeu
parti</i> an even game, a game in which the chances are even; OF.
<i>jeu</i>, <i>ju</i>, F. <i>jeu</i> (L. <i>jocus</i> jest) + F.
<i>partier</i> to divide, L. <i>partire</i> to divide. See
<u>Joke</u>, and <u>Part</u>.] <def>Exposure to death, loss, or
injury; hazard; danger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There came down a storm of wind on the lake; and they
were filled with water, and were in <i>jeopardy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Luke viii. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Look to thyself, thou art in
<i>jeopardy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Danger; peril; hazard; risk. See <u>Danger</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Jeop"ard*y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
jeopardize.</def> [R.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jer*bo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>yarb&?;'</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small jumping rodent of the genus
<i>Dipus</i>, <i>esp</i>. <i>D. &AElig;gyptius</i>, which is common
in Egypt and the adjacent countries. The jerboas have very long hind
legs and a long tail.</def> [Written also  <i>gerboa</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to other small jumping rodents, as
the <i>Pedetes Caffer</i>, of the Cape of Good Hope.</p>

<p><col><b>Jerboa kangaroo</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>small
Australian kangaroo (<i>Bettongia penicillata</i>), about the size of
a common hare.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jer*eed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>jer&imacr;d</i>.  Cf. <u>Djereed</u>.] <def>A blunt javelin used
by the people of the Levant, especially in mock fights.</def>
[Written also <i>jerreed</i>, <i>jerid</i>.]  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jer`e*mi"ad</hw>, <hw>Jer`e*mi"ade</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Jeremiah</i>, the prophet: cf. F.
<i>j&eacute;r&eacute;miade</i>.] <def>A tale of sorrow,
disappointment, or complaint; a doleful story; a dolorous tirade; --
generally used satirically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has prolonged his complaint into an endless
<i>jeremiad</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jer"fal`con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The gyrfalcon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jer"guer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jerquer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jer*id"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Jereed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jerk</hw> (j&etilde;rk), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Corrupted
from Peruv. <i>charqui</i> dried beef.] <def>To cut into long slices
or strips and dry in the sun; as, to <i>jerk</i> beef. See
<u>Charqui</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jerk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jerked</u> (j&etilde;rkt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Jerking</u>.] [Akin to <i>yerk</i>, and perh. also to
<i>yard</i> a measure.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To beat; to strike.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Florio.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To give a quick and suddenly arrested
thrust, push, pull, or twist, to; to yerk; as, to <i>jerk</i> one
with the elbow; to <i>jerk</i> a coat off.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To throw with a quick and suddenly
arrested motion of the hand; as, to <i>jerk</i> a stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jerk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To make a sudden motion; to move with a
start, or by starts.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To flout with contempt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jerk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A short, sudden pull, thrust, push,
twitch, jolt, shake, or similar motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His jade gave him a <i>jerk</i>.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A sudden start or spring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lobsters . . . swim backwards by <i>jerks</i>  or
springs.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jerk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A beater.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One who jerks or moves with a
jerk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A North American
river chub (<i>Hybopsis biguttatus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Jer"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of D. <i>jurk</i>
a frock.] <def>A jacket or short coat; a close waistcoat.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jer"kin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
male gyrfalcon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jerk"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
pulling, pushing, or throwing, with a jerk.</def> --
<wf>Jerk"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Jer"kin*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The hipped part of a roof which is hipped only for a part of its
height, leaving a truncated gable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jerk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moving by jerks and
starts; characterized by abrupt transitions; as, a <i>jerky</i>
vehicle; a <i>jerky</i> style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jer*moon"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Himalayan snow partridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Je*ron"y*mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One belonging of the medi&aelig;val religious orders
called <i>Hermits of St. Jerome</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>Hieronymite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Jer`o*pig"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Geropigia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jer"quer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>chercher</i> to search, E. <i>search</i>.] <def>A customhouse
officer who searches ships for unentered goods.</def> [Eng.] [Written
also <i>jerguer.</i>]</p>

<p><hw>Jer"quing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The searching of
a ship for unentered goods.</def> [Eng.] [Written also
<i>jerguer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Jer"quing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The searching of
a ship for unentered goods.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Jer"ry-built`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Built
hastily and of bad materials; as, <i>jerry-built</i> houses.</def>
[Colloq. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Jer"sey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jerseys</b></plw> (#). [From <i>Jersey</i>, the largest of
the Channel Islands.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>The finest of wool separated from the
rest; combed wool; also, fine yarn of wool.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of knitted jacket; hence, in
general, a closefitting jacket or upper garment made of an elastic
fabric (as stockinet).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>One of a breed of cattle in the Island of
Jersey. Jerseys are noted for the richness of their milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Je*ru"sa*lem</hw> (j&esl;*r&udd;"s&adot;*l&ebreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'Ieroysalh`m</grk>, fr. Heb.
<i>Y&ebreve;r&umacr;sh&amacr;laim</i>.] <def>The chief city of
Palestine, intimately associated with the glory of the Jewish nation,
and the life and death of Jesus Christ.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jerusalem artichoke</b></col> [Perh. a corrupt. of It.
<i>girasole</i> <i>i.e.</i>, sunflower, or turnsole. See <u>Gyre</u>,
<u>Solar</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An American
plant, a perennial species of sunflower (<i>Helianthus
tuberosus</i>), whose tubers are sometimes used as food</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>One of the tubers themselves.</cd> --
<col><b>Jerusalem cherry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the popular
name of either of two species of <i>Solanum</i> (<i>S. Pseudo-
capsicum</i> and <i>S. capsicastrum</i>), cultivated as ornamental
house plants. They bear bright red berries of about the size of
cherries.</cd> -- <col><b>Jerusalem oak</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an aromatic goosefoot (<i>Chenopodium Botrys</i>), common about
houses and along roadsides.</cd> -- <col><b>Jerusalem sage</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a perennial herb of the Mint family (<i>Phlomis
tuberosa</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Jerusalem thorn</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a spiny, leguminous tree (<i>Parkinsonia
aculeata</i>), widely dispersed in warm countries, and used for
hedges.</cd> -- <col><b>The New Jerusalem</b></col>, <cd>Heaven; the
Celestial City.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jer"vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. Sp.
<i>yerba</i> herb, OSp., the poison of the veratrum.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A poisonous alkaloid resembling veratrine, and found with it in
white hellebore (<i>Veratrum album</i>); -- called also
<i>jervina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jesses</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>gies</i>, <i>giez</i>, prop.
pl. of  <i>giet</i>, <i>get</i>, <i>jet</i>, F. <i>jet</i>, a
throwing, jess. See <u>Jet</u> a shooting forth.] (<i>falconry</i>)
<def>A short strap of leather or silk secured round the leg of a
hawk, to which the leash or line, wrapped round the falconer's hand,
was attached when used. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Falcon</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a hawk, which feeling freed<BR>
From bells and <i>jesses</i> which did let her flight.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jes"sa*mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Jasmine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jes"sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Springing up or emerging; -- said of a plant or
animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jes"se</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>Jesse</i>, the
father of David, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. Herb. <i>Yishai</i>.] <def>Any
representation or suggestion of the genealogy of Christ, in
decorative art</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genealogical
tree represented in stained glass.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
candlestick with many branches, each of which bears the name of some
one of the descendants of Jesse; -- called also  <i>tree of
Jesse</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jesse window</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a window of
which the glazing and tracery represent the tree of Jesse.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jessed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Having jesses on, as a hawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>jeste</i>,
<i>geste</i>, deed, action, story, tale, OF.  <i>geste</i>, LL.
<i>gesta</i>, orig., exploits, neut. pl. from L. <i>gestus</i>, p. p.
of <i>gerere</i> to bear, carry, accomplish, perform; perh. orig., to
make to come, bring, and perh. akin to E. <i>come</i>.  Cf.
<u>Gest</u> a deed, <u>Register</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A deed; an action; a gest.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>jests</i> or actions of princes.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A mask; a pageant; an interlude.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He promised us, in honor of our guest,<BR>
To grace our banquet with some  pompous <i>jest</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Kyd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Something done or said in order to amuse;
a joke; a witticism; a jocose or sportive remark or phrase. See
Synonyms under <u>Jest</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must be sad . . . smile at no man's
<i>jests</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Right Honorable gentleman is indebted to his
memory for his <i>jests</i>, and to his imagination for his
facts.</blockquote> <i>Sheridan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>The object of laughter or sport; a
laughingstock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then let me be your <i>jest</i>; I deserve
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In jest</b></col>, <cd>for mere sport or diversion; not in
truth and reality; not in earnest.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And given in earnest what I begged <i>in
jest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Jest book</b></col>, <cd>a book containing a collection
of jests, jokes, and amusing anecdotes; a Joe Miller.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jest</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jesting</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To take part in a merrymaking; --
especially, to act in a mask or interlude.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To make merriment by words or actions; to
joke; to make light of anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>jests</i> at scars that never felt a
wound.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To joke; sport; rally.  -- To <u>Jest</u>,
<u>Joke</u>.  One  <i>jests</i> in order to make others laugh; one
<i>jokes</i> to please himself. A <i>jest</i> is usually at the
expense of another, and is often ill-natured; a <i>joke</i> is a
sportive sally designed to promote good humor without wounding the
feelings of its object. "<i>Jests</i> are, therefore, seldom
harmless; <i>jokes</i> frequently allowable. The most serious subject
may be degraded by being turned into a <i>jest</i>."
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jest"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gestour</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A buffoon; a merry-andrew; a court
fool.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This . . . was Yorick's skull, the king's
<i>jester</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dressed in the motley garb that <i>jesters</i>
wear.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A person addicted to jesting, or to
indulgence in light and amusing talk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He ambled up and down<BR>
With shallow <i>jesters</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jest"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to jesting;
full of jokes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jest"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sportive; not
serious; fit for jests.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will find that these are no <i>jesting</i>
matters.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jest"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or practice
of making jests; joking; pleasantry.</def>  <i>Eph. v. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jest"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a jesting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jes"u*it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>J&eacute;suite</i>, Sp. <i>Jesuita</i>: cf. It.
<i>Gesuita</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One of a religious
order founded by Ignatius Loyola, and approved in 1540, under the
title of The Society of Jesus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The order consists of Scholastics, the Professed, the
Spiritual Coadjutors, and the Temporal Coadjutors or Lay Brothers.
The Jesuit novice after two years becomes a Scholastic, and takes his
first vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience simply. Some years
after, at the close of a second novitiate, he takes his second vows
and is ranked among the Coadjutors or Professed. The Professed are
bound by a fourth vow, from which only the pope can dispense,
requiring them to go wherever the pope may send them for missionary
duty. The Coadjutors teach in the schools, and are employed in
general missionary labors. The Society is governed by a General who
holds office for life. He has associated with him "Assistants" (five
at the present time), representing different provinces. The Society
was first established in the United States in 1807. The Jesuits have
displayed in their enterprises a high degree of zeal, learning, and
skill, but, by their enemies, have been generally reputed to use art
and intrigue in promoting or accomplishing their purposes, whence the
words <i>Jesuit</i>, <i>Jesuitical</i>, and the like, have acquired
an opprobrious sense.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Fig.: A crafty person; an
intriguer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jesuits' bark</b></col>, <cd>Peruvian bark, or the bark of
certain species of <i>Cinchona</i>; -- so called because its
medicinal properties were first made known in Europe by Jesuit
missionaries to South America.</cd> -- <col><b>Jesuits'
drops</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Friar's balsam</i>, under
<u>Friar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Jesuits' nut</b></col>, <cd>the
European water chestnut.</cd> -- <col><b>Jesuits' powder</b></col>,
<cd>powdered cinchona bark.</cd> -- <col><b>Jesuits' tea</b></col>,
<cd>a Chilian leguminous shrub, used as a tea  and
medicinally.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jes"u*it*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Conforming to the
principles of the Jesuits.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jes"u*it*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>J&eacute;suitesse</i>.] <i>(R. C. Hist.)</i> <def>One of an order
of nuns established on the principles of the Jesuits, but suppressed
by Pope Urban in 1633.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jes`u*it"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Jes`u*it"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>j&eacute;suitique</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>Of or pertaining to the Jesuits, or to
their principles and methods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Designing; cunning; deceitful; crafty; --
an opprobrious use of the word.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jes`u*it"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
jesuitical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jes"u*it*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>j&eacute;suitisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>The principles and practices of the
Jesuits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Cunning; deceit; deceptive practices to
effect a purpose; subtle argument; -- an opprobrious use of the
word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jes`u*it*oc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Jesuit</i> + <i>-cracy</i>,  as in  <i>aristocracy</i>.]
<def>Government by Jesuits; also, the whole body of Jesuits in a
country.</def> [R.]  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jes"u*it*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Jesuitism;
subtle argument.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Je"sus</hw> (j&emacr;"z&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Jesus</i>, Gr. &?;, from Heb. <i>Y&emacr;sh&umacr;a'</i>;
<i>Y&amacr;h</i> Jehovah + <i>h&omacr;sh&imacr;a'</i> to help.]
<def>The <u>Savior</u>; the name of the Son of God as announced by
the angel to his parents; the personal name of Our Lord, in
distinction from Christ, his official appellation.</def>  <i>Luke i.
31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt call his name <i>Jesus</i>; for he shall
save his people from their sins.</blockquote> <i>Matt. i. 21.</i></p>

<p>&fist;The form <i>Jesu</i> is often used, esp. in the
vocative.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Jesu</i>, do thou my soul receive.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The Society of Jesus</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Jesuit</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as 2d
<u>Get</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>jet</i>, <i>jayet</i>,
F. <i>ja&iuml;et</i>, <i>jais</i>, L. <i>gagates</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; --
so called from &?; or &?;, a town and river in Lycia.] [written also
<i>jeat</i>, <i>jayet</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of lignite,
of a very compact texture and velvet black color, susceptible of a
good polish, and often wrought into mourning jewelry, toys, buttons,
etc. Formerly called also <i>black amber</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jet ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a blackish
European ant (<i>Formica fuliginosa</i>), which builds its nest of a
paperlike material in the trunks of trees.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jet</i>, OF. <i>get</i>,
<i>giet</i>, L. <i>jactus</i> a throwing, a throw, fr. <i>jacere</i>
to throw.  Cf. <u>Abject</u>, <u>Ejaculate</u>, <u>Gist</u>,
<u>Jess</u>, <u>Jut</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A shooting forth; a spouting; a spurt; a
sudden rush or gush, as of water from a pipe, or of flame from an
orifice; also, that which issues in a jet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Drift; scope; range, as of an
argument.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>The sprue of a type, which is broken from
it when the type is cold.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Jet propeller</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a device for
propelling vessels by means of a forcible jet of water ejected from
the vessel, as by a centrifugal pump.</cd> -- <col><b>Jet
pump</b></col>, <cd>a device in which a small jet of steam, air,
water, or other fluid, in rapid motion, lifts or otherwise moves, by
its impulse, a larger quantity of the fluid with which it
mingles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jet</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jetted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jetting</u>.] [F. <i>jeter</i>, L. <i>jactare</i>, freq. fr.
<i>jacere</i> to throw. See 3d <u>Jet</u>, and cf. <u>Jut</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To strut; to walk with a lofty or haughty
gait; to be insolent; to obtrude.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote> he <i>jets</i> under his advanced
plumes!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>jet</i> upon a prince's right.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To jerk; to jolt; to be shaken.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To shoot forward or out; to project; to
jut out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spout; to emit in a
stream or jet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dozen angry models <i>jetted</i> steam.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jet"-black`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Black as jet;
deep black.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jet` d'eau"</hw> (?), <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Jets
d'eau</b></plw> (&?;). [F., a throw of water. See <u>Jet</u> a
shooting forth.] <def>A stream of water spouting from a fountain or
pipe (especially from one arranged to throw water upward), in a
public place or in a garden, for ornament.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jet"e*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A yellowness of the parts of plants which are normally green;
yellows.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Jet"sam</hw> (?), <hw>||Jet"son</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jeter</i> to throw: cf. OF.
<i>getaison</i> a throwing.  Cf. <u>Flotsam</u>,
<u>Jettison</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <i>(Mar. Law)</i> <def>Goods which sink when
cast into the sea, and remain under water; -- distinguished from
<i>flotsam</i>, goods which float, and <i>ligan</i>, goods which are
sunk attached to a buoy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Jettison. See <u>Jettison</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><! p. 800 !></p>

<p><hw>Jet"teau</hw> (j&ebreve;t"t&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Jet d'eau</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jet"tee</hw> (-t&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jetty</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>  <i> Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jet"ter</hw> (-t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
struts; one who bears himself jauntily; a fop.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jet"ti*ness</hw> (-t&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s). <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being jetty; blackness.</def> <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jet"ti*son</hw> (?). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Jetsam</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mar. Law)</i> <def>The throwing overboard
of goods from necessity, in order to lighten a vessel in danger of
wreck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Jetsam</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jet"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jeton</i>.]
<def>A metal counter used in playing cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jet"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of jet, or
like jet in color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people . . . are of a <i>jetty</i>.</blockquote>
<i> Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jet"ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jetties</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>jet&eacute;e</i> a pier, a
jetty, a causeway. See <u>Jet</u> a shooting forth, and cf.
<u>Jutty</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A part of a building that
jets or projects beyond the rest, and overhangs the wall
below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wharf or pier extending from the
shore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Hydraul. Engin.)</i> <def>A structure of
wood or stone extended into the sea to influence the current or tide,
or to protect a harbor; a mole; as, the Eads system of <i>jetties</i>
at the mouth of the Mississippi River.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jetty head</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a projecting part
at the end of a wharf; the front of a wharf whose side forms one of
the cheeks of a dock.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jet"ty</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To jut out; to
project.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Florio.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Jeu" d'es`prit"</hw> (?). [F., play of mind.] <def>A
witticism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>Juis</i>, pl., F.
<i>Juif</i>, L. <i>Judaeus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; the country of the
Jews, Judea, fr. Heb. <i>Y&?;h&?;d&amacr;h</i> Judah, son of Jacob.
Cf. <u>Judaic</u>.] <def>Originally, one belonging to the tribe or
kingdom of Judah; after the return from the Babylonish captivity, any
member of the new state; a Hebrew; an Israelite.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jew's frankincense</b></col>, <cd>gum styrax, or
benzoin.</cd> -- <col><b>Jew's mallow</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
annual herb (<i>Corchorus olitorius</i>) cultivated in Syria and
Egypt as a pot herb, and in India for its fiber.</cd> --
<col><b>Jew's pitch</b></col>, <cd>asphaltum; bitumen.</cd> --
<col><b>The Wandering Jew</b></col>, <cd>an imaginary personage, who,
for his cruelty to the Savior during his passion, is doomed to wander
on the earth till Christ's second coming.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jew"bush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
euphorbiaceous shrub of the genus <i>Pedilanthus</i> (<i>P.
tithymaloides</i>), found in the West Indies, and possessing powerful
emetic and drastic qualities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jew"el</hw> (j&umacr;"&ebreve;l <i>or</i> j&udd;"&ebreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>juel</i>, <i>jowel</i>, OF.
<i>jouel</i>, <i>juel</i>, <i>joiel</i>, F. <i>joyau</i>, dim. of OF.
<i>joie</i> joy, jewel, F. joie joy. See <u>Joy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ornament of dress usually made of a
precious metal, and having enamel or precious stones as a part of its
design.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plate of rare device, and <i>jewels</i><BR>
Of rich and exquisite form.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A precious stone; a gem.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An object regarded with special affection;
a precious thing.</def> "Our prince (<i>jewel</i> of children)."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A bearing for a pivot a pivot in a watch,
formed of a crystal or precious stone, as a ruby.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jewel block</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>block at the
extremity of a yard, through which the halyard of a studding sail is
rove.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jew"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jeweled</u> (?), or <u>Jewelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Jeweling</u>, or <u>Jewelling</u>.] <def>To
dress, adorn, deck, or supply with jewels, as a dress, a sword hilt,
or a watch; to bespangle, as with jewels.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The long gray tufts . . . are <i>jeweled</i> thick
with dew.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jew"el*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>joaillier</i>.] <def>One who makes, or deals in, jewels, precious
stones, and similar ornaments.</def> [Written also
<i>jeweller</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Jeweler's gold</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Gold</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jew"el*ler*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jewelry</u>.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jew"el*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>joaillerie</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or trade of a jeweler.</def>
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Jewels, collectively; as, a bride's
<i>jewelry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jew"el*weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Impatiens</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jew"ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <pos><i>fem.</i></pos> of
<u>Jew</u>. <def>A Hebrew woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jew"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A very large serranoid fish (<i>Promicrops
itaiara</i>) of Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. It often reaches the
weight of five hundred pounds. Its color is olivaceous or yellowish,
with numerous brown spots. Called also <i>guasa</i>, and
<i>warsaw</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A similar gigantic fish (<i>Stereolepis
gigas</i>) of Southern California, valued as a food fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The black grouper of Florida and
Texas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A large herringlike fish; the
tarpum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jew*ise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Juise</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jew"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Jews or Hebrews; characteristic of or resembling the Jews or
their customs; Israelitish.</def> -- <wf>Jew"ish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Jew"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Jew"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>Jewerie</i>, OF.
<i>Juierie</i>, F. <i>Juiverie</i>.] <def>Judea; also, a district
inhabited by Jews; a Jews' quarter.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Teaching throughout all <i>Jewry</i>.</blockquote> <i>
Luke xxiii. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jew's"-ear`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A species of fungus (<i>Hirneola Auricula-Jud&aelig;, or
Auricula</i>), bearing some resemblance to the human ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jew's-harp`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Jew</i> +
<i>harp</i>; or possibly a corrupt. of <i>jaw's harp</i>; cf. G.
<i>maultrommel</i>, lit., mouthdrum.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
instrument of music, which, when placed between the teeth, gives, by
means of a bent metal tongue struck by the finger, a sound which is
modulated by the breath; -- called also <i>Jew's-trump</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The shackle for joining a
chain cable to an anchor.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jew's-stone`</hw> (?), <hw>Jew"stone`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A large clavate spine of a
fossil sea urchin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jez"e*bel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Jezebel</i>,
Heb. <i>Izebel</i>, the wife of Ahab king of Israel.] <def>A bold,
vicious woman; a termagant.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jha"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wild goat (<i>Capra Jemlaica</i>) which
inhabits the loftiest mountains of India. It has long, coarse hair,
forming a thick mane on its head and neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from its shifting
from side to side. See <u>Jib</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>.,
<u>Jibe</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A triangular sail set upon
a stay or halyard extending from the foremast or fore-topmast to the
bowsprit or the jib boom. Large vessels often carry several jibs; as,
inner <i>jib</i>; outer <i>jib</i>; flying <i>jib</i>; etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The projecting arm of a
crane, from which the load is suspended.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jib boom</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a spar or boom
which serves as an extension of the bowsprit. It is sometimes
extended by another spar called the <i>flying jib boom</i></cd>.
[Written also <i>gib boom</i>.] -- <col><b>Jib crane</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a crane having a horizontal jib on which a
trolley moves, bearing the load.</cd> -- <col><b>Jib door</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a door made flush with the wall, without
dressings or moldings; a disguised door.</cd> -- <col><b>Jib
header</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a gaff-topsail, shaped like a
jib; a jib-headed topsail.</cd> -- <col><b>Jib topsail</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a small jib set above and outside of all the
other jibs.</cd> -- <col><b>The cut of one's jib</b></col>, <cd>one's
outward appearance.</cd> [Colloq.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jib</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Connected with
<i>jibe</i>; cf. OF. <i>giber</i> to shake.] <def>To move restively
backward or sidewise, -- said of a horse; to balk.</def> [Written
also <i>jibb</i>.] [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Jib"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A horse that
jibs.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Jibe</hw> (j&imacr;b), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Jibed</u> (j&imacr;bd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Jibing</u> (j&imacr;b"&ibreve;ng).] [Cf. Dan.
<i>gibbe</i>, D. <i>gijpen</i>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and dial.
Sw. <i>gippa</i> to jerk.  Cf. <u>Jib</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To shift, as the boom of
a fore-and-aft sail, from one side of a vessel to the other when the
wind is aft or on the quarter. See <u>Gybe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jibe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To change a ship's course so as to cause a
shifting of the boom. See <u>Jibe</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and
<u>Gybe</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To agree; to harmonize.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jif"fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. corrupt. fr.
<i>gliff</i>.] [Written also <i>giffy</i>.] <def>A moment; an
instant; as, I will be ready in a <i>jiffy</i>.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>J. &amp; H. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>gigue</i> a
stringed instrument, a kind of dance, F. <i>gigue</i> dance, tune,
gig; of German origin; cf. MHG. <i>g&imacr;ge</i> fiddle, G.
<i>geige</i>.  Cf. <u>Gig</u> a fiddle, <u>Gig</u> a whirligig.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A light, brisk musical
movement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hot and hasty, like a Scotch <i>jig</i>.</blockquote>
<i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A light, humorous piece of writing, esp.
in rhyme; a farce in verse; a ballad.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>jig</i> shall be clapped at, and every rhyme<BR>
Praised and applauded.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece of sport; a trick; a prank.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Is't not a fine <i>jig</i>,<BR>
A precious cunning, in the late Protector?</blockquote> <i> Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A trolling bait, consisting of a bright
spoon and a hook attached.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
machine or handy tool</def>; esp.: <i>(Metal Working)</i> <def>A
contrivance fastened to or inclosing a piece of work, and having hard
steel surfaces to guide a tool, as a drill, or to form a shield or
templet to work to, as in filing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>An apparatus or a machine for jigging
ore.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Drill jig</b></col>, <cd>a jig for guiding a drill. See
<u>Jig</u>, 6 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Jig
drilling</b></col>, <col><b>Jig filing</b></col> <i>(Metal
Working)</i>, <cd>a process of drilling or filing in which the action
of the tool is directed or limited by a jig.</cd> -- <col><b>Jig
saw</b></col>, <cd>a sawing machine with a narrow, vertically
reciprocating saw, used to cut curved and irregular lines, or
ornamental patterns in openwork, a scroll saw; -- called also <i>gig
saw</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jigged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jigging</u> (?).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sing to the tune of a jig.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Jig</i> off a tune at the tongue's
end.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To trick or cheat; to cajole; to
delude.</def>  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To sort or separate, as
ore in a jigger or sieve. See <u>Jigging</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Metal Working)</i> <def>To cut or form, as
a piece of metal, in a jigging machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jig</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dance a jig; to skip
about.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>jig</i>, you amble, and you lisp.</blockquote>
<i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jig"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corrupt. of
<i>chigre</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of flea
(<i>Sarcopsylla, or Pulex, penetrans</i>), which burrows beneath the
skin. See <u>Chigoe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jig"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Jig</u>, <pos><i>n.
& v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, jigs;
specifically, a miner who sorts or cleans ore by the process of
jigging; also, the sieve used in jigging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pottery)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
horizontal table carrying a revolving mold, on which earthen vessels
are shaped by rapid motion; a potter's wheel.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A templet or tool by which vessels are
shaped on a potter's wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A light
tackle, consisting of a double and single block and the fall, used
for various purposes, as to increase the purchase on a topsail sheet
in hauling it home; the watch tackle.</def> <i>Totten.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small fishing vessel, rigged like a
yawl.</def> [New Eng.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A supplementary sail.
See <u>Dandy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pendulum rolling machine for slicking or
graining leather; same as <u>Jack</u>, 4
<sd><i>(i)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jigger mast</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The after mast of a four-masted vessel</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The small mast set at the stern of a yawl-rigged boat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jig"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>The act or using a jig; the act of separating ore with a jigger,
or wire-bottomed sieve, which is moved up and down in
water.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jigging machine</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Mining)</i> <cd>A machine for separating ore by the process of
jigging</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Metal Working)</i> <cd>A
machine with a rotary milling cutter and a templet by which the
action of the cutter is guided or limited; -- used for forming the
profile of an irregularly shaped piece; a profiling machine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jig"gish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling, or suitable for, a jig, or lively movement.</def>
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Playful; frisky.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She is never sad, and yet not
<i>jiggish</i>.</blockquote> <i> Habington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>jig</i>.] <def>To wriggle or frisk about; to move awkwardly; to
shake up and down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jig"jog`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A jolting motion;
a jogging pace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jig"jog</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a jolting
motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Gill</u>
sweetheart.] <def>A young woman; a sweetheart. See <u>Gill</u>.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jill"-flirt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light,
giddy, or wanton girl or woman. See <u>Gill-flirt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jilt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr. Scot.
<i>jillet</i> a giddy girl, a jill-flirt, dim. of <i>jill</i> a
jill.] <def>A woman who capriciously deceives her lover; a coquette;
a flirt.</def>  <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jilt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jilted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jilting</u>.] <def>To cast off capriciously or unfeelingly, as a
lover; to deceive in love.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jilt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the jilt; to
practice deception in love; to discard lovers capriciously.</def>
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jim"crack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gimcrack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jim"-crow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A machine for bending or straightening
rails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A planing machine with a reversing tool,
to plane both ways.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jim"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jimmies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. <u>Jemmy</u>.] <def>A short
crowbar used by burglars in breaking open doors.</def> [Written also
<i>jemmy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Jimp</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gimp</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Neat; handsome; elegant. See
<u>Gimp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jim"son weed`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Jamestown weed</u>.</def>
[Local, U.S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Jin</hw>, <hw>Jinn</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jinnee</u>.</def> "Solomon is said to have had power over the
<i>jin</i>."  <i>Balfour (Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Jin*gal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>jang&amacr;l</i> a swivel, a large musket.] <def>A small portable
piece of ordnance, mounted on a swivel.</def> [Written also
<i>gingal</i> and <i>jingall</i>.] [India]</p>

<p><hw>Jin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>gingelen</i>, <i>ginglen</i>; prob. akin to E. <i>chink</i>; cf.
also E. <i>jangle</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sound with a fine, sharp, rattling,
clinking, or tinkling sound; as, sleigh bells <i>jingle</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>gingle</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rhyme or sound with a jingling
effect.</def> "<i>Jingling</i> street ballads."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jingled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jingling</u> (?).] <def>To cause to give a sharp metallic sound as
a little bell, or as coins shaken together; to tinkle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bells she <i>jingled</i>, and the whistle
blew.</blockquote> <i> Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
rattling, clinking, or tinkling sound, as of little bells or pieces
of metal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which makes a jingling sound, as a
rattle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you plant where savages are, do not only entertain
them with trifles and <i>jingles</i>, but use them
justly.</blockquote> <i> Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A correspondence of sound in rhymes,
especially when the verse has little merit; hence, the verse
itself.</def>" The least <i>jingle</i> of verse."
<i>Guardian.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Jingle shell</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Gold shell</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, under <u>Gold</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jin"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, jingles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jin"gling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of producing a jingle; also, the sound itself; a chink.</def>
"The <i>jingling</i> of the guinea."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jin"gling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
jingle.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jin"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jingoes</b></plw> (#). [Said to be a corruption of St.
<i>Gingoulph</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A word used as a jocular oath.</def> "By
the living <i>jingo</i>."  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A statesman who pursues, or who favors,
aggressive, domineering policy in foreign affairs.</def> [Cant,
Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; This sense arose from a doggerel song which was popular
during the Turco-Russian war of 1877 and 1878. The first two lines
were as follows: --</p>

<p><blockquote>We don't want to fight, but by <i>Jingo</i> if we
do,<BR>
We 've got the ships, we 've got the men, we 've got the money
too.</blockquote>
</p>

<p><hw>Jin"go*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The policy of
the Jingoes, so called. See <u>Jingo</u>, 2.</def> [Cant, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Jin"nee</hw> (j&ibreve;n"n&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Jinn</b></plw> (j&ibreve;n). [Ar.] <i>(Arabian &
Mohammedan Myth.)</i> <def>A genius or demon; one of the fabled
genii, good and evil spirits, supposed to be the children of fire,
and to have the power of assuming various forms.</def> [Written also
<i>jin</i>, <i>djinnee</i>, etc.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Jinn</i> is also used as <pos><i>sing.</i></pos>, with
<pos><i>pl.</i></pos> <i>jinns</i> (&?;).</p>

<p><hw>Jin"ny road`</hw> (?). [Cf. <u>Gin</u> an engine,
<u>Ginnycarriage</u>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>An inclined road in a
coal mine, on which loaded cars descend by gravity, drawing up empty
ones.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jin*rik"i*sha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap. <i>jin</i>
man + <i>riki</i> power + <i>sha</i> carriage.] <def>A small, two-
wheeled, hooded vehicle drawn by one or more men.</def> [Japan]</p>

<p><hw>Jip"po</hw> (j&ibreve;p"p&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev.
fr. <i>juppon</i>.] <def>A waistcoat or kind of stays for
women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Joes</b></plw> (#). [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A sweetheart; a
darling.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Job</hw> (j&obreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>job</i>, <i>gob</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, a small piece of wood,
v., to stab, strike; cf. E. <i>gob</i>, <i>gobbet</i>; perh.
influenced by E. <i>chop</i> to cut off, to mince. See
<u>Gob</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden thrust or stab; a jab.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of chance or occasional work; any
definite work undertaken in gross for a fixed price; as, he did the
<i>job</i> for a thousand dollars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A public transaction done for private
profit; something performed ostensibly as a part of official duty,
but really for private gain; a corrupt official business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any affair or event which affects one,
whether fortunately or unfortunately.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 801 !></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A situation or opportunity of work; as, he
lost his <i>job</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Job</i> is used adjectively to signify <i>doing
jobs</i>, <i>used for jobs</i>, or <i>let on hire to do jobs</i>; as,
<i>job</i> printer; <i>job</i> master; <i>job</i> horse; <i>job</i>
wagon, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>By the job</b></col>, <cd>at a stipulated sum for the
work, or for each piece of work done; -- distinguished from <i>time
work</i>; as, the house was built <i>by the job</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Job lot</b></col>, <cd>a quantity of goods, usually
miscellaneous, sold out of the regular course of trade, at a certain
price for the whole; as, these articles were included in a <i>job
lot</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Job master</b></col>, <cd>one who lest out
horses and carriages for hire, as for family use.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Job printer</b></col>, <cd>one who does miscellaneous
printing, esp. circulars, cards, billheads, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Odd
job</b></col>, <cd>miscellaneous work of a petty kind; occasional
work, of various kinds, or for various people.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Job</hw> (j&obreve;b), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Jobbed</u> (j&obreve;bd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Jobbing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike or stab with a pointed
instrument.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrust in, as a pointed
instrument.</def>  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To do or cause to be done by separate
portions or lots; to sublet (work); as, to <i>job</i> a
contract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To buy and sell, as a
broker; to purchase of importers or manufacturers for the purpose of
selling to retailers; as, to <i>job</i> goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To hire or let by the job or for a period
of service; as, to <i>job</i> a carriage.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Job</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
do chance work for hire; to work by the piece; to do petty
work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Authors of all work, to <i>job</i> for the
season.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seek private gain under pretense of
public service; to turn public matters to private
advantage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And judges <i>job</i>, and bishops bite the
town.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To carry on the business of a jobber in
merchandise or stocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Job</hw> (j&omacr;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hero of
the book of that name in the Old Testament; the typical patient
man.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Job's comforter</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A false
friend; a tactless or malicious person who, under pretense of
sympathy, insinuates rebukes.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
boil</cd>. [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Job's news</b></col>, <cd>bad
news.</cd> <i>Carlyle.</i> -- <col><b>Job's tears</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of grass (<i>Coix Lacryma</i>), with hard,
shining, pearly grains.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jo*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>job</i>
to scold, to reprove, perh. fr. <i>Job</i>, the proper name.] <def>A
scolding; a hand, tedious reproof.</def> [Low]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Job"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who works by the job.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dealer in the public stocks or funds; a
stockjobber.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who buys goods from importers,
wholesalers, or manufacturers, and sells to retailers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who turns official or public business
to private advantage; hence, one who performs low or mercenary work
in office, politics, or intrigue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Job"ber*nowl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>jobbernoule</i>, fr. <i>jobarde</i> a stupid fellow; cf. E.
<i>noll</i>.] <def>A blockhead.</def> [Colloq. &amp; Obs.]  <i>H.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Job"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or practice of jobbing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Underhand management; official corruption;
as, municipal <i>jobbery</i>.</def>  <i>Mayhew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Job"bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Doing chance work or odd jobs; as, a <i>jobbing</i>
carpenter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Using opportunities of public service for
private gain; as, a <i>jobbing</i> politician.</def>  <i>London Sat.
Rev.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Jobbing house</b></col>, <cd>a mercantile establishment
which buys from importers, wholesalers or manufacturers, and sells to
retailers.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Jo"cant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>jocans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>jocare</i> to jest, fr. <i>jocus</i> a jest.] <def>The
act or practice of jesting.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Jock"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jockeys</b></plw> (#). [Dim. of <i>Jack</i>, Scot.
<i>Jock</i>; orig., a boy who rides horses. See 2d <u>Jack</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A professional rider of horses in
races.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dealer in horses; a horse trader.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cheat; one given to sharp practice in
trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jock"ey</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jockeyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jockeying</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>" To jostle by riding
against one."</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To play the jockey toward; to cheat; to
trick; to impose upon in trade; as, to <i>jockey</i> a
customer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jock"ey</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play or act the
jockey; to cheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jock"ey*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
management of one who jockeys; trickery.</def>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jock"ey*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice
of jockeys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jock"ey*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art,
character, or position, of a jockey; the personality of a
jockey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go flatter Sawney for his
<i>jockeyship</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chatterton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where can at last his <i>jockeyship</i>
retire?</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo*cose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L <i>jocosus</i>, fr.
<i>jocus</i> joke. See <u>Joke</u>.] <def>Given to jokes and jesting;
containing a joke, or abounding in jokes; merry; sportive;
humorous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To quit their austerity and be <i>jocose</i> and
pleasant with an adversary.</blockquote> <i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All . . . <i>jocose</i> or comical airs should be
excluded.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Jocular; facetious; witty; merry; pleasant;
waggish; sportive; funny; comical.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Jo*cose"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Jo*cose"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Spondanus imagines that Ulysses may possibly speak
<i>jocosely</i>, but in truth Ulysses never behaves with
levity.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He must beware lest his letter should contain anything
like <i>jocoseness</i>; since jesting is incompatible with a holy and
serious life.</blockquote> <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo`co*se"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Joco</i>se
+ <i>serious</i>.] <def>Mingling mirth and seriousness.</def>  <i>M.
Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo*cos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A jocose act
or saying; jocoseness.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>jocularis</i>,
fr. <i>joculus</i>, dim. of <i>jocus</i> joke. See <u>Joke</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Given to jesting; jocose; as, a
<i>jocular</i> person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sportive; merry.</def> "<i>Jocular</i>
exploits."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The style is serious and partly
<i>jocular</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joc`u*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Jesting;
merriment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joc"u*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In jest;
for sport or mirth; jocosely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joc"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>jocularius</i>.  Cf. <u>Jocular</u>.] <def>Jocular; jocose;
sportive.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joc"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Juggler</u>.] <def>A jester; a joker.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Strutt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joc"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>joculatorius</i>.] <def>Droll; sportive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joc"und</hw> (?), [L. <i>jocundus</i>, <i>jucundus</i>, orig.,
helpful, fr. <i>juvare</i> to help. See <u>Aid</u>.] <def>Merry;
cheerful; gay; airy; lively; sportive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Night's candles are burnt out, and <i>jocund</i>
day<BR>
Stands tiptoe on the misty mountain tops.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rural sports and <i>jocund</i> strains.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Joc"und*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Joc"und*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Joc"und</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Merrily;
cheerfully.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo*cun"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>jocunditas
jucunditas</i>. See <u>Jocund</u>, and cf. <u>Jucundity</u>.]
<def>The state or quality of being jocund; gayety;
sportiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Johannes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joe" Mil"ler</hw> (?). [From <i>Joseph Miller</i>, a comic
actor, whose name was attached, after his death, to a popular jest
book published in 1739.] <def>A jest book; a stale jest; a worn-out
joke.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is an old <i>Joe Miller</i> in whist circles, that
there are only two reasons that can justify you in not returning
trumps to your partner's lead; i. e., first, sudden illness;
secondly, having none.</blockquote> <i>Pole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joe`-Pye" weed`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tall composite
plant of the genus <i>Eupatorium</i> (<i>E. purpureum</i>), with
purplish flowers, and whorled leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jog</hw> (j&obreve;g), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Jogged</u> (j&obreve;gd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Jogging</u> (-g&ibreve;ng).] [OE. <i>joggen</i>; cf.
W. <i>gogi</i> to shake, and also E. <i>shog</i>, <i>shock</i>,
v.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To push or shake with the elbow or hand;
to jostle; esp., to push or touch, in order to give notice, to excite
one's attention, or to warn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now leaps he upright, <i>jogs</i> me, and cries: Do
you see<BR>
Yonder well-favored youth?</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sudden I <i>jogged</i> Ulysses, who was laid<BR>
Fast by my side.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suggest to; to notify; to remind; to
call the attention of; as, to <i>jog</i> the memory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to jog; to drive at a jog, as a
horse. See <u>Jog</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Jog</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move by jogs or
small shocks, like those of a slow trot; to move slowly, leisurely,
or monotonously; -- usually with <i>on</i>, sometimes with
<i>over</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Jog</i> on, <i>jog</i> on, the footpath
way.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So hung his destiny, never to rot,<BR>
While he might still <i>jog</i> on and keep his trot.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The good old ways our sires <i>jogged</i> safely
over.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jog</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
slight shake; a shake or push intended to give notice or awaken
attention; a push; a jolt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To give them by turns an invisible
<i>jog</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rub; a slight stop; an obstruction;
hence, an irregularity in motion of from; a hitch; a break in the
direction of a line or the surface of a plane.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Jog trot</b></col>, <cd>a slow, regular, jolting gait;
hence, a routine habit or method, persistently adhered to.</cd>
<i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jog"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
jogs.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jog"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of giving
a jog or jogs; traveling at a jog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jog"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Joggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Joggling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>jog</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shake slightly; to push suddenly but
slightly, so as to cause to shake or totter; to jostle; to
jog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>To join by means of
joggles, so as to prevent sliding apart; sometimes, loosely, to
dowel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The struts of a roof are <i>joggled</i> into the truss
posts.</blockquote> <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jog"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shake or totter;
to slip out of place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jog"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Arch.] <def>A notch or
tooth in the joining surface of any piece of building material to
prevent slipping; sometimes, but incorrectly, applied to a separate
piece fitted into two adjacent stones, or the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Joggle joint</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a joint in any
kind of building material, where the joining surfaces are made with
joggles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jo`han*ne"an</hw> (j&osl;`h&abreve;n*n&emacr;"<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to John, esp. to the
Apostle John or his writings.</def>  <i>M. Stuart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo*han"nes</hw> (j&osl;*h&abreve;n"n&emacr;z),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, Heb.
<i>Y&ebreve;h&omacr;kh&amacr;n&amacr;n</i>,
<i>Y&omacr;kh&amacr;n&amacr;n</i>, i. e., one whom Jehovah has
blessed; hence F. <i>Jean</i>, E. <i>John</i>.] <i>(Numis.)</i>
<def>A Portuguese gold coin of the value of eight dollars, named from
the figure of King John which it bears; -- often contracted into
<i>joe</i>; as, a <i>joe</i>, or a half <i>joe</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jo*han"nis*ber`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>A
fine white wine produced on the estate of Schloss (or Castle)
<i>Johannisberg</i>, on the Rhine.</def></p>

<p><hw>John</hw> (j&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Johannes</u>.] <def>A proper name of a man.</def></p>

<p><col><b>John-apple</b></col>, <cd>a sort of apple ripe about St.
John's Day. Same as <u>Apple-john</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>John
Bull</b></col>, <cd>an ideal personification of the typical
characteristics of an Englishman, or of the English people.</cd> --
<col><b>John Bullism</b></col>, <cd>English character.</cd> <i>W.
Irving.</i> -- <col><b>John Doe</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,  <cd>the name
formerly given to the fictitious plaintiff in an action of
ejectment.</cd> <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i> -- <col><b>John Doree</b></col>,
<col><b>John Dory</b></col>. [<i>John</i> (or F. <i>jaune</i> yellow)
+ <i>Doree</i>, <i>Dory</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>An oval,
compressed, European food fish (<i>Zeus faber</i>). Its color is
yellow and olive, with golden, silvery, and blue reflections. It has
a round dark spot on each side. Called also <i>dory</i>,
<i>doree</i>, and <i>St. Peter's fish</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>John"a*dreams`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dreamy,
idle fellow.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>John"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Johnnies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A familiar
diminutive of <u>John</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sculpin.</def>
[Local cant]</p>

<p><col><b>Johny Crapaud</b></col> (&?;), <cd>a jocose designation of
a Frenchman, or of the French people, collectively.</cd></p>

<p><hw>John"ny*cake`</hw> (-k&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
kind of bread made of the meal of maize (Indian corn), mixed with
water or milk, etc., and baked.</def> [U.S.]  <i>J. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>John`son*ese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The literary
style of Dr. Samuel <i>Johnson</i>, or one formed in imitation of it;
an inflated, stilted, or pompous style, affecting classical
words.</def>  <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><hw>John"son grass`</hw> (?). [Named after W. <i>Johnson</i> of
Alabama, who planted it about 1840-1845.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tall
perennial grass (<i>Sorghum Halepense</i>), valuable in the Southern
and Western States for pasture and hay. The rootstocks are large and
juicy and are eagerly sought by swine. Called also <i>Cuba grass</i>,
<i>Means grass</i>, <i>Evergreen millet</i>, and <i>Arabian
millet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>John*so"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to or resembling Dr. <i>Johnson</i> or his style; pompous;
inflated.</def></p>

<p><hw>John*so"ni*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A manner
of acting or of writing peculiar to, or characteristic of, Dr.
<i>Johnson</i>.</def> [Written also <i>Johnsonism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>John's"-wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See St.
<u>John's-wort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Join</hw> (join), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Joined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Joining</u>.] [OE. <i>joinen</i>, <i>joignen</i>, F.
<i>joindre</i>, fr. L. <i>jungere</i> to yoke, bind together, join;
akin to <i>jugum</i> yoke. See <u>Yoke</u>, and cf. <u>Conjugal</u>,
<u>Junction</u>, <u>Junta</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring together, literally or
figuratively; to place in contact; to connect; to couple; to unite;
to combine; to associate; to add; to append.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Woe unto them that <i>join</i> house to
house.</blockquote> <i>Is. v. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Held up his left hand, which did flame and burn<BR>
Like twenty torches <i>joined</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy tuneful voice with numbers
<i>join</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To associate one's self to; to be or
become connected with; to league one's self with; to unite with; as,
to <i>join</i> a party; to <i>join</i> the church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We jointly now to <i>join</i> no other
head.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unite in marriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that <i>joineth</i> his virgin in
matrimony.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What, therefore, God hath <i>joined</i> together, let
not man put asunder.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xix. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To enjoin upon; to command.</def> [Obs. &
R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>join</i> them penance, as they call
it.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To accept, or engage in, as a contest; as,
to <i>join</i> encounter, battle, issue.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To join battle</b></col>, <col><b>To join issue</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Battle</u>, <u>Issue</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To add; annex; unite; connect; combine; consociate;
couple; link; append. See <u>Add</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Join</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be contiguous,
close, or in contact; to come together; to unite; to mingle; to form
a union; as, the bones of the skull <i>join</i>; two rivers
<i>join</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose house <i>joined</i> hard to the
synagogue.</blockquote> <i>Acts xviii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Should we again break thy commandments, and
<i>join</i> in affinity with the people of these
abominations?</blockquote> <i>Ezra ix. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature and fortune <i>joined</i> to make thee
great.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Join</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The line
joining two points; the point common to two intersecting lines.</def>
<i>Henrici.</i></p>

<p><hw>Join"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. &amp; F.
<i>joignant</i>, p. pr. of <i>joindre</i> to join.]
<def>Adjoining.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Join"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>joindre</i>.
See <u>Join</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of joining; a putting together;
conjunction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Confirmed by mutual <i>joinder</i> of your
hands.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A joining
of parties as plaintiffs or defendants in a suit.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Acceptance of an issue tendered in law or
fact.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A joining of causes of action or
defense in civil suits or criminal prosecutions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Join"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, joins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One whose occupation is to construct
articles by joining pieces of wood; a mechanic who does the woodwork
(as doors, stairs, etc.) necessary for the finishing of
buildings.</def> "One Snug, the <i>joiner</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wood-working machine, for sawing,
plaining, mortising, tenoning, grooving, etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Carpenter</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Join"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art, or
trade, of a joiner; the work of a joiner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A piece of <i>joinery</i> . . . whimsically
dovetailed.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Join"hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Writing in
which letters are joined in words; -- distinguished from writing in
single letters.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joint</hw> (joint), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>joint</i>, fr.
<i>joindre</i>, <i>p. p. joint</i>. See <u>Join</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The place or part where two things or
parts are joined or united; the union of two or more smooth or even
surfaces admitting of a close-fitting or junction; junction; as, a
<i>joint</i> between two pieces of timber; a <i>joint</i> in a
pipe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A joining of two things or parts so as to
admit of motion; an articulation, whether movable or not; a hinge;
as, the knee <i>joint</i>; a node or <i>joint</i> of a stem; a ball
and socket <i>joint</i>.  See <u>Articulation</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A scaly gauntlet now, with <i>joints</i> of steel,<BR>
Must glove this hand.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To tear thee <i>joint</i> by
<i>joint</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The part or space included between two
joints, knots, nodes, or articulations; as, a <i>joint</i> of cane or
of a grass stem; a <i>joint</i> of the leg.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any one of the large pieces of meat, as
cut into portions by the butcher for roasting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A plane of fracture, or
divisional plane, of a rock transverse to the
stratification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The space between the
adjacent surfaces of two bodies joined and held together, as by means
of cement, mortar, etc.; as, a thin <i>joint</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The means whereby the meeting surfaces of
pieces in a structure are secured together.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coursing joint</b></col> <i>(Masonry)</i>, <cd>the mortar
joint between two courses of bricks or stones.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish
joint</b></col>, <col><b>Miter joint</b></col>, <col><b>Universal
joint</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>Fish</u>, <u>Miter</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Joint bolt</b></col>, <cd>a bolt for fastening
two pieces, as of wood, one endwise to the other, having a nut
embedded in one of the pieces.</cd> -- <col><b>Joint chair</b></col>
<i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>the chair that supports the ends of abutting
rails.</cd> -- <col><b>Joint coupling</b></col>, <cd>a universal
joint for coupling shafting. See under <u>Universal</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Joint hinge</b></col>, <cd>a hinge having long leaves; a
strap hinge.</cd> -- <col><b>Joint splice</b></col>, <cd>a
re&euml;nforce at a joint, to sustain the parts in their true
relation.</cd> -- <col><b>Joint stool</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A stool consisting of jointed parts; a folding stool.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A block for supporting the end
of a piece at a joint; a joint chair.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of
joint</b></col>, <cd>out of place; dislocated, as when the head of a
bone slips from its socket; hence, not working well together;
disordered.</cd> "The time is <i>out of joint</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 802 !></p>

<p><hw>Joint</hw> (joint), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., <i>p. p.</i> of
<i>joindre</i>. See <u>Join</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Joined; united; combined; concerted; as,
<i>joint</i> action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Involving the united activity of two or
more; done or produced by two or more working together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I read this <i>joint</i> effusion twice
over.</blockquote> <i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>United, joined, or sharing with another or
with others; not solitary in interest or action; holding in common
with an associate, or with associates; acting together; as,
<i>joint</i> heir; <i>joint</i> creditor; <i>joint</i> debtor,
etc.</def> "<i>Joint</i> tenants of the world."  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Shared by, or affecting two or more; held
in common; as, <i>joint</i> property; a <i>joint</i> bond.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>joint</i> burden laid upon us all.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Joint committee</b></col> <i>(Parliamentary Practice)</i>,
<cd>a committee composed of members of the two houses of a
legislative body, for the appointment of which concurrent resolutions
of the two houses are necessary.</cd> <i>Cushing.</i> --
<col><b>Joint meeting</b></col>, or <col><b>Joint session</b></col>,
<cd>the meeting or session of two distinct bodies as one; as, a
<i>joint meeting</i> of committees representing different
corporations; a <i>joint session</i> of both branches of a State
legislature to chose a United States senator.</cd> "Such <i>joint
meeting</i> shall not be dissolved until the electoral votes are all
counted and the result declared." <i>Joint Rules of Congress, U.
S.</i> -- <col><b>Joint resolution</b></col> <i>(Parliamentary
Practice)</i>, <cd>a resolution adopted concurrently by the two
branches of a legislative body.</cd> "By the constitution of the
United States and the rules of the two houses, no absolute
distinction is made between bills and <i>joint resolutions</i>."
<i>Barclay (Digest).</i> -- <col><b>Joint rule</b></col>
<i>(Parliamentary Practice)</i>, <cd>a rule of proceeding adopted by
the concurrent action of both branches of a legislative
assembly.</cd> "Resolved, by the House of Representatives (the Senate
concurring), that the sixteenth and seventeenth <i>joint rules</i> be
suspended for the remainder of the session." <i>Journal H. of R., U.
S.</i> -- <col><b>Joint and several</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
phrase signifying that the debt, credit, obligation, etc., to which
it is applied is held in such a way that the parties in interest are
engaged both together and individually thus a <i>joint and
several</i> debt is one for which all the debtors may be sued
together or either of them individually.</cd> -- <col><b>Joint
stock</b></col>, <cd>stock held in company.</cd> -- <col><b>Joint-
stock company</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a species of partnership,
consisting generally of a large number of members, having a capital
divided, or agreed to be divided, into shares, the shares owned by
any member being usually transferable without the consent of the
rest.</cd> -- <col><b>Joint tenancy</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
tenure by two or more persons of estate by unity of interest, title,
time, and possession, under which the survivor takes the whole.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Joint tenant</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>one who holds an estate by joint tenancy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Joint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jointed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jointing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite by a joint or joints; to fit
together; to prepare so as to fit together; as, to <i>joint</i>
boards.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pierced through the yielding planks of <i>jointed</i>
wood.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To join; to connect; to unite; to
combine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Jointing</i> their force 'gainst
C&aelig;sar.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To provide with a joint or joints; to
articulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fingers are <i>jointed</i> together for
motion.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To separate the joints; of; to divide at
the joint or joints; to disjoint; to cut up into joints, as
meat.</def> "He <i>joints</i> the neck."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Quartering, <i>jointing</i>, seething, and
roasting.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joint</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fit as if by
joints; to coalesce as joints do; as, the stones <i>joint</i>,
neatly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joint"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having joints;
articulated; full of nodes; knotty; as, a <i>jointed</i> doll;
<i>jointed</i> structure.</def>  "The <i>jointed</i> herbage." <i>J.
Philips.</i> -- <wf>Joint"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Joint"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, joints.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plane for smoothing the surfaces of
pieces which are to be accurately joined</def>; especially:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The longest plane used by a joiner.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Coopering)</i> <def>A long stationary plane,
for planing the edges of barrel staves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
bent piece of iron inserted to strengthen the joints of a wall.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tool for pointing the joints in
brickwork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joint"-fir`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus (<i>Ephedra</i>) of leafless shrubs, with the stems
conspicuously jointed; -- called also <i>shrubby horsetail</i>. There
are about thirty species, of which two or three are found from Texas
to California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joint"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process
of making a joint; also, the joints thus produced.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jointing machine</b></col>, <cd>a planing machine for wood
used in furniture and piano factories, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Jointing
plane</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Jointer</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Jointing
rule</b></col> <i>(Masonry)</i>, <cd>a long straight rule, used by
bricklayers for securing straight joints and faces.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Joint"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a joint;
rigid; stiff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joint"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a joint manner;
together; unitedly; in concert; not separately.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>jointly</i> to the ground their knees they
bow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joint"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
woman who has a jointure.</def> [Written also <i>jointuress</i>.]
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Join"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jointure</i> a
joint, orig., a joining, L. <i>junctura</i>, fr. <i>jungere</i> to
join. See <u>Join</u>, and cf. <u>Juncture</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A joining; a joint.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An estate settled on a wife,
which she is to enjoy after husband's decease, for her own life at
least, in satisfaction of dower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>jointure</i> that your king must make,<BR>
Which with her dowry shall be counterpoised.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Join"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jointured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jointuring</u>.] <def>To settle a jointure upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Join"ture*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
jointure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Join"tur*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jointress</u>.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joint"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A slender, nearly leafless, American herb (<i>Polygonum
articulatum</i>), with jointed spikes of small flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joint"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The larva of a small, hymenopterous fly (<i>Eurytoma
hordei</i>), which is found in gall-like swellings on the stalks of
wheat, usually at or just above the first joint. In some parts of
America it does great damage to the crop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joist</hw> (joist), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>giste</i>,
OF. <i>giste</i>, F. <i>g&icirc;te</i>, fr. <i>gesir</i> to lie, F.
<i>g&eacute;sir</i>. See <u>Gist</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A piece of
timber laid horizontally, or nearly so, to which the planks of the
floor, or the laths or furring strips of a ceiling, are nailed; --
called, according to its position or use, <i>binding joist</i>,
<i>bridging joist</i>, <i>ceiling joist</i>, <i>trimming joist</i>,
etc. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Double-framed floor</i>, under
<u>Double</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Joist</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Joisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Joisting</u>.] <def>To fit or furnish with joists.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joke</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>jocus</i>. Cf
<u>Jeopardy</u>, <u>Jocular</u>, <u>Juggler</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something said for the sake of exciting a
laugh; something witty or sportive (commonly indicating more of
hilarity or humor than <i>jest</i>); a jest; a witticism; as, to
crack good-natured <i>jokes</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And gentle dullness ever loves a
<i>joke</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Or witty <i>joke</i> our airy senses moves<BR>
To pleasant laughter.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something not said seriously, or not
actually meant; something done in sport.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inclose whole downs in walls, 't is all a
<i>joke</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In joke</b></col>, <cd>in jest; sportively; not meant
seriously.</cd> -- <col><b>Practical joke</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Practical</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Joke</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Joked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Joking</u>.] <def>To make merry with; to make jokes upon; to
rally; to banter; as, to <i>joke</i> a comrade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joke</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>jocari</i>.] <def>To
do something for sport, or as a joke; to be merry in words or
actions; to jest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He laughed, shouted, <i>joked</i>, and
swore.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To jest; sport; rally; banter. See <u>Jest</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Jok"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who makes jokes or jests; a humorist; a wag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>See <i>Best
bower</i>, under 2d <u>Bower</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jok"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a joking way;
sportively.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jole</hw>, <hw>Joll</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v. t. &
n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Jowl</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jol*if"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Jolly</u>.]
<def>Joyful; merry; pleasant; jolly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jol`li*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Jolly</i>
+ L. <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-fy</u>.] <def>A
merrymaking; noisy festivity.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We have had a <i>jollification</i> or so
together.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jol"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a jolly
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jol"li*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Jollity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jol"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Jollity; noisy
mirth.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jol"li*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Jolly</u>:
cf. OF. <i>joliet&eacute;</i>, <i>jolivet&eacute;</i>.] <def>Noisy
mirth; gayety; merriment; festivity; boisterous enjoyment.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All now was turned to <i>jollity</i> and
game.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He with a proud <i>jollity</i> commanded him to leave
that quarrel only for him, who was only worthy to enter into
it.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Merriment; mirth; gayety; festivity; hilarity.</p>

<p><hw>Jol"ly</hw> (j&obreve;l"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Jollier</u> (-l&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Jolliest</u>.] [OF. <i>joli</i>,
<i>jolif</i>, joyful, merry, F. <i>joli</i> pretty; of Scand. origin,
akin to E. <i>yule</i>; cf. Icel. <i>j&omacr;l</i> yule, Christmas
feast. See <u>Yule</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of life and mirth; jovial; joyous;
merry; mirthful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a <i>jolly</i> troop of huntsmen.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"A <i>jolly</i> place," said he, "in times of old!<BR>
But something ails it now: the spot is cursed."</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing mirth, or inspiring it;
exciting mirth and gayety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And with his <i>jolly</i> pipe delights the
groves.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>jolly</i> notes they chanted loud and
clear.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of fine appearance; handsome; excellent;
lively; agreeable; pleasant.</def> "A <i>jolly</i> cool wind." <i>Sir
T. North.</i> [Now mostly colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Full <i>jolly</i> knight he seemed, and fair did
sit.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>The</i> coachman is swelled into <i>jolly</i>
dimensions.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jol"ly-boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
Dan. <i>jolle</i> yawl, or of D. <i>jol</i> yawl + E. <i>boat</i>.
See <u>Yawl</u> the boat.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A boat of medium size
belonging to a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jol"ly*head</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Jollity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jolt</hw> (j&omacr;lt), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Jolted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
Jolting.] [Prob. fr. <i>jole</i>, <i>joll</i>, <i>jowl</i>, and
originally meaning, to knock on the head. See <u>Jowl</u>.] <def>To
shake with short, abrupt risings and fallings, as a carriage moving
on rough ground; as, the coach <i>jolts</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jolt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to shake with
a sudden up and down motion, as in a carriage going over rough
ground, or on a high-trotting horse; as, the horse <i>jolts</i> the
rider; fast driving <i>jolts</i> the carriage and the
passengers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jolt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sudden shock or jerk; a
jolting motion, as in a carriage moving over rough ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first <i>jolt</i> had like to have shaken me
out.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jolt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, jolts.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jolt"er*head`</hw>, <hw>Jolt"head`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Jolt</u>, <u>Jowl</u>.] <def>A dunce; a
blockhead.</def>  <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jolt"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a jolting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jolt"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That jolts; as, a
<i>jolty</i> coach.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Jo"nah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Hebrew prophet,
who was cast overboard as one who endangered the ship; hence, any
person whose presence is unpropitious.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jonah crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large crab
(<i>Cancer borealis</i>) of the eastern coast of the United States,
sometimes found between tides, but usually in deep water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jo*ne"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Jones.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Jonesian system</b></col>, <cd>a system of
transliterating Oriental words by English letters, invented by Sir
William Jones.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jon"gleur</hw> (?), <hw>Jon"gler</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jongleur</i>. See <u>Juggler</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the Middle Ages, a court attendant or
other person who, for hire, recited or sang verses, usually of his
own composition. See <u>Troubadour</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vivacity and picturesquenees of the <i>jongleur's</i>
verse.</blockquote> <i>J R. Green.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A juggler; a conjuror. See
<u>Juggler</u>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jon"quil</hw>, <hw>Jon"quille</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>jonquille</i>, fr. L. <i>juncus</i> a rush, because it has
rushlike leaves.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A bulbous plant of the genus
Narcissus (<i>N. Jonquilla</i>), allied to the daffodil. It has long,
rushlike leaves, and yellow or white fragrant flowers. The root has
emetic properties. It is sometimes called the <i>rush-leaved
daffodil</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Corona</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jo"ram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jorum</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jor"dan</hw> (?), <hw>Jor"den</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. the river <i>Jordan</i>, and
shortened fr. <i>Jordan bottle</i> a bottle of water from the Jordan,
brought back by pilgrims.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pot or vessel with a large neck,
formerly used by physicians and alchemists.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A chamber pot.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.
Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo"rum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. corrupted fr.
<i>jorden</i> an earthen pot.] <def>A large drinking vessel; also,
its contents.</def> [Colloq. Eng.]  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo"seph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An outer garment
worn in the 18th century; esp., a woman's riding habit, buttoned down
the front.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo"seph's flow"er</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A composite
herb (<i>Tragopogon pratensis</i>), of the same genus as the
salsify.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jo"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small gudgeon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chinese, corrupt. fr. Pg.
<i>deos</i> God, L. <i>deus</i>.] <def>A Chinese household divinity;
a Chinese idol.</def> "Critic in jars and <i>josses</i>."  <i>Colman
(1761).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Joss house</b></col>, <cd>a Chinese temple or house for
the Chinese mode of worship.</cd> -- <col><b>Joss stick</b></col>,
<cd>a reed covered with a paste made of the dust of odoriferous
woods, or a cylinder made wholly of the paste; -- burned by the
Chinese before an idol.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jos"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>A command to a
horse, probably meaning "stand still."</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jos"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jostled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jostling</u> (?).] [A dim. of <i>joust</i>, <i>just</i>, v. See
<u>Joust</u>, and cf. <u>Justle</u>.] [Written also <i>justle</i>.]
<def>To run against and shake; to push out of the way; to elbow; to
hustle; to disturb by crowding; to crowd against.</def> "Bullies
<i>jostled</i> him."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Systems of movement, physical, intellectual, and
moral, which are perpetually <i>jostling</i> each other.</blockquote>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jos"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To push; to crowd;
to hustle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>None <i>jostle</i> with him for the wall.</blockquote>
<i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jos"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A conflict by
collisions; a crowding or bumping together; interference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>jostle</i> of South African nationalities and
civilization.</blockquote> <i>The Nation.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jos"tle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Crowding;
hustling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>iota</i>, Gr. &?;
the name of the letter (E. <i>i</i>, Heb. <i>y&?;d</i>), the smallest
letter of the Greek alphabet.  Cf. <u>Iota</u>.] <def>An iota; a
point; a tittle; the smallest particle.  Cf. <u>Bit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till heaven and earth pass, one <i>jot</i> or one
tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be
fulfilled.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither will they bate<BR>
One <i>jot</i> of ceremony.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jotting</u>.] <def>To set down; to make a brief note of; --
usually followed by <i>down</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jot"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who jots down memoranda.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A memorandum book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jougs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>joug</i> a yoke,
L. <i>jugum</i>. See <u>Yoke</u>.] <def>An iron collar fastened to a
wall or post, formerly used in Scotland as a kind of pillory.
[Written also <i>juggs</i>.] See <u>Juke</u>.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jou"is*sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>jouir</i> to enjoy, fr. L. <i>gaudere</i> to rejoice.]
<def>Jollity; merriment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jouk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Juke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joul</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jowl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joule</hw> (j&oomac;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the
distinguished English physicist, James P. <i>Joule</i>.]
<i>(Physics.)</i> <def>A unit of work which is equal to
10<sup>7</sup> units of work in the C. G. S. system of units (ergs),
and is practically equivalent to the energy expended in one second by
an electric current of one ampere in a resistance of one ohm. One
<i>joule</i> is approximately equal to 0.738 foot pounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Joule's equivalent</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Equivalent</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Jounce</hw> (jouns), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Jounced</u> (jounst); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Jouncing</u> (joun"s&ibreve;ng).] [Cf.
<u>Jaunce</u>.] <def>To jolt; to shake, especially by rough riding or
by driving over obstructions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jounce</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A jolt; a shake; a hard
trot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jour"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>diurnalis</i> diurnal, fr. <i>diurnus</i> belonging to the day,
fr. <i>dies</i> day. See <u>Diurnal</u>.] <def>Daily; diurnal.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whiles from their <i>journal</i> labors they did
rest.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jour"nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>journal</i>. See
<u>Journal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A diary; an account of daily transactions
and events.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Bookkeeping)</i> <def>A book of accounts, in which is entered a
condensed and grouped statement of the daily transactions.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A daily register of the
ship's course and distance, the winds, weather, incidents of the
voyage, etc.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Legislature)</i> <def>The
record of daily proceedings, kept by the clerk.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A newspaper published daily; by extension, a
weekly newspaper or any periodical publication, giving an account of
passing events, the proceedings and memoirs of societies, etc.; a
periodical; a magazine.</def></p>

<p><! p. 803 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which has occurred in a day; a day's
work or travel; a day's journey.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>That portion of a rotating
piece, as a shaft, axle, spindle, etc., which turns in a bearing or
box. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Axle box</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Journal box</b></col>, or <col><b>Journal
bearing</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>the carrier of a journal; the
box in which the journal of a shaft, axle, or pin turns.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jour"nal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>journalisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The keeping of a journal or diary.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The periodical collection and publication
of current news; the business of managing, editing, or writing for,
journals or newspapers; as, political <i>journalism</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Journalism</i> is now truly an estate of the
realm.</blockquote> <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jour"nal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>journaliste</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps a journal or diary.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Mickle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The conductor of a public journal, or one
whose business it to write for a public journal; an editorial or
other professional writer for a periodical.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jour"nal*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to journals or to journalists; contained in, or characteristic of,
the public journals; as, <i>journalistic</i> literature or
enterprise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jour"nal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Journalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Journalizing</u> (?).] <def>To enter or record in a
journal or diary.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jour"nal*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>to conduct or
contribute to a public journal; to follow the profession of a
journalist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jour"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Journeys</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>jornee</i>, <i>journee</i>,
prop., a day's journey, OF. <i>jorn&eacute;e</i>,
<i>jurn&eacute;e</i>, a day, a day's work of journey, F.
<i>journ&eacute;e</i>, fr. OF. <i>jorn</i>, <i>jurn</i>, <i>jor</i> a
day, F. <i>jour</i>, fr. L. <i>diurnus</i>. See <u>Journal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The travel or work of a day.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have yet large day, for scarce the sun<BR>
Hath finished half his <i>journey</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Travel or passage from one place to
another; hence, figuratively, a passage through life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The good man . . . is gone a long
<i>journey</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. vii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>We</i> must all have the same <i>journey's</i>
end.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tour; excursion; trip; expedition; pilgrimage.  --
<u>Journey</u>, <u>Tour</u>, <u>Excursion</u>, <u>Pilgrimage</u>. The
word <i>journey</i> suggests the idea of a somewhat prolonged
traveling for a specific object, leading a person to pass directly
from one point to another. In a <i>tour</i>, we take a roundabout
course from place to place, more commonly for pleasure, though
sometimes on business. An <i>excursion</i> is usually a brief tour or
trip for pleasure, health, etc. In a <i>pilgrimage</i> we travel to a
place hallowed by our religions affections, or by some train of
sacred or tender associations. A <i>journey</i> on important
business; the <i>tour</i> of Europe; an <i>excursion</i> to the
lakes; a <i>pilgrimage</i> to the Holy Land.</p>

<p><hw>Jour"ney</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Journeyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Journeying</u>.] <def>To travel from place to place; to go from
home to a distance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abram <i>journeyed</i>, going on still toward the
south.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xii. 9. </i></p>

<p><hw>Jour"ney</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To traverse; to
travel over or through.</def> [R.] "I <i>journeyed</i> many a land."
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jour"ney-bat`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worn out
with journeying.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jour"ney*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
journeys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jour"ney*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Journeymen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Formerly, a man hired to
work by the day; now, commonly, one who has mastered a handicraft or
trade; -- distinguished from <i>apprentice</i> and from <i>master
workman</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have thought some of nature's <i>journeymen</i> had
made men, and not made them well.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jour"ney*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Originally,
work done by the day; work done by a journeyman at his
trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joust</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>justen</i>,
<i>jousten</i>, OF. <i>jouster</i>, <i>jouster</i>, <i>joster</i>, F.
<i>jouter</i>, fr. L. <i>juxta</i> near to, nigh, from the root of
<i>jungere</i> to join. See <u>Join</u>, and cf. <u>Jostle</u>.]
<def>To engage in mock combat on horseback, as two knights in the
lists; to tilt.</def> [Written also <i>just</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For the whole army to <i>joust</i> and
tourney.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joust</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>juste</i>,
<i>jouste</i>, OF. <i>juste</i>, <i>jouste</i>, <i>joste</i>, F.
<i>joute</i>. See <u>Joust</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A
tilting match; a mock combat on horseback between two knights in the
lists or inclosed field.</def> [Written also <i>just</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Gorgeous knights at <i>joust</i> and
tournament.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joust"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who jousts or
tilts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jove</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Jupiter</i>, gen.
<i>Jovis</i>, OL. <i>Jovis</i>, nom. &amp; gen. for <i>Djovis</i>; akin
to E. <i>Tuesday</i>. See <u>Tuesday</u>, and cf.
<u>Jupiter</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The chief divinity of the ancient Romans;
Jupiter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The planet Jupiter.</def>
[R.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Alchemy)</i> <def>The metal tin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bird of Jove</b></col>, <cd>the eagle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jo"vi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>Jovialis</i> pertaining to Jove. The planet Jupiter was thought to
make those born under it joyful or jovial. See <u>Jove</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the god, or the
planet, Jupiter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>jovial</i> star reigned at his
birth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fixed stars astrologically differenced by the
planets, and esteemed Martial or <i>Jovial</i> according to the
colors whereby they answer these planets.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sunny; serene.</def> [Obs.] "The heavens
always <i>joviall</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gay; merry; joyous; jolly; mirth-
inspiring; hilarious; characterized by mirth or jollity; as, a
<i>jovial</i> youth; a <i>jovial</i> company; a <i>jovial</i>
poem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be bright and <i>jovial</i> among your
guests.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His odes are some of them panegyrical, others moral;
the rest are <i>jovial</i> or bacchanalian.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word is a relic of the belief in planetary influence.
Other examples are <i>saturnine</i>, <i>mercurial</i>,
<i>martial</i>, <i>lunatic</i>, etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Merry; joyous; gay; festive; mirthful; gleeful;
jolly; hilarious.</p>

<p><hw>Jo"vi*al*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lives
a jovial life.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo`vi*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>jovialit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
jovial.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo"vi*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a jovial
manner; merrily; gayly.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo"vi*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Noisy mirth;
joviality.</def>  <i>Hewyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo"vi*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Joviality.</def> [R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Jove, or Jupiter (either the deity or the planet).</def></p>

<p><hw>Jo`vi*cen"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Jove</u>, and <u>Center</u>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Revolving
around the planet Jupiter; appearing as viewed from Jupiter.</def>
[R.]  <i>J. R. Hind.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jo*vin"ian*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Script.
Hist.)</i> <def>An adherent to the doctrines of Jovinian, a monk of
the fourth century, who denied the virginity of Mary, and opposed the
asceticism of his time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jowl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For older <i>chole</i>,
<i>chaul</i>, AS. <i>ceaft</i> jaw.  Cf. <u>Chaps</u>.] <def>The
cheek; the jaw.</def> [Written also <i>jole</i>, <i>choule</i>,
<i>chowle</i>, and <i>geoule</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Cheek by jowl</b></col>, <cd>with the cheeks close
together; side by side; in close proximity.</cd> "I will go with thee
<i>cheek by jole</i>." <i>Shak.</i>  " Sits <i>cheek by jowl</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jowl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw, dash, or
knock.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How the knave <i>jowls</i> it to the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jowl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A dog with large jowls, as the beagle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jow"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mounted peddler
of fish; -- called also <i>jouster</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>joye</i>, OF.
<i>joye</i>, <i>joie</i>, <i>goie</i>, F. <i>joie</i>, L.
<i>gaudia</i>, pl. of <i>gaudium</i> joy, fr. <i>gaudere</i> to
rejoice, to be glad; cf. Gr. &?; to rejoice, &?; proud.  Cf.
<u>Gaud</u>, <u>Jewel</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The passion or emotion excited by the
acquisition or expectation of good; pleasurable feelings or emotions
caused by success, good fortune, and the like, or by a rational
prospect of possessing what we love or desire; gladness; exhilaration
of spirits; delight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her heavenly form beheld, all wished her
<i>joy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Glides the smooth current of domestic
<i>joy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who, for the <i>joy</i> that was set before him,
endured the cross, despising the shame.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xii. 2.
</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tears of true <i>joy</i> for his return.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Joy</i> is a delight of the mind, from the
consideration of the present or assured approaching possession of a
good.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which causes joy or
happiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For ye are our glory and <i>joy</i>.</blockquote> <i>1
Thess. ii. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> A thing of beauty is a <i>joy</i>
forever.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The sign or exhibition of joy; gayety;
mirth; merriment; festivity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>joy</i> made Una, when her knight she
found.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The roofs with <i>joy</i> resound.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Joy</i> is used in composition, esp. with participles,
to from many self-explaining compounds; as, <i>joy</i>-bells,
<i>joy</i>-bringing, <i>joy</i>-inspiring, <i>joy</i>-resounding,
etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gladness; pleasure; delight; happiness; exultation;
transport; felicity; ecstasy; rapture; bliss; gayety; mirth;
merriment; festivity; hilarity.</p>

<p><hw>Joy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Joyed</u> (joid); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Joying</u>.] [OF. <i>joir</i>, F. <i>jouir</i>. See <u>Joy</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To rejoice; to be glad; to delight; to
exult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>joy</i> in the God of my
salvation.</blockquote> <i>Hab. iii. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In whose sight all things <i>joy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
give joy to; to congratulate.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Joy</i> us of our
conquest."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>joy</i> the friend, or grapple with the
foe.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gladden; to make joyful; to
exhilarate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Neither pleasure's art can <i>joy</i> my
spirits.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To enjoy.</def> [Obs.] See
<u>Enjoy</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Who might have lived and <i>joyed</i> immortal
bliss.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joy"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>joiance</i>.]
<def>Enjoyment; gayety; festivity; joyfulness.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some days of <i>joyance</i> are decreed to
all.</blockquote>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From what hid fountains doth thy <i>joyance</i>
flow?</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joy"an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Joyance.</def>
[R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joy"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of joy;
having or causing joy; very glad; as, a <i>joyful</i> heart.</def>
"<i>Joyful</i> tidings."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul shall be <i>joyful</i> in my God.</blockquote>
<i>Is. lxi. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sad for their loss, but <i>joyful</i> of our
life.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Joy"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Joy"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Joy"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having joy; not
causing joy; unenjoyable.</def> -- <wf>Joy"less*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Joy"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>With downcast eyes the <i>joyless</i> victor
sat.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Youth and health and war are <i>joyless</i> to
him.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] pining for the lass,<BR>
Is <i>joyless</i> of the grove, and spurns the growing
grass.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joy"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>joyous</i>,
<i>joious</i>, <i>joios</i>, F. <i>joyeux</i>.See <u>Joy</u>.]
<def>Glad; gay; merry; joyful; also, affording or inspiring joy; with
<i>of</i> before the word or words expressing the cause of
joy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is this your <i>joyous</i> city?</blockquote> <i>Is.
xxiii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They all as glad as birds of <i>joyous</i>
prime.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>joyous</i> of our conquest early
won.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Merry; lively; blithe; gleeful; gay; glad;
mirthful; sportive; festive; joyful; happy; blissful; charming;
delightful.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Joy"ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Joy"ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Joy"some</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
joyfulness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This all <i>joysome</i> grove.</blockquote> <i>T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. corrupted fr.
<i>jug</i>.] <def>A vessel for holding ale or wine; a jug.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ju"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jub&aelig;</b></plw> (-b&emacr;). [L., a mane.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The mane of an
animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A loose panicle, the axis of
which falls to pieces, as in certain grasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>jubatus</i>
having a mane.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Fringed with long, pendent
hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ju`b&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <i>(a)</i> <def>A chancel screen or rood screen.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The gallery above such a screen, from which
certain parts of the service were formerly read.</def> See <i>Rood
loft</i>, under <u>Rood</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ju"bi*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>jubilans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>jubilare</i> to shout for joy: cf. F.
<i>jubilant</i>. See <u>Jubilate</u>.] <def>Uttering songs of
triumph; shouting with joy; triumphant; exulting.</def> "The
<i>jubilant</i> age."  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While the bright pomp ascended
<i>jubilant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"bi*lant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a jubilant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"bi*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>jubilaire</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or having the character of, a
jubilee.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju`bi*la"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., imperat. of
<i>jubilare</i> to shout for joy.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The third Sunday after Easter; -- so
called because the introit is the 66th Psalm, which, in the Latin
version, begins with the words, "Jubilate Deo."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A name of the 100th Psalm; -- so called
from its opening word in the Latin version.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"bi*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>jubilatus</i>, <i>p. p.</i> of <i>jubilare</i>.] <def>To exult; to
rejoice.</def> [R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju`bi*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>jubilatio</i>: cf. F. <i>jubilation</i>.] <def>A triumphant
shouting; rejoicing; exultation.</def> "<i>Jubilations</i> and
hallelujahs."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"bi*lee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>jubil&eacute;</i>, L. <i>jubilaeus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. Heb.
<i>y&?;bel</i> the blast of a trumpet, also the grand sabbatical
year, which was announced by sound of trumpet.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Hist.)</i> <def>Every fiftieth year,
being the year following the completion of each seventh sabbath of
years, at which time all the slaves of Hebrew blood were liberated,
and all lands which had been alienated during the whole period
reverted to their former owners.</def> [In this sense spelled also,
in some English Bibles, <i>jubile</i>.]  <i>Lev. xxv. 8-17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The joyful commemoration held on the
fiftieth anniversary of any event; as, the <i>jubilee</i> of Queen
Victoria's reign; the <i>jubilee</i> of the American Board of
Missions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A church solemnity or
ceremony celebrated at Rome, at stated intervals, originally of one
hundred years, but latterly of twenty-five; a plenary and
extraordinary indulgence granted by the sovereign pontiff to the
universal church. One invariable condition of granting this
indulgence is the confession of sins and receiving of the
eucharist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A season of general joy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The town was all a <i>jubilee</i> of
feasts.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A state of joy or exultation.</def> [R.]
"In the <i>jubilee</i> of his spirits."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju*cun"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>jucunditas</i>, from <i>jucundus</i>.] <def>Pleasantness;
agreeableness. See <u>Jocundity</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"dah*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
tribe of Judah; a member of the kingdom of Judah; a Jew.</def>
<i>Kitto.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ju*da"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ju*da"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Juda&iuml;cus</i>, fr. <i>Judaea</i>, the
country Judea: cf. F. <i>Juda&iuml;que</i>. See <u>Jew</u>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to the Jews.</def> "The natural or <i>Judaical</i>
[religion]."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju*da"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>After the
Jewish manner.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"da*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Juda&iuml;smus</i>: cf. F. <i>juda&iuml;sme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The religious doctrines and rites of the
Jews as enjoined in the laws of Moses.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conformity to the Jewish rites and
ceremonies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"da*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who believes and
practices Judaism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju`da*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Judaism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju`da*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
Judaizing; a conforming to the Jewish religion or ritual.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ju"da*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Judaized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Judaizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>juda&iuml;ser</i>.] <def>To conform
to the doctrines, observances, or methods of the Jews; to inculcate
or impose Judaism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . prevailed on the Galatians to
<i>Judaize</i> so far as to observe the rites of Moses in various
instances.<BR>
They were <i>Judaizing</i> doctors, who taught the observation of the
Mosaic law.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Bull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"da*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To impose Jewish
observances or rites upon; to convert to Judaism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heretical Theodotion, the <i>Judaized</i>
Symmachus.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"da*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
conforms to or inculcates Judaism; specifically, <i>pl.</i> <i>(Ch.
Hist.)</i>, those Jews who accepted Christianity but still adhered to
the law of Moses and worshiped in the temple at Jerusalem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"das</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The disciple who
betrayed Christ. Hence: A treacherous person; one who betrays under
the semblance of friendship.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Treacherous; betraying.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Judas hole</b></col>, <cd>a peephole or secret opening for
spying.</cd> -- <col><b>Judas kiss</b></col>, <cd>a deceitful and
treacherous kiss.</cd> -- <col><b>Judas tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a leguminous tree of the genus <i>Cercis</i>, with pretty, rose-
colored flowers in clusters along the branches. Judas is said to have
hanged himself on a tree of this genus (<i>C. Siliquastrum</i>).
<i>C. Canadensis</i> and <i>C. occidentalis</i> are the American
species, and are called also <i>redbud</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ju"das-col`ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Red; --
from a tradition that Judas Iscariot had red hair and
beard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There's treachery in that <i>Judas-colored</i>
beard.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jud"dock</hw> (j&ubreve;d"d&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[For <i>judcock</i>; <i>jud</i> (equiv. to Prov. E. <i>gid</i> a
jacksnipe, W. <i>giach</i> snipe) + <i>cock</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Jacksnipe</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 804 !></p>

<p><hw>Ju*de"an</hw> (j&usl;*d&emacr;"<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Judaeus</i>. See <u>Jew</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Judea.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of
Judea; a Jew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Judge</hw> (j&ubreve;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>juge</i>, OF. &amp; F. <i>juge</i>, fr. OF. <i>jugier</i>, F.
<i>juger</i>, to judge. See <u>Judge</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A public officer who is
invested with authority to hear and determine litigated causes, and
to administer justice between parties in courts held for that
purpose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The parts of a <i>judge</i> in hearing are four: to
direct the evidence; to moderate length, repetition, or impertinency
of speech; to recapitulate, select, and collate the material points
of that which hath been said; and to give the rule or
sentence.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has skill, knowledge, or
experience, sufficient to decide on the merits of a question, or on
the quality or value of anything; one who discerns properties or
relations with skill and readiness; a connoisseur; an expert; a
critic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man who is no <i>judge</i> of law may be a good
<i>judge</i> of poetry, or eloquence, or of the merits of a
painting.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person appointed to decide in a trial of
skill, speed, etc., between two or more parties; an umpire; as, a
<i>judge</i> in a horse race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Hist.)</i> <def>One of the supreme
magistrates, with both civil and military powers, who governed Israel
for more than four hundred years.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The title of the seventh book
of the Old Testament; the Book of Judges.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Judge Advocate</b></col> <i>(Mil. &amp; Nav.)</i>, <cd>a
person appointed to act as prosecutor at a court-martial; he acts as
the representative of the government, as the responsible adviser of
the court, and also, to a certain extent, as counsel for the accused,
when he has no other counsel.</cd> -- <col><b>Judge-Advocate
General</b></col>, <cd>in the United States, the title of two
officers, one attached to the War Department and having the rank of
brigadier general, the other attached to the Navy Department and
having the rank of colonel of marines or captain in the navy. The
first is chief of the Bureau of Military Justice of the army, the
other performs a similar duty for the navy. In England, the
designation of a member of the ministry who is the legal adviser of
the secretary of state for war, and supreme judge of the proceedings
of courts-martial.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Judge</u>, <u>Umpire</u>, <u>Arbitrator</u>,
<u>Referee</u>.  A <i>judge</i>, in the legal sense, is a magistrate
appointed to determine questions of law. An <i>umpire</i> is a person
selected to decide between two or more who contend for a prize. An
<i>arbitrator</i> is one chosen to allot to two contestants their
portion of a claim, usually on grounds of equity and common sense. A
<i>referee</i> is one to whom a case is referred for final
adjustment. <i>Arbitrations</i> and <i>references</i> are sometimes
voluntary, sometimes appointed by a court.</p>

<p><hw>Judge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Judged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Judging</u>.] [OE. <i>jugen</i>, OF. <i>jugier</i>, F.
<i>juger</i>, L. <i>judicare</i>, fr. <i>judex</i> judge; <i>jus</i>
law or right + <i>dicare</i> to proclaim, pronounce, akin to
<i>dicere</i> to say. See <u>Just</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
<u>Diction</u>, and cf. <u>Judicial</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hear and determine, as in causes on
trial; to decide as a judge; to give judgment; to pass
sentence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord <i>judge</i> between thee and
me.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xvi. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Father, who art judge<BR>
Of all things made, and <i>judgest</i> only right!</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assume the right to pass judgment on
another; to sit in judgment or commendation; to criticise or pass
adverse judgment upon others. See <u>Judge</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forbear to <i>judge</i>, for we are sinners
all.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To compare facts or ideas, and perceive
their relations and attributes, and thus distinguish truth from
falsehood; to determine; to discern; to distinguish; to form an
opinion about.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Judge</i> not according to the
appearance.</blockquote> <i>John vii. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She is wise if I can <i>judge</i> of her.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Judge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
hear and determine by authority, as a case before a court, or a
controversy between two parties.</def> "Chaos [shall] <i>judge</i>
the strife."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To examine and pass sentence on; to try;
to doom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God shall <i>judge</i> the righteous and the
wicked.</blockquote> <i>Eccl. iii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To bring my whole cause 'fore his holiness,<BR>
And to be <i>judged</i> by him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To arrogate judicial authority over; to
sit in judgment upon; to be censorious toward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Judge</i> not, that ye be not
<i>judged</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To determine upon or deliberation; to
esteem; to think; to reckon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If ye have <i>judged</i> me to be faithful to the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvi. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To exercise the functions of a magistrate
over; to govern.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Make us a king to <i>judge</i> us.</blockquote> <i>1
Sam. viii. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Judg"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
judges.</def>  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Judge"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
judge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Judg"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>jugement</i>,
F. <i>jugement</i>, LL. <i>judicamentum</i>, fr. L. <i>judicare</i>.
See <u>Judge</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of judging; the operation of the
mind, involving comparison and discrimination, by which a knowledge
of the values and relations of thins, whether of moral qualities,
intellectual concepts, logical propositions, or material facts, is
obtained; as, by careful <i>judgment</i> he avoided the peril; by a
series of wrong <i>judgments</i> he forfeited confidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I oughte deme, of skilful <i>jugement</i>,<BR>
That in the salte sea my wife is deed.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power or faculty of performing such
operations (see 1); esp., when unqualified, the faculty of judging or
deciding rightly, justly, or wisely; good sense; as, a man of
<i>judgment</i>; a politician without <i>judgment</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall judge thy people with righteousness and thy
poor with <i>judgment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Hernia</i>. I would my father look'd but with my
eyes.<BR>
<i>Theseus</i>. Rather your eyes must with his <i>judgment</i>
look.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The conclusion or result of judging; an
opinion; a decision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She in my <i>judgment</i> was as fair as
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who first his <i>judgment</i> asked, and then a
place.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of determining, as in courts of
law, what is conformable to law and justice; also, the determination,
decision, or sentence of a court, or of a judge; the mandate or
sentence of God as the judge of all.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>judgments</i> between rich and poor, consider
not what the poor man needs, but what is his own.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Most heartily I do beseech the court<BR>
To give the <i>judgment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That
act of the mind by which two notions or ideas which are apprehended
as distinct are compared for the purpose of ascertaining their
agreement or disagreement. See 1. The comparison may be threefold:
(1) Of individual objects forming a concept. (2) Of concepts giving
what is technically called a judgment. (3) Of two judgments giving an
inference. Judgments have been further classed as analytic,
synthetic, and identical.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That power
or faculty by which knowledge dependent upon comparison and
discrimination is acquired. See 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>judgment</i> is the mental act by which one thing
is affirmed or denied of another.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The power by which we are enabled to perceive what is
true or false, probable or improbable, is called by logicians the
faculty of <i>judgment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A calamity regarded as sent by God, by way
of recompense for wrong committed; a providential punishment.</def>
"<i>Judgments</i> are prepared for scorners." <i>Prov. xix. 29.</i>
"This <i>judgment</i> of the heavens that makes us tremble."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The final award; the last
sentence.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Judgment</i>, <i>abridgment</i>, <i>acknowledgment</i>,
and <i>lodgment</i> are in England sometimes written,
<i>judgement</i>, <i>abridgement</i>, <i>acknowledgement</i>, and
<i>lodgement</i>.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Judgment</i> is used adjectively in many self-explaining
combinations; as, <i>judgment</i> hour; <i>judgment</i> throne.</p>

<p><col><b>Judgment day</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>the last day,
or period when final judgment will be pronounced on the subjects of
God's moral government.</cd> -- <col><b>Judgment debt</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a debt secured to the creditor by a judge's
order.</cd> -- <col><b>Judgment hall</b></col>, <cd>a hall where
courts are held.</cd> -- <col><b>Judgment seat</b></col>, <cd>the
seat or bench on which judges sit in court; hence, a court; a
tribunal.</cd> "We shall all stand before the <i>judgment seat</i> of
Christ." <i>Rom. xiv. 10.</i> -- <col><b>Judgment summons</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a proceeding by a judgment creditor against a
judgment debtor upon an unsatisfied judgment.</cd></p>

<p>   <col><b>Arrest of judgment</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Arrest</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Judgment of
God</b></col>, <cd>a term formerly applied to extraordinary trials of
secret crimes, as by arms and single combat, by ordeal, etc.; it
being imagined that God would work miracles to vindicate innocence.
See under <u>Ordeal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Discernment; decision; determination; award;
estimate; criticism; taste; discrimination; penetration; sagacity;
intelligence; understanding. See <u>Taste</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ju"di*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>judicabilis</i>. See <u>Judge</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>Capable of being judged; capable of being tried or decided
upon.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"di*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power
to judge; judicial; as, the <i>judicative</i> faculty.</def>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"di*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>judicatorius</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the administration of
justice; dispensing justice; judicial; as, <i>judicatory</i>
tribunals.</def>  <i>T. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Power to reject in an authoritative or
<i>judicatory</i> way.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"di*ca*to*ry</hw> (277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>judicatorium</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A court of justice; a tribunal.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Administration of justice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The supreme court of <i>judicatory</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"di*ca*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>judicatura</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or profession of those employed
in the administration of justice; also, the dispensing or
administration of justice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The honor of the judges in their <i>judicature</i> is
the king's honor.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A court of justice; a judicatory.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The right of judicial action;
jurisdiction; extent jurisdiction of a judge or court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our Savior disputes not here the <i>judicature</i>,
for that was not his office, but the morality, of
divorce.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju*di"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>judicialis</i>, fr. <i>judicium</i> judgment, fr. <i>judex</i>
judge: cf. OF. <i>judicial</i>. See <u>Judge</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining or appropriate to courts of
justice, or to a judge; practiced or conformed to in the
administration of justice; sanctioned or ordered by a court; as,
<i>judicial</i> power; <i>judicial</i> proceedings; a <i>judicial</i>
sale.</def> "<i>Judicial</i> massacres."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not a moral but a <i>judicial</i> law, and so was
abrogated.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fitted or apt for judging or deciding; as,
a <i>judicial</i> mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the judiciary, as
distinguished from <i>legislative</i>, <i>administrative</i>, or
<i>executive</i>. See <u>Executive</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Judicious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju*di"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a judicial
capacity or judicial manner.</def> "The Lords . . . sitting
<i>judicially</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju*di"cia*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>judiciarius</i>, fr. <i>judicium</i> judgment: cf. F.
<i>judiciare</i>. See <u>Judicial</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
courts of judicature, or legal tribunals; judicial; as, a
<i>judiciary</i> proceeding.</def>  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju*di"cia*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>judiciaria</i>, F. <i>judiciaire</i>.] <def>That branch of
government in which judicial power is vested; the system of courts of
justice in a country; the judges, taken collectively; as, an
independent <i>judiciary</i>; the senate committee on the
<i>judiciary</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju*di"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>judicieux</i>, fr. L. <i>judicium</i> judgment. See
<u>Judicial</u>.] <def>Of or relating to a court; judicial.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His last offenses to us<BR>
Shall have <i>judicious</i> hearing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Directed or governed by sound judgment;
having sound judgment; wise; prudent; sagacious; discreet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is noble, wise, <i>judicious</i>, and best
knows<BR>
The fits o' the season.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prudent; discreet; rational; wise; skillful;
discerning; sagacious; well-advised.</p>

<p><hw>Ju*di"cious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
judicious manner; with good judgment; wisely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju*di"cious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being judicious; sagacity; sound judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jug</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. <i>Jug</i>, a
corruption of, or nickname for, <i>Joanna</i>; cf. 2d <i>Jack</i>,
and <i>Jill</i>. See <u>Johannes</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vessel, usually of coarse earthenware,
with a swelling belly and narrow mouth, and having a handle on one
side.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pitcher; a ewer.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A prison; a jail; a lockup.</def> [Slang]
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jug</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jugging</u> (?).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To seethe or stew, as in a jug or jar
placed in boiling water; as, to <i>jug</i> a hare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To commit to jail; to imprison.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Jug</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter a sound resembling this word, as
certain birds do, especially the nightingale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To nestle or collect together in a covey;
-- said of quails and partridges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>jugalis</i>, fr.
<i>jugum</i> yoke.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to a yoke, or to marriage.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or in the
region of, the malar, or cheek bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ju*ga"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Neut. pl. of L.
<i>jugatus</i>, <i>p. p.</i> of <i>jugare</i> to join.]
<i>(Numis.)</i> <def>The figures of two heads on a medal or coin,
either side by side or joined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ga*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Coupled together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Juge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A judge.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jug"e*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Judgment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>jugerum</i>.]
<def>A Roman measure of land, measuring 28,800 square feet, or 240
feet in length by 120 in breadth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jug"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An East Indian falcon. See <u>Lugger</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jug"ger*naut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>jagann&amacr;tha</i> lord of the world.] <def>One of the names
under which Vishnu, in his incarnation as Krishna, is worshiped by
the Hindoos.</def> [Written also <i>Juggernnath</i>, <i>Jaganath</i>,
<i>Jaganatha</i>, etc.]</p>

<p>&fist; The principal seat of the worship of Juggernaut is at
P&ucirc;ri in Orissa. At certain times the idol is drawn from the
temple by the multitude, on a high car with sixteen wheels. Formerly,
fanatics sometimes threw themselves under the wheels to be crushed as
a sacrifice to the god.</p>

<p><hw>Jug"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Juggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Juggling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>juglen</i>; cf. OF. <i>jogler</i>,
<i>jugler</i>, F. <i>jongler</i>. See <u>Juggler</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play tricks by sleight of hand; to
cause amusement and sport by tricks of skill; to conjure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To practice artifice or
imposture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be these <i>juggling</i> fiends no more
believed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jug"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deceive by trick
or artifice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is't possible the spells of France should
<i>juggle</i><BR>
Men into such strange mysteries?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jug"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
trick by sleight of hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An imposture; a deception.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>juggle</i> of state to cozen the
people.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A block of timber cut to a length, either
in the round or split.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jug"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>jogelour</i>,
<i>juglur</i>, OF. <i>jogleor</i>, <i>jugleor</i>, <i>jongleor</i>,
F. <i>jongleur</i>, fr. L. <i>joculator</i> a jester, joker, fr.
<i>joculus</i> a little jest or joke, dim. of <i>jocus</i> jest,
joke. See <u>Joke</u>, and cf. <u>Jongleur</u>,
<u>Joculator</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who practices or exhibits tricks by
sleight of hand; one skilled in legerdemain; a conjurer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As nimble <i>jugglers</i> that deceive the
eye.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Jugglers</i> and impostors do daily delude
them.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A deceiver; a cheat.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jug"gler*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A female juggler.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jug"gler*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; OF.
<i>joglerie</i>, F. <i>jonglerie</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or act of a juggler; sleight of
hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Trickery; imposture; as, political
<i>jugglery</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jug"gling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cheating;
tricky.</def> -- <wf>Jug"gling*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Jug"gling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Jugglery; underhand
practice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Juggs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Jougs</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Jug"lan*din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>juglans</i>,
<i>-andis</i>, a walnut: cf. F. <i>juglandine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An extractive matter contained in the juice of the green shucks
of the walnut (<i>Juglans regia</i>). It is used medicinally as an
alterative, and also as a black hair dye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jug"lan*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An alkaloid
found in the leaves of the walnut (<i>Juglans regia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jug"lans</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., walnut.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of valuable trees, including the true
walnut of Europe, and the America black walnut, and
butternut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"glone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>jugl</i>ans the
walnut + <i>-one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow crystalline
substance resembling quinone, extracted from green shucks of the
walnut (<i>Juglans regia</i>); -- called also <i>nucin</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Ju"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>jugulum</i>
the collar bone, which joins together the shoulders and the breast,
the throat, akin to <i>jungere</i> to yoke, to join: cf. F.
<i>jugulaire</i>. See <u>Join</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to the throat or neck; as, the <i>jugular</i> vein.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the jugular vein; as,
the <i>jugular</i> foramen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the ventral
fins beneath the throat; -- said of certain fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"gu*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>jugulaire</i>.
See <u>Jugular</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the large veins
which return the blood from the head to the heart through two chief
trunks, an external and an internal, on each side of the neck; --
called also the <i>jugular vein</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any fish which has the
ventral fins situated forward of the pectoral fins, or beneath the
throat; one of a division of fishes (<i>Jugulares</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"gu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Jugulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Jugulating</u> (?).] [L. <i>jugulatus</i>, <i>p.
p.</i> of <i>jugulare</i>, fr. <i>jugulatum</i>. See <u>Jugular</u>.]
<def>To cut the throat of.</def> [R.]  <i>Jacob Bigelow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ju"gu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jugula</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lower
throat, or that part of the neck just above the breast.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ju"gum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Juga</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Jugums</b></plw> (#). [L., a
yoke, ridge.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the
ridges commonly found on the fruit of umbelliferous plants.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A pair of the opposite leaflets of a pinnate
plant.</def></p>

<p><! p. 805 !></p>

<p><hw>Juice</hw> (j&umacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>juse</i>,
F. <i>jus</i> broth, gravy, juice, L. <i>jus</i>; akin to Skr.
<i>y&umacr;sha</i>.] <def>The characteristic fluid of any vegetable
or animal substance; the sap or part which can be expressed from
fruit, etc.; the fluid part which separates from meat in
cooking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An animal whose <i>juices</i> are
unsound.</blockquote> <i> Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>juice</i> of July flowers.</blockquote> <i> B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>juice</i> of Egypt's grape.</blockquote> <i>
Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Letters which Edward Digby wrote in lemon
<i>juice</i>.</blockquote> <i> Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cold water draws the <i>juice</i> of
meat.</blockquote> <i> Mrs. Whitney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Juice</hw> (j&umacr;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
moisten; to wet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Juice"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lacking juice;
dry.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jui"ci*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being juicy; succulence plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jui"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Juicier</u>; <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Juiciest</u>.] <def>A bounding with juice; succulent.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju*ise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>juise</i>. L.
<i>judicium</i>. See <u>Judicial</u>.] <def>Judgment; justice;
sentence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Up [on] pain of hanging and high
<i>juise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"jube</hw> (j&umacr;"j&usl;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
L. <i>zizyphum</i>, Gr. <grk>zi`zyfon</grk>, Per.
<i>z&imacr;zf&umacr;n</i>, <i>zizaf&umacr;n</i>,
<i>zayzaf&umacr;n</i>.] <def>The sweet and edible drupes (fruits) of
several Mediterranean and African species of small trees, of the
genus <i>Zizyphus</i>, especially the <i>Z. jujuba</i>, <i>Z.
vulgaris</i>, <i>Z. mucronata</i>, and <i>Z. Lotus</i>. The last
named is thought to have furnished the lotus of the ancient Libyan
<i>Lotophagi</i>, or lotus eaters.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jujube paste</b></col>, <cd>the dried or inspissated jelly
of the jujube; also, a confection made of gum arabic
sweetened.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Juke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [from Scottish
<i>jouk</i> to bow.] <def>To bend the neck; to bow or duck the
head.</def> [Written also <i>jook</i> and <i>jouk</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The money merchant was so proud of his trust that he
went <i>juking</i> and tossing of his head.</blockquote> <i> L'
Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Juke</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The neck of a bird.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Juke</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>juc</i> a roost,
perch, <i>jucher</i> to roost, to perch.] <def>To perch on anything,
as birds do.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ju*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Julus</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Like an ament, or bearing aments;
amentaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"lep</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp.
<i>julepe</i>, fr. Ar. &amp; Per. <i>jul&amacr;b</i>,
<i>jull&amacr;b</i>, fr. Per. <i>gul&amacr;b</i> rose water and
julep; <i>gul</i> rose + <i>&amacr;b</i> water.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A refreshing drink flavored with aromatic
herbs</def>; esp. <i>(Med.)</i>, <def>a sweet, demulcent, acidulous,
or mucilaginous mixture, used as a vehicle.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Honey in woods, <i>juleps</i> in brooks.</blockquote>
<i> H. Vaughan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A beverage composed of brandy, whisky, or
some other spirituous liquor, with sugar, pounded ice, and sprigs of
mint; -- called also <i>mint julep</i>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Jul"ian</hw> (?; 277) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Julianus</i>, fr. <i>Julius</i>.  Cf. <u>July</u>,
<u>Gillian</u>.] <def>Relating to, or derived from, Julius
C&aelig;sar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Julian calendar</b></col>, <cd>the calendar as adjusted by
Julius C&aelig;sar, in which the year was made to consist of 365
days, each fourth year having 366 days.</cd> -- <col><b>Julian
epoch</b></col>, <cd>the epoch of the commencement of the Julian
calendar, or 46 b. c.</cd> -- <col><b>Julian period</b></col>, <cd>a
chronological period of 7,980 years, combining the solar, lunar, and
indiction cycles (28 x 19 x 15 = 7,980), being reckoned from the year
4713 <u>B. C.</u>, when the first years of these several cycles would
coincide, so that if any year of the period be divided by 28, 19, or
15, the remainder will be the year of the corresponding cycle. The
Julian period was proposed by Scaliger, to remove or avoid
ambiguities in chronological dates, and was so named because composed
of Julian years.</cd> -- <col><b>Julian year</b></col>, <cd>the year
of 365 days, 6 hours, adopted in the Julian calendar, and in use
until superseded by the Gregorian year, as established in the
reformed or Gregorian calendar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ju`li*enne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A kind
of soup containing thin slices or shreds of carrots, onions,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Julus</i> + <i>-
form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the shape or appearance of a
julus or catkin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ju"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i><plw><b>Juli</b></plw> (#). [Of the same origin as
<i>iulus</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A catkin or ament. See
<u>Ament</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju*ly"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Julies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>Julius</i>; -- named from Caius
<i>Julius</i> C&aelig;sar, who was born in this month: cf. F.
<i>Juillet</i>.] <def>The seventh month of the year, containing
thirty-one days.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This month was called <i>Quintilis</i>, or the fifth month,
according to the old Roman calendar, in which March was the first
month of the year.</p>

<p><hw>Ju*ly"-flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gillyflower</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"mart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The fabled
offspring of a bull and a mare.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jumbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jumbling</u> (?).] [Prob. fr. <i>jump</i>, i. e., to make to jump,
or shake.] <def>To mix in a confused mass; to put or throw together
without order; -- often followed by <i>together</i> or
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why dost thou blend and <i>jumble</i> such
inconsistencies together?</blockquote> <i> Burton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every clime and age<BR>
<i>Jumbled</i> together.</blockquote> <i> Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To meet or unite in
a confused way; to mix confusedly.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
confused mixture; a mass or collection without order; as, a
<i>jumble</i> of words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small, thin, sugared cake, usually ring-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jum"ble*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Confused
mixture.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Jum"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who confuses
things.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jum"bling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
confused manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>jumentum</i> a
beast of burden: cf. F. <i>jument</i> a mare, OF., a beast of
burden.] <def>A beast; especially, a beast of burden.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fitter for <i>juments</i> than men to feed
on.</blockquote> <i> Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>jupe</i> a long
petticoat, a skirt.  Cf. <u>Juppon</u>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
kind of loose jacket for men.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<def>A bodice worn instead of stays by women in the 18th
century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jumped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jumping</u>.] [Akin to OD. <i>gumpen</i>, dial. G. <i>gumpen</i>,
<i>jumpen</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To spring free from the ground by the
muscular action of the feet and legs; to project one's self through
the air; to spring; to bound; to leap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not the worst of the three but <i>jumps</i> twelve
foot and a half by the square.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move as if by jumping; to bounce; to
jolt.</def> "The <i>jumping</i> chariots."  <i>Nahum iii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A flock of geese <i>jump</i> down
together.</blockquote> <i> Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To coincide; to agree; to accord; to
tally; -- followed by <i>with</i>.</def> "It <i>jumps</i> with my
humor."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To jump at</b></col>, <cd>to spring to; hence, fig., to
accept suddenly or eagerly; as, a fish <i>jumps at</i> a bait; to
<i>jump at</i> a chance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jump</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pass by a spring or leap; to overleap; as, to <i>jump</i> a
stream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to jump; as, he <i>jumped</i> his
horse across the ditch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To expose to danger; to risk; to
hazard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>jump</i> a body with a dangerous
physic.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Smithwork)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
join by a butt weld.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To thicken or
enlarge by endwise blows; to upset.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Quarrying)</i> <def>To bore with a
jumper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To jump a claim</b></col>, <cd>to enter upon and take
possession of land to which another has acquired a claim by prior
entry and occupation.</cd> [Western U. S. &amp; Australia] See
<u>Claim</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3. -- <col><b>To jump one's
bail</b></col>, <cd>to abscond while at liberty under bail
bonds.</cd> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Jump</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of jumping; a leap; a spring; a bound.</def> "To advance by
<i>jumps</i>."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An effort; an attempt; a venture.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our fortune lies<BR>
Upon this<i>jump</i>.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The space traversed by a leap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A dislocation in a
stratum; a fault.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An abrupt interruption of
level in a piece of brickwork or masonry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>From the jump</b></col>, <cd>from the start or
beginning.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Jump joint</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A butt joint</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
flush joint, as of plank in carvel-built vessels.</cd> --
<col><b>Jump seat</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A movable
carriage seat</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A carriage constructed
with a seat which may be shifted so as to make room for second or
extra seat. Also used adjectively; as, a <i>jump-seat</i>
wagon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jump</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nice; exact; matched;
fitting; precise.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Jump</i> names."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jump</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Exactly;
pat.</def>[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jump"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, jumps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A long drilling tool used by masons and
quarrymen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rude kind of sleigh; -- usually, a
simple box on runners which are in one piece with the poles that form
the thills.</def> [U.S.]  <i>J. F. Cooper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva of the
cheese fly. See <i>Cheese fly</i>, under <u>Cheese</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A name applied in the 18th
century to certain Calvinistic Methodists in Wales whose worship was
characterized by violent convulsions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Horology)</i> <def>spring to impel the star
wheel, also a pawl to lock fast a wheel, in a repeating
timepiece.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Baby jumper</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Bounty jumper</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bounty</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jump"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Jump</u>.]
<def>A loose upper garment</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sort
of blouse worn by workmen over their ordinary dress to protect
it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A fur garment worn in Arctic
journeys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jump"ing</hw>, <pos><i>p. a. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Jump</u>, to leap.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jumping bean</b></col>, <cd>a seed of a Mexican
<i>Euphorbia</i>, containing the larva of a moth (<i>Carpocapsa
saltitans</i>). The larva by its sudden movements causes the seed to
roll to roll and jump about.</cd> -- <col><b>Jumping deer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South African rodent (<i>Pedetes
Caffer</i>), allied to the jerboa.</cd> -- <col><b>Jumping
jack</b></col>, <cd>a toy figure of a man, jointed and made to jump
or dance by means of strings.</cd> -- <col><b>Jumping louse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any of the numerous species of plant lice
belonging to the family <i>Psyllid&aelig;</i>, several of which are
injurious to fruit trees.</cd> -- <col><b>Jumping mouse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>North American mouse (<i>Zapus
Hudsonius</i>), having a long tail and large hind legs. It is noted
for its jumping powers. Called also <i>kangaroo mouse</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Jumping mullet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>gray
mullet.</cd> -- <col><b>Jumping shrew</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any African insectivore of the genus <i>Macroscelides</i>. They
are allied to the shrews, but have large hind legs adapted for
jumping.</cd> -- <col><b>Jumping spider</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>spider of the genus <i>Salticus</i> and
other related genera; one of the Saltigrad&aelig;; -- so called
because it leaps upon its prey.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jump"weld`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Buttweld</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Jun*ca"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Juncate</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of. pertaining to, or resembling,
a natural order of plants (<i>Juncace&aelig;</i>), of which the
common rush (<i>Juncus</i>) is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jun"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Junket</u>.</def>[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jun"cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>juncus</i> a
rush.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil rush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jun"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any bird of the genus <i>Junco</i>, which includes several
species of North American finches; -- called also <i>snowbird</i>, or
<i>blue snowbird</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jun"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>juncosus</i>,
fr. <i>juncus</i> a rush.] <def>Full of rushes: resembling rushes;
juncaceous.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Junc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>junctio</i>,
fr. <i>jungere</i>, <i>junctum</i>, to join: cf. F. <i>jonction</i>.
See <u>Join</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of joining, or the state of being
joined; union; combination; coalition; as, the <i>junction</i> of two
armies or detachments; the <i>junction</i> of paths.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place or point of union, meeting, or
junction; specifically, the place where two or more lines of railway
meet or cross.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Junction plate</b></col> <i>(Boilers)</i>, <cd>a covering
or break-join plate riveted to and uniting the edges of sheets which
make a butt joint.</cd> -- <col><b>Junction rails</b></col>
<i>(Railroads)</i>, <cd>the switch, or movable, rails, connecting one
line of track with another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Junc"ture</hw> (j&ubreve;&nsm;k"t&usl;r; 135),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>junctura</i>, fr. <i>jungere</i> to join.
See <u>Jointure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A joining; a union; an
alliance.</def> [Obs.] "Devotional compliance and <i>juncture</i> of
hearts."  <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The line or point at which two bodies are
joined; a joint; an articulation; a seam; as, the <i>junctures</i> of
a vessel or of the bones.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A point of time; esp., one made critical
or important by a concurrence of circumstances; hence, a crisis; an
exigency.</def> "Extraordinary <i>junctures</i>."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In such a <i>juncture</i>, what can the most plausible
and refined philosophy offer?</blockquote> <i> Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>June</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Junius</i>: cf. F.
<i>Juin</i>. So called either from <i>Junius</i>, the name of a Roman
gens, or from <i>Juno</i>, the goddess.] <def>The sixth month of the
year, containing thirty days.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And what is so rare as a day in <i>June</i>?<BR>
Then, if ever, come perfect days.</blockquote> <i> Lowell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>June beetle</b></col>, <col><b>June bug</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of large brown
beetles of the genus <i>Lachnosterna</i> and related genera; -- so
called because they begin to fly, in the northern United States,
about the first of June. The larv&aelig; of the June beetles live
under ground, and feed upon the roots of grasses and other plants.
Called also <i>May bug</i> or <i>May beetle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>June
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a New England name for Kentucky
blue grass. See <u>Blue glass</u>, and <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</cd></p>

<p><hw>June"a*ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
early apple.</def> [Written also <i>jenneting</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>June"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The small applelike berry of American trees
of genus <i>Amelanchier</i>; -- also called <i>service
berry</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The shrub or tree which
bears this fruit; -- also called <i>shad bush</i>, and <i>shad
tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jun`ger*man"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jungermanni&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. Named after Ludwig
<i>Jungermann</i>, a German botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
hepatic mosses, now much circumscribed, but formerly comprising most
plants of the order, which is sometimes therefore called
<i>Jungermanniace&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jun"gle</hw> (j&ubreve;&nsm;"g'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>jangal</i> desert, forest, jungle; Skr. <i>ja&?;gala</i> desert.]
<def>A dense growth of brushwood, grasses, reeds, vines, etc.; an
almost impenetrable thicket of trees, canes, and reedy vegetation, as
in India, Africa, Australia, and Brazil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>jungles</i> of India are of bamboos, canes, and
other palms, very difficult to penetrate.</blockquote> <i> Balfour
(Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Jungle bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the aswail
or sloth bear.</cd> -- <col><b>Jungle cat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the chaus.</cd> -- <col><b>Jungle
cock</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the male of a jungle
fowl.</cd> -- <col><b>Jungle fowl</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any wild species of the genus <i>Gallus</i>,
of which several species inhabit India and the adjacent islands; as,
the fork-tailed <i>jungle fowl</i> (<i>G. varius</i>) of Java, <i>G.
Stanleyi</i> of Ceylon, and <i>G. Bankiva</i> of India.</cd> The
latter, which resembles the domestic gamecock, is supposed to be one
of the original species from which the domestic fowl was derived.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An Australian grallatorial bird
(<i>Megapodius tumulus</i>) which is allied to the brush turkey, and,
like the latter, lays its eggs in mounds of vegetable matter, where
they are hatched by the heat produced by decomposition.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jun"gly</hw> (-gl&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of jungles; abounding with jungles; of the nature of
a jungle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jun"ior</hw> (j&umacr;n"y&etilde;r; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. contr. fr. <i>juvenior</i>, compar. of <i>juvenis</i> young. See
<u>Juvenile</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Less advanced in age than another;
younger.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Junior</i> is applied to distinguish the younger of two
persons bearing the same name in the same family, and is opposed to
<i>senior</i> or <i>elder</i>. Commonly applied to a son who has the
same Christian name as his father.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lower in standing or in rank; later in
office; as, a <i>junior</i> partner; <i>junior</i> counsel;
<i>junior</i> captain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Composed of juniors, whether younger or a
lower standing; as, the <i>junior</i> class; of or pertaining to
juniors or to a junior class. See <u>Junior</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to a younger person, or an
earlier time of life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our first studies and <i>junior</i>
endeavors.</blockquote> <i> Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jun"ior</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
younger person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>junior</i> she, by thirty years.</blockquote>
<i> Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: One of a lower or later standing;
specifically, in American colleges, one in the third year of his
course, one in the fourth or final year being designated a
<i>senior</i>; in some seminaries, one in the first year, in others,
one in the second year, of a three years' course.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jun*ior"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being junior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ni*per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>juniperus</i>,
prop., youth-producing, and so called from its evergreen appearance,
from the roots of E. <i>juvenile</i>, and <i>parent</i>. <i>Cf</i>.
<u>Gin</u> the liquor.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any evergreen shrub or
tree, of the genus <i>Juniperus</i> and order
<i>Conifer&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common juniper (<i>J. communis</i>) is a shrub of a
low, spreading form, having awl-shaped, rigid leaves in whorls of
threes, and bearing small purplish blue berries (or galbuli), of a
warm, pungent taste, used as diuretic and in flavoring gin. A resin
exudes from the bark, which has erroneously been considered identical
with sandarach, and is used as pounce. The oil of juniper is acrid,
and used for various purposes, as in medicine, for making varnish,
etc. The wood of several species is of a reddish color, hard and
durable, and is used in cabinetwork under the names of <i>red
cedar</i>, <i>Bermuda cedar</i>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Juniper worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva
of a geometrid moth (<i>Drepanodes varus</i>). It feeds upon the
leaves of the juniper, and mimics the small twigs both in form and
color, in a remarkable manner.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ni*per*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A yellow amorphous substance extracted from juniper
berries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ni*per*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>One of the fossil <i>Conifer&aelig;</i>, evidently allied to the
juniper.</def></p>

<p><! p. 806 !></p>

<p><hw>Junk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fragment of any
solid substance; a thick piece. See <u>Chunk</u>.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Junk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>junco</i> junk, rush,
L. <i>juncus</i> a bulrush, of which ropes were made in early ages.
Cf. <u>Junket</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pieces of old cable or old cordage, used
for making gaskets, mats, swabs, etc., and when picked to pieces,
forming oakum for filling the seams of ships.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Old iron, or other metal, glass, paper,
etc., bought and sold by junk dealers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Hard salted beef supplied
to ships.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Junk bottle</b></col> , <cd>a stout bottle made of thick
dark-colored glass.</cd> -- <col><b>Junk dealer</b></col>, <cd>a
dealer in old cordage, old metal, glass, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Junk
hook</b></col> <i>(Whaling)</i>, <cd>a hook for hauling heavy pieces
of blubber on deck.</cd> -- <col><b>Junk ring</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A packing of soft material round the piston
of a steam engine</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A metallic ring for
retaining a piston packing in place</cd>; <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A
follower.</cd> -- <col><b>Junk shop</b></col>, <cd>a shop where old
cordage, and ship's tackle, old iron, old bottles, old paper, etc.,
are kept for sale.</cd> -- <col><b>Junk vat</b></col> <i>(Leather
Manuf.)</i>, <cd>a large vat into which spent tan liquor or ooze is
pumped.</cd> -- <col><b>Junk wad</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a wad
used in proving cannon; also used in firing hot shot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Junk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>junco</i>; cf. Jav. &
Malay <i>jong</i>, <i>ajong</i>, Chin. <i>chwan</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A large vessel, without keel or prominent stem, and with huge
masts in one piece, used by the Chinese, Japanese, Siamese, Malays,
etc., in navigating their waters.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jun"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.  Cf.
<u>Yonker</u>.] <def>A young German noble or squire; esp., a member
of the aristocratic party in Prussia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jun"ker*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The principles
of the aristocratic party in Prussia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jun"ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly also
<i>juncate</i>, fr. It.  <i>giuncata</i> cream cheese, made in a
wicker or rush basket, fr. L. <i>juncus</i> a rush. See 2d
<u>Junk</u>, and cf. <u>Juncate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cheese cake; a sweetmeat; any delicate
food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How Faery Mab the <i>junkets</i> eat.</blockquote> <i>
Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Victuals varied well in taste,<BR>
And other <i>junkets</i>.</blockquote> <i> Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A feast; an entertainment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A new jaunt or <i>junket</i> every night.</blockquote>
<i> Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jun"ket</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To feast; to
banquet; to make an entertainment; -- sometimes applied opprobriously
to feasting by public officers at the public cost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Job's children <i>junketed</i> and feasted together
often.</blockquote> <i> South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jun"ket</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Junketed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Junketing</u>.] <def>To give entertainment to; to feast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The good woman took my lodgings over my head, and was
in such a hurry to <i>junket</i> her neighbors.</blockquote> <i>
Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jun"ket*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feast or
entertainment; a revel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All those snug <i>junketings</i> and public
gormandizings for which the ancient magistrates were equally famous
with their modern successors.</blockquote> <i> W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The apostle would have no reveling or <i>junketing</i>
upon the altar.</blockquote> <i> South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jun"ket*ries</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>Sweetmeats.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ju"no</hw> (j&umacr;"n&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Junos</b></plw> (-n&osl;z). [L.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Myth.)</i> <def>The sister and wife of
Jupiter, the queen of heaven, and the goddess who presided over
marriage. She corresponds to the Greek Hera.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweeter than the lids of <i>Juno's</i>
eyes.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the early
discovered asteroids.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bird of Juno</b></col>, <cd>the peacock.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Jun"ta</hw> (j&ubreve;n"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Juntas</b></plw> (-t&adot;z). [Sp., fr. L.
<i>junctus</i> joined, <i>p. p.</i> of <i>jungere</i> to join. See
<u>Join</u>, and cf. <u>Junto</u>.] <def>A council; a convention; a
tribunal; an assembly; esp., the grand council of state in
Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jun"to</hw> (-t&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Juntos</b></plw> (-t&osl;z). [Sp. <i>junto</i> united. See
<u>Junta</u>.] <def>A secret council to deliberate on affairs of
government or politics; a number of men combined for party intrigue;
a faction; a cabal; as, a <i>junto</i> of ministers; a <i>junto</i>
of politicians.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The puzzling sons of party next appeared,<BR>
In dark cabals and mighty <i>juntos</i> met.</blockquote> <i>
Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jup"ar*tie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Jeopardy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju`pa*ti" palm`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A great Brazilian
palm tree (<i>Raphia t&aelig;digera</i>), used by the natives for
many purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jupe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Jupon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"pi*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>Jovis
pater</i>. See <u>Jove</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Myth.)</i> <def>The supreme deity,
king of gods and men, and reputed to be the son of Saturn and Rhea;
Jove. He corresponds to the Greek Zeus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the planets, being
the brightest except Venus, and the largest of them all, its mean
diameter being about 85,000 miles. It revolves about the sun in
4,332.6 days, at a mean distance of 5.2028 from the sun, the earth's
mean distance being taken as unity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jupiter's beard</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A South European herb, with cymes of small
red blossoms (<i>Centranthus ruber</i>)</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The houseleek (<i>Sempervivum tectorum</i>); -- so called from
its massive inflorescence, like the sculptured beard of Jove</cd>.
<i>Prior.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>the cloverlike <i>Anthyllis
Barba-Jovis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Jupiter's staff</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common mullein; -- so called from its long,
rigid spike of yellow blossoms.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ju*pon"</hw> (?), <hw>Jup*pon"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jupon</i>, fr. <i>jupe</i> skirt, Sp.
<i>aljuba</i> a Moorish garment, Ar. <i>jubba</i>.] [Written
variously <i>jupe</i>, <i>jump</i>, <i>juppo</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sleeveless jacket worn over the armor in
the 14th century. It fitted closely, and descended below the
hips.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A petticoat.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. &amp; L.] <def>1. A range
of mountains between France and Switzerland.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The Jurassic period. See
<u>Jurassic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>jus</i>,
<i>juris</i>, right.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to natural or positive
right.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By the adjective <i>jural</i> we shall denote that
which has reference to the doctrine of rights and obligations; as by
the adjective "moral" we denote that which has reference to the
doctrine of duties.</blockquote> <i> Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
jurisprudence.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ju`ra*men"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Juramenta</b></plw> (&?;). [L.] <i>(Roman &amp; Old Eng. Law)</i>
<def>An oath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju*ras"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Of the age of the middle Mesozoic, including, as divided in
England and Europe, the Lias, O&ouml;lite, and Wealden; -- named from
certain rocks of the <i>Jura</i> mountains.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Jurassic period or formation; -- called
also the <i>Jura</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"rat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. F. <i>jurat</i>,
fr. L. <i>juratus</i> sworn, <i>p. p.</i> of <i>jurare</i> to swear.
See <u>Jury</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person under oath; specifically, an
officer of the nature of an alderman, in certain municipal
corporations in England.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The memorandum or certificate
at the end of an asffidavit, or a bill or answer in chancery, showing
when, before whom, and (in English practice), where, it was sworn or
affirmed.</def>  <i>Wharton. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>juratorius</i>, fr. <i>jurare</i> to swear: cf. F.
<i>juratoire</i>.] <def>Relating to or comprising an oath; as,
<i>juratory</i> caution.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju`ra-tri"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A term applied to many American Mesozoic strata, in which the
characteristics of the Jurassic and Triassic periods appear to be
blended.</def> -- <wf>Ju`ra-tri*as"sic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Jur*dic"ci*on</hw>
(j&ubreve;r*d&ibreve;k"s&ibreve;*&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Jurisdiction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Jur"don</hw> (j&ucirc;r"d&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Jordan.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A yellow carangoid fish of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts
(<i>Caranx chrysos</i>), most abundant southward, where it is valued
as a food fish; -- called also <i>hardtail</i>, <i>horse
crevall&eacute;</i>, <i>jack</i>, <i>buffalo jack</i>,
<i>skipjack</i>, <i>yellow mackerel</i>, and sometimes, improperly,
<i>horse mackerel</i>. Other species of <i>Caranx</i> (as <i>C.
fallax</i>) are also sometimes called <i>jurel</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ju*rid"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ju*rid"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>juridicus</i> relating to the
administration of justice; <i>jus</i>, <i>juris</i>, right, law +
<i>dicare</i> to pronounce: cf. F. <i>juridique</i>. See <u>Just</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Diction</u>.] <def>Pertaining to a judge
or to jurisprudence; acting in the distribution of justice; used in
courts of law; according to law; legal; as, <i>juridical</i>
law.</def> "This <i>juridical</i> sword."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The body corporate of the kingdom, in <i>juridical</i>
construction, never dies.</blockquote> <i> Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Juridical days</b></col>, <cd>days on which courts are
open.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ju*rid*ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
juridical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju`ris*con"sult</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>jurisconsultus</i>; <i>jus</i>, <i>juris</i>, right +
<i>consulere</i>, <i>consultum</i>, to consult: cf. F.
<i>jurisconsulte</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A man learned in the civil
law; an expert in juridical science; a professor of jurisprudence; a
jurist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju`ris*dic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>jurisdictio</i>; <i>jus</i>, <i>juris</i>, right, law +
<i>dictio</i> a saying, speaking: cf. OF. <i>jurisdiction</i>, F.
<i>juridiction</i>. See <u>Just</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
<u>Diction</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The legal power, right, or
authority of a particular court to hear and determine causes, to try
criminals, or to execute justice; judicial authority over a cause or
class of causes; as, certain suits or actions, or the cognizance of
certain crimes, are within the <i>jurisdiction</i> of a particular
court, that is, within the limits of its authority or
commission.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The authority of a sovereign power to
govern or legislate; the right of making or enforcing laws; the power
or right of exercising authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To live exempt<BR>
From Heaven's high <i>jurisdiction</i>.</blockquote> <i>
Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You wrought to be a legate; by which power<BR>
You maim'd the <i>jurisdiction</i> of all bishops.</blockquote> <i>
Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sphere of authority; the limits within
which any particular power may be exercised, or within which a
government or a court has authority.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Jurisdiction</i>, in its most general sense, is the
power to make, declare, or apply the law. When confined to the
<i>judiciary department</i>, it is what we denominate the <i>judicial
power</i>, the right of administering justice through the laws, by
the means which the laws have provided for that purpose.
<i>Jurisdiction</i> is limited to place or territory, to persons, or
to particular subjects.  <i>Duponceau.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju`ris*dic"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>jurisdictionalis</i>, F. <i>juridictionnel</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to jurisdiction; as, <i>jurisdictional</i> rights.</def>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju`ris*dic"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
jurisdiction.</def>  <i> Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju`ris*pru"dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>jurisprudentia</i>; <i>jus</i>, <i>juris</i>, right, law +
<i>prudentia</i> a foreseeing, knowledge of a matter, prudence: cf.
F. <i>jurisprudence</i>. See <u>Just</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
<u>Prudence</u>.] <def>The science of juridical law; the knowledge of
the laws, customs, and rights of men in a state or community,
necessary for the due administration of justice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The talents of Abelard were not confined to theology,
<i>jurisprudence</i>, philosophy.</blockquote> <i> J. Warton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Medical jurisprudence</b></col>, <cd>that branch of
juridical law which concerns questions of medicine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ju`ris*pru"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Jurisprudence</u>.] <def>Understanding law; skilled in
jurisprudence.</def>  <i>G. West.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju`ris*pru"dent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>jurisprudent</i>.] <def>One skilled in law or jurisprudence.</def>
[R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju`ris*pru*den"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to jurisprudence.</def>  <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju`rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>juriste</i>, LL.
<i>jurista</i>, fr. L. <i>jus</i>, <i>juris</i>, right, law. See
<u>Just</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>One who professes the science
of law; one versed in the law, especially in the civil law; a writer
on civil and international law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It has ever been the method of public <i>jurists</i>
to &?;raw a great part of the analogies on which they form the law of
nations from the principles of law which prevail in civil
community.</blockquote> <i> Burke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ju*ris"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Ju*ris"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a jurist, to the legal
profession, or to jurisprudence.</def> [R.] "<i>Juristic</i>
ancestry."  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ror</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>jureur</i> one
who takes oath, L. <i>jurator</i> a swearer, fr.  <i>jurare</i>,
<i>jurari</i>, to swear. See <u>Jury</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A member of a jury; a
juryman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall both find your lordship judge and
<i>juror</i>.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of any jury for awarding prizes,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>For temporary use; -- applied to a temporary
contrivance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jury mast</b></col>, <cd>a temporary mast, in place of one
that has been carried away, or broken.</cd> -- <col><b>Jury
rudder</b></col>, <cd>a rudder constructed for temporary
use.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Juries</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>jur&eacute;e</i> an assize, fr.
<i>jurer</i> to swear, L. <i>jurare</i>, <i>jurari</i>; akin to
<i>jus</i>, <i>juris</i>, right, law. See <u>Just</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Jurat</u>, <u>Abjure</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A body of men, usually
twelve, selected according to law, impaneled and sworn to inquire
into and try any matter of fact, and to render their true verdict
according to the evidence legally adduced. See <i>Grand jury</i>
under <u>Grand</u>, and <u>Inquest</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>jury</i>, passing on the prisoner's
life.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A committee for determining relative merit
or awarding prizes at an exhibition or competition; as, the art
<i>jury</i> gave him the first prize.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jury of inquest</b></col>, <cd>a coroner's jury. See
<u>Inquest</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ry*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Jurymen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who is impaneled on a jury,
or who serves as a juror.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ry-rigged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Rigged for temporary service. See <u>Jury</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Jus"si</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A delicate fiber,
produced in the Philippine Islands from an unidentified plant, of
which dresses, etc., are made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Just</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>juste</i>, L.
<i>justus</i>, fr. <i>jus</i> right, law, justice; orig., that which
is fitting; akin to Skr. <i>yu</i> to join.  Cf. <u>Injury</u>,
<u>Judge</u>, <u>Jury</u>, <u>Giusto</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Conforming or conformable to rectitude or
justice; not doing wrong to any; violating no right or obligation;
upright; righteous; honest; true; -- said both of persons and
things.</def> "O <i>just</i> but severe law!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is not a <i>just</i> man upon earth, that doeth
good, and sinneth not.</blockquote> <i> Eccl. vii. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Just</i> balances, <i>just</i> weights, . . . shall
ye have.</blockquote> <i> Lev. xix. 36.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How should man be <i>just</i> with God?</blockquote>
<i> Job ix. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We know your grace to be a man.<BR>
<i>Just</i> and upright.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not transgressing the requirement of truth
and propriety; conformed to the truth of things, to reason, or to a
proper standard; exact; normal; reasonable; regular; due; as, a
<i>just</i> statement; a <i>just</i> inference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Just</i> of thy word, in every thought
sincere.</blockquote> <i> Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The prince is here at hand: pleaseth your lordship<BR>
To meet his grace <i>just</i> distance 'tween our
armies.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a comely personage, a little above <i>just</i>
stature.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fire fitted with <i>just</i> materials casts a
constant heat.</blockquote> <i> Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When all<BR>
The war shall stand ranged in its <i>just</i> array.</blockquote> <i>
Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their named alone would make a <i>just</i>
volume.</blockquote> <i> Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rendering or disposed to render to each
one his due; equitable; fair; impartial; as, <i>just</i>
judge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men are commonly so <i>just</i> to virtue and goodness
as to praise it in others, even when they do not practice it
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Just intonation</b></col>. <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The correct sounding of notes or intervals;
true pitch</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The giving all chords and
intervals in their purity or their exact mathematical ratio, or
without <i>temperament</i>; a process in which the number of notes
and intervals required in the various keys is much greater than the
twelve to the octave used in systems of temperament.</cd>  <i>H. W.
Poole.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Equitable; upright; honest; true; fair; impartial;
proper; exact; normal; orderly; regular.</p>

<p><hw>Just</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Precisely; exactly; -- in place, time, or degree; neither more
nor less than is stated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And having <i>just</i> enough, not covet
more.</blockquote> <i> Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The god Pan guided my hand <i>just</i> to the heart of
the beast.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To-night, at Herne's oak, <i>just</i> 'twixt twelve
and one.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Closely; nearly; almost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Just</i> at the point of death.</blockquote> <i>
Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Barely; merely; scarcely; only; by a very
small space or time; as, he <i>just</i> missed the train; <i>just</i>
too late.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A soft Etesian gale<BR>
But <i>just</i> inspired and gently swelled the sail.</blockquote>
<i> Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Just now</b></col>, <cd>the least possible time since; a
moment ago.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Just</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Joust</u>.] <def>To
joust.</def>  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Just</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A joust.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jus"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>justitia</i>, fr.  <i>justus</i> just. See <u>Just</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being just; conformity to
the principles of righteousness and rectitude in all things; strict
performance of moral obligations; practical conformity to human or
divine law; integrity in the dealings of men with each other;
rectitude; equity; uprightness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Justice</i> and judgment are the haditation of thy
throne.</blockquote> <i> Ps. ixxxix. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king-becoming graces,<BR>
As justice, verity, temperance, stableness, . . . <BR>
I have no relish of them.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conformity to truth and reality in
expressing opinions and in conduct; fair representation of facts
respecting merit or demerit; honesty; fidelity; impartiality; as, the
<i>justice</i> of a description or of a judgment; historical
<i>justice</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The rendering to every one his due or
right; just treatment; requital of desert; merited reward or
punishment; that which is due to one's conduct or motives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This even-handed <i>justice</i><BR>
Commends the ingredients of our poisoned chalice<BR>
To our own lips.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Agreeableness to right; equity; justness;
as, the <i>justice</i> of a claim.</def></p>

<p><! p. 807 !></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A person duly commissioned to hold courts,
or to try and decide controversies and administer justice.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This title is given to the judges of the common law courts
in England and in the United States, and extends to judicial officers
and magistrates of every grade.</p>

<p><col><b>Bed of justice</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bed</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Chief justice</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Justice of the peace</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a judicial
officer or subordinate magistrate appointed for the conservation of
the peace in a specified district, with other incidental powers
specified in his commission. In the United States a justice of the
peace has jurisdiction to adjudicate certain minor cases, commit
offenders, etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Equity; law; right; rectitude; honesty; integrity;
uprightness; fairness; impartiality.  -- <u>Justice</u>,
<u>Equity</u>, <u>Law</u>. <i>Justice</i> and <i>equity</i> are the
same; but human laws, though designed to secure justice, are of
necessity imperfect, and hence what is strictly <i>legal</i> is at
times far from being <i>equitable</i> or <i>just</i>. Here a court of
<i>equity</i> comes in to redress the grievances. It does so, as
distinguished from courts of <i>law</i>; and as the latter are often
styled courts of <i>justice</i>, some have fancied that there is in
this case a conflict between <i>justice</i> and <i>equity</i>. The
real conflict is against the <i>working</i> of the <i>law</i>; this a
court of <i>equity</i> brings into accordance with the claims of
<i>justice</i>. It would be an unfortunate use of language which
should lead any one to imagine he might have <i>justice</i> on his
side while practicing iniquity (<i>inequity</i>).</p>

<p>   <u>Justice</u>, <u>Rectitude</u>. <i>Rectitude</i>, in its
widest sense, is one of the most comprehensive words in our language,
denoting absolute conformity to the rule of right in principle and
practice. <i>Justice</i> refers more especially to the carrying out
of law, and has been considered by moralists as of three kinds: (1)
<i>Commutative</i> justice, which gives every man his own property,
including things pledged by promise. (2) <i>Distributive</i> justice,
which gives every man his exact deserts. (3) <i>General</i> justice,
which carries out all the <i>ends</i> of law, though not in every
case through the precise channels of commutative or distributive
justice; as we see often done by a parent or a ruler in his dealings
with those who are subject to his control.</p>

<p><hw>Jus"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To administer
justice to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jus"tice*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to
trial in a court of justice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jus"tice*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Justiceship.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jus"tice*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Administration of justice; procedure in courts of justice.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jus"ti*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
administers justice; a judge.</def> [Obs.] "Some upright
<i>justicer</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jus"tice*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or dignity of a justice.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jus*ti"ci*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>justitiabilis</i>, F. <i>justiciable</i>.] <def>Proper to be
examined in a court of justice.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jus*ti"ci*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Justiciary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jus*ti"ci*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>justitiarius</i>, F. <i>justicier</i>. See <u>Justice</u>.]
<i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>An old name for the judges of the higher
English courts.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>chief justiciary</i>, or <i>justiciar</i>, in early
English history, was not only the chief justice of the kingdom, but
also <i>ex officio</i> regent in the king's absence.</p>

<p><col><b>Court of justiciary</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>, <cd>the
supreme criminal court, having jurisdiction over the whole of
Scotland.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jus"ti*co</hw> (?), <hw>Jus"ti*coat`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>justaucorps</i>, lit., close to the
body.] <def>Formerly, a close coat or waistcoat with
sleeves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jus"ti*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>justifiable</i>. See <u>Justify</u>.] <def>Capable of being
justified, or shown to be just.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just are the ways of God,<BR>
An <i>justifiable</i> to men.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Defensible; vindicable; warrantable; excusable;
exculpable; authorizable.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Jus"ti*fi`a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Jus"ti*fi`a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Jus`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>justificatio</i>: cf. F. <i>justification</i>. See
<u>Justify</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of justifying or the state of
being justified; a showing or proving to be just or conformable to
law, justice, right, or duty; defense; vindication; support; as,
arguments in <i>justification</i> of the prisoner's conduct; his
disobedience admits <i>justification</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hope, for my brother's <i>justification</i>, he
wrote this but as an essay or taste of my virtue.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The showing in court of a
sufficient lawful reason why a party charged or accused did that for
which he is called to answer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The act of justifying, or
the state of being justified, in respect to God's
requirements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who was delivered for our offenses, and was raised
again for our <i>justification</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iv.
25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In such righteousness<BR>
To them by faith imputed, they may find<BR>
<i>Justification</i> toward God, and peace<BR>
Of conscience.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Adjustment of type by
spacing it so as to make it exactly fill a line, or of a cut so as to
hold it in the right place; also, the leads, quads, etc., used for
making such adjustment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jus*tif"i*ca*tive</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>justificatif</i>.] <def>Having power to justify;
justificatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jus"ti*fi*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>justificator</i>: cf. F. <i>justificateur</i>.] <def>One who
justifies or vindicates; a justifier.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jus*tif"i*ca*to*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Vindicatory; defensory; justificative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jus"ti*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
justifies; one who vindicates, supports, defends, or
absolves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Justifiers</i> of themselves and
hypocrites.</blockquote> <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That he might be just, and the <i>justifier</i> of him
which believeth in Jesus.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iii. 26.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jus"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Justified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Justifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>justifier</i>, L. <i>justificare</i>;
<i>justus</i> just + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See
<u>Just</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>-fy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prove or show to be just; to vindicate;
to maintain or defend as conformable to law, right, justice,
propriety, or duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That to the height of this great argument<BR>
I may assert eternal providence,<BR>
And <i>justify</i> the ways of God to men.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Unless the oppression is so extreme as to
<i>justify</i> revolution, it would not <i>justify</i> the evil of
breaking up a government.</blockquote> <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pronounce free from guilt or blame; to
declare or prove to have done that which is just, right, proper,
etc.; to absolve; to exonerate; to clear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not <i>justify</i> whom the law
condemns.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>To treat as if righteous
and just; to pardon; to exculpate; to absolve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By him all that believe are <i>justified</i> from all
things, from which ye could not be <i>justified</i> by the law of
Moses.</blockquote> <i>Acts xiii. 39.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To prove; to ratify; to confirm.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To make even or true, as
lines of type, by proper spacing; to adjust, as type. See
<u>Justification</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To defend; maintain; vindicate; excuse; exculpate;
absolve; exonerate.</p>

<p><hw>Jus"ti*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>To form an even surface or true line with
something else; to fit exactly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To take oath to the ownership
of property sufficient to qualify one's self as bail or
surety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jus*tin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Institutes or laws of the Roman
Justinian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jus"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>joust</i>, <i>just</i>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> See <u>Joust</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Jostle</u>.] <def>To run or
strike against each other; to encounter; to clash; to jostle.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The chariots shall rage in the streets; they shall
<i>justle</i> one against another in the broad ways.</blockquote>
<i>Nahum ii. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jus"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Justled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Justling</u> (?).] <def>To push; to drive; to force by running
against; to jostle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>justled</i> one another out, and disputed the
post for a great while.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jus"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An encounter or shock;
a jostle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Just"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Just</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>In a just manner; in conformity to law,
justice, or propriety; by right; honestly; fairly; accurately.</def>
"In equal balance <i>justly</i> weighed."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing can <i>justly</i> be despised that can not
<i>justly</i> be blamed: where there is no choice there can be no
blame.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Just"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
just; conformity to truth, propriety, accuracy, exactness, and the
like; justice; reasonableness; fairness; equity; as, <i>justness</i>
of proportions; the <i>justness</i> of a description or
representation; the <i>justness</i> of a cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In value the satisfaction I had in seeing it
represented with all the <i>justness</i> and gracefulness of
action.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Justness</i> is properly applied to things, and
<i>justice</i> to persons; but the distinction is not always
observed.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Accuracy; exactness; correctness; propriety;
fitness; reasonableness; equity; uprightness; justice.</p>

<p><hw>Jut</hw> (j&ubreve;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Jutted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jutting</u>.] [A corruption of <i>jet</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shoot out or forward; to project beyond
the main body; as, the <i>jutting</i> part of a building.</def> "In
<i>jutting</i> rock and curved shore."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It seems to <i>jut</i> out of the structure of the
poem.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To butt.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>jutting</i>
steer."  <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jut</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which projects or juts; a projection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shove; a push.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jute</hw> (j&umacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>j&umacr;t</i>, Skr. <i>j&umacr;&tsdot;a</i> matted hair; cf.
<i>ja&tsdot;a</i> matted hair, fibrous roots.] <def>The coarse,
strong fiber of the East Indian <i>Corchorus olitorius</i>, and <i>C.
capsularis</i>; also, the plant itself. The fiber is much used for
making mats, gunny cloth, cordage, hangings, paper, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jutes</hw> (j&umacr;ts), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> sing.
<singw><b>Jute</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Jutlanders; one of
the Low German tribes, a portion of which settled in Kent, England,
in the 5th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jut"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Jutland in Denmark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jut"land*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Jutland, or to the people of Jutland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jut"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Projecting, as
corbels, cornices, etc.</def> -- <wf>Jut"ting*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Jut"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Jetty</u>,
<u>Jut</u>, <u>Jet</u>.] <def>A projection in a building; also, a
pier or mole; a jetty.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jut"ty</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To project
beyond.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ve*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>juvenalis</i>
youthful, juvenile, fr. <i>juvenis</i> young.] <def>A youth.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju`ve*nes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A growing
young.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju`ve*nes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>juvenescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>juvenescere</i> to grow young again,
from <i>juvenis</i> young.] <def>Growing or becoming young.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ve*nile</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>juvenilis</i>, from <i>juvenis</i> young; akin to E. <i>young</i>:
cf. F. <i>juv&eacute;nile</i>, <i>juv&eacute;nil</i>. See
<u>Young</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Young; youthful; as, a <i>juvenile</i>
appearance.</def> "A <i>juvenile</i> exercitation."
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to youth; as,
<i>juvenile</i> sports.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Puerile; boyish; childish. See <u>Youthful</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ju"ve*nile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young person or
youth; -- used sportively or familiarly.</def>  <i>C.
Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ve*nile*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being juvenile; juvenility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju`ve*nil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Juvenilities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>juvenilitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>juv&eacute;nilit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Youthfulness; adolescence.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The manners or character of youth;
immaturity.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"vi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Brazilian name for the lofty myrtaceous tree (<i>Bertholetia
excelsa</i>) which produces the large seeds known as Brazil
nuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ju*wan"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The camel's thorn. See under <u>Camel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju*wise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>Same as
<u>Juise</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jux`ta*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Juxtaposit</u>, <u>Pose</u>.] <def>To place in
juxtaposition.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jux`ta*pos"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Juxtaposited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Juxtapositing</u>.] [L. <i>juxta</i> near +
<i>positus</i>, p. p. of <i>ponere</i> to put.] <def>To place in
close connection or contiguity; to juxtapose.</def>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jux`ta*po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>juxta</i> near + <i>positio</i> position: cf. F.
<i>juxtaposition</i>. See <u>Just</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and
<u>Position</u>.] <def>A placing or being placed in nearness or
contiguity, or side by side; as, a <i>juxtaposition</i> of
words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Parts that are united by a a mere
<i>juxtaposition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Juxtaposition</i> is a very unsafe criterion of
continuity.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jym"old</hw> (j&ibreve;m"&obreve;ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Obs.] <def>See <u>Gimmal</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 808 !></p>

<p><point26>K.</point26></p>

<p><hw>K</hw>, (k&amacr;), <def>the eleventh letter of the English
alphabet, is nonvocal consonant. The form and sound of the letter
<b>K</b> are from the Latin, which used the letter but little except
in the early period of the language. It came into the Latin from the
Greek, which received it from a Ph&oelig;nician source, the ultimate
origin probably being Egyptian.  Etymologically <b>K</b> is most
nearly related to <i>c</i>, <i>g</i>, <i>h</i> (which see).</def></p>

<p>   In many words of one syllable <i>k</i> is used after <i>c</i>,
as in <i>crack</i>, <i>check</i>, <i>deck</i>, being necessary to
exhibit a correct pronunciation in the derivatives, <i>cracked</i>,
<i>checked</i>, <i>decked</i>, <i>cracking</i>; since without it,
<i>c</i>, before the vowels <i>e</i> and <i>i</i>, would be sounded
like <i>s</i>. Formerly, <i>k</i> was added to <i>c</i> in certain
words of Latin origin, as in <i>musick</i>, <i>publick</i>,
<i>republick</i>; but now it is omitted.</p>

<p>See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i> , &sect;&sect; 240, 178, 179,
185.</p>

<p><hw>Kaa"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The hartbeest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kab"a*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cabala</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*bas"sou</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cabassou</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*bob"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cabob</u>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*book"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(min.)</i> <def>A
clay ironstone found in Ceylon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*byle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>qab&imacr;la</i>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A Berber, as in Algiers
or Tunis. See <u>Berber</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kad"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Caddow</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The jackdaw.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ka"di</hw> (?), <hw>Ka`di*as"ter</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Turkish judge. See <u>Cadi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*fal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
Arabian name of two trees of the genus <i>Balsamodendron</i>, which
yield a gum resin and a red aromatic wood.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kaf"fir</hw> (k&abreve;f"f&etilde;r), <hw>Ka"fir</hw>
(k&auml;"f&etilde;r), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>k&amacr;fir</i>
infidel, pagan, fr. <i>kafara</i> to be skeptical in religious
matters; -- a name given to certain infidel races by the Mohammedans.
Cf. <u>Giaour</u>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
a race which, with the Hottentots and Bushmen, inhabit South Africa.
They inhabit the country north of Cape Colony, the name being now
specifically applied to the tribes living between Cape Colony and
Natal; but the Zulus of Natal are true Kaffirs.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of a race inhabiting Kafiristan in
Central Asia.</def> [Spelt also <i>Caffre</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Kaffir corn</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a Cape Colony
name for Indian millet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Kaf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Coffle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ka"fi*lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cafila</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kaf"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caftan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chantry chapel
inclosed with lattice or screen work.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ka"gu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A singular, crested, grallatorial bird <i>(Rhinochetos
jubatus)</i>, native of New Caledonia. It is gray above, paler
beneath, and the feathers of the wings and tail are handsomely barred
with brown, black, and gray. It is allied to the sun
bittern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka`gu*an"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The colugo.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ka"ha"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
notary public, or attorney, in the Levant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*hau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name, from its
cry.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A long-nosed monkey (<i>Semnopithecus
nasalis</i>), native of Borneo. The general color of the body is
bright chestnut, with the under parts, shoulders, and sides of the
head, golden yellow, and the top of the head and upper part of the
back brown. Called also <i>proboscis monkey</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>kaha</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of headless cabbage. Same as <u>Kale</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any cabbage, greens, or vegetables.</def>
[OE. or Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A broth made with kail or other
vegetables; hence, any broth; also, a dinner.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Kail yard</b></col>, <cd>a kitchen garden.</cd>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||Kai`ma*cam"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Caimacam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots Law)</i>
<def>Poultry, etc., required by the lease to be paid in kind by a
tenant to his landlord.</def>  <i>Wharton (Law Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Kai"nit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Trade name, fr.
<i>kainite</i>.] <def>Salts of potassium used in the manufacture of
fertilizers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kai"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; recent.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A compound salt consisting chiefly of potassium
chloride and magnesium sulphate, occurring at the Stassfurt salt
mines in Prussian Saxony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kai`no*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cenozoic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*ique"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <u>Caique</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kai"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
pale buff or white crystalline alkaloid derived from quinoline, and
used as an antipyretic in medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kai`ro*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An organic base obtained from quinoline. It is used as a
febrifuge, and resembles kairine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kai"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr., fr. L.
<i>Caesar</i>.  Cf. <u>Kesar</u>, and <u>Czar</u>.] <def>The ancient
title of emperors of Germany assumed by King William of Prussia when
crowned sovereign of the new German empire in 1871.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Maori <i>kaka</i> a
parrot; -- so named from its note.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A New
Zealand parrot of the genus <i>Nestor</i>, especially the <i>brown
parrot</i> (<i>Nestor meridionalis</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>mountain kaka</i>, or <i>kea</i> (<i>N.
notabilis</i>), is remarkable for having recently acquired
carnivorous habits. It attacks and kills lambs and pigs, sometimes
doing great damage.</p>

<p><col><b>Night kaka</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>The
kakapo.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ka`ka*po"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A singular nocturnal parrot (<i>Strigops habroptilus</i>),
native of New Zealand. It lives in holes during the day, but is
active at night. It resembles an owl in its colors and general
appearance. It has large wings, but can fly only a short distance.
Called also <i>owl parrot</i>, <i>night parrot</i>, and <i>night
kaka</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kak`a*ral"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
wood common in Demerara, durable in salt water, because not subject
to the depredations of the sea worm and barnacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kak`is*toc"ra*cy</hw>
(k&abreve;k`&ibreve;s*t&obreve;k"r&adot;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ka`kistos</grk> worst +
<grk>kratei^n</grk> to rule.] <def>Government by the worst
men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*kox"ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cacoxene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*lan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The sea otter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka`la*sie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A long-tailed monkey of Borneo (<i>Semnopithecus
rubicundus</i>). It has a tuft of long hair on the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>kale</i>,
<i>kail</i>, <i>cale</i>, colewort, Gael. <i>cael</i>; akin to Ir.
<i>cal</i>, W. <i>cawl</i>, Armor. <i>kaol</i>. See <u>Cole</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A variety of cabbage in
which the leaves do not form a head, being nearly the original or
wild form of the species.</def> [Written also <i>kail</i>, and
<i>cale</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Kail</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sea kale</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European
cruciferous herb (<i>Crambe maritima</i>), often used as a pot herb;
sea cabbage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ka*leege"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several species of large, crested, Asiatic pheasants,
belonging to the genus <i>Euplocamus</i>, and allied to the
firebacks.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ka*lei"do*phon</hw> (?), <hw>Ka*lei"do*phone</hw> (?), }
[Gr. &?; beautiful + &?; appearance, form + &?; sound.]
<i>(Physics.)</i> <def>An instrument invented by Professor
Wheatstone, consisting of a reflecting knob at the end of a vibrating
rod or thin plate, for making visible, in the motion of a point of
light reflected from the knob, the paths or curves corresponding with
the musical notes produced by the vibrations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*lei"do*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
beautiful + &?; form + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An instrument invented by
Sir David Brewster, which contains loose fragments of colored glass,
etc., and reflecting surfaces so arranged that changes of position
exhibit its contents in an endless variety of beautiful colors and
symmetrical forms. It has been much employed in arts of
design.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shifting like the fragments of colored glass in the
<i>kaleidoscope</i>.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ka*lei`do*scop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ka*lei`do*scop"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or formed by, a
kaleidoscope; variegated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kal"en*dar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Calendar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kal`en*da"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Calendarial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kal"en*der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 3d
<u>Calender</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kal"ends</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Calends</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ka"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>kali</i>.]
<i>(Hind. Cosmog.)</i> <def>The last and worst of the four ages of
the world; -- considered to have begun <u>B. C.</u> 3102, and to last
432,000 years.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ka"li</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>k&amacr;l&imacr;</i>.] <i>(Hind. Myth.)</i> <def>The black,
destroying goddess; -- called also <i>Doorga</i>, <i>Anna
Purna</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>qali</i>. See
<u>Alkali</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The glasswort (<i>Salsola
Kali</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka"lif</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caliph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Kali</i> + <i>-
form</i>.] <def>Formed like kali, or glasswort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*lig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Kali</i> +
<i>-genous</i>. See <u>Alkali</u>.] <def>Forming alkalies with
oxygen, as some metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Kali</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Potassium; -- so called by the German
chemists.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kal"ki</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.] <def>The name
of Vishnu in his tenth and last avatar.</def>  <i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Kal"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named in honor
of Peter <i>Kalm</i>, a Swedish botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of North American shrubs with poisonous evergreen foliage and corymbs
of showy flowers. Called also <i>mountain laurel</i>, <i>ivy
bush</i>, <i>lamb kill</i>, <i>calico bush</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kal"muck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>pl.</i> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>See <u>Calmucks</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of shaggy cloth, resembling
bearskin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A coarse, dyed, cotton cloth, made in
Prussia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*long"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A fruit bat, esp. the Indian edible fruit bat (<i>Pteropus
edulis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*loy"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caloyer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kal"pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.] <i>(Hind.
Myth.)</i> <def>One of the Brahmanic eons, a period of 4,320,000,000
years. At the end of each Kalpa the world is annihilated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kal"so*mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Calcimine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kam</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Celtic; cf. Gael.,
Ir., &amp; W. <i>cam</i>.  Cf. <u>Jamb</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Crooked; awry.</def> [Obs.] "This is clean <i>kam</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ka"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>k&amacr;ma</i>
love, the god of love.] <def>The Hindoo Cupid. He is represented as a
beautiful youth, with a bow of sugar cane or flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*ma"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
red dusty hairs of the capsules of an East Indian tree (<i>Mallotus
Philippinensis</i>) used for dyeing silk. It is violently emetic, and
is used in the treatment of tapeworm.</def> [Written also
<i>kameela</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kame</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low ridge.</def>
[Scot.] See <u>Eschar</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Ka"mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Japanese.] <def>A
title given to the celestial gods of the first mythical dynasty of
Japan and extended to the demigods of the second dynasty, and then to
the long line of spiritual princes still represented by the
mikado.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka"mi*chi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A curious South American bird (<i>Anhima, or Palamedea,
cornuta</i>), often domesticated by the natives and kept with
poultry, which it defends against birds of prey. It has a long,
slender, hornlike ornament on its head, and two sharp spurs on each
wing. Although its beak, feet, and legs resemble those of
gallinaceous birds, it is related in anatomical characters to the
ducks and geese (<i>Anseres</i>). Called also <i>horned screamer</i>.
The name is sometimes applied also to the chaja. See <u>Chaja</u>,
and <u>Screamer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kamp*tu"li*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to bend
+ &?; material, fr. &?; wood, matter.] <def>A kind of elastic floor
cloth, made of India rubber, gutta-percha, linseed oil, and powdered
cork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kam"py*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bent,
curved, fr. &?; to bend.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of mimetite or
arseniate of lead in hexagonal prisms of a fine orange yellow.</def>
[Written also <i>campylite</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Kam*sin"</hw>, <hw>Kham*sin"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>khams&imacr;n</i>, fr.
<i>khams&umacr;n</i>, oblique case <i>khams&imacr;n</i>, fifty; -- so
called because it blows for about fifty days, from April till June.]
<def>A hot southwesterly wind in Egypt, coming from the Sahara.</def>
[Written also <i>Khamseen</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kam"tscha*dales</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>An aboriginal tribe inhabiting the southern
part of Kamtschatka.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kan</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To know; to
ken.</def> [Obs.] See <u>Ken</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Kan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Khan</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ka*nack"a</hw> (?), <hw>Ka*na"ka</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name, prop., a man.] <def>A native of
the Sandwich Islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kan"chil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>canch&imacr;l</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small chevrotain of
the genus <i>Tragulus</i>, esp. <i>T. pygm&aelig;us</i>, or <i>T.
kanchil</i>, inhabiting Java, Sumatra, and adjacent islands; a
deerlet. It is noted for its agility and cunning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Fluor
spar; -- so called by Cornish miners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kan"ga*roo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be the
native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
jumping marsupials of the family <i>Macropodid&aelig;</i>. They
inhabit Australia, New Guinea, and adjacent islands, They have long
and strong hind legs and a large tail, while the fore legs are
comparatively short and feeble. The giant kangaroo (<i>Macropus
major</i>) is the largest species, sometimes becoming twelve or
fourteen feet in total length. The tree kangaroos, belonging to the
genus <i>Dendrolagus</i>, live in trees; the rock kangaroos, of the
genus <i>Petrogale</i>, inhabit rocky situations; and the brush
kangaroos, of the genus <i>Halmaturus</i>, inhabit wooded districts.
See <u>Wallaby</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 809 !></p>

<p><col><b>Kangaroo apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the edible
fruit of the Tasmanian plant <i>Solanum aviculare</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Kangaroo grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a perennial
Australian forage grass (<i>Anthistiria australis</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Kangaroo hare</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the jerboa
kangaroo. See under <u>Jerboa</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Kangaroo
mouse</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Jumping mouse</i>,
under <u>Jumping</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Kangaroo rat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the potoroo.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Kan"sas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>A tribe of Indians allied to the Winnebagoes and Osages. They
formerly inhabited the region which is now the State of Kansas, but
were removed to the Indian Territory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kant"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Immanuel <i>Kant</i>, the German philosopher; conformed or
relating to any or all of the philosophical doctrines of Immanuel
Kant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kant"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower of Kant;
a Kantist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kant"i*an*ism</hw>, <hw>Kant"ism</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine or theory of Kant; the Kantian
philosophy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kant"ist</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A disciple or follower
of Kant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kant"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Cantred</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ka"o*lin</hw>, <hw>Ka"o*line</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>kao-ling</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
very pure white clay, ordinarily in the form of an impalpable powder,
and used to form the paste of porcelain; China clay; porcelain clay.
It is chiefly derived from the decomposition of common
feldspar.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is now applied to all porcelain clays which endure
the fire without discoloration.</p>

<p><hw>Ka`o*lin`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
process by which feldspar is changed into kaolin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka"o*lin*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convert
into kaolin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ka*pel"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A chapel; hence, the choir or orchestra of a prince's chapel;
now, a musical establishment, usually orchestral.</def>
<i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ka*pell"meis`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See <u>Capellmeister</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka"pi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>The fossil resin of the kauri tree of New
Zealand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kap"no*mar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Capnomor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kar"a*gane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>karagan'</i>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of gray fox found
in Russia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka"ra*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Doctrines of the
Karaites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka"ra*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>q&amacr;r&amacr;</i> to read.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A sect of
Jews who adhere closely to the letter of the Scriptures, rejecting
the oral law, and allowing the Talmud no binding authority; --
opposed to the <i>Rabbinists</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*ra"tas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
West Indian plant of the Pineapple family (<i>Nidularium
Karatas</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Kar"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.] <i>(Buddhism)</i>
<def>One's acts considered as fixing one's lot in the future
existence. <i>(Theos.)</i> The doctrine of fate as the inflexible
result of cause and effect; the theory of inevitable
consequence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kar*ma"thi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a
Mohammedan sect founded in the ninth century by Karmat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Karn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cornish.  Cf.
<u>Cairn</u>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A pile of rocks; sometimes, the
solid rock. See <u>Cairn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka"rob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Carat</u>.]
<def>The twenty-fourth part of a grain; -- a weight used by
goldsmiths.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kar"pho*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; rice
straw + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>carpholithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A fibrous mineral occurring in tufts of a straw-yellow color. It
is a hydrous silicate of alumina and manganese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kar*roo"</hw> (k&adot;r*r&oomac;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Karroos</b></plw> (-r&oomac;z"). <def>One of the
dry table-lands of South Africa, which often rise terracelike to
considerable elevations.</def> [Also <i>karoo</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>The Great Karroo</b></col>, or <col><b>The
Karroo</b></col>, <cd>a vast plateau, in Cape Colony, stretching
through five degrees of longitude, at an elevation of about 3,000
feet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Kar"sten*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Anhydrite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kar"vel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Carvel</u>, and <u>Caravel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kar"y*o*ki*ne`sis</hw>
(k&abreve;r`&ibreve;*&osl;*k&isl;*n&emacr;"s&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ka`ryon</grk> a nut, kernel +
<grk>kinei^n</grk> to move.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The indirect
division of cells in which, prior to division of the cell protoplasm,
complicated changes take place in the nucleus, attended with movement
of the nuclear fibrils; -- opposed to <i>karyostenosis</i>. The
nucleus becomes enlarged and convoluted, and finally the threads are
separated into two groups which ultimately become disconnected and
constitute the <i>daughter nuclei</i>. Called also <i>mitosis</i>.
See <i>Cell development</i>, under <u>Cell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kar`y*o*ki*net"ic</hw> (-n&ebreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
karyokinesis; as, <i>karyokinetic</i> changes of cell
division.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kar`y*om"i*ton</hw> (-&obreve;m"&ibreve;*t&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., Gr. <grk>ka`ryon</grk> a nut +
<grk>mi`tos</grk> a thread.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The reticular
network of fine fibers, of which the <i>nucleus</i> of a cell is in
part composed; -- in opposition to <i>kytomiton</i>, or the network
in the <i>body</i> of the cell.</def>  <i>W. Flemming.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Kar`y*o*plas"ma</hw>
(k&abreve;r`&ibreve;*&osl;*pl&abreve;z"m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ka`ryon</grk> a nut + <grk>pla`sma</grk> a thing
molded.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The protoplasmic substance of the
nucleus of a cell: nucleoplasm; -- in opposition to
<i>kytoplasma</i>, the protoplasm of the cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kar`y*o*ste*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>ka`ryon</grk> a nut, kernel + &?; a being straitened.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Direct cell division (in which there is first a
simple division of the nucleus, without any changes in its structure,
followed by division of the protoplasm of the cell); -- in opposition
to <i>karyokinesis</i>.</def> <BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Kar`y*o*ste*not"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or connected with, karyostenosis;
as, the <i>karyostenotic</i> mode of nuclear division.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*sack"</hw> (k&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Cossack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kat</hw> (k&auml;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An Arabian shrub (<i>Catha edulis</i>) the leaves of which are
used as tea by the Arabs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kat`a*bol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to katabolism; as, <i>katabolic</i> processes,
which give rise to substances (katastates) of decreasing complexity
and increasing stability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*tab"o*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; down +
&?; to throw.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Destructive or downward
metabolism; regressive metamorphism; -- opposed to <i>anabolism</i>.
See <u>Disassimilation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kat"a*state</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. (&?;) down +
(&?;) to cause to stand.] <def>(Physiol.) A substance formed by a
katabolic process; -- opposed to <i>anastate</i>. See
<u>Katabolic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The brambling finch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kath"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
perpendicular line. See <u>Cathetus</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Making
a right angle; perpendicular, as two lines or two sides of a
triangle, which include a right angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kath`e*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Cathetometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kat`ti*mun"doo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
caoutchouc-like substance obtained from the milky juice of the East
Indian <i>Euphorbia Kattimundoo</i>. It is used as a
cement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka"ty*did`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large, green, arboreal, orthopterous insect (<i>Cyrtophyllus
concavus</i>) of the family <i>Locustid&aelig;</i>, common in the
United States. The males have stridulating organs at the bases of the
front wings. During the summer and autumn, in the evening, the males
make a peculiar, loud, shrill sound, resembling the combination
<i>Katy-did</i>, whence the name.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ka"u*ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A lofty coniferous tree of New Zealand <i>Agathis,
or Dammara, australis</i>), furnishing valuable timber and yielding
one kind of dammar resin.</def> [Written also <i>kaudi</i>,
<i>cowdie</i>, and <i>cowrie</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ka"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Polynesian.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of <i>Macropiper</i> (<i>M.
methysticum</i>), the long pepper, from the root of which an
intoxicating beverage is made by the Polynesians, by a process of
mastication; also, the beverage itself.</def> [Written also
<i>kawa</i>, <i>kava</i>, and <i>ava</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ka*vass"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Kavasses</b></plw> (#) [Turk. <i>k&amacr;vv&amacr;s</i>]
<def>An armed constable; also, a government servant or courier.</def>
[Turkey]</p>

<p><hw>Kaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caw</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*wa"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>a
New Zealand tree, the Cypress cedar (<i>Libocedrus Doniana</i>),
having a valuable, fine-grained, reddish wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kawn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inn.</def>
[Turkey] See <u>Khan</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Kay"ak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
light canoe, made of skins stretched over a frame, and usually
capable of carrying but one person, who sits amidships and uses a
double-bladed paddle. It is peculiar to the Eskimos and other Arctic
tribes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kay"ak*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses a
kayak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kay"ko</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The dog salmon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kayles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Akin to Dan.
<i>kegle</i>, Sw. <i>kegla</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>kegel</i>, OHG.
<i>kegil</i>, whence F. <i>quille</i>.] <def>A game; ninepins.</def>
[Prov Eng.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kay"nard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cagnard</i>.]
<def>A lazy or cowardly person; a rascal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kecked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kecking</u>.] [Cf. dial. G. <i>k&ouml;cken</i>,
<i>k&ouml;ken</i>.] <def>To heave or to retch, as in an effort to
vomit.</def> [R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An effort to vomit;
queasiness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Kec"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Keck</u>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Kec"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Keckled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Keckling</u> (?).] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To wind old rope around, as
a cable, to preserve its surface from being fretted, or to wind iron
chains around, to defend from the friction of a rocky bottom, or from
the ice.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kec"kling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Old rope or iron
chains wound around a cable. See <u>Keckle</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Kec"klish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>keck</i>,
<i>keckle</i>.] <def>Inclined to vomit; squeamish.</def> [R.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keck"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Kecksies</b></plw> (-s&ibreve;z). [Properly pl. of
<i>kex</i>. See <u>Kex</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The hollow stalk of
an umbelliferous plant, such as the cow parsnip or the hemlock.</def>
[Written also <i>kex</i>, and in <i>pl</i>., <i>kecks</i>,
<i>kaxes</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing teems<BR>
But hateful docks, rough thistles, <i>kecksies</i>,
burs.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keck"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
kecksy.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kedge</hw> (k&ebreve;j), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Kedged</u> (k&ebreve;jd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Kedging</u>.] [Cf. dial. Sw. <i>keka</i> to tug, to
drag one's self slowly forward; or perh. fr. <i>ked</i>, and
<i>kedge</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, for <i>keg anchor</i>, named from
the <i>keg</i> or cask fastened to the anchor to show where it lies.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To move (a vessel) by carrying out a kedge in a
boat, dropping it overboard, and hauling the vessel up to
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kedge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Kedge</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small anchor used whenever a
large one can be dispensed with. See <u>Kedge</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and <u>Anchor</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Kedg"er</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
small anchor; a kedge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ked"lock</hw> (k&ebreve;d"l&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. dial. G. <i>k&ouml;ddik</i>, <i>k&uuml;dik</i>, <i>kettich</i>,
<i>keek</i>, Dan. <i>kidike</i>, E. <i>charlock</i>, and AS.
<i>cedelc</i> the herb mercury.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Charlock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kee</hw> (k&emacr;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> of Cow. [AS.
<i>c&ymacr;</i>, pl. of <i>c&umacr;</i> cow. See <u>Kine</u>.]
<def>See <u>Kie</u>, <u>Ky</u>, and <u>Kine</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keech</hw> (k&emacr;ch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>keech</i> a cake.] <def>A mass or lump of fat rolled up by the
butcher.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keel</hw> (k&emacr;l), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>c&emacr;lan</i> to cool, fr. <i>c&omacr;l</i> cool. See
<u>Cool</u>.] <def>To cool; to skim or stir.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>While greasy Joan doth <i>keel</i> the
pot.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brewer's cooling vat; a
keelfat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>ce&oacute;l</i>
ship; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>kiel</i> keel, OHG. <i>chiol</i> ship, Icel.
<i>kj&omacr;ll</i>, and perh. to Gr. <grk>gay^los</grk> a round-built
Ph&oelig;nician merchant vessel, <grk>gaylo`s</grk> bucket; cf. Skr.
<i>g&omacr;la</i> ball, round water vessel. But the meaning of the
English word seems to come from Icel. <i>kj&ouml;lr</i> keel, akin to
Sw. <i>k&ouml;l</i>, Dan. <i>kj&ouml;l</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A longitudinal timber, or series of
timbers scarfed together, extending from stem to stern along the
bottom of a vessel. It is the principal timber of the vessel, and, by
means of the ribs attached on each side, supports the vessel's frame.
In an iron vessel, a combination of plates supplies the place of the
keel of a wooden ship. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Keelson</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The whole ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A barge or lighter, used on the Tyne for
carrying coal from Newcastle; also, a barge load of coal, twenty-one
tons, four cwt.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The two lowest petals of the
corolla of a papilionaceous flower, united and inclosing the stamens
and pistil; a carina. See <u>Carina</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>A projecting ridge
along the middle of a flat or curved surface.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bilge keel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a keel peculiar
to ironclad vessels, extending only a portion of the length of the
vessel under the bilges.</cd> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i> --
<col><b>False keel</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>False</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Keel boat</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A covered
freight boat, with a keel, but no sails, used on Western rivers</cd>.
[U. S.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A low, flat-bottomed freight boat.
See <u>Keel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Keel
piece</b></col>, <cd>one of the timbers or sections of which a keel
is composed.</cd> -- <col><b>On even keel</b></col>, <cd>in a level
or horizontal position, so that the draught of water at the stern and
the bow is the same.</cd> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Keeled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Keeling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To traverse with a keel; to
navigate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn up the keel; to show the
bottom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To keel over</b></col>, <cd>to upset; to capsize.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Keel"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>guillage</i>, fr. <i>guille</i> keel; of German or Scand origin.
See 3d <u>Keel</u>.] <def>The right of demanding a duty or toll for a
ship entering a port; also, the duty or toll.</def>  <i>Bouvier.
Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keeled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Keel-shaped; having a longitudinal prominence on
the back; as, a <i>keeled</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a median ridge;
carinate; as, a <i>keeled</i> scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keel"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Keel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One employed in managing a Newcastle keel; --
called also <i>keelman</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small or shallow tub; esp., one used for
holding materials for calking ships, or one used for washing dishes,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keel"fat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Keel</i> to cool
+ <i>fat</i> a large tub, a vat.] <i>(Brewing)</i> <def>A cooler; a
vat for cooling wort, etc.</def> [Written also <i>keelvat</i>.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keel"haul`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Keelhauled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Keelhauling</u>.] [<i>3d keel</i> + <i>haul</i>: cf.
LG. &amp; D. <i>kielhalen</i>, G. <i>kielholen</i>. ] [Written also
<i>keelhale</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To haul under the keel of a
ship, by ropes attached to the yardarms on each side. It was formerly
practiced as a punishment in the Dutch and English navies.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kee"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>keila</i>, Sw. <i>kolja</i>, Dan. <i>kulle</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kee"li*vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael.
<i>cil</i> ruddle.] <def>A pencil of black or red lead; -- called
also <i>keelyvine pen</i>.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keel"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> -
<plw><b>men</b></plw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Keeler</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keel"rake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Keelhaul</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keels</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Ninepins. See
<u>Kayles</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keel"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to Sw.
<i>k&ouml;lsvin</i>, Dan. <i>kj&ouml;lsviin</i>, G.
<i>kielschwein</i>; apparently compounded of the words <i>keel</i>
and <i>swine</i>; but cf. Norweg. <i>kj&ouml;lsvill</i>, where
<i>svill</i> is akin to E. <i>sill</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ]
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A piece of timber in a ship laid on the
middle of the floor timbers over the keel, and binding the floor
timbers to the keel; in iron vessels, a structure of plates, situated
like the keelson of a timber ship.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cross keelson</b></col>, <cd>a similar structure lying
athwart the main keelson, to support the engines and
boilers.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 810 !></p>

<p><hw>Keel"vat`</hw> (k&emacr;l"v&abreve;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Keelfat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keen</hw> (k&emacr;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Keener</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Keenest</u>.] [OE. <i>kene</i> sharp,
bold, AS. <i>c&emacr;ne</i> bold; akin to D. <i>koen</i>, OHG.
<i>kuoni</i>, G. <i>k&uuml;hn</i>, OSw. <i>kyn</i>, <i>k&ouml;n</i>,
Icel. <i>k&aelig;nn</i>, for <i>k&oelig;nn</i> wise; perh. akin to E.
<i>ken</i>, <i>can</i> to be able. &radic;45. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sharp; having a fine edge or point; as, a <i>keen</i> razor, or
a razor with a <i>keen</i> edge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bow he bare and arwes [arrows] bright and
<i>kene</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That my <i>keen</i> knife see not the wound it
makes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acute of mind; sharp; penetrating; having
or expressing mental acuteness; as, a man of <i>keen</i>
understanding; a <i>keen</i> look; <i>keen</i> features.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make our wits more <i>keen</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Before the <i>keen</i> inquiry of her
thought.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bitter; piercing; acrimonious; cutting;
stinging; severe; as, <i>keen</i> satire or sarcasm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good father cardinal, cry thou amen<BR>
To my <i>keen</i> curses.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Piercing; penetrating; cutting; sharp; --
applied to cold, wind, etc.; as, a <i>keen</i> wind; the cold is very
<i>keen</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Breasts the <i>keen</i> air, and carols as he
goes.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Eager; vehement; fierce; as, a <i>keen</i>
appetite.</def> "Of full <i>kene</i> will."  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>keen</i> and greedy to confound a
man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Keen</i> is often used in the composition of words, most
of which are of obvious signification; as, <i>keen</i>-edged,
<i>keen</i>-eyed, <i>keen</i>-sighted, <i>keen</i>-witted, etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prompt; eager; ardent; sharp; acute; cutting;
penetrating; biting; severe; sarcastic; satirical; piercing;
shrewd.</p>

<p><hw>Keen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sharpen; to make
cold.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cold winter <i>keens</i> the brightening
flood.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keen</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>caoine</i>.] <def>A
prolonged wail for a deceased person.  Cf. <u>Coranach</u>.</def>
[Ireland]  <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keen</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wail as a keener
does.</def> [Ireland]</p>

<p><hw>Keen"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A professional
mourner who wails at a funeral.</def> [Ireland]</p>

<p><hw>Keen"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a keen
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keen"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being keen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keep</hw> (k&emacr;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Kept</u> (k&ebreve;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Keeping</u>.] [OE. <i>k&emacr;pen</i>, AS.
<i>c&emacr;pan</i> to keep, regard, desire, await, take, betake; cf.
AS. <i>copenere</i> lover, OE. <i>copnien</i> to desire.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To care; to desire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>kepe</i> not of armes for to yelp
[boast].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold; to restrain from departure or
removal; not to let go of; to retain in one's power or possession;
not to lose; to retain; to detain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If we lose the field,<BR>
We can not <i>keep</i> the town.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That I may know what <i>keeps</i> me here with
you.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If we would weigh and <i>keep</i> in our minds what we
are considering, that would instruct us.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to remain in a given situation or
condition; to maintain unchanged; to hold or preserve in any state or
tenor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His loyalty he <i>kept</i>, his love, his
zeal.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Keep</i> a stiff rein, and move but gently
on.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense it is often used with prepositions and
adverbs, as to <i>keep away</i>, to <i>keep down</i>, to <i>keep
from</i>, to <i>keep in</i>, <i>out</i>, or <i>off</i>, etc. "To
<i>keep off</i> impertinence and solicitation from his superior."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have in custody; to have in some place
for preservation; to take charge of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The crown of Stephanus, first king of Hungary, was
always <i>kept</i> in the castle of Vicegrade.</blockquote>
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To preserve from danger, harm, or loss; to
guard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, I am with thee, and will <i>keep</i>
thee.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxviii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To preserve from discovery or publicity;
not to communicate, reveal, or betray, as a secret.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great are thy virtues . . . though <i>kept</i> from
man.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To attend upon; to have the care of; to
tend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the Lord God took the man, and put him into the
garden of Eden, to dress it and to <i>keep</i> it.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. ii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In her girlish age, she <i>kept</i> sheep on the
moor.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To record transactions, accounts, or
events in; as, to <i>keep</i> books, a journal, etc.; also, to enter
(as accounts, records, etc. ) in a book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To maintain, as an establishment,
institution, or the like; to conduct; to manage; as, to <i>keep</i>
store.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a pedant that <i>keeps</i> a school.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every one of them <i>kept</i> house by
himself.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To supply with necessaries of life; to
entertain; as, to <i>keep</i> boarders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To have in one's service; to have and
maintain, as an assistant, a servant, a mistress, a horse,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>keep</i> but three men and a boy.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To have habitually in stock for
sale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To continue in, as a course or mode of
action; not to intermit or fall from; to hold to; to maintain; as, to
<i>keep</i> silence; to <i>keep</i> one's word; to <i>keep</i>
possession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both day and night did we <i>keep</i>
company.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Within this portal as I <i>kept</i> my
watch.</blockquote> <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>To observe; to adhere to; to fulfill; not
to swerve from or violate; to practice or perform, as duty; not to
neglect; to be faithful to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>kept</i> the faith.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim.
iv. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Him whom to love is to obey, and <i>keep</i><BR>
His great command.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>To confine one's self to; not to quit; to
remain in; as, to <i>keep</i> one's house, room, bed, etc.; hence, to
haunt; to frequent.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis hallowed ground;<BR>
Fairies, and fawns, and satyrs do it <i>keep</i>.</blockquote> <i>J.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>To observe duly, as a festival, etc.; to
celebrate; to solemnize; as, to <i>keep</i> a feast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I went with them to the house of God . . . with a
multitude that <i>kept</i> holyday.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xlii.
4.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To keep at arm's length</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Arm</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To keep
back</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To reserve; to withhold</cd>.
"I will <i>keep</i> nothing <i>back</i> from you." <i>Jer. xlii.
4.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To restrain; to hold back.</cd>
"<i>Keep back</i> thy servant also from presumptuous sins."  <i>Ps.
xix. 13.</i> -- <col><b>To keep company with</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To frequent the society of; to associate
with; as, let youth <i>keep company with</i> the wise and good.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To accompany; to go with; as, to <i>keep
company with</i> one on a voyage; also, to pay court to, or accept
attentions from, with a view to marriage</cd>. [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To keep counsel</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Counsel</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To keep down</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To hold in subjection; to restrain; to
hinder</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <cd>To subdue in
tint or tone, as a portion of a picture, so that the spectator's
attention may not be diverted from the more important parts of the
work.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep good</b></col>  (or
<col><b>bad</b></col>) <col><b>hours</b></col>, <cd>to be customarily
early (or late) in returning home or in retiring to rest.</cd> --
<col><b>To keep house</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To occupy a
separate house or establishment, as with one's family, as
distinguished from <i>boarding</i>; to manage domestic affairs</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Eng. Bankrupt Law)</i> <cd>To seclude one's
self in one's house in order to evade the demands of creditors.</cd>
-- <col><b>To keep one's hand in</b></col>, <cd>to keep in
practice.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep open house</b></col>, <cd>to be
hospitable.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep the peace</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>to avoid or to prevent a breach of the peace.</cd> -- <col><b>To
keep school</b></col>, <cd>to govern, manage and instruct or teach a
school, as a preceptor.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep a stiff upper
lip</b></col>, <cd>to keep up one's courage.</cd> [Slang] --
<col><b>To keep term</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Eng.
Universities)</i> <cd>To reside during a term</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Inns of Court)</i> <cd>To eat a sufficient
number of dinners in hall to make the term count for the purpose of
being called to the bar</cd>. [Eng.] <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i> -- <col><b>To
keep touch</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Touch</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To keep under</b></col>, <cd>to
hold in subjection; hence, to oppress.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep
up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To maintain; to prevent from
falling or diminution; as, to <i>keep up</i> the price of goods; to
<i>keep up</i> one's credit</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
maintain; to continue; to prevent from ceasing</cd>. "In joy, that
which <i>keeps up</i> the action is the desire to continue it."
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To retain; detain; reserve; preserve; hold;
restrain; maintain; sustain; support; withhold. -- To <u>Keep</u>.
<u>Retain</u>, <u>Preserve</u>. <i>Keep</i> is the generic term, and
is often used where <i>retain</i> or <i>preserve</i> would too much
restrict the meaning; as, to <i>keep</i> silence, etc. <i>Retain</i>
denotes that we <i>keep</i> or <i>hold</i> things, as against
influences which might deprive us of them, or reasons which might
lead us to give them up; as, to <i>retain</i> vivacity in old age; to
<i>retain</i> counsel in a lawsuit; to <i>retain</i> one's servant
after a reverse of fortune. <i>Preserve</i> denotes that we keep a
thing against agencies which might lead to its being destroyed or
broken in upon; as, to <i>preserve</i> one's health; to
<i>preserve</i> appearances.</p>

<p><hw>Keep</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To remain in any position or state; to continue; to abide; to
stay; as, to <i>keep</i> at a distance; to <i>keep</i> aloft; to
<i>keep</i> near; to <i>keep</i> in the house; to <i>keep</i> before
or behind; to <i>keep</i> in favor; to <i>keep</i> out of company, or
out reach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To last; to endure; to remain
unimpaired.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the malt be not thoroughly dried, the ale it makes
will not <i>keep</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reside for a time; to lodge; to
dwell.</def> [Now disused except locally or colloquially.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Knock at his study, where, they say, he
<i>keeps</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take care; to be solicitous; to
watch.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Keep</i> that the lusts choke not the word of God
that is in us.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be in session; as, school <i>keeps</i>
to-day.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To keep from</b></col>, <cd>to abstain or refrain
from.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep in with</b></col>, <cd>to keep on good
terms with; as, <i>to keep in with</i> an opponent.</cd> --
<col><b>To keep on</b></col>, <cd>to go forward; to proceed; to
continue to advance.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep to</b></col>, <cd>to
adhere strictly to; not to neglect or deviate from; as, <i>to keep
to</i> old customs; <i>to keep to</i> a rule; <i>to keep to</i> one's
word or promise.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep up</b></col>, <cd>to remain
unsubdued; also, not to be confined to one's bed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Keep</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or office of keeping; custody; guard; care; heed; charge.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pan, thou god of shepherds all,<BR>
Which of our tender lambkins takest <i>keep</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being kept; hence, the
resulting condition; case; as, to be in good <i>keep</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The means or provisions by which one is
kept; maintenance; support; as, the <i>keep</i> of a horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grass equal to the <i>keep</i> of seven
cows.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I performed some services to the college in return for
my <i>keep</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which keeps or protects; a
stronghold; a fortress; a castle; specifically, the strongest and
securest part of a castle, often used as a place of residence by the
lord of the castle, especially during a siege; the donjon. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Castle</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The prison strong,<BR>
Within whose <i>keep</i> the captive knights were laid.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lower chambers of those gloomy
<i>keeps</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I think . . . the <i>keep</i>, or principal part of a
castle, was so called because the lord and his domestic circle
<i>kept</i>, abode, or lived there.</blockquote> <i>M. A.
Lower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is kept in charge; a
charge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Often he used of his <i>keep</i><BR>
A sacrifice to bring.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A cap for retaining
anything, as a journal box, in place.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To take keep</b></col>, <cd>to take care; to heed.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keep"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, keeps; one who, or that which, holds or
has possession of anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who retains in custody; one who has
the care of a prison and the charge of prisoners.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who has the care, custody, or
superintendence of anything; as, the <i>keeper</i> of a park, a
pound, of sheep, of a gate, etc.; the <i>keeper</i> of attached
property;</def> hence, <def>one who saves from harm; a defender; a
preserver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord is thy <i>keeper</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
cxxi. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who remains or keeps in a place or
position.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Discreet; chaste; <i>keepers</i> at home.</blockquote>
<i>Titus ii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A ring, strap, clamp, or any device for
holding an object in place; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The box on a door
jamb into which the bolt of a lock protrudes, when shot.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A ring serving to keep another ring on the
finger. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A loop near the buckle of a strap to
receive the end of the strap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A fruit that keeps well; as, the Roxbury
Russet is a good <i>keeper</i>.</def>  <i> Downing.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Keeper of the forest</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>,
<cd>an officer who had the principal government of all things
relating to the forest.</cd> -- <col><b>Keeper of the great
seal</b></col>, <cd>a high officer of state, who has custody of the
great seal. The office is now united with that of lord
chancellor.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Keeper of the King's
conscience</b></col>, <cd>the lord chancellor; -- a name given when
the chancellor was an ecclesiastic.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Keeper of
the privy seal</b></col> (styled also <i>lord privy seal</i>), <cd>a
high officer of state, through whose hands pass all charters,
pardons, etc., before they come to the great seal. He is a privy
councillor, and was formerly called <i>clerk of the privy
seal</i>.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Keeper of a magnet</b></col>, <cd>a
piece of iron which connects the two poles, for the purpose of
keeping the magnetic power undiminished; an armature.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Keep"er*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
position of a keeper.</def>  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keep"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
holding; restraint; custody; guard; charge; care;
preservation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His happiness is in his own
<i>keeping</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Maintenance; support; provision; feed; as,
the cattle have good <i>keeping</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The work of many hands, which earns my
<i>keeping</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Conformity; congruity; harmony;
consistency; as, these subjects are in <i>keeping</i> with each
other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Harmony or correspondence
between the different parts of a work of art; as, the foreground of
this painting is not in <i>keeping</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Keeping room</b></col>, <cd>a family sitting room.</cd>
[New Eng. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Care; guardianship; custody; possession.</p>

<p><hw>Keep"sake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything kept,
or given to be kept, for the sake of the giver; a token of
friendship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keesh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Kish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keeve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>c&?;f</i>, fr. L.
<i>cupa</i> a tub, cask; also, F. <i>cuve</i>.  Cf. <u>Kive</u>,
<u>Coop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Brewing)</i> <def>A vat or tub
in which the mash is made; a mash tub.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bleaching)</i> <def>A bleaching vat; a
kier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A large vat used in
dressing ores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keeve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Keeved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Keeving</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set in a keeve, or tub,
for fermentation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To heave; to tilt, as a cart.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Keev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Keeve</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Kef"fe-kil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Kiefekil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keg</hw> (k&ebreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Earlier
<i>cag</i>, Icel. <i>kaggi</i>; akin to Sw. <i>kagge</i>.] <def>A
small cask or barrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keil"hau*ite</hw> (k&imacr;l"hou*&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a brownish black
color, related to titanite in form. It consists chiefly of silica,
titanium dioxide, lime, and yttria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Kier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Keit*lo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A black, two-horned, African rhinoceros
(<i>Atelodus keitloa</i>). It has the posterior horn about as long as
the anterior one, or even longer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Keld</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Cavl</u>.]
<def>Having a kell or covering; webbed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kele</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Keel</u> to
cool.] <def>To cool.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kiln.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Kell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A modification of
<i>kale</i>.] <def>A sort of pottage; kale. See <u>Kale</u>, 2.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Caul</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The caul; that which covers or envelops as a
caul; a net; a fold; a film.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll have him cut to the <i>kell</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cocoon or chrysalis of an
insect.</def>  <i> B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ke"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;  tumor + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Applied to a variety of tumor forming
hard, flat, irregular excrescences upon the skin.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A keloid tumor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ke*lot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Celotomy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kelp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly <i>kilpe</i>; of
unknown origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The calcined ashes of
seaweed, -- formerly much used in the manufacture of glass, now used
in the manufacture of iodine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any large blackish
seaweed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Laminaria</i> is the common kelp of Great Britain;
<i>Macrocystis pyrifera</i> and <i>Nereocystis Lutkeana</i> are the
great kelps of the Pacific Ocean.</p>

<p><col><b>Kelp crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a California
spider crab (<i>Epialtus productus</i>), found among seaweeds, which
it resembles in color.</cd> -- <col><b>Kelp salmon</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a serranoid food fish (<i>Serranus
clathratus</i>) of California. See <u>Cabrilla</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Kelp"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small California food fish (<i>Heterostichus rostratus</i>),
living among kelp. The name is also applied to species of the genus
<i>Platyglossus</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kel"pie</hw>, <hw>Kel"py</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Kelpies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. Gael.
<i>cailpeach</i>, <i>calpach</i>, <i>colpach</i>, a heifer, steer,
colt, <i>colpa</i> a cow or horse.] <i>(Scotch Myth.)</i> <def>An
imaginary spirit of the waters, horselike in form, vulgarly believed
to warn, by preternatural noises and lights, those who are to be
drowned.</def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kelp"ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Kelp</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kel"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Keelson</u>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kelt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Kilt</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kelt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>kult</i> quilt.]
<def>Cloth with the nap, generally of native black wool.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kelt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A salmon after
spawning.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Kelt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Celt</u>, one
of Celtic race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. &amp; Ir.
<i>cealt</i> clothes, Gael. <i>cealltair</i> spear, castle, cause,
Prov. E. <i>kilter</i> tool, instrument.  Cf. <u>Kilt</u>.]
<def>Regular order or proper condition.</def> [Written also
<i>kilter</i>.] [>Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If the organs of prayer be out of <i>kelter</i> or out
of tune, how can we pray?</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Kelt"ic</hw> (k&ebreve;lt"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Celtic</u>, <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><! p. 811 !></p>

<p><hw>Kemb</hw> (k&ebreve;m), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Kembed</u> (k&ebreve;md) or <u>Kempt</u>
(k&ebreve;mt; 215); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kembing</u>.] [OE. <i>kemben</i>, AS. <i>cemban</i>, fr.
<i>camb</i> comb.] <def>To comb.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His longe hair was <i>kembed</i> behind his
back.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kem"e*lin</hw> (k&ebreve;m"&esl;*l&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E. <i>kemlin</i>, <i>kimlin</i>,
<i>kimmel</i>, a salting tub, any tub, <i>kembing</i> a brewing tub,
G. <i>kumme</i> bowl, basin, W. <i>cwmman</i> a tub, brewing tub.]
<def>A tub; a brewer's vessel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kemp</hw> (k&ebreve;mp), <hw>Kemp"ty</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Coarse, rough hair in wool or fur, injuring
its quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kem"pe</hw> (k&ebreve;m"p<i>e</i>), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Rough; shaggy.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Kempe</i> hairs."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kemps</hw> (k&ebreve;mps), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The long flower stems of the ribwort
plantain (<i>Plantago Lanceolata</i>).</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kempt</hw> (k&ebreve;mt; 215), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Kemb</u>.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ken</hw> (k&ebreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. from
<i>kennel</i>.] <def>A house; esp., one which is a resort for
thieves.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ken</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kenned</u> (k&ebreve;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Kenning</u>.] [OE. <i>kennen</i> to teach, make
known, know, AS. <i>cennan</i> to make known, proclaim, or rather
from the related Icel. <i>kenna</i> to know; akin to D. &amp; G.
<i>kennen</i> to know, Goth. <i>kannjan</i> to make known; orig., a
causative corresponding to AS. <i>cunnan</i> to know, Goth.
<i>kunnan</i>. &radic;45. See <u>Can</u> to be able, <u>Know</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To know; to understand; to take cognizance
of.</def> [Archaic or Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To recognize; to descry; to discern.</def>
[Archaic or Scot.] "We <i>ken</i> them from afar."
<i>Addison</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is he. I <i>ken</i> the manner of his
gait.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ken</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To look around.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ken</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cognizance; view;
especially, reach of sight or knowledge.</def> "Beyond his
<i>ken</i>."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Above the reach and <i>ken</i> of a mortal
apprehension.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was relief to quit the <i>ken</i><BR>
And the inquiring looks of men.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ken"dal green`</hw> (?), or <hw>Ken"dal</hw>. } <def>A cloth
colored green by dye obtained from the woad-waxen, formerly used by
Flemish weavers at <i>Kendal</i>, in Westmoreland, England.</def>
<i>J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How couldst thou know these men in <i>Kendal green</i>
?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ken"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Channel</u>,
<u>Canal</u>.] <def>The water course of a street; a little canal or
channel; a gutter; also, a puddle.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ken"nel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>kenel</i>,
(assumed) OF. <i>kenil</i>, F. <i>chenil</i>, LL. <i>canile</i>, fr.
L. <i>canis</i> a dog.  Cf. <u>Canine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
house for a dog or for dogs, or for a pack of hounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dog sure, if he could speak, had wit enough to
describe his <i>kennel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pack of hounds, or a collection of
dogs.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The hole of a fox or other beast; a
haunt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ken"nel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>   [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kenneled</u> (?) or <u>Kennelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Kennelling</u>.] <def>To lie or lodge; to
dwell, as a dog or a fox.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dog <i>kenneled</i> in a hollow tree.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ken"nel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put or keep in a
kennel.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ken"nel coal`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Cannel coal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ken"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ken</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Range of
sight.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The limit of vision at sea, being a
distance of about twenty miles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ke"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quine</i> five
winning numbers, fr. L. <i>quini</i> five each, <i>quinque</i> five.
See <u>Five</u>.] <def>A gambling game, a variety of the game of
lotto, played with balls or knobs, numbered, and cards also
numbered.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ken`o*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; new +
E. <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Modified evolution, in which
nonprimitive characters make their appearance in consequence of a
secondary adaptation of the embryo to the peculiar conditions of its
environment; -- distinguished from <i>palingenesis</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>c&aelig;nogenesis</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ken`o*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to kenogenesis; as, <i>kenogenetic</i>
processes.</def> -- <wf>Ken`o*ge*net"ic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ken"spec`kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having so
marked an appearance as easily to be recognized.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Kent" bu"gle</hw> (?). [Probably named after a Duke of
<i>Kent</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A curved bugle, having six finger
keys or stops, by means of which the performer can play upon every
key in the musical scale; -- called also <i>keyed bugle</i>, and
<i>key bugle</i>.</def>  <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ken"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Quintal</u>.]
<i>(Com.)</i> <def>A hundred weight; a quintal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kent"ledge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cant</i>
edge, corner, D. <i>kant</i>. See <u>Cant</u> edge, angle.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Pigs of iron used for ballast.</def> [Written
also <i>kintlidge</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ken*tuck"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
United States.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Kentucky blue grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
valuable pasture and meadow grass (<i>Poa pratensis</i>), found in
both Europe and America. See under <u>Blue grass</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Kentucky coffee tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tall
North American tree (<i>Gymnocladus Canadensis</i>) with bipinnate
leaves. It produces large woody pods containing a few seeds which
have been used as a substitute for coffee. The timber is very
valuable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Keph"a*lin</hw> (k&ebreve;f"&adot;*l&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kefalh`</grk> the head.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>One of a group of nitrogenous phosphorized
principles, supposed by Thudichum to exist in brain tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kept</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Keep</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Kept mistress</b></col>, <cd>a concubine; a woman
supported by a man as his paramour.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ke*ram"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ceramic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ke*ram"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ceramics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker`a*mo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ke`ramos</grk> tile + <i>graph</i> + <i>ic</i>.] <def>Suitable
to be written upon; capable of being written upon, as a slate; --
said especially of a certain kind of globe.</def>
<i>Scudamore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ke*ra"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
kind of long trumpet, used among the Persians.</def> <i>Moore (Encyc.
of Music).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ke*rar"gy*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cerargyrite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"a*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous substance free from phosphorus,
supposed to be present in the brain; a body closely related to
cerebrin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"a*sine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ke`ras</grk> horn.] <def>Resembling horn; horny;
corneous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"a*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ke`ras</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, horn.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>A nitrogenous substance, or mixture of substances, containing
sulphur in a loose state of combination, and forming the chemical
basis of epidermal tissues, such as horn, hair, feathers, and the
like. It is an insoluble substance, and, unlike elastin, is not
dissolved even by gastric or pancreatic juice. By decomposition with
sulphuric acid it yields leucin and tyrosin, as does albumin. Called
also <i>epidermose</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ker`a*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>ke`ras</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, horn + <i>-itis</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the cornea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"a*tode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Keratose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker`a*tog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ke`ras</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, horn + <i>-genous</i>.]
<def>Producing horn; as, the <i>keratogenous</i> membrane within the
horny hoof of the horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ker`a*toi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>ke`ras</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, horn + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Keratosa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"a*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ke`ras</grk>, horn + &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An
instrument for dividing the cornea in operations for
cataract.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ker`a*to*nyx"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ke`ras</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, horn + &?; puncture.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The operation of removing a cataract by thrusting
a needle through the cornea of the eye, and breaking up the opaque
mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"a*to*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ke`ras</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, a horn + &?; a plant.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gorgonian coral having a horny
axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ker`a*to"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>ke`ras</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, a horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of sponges having a skeleton composed of hornlike
fibers. It includes the commercial sponges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"a*tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ke`ras</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, horn.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>A tough, horny animal substance entering into the composition of
the skeleton of sponges, and other invertebrates; -- called also
<i>keratode</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"a*tose`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Containing hornlike fibers or fibers of keratose; belonging to
the Keratosa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ke*rau"no*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
thunderbolt + <i>graph</i>.] <def>A figure or picture impressed by
lightning upon the human body or elsewhere.</def> --
<wf>Ker`au*nog"ra*phy</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Kerb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Curb</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kerb"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Curbstone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"cher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kerchief.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He became . . . white as a
<i>kercher</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ker"chered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered, or
bound round, with a kercher.</def> [Obs.]  <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ker"chief</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Kerchiefs</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>coverchef</i>, OF.
<i>cuevrechief</i>, <i>couvrechef</i>, F. <i>couvrechef</i>, a head
covering, fr. <i>couvrir</i> to cover + OF. <i>chief</i> head, F.
<i>chef</i>. See <u>Cover</u>, <u>Chief</u>, and cf. <u>Curfew</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A square of fine linen worn by women as a
covering for the head; hence, anything similar in form or material,
worn for ornament on other parts of the person; -- mostly used in
compounds; as, nec<i>kerchief</i>; breast<i>kerchief</i>; and later,
hand<i>kerchief</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He might put on a hat, a muffler, and a
<i>kerchief</i>, and so escape.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her black hair strained away<BR>
To a scarlet <i>kerchief</i> caught beneath her chin.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lady who wears a kerchief.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ker"chiefed</hw>, <hw>Ker"chieft</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dressed; hooded; covered; wearing a
kerchief.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kerf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cyrf</i> a cutting
off, fr. <i>ceorfan</i> to cut, carve. See <u>Carve</u>.] <def>A
notch, channel, or slit made in any material by cutting or
sawing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ke"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ke`ras</grk>,
horn.] <def>A compound in which tar or asphaltum combined with animal
or vegetable oils is vulcanized by sulphur, the product closely
resembling rubber; -- used principally as an insulating material in
telegraphy.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kerl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Carl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"mes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. &amp; Per.
<i>girmiz</i>. See <u>Crimson</u>, and cf. <u>Alkermes</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dried bodies of the
females of a scale insect (<i>Coccus ilicis</i>), allied to the
cochineal insect, and found on several species of oak near the
Mediterranean. They are round, about the size of a pea, contain
coloring matter analogous to carmine, and are used in dyeing. They
were anciently thought to be of a vegetable nature, and were used in
medicine.</def> [Written also <i>chermes</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small European evergreen
oak (<i>Quercus coccifera</i>) on which the kermes insect (<i>Coccus
ilicis</i>) feeds.</def>  <i>J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Kermes mineral</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i> <cd>An artificial amorphous trisulphide of antimony; -- so
called on account of its red color</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Med.
Chem.)</i> <cd>A compound of the trioxide and trisulphide of
antimony, used in medicine. This substance occurs in nature as the
mineral <i>kermesite</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ker"messe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Kirmess</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir.
<i>ceatharnach</i>.Cf. <u>Cateran</u>. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
light-armed foot soldier of the ancient militia of Ireland and
Scotland; -- distinguished from <i>gallowglass</i>, and often used as
a term of contempt.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now for our Irish wars;<BR>
We must supplant those rough, rug-headed <i>kerns</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any kind of boor or low-lived
person.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>An idler; a
vagabond.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Type Founding)</i> <def>A
part of the face of a type which projects beyond the body, or
shank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kern</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kerned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kerning</u>. ] <i>(Type Founding)</i> <def>To form with a kern.
See 2d <u>Kern</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Churn</u>. ] <def>A
churn.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Kern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cweorn</i>,
<i>cwyrn</i>. See <u>Quern</u>. ] <def>A hand mill. See
<u>Quern</u>.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kern</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>kern</i> kernel,
grain; akin to E. <i>corn</i>. See <u>Corn</u>, <u>Kernel</u>. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To harden, as corn in ripening.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take the form of kernels; to
granulate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is observed that rain makes the salt
<i>kern</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kerned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i>
<def>Having part of the face projecting beyond the body or shank; --
said of type.</def> "In Roman, <i>f</i> and <i>j</i> are the only
<i>kerned</i> letters."  <i>MacKellar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ker"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>kernel</i>,
<i>kirnel</i>, <i>curnel</i>, AS. <i>cyrnel</i>, fr. <i>corn</i>
grain. See <u>Corn</u>, and cf. <u>Kern</u> to harden.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The essential part of a seed; all that is
within the seed walls; the edible substance contained in the shell of
a nut; hence, anything included in a shell, husk, or integument; as,
the <i>kernel</i> of a nut. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Endocarp</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>' A were as good crack a fusty nut with no
<i>kernel</i></blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A single seed or grain; as, a
<i>kernel</i> of corn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small mass around which other matter is
concreted; a nucleus; a concretion or hard lump in the
flesh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The central, substantial or essential part
of anything; the gist; the core; as, the <i>kernel</i> of an
argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"nel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kerneled</u> (?) or <u>Kernelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Kerneling</u> or <u>Kernelling</u>.] <def>To
harden or ripen into kernels; to produce kernels.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ker"neled</hw>, <hw>Ker"nelled</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a kernel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"nel*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
kernels; resembling kernels; of the nature of kernels.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kern"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Kern</u> a
boor.] <def>Clownish; boorish.</def> [Obs.] "A petty <i>kernish</i>
prince."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ker"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Cerolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"o*sene`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wax.]
<def>An oil used for illuminating purposes, formerly obtained from
the distillation of mineral wax, bituminous shale, etc., and hence
called also <i>coal oil</i>. It is now produced in immense
quantities, chiefly by the distillation and purification of
petroleum. It consists chiefly of several hydrocarbons of the methane
series.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kers</hw>, <hw>Kerse</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Not worth a kers</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cress</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ker"sey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Kerseys</b></plw> (#). [Prob. from the town of <i>Kersey</i>
in Suffolk, Eng.] <def>A kind of coarse, woolen cloth, usually
ribbed, woven from wool of long staple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"sey*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>cassimere</i>, confounded with <i>kersey</i>.] <def>See
<u>Cassimere</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker`sey*nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cassinette</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kerve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To carve.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kerv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A carver.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ke"sar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Kaiser</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kes"lop</hw> (k&ebreve;s"l&obreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>c&emacr;selib</i>, or <i>c&ymacr;slyb</i>, milk curdled; cf.
G. <i>k&auml;selab</i>, <i>k&auml;selippe</i>. See <u>Cheese</u>, and
cf.<u>Cheeselep</u>.] <def>The stomach of a calf, prepared for
rennet.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kess</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To kiss.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer</i></p>

<p><hw>Kest</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Cast</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Kes"trel</hw> (k&ebreve;s"tr&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Castrel</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, slender
European hawk (<i>Falco alaudarius</i>), allied to the sparrow hawk.
Its color is reddish fawn, streaked and spotted with white and black.
Also called <i>windhover</i> and <i>stannel</i>. The name is also
applied to other allied species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is often used in contempt, as of a mean kind of
hawk. "Kites and <i>kestrels</i> have a resemblance with hawks."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ket</hw> (k&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>kj&ouml;t</i> flesh; akin to Sw. <i>k&ouml;tt</i>, Dan.
<i>kj&ouml;d</i>.] <def>Carrion; any filth.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ketch</hw> (k&ebreve;ch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob.
corrupted fr. Turk. <i>q&amacr;&imacr;q</i> : cf. F. <i>caiche</i>.
Cf. <u>Ca&iuml;que</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An almost obsolete form
of vessel, with a mainmast and a mizzenmast, -- usually from one
hundred to two hundred and fifty tons burden.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bomb ketch</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bomb</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ketch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hangman. See <u>Jack
Ketch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ketch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Catch</u>.]
<def>To catch.</def> [Now obs. in spelling, and colloq. in
pronunciation.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>ketch</i> him at a vantage in his
snares.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ketch"up</hw> (-&ubreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sauce.
See <u>Catchup</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ke"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ketone</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a series of organic bases obtained by the
reduction of certain isonitroso compounds of the ketones. In general
they are unstable oily substances having a pungent aromatic
odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ket`mie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The name of certain African species of <i>Hibiscus</i>,
cultivated for the acid of their mucilage.</def> [Written also
<i>ketmia</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ke"tol</hw> (k&emacr;"t&omacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Ket</i>one + ind<i>ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a series
of series of complex nitrogenous substances, represented by methyl
ketol and related to indol.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Methyl ketol</b></col>, <cd>a weak organic base, obtained
as a white crystalline substance having the odor of
f&aelig;ces.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ke"tone</hw> (k&emacr;"t&omacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Acetone</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a large class of organic
substances resembling the aldehydes, obtained by the distillation of
certain salts of organic acids and consisting of carbonyl (CO) united
with two hydrocarbon radicals. In general the ketones are colorless
volatile liquids having a pungent ethereal odor.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ketones are named by adding the suffix-<i>one</i> to
the stems of the organic acids from which they are respectively
derived; thus, <i>acetic</i> acid gives acetone; <i>butyric</i> acid,
<i>butyrone</i>, etc.</p>

<p><! p. 812 !></p>

<p><hw>Ke*ton"ic</hw> (k&esl;*t&obreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived
from, a ketone; as, a <i>ketonic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ket"tle</hw> (k&ebreve;t"t'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>ketel</i>; cf. AS. <i>cetel</i>, <i>cetil</i>, <i>cytel</i>; akin
to D. <i>kjedel</i>, G. <i>kessel</i>, OHG. <i>chezzil</i>, Icel.
<i>ketill</i>, SW. <i>kittel</i>, Dan. <i>kjedel</i>, Goth.
<i>katils</i>; all perh. fr. L. <i>catillus</i>, dim. of
<i>catinus</i> a deep vessel, bowl; but cf. also OHG.
<i>chezz&imacr;</i> kettle, Icel. <i>kati</i> small ship.] <def>A
metallic vessel, with a wide mouth, often without a cover, used for
heating and boiling water or other liguids.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Kettle pins</b></col>, <cd>ninepins; skittles.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shelton.</i> -- <col><b>Kettle stitch</b></col>
<i>(Bookbinding)</i>, <cd>the stitch made in sewing at the head and
tail of a book.</cd> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ket"tle*drum`</hw> (-dr&ubreve;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A drum made of thin copper in
the form of a hemispherical kettle, with parchment stretched over the
mouth of it.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Kettledrums</i>, in pairs, were formerly used in martial
music for cavalry, but are now chiefly confined to orchestras, where
they are called <i>tympani</i>.
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An informal social party at which a light
collation is offered, held in the afternoon or early evening.  Cf.
<u>Drum</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4 and 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ket"tle*drum`mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
plays on a kettledrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Keu"per</hw> (koi"p&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The upper division of the European Triassic. See
<i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kev"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>kevil</i>,
<i>cavel</i>, rod, pole, a large hammer, horse's bit; cf. Icel.
<i>kefli</i> cylinder, a stick, mangle, and Dan. <i>kievle</i> a
roller.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A strong cleat to
which large ropes are belayed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stone mason's hammer.</def> [Written
also <i>cavil</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Kevel head</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a projecting end
of a timber, used as a kevel.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kev"el</hw>, <hw>Kev"in</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The gazelle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
cover.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kev"er*chief</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
kerchief.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>cecys</i>, pl.,
hollow stalks.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A weed; a kecksy.</def>
<i>Bp. Gauden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though the rough <i>kex</i> break<BR>
The starred mosaic.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dry husk or covering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the <i>kex</i>, or husk, is broken, he proveth a
fair flying butterfly.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Key</hw> (k&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>keye</i>,
<i>key</i>, <i>kay</i>, AS. <i>c&aelig;g</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument by means of which the bolt of a lock is shot or
drawn; usually, a removable metal instrument fitted to the mechanism
of a particular lock and operated by turning in its place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument which is turned like a key
in fastening or adjusting any mechanism; as, a watch <i>key</i>; a
bed <i>key</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That part of an instrument or machine
which serves as the means of operating it; as, a telegraph
<i>key</i>; the <i>keys</i> of a pianoforte, or of a
typewriter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A position or condition which affords
entrance, control, pr possession, etc.; as, the <i>key</i> of a line
of defense; the <i>key</i> of a country; the <i>key</i> of a
political situation. Hence, that which serves to unlock, open,
discover, or solve something unknown or difficult; as, the <i>key</i>
to a riddle; the <i>key</i> to a problem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who are accustomed to reason have got the true
<i>key</i> of books.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who keeps the <i>keys</i> of all the
creeds.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That part of a mechanism which serves to
lock up, make fast, or adjust to position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A piece
of wood used as a wedge.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The last
board of a floor when laid down.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
keystone.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That part of the plastering
which is forced through between the laths and holds the rest in
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A wedge
to unite two or more pieces, or adjust their relative position; a
cotter; a forelock.</def> See <i>Illusts</i>. of <u>Cotter</u>, and
<u>Gib</u>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A bar, pin or wedge, to secure a
crank, pulley, coupling, etc., upon a shaft, and prevent relative
turning; sometimes holding by friction alone, but more frequently by
its resistance to shearing, being usually embedded partly in the
shaft and partly in the crank, pulley, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An indehiscent, one-seeded
fruit furnished with a wing, as the fruit of the ash and maple; a
samara; -- called also <i>key fruit</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
family of tones whose regular members are called diatonic tones, and
named key tone  (or tonic) or one (or eight), mediant or three,
dominant or five, subdominant or four, submediant or six, supertonic
or two, and subtonic or seven. Chromatic tones are temporary members
of a key, under such names as " sharp four, " "flat seven," etc.
Scales and tunes of every variety are made from the tones of a
key.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The fundamental tone of a
movement to which its modulations are referred, and with which it
generally begins and ends; keynote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both warbling of one song, both in one
<i>key</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Fig: The general pitch or tone of a
sentence or utterance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You fall at once into a lower <i>key</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Key bed</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Key seat</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Key bolt</b></col>, <cd>a bolt which has a mortise near the
end, and is secured by a cotter or wedge instead of a nut.</cd>
<col><b>Key bugle</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Kent bugle</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Key of a position</b></col> or <col><b>country.</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>See <u>Key</u>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Key
seat</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a bed or groove to receive a key
which prevents one part from turning on the other.</cd> --
<col><b>Key way</b></col>, <cd>a channel for a key, in the hole of a
piece which is keyed to a shaft; an internal key seat; -- called also
<i>key seat</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Key wrench</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>an adjustable wrench in which the movable jaw is made fast by a
key.</cd> -- <col><b>Power of the keys</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>,
<cd>the authority claimed by the ministry in some Christian churches
to administer the discipline of the church, and to grant or withhold
its privileges; -- so called from the declaration of Christ, "I will
give unto thee the <i>keys</i> of the kingdom of heaven."</cd>
<i>Matt. xvi. 19.</i></p>

<p><hw>Key</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Keved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Keying</u>.] <def>To fasten or secure firmly; to fasten or tighten
with keys or wedges.</def>  <i>Francis.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To key up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<cd>To raise (the whole ring of an arch) off its centering, by
driving in the keystone forcibly</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>To raise the pitch of</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>Hence, fig., to produce nervous tension in.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Key"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>caiage</i>, F.
<i>guayage</i>. See lst <u>Key</u>, <u>Quay</u>.] <def>Wharfage;
quayage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Key"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The whole
arrangement, or one range, of the keys of an organ, typewriter,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Key"-cold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cold as a
metallic key; lifeless.</def> [Formerly, a proverbial expression.]
<i>Shak.</i>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Keyed</hw> (k&emacr;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished
with keys; as, a <i>keyed</i> instrument; also, set to a key, as a
tune.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Keyed bugle</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Kent bugle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Key"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A hole or apertupe in a door or lock, for receiving a
key.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A hole
or excavation in beams intended to be joined together, to receive the
key which fastens them.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>a mortise for a key or cotter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Keyhole limpet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a marine
gastropod of the genus Fissurella and allied genera. See
<u>Fissurella</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Keyhole saw</b></col>, <cd>a
narrow, slender saw, used in cutting keyholes, etc., as in doors; a
kind of compass saw or fret saw.</cd> -- <col><b>Keyhole
urchin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous
clypeastroid sea urchins, of the genera <i>Melitta</i>,
<i>Rotula</i>, and <i>Encope</i>; -- so called because they have one
or more perforations resembling keyholes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Key"note`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The tonic or first tone of the scale in which a
piece or passage is written; the fundamental tone of the chord, to
which all the modulations of the piece are referred; -- called also
<i>key tone</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fundamental fact or idea; that which
gives the key; as, the <i>keynote</i> of a policy or a
sermon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Key"seat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form a key
seat, as by cutting. See <i>Key seat</i>, under <u>Key</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Key"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The central or topmost stone of an arch. This in some styles is
made different in size from the other voussoirs, or projects, or is
decorated with carving. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Arch</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Keystone State</b></col>, <cd>the State of Pennsylvania; -
- so called from its having been the central State of the Union at
the formation of the Constitution.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Key" tone`</hw> (?). <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See
<u>Keynote</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Key"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Key
way</i>, under <u>Key</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kha"liff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Caliph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kham*sin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Kamsin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Khan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pers. &amp; Tart.
<i>kh</i>&amacr;<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [Also <i>kan</i>, <i>kaun</i>.]
<def>A king; a prince; a chief; a governor; -- so called among the
Tartars, Turks, and Persians, and in countries now or formerly
governed by them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Khan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>kh&amacr;n</i>,
<i>kh&amacr;nah</i>, house, tent, inn.] <def>An Eastern inn or
caravansary.</def> [Written also <i>kawn</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Khan*ate</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dominion or
jurisdiction of a khan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kha"ya</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
lofty West African tree (<i>Khaya Senegalensis</i>), related to the
mahogany, which it resembles in the quality of the wood. The bark is
used as a febrifuge.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Khe`dive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>kh&eacute;dive</i>, Pers. <i>khediw</i> a prince.] <def>A governor
or viceroy; -- a title granted in 1867 by the sultan of Turkey to the
ruler of Egypt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Khen"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Henna</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kho"lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Indian jackal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Khol"sun</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The dhole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Khut"bah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.] <def>An address
or public prayer read from the steps of the pulpit in Mohammedan
mosques, offering glory to God, praising Mohammed and his
descendants, and the ruling princes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki`a*boo"ca wood`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Kyaboca
wood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki*ang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The dziggetai.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kib"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bruise; to
grind coarsely; as, <i>kibbled</i> oats.</def> [Prov.Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large iron bucket
used in Cornwall and Wales for raising ore out of mines.</def> [Prov.
Eng.] [Written also <i>kibbal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kib"blings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Portions of
small fish used for bait on the banks of Newfoundland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kibe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>cib + gwst</i>
pain, sickness.] <def>A chap or crack in the flesh occasioned by
cold; an ulcerated chilblain.</def> "He galls his <i>kibe</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kibed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Chapped; cracked
with cold; affected with chilblains; as, <i>kibed</i> heels.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ki*bit"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Kibitkas</b></plw> (&?;). [Russ.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
tent used by the Kirghiz Tartars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rude kind of Russian vehicle, on wheels
or on runners, sometimes covered with cloth or leather, and often
used as a movable habitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kib"lah</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Keblah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kib"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
kibes.</def>  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kich"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Kechil</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kick</hw> (k&ibreve;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Kicked</u> (k&ibreve;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Kicking</u>.] [W. <i>cicio</i>, fr. <i>cic</i> foot.]
<def>To strike, thrust, or hit violently with the foot; as, a horse
<i>kicks</i> a groom; a man <i>kicks</i> a dog.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Frederick the Great] <i>kicked</i> the shins of
his judges.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To kick the beam</b></col>, <cd>to fit up and strike the
beam; -- said of the lighter arm of a loaded balance; hence, to be
found wanting in weight.</cd> <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>To kick the
bucket</b></col>, <cd>to lose one's life; to die.</cd> [Colloq. &
Low]</p>

<p><hw>Kick</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
thrust out the foot or feet with violence; to strike out with the
foot or feet, as in defense or in bad temper; esp., to strike
backward, as a horse does, or to have a habit of doing so. Hence,
figuratively: To show ugly resistance, opposition, or hostility; to
spurn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I should <i>kick</i>, being kicked.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To recoil; -- said of a musket, cannon,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blow
with the foot or feet; a striking or thrust with the foot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>kick</i>, that scarce would move a horse,<BR>
May kill a sound divine.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The projection on the tang of the blade of
a pocket knife, which prevents the edge of the blade from striking
the spring. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Pocketknife</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Brickmaking)</i> <def>A projection in a
mold, to form a depression in the surface of the brick.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The recoil of a musket or other firearm,
when discharged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kick"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable or
deserving of being kicked.</def> "A <i>kickable</i> boy."  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kick`a*poos"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Kickapoo</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe
of Indians which formerly occupied the region of Northern Illinois,
allied in language to the Sacs and Foxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kick"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, kicks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kick"shaw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Kickshaws</u>, the correct singular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kick"shaws`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Kickshawses</b></plw> (#) [Corrupt. fr. F. <i>quelque
chose</i> something, fr. L. <i>qualis</i> of what kind (akin to E.
<i>which</i>) + <i>suffix</i> <i>-guam</i> + <i>causa</i> cause, in
LL., a thing. See <u>Which</u>, and <u>Cause</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something fantastical; any trifling, trumpery thing; a
toy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Art thou good at these
<i>kickshawses</i>!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fancy dish; a titbit; a
delicacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some pigeons, . . . a joint of mutton, and any pretty
little tiny <i>kickshaws</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cressy was lost by <i>kickshaws</i> and soup-
maigre.</blockquote> <i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kick"shoe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
kickshaws.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kick"sy-wick`sy</hw> (?), <hw>Kick"y-wisk`y</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is restless and
uneasy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Kicky-wicky</i>, or, in some editions, <i>Kicksy-
wicksy</i>, is applied contemptuously to a wife by Shakespeare, in
"All's Well that Ends Well," ii. 3, 297.</p>

<p><hw>Kick"sy-wick`sy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fantastic;
restless; as, <i>kicksy-wicksy</i> flames.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kick"up</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The water thrush or accentor.</def> [Local, West Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Kid</hw> (k&ibreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin;
cf. Icel. <i>ki&eth;</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>kid</i>; akin to OHG.
<i>kizzi</i>, G. <i>kitz</i>, <i>kitz</i>chen, <i>kitz</i>lein.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young goat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . leopard shall lie down with the
<i>kid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is. xi. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young child or infant; hence, a simple
person, easily imposed on.</def> [Slang]  <i>Charles Reade.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of leather made of the skin of the
young goat, or of the skin of rats, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Gloves made of kid.</def>
[Colloq. &amp; Low]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A small wooden mess tub; -- a name given
by sailors to one in which they receive their food.</def>
<i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kid</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kidded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kidding</u>.] <def>To bring forth a young goat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>cidysen</i>.] <def>A
fagot; a bundle of heath and furze.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kid</hw>, <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>of <u>Kythe</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kid</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Kiddy</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Kid"de</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Kythe</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kid"der*min`ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
ingrain carpeting, named from the English town where formerly most of
it was manufactured.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kid"di*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OSw. <i>kyta</i>
to truck.] <def>A huckster; a cadger.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kid"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>kidellus</i>, Armor. <i>ki&amacr;el</i>] <def>A kind of basketwork
wear in a river, for catching fish.</def> [Improperly spelled
<i>kittle</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kid"dow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The guillemot.</def> [Written also <i>kiddaw</i>.] [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Kid"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deceive; to
outwit; to hoax.</def> [Slang]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kid"dy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young fellow;
formerly, a low thief.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Kid"dy*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Frolicsome;
sportive.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Kid" fox`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young
fox.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kid"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Kid</i> + <i>-
ling</i>: cf. Sw. <i>kidling</i>.] <def>A young kid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kid"nap`</hw> (k&ibreve;d"n&abreve;p`), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Kidnaped</u> (-
n&abreve;pt`) or <u>Kidnapped</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kidnaping</u> or <u>Kidnapping</u>.] [<i>Kid</i> a child + Prov.
E. <i>nap</i> to seize, to grasp.  Cf. <u>Knab</u>, <u>Knap</u>,
<u>Nab</u>.] <def>To take (any one) by force or fear, and against
one's will, with intent to carry to another place.</def>
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You may reason or expostulate with the parents, but
never attempt to <i>kidnap</i> their children, and to make proselytes
of them.</blockquote> <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Originally used only of stealing children, but now extended
in application to any human being, involuntarily abducted.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Kid"nap`er</hw> (?), or <hw>Kid"nap`per</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who steals or forcibly carries away a
human being; a manstealer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kid"ney</hw> (k&ibreve;d"n&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Kidneys</b></plw> (-n&ibreve;z).  [OE.
<i>kidnei</i>, <i>kidnere</i>, from Icel. <i>koi&eth;r</i> belly,
womb (akin to Goth. <i>gipus</i>, AS. <i>cwi&thorn;</i> womb) + OE.
<i>nere</i> kidney; akin to D. <i>nier</i>, G. <i>niere</i>, OHG.
<i>nioro</i>, Icel. <i>n&ymacr;ra</i>, Dan. <i>nyre</i>, Sw.
<i>njure</i>, and probably to Gr. <grk>nefro`s</grk> Cf. <u>Kite</u>
belly.]</p>

<p><! p. 813 !></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A glandular organ which
excretes urea and other waste products from the animal body; a
urinary gland.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In man and in other mammals there are two kidneys, one on
each side of vertebral column in the back part of the abdomen, each
kidney being connected with the bladder by a long tube, the ureter,
through which the urine is constantly excreted into the bladder to be
periodically discharged.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Habit; disposition; sort; kind.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are in later times other decrees, made by popes
of another <i>kidney</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Millions in the world of this man's
<i>kidney</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your poets, spendthrifts, and other fools of that
<i>kidney</i>, pretend, forsooth, to crack their jokes on
prudence.</blockquote> <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This use of the word perhaps arose from the fact that the
<i>kidneys</i> and the fat about them are an easy test of the
condition of an animal as to fatness. "Think of that, -- a man of my
<i>kidney</i>; -- . . . as subject to heat as butter."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A waiter.</def> [Old Cant]
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Floating kidney</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Wandering
kidney</i>, under <u>Wandering</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Kidney
bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a sort of bean; -- so named from
its shape. It is of the genus <i>Phaseolus</i> (<i>P. vulgaris</i>).
See under <u>Bean</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Kidney ore</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of hematite or iron sesquioxide,
occurring in compact kidney-shaped masses.</cd> -- <col><b>Kidney
stone</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See <u>Nephrite</u>, and
<u>Jade</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Kidney vetch</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a leguminous herb of Europe and Asia (<i>Anthyllis
vulneraria</i>), with cloverlike heads of red or yellow flowers, once
used as a remedy for renal disorders, and also to stop the flow of
blood from wounds; lady's-fingers.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kid"ney-form`</hw> (?), <hw>Kid"ney-shaped`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form or shape of a kidney;
reniform; as, a <i>kidney-shaped</i> leaf.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kid"ney*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of saxifrage <i>(Saxifrage
stellaris)</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
navelwort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Kee</u>.]
<def>Kine; cows.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kie"fe*kil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>keff</i>
foam, scum + <i>gil</i> clay, mud.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A species of
clay; meerschaum.</def> [Also written <i>keffekil</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>ker</i> a tub.]
<i>(Bleaching)</i> <def>A large tub or vat in which goods are
subjected to the action of hot lye or bleaching liquor; -- also
called <i>keeve</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kie"sel*guhr`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>kiesel</i> flint + <i>guhr</i> an earthy deposit or sediment in
water.] <def>Siliceous earth; specifically, porous infusorial earth,
used as an absorbent of nitroglycerin in the manufacture of
dynamite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kie"ser*ite</hw> (?). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Prof.
<i>Kieser</i>, of Jena.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Hydrous sulphate of
magnesia found at the salt mines of Stassfurt, Prussian
Saxony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kieve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Keeve</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Kike</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>kijken</i>,
Sw. <i>kika</i>.] <def>To gaze; to stare.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kike</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
kick.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kil"der*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OD.
<i>kindeken</i>, <i>kinneken</i>, a small barrel, orig., a little
child, fr. <i>kind</i> child; akin to G. <i>kind</i>, and to E.
<i>kin</i>.] <def>A small barrel; an old liquid measure containing
eighteen English beer gallons, or nearly twenty-two gallons, United
States measure.</def> [Written also <i>kinderkin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kiln.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>kil</i>.] <def>A
channel or arm of the sea; a river; a stream; as, the channel between
Staten Island and Bergen Neck is the <i>Kill</i> van Kull, or the
<i>Kills</i>; -- used also in composition; as, Schuyl<i>kill</i>,
Cats<i>kill</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Killed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Killing</u>.] [OE. <i>killen</i>, <i>kellen</i>, <i>cullen</i>, to
kill, strike; perh. the same word as <i>cwellen</i>, <i>quellen</i>,
to kill (cf. <u>Quell</u>), or perh. rather akin to Icel.
<i>kolla</i> to hit in the head, harm, <i>kollr</i> top, summit,
head, Sw. <i>kulle</i>, D. <i>kollen</i> to kill with the ax.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of life, animal or vegetable, in
any manner or by any means; to render inanimate; to put to death; to
slay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ah, <i>kill</i> me with thy weapon, not with words
!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To destroy; to ruin; as, to <i>kill</i>
one's chances; to <i>kill</i> the sale of a book.</def> "To
<i>kill</i> thine honor."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her lively color <i>kill'd</i> with deadly
cares.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to cease; to quell; to calm; to
still; as, in seamen's language, a shower of rain <i>kills</i> the
wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be comforted, good madam; the great rage,<BR>
You see, is <i>killed</i> in him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the effect of; to counteract;
to neutralize; as, alkali <i>kills</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To kill time</b></col>, <cd>to busy one's self with
something which occupies the attention, or makes the time pass
without tediousness.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To murder; assassinate; slay; butcher; destroy. --
To <u>Kill</u>, <u>Murder</u>, <u>Assassinate</u>. To <i>kill</i>
does not necessarily mean any more than to deprive of life. A man may
<i>kill</i> another by accident or in self-defense, without the
imputation of guilt. To <i>murder</i> is to kill with malicious
forethought and intention. To <i>assassinate</i> is to <i>murder</i>
suddenly and by stealth. The sheriff may <i>kill</i> without
<i>murdering</i>; the duelist <i>murders</i>, but does not
<i>assassinate</i> his antagonist; the assassin <i>kills</i> and
<i>murders</i>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Kill"dee`</hw> (?), <hw>Kill"deer`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from its notes.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small American plover (<i>&AElig;gialitis
vocifera</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is dark grayish brown above; the rump and upper tail
coverts are yellowish rufous; the belly, throat, and a line over the
eyes, white; a ring round the neck and band across the breast,
black.</p>

<p><hw>Kill"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who deprives of life; one who, or that which,
kills.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A voracious, toothed
whale of the genus <i>Orca</i>, of which several species are
known.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>killers</i> have a high dorsal fin, and powerful
jaws armed with large, sharp teeth. They capture, and swallow entire,
large numbers of seals, porpoises, and dolphins, and are celebrated
for their savage, combined attacks upon the right whales, which they
are said to mutilate and kill. The common Atlantic species (<i>Orca
gladiator</i>), is found both on the European and the American coast.
Two species (<i>Orca ater</i> and <i>O. rectipinna</i>) <i>occur on
the Pacific coast</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Kil*lesse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Coulisse</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A gutter,
groove, or channel.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A hipped
roof.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kil"li*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several small American
cyprinodont fishes of the genus <i>Fundulus</i> and allied genera.
They live equally well in fresh and brackish water, or even in the
sea. They are usually striped or barred with black. Called also
<i>minnow</i>, and <i>brook fish</i>. See <u>Minnow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kil"li*grew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Cornish chough. See under <u>Chough</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Kil`li*ki*nick"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Kinnikinic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kill"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Literally, that
kills; having power to kill; fatal; in a colloquial sense,
conquering; captivating; irresistible.</def> -- <wf>Kill"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Those eyes are made so <i>killing</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing could be more <i>killingly</i>
spoken.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kill"-joy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who causes
gloom or grief; a dispiriting person.</def>  <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kil"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot.
<i>killick</i> "the flue [fluke] of an anchor." <i>Jamieson.</i>]
<def>A small anchor; also, a kind of anchor formed by a stone
inclosed by pieces of wood fastened together.</def> [Written also
<i>killick</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kil"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>kollow</i>
the smut or grime on the backs of chimneys.] <def>An earth of a
blackish or deep blue color.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kiln</hw> (k&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>kilne</i>, <i>kulne</i>, AS. <i>cyln</i>, <i>cylen</i>; akin to
Icel. <i>kylna</i>; prob. from the same source as <i>coal</i>. See
<u>Coal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large stove or oven; a
furnace of brick or stone, or a heated chamber, for the purpose of
hardening, burning, or drying anything; as, a <i>kiln</i> for baking
or hardening earthen vessels; a <i>kiln</i> for drying grain, meal,
lumber, etc.; a <i>kiln</i> for calcining limestone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A furnace for burning bricks; a
brickkiln.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kiln"-dry`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dry in a
kiln; as, to <i>kiln-dry</i> meal or grain.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kiln"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mouth or
opening of an oven or kiln.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ki"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Kilos</b></plw> (#). [F.] <def>An abbreviation of
<u>Kilogram</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kil"o*gram</hw> (?), <hw>Kil"o*gramme</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>kilogramme</i>; pref. <i>kilo-</i> (fr.
Gr. <grk>chi`lioi</grk> a thousand ) + <i>gramme.</i> See 3d
<u>Gram</u>.] <def>A measure of weight, being a thousand grams, equal
to 2.2046 pounds avoirdupois (15,432.34 grains). It is equal to the
weight of a cubic decimeter of distilled water at the temperature of
maximum density, or 39&deg; Fahrenheit.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kil"o*gram*me`ter</hw> (?), <hw>Kil"o*gram*me`tre</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A measure of energy or work
done, being the amount expended in raising one kilogram through the
height of one meter, in the latitude of Paris.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kil"o*li`ter</hw> (?), <hw>Kil"o*li`tre</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>kilolitre</i>. See <u>Kilogram</u>, and
<u>Liter</u>.] <def>A measure of capacity equal to a cubic meter, or
a thousand liters. It is equivalent to 35.315 cubic feet, and to
220.04 imperial gallons, or 264.18 American gallons of 321 cubic
inches.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kil"o*me`ter</hw> (?), <hw>Kil"o*me`tre</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>kilometre</i>. See <u>Kilogram</u>, and
<u>Meter</u>.] <def>A measure of length, being a thousand meters. It
is equal to 3,280.8 feet, or .62137 of a mile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kil"o*stere`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>kilostere</i>. See <u>Kilogram</u>, and <u>Stere</u>.] <def>A
cubic measure containing 1000 cubic meters, and equivalent to 35,315
cubic feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kil"o*watt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Kilogram</u>
and <u>Watt</u>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>One thousand watts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kilt</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> from
<u>Kill</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kilt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OGael. <i>cealt</i> clothes,
or rather perh. fr. Dan. <i>kilte op</i> to truss, tie up, tuck up.]
<def>A kind of short petticoat, reaching from the waist to the knees,
worn in the Highlands of Scotland by men, and in the Lowlands by
young boys; a filibeg.</def> [Written also <i>kelt</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kilt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kilted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kilting</u>.] <def>To tuck up; to truss up, as the clothes.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kilt"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having on a kilt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plaited after the manner of
kilting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tucked or fastened up; -- said of
petticoats, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kil"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Kelter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kilt"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Dressmaking)</i>
<def>A perpendicular arrangement of flat, single plaits, each plait
being folded so as to cover half the breadth of the preceding
one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kim"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Akimbo</u>.]
<def>Crooked; arched; bent.</def> [Written also <i>kimbow</i>.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kim*me"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cimmerian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kim"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tub. See
<u>Kemelin</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She knew not what a <i>kimnel</i> was</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kim"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cymry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-kin</hw> (-k&ibreve;n). [Of Low German origin; cf. G. <i>-
chen</i>, LG. -- <i>ken</i>.] <def>A diminutive suffix; as,
mani<i>kin</i>; lamb<i>kin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kin</hw> (k&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A primitive Chinese instrument of the cittern kind, with from
five to twenty-five silken strings.</def>  <i>Riemann.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>kin</i>, <i>cun</i>,
AS. <i>cynn</i> kin, kind, race, people; akin to <i>cennan</i> to
beget, D. <i>kunne</i> sex, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>kunni</i> kin, race, Icel.
<i>kyn</i>, Goth. <i>kuni</i>, G. &amp; D. <i>kind</i> a child, L.
<i>genus</i> kind, race, L. <i>gignere</i> to beget, Gr.
<grk>gi`gnesqai</grk> to be born, Skr. <i>jan</i> to beget.
&radic;44.  Cf. <u>Kind</u>, <u>King</u>, <u>Gender</u> kind,
<u>Nation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relationship, consanguinity,
or affinity; connection by birth or marriage; kindred; near
connection or alliance, as of those having common descent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relatives; persons of the same family or
race.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The father, mother, and the <i>kin</i>
beside.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You are of <i>kin</i>, and so a friend to their
persons.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kin</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the same nature or
kind; kinder.</def> "<i>Kin</i> to the king."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kin`&aelig;*sod"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Kinesodic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kin`&aelig;s*the"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>kinei^n</grk> to move + &?; perception.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The perception attendant upon the movements of
the muscles.</def>  <i>Bastian.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ki"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>kinate</i>.
] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Quinate</u>.</def> [Obsolescent]</p>

<p><hw>Kin"cob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>India silk
brocaded with flowers in silver or gold.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of kincob; brocaded.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kind</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Kinder</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Kindest</u>.] [AS.
<i>cynde</i>, <i>gecynde</i>, natural, innate, prop. an old p. p.
from the root of E. <i>kin</i>. See <u>Kin</u> kindred.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of the species; belonging to
one's nature; natural; native.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It becometh sweeter than it should be, and loseth the
<i>kind</i> taste.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having feelings befitting our common
nature; congenial; sympathetic; as, a <i>kind</i> man; a <i>kind</i>
heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet was he <i>kind</i>, or if severe in aught,<BR>
The love he bore to learning was his fault.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Showing tenderness or goodness; disposed
to do good and confer happiness; averse to hurting or paining;
benevolent; benignant; gracious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is <i>kind</i> unto the unthankful and to
evil.</blockquote> <i>Luke vi 35.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O cruel Death, to those you take more <i>kind</i><BR>
Than to the wretched mortals left behind.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fellow feeling makes one wondrous
<i>kind</i>.</blockquote> <i>Garrick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from, or characterized by,
goodness, gentleness, or benevolence; as, a <i>kind</i> act.</def>
"Manners so <i>kind</i>, yet stately."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Gentle; tractable; easily governed; as, a
horse <i>kind</i> in harness.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Benevolent; benign; beneficent; bounteous;
gracious; propitious; generous; forbearing; indulgent; tender;
humane; compassionate; good; lenient; clement; mild; gentle; bland;
obliging; friendly; amicable. See <u>Obliging</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Kind</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>kinde</i>,
<i>cunde</i>, AS. <i>cynd</i>. See <u>Kind</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Nature; natural instinct or
disposition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He knew by <i>kind</i> and by no other
lore.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some of you, on pure instinct of nature,<BR>
Are led by <i>kind t'</i>admire your fellow-creature.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Race; genus; species; generic class; as,
in man<i>kind</i> or human<i>kind</i>.</def> "Come of so low a
<i>kind</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>kind</i> of beasts, and of
birds.</blockquote> <i>James iii.7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She follows the law of her <i>kind</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here to sow the seed of bread,<BR>
That man and all the <i>kinds</i> be fed.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Nature; style; character; sort; fashion;
manner; variety; description; class; as, there are several
<i>kinds</i> of eloquence, of style, and of music; many <i>kinds</i>
of government; various <i>kinds</i> of soil, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How diversely Love doth his pageants play,<BR>
And snows his power in variable <i>kinds</i> !</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is one <i>kind</i> of flesh of men, another
flesh of beasts, another of fishes, and another of
birds.</blockquote> <i>I Cor. xv. 39.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Diogenes was asked in a <i>kind</i> of scorn: What was
the matter that philosophers haunted rich men, and not rich men
philosophers ?</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A kind of</b></col>, <cd>something belonging to the class
of; something like to; -- said loosely or slightingly.</cd>
<col><b>In kind</b></col>, <cd>in the produce or designated commodity
itself, as distinguished from its value in money.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Tax on tillage was often levied <i>in kind</i> upon
corn.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sort; species; class; genus; nature; style;
character; breed; set.</p>

<p><hw>Kind</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Kin</u>.] <def>To
beget.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kin"der*gar`ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., lit.,
children's garden; <i>kinder</i> (pl. of <i>kind</i> child, akin to
E. <i>kin</i> kindred) + <i>garten</i> garden.] <def>A school for
young children, conducted on the theory that education should be
begun by gratifying and cultivating the normal aptitude for exercise,
play, observation, imitation, and construction; -- a name given by
Friedrich Froebel, a German educator, who introduced this method of
training, in rooms opening on a garden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kin"der*gart`ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
teaches in a kindergarten.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kind"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
kindness of nature; sympathetic; characterized by a humane
disposition; as, a <i>kind-hearted</i> landlord.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To thy self at least <i>kind-hearted</i>
prove.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kind"-heart`ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being kind-hearted; benevolence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kin"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>kindlen</i>, <i>cundlen</i>. See <u>Kind</u>.] <def>To bring forth
young.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The poor beast had but lately
<i>kindled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kin`dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kindled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kindling</u> (?).] [Icel. <i>kyndill</i> candle, torch; prob. fr.
L. <i>candela</i>; cf. also Icel. <i>kynda</i> to kindle.  Cf.
<u>Candle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set on fire; to cause to
burn with flame; to ignite; to cause to begin burning; to start; to
light; as, to <i>kindle</i> a match, or shavings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His breath <i>kindleth</i> coals.</blockquote> <i>Job
xii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To inflame, as the passions; to
rouse; to provoke; to excite to action; to heat; to fire; to animate;
to incite; as, to <i>kindle</i> anger or wrath; to <i>kindle</i> the
flame of love, or love into a flame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So is a contentious man to <i>kindle</i>
strife.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxvi. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing remains but that I <i>kindle</i> the boy
thither.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Kindling</i> her undazzled eyes at the full midday
beam.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Could swell the soul to rage, or <i>kindle</i> soft
desire.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Enkindle; light; ignite; inflame; provoke; excite;
arouse; stir up.</p>

<p><! p. 814 !></p>

<p><hw>Kin"dle</hw> (k&ibreve;n"d'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take fire; to begin to burn with flame; to
start as a flame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When thou walkest through the fire, thou shalt not be
burned; neither shall the flame <i>kindle</i> upon thee.</blockquote>
<i>Is. xliii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To begin to be excited; to grow warm
or animated; to be roused or exasperated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On all occasions where forbearance might be called
for, the Briton <i>kindles</i>, and the Christian gives
way.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kin"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, kindles, stirs up, or sets on fire.</def> "<i>Kindlers</i> of
riot."  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kind"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
kindness; unnatural.</def>[Obs.] "<i>Kindless</i> villain."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kind"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Natural inclination; natural course.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being kindly;
benignity; benevolence; gentleness; tenderness; as, <i>kindliness</i>
of disposition, of treatment, or of words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In kind a father, but not in
<i>kindliness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sackville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Softness; mildness; propitiousness; as,
<i>kindliness</i> of weather, or of a season.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fruits and corn are much advanced by temper of the air
and<BR>
<i>kindliness</i> of seasons.</blockquote> <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kin"dling</hw> (k&ibreve;n"dl&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of causing to burn, or of exciting or
inflaming the passions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Materials, easily lighted, for
starting a fire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kind"ly</hw> (k&imacr;nd"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Kindlier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Kindliest</u>.] [AS. <i>cyndelic</i>.
See <u>Kind</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>According to the kind or nature;
natural.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>kindly</i> fruits of the earth.</blockquote>
<i>Book of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An herd of bulls whom <i>kindly</i> rage doth
sting.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever as the Son of God he may do, it is
<i>kindly</i> for<BR>
Him as the Son of Man to save the sons of men.</blockquote> <i>L.
Andrews.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Humane; congenial; sympathetic; hence,
disposed to do good to; benevolent; gracious; kind; helpful; as,
<i>kindly</i> affections, words, acts, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shade by which my life was crossed, . . . <BR>
Has made me <i>kindly</i> with my kind.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Favorable; mild; gentle; auspicious;
beneficent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In soft silence shed the <i>kindly</i>
shower.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Should e'er a <i>kindlier</i> time ensue.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "Nothing ethical was connoted in <i>kindly</i> once: it was
simply the adjective of <i>kind</i>. But it is God's ordinance that
<i>kind</i> should be <i>kindly</i>, in our modern sense of the word
as well; and thus the word has attained this meaning."
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kind"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Naturally; fitly.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Examine how <i>kindly</i> the Hebrew manners of speech
mix and incorporate with the English language</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a kind manner; congenially; with good
will; with a disposition to make others happy, or to
oblige.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be <i>kindly</i> affectioned one to another, with
brotherly love.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xii. 10. </i></p>

<p><hw>Kind"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Kind</u>.
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of
being kind, in any of its various senses; manifestation of kind
feeling or disposition beneficence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do fear thy nature;<BR>
It is too full o' the milk of human <i>kindness</i><BR>
To catch the nearest way.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Unremembered acts<BR>
Of <i>kindness</i> and of love.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind act; an act of good will; as, to do
a great <i>kindness</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Good will; benignity; grace; tenderness;
compassion; humanity; clemency; mildness; gentleness; goodness;
generosity; beneficence; favor.</p>

<p><hw>Kin"dred</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>kinrede</i>,
<i>kynrede</i>, <i>kunreden</i> (with excrescent <i>d</i>), fr. AS.
<i>cynn</i> kin, race + the termination <i>-r&aemacr;den</i>, akin to
AS. <i>r&aemacr;dan</i> to advise, G. <i>rathen</i>.  Cf.
<u>Hatred</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relationship by birth or
marriage; consanguinity; affinity; kin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like her, of equal <i>kindred</i> to the
throne.</blockquote> <i> Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relatives by blood or marriage, more
properly the former; relations; persons related to each
other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I think there's no man is secure<BR>
But the queen's <i>kindred</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Kin; kinsfolk; relatives; kinsmen; relations;
relationship; affinity.</p>

<p><hw>Kin"dred</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Related; congenial;
of the like nature or properties; as, <i>kindred</i> souls;
<i>kindred</i> skies; <i>kindred</i> propositions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>True to the <i>kindred</i> points of heaven and
home.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [For older
<i>kyen</i>, formed like <i>oxen</i>, fr. AS. <i>c&?;</i>, itself pl.
of <i>c&?;</i> cow. See <u>Cow</u>, and cf. <u>Kee</u>, <u>Kie</u>.]
<def>Cows.</def> "A herd of fifty or sixty <i>kine</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kin`e*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Kin`e*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to kinematics.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Kinematic curves</b></col>, <cd>curves produced by
machinery, or a combination of motions, as distinguished from
mathematical curves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Kin`e*mat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. (&?;), (&?;)
motion, fr. <grk>kinei^n</grk> to move.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The
science which treats of motions considered in themselves, or apart
from their causes; the comparison and relation of motions.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Kinematics forms properly an introduction to mechanics, as
involving the mathematical principles which are to be applied to its
data of forces.  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kine"pox`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cowpox</u>.</def></p>

<p>Kin"e*scope (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Kinetoscope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kin`e*si*at"rics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. (&?;)
motion (fr. <grk>kinei^n</grk> to move) + (&?;) pertaining to
medicine, fr. (&?;) a physician.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A mode of
treating disease by appropriate muscular movements; -- also termed
<i>kinesitherapy</i>, <i>kinesipathy</i>, <i>lingism</i>, and the
<i>movement cure</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kin`e*sip"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; motion
+ <grk>pa`qos</grk> suffering.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Kinesiatrics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kin`e*si*ther"a*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
motion + &?; to heal.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Kinesiatrics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kin`e*sod"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; motion +
&?; way: cf. F. <i>kin&eacute;sodigue</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Conveying motion; as, <i>kinesodic</i> substance; -- applied
esp. to the spinal cord, because it is capable of conveying doth
voluntary and reflex motor impulses, without itself being affected by
motor impulses applied to it directly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>q.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from
<grk>kinei^n</grk> to move.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Moving or causing
motion; motory; active, as opposed to latent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Kinetic energy</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Energy</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> 4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ki*net"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>See <u>Dynamics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki*ne`to*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
movable + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An instrument for producing curves by
the combination of circular movements; -- called also
<i>kinescope</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>King</hw> (k&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Chinese
musical instrument, consisting of resonant stones or metal plates,
arranged according to their tones in a frame of wood, and struck with
a hammer.</def></p>

<p><hw>King</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cyng</i>,
<i>cyning</i>; akin to OS. <i>kuning</i>, D. <i>koning</i>, OHG.
<i>kuning</i>, G. <i>k&ouml;nig</i>, Icel. <i>konungr</i>, Sw.
<i>konung</i>, Dan. <i>konge</i>; formed with a patronymic ending,
and fr. the root of E. <i>kin</i>; cf. Icel. <i>konr</i> a man of
noble birth. &radic;44. See <u>Kin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
chief ruler; a sovereign; one invested with supreme authority over a
nation, country, or tribe, usually by hereditary succession; a
monarch; a prince.</def> "Ay, every inch a <i>king</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Kings</i> will be tyrants from policy, when
subjects are rebels from principle.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was a State without <i>king</i> or
nobles.</blockquote> <i>R. Choate.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But yonder comes the powerful <i>King</i> of Day,<BR>
Rejoicing in the east</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, holds a supreme
position or rank; a chief among competitors; as, a railroad
<i>king</i>; a money <i>king</i>; the <i>king</i> of the lobby; the
<i>king</i> of beasts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A playing card having the picture of a
<i>king</i>; as, the <i>king</i> of diamonds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The chief piece in the game of
chess.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A crowned man in the game of
draughts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The title of two historical
books in the Old Testament.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>King</i> is often used adjectively, or in combination,
to denote <i>pre&euml;minence</i> or <i>superiority</i> in some
particular; as, <i>king</i>bird; <i>king</i> crow; <i>king</i>
vulture.</p>

<p><col><b>Apostolic king</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Apostolic</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>King-at-arms</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>King-of-
arms</b></col>, <cd>the chief heraldic officer of a country. In
England the <i>king-at-arms</i> was formerly of great authority. His
business is to direct the heralds, preside at their chapters, and
have the jurisdiction of armory. There are three principal kings-at-
arms, viz., Garter, Clarencieux, and Norroy. The latter (literally
<i>north roy</i> or <i>north king</i>) officiates north of the
Trent.</cd> -- <col><b>King auk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the little auk or sea dove.</cd> -- <col><b>King bird of
paradise</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>See <u>Bird of
paradise</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>King card</b></col>, <cd>in whist, the
best unplayed card of each suit; thus, if the ace and king of a suit
have been played, the queen is the <i>king card</i> of the suit.</cd>
-- <col><b>King Cole</b></col> , <cd>a legendary king of Britain, who
is said to have reigned in the third century.</cd> -- <col><b>King
conch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large and handsome
univalve shell (<i>Cassis cameo</i>), found in the West Indies. It is
used for making cameos. See <i>Helmet shell</i>, under
<u>Helmet</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>King Cotton</b></col>, <cd>a popular
personification of the great staple production of the southern United
States.</cd> -- <col><b>King crab</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The limulus or horseshoe crab. See
<u>Limulus</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The large European
spider crab or thornback (<i>Maia squinado</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>King
crow</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A black
drongo shrike (<i>Buchanga atra</i>) of India; -- so called because,
while breeding, they attack and drive away hawks, crows, and other
large birds</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The <i>Dicrurus
macrocercus</i> of India, a crested bird with a long, forked tail.
Its color is black, with green and blue reflections. Called also
<i>devil bird</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>King duck</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large and handsome eider duck
(<i>Somateria spectabilis</i>), inhabiting the arctic regions of both
continents.</cd> -- <col><b>King eagle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an eagle (<i>Aquila heliaca</i>) found in Asia and Southeastern
Europe. It is about as large as the golden eagle. Some writers
believe it to be the imperial eagle of Rome.</cd> -- <col><b>King
hake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American hake (<i>Phycis
regius</i>), found in deep water along the Atlantic coast.</cd> --
<col><b>King monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an African
monkey (<i>Colobus polycomus</i>), inhabiting Sierra Leone.</cd> --
<col><b>King mullet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian
red mullet (<i>Upeneus maculatus</i>); -- so called on account of its
great beauty. Called also <i>goldfish</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>King of
terrors</b></col>, <cd>death.</cd> -- <col><b>King
parrakeet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a handsome Australian
parrakeet (<i>Platycercys scapulatus</i>), often kept in a cage. Its
prevailing color is bright red, with the back and wings bright green,
the rump blue, and tail black.</cd> -- <col><b>King penguin</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any large species of penguin of the genus
<i>Aptenodytes</i>; esp., <i>A. longirostris</i>, of the Falkland
Islands and Kerguelen Land, and <i>A. Patagonica</i>, of
Patagonia.</cd> -- <col><b>King rail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a small American rail (<i>Rallus elegans</i>), living in fresh-
water marshes. The upper parts are fulvous brown, striped with black;
the breast is deep cinnamon color.</cd> -- <col><b>King
salmon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the quinnat. See
<u>Quinnat</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>King's, or Queen's</b></col>,
<col><b>counsel</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>barristers learned
in the law, who have been called within the bar, and selected to be
the king's or queen's counsel. They answer in some measure to the
advocates of the revenue (<i>advocati fisci</i>) among the Romans.
They can not be employed against the crown without special
license.</cd> <i>Wharton's Law Dict.</i> -- <col><b>King's
cushion</b></col>, <cd>a temporary seat made by two persons crossing
their hands.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i> -- <col><b>The
king's English</b></col>, <cd>correct or current language of good
speakers; pure English.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>King's or
Queen's</b></col>, <col><b>evidence</b></col>, <cd>testimony in favor
of the Crown by a witness who confesses his guilt as an accomplice.
See under <u>Evidence</u>.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>King's
evil</b></col>, <cd>scrofula; -- so called because formerly supposed
to be healed by the touch of a king.</cd> -- <col><b>King
snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large, nearly black,
harmless snake (<i>Ophiobolus getulus</i>) of the Southern United
States; -- so called because it kills and eats other kinds of snakes,
including even the rattlesnake.</cd> -- <col><b>King's
spear</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the white asphodel (<i>Asphodelus
albus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>King's yellow</b></col>, <cd>a yellow
pigment, consisting essentially of sulphide and oxide of arsenic; --
called also <i>yellow orpiment</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>King
tody</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small fly-catching bird
(<i>Eurylaimus serilophus</i>) of tropical America. The head is
adorned with a large, spreading, fan-shaped crest, which is bright
red, edged with black.</cd> -- <col><b>King vulture</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large species of vulture (<i>Sarcorhamphus
papa</i>), ranging from Mexico to Paraguay, The general color is
white. The wings and tail are black, and the naked carunculated head
and the neck are briliantly colored with scarlet, yellow, orange, and
blue. So called because it drives away other vultures while
feeding.</cd> -- <col><b>King wood</b></col>, <cd>a wood from Brazil,
called also <i>violet wood</i>, beautifully streaked in violet tints,
used in turning and small cabinetwork. The tree is probably a species
of <i>Dalbergia</i>. See <u>Jacaranda</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>King</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kinged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kinging</u>). ] <def>To supply with a king; to make a king of; to
raise to royalty.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those traitorous captains of Israel who <i>kinged</i>
themselves by slaying their masters and reigning in their
stead.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>King"bird</hw> (-b&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small American bird
(<i>Tyrannus tyrannus</i>, or <i>T. Carolinensis</i>), noted for its
courage in attacking larger birds, even hawks and eagles, especially
when they approach its nest in the breeding season. It is a typical
tyrant flycatcher, taking various insects upon the wing. It is dark
ash above, and blackish on the head and tail. The quills and wing
coverts are whitish at the edges. It is white beneath, with a white
terminal band on the tail. The feathers on the head of the adults
show a bright orange basal spot when erected. Called also <i>bee
bird</i>, and <i>bee martin</i>. Several Southern and Western species
of <i>Tyrannus</i> are also called king birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The king tody. See under
<u>King</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>King"bolt`</hw> (-b&omacr;lt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
vertical iron bolt, by which the forward axle and wheels of a vehicle
or the trucks of a railroad car are connected with the other
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>King Charles span"iel</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
variety of small pet dogs, having, drooping ears, a high, dome-shaped
forehead, pug nose, large, prominent eyes, and long, wavy hair. The
color is usually black and tan.</def></p>

<p><hw>King"craft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The craft of
kings; the art of governing as a sovereign; royal policy.</def>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>King"cup`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The common buttercup.</def></p>

<p><hw>King"dom</hw> (k&ibreve;ng"d&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>cyningd&omacr;m</i>. See 2d <u>King</u>, and -<u>dom</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The rank, quality, state, or attributes of a
king; royal authority; sovereign power; rule; dominion;
monarchy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>kingdom</i> is an everlasting
<i>kingdom</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxiv. 13. </i></p>

<p><blockquote>When Jehoram was risen up to the <i>kingdom</i> of his
father, he strengthened himself.</blockquote> <i>2 Chron. xxi. 4.
</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The territory or country subject to a king
or queen; the dominion of a monarch; the sphere in which one is king
or has control.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unto the <i>kingdom</i> of perpetual
night.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You're welcome,<BR>
Most learned reverend sir, into our <i>kingdom</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An extensive scientific division
distinguished by leading or ruling characteristics; a principal
division; a department; as, the mineral <i>kingdom</i>.</def> "The
animal and vegetable <i>kingdoms</i>."
 <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Animal kingdom</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Animal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Kingdom of God</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The universe</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>That spiritual realm of which God is the acknowledged
sovereign</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The authority or dominion of
God.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral kingdom</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Mineral</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>United Kingdom</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>United</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable kingdom</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Vegetable</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Realm; empire; dominion; monarchy; sovereignty;
domain.</p>

<p><hw>King"domed</hw> (-d&ubreve;md), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a kingdom or the dignity of a king; like a kingdom.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"Twixt his mental and his active parts,<BR>
<i>Kingdom'd</i> Achilles in commotion rages<BR>
And batters down himself.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>King"fish`</hw> (-f&ibreve;sh`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An American marine food
fish of the genus <i>Menticirrus</i>, especially <i>M. saxatilis</i>,
or <i>M. nebulosos</i>, of the Atlantic coast; -- called also
<i>whiting</i>, <i>surf whiting</i>, and <i>barb</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The opah.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
common cero; also, the spotted cero. See <u>Cero</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The queenfish.</def></p>

<p><! p. 815 !></p>

<p><hw>King"fish`er</hw> (k&ibreve;ng"f&ibreve;sh`&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of birds constituting the family <i>Alcedinid&aelig;</i>.
Most of them feed upon fishes which they capture by diving and
seizing them with the beak; others feed only upon reptiles, insects,
etc. About one hundred and fifty species are known. They are found in
nearly all parts of the world, but are particularly abundant in the
East Indies.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The belted king-fisher of the United States (<i>Ceryle
alcyon</i>) feeds upon fishes. It is slate-blue above, with a white
belly and breast, and a broad white ring around the neck. A dark band
crosses the breast. The common European species (<i>Alcedo
ispida</i>), which is much smaller and brighter colored, is also a
fisher. See <u>Alcedo</u>. The wood kingfishers (<i>Halcyones</i>),
which inhabit forests, especially in Africa, feed largely upon
insects, but also eat reptiles, snails, and small Crustacea, as well
as fishes. The giant kingfisher of Australia feeds largely upon
lizards and insects. See <i>Laughing jackass</i>, under
<u>Laughing</u>.</p>

<p><hw>King"hood</hw> (k&ibreve;ng"h&oocr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being a king; the attributes of a king;
kingship.</def>  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>King"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
king.</def>  <i>F. Lieber.</i></p>

<p><hw>King"let</hw> (k&ibreve;ng"l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little king; a weak or insignificant
king.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of small singing birds of the genus <i>Regulus</i> and family
<i>Sylviid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The golden-crowned kinglet (<i>Regulus satrapa</i>), and
the rubycrowned kinglet (<i>R. calendula</i>), are the most common
American species. The common English kinglet (<i>R. cristatus</i>) is
also called <i>golden-crested wren</i>, <i>moonie</i>, and
<i>marigold finch</i>. The kinglets are often popularly called
<i>wrens</i>, both in America and England.<BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>King"li*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>King-
liness.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>King"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being kingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>King"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Kinglet</u>, 1.</def> <i>Churchill.</i></p>

<p><hw>King"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Kinglier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Kingliest</u>.] <def>Belonging to,
suitable to, or becoming, a king; characteristic of, or resembling, a
king; directed or administered by a king; monarchical; royal;
sovereign; regal; august; noble; grand.</def> "<i>Kingly</i>
magnificence." <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i> "A <i>kingly</i> government."
<i>Swift.</i> "The <i>kingly</i> couch."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>kingliest</i> kings are crowned with
thorn.</blockquote> <i>G. Massey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Leave <i>kingly</i> backs to cope with <i>kingly</i>
cares.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Regal; royal; monarchical; imperial; august;
sovereign; noble; splendid.  -- <u>Kingly</u>, <u>Regal</u>.
<i>Kingly</i> is Anglo-Saxon, and refers especially to the character
of a king; <i>regal</i> is Latin, and now relates more to his office.
The former is chiefly used of dispositions, feelings, and purposes
which are <i>kinglike</i>; as, <i>kingly</i> sentiments;
<i>kingly</i> condescension; " a <i>kingly</i> heart for
enterprises." <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i> The latter is oftener applied to
external state, pomp, etc.; as, <i>regal</i> state, <i>regal</i>
title, etc. This distinction is not observed by our early writers,
but is gaining ground.</p>

<p><hw>King"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a kingly or
kinglike manner.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Low bowed the rest; he, <i>kingly</i>, did but
nod.</blockquote> <i>Pore.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Although this citation, one from Paradise Lost, and one
from Shakespeare's ll4th Sonnet are given by lexicographers as
examples of adverbial use, it is by no means clear that the word is
not an adjective in each instance.</p>

<p><hw>King"-post`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i>
<def>A member of a common form of truss, as a roof truss. It is
strictly a tie, intended to prevent the sagging of the tiebeam in the
middle. If there are struts, supporting the main rafters, they often
bear upon the foot of the king-post. Called also <i>crown-
post</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>King's Bench</hw> (?). <i>(Law)</i> <def>Formerly, the highest
court of common law in England; -- so called because the king used to
sit there in person. It consisted of a chief justice and four puisne,
or junior, justices. During the reign of a queen it was called the
<i>Queen's Bench</i>. Its jurisdiction was transferred by the
judicature acts of 1873 and 1875 to the high court of justice created
by that legislation.</def></p>

<p><hw>King"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state,
office, or dignity of a king; royalty.</def>  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>King"ston</hw> (?), <hw>King"stone`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The black angel fish.
See <i>Angel fish</i>, under <u>Angel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>King"ston met"al</hw> (?). <def>An alloy of tin, copper, and
mercury, sometimes used for the bearings and packings of
machinery.</def>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>King"ston valve</hw> (?). <i>(Marine Steam Engin.)</i> <def>A
conical valve, opening outward, to close the mouth of a pipe which
passes through the side of a vessel below the water line.</def></p>

<p><hw>King"truss`</hw> (?). <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A truss, framed with
a king-post; -- used in roofs, bridges, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>kinique</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Quinic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>kink</i> a bend or
turn, or Sw. <i>kink</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A twist or loop in a rope or thread,
caused by a spontaneous doubling or winding upon itself; a close loop
or curl; a doubling in a cord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unreasonable notion; a crotchet; a
whim; a caprice.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Cozzens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kinked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kinking</u>.] <def>To wind into a kink; to knot or twist
spontaneously upon itself, as a rope or thread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Chincough</u>,
<u>Kink-haust</u>.] <def>A fit of coughing; also, a convulsive fit of
laughter.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Kin"ka*jou`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>kinkajou</i>, <i>quincajou</i>, from the native American name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A nocturnal carnivorous mammal
(<i>Cercoleptes caudivolvulus</i>) of South America, about as large
as a full-grown cat. It has a prehensile tail and lives in trees. It
is the only representative of a distinct family
(<i>Cercoleptid&aelig;</i>) allied to the raccoons. Called also
<i>potto</i>, and <i>honey bear</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kink"haust`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>kink</i> to gasp (cf. <u>Chin cough</u>) + <i>haust</i> a cough
(akin to E. <i>wheeze</i>).] <def>Whooping cough.</def> [Obs.or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Kin"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as 3d
<u>Kink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kink"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of kinks; liable to kink or curl; as, <i>kinky</i>
hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Queer; eccentric; crotchety.</def>
[Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Kin`ni*ki*nic"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Indian,
literally, a mixture.] <def>Prepared leaves or bark of certain
plants; -- used by the Indians of the Northwest for smoking, either
mixed with tobacco or as a substitute for it. Also, a plant so used,
as the osier cornel (<i>Cornus stolonijra</i>), and the bearberry
(<i>Arctostaphylus Uva-ursi</i>).</def> [Spelled also
<i>kinnickinnick</i> and <i>killikinick</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ki"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The dark red dried
juice of certain plants, used variously in tanning, in dyeing, and as
an astringent in medicine.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The chief supply is from an East Indian leguminous tree,
the <i>Pterocarpus Marsupium</i>. Other sources are the African
<i>Pterocarpus erinaceus</i>, the tropical American sea grape
(<i>Coccoloba uvifera</i>), and several Australian Eucalypti. See
<i>Botany bay kino</i>, under <u>Botany bay</u>, <i>Gum butea</i>,
under <u>Gum</u>, and <u>Eucalyptus</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ki*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kinei^n</grk> to move + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of
physics which treats of the laws of motion, or of moving
bodies.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Ki"none</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Quinone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki"noyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> [Obs.]
<def>See <u>Quinoyl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kin"rede</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Kindred.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kins"folk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Relatives;
kindred; kin; persons of the same family or closely related
families.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They sought him among their <i>kinsfolk</i> and
acquaintance.</blockquote> <i>Luke ii. 44. </i></p>

<p><hw>Kin"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Family
relationship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kins"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Kinsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man of the same race or
family; one related by blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kins"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Kinship.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kins"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Kinswomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A female relative.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kint"lidge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <u>Kentledge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki*osk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. <i>kiushk</i>,
<i>ki&ouml;shk</i>, Per. <i>k&?;shk</i>.] <def>A Turkish open summer
house or pavilion, supported by pillars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki"o*ways`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Kioway</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians distantly related to the Shoshones. They formerly inhabited
the region about the head waters of the North Platte.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hide of a young or
small beef creature, or leather made from it; kipskin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Kip leather.</b></col> <cd>See <u>Kipskin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Kipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>kipen</i> to
catch, Icel. <i>kippa</i> to pull, snatch.  Cf. <u>Kipper</u>.]
<def>An osier basket used for catching fish.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Kip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>kippen</i> to
hatch, snatch, seize.  Cf. <u>Kipe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A salmon after spawning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A salmon split open, salted, and dried or
smoked; -- so called because salmon after spawning were usually so
cured, not being good when fresh.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Kipper time</b></col>, <cd>the season in which fishing for
salmon is forbidden.</cd> [Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Kip"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kippered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kippering</u>.] <def>To cure, by splitting, salting, and
smoking.</def> "<i>Kippered</i> salmon."  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kip"per</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Amorous; also, lively;
light-footed; nimble; gay; sprightly.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kip"per*nut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A name given to earthnuts of several kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kip"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Kip</i> +
<i>skin</i>.] <def>Leather prepared from the skin of young or small
cattle, intermediate in grade between calfskin and cowhide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kirk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.; cf. Icel.
<i>kirkja</i>, of Greek origin. See <u>Church</u>.] <def>A church or
the church, in the various senses of the word; esp., the Church of
Scotland as distinguished from other reformed churches, or from the
Roman Catholic Church.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kirked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>Turned upward; bent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kirk"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Kirkmen</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A clergyman or officer in a kirk.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of the Church of Scotland, as
distinguished from a member of another communion.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Kirk"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
churchyard.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Kir"mess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>kermis</i>; cf.
G. <i>kirmes</i>; prop., church mass. See <u>Church</u>, and
<u>Mass</u> a religious service.] <def>In Europe, particularly in
Belgium and Holland, and outdoor festival and fair; in the United
States, generally an indoor entertainment and fair
combined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kirsch"was`ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>kirsche</i> cherry + <i>wasser</i> water.] <def>An alcoholic
liquor, obtained by distilling the fermented juice of the small black
cherry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kir"some</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Corrupted from
<i>chrisom</i>.] <def>Christian; christened.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am a true <i>kirsome</i> woman.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kir"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>kirtel</i>,
<i>curtel</i>, AS. <i>cyrtel</i>; skin to Icel. <i>kyrtill</i>, Sw.
<i>kjortel</i>, Dan. <i>kiortel</i>, <i>kiole</i>.] <def>A garment
varying in form and use at different times, and worn both by men and
women.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wearing her Norman car, and her <i>kirtle</i> of
blue.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term is still retained in the provinces, in the sense
of " an outer petticoat."  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kir"tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
kirtle.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ki*rum"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bird of Madagascar (<i>Leptosomus discolor</i>), the only
living type of a family allied to the rollers. It has a pair of loral
plumes. The male is glossy green above, with metallic reflections;
the female is spotted with brown and black.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>kies</i>
gravel, pyrites.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A workman's name for the
graphite which forms incidentally in iron smelting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kis"met</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>qismat</i>.]
<def>Destiny; fate.</def> [Written also <i>kismat</i>.]
[Oriental]</p>

<p><hw>Kiss</hw> (k&ibreve;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Kissed</u> (k&ibreve;st);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Kissing</u>.] [OE. <i>kissen</i>, <i>cussen</i>, AS.
<i>cyssan</i>, fr. <i>coss</i> a kiss; of uncertain origin; akin to
D. <i>kus</i>, G. <i>kuss</i>, Icel. <i>koss</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To salute with the lips, as a mark of affection, reverence,
submission, forgiveness, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . <i>kissed</i> her lips with such a clamorous
smack,<BR>
That at the parting all the church echoed.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To touch gently, as if fondly or
caressingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the sweet wind did gently <i>kiss</i> the
trees.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kiss</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make or give salutation with the lips in token of love, respect,
etc.; as, <i>kiss</i> and make friends.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To meet; to come in contact; to touch
fondly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like fire and powder,<BR>
Which as they <i>kiss</i> consume.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rose, rose and clematis,<BR>
Trail and twine and clasp and <i>kiss</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Kissing comfit</b></col>, <cd>a perfumed sugarplum to
sweeten the breath.</cd> [Obs or Prov. End.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kiss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>kiss</i>, derived
under the influence of the verb from the older form <i>coss</i>, AS.
<i>coss</i>. See <u>Kiss</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A salutation with the lips, as a token of
affection, respect, etc.; as, a parting <i>kiss</i>; a <i>kiss</i> of
reconciliation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Last with a <i>kiss</i>, she took a long
farewell.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dear as remembered <i>kisses</i> after
death.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of confectionery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kiss"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
kisses.</def>
 <i>Beau. &amp;  Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kiss"ing*crust`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>The portion of the upper crust of a loaf which
has touched another loaf in baking.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A massy fragment from the rich <i>kissingcrust</i>
that hangs like a fretted cornice from the upper half of the
loaf.</blockquote> <i>W. Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kist</hw> (k&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Chest</u>.] <def>A chest; hence, a coffin.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov.
End.]  <i>Jamieson. Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>gist</i>.] <def>A
stated payment, especially a payment of rent for land; hence, the
time for such payment.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Kist"vaen</hw> (k&ibreve;st"v&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[W. <i>cist-faen</i>.] <i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <def>A Celtic
monument, commonly known as a <i>dolmen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kit</hw>, (k&ibreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Kitte</u>.] <def>To cut.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Kitten</u>.] <def>A
kitten.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Kit fox</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
burrowing fox (<i>Vulpes velox</i>), inhabiting the region of the
Rocky Mountains. It is brownish gray, reddish on the breast and
flanks, and white below. Called also <i>swift fox</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Kit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gf. AS. <i>cytere</i> harp, L.
<i>cithara</i>.  Cf. <u>Guitar</u>.] <def>A small violin.</def> "A
dancing master's <i>kit</i>."  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Prince Turveydrop then tinkled the strings of his
<i>kit</i> with his fingers, and the young ladies stood up to
dance.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>kit</i> a large
bottle, OD. <i>kitte</i> beaker, decanter.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
large bottle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wooden tub or pail, smaller at the top
than at the bottom; as, a <i>kit</i> of butter, or of mackerel.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A straw or rush basket for fish; also, any
kind of basket.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A box for working implements; hence, a
working outfit, as of a workman, a soldier, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A group of separate parts, things, or
individuals; -- used with <i>whole</i>, and generally contemptuously;
as, the whole <i>kit</i> of them.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Kit"cat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Designating a club in London, to which Addison and Steele
belonged; -- so called from <i>Christopher Cat</i>, a pastry cook,
who served the club with mutton pies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Designating a canvas used for portraits of
a peculiar size, viz., twenty-right or twenty-nine inches by thirty-
six; -- so called because that size was adopted by Sir Godfrey
Kneller for the portraits he painted of the members of the
<i>Kitcat</i> Club.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kit"cat`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game played by
striking with a stick small piece of wood, called a <i>cat</i>,
shaped like two cones united at their bases; tipcat.</def>
<i>Cotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Kitcat roll</b></col> <i>(Agric.)</i>, <cd>a roller
somewhat in the form of two cones set base to base.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Kitch"en</hw> (k&ibreve;ch"&ebreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>kichen</i>, <i>kichene</i>, <i>kuchene</i>, AS.
<i>cycene</i>, L. <i>coquina</i>, equiv. to <i>culina</i> a kitchen,
fr. <i>coquinus</i> pertaining to cooking, fr. <i>coquere</i> to
cook. See <u>Cook</u> to prepare food, and cf. <u>Cuisine</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cookroom; the room of a house appropriated
to cookery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cool was his <i>kitchen</i>, though his brains were
hot.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fat <i>kitchen</i> makes a lean will.</blockquote>
<i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A utensil for roasting meat; as, a tin
<i>kitchen</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Kitchen garden</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Garden</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Kitchen lee</b></col>, <cd>dirty
soapsuds.</cd> [Obs.] "A brazen tub of <i>kitchen lee</i>."
<i>Ford.</i> -- <col><b>Kitchen stuff</b></col>, <cd>fat collected
from pots and pans.</cd>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kitch"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish food
to; to entertain with the fare of the kitchen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kitch"en*er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kitchen servant;
a cook.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kitch"en*maid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman
employed in the kitchen.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 816 !></p>

<p><hw>Kitch"en mid`dens</hw> (k&ibreve;ch"&ebreve;n
m&ibreve;d`d'nz). [Dan. <i>kj&ouml;k-kenm&ouml;ddings</i> kitchen
leavings; cf. Scot. <i>midden</i> a dunghill.] <def>Relics of
neolithic man found on the coast of Denmark, consisting of shell
mounds, some of which are ten feet high, one thousand feet long, and
two hundred feet wide. The name is applied also to similar mounds
found on the American coast from Canada to Florida, made by the North
American Indians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kitch"en-ry</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
body of servants employed in the kitchen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kite</hw> (k&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>kyte</i>,
AS. <i>c&ymacr;ta</i>; cf. W. <i>cud</i>, <i>cut</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any raptorial bird of
the subfamily <i>Milvin&aelig;</i>, of which many species are known.
They have long wings, adapted for soaring, and usually a forked
tail.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The European species are <i>Milvus ictinus</i> and <i>M.
migrans</i>; the pariah kite of India is <i>M. govinda</i>; the
sacred or Brahmany kite of India is <i>Haliastur Indus</i>; the
American fork-tailed kite is the <i>Nauclerus furcatus</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig. : One who is rapacious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Detested <i>kite</i>, thou liest.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A light frame of wood or other material
covered with paper or cloth, for flying in the air at the end of a
string.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A lofty sail, carried only
when the wind is light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A quadrilateral, one of
whose diagonals is an axis of symmetry.</def>  <i>Henrici.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Fictitious commercial paper used for
raising money or to sustain credit, as a check which represents no
deposit in bank, or a bill of exchange not sanctioned by sale of
goods; an accommodation check or bill.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The brill.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Flying kites</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Flying</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Kite falcon</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an African falcon of the genus
<i>Avicida</i>, having some resemblance to a kite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Kite</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To raise money by
"kites;" as, <i>kiting</i> transactions. See <u>Kite</u>, 6.</def>
[Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Kite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The belly.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Kite"fly`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mode of
raising money, or sustaining one's credit, by the use of paper which
is merely nominal; -- called also <i>kiting</i>.</def> --
<hw>Kite"fli`er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Kite</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def> [Cant]  <i>McElrath.
Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kith</hw> (k&ibreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>kith</i>, <i>cu&eth;</i>, AS. c&ymacr;&eth;&eth;e, c&ymacr;&eth;,
native land, fr. <i>c&umacr;&eth;</i> known. &radic;45.  See
<u>Uncouth</u>, <u>Can</u>, and cf. <u>Kythe</u>.] <def>Acquaintance;
kindred.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And my near <i>kith</i> for that will sore me
shend.</blockquote> <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sage of his <i>kith</i> and the
hamlet.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Kith and kin</b></col>, <cd>kindred more or less
remote.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Kith"a*ra</hw> (-&adot;*r&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Cithara</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kithe</hw> (k&imacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<def>See <u>Kythe</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kit"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or relating to a kite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kit"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Kit</i> a kitten +
<i>-ling</i>: cf. Icel. <i>ketlingr</i>.] <def>A young kitten; a
whelp.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kit"te</hw> (k&ict;t"t<i>e</i>), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
of <u>Kit</u> to cut.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kit"tel</hw> (k&ict;t"t'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Kittle</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Kit"ten</hw> (-t'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>kiton</i>, a
dim. of <i>cat</i>; cf. G. <i>kitze</i> a young cat, also a female
cat, and F. <i>chaton</i>, dim. of <i>chat</i> cat, also E.
<i>kitling</i>. See <u>Cat</u>.] <def>A young cat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kit"ten</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kittened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kittening</u>.] <def>To bring forth young, as a cat; to bring
forth, as kittens.</def>  <i>Shak.</i>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kit"ten*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
kitten; playful; as, a <i>kittenish</i> disposition.</def>
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kit"ti*wake</hw> (-t&ibreve;*w&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A northern gull (<i>Rissa tridactyla</i>),
inhabiting the coasts of Europe and America. It is white, with black
tips to the wings, and has but three toes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kit"tle</hw> (-t'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Kit</u> a
kitten.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>To bring forth young, as a cat; to
kitten; to litter.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Kit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>citelian</i>; akin to D. <i>kittelen</i>, G. <i>kitzeln</i>, Icel.
<i>kitla</i>, Sw. <i>kittla</i>, <i>kittsla</i>, Dan. <i>kildre</i>.
Cf. <u>Tickle</u>.] <def>To tickle.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
[Written also <i>kittel</i>.]  <i>Halliwell.</i>
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ticklish; not easily
managed; troublesome; difficult; variable.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Halliwell.</i>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kit"tlish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ticklish;
kittle.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kit*ty*sol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>quitasol</i>.] <def>The Chinese paper parasol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mash vat. See
<u>Keeve</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Kiv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cover.</def> [Disused except in
illiterate speech.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ki`vi*ki"vi</hw> (?), <hw>Ki`wi*ki"wi</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Kivikivies</b></plw> (&?;),
<plw><b>Kiwikiwies</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
species of Apteryx, esp. <i>A. australis</i>; -- so called in
imitation of its notes. Called also <i>kiwi</i>. See
<u>Apteryx</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kjoek"ken moed`dings</hw> (?). [Dan.] <def>See <u>Kitchen
middens</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kla"maths</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Klamath</b></singw> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A collective name
for the Indians of several tribes formerly living along the Klamath
river, in California and Oregon, but now restricted to a reservation
at Klamath Lake; -- called also <i>Clamets</i> and
<i>Hamati</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kleene"boc`</hw> (kl&emacr;n"b&obreve;k`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>kleen</i> little, small + <i>bok</i>
buck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>  <def>An antelope (<i>Cerphalopus
pygm&aelig;us</i>), found in South Africa. It is of very small size,
being but one foot high at the shoulder. It is remarkable for its
activity, and for its mild and timid disposition. Called also
<i>guevi</i>, and <i>pygmy antelope</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>klep`to*ma"ni*a</hw>
(kl&ebreve;p`t&osl;*m&amacr;"n&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>kle`pths</grk> thief + E. <i>mania</i>.] <def>A propensity
to steal, claimed to be irresistible. This does not constitute legal
irresponsibility.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>klep`to*ma"ni*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
affected with kleptomania.</def></p>

<p><hw>Klick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Click</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Klick"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Clicket</u>.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small postern or gate in a palisade, for the
passage of sallying parties.</def> [Written also <i>klinket</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Klink"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Clinkstone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kli*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Clinometer</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Klip"das</hw> (?), <hw>Klip"dachs`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>klip</i> cliff + <i>das</i> badger, akin
to G. <i>dachs</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small mammal
(<i>Hyrax Capensis</i>), found in South Africa. It is of about the
size of a rabbit, and closely resembles the daman. Called also
<i>rock rabbit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Klip"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dried cod,
exported from Norway.</def> [Written also <i>clipfish</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Klip"spring`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D., lit., cliff
springer.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, graceful South African
antelope (<i>Nanotragus oreotragus</i>), which, like the chamois,
springs from one crag to another with great agility; -- called also
<i>kainsi</i>.</def> [Written also <i>klippspringer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Kloof</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. See <u>Clove</u> a
cleft.] <def>A glen; a ravine closed at its upper end.</def> [South
Africa]</p>

<p><hw>Klo`pe*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>kloph`</grk> theft + E. <i>mania</i>.] <def>See
<u>Kleptomania</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knab</hw> (n&abreve;b), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Knabbed</u> (n&abreve;bd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Knabbing</u>.] [See <u>Nab</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Knap</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To seize with the teeth; to gnaw.</def>
"<i>Knabbing</i> crusts." [Obs.]  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To nab. See <u>Nab</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Knab"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>knab</i>.] <def>To bite or nibble.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Horses will <i>knabble</i> at walls, and rats gnaw
iron.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knack</hw> (n&abreve;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Prob. of
imitative origin; cf. G. <i>knacken</i> to break, Dan. <i>knage</i>
to crack, and E. <i>knock</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To crack; to
make a sharp, abrupt noise to chink.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To speak affectedly.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
petty contrivance; a toy; a plaything; a knickknack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>knack</i>, a toy, a trick, a baby's
cap.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A readiness in performance; aptness at
doing something; skill; facility; dexterity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fellow . . . has not the <i>knack</i> with his
shears.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The dean was famous in his time,<BR>
And had a kind of <i>knack</i> at rhyme.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something performed, or to be done,
requiring aptness and dexterity; a trick; a device.</def> "The
<i>knacks</i> of japers."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For how should equal colors do the <i>knack</i>
!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knack"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who makes knickknacks, toys, etc.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of two or more pieces of bone or wood
held loosely between the fingers, and struck together by moving the
hand; -- called also <i>clapper</i>.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knack"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>hnakkr</i> a
saddle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>a harness maker.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who slaughters worn-out horses and
sells their flesh for dog's meat.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Knack"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Trickish;
artful.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Knack"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.] <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knack"-kneed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Knock-kneed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knack"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a knack;
cunning; crafty; trickish.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. G.
<i>knagge</i> a knot in wood, Sw. <i>knagg</i>, Dan. <i>knag</i> a
hook to hand clothes on, a bracket; Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>cnag</i> peg,
knob.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A knot in wood; a protuberance.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wooden peg for hanging things on.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The prong of an antler.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The rugged top of a hill.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knag"ged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of knots;
knaggy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Knotty; rough;
figuratively, rough in temper.</def> <i>Fuller.</i> --
<wf>Knag"gi*ness</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Knap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cn&aelig;p</i>,
<i>cn&aelig;pp</i>, top, knob, button; cf. Icel. <i>knappr</i> knob,
Sw. <i>knapp</i>, Dan. <i>knap</i> button, W., Gael., &amp; Ir.
<i>cnap</i> knob, button, and E. <i>knop</i>.] <def>A protuberance; a
swelling; a knob; a button; hence, rising ground; a summit. See
<u>Knob</u>, and <u>Knop</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The highest part and <i>knap</i> of the same
island.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Knapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp;  vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Knapping</u>.] [D. <i>knappen</i> to chew, bite, crack, take hold
of; prob. of imitative origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bite; to
bite off; to break short.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. ]</p>

<p><blockquote>He will <i>knap</i> the spears apieces with his
teeth.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He breaketh the bow, and <i>knappeth</i> the spear in
sunder.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xlvi. 9 (Book of Common Prayer.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike smartly; to rap; to snap.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a sound of
snapping.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp blow or
slap.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knap"bot`tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The bladder campion (<i>Silene inflata</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Knap"pish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Knap</u> to
strike.] <def>Snappish; peevish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knap"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>knap</i>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, cf. D. <i>knabbelen</i> to gnaw.]
<def>To break off with an abrupt, sharp noise; to bite; to
nibble.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Knap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having knaps; full
of protuberances or humps; knobby.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knap"sack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>knapzak</i>;
<i>knappen</i> to eat + <i>zak</i> a bag. See <u>Knap</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and <u>Sack</u>.] <def>A case of canvas or leather, for
carrying on the back a soldier's necessaries, or the clothing, etc.,
of a traveler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And each one fills his <i>knapsack</i> or his
scrip<BR>
With some rare thing that on the field is found.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knap"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The black centaury (<i>Centaurea nigra</i>); -- so called from
the knoblike heads of flowers. Called also <i>bullweed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knar</hw> (n&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gnar</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knarl</hw> (n&auml;rl), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A knot in
wood. See <u>Gnarl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knarled</hw> (n&auml;rld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Knotted.
See <u>Gnarled</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knarred</hw> (n&auml;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Knotty;
gnarled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>knarred</i> and crooked cedar
knees.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knar"ry</hw> (n&auml;r"r&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Knotty; gnarled.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knave</hw> (n&amacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., boy,
servant, knave, AS. <i>cnafa</i> boy, youth; cf. AS. <i>cnapa</i>
boy, youth, D. <i>knaap</i>, G. <i>knabe</i> boy, <i>knappe</i>
esquire, Icel. <i>knapi</i>, Sw. <i>knape</i> esquire,
<i>kn&auml;fvel</i> knave.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A boy;
especially, a boy servant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif. Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O murderous slumber,<BR>
Lay'st thou thy leaden mace upon my boy<BR>
That plays thee music ? Gentle <i>knave</i>, good night.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any male servant; a menial.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He's but Fortune's <i>knave</i>,<BR>
A minister of her will.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tricky, deceitful fellow; a dishonest
person; a rogue; a villain.</def> "A pair of crafty <i>knaves</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In defiance of demonstration, <i>knaves</i> will
continue to proselyte fools.</blockquote> <i>Ames.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "How many serving lads must have been unfaithful and
dishonest before <i>knave</i> -which meant at first no more than boy
-- acquired the meaning which it has now !"  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A playing card marked with the figure of a
servant or soldier; a jack.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Knave child</b></col>, <cd>a male child.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Villain; cheat; rascal; rogue; scoundrel;
miscreant.</p>

<p><hw>Knav"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Knaveries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
practices of a knave; petty villainy; fraud; trickery; a knavish
action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is flat <i>knavery</i>, to take upon you another
man's name.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Roguish or mischievous
tricks.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knave"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small due, in
meal, established by usage, which is paid to the under miller.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Knav"ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A knavish
woman.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knav"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Like or characteristic of a knave; given to knavery; trickish;
fraudulent; dishonest; villainous; as, a <i>knavish</i> fellow, or a
<i>knavish</i> trick.</def> "<i>Knavish</i> politicians."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mischievous; roguish; waggish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cupid is <i>knavish</i> lad,<BR>
Thus to make poor females mad.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knav"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a knavish manner; dishonestly; fraudulently.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mischievously; waggishly; roguishly.</def>
"<i>Knavishly</i> witty."  <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knav"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being knavish; knavery; dishonesty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knaw</hw> (n&add;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gnaw</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knaw"el</hw> (n&add;"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to
G. <i>knauelk</i>, <i>kn&auml;uel</i>, prop., a ball of thread, coil.
Cf. <u>Clew</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A low, spreading weed
(<i>Scleranthus annuus</i>), common in sandy soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knead</hw> (n&emacr;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Kneaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kneading</u>.] [OE. <i>kneden</i>, As. <i>cnedan</i>; akin to D.
<i>kneden</i>, G. <i>kneten</i>, Sw. <i>kn&aring;da</i>, Icel.
<i>kno&eth;a</i>; cf. OSlav. <i>gnesti</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To work and press into a mass, usually with the hands; esp., to
work, as by repeated pressure with the knuckles, into a well mixed
mass, as the materials of bread, cake, etc.; as, to <i>knead</i>
dough.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>kneading</i>, the making of the cake, the
heating of the oven, and the baking.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To treat or form as by kneading; to
beat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>knead</i> him : I'll make him
supple.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Kneading trough</b></col>, <cd>a trough or tray in which
dough is kneaded.</cd>  <i>Ex. viii. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knead"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
kneaded; capable of being worked into a mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knead"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
kneads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knead"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of one kneading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kne"bel*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Major von
<i>Knebel</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a gray, red, brown,
or green color, and glistening luster. It is a silicate of iron and
manganese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kneck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The twisting of a rope or cable, as it is running
out.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Knee</hw> (n&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>kne</i>,
<i>cneo</i>, As. <i>cne&oacute;</i>, <i>cne&oacute;w</i>; akin to OS.
<i>knio</i>, <i>kneo</i>, OFries. <i>kn&imacr;</i>, G. &amp; D.
<i>knie</i>, OHG. <i>chniu</i>, <i>chneo</i>, Icel. <i>kn&emacr;</i>,
Sw. <i>kn&auml;</i>, Dan. <i>kn&aelig;</i>, Goth. <i>kniu</i>, L.
<i>genu</i>, Gr. <grk>go`ny</grk>, Skr. <i>j&amacr;nu</i>,
&radic;231.  Cf. <u>Genuflection</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
man, the joint in the middle part of the leg.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
joint, or region of the joint, between the thigh and leg.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In the horse and allied animals, the carpal
joint, corresponding to the wrist in man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech. &amp; Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A piece of
timber or metal formed with an angle somewhat in the shape of the
human knee when bent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A bending of the knee, as in respect or
courtesy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give them title, <i>knee</i>, and
approbation.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Knee breeches</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Breeches</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Knee holly</b></col>, <col><b>Knee
holm</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>butcher's broom.</cd> --
<col><b>Knee jerk</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>a jerk or kick
produced by a blow or sudden strain upon the patellar tendon of the
knee, which causes a sudden contraction of the quadriceps muscle; one
of the so-called tendon reflexes.</cd> -- <col><b>Knee
joint</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Knee
timber</b></col>, <cd>timber with knees or angles in it.</cd> --
<col><b>Knee tribute</b></col>, or <col><b>Knee worship</b></col>,
<cd>tribute paid by kneeling; worship by genuflection.</cd> [Obs.]
"<i>Knee tribute</i> yet unpaid."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 817 !></p>

<p><hw>Knee</hw> (n&emacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
supplicate by kneeling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fall down, and <i>knee</i><BR>
The way into his mercy.</blockquote> <i>Shak</i></p>

<p><hw>Knee"brush`</hw> (n&emacr;"br&ubreve;sh`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
tuft or brush of hair on the knees of some species of antelopes and
other animals; -- chiefly used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A thick mass or
collection of hairs on the legs of bees, by aid of which they carry
the collected pollen to the hive or nest; -- usually in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knee"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The kneepan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cap or protection for the
knee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knee"-crook`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Obsequious; fawning; cringing.</def> "<i>Knee-crooking</i>
knave."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kneed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having knees;- used chiefly in composition; as, in-<i>kneed</i>;
out-<i>kneed</i>; weak-<i>kneed</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Geniculated; forming an
obtuse angle at the joints, like the knee when a little bent; as,
<i>kneed</i> grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knee"-deep`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rising to the knees; knee-high; as, water or snow <i>knee-
deep</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grass <i>knee-deep</i> within a month.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sunk to the knees; as, men <i>knee-
deep</i> in water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where <i>knee-deep</i> the trees were
standing.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knee"-high`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rising or
reaching upward to the knees; as, the water is <i>knee-
high</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knee"joint`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The joint of the knee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A toggle joint; -- so
called because consisting of two pieces jointed to each other end to
end, making an angle like the knee when bent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knee"joint`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Geniculate; kneed. See <u>Kneed</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kneel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Knelt</u> (?) or <u>Kneeled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Kneeling</u>.] [OE. <i>knelen</i>,
<i>cneolien</i>; akin to D. <i>knielen</i>, Dan. <i>kn&aelig;le</i>.
See <u>Knee</u>.] <def>To bend the knee; to fall or rest on the
knees; -- sometimes with <i>down</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he <i>kneeled</i> down, and cried with a loud
voice, Lord, lay not this sin to their charge.</blockquote> <i>Acts
vii. 60.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As soon as you are dressed, <i>kneel</i> and say the
Lord's Prayer.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kneel"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who kneels or who worships by or while kneeling.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cushion or stool to kneel on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A name given to
certain catechumens and penitents who were permitted to join only in
parts of church worship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kneel"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a kneeling
position.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knee"pan`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
roundish, flattened, sesamoid bone in the tendon in front of the knee
joint; the patella; the kneecap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knee"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piece shaped
like a knee; as, the <i>kneepieces</i> or ears of a boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>knel</i>,
<i>cnul</i>, AS. <i>cnyll</i>, fr. <i>cnyllan</i> to sound a bell;
cf. D. &amp; G. <i>knallen</i> to clap, crack, G. &amp; Sw. <i>knall</i> a
clap, crack, loud sound, Dan. <i>knalde</i> to clap, crack.  Cf.
<u>Knoll</u>, <i>n. &amp; v.</i>] <def>The stroke of a bell tolled at a
funeral or at the death of a person; a death signal; a passing bell;
hence, figuratively, a warning of, or a sound indicating, the passing
away of anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dead man's <i>knell</i><BR>
Is there scarce asked for who.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The curfew tolls the <i>knell</i> of parting
day.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knell</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Knelled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Knelling</u>.] [OE. <i>knellen</i>, <i>knillen</i>, As.
<i>cnyllan</i>. See <u>Knell</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To sound
as a knell; especially, to toll at a death or funeral; hence, to
sound as a warning or evil omen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not worth a blessing nor a bell to <i>knell</i> for
thee.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet all that poets sing, and grief hath known,<BR>
Of hopes laid waste, <i>knells</i> in that word,
"alone".</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To summon, as by a
knell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each matin bell, the baron saith,<BR>
<i>Knells</i> us back to a world of death.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knelt</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Kneel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knew</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Know</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>knikker</i>.]
<def>A small ball of clay, baked hard and oiled, used as a marble by
boys in playing.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; U. S.]  <i>Halliwell.
Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knick"er*bock`ers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The
name for a style of short breeches; smallclothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knick"knack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Knack</u>.] <def>A trifle or toy; a bawble; a gewgaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knick"knack`a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
collection of knickknacks.</def>  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knick"knack`er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Knickknacks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knife</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Knives</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>knif</i>, AS.
<i>cn&imacr;f</i>; akin to D. <i>knijf</i>, Icel. <i>kn&imacr;fr</i>,
Sw. <i>knif</i>, Dan. <i>kniv</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
instrument consisting of a thin blade, usually of steel and having a
sharp edge for cutting, fastened to a handle, but of many different
forms and names for different uses; as, table <i>knife</i>, drawing
<i>knife</i>, putty <i>knife</i>, pallet <i>knife</i>,
pocket<i>knife</i>, pen<i>knife</i>, chopping <i>knife</i>,
etc..</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sword or dagger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The coward conquest of a wretch's
<i>knife</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Knife grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>a tropical
American sedge (<i>Scleria latifolia</i>), having leaves with a very
sharp and hard edge, like a knife.</cd> -- <col><b>War to the
knife</b></col>, <cd>mortal combat; a conflict carried to the last
extremity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Knife</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Knifed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Knifing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>To prune
with the knife.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut or stab with a knife.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Knife"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A board on
which knives are cleaned or polished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knife"-edge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i>
<def>A piece of steel sharpened to an acute edge or angle, and
resting on a smooth surface, serving as the axis of motion of a
pendulum, scale beam, or other piece required to oscillate with the
least possible friction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Knife-edge file</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>File</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Knight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>knight</i>,
<i>cniht</i>, knight, soldier, As. <i>cniht</i>, <i>cneoht</i>, a
boy, youth, attendant, military follower; akin to D. &amp; G.
<i>knecht</i> servant; perh. akin to E. <i>kin</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A young servant or follower; a military
attendant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In feudal times, a
man-at-arms serving on horseback and admitted to a certain military
rank with special ceremonies, including an oath to protect the
distressed, maintain the right, and live a stainless life.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One on whom knighthood, a dignity next below
that of baronet, is conferred by the sovereign, entitling him to be
addressed as <i>Sir</i>; as, Sir John.</def> [Eng.] Hence:
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A champion; a partisan; a lover.</def> "Give
this ring to my true <i>knight</i>." Shak "In all your quarrels will
I be your <i>knight</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Knights</i>, by their oaths, should right poor
ladies' harms.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly, when a knight's name was not known, it was
customary to address him as <i>Sir Knight</i>. The rank of a knight
is not hereditary.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece used in the game of chess, usually
bearing a horse's head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A playing card bearing the figure of a
knight; the knave or jack.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Carpet knight</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Carpet</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Knight of industry</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Chevalier
d'industrie</i>, under <u>Chevalier</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Knight of
Malta</b></col>, <col><b>Knight of Rhodes</b></col>, <col><b>Knight
of St. John of Jerusalem</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Hospitaler</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Knight of the post</b></col>, <cd>one who gained his living
by giving false evidence on trials, or false bail; hence, a sharper
in general.</cd> <i>Nares.</i> "A <i>knight of the post</i>, . . .
quoth he, for so I am termed; a fellow that will swear you anything
for twelve pence." <i>Nash.</i> -- <col><b>Knight of the
shire</b></col>, <cd>in England, one of the representatives of a
county in Parliament, in distinction from the representatives of
cities and boroughs.</cd> -- <col><b>Knights commanders</b></col>,
<col><b>Knights grand cross</b></col>, <cd>different classes of the
Order of the Bath.</cd> See under <u>Bath</u>, and <u>Companion</u>.
<col><b>Knights of labor</b></col>, <cd>a secret organization whose
professed purpose is to secure and maintain the rights of workingmen
as respects their relations to their employers.</cd> [U. S.] --
<col><b>Knights of Pythias</b></col>, <cd>a secret order, founded in
Washington, d.C., in 1864, for social and charitable purposes.</cd> -
- <col><b>Knights of the Round Table</b></col>, <cd>knights belonging
to an order which, according to the legendary accounts, was
instituted by the mythical King Arthur. They derived their common
title from the table around which they sat on certain solemn
days.</cd>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Knighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Knighting</u>.] <def>To dub or create (one) a knight; -- done in
England by the sovereign only, who taps the kneeling candidate with a
sword, saying: Rise, Sir ---.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A soldier, by the honor-giving hand<BR>
Of C&?;ur-de-Lion <i>knighted</i> in the field.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knight"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The body of
knights, taken collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knight" bach"e*lor</hw> (?); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Knights
bachelors</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A knight of the most ancient, but
lowest, order of English knights, and not a member of any order of
chivalry. See <u>Bachelor</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knight" ban"ner*et</hw> (?); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Knights
bannerets</b></plw>. <def>A knight who carried a banner, who
possessed fiefs to a greater amount than the knight bachelor, and who
was obliged to serve in war with a greater number of attendants. The
dignity was sometimes conferred by the sovereign in person on the
field of battle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knight" bar"o*net</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Baronet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knight"-er`rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Knight-errants</b></plw>, or <plw><b>Knights-
errant</b></plw>. <def>A wandering knight; a knight who traveled in
search of adventures, for the purpose of exhibiting military skill,
prowess, and generosity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knight"-er`rant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Knight-errantries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The character or
actions of wandering knights; the practice of wandering in quest of
adventures; chivalry; a quixotic or romantic adventure or
scheme.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The rigid guardian [<i>i. e.</i>, conscience] of a
blameless heart<BR>
Is weak with rank <i>knight-erratries</i> o'errun.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knight"-er-rat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to a knight-errant or to knight-errantry.</def> [R.]
<i>Quart. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knight"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A bollard timber. See under <u>Bollard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knight"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Knight</i> +
<i>hood</i>: cf. AS. <i>chihth&amacr;d</i> youth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The character, dignity, or condition of a knight, or of knights
as a class; hence, chivalry.</def> "O shame to <i>knighthood</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If you needs must write, write C&aelig;sar's
praise;<BR>
You 'll gain at least a <i>knighthood</i>, or the bays.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole body of knights.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>knighthood</i> nowadays are nothing like the
<i>knighthood</i> of old time.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "When the order of <i>knighthood</i> was conferred with
full solemnity in the leisure of a court or court or city, imposing
preliminary ceremonies were required of the candidate. He prepared
himself by prayer and fasting, watched his arms at night in a chapel,
and was then admitted with the performance of religious rites.
<i>Knighthood</i> was conferred by the <i>accolade</i>, which, from
the derivation of the name, would appear to have been originally an
embrace; but afterward consisted, as it still does, in a blow of the
flat of a sword on the back of the kneeling candidate."  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knight"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unbecoming a
knight.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Knightless</i> guile."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knight"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
character or bearing suitable for a knight; chivalry.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knight`ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cnihtlic</i>
boyish.] <def>Of or pertaining to a knight; becoming a knight;
chivalrous; as, a <i>knightly</i> combat; a <i>knightly</i>
spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>knightly</i> jousts and fierce encounters
fit.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Excuses] full <i>knightly</i> without
scorn.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knight"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner
becoming a knight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And why thou comest thus <i>knightly</i> clad in
arms.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knight" mar"shal</hw> (?). <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>An officer
in the household of the British sovereign, who has cognizance of
transgressions within the royal household and verge, and of contracts
made there, a member of the household being one of the parties.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knight" serv"ice</hw> (?). <i>(Eng. Feud. Law)</i> <def>A
tenure of lands held by knights on condition of performing military
service. See <u>Chivalry</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knight" Tem"plar</hw> (?); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Knights
Templars</b></plw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Commandery</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3, and also <u>Templar</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1 and 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Knit</u> or <u>Knitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Knitting</u>.] [OE. <i>knitten</i>, <i>knutten</i>,
As. <i>cnyttan</i>, fr. <i>cnotta</i> knot; akin to Icel.
<i>kn&?;ta</i>, Sw. <i>knyta</i>, Dan. <i>knytte</i>. See
<u>Knot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form into a knot, or into
knots; to tie together, as cord; to fasten by tying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A great sheet <i>knit</i> at the four
corners.</blockquote> <i>Acts x. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When your head did but ache,<BR>
I <i>knit</i> my handkercher about your brows.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form, as a textile fabric, by the
interlacing of yarn or thread in a series of connected loops, by
means of needles, either by hand or by machinery; as, to <i>knit</i>
stockings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To join; to cause to grow
together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature can not <i>knit</i> the bones while the parts
are under a discharge.</blockquote> <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To unite closely; to connect; to engage;
as, hearts <i>knit</i> together in love.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy merit hath my duty strongly
<i>knit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Come , <i>knit</i> hands, and beat the ground,<BR>
In a light fantastic round.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A link among the days, to<i>knit</i><BR>
The generations each to each.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To draw together; to contract into
wrinkles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>knits</i> his brow and shows an angry
eye.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
form a fabric by interlacing yarn or thread; to weave by making knots
or loops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be united closely; to grow together;
as, broken bones will in time <i>knit</i> and become sound.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To knit up</b></col>, <cd>to wind up; to conclude; to come
to a close.</cd> "It remaineth to <i>knit up</i> briefly with the
nature and compass of the seas." [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Union knitting;
texture.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knit"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The plant comfrey; -- so called from its use as a
restorative.</def>  <i>Dr. Prier.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Knitch</hw> (?), <hw>Knitch"et</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Knit</u>.] <def>A number of things tied
or knit together; a bundle; a fagot.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When they [stems of asphodel] be dried, they ought to
be made up into <i>knitchets</i>, or handfuls.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knits</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Prob. same word as
<i>nit</i> a louse's egg.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Small particles of
ore.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knit"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
knits.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, knits, joins, or unites; a knitting machine.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knit"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The work of a knitter; the network formed by knitting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Union formed by knitting, as of
bones.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Knitting machine</b></col>, <cd>one of a number of
contrivances for mechanically knitting stockings, jerseys, and the
like.</cd> -- <col><b>Knitting &?;eedle</b></col>, <cd>a stiff rod,
as of steel wire, with rounded ends for knitting yarn or threads into
a fabric, as in stockings.</cd> -- <col><b>Knitting sheath</b></col>,
<cd>a sheath to receive the end of a needle in knitting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Knit"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Knit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A string that draws together a purse or
bag.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Nettles</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knives</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Knife</u>. See <u>Knife</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A modification of
<i>knop</i>.  Cf. <u>Nob</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hard
protuberance; a hard swelling or rising; a bunch; a lump; as, a
<i>knob</i> in the flesh, or on a bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A knoblike ornament or handle; as, the
<i>knob</i> of a lock, door, or drawer.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rounded hill or mountain; as, the Pilot
Knob.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Knop</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Knob latch</b></col>, <cd>a latch which can be operated by
turning a knob, without using a key.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Knob</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow into knobs or
bunches; to become knobbed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knobbed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing knobs;
full of knobs; ending in a nob. See <i>Illust</i> of
<u>Antenna</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The horns of a roe deer of Greenland are pointed at
the top, and <i>knobbed</i> or tuberous at the bottom.</blockquote>
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knob"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Knobbler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knob"bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Stone
Quarrying)</i> <def>Rough dressing by knocking off knobs or
projections.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knob"bler</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The hart in its second year; a young deer.</def> [Written also
<i>knobber</i>.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He has hallooed the hounds upon a velvet-headed
<i>knobbler</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knob"bling fire</hw> (?). <def>A bloomery fire. See
<u>Bloomery</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knob"by</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Knob</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of, or covered with, knobs or hard
protuberances.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Irregular; stubborn in particulars.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The informers continued in a <i>knobby</i> kind of
obstinacy.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in rounded hills or mountains;
hilly.</def> [U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knob"stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
refuses to join, or withdraws from, a trades union.</def> [Cant,
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Knock</hw> (n&obreve;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Knocked</u> (n&obreve;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Knocking</u>.] [OE. <i>knoken</i>, AS.
<i>cnocian</i>, <i>cnucian</i>; prob. of imitative origin; cf. Sw.
<i>knacka</i>.  Cf. <u>Knack</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive
or be driven against something; to strike against something; to
clash; as, one heavy body <i>knocks</i> against another.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike or beat with something hard or
heavy; to rap; as, to <i>knock</i> with a club; to <i>knock</i> on
the door.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For harbor at a thousand doors they
<i>knocked</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Seek, and ye shall find; <i>knock</i>, and it shall be
opened unto you.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vii. 7.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To knock about</b></col>, <cd>to go about, taking knocks
or rough usage; to wander about; to saunter.</cd> [Colloq.]
"<i>Knocking about town</i>." <i>W. Irving.</i> -- <col><b>To knock
up</b></col>, <cd>to fail of strength; to become wearied or worn out,
as with labor; to give out.</cd> "The horses were beginning to
<i>knock up</i> under the fatigue of such severe service." <i>De
Quincey.</i> -- <col><b>To knock off</b></col>, <cd>to cease, as from
work; to desist.</cd> -- <col><b>To knock under</b></col>, <cd>to
yield; to submit; to acknowledge one's self conquered; -- an
expression probably borrowed from the practice of <i>knocking under
the table</i> with the knuckles, when conquered.</cd> "Colonel Esmond
<i>knocked under</i> to his fate." <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><! p. 818 !></p>

<p><hw>Knock</hw> (n&obreve;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with something hard or heavy; to
move by striking; to drive (a thing) against something; as, to
<i>knock</i> a ball with a bat; to <i>knock</i> the head against a
post; to <i>knock</i> a lamp off the table.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When heroes <i>knock</i> their knotty heads
together.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike for admittance; to rap upon, as
a door.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Master, <i>knock</i> the door hard.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To knock down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To strike
down; to fell; to prostrate by a blow or by blows; as, <i>to knock
down</i> an assailant</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To assign to a
bidder at an auction, by a blow or knock; to knock off.</cd> --
<col><b>To knock in the head</b></col>, or <col><b>on the
head</b></col>, <cd>to stun or kill by a blow upon the head; hence,
to put am end to; to defeat, as a scheme or project; to frustrate; to
quash.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To knock off</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To force off by a blow or by beating.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To assign to a bidder at an auction, by a
blow on the counter</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To leave off (work,
etc.)</cd>. [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To knock out</b></col>, <cd>to force
out by a blow or by blows; as, to <i>knock out</i> the brains.</cd> -
- <col><b>To knock up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To arouse by
knocking</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To beat or tire out; to
fatigue till unable to do more; as, the men were entirely <i>knocked
up</i>.</cd> [Colloq.] "The day being exceedingly hot, the want of
food had <i>knocked up</i> my followers." <i>Petherick.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Bookbinding)</i> <cd>To make even at the
edges, or to shape into book form, as printed sheets.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Knock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
blow; a stroke with something hard or heavy; a jar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stroke, as on a door for admittance; a
rap.</def> " A <i>knock</i> at the door."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A loud cry or some great <i>knock</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Knock off</b></col>, <cd>a device in a knitting machine to
remove loops from the needles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Knock"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A felling by a
knock, as of a combatant, or of an animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knock"down`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of force
sufficient to fell or completely overthrow; as, a <i>knockdown</i>
blow; a <i>knockdown</i> argument.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Knock"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, knocks; specifically, an instrument, or kind of hammer,
fastened to a door, to be used in seeking for admittance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shut, shut the door, good John ! fatigued, I said;<BR>
Tie up the <i>knocker</i>; say I'm sick, I'm dead.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knock"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A beating; a rap; a
series of raps.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . repeated <i>knockings</i> of the head upon
the ground by the Chinese worshiper.</blockquote> <i>H.
Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knock"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Large lumps picked out of the sieve, in dressing ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knock"-knee`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A condition in which the knees are bent in so as to touch each
other in walking; inknee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knock"-kneed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
legs bent inward so that the knees touch in walking.</def> [Written
also <i>knack-kneed</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Knock"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>A block upon which ore is broken up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knoll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cnoll</i>; akin
to G. <i>knolle</i>, <i>knollen</i>, clod, lump, knob, bunch, OD.
<i>knolle</i> ball, bunch, Sw. <i>kn&ouml;l</i>, Dan. <i>knold</i>.]
<def>A little round hill; a mound; a small elevation of earth; the
top or crown of a hill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On <i>knoll</i> or hillock rears his crest,<BR>
Lonely and huge, the giant oak.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knoll</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Knolled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Knolling</u>.] [OE. <i>knollen</i>, AS. <i>cnyllan</i>. See
<u>Knell</u>.] <def>To ring, as a bell; to strike a knell upon; to
toll; to proclaim, or summon, by ringing.</def> "<i>Knolled</i> to
church."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Heavy clocks <i>knolling</i> the drowsy
hours.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knoll</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sound, as a bell;
to knell.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For a departed being's soul<BR>
The death hymn peals, and the hollow bells <i>knoll</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knoll</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tolling of a bell; a
knell.</def> [R.]  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knoll"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tolls a
bell.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>knop</i>,
<i>knoppe</i>; cf. D. <i>knop</i>, <i>knoop</i>, G. <i>knopf</i>,
Dan. <i>knap</i>, <i>knop</i>, Sw. <i>knapp</i>, <i>knopp</i>,
button, bud, Icel. <i>knappr</i>, and E. <i>knap</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> Cf. <u>Knap</u>, <u>Knob</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A knob; a bud; a bunch; a button.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Four bowls made like unto almonds, with their
<i>knops</i> and their flowers.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxv. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Any boldly projecting
sculptured ornament; esp., the ornamental termination of a pinnacle,
and then synonymous with <i>finial</i>; -- called also <i>knob</i>,
and <i>knosp</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Knop sedge</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the bur reed
(<i>Sparganium</i>); -- so called from its globular clusters of seed
vessels.</cd>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knopped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having knops or
knobs; fastened as with buttons.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knop"pern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>knopper</i>. See <u>Knop</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of
gall produced by a gallfly on the cup of an acorn, -- used in tanning
and dyeing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knop"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Knapweed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Knur</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Knosp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>knospe</i>
bud, E. <i>knop</i>, <i>knar</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Knop</u>,2.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>knot</i>,
<i>knotte</i>, AS. <i>cnotta</i>; akin to D. <i>knot</i>, OHG.
<i>chnodo</i>, <i>chnoto</i>, G. <i>knoten</i>, Icel. <i>kn&?;tr</i>,
Sw. <i>knut</i>, Dan. <i>knude</i>, and perh. to L. <i>nodus</i>.
Cf. <u>Knout</u>, <u>Knit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fastening together of the pars or ends of
one or more threads, cords, ropes, etc., by any one of various ways
of tying or entangling.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A lump or loop
formed in a thread, cord, rope. etc., as at the end, by tying or
interweaving it upon itself.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An
ornamental tie, as of a ribbon.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The names of knots vary according to the manner of their
making, or the use for which they are intended; as, <i>dow</i>knot,
<i>reef</i> knot, <i>stopper</i> knot, <i>diamond</i> knot, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bond of union; a connection; a
tie.</def> "With nuptial <i>knot</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere we knit the <i>knot</i> that can never be
loosed.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something not easily solved; an intricacy;
a difficulty; a perplexity; a problem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Knots</i> worthy of solution.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man shall be perplexed with <i>knots</i>, and
problems of business, and contrary affairs.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A figure the lines of which are interlaced
or intricately interwoven, as in embroidery, gardening, etc.</def>
"Garden <i>knots</i>."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Flowers worthy of paradise, which, not nice art<BR>
In beds and curious <i>knots</i>, but nature boon<BR>
Poured forth profuse on hill, and dale, and plain.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A cluster of persons or things; a
collection; a group; a hand; a clique; as, a <i>knot</i> of
politicians.</def> "<i>Knots</i> of talk."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His ancient <i>knot</i> of dangerous
adversaries.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Palms in cluster, <i>knots</i> of
Paradise.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As they sat together in small, separate <i>knots</i>,
they discussed doctrinal and metaphysical points of
belief.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A portion of a branch of a tree that forms
a mass of woody fiber running at an angle with the grain of the main
stock and making a hard place in the timber. A loose knot is
generally the remains of a dead branch of a tree covered by later
woody growth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A knob, lump, swelling, or
protuberance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With lips serenely placid, felt the <i>knot</i><BR>
Climb in her throat.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A protuberant joint in a plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The point on which the action of a story
depends; the gist of a matter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I shoulde to the <i>knotte</i> condescend,<BR>
And maken of her walking soon an end.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>See <u>Node</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
division of the log line, serving to measure the rate of the vessel's
motion. Each knot on the line bears the same proportion to a mile
that thirty seconds do to an hour. The number of knots which run off
from the reel in half a minute, therefore, shows the number of miles
the vessel sails in an hour.</def> Hence: <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
nautical mile, or 6080.27 feet; as, when a ship goes eight miles an
hour, her speed is said to be eight <i>knots</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A kind of epaulet. See <u>Shoulder
knot</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sandpiper
(<i>Tringa canutus</i>), found in the northern parts of all the
continents, in summer. It is grayish or ashy above, with the rump and
upper tail coverts white, barred with dusky. The lower parts are pale
brown, with the flanks and under tail coverts white. When fat it is
prized by epicures. Called also <i>dunne</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is said to be derived from King Canute, this bird
being a favorite article of food with him.</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>knot</i> that called was Canutus' bird of
old,<BR>
Of that great king of Danes his name that still doth hold,<BR>
His appetite to please that far and near was sought.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Knotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Knotting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tie in or with, or form
into, a knot or knots; to form a knot on, as a rope; to
entangle.</def> "<i>Knotted</i> curls."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As tight as I could <i>knot</i> the
noose.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite closely; to knit together.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To entangle or perplex; to puzzle.</def>
[Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Knot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
form knots or joints, as in a cord, a plant, etc.; to become
entangled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cut hay when it begins to <i>knot</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To knit knots for fringe or
trimming.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To copulate; -- said of toads.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knot"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The cloudberry (<i>Rudus Cham&aelig;morus</i>); -- so called
from its knotted stems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knot"grass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>a common weed with jointed stems
<i>(Polygonum aviculare)</i>; knotweed.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The dog grass. See under <u>Dog</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An infusion of <i>Polygonum aviculare</i> was once supposed
to have the effect of stopping the growth of an animal, and hence it
was called, as by Shakespeare, "hindering <i>knotgrass</i>."</p>

<p><blockquote>We want a boy extremely for this function,<BR>
Kept under for a year with milk and <i>knotgrass</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp;  Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knot"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from knots;
without knots.</def> "Silver firs with <i>knotless</i> trunks."
 <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knot"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of knots; having knots; knurled; as, a <i>knotted</i> cord;
the <i>knotted</i> oak.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Interwoven; matted; entangled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make . . . thy <i>knotted</i> and combined locks to
part.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having intersecting lines or
figures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The west corner of thy curious <i>knotted</i>
garden.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Characterized by small,
detached points, chiefly composed of mica, less decomposable than the
mass of the rock, and forming knots in relief on the weathered
surface; as, <i>knotted</i> rocks.</def>  <i>Percival.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Entangled; puzzling; knotty.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They're catched in <i>knotted</i> lawlike
nets.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knot"ti*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Knotty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
knotty or full of knots.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Difficulty of solution; intricacy;
complication.</def> " <i>Knottiness</i> of his style."
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knot"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Knottier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Knottiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of knots; knotted; having many knots; as, <i>knotty</i>
timber; a <i>knotty</i> rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hard; rugged; as, a <i>knotty</i>
head.</def>[R.]  <i>Rewe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Difficult; intricate; perplexed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>knotty</i> point to which we now
proceed</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knot"weed`</hw> (n&obreve;t"w&emacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Knotgrass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knot"wort`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small, herbaceous, trailing plant, of the genus
<i>Illecebrum</i> (<i>I. verticillatum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Knout</hw> (nout <i>or</i> n&oomac;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Russ. <i>knut'</i>; prob. of Scand. origin; cf. Sw. <i>knut</i>
knot, knout, Icel. <i>kn&umacr;tr</i> knot: cf. F. <i>knout</i>. See
<u>Knot</u>.] <def>A kind of whip for flogging criminals, formerly
much used in Russia. The lash is a tapering bundle of leather thongs
twisted with wire and hardened, so that it mangles the
flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To punish with the
knout.</def>  <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Know</hw> (n&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Knee.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Know</hw> (n&omacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Knew</u> (n&umacr;); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Known</u> (n&omacr;n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Knowing</u>.] [OE. <i>knowen</i>, <i>knawen</i>, AS.
<i>cn&auml;wan</i>; akin to OHG. <i>chn&auml;an</i> (in comp.), Icel.
<i>kn&auml;</i> to be able, Russ. <i>znate</i> to know, L.
<i>gnoscere</i>, <i>noscere</i>, Gr. <grk>gighw`skein</grk>, Skr.
<i>jn&amacr;</i>; fr. the root of E. <i>can</i>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, <i>ken</i>. &radic;45.  See <u>Ken</u>, <u>Can</u> to
be able, and cf. <u>Acquaint</u>, <u>Cognition</u>, <u>Gnome</u>,
<u>Ignore</u>, <u>Noble</u>, <u>Note</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
perceive or apprehend clearly and certainly; to understand; to have
full information of; as, to <i>know</i> one's duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, that a man might <i>know</i><BR>
The end of this day's business ere it come!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a certainty in the proposition, and we
<i>know</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Know</i> how sublime a thing it is<BR>
To suffer and be strong.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be convinced of the truth of; to be
fully assured of; as, to <i>know</i> things from
information.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be acquainted with; to be no stranger
to; to be more or less familiar with the person, character, etc., of;
to possess experience of; as, to <i>know</i> an author; to
<i>know</i> the rules of an organization.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath made him to be sin for us, who <i>knew</i> no
sin.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. v. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not to <i>know</i> me argues yourselves
unknown.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To recognize; to distinguish; to discern
the character of; as, to <i>know</i> a person's face or
figure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall <i>know</i> them by their
fruits.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vil. 16. </i></p>

<p><blockquote>And their eyes were opened, and they <i>knew</i>
him.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxiv. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To know<BR>
Faithful friend from flattering foe.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At nearer view he thought he <i>knew</i> the
dead.</blockquote> <i>Flatman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To have sexual commerce with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Adam <i>knew</i> Eve his wife.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. iv. 1.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Know</i> is often followed by an objective and an
infinitive (with or without to) or a participle, a dependent
sentence, etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>And I <i>knew</i> that thou hearest me
always.</blockquote> <i>John xi. 42.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The monk he instantly <i>knew</i> to be the
prior.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In other hands I have <i>known</i> money do
good.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To know how</b></col>, <cd>to understand the manner, way,
or means; to have requisite information, intelligence, or sagacity.
<i>How</i> is sometimes omitted.</cd> " If we fear to die, or
<i>know</i> not to be patient."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Know</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
have knowledge; to have a clear and certain perception; to possess
wisdom, instruction, or information; -- often with
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Israel doth not <i>know</i>, my people doth not
consider.</blockquote> <i>Is. i. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If any man will do his will, he shall <i>know</i> of
the doctrine, whether it be of God, or whether I speak of
myself.</blockquote> <i>John vii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The peasant folklore of Europe still <i>knows</i> of
willows that bleed and weep and speak when hewn.</blockquote>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be assured; to feel
confident.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To know of</b></col>, <cd>to ask, to inquire.</cd> [Obs.]
" <i>Know of</i> your youth, examine well your blood."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Know"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
known; capable of being discovered, understood, or
ascertained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus mind and matter, as known or <i>knowable</i>, are
only two different series of phenomena or qualities.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton. </i></p>

<p><hw>Know"a* ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being knowable.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Know"-all`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who knows
everything; hence, one who makes pretension to great knowledge; a
wiseacre; -- usually ironical.</def> [Colloq. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Know"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
knows.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Know"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Skilful; well informed; intelligent; as, a <i>knowing</i> man; a
<i>knowing</i> dog.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>knowing</i> and intelligent part of the
world.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Artful; cunning; as, a <i>knowing</i>
rascal.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Know"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Knowledge; hence,
experience.</def> " In my <i>knowing</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This sore night<BR>
Hath trifled former <i>knowings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Know"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>With knowledge; in a knowing manner; intelligently; consciously;
deliberately; as, he would not <i>knowingly</i> offend.</def>
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By experience.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Know"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being knowing or intelligent; shrewdness;
skillfulness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knowl"eche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Knowledge</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We consider and <i>knowleche</i> that we have
offended.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 819 !></p>

<p><hw>Knowl"ech*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Knowledge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knowl"edge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>knowlage</i>, <i>knowlege</i>, <i>knowleche</i>, <i>knawleche</i>.
The last part is the Icel. suffix <i>-leikr</i>, forming abstract
nouns, orig. the same as Icel. <i>leikr</i> game, play, sport, akin
to AS. <i>l&amacr;c</i>, Goth. <i>laiks</i> dance. See <u>Know</u>,
and cf. <u>Lake</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Lark</u> a
frolic.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of knowing; clear
perception of fact, truth, or duty; certain apprehension; familiar
cognizance; cognition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Knowledge</i>, which is the highest degree of the
speculative faculties, consists in the perception of the truth of
affirmative or negative propositions.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is or may be known; the object
of an act of knowing; a cognition; -- chiefly used in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a great difference in the delivery of the
mathematics, which are the most abstracted of
<i>knowledges</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Knowledges</i> is a term in frequent use by Bacon,
and, though now obsolete, should be revived, as without it we are
compelled to borrow "cognitions" to express its import.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To use a word of Bacon's, now unfortunately obsolete,
we must determine the relative value of
<i>knowledges</i>.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is gained and preserved by
knowing; instruction; acquaintance; enlightenment; learning;
scholarship; erudition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Knowledge</i> puffeth up, but charity
edifieth.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. viii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ignorance is the curse of God;<BR>
<i>Knowledge</i>, the wing wherewith we fly to heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That familiarity which is gained by actual
experience; practical skill; as, a <i>knowledge</i> of
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shipmen that had <i>knowledge</i> of the
sea.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings ix. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Scope of information; cognizance; notice;
as, it has not come to my <i>knowledge</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why have I found grace in thine eyes, that thou
shouldst take <i>knowledge</i> of me?</blockquote> <i>Ruth ii.
10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Sexual intercourse; -- usually preceded by
<i>carnal</i>; as, <i>carnal knowledge</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Wisdom</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Knowl"edge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
acknowledge.</def> [Obs.] "Sinners which <i>knowledge</i> their
sins."  <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Known</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Know</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Know"-noth`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of
a secret political organization in the United States, the chief
objects of which were the proscription of foreigners by the repeal of
the naturalization laws, and the exclusive choice of native Americans
for office.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The party originated in 1853, and existed for about three
years. The members of it were called <i>Know-nothings</i>, because
they replied "I don't know," to any questions asked them in reference
to the party.</p>

<p><hw>Know"-noth`ing*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrines, principles, or practices, of the Know-nothings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knubs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Waste silk
formed in winding off the threads from a cocoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knuc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>knokel</i>,
<i>knokil</i>, AS. <i>cuncel</i>; akin to D. <i>knokkel</i>, OFries.
<i>knokele</i>, <i>knokle</i>, G. <i>kn&ouml;chel</i>, Sw.
<i>knoge</i>, Dan. <i>knokkel</i>, G. <i>knochen</i> bone, and perh.
to E. <i>knock</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The joint of a finger,
particularly when made prominent by the closing of the fingers.</def>
<i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The kneejoint, or middle joint, of either
leg of a quadruped, especially of a calf; -- formerly used of the
kneejoint of a human being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With weary <i>knuckles</i> on thy brim she kneeled
sadly down.</blockquote> <i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The joint of a plant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The joining parts of a
hinge through which the pin or rivet passes; a knuckle
joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A convex portion of
a vessel's figure where a sudden change of shape occurs, as in a
canal boat, where a nearly vertical side joins a nearly flat
bottom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance, usually of brass or iron,
and furnished with points, worn to protect the hand, to add force to
a blow, and to disfigure the person struck; as, brass
<i>knuckles</i>; -- called also <i>knuckle duster</i>.</def>
[Slang.]</p>

<p><col><b>Knuckle joint</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a hinge joint,
in which a projection with an eye, on one piece, enters a jaw between
two corresponding projections with eyes, on another piece, and is
retained by a pin which passes through the eyes and forms the
pivot.</cd> -- <col><b>Knuckle of veal</b></col> <i>(Cookery)</i>,
<cd>the lower part of a leg of veal, from the line of the body to the
knuckle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Knuc"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Knuckled</u> (?);; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Knuckling</u> (?).] <def>To yield; to submit; -- used with
<i>down</i>, <i>to</i>, or <i>under</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To knuckle to</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To submit
to in a contest; to yield to</cd>. [Colloq.] See <i>To knock
under</i>, under <u>Knock</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To apply one's self vigorously or earnestly
to; as, <i>to knuckle to</i> work.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Knuc"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To beat with the
knuckles; to pommel.</def> [R.]  <i>Horace Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knuc"kled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Jointed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knuff</hw> (n&ubreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Gnof</u>
a churl.] <def>A lout; a clown.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The country <i>knuffs</i>, Hob, Dick, and Hick,<BR>
With clubs and clouted shoon.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knur</hw> (n&ucirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Knurl</u>.] <def>A knurl.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Knurl</hw> (n&ucirc;rl), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Knar</u>, <u>Gnar</u>.] <def>A contorted knot in wood; a
crossgrained protuberance; a nodule; a boss or projection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, is
crossgrained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knurl</hw> (n&ucirc;rl), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
provide with ridges, to assist the grasp, as in the edge of a flat
knob, or coin; to mill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knurled</hw> (n&ucirc;rld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of knots; gnarled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Milled, as the head of a screw, or the
edge of a coin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knurl"y</hw> (n&ucirc;rl"&ybreve;), [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Knurlier</u> (-&ibreve;*&etilde;r); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Knurliest</u>.] [See <u>Knur</u>, and cf. <u>Gnarly</u>.]
<def>Full of knots; hard; tough; hence, capable of enduring or
resisting much.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
knots.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ko*ai"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Coaita</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko*a"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tailless
marsupial (<i>Phascolarctos cinereus</i>), found in Australia. The
female carries her young on the back of her neck. Called also
<i>Australian bear</i>, <i>native bear</i>, and <i>native
sloth</i>.</def>
</p>

<p>{ <hw>Kob</hw> (?), <hw>Ko"ba</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of African
antelopes of the genus <i>Kobus</i>, esp. the species <i>Kobus sing-
sing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko"balt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cobalt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko"bel*lite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Franz von
<i>Kobell</i>, of Munich.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A blackish gray
mineral, a sulphide of antimony, bismuth, and lead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko"bold</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., perh. orig., house
god, hose protector. See <u>Cobalt</u>] <def>A kind of domestic
spirit in German mythology, corresponding to the Scottish brownie and
the English Robin Goodfellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko"dak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of portable
camera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ko"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name in India.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of cuckoos of the
genus <i>Eudynamys</i>, found in India, the East Indies, and
Australia. They deposit their eggs in the nests of other
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Koff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>kof</i>.] <def>A
two-masted Dutch vessel.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Koh`i*noor"</hw>, <hw>Koh`*nur</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>koh-i-n&?;r</i>, lit., mountain of
light.] <def>A famous diamond, surrendered to the British crown on
the annexation of the Punjab. According to Hindoo legends, it was
found in a Golconda mine, and has been the property of various Hindoo
and Persian rulers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kohl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Alcohol</u>.]
<def>A mixture of soot and other ingredients, used by Egyptian and
other Eastern women to darken the edges of the eyelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kohl"-ra`bi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Kohl-rabies</b></plw> (#). [G.  Cf. <u>Cole</u>, <u>Rape</u>
the plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A variety of cabbage, in which the
edible part is a large, turnip-shaped swelling of the stem, above the
surface of the ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ko*ka"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The gemsbok.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko"klass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any pheasant of the genus <i>Pucrasia</i>. The birds of this
genus inhabit India and China, and are distinguished by having a long
central and two lateral crests on the head. Called also
<i>pucras</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko*koon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The gnu.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>An individual of one of the races of aboriginal inhabitants
which survive in Hindostan.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Kolarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko*me"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prob. G.
<i>mekon</i>in (by transposition of letters) + <i>-ic</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to, or designating, an acid
derived from meconic acid.</def> [Written also <i>comenic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kom"tok</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An African freshwater fish (<i>Protopterus annectens</i>),
belonging to the Dipnoi. It can breathe air by means of its lungs,
and when waters dry up, it encases itself in a nest of hard mud,
where it remains till the rainy season. It is used as food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To know. See
<u>Can</u>, and <u>Con</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye <i>konnen</i> thereon as much as any
man.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ko"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Conite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Konze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large African antelope (<i>Alcelaphus Lichtensteini</i>),
allied to the hartbeest, but having shorter and flatter horns, and
lacking a black patch on the face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Koo"doo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large South African antelope (<i>Strepsiceros kudu</i>). The
males have graceful spiral horns, sometimes four feet long. The
general color is reddish or grayish brown, with eight or nine white
bands on each side, and a pale dorsal stripe. The old males become
dark bluish gray, due to the skin showing through the hair. The
females are hornless. Called also <i>nellut</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>kudu</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Koo"koom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The oryx or gemsbok.</def> [Written also <i>kookaam</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Koo`lo*kam"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A west African anthropoid ape
(<i>Troglodytes koolokamba</i>, or <i>T. Aubryi</i>), allied to the
chimpanzee and gorilla, and, in some respects, intermediate between
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kool"slaa`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Coleslaw</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Koord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Kurd</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Koord"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Kurdish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Koo*ril"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Kurilian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko"peck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>kopeika</i>.]
<def>A small Russian coin. One hundred kopecks make a rouble, worth
about sixty cents.</def> [Written also <i>kopek</i>, <i>copec</i>,
and <i>copeck</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ko"ran</hw> (k&omacr;"r<i>a</i>n <i>or</i> k&osl;*r&auml;n";
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>qor&amacr;n</i>. See
<u>Alcoran</u>.] <def>The Scriptures of the Mohammedans, containing
the professed revelations to Mohammed; -- called also
<i>Alcoran</i>.</def> [Written also <i>Kuran</i> or
<i>Quran</i>.]<BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Ko"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The gazelle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kor"ri*gum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A West African antelope (<i>Damalis
Senegalensis</i>), allied to the sassaby. It is reddish gray, with a
black face, and a black stripe on the outside of the legs above the
knees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kos"mos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cosmos</u>.</def>  <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ko*tow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chinese, knock head.]
<def>The prostration made by mandarins and others to their superiors,
either as homage or worship, by knocking the forehead on the ground.
There are degrees in the rite, the highest being expressed by three
knockings.</def> [China]  <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ko*tow"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kotowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kotowing</u>.] <def>To perform the kotow.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kou"lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wild horse (<i>Equus, or Asinus,
onager</i>) inhabiting the plains of Central Asia; -- called also
<i>gour</i>, <i>khur</i>, and <i>onager</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>kulan</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; It is sometimes confounded with the dziggetai, to which it
is closely related. It is gray in winter, but fulvous in summer. It
has a well defined, dark, dorsal stripe, and a short, erect mane. In
size, it is intermediate between the horse and ass.</p>

<p><hw>Kou"miss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>kumys</i>;
of Mongolian origin.] <def>An intoxicating fermented or distilled
liquor originally made by the Tartars from mare's or camel's milk. It
can be obtained from any kind of milk, and is now largely made in
Europe.</def> [Written also <i>koumyss</i>, <i>kumiss</i>,
<i>kumish</i>, and <i>kumys</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Koumiss</i> has from time immemorial served the
Tartar instead of wine or spirits.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kous"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
Abyssinian rosaceous tree (<i>Brayera anthelmintica</i>), the flowers
of which are used as a vermifuge.</def> [Written also <i>cusso</i>
and <i>kosso</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kow*tow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. i.</i></pos> <def>The same
as <u>Kotow</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have salaamed and <i>kowtowed</i> to
him.</blockquote> <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
long-tailed ape (<i>Macacus cynomolgus</i>) of India and Sumatra. It
is reddish olive, spotted with black, and has a black tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kraal</hw> (kr&auml;l <i>or</i> kr&add;l; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D., a village, inclosure, park, prob. fr. Pg.
<i>curral</i> a cattle pen; the same word as Sp. <i>corral</i>. See
<u>Corral</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A collection of huts within a
stockade; a village; sometimes, a single hut.</def> [South
Africa]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure into which are driven wild
elephants which are to be tamed and educated.</def> [Ceylon]</p>

<p><hw>||Krait</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very venomous snake of India (<i>Bungarus
c&oelig;ruleus</i>), allied to the cobra. Its upper parts are bluish
or brownish black, often with narrow white streaks; the belly is
whitish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kra"ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from OSw.
<i>krake</i>, or ODan. <i>krage</i> the trunk of a tree, the branches
of which are not entirely cut off, to which it was likened by the
Norwegian mariners.] <def>A fabulous Scandinavian sea monster, often
represented as resembling an island, but sometimes as resembling an
immense octopus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To believe all that has been said of the sea serpent
or <i>kraken</i>, would be credulity; to reject the possibility of
their existence, would be presumption.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a <i>kraken</i> huge and black.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kra*ko"wi*ak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A lively Polish dance. See <u>Cracovienne</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kra*me"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So called
after the German botanists, J. G. H. &amp; W. H. <i>Kramer</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of spreading shrubs with many stems, from
one species of which (<i>K. triandra</i>), found in Peru, rhatany
root, used as a medicine, is obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kra*mer"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, <i>Krameria</i> (rhatany); as,
<i>krameric</i> acid, usually called <i>ratanhia-tannic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Krang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>kreng</i> a
carcass.] <def>The carcass of a whale after the blubber has been
removed.</def> [Written also <i>crang</i> and <i>kreng</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Krang"ing hook`</hw> (?). <i>(Whaling)</i> <def>A hook for
holding the blubber while cutting it away.</def> [Written also
<i>cranging hook</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kre*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Creatic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kre"a*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Creatin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kre*at"i*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Creatinin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kreel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Creel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Krem"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>kremle</i>.]
<def>The citadel of a town or city; especially, the citadel of
Moscow, a large inclosure which contains imperial palaces,
cathedrals, churches, an arsenal, etc.</def> [Russia]</p>

<p><hw>Krems</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A variety of white
lead. See <i>Krems lead</i>, under <u>Lead</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Kreng</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Krang</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kre"o*sote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
Creosote.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kreut"zer</hw> (kroit"s&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>kreuzer</i>.] <def>A small copper coin formerly used in South
Germany; also, a small Austrian copper coin.</def> [Written also
<i>kreuzer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Kriegs"spiel`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>krieg</i> war + <i>spiel</i> play.] <def>A game of war, played for
practice, on maps.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Malay dagger. See
<u>Creese</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Krish"na</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
k&rsdot;sh&nsdot;a.] <i>(Hindoo Myth.)</i> <def>The most popular of
the Hindoo divinities, usually held to be the eighth incarnation of
the god Vishnu.</def></p>

<p><! p. 820 !></p>

<p><hw>Kri"tarch*y</hw> (kr&imacr;"t&auml;rk*&tcr;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>krith`s</grk> judge +
<grk>'archh`</grk> beginning, government.] <def>The rule of the
judges over Israel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Samson, Jephthah, Gideon, and other heroes of the
<i>kritarchy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kro*kid"o*lite</hw> (kr&osl;*k&ibreve;d"&osl;*l&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Crocidolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kro"ne</hw> (kr&omacr;"n&asl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan.]
<def>A coin of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, of the value of about
twenty-eight cents. See <u>Crown</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
9.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kroo"man</hw> (kr&oomac;"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Kroomen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>One of a
negro tribe of Liberia and the adjacent coast, whose members are much
employed on shipboard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Krul"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cruller</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Krumm"horn`</hw>, <hw>Krum"horn`</hw>  }
(kr&oomac;m"h&ocirc;rn`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>krummhorn</i>
cornet; <i>krumm</i> crooked + <i>horn</i> horn.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A reed instrument of music of the cornet
kind, now obsolete (see <u>Cornet</u>, 1,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A reed stop in
the organ; -- sometimes called <i>cremona</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Krupp" gun"</hw> (?). <def>A breech-loading steel cannon
manufactured at the works of Friedrich <i>Krupp</i>, at Essen in
Prussia. Guns of over eight-inch bore are made up of several
concentric cylinders; those of a smaller size are forged solid.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kry"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Cryolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ksar</hw> (z&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Czar</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ksha"tri*ya</hw> (?), <hw>Ksha"tru*ya</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>kshatriya</i> one belonging to the
military caste.] <def>The military caste, the second of the four
great Hindoo castes; also, a member of that caste. See
<u>Caste</u>.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>||Ku"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The East Indian tapir. See <u>Tapir</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ku"dos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>ky^dos</grk> glory.] <def>Glory; fame; renown; praise.</def>
<i>W. H. Russel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ku"dos</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To praise; to extol;
to glorify.</def> "<i>Kudos'd</i> egregiously." [R.]
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ku"du</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Koodoo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ku"fic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cufic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ku*kang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
[Native name.] <def>The slow lemur. See <u>Lemur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ku`klux"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The name adopted
in the southern part of the United States by a secret political
organization, active for several years after the close of the Civil
War, and having for its aim the repression of the political power of
the freedmen; -- called also <i>Kuklux Klan</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ku"lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Koulan</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ku"mish</hw> (?), <hw>Ku"miss</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Koumiss</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kum"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>k&uuml;mmel</i>
cumin, caraway seed, L. <i>cuminum</i>.  Cf. <u>Cumin</u>.] <def>A
Russian and German liqueur, consisting of a sweetened spirit flavored
with caraway seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kum"quat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>kin
keu</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small tree of the genus <i>Citrus</i>
(<i>C. Japonica</i>) growing in China and Japan; also, its small
acid, orange-colored fruit used for preserves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kup"fer*nick"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. See
<u>Copper</u>, and <u>Nickel</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Copper-nickel;
niccolite. See <u>Niccolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kurd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of a mountainous region of Western Asia belonging to the
Turkish and Persian monarchies.</def> [Written also
<i>Koord</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kurd"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Kurds.</def> [Written also <i>Koordish</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ku*ril"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Kurile Islands, a chain of islands in the Pacific
ocean, extending from the southern extremity of Kamschatka to
Yesso.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or an inhabitant
of the Kurile Islands.</def> [Written also <i>Koorilian</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Kur"saal`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>A public
hall or room, for the use of visitors at watering places and health
resorts in Germany.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ku`si*man"se</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A carnivorous animal (<i>Crossarchus
obscurus</i>) of tropical Africa. It its allied to the civets. Called
also <i>kusimansel</i>, and <i>mangue</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kus"kus</hw> (?), [Per. &amp; Hind. <i>khaskhas</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Vetiver</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kus"si*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>(Mus.) A Turkish
instrument of music, with a hollow body covered with skin, over which
five strings are stretched.</def> [Written also <i>kussir</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ku*tauss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The India civet (<i>Viverra zibetha</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Kutch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Goldbeating)</i>
<def>The packet of vellum leaves in which the gold is first beaten
into thin sheets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kutch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Catechu</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ky</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Kine.</def> [Scot.]
See <u>Kee</u>, <u>Kie</u>, and <u>Kine</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ky`a*bo"ca wood`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Amboyna wood.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sandalwood
(<i>Santalum album</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ky"a*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cyanite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ky"an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kyanized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kyanizing</u> (?).] [From Mr. <i>Kyan</i>, the inventor of the
process.] <def>To render (wood) proof against decay by saturating
with a solution of corrosive sublimate in open tanks, or under
pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ky"a*nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cyanite</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Aniline.</def> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A base obtained from coal tar.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ky*an"o*phyll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Cyanophyll</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kyar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cocoanut fiber, or
the cordage made from it. See <u>Coir</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kyaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
daw.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Kyd</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Kythe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kyd"de</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Kythe</u>, to show.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Spenser erroneously uses <i>kydst</i> to mean
"knowest."</p>

<p><hw>Kyke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Kike</u>.]
<def>To look steadfastly; to gaze.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>kike</i>, <i>keke</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This Nicholas sat ever gaping upright,<BR>
As he had <i>kyked</i> on the newe moon.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ky"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A variety of the
boomerang.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ky"loes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The cattle of
the Hebrides, or of the Highlands.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kym"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Kimnel</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ky"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wave +
<i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring,
and recording graphically, the pressure of the blood in any of the
blood vessels of a living animal; -- called also
<i>kymographion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ky`mo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a kymograph; as, a
<i>kymographic</i> tracing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kym"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cymric</u>, <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Kym"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cymry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kyn"rede</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Kindred.</def>
[Obs.]  <i> Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ky`nu*ren"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, dog
+ &?; urine.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an acid obtained from the urine of dogs. By
decomposition the acid yields a nitrogenous base (called
<i>kynurin</i>) and carbonic acid.</def> [Written also
<i>cynurenic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Kyr"i*e</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Kyrie
eleison</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kyr"i*e e*lei"son</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>ky`rie 'elei^son</grk>
.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Greek words, meaning
"Lord, have mercy upon us," used in the Mass, the breviary offices,
the litany of the saints, etc.</def>  <i>Addis &amp; Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The name given to the response to the
Commandments, in the service of the Church of England and of the
Protestant Episcopal Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kyr`i*elle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>kyrielle</i>.] <def>A litany beginning with the words, "Kyrie
eleison."</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kyr"i*o*lex`y</hw> (?), <hw>Kyr`i*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;. See <u>Curiologic</u>.] <def>The
use of literal or simple expressions, as distinguished from the use
of figurative or obscure ones.</def>  <i>Krauth-Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kyr`i*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Curiologic</u>.] <def>Serving to denote objects by conventional
signs or alphabetical characters; as, the original Greek alphabet of
sixteen letters was called <i>kyriologic</i>, because it represented
the pure elementary sounds. See <u>Curiologic</u>.</def> [Written
also <i>curiologic</i> and <i>kuriologic</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The term is also applied, as by Warburton, to those
Egyptian hieroglyphics, in which a part is put conventionally for the
whole, as in depicting a battle by two hands, one holding a shield
and the other a bow.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Kythe</hw>, <hw>Kithe</hw> (k&imacr;&thlig;) }, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Kydde</u>, <u>Kidde</u>
(k&ibreve;d"d<i>e</i>); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Kythed</u> (?),
Kid; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Kything</u>.] [OE.
<i>kythen</i>, <i>kithen</i>, <i>cu&eth;en</i>, to make known, AS.
<i>c&ymacr;&eth;an</i>, fr. <i>c&umacr;&eth;</i> known. &radic;45.
See <u>Uncouth</u>, <u>Can</u> to be able, and cf. <u>Kith</u>.]
<def>To make known; to manifest; to show; to declare.</def> [Obs. or
Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For gentle hearte <i>kytheth</i>
gentilesse.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kythe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To come into view; to
appear.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>kythes</i> bright . . . because all is dark
around it.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ky*tom"i*ton</hw> (k&isl;*t&obreve;m"&ibreve;*t&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. <grk>ky`tos</grk> a hollow vessel
+ <grk>mi`tos</grk> a thread.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Karyomiton</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ky`to*plas"ma</hw> (k&imacr;`t&osl;*pl&abreve;z"m&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ky`tos</grk> a hollow vessel
+ <grk>pla`sma</grk> thing molded.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Karyoplasma</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 821 !></p>

<p><point26>L.</point26></p>

<p><hw>L</hw> (&ebreve;l). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>L is the twelfth
letter of the English alphabet, and a vocal consonant. It is usually
called a <i>semivowel</i> or <i>liquid</i>. Its form and value are
from the Greek, through the Latin, the form of the Greek letter being
from the Ph&oelig;nician, and the ultimate origin prob. Egyptian.
Etymologically, it is most closely related to <i>r</i> and <i>u</i>;
as in pi<i>l</i>grim, pe<i>r</i>egrine, co<i>u</i>ch (fr.
co<i>ll</i>ocare), a<i>u</i>bura (fr. LL. a<i>l</i>burnus).</def></p>

<p>    At the end of monosyllables containing a single vowel, it is
often doubled, as in <i>fall</i>, <i>full</i>, <i>bell</i>; but not
after digraphs, as in <i>foul</i>, <i>fool</i>, <i>prowl</i>,
<i>growl</i>, <i>foal</i>. In English words, the terminating syllable
<i>le</i> is unaccented, the <i>e</i> is silent, and <i>l</i> is
preceded by a voice glide, as in <i>able</i>, <i>eagle</i>,
pronounced <i>&amacr;"b'l</i>, <i>&emacr;"g'l</i>.
    See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect; 241.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As a numeral, L stands for fifty in the
English, as in the Latin language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For 50 the Romans used the Chalcidian <i>chi</i>, &?;,
which assumed the less difficult lapidary type, &?;, and was then
easily assimilated to L.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor (The
Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><hw>L</hw> (&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An extension at right angles to the length of a main building,
giving to the ground plan a form resembling the letter L; sometimes
less properly applied to a narrower, or lower, extension in the
direction of the length of the main building; a wing.</def> [Written
also <i>ell</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A short right-angled pipe
fitting, used in connecting two pipes at right angles.</def> [Written
also <i>ell</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>La</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A syllable applied to the sixth tone of the
scale in music in solmization.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
tone A; -- so called among the French and Italians.</def></p>

<p><hw>La</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Lo</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Look; see; behold; -- sometimes followed by
<i>you</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An exclamation of surprise; -- commonly
followed by <i>me</i>; as, <i>La</i> me!</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Laas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lace. See
<u>Lace</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lab</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OD. <i>labben</i>
to babble.] <def>To prate; to gossip; to babble; to blab.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A telltale; a prater; a
blabber.</def> [Obs.] "I am no <i>lab</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lab"a*dist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>A follower of Jean de <i>Labadie</i>, a religious teacher of the
17th century, who left the Roman Catholic Church and taught a kind of
mysticism, and the obligation of community of property among
Christians.</def></p>

<p><hw>La`bar`raque's" so*lu"tion</hw> (?). [From <i>Labarraque</i>,
a Parisian apothecary.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An aqueous solution of
hypochlorite of sodium, extensively used as a disinfectant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lab"a*rum</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Labara</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>The standard adopted by the
Emperor Constantine after his conversion to Christianity. It is
described as a pike bearing a silk banner hanging from a crosspiece,
and surmounted by a golden crown. It bore a monogram of the first two
letters (<grk>CHR</grk>) of the name of Christ in its Greek form.
Later, the name was given to various modifications of this
standard.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Lab"da*num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Ladanum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lab`e*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Labefy</u>.] <def>The act of labefying or making weak; the state
of being weakened; decay; ruin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is in it such a <i>labefaction</i> of all
principles as may be injurious to morality.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lab"e*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>labefacere</i>; <i>labare</i> to totter + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>To weaken or impair.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>La"bel</hw> (l&amacr;"b&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>label</i> sort of ribbon or fringe, label in heraldry, F.
<i>lambeau</i> shred, strip, rag; of uncertain origin; cf. L.
<i>labellum</i>, dim. of <i>labrum</i> lip, edge, margin, G.
<i>lappen</i> flap, patch, rag, tatter (cf. <u>Lap</u> of a dress),
W. <i>llab</i>, <i>llabed</i>, label, flap, Gael. <i>leab</i>,
<i>leob</i>, slice, shred, hanging lip.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
tassel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet. Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slip of silk, paper, parchment, etc.,
affixed to anything, and indicating, usually by an inscription, the
contents, ownership, destination, etc.; as, the <i>label</i> of a
bottle or a package.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A slip of ribbon, parchment, etc.,
attached to a document to hold the appended seal; also, the
seal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A writing annexed by way of addition, as a
codicil added to a will.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A barrulet, or, rarely, a
bendlet, with pendants, or points, usually three, especially used as
a mark of cadency to distinguish an eldest or only son while his
father is still living.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A brass rule with sights, formerly used,
in connection with a circumferentor, to take altitudes.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Gothic Arch.)</i> <def>The name now
generally given to the projecting molding by the sides, and over the
tops, of openings in medi&aelig;val architecture. It always has a
square form, as in the illustration.</def>  <i>Arch. Pub.
Soc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>In medi&aelig;val art, the representation
of a band or scroll containing an inscription.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"bel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Labeled</u> (-b&ebreve;ld) or <u>Labelled</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Labeling</u> or
<u>Labelling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To affix a label to; to
mark with a name, etc.; as, to <i>label</i> a bottle or a
package.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To affix in or on a label.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>La"bel*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
labels.</def> [Written also <i>labeller</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||La*bel"lum</hw> (l&adot;*b&ebreve;l"l&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Labella</b></plw> (-
l&adot;), E. <plw><b>Labellums</b></plw> (-l&ubreve;mz). [L., dim. of
<i>labrum</i> lip.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The lower
or apparently anterior petal of an orchidaceous flower, often of a
very curious shape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small appendage
beneath the upper lip or labrum of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>labens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>labi</i> to slide, glide.] <def>Slipping; sliding;
gliding.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||La"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Labium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>labialis</i>,
fr. L. <i>labium</i> lip: cf. F. <i>labial</i>. See <u>Lip</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the lips or labia; as,
<i>labial</i> veins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Furnished with lips; as, a
<i>labial</i> organ pipe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Articulated, as a consonant, mainly by the lips, as b, p, m,
w.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Modified, as a vowel, by
contraction of the lip opening, as &oomac; (f&oomac;d), &omacr;
(&omacr;ld), etc., and as <i>eu</i> and <i>u</i> in French, and
<i>&ouml;</i>, <i>&uuml;</i> in German. See Guide to Pronunciation,
&sect;&sect; 11, 178.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
the labium; as, the <i>labial</i> palpi of insects. See
<u>Labium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bi*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>A letter or character representing an
articulation or sound formed or uttered chiefly with the lips, as
<i>b</i>, <i>p</i>, <i>w</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An organ pipe that is
furnished with lips; a flue pipe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the scales
which border the mouth of a fish or reptile.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bi*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phonetics)</i>
<def>The quality of being labial; as, the <i>labialism</i> of an
articulation; conversion into a labial, as of a sound which is
different in another language.</def>  <i>J. Peile.</i></p>

<p><hw>La`bi*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>The modification of an articulation by
contraction of the lip opening.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bi*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>To modify by contraction of the lip
opening.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bi*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a labial
manner; with, or by means of, the lips.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
labialize.</def>  <i>Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"bi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>labiatus</i>,
fr. L. <i>labium</i> lip.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Having the limb of a tubular corolla or calyx divided into two
unequal parts, one projecting over the other like the lips of a
mouth, as in the snapdragon, sage, and catnip.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Belonging to a natural order of plants
(<i>Labiat&aelig;</i>), of which the mint, sage, and catnip are
examples. They are mostly aromatic herbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bi*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the order <i>Labiat&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bi*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Labiate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>La`bi*a`ti*flo"ral</hw> (?), <hw>La`bi*a`ti*flo"ral</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Labiate</i> + L. <i>flos</i>,
<i>floris</i>, flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having labiate flowers, as
the snapdragon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lab`i*dom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>labi`s</grk>, <grk>-i`dos</grk>, a forceps + <i>meter</i>:  cf.
F. <i>labidometre</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A forceps with a measuring
attachment for ascertaining the size of the fetal head.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>labilis</i> apt
to slip, fr. <i>labi</i> to slip.] <def>Liable to slip, err, fall, or
apostatize.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Liability to
lapse, err, or apostatize.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*bim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>labimetre</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Labidometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La`bi*o*den"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Labium</i>
+ <i>dental</i>.] <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Formed or pronounced by the
cooperation of the lips and teeth, as <i>f</i> and <i>v</i>.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A labiodental sound or letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>La`bi*o*na"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Labium</i> +
<i>nasal</i>.] <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Formed by the lips and the
nose.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A labionasal sound or
letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bi*ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Labium</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the appearance of being
labiate; -- said of certain polypetalous corollas.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La`bi*pal"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Labipalpi</b></plw> (&?;). [NL. See <u>Labium</u>, and
<u>Palpus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the labial palpi of
an insect. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Labium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La"bi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Labia</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Labiums</b></plw> (#). [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lip, or liplike organ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The lip of an organ pipe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The folds of
integument at the opening of the vulva.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The organ of insects which covers the mouth beneath, and serves
as an under lip. It consists of the second pair of maxill&aelig;,
usually closely united in the middle line, but bearing a pair of
palpi in most insects. It often consists of a thin anterior part
(<i>ligula</i> or <i>palpiger</i>) and a firmer posterior plate
(<i>mentum</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Inner margin of the
aperture of a shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lab"lab</hw> (l&abreve;b"l&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>an East Indian name for several twining leguminous
plants related to the bean, but commonly applied to the hyacinth bean
(<i>Dolichos Lablab</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bor</hw> (l&amacr;"b&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>labour</i>, OF. <i>labour</i>, <i>laber</i>, <i>labur</i>, F.
<i>labeur</i>, L. <i>labor</i>; cf. Gr. <grk>lamba`nein</grk> to
take, Skr. <i>labh</i> to get, seize.] [Written also <i>labour</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Physical toil or bodily exertion, especially
when fatiguing, irksome, or unavoidable, in distinction from sportive
exercise; hard, muscular effort directed to some useful end, as
agriculture, manufactures, and like; servile toil; exertion;
work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God hath set<BR>
<i>Labor</i> and rest, as day and night, to men<BR>
Successive.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intellectual exertion; mental effort; as,
the <i>labor</i> of compiling a history.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which requires hard work for its
accomplishment; that which demands effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being a <i>labor</i> of so great a difficulty, the
exact performance thereof we may rather wish than look
for.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Travail; the pangs and efforts of
childbirth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The queen's in <i>labor</i>,<BR>
They say, in great extremity; and feared<BR>
She'll with the <i>labor</i> end.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any pang or distress.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The pitching or tossing of
a vessel which results in the straining of timbers and
rigging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> [Sp.] <def>A measure of land in Mexico and
Texas, equivalent to an area of 177&frac17; acres.</def>
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Work; toil; drudgery; task; exertion; effort;
industry; painstaking. See <u>Toll</u>.</p>

<p><hw>La"bor</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Labored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Laboring</u>.] [OE. <i>labouren</i>, F. <i>labourer</i>, L.
<i>laborare</i>. See <u>Labor</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [Written
also <i>labour</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exert muscular
strength; to exert one's strength with painful effort, particularly
in servile occupations; to work; to toil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adam, well may we <i>labor</i> still to dress<BR>
This garden.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exert one's powers of mind in the
prosecution of any design; to strive; to take pains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be oppressed with difficulties or
disease; to do one's work under conditions which make it especially
hard, wearisome; to move slowly, as against opposition, or under a
burden; to be burdened; -- often with <i>under</i>, and formerly with
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stone that <i>labors</i> up the hill.</blockquote>
<i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The line too <i>labors</i>,and the words move
slow.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To cure the disorder under which he
<i>labored</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Come unto me, all ye that <i>labor</i> and are heavy
laden, and I will give you rest.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xi. 28</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be in travail; to suffer the pangs of
childbirth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To pitch or roll heavily,
as a ship in a turbulent sea.</def>  <i> Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"bor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>labourer</i>, L.
<i>laborare</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To work at; to work; to
till; to cultivate by toil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most excellent lands are lying fallow, or only
<i>labored</i> by children.</blockquote> <i>W. Tooke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form or fabricate with toil, exertion,
or care.</def> "To <i>labor</i> arms for Troy."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To prosecute, or perfect, with effort; to
urge strenuously; as, to <i>labor</i> a point or argument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To belabor; to beat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lab"o*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>laborans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>laborare</i> to labor.] <def>A chemist.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lab"o*ra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Laboratories</b></plw> (#). [Shortened fr.
<i>elaboratory</i>; cf. OF. <i>elaboratoire</i>, F.
<i>laboratoire</i>. See <u>Elaborate</u>, <u>Labor.</u>] [Formerly
written also <i>elaboratory.</i>] <def>The workroom of a chemist;
also, a place devoted to experiments in any branch of natural
science; as, a chemical, physical, or biological <i>laboratory</i>.
Hence, by extension, a place where something is prepared, or some
operation is performed; as, the liver is the <i>laboratory</i> of the
bile.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing marks of
labor and effort; elaborately wrought; not easy or natural; as,
<i>labored</i> poetry; a <i>labored</i> style.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bored*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a labored
manner; with labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bor*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>labourer</i>.] <def>One who labors in a toilsome occupation; a
person who does work that requires strength rather than skill, as
distinguished from that of an <i>artisan</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bor*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That labors; performing labor; esp., performing coarse, heavy
work, not requiring skill also, set apart for labor; as,
<i>laboring</i> days.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sleep of a <i>laboring</i> man is
sweet.</blockquote> <i>Eccl. v. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suffering pain or grief.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Laboring oar</b></col>, <cd>the oar which requires most
strength and exertion; often used figuratively; as, to have, or pull,
the <i>laboring oar</i> in some difficult undertaking.</cd></p>

<p><hw>La*bo"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laboriosus</i>,fr. <i>labor</i> labor: cf. F. <i>laborieux</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Requiring labor, perseverance, or sacrifices;
toilsome; tiresome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dost thou love watchings, abstinence, or toil,<BR>
<i>Laborious</i> virtues all ? Learn these from Cato.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Devoted to labor; diligent; industrious;
as, a <i>laborious</i> mechanic.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>La*bo"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>La*bo"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>La"bor*less</hw> (l&amacr;"b&etilde;r*l&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not involving labor; not laborious;
easy.</def></p>

<p><! p. 822 !></p>

<p><hw>La"bor*ous</hw> (l&amacr;"b&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Laborious.</def> [Obs.] <i>Wyatt.</i> --
<wf>La"bor*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] <i>Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"bor-sav`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Saving
labor; adapted to supersede or diminish the labor of men; as,
<i>labor-saving</i> machinery.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bor*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made with, or requiring, great labor, pains, or diligence.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Likely or inclined to roll
or pitch, as a ship in a heavy sea; having a tendency to
labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lab`ra*dor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A region of
British America on the Atlantic coast, north of
Newfoundland.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Labrador duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a sea
duck (<i>Camtolaimus Labradorius</i>) allied to the eider ducks. It
was formerly common on the coast of New England, but is now supposed
to be extinct, no specimens having been reported since 1878.</cd> --
<col><b>Labrador feldspar</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Labradorite</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Labrador tea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of two
low, evergreen shrubs of the genus <i>Ledum</i> (<i>L. palustre</i>
and <i>L. latifolium</i>), found in Northern Europe and America. They
are used as tea in British America, and in Scandinavia as a
substitute for hops.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lab"ra*dor`ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A kind of feldspar commonly showing a beautiful play of colors,
and hence much used for ornamental purposes. The finest specimens
come from Labrador. See <u>Feldspar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>labrum</i>;
cf. It. <i>labbro</i>, pl. <i>labbra</i>.] <def>Lips.</def> [Obs. &
R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"broid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Labrus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like the genus Labrus; belonging
to the family <i>Labrid&aelig;</i>, an extensive family of marine
fishes, often brilliantly colored, which are very abundant in the
Indian and Pacific Oceans. The tautog and cunner are American
examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"brose`</hw> (l&amc;"br&omacr;s`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>labrosus</i>, fr. <i>labrum</i> lip.] <def>Having thick
lips.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La"brum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Labra</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Labrums</b></plw> (#). [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lip or edge, as of a basin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
organ in insects and crustaceans covering the upper part of the
mouth, and serving as an upper lip. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Hymenoptera</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The external
margin of the aperture of a shell. See <u>Univalve</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La"brus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Labri</b></plw> (-br&imacr;). [L., a sort of fish.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine fishes, including the
wrasses of Europe. See <u>Wrasse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*bur`nic</hw> (l&adot;*b&ucirc;r"n&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the
laburnum.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*bur`nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A poisonous alkaloid found in the unripe seeds of the
laburnum.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*bur"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A small leguminous tree (<i>Cytisus Laburnum</i>), native of the
Alps. The plant is reputed to be poisonous, esp. the bark and seeds.
It has handsome racemes of yellow blossoms.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Scotch laburnum (<i>Cytisus alpinus</i>) is similar, but
has smooth leaves; purple laburnum is <i>C. purpureus</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Lab"y*rinth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>labyrinthus</i>, Gr. <grk>laby`rinthos</grk>: cf. F.
<i>labyrinthe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An edifice or place full
of intricate passageways which render it difficult to find the way
from the interior to the entrance; as, the Egyptian and Cretan
<i>labyrinths</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any intricate or involved inclosure;
especially, an ornamental maze or inclosure in a park or
garden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any object or arrangement of an intricate
or involved form, or having a very complicated nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The serpent . . . fast sleeping soon he found,<BR>
In <i>labyrinth</i> of many a round self-rolled.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>labyrinth</i> of the mind.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An inextricable or bewildering
difficulty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I' the maze and winding <i>labyrinths o' the
world</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The internal ear. See Note
under <u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A series of canals through
which a stream of water is directed for suspending, carrying off, and
depositing at different distances, the ground ore of a metal.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A pattern or design
representing a maze, -- often inlaid in the tiled floor of a church,
etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Maze; confusion; intricacy; windings.  --
<u>Labyrinth</u>, <u>Maze</u>. <i>Labyrinth</i>, originally; the name
of an edifice or excavation, carries the idea of design, and
construction in a permanent form, while <i>maze</i> is used of
anything confused or confusing, whether fixed or shifting.
<i>Maze</i> is less restricted in its figurative uses than
<i>labyrinth</i>. We speak of the <i>labyrinth</i> of the ear, or of
the mind, and of a <i>labyrinth</i> of difficulties; but of the
<i>mazes</i> of the dance, the <i>mazes</i> of political intrigue, or
of the mind being in a <i>maze</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Lab`y*rin"thal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or resembling, a labyrinth; intricate; labyrinthian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lab`y*rin"thi*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Intricately winding; like a labyrinth; perplexed;
labyrinthal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lab`y*rin"thi*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Labyrinth</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the Labyrinthici.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One of the Labyrinthici.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lab`y*rin"thic</hw> (?), <hw>Lab`y*rin`thic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>labyrinthicus</i>: cf. F.
<i>labyrinthique</i>.] <def>Like or pertaining to a
labyrinth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lab`y*rin"thi*ci</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Labyrinth</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of teleostean
fishes, including the Anabas, or climbing perch, and other allied
fishes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have, connected with the gill chamber, a special
cavity in which a labyrinthiform membrane is arranged so as to retain
water to supply the gills while the fish leaves the water and travels
about on land, or even climbs trees.</p>

<p><hw>Lab`y*rin"thi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Labyrinth</i> + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>labyrinthiforme</i>.]
<def>Having the form of a labyrinth; intricate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lab`y*rin"thine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or like, a labyrinth; labyrinthal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lab`y*rin"tho*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>laby`rinqos</grk> labyrinth + <grk>'odoy`s</grk>,
<grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of very
large fossil amphibians, of the Triassic period, having bony plates
on the under side of the body. It is the type of the order
Labyrinthodonta. Called also <i>Mastodonsaurus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lab`y*rin"tho*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Labyrinthodonta.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Labyrinthodonta.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lab`y*rin`tho*don"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Labyrinthodon</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order of
Amphibia, including the typical genus Labyrinthodon, and many other
allied forms, from the Carboniferous, Permian, and Triassic
formations. By recent writers they are divided into two or more
orders. See <u>Stegocephala</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lac</hw> (l&abreve;k), <hw>||Lakh</hw> (l&auml;k) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>lak</i>, <i>l&amacr;kh</i>,
<i>l&amacr;ksh</i>, Skr. <i>laksha</i> a mark, sign, lakh.] <def>One
hundred thousand; also, a vaguely great number; as, a <i>lac</i> of
rupees.</def> [Written also <i>lack</i>.] [East Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Lac</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>lak</i>; akin to Skr.
<i>l&amacr;ksh&amacr;</i>: cf. F. <i>lague</i>, It. &amp; NL.
<i>lacca</i>.  Cf. <u>Lake</u> a color, <u>Lacquer</u>,
<u>Litmus</u>.] <def>A resinous substance produced mainly on the
banyan tree, but to some extent on other trees, by the <i>Coccus
lacca</i>, a scale-shaped insect, the female of which fixes herself
on the bark, and exudes from the margin of her body this resinous
substance.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Stick-lac</i> is the substance in its natural state,
incrusting small twigs. When broken off, and the coloring matter
partly removed, the granular residuum is called <i>seed-lac</i>. When
melted, and reduced to a thin crust, it is called <i>shell-lac</i> or
<i>shellac</i>. Lac is an important ingredient in sealing wax, dyes,
varnishes, and lacquers.</p>

<p><col><b>Ceylon lac</b></col>, <cd>a resinous exudation of the tree
<i>Croton lacciferum</i>, resembling lac.</cd> -- <col><b>Lac
dye</b></col>, <cd>a scarlet dye obtained from stick-lac.</cd> --
<col><b>Lac lake</b></col>, <cd>the coloring matter of lac dye when
precipitated from its solutions by alum.</cd> -- <col><b>Mexican
lac</b></col>, <cd>an exudation of the tree <i>Croton
Draco</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lac"cic</hw> (l&abreve;k"s&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>laccique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to lac, or
produced from it; as, <i>laccic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>laccine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow amorphous substance
obtained from lac.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lac"co*lite</hw> (?), <hw>Lac"co*lith</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a cistern + <i>-lite</i>, <i>-
lith</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A mass of igneous rock intruded
between sedimentary beds and resulting in a mammiform bulging of the
overlying strata.</def> -- <wf>Lac`co*lit"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lace</hw> (l&amacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>las</i>,
OF. <i>laz</i>, F. <i>lacs</i>, dim. <i>lacet</i>, fr. L.
<i>laqueus</i> noose, snare; prob. akin to <i>lacere</i> to entice.
Cf. <u>Delight</u>, <u>Elicit</u>, <u>Lasso</u>, <u>Latchet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which binds or holds, especially by
being interwoven; a string, cord, or band, usually one passing
through eyelet or other holes, and used in drawing and holding
together parts of a garment, of a shoe, of a machine belt,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His hat hung at his back down by a
<i>lace</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For striving more, the more in <i>laces</i> strong<BR>
Himself he tied.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A snare or gin, especially one made of
interwoven cords; a net.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Vulcanus had caught thee [Venus] in his
<i>lace</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fabric of fine threads of linen, silk,
cotton, etc., often ornamented with figures; a delicate tissue of
thread, much worn as an ornament of dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our English dames are much given to the wearing of
costly <i>laces</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Spirits added to coffee or some other
beverage.</def> [Old Slang]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Alencon lace</b></col>, <cd>a kind of point lace, entirely
of needlework, first made at Alencon in France, in the 17th century.
It is very durable and of great beauty and cost.</cd> -- <col><b>Bone
lace</b></col>, <col><b>Brussels lace</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under
<u>Bone</u>, <u>Brussels</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Gold
lace</b></col>, or <col><b>Silver lace</b></col>, <cd>lace having
warp threads of silk, or silk and cotton, and a weft of silk threads
covered with gold (or silver), or with gilt.</cd> -- <col><b>Lace
leather</b></col>, <cd>thin, oil-tanned leather suitable for cutting
into lacings for machine belts.</cd> -- <col><b>Lace lizard</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large, aquatic, Australian lizard
(<i>Hydrosaurus giganteus</i>), allied to the monitors.</cd> --
<col><b>Lace paper</b></col>, <cd>paper with an openwork design in
imitation of lace.</cd> -- <col><b>Lace piece</b></col>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>the main piece of timber which supports
the beak or head projecting beyond the stem of a ship.</cd> --
<col><b>Lace pillow</b></col>, &and; <col><b>Pillow lace</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Pillow</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lace</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Laced</u> (&amacr;st); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lacing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten
with a lace; to draw together with a lace passed through eyelet
holes; to unite with a lace or laces, or, figuratively. with anything
resembling laces.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When Jenny's stays are newly
<i>laced</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with narrow strips or braids of
some decorative material; as, cloth <i>laced</i> with silver.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To beat; to lash; to make stripes
on.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>lace</i> your coat for ye.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To add spirits to (a beverage).</def> [Old
Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Lace</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be fastened with a
lace, or laces; as, these boots <i>lace</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lace"-bark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A shrub in the West Indies (<i>Lagetta Iintearia</i>); -- so
called from the lacelike layers of its inner bark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fastened with a lace or laces; decorated with narrow strips or
braid. See <u>Lace</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Decorated with the fabric lace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A shirt with <i>laced</i> ruffles.</blockquote>
<i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Laced mutton</b></col>, <cd>a prostitute.</cd> [Old slang]
-- <col><b>Laced stocking</b></col>, <cd>a strong stocking which can
be tightly laced; -- used in cases of weak legs, varicose veins,
etc.</cd> <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lac`e*d&aelig;*mo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Lacedamonius</i>, Gr. <grk>Lakedaimo`nios</grk>, fr.
<grk>Lakedai`mwn</grk> Laced&aelig;mon.] <def>Of or pertaining to
Laced&aelig;mon or Sparta, the chief city of Laconia in the
Peloponnesus.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Spartan.</def>
[Written also <i>Lacedemonian</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lace"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lacemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who deals in
lace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lacerabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>lac&eacute;rable</i>.] <def>That can be
lacerated or torn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lacerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lacerating</u> (&?;>).] [L. <i>laceratus</i>, p. p.
of <i>lacerare</i> to lacerate, fr. <i>lacer</i> mangled, lacerated;
cf. Gr. &?; a rent, rending, &?; to tear; perh. akin to E.
<i>slay</i>.] <def>To tear; to rend; to separate by tearing; to
mangle; as, to <i>lacerate</i> the flesh. Hence: To afflict; to
torture; as, to <i>lacerate</i> the heart.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lac"er*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Lac"er*a`ted</hw> (?), } <pos><i>p.
a.</i></pos> [L. <i>laceratus</i>, <i>p. p.</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rent; torn; mangled; as, a <i>lacerated</i> wound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By each other's fury <i>lacerate</i></blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Jagged, or
slashed irregularly, at the end, or along the edge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laceratio</i>: cf. F. <i>lac&eacute;ration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of lacerating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A breach or wound made by
lacerating.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lac"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lacerating,
or having the power to lacerate; as, <i>lacerative</i> humors.</def>
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"cert</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lacerte</i>.
See <u>Lacertus</u>.] <def>A muscle of the human body.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*cer"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lacertus</i>
the arm.] <def>A fathom.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Domesday Book.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*cer"ta</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. a lizard. See
<u>Lizard</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus
of lizards. See <u>Lizard</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly it included nearly all the known lizards. It is
now restricted to certain diurnal Old World species, like the green
lizard (<i>Lacerta viridis</i>) and the sand lizard (<i>L.
agilis</i>), of Europe.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The Lizard, a northern
constellation.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*cer"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lacertien</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like a lizard; of or
pertaining to the Lacertilia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
of the Lacertilia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lac`er*til"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>lacertus</i> a lizard.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
Reptilia, which includes the lizards.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are closely related to the snakes, and like the
latter, usually have the body covered with scales or granules. They
usually have eyelids, and most of then have well-formed legs; but in
some groups (amphisb&aelig;na, glass-snake, etc.) the legs are
wanting and the body is serpentlike. None are venomous, unless
<i>Heloderma</i> be an exception. The order includes the chameleons,
the <i>Cionocrania</i>, or typical lizards, and the
amphisb&aelig;nas. See <u>Amphisb&aelig;na</u>, <u>Gecko</u>, <u>Gila
monster</u>, and <u>Lizard</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lac`er*til"i*an</hw> (-an), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Lacertian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*cer"ti*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Lacertilia</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or
belonging to the Lacertilia.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*cer"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Lacertian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La*cer"tus</hw> (l&adot;*s&etilde;r"t&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Lacerti</b></plw> (-
t&imacr;). [L., the upper arm.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A bundle or
fascicle of muscular fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lace"wing`</hw> (l&amacr;s"w&ibreve;ng`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of neuropterous
insects of the genus <i>Chrysopa</i> and allied genera. They have
delicate, lacelike wings and brilliant eyes. Their larv&aelig; are
useful in destroying aphids. Called also <i>lace-winged fly</i>, and
<i>goldeneyed fly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lace"-winged`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having thin, transparent, reticulated wings; as, the <i>lace-
winged</i> flies.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lach"es</hw> (?), <hw>Lache</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>lachesse</i>, fr. <i>lache</i> lax, indolent, F.
<i>l&acirc;che</i>, ultimately fr. L. <i>laxus</i> loose, lax. See
<u>Lax</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Neglect; negligence; remissness;
neglect to do a thing at the proper time; delay to assert a
claim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It ill became him to take advantage of such a
<i>laches</i> with the eagerness of a shrewd attorney.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lach"ry*ma*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lacrimabilis</i>, fr. <i>lacrima</i> a tear.]
<def>Lamentable.</def>  <i>Martin Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lach"ry*m&aelig; Chris"ti</hw> (?). [L., lit., Christ's
tears.] <def>A rich, sweet, red Neapolitan wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lach"ry*mal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lacrymal</i>. See <u>Lachrymose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to tears; as, <i>lachrymal</i> effusions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Pertaining to, or secreting, tears; as, the <i>lachrymal</i>
gland.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to the lachrymal
organs; as, <i>lachrymal</i> bone; <i>lachrymal</i> duct.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lach"ry*mal</hw>, <hw>Lac"ry*mal</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Lachrymatory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lach"ry*ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing,
or intended to contain, tears; lachrymal.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lach"ry*mate</hw> (-m&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To weep.</def> [R.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lach`ry*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lacrimatio</i>, from <i>lacrimare</i> to shed tears, fr.
<i>lacrima</i> tear.] <def>The act of shedding tears;
weeping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lach"ry*ma*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> -
<plw><b>ries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>lacrymatoire</i>.]
<i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A "tear-bottle;" a narrow-necked vessel found in
sepulchers of the ancient Romans; -- so called from a former notion
that the tears of the deceased person's friends were collected in it.
Called also <i>lachrymal</i> or <i>lacrymal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lach"ry*mi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, [L.
<i>lacrima</i> tear + <i>-form</i>; cf. F. <i>lacrymiforme</i>.]
<def>Having the form of a tear; tear-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lach"ry*mose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lacrymosus</i>, better <i>lacrimosus</i>, fr. <i>lacrima</i>,
<i>lacruma</i> (also badly spelt <i>lachryma</i>) a tear, for older
<i>dacrima</i>, akin to E. <i>tear</i>. See <u>Tear</u> the
secretion.] <def>Generating or shedding tears; given to shedding
tears; suffused with tears; tearful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You should have seen his <i>lachrymose</i>
visnomy.</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Lach"ry*mose`ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 823 !></p>

<p><hw>La"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of securing, fastening, or tightening, with a lace or
laces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lace; specifically <i>(Mach.)</i>, a
thong of thin leather for uniting the ends of belts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rope or line passing through eyelet
holes in the edge of a sail or an awning to attach it to a yard,
gaff, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bridge Building)</i> <def>A system of
bracing bars, not crossing each other in the middle, connecting the
channel bars of a compound strut.</def>  <i>Waddell.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*cin"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Lacini&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., the lappet or flap of a
garment.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One of the narrow, jagged, irregular pieces or divisions which
form a sort of fringe on the borders of the petals of some
flowers.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A narrow, slender portion of
the edge of a monophyllous calyx, or of any irregularly incised
leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The posterior, inner
process of the stipes on the maxill&aelig; of insects.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>La*cin"i*ate</hw> (?), <hw>La*cin"i*a"ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lacinia</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fringed; having a fringed border.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Cut into deep,
narrow, irregular lobes; slashed.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*cin"i*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lacinia</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Consisting of, or abounding in,
very minute lacini&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La*cin"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lacinul&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Lacinulas</b></plw>
(#). [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A diminutive lacinia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lak</i>; cf. D.
<i>lak</i> slander, <i>laken</i> to blame, OHG. <i>lahan</i>, AS.
<i>le&aacute;n</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Blame; cause of blame;
fault; crime; offense.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deficiency; want; need; destitution;
failure; as, a <i>lack</i> of sufficient food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She swooneth now and now for <i>lakke</i> of
blood.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let his <i>lack</i> of years be no
impediment.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lacked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lacking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To blame; to find fault
with.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Love them and <i>lakke</i> them not.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be without or destitute of; to want; to
need.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If any of you <i>lack</i> wisdom, let him ask of
God.</blockquote> <i>James i. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be wanting; often, impersonally, with <i>of</i>, meaning, to be less
than, short, not quite, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What hour now ?<BR>
I think it <i>lacks</i> of twelve.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Peradventure there shall <i>lack</i> five of the
fifty.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xvii. 28.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in want.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The young lions do <i>lack</i>, and suffer
hunger.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxiv. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lack</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Alack</u>.]
<def>Exclamation of regret or surprise.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lack`a*dai"si*cal</hw>
(l&abreve;k`&adot;*d&amacr;"z&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Lackadaisy</u>, <i>interj</i>.]
<def>Affectedly pensive; languidly sentimental.</def> --
<wf>Lack`a*dai"si*cal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lack"a*dai`sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [From
<u>Lackaday</u>, <i>interj</i>.] <def>An expression of
languor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lack"a*dai`sy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lackadaisical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lack"a*day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Abbreviated
from <i>alackaday</i>.] <def>Alack the day; alas; -- an expression of
sorrow, regret, dissatisfaction, or surprise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lack"brain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
deficient in understanding; a witless person.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lack"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lacks or
is in want.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lack"er</hw>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lacquer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lack"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lackeys</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>laquais</i>; cf. Sp. &amp; Pg.
<i>lacayo</i>; of uncertain origin; perh. of German origin, and akin
to E. <i>lick</i>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>An attending male
servant; a footman; a servile follower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a Christian footboy or a gentleman's
<i>lackey</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lackey caterpillar</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
caterpillar, or larva, of any bombycid moth of the genus
<i>Clisiocampa</i>; -- so called from its party-colored markings. The
common European species (<i>C. neustria</i>) is striped with blue,
yellow, and red, with a white line on the back. The American species
(<i>C. Americana</i> and <i>C. sylvatica</i>) are commonly called
<i>tent caterpillars</i>. See <i>Tent caterpillar</i>, under
<u>Tent</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lackey moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the moth which produces the lackey
caterpillar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lack"ey</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To attend as a
lackey; to wait upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand liveried angels <i>lackey</i>
her.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lack"ey</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lackeyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lackeying</u>.] <def>To act or serve as lackey; to pay servile
attendance.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lack"lus`ter</hw>, <hw>Lack"lus`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A want of luster.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting luster or brightness.</def>
"<i>Lackluster</i> eye."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lac"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Litmus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*co"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Laconia, a division of ancient Greece; Spartan.</def> -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of Laconia; esp., a
Spartan.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>La*con"ic</hw> (?), <hw>La*con"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Laconicus</i> Laconian, Gr. &?;&?;, fr.
&?;&?; a Laconian, Laced&aelig;monian, or Spartan: cf. F.
<i>laconique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Expressing much in few
words, after the manner of the Laconians or Spartans; brief and
pithy; brusque; epigrammatic. In this sense <i>laconic</i> is the
usual form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I grow <i>laconic</i> even beyond laconicism; for
sometimes I return only yes, or no, to questionary or petitionary
epistles of half a yard long.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His sense was strong and his style
<i>laconic</i>.</blockquote> <i>Welwood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Laconian; characteristic of, or like, the
Spartans; hence, stern or severe; cruel; unflinching.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His head had now felt the razor, his back the rod; all
that <i>laconical</i> discipline pleased him well.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Short; brief; concise; succinct; sententious;
pointed; pithy.  -- <u>Laconic</u>, <u>Concise</u>. <i>Concise</i>
means without irrelevant or superfluous matter; it is the opposite of
<i>diffuse</i>. <i>Laconic</i> means concise with the additional
quality of pithiness, sometimes of brusqueness.</p>

<p><hw>La*con"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Laconism.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*con"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Laconic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>La*con"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a laconic
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*con"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Laconism</u>.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lac"o*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
imitate Laced&aelig;monian manners, to speak laconically: cf. F.
<i>laconisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vigorous, brief manner
of expression; laconic style.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instance of laconic style or
expression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"o*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Laconized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Laconizing</u> (?).] [Gr. &?;. See <u>Laconic</u>.]
<def>To imitate the manner of the Laconians, especially in brief,
pithy speech, or in frugality and austerity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"quer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lacre</i> a
sort of sealing wax, Pg. <i>lacte</i>, fr.  <i>laca</i> lac. See
<u>Lac</u> the resin.] [Written also <i>lacker</i>.] <def>A varnish,
consisting of a solution of shell-lac in alcohol, often colored with
gamboge, saffron, or the like; -- used for varnishing metals, papier-
mach&eacute;, and wood. The name is also given to varnishes made of
other ingredients, esp. the tough, solid varnish of the Japanese,
with which ornamental objects are made.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Lac"quer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lacquered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lacquering</u>.] <def>To cover with lacquer.</def>
"<i>Lacquer'd</i> chair."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lac"quer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
lacquers, especially one who makes a business of
lacquering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"quer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
business of putting on lacquer; also, the coat of lacquer put
on.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La`cri*mo"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Lachrymose</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Plaintive; -- a term applied
to a mournful or pathetic movement or style.</def>  <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*crosse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>la
crosse</i>, lit., the crosier, hooked stick.  Cf. <u>Crosier</u>.]
<def>A game of ball, originating among the North American Indians,
now the popular field sport of Canada, and played also in England and
the United States. Each player carries a long-handled racket, called
a "<i>crosse</i>". The ball is not handled but caught with the crosse
and carried on it, or tossed from it, the object being to carry it or
throw it through one of the goals placed at opposite ends of the
field.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"ry*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lachrymatory</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Lachrymal</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lac"ry*ma*ry</hw>, <hw>Lac"ry*to*ry</hw>,
<hw>Lac"ry*mose</hw>. } <def>See <u>Lachrymary</u>,
<u>Lachrymatory</u>, <u>Lachrymose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"tage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lac</i>,
<i>lactis</i>, milk: cf. F. <i>laitage</i>. See <u>Lacteal</u>.]
<def>The produce of animals yielding milk; milk and that which is
made from it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"tam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lact</i>one +
<i>ami</i>do.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a series of anhydrides of
an amido type, analogous to the lactones, as oxindol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac*tam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an amido acid related to lactic
acid, and called also <i>amido-propionic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac*tam"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lac</i>tic +
<i>ami</i>de.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An acid amide derived from lactic
acid, and obtained as a white crystalline substance having a neutral
reaction. It is metameric with alanine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lactans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>lactare</i> to suck, fr. <i>lac</i>, <i>lactis</i>, milk.]
<def>Suckling; giving suck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"ta*rene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lac</i>,
<i>lactis</i>, milk.] <def>A preparation of casein from milk, used in
printing calico.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [l. <i>lactarius</i>,
fr. <i>lac</i>, <i>lactis</i>, milk: cf. F. <i>lactaire</i>.]
<def>Milky; full of white juice like milk.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Lactary</i> or milky plants."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lac"ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>a dairyhouse.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Lac"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lac</i>,
<i>lactis</i>, milk: cf. F. <i>lactate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of lactic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A giving suck;
the secretion and yielding of milk by the mammary gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"te*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lacteus</i>
milky, fr. <i>lac</i>, <i>lactis</i>, milk.  Cf. <u>Galaxy</u>,
<u>Lettuce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, milk; milky; as, the <i>lacteal</i> fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. &amp; Physiol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or containing, chyle; as, the <i>lacteal</i> vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"te*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One
of the lymphatic vessels which convey chyle from the small intestine
through the mesenteric glands to the thoracic duct; a chyliferous
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"te*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Milkily; in the
manner of milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"te*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lacteal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Milky; consisting of, or resembling,
milk.</def> "This <i>lactean</i> whiteness."  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. &amp; Physiol.)</i> <def>Lacteal;
conveying chyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"te*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lacteal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Milky; resembling
milk.</def> "The <i>lacteous</i> circle."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lacteal; conveying chyle; as,
<i>lacteous</i> vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"te*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lacteous
manner; after the manner of milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac*tes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lactescence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of
producing milk, or milklike juice; resemblance to milk; a milky
color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>lactescence</i> does commonly ensue when . . .
fair water is suddenly poured upon the solution.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The latex of certain plants.
See <u>Latex</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac*tes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lactescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>lactescere</i> to turn to milk,
incho. fr. <i>lactere</i> to be milky, fr. <i>lac</i>, <i>lactis</i>,
milk: cf. F. <i>lactescent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a
milky look; becoming milky.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing milk or a milklike
juice or fluid, as the milkweed. See <u>Latex</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lac</i>,
<i>lactis</i>, milk: cf. F. <i>lactique</i>. See <u>Lacteal</u>, and
cf. <u>Galactic</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to milk; procured from sour milk or whey; as, <i>lactic</i> acid;
<i>lactic</i> fermentation, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lactic acid</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
sirupy, colorless fluid, soluble in water, with an intensely sour
taste and strong acid reaction. There are at least three isomeric
modifications all having the formula
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. <i>Sarcolactic</i> or
<i>paralactic acid</i> occurs chiefly in dead muscle tissue, while
<i>ordinary lactic acid</i> results from fermentation. The two acids
are alike in having the same constitution (expressed by the name
<i>ethylidene lactic acid</i>), but the latter is optically inactive,
while sarcolactic acid rotates the plane of polarization to the
right. The third acid, <i>ethylene lactic acid</i>, accompanies
sarcolactic acid in the juice of flesh, and is optically
inactive.</cd> -- <col><b>Lactic ferment</b></col>, <cd>an organized
ferment (<i>Bacterium lacticum or lactis</i>), which produces lactic
fermentation, decomposing the sugar of milk into carbonic and lactic
acids, the latter, of which renders the milk sour, and precipitates
the casein, thus giving rise to the so-called spontaneous coagulation
of milk.</cd> -- <col><b>Lactic fermentation</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fermentation</u>.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Lac"tide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lac</i>tic +
anhydride.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline substance,
obtained from lactic acid by distillation, and regarded as an
anhydride; also, by extension, any similar substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [l. <i>lac</i>,
<i>lactis</i>, milk + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F.
<i>lactif</i>&egrave;<i>re</i>.] <def>Bearing or containing milk or a
milky fluid; as, the <i>lactiferous</i> vessels, cells, or tissue of
various vascular plants.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lac*tif"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Lac*tif"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lac</i>, <i>lactis</i>, milk +
<i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Producing or yielding milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"ti*fuge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lac</i>,
<i>lactis</i>, milk + <i>fugare</i> to expel.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine to check the secretion of milk, or to dispel a supposed
accumulation of milk in any part of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"tim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lactic</i> +
<i>im</i>ido.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a series of anhydrides
resembling the lactams, but of an imido type; as, isatine is a
<i>lactim</i>.  Cf. <u>Lactam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac*tim"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lactic</i> +
<i>imide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline substance
obtained as an anhydride of alanine, and regarded as an imido
derivative of lactic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lac</i>,
<i>lactis</i>, milk: cf. F. <i>lactine</i>.  Cf. <u>Galactin</u>.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Lactose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac`to*a*bu"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lac</i>,
<i>lactis</i>, milk + E. <i>albumin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>The albumin present in milk, apparently identical with ordinary
serum albumin. It is distinct from the casein of milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac`to*bu`ty*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lac</i>, <i>lactis</i>, milk + E. <i>butyrometer</i>.] <def>An
instrument for determining the amount of butter fat contained in a
given sample of milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac`to*den*sim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lac</i>, <i>lactis</i>, milk + E. <i>densimeter</i>.] <def>A form
of hydrometer, specially graduated, for finding the density of milk,
and thus discovering whether it has been mixed with water or some of
the cream has been removed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lac</i>,
<i>lactis</i>, milk + <i>meter</i>: cf. F. <i>lactom&egrave;tre</i>.
Cf. <u>Galactometer</u>.] <def>An instrument for estimating the
purity or richness of milk, as a measuring glass, a specific gravity
bulb, or other apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>One of a series of organic compounds, regarded as anhydrides of
certain hydroxy acids. In general, they are colorless liquids, having
a weak aromatic odor. They are so called because the typical lactone
is derived from <i>lactic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Lactone</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or derived
from, lactone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac*ton"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Lactose</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained
by the oxidation of milk sugar (<i>lactose</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac`to*pro"te*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lac</i>, <i>lactis</i>, milk + E. <i>protein</i>.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A peculiar albuminous body considered a normal
constituent of milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lactiferous.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Lactory</i> or milky plants."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lac"to*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lac</i>,
<i>lactis</i> + <i>scope</i>.] <def>An instrument for estimating the
amount of cream contained in milk by ascertaining its relative
opacity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Sugar of milk or milk sugar; a
crystalline sugar present in milk, and separable from the whey by
evaporation and crystallization. It has a slightly sweet taste, is
dextrorotary, and is much less soluble in water than either cane
sugar or glucose. Formerly called <i>lactin</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Galactose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lac*tu"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., lettuce. See
<u>Lettuce</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of composite herbs,
several of which are cultivated for salad; lettuce.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lac`tu*ca"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>lactuca</i> lettuce.] <def>The inspissated juice of the common
lettuce, sometimes used as a substitute for opium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac*tu"cic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, the juice of the <i>Lactuca
virosa</i>; -- said of certain acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac*tu"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Lactuca</u>: cf. F. <i>lactucine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white, crystalline substance, having a bitter taste and a neutral
reaction, and forming one of the essential ingredients of
lactucarium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac*tu"cone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Lactuca</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline, tasteless
substance, found in the milky sap of species of Lactuca, and
constituting an essential ingredient of lactucarium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac`tu*ram"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lactic</i>
+ <i>urea</i> + <i>amic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an organic amido acid, which is regarded as a derivative
of lactic acid and urea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lac"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lactic</i> + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An organic residue or radical derived
from lactic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La*cu"na</hw> (l&adot;*k&umacr;"n&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Lacun&aelig;</b></plw>
(#); E. <plw><b>Lacunas</b></plw> (#). [L., ditch, pit, lake, orig.,
anything hollow. See <u>Lagoon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
opening; a small pit or depression; a small blank space; a gap or
vacancy; a hiatus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A small opening; a small
depression or cavity; a space, as a vacant space between the cells of
plants, or one of the spaces left among the tissues of the lower
animals, which serve in place of vessels for the circulation of the
body fluids, or the cavity or sac, usually of very small size, in a
mucous membrane.</def></p>

<p><! p. 824 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>La*cu"nal</hw> (l&adot;*k&umacr;"n<i>a</i>l),
<hw>La*cu"nar</hw> (l&adot;*k&umacr;"n&etilde;r), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or having, lacun&aelig;; as,
a <i>lacunar</i> circulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*cu"nar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Lacunars</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Lacunaria</b></plw> (#).
[L.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The ceiling or under
surface of any part, especially when it consists of compartments,
sunk or hollowed without spaces or bands between the panels.</def>
<i>Gwilt</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the sunken panels in
such a ceiling.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*cune"</hw> (l&adot;*k&umacr;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A lacuna.</def> [R.] <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lac"u*nose`</hw> (?), <hw>La*cu"nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lacunosus</i> full of holes or hollows;
cf. F. <i>lacuneux</i>. See <u>Lacuna</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Furrowed or pitted; having shallow cavities or lacun&aelig;; as,
a <i>lacunose</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>La*cus"tral</hw> (?), <hw>La*cus"trine</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lacus</i> lake: cf. F. <i>lacustral</i>,
<i>lacustre</i>.] <def>Found in, or pertaining to, lakes or ponds, or
growing in them; as, <i>lacustrine</i> flowers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lacustrine deposits</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the
deposits which have been accumulated in fresh-water areas.</cd> --
<col><b>Lacustrine dwellings</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Lake
dwellings</i>, under <u>Lake</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lac"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ornamentation by
means of lacquer painted or carved, or simply colored, sprinkled with
gold or the like; -- said especially of Oriental work of this
kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lad</hw> (l&abreve;d), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Lead</u>, to guide.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lad</hw> (l&abreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ladde</i>,
of Celtic origin; cf. W. <i>llawd</i>, Ir. <i>lath</i>. &radic;123.
Cf. <u>Lass</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A boy; a youth; a
stripling.</def> "Cupid is a knavish <i>lad</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>lad</i> here, which hath five barley
loaves and two small fishes.</blockquote> <i>John vi. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A companion; a comrade; a mate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lad's love</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Boy's
love</i>, under <u>Boy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lad"a*num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ladanum</i>,
<i>ledanum</i>, Gr. <grk>la`danon</grk>, <grk>lh`danon</grk>, fr.
<grk>lh^don</grk> name of a shrub, mastic; cf. Per.
<i>l&amacr;dan</i>, <i>l&amacr;den</i>.  Cf. <u>Laudanum</u>.] <def>A
gum resin gathered from certain Oriental species of <i>Cistus</i>. It
has a pungent odor and is chiefly used in making plasters, and for
fumigation.</def> [Written also <i>labdanum</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lad"de</hw> (?), obs.  <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Lead</u>, to guide.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lad"der</hw> (-d&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>laddre</i>, AS. <i>hl&aemacr;der</i>, <i>hl&aemacr;dder</i>; akin
to OFries. <i>hladder</i>, OHG. <i>leitara</i>, G. <i>leiter</i>, and
from the root of E. <i>lean</i>, v.  &radic;40. See <u>Lean</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Climax</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A frame usually portable, of wood, metal, or rope, for ascent
and descent, consisting of two side pieces to which are fastened
cross strips or rounds forming steps.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some the engines play,<BR>
And some, more bold, mount <i>ladders</i> to the fire.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles a ladder in form or
use; hence, that by means of which one attains to eminence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lowliness is young ambition's
<i>ladder</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fish ladder</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fish</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ladder beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American
leaf beetle (<i>Chrysomela scalaris</i>). The elytra are silvery
white, striped and spotted with green; the under wings are rose-
colored. It feeds upon the linden tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Ladder
handle</b></col>, <cd>an iron rail at the side of a vertical fixed
ladder, to grasp with the hand in climbing.</cd> -- <col><b>Ladder
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a spiral marine shell of the
genus Scalaria. See <u>Scalaria</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lad"die</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lad; a male
sweetheart.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Lade</hw> (l&amacr;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Laded</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Laded</u>, <u>Laden</u> (l&amacr;d'n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lading</u>.] [AS. <i>hladan</i> to heap, load, draw
(water); akin to D. &amp; G. <i>laden</i> to load, OHG. <i>hladan</i>,
<i>ladan</i>, Icel. <i>hla&eth;a</i>, Sw. <i>ladda</i>, Dan.
<i>lade</i>, Goth. <i>afhla&thorn;an</i>.  Cf. <u>Load</u>,
<u>Ladle</u>, <u>Lathe</u> for turning, <u>Last</u> a load.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To load; to put a burden or freight on or in;
-- generally followed by that which receives the load, as the direct
object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And they <i>laded</i> their asses with the
corn.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xlii. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw in or out, with a ladle or
dipper; to dip; as, to <i>lade</i> water out of a tub, or into a
cistern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And chides the sea that sunders him from thence,<BR>
Saying, he'll <i>lade</i> it dry to have his way.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Plate Glass Manuf.)</i> <def>To transfer
(the molten glass) from the pot to the forming table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lade</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Lade</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw water.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To admit water by leakage,
as a ship, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E., a ditch or drain.
Cf. <u>Lode</u>, <u>Lead</u> to conduct.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
mouth of a river.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Gibson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A passage for water; a ditch or
drain.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lade"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who leads a
pack horse; a miller's servant.</def> [Obs. or Local]</p>

<p><hw>Lad"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Loaded;
freighted; burdened; as, a <i>laden</i> vessel; a <i>laden</i>
heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ah sinful nation, a people <i>laden</i> with
iniquity.</blockquote> <i>Is. i. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A ship <i>laden</i> with gold.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"died</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ladylike; not
rough; gentle.</def> [Obs.] "Stroked with a <i>ladied</i> land."
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"dies' ear`drops`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The small-
flowered Fuchsia (<i>F. coccinea</i>), and other closely related
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"di*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Lady</i> + <i>-
fy</i>.] <def>To make a lady of; to make ladylike.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*din"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>Latinus</i>
Latin. See <u>Latin</u>] <def>A Romansch dialect spoken in some parts
of Switzerland and the Tyrol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lad"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of loading.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which lades or constitutes a load or
cargo; freight; burden; as, the <i>lading</i> of a ship.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of lading</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bill</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||La*di"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ladinos</b></plw> (#). [Sp.] <def>One of the half-breed
descendants of whites and Indians; a mestizo; -- so called throughout
Central America. They are usually of a yellowish orange tinge.</def>
<i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lad"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
lad.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hl&aelig;del</i>, fr. <i>hladan</i> to load, drain. See
<u>Lade</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
cuplike spoon, often of large size, with a long handle, used in
lading or dipping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the materials of glass have been kept long in
fusion, the mixture casts up the superfluous salt, which the workmen
take off with <i>ladles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A vessel to carry liquid
metal from the furnace to the mold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The float of a mill wheel; -- called also
<i>ladle board</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
instrument for drawing the charge of a cannon.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A ring, with a handle or handles fitted to
it, for carrying shot.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ladle wood</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the wood of a
South African tree (<i>Cassine Colpoon</i>), used for
carving.</cd></p>

<p><hw>La"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ladled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ladling</u> (?).] <def>To take up and convey in a ladle; to dip
with, or as with, a ladle; as, to <i>ladle</i> out soup; to
<i>ladle</i> oatmeal into a kettle.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dle*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ladlefuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A quantity sufficient to fill
a ladle.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*drone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>ladron</i>,
L. <i>latro</i> servant, robber, Gr. (&?;) a servant.] <def>A robber;
a pirate; hence, loosely, a rogue or rascal.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy</hw> (l&amacr;"d&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Ladies</b></plw> (-d&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>ladi</i>,
<i>l&aelig;fdi</i>, AS. <i>hl&aemacr;fdige</i>,
<i>hl&aemacr;fdie</i>; AS. <i>hl&amacr;f</i> loaf + a root of
uncertain origin, possibly akin to E. <i>dairy</i>. See <u>Loaf</u>,
and cf. <u>Lord</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman who looks after the domestic
affairs of a family; a mistress; the female head of a
household.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Agar, the handmaiden of Sara, whence comest thou, and
whither goest thou? The which answered, Fro the face of Sara my
<i>lady</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Gen. xvi. 8.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman having proprietary rights or
authority; mistress; -- a feminine correlative of <i>lord</i>.</def>
"Lord or <i>lady</i> of high degree."  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of all these bounds, even from this line to this, . .
. <BR>
We make thee <i>lady</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A woman to whom the particular homage of a
knight was paid; a woman to whom one is devoted or bound; a
sweetheart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soldier here his wasted store supplies,<BR>
And takes new valor from his <i>lady's</i> eyes.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A woman of social distinction or position.
In England, a title prefixed to the name of any woman whose husband
is not of lower rank than a baron, or whose father was a nobleman not
lower than an earl. The wife of a baronet or knight has the title of
<i>Lady</i> by courtesy, but not by right.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A woman of refined or gentle manners; a
well-bred woman; -- the feminine correlative of
<i>gentleman</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A wife; -- not now in approved
usage.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The triturating
apparatus in the stomach of a lobster; -- so called from a fancied
resemblance to a seated female figure. It consists of calcareous
plates.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ladies' man</b></col>, <cd>a man who affects the society
of ladies.</cd> -- <col><b>Lady altar</b></col>, <cd>an altar in a
lady chapel.</cd> <i>Shipley.</i> -- <col><b>Lady chapel</b></col>,
<cd>a chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary.</cd> -- <col><b>Lady
court</b></col>, <cd>the court of a lady of the manor.</cd> --
<col><b>Lady crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a handsomely
spotted swimming crab (<i>Platyonichus ocellatus</i>) very common on
the sandy shores of the Atlantic coast of the United States.</cd> --
<col><b>Lady fern</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Female
fern</i>, under <u>Female</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Fern</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lady in waiting</b></col>, <cd>a lady of
the queen's household, appointed to wait upon or attend the
queen.</cd> -- <col><b>Lady Mass</b></col>, <cd>a Mass said in honor
of the Virgin Mary.</cd> <i>Shipley.</i> <col><b>Lady of the
manor</b></col>, <cd>a lady having jurisdiction of a manor; also, the
wife of a manor lord.</cd> <col><b>Lady's maid</b></col>, <cd>a
maidservant who dresses and waits upon a lady.</cd> <i>Thackeray.</i>
-- <col><b>Our Lady</b></col>, <cd>the Virgin Mary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>La"dy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging or becoming to
a lady; ladylike.</def></p>

<p>"Some <i>lady</i> trifles." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"dy*bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Equiv. to, bird of
Our Lady.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
small beetles of the genus <i>Coccinella</i> and allied genera
(family <i>Coccinellid&aelig;</i>); -- called also <i>ladybug</i>,
<i>ladyclock</i>, <i>lady cow</i>, <i>lady fly</i>, and <i>lady
beetle</i>. <i>Coccinella seplempunctata</i> in one of the common
European species. See <u>Coccinella</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ladybirds are usually more or less hemispherical in
form, with a smooth, polished surface, and often colored red, brown,
or black, with small spots of brighter colors. Both the larv&aelig;
and the adult beetles of most species feed on aphids, and for this
reason they are very beneficial to agriculture and horticulture.</p>

<p><hw>La"dy*bug`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Ladybird</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy*clock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Ladybird</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy` Day`</hw> (d&amacr;). <def>The day of the annunciation
of the Virgin Mary, March 25. See <u>Annunciation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large, handsome oceanic fish (<i>Albula
vulpes</i>), found both in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans; -- called
also <i>bonefish</i>, <i>grubber</i>, <i>French mullet</i>, and
<i>macab&eacute;</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A labroid fish
(<i>Harpe rufa</i>) of Florida and the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being a lady; the personality of a lady.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy-kill`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gallant
who captivates the hearts of women.</def> "A renowned dandy and
<i>lady-killer</i>."  <i>Blackw. Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"dy-kill`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
practice of captivating the hearts of women.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Better for the sake of womankind that this dangerous
dog should leave off <i>lady-killing</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"dy*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lady</i> + <i>-
kin</i>.] <def>A little lady; -- applied by the writers of Queen
Elizabeth's time, in the abbreviated form <i>Lakin</i>, to the Virgin
Mary.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The diminutive does not refer to size, but is equivalent to
"dear."  <i>Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"dy*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Like a lady in appearance or manners; well-bred.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She was <i>ladylike</i>, too, after the manner of the
feminine gentility of those days.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Becoming or suitable to a lady; as,
<i>ladylike</i> manners.</def> "With fingers <i>ladylike</i>."
<i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Delicate; tender; feeble;
effeminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too <i>ladylike</i> a long fatigue to
bear.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"dy*like`ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being ladylike.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy*love`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sweetheart
or mistress.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's bed"straw`</hw> (?), <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The common
bedstraw (<i>Galium verum</i>); also, a slender-leaved East Indian
shrub (<i>Pharnaceum Mollugo</i>), with white flowers in
umbels.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's bow"er</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A climbing plant
with fragrant blossoms (<i>Clematis vitalba</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term is sometimes applied to other plants of the same
genus.</p>

<p><hw>La"dy's comb"</hw> (?), <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An umbelliferous
plant (<i>Scandix Pecten-Veneris</i>), its clusters of long slender
fruits remotely resembling a comb.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's cush"ion</hw> (?), <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An herb growing
in dense tufts; the thrift (<i>Armeria vulgaris</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's fin"ger</hw> (?), <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The kidney vetch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A variety of small cake
of about the dimensions of a finger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A long, slender variety of the
potato.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
branchi&aelig; of the lobster.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's gar"ters</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Ribbon
grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's hair"</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the
genus <i>Briza</i> (<i>B. media</i>); a variety of quaking
grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rank or
position of a lady; -- given as a title (preceded by <i>her</i> or
<i>your</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>ladyship</i> shall observe their
gravity.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's la"ces</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A slender climbing
plant; dodder.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's look"ing-glass`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<i>Venus's looking-glass</i>, under <u>Venus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's man"tle</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
rosaceous herbs (<i>Alchemilla</i>), esp. the European <i>A.
vulgaris</i>, which has leaves with rounded and finely serrated
lobes.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's seal"</hw> (?).<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The European Solomon's seal (<i>Polygonatum
verticillatum</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The black bryony
(<i>Tamus communis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's slip"per</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any orchidaceous
plant of the genus <i>Cypripedium</i>, the labellum of which
resembles a slipper. Less commonly, in the United States, the garden
balsam (<i>Impatiens Balsamina</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's smock"</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the
genus <i>Cardamine</i> (<i>C. pratensis</i>); cuckoo
flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's thim"ble</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
harebell.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's thumb"</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An annual weed
(<i>Polygonum Persicaria</i>), having a lanceolate leaf with a dark
spot in the middle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>La"dy's tra"ces</hw> (?), <hw>La"dies' tress"es</hw> (?). }
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several species of the
orchidaceous genus <i>Spiranthes</i>, in which the white flowers are
set in spirals about a slender axis and remotely resemble braided
hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>||L&aelig;"laps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a dark, furious storm.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of huge,
carnivorous, dinosaurian reptiles from the Cretaceous formation of
the United States. They had very large hind legs and tail, and are
supposed to have been bipedal. Some of the species were about
eighteen feet high.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laem"mer*gey`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Lammergeir</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>L&aelig;*mod"i*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the L&aelig;modipoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||L&aelig;`mo*dip"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., from Gr. &?; throat + &?; twice + &?;, &?;, foot.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of amphipod Crustacea, in which
the abdomen is small or rudimentary and the legs are often reduced to
five pairs. The whale louse, or <i>Cyamus</i>, and <i>Caprella</i>
are examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>L&aelig;`mo*dip"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
L&aelig;modipoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>L&aelig;*te"re Sun"day</hw> (?). <def>The fourth Sunday of
Lent; -- so named from the Latin word <i>L&aelig;tare</i> (rejoice),
the first word in the antiphone of the introit sung that day in the
Roman Catholic service.</def></p>

<p><hw>L&aelig;v"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Levigate</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having a smooth surface, as if
polished.</def></p>

<p><hw>L&aelig;"vo-</hw> (?). <def>A prefix. See
<u>Levo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>L&aelig;"vo*ro"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Levorotatory</u>.  Cf.
<u>Dextrorotatory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>L&aelig;v"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Levulose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La`fa`yette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The dollar fish.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A market fish, the goody, or spot
(<i>Liostomus xanthurus</i>), of the southern coast of the United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laft</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Leave</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laf"te</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Leave</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lag</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Of Celtic origin: cf.
Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>lag</i>weak, feeble, faint, W. <i>llag</i>,
<i>llac</i>, slack, loose, remiss, sluggish; prob. akin to E.
<i>lax</i>, <i>languid</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Coming tardily
after or behind; slow; tardy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Came too <i>lag</i> to see him buried.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Last; long-delayed; -- obsolete, except in
the phrase <i>lag end</i>.</def> "The <i>lag end</i> of my life."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 825 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Last made; hence, made of refuse;
inferior.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Lag</i> souls."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who lags; that which comes in last.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>lag</i> of
all the flock."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fag-end; the rump; hence, the lowest
class.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The common <i>lag</i> of people.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The amount of retardation of anything, as
of a valve in a steam engine, in opening or closing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A stave of a cask, drum, etc.; especially
<i>(Mach.)</i>, one of the narrow boards or staves forming the
covering of a cylindrical object, as a boiler, or the cylinder of a
carding machine or a steam engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Graylag</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lag of the tide</b></col>, <cd>the interval by which the
time of high water falls behind the mean time, in the first and third
quarters of the moon; -- opposed to <i>priming</i> of the tide, or
the acceleration of the time of high water, in the second and fourth
quarters; depending on the relative positions of the sun and
moon.</cd> -- <col><b>Lag screw</b></col>, <cd>an iron bolt with a
square head, a sharp-edged thread, and a sharp point, adapted for
screwing into wood; a screw for fastening lags.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lag</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lagging</u> (?).] <def>To walk or more slowly; to stay or fall
behind; to linger or loiter.</def> "I shall not <i>lag</i> behind."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To loiter; linger; saunter; delay; be tardy.</p>

<p><hw>Lag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to lag; to slacken.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>lag</i> his flight."
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To cover, as the cylinder
of a steam engine, with lags. See <u>Lag</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One transported for a
crime.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To transport for
crime.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>lags</i> us if we poach.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ligan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*gar"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Alligator</u>.] <def>An alligator.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>||La*ge"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Lagen&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Lagenas</b></plw> (#).
[L., a flask; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The terminal
part of the cochlea in birds and most reptiles; an appendage of the
sacculus, corresponding to the cochlea, in fishes and
amphibians.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*ge"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lagena</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or pertaining to,
<i>Lagena</i>, a genus of Foraminifera having a straight, chambered
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*ge"ni*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lagena</u>, and <u>-form</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Shaped like a
bottle or flask; flag-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"ger</hw> (l&auml;"g&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Lager beer.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"ger beer`</hw> (?). [G. <i>lager</i> bed, storehouse +
<i>bier</i> beer. See <u>Lair</u>, and <u>Beer</u>.] <def>Originally
a German beer, but now also made in immense quantities in the United
States; -- so called from its being laid up or stored for some months
before use.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"ger wine`</hw> (?). <def>Wine which has been kept for some
time in the cellar.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lag"gard</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lag</i> + <i>-
ard</i>.] <def>Slow; sluggish; backward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lag"gard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lags; a
loiterer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lag"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
laggard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lag"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The clothing (esp., an outer, wooden covering),
as of a steam cylinder, applied to prevent the radiation of heat; a
covering of lags; -- called also <i>deading</i> and
<i>cleading</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lags, collectively; narrow planks
extending from one rib to another in the centering of
arches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lag"ging*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lagging
manner; loiteringly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lag"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Laggingly.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lag"o*morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Lagomorpha.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lag`o*mor"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a hare + &?; form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
rodents, including the hares. They have four incisors in the upper
jaw. Called also <i>Duplicidentata</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*goon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. or Sp.
<i>laguna</i>, L. <i>lacuna</i> ditch, pool, pond, <i>lacus</i> lake.
See <u>Lake</u>, and cf. <u>Lacuna</u>.] [Written also
<i>lagune</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shallow sound, channel,
pond, or lake, especially one into which the sea flows; as, the
<i>lagoons</i> of Venice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lake in a coral island, often occupying
a large portion of its area, and usually communicating with the sea.
See <u>Atoll</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lagoon island</b></col>, <cd>a coral island consisting of
a narrow reef encircling a lagoon.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Lag`oph*thal"mi*a</hw> (?),   <hw>||Lag`oph*thal"mos</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>lagophtalmia</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>lagw`s</grk> hare + <grk>'ofqalmo`s</grk> eye; -- so called from
the notion that a hare sleeps with his eyes open.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A morbid condition in which the eye stands wide open, giving a
peculiar staring appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*go"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a hare +
&?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a dense covering of long
hair, like the foot of a hare.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*gune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lagoon</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>La"ic</hw> (?), <hw>La"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>laicus</i>: cf. F. <i>la&iuml;que</i>.
See <u>Lay</u> laic.] <def>Of or pertaining to a layman or the
laity.</def> "<i>Laical</i> literature."  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An unprincipled, unedified, and <i>laic</i>
rabble.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A layman.</def>  <i>Bp.
Morton.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"ic*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being laic; the state or condition of a layman.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As a layman;
after the manner of a layman; as, to treat a matter
<i>laically</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laid</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Lay</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Laid paper</b></col>, <cd>paper marked with parallel lines
or water marks, as if ribbed, from parallel wires in the mold. It is
called <i>blue laid</i>, <i>cream laid</i>, etc., according to its
color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Laid"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ugly; loathsome.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>laidly</i> and loathsome worm.</blockquote>
<i>W. Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lain</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>of <u>Lie</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Lain"ere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lanier</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lair</hw> (l&acirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>leir</i>,
AS. <i>leger</i>; akin to D. <i>leger</i>, G. <i>lager</i> couch,
lair, OHG. <i>legar</i>, Goth. <i>ligrs</i>, and to E. <i>lie</i>.
See <u>Lie</u> to be prostrate, and cf. <u>Layer</u>,
<u>Leaguer</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place in which to lie or rest;
especially, the bed or couch of a wild beast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A burying place.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pasture; sometimes, food.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laird</hw> (l&acirc;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lord</u>.] <def>A lord; a landholder, esp. one who holds land
directly of the crown.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Laird"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
a laird; an estate; landed property.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lamaism</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Lais`sez" faire"</hw> (?). [F., let alone.]
<def>Noninterference; -- an axiom of some political economists,
deprecating interference of government by attempts to foster or
regulate commerce, manufactures, etc., by bounty or by restriction;
as, the doctrine of <i>laissez faire</i>; <i>the laissez faire</i>
system of government.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"i*ty</hw> (l&amacr;"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lay</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The people, as distinguished from the clergy;
the body of the people not in orders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A rising up of the <i>laity</i> against the sacerdotal
caste.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of a layman.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Those who are not of a certain profession,
as law or medicine, in distinction from those belonging to
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La*ka"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sap green.</def>
[China]</p>

<p><hw>Lake</hw> (l&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>laque</i>,
fr. Per. See <u>Lac</u>.] <def>A pigment formed by combining some
coloring matter, usually by precipitation, with a metallic oxide or
earth, esp. with aluminium hydrate; as, madder <i>lake</i>;
Florentine <i>lake</i>; yellow <i>lake</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>laken</i>.] <def>A
kind of fine white linen, formerly in use.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lake</hw> (l&amacr;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>l&amacr;can</i>, <i>l&aelig;can</i>, to spring, jump,
<i>l&amacr;c</i> play, sport, or fr. Icel. <i>leika</i> to play,
sport; both akin to Goth. <i>laikan</i> to dance. &radic;120.  Cf.
<u>Knowledge</u>.] <def>To play; to sport.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lac</i>, L.
<i>lacus</i>; akin to AS. <i>lagu</i> lake, sea, Icel.
<i>l&ouml;gr</i>; OIr. <i>loch</i>; cf. Gr. <grk>la`kkos</grk> pond,
tank.  Cf. <u>Loch</u>, <u>Lough</u>.] <def>A large body of water
contained in a depression of the earth's surface, and supplied from
the drainage of a more or less extended area.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Lakes are for the most part of fresh water; the salt lakes,
like the Great Salt Lake of Utah, have usually no outlet to the
ocean.</p>

<p><col><b>Lake dwellers</b></col> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>, <cd>people of a
prehistoric race, or races, which inhabited different parts of
Europe. Their dwellings were built on piles in lakes, a short
distance from the shore. Their relics are common in the lakes of
Switzerland.</cd> -- <col><b>Lake dwellings</b></col>
<i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i>, <cd>dwellings built over a lake, sometimes
on piles, and sometimes on rude foundations kept in place by piles;
specifically, such dwellings of prehistoric times. Lake dwellings are
still used by many savage tribes. Called also <i>lacustrine
dwellings</i>. See <u>Crannog</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lake fly</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of dipterous
flies of the genus <i>Chironomus</i>. In form they resemble
mosquitoes, but they do not bite. The larv&aelig; live in lakes.</cd>
-- <col><b>Lake herring</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cisco
(<i>Coregonus Artedii</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Lake poets</b></col>,
<col><b>Lake school</b></col>, <cd>a collective name originally
applied in contempt, but now in honor, to Southey, Coleridge, and
Wordsworth, who lived in the lake country of Cumberland, England,
Lamb and a few others were classed with these by hostile critics.
Called also <i>lakers</i> and <i>lakists</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lake
sturgeon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a sturgeon (<i>Acipenser
rubicundus</i>), of moderate size, found in the Great Lakes and the
Mississippi River. It is used as food.</cd> -- <col><b>Lake
trout</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species
of trout and salmon; in Europe, esp. <i>Salmo fario</i>; in the
United States, esp. <i>Salvelinus namaycush</i> of the Great Lakes,
and of various lakes in New York, Eastern Maine, and Canada. A large
variety of brook trout (<i>S. fontinalis</i>), inhabiting many lakes
in New England, is also called <i>lake trout</i>. See
<u>Namaycush</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lake whitefish</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Whitefish</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lake
whiting</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American whitefish
(<i>Coregonus Labradoricus</i>), found in many lakes in the Northern
United States and Canada. It is more slender than the common
whitefish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lake"-dwell`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Lake
dwellers</i>, under <u>Lake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lake"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
lake.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lake"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The water pepper (<i>Polygonum Hydropiper</i>), an aquatic plant
of Europe and North America.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lakh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Lac</u>,
one hundred thousand.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ladykin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lak"ke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lack</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
lake.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lak"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Lake</u> the
pigment.] <def>Transparent; -- said of blood rendered transparent by
the action of some solvent agent on the red blood
corpuscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lal*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lallare</i>
to sing lalla, or lullaby: cf. F. <i>lallation</i>.] <def>An
imperfect enunciation of the letter <i>r</i>, in which it sounds like
<i>l</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The powdered leaves
of the baobab tree, used by the Africans to mix in their soup, as the
southern negroes use powdered sassafras.  Cf.
<u>Couscous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lammed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lamming</u>.] [Icel. <i>lemja</i> to beat, or <i>lama</i> to
bruise, both fr. <i>lami</i>, <i>lama</i>, lame. See <u>Lame</u>.]
<def>To beat soundly; to thrash.</def> [Obs. or Low]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"ma</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Llama</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"ma</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Thibet. <i>blama</i>
(pronounced l&auml;"ma) a chief, a high priest.] <def>In Thibet,
Mongolia, etc., a priest or monk of the belief called
Lamaism.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Grand Lama</b></col>, or <col><b>Dalai Lama</b></col>
[lit., Ocean Lama], <cd>the supreme pontiff in the lamaistic
hierarchy. See <u>Lamaism</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>La"ma*ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Lamaism.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"ma*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A modified form
of Buddhism which prevails in Thibet, Mongolia, and some adjacent
parts of Asia; -- so called from the name of its priests. See 2d
<u>Lama</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>La"ma*ist</hw> (?), <hw>La"ma*ite</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who believes in Lamaism.</def></p>

<p><hw>La`ma*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Lamaism.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*man"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lamantin</i>,
<i>lamentin</i>, prob. from the name of the animal in the Antilles.
Cf. <u>Manater</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The manatee.</def>
[Written also <i>lamentin</i>, and <i>lamantine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>La*marck"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or involved in, the doctrines of Lamarckianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*marck"i*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Lamarckism.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"marck"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Lamarck</i>, a distinguished French naturalist.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The theory that structural variations, characteristic of species
and genera, are produced in animals and plants by the direct
influence of physical environments, and esp., in the case of animals,
by effort, or by use or disuse of certain organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"ma*ser*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d
<u>Lama</u>.] <def>A monastery or convent of lamas, in Thibet,
Mongolia, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lamb</hw> (l&abreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lamb</i>;
akin to D. &amp; Dan. <i>lam</i>, G. &amp; Sw. <i>lamm</i>, OS., Goth., &
Icel. <i>lamb</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
young of the sheep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any person who is as innocent or gentle as
a lamb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A simple, unsophisticated person; in the
cant of the Stock Exchange, one who ignorantly speculates and is
victimized.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lamb of God</b></col>, <col><b>The Lamb</b></col>
<i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>the Jesus Christ, in allusion to the paschal
lamb.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The twelve apostles of <i>the Lamb</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Rev. xxi. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold the <i>Lamb of God</i>, which taketh away the
sin of the world.</blockquote> <i>John i. 29.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Lamb's lettuce</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an annual
plant with small obovate leaves (<i>Valerianella olitoria</i>), often
used as a salad; corn salad.</cd> [Written also <i>lamb lettuce</i>.]
-- <col><b>Lamb's tongue</b></col>, <cd>a carpenter's plane with a
deep narrow bit, for making curved grooves.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Lamb's wool</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The wool of a
lamb.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Ale mixed with the pulp of roasted
apples; -- probably from the resemblance of the pulp of roasted
apples to lamb's wool</cd>. [Obs.] <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lamb</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lambed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lambing</u>.] <def>To bring forth a lamb or lambs, as
sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lamb"ale`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feast at the
time of shearing lambs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam*baste"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Lam</i> +
<i>baste</i> to beat.] <def>To beat severely.</def> [Low]
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lam"ba*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lambere</i>
to lick. See <u>Lambent</u>.] <def>Taken by licking with the
tongue.</def> "Sirups and <i>lambative</i> medicines."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lam"ba*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine taken
by licking with the tongue; a lincture.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lamb"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>la`mbda</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The name of the Greek
letter &LAMBDA;, &lambda;, corresponding with the English letter L,
l.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The point of junction of
the sagittal and lambdoid sutures of the skull.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lambda moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a moth so
called from a mark on its wings, resembling the Greek letter lambda
(&LAMBDA;).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lamb"da*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lambdacismus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. <grk>la`mbda</grk> the letter
lambda (&LAMBDA;).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fault in speaking or in
composition, which consists in too frequent use of the letter
<i>l</i>, or in doubling it erroneously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A defect in pronunciation of the letter
<i>l</i> when doubled, which consists in giving it a sound as if
followed by <i>y</i>, similar to that of the letters <i>lli</i> in
<i>billion</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The use of the sound of <i>l</i> for that
of <i>r</i> in pronunciation; lallation; as, Ame<i>l</i>ican for
Ame<i>r</i>ican.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lamb"doid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
<grk>la`mbda</grk> the letter lambda (&LAMBDA;) + <grk>e"i^dos</grk>
shape.] <def>Shaped like the Greek letter lambda (&LAMBDA;); as, the
<i>lambdoid</i> suture between the occipital and parietal bones of
the skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lamb*doid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Lambdoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"bent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.  <i>lambens</i>,
<i>-enlis</i>, p. pr. of <i>lambere</i> to lick; akin to <i>lap</i>.
See <u>Lap</u> to drink by licking.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Playing
on the surface; touching lightly; gliding over.</def> "A
<i>lambent</i> flame." <i>Dryden.</i> "A <i>lambent</i> style."
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Twinkling or gleaming; fickering.</def>
"The <i>lambent</i> purity of the stars."  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lam"bert pine`</hw> (?). [So called from <i>Lambert</i>, an
English botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The gigantic sugar pine of
California and Oregon (<i>Pinus Lambertiana</i>). It has the leaves
in fives, and cones a foot long. The timber is soft, and like that of
the white pine of the Eastern States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lamb"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
lamb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lamb"like</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a lamb;
gentle; meek; inoffensive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"boys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lambeau</i>.  Cf. <u>Label</u>.] <i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Base</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 19.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"bre*quin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf.
<u>Lamboys</u>, <u>Label</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of
pendent scarf or covering attached to the helmet, to protect it from
wet or heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A leather flap hanging from a
cuirass.</def>  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of ornament drapery or short
decorative hanging, pendent from a shelf or from the casing above a
window, hiding the curtain fixtures, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lamb"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The skin of a lamb; especially, a skin dressed with the wool on,
and used as a mat. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of woolen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lamb"skin`net"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lansquenet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lamb's-quar"ters</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A name given to several plants of the Goosefoot family,
sometimes used as pot herbs, as <i>Chenopodium album</i> and
<i>Atriplex patulsa</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam*doid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lambdoid.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Lame</hw> (l&amacr;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Lamer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Lamest</u>.] [OE. <i>lame</i>, AS.
<i>lama</i>; akin to D. <i>lam</i>, G. <i>lahm</i>,OHG., Dan., &amp; Sw.
<i>lam</i>, Icel. <i>lami</i>, Russ. <i>lomate</i> to break,
<i>lomota</i> rheumatism.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Moving with pain or difficulty on account of injury, defect, or
temporary obstruction of a function; as, a <i>lame</i> leg, arm, or
muscle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To some degree disabled by
reason of the imperfect action of a limb; crippled; as, a <i>lame</i>
man.</def> "<i>Lame</i> of one leg." <i>Arbuthnot.</i> "<i>Lame</i>
in both his feet." <i>2 Sam. ix. 13.</i> "He fell, and became
<i>lame</i>." <i>2 Sam. iv. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, hobbling; limping; inefficient;
imperfect.</def> "A <i>lame</i> endeavor."  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, most <i>lame</i> and impotent
conclusion!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lame duck</b></col> <i>(stock Exchange)</i>, <cd>a person
who can not fulfill his contracts.</cd> [Cant]</p>

<p><! p. 826 !></p>

<p><hw>Lame</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Laming</u>.] <def>To make lame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you happen to let child fall and <i>lame</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lam"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lamella</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*mel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Lamell&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Lamellas</b></plw>
(#). [L. <i>lamella</i>, dim. of <i>lamina</i> plate, leaf, layer:
cf. F. <i>lamelle</i>.  Cf. <u>Lamina</u>, <u>Omelet</u>.] <def>a
thin plate or scale of anything, as a thin scale growing from the
petals of certain flowers; or one of the thin plates or scales of
which certain shells are composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"el*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lamellaire</i>.] <def>Flat and thin; lamelliform; composed of
lamell&aelig;.</def> -- <hw>Lam"el*lar*ly</hw>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In thin plates or scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"el*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to lamella or to lamell&aelig;; lamellar.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lam"el*late</hw> (?), <hw>Lam"el*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lamella</u>.] <def>Composed of, or
furnished with, thin plates or scales. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Antenn&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*mel"li*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Lamellibranchia. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||La*mel`li*bran"chi*a</hw> (?),
<hw>||La*mel`li*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>lamella</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>, <u>Branchiate</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class of Mollusca including all those that
have bivalve shells, as the clams, oysters, mussels, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They usually have two (rarely but one) flat, lamelliform
gills on each side of the body. They have an imperfectly developed
head, concealed within the shell, whence they are called
<i>Acephala</i>. Called also <i>Conchifera</i>, and
<i>Pelecypoda</i>.  See <u>Bivalve</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lam`el*li*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having lamellar gills; belonging to the
Lamellibranchia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Lamellibranchia.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*mel"li*corn</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lamella</i>
+ L. <i>cornu</i> a horn: cf. F. <i>lamellicorne</i>. See
<u>Lamella</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having
antenn&aelig; terminating in a group of flat lamell&aelig;; -- said
of certain coleopterous insects.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Terminating in a group of flat lamell&aelig;; -- said of
antenn&aelig;.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lamellicorn
insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La*mel`li*cor"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Lamellicorn</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
lamellicorn, plant-eating beetles; -- called also
<i>Lamellicornes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam`el*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Lamella</i> + <i>-ferous</i>:  cf. F. <i>lamellif&egrave;re</i>.]
<def>Bearing, or composed of, lamell&aelig;, or thin layers, plates,
or scales; foliated.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*mel"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lamella</i>
+ <i>-form</i> : cf. F. <i>lamelliforme</i>.] <def>Thin and flat;
scalelike; lamellar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam`el*li*ros"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Lamella</i> + <i>rostral</i> : cf. F. <i>lamellirostre</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a lamellate bill, as ducks and
geese.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La*mel`li*ros"tres</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Lamella</u>, and <u>Rostrum</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
group of birds embracing the Anseres and flamingoes, in which the
bill is lamellate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"el*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lamelleux</i>.] <def>Composed of, or having, lamell&aelig;;
lamelliform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lame"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Lame</u>.]
<def>In a lame, crippled, disabled, or imperfect manner; as, to walk
<i>lamely</i>; a figure <i>lamely</i> drawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lame"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition or
quality of being lame; as, the <i>lameness</i> of an excuse or an
argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>lamenter</i>, L. <i>lamentari</i>, fr. <i>lamentum</i> a lament.]
<def>To express or feel sorrow; to weep or wail; to mourn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jeremiah <i>lamented</i> for Josiah.</blockquote> <i>2
Chron. xxxv. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall weep and <i>lament</i>, but the world shall
rejoice.</blockquote> <i>John xvi. 20.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*ment"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lamented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lamenting</u>.] <def>To mourn for; to bemoan; to bewail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One laughed at follies, one <i>lamented</i>
crimes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To deplore; mourn; bewail. See <u>Deplore</u>.</p>

<p><hw>La*ment"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lamentum</i>.  Cf.
<u>Lament</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Grief or
sorrow expressed in complaints or cries; lamentation; a wailing; a
moaning; a weeping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Torment, and loud <i>lament</i>, and furious
rage.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An elegy or mournful ballad, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"en*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lamentabilis</i> : cf. F. <i>lamentable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Mourning; sorrowful; expressing grief; as, a <i>lamentable</i>
countenance.</def> "<i>Lamentable</i> eye."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to awaken lament; to be lamented;
sorrowful; pitiable; as, a <i>lamentable</i> misfortune, or
error.</def> "<i>Lamentable</i> helplessness."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Miserable; pitiful; paltry; -- in a
contemptuous or ridiculous sense.</def>  <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Lam"en*ta*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lam"en*ta*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lam`en*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>lamentation</i>, L. <i>lamentatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of bewailing; audible expression of sorrow; wailing;
moaning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In Rama was there a voice heard, <i>lamentation</i>
and weeping.</blockquote> <i>Matt. ii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>A book of the
Old Testament attributed to the prophet Jeremiah, and taking its name
from the nature of its contents.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*ment"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mourned for;
bewailed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This humble praise, <i>lamented</i> shade !
receive.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*ment"er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
laments.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*men"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lamantin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*ment"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Lamentation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Lamentings</i> heard i' the air.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*ment"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
lamenting manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lames</hw> (l&adot;mz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>lame</i> a thin plate, L. <i>lamina</i>.] <i>(Armor)</i>
<def>Small steel plates combined together so as to slide one upon the
other and form a piece of armor.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La*met"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>lametta</i>, dim. of <i>lama</i> a thin plate.] <def>Foil or wire
made of gold, silver, or brass.</def>  <i>De Colange.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A monster capable of assuming a woman's
form, who was said to devour human beings or suck their blood; a
vampire; a sorceress; a witch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"i*na</hw> (l&abreve;m"&ibreve;*n&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Lamin&aelig;</b></plw> (-
n&emacr;) E. <plw><b>Laminas</b></plw> (-n&adot;z). [L. cf.
<u>Lamella</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin plate or scale; a
layer or coat lying over another; -- said of thin plates or platelike
substances, as of bone or minerals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The blade of a leaf; the
broad, expanded portion of a petal or sepal of a flower.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A thin plate or scale;
specif., one of the thin, flat processes composing the vane of a
feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam`i*na*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being laminable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"i*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being split into lamin&aelig; or thin plates, as mica; capable of
being extended under pressure into a thin plate or strip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a body can be readily extended in all directions
under the hammer, it is said to be malleable; and when into fillets
under the rolling press, it is said to be
<i>laminable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lam"i*nar</hw> (?), <hw>Lam"i*nal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>laminaire</i>. See <u>Lamina</u>]
<def>In, or consisting of, thin plates or layers; having the form of
a thin plate or lamina.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lam`i*na"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Lamina</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of great seaweeds with
long and broad fronds; kelp, or devil's apron. The fronds commonly
grow in clusters, and are sometimes from thirty to fifty feet in
length. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Kelp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam`i*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to seaweeds of the genus Laminaria, or to that zone of the sea (from
two to ten fathoms in depth) where the seaweeds of this genus
grow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"i*na*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lamina</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A broad-leafed fossil
alga.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"i*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Laminar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lamina</u>.]
<def>Consisting of, or covered with, lamin&aelig;, or thin plates,
scales, or layers, one over another; laminated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Laminated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Laminating</u> (?).] [See <u>Lamina</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to separate into thin plates or
layers; to divide into thin plates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form, as metal, into a thin plate, as
by rolling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"i*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To separate into
lamin&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"i*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Laminate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Laminated arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a timber arch
made of layers of bent planks secured by treenails.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lam"i*na`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forming, or
separating into, scales or thin layers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process
of laminating, or the state of being laminated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam`i*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lamina</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Having a structure consisting of
lamin&aelig;, or thin layers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam`i*ni*plan"tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Lamina</i> + L. <i>planta</i> sole of the foot.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the tarsus covered behind with a
horny sheath continuous on both sides, as in most singing birds,
except the larks.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lam`i*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Lamina</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the lamin&aelig; or fleshy plates along the coffin bone of a horse;
founder.</def>  <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lam"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
lame.</def>  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lamm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"mas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hl&amacr;mmesse</i>, <i>hl&amacr;fm&aelig;sse</i>, loaf mass,
bread feast, or feast of first fruits; <i>hl&amacr;f</i> loaf +
<i>m&aelig;sse</i> mass. See <u>Loaf</u>, and <u>Mass</u> religious
service.] <def>The first day of August; -- called also <i>Lammas
day</i>, and <i>Lammastide</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lam"mer*geir</hw> (l&abreve;m"m&etilde;r*g&imacr;r),
<hw>Lam"mer*gei`er</hw> (-g&imacr;`&etilde;r), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[G. <i>l&auml;mmergeier</i>; <i>lamm</i>, pl. <i>l&auml;mmer</i>,
lamb + <i>geier</i> vulture.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large
vulture (<i>Gypa&euml;tus barbatus</i>), which inhabits the mountains
of Southern Europe, Asia, and Northern Africa. When full-grown it is
nine or ten feet in extent of wings. It is brownish black above, with
the under parts and neck rusty yellow; the forehead and crown white;
the sides of the head and beard black. It feeds partly on carrion and
partly on small animals, which it kills. It has the habit of carrying
tortoises and marrow bones to a great height, and dropping them on
stones to obtain the contents, and is therefore called
<i>bonebreaker</i> and <i>ossifrage</i>. It is supposed to be the
<i>ossifrage</i> of the Bible. Called also <i>bearded vulture</i> and
<i>bearded eagle</i>.</def> [Written also <i>lammergeyer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Lam*nun"gui*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>lamina</i> a scale + <i>unguis</i> a nail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Hyracoidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lamp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. (with excrescent
<i>p</i>), fr. F. <i>lame</i>, L. <i>lamina</i>. See <u>Lamina</u>.]
<def>A thin plate or lamina.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lamp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lampe</i>, L.
<i>lampas</i>, <i>-adis</i>, fr. Gr. &?; , &?;, torch, fr. &?; to
give light, to shine.  Cf. <u>Lampad</u>, <u>Lantern</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A light-producing vessel, instrument or
apparatus; especially, a vessel with a wick used for the combustion
of oil or other inflammable liquid, for the purpose of producing
artificial light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, anything which enlightens
intellectually or morally; anything regarded metaphorically a
performing the uses of a lamp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy word is a <i>lamp</i> unto my feet, and a light
unto my path.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxix. 105.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ages elapsed ere Homer's <i>lamp</i>
appeared.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A device or mechanism for
producing light by electricity. See <i>Incandescent lamp</i>, under
<u>Incandescent</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>&AElig;olipile lamp</b></col>, <cd>a hollow ball of copper
containing alcohol which is converted into vapor by a lamp beneath,
so as to make a powerful blowpipe flame when the vapor is
ignited.</cd> <i>Weale.</i> -- <col><b>Arc lamp</b></col>
<i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a form of lamp in which the voltaic arc is used
as the source of light.</cd> -- <col><b>D&euml;bereiner's
lamp</b></col>, <cd>an apparatus for the instantaneous production of
a flame by the spontaneous ignition of a jet of hydrogen on being led
over platinum sponge; -- named after the German chemist
<i>D&ouml;bereiner</i>, who invented it. Called also <i>philosopher's
lamp</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flameless lamp</b></col>, <cd>an
aphlogistic lamp.</cd> -- <col><b>Lamp burner</b></col>, <cd>the part
of a lamp where the wick is exposed and ignited.</cd> <i>Knight.</i>
-- <col><b>Lamp fount</b></col>, <cd>a reservoir for oil, in a
lamp.</cd> -- <col><b>Lamp jack</b></col>. <cd>See 2d <u>Jack</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4 <sd><i>(l)</i></sd> &
<sd><i>(n)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lamp shade</b></col>, <cd>a
screen, as of paper, glass, or tin, for softening or obstructing the
light of a lamp.</cd> -- <col><b>Lamp shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any brachiopod shell of the genus
Terebratula and allied genera. The name refers to the shape, which is
like that of an antique lamp. See <u>Terebratula</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Safety lamp</b></col>, <cd>a miner's lamp in which the flame
is surrounded by fine wire gauze, preventing the kindling of
dangerous explosive gases; -- called also, from Sir Humphry
<i>Davy</i> the inventor, <i>Davy lamp</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To smell
of the lamp</b></col>, <cd>to bear marks of great study and labor, as
a literary composition.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lam"pad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; , &?;. See
<u>Lamp</u>.] <def>A lamp or candlestick.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By him who 'mid the golden <i>lampads</i>
went.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lam"pa*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;,
&?;, torch. See <u>Lamp</u>.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>One who gained
the prize in the lampadrome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"pa*drome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;,
&?;, torch + &?; course, race, fr. &?; to run.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i>
<def>A race run by young men with lighted torches in their hands. He
who reached the goal first, with his torch unextinguished, gained the
prize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"pas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lampas</i>.]
<def>An inflammation and swelling of the soft parts of the roof of
the mouth immediately behind the fore teeth in the horse; -- called
also <i>lampers</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lampate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A supposed salt of lampic
acid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lamp"black`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lamp</i> +
<i>black</i>.] <def>The fine impalpable soot obtained from the smoke
of carbonaceous substances which have been only partly burnt, as in
the flame of a smoking lamp. It consists of finely divided carbon,
with sometimes a very small proportion of various impurities. It is
used as an ingredient of printers' ink, and various black pigments
and cements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"per eel`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Lamprey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"pern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lamprey</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The river lamprey (<i>Ammoc&oelig;tes, or
Lampetra, fluviatilis</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to other river lampreys.</p>

<p><hw>Lam"pers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lampas</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"pic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>lampique</i>,
fr. <i>lampe</i> lamp. See <u>Lamp</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or produced by, a lamp; -- formerly said of a
supposed acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lamp"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shining;
brilliant.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Lamping</i> eyes."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lamp"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without a
lamp, or without light; hence, being without appreciation;
dull.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your ladies' eyes are <i>lampless</i> to that
virtue.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lamp"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Light from a
lamp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This world's artificial
<i>lamplights</i>.</blockquote> <i>Owen Meredith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lamp"light`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, lights a lamp; esp.,
a person who lights street lamps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The calico
bass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam*poon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lampon</i> a
drinking song, fr. <i>lampons</i> let us drink, -- the burden of such
a song, fr.  <i>lamper</i> to guzzle, to drink much and greedily; of
German origin, and akin to E. <i>lap</i> to drink. Prob. so called
because drinking songs often contain personal slander or satire.]
<def>A personal satire in writing; usually, malicious and abusive
censure written only to reproach and distress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like her who missed her name in a <i>lampoon</i>,<BR>
And grieved to find herself decayed so soon.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lam*poon"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lampooned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lampooning</u>.] <def>To subject to abusive ridicule expressed in
writing; to make the subject of a lampoon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ribald poets had <i>lampooned</i> him.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To libel; defame; satirize; lash.</p>

<p><hw>Lam*poon"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The writer of
a lampoon.</def> "Libelers, <i>lampooners</i>, and pamphleteers."
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lam*poon"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
lampooning; a lampoon, or lampoons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lamp"-post`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A post
(generally a pillar of iron) supporting a lamp or lantern for
lighting a street, park, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"prel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Lamprey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam"prey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lampreys</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>lampreie</i>, F.
<i>lamproie</i>, LL. <i>lampreda</i>, <i>lampetra</i>, from L.
<i>lambere</i> to lick + <i>petra</i> rock, stone. The lampreys are
so called because they attach themselves with their circular mouths
to rocks and stones, whence they are also called <i>rocksuckers</i>.
See <u>Lap</u> to drink, <u>Petrify</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
eel-like marsipobranch of the genus <i>Petromyzon</i>, and allied
genera. The lampreys have a round, sucking mouth, without jaws, but
set with numerous minute teeth, and one to three larger teeth on the
palate (see <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Cyclostomi</u>). There are seven
small branchial openings on each side.</def> [Written also <i>lamper
eel</i>, <i>lamprel</i>, and <i>lampron</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 827 !></p>

<p>&fist; The common or sea lamprey of America and Europe
(<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>), which in spring ascends rivers to spawn,
is considered excellent food by many, and is sold as a market fish in
some localities. The smaller river lampreys mostly belong to the
genus <i>Ammoc&oelig;les</i>, or <i>Lampetra</i>, as <i>A.
fluviatilis</i>, of Europe, and <i>A. &aelig;pypterus</i> of America.
All lampreys attach themselves to other fishes, as parasites, by
means of the suckerlike mouth.</p>

<p><hw>Lam"pron</hw> (l&abreve;m"pr&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. OE. <i>lampreon</i>. See <u>Lamprey</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Lamprey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lam*py"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lampyris</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect of the genus
Lampyris, or family <i>Lampyrid&aelig;</i>. See
<u>Lampyris</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lam*py"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., glowworm, Gr.
(&?;).] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of coleopterous insects,
including the glowworms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"ark*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Lanark</i>shire, a county in Scotland.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral consisting of sulphate of lead, occurring either massive or
in long slender prisms, of a greenish white or gray color.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lanaria</i>,
fr. <i>lanarius</i> belonging to wool, <i>lana</i> wool.] <def>A
place for storing wool.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>La"nate</hw> (?), <hw>La"na*ted</hw> (?), } [L.
<i>lanatus</i>, fr. <i>lana</i> wool, down.] <def>Wooly; covered with
fine long hair, or hairlike filaments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"ca*shire boil"er</hw> (?). <def>A steam boiler having two
flues which contain the furnaces and extend through the boiler from
end to end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan`cas*te"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the monitorial system of instruction followed by Joseph
<i>Lancaster</i>, of England, in which advanced pupils in a school
teach pupils below them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lance</hw> (l&abreve;ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>lance</i>, F. <i>lance</i>, <i>fr</i>. L. <i>lancea</i>; cf. Gr.
<grk>lo`gchh</grk>.  Cf. <u>Launch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
weapon of war, consisting of a long shaft or handle and a steel blade
or head; a spear carried by horsemen, and often decorated with a
small flag; also, a spear or harpoon used by whalers and
fishermen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A braver soldier never couched
<i>lance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A soldier armed with a lance; a
lancer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A small iron rod which
suspends the core of the mold in casting a shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An instrument which conveys
the charge of a piece of ordnance and forces it home.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Pyrotech.)</i> <def>One of the small paper
cases filled with combustible composition, which mark the outlines of
a figure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Free lance</b></col>, <cd>in the Middle Ages, and
subsequently, a knight or roving soldier, who was free to engage for
any state or commander that purchased his services; hence, a person
who assails institutions or opinions on his own responsibility
without regard to party lines or deference to authority.</cd> --
<col><b>Lance bucket</b></col> <i>(Cavalry)</i>, <cd>a socket
attached to a saddle or stirrup strap, in which to rest the but of a
lance.</cd> -- <col><b>Lance corporal</b></col>, <cd>same as
<u>Lancepesade</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lance knight</b></col>, <cd>a
lansquenet.</cd> <i>B. Jonson.</i> -- <col><b>Lance snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the fer-de-lance.</cd> -- <col><b>Stink-fire
lance</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a kind of fuse filled with a
composition which burns with a suffocating odor; -- used in the
counter operations of miners.</cd> -- <col><b>To break a
lance</b></col>, <cd>to engage in a tilt or contest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lanced</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lancing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pierce with a lance,
or with any similar weapon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seized the due victim, and with fury <i>lanced</i><BR>
Her back.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To open with a lancet; to pierce; as, to
<i>lance</i> a vein or an abscess.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw in the manner of a lance. See
<u>Lanch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lance" fish`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A slender
marine fish of the genus <i>Ammodytes</i>, especially <i>Ammodytes
tobianus</i> of the English coast; -- called also <i>sand
lance</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lance"gay`</hw>, <hw>Lance"gaye`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>lancegaie</i>, corrupted from the same
source as E. <i>assagai</i>, under the influence of F. <i>lance</i>
lance. See <u>Assagai</u>.] <def>A kind of spear anciently used. Its
use was prohibited by a statute of Richard II.</def>
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In his hand a <i>launcegay</i>,<BR>
A long sword by his side.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lance"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lance</i> + <i>-
let</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small fishlike animal
(<i>Amphioxus lanceolatus</i>), remarkable for the rudimentary
condition of its organs. It is the type of the class Leptocardia. See
<u>Amphioxus</u>, <u>Leptocardia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lance"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a lance.</def>
[R.] <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lan"ce*o*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lanceola</i> a little lance, dim. of <i>lancea</i> lance: cf. F.
<i>lanc&eacute;olaire</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Lanceolate.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lan"ce*o*late</hw> (?), <hw>Lan"ce*o*la`ted</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lanceolatus</i>: cf. F.
<i>lanc&eacute;ol&eacute;</i>. See <u>Lanceolar</u>.] <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Rather narrow, tapering to a point at the apex,
and sometimes at the base also; as, a <i>lanceolate</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lance`pe*sade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>lancepessade</i>, <i>lanspessade</i>, <i>anspessade</i>, It.
<i>lancia spezzata</i> a broken lance or demilance, a demilance roan,
a light horseman, bodyguard.] <def>An assistant to a corporal; a
private performing the duties of a corporal; -- called also <i>lance
corporal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lancier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who lances; one who
carries a lance; especially, a member of a mounted body of men armed
with lances, attached to the cavalry service of some nations.</def>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lancet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Dancing)</i> <def>A set of
quadrilles of a certain arrangement.</def> [Written also
<i>lanciers</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lan"cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lancette</i>,
dim. of <i>lance</i> lance. See <u>Lance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A surgical instrument of various forms, commonly sharp-pointed
and two-edged, used in venesection, and in opening abscesses,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>An iron bar used for
tapping a melting furnace.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lancet arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a pointed arch,
of which the width, or span, is narrow compared with the height.</cd>
-- <col><b>Lancet architecture</b></col>, <cd>a name given to a style
of architecture, in which lancet arches are common; -- peculiar to
England and 13th century.</cd> -- <col><b>Lancet fish</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large, voracious, deep-
sea fish (<i>Alepidosaurus ferox</i>), having long, sharp, lancetlike
teeth</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The doctor, or surgeon
fish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lance"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A tough, elastic wood, often used for the shafts of gigs,
archery bows, fishing rods, and the like. Also, the tree which
produces this wood, <i>Duguetia Quitarensis</i> (a native of Guiana
and Cuba), and several other trees of the same family
(<i>Anonase&aelig;</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Australian lancewood</b></col>, <cd>a myrtaceous tree
(<i>Backhousia Australis</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lanch</hw> (l&adot;nch), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lanched</u> (l&adot;ncht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lanching</u>. See <u>Launch</u>, <u>Lance</u>.]
<def>To throw, as a lance; to let fly; to launch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See Whose arm can <i>lanch</i> the surer
bolt.</blockquote> <i>Dryden &amp; Lee.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lan*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lance</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing a lance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lance</i> +
<i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>lanciforme</i>.] <def>Having the form of a
lance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"ci*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lancinated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lancinating</u> (?).] [L. <i>lancinatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>lancinare</i> to fear.] <def>To tear; to lacerate; to pierce or
stab.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lan"ci*na`ting</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Piercing;
seeming to pierce or stab; as, <i>lancinating</i> pains (i.e.,
severe, darting pains).</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan`ci*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tearing;
laceration.</def> "<i>Lancinations</i> of the spirit."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Land</hw> (l&abreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Urine. See
<u>Lant</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Land</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>land</i>, <i>lond</i>;
akin to D., G., Icel., Sw., Dan., and Goth. <i>land</i>. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The solid part of the surface of the earth; -
- opposed to water as constituting a part of such surface, especially
to oceans and seas; as, to sight <i>land</i> after a long
voyage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They turn their heads to sea, their sterns to
<i>land</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any portion, large or small, of the
surface of the earth, considered by itself, or as belonging to an
individual or a people, as a country, estate, farm, or
tract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go view the <i>land</i>, even Jericho.</blockquote>
<i>Josh. ii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ill fares the <i>land</i>, to hastening ills a
prey,<BR>
Where wealth accumulates and men decay.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i>
</p>

<p>&fist; In the expressions "to be, or dwell, upon <i>land</i>,"
"<i>to go</i>, <i>or fare</i>, on <i>land</i>," as used by Chaucer,
<i>land</i> denotes the country as distinguished from the town.</p>

<p><blockquote>A poor parson dwelling upon <i>land</i> [i.e., in the
country].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ground, in respect to its nature or
quality; soil; as, wet <i>land</i>; good or bad
<i>land</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The inhabitants of a nation or
people.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These answers, in the silent night received,<BR>
The king himself divulged, the <i>land</i> believed.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The mainland, in distinction from
islands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The ground or floor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Herself upon the <i>land</i> she did
prostrate.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>The ground left unplowed
between furrows; any one of several portions into which a field is
divided for convenience in plowing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Any ground, soil, or earth
whatsoever, as meadows, pastures, woods, etc., and everything annexed
to it, whether by nature, as trees, water, etc., or by the hand of
man, as buildings, fences, etc.; real estate.</def>  <i>Kent.
Bouvier. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The lap of the strakes in a
clinker-built boat; the lap of plates in an iron vessel; -- called
also <i>landing</i>.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>In any surface prepared with
indentations, perforations, or grooves, that part of the surface
which is not so treated, as the level part of a millstone between the
furrows, or the surface of the bore of a rifled gun between the
grooves.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Land agent</b></col>, <cd>a person employed to sell or let
land, to collect rents, and to attend to other money matters
connected with land.</cd> -- <col><b>Land boat</b></col>, <cd>a
vehicle on wheels propelled by sails.</cd> -- <col><b>Land
blink</b></col>, <cd>a peculiar atmospheric brightness seen from sea
over distant snow-covered land in arctic regions. See <u>Ice
blink</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Land breeze</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Breeze</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Land chain</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Gunter's chain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Land crab</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of various species of crabs which
live much on the land, and resort to the water chiefly for the
purpose of breeding. They are abundant in the West Indies and South
America. Some of them grow to a large size.</cd> -- <col><b>Land
fish</b></col> <cd>a fish on land; a person quite out of place.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Land force</b></col>, <cd>a military force
serving on land, as distinguished from a naval force.</cd> --
<col><b>Land, ho!</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a sailor's cry in
announcing sight of land.</cd> -- <col><b>Land ice</b></col>, <cd>a
field of ice adhering to the coast, in distinction from a floe.</cd>
-- <col><b>Land leech</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of blood-sucking leeches, which, in moist, tropical
regions, live on land, and are often troublesome to man and
beast.</cd> -- <col><b>Land measure</b></col>, <cd>the system of
measurement used in determining the area of land; also, a table of
areas used in such measurement.</cd> -- <col><b>Land, or
House</b></col>, <col><b>of bondage</b></col>, <cd>in Bible history,
Egypt; by extension, a place or condition of special oppression.</cd>
-- <col><b>Land o' cakes</b></col>, <cd>Scotland.</cd> --
<col><b>Land of Nod</b></col>, <cd>sleep.</cd> -- <col><b>Land of
promise</b></col>, <cd>in Bible history, Canaan: by extension, a
better country or condition of which one has expectation.</cd> --
<col><b>Land of steady habits</b></col>, <cd>a nickname sometimes
given to the State of Connecticut.</cd> -- <col><b>Land
office</b></col>, <cd>a government office in which the entries upon,
and sales of, public land are registered, and other business
respecting the public lands is transacted.</cd> [U.S.] --
<col><b>Land pike</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The gray pike, or sauger.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
Menobranchus.</cd> -- <col><b>Land service</b></col>, <cd>military
service as distinguished from naval service.</cd> -- <col><b>Land
rail</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The crake
or corncrake of Europe</cd>. See <u>Crake</u>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>An Australian rail (<i>Hypot&aelig;nidia Phillipensis</i>); --
called also <i>pectoral rail</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Land
scrip</b></col>, <cd>a certificate that the purchase money for a
certain portion of the public land has been paid to the officer
entitled to receive it.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Land shark</b></col>,
<cd>a swindler of sailors on shore.</cd> [Sailors' Cant] --
<col><b>Land side</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>That side of
anything in or on the sea, as of an island or ship, which is turned
toward the land</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The side of a plow
which is opposite to the moldboard and which presses against the
unplowed land.</cd> -- <col><b>Land snail</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any snail which lives on land, as
distinguished from the aquatic snails are Pulmonifera, and belong to
the Geophila; but the operculated land snails of warm countries are
Di&oelig;cia, and belong to the T&aelig;nioglossa. See
<u>Geophila</u>, and <u>Helix</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Land
spout</b></col>, <cd>a descent of cloud and water in a conical form
during the occurrence of a tornado and heavy rainfall on land.</cd> -
- <col><b>Land steward</b></col>, <cd>a person who acts for another
in the management of land, collection of rents, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Land tortoise</b></col>, <col><b>Land turtle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any tortoise that habitually lives on dry
land, as the box tortoise. See <u>Tortoise</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Land
warrant</b></col>, <cd>a certificate from the Land Office,
authorizing a person to assume ownership of a public land.</cd>
[U.S.] -- <col><b>Land wind</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Land breeze</i>
(above).</cd> -- <col><b>To make land</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to sight land.</cd> <col><b>To set the land</b></col>, <cd>to see
by the compass how the land bears from the ship.</cd> -- <col><b>To
shut in the land</b></col>, <cd>to hide the land, as when fog, or an
intervening island, obstructs the view.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Land</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Landed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Landing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set or put on shore from
a ship or other water craft; to disembark; to debark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll undertake to <i>land</i> them on our
coast.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To catch and bring to shore; to capture;
as, to <i>land</i> a fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set down after conveying; to cause to
fall, alight, or reach; to bring to the end of a course; as, he
<i>landed</i> the quoit near the stake; to be thrown from a horse and
<i>landed</i> in the mud; to <i>land</i> one in difficulties or
mistakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go on shore from a
ship or boat; to disembark; to come to the end of a course.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"dam*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>Landamman</i>; <i>land</i> land, country + <i>amimann</i> bailiff.
See <u>Land</u>, and <u>Ambassador</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
chief magistrate in some of the Swiss cantons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The president of the diet of the Helvetic
republic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"dau</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the town
<i>Ladau</i> in Germany; cf. F. <i>landau</i>. See <u>Land</u>,
<u>Island</u>.] <def>A four-wheeled covered vehicle, the top of which
is divided into two sections which can be let down, or thrown back,
in such a manner as to make an open carriage.</def> [Written also
<i>landaw</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lan`dau*let"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>landaulet</i>, dim, of <i>landau</i>. See <u>Landau</u>.] <def>A
small landau.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having an estate in land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The House of Commons must consist, for the most part,
of <i>landed</i> men.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting in real estate or land; as,
<i>landed</i> property; <i>landed</i> security.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who lands, or makes a landing.</def> "The <i>lander</i> in a
lonely isle."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A person who waits at the
mouth of the shaft to receive the kibble of ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"fall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sudden transference of property in land by the death of its
owner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Sighting or making land
when at sea.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A good landfall</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the sighting
of land in conformity with the navigator's reckoning and
expectation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Land"flood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An overflowing
of land by river; an inundation; a freshet.</def>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Land"grave`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>landgraf</i>; <i>land</i> land + <i>graf</i> earl, count; cf. D.
<i>landgraaf</i>, F. <i>landgrave</i>.] <def>A German nobleman of a
rank corresponding to that of an earl in England and of a count in
France.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The title was first adopted by some German counts in the
twelfth century, to distinguish themselves from the inferior counts
under their jurisdiction. Three of them were princes of the
empire.</p>

<p><hw>Land*gra"vi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>landgraviat</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The territory held by a
landgrave.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The office, jurisdiction, or authority of
a landgrave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"gra*vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>landgr&auml;fin</i>; cf. D. <i>landgravin</i>.] <def>The wife of a
landgrave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A holder,
owner, or proprietor of land.</def> -- <wf>Land"hold`ing</wf>,
<pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Land"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
used for, setting, bringing, or going, on shore.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Landing charges</b></col>, <cd>charges or fees paid on
goods unloaded from a vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Landing net</b></col>,
<cd>a small, bag-shaped net, used in fishing to take the fish from
the water after being hooked.</cd> -- <col><b>Landing
stage</b></col>, <cd>a floating platform attached at one end to a
wharf in such a manner as to rise and fall with the tide, and thus
facilitate passage between the wharf and a vessel lying beside the
stage.</cd> -- <col><b>Landing waiter</b></col>, <cd>a customhouse
officer who oversees the landing of goods, etc., from vessels; a
landwaiter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Land"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
going or bringing on shore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place for landing, as from a ship, a
carriage. etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The level part of a
staircase, at the top of a flight of stairs, or connecting one flight
with another.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Landing place</b></col>. <cd>me as <u>Landing</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2 and 3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Land"la`dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Landladies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. <u>Landlord</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman having real estate which she leases
to a tenant or tenants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mistress of an inn or lodging
house.</def></p>

<p><! p. 828 !></p>

<p><hw>Land"leap`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Landlouper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
property in land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose,
or nearly inclose, as a harbor or a vessel, with land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"locked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inclosed, or nearly inclosed, by land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Confined to a fresh-
water lake by reason of waterfalls or dams; -- said of fishes that
would naturally seek the sea, after spawning; as, the
<i>landlocked</i> salmon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"lo`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Landlouper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"lord`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Land</u>,
and <u>Lord</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The lord of a manor, or of
land; the owner of land or houses which he leases to a tenant or
tenants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The master of an inn or of a lodging
house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon our arrival at the inn, my companion fetched out
the jolly <i>landlord</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Land"lord`ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a landlord; the characteristics of a landlord; specifically, in
Great Britain, the relation of landlords to tenants, especially as
regards leased agricultural lands.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Land"lord`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
a landlord.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Land"loup`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>landlooper</i>, lit., <i>landrunner</i>; <i>land</i> land +
<i>loopen</i> to run. See <u>Land</u>, and <u>Leap</u>.] <def>A
vagabond; a vagrant.</def> [Written also <i>landleaper</i> and
<i>landloper</i>.] "Bands of <i>landloupers</i>."  <i>Moltey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Land"loup`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vagrant;
wandering about.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"lub`ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prop. fr.
<i>land</i> + <i>lubber</i>, or possibly corrupted fr.
<i>laudlouper</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One who passes his life on
land; -- so called among seamen in contempt or ridicule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Landmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man who
lives or serves on land; -- opposed to <i>seaman</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng.)</i> <def>An occupier of land.</def>
<i> Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Land"mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>landmearc</i>. See <u>Land</u>, and <u>Mark</u> a sign.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark to designate the boundary of land; any
mark or fixed object (as a marked tree, a stone, a ditch, or a heap
of stones) by which the limits of a farm, a town, or other portion of
territory may be known and preserved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any conspicuous object on land that serves
as a guide; some prominent object, as a hill or steeple.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Landmarks of history</b></col>, <cd>important events by
which eras or conditions are determined.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Land"own`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An owner of
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"own`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The owning of
land.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having property in land; of
or pertaining to landowners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"-poor`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pecuniarily
embarrassed through owning much unprofitable land.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Land"reeve`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Land</i> +
<i>reeve</i> an officer.] <def>A subordinate officer on an extensive
estate, who acts as an assistant to the steward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"scape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly written
also <i>landskip</i>.] [D. <i>landschap</i>; <i>land</i> land + <i>-
schap</i>, equiv. to E. <i>-schip</i>; akin to G. <i>landschaft</i>,
Sw. <i>landskap</i>, Dan. <i>landskab</i>. See <u>Land</u>,
<u>and</u> <u>-schip</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A portion of land
or territory which the eye can comprehend in a single view, including
all the objects it contains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A picture representing a scene by land or
sea, actual or fancied, the chief subject being the general aspect of
nature, as fields, hills, forests, water. etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The pictorial aspect of a
country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>landscape</i> of his native country had taken
hold on his heart.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Landscape gardening</b></col>, <cd>The art of laying out
grounds and arranging trees, shrubbery, etc., in such a manner as to
produce a picturesque effect.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Land"scap`ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A painter of
landscapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"skip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Landscape</u>.] <def>A landscape.</def> [Obs. except in
poetry.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Straight my eye hath caught new pleasures,<BR>
Whilst the <i>landskip</i> round it measures.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Land"slip`</hw> (?), <hw>Land"slide`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The slipping down of a
mass of land from a mountain, hill, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The land which slips down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lands"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Landsmen</b></plw> (#). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who lives
on the land; -- opposed to <i>seaman</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A sailor on his first
voyage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"streight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Strait</u>.] <def>A narrow strip of land.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Land"sturm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. See
<u>Land</u>, and <u>Storm</u>.] <def>That part of the reserve force
in Germany which is called out last.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Land"tag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. See
<u>Land</u>, and <u>Day</u>.] <def>The diet or legislative body; as,
the <i>Landtag</i> of Prussia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land"wait`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<i>Landing waiter</i>, under <u>Landing</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Land"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Toward
the land.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Land"wehr`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>land</i> land, country + <i>wehr</i> defense.] <def>That part of
the army, in Germany and Austria, which has completed the usual
military service and is exempt from duty in time of peace, except
that it is called out occasionally for drill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lone</u>.]
<def>Alone.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>His lane</b></col>, <cd>by himself; himself
alone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lane</i>,
<i>lone</i>, AS. <i>lone</i>, <i>lone</i>; akin to D. <i>laan</i>,
OFries. <i>lana</i>, <i>lona</i>.] <def>A passageway between fences
or hedges which is not traveled as a highroad; an alley between
buildings; a narrow way among trees, rocks, and other natural
obstructions; hence, in a general sense, a narrow passageway; as, a
<i>lane</i> between lines of men, or through a field of
ice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is become a turn-again <i>lane</i> unto them which
they can not go through.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lang</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Long.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Lan"ga*ha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A curious colubriform snake of the genus <i>Xyphorhynchus</i>,
from Madagascar. It is brownish red, and its nose is prolonged in the
form of a sharp blade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan`ga*rey"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of numerous species of long-winged, shrikelike birds of
Australia and the East Indies, of the genus <i>Artamus</i>, and
allied genera; called also <i>wood swallow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A
linen roller used in dressing wounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lang"dak`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A wolf (<i>Canis pallipes</i>), found in India, allied to the
jackal.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lan"grage</hw> (?), <hw>Lan"grel</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of shot formerly used at sea for
tearing sails and rigging. It consisted of bolts, nails, and other
pieces of iron fastened together or inclosed in a canister.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"gret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of loaded
die.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lan"gridge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Langrage</u>.</def> [Sometimes compounded with <i>shot</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lang`syne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Scot.
<i>lang</i> long + <i>syne</i> since.] <def>Long since; long
ago.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Lang`ter*a*loo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Loo</u>.] <def>An old game at cards. See <u>Loo</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def>  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lan"guage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>langage</i>,
F. <i>langage</i>, fr. L. <i>lingua</i> the tongue, hence speech,
language; akin to E. <i>tongue</i>. See <u>Tongue</u>, cf.
<u>Lingual</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any means of conveying or communicating
ideas; specifically, human speech; the expression of ideas by the
voice; sounds, expressive of thought, articulated by the organs of
the throat and mouth.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Language</i> consists in the oral utterance of sounds
which usage has made the representatives of ideas. When two or more
persons customarily annex the same sounds to the same ideas, the
expression of these sounds by one person communicates his ideas to
another. This is the primary sense of <i>language</i>, the use of
which is to communicate the thoughts of one person to another through
the organs of hearing. Articulate sounds are represented to the eye
by letters, marks, or characters, which form words.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The expression of ideas by writing, or any
other instrumentality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The forms of speech, or the methods of
expressing ideas, peculiar to a particular nation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The characteristic mode of arranging
words, peculiar to an individual speaker or writer; manner of
expression; style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others for <i>language</i> all their care
express.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The inarticulate sounds by which animals
inferior to man express their feelings or their wants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The suggestion, by objects, actions, or
conditions, of ideas associated therewith; as, the <i>language</i> of
flowers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was . . . <i>language</i> in their very
gesture.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The vocabulary and phraseology belonging
to an art or department of knowledge; as, medical <i>language</i>;
the <i>language</i> of chemistry or theology.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A race, as distinguished by its
speech.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All the people, the nations, and the <i>languages</i>,
fell down and worshiped the golden image.</blockquote> <i>Dan. iii.
7.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Language master</b></col>, <cd>a teacher of
languages.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Speech; tongue; idiom; dialect; phraseology;
diction; discourse; conversation; talk.  -- <u>Language</u>,
<u>Speech</u>, <u>Tongue</u>, <u>Idiom</u>, <u>Dialect</u>.
<i>Language</i> is generic, denoting, in its most extended use, any
mode of conveying ideas; <i>speech</i> is the language of articulate
sounds; <i>tongue</i> is the Anglo-Saxon term for language, esp. for
spoken language; as, the English <i>tongue</i>.  <i>Idiom</i> denotes
the forms of construction peculiar to a particular language;
<i>dialects</i> are varieties of expression which spring up in
different parts of a country among people speaking substantially the
same <i>language</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Lan"guage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Languaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Languaging</u> (?).] <def>To communicate by language; to express
in language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others were <i>languaged</i> in such doubtful
expressions that they have a double sense.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lan"guaged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
language; skilled in language; -- chiefly used in composition.</def>
" Many-<i>languaged</i> nations."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lan"guage*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lacking or
wanting language; speechless; silent.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Langued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>langue</i>
tongue. See <u>Language</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Tongued; having the
tongue visible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lions . . . represented as armed and <i>langued</i>
gules.</blockquote> <i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Langue` d'oc"</hw> (?). [F., language of <i>oc</i> yes.]
<def>The dialect, closely akin to French, formerly spoken south of
the Loire (in which the word for "yes" was <i>oc</i>);
Proven&ccedil;al.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Langue` d'o&iuml;l"</hw> (?). [F., language of
<i>o&iuml;l</i> yes.] <def>The dialect formerly spoken north of the
Loire (in which the word for "yes" was <i>o&iuml;l</i>, F.
<i>oui</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lan*guen"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It., p. pr. of
<i>languire</i>. See <u>Languish</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In a
languishing manner; pathetically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"guet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>languette</i>, dim.
of <i>langue</i> tongue, L. <i>lingua</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything resembling the tongue in form or office; specif., the
slip of metal in an organ pipe which turns the current of air toward
its mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of the hilt, in certain kinds of
swords, which overlaps the scabbard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"guid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>languidus</i>,
fr. <i>languere</i> to be faint or languid: cf. F. <i>languide</i>.
See <u>Languish</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Drooping or flagging from exhaustion;
indisposed to exertion; without animation; weak; weary; heavy;
dull.</def> " <i>Languid</i>, powerless limbs. "
<i>Armstrong.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fire their <i>languid</i> souls with Cato's
virtue.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slow in progress; tardy.</def> " No motion
so swift or <i>languid</i>."  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Promoting or indicating weakness or
heaviness; as, a <i>languid</i> day.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Feebly she laugheth in the <i>languid</i>
moon.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their idleness, aimless flirtations and <i>languid</i>
airs.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Feeble; weak; faint; sickly; pining; exhausted;
weary; listless; heavy; dull; heartless.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Lan"guid*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lan"guid*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lan"guish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Languished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Languishing</u>.] [OE. <i>languishen</i>, <i>languissen</i>, F.
<i>languir</i>, L. <i>languere</i>; cf. Gr. &?; to slacken, &?;
slack, Icel. <i>lakra</i> to lag behind; prob. akin to E. <i>lag</i>,
<i>lax</i>, and perh. to E. <i>slack</i>.  See <u>-ish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become languid or weak; to lose strength
or animation; to be or become dull, feeble or spiritless; to pine
away; to wither or fade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We . . . do <i>languish</i> of such
diseases.</blockquote> <i>2 Esdras viii. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cease, fond nature, cease thy strife,<BR>
And let me <i>languish</i> into life.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For the fields of Heshbon
<i>languish</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is. xvi. 8. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assume an expression of weariness or
tender grief, appealing for sympathy.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To pine; wither; fade; droop; faint.</p>

<p><hw>Lan"guish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
droop or pine.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lan"guish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Languishment</u>.</def> [Obs. or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>What, of death, too,<BR>
That rids our dogs of <i>languish</i> ?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the blue <i>languish</i> of soft Allia's
eye.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lan"guish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
languishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"guish*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Becoming languid and weak; pining; losing health and
strength.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Amorously pensive; as, <i>languishing</i>
eyes, or look.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"guish*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
languishing manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"guish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of languishing.</def> " Lingering
<i>languishment</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tenderness of look or mien; amorous
pensiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"guish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Languishment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lan"guor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>langour</i>,
OF. <i>langour</i>, F. <i>langueur</i>, L. <i>languor</i>. See
Languish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state of the body or mind which
is caused by exhaustion of strength and characterized by a languid
feeling; feebleness; lassitude; laxity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any enfeebling disease.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sick men with divers <i>languors</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif (Luke iv. 40).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Listless indolence; dreaminess.</def>
<i>Pope.</i>  " German dreams, Italian <i>languors</i>."  <i>The
Century.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Feebleness; weakness; faintness; weariness;
dullness; heaviness; lassitude; listlessness.</p>

<p><hw>Lan"guor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Languor</u>: cf. F. <i>langoureux</i>.] <def>Producing, or tending
to produce, languor; characterized by languor.</def> [Obs. or
Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whom late I left in <i>languorous</i>
constraint.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To wile the length from <i>languorous</i> hours, and
draw<BR>
The sting from pain.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lan"gure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
languish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lan"gya</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
[Native name Anglicized.] <def>One of several species of East Indian
and Asiatic fresh-water fishes of the genus <i>Ophiocephalus</i>,
remarkable for their power of living out of water, and for their
tenacity of life; -- called also <i>walking fishes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"iard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lanyard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La`ni*ar"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Laniary</i>
+ <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Shaped like a laniary, or
canine, tooth.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"ni*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laniarius</i>, fr. <i>lanius</i> butcher, <i>laniare</i> to tear
in pieces: cf. F. <i>laniaire</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Lacerating or
tearing; as, the <i>laniary</i> canine teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"ni*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <u>Laniary</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The shambles; a place of slaughter.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A laniary, or canine,
tooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"ni*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laniatus</i>, p. p. of <i>laniare</i>.] <def>To tear in
pieces.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>La`ni*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laniatio</i>.] <def>A tearing in pieces.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Lan"ier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>lani&egrave;re</i>. See <u>Lanyard</u>.] [Written also
<i>lanner</i>, <i>lanyer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thong of
leather; a whip lash.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strap used to fasten together parts of
armor, to hold the shield by, and the like.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lanifer</i>; <i>lana</i> wool + <i>ferre</i> to bear: cf. F.
<i>lanif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Bearing or producing wool.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*nif"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lanificus</i>; <i>lana</i> wool + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Working in wool.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"i*fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lanificium</i>: cf. OF. <i>lanifice</i>.] <def>Anything made of
wool.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*nig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laniger</i>; <i>lano</i> wool + <i>gerere</i> to hear.]
<def>Bearing or producing wool.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"ni*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Lanius</i>
(fr. L. <i>lanius</i> a butcher), the typical genus + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the shrikes (family
<i>Laniid&aelig;</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Lank</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Lanker</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Lankest</u>.]
[<u>AS</u>. <i>hlanc</i>; cf. G. <i>lenken</i> to turn, <i>gelenk</i>
joint, OHG. <i>hlanca</i> hip, side, flank, and E. <i>link</i> of a
chain.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Slender and thin; not well filled
out; not plump; shrunken; lean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Meager and <i>lank</i> with fasting
grown.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who would not choose . . . to have rather a
<i>lank</i> purse than an empty brain?</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Languid; drooping.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who, piteous of her woes, reared her <i>lank</i>
head.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lank hair</b></col>, <cd>long, thin hair.</cd>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To become lank;
to make lank.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lank"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition
or quality or being lanky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lank"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lank
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lank"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being lank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lank"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat lank.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>lanky</i> Dinka, nearly seven feet in
height.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lan"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. f.</i></pos>
<hw>Lan"ner*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. m.</i></pos>} [F. <i>lanier</i>,
OF. also, <i>lasnier</i>.  Cf. <u>Lanyard</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A long-tailed falcon (<i>Falco lanarius</i>), of Southern
Europe, Asia, and Northern Africa, resembling the American prairie
falcon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"o*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lana</i> wool
+ <i>ole</i>um oil.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A peculiar fatlike
body, made up of cholesterin and certain fatty acids, found in
feathers, hair, wool, and keratin tissues generally.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Under the same name, it is prepared from wool for
commercial purposes, and forms an admirable basis for ointments,
being readily absorbed by the skin.</p>

<p><! p. 829 !></p>

<p><hw>||Lan"seh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The small,
whitish brown fruit of an East Indian tree (<i>Lansium
domesticum</i>). It has a fleshy pulp, with an agreeable subacid
taste.</def>  <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lans"que*net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. G.
<i>landsknecht</i> a foot soldier, also a game of cards introduced by
these foot soldiers; <i>land</i> country + <i>knecht</i> boy,
servant. See <u>Land</u>, and <u>Knight</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A German foot soldier in foreign service in the 15th and 16th
centuries; a soldier of fortune; -- a term used in France and Western
Europe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A game at cards, vulgarly called
<i>lambskinnet</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They play] their little game of
<i>lansquenet</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Urine.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Lance</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of small,
slender, marine fishes of the genus <i>Ammedytes</i>. The common
European species (<i>A. tobianus</i>) and the American species (<i>A.
Americanus</i>) live on sandy shores, buried in the sand, and are
caught in large quantities for bait. Called also <i>launce</i>, and
<i>sand eel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lanterloo</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lan*ta"ni*um</hw> (?), <hw>Lan"ta*num</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Lanthanum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan`ta*nu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Formed by
transposition of the letters of <i>allantoin</i> and <i>-uric</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous
organic acid of the uric acid group, obtained by the decomposition of
allantoin, and usually called <i>allanturic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"ter*loo`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old name
of <i>loo</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"tern</hw> (l&abreve;n"t&etilde;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>lanterne</i>, L. <i>lanterna</i>, <i>laterna</i>, from Gr.
<grk>lampth`r</grk> light, torch. See <u>Lamp</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something inclosing a light, and protecting
it from wind, rain, etc.; -- sometimes portable, as a closed vessel
or case of horn, perforated tin, glass, oiled paper, or other
material, having a lamp or candle within; sometimes fixed, as the
glazed inclosure of a street light, or of a lighthouse
light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An open
structure of light material set upon a roof, to give light and air to
the interior.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A cage or open chamber
of rich architecture, open below into the building or tower which it
crowns.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A smaller and secondary cupola
crowning a larger one, for ornament, or to admit light; such as the
lantern of the cupola of the Capitol at Washington, or that of the
Florence cathedral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A lantern pinion or trundle
wheel. See <i>Lantern pinion</i> (below).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>A kind of cage
inserted in a stuffing box and surrounding a piston rod, to separate
the packing into two parts and form a chamber between for the
reception of steam, etc.; -- called also <i>lantern
brass</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A perforated barrel to
form a core upon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Aristotle's
lantern</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Fig. 1 represents a <i>hand lantern</i>; fig. 2, an <i>arm
lantern</i>; fig. 3, a <i>breast lantern</i>; -- so named from the
positions in which they are carried.</p>

<p><col><b>Dark lantern</b></col>, <cd>a lantern with a single
opening, which may be closed so as to conceal the light; -- called
also <i>bull's-eye</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lantern fly</b></col>,
<col><b>Lantern carrier</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of large, handsome, hemipterous insects of the genera
<i>Laternaria</i>, <i>Fulgora</i>, and allies, of the family
<i>Fulgorid&aelig;</i>. The largest species is <i>Laternaria
phosphorea</i> of Brazil. The head of some species has been supposed
to be phosphorescent.</cd> -- <col><b>Lantern jaws</b></col>,
<cd>long, thin jaws; hence, a thin visage.</cd> -- <col><b>Lantern
pinion</b></col>, <col><b>Lantern wheel</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>a kind of pinion or wheel having cylindrical bars or trundles,
instead of teeth, inserted at their ends in two parallel disks or
plates; -- so called as resembling a lantern in shape; -- called also
<i>wallower</i>, or <i>trundle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lantern
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any translucent, marine,
bivalve shell of the genus <i>Anatina</i>, and allied genera.</cd> --
<col><b>Magic lantern</b></col>, <cd>an optical instrument consisting
of a case inclosing a light, and having suitable lenses in a lateral
tube, for throwing upon a screen, in a darkened room or the like,
greatly magnified pictures from slides placed in the focus of the
outer lens.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lan"tern</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lanterned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lanterning</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>lanterner</i> to hang at the lamp
post, fr. <i>lanterne</i>. See <u>Lantern</u>.] <def>To furnish with
a lantern; as, to <i>lantern</i> a lighthouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"tern-jawed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
lantern jaws or long, thin jaws; as, a <i>lantern-jawed</i>
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"tha*nite</hw> (l&abreve;n"th&adot;*n&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Hydrous carbonate of
lanthanum, found in tabular white crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"tha*num</hw> (-n&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>lanqa`nein</grk> to lie hid, to be concealed.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare element of the group of the earth metals,
allied to aluminium. It occurs in certain rare minerals, as cerite,
gadolinite, orthite, etc., and was so named from the difficulty of
separating it from cerium, didymium, and other rare elements with
which it is usually associated. Atomic weight 138.5. Symbol La.</def>
[Formerly written also <i>lanthanium</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lan"tho*pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>lanqa`nein</grk> to lie hid + E. <i>op</i>ium.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid found in opium in small quantities, and extracted as
a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"thorn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lantern</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>La*nu"gi*nose`</hw> (?), <hw>La*nu"gi*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lanuginosus</i>, fr. <i>lanugo</i>, <i>-
ginis</i>, woolly substance, down, fr. <i>lana</i> wool: cf. F.
<i>lanugineux</i>.] <def>Covered with down, or fine soft hair;
downy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La*nu"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lanuginose</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The soft woolly hair which
covers most parts of the mammal fetus, and in man is shed before or
soon after birth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"yard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>lani&egrave;re</i> thong, strap, OF. <i>lasniere</i>, fr.
<i>lasne</i> strap, thong, L. <i>lacinia</i> lappet. flap, edge of a
garment.  Cf. <u>Lanier</u>.] [Written also <i>laniard</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A short piece of rope or line
for fastening something in ships; as, the <i>lanyards</i> of the gun
ports, of the buoy, and the like; esp., pieces passing through the
dead-eyes, and used to extend shrouds, stays, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A strong cord, about twelve
feet long, with an iron hook at one end a handle at the other, used
in firing cannon with a friction tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lan"yer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lanier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*oc"o*&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?; ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A priest of
Apollo, during the Trojan war. (See 2.)</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Sculp.)</i> <def>A marble group in the
Vatican at Rome, representing the priest Laoco&ouml;n, with his sons,
infolded in the coils of two serpents, as described by
Virgil.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*od`i*ce"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to <i>Laodicea</i>, a city in Phrygia Major; like the
Christians of Laodicea; lukewarm in religion.</def>  <i>Rev. iii. 14-
16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lappe</i>, AS.
<i>l&aelig;ppa</i>; akin to D. <i>lap</i> patch, piece, G.
<i>lappen</i>, OHG. <i>lappa</i>, Dan. <i>lap</i>, Sw. <i>lapp</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The loose part of a coat; the lower part of a
garment that plays loosely; a skirt; an apron.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An edge; a border; a hem, as of
cloth.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If he cuts off but a <i>lap</i> of truth's garment,
his heart smites him.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The part of the clothing that lies on the
knees or thighs when one sits down; that part of the person thus
covered; figuratively, a place of rearing and fostering; as, to be
reared in the <i>lap</i> of luxury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men expect that happiness should drop into their
<i>laps</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That part of any substance or fixture
which extends over, or lies upon, or by the side of, a part of
another; as, the <i>lap</i> of a board; also, the measure of such
extension over or upon another thing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>lap</i> of shingles or slates in roofing is the
distance one course extends over the second course below, the
distance over the course immediately below being called the
<i>cover</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>The amount by which
a slide valve at its half stroke overlaps a port in the seat, being
equal to the distance the valve must move from its mid stroke
position in order to begin to open the port. Used alone, <i>lap</i>
refers to outside lap. See <i>Outside lap</i> (below).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The state or condition of being in part
extended over or by the side of something else; or the extent of the
overlapping; as, the second boat got a <i>lap</i> of half its length
on the leader.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>One circuit around a race track, esp. when
the distance is a small fraction of a mile; as, to run twenty
<i>laps</i>; to win by three <i>laps</i>. See <u>Lap</u>, to fold,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>In card playing and other games, the
points won in excess of the number necessary to complete a game; --
so called when they are counted in the score of the following
game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Cotton Manuf.)</i> <def>A sheet, layer, or
bat, of cotton fiber prepared for the carding machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A piece of brass, lead, or
other soft metal, used to hold a cutting or polishing powder in
cutting glass, gems, and the like, or in polishing cutlery, etc. It
is usually in the form of wheel or disk, which revolves on a vertical
axis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lap joint</b></col>, <cd>a joint made by one layer, part,
or piece, overlapping another, as in the scarfing of timbers.</cd> --
<col><b>Lap weld</b></col>, <cd>a lap joint made by welding together
overlapping edges or ends.</cd> -- <col><b>Inside lap</b></col>
<i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>lap of the valve with respect to the
exhaust port.</cd> -- <col><b>Outside lap</b></col>, <cd>lap with
respect to the admission, or steam, port.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lapped</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lapping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rest or recline in a lap,
or as in a lap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>lap</i> his head on lady's breast.</blockquote>
<i>Praed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut or polish with a lap, as glass,
gems, cutlery, etc. See 1st <u>Lap</u>, 10.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lappen</i> to fold
(see <u>Lap</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>); cf. also OE. <i>wlappen</i>,
perh. another form of <i>wrappen</i>, E, <i>wrap</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fold; to bend and lay over or on
something; as, to <i>lap</i> a piece of cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wrap or wind around
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>About the paper . . . I <i>lapped</i> several times a
slender thread of very black silk.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To infold; to hold as in one's lap; to
cherish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her garment spreads, and <i>laps</i> him in the
folds.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To lay or place over anything so as to
partly or wholly cover it; as, to <i>lap</i> one shingle over
another; to lay together one partly over another; as, to <i>lap</i>
weather-boards; also, to be partly over, or by the side of
(something); as, the hinder boat <i>lapped</i> the foremost
one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Carding &amp; Spinning)</i> <def>To lay
together one over another, as fleeces or slivers for further
working.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To lap boards</b></col>, <col><b>shingles</b></col>, etc.,
<cd>to lay one partly over another.</cd> -- <col><b>To lap
timbers</b></col>, <cd>to unite them in such a way as to preserve the
same breadth and depth throughout, as by scarfing.</cd>
<i>Weale.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Lap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be turned or folded;
to lie partly upon or by the side of something, or of one another;
as, the cloth <i>laps</i> back; the boats <i>lap</i>; the edges
<i>lap</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The upper wings are opacous; at their hinder ends,
where they <i>lap</i> over, transparent, like the wing of a
flay.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lappen</i>,
<i>lapen</i>, AS. <i>lapian</i>; akin to LG. <i>lappen</i>, OHG.
<i>laffan</i>, Icel. <i>lepja</i>, Dan. <i>lade</i>, Sw.
<i>l&auml;ppja</i>, L. <i>lambere</i>; cf. Gr. &?;, W. <i>llepio</i>.
Cf. <u>Lambent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take up drink or food
with the tongue; to drink or feed by licking up something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dogs by the River Nilus's side, being thirsty,
<i>lap</i> hastily as they run along the shore.</blockquote> <i>Sir
K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a sound like that produced by
taking up drink with the tongue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I heard the ripple washing in the reeds,<BR>
And the wild water <i>lapping</i> on the crag.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take into the mouth
with the tongue; to lick up with a quick motion of the
tongue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They 'II take suggestion as a cat <i>laps</i>
milk.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of lapping with, or as with, the tongue; as, to take anything into
the mouth with a <i>lap</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sound of lapping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"a*ro*cele`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; loins +
&?; tumor.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A rupture or hernia in the lumbar
regions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap`a*rot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; loins +
<grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A cutting through
the walls of the abdomen, as in the C&aelig;sarean section.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A board used on
the lap as a substitute for a table, as by tailors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"dog`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small dog
fondled in the lap.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*pel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>lap</i> a
fold.] <def>That part of a garment which is turned back;
specifically, the lap, or fold, of the front of a coat in
continuation of collar.</def> [Written also <i>lappel</i> and
<i>lapelle</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>La*pelled"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
lapels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lapfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as the lap can
contain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lapicida</i>,
fr. <i>lapis</i> stone + <i>caedere</i> to cut.] <def>A
stonecutter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lap`i*da"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to stone; inscribed on stone; as, a <i>lapidarian</i>
record.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap`i*da"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lapidarius</i>, fr. <i>lapis</i>, <i>-idis</i>, stone.]
<def>Consisting of stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"i*da*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lapidaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>lapidarius</i>, fr.
<i>lapidarius</i> pertaining to stone: cf. F. <i>lapidaire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An artificer who cuts, polishes, and engraves
precious stones; hence, a dealer in precious stones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A virtuoso skilled in gems or precious
stones; a connoisseur of lapidary work.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lapidary's lathe</b></col>, <col><b>mill</b></col>,
<col><b>or wheel</b></col>, <cd>a machine consisting essentially of a
revolving lap on a vertical spindle, used by a lapidary for grinding
and polishing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lap"i*da*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lapidarius</i>
pertaining to stone: cf. F. <i>lapidaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the art of cutting stones, or engraving on
stones, either gems or monuments; as, <i>lapidary</i>
ornamentation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to monumental
inscriptions; as, <i>lapidary</i> adulation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lapidary style</b></col>, <cd>that style which is proper
for monumental and other inscriptions; terse; sententious.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lap"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lapidatus</i>, p. p. of <i>lapidare</i>, fr. <i>lapis</i> stone.]
<def>To stone.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lap`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lapidatio</i>: cf. F. <i>lapidation</i>.] <def>The act of
stoning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*pid"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lapideus</i>, fr. <i>lapis</i> stone.] <def>Of the nature of
stone.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lap`i*des"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being
lapidescent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hardening into a stone
substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stony concretion.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lap`i*des"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lapidescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>lapidescere</i> to become stone, fr.
<i>lapis</i>, <i>-idis</i>, stone: cf. F. <i>lapidescent</i>.]
<def>Undergoing the process of becoming stone; having the capacity of
being converted into stone; having the quality of petrifying
bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"i*des"cent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any substance
which has the quality of petrifying other bodies, or of converting or
being converted into stone.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lap`i*dif"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Lap`i*dif"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lapis</i>, <i>-idis</i>, stone +
<i>facere</i> to make: cf. F. <i>lapidifique</i>.] <def>Forming or
converting into stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*pid`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lapidification</i>.] <def>The act or process of lapidifying;
fossilization; petrifaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*pid"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lapidified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lapidifying</u> (?).] [Cf. f. <i>lapidifier</i>. See
<u>Lapidific</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <def>To convert into stone or
stony material; to petrify.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*pid"i*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become stone
or stony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"i*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lapis</i>,
<i>-idis</i>, a stone.] <def>A lapidary.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lap"il*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lapilli</u>.] <def>The state of being, or the act of making,
stony.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La*pil"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lapillus</i> a little stone, dim. of <i>lapis</i> stone.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Volcanic ashes, consisting of small, angular,
stony fragments or particles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La"pis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lapides</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A stone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lapis calaminaris</b></col> (&?;). [NL.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<cd>Calamine.</cd> -- <col><b>Lapis infernalis</b></col> (&?;). [L.]
<cd>Fused nitrate of silver; lunar caustic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>La"pis laz"u*li</hw> (?). <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An albuminous
mineral of a rich blue color. Same as <u>Lazuli</u>, which
see.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"-joint`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a lap
joint, or lap joints, as many kinds of woodwork and metal
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Lapland; -- called also <i>Lapp</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"land*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Lapland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lap</i> of a
garment + <i>ling</i>.] <def>One who has been fondled to excess; one
fond of ease and sensual delights; -- a term of contempt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lapp</hw> (l&abreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Laplander</u>.  Cf. <u>Lapps</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 830 !></p>

<p><hw>Lap*pa"ceous</hw> (l&abreve;p*p&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lappaceus</i> burlike, fr. <i>lappa</i> a
bur.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling the capitulum of burdock; covered
with forked points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>La</u>p to
drink.] <def>One who takes up food or liquid with his
tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>lap</i> a
fold.] <def>A small decorative fold or flap, esp. of lace or muslin,
in a garment or headdress.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lappet moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
several species of bombycid moths, which have stout, hairy
caterpillars, flat beneath. Two common American species
(<i>Gastropacha Americana</i>, and <i>Tolype velleda</i>) feed upon
the apple tree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lap"pet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lappeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lappeting</u>.] <def>To decorate with, or as with, a lappet.</def>
[R.]  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lap"pic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Lapland, or the Lapps.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
language of the Lapps. See <u>Lappish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of machine
blanket or wrapping material used by calico printers.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lapping engine</b></col>, <col><b>Lapping
machine</b></col> <i>(Textile Manuf.)</i>, <cd>A machine for forming
fiber info a lap. See its <u>Lap</u>, 9.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lap"pish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Lapps; Laplandish.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
language spoken by the Lapps in Lapland. It is related to the Finnish
and Hungarian, and is not an Aryan language.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lap*po"ni*an</hw> (?), <hw>Lap*pon"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Laplandish; Lappish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lapps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Lapp</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A branch of
the Mongolian race, now living in the northern parts of Norway,
Sweden, and the adjacent parts of Russia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laps"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lapsible.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lapse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lapsus</i>, fr.
<i>labi</i>, p. p. <i>lapsus</i>, to slide, to fall: cf. F.
<i>laps</i>. See <u>Sleep</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gliding,
slipping, or gradual falling; an unobserved or imperceptible progress
or passing away,; -- restricted usually to immaterial things, or to
figurative uses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>lapse</i> to indolence is soft and
imperceptible.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bacon was content to wait the <i>lapse</i> of long
centuries for his expected revenue of fame.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slip; an error; a fault; a failing in
duty; a slight deviation from truth or rectitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To guard against those <i>lapses</i> and failings to
which our infirmities daily expose us.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The termination of a right or
privilege through neglect to exercise it within the limited time, or
through failure of some contingency; hence, the devolution of a right
or privilege.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A fall or
apostasy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lapse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lapsed</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lapsing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass slowly and smoothly
downward, backward, or away; to slip downward, backward, or away; to
glide; -- mostly restricted to figurative uses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tendency to <i>lapse</i> into the barbarity of those
northern nations from whom we are descended.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Homer, in his characters of Vulcan and Thersites, has
<i>lapsed</i> into the burlesque character.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To slide or slip in moral conduct; to fail
in duty; to fall from virtue; to deviate from rectitude; to commit a
fault by inadvertence or mistake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>lapse</i> in fullness<BR>
Is sorer than to lie for need.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To fall
or pass from one proprietor to another, or from the original
destination, by the omission, negligence, or failure of some one, as
a patron, a legatee, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To become
ineffectual or void; to fall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the archbishop shall not fill it up within six
months ensuing, it <i>lapses</i> to the king.</blockquote>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lapse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
let slip; to permit to devolve on another; to allow to
pass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An appeal may be deserted by the appellant's
<i>lapsing</i> the term of law.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To surprise in a fault or error; hence, to
surprise or catch, as an offender.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For which, if be <i>lapsed</i> in this place,<BR>
I shall pay dear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lapsed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having slipped downward, backward, or away; having lost
position, privilege, etc., by neglect; -- restricted to figurative
uses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Once more I will renew<BR>
His <i>lapsed</i> powers, though forfeit.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ineffectual, void, or forfeited; as, a
<i>lapsed</i> policy of insurance; a <i>lapsed</i> legacy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lapsed devise</b></col>, <col><b>Lapsed legacy</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a devise, or legacy, which fails to take effect in
consequence of the death of the devisee, or legatee, before that of
the testator, or for other cause.</cd>  <i>Wharton (Law
Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Laps"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to
lapse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"sid`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lopsided</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone for the
lap, on which shoemakers beat leather.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lap"streak`</hw> (?), <hw>Lap"strake`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made with boards whose edges lap one over
another; clinker-built; -- said of boats.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*pu"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Laputa, an imaginary flying island described in <i>Gulliver's
Travels</i> as the home of chimerical philosophers. Hence, fanciful;
preposterous; absurd in science or philosophy.</def> "<i>Laputan</i>
ideas."  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lap"-weld`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having edges
or ends united by a lap weld; as, a <i>lap-welded</i> pipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lapwynke</i>,
<i>leepwynke</i>, AS. <i>hle&aacute;pewince</i>;
<i>hle&aacute;pan</i> to leap, jump + (prob.) a word akin to AS.
<i>wincian</i> to wink, E. <i>wink</i>, AS. <i>wancol</i> wavering;
cf. G. <i>wanken</i> to stagger, waver. See <u>Leap</u>, and
<u>Wink</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small European bird of the
Plover family (<i>Vanellus cristatus</i>, or <i>V. vanellus</i>). It
has long and broad wings, and is noted for its rapid, irregular
fight, upwards, downwards, and in circles. Its back is coppery or
greenish bronze. Its eggs are the "plover's eggs" of the London
market, esteemed a delicacy. It is called also <i>peewit</i>,
<i>dastard plover</i>, and <i>wype</i>. The <i>gray lapwing</i> is
the <i>Squatarola cinerea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lap"work`</hw> (l&abreve;p"w&ucirc;rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Work in which one part laps over another.</def>
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laq"uay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lackey.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"que*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Laquearia</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
lacunar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laq"ue*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>laqueus</i>
a noose.] <def>Using a noose, as a gladiator.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Retiary and <i>laqueary</i> combatants.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lar</hw> (l&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lares</b></plw> (#), sometimes <plw><b>Lars</b></plw> (#).
[L.] <i>(Rom. Myth.)</i> <def>A tutelary deity; a deceased ancestor
regarded as a protector of the family. The domestic Lares were the
tutelar deities of a house; household gods. Hence, Fig.: Hearth or
dwelling house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor will she her dear <i>Lar</i> forget,<BR>
Victorious by his benefit.</blockquote> <i>Lovelace.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Lars</i> and Lemures moan with midnight
plaint.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Looking backward in vain toward their <i>Lares</i> and
lands.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lar</hw> (l&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A species of gibbon (<i>Hylobates lar</i>), found in Burmah.
Called also <i>white-handed gibbon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar"a*mie group`</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An extensive
series of strata, principally developed in the Rocky Mountain region,
as in the <i>Laramie</i> Mountains, and formerly supposed to be of
the Tertiary age, but now generally regarded as Cretaceous, or of
intermediate and transitional character. It contains beds of lignite,
often valuable for coal, and is hence also called the <i>lignitic
group</i>. See <i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lar-</i> is of
uncertain origin, possibly the same as <i>lower</i>, i. e., humbler
in rank, because the starboard side is considered by mariners as
higher in rank; cf. D. <i>laag</i> low, akin to E. <i>low</i>. See
<u>Board</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The left-
hand side of a ship to one on board facing toward the bow; port; --
opposed to <i>starboard</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Larboard</i> is a nearly obsolete term, having been
superseded by <i>port</i> to avoid liability of confusion with
<i>starboard</i>, owing to similarity of sound.</p>

<p><hw>Lar"board`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>On or pertaining to
the left-hand side of a vessel; port; as, the <i>larboard</i>
quarter.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lar"ce*ner</hw> (?), <hw>Lar"ce*nist</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who commits larceny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar"ce*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>larrecinos</i>. See <u>Larceny</u>.] <def>Having the character of
larceny; as, a <i>larcenous</i> act; committing larceny.</def> "The
<i>larcenous</i> and burglarious world." <i>Sydney Smith.</i> --
<wf>Lar"ce*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lar"ce*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Larcenies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>larcin</i>, OE.
<i>larrecin</i>, L. <i>latrocinium</i>, fr. <i>latro</i> robber,
mercenary, hired servant; cf. Gr. (&?;) hired servant.  Cf.
<u>Latrociny</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The unlawful taking and carrying
away of things personal with intent to deprive the right owner of the
same; theft.  Cf. <u>Embezzlement</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grand larceny</b></col> &and; <col><b>Petit larceny
are</b></col> <cd>distinctions having reference to the nature or
value of the property stolen. They are abolished in England.</cd> --
<col><b>Mixed</b></col>, or  <col><b>Compound, larceny</b></col>,
<cd>that which, under statute, includes in it the aggravation of a
taking from a building or the person.</cd> -- <col><b>Simple
larceny</b></col>, <cd>that which is not accompanied with any
aggravating circumstances.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Larch</hw> (l&auml;rch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>larege</i> (Cotgrave), It. <i>larice</i>, Sp. <i>larice</i>,
<i>alerce</i>, G. <i>l&auml;rche</i>; all fr. L. <i>larix</i>, <i>-
icis</i>, Gr. <grk>la`rix</grk>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
coniferous trees, having deciduous leaves, in fascicles (see
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Fascicle</u>).</def> The European larch is
<i>Larix Europ&aelig;a</i>. The American or black larch is <i>L.
Americana</i>, the hackmatack or tamarack. The trees are generally of
a drooping, graceful appearance.</p>

<p><hw>Larch"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the larch.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., bacon, pig's fat, L.
<i>lardum</i>, <i>laridum</i>; cf. Gr. (&?;) fattened, fat.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bacon; the flesh of swine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fat of swine, esp. the internal fat of
the abdomen; also, this fat melted and strained.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lard oil</b></col>, <cd>an illuminating and lubricating
oil expressed from lard.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf lard</b></col>, <cd>the
internal fat of the hog, separated in leaves or masses from the
kidneys, etc.; also, the same melted.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Larded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Larding</u>.] [F. <i>larder</i>. See <u>Lard</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stuff with bacon; to
dress or enrich with lard; esp., to insert lardons of bacon or pork
in the surface of, before roasting; as, to <i>lard</i>
poultry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>larded</i> thighs on loaded altars
laid.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fatten; to enrich.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The oak] with his nuts <i>larded</i> many a
swine.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Falstaff sweats to death.<BR>
And <i>lards</i> the lean earth as he walks along.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To smear with lard or fat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In his buff doublet <i>larded</i> o'er with fat<BR>
Of slaughtered brutes.</blockquote> <i>Somerville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mix or garnish with something, as by
way of improvement; to interlard.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let no alien Sedley interpose<BR>
To <i>lard</i> with wit thy hungry Epsom prose.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lard</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow fat.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lar`da*ce"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lardaceous</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A peculiar amyloid
substance, colored blue by iodine and sulphuric acid, occurring
mainly as an abnormal infiltration into the spleen, liver,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar*da"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lardac&eacute;</i>.] <def>Consisting of, or resembling,
lard.</def></p>

<p><cd>Lardaceous degeneration</cd> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>amyloid
degeneration.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lard"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>lardier</i>.
See <u>Lard</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A room or place where
meat and other articles of food are kept before they are
cooked.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lard"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One in charge
of the larder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lard"er*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>larderie</i>.] <def>A larder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Lar"don</hw> (?), <hw>Lar*doon"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lardon</i>, fr. <i>lard</i> lard.] <def>A
bit of fat pork or bacon used in larding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lard"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lardery</u>.]
<def>A larder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lard"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing, or
resembling, lard; of the character or consistency of lard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lore</u>.]
<def>Lore; learning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pasture; feed. See
<u>Lair</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lare</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To feed; to
fatten.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>||La"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Lar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Large</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Larger</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Largest</u>.] [F., fr. L. <i>largus</i>.
Cf. <u>Largo</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exceeding most other
things of like kind in bulk, capacity, quantity, superficial
dimensions, or number of constituent units; big; great; capacious;
extensive; -- opposed to <i>small</i>; as, a <i>large</i> horse; a
<i>large</i> house or room; a <i>large</i> lake or pool; a
<i>large</i> jug or spoon; a <i>large</i> vineyard; a <i>large</i>
army; a <i>large</i> city.</def></p>

<p>&fist; For linear dimensions, and mere extent, <i>great</i>, and
not <i>large</i>, is used as a qualifying word; as, <i>great</i>
length, breadth, depth; a <i>great</i> distance; a <i>great</i>
height.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abundant; ample; as, a <i>large</i> supply
of provisions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have yet <i>large</i> day.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Full in statement; diffuse; full;
profuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I might be very <i>large</i> upon the importance and
advantages of education.</blockquote> <i> Felton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having more than usual power or capacity;
having broad sympathies and generous impulses; comprehensive; -- said
of the mind and heart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Free; unembarrassed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of burdens all he set the Paynims
<i>large</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Unrestrained by decorum; -- said of
language.</def> [Obs.] "Some <i>large</i> jests he will make."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Prodigal in expending; lavish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Crossing the line of a
ship's course in a favorable direction; -- said of the wind when it
is abeam, or between the beam and the quarter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At large</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Without
restraint or confinement; as, to go <i>at large</i>; to be left <i>at
large</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Diffusely; fully; in the full extent;
as, to discourse on a subject <i>at large</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Common
at large</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Common</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Electors at large</b></col>,
<col><b>Representative at large</b></col>, <cd>electors, or a
representative, as in Congress, chosen to represent the whole of a
State, in distinction from those chosen to represent particular
districts in a State.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>To give, go, run, or
sail large</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to have the wind crossing
the direction of a vessel's course in such a way that the sails feel
its full force, and the vessel gains its highest speed. See
<u>Large</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 8.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Big; bulky; huge; capacious; comprehensive; ample;
abundant; plentiful; populous; copious; diffusive; liberal.</p>

<p><hw>Large</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Freely;
licentiously.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Large</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A musical
note, formerly in use, equal to two longs, four breves, or eight
semibreves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Large"-a`cred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Possessing
much land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Large"-hand`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
large hands.</def> Fig.: <def>Taking, or giving, in large quantities;
rapacious or bountiful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Large"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
large or generous heart or disposition; noble; liberal.</def> --
<wf>Large"-heart`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Large"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a large
manner.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Large"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being large.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lar"gess</hw>, <hw>Lar"gesse</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>largesse</i>, fr. <i>large</i>. See
<u>Large</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Liberality; generosity; bounty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fulfilled of <i>largesse</i> and of all
grace.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A present; a gift; a bounty
bestowed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heralds finished their proclamation with their
usual cry of "<i>Largesse</i>, <i>largesse</i>, gallant knights!" and
gold and silver pieces were showered on them from the
galleries.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lar"get</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>larget</i>.]
<def>A short piece of bar iron for rolling into a sheet; a small
billet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lar*ghet"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It., dim.
of <i>largo</i> largo.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Somewhat slow or slowly,
but not so slowly as <i>largo</i>, and rather more so than
<i>andante</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar*gif"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>largificus</i>; <i>largus</i> large + <i>facere</i>.]
<def>Generous; ample; liberal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lar*gif"lu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>largifluus</i>; <i>large</i> abundantly + <i>fluere</i> to flow.]
<def>Flowing copiously.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lar*gil"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>largiloquus</i>.] <def>Grandiloquent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lar"gish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
large.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Lar*gi"tion</hw> (?), [L. <i>largitio</i>, fr. <i>largiri</i>,
p. p. <i>largitus</i>, to give bountifully.] <def>The bestowment of a
largess or gift.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Lar"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It., large, L.
<i>largus</i>, See <u>Large</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Slow or slowly;
-- more so than <i>adagio</i>; next in slowness to <i>grave</i>,
which is also weighty and solemn.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A movement or piece in <i>largo</i> time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar"i*at</hw> (l&abreve;r"&ibreve;*&abreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>la reata</i> the rope; <i>la</i> the +
<i>reata</i> rope.  Cf. <u>Reata</u>.] <def>A long, slender rope made
of hemp or strips of hide, esp. one with a noose; -- used as a lasso
for catching cattle, horses, etc., and for picketing a horse so that
he can graze without wandering.</def> [Mexico &amp; Western U.S.]</p>

<p><! p. 831 !></p>

<p><hw>Lar"i*at</hw> (l&abreve;r"&ibreve;*&abreve;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lariated</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Lariating</u>.] <def>To secure
with a lariat fastened to a stake, as a horse or mule for grazing;
also, to lasso or catch with a lariat.</def> [Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>La"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Gull family
(<i>Larid&aelig;</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar`ix*in"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, or derived from, the larch (<i>Larix</i>); as,
<i>larixinic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lark</hw> (l&auml;rk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh fr. AS.
<i>l&amacr;c</i> play, sport.  Cf. <u>Lake</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>A frolic; a jolly time.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lark</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Larked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Larking</u>.] <def>To sport; to frolic.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Lark</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>larke</i>,
<i>laverock</i>, AS. <i>l&amacr;werce</i>; akin to D.
<i>leeuwerik</i>, LG. <i>lewerke</i>, OHG. <i>l&emacr;rahha</i>, G.
<i>lerche</i>, Sw. <i>l&auml;rka</i>, Dan. <i>lerke</i>, Icel.
<i>l&aelig;virki</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one numerous
species of singing birds of the genus <i>Alauda</i> and allied genera
(family <i>Alaudid&aelig;</i>). They mostly belong to Europe, Asia,
and Northern Africa. In America they are represented by the shore
larks, or horned larks, of the genus <i>Otocoris</i>.  The true larks
have holaspidean tarsi, very long hind claws, and, usually, dull,
sandy brown colors.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The European skylark, or lark of the poets (<i>Alauda
arvensis</i>), is of a brown mottled color, and is noted for its
clear and sweet song, uttered as it rises and descends almost
perpendicularly in the air. It is considered a table delicacy, and
immense numbers are killed for the markets. Other well-known European
species are the crested, or tufted, lark (<i>Alauda cristata</i>),
and the wood lark (<i>A. arborea</i>).  The pipits, or titlarks, of
the genus <i>Anthus</i> (family <i>Motacillid&aelig;</i>) are often
called larks. See <u>Pipit</u>. The American meadow larks, of the
genus <i>Sturnella</i>, are allied to the starlings. See <u>Meadow
Lark</u>. The Australian bush lark is <i>Mirafra Horsfieldii</i>. See
<u>Shore lark</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Lark bunting</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
fringilline bird (<i>Calamospiza melanocorys</i>) found on the plains
of the Western United States.</cd> -- <col><b>Lark sparrow</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a sparrow (<i>Chondestes grammacus</i>),
found in the Mississippi Valley and the Western United
States.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lark</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To catch larks; as, to
go <i>larking</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lark"-col`ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
sandy brown color of the European larks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lark"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Lark</u>,
for sense 1, and 1st <u>Lark</u>, for sense 2.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A catcher of larks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who indulges in a lark or
frolic.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Lark's"-heel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Indian cress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lark"spur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of ranunculaceous plants (<i>Delphinium</i>), having showy
flowers, and a spurred calyx. They are natives of the North Temperate
zone. The commonest larkspur of the gardens is <i>D. Consolida</i>.
The flower of the bee larkspur (<i>D. elatum</i>) has two petals
bearded with yellow hairs, and looks not unlike a bee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar"mi*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>larme</i>
tear, drop, L. <i>lacrima</i>. See <u>Lachrymose</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>See <u>Tearpit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Larus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or belonging to the Gull
family (<i>Larid&aelig;</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar"rup</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Larruped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Larruping</u>.] [Perh, a corrupt. of <i>lee rope</i>, used by
sailors in beating the boys; but cf. D. <i>larpen</i> to thresh,
<i>larp</i> a whip, blow.] <def>To beat or flog soundly.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Colloq. U.S.]  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Lorry</u>, or <u>Lorrie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Alarum</u>,
and <u>Alarm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar"va</hw> (l&auml;r"v&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Larv&aelig;</b></plw> (-v&aelig;), E.
<plw><b>Larvas</b></plw> (-v&adot;z). [L. <i>larva</i> ghost,
specter, mask.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any young
insect from the time that it hatches from the egg until it becomes a
pupa, or chrysalis. During this time it usually molts several times,
and may change its form or color each time. The larv&aelig; of many
insects are much like the adults in form and habits, but have no
trace of wings, the rudimentary wings appearing only in the pupa
stage. In other groups of insects the larv&aelig; are totally unlike
the parents in structure and habits, and are called
<i>caterpillars</i>, <i>grubs</i>, <i>maggots</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The early, immature
form of any animal when more or less of a metamorphosis takes place,
before the assumption of the mature shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar"val</hw> (-v<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>larvalis</i> ghostly. See <u>Larva</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a larva.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lar*va"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Larval</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of Tunicata,
including Appendicularia, and allied genera; -- so called because
certain larval features are retained by them through life. Called
also <i>Copelata</i>. See <u>Appendicularia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar"va*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>larvatus</i>
bewitched. See <u>Larva</u>.] <def>Masked; clothed as with a
mask.</def></p>

<p><hw>Larve</hw> (l&auml;rv), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Larves</b></plw> (l&auml;rvz). [F.] <def>A larva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar"vi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Larva</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the form or structure
of a larva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar*vip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Larva</i> +
L. <i>parete</i> to bring forth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Depositing
living larv&aelig;, instead of eggs; -- said of certain
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"ry</hw> (l&amacr;"r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lare</i> sea gull, L. <i>larus</i> a sort of sea bird, Gr.
<grk>la`ros</grk>.] <def>A guillemot; -- called also
<i>lavy</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lar`yn*ge"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Larynx</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the larynx; adapted to
operations on the larynx; as, <i>laryngeal</i> forceps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar`yn*ge"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Laryngeal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lar`yn*gis"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>laryggismo`s</grk> a croaking. See <u>Larynx</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A spasmodic state of the glottis, giving rise to contraction or
closure of the opening.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lar`yn*gi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Larynx</u>, and <u>-tis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the larynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*ryn`go*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to laryngology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar`yn*gol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
applies himself to laryngology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar`yn*gol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Larynx</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>Systematized knowledge of the action and
functions of the larynx; in pathology, the department which treats of
the diseases of the larynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar`yn*goph"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Larynx</i>
+ Gr. (&?;) voice.] <def>The sound of the voice as heard through a
stethoscope when the latter is placed upon the larynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*ryn"go*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Larynx</i>
+ <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument, consisting of an
arrangement of two mirrors, for reflecting light upon the larynx, and
for examining its image.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*ryn`go*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the inspection of the larynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar`yn*gos"co*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in laryngoscopy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar`yn*gos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art
of using the laryngoscope; investigations made with the
laryngoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*ryn"go*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>An instrument for performing laryngotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar`yn*got"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. (&?;);
(&?;), (&?;), the larynx + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut: cf. F.
<i>laryngotomie</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of cutting
into the larynx, from the outside of the neck, for assisting
respiration when obstructed, or for removing foreign
bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*ryn`go*tra"che*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Larynx</i> + <i>tracheal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
both larynx and trachea; as, the <i>laryngotracheal</i> cartilage in
the frog.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*ryn`go*tra`che*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Larynx</i> + <i>tracheotomy</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The
operation of cutting into the larynx and the upper part of the
trachea, -- a frequent operation for obstruction to
breathing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar"ynx</hw> (l&abreve;r"&ibreve;&nsm;ks; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. from Gr. <grk>la`rygx</grk>, <grk>-
yggos</grk>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The expanded upper end of the
windpipe or trachea, connected with the hyoid bone or cartilage. It
contains the vocal cords, which produce the voice by their
vibrations, when they are stretched and a current of air passes
between them. The larynx is connected with the pharynx by an opening,
the glottis, which, in mammals, is protected by a lidlike
epiglottis.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the framework of the human larynx, the thyroid
cartilage, attached to the hyoid bone, makes the protuberance on the
front of the neck known as <i>Adam's apple</i>, and is articulated
below to the ringlike cricoid cartilage. This is narrow in front and
high behind, where, within the thyroid, it is surmounted by the two
arytenoid cartilages, from which the vocal cords pass forward to be
attached together to the front of the thyroid. See <u>Syrinx</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Las</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lace. See
<u>Lace</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Las</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Less.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Las"car</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. &amp; Hind.
<i>lashkar</i> an army, an inferior artillery man, a cooly, a native
sailor.] <def>A native sailor, employed in European vessels; also, a
menial employed about arsenals, camps, camps, etc.; a camp
follower.</def> [East Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Las"ci*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Loose;
lascivious.</def> [Obs.] "To depaint <i>lascious</i> wantonness."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Las*civ"i*en*cy</hw>
(l&abreve;s*s&ibreve;v"&ibreve;*<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lascivient</u>.] <def>Lasciviousness;
wantonness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Las*civ"i*ent</hw> (-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lasciviens</i>, pr. of <i>lascivire</i> to be wanton, fr.
<i>lascivus</i>. See <u>Lascivious</u>.] <def>Lascivious.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Las*civ"i*ous</hw> (-&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lascivia</i> wantonness, fr. <i>lascivus</i> wanton; cf. Gr.
<grk>la`stauros</grk> lecherous, <grk>lh^n</grk> to wish, Skr.
<i>lash</i> to desire.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanton; lewd;
lustful; as, <i>lascivious</i> men; <i>lascivious</i> desires.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to produce voluptuous or lewd
emotions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He capers nimbly in a lady's chamber<BR>
To the <i>lascivious</i> pleasing of a lute.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Las*civ"i*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Las*civ"i*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>La"ser*wort`</hw> (l&amacr;"s&etilde;r*w&ucirc;rt`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>laser</i> the juice of the laserwort.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the umbelliferous genus
<i>Laserpitium</i>, of several species (as <i>L. glabrum</i>, and
<i>L. siler</i>), the root of which yields a resinous substance of a
bitter taste. The genus is mostly European.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lash</hw> (l&abreve;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>lasche</i>; cf. D. <i>lasch</i> piece set in, joint, seam, G.
<i>lashe</i> latchet, a bit of leather, gusset, stripe,
<i>laschen</i> to furnish with flaps, to lash or slap, Icel.
<i>laski</i> gusset, flap, <i>laska</i> to break.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The thong or braided cord of a whip, with which the blow is
given.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I observed that your whip wanted a <i>lash</i> to
it.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A leash in which an animal is caught or
held; hence, a snare.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stroke with a whip, or anything pliant
and tough; as, the culprit received thirty-nine
<i>lashes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A stroke of satire or sarcasm; an
expression or retort that cuts or gives pain; a cut.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moral is a <i>lash</i> at the vanity of arrogating
that to ourselves which succeeds well.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A hair growing from the edge of the
eyelid; an eyelash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In carpet weaving, a group of strings for
lifting simultaneously certain yarns, to form the figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lash</hw> (l&abreve;sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lashng</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with a
lash; to whip or scourge with a lash, or with something like
one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>lash</i> the pupil, and defraud the
ward.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike forcibly and quickly, as with a
lash; to beat, or beat upon, with a motion like that of a lash; as, a
whale <i>lashes</i> the sea with his tail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And big waves <i>lash</i> the frighted
shores.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw out with a jerk or
quickly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He falls, and <i>lashing</i> up his heels, his rider
throws.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To scold; to berate; to satirize; to
censure with severity; as, to <i>lash</i> vice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ply the whip; to
strike; to utter censure or sarcastic language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To laugh at follies, or to <i>lash</i> at
vice.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To lash out</b></col>, <cd>to strike out wildly or
furiously.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>lasschen</i> to
fasten together, <i>lasch</i> piece, joint, Sw. <i>laska</i> to
stitch, Dan. <i>laske</i> stitch. See <u>Lash</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <def>To bind with a rope, cord, thong, or
chain, so as to fasten; as, to <i>lash</i> something to a spar; to
<i>lash</i> a pack on a horse's back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lash"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who whips or
lashes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lash"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
piece of rope for binding or making fast one thing to another; --
called also <i>lashing</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weir in a river.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lash"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who,
or that which, lashes; castigation; chastisement.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lashing out</b></col>, <cd>a striking out; also,
extravagance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lash"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Lasher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lask</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A diarrhea or
flux.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Las"ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Lash</u>,
<u>Latching</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>latching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lass</hw> (l&adot;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lasse</i>;
prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. <i>llodes</i> girl, fem. of
<i>llawd</i> lad.  &radic;123.  See <u>Lad</u> a youth.] <def>A young
woman; a girl; a sweetheart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lasse</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Less.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Las"sie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young girl; a
lass.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Las"si*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lassitudo</i>, fr. <i>lassus</i> faint, weary; akin to E.
<i>late</i>: cf. F. <i>lassitude</i>. See <u>Late</u>.] <def>A
condition of the body, or mind, when its voluntary functions are
performed with difficulty, and only by a strong exertion of the will;
languor; debility; weariness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The corporeal instruments of action being strained to
a high pitch . . . will soon feel a <i>lassitude</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lass"lorn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forsaken by a
lass.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lass"o</hw> (l&abreve;s"s&osl;) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Lassos</b></plw> (-s&omacr;z). [Sp. <i>lazo</i>,
L. <i>laqueus</i>. See <u>Lace</u>.] <def>A rope or long thong of
leather with a running noose, used for catching horses, cattle,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lasso cell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of a
peculiar kind of defensive and offensive stinging cells, found in
great numbers in all c&oelig;lenterates, and in a few animals of
other groups. They are most highly developed in the tentacles of
jellyfishes, hydroids, and Actini&aelig;. Each of these cells is
filled with, fluid, and contains a long, slender, often barbed,
hollow thread coiled up within it. When the cell contracts the thread
is quickly ejected, being at the same time turned inside out. The
thread is able to penetrate the flesh of various small, soft-bodied
animals, and carries a subtle poison by which they are speedily
paralyzed and killed. The threads, at the same time, hold the prey in
position, attached to the tentacles. Some of the jellyfishes, as the
Portuguese man-of-war, and <i>Cyanea</i>, are able to penetrate the
human skin, and inflict painful stings in the same way. Called also
<i>nettling cell</i>, <i>cnida</i>, <i>cnidocell</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Las"so</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lassoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lassoing</u>.] <def>To catch with a lasso.</def></p>

<p><hw>Last</hw> (?), <pos><i>3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Last</u>, to endure, contracted from <i>lasteth</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Last</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>last</i>,
<i>latst</i>, contr. of <i>latest</i>, superl. of <i>late</i>; akin
to OS. <i>lezt</i>, <i>lazt</i>, <i>last</i>, D. <i>laatst</i>, G.
<i>letzt.</i> See <u>Late</u>, and cf. <u>Latest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being after all the others, similarly classed
or considered, in time, place, or order of succession; following all
the rest; final; hindmost; farthest; as, the <i>last</i> year of a
century; the <i>last</i> man in a line of soldiers; the <i>last</i>
page in a book; his last chance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Also day by day, from the first day unto the
<i>last</i> day, he read in the book of the law of God.</blockquote>
<i>Neh. viii. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fairest of stars, <i>last</i> in the train of
night.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Next before the present; as, I saw him
<i>last</i> week.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Supreme; highest in degree;
utmost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Contending for principles of the <i>last</i>
importance.</blockquote> <i>R. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Lowest in rank or degree; as, the
<i>last</i> prize.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Farthest of all from a given quality,
character, or condition; most unlikely; having least fitness; as, he
is the <i>last</i> person to be accused of theft.</def></p>

<p><! p. 832 !></p>

<p><col><b>At last</b></col>, <cd>at the end of a certain period;
after delay.</cd> "The duke of Savoy felt that the time had <i>at
last</i> arrived." <i>Motley.</i> -- <col><b>At the last</b></col>.
[Prob. fr. AS. <i>on l&amacr;ste</i> behind, following behind, fr.
<i>l&amacr;st</i> race, track, footstep. See <u>Last</u> mold of the
foot.] <cd>At the end; in the conclusion.</cd> [Obs.] "Gad, a troop
shall overcome him; but he shall overcome <i>at the last</i>."
<i>Gen. xlix. 19.</i> -- <col><b>Last heir</b></col>, <cd>the person
to whom lands escheat for want of an heir.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Abbott.</i>
-- <col><b>On one's last legs</b></col>, <cd>at, or near, the end of
one's resources; hence, on the verge of failure or ruin, especially
in a financial sense.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To breathe one's
last</b></col>, <cd>to die.</cd> -- <col><b>To the last</b></col>,
<cd>to the end; till the conclusion.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And blunder on in business <i>to the
last</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>At Last</u>, <u>At Length</u>.  These phrases
both denote that some delayed end or result has been reached. <i>At
length</i> implies that a long period was spent in so doing; as,
after a voyage of more than three months, we <i>at Length</i> arrived
safe. <i>At last</i> commonly implies that something has occurred (as
interruptions, disappointments, etc.) which leads us to emphasize the
idea of having reached the end; as, in spite of every obstacle, we
have <i>at last</i> arrived.</p>

<p><hw>Last</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Last</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At a time or on an
occasion which is the latest of all those spoken of or which have
occurred; the last time; as, I saw him <i>last</i> in New
York.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In conclusion; finally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pleased with his idol, he commends, admires,<BR>
Adores; and, <i>last</i>, the thing adored desires.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>At a time next preceding the present
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How long is't now since <i>last</i> yourself and I<BR>
Were in a mask ?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Last</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lasting</u>.] [OE. <i>lasten</i>, As. <i>l&aelig;stan</i> to
perform, execute, follow, last, continue, fr. <i>l&amacr;st</i>,
<i>l&?;st</i>, trace, footstep, course; akin to G. <i>leisten</i> to
perform, Goth. <i>laistjan</i> to follow. See <u>Last</u> mold of the
foot.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To continue in time; to endure; to
remain in existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I] proffered me to be slave in all that she me would
ordain while my life <i>lasted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Testament of
Love.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endure use, or continue in existence,
without impairment or exhaustion; as, this cloth <i>lasts</i> better
than that; the fuel will <i>last</i> through the winter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Last</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>l&amacr;st</i>trace,
track, footstep; akin to D. <i>leest</i> a last, G. <i>leisten</i>,
Sw. <i>l&auml;st</i>, Dan. <i>l&aelig;st</i>, <i>Icel</i>.
<i>leistr</i> the foot below the ankle, Goth. <i>laists</i> track,
way; from a root signifying, to go.  Cf. <u>Last</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, <u>Learn</u>, <u>Delirium</u>.] <def>A wooden block
shaped like the human foot, on which boots and shoes are
formed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cobbler is not to go beyond his
<i>last</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Darning last</b></col>, <cd>a smooth, hard body, often
egg-shaped, put into a stocking to preserve its shape in
darning.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Last</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shape with a last;
to fasten or fit to a last; to place smoothly on a last; as, to
<i>last</i> a boot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Last</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [As. <i>hl&aelig;st</i>, fr.
<i>hladan</i> to lade; akin to OHG. <i>hlast</i>, G., D., Dan., &amp; Sw.
<i>last</i>: cf. F. <i>laste</i>, <i>last</i>, a last, of German or
Dutch origin. See <u>Lade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A load; a
heavy burden; hence, a certain weight or measure, generally estimated
at 4,000 lbs., but varying for different articles and in different
countries. In England, a <i>last</i> of codfish, white herrings,
meal, or ashes, is twelve barrels; a <i>last</i> of corn, ten
quarters, or eighty bushels, in some parts of England, twenty-one
quarters; of gunpowder, twenty-four barrels, each containing 100 lbs;
of red herrings, twenty cades, or 20,000; of hides, twelve dozen; of
leather, twenty dickers; of pitch and tar, fourteen barrels; of wool,
twelve sacks; of flax or feathers, 1,700 lbs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The burden of a ship; a cargo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Last"age</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [E. <i>lestage</i>
ballasting, fr. <i>lest</i> ballast, or LL. <i>lastagium</i>,
<i>lestagium</i>. See <u>Last</u> a load.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
duty exacted, in some fairs or markets, for the right to carry things
where one will.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tax on wares sold by the last.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The lading of a ship; also, ballast.</def>
<i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Room for stowing goods, as in a
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Last"e</hw> (?), obs.  <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Last</u>, to endure.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Last"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A workman whose
business it is to shape boots or shoes, or place leather smoothly, on
lasts; a tool for stretching leather on a last.</def></p>

<p><hw>Last"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A red
color.</def>[Obs.]  <i> Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Last"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Existing or
continuing a long while; enduring; as, a <i>lasting</i> good or evil;
a <i>lasting</i> color.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Durable; permanent; undecaying; perpetual;
unending.  -- <u>Lasting</u>, <u>Permanent</u>, <u>Durable</u>.
<i>Lasting</i> commonly means merely continuing in existence;
<i>permanent</i> carries the idea of continuing in the same state,
position, or course; <i>durable</i> means lasting in spite of
agencies which tend to destroy.</p>

<p><hw>Last"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Continuance; endurance.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A species of very durable woolen stuff,
used for women's shoes; everlasting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of shaping on a
last.</def></p>

<p><hw>Last"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lasting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Last"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In the last place; in conclusion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>at last; finally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat</hw> (l&abreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To let; to
allow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat`a*ki"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.] <def>A
superior quality of Turkish smoking tobacco, so called from the place
where produced, the ancient Laodicea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Latch</hw> (l&abreve;ch), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>l&eacute;cher</i> to lick (of German origin).  Cf. <u>Lick</u>.]
<def>To smear; to anoint.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Latch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lacche</i>, fr.
<i>lacchen</i> to seize, As. <i>l&aelig;ccan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which fastens or holds; a lace; a snare.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A movable piece which holds anything in
place by entering a notch or cavity; specifically, the catch which
holds a door or gate when closed, though it be not bolted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A latching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A crossbow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Latch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Latched</u> (l&abreve;cht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Latching</u>.] [OE. <i>lacchen</i>. See <u>Latch</u>.
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To catch so as to
hold.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those that remained threw darts at our men, and
<i>latching</i> our darts, sent them again at us.</blockquote>
<i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To catch or fasten by means of a
latch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The door was only <i>latched</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Latch"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lachet</i>,
from an OF. dialect form of F. <i>lacet</i> plaited string, lace dim.
of <i>lacs</i>. See <u>Lace</u>.] <def>The string that fastens a
shoe; a shoestring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Latch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
loop or eye formed on the head rope of a bonnet, by which it is
attached to the foot of a sail; -- called also <i>latch</i> and
<i>lasket</i>.</def> [Usually in pl.]</p>

<p><hw>Latch"key`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A key used to
raise, or throw back, the latch of a door, esp. a night
latch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Latch"string`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A string for
raising the latch of a door by a person outside. It is fastened to
the latch and passed through a hole above it in the door.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To find the latchstring out</b></col>, <cd>to meet with
hospitality; to be welcome. (Intrusion is prevented by drawing in the
latchstring.)</cd> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Late</hw> (l&amacr;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Later</u> (l&amacr;t"&etilde;r), or
<u>latter</u> (l&abreve;t"t&etilde;r); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Latest</u> (l&amacr;t"&ebreve;st) or <u>Last</u> (l&adot;st).]
[OE. <i>lat</i> slow, slack, AS. <i>l&aelig;t</i>; akin to OS.
<i>lat</i>, D. <i>laat</i> late, G. <i>lass</i> weary, lazy, slack,
Icel. <i>latr</i>, Sw. <i>lat</i>, Dan. <i>lad</i>, Goth.
<i>lats</i>, and to E. <i>let</i>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>  See
<u>Let</u> to permit, and cf. <u>Alas</u>, <u>Lassitude</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Coming after the time when due, or after the
usual or proper time; not early; slow; tardy; long delayed; as, a
<i>late</i> spring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Far advanced toward the end or close; as,
a <i>late</i> hour of the day; a <i>late</i> period of
life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Existing or holding some position not long
ago, but not now; lately deceased, departed, or gone out of office;
as, the <i>late</i> bishop of London; the <i>late</i>
administration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not long past; happening not long ago;
recent; as, the <i>late</i> rains; we have received <i>late</i>
intelligence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Continuing or doing until an advanced hour
of the night; as, <i>late</i> revels; a <i>late</i>
watcher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Late</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>late</i>. See
<u>Late</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>After the
usual or proper time, or the time appointed; after delay; as, he
arrived <i>late</i>; -- opposed to <i>early</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not long ago; lately.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Far in the night, day, week, or other
particular period; as, to lie abed <i>late</i>; to sit up <i>late</i>
at night.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Of late</b></col>, <cd>in time not long past, or near the
present; lately; as, the practice is <i>of late</i> uncommon.</cd> --
<col><b>Too late</b></col>, <cd>after the proper or available time;
when the time or opportunity is past.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belated; too
late.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*teen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to a peculiar rig used in the Mediterranean and
adjacent waters, esp. on the northern coast of Africa. See
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lateen sail</b></col>. [F. voile <i>latine</i> a sail in
the shape of a right-angled triangle; cf. It. &amp; Sp. vela
<i>latina</i>; properly <i>Latin</i> sail. See <u>Latin</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>A triangular sail, extended by a long yard, which
is slung at about one fourth of its length from the lower end, to a
low mast, this end being brought down at the tack, while the other
end is elevated at an angle or about forty-five degrees; -- used in
small boats, feluccas, xebecs, etc., especially in the Mediterranean
and adjacent waters. Some lateen sails have also a boom on the lower
side.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Late"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not long ago;
recently; as, he has <i>lately</i> arrived from Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"tence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Latency.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"ten*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Latent</u>.]
<def>The state or quality of being latent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To simplify the discussion, I shall distinguish three
degrees of this <i>latency</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Late"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state,
condition, or quality, of being late; as, the <i>lateness</i> of his
arrival; the <i>lateness</i> of the hour; the <i>lateness</i> of the
season.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"tent</hw> (l&amacr;"t<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>latens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>latere</i> to lie hid or
concealed; cf. Gr. <grk>lanqa`nein</grk>, E. <i>lethargy</i>: cf. F.
<i>latent</i>.] <def>Not visible or apparent; hidden; concealed;
secret; dormant; as, <i>latent</i> springs of action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The evils <i>latent</i> in the most promising
contrivances are provided for as they arise.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Latent buds</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>buds which remain
undeveloped or dormant for a long time, but may at length grow.</cd>
<col><b>Latent heat</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>that quantity of
heat which disappears or becomes concealed in a body while producing
some change in it other than rise of temperature, as fusion,
evaporation, or expansion, the quantity being constant for each
particular body and for each species of change.</cd> --
<col><b>Latent period</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i>
<cd>The regular time in which a disease is supposed to be existing
without manifesting itself</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>One of the phases in a simple muscular
contraction, in which invisible preparatory changes are taking place
in the nerve and muscle</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<cd>One of those periods or resting stages in the development of the
ovum, in which development is arrested prior to renewed
activity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>La"tent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a secret or
concealed manner; invisibly.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lateres</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A brick or tile.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Compar. of
<u>Late</u>, <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"er*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L. <i>latus</i>,
<i>lateris</i>, side + <i>ad</i> to.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Toward the
side; away from the mesial plane; -- opposed to
<i>mesiad</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lateralis</i>,
fr. <i>latus</i>, <i>lateris</i>, side: cf. F.
<i>lat&eacute;ral</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
the sides; as, the <i>lateral</i> walls of a house; the
<i>lateral</i> branches of a tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Lying at, or extending
toward, the side; away from the mesial plane; external; -- opposed to
<i>mesial</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Directed to the side; as, a <i>lateral</i>
view of a thing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lateral cleavage</b></col> <i>(Crystallog.)</i>,
<cd>cleavage parallel to the lateral planes.</cd> -- <col><b>Lateral
equation</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>an equation of the first
degree.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Lateral line</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>in fishes, a line of sensory organs along either side of the
body, often marked by a distinct line of color.</cd> --
<col><b>Lateral pressure</b></col> or <col><b>stress</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a pressure or stress at right angles to the
length, as of a beam or bridge; -- distinguished from <i>longitudinal
pressure or stress</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lateral strength</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>strength which resists a tendency to fracture
arising from lateral pressure.</cd> -- <col><b>Lateral
system</b></col> <i>(Bridge Building)</i>, <cd>the system of
horizontal braces (as between two vertical trusses) by which lateral
stiffness is secured.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lat`er*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or condition of being lateral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"er*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By the
side; sidewise; toward, or from, the side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"er*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The church and
palace of St. John Lateran, the church being the cathedral church of
Rome, and the highest in rank of all churches in the Catholic
world.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is said to have been derived from that of the
<i>Laterani</i> family, who possessed a palace on or near the spot
where the church now stands. In this church several ecclesiastical
councils, hence called <i>Lateran</i> councils, have been held.</p>

<p><hw>Lat"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to
delay; dilatory.</def> [Obs.] "When a man is too <i>latered</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat`er*i*fo"li*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>latus</i>, <i>lateris</i>, side + <i>folium</i> leaf: cf. F.
<i>lat&eacute;rifoli&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing from
the stem by the side of a leaf; as, a <i>laterifolious</i>
flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>later</i>
brick, tile: cf. F. <i>lat&eacute;rite</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An
argillaceous sandstone, of a red color, and much seamed; -- found in
India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat`er*it"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting
of, containing, or characterized by, laterite; as, <i>lateritic</i>
formations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"er*i"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lateritius</i>, fr. <i>later</i> a brick.] <def>Like bricks; of
the color of red bricks.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lateritious sediment</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
sediment in urine resembling brick dust, observed after the crises of
fevers, and at the termination of gouty paroxysms. It usually
consists of uric acid or urates with some coloring matter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||La"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
fish of the Nile.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of large percoid
fishes, of which one species (<i>Lates Niloticus</i>) inhabits the
Nile, and another (<i>L. calcarifer</i>) is found in the Ganges and
other Indian rivers. They are valued as food fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*tes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slight
withdrawal from view or knowledge.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*tes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>latescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>latescere</i> to be
concealed, fr. <i>latere</i> to be hid.] <def>Slightly withdrawn from
view or knowledge; as, a <i>latescent</i> meaning.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Late"wake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Lich
wake</i>, under <u>Lich</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Late"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
late; backward.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Lateward</i> lands."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||La"tex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A milky or colored juice in certain plants in cavities (called
<i>latex cells</i> or <i>latex tubes</i>). It contains the peculiar
principles of the plants, whether aromatic, bitter, or acid, and in
many instances yields caoutchouc upon coagulation.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Lath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Laths</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>laththe</i>, <i>latthe</i>,
<i>latte</i>, AS. <i>l&aelig;tta</i>; akin to D. <i>lat</i>, G.
<i>latte</i>, OHG. <i>latta</i>; cf. W. <i>llath</i> a rod, staff,
yard.  Cf. <u>Lattice</u>, <u>Latten</u>.] <def>A thin, narrow strip
of wood, nailed to the rafters, studs, or floor beams of a building,
for the purpose of supporting the tiles, plastering, etc. A
corrugated metallic strip or plate is sometimes used.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lath brick</b></col>, <cd>a long, slender brick, used in
making the floor on which malt is placed in the drying kiln.</cd>
<col><b>Lath nail</b></col> <cd>a slender nail for fastening
laths.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lath</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lathed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lathing</u>.] <def>To cover or line with laths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lathe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>l&aemacr;&eth;</i>. Of. uncertain origin.] <def>Formerly, a part
or division of a county among the Anglo-Saxons. At present it
consists of four or five hundreds, and is confined to the county of
Kent.</def> [Written also <i>lath</i>.]  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lathe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lathe</i> a
granary; akin to G. <i>lade</i> a chest, Icel. <i>hla&eth;a</i> a
storehouse, barn; but cf. also Icel. <i>l&ouml;&eth;</i> a smith's
lathe. Senses 2 and 3 are perh. of the same origin as <i>lathe</i> a
granary, the original meaning being, a frame to hold something. If
so, the word is from an older form of E. <i>lade</i> to load. See
<u>Lade</u> to load.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A granary; a
barn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A machine for turning, that
is, for shaping articles of wood, metal, or other material, by
causing them to revolve while acted upon by a cutting tool.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The movable swing frame of a loom,
carrying the reed for separating the warp threads and beating up the
weft; -- called also <i>lay</i> and <i>batten</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blanchard lathe</b></col>, <cd>a lathe for turning
irregular forms after a given pattern, as lasts, gunstocks, and the
like.</cd> -- <col><b>Drill lathe</b></col>, or <col><b>Speed
lathe</b></col>, <cd>a small lathe which, from its high speed, is
adapted for drilling; a hand lathe.</cd> -- <col><b>Engine
lathe</b></col>, <cd>a turning lathe in which the cutting tool has an
automatic feed; -- used chiefly for turning and boring metals,
cutting screws, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Foot lathe</b></col>, <cd>a
lathe which is driven by a treadle worked by the foot.</cd> --
<col><b>Geometric lathe</b></col>. See under <u>Geometric</u> --
<col><b>Hand lathe</b></col>, <cd>a lathe operated by hand; a power
turning lathe without an automatic feed for the tool.</cd> --
<col><b>Slide lathe</b></col>, <cd>an engine lathe.</cd> --
<col><b>Throw lathe</b></col>, <cd>a small lathe worked by one hand,
while the cutting tool is held in the other.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 833 !></p>

<p><hw>Lath"er</hw> (l&abreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>le&aacute;&eth;or</i> niter, in
<i>le&aacute;&eth;orwyrt</i> soapwort; cf. Icel. <i>lau&eth;r</i>;
perh. akin to E. <i>lye</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foam or froth
made by soap moistened with water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Foam from profuse sweating, as of a
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lath"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lathered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lathering</u>.] [AS. <i>l&emacr;&eth;rian</i> to lather, anoint.
See <u>Lather</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <def>To spread over with
lather; as, to <i>lather</i> the face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lath"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form lather, or
a froth like lather; to accumulate foam from profuse sweating, as a
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lath"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Leather</u>.]
<def>To beat severely with a thong, strap, or the like; to
flog.</def> [Low]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Lathe"reeve`</hw> (?), <hw>Lath"reeve`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Formerly, the head officer of a lathe. See
1st <u>Lathe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lath"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of covering with laths; laths, collectively; a covering of
laths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lath"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
slender elongated form, like a lath; -- said of the feldspar of
certain igneous rocks, as diabase, as seen in microscopic
sections.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lath"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Lathing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lath"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a lath; long
and slender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>lathy</i> horse, all legs and
length.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging, or
relating, to Latium, a country of ancient Italy. See
<u>Latin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*tib"u*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Latibulized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Latibulizing</u> (?).] [L. <i>latibulum</i> hiding
place, fr. <i>latere</i> to lie hid.] <def>To retire into a den, or
hole, and lie dormant in winter; to retreat and lie hid.</def> [R.]
<i>G. Shaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>||La*tib"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Latibula</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A concealed hiding place; a
burrow; a lair; a hole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat`i*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>latex</i>, <i>laticis</i>, a liquid + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Containing the latex; -- applied to the tissue or
tubular vessels in which the latex of the plant is found.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"i*clave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laticlavus</i>, <i>laticlavium</i>; <i>latus</i> broad +
<i>clavus</i> nail, a purple stripe on the tunica: cf. F.
<i>laticlave</i>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A broad stripe of purple
on the fore part of the tunic, worn by senators in ancient Rome as an
emblem of office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat`i*cos"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>latus</i>
broad + E. <i>costate</i>.] <def>Broad-ribbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat`i*den"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>latus</i>
broad + E. <i>dentate</i>.] <def>Broad-toothed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lat`i*fo"li*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Lat`i*fo"li*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>latifolius</i>; <i>latus</i> broad +
<i>folium</i> leaf: cf. F. <i>latifoli&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having broad leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"i*mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>latinier</i>,
<i>latimier</i>, prop., one knowing Latin.] <def>An
interpreter.</def> [Obs.] <i>Coke</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>Latinus</i> belonging to Latium, Latin, fr. <i>Latium</i> a
country of Italy, in which Rome was situated.  Cf. <u>Ladin</u>,
<i>Lateen sail</i>, under <u>Lateen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to Latium, or to the Latins, a people of Latium; Roman;
as, the <i>Latin</i> language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or composed in, the
language used by the Romans or Latins; as, a <i>Latin</i> grammar; a
<i>Latin</i> composition or idiom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Latin Church</b></col> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>, <cd>the
Western or Roman Catholic Church, as distinct from the Greek or
Eastern Church.</cd> -- <col><b>Latin cross</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Illust.</i> 1 of <u>Cross</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Latin
races</b></col>, <cd>a designation sometimes loosely given to certain
nations, esp. the French, Spanish, and Italians, who speak languages
principally derived from Latin.</cd> <col><b>Latin Union</b></col>,
<cd>an association of states, originally comprising France, Belgium,
Switzerland, and Italy, which, in 1865, entered into a monetary
agreement, providing for an identity in the weight and fineness of
the gold and silver coins of those countries, and for the amounts of
each kind of coinage by each. Greece, Servia, Roumania, and Spain
subsequently joined the Union.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lat"in</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Latium; a Roman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of the ancient
Romans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An exercise in schools, consisting in
turning English into Latin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A member of the Roman
Catholic Church.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dog Latin</b></col>, <cd>barbarous Latin; a jargon in
imitation of Latin; as, the <i>log Latin</i> of schoolboys.</cd> --
<col><b>Late Latin</b></col>, <col><b>Low Latin</b></col>, <cd>terms
used indifferently to designate the latest stages of the Latin
language; low Latin (and, perhaps, late Latin also), including the
barbarous coinages from the French, German, and other languages into
a Latin form made after the Latin had become a dead language for the
people.</cd> -- <col><b>Law Latin</b></col>, <cd>that kind of late,
or low, Latin, used in statutes and legal instruments; -- often
barbarous.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lat"in</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To write or speak in
Latin; to turn or render into Latin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat"in*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>latinisme</i>.] <def>A Latin idiom; a mode of speech peculiar to
Latin; also, a mode of speech in another language, as English, formed
on a Latin model.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is also sometimes used by Biblical scholars to
designate a Latin word in Greek letters, or the Latin sense of a
Greek word in the Greek Testament.</p>

<p><hw>Lat"in*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>latiniste</i>.] <def>One skilled in Latin; a Latin scholar.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He left school a good <i>Latinist</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat`in*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or derived from, Latin; in the Latin style or
idiom.</def> "<i>Latinistic</i> words."  <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*tin"i*tas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Poetaster</u>.] <def>One who has but a smattering of Latin.</def>
<i>Walker.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*tin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>latinitas</i>: cf. F. <i>latinit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The Latin
tongue, style, or idiom, or the use thereof; specifically, purity of
Latin style or idiom.</def> "His ele&?;ant <i>Latinity</i>."
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat`in*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of Latinizing, as a word, language, or country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Germanization of Britain went far deeper than the
<i>Latinization</i> of France.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat"in*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Latinized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Latinizing</u> (?).] [L. <i>latinizare</i>: cf. F.
<i>latiniser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give Latin terminations
or forms to, as to foreign words, in writing Latin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring under the power or influence of
the Romans or Latins; to affect with the usages of the Latins,
especially in speech.</def> "<i>Latinized</i> races."
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make like the Roman Catholic Church or
diffuse its ideas in; as, to <i>Latinize</i> the Church of
England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"in*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use words or
phrases borrowed from the Latin.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come under the influence of the Romans,
or of the Roman Catholic Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"in*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of
the Latin language; in correct Latin.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Heylin.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>latio</i>, fr.
<i>latus</i> borne. See <u>Tolerate</u>.] <def>Transportation;
conveyance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Lat`i*ros"tral</hw> (?), <hw>Lat`i*ros"trous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>latirostre</i>. See
<u>Latirostres</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a broad
beak.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lat`i*ros"tres</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>latus</i> broad + <i>rostrum</i> beak.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The broad-billed singing birds, such as the swallows, and their
allies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
late.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Lat`i*ster"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>latus</i>
broad + E. <i>sternal</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a broad
breastbone, or sternum; -- said of anthropoid apes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"i*tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Latitant</u>.] <def>Act or state of lying hid, or lurking.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat"i*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>latitans</i>,
pr. of <i>latitare</i> to lie hid, to lurk, v. intens. fr.
<i>latere</i> to be hid: cf. F. <i>latitant</i>.] <def>Lying hid;
concealed; latent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Lat"i*tat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., he lies hid.]
<i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A writ based upon the presumption that the
person summoned was hiding.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>latitatio</i>.] <def>A lying in concealment; hiding.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lat"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>latitude</i>,
L. <i>latitudo</i>, fr. <i>latus</i> broad, wide, for older
<i>stlatus</i>; perh. akin to E. <i>strew</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Extent from side to side, or distance sidewise from a given
point or line; breadth; width.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Provided the length do not exceed the <i>latitude</i>
above one third part.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Room; space; freedom from confinement or
restraint; hence, looseness; laxity; independence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In human actions there are no degrees and precise
natural limits described, but a <i>latitude</i> is
indulged.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Extent or breadth of signification,
application, etc.; extent of deviation from a standard, as truth,
style, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No discreet man will believe Augustine's miracles, in
the <i>latitude</i> of monkish relations.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Extent; size; amplitude; scope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I pretend not to treat of them in their full
<i>latitude</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>Distance north or south of
the equator, measured on a meridian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The angular distance of a
heavenly body from the ecliptic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ascending latitude</b></col>, <col><b>Circle of
latitude</b></col>, <col><b>Geographical latitude</b></col>, <cd>etc.
See under <u>Ascending</u>. <u>Circle</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>High
latitude</b></col>, <cd>that part of the earth's surface near either
pole, esp. that part within either the arctic or the antarctic
circle.</cd> -- <col><b>Low latitude</b></col>, <cd>that part of the
earth's surface which is near the equator.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lat`i*tu"di*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to latitude; in the direction of latitude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat`i*tu`di*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>latitudinaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not restrained; not
confined by precise limits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indifferent to a strict application of any
standard of belief or opinion; hence, deviating more or less widely
from such standard; lax in doctrine; as, <i>latitudinarian</i>
divines; <i>latitudinarian</i> theology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Latitudinarian</i> sentiments upon religious
subjects.</blockquote> <i>Allibone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lax in moral or religious
principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat`i*tu`di*na"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is moderate in his notions, or not
restrained by precise settled limits in opinion; one who indulges
freedom in thinking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A member of the
Church of England, in the time of Charles II., who adopted more
liberal notions in respect to the authority, government, and
doctrines of the church than generally prevailed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were called "men of latitude;" and upon this, men
of narrow thoughts fastened upon them the name of
<i>latitudinarians</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One who departs in opinion
from the strict principles of orthodoxy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat`i*tu`di*na"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
latitudinarian system or condition; freedom of opinion in matters
pertaining to religious belief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fierce sectarianism bred fierce
<i>latitudinarianism</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Ammonius Saccas] plunged into the wildest
<i>latitudinarianism</i> of opinion.</blockquote> <i>J. S.
Harford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat`i*tu"di*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
latitude, or wide extent.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lat"on</hw> (?), <hw>Lat"oun</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Latten, 1.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"trant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>latrans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>latrare</i>. See <u>Latrate</u>.] <def>Barking.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>latratus</i>, p. p. of <i>latrare</i> to bark.] <def>To bark as a
dog.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>La*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
barking.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>La*treu"tic*al</hw> (l&adot;*tr&udd;"t&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>latreytiko`s</grk>, fr.
<grk>latrey`ein</grk> to serve, to worship.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Acting as a hired servant; serving; ministering;
assisting.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to latria.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||La*tri"a</hw> (l&adot;*tr&imacr;"&adot;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. <grk>latrei`a</grk>, fr.
<grk>latrey`ein</grk> to serve, fr. <grk>la`tris</grk> servant.]
<def>The highest kind of worship, or that paid to God; --
distinguished by the Roman Catholics from <i>dulia</i>, or the
inferior worship paid to saints.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*trine"</hw> (l&adot;*tr&emacr;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>latrina</i>: cf. F. <i>latrines</i>.] <def>A privy, or water-
closet, esp. in a camp, hospital, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"ro*cin`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>latrocinium</i>.  Cf. <u>Larceny</u>.] <def>Theft; larceny.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lat"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>latoun</i>,
<i>laton</i>, OF. <i>laton</i>, F. <i>laiton</i>, prob. fr. OF.
<i>late</i> lath, F. <i>latte</i>; -- because made in thin plates;
cf. It. <i>latta</i> a sheet of tinned iron, tin plate. F.
<i>latte</i> is of German origin. See <u>Lath</u> a thin board.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of brass hammered into thin sheets,
formerly much used for making church utensils, as candlesticks,
crosses, etc.; -- called also <i>latten brass</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had a cross of <i>latoun</i> full of
stones.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sheet tin; iron plate, covered with tin;
also, any metal in thin sheets; as, gold <i>latten</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black latten</b></col>, <cd>brass in milled sheets,
composed of copper and zinc, used by braziers, and for drawing into
wire.</cd> -- <col><b>Roll latten</b></col>, <cd>latten polished on
both sides ready for use.</cd> -- <col><b>Shaven latten</b></col>,
<cd>a thinner kind than black latten.</cd> -- <col><b>White
latten</b></col>, <cd>a mixture of brass and tin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>later</i>,
<i>l&aelig;tter</i>, compar. of <i>lat</i> late. See <u>Late</u>, and
cf. <u>Later</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Later; more recent; coming
or happening after something else; -- opposed to <i>former</i>; as,
the former and <i>latter</i> rain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of two things, the one mentioned
second.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The difference between reason and revelation, and in
what sense the <i>latter</i> is superior.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Recent; modern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath not navigation discovered in these <i>latter</i>
ages, whole nations at the bay of Soldania?</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Last; latest; final.</def> [R.] "My
<i>latter</i> gasp."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Latter harvest</b></col>, <cd>the last part of the
harvest.</cd> -- <col><b>Latter spring</b></col>, <cd>the last part
of the spring of the year.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat"ter-day` saint"</hw> (?). <def>A Mormon; -- the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints being the name assumed by the whole
body of Mormons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"ter*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pointed
wooden tool used in glazing leaden lattice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Lately; of late;
recently; at a later, as distinguished from a former,
period.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Latterly</i> Milton was short and
thick.</blockquote> <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat"ter*math</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Aftermath</u>.] <def>The latter, or second, mowing; the
aftermath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>latis</i>, F.
<i>lattis</i> lathwork, fr. <i>latte</i> lath. See <u>Latten</u>, 1st
<u>Lath</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any work of wood or metal, made
by crossing laths, or thin strips, and forming a network; as, the
<i>lattice</i> of a window; -- called also
<i>latticework</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mother of Sisera looked out at a window, and cried
through the <i>lattice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Judg. v. 28. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The representation of a
piece of latticework used as a bearing, the bands being vertical and
horizontal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lattice bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge supported by
lattice girders, or latticework trusses.</cd> -- <col><b>Lattice
girder</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a girder of which the wed
consists of diagonal pieces crossing each other in the manner of
latticework.</cd> -- <col><b>Lattice plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an aquatic plant of Madagascar (<i>Ouvirandra fenestralis</i>),
whose leaves have interstices between their ribs and cross veins, so
as to resemble latticework. A second species is <i>O. Berneriana</i>.
The genus is merged in <i>Aponogeton</i> by recent authors.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lat"tice</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Latticed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Latticing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a lattice of;
as, to <i>lattice</i> timbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To close, as an opening, with latticework;
to furnish with a lattice; as, to <i>lattice</i> a window.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To lattice up</b></col>, <cd>to cover or inclose with a
lattice.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Therein it seemeth he [Alexander] hath <i>latticed
up</i> C&aelig;sar.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lat"tice*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Lattice</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"ti*cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of making a lattice of, or of fitting a
lattice to.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bridge Building)</i> <def>A system of bars
crossing in the middle to form braces between principal longitudinal
members, as of a strut.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La"tus rec"tum</hw> (?). [L., the right side.] <i>(Conic
Sections)</i> <def>The line drawn through a focus of a conic section
parallel to the directrix and terminated both ways by the curve. It
is the parameter of the principal axis. See <u>Focus</u>, and
<u>Parameter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>laus</i>,
<i>laudis</i>. See <u>Laud</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>High commendation; praise; honor;
exaltation; glory.</def> "<i>Laud</i> be to God."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So do well and thou shalt have <i>laud</i> of the
same.</blockquote> <i>Tyndals.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part of divine worship, consisting
chiefly of praise; -- usually in the <i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p>&fist; In the Roman Catholic Church, the prayers used at daybreak,
between those of matins and prime, are called <i>lauds</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Music or singing in honor of any
one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laud</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lauded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lauding</u>.] [L. <i>laudare</i>, fr. <i>laus</i>, <i>laudis</i>,
praise.  Cf. <u>Allow</u>.] <def>To praise in words alone, or with
words and singing; to celebrate; to extol.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With all the company of heaven, we <i>laud</i> and
magnify thy glorious name.</blockquote> <i>Book of Common
Prayer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laud`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laudabilitas</i>.] <def>Laudableness; praiseworthiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laud"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laudabilis</i>: cf. OE. <i>laudable</i>. See <u>Laud</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of being
lauded; praiseworthy; commendable; as, <i>laudable</i> motives;
<i>laudable</i> actions; <i>laudable</i> ambition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Healthy; salubrious; normal;
having a disposition to promote healing; not noxious; as,
<i>laudable</i> juices of the body; <i>laudable</i> pus.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><! p. 834 !></p>

<p><hw>Laud"a*ble*ness</hw> (l&add;d"&adot;*b'l*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being laudable;
praiseworthiness; commendableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laud"a*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a laudable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lau"da*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Laudanum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white organic base,
resembling morphine, and obtained from certain varieties of
opium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lau"da*num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Orig. the same wort
as <i>ladanum</i>, <i>ladbdanum</i>: cf. F. <i>laudanum</i>, It.
<i>laudano</i>, <i>ladano</i>. See <u>Ladanum</u>.] <def>Tincture of
opium, used for various medical purposes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A fluid ounce of American laudanum should contain the
soluble matter of one tenth of an ounce avoirdupois of powdered opium
with equal parts of alcohol and water. English laudanum should have
ten grains less of opium in the fluid ounce. <i>U. S. Disp.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dutchman's laudanum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Dutchman</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lau*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laudatio</i>: cf. OE. <i>taudation</i>. See <u>Land</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The act of lauding; praise; high
commendation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laud"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laudativus</i> laudatory: cf. F. <i>laudatif</i>.]
<def>Laudatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laud"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A panegyric; a
eulogy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lau*da"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who lauds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An arbitrator.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laud"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laudatorius</i>: cf. OF. <i>laudatoire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining
praise, or to the expression of praise; as, <i>laudatory</i> verses;
the <i>laudatory</i> powers of Dryden.</def>  <i>Sir J.
Stephen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laud"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
lauds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laugh</hw> (l&au;f), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Laughed</u> (l&au;ft); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Laughing</u>.] [OE. <i>laughen</i>, <i>laghen</i>,
<i>lauhen</i>, AS. <i>hlehhan</i>, <i>hlihhan</i>, <i>hlyhhan</i>,
<i>hliehhan</i>; akin to OS. <i>hlahan</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>lachen</i>,
OHG. <i>hlahhan</i>, <i>lahhan</i>, <i>lahh&emacr;n</i>, Icel.
<i>hl&aelig;ja</i>, Dan. <i>lee</i>, Sw. <i>le</i>, Goth.
<i>hlahjan</i>; perh. of imitative origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To show mirth, satisfaction, or derision, by peculiar movement
of the muscles of the face, particularly of the mouth, causing a
lighting up of the face and eyes, and usually accompanied by the
emission of explosive or chuckling sounds from the chest and throat;
to indulge in laughter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Queen Hecuba <i>laughed</i> that her eyes ran
o'er.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>laugheth</i> that winneth.</blockquote>
<i>Heywood's Prov.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To be or appear gay, cheerful,
pleasant, mirthful, lively, or brilliant; to sparkle; to
sport.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>laughs</i> the childish year, with flowerets
crowned.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In Folly's cup still <i>laughs</i> the bubble
Joy.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To laugh at</b></col>, <cd>to make an object of laughter
or ridicule; to make fun of; to deride.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>No wit to flatter left of all his store,<BR>
No fool <i>to laugh at</i>, which he valued more.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To laugh in the sleeve</b></col>, <cd>to laugh
secretly, or so as not to be observed, especially while apparently
preserving a grave or serious demeanor toward the person or persons
laughed at.</cd> -- <col><b>To laugh out</b></col>, <cd>to laugh in
spite of some restraining influence; to laugh aloud.</cd> --
<col><b>To laugh out of the other corner</b></col> (or
<col><b>side</b></col>) <col><b>of the mouth</b></col>, <cd>to weep
or cry; to feel regret, vexation, or disappointment after hilarity or
exaltation.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Laugh</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
affect or influence by means of laughter or ridicule.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will you <i>laugh</i> me asleep, for I am very
heavy?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall <i>laugh</i> myself to death.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express by, or utter with, laughter; --
with <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From his deep chest <i>laughs</i> out a loud
applause.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To laugh away</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To drive
away by laughter; as, <i>to laugh away</i> regret</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To waste in hilarity.</cd> "Pompey doth this
day <i>laugh away</i> his fortune." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To laugh
down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to cease or desist
by laughter; as, <i>to laugh down</i> a speaker</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to be given up on account of
ridicule; as, <i>to laugh down</i> a reform.</cd> -- <col><b>To laugh
one out of</b></col>, <cd>to cause one by laughter or ridicule to
abandon or give up; as, <i>to laugh one out of</i> a plan or
purpose.</cd> -- <col><b>To laugh to scorn</b></col>, <cd>to deride;
to treat with mockery, contempt, and scorn; to despise.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Laugh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An expression of
mirth peculiar to the human species; the sound heard in laughing;
laughter. See <u>Laugh</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the loud <i>laugh</i> that spoke the vacant
mind.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That man is a bad man who has not within him the power
of a hearty <i>laugh</i>.</blockquote> <i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laugh"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fitted to
excite laughter; as, a <i>laughable</i> story; a <i>laughable</i>
scene.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Droll; ludicrous; mirthful; comical. See
<u>Droll</u>, and <u>Ludicrous</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Laugh"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Laugh"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Laugh"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who laughs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A variety of the domestic
pigeon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laugh"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>from
<u>Laugh</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Laughing falcon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South
American hawk (<i>Herpetotheres cachinnans</i>); -- so called from
its notes, which resemble a shrill laugh.</cd> -- <col><b>Laughing
gas</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>hyponitrous oxide, or protoxide of
nitrogen; -- so called from the exhilaration and laughing which it
sometimes produces when inhaled. It is much used as an
an&aelig;sthetic agent.</cd> -- <col><b>Laughing goose</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European white-fronted goose.</cd> --
<col><b>Laughing gull</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A common European gull (<i>Xema
ridibundus</i>); -- called also <i>pewit</i>, <i>black cap</i>,
<i>red-legged gull</i>, and <i>sea crow</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>An American gull (<i>Larus atricilla</i>). In summer the head is
nearly black, the back slate color, and the five outer primaries
black.</cd> -- <col><b>Laughing hyena</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the spotted hyena. See <u>Hyena</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Laughing
jackass</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the great brown kingfisher
(<i>Dacelo gigas</i>), of Australia; -- called also <i>giant
kingfisher</i>, and <i>gogobera</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Laughing
owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a peculiar owl (<i>Sceloglaux
albifacies</i>) of New Zealand, said to be on the verge of
extinction. The name alludes to its notes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Laugh"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
laughter or merriment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laugh"ing*stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An object
of ridicule; a butt of sport.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When he talked, he talked nonsense, and made himself
the <i>laughingstock</i> of his hearers.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laugh"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exciting
laughter; also, addicted to laughter; merry.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Laugh"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hleahtor</i>;
akin to OHG. <i>hlahtar</i>, G. <i>gel&auml;chter</i>, Icel.
<i>hl&amacr;tr</i>, Dan. <i>latter</i>. See <u>Laugh</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> ] <def>A movement (usually involuntary) of the muscles
of the face, particularly of the lips, with a peculiar expression of
the eyes, indicating merriment, satisfaction, or derision, and
usually attended by a sonorous and interrupted expulsion of air from
the lungs. See <u>Laugh</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>The act of <i>laughter</i>, which is a sweet
contraction of the muscles of the face, and a pleasant agitation of
the vocal organs, is not merely, or totally within the jurisdiction
of ourselves.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Archly the maiden smiled, and with eyes overrunning
with <i>laughter</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laugh"ter*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not laughing;
without laughter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laugh"wor`thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deserving to
be laughed at.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lau"mont*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Dr.
<i>Laumont</i>, the discoverer.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral, of a
white color and vitreous luster. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina
and lime. Exposed to the air, it loses water, becomes opaque, and
crumbles.</def> [Written also <i>laumonite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Launce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Launce</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>lance</i>, L.
<i>lanx</i>, <i>lancis</i>, plate, scale of a balance.  Cf.
<u>Balance</u>.] <def>A balance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fortune all in equal <i>launce</i> doth
sway.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Launce</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Lant</u>, the fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Launce"gaye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lancegaye</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Launch</hw> (l&auml;nch), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Launched</u> (l&auml;ncht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Launching</u>.] [OE.
<i>launchen</i> to throw as a lance, OF. <i>lanchier</i>, another
form of <i>lancier</i>, F. <i>lancer</i>, fr. <i>lance</i> lance. See
<u>Lance</u>.] [Written also <i>lanch</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To throw, as a lance or dart; to hurl; to let fly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike with, or as with, a lance; to
pierce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Launch</i> your hearts with lamentable
wounds.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to move or slide from the land
into the water; to set afloat; as, to <i>launch</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With stays and cordage last he rigged the ship,<BR>
And rolled on levers, <i>launched</i> her in the deep.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To send out; to start (one) on a career;
to set going; to give a start to (something); to put in operation;
as, to <i>launch</i> a son in the world; to <i>launch</i> a business
project or enterprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All art is used to sink episcopacy, and <i>launch</i>
presbytery in England.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><hw>Launch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move with force
and swiftness like a sliding from the stocks into the water; to
plunge; to make a beginning; as, to <i>launch</i> into the current of
a stream; to <i>launch</i> into an argument or discussion; to
<i>launch</i> into lavish expenditures; -- often with
<i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Launch</i> out into the deep, and let down your
nets for a draught.</blockquote> <i>Luke v. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Spenser] <i>launches</i> out into very flowery
paths.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Launch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of launching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The movement of a vessel from land into
the water; especially, the sliding on ways from the stocks on which
it is built.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. Sp. <i>lancha</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The boat of the largest size belonging to a ship of war; also,
an open boat of any size driven by steam, naphtha, electricity, or
the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Launching ways</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Way</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Laund</hw> (l&add;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lawn</u>
of grass.] <def>A plain sprinkled with trees or underbrush; a
glade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In a <i>laund</i> upon an hill of
flowers.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Through this <i>laund</i> anon the deer will
come.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laun"der</hw> (l&auml;n"d&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Contracted fr. OE. <i>lavender</i>, F. <i>lavandi&egrave;re</i>, LL.
<i>lavandena</i>, from L. <i>lavare</i> to wash. See <u>Lave</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A washerwoman.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A trough used by miners to
receive the powdered ore from the box where it is beaten, or for
carrying water to the stamps, or other apparatus, for comminuting, or
sorting, the ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laun"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Laundered</u> (-d&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Laundering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wash, as
clothes; to wash, and to smooth with a flatiron or mangle; to wash
and iron; as, to <i>launder</i> shirts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lave; to wet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laun"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
follows the business of laundering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laun"der*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act, or
occupation, of one who launders; washing and ironing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laun"dress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman whose
employment is laundering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laun"dress</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act as a
laundress.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Laun"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Laundries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>lavendrie</i>, OF.
<i>lavanderie</i>. See <u>Launder</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
laundering; a washing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place or room where laundering is
done.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laun"dry*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Laundrymen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who follows the
business of laundering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lau"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. Gr. (&?;)
lane, defile, also, a kind of monastery.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A
number of hermitages or cells in the same neighborhood occupied by
anchorites who were under the same superior.</def>  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lau*ra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Laurus</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Belonging to, or resembling, a
natural order (<i>Laurace&aelig;</i>) of trees and shrubs having
aromatic bark and foliage, and including the laurel, sassafras,
cinnamon tree, true camphor tree, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lau"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of lauric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lau"re*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laureatus</i>, fr. <i>laurea</i> laurel tree, fr. <i>laureus</i>
of laurel, fr. <i>laurus</i> laurel: cf. F. <i>laur&eacute;at</i>.
Cf. <u>Laurel</u>.] <def>Crowned, or decked, with laurel.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To strew the <i>laureate</i> hearse where Lycid
lies.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Soft on her lap her <i>laureate</i> son
reclines.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Poet laureate</b></col>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>One who
received an honorable degree in grammar, including poetry and
rhetoric, at the English universities; -- so called as being
presented with a wreath of laurel</cd>. [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Formerly, an officer of the king's household, whose business was
to compose an ode annually for the king's birthday, and other
suitable occasions; now, a poet officially distinguished by such
honorary title, the office being a sinecure. It is said this title
was first given in the time of Edward IV.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lau"re*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One crowned with
laurel; a poet laureate.</def> "A learned <i>laureate</i>."
<i>Cleveland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lau"re*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Laureated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Laureating</u> (?).] <def>To honor with a wreath of
laurel, as formerly was done in bestowing a degree at the English
universities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lau"re*ate*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State, or
office, of a laureate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lau`re*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>laur&eacute;ation</i>.] <def>The act of crowning with laurel; the
act of conferring an academic degree, or honorary title.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lau"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lorel</i>,
<i>laurer</i>, <i>lorer</i>, OF. <i>lorier</i>, <i>laurier</i>, F.
<i>laurier</i>, (assumed) LL. <i>Laurarius</i>, fr. L.
<i>laurus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An evergreen
shrub, of the genus <i>Laurus</i> (<i>L. nobilis</i>), having
aromatic leaves of a lanceolate shape, with clusters of small,
yellowish white flowers in their axils; -- called also <i>sweet
bay</i>.</def> The fruit is a purple berry. It is found about the
Mediterranean, and was early used by the ancient Greeks to crown the
victor in the games of Apollo. At a later period, academic honors
were indicated by a crown of laurel, with the fruit. The leaves and
tree yield an aromatic oil, used to flavor the bay water of
commerce.</p>

<p>&fist; The name is extended to other plants which in some respect
resemble the true laurel. See Phrases, below.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A crown of laurel; hence, honor;
distinction; fame; -- especially in the plural; as, to win
<i>laurels</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An English gold coin made in 1619, and so
called because the king's head on it was crowned with
laurel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Laurel water</b></col>, <cd>water distilled from the fresh
leaves of the cherry laurel, and containing prussic acid and other
products carried over in the process.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>American laurel</b></col>, or <col><b>Mountain
laurel</b></col>, <cd><i>Kalmia latifolia</i>. See under
<u>Mountain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>California laurel</b></col>,
<cd><i>Umbellularia Californica</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cherry
laurel</b></col> <cd>(in England called <i>laurel</i>). See under
<u>Cherry</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Great laurel</b></col>, <cd>the
rosebay (<i>Rhododendron maximum</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Ground
laurel</b></col>, <cd>trailing arbutus.</cd> -- <col><b>New Zealand
laurel</b></col>, <cd><i>Laurelia Nov&aelig; Zelandi&aelig;</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Portugal laurel</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Prunus
Lusitanica</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose laurel</b></col>, <cd>the
oleander. See <u>Oleander</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep
laurel</b></col>, <cd>a poisonous shrub, <i>Kalmia angustifolia</i>,
smaller than the mountain laurel, and with smaller and redder
flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Spurge laurel</b></col>, <cd><i>Daphne
Laureola</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>West Indian laurel</b></col>,
<cd><i>Prunus occidentalis</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lau"reled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Crowned with
laurel, or with a laurel wreath; laureate.</def> [Written also
<i>laurelled</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lau*ren"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or near, the St. Lawrence River; as, the <i>Laurentian</i>
hills.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Laurentian period</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the lower
of the two divisions of the Arch&aelig;an age; -- called also <i>the
Laurentian</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lau"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Laurel.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lau"res*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>lautus
tinus</i>, fr. L. <i>laurus</i> the laurel + <i>tinus</i> laurestine.
See <u>Laurel</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The <i>Viburnum Tinus</i>, an
evergreen shrub or tree of the south of Europe, which flowers during
the winter months.</def> [Written also <i>laurustine</i> and
<i>laurestina</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lau"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
derived from, the European bay or laurel (<i>Laurus
nobilis</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lauric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white,
crystalline substance, C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>24</sub>O<sub>2</sub>,
resembling palmitic acid, and obtained from the fruit of the bay
tree, and other sources.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Lau*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>laurifer</i>; <i>laurus + ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Producing, or
bringing, laurel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lau"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>laurine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline substance
extracted from the fruit of the bay (<i>Laurus nobilis</i>), and
consisting of a complex mixture of glycerin ethers of several organic
acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lau"ri*nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Laurin</i> +
<i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Ordinary camphor; -- so called in
allusion to the family name (<i>Laurace&aelig;</i>) of the camphor
trees. See <u>Camphor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lau"ri*ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Spurge
laurel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lau"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A rare sulphide of osmium and ruthenium found with
platinum in Borneo and Oregon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lau"rone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lauric</i> + <i>-
one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The ketone of lauric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., laurel.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees including, according to modern
authors, only the true laurel (<i>Laurus nobilis</i>), and the larger
<i>L. Canariensis</i> of Madeira and the Canary Islands. Formerly the
sassafras, the camphor tree, the cinnamon tree, and several other
aromatic trees and shrubs, were also referred to the genus
<i>Laurus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laus</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Loose.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"va</hw> (l&auml;"v&adot;; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>lava</i> lava, orig. in Naples, a torrent of rain overflowing the
streets, fr. It. &amp; L. <i>lavare</i> to wash. See <u>Lave</u>.]
<def>The melted rock ejected by a volcano from its top or fissured
sides. It flows out in streams sometimes miles in length. It also
issues from fissures in the earth's surface, and forms beds covering
many square miles, as in the Northwestern United States.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Lavas are classed, according to their structure, as
scoriaceous or cellular, glassy, stony, etc., and according to the
material of which they consist, as doleritic, trachytic, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Lava millstone</b></col>, <cd>a hard and coarse basaltic
millstone from the neighborhood of the Rhine.</cd> -- <col><b>Lava
ware</b></col>, <cd>a kind of cheap pottery made of iron slag cast
into tiles, urns, table tops, etc., resembling lava in
appearance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lav"a*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European whitefish (<i>Coregonus
laveretus</i>), found in the mountain lakes of Sweden, Germany, and
Switzerland.</def></p>

<p><! p. 835 !></p>

<p><hw>La*vat"ic</hw> (l&adot;*v&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like lava, or composed of lava;
lavic.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lavatio</i>:
cf. OF. <i>lavation</i>.] <def>A washing or cleansing.</def> [Obs. or
R.]</p>

<p><hw>Lav"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Washing, or
cleansing by washing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lav"a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lavatories</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>lavatorium</i>: cf.
<i>lavatoire</i>. See <u>Lave</u> to wash, and cf. <u>Laver</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place for washing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A basin or other vessel for washing
in.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wash or lotion for a diseased
part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A place where gold is obtained by
washing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lav"a*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wash or
lotion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lave</hw> (l&amacr;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Laved</u> (l&amacr;vd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Laving</u>.] [F. <i>laver</i>, L. <i>lavare</i>, akin
to <i>luere</i> to wash, Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>Ablution</u>,
<u>Deluge</u>, <u>Lavender</u>, <u>Lava</u>, <u>Lotion</u>.] <def>To
wash; to bathe; as, to <i>lave</i> a bruise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His feet the foremost breakers
<i>lave</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lave</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bathe; to wash
one's self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In her chaste current oft the goddess
<i>laves</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>laven</i>. See
<u>Lavish</u>.] <def>To lade, dip, or pour out.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lave</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>l&amacr;f</i> the
remainder, what is left. &radic;119.  See <u>Leave</u>.] <def>The
remainder; others.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lave"-eared`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. W.
<i>llaf</i> that extends round, <i>llipa</i> flaccid, flapping, G.
<i>lapp</i> flabby, <i>lappohr</i> flap ear.] <def>Having large,
pendent ears.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*veer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [D.
<i>laveren</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To beat against the wind; to
tack.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lave"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lavement</i>,
fr. <i>laver</i> to wash.] <def>A washing or bathing; also, a
clyster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lav"en*der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>lavendre</i>, F. <i>lavande</i>, It. <i>lavanda</i> lavender, a
washing, fr. L. <i>lavare</i> to wash; cf. It. <i>lsavendola</i>, LL.
<i>lavendula</i>. So called because it was used in bathing and
washing. See <u>Lave</u>. to wash, and cf. <u>Lavender</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aromatic plant of the genus
<i>Lavandula</i> (<i>L. vera</i>), common in the south of Europe. It
yields and oil used in medicine and perfumery. The <i>Spike
lavender</i> (<i>L. Spica</i>) yields a coarser oil (oil of spike),
used in the arts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The pale, purplish color of lavender
flowers, paler and more delicate than lilac.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lavender cotton</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low,
twiggy, aromatic shrub (<i>Santolina Cham&aelig;cyparissus</i>) of
the Mediterranean region, formerly used as a vermifuge, etc., and
still used to keep moths from wardrobes. Also called <i>ground
cypress</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lavender water</b></col>, <cd>a perfume
composed of alcohol, essential oil of lavender, essential oil of
bergamot, and essence of ambergris.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea
lavender</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Marsh rosemary</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>To lay in lavender</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
lay away, as clothing, with sprigs of lavender.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To pawn.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lav"er</hw> (l&amacr;"v&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>lavour</i>, F. <i>lavoir</i>, L. <i>lavatorium</i> a washing
place. See <u>Lavatory</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vessel for
washing; a large basin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script. Hist.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A large brazen vessel placed in the court of the Jewish
tabernacle where the officiating priests washed their hands and
feet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of several vessels in
Solomon's Temple in which the offerings for burnt sacrifices were
washed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which washes or cleanses.</def>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lav"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Lave</u> to wash.]
<def>One who laves; a washer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>La"ver</hw> (l&amacr;"v&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The fronds of certain marine alg&aelig; used as food, and for
making a sauce called laver sauce. Green <i>laver</i> is the <i>Ulva
latissima</i>; purple <i>laver</i>, <i>Porphyra laciniata</i> and
<i>P. vulgaris</i>. It is prepared by stewing, either alone or with
other vegetables, and with various condiments; -- called also
<i>sloke</i>, or <i>sloakan</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mountain laver</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a reddish
gelatinous alga of the genus <i>Palmella</i>, found on the sides of
mountains</cd></p>

<p><hw>La"ver*ock</hw> (l&amacr;"v&etilde;r*&obreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lark</u> the bird.] <def>The lark.</def>
[Old Eng. &amp; Scot.] [Written also <i>lavrock</i>.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"vic</hw> (l&auml;"v&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Lavatic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lav"ish</hw> (l&abreve;v"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Akin to E. <i>lave</i> to lade out; cf. AS. <i>gelafian</i> to
refresh, G. <i>laben</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Expending or
bestowing profusely; profuse; prodigal; as, <i>lavish</i> of money;
<i>lavish</i> of praise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Superabundant; excessive; as,
<i>lavish</i> spirits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let her have needful, but not <i>lavish</i>,
means.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Profuse; prodigal; wasteful; extravagant;
exuberant; immoderate. See <u>Profuse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lav"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lavished</u> (-&ibreve;sht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lavishing</u>.] <def>To expend or bestow with
profusion; to use with prodigality; to squander; as, to <i>lavish</i>
money or praise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lav"ish*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who lavishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lav"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lavish
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lav"ish*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of lavishing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lav"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being lavish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La*v&oelig;"si*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Lavoisier</i>, the celebrated French chemist.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A supposed new metallic element. It is said to have been
discovered in pyrites, and some other minerals, and to be of a
silver-white color, and malleable.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>La*volt"</hw> (?), <hw>La*vol"ta</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>la volta</i> the turn, turning, whirl.
Cf. <u>Volt</u> of a horse, <u>Volta</u>.] <def>An old dance, for two
persons, being a kind of waltz, in which the woman made a high spring
or bound.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*vol`ta*teer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dancer
of the lavolta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lav"our</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A laver.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"vrock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Laverock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Law</hw> (l&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lawe</i>,
<i>laghe</i>, AS. <i>lagu</i>, from the root of E. <i>lie</i>: akin
to OS. <i>lag</i>, Icel. <i>l&ouml;g</i>, Sw. <i>lag</i>, Dan.
<i>lov</i>; cf. L. <i>lex</i>, E. <i>legal</i>. A <i>law</i> is that
which is <i>laid</i>, set, or fixed; like <i>statute</i>, fr. L.
<i>statuere</i> to make to stand. See <u>Lie</u> to be prostrate.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In general, a rule of being or of conduct,
established by an authority able to enforce its will; a controlling
regulation; the mode or order according to which an agent or a power
acts.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A law may be universal or particular, written or unwritten,
published or secret. From the nature of the highest laws a degree of
permanency or stability is always implied; but the power which makes
a law, or a superior power, may annul or change it.</p>

<p><blockquote>These are the statutes and judgments and <i>laws</i>,
which the Lord made.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xxvi. 46.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>law</i> of thy God, and the <i>law</i> of the
King.</blockquote> <i>Ezra vii. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As if they would confine the Interminable . . . <BR>
Who made our <i>laws</i> to bind us, not himself.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His mind his kingdom, and his will his
<i>law</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In morals: The will of God as the rule for
the disposition and conduct of all responsible beings toward him and
toward each other; a rule of living, conformable to righteousness;
the rule of action as obligatory on the conscience or moral
nature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The Jewish or Mosaic code, and that part
of Scripture where it is written, in distinction from the
<i>gospel</i>; hence, also, the Old Testament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What things soever the <i>law</i> saith, it saith to
them who are under the <i>law</i> . . . But now the righteousness of
God without the <i>law</i> is manifested, being witnessed by the
<i>law</i> and the prophets.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iii. 19, 21.
</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> In human government: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An organic rule, as a constitution or charter, establishing and
defining the conditions of the existence of a state or other
organized community.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any edict,
decree, order, ordinance, statute, resolution, judicial, decision,
usage, etc., or recognized, and enforced, by the controlling
authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In philosophy and physics: A rule of
being, operation, or change, so certain and constant that it is
conceived of as imposed by the will of God or by some controlling
authority; as, the <i>law</i> of gravitation; the <i>laws</i> of
motion; the <i>law</i> heredity; the <i>laws</i> of thought; the
<i>laws</i> of cause and effect; <i>law</i> of self-
preservation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In mathematics: The rule according to
which anything, as the change of value of a variable, or the value of
the terms of a series, proceeds; mode or order of sequence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>In arts, works, games, etc.: The rules of
construction, or of procedure, conforming to the conditions of
success; a principle, maxim; or usage; as, the <i>laws</i> of poetry,
of architecture, of courtesy, or of whist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Collectively, the whole body of rules
relating to one subject, or emanating from one source; -- including
usually the writings pertaining to them, and judicial proceedings
under them; as, divine <i>law</i>; English <i>law</i>; Roman
<i>law</i>; the <i>law</i> of real property; insurance
<i>law</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Legal science; jurisprudence; the
principles of equity; applied justice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reason is the life of the <i>law</i>; nay, the common
<i>law</i> itself is nothing else but reason.</blockquote>
<i>Coke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Law</i> is beneficence acting by rule.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And sovereign <i>Law</i>, that state's collected
will<BR>
O'er thrones and globes elate,<BR>
Sits empress, crowning good, repressing ill.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Jones.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Trial by the laws of the land; judicial
remedy; litigation; as, to go <i>law</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When every case in <i>law</i> is right.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He found <i>law</i> dear and left it
cheap.</blockquote> <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>An oath, as in the presence of a
court.</def> [Obs.] See <i>Wager of law</i>, under <u>Wager</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Avogadro's law</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a fundamental
conception, according to which, under similar conditions of
temperature and pressure, all gases and vapors contain in the same
volume the same number of ultimate molecules; -- so named after
<i>Avogadro</i>, an Italian scientist. Sometimes called
<i>Amp&egrave;re's law</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bode's law</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>an approximative empirical expression of the
distances of the planets from the sun, as follows: -- </p>

<p><table><pre>
<row>Mer. Ven. Earth. Mars.  Aste.  Jup.  Sat.  Uran.   Nep.</row>
<row> 4    4     4     4      4      4     4      4      4</row>
<row> 0    3     6    12     24     48    96     192   384</row>
<row> --   --   --    --     --     --    --     ---   ---</row>
<row> 4    7    10    16     28     52   100     196   388</row>
<row> 5.9  7.3  10    15.2   27.4   52    95.4   192   300</row>
</pre></table></p>

<p>where each distance (line third) is the sum of 4 and a multiple of
3 by the series 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, etc., the true distances being given
in the lower line.</cd> -- <col><b>Boyle's law</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>an expression of the fact, that when an elastic
fluid is subjected to compression, and kept at a constant
temperature, the product of the pressure and volume is a constant
quantity, <i>i. e.</i>, the volume is inversely proportioned to the
pressure; -- known also as <i>Mariotte's law</i>, and the <i>law of
Boyle and Mariotte</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Brehon laws</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Brehon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canon law</b></col>,
<cd>the body of ecclesiastical law adopted in the Christian Church,
certain portions of which (for example, the law of marriage as
existing before the Council of Tent) were brought to America by the
English colonists as part of the common law of the land.</cd>
<i>Wharton.</i> -- <col><b>Civil law</b></col>, <cd>a term used by
writers to designate Roman law, with modifications thereof which have
been made in the different countries into which that law has been
introduced. The civil law, instead of the common law, prevails in the
State of Louisiana.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i> -- <col><b>Commercial
law</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Law merchant</i> (below).</cd> --
<col><b>Common law</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Common</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Criminal law</b></col>, <cd>that branch of jurisprudence
which relates to crimes.</cd> -- <col><b>Ecclesiastical
law</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ecclesiastical</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Grimm's law</b></col> <i>(Philol.)</i>, <cd>a statement
(propounded by the German philologist Jacob <i>Grimm</i>) of certain
regular changes which the primitive Indo-European mute consonants,
so-called (most plainly seen in Sanskrit and, with some changes, in
Greek and Latin), have undergone in the Teutonic languages. Examples:
Skr. <i>bh</i>&amacr;tr, L. <i>f</i>rater, E. <i>b</i>rother, G.
<i>b</i>ruder; L. <i>t</i>res, E. <i>th</i>ree, G. <i>dr</i>ei, Skr.
<i>g</i>o, E. <i>c</i>ow, G. <i>k</i>uh; Skr. <i>dh</i>&amacr; to
put, Gr. <grk>ti-qe`-nai</grk>, E. <i>d</i>o, OHG, <i>t</i>uon, G.
<i>th</i>un.</cd> -- <col><b>Kepler's laws</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>three important laws or expressions of the
order of the planetary motions, discovered by John <i>Kepler</i>.
They are these: (1) The orbit of a planet with respect to the sun is
an ellipse, the sun being in one of the foci. (2) The areas swept
over by a vector drawn from the sun to a planet are proportioned to
the times of describing them. (3) The squares of the times of
revolution of two planets are in the ratio of the cubes of their mean
distances.</cd> -- <col><b>Law binding</b></col>, <cd>a plain style
of leather binding, used for law books; -- called also <i>law
calf</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Law book</b></col>, <cd>a book containing,
or treating of, laws.</cd> -- <col><b>Law calf</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Law binding</i> (above).</cd> -- <col><b>Law day</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Formerly, a day of holding court, esp. a
court-leet.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The day named in a mortgage
for the payment of the money to secure which it was given</cd>. [U.
S.] -- <col><b>Law French</b></col>, <cd>the dialect of Norman, which
was used in judicial proceedings and law books in England from the
days of William the Conqueror to the thirty-sixth year of Edward
III.</cd> -- <col><b>Law language</b></col>, <cd>the language used in
legal writings and forms.</cd> -- <col><b>Law Latin</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Latin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Law lords</b></col>,
<cd>peers in the British Parliament who have held high judicial
office, or have been noted in the legal profession.</cd> --
<col><b>Law merchant</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Commercial
law</b></col>, <cd>a system of rules by which trade and commerce are
regulated; -- deduced from the custom of merchants, and regulated by
judicial decisions, as also by enactments of legislatures.</cd> --
<col><b>Law of Charles</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the law that
the volume of a given mass of gas increases or decreases, by a
definite fraction of its value for a given rise or fall of
temperature; -- sometimes less correctly styled <i>Gay Lussac's
law</i>, or <i>Dalton's law</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Law of
nations</b></col>. <cd>See <i>International law</i>, under
<u>International</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Law of nature</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A broad generalization expressive of the
constant action, or effect, of natural conditions; as, death is a
<i>law of nature</i>; self-defense is a <i>law of nature</i>. See
<u>Law</u>, 4.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A term denoting the
standard, or system, of morality deducible from a study of the nature
and natural relations of human beings independent of supernatural
revelation or of municipal and social usages.</cd> -- <col><b>Law of
the land</b></col>, <cd>due process of law; the general law of the
land.</cd> -- <col><b>Laws of honor</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Honor</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Laws of motion</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>three laws defined by Sir Isaac Newton: (1)
Every body perseveres in its state of rest or of moving uniformly in
a straight line, except so far as it is made to change that state by
external force. (2) Change of motion is proportional to the impressed
force, and takes place in the direction in which the force is
impressed. (3) Reaction is always equal and opposite to action, that
is to say, the actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal
and in opposite directions.</cd> -- <col><b>Marine law</b></col>,
<i>or</i> <col><b>Maritime law</b></col>, <cd>the law of the sea; a
branch of the law merchant relating to the affairs of the sea, such
as seamen, ships, shipping, navigation, and the like.</cd>
<i>Bouvier.</i> -- <col><b>Mariotte's law</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Boyle's law</i> (above).</cd> -- <col><b>Martial
law</b></col>.<cd>See under <u>Martial</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Military
law</b></col>, <cd>a branch of the general municipal law, consisting
of rules ordained for the government of the military force of a state
in peace and war, and administered in courts martial.</cd>
<i>Kent</i>. <i>Warren's Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Moral
law</b></col>, <cd>the law of duty as regards what is right and wrong
in the sight of God; specifically, the ten commandments given by
Moses. See <u>Law</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Mosaic</b></col>, or
<col><b>Ceremonial</b></col>, <col><b>law</b></col>. <i>(Script.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Law</u>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Municipal law</b></col>,
<i>or</i> <col><b>Positive law</b></col>, <cd>a rule prescribed by
the supreme power of a state, declaring some right, enforcing some
duty, or prohibiting some act; -- distinguished from
<i>international</i> and <i>constitutional</i> law. See <u>Law</u>,
1.</cd> -- <col><b>Periodic law</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Periodic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Roman law</b></col>, <cd>the
system of principles and laws found in the codes and treatises of the
lawmakers and jurists of ancient Rome, and incorporated more or less
into the laws of the several European countries and colonies founded
by them. See <i>Civil law</i> (above).</cd> -- <col><b>Statute
law</b></col>, <cd>the law as stated in statutes or positive
enactments of the legislative body.</cd> -- <col><b>Sumptuary
law</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Sumptuary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To go
to law</b></col>, <cd>to seek a settlement of any matter by bringing
it before the courts of law; to sue or prosecute some one.</cd> --
<col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>take, or have</b></col>, <col><b>the law
of</b></col>, <cd>to bring the law to bear upon; as, <i>to take the
law of</i> one's neighbor.</cd> <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>Wager of
law</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Wager</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Justice; equity.  -- <u>Law</u>, <u>Statute</u>,
<u>Common law</u>, <u>Regulation</u>, <u>Edict</u>, <u>Decree</u>.
<i>Law</i> is generic, and, when used with reference to, or in
connection with, the other words here considered, denotes whatever is
commanded by one who has a right to require obedience. A
<i>statute</i> is a particular law drawn out in form, and distinctly
enacted and proclaimed. <i>Common law</i> is a rule of action founded
on long usage and the decisions of courts of justice. A
<i>regulation</i> is a limited and often, temporary law, intended to
secure some particular end or object. An <i>edict</i> is a command or
law issued by a sovereign, and is peculiar to a despotic government.
A <i>decree</i> is a permanent order either of a court or of the
executive government. See <u>Justice</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Law</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Lawe</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Law</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>La</u>.] <def>An
exclamation of mild surprise.</def> [Archaic or Low]</p>

<p><hw>Law"-a*bid`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abiding the
law; waiting for the operation of law for the enforcement of rights;
also, abiding by the law; obedient to the law; as, <i>law-abiding</i>
people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Law"break`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disobeys the law; a criminal.</def> -- <wf>Law"break`ing</wf>,
<pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lawe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Lawing</u>.]
<def>To cut off the claws and balls of, as of a dog's fore
feet.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Law"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lawyer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Law"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Conformable to law; allowed by law; legitimate;
competent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituted or authorized by law;
rightful; as, the <i>lawful</i> owner of lands.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lawful age</b></col>, <cd>the age when the law recognizes
one's right of independent action; majority; -- generally the age of
twenty-one years.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; In some of the States, and for some purposes, a woman
attains <i>lawful age</i> at eighteen. <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Legal; constitutional; allowable; regular;
rightful.  -- <u>Lawful</u>, <u>Legal</u>. <i>Lawful</i> means
conformable to the principle, spirit, or essence of the law, and is
applicable to moral as well as juridical law. <i>Legal</i> means
conformable to the letter or rules of the law as it is administered
in the courts; conformable to juridical law. <i>Legal</i> is often
used as antithetical to <i>equitable</i>, but <i>lawful</i> is seldom
used in that sense.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Law"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Law"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Law"giv`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
or enacts a law or system of laws; a legislator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Law"giv`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enacting laws;
legislative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Law"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Going to law;
litigation.</def>  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Law"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because done in
compliance with an English forest <i>law</i>.]
<def>Expeditation.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Law"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Contrary to, or unauthorized by, law; illegal; as, a
<i>lawless</i> claim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He needs no indirect nor <i>lawless</i>
course.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not subject to, or restrained by, the law
of morality or of society; as, <i>lawless</i> men or
behavior.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not subject to the laws of nature;
uncontrolled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or, meteorlike, flame <i>lawless</i> through the
void.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Law"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Law"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Law"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A legislator; a
lawgiver.</def></p>

<p><! p. 836 !></p>

<p><hw>Law"mak`ing</hw> (l&add;"m&amacr;`k&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enacting laws; legislative.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The enacting of laws;
legislation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Law"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trader in
law; one who practices law as if it were a trade.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lawn</hw> (l&add;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>laund</i>,
<i>launde</i>, F. <i>lande</i> heath, moor; of Celtic origin; cf. W.
<i>llan</i> an open, clear place, <i>llawnt</i> a smooth rising hill,
lawn, Armor. <i>lann</i> or <i>lan</i> territory, country,
<i>lann</i> a prickly plant, pl. <i>lannou</i> heath, moor.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An open space between woods.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"Orchard <i>lawns</i> and bowery
hollows."</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ground (generally in front of or around a
house) covered with grass kept closely mown.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lawn mower</b></col>, <cd>a machine for clipping the short
grass of lawns.</cd> -- <col><b>Lawn tennis</b></col>, <cd>a variety
of the game of tennis, played in the open air, sometimes upon a lawn,
instead of in a tennis court. See <u>Tennis</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lawn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Earlier <i>laune lynen</i>,
i. e., <i>lawn linen</i>; prob. from the town <i>Laon</i> in France.]
<def>A very fine linen (or sometimes cotton) fabric with a rather
open texture. Lawn is used for the sleeves of a bishop's official
dress in the English Church, and, figuratively, stands for the office
itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A saint in crape is twice a saint in
<i>lawn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lawnd</hw> (l&add;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Laund</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lawn"y</hw> (l&add;n"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a lawn; characterized by a lawn or by lawns; like a
lawn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Musing through the <i>lawny</i> park.</blockquote>
<i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lawn"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of lawn or fine
linen.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Law*so"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An Asiatic and North African shrub (<i>Lawsonia inermis</i>),
with smooth oval leaves, and fragrant white flowers. Henna is
prepared from the leaves and twigs. In England the shrub is called
<i>Egyptian privet</i>, and in the West Indies, <i>Jamaica
mignonette</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Law"suit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An action at
law; a suit in equity or admiralty; any legal proceeding before a
court for the enforcement of a claim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Law"yer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Law</u>, like
<i>bowyer</i>, fr. <i>bow</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One versed in
the laws, or a practitioner of law; one whose profession is to
conduct lawsuits for clients, or to advise as to prosecution or
defence of lawsuits, or as to legal rights and obligations in other
matters. It is a general term, comprehending attorneys, counselors,
solicitors, barristers, sergeants, and advocates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The black-necked stilt. See <u>Stilt</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bowfin (<i>Amia calva</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The burbot (<i>Lota maculosa</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Law"yer*like`</hw> (?), <hw>Law"yer*ly</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or becoming, a lawyer; as,
<i>lawyerlike</i> sagacity.</def> "<i>Lawyerly</i> mooting of this
point."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lax</hw> (l&abreve;ks), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Laxer</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Laxest</u>.] [L. <i>laxus</i> Cf.
<u>Laches</u>, <u>Languish</u>, <u>Lease</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, <u>Leash</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not tense, firm,
or rigid; loose; slack; as, a <i>lax</i> bandage; <i>lax</i>
fiber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flesh of that sort of fish being <i>lax</i> and
spongy.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not strict or stringent; not exact; loose;
weak; vague; equivocal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The discipline was <i>lax</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Society at that epoch was lenient, if not <i>lax</i>,
in matters of the passions.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The word "&aelig;ternus" itself is sometimes of a
<i>lax</i> signification.</blockquote> <i>Jortin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having a looseness of the bowels;
diarrheal.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Loose; slack; vague; unconfined; unrestrained;
dissolute; licentious.</p>

<p><hw>Lax</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A looseness;
diarrhea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lax*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>laxatio</i>,
fr. <i>laxare</i> to loosen, fr. <i>laxus</i> loose, slack.] <def>The
act of loosening or slackening, or the state of being loosened or
slackened.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lax"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>laxativus</i>
mitigating, assuaging: cf. F. <i>laxatif</i>. See <u>Lax</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a tendency to
loosen or relax.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having the effect of
loosening or opening the intestines, and relieving from constipation;
-- opposed to <i>astringent</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A laxative medicine. See the Note under
<u>Cathartic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lax"a*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being laxative.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lax*a"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>laxare</i>, <i>laxatum</i>, to loosen.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>That
which loosens; -- esp., a muscle which by its contraction loosens
some part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lax"i*ty</hw> (l&abreve;ks"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>laxitas</i>, fr. <i>laxus</i> loose,
slack: cf. F. <i>laxit&eacute;</i>, See <u>Lax</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The state or quality of being lax; want of
tenseness, strictness, or exactness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lax"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lax
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lax"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
lax; laxity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lay</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Lie</u>, to
recline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lay</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>lai</i>, L.
<i>laicus</i>, Gr. &?; of or from the people, lay, from &?;, &?;,
people.  Cf. <u>Laic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining
to the laity, as distinct from the clergy; as, a <i>lay</i> person; a
<i>lay</i> preacher; a <i>lay</i> brother.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not educated or cultivated;
ignorant.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not belonging to, or emanating from, a
particular profession; unprofessional; as, a <i>lay</i> opinion
regarding the nature of a disease.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lay baptism</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>baptism
administered by a lay person.</cd> <i>F. G. Lee.</i> -- <col><b>Lay
brother</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>one received into a convent
of monks under the three vows, but not in holy orders.</cd> --
<col><b>Lay clerk</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>a layman who leads
the responses of the congregation, etc., in the church service.</cd>
<i>Hook.</i> -- <col><b>Lay days</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>time
allowed in a charter party for taking in and discharging cargo.</cd>
<i>McElrath.</i> -- <col><b>Lay elder</b></col>. <cd>See 2d
<u>Elder</u>, 3, note.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The laity; the common
people.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The learned have no more privilege than the
<i>lay</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A meadow. See
<u>Lea</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>lei</i> faith, law, F.
<i>loi</i> law. See <u>Legal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Faith;
creed; religious profession.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of the sect to which that he was born<BR>
He kept his <i>lay</i>, to which that he was sworn.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A law.</def> [Obs.] "Many goodly
<i>lays</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An obligation; a vow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They bound themselves by a sacred <i>lay</i> and
oath.</blockquote> <i> Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lay</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>lai</i>,
<i>lais</i>, prob. of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. <i>laoi</i>,
<i>laoidh</i>, song, poem, OIr. <i>laoidh</i> poem, verse; but cf.
also AS. <i>l&amacr;c</i> play, sport, G. <i>leich</i> a sort of poem
(cf. <u>Lake</u> to sport). &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A song; a
simple lyrical poem; a ballad.</def>  <i>Spenser. Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A melody; any musical utterance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The throstle cock made eke his
<i>lay</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lay</hw> (l&amacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Laid</u> (l&amacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Laying</u>.] [OE. <i>leggen</i>, AS. <i>lecgan</i>,
causative, fr. <i>licgan</i> to lie; akin to D. <i>leggen</i>, G.
<i>legen</i>, Icel. <i>leggja</i>, Goth. <i>lagjan</i>. See
<u>Lie</u> to be prostrate.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to lie
down, to be prostrate, or to lie against something; to put or set
down; to deposit; as, to <i>lay</i> a book on the table; to
<i>lay</i> a body in the grave; a shower <i>lays</i> the
dust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A stone was brought, and <i>laid</i> upon the mouth of
the den.</blockquote> <i>Dan. vi. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Soft on the flowery herb I found me
<i>laid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place in position; to establish firmly;
to arrange with regularity; to dispose in ranks or tiers; as, to
<i>lay</i> a corner stone; to <i>lay</i> bricks in a wall; to
<i>lay</i> the covers on a table.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To prepare; to make ready; to contrive; to
provide; as, to <i>lay</i> a snare, an ambush, or a plan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To spread on a surface; as, to <i>lay</i>
plaster or paint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be still; to calm; to allay;
to suppress; to exorcise, as an evil spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After a tempest when the winds are
<i>laid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cause to lie dead or dying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brave C&aelig;neus <i>laid</i> Ortygius on the
plain,<BR>
The victor C&aelig;neus was by Turnus slain.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To deposit, as a wager; to stake; to
risk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I dare <i>lay</i> mine honor<BR>
He will remain so.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth and deposit; as, to
<i>lay</i> eggs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To apply; to put.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>layeth</i> her hands to the
spindle.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxxi. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To impose, as a burden, suffering, or
punishment; to assess, as a tax; as, to <i>lay</i> a tax on
land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord hath <i>laid</i> on him the iniquity of us
all.</blockquote> <i>Is. liii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To impute; to charge; to
allege.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>layeth</i> not folly to them.</blockquote>
<i>Job xxiv. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Lay</i> the fault on us.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To impose, as a command or a duty; as, to
<i>lay</i> commands on one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To present or offer; as, to <i>lay</i> an
indictment in a particular county; to <i>lay</i> a scheme before
one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To state; to allege; as, to
<i>lay</i> the venue.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To point; to aim; as, to
<i>lay</i> a gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Rope Making)</i> <def>To put the strands
of (a rope, a cable, etc.) in their proper places and twist or unite
them; as, to <i>lay</i> a cable or rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
place and arrange (pages) for a form upon the imposing stone.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To place (new type) properly in the
cases.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To lay asleep</b></col>, <cd>to put sleep; to make
unobservant or careless.</cd> <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>To lay
bare</b></col>, <cd>to make bare; to strip.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>laid</i> those proud roofs <i>bare</i> to
summer's rain.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To lay before</b></col>, <cd>to present to; to submit
for consideration; as, the papers are <i>laid before</i>
Congress.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay by</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To save.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To discard</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Let brave spirits . . . not be <i>laid
by</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To lay by the heels</b></col>, <cd>to put in the
stocks.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To lay down</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To stake as a wager.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To yield; to relinquish; to surrender; as, to <i>lay down</i>
one's life; to <i>lay down</i> one's arms</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To assert or advance, as a proposition or principle.</cd> --
<col><b>To lay forth</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To extend at
length; (reflexively) to exert one's self; to expatiate.</cd> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To lay out (as a corpse).</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To lay hands on</b></col>, <cd>to seize.</cd>
-- <col><b>To lay hands on one's self</b></col>, or <col><b>To lay
violent hands on one's self</b></col>, <cd>to injure one's self;
specif., to commit suicide.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay heads
together</b></col>, <cd>to consult.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay hold
of</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>To lay hold on</b></col>, <cd>to
seize; to catch.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay in</b></col>, <cd>to store;
to provide.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay it on</b></col>, <cd>to apply
without stint.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To lay on</b></col>,
<cd>to apply with force; to inflict; as, <i>to lay on</i> blows.</cd>
-- <col><b>To lay on load</b></col>, <cd>to lay on blows; to strike
violently.</cd> [Obs. or Archaic] -- <col><b>To lay one's self
out</b></col>, <cd>to strive earnestly.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>No selfish man will be concerned <i>to lay out
himself</i> for the good of his country.</blockquote>
<i>Smalridge.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To lay one's self open to</b></col>, <cd>to expose
one's self to, as to an accusation.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay
open</b></col>, <cd>to open; to uncover; to expose; to reveal.</cd> -
- <col><b>To lay over</b></col>, <cd>to spread over; to cover.</cd> -
- <col><b>To lay out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
expend.</cd> <i>Macaulay.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To display; to
discover</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To plan in detail; to arrange;
as, <i>to lay out</i> a garden</cd>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To
prepare for burial; as, <i>to lay out</i> a corpse</cd>.
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To exert; as, <i>to lay out</i> all one's
strength.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay siege to</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To besiege; to encompass with an army.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To beset pertinaciously.</cd> -- <col><b>To
lay the course</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to sail toward the port
intended without jibing.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay the land</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to cause it to disappear below the horizon, by
sailing away from it.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay to</b></col>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To charge upon; to impute.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To apply with vigor</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To attack or harass</cd>. [Obs.] <i>Knolles.</i>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To check the motion of (a
vessel) and cause it to be stationary.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay to
heart</b></col>, <cd>to feel deeply; to consider earnestly.</cd> --
<col><b>To lay under</b></col>, <cd>to subject to; as, <i>to lay
under</i> obligation or restraint.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay
unto</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Same as <i>To lay to</i>
(above).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To put before</cd>. <i>Hos. xi.
4.</i> -- <col><b>To lay up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
store; to reposit for future use.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
confine; to disable</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To dismantle, and
retire from active service, as a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay wait
for</b></col>, <cd>to lie in ambush for.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay
waste</b></col>, <cd>to destroy; to make desolate; as, <i>to lay
waste</i> the land.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Put</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and the
Note under 4th <u>Lie</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lay</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
produce and deposit eggs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To take a position; to come
or go; as, to <i>lay</i> forward; to <i>lay</i> aloft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lay a wager; to bet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To lay about</b></col>, or <col><b>To lay about
one</b></col>, <cd>to strike vigorously in all directions.</cd> <i>J.
H. Newman.</i> -- <col><b>To lay at</b></col>, <cd>to strike or
strike at.</cd> <i>Spenser.</i> -- <col><b>To lay for</b></col>,
<cd>to prepare to capture or assault; to lay wait for.</cd> [Colloq.]
<i>Bp Hall.</i> -- <col><b>To lay in for</b></col>, <cd>to make
overtures for; to engage or secure the possession of.</cd> [Obs.] "I
have <i>laid in for</i> these." <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>To lay
on</b></col>, <cd>to strike; to beat; to attack.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>To lay out</b></col>, <cd>to purpose; to plan; as, he <i>lays
out</i> to make a journey.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which lies or is laid or is conceived of as having been
laid or placed in its position; a row; a stratum; a layer; as, a
<i>lay</i> of stone or wood.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A viol should have a <i>lay</i> of wire strings
below.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>lay</i> of a rope is right-handed or left-handed
according to the hemp or strands are laid up. See <u>Lay</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 16. The <i>lay</i> of land is its
topographical situation, esp. its slope and its surface features.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wager.</def> "My fortunes against any
<i>lay</i> worth naming."</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A job, price, or
profit.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Wright.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def> A
share of the proceeds or profits of an enterprise; as, when a man
ships for a whaling voyage, he agrees for a certain <i>lay</i>.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Textile Manuf.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A measure of yarn; a lea. See 1st <u>Lea</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The lathe of a
loom. See <u>Lathe</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A plan; a scheme.</def> [Slang]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lay figure</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A jointed
model of the human body that may be put in any attitude; -- used for
showing the disposition of drapery, etc.</cd>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A mere puppet; one who serves the will of others without
independent volition.</cd> -- <col><b>Lay race</b></col>, <cd>that
part of a lay on which the shuttle travels in weaving; -- called also
<i>shuttle race</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lay"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lay</u> to cause
to lie flat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which,
lays.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Prob. a corruption of <i>lair</i>.] <def>That
which is laid; a stratum; a bed; one thickness, course, or fold laid
over another; as, a <i>layer</i> of clay or of sand in the earth; a
<i>layer</i> of bricks, or of plaster; the <i>layers</i> of an
onion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shoot or twig of a plant, not detached
from the stock, laid under ground for growth or
propagation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An artificial oyster bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lay"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A propagating by
layers.</def>  <i>Gardner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lay"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of one who, or that which,
lays.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or period of laying eggs; the eggs
laid for one incubation; a clutch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The first coat on laths of plasterer's
two-coat work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lay"land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lay</i> a meadow
+ <i>land</i>.] <def>Land lying untilled; fallow ground.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lay"man</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Laymen</b></plw> (&?;). [<i>Lay</i>, <pos><i>adj.</i></pos> +
<i>man</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the people, in
distinction from the clergy; one of the laity; sometimes, a man not
belonging to some particular profession, in distinction from those
who do.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being a <i>layman</i>, I ought not to have concerned
myself with speculations which belong to the profession.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lay figure. See under <u>Lay</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> (above).</def>  <i>Dryden</i></p>

<p><hw>Lay"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lanier</u>.]
<def>A whiplash.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lay"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of
being a layman.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lay"stall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A place where rubbish, dung, etc., are laid or
deposited.</def>[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Smithfield was a <i>laystall</i> of all ordure and
filth.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place where milch cows are kept, or
cattle on the way to market are lodged.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>La"zar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>lazare</i>, fr.
<i>Lazarus</i> the beggar. <i>Luke xvi</i>. <i>20</i>.] <def>A person
infected with a filthy or pestilential disease; a leper.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like loathsome <i>lazars</i>, by the hedges
lay.</blockquote> <i> Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lazar house</b></col> <cd>a lazaretto; also, a hospital
for quarantine.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Laz`a*ret"</hw> (?), <hw>Laz`a*ret"to</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lazaret</i>, or It. <i>lazzeretto</i>,
fr. <i>Lazarus</i>. See <u>Lazar</u>.] <def>A public building,
hospital, or pesthouse for the reception of diseased persons,
particularly those affected with contagious diseases.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Laz"a*rist</hw> (?), <hw>Laz"a*rite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One of the Congregation
of the Priests of the Mission, a religious institute founded by
Vincent de Paul in 1624, and popularly called Lazarists or Lazarites
from the College of St. Lazare in Paris, which was occupied by them
until 1792.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>La"zar*like`</hw> (?), <hw>La"zar*ly</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of sores; leprous.</def>  <i>Shak.</i>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laz`a*ro"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lazzaroni</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"zar*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Laserwort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Laze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lazed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lazing</u>.] [See <u>Lazy</u>.] <def>To be lazy or idle.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i> Middleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To waste in sloth; to
spend, as time, in idleness; as, to <i>laze</i> away whole
days.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>La"zi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lazy
manner.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>La"zi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being lazy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Laziness</i> travels so slowly, that Poverty soon
overtakes him.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laz"u*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. &amp; NL. <i>lapis
lazuli</i>, LL. <i>lazulus</i>, <i>lazurius</i>, <i>lazur</i> from
the same Oriental source as E. <i>azure</i>. See <u>Azure</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a fine azure-blue color, usually in
small rounded masses. It is essentially a silicate of alumina, lime,
and soda, with some sodium sulphide, is often marked by yellow spots
or veins of sulphide of iron, and is much valued for ornamental work.
Called also <i>lapis lazuli</i>, and <i>Armenian stone</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Laz"u*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>lazuli</i>
: cf. F. <i>lazulite</i>, G. <i>lazulith</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral of a light indigo-blue color, occurring in small masses, or
in monoclinic crystals; blue spar. It is a hydrous phosphate of
alumina and magnesia.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"zy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Lazier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Laziest</u>.] [OE. <i>lasie</i>,
<i>laesic</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. F. <i>las</i> tired, L.
<i>lassus</i>, akin to E. <i>late</i>; or cf. LG. <i>losig</i>,
<i>lesig</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disinclined to action or
exertion; averse to labor; idle; shirking work.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inactive; slothful; slow; sluggish; as, a
<i>lazy</i> stream.</def> "The night owl's <i>lazy</i> flight."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wicked; vicious.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 837 !></p>

<p><col><b>Lazy tongs</b></col>, <cd>a system of jointed bars capable
of great extension, originally made for picking up something at a
distance, now variously applied in machinery.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Idle; indolent; sluggish; slothful. See
<u>Idle</u>.</p>

<p><hw>La"zy*back`</hw> (l&amacr;"z&ybreve;*b&abreve;k`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A support for the back, attached to the
seat of a carriage.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>La"zy*bones`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lazy
person.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Laz`za*ro"ni</hw> (l&abreve;z`z&adot;*r&omacr;"n&ibreve;; It.
l&auml;t`s&adot;*r&omacr;"n&esl;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [It.
<i>lazzarone</i>, pl. <i>lazzaroni</i>.] <def>The homeless idlers of
Naples who live by chance work or begging; -- so called from the
Hospital of St. Lazarus, which serves as their refuge.</def> [Written
also, but improperly, <i>lazaroni</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lea</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Lay</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> (that which is laid), 4.] <i>(Textile
Manuf.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A measure of yarn; for linen,
300 yards; for cotton, 120 yards; a lay.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A set of warp threads carried by a loop of the heddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lea</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ley</i>, <i>lay</i>,
As. <i>le&aacute;h</i>, <i>le&aacute;</i>; akin to Prov. G.
<i>lon</i> bog, morass, grove, and perh. to L. <i>lucus</i> grove, E.
<i>light</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A meadow or sward land; a
grassy field.</def> "Plow-torn <i>leas</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the
<i>lea</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
3d <u>Leech</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leach</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>letch</i>.]
[Cf. As. <i>le&aacute;h</i> lye, G. <i>lauge</i>. See <u>Lye</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quantity of wood ashes, through which water
passes, and thus imbibes the alkali.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tub or vat for leaching ashes, bark,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Leach tub</b></col>, <cd>a wooden tub in which ashes are
leached.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Leach</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Leached</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Leaching</u>.] [Written also <i>leech</i> and <i>letch</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remove the soluble constituents from by
subjecting to the action of percolating water or other liquid; as, to
<i>leach</i> ashes or coffee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dissolve out; -- often used with
<i>out</i>; as, to <i>leach</i> out alkali from ashes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leach</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To part with soluble
constituents by percolation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leach</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Leech</u>, a
physician.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Leach"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Permitting liquids
to pass by percolation; not capable of retaining water; porous;
pervious; -- said of gravelly or sandy soils, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lead</hw> (l&ebreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>led</i>,
<i>leed</i>, <i>lead</i>, AS. <i>le&aacute;d</i>; akin to D.
<i>lood</i>, MHG. <i>l&omacr;t</i>, G. <i>loth</i> plummet, sounding
lead, small weight, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>lod</i>. &radic;123.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the elements, a heavy,
pliable, inelastic metal, having a bright, bluish color, but easily
tarnished. It is both malleable and ductile, though with little
tenacity, and is used for tubes, sheets, bullets, etc. Its specific
gravity is 11.37. It is easily fusible, forms alloys with other
metals, and is an ingredient of solder and type metal. Atomic weight,
206.4. Symbol Pb (L. <i>Plumbum</i>). It is chiefly obtained from the
mineral galena, lead sulphide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An article made of lead or an alloy of
lead</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plummet or mass of lead,
used in sounding at sea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Print.)</i>
<def>A thin strip of type metal, used to separate lines of type in
printing.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Sheets or plates of lead
used as a covering for roofs; hence, <i>pl.</i>, a roof covered with
lead sheets or terne plates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would have the tower two stories, and goodly
<i>leads</i> upon the top.</blockquote> <i>Bacon</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small cylinder of black lead or
plumbago, used in pencils.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black lead</b></col>, <cd>graphite or plumbago; -- so
called from its leadlike appearance and streak.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>Coasting lead</b></col>, <cd>a sounding lead intermediate in
weight between a hand lead and deep-sea lead.</cd> -- <col><b>Deep-
sea lead</b></col>, <cd>the heaviest of sounding leads, used in water
exceeding a hundred fathoms in depth.</cd> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i> --
<col><b>Hand lead</b></col>, <cd>a small lead use for sounding in
shallow water.</cd> -- <col><b>Krems lead</b></col>, <col><b>Kremnitz
lead</b></col> [so called from <i>Krems</i> or <i>Kremnitz</i>, in
Austria], <cd>a pure variety of white lead, formed into tablets, and
called also <i>Krems, or Kremnitz, white</i>, and <i>Vienna
white</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lead arming</b></col>, <cd>tallow put in
the hollow of a sounding lead. See <i>To arm the lead</i>
(below).</cd> -- <col><b>Lead colic</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Colic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lead color</b></col>, <cd>a deep bluish
gray color, like tarnished lead.</cd> -- <col><b>Lead
glance</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Galena</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Lead line</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>A
dark line along the gums produced by a deposit of metallic lead, due
to lead poisoning</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>A
sounding line.</cd> -- <col><b>Lead mill</b></col>, <cd>a leaden
polishing wheel, used by lapidaries.</cd> -- <col><b>Lead
ocher</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a massive sulphur-yellow oxide of
lead. Same as <u>Massicot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lead pencil</b></col>,
<cd>a pencil of which the marking material is graphite (black
lead).</cd> -- <col><b>Lead plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low
leguminous plant, genus <i>Amorpha</i> (<i>A. canescens</i>), found
in the Northwestern United States, where its presence is supposed to
indicate lead ore.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Lead tree</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A West Indian name for the
tropical, leguminous tree, <i>Leuc&aelig;na glauca</i>; -- probably
so called from the glaucous color of the foliage.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>Lead crystallized in
arborescent forms from a solution of some lead salt, as by suspending
a strip of zinc in lead acetate.</cd> -- <col><b>Mock lead</b></col>,
<cd>a miner's term for blende.</cd> -- <col><b>Red lead</b></col>,
<cd>a scarlet, crystalline, granular powder, consisting of minium
when pure, but commonly containing several of the oxides of lead. It
is used as a paint or cement and also as an ingredient of flint
glass.</cd> -- <col><b>Red lead ore</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>crocoite.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar of lead</b></col>, <cd>acetate of
lead.</cd> -- <col><b>To arm the lead</b></col>, <cd>to fill the
hollow in the bottom of a sounding lead with tallow in order to
discover the nature of the bottom by the substances adhering.</cd>
<i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i> -- <col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>cast, or
heave</b></col>, <col><b>the lead</b></col>, <cd>to cast the sounding
lead for ascertaining the depth of water.</cd> -- <col><b>White
lead</b></col>, <cd>hydrated carbonate of lead, obtained as a white,
amorphous powder, and much used as an ingredient of white
paint.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lead</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Leaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Leading</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover, fill, or affect
with lead; as, continuous firing <i>leads</i> the grooves of a
rifle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To place leads between the
lines of; as, to <i>lead</i> a page; <i>leaded</i> matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lead</hw> (l&emacr;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Led</u> (l&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Leading</u>.] [OE. <i>leden</i>, AS.
<i>l&aemacr;dan</i> (akin to OS. <i>l&emacr;dian</i>, D.
<i>leiden</i>, G. <i>leiten</i>, Icel. <i>le&imacr;&eth;a</i>, Sw.
<i>leda</i>, Dan. <i>lede</i>), properly a causative fr. AS.
<i>li&eth;an</i> to go; akin to OHG. <i>l&imacr;dan</i>, Icel.
<i>l&imacr;&eth;a</i>, Goth. <i>lei&thorn;an</i> (in comp.).  Cf.
<u>Lode</u>, <u>Loath</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To guide or
conduct with the hand, or by means of some physical contact or
connection; as, a father <i>leads</i> a child; a jockey <i>leads</i>
a horse with a halter; a dog <i>leads</i> a blind man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a blind man <i>lead</i> a blind man, both fall down
in the ditch.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Matt. xv. 14.)</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They thrust him out of the city, and <i>led</i> him
unto the brow of the hill.</blockquote> <i>Luke iv. 29.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In thy right hand <i>lead</i> with thee<BR>
The mountain nymph, sweet Liberty.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To guide or conduct in a certain course,
or to a certain place or end, by making the way known; to show the
way, esp. by going with or going in advance of. Hence, figuratively:
To direct; to counsel; to instruct; as, to <i>lead</i> a traveler; to
<i>lead</i> a pupil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord went before them by day in a pillar of a
cloud, to <i>lead</i> them the way.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xiii.
21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>leadeth</i> me beside the still
waters.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxiii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This thought might <i>lead</i> me through the world's
vain mask.<BR>
Content, though blind, had I no better guide.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To conduct or direct with authority; to
have direction or charge of; as, to <i>lead</i> an army, an exploring
party, or a search; to <i>lead</i> a political party.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Christ took not upon him flesh and blood that he might
conquer and rule nations, <i>lead</i> armies, or possess
places.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To go or to be in advance of; to precede;
hence, to be foremost or chief among; as, the big sloop <i>led</i>
the fleet of yachts; the Guards <i>led</i> the attack; Demosthenes
<i>leads</i> the orators of all ages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As Hesperus, that <i>leads</i> the sun his
way.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>lo</i> ! Ben Adhem's name <i>led</i> all the
rest.</blockquote> <i>Leigh Hunt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To draw or direct by influence, whether
good or bad; to prevail on; to induce; to entice; to allure; as, to
<i>lead</i> one to espouse a righteous cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was driven by the necessities of the times, more
than <i>led</i> by his own disposition, to any rigor of
actions.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Silly women, laden with sins, <i>led</i> away by
divers lusts.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim. iii. 6 (Rev. Ver.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To guide or conduct one's self in,
through, or along (a certain course); hence, to proceed in the way
of; to follow the path or course of; to pass; to spend. Also, to
cause (one) to proceed or follow in (a certain course).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That we may <i>lead</i> a quiet and peaceable
life.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. ii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor thou with shadowed hint confuse<BR>
A life that <i>leads</i> melodious days.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You remember . . . the life he used to <i>lead</i> his
wife and daughter.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Cards &amp; Dominoes)</i> <def>To begin a game,
round, or trick, with; as, to <i>lead</i> trumps; the double five was
<i>led</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To lead astray</b></col>, <cd>to guide in a wrong way, or
into error; to seduce from truth or rectitude.</cd> -- <col><b>To
lead captive</b></col>, <cd>to carry or bring into captivity.</cd> --
<col><b>To lead the way</b></col>, <cd>to show the way by going in
front; to act as guide.</cd> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lead</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To guide or conduct, as by accompanying, going before, showing,
influencing, directing with authority, etc.; to have precedence or
pre&euml;minence; to be first or chief; -- used in most of the senses
of <i>lead</i>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tend or reach in a certain direction,
or to a certain place; as, the path <i>leads</i> to the mill;
gambling <i>leads</i> to other vices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mountain foot that <i>leads</i> towards
Mantua.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To lead</b></col> <col><b>off or out</b></col>, <cd>to go
first; to begin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lead</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of leading or conducting; guidance; direction; as, to take the
<i>lead</i>; to be under the <i>lead</i> of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the time I speak of, and having a momentary
<i>lead</i>, . . . <i>I am sure I did my country important
service</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Precedence; advance position; also, the
measure of precedence; as, the white horse had the <i>lead</i>; <i>a
lead</i> of a boat's length, or of half a second.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Cards &amp; Dominoes)</i> <def>The act or right
of playing first in a game or round; the card suit, or piece, so
played; as, your partner has the <i>lead</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An open way in an ice field.</def>
<i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A lode.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The course of a rope from
end to end.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>The width of port
opening which is uncovered by the valve, for the admission or release
of steam, at the instant when the piston is at end of its
stroke.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When used alone it means <i>outside lead</i>, or lead for
the admission of steam. <i>Inside lead</i> refers to the release or
exhaust.</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Engineering)</i> <def>the distance of
haul, as from a cutting to an embankment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Horology)</i> <def>The action of a tooth,
as a tooth of a wheel, in impelling another tooth or a pallet.</def>
<i>Saunier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lead angle</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>the angle
which the crank maker with the line of centers, in approaching it, at
the instant when the valve opens to admit steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Lead
screw</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>the main longitudinal screw of a
lathe, which gives the feed motion to the carriage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lead"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fitted with lead; set in lead; as, <i>leaded</i>
windows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Separated by leads, as the
lines of a page.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lead"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made of lead; of the nature of lead; as, a <i>leaden</i>
ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like lead in color, etc.; as, a
<i>leaden</i> sky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Heavy; dull; sluggish.</def>
"<i>Leaden</i> slumber."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lead"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, leads or conducts; a guide; a
conductor.</def> Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who goes
first.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One having authority to direct;
a chief; a commander.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
performer who leads a band or choir in music; also, in an orchestra,
the principal violinist; the one who plays at the head of the first
violins.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A block of
hard wood pierced with suitable holes for leading ropes in their
proper places.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The
principal wheel in any kind of machinery.</def> [Obs. or R.] <i>G.
Francis.</i> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A horse placed in advance of
others; one of the forward pair of horses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He forgot to pull in his <i>leaders</i>, and they
gallop away with him at times.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>A pipe for conducting rain water from a
roof to a cistern or to the ground; a conductor.</def>
<sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <i>(Fishing)</i> <def>A net for leading fish into
a pound, weir, etc.; also, a line of gut, to which the snell of a fly
hook is attached.</def> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
branch or small vein, not important in itself, but indicating the
proximity of a better one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The first, or the principal, editorial
article in a newspaper; a leading or main editorial
article.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A type
having a dot or short row of dots upon its face.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>a row of dots, periods, or
hyphens, used in tables of contents, etc., to lead the eye across a
space to the right word or number.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- chief; chieftain; commander. See <u>Chief</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lead"er*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
a leader.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lead"hill*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral of a yellowish or greenish white color, consisting of
the sulphate and carbonate of lead; -- so called from having been
first found at <i>Leadhills</i>, Scotland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lead"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Guiding;
directing; controlling; foremost; as, a <i>leading</i> motive; a
<i>leading</i> man; a <i>leading</i> example.</def> --
<wf>Lead"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Leading case</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a reported
decision which has come to be regarded as settling the law of the
question involved.</cd> <i>Abbott.</i> -- <col><b>Leading
motive</b></col> [a translation of G. <i>leitmotif</i>]
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a guiding theme; in the modern music drama of
Wagner, a marked melodic phrase or short passage which always
accompanies the reappearance of a certain person, situation, abstract
idea, or allusion in the course of the play; a sort of musical
label.</cd> -- <col><b>Leading note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the
seventh note or tone in the ascending major scale; the sensible
note.</cd> -- <col><b>Leading question</b></col>, <cd>a question so
framed as to guide the person questioned in making his reply.</cd> --
<col><b>Leading strings</b></col>, <cd>strings by which children are
supported when beginning to walk.</cd> -- <col><b>To be in leading
strings</b></col>, <cd>to be in a state of infancy or dependence, or
under the guidance of others.</cd> -- <col><b>Leading
wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel situated before the driving wheels of a
locomotive engine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lead"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of guiding, directing, governing, or enticing;
guidance.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suggestion; hint; example.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lead"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Leadmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who leads a
dance.</def>[Obs.]  <i> B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leads"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Leadsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The man who
heaves the lead.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lead"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of maritime herbs (<i>Plumbago</i>). <i>P. Europ&aelig;a</i>
has lead-colored spots on the leaves, and nearly lead-colored
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lead"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
lead.</def>  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leaf</hw> (l&emacr;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Leaves</b></plw> (l&emacr;vz). [OE. <i>leef</i>, <i>lef</i>,
<i>leaf</i>, AS. <i>le&aacute;f</i>; akin to S. <i>l&omacr;f</i>,
OFries. <i>laf</i>, D. <i>loof</i> foliage, G. <i>laub</i>, OHG.
<i>loub</i> leaf, foliage, Icel. <i>lauf</i>, Sw. <i>l&ouml;f</i>,
Dan. <i>l&ouml;v</i>, Goth. <i>laufs</i>; cf. Lith. <i>lapas</i>.
Cf. <u>Lodge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A colored,
usually green, expansion growing from the side of a stem or
rootstock, in which the sap for the use of the plant is elaborated
under the influence of light; one of the parts of a plant which
collectively constitute its foliage.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Such leaves usually consist of a blade, or <i>lamina</i> ,
supported upon a leafstalk or <i>petiole</i>, which, continued
through the blade as the <i>midrib</i>, gives off woody <i>ribs</i>
and <i>veins</i> that support the cellular texture. The petiole has
usually some sort of an appendage on each side of its base, which is
called the <i>stipule</i>. The green parenchyma of the leaf is
covered with a thin epiderm pierced with closable microscopic
openings, known as <i>stomata</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A special organ of
vegetation in the form of a lateral outgrowth from the stem, whether
appearing as a part of the foliage, or as a cotyledon, a scale, a
bract, a spine, or a tendril.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this view every part of a plant, except the root and the
stem, is either a leaf, or is composed of leaves more or less
modified and transformed.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something which is like a leaf in being
wide and thin and having a flat surface, or in being attached to a
larger body by one edge or end; as : <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A part of a
book or folded sheet containing two pages upon its opposite sides.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A side, division, or part, that slides or is
hinged, as of window shutters, folding doors, etc.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> The movable side of a table. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
A very thin plate; as, gold <i>leaf</i>. <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> A
portion of fat lying in a separate fold or layer. <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
One of the teeth of a pinion, especially when small.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Leaf beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any beetle
which feeds upon leaves; esp., any species of the family
<i>Chrysomelid&aelig;</i>, as the potato beetle and helmet
beetle.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf bridge</b></col>, <cd>a draw-bridge
having a platform or leaf which swings vertically on hinges.</cd> --
<col><b>Leaf bud</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a bud which develops
into leaves or a leafy branch.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf
butterfly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any butterfly which, in
the form and colors of its wings, resembles the leaves of plants upon
which it rests; esp., butterflies of the genus <i>Kallima</i>, found
in Southern Asia and the East Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf
crumpler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small moth (<i>Phycis
indigenella</i>), the larva of which feeds upon leaves of the apple
tree, and forms its nest by crumpling and fastening leaves together
in clusters.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf cutter</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>, any one of various species of wild bees of
the genus <i>Megachile</i>, which cut rounded pieces from the edges
of leaves, or the petals of flowers, to be used in the construction
of their nests, which are made in holes and crevices, or in a leaf
rolled up for the purpose. Among the common American species are
<i>M. brevis</i> and <i>M. centuncularis</i>. Called also <i>rose-
cutting bee</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf fat</b></col>, <cd>the fat
which lies in leaves or layers within the body of an animal.</cd> --
<col><b>Leaf flea</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a jumping plant
louse of the family <i>Psyllid&aelig;</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf
frog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any tree frog of the genus
<i>Phyllomedusa</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf
green</b></col>.<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Chlorophyll</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Leaf hopper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any small
jumping hemipterous insect of the genus <i>Tettigonia</i>, and allied
genera. They live upon the leaves and twigs of plants. See <u>Live
hopper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf insect</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several genera and species of
orthopterous insects, esp. of the genus <i>Phyllium</i>, in which the
wings, and sometimes the legs, resemble leaves in color and form.
They are common in Southern Asia and the East Indies.</cd> --
<col><b>Leaf lard</b></col>, <cd>lard from leaf fat. See under
<u>Lard</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf louse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an aphid.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf
metal</b></col>, <cd>metal in thin leaves, as gold, silver, or
tin.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf miner</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of various small lepidopterous and dipterous insects,
which, in the larval stages, burrow in and eat the parenchyma of
leaves; as, the pear-tree <i>leaf miner</i> (<i>Lithocolletis
geminatella</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf notcher</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a pale bluish green beetle (<i>Artipus
Floridanus</i>), which, in Florida, eats the edges of the leaves of
orange trees.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf roller</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of any tortricid moth which makes
a nest by rolling up the leaves of plants. See <u>Tortrix</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Leaf scar</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the cicatrix on a
stem whence a leaf has fallen.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf sewer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tortricid moth, whose caterpillar makes a
nest by rolling up a leaf and fastening the edges together with silk,
as if sewn; esp., <i>Phoxopteris nubeculana</i>, which feeds upon the
apple tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf sight</b></col>, <cd>a hinged sight
on a firearm, which can be raised or folded down.</cd> --
<col><b>Leaf trace</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>one or more
fibrovascular bundles, which may be traced down an endogenous stem
from the base of a leaf.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf tier</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tortricid moth whose larva makes a nest by
fastening the edges of a leaf together with silk; esp., <i>Teras
cinderella</i>, found on the apple tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaf
valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve which moves on a hinge.</cd> --
<col><b>Leaf wasp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a sawfly.</cd> -
- <col><b>To turn over a new leaf</b></col>, <cd>to make a radical
change for the better in one's way of living or doing.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote> They were both determined <i>to turn over a new
leaf</i>.</blockquote> <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 838 !></p>

<p><hw>Leaf</hw> (l&emacr;f), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Leafed</u> (l&emacr;ft); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Leafing</u>.] <def>To shoot out leaves; to produce
leaves; to leave; as, the trees <i>leaf</i> in May.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leaf"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Leaves,
collectively; foliage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leaf"cup`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
coarse American composite weed (<i>Polymnia Uvedalia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Leafed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having (such) a
leaf or (so many) leaves; -- used in composition; as, broad<i>-
leafed</i>; four<i>-leafed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leaf"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
leaflet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leaf"-foot`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having leaflike expansions on the legs; --
said of certain insects; as, the <i>leaf-footed</i> bug
(<i>Leptoglossus phyllopus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Leaf"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being leafy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leaf"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no leaves or
foliage; bearing no foliage.</def> "<i>Leafless</i> groves."
<i>Cowper.</i> -- <wf>Leaf"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Leafless plants</b></col>, <cd>plants having no foliage,
though leaves may be present in the form of scales and bracts. See
<u>Leaf</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1 and 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Leaf"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A little leaf; also, a little printed leaf or a tract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the divisions of a
compound leaf; a foliole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A leaflike organ or
part; as, a <i>leaflet</i> of the gills of fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leaf"-nosed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a leaflike membrane on the nose; --
said of certain bats, esp. of the genera <i>Phyllostoma</i> and
<i>Rhinonycteris</i>. See <u>Vampire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leaf"stalk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The stalk or petiole which supports a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leaf"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Leafier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl</i></pos>. <u>Leafiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of leaves; abounding in leaves; as, the <i>leafy</i>
forest.</def> "The <i>leafy</i> month of June."
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of leaves.</def> "A
<i>leafy</i> bed."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>League</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>legue</i>,
<i>lieue</i>, a measure of length, F. <i>lieue</i>, Pr. <i>lega</i>,
<i>legua</i>, It. &amp; LL. <i>lega</i>, Sp. <i>legua</i>, Pg.
<i>legoa</i>, <i>legua</i>; all fr. LL. <i>leuca</i>, of Celtic
origin: cf. Arm. <i>leo</i>, <i>lev</i> (perh. from French), Ir.
<i>leige</i> (perh. from English); also Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>leac</i> a
flag, a broad, flat stone, W. <i>llech</i>, -- such stones having
perh. served as a sort of milestone (cf. <u>Cromlech</u>).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A measure of length or distance, varying in
different countries from about 2.4 to 4.6 English statute miles of
5,280 feet each, and used (as a land measure) chiefly on the
continent of Europe, and in the Spanish parts of America. The
<i>marine league</i> of England and the United States is equal to
three marine, or geographical, miles of 6080 feet each.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The English land league is equal to three English statute
miles. The Spanish and French leagues vary in each country according
to usage and the kind of measurement to which they are applied. The
Dutch and German leagues contain about four geographical miles, or
about 4.6 English statute miles.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stone erected near a public road to mark
the distance of a league.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>League</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ligue</i>, LL.
<i>liga</i>, fr. L. <i>ligare</i> to bind; cf. Sp. <i>liga</i>.  Cf.
<u>Ally</u> a confederate, <u>Ligature</u>.] <def>An alliance or
combination of two or more nations, parties, or persons, for the
accomplishment of a purpose which requires a continued course of
action, as for mutual defense, or for furtherance of commercial,
religious, or political interests, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And let there be<BR>
'Twixt us and them no <i>league</i>, nor amity.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>league</i> may be <i>offensive</i> or
<i>defensive</i>, or both; <i>offensive</i>, when the parties agree
to unite in attacking a common enemy; <i>defensive</i>, when they
agree to a mutual defense of each other against an enemy.</p>

<p><col><b>The Holy League</b></col>, <cd>an alliance of Roman
Catholics formed in 1576 by influence of the Duke of Guise for the
exclusion of Protestants from the throne of France.</cd> --
<col><b>Solemn League and Covenant</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Covenant</u>,2.</cd> -- <col><b>The land league</b></col>, <cd>an
association, organized in Dublin in 1879, to promote the interests of
the Irish tenantry, its avowed objects being to secure fixity of
tenure, fair rent, and free sale of the tenants' interest.  It was
declared illegal by Parliament, but vigorous prosecutions have failed
to suppress it.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Alliance; confederacy; confederation; coalition;
combination; compact; co&ouml;peration.</p>

<p><hw>League</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Leagued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Leaguing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>se liguer</i>. See 2d
<u>League</u>.] <def>To unite in a league or confederacy; to combine
for mutual support; to confederate.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>League</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To join in a league;
to cause to combine for a joint purpose; to combine; to unite; as,
common interests will <i>league</i> heterogeneous elements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lea"guer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>leger</i> camp,
bed, couch, lair. See <u>Lair</u>, and cf.<u>Beleaguer</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The camp of a besieging army; a camp in
general.</def>  <i>b. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A siege or beleaguering.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lea"guer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To besiege; to
beleaguer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lea"guer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
besieger.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D. <i>lek</i>
leaky, a leak, G. <i>leck</i>, Icel. <i>lekr</i> leaky, Dan.
<i>l&aelig;k</i> leaky, a leak, Sw. <i>l&auml;ck</i>; cf. AS.
<i>hlec</i> full of cracks or leaky.  Cf. <u>Leak</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crack, crevice,
fissure, or hole which admits water or other fluid, or lets it
escape; as, a <i>leak</i> in a roof; a <i>leak</i> in a boat; a
<i>leak</i> in a gas pipe.</def> "One <i>leak</i> will sink a ship."
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The entrance or escape of a fluid through
a crack, fissure, or other aperture; as, the <i>leak</i> gained on
the ship's pumps.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To spring a leak</b></col>, <cd>to open or crack so as to
let in water; to begin to let in water; as, the ship <i>sprung a
leak</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Leak</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Leaky.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leak</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Leaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Leaking</u>.] [Akin to D. <i>lekken</i>, G. <i>lecken</i>,
<i>lechen</i>, Icel. <i>leka</i>, Dan. <i>l&aelig;kke</i>, Sw.
<i>l&auml;cka</i>, AS. <i>leccan</i> to wet, moisten. See
<u>Leak</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let
water or other fluid in or out through a hole, crevice, etc.; as, the
cask <i>leaks</i>; the roof <i>leaks</i>; the boat
<i>leaks</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter or escape, as a fluid, through a
hole, crevice, etc.; to pass gradually into, or out of, something; --
usually with <i>in</i> or <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To leak out</b></col>, <cd>to be divulged gradually or
clandestinely; to become public; as, the facts <i>leaked
out</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Leak"age</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>lekkage</i>, for sense 1.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leaking;
also, the quantity that enters or issues by leaking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>An allowance of a certain
rate per cent for the leaking of casks, or waste of liquors by
leaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leak"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being leaky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Leakier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Leakiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Permitting water or other fluid to leak in or out; as, a
<i>leaky</i> roof or cask.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apt to disclose secrets; tattling; not
close.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Leal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>leial</i>, another
form of <i>loial</i>, F. <i>loyal</i>. See <u>Loyal</u>.]
<def>Faithful; loyal; true.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All men true and <i>leal</i>, all women
pure.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Land of the leal</b></col>, <cd>the place of the faithful;
heaven.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Leam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Leme</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Leamer</u>,
<u>Lien</u>.] <def>A cord or strap for leading a dog.</def>  <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leam"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>limier</i>, OF.
<i>liemier</i>, fr. L. <i>ligamen</i> band, bandage. See
<u>Lien</u>.] <def>A dog held by a leam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lean</hw> (l&emacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>leyna</i>; akin to G. <i>l&auml;ugnen</i> to deny, AS.
<i>l&ymacr;gnian</i>, also E. <i>lie</i> to speak falsely.] <def>To
conceal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lean</hw> (l&emacr;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Leaned</u> (l&emacr;nd), sometimes <u>Leant</u>
(l&ebreve;nt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Leaning</u>.]
[OE. <i>lenen</i>, AS. <i>hlinian</i>, <i>hleonian</i>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>; akin to OS. <i>hlin&omacr;n</i>, D. <i>leunen</i>, OHG.
<i>hlin&emacr;n</i>, <i>lin&emacr;n</i>, G. <i>lehnen</i>, L.
<i>inclinare</i>, Gr. <grk>kli`nein</grk> , L. <i>clivus</i> hill,
slope. &radic;40.  Cf. <u>Declivity</u>, <u>Climax</u>,
<u>Incline</u>, <u>Ladder</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To incline,
deviate, or bend, from a vertical position; to be in a position thus
inclining or deviating; as, she <i>leaned</i> out at the window; a
<i>leaning</i> column.</def> "He <i>leant</i> forward."
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To incline in opinion or desire; to
conform in conduct; -- with <i>to</i>, <i>toward</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They delight rather to <i>lean</i> to their old
customs.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rest or rely, for support, comfort, and
the like; -- with <i>on</i>, <i>upon</i>, or
<i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>leaned</i> not on his fathers but
himself.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lean</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Lean</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>; AS. <i>hl&aemacr;nan</i>, v. t., fr.
<i>hleonian</i>, <i>hlinian</i>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To
cause to lean; to incline; to support or rest.</def>  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His fainting limbs against an oak he
<i>leant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lean</hw> (l&emacr;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Leaner</u> (l&emacr;n"&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Leanest</u>.] [OE. <i>lene</i>, AS.
<i>hl&aemacr;ne</i>; prob. akin to E. <i>lean</i> to incline. See
<u>Lean</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wanting flesh; destitute of or deficient in fat; not plump;
meager; thin; lank; as, a <i>lean</i> body; a <i>lean</i>
cattle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting fullness, richness, sufficiency,
or productiveness; deficient in quality or contents; slender; scant;
barren; bare; mean; -- used literally and figuratively; as, the
<i>lean</i> harvest; a <i>lean</i> purse; a <i>lean</i> discourse;
<i>lean</i> wages.</def> "No <i>lean</i> wardrobe."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>lean</i> and flashy songs.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What the land is, whether it be fat or
<i>lean</i>.</blockquote> <i>Num. xiii. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Out of my <i>lean</i> and low ability<BR>
I'll lend you something.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Typog.)</i> <def>Of a character which
prevents the compositor from earning the usual wages; -- opposed to
<i>fat</i>; as, <i>lean</i> copy, matter, or type.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- slender; spare; thin; meager; lank; skinny;
gaunt.</p>

<p><hw>Lean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That part of flesh which consists principally of muscle without
the fat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fat was so white and the <i>lean</i> was so
ruddy.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Typog.)</i> <def>Unremunerative copy or
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lean"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a thin face.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Typog.)</i> <def>slender or narrow; -- said
of type the letters of which have thin lines, or are unusually narrow
in proportion to their height.</def>  <i>W. Savage.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lean"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act, or state, of
inclining; inclination; tendency; as, a <i>leaning</i> towards
Calvinism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lean"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Meagerly; without
fat or plumpness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lean"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hl&aemacr;nnes</i>.] <def>The condition or quality of being
lean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lean"-to`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Having only one slope or pitch; -- said of a roof.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shed or slight building placed against
the wall of a larger structure and having a single-pitched roof; --
called also <i>penthouse</i>, and <i>to-fall</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The outer circuit was covered as a <i>lean-to</i>, all
round this inner apartment.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lean"-wit`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having but
little sense or shrewdness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lean"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lean.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>le&aacute;p</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A basket.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weel or wicker trap for fish.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Leap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Leaped</u> (?), rarely <u>Leapt</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Leaping</u>.] [OE. <i>lepen</i>, <i>leapen</i>,
AS. <i>hle&aacute;pan</i> to leap, jump, run; akin to OS.
<i>&amacr;hl&?;pan</i>, OFries. <i>hlapa</i>, D. <i>loopen</i>, G.
<i>laufen</i>, OHG. <i>louffan</i>, <i>hlauffan</i>, Icel.
<i>hlaupa</i>, Sw. <i>l&ouml;pa</i>, Dan. <i>l&ouml;be</i>, Goth.
<i>ushlaupan</i>.  Cf. <u>Elope</u>, <u>Lope</u>, <u>Lapwing</u>,
<u>Loaf</u> to loiter.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To spring clear of
the ground, with the feet; to jump; to vault; as, a man <i>leaps</i>
over a fence, or <i>leaps</i> upon a horse.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> <i>Leap</i> in with me into this angry
flood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spring or move suddenly, as by a jump
or by jumps; to bound; to move swiftly. Also Fig.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My heart <i>leaps</i> up when I behold<BR>
A rainbow in the sky.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass over by a leap or jump; as, to <i>leap</i> a wall, or a
ditch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To copulate with (a female beast); to
cover.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to leap; as, to <i>leap</i> a
horse across a ditch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of leaping, or the space passed by leaping; a jump; a spring; a
bound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wickedness comes on by degrees, . . . and sudden
<i>leaps</i> from one extreme to another are unnatural.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Changes of tone may proceed either by <i>leaps</i> or
glides.</blockquote> <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Copulation with, or coverture of, a female
beast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A fault.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A passing from one note to
another by an interval, especially by a long one, or by one including
several other and intermediate intervals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leap"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hle&aacute;pere</i>.] <def>One who, or that which,
leaps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leap"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Leap</u>.]
<def>A kind of hooked instrument for untwisting old
cordage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leap"frog`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A play among
boys, in which one stoops down and another leaps over him by placing
his hands on the shoulders of the former.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leap"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Leap</u>.]
<def>A basketful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Leap"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>from
<u>Leap</u>, to jump.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Leaping house</b></col>, <cd>a brothel.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Leaping pole</b></col>, <cd>a pole used in
some games of leaping.</cd> -- <col><b>Leaping spider</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a jumping spider; one of the
Saltigrad&aelig;.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Leap"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
leaps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leap" year`</hw> (?). <def>Bissextile; a year containing 366
days; every fourth year which <i>leaps</i> over a day more than a
common year, giving to February twenty-nine days. See
<u>Bissextile</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Every year whose number is divisible by four without a
remainder is a leap year, excepting the full centuries, which, to be
leap years, must be divisible by 400 without a remainder. If not so
divisible they are common years. 1900, therefore, is not a leap
year.</p>

<p><hw>Lear</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To learn. See
<u>Lere</u>, to learn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lore; lesson.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lear</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Leer</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An annealing oven. See
<u>Leer</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Learn</hw> (l&etilde;rn), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Learned</u> (l&etilde;rnd), or
<u>Learnt</u> (l&etilde;rnt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Learning</u>.] [OE. <i>lernen</i>, <i>leornen</i>, AS.
<i>leornian</i>; akin to OS. <i>lin&omacr;n</i>, for
<i>lirn&omacr;n</i>, OHG. <i>lirn&emacr;n</i>, <i>lern&emacr;n</i>,
G. <i>lernen</i>, fr. the root of AS. <i>l&?;ran</i> to teach, OS.
<i>l&emacr;rian</i>, OHG. <i>l&emacr;ran</i>, G. <i>lehren</i>, Goth.
<i>laisjan</i>, also Goth <i>lais</i> I know, <i>leis</i> acquainted
(in comp.); all prob. from a root meaning, to go, go over, and hence,
to learn; cf. AS. <i>leoran</i> to go .  Cf. <u>Last</u> a mold of
the foot, <u>lore</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To gain knowledge or
information of; to ascertain by inquiry, study, or investigation; to
receive instruction concerning; to fix in the mind; to acquire
understanding of, or skill; as, to <i>learn</i> the way; to
<i>learn</i> a lesson; to <i>learn</i> dancing; to <i>learn</i> to
skate; to <i>learn</i> the violin; to <i>learn</i> the truth about
something.</def> "<i>Learn</i> to do well."  <i>Is. i. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>learn</i> a parable of the fig
tree.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxiv. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To communicate knowledge to; to
teach.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hast thou not <i>learned</i> me how<BR>
To make perfumes ?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Learn</i> formerly had also the sense of <i>teach</i>,
in accordance with the analogy of the French and other languages, and
hence we find it with this sense in Shakespeare, Spenser, and other
old writers. This usage has now passed away. To <i>learn</i> is to
receive instruction, and to <i>teach</i> is to give instruction. He
who is <i>taught</i> learns, not he who <i>teaches</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Learn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To acquire knowledge
or skill; to make progress in acquiring knowledge or skill; to
receive information or instruction; as, this child <i>learns</i>
quickly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take my yoke upon you and <i>learn</i> of
me.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xi. 29.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To learn by heart</b></col>. <cd>See <i>By heart</i>,
under <u>Heart</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To learn by rote</b></col>,
<cd>to memorize by repetition without exercise of the
understanding.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 839 !></p>

<p><hw>Learn"a*ble</hw> (l&etilde;rn"&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as can be learned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Learn"ed</hw> (l&etilde;rn"&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to learning; possessing, or characterized by,
learning, esp. scholastic learning; erudite; well-informed; as, a
<i>learned</i> scholar, writer, or lawyer; a <i>learned</i> book; a
<i>learned</i> theory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>learned</i>lover lost no time.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of much reading are greatly <i>learned</i>, but
may be little knowing.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Words of <i>learned</i> length and thundering
sound.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The learned</b></col>, <cd>learned men; men of erudition;
scholars.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Learn"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<wf>Learn"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Every coxcomb swears as <i>learnedly</i> as
they.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Learn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who learns; a
scholar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Learn"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>leornung</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The acquisition of knowledge or skill; as,
the <i>learning</i> of languages; the <i>learning</i> of
telegraphy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The knowledge or skill received by
instruction or study; acquired knowledge or ideas in any branch of
science or literature; erudition; literature; science; as, he is a
man of great <i>learning</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Book learning</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Book</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Literature; erudition; lore; scholarship; science;
letters. See <u>Literature</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Leas"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 2d
<u>Lease</u>.] <def>Such as can be leased.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lease</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lesan</i> to
gather; akin to D. <i>lezen</i> to gather, read, G. <i>lesen</i>,
Goth. <i>lisan</i> to gather; cf. Lith <i>lesti</i> to peck.] <def>To
gather what harvesters have left behind; to glean.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lease</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Leased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Leasing</u>.] [F. <i>laisser</i>, OF. <i>laissier</i>,
<i>lessier</i>, to leave, transmit, L. <i>laxare</i> to loose,
slacken, from <i>laxus</i> loose, wide. See <u>Lax</u>, and cf.
<u>Lesser</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grant to another by lease
the possession of, as of lands, tenements, and hereditaments; to let;
to demise; as, a landowner <i>leases</i> a farm to a tenant; --
sometimes with <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There were some [houses] that were <i>leased</i> out
for three lives.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold under a lease; to take lease of;
as, a tenant <i>leases</i> his land from the owner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lease</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>lais</i>. See
<u>Lease</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
demise or letting of lands, tenements, or hereditaments to another
for life, for a term of years, or at will, or for any less interest
than that which the lessor has in the property, usually for a
specified rent or compensation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The contract for such letting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any tenure by grant or permission; the
time for which such a tenure holds good; allotted time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our high-placed Macbeth<BR>
Shall live the <i>lease</i> of nature.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lease and release</b></col> <cd>a mode of conveyance of
freehold estates, formerly common in England and in New York. its
place is now supplied by a simple deed of grant.</cd>
<i>Burrill.</i>  <i>Warren's Blackstone.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Lease"hold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Held by
lease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lease"hold`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tenure by lease;
specifically, land held as personalty under a lease for
years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lease"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tenant
under a lease.</def> -- <wf>Lease"hold`ing</wf>, <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Leas"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 1st
<u>Lease</u>.] <def>One who leases or gleans.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leas"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A liar.</def> [Obs.]
See <u>Leasing</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Leash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lese</i>,
<i>lees</i>, <i>leece</i>, OF. <i>lesse</i>, F. <i>laisse</i>, LL.
<i>laxa</i>, fr. L. <i>laxus</i> loose. See <u>Lax</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thong of leather, or a long cord, by which
a falconer holds his hawk, or a courser his dog.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even like a fawning greyhound in the
<i>leash</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Sporting)</i> <def>A brace and a half; a
tierce; three; three creatures of any kind, especially greyhounds,
foxes, bucks, and hares; hence, the number three in
general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I] kept my chamber a <i>leash</i> of
days.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then were I wealthier than a <i>leash</i> of
kings.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A string with a loop at
the end for lifting warp threads, in a loom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Leashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Leashing</u>.] <def>To tie together, or hold, with a
leash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leas"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>le&aacute;sung</i>, fr. <i>le&aacute;s</i> loose, false,
deceitful. See <u>-less</u>, <u>Loose</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>The act of lying; falsehood; a lie or lies.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt destroy them that speak
<i>leasing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. v. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Blessed be the lips that such a <i>leasing</i>
told.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Leasing making</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>, <cd>the
uttering of lies or libels upon the personal character of the
sovereign, his court, or his family.</cd>  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lea"sow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lesu</i>,
<i>l&aelig;su</i>.] <def>A pasture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Least</hw> (l&emacr;st), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>last</i>, <i>lest</i>, AS. <i>l&aemacr;sast</i>,
<i>l&aemacr;sest</i>, superl. of <i>l&aemacr;ssa</i> less. See
<u>Less</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] [Used as the superlative of
<i>little</i>.] <def>Smallest, either in size or degree; shortest;
lowest; most unimportant; as, the <i>least</i> insect; the
<i>least</i> mercy; the <i>least</i> space.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Least</i> is often used with <i>the</i>, as if a
noun.</p>

<p><blockquote>I am the <i>least</i> of the apostles.</blockquote>
<i>1 Cor. xv. 9.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At least</b></col>, or <col><b>At the least</b></col>,
<cd>at the least estimate, consideration, chance, etc.; hence, at any
rate; at all events; even. See <u>However</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He who tempts, though in vain, <i>at least</i>
asperses<BR>
The tempted with dishonor.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the mast they saw a young man, <i>at least</i> if
he were a man, who sat as on horseback.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>In least</b></col>, or  <col><b>In the least</b></col>,
<cd>in the least degree, manner, etc.</cd> "He that is unjust <i>in
the least</i> is unjust also in much." <i>Luke xvi. 10.</i> --
<col><b>Least squares</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a method of
deducing from a number of carefully made yet slightly discordant
observations of a phenomenon the most probable values of the unknown
quantities.</cd> It takes as its fundamental principle that the most
probable values are those which make the sum of the squares of the
residual errors of the observation a minimum.</p>

<p><hw>Least</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the smallest or
lowest degree; in a degree below all others; as, to reward those who
<i>least</i> deserve it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Least</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Lest</u>,
<pos><i>conj.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Least"ways`</hw> (?), <hw>Least"wise`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At least; at all events.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>At leastways</b></col>, or <col><b>At leastwise</b></col>,
<cd>at least.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lea"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>le&aacute;s</i>
void, loose, false.  Cf. <u>Leasing</u>.] <def>Flimsy; vague;
deceptive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Lead</u> to
conduct.] <def>An artificial water trench, esp. one to or from a
mill.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leath"er</hw> (l&ebreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lether</i>, AS. <i>le&eth;er</i>; akin
to D. <i>leder</i>, <i>le&ecirc;r</i>, G. <i>leder</i>, OHG.
<i>ledar</i>, Icel. <i>le&eth;r</i>, Sw. <i>l&auml;der</i>, Dan.
<i>l&aelig;der</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The skin of an animal,
or some part of such skin, tanned, tawed, or otherwise dressed for
use; also, dressed hides, collectively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The skin.</def> [Ironical or Sportive]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Leather</i> is much used adjectively in the sense of
<i>made of</i>, <i>relating to</i>, <i>or like</i>,
<i>leather</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Leather board</b></col>, <cd>an imitation of sole leather,
made of leather scraps, rags, paper, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Leather
carp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>, a variety of carp in which
the scales are all, or nearly all, absent. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Carp</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Leather jacket</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A California carangoid
fish (<i>Oligoplites saurus</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
trigger fish (<i>Balistes Carolinensis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Leather
flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a climbing plant (<i>Clematis
Viorna</i>) of the Middle and Southern States having thick, leathery
sepals of a purplish color.</cd> -- <col><b>Leather leaf</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low shrub (<i>Cassandra calyculata</i>), growing
in Northern swamps, and having evergreen, coriaceous, scurfy
leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Leather plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>one or more New Zealand plants of the composite genus
<i>Celmisia</i>, which have white or buff tomentose leaves.</cd> --
<col><b>Leather turtle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Leatherback</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable leather</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An imitation of leather made of cotton
waste</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Linen cloth coated with India
rubber.</cd>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leath"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Leathered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Leathering</u>.] <def>To beat, as with a thong of leather.</def>
[Obs. or Colloq.]  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leath"er*back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large sea turtle (<i>Sphargis
coriacea</i>), having no bony shell on its back. It is common in the
warm and temperate parts of the Atlantic, and sometimes weighs over a
thousand pounds; -- called also <i>leather turtle</i>, <i>leathery
turtle</i>, <i>leather-backed tortoise</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Leath"er*et</hw> (?), <hw>Leath`er*ette"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Leather</i> + <i>et</i>, F. <i>-ette</i>.]
<def>An imitation of leather, made of paper and cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leath"er*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The friar bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leath"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of leather;
consisting of. leather; as, a <i>leathern</i> purse.</def> "A
<i>leathern</i> girdle about his loins."  <i>Matt. iii. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leath"er*neck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sordid friar bird of Australia
(<i>Tropidorhynchus sordidus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Leath"er*wood`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small branching shrub (<i>Dirca palustris</i>), with a white, soft
wood, and a tough, leathery bark, common in damp woods in the
Northern United States; -- called also <i>moosewood</i>, and
<i>wicopy</i>.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leath"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
leather in appearance or consistence; tough.</def> "A <i>leathery</i>
skin."  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leave</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Leaved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Leaving</u>] <def>To send out leaves; to leaf; -- often with
<i>out</i>.</def>  <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Levy</u>.] <def>To
raise; to levy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An army strong she <i>leaved</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leave</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>leve</i>,
<i>leave</i>, AS. <i>le&aacute;f</i>; akin to <i>le&oacute;f</i>
pleasing, dear, E. <i>lief</i>, D. oor<i>lof</i> leave, G.
ar<i>laub</i>, and er<i>lauben</i> to permit, Icel. <i>leyfi</i>.
&radic;124.  See <u>Lief</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Liberty
granted by which restraint or illegality is removed; permission;
allowance; license.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>David earnestly asked <i>leave</i> of me.</blockquote>
<i>1 Sam. xx. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No friend has <i>leave</i> to bear away the
dead.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of leaving or departing; a formal
parting; a leaving; farewell; adieu; -- used chiefly in the phrase,
<i>to take leave</i>, i. e., literally, to take permission to
go.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A double blessing is a'double grace;<BR>
Occasion smiles upon a second <i>leave</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And Paul after this tarried there yet a good while,
and then took his <i>leave</i> of the brethren.</blockquote> <i>Acts
xviii. 18.</i></p>

<p><col><b>French leave</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>French</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Liberty</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Leave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Left</u> (l&ebreve;ft); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Leaving</u>.] [OE. <i>leven</i>, AS. <i>l&?;fan</i>,
fr. <i>l&amacr;f</i> remnant, heritage; akin to <i>lifian</i>,
<i>libban</i>, to live, orig., to remain; cf. be<i>l&imacr;fan</i> to
remain, G. b<i>leiben</i>, Goth. bi<i>leiban</i>. &radic;119. See
<u>Live</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
withdraw one's self from; to go away from; to depart from; as, to
<i>leave</i> the house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore shall a man <i>leave</i> his father and his
mother, and shall cleave unto his wife.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii.
24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To let remain unremoved or undone; to let
stay or continue, in distinction from what is removed or
changed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If grape gatherers come to thee, would they not
<i>leave</i> some gleaning grapes ?</blockquote> <i>Jer. xlix. 9.
</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These ought ye to have done, and not to <i>leave</i>
the other undone.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxiii. 23. </i></p>

<p><blockquote>Besides it <i>leaveth</i> a suspicion, as if more
might be said than is expressed.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cease from; to desist from; to abstain
from.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>leave</i> complaining and begin your
tea.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To desert; to abandon; to forsake; hence,
to give up; to relinquish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lo, we have <i>left</i> all, and have followed
thee.</blockquote> <i>Mark x. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The heresies that men do <i>leave</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To let be or do without interference; as,
I <i>left</i> him to his reflections; I <i>leave</i> my hearers to
judge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>leave</i> you now to your gossiplike
humor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To put; to place; to deposit; to deliver;
to commit; to submit -- with a sense of withdrawing one's self from;
as, <i>leave</i> your hat in the hall; we <i>left</i> our cards; to
<i>leave</i> the matter to arbitrators.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Leave</i> there thy gift before the altar and go
thy way.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The foot<BR>
That <i>leaves</i> the print of blood where'er it walks.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To have remaining at death; hence, to
bequeath; as, he <i>left</i> a large estate; he <i>left</i> a good
name; he <i>left</i> a legacy to his niece.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To leave alone</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To leave
in solitude</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To desist or refrain from
having to do with; as, <i>to leave</i> dangerous chemicals
<i>alone</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To leave off</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To desist from; to forbear; to stop; as,
<i>to leave off</i> work at six o'clock</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To cease wearing or using; to omit to put in the usual position;
as, <i>to leave off</i> a garment; <i>to leave off</i> the
tablecloth</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To forsake; as, <i>to leave
off</i> a bad habit.</cd> -- <col><b>To leave out</b></col>, <cd>to
omit; as, <i>to leave out</i> a word or name in writing.</cd> --
<col><b>To leave to one's self</b></col>, <cd>to let (one) be alone;
to cease caring for (one).</cd></p>

<p>Syn>- To quit; depart from; forsake; abandon; relinquish; deliver;
bequeath; give up; forego; resign; surrender; forbear. See
<u>Quit</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Leave</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To depart; to set out.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By the time I <i>left</i> for Scotland.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cease; to desist; to leave off.</def>
"He . . . began at the eldest, and <i>left</i> at the youngest."
<i>Gen. xliv. 12.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To leave off</b></col>, <cd>to cease; to desist; to
stop.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Leave off</i>, and for another summons
wait.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leaved</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Leaf</u>.]
<def>Bearing, or having, a leaf or leaves; having folds; -- used in
combination; as, a four<i>-leaved</i> clover; a two-<i>leaved</i>
gate; long<i>-leaved</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leave"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Leafless.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leav"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>levain</i>,
<i>levein</i>, F. <i>levain</i>, L. <i>levamen</i> alleviation,
mitigation; but taken in the sense of, a raising, that which raises,
fr. <i>levare</i> to raise. See <u>Lever</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any substance that produces, or is designed
to produce, fermentation, as in dough or liquids; esp., a portion of
fermenting dough, which, mixed with a larger quantity of dough,
produces a general change in the mass, and renders it light; yeast;
barm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which makes a general
assimilating (especially a corrupting) change in the mass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beware of the <i>leaven</i> of the Pharisees, which is
hypocrisy.</blockquote> <i>Luke xii. 1.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leav"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Leavened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Leavening</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make light by the
action of leaven; to cause to ferment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A little leaven <i>leaveneth</i> the whole
lump.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. v. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To imbue; to infect; to vitiate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With these and the like deceivable doctrines, he
<i>leavens</i> also his prayer.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leav"en*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of making light, or causing to ferment, by means of
leaven.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which leavens or makes light.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leav"en*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
leaven.</def>  <i> Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leav"er</hw> (l&emacr;v"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who leaves, or withdraws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leaves</hw> (l&emacr;vz), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Leaf</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leave"-tak`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Taking of
leave; parting compliments.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leav"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fr. <u>Leaf</u>.]
<def>Leafiness.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Leav"ings</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Things left; remnants; relics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Refuse; offal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leav"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Leafy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Leb"an</hw>, <hw>Leb"ban</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Coagulated sour milk diluted with water; -- a common beverage
among the Arabs. Also, a fermented liquor made of the same.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*ca"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The hartbeest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*can"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>leka`nh</grk> bowl or basin + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination
practiced with water in a basin, by throwing three stones into it,
and invoking the demon whose aid was sought.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lec`a*no"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid which is obtained
from several varieties of lichen (<i>Lecanora</i>, <i>Roccella</i>,
etc.), as a white, crystalline substance, and is called also
<i>orsellic, or diorsellinic</i> <i>acid</i>, <i>lecanorin</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lec`a*no"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Lecanoric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lech</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>l&eacute;cher</i>. See <u>Lick</u>.] <def>To lick.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Le*che"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>water
buck</i>, under 3d <u>Buck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lech"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lechur</i>,
<i>lechour</i>, OF. <i>lecheor</i>, <i>lecheur</i>, gormand, glutton,
libertine, parasite, fr. <i>lechier</i> to lick, F.
<i>l&eacute;cher</i>; of Teutonic origin. See <u>Lick</u>.] <def>A
man given to lewdness; one addicted, in an excessive degree, to the
indulgence of sexual desire, or to illicit commerce with
women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lech"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lechered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lechering</u>.] <def>To practice lewdness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lech"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lecher</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>  <i> Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lech"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a lecher;
addicted to lewdness; lustful; also, lust-provoking.</def> "A
<i>lecherous</i> thing is wine." <i>Chaucer.</i> --
<wf>Lech"er*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lech"er*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lech"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lecherie</i>,
OF. <i>lecherie</i>. See <u>Lecher</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free
indulgence of lust; lewdness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Selfish pleasure; delight.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lec"i*thin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>le`kiqos</grk> the yolk of an egg.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>A complex, nitrogenous phosphorized substance widely distributed
through the animal body, and especially conspicuous in the brain and
nerve tissue, in yolk of eggs, and in the white blood
corpuscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lec"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lecturn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lec*ti"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lectic&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A
kind of litter or portable couch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lectio</i>, fr.
<i>legere</i>, <i>lectum</i>, to read. See <u>lesson</u>,
<u>Legend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A lesson or
selection, esp. of Scripture, read in divine service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reading; a variation in the
text.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We ourselves are offended by the obtrusion of the new
<i>lections</i> into the text.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lec"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>lectionarium</i>,
<i>lectionarius</i> : cf. F. <i>lectionnaire</i>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>A book, or a list, of lections, for reading in divine
service.</def></p>

<p><! p. 840 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Lec"tor</hw> (l&ebreve;k"t&obreve;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
See <u>Lection</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A reader of lections;
formerly, a person designated to read lessons to the
illiterate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lec"tu*al</hw> (-t&usl;*<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>lectualis</i>, fr. L. <i>lectus</i> bed.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Confining to the bed; as, a <i>lectual</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lec"ture</hw> (-t&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>lecture</i>, LL. <i>lectura</i>, fr. L. <i>legere</i>,
<i>lectum</i>, to read. See <u>Legend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of reading; as, the <i>lecture</i> of Holy
Scripture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A discourse on any subject; especially, a
formal or methodical discourse, intended for instruction; sometimes,
a familiar discourse, in contrast with a sermon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A reprimand or formal reproof from one
having authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Universities)</i> <def>A rehearsal of
a lesson.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lec"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lectured</u> (-t&usl;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lecturing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To read or
deliver a lecture to.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reprove formally and with
authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lec"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To deliver a
lecture or lectures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lec"tur*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who lectures; an assistant preacher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lec"ture*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
lecturer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lec"turn</hw> (l&ebreve;k"t&ubreve;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>lectrinum</i>, fr. <i>lectrum</i>; cf. L. <i>legere</i>,
<i>lectum</i>, to read.] <def>A choir desk, or reading desk, in some
churches, from which the lections, or Scripture lessons, are chanted
or read; hence, a reading desk. [Written also <i>lectern</i> and
<i>lettern</i>.]</def> <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lec"y*this</hw> (l&ebreve;s"&ibreve;*th&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. 3 an oil flask.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of gigantic trees, chiefly Brazilian, of the order
<i>Myrtace&aelig;</i>, having woody capsules opening by an apical
lid. <i>Lecythis Zabucajo</i> yields the delicious sapucaia nuts.
<i>L. Ollaria</i> produces the monkey-pots, its capsules. Its bark
separates into thin sheets, like paper, used by the natives for
cigarette wrappers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Led</hw> (l&ebreve;d), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Lead</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Led captain</b></col>. <cd>An obsequious follower or
attendant.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Led horse</b></col>,
<cd>a sumpter horse, or a spare horse, that is led along.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Led"en</hw> (l&ebreve;d"'n), <hw>Led"den</hw> (-d'n) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>l&emacr;den</i>, <i>l&ymacr;den</i>,
language, speech. Cf. <u>Leod</u>.] <def>Language; speech; voice;
cry.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ledge</hw> (l&ebreve;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to AS.
<i>licgan</i> to lie, Icel. <i>liggja</i>; cf. Icel. <i>l&ouml;gg</i>
the ledge or rim at the bottom of a cask. See <u>Lie</u> to be
prostrate.] [Formerly written <i>lidge</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A shelf on which articles may be laid; also, that which
resembles such a shelf in form or use, as a projecting ridge or part,
or a molding or edge in joinery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shelf, ridge, or reef, of
rocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A layer or stratum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lowest <i>ledge</i> or row should be of
stone.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A lode; a limited mass of
rock bearing valuable mineral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A piece of timber to
support the deck, placed athwartship between beams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ledge"ment</hw> (l&ebreve;j"m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Ledgment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ledg"er</hw>(l&ebreve;j"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin
to D. <i>legger</i> layer, daybook (fr. <i>leggen</i> to lay,
<i>liggen</i> to lie), E. <i>ledge</i>, <i>lie</i>. See <u>Lie</u> to
be prostrate.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A book in which a summary of
accounts is laid up or preserved; the final book of record in
business transactions, in which all debits and credits from the
journal, etc., are placed under appropriate heads.</def> [Written
also <i>leger</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large
flat stone, esp. one laid over a tomb.</def> <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A horizontal piece of timber secured to the
uprights and supporting floor timbers, a staircase, scaffolding, or
the like. It differs from an <i>intertie</i> in being intended to
carry weight.</def> [Written also <i>ligger</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Ledger bait</b></col>, <cd>fishing bait attached to a
floating line fastened to the bank of a stream, pond, etc.</cd>
<i>Walton.</i> <i>J. H. Walsh.</i> -- <col><b>Ledger blade</b></col>,
<cd>a stationary shearing blade in a machine for shearing the nap of
cloth.</cd> -- <col><b>Ledger line</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Leger
line</i>, under 3d <u>Leger</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Ledger wall</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>the wall under a
vein; the foot wall.</cd> <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ledg"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A string-course or horizontal
suit of moldings, such as the base moldings of a building.</def>
<i>Oxf. Gloss.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def> The development of the
surface of a body on a plane, so that the dimensions of the different
sides may be easily ascertained.</def> <i>Gwilt.</i> [Written also
<i>ledgement</i>, <i>legement</i>, and <i>ligement</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ledg"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding
in ledges; consisting of a ledge or reef; as, a <i>ledgy</i>
island.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lee</hw> (l&emacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <def>To lie; to
speak falsely.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lee</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lees</b></plw> (l&emacr;z). [F. <i>lie</i>, perh. fr. L.
<i>levare</i> to lift up, raise. Cf. <u>Lever</u>.] <def>That which
settles at the bottom, as of a cask of liquor (esp. wine); sediment;
dregs; -- used now only in the plural.</def> [Lees occurs also as a
form of the singular.] "The <i>lees</i> of wine." <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand demons lurk within the
<i>lee</i>.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wine of life is drawn, and the mere
<i>lees</i><BR>
Is left this vault to brag of.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lee</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lee</i> shelter, Icel.
<i>hl&emacr;</i>, akin to AS. <i>hle&oacute;</i>,
<i>hle&oacute;w</i>, shelter, protection, OS. <i>hl&egrave;o</i>, D.
<i>lij</i> lee, Sw. <i>l&auml;</i>, Dan. <i>l&aelig;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sheltered place; esp., a place protected
from the wind by some object; the side sheltered from the wind;
shelter; protection; as, the <i>lee</i> of a mountain, an island, or
a ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We lurked under <i>lee</i>.</blockquote> <i>Morte
d'Arthure.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Desiring me to take shelter in his
<i>lee</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That part of the
hemisphere, as one stands on shipboard, toward which the wind blows.
See <u>Lee</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>By the lee</b></col>, <col><b>To bring by the
lee</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>By</u>, and <u>Bring</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Under the lee of</b></col>, <cd>on that side which is
sheltered from the wind; as, to be <i>under the lee of</i> a
ship.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lee</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the part or side opposite to that against which the
wind blows; -- opposed to <i>weather</i>; as, the <i>lee</i> side or
<i>lee</i> rail of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lee gauge</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Gauge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> <i>(Naut.)</i> -- <col><b>Lee
shore</b></col>, <cd>the shore on the lee side of a vessel.</cd> --
<col><b>Lee tide</b></col>, <cd>a tide running in the same direction
that the wind blows.</cd> -- <col><b>On the lee beam</b></col>,
<cd>directly to the leeward; in a line at right angles to the length
of the vessel and to the leeward.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lee"board`</hw> (l&emacr;"b&omacr;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A board, or frame of planks, lowered over the side of a vessel
to lessen her leeway when closehauled, by giving her greater
draught.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leech</hw> (l&emacr;ch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Leach</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leech</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Leach</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Leech</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. <i>leik</i>, Icel.
<i>l&imacr;k</i>, Sw. <i>lik</i> boltrope, st&aring;ende <i>liken</i>
the leeches.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The border or edge at the side of a
sail.</def> [Written also <i>leach</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Leech line</b></col>, <cd>a line attached to the leech
ropes of sails, passing up through blocks on the yards, to haul the
leeches by.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Leech rope</b></col>,
<cd>that part of the boltrope to which the side of a sail is
sewed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Leech</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>leche</i>,
<i>l&aelig;che</i>, physician, AS. <i>l&aemacr;ce</i>; akin to Fries.
<i>l&emacr;tza</i>, OHG. <i>l&amacr;hh&imacr;</i>, <i>Icel</i>.
<i>l&aelig;knari</i>, Sw. <i>l&auml;kare</i>, Dan. <i>l&aelig;ge</i>,
Goth. <i>l&emacr;keis</i>, AS. <i>l&amacr;cnian</i> to heal, Sw.
<i>l&auml;ka</i>, Dan. <i>l&aelig;ge</i>, Icel. <i>l&aelig;kna</i>,
Goth. <i>l&emacr;kin&omacr;n</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
physician or surgeon; a professor of the art of healing.</def>
[Written also <i>leach</i>.] [Archaic] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Leech</i>, heal thyself.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif
(Luke iv. 23).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
genera and species of annulose worms, belonging to the order
<i>Hirudinea</i>, or Bdelloidea, esp. those species  used in
medicine, as <i>Hirudo medicinalis</i> of Europe, and allied
species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the mouth of bloodsucking leeches are three convergent,
serrated jaws, moved by strong muscles. By the motion of these jaws a
stellate incision is made in the skin, through which the leech sucks
blood till it is gorged, and then drops off. The stomach has large
pouches on each side to hold the blood. The common large bloodsucking
leech of America (<i>Macrobdella decora</i>) is dark olive above, and
red below, with black spots. Many kinds of leeches are parasitic on
fishes; others feed upon worms and mollusks, and have no jaws for
drawing blood. See <u>Bdelloidea</u>. <u>Hirudinea</u>, and
<u>Clepsine</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A glass tube of peculiar
construction, adapted for drawing blood from a scarified part by
means of a vacuum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Horse leech</b></col>, <cd>a less powerful European leech
(<i>H&aelig;mopis vorax</i>), commonly attacking the membrane that
lines the inside of the mouth and nostrils of animals that drink at
pools where it lives.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Leech</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Leeched</u> (l&emacr;cht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Leeching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To treat as a
surgeon; to doctor; as, to <i>leech</i> wounds.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bleed by the use of leeches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leech"craft`</hw> (-kr&adot;ft`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The art of healing; skill of a physician.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Leed</hw>, <hw>Leede</hw> (l&emacr;d) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A caldron; a copper
kettle.</def> [Obs.] "A furnace of a <i>leed</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leef</hw> (l&emacr;f), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lief</u>.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leek</hw> (l&emacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>le&aacute;c</i>; akin to D. <i>look</i>, G. <i>lauch</i>, OHG.
<i>louh</i>, Icel. <i>laukr</i>, Sw. <i>l&ouml;k</i>, Dan
<i>l&ouml;g</i>. Cf. <u>Garlic</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of
the genus <i>Allium</i> (<i>A. Porrum</i>), having broadly linear
succulent leaves rising from a loose oblong cylindrical bulb. The
flavor is stronger than that of the common onion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wild leek</b></col> , <cd>in America, a plant (<i>Allium
tricoccum</i>) with a cluster of ovoid bulbs and large oblong
elliptical leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Leeme</hw> (l&emacr;m), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Leme</u>.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leep</hw> (l&emacr;p), obs. <pos><i>strong imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Leap</u>. <def>Leaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leer</hw> (l&emacr;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
learn.</def> [Obs.] See <u>Lere</u>, to learn.</p>

<p><hw>Leer</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lere</i>; akin to G.
<i>leer</i>, OHG. &amp; OS. <i>l&amacr;ri</i>.] [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<def>Empty; destitute; wanting</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Empty of contents.</def> "A <i>leer</i> stomach."
<i>Gifford.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Destitute of a rider; and
hence, led, not ridden; as, a <i>leer</i> horse.</def> <i>B.
Jonson.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Wanting sense or seriousness;
trifling; trivolous; as, <i>leer</i> words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An oven in which
glassware is annealed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lere</i> cheek, face,
look, AS. <i>hle&oacute;r</i> cheek, face; akin to OS. <i>hlear</i>,
<i>hlior</i>, OD. <i>lier</i>, Icel. <i>hl&ymacr;r</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The cheek.</def> [Obs.] <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Complexion; aspect; appearance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A Rosalind of a better <i>leer</i> than
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A distorted expression of the face, or an
indirect glance of the eye, conveying a sinister or immodest
suggestion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With jealous <i>leer</i> malign<BR>
Eyed them askance.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She gives the <i>leer</i> of invitation.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Damn with faint praise, assent with civil
<i>leer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Leered</u> (l&emacr;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Leering</u>.] <def>To look with a leer; to look
askance with a suggestive expression, as of hatred, contempt, lust,
etc.; to cast a sidelong lustful or malign look.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>leer</i>upon him as a' comes
by.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The priest, above his book,<BR>
<i>Leering</i> at his neighbor's wife.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To entice with a leer,
or leers; as, to <i>leer</i> a man to ruin.</def> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leere</hw> (l&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <def>Tape or braid; an ornament.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Leere side</b></col>, <cd>the left side, as that on which
a leere or ornament was worn.</cd> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leer"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a leering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lees</hw> (l&emacr;z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Dregs.
See 2d <u>Lee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lees</hw> (l&emacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
leash.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leese</hw> (l&emacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lose</u>.] <def>To lose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They would rather <i>leese</i> their friend than their
jest.</blockquote> <i>Lord Burleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leese</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>l&eacute;ser</i>, L. <i>laesus</i>, p. p. of <i>laedere</i>.]
<def>To hurt.</def> [Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leet</hw> (l&emacr;t), obs.  <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Let</u>, to allow.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>hl&emacr;t</i>
share, lot.] <def>A portion; a list, esp. a list of candidates for an
office.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Leet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>leta</i>. Cf. F.
<i>lit de justice</i> a solemn sitting of the king in Parliament, L.
<i>lis</i>, <i>litis</i>, a lawsuit, It., Sp., &amp; Pg. <i>lite</i>.]
<i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>A court-leet; the district within the
jurisdiction of a court-leet; the day on which a court-leet is
held.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The original intent of the court-leet was to view the
frankpledges or freemen within the liberty; hence called <i>the view
of frankpledge</i>. Latterly it has fallen into almost entire disuse.
<i>Burrill. Warren's Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Leet ale</b></col>, <cd>a feast or merrymaking in time of
leet.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Leet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European pollock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leet"man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Leetmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>One subject to the
jurisdiction of a court-leet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lee"ward</hw> (l&emacr;"w&etilde;rd or l&umacr;"&etilde;rd),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or in the
direction of, the part or side toward which the wind blows; --
opposed to <i>windward</i>; as, a <i>leeward</i> berth; a
<i>leeward</i> ship.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lee side;
the lee.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
lee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lee"way`</hw> (l&emacr;"w&amacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The lateral movement of a ship to the leeward of
her course; drift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Left</hw> (l&ebreve;ft), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<def>of <u>Leave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Left</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>left</i>, <i>lift</i>,
<i>luft</i>; akin to Fries. <i>leeft</i>, OD. <i>lucht</i>,
<i>luft</i>; cf. AS. <i>left</i> (equiv. to L. <i>inanis</i>),
<i>lyft&amacr;dl</i> palsy; or cf. AS. <i>l&emacr;f</i> weak.]
<def>Of or pertaining to that side of the body in man on which the
muscular action of the limbs is usually weaker than on the other
side; -- opposed to <i>right</i>, when used in reference to a part of
the body; as, the <i>left</i> hand, or arm; the <i>left</i> ear. Also
said of the corresponding side of the lower animals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Left bank of a river</b></col>, <cd>that which is on the
<i>left</i> hand of a person whose face is turned downstream.</cd> --
<col><b>Left bower</b></col>. <cd>See under 2d <u>Bower</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Left center</b></col>, <cd>the members whose sympathies are,
in the main, with the members of the Left, but who do not favor
extreme courses, and on occasions vote with the government. They sit
between the Center and the extreme Left.</cd> -- <col><b>Over the
left shoulder</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Over the left</b></col>,
<cd>an old but still current colloquialism, or slang expression, used
as an aside to indicate insincerity, negation, or disbelief; as, he
said it, and it is true, -- <i>over the left</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Left</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
part of surrounding space toward which the left side of one's body is
turned; as, the house is on the <i>left</i> when you face
North.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put that rose a little more to the
<i>left</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Those members of a legislative assembly
(as in France) who are in the opposition; the advanced republicans
and extreme radicals. They have their seats at the left-hand side of
the presiding officer. See <u>Center</u>, and <u>Right</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Left"-hand`</hw> (l&ebreve;ft"h&abreve;nd`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated on the left; nearer the left hand
than the right; as, the <i>left-hand</i> side; the <i>left-hand</i>
road.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Left-hand rope</b></col>, <cd>rope laid up and twisted
over from right to left, or against the sun; -- called also <i>water-
laid rope</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Left"-hand`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the left hand or arm stronger and more dexterous than the
right; using the left hand and arm with more dexterity than the
right.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Clumsy; awkward; unlucky; insincere;
sinister; malicious; as, a <i>left-handed</i> compliment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The commendations of this people are not always
<i>left-handed</i> and detractive.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having a direction contrary to that of the
hands of a watch when seen in front; -- said of a twist, a rotary
motion, etc., looked at from a given direction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Left-handed marriage</b></col>, <cd>a morganatic marriage.
See <u>Morganatic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Left-handed screw</b></col>,
<cd>a screw constructed to advance away from the observer, when
turned, as in a nut, with a left-handed rotation. An ordinary wood
screw is right-handed.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Left"-hand`ed*ness</hw>, <hw>Left"-hand`i*ness</hw> (-
&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being left-handed; awkwardness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An awkward address, ungraceful attitudes and actions,
and a certain <i>left-handiness</i> (if I may use the expression)
proclaim low education.</blockquote> <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Left"-off`</hw> (-&obreve;f`; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Laid aside; cast-off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Left"ward</hw> (-w&etilde;rd), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Toward or on the left side.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rightward and <i>leftward</i> rise the
rocks.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"ful</hw> (l&emacr;"f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Leveful</u>.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leg</hw> (l&ebreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>leggr</i>; akin to Dan. <i>l&aelig;g</i> calf of the leg, Sw.
<i>l&auml;gg</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A limb or member of an
animal used for supporting the body, and in running, climbing, and
swimming; esp., that part of the limb between the knee and
foot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles a leg in form or use;
especially, any long and slender support on which any object rests;
as, the <i>leg</i> of a table; the <i>leg</i> of a pair of compasses
or dividers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The part of any article of clothing which
covers the leg; as, the <i>leg</i> of a stocking or of a pair of
trousers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A bow, esp. in the phrase <i>to make a
leg</i>; probably from drawing the leg backward in bowing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He that will give a cap and make a <i>leg</i> in
thanks for a favor he never received.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A disreputable sporting character; a
blackleg.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The course and distance
made by a vessel on one tack or between tacks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Boiler)</i> <def>An extension of the
boiler downward, in the form of a narrow space between vertical
plates, sometimes nearly surrounding the furnace and ash pit, and
serving to support the boiler; -- called also <i>water
leg</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Grain Elevator)</i> <def>The case
containing the lower part of the belt which carries the
buckets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A fielder whose position
is on the outside, a little in rear of the batter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A good leg</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a course sailed
on a tack which is near the desired course.</cd> -- <col><b>Leg
bail</b></col>, <cd>escape from custody by flight.</cd> [Slang] --
<col><b>Legs of an hyperbola</b></col> (or other curve)
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the branches of the curve which extend outward
indefinitely.</cd> -- <col><b>Legs of a triangle</b></col>, <cd>the
sides of a triangle; -- a name seldom used unless one of the sides is
first distinguished by some appropriate term; as, the hypothenuse and
two <i>legs</i> of a right-angled triangle.</cd> <col><b>On one's
legs</b></col>, <cd>standing to speak.</cd> -- <col><b>On one's last
legs</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Last</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To have
legs</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to have speed.</cd> -- <col><b>To
stand on one's own legs</b></col>, <cd>to support one's self; to be
independent.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 841 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Leg</hw> (l&ebreve;g), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To use as
a leg, with <i>it</i> as object</def>: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
bow.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To run.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Leg"a*cy</hw> (l&ebreve;g"&adot;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Legacies</b></plw> (-
s&ibreve;z). [L. (assumed) <i>legatia</i>, for <i>legatum</i>, from
<i>legare</i> to appoint by last will, to bequeath as a legacy, to
depute: cf. OF. <i>legat</i> legacy. See <u>Legate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gift of property by will, esp. of money or
personal property; a bequest. Also Fig.; as, a <i>legacy</i> of
dishonor or disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A business with which one is intrusted by
another; a commission; -- obsolete, except in the phrases <i>last
legacy</i>, <i>dying legacy</i>, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>legacy</i> and message wherefore I am sent into
the world.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He came and told his <i>legacy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Legacy duty</b></col>, <cd>a tax paid to government on
legacies.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i> -- <col><b>Legacy hunter</b></col>,
<cd>one who flatters and courts any one for the sake of a
legacy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Le"gal</hw> (l&emacr;"g<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>legalis</i>, fr. <i>lex</i>, <i>legis</i>, law; prob. orig., that
which lies or is fixed (cf. L. <i>lectus</i> bed), and if so akin to
E. <i>lie</i>, <i>law</i>: cf. F. <i>l&eacute;gal</i>. Cf. <u>Lie</u>
to be prostrate, <u>Loyal</u>, <u>Leal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Created by, permitted by, in conformity with, or relating to,
law; as, a <i>legal</i> obligation; a <i>legal</i> standard or test;
a <i>legal</i> procedure; a <i>legal</i> claim; a <i>legal</i> trade;
anything is <i>legal</i> which the laws do not forbid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>According to the law of works, as distinguished from free grace;
or resting on works for salvation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>According to the old or Mosaic dispensation; in accordance with
the law of Moses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Governed by the rules of law
as distinguished from the rules of equity; as, <i>legal</i> estate;
<i>legal</i> assets.</def> <i>Bouvier.</i> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Legal cap</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cap</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Legal tender</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The act of
tendering in the performance of a contract or satisfaction of a claim
that which the law prescribes or permits, and at such time and place
as the law prescribes or permits</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>That
currency, or money, which the law authorizes a debtor to tender and
requires a creditor to receive. It differs in different
countries.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lawful; constitutional; legitimate; licit;
authorized. See <u>Lawful</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Le"gal*ism</hw> (l&emacr;"g<i>a</i>l*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Strictness, or the doctrine of strictness,
in conforming to law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"gal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who practices
or advocates strict conformity to law; in theology, one who holds to
the law of works. See <u>Legal</u>, 2 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*gal"i*ty</hw> (l&esl;*g&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL. <i>legalitas</i>, F.
<i>l&eacute;galit&eacute;</i>. Cf. <u>Loyalty</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being legal;
conformity to law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A conformity to, and
resting upon, the letter of the law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le`gal*i*za"tion</hw>
(l&emacr;`g<i>a</i>l*&ibreve;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of making legal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"gal*ize</hw> (l&emacr;"g<i>a</i>l*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Legalized</u> (-
&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Legalizing</u> (-
&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] [Cf. F. <i>l&eacute;galiser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make legal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>To interpret or apply in a
legal spirit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"gal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a legal
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*gan"tine</hw> (l&esl;*g&abreve;n"t&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See <u>Legatine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"a*ta*ry</hw> (l&ebreve;g"&adot;*t&asl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>legatarius</i>, fr. <i>legaturius</i>
enjoined by a last will: cf. F. <i>l&eacute;gataire</i>. See
<u>Legacy</u>.] <def>A legatee.</def> [R.] <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leg"ate</hw> (l&ebreve;g"&asl;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>legat</i>, L. <i>legatus</i>, fr. <i>legare</i> to send with a
commission or charge, to depute, fr. <i>lex</i>, <i>legis</i>, law:
cf. F. <i>l&eacute;gat</i>, It. <i>legato</i>. See <u>Legal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ambassador or envoy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastic representing the pope and
invested with the authority of the Holy See.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Legates are of three kinds: (<i>a</i>) <i>Legates a
latere</i>, now always cardinals. They are called <i>ordinary</i> or
<i>extraordinary</i> legates, the former governing provinces, and the
latter class being sent to foreign countries on extraordinary
occasions. (<i>b</i>) <i>Legati missi</i>, who correspond to the
ambassadors of temporal governments. (<i>c</i>) <i>Legati nati</i>,
or <i>legates by virtue of their office</i>, as the archbishops of
Salzburg and Prague.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Hist.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
official assistant given to a general or to the governor of a
province.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Under the emperors, a
governor sent to a province.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg`a*tee"</hw> (l&ebreve;g`&adot;*t&emacr;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Legacy</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One to
whom a legacy is bequeathed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"ate*ship</hw> (l&ebreve;g"&asl;t*sh&ibreve;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a legate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"a*tine</hw> (-&adot;*t&imacr;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a legate; as,
<i>legatine</i> power.</def> <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made by, proceeding from, or under the
sanction of, a legate; as, a <i>legatine</i> constitution.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le*ga"tion</hw> (l&esl;*g&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>legatio</i>: cf. F.
<i>l&eacute;gation</i>, It. <i>legazione</i>. See <u>Legate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sending forth or commissioning one person
to act for another.</def> "The Divine <i>legation</i> of Moses."
<i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A legate, or envoy, and the persons
associated with him in his mission; an embassy; or, in stricter
usage, a diplomatic minister and his suite; a deputation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The place of business or official
residence of a diplomatic minister at a foreign court or seat of
government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A district under the jurisdiction of a
legate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Le*ga"to</hw> (l&asl;*g&auml;"t&osl;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[It., tied, joined, fr. <i>legare</i> to tie, bind, L.
<i>ligare</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Connected; tied; -- a term used
when successive tones are to be produced in a closely connected,
smoothly gliding manner. It is often indicated by a <i>tie</i>, thus
&?;, &?;, or &?;, &?;, written over or under the notes to be so
performed; -- opposed to <i>staccato</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Leg`a*tor"</hw> (l&ebreve;g`&adot;*t&ocirc;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>legare</i>: cf. OF. <i>legateur</i>.
See <u>Legacy</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A testator; one who bequeaths a
legacy.</def> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Le`ga*tu"ra</hw> (l&asl;`g&adot;*t&oomac;"r&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See <u>Ligature</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
tie or brace; a syncopation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"a*ture</hw> (l&ebreve;g"&adot;*t&usl;r; 135),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Legateship.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lege</hw> (l&ebreve;j), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>allege</i> to assert.] <def>To allege; to assert.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Fisher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lege"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ledgment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"end</hw> (l&ebreve;j"&ebreve;nd or l&emacr;"j&ebreve;nd;
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>legende</i>, OF. <i>legende</i>,
F. <i>l&eacute;gende</i>, LL. <i>legenda</i>, fr. L. <i>legendus</i>
to be read, fr. <i>legere</i> to read, gather; akin to Gr.
<grk>le`gein</grk> to gather, speak. Cf. <u>Collect</u>,
<u>Dialogue</u>, <u>Lesson</u>, <u>Logic</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is appointed to be read;
especially, a chronicle or register of the lives of saints, formerly
read at matins, and in the refectories of religious houses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A story respecting saints; especially, one
of a marvelous nature.</def> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any wonderful story coming down from the
past, but not verifiable by historical record; a myth; a
fable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And in this <i>legend</i> all that glorious deed<BR>
Read, whilst you arm you.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An inscription, motto, or title, esp. one
surrounding the field in a medal or coin, or placed upon an heraldic
shield or beneath an engraving or illustration.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Golden legend</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Golden</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Leg"end</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tell or narrate,
as a legend.</def> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leg"end*a*ry</hw> (l&ebreve;j"&ebreve;n*d&asl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a legend or to legends;
consisting of legends; like a legend; fabulous.</def>
"<i>Legendary</i> writers." <i>Bp. Lloyd.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Legendary</i> stories of nurses and old
women.</blockquote> <i>Bourne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leg"end*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>legendaire</i>, LL. <i>legendarius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
book of legends; a tale or narrative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Read the Countess of Pembroke's "Arcadia," a gallant
<i>legendary</i> full of pleasurable accidents.</blockquote> <i>James
I.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who relates legends.</def> <i>Bp.
Lavington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leg"er</hw> (l&ebreve;j"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ledger</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything that lies in a
place; that which, or one who, remains in a place.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A minister or ambassador resident at a
court or seat of government.</def> [Written also <i>lieger</i>,
<i>leiger</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sir Edward Carne, the queen's <i>leger</i> at
Rome.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A ledger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"er</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying or remaining in a
place; hence, resident; as, <i>leger</i> ambassador.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"er</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>l&eacute;ger</i>, fr.
LL. (assumed) <i>leviarius</i>, fr. L. <i>levis</i> light in weight.
See <u>Levity</u>.] <def>Light; slender; slim; trivial.</def> [Obs.
except in special phrases.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Leger line</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a line added above
or below the staff to extend its compass; -- called also <i>added
line</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Leg`er*de*main"</hw> (l&ebreve;j`&etilde;r*d&esl;*m&amacr;n"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>l&eacute;ger</i> light, nimble +
<i>de</i> of + <i>main</i> hand, L. <i>manus</i>. See 3d
<u>Leger</u>, and <u>Manual</u>.] <def>Sleight of hand; a trick of
sleight of hand; hence, any artful deception or trick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He of <i>legierdemayne</i> the mysteries did
know.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tricks and <i>legerdemain</i> by which men impose
upon their own souls.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leg`er*de*main"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices sleight of hand; a prestidigitator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*ger"i*ty</hw> (l&esl;*j&ebreve;r"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>l&eacute;g&egrave;ret&eacute;</i>. See 3d
<u>Leger</u>.] <def>Lightness; nimbleness.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Legge</hw> (l&ebreve;g), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lay</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <def>To lay.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Legge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>alegge</i>.] <def>To lighten; to allay.</def> [Obs.] <i>Rom. of
R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Legged</hw> (l&ebreve;gd or l&ebreve;g"g&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Leg</u>.] <def>Having (such or so many)
legs; -- used in composition; as, a long<i>-legged</i> man; a two<i>-
legged</i> animal.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Leg`gi*a"dro</hw> (l&asl;d`j&esl;*&auml;"dr&osl;),
<hw>||Leg`gi*e"ro</hw> (l&asl;d`j&esl;*&asl;"r&osl;), } <pos><i>a. &
adv.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Light or graceful; in a
light, delicate, and brisk style.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Leg"ging</hw> (l&ebreve;g"g&ibreve;ng), <hw>Leg"gin</hw>
(l&ebreve;g"g&ibreve;n), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Leg</u>.]
<def>A cover for the leg, like a long gaiter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"ging</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>, from
<u>Leg</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"gy</hw> (-g&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
long legs.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leg"horn</hw> (-h&ocirc;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A straw
plaiting used for bonnets and hats, made from the straw of a
particular kind of wheat, grown for the purpose in Tuscany, Italy; --
so called from Leghorn, the place of exportation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg`i*bil"i*ty</hw>
(l&ebreve;j`&ibreve;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being legible;
legibleness.</def> <i>Sir. D. Brewster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leg"i*ble</hw> (l&ebreve;j"&ibreve;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>legibilis</i>, fr. <i>legere</i> to read: cf. OF.
<i>legible</i>. See <u>Legend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable
of being read or deciphered; distinct to the eye; plain; -- used of
writing or printing; as, a fair, <i>legible</i> manuscript.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stone with moss and lichens so overspread,<BR>
Nothing is <i>legible</i> but the name alone.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being discovered or understood
by apparent marks or indications; as, the thoughts of men are often
<i>legible</i> in their countenances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"i*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being legible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a legible
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*gif"ic</hw> (l&esl;*j&ibreve;f"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lex</i>, <i>legis</i>, law + <i>-
ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-fy</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to making laws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Practically, in many cases, authority or
<i>legific</i> competence has begun in bare power.</blockquote> <i>J.
Grote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"gion</hw> (l&emacr;"j&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>legioun</i>, OF. <i>legion</i>, F. <i>l&eacute;gion</i>, fr. L.
<i>legio</i>, fr. <i>legere</i> to gather, collect. See
<u>Legend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A body
of foot soldiers and cavalry consisting of different numbers at
different periods, -- from about four thousand to about six thousand
men, -- the cavalry being about one tenth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A military force; an army; military
bands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A great number; a multitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where one sin has entered, <i>legions</i> will force
their way through the same breach.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Taxonomy)</i> <def>A group of orders
inferior to a class.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Legion of honor</b></col>, <cd>an order instituted by the
French government in 1802, when Bonaparte was First Consul, as a
reward for merit, both civil and military.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Le"gion*a*ry</hw> (-&asl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>legionarius</i>: cf. F. <i>l&eacute;gionnaire</i>.] <def>Belonging
to a legion; consisting of a legion or legions, or of an indefinitely
great number; as, <i>legionary</i> soldiers; a <i>legionary</i>
force.</def> "The <i>legionary</i> body of error." <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"gion*a*ry</hw> (l&emacr;"j&ubreve;n*&asl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Legionaries</b></plw> (-
r&ibreve;z). <def>A member of a legion.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"gioned</hw> (l&emacr;"j&ubreve;nd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Formed into a legion or legions; legionary.</def>
<i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"gion*ry</hw> (l&emacr;"j&ubreve;n*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A body of legions; legions,
collectively.</def> [R.] <i>Pollok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leg"is*late</hw> (l&ebreve;j"&ibreve;s*l&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Legislated</u> (-
l&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Legislating</u> (-l&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng).] [See <u>Legislator</u>.]
<def>To make or enact a law or laws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Solon, in <i>legislating</i> for the Athenians, had an
idea of a more perfect constitution than he gave them.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Watson (1805).</i></p>

<p><hw>Leg`is*la"tion</hw> (-l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>l&eacute;gislation</i>, L. <i>legis
latio</i>. See <u>Legislator</u>.] <def>The act of legislating;
preparation and enactment of laws; the laws enacted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pythagoras joined <i>legislation</i> to his
philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Lyttelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leg"is*la*tive</hw> (l&ebreve;j"&ibreve;s*l&asl;*t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>l&eacute;gislatif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Making, or having the power to make, a law
or laws; lawmaking; -- distinguished from <i>executive</i>; as, a
<i>legislative</i> act; a <i>legislative</i> body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The supreme <i>legislative</i> power of England was
lodged in the king and great council, or what was afterwards called
the Parliament.</blockquote> <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the making of laws;
suitable to legislation; as, the transaction of <i>legislative</i>
business; the <i>legislative</i> style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"is*la*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
legislative manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"is*la`tor</hw> (l&ebreve;j"&ibreve;s*l&amacr;`t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>legis lator</i>, prop., a proposer of a
law; <i>lex</i>, <i>legis</i>, law + <i>lator</i> a proposer, bearer,
fr. <i>latus</i>, used as p. p. of <i>ferre</i> to bear: cf. F.
<i>l&eacute;gislateur</i>. See <u>Legal</u>, and <u>Tolerate</u>.]
<def>A lawgiver; one who makes laws for a state or community; a
member of a legislative body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>legislators</i> in ancient and heroical
times.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many of the <i>legislators</i> themselves had taken an
oath of abjuration of his Majesty's person and family.</blockquote>
<i>E. Phillips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leg`is*la*to"ri*al</hw> (-
l&adot;*t&omacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to a legislator or legislature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"is*la`tor*ship</hw>
(l&ebreve;j"&ibreve;s*l&amacr;`t&etilde;r*sh&ibreve;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a legislator.</def>
<i>Halifax.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Leg"is*la`tress</hw> (-tr&ebreve;s), <hw>Leg"is*la`trix</hw>
(-tr&ibreve;ks), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who makes
laws.</def> <i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leg"is*la`ture</hw> (l&ebreve;j"&ibreve;s*l&amacr;`t&usl;r;
135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>l&eacute;gislature</i>.]
<def>The body of persons in a state or kingdom invested with power to
make and repeal laws; a legislative body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without the concurrent consent of all three parts of
the <i>legislature</i>, no law is, or can be, made.</blockquote>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>legislature</i> of Great Britain consists of the
Lords and Commons, with the king or queen, whose sanction is
necessary to every bill before it becomes a law. The
<i>legislatures</i> of most of the United States consist of two
houses or branches; but the sanction or consent of the governor is
required to give their acts the force of law, or a concurrence of two
thirds of the two houses after he has refused his sanction and
assigned his objections.</p>

<p><hw>Le"gist</hw> (l&emacr;"j&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>l&eacute;giste</i>, LL. <i>legista</i>, fr. L. <i>lex</i>,
<i>legis</i>, law. See <u>Legal</u>.] <def>One skilled in the laws; a
writer on law.</def> <i>Milman.</i> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le*git"im</hw> (l&esl;*j&ibreve;"&ibreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Legitimate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The portion of movable estate to which the
children are entitled upon the death of the father.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*git"i*ma*cy</hw> (-&ibreve;*m&adot;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Legitimate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>The state, or quality, of being legitimate, or in conformity
with law; hence, the condition of having been lawfully begotten, or
born in wedlock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The doctrine of Divine Right, which has now come back
to us, like a thief from transportation, under the alias of
<i>Legitimacy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le*git"i*mate</hw> (-m&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>legitimatus</i>, p. p. of <i>legitimare</i> to legitimate, fr. L.
<i>legitimus</i> legitimate. See <u>Legal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Accordant with law or with established legal forms and
requirements; lawful; as, <i>legitimate</i> government;
<i>legitimate</i> rights; the <i>legitimate</i> succession to the
throne; a <i>legitimate</i> proceeding of an officer; a
<i>legitimate</i> heir.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lawfully begotten; born in
wedlock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Authorized; real; genuine; not false,
counterfeit, or spurious; as, <i>legitimate</i> poems of Chaucer;
<i>legitimate</i> inscriptions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Conforming to known principles, or
accepted rules; as, <i>legitimate</i> reasoning; a <i>legitimate</i>
standard, or method; a <i>legitimate</i> combination of
colors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tillotson still keeps his place as a <i>legitimate</i>
English classic.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Following by logical sequence; reasonable;
as, a <i>legitimate</i> result; a <i>legitimate</i>
inference.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*git"i*mate</hw> (-m&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Legitimated</u> (-
m&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Legitimating</u> (-m&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng).] <def>To make
legitimate, lawful, or valid; esp., to put in the position or state
of a legitimate person before the law, by legal means; as, to
<i>legitimate</i> a bastard child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To enact a statute of that which he dares not seem to
approve, even to <i>legitimate</i> vice.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le*git"i*mate*ly</hw> (-m&asl;t*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a legitimate manner; lawfully;
genuinely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*git"i*mate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being legitimate; lawfulness; genuineness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*git`i*ma"tion</hw> (-m&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>l&eacute;gitimation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of making legitimate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The coining or <i>legitimation</i> of
money.</blockquote> <i>East.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lawful birth.</def> [R.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le*git"i*ma*tist</hw>
(l&esl;*j&ibreve;t"&ibreve;*m&adot;*t&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Legitimist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*git"i*ma*tize</hw> (-t&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To legitimate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*git"i*mism</hw> (-m&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The principles or plans of legitimists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*git"i*mist</hw> (-m&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>l&eacute;gitimiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
supports legitimate authority; esp., one who believes in hereditary
monarchy, as a divine right.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a supporter of the claims of
the elder branch of the Bourbon dynasty to the crown of
France.</def></p>

<p><! p. 842 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Le*git"i*mize</hw> (l&esl;*j&ibreve;t"&ibreve;*m&imacr;z),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Legitimized</u> (-m&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Legitimizing</u>.] <def>To legitimate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"less</hw> (l&ebreve;g"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Not having a leg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"go-lit"er*a*ry</hw> (l&emacr;"g&osl;-
l&ibreve;t"&etilde;r*&asl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Legal</u>, and <u>Literary</u>.] <def>Pertaining to the literature
of law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le`gu*le"ian</hw> (l&emacr;`g&usl;*l&emacr;"y<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>leguleius</i> pettifogger, fr.
<i>lex</i>, <i>legis</i>, law.] <def>Lawyerlike; legal.</def> [R.]
"<i>Leguleian</i> barbarism." <i>De Quincey.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lawyer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg"ume</hw> (l&ebreve;g"&usl;m or l&esl;*g&umacr;m"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>l&eacute;gume</i>, L. <i>legumen</i>, fr.
<i>legere</i> to gather. So called because they may be gathered
without cutting. See <u>Legend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A pod dehiscent into two pieces or valves, and having the seed
attached at one suture, as that of the pea.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the latter circumstance, it differs from a
<i>siliqua</i>, in which the seeds are attached to both sutures. In
popular use, a <i>legume</i> is called a <i>pod</i>, or <i>cod</i>;
as, pea <i>pod</i>, or peas <i>cod</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The fruit of leguminous plants,
as peas, beans, lupines; pulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Le*gu"men</hw> (l&esl;*g&umacr;"m&ebreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Legumina</b></plw> (-
m&ibreve;*n&adot;), E. <plw><b>Legumens</b></plw> (-m&ebreve;nz).
[L.] <def>Same as <u>Legume</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*gu"min</hw> (-m&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>l&eacute;gumine</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An albuminous
substance resembling casein, found as a characteristic ingredient of
the seeds of leguminous and grain-bearing plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*gu"mi*nous</hw> (-m&ibreve;*n&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>l&eacute;gumineux</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to pulse; consisting of
pulse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Belonging to, or resembling,
a very large natural order of plants (<i>Leguminos&aelig;</i>), which
bear legumes, including peas, beans, clover, locust trees, acacias,
and mimosas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lei"ger</hw> (l&emacr;"j&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Leger</u>, and <u>Ledger</u>.] <def>See <u>Leger</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lei*ot"ri*chan</hw> (l&isl;*&obreve;t"r&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Leiotrichi.</def> -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Leiotrichi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lei*ot"ri*chi</hw> (-k&imacr;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>lei^os</grk> smooth + <grk>qri`x</grk>,
<grk>tricho`s</grk>, hair.] <i>(Anthropol.)</i> <def>The division of
mankind which embraces the smooth-haired races.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lei*ot"ri*chous</hw> (-k&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Leiotrichi</u>.] <i>(Anthropol.)</i> <def>Having smooth, or nearly
smooth, hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lei*po"a</hw> (l&isl;*p&omacr;"&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Australian gallinaceous
birds including but a single species (<i>Leipoa ocellata</i>), about
the size of a turkey. Its color is variegated, brown, black, white,
and gray. Called also <i>native pheasant</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It makes large mounds of sand and vegetable material, in
which its eggs are laid to be hatched by the heat of the decomposing
mass.</p>

<p><hw>Lei`po*thym"ic</hw> (l&imacr;`p&osl;*th&ibreve;m"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Lipothymic</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Leis"ter</hw>, <hw>Lis"ter</hw> } (l&ibreve;s"t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spear armed with three or more prongs,
for striking fish.</def> [Scotland]</p>

<p><hw>Lei"sur*a*ble</hw> (l&emacr;"zh&usl;r*&adot;*b'l; 135),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Leisure</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Leisurely.</def> [Obs.] <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vacant of employment; not occupied; idle;
leisure; as <i>leisurable</i> hours.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lei"sur*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At
leisure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lei"sure</hw> (l&emacr;"zh&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>leisere</i>, <i>leiser</i>, OF. <i>leisir</i>, F.
<i>loisir</i>, orig., permission, fr. L. <i>licere</i> to be
permitted. See <u>License</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from
occupation or business; vacant time; time free from
employment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The desire of <i>leisure</i> is much more natural than
of business and care.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Time at one's command, free from
engagement; convenient opportunity; hence, convenience;
ease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sighed, and had no <i>leisure</i> more to
say.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At leisure</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Free from
occupation; not busy</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In a leisurely
manner; at a convenient time.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lei"sure</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unemployed; as,
<i>leisure</i> hours.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lei"sured</hw> (l&emacr;"zh&usl;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having leisure.</def> "The <i>leisured</i> classes."
<i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lei"sure*ly</hw> (l&emacr;"zh&usl;r*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by leisure; taking abundant
time; not hurried; as, a <i>leisurely</i> manner; a <i>leisurely</i>
walk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lei"sure*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a leisurely
manner.</def> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Leit"mo*tif"</hw> (l&imacr;t"m&osl;*t&esl;f"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See <i>Leading
motive</i>, under <u>Leading</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Le"man</hw> (l&emacr;"m<i>a</i>n or l&ebreve;m"<i>a</i>n;
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lemman</i>, <i>lefman</i>; AS.
<i>le&oacute;f</i> dear + <i>mann</i> man. See <u>Lief</u>, and
<u>Man</u>.] <def>A sweetheart, of either sex; a gallant, or a
mistress; -- usually in a bad sense.</def> [Archaic] <i>Chaucer.</i>
<i>Spenser.</i> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leme</hw> (l&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>leem</i>,
<i>leme</i>, <i>leam</i>, AS. <i>le&oacute;ma</i> light, brightness;
akin to E. <i>light</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &radic;122.] <def>A ray
or glimmer of light; a gleam.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leme</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lem"ma</hw> (l&ebreve;m"m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Lemmata</b></plw> (-m&adot;*t&adot;), E.
<plw><b>Lemmas</b></plw> (-m&adot;z). [L. <i>lemma</i>, Gr.
<grk>lh^mma</grk> anything received, an assumption or premise taken
for granted, fr. <grk>lamba`nein</grk> to take, assume. Cf.
<u>Syllable</u>.] <def>A preliminary or auxiliary proposition
demonstrated or accepted for immediate use in the demonstration of
some other proposition, as in mathematics or logic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lem"man</hw> (l&ebreve;m"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A leman.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lem"ming</hw> (l&ebreve;m"m&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Nor. <i>lemming</i>, <i>lemende</i>; cf. Sw. <i>lemel</i>, Lapp.
<i>lummik</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of small arctic rodents of the genera <i>Myodes</i> and
<i>Cuniculus</i>, resembling the meadow mice in form. They are found
in both hemispheres.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common Northern European lemming (<i>Myodes lemmus</i>)
is remarkable for making occasional devastating migrations in
enormous numbers from the mountains into the lowlands.</p>

<p><hw>Lem"ni*an</hw> (l&ebreve;m"n&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Lemnius</i>, fr. <i>Lemnus</i>, Gr.
<grk>Lh^mnos</grk>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the isle of
Lemnos.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lemnian bole</b></col>, <col><b>Lemnian earth</b></col>,
<cd>an aluminous earth of a grayish yellow color; sphragide; --
formerly sold as medicine, having astringent properties.</cd> --
<col><b>Lemnian reddle</b></col>, <cd>a reddle of firm consistence
and deep red color; -- used by artificers in coloring.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lem`nis*ca"ta</hw> (l&ebreve;m`n&ibreve;s*k&amacr;"t&adot;),
<hw>Lem*nis"cate</hw> (l&ebreve;m*n&ibreve;s"k&asl;t), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lemniscatus</i> adorned with ribbons, fr.
<i>lemniscus</i> a ribbon hanging down, Gr. <grk>lhmni`skos</grk>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A curve in the form of the figure 8, with both
parts symmetrical, generated by the point in which a tangent to an
equilateral hyperbola meets the perpendicular on it drawn from the
center.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lem*nis"cus</hw> (l&ebreve;m*n&ibreve;s"k&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Lemnisci</b></plw> (-
s&imacr;). [L. See <u>Lemniscata</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of two oval bodies hanging from the interior walls of the body in the
Acanthocephala.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lem"on</hw> (l&ebreve;m"&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>limon</i>, Per. <i>l&imacr;m&umacr;n</i>; cf. Ar.
<i>laim&umacr;n</i>, Sp. <i>limon</i>, It. <i>limone</i>. Cf.
<u>Lime</u> a fruit.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An oval or roundish fruit
resembling the orange, and containing a pulp usually intensely acid.
It is produced by a tropical tree of the genus <i>Citrus</i>, the
common fruit known in commerce being that of the species <i>C.
Limonum</i> or <i>C. Medica</i> (var. <i>Limonum</i>). There are many
varieties of the fruit, some of which are sweet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tree which bears lemons; the lemon
tree.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lemon grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a fragrant East
Indian grass (<i>Andropogon Sh&oelig;nanthus</i>, and perhaps other
allied species), which yields the grass oil used in perfumery.</cd> -
- <col><b>Lemon sole</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a yellow
European sole (<i>Solea aurantiaca</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Salts of
lemon</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white crystalline substance,
inappropriately named, as it consists of an acid potassium oxalate
and contains no citric acid, which is the characteristic acid of
lemon; -- called also <i>salts of sorrel</i>. It is used in removing
ink stains. See <i>Oxalic acid</i>, under <u>Oxalic</u>.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Lem`on*ade"</hw> (l&ebreve;m`&ubreve;n*&amacr;d"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>limonade</i>; cf. Sp. <i>limonada</i>,
It. <i>limonata</i>. See <u>Lemon</u>.] <def>A beverage consisting of
lemon juice mixed with water and sweetened.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"mur</hw> (l&emacr;"m&ubreve;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
ghost, specter. So called on account of its habit of going abroad by
night.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a family
(<i>Lemurid&aelig;</i>) of nocturnal mammals allied to the monkeys,
but of small size, and having a sharp and foxlike muzzle, and large
eyes. They feed upon birds, insects, and fruit, and are mostly
natives of Madagascar and the neighboring islands, one genus
(<i>Galago</i>) occurring in Africa. The slow lemur or kukang of the
East Indies is <i>Nycticebus tardigradus</i>. See <u>Galago</u>,
<u>Indris</u>, and <u>Colugo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lem"u*res</hw> (l&ebreve;m"&usl;*r&emacr;z; E.
l&emacr;"m&umacr;rz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Lemur</u>.]
<def>Spirits or ghosts of the departed; specters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lars and <i>Lemures</i> moan with midnight
plaint.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le*mu"ri*a</hw> (l&esl;*m&umacr;"r&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from the supposition that it was the
original home of the <i>lemurs</i>.] <def>A hypothetical land, or
continent, supposed by some to have existed formerly in the Indian
Ocean, of which Madagascar is a remnant.</def> <i>Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lem"u*rid</hw> (l&ebreve;m"&usl;*r&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Lemuroid</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Le*mu"ri*dous</hw> (l&esl;*m&umacr;"r&ibreve;*d&ubreve;s),
<hw>Lem"u*rine</hw> (l&ebreve;m"&usl;*r&ibreve;n or *r&imacr;n), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Lemuroid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lem"u*roid</hw> (l&ebreve;m"&usl;*roid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Lemur</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or
pertaining to the lemurs or the Lemuroidea.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Lemuroidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lem`u*roi"de*a</hw> (l&ebreve;m`&usl;*roi"d&esl;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Lemur</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of primates, including the
lemurs, the aye-aye, and allied species.</def> [Written also
<i>Lemuroida</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Le"na</hw> (l&emacr;"n&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>A procuress.</def> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lend</hw> (l&ebreve;nd), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lent</u> (l&ebreve;nt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lending</u>.] [OE. <i>lenen</i>, AS.
<i>l&aemacr;nan</i>, fr. <i>l&aemacr;n</i> loan; akin to G.
<i>lehnen</i> to lend. See <u>Loan</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
allow the custody and use of, on condition of the return of the same;
to grant the temporary use of; as, to <i>lend</i> a book; -- opposed
to <i>borrow</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me that ring.<BR>
I'll <i>lend</i> it thee, my dear, but have no power<BR>
To give it from me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To allow the possession and use of, on
condition of the return of an equivalent in kind; as, to <i>lend</i>
money or some article of food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not give him thy money upon usury, nor
<i>lend</i> him thy victuals for increase.</blockquote> <i>Levit.
xxv. 37.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To afford; to grant or furnish in general;
as, to <i>lend</i> assistance; to <i>lend</i> one's name or
influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cato, <i>lend</i> me for a while thy
patience.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mountain lines and distant horizons <i>lend</i> space
and largeness to his compositions.</blockquote> <i>J. A.
Symonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To let for hire or compensation; as, to
<i>lend</i> a horse or gig.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This use of the word is rare in the United States, except
with reference to money.</p>

<p><col><b>To lend a hand</b></col>, <cd>to give assistance; to
help.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To lend</b></col> <col><b>an ear or
one's ears</b></col>, <cd>to give attention.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lend"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such
as can be lent.</def> <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lend"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
lends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The borrower is servant to the <i>lender</i>.
</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxii. 7.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lend"es</hw> (l&ebreve;nd"&ebreve;z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Lends</u>.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lend"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who lends.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is lent or furnished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lends</hw> (l&ebreve;ndz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>lend</i>, <i>lenden</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>lende</i>, OHG.
<i>lenti</i>, Icel. <i>lend</i>, and perh to E. <i>loin</i>.]
<def>Loins.</def> [Obs.] <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lene</hw> (l&emacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lend</u>.] <def>To lend; to grant; to permit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"ne</hw> (l&emacr;"n&esl;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lenis</i> smooth.] <i>(Phonetics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Smooth; as, the <i>lene</i> breathing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Applied to certain mute consonants, as <i>p</i>, <i>k</i>, and
<i>t</i> (or Gr. &pi;, &kappa;, &tau;).</def> <i>W. E. Jelf.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"ne</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phonetics)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The smooth breathing (spiritus lenis).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of the lene consonants, as <i>p</i>,
<i>k</i>, or <i>t</i> (or Gr. &pi;, &kappa;, &tau;).</def> <i>W. E.
Jelf.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Leng"er</hw> (l&ebreve;ng"&etilde;r), <hw>Leng"est</hw> },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Longer; longest; -- obsolete compar. and
superl. of <i>long</i>.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Length</hw> (l&ebreve;ngth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>lengthe</i>, AS. <i>leng&eth;</i>, fr. <i>lang</i>, <i>long</i>,
long; akin to D. <i>lengte</i>, Dan. <i>l&aelig;ngde</i>, Sw.
<i>l&auml;ngd</i>, Icel. <i>lengd</i>. See <u>Long</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The longest, or
longer, dimension of any object, in distinction from <i>breadth</i>
or <i>width</i>; extent of anything from end to end; the longest line
which can be drawn through a body, parallel to its sides; as, the
<i>length</i> of a church, or of a ship; the <i>length</i> of a rope
or line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A portion of space or of time considered
as measured by its length; -- often in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Large <i>lengths</i> of seas and shores.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The future but a <i>length</i> behind the
past.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being long, in
space or time; extent; duration; as, some sea birds are remarkable
for the <i>length</i> of their wings; he was tired by the
<i>length</i> of the sermon, and the <i>length</i> of his
walk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A single piece or subdivision of a series,
or of a number of long pieces which may be connected together; as, a
<i>length</i> of pipe; a <i>length</i> of fence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Detail or amplification; unfolding;
continuance as, to pursue a subject to a great
<i>length</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>May Heaven, great monarch, still augment your
bliss<BR>
With <i>length</i> of days, and every day like this.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Distance.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He had marched to the <i>length</i> of
Exeter.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At length</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>At or in the
full extent; without abbreviation; as, let the name be inserted <i>at
length</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>At the end or conclusion;
after a long period. See <u>Syn.</u> of <i>At last</i>, under
<u>Last</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>At arm's length</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Arm</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Length</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lengthen.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Length"en</hw> (-'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lengthened</u> (-'nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lengthening</u> (-'n*&ibreve;ng).] <def>To extent in
length; to make longer in extent or duration; as, to <i>lengthen</i>
a line or a road; to <i>lengthen</i> life; -- sometimes followed by
<i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What if I please to <i>lengthen</i> out his
date.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Length"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
longer.</def> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Length"ful</hw> (-f&usd;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Long.</def> [Obs.] <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Length"i*ly</hw> (-&ibreve;*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a lengthy manner; at great length or extent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Length"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being lengthy; prolixity.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Length"ways`</hw> (-w&amacr;z`), <hw>Length"wise`</hw> (-
w&imacr;z`), } <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the direction of the
length; in a longitudinal direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Length"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Lengthier</u> (-&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Lengthiest</u>.] <def>Having length;
rather long or too long; prolix; not brief; -- said chiefly of
discourses, writings, and the like.</def> "<i>Lengthy</i> periods."
<i>Washington.</i> "Some <i>lengthy</i> additions." <i>Byron.</i>
"These would be details too <i>lengthy</i>." <i>Jefferson.</i> "To
cut short <i>lengthy</i> explanations." <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Le"ni*ence</hw> (l&emacr;"n&ibreve;*<i>e</i>ns or
l&emacr;n"y<i>e</i>ns; 106), <hw>Le"ni*en*cy</hw>
(l&emacr;"n&ibreve;*<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve; or
l&emacr;n"y<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being lenient; lenity; clemency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"ni*ent</hw> (l&emacr;"n&ibreve;*<i>e</i>nt or
l&emacr;n"y<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>leniens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>lenire</i> to soften, fr. <i>lenis</i> soft,
mild. Cf. <u>Lithe</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relaxing; emollient; softening; assuasive;
-- sometimes followed by <i>of</i>.</def> "<i>Lenient</i> of grief."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of  relax the fibers, are <i>lenient</i>,
balsamic.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Time, that on all things lays his <i>lenient</i>
hand.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mild; clement; merciful; not rigorous or
severe; as, a <i>lenient</i> disposition; a <i>lenient</i> judge or
sentence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"ni*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
lenitive; an emollient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"ni*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lenient
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len"i*fy</hw> (l&ebreve;n"&ibreve;*f&imacr;), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [L. <i>lenis</i> soft, mild + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F.
<i>l&eacute;nifier</i>.] <def>To assuage; to soften; to mitigate; to
alleviate.</def> <i>Bacon.</i> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Len"i*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lenimentum</i>: cf. OF. <i>leniment</i>. See <u>Lenient</u>.]
<def>An assuasive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Len"i*tive</hw> (-t&ibreve;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>l&eacute;nitif</i>. See <u>Lenient</u>.] <def>Having the quality
of softening or mitigating, as pain or acrimony; assuasive;
emollient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>l&eacute;nitif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A medicine or application that has the
quality of easing pain or protecting from the action of
irritants.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A mild purgative; a
laxative.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which softens or mitigates; that
which tends to allay passion, excitement, or pain; a
palliative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is one sweet <i>lenitive</i> at least for evils,
which Nature holds out; so I took it kindly at her hands, and fell
asleep.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Len"i*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being lenitive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len"i*tude</hw> (-t&umacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lenitudo</i>.] <def>The quality or habit of being lenient;
lenity.</def> [Obs.] <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Len"i*ty</hw> (-t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lenitas</i>, fr. <i>lenis</i> soft, mild: cf. OF.
<i>lenit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Lenient</u>.] <def>The state or quality
of being lenient; mildness of temper or disposition; gentleness of
treatment; softness; tenderness; clemency; -- opposed to
<i>severity</i> and <i>rigor</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His exceeding <i>lenity</i> disposes us to be somewhat
too severe.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gentleness; kindness; tenderness; softness;
humanity; clemency; mercy.</p>

<p><hw>Len`ni-Len*a"pe</hw> (l&ebreve;n`n&ibreve;-
l&ebreve;n*&auml;"p&asl;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>A general name for a group of Algonquin tribes which formerly
occupied the coast region of North America from Connecticut to
Virginia. They included the Mohicans, Delawares, Shawnees, and
several other tribes.</def></p>

<p><! p. 843 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Le"no</hw> (l&emacr;"n&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>leno</i> weak, flexible.] <def>A light open cotton fabric used for
window curtains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*noc"i*nant</hw> (l&esl;*n&obreve;s"&ibreve;*n<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lenocinans</i>, p. pr. of
<i>lenocinari</i> to pander, cajole; akin to <i>leno</i> pimp.]
<def>Given to lewdness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lens</hw> (l&ebreve;nz), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lenses</b></plw> (-&ebreve;z). [L. <i>lens</i> a lentil. So
named from the resemblance in shape of a double convex lens to the
seed of a lentil. Cf. <u>Lentil</u>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A piece of
glass, or other transparent substance, ground with two opposite
regular surfaces, either both curved, or one curved and the other
plane, and commonly used, either singly or combined, in optical
instruments, for changing the direction of rays of light, and thus
magnifying objects, or otherwise modifying vision. In practice, the
curved surfaces are usually spherical, though rarely cylindrical, or
of some other figure.</def></p>

<p><figure><figtitle>Lenses</figtitle></figure></p>

<p>&fist; Of spherical lenses, there are six varieties, as shown in
section in the figures herewith given: viz., <i>a</i> plano-concave;
<i>b</i> double-concave; <i>c</i> plano-convex; <i>d</i> double-
convex; <i>e</i> converging concavo-convex, or converging meniscus;
<i>f</i> diverging concavo-convex, or diverging meniscus.</p>

<p><col><b>Crossed lens</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>a double-convex
lens with one radius equal to six times the other.</cd> --
<col><b>Crystalline lens</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Eye</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fresnel lens</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>,
<cd>a compound lens formed by placing around a central convex lens
rings of glass so curved as to have the same focus; used, especially
in lighthouses, for concentrating light in a particular direction; --
so called from the inventor.</cd> -- <col><b>Multiplying</b></col>
<col><b>lens or glass</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>a lens one side of
which is plane and the other convex, but made up of a number of plane
faces inclined to one another, each of which presents a separate
image of the object viewed through it, so that the object is, as it
were, multiplied.</cd> -- <col><b>Polyzonal lens</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Polyzonal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lent</hw> (l&ebreve;nt), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Lend</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lente</i>,
<i>lenten</i>, <i>leynte</i>, AS. <i>lengten</i>, <i>lencten</i>,
spring, lent, akin to D. <i>lente</i>, OHG. <i>lenzin</i>,
<i>langiz</i>, G. <i>lenz</i>, and perh. fr. AS. <i>lang</i> long, E.
<i>long</i>, because at this season of the year the days lengthen.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A fast of forty days, beginning with Ash
Wednesday and continuing till Easter, observed by some Christian
churches as commemorative of the fast of our Savior.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lent lily</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the daffodil; -- so
named from its blossoming in spring.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lentus</i>; akin to
<i>lenis</i> soft, mild: cf. F. <i>lent</i>. See <u>Lenient</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Slow; mild; gentle; as, <i>lenter</i>
heats.</def> [Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See <u>Lento</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Len`ta*men"te</hw> (l&asl;n`t&adot;*m&asl;n"t&asl;; E.
l&ebreve;n`t&adot;*m&ebreve;n"t&esl;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Slowly; in slow time.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Len*tan"do</hw> (l&asl;n*t&auml;n"d&osl;; E.
l&ebreve;n*t&abreve;n"d&osl;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., p. pr. of
<i>lentare</i> to make slow. See <u>Lent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Slackening; retarding. Same as
<u>Rallentando</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lent"en</hw> (l&ebreve;nt"'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Lent.</def> [Obs.] <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lent"en</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From OE. <i>lenten</i>
lent. See <u>Lent</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the fast called Lent; used in, or suitable
to, Lent; as, the <i>Lenten</i> season.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She quenched her fury at the flood,<BR>
And with a <i>Lenten</i> salad cooled her blood.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spare; meager; plain; somber;
unostentatious; not abundant or showy.</def> "<i>Lenten</i>
entertainment." " <i>Lenten</i> answer." <i>Shak.</i> " <i>Lenten</i>
suit." <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lenten color</b></col>, <cd>black or violet.</cd> <i>F. G.
Lee.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lent"en*tide`</hw> (-t&imacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The season of Lenten or Lent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len"ti*cel</hw> (l&ebreve;n"t&ibreve;*s&ebreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lenticelle</i>, dim. fr. L. <i>lens</i>,
<i>lentis</i>, a lentil. Cf. <u>Lentil</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the small, oval, rounded spots upon
the stem or branch of a plant, from which the underlying tissues may
protrude or roots may issue, either in the air, or more commonly when
the stem or branch is covered with water or earth.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small, lens-shaped gland on the under side
of some leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len`ti*cel"late</hw>
(l&ebreve;n`t&ibreve;*s&ebreve;l"l&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing lenticels; dotted with
lenticels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len`ti*celle"</hw> (l&ebreve;n`t&ibreve;*s&ebreve;l"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Lenticel.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Len*tic"u*la</hw> (l&ebreve;n*t&ibreve;k"&usl;*l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Lenticulas</b></plw> (-
l&adot;z), L. <plw><b>Lenticul&aelig;</b></plw> (-l&emacr;). [L. See
<u>Lenticel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of
eruption upon the skin; lentigo; freckle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A lens of small
size.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A lenticel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len*tic"u*lar</hw> (-l&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lenticularis</i>: cf. F. <i>lenticulaire</i>. See
<u>Lenticel</u>.] <def>Resembling a lentil in size or form; having
the form of a double-convex lens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len*tic"u*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of a lens; with a curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len"ti*form</hw> (l&ebreve;n"t&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lens</i>, <i>lentis</i>, lentil + <i>-
form</i>: cf. F. <i>lentiforme</i>.] <def>Lenticular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len*tig"i*nose`</hw>
(l&ebreve;n*t&ibreve;j"&ibreve;*n&omacr;s`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Lentiginous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing numerous dots
resembling freckles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len*tig"i*nous</hw> (-n&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lentiginosus</i>. See <u>Lentigo</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
lentigo; freckly; scurfy; furfuraceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Len*ti"go</hw> (l&ebreve;n*t&imacr;"g&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>lens</i>, <i>lentis</i>, lentil.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A freckly eruption on the skin;
freckles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len"til</hw> (l&ebreve;n"t&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>lentille</i>, fr. L. <i>lenticula</i>, dim. of <i>lens</i>,
<i>lentis</i>, lentil. Cf. <u>Lens</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
leguminous plant of the genus <i>Ervum</i> (<i>Ervum Lens</i>), of
small size, common in the fields in Europe. Also, its seed, which is
used for food on the continent.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>lentil</i> of the Scriptures probably included
several other vetchlike plants.</p>

<p><col><b>Lentil shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
bivalve shell of the genus <i>Ervillia</i>, family
<i>Tellinid&aelig;</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Len*tis"cus</hw> (l&ebreve;n*t&ibreve;s"k&ubreve;s),
<hw>Len"tisk</hw> (l&ebreve;n"t&ibreve;sk), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>lentiscus</i>, <i>lentiscum</i>: cf. F. <i>lentisque</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree; the mastic. See <u>Mastic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len"ti*tude</hw> (l&ebreve;n"t&ibreve;*t&umacr;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lentitudo</i>, fr. <i>lentus</i> slow:
cf. OF. <i>lentitude</i>. See <u>Lent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Slowness; sluggishness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Len"to</hw> (l&asl;n"t&osl;; E. l&ebreve;n"t&osl;),
<pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Slow; in slow
time; slowly; -- rarely written <i>lente</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Len"toid</hw> (l&ebreve;n"toid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Lens</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Having the form of a lens; lens-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Len"tor</hw> (-t&obreve;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>lentus</i> pliant, tough, slow. See <u>Lent</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tenacity; viscidity, as
of fluids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slowness; delay; sluggishness.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Len"tous</hw> (-t&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lentus</i>. See <u>Lentor</u>.] <def>Viscid; viscous;
tenacious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spawn of a <i>lentous</i> and transparent
body.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||L'en`voi"</hw>, <i>or</i> <hw>L'en`voy"</hw>
(l&auml;n`vw&auml;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>le</i> the +
<i>envoi</i> a sending. See <u>Envoy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One or more detached verses at the end of a literary
composition, serving to convey the moral, or to address the poem to a
particular person; -- orig. employed in old French poetry.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A conclusion; a result.</def>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Le"o</hw> (l&emacr;"&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Lion</u>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The Lion, the
fifth sign of the zodiac, marked thus [&Leo;] in almanacs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A northern constellation east of Cancer,
containing the bright star Regulus at the end of the handle of the
Sickle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Leo Minor</b></col>, <cd>a small constellation between Leo
and the Great Bear.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Le"od</hw> (l&emacr;"&obreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>le&oacute;d</i> people, nation, man, chief; akin to OS.
<i>liud</i>, OHG. <i>liut</i>, pl. <i>liuti</i>, G. <i>leute</i>,
pl., fr. AS. <i>le&oacute;dan</i> to grow, akin to Goth.
<i>liudan</i>, OS. <i>liodan</i>, <i>OHG</i>. <i>liotan</i> to grow;
cf. Skr. <i>ruh</i>. &radic;123.] <def>People; a nation; a man.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Piers Plowman.</i> <i>Bp. Gibson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"on</hw> (l&emacr;"&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
lion.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"onced</hw> (l&emacr;"&obreve;nst), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>See <u>Lionced</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le`o*nese"</hw> (l&emacr;`&osl;*n&emacr;z" <i>or</i> -
n&emacr;s"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Leon, in
Spain.</def> -- <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>A native or
natives of Leon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"o*nid</hw> (l&emacr;"&osl;*n&ibreve;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Leo</u>: cf. F. <i>l&eacute;onides</i>,
pl.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the shooting stars which constitute
the star shower that recurs near the fourteenth of November at
intervals of about thirty-three years; -- so called because these
shooting stars appear on the heavens to move in lines directed from
the constellation Leo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"o*nine</hw> (l&emacr;"&osl;*n&imacr;n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>leoninus</i>, fr. <i>leo</i>,
<i>leonis</i>, lion: cf. F. <i>l&eacute;onin</i>. See <u>Lion</u>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the lion; as, a
<i>leonine</i> look; <i>leonine</i> rapacity.</def> --
<wf>Le"o*nine*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Leonine verse</b></col>, <cd>a kind of verse, in which the
end of the line rhymes with the middle; -- so named from <i>Leo</i>,
or <i>Leoninus</i>, a Benedictine and canon of Paris in the twelfth
century, who wrote largely in this measure, though he was not the
inventor. The following line is an example:</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Gloria <i>factorum</i> temere conceditur
<i>horum</i>.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Le*on"to*don</hw> (l&esl;*&obreve;n"t&osl;*d&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>le`wn</grk>, <grk>le`ontos</grk>, lion
+ <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, tooth. Cf. <u>Lion's-
tooth</u>, <u>Dandelion</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
liguliflorous composite plants, including the fall dandelion (<i>L.
autumnale</i>), and formerly the true dandelion; -- called also
<i>lion's tooth</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leop"ard</hw> (l&ebreve;p"&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>leopart</i>, <i>leparde</i>, <i>lebarde</i>, <i>libbard</i>,
OF. <i>leopard</i>, <i>liepart</i>, F. <i>l&eacute;opard</i>, L.
<i>leopardus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>leo`pardos</grk>; <grk>le`wn</grk>
lion + <grk>pa`rdos</grk> pard. See <u>Lion</u>, and <u>Pard</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, savage, carnivorous mammal
(<i>Felis leopardus</i>). It is of a yellow or fawn color, with rings
or roselike clusters of black spots along the back and sides. It is
found in Southern Asia and Africa. By some the panther (<i>Felis
pardus</i>) is regarded as a variety of leopard.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hunting leopard</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Cheetah</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Leopard cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>any one of
several species or varieties of small, spotted cats found in Africa,
Southern Asia, and the East Indies; esp., <i>Felis
Bengalensis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Leopard marmot</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Gopher</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Leop"ard's bane`</hw> (l&ebreve;p"&etilde;rdz b&amacr;n`).
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name of several harmless plants, as <i>Arnica
montana</i>, <i>Senecio Doronicum</i>, and <i>Paris
quadrifolia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leop"ard*wood`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Letterwood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep</hw> (l&ebreve;p), obs.  <pos><i>strong imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Leap</u>. <def>Leaped.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lep"a*dite</hw> (-&adot;*d&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lepas</i>, <i>lepadis</i>, limpet, Gr. <grk>lepa`s</grk>,
<grk>lepa`dos</grk>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Lepadoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep"a*doid</hw> (-&adot;*doid), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Lepas</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A stalked
barnacle of the genus Lepas, or family <i>Lepadid&aelig;</i>; a goose
barnacle. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep"al</hw> (l&ebreve;p"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>lepi`s</grk> a scale: cf. F. <i>l&eacute;pale</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A sterile transformed stamen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Le"pas</hw> (l&emacr;"p&abreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
a limpet, fr. Gr. <grk>lepa`s</grk>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of various species of <i>Lepas</i>, a genus of pedunculated
barnacles found attached to floating timber, bottoms of ships, Gulf
weed, etc.; -- called also <i>goose barnacle</i>. See
<u>Barnacle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep"er</hw> (l&ebreve;p"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>lepre</i> leprosy, F. <i>l&egrave;pre</i>, L. <i>leprae</i>,
<i>lepra</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>le`pra</grk>, fr. <grk>lepro`s</grk>
scaly, fr. <grk>le`pos</grk> scale, <grk>le`pein</grk> to peel.]
<def>A person affected with leprosy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep"ered</hw> (-&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Affected or tainted with leprosy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep"er*ize</hw> (l&ebreve;p"&etilde;r*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To affect with leprosy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep"er*ous</hw> (-&etilde;r*&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Leprous; infectious; corrupting; poisonous.</def> "The
<i>leperous</i> distillment." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lep"id</hw> (-&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lepidus</i>.] <def>Pleasant; jocose.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The joyous and <i>lepid</i> consul.</blockquote>
<i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lep"i*dine</hw> (l&ebreve;p"&ibreve;*d&ibreve;n <i>or</i>
*d&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An organic
base, C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>6</sub>.N.CH<sub>3</sub>, metameric with
quinaldine, and obtained by the distillation of cinchonine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep`i*do*den"drid</hw>
(l&ebreve;p`&ibreve;*d&osl;*d&ebreve;n"dr&ibreve;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of an extinct family
of trees allied to the modern club mosses, and including
Lepidodendron and its allies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep`i*do*den"droid</hw> (-droid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Allied to, or resembling, Lepidodendron.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lepidodendrid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lep`i*do*den"dron</hw> (-dr&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>lepi`s</grk> <grk>-i`dos</grk>, a scale +
<grk>de`ndron</grk> tree.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of fossil
trees of the Devonian and Carboniferous ages, having the exterior
marked with scars, mostly in quincunx order, produced by the
separation of the leafstalks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep`i*do*ga"noid</hw>
(l&ebreve;p`&ibreve;*d&osl;*g&amacr;"noid <i>or</i> -g&abreve;n"oid),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>lepi`s</grk> <grk>-i`dos</grk>, a
scale + E. <i>ganoid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of a
division (<i>Lepidoganoidei</i>) of ganoid fishes, including those
that have scales forming a coat of mail. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*pid"o*lite</hw> (l&esl;*p&ibreve;d"&osl;*l&imacr;t; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>lepi`s</grk> <grk>-i`dos</grk>, a
scale + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>l&eacute;pidolithe</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A species of mica, of a lilac or rose-violet
color, containing lithia. It usually occurs in masses consisting of
small scales. See <u>Mica</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep`i*dom"e*lane</hw>
(l&ebreve;p`&ibreve;*d&obreve;m"&esl;*l&amacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>lepi`s</grk> <grk>-i`dos</grk>, a
scale + <grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>me`laina</grk>, black.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>An iron-potash mica, of a raven-black color, usually found in
granitic rocks in small six-sided tables, or as an aggregation of
minute opaque scales. See <u>Mica</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep`i*dop"ter</hw>
(l&ebreve;p`&ibreve;*d&obreve;p"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>l&eacute;pidopt&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Lepidoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lep`i*dop"te*ra</hw> (-d&obreve;p"t&esl;*r&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>lepi`s</grk> <grk>-
i`dos</grk>, a scale + <grk>ptero`n</grk> a feather, wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of insects, which includes the
butterflies and moths. They have broad wings, covered with minute
overlapping scales, usually brightly colored.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have a tubular proboscis, or haustellum, formed by the
two slender maxill&aelig;. The labial palpi are usually large, and
the proboscis, when not in use, can be coiled up spirally between
them. The mandibles are rudimentary. The larv&aelig;, called
<i>caterpillars</i>, are often brightly colored, and they commonly
feed on leaves. The adults feed chiefly on the honey of flowers.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Lep`i*dop"ter*al</hw> (-t&etilde;r*<i>a</i>l),
<hw>Lep`i*dop"ter*ous</hw> (-&ubreve;s), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Lepidoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep`i*dop"ter*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One who studies the Lepidoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lep`i*do*sau"ri*a</hw> (-d&osl;*s&add;"r&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>lepi`s</grk> <grk>-
i`dos</grk>, a scale + <grk>say^ros</grk> a lizard.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of reptiles, including the
serpents and lizards; the Plagiotremata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep`i*do*si"ren</hw> (-s&imacr;"r&ebreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>lepi`s</grk> <grk>-i`dos</grk>, a
scale + <grk>seirh`n</grk> a siren.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An eel-
shaped ganoid fish of the order Dipnoi, having both gills and lungs.
It inhabits the rivers of South America. The name is also applied to
a related African species (<i>Protopterus annectens</i>). The
lepidosirens grow to a length of from four to six feet. Called also
<i>doko</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lep"i*dote</hw> (l&ebreve;p"&ibreve;*d&omacr;t),
<hw>Lep"i*do`ted</hw> (-d&omacr;`t&ebreve;d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>lepidwto`s</grk> covered with scales, fr. <grk>lepi`s</grk>
<grk>-i`dos</grk>, a scale.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a coat of
scurfy scales, as the leaves of the oleaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Le*pis"ma</hw> (l&esl;*p&ibreve;z"m&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>le`pisma</grk> peel, fr.
<grk>lepi`s</grk> <grk>-i`dos</grk>, a scale.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of wingless thysanurous insects having an elongated
flattened body, covered with shining scales and terminated by seven
unequal bristles. A common species (<i>Lepisma saccharina</i>) is
found in houses, and often injures books and furniture. Called also
<i>shiner</i>, <i>silver witch</i>, <i>silver moth</i>, and
<i>furniture bug</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*pis"moid</hw> (-moid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lepisma</i>
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
Lepisma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep"o*rine</hw> (l&ebreve;p"&osl;*r&imacr;n <i>or</i> -
r&ibreve;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>leporinus</i>, fr.
<i>lepus</i>, <i>leporis</i>, hare. See <u>Leveret</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a hare; like or
characteristic of, a hare.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Le"pra</hw> (l&emacr;"pr&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
See <u>Leper</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Leprosy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>lepra</i> was formerly given to various skin
diseases, the leprosy of modern authors being <i>Lepra Arabum</i>.
See <u>Leprosy</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 844 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Lep"re</hw> (l&ebreve;p"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Leprosy.</def>[Obs.] <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lep"rose`</hw> (l&ebreve;p"r&omacr;s`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Leprous</u>.] <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Covered with thin,
scurfy scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*pros"i*ty</hw> (l&esl;*pr&obreve;s"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality of being leprous or
scaly; also, a scale.</def> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lep"ro*sy</hw> (l&ebreve;p"r&osl;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Leprous</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
cutaneous disease which first appears as blebs or as reddish,
shining, slightly prominent spots, with spreading edges. These are
often followed by an eruption of dark or yellowish prominent nodules,
frequently producing great deformity. In one variety of the disease,
an&aelig;sthesia of the skin is a prominent symptom. In addition
there may be wasting of the muscles, falling out of the hair and
nails, and distortion of the hands and feet with destruction of the
bones and joints. It is incurable, and is probably
contagious.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The disease now called leprosy, also designated as
<i>Lepra</i> or <i>Lepra Arabum</i>, and <i>Elephantiasis
Gr&aelig;corum</i>, is not the same as the leprosy of the ancients.
The latter was, indeed, a generic name for many varieties of skin
disease (including our modern leprosy, psoriasis, etc.), some of
which, among the Hebrews, rendered a person ceremonially unclean. A
variety of leprosy of the Hebrews (probably identical with modern
leprosy) was characterized by the presence of smooth, shining,
depressed white patches or scales, the hair on which participated in
the whiteness, while the skin and adjacent flesh became insensible.
It was an incurable disease.</p>

<p><hw>Lep"rous</hw> (-r&umacr;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>leprous</i>, <i>lepros</i>, F. <i>l&eacute;preux</i>, fr. L.
<i>leprosus</i>, fr. <i>lepra</i>, <i>leprae</i>, leprosy. See
<u>Leper</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Infected with leprosy; pertaining to or
resembling leprosy.</def> "His hand was <i>leprous</i> as snow."
<i>Ex. iv. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Leprose.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Lep"rous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lep"rous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lep"ry</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Leprosy.</def> [Obs.] <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lep"ti*form</hw> (-t&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Leptus</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a
form somewhat like leptus; -- said of active insect larv&aelig;
having three pairs of legs. See <u>Larva</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lep`to*car"di*a</hw>
(l&ebreve;p`t&osl;*k&auml;r"d&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>lepto`s</grk> small +
<grk>kardi`a</grk> the heart.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lowest
class of Vertebrata, including only the Amphioxus. The heart is
represented only by a simple pulsating vessel. The blood is
colorless; the brain, renal organs, and limbs are wanting, and the
backbone is represented only by a simple, unsegmented notochord. See
<u>Amphioxus</u>.</def> [Written also <i>Leptocardii</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lep`to*car"di*an</hw> (-<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<u>Leptocardia</u>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Leptocardia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep`to*dac"tyl</hw> (-d&abreve;k"t&ibreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>lepto`s</grk> small, thin +
<grk>da`ktylos</grk> finger, toe.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird or
other animal having slender toes.</def> [Written also
<i>lepodactyle</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lep`to*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (-&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having slender toes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep*tol"o*gy</hw> (l&ebreve;p*t&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>leptologi`a</grk>; <grk>lepto`s</grk>
small, subtile + <grk>lo`gos</grk> discourse.] <def>A minute and
tedious discourse on trifling things.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lep`to*men`in*gi"tis</hw>
(l&ebreve;p`t&osl;*m&ebreve;n`&ibreve;n*j&imacr;"t&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>lepto`s</grk> small +
<i>meningitis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the <i>pia
mater</i> or of the arachnoid membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep"to*rhine</hw> (l&ebreve;p"t&osl;*r&imacr;n or
*r&ibreve;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>lepto`s</grk> small +
<grk>"ri`s</grk>, <grk>"rino`s</grk>, the nose.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having the nose narrow; -- said esp. of the skull. Opposed to
<i>platyrhine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lep*tos"tra*ca</hw>
(l&ebreve;p*t&obreve;s"tr&adot;*k&adot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>lepto`s</grk> thin, slender +
<grk>'o`strakon</grk> shell of a testacean.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of Crustacea, including Nebalia and allied
forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lep"to*thrix</hw> (l&ebreve;p"t&osl;*thr&ibreve;ks),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>lepto`s</grk> small +
<grk>qri`x</grk> hair.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A genus of bacteria,
characterized by having their filaments very long, slender, and
indistinctly articulated.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lep"to*thrix</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Leptothrix</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having
the form of a little chain; -- applied to bacteria when, as in
multiplication by fission, they form a chain of filiform
individuals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lep"tus</hw> (l&ebreve;p"t&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., from Gr. <grk>lepto`s</grk> thin, small.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The six-legged young, or larva, of certain mites; -- sometimes
used as a generic name. See <i>Harvest mite</i>, under
<u>Harvest</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lep"ty*nite</hw> (l&ebreve;p"t&ibreve;*n&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Granulite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lere</hw> (l&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lore</u>
knowledge.] <def>Learning; lesson; lore.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lere</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>leeren</i>,
<i>leren</i>, AS. <i>l&aemacr;ran</i>. See <u>Lore</u>,
<u>Learn</u>.] <def>To learn; to teach.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lere</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Empty.</def> [Obs.] See
<u>Leer</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lira</i> flesh; cf.
Icel. <i>l&aelig;r</i> thigh.] <def>Flesh; skin.</def> [Obs.] "His
white <i>leer</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ler"ed</hw> (l&emacr;r"&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>lere</i>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Learned.</def> [Obs.] "
Lewed man or <i>lered</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ler*n&aelig;"a</hw> (l&etilde;r*n&emacr;"&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>Lernaeus</i> Lern&aelig;an, fr.
<i>Lerna</i>, Gr. <grk>Le`rnh</grk>, a forest and marsh near Argos,
the mythological abode of the hydra.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
Linn&aelig;an genus of parasitic Entomostraca, -- the same as the
family <i>Lern&aelig;id&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The genus is restricted by modern zo&ouml;logists to a
limited number of species similar to <i>Lern&aelig;a branchialis</i>
found on the gills of the cod.</p>

<p><hw>||Ler`n&aelig;*a"ce*a</hw>
(l&etilde;r`n&esl;*&amacr;"sh&esl;*&adot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>Lern&aelig;a</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of
copepod Crustacea, including a large number of remarkable forms,
mostly parasitic on fishes. The young, however, are active and swim
freely. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ler*ne"an</hw> (l&etilde;r*n&emacr;"<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lern&aelig;a</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a family (<i>Lern&aelig;id&aelig;</i>) of parasitic
Crustacea found attached to fishes and other marine animals. Some
species penetrate the skin and flesh with the elongated head, and
feed on the viscera. See <i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||L&eacute;`rot"</hw> (l&asl;`r&osl;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small European rodent (<i>Eliomys
nitela</i>), allied to the dormouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Les</hw> (l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
leash.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Les"bi*an</hw> (l&ebreve;s"b&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the island anciently
called <i>Lesbos</i>, now Mitylene, in the Grecian
Archipelago.</def><BR>
</p>

<p><hw>Lese</hw> (l&emacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
lose.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lese`-maj"es*ty</hw> (-m&abreve;j"&ebreve;s*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Leze majesty</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"sion</hw> (l&emacr;"zh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>l&eacute;sion</i>, L. <i>laesio</i>, fr. <i>laedere</i>,
<i>laesum</i>, to hurt, injure.] <def>A hurt; an injury.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>Loss
sustained from failure to fulfill a bargain or contract.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any morbid
change in the exercise of functions or the texture of organs.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>-less</hw> (-l&ebreve;s). [AS. <i>le&aacute;s</i> loose,
false; akin to OS. <i>l&omacr;s</i> loose, false, D. <i>los</i>
loose, <i>loos</i> false, sly, G. <i>los</i> loose, Icel.
<i>lauss</i> loose, vacant, Goth. <i>laus</i> empty, vain, and also
to E. <i>loose</i>, <i>lose</i>. &radic;127. See <u>Lose</u>, and cf.
<u>Loose</u>, <u>Leasing</u>.] <def>A privative adjective suffix,
denoting <i>without</i>, <i>destitute of</i>, <i>not having</i>; as
wit<i>less</i>, child<i>less</i>, father<i>less</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Less</hw> (l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos>
<def>Unless.</def> [Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lesse</i>, AS.
<i>l&aemacr;ssa</i>; akin to OFries. <i>l&emacr;ssa</i>; a compar.
from a lost positive form. Cf. <u>Lesser</u>, <u>Lest</u>,
<u>Least</u>. <i>Less</i> has the sense of the comparative degree of
<i>little</i>.] <def>Smaller; not so large or great; not so much;
shorter; inferior; as, a <i>less</i> quantity or number; a horse of
<i>less</i> size or value; in <i>less</i> time than before.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The substantive which <i>less</i> qualifies is often
omitted; as, the purse contained <i>less</i> (money) than ten
dollars. See <u>Less</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus in <i>less</i> [time] than a hundred years from
the coming of Augustine, all England became Christian.</blockquote>
<i>E. A. Freeman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Less</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>l&aemacr;s</i>. See
<u>Less</u>, <pos><i>adj.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Lest</u>.] <def>Not
so much; in a smaller or lower degree; as, <i>less</i> bright or
loud; <i>less</i> beautiful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Less</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
smaller portion or quantity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The children of Israel did so, and gathered, some
more, some <i>less</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xvi. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The inferior, younger, or
smaller.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>less</i> is blessed of the better.</blockquote>
<i>Heb. vii. 7. </i></p>

<p><hw>Less</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make less; to
lessen.</def> [Obs.] <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Les*see"</hw> (l&ebreve;s*s&emacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>laiss&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>laisser</i>. See <u>Lease</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The person to whom a lease
is given, or who takes an estate by lease.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Less"en</hw> (l&ebreve;s"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lessened</u> (-'nd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Lessening</u>.] [From <u>Less</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To make less; to reduce; to make smaller,
or fewer; to diminish; to lower; to degrade; as, to <i>lessen</i> a
kingdom, or a population; to <i>lessen</i> speed, rank,
fortune.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Charity . . . shall <i>lessen</i> his
punishment.</blockquote> <i>Calamy.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>St. Paul chose to magnify his office when ill men
conspired to <i>lessen</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To diminish; reduce; abate; decrease; lower;
impair; weaken; degrade.</p>

<p><hw>Less"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become less; to
shrink; to contract; to decrease; to be diminished; as, the apparent
magnitude of objects <i>lessens</i> as we recede from them; his care,
or his wealth, <i>lessened</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The objection <i>lessens</i> much, and comes to no
more than this: there was one witness of no good
reputation.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Less"en*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, lessens.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His wife . . . is the <i>lessener</i> of his pain, and
the augmenter of his pleasure.</blockquote> <i>J. Rogers (1839).
</i></p>

<p><hw>Less"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [This word is
formed by adding anew the compar. suffix <i>-er</i> (in which
<i>r</i> is from an original <i>s</i>) to <i>less</i>. See
<u>Less</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Less; smaller;
inferior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God made . . . the <i>lesser</i> light to rule the
night.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 15.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Lesser</i> is used for <i>less</i>, now the compar. of
<i>little</i>, in certain special instances in which its employment
has become established by custom; as, <i>Lesser</i> Asia (i. e., Asia
Minor), the <i>lesser</i> light, and some others; also in poetry, for
the sake of the meter, and in prose where its use renders the passage
more euphonious.</p>

<p><blockquote>The more my prayer, the <i>lesser</i> is my
grace.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The larger here, and there the <i>lesser</i>
lambs.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By the same reason may a man, in the state of nature,
punish the <i>lesser</i> breaches of the law.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Less"er</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Less.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Les"ses</hw> (l&ebreve;s"s&ebreve;z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[F. <i>laiss&eacute;es</i>, from <i>laisser</i> to leave. See
<u>Lease</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The leavings or dung of
beasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Les"son</hw> (l&ebreve;s"s'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>lessoun</i>, F. <i>le&ccedil;on</i> lesson, reading, fr. L.
<i>lectio</i> a reading, fr. <i>legere</i> to read, collect. See
<u>Legend</u>, and cf. <u>Lection</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything read or recited to a teacher by a pupil or learner;
something, as a portion of a book, assigned to a pupil to be studied
or learned at one time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is learned or taught by an
express effort; instruction derived from precept, experience,
observation, or deduction; a precept; a doctrine; as, to take or give
a <i>lesson</i> in drawing.</def>" A smooth and pleasing
<i>lesson</i>." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Emprinteth well this <i>lesson</i> in your
mind.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A portion of Scripture read in divine
service for instruction; as, here endeth the first
<i>lesson</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A severe lecture; reproof; rebuke;
warning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She would give her a <i>lesson</i> for walking so
late.</blockquote> <i>Sir. P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def> An exercise; a composition
serving an educational purpose; a study.</def></p>

<p><hw>Les"son</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lessoned</u> (-s'nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lessoning</u>.] <def>To teach; to instruct.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To rest the weary, and to soothe the sad,<BR>
Doth <i>lesson</i> happier men, and shame at least the
bad.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Les"sor</hw> (l&ebreve;s"s&obreve;r or l&ebreve;s*s&ocirc;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lessee</u>, <u>Lease</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who leases; the person who lets
to farm, or gives a lease.</def> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lest</hw> (l&ebreve;st), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
listen.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lest</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See List to choose.]
<def>Lust; desire; pleasure.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lest</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Last; least.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lest</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>leste</i>, fr. AS.
<i>&eth;&ymacr; l&aemacr;s &eth;&emacr;</i> the less that, where
<i>&eth;&ymacr;</i> is the instrumental case of the definite article,
and <i>&eth;&emacr;</i> is an indeclinable relative particle,
<i>that</i>, <i>who</i>, <i>which</i>. See <u>The</u>, <u>Less</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>For fear that; that . .
. not; in order that . . . not.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love not sleep, <i>lest</i> thou come to
poverty.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xx. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore let him that thinketh he standeth take heed
<i>lest</i> he fall.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. x. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That (without the negative particle); --
after certain expressions denoting <i>fear</i> or
<i>apprehension</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I feared<BR>
<i>Lest</i> I might anger thee.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>-let</hw> (-l&ebreve;t). [From two French dim. endings <i>-
el</i> (L. <i>-ellus</i>) and <i>-et</i>, as in brace<i>let</i>.]
<def>A noun suffix having a diminutive force; as in stream<i>let</i>,
wave<i>let</i>, arm<i>let</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let</hw> (l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>letten</i>, AS. <i>lettan</i> to delay, to hinder, fr.
<i>l&aelig;t</i> slow; akin to D. <i>letten</i> to hinder, G.
<i>verletzen</i> to hurt, Icel. <i>letja</i> to hold back, Goth.
<i>latjan</i>. See <u>Late</u>.] <def>To retard; to hinder; to
impede; to oppose.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was so strong that no man might him
<i>let</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He who now <i>letteth</i> will <i>let</i>, until he be
taken out of the way.</blockquote> <i>2. Thess. ii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mine ancient wound is hardly whole,<BR>
And <i>lets</i> me from the saddle.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
retarding; hindrance; obstacle; impediment; delay; -- common in the
phrase <i>without let or hindrance</i>, but elsewhere archaic.</def>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Consider whether your doings be to the <i>let</i> of
your salvation or not.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Lawn Tennis)</i> <def>A stroke in which a
ball touches the top of the net in passing over.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Let</u> (<u>Letted</u> (l&ebreve;t"t&ebreve;d),
[Obs].); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Letting</u>.] [OE.
<i>leten</i>, <i>l&aelig;ten</i> (past tense <i>lat</i>, <i>let</i>,
p. p. <i>laten</i>, <i>leten</i>, <i>lete</i>), AS.
<i>l&aemacr;tan</i> (past tense <i>l&emacr;t</i>, p. p.
<i>l&aemacr;ten</i>); akin to OFries. <i>l&emacr;ta</i>, OS.
<i>l&amacr;tan</i>, D. <i>laten</i>, G. <i>lassen</i>, OHG.
<i>l&amacr;zzan</i>, Icel. <i>l&amacr;ta</i>, Sw. <i>l&aring;ta</i>,
Dan. <i>lade</i>, Goth. <i>l&emacr;tan</i>, and L. <i>lassus</i>
weary. The original meaning seems to have been, to let loose, let go,
let drop. Cf. <u>Alas</u>, <u>Late</u>, <u>Lassitude</u>, <u>Let</u>
to hinder.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To leave; to relinquish; to
abandon.</def> [Obs. or Archaic, except when followed by <i>alone</i>
or <i>be</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . prayed him his voyage for to
<i>let</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet neither spins nor cards, ne cares nor frets,<BR>
But to her mother Nature all her care she <i>lets</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Let</i> me alone in choosing of my
wife.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To consider; to think; to esteem.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause; to make; -- used with the
infinitive in the active form but in the passive sense; as,
<i>let</i> make, <i>i. e.</i>, cause to be made; <i>let</i> bring,
<i>i. e.</i>, cause to be brought.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This irous, cursed wretch<BR>
<i>Let</i> this knight's son anon before him fetch.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . thus <i>let</i> do slay hem all
three.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Anon he <i>let</i> two coffers make.</blockquote>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To permit; to allow; to suffer; -- either
affirmatively, by positive act, or negatively, by neglecting to
restrain or prevent.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, when followed by an infinitive, the latter
is commonly without the sign <i>to</i>; as to <i>let</i> us walk,
<i>i. e.</i>, to permit or suffer us to walk. Sometimes there is
entire omission of the verb; as, to <i>let</i> [to be or to go]
loose.</p>

<p><blockquote>Pharaoh said, I will <i>let</i> you go.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. viii. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If your name be Horatio, as I am <i>let</i> to know it
is.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To allow to be used or occupied for a
compensation; to lease; to rent; to hire out; -- often with
<i>out</i>; as, to <i>let</i> a farm; to <i>let</i> a house; to
<i>let</i> out horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To give, grant, or assign, as a work,
privilege, or contract; -- often with <i>out</i>; as, to <i>let</i>
the building of a bridge; to <i>let</i> out the lathing and the
plastering.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The active form of the infinitive of <i>let</i>, as of many
other English verbs, is often used in a passive sense; as, a house
<i>to let</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, for letting, or to be let). This form of
expression conforms to the use of the Anglo-Saxon gerund with
<i>to</i> (dative infinitive) which was commonly so employed. See
<u>Gerund</u>, 2. " Your elegant house in Harley Street is <i>to
let</i>." <i>Thackeray.</i>
  In the imperative mood, before the first person plural, <i>let</i>
has a hortative force. " Rise up, <i>let</i> us go." <i>Mark xiv.
42.</i> " <i>Let</i> us seek out some desolate shade."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To let alone</b></col>, <cd>to leave; to withdraw from; to
refrain from interfering with.</cd> -- <col><b>To let
blood</b></col>, <cd>to cause blood to flow; to bleed.</cd> --
<col><b>To let down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To lower</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To soften in tempering; as, <i>to let
down</i> tools, cutlery, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>To
let</b></col> <col><b>drive or fly</b></col>, <cd>to discharge with
violence, as a blow, an arrow, or stone. See under <u>Drive</u>, and
<u>Fly</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To let in</b></col> or into.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To permit or suffer to enter; to admit.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To insert, or imbed, as a piece of wood, in a
recess formed in a surface for the purpose</cd>. <col><b>To let
loose</b></col>, <cd>to remove restraint from; to permit to wander at
large.</cd> -- <col><b>To let off.</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To discharge; to let fly, as an arrow; to fire the charge of, as
a gun</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To release, as from an engagement
or obligation</cd>. [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To let out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To allow to go forth; as, <i>to let out</i> a
prisoner</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To extend or loosen, as the
folds of a garment; to enlarge; to suffer to run out, as a cord</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To lease; to give out for performance by
contract, as a job</cd>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To divulge.</cd> --
<col><b>To let slide</b></col>, <cd>to let go; to cease to care
for.</cd> [Colloq.] " <i>Let</i> the world <i>slide</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Let</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
forbear.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be let or leased; as, the farm
<i>lets</i> for $500 a year. See note under <u>Let</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>To let on</b></col>, <cd>to tell; to tattle; to divulge
something.</cd> [Low] -- <col><b>To let up</b></col>, <cd>to become
less severe; to diminish; to cease; as, when the storm <i>lets
up</i>.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Let"-a*lone"</hw> (l&ebreve;t"&adot;*l&omacr;n"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Letting alone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The let-alone</b></col> <col><b>principle, doctrine, or
policy</b></col>. <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i> <cd>See <u>Laissez
faire</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Letch</hw> (l&ebreve;ch), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Leach</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Letch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lech</u>,
<u>Lecher</u>.] <def>Strong desire; passion. (Archaic).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some people have a <i>letch</i> for unmasking
impostors, or for avenging the wrongs of others.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Letch"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Leachy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lete</hw> (l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To let;
to leave.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Let"en</hw> (l&ebreve;t"<i>e</i>n), obs. <def><pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Lete</u>.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leth"al</hw> (l&ebreve;th"&abreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>L</i>auric + <i>eth</i>er + <i>al</i>cohol.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>One of the higher alcohols of the paraffine series obtained from
spermaceti as a white crystalline solid. It is so called because it
occurs in the ethereal salt of lauric acid.</def></p>

<p><! p. 845 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Le"thal</hw> (l&emacr;"th<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lethalis</i>, <i>letalis</i>, fr. <i>lethum</i>, <i>letum</i>,
death: cf. F. <i>l&eacute;thal</i>.] <def>Deadly; mortal;
fatal.</def> "The <i>lethal</i> blow." <i>W. Richardson.</i> --
<wf>Le"thal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Le*thal"i*ty</hw> (l&esl;*th&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>l&eacute;thalit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The quality of being lethal; mortality.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Le*thar"gic</hw> (l&esl;*th&auml;r"j&ibreve;k),
<hw>Le*thar"gic*al</hw> (-j&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lethargicus</i>, Gr.
<grk>lhqargiko`s</grk>: cf. F. <i>l&eacute;thargique</i>. See
<u>Lethargy</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, affected with, or resembling,
lethargy; morbidly drowsy; dull; heavy.</def> --
<wf>Le*thar"gic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Le*thar"gic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Le*thar"gic*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Leth"ar*gize</hw> (l&ebreve;th"&adot;r*j&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lethargized</u> (-
j&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Lethargizing</u> (-
j&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] <def>To make lethargic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All bitters are poison, and act by stilling, and
depressing, and <i>lethargizing</i> the irritability.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leth"ar*gy</hw> (-j&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-gies</b></plw> (-j&ibreve;z). [F. <i>l&eacute;thargie</i>,
L. <i>lethargia</i>, Gr. <grk>lhqargi`a</grk>, fr.
<grk>lh`qargos</grk> forgetful, fr. <grk>lh`qh</grk> forgetfulness.
See <u>Lethe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Morbid drowsiness;
continued or profound sleep, from which a person can scarcely be
awaked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of inaction or
indifference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Europe lay then under a deep
<i>lethargy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leth"ar*gy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
lethargize.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"the</hw> (l&emacr;"th&esl; or l&emacr;th),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lethal</u>.] <def>Death.</def>[Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"the</hw> (l&emacr;"th&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
Gr. <grk>lh`qh</grk>, prop., forgetfulness; akin to
<grk>lanqa`nesqai</grk> to forget, <grk>lanqa`nein</grk> to escape
notice.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A river of
Hades whose waters when drunk caused forgetfulness of the
past.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Oblivion; a draught of oblivion;
forgetfulness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*the"an</hw> (l&esl;*th&emacr;"<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Lethaeus</i>, Gr. <grk>lh`qaios</grk> or
<grk>lhqai^os</grk>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Lethe; resembling in
effect the water of Lethe.</def> <i>Milton. Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"theed</hw> (l&emacr;"th&emacr;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Caused by Lethe.</def> " <i>Letheed</i> dullness." [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"the*on</hw> (l&emacr;"th&esl;*&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>lh`qh</grk>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Sulphuric ether used as an an&aelig;sthetic agent.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Le"the*on*ize</hw> (-&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To subject to the influence of letheon.</def> [R. or Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Le*thif"er*ous</hw> (l&esl;*th&ibreve;f"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lethifer</i>, <i>letifer</i>, fr.
<i>lethum</i>, <i>letum</i>, death + <i>ferre</i> to bear, to bring:
cf. F. <i>l&eacute;thif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Deadly; bringing death
or destruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"thy</hw> (l&emacr;"th&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lethean.</def> [Obs.] <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Let"-off`</hw> (l&ebreve;t"&obreve;f`; 115),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A device for letting off,
releasing, or giving forth, as the warp from the cylinder of a
loom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let"te</hw> (l&ebreve;t"t<i>e</i>), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Letted</u>.] <def>To let; to
hinder. See <u>Let</u>, to hinder.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Let"ter</hw> (l&ebreve;t"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <u>Let</u> to permit.] <def>One who lets or permits; one who
lets anything for hire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Let</u> to
hinder.] <def>One who retards or hinders.</def> [Archaic.]</p>

<p><hw>Let"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lettre</i>, F.
<i>lettre</i>, OF. <i>letre</i>, fr. L. <i>littera</i>,
<i>litera</i>, a letter; pl., an epistle, a writing, literature, fr.
<i>linere</i>, <i>litum</i>, to besmear, to spread or rub over;
because one of the earliest modes of writing was by graving the
characters upon tablets smeared over or covered with wax. <i>Pliny,
xiii. 11.</i> See <u>Liniment</u>, and cf. <u>Literal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark or character used as the
representative of a sound, or of an articulation of the human organs
of speech; a first element of written language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And a superscription also was written over him in
<i>letters</i> of Greek, and Latin, and Hebrew.</blockquote> <i>Luke
xxiii. 38.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A written or printed communication; a
message expressed in intelligible characters on something adapted to
conveyance, as paper, parchment, etc.; an epistle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The style of <i>letters</i> ought to be free, easy,
and natural.</blockquote> <i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A writing; an inscription.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>None could expound what this <i>letter</i>
meant.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Verbal expression; literal statement or
meaning; exact signification or requirement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must observe the <i>letter</i> of the law, without
doing violence to the reason of the law and the intention of the
lawgiver.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I broke the <i>letter</i> of it to keep the
sense.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A single type; type,
collectively; a style of type.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under these buildings . . . was the king's printing
house, and that famous <i>letter</i> so much esteemed.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Learning; erudition; as, a man
of <i>letters</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A letter; an epistle.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dead letter</b></col>, <col><b>Drop letter</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Dead</u>, <u>Drop</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Letter book</b></col>, <cd>a book in which copies of letters
are kept.</cd> -- <col><b>Letter box</b></col>, <cd>a box for the
reception of letters to be mailed or delivered.</cd> --
<col><b>Letter carrier</b></col>, <cd>a person who carries letters; a
postman; specif., an officer of the post office who carries letters
to the persons to whom they are addressed, and collects letters to be
mailed.</cd> -- <col><b>Letter cutter</b></col>, <cd>one who engraves
letters or letter punches.</cd> -- <col><b>Letter lock</b></col>,
<cd>a lock that can not be opened when fastened, unless certain
movable lettered rings or disks forming a part of it are in such a
position (indicated by a particular combination of the letters) as to
permit the bolt to be withdrawn.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>A strange lock that opens with AMEN.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Letter paper</b></col>, <cd>paper for writing letters
on; especially, a size of paper intermediate between note paper and
foolscap. See <u>Paper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Letter punch</b></col>,
<cd>a steel punch with a letter engraved on the end, used in making
the matrices for type.</cd> -- <col><b>Letters of
administration</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the instrument by which an
administrator or administratrix is authorized to administer the goods
and estate of a deceased person.</cd> -- <col><b>Letter of
attorney</b></col>, <col><b>Letter of credit</b></col>, etc. <cd>See
under <u>Attorney</u>, <u>Credit</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Letter of
license</b></col>, <cd>a paper by which creditors extend a debtor's
time for paying his debts.</cd> -- <col><b>Letters close or
clause</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law.)</i>, <cd>letters or writs directed to
particular persons for particular purposes, and hence <i>closed</i>
or sealed on the outside; -- distinguished from <i>letters
patent</i>.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Letters of
orders</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>a document duly signed and
sealed, by which a bishop makes it known that he has regularly
ordained a certain person as priest, deacon, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Letters patent</b></col>, <col><b>overt</b></col>, or
<col><b>open</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a writing executed and
sealed, by which power and authority are granted to a person to do
some act, or enjoy some right; as, <i>letters patent</i> under the
seal of England.</cd> -- <col><b>Letter-sheet envelope</b></col>,
<cd>a stamped sheet of letter paper issued by the government,
prepared to be folded and sealed for transmission by mail without an
envelope.</cd> -- <col><b>Letters testamentary</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an instrument granted by the proper officer to an
executor after probate of a will, authorizing him to act as
executor.</cd> -- <col><b>Letter writer</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One who writes letters.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A machine for copying letters</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A book giving directions and forms for the
writing of letters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Let"ter</hw> (l&ebreve;t"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lettered</u> (-t&etilde;rd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Lettering</u>.] <def>To impress
with letters; to mark with letters or words; as, a book gilt and
<i>lettered</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let"tered</hw> (l&ebreve;t"t&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Literate; educated; versed in
literature.</def> " Are you not <i>lettered</i>?" <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The unlettered barbarians willingly accepted the aid
of the <i>lettered</i> clergy, still chiefly of Roman birth, to
reduce to writing the institutes of their forefathers.</blockquote>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to learning or
literature; learned.</def> " A <i>lettered</i> education."
<i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inscribed or stamped with letters.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Let"ter*er</hw> (l&ebreve;t"t&etilde;r*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes, inscribes, or engraves,
alphabetical letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or business of making, or marking with, letters, as by
cutting or painting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The letters made; as, the <i>lettering</i>
of a sign.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let"ter*less</hw> (l&ebreve;t"t&etilde;r*l&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not having a
letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Illiterate.</def> [Obs.] <i>E.
Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Let"tern</hw> (l&ebreve;t"t&etilde;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Lecturn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let"ter*press`</hw> (-t&etilde;r*pr&ebreve;s`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Print; letters and words impressed on paper
or other material by types; -- often used of the reading matter in
distinction from the illustrations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Letterpress printing, printing directly from type, in
distinction from printing from plates.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Let"ter*ure</hw> (-&usl;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Letters;
literature.</def> [Obs.] "To teach him <i>letterure</i> and
courtesy." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Let"ter*wood`</hw> (-w&oocr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The beautiful and highly elastic wood of a tree of
the genus <i>Brosimum</i> (<i>B. Aubletii</i>), found in Guiana; --
so called from black spots in it which bear some resemblance to
hieroglyphics; also called <i>snakewood</i>, and <i>leopardwood</i>.
It is much used for bows and for walking sticks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let"tic</hw> (l&ebreve;t"t&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the Letts;
Lettish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to a branch
of the Slavic family, subdivided into Lettish, Lithuanian, and Old
Prussian.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
language of the Letts; Lettish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
language of the Lettic race, including Lettish, Lithuanian, and Old
Prussian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let"tish</hw> (l&ebreve;t"t&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Letts.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The language spoken by the Letts. See <u>Lettic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let"trure</hw> (-tr&usd;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Letterure</u>.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Letts</hw> (l&ebreve;ts), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Lett</b></singw> (l&ebreve;t). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>An
Indo-European people, allied to the Lithuanians and Old Prussians,
and inhabiting a part of the Baltic provinces of Russia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let"tuce</hw> (l&ebreve;t"t&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>letuce</i>, prob. through Old French from some Late Latin
derivative of L. <i>lactuca</i> lettuce, which, according to Varro,
is fr. <i>lac</i>, <i>lactis</i>, milk, on account of the milky white
juice which flows from it when it is cut: cf. F. <i>laitue</i>. Cf.
<u>Lacteal</u>, <u>Lactucic</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A composite
plant of the genus <i>Lactuca</i> (<i>L. sativa</i>), the leaves of
which are used as salad. Plants of this genus yield a milky juice,
from which lactucarium is obtained. The commonest wild lettuce of the
United States is <i>L. Canadensis</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hare's lettuce</b></col>, <col><b>Lamb's
lettuce</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Hare</u>, and <u>Lamb</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Lettuce opium</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Lactucarium</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Sea lettuce</b></col>, <cd>certain papery green seaweeds of
the genus <i>Ulva</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Let"u*a*ry</hw> (l&ebreve;t"&usl;*&asl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Electuary.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Let"-up`</hw> (l&ebreve;t"&ubreve;p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Let</u> to forbear.] <def>Abatement; also, cessation; as, it
blew a gale for three days without any <i>let-up</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Leuc-</hw> (l&umacr;k-). <def>Same as <u>Leuco-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Leu`ca*den"dron</hw>
(l&umacr;`k&adot;*d&ebreve;n"dr&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>leyko`s</grk> white + <grk>de`ndron</grk> tree.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of evergreen shrubs from the Cape of Good
Hope, having handsome foliage. <i>Leucadendron argenteum</i> is the
<i>silverboom</i> of the colonists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu*can"i*line</hw> (l&usl;*k&abreve;n"&ibreve;*l&ibreve;n or
-l&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Leuc-</i> + <i>aniline</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, crystalline, organic base, obtained
from rosaniline by reduction, and also from other sources. It forms
colorless salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Leu*ch&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (l&usl;*k&emacr;"m&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>leyko`s</grk> white +
<grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Leucocyth&aelig;mia</u>.</def> -- <wf>Leu*ch&aelig;m"ic</wf>
(l&usl;*k&ebreve;m"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>leuk&aelig;mia</i>, <i>leuk&aelig;mic</i>.]
</p>

<p>{ <hw>Leu"cic</hw> (l&umacr;"s&ibreve;k), <hw>Leu*cin"ic</hw>
(l&usl;*s&ibreve;n"&ibreve;k), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from leucin, and
called also <i>oxycaproic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu"cin</hw> (l&umacr;"s&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>leyko`s</grk> white.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A white,
crystalline, nitrogenous substance formed in the decomposition of
albuminous matter by pancreatic digestion, by the action of boiling
dilute sulphuric acid, and by putrefaction. It is also found as a
constituent of various tissues and organs, as the spleen, pancreas,
etc., and likewise in the vegetable kingdom. Chemically it is to be
considered as amido-caproic acid.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Leu"cite</hw> (l&umacr;"s&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>leyko`s</grk> white: cf. F. <i>leucite</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral having a glassy
fracture, occurring in translucent trapezohedral crystals. It is a
silicate of alumina and potash. It is found in the volcanic rocks of
Italy, especially at Vesuvius.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leucoplast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu*cit"ic</hw> (l&usl;*s&ibreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Containing leucite; as,
<i>leucitic</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu"ci*toid</hw> (l&umacr;"s&ibreve;*toid),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Leucite</i> + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The trapezohedron or tetragonal
trisoctahedron; -- so called as being the form of the mineral
leucite.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Leu"co-</hw> (l&umacr;"k&osl;-), <hw>Leuc-</hw> (l&umacr;k-
). } [Gr. <grk>leyko`s</grk> white.] <def>A combining form signifying
<i>white</i>, <i>colorless</i>; specif. <i>(Chem.)</i>, denoting an
extensive series of <i>colorless</i> organic compounds, obtained by
reduction from certain other <i>colored</i> compounds; as,
<i>leuc</i>aniline, <i>leuc</i>aurin, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu"co*cyte</hw> (l&umacr;"k&osl;*s&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Leuco-</i> + Gr. <grk>ky`tos</grk> a hollow
vessel.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A colorless corpuscle, as one of the
white blood corpuscles, or those found in lymph, marrow of bone,
connective tissue, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They all consist of more or less spherical masses of
protoplasm, without any surrounding membrane or wall, and are capable
of motion.</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Leu`co*cy*th&aelig;"mi*a</hw>
<hw>||Leu`co*cy*the"mi*a</hw> }
(l&umacr;`k&osl;*s&isl;*th&emacr;"m&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>leyko`s</grk> white +
<grk>ky`tos</grk> a hollow vessel + <grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease in which the white corpuscles of the
blood are largely increased in number, and there is enlargement of
the spleen, or the lymphatic glands; leuch&aelig;mia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu`co*cy`to*gen"e*sis</hw> (-
s&imacr;`t&osl;*j&ebreve;n"&esl;*s&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Leucocyte</i> + <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The
formation of leucocytes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu`co*e`thi*op"ic</hw> (-
&emacr;`th&ibreve;*&obreve;p"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Leuco-</i> + <i>Ethiopic</i>.] <def>White and black; -- said of a
white animal of a black species, or the albino of the negro
race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu`co*e"thi*ops</hw> (-&emacr;"th&ibreve;*&obreve;ps),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Leuco-</i> + <i>Aethiops</i>.] <def>An
albino.</def> [Also written <i>leuc&oelig;thiops</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Leu"co*line</hw> (l&umacr;"k&osl;*l&ibreve;n or -l&emacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Leuc-</i> + L. <i>ol</i>eum oil.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous organic base from coal tar, and
identical with quinoline. Cf. <u>Quinoline</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Leu*co"ma</hw> (l&usl;*k&omacr;"m&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ley`kwma</grk>, fr.
<grk>leyko`s</grk> white.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A white opacity in the
cornea of the eye; -- called also <i>albugo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu*co"ma*ine</hw> (l&usl;*k&omacr;"m&adot;*&ibreve;n or -
&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Leuco-</i> + <i>-maine</i>, as in
<i>ptomaine</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An animal base or
alkaloid, appearing in the tissue during life; hence, a vital
alkaloid, as distinguished from a <i>ptomaine</i> or cadaveric
poison.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu*con"ic</hw> (-k&obreve;n"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Leuc-</i> + croc<i>onic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or designating, a complex organic acid, obtained as a yellowish white
gum by the oxidation of croconic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu*cop"a*thy</hw> (l&usl;*k&obreve;p"&adot;*th&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Leuco-</i> + Gr. <grk>pa`schein</grk>,
<grk>paqei^n</grk> to suffer.] <def>The state of an albino, or of a
white child of black parents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu"co*phane</hw> (l&umacr;"k&osl;*f&amacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>leykofanh`s</grk> appearing bright or
white; <grk>leyko`s</grk> white + <grk>fai`nein</grk> to show: cf. G.
<i>leukophan</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a greenish yellow
color; it is a silicate of glucina, lime, and soda with fluorine.
Called also <i>leucophanite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu`co*phleg"ma*cy</hw>
(l&umacr;`k&osl;*fl&ebreve;g"m&adot;*s&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>leykoflegmati`a</grk>; <grk>leyko`s</grk> white +
<grk>fle`gma</grk> phlegm: cf. F. <i>leucophlegmasie</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A dropsical habit of body, or the commencement of
anasarca; paleness, with viscid juices and cold sweats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu`co*phleg*mat"ic</hw> (-fl&ebreve;g*m&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>leucophlegmatique</i>, Gr.
<grk>leykofle`gmatos</grk>.] <def>Having a dropsical habit of body,
with a white bloated skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu"co*phyll</hw> (l&umacr;"k&osl;*f&ibreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Leuco-</i> + Gr. <grk>fy`llon</grk> a leaf.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless substance isomeric with chlorophyll,
contained in parts of plants capable of becoming green.</def>
<i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leu*coph"yl*lous</hw> (l&usl;*k&obreve;f"&ibreve;l*l&ubreve;s
or l&umacr;`k&osl;*f&ibreve;l"l&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>leyko`fyllos</grk>; <grk>leyko`s</grk> white +
<grk>fy`llon</grk> a leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having white or
silvery foliage.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Leu"co*plast</hw> (l&umacr;"k&osl;*pl&abreve;st),
<hw>Leu`co*plas"tid</hw> (-pl&abreve;s"t&ibreve;d), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Leuco-</i> + Gr. <grk>pla`ssein</grk> to
mold.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of certain very minute whitish or
colorless granules occurring in the protoplasm of plants and supposed
to be the nuclei around which starch granules will form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu*cop"y*rite</hw> (l&usl;*k&obreve;p"&ibreve;*r&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Leuco-</i> + <i>pyrites</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral of a color between white and steel-gray, with a
metallic luster, and consisting chiefly of arsenic and
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu`cor*rh&oelig;"a</hw>
(l&umacr;`k&obreve;r*r&emacr;"&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Leuco-</i> + Gr. <grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
discharge of a white, yellowish, or greenish, viscid mucus, resulting
from inflammation or irritation of the membrane lining the genital
organs of the female; the whites.</def> <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Leu"co*ryx</hw> (l&umacr;"k&osl;*r&ibreve;ks),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. <grk>leyko`s</grk> +
<grk>'o`ryx</grk> a kind of gazelle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large antelope of North Africa (<i>Oryx leucoryx</i>), allied to the
gemsbok.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu"co*scope</hw> (l&umacr;"k&osl;*sk&omacr;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Leuco-</i> + <i>-scope</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument, devised by Professor Helmholtz,
for testing the color perception of the eye, or for comparing
different lights, as to their constituent colors or their relative
whiteness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu"co*soid</hw> (-soid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Leucosia</i>, the typical genus (fr. Gr. <grk>leyko`s</grk> white)
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
<i>Leucosoidea</i>, a tribe of marine crabs including the box crab or
<i>Calappa</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu"co*sphere</hw> (-sf&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Leuco-</i> + <i>sphere</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The inner
corona.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Leu`co*tu"ric</hw> (l&umacr;`k&osl;*t&umacr;"r&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Leuco-</i> + allan<i>t</i>oic +
<i>uric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a
nitrogenous organic substance of the uric acid group, called
<i>leucoturic</i> acid or <i>oxalantin</i>. See
<u>Oxalantin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu"cous</hw> (l&umacr;"k&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>leyko`s</grk>.] <def>White; -- applied to albinos, from the
whiteness of their skin and hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu*cox"ene</hw> (l&usl;*k&obreve;ks"&emacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Leuco-</i> + Gr. <grk>xe`nos</grk>
stranger.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A nearly opaque white mineral, in part
identical with titanite, observed in some igneous rocks as the result
of the alteration of titanic iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu*k&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (l&usl;*k&emacr;"m&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Leucocyth&aelig;mia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leuke</hw> (l&umacr;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<hw>Leuke"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Luke</u>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leu"ko*plast</hw> (l&umacr;"k&osl;*pl&abreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Leucoplast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Le*va"na</hw> (l&esl;*v&amacr;"n&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>levare</i> to raise.] <i>(Rom.
Myth.)</i> <def>A goddess who protected newborn infants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"vant</hw> (l&emacr;"v<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.,
p. pr. of <i>lever</i> to raise.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Rising or having
risen from rest; -- said of cattle. See <i>Couchant and levant</i>,
under <u>Couchant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*vant"</hw> (l&esl;*v&abreve;nt"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>levante</i> the point where the sun rises, the east, the Levant,
fr. <i>levare</i> to raise, <i>levarsi</i> to rise: cf. F.
<i>levant</i>. See <u>Lever</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
countries washed by the eastern part of the Mediterranean and its
contiguous waters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A levanter (the wind so called).</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"vant</hw> (l&emacr;"v<i>a</i>nt; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Eastern.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Forth rush the <i>levant</i> and the ponent
winds.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le*vant"</hw> (l&esl;*v&abreve;nt"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[Cf. Sp. <i>levantar</i> to raise, go from one place to another.]
<def>To run away from one's debts; to decamp.</def> [Colloq. Eng.]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><! p. 846 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Le*vant"er</hw> (l&esl;*v&abreve;nt"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Levant</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<def>One who levants, or decamps.</def> [Colloq. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Le*vant"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Levant</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A strong easterly wind peculiar to the
Mediterranean.</def> <i>W. H. Russell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le*vant"ine</hw> (l&esl;*v&abreve;nt"&ibreve;n or
l&ebreve;v"<i>a</i>nt*&imacr;n; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>levantin</i>, or It. <i>levantino</i>. See <u>Levant</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Of or pertaining to the Levant.</def>
<i>J. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le*vant"ine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native or inhabitant of the Levant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>levantine</i>, or It. <i>levantina</i>.]
<def>A stout twilled silk fabric, formerly made in the
Levant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Le*va`ri fa"ci*as</hw> (l&esl;*v&amacr;`r&isl;
f&amacr;"sh&ibreve;*&abreve;s). [Law L., cause to be levied.] <def>A
writ of execution at common law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*va"tion</hw> (l&esl;*v&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>levatio</i>.] <def>The act of raising;
elevation; upward motion, as that produced by the action of a
<i>levator</i> muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*va"tor</hw> (l&esl;*v&amacr;"t&obreve;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>levare</i> to raise. See
<u>Lever</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A muscle that serves to raise some part, as the lip or the
eyelid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A surgical instrument used
to raise a depressed part of the skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leve</hw> (l&emacr;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dear. See
<u>Lief</u>.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leve</hw>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Same as 3d &amp; 4th
<u>Leave</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Leve</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To live.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE., fr. AS.
<i>l&emacr;fan</i>, abbrev. fr. <i>gel&emacr;fan</i>. See
<u>Believe</u>.] <def>To believe.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>leven</i>, AS.
<i>l&emacr;fan</i>, <i>l&ymacr;fan</i>. See <u>Leave</u> permission.]
<def>To grant; -- used esp. in exclamations or prayers followed by a
dependent clause.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>leve</i> all be well.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev"ee</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&esl;; <i>often</i>
l&ebreve;v*&emacr;" in U. S.), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lever</i>,
fr. <i>lever</i> to raise, <i>se lever</i> to rise. See <u>Lever</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
rising.</def> " The sun's <i>levee</i>." <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A morning assembly or reception of
visitors, -- in distinction from a <i>soir&eacute;e</i>, or evening
assembly; a <i>matin&eacute;e</i>; hence, also, any general or
somewhat miscellaneous gathering of guests, whether in the daytime or
evening; as, the president's <i>levee</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England a ceremonious day reception, when attended by
both ladies and gentlemen, is called a <i>drawing-room</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Lev"ee</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To attend the levee
or levees of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>levees</i> all the great.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev"ee</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lev&eacute;e</i>, fr.
<i>lever</i> to raise. See <u>Lever</u>, and cf. <u>Levy</u>.]
<def>An embankment to prevent inundation; as, the <i>levees</i> along
the Mississippi; sometimes, the steep bank of a river.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Lev"ee</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To keep within a
channel by means of levees; as, to <i>levee</i> a river.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Le*v&eacute;e" en` masse"</hw> (l<i>e</i>*v&asl;" &auml;N`
m&adot;s"). [F.] <def>See <i>Levy in mass</i>, under <u>Levy</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Leve"ful</hw> (l&emacr;v"f&usd;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Leve</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> + <i>-ful</i>.] <def>Allowable;
permissible; lawful.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev"el</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>level</i>, <i>livel</i>, OF. <i>livel</i>, F. <i>niveau</i>, fr.
L. <i>libella</i> level, water level, a plumb level, dim. of
<i>libra</i> pound, measure for liquids, balance, water poise, level.
Cf. <u>Librate</u>, <u>Libella</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A line
or surface to which, at every point, a vertical or plumb line is
perpendicular; a line or surface which is everywhere parallel to the
surface of still water; -- this is the <i>true level</i>, and is a
curve or surface in which all points are equally distant from the
center of the earth, or rather would be so if the earth were an exact
sphere.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A horizontal line or plane; that is, a
straight line or a plane which is tangent to a true level at a given
point and hence parallel to the horizon at that point; -- this is the
<i>apparent level</i> at the given point.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An approximately horizontal line or
surface at a certain degree of altitude, or distance from the center
of the earth; as, to climb from the <i>level</i> of the coast to the
<i>level</i> of the plateau and then descend to the <i>level</i> of
the valley or of the sea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After draining of the <i>level</i> in
Northamptonshire.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shot from the deadly <i>level</i> of a
gun.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively, a certain position,
rank, standard, degree, quality, character, etc., conceived of as in
one of several planes of different elevation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Providence, for the most part, sets us on a
<i>level</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Somebody there of his own <i>level</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be the fair <i>level</i> of thy actions laid<BR>
As temperance wills and prudence may persuade.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A uniform or average height; a normal
plane or altitude; a condition conformable to natural law or which
will secure a level surface; as, moving fluids seek a
<i>level</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When merit shall find its <i>level</i>.</blockquote>
<i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech. &amp; Surv.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An instrument by which to find a horizontal line, or adjust
something with reference to a horizontal line.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A measurement of the difference of altitude
of two points, by means of a level; as, to take a
<i>level</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A horizontal passage, drift, or adit, in a
mine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Air level</b></col>, <col><b>a spirit level</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Spirit level</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Box
level</b></col>, <cd>a spirit level in which a glass-covered box is
used instead of a tube.</cd> -- <col><b>Carpenter's level</b></col>,
<col><b>Mason's level</b></col>, <cd>either the <i>plumb level</i> or
a straight bar of wood, in which is imbedded a small spirit
level.</cd> -- <col><b>Level of the sea</b></col>, <cd>the imaginary
level from which heights and depths are calculated, taken at a mean
distance between high and low water.</cd> -- <col><b>Line of
levels</b></col>, <cd>a connected series of measurements, by means of
a level, along a given line, as of a railroad, to ascertain the
profile of the ground.</cd> -- <col><b>Plumb level</b></col>, <cd>one
in which a horizontal bar is placed in true position by means of a
plumb line, to which it is at right angles.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit
level</b></col>, <cd>one in which the adjustment to the horizon is
shown by the position of a bubble in alcohol or ether contained in a
nearly horizontal glass tube, or a circular box with a glass
cover.</cd> -- <col><b>Surveyor's level</b></col>, <cd>a telescope,
with a spirit level attached, and with suitable screws, etc., for
accurate adjustment, the whole mounted on a tripod, for use in
leveling; -- called also <i>leveling instrument</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Water level</b></col>, <cd>an instrument to show the level by
means of the surface of water in a trough, or in upright tubes
connected by a pipe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lev"el</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Even; flat; having no part higher than
another; having, or conforming to, the curvature which belongs to the
undisturbed liquid parts of the earth's surface; as, a <i>level</i>
field; <i>level</i> ground; the <i>level</i> surface of a pond or
lake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ample spaces o'er the smooth<BR>
And <i>level</i> pavement.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coinciding or parallel with the plane of
the horizon; horizontal; as, the telescope is now
<i>level</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Even with anything else; of the same
height; on the same line or plane; on the same footing; of equal
importance; -- followed by <i>with</i>, sometimes by
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Young boys and girls<BR>
Are <i>level</i> now with men; the odds is gone.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Everything lies <i>level</i> to our wish.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Straightforward; direct; clear;
open.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A very plain and <i>level</i> account.</blockquote>
<i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Well balanced; even; just; steady;
impartial; as, a <i>level</i> head; a <i>level</i> understanding.
[Colloq.] </def> " A <i>level</i> consideration." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Of even tone; without
rising or falling inflection.</def> <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Level line</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>the
outline of a section which is horizontal crosswise, and parallel with
the rabbet of the keel lengthwise.</cd> -- <col><b>Level
surface</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>an equipotential surface at
right angles at every point to the lines of force.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lev"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Leveled</u> (-&ebreve;ld) or <u>Levelled</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Leveling</u> or
<u>Levelling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make level; to make
horizontal; to bring to the condition of a level line or surface;
hence, to make flat or even; as, to <i>level</i> a road, a walk, or a
garden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring to a lower level; to overthrow;
to topple down; to reduce to a flat surface; to lower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And their proud structures <i>level</i> with the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>levels</i> mountains and he raises
plains.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring to a horizontal position, as a
gun; hence, to point in taking aim; to aim; to direct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bertram de Gordon, standing on the castle wall,
<i>leveled</i> a quarrel out of a crossbow.</blockquote>
<i>Stow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, to bring to a common level
or plane, in respect of rank, condition, character, privilege, etc.;
as, to <i>level</i> all the ranks and conditions of men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To adjust or adapt to a certain level; as,
to <i>level</i> remarks to the capacity of children.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For all his mind on honor fixed is,<BR>
To which he <i>levels</i> all his purposes.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be level; to be on a level with, or on an equality with,
something; hence, to accord; to agree; to suit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With such accommodation and besort<BR>
As <i>levels</i> with her breeding.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To aim a gun, spear, etc., horizontally;
hence, to aim or point a weapon in direct line with the mark; fig.,
to direct the eye, mind, or effort, directly to an object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The foeman may with as great aim <i>level</i> at the
edge of a penknife.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The glory of God and the good of his church . . .
ought to be the mark whereat we also <i>level</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>leveled</i> at our purposes.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev"el*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written
also <i>leveller</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that
which, levels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who would remove social inequalities
or distinctions; a socialist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev"el*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>levelling</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or operation of
making level.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surveying)</i> <def>The art or operation of
using a leveling instrument for finding a horizontal line, for
ascertaining the differences of level between different points of the
earth's surface included in a survey, for establishing grades, etc.,
as in finding the descent of a river, or locating a line of
railroad.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Leveling instrument</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Surveyor's
level</i>, under <u>Level</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Leveling staff</b></col>, <cd>a graduated rod or staff used
in connection with a leveling instrument for measuring differences of
level between points.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lev"el*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
disposition or endeavor to level all distinctions of rank in
society.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev"el*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an even or
level manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev"el*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being level.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev"en</hw> (l&ebreve;v"<i>e</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Levin</u>.] <def>Lightning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wild thunder dint and fiery <i>leven</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev"er</hw> (l&emacr;"v&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Old
compar. of <i>leve</i> or <i>lief</i>.] <def>More agreeable; more
pleasing.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be lever than</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Had as lief</i>,
under <u>Had</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lev"er</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Rather.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>lever</i> had I die than see his deadly
face.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le"ver</hw> (l&emacr;"v&etilde;r or l&ebreve;v"&etilde;r;
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>levour</i>, OF. <i>leveor</i>,
prop., a lifter, fr. F. <i>lever</i> to raise, L. <i>levare</i>; akin
to <i>levis</i> light in weight, E. <i>levity</i>, and perh. to E.
<i>light</i> not heavy: cf. F. <i>levier</i>. Cf. <u>Alleviate</u>,
<u>Elevate</u>, <u>Leaven</u>, <u>Legerdemain</u>, <u>Levee</u>,
<u>Levy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i>
<def>A rigid piece which is capable of turning about one point, or
axis (the fulcrum), and in which are two or more other points where
forces are applied; -- used for transmitting and modifying force and
motion. Specif., a bar of metal, wood, or other rigid substance, used
to exert a pressure, or sustain a weight, at one point of its length,
by receiving a force or power at a second, and turning at a third on
a fixed point called a <i>fulcrum</i>. It is usually named as the
first of the six mechanical powers, and is of three kinds, according
as either the <i>fulcrum</i> F, the <i>weight</i> W, or the
<i>power</i> P, respectively, is situated between the other two, as
in the figures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bar,
as a capstan bar, applied to a rotatory piece to turn it.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An arm on a rock shaft, to give motion to
the shaft or to obtain motion from it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Compound lever</b></col>, <cd>a machine consisting of two
or more levers acting upon each other.</cd> -- <col><b>Lever
escapement</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Escapement</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Lever jack</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Jack</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd> -- <col><b>Lever watch</b></col>, <cd>a
watch having a vibrating lever to connect the action of the escape
wheel with that of the balance.</cd> -- <col><b>Universal
lever</b></col>, <cd>a machine formed by a combination of a lever
with the wheel and axle, in such a manner as to convert the
reciprocating motion of the lever into a continued rectilinear motion
of some body to which the power is applied.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lev"er*age</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&etilde;r*&asl;j or
l&emacr;"v&etilde;r*&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The action of
a lever; mechanical advantage gained by the lever.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Leverage of a couple</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the
perpendicular distance between the lines of action of two forces
which act in parallel and opposite directions.</cd> --
<col><b>Leverage of a force</b></col>, <cd>the perpendicular distance
from the line in which a force acts upon a body to a point about
which the body may be supposed to turn.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lev"er*et</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&etilde;r*&ebreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>levraut</i>, dim. of <i>li&egrave;vre</i>
hare, L. <i>lepus</i>. Cf. <u>Leporine</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A hare in the first year of its age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev"er*ock</hw> (-&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lark</u>.] <def>A lark.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Lev"er*wood`</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&etilde;r*w&oocr;d`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The American hop hornbeam
(<i>Ostrya Virginica</i>), a small tree with very tough
wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev"e*sel</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&esl;*s&ebreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>le&aacute;f</i> a leaf +
<i>s&aelig;l</i>, <i>sel</i>, a room, a hall.] <def>A leafy shelter;
a place covered with foliage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Behind the mill, under a <i>levesel</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev"et</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>lever</i> to raise.] <def>A trumpet call for rousing soldiers;
a reveille.</def> [Obs.] <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev"i*a*ble</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&ibreve;*&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Levy</u> to assess.] <def>Fit to be
levied; capable of being assessed and collected; as, sums
<i>leviable</i> by course of law.</def> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Le*vi"a*than</hw> (l&esl;*v&imacr;"&adot;*th<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>livy&amacr;th&amacr;n</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An aquatic animal, described in the book
of Job, ch. xli., and mentioned in other passages of
Scripture.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is not certainly known what animal is intended, whether
the crocodile, the whale, or some sort of serpent.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whale, or a great whale.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev"i*er</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&ibreve;*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who levies.</def>
<i>Cartwright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev"i*ga*ble</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&ibreve;*g&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Levigate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Capable of being levigated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev"i*gate</hw> (-g&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>levigatus</i>, p. p. of <i>levigare</i> to lighten, fr.
<i>l&ebreve;vis</i> light.] <def>Made less harsh or burdensome;
alleviated.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev"i*gate</hw> (-g&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Levigated</u> (-
g&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Levigating</u>.] [L. <i>levigatus</i>, p. p. of <i>levigare</i> to
make smooth, fr. <i>l&emacr;vis</i> smooth; akin to Gr.
<grk>lei^os</grk>.] <def>To make smooth in various senses</def>:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To free from grit; to reduce to an
impalpable powder or paste.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To mix
thoroughly, as liquids or semiliquids.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>To polish.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To make smooth in
action.</def> " When use hath <i>levigated</i> the organs."
<i>Barrow.</i> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Technically, to make smooth
by rubbing in a moist condition between hard surfaces, as in grinding
pigments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev"i*gate</hw> (-g&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>levigatus</i>, <i>p. p.</i>] <def>Made smooth, as if
polished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev`i*ga"tion</hw> (l&ebreve;v`&ibreve;*g&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>levigatio</i> a smoothing: cf. F.
<i>l&eacute;vigation</i>.] <def>The act or operation of
levigating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev"in</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Etymol. uncertain. Cf. <u>Leven</u>.] <def>Lightning.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Levin brand</b></col>, <cd>a thunderbolt.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev"in*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A swift hound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"vir</hw> (l&emacr;"v&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>A husband's brother; -- used in reference to levirate
marriages.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lev"i*rate</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&ibreve;*r&asl;t),
<hw>Lev`i*rat"ic*al</hw> (-r&abreve;t"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>levir</i> a husband's brother, brother-
in-law; akin to Gr. <grk>dah`r</grk>: cf. F. <i>l&eacute;virat</i>
leviration.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or in accordance with, a law of
the ancient Israelites and other tribes and races, according to which
a woman, whose husband died without issue, was married to the
husband's brother.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The firstborn son of a <i>leviratical</i> marriage was
reckoned and registered as the son of the deceased
brother.</blockquote> <i>Alford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev`i*ra"tion</hw> (l&ebreve;v`&ibreve;*r&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Levirate marriage or marriages.</def>
<i>Kitto.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lev`i*ros"tres</hw> (-r&obreve;s"tr&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>levis</i> light + <i>rostrum</i> beak.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of birds, including the hornbills,
kingfishers, and related forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev"i*tate</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&ibreve;*t&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [L. <i>levitas</i>, <i>-atis</i>, lightness. See
<u>Levity</u>.] <def>To rise, or tend to rise, as if lighter than the
surrounding medium; to become buoyant; -- opposed to
<i>gravitate</i>.</def> <i>Sir. J. Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lev"i*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Spiritualism)</i>
<def>To make buoyant; to cause to float in the air; as, to
<i>levitate</i> a table.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Lev`i*ta"tion</hw> (-t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>levis</i> light in weight.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lightness; buoyancy; act of making
light.</def> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of making
buoyant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le"vite</hw> (l&emacr;"v&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Levites</i>, Gr. <grk>Leyi:`ths</grk>, fr. Heb. <i>Levi</i>, one
of the sons of Jacob.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bib. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of the tribe or family of Levi; a descendant of Levi; esp.,
one subordinate to the priests (who were of the same tribe) and
employed in various duties connected with the tabernacle first, and
afterward the temple, such as the care of the building, bringing of
wood and other necessaries for the sacrifices, the music of the
services, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A priest; -- so called in contempt or
ridicule.</def></p>

<p><! p. 847 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Le*vit"ic*al</hw> (l&esl;*v&ibreve;t"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Leviticus</i>, Gr.
<grk>Leyitiko`s</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
Levite or the Levites.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Priestly.</def> " <i>Levitical</i>
questions."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, or designating, the
law contained in the book of Leviticus.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Levitical degrees</b></col>, <cd>degrees of relationship
named in Leviticus, within which marriage is forbidden.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Le*vit"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>After the
manner of the Levites; in accordance with the levitical
law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*vit"i*cus</hw> (-&ibreve;*k&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Levitical</u>.] <def>The third canonical book of the Old
Testament, containing the laws and regulations relating to the
priests and Levites among the Hebrews, or the body of the ceremonial
law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev"i*ty</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>levitas</i>, fr. <i>levis</i> light in
weight; akin to <i>levare</i> to raise. See <u>Lever</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of weighing
less than something else of equal bulk; relative lightness,
especially as shown by rising through, or floating upon, a contiguous
substance; buoyancy; -- opposed to <i>gravity</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gave the form of <i>levity</i> to that which
ascended; to that which descended, the form of gravity.</blockquote>
<i>Sir. W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This bubble by reason of its comparative <i>levity</i>
to the fluidity that incloses it, would ascend to the
top.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lack of gravity and earnestness in
deportment or character; trifling gayety; frivolity; sportiveness;
vanity.</def> " A spirit of <i>levity</i> and libertinism."
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He never employed his omnipotence out of
<i>levity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Calamy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lack of steadiness or constancy;
disposition to change; fickleness; volatility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>levity</i> that is fatigued and disgusted with
everything of which it is in possession.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inconstancy; thoughtlessness; unsteadiness;
inconsideration; volatility; flightiness.  -- <u>Levity</u>,
<u>Volatility</u>, <u>Flightiness</u>. All these words relate to
outward conduct. <i>Levity</i> springs from a lightness of mind which
produces a disregard of the proprieties of time and
place.<i>Volatility</i> is a degree of levity which causes the
thoughts to fly from one object to another, without resting on any
for a moment. <i>Flightiness</i> is volatility carried to an extreme
which often betrays its subject into gross impropriety or weakness.
<i>Levity</i> of deportment, of conduct, of remark; <i>volatility</i>
of temper, of spirits; <i>flightiness</i> of mind or disposition.</p>

<p><hw>Le"vo-</hw> (l&emacr;"v&osl;-). <def>A prefix from L.
<i>laevus</i></def>, meaning: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def><i>Pertaining
to, or toward, the left</i>; as, <i>levo</i>rotatory.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Chem. &amp; Opt.)</i> <def><i>Turning the plane
of polarized light to the left</i>; as, <i>levo</i>tartaric acid;
<i>levo</i>racemic acid; <i>levo</i>gyratory crystals, etc.</def>
[Written also <i>l&aelig;vo-</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Le`vo*gy"rate</hw> (-j&imacr;"r&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Levo-</i> + <i>gyrate</i>.] <i>(Chem. &amp; Physics)</i> <def>Turning
or twisting the plane of polarization towards the left, as levulose,
levotartaric acid, etc.</def> [Written also
<i>l&aelig;vogyrate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Le`vo*ro"ta*to*ry</hw> (-r&omacr;"t&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Levo-</i> + <i>rotatory</i>.] <i>(Chem. &
Physics)</i> <def>Turning or rotating the plane of polarization
towards the left; levogyrate, as levulose, left-handed quartz
crystals, etc.</def> [Written also <i>l&aelig;vorotatory</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lev"u*lin</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&usl;*l&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance resembling
dextrin, obtained from the bulbs of the dahlia, the artichoke, and
other sources, as a colorless, spongy, amorphous material. It is so
called because by decomposition it yields <i>levulose</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>l&aelig;vulin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lev`u*lin"ic</hw> (-l&ibreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or denoting,
an acid (called also <i>acetyl-propionic acid</i>),
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, obtained by the action of
dilute acids on various sugars (as levulose).</def> [Written also
<i>l&aelig;vulinic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lev`u*lo"san</hw> (-l&omacr;"s<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An unfermentable carbohydrate obtained by gently
heating levulose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev"u*lose`</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&usl;*l&omacr;s`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Levo-</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sirupy
variety of sugar, rarely obtained crystallized, occurring widely in
honey, ripe fruits, etc., and hence called also <i>fruit sugar</i>.
It is called <i>levulose</i>, because it rotates the plane of
polarization to the left.</def> [Written also
<i>l&aelig;vulose</i>.]></p>

<p>&fist; It is obtained, together with an equal quantity of
dextrose, by the inversion of ordinary cane or beet sugar, and hence,
as being an ingredient of <i>invert sugar</i>, is often so called.
It is fermentable, nearly as sweet as cane sugar, and is metameric
with dextrose.  Cf. <u>Dextrose</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lev"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Levies</b></plw> (-&ibreve;z). [A contr. of
<i>elevenpence</i> or <i>elevenpenny bit</i>.] <def>A name formerly
given in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia to the Spanish real of
one eighth of a dollar (or 12&frac12; cents), valued at eleven pence
when the dollar was rated at 7s. 6d.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lev"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lev&eacute;e</i>, fr.
<i>lever</i> to raise. See <u>Lever</u>, and cf. <u>Levee</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of levying or collecting by
authority; as, the <i>levy</i> of troops, taxes, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>levy</i> of all the men left under
sixty.</blockquote> <i>Thirlwall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is levied, as an army, force,
tribute, etc.</def> " The Irish <i>levies</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The taking or seizure of
property on executions to satisfy judgments, or on warrants for the
collection of taxes; a collecting by execution.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Levy in mass</b></col> [F. <i>lev&eacute;e en masse</i>],
<cd>a requisition of all able-bodied men for military
service.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lev"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Levied</u> (l&ebreve;v"&ibreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Levying</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To raise,
as a siege.</def> [Obs.] <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise; to collect; said of troops, to
form into an army by enrollment, conscription, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Augustine . . . inflamed Ethelbert, king of Kent, to
<i>levy</i> his power, and to war against them.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To raise or collect by assessment; to
exact by authority; as, to <i>levy</i> taxes, toll, tribute, or
contributions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If they do this . . . my ransom, then,<BR>
Will soon be <i>levied</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To gather
or exact; as, to <i>levy</i> money.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To
erect, build, or set up; to make or construct; to raise or cast up;
as, to <i>levy</i> a mill, dike, ditch, a nuisance, etc.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cowell.</i> <i>Blackstone.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To take or
seize on execution; to collect by execution.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To levy a fine</b></col>, <cd>to commence and carry on a
suit for assuring the title to lands or tenements.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>To levy war</b></col>, <cd>to make or
begin war; to take arms for attack; to attack.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lev"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To seize property,
real or personal, or subject it to the operation of an execution; to
make a levy; as, to <i>levy</i> on property; the usual mode of
<i>levying</i>, in England, is by seizing the goods.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To levy on goods and chattels</b></col>, <cd>to take into
custody or seize specific property in satisfaction of a
writ.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lev"yne</hw> (l&ebreve;v"&ibreve;n), <hw>Lev"yn*ite</hw> (-
&ibreve;n*&imacr;t), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Mr. <i>Levy</i>, an
English mineralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A whitish, reddish, or
yellowish, transparent or translucent mineral, allied to
chabazite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lew</hw> (l&umacr;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>lee</i> a
calm or sheltered place, <i>luke</i>warm.] <def>Lukewarm;
tepid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lewd</hw> (l&umacr;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Lewder</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Lewdest</u>.] [<u>OE</u>. <i>lewed</i>,
<i>lewd</i>, lay, ignorant, vile, AS. <i>l&aemacr;wed</i> laical,
belonging to the laity.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not clerical; laic;
laical; hence, unlearned; simple.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For if a priest be foul, on whom we trust,<BR>
No wonder is a <i>lewed</i> man to rust.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So these great clerks their little wisdom show<BR>
To mock the <i>lewd</i>, as learn'd in this as they.</blockquote>
<i>Sir. J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the lower classes, or the
rabble; idle and lawless; bad; vicious.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But the Jews, which believed not, . . . took unto them
certain <i>lewd</i> fellows of the baser sort, . . . and assaulted
the house of Jason.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Too <i>lewd</i> to work, and ready for any kind of
mischief.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Given to the promiscuous indulgence of
lust; dissolute; lustful; libidinous.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Suiting, or proceeding from, lustfulness;
involving unlawful sexual desire; as, <i>lewd</i> thoughts, conduct,
or language.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lustful; libidinous; licentious; profligate;
dissolute; sensual; unchaste; impure; lascivious; lecherous; rakish;
debauched.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Lewd"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Lewd"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lewd"ster</hw> (-st&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
lewd person.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lew"is</hw> (l&umacr;"&ibreve;s), <hw>Lew"is*son</hw> (-
s&ubreve;n), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An iron
dovetailed tenon, made in sections, which can be fitted into a
dovetail mortise; -- used in hoisting large stones, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of shears used in cropping woolen
cloth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lewis hole</b></col>, <cd>a hole wider at the bottom than
at the mouth, into which a <i>lewis</i> is fitted.</cd>  <i>De
Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lex</hw> (l&ebreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Leges</b></plw> (l&emacr;"j&emacr;z). [L. See <u>Legal</u>.]
<def>Law; as, <i>lex talionis</i>, the law of retaliation; <i>lex
terr&aelig;</i>, the law of the land; <i>lex fori</i>, the law of the
forum or court; <i>lex loci</i>, the law of the place; <i>lex
mercatoria</i>, the law or custom of merchants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lex"ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to a lexicon, to lexicography, or words;
according or conforming to a lexicon.</def> -- <wf>Lex"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lex`i*cog"ra*pher</hw> (-
&ibreve;*k&obreve;g"r&adot;*f&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>lexikogra`fos</grk>; <grk>lexiko`n</grk> dictionary +
<grk>gra`fein</grk> to write: cf. F. <i>lexicographe</i>. See
<u>Lexicon</u>.] <def>The author or compiler of a lexicon or
dictionary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every other author may aspire to praise; the
<i>lexicographer</i> can only hope to escape reproach; and even this
negative recompense has been yet granted to very few.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lex`i*co*graph"ic</hw> (-k&osl;*gr&abreve;f"&ibreve;k),
<hw>Lex`i*co*graph"ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>lexicographi</i>que.] <def>Of or
pertaining to, or according to, lexicography.</def> --
<wf>Lex`i*co*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lex`i*cog"ra*phist</hw> (-k&obreve;g"r&adot;*f&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lexicographer.</def> [R.]
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lex`i*cog"ra*phy</hw> (-f&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>lexicographie</i>.] <def>The art, process, or occupation of
making a lexicon or dictionary; the principles which are applied in
making dictionaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lex`i*col"o*gist</hw> (-k&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in lexicology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lex`i*col"o*gy</hw> (-j&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>lexiko`n</grk> lexicon + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F.
<i>lexicologie</i>.] <def>The science of the derivation and
signification of words; that branch of learning which treats of the
signification and application of words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lex"i*con</hw> (l&ebreve;ks"&ibreve;*k&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>lexiko`n</grk> (sc.
<grk>bibli`on</grk>), neut. of <grk>lexiko`s</grk> of or belonging to
words, fr. <grk>le`xis</grk> a speaking, speech, a way of speaking, a
single word or phrase, fr. <grk>le`gein</grk> to say, to speak. See
<u>Legend</u>.] <def>A vocabulary, or book containing an alphabetical
arrangement of the words in a language or of a considerable number of
them, with the definition of each; a dictionary; especially, a
dictionary of the Greek, Hebrew, or Latin language.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Lex"i*con*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of a
lexicon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Lex`i*graph"ic</hw> (-gr&abreve;f"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>lexigraphique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to lexigraphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lex*ig"ra*phy</hw> (l&ebreve;ks*&ibreve;g"r&adot;*f&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>le`xis</grk> word + <i>-graphy</i>:
cf. F. <i>lexigraphie</i>.] <def>The art or practice of defining
words; definition of words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lex`i*phan"ic</hw>
(l&ebreve;ks`&ibreve;*f&abreve;n"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>lexifa`nis</grk> a phrase monger; <grk>le`xis</grk> speech
+ <grk>fai`nein</grk> to show.] <def>Using, or interlarded with,
pretentious words; bombastic; as, a <i>lexiphanic</i> writer or
speaker; <i>lexiphanic</i> writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lex`i*phan"i*cism</hw> (-&ibreve;*s&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use of pretentious words, language, or
style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lex`i*phar"mic</hw> (-f&auml;r"m&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Alexipharmic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ley</hw> (l&amacr;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To lay;
to wager.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ley</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.] <def>Law.</def>
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ley</hw> (l&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Lye</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ley</hw> (l&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Grass or meadow
land; a lea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ley</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fallow; unseeded.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ley"den jar"</hw> (l&imacr;"d'n j&auml;r"; 277). <hw>Ley"den
phi"al</hw> (f&imacr;"<i>a</i>l).} <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A glass jar or
bottle used to accumulate electricity. It is coated with tin foil,
within and without, nearly to its top, and is surmounted by a brass
knob which communicates with the inner coating, for the purpose of
charging it with electricity. It is so named from having been
invented in <i>Leyden</i>, Holland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ley"ser</hw> (l&amacr;"z&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Leisure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Leze` maj"es*ty</hw> (l&emacr;z`
m&abreve;j"&ebreve;s*t&ybreve;). [F. <i>lese-majest&eacute;</i>, fr.
L. <i>laesus</i>, fem. <i>laesa</i>, injured (see <u>Lesion</u>) +
<i>majestas</i> majesty; that is, <i>crimen laesae majestatis</i>.]
[Written also <i>lese majesty</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Any crime
committed against the sovereign power.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Lher"zo*lite</hw> (l&etilde;r"z&osl;*l&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Lherz</i>, a place in the Pyrenees +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An igneous rock consisting largely
of chrysolite, with pyroxene and picotite (a variety of spinel
containing chromium).</def></p>

<p><hw>Li</hw> (l&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A Chinese measure of distance, being a little more than one
third of a mile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Chinese copper coin; a cash. See
<u>Cash</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li`a*bil"i*ty</hw>
(l&imacr;`&adot;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Liabilities</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being liable; as, the
<i>liability</i> of an insurer; <i>liability</i> to accidents;
<i>liability</i> to the law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which one is under obligation to pay,
or for which one is liable.</def> Specifically, in the <i>pl.</i>,
<def>the sum of one's pecuniary obligations; -- opposed to
<i>assets</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Limited liability</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Limited
company</i>, under <u>Limited</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Li"a*ble</hw> (l&imacr;"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[From F. <i>lier</i> to bind, L. <i>ligare</i>.  Cf. <u>Ally</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Ligature</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bound or obliged in law or equity; responsible; answerable; as,
the surety is <i>liable</i> for the debt of his principal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exposed to a certain contingency or
casualty, more or less probable; -- with <i>to</i> and an infinitive
or noun; as, <i>liable</i> to slip; <i>liable</i> to
accident.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Accountable; responsible; answerable; bound;
subject; obnoxious; exposed.  -- <u>Liable</u>, <u>Subject</u>.
<i>Liable</i> refers to a future possible or probable happening which
may not actually occur; as, horses are <i>liable</i> to slip; even
the sagacious are <i>liable</i> to make mistakes. <i>Subject</i>
refers to any actual state or condition belonging to the nature or
circumstances of the person or thing spoken of, or to that which
often befalls one. One whose father was <i>subject</i> to attacks of
the gout is himself <i>liable</i> to have that disease. Men are
constantly <i>subject</i> to the law, but <i>liable</i> to suffer by
its infraction.</p>

<p><blockquote>Proudly secure, yet <i>liable</i> to
fall.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All human things are <i>subject</i> to
decay.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
liable; liability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"age</hw> (l&imacr;"&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>liage</i> a bond. See <u>Liable</u>.] <def>Union by league;
alliance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Li`ai`son"</hw> (l&esl;`&asl;`z&ocirc;N"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>ligatio</i>, fr. <i>ligare</i> to
bind. See <u>Ligature</u>, and cf. <u>Ligation</u>.] <def>A union, or
bond of union; an intimacy; especially, an illicit intimacy between a
man and a woman.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Li*ane"</hw> (l&isl;*&amacr;n"), <hw>Li*a"na</hw>
(l&isl;*&amacr;"n&adot;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>liane</i>;
prob. akin to <i>lien</i> a band, fr. L. <i>ligamen</i>, fr.
<i>ligare</i> to bind.  Cf. <u>Lien</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A luxuriant woody plant, climbing high trees and
having ropelike stems. The grapevine often has the habit of a liane.
Lianes are abundant in the forests of the Amazon region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"ar</hw> (l&imacr;"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>liere</i>. See <u>Lie</u> to falsify.] <def>A person who knowingly
utters falsehood; one who lies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"ard</hw> (l&imacr;"&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>liart</i>, LL. <i>liardus</i> gray, dapple.] <def>Gray.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Used by Chaucer as an epithet of a gray or dapple gray
horse. Also used as a name for such a horse.</p>

<p><hw>||Liard</hw> (ly&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
French copper coin of one fourth the value of a sou.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"as</hw> (l&imacr;"<i>a</i>s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lias</i>, fr. <i>liais</i> sort of limestone, OF. also
<i>liois</i>; perh. of Celtic origin, cf. Armor. <i>liach</i>,
<i>leach</i>, a stone, Gael. <i>leac</i>, W. <i>llech</i>.  Cf.
<u>Cromlech</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The lowest of the three
divisions of the Jurassic period; a name given in England and Europe
to a series of marine limestones underlying the O&ouml;lite. See the
Chart of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*as"sic</hw> (l&isl;*&abreve;s"s&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of the age of the Lias;
pertaining to the Lias formation.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Lias</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lib</hw> (l&ibreve;b), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Glib</u> to geld.] <def>To castrate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lib"a*ment</hw> (l&ibreve;b"&adot;*m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>libamentum</i>.] <def>Libation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"bant</hw> (l&imacr;"b<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>libans</i>, p. pr. of <i>libare</i> to taste, touch.]
<def>Sipping; touching lightly.</def> [R.]  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*ba"tion</hw> (l&isl;*b&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>libatio</i>, fr. <i>libare</i> to take a
little from anything, to taste, to pour out as an offering: cf. F.
<i>libation</i>.] <def>The act of pouring a liquid or liquor, usually
wine, either on the ground or on a victim in sacrifice, in honor of
some deity; also, the wine or liquid thus poured out.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A heathen sacrifice or <i>libation</i> to the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"ba*to*ry</hw> (l&imacr;"b&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to libation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lib"bard</hw> (l&ibreve;b"b&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Leopard</u>.] <def>A leopard.</def> [Obs. or Poetic]
<i>Spenser. Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lib"bard's bane`</hw> (-b&etilde;rdz b&amacr;n`).
<def>Leopard's bane.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Li"bel</hw> (l&imacr;"b&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>libellus</i> a little book, pamphlet, libel, lampoon, dim. of
<i>liber</i> the liber or inner bark of a tree; also (because the
ancients wrote on this bark), paper, parchment, or a roll of any
material used to write upon, and hence, a book or treatise: cf. F.
<i>libelle</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A brief writing of any kind, esp. a
declaration, bill, certificate, request, supplication, etc.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>libel</i> of forsaking
[divorcement].</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Matt. v. 31).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any defamatory writing; a lampoon; a
satire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A malicious publication
expressed either in print or in writing, or by pictures, effigies, or
other signs, tending to expose another to public hatred, contempt, or
ridicule. Such publication is indictable at common law.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term, in a more extended sense, includes the
publication of such writings, pictures, and the like, as are of a
blasphemous, treasonable, seditious, or obscene character. These also
are indictable at common law.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The crime of issuing a
malicious defamatory publication.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law &amp; Courts of Admiralty)</i> <def>A
written declaration or statement by the plaintiff of his cause of
action, and of the relief he seeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"bel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Libeled</u> (-b&ebreve;ld) or <u>Libelled</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Libeling</u> or
<u>Libelling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To defame, or expose to
public hatred, contempt, or ridicule, by a writing, picture, sign,
etc.; to lampoon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some wicked wits have <i>libeled</i> all the
fair.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To proceed against by filing
a libel, particularly against a ship or goods.</def></p>

<p><! p. 848 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Li"bel</hw> (l&imacr;"b&ebreve;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To spread defamation, written or printed; -- with
<i>against</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What's this but <i>libeling</i> against the
senate?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] <i>libels</i> now 'gainst each great
man.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"bel*ant</hw> (-<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who libels; one who institutes a suit in an ecclesiastical or
admiralty court.</def> [Written also <i>libellant</i>.]
<i>Cranch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"bel*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
libels.</def> [Written also <i>libeller</i>.] " <i>Libelers</i> of
others."  <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"bel*ist</hw> (-&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
libeler.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Li *bel"la</hw> (l&isl;*b&ebreve;l"l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., dim. of <i>libra</i> balance. See
<u>Level</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
balance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A level, or leveling instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*bel"lu*lid</hw> (l&isl;*b&ebreve;l"l&usl;*l&ibreve;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A dragon fly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*bel"lu*loid</hw> (-loid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Libellula</i>, the name of the typical genus + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the dragon
flies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"bel*ous</hw> (l&imacr;"b&ebreve;l*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing or involving a libel;
defamatory; containing that which exposes some person to public
hatred, contempt, or ridicule; as, a <i>libelous</i> pamphlet.</def>
[Written also <i>libellous</i>.] -- <wf>Li"bel*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Li"ber</hw> (l&imacr;"b&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
See <u>Libel</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The inner bark of plants, lying
next to the wood. It usually contains a large proportion of woody,
fibrous cells, and is, therefore, the part from which the fiber of
the plant is obtained, as that of hemp, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Liber cells</b></col>, <cd>elongated woody cells found in
the liber.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*al</hw> (l&ibreve;b"&etilde;r*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>lib&eacute;ral</i>, L. <i>liberalis</i>,
from <i>liber</i> free; perh. akin to <i>libet</i>, <i>lubet</i>, it
pleases, E. <i>lief</i>.  Cf. <u>Deliver</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Free by birth; hence, befitting a freeman or gentleman; refined;
noble; independent; free; not servile or mean; as, a <i>liberal</i>
ancestry; a <i>liberal</i> spirit; <i>liberal</i> arts or
studies.</def> " <i>Liberal</i> education." <i>Macaulay.</i> " A
<i>liberal</i> tongue."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bestowing in a large and noble way, as a
freeman; generous; bounteous; open-handed; as, a <i>liberal</i>
giver.</def> " <i>Liberal</i> of praise."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Infinitely good, and of his good<BR>
As <i>liberal</i> and free as infinite.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bestowed in a large way; hence, more than
sufficient; abundant; bountiful; ample; profuse; as, a <i>liberal</i>
gift; a <i>liberal</i> discharge of matter or of water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His wealth doth warrant a <i>liberal</i>
dower.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not strict or rigorous; not confined or
restricted to the literal sense; free; as, a <i>liberal</i>
translation of a classic, or a <i>liberal</i> construction of law or
of language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not narrow or contracted in mind; not
selfish; enlarged in spirit; catholic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Free to excess; regardless of law or moral
restraint; licentious.</def> " Most like a <i>liberal</i> villain."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Not bound by orthodox tenets or
established forms in political or religious philosophy; independent
in opinion; not conservative; friendly to great freedom in the
constitution or administration of government; having tendency toward
democratic or republican, as distinguished from monarchical or
aristocratic, forms; as, <i>liberal</i> thinkers; <i>liberal</i>
Christians; the <i>Liberal</i> party.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I confess I see nothing <i>liberal</i> in this " order
of thoughts," as Hobbes elsewhere expresses it.</blockquote>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Liberal</i> has <i>of</i>, sometimes <i>with</i>, before
the thing bestowed, <i>in</i> before a word signifying action, and
<i>to</i> before a person or object on which anything is bestowed;
as, to be <i>liberal of</i>  praise or censure; <i>liberal with</i>
money; <i>liberal in</i> giving; <i>liberal to</i> the poor.</p>

<p><col><b>The liberal arts</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Art</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Liberal education</b></col>, <cd>education that enlarges
and disciplines the mind and makes it master of its own powers,
irrespective of the particular business or profession one may
follow.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Generous; bountiful; munificent; beneficent; ample;
large; profuse; free.  -- <u>Liberal</u>, <u>Generous</u>.
<i>Liberal</i> is <i>freeborn</i>, and <i>generous</i> is
<i>highborn</i>. The former is opposed to the ordinary feelings of a
servile state, and implies largeness of spirit in giving, judging,
acting, etc. The latter expresses that nobleness of soul which is
peculiarly appropriate to those of high rank, -- a spirit that goes
out of self, and finds its enjoyment in consulting the feelings and
happiness of others. <i>Generosity</i> is measured by the extent of
the sacrifices it makes; <i>liberality</i>, by the warmth of feeling
which it manifests.</p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favors
greater freedom in political or religious matters; an opponent of the
established systems; a reformer; in English politics, a member of the
Liberal party, so called.  Cf. <u>Whig</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*al*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>lib&eacute;ralisme</i>.] <def>Liberal principles; the
principles and methods of the liberals in politics or religion;
specifically, the principles of the Liberal party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
liberal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lib`er*al*is"tic</hw> (-&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or characterized by,
liberalism; as, <i>liberalistic</i> opinions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lib`er*al"i*ty</hw> (-&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Liberalities</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z). [L. <i>liberalitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>lib&eacute;ralit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality
or state of being liberal; liberal disposition or practice; freedom
from narrowness or prejudice; generosity; candor; charity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>liberality</i> is but cast away<BR>
Which makes us borrow what we can not pay.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gift; a gratuity; -- sometimes in the
plural; as, a prudent man is not impoverished by his
<i>liberalities</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lib`er*al*i*za"tion</hw> (-
<i>a</i>l*&ibreve;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of liberalizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*al*ize</hw> (l&ibreve;b"&etilde;r*<i>a</i>l*&imacr;z),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Liberalized</u> (-&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Liberalizing</u> (-&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] [Cf. F.
<i>lib&eacute;raliser</i>.] <def>To make liberal; to free from narrow
views or prejudices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To open and to <i>liberalize</i> the
mind.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*al*i`zer</hw> (-&imacr;`z&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which, liberalizes.</def>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a liberal
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*ate</hw> (-&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Liberated</u> (-
&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Liberating</u> (-&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng).] [L. <i>liberatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>liberare</i> to free, fr. <i>liber</i> free. See
<u>Liberal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Deliver</u>.]
<def>To release from restraint or bondage; to set at liberty; to
free; to manumit; to disengage; as, to <i>liberate</i> a slave or
prisoner; to <i>liberate</i> the mind from prejudice; to
<i>liberate</i> gases.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To deliver; free; release. See <u>Deliver</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lib`er*a"tion</hw> (l&ibreve;b`&etilde;r*&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>liberatio</i>: cf. F.
<i>lib&eacute;ration</i>.  Cf. <u>Livraison</u>.] <def>The act of
liberating or the state of being liberated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This mode of analysis requires perfect
<i>liberation</i> from all prejudged system.</blockquote>
<i>Pownall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*a`tor</hw> (l&ibreve;b"&etilde;r*&amacr;`t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who, or that which, liberates; a
deliverer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*a*to*ry</hw> (-&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending, or serving, to liberate.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Lib`er*ta"ri*an</hw> (-t&amacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Liberty</u>.] <def>Pertaining to
liberty, or to the doctrine of free will, as opposed to the doctrine
of necessity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lib`er*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds
to the doctrine of free will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lib`er*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Libertarian principles or doctrines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*ti*cide</hw>
(l&ibreve;b"&etilde;r*t&ibreve;*s&imacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>libertas</i> liberty + <i>caedere</i> to kill: cf. (for sense 2)
F. <i>liberticide</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The destruction of
civil liberty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A destroyer of civil liberty.</def>  <i>B.
F. Wade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*tin*age</hw> (-t&ibreve;n*&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>libertinage</i>. See <u>Libertine</u>.] <def>Libertinism;
license.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*tine</hw> (-t&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>libertinus</i> freedman, from <i>libertus</i> one made free, fr.
<i>liber</i> free: cf. F. <i>libertin</i>. See <u>Liberal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A manumitted slave; a
freedman; also, the son of a freedman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect of
Anabaptists, in the fifteenth and early part of the sixteenth
century, who rejected many of the customs and decencies of life, and
advocated a community of goods and of women.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One free from restraint; one who acts
according to his impulses and desires; now, specifically, one who
gives rein to lust; a rake; a debauchee.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a puffed and reckless <i>libertine</i>,<BR>
Himself the primrose path of dalliance treads.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A defamatory name for a freethinker.</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*tine</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>libertinus</i>
of a freedman: cf. F. <i>libertin</i>. See <u>Libertine</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from restraint;
uncontrolled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You are too much <i>libertine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dissolute; licentious; profligate; loose
in morals; as, <i>libertine</i> principles or manners.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*tin*ism</hw> (-t&ibreve;n*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of a libertine
or freedman.</def> [R.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Licentious conduct; debauchery;
lewdness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Licentiousness of principle or
opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That spirit of religion and seriousness vanished all
at once, and a spirit of liberty and <i>libertinism</i>, of
infidelity and profaneness, started up in the room of
it.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lib"er*ty</hw> (l&ibreve;b"&etilde;r*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Liberties</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>liberte</i>, F. <i>libert&eacute;</i>, fr. L.
<i>libertas</i>, fr. <i>liber</i> free. See <u>Liberal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of a free person; exemption from
subjection to the will of another claiming ownership of the person or
services; freedom; -- opposed to slavery, serfdom, bondage, or
subjection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But ye . . . caused every man his servant, and every
man his handmaid whom he had set at <i>liberty</i> at their pleasure,
to return, and brought them into subjection.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
xxxiv. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Delivered fro the bondage of corruption into the
glorious <i>liberty</i> of the sons of God.</blockquote> <i>Bible,
1551. Rom. viii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from imprisonment, bonds, or other
restraint upon locomotion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being pent from <i>liberty</i>, as I am
now.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A privilege conferred by a superior power;
permission granted; leave; as, <i>liberty</i> given to a child to
play, or to a witness to leave a court, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Privilege; exemption; franchise; immunity
enjoyed by prescription or by grant; as, the <i>liberties</i> of the
commercial cities of Europe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His majesty gave not an entire county to any; much
less did he grant . . . any extraordinary
<i>liberties</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The place within which certain immunities
are enjoyed, or jurisdiction is exercised.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Brought forth into some public or open place within
the <i>liberty</i> of the city, and there . . . burned.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A certain amount of freedom; permission to
go freely within certain limits; also, the place or limits within
which such freedom is exercised; as, the <i>liberties</i> of a
prison.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A privilege or license in violation of the
laws of etiquette or propriety; as, to permit, or take, a
<i>liberty</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was repeatedly provoked into striking those who had
taken <i>liberties</i> with him.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The power of choice; freedom from
necessity; freedom from compulsion or constraint in
willing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The idea of <i>liberty</i> is the idea of a power in
any agent to do or forbear any particular action, according to the
determination or thought of the mind, whereby either of them is
preferred to the other.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>liberty</i> of judgment did not of necessity
lead to lawlessness.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Manege)</i> <def>A curve or arch in a bit
to afford room for the tongue of the horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Leave of absence;
permission to go on shore.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At liberty</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Unconfined;
free</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>At leisure</cd>. -- <col><b>Civil
liberty</b></col>, <cd>exemption from arbitrary interference with
person, opinion, or property, on the part of the government under
which one lives, and freedom to take part in modifying that
government or its laws.</cd> -- <col><b>Liberty bell</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Bell</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Liberty cap</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The Roman <i>pileus</i> which was given to a
slave at his manumission</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A limp, close-
fitting cap with which the head of representations of the goddess of
liberty is often decked. It is sometimes represented on a spear or a
liberty pole.</cd> -- <col><b>Liberty of the press</b></col>,
<cd>freedom to print and publish without official supervision.</cd>
<col><b>Liberty party</b></col>, <cd>the party, in the American
Revolution, which favored independence of England; in more recent
usage, a party which favored the emancipation of the slaves.</cd> --
<col><b>Liberty pole</b></col>, <cd>a tall flagstaff planted in the
ground, often surmounted by a liberty cap.</cd> [U. S.] --
<col><b>Moral liberty</b></col>, <cd>that liberty of choice which is
essential to moral responsibility.</cd> -- <col><b>Religious
liberty</b></col>, <cd>freedom of religious opinion and
worship.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Leave; permission; license.  -- <u>Liberty</u>,
<u>Freedom</u>. These words, though often interchanged, are distinct
in some of  their applications. <i>Liberty</i> has reference to
previous restraint; <i>freedom</i>, to the simple, unrepressed
exercise of our powers. A slave is set at <i>liberty</i>; his master
had always been in a state of <i>freedom</i>. A prisoner under trial
may ask <i>liberty</i> (exemption from restraint) to speak his
sentiments with <i>freedom</i> (the spontaneous and bold utterance of
his feelings). The <i>liberty</i> of the press is our great security
for <i>freedom</i> of thought.</p>

<p><hw>Li*beth"en*ite</hw>
(l&ibreve;*b&ebreve;th"&ebreve;n*&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <i>Libethen</i>, in Hungary, where it was first found.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of an olive-green color, commonly in
orthorhombic crystals. It is a hydrous phosphate of copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*bid"i*nist</hw>
(l&ibreve;*b&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*n&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Libidinous</u>.] <def>One given to lewdness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*bid`i*nos"i*ty</hw> (-n&obreve;s"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality of being libidinous;
libidinousness.</def>
 <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*bid"i*nous</hw> (-n&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>libidinosus</i>, fr. <i>libido</i>, <i>libidinis</i>, pleasure,
desire, lust, fr. <i>libet</i>, <i>lubet</i>, it pleases: cf. F.
<i>libidineux</i>. See <u>Lief</u>.] <def>Having lustful desires;
characterized by lewdness; sensual; lascivious.</def> --
<wf>Li*bid"i*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Li*bid"i*nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lewd; lustful; lascivious; unchaste; impure;
sensual; licentious; lecherous; salacious.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Lib"ken</hw> (l&ibreve;b"k&ebreve;n), <hw>Lib"kin</hw>
(l&ibreve;b"k&ibreve;n), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>libban</i>,
E. <i>live</i>, v. i. + <i>-kin</i>.] <def>A house or lodging.</def>
[Old Slang]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Li"bra</hw> (l&imacr;"br&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Libr&aelig;</b></plw> (l&imacr;"br&emacr;). [L., a
balance.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The Balance; the
seventh sign in the zodiac, which the sun enters at the autumnal
equinox in September, marked thus &libra; in almanacs, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b )</i></sd> <def>A southern constellation between Virgo and
Scorpio.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"bral</hw> (l&imacr;"br<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>libralis</i>, fr. <i>libra</i> the Roman pound.] <def>Of a pound
weight.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*bra"ri*an</hw> (l&isl;*br&amacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Library</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who has the care or charge of a library.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who copies manuscript books.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*bra"ri*an*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
of a librarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"bra*ry</hw> (l&imacr;"br&asl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Libraries</b></plw> (-
r&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>librairie</i>, F. <i>librairie</i> bookseller's
shop, book trade, formerly, a library, fr. <i>libraire</i>
bookseller, L. <i>librarius</i>, from <i>liber</i> book; cf.
<i>libraria</i> bookseller's shop, <i>librarium</i> bookcase, It.
<i>libreria</i>. See <u>Libel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
considerable collection of books kept for use, and not as
merchandise; as, a private <i>library</i>; a public
<i>library</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A building or apartment appropriated for
holding such a collection of books.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"brate</hw> (l&imacr;"br&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Librated</u>
(l&imacr;"br&asl;*t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Librating</u>.] [L. <i>libratus</i>, p. p. of <i>librare</i> to
balance, to make even, fr. <i>libra</i>.  Cf. <u>Level</u>,
<u>Deliberate</u>, <u>Equilibrium</u>.] <def>To vibrate as a balance
does before resting in equilibrium; hence, to be poised.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their parts all <i>librate</i> on too nice a
beam.</blockquote> <i>Clifton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"brate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To poise; to
balance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*bra"tion</hw> (l&isl;*br&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>libratio</i>: cf. F. <i>libration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of librating.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A real or apparent
libratory motion, like that of a balance before coming to
rest.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Libration of the moon</b></col>, <cd>any one of those
small periodical changes in the position of the moon's surface
relatively to the earth, in consequence of which narrow portions at
opposite limbs become visible or invisible alternately. It receives
different names according to the manner in which it takes place; as:
<i>(a)</i> <i>Libration in longitude</i>, that which, depending on
the place of the moon in its elliptic orbit, causes small portions
near the eastern and western borders alternately to appear and
disappear each month. (<i>b</i>) <i>Libration in latitude</i>, that
which depends on the varying position of the moon's axis in respect
to the spectator, causing the alternate appearance and disappearance
of either pole. (<i>c</i>) <i>Diurnal</i> or <i>parallactic
libration</i>, that which brings into view on the upper limb, at
rising and setting, some parts not in the average visible
hemisphere.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Li"bra*to*ry</hw> (l&imacr;"br&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Balancing; moving like a balance, as it
tends to an equipoise or level.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*bret"tist</hw> (l&ibreve;*br&ebreve;t"t&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes a libretto.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*bret"to</hw> (l&ibreve;*br&ebreve;t"t&osl;; It.
l&esl;*br&asl;t"t&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Librettos</b></plw> (-t&omacr;z), It.
<plw><b>Libretti</b></plw> (-t&esl;). [It., dim. of <i>libro</i>
book, L. <i>liber</i>. See <u>Libel</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A book containing the words of an opera or
extended piece of music.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The words
themselves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"bri*form</hw> (l&imacr;"br&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Liber</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the form of liber, or resembling liber.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Libriform cells</b></col>, <cd>peculiar wood cells which
are very slender and relatively thick-walled, and occasionally are
furnished with bordered pits.</cd>  <i>Goodale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lib"y*an</hw> (l&ibreve;b"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Libya, the ancient name
of that part of Africa between Egypt and the Atlantic Ocean, or of
Africa as a whole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lice</hw> (l&imacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Louse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"cens*a*ble</hw> (l&imacr;"s<i>e</i>ns*&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That can be licensed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"cense</hw> (l&imacr;"s<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Written also <i>licence</i>.] [F. <i>licence</i>, L.
<i>licentia</i>, fr. <i>licere</i> to be permitted, prob. orig., to
be left free to one; akin to <i>linquere</i> to leave. See
<u>Loan</u>, and cf. <u>Illicit</u>, <u>Leisure</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Authority or liberty given to do or forbear
any act; especially, a formal permission from the proper authorities
to perform certain acts or to carry on a certain business, which
without such permission would be illegal; a grant of permission; as,
a <i>license</i> to preach, to practice medicine, to sell gunpowder
or intoxicating liquors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To have a <i>license</i> and a leave at London to
dwell.</blockquote> <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The document granting such
permission.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Excess of liberty; freedom abused, or used
in contempt of law or decorum; disregard of law or
propriety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>License</i> they mean when they cry
liberty.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That deviation from strict fact, form, or
rule, in which an artist or writer indulges, assuming that it will be
permitted for the sake of the advantage or effect gained; as, poetic
<i>license</i>; grammatical <i>license</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Leave; liberty; permission.</p>

<p><! p. 849 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Li"cense</hw> (l&imacr;"s<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Licensed</u>
(l&imacr;"s<i>e</i>nst); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Licensing</u>.] <def>To permit or authorize by license; to give
license to; as, to <i>license</i> a man to preach.</def>  <i>Milton.
Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"censed</hw> (l&imacr;"s<i>e</i>nst), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a license; permitted or authorized by license; as, a
<i>licensed</i> victualer; a <i>licensed</i> traffic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Licensed victualer</b></col>, <cd>one who has a license to
keep an inn or eating house; esp., a victualer who has a license to
sell intoxicating liquors.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Li`cen*see"</hw> (l&imacr;`s<i>e</i>n*s&emacr;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The person to whom a license
is given.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"cens*er</hw> (l&imacr;"s<i>e</i>ns*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gives a license; as, a
<i>licenser</i> of the press.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"cen*sure</hw> (l&imacr;"s<i>e</i>n*sh&usl;r; 135),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A licensing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Li*cen"ti*ate</hw> (l&isl;*s&ebreve;n"sh&ibreve;*&asl;t or -
sh&asl;t; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>licentiatus</i>, fr.
<i>licentiare</i> to allow to do anything, fr. L. <i>licentia</i>
license. See <u>License</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who has a license to exercise a profession; as, a
<i>licentiate</i> in medicine or theology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The college of physicians, in July, 1687, published an
edict, requiring all the fellows, candidates, and <i>licentiates</i>,
to give gratuitous advice to the neighboring poor.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A friar authorized to receive confessions
and grant absolution in all places, independently of the local
clergy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who acts without restraint, or takes a
liberty, as if having a license therefor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>On the continent of Europe, a university
degree intermediate between that of bachelor and that of
doctor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*cen"ti*ate</hw> (-sh&ibreve;*&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To give a license to.</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*cen"tious</hw> (-sh&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>licentiosus</i>:  cf. F. <i>licencieux</i>. See <u>License</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by license; passing due bounds;
excessive; abusive of freedom; wantonly offensive; as, a
<i>licentious</i> press.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wit that no <i>licentious</i> pertness
knows.</blockquote> <i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unrestrained by law or morality; lawless;
immoral; dissolute; lewd; lascivious; as, a <i>licentious</i> man; a
<i>licentious</i> life.</def> "<i>Licentious</i> wickedness."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unrestrained; uncurbed; uncontrolled; unruly;
riotous; ungovernable; wanton; profligate; dissolute; lax; loose;
sensual; impure; unchaste; lascivious; immoral.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Li*cen"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Li*cen"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lich</hw> (l&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lich</hw> (l&ibreve;ch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>l&imacr;c</i> body. See <u>Like</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A
dead body; a corpse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Lich fowl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European
goatsucker; -- called also <i>lich owl</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lich
gate</b></col>, <cd>a covered gate through which the corpse was
carried to the church or burial place, and where the bier was placed
to await the clergyman; a corpse gate.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i> -- <col><b>Lich wake</b></col>, <cd>the wake, or
watching, held over a corpse before burial.</cd> [Prov Eng.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Lich wall</b></col>, <cd>the wall of a
churchyard or burying ground.</cd> -- <col><b>Lich way</b></col>,
<cd>the path by which the dead are carried to the grave.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Li"chen</hw> (l&imacr;"k&ebreve;n; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L., fr. Gr. <grk>leichh`n</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>One of a class of cellular, flowerless plants, (technically
called <i>Lichenes</i>), having no distinction of leaf and stem,
usually of scaly, expanded, frond-like forms, but sometimes erect or
pendulous and variously branched. They derive their nourishment from
the air, and generate by means of spores. The species are very widely
distributed, and form irregular spots or patches, usually of a
greenish or yellowish color, upon rocks, trees, and various bodies,
to which they adhere with great tenacity. They are often improperly
called <i>rock moss</i> or <i>tree moss</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A favorite modern theory of lichens (called after its
inventor the <i>Schwendener hypothesis</i>), is that they are not
autonomous plants, but that they consist of ascigerous fungi,
parasitic on alg&aelig;. Each lichen is composed of white filaments
and green, or greenish, rounded cells, and it is argued that the two
are of different nature, the one living at the expense of the other.
See <u>Hyph&aelig;</u>, and <u>Gonidia</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A name given to several
varieties of skin disease, esp. to one characterized by the eruption
of small, conical or flat, reddish pimples, which, if unchecked, tend
to spread and produce great and even fatal exhaustion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"chened</hw> (l&imacr;"k&ebreve;nd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Belonging to, or covered with, lichens.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*chen"ic</hw> (l&isl;*k&ebreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or obtained from,
lichens.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lichenic acid</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An
organic acid, C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>24</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, obtained
from Iceland moss</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An old name of
fumaric acid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Li*chen"i*form</hw> (-&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form of a lichen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"chen*in</hw> (l&imacr;"k&ebreve;n*&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance isomeric with
starch, extracted from several species of moss and lichen, esp. from
Iceland moss.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Li`chen*o*graph"ic</hw>
(l&imacr;`k&ebreve;n*&osl;*gr&abreve;f"&ibreve;k),
<hw>Li`chen*o*graph"ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>lich&eacute;nographique</i>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to lichenography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li`chen*og"ra*phist</hw> (-&obreve;g"r&adot;*f&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who describes lichens; one versed in
lichenography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li`chen*og"ra*phy</hw>
(l&imacr;`k&ebreve;n*&obreve;g"r&adot;*f&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lichen</i> + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F.
<i>lich&eacute;nographie</i>.] <def>A description of lichens; the
science which illustrates the natural history of lichens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li`chen*ol"o*gist</hw> (-&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in lichenology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li`chen*ol"o*gy</hw> (-j&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Lichen</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats of
lichens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"chen*ous</hw> (l&imacr;"k&ebreve;n*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, lichens;
abounding in lichens; covered with lichens.</def>  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"chi`</hw> (l&emacr;"ch&emacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Litchi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lich"wale`</hw> (l&ibreve;ch"w&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The gromwell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lich"wort`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An herb, the wall pellitory. See
<u>Pellitory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lic"it</hw> (l&ibreve;s"&ibreve;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>licitus</i> permitted, lawful, from <i>licere</i>: cf. F.
<i>licite</i>. See <u>License</u>.] <def>Lawful.</def> "<i>Licit</i>
establishments." <i>Carlyle.</i> -- <wf>Lic"it*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Lic"it*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lic`i*ta"tion</hw> (l&ibreve;s`&ibreve;*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>licitatio</i>, fr. <i>licitari</i>,
<i>liceri</i>, to bid, offer a price.] <def>The act of offering for
sale to the highest bidder.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Lick</hw> (l&ibreve;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Licked</u> (l&ibreve;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Licking</u>.] [AS. <i>liccian</i>; akin to OS.
<i>likk&omacr;n</i>, D. <i>likken</i>, OHG. <i>lecch&omacr;n</i>, G.
<i>lecken</i>, Goth. <i>bi-laig&omacr;n</i>, Russ. <i>lizate</i>, L.
<i>lingere</i>, Gr. <grk>lei`chein</grk> , Skr. <i>lih</i>,
<i>rih</i>. &radic;121.  Cf. <u>Lecher</u>, <u>Relish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw or pass the tongue over; as, a dog
<i>licks</i> his master's hand.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lap; to take in with the tongue; as, a
dog or cat <i>licks</i> milk.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To lick the dust</b></col>, <cd>to be slain; to fall in
battle.</cd> "His enemies shall <i>lick the dust</i>."  <i>Ps. lxxii.
9.</i> -- <col><b>To lick into shape</b></col>, <cd>to give proper
form to; -- from a notion that the bear's cubs are born shapeless and
subsequently formed by licking.</cd> <i>Hudibras.</i> -- <col><b>To
lick the spittle of</b></col>, <cd>to fawn upon.</cd> <i>South.</i> -
- <col><b>To lick up</b></col>, <cd>to take all of by licking; to
devour; to consume entirely.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> <i>Num. xxii.
4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lick</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stroke of the tongue
in licking.</def> "A <i>lick</i> at the honey pot."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quick and careless application of
anything, as if by a stroke of the tongue, or of something which acts
like a tongue; as, to put on colors with a <i>lick</i> of the brush.
Also, a small quantity of any substance so applied.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>lick</i> of court whitewash.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place where salt is found on the surface
of the earth, to which wild animals resort to lick it up; -- often,
but not always, near salt springs.</def> [U. S.]
</p>

<p><hw>Lick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OSw. <i>l&auml;gga</i>
to place, strike, prick.] <def>To strike with repeated blows for
punishment; to flog; to whip or conquer, as in a pugilistic
encounter.</def> [Colloq. or Low]  <i>Carlyle. Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slap; a quick
stroke.</def>[Colloq.] "A <i>lick</i> across the face."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lick"er</hw> (l&ibreve;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Lecher</u>.] <def>One who, or that which, licks.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Licker in</b></col> <i>(Carding Machine)</i>, <cd>the
drum, or cylinder, by which the lap is taken from the feed
rollers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lick"er*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Lecherous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Eager; craving; urged by desire; eager to
taste or enjoy; greedy.</def> "The <i>lickerish</i> palate of the
glutton."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tempting the appetite; dainty.</def>
"<i>Lickerish</i> baits, fit to insnare a brute."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lecherous; lustful.</def>  <i>Robert of
Brunne.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Lick"er*ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lick"er*ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lick"er*ous</hw> (-&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lickerish; eager; lustful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>-- <wf>Lick"er*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lick"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
lapping with the tongue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flogging or castigation.</def> [Colloq.
or Low]</p>

<p><hw>Lick"pen`ny</hw> (-p&ebreve;n`n&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A devourer or absorber of money.</def> "Law is a
<i>lickpenny</i>."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lick"-spig`ot</hw> (-sp&ibreve;g`&ubreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tapster.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lick"-spit`tle</hw> (-sp&ibreve;t`t'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An abject flatterer or parasite.</def>  <i>Theodore
Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lic"o*rice</hw> (l&ibreve;k"&osl;*r&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>licoris</i>, through old French, fr. L.
<i>liquiritia</i>, corrupted fr. <i>glycyrrhiza</i>, Gr.
<grk>glyky`rriza</grk>; <grk>glyky`s</grk> sweet + <grk>"ri`za</grk>
root.  Cf. <u>Glycerin</u>, <u>Glycyrrhiza</u>, <u>Wort</u>.]
[Written also <i>liquorice</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant of the genus <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> (<i>G. glabra</i>), the
root of which abounds with a sweet juice, and is much used in
demulcent compositions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The inspissated juice of licorice root,
used as a confection and for medicinal purposes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Licorice fern</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of
several kinds of polypody which have rootstocks of a sweetish
flavor.</cd> -- <col><b>Licorice sugar</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Glycyrrhizin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Licorice weed</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the tropical plant <i>Scapania dulcis</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mountain licorice</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of
clover (<i>Trifolium alpinum</i>), found in the Alps. It has large
purplish flowers and a sweetish perennial rootstock.</cd> --
<col><b>Wild licorice</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The North American perennial herb <i>Glycyrrhiza
lepidota</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Certain broad-leaved
cleavers (<i>Galium circ&aelig;zans</i> and <i>G.
lanceolatum</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The leguminous climber
<i>Abrus precatorius</i>, whose scarlet and black seeds are called
<i>black-eyed Susans</i>. Its roots are used as a substitute for
those of true licorice (<i>Glycyrrhiza glabra</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lic"o*rous</hw> (l&ibreve;k"&osl;*r&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Lickerish</u>.</def> --
<wf>Lic"o*rous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lic"our</hw> (l&ibreve;k"&obreve;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Liquor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lic"tor</hw> (l&ibreve;k"t&obreve;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An officer who bore an ax and fasces
or rods, as ensigns of his office. His duty was to attend the chief
magistrates when they appeared in public, to clear the way, and cause
due respect to be paid to them, also to apprehend and punish
criminals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Lictors</i> and rods, the ensigns of their
power.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lid</hw> (l&ibreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hlid</i>,
fr. <i>hl&imacr;dan</i> (in comp.) to cover, shut; akin to OS.
<i>hl&imacr;dan</i> (in comp.), D. <i>lid</i> lid, OHG. <i>hlit</i>,
G. augen<i>lid</i> eyelid, Icel. <i>hli&eth;</i> gate, gateway.
&radic;40.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which covers the opening of a vessel
or box, etc.; a movable cover; as, the <i>lid</i> of a chest or
trunk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cover of the eye; an eyelid.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tears, big tears, gushed from the rough soldier's
<i>lid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
cover of the spore cases of mosses.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
calyx which separates from the flower, and falls off in a single
piece, as in the Australian <i>Eucalypti</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The top of an ovary which opens
transversely, as in the fruit of the purslane and the tree which
yields Brazil nuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lid"ded</hw> (l&ibreve;d"d&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Covered with a lid.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lidge</hw> (l&ibreve;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ledge</u>.</def>[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lid"less</hw> (l&ibreve;d"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having no lid, or not covered with the lids, as the eyes; hence,
sleepless; watchful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>lidless</i> watcher of the public
weal.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lie</hw> (l&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lye</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lie</hw> (l&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lyge</i>;
akin to D. <i>leugen</i>, OHG. <i>lugi</i>, G. <i>l&uuml;ge</i>,
<i>lug</i>, Icel. <i>lygi</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>l&ouml;gn</i>, Goth.
<i>liugn</i>. See <u>Lie</u> to utter a falsehood.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A falsehood uttered or acted for the purpose
of deception; an intentional violation of truth; an untruth spoken
with the intention to deceive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The proper notion of a <i>lie</i> is an endeavoring to
deceive another by signifying that to him as true, which we ourselves
think not to be so.</blockquote> <i>S. Clarke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is willful deceit that makes a <i>lie</i>. A man
may act a <i>lie</i>, as by pointing his finger in a wrong direction
when a traveler inquires of him his road.</blockquote>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fiction; a fable; an untruth.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything which misleads or
disappoints.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wishing this <i>lie</i> of life was o'er.</blockquote>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To give the lie to</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
charge with falsehood; as, the man <i>gave him the lie</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To reveal to be false; as, a man's actions
may <i>give the lie to</i> his words.</cd> -- <col><b>White
lie</b></col>, <cd>a euphemism for such lies as one finds it
convenient to tell, and excuses himself for telling.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Untruth; falsehood; fiction; deception.  --
<u>Lie</u>, <u>Untruth</u>. A man may state what is <i>untrue</i>
from ignorance or misconception; hence, to impute an <i>untruth</i>
to one is not necessarily the same as charging him with a <i>lie</i>.
Every <i>lie</i> is an <i>untruth</i>, but not every <i>untruth</i>
is a <i>lie</i>.  Cf. <u>Falsity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lie</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lied</u> (l&imacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lying</u> (l&imacr;"&ibreve;ng).] [OE. <i>lien</i>,
<i>li&yogh;en</i>, <i>le&yogh;en</i>, <i>leo&yogh;en</i>, AS.
<i>le&oacute;gan</i>; akin to D. <i>liegen</i>, OS. &amp;  OHG.
<i>liogan</i>, G. <i>l&uuml;gen</i>, Icel. <i>lj&umacr;ga</i>, Sw.
<i>ljuga</i>, Dan. <i>lyve</i>, Goth. <i>liugan</i>, Russ.
<i>lgate</i>.] <def>To utter falsehood with an intention to deceive;
to say or do that which is intended to deceive another, when he a
right to know the truth, or when morality requires a just
representation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lie</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Lay</u> (l&amacr;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lain</u>
(l&amacr;n), (<u>Lien</u> (l&imacr;"&ebreve;n), Obs.); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Lying</u>.] [OE. <i>lien</i>, <i>liggen</i>,
AS. <i>licgan</i>; akin to D. <i>liggen</i>, OHG. <i>ligen</i>,
<i>licken</i>, G. <i>liegen</i>, Icel. <i>liggja</i>, Sw.
<i>ligga</i>, Dan. <i>ligge</i>, Goth.  <i>ligan</i>, Russ.
<i>lejate</i>, L. <i>lectus</i> bed, Gr. <grk>le`chos</grk> bed,
<grk>le`xasqai</grk> to lie.  Cf. <u>Lair</u>, <u>Law</u>,
<u>Lay</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Litter</u>, <u>Low</u>,
<pos><i>adj.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rest extended on
the ground, a bed, or any support; to be, or to put one's self, in an
horizontal position, or nearly so; to be prostate; to be stretched
out; -- often with <i>down</i>, when predicated of living creatures;
as, the book <i>lies</i> on the table; the snow <i>lies</i> on the
roof; he <i>lies</i> in his coffin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The watchful traveler . . . <BR>
<i>Lay</i> down again, and closed his weary eyes.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be situated; to occupy a certain place;
as, Ireland <i>lies</i> west of England; the meadows <i>lie</i> along
the river; the ship <i>lay</i> in port.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To abide; to remain for a longer or
shorter time; to be in a certain state or condition; as, to
<i>lie</i> waste; to <i>lie</i> fallow; to <i>lie</i> open; to
<i>lie</i> hid; to <i>lie</i> grieving; to <i>lie</i> under one's
displeasure; to <i>lie</i> at the mercy of the waves; the paper does
not <i>lie</i> smooth on the wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be or exist; to belong or pertain; to
have an abiding place; to consist; -- with <i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Envy <i>lies</i> between beings equal in nature,
though unequal in circumstances.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that thinks that diversion may not <i>lie</i> in
hard labor, forgets the early rising and hard riding of
huntsmen.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To lodge; to sleep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whiles I was now trifling at home, I saw London, . . .
where I <i>lay</i> one night only.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Quinion <i>lay</i> at our house that
night.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To be still or quiet, like one lying down
to rest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wind is loud and will not <i>lie</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To be sustainable; to be
capable of being maintained.</def> "An appeal <i>lies</i> in this
case."  <i>Parsons.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Through ignorance or carelessness speakers and writers
often confuse the forms of the two distinct verbs <i>lay</i> and
<i>lie</i>. <i>Lay</i> is a transitive verb, and has for its preterit
<i>laid</i>; as, he told me to <i>lay</i> it down, and I <i>laid</i>
it down. <i>Lie</i> is intransitive, and has for its preterit
<i>lay</i>; as, he told me to <i>lie</i> down, and I <i>lay</i> down.
Some persons blunder by using <i>laid</i> for the preterit of
<i>lie</i>; as, he told me to <i>lie</i> down, and I <i>laid</i>
down. So persons often say incorrectly, the ship <i>laid</i> at
anchor; they <i>laid</i> by during the storm; the book was
<i>laying</i> on the shelf, etc. It is only necessary to remember, in
all such cases, that <i>laid</i> is the preterit of <i>lay</i>, and
not of <i>lie</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>To lie along the shore</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to
coast, keeping land in sight.</cd> -- <col><b>To lie at the door
of</b></col>, <cd>to be imputable to; as, the sin, blame, etc.,
<i>lies at your door</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To lie at the
heart</b></col>, <cd>to be an object of affection, desire, or
anxiety.</cd> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i> -- <col><b>To lie at the mercy
of</b></col>, <cd>to be in the power of.</cd> -- <col><b>To lie
by</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To remain with; to be at hand;
as, he has the manuscript <i>lying by</i> him</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To rest; to intermit labor; as, we <i>lay
by</i> during the heat of the day.</cd> -- <col><b>To lie
hard</b></col> or <col><b>heavy</b></col>, <cd>to press or weigh; to
bear hard.</cd> -- <col><b>To lie in</b></col>, <cd>to be in
childbed; to bring forth young.</cd> -- <col><b>To lie in
one</b></col>, <cd>to be in the power of; to belong to.</cd> "As much
as <i>lieth in you</i>, live peaceably with all men." <i>Rom. xii.
18.</i> -- <col><b>To lie in the way</b></col>, <cd>to be an obstacle
or impediment.</cd> -- <col><b>To lie in wait</b></col> , <cd>to wait
in concealment; to lie in ambush.</cd> -- <col><b>To lie on</b></col>
or <col><b>upon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To depend on; as,
his life <i>lies on</i> the result</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
bear, rest, press, or weigh on.</cd> -- <col><b>To lie low</b></col>,
<cd>to remain in concealment or inactive.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>To
lie on hand</b></col>, <col><b>To lie on one's hands</b></col>,
<cd>to remain unsold or unused; as, the goods are still <i>lying on
his hands</i>; they have too much time <i>lying on their
hands</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To lie on the head of</b></col>, <cd>to be
imputed to.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>What he gets more of her than sharp words, let it
<i>lie on my head</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To lie over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
remain unpaid after the time when payment is due, as a note in
bank.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be deferred to some future
occasion, as a resolution in a public deliberative body.</cd> --
<col><b>To lie to</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to stop or delay;
especially, to head as near the wind as possible as being the
position of greatest safety in a gale; -- said of a ship.  Cf. <i>To
bring to</i>, under <u>Bring</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To lie
under</b></col>, <cd>to be subject to; to suffer; to be oppressed
by.</cd> -- <col><b>To lie with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
lodge or sleep with.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To have sexual
intercourse with.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To belong to; as, it
<i>lies with</i> you to make amends.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 850 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Lie</hw> (l&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The position or
way in which anything lies; the lay, as of land or country.</def>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He surveyed with his own eyes . . . the <i>lie</i> of
the country on the side towards Thrace.</blockquote> <i>Jowett
(Thucyd.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Lie"ber*k&uuml;hn</hw> (l&emacr;"b&etilde;r*k&usd;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after a German physician and instrument
maker, J. N. <i>Lieberk&uuml;hn</i>.] <i>(Optics)</i> <def>A concave
metallic mirror attached to the object-glass end of a microscope, to
throw down light on opaque objects; a reflector.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lie"ber*k&uuml;hn's glands`</hw> (l&emacr;"b&etilde;r*k&usd;nz
gl&abreve;ndz`). [See <u>Lieberk&uuml;hn</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The simple tubular glands of the small intestines; -- called
also <i>crypts of Lieberk&uuml;hn</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lied</hw> (l&emacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lieder</b></plw> (l&emacr;"d&etilde;r). [G.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A lay; a German song. It differs from the French <i>chanson</i>,
and the Italian <i>canzone</i>, all three being national.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The German <i>Lied</i> is perhaps the most faithful
reflection of the national sentiment.</blockquote> <i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lie"der*ta`fel</hw> (l&emacr;"d&etilde;r*t&auml;`f'l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., lit., a song table.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
popular name for any society or club which meets for the practice of
male part songs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lief</hw> (l&emacr;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Lif</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lief</hw> (l&emacr;f), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>lieve</i>.] [OE. <i>leef</i>, <i>lef</i>, <i>leof</i>, AS.
<i>le&oacute;f</i>; akin to OS. <i>liof</i>, OFries. <i>liaf</i>, D.
<i>lief</i>, G. <i>lieb</i>, OHG. <i>liob</i>, Icel.
<i>lj&umacr;fr</i>, Sw. <i>ljuf</i>, Goth. <i>liubs</i>, and E.
<i>love</i>. &radic;124. See <u>Love</u>, and cf. <u>Believe</u>,
<u>Leave</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Furlough</u>,
<u>Libidinous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dear; beloved.</def>
[Obs., except in poetry.] "My <i>liefe</i> mother." <i>Chaucer.</i>
"My <i>liefest</i> liege." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As thou art <i>lief</i> and dear.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> (Used with a form of the verb <i>to be</i>, and
the dative of the personal pronoun.) <def>Pleasing; agreeable;
acceptable; preferable.</def> [Obs.] See <u>Lief</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, and <i>Had as lief</i>, under <u>Had</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Full <i>lief</i> me were this counsel for to
hide.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Death me <i>liefer</i> were than such
despite.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Willing; disposed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am not <i>lief</i> to gab.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He up arose, however <i>lief</i> or loth.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lief</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dear one; a
sweetheart.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lief</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Gladly; willingly;
freely; -- now used only in the phrases, <i>had as lief</i>, and
<i>would as lief</i>; as, I had, or would, as <i>lief</i> go as
not.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All women <i>liefest</i> would<BR>
Be sovereign of man's love.</blockquote> <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I had as <i>lief</i> the town crier spoke my
lines.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Far <i>liefer</i> by his dear hand had I
die.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The comparative <i>liefer</i> with <i>had</i> or
<i>would</i>, and followed by the infinitive, either with or without
the sign <i>to</i>, signifies <i>prefer</i>, <i>choose as
preferable</i>, <i>would</i> or <i>had rather</i>. In the 16th
century <i>rather</i> was substituted for <i>liefer</i> in such
constructions in literary English, and has continued to be generally
so used. See <i>Had as lief</i>, <i>Had rather</i>, etc. , under
<u>Had</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lief"some</hw> (l&emacr;f"s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pleasing; delightful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lieg"ance</hw> (l&emacr;"j<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Ligeance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liege</hw> (l&emacr;j), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lige</i>,
<i>lege</i>, F. <i>lige</i>, LL. <i>ligius</i>, <i>legius</i>, liege,
unlimited, complete, prob. of German origin; cf. G. <i>ledig</i> free
from bonds and obstacles, MHG. <i>ledec</i>, <i>ledic</i>,
<i>lidic</i>, freed, loosed, and Charta Ottonis de Benthem, ann.
1253, "<i>ligius homo</i> quod Teutonic&egrave; dicitur
<i>ledigman</i>," i. e., uni soli homagio obligatus, free from all
obligations to others; influenced by L. <i>ligare</i> to bind. G.
<i>ledig</i> perh. orig. meant, free to go where one pleases, and is
perh. akin to E. <i>lead</i> to conduct.  Cf. <u>Lead</u> to guide.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sovereign; independent; having authority or
right to allegiance; as, a <i>liege</i> lord.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She looked as grand as doomsday and as grave;<BR>
And he, he reverenced his <i>liege</i> lady there.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Serving an independent sovereign or
master; bound by a feudal tenure; obliged to be faithful and loyal to
a superior, as a vassal to his lord; faithful; loyal; as, a
<i>liege</i> man; a <i>liege</i> subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>Full; perfect; complete;
pure.</def> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Liege homage</b></col> <i>(Feudal Custom)</i>, <cd>that
homage of one sovereign or prince to another which acknowledged an
obligation of fealty and services.</cd> -- <col><b>Liege
poustie</b></col> [L. <i>legitima potestas</i>] <i>(Scots Law)</i>,
<cd>perfect, <i>i. e.</i>, legal, power; specif., having health
requisite to do legal acts.</cd> -- <col><b>Liege
widowhood</b></col>, <cd>perfect, <i>i. e.</i>, pure, widowhood.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Liege</hw> (l&emacr;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A free and independent person; specif., a
lord paramount; a sovereign.</def> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The anointed sovereign of sighs and groans,<BR>
<i>Liege</i> of all loiterers and malcontents.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The subject of a sovereign or lord; a
liegeman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A liege lord seems to have been a lord of a free band;
and his <i>lieges</i>, though serving under him, were privileged men,
free from all other obligations, their name being due to their
freedom, not to their service.</blockquote> <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liege"man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Liegemen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>Same as <u>Liege</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def>  <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lie"ger</hw> (l&emacr;"j&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Leger</u>, <u>Ledger</u>.] <def>A resident ambassador.</def>
[Obs.] See <u>Leger</u>.  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lie"gian*cy</hw> (l&emacr;"j<i>a</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Ligeance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"en</hw> (l&imacr;"&ebreve;n), obs. <def><pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Lie</u>. See <u>Lain</u>.</def>  <i>Ps. lxviii.
13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lien</hw> (l&emacr;n or l&imacr;"&ebreve;n; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lien</i> band, bond, tie, fr. L.
<i>ligamen</i>, fr.  <i>ligare</i> to bind.  Cf. <u>League</u> a
union, <u>Leam</u> a string, <u>Leamer</u>, <u>Ligament</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A legal claim; a charge upon real or personal
property for the satisfaction of some debt or duty; a right in one to
control or hold and retain the property of another until some claim
of the former is paid or satisfied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*e"nal</hw> (l&isl;*&emacr;"n<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lien</i> the spleen.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the spleen; splenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Li*en"cu*lus</hw> (l&isl;*&ebreve;&nsm;"k&usl;*l&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Lienculi</b></plw> (-
l&imacr;). [NL., dim. of L. <i>lien</i> the spleen.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>One of the small nodules sometimes found in the neighborhood of
the spleen; an accessory or supplementary spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*e`no-in*tes"ti*nal</hw> (l&isl;*&emacr;`n&osl;-
&ibreve;n*t&ebreve;s"t&ibreve;*n<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lien</i> the spleen + E. <i>intestinal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the spleen and intestine; as, the <i>lieno-
intestinal</i> vein of the frog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li`en*ter"ic</hw> (l&imacr;`&ebreve;n*t&ebreve;r"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lientericus</i>, Gr.
<grk>leienteriko`s</grk>: cf. F. <i>lient&eacute;rique</i>. See
<u>Lientery</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to, or of the
nature of, a lientery.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A lientery.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"en*ter*y</hw> (l&imacr;"&ebreve;n*t&ebreve;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>leienteri`a</grk>; <grk>lei^os</grk>
smooth, soft + <grk>'e`nteron</grk> an intestine: cf. F.
<i>lient&eacute;rie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A diarrhea, in which the
food is discharged imperfectly digested, or with but little
change.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"er</hw> (l&imacr;"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Lie</u>. ] <def>One who lies down; one who rests or remains, as in
concealment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There were <i>liers</i> in ambush against
him.</blockquote> <i>Josh. viii. 14.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lierne" rib`</hw> (ly&acirc;rn" r&ibreve;b`). [F.
<i>lierne</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>In Gothic vaulting, any rib which
does not spring from the impost and is not a ridge rib, but passes
from one boss or intersection of the principal ribs to
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lieu</hw> (l&umacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., OF. also
<i>liu</i>, <i>leu</i>, <i>lou</i>, fr. L. <i>locus</i> place. See
<u>Local</u>, <u>Locus</u>.] <def>Place; room; stead; -- used only in
the phrase <i>in lieu of</i>, that is, <i>instead of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The plan of extortion had been adopted in <i>lieu</i>
of the scheme of confiscation.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lieu*ten"an*cy</hw> (l&usl;*t&ebreve;n"<i>a</i>n*s&ybreve;;
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office, rank,
or commission, of a lieutenant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The body of lieutenants or
subordinates.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The list of the <i>lieutenancy</i> of our
metropolis.</blockquote> <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lieu*ten"ant</hw> (l&usl;*t&ebreve;n"<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>lieu</i> place + <i>tenant</i>
holding, p. pr. of <i>tenir</i> to hold, L. <i>tenere</i>. See
<u>Lieu</u>, and <u>Tenant</u>, and cf. <u>Locum Tenens</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An officer who supplies the place of a
superior in his absence; a representative of, or substitute for,
another in the performance of any duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lawful magistrate, who is the vicegerent or
<i>lieutenant</i> of God.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A commissioned officer
in the army, next below a captain.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
commissioned officer in the British navy, in rank next below a
commander.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A commissioned officer in
the United States navy, in rank next below a lieutenant
commander.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Lieutenant</i> is often used, either adjectively or in
hyphened compounds, to denote an officer, in rank next below another,
especially when the duties of the higher officer may devolve upon the
lower one; as, <i>lieutenant</i> general, or <i>lieutenant-
</i>general; <i>lieutenant</i> colonel, or <i>lieutenant-</i>colonel;
<i>lieutenant</i> governor, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Deputy lieutenant</b></col>, <cd>the title of any one of
the deputies or assistants of the lord lieutenant of a county.</cd>
[Eng.] -- <col><b>Lieutenant colonel</b></col>, <cd>an army officer
next in rank above major, and below colonel.</cd> --
<col><b>Lieutenant commander</b></col>, <cd>an officer in the United
States navy, in rank next below a commander and next above a
lieutenant.</cd> -- <col><b>Lieutenant general</b></col>. <cd>See in
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Lieutenant governor</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An officer of a State, being next in rank to
the governor, and, in case of the death or resignation of the latter,
himself acting as governor</cd>. [U. S.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
deputy governor acting as the chief civil officer of one of several
colonies under a governor general.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lieu*ten"ant gen"er*al</hw> (j&ebreve;n"&etilde;r*<i>a</i>l).
<def>An army officer in rank next below a general and next above a
major general.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States, before the civil war, this rank had
been conferred only on George Washington and (in brevet) on Winfield
Scott. In 1864 it was revived by Congress and conferred on Ulysses S.
Grant, and subsequently, by promotion, on William T. Sherman and
Philip H. Sheridan, each of whom was advanced to the rank of
<i>general of the army</i>. When Sheridan was made general (in 1888)
the rank of lieutenant general was suffered to lapse. See
<u>General</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lieu*ten"ant*ry</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Lieutenancy</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lieu*ten"ant*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Lieutenancy</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lieve</hw> (l&emacr;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Lief</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lif</hw> (l&ibreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>lief</i>.] <def>The fiber by which the petioles of the date palm
are bound together, from which various kinds of cordage are
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Life</hw> (l&imacr;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lives</b></plw> (l&imacr;vz). [AS. <i>l&imacr;f</i>; akin to
D. <i>lijf</i> body, G. <i>leib</i> body, MHG. <i>l&imacr;p</i> life,
body, OHG. <i>l&imacr;b</i> life, Icel. <i>l&imacr;f</i>, life, body,
Sw. <i>lif</i>, Dan. <i>liv</i>, and E. <i>live</i>, v. &radic;119.
See <u>Live</u>, and cf. <u>Alive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state of being which begins with generation, birth, or germination,
and ends with death; also, the time during which this state
continues; that state of an animal or plant in which all or any of
its organs are capable of performing all or any of their functions; -
- used of all animal and vegetable organisms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of human beings: The union of the soul and
body; also, the duration of their union; sometimes, the deathless
quality or existence of the soul; as, man is a creature having an
immortal <i>life</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She shows a body rather than a
<i>life</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The potential principle,
or force, by which the organs of animals and plants are started and
continued in the performance of their several and co&ouml;perative
functions; the vital force, whether regarded as physical or
spiritual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: The potential or animating
principle, also, the period of duration, of anything that is
conceived of as resembling a natural organism in structure or
functions; as, the <i>life</i> of a state, a machine, or a book;
authority is the <i>life</i> of government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A certain way or manner of living with
respect to conditions, circumstances, character, conduct, occupation,
etc.; hence, human affairs; also, lives, considered collectively, as
a distinct class or type; as, low <i>life</i>; a good or evil
<i>life</i>; the <i>life</i> of Indians, or of miners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which before us lies in daily
<i>life</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By experience of <i>life</i> abroad in the
world.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Lives</i> of great men all remind us<BR>
We can make our <i>lives</i> sublime.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is from high <i>life</i> high characters are
drawn.</blockquote> <i>Pope</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Animation; spirit; vivacity; vigor;
energy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No notion of <i>life</i> and fire in fancy and in
words.</blockquote> <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That gives thy gestures grace and
<i>life</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That which imparts or excites spirit or
vigor; that upon which enjoyment or success depends; as, he was the
<i>life</i> of the company, or of the enterprise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The living or actual form, person, thing,
or state; as, a picture or a description from the
<i>life</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A person; a living being, usually a human
being; as, many <i>lives</i> were sacrificed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The system of animal nature; animals in
general, or considered collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full nature swarms with <i>life</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>An essential constituent of life, esp.
the blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The words that I speak unto you . . . they are
<i>life</i>.</blockquote> <i>John vi. 63.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The warm <i>life</i> came issuing through the
wound.</blockquote> <i>Pope</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A history of the acts and events of a
life; a biography; as, Johnson wrote the <i>life</i> of
Milton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Enjoyment in the right use of the powers;
especially, a spiritual existence; happiness in the favor of God;
heavenly felicity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Something dear to one as one's existence;
a darling; -- used as a term of endearment.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Life</i> forms the first part of many compounds, for the
most part of obvious meaning; as, <i>life-</i>giving, <i>life-
</i>sustaining, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Life annuity</b></col>, <cd>an annuity payable during
one's life.</cd> -- <col><b>Life arrow</b></col>, <col><b>Life
rocket</b></col>, <col><b>Life shot</b></col>, <cd>an arrow, rocket,
or shot, for carrying an attached line to a vessel in distress in
order to save life.</cd> -- <col><b>Life assurance</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Life insurance</i>, below.</cd>  -- <col><b>Life buoy</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Buoy</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Life car</b></col>, <cd>a water-
tight boat or box, traveling on a line from a wrecked vessel to the
shore. In it persons are hauled through the waves and surf.</cd> --
<col><b>Life drop</b></col>, <cd>a drop of vital blood.</cd>
<i>Byron.</i> -- <col><b>Life estate</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an
estate which is held during the term of some certain person's life,
but does not pass by inheritance.</cd> -- <col><b>Life
everlasting</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant with white or yellow
persistent scales about the heads of the flowers, as
<i>Antennaria</i>, and <i>Gnaphalium</i>; cudweed.</cd> --
<col><b>Life of an execution</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the period
when an execution is in force, or before it expires.</cd> --
<col><b>Life guard</b></col>. <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Guard</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Life insurance</b></col>, <cd>the act
or system of insuring against death; a contract by which the insurer
undertakes, in consideration of the payment of a premium (usually at
stated periods), to pay a stipulated sum in the event of the death of
the insured or of a third person in whose life the insured has an
interest.</cd> -- <col><b>Life interest</b></col>, <cd>an estate or
interest which lasts during one's life, or the life of another
person, but does not pass by inheritance.</cd> -- <col><b>Life
land</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>land held by lease for the term of a
life or lives.</cd> -- <col><b>Life line</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>A line along any part of a
vessel for the security of sailors</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
line attached to a life boat, or to any life saving apparatus, to be
grasped by a person in the water.</cd> -- <col><b>Life
rate</b></col>, <cd>the rate of premium for insuring a life.</cd> --
<col><b>Life rent</b></col>, <cd>the rent of a life estate; rent or
property to which one is entitled during one's life.</cd> --
<col><b>Life school</b></col>, <cd>a school for artists in which they
model, paint, or draw from living models.</cd> -- <col><b>Life
table</b></col>, <cd>a table showing the probability of life at
different ages.</cd> -- <col><b>To lose one's life</b></col>, <cd>to
die.</cd> -- <col><b>To seek the life of</b></col>, <cd>to seek to
kill.</cd> -- <col><b>To the life</b></col>, <cd>so as closely to
resemble the living person or the subject; as, the portrait was drawn
<i>to the life</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Life"blood`</hw> (l&imacr;f"bl&ubreve;d`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The blood necessary to
life; vital blood.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which gives strength and
energy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Money [is] the <i>lifeblood</i> of the
nation.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Life"boat`</hw> (-b&omacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
strong, buoyant boat especially designed for saving the lives of
shipwrecked people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Life"ful</hw> (-f&usd;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
vitality.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Life"-giv`ing</hw> (-g&ibreve;v`&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving life or spirit; having power to give
life; inspiriting; invigorating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Life"hold`</hw> (-h&omacr;ld`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Land
held by a life estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Life"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of life,
or deprived of life; not containing, or inhabited by, living beings
or vegetation; dead, or apparently dead; spiritless; powerless; dull;
as, a <i>lifeless</i> carcass; <i>lifeless</i> matter; a
<i>lifeless</i> desert; a <i>lifeless</i> wine; a <i>lifeless</i>
story.</def> -- <wf>Life"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Life"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dead; soulless; inanimate; torpid; inert; inactive;
dull; heavy; unanimated; spiritless; frigid; pointless; vapid; flat;
tasteless.  -- <u>Lifeless</u>, <u>Dull</u>, <u>Inanimate</u>,
<u>Dead</u>. In a moral sense, <i>lifeless</i> denotes a want of
vital energy; <i>inanimate</i>, a want of expression as to any
feeling that may be possessed; <i>dull</i> implies a torpor of soul
which checks all mental activity; <i>dead</i> supposes a destitution
of feeling. A person is said to be <i>lifeless</i> who has lost the
spirits which he once had; he is said to be <i>inanimate</i> when he
is naturally wanting in spirits; one is <i>dull</i> from an original
deficiency of mental power; he who is <i>dead</i> to moral sentiment
is wholly bereft of the highest attribute of his nature.</p>

<p><hw>Life"like`</hw> (l&imacr;f"l&imacr;k`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. <u>Lively</u>.] <def>Like a living being; resembling life;
giving an accurate representation; as, a <i>lifelike</i>
portrait.</def> -- <wf>Life"like`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Life"long`</hw> (-l&obreve;ng`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Life</i> + <i>long</i>.  Cf. <u>Livelong</u>.] <def>Lasting or
continuing through life.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Life"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Lively</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>In a lifelike manner.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Life"mate`</hw> (-m&amacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Companion for life.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lif"en</hw> (l&imacr;f"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
enliven.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Life"-pre*serv`er</hw>
(l&imacr;f"pr&esl;*z&etilde;rv`&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An apparatus, made in very various forms, and of various
materials, for saving one from drowning by buoying up the body while
in the water.</def> -- <wf>Life"-pre*serv`ing</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Life"-sav`ing</hw> (-s&amacr;v`&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That saves life, or is suited to save life,
esp. from drowning; as, the <i>life-saving</i> service; a <i>life-
saving</i> station.</def></p>

<p><hw>Life"-size`</hw> (-s&imacr;z`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
full size; of the natural size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Life"some</hw> (-s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Animated; sprightly.</def> [Poetic] <i>Coleridge.</i> --
<wf>Life"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Life"spring`</hw> (-spr&ibreve;ng`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Spring or source of life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Life"string`</hw> (-str&ibreve;ng`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A nerve, or string, that is imagined to be essential to
life.</def>  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Life"time`</hw> (-t&imacr;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
time that life continues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Life"-wea`ry</hw> (-w&emacr;`r&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Weary of living.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lif"lode</hw> (l&imacr;f"l&omacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Livelihood.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lift</hw> (l&ibreve;ft), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lyft</i>
air. See <u>Loft</u>.] <def>The sky; the atmosphere; the
firmament.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Lift</hw> (l&ibreve;ft), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lifted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lifting</u>.] [Icel. <i>lypta</i>, fr. <i>lopt</i> air; akin to
Sw. <i>lyfta</i> to lift, Dan. <i>l&ouml;fte</i>, G.
<i>l&uuml;ften</i>; -- prop., to raise into the air. See <u>Loft</u>,
and cf. 1st <u>Lift</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move in a
direction opposite to that of gravitation; to raise; to elevate; to
bring up from a lower place to a higher; to upheave; sometimes
implying a continued support or holding in the higher place; -- said
of material things; as, to <i>lift</i> the foot or the hand; to
<i>lift</i> a chair or a burden.</def></p>

<p><! p. 851 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise, elevate, exalt, improve, in
rank, condition, estimation, character, etc.; -- often with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Roman virtues <i>lift</i> up mortal
man.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest, being <i>lifted</i> up with pride.</blockquote>
<i>1 Tim. iii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bear; to support.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To collect, as moneys due; to
raise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Perh. a different word, and akin to Goth.
<i>hliftus</i> thief, <i>hlifan</i> to steal, L. <i>clepere</i>, Gr.
<grk>kle`ptein</grk>.  Cf. <u>Shoplifter</u>.] <def>To steal; to
carry off by theft (esp. cattle); as, to <i>lift</i> a drove of
cattle.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In old writers, <i>lift</i> is sometimes used for
<i>lifted</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>He ne'er <i>lift</i> up his hand but
conquered.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To lift up</b></col>, <cd>to raise or elevate; in the
Scriptures, specifically, to elevate upon the cross.</cd> <i>John
viii. 28.</i> -- <col><b>To lift up the eyes</b></col>. <cd>To look
up; to raise the eyes, as in prayer.</cd> <i>Ps. cxxi. 1.</i> --
<col><b>To lift up the feet</b></col>, <cd>to come speedily to one's
relief.</cd> <i>Ps. lxxiv. 3.</i> -- <col><b>To lift up the
hand</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To take an oath</cd>. <i>Gen.
xiv. 22.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To pray.</cd> <i>Ps. xxviii.
2.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To engage in duty.</cd> <i>Heb. xii.
12.</i> -- <col><b>To lift up the hand against</b></col>, <cd>to
rebel against; to assault; to attack; to injure; to oppress.</cd>
<i>Job xxxi. 21.</i> -- <col><b>To lift up one's head</b></col>,
<cd>to cause one to be exalted or to rejoice.</cd> <i>Gen. xl.
13.</i> <i>Luke xxi. 28.</i> -- <col><b>To lift up the heel
against</b></col>, <cd>to treat with insolence or unkindness.</cd>
<i>John xiii.18.</i> -- <col><b>To lift up the voice</b></col>,
<cd>to cry aloud; to call out.</cd> <i>Gen. xxi. 16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lift</hw> (l&ibreve;ft), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To try to raise something; to exert the
strength for raising or bearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strained by <i>lifting</i> at a weight too
heavy.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rise; to become or appear raised or
elevated; as, the fog <i>lifts</i>; the land <i>lifts</i> to a ship
approaching it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [See <u>Lift</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 5.]
<def>To live by theft.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lift</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of
lifting; also, that which is lifted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The space or distance through which
anything is lifted; as, a long <i>lift</i>.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Help; assistance, as by lifting; as, to
give one a <i>lift</i> in a wagon.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The goat gives the fox a <i>lift</i>.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That by means of which a person or thing
lifts or is lifted</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A hoisting
machine; an elevator; a dumb waiter.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
handle.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An exercising
machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A rise; a degree of elevation; as, the
<i>lift</i> of a lock in canals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A lift gate. See <i>Lift gate</i>,
below.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope leading from the
masthead to the extremity of a yard below; -- used for raising or
supporting the end of the yard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>One of the steps of a cone
pulley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Shoemaking)</i> <def>A layer of leather in
the heel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Horology)</i> <def>That portion of the
vibration of a balance during which the impulse is given.</def>
<i>Saunier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dead lift</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Dead</u>.</cd>
<i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Lift bridge</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
drawbridge, the movable part of which is lifted, instead of being
drawn aside.</cd> -- <col><b>Lift gate</b></col>, <cd>a gate that is
opened by lifting.</cd> -- <col><b>Lift hammer</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Tilt hammer</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lift lock</b></col>, <cd>a canal
lock.</cd> -- <col><b>Lift pump</b></col>, <cd>a lifting pump.</cd> -
- <col><b>Lift tenter</b></col> <i>(Windmills)</i>, <cd>a governor
for regulating the speed by adjusting the sails, or for adjusting the
action of grinding machinery according to the speed.</cd> --
<col><b>Lift wall</b></col> <i>(Canal Lock)</i>, <cd>the cross wall
at the head of the lock.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lift"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such
as can be lifted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lift"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, lifts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A tool for lifting loose
sand from the mold; also, a contrivance attached to a cope, to hold
the sand together when the cope is lifted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lift"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Used in, or for, or
by, lifting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lifting bridge</b></col>, <cd>a lift bridge.</cd> --
<col><b>Lifting jack</b></col>. <cd>See 2d <u>Jack</u>, 5.</cd> --
<col><b>Lifting machine</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Health lift</i>, under
<u>Health</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lifting pump</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of pump having a bucket, or valved
piston, instead of a solid piston, for drawing water and lifting it
to a high level</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A pump which lifts the
water only to the top of the pump, or delivers it through a spout; a
lift pump.</cd> -- <col><b>Lifting rod</b></col>, <cd>a vertical rod
lifted by a rock shaft, and imparting motion to a puppet valve; --
used in the engines of river steamboats.</cd> -- <col><b>Lifting
sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>one which tends to lift a vessel's
bow out of water, as jibs and square foresails.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lig</hw> (l&ibreve;g), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Lie</u>
to be prostrate.] <def>To recline; to lie still.</def> [Obs. or
Scot.]  <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lig"a*ment</hw> (l&ibreve;g"&adot;*m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ligamentum</i>, fr. <i>ligare</i> to
bind: cf. F. <i>ligament</i>.  Cf. <u>Lien</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Ligature</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything that ties or unites one thing or
part to another; a bandage; a bond.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Interwoven is the love of liberty with every
<i>ligament</i> of your hearts.</blockquote> <i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tough
band or plate of dense, fibrous, connective tissue or fibrocartilage
serving to unite bones or form joints.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A band of connective tissue, or a membranous fold, which
supports or retains an organ in place; as, the gastrophrenic
<i>ligament</i>, connecting the diaphragm and stomach.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lig`a*men"tal</hw> (-m&ebreve;n"t<i>a</i>l),
<hw>Lig`a*men"tous</hw> (-t&ubreve;s), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ligamenteux</i>.] <def>Composing a ligament; of the nature of a
ligament; binding; as, a strong <i>ligamentous</i>
membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"gan</hw> (l&imacr;"g<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
L. <i>ligare</i> to bind, to tie, <i>ligamen</i> band, bandage, E.
<i>ligament</i>, or <i>ligsam</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Goods sunk in
the sea, with a buoy attached in order that they may be found again.
See <u>Jetsam</u> and <u>Flotsam</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>lagan</i>.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"gate</hw> (l&imacr;"g&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ligatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ligare</i>.] <def>To tie with a ligature;
to bind around; to bandage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*ga"tion</hw> (l&isl;*g&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ligatio</i>, fr. <i>ligare</i> to bind.
Cf. <u>Liaison</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of binding, or
the state of being bound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which binds; bond;
connection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tied with tape, and sealed at each fold and
<i>ligation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*ga"tor</hw> (-t&obreve;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ligate</u>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument for ligating, or
for placing and fastening a ligature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig"a*ture</hw> (l&ibreve;g"&adot;*t&usl;r; 135),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ligatura</i>, fr. <i>ligare</i>,
<i>ligatum</i>, to bind: cf. F. <i>ligature</i>.  Cf. <u>Ally</u>,
<u>League</u>, <u>Legatura</u>, <u>Liable</u>, <u>Ligament</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of binding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that binds; a band or
bandage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
thread or string for tying the blood vessels, particularly the
arteries, to prevent hemorrhage.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
thread or wire used to remove tumors, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being bound or stiffened;
stiffness; as, the <i>ligature</i> of a joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Impotence caused by magic or charms.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A curve or line connecting
notes; a slur.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A double character, or a
type consisting of two or more letters or characters united, as
<i>&aelig;</i>, <i>&filig;</i>, <i>&ffllig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig"a*ture</hw> (l&ibreve;g"&adot;*t&usl;r), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>To ligate; to tie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig"e</hw> (l&ibreve;g"<i>e</i>), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To lie; to tell lies.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Li"geance</hw> (l&emacr;"j<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>ligeance</i>, <i>ligance</i>. See <u>Liege</u>.] <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>The connection between sovereign and subject by which
they were mutually bound, the former to protection and the securing
of justice, the latter to faithful service; allegiance.</def>
[Written also <i>ligeancy</i> and <i>liegance</i>.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lige"ment</hw> (l&ibreve;j"m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Ledgment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig"ge</hw> (l&ibreve;g"g<i>e</i>), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To lie or recline.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lig"ger</hw> (l&ibreve;g"g&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A baited line attached to a float, for night
fishing. See <u>Leger</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Ledger</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light</hw> (l&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>light</i>, <i>liht</i>, AS. <i>le&oacute;ht</i>; akin to OS.
<i>lioht</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>licht</i>, OHG. <i>lioht</i>, Goth.
<i>liuha&thorn;</i>, Icel. <i>lj&omacr;s</i>, L. <i>lux</i> light,
<i>lucere</i> to shine, Gr. <grk>leyko`s</grk> white, Skr. <i>ruc</i>
to shine. &radic;122.  Cf. <u>Lucid</u>, <u>Lunar</u>,
<u>Luminous</u>, <u>Lynx</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That agent,
force, or action in nature by the operation of which upon the organs
of sight, objects are rendered visible or luminous.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Light</i> was regarded formerly as consisting of
material particles, or corpuscules, sent off in all directions from
luminous bodies, and traversing space, in right lines, with the known
velocity of about 186,300 miles per second; but it is now generally
understood to consist, not in any actual transmission of particles or
substance, but in the propagation of vibrations or undulations in a
subtile, elastic medium, or ether, assumed to pervade all space, and
to be thus set in vibratory motion by the action of luminous bodies,
as the atmosphere is by sonorous bodies. This view of the nature of
light is known as the <i>undulatory</i> or <i>wave theory</i>; the
other, advocated by Newton (but long since abandoned), as the
<i>corpuscular</i>, <i>emission</i>, or <i>Newtonian theory</i>. A
more recent theory makes light to consist in electrical oscillations,
and is known as the <i>electro-magnetic theory</i> of light.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which furnishes, or is a source of,
light, as the sun, a star, a candle, a lighthouse, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then he called for a <i>light</i>, and sprang
in.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvi. 29.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And God made two great <i>lights</i>; the greater
<i>light</i> to rule the day, and the lesser <i>light</i> to rule the
night.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The time during which the light of the sun
is visible; day; especially, the dawn of day.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The murderer, rising with the <i>light</i>, killeth
the poor and needy.</blockquote> <i>Job xxiv. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The brightness of the eye or
eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He seemed to find his way without his eyes;<BR>
For out o' door he went without their helps,<BR>
And, to the last, bended their <i>light</i> on me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The medium through which light is
admitted, as a window, or window pane; a skylight; in architecture,
one of the compartments of a window made by a mullion or
mullions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There were windows in three rows, and <i>light</i> was
against <i>light</i> in three ranks.</blockquote> <i>I Kings
vii.4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Life; existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, spring to <i>light</i>, auspicious Babe, be
born!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Open view; a visible state or condition;
public observation; publicity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The duke yet would have dark deeds darkly answered; he
would never bring them to <i>light</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The power of perception by
vision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My strength faileth me; as for the <i>light</i> of my
eyes, it also is gone from me.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxviii.
10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>That which illumines or makes clear to the
mind; mental or spiritual illumination; enlightenment; knowledge;
information.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall never know<BR>
That I had any <i>light</i> of this from thee.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Prosperity; happiness; joy;
felicity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then shall thy <i>light</i> break forth as the
morning, and thy health shall spring forth speedily.</blockquote>
<i>Is. lviii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>The manner in which the
light strikes upon a picture; that part of a picture which represents
those objects upon which the light is supposed to fall; the more
illuminated part of a landscape or other scene; -- opposed to
<i>shade</i>.  Cf. <u>Chiaroscuro</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Appearance due to the particular facts
and circumstances presented to view; point of view; as, to state
things fairly and put them in the right <i>light</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Frequent consideration of a thing . . . shows it in
its several <i>lights</i> and various ways of
appearance.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>One who is conspicuous or noteworthy; a
model or example; as, the <i>lights</i> of the age or of
antiquity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Joan of Arc,<BR>
A <i>light</i> of ancient France.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Pyrotech.)</i> <def>A firework made by
filling a case with a substance which burns brilliantly with a white
or colored flame; as, a Bengal <i>light</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Light</i> is used figuratively to denote that which
resembles physical light in any respect, as illuminating, benefiting,
enlightening, or enlivening mankind.</p>

<p><col><b>Ancient lights</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <col><b>Calcium
light</b></col>, <col><b>Flash light</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under
<u>Ancient</u>, <u>Calcium</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Light
ball</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a ball of combustible materials,
used to afford light; -- sometimes made so as to be fired from a
cannon or mortar, or to be carried up by a rocket.</cd> --
<col><b>Light barrel</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>an empty powder
barrel pierced with holes and filled with shavings soaked in pitch,
used to light up a ditch or a breach.</cd> --
<col><b>Light dues</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>tolls levied on ships
navigating certain waters, for the maintenance of lighthouses.</cd> -
- <col><b>Light iron</b></col>, <cd>a candlestick.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>Light keeper</b></col>, <cd>a person appointed to take care
of a lighthouse or light-ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Light money</b></col>,
<cd>charges laid by government on shipping entering a port, for the
maintenance of lighthouses and light-ships.</cd> -- <col><b>The light
of the countenance</b></col>, <cd>favor; kindness; smiles.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord, lift thou up <i>the light of thy countenance</i>
upon us.</blockquote> <i>Ps. iv. 6.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Northern lights</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Aurora
borealis</i>, under <u>Aurora</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring to
light</b></col>, <cd>to cause to be disclosed.</cd> -- <col><b>To
come to light</b></col>, <cd>to be disclosed.</cd> -- <col><b>To see
the light</b></col>, <cd>to come into the light; hence, to come into
the world or into public notice; as, his book never <i>saw the
light</i>.</cd>  -- <col><b>To stand in one's own light</b></col>,
<cd>to take a position which is injurious to one's own
interest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Light</hw> (l&imacr;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>le&oacute;ht</i>. See <u>Light</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
[<pos><i>Compar</i></pos>. <u>Lighter</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl</i></pos>. <u>Lightest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having light; not dark or obscure; bright; clear; as, the
apartment is <i>light</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>White or whitish; not intense or very
marked; not of a deep shade; moderately colored; as, a <i>light</i>
color; a <i>light</i> brown; a <i>light</i> complexion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lighted</u> (-&ebreve;d) or <u>Lit</u> (l&ibreve;t);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Lighting</u>.] [AS.
<i>l&ymacr;htan</i>, <i>l&imacr;htan</i>, to shine. &radic;122. See
<u>Light</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set
fire to; to cause to burn; to set burning; to ignite; to kindle; as,
to <i>light</i> a candle or lamp; to <i>light</i> the gas; --
sometimes with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a thousand candles be all <i>lighted</i> from
one.</blockquote> <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the largest lamp is <i>lit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Absence might cure it, or a second mistress<BR>
<i>Light</i> up another flame, and put out this.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give light to; to illuminate; to fill
with light; to spread over with light; -- often with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ah, hopeless, lasting flames ! like those that
burn<BR>
To <i>light</i> the dead.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One hundred years ago, to have <i>lit</i> this theater
as brilliantly as it is now <i>lighted</i> would have cost, I
suppose, fifty pounds.</blockquote> <i>F. Harrison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun has set, and Vesper, to supply<BR>
His absent beams, has <i>lighted</i> up the sky.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attend or conduct with a light; to show
the way to by means of a light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His bishops lead him forth, and <i>light</i> him
on.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To light a fire</b></col>, <cd>to kindle the material of a
fire.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Light</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
become ignited; to take fire; as, the match will not
<i>light</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be illuminated; to receive light; to
brighten; -- with <i>up</i>; as, the room <i>lights</i> up very
well.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Lighter</u> (-&etilde;r); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Lightest</u>.] [OE. <i>light</i>, <i>liht</i>, AS.
<i>l&imacr;ht</i>, <i>le&oacute;ht</i>; akin to D. <i>ligt</i>, G.
<i>leicht</i>, OHG. <i>l&imacr;hti</i>, Icel. <i>l&emacr;ttr</i>,
Dan. <i>let</i>, Sw. <i>l&auml;tt</i>, Goth. <i>leihts</i>, and perh.
to L. <i>levis</i> (cf. <u>Levity</u>), Gr. <grk>'elachy`s</grk>
small, Skr. <i>laghu</i> light. &radic;125. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having little, or comparatively little, weight; not tending to
the center of gravity with force; not heavy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These weights did not exert their natural gravity, . .
. insomuch that I could not guess which was <i>light</i> or heavy
whilst I held them in my hand.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not burdensome; easy to be lifted, borne,
or carried by physical strength; as, a <i>light</i> burden, or
load.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall find rest unto your souls. For my yoke is
easy, and my burden is <i>light</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xi. 29,
30.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Easy to be endured or performed; not
severe; not difficult; as, a <i>light</i> affliction or task.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Light</i> sufferings give us leisure to
complain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Easy to be digested; not oppressive to the
stomach; as, <i>light</i> food; also, containing little
nutriment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not heavily armed; armed with light
weapons; as, <i>light</i> troops; a troop of <i>light</i>
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not encumbered; unembarrassed; clear of
impediments; hence, active; nimble; swift.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unmarried men are best friends, best masters . . . but
not always best subjects, for they are <i>light</i> to run
away.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Not heavily burdened; not deeply laden;
not sufficiently ballasted; as, the ship returned
<i>light</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Slight; not important; as, a <i>light</i>
error.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Well leavened; not heavy; as, <i>light</i>
bread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Not copious or heavy; not dense; not
inconsiderable; as, a <i>light</i> rain; a <i>light</i> snow;
<i>light</i> vapors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Not strong or violent; moderate; as, a
<i>light</i> wind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Not pressing heavily or hard upon; hence,
having an easy, graceful manner; delicate; as, a <i>light</i> touch;
a <i>light</i> style of execution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Easy to admit influence; inconsiderate;
easily influenced by trifling considerations; unsteady; unsettled;
volatile; as, a <i>light</i>, vain person; a <i>light</i>
mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no greater argument of a <i>light</i> and
inconsiderate person than profanely to scoff at
religion.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Indulging in, or inclined to, levity;
wanting dignity or solemnity; trifling; gay; frivolous; airy;
unsubstantial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seneca can not be too heavy, nor Plautus too
<i>light</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Specimens of New England humor laboriously
<i>light</i> and lamentably mirthful.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>Not quite sound or normal; somewhat
impaired or deranged; dizzy; giddy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Are his wits safe? Is he not <i>light</i> of brain
?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>Easily bestowed; inconsiderately
rendered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To a fair semblance doth <i>light</i> faith
annex.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>Wanton; unchaste; as, a woman of
<i>light</i> character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>light</i> wife doth make a heavy
husband.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <def>Not of the legal, standard, or usual
weight; clipped; diminished; as, <i>light</i> coin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <def>Loose; sandy; easily pulverized; as, a
<i>light</i> soil.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Light cavalry</b></col>, <col><b>Light horse</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>light-armed soldiers mounted on strong and active
horses.</cd> -- <col><b>Light eater</b></col>, <cd>one who eats but
little.</cd> -- <col><b>Light infantry</b></col>, <cd>infantry
soldiers selected and trained for rapid evolutions.</cd> --
<col><b>Light of foot</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Having a
light step.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Fleet.</cd> -- <col><b>Light
of heart</b></col>, <cd>gay, cheerful.</cd> -- <col><b>Light
oil</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the oily product, lighter than
water, forming the chief part of the first distillate of coal tar,
and consisting largely of benzene and toluene.</cd> -- <col><b>Light
sails</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>all the sails above the topsails,
with, also, the studding sails and flying jib.</cd> <i>Dana.</i> --
<col><b>Light sleeper</b></col>, <cd>one easily wakened.</cd> --
<col><b>Light weight</b></col>, <cd>a prize fighter, boxer, wrestler,
or jockey, who is below a standard medium weight.  Cf. <i>Feather
weight</i>, under <u>Feather</u>.</cd> [Cant] -- <col><b>To make
light of</b></col>, <cd>to treat as of little consequence; to slight;
to disregard.</cd> -- <col><b>To set light by</b></col>, <cd>to
undervalue; to slight; to treat as of no importance; to
despise.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 852 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Light</hw> (l&imacr;t), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Lightly;
cheaply.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Light</u> not
heavy, and cf. <u>Light</u> to alight, and <u>Lighten</u> to make
less heavy.] <def>To lighten; to ease of a burden; to take off.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From his head the heavy burgonet did
<i>light</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lighted</u> (-&ebreve;d) or <u>Lit</u> (l&ibreve;t);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Lighting</u>.] [AS.
<i>l&imacr;htan</i> to alight, orig., to relieve (a horse) of the
rider's burden, to make less heavy, fr. <i>l&imacr;ht</i> light. See
<u>Light</u> not heavy, and cf. <u>Alight</u>, <u>Lighten</u> to make
light.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dismount; to descend, as from a
horse or carriage; to alight; -- with <i>from</i>, <i>off</i>,
<i>on</i>, <i>upon</i>, <i>at</i>, <i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When she saw Isaac, she <i>lighted</i> off the
camel.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxiv. 64.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Slowly rode across a withered heath,<BR>
And <i>lighted</i> at a ruined inn.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feel light; to be made happy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It made all their hearts to <i>light</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To descend from flight, and rest, perch,
or settle, as a bird or insect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The bee] <i>lights</i> on that, and this, and tasteth
all.</blockquote> <i>Sir. J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the tree tops a crested peacock
<i>lit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To come down suddenly and forcibly; to
fall; -- with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On me, me only, as the source and spring<BR>
Of all corruption, all the blame <i>lights</i> due.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To come by chance; to happen; -- with
<i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>; formerly with <i>into</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The several degrees of vision, which the assistance of
glasses (casually at first <i>lit</i> on) has taught us to
conceive.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall <i>light</i> into atheistical
company.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And here we <i>lit</i> on Aunt Elizabeth,<BR>
And Lilia with the rest.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such
as can be lighted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"-armed`</hw> (-&auml;rmd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Armed with light weapons or accouterments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"-boat`</hw> (-b&omacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Light-ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"e</hw> (l&imacr;t"<i>e</i>), obs.
<def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Light</u>, to alight.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"en</hw> (l&imacr;t"'n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Light</u> to alight.] <def>To descend; to light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Lord, let thy mercy <i>lighten</i> upon
us.</blockquote> <i>Book of Common Prayer [Eng. Ed.].</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"en</hw> (l&imacr;t"'n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lightened</u> (-'nd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Lightening</u>.] [OE. <i>lightenen</i>. See
<u>Light</u> to kindle, illuminate.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To burst
forth or dart, as lightning; to shine with, or like, lightning; to
display a flash or flashes of lightning; to flash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This dreadful night,<BR>
That thunders, <i>lightens</i>, opens graves, and roars<BR>
As doth the lion.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grow lighter; to become less dark or
lowering; to brighten; to clear, as the sky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Light</u> to
illuminate.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make light or clear; to
light; to illuminate; as, to <i>lighten</i> an apartment with lamps
or gas; to <i>lighten</i> the streets.</def> [In this sense less
common than <i>light.</i>]</p>

<p><blockquote>A key of fire ran all along the shore,<BR>
And <i>lightened</i> all the river with a blaze.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To illuminate with knowledge; to
enlighten.</def> [In this sense less common than
<i>enlighten</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Lighten</i> my spirit with one clear heavenly
ray.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To emit or disclose in, or as in,
lightning; to flash out, like lightning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eye . . . <i>lightens</i> forth<BR>
Controlling majesty.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To free from trouble and fill with
joy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They looked unto him, and were
<i>lightened</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxiv. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Light</u> not
heavy.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make lighter, or less heavy; to
reduce in weight; to relieve of part of a load or burden; as, to
<i>lighten</i> a ship by unloading; to <i>lighten</i> a load or
burden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make less burdensome or afflictive; to
alleviate; as, to <i>lighten</i> the cares of life or the burden of
grief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cheer; to exhilarate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Lightens</i> my humor with his merry
jests.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"er</hw> (l&imacr;t"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, lights; as, a <i>lighter</i> of
lamps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>ligter</i>, fr.
<i>ligt</i> light. See <u>Light</u> not heavy.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
large boat or barge, mainly used in unloading or loading vessels
which can not reach the wharves at the place of shipment or
delivery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lighter screw</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a screw for
adjusting the distance between the stones in a grinding mill by
raising or lowering the bridgetree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Light"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convey by a
lighter, as to or from the shore; as, to <i>lighter</i> the cargo of
a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"er*age</hw> (-&asl;j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The price paid for conveyance of goods on a
lighter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of unloading into a lighter, or of
conveying by a lighter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"er*man</hw> (-m&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Lightermen</b></plw> (-m&ebreve;n). <def>A person
employed on, or who manages, a lighter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"-fin`gered</hw> (l&imacr;t"f&ibreve;&nsm;`g&etilde;rd),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dexterous in taking and conveying away;
thievish; pilfering; addicted to petty thefts.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Light"-foot`</hw> (-f&oocr;t`), <hw>Light"-foot`ed</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a light, springy step; nimble in
running or dancing; active; as, <i>light-foot</i> Iris.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"ful</hw> (l&imacr;t"f&usd;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Full of light; bright.</def> [R.] "<i>Lightful</i> presence."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"-hand`ed</hw> (l&imacr;t"h&abreve;nd`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Not having a full complement
of men; as, a vessel <i>light-handed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"-head`ed</hw> (-h&ebreve;d`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disordered in the head;
dizzy; delirious.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Thoughtless; heedless; volatile; unsteady;
fickle; loose.</def> "<i>Light-headed</i>, weak men."
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Light"-head`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Light"-heart`ed</hw> (-h&auml;rt`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from grief or anxiety; gay; cheerful;
merry.</def> -- <wf>Light"-heart`ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
- <wf>Light"-heart`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Light"-heeled`</hw> (-h&emacr;ld`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lively in walking or running; brisk; light-footed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"-horse`man</hw> (-h&ocirc;rs`m<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-men</b></plw> (-
m<i>e</i>n).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A soldier who serves in the light horse.
See under 5th <u>Light</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A West Indian fish of
the genus <i>Ephippus</i>, remarkable for its high dorsal fin and
brilliant colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"house`</hw> (-hous`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lighthouses</b></plw> (-houz`&ebreve;z). <def>A tower or
other building with a powerful light at top, erected at the entrance
of a port, or at some important point on a coast, to serve as a guide
to mariners at night; a pharos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A
name sometimes applied to the process of annealing metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"-legged`</hw> (l&imacr;t"l&ebreve;gd`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nimble; swift of foot.</def>  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of light;
dark.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>With little weight; with little force; as, to tread
<i>lightly</i>; to press <i>lightly</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet shall thy grave with rising flowers be drest,<BR>
And the green turf lie <i>lightly</i> on thy breast.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Him thus intent Ithuriel with his spear<BR>
Touched <i>lightly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Swiftly; nimbly; with agility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So mikle was that barge, it might not <i>lightly</i>
sail.</blockquote> <i>R. of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Watch what thou seest and <i>lightly</i> bring me
word.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without deep impression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soft ideas of the cheerful note,<BR>
<i>Lightly</i> received, were easily forgot.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In a small degree; slightly; not
severely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the first he <i>lightly</i> afflicted the land of
Zebulun . . . and afterward did more grievously afflict
her.</blockquote> <i>Is. ix. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>With little effort or difficulty; easily;
readily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>lightly</i> come, shall <i>lightly</i>
go.</blockquote> <i>Old Proverb.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They come <i>lightly</i> by the malt, and need not
spare it.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Without reason, or for reasons of little
weight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flatter not the rich, neither do thou willingly or
<i>lightly</i> appear before great personages.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Commonly; usually.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Fisher.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The great thieves of a state are <i>lightly</i> the
officers of the crown.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Without dejection; cheerfully.</def>
"Seeming to bear it <i>lightly</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Without heed or care; with levity; gayly;
airily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Matrimony . . . is not by any to be enterprised, nor
taken in hand, unadvisedly, <i>lightly</i>, or wantonly.</blockquote>
<i>Book of Common Prayer [Eng. Ed.].</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Not chastely; wantonly.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"man</hw> (-m&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-men</b></plw> (-m&ebreve;n). <def>A man who carries or takes
care of a light.</def>  <i>T. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"-mind`ed</hw> (-m&imacr;nd`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unsettled; unsteady; volatile; not
considerate.</def> -- <wf>Light"-mind`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Light"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Light</u> not
heavy.] <def>The state, condition, or quality, of being light or not
heavy; buoyancy; levity; fickleness; nimbleness; delicacy;
grace.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Levity; volatility; instability; inconstancy;
unsteadiness; giddiness; flightiness; airiness; gayety; liveliness;
agility; nimbleness; sprightliness; briskness; swiftness; ease;
facility.</p>

<p><hw>Light"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Light</u>
bright.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Illumination, or degree of
illumination; as, the <i>lightness</i> of a room.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Absence of depth or of duskiness in color;
as, the <i>lightness</i> of a tint; <i>lightness</i> of
complexion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"ning</hw> (l&imacr;t"n&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[For <i>lightening</i>, fr. <i>lighten</i> to flash.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A discharge of atmospheric electricity,
accompanied by a vivid flash of light, commonly from one cloud to
another, sometimes from a cloud to the earth. The sound produced by
the electricity in passing rapidly through the atmosphere constitutes
thunder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of making bright, or the state of
being made bright; enlightenment; brightening, as of the mental
powers.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Ball lightning</b></col>, <cd>a rare form of lightning
sometimes seen as a globe of fire moving from the clouds to the
earth.</cd> -- <col><b>Chain lightning</b></col>, <cd>lightning in
angular, zigzag, or forked flashes.</cd> -- <col><b>Heat
lightning</b></col>, <cd>more or less vivid and extensive flashes of
electric light, without thunder, seen near the horizon, esp. at the
close of a hot day.</cd> -- <col><b>Lightning arrester</b></col>
<i>(Telegraphy)</i>, <cd>a device, at the place where a wire enters a
building, for preventing injury by lightning to an operator or
instrument. It consists of a short circuit to the ground interrupted
by a thin nonconductor over which lightning jumps. Called also
<i>lightning discharger</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lightning bug</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a luminous beetle. See <u>Firefly</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Lightning conductor</b></col>, <cd>a lightning rod.</cd> -
- <col><b>Lightning glance</b></col>, <cd>a quick, penetrating glance
of a brilliant eye.</cd> -- <col><b>Lightning rod</b></col>, <cd>a
metallic rod set up on a building, or on the mast of a vessel, and
connected with the earth or water below, for the purpose of
protecting the building or vessel from lightning.</cd> --
<col><b>Sheet lightning</b></col>, <cd>a diffused glow of electric
light flashing out from the clouds, and illumining their outlines.
The appearance is sometimes due to the reflection of light from
distant flashes of lightning by the nearer clouds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Light"ning</hw> (l&imacr;t"n&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>vb.
n.</i></pos> <def>Lightening.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Light"-o'-love`</hw> (l&imacr;t"&osl;-l&ubreve;v`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An old tune of a dance,
the name of which made it a proverbial expression of levity,
especially in love matters.</def> <i>Nares.</i> "Best sing it to the
tune of <i>light-o'-love</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A light or wanton woman.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"room`</hw> (-r&oomac;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
small room from which the magazine of a naval vessel is lighted,
being separated from the magazine by heavy glass windows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lights</hw> (l&imacr;ts), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [So called
from their <i>lightness</i>.] <def>The lungs of an animal or bird; --
sometimes coarsely applied to the lungs of a human being.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"-ship`</hw> (l&imacr;t"sh&ibreve;p`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel carrying at the
masthead a brilliant light, and moored off a shoal or place of
dangerous navigation as a guide for mariners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"some</hw> (l&imacr;t"s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having light; lighted; not dark or gloomy;
bright.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>White walls make rooms more <i>lightsome</i> than
black.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gay; airy; cheering;
exhilarating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>lightsome</i> affection of joy.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Light"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Light"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Happiness may walk soberly in dark attire, as well as
dance <i>lightsomely</i> in a gala dress.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"-winged`</hw> (-w&ibreve;ngd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having light and active wings; volatile; fleeting.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Light"wood`</hw> (-w&oocr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pine
wood abounding in pitch, used for torches in the Southern United
States; pine knots, dry sticks, and the like, for kindling a fire
quickly or making a blaze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Illuminated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lign`-al"oes</hw> (l&imacr;n`&abreve;l"&omacr;z or
l&ibreve;g*n&abreve;l"&omacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ligne
aloes</i>, fr. L. <i>lignum</i> wood + <i>aloe</i> aloe.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Aloes wood, or agallochum. See
<u>Agallochum</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fragrant tree mentioned in the
Bible.</def>  <i>Num. xxiv. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lig"ne*ous</hw> (l&ibreve;g"n&esl;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ligneus</i>, fr. <i>lignum</i> wood.  Cf.
<u>Lignous</u>.] <def>Made of wood; consisting of wood; of the nature
of, or resembling, wood; woody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It should be tried with shoots of vines and roots of
red roses; for it may be they, being of a more<i>ligneous</i> nature,
will incorporate with the tree itself.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ligneous marble</b></col>, <cd>wood coated or prepared so
as to resemble marble.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lig*nif"er*ous</hw>
(l&ibreve;g*n&ibreve;f"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lignifer</i>; <i>lignum</i> wood + <i>ferre</i> to bear: cf. F.
<i>lignif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Yielding or producing wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw>
(l&ibreve;g`n&ibreve;*f&ibreve;*k&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>lignification</i>. See
<u>Lignify</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A change in the character of a
cell wall, by which it becomes harder. It is supposed to be due to an
incrustation of lignin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig"ni*form</hw> (l&ibreve;g"n&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lignum</i> wood + <i>-form</i>: cf. F.
<i>ligniforme</i>.] <def>Like wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig"ni*fy</hw> (-f&imacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lignified</u> (-f&imacr;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Lignifying</u> (-
f&imacr;`&ibreve;ng).] [L. <i>lignum</i> wood + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F.
<i>lignifier</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>To convert into wood or into a
ligneous substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig"ni*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>To
become wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig"nin</hw> (l&ibreve;g"n&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lignum</i> wood: cf. F. <i>lignine</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
substance characterizing wood cells and differing from cellulose in
its conduct with certain chemical reagents.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Recent authors have distinguished four forms of this
substance, naming them <i>lignose</i>, <i>lignin</i>, <i>lignone</i>,
and <i>lignireose</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Lig`ni*per"dous</hw>
(l&ibreve;g`n&ibreve;*p&etilde;r"d&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>lignum</i> wood + <i>perdere</i> to destroy: cf. F.
<i>ligniperde</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Wood-destroying; -- said
of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig*nir"e*ose`</hw> (l&ibreve;g*n&ibreve;r"&esl;*&omacr;s`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Lignin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig"nite</hw> (l&ibreve;g"n&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lignum</i> wood: cf. F. <i>lignite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Mineral coal retaining the texture of the wood from which it was
formed, and burning with an empyreumatic odor. It is of more recent
origin than the anthracite and bituminous coal of the proper coal
series. Called also <i>brown coal</i>, <i>wood coal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig*nit"ic</hw> (l&ibreve;g*n&ibreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing lignite; resembling, or of the
nature of, lignite; as, <i>lignitic</i> clay.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lignitic group</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Laramie
Group</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lig`ni*tif"er*ous</hw>
(l&ibreve;g`n&ibreve;*t&ibreve;f"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lignite</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<def>Producing or containing lignite; lignitic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig`no*cer"ic</hw> (-n&osl;*s&ebreve;r"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lignum</i> wood + <i>cera</i> wax.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of the
formic acid series, found in the tar, wax, or paraffine obtained by
distilling certain kinds of wood, as the beech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig"none`</hw> (l&ibreve;g"n&omacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Lignin</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lig*nose"</hw> (l&ibreve;g*n&omacr;s"), <hw>Lig"nous</hw>
(l&ibreve;g"n&ubreve;s), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lignosus</i>,
fr. <i>lignum</i> wood: cf. F. <i>ligneux</i>.  Cf. <u>Ligneous</u>.]
<def>Ligneous.</def> [R.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lig"nose`</hw> (l&ibreve;g"n&omacr;s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Lignin</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An explosive compound of
wood fiber and nitroglycerin. See <u>Nitroglycerin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lig"num rho"di*um</hw> (l&ibreve;g"n&ubreve;m
r&omacr;"d&ibreve;*&ubreve;m). [NL., fr. L. <i>lignum</i> wood + Gr.
<grk>"ro`don</grk> a rose.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fragrant wood of
several shrubs and trees, especially of species of <i>Rhodorhiza</i>
from the Canary Islands, and of the West Indian <i>Amyris
balsamifera</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lig"num-vi"tae</hw> (-v&imacr;"t&emacr;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., wood of life; <i>lignum</i> wood +
<i>vita</i>, genitive <i>vit&aelig;</i>, life.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
tree (<i>Guaiacum officinale</i>) found in the warm latitudes of
America, from which the <i>guaiacum</i> of medicine is procured. Its
wood is very hard and heavy, and is used for various mechanical
purposes, as for the wheels of ships' blocks, cogs, bearings, and the
like. See <u>Guaiacum</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In New Zealand the <i>Metrosideros buxifolia</i> is called
lignum-vit&aelig;, and in Australia a species of <i>Acacia</i>. The
bastard lignum-vit&aelig; is a West Indian tree (<i>Sarcomphalus
laurinus</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Lig"ro*in</hw> (l&ibreve;g"r&osl;*&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trade name applied somewhat indefinitely
to some of the volatile products obtained in refining crude
petroleum. It is a complex and variable mixture of several
hydrocarbons, generally boils below 170&deg; Fahr., and is more
inflammable than safe kerosene. It is used as a solvent, as a
carburetant for air gas, and for illumination in special
lamps.</def></p>

<p><! p. 853 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Lig"sam</hw> (l&ibreve;g"s<i>a</i>m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. D. <i>liggen</i> to lie, E. <i>lie</i> to be prostrate, and E.
<i>flotsam</i>, <i>jetsam</i>, or <i>ligan</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Ligan</u>.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lig"u*la</hw> (l&ibreve;g"&usl;*l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Ligul&aelig;</b></plw> (-
l&emacr;), E. <plw><b>Ligulas</b></plw> (-l&adot;z). [L., a little
tongue. See <u>Ligule</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Ligule</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The central process, or front edge, of the labium of insects. It
sometimes serves as a tongue or proboscis, as in bees.</def> [See
<i>Illust.</i>  under <u>Labium</u>, and <u>Hymenoptera</u>.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tongue-shaped lobe of the parapodia of
annelids. See <u>Parapodium</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lig"u*late</hw> (l&ibreve;g"&usl;*l&asl;t),
<hw>Lig"u*la`ted</hw> (-l&amacr;`t&ebreve;d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>ligul&eacute;</i>. See <u>Ligule</u>, and cf.
<u>Lingulate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Like a bandage, or strap;
strap-shaped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Composed of ligules.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ligulate flower</b></col>, <cd>a species of compound
flower, the florets of which have their corollets flat, spreading out
toward the end, with the base only tubular.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lig"ule</hw> (-&usl;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ligula</i>, <i>lingula</i>, little tongue, dim. of <i>lingua</i>
tongue : cf. F. <i>ligule</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The thin
and scarious projection from the upper end of the sheath of a leaf of
grass.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A strap-shaped corolla of
flowers of Composit&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A band of white matter in
the wall of fourth ventricle of the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig`u*li*flo"rous</hw>
(l&ibreve;g`&usl;*l&ibreve;*fl&omacr;"r&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ligule</i> + L. <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>,
a flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing only ligulate flowers; -- said
of a large suborder of composite plants, such as the dandelion,
lettuce, hawkweed, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lig"ure</hw> (l&ibreve;g"&usl;r; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>ligurius</i>, Gr. <grk>ligy`rion</grk>,
<grk>liggoy`rion</grk>, <grk>ligkoy`rion</grk>,
<grk>lygkoy`rion</grk>, equiv. to Heb. <i>leshem</i>.] <def>A kind of
precious stone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The third row a <i>ligure</i>, an agate, and an
amethyst.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxviii. 19.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*gus"trin</hw> (l&isl;*g&ubreve;s"tr&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter principle found in
the bark of the privet <i>(Ligustrum vulgare)</i>, and extracted as a
white crystalline substance with a warm, bitter taste; -- called also
<i>ligustron</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lik"a*ble</hw> (l&imacr;k"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Such as can be liked; such as to attract liking; as, a
<i>likable</i> person.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Like</hw> (l&imacr;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Liker</u> (l&imacr;k"&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Likest</u>.] [OE. <i>lik</i>,
<i>ilik</i>, <i>gelic</i>, AS. <i>gel&imacr;c</i>, fr. pref. <i>ge-
</i> + <i>l&imacr;c</i> body, and orig. meaning, having the same
body, shape, or appearance, and hence, like; akin to OS.
<i>gil&imacr;k</i>, D. <i>gelijk</i>, G. <i>gleich</i>, OHG.
<i>gil&imacr;h</i>, Icel. <i>l&imacr;kr</i>, <i>gl&imacr;kr</i>, Dan.
<i>lig</i>, Sw. <i>lik</i>, Goth. <i>galeiks</i>, OS. <i>lik</i>
body, D. <i>lijk</i>, G. <i>leiche</i>, Icel. <i>l&imacr;k</i>, Sw.
<i>lik</i>, Goth. <i>leik</i>. The English adverbial ending<i>-ly</i>
is from the same adjective.  Cf. <u>Each</u>, <u>Such</u>,
<u>Which</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the same, or nearly the
same, appearance, qualities, or characteristics; resembling; similar
to; similar; alike; -- often with <i>in</i> and the particulars of
the resemblance; as, they are <i>like</i> each other in features,
complexion, and many traits of character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is as <i>like</i> you<BR>
As cherry is to cherry.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Like</i> master, <i>like</i> man.</blockquote>
<i>Old Prov.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He giveth snow <i>like</i> wool; he scattereth the
hoar-frost <i>like</i> ashes.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxlvii. 16.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>To</i>, which formerly often followed <i>like</i>, is
now usually omitted.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Equal, or nearly equal; as, fields of
<i>like</i> extent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More clergymen were impoverished by the late war than
ever in the <i>like</i> space before.</blockquote> <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having probability; affording probability;
probable; likely.</def> [<i>Likely</i> is more used now.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But it is <i>like</i> the jolly world about us will
scoff at the paradox of these practices.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many were not easy to be governed, nor <i>like</i> to
conform themselves to strict rules.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Inclined toward; disposed to; as, to feel
<i>like</i> taking a walk.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Had like</b></col> (followed by the infinitive), <cd>had
nearly; came little short of.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Had like</i> to have been my utter
overthrow.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ramona <i>had like</i> to have said the literal truth,
. . . but recollected herself in time.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. H. H.
Jackson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Like figures</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>similar
figures.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Like</i> is used as a suffix, converting nouns into
adjectives expressing resemblance to the noun; as, man<i>like</i>,
like a man; child<i>like</i>, like a child; god<i>like</i>, like a
god, etc. Such compounds are readily formed whenever convenient, and
several, as <i>crescentlike</i>, <i>serpentlike</i>, <i>hairlike</i>,
etc., are used in this book, although, in some cases, not entered in
the vocabulary. Such combinations as <i>bell-like</i>, <i>ball-
like</i>, etc., are hyphened.</p>

<p><hw>Like</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is equal or similar to another; the counterpart; an exact
resemblance; a copy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a man, take him for all in all,<BR>
I shall not look upon his <i>like</i> again.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A liking; a preference; inclination; --
usually in <i>pl.</i>; as, we all have <i>likes</i> and
dislikes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Like</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gel&imacr;ce</i>.
See <u>Like</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a
manner like that of; in a manner similar to; as, do not act
<i>like</i> him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He maketh them to stagger <i>like</i> a drunken
man.</blockquote> <i>Job xii. 25.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Like</i>, as here used, is regarded by some grammarians
as a preposition.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a like or similar manner.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Like</i> as a father pitieth his children, so the
Lord pitieth them that fear him.</blockquote> <i>Ps. ciii.
13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Likely; probably.</def> "<i>Like</i>
enough it will."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Like</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Liked</u> (l&imacr;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Liking</u>.] [OE. <i>liken</i> to please, AS.
<i>l&imacr;cian</i>, <i>gel&imacr;cian</i>, fr. <i>gel&imacr;c</i>.
See <u>Like</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
suit; to please; to be agreeable to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cornwall him <i>liked</i> best, therefore he chose
there.</blockquote> <i>R. of Gloucester.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I willingly confess that it <i>likes</i> me much
better when I find virtue in a fair lodging than when I am bound to
seek it in an ill-favored creature.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be pleased with in a moderate degree;
to approve; to take satisfaction in; to enjoy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He proceeded from looking to <i>liking</i>, and from
<i>liking</i> to loving.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To liken; to compare.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Like</i> me to the peasant boys of
France.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Like</hw> (l&imacr;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be pleased; to choose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He may either go or stay, as he best
<i>likes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have an appearance or expression; to
look; to seem to be (in a specified condition).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>like</i> well, and bear your years very
well.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come near; to avoid with difficulty; to
escape narrowly; as, he <i>liked</i> to have been too late.  Cf.
<i>Had like</i>, under <u>Like</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He probably got his death, as he <i>liked</i> to have
done two years ago, by viewing the troops for the expedition from the
wall of Kensington Garden.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To like of</b></col>, <cd>to be pleased with.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Like"a*ble</hw> (l&imacr;k"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Likable.</u></def></p>

<p><hw>Like"hood</hw> (-h&oocr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Likelihood.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Like"li*hood</hw> (-l&ibreve;*h&oocr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Likely</i> + <i>-hood</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Appearance;
show; sign; expression.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What of his heart perceive you in his face<BR>
By any <i>likelihood</i> he showed to-day ?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Likeness; resemblance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is no <i>likelihood</i> between pure light and
black darkness, or between righteousness and
reprobation.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appearance of truth or reality;
probability; verisimilitude.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Like"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Likelihood; probability.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suitableness; agreeableness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Like"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Likelier</u> (l&imacr;k"l&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Likeliest</u>.] [That is, <i>like-
like</i>. See <u>Like</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Worthy of belief; probable; credible; as, a <i>likely</i>
story.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It seems <i>likely</i> that he was in hope of being
busy and conspicuous.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having probability; having or giving
reason to expect; -- followed by the infinitive; as, it is
<i>likely</i> to rain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Similar; like; alike.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Such as suits; good-looking; pleasing;
agreeable; handsome.</def>  <i>Shak.</i>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having such qualities as make success
probable; well adapted to the place; promising; as, a <i>likely</i>
young man; a <i>likely</i> servant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Like"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In all probability;
probably.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While man was innocent he was <i>likely</i> ignorant
of nothing that imported him to know.</blockquote>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Like"-mind`ed</hw> (-m&imacr;nd`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a like disposition or purpose; of
the same mind.</def>  <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lik"en</hw> (l&imacr;k"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Likened</u> (-'nd); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Likening</u>.] [OE. <i>liknen</i>. See
<u>Like</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To allege, or think, to be like; to
represent as like; to compare; as, to <i>liken</i> life to a
pilgrimage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth
them, I will <i>liken</i> him unto a wise man which built his house
upon a rock.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vii. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make or cause to be like.</def> [R.]
<i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Like"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>gel&imacr;cnes</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality
of being like; similitude; resemblance; similarity; as, the
<i>likeness</i> of the one to the other is remarkable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Appearance or form; guise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An enemy in the <i>likeness</i> of a
friend.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which closely resembles; a
portrait.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[How he looked] the <i>likenesses</i> of him which
still remain enable us to imagine.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A comparison; parable; proverb.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He said to them, Soothly ye shall say to me this
<i>likeness</i>, Leech, heal thyself.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Luke
iv. 23).</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Similarity; parallel; similitude; representation;
portrait; effigy.</p>

<p>{<hw>Lik"er*ous</hw> (l&ibreve;k"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Lik"er*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
} [Obs.] <def>See <u>Lickerish</u>, <u>Lickerishness</u>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Like"wise`</hw> (l&imacr;k"w&imacr;z`), <pos><i>adv. &
conj.</i></pos> [See <u>Wise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>In like
manner; also; moreover; too. See <u>Also</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, and do thou <i>likewise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke
x. 37.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For he seeth that wise men die; <i>likewise</i> the
fool and the brutish person perish.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xlix.
10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lik"ing</hw> (l&imacr;k"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<def>Looking; appearing; as, better or worse <i>liking</i>. See
<u>Like</u>, to look.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should he see your faces worse <i>liking</i> than
the children which are of your sort ?</blockquote> <i>Dan. i.
10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lik"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state of being pleasing; a suiting. See <i>On liking</i>,
below.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being pleased with, or
attracted toward, some thing or person; hence, inclination; desire;
pleasure; preference; -- often with <i>for</i>, formerly with
<i>to</i>; as, it is an amusement I have no <i>liking</i>
for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the human intellect hath once taken a <i>liking</i>
to any doctrine, . . . it draws everything else into harmony with
that doctrine, and to its support.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appearance; look; figure; state of body as
to health or condition.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I shall think the worse of fat men, as long as I have
an eye to make difference of men's <i>liking</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their young ones are in good
<i>liking</i>.</blockquote> <i>Job. xxxix. 4.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On liking</b></col>, <cd>on condition of being pleasing to
or suiting; also, on condition of being pleased with; as, to hold a
place of service <i>on liking</i>; to engage a servant <i>on
liking</i>.</cd> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Would he be the degenerate scion of that royal line .
. . to be a king <i>on liking</i> and on sufferance ?</blockquote>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"lac</hw> (l&imacr;"l<i>a</i>k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also
<i>lilach</i>.] [Sp. <i>lilac</i>, <i>lila</i>, Ar.
<i>l&imacr;lak</i>, fr. Per. <i>l&imacr;laj</i>, <i>l&imacr;lanj</i>,
<i>l&imacr;lang</i>, <i>n&imacr;laj</i>, <i>n&imacr;l</i>, the indigo
plant, or from the kindred <i>l&imacr;lak</i> bluish, the flowers
being named from the color.  Cf. <u>Anil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A shrub of the genus <i>Syringa</i>. There are six
species, natives of Europe and Asia.  <i>Syringa vulgaris</i>, the
common lilac, and <i>S. Persica</i>, the Persian lilac, are
frequently cultivated for the fragrance and beauty of their purplish
or white flowers. In the British colonies various other shrubs have
this name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A light purplish color like that of the
flower of the purplish lilac.</def></p>

<p><col><b>California lilac</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low shrub
with dense clusters of purplish flowers (<i>Ceanothus
thyrsiflorus</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lil"a*cin</hw> (l&ibreve;l"&adot;*s&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Syringin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lil`i*a"ceous</hw> (l&ibreve;l`&ibreve;*&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>liliaceus</i>, fr. <i>lilium</i> lily.
See <u>Lily</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to a natural order of which the lily, tulip, and hyacinth
are well-known examples.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Like the
blossom of a lily in general form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lil"i*al</hw> (l&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a general resemblance
to lilies or to liliaceous plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lil"ied</hw> (l&ibreve;l"&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Covered with, or having many, lilies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By sandy Ladon's <i>lilied</i> banks.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lill</hw> (l&ibreve;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
loll.</def> [Obs. or Prov.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lil`li*pu"tian</hw>
(l&ibreve;l`l&ibreve;*p&umacr;"sh<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One belonging to a very diminutive race
described in Swift's "Voyage to Lilliput."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>A person or thing of very small
size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lil`li*pu"tian</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the imaginary island of <i>Lilliput</i>
described by Swift, or to its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>Of very small size; diminutive;
dwarfed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lil"ly-pil`ly</hw> (l&ibreve;l"l&ybreve;-
p&ibreve;l`l&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
Australian myrtaceous tree (<i>Eugenia Smithii</i>), having smooth
ovate leaves, and panicles of small white flowers. The wood is hard
and fine-grained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lilt</hw> (l&ibreve;lt), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Norw.
<i>lilla</i>, <i>lirla</i>, to sing in a high tone.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To do anything with animation and quickness,
as to skip, fly, or hop.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sing cheerfully.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Lilt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter with spirit,
animation, or gayety; to sing with spirit and liveliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A classic lecture, rich in sentiment,<BR>
With scraps of thundrous epic <i>lilted</i> out<BR>
By violet-hooded doctors.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lilt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Animated, brisk motion; spirited rhythm;
sprightliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The movement, the <i>lilt</i>, and the subtle charm of
the verse.</blockquote> <i>F. Harrison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lively song or dance; a cheerful
tune.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The housewife went about her work, or spun at her
wheel, with a <i>lilt</i> upon her lips.</blockquote> <i>J. C.
Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lil"y</hw> (l&ibreve;l"&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Lilies</b></plw> (-&ibreve;z). [AS. <i>lilie</i>,
L. <i>lilium</i>, Gr. <grk>lei`rion</grk>.  Cf. <u>Flower-de-
luce</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant and flower of the
genus <i>Lilium</i>, endogenous bulbous plants, having a regular
perianth of six colored pieces, six stamens, and a superior three-
celled ovary.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are nearly fifty species, all found in the North
Temperate zone. <i>Lilium candidum</i> and <i>L. longiflorum</i> are
the common white lilies of gardens; <i>L. Philadelphicum</i> is the
wild red lily of the Atlantic States; <i>L. Chalcedonicum</i> is
supposed to be the "lily of the field" in our Lord's parable; <i>L.
auratum</i> is the great gold-banded lily of Japan.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to handsome
flowering plants of several genera, having some resemblance in color
or form to a true lily, as <i>Pancratium</i>, <i>Crinum</i>,
<i>Amaryllis</i>, <i>Nerine</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That end of a compass needle which should
point to the north; -- so called as often ornamented with the figure
of a lily or fleur-de-lis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But sailing further, it veers its <i>lily</i> to the
west.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne. </i></p>

<p><col><b>African lily</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the blue-
flowered <i>Agapanthus umbellatus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Atamasco
lily</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Zephyranthes</i> (<i>Z. Atamasco</i>), having a white and pink
funnelform perianth, with six petal-like divisions resembling those
of a lily.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Blackberry lily</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the <i>Pardanthus Chinensis</i>, the black seeds
of which form a dense mass like a blackberry.</cd> -- <col><b>Bourbon
lily</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd><i>Lilium candidum</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i></cd> -- <col><b>Butterfly lily</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Mariposa lily</u>, in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Lily beetle</b></col> <i>(Zool.)</i>,
<cd>a European beetle (<i>Crioceris merdigera</i>) which feeds upon
the white lily.</cd> -- <col><b>Lily daffodil</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus <i>Narcissus</i>, and its
flower.</cd> -- <col><b>Lily encrinite</b></col> <i>(Paleon.)</i>,
<cd>a fossil encrinite, esp. <i>Encrinus liliiformis</i>. See
<u>Encrinite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lily hyacinth</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus <i>Hyacinthus</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Lily iron</b></col>, <cd>a kind of harpoon with a detachable
head of peculiar shape, used in capturing swordfish.</cd>

 -- <col><b>Lily of the valley</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low
perennial herb (<i>Convallaria majalis</i>), having a raceme of
nodding, fragrant, white flowers.</cd>

 -- <col><b>Lily pad</b></col>, <cd>the large floating leaf of the
water lily.</cd> [U. S.] <i>Lowell.</i> -- <col><b>Tiger
lily</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd><i>Lilium tigrinum</i>, the sepals
of which are blotched with black.</cd> -- <col><b>Turk's-cap
lily</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd><i>Lilium Martagon</i>, a red lily
with recurved sepals; also, the similar American lily, <i>L.
superbum</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Water lily</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the <i>Nymph&aelig;a</i>, a plant with floating roundish leaves,
and large flowers having many petals, usually white, but sometimes
pink, red, blue, or yellow. [See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Nymph&aelig;a</u>.]</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lil"y-hand`ed</hw> (-h&abreve;nd`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having white, delicate hands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lil"y-liv`ered</hw> (-l&ibreve;v`&etilde;rd),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>White-livered; cowardly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lil"y*wort`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the Lily family or order.</def>
<i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lim</hw> (l&ibreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Limb</u>.]
<def>A limb.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"ma</hw> (l&emacr;"m&adot; or l&imacr;"m&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The capital city of Peru, in South
America.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lima bean</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A variety of climbing or pole bean (<i>Phaseolus lunatus</i>),
which has very large flattish seeds</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
seed of this plant, much used for food.</cd> -- <col><b>Lima
wood</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the beautiful dark wood of the
South American tree <i>C&aelig;salpinia echinata</i>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 854 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Li*ma"ceous</hw> (l&isl;*m&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>limax</i>, <i>limacis</i>, slug, snail:
cf. F. <i>limac&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or like, Limax, or the slugs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lim`a*ci"na</hw> (l&ibreve;m`&adot;*s&imacr;"n&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L. <i>limax</i>, <i>limacis</i>, a
slug.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small spiral pteropods,
common in the Arctic and Antarctic seas. It contributes to the food
of the right whales.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Li`ma`&ccedil;on"</hw> (l&esl;`m&adot;`s&ocirc;N"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lima&ccedil;on</i>, lit., a snail.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A curve of the fourth degree, invented by Pascal.
Its polar equation is <i>r = a cos &theta; + b</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"maille</hw> (l&imacr;"m&amacr;l; F. l&esl;`m&auml;"y'),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>limer</i> to file. See
<u>Limation</u>.] <def>Filings of metal.</def> [Obs.] "An ounce . . .
of silver <i>lymaille</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"man</hw> (l&imacr;"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>limon</i>, fr. L. <i>limus</i> slime.] <def>The deposit of slime
at the mouth of a river; slime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*ma"tion</hw> (l&isl;*m&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>limatus</i>, p. p. of <i>limare</i> to
file, fr. <i>lima</i> file : cf. F. <i>limation</i>.] <def>The act of
filing or polishing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"ma*ture</hw> (l&imacr;"m&adot;*t&usl;r; 135),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>limatura</i>. See <u>Limation</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of filing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is filed off; filings.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Li"max</hw> (l&imacr;"m&abreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of airbreathing mollusks,
including the common garden slugs. They have a small rudimentary
shell. The breathing pore is on the right side of the neck. Several
species are troublesome in gardens. See <u>Slug</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Limb</hw> (l&ibreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lim</i>,
AS. <i>lim</i>; akin to Icel. <i>limr</i> limb, <i>lim</i> branch of
a tree, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>lem</i> limb; cf. also AS. <i>li&eth;</i>, OHG.
<i>lid</i>, <i>gilid</i>, G. <i>glied</i>, Goth. <i>li&thorn;us</i>.
Cf. <u>Lith</u>, <u>Limber</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A part of a
tree which extends from the trunk and separates into branches and
twigs; a large branch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An arm or a leg of a human being; a leg,
arm, or wing of an animal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A second Hector for his grim aspect,<BR>
And large proportion of his strong-knit <i>limbs</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thing or person regarded as a part or
member of, or attachment to, something else.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That little <i>limb</i> of the devil has cheated the
gallows.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An elementary piece of the mechanism of a
lock.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Limb of the law</b></col>, <cd>a lawyer or an officer of
the law.</cd> [Colloq.]  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Limb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
supply with limbs.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dismember; to tear off the limbs
of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Limb</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>limbus</i> border.  Cf.
<u>Limbo</u>, <u>Limbus</u>.] <def>A border or edge, in certain
special uses.</def> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The border
or upper spreading part of a monopetalous corolla, or of a petal, or
sepal; blade.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The
border or edge of the disk of a heavenly body, especially of the sun
and moon.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The graduated margin of an
arc or circle, in an instrument for measuring angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"bat</hw> (l&ibreve;m"b&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A cooling periodical wind in the Isle of
Cyprus, blowing from the northwest from eight o'clock, <u>A. M.</u>,
to the middle of the day or later.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"bate</hw> (l&ibreve;m"b&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>limbatus</i>, fr. <i>limbus</i> border, edge. See <u>Limbus</u>.]
<i>(Bot. &amp;  Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bordered, as when one color is
surrounded by an edging of another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"bec</hw> (-b&ebreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. of
<i>alembic</i>.] <def>An alembic; a still.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.
Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lim"bec</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To distill.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Limbed</hw> (l&ibreve;md), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
limbs; -- much used in composition; as, large<i>-limbed</i>;
short<i>-limbed</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Innumerous living creatures, perfect forms,<BR>
<i>Limbed</i> and full grown.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lim"ber</hw> (l&ibreve;m"b&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[For <i>limmer</i>, Icel. <i>limar</i> branches, boughs, pl. of
<i>lim</i>; akin to E. <i>limb</i>. See <u>Limb</u> a branch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The shafts or thills of a wagon or
carriage.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The detachable fore part of
a gun carriage, consisting of two wheels, an axle, and a shaft to
which the horses are attached. On top is an ammunition box upon which
the cannoneers sit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Gutters or
conduits on each side of the keelson to afford a passage for water to
the pump well.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Limber boards</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>short pieces
of plank forming part of the lining of a ship's floor immediately
above the timbers, so as to prevent the limbers from becoming
clogged.</cd> -- <col><b>Limber box or chest</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>a box on the limber for carrying ammunition.</cd> --
<col><b>Limber rope</b></col>, <col><b>Limber chain</b></col>, or
<col><b>Limber clearer</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rope or chain
passing through the limbers of a ship, by which they may be cleared
of dirt that chokes them.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Limber
strake</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>the first course of
inside planking next the keelson.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lim"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Limbered</u> (-b&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Limbering</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To attach to the
limber; as, to <i>limber</i> a gun.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To limber up</b></col>, <cd>to change a gun carriage into
a four-wheeled vehicle by attaching the limber.</cd>
 </p>

<p><hw>Lim"ber</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Akin to <i>limp</i>, a.
&radic;125.  See <u>Limp</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Easily bent;
flexible; pliant; yielding.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bargeman that doth row with long and <i>limber</i>
oar.</blockquote> <i>Turbervile.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lim"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to become
limber; to make flexible or pliant.</def>  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lim"ber*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being limber; flexibleness.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Limb"less</hw> (l&ibreve;m"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Destitute of limbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Limb"meal`</hw> (-m&emacr;l`), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See
<u>Limb</u>, and <u>Piecemeal</u>.] <def>Piecemeal.</def> [Obs.] "To
tear her <i>limbmeal</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lim"bo</hw> (l&ibreve;m"b&osl;), <hw>Lim"bus</hw> (-
b&ubreve;s), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>limbus</i> border, edge,
<i>in limbo</i> on the border.  Cf. <u>Limb</u> border.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Scholastic Theol.)</i> <def>An extramundane
region where certain classes of souls were supposed to await the
judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As far from help as <i>Limbo</i> is from
bliss.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>Limbo</i> large and broad, since called<BR>
The Paradise of fools.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>limbus patrum</i> was considered as a place for the
souls of good men who lived before the coming of our Savior. The
<i>limbus infantium</i> was said to be a similar place for the souls
of unbaptized infants. To these was added, in the popular belief, the
<i>limbus fatuorum</i>, or fool's paradise, regarded as a receptacle
of all vanity and nonsense.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Any real or imaginary place of
restraint or confinement; a prison; as, to put a man in
<i>limbo</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A border or margin; as, the
<i>limbus</i> of the cornea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"bous</hw> (l&ibreve;m"b&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Limbus</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>With slightly overlapping
borders; -- said of a suture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lime</hw> (l&imacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Leam</u> a
string.] <def>A thong by which a dog is led; a leash.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lime</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly <i>line</i>, for
earlier <i>lind</i>. See <u>Linden</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
linden tree. See <u>Linden</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lime</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lime</i>; of Persian
origin. See <u>Lemon</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fruit allied to the
lemon, but much smaller; also, the tree which bears it. There are two
kinds; <i>Citrus Medica</i>, var. <i>acida</i> which is intensely
sour, and the sweet lime (<i>C. Medica</i>, var. <i>Limetta</i>)
which is only slightly sour.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lime</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>l&imacr;m</i>; akin to
D. <i>lijm</i>, G. <i>leim</i>, OHG. <i>l&imacr;m</i>, Icel.
<i>l&imacr;m</i>, Sw. <i>lim</i>, Dan. <i>liim</i>, L. <i>limus</i>
mud, <i>linere</i> to smear, and E. <i>loam</i>. &radic;126.  Cf.
<u>Loam</u>, <u>Liniment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Birdlime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the <i>lime</i><BR>
That foolish birds are caught with.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Oxide of calcium; the white
or gray, caustic substance, usually called <i>quicklime</i>, obtained
by calcining limestone or shells, the heat driving off carbon dioxide
and leaving lime. It develops great heat when treated with water,
forming slacked lime, and is an essential ingredient of cement,
plastering, mortar, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Lime is the principal constituent of limestone, marble,
chalk, bones, shells, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Caustic lime</b></col>, <cd>calcium hydrate or slacked
lime; also, in a less technical sense, calcium oxide or
quicklime.</cd> -- <col><b>Lime burner</b></col>, <cd>one who burns
limestone, shells, etc., to make lime.</cd> -- <col><b>Lime
light</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Calcium light</i>, under
<u>Calcium</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lime pit</b></col>, <cd>a limestone
quarry.</cd> -- <col><b>Lime rod</b></col>, <col><b>Lime
twig</b></col>, <cd>a twig smeared with birdlime; hence, that which
catches; a snare.</cd> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lime</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Limed</u> (l&imacr;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Liming</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>gel&imacr;man</i> to glue or
join together. See <u>Lime</u> a viscous substance.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To smear with a viscous substance, as
birdlime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These twigs, in time, will come to be
<i>limed</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To entangle; to insnare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We had <i>limed</i> ourselves<BR>
With open eyes, and we must take the chance.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To treat with lime, or oxide or hydrate of
calcium; to manure with lime; as, to <i>lime</i> hides for removing
the hair; to <i>lime</i> sails in order to whiten them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Land may be improved by draining, marling, and
<i>liming</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Child.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cement.</def> "Who gave his blood to
<i>lime</i> the stones together."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lime"hound`</hw> (l&imacr;m"hound`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Lime</i> a leash + <i>hound</i>.] <def>A dog used in hunting the
wild boar; a leamer.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lime"kiln`</hw> (l&imacr;m"k&ibreve;ln`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A kiln or furnace in which limestone or shells are burned and
reduced to lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*men"e*an</hw> (l&esl;*m&ebreve;n"&esl;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Lima, or to the
inhabitants of Lima, in Peru.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Lima.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"er</hw> (l&imacr;m"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
limehound; a limmer.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lime"stone`</hw> (l&imacr;m"st&omacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A rock consisting chiefly of calcium carbonate or carbonate of
lime. It sometimes contains also magnesium carbonate, and is then
called <i>magnesian</i> or <i>dolomitic limestone</i>. Crystalline
limestone is called <i>marble</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lime twig</hw>. <def>See under 4th <u>Lime</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lime"-twigged`</hw> (-tw&ibreve;gd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Beset with snares; insnared, as with birdlime.</def>  <i>L.
Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lime"wa`ter</hw> (-w&add;`t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Water impregnated with lime; esp., an artificial solution of
lime for medicinal purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Li*mic"o*l&aelig;</hw> (l&isl;*m&ibreve;k"&osl;*l&emacr;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>limicola</i> a dweller in the mud;
<i>limus</i> mud + <i>colere</i> to dwell.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A group of shore birds, embracing the plovers, sandpipers,
snipe, curlew, etc.; the Grall&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*mic"o*line</hw> (-l&ibreve;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Shore-inhabiting; of or pertaining to the
Limicol&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"i*ness</hw> (l&imacr;m"&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality of being
limy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"it</hw> (l&ibreve;m"&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
L. <i>limes</i>, <i>limitis</i>: cf. F. <i>limite</i>; or  from E.
<i>limit</i>, v.  See <u>Limit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which terminates, circumscribes,
restrains, or confines; the bound, border, or edge; the utmost
extent; as, the <i>limit</i> of a walk, of a town, of a country; the
<i>limits</i> of human knowledge or endeavor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As eager of the chase, the maid<BR>
Beyond the forest's verdant <i>limits</i> strayed.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The space or thing defined by
limits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The archdeacon hath divided it<BR>
Into three <i>limits</i> very equally.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which terminates a period of time;
hence, the period itself; the full time or extent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dateless <i>limit</i> of thy dear
exile.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>limit</i> of your lives is out.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A restriction; a check; a curb; a
hindrance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I prithee, give no <i>limits</i> to my
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Logic &amp; Metaph.)</i> <def>A determining
feature; a distinguishing characteristic; a differentia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A determinate quantity, to
which a variable one continually approaches, and may differ from it
by less than any given difference, but to which, under the law of
variation, the variable can never become exactly
equivalent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Elastic limit</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Elastic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prison limits</b></col>, <cd>a
definite extent of space in or around a prison, within which a
prisoner has liberty to go and come.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Boundary; border; edge; termination; restriction;
bound; confine.</p>

<p><hw>Lim"it</hw> (l&ibreve;m"&ibreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Limited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Limiting</u>.] [F. <i>limiter</i>, L.
<i>limitare</i>, fr.  <i>limes</i>, <i>limitis</i>, limit; prob. akin
to <i>limen</i> threshold, E. <i>eliminate</i>; cf. L. <i>limus</i>
sidelong.] <def>To apply a limit to, or set a limit for; to
terminate, circumscribe, or restrict, by a limit or limits; as, to
<i>limit</i> the acreage of a crop; to <i>limit</i> the issue of
paper money; to <i>limit</i> one's ambitions or aspirations; to
<i>limit</i> the meaning of a word.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Limiting parallels</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>those
parallels of latitude between which only an occultation of a star or
planet by the moon, in a given case, can occur.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lim"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To beg, or to
exercise functions, within a certain limited region; as, a
<i>limiting</i> friar.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lim"it*a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being limited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim`i*ta"ne*ous</hw>
(l&ibreve;m`&ibreve;*t&amacr;"n&esl;*&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>limitaneus</i>. See <u>Limit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Of or pertaining to a limit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lim`i*ta"ri*an</hw> (-r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to limit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"i*ta*ry</hw> (l&ibreve;m"&ibreve;*t&asl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>limitaris</i>. See <u>Limit</u> ,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Placed at the limit,
as a guard.</def> "Proud <i>limitary</i> cherub."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Confined within limits; limited in extent,
authority, power, etc.</def> "The <i>limitary</i> ocean."
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The poor, <i>limitary</i> creature calling himself a
man of the world.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Limiting, or tending to limit;
restrictive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Doctrines <i>limitary</i>, if not subversive of the
papal power.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lim"i*ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
ries</b></plw> (-r&ibreve;z). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
serves to limit; a boundary; border land.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A limiter. See <u>Limiter</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"i*tate</hw> (-&ibreve;*t&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>limitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>limitare</i> to limit. See
<u>Limit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <def>Bounded by a distinct
line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim`i*ta"tion</hw> (-t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>limitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>limitation</i>.
See <u>Limit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of limiting; the state or condition of being limited;
as, the <i>limitation</i> of his authority was approved by the
council.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They had no right to mistake the <i>limitation</i> . .
. of their own faculties, for an inherent <i>limitation</i> of the
possible modes of existence in the universe.</blockquote> <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which limits; a restriction; a
qualification; a restraining condition, defining circumstance, or
qualifying conception; as, <i>limitations</i> of thought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cause of error is ignorance what restraints and
<i>limitations</i> all principles have in regard of the matter
whereunto they are applicable.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A certain precinct within which friars
were allowed to beg, or exercise their functions; also, the time
during which they were permitted to exercise their functions in such
a district.</def>  <i>Chaucer. Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A limited time within or during which
something is to be done.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have stood your <i>limitation</i>, and the
tribunes<BR>
Endue you with the people's voice.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A certain
period limited by statute after which the claimant shall not enforce
his claims by suit.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A settling of an
estate or property by specific rules.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A restriction of power; as, a constitutional
<i>limitation</i>.</def>  <i>Wharton. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To know one's own limitations</b></col>, <cd>to know the
reach and limits of one's abilities.</cd>  <i>A. R. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lim"it*ed</hw> (l&ibreve;m"&ibreve;t*&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Confined within limits; narrow;
circumscribed; restricted; as, our views of nature are very
<i>limited</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Limited company</b></col>, <cd>a company in which the
liability of each shareholder is limited by the number of shares he
has taken, so that he can not be called on to contribute beyond the
amount of his shares.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lim"it*ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
limitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"it*ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being limited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"it*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, limits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A friar licensed to beg within certain
bounds, or whose duty was limited to a certain district.</def>
[Formerly written also <i>limitour</i>.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>limitour</i> of the Gray Friars, in the time of
his limitation, preached many times, and had but one sermon at all
times.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lim"it*ive</hw> (-&ibreve;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Involving a limit; as, a <i>limitive</i> law, one designed to
limit existing powers.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Lim"it*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no limits;
unbounded; boundless.</def>  <i>Davies (Wit's Pilgr.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Lim"it*our</hw> (-&oomac;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Limiter</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"mer</hw> (-m&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Limber.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lim"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>limier</i>. See
<u>Leamer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A limehound; a
leamer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mongrel, as a cross
between the mastiff and hound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A low, base fellow; also, a
prostitute.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thieves, <i>limmers</i>, and broken men of the
Highlands.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A man rope at the side of a
ladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Limn</hw> (l&ibreve;m), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Limned</u> (l&ibreve;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp;  vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Limning</u> (l&ibreve;m"n&ibreve;ng or
l&ibreve;m"&ibreve;ng).] [OE. <i>limnen</i>, fr. <i>luminen</i>, for
<i>enluminen</i>, F. <i>enluminer</i> to illuminate, to limn, LL.
<i>illuminare</i> to paint. &radic;122.  See <u>Illuminate</u>,
<u>Luminous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw or paint;
especially, to represent in an artistic way with pencil or
brush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let a painter carelessly <i>limn</i> out a million of
faces, and you shall find them all different.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To illumine, as books or parchments, with
ornamental figures, letters, or borders.</def></p>

<p><! p. 855 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>||Lim *n&aelig;"a</hw> (l&ibreve;m*n&emacr;"&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>limnai^os</grk> pertaining to
a marsh, fr. <grk>li`mh</grk> a marsh.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of fresh-water air-breathing mollusks, abundant in ponds and
streams; -- called also <i>pond snail</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>Lymn&aelig;a</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lim"ner</hw> (l&ibreve;m"n&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>enlumineur</i>, LL. <i>illuminator</i>. See <u>Limn</u>, and cf.
<u>Alluminor</u>.] <def>A painter; an artist</def>; esp.:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who paints portraits.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who illuminates books.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Lim"ni*ad</hw> (-n&ibreve;*&abreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>li`mh</grk> a pool.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>See
<u>Limoniad</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"ning</hw> (l&ibreve;m"n&ibreve;ng or
l&ibreve;m"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act, process,
or art of one who limns; the picture or decoration so
produced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adorned with illumination which we now call
<i>limning</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*moges"</hw> (l&esl;*m&omacr;zh"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A city of Southern France.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Limoges enamel</b></col>, <cd>a kind of enamel ware in
which the enamel is applied to the whole surface of a metal plaque,
vase, or the like, and painted in enamel colors. The art was brought
to a high degree of perfection in Limoges in the 16th century.</cd> -
- <col><b>Limoges ware</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Articles
decorated with Limoges enamel</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Articles
of porcelain, etc., manufactured at Limoges.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Li*mo"ni*ad</hw> (l&isl;*m&omacr;"n&ibreve;*&abreve;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>limoniades</i>, pl., Gr.
<grk>leimwnia`des</grk>, fr. <grk>leimw`n</grk> meadow.] <i>(Class.
Myth.)</i> <def>A nymph of the meadows; -- called also
<i>Limniad</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*mo"nin</hw> (l&isl;*m&omacr;"n&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From NL. Citrus Medica, var. <i>Limonum</i>,
the scientific name of the lemon.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter,
white, crystalline substance found in orange and lemon
seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"mon*ite</hw> (l&imacr;"m&obreve;n*&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>leimw`n</grk> any moist grassy place,
a meadow : cf. F. <i>limonite</i>, G. <i>limonit</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Hydrous sesquioxide of iron, an important ore of iron, occurring
in stalactitic, mammillary, or earthy forms, of a dark brown color,
and yellowish brown powder. It includes bog iron. Also called
<i>brown hematite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Li*mo"sis</hw> (l&isl;*m&omacr;"s&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>limo`s</grk> hunger.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A ravenous appetite caused by disease; excessive
and morbid hunger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"mous</hw> (l&imacr;"m&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>limosus</i>, fr. <i>limus</i> slime, mud.] <def>Muddy; slimy;
thick.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Limp</hw> (l&ibreve;mp), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Limped</u> (l&ibreve;mt; 215); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Limping</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>lemp</i>healt lame,
OHG. <i>limphen</i> to limp, be weak; perh. akin to E. <i>lame</i>,
or to <i>limp</i>, a &radic;120.] <def>To halt; to walk lamely. Also
used figuratively.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Limp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A halt; the act of
limping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Limp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ore Washing)</i> <def>A
scraper for removing poor ore or refuse from the sieve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Limp</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>limpa</i>
limpness, weakness, and E. <i>lap</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<i>lop</i>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> Cf. <u>Limber</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flaccid; flabby, as
flesh.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lacking stiffness; flimsy; as, a
<i>limp</i> cravat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Limp"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
limps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"pet</hw> (l&ibreve;m"p&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Prob. through French fr. L. <i>lepas</i>, <i>-adis</i>, Gr.
<grk>lepa`s</grk>, <grk>-a`dos</grk>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a general sense, any hatshaped, or
conical, gastropod shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any one of many species of marine
shellfish of the order Docoglossa, mostly found adhering to rocks,
between tides.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European limpets of the genus <i>Patella</i>
(esp. <i>P. vulgata</i>) are extensively used as food. The common New
England species is <i>Acm&aelig;a testudinalis</i>. Numerous species
of limpets occur on the Pacific coast of America, some of them of
large size.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any species of <i>Siphonaria</i>, a genus
of limpet-shaped Pulmonifera, living between tides, on
rocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A keyhole limpet. See
<u>Fissurella</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"pid</hw> (-p&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>limpidus</i>; akin to Gr. <grk>la`mpein</grk> to shine: cf. F.
<i>limpide</i>.  Cf. <u>Lamp</u>.] <def>Characterized by clearness or
transparency; clear; as, a <i>limpid</i> stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Springs which were clear, fresh, and
<i>limpid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Clear; transparent; pellucid; lucid; pure; crystal;
translucent; bright.</p>

<p><hw>Lim*pid"i*ty</hw> (l&ibreve;m*p&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>limpiditas</i>: cf. F.
<i>limpidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
limpid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"pid*ness</hw> (l&ibreve;m"p&ibreve;d*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being limpid;
limpidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"pin</hw> (-p&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
limpet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Limp"ing*ly</hw> (l&ibreve;mp"-), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a limping manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Limp"i*tude</hw> (-&ibreve;*t&umacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Limpidity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Limp"kin</hw> (l&ibreve;mp"k&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Either one of two species of wading birds of
the genus <i>Aramus</i>, intermediate between the cranes and rails.
The limpkins are remarkable for the great length of the toes. One
species (<i>A. giganteus</i>) inhabits Florida and the West Indies;
the other (<i>A. scolopaceus</i>) is found in South America. Called
also <i>courlan</i>, and <i>crying bird</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Limp"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being limp.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Limp"sy</hw> (-s&ybreve;), <hw>Lim"sy</hw>
(l&ibreve;m"s&ybreve;), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Limp</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. W. <i>llymsi</i> having a fickle
motion, weak.  Cf. <u>Flimsy</u>.] <def>Limp; flexible; flimsy.</def>
[Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Li"mu</hw> (l&emacr;"m&oomac;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The Hawaiian name for seaweeds. Over sixty kinds
are used as food, and have species names, as <i>Limu Lipoa</i>,
<i>Limu palawai</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"ule</hw> (l&ibreve;m"&usl;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A limulus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lim`u*loi"de*a</hw> (l&ibreve;m`&usl;*loi"d&esl;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Limulus</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of Merostomata, including among
living animals the genus Limulus, with various allied fossil genera,
mostly of the Carboniferous period. Called also
<i>Xiphosura</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are six pairs of leglike organs, surrounding the
mouth, most of which terminate in claws; those of the first pair
(probably mandibles) are the smallest; the others have the basal
joints thickened and spinose, to serve as jaws, while the terminal
joints serve as legs.<BR>
    This group is intermediate, in some characteristics, between
crustaceans and certain arachnids (scorpions), but the respiration is
by means of lamellate gills borne upon the five posterior abdominal
appendages, which are flat and united in pairs by their inner edges,
and are protected by the lidlike anterior pair, which also bear the
genital orifices.</p>

<p><hw>||Lim"u*lus</hw> (l&ibreve;m"&usl;*l&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Limuli</b></plw> (-
l&imacr;). [L., dim. of <i>limus</i> sidelong, askance.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The only existing genus of Merostomata. It
includes only a few species from the East Indies, and one (<i>Limulus
polyphemus</i>) from the Atlantic coast of North America. Called also
<i>Molucca crab</i>, <i>king crab</i>, <i>horseshoe crab</i>, and
<i>horsefoot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"y</hw> (l&imacr;m"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 4th
<u>Lime</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Smeared with, or consisting of,
lime; viscous.</def> "<i>Limy</i> snares." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing lime; as, a <i>limy</i>
soil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Resembling lime; having the qualities of
lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin</hw> (l&ibreve;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>linnan</i>. See <u>Lithe</u>.] <def>To yield; to stop; to
cease.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cease from.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Lin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>linn</i>, or Gael.
<i>linne</i>; akin to W. <i>llyn</i> a pool, pond, lake, but in
senses 2 and 3 prob. from AS. <i>hlynn</i> torrent.  Cf.
<u>Dunlin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pool or collection of
water, particularly one above or below a fall of water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A waterfall, or cataract; as, a roaring
<i>lin</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A steep ravine.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Written also <i>linn</i> and <i>lyn</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Lin"age</hw> (l&ibreve;n"&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Lineage</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin"a*ment</hw> (-&adot;*m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>linamentum</i>, fr. <i>linum</i> flax.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>Lint; esp., lint made into a tent for insertion into wounds or
ulcers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*nar"ite</hw> (l&esl;*n&auml;r"&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because formerly supposed to occur at
<i>Linares</i>, in Spain.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous sulphate of
lead and copper occurring in bright blue monoclinic
crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Linch</hw> (l&ibreve;nch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hlinc</i> a hill.] <def>A ledge; a right-angled
projection.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lin"chi</hw> (l&ibreve;n"ch&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Native Chinese name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An esculent
swallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Linch"pin`</hw> (l&ibreve;nch"p&ibreve;n`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lynis</i> the axletree; akin to D.
<i>luns</i> linchpin, OS. <i>lunisa</i>, LG. <i>lunse</i>, G.
<i>l&uuml;nse</i>, OHG. <i>lun</i> peg, bolt.] <def>A pin used to
prevent the wheel of a vehicle from sliding off the
axletree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"coln green"</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"k&ubreve;n gr&emacr;n").
<def>A color of cloth formerly made in <i>Lincoln</i>, England; the
cloth itself.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Linc"ture</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;k"t&usl;r; 135),
<hw>Linc"tus</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;k"t&ubreve;s), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lingere</i>, <i>linctum</i>, to lick.]
<def>Medicine taken by licking with the tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lind</hw> (l&ibreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The linden.
See <u>Linden</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin"den</hw> (l&ibreve;n"d<i>e</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Orig. an adj. from <i>lind</i> linden tree, AS. <i>lind</i>; akin to
D. &amp; G. <i>linde</i>, OHG. <i>linta</i>, Icel., Sw., &amp; Dan.
<i>lind</i>.  Cf. <u>Lime</u> linden.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A handsome tree (<i>Tilia
Europ&aelig;a</i>), having cymes of light yellow flowers, and large
cordate leaves. The tree is common in Europe.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In America, the basswood, or <i>Tilia
Americana</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lin"di*a</hw> (l&ibreve;n"d&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A peculiar genus
of rotifers, remarkable for the absence of ciliated disks. By some
zo&ouml;logists it is thought to be like the ancestral form of the
Arthropoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"di*form</hw> (-d&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Lindia</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling
the genus Lindia; -- said of certain apodous insect
larv&aelig;.</def> [See Illust. under <u>Larva</u>.]</p>

<p><hw>Line</hw> (l&imacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lin</i>.
See <u>Linen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flax; linen.</def> [Obs.]
"Garments made of <i>line</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The longer and finer fiber of
flax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Line</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lined</u> (l&imacr;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lining</u>.] [See <u>Line</u> flax.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover the inner surface of; as, to
<i>line</i> a cloak with silk or fur; to <i>line</i> a box with paper
or tin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inside <i>lined</i> with rich carnation
silk.</blockquote> <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put something in the inside of; to
fill; to supply, as a purse with money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The charge amounteth very high for any one man's
purse, except <i>lined</i> beyond ordinary, to reach
unto.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Till coffee has her stomach <i>lined</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To place persons or things along the side
of for security or defense; to strengthen by adding anything; to
fortify; as, to <i>line</i> works with soldiers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Line</i> and new repair our towns of war<BR>
With men of courage and with means defendant.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To impregnate; -- applied to brute
animals.</def>  <i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lined gold</b></col>, <cd>gold foil having a lining of
another metal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Line</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>line</i>, AS.
<i>l&imacr;ne</i> cable, hawser, prob. from L. <i>linea</i> a linen
thread, string, line, fr. <i>linum</i> flax, thread, linen, cable;
but the English word was influenced by F. <i>ligne</i> line, from the
same L. word <i>linea</i>. See <u>Linen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A linen thread or string; a slender, strong cord; also, a cord
of any thickness; a rope; a hawser; as, a fishing <i>line</i>; a
<i>line</i> for snaring birds; a clothes<i>line</i>; a
tow<i>line</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who so layeth <i>lines</i> for to latch
fowls.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A more or less threadlike mark of pen,
pencil, or graver; any long mark; as, a chalk <i>line</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The course followed by anything in motion;
hence, a road or route; as, the arrow descended in a curved
<i>line</i>; the place is remote from <i>lines</i> of
travel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Direction; as, the <i>line</i> of sight or
vision.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A row of letters, words, etc., written or
printed; esp., a row of words extending across a page or
column.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A short letter; a note; as, a <i>line</i>
from a friend.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Poet.)</i> <def>A verse, or the words which
form a certain number of feet, according to the measure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the preceding <i>line</i> Ulysses speaks of
Nausicaa.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Course of conduct, thought, occupation, or
policy; method of argument; department of industry, trade, or
intellectual activity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is uncommonly powerful in his own <i>line</i>, but
it is not the <i>line</i> of a first-rate man.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>That which has length, but
not breadth or thickness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The exterior limit of a figure, plat, or
territory; boundary; contour; outline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eden stretched her <i>line</i><BR>
From Auran eastward to the royal towers<BR>
Of great Seleucia.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A threadlike crease marking the face or
the hand; hence, characteristic mark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though on his brow were graven <i>lines</i>
austere.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He tipples palmistry, and dines<BR>
On all her fortune-telling <i>lines</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Cleveland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Lineament; feature; figure.</def> "The
<i>lines</i> of my boy's face."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>A straight row; a continued series or
rank; as, a <i>line</i> of houses, or of soldiers; a <i>line</i> of
barriers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unite thy forces and attack their
<i>lines</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>A series or succession of ancestors or
descendants of a given person; a family or race; as, the ascending or
descending <i>line</i>; the <i>line</i> of descent; the male
<i>line</i>; a <i>line</i> of kings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of his lineage am I, and his offspring<BR>
By very <i>line</i>, as of the stock real.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>A connected series of public conveyances,
and hence, an established arrangement for forwarding merchandise,
etc.; as, a <i>line</i> of stages; an express <i>line</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
circle of latitude or of longitude, as represented on a map.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The equator; -- usually called <i>the
line</i>, or <i>equinoctial line</i>; as, to cross <i>the
line</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>A long tape, or a narrow ribbon of steel,
etc., marked with subdivisions, as feet and inches, for measuring; a
tapeline.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
measuring line or cord.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He marketh it out with a <i>line</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Is. xliv. 13.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That which was measured by a line, as a
field or any piece of land set apart; hence, allotted place of
abode.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>lines</i> are fallen unto me in pleasant
places; yea, I have a goodly heritage.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xvi.
6.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Instruction; doctrine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>line</i> is gone out through all the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xix. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The proper relative
position or adjustment of parts, not as to design or proportion, but
with reference to smooth working; as, the engine is in <i>line</i> or
out of <i>line</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>20.</b></sn> <def>The track and roadbed of a railway;
railroad.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>21.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A row
of men who are abreast of one another, whether side by side or some
distance apart; -- opposed to <i>column</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The regular infantry of an army, as
distinguished from militia, guards, volunteer corps, cavalry,
artillery, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>22.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
trench or rampart.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<def>Dispositions made to cover extended positions, and presenting a
front in but one direction to an enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>23.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>Form of
a vessel as shown by the outlines of vertical, horizontal, and
oblique sections.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>24.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One of the straight
horizontal and parallel prolonged strokes on and between which the
notes are placed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>25.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>A number of
shares taken by a jobber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>26.</b></sn> <i>(Trade)</i> <def>A series of various
qualities and values of the same general class of articles; as, a
full <i>line</i> of hosiery; a <i>line</i> of merinos, etc.</def>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>27.</b></sn> <def>The wire connecting one telegraphic
station with another, or the whole of a system of telegraph wires
under one management and name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>28.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The reins with which a horse
is guided by his driver.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>29.</b></sn> <def>A measure of length; one twelfth of an
inch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hard lines</b></col>, <cd>hard lot.</cd> <i>C.
Kingsley.</i> [See Def. 18.] -- <col><b>Line breeding</b></col>
<i>(Stockbreeding)</i>, <cd>breeding by a certain family line of
descent, especially in the selection of the dam or mother.</cd> --
<col><b>Line conch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a spiral marine
shell (<i>Fasciolaria distans</i>), of Florida and the West Indies.
It is marked by narrow, dark, revolving lines.</cd> -- <col><b>Line
engraving</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Engraving in which the
effects are produced by lines of different width and closeness, cut
with the burin upon copper or similar material; also, a plate so
engraved</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A picture produced by printing
from such an engraving.</cd> -- <col><b>Line of battle</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil. Tactics)</i> <cd>The position of troops
drawn up in their usual order without any determined maneuver</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naval)</i> <cd>The line or arrangement formed
by vessels of war in an engagement.</cd> -- <col><b>Line of battle
ship</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Ship of the line</i>, below.</cd> --
<col><b>Line of beauty</b></col> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>, <cd>an abstract
line supposed to be beautiful in itself and absolutely; --
differently represented by different authors, often as a kind of
elongated <i>S</i> (like the one drawn by Hogarth).</cd> --
<col><b>Line of centers</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A line joining two centers, or fulcra, as of wheels or
levers</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A line which determines a dead
center. See <i>Dead center</i>, under <u>Dead</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Line of dip</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a line in the plane
of a stratum, or part of a stratum, perpendicular to its intersection
with a horizontal plane; the line of greatest inclination of a
stratum to the horizon.</cd> -- <col><b>Line of fire</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the direction of fire.</cd> -- <col><b>Line of
force</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>any line in a space in which
forces are acting, so drawn that at every point of the line its
tangent is the direction of the resultant of all the forces. It cuts
at right angles every equipotential surface which it meets.
Specifically <i>(Magnetism)</i>, a line in proximity to a magnet so
drawn that any point in it is tangential with the direction of a
short compass needle held at that point.</cd> <i>Faraday.</i> --
<col><b>Line of life</b></col> <i>(Palmistry)</i>, <cd>a line on the
inside of the hand, curving about the base of the thumb, supposed to
indicate, by its form or position, the length of a person's
life.</cd> -- <col><b>Line of lines</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Gunter's
line</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Line of march</b></col>. <i>(Mil.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Arrangement of troops for marching</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Course or direction taken by an army or body
of troops in marching.</cd> -- <col><b>Line of operations</b></col>,
<cd>that portion of a theater of war which an army passes over in
attaining its object.</cd> <i>H. W. Halleck.</i> -- <col><b>Line of
sight</b></col> <i>(Firearms)</i>, <cd>the line which passes through
the front and rear sight, at any elevation, when they are sighted at
an object.</cd> -- <col><b>Line tub</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
tub in which the line carried by a whaleboat is coiled.</cd> --
<col><b>Mason and Dixon's line</b></col>, <cd>the boundary line
between Pennsylvania and Maryland, as run before the Revolution
(1764-1767) by two English astronomers named Charles Mason and
Jeremiah Dixon. In an extended sense, the line between the free and
the slave States.</cd> -- <col><b>On the line</b></col>, <cd>on a
level with the eye of the spectator; -- said of a picture, as hung in
an exhibition of pictures.</cd> -- <col><b>Right line</b></col>,
<cd>a straight line; the shortest line that can be drawn between two
points.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship of the line</b></col>, <cd>formerly, a
ship of war large enough to have a place in the line of battle; a
vessel superior to a frigate; usually, a seventy-four, or three-
decker; -- called also <i>line of battle ship</i>.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>To cross the line</b></col>, <cd>to cross
the equator, as a vessel at sea.</cd> -- <col><b>To give a person
line</b></col>, <cd>to allow him more or less liberty until it is
convenient to stop or check him, like a hooked fish that swims away
with the line.</cd> -- <col><b>Water line</b></col>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>the outline of a horizontal section of a
vessel, as when floating in the water.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 856 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Line</hw> (l&imacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark with a line or lines; to cover with
lines; as, to <i>line</i> a copy book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had a healthy color in his cheeks, and his face,
though <i>lined</i>, bore few traces of anxiety.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To represent by lines; to delineate; to
portray.</def> [R.] "Pictures fairest <i>lined</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To read or repeat line by line; as, to
<i>line</i> out a hymn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This custom of reading or <i>lining</i>, or, as it was
frequently called, "deaconing" the hymn or psalm in the churches, was
brought about partly from necessity.</blockquote> <i>N. D.
Gould.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To form into a line; to align; as, to
<i>line</i> troops.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To line bees</b></col>, <cd>to track wild bees to their
nest by following their line of flight.</cd> -- <col><b>To line
up</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>to put in alignment; to put in
correct adjustment for smooth running. See 3d <u>Line</u>,
19.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lin"e*age</hw> (l&ibreve;n"&esl;*&asl;j; 48),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>linage</i>, F. <i>lignage</i>, fr. L.
<i>linea</i> line. See 3d <u>Line</u>.] <def>Descent in a line from a
common progenitor; progeny; race; descending line of offspring or
ascending line of parentage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both the <i>lineage</i> and the certain sire<BR>
From which I sprung, from me are hidden yet.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin"e*al</hw> (l&ibreve;n"&esl;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>linealis</i> belonging to a line, fr.
<i>linea</i> line: cf. F. <i>lin&eacute;al</i>. See 3d <u>Line</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Descending in a direct line from an ancestor;
hereditary; derived from ancestors; -- opposed to <i>collateral</i>;
as, a <i>lineal</i> descent or a <i>lineal</i> descendant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The prime and ancient right of <i>lineal</i>
succession.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inheriting by direct descent; having the
right by direct descent to succeed (<i>to</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For only you are <i>lineal</i> to the
throne.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Composed of lines; delineated; as,
<i>lineal</i> designs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In the direction of a line; of or
pertaining to a line; measured on, or ascertained by, a line; linear;
as, <i>lineal</i> magnitude.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lineal measure</b></col>, <cd>the measure of length; --
usually written <i>linear measure</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lin`e*al"i*ty</hw> (-&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being lineal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"e*al*ly</hw> (l&ibreve;n"&esl;*<i>a</i>l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lineal manner; as, the prince is
<i>lineally</i> descended from the Conqueror.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"e*a*ment</hw> (-&adot;*m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>lineamentum</i>, fr. <i>linea</i> line: cf. F.
<i>lin&eacute;ament</i>. See 3d <u>Line</u>.] <def>One of the
outlines, exterior features, or distinctive marks, of a body or
figure, particularly of the face; feature; form; mark; -- usually in
the <i>plural</i>.</def>  "The <i>lineaments</i> of the body."
<i>Locke.</i> "<i>Lineaments</i> in the character." <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man he seems<BR>
In all his <i>lineaments</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin"e*ar</hw> (-&esl;*&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>linearis</i>, <i>linearius</i>, fr. <i>linea</i> line: cf. F.
<i>lin&eacute;aire</i>. See 3d <u>Line</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a line; consisting of lines; in a straight
direction; lineal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Like a line; narrow; of the
same breadth throughout, except at the extremities; as, a
<i>linear</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Linear differential equation</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>an equation which is of the first degree, when the expression
which is equated to zero is regarded as a function of the dependent
variable and its differential coefficients.</cd> -- <col><b>Linear
equation</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>an equation of the first
degree between two variables; -- so called because every such
equation may be considered as representing a right line.</cd> --
<col><b>Linear measure</b></col>, <cd>the measurement of length.</cd>
-- <col><b>Linear numbers</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>such numbers
as have relation to length only: such is a number which represents
one side of a plane figure. If the plane figure is a square, the
linear figure is called a <i>root</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Linear
problem</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a problem which may be solved
geometrically by the use of right lines alone.</cd> -- <col><b>Linear
transformation</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>a change of variables
where each variable is replaced by a function of the first degree in
the new variable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lin`e*ar*en"sate</hw> (-&ebreve;n"s&asl;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form of a sword,
but very long and narrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"e*ar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a linear
manner; with lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"e*ar-shaped`</hw> (-sh&amacr;pt`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of a linear shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"e*a*ry</hw> (-&asl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Linear.</def>  <i> Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lin"e*ate</hw> (l&ibreve;n"&esl;*&asl;t),
<hw>Lin"e*a`ted</hw> (-&amacr;`t&ebreve;d), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>lineatus</i>, p. p. of <i>lineare</i> to reduce to a straight
line, fr. <i>linea</i> line.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Marked with lines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Marked longitudinally with
depressed parallel lines; as, a <i>lineate</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin`e*a"tion</hw> (-&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>lineatio</i> the drawing of a line, fr. <i>lineare</i>.]
<def>Delineation; a line or lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"e*a*ture</hw> (l&ibreve;n"&esl;*&adot;*t&usl;r; 135),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything having outline.</def> [R.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Line"man</hw> (l&imacr;n"m&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Linemen</b></plw> (-m&ebreve;n).
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who carries the line in surveying,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man employed to examine the rails of a
railroad to see if they are in good condition; also, a man employed
to repair telegraph lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"en</hw> (l&ibreve;n"&ebreve;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.,
fr. <i>lin</i> linen. See <u>Linen</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made of linen; as, <i>linen</i> cloth; a
<i>linen</i> stocking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling linen cloth; white;
pale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"en</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prop. an adj. from OE.
<i>lin</i> flax, AS. <i>l&imacr;n</i> flax, whence <i>l&imacr;nen</i>
made of flax; akin to OS., Icel., &amp; MHG. <i>l&imacr;n</i> flax and
linen, G. <i>lein</i>, <i>leinen</i>, linen, Sw. <i>lin</i> flax,
Goth. <i>lein</i> linen, L. <i>linum</i> flax, linen, Gr.
<grk>li`non</grk>.  Cf. <u>Line</u>, <u>Linseed</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thread or cloth made of flax or (rarely) of
hemp; -- used in a general sense to include cambric, shirting,
sheeting, towels, tablecloths, etc.</def> "In <i>linen</i> white as
milk."  <i>Robert of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Underclothing, esp. the shirt, as being,
in former times, chiefly made of linen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Linen draper</b></col>, <cd>a dealer in linen.</cd> --
<col><b>Linen prover</b></col>, <cd>a small microscope for counting
the threads in a given space in linen fabrics.</cd> -- <col><b>Linen
scroll</b></col>, <col><b>Linen pattern</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>an ornament for filling panels, copied from the folds of a piece
of stuff symmetrically disposed.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Lin"en*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dealer in linen; a linen draper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lin"e*o*late</hw> (l&ibreve;n"&esl;*&osl;*l&asl;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lineola</i>, dim. of <i>linea</i> line.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Marked with little
lines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Marked longitudinally with
fine lines.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin"er</hw> (l&imacr;n"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who lines, as, a <i>liner</i> of
shoes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel belonging to a regular line of
packets; also, a line-of-battle ship; a ship of the line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A thin piece placed between
two parts to hold or adjust them, fill a space, etc.; a
shim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>A lining within the
cylinder, in which the piston works and between which and the outer
shell of the cylinder a space is left to form a steam
jacket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A slab on which small pieces of marble,
tile, etc., are fastened for grinding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>A ball which, when
struck, flies through the air in a nearly straight line not far from
the ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ling</hw> (-l&ibreve;ng). [AS. <i>-ling</i>.] <def>A noun
suffix, commonly having a <i>diminutive</i> or a <i>depreciatory</i>
force; as in duck<i>ling</i>, gos<i>ling</i>, hire<i>ling</i>,
foster<i>ling</i>, first<i>ling</i>, under<i>ling</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ling</hw>. <def>An adverbial suffix; as, dark<i>ling</i>,
flat<i>ling</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ling</hw> (l&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>lenge</i>; akin to D. <i>leng</i>, G. <i>l&auml;nge</i>, Dan.
<i>lange</i>, Sw. <i>l&aring;nga</i>, Icel. <i>langa</i>. So named
from its being <i>long</i>. See <u>Long</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large, marine, gadoid
fish (<i>Molva vulgaris</i>) of Northern Europe and Greenland. It is
valued as a food fish and is largely salted and dried. Called also
<i>drizzle</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The burbot of Lake
Ontario.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An American hake of the genus
<i>Phycis</i>.</def> [Canada] <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A New Zealand
food fish of the genus <i>Genypterus</i>. The name is also locally
applied to other fishes, as the cultus cod, the mutton fish, and the
cobia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>lyng</i>; akin to
Dan. <i>lyng</i>, Sw. <i>ljung</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Heather
(<i>Calluna vulgaris</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ling honey</b></col>, <cd>a sort of wild honey, made from
the flowers of the heather.</cd>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Lin"ga</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"g&adot;), <hw>Lin"gam</hw>
(l&ibreve;&nsm;"g&abreve;m), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>li&ndot;ga</i>.] <def>The phallic symbol under which Siva is
principally worshiped in his character of the creative and
reproductive power.</def>  <i>Whitworth. E. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ling"-bird`</hw> (l&ibreve;ng"b&etilde;rd`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European meadow
pipit; -- called also <i>titling</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"gel</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"g&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>ligneul</i>, dim. of L. <i>linea</i> a linen thread.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shoemaker's thread.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A little tongue or thong of leather; a
lacing for belts.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin"gence</hw> (l&ibreve;n"j<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>lingere</i> to lick.] <def>A linctus.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin"ger</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"g&etilde;r), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp;  p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lingered</u> (-
g&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Lingering</u>.]
[OE. <i>lengen</i> to tarry, AS. <i>lengan</i> to prolong, put off,
fr. <i>lang</i> long. &radic;125. See <u>Long</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To delay; to loiter; to remain or wait
long; to be slow or reluctant in parting or moving; to be slow in
deciding; to be in suspense; to hesitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor cast one longing, <i>lingering</i> look
behind.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps thou <i>linger'st</i>, in deep thoughts
detained.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To loiter; lag; saunter; delay; tarry; stop;
hesitate.</p>

<p><hw>Lin"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To protract; to draw out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>lingers</i> my desires.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spend or pass in a lingering manner; --
with <i>out</i>; as, to <i>linger</i> out one's days on a sick
bed.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin"ger*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who lingers.</def>  <i>Guardian.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin"ger*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Delaying.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Drawn out in time; remaining long;
protracted; as, a <i>lingering</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To die is the fate of man; but to die with
<i>lingering</i> anguish is generally his folly.</blockquote>
<i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin"ger*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With delay;
slowly; tediously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"get</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"g&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>lingot</i>, perh. fr. L. <i>lingua</i> tongue (see
<u>Tongue</u>).  Cf. <u>Ingot</u>.] <def>An ingot.</def> [Written
also <i>lingot</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ling"ism</hw> (l&ibreve;ng"&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A mode of treating certain diseases, as obesity, by gymnastics;
-- proposed by Pehr Henrik <i>Ling</i>, a Swede. See
<u>Kinesiatrics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"gle</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"g'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Lingel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"go</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"g&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lingua</i> tongue, language. See <u>Lingual</u>.] <def>Language;
speech; dialect.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Lin*go"a wood`</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;*g&omacr;"&adot;
w&oocr;d`). <def>Amboyna wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"got</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"g&obreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A linget or ingot; also, a mold for casting metals. See
<u>Linget</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lin"gua</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"gw&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Lingu&aelig;</b></plw> (-
gw&emacr;). [L., the tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A tongue.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A median process of the
labium, at the under side of the mouth in insects, and serving as a
tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin*gua"cious</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;*gw&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>linguax</i>, <i>-acis</i>, loquacious,
fr. <i>lingua</i> tongue.] <def>Given to the use of the tongue;
loquacious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lin`gua*den"tal</hw>
(l&ibreve;&nsm;`gw&adot;*d&ebreve;n"t<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>lingua</i> tongue + E. <i>dental</i>.] <i>(Phonetics)</i>
<def>Formed or uttered by the joint use of the tongue and teeth, or
rather that part of the gum just above the front teeth; dentolingual,
as the letters <i>d</i> and <i>t</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin`gua*den"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phonetics)</i>
<def>An articulation pronounced by the aid or use of the tongue and
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"gua Fran"ca</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"gw&adot;
fr&abreve;&nsm;"k&adot;). [It., prop., language of the Franks.]
<def>The commercial language of the Levant, -- a mixture of the
languages of the people of the region and of foreign
traders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"gual</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"gw<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lingua</i> tongue: cf. F. <i>lingual</i>.
See <u>Tongue</u>, and cf. <u>Language</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
the tongue; uttered by the aid of the tongue; glossal; as, the
<i>lingual</i> nerves; a <i>lingual</i> letter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lingual ribbon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Odontophore</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lin"gual</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A consonant sound
formed by the aid of the tongue; -- a term especially applied to
certain articulations (as those of <i>t</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>th</i>, and
<i>n</i>) and to the letters denoting them.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Sanskrit grammar certain letters, as <i>&tsdot;</i>,
<i>&tsdot;h</i>, <i>&dsdot;</i>, <i>&dsdot;h</i>, <i>&nsdot;</i>, are
called linguals, cerebrals, or cacuminals. They are uttered with the
tip of the tongue turned up and drawn back into the dome of the
palate.</p>

<p><hw>Lin*gual"i*ty</hw>
(l&ibreve;&nsm;*gw&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality of being lingual.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lin`gua*tu"li*da</hw>
(l&ibreve;&nsm;`gw&adot;*t&umacr;"l&ibreve;*d&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>lingua</i> tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Linguatulina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lin*guat`u*li"na</hw>
(l&ibreve;&nsm;*gw&abreve;t`&usl;*l&imacr;"n&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>lingua</i> tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of wormlike, degraded, parasitic arachnids. They have
two pairs of retractile hooks, near the mouth. Called also
<i>Pentastomida</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The adults of some species inhabit the nostrils and nasal
sinuses of dogs and other carnivores. The young, after being
swallowed by sheep, rabbits, etc., find their way to the lungs and
liver and become encysted. These, when eaten by carnivores, develop
into the adult forms.</p>

<p><hw>Lin`gui*den"tal</hw>
(l&ibreve;&nsm;`gw&ibreve;*d&ebreve;n"t<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> <def>Linguadental.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"gui*form</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"gw&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lingua</i> tongue + <i>-form</i>:  cf. F.
<i>linguiforme</i>.] <def>Having the form of the tongue; tongue-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"guist</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"gw&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lingua</i> tongue, speech, language: cf.
F.  <i>linguiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A master of the use of
language; a talker.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll dispute with him;<BR>
He's a rare <i>linguist</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person skilled in languages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There too were Gibbon, the greatest historian, and
Jones, the greatest <i>linguist</i>, of the age.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lin*guis"tic</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;*gw&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<hw>Lin*guis"tic*al</hw> (-t&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>linguistique.</i>] <def>Of or
pertaining to language; relating to linguistics, or to the affinities
of languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin*guis"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
linguistic manner; from the point of view of a linguist.</def>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin*guis"tics</hw> (-t&ibreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>linguistique</i>.] <def>The science of languages, or of the
origin, signification, and application of words;
glossology.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lin"gu*la</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;"g&usl;*l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-l&aelig;</b></plw> (-
l&emacr;). [L., a little tongue.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A tonguelike process or part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of brachiopod shells belonging to the genus <i>Lingula</i>,
and related genera. See <u>Brachiopoda</u>, and <i>Illustration</i>
in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lingula flags</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a group of
strata in the lower Silurian or Cambrian system of Wales, in which
some of the layers contain vast numbers of a species of
Lingula.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lin"gu*late</hw> (-l&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lingulatus</i>, fr. <i>lingula</i> a little tongue.  Cf.
<u>Ligulate</u>.] <def>Shaped like the tongue or a strap;
ligulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*nig"er*ous</hw> (l&ibreve;*n&ibreve;j"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>linum</i> flax + <i>-gerous</i>.]
<def>Bearing flax; producing linen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"i*ment</hw> (l&ibreve;n"&ibreve;*m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>linimentum</i>, fr. <i>linire</i>,
<i>linere</i>, to besmear, anoint : cf. F. <i>liniment</i>.  Cf.
<u>Letter</u>, <u>Lime</u> a viscous substance.] <def>A liquid or
semiliquid preparation of a consistence thinner than an ointment,
applied to the skin by friction, esp. one used as a sedative or a
stimulant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"ing</hw> (l&imacr;n"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Line</u> to cover the inside.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of one who lines; the act or
process of making lines, or of inserting a lining.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which covers the inner surface of
anything, as of a garment or a box; also, the contents of
anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>lining</i> of his coffers shall make coats<BR>
To deck our soldiers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Link</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob.
corrupted from <i>lint</i> and this for <i>lunt</i> a torch, match,
D. <i>lont</i> match; akin to G. <i>lunte</i>, cf. MHG.
<i>l&uuml;nden</i> to burn.  Cf. <u>Lunt</u>, <u>Linstock</u>.]
<def>A torch made of tow and pitch, or the like.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Link</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>linke</i>, AS.
<i>hlence</i>; akin to Sw. <i>l&auml;nk</i> ring of a chain, Dan.
<i>l&aelig;nke</i> chain, Icel. <i>hlekkr</i>; cf. G. <i>gelenk</i>
joint, link, ring of a chain, <i>lenken</i> to bend.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A single ring or division of a
chain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Anything, whether material or not,
which binds together, or connects, separate things; a part of a
connected series; a tie; a bond.</def> "<i>Links</i> of iron."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 857 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>link</i> of brotherhood, by which<BR>
One common Maker bound me to the kind.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And so by double <i>links</i> enchained themselves in
lover's life.</blockquote> <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything doubled and closed like a link;
as, a <i>link</i> of horsehair.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Kinematics)</i> <def>Any one of the several
elementary pieces of a mechanism, as the fixed frame, or a rod,
wheel, mass of confined liquid, etc., by which relative motion of
other parts is produced and constrained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Any intermediate rod or
piece for transmitting force or motion, especially a short connecting
rod with a bearing at each end; specifically <i>(Steam Engine)</i>,
the slotted bar, or connecting piece, to the opposite ends of which
the eccentric rods are jointed, and by means of which the movement of
the valve is varied, in a <i>link motion</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Surveying)</i> <def>The length of one joint
of Gunter's chain, being the hundredth part of it, or 7.92 inches,
the chain being 66 feet in length.  Cf. <u>Chain</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bond of affinity, or a
unit of valence between atoms; -- applied to a unit of chemical force
or attraction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Sausages; -- because linked
together.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Link</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Linked</u> (l&ibreve;&nsm;kt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Linking</u>.] <def>To connect or
unite with a link or as with a link; to join; to attach; to unite; to
couple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the tribes and nations that composed it [the Roman
Empire] were <i>linked</i> together, not only by the same laws and
the same government, but by all the facilities of commodious
intercourse, and of frequent communication.</blockquote>
<i>Eustace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Link</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
connected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No one generation could <i>link</i> with the
other.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Link"age</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;k"&asl;j; 48),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of linking; the
state of being linked; also, a system of links.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Manner of linking or of
being linked; -- said of the union of atoms or radicals in the
molecule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A system of straight lines
or bars, fastened together by joints, and having certain of their
points fixed in a plane. It is used to describe straight lines and
curves in the plane.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Link"boy`</hw> (-boi`), <hw>Link"man</hw> (-m&abreve;n), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Link</u>.] <def>A boy or man that
carried a link or torch to light passengers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Link" mo"tion</hw> (m&omacr;"sh&ubreve;n). <i>(Steam
Engine)</i> <def>A valve gear, consisting of two eccentrics with
their rods, giving motion to a slide valve by an adjustable
connecting bar, called the <i>link</i>, in such a way that the motion
of the engine can be reversed, or the cut-off varied, at will; --
used very generally in locomotives and marine engines.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The illustration shows a link motion for a vertical engine,
<i>c</i> representing the shaft carrying two eccentrics, <i>a</i> and
<i>b</i>, for making the engine run forward and backward,
respectively, their rods <i>e</i> and <i>d</i> being jointed to
opposite ends of the slotted link <i>f</i>, in the opening of which
is a pin <i>g</i> which is attached to the valve rod <i>h</i>. The
valve will receive the motion of the forward eccentric when the link
is in the position shown, and the motion of the backward eccentric
when the link is shifted so far to the right as to bring <i>e</i> in
line with <i>h</i>, or a compound motion derived from both eccentrics
when the link is shifted to intermediate positions, the compound
motion causing the valve to cut off the steam at a point determined
by the position to which the link may have been shifted.</p>

<p><hw>Link"work`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fabric consisting of links made of metal or
other material fastened together; also, a chain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And thou shalt make hooks of gold, and two chains of
fine gold; <i>linkwork</i> and wreathed.</blockquote>
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mechanism in which links, or intermediate
connecting pieces, are employed to transmit motion from one part to
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lin*n&aelig;"a bo`re*a"lis</hw> (l&ibreve;n*n&emacr;"&adot;
b&omacr;`r&esl;*&amacr;"l&ibreve;s). [NL. <i>Linnaeus</i>
Linn&aelig;an + L. <i>borealis</i> northern.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
twin flower which grows in cold northern climates.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lin*n&aelig;"an</hw>, <hw>Lin*ne"an</hw>  }
(l&ibreve;n*n&emacr;"<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to <i>Linn&aelig;us</i>, the celebrated Swedish
botanist.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Linn&aelig;an system</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
system in which the classes are founded mainly upon the number of
stamens, and the orders upon the pistils; the artificial or sexual
system.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lin*n&aelig;"ite</hw> (-&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Linn&aelig;an</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of pale steel-
gray color and metallic luster, occurring in isometric crystals, and
also massive. It is a sulphide of cobalt containing some nickel or
copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Linne</hw> (l&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Flax. See
<u>Linen</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lin"net</hw> (l&ibreve;n"n&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>linot</i>, <i>linotte</i>, from L. <i>linum</i> flax; or perh.
shortened from AS. <i>l&imacr;netwige</i>, fr. AS. <i>l&imacr;n</i>
flax; -- so called because it feeds on the seeds of flax and hemp.
See <u>Linen</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of fringilline birds of the genera <i>Linota</i>,
<i>Acanthis</i>, and allied genera, esp. the common European species
(<i>L. cannabina</i>), which, in full summer plumage, is chestnut
brown above, with the breast more or less crimson. The feathers of
its head are grayish brown, tipped with crimson. Called also <i>gray
linnet</i>, <i>red linnet</i>, <i>rose linnet</i>, <i>brown
linnet</i>, <i>lintie</i>, <i>lintwhite</i>, <i>gorse thatcher</i>,
<i>linnet finch</i>, and <i>greater redpoll</i>. The American redpoll
linnet (<i>Acanthis linaria</i>) often has the crown and throat rosy.
See <u>Redpoll</u>, and <u>Twite</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Green linnet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
European green finch.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Li*no"le*ate</hw> (l&ibreve;*n&omacr;"l&esl;*&asl;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of linoleic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*no"le*ic</hw> (l&ibreve;*n&omacr;"l&esl;*&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from, linoleum,
or linseed oil; specifically <i>(Chem.)</i>, designating an organic
acid, a thin yellow oil, found combined as a salt of glycerin in oils
of linseed, poppy, hemp, and certain nuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*no"le*um</hw> (l&ibreve;*n&omacr;"l&esl;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lin</i>um flax + <i>oleum</i> oil.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Linseed oil brought to various degrees of
hardness by some oxidizing process, as by exposure to heated air, or
by treatment with chloride of sulphur. In this condition it is used
for many of the purposes to which India rubber has been
applied.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of floor cloth made by laying
hardened linseed oil mixed with ground cork on a canvas
backing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*nox"in</hw> (l&ibreve;*n&obreve;ks"&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lino</i>leic + <i>ox</i>ygen.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A resinous substance obtained as an oxidation
product of linoleic acid.</def> [Written also <i>linoxyn</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lin*sang"</hw> (l&ibreve;n*s&auml;ng"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any viverrine mammal of the genus
<i>Prionodon</i>, inhabiting the East Indies and Southern Asia. The
common East Indian linsang (<i>P. gracilis</i>) is white, crossed by
broad, black bands. The Guinea linsang (<i>Porana Richardsonii</i>)
is brown with black spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"seed`</hw> (l&ibreve;n"s&emacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>lin</i> flax + <i>seed</i>. See <u>Linen</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The seeds of flax, from which linseed oil is obtained.</def>
[Written also <i>lintseed</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Linseed cake</b></col>, <cd>the solid mass or cake which
remains when oil is expressed from flaxseed.</cd> -- <col><b>Linseed
meal</b></col>, <cd>linseed cake reduced to powder.</cd> --
<col><b>Linseed oil</b></col>, <cd>oil obtained by pressure from
flaxseed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lin"sey</hw> (l&ibreve;n"s&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Linen</u>.] <def>Linsey-woolsey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"sey-wool"sey</hw> (-w&oocr;l"s&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cloth made of linen and
wool, mixed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Jargon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin"sey-wool"sey</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of linen
and wool; hence, of different and unsuitable parts; mean.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin"stock</hw> (l&ibreve;n"st&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Corrupt. fr. <i>luntstock</i>, D. <i>lontstok</i>; <i>lont</i> lunt
+ <i>stok</i> stock, stick. See <u>Link</u> a torch, <u>Lunt</u>, and
<u>Stock</u>.] <def>A pointed forked staff, shod with iron at the
foot, to hold a lighted match for firing cannon.</def> [Written also
<i>lintstock</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lint</hw> (l&ibreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>l&imacr;net</i> flax, hemp, fr. <i>l&imacr;n</i> flax; or, perh.
borrowed fr. L. <i>linteum</i> a linen cloth, linen, from
<i>linteus</i> linen, a., fr. <i>linum</i> flax, lint. See
<u>Linen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Linen scraped or otherwise made into a
soft, downy or fleecy substance for dressing wounds and sores; also,
fine ravelings, down, fluff, or loose short fibers from yarn or
fabrics.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lint doctor</b></col> <i>(Calico-printing Mach.)</i>,
<cd>a scraper to remove lint from a printing cylinder.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lin"tel</hw> (l&ibreve;n"t&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>lintel</i>, F. <i>linteau</i>, LL. <i>lintellus</i>, for
<i>limitellus</i>, a dim. fr. L. <i>limes</i> limit. See
<u>Limit</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A horizontal member spanning an
opening, and carrying the superincumbent weight by means of its
strength in resisting crosswise fracture.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lin"tie</hw> (l&ibreve;n"t&ibreve;), <hw>Lint"white`</hw>
(l&ibreve;nt"hw&imacr;t`) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>l&imacr;netwige</i>. See <u>Linnet</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Linnet</u>.</def>  <i> Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lint"seed`</hw> (l&ibreve;nt"s&emacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Linseed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Li"num</hw> (l&imacr;"n&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
flax.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of herbaceous plants including the
flax (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"on</hw> (l&imacr;"&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>lion</i>, L. <i>leo</i>, <i>-onis</i>, akin to Gr.
<grk>le`wn</grk>.  Cf. <u>Chameleon</u>, <u>Dandelion</u>,
<u>Leopard</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large
carnivorous feline mammal (<i>Felis leo</i>), found in Southern Asia
and in most parts of Africa, distinct varieties occurring in the
different countries. The adult male, in most varieties, has a thick
mane of long shaggy hair that adds to his apparent size, which is
less than that of the largest tigers. The length, however, is
sometimes eleven feet to the base of the tail. The color is a tawny
yellow or yellowish brown; the mane is darker, and the terminal tuft
of the tail is black. In one variety, called the <i>maneless
lion</i>, the male has only a slight mane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A sign and a
constellation; Leo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An object of interest and curiosity,
especially a person who is so regarded; as, he was quite a
<i>lion</i> in London at that time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such society was far more enjoyable than that of
Edinburgh, for here he was not a <i>lion</i>, but a man.</blockquote>
<i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>American lion</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the puma
or cougar.</cd> -- <col><b>Lion ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the ant-lion.</cd> -- <col><b>Lion dog</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fancy dog with a flowing mane, usually
clipped to resemble a lion's mane.</cd> -- <col><b>Lion
lizard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the basilisk.</cd> --
<col><b>Lion's share</b></col>, <cd>all, or nearly all; the best or
largest part; -- from &AElig;sop's fable of the lion hunting in
company with certain smaller beasts, and appropriating to himself all
the prey.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Li"onced</hw> (l&imacr;"&ubreve;nst), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Adorned with lions' heads; having arms terminating
in lions' heads; -- said of a cross.</def> [Written also
<i>leonced</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Li"on*cel</hw> (l&imacr;"&ubreve;n*s&ebreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., F. <i>lionceau</i>, dim. of <i>lion</i>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A small lion, especially one of several borne in
the same coat of arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"on*el</hw> (-&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., dim. of
<i>lion</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The whelp of a lioness; a
young lion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"on*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>lionesse</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A female lion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"on*et</hw> (-&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., dim. of
<i>lion</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young or small
lion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"on-heart`</hw> (-h&auml;rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
very brave person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"on-heart`ed</hw> (-h&auml;rt`&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very brave; brave and magnanimous.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"on*hood</hw> (-h&oocr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State
of being a lion.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"on*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
attracting of attention, as a lion; also, the treating or regarding
as a lion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"on*ize</hw> (-&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp;  p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lionized</u> (-&imacr;zd),
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Lionizing</u> (-
&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To treat or regard as
a lion or object of great interest.</def>  <i> J. D. Forbes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To show the lions or objects of interest
to; to conduct about among objects of interest.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"on*like`</hw> (-l&imacr;k`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like
a lion; brave as a lion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"on*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a lion;
fierce.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"on's ear`</hw> (l&imacr;"&ubreve;nz &emacr;r`).
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given in Western South America to certain
plants with shaggy tomentose leaves, as species of <i>Culcitium</i>,
and <i>Espeletia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"on's foot`</hw> (f&oocr;t`). <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def> A composite plant of the genus
<i>Prenanthes</i>, of which several species are found in the United
States.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The edelweiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"on*ship</hw> (l&imacr;"&ubreve;n*sh&ibreve;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being a lion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"on's leaf`</hw> (l&imacr;"&ubreve;nz l&emacr;f`).
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A South European plant of the genus
<i>Leontice</i> (<i>L. leontopetalum</i>), the tuberous roots of
which contain so much alkali that they are sometimes used as a
substitute for soap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"on's tail`</hw> (t&amacr;l`). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
labiate plants (<i>Leonurus</i>); -- so called from a fancied
resemblance of its flower spikes to the tuft of a lion's tail. <i>L.
Cardiaca</i> is the common <i>motherwort</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"on's tooth`</hw> (t&oomac;th`); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Lions'
teeth</b></plw> (t&emacr;th`). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Leontodon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lip</hw> (l&ibreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lippe</i>,
AS. <i>lippa</i>; akin to D. <i>lip</i>, G. <i>lippe</i>,
<i>lefze</i>, OHG. <i>lefs</i>, Dan. <i>l&aelig;be</i>, Sw.
<i>l&auml;pp</i>, L. <i>labium</i>, <i>labrum</i>.  Cf.
<u>Labial</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the two fleshy folds
which surround the orifice of the mouth in man and many other
animals. In man the lips are organs of speech essential to certain
articulations. Hence, by a figure they denote the mouth, or all the
organs of speech, and sometimes speech itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thine own <i>lips</i> testify against
thee.</blockquote> <i>Job xv. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An edge of an opening; a thin projecting
part of anything; a kind of short open spout; as, the <i>lip</i> of a
vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The sharp cutting edge on the end of an
auger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
the two opposite divisions of a labiate corolla.</def> (b) <def>The
odd and peculiar petal in the <i>Orchis</i> family. See
<u>Orchidaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the edges of
the aperture of a univalve shell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lip bit</b></col>, <cd>a pod auger. See <u>Auger</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Lip comfort</b></col>, <cd>comfort that is given with
words only.</cd> -- <col><b>Lip comforter</b></col>, <cd>one who
comforts with words only.</cd> -- <col><b>Lip labor</b></col>,
<cd>unfelt or insincere speech; hypocrisy.</cd> <i>Bale.</i> --
<col><b>Lip reading</b></col>, <cd>the catching of the words or
meaning of one speaking by watching the motion of his lips without
hearing his voice.</cd> <i>Carpenter.</i> -- <col><b>Lip
salve</b></col>, <cd>a salve for sore lips.</cd> -- <col><b>Lip
service</b></col>, <cd>expression by the lips of obedience and
devotion without the performance of acts suitable to such
sentiments.</cd> -- <col><b>Lip wisdom</b></col>, <cd>wise talk
without practice, or unsupported by experience.</cd> -- <col><b>Lip
work</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Talk</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Kissing</cd>. [Humorous] <i>B. Jonson.</i> --
<col><b>To make a lip</b></col>, <cd>to drop the under lip in
sullenness or contempt.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To shoot out the
lip</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>to show contempt by protruding
the lip.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp;  p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lipped</u> (l&ibreve;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lipping</u> (-p&ibreve;ng).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To touch with the lips; to put the lips to; hence, to
kiss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bubble on the wine which breaks<BR>
Before you <i>lip</i> the glass.</blockquote> <i>Praed.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A hand that kings<BR>
Have <i>lipped</i> and trembled kissing.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter; to speak.</def> [R.]
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clip; to trim.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Li*p&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (l&ibreve;*p&emacr;"m&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>li`pos</grk> fat +
<grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition in which fat
occurs in the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*pans"</hw> (l&esl;*p&auml;nz"), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
sing. <singw><b>Lipan</b></singw> (-p&auml;n"). <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>A tribe of North American Indians, inhabiting the northern part
of Mexico. They belong to the Tinneh stock, and are closely related
to the Apaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*pa"ri*an</hw> (l&ibreve;*p&amacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of a family
(<i>Liparid&aelig;</i>) of destructive bombycid moths, as the tussock
moths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lip"a*rite</hw> (l&ibreve;p"&adot;*r&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from <i>Lipari</i>, the island.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A quartzose trachyte; rhyolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lip"ic</hw> (l&ibreve;p"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>li`pos</grk> fat.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived
from, fat. The word was formerly used specifically to designate a
supposed acid obtained by the oxidation of oleic acid, tallow, wax,
etc.</def></p>

<p><! p. 858 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><hw>Li*pin"ic</hw> (l&ibreve;*p&ibreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Lipic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lip"less</hw> (l&ibreve;p"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having no lips.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lip"let</hw> (-l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
lip.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lip`o*ceph"a*la</hw>
(l&ibreve;p`&osl;*s&ebreve;f"&adot;*l&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>lei`pesqai</grk> to be lacking +
<grk>kefalh`</grk> head.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Lamellibranchia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lip"o*chrin</hw> (l&ibreve;p"&osl;*kr&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>li`pos</grk> fat + <grk>chro`a</grk>
color.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow coloring matter,
soluble in ether, contained in the small round fat drops in the
retinal epithelium cells. It is best obtained from the eyes of
frogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lip"o*gram</hw> (l&ibreve;p"&osl;*gr&abreve;m; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>lei`pein</grk>, <grk>lipei^n</grk>, to
leave, omit + <i>-gram</i>.] <def>A writing composed of words not
having a certain letter or letters; -- as in the Odyssey of
Tryphiodorus there was no A in the first book, no B in the second,
and so on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lip`o*gram*mat"ic</hw> (-m&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>lipogra`mmatos</grk>: cf. F.
<i>lipogrammatique</i>.] <def>Omitting a letter; composed of words
not having a certain letter or letters; as, <i>lipogrammatic</i>
writings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lip`o*gram"ma*tist</hw> (-gr&abreve;m"m&adot;*t&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>lipogrammatiste</i>.] <def>One who
makes a lipogram.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Li*po"ma</hw> (l&ibreve;*p&omacr;"m&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. <grk>li`pos</grk> fat + <i>-
oma</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor consisting of fat or adipose
tissue.</def> -- <wf>Li*pom"a*tous</wf> (-
p&obreve;m"&adot;*t&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Li`po*thym"ic</hw> (l&imacr;`p&osl;*th&ibreve;m"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>leipoqymiko`s</grk>,
<grk>lipoqymiko`s</grk>.] <def>Tending to swoon; fainting.</def>
[Written also <i>leipothymic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Li*poth"y*mous</hw> (l&isl;*p&obreve;th"&ibreve;*m&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>lei`pein</grk> to leave, to lack +
<grk>qymo`s</grk> soul, life.] <def>Pertaining, or given, to
swooning; fainting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*poth"y*my</hw> (-m&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>lipoqymi`a</grk>: cf. F. <i>lipothymie</i>.] <def>A fainting; a
swoon.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lipped</hw> (l&ibreve;pt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a lip or lips; having a raised or
rounded edge resembling the lip; -- often used in composition; as,
thick<i>-lipped</i>, thin<i>-lipped</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Labiate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lip"pi*tude</hw> (l&ibreve;p"p&ibreve;*t&umacr;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lippitudo</i>, fr. <i>lippus</i> blear-
eyed: cf. F. <i>lippitude</i>.] <def>Soreness of eyes; the state of
being blear-eyed; blearedness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lipse</hw> (l&ibreve;ps), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
lisp.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lip"yl</hw> (l&ibreve;p"&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>li`pos</grk> fat + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
hypothetical radical of glycerin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Berzelius.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liq"ua*ble</hw> (l&ibreve;k"w&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>liquabilis</i>. See <u>Liquate</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>Capable of being melted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"quate</hw> (l&imacr;"kw&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[L. <i>liquatus</i>, p. p. of <i>liquare</i> to melt.] <def>To melt;
to become liquid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"quate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To
separate by fusion, as a more fusible from a less fusible
material.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*qua"tion</hw> (l&isl;*kw&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>liquatio</i>: cf. F. <i>liquation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or operation of making or becoming
liquid; also, the capacity of becoming liquid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The process of separating,
by heat, an easily fusible metal from one less fusible;
eliquation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liq`ue*fa"cient</hw>
(l&ibreve;k`w&esl;*f&amacr;"sh<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>liquefaciens</i>, p. pr. of <i>liquefacere</i>. See
<u>Liquefy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which serves to
liquefy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An agent, as mercury,
iodine, etc., which promotes the liquefying processes of the system,
and increases the secretions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liq`ue*fac"tion</hw> (-f&abreve;k"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>liquefactio</i>: cf. F.
<i>liqu&eacute;faction</i>. See <u>Liquefy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or operation of making or becoming liquid; especially,
the conversion of a solid into a liquid by the sole agency of
heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being liquid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem. Physics)</i> <def>The act, process,
or method, of reducing a gas or vapor to a liquid by means of cold or
pressure; as, the <i>liquefaction</i> of oxygen or
hydrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liq"ue*fi`a*ble</hw> (l&ibreve;k"w&esl;*f&imacr;`&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>liqu&eacute;fiable</i>. See
<u>Liquefy</u>.] <def>Capable of being changed from a solid to a
liquid state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liq"ue*fi`er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which liquefies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liq"ue*fy</hw> (-f&imacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Liquefied</u> (-f&imacr;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Liquefying</u> (-
f&imacr;`&ibreve;ng).] [F. <i>liqu&eacute;fier</i>, L. <i>liquere</i>
to be liquid + <i>facere</i>, <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.), to make. See
<u>Liquid</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <def>To convert from a solid form to
that of a liquid; to melt; to dissolve; and technically, to melt by
the sole agency of heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liq"ue*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*ques"cen*cy</hw> (l&isl;*kw&ebreve;s"s<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Liquescent</u>.] <def>The quality or
state of being liquescent.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*ques"cent</hw> (-s<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>liquescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>liquescere</i> to become liquid,
incho. fr. <i>liquere</i> to be liquid.] <def>Tending to become
liquid; inclined to melt; melting.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Li`queur"</hw> (l&esl;`k&etilde;r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. See <u>Liquor</u>.] <def>An aromatic alcoholic cordial.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some <i>liqueurs</i> are prepared by infusing certain
woods, fruits, or flowers, in either water or alcohol, and adding
sugar, etc. Others are distilled from aromatic or flavoring
agents.</p>

<p><hw>Liq"uid</hw> (l&ibreve;k"w&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>liquidus</i>, fr. <i>liquere</i> to be fluid or liquid; cf. Skr.
<i>r&imacr;</i> to ooze, drop, <i>l&imacr;</i> to melt.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flowing freely like water; fluid; not
solid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yea, though he go upon the plane and <i>liquid</i>
water which will receive no step.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Being in such a state
that the component parts move freely among themselves, but do not
tend to separate from each other as the particles of gases and vapors
do; neither solid nor a&euml;riform; as, <i>liquid</i> mercury, in
distinction from mercury solidified or in a state of vapor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Flowing or sounding smoothly or without
abrupt transitions or harsh tones.</def> "<i>Liquid</i> melody."
<i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pronounced without any jar or harshness;
smooth; as, <i>l</i> and <i>r</i> are <i>liquid</i>
letters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fluid and transparent; as, the
<i>liquid</i> air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Clear; definite in terms or
amount.</def>[Obs.] "Though the debt should be entirely
<i>liquid</i>."  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Liquid glass</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Soluble glass</i>,
under <u>Glass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Liq"uid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
substance whose parts change their relative position on the slightest
pressure, and therefore retain no definite form; any substance in the
state of liquidity; a fluid that is not a&euml;riform.</def>
</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Liquid</i> and <i>fluid</i> are terms often used
synonymously, but <i>fluid</i> has the broader signification. All
liquids are fluids, but many fluids, as air and the gases, are not
liquids.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A letter which has a
smooth, flowing sound, or which flows smoothly after a mute; as,
<i>l</i> and <i>r</i>, in <i>bla</i>, <i>bra</i>. <i>M</i> and
<i>n</i> also are called <i>liquids</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Liquid measure</b></col>, <cd>a measure, or system of
measuring, for liquids, by the gallon, quart, pint, gill,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Liq"uid*am`bar</hw>
(l&ibreve;k"w&ibreve;d*&abreve;m`b&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Liquid</i> + <i>amber</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus consisting of two species of tall trees having star-
shaped leaves, and woody burlike fruit. <i>Liquidambar
styraciflua</i> is the North American <i>sweet qum</i>, and <i>L.
Orientalis</i> is found in Asia Minor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The balsamic juice which is obtained from
these trees by incision. The liquid balsam of the Oriental tree is
<i>liquid storax</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liq"uid*am`ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Liquidambar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liq"ui*date</hw> (l&ibreve;k"w&ibreve;*d&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Liquidated</u> (-
d&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Liquidating</u>.] [LL. <i>liquidatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>liquidare</i> to liquidate, fr. L. <i>liquidus</i> liquid, clear.
See <u>Liquid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To determine
by agreement or by litigation the precise amount of (indebtedness);
or, where there is an indebtedness to more than one person, to
determine the precise amount of (each indebtedness); to make the
amount of (an indebtedness) clear and certain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A debt or demand is <i>liquidated</i> whenever the
amount due is agreed on by the parties, or fixed by the operation of
law.</blockquote> <i>15 Ga. Rep. 321.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If our epistolary accounts were fairly
<i>liquidated</i>, I believe you would be brought in considerable
debtor.</blockquote> <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In an extended sense: To ascertain the
amount, or the several amounts, of , and apply assets toward the
discharge of (an indebtedness).</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To discharge; to pay off, as an
indebtedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Friburg was ceded to Zurich by Sigismund to
<i>liquidate</i> a debt of a thousand florins.</blockquote> <i>W.
Coxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make clear and intelligible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time only can <i>liquidate</i> the meaning of all
parts of a compound system.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make liquid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Liquidated damages</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>damages the
amount of which is fixed or ascertained.</cd>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liq`ui*da"tion</hw>
(l&ibreve;k`w&ibreve;*d&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>liquidation</i>.] <def>The act or process of liquidating;
the state of being liquidated.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To go into liquidation</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to turn
over to a trustee one's assets and accounts, in order that the
several amounts of one's indebtedness may be authoritatively
ascertained, and that the assets may be applied toward their
discharge.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Liq"ui*da`tor</hw> (l&ibreve;k"w&ibreve;*d&amacr;`t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>liquidateur</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which,
liquidates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An officer appointed to conduct the
winding up of a company, to bring and defend actions and suits in its
name, and to do all necessary acts on behalf of the company.</def>
[Eng.]  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*quid"i*ty</hw> (l&ibreve;*kw&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>liquiditas</i>, fr. <i>liquidus</i>
liquid: cf. F.  <i>liquidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality
of being liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liq"uid*ize</hw> (l&ibreve;k"w&ibreve;d*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Liquidized</u> (-
&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Liquidizing</u> (-
&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] <def>To render liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liq"uid*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a liquid
manner; flowingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liq"uid*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being liquid; liquidity; fluency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liq"uor</hw> (l&ibreve;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>licour</i>, <i>licur</i>, OF. <i>licur</i>, F. <i>liqueur</i>, fr.
L. <i>liquor</i>, fr. <i>liquere</i> to be liquid. See <u>Liquid</u>,
and cf. <u>Liqueur</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any liquid
substance, as water, milk, blood, sap, juice, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, alcoholic or spirituous
fluid, either distilled or fermented, as brandy, wine, whisky, beer,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A solution of a medicinal
substance in water; -- distinguished from <i>tincture</i> and
<i>aqua</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The U. S. Pharmacop&oelig;ia includes, in this class of
preparations, all <i>aqueous</i> solutions without sugar, in which
the substance acted on is wholly soluble in water, excluding those in
which the dissolved matter is gaseous or very volatile, as in the
aqu&aelig; or waters.  <i>U. S. Disp.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Labarraque's liquor</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
solution of an alkaline hypochlorite, as sodium hypochlorite, used in
bleaching and as a disinfectant.</cd> -- <col><b>Liquor of
flints</b></col>, or <col><b>Liquor silicum</b></col> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i>, <cd>soluble glass; -- so called because formerly made
from powdered flints. See <i>Soluble glass</i>, under
<u>Glass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Liquor of Libavius</b></col>. <i>(Old
Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Fuming liquor of Libavius</i>, under
<u>Fuming</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Liquor sanguinis</b></col>
(s&abreve;n"gw&ibreve;n*&ibreve;s) <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the blood
plasma.</cd> -- <col><b>Liquor thief</b></col>, <cd>a tube for taking
samples of liquor from a cask through the bung hole.</cd> --
<col><b>To be in liquor</b></col>, <cd>to be intoxicated.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Liq"uor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Liquored</u> (-&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Liquoring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To supply
with liquor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grease.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Liquor</i> fishermen's boots.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liq"uor*ice</hw> (l&ibreve;k"&etilde;r*&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Licorice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liq"uor*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lickerish</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liq"uor*ous</hw> (-&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Eagerly desirous. See <u>Lickerish</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Li"ra</hw> (l&emacr;"r&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Lire</b></plw> (-r&asl;). [It., fr. L.
<i>libra</i> the Roman pound.  Cf. <u>Livre</u>.] <def>An Italian
coin equivalent in value to the French franc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Li*rel"la</hw> (l&isl;*r&ebreve;l"l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of L. <i>lira</i> a furrow.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A linear apothecium furrowed along the middle; the
fruit of certain lichens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*rel"li*form</hw> (-l&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lirella</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Like a lirella.</def> [Written also
<i>lirell&aelig;form</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Lir`i*o*den"dron</hw>
(l&ibreve;r`&ibreve;*&osl;*d&ebreve;n"dr&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Liriodendra</b></plw> (-
dr&adot;). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>lei`rion</grk> lily +
<grk>de`ndron</grk> tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of large and
very beautiful trees of North America, having smooth, shining leaves,
and handsome, tuliplike flowers; tulip tree; whitewood; -- called
also <i>canoewood</i>. <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i> is the only
extant species, but there were several others in the Cretaceous
epoch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lir"i*pipe</hw> (l&ibreve;r"&ibreve;*p&imacr;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See <u>Liripoop</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lir"i*poop</hw> (l&ibreve;r"&ibreve;*p&oomac;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>liripipion</i>, <i>liripion</i>, LL.
<i>liripipium</i>. Said to be corrupted from L. <i>cleri
ephippium</i>, lit., the clergy's caparison.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pendent part of the old clerical tippet;
afterwards, a tippet; a scarf; -- worn also by doctors, learned men,
etc.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acuteness; smartness; also, a smart trick
or stratagem.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Stanihurst.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A silly person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>liripoop</i>, vel <i>lerripoop</i>, a silly,
empty creature; an old dotard.</blockquote> <i>Milles. MS. Devon
Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*roc"o*nite</hw> (l&isl;*r&obreve;k"&osl;*n&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>leiro`s</grk> pale + <grk>koni`a</grk>
powder.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrated arseniate of copper, occurring
in obtuse pyramidal crystals of a sky-blue or verdigris-green
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lis"bon</hw> (l&ibreve;z"b&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A sweet, light-colored species of wine, produced in the province
of Estremadura, and so called as being shipped from Lisbon, in
Portugal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lisle</hw> (l&imacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A city of
France celebrated for certain manufactures.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lisle glove</b></col>, <cd>a fine summer glove, made of
Lisle thread.</cd> -- <col><b>Lisle lace</b></col>, <cd>a fine
handmade lace, made at Lisle.</cd> -- <col><b>Lisle thread</b></col>,
<cd>a hard twisted cotton thread, originally produced at
Lisle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lisne</hw> (l&imacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>lissen</i>, <i>lisne</i>, a cleft in a rock.] <def>A cavity or
hollow.</def>[Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lisp</hw> (l&ibreve;sp), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lisped</u> (l&ibreve;spt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lisping</u>.] [OE. <i>lispen</i>, <i>lipsen</i>, AS.
<i>wlisp</i> stammering, lisping; akin to D. &amp; OHG. <i>lispen</i> to
lisp, G. <i>lispeln</i>, Sw. <i>l&auml;spa</i>, Dan. <i>lespe</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pronounce the sibilant letter <i>s</i>
imperfectly; to give <i>s</i> and <i>z</i> the sound of <i>th</i>; --
a defect common among children.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To speak with imperfect articulation; to
mispronounce, as a child learning to talk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As yet a child, nor yet a fool to fame,<BR>
I <i>lisped</i> in numbers, for the numbers came.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To speak hesitatingly with a low voice, as
if afraid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest when my <i>lisping</i>, guilty tongue should
halt.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lisp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pronounce with a lisp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter with imperfect articulation; to
express with words pronounced imperfectly or indistinctly, as a child
speaks; hence, to express by the use of simple, childlike
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To speak unto them after their own capacity, and to
<i>lisp</i> the words unto them according as the babes and children
of that age might sound them again.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To speak with reserve or concealment; to
utter timidly or confidentially; as, to <i>lisp</i>
treason.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lisp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The habit or act of
lisping. See <u>Lisp</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I overheard her answer, with a very pretty
<i>lisp</i>, "O! Strephon, you are a dangerous
creature."</blockquote>  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lisp"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
lisps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lisp"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a lisp; in
a lisping manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liss</hw> (l&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>liss</i>.] <def>Release; remission; ease; relief.</def> [Obs.] "Of
penance had a <i>lisse</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liss</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lissan</i>.]
<def>To free, as from care or pain; to relieve.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Lissed</i> of his care."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lis`sen*ceph"a*la</hw>
(l&ibreve;s`s&ebreve;n*s&ebreve;f"&adot;*l&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>lisso`s</grk> smooth +
<grk>'egke`falos</grk> the brain.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A general
name for all those placental mammals that have a brain with few or no
cerebral convolutions, as Rodentia, Insectivora, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lis"som</hw>, <hw>Lis"some</hw>  } (l&ibreve;s"s&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>lithesome</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Limber; supple; flexible; lithe; lithesome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Straight, but as <i>lissome</i> as a hazel
wand.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Light; nimble; active.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Lis"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>List</hw> (l&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lice</i>,
LL. <i>liciae</i>, pl., from L. <i>licium</i> thread, girdle.] <def>A
line inclosing or forming the extremity of a piece of ground, or
field of combat; hence, in the plural (<i>lists</i>), the ground or
field inclosed for a race or combat.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In measured <i>lists</i> to toss the weighty
lance.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To enter the lists</b></col>, <cd>to accept a challenge,
or engage in contest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>List</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose for combat;
as, to <i>list</i> a field.</def></p>

<p><hw>List</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Listen</u>.]
<def>To hearken; to attend; to listen.</def> [Obs. except in
poetry.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Stand close, and <i>list</i> to him.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>List</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To listen or hearken
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then weigh what loss your honor may sustain,<BR>
If with too credent ear you <i>list</i> his songs.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>List</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>listen</i>,
<i>lusten</i>, AS. <i>lystan</i>, from <i>lust</i> pleasure. See
<u>Lust</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To desire or choose; to
please.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wind bloweth where it <i>listeth</i>.</blockquote>
<i>John iii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Them that add to the Word of God what them
<i>listeth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let other men think of your devices as they
<i>list</i>.</blockquote> <i>Whitgift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To lean; to incline; as,
the ship <i>lists</i> to port.</def></p>

<p><hw>List</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inclination; desire.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An inclination to one side;
as, the ship has a <i>list</i> to starboard.</def></p>

<p><hw>List</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>l&imacr;st</i> a list
of cloth; akin to D. <i>lijst</i>, G. <i>leiste</i>, OHG.
<i>l&imacr;sta</i>, Icel. <i>lista</i>, <i>listi</i>, Sw.
<i>list</i>, Dan. <i>liste</i>. In sense 5 from F. <i>liste</i>, of
German origin, and thus ultimately the same word.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A strip forming the woven border or selvedge of cloth,
particularly of broadcloth, and serving to strengthen it; hence, a
strip of cloth; a fillet.</def> "Gartered with a red and blue
<i>list</i>. " <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 859 pr=VMG !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A limit or boundary; a border.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The very <i>list</i>, the very utmost bound,<BR>
Of all our fortunes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The lobe of the ear; the ear itself.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A stripe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A roll or catalogue, that is, a row or
line; a record of names; as, a <i>list</i> of names, books, articles;
a <i>list</i> of ratable estate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was the ablest emperor of all the
<i>list</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A little square molding; a
fillet; -- called also <i>listel</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A narrow strip of wood,
esp. sapwood, cut from the edge of a plank or board.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Rope Making)</i> <def>A piece of woolen
cloth with which the yarns are grasped by a workman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Tin-plate Manuf.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The first thin coat of tin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
wirelike rim of tin left on an edge of the plate after it is
coated.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Civil list</b></col> (Great Britain &amp; U.S.), <cd>the civil
officers of government, as judges, ambassadors, secretaries, etc.
Hence, the revenues or appropriations of public money for the support
of the civil officers. More recently, the <i>civil list</i>, in
England, embraces only the expenses of the reigning monarch's
household.</cd> -- <col><b>Free list</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A list of articles admitted to a country free of duty.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A list of persons admitted to any
entertainment, as a theater or opera, without payment, or to whom a
periodical, or the like, is furnished without cost.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Roll; catalogue; register; inventory; schedule.  --
<u>List</u>, <u>Roll</u>, <u>Catalogue</u>, <u>Register</u>,
<u>Inventory</u>, <u>Schedule</u>. A <i>list</i> is properly a simple
series of names, etc., in a brief form, such as might naturally be
entered in a narrow strip of paper. A <i>roll</i> was originally a
list containing the names of persons belonging to a public body (as
Parliament, etc.), which was <i>rolled</i> up and laid aside among
its archives. A <i>catalogue</i> is a list of persons or things
arranged in order, and usually containing some description of the
same, more or less extended. A <i>register</i> is designed for record
or preservation. An <i>inventory</i> is a list of articles, found on
hand in a store of goods, or in the estate of a deceased person, or
under similar circumstances. A <i>schedule</i> is a formal list or
inventory prepared for legal or business purposes.</p>

<p><hw>List</hw> (l&ibreve;st), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Listed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Listing</u>.] [From <i>list</i> a roll.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To sew together, as strips of cloth, so as to make a show of
colors, or form a border.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with list, or with strips of
cloth; to put list on; as, to <i>list</i> a door; to stripe as if
with list.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tree that stood white-<i>listed</i> through the
gloom.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To enroll; to place or register in a
list.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Listed</i> among the upper serving
men.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To engage, as a soldier; to
enlist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>list</i> you for my soldier.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>To cut away a narrow strip,
as of sapwood, from the edge of; as, to <i>list</i> a
board.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To list a stock</b></col> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i>, <cd>to
put it in the list of stocks called at the meeting of the
board.</cd></p>

<p><hw>List</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To engage in public
service by enrolling one's name; to enlist.</def></p>

<p><hw>List"el</hw> (l&ibreve;s"t&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>listel</i>, dim. of <i>liste</i> fillet, list. See <u>List</u> the
edge.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <u>List</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
6.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lis"ten</hw> (l&ibreve;s"'n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Listened</u> (-'nd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Listening</u>.] [OE. <i>listnen</i>,
<i>listen</i>, <i>lustnen</i>, <i>lusten</i>, AS. <i>hlystan</i>;
akin to <i>hlyst</i> hearing, OS. <i>hlust</i>, Icel. <i>hlusta</i>
to listen, <i>hlust</i> ear, AS. <i>hlosnian</i> to wait in suspense,
OHG. <i>hlos&emacr;n</i> to listen, Gr. <grk>kly`ein</grk>, and E.
<i>loud</i>. &radic;41. See <u>Loud</u>, and cf. <u>List</u> to
listen.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give close attention with the
purpose of hearing; to give ear; to hearken; to attend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When we have occasion to <i>listen</i>, and give a
more particular attention to some sound, the tympanum is drawn to a
more than ordinary tension.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give heed; to yield to advice; to
follow admonition; to obey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Listen</i> to me, and by me be ruled.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To listen after</b></col>, <cd>to take an interest
in.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Soldiers note forts, armories, and magazines; scholars
<i>listen after</i> libraries, disputations, and
professors.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To attend; hearken. See <u>Attend</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lis"ten</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To attend to.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lis"ten*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who listens; a hearkener.</def></p>

<p><hw>List"er</hw> (l&ibreve;st"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who makes a list or roll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lis"ter</hw> (l&ibreve;s"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Leister</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lis*te"ri*an</hw> (l&ibreve;s*t&emacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
listerism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lis"ter*ism</hw> (l&ibreve;s"t&etilde;r*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The systematic use of
antiseptics in the performance of operations and the treatment of
wounds; -- so called from Joseph <i>Lister</i>, an English
surgeon.</def></p>

<p><hw>List"ful</hw> (l&ibreve;st"f&usd;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Attentive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>List"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of one who lists (in any sense of the verb);
as, the <i>listing</i> of a door; the <i>listing</i> of a stock at
the Stock Exchange.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The selvedge of cloth; list.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>The sapwood cut from the
edge of a board.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>The throwing up of the
soil into ridges, -- a method adopted in the culture of beets and
some garden crops.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>List"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>listles</i>,
<i>lustles</i>. See <u>Lust</u>.] <def>Having no desire or
inclination; indifferent; heedless; spiritless.</def> " A
<i>listless</i> unconcern."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Benumbed with cold, and <i>listless</i> of their
gain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>listless</i>, and desponding.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Heedless; careless; indifferent; vacant;
uninterested; languid; spiritless; supine; indolent.</p>

<p>-- <wf>List"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>List"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lit</hw> (l&ibreve;t), <def>a form of the <pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Light</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"a*ny</hw> (l&ibreve;t"&adot;*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Litanies</b></plw> (-
n&ibreve;z). [OE. <i>letanie</i>, OF. <i>letanie</i>, F.
<i>litanie</i>, L. <i>litania</i>, Gr. <grk>litanei`a</grk>, fr.
<grk>litaney`ein</grk> to pray, akin to <grk>li`tesqai</grk>,
<grk>li`ssesqai</grk>, to pray, <grk>lith`</grk> prayer.] <def>A
solemn form of supplication in the public worship of various
churches, in which the clergy and congregation join, the former
leading and the latter responding in alternate sentences. It is
usually of a penitential character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Supplications . . . for the appeasing of God's wrath
were of the Greek church termed <i>litanies</i>, and rogations of the
Latin.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"arge</hw> (l&ibreve;t"&adot;rj), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Litharge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li"tchi`</hw> (l&emacr;"ch&emacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of a tree native to China (<i>Nephelium
Litchi</i>). It is nutlike, having a rough but tender shell,
containing an aromatic pulp, and a single large seed. In the dried
fruit which is exported the pulp somewhat resembles a raisin in color
and form.</def> [Written also <i>lichi</i>, and <i>lychee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>-lite</hw> (-l&imacr;t). <def>See <u>-lith</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lite</hw> (l&imacr;t), <pos><i>a., adv., &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Little.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Li"ter</hw>, <hw>Li"tre</hw>  } (l&emacr;"t&etilde;r; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>litre</i>, Gr. <grk>li`tra</grk> a silver
coin.] <def>A measure of capacity in the metric system, being a cubic
decimeter, equal to 61.022 cubic inches, or 2.113 American pints, or
1.76 English pints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*a*cy</hw> (l&ibreve;t"&etilde;r*&adot;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being literate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>lit&eacute;ral</i>, <i>litt&eacute;ral</i>, L. <i>litteralis</i>,
<i>literalis</i>, fr. <i>littera</i>, <i>litera</i>, a letter. See
<u>Letter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>According to the letter or
verbal expression; real; not figurative or metaphorical; as, the
<i>literal</i> meaning of a phrase.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It hath but one simple <i>literal</i> sense whose
light the owls can not abide.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Following the letter or exact words; not
free.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A middle course between the rigor of <i>literal</i>
translations and the liberty of paraphrasts.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or expressed by,
letters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>literal</i> notation of numbers was known to
Europeans before the ciphers.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Giving a strict or literal construction;
unimaginative; matter-of-fact; -- applied to persons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Literal contract</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a contract of
which the whole evidence is given in writing.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> --
<col><b>Literal equation</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>an equation in
which known quantities are expressed either wholly or in part by
means of letters; -- distinguished from a <i>numerical
equation</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Literal
meaning.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*al*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which accords with the letter; a mode of
interpreting literally; adherence to the letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The tendency or
disposition to represent objects faithfully, without abstraction,
conventionalities, or idealization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who adheres
to the letter or exact word; an interpreter according to the
letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit`er*al"i*ty</hw> (-&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>litt&eacute;ralit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The state or quality of being literal.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit`er*al*i*za"tion</hw>
(l&ibreve;t`&etilde;r*<i>a</i>l*&ibreve;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of literalizing; reduction to a
literal meaning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*al*ize</hw> (l&ibreve;t"&etilde;r*<i>a</i>l*&imacr;z),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Literalized</u> (-&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Literalizing</u> (-&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] <def>To make literal; to
interpret or put in practice according to the strict meaning of the
words; -- opposed to <i>spiritualize</i>; as, to <i>literalize</i>
Scripture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*al*i`zer</hw> (-&imacr;`z&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A literalist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>According to the primary and natural import of words; not
figuratively; as, a man and his wife can not be <i>literally</i> one
flesh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With close adherence to words; word by
word.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So wild and ungovernable a poet can not be translated
<i>literally</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being literal; literal import.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*a*ry</hw> (l&ibreve;t"&etilde;r*&asl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>litterarius</i>, <i>literarius</i>, fr.
<i>littera</i>, <i>litera</i>, a letter: cf. F.
<i>litt&eacute;raire</i>. See <u>Letter</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to letters or literature;
pertaining to learning or learned men; as, <i>literary</i> fame; a
<i>literary</i> history; <i>literary</i> conversation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has long outlived his century, the term commonly
fixed as the test of <i>literary</i> merit.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Versed in, or acquainted with, literature;
occupied with literature as a profession; connected with literature
or with men of letters; as, a <i>literary</i> man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>literary</i> as well as fashionable
world.</blockquote> <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Literary property</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Property which consists in written or printed compositions</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The exclusive right of publication as
recognized and limited by law.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*ate</hw> (-&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>litteratus</i>, <i>literatus</i>. See <u>Letter</u>.]
<def>Instructed in learning, science, or literature; learned;
lettered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>literate</i> now chose their emperor, as the
military chose theirs.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One educated, but not having taken a university degree;
especially, such a person who is prepared to take holy orders.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A literary man.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lit`e*ra"ti</hw> (l&ibreve;t`&esl;*r&amacr;"t&imacr;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See <u>Literatus</u>.] <def>Learned or
literary men. See <u>Literatus</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shakespearean commentators, and other
<i>literati</i>.</blockquote> <i>Craik.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lit`e*ra"tim</hw> (-t&ibreve;m), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[LL., fr. L. <i>littera</i>, <i>litera</i>, letter.] <def>Letter for
letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit`er*a"tion</hw> (l&ibreve;t`&etilde;r*&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>littera</i>, <i>litera</i>, letter.]
<def>The act or process of representing by letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*a`tor</hw> (l&ibreve;t"&etilde;r*&amacr;`t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>litterator</i>, <i>literator</i>. See
<u>Letter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who teaches the letters
or elements of knowledge; a petty schoolmaster.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person devoted to the study of literary
trifles, esp. trifles belonging to the literature of a former
age.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That class of subjects which are interesting to the
regular <i>literator</i> or black-letter " bibliomane," simply
because they have once been interesting.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A learned person; a literatus.</def>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"er*a*ture</hw> (l&ibreve;t"&etilde;r*&adot;*t&usl;r; 135),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>litt&eacute;rature</i>, L.
<i>litteratura</i>, <i>literatura</i>, learning, grammar, writing,
fr. <i>littera</i>, <i>litera</i>, letter. See <u>Letter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Learning; acquaintance with letters or
books.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of literary
productions, embracing the entire results of knowledge and fancy
preserved in writing; also, the whole body of literary productions or
writings upon a given subject, or in reference to a particular
science or branch of knowledge, or of a given country or period; as,
the <i>literature</i> of Biblical criticism; the <i>literature</i> of
chemistry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The class of writings distinguished for
beauty of style or expression, as poetry, essays, or history, in
distinction from scientific treatises and works which contain
positive knowledge; belles-lettres.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The occupation, profession, or business of
doing literary work.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Science; learning; erudition; belles-lettres.  See
<u>Science</u>. -- <u>Literature</u>, <u>Learning</u>,
<u>Erudition</u>. <i>Literature</i>, in its widest sense, embraces
all compositions in writing or print which preserve the results of
observation, thought, or fancy; but those upon the positive sciences
(mathematics, etc.) are usually excluded. It is often confined,
however, to <i>belles-lettres</i>, or works of taste and sentiment,
as poetry, eloquence, history, etc., excluding abstract discussions
and mere erudition. A man of <i>literature</i> (in this narrowest
sense) is one who is versed in <i>belles-lettres</i>; a man of
<i>learning</i> excels in what is taught in the schools, and has a
wide extent of knowledge, especially in respect to the past; a man of
<i>erudition</i> is one who is skilled in the more recondite branches
of learned inquiry.</p>

<p><blockquote>The origin of all positive science and philosophy, as
well as of all <i>literature</i> and art, in the forms in which they
exist in civilized Europe, must be traced to the Greeks.</blockquote>
<i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Learning</i> thy talent is, but mine is
sense.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some gentlemen, abounding in their university
<i>erudition</i>, fill their sermons with philosophical
terms.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lit`e*ra"tus</hw> (l&ibreve;t`&esl;*r&amacr;"t&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Literati</b></plw> (-
t&imacr;). [L. <i>litteratus</i>, <i>literatus</i>.] <def>A learned
man; a man acquainted with literature; -- chiefly used in the
<i>plural</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now we are to consider that our bright ideal of a
<i>literatus</i> may chance to be maimed.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>-lith</hw> (-l&ibreve;th), <hw>-lite</hw> (-l&imacr;t). }
<def>Combining forms fr. Gr. <grk>li`qos</grk>, <i>a stone</i>; --
used chiefly in naming minerals and rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith</hw> (l&imacr;th), obs. <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Lie</u>, to recline, for <i>lieth</i>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lith</hw> (l&ibreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>li&eth;</i>.] <def>A joint or limb; a division; a member; a part
formed by growth, and articulated to, or symmetrical with, other
parts.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Li*th&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (l&isl;*th&emacr;"m&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>li`qos</grk> stone +
<grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition in which
uric (lithic) acid is present in the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"a*gogue</hw> (l&ibreve;th"&adot;*g&obreve;g),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>li`qos</grk> stone +
<grk>'agwgo`s</grk> leading.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine having,
or supposed to have, the power of expelling calculous matter with the
urine.</def>  <i>Hooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lith"arge</hw> (l&ibreve;th"&adot;rj), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>litarge</i>, F. <i>litharge</i>, L. <i>lithargyrus</i>, Gr.
<grk>liqa`rgyros</grk> the scum or foam of silver; <grk>li`qos</grk>
stone + <grk>'a`rgyros</grk> silver. Litharge is found in
silverbearing lead ore.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Lead monoxide; a
yellowish red substance, obtained as an amorphous powder, or
crystallized in fine scales, by heating lead moderately in a current
of air or by calcining lead nitrate or carbonate. It is used in
making flint glass, in glazing earthenware, in making red lead or
minium, etc. Called also <i>massicot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Li*thar"gy*rum</hw>
(l&ibreve;*th&auml;r"j&ibreve;*r&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Litharge</u>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Crystallized litharge,
obtained by fusion in the form of fine yellow scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"ate</hw> (l&ibreve;th"&asl;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Old Med. Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of lithic or uric acid; a
urate.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>lithiate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lithe</hw> (l&imacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[Icel <i>hl&ymacr;&eth;a</i>. See <u>Listen</u>.] <def>To listen or
listen to; to hearken to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lithe</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>l&imacr;&eth;e</i>,
for <i>lin&eth;e</i> tender, mild, gentle; akin to G. <i>lind</i>,
<i>gelind</i>, OHG. <i>lindi</i>, Icel. <i>linr</i>, L. <i>lenis</i>
soft, mild, <i>lentus</i> flexible, and AS. <i>linnan</i> to yield.
Cf. <u>Lenient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mild; calm; as,
<i>lithe</i> weather.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being easily bent; pliant;
flexible; limber; as, the elephant's <i>lithe</i> proboscis.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lithe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>l&imacr;&eth;ian</i>. See <u>Lithe</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>To smooth; to soften; to palliate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lithe"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lithe, pliant,
or flexible manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lithe"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being lithe; flexibility; limberness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"ther</hw> (l&imacr;"&thlig;&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>l&ymacr;&eth;er</i> bad, wicked.] <def>Bad; wicked; false;
worthless; slothful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>lither</i> in business, fervent in
spirit.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Woolton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Professor Skeat thinks " the <i>lither</i> sky" as found in
Shakespeare's Henry VI. (Part I. IV. VII., 21) means the stagnant or
pestilential sky.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Li"ther*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]. --
<wf>Li"ther*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Li"ther*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Crafty; cunning;
mischievous; wicked; treacherous; lazy.</def>[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He [the dwarf] was waspish, arch, and
<i>litherly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lithe"some</hw> (l&imacr;&thlig;"s&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lithe</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Lissom</u>.] <def>Pliant; limber; flexible; supple; nimble;
lissom.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Lithe"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lith"i*a</hw> (l&ibreve;th"&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. <grk>li`qos</grk> stone.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The oxide of lithium; a strong alkaline caustic
similar to potash and soda, but weaker. See <u>Lithium</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lithia emerald</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Hiddenite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Li*thi"a*sis</hw> (l&ibreve;*th&imacr;"&adot;*s&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>liqi`asis</grk>, fr.
<grk>li`qos</grk> stone.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The formation of stony
concretions or calculi in any part of the body, especially in the
bladder and urinary passages.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lith"ic</hw> (l&ibreve;th"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>liqiko`s</grk> of or belonging to stones, fr.
<grk>li`qos</grk> stone: cf. F. <i>lithique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to stone; as, <i>lithic</i>
architecture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the formation
of uric-acid concretions (stone) in the bladder and other parts of
the body; as, <i>lithic</i> diathesis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lithic acid</b></col> <i>(Old Med. Chem.)</i>, <cd>uric
acid. See <i>Uric acid</i>, under <u>Uric</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>lith"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine which tends to prevent stone in the bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Lithium</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to or denoting lithium or some of its
compounds.</def>  <i>Frankland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lith`i*oph"i*lite</hw>
(l&ibreve;th`&ibreve;*&obreve;f"&ibreve;*l&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lithium</i> + Gr. <grk>fi`los</grk> friend.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A phosphate of manganese and lithium; a variety of
triphylite.</def></p>

<p><! p. 860 !></p>

<p><hw>Lith"i*um</hw> (l&ibreve;th"&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. <grk>li`qeios</grk> of stone, fr.
<grk>li`qos</grk> stone.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A metallic element of
the alkaline group, occurring in several minerals, as petalite,
spodumene, lepidolite, triphylite, etc., and otherwise widely
disseminated, though in small quantities.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When isolated it is a soft, silver white metal, tarnishing
and oxidizing very rapidly in the air. It is the lightest solid
element known, specific gravity being 0.59. Symbol Li. Atomic weight
7.0 So called from having been discovered in a mineral.</p>

<p><hw>Lith"o</hw> (l&ibreve;th"&osl;) <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>li`qos</grk>, <i>stone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`o*bil"ic</hw> (-b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Litho</i> + <i>bile</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to or designating an organic acid of the tartaric
acid series, distinct from lithofellic acid, but, like it, obtained
from certain bile products, as bezoar stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*carp</hw> (l&ibreve;th"&osl;*k&auml;rp),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> + Gr. <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit:
cf. F. <i>lithocarpe</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Fossil fruit; a
fruit petrified; a carpolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`o*chro*mat"ics</hw> (-kr&osl;*m&abreve;t"&ibreve;ks),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Lithochromics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`o*chro"mics</hw> (-kr&omacr;"m&ibreve;ks),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> + Gr. <grk>chrw^ma</grk> color.]
<def>The art of printing colored pictures on canvas from oil
paintings on stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*clast</hw> (l&ibreve;th"&osl;*kl&abreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> + Gr. <grk>kla^n</grk> to break.]
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument for crushing stones in the
bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*cyst</hw> (l&ibreve;th"&osl;*s&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> + <i>cyst</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sac containing small, calcareous
concretions (<i>otoliths</i>). They are found in many Medus&aelig;,
and other invertebrates, and are supposed to be auditory
organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*dome</hw> (-d&omacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-
</i> + Gr. <grk>do`mos</grk> house: cf. F. <i>lithodome</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of bivalves,
which form holes in limestone, in which they live; esp., any species
of the genus <i>Lithodomus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thod"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or pertaining to, Lithodomus;
lithophagous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Li*thod"o*mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Lithodome</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of elongated
bivalve shells, allied to the mussels, and remarkable for their
ability to bore holes for shelter, in solid limestone, shells, etc.
Called also <i>Lithophagus</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; These holes are at first very small and shallow, but are
enlarged with the growth of the shell, sometimes becoming two or
three inches deep and nearly an inch diameter.</p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*fel"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> +
L. <i>fel</i>, <i>fellis</i>, gall.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, a crystalline, organic acid,
resembling cholic acid, found in the biliary intestinal concretions
(bezoar stones) common in certain species of antelope.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lith`o*frac"teur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<grk>li`qos</grk> stone + L. <i>frangere</i>, <i>fractum</i>, to
break.] <def>An explosive compound of nitroglycerin. See
<u>Nitroglycerin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`o*gen"e*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i>
Gr. <grk>ge`nesis</grk> origin, generation: cf. F.
<i>lithog&eacute;n&eacute;sie</i>. See <u>Genesis</u>.] <def>The
doctrine or science of the origin of the minerals composing the
globe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thog"e*nous</hw> (l&ibreve;*th&obreve;j"&esl;*n&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> + <i>-genous</i>.] <def>Stone-
producing; -- said of polyps which form coral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*glyph</hw> (l&ibreve;th"&osl;*gl&ibreve;f),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>liqoglyfi`a</grk>; <grk>li`qos</grk>
stone + <grk>gly`fein</grk> to engrave.] <def>An engraving on a
gem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thog"ly*pher</hw>
(l&ibreve;*th&obreve;g"l&ibreve;*f&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who curs or engraves precious stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`o*glyph"ic</hw>
(l&ibreve;th`&osl;*gl&ibreve;f"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to the art of cutting and engraving precious
stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`o*glyp"tics</hw> (-gl&ibreve;p"t&ibreve;ks),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of cutting and engraving
gems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lithographed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lithographing</u> (?).] [<i>Litho-</i> + <i>-
graph</i>: cf. F. <i>lithographier</i>.] <def>To trace on stone by
the process of lithography so as to transfer the design to paper by
printing; as, to <i>lithograph</i> a design; to <i>lithograph</i> a
painting. See <u>Lithography</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*graph</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A print made by
lithography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thog"ra*pher</hw>
(l&ibreve;*th&obreve;g"r&adot;*f&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who lithographs; one who practices lithography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lith`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Lith`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>lithographique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to lithography; made by lithography; as, the
<i>lithographic</i> art; a <i>lithographic</i> picture.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lithographic limestone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a
compact, fine-grained limestone, obtained largely from the Lias and
O&ouml;lite, esp. of Bavaria, and extensively used in
lithography.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Lith`o*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Li*thog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lithographie</i>.] <def>The art or process of putting designs or
writing, with a greasy material, on stone, and of producing printed
impressions therefrom. The process depends, in the main, upon the
antipathy between grease and water, which prevents a printing ink
containing oil from adhering to wetted parts of the stone not covered
by the design. See <i>Lithographic limestone</i>, under
<u>Lithographic</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lith"oid</hw> (?) <hw>Li*thoid"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F.
<i>litho&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Like a stone; having a stony
structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> +
Gr. &?; worship.] <def>The worship of a stone or stones.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lith`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Lith`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>lithologique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the character of a rock, as
derived from the nature and mode of aggregation of its mineral
contents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to lithology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`o*log"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>From
a lithological point of view; as, to consider a stratum
<i>lithologically</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
skilled in lithology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>lithologie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
science which treats of rocks, as regards their mineral constitution
and classification, and their mode of occurrence in nature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A treatise on stones found
in the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> +
<i>-mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>lithomancie</i>.] <def>Divination by means
of stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*marge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> +
L. <i>marga</i> marl.] <def>A clay of a fine smooth texture, and very
sectile.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lith`on*thrip"tic</hw>, <hw>Lith`on*thryp"tic</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> + Gr. &?; to crush.]
<def>Same as <u>Lithontriptic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`on*trip"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>li`qos</grk>, acc. &?;, a stone + &?; to rub, grind: cf. F.
<i>lithontriptique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having the quality of, or
used for, dissolving or destroying stone in the bladder or kidneys;
as, <i>lithontriptic</i> forc&eacute;ps.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lithontriptic remedy or agent, as
distilled water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"on*trip"tist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Lithotriptist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"on*trip`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>See <u>Lithotriptor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thoph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i>
+ Gr. &?; to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Eating or swallowing stones or gravel, as the ostrich.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Eating or destroying stone; -- applied to
various animals which make burrows in stone, as many bivalve
mollusks, certain sponges, annelids, and sea urchins. See
<u>Lithodomus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`o*phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> +
Gr. <grk>fai`nein</grk> to show, reveal.] <def>Porcelain impressed
with figures which are made distinct by transmitted light, -- as when
hung in a window, or used as a lamp shade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*phos`phor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i>
+ <i>phosphor</i>.] <def>A stone that becomes phosphoric by
heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`o*phos*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to lithophosphor; becoming phosphoric by
heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`o*pho*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Litho-</i> + <i>photography</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Photolithography</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*phyll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>li`qos</grk> a stone + &?; a leaf: cf. F. <i>lithophylle</i>.]
<def>A fossil leaf or impression of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*physe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> +
Gr. &?; a flatus, air bubble.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A spherulitic
cavity often with concentric chambers, observed in some volcanic
rocks, as in rhyolitic lavas. It is supposed to be produced by
expanding gas, whence the name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> +
Gr. &?; plant: cf. F. <i>lithophyte</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
hard, or stony, plantlike organism, as the gorgonians, corals, and
corallines, esp. those gorgonians having a calcareous axis. All the
lithophytes except the corallines are animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`o*phyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to lithophytes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thoph"y*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lithophytic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*tho"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From NL.
<i>Lithosia</i>, the typical genus, fr. Gr. <grk>li`qos</grk> a
stone, a rock.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of various species
of moths belonging to the family <i>Lithosid&aelig;</i>. Many of them
are beautifully colored.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*tint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> +
<i>tint</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of lithography by which
the effect of a tinted drawing is produced, as if made with India
ink.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A picture produced by this
process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; cutting
stones; <grk>li`qos</grk> stone + &?; to cut: cf. F.
<i>lithotome</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stone so formed by
nature as to appear as if cut by art.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument used for
cutting the bladder in operations for the stone.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lith`o*tom"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Lith`o*tom"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>li`qos</grk> stone cutting: cf. F.
<i>lithotomique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or performed by,
lithotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thot"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lithotomiste</i>.] <def>One who performs the operation of cutting
for stone in the bladder, or one who is skilled in the
operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lithotomia</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>lithotomie</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>The operation, art, or practice of cutting for stone in the
bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*trip`sy</hw> (l&ibreve;th"&osl;*tr&ibreve;p`s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> + Gr. <grk>tri`bein</grk> to rub,
grind: cf. F. <i>lithotripsie</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation
of crushing a stone in the bladder with an instrument called
<i>lithotriptor</i> or <i>lithotrite</i>; lithotrity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`o*trip"tic</hw> (-tr&ibreve;p"t&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Lithontriptic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*trip`tist</hw>
(l&ibreve;th"&osl;*tr&ibreve;p`t&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One skilled in breaking and extracting stone in the
bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*trip`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>An instrument for triturating the stone in the bladder; a
lithotrite.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lith"o*trite</hw> (?), <hw>Lith"o*tri"tor</hw> (?), } [See
<u>Lithotrity</u>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A lithotriptor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thot"ri*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
lithotriptist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thot"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> +
L. <i>terere</i>, <i>tritum</i>, to rub, grind.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>The operation of breaking a stone in the bladder into small
pieces capable of being voided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
stereotype plate made by lithotypy; also, that which in printed from
it. See <u>Lithotypy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*type</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lithotyped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lithotyping</u> (?).] <def>To prepare for printing with plates
made by the process of lithotypy. See <u>Lithotypy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`o*typ"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or produced by, lithotypy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thot"y*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Litho-</i> +
<i>-typy</i>.] <def>The art or process of making a kind of hard,
stereotype plate, by pressing into a mold, taken from a page of type
or other matter, a composition of gum shell-lac and sand of a fine
quality, together with a little tar and linseed oil, all in a heated
state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*thox`yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>lithoxyle</i>.] [<i>Litho-</i> + Gr. &?; wood: cf. F.
<i>lithoxyle</i>.] <def>Petrified wood.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lith`u*a"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Lithuania (formerly a principality united with Poland,
but now Russian and Prussian territory).</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith`u*a"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native, or
one of the people, of Lithuania; also, the language of the Lithuanian
people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"y</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lithe</u>.]
<def>Easily bent; pliable.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lithy tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European shrub
(<i>Viburnum Lantana</i>); -- so named from its tough and flexible
stem.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lit"i*ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as can
be litigated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"i*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>litigans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>litigare</i>: cf. F. <i>litigant</i>. See
<u>Litigate</u>.] <def>Disposed to litigate; contending in law;
engaged in a lawsuit; as, the parties <i>litigant</i>.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"i*gant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person engaged in
a lawsuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Litigated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Litigating</u>.] [See <u>Litigation</u>.] <def>To
make the subject of a lawsuit; to contest in law; to prosecute or
defend by pleadings, exhibition of evidence, and judicial debate in a
court; as, to <i>litigate</i> a cause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"i*gate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To carry on a
suit by judicial process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit`i*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>litigatio</i>, fr. <i>litigare</i> to dispute, litigate;
<i>lis</i>, <i>litis</i>, dispute, lawsuit (OL. <i>stlis</i>) +
<i>agere</i> to carry on. See <u>Agent</u>.] <def>The act or process
of litigating; a suit at law; a judicial contest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"i*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
litigates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*ti"gious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>litigiosus</i>, fr. <i>litigium</i> dispute, quarrel, fr.
<i>litigare</i>: cf. F. <i>litigieux</i>. See <u>Litigation</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to judicial contest; given to the
practice of contending in law; quarrelsome; contentious; fond of
litigation.</def> " A pettifogging attorney or a <i>litigious</i>
client."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Soldiers find wars, and lawyers find out still<BR>
<i>Litigious</i> men, who quarrels move.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subject to contention; disputable;
controvertible; debatable; doubtful; precarious.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No fences, parted fields, nor marks, nor bounds,<BR>
Distinguished acres of <i>litigious</i> grounds.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to legal
disputes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor brothers cite to the <i>litigious</i>
bar.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*ti"gious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
litigious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*ti"gious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being litigious; disposition to engage in or carry on
lawsuits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>lakmoes</i>;
<i>lak</i> lacker + <i>moes</i> a thick preparation of fruit, pap,
prob. akin to E. <i>meat</i>: cf. G. <i>lackmus</i>. See <u>Lac</u> a
resinous substance.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A dyestuff extracted from
certain lichens (<i>Roccella tinctoria</i>, <i>Lecanora tartarea</i>,
etc.), as a blue amorphous mass which consists of a compound of the
alkaline carbonates with certain coloring matters related to orcin
and orcein.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Litmus is used as a dye, and being turned red by acids and
restored to its blue color by alkalies, is a common indicator or test
for acidity and alkalinity.</p>

<p><col><b>Litmus paper</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>unsized paper
saturated with blue or red litmus, -- used in testing for acids or
alkalies.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>||Li"to*tes</hw> (l&imacr;"t&osl;*t&emacr;z),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>lito`ths</grk>, from
<grk>lito`s</grk> plain, simple.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A diminution or
softening of statement for the sake of avoiding censure or increasing
the effect by contrast with the moderation shown in the form of
expression; as, " a citizen of no mean city," that is, of an
illustrious city.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*tran"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>li`tra</grk> + <i>-meter</i>. See <u>Liter</u>] <def>An
instrument for ascertaining the specific gravity of
liquids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"tre</hw> (l&emacr;"t&etilde;r; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>Same as <u>Liter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"ter</hw> (l&ibreve;t"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>liti&egrave;re</i>, LL. <i>lectaria</i>, fr. L. <i>lectus</i>
couch, bed. See <u>Lie</u> to be prostrated, and cf.
<u>Coverlet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bed or stretcher so
arranged that a person, esp. a sick or wounded person, may be easily
carried in or upon it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>litter</i> ready; lay him in
't.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Straw, hay, etc., scattered on a floor, as
bedding for animals to rest on; also, a covering of straw for
plants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To crouch in <i>litter</i> of your stable
planks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Take off the <i>litter</i> from your kernel
beds.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Things lying scattered about in a manner
indicating slovenliness; scattered rubbish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strephon, who found the room was void.<BR>
Stole in, and took a strict survey<BR>
Of all the <i>litter</i> as it lay.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Disorder or untidiness resulting from
scattered rubbish, or from thongs lying about uncared for; as, a room
in a state of <i>litter</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The young brought forth at one time, by a
sow or other multiparous animal, taken collectively. Also
Fig.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wolf came to a sow, and very kindly offered to take
care of her <i>litter</i>.</blockquote> <i>D. Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Reflect upon that numerous <i>litter</i> of strange,
senseless opinions that crawl about the world.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Littered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Littering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To supply with litter, as
cattle; to cover with litter, as the floor of a stall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tell them how they <i>litter</i> their
jades.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hacke&?;.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For his ease, well <i>littered</i> was the
floor.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put into a confused or disordered
condition; to strew with scattered articles; as, to <i>litter</i> a
room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The room with volumes <i>littered</i>
round.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give birth to; to bear; -- said of
brutes, esp. those which produce more than one at a birth, and also
of human beings, in abhorrence or contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We might conceive that dogs were created blind,
because we observe they were <i>littered</i> so with us.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The son that she did <i>litter</i> here,<BR>
A freckled whelp hagborn.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 861 !></p>

<p><hw>Lit"ter</hw> (l&ibreve;t"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be supplied with litter as bedding; to
sleep or make one's bed in litter.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The inn<BR>
Where he and his horse <i>littered</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Habington.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce a litter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A desert . . . where the she-wolf still
<i>littered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lit`te`ra`teur"</hw> (l&esl;`t&asl;`r&adot;`t&etilde;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>One who occupies himself with
literature; a literary man; a literatus.</def> " Befriended by one
kind-hearted <i>litt&eacute;rateur</i> after another."  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered or
encumbered with litter; consisting of or constituting
litter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [The regular
comparative of this word is wanting, its place being supplied by
<i>less</i>, or, rarely, <i>lesser</i>. See <u>Lesser</u>. For the
superlative <i>least</i> is used, the regular form, <i>littlest</i>,
occurring very rarely, except in some of the English provinces, and
occasionally in colloquial language. " Where love is great, the
<i>littlest</i> doubts are fear." <i>Shak.</i>] [OE. <i>litel</i>,
<i>lutel</i>, AS. <i>l&?;tel</i>, <i>l&imacr;tel</i>, <i>l&?;t</i>;
akin to OS. <i>littil</i>, D. <i>luttel</i>, LG. <i>l&uuml;tt</i>,
OHG. <i>luzzil</i>, MHG. <i>l&uuml;tzel</i>; and perh. to AS.
<i>lytig</i> deceitful, <i>lot</i> deceit, Goth. <i>liuts</i>
deceitful, <i>lut&?;n</i> to deceive; cf. also Icel.
<i>l&imacr;till</i> little, Sw. <i>liten</i>, Dan. <i>liden</i>,
<i>lille</i>, Goth. <i>leitils</i>, which appear to have a different
root vowel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Small in size or extent; not
big; diminutive; -- opposed to <i>big</i> or <i>large</i>; as, a
<i>little</i> body; a <i>little</i> animal; a <i>little</i> piece of
ground; a <i>little</i> hill; a <i>little</i> distance; a
<i>little</i> child.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>He sought to see Jesus who he was; and could not for
the press, because he was <i>little</i> of stature.</blockquote>
<i>Luke xix. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Short in duration; brief; as, a
<i>little</i> sleep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Best him enough: after a <i>little</i> time,<BR>
I'll beat him too.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Small in quantity or amount; not much; as,
a <i>little</i> food; a <i>little</i> air or water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conceited of their <i>little</i> wisdoms, and doting
upon their own fancies.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Small in dignity, power, or importance;
not great; insignificant; contemptible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When thou wast <i>little</i> in thine own sight, wast
thou not made the head of the tribes?</blockquote> <i>I Sam. xv.
17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Small in force or efficiency; not strong;
weak; slight; inconsiderable; as, <i>little</i> attention or
exertion;<i>little</i> effort; <i>little</i> care or
diligence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By sad experiment I know<BR>
How <i>little</i> weight my words with thee can find.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Small in extent of views or sympathies;
narrow; shallow; contracted; mean; illiberal; ungenerous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The long-necked geese of the world that are ever
hissing dispraise,<BR>
Because their natures are <i>little</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Little chief</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Chief hare</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Little finger</b></col>, <cd>the
fourth and smallest finger of the hand.</cd> -- <col><b>Little
go</b></col> <i>(Eng. Universities)</i>, <cd>a public examination
about the middle of the course, which is less strict and important
than the final one; -- called also <i>smalls</i>.  Cf. <i>Great
go</i>, under <u>Great</u>.</cd> <i>Thackeray.</i> -- <col><b>Little
hours</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>the offices of prime, tierce,
sext, and nones. Vespers and compline are sometimes included.</cd> --
<col><b>Little ones</b></col>, <cd>young children.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The men, and the women, and the <i>little
ones</i>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. ii. 34.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is little; a small quantity, amount, space, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Much was in <i>little</i> writ.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are many expressions, which carrying with them
no clear ideas, are like to remove but <i>little</i> of my
ignorance.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small degree or scale; miniature.</def>
" His picture in <i>little</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A little, to or in a small degree; to a limited
extent; somewhat; for a short time. " Stay a
<i>little</i>."</blockquote>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The painter flattered her a
<i>little</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>By little and little</b></col>, or <col><b>Little by
little</b></col>, <cd>by slow degrees; piecemeal; gradually.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a small quantity
or degree; not much; slightly; somewhat; -- often with a preceding
it.</def> " The poor sleep <i>little</i>."  <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"tle-ease`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old slang
name for the pillory, stocks, etc., of a prison.</def>[Eng.]
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"tle*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being little; as, <i>littleness</i> of size, thought,
duration, power, etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Smallness; slightness; inconsiderableness;
narrowness; insignificance; meanness; penuriousness.</p>

<p><hw>Lit"to*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>littoralis</i>, <i>litoralis</i>, from <i>littus</i>,
<i>litus</i>, the seashore: cf. F. <i>littoral</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a shore, as of the
sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Inhabiting the seashore,
esp. the zone between high-water and low-water mark.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lit"to*ri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Littoral</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small
pectinibranch mollusks, having thick spiral shells, abundant between
tides on nearly all rocky seacoasts. They feed on seaweeds. The
common periwinkle is a well-known example. See
<u>Periwinkle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"tress</hw> (l&ibreve;t"tr&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A smooth kind of cartridge paper used for making cards.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"u*ate</hw> (l&ibreve;t"u*&asl;t; 135),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lituus</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Forked,
with the points slightly curved outward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"u*i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lituus</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a lituus; like a
lituite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"u*ite</hw> (l&ibreve;t"u*&isl;t; 135),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lituus</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Any
species of ammonites of the genus <i>Lituites</i>. They are found in
the Cretaceous formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lituratus</i>, p. p. of <i>liturare</i> to erase, fr.
<i>litura</i> a blur.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having indistinct spots, paler at their margins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Spotted, as if from
abrasions of the surface.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Li*tur"gic</hw> (?), <hw>Li*tur"gic*al</hw> (?), } [Gr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>liturgique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, of or the nature of, a
liturgy; of or pertaining to public prayer and worship.</def>  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*tur"gic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of a liturgy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*tur"gics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science of
worship; history, doctrine, and interpretation of
liturgies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*tur`gi*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in liturgiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*tur`gi*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Liturgy</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science treating of
liturgical matters; a treatise on, or description of,
liturgies.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"ur*gist</hw> (l&ibreve;t"&ubreve;r*j&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favors or adheres strictly to a
liturgy.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lit"ur*gy</hw> (l&ibreve;t"&ubreve;r*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Liturgies</b></plw> (-
j&ibreve;z). [F. <i>liturgie</i>, LL. <i>liturgia</i>, Gr.
<grk>leitoyrgi`a</grk> a public service, the public service of God,
public worship; (assumed) <grk>le`i:tos</grk>, <grk>lei^tos</grk>,
belonging to the people, public (fr. <grk>lao`s</grk>,
<grk>lew`s</grk>, the people) + the root of <grk>'e`rgon</grk> work.
See <u>Lay</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Work</u>.] <def>An
established formula for public worship, or the entire ritual for
public worship in a church which uses prescribed forms; a formulary
for public prayer or devotion. In the Roman Catholic Church it
includes all forms and services in any language, in any part of the
world, for the celebration of Mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lit"u*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Litui</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom.
Antig.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A curved staff used by the
augurs in quartering the heavens.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
instrument of martial music; a kind of trumpet of a somewhat curved
form and shrill note.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A spiral whose polar
equation is <i>r<sup>2</sup>&theta; = a</i>; that is, a curve the
square of whose radius vector varies inversely as the angle which the
radius vector makes with a given line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Such as can be lived.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Such as is pleasant to live in; fit or
suitable to live in.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A more delightful or <i>livable</i> region is not
easily to be found.</blockquote> <i>T. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Live</hw> (l&ibreve;v), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lived</u> (l&ibreve;vd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Living</u>.] [OE. <i>liven</i>, <i>livien</i>, AS.
<i>libban</i>, <i>lifian</i>; akin to OS. <i>libbian</i>, D.
<i>leven</i>, G. <i>leben</i>, OHG. <i>leb&emacr;n</i>, Dan.
<i>leve</i>, Sw. <i>lefva</i>, Icel. <i>lifa</i> to live, to be left,
to remain, Goth. <i>liban</i> to live; akin to E. <i>leave</i> to
forsake, and <i>life</i>, Gr. <grk>liparei^n</grk> to persist,
<grk>liparo`s</grk> oily, shining, sleek, <grk>li`pos</grk> fat,
lard, Skr. <i>lip</i> to anoint, smear; -- the first sense prob. was,
to cleave to, stick to; hence, to remain, stay; and hence, to live.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be alive; to have life; to have, as an
animal or a plant, the capacity of assimilating matter as food, and
to be dependent on such assimilation for a continuance of existence;
as, animals and plants that <i>live</i> to a great age are long in
reaching maturity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus saith the Lord God unto these bones; Behold, I
will . . . lay sinews upon you, and will bring up flesh upon you, and
cover you with skin, and put breath in you, and ye shall
<i>live</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxxvii. 5, 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass one's time; to pass life or time
in a certain manner, as to habits, conduct, or circumstances; as, to
<i>live</i> in ease or affluence; to <i>live</i> happily or
usefully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O death, how bitter is the remembrance of thee to a
man that <i>liveth</i> at rest in his possessions!</blockquote>
<i>Ecclus. xli. 1. </i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make one's abiding place or home; to
abide; to dwell; to reside.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jacob <i>lived</i> in the land of Egypt seventeen
years.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xlvii. 28.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be or continue in existence; to exist;
to remain; to be permanent; to last; -- said of inanimate objects,
ideas, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men's evil manners <i>live</i> in brass; their
virtues<BR>
We write in water.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To enjoy or make the most of life; to be
in a state of happiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What greater curse could envious fortune give<BR>
Than just to die when I began to <i>live</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To feed; to subsist; to be nourished or
supported; -- with <i>on</i>; as, horses <i>live</i> on grass and
grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To have a spiritual existence; to be
quickened, nourished, and actuated by divine influence or
faith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The just shall <i>live</i> by faith.</blockquote>
<i>Gal. iii. ll.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To be maintained in life; to acquire a
livelihood; to subsist; -- with <i>on</i> or <i>by</i>; as, to
<i>live</i> on spoils.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who <i>live</i> by labor.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To outlast danger; to float; -- said of a
ship, boat, etc.; as, no ship could <i>live</i> in such a
storm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A strong mast that <i>lived</i> upon the
sea.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To live out</b></col>, <cd>to be at service; to live away
from home as a servant.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>To live
with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To dwell or to be a lodger
with</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To cohabit with; to have
intercourse with, as male with female.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Live</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To spend, as one's life; to pass; to maintain; to continue in,
constantly or habitually; as, to <i>live</i> an idle or a useful
life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act habitually in conformity with; to
practice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>live</i> the Gospel.</blockquote>
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To live down</b></col>, <cd>to live so as to subdue or
refute; as, <i>to live down</i> slander.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Live</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Abbreviated from
<i>alive</i>. See <u>Alive</u>, <u>Life</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having life; alive; living; not dead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If one man's ox hurt another's, that he die; then they
shall sell the <i>live</i> ox, and divide the money of
it.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxi. 35.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being in a state of ignition; burning;
having active properties; as, a <i>live</i> coal; <i>live</i>
embers.</def> " The <i>live</i> ether."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Full of earnestness; active; wide awake;
glowing; as, a <i>live</i> man, or orator.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Vivid; bright.</def> " The <i>live</i>
carnation."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>Imparting power; having
motion; as, the <i>live</i> spindle of a lathe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Live birth</b></col>, <cd>the condition of being born in
such a state that acts of life are manifested after the extrusion of
the whole body.</cd> <i>Dunglison.</i> -- <col><b>Live box</b></col>,
<cd>a cell for holding living objects under microscopical
examination.</cd> <i>P. H. Gosse.</i> -- <col><b>Live
feathers</b></col>, <cd>feathers which have been plucked from the
living bird, and are therefore stronger and more elastic.</cd> --
<col><b>Live gang</b></col>. <i>(Sawing)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Gang</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Live grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a grass of the genus <i>Eragrostis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Live
load</b></col> <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>a suddenly applied load; a
varying load; a moving load; as a moving train of cars on a bridge,
or wind pressure on a roof.</cd> <col><b>Live oak</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of oak (<i>Quercus virens</i>), growing
in the Southern States, of great durability, and highly esteemed for
ship timber. In California the <i>Q. chrysolepis</i> and some other
species are also called <i>live oaks</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Live
ring</b></col> <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>a circular train of rollers upon
which a swing bridge, or turntable, rests, and which travels around a
circular track when the bridge or table turns.</cd> -- <col><b>Live
steam</b></col> , <cd>steam direct from the boiler, used for any
purpose, in distinction from <i>exhaust steam</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Live stock</b></col>, <cd>horses, cattle, and other domestic
animals kept on a farm.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Live</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Life.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On live</b></col>, <cd>in life; alive.</cd> [Obs.] See
<u>Alive</u>.  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lived</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having life; -- used
only in composition; as, long-<i>lived</i>; short-
<i>lived</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Live"-for*ev`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant (<i>Sedum Telephium</i>) with fleshy leaves, which has
extreme powers of resisting drought; garden ox-pine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Live"li*hed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Livelihood</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Live"li*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>livelode</i>, <i>liflode</i>, prop., course of life, life's
support, maintenance, fr. AS. <i>l&imacr;f</i> life +
<i>l&amacr;d</i> road, way, maintenance. Confused with
<i>livelihood</i> liveliness. See <u>Life</u>, and <u>Lode</u>.]
<def>Subsistence or living, as dependent on some means of support;
support of life; maintenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The opportunities of gaining an honest
<i>livelihood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is their profession and <i>livelihood</i> to get
their living by practices for which they deserve to forfeit their
lives.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Live"li*hood</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lively</i> + <i>-
hood</i>.] <def>Liveliness; appearance of life.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Live"li*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lively
manner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Live"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Lively</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being lively or
animated; sprightliness; vivacity; animation; spirit; as, the
<i>liveliness</i> of youth, contrasted with the gravity of age.</def>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An appearance of life, animation, or
spirit; as, the <i>liveliness</i> of the eye or the countenance in a
portrait.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Briskness; activity; effervescence, as of
liquors.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sprightliness; gayety; animation; vivacity;
smartness; briskness; activity. -- <u>Liveliness</u>, <u>Gayety</u>,
<u>Animation</u>, <u>Vivacity</u>. <i>Liveliness</i> is an habitual
feeling of life and interest; <i>gayety</i> refers more to a
temporary excitement of the animal spirits; <i>animation</i> implies
a warmth of emotion and a corresponding vividness of expressing it,
awakened by the presence of something which strongly affects the
mind; <i>vivacity</i> is a feeling between liveliness and animation,
having the permanency of the one, and, to some extent, the warmth of
the other. <i>Liveliness</i> of imagination; <i>gayety</i> of heart;
<i>animation</i> of countenance; <i>vivacity</i> of gesture or
conversation.</p>

<p><hw>Live"lode`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Livelihood</u>.] <def>Course of life; means of support;
livelihood.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Live"long`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For
<i>lifelong</i>.  Cf. <u>Lifelong</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Whole; entire; long in passing; -- used of time, as day or
night, in adverbial phrases, and usually with a sense of
tediousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The obscure bird<BR>
Clamored the <i>livelong</i> night.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How could she sit the <i>livelong</i> day,<BR>
Yet never ask us once to play?</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lasting; durable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast built thyself a <i>livelong</i>
monument.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Live"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Livelier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Liveliest</u>.] [For <i>lifely</i>.  Cf.
<u>Lifelike</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Endowed with or manifesting
life; living.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chaplets of gold and silver resembling <i>lively</i>
flowers and leaves.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Brisk; vivacious; active; as, a
<i>lively</i> youth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But wherefore comes old Manoa in such haste,<BR>
With youthful steps ? Much <i>livelier</i> than erewhile<BR>
He seems.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gay; airy; animated; spirited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From grave to gay, from <i>lively</i> to
severe.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Representing life; lifelike.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I spied the <i>lively</i> picture of my
father.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Bright; vivid; glowing; strong;
vigorous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The colors of the prism are manifestly more full,
intense, and <i>lively</i> that those of natural bodies.</blockquote>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His faith must be not only living, but <i>lively</i>
too.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lively stones</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>saints, as
being quickened by the Spirit, and active in holiness.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Brisk; vigorous; quick; nimble; smart; active;
alert; sprightly; animated; spirited; prompt; earnest; strong;
energetic; vivid; vivacious; blithe; gleeful; airy; gay; jocund.</p>

<p><hw>Live"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a brisk, active, or animated manner; briskly;
vigorously.</def>  <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With strong resemblance of life.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou counterfeitest most <i>lively</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, lives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And try if life be worth the <i>liver's</i>
care.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A resident; a dweller; as, a <i>liver</i>
in Brooklyn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One whose course of life has some marked
characteristic (expressed by an adjective); as, a free
<i>liver</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fast liver</b></col>, <cd>one who lives in an extravagant
and dissipated way.</cd> -- <col><b>Free liver</b></col>,
<col><b>Good liver</b></col>, <cd>one given to the pleasures of the
table.</cd> -- <col><b>Loose liver</b></col>, <cd>a person who lives
a somewhat dissolute life.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Liv"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lifer</i>; akin to
D. <i>liver</i>, G. <i>leber</i>, OHG. <i>lebara</i>, Icel.
<i>lifr</i>, Sw. <i>lefver</i>, and perh. to Gr. &?; fat, E.
<i>live</i>, v.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A very large glandular and
vascular organ in the visceral cavity of all vertebrates.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Most of the venous blood from the alimentary canal passes
through it on its way back to the heart; and it secretes the bile,
produces glycogen, and in other ways changes the blood which passes
through it. In man it is situated immediately beneath the diaphragm
and mainly on the right side. See <u>Bile</u>, <u>Digestive</u>, and
<u>Glycogen</u>.  The liver of invertebrate animals is usually made
up of c&aelig;cal tubes, and differs materially, in form and
function, from that of vertebrates.</p>

<p><col><b>Floating liver</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Wandering liver</i>,
under <u>Wandering</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Liver of antimony</b></col>,
<col><b>Liver of sulphur</b></col>. <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Hepar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Liver brown</b></col>, <col><b>Liver
color</b></col>, <cd>the color of liver, a dark, reddish brown.</cd>
-- <col><b>Liver shark</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very
large shark (<i>Cetorhinus maximus</i>), inhabiting the northern
coasts both of Europe and North America. It sometimes becomes forty
feet in length, being one of the largest sharks known; but it has
small simple teeth, and is not dangerous. It is captured for the sake
of its liver, which often yields several barrels of oil. It has gill
rakers, resembling whalebone, by means of which it separates small
animals from the sea water.</cd> Called also <i>basking shark</i>,
<i>bone shark</i>, <i>hoemother</i>, <i>homer</i>, and
<i>sailfish</i>. -- <col><b>Liver spots</b></col>, <cd>yellowish
brown patches or spots of chloasma.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 862 !></p>

<p><hw>Liv"er</hw> (l&ibreve;v"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The glossy ibis (<i>Ibis falcinellus</i>); -
- said to have given its name to the city of Liverpool.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liv"er-col`ored</hw> (-k&ubreve;l`&etilde;rd),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a color like liver; dark reddish
brown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liv"ered</hw> (l&ibreve;v"&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having (such) a liver; used in composition; as, white-
<i>livered</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liv"er-grown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an
enlarged liver.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liv"er*ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
livery. See <u>Livery</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>liveried</i> servants wait.</blockquote>
<i>Parnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liv"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of pudding
or sausage made of liver or pork.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liv"er*leaf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Liverwort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liv"er*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ranunculaceous plant (<i>Anemone
Hepatica</i>) with pretty white or bluish flowers and a three-lobed
leaf; -- called also <i>squirrel cups</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flowerless plant (<i>Marchantia
polymorpha</i>), having an irregularly lobed, spreading, and forking
frond.</def></p>

<p>&fist; From this plant many others of the same order
(<i>Hepatic&aelig;</i>) have been vaguely called liverworts, esp.
those of the tribe <i>Marchantiace&aelig;</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Hepatica</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Liv"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Liveries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>livere</i>, F.
<i>livr&eacute;e</i>, formerly, a gift of clothes made by the master
to his servants, prop., a thing delivered, fr. <i>livrer</i> to
deliver, L. <i>liberare</i> to set free, in LL., to deliver up. See
<u>Liberate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of delivering possession of lands or
tenements.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The writ by which
possession is obtained.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is usual to say, <i>livery of seizin</i>, which is a
feudal investiture, made by the delivery of a turf, of a rod, or
twig, from the feoffor to the feoffee. In the United States, and now
in Great Britain, no such ceremony is necessary, the delivery of a
deed being sufficient.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Release from wardship;
deliverance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It concerned them first to sue out their <i>livery</i>
from the unjust wardship of his encroaching prerogative.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is delivered out statedly or
formally, as clothing, food, etc.</def>; especially:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The uniform clothing issued by feudal
superiors to their retainers and serving as a badge when in military
service.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The peculiar dress by which
the servants of a nobleman or gentleman are distinguished; as, a
claret-colored <i>livery</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Hence,
also, the peculiar dress or garb appropriated by any association or
body of persons to their own use; as, the <i>livery</i> of the London
tradesmen, of a priest, of a charity school, etc.; also, the whole
body or company of persons wearing such a garb, and entitled to the
privileges of the association; as, the whole <i>livery</i> of
London.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A Haberdasher and a Carpenter,<BR>
A Webbe, a Dyer, and a Tapicer,<BR>
And they were clothed all in one <i>livery</i><BR>
Of a solempne and a gret fraternite.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From the periodical deliveries of these characteristic
articles of servile costume (blue coats) came our word
<i>livery</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Hence, any characteristic dress or
outward appearance.</def> " April's <i>livery</i>."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now came still evening on, and twilight gray<BR>
Had in her sober <i>livery</i> all things clad.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>An allowance of food statedly given out;
a ration, as to a family, to servants, to horses, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The emperor's officers every night went through the
town from house to house whereat any English gentleman did repast or
lodge, and served their <i>liveries</i> for all night: first, the
officers brought into the house a cast of fine manchet [white bread],
and of silver two great pots, and white wine, and sugar.</blockquote>
<i>Cavendish.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>The feeding, stabling, and care of horses
for compensation; boarding; as, to keep one's horses at
<i>livery</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>livery</i> is, we by common use in England
know well enough, namely, that is, allowance of horse meat, as to
keep horses at <i>livery</i>, the which word, I guess, is derived of
livering or delivering forth their nightly food.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It need hardly be observed that the explanation of
<i>livery</i> which Spenser offers is perfectly correct, but . . . it
is no longer applied to the ration or stated portion of food
delivered at stated periods.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>The keeping of horses in readiness to be
hired temporarily for riding or driving; the state of being so
kept.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pegasus does not stand at <i>livery</i> even at the
largest establishment in Moorfields.</blockquote>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A low grade of wool.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Livery gown</b></col>, <cd>the gown worn by a liveryman in
London.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Liv"er*y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clothe in, or
as in, livery.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liv"er*y*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Liverymen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
wears a livery, as a servant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A freeman of the city, in London, who,
having paid certain fees, is entitled to wear the distinguishing
dress or <i>livery</i> of the company to which he belongs, and also
to enjoy certain other privileges, as the right of voting in an
election for the lord mayor, sheriffs, chamberlain, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps a livery stable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liv"er*y sta`ble</hw> (?). <def>A stable where horses are kept
for hire, and where stabling is provided. See <u>Livery</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3 <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> &
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lives</hw> (l&imacr;vz), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Life</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lives</hw> (l&imacr;vz), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [Orig. a
genitive sing. of <i>life</i>.] <def>Alive; living; with life.</def>
[Obs.] " Any <i>lives</i> creature."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liv"id</hw> (l&ibreve;v"&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lividus</i>, from <i>livere</i> to be of a blush color, to be
black and blue: cf. F. <i>livide</i>.] <def>Black and blue; grayish
blue; of a lead color; discolored, as flesh by contusion.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There followed no carbuncles, no purple or
<i>livid</i> spots, the mass of the blood not being
tainted.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Li*vid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lividit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being
livid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Liv"id*ness</hw> (l&ibreve;v"&ibreve;d*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lividity.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liv"ing</hw> (l&ibreve;v"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[From <u>Live</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being alive; having life; as, a <i>living</i>
creature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Active; lively; vigorous; -- said esp. of
states of the mind, and sometimes of abstract things; as, a
<i>living</i> faith; a <i>living</i> principle.</def> " <i>Living</i>
hope. "  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Issuing continually from the earth;
running; flowing; as, a <i>living</i> spring; -- opposed to
<i>stagnant</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Producing life, action, animation, or
vigor; quickening.</def> "<i>Living</i> light."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Ignited; glowing with heat; burning;
live.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then on the <i>living</i> coals wine they
pour.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Living force</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Vis viva</i>, under
<u>Vis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Living gale</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a heavy gale.</cd> -- <col><b>Living</b></col> <col><b>rock or
stone</b></col>, <cd>rock in its native or original state or
location; rock not quarried.</cd> " I now found myself on a rude and
narrow stairway, the steps of which were cut out of the <i>living
rock</i>." <i>Moore.</i> -- <col><b>The living</b></col>, <cd>those
who are alive, or one who is alive.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Liv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state of one who, or that which, lives; lives; life; existence.</def>
"Health and <i>living</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manner of life; as, riotous <i>living</i>;
penurious <i>living</i>; earnest <i>living</i>.</def> " A vicious
<i>living</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Means of subsistence; sustenance;
estate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She can spin for her <i>living</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He divided unto them his <i>living</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Luke xv. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Power of continuing life; the act of
living, or living comfortably.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no <i>living</i> without trusting somebody or
other in some cases.</blockquote> <i>L' Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The benefice of a clergyman; an
ecclesiastical charge which a minister receives.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He could not get a deanery, a prebend, or even a
<i>living</i></blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Livng room</b></col>, <cd>the room most used by the
family.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Liv"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a living
state.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Liv"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being alive; possession of energy or vigor; animation;
quickening.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*vo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Livonia, a district of Russia near the Baltic
Sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li*vo"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or an
inhabitant of Livonia; the langua`e (alli`d to th` Finniso) of the
Livonians.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Li"vor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Malignity.</def> [R.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Li`vrai`son"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>liberatio</i> a setting free, in LL., a delivering up. See
<u>Liberation</u>.] <def>A part of a book or literary composition
printed and delivered by itself; a number; a part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"vre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>libra</i>
a pound of twelve ounces.  Cf. <u>Lira</u>.] <def>A French money of
account, afterward a silver coin equal to 20 sous. It is not now in
use, having been superseded by the franc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lix*iv"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lixivius</i>, fr. <i>lix</i> ashes, lye ashes, lye: cf. F.
<i>lixiviel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Impregnated with, or
consisting of, alkaline salts extracted from wood ashes; impregnated
with a salt or salts like a lixivium.</def>
 <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the color of lye; resembling
lye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having the qualities of alkaline salts
extracted from wood ashes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lixivial salts</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>salts
which are obtained by passing water through ashes, or by pouring it
on them.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lix*iv"i*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Lix*iv"i*`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Lixivium</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to lye or lixivium; of the quality of alkaline
salts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Impregnated with salts from wood
ashes.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lix*iv"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lixiviated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lixiviating</u> (?).] <def>To subject to a washing
process for the purpose of separating soluble material from that
which is insoluble; to leach, as ashes, for the purpose of extracting
the alkaline substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lix*iv`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lixiviation</i>.] <def>Lixiviating; the process of separating a
soluble substance from one that is insoluble, by washing with some
solvent, as water; leaching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lix*iv"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lixivial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lix*iv"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lixivium</i>, <i>lixivia</i>. See <u>Lixivial</u>.] <def>A
solution of alkaline salts extracted from wood ashes; hence, any
solution obtained by lixiviation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lixt</hw> (l&ibreve;kst), obs. <def><pos><i>2d pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Lige</u>, to lie, to tell lies, -- contracted
for <i>ligest</i>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Li"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The American white mullet (<i>Mugil curema</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Liz"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lesarde</i>,
OF. <i>lesarde</i>, F. <i>l&eacute;zard</i>, L. <i>lacerta</i>,
<i>lacertus</i>.  Cf. <u>Alligator</u>, <u>Lacerta</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the
numerous species of reptiles belonging to the order Lacertilia;
sometimes, also applied to reptiles of other orders, as the
Hatteria.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Most lizards have an elongated body, with four legs, and a
long tail; but there are some without legs, and some with a short,
thick tail. Most have scales, but some are naked; most have eyelids,
but some do not. The tongue is varied in form and structure. In some
it is forked, in others, as the chameleons, club-shaped, and very
extensible. See <u>Amphisb&aelig;na</u>, <u>Chameleon</u>,
<u>Gecko</u>, <u>Gila monster</u>, <u>Horned toad</u>, <u>Iguana</u>,
and <u>Dragon</u>, 6.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of rope with
thimble or block spliced into one or both of the ends.</def>  <i>R.
H. Dana, Ir.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of timber with a forked end, used
in dragging a heavy stone, a log, or the like, from a
field.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lizard fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a marine
scopeloid fish of the genus <i>Synodus</i>, or <i>Saurus</i>, esp.
<i>S. f&oelig;tens</i> of the Southern United States and West Indies;
-- called also <i>sand pike</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lizard
snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the garter snake
(<i>Eut&aelig;nia sirtalis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Lizard
stone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a kind of serpentine from near
Lizard Point, Cornwall, England, -- used for ornamental
purposes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Liz"ard's tail`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A perennial plant
of the genus <i>Saururus</i> (<i>S. cernuus</i>), growing in marshes,
and having white flowers crowded in a slender terminal spike,
somewhat resembling in form a lizard's tail; whence the name.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lla"ma</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Peruv.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South American ruminant (<i>Auchenia llama</i>), allied to the
camels, but much smaller and without a hump. It is supposed to be a
domesticated variety of the guanaco. It was formerly much used as a
beast of burden in the Andes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Llan*dei"lo group`</hw>. <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A series of
strata in the lower Silurian formations of Great Britain; -- so named
from <i>Llandeilo</i> in Southern Wales. See <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lla*ne"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. Amer.]
<def>One of the inhabitants of the llanos of South America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lla"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Llanos</b></plw> (#). [Sp., plain even, level. See
<u>Plain</u>.] <def>An extensive plain with or without
vegetation.</def> [Spanish America]</p>

<p><hw>Lloyd's</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An association of underwriters and others in London, for the
collection and diffusion of marine intelligence, the insurance,
classification, registration, and certifying of vessels, and the
transaction of business of various kinds connected with
shipping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part of the Royal Exchange, in London,
appropriated to the use of underwriters and insurance brokers; --
called also <i>Lloyd's Rooms</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is derived from <i>Lloyd's</i> Coffee House, in
Lombard Street, where there were formerly rooms for the same purpose.
The name <i>Lloyd</i> or <i>Lloyd's</i> has been taken by several
associations, in different parts of Europe, established for purposes
similar to those of the original association.</p>

<p><col><b>Lloyd's agents</b></col>, <cd>persons employed in various
parts of the world, by the association called Lloyd's, to serve its
interests.</cd> -- <col><b>Lloyd's list</b></col>, <cd>a publication
of the latest news respecting shipping matters, with lists of
vessels, etc., made under the direction of Lloyd's.</cd> <i>Brande &
C.</i> -- <col><b>Lloyd's register</b></col>, <cd>a register of
vessels rated according to their quality, published yearly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lo</i>,
<i>low</i>; perh. akin to E. <i>look</i>, v.] <def>Look; see; behold;
observe.</def> "<i>Lo</i>, here is Christ." <i>Matt. xxiv. 23.</i>
"<i>Lo</i>, we turn to the Gentiles." <i>Acts xiii. 46.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loach</hw> (l&omacr;ch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>loche</i>, F. <i>loche</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several small, fresh-water, cyprinoid fishes of the genera
<i>Cobitis</i>, <i>Nemachilus</i>, and allied genera, having six or
more barbules around the mouth. They are found in Europe and Asia.
The common European species (<i>N. barbatulus</i>) is used as a food
fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Load</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lode</i> load,
way; properly the same word as <i>lode</i>, but confused with
<i>lade</i>, <i>load</i>, v. See <u>Lade</u>, <u>Lead</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Lode</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A burden;
that which is laid on or put in anything for conveyance; that which
is borne or sustained; a weight; as, a heavy <i>load</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He might such a <i>load</i><BR>
To town with his ass carry.</blockquote> <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quantity which can be carried or drawn
in some specified way; the contents of a cart, barrow, or vessel;
that which will constitute a cargo; lading.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which burdens, oppresses, or grieves
the mind or spirits; as, a <i>load</i> of care.</def> " A . . .
<i>load</i> of guilt." <i>Ray.</i> " Our life's a <i>load</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A particular measure for certain articles,
being as much as may be carried at one time by the conveyance
commonly used for the article measured; as, a <i>load</i> of wood; a
<i>load</i> of hay; specifically, five quarters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The charge of a firearm; as, a <i>load</i>
of powder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Weight or violence of blows.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The work done by a steam
engine or other prime mover when working.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Load line</b></col>, or <col><b>Load water line</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the line on the outside of a vessel indicating
the depth to which it sinks in the water when loaded.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Burden; lading; weight; cargo. See
<u>Burden</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Load</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Loaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Loading</u>. <i>Loaden</i> is obsolete, and <i>laden</i> belongs
to <i>lade</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay a load or burden on
or in, as on a horse or in a cart; to charge with a load, as a gun;
to furnish with a lading or cargo, as a ship; hence, to add weight
to, so as to oppress or embarrass; to heap upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I strive all in vain to <i>load</i> the
cart.</blockquote> <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>loaden</i> me with many spoils.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those honors deep and broad, wherewith<BR>
Your majesty <i>loads</i> our house.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 863 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adulterate or drug; as, to <i>load</i>
wine.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To magnetize.</def>[Obs.]
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Loaded dice</b></col>, <cd>dice with one side made heavier
than the others, so that the number on the opposite side will come up
oftenest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Load"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, loads; a mechanical contrivance for loading, as a
gun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Load"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of putting a load on or into.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A load; cargo; burden.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Load"man*age</hw>, <hw>Lode"man*age</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pilotage; skill of a pilot or
loadsman.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Loads"man</hw>, <hw>Lodes"man</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Load</i>, <i>lode</i> + <i>man.</i> See
<u>Lode</u>.] <def>A pilot.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Load"star`</hw>, <hw>Lode"star`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Load</i>, <i>lode</i> + <i>star.</i>  See
<u>Lode</u>.] <def>A star that leads; a guiding star; esp., the
polestar; the cynosure.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i> " Your eyes are
<i>lodestars</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The pilot can no <i>loadstar</i> see.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Load"stone`</hw>, <hw>Lode"stone</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Load</i>, <i>lode</i> + <i>stone</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A piece of magnetic iron ore possessing polarity
like a magnetic needle. See <u>Magnetite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loaf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Loaves</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>lof</i>, <i>laf</i>, AS.
<i>hl&amacr;f</i>; akin to G. <i>laib</i>, OHG. <i>hleip</i>, Icel.
<i>hleifr</i>, Goth. <i>hlaifs</i>, Russ. <i>khlieb'</i>, Lith.
<i>kl&euml;pas</i>.  Cf. <u>Lady</u>, <u>Lammas</u>, <u>Lord</u>.]
<def>Any thick lump, mass, or cake; especially, a large regularly
shaped or molded mass, as of bread, sugar, or cake.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Loaf sugar</b></col>, <cd>refined sugar that has been
formed into a conical loaf in a mold.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Loaf</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Loafed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Loafing</u>.] [G. <i>laufen</i> to run, Prov. G. <i>loofen</i>.
See <u>Leap</u>.] <def>To spend time in idleness; to lounge or loiter
about.</def> " <i>Loafing</i> vagabonds."  <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loaf</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spend in idleness;
-- with <i>away</i>; as, to <i>loaf</i> time away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loaf"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>l&auml;ufer</i>
a runner, Prov. G. <i>laufer</i>, <i>lofer</i>, fr. <i>laufen</i> to
run. See <u>Leap</u>.] <def>One who loafs; a lazy lounger.</def>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>l&amacr;m</i>;
akin to D. <i>leem</i>, G. <i>lehm</i>, and E. <i>lime</i>. See 4th
<u>Lime</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of soil; an earthy
mixture of clay and sand, with organic matter to which its fertility
is chiefly due.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We wash a wall of <i>loam</i>; we labor in
vain.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A mixture of sand, clay,
and other materials, used in making molds for large castings, often
without a pattern.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Loam mold</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>a mold made
with loam. See <u>Loam</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> --
<col><b>Loam molding</b></col>, <cd>the process or business of making
loam molds.</cd> <col><b>Loam plate</b></col>, <cd>an iron plate upon
which a section of a loam mold rests, or from which it is
suspended.</cd> -- <col><b>Loam work</b></col>, <cd>loam molding or
loam molds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Loam</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Loamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Loaming</u>.] <def>To cover, smear, or fill with loam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loam"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of loam;
partaking of the nature of loam; resembling loam.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loan</hw> (l&omacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lawn</u>.]
<def>A loanin.</def> [Scot.]<BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Loan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lone</i>, <i>lane</i>,
AS. <i>l&amacr;n</i>, <i>l&aelig;n</i>, fr. <i>le&oacute;n</i> to
lend; akin to D. <i>leen</i> loan, fief, G. <i>lehen</i> fief, Icel.
<i>l&amacr;n</i>, G. <i>leihen</i> to lend, OHG. <i>l&imacr;han</i>,
Icel. <i>lj&imacr;</i>, Goth. <i>leihwan</i>, L. <i>linquere</i> to
leave, Gr. <grk>lei`pein</grk>, Skr. <i>ric</i>.  &radic;119.  Cf.
<u>Delinquent</u>, <u>Eclipse</u>, <u>Eleven</u>, <u>Ellipse</u>,
<u>Lend</u>, <u>License</u>, <u>Relic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of lending; a lending; permission to use; as, the
<i>loan</i> of a book, money, services.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which one lends or borrows, esp. a
sum of money lent at interest; as, he repaid the
<i>loan</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Loan office</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An office
at which loans are negotiated, or at which the accounts of loans are
kept, and the interest paid to the lender</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A pawnbroker's shop.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Loan</hw>, <pos><i>n. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Loaned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Loaning</u>.] <def>To lend; -- sometimes with <i>out</i>.</def>
<i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By way of location or <i>loaning</i> them
out.</blockquote> <i>J. Langley (1644).</i></p>

<p><hw>Loan"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as can be
lent; available for lending; as, <i>loanable</i> funds; -- used
mostly in financial business and writings.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Loan"in</hw> (?), <hw>Loan"ing</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From Scotch <i>loan</i>, E. <i>lawn</i>.] <def>An open space between
cultivated fields through which cattle are driven, and where the cows
are sometimes milked; also, a lane.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loan"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dealer in,
or negotiator of, loans.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The millions of the <i>loanmonger</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loath</hw> (l&omacr;th), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>looth</i>, <i>loth</i>, AS. <i>l&amacr;&eth;</i> hostile, odious;
akin to OS. <i>l&amacr;&eth;</i>, G. <i>leid</i>, Icel.
<i>lei&eth;r</i>, Sw. <i>led</i>, G. <i>leiden</i> to suffer, OHG.
<i>l&imacr;dan</i> to suffer, go, cf. AS. <i>l&imacr;&eth;an</i> to
go, Goth. <i>leipan</i>, and E. <i>lead</i> to guide.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hateful; odious; disliked.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Filled with disgust or aversion; averse;
unwilling; reluctant; as, <i>loath</i> to part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full <i>loth</i> were him to curse for his
tithes.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why, then, though <i>loath</i>, yet must I be
content.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loathe</hw> (l&omacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Loathed</u> (l&omacr;&thlig;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Loathing</u>.] [AS.
<i>l&amacr;&eth;ian</i> to hate. See <u>Loath</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel extreme disgust at, or aversion
for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Loathing</i> the honeyed cakes, I Ionged for
bread.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dislike greatly; to abhor; to
hate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The secret which I <i>loathe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>loathes</i> the vital sir.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hate; abhor; detest; abominate. See
<u>Hate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Loathe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To feel disgust or
nausea.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Loath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
loathes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loath"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of loathing; hating; abhorring.</def> "<i>Loathful</i>
eyes."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing a feeling of loathing;
disgusting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Above the reach of <i>loathful</i>, sinful
lust.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loath"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Extreme disgust; a
feeling of aversion, nausea, abhorrence, or detestation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mutual fear and <i>loathing</i> of the hostile
races.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loath"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
loathing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loath"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Loathsomeness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Loath"ly</hw> (l&omacr;&thlig;"l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>l&amacr;&eth;lic</i>.]
<def>Loathsome.</def> [Obs.] " <i>Loathly</i> mouth."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loath"ly</hw> (l&omacr;th"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unwillingly; reluctantly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This shows that you from nature <i>loathly</i>
stray.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> (l&omacr;&thlig;"l&ybreve;) <def>So as to cause
loathing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With dust and blood his locks were <i>loathly</i>
dight.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loath"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unwillingness;
reluctance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A general silence and <i>loathness</i> to
speak.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loath"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fitted to cause
loathing; exciting disgust; disgusting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most <i>loathsome</i> and deadly forms of
infection.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Loath"some*ly</wf>. <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Loath"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Loath"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Loathsome.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loaves</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Loaf</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>llob</i> an unwieldy
lump, a dull fellow, a blockhead.  Cf. <u>Looby</u>, <u>Lubber</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dull, heavy person.</def> " Country
<i>lobs</i>."  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something thick and heavy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lob</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lobbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lobbing</u>.] <def>To let fall heavily or lazily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And their poor jades<BR>
<i>Lob</i> down their heads.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To lob a ball</b></col> <i>(Lawn Tennis)</i>, <cd>to
strike a ball so as to send it up into the air.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lob</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>See
<u>Cob</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Lob</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. <i>lubbe</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European pollock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"bar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a lobe; characterized by, or like, a lobe or lobes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lo"bate</hw> (?), <hw>Lo"ba*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lobe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Consisting of, or having, lobes; lobed; as, a
<i>lobate</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Having lobes; -- said of the tails of certain fishes having the
integument continued to the bases of the fin rays.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Furnished with membranous flaps, as the toes
of a coot. See <i>Illust.</i> <i>(m)</i> under <u>Aves</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"bate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As a lobe; so
as to make a lobe; in a lobate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lob"bish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a lob;
consisting of lobs.</def>  <i>Sir. P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lob"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lobbies</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>lobium</i>, <i>lobia</i>,
<i>laubia</i>, a covered portico fit for walking, fr. OHG.
<i>louba</i>, G. <i>laube</i>, arbor. See <u>Lodge</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A passage or hall of
communication, especially when large enough to serve also as a
waiting room. It differs from an <i>antechamber</i> in that a
<i>lobby</i> communicates between several rooms, an
<i>antechamber</i> to one only; but this distinction is not carefully
preserved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of a hall of legislation not
appropriated to the official use of the assembly; hence, the persons,
collectively, who frequent such a place to transact business with the
legislators; any persons, not members of a legislative body, who
strive to influence its proceedings by personal agency.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An apartment or passageway
in the fore part of an old-fashioned cabin under the quarter-
deck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A confined place for
cattle, formed by hedges. trees, or other fencing, near the
farmyard.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lobby member</b></col>, <cd>a lobbyist.</cd> [Humorous
cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Lob"by</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lobbied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lobbying</u>.] <def>To address or solicit members of a legislative
body in the lobby or elsewhere, with the purpose to influence their
votes.</def>[U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lob"by</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To urge the adoption
or passage of by soliciting members of a legislative body; as, to
<i>lobby</i> a bill.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Lob"by*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of the
lobby; a person who solicits members of a legislature for the purpose
of influencing legislation.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Lob"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dull, sluggish
person; a lubber; a lob.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Lobe</hw> (l&omacr;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lobe</i>,
Gr. <grk>lobo`s</grk>.] <def>Any projection or division, especially
one of a somewhat rounded form</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A rounded projection or division of a leaf.</def>
<i>Gray.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd><i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A membranous
flap on the sides of the toes of certain birds, as the coot.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A round projecting part of an
organ, as of the liver, lungs, brain, etc. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Brain</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The
projecting part of a cam wheel or of a non-circular gear
wheel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lobe of the ear</b></col>, <cd>the soft, fleshy prominence
in which the human ear terminates below. See. <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Ear</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lobed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having lobes;
lobate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lobe"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bird having lobate toes; esp., a phalarope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lobe"-foot`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Lobiped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lobe"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small lobe; a lobule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*be"li*a</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So called
from <i>Lobel</i>, botanist to King James I.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of plants, including a great number of species. <i>Lobelia
inflata</i>, or Indian tobacco, is an annual plant of North America,
whose leaves contain a poisonous white viscid juice, of an acrid
taste. It has often been used in medicine as an emetic, expectorant,
etc. <i>L. cardinalis</i> is the cardinal flower, remarkable for the
deep and vivid red color of its flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*be`li*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants of which the genus
<i>Lobelia</i> is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*be"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
yellowish green resin from <i>Lobelia</i>, used as an emetic and
diaphoretic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*be"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A poisonous narcotic alkaloid extracted from the leaves of
Indian tobacco (<i>Lobelia inflata</i>) as a yellow oil, having a
tobaccolike taste and odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"bi*ped</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lobe</i> + L.
<i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having
lobate toes, as a coot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lob"lol`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>Gruel; porridge; -- so called among seamen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Loblolly bay</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an elegant
white-flowered evergreen shrub or small tree, of the genus
<i>Gordonia</i> (<i>G. Lasianthus</i>), growing in the maritime parts
of the Southern United States. Its bark is sometimes used in tanning.
Also, a similar West Indian tree (<i>Laplacea
h&aelig;matoxylon</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Loblolly boy</b></col>, <cd>a
surgeon's attendant on shipboard.</cd> <i>Smollett.</i> --
<col><b>Loblolly pine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of pitch
pine found from Delaware southward along the coast; old field pine
(<i>Pinus T&aelig;da</i>). Also, <i>P. Bahamensis</i>, of the West
Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Loblolly tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
name of several West Indian trees, having more or less leathery
foliage, but alike in no other respect; as <i>Pisonia subcordata</i>,
<i>Cordia alba</i>, and <i>Cupania glabra</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Lo*bo"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Lobe</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of Rhizopoda, in
which the pseudopodia are thick and irregular in form, as in the
<i>Am&oelig;ba</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lob"scouse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>lobscourse</i> from which <i>lobscouse</i> is corrupted.]
[<i>Lob</i> + <i>course</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A combination of
meat with vegetables, bread, etc., usually stewed, sometimes baked;
an olio.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lob"sid`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lopsided</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lobs"pound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lob</i> +
<i>pound</i> a prison.] <def>A prison.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lob"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>loppestre</i>,
<i>lopystre</i> prob., corrupted fr. L. <i>locusta</i> a marine
shellfish, a kind of lobster, a locust.  Cf. <u>Locust</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large macrurous crustacean used as food,
esp. those of the genus <i>Homarus</i>; as the American lobster
(<i>H. Americanus</i>), and the European lobster (<i>H.
vulgaris</i>). The Norwegian lobster (<i>Nephrops Norvegicus</i>) is
similar in form. All these have a pair of large unequal claws. The
spiny lobsters of more southern waters, belonging to
<i>Palinurus</i>, <i>Panulirus</i>, and allied genera, have no large
claws. The fresh-water crayfishes are sometimes called
<i>lobsters</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lobster caterpillar</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
caterpillar of a European bombycid moth (<i>Stauropus fagi</i>); --
so called from its form.</cd> <col><b>Lobster louse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a copepod crustacean (<i>Nicotho&euml;
astaci</i>) parasitic on the gills of the European lobster.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lob"u*lar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lobulaire</i>.] <def>Like a lobule; pertaining to a lobule or
lobules.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lob"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Lob"u*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made up of, or divided into, lobules; as, a
<i>lobulated</i> gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lob"ule</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>lobule</i>, dim.
of <i>lobe</i>. See <u>Lobe</u>.] <def>A small lobe; a subdivision of
a lobe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lobule of the ear</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Lobe of the ear</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lob`u*lette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>lobule</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A little lobule, or subdivision
of a lobule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lob"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The lugworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>localis</i>, fr.
<i>locus</i> place: cf. F. <i>local</i>. See <u>Lieu</u>,
<u>Locus</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a particular place, or to a
definite region or portion of space; restricted to one place or
region; as, a <i>local</i> custom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gives to airy nothing<BR>
A <i>local</i> habitation and a name.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Local actions</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>actions such as
must be brought in a particular county, where the cause arises; --
distinguished from <i>transitory actions</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Local
affection</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a disease or ailment confined
to a particular part or organ, and not directly affecting the
system.</cd> -- <col><b>Local attraction</b></col>
<i>(Magnetism)</i>, <cd>an attraction near a compass, causing its
needle to deviate from its proper direction, especially on
shipboard.</cd> -- <col><b>Local battery</b></col> <i>(Teleg.)</i>,
<cd>the battery which actuates the recording instruments of a
telegraphic station, as distinguished from the battery furnishing a
current for the line.</cd> -- <col><b>Local circuit</b></col>
<i>(Teleg.)</i>, <cd>the circuit of the local battery.</cd> --
<col><b>Local color</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Paint.)</i>
<cd>The color which belongs to an object, and is not caused by
accidental influences, as of reflection, shadow, etc.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Literature)</i> <cd>Peculiarities of the
place and its inhabitants where the scene of an action or story is
laid.</cd> -- <col><b>Local option</b></col>, <cd>the right or
obligation of determining by popular vote within certain districts,
as in each county, city, or town, whether the sale of alcoholic
beverages within the district shall be allowed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lo"cal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A train which receives and deposits passengers
or freight along the line of the road; a train for the accommodation
of a certain district.</def> [U.S.]
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>On newspaper cant, an item of news
relating to the place where the paper is published.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Lo`cale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>local</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place, spot, or location.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A principle, practice, form of speech, or
other thing of local use, or limited to a locality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"cal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being local; affection for a particular
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A method of speaking or acting peculiar to
a certain district; a local idiom or phrase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Localitiees</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>localitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>localit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state, or
condition, of belonging to a definite place, or of being contained
within definite limits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is thought that the soul and angels are devoid of
quantity<BR>
and dimension, and that they have nothing to do with grosser
<i>locality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><! p. 864 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Position; situation; a place; a spot;
esp., a geographical place or situation, as of a mineral or
plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Limitation to a county, district, or
place; as, <i>locality</i> of trial.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>The perceptive faculty
concerned with the ability to remember the relative positions of
places.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo`cal*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>localisation</i>.] <def>Act of localizing, or state of being
localized.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cerebral localization</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the
localization of the control of special functions, as of sight or of
the various movements of the body, in special regions of the
brain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lo"cal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Localized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Localizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>localiser</i>. See
<u>Local</u>.] <def>To make local; to fix in, or assign to, a
definite place.</def>  <i>H. Spencer. Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lo"cal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With respect to
place; in place; as, to be <i>locally</i> separated or
distant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Located</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Locating</u>.] [L. <i>locatus</i>, p. p. of <i>locare</i> to
place, fr. <i>locus</i> place. See <u>Local</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To place; to set in a particular spot or position.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The captives and emigrants whom he brought with him
were <i>located</i> in the trans-Tiberine quarter.</blockquote> <i>B.
F. Westcott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To designate the site or place of; to
define the limits of; as, to <i>locate</i> a public building; to
<i>locate</i> a mining claim; to <i>locate</i> (the land granted by)
a land warrant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That part of the body in which the sense of touch is
<i>located</i>.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lo"cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To place one's
self; to take up one's residence; to settle.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Lo*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>locatio</i>,
fr. <i>locare</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of locating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Situation; place; locality.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is located; a tract of land
designated in place.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Civil
Law)</i> <def>A leasing on rent.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Scots
Law)</i> <def>A contract for the use of a thing, or service of a
person, for hire.</def> <i>Wharton.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Amer.
Law)</i> <def>The marking out of the boundaries, or identifying the
place or site of, a piece of land, according to the description given
in an entry, plan, map, etc.</def>  <i>Burrill. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loc"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>Indicating place, or the place where, or wherein; as, a
<i>locative</i> adjective; <i>locative</i> case of a noun.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The locative case.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"ca*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who locates,
or is entitled to locate, land or a mining claim.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Lo*cel"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>locellus</i>
a compartment, dim. of <i>locus</i> a place.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Divided into secondary compartments or cells, as where one
cavity is separated into several smaller ones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loch</hw> (l&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. &amp; Olr.
<i>loch</i>. See <u>Lake</u> of water.] <def>A lake; a bay or arm of
the sea.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Loch</hw> (l&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>looch</i>,
Ar. <i>la'&umacr;g</i>, an electuary, or any medicine which may be
licked or sucked, fr. <i>la'&umacr;q</i> to lick.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A kind of medicine to be taken by licking with the tongue; a
lambative; a lincture.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Loch*a"ber ax"</hw>, <hw>Loch*a"ber axe"</hw>  } (?). [So
called from <i>Lochaber</i>, in Scotland.] <def>A weapon of war,
consisting of a pole armed with an axhead at its end, formerly used
by the Scotch Highlanders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loch"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?;.] <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>An officer who commanded a company; a captain.</def>
<i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loch"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. See 1st
<u>Loch</u>.] <def>A small lake; a pond.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A pond or <i>lochan</i> rather than a
lake.</blockquote> <i>H. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Loach</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lo*chi"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?;, pl., fr. &?; belonging to childbirth, &?; a lying in,
childbirth.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The discharge from the womb and
vagina which follows childbirth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lochial</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the lochia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>locc</i>; akin to
D. <i>lok</i>, G. <i>locke</i>, OHG. loc, Icel. <i>lokkr</i>, and
perh. to Gr. &?; to bend, twist.] <def>A tuft of hair; a flock or
small quantity of wool, hay, or other like substance; a tress or
ringlet of hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These gray <i>locks</i>, the pursuivants of
death.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>loc</i> inclosure, an
inclosed place, the fastening of a door, fr. <i>l&umacr;can</i> to
lock, fasten; akin to OS. <i>l&umacr;kan</i> (in comp.), D.
<i>luiken</i>, OHG. <i>l&umacr;hhan</i>, Icel. <i>l&?;ka</i>, Goth.
<i>l&umacr;kan</i> (in comp.); cf. Skr. <i>ruj</i> to break.  Cf.
<u>Locket</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything that fastens;
specifically, a fastening, as for a door, a lid, a trunk, a drawer,
and the like, in which a bolt is moved by a key so as to hold or to
release the thing fastened.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fastening together or interlacing; a
closing of one thing upon another; a state of being fixed or
immovable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Albemarle Street closed by a <i>lock</i> of
carriages.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place from which egress is prevented, as
by a lock.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The barrier or works which confine the
water of a stream or canal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure in a canal with gates at each
end, used in raising or lowering boats as they pass from one level to
another; -- called also <i>lift lock</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That part or apparatus of a firearm by
which the charge is exploded; as, a match<i>lock</i>,
flint<i>lock</i>, percussion <i>lock</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A device for keeping a wheel from
turning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A grapple in wrestling.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Detector lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock containing a
contrivance for showing whether it as has been tampered with.</cd> --
<col><b>Lock bay</b></col> <i>(Canals)</i>, <cd>the body of water in
a lock chamber.</cd> -- <col><b>Lock chamber</b></col>, <cd>the
inclosed space between the gates of a canal lock.</cd> --
<col><b>Lock nut</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Check nut</i>, under
<u>Check</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lock plate</b></col>, <cd>a plate to
which the mechanism of a gunlock is attached.</cd> -- <col><b>Lock
rail</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>in ordinary paneled doors, the
rail nearest the lock.</cd> <col><b>Lock rand</b></col>
<i>(Masonry)</i>, <cd>a range of bond stone.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Mortise lock</b></col>, <cd>a door lock inserted in a
mortise.</cd> -- <col><b>Rim lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock fastened to
the face of a door, thus differing from a <i>mortise
lock</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Locked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Locking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten with a lock, or as
with a lock; to make fast; to prevent free movement of; as, to
<i>lock</i> a door, a carriage wheel, a river, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prevent ingress or access to, or exit
from, by fastening the lock or locks of; -- often with <i>up</i>; as,
to <i>lock</i> or <i>lock up</i>, a house, jail, room, trunk.
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fasten in or out, or to make secure by
means of, or as with, locks; to confine, or to shut in or out --
often with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>lock</i> one's self in a room; to
<i>lock</i> up the prisoners; to <i>lock</i> up one's silver; to
<i>lock</i> intruders out of the house; to <i>lock</i> money into a
vault; to <i>lock</i> a child in one's arms; to <i>lock</i> a secret
in one's breast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To link together; to clasp closely; as, to
<i>lock</i> arms.</def> " <i>Lock</i> hand in hand."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Canals)</i> <def>To furnish with locks;
also, to raise or lower (a boat) in a lock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Fencing)</i> <def>To seize, as the sword
arm of an antagonist, by turning the left arm around it, to disarm
him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become fast, as
by means of a lock or by interlacing; as, the door <i>locks</i>
close.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When it <i>locked</i> none might through it
pass.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To lock into</b></col>, <cd>to fit or slide into; as, they
<i>lock into</i> each other.</cd>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lock"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Materials for locks in a canal, or the works forming a lock or
locks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Toll paid for passing the locks of a
canal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Amount of elevation and descent made by
the locks of a canal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The entire <i>lock</i> will be about fifty
feet.</blockquote> <i>De Witt Clinton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lock"-down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contrivance
to fasten logs together in rafting; -- used by lumbermen.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Locked"-jaw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lockjaw</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lock"en</hw> (?), obs.  <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Lock</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lock"en</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
globeflower (<i>Trollius</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Lock"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, locks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A drawer, cupboard, compartment, or chest,
esp. one in a ship, that may be closed with a lock.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chain locker</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a compartment
in the hold of a vessel, for holding the chain cables.</cd> --
<col><b>Davy Jones's locker</b></col>, or <col><b>Davy's
locker</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Davy Jones</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shot
locker</b></col>, <cd>a compartment where shot are deposited.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lock"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>loquet</i>
latch, dim. of OF. <i>loc</i> latch, lock; of German origin. See
<u>Lock</u> a fastening.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small lock; a catch or spring to fasten
a necklace or other ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A little case for holding a miniature or
lock of hair, usually suspended from a necklace or watch
chain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lock" hos"pi*tal</hw> (?). <def>A hospital for the treatment
of venereal diseases.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lock"jaw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
contraction of the muscles of the jaw by which its motion is
suspended; a variety of tetanus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lock"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
lock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lock"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A public
executioner.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Lock"out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The closing of a
factory or workshop by an employer, usually in order to bring the
workmen to satisfactory terms by a suspension of wages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lock"ram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>locrenan</i>,
<i>locronan</i>; from <i>Locronan</i>, in Brittany, where it is said
to have been made.] <def>A kind of linen cloth anciently used in
England, originally imported from Brittany.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lock"smith`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An artificer
whose occupation is to make or mend locks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lock" step`</hw> (?). <def>A mode of marching by a body of men
going one after another as closely as possible, in which the leg of
each moves at the same time with the corresponding leg of the person
before him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lock" stitch`</hw> (?). <def>A peculiar sort of stitch formed
by the locking of two threads together, as in the work done by some
sewing machines. See <u>Stitch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lock"up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where
persons under arrest are temporarily locked up; a
watchhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lock"-weir`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A waste weir
for a canal, discharging into a lock chamber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lock"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having locks or
tufts.</def> [R.]  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lo"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A direction in written or printed music to return to the proper
pitch after having played an octave higher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"co</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>loco</i> insane.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant (<i>Astragalus Hornii</i>) growing in the
Southwestern United States, which is said to poison horses and
cattle, first making them insane. The name is also given vaguely to
several other species of the same genus. Called also <i>loco
weed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo`co*fo"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain
etymol.; perh. for L. <i>loco foci</i> instead of fire; or, according
to Bartlett, it was called so from a self-lighting cigar, with a
match composition at the end, invented in 1834 by John Marck of New
York, and called by him <i>locofoco cigar</i>, in imitation of the
word <i>locomotive</i>, which by the uneducated was supposed to mean,
self-moving.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A friction match.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A nickname formerly given to a member of
the Democratic party.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p>&fist; The name was first applied, in 1834, to a portion of the
Democratic party, because, at a meeting in Tammany Hall, New York, in
which there was great diversity of sentiment, the chairman left his
seat, and the lights were extinguished, for the purpose of dissolving
the meeting; when those who were opposed to an adjournment produced
<i>locofoco</i> matches, rekindled the lights, continued the meeting,
and accomplished their object.</p>

<p><hw>Lo`co*mo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>locus</i>
place +  <i>motio</i> motion: cf. F. <i>locomotion</i>. See
<u>Local</u>, and <u>Motion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
moving from place to place.</def> " Animal <i>locomotion</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power of moving from place to place,
characteristic of the higher animals and some of the lower forms of
plant life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"co*mo`tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>locomotif</i>. See <u>Locomotion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moving from place to place; changing place, or able to change
place; as, a <i>locomotive</i> animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Used in producing motion; as, the
<i>locomotive</i> organs of an animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"co*mo`tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A locomotive
engine; a self-propelling wheel carriage, especially one which bears
a steam boiler and one or more steam engines which communicate motion
to the wheels and thus propel the carriage, -- used to convey goods
or passengers, or to draw wagons, railroad cars, etc. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Consolidation locomotive</b></col>, <cd>a locomotive
having four pairs of connected drivers.</cd> -- <col><b>Locomotive
car</b></col>, <cd>a locomotive and a car combined in one vehicle; a
dummy engine.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Locomotive engine</b></col>.
<cd>Same as <u>Locomotive</u>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Mogul
locomotive</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Mogul</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lo"co*mo`tive*ness</hw> (?), <hw>Lo`co*mo*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>locomotivit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
power of changing place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo`co*mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Locomotion</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to movement or
locomotion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Locomotor ataxia</b></col>, or <col><b>Progressive
locomotor ataxy</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a disease of the spinal
cord characterized by peculiar disturbances of gait, and difficulty
in co&ouml;rdinating voluntary movements.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Loc"u*la*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>loculamentum</i> case, box, fr. <i>loculus</i> a compartment, dim.
of <i>locus</i> place.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The cell of a pericarp in
which the seed is lodged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>locularis</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or relating to the cell or
compartment of an ovary, etc.; in composition, having cells; as
tri<i>locular</i>.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loc"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>loculatus</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided into
compartments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loc"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>locule</i>.
See <u>Loculus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A little hollow; a
loculus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loc"u*li*ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>loculus</i> cell + <i>caedere</i> to cut: cf. F.
<i>loculicide</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Dehiscent through the middle
of the back of each cell; -- said of capsules.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Loc"u*lose`</hw> (?), <hw>Loc"u*lous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>loculosus</i>. See <u>Loculament</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided by internal partitions into cells, as the
pith of the pokeweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loc"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Loculi</b></plw> (#). [L., little place, a compartment.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the spaces between
the septa in the Anthozoa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the compartments of a
several-celled ovary; loculament.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lo"cum te"nens</hw> (?). [L., holding the place;
<i>locus</i> place + <i>tenens</i>, p. pr. of <i>tenere</i> to hold.
Cf. <u>Lieutenant</u>.] <def>A substitute or deputy; one filling an
office for a time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Loci</b></plw> (#), &amp; <plw><b>Loca</b></plw> (#). [L., place.
Cf. <u>Allow</u>, <u>Couch</u>, <u>Lieu</u>, <u>Local</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place; a locality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The line traced by a point
which varies its position according to some determinate law; the
surface described by a point or line that moves according to a given
law.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plane locus</b></col>, <cd>a locus that is a straight
line, or a circle.</cd> -- <col><b>Solid locus</b></col>, <cd>a locus
that is one of the conic sections.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lo"cust</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>locusta</i>
locust, grasshopper.  Cf. <u>Lobster</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of long-winged,
migratory, orthopterous insects, of the family <i>Acridid&aelig;</i>,
allied to the grasshoppers; esp., (<i>Edipoda, or Pachytylus,
migratoria</i>, and <i>Acridium perigrinum</i>, of Southern Europe,
Asia, and Africa. In the United States the related species with
similar habits are usually called <i>grasshoppers</i>. See
<u>Grasshopper</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; These insects are at times so numerous in Africa and the
south of Asia as to devour every green thing; and when they migrate,
they fly in an immense cloud. In the United States the harvest flies
are improperly called <i>locusts</i>. See <u>Cicada</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Locust beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
longicorn beetle (<i>Cyllene robini&aelig;</i>), which, in the larval
state, bores holes in the wood of the locust tree. Its color is
brownish black, barred with yellow. Called also <i>locust
borer</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Locust bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>the rose-colored starling or pastor of India. See
<u>Pastor</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Locust hunter</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an African bird; the beefeater.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Etymol. uncertain.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
locust tree. See <u>Locust Tree</u> (definition, note, and
phrases).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Locust bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a commercial name
for the sweet pod of the carob tree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lo*cus"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf.
<i>locuste</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The spikelet or flower cluster of
grasses.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lo`cus*tel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>locusta</i> a locust.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
cricket warbler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*cus"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, the locust; -- formerly used to
designate a supposed acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"cust*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Swarming
and devastating like locusts.</def> [R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lo"cust tree`</hw> (?). [Etymol. uncertain.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A large North American tree of the genus <i>Robinia</i> (<i>R.
Pseudacacia</i>), producing large slender racemes of white, fragrant,
papilionaceous flowers, and often cultivated as an ornamental tree.
In England it is called <i>acacia</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to other trees of different
genera, especially to those of the genus <i>Hymen&aelig;a</i>, of
which <i>H. Courbaril</i> is a lofty, spreading tree of South
America; also to the carob tree (<i>Ceratonia siliqua</i>), a tree
growing in the Mediterranean region.</p>

<p><col><b>Honey locust tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree of
the genus <i>Gleditschia</i> ) <i>G. triacanthus</i>), having pinnate
leaves and strong branching thorns; -- so called from a sweet pulp
found between the seeds in the pods. Called also simply <i>honey
locust</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Water locust tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small swamp tree (<i>Gleditschia
monosperma</i>), of the Southern United States.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 865 !></p>

<p><hw>Lo*cu"tion</hw> (l&osl;*k&umacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>locutio</i>, fr. <i>loqui</i> to speak:
cf. F. <i>locution</i>. ] <def>Speech or discourse; a phrase; a form
or mode of expression.</def> " Stumbling <i>locutions</i>."  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I hate these figures in <i>locution</i>,<BR>
These about phrases forced by ceremony.</blockquote>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loc"u*to*ry</hw> (l&obreve;k"&usl;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room for conversation; especially, a room
in monasteries, where the monks were allowed to converse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lod"de</hw> (l&obreve;d'd&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The capelin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>l&amacr;d</i> way,
journey, fr. <i>l&imacr;&eth;an</i> to go. See <u>Lead</u> to guide,
and cf. <u>Load</u> a burden.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A water course
or way; a reach of water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Down that long, dark <i>lode</i> . . .  he and his
brother skated home in triumph.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A metallic vein; any
regular vein or course, whether metallic or not.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lode"man*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>lodemenage</i>. <i>Chaucer</i>.] <def>Pilotage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lode"-ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old name
for a pilot boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lodes"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Loadsman</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lode"star`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Loadstar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lode"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Loadstone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lodge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>loge</i>,
<i>logge</i>, F. <i>loge</i>, LL. <i>laubia</i> porch, gallery, fr.
OHG. <i>louba</i>, G. <i>laube</i>, arbor, bower, fr. <i>lab</i>
foliage. See <u>Leaf</u>, and cf. <u>Lobby</u>, <u>Loggia</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shelter in which one may rest;</def> as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A shed; a rude cabin; a hut; as, an Indian's
<i>lodge</i>.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>lodges</i> and their tentis up they gan bigge
[to build].</blockquote> <i>Robert of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O for a <i>lodge</i> in some vast
wilderness!</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small dwelling house, as for a
gamekeeper or gatekeeper of an estate.</def> <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A den or cave.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>The meeting room of an association; hence, the regularly
constituted body of members which meets there; as, a masonic
<i>lodge</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The chamber of an abbot,
prior, or head of a college.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The space at the mouth of
a level next the shaft, widened to permit wagons to pass, or ore to
be deposited for hoisting; -- called also <i>platt</i>.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A collection of objects lodged
together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Maldives, a famous <i>lodge</i> of
islands.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A family of North American Indians, or the
persons who usually occupy an Indian lodge, -- as a unit of
enumeration, reckoned from four to six persons; as, the tribe
consists of about two hundred <i>lodges</i>, that is, of about a
thousand individuals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lodge gate</b></col>, <cd>a park gate, or entrance gate,
near the lodge. See <u>Lodge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lodge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lodged</u> (l&obreve;jd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lodging</u> (l&obreve;j"&ibreve;ng).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rest or remain a lodge house, or other
shelter; to rest; to stay; to abide; esp., to sleep at night; as, to
<i>lodge</i> in York Street.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Stay and <i>lodge</i> by me this night.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Something holy <i>lodges</i> in that
breast.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fall or lie down, as grass or grain,
when overgrown or beaten down by the wind.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come to a rest; to stop and remain; as,
the bullet <i>lodged</i> in the bark of a tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lodge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>loggen</i>, OF.
<i>logier</i>, F. <i>loger</i>. See <u>Lodge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give shelter or
rest to; especially, to furnish a sleeping place for; to harbor; to
shelter; hence, to receive; to hold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every house was proud to <i>lodge</i> a
knight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The memory can <i>lodge</i> a greater store of images
than all the senses can present at one time.</blockquote>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive to shelter; to track to
covert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The deer is <i>lodged</i>; I have tracked her to her
covert.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deposit for keeping or preservation;
as, the men <i>lodged</i> their arms in the arsenal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to stop or rest in; to
implant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>lodged</i> an arrow in a tender
breast.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To lay down; to prostrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though bladed corn be <i>lodged</i>, and trees blown
down.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To lodge an information</b></col>, <cd>to enter a formal
complaint.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lodge"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>logeable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That may be or can be
lodged; as, so many persons are not <i>lodgeable</i> in this
village.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of affording lodging; fit for
lodging in.</def> [R.] " The <i>lodgeable</i> area of the earth."
<i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lodged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Lying
down; -- used of beasts of the chase, as <i>couchant</i> is of beasts
of prey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lodge"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lodgment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lodg"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, lodges; one who occupies a hired room in another's
house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lodg"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, lodges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of rest, or of temporary
habitation; esp., a sleeping apartment; -- often in the plural with a
singular meaning.</def>  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wits take <i>lodgings</i> in the sound of
Bow.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Abiding place; harbor; cover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair bosom . . . the <i>lodging</i> of
delight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lodging house</b></col>, <cd>a house where lodgings are
provided and let.</cd> -- <col><b>Lodging room</b></col>, <cd>a room
in which a person lodges, esp. a hired room.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lodg"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>lodgement</i>.] [Cf. F. <i>logement</i>. See <u>Lodge</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of lodging, or
the state of being lodged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any particle which is of size enough to make a
<i>lodgment</i> afterwards in the small arteries.</blockquote>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lodging place; a room.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An accumulation or collection of something
deposited in a place or remaining at rest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The occupation and holding
of a position, as by a besieging party; an instrument thrown up in a
captured position; as, to effect a <i>lodgment</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lod"i*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lodicula</i>.
dim, of <i>lodix</i>, <i>lodicis</i>, a coverlet: cf. F.
<i>lodicule</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the two or three delicate
membranous scales which are next to the stamens in grasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loel"ling*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>L&ouml;lling</i>, in Austria.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A tin-white
arsenide of iron, isomorphous with arsenopyrite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>l&ouml;ss</i>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A quaternary deposit, usually consisting of a
fine yellowish earth, on the banks of the Rhine and other large
rivers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loev"en's lar"va</hw> (?). [Named after the Swedish
zo&ouml;logist, S. F. <i>L&ouml;ven</i>, who discovered it.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The peculiar larva of Polygordius. See
<u>Polygordius</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loffe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To laugh.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>lopt</i> air,
heaven, loft, upper room; akin to AS. <i>lyft</i> air, G.
<i>luft</i>, Dan. <i>loft</i> loft, Goth. <i>luftus</i> air.  Cf.
<u>Lift</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <def>That
which is lifted up; an elevation.</def> Hence, especially:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The room or space under a roof and above the
ceiling of the uppermost story.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
gallery or raised apartment in a church, hall, etc.; as, an organ
<i>loft</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A floor or room placed
above another; a story.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eutychus . . . fell down from the third
<i>loft</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xx. 9.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On loft</b></col>, <cd>aloft; on high.  Cf.
<u>Onloft</u>.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loft</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lofty; proud.</def> [R. &
Obs.]  <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loft"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From
<u>Lofty</u>.] <def>In a lofty manner or position;
haughtily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loft"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being lofty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loft"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Loftier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Loftiest</u>.] [From <u>Loft</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lifted high up; having great height;
towering; high.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See <i>lofty</i> Lebanon his head
advance.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Elevated in character, rank,
dignity, spirit, bearing, language, etc.; exalted; noble; stately;
characterized by pride; haughty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The high and <i>lofty</i> One, that inhabiteth
eternity.</blockquote> <i>Is. lvii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Lofty</i> and sour to them that loved him
not</blockquote>. <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Himself to sing, and build the <i>lofty</i>
rhyme.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tall; high; exalted; dignified; stately; majestic;
sublime; proud; haughty. See <u>Tall</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Log</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>l&omacr;g</i>.]
<def>A Hebrew measure of liquids, containing 2.37 gills.</def>  <i>W.
H. Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Log</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>l&amacr;g</i> a
felled tree, log; akin to E. <i>lie</i>. See <u>Lie</u> to lie
prostrate.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bulky piece of wood which has
not been shaped by hewing or sawing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Prob. the same word as in sense 1; cf. LG.
<i>log</i>, <i>lock</i>, Dan. <i>log</i>, Sw. <i>logg</i>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An apparatus for measuring the rate of a ship's
motion through the water.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>common log</i> consists of the <i>log-chip</i>, or
<i>logship</i>, often exclusively called the <i>log</i>, and the
<i>log line</i>, the former being commonly a thin wooden quadrant of
five or six inches radius, loaded with lead on the arc to make it
float with the point up. It is attached to the log line by cords from
each corner. This line is divided into equal spaces, called
<i>knots</i>, each bearing the same proportion to a mile that half a
minute does to an hour. The line is wound on a reel which is so held
as to let it run off freely. When the log is thrown, the log-chip is
kept by the water from being drawn forward, and the speed of the ship
is shown by the number of knots run out in half a minute. There are
improved logs, consisting of a piece of mechanism which, being towed
astern, shows the distance actually gone through by the ship, by
means of the revolutions of a fly, which are registered on a dial
plate.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: The record of the rate of ship's
speed or of her daily progress; also, the full nautical record of a
ship's cruise or voyage; a log slate; a log book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A record and tabulated statement of the
work done by an engine, as of a steamship, of the coal consumed, and
of other items relating to the performance of machinery during a
given time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A weight or block near the
free end of a hoisting rope to prevent it from being drawn through
the sheave.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Log board</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a board consisting
of two parts shutting together like a book, with columns in which are
entered the direction of the wind, course of the ship, etc., during
each hour of the day and night. These entries are transferred to the
log book. A folding slate is now used instead.</cd> -- <col><b>Log
book</b></col>, or <col><b>Logbook</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
book in which is entered the daily progress of a ship at sea, as
indicated by the log, with notes on the weather and incidents of the
voyage; the contents of the log board.</cd> <col><b>Log
cabin</b></col>, <col><b>Log house</b></col>, <cd>a cabin or house
made of logs.</cd> -- <col><b>Log canoe</b></col>, <cd>a canoe made
by shaping and hollowing out a single log.</cd> -- <col><b>Log
glass</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a small sandglass used to time
the running out of the log line.</cd> -- <col><b>Log line</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a line or cord about a hundred and fifty fathoms
long, fastened to the log-chip. See Note under 2d <u>Log</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Log perch</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an ethiostomoid fish, or darter (<i>Percina
caprodes</i>); -- called also <i>hogfish</i> and
<i>rockfish</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Log reel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>the reel on which the log line is wound.</cd> -- <col><b>Log
slate</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See <i>Log board</i>
(above).</cd> -- <col><b>Rough log</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
first draught of a record of the cruise or voyage.</cd> --
<col><b>Smooth log</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a clean copy of the
rough log. In the case of naval vessels this copy is forwarded to the
proper officer of the government.</cd> -- <col><b>To heave the
log</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to cast the log-chip into the
water; also, the whole process of ascertaining a vessel's speed by
the log.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Log</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Logged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Logging</u> (?).] <i>(Naut.)</i>, <def>To enter in a ship's log
book; as, to <i>log</i> the miles run.</def>  <i>J. F. Cooper.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Log</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
engage in the business of cutting or transporting logs for timber; to
get out logs.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move to and fro; to rock.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Log"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rocking or
balanced stone.</def>  <i>Gwill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Log`a*&oelig;d"ic</hw>
(l&obreve;g`&adot;*&ebreve;d"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>logaoidiko`s</grk>; <grk>lo`gos</grk> discourse, prose +
<grk>'aoidh`</grk> song.] <i>(Gr. Pros.)</i> <def>Composed of dactyls
and trochees so arranged as to produce a movement like that of
ordinary speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"a*rithm</hw> (l&obreve;g"&adot;*r&ibreve;&thlig;'m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>lo`gos</grk> word, account, proportion
+ <grk>'ariqmo`s</grk> number: cf. F. <i>logarithme</i>.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>One of a class of auxiliary numbers, devised by
John Napier, of Merchiston, Scotland (1550-1617), to abridge
arithmetical calculations, by the use of addition and subtraction in
place of multiplication and division.</def> The relation of
<i>logarithms</i> to common numbers is that of numbers in an
arithmetical series to corresponding numbers in a geometrical series,
so that sums and differences of the former indicate respectively
products and quotients of the latter; thus,<BR>
<BR>
<table><pre><BR>
<row>0    1    2     3      4       Indices or logarithms</row><BR>
<row>1   10   100  1000  10,000     Numbers in geometrical
progression</row><BR>
</pre></table><BR>
<BR>
Hence, the logarithm of any given number is the exponent of a power
to which another given invariable number, called the <i>base</i>,
must be raised in order to produce that given number. Thus, let 10 be
the base, then 2 is the logarithm of 100, because <i>10<sup>2</sup> =
100</i>, and 3 is the logarithm of 1,000, because <i>10<sup>3</sup> =
1,000</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Arithmetical complement of a logarithm</b></col>, <cd>the
difference between a logarithm and the number ten.</cd> --
<col><b>Binary logarithms</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Binary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Common logarithms</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Brigg's logarithms</b></col>, <cd>logarithms of which the
base is 10; -- so called from Henry <i>Briggs</i>, who invented
them.</cd> -- <col><b>Gauss's logarithms</b></col>, <cd>tables of
logarithms constructed for facilitating the operation of finding the
logarithm of the sum of difference of two quantities from the
logarithms of the quantities, one entry of those tables and two
additions or subtractions answering the purpose of three entries of
the common tables and one addition or subtraction.</cd> They were
suggested by the celebrated German mathematician Karl Friedrich
<i>Gauss</i> (died in 1855), and are of great service in many
astronomical computations. -- <col><b>Hyperbolic, or
Napierian</b></col>, <col><b>logarithms</b></col>, <cd>those
logarithms (devised by John Speidell, 1619) of which the base is
2.7182818; -- so called from <i>Napier</i>, the inventor of
logarithms.</cd> -- <col><b>Logistic</b></col> or
<col><b>Proportionallogarithms.</b></col>, <cd>See under
<u>Logistic</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Log`a*rith*met"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Log"a*rith*met"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Logarithmic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log`a*rith*met"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Logarithmically.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Log`a*rith"mic</hw> (?), <hw>Log`a*rith"mic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>logarithmique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to logarithms; consisting of logarithms.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Logarithmic curve</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a curve
which, referred to a system of rectangular co&ouml;rdinate axes, is
such that the ordinate of any point will be the logarithm of its
abscissa.</cd> -- <col><b>Logarithmic spiral</b></col>, <cd>a spiral
curve such that radii drawn from its pole or eye at equal angles with
each other are in continual proportion. See <u>Spiral</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Log`a*rith"mic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By the
use of logarithms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"-chip`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A thin, flat piece of board in the form of a quadrant of a
circle attached to the log line; -- called also <i>log-ship</i>. See
2d <u>Log</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The pileated
woodpecker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Lodge</u>.]
<def>A lodge; a habitation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Log"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Logan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"gat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also written
<i>logget</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small log or piece of
wood.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An old game in England, played
by throwing pieces of wood at a stake set in the ground.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Logge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lodge</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Logged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made slow and heavy
in movement; water-logged.</def>  <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Log"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One engaged in
logging. See <u>Log</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def> [U.S.]
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Log"ger*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Log</i> +
<i>head</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blockhead; a dunce; a
numskull.</def>  <i>Shak. Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spherical mass of iron, with a long
handle, used to heat tar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An upright piece of round
timber, in a whaleboat, over which a turn of the line is taken when
it is running out too fast.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large marine
turtle (<i>Thalassochelys caretta, or caouana</i>), common in the
warmer parts of the Atlantic Ocean, from Brazil to Cape Cod; --
called also <i>logger-headed turtle</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American shrike
(<i>Lanius Ludovicianus</i>), similar to the butcher bird, but
smaller. See <u>Shrike</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be at loggerheads</b></col>, <col><b>To fall to
loggerheads</b></col>, or <col><b>To go to loggerheads</b></col>,
<cd>to quarrel; to be at strife.</cd>  <i>L' Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Log"ger*head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dull;
stupid.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A rabble of <i>loggerheaded</i>
physicians.</blockquote> <i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Log"ger*heads`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The knapweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Log"gia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Lodge</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A roofed open gallery. It differs
from a <i>veranda</i> in being more architectural, and in forming
more decidedly a part of the main edifice to which it is attached;
from a <i>porch</i>, in being intended not for entrance but for an
out-of-door sitting-room.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of
felling trees, cutting them into logs, and transporting the logs to
sawmills or to market.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>logike</i>, F.
<i>logique</i>, L. <i>logica</i>, <i>logice</i>, Gr.
<grk>logikh`</grk> (sc. <grk>te`chnh</grk>), fr. <grk>logiko`s</grk>
belonging to speaking or reason, fr. <grk>lo`gos</grk> speech,
reason, <grk>le`gein</grk> to say, speak.  See <u>Legend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science or art of exact reasoning, or of
pure and formal thought, or of the laws according to which the
processes of pure thinking should be conducted; the science of the
formation and application of general notions; the science of
generalization, judgment, classification, reasoning, and systematic
arrangement; correct reasoning.</def></p>

<p><! p. 866 !></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Logic</i> is the science of the laws of thought, as
thought; that is, of the necessary conditions to which thought,
considered in itself, is subject.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Logic</i> is distinguished as <i>pure</i> and
<i>applied</i>. "<i>Pure logic</i> is a science of the form, or of
the formal laws, of thinking, and not of the matter. <i>Applied
logic</i> teaches the application of the forms of thinking to those
objects about which men do think."  <i>Abp. Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on logic; as, Mill's
<i>Logic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"ic*al</hw> (l&obreve;j"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>logique</i>, L. <i>logicus</i>, Gr.
<grk>logiko`s</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
logic; used in logic; as, <i>logical</i> subtilties.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to the rules of logic; as, a
<i>logical</i> argument or inference; the reasoning is
<i>logical</i>.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Skilled in logic; versed in the art of
thinking and reasoning; as, he is a <i>logical</i> thinker.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Log`i*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Logicalness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
logical manner; as, to argue <i>logically</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being logical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*gi"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>logicien</i>.] <def>A person skilled in logic.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each fierce <i>logician</i> still expelling
Locke.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Log"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Logic</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lo*gis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Lo*gis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; skilled in calculating, &?; to
calculate, fr. <grk>lo`gos</grk> word, number, reckoning: cf. F.
<i>logistique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Logical.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Sexagesimal, or made on the
scale of 60; as, <i>logistic</i>, <i>or sexagesimal</i>,
arithmetic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Logistic</b></col>, or <col><b>Proportional</b></col>,
<col><b>logarithms</b></col>, <cd>certain logarithmic numbers used to
shorten the calculation of the fourth term of a proportion of which
one of the terms is a given constant quantity, commonly one hour,
while the other terms are expressed in minutes and seconds; -- not
now used.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lo*gis"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>That branch of the military art which embraces the
details of moving and supplying armies. The meaning of the word is by
some writers extended to include <i>strategy</i>.</def>  <i>H. L.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A system of arithmetic, in
which numbers are expressed in a scale of 60; logistic
arithmetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Logmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who carries logs.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Log`o*d&aelig;d"a*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.
See <u>Logos</u>, and <u>D&aelig;dal</u>.] <def>Verbal legerdemain; a
playing with words.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Log"o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>lo`gos</grk> word + <i>-gram</i>.] <def>A word letter; a
phonogram, that, for the sake of brevity, represents a word; as, |,
i. e., <i>t</i>, for <i>it</i>.  Cf. <u>Grammalogue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*gog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chronicler; one who writes history in a
condensed manner with short simple sentences.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One skilled in logography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Log`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Log`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of writing speeches: cf. F.
<i>logographique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to logography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*gog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
writing of speeches; <grk>lo`gos</grk> word, speech + &?; to write:
cf. F. <i>logographie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A method of
printing in which whole words or syllables, cast as single types, are
used.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mode of reporting speeches without using
shorthand, -- a number of reporters, each in succession, taking down
three or four words.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Log"o*griph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>lo`gos</grk> word + <grk>gri^fos</grk> a fishing net, a dark
saying, a riddle: F. <i>logogriphe</i>.] <def>A sort of riddle in
which it is required to discover a chosen word from various
combinations of its letters, or of some of its letters, which form
other words; -- thus, to discover the chosen word <i>chatter</i> form
<i>cat</i>, <i>hat</i>, <i>rat</i>, <i>hate</i>, <i>rate</i>,
etc.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lo*gom"a*chist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Logomachy</u>.] <def>One who contends about words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*gom"a*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>lo`gos</grk> word + &?; fight, battle, contest: cf. F.
<i>logomachie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contention in words
merely, or a contention about words; a war of words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The discussion concerning the meaning of the word "
justification" . . . has largely been a mere
<i>logomachy</i>.</blockquote> <i>L. Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A game of word making.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log`o*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>lo`gos</grk> word, ratio + &?; measure.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Serving to measure or ascertain chemical equivalents;
stoichiometric.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Log"os</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the
word or form which expresses a thought, also, the thought, fr. &?; to
speak.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A word; reason; speech.</def>  <i>H.
Bushell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The divine Word; Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"o*thete</hw> (?), [LL. <i>logotheta</i>, fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>lo`gos</grk> word, account + &?; to put.] <def>An accountant;
under Constantine, an officer of the empire; a receiver of revenue;
an administrator of a department.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>lo`gos</grk> word + <i>-type</i>.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A single
type, containing two or more letters; as, <i>&aelig;</i>,
<i>&AElig;</i>, <i>&filig;</i>, <i>&fllig;</i>, <i>&ffllig;</i>,
etc.; -- called also <i>ligature</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"roll`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To
engage in logrolling; to accomplish by logrolling.</def> [Political
cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Log"roll`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
engages in logrolling.</def> [Political cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The jobbers and <i>logrollers</i> will all be against
it.</blockquote> <i>The. Nation.</i></p>

<p><hw>Log"roll`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Logging)</i> <def>The act or process of rolling logs from the
place where they were felled to the stream which floats them to the
sawmill or to market. In this labor neighboring camps of loggers
combine to assist each other in turn.</def> <i>Longfellow.</i>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A combining to assist another in
consideration of receiving assistance in return; -- sometimes used of
a disreputable mode of accomplishing political schemes or ends.</def>
[Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Log"-ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
part of the log. See <u>Log-chip</u>, and 2d <u>Log</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Log"wood`</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from being
imported in <i>logs</i>.] <def>The heartwood of a tree
(<i>H&aelig;matoxylon Campechianum</i>), a native of South America,
It is a red, heavy wood, containing a crystalline substance called
<i>h&aelig;matoxylin</i>, and is used largely in dyeing. An extract
from this wood is used in medicine as an astringent. Also called
<i>Campeachy wood</i>, and <i>bloodwood</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-lo*gy</hw> (?). [Gr. &?;, fr. <grk>lo`gos</grk> word,
discourse, fr. &?; to speak. See <u>Logic</u>.] <def>A combining form
denoting a <i>discourse</i>, <i>treatise</i>, <i>doctrine</i>,
<i>theory</i>, <i>science</i>; as, theo<i>logy</i>, geo<i>logy</i>,
bio<i>logy</i>, minera<i>logy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"gy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From D. <i>log</i>.]
<def>Heavy or dull in respect to motion or thought; as, a <i>logy</i>
horse.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Porcupines are . . . <i>logy</i>, sluggish
creatures.</blockquote> <i>C. H. Merriam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lo"hock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Loch</u>, a medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loi"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
plague.] <def>Of or pertaining to the plague or contagious
disorders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>loine</i>, OF.
<i>logne</i>, F. <i>longe</i>, from (assumed) LL. <i>lumbea</i>, L.
<i>lumbus</i> join.  Cf. <u>Lends</u>, <u>Lumbar</u>,
<u>Nombles</u>.] <def>That part of a human being or quadruped, which
extends on either side of the spinal column between the hip bone and
the false ribs. In human beings the loins are also called the reins.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Beef</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Loir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>glis</i>,
<i>gliris</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large European dormouse
(<i>Myoxus glis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Loi"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Loitered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Loitering</u>.] [D. <i>leuteren</i> to delay, loiter; cf; Prov. G.
<i>lottern</i> to be louse, <i>lotter</i> louse, slack, unsettled,
vagrant, OHG. <i>lotar</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be slow in
moving; to delay; to linger; to be dilatory; to spend time idly; to
saunter; to lag behind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir John, you <i>loiter</i> here too
long.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If we have <i>loitered</i>, let us quicken our
pace.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wander as an idle vagrant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To linger; delay; lag; saunter; tarry.</p>

<p><hw>Loi"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who loiters; an idler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An idle vagrant; a tramp.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loi"ter*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
loitering manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lok</hw> (l&obreve;k), <hw>Lo"ki</hw> (l&omacr;"k), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>Loki</i>, perh. akin to <i>lokka</i>,
<i>locka</i> to allure, entice.] <i>(Scandinavian Myth.)</i> <def>The
evil deity, the author of all calamities and mischief, answering to
the <i>Ahriman</i> of the Persians.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lo*ka"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A green
vegetable dye imported from China.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loke</hw> (l&omacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lock</u> a
fastening.] <def>A private path or road; also, the wicket or hatch of
a door.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lok"o*rys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Liquorice.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lo*li"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., cuttle fish.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of cephalopods, including numerous
species of squids, common on the coasts of America and Europe. They
are much used for fish bait.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loll</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lolled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lolling</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>lolla</i> to act lazily, <i>loll</i>,
<i>lolla</i>, laziness, OD. <i>lollen</i> to sit over the fire, and
E. <i>lull</i>.  Cf. <u>Lill</u>, <u>Lull</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To act lazily or indolently; to recline; to lean; to throw one's
self down; to lie at ease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Void of care, he <i>lolls</i> supine in
state.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hand extended from the mouth, as the
tongue of an ox or a log when heated with labor or
exertion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The triple porter of the Stygian seat,<BR>
With <i>lolling</i> tongue, lay fawning at thy feet.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To let the tongue hang from the mouth, as
an ox, dog, or other animal, when heated by labor; as, the ox stood
<i>lolling</i> in the furrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loll</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To let hang from the
mouth, as the tongue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fierce tigers couched around and <i>lolled</i> their
fawning tongues.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lol"lard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>Lollardi</i>,
<i>Lullardi</i>, from Walter <i>Lolhardus</i>, a German; cf. LG. &amp; D.
<i>lollen</i> to mumble, to hum, sing in a murmuring strain; hence,
OD. <i>lollaerd</i> a mumbler, <i>i. e.</i>, of prayers or psalms,
which was prob. the origin of the name. See <u>Loll</u>,
<u>Lull</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of a
sect of early reformers in Germany.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the followers of Wyclif in England.</def> [Called also
<i>Loller</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>Lollards</i> all know the Wyclifities are meant,
so called from Walter Lollardus, one of their teachers in
Germany.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lol"lard*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Lol"lard*y</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrines or principles of the
Lollards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loll"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Loll</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who lolls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An idle vagabond.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A Lollard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loll"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lolling
manner.</def>  <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lol"li*pop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps fr. Prov.
E. <i>loll</i> to soothe + <i>pope</i> a mixed liquor.] <def>A kind
of sugar confection which dissolves easily in the mouth.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lol"lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From <u>Loll</u>.]
<def>To move heavily; to lounge or idle; to loll.</def> [Low.]
<i>Charles Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lo"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lomata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, a fringe.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lobe; a membranous fringe or
flap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*mat"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Loma</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Furnished with lobes or
flaps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lom"bard</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Lombardy, or the inhabitants of Lombardy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lom"bard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lombard</i>, fr.
the <i>Longobardi</i> or <i>Langobardi</i>, i. e., Longbeards, a
people of Northern Germany, west of the Elbe, and afterward in
Northern Italy. See <u>Long</u>, and <u>Beard</u>, and cf.
<u>Lumber</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Lombardy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A money lender or banker; -- so called
because the business of banking was first carried on in London by
<i>Lombards</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Lombard-house</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>Lombard</i> unto this day signifying a bank for
usury or pawns.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A form of cannon formerly in
use.</def>  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lombard Street</b></col>, <cd>the principal street in
London for banks and the offices of note brokers; hence, the money
market and interest of London.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lom`bard*eer"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
pawnbroker.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lom"bard-house</hw> (?), <hw>Lom"bar-house`</hw> (?), } [F.
or D. <i>lombard</i>. See <u>Lombard</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bank or a pawnbroker's shop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A public institution for lending money to
the poor at a moderate interest, upon articles deposited and pledged;
-- called also <i>mont de pi&eacute;t&eacute;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lom*bar"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Lombardy of the Lombards.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lombardic alphabet</b></col>, <cd>the ancient alphabet
derived from the Roman, and employed in the manuscript of Italy.</cd>
-- <col><b>Lombardic architecture</b></col>, <cd>the debased Roman
style of architecture as found in parts of Northern Italy.</cd> <i>F.
G. Lee.</i> <col><b>Lombardy poplar</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Poplar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lo"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lomentum</i> a
mixture of bean meal and rice, used as a cosmetic wash, bean meal,
fr. <i>lavare</i>, <i>lotum</i>, to wash.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
elongated pod, consisting, like the legume, of two valves, but
divided transversely into small cells, each containing a single
seed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo`men*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Loment</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of the nature of a loment; having
fruits like loments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lom"o*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Laumontite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lomp"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lumpish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Land.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lon"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The capital city
of England.</def></p>

<p><col><b>London paste</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a paste made of
caustic soda and unslacked lime; -- used as a caustic to destroy
tumors and other morbid enlargements.</cd> -- <col><b>London
pride</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A garden name
for <i>Saxifraga umbrosa</i>, a hardy perennial herbaceous plant, a
native of high lands in Great Britain</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
name anciently given to the Sweet William.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> --
<col><b>London rocket</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a cruciferous
plant (<i>Sisymbrium Irio</i>) which sprung up in London abundantly
on the ruins of the great fire of 1667.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lon"don*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native or inhabitant of London.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lon"don*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
characteristic of Londoners; a mode of speaking peculiar to
London.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lon"don*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To impart
to (one) a manner or character like that which distinguishes
Londoners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lon"don*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To imitate the
manner of the people of London.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lane. See
<u>Loanin</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lone</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr. <i>alone</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being without a companion; being by one's
self; also, sad from lack of companionship; lonely; as, a <i>lone</i>
traveler or watcher.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When I have on those pathless wilds a appeared,<BR>
And the <i>lone</i> wanderer with my presence cheered.</blockquote>
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Single; unmarried, or in widowhood.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Queen Elizabeth being a <i>lone</i>
woman.</blockquote> <i>Collection of Records (1642).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A hundred mark is a long one for a poor <i>lone</i>
woman to bear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being apart from other things of the kind;
being by itself; also, apart from human dwellings and resort; as, a
<i>lone</i> house.</def> " A <i>lone</i> isle."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By a <i>lone</i> well a <i>lonelier</i> column
rears.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Unfrequented by human beings;
solitary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus vanish scepters, coronets, and balls,<BR>
And leave you on <i>lone</i> woods, or empty walls.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lone"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The condition of being lonely; solitude; seclusion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being unfrequented by human
beings; as, the <i>loneliness</i> of a road.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Love of retirement; disposition to
solitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I see<BR>
The mystery of your <i>loneliness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A feeling of depression resulting from
being alone.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Solitude; seclusion. See <u>Solitude</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lone"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Lonelier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Loneliest</u>.]
[Shortened fr. <i>alonely</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sequestered
from company or neighbors; solitary; retired; as, a <i>lonely</i>
situation; a <i>lonely</i> cell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Alone, or in want of company;
forsaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the misled and <i>lonely</i> traveler.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not frequented by human beings; as, a
<i>lonely</i> wood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having a feeling of depression or sadness
resulting from the consciousness of being alone; lonesome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am very often alone. I don't mean I am
<i>lonely</i>.</blockquote> <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Solitary; lone; lonesome; retired; unfrequented;
sequestered; secluded.</p>

<p><hw>Lone"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Solitude;
seclusion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lone"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Lonesomer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Lonesomest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Secluded from society; not frequented by human beings;
solitary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like one that on a <i>lonesome</i> road<BR>
Doth walk in fear and dread.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conscious of, and somewhat depressed by,
solitude; as, to feel <i>lonesome</i>.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Lone"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lone"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Long</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Longer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Longest</u> (?).]
[AS. <i>long</i>, <i>lang</i>; akin to OS, OFries., D., &amp; G.
<i>lang</i>, Icel. <i>langr</i>, Sw. <i>l&aring;ng</i>, Dan.
<i>lang</i>, Goth. <i>laggs</i>, L. <i>longus</i>. &radic;125.  Cf.
<u>Length</u>, <u>Ling</u> a fish, <u>Linger</u>, <u>Lunge</u>,
<u>Purloin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Drawn out in a line, or in
the direction of length; protracted; extended; as, a <i>long</i>
line; -- opposed to <i>short</i>, and distinguished from <i>broad</i>
or <i>wide</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 867 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Drawn out or extended in time; continued
through a considerable tine, or to a great length; as, a <i>long</i>
series of events; a <i>long</i> debate; a <i>long</i> drama; a
<i>long</i> history; a <i>long</i> book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Slow in passing; causing weariness by
length or duration; lingering; as, <i>long</i> hours of
watching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Occurring or coming after an extended
interval; distant in time; far away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The we may us reserve both fresh and strong<BR>
Against the tournament, which is not <i>long</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Extended to any specified measure; of a
specified length; as, a span <i>long</i>; a yard <i>long</i>; a mile
<i>long</i>, that is, extended to the measure of a mile,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Far-reaching; extensive.</def> "
<i>Long</i> views."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Prolonged, or
relatively more prolonged, in utterance; -- said of vowels and
syllables. See <u>Short</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 13, and <i>Guide
to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 22, 30.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Long</i> is used as a prefix in a large number of
compound adjectives which are mostly of obvious meaning; as, <i>long-
</i>armed, <i>long-</i>beaked, <i>long-</i>haired, <i>long-
</i>horned, <i>long-</i>necked, <i>long-</i>sleeved, <i>long-
</i>tailed, <i>long-</i> worded, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>In the long run</b></col>, <cd>in the whole course of
things taken together; in the ultimate result; eventually.</cd> --
<col><b>Long clam</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common clam
(<i>Mya arenaria</i>) of the Northern United States and Canada; --
called also <i>soft-shell clam</i> and <i>long-neck clam</i>. See
<u>Mya</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Long cloth</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
cotton cloth of superior quality.</cd> -- <col><b>Long
clothes</b></col>, <cd>clothes worn by a young infant, extending
below the feet.</cd> -- <col><b>Long division</b></col>.
<i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See <u>Division</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Long
dozen</b></col>, <cd>one more than a dozen; thirteen.</cd> --
<col><b>Long home</b></col>, <cd>the grave.</cd> -- <col><b>Long
measure</b></col>, <col><b>Long meter</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Measure</u>, <u>Meter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Long
Parliament</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>the Parliament which
assembled Nov. 3, 1640, and was dissolved by Cromwell, April 20,
1653.</cd> -- <col><b>Long price</b></col>, <cd>the full retail
price.</cd> -- <col><b>Long purple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
plant with purple flowers, supposed to be the <i>Orchis
mascula</i>.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Long suit</b></col>
<i>(Whist)</i>, <cd>a suit of which one holds originally more than
three cards.</cd> <i>R. A. Proctor.</i> -- <col><b>Long
tom</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A pivot gun of great length
and range, on the dock of a vessel</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
long trough for washing auriferous earth</cd>. [Western U.S.]
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>The long-tailed
titmouse.</cd> -- <col><b>Long wall</b></col> <i>(Coal Mining)</i>,
<cd>a working in which the whole seam is removed and the roof allowed
to fall in, as the work progresses, except where passages are
needed.</cd> -- <col><b>Of long</b></col>, <cd>a long time.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Fairfax.</i> -- <col><b>To be</b></col>, or
<col><b>go</b></col>, <col><b>long of the market</b></col>,
<col><b>To be on the long side of the market</b></col>, etc.
<i>(Stock Exchange)</i>, <cd>to hold stock for a rise in price, or to
have a contract under which one can demand stock on or before a
certain day at a stipulated price; -- opposed to <i>short</i> in such
phrases as, <i>to be short of stock</i>, <i>to sell short</i>,
etc.</cd> [Cant] See <u>Short</u>. -- <col><b>To have a long
head</b></col>, <cd>to have a farseeing or sagacious mind.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Long</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A note formerly used in music, one half the length
of a large, twice that of a breve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>A long sound, syllable,
or vowel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The longest dimension; the greatest
extent; -- in the phrase, <i>the long and the short of it</i>, that
is, the sum and substance of it.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Long</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lance</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To a great extent in space; as, a <i>long</i>
drawn out line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To a great extent in time; during a long
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that tarry <i>long</i> at the wine.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xxiii. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the trumpet soundeth <i>long</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xix. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>At a point of duration far distant, either
prior or posterior; as, not <i>long</i> before; not <i>long</i>
after; <i>long</i> before the foundation of Rome; <i>long</i> after
the Conquest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Through the whole extent or
duration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bird of dawning singeth all night
<i>long</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Through an extent of time, more or less; -
- only in question; as, how <i>long</i> will you be gone?</def></p>

<p><hw>Long</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [Abbreviated fr.
<i>along</i>. See 3d <u>Along</u>.] <def>By means of; by the fault
of; because of.</def> [Obs.] See <i>Along of</i>, under 3d
<u>Along</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Long</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp;  p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Longed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Longing</u>.] [AS. <i>langian</i> to increase, to lengthen, to
stretch out the mind after, to long, to crave, to belong to, fr.
<i>lang</i> long. See <u>Long</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel a strong or morbid desire or craving;
to wish for something with eagerness; -- followed by an infinitive,
or by <i>after</i> or <i>for</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>long</i> to see you.</blockquote> <i>Rom. i.
11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>longed</i> after thy precepts.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. cxix. 40.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>longed</i> for thy salvation.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. cxix. 174.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nicomedes, <i>longing</i> for herrings, was supplied
with fresh ones . . . at a great distance from the sea.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To belong; -- used with <i>to</i>,
<i>unto</i>, or <i>for</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The labor which that <i>longeth</i> unto
me.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lon"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
pulpy fruit related to the litchi, and produced by an evergreen East
Indian tree (<i>Nephelium Longan</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Lon`ga*nim"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>longanimitas</i>; <i>longus</i> long + <i>animus</i> mind: cf. F.
<i>longanimit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Disposition to bear injuries
patiently; forbearance; patience.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Long"-armed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having long
arms; as, the <i>long-armed</i> ape or gibbon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"beak`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The American redbellied snipe (<i>Macrorhamphus
scolopaceus</i>); -- called also <i>long-billed
dowitcher</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Formerly, the largest boat carried by a merchant vessel,
corresponding to the launch of a naval vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"bow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The ordinary
bow, not mounted on a stock; -- so called in distinction from the
<i>crossbow</i> when both were used as weapons of war. Also,
sometimes, such a bow of about the height of a man, as distinguished
from a much shorter one.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To draw the longbow</b></col>, <cd>to tell large
stories.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Long"-breathed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
power of retaining the breath for a long time; long-winded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"-drawn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Extended to a
great length.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cicad&aelig; hushed their <i>long-drawn</i>, ear-
splitting strains.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Longe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>allonge</i>. See <u>Lunge</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thrust. See <u>Lunge</u>.</def>
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The training ground for a horse.</def>
<i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Longe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as 4th <u>Lunge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who longs for
anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lon*ge"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Long-loved;
longevous.</def>[R.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lon*gev"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>longaevitas</i>. See <u>Longevous</u>.] <def>Long duration of
life; length of life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The instances of <i>longevity</i> are chiefly amongst
the abstemious.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lon*ge"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>longaevus</i>; <i>longus</i> long + <i>aevum</i> lifetime, age.
See <u>Long</u>, and <u>Age</u>.] <def>Living a long time; of great
age.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Long"hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The written
characters used in the common method of writing; -- opposed to
<i>shorthand</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"head"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
unusual foresight or sagacity.</def> -- <wf>Long"-head`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Long"horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A long-horned animal, as a cow, goat, or beetle. See <u>Long-
horned</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"-horned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> [Obs.] <def>Having a long horn or horns; as, a
<i>long-horned</i> goat, or cow; having long antenn&aelig;, as
certain beetles (<i>Longicornia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Lon"gi*corn</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>longus</i>
long + <i>cornu</i> horn: cf. F. <i>longicorne</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Long-horned; pertaining to the
Longicornia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Longicornia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lon`gi*cor"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>longus</i> long + <i>cornu</i> horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of beetles, including a large number of species, in
which the antenn&aelig; are very long.  Most of them, while in the
larval state, bore into the wood or beneath the bark of trees, and
some species are very destructive to fruit and shade trees. See
<i>Apple borer</i>, under <u>Apple</u>, and <i>Locust beetle</i>,
under <u>Locust</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lon`gi*lat"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>longus</i> long + <i>lateralis</i> lateral, fr. <i>latus</i>
side.] <def>Having long sides; especially, having the form of a long
parallelogram.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nineveh . . . was of a <i>longilateral</i> figure,
ninety-five furlongs broad, and a hundred and fifty
long.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lon*gil"o*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>langus</i> long + <i>loquentia</i> a talking.] <def>Long-
windedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>American <i>longiloquence</i> in oratory.</blockquote>
<i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lon*gim"a*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>longus</i> long + <i>manus</i> hand.] <def>Having long
hands.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lon*gim"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>longus</i>
long + <i>-metry</i>: cf. F. <i>longim&eacute;trie</i>.] <def>The art
or practice of measuring distances or lengths.</def>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Long"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An eager desire;
a craving; a morbid appetite; an earnest wish; an
aspiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put on my crown; I have<BR>
immortal <i>longings</i> in me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Long"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
longing.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lon*gin"qui*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>longinquitas</i>, fr. <i>longinquus</i> extensive, remote, fr.
<i>longus</i> long.] <def>Greatness of distance; remoteness.</def>
[R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lon"gi*palp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>longipalpe</i>, fr. L. <i>longus</i> long + F. <i>palpe</i> a
feeler, a palp.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a tribe of beetles,
having long maxillary palpi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lon"gi*pen"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>longus</i> long + E. <i>pennate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having long wings, or quills.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lon`gi*pen"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
L. <i>longus</i> long + <i>penna</i> wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A group of longwinged sea birds, including the gulls, petrels,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lon`gi*pen"nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Longipennes;
longipennate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lon`gi*ros"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Longirostres</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Longirosters</b></plw>
(#). [L. <i>longus</i> long + <i>rostrum</i> beak: cf. F.
<i>longirostre</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Longirostres.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lon`gi*ros"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a long bill; of or pertaining to the
Longirostres.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lon`gi*ros"tres</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>longus</i> long + <i>rostrum</i> beak.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A group of birds characterized by having long slender bills, as
the sandpipers, curlews, and ibises. It is now regarded as an
artificial division.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat long;
moderately long.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lon"gi*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>longitudo</i>, fr. <i>longus</i> long.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Length; measure or distance along the longest line; --
distinguished from <i>breadth</i> or <i>thickness</i>; as, the
<i>longitude</i> of a room; rare now, except in a humorous
sense.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>longitude</i> of their cloaks.</blockquote>
<i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mine [shadow] spindling into <i>longitude</i>
immense.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>The arc or portion of the
equator intersected between the meridian of a given place and the
meridian of some other place from which longitude is reckoned, as
from Greenwich, England, or sometimes from the capital of a country,
as from Washington or Paris. The longitude of a place is expressed
either in degrees or in time; as, that of New York is 74&deg; or 4 h.
56 min. west of Greenwich.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The distance in degrees,
reckoned from the vernal equinox, on the ecliptic, to a circle at
right angles to the ecliptic passing through the heavenly body whose
longitude is designated; as, the <i>longitude</i> of Capella is
79&deg;.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Geocentric longitude</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
longitude of a heavenly body as seen from the earth.</cd> --
<col><b>Heliocentric longitude</b></col>, <cd>the longitude of a
heavenly body, as seen from the sun's center.</cd> --
<col><b>Longitude stars</b></col>, <cd>certain stars whose position
is known, and the data in regard to which are used in observations
for finding the longitude, as by lunar distances.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lon`gi*tu"di*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>longitudinal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
longitude or length; as, <i>longitudinal</i> distance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extending in length; in the direction of
the length; running lengthwise, as distinguished from
<i>transverse</i>; as, the <i>longitudinal</i> diameter of a
body.</def>  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lon`gi*tu"di*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A railway
sleeper lying parallel with the rail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lon`gi*tu"di*nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
direction of length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"legs`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A daddy longlegs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"-lived`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a long
life; having constitutional peculiarities which make long life
probable; lasting long; as, a <i>long-lived</i> tree; they are a
<i>longlived</i> family; <i>long-lived</i> prejudices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>With longing desire.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>For a long time; hence,
wearisomely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"mynd rocks"</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The sparingly
fossiliferous conglomerates, grits, schists, and slates of Great
Britain, which lie at the base of the Cambrian system; -- so called,
because typically developed in the <i>Longmynd</i> Hills,
Shropshire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European garfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long" prim"er</hw> (?). <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A kind of type,
in size between small pica and bourgeois.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <longprimertype>This line is printed in <i>long
primer</i>.</longprimertype></p>

<p><hw>Long"shanks`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The stilt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"shore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from
<i>alongshore</i>.] <def>Belonging to the seashore or a seaport;
along and on the shore.</def> "<i>Longshore</i> thieves."  <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Long"shore`man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Longshoremen</b></plw> (#). [Abbrev. fr.
<i>alongshoreman</i>.] <def>One of a class of laborers employed about
the wharves of a seaport, especially in loading and unloading
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"-sight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Long-
sightedness.</def>  <i>Good.</i></p>

<p><hw>Long"-sight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Able to see objects at a great distance;
hence, having great foresight; sagacious; farseeing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Able to see objects distinctly at a
distance, but not close at hand; hypermetropic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"-sight`ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or condition of being long-sighted;
hence, sagacity; shrewdness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Hypermetropia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"some</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>langsum</i>.]
<def>Extended in length; tiresome.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bp. Hall.</i>
<i>Prior.</i> -- <wf>Long"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Long"spun`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spun out, or
extended, to great length; hence, long-winded; tedious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>longspun</i> allegories fulsome grow,<BR>
While the dull moral lies too plain below.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Long"spur`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the
length of the hind claw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of fringilline birds of the genus <i>Calcarius</i> (or
<i>Plectrophanes</i>), and allied genera. The Lapland longspur (<i>C.
Lapponicus</i>), the chestnut-colored longspur (<i>C. ornatus</i>),
and other species, inhabit the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"-stop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cricket)</i>
<def>One who is set to stop balls which pass the wicket
keeper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"-suf`fer*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Forbearance to punish or resent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"-suf`fer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bearing
injuries or provocation for a long time; patient; not easily
provoked.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord God, merciful and gracious, <i>long-
suffering</i>, and abundant in goodness and truth.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xxxiv. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Long"-suf`fer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Long
patience of offense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Despisest thou the riches of his goodness and
forbearance and <i>long-suffering</i>?</blockquote> <i>Rom. ii. 4.
</i></p>

<p><hw>Long"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An animal,
particularly a log, having an uncut tail.  Cf. <u>Curtail</u>.
<u>Dog</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>longtail</i> was a gentleman's dog, or the dog of one
qualified to bunt, other dogs being required to have their tails
cut.</p>

<p><col><b>Cut and longtail</b></col>, <cd>all, gentlefolks and
others, as they might come.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Long"-tongue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wryneck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a long tongue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Talkative; babbling; loquacious.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lon"gu*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>longus</i>
long + <i>-lie</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of crystallite having
a (slender) acicular form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"-waist`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a long waist; long from the armpits to
the bottom of the waist; -- said of persons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Long from the part about the neck or
shoulder, or from the armpits, to the bottom of the weist, or to the
skirt; -- said of garments; as, a <i>long-waisted</i> coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long"ways`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Lengthwise.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Long"-wind"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Long-
breathed; hence, tediously long in speaking; consuming much time; as,
a <i>long-winded</i> talker.</def> -- <wf>Long"-wind"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>A tedious, <i>long-winded</i> harangue.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Long"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Lengthwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For older
<i>lanterloo</i>, F. <i>lanturelu</i>, <i>lanturlu</i>, name of the
game; orig., the refrain of a vaudeville.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An old game played with five, or three, cards dealt to each
player from a full pack. When five cards are used the highest card is
the knave of clubs or (if so agreed upon) the knave of trumps; --
formerly called <i>lanterloo</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
modification of the game of "all fours" in which the players
replenish their hands after each round by drawing each a card from
the pack.</def></p>

<p><! p. 868 !></p>

<p><col><b>Loo table</b></col>, <cd>a round table adapted for a
circle of persons playing loo.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Loo</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Looed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Looing</u>.] <def>To beat in the game of loo by winning every
trick.</def> [Written also <i>lu</i>.]  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corn., slime, sludge.]
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>The clay or slimes washed from tin ore in
dressing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loo"bi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Looby</u>.]
<def>Loobylike; awkward.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loo"bi*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Awkwardly.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loo"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Loobies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. <u>Lob</u>.] <def>An awkward,
clumsy fellow; a lubber.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Looch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Loch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loof</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
spongelike fibers of the fruit of a cucurbitaceous plant (<i>Luffa
&AElig;gyptiaca</i>); called also <i>vegetable sponge</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loof</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Luff</u>.] [Also
written <i>luff</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Formerly, some appurtenance of a vessel which was used in
changing her course; -- probably a large paddle put over the lee bow
to help bring her head nearer to the wind.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The part of a ship's side where the planking begins to curve
toward bow and stern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loof</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Luff</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Look</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Looked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Looking</u>.] [OE. <i>loken</i>, AS. <i>l&omacr;cian</i>; akin to
G. <i>lugen</i>, OHG. <i>luog&emacr;n</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To direct the eyes for the purpose of seeing something; to
direct the eyes toward an object; to observe with the eyes while
keeping them directed; -- with various prepositions, often in a
special or figurative sense. See Phrases below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To direct the attention (to something); to
consider; to examine; as, to <i>look</i> at an action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To seem; to appear; to have a particular
appearance; as, the patient <i>looks</i> better; the clouds
<i>look</i> rainy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It would <i>look</i> more like vanity than
gratitude.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Observe how such a practice <i>looks</i> in another
person.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have a particular direction or
situation; to face; to front.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inner gate that <i>looketh</i> to
north.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. viii. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The east gate . . . which <i>looketh</i>
eastward.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xi. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In the imperative: see; behold; take
notice; take care; observe; -- used to call attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Look</i>, how much we thus expel of sin, so much we
expel of virtue.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Look</i>, in the imperative, may be followed by a
dependent sentence, but <i>see</i> is oftener so used.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Look</i> that ye bind them fast.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Look</i> if it be my daughter.</blockquote>
<i>Talfourd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To show one's self in looking, as by
leaning out of a window; as, <i>look</i> out of the window while I
speak to you. Sometimes used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My toes <i>look</i> through the
overleather.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To await the appearance of anything; to
expect; to anticipate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Looking</i> each hour into death's mouth to
fall.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To look about</b></col>, <cd>to look on all sides, or in
different directions.</cd> -- <col><b>To look about one</b></col>,
<cd>to be on the watch; to be vigilant; to be circumspect or
guarded.</cd> -- <col><b>To look after</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To attend to; to take care of; as, <i>to look after</i>
children</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To expect; to be in a state of
expectation.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Men's hearts failing them for fear, and for <i>looking
after</i> those things which are coming on the earth.</blockquote>
<i>Luke xxi. 26.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To seek; to search</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>My subject does not oblige me <i>to look after</i> the
water, or point forth the place where to it is now
retreated.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To look at</b></col>, <cd>to direct the eyes toward so
that one sees, or as if to see; as, <i>to look at</i> a star; hence,
to observe, examine, consider; as, <i>to look at</i> a matter without
prejudice.</cd> -- <col><b>To look black</b></col>, <cd>to frown; to
scowl; to have a threatening appearance.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The bishops thereat repined, and <i>looked
black</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To look down on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>,
<cd>to treat with indifference or contempt; to regard as an inferior;
to despise.</cd> -- <col><b>To look for</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To expect; as, <i>to look for</i> news by the
arrival of a ship.</cd> "<i>Look</i> now <i>for</i> no enchanting
voice." <i>Milton.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To seek for; to search
for; as, <i>to look for</i> lost money, or lost cattle.</cd> --
<col><b>To look forth</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To look out
of something, as from a window.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
threaten to come out</cd>. <i>Jer. vi. 1. (Rev. Ver.).</i> --
<col><b>To look into</b></col>, <cd>to inspect closely; to observe
narrowly; to examine; as, <i>to look into</i> the works of nature;
<i>to look into</i> one's conduct or affairs.</cd> -- <col><b>To look
on</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To regard; to esteem.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Her friends would <i>look on</i> her the
worse.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To consider; to view; to conceive of; to
think of.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>looked on</i> Virgil as a succinct, majestic
writer.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To be a mere spectator</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll be a candleholder, and <i>look
on</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To look out</b></col>, <cd>to be on the watch; to be
careful; as, the seaman <i>looks out</i> for breakers.</cd> --
<col><b>To look through</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To see
through.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To search; to examine with the
eyes</cd>. -- <col><b>To look to</b></col> or <col><b>unto</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To watch; to take care of.</cd> "<i>Look</i>
well <i>to</i> thy herds." <i>Prov. xxvii. 23.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To resort to with expectation of receiving
something; to expect to receive from; as, the creditor may <i>look
to</i> surety for payment.</cd> "<i>Look unto</i> me, and be ye
saved." <i>Is. xlv. 22.</i> -- <col><b>To look up</b></col>, <cd>to
search for or find out by looking; as, <i>to look up</i> the items of
an account.</cd> -- <col><b>To look up to</b></col>, <cd>to respect;
to regard with deference.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Look</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
look at; to turn the eyes toward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seek; to search for.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Looking</i> my love, I go from place to
place.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To expect.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To influence, overawe, or subdue by looks
or presence as, to <i>look</i> down opposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A spirit fit to start into an empire,<BR>
And <i>look</i> the world to law.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To express or manifest by a
look.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Soft eyes <i>looked</i> love to eyes which spake
again.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To look daggers</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Dagger</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To look in the face</b></col>, <cd>to
face or meet with boldness or confidence; hence, sometimes, to meet
for combat.</cd> -- <col><b>To look out</b></col>, <cd>to seek for;
as, prudent persons <i>look out</i> associates of good
reputation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Look</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of looking; a glance; a sight; a view; -- often in
certain phrases; as, to have, get, take, throw, or cast, a
<i>look</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Threw many a northward <i>look</i> to see his
father<BR>
Bring up his powers; but he did long in vain.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expression of the eyes and face; manner;
as, a proud or defiant <i>look</i>.</def> "Gentle <i>looks</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Up ! up! my friends, and clear your
<i>looks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence; Appearance; aspect; as, the house
has a gloomy <i>look</i>; the affair has a bad <i>look</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pain, disgrace, and poverty have frighted
<i>looks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was something that reminded me of Dante's Hell
in the <i>look</i> of this.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Look"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Moonfish</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Look"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
looks.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Looker-on</b></col>, <cd>a spectator; one that looks on,
but has no agency or part in an affair.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Did not this fatal war affront thy coast,<BR>
Yet sattest thou an idle <i>looker-on</i> ?</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Look"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a certain look
or appearance; -- often compounded with adjectives; as, good<i>-
looking</i>, grand<i>-looking</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Look"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who looks; a glance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The manner in which one looks; appearance;
countenance; face.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All dreary was his cheer and his
<i>looking</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Looking for</b></col>, <cd>anticipation; expectation.</cd>
"A certain fearful <i>looking for</i> of judgment."  <i>Heb. x.
27.</i></p>

<p><hw>Look"ing-glass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mirror
made of glass on which has been placed a backing of some reflecting
substance, as quicksilver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is none so homely but loves a <i>looking-
glass</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Look"out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A careful looking or watching for any object or event.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place from which such observation is
made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person engaged in watching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Object or duty of forethought and care;
responsibility.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Lool</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A
vessel used to receive the washings of ores of metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Loon</u>, the bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loom</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lome</i>, AS.
<i>gel&omacr;ma</i> utensil, implement.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A frame or machine of wood or other
material, in which a weaver forms cloth out of thread; a machine for
interweaving yarn or threads into a fabric, as in knitting or lace
making.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hector, when he sees Andromache overwhelmed with
terror, sends her for consolation to the <i>loom</i> and the
distaff.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That part of an oar which
is near the grip or handle and inboard from the rowlock.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loom</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Loomed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Looming</u>.] [OE. <i>lumen</i> to shine, Icel. <i>ljoma</i>; akin
to AS. <i>le&oacute;ma</i> light, and E. <i>light</i>; or cf. OF.
<i>lumer</i> to shine, L. <i>luminare</i> to illumine, <i>lumen</i>
light; akin to E. <i>light</i>.  &radic;122.  See <u>Light</u> not
dark.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To appear above the surface either of
sea or land, or to appear enlarged, or distorted and indistinct, as a
distant object, a ship at sea, or a mountain, esp. from atmospheric
influences; as, the ship <i>looms</i> large; the land <i>looms</i>
high.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Awful she <i>looms</i>, the terror of the
main.</blockquote> <i>H. J. Pye.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rise and to be eminent; to be elevated
or ennobled, in a moral sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On no occasion does he [Paul] <i>loom</i> so high, and
shine so gloriously, as in the context.</blockquote> <i>J. M.
Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loom</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of looming;
esp., an unnatural and indistinct appearance of elevation or
enlargement of anything, as of land or of a ship, seen by one at
sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loom"-gale`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gentle gale
of wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loom"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The indistinct and
magnified appearance of objects seen in particular states of the
atmosphere. See <u>Mirage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>loun</i>,
<i>lown</i>, <i>loon</i>; akin to OD. <i>loen</i> a stupid man; prob.
for an older <i>lown</i>, and akin to E. <i>lame</i>.] <def>A sorry
fellow; a worthless person; a rogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For older <i>loom</i>, Icel.
<i>l&?;mr</i>; akin to Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>lom</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several aquatic, wed-footed, northern birds of the
genus <i>Urinator</i> (formerly <i>Colymbus</i>), noted for their
expertness in diving and swimming under water. The common loon, or
great northern diver (<i>Urinator imber</i>, or <i>Colymbus
torquatus</i>), and the red-throated loon or diver (<i>U.
septentrionalis</i>), are the best known species. See
<u>Diver</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loon"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Luny</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loop</hw> (l&oomac;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>luppe</i>
an iron lump.  Cf. <u>Looping</u>.] <i>(Iron Works)</i> <def>A mass
of iron in a pasty condition gathered into a ball for the tilt hammer
or rolls.</def> [Written also <i>loup</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Loop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>lub</i>
loop, noose, fold, thong, bend, <i>lub</i> to bend, incline.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fold or doubling of a thread, cord, rope,
etc., through which another thread, cord, etc., can be passed, or
which a hook can be hooked into; an eye, as of metal; a staple; a
noose; a bight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That the probation bear no hinge, nor <i>loop</i><BR>
To hang a doubt on.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small, narrow opening; a
loophole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And stop all sight-holes, every <i>loop</i> from
whence<BR>
The eye of Reason may pry in upon us.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A curve of any kind in the form of a
loop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Telegraphy)</i> <def>A wire forming part of
a main circuit and returning to the point from which it
starts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Acoustics)</i> <def>The portion of a
vibrating string, air column, etc., between two nodes; -- called also
<i>ventral segment</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Loop knot</b></col>, <cd>a single knot tied in a doubled
cord, etc. so as to leave a loop beyond the knot. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Knot</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Loop</hw> (l&oomac;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Looped</u> (l&oomac;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Looping</u>.] <def>To make a loop of or in; to fasten
with a loop or loops; -- often with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>loop</i> a
string; to <i>loop</i> up a curtain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Looped</hw> (l&oomac;pt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bent, folded, or tied, so as to make a loop;
as, a <i>looped</i> wire or string.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of holes.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loop"er</hw> (l&oomac;p"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument, as a bodkin, for forming a
loop in yarn, a cord, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva of any
species of geometrid moths. See <u>Geometrid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loop"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small opening, as in the walls of fortification,
or in the bulkhead of a ship, through which small arms or other
weapons may be discharged at an enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hole or aperture that gives a passage,
or the means of escape or evasion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loop"holed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided with
loopholes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loop"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deceitful;
cunning; sly.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Loop"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>loopen</i> to
run.  Cf. <u>Loop</u> a mass of iron, <u>Leap</u>.] <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>The running together of the matter of an ore into a mass, when
the ore is only heated for calcination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loop"ing</hw>, <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Loop</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Looping snail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
species of land snail of the genus <i>Truncatella</i>; -- so called
because it creeps like the measuring worms.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Loop"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small narrow
opening or window in a tower or fortified wall; a loophole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lourd</i> heavy,
dull.] <def>A dull, stupid fellow; a drone.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>los</i>, fr. OF.
<i>los</i>, <i>laus</i>.] <def>Praise; fame; reputation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Good conscience and good <i>loos</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loose</hw> (l&oomac;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Looser</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Loosest</u>.] [OE. <i>loos</i>,
<i>lous</i>, <i>laus</i>, Icel. <i>lauss</i>; akin to OD.
<i>loos</i>, D. los, AS. <i>le&aacute;s</i> false, deceitful, G.
<i>los</i>, loose, Dan. &amp;  Sw. <i>l&ouml;s</i>, Goth. <i>laus</i>,
and E. <i>lose</i>.  &radic;127.  See <u>Lose</u>, and cf.
<u>Leasing</u> falsehood.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unbound; untied;
unsewed; not attached, fastened, fixed, or confined; as, the
<i>loose</i> sheets of a book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her hair, nor <i>loose</i>, nor tied in formal
plat.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from constraint or obligation; not
bound by duty, habit, etc.; -- with <i>from or of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now I stand<BR>
<i>Loose</i> of my vow; but who knows Cato's thoughts ?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not tight or close; as, a <i>loose</i>
garment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not dense, close, compact, or crowded; as,
a cloth of <i>loose</i> texture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With horse and chariots ranked in <i>loose</i>
array.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not precise or exact; vague;
indeterminate; as, a <i>loose</i> style, or way of
reasoning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The comparison employed . . . must be considered
rather as a <i>loose</i> analogy than as an exact scientific
explanation.</blockquote> <i>Whewel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not strict in matters of morality; not
rigid according to some standard of right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>loose</i> morality which he had
learned.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Unconnected; rambling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vario spends whole mornings in running over
<i>loose</i> and unconnected pages.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Lax; not costive; having lax bowels.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Dissolute; unchaste; as, a <i>loose</i>
man or woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Loose</i> ladies in delight.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Containing or consisting of obscene or
unchaste language; as, a <i>loose</i> epistle.</def>  <i>
Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At loose ends</b></col>, <cd>not in order; in confusion;
carelessly managed.</cd> -- <col><b>Fast and loose</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Fast</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To break loose</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Break</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Loose pulley</b></col>.
<i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>See <i>Fast and loose pulleys</i>, under
<u>Fast</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To let loose</b></col>, <cd>to free from
restraint or confinement; to set at liberty.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Loose</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Freedom from restraint.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A letting go; discharge.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To give a loose</b></col>, <cd>to give freedom.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Vent all its griefs, and <i>give a loose</i> to
sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loose</hw> (l&oomac;s), <pos><i>v. n.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Loosed</u> (l&oomac;st); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Loosing</u>.] [From <u>Loose</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To untie or unbind; to
free from any fastening; to remove the shackles or fastenings of; to
set free; to relieve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Canst thou . . . <i>loose</i> the bands of Orion
?</blockquote> <i>Job. xxxviii. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall find an ass tied, and a colt with her;
<i>loose</i> them, and bring them unto me.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxi.
2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To release from anything obligatory or
burdensome; to disengage; hence, to absolve; to remit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Art thou <i>loosed</i> from a wife ? seek not a
wife.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. vii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever thou shalt <i>loose</i> on earth shall be
<i>loosed</i> in heaven.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xvi. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To relax; to loosen; to make less
strict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The joints of his loins were
<i>loosed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dan. v. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To solve; to interpret.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loose</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To set sail.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Acts xiii. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loose"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a loose
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loos"en</hw> (l&oomac;s"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Loosened</u> (l&oomac;s"'nd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Loosening</u>.] [See
<u>Loose</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make loose; to free from tightness, tension, firmness, or fixedness;
to make less dense or compact; as, to <i>loosen</i> a string, or a
knot; to <i>loosen</i> a rock in the earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After a year's rooting, then shaking doth the tree
good by <i>loosening</i> of the earth.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To free from restraint; to set at
liberty..</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>loosens</i> his hands, and assists his
understanding.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remove costiveness from; to facilitate
or increase the alvine discharges of.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loos"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become loose; to
become less tight, firm, or compact.</def>  <i>S. Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loos"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, loosens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loose"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state,
condition, or quality, of being loose; as, the <i>looseness</i> of a
cord; <i>looseness</i> of style; <i>looseness</i> of morals or of
principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loose"strife`</hw> (-str&imacr;f`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The name of several species of
plants of the genus <i>Lysimachia</i>, having small star-shaped
flowers, usually of a yellow color.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any species of the genus <i>Lythrum</i>, having purple, or, in
some species, crimson flowers.</def> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><! p. 869 !></p>

<p><col><b>False loosestrife</b></col>, <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Ludwigia</i>, which includes several species, most of which are
found in the United States.</cd> -- <col><b>Tufted
loosestrife</b></col>, <cd>the plant <i>Lysimachia thyrsiflora</i>,
found in the northern parts of the United States and in Europe.</cd>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loos"ish</hw> (l&oomac;s"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Somewhat loose.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Loot</hw> (l&oomac;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>l&umacr;&tsdot;</i>, Skr. <i>l&omacr;tra</i>, <i>l&omacr;ptra</i>,
booty, <i>lup</i> to break, spoil; prob. akin to E. <i>rob</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of plundering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plunder; booty; especially, the booty
taken in a conquered or sacked city.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Looted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Looting</u>.] <def>To plunder; to carry off as plunder or a prize
lawfully obtained by war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Looting</i> parties . . . ransacking the
houses.</blockquote> <i>L. Oliphant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loot"er</hw> (l&oomac;t"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A plunderer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loo"ver</hw> (l&oomac;"v&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Louver</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>loppe</i>.] <def>A
flea.</def>[Obs.]  <i>Cleveland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lopping</u> (?).] [Prov. G. <i>luppen</i>, <i>lubben</i>,to cut,
geld, or OD. <i>luppen</i>, D. <i>lubben</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cut off as the top or extreme part of anything; to shoorten
by cutting off the extremities; to cut off, or remove, as superfluous
parts; as, to <i>lop</i> a tree or its branches.</def> "With branches
<i>lopped</i>, in wood or mountain felled."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Expunge the whole, or <i>lop</i> the excrescent
parts.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut partly off and bend down; as, to
<i>lop</i> bushes in a hedge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is lopped from
anything, as branches from a tree.</def>  <i>Shak. Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hang downward; to be
pendent; to lean to one side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To let hang down; as,
to <i>lop</i> the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lop</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hanging down; as,
<i>lop</i> ears; -- used also in compound adjectives; as,
<i>lop</i>eared; <i>lop</i>sided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lope</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Leap</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And, laughing, <i>lope</i> into a tree.
<i>Spenser</i>.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Lope</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Loped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Loping</u>.] [See <u>Leap</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To leap;
to dance.</def> [Prov. Eng.] "He that <i>lopes</i> on the ropes."
<i>Middleton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move with a lope, as a horse.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Lope</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
leap; a long step.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An easy gait, consisting of long running
strides or leaps.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The mustang goes rollicking ahead, with the eternal
<i>lope</i>, . . . a mixture of two or three gaits, as easy as the
motions of a cradle.</blockquote> <i>T. B. Thorpe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lop"eared`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having ears
which lop or hang down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lope"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Leaper;
ropedancer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, lopes; esp., a horse that lopes.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rope Making)</i> <def>A swivel at one end
of a ropewalk, used in laying the strands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loph"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a tuft or
crest of feathers.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous organic base
obtained by the oxidation of amarine, and regarded as a derivative of
benzoic aldehyde. It is obtained in long white crystalline tufts, --
whence its name.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lo*phi"o*mys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>lofia`</grk> a mane, bristly ridge + <grk>my^s</grk> a mouse.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very singular rodent (<i>Lophiomys
Imhausi</i>) of Northeastern Africa. It is the only known
representative of a special family (<i>Lophiomyid&aelig;</i>),
remarkable for the structure of the skull. It has handlike feet, and
the hair is peculiar in structure and arrangement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loph"o*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>lofia`</grk> crest or tuft + <grk>bra`gchion</grk> gill.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Lophobranchii.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Lophobranchii.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loph`o*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Lophobranchii.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Loph`o*bran"chi*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>lo`fos</grk> a crest or tuft + <grk>bra`gchion</grk>
gill.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of teleostean fishes, having
the gills arranged in tufts on the branchial arches, as the
Hippocampus and pipefishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loph"o*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>lo`fos</grk> a crest or tuft + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A disk which surrounds the mouth and bears
the tentacles of the Bryozoa. See <u>Phylactolemata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lo*phop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; a crest or tuft + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Phylactolemata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lo*phos"te*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Lophostea</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Lophosteons</b></plw>
(#). [NL., from Gr. &?; a crest + &?; a bone.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The central keel-bearing part of the sternum in birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lop"pard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lop</i> + <i>-
ard</i>.] <def>A tree, the top of which has been lopped off.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lops or
cuts off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lop"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Loppered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Loppering</u>.] [Cf. Prov. G. <i>l&uuml;bbern</i>, <i>levern</i>,
OHG. <i>giliber&?;n</i>, G. <i>luppe</i>, <i>lab</i>, rennet.]
<def>To turn sour and coagulate from too long standing, as
milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lop"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cutting off, as
of branches; that which is cut off; leavings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>loppings</i> made from that stock whilst it
stood.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lop"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat lop;
inclined to lop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lop"seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
perennial herb (<i>Phryma Leptostachya</i>), having slender seedlike
fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lop"sid`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lop</i> +
<i>side.</i> Cf. <u>Lobsided</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Leaning to
one side because of some defect of structure; as, a <i>lopsided</i>
ship.</def>  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unbalanced; poorly proportioned; full of
idiosyncrasies.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lo*qua"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>loquax</i>,
<i>-acis</i>, talkative, fr. <i>loqui</i> to speak; cf. Gr. &?; to
rattle, shriek, shout.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Given to continual
talking; talkative; garrulous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Loquacious</i>, brawling, ever in the
wrong.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Speaking; expressive.</def> [R.]  <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Apt to blab and disclose
secrets.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Garrulous; talkative. See <u>Garrulous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lo*qua"cious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
loquacious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*qua"cious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Loquacity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*quac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>loquacitas</i>: cf. F. <i>loquacit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The habit or
practice of talking continually or excessively; inclination to talk
too much; talkativeness; garrulity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too great <i>loquacity</i> and too great taciturnity
by fits.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lo"quat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chinese name.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of the Japanese medlar (<i>Photinia
Japonica</i>). It is as large as a small plum, but grows in clusters,
and contains four or five large seeds. Also, the tree
itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the lores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>loratus</i>, fr.
<i>lorum</i> thong.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form of a thong or
strap; ligulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lor"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A kind of light vessel used on the coast of China, having the
hull built on a European model, and the rigging like that of a
Chinese junk.</def>  <i>Admiral Foote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?; bent so as to
be convex in front.] <def>A hump-backed person; -- so called
sportively.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Richardson (Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Lord</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lord</i>,
<i>laverd</i>, <i>loverd</i>, AS. <i>hl&amacr;ford</i>, for
<i>hl&amacr;fweard</i>, i. e., bread keeper; <i>hl&amacr;f</i> bread,
loaf + <i>weardian</i> to look after, to take care of, to ward. See
<u>Loaf</u>, and <u>Ward</u> to guard, and cf. <u>Laird</u>,
<u>Lady</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who has power and
authority; a master; a ruler; a governor; a prince; a proprietor, as
of a manor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But now I was the <i>lord</i><BR>
Of this fair mansion.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man over men<BR>
He made not <i>lord</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A titled nobleman., whether a peer of the
realm or not; a bishop, as a member of the House of Lords; by
courtesy; the son of a duke or marquis, or the eldest son of an earl;
in a restricted sense, a baron, as opposed to noblemen of higher
rank.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A title bestowed on the persons above
named; and also, for honor, on certain official persons; as,
<i>lord</i> advocate, <i>lord</i> chamberlain, <i>lord</i>
chancellor, <i>lord</i> chief justice, etc.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A husband.</def> "My <i>lord</i> being old
also."  <i>Gen. xviii. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou worthy <i>lord</i><BR>
Of that unworthy wife that greeteth thee.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>One of whom a fee or
estate is held; the male owner of feudal land; as, the <i>lord</i> of
the soil; the <i>lord</i> of the manor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The Supreme Being; Jehovah.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When <i>Lord</i>, in the Old Testament, is printed in small
capitals, it is usually equivalent to <i>Jehovah</i>, and might, with
more propriety, be so rendered.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The Savior; Jesus Christ.</def></p>

<p><col><b>House of Lords</b></col>, <cd>one of the constituent parts
of the British Parliament, consisting of the lords spiritual and
temporal.</cd> -- <col><b>Lord high chancellor</b></col>,
<col><b>Lord high constable</b></col>, <cd>etc. See
<u>Chancellor</u>, <u>Constable</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Lord
justice clerk</b></col>, <cd>the second in rank of the two highest
judges of the Supreme Court of Scotland.</cd> -- <col><b>Lord justice
general</b></col>, or <col><b>Lord president</b></col>, <cd>the
highest in rank of the judges of the Supreme Court of Scotland.</cd>
-- <col><b>Lord keeper</b></col>, <cd>an ancient officer of the
English crown, who had the custody of the king's great seal, with
authority to affix it to public documents. The office is now merged
in that of the chancellor.</cd> -- <col><b>Lord lieutenant</b></col>,
<cd>a representative of British royalty: the <i>lord lieutenant of
Ireland</i> being the representative of royalty there, and exercising
supreme administrative authority; the <i>lord lieutenant of a
county</i> being a deputy to manage its military concerns, and also
to nominate to the chancellor the justices of the peace for that
county.</cd> -- <col><b>Lord of misrule</b></col>, <cd>the master of
the revels at Christmas in a nobleman's or other great house.</cd>
<i>Eng. Cyc.</i> -- <col><b>Lords spiritual</b></col>, <cd>the
archbishops and bishops who have seats in the House of Lords.</cd> --
<col><b>Lords temporal</b></col>, <cd>the peers of England; also,
sixteen representative peers of Scotland, and twenty-eight
representatives of the Irish peerage.</cd> -- <col><b>Our
lord</b></col>, <cd>Jesus Christ; the Savior.</cd> -- <col><b>The
Lord's Day</b></col>, <cd>Sunday; the Christian Sabbath, on which the
Lord Jesus rose from the dead.</cd> -- <col><b>The Lord's
Prayer</b></col>, <cd>the prayer which Jesus taught his
disciples.</cd> <i>Matt. vi. 9-13.</i> -- <col><b>The Lord's
Supper</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The paschal supper partaken
of by Jesus the night before his crucifixion</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The sacrament of the eucharist; the holy
communion.</cd> -- <col><b>The Lord's Table</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The altar or table from which the sacrament
is dispensed</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The sacrament
itself.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lord</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
invest with the dignity, power, and privileges of a lord.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rule or preside over as a lord.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Lord</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lorded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lording</u>.] <def>To play the lord; to domineer; to rule with
arbitrary or despotic sway; -- sometimes with <i>over</i>; and
sometimes with <i>it</i> in the manner of a transitive
verb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whiles she <i>lordeth</i> in licentious
bliss.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I see them <i>lording</i> it in London
streets.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>lorded</i> over them whom now they
serve.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lord"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lord</i> + <i>-
ing</i>, 3.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The son of a lord; a person of
noble lineage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A little lord; a lordling; a lord, in
contempt or ridicule.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the plural, a common ancient mode of address equivalent
to "Sirs" or "My masters."</p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore, <i>lordings</i> all, I you
beseech.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lord"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
lord.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lord"like`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [2d <i>lord</i> +
<i>like</i>.  Cf. <u>Lordly</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Befitting or like a lord;
lordly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Haughty; proud; insolent;
arrogant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lord"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Lordly</u>.] <def>The state or quality of being lordly.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lord"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lord</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <def>A little or insignificant lord.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lord"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Lordlier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Lordliest</u>.]
[<i>Lord</i> + <i>-ly</i>.  Cf. <u>Lordlike</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Suitable for a lord; of or pertaining to a lord; resembling a
lord; hence, grand; noble; dignified; honorable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She brought forth butter in a <i>lordly</i>
dish.</blockquote> <i>Judges v. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Lordly</i> sins require <i>lordly</i> estates to
support them.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The maidens gathered strength and grace<BR>
And presence, <i>lordlier</i> than before.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proud; haughty; imperious;
insolent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lords are <i>lordliest</i> in their wine.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Imperious; haughty; overbearing; tyrannical;
despotic; domineering; arrogant. See <u>Imperious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lord"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lordly
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lord*ol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lord</i> +
<i>-olatry</i>, as in <i>idolatry</i>.] <def>Worship of, or reverence
for, a lord as such.</def> [Jocose]</p>

<p><blockquote>But how should it be otherwise in a country where
<i>lordolatry</i> is part of our creed ?</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lor*do"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
, fr. &?; bent so as to be convex in front.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A curvature of the spine forwards, usually
in the lumbar region.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any abnormal
curvature of the bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lords" and La"dies</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The European
wake-robin (<i>Arum maculatum</i>), -- those with purplish spadix the
lords, and those with pale spadix the ladies.</def>  <i>Dr.
Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lord"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or condition of being a lord; hence (with <i>his</i>
or <i>your</i>), a title applied to a lord (except an archbishop or
duke, who is called <i>Grace</i>) or a judge (in Great Britain),
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Seigniory; domain; the territory over
which a lord holds jurisdiction; a manor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What lands and <i>lordships</i> for their owner
know<BR>
My quondam barber.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dominion; power; authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They which are accounted to rule over the Gentiles
exercise <i>lordship</i> over them.</blockquote> <i>Mark x.
42.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lore</hw> (l&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lore</i>,
L. <i>lorum</i> thong.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The space between the eye and bill, in birds, and the
corresponding region in reptiles and fishes.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The anterior portion of the cheeks of
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lore</hw>, obs. <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Lose</u>.. [See <u>Lose</u>.] <def>Lost.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Neither of them she found where she them
<i>lore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lore</i>, <i>lare</i>,
AS. <i>l&amacr;r</i>, fr. <i>l&aemacr;ran</i> to teach; akin to D.
<i>leer</i> teaching, doctrine, G. <i>lehre</i>, Dan.
<i>l&aelig;re</i>, Sw. <i>l&auml;ra</i>. See <u>Learn</u>, and cf.
<u>Lere</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is or may be learned or known; the knowledge gained from
tradition, books, or experience; often, the whole body of knowledge
possessed by a people or class of people, or pertaining to a
particular subject; as, the <i>lore</i> of the Egyptians; priestly
<i>lore</i>; legal <i>lore</i>; folk<i>lore</i>.</def> "The
<i>lore</i> of war."  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His fair offspring, nursed in princely
<i>lore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is taught; hence, instruction;
wisdom; advice; counsel.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If please ye, listen to my <i>lore</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Workmanship.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lor"e*al</hw> (?), <hw>Lor"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
lore; -- said of certain feathers of birds, scales of reptiles,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lor"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [&?;.  Cf.
<u>Losel</u>.] <def>A good for nothing fellow; a vagabond.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lor"en</hw> (?), obs.  <def>strong <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Lose</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lores"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lore</i> learning
+ <i>man</i>.] <def>An instructor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lo`rette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>In
France, a name for a woman who is supported by her lovers, and
devotes herself to idleness, show, and pleasure; -- so called from
the church of Notre Dame de <i>Lorette</i>, in Paris, near which many
of them resided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo`ret*tine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>One of a order of nuns founded in 1812 at <i>Loretto</i>, in
Kentucky. The members of the order (called also <i>Sisters of
Loretto</i>, or <i>Friends of Mary at the Foot of the Cross</i>)
devote themselves to the cause of education and the care of destitute
orphans, their labors being chiefly confined to the Western United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lor`gnette"</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An opera
glass</def>; <i>pl.</i> <def>elaborate double eyeglasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Lory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*ri"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Loric&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., lit., a corselet of thongs,
fr. <i>lorum</i> thong.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Armor)</i>
<def>A cuirass, originally of leather, afterward of plates of metal
or horn sewed on linen or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Lute for protecting vessels
from the fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The protective case or
shell of an infusorian or rotifer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lor`i*ca"ta</hw> (l&obreve;r`&ibreve;*k&amacr;"t&asot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Loricate</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A suborder of edentates,
covered with bony plates, including the armadillos.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The crocodilia.</def></p>

<p><! p. 870 !></p>

<p><hw>Lor"i*cate</hw> (l&obreve;r"&ibreve;*k&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Loricated</u>
(l&obreve;r"&ibreve;*k&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Loricating</u>
(l&obreve;r"&ibreve;*k&amacr;`t&ibreve;ng).] [L. <i>loricatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>loricare</i> to clothe in mail, to cover with plastering,
fr. <i>lorica</i> a leather cuirass, a plastering, fr. <i>lorum</i>
thong.] <def>To cover with some protecting substance, as with lute, a
crust, coating, or plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lor"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Loricate</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Covered with a shell or
exterior made of plates somewhat like a coat of mail, as in the
armadillo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lor"i*cate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An animal covered with bony scales, as crocodiles among
reptiles, and the pangolins among mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lor`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>loricatio</i>.] <def>The act of loricating; the protecting
substance put on; a covering of scales or plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lor"i*keet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one numerous species of small brush-tongued parrots or
lories, found mostly in Australia, New Guinea and the adjacent
islands, with some forms in the East Indies. They are arboreal in
their habits and feed largely upon the honey of flowers. They belong
to <i>Trichoglossus</i>, <i>Loriculus</i>, and several allied
genera.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lor"i*mer</hw> (?), <hw>Lor"i*ner</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>lormier</i>, <i>loremier</i>, fr. LL.
<i>loranum</i> bridle, L. <i>lorum</i> thong, the rein of a bridle.]
<def>A maker of bits, spurs, and metal mounting for bridles and
saddles; hence, a saddler.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lor"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Lore</u>.]
<def>Instructive discourse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lo"ri*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. OF.
<i>loriou</i>, for <i>l'oriol</i>, <i>oriol</i>, <i>l'</i> being the
article. The same word as <i>oriole</i>. See <u>Oriole</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The golden oriole of Europe. See
<u>Oriole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Loris</i>, or
<i>lori</i>, the indigenous East Indian name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of small lemurs of the genus
<i>Stenops</i>. They have long, slender limbs and large eyes, and are
arboreal in their habits. The slender loris (<i>S. gracilis</i>), of
Ceylon, in one of the best known species.</def> [Written also
<i>lori</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lorn</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Strong p. p. of
<u>Lose</u>. See <u>Lose</u>, <u>Forlorn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Lost; undone; ruined.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>If thou readest, thou art <i>lorn</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Forsaken; abandoned; solitary; bereft; as,
a lone, <i>lorn</i> woman.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lor"rie</hw>, <hw>Lor"ry</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Lorries</b></plw> (#). [Prob. from <i>lurry</i> to
pull or lug.] <def>A small cart or wagon, as those used on the
tramways in mines to carry coal or rubbish; also, a barrow or truck
for shifting baggage, as at railway stations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lories</b></plw> (#). [Hind. &amp; Malay.
<i>l&umacr;r&imacr;</i>, <i>n&umacr;r&imacr;</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of many species of small parrots of
the family Trichoglossid&aelig;, generally having the tongue
papillose at the tip, and the mandibles straighter and less toothed
than in common parrots. They are found in the East Indies, Australia,
New Guinea, and the adjacent islands.  They feed mostly on soft
fruits and on the honey of flowers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The lory, or louri, of South Africa is the white-crested
plantain eater or turacou. See <u>Turacou</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Los</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Praise. See
<u>Loos</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Los"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as can be
lost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Los"ange</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lozenge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lose</hw> (l&oomac;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lost</u> (l&obreve;st; 115) <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Losing</u> (l&oomac;z"&ibreve;ng).] [OE.
<i>losien</i> to loose, be lost, lose, AS. <i>losian</i> to become
loose; akin to OE. <i>leosen</i> to lose, p. p. <i>loren</i>,
<i>lorn</i>, AS. <i>le&oacute;san</i>, <i>p. p. loren</i> (in comp.),
D. ver<i>liezen</i>, G. ver<i>lieren</i>, Dan. for<i>lise</i>, Sw.
f&ouml;r<i>lisa</i>, f&ouml;r<i>lora</i>, Goth. fra<i>liusan</i>,
also to E. <i>loose</i>, a &amp; v., L. <i>luere</i> to loose, Gr.
<grk>ly`ein</grk>, Skr. <i>l&umacr;</i> to cut. &radic;127.  Cf.
<u>Analysis</u>, <u>Palsy</u>, <u>Solve</u>, <u>Forlorn</u>,
<u>Leasing</u>, <u>Loose</u>, <u>Loss</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To part with unintentionally or
unwillingly, as by accident, misfortune, negligence, penalty,
forfeit, etc.; to be deprived of; as, to <i>lose</i> money from one's
purse or pocket, or in business or gaming; to <i>lose</i> an arm or a
leg by amputation; to <i>lose</i> men in battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair Venus wept the sad disaster<BR>
Of having <i>lost</i> her favorite dove.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cease to have; to possess no longer; to
suffer diminution of; as, to <i>lose</i> one's relish for anything;
to <i>lose</i> one's health.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the salt hath <i>lost</i> his savor, wherewith
shall it be salted ?</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not to employ; to employ ineffectually; to
throw away; to waste; to squander; as, to <i>lose</i> a day; to
<i>lose</i> the benefits of instruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unhappy have but hours, and these they
<i>lose</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To wander from; to miss, so as not to be
able to and; to go astray from; as, to <i>lose</i> one's
way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath <i>lost</i> his fellows.</blockquote>
<i>Shak</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To ruin; to destroy; as destroy; as, the
ship was <i>lost</i> on the ledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The woman that deliberates is
<i>lost</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To be deprived of the view of; to cease to
see or know the whereabouts of; as, he <i>lost</i> his companion in
the crowd.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like following life thro' creatures you dissect,<BR>
You <i>lose</i> it in the moment you detect.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To fail to obtain or enjoy; to fail to
gain or win; hence, to fail to catch with the mind or senses; to
miss; as, I <i>lost</i> a part of what he said.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall in no wise <i>lose</i> his
reward.</blockquote> <i>Matt. x. 42.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I fought the battle bravely which I <i>lost</i>,<BR>
And <i>lost</i> it but to Macedonians.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To cause to part with; to deprive
of.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How should you go about to <i>lose</i> him a wife he
loves with so much passion ?</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To prevent from gaining or
obtaining.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O false heart ! thou hadst almost betrayed me to
eternal flames, and <i>lost</i> me this glory.</blockquote>
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To lose ground</b></col>, <cd>to fall behind; to suffer
gradual loss or disadvantage.</cd> -- <col><b>To lose
heart</b></col>, <cd>to lose courage; to become timid.</cd> "The
mutineers <i>lost heart</i>." <i>Macaulay.</i> -- <col><b>To lose
one's head</b></col>, <cd>to be thrown off one's balance; to lose the
use of one's good sense or judgment.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>In the excitement of such a discovery, many scholars
<i>lost their heads</i>.</blockquote> <i>Whitney.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To lose one's self</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To forget or mistake the bearing of surrounding objects; as,
<i>to lose one's self</i> in a great city.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To have the perceptive and rational power temporarily suspended;
as, we <i>lose ourselves</i> in sleep</cd>. -- <col><b>To lose sight
of</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To cease to see; as, <i>to lose
sight of</i> the land.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To overlook; to
forget; to fail to perceive; as, he <i>lost sight of</i> the
issue</cd>.</p>

<p><hw>Lose</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To suffer loss,
disadvantage, or defeat; to be worse off, esp. as the result of any
kind of contest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We 'll . . . hear poor rogues<BR>
Talk of court news; and we'll talk with them too,<BR>
Who <i>loses</i> and who wins; who's in, who's out.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Los"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the root of
<i>lose</i>, <i>loss</i>.  &radic;127.  Cf. <u>Lorel</u>.] <def>One
who loses by sloth or neglect; a worthless person; a lorel.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One sad <i>losel</i> soils a name for
aye.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Los"el</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wasteful;
slothful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Los"en*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>losengier</i>, <i>losengeor</i>, fr. <i>losengier</i> to deceive,
flatter, <i>losenge</i>, flattery, Pr. <i>lauzenga</i>, fr. L.
<i>laus</i> praise.  Cf. <u>Lozenge</u>.] <def>A flatterer; a
deceiver; a cozener.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To a fair pair of gallows, there to end their lives
with shame, as a number of such other <i>losengers</i> had
done.</blockquote> <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Los"en*ger*ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.]
<def>Flattery; deceit; trickery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Los"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
loses.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lo"sing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Losenger</u>.]
<def>Given to flattery or deceit; flattering; cozening.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Amongst the many simoniacal that swarmed in the land,
Herbert, Bishop of Thetford, must not be forgotten; nick-named
<i>Losing</i>, that is, the Flatterer.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Los"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lose</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Causing or incurring loss; as, a
<i>losing</i> game or business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who strive to sit out <i>losing</i> hands are
lost.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Los"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner
to incur loss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loss</hw> (l&obreve;s; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>los</i> loss, losing, fr. <i>le&oacute;san</i> to lose.
&radic;127. See <u>Lose</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of losing; failure; destruction;
privation; as, the <i>loss</i> of property; <i>loss</i> of money by
gaming; <i>loss</i> of health or reputation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Assured <i>loss</i> before the match be
played.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of losing or having lost; the
privation, defect, misfortune, harm, etc., which ensues from
losing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though thou repent, yet I have still the
<i>loss</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is lost or from which one has
parted; waste; -- opposed to <i>gain</i> or <i>increase</i>; as, the
<i>loss</i> of liquor by leakage was considerable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being lost or destroyed;
especially, the wreck or foundering of a ship or other
vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Failure to gain or win; as, <i>loss</i> of
a race or battle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Failure to use advantageously; as,
<i>loss</i> of time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Killed, wounded, and
captured persons, or captured property.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Insurance)</i> <def>Destruction or
diminution of value, if brought about in a manner provided for in the
insurance contract (as destruction by fire or wreck, damage by water
or smoke), or the death or injury of an insured person; also, the sum
paid or payable therefor; as, the <i>losses</i> of the company this
year amount to a million of dollars.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To bear a loss</b></col>, <cd>to make a loss good; also,
to sustain a loss without sinking under it.</cd> -- <col><b>To be at
a loss</b></col>, <cd>to be in a state of uncertainty.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Privation; detriment; injury; damage.</p>

<p><hw>Loss"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Detrimental.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loss"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
loss.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lost</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prop. p. p. of OE.
<i>losien</i>. See <u>Lose</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Parted with unwillingly or unintentionally;
not to be found; missing; as, a <i>lost</i> book or sheep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Parted with; no longer held or possessed;
as, a <i>lost</i> limb; <i>lost</i> honor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not employed or enjoyed; thrown away;
employed ineffectually; wasted; squandered; as, a <i>lost</i> day; a
<i>lost</i> opportunity or benefit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having wandered from, or unable to find,
the way; bewildered; perplexed; as, a child <i>lost</i> in the woods;
a stranger <i>lost</i> in London.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Ruined or destroyed, either physically or
morally; past help or hope; as, a ship <i>lost</i> at sea; a woman
<i>lost</i> to virtue; a <i>lost</i> soul.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Hardened beyond sensibility or recovery;
alienated; insensible; as, <i>lost</i> to shame; <i>lost</i> to all
sense of honor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Not perceptible to the senses; no longer
visible; as, an island <i>lost</i> in a fog; a person <i>lost</i> in
a crowd.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Occupied with, or under the influence of,
something, so as to be insensible of external things; as, to be
<i>lost</i> in thought.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lost motion</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>the difference
between the motion of a driver and that of a follower, due to the
yielding of parts or looseness of joints.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lot</hw> (l&obreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hlot</i>;
akin to <i>hle&oacute;tan</i> to cast lots, OS. <i>hl&omacr;t</i>
lot, D. <i>lot</i>, G. <i>loos</i>, OHG. <i>l&omacr;z</i>, Icel.
<i>hlutr</i>, Sw. <i>lott</i>, Dan. <i>lod</i>, Goth. <i>hlauts</i>.
Cf. <u>Allot</u>, <u>Lotto</u>, <u>Lottery</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which happens without human design or
forethought; chance; accident; hazard; fortune; fate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But save my life, which <i>lot</i> before your foot
doth lay.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything (as a die, pebble, ball, or slip
of paper) used in determining a question by chance, or without man's
choice or will; as, to cast or draw <i>lots</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>lot</i> is cast into the lap, but the whole
disposing thereof is of the Lord.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xvi.
33.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If we draw <i>lots</i>, he speeds.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The part, or fate, which falls to one, as
it were, by chance, or without his planning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O visions ill foreseen! Each day's <i>lot's</i><BR>
Enough to bear.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was but born to try<BR>
The <i>lot</i> of man -- to suffer and to die.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A separate portion; a number of things
taken collectively; as, a <i>lot</i> of stationery; -- colloquially,
sometimes of people; as, a sorry <i>lot</i>; a bad
<i>lot</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I, this winter, met with a very large <i>lot</i> of
English heads, chiefly of the reign of James I.</blockquote>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A distinct portion or plot of land,
usually smaller than a field; as, a building <i>lot</i> in a
city.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The defendants leased a house and <i>lot</i> in the
city of New York.</blockquote> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A large quantity or number; a great deal;
as, to spend a <i>lot</i> of money; <i>lots</i> of people think
so.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He wrote to her . . . he might be detained in London
by a <i>lot</i> of business.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A prize in a lottery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To cast in one's lot with</b></col>, <cd>to share the
fortunes of.</cd> -- <col><b>To cast lots</b></col>, <cd>to use or
throw a die, or some other instrument, by the unforeseen turn or
position of which, an event is by previous agreement determined.</cd>
-- <col><b>To draw lots</b></col>, <cd>to determine an event, or make
a decision, by drawing one thing from a number whose marks are
concealed from the drawer.</cd> -- <col><b>To pay scot and
lot</b></col>, <cd>to pay taxes according to one's ability. See
<u>Scot</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lotted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lotting</u> (?).] <def>To allot; to sort; to portion.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><col><b>To lot on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to
count or reckon upon; to expect with pleasure.</cd> [Colloq. U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Lote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lotus</i>, Gr. &?;.
Cf. <u>Lotus</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large tree (<i>Celtis
australis</i>), found in the south of Europe. It has a hard wood, and
bears a cherrylike fruit. Called also <i>nettle tree</i>.</def>
<i>Eng. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lote</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lotte</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European burbot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lote</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lutian</i>.]
<def>To lurk; to lie hid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Loth"ly</hw>,
<pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos>, <hw>Loth"some</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <def>See <u>Loath</u>, <u>Loathly</u>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo*tha"ri*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Name of a
character in Rowe's drama, "The Fair Penitent."] <def>A gay seducer
of women; a libertine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lotio</i>, fr.
<i>lavare</i>, <i>lotum</i>, to wash: cf. F. <i>lotion</i>. See
<u>Lave</u> to wash.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A washing, especially
of the skin for the purpose of rendering it fair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A liquid preparation for bathing the skin,
or an injured or diseased part, either for a medicinal purpose, or
for improving its appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lotto</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lo*tong"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>l&umacr;tong</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An East Indian monkey
(<i>Semnopithecus femoralis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lo*toph"a*gi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; the lotus + &?; to eat.] <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A people
visited by Ulysses in his wanderings. They subsisted on the lotus.
See <u>Lotus</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, and <u>Lotus-
eater</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"tos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Lotus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lot"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lotteries</b></plw> (#). [<i>Lot</i> + <i>-ery</i>, as in
brewe<i>ry</i>, bind<i>ery</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A scheme for
the distribution of prizes by lot or chance; esp., a gaming scheme in
which one or more tickets bearing particular numbers draw prizes, and
the rest of the tickets are blanks. Fig.: An affair of
chance.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The laws of the United States and of most of the States
make lotteries illegal.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Allotment; thing allotted.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lot"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>loto or</i> It.
<i>lotto</i>, prop., a lot; of German origin. See <u>Lot</u>.] <def>A
game of chance, played with cards, on which are inscribed numbers,
and any contrivance (as a wheel containing numbered balls) for
determining a set of numbers by chance. The player holding a card
having on it the set of numbers drawn from the wheel takes the stakes
after a certain percentage of them has been deducted for the dealer.
A variety of <i>lotto</i> is called <i>keno</i>.</def> [Often written
<i>loto</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lo"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lotura</i>. See
<u>Lotion</u>.] <def>See <u>Lotion</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lo"tus</hw> (l&omacr;"t&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lotus</i>, Gr. <grk>lwto`s</grk>.  Cf. <u>Lote</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A name of
several kinds of water lilies; as <i>Nelumbium speciosum</i>, used in
religious ceremonies, anciently in Egypt, and to this day in Asia;
<i>Nelumbium luteum</i>, the American lotus; and <i>Nymph&aelig;a
Lotus</i> and <i>N. c&aelig;rulea</i>, the respectively white-
flowered and blue-flowered lotus of modern Egypt, which, with
<i>Nelumbium speciosum</i>, are figured on its ancient
monuments.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The <i>lotus</i> of the
<i>lotuseaters</i>, probably a tree found in Northern Africa, Sicily,
Portugal, and Spain (<i>Zizyphus Lotus</i>), the fruit of which is
mildly sweet. It was fabled by the ancients to make strangers who ate
of it forget their native country, or lose all desire to return to
it.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The lote, or nettle tree. See
<u>Lote</u>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A genus (<i>Lotus</i>) of
leguminous plants much resembling clover.</def> [Written also
<i>lotos</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>European lotus</b></col>, <cd>a small tree (<i>Diospyros
Lotus</i>) of Southern Europe and Asia; also, its rather large bluish
black berry, which is called also the <i>date plum</i>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 871 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament much used in
Egyptian architecture, generally asserted to have been suggested by
the Egyptian water lily.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lo"tus-eat`er</hw> (l&omacr;"t&ubreve;s-&emacr;t`&etilde;r),
<hw>Lo"tos-eat`er</hw> (l&omacr;"t&obreve;s-&emacr;t`&etilde;r), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>One who ate the fruit
or leaf of the lotus, and, as a consequence, gave himself up to
indolence and daydreams; one of the Lotophagi.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mild-eyed melancholy <i>Lotos-
eaters</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lou*chettes"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Goggles intended to rectify strabismus by permitting vision only
directly in front.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loud</hw> (loud), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Louder</u> (loud"&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Loudest</u>.] [OE. <i>loud</i>,
<i>lud</i>, AS. <i>hl&umacr;d</i>; akin to OS. <i>hl&umacr;d</i>, D.
<i>luid</i>, OHG. <i>l&umacr;t</i>, G. <i>laut</i>, L. <i>-
clutus</i>, in in<i>clutus</i>, in<i>clitus</i>, celebrated,
renowned, <i>cluere</i> to be called, Gr. <grk>klyto`s</grk> heard,
loud, famous, <grk>kly`ein</grk> to hear, Skr. <i>&ccedil;ru</i>.
&radic;41.  Cf. <u>Client</u>, <u>Listen</u>, <u>Slave</u> a serf.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having, making, or being a strong or great
sound; noisy; striking the ear with great force; as, a <i>loud</i>
cry; <i>loud</i> thunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were instant with <i>loud</i> voices, requiring
that he might be crucified.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxiii. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Clamorous; boisterous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is <i>loud</i> and stubborn.</blockquote> <i>Prov.
vii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Emphatic; impressive; urgent; as, a
<i>loud</i> call for united effort.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Ostentatious; likely to attract attention;
gaudy; as, a <i>loud</i> style of dress; <i>loud</i> colors.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Noisy; boisterous; vociferous; clamorous;
obstreperous; turbulent; blustering; vehement.</p>

<p><hw>Loud</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hl&umacr;de</i>.]
<def>With loudness; loudly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To speak <i>loud</i> in public
assemblies.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loud"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Noisy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marsion.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loud"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a loud
manner.</def>  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loud"-mouthed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
loud voice; talking or sounding noisily; noisily impudent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loud"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being loud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loud"-voiced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
loud voice; noisy; clamorous.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Loch</u>.]
<def>A loch or lake; -- so spelt in Ireland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lough</hw> (?), obs.  <def><pos><i>strong imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Laugh</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lou"is d'or`</hw> (?). [F., gold louis.] <def>Formerly, a gold
coin of France nominally worth twenty shillings sterling, but of
varying value; -- first struck in 1640.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lou"is qua*torze"</hw> (l&oomac;"&ibreve;
k&adot;*t&ocirc;rz"). [F., Louis fourteenth.] <def>Of, pertaining to,
or resembling, the art or style of the times of Louis XIV. of France;
as, <i>Louis quatorze</i> architecture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Louk</hw> (louk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An accomplice; a
"pal."</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is no thief without a <i>louk</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lounge</hw> (lounj), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lounged</u> (lounjd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lounging</u> (loun"j&ibreve;ng).] [OE. <i>lungis</i>
a tall, slow, awkward fellow, OF. <i>longis</i>, <i>longin</i>, said
to be fr. <i>Longinus</i>, the name of the centurion who pierced the
body of Christ, but with reference also to L. <i>longus</i> long.
Cf. <u>Long</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To spend time lazily,
whether lolling or idly sauntering; to pass time indolently; to
stand, sit, or recline, in an indolent manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>lounge</i> over the sciences, dawdle through
literature, yawn over politics.</blockquote> <i>J. Hannay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lounge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
idle gait or stroll; the state of reclining indolently; a place of
lounging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She went with Lady Stock to a bookseller's whose shop
served as a fashionable <i>lounge</i>.</blockquote> <i>Miss
Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of furniture resembling a sofa,
upon which one may lie or recline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loun"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lounges;
an idler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loup</hw> (l&oomac;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Iron
Works)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Loop</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Loup"-cer`vier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf.
<u>Lusern</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Canada lynx. See
<u>Lynx</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Loup`-loup"</hw> (l&oomac;`l&oomac;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Pomeranian or Spitz dog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loups</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Loup</b></singw>. [F., prop., a wolf.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>The Pawnees, a tribe of North American Indians whose principal
totem was the wolf.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An Asiatic sardine (<i>Clupea Neohowii</i>),
valued for its oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lou"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Lory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Louse</hw> (lous), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lice</b></plw> (l&imacr;s). [OE. <i>lous</i>, AS.
<i>l&umacr;s</i>, pl. <i>l&ymacr;s</i>; akin to D. <i>luis</i>, G.
<i>laus</i>, OHG. <i>l&umacr;s</i>, Icel. <i>l&umacr;s</i>, Sw.
<i>lus</i>, Dan. <i>luus</i>; perh. so named because it is
destructive, and akin to E. <i>lose</i>, <i>loose</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any one of numerous
species of small, wingless, suctorial, parasitic insects belonging to
a tribe (<i>Pediculina</i>), now usually regarded as degraded
Hemiptera. To this group belong of the lice of man and other mammals;
as, the head <i>louse</i> of man (<i>Pediculus capitis</i>), the body
<i>louse</i> (<i>P. vestimenti</i>), and the crab <i>louse</i>
(<i>Phthirius pubis</i>), and many others. See <i>Crab louse</i>,
<i>Dog louse</i>, <i>Cattle louse</i>, etc., under <u>Crab</u>,
<u>Dog</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any one of numerous small mandibulate
insects, mostly parasitic on birds, and feeding on the feathers. They
are known as Mallophaga, or bird lice, though some occur on the hair
of mammals. They are usually regarded as degraded Pseudoneuroptera.
See <u>Mallophaga</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any one of the numerous species of aphids,
or plant lice. See <u>Aphid</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any small crustacean parasitic on fishes.
See <u>Branchiura</u>, and <u>Ichthvophthira</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is also applied to various other parasites; as,
the whale <i>louse</i>, bee<i>louse</i>, horse <i>louse</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Louse fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a parasitic
dipterous insect of the group Pupipara. Some of them are wingless, as
the bee louse.</cd> -- <col><b>Louse mite</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of mites which
infest mammals and birds, clinging to the hair and feathers like
lice. They belong to <i>Myobia</i>, <i>Dermaleichus</i>,
<i>Mycoptes</i>, and several other genera.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Louse</hw> (louz), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clean from
lice.</def> "You sat and <i>loused</i> him."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Louse"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any species of <i>Pedicularis</i>, a genus of perennial herbs.
It was said to make sheep that fed on it lousy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Yellow lousewort</b></col> , <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Rhinanthus</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lous"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From
<u>Lousy</u>.] <def>In a lousy manner; in a mean, paltry manner;
scurvily.</def> [Vulgar]</p>

<p><hw>Lous"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being lousy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lous"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Infested with lice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mean; contemptible; as, <i>lousy</i>
knave.</def> [Vulgar]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>lousy</i> learning as this is.</blockquote>
<i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lout</hw> (lout), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>louten</i>,
<i>luten</i>, AS. <i>l&umacr;tan</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>l&umacr;ta</i>, Dan. <i>lude</i>, OHG. <i>l&umacr;z&emacr;n</i> to
lie hid.] <def>To bend; to box; to stoop.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He fair the knight saluted, <i>louting</i>
low.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly also written
<i>lowt</i>.] <def>A clownish, awkward fellow; a bumpkin.</def>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat as a lout or
fool; to neglect; to disappoint.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lout"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clownish; rude;
awkward.</def> "<i>Loutish</i> clown." <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i> --
<wf>Lout"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lout"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Lou*tou"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native names.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A crested black monkey (<i>Semnopithecus
maurus</i>) of Java.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lou"ver</hw>, <hw>Lou"vre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>lover</i>, OF. <i>lover</i>, <i>lovier</i>; <i>or
l'ouvert</i> the opening, fr. <i>overt</i>, <i>ouvert</i>, p. p. of
<i>ovrir</i>, <i>ouvrir</i>, to open, F. <i>ouvrir</i>.  Cf.
<u>Overt</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small lantern. See
<u>Lantern</u>, 2 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def> [Written also
<i>lover</i>, <i>loover</i>, <i>lovery</i>, and <i>luffer</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Louver</b></col> <col><b>boards or boarding</b></col>,
<cd>the sloping boards set to shed rainwater outward in openings
which are to be left otherwise unfilled; as belfry windows, the
openings of a louver, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Louver work</b></col>,
<cd>slatted work.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lov"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having qualities
that excite, or are fitted to excite, love; worthy of love.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Elaine the fair, Elaine the <i>lovable</i>,<BR>
Elaine, the lily maid of Astolat.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lov"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>liv&egrave;che</i>, fr. L. <i>levisticum</i>, <i>ligusticum</i>, a
plant indigenous to Liguria, lovage, from <i>Ligusticus</i>
Ligustine, Ligurian, <i>Liguria</i> a country of Cisalpine Gaul.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An umbelliferous plant (<i>Levisticum
officinale</i>), sometimes used in medicine as an aromatic
stimulant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Love</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>love</i>,
<i>luve</i>, AS. <i>lufe</i>, <i>lufu</i>; akin to E. <i>lief</i>,
<i>believe</i>, L. <i>lubet</i>, <i>libet</i>,it pleases, Skr.
<i>lubh</i> to be lustful. See <u>Lief</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A feeling of strong attachment induced by that which delights or
commands admiration; pre&euml;minent kindness or devotion to another;
affection; tenderness; as, the <i>love</i> of brothers and
sisters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of all the dearest bonds we prove<BR>
Thou countest sons' and mothers' <i>love</i><BR>
Most sacred, most Thine own.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, devoted attachment to, or
tender or passionate affection for, one of the opposite
sex.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He on his side<BR>
Leaning half-raised, with looks of cordial <i>love</i><BR>
Hung over her enamored.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Courtship; -- chiefly in the phrase <i>to
make love</i>, i. e., to court, to woo, to solicit union in
marriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Demetrius . . . <BR>
Made <i>love</i> to Nedar's daughter, Helena,<BR>
And won her soul.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Affection; kind feeling; friendship;
strong liking or desire; fondness; good will; -- opposed to
<i>hate</i>; often with <i>of</i> and an object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Love</i>, and health to all.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Smit with the <i>love</i> of sacred song.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>love</i> of science faintly warmed his
breast.</blockquote> <i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Due gratitude and reverence to
God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep yourselves in the <i>love</i> of
God.</blockquote> <i>Jude 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The object of affection; -- often employed
in endearing address.</def> "Trust me, <i>love</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Open the temple gates unto my
<i>love</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Cupid, the god of love; sometimes,
Venus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such was his form as painters, when they show<BR>
Their utmost art, on naked <i>Lores</i> bestow.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore do nimble-pinioned doves draw
<i>Love</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A thin silk stuff.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A climbing species of
Clematis (<i>C. Vitalba</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Nothing; no points scored on one side; --
used in counting score at tennis, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He won the match by three sets to
<i>love</i>.</blockquote> <i>The Field.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Love</i> is often used in the formation of compounds, in
most of which the meaning is very obvious; as, <i>love-</i>cracked,
<i>love-</i>darting, <i>love-</i>killing, <i>love-</i>linked,
<i>love-</i>taught, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>A labor of love</b></col>, <cd>a labor undertaken on
account of regard for some person, or through pleasure in the work
itself, without expectation of reward.</cd> -- <col><b>Free
love</b></col>, <cd>the doctrine or practice of consorting with one
of the opposite sex, at pleasure, without marriage. See <u>Free
love</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Free lover</b></col>, <cd>one who avows or
practices free love.</cd> -- <col><b>In love</b></col>, <cd>in the
act of loving; -- said esp. of the love of the sexes; as, to be <i>in
love</i>; to fall <i>in love</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Love
apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the tomato.</cd> -- <col><b>Love
bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of
small, short-tailed parrots, or parrakeets, of the genus
<i>Agapornis</i>, and allied genera. They are mostly from Africa.
Some species are often kept as cage birds, and are celebrated for the
affection which they show for their mates.</cd> -- <col><b>Love
broker</b></col>, <cd>a person who for pay acts as agent between
lovers, or as a go-between in a sexual intrigue.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Love charm</b></col>, <cd>a charm for exciting love.</cd>
<i>Ld. Lytton.</i> -- <col><b>Love child</b></col>. <cd>an
illegitimate child.</cd> <i>Jane Austen.</i> -- <col><b>Love
day</b></col>, <cd>a day formerly appointed for an amicable
adjustment of differences.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Piers Plowman.</i>
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Love drink</b></col>, <cd>a love potion; a
philter.</cd> <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Love favor</b></col>,
<cd>something given to be worn in token of love.</cd> -- <col><b>Love
feast</b></col>, <cd>a religious festival, held quarterly by some
religious denominations, as the Moravians and Methodists, in
imitation of the <i>agap&aelig;</i> of the early Christians.</cd> --
<col><b>Love feat</b></col>, <cd>the gallant act of a lover.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Love game</b></col>, <cd>a game, as in
tennis, in which the vanquished person or party does not score a
point.</cd> -- <col><b>Love grass</b></col>. [G. <i>liebesgras</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Any grass of the genus <i>Eragrostis</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Love-in-a-mist</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>An herb of the Buttercup family (<i>Nigella Damascena</i>) having
the flowers hidden in a maze of finely cut bracts</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The West Indian <i>Passiflora
f&oelig;tida</i>, which has similar bracts.</cd> -- <col><b>Love-in-
idleness</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of violet; the small
pansy.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>A little western flower,<BR>
Before milk-white, now purple with love's wound;<BR>
And maidens call it <i>love-in-idleness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Love juice</b></col>, <cd>juice of a plant supposed to
produce love.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Love knot</b></col>, <cd>a
knot or bow, as of ribbon; -- so called from being used as a token of
love, or as a pledge of mutual affection.</cd> <i>Milman.</i> --
<col><b>Love lass</b></col>, <cd>a sweetheart.</cd> -- <col><b>Love
letter</b></col>, <cd>a letter of courtship.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Love-lies-bleeding</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of
amaranth (<i>Amarantus melancholicus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Love
match</b></col>, <cd>a marriage brought about by love alone.</cd> --
<col><b>Love potion</b></col>, <cd>a compounded draught intended to
excite love, or venereal desire.</cd> -- <col><b>Love
rites</b></col>, <cd>sexual intercourse.</cd> <i>Pope</i> --
<col><b>Love scene</b></col>, <cd>an exhibition of love, as between
lovers on the stage.</cd> -- <col><b>Love suit</b></col>,
<cd>courtship.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Of all loves</b></col>,
<cd>for the sake of all love; by all means.</cd> [Obs.] "Mrs. Arden
desired him <i>of all loves</i> to come back again."
<i>Holinshed.</i> -- <col><b>The god of love</b></col>, or
<col><b>Love god</b></col>, <cd>Cupid.</cd> -- <col><b>To make love
to</b></col>, <cd>to express affection for; to woo.</cd> "If you will
marry, <i>make</i> your <i>loves to</i> me." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>To play for love</b></col>, <cd>to play a game, as at cards,
without stakes.</cd> "A game at piquet <i>for love</i>."
<i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Affection; friendship; kindness; tenderness;
fondness; delight.</p>

<p><hw>Love</hw> (l&ubreve;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Loved</u> (l&ubreve;vd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Loving</u>.] [AS. <i>lufian</i>.  &radic;124. See
<u>Love</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a
feeling of love for; to regard with affection or good will; as, to
<i>love</i> one's children and friends; to <i>love</i> one's country;
to <i>love</i> one's God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt <i>love</i> the Lord thy God with all thy
heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xxii. 37.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt <i>love</i> thy neighbor as thy
self.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxii. 39.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To regard with passionate and devoted
affection, as that of one sex for the other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take delight or pleasure in; to have a
strong liking or desire for, or interest in; to be pleased with; to
like; as, to <i>love</i> books; to <i>love</i> adventures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wit, eloquence, and poetry.<BR>
Arts which I <i>loved</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Love</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have the feeling of
love; to be in love.</def></p>

<p><hw>Love"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lovable</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Love"-dru`ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Love</i> + OF.
<i>druerie.</i> Cf. <u>Druery</u>.] <def>Affection.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lov*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
loved.</def> [Humorous] "The lover and <i>lovee</i>."
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Love"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
love.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Love"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Void of love; void of tenderness or kindness.</def>  <i>Milton.
Shelton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not attracting love;
unattractive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These are ill-favored to see to; and yet, as
<i>loveless</i> as they be, they are not without some medicinable
virtues.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Love"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From
<u>Lovely</u>.] <def>In manner to excite love; amiably.</def> [R.]
<i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Love"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Lovely</u>.]
<def>The state or quality of being lovely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If there is such a native <i>loveliness</i> in the sex
as to make them victorious when in the wrong, how resistless their
power when they are on the side of truth!</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Love"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A long lock of
hair hanging prominently by itself; an earlock; -- worn by men of
fashion in the reigns of Elizabeth and James I.</def>
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A long <i>lovelock</i> and long hair he
wore.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Love"lorn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forsaken by
one's love.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>lovelorn</i> nightingale.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Love"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Lovelier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Loveliest</u>.] [AS. <i>luflic</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having such an appearance as excites, or is
fitted to excite, love; beautiful; charming; very pleasing in form,
looks, tone, or manner.</def> "<i>Lovely</i> to look on." <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not one so fair of face, of speech so
<i>lovely</i>.</blockquote> <i>Robert of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I had such a tire, this face of mine<BR>
Were full as <i>lovely</i> as is this of hers.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lovable; amiable; having qualities of any
kind which excite, or are fitted to excite, love or
friendship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A most <i>lovely</i> gentlemanlike man.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Loving; tender.</def> [Obs.] "A
<i>lovely</i> kiss."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many a <i>lovely</i> look on them he
cast.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Very pleasing; -- applied loosely to
almost anything which is not grand or merely pretty; as, a
<i>lovely</i> view; a <i>lovely</i> valley; a <i>lovely</i>
melody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Indeed these fields<BR>
Are <i>lovely</i>, <i>lovelier</i> not the Elysian
lawns.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Beautiful; charming; delightful; delectable;
enchanting; lovable; amiable.</p>

<p><hw>Love"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner to
please, or to excite love.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Love"-mak`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Courtship.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Love"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who deals
in affairs of love.</def>[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lov"er</hw> (l&ubreve;v"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who loves; one who is in love; -- usually
limited, in the singular, to a person of the male sex.</def>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Love is blind, and <i>lovers</i> can not see<BR>
The pretty follies that themselves commit.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A friend; one strongly attached to
another; one who greatly desires the welfare of any person or thing;
as, a <i>lover</i> of his country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I slew my best <i>lover</i> for the good of
Rome.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who has a strong liking for anything,
as books, science, or music.</def> "A <i>lover</i> of knowledge."
<i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><! p. 872 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lo"ver</hw> (l&oomac;"v&etilde;r), <hw>Lo"ver*y</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Louver</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lo"ver*wise`</hw> (l&ubreve;v"&etilde;r*w&imacr;z`),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As lovers do.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As they sat down here <i>loverwise</i>.</blockquote>
<i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Love"-sick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Languishing with love or amorous desire; as, a <i>love-sick</i>
maid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the dear mistress of my <i>love-sick</i>
mind.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Originating in, or expressive of,
languishing love.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where nightingales their <i>love-sick</i> ditty
sing.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Love"-sick`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being love-sick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Love"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lufsum</i>.]
<def>Lovely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lov"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Affectionate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fairest and most <i>loving</i> wife in
Greece.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing love or kindness; as,
<i>loving</i> words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lov"ing-kind"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tender
regard; mercy; favor.</def>  <i>Ps. lxxxix. 33.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lov"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With love;
affectionately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lov"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Affection; kind
regard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The only two bands of good will, loveliness and
<i>lovingness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir. P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lov"yer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lover.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>strong imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Laugh</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lowing</u>.] [OE. <i>lowen</i>, AS. <i>hl&?;wan</i>; akin to D.
<i>loeijen</i>, OHG. <i>hl&?;jan</i>, <i>hluojan</i>.] <def>To make
the calling sound of cows and other bovine animals; to moo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>lowing</i> herd wind slowly o'er the
lea.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The calling sound
ordinarily made by cows and other bovine animals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Talking voices and the <i>law</i> of
herds.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hl&amacr;w</i>; akin to
Goth. <i>hlaiw</i> a grave, <i>hlains</i> a hill, and to E.
<i>lean</i> to incline.] <def>A hill; a mound; a grave.</def> [Obs.
except in place names.]  <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>log</i>,
<i>logi</i>; akin to E. <i>light</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Fire; a flame; a light.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Low</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To burn; to
blaze.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Lower</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Lowest</u>.] [OE.
<i>low</i>, <i>louh</i>, <i>lah</i>, Icel. <i>l&amacr;gr</i>; akin to
Sw. <i>l&aring;g</i>, Dan. <i>lav</i>, D.  <i>laag</i>, and E.
<i>lie</i>. See <u>Lie</u> to be prostrate.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Occupying an inferior position or place;
not high or elevated; depressed in comparison with something else;
as, <i>low</i> ground; a <i>low</i> flight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not rising to the usual height; as, a man
of <i>low</i> stature; a <i>low</i> fence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Near the horizon; as, the sun is
<i>low</i> at four o'clock in winter, and six in summer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sunk to the farthest ebb of the tide; as,
<i>low</i> tide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Beneath the usual or remunerative rate or
amount, or the ordinary value; moderate; cheap; as, the <i>low</i>
price of corn; <i>low</i> wages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not loud; as, a <i>low</i> voice; a
<i>low</i> sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Depressed in the scale of
sounds; grave; as, a <i>low</i> pitch; a <i>low</i> note.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Made, as a vowel, with a
low position of part of the tongue in relation to the palate; as,
&abreve; (&abreve;m), &add; (&add;ll). See <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 5, 10, 11.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Near, or not very distant from, the
equator; as, in the <i>low</i> northern latitudes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Numerically small; as, a <i>low</i>
number.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Wanting strength or animation; depressed;
dejected; as, <i>low</i> spirits; <i>low</i> in spirits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Depressed in condition; humble in rank;
as, men of <i>low</i> condition; the <i>lower</i> classes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why but to keep ye <i>low</i> and ignorant
?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Mean; vulgar; base; dishonorable; as, a
person of <i>low</i> mind; a <i>low</i> trick or stratagem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Not elevated or sublime; not exalted in
thought or diction; as, a <i>low</i> comparison.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In comparison of these divine writers, the noblest
wits of the heathen world are <i>low</i> and dull.</blockquote>
<i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>Submissive; humble.</def> "<i>Low</i>
reverence."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>Deficient in vital energy; feeble; weak;
as, a <i>low</i> pulse; made <i>low</i> by sickness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>Moderate; not intense; not inflammatory;
as, <i>low</i> heat; a <i>low</i> temperature; a <i>low</i>
fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <def>Smaller than is reasonable or probable;
as, a <i>low</i> estimate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <def>Not rich, high seasoned, or nourishing;
plain; simple; as, a <i>low</i> diet.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Low</i> is often used in the formation of compounds
which require no special explanation; as, <i>low-</i>arched, <i>low-
</i> browed, <i>low-</i>crowned, <i>low-</i>heeled, <i>low-</i>lying,
<i>low-</i>priced, <i>low-</i>roofed, <i>low-</i>toned, <i>low-
</i>voiced, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Low Church</b></col>. <cd>See <i>High Church</i>, under
<u>High</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Low Countries</b></col>, <cd>the
Netherlands.</cd> -- <col><b>Low German</b></col>, <col><b>Low
Latin</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>German</u>, <u>Latin</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Low life</b></col>, <cd>humble life.</cd> --
<col><b>Low milling</b></col>, <cd>a process of making flour from
grain by a single grinding and by siftings.</cd> -- <col><b>Low
relief</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bas-relief</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Low side
window</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a peculiar form of window common
in medi&aelig;val churches, and of uncertain use. Windows of this
sort are narrow, near the ground, and out of the line of the windows,
and in many different situations in the building.</cd> -- <col><b>Low
spirits</b></col>, <cd>despondency.</cd> -- <col><b>Low
steam</b></col>, <cd>steam having a low pressure.</cd> -- <col><b>Low
steel</b></col>, <cd>steel which contains only a small proportion of
carbon, and can not be hardened greatly by sudden cooling.</cd> --
<col><b>Low Sunday</b></col>, <cd>the Sunday next after Easter; --
popularly so called.</cd> -- <col><b>Low tide</b></col>, <cd>the
farthest ebb of the tide; the tide at its lowest point; low
water.</cd> -- <col><b>Low water</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The lowest point of the ebb tide; a low stage of the in a river,
lake, etc.</cd>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Steam Boiler)</i> <cd>The
condition of an insufficient quantity of water in the boiler.</cd> --
<col><b>Low water</b></col> <col><b>alarm or indicator</b></col>
<i>(Steam Boiler)</i>, <cd>a contrivance of various forms attached to
a boiler for giving warning when the water is low.</cd> --
<col><b>Low water mark</b></col>, <cd>that part of the shore to which
the waters recede when the tide is the lowest.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> -
- <col><b>Low wine</b></col>, <cd>a liquor containing about 20
percent of alcohol, produced by the first distillation of wash; the
first run of the still; -- often in the plural.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Low</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>The
lowest trump, usually the deuce; the lowest trump dealt or
drawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a
low position or manner; not aloft; not on high; near the
ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Under the usual price; at a moderate
price; cheaply; as, he sold his wheat <i>low</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a low or mean condition; humbly;
meanly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In time approaching our own.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In that part of the world which was first inhabited,
even as <i>low</i> down as Abraham's time, they wandered with their
flocks and herds.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>With a low voice or sound; not loudly;
gently; as, to speak <i>low</i>.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . odorous wind<BR>
Breathes <i>low</i> between the sunset and the moon.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>With a low musical pitch or
tone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can sing both high and <i>low</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>In subjection, poverty, or disgrace; as,
to be brought <i>low</i> by oppression, by want, or by vice.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>In a path near the
equator, so that the declination is small, or near the horizon, so
that the altitude is small; -- said of the heavenly bodies with
reference to the diurnal revolution; as, the moon runs <i>low</i>,
that is, is comparatively near the horizon when on or near the
meridian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To depress; to
lower.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low"bell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Low</i> a flame +
<i>bell</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bell used in fowling at
night, to frighten birds, and, with a sudden light, to make them fly
into a net.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fowler's <i>lowbell</i> robs the lark of
sleep.</blockquote> <i>King.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bell to be hung on the neck of a
sheep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>lowbell</i> hung about a sheep's . . .
neck.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low"bell`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To frighten, as
with a lowbell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born in a low
condition or rank; -- opposed to <i>highborn</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"bred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bred, or like
one bred, in a low condition of life; characteristic or indicative of
such breeding; rude; impolite; vulgar; as, a <i>lowbred</i> fellow; a
<i>lowbred</i> remark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"-church`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not placing a
high estimate on ecclesiastical organizations or forms; -- applied
especially to Episcopalians, and opposed to <i>high-church</i>. See
<i>High Church</i>, under <u>High</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"-church`ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles of the low-church party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"-church`man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-men</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who holds low-church
principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"-church`man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being a low-churchman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def><pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <i>of</i> <u>Low</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def>
</p>

<p><hw>Low"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lowered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lowering</u>.] [From <u>Low</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let descend by its own weight, as
something suspended; to let down; as, to <i>lower</i> a bucket into a
well; to <i>lower</i> a sail or a boat; sometimes, to pull down; as,
to <i>lower</i> a flag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Lowered</i> softly with a threefold cord of
love<BR>
Down to a silent grave.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce the height of; as, to
<i>lower</i> a fence or wall; to <i>lower</i> a chimney or
turret.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To depress as to direction; as, to
<i>lower</i> the aim of a gun; to make less elevated as to object;
as, to <i>lower</i> one's ambition, aspirations, or hopes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To reduce the degree, intensity, strength,
etc., of; as, to <i>lower</i> the temperature of anything; to
<i>lower</i> one's vitality; to <i>lower</i> distilled
liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bring down; to humble; as, to
<i>lower</i> one's pride.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To reduce in value, amount, etc.; as, to
<i>lower</i> the price of goods, the rate of interest, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall; to sink; to
grow less; to diminish; to decrease; as, the river <i>lowered</i> as
rapidly as it rose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lowered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lowering</u>.] [OE. <i>lowren</i>, <i>luren</i>; cf. D.
<i>loeren</i>, LG. <i>luren</i>. G. <i>lauern</i> to lurk, to be on
the watch, and E. <i>leer</i>, <i>lurk</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be dark, gloomy, and threatening, as clouds; to be covered
with dark and threatening clouds, as the sky; to show threatening
signs of approach, as a tempest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the clouds that <i>lowered</i> upon our
house.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To frown; to look sullen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But sullen discontent sat <i>lowering</i> on her
face.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cloudiness; gloominess.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A frowning; sullenness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"er-case`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or kept in, the lower case; -- used to denote the
small letters, in distinction from capitals and small capitals. See
the Note under 1st <u>Case</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dark and
threatening; gloomy; sullen; as, <i>lowering</i> clouds or
sky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"er*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lowering
manner; with cloudiness or threatening gloom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"er*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Irreg.
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of <u>Low</u>.  Cf. <u>Uppermost</u>,
<u>Foremost</u>, etc.] <def>Lowest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cloudy; gloomy;
lowering; as, a <i>lowery</i> sky; <i>lowery</i> weather.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lowgh</hw> (?), <hw>Lowh</hw>  }, obs. <def><pos><i>strong
imp.</i></pos> of <u>Laugh</u>.</def> [Cf. 1st Low and 2d
<u>Lough</u>.]
  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The calling sound
made by cows and other bovine animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat low.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lowk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Louk</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Land which is low
with respect to the neighboring country; a low or level country; --
opposed to <i>highland</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Lowlands</b></col>, <cd>Belgium and Holland; the
Netherlands; also, the southern part of Scotland.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Low"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of the Lowlands, especially of the Lowlands of Scotland,
as distinguished from <i>Highlander</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Low"li*hood</hw> (?), <hw>Low"li*head</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lowly state.</def> [R.]
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low"li*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lowly place
or manner; humbly.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thinking <i>lowlily</i> of himself and highly of those
better than himself.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Lowly</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being lowly;
humility; humbleness of mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Walk . . . with all <i>lowliness</i> and
meekness.</blockquote> <i>Eph. iv. 1, 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Low condition, especially as to manner of
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>lowliness</i> of my fortune has not brought me
to flatter vice.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low"-lived`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characteristic
of, or like, one bred in a low and vulgar condition of life; mean;
dishonorable; contemptible; as, <i>low-lived</i>
dishonesty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Lowlier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Lowliest</u>.] [<i>Low</i>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> + <i>-ly</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not high;
not elevated in place; low.</def> "<i>Lowly</i> lands."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Low in rank or social
importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One common right the great and <i>lowly</i>
claims.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not lofty or sublime; humble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These rural poems, and their <i>lowly</i>
strain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having a low esteem of one's own worth;
humble; meek; free from pride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me, for I am meek
and <i>lowly</i> in heart.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xi. 29.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
a low manner; humbly; meekly; modestly.</def> "Be <i>lowly</i> wise."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a low condition; meanly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will show myself highly fed, and <i>lowly</i>
taught.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low"-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined in
mind to low or unworthy things; showing a base mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Low-minded</i> and immoral.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All old religious jealousies were condemned as <i>low-
minded</i> infirmities.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Low"-mind`ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being low-minded; meanness; baseness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lown</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Loon</u>.] <def>A
low fellow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Low"-necked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cut low in
the neck; decollete; -- said of a woman's dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being low.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"-pres`sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having,
employing, or exerting, a low degree of pressure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Low-pressure steam engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine in
which low steam is used; often applied to a condensing engine even
when steam at high pressure is used. See <u>Steam
engine</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Low"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An open box car
used on railroads. Compare <u>Lorry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"-spir`it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deficient
in animation and courage; dejected; depressed; not
sprightly.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Low"-spir`it*ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Low"-stud`ded</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished or
built with short studs; as, a <i>low-studded</i> house or
room.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"-thought`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
one's thoughts directed toward mean or insignificant
subjects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lox`o*drom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
slanting, oblique + &?; a running, course; cf. F.
<i>loxodromique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to sailing on rhumb lines; as,
<i>loxodromic</i> tables.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Loxodromic curve</b></col> or <col><b>line</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a line on the surface of a sphere, which always
makes an equal angle with every meridian; the rhumb line. It is the
line on which a ship sails when her course is always in the direction
of one and the same point of the compass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lox`o*drom"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
method of sailing on the loxodromic or rhumb line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lox*od"ro*mism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of tracing a loxodromic curve; the act of moving as if in a
loxodromic curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lox*od"ro*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>loxodromic</i>.] <def>The science of loxodromics.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Loy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A long, narrow spade
for stony lands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>loyal</i>, OF.
<i>loial</i>, <i>leial</i>, L. <i>legalis</i>, fr. <i>lex</i>,
<i>legis</i>, law. See <u>Legal</u>, and cf. <u>Leal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Faithful to law; upholding the lawful
authority; faithful and true to the lawful government; faithful to
the prince or sovereign to whom one is subject; unswerving in
allegiance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Welcome, sir John ! But why come you in arms ? -<BR>
 To help King Edward in his time of storm,<BR>
As every <i>loyal</i> subject ought to do.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>True to any person or persons to whom one
owes fidelity, especially as a wife to her husband, lovers to each
other, and friend to friend; constant; faithful to a cause or a
principle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your true and <i>loyal</i> wife.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Unhappy both, but <i>loyal</i>their
loves.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loy"al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
adheres to his sovereign or to the lawful authority; especially, one
who maintains his allegiance to his prince or government, and defends
his cause in times of revolt or revolution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loy"al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a loyal manner;
faithfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loy"al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Loyalty.</def>
[R.]  <i>Stow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loy"al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>loyaut&eacute;</i>. See <u>Loyal</u>, and cf. <u>Legality</u>.]
<def>The state or quality of being loyal; fidelity to a superior, or
to duty, love, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had such <i>loyalty</i> to the king as the law
required.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not withstanding all the subtle bait<BR>
With which those Amazons his love still craved,<BR>
To his one love his <i>loyalty</i> he saved.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "<i>Loyalty</i>  . . . expresses, properly, that fidelity
which one owes according to law, and does not necessarily include
that attachment to the royal person, which, happily, we in England
have been able further to throw into the word."  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Allegiance; fealty. See <u>Allegiance</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Loz"enge</hw> (l&obreve;z"&ebreve;nj), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>lozange</i>, <i>losange</i>; perh. the same as OF.
<i>losenge</i>f flattery, praise, the heraldic sense being the oldest
(cf. E. <i>hatchment</i>, <i>blazon</i>).  Cf. <u>Losenger</u>,
<u>Laudable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A diamond-shaped figure usually with the
upper and lower angles slightly acute, borne upon a shield or
escutcheon.  Cf. <u>Fusil</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A form
of the escutcheon used by women instead of the shield which is used
by men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A figure with four equal sides, having two
acute and two obtuse angles; a rhomb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything in the form of lozenge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small cake of sugar and starch,
flavored, and often medicated. -- originally in the form of a
lozenge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lozenge coach</b></col>, <cd>the coach of a dowager,
having her coat of arms painted on a lozenge.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Walpole.</i> -- <col><b>Lozenge-molding</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>a kind of molding, used in Norman architecture, characterized by
lozenge-shaped ornaments.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 873 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Loz"enged</hw> (l&obreve;z"&ebreve;njd), <hw>Loz"enge-
shaped`</hw> (-sh&amacr;pt) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
form of a lozenge or rhomb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>lozenged</i> panes of a very small latticed
window.</blockquote> <i>C. Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loz"en*gy</hw> (-&ebreve;n*j&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F. <i>losang&eacute;</i>. See <u>Lozenge</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Divided into lozenge-shaped compartments, as the field or a
bearing, by lines drawn in the direction of the bend
sinister.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu</hw> (l&umacr;), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Loo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lub"bard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lubber</u>.]
<def>A lubber.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lub"bard</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lubberly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lub"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. Sw.
<i>lubber</i>. See <u>Looby</u>, <u>Lob</u>.] <def>A heavy, clumsy,
or awkward fellow; a sturdy drone; a clown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lingering <i>lubbers</i> lose many a
penny.</blockquote> <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Land lubber</b></col>, <cd>a name given in contempt by
sailors to a person who lives on land.</cd> -- <col><b>Lubber
grasshopper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large, stout, clumsy
grasshopper; esp., <i>Brachystola magna</i>, from the Rocky Mountain
plains, and <i>Romalea microptera</i>, which is injurious to orange
trees in Florida.</cd> -- <col><b>Lubber's hole</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a hole in the floor of the "top," next the mast,
through which sailors may go aloft without going over the rim by the
futtock shrouds. It is considered by seamen as only fit to be used by
lubbers.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Lubber's line</b></col>,
<col><b>point</b></col>, or <col><b>mark</b></col>, <cd>a line or
point in the compass case indicating the head of the ship, and
consequently the course which the ship is steering.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lub"ber*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a lubber;
clumsy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A great <i>lubberly</i> boy.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lub"ber*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Clumsily;
awkwardly.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lu"bric</hw> (?), <hw>Lu"bric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lubricus</i>: cf. F. <i>lubrique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a smooth surface; slippery.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lascivious; wanton; lewd.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>lubric</i> and adulterate age.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"bri*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lubricans</i>, p. pr. of <i>lubricare</i>, See <u>Lubricate</u>.]
<def>Lubricating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"bri*cant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
lubricates; specifically, a substance, as oil, grease, plumbago,
etc., used for reducing the friction of the working parts of
machinery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"bri*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lubricatus</i>, p. p. of <i>lubricare</i> to lubricate. See
<u>Lubric</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make smooth or slippery;
as, mucilaginous and saponaceous remedies <i>lubricate</i> the parts
to which they are applied.</def>  <i>S. Sharp.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Supples, <i>lubricates</i>, and keeps in play,<BR>
The various movements of this nice machine.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To apply a lubricant to, as oil or
tallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu`bri*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
lubricating; the act of making slippery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"bri*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, lubricates.</def> "
<i>Lubricator</i> of the fibers."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance, as an oil cup, for
supplying a lubricant to machinery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu*bric"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lubricate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu*bric"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lubricitas</i>: cf. F. <i>lubricit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Smoothness; freedom from friction; also,
property which diminishes friction; as, the <i>lubricity</i> of
oil.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slipperiness; instability; as, the
<i>lubricity</i> of fortune.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lasciviousness; propensity to lewdness;
lewdness; lechery; incontinency.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As if wantonness and <i>lubricity</i> were essential
to that poem.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"bri*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lubricus</i>.] <def>Lubric.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lu`bri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <hw>Lu`bri*fac"tion</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lubricus</i> lubric + <i>facere</i> to
make.] <def>The act of lubricating, or making smooth.</def>  <i>Ray.
Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lu`carne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>lucerna</i> a lamp. See <u>Luthern</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
dormer window.</def></p>

<p><hw>Luc*chese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [It.
<i>Lucchese</i>.] <def>A native or inhabitant of Lucca, in Tuscany;
in the plural, the people of Lucca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Luce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>lus</i>, L.
<i>lucius</i> a kind of fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A pike when
full grown.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being lucent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lucens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>lucere</i> to shine, fr. <i>lux</i>, <i>lucis</i>, light.]
<def>Shining; bright; resplendent.</def> " The sun's <i>lucent</i>
orb."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymology uncertain.]
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of hunting dog; -- perhaps from
<i>Lucerne</i>, in Switzerland.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>lucerns</i>, too, or dogs inured to hunt<BR>
Beasts of most rapine.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An animal whose fur was formerly much in
request (by some supposed to be the lynx).</def> [Written also
<i>lusern</i> and <i>luzern</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The polecat, mastern, and the richskinned
<i>lucern</i><BR>
I know to chase.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>luzerne</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leguminous plant (<i>Medicago sativa</i>),
having bluish purple cloverlike flowers, cultivated for fodder; --
called also <i>alfalfa</i>.</def> [Written also <i>lucerne</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lu"cern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lucerna</i>.] <def>A
lamp.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu*cer"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lucerna</i> a
lamp.] <def>Of or pertaining to a lamp.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lucernal microscope</b></col>, <cd>a form of the
microscope in which the object is illuminated by means of a lamp, and
its image is thrown upon a plate of ground glass connected with the
instrument, or on a screen independent of it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Lu`cer*na"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>lucerna</i> a lamp.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of acalephs,
having a bell-shaped body with eight groups of short tentacles around
the margin. It attaches itself by a sucker at the base of the
pedicel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu`cer*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Lucernarida.</def> -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Lucernarida.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lu`cer*nar"i*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Lucernaria</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
division of acalephs, including <i>Lucernaria</i> and allied genera;
-- called also <i>Calycozoa</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
more extensive group of acalephs, including both the true Lucernarida
and the Discophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cerne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Lucern</u>, the plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lucidus</i>, fr.
<i>lux</i>, <i>lucis</i>, light. See <u>Light</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shining; bright;
resplendent; as, the <i>lucid</i> orbs of heaven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Lucid</i>, like a glowworm.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A court compact of <i>lucid</i> marbles.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Clear; transparent.</def> " <i>Lucid</i>
streams."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Presenting a clear view; easily
understood; clear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>lucid</i> and interesting abstract of the
debate.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Bright with the radiance of intellect; not
darkened or confused by delirium or madness; marked by the regular
operations of reason; as, a <i>lucid</i> interval.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Luminous; bright; clear; transparent; sane;
reasonable. See <u>Luminous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Lu*cid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lucidit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Lucid</u>.] <def>The quality or state
of being lucid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cid*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lucid
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cid*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being lucid; lucidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"ci*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., bringing light,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, the morning star, fr. <i>lux</i>, <i>lucis</i>,
light + <i>ferre</i> to bring.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The planet Venus, when appearing as the
morning star; -- applied in Isaiah by a metaphor to a king of
Babylon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How art thou fallen from heaven, O <i>Lucifer</i>, son
of the morning ! how art thou cut down to the ground which didst
weaken the nations !</blockquote> <i>Is. xiv. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tertullian and Gregory the Great understood this
passage of Isaiah in reference to the fall of Satan; in consequence
of which the name <i>Lucifer</i> has since been applied to
Satan.</blockquote> <i>Kitto.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, Satan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How wretched<BR>
Is that poor man that hangs on princes' favors! . . . <BR>
When he falls, he falls like <i>Lucifer</i>,<BR>
Never to hope again.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A match made of a sliver of wood tipped
with a combustible substance, and ignited by friction; -- called also
<i>lucifer match</i>, and <i>locofoco</i>. See
<u>Locofoco</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of free-
swimming macruran Crustacea, having a slender body and long
appendages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu`ci*fe"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Lucifer; having the pride
of Lucifer; satanic; devilish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Luciferians or
their leader.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu`ci*fe"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of the followers of Lucifer, bishop of Cagliari, in the
fourth century, who separated from the orthodox churches because they
would not go as far as he did in opposing the Arians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lucifer</u>.] <def>Giving light; affording light or means of
discovery.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu*cif"er*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
luciferous manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu*cif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lucificus</i>;
<i>lux</i>, <i>lucis</i>, light + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Producing light.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lux</i>,
<i>lucis</i>, light = <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having, in some respects,
the nature of light; resembling light.</def>  <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu*cif"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Luciferian;
satanic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu*cim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lux</i>,
<i>lucis</i>, light + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>an instrument for
measuring the intensity of light; a photometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Luck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D. <i>luk</i>,
<i>geluk</i>, G. <i>gl&uuml;ck</i>, Icel. <i>lukka</i>, Sw.
<i>lycka</i>, Dan. <i>lykke</i>, and perh. to G. <i>locken</i> to
entice.  Cf. 3d <u>Gleck</u>.] <def>That which happens to a person;
an event, good or ill, affecting one's interests or happiness, and
which is deemed casual; a course or series of such events regarded as
occurring by chance; chance; hap; fate; fortune; often, one's
habitual or characteristic fortune; as, good, bad, ill, or hard
<i>luck</i>. <i>Luck</i> is often used for <i>good luck</i>; as,
<i>luck</i> is better than skill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou dost play with him at any game,<BR>
Thou art sure to lose; and of that natural <i>luck</i>,<BR>
He beats thee 'gainst the odds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Luck penny</b></col>, <cd>a small sum given back for luck
to one who pays money.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>To be in
luck</b></col>, <cd>to receive some good, or to meet with some
success, in an unexpected manner, or as the result of circumstances
beyond one's control; to be fortunate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Luck"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From
<u>Lucky</u>.] <def>In a lucky manner; by good fortune; fortunately;
-- used in a good sense; as, they <i>luckily</i> escaped
injury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Luck"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being lucky; as, the <i>luckiness</i> of
a man or of an event.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Good fortune; favorable issue or
event.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Luck"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without luck;
unpropitious; unfortunate; unlucky; meeting with ill success or bad
fortune; as, a <i>luckless</i> gamester; a <i>luckless</i>
maid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prayers made and granted in a <i>luckless</i>
hour.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Luck"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lock"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Luck"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Luckier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Luckiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Favored by luck; fortunate; meeting with good success or good
fortune; -- said of persons; as, a <i>lucky</i> adventurer.</def> "
<i>Lucky</i> wight."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing, or resulting in, good by
chance, or unexpectedly; favorable; auspicious; fortunate; as, a
<i>lucky</i> mistake; a <i>lucky</i> cast; a <i>lucky</i>
hour.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We doubt not of a fair and <i>lucky</i>
war.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Successful; fortunate; prosperous; auspicious.</p>

<p><hw>Luck`y proach"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Fatherlasher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lucrativus</i>, fr. <i>lucrari</i> to gain, fr. <i>lucrum</i>
gain: cf. F. <i>lucratif</i>. See <u>Lucre</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Yielding lucre; gainful; profitable;
making increase of money or goods; as, a <i>lucrative</i> business or
office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The trade of merchandise being the most
<i>lucrative</i>, may bear usury at a good rate.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Greedy of gain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such diligence as the most part of our
<i>lucrative</i> lawyers do use, in deferring and prolonging of
matters and actions from term to term.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cra*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
lucrative manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lucre</i>, L.
<i>lucrum</i>.] <def>Gain in money or goods; profit; riches; -- often
in an ill sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lust of <i>lucre</i> and the dread of
death.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu*crif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lucrum</i> gain +<i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Gainful; profitable.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu*crif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lucrificus</i>; <i>lucrum</i> gain + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Producing profit; gainful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Luc*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>luctatio</i>, fr. <i>luctari</i> to wrestle, strive.] <def>Effort
to overcome in contest; struggle; endeavor.</def> [R.]
<i>Farindon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Luc"tu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>luctus</i>
mourning, sorrow, fr. <i>lugere</i>, fr. <i>luctum</i>, to mourn.]
<def>Producing grief; saddening.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir G.
Buck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cu*brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lucubrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lucubrated</u> (?).] [L. <i>lucubratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>lucubrare</i> to work by lamplight, fr. <i>lux</i> light. See
<u>Light</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To study by candlelight or a
lamp; to study by night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cu*brate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To elaborate,
perfect, or compose, by night study or by laborious
endeavor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu`cu*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [l.
<i>lucubratio</i>;cf. F. <i>lucubration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of lucubrating, or studying by candlelight; nocturnal
study; meditation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After long <i>lucubration</i> I have hit upon such an
expedient.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is composed by night; that
which is produced by meditation in retirement; hence (loosely) any
literary composition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>lucubrations</i> have been perused by several
of our friends.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cu*bra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
studies by night; also, one who produces lucubrations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cu*bra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lucubratorius</i>.] <def>Composed by candlelight, or by night; of
or pertaining to night studies; laborious or painstaking.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. fr. L.
<i>lux</i>, <i>lucis</i>, light.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A spot or
fleck on the sun brighter than the surrounding surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cu*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>luculentus</i>, from <i>lux</i>, <i>lucis</i>, light.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lucid; clear; transparent.</def>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Clear; evident; luminous.</def> " Most
<i>luculent</i> testimonies."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bright; shining in beauty.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Most debonair and <i>luculent</i> lady.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"cu*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a luculent
manner; clearly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu*cul"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Lucullus</i>, a Roman consul, famous for his great wealth and
luxury: cf. F. <i>lucullite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of
black limestone, often polished for ornamental purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lu*cu"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American genus of sapotaceous trees bearing sweet and edible
fruits.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Lucuma mammosum</i> is called <i>natural marmalade</i>
in the West Indies; <i>L. Caimito</i>, of Peru, furnishes a delicious
fruit called <i>lucuma</i> and <i>caimito</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Lud"dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a number
of riotous persons in England, who for six years (1811-17) tried to
prevent the use of labor-saving machinery by breaking it, burning
factories, etc.; -- so called from Ned <i>Lud</i>, a half-witted man
who some years previously had broken stocking frames.</def>  <i>J. &
H. Smith.</i>  <i>H. Martineau.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu*dib"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ludibrium</i> mockery, derision, from <i>ludere</i> to play,
sport.] <def>Sportive; ridiculous; wanton.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"di*bund</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ludibundus</i>.] <def>Sportive.</def> [Obs.] --
<wf>Lu"di*bund*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"di*crous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ludicrus</i>, or <i>ludicer</i>, from <i>ludus</i> play, sport,
fr. <i>ludere</i> to play.] <def>Adapted to excite laughter, without
scorn or contempt; sportive.</def>  <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A chapter upon German rhetoric would be in the same
<i>ludicrous</i> predicament as Van Troil's chapter on the snakes of
Iceland, which delivers its business in one summary sentence,
announcing, that snakes in Iceland -- there are none.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Laughable; sportive; burlesque; comic; droll;
ridiculous.  -- <u>Ludicrous</u>, <u>Laughable</u>,
<u>Ridiculous</u>. We speak of a thing as <i>ludicrous</i> when it
tends to produce laughter; as <i>laughable</i> when the impression is
somewhat stronger; as <i>ridiculous</i> when more or less contempt is
mingled with the merriment created.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Lu"di*crous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lu"di*crous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lu`di*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ludificatio</i>, fr. <i>ludificare</i> to make sport of;
<i>ludus</i> sport + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-
fy</u>.] <def>The act of deriding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu*dif"i*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ludificatorius</i>.] <def>Making sport; tending to excite
derision.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lud"lam*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Mr.
<i>Ludlam</i>, of London.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occurring in
small, green, transparent, monoclinic crystals. It is a hydrous
phosphate of iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lud"low group`</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A subdivision of
the British Upper Silurian lying below the Old Red Sandstone; -- so
named from the <i>Ludlow</i>, in Western England. See the
<i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lud"wig*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after the
chemist <i>Ludwig</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A borate of iron and
magnesia, occurring in fibrous masses of a blackish green
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lu"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Disease, especially of a contagious kind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lues venerea</b></col>, <cd>syphilis; -- called also
simply <i>lues</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Luff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lof</i>, prob. a
sort of timber by which the course of a ship was directed, perh. a
sort of paddle; cf. D. <i>loef</i> luff, <i>loeven</i> to luff. The
word is perh. akin to E. <i>glove</i>.  Cf. <u>Aloof</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The side of a ship toward the
wind.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act of sailing a ship close
to the wind.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The roundest part of a
ship's bow.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The forward or weather
leech of a sail, especially of the jib, spanker, and other fore-and-
aft sails.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Luff tackle</b></col>, <cd>a purchase composed of a double
and single block and fall, used for various purposes.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Luff upon luff</b></col>, <cd>a luff tackle
attached to the fall of another luff tackle.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana,
Jr.</i></p>

<p><! p. 874 !></p>

<p><hw>Luff</hw> (l&ubreve;f), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Luffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Luffing</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To turn the head of
a vessel toward the wind; to sail nearer the wind; to turn the tiller
so as to make the vessel sail nearer the wind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To luff round</b></col>, or <col><b>To luff
alee</b></col>, <cd>to make the extreme of this movement, for the
purpose of throwing the ship's head into the wind.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Luf"fer</hw> (l&ubreve;f"f&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Louver</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lug</hw> (l&ubreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw. <i>lugg</i>
the forelock.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The ear, or its lobe.</def>
[Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which projects like an ear, esp. that
by which anything is supported, carried, or grasped, or to which a
support is fastened; an ear; as, the <i>lugs</i> of a kettle; the
<i>lugs</i> of a founder's flask; the <i>lug</i> (handle) of a
jug.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A projecting piece to which
anything, as a rod, is attached, or against which anything, as a
wedge or key, bears, or through which a bolt passes, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Harness)</i> <def>The leather loop or ear
by which a shaft is held up.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lugworm.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lug bolt</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a bolt terminating
in a long, flat extension which takes the place of a head; a strap
bolt.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lug</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lugging</u> (?).] [OE. <i>luggen</i>, Sw. <i>lugga</i> to pull by
the hair, fr. <i>lugg</i> the forelock.] <def>To pull with force; to
haul; to drag along; to carry with difficulty, as something heavy or
cumbersome.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They must divide the image among them, and so
<i>lug</i> off every one his share.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lug</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move slowly and
heavily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of lugging; as, a hard <i>lug</i>; that which is lugged; as, the pack
is a heavy <i>lug</i>.</def>[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which moves slowly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rod or pole.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measure of length, being 16&frac12;
feet; a rod, pole, or perch.</def> [Obs.] " Eight <i>lugs</i> of
ground."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chimney lug</b></col>, or <col><b>Lug pole</b></col>,
<cd>a pole on which a kettle is hung over the fire, either in a
chimney or in the open air.</cd> [Local, U.S.]  <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lug"gage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 4th <u>Lug</u>.]
<def>That which is lugged; anything cumbrous and heavy to be carried;
especially, a traveler's trunks, baggage, etc., or their
contents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am gathering up my <i>luggage</i>, and preparing for
my journey.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What do you mean,<BR>
To dote thus on such <i>luggage</i>!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Plunder; baggage.</p>

<p><col><b>Luggage van</b></col>, <cd>a vehicle for carrying luggage;
a railway car, or compartment of a car, for carrying luggage.</cd>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lug"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
small vessel having two or three masts, and a running bowsprit, and
carrying lugsails. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lug"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
Indian falcon (<i>Falco jugger</i>), similar to the European lanner
and the American prairie falcon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lug"mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Lug</u> an
ear.] <def>A mark cut into the ear of an animal to identify it; an
earmark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lug"sail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
square sail bent upon a yard that hangs obliquely to the mast and is
raised or lowered with the sail.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu*gu"bri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lugubris</i>, fr. <i>lugere</i> to mourn; cf. Gr.
<grk>lygro`s</grk> sad, Skr. <i>ruj</i> to break.] <def>Mournful;
indicating sorrow, often ridiculously or feignedly; doleful; woful;
pitiable; as, a whining tone and a <i>lugubrious</i> look.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Crossbones, scythes, hourglasses, and other
<i>lugubrious</i> emblems of mortality.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Lu*gu"bri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lu*gu"bri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lug"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>1st lug</i> +
<i>worm</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large marine annelid
(<i>Arenicola marina</i>) having a row of tufted gills along each
side of the back. It is found burrowing in sandy beaches, both in
America and Europe, and is used for bait by European fishermen.
Called also <i>lobworm</i>, and <i>baitworm</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Luke</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. <i>lew</i>,
perh. influenced by AS. <i>wl&aelig;c</i> warm, lukewarm, remiss.
Cf. Lew.] <def>Moderately warm; not hot; tepid.</def> --
<wf>Luke"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nine penn'orth o'brandy and water
<i>luke</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Luke"warm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Luke</u>.]
<def>Moderately warm; neither cold nor hot; tepid; not ardent; not
zealous; cool; indifferent.</def> " <i>Lukewarm</i> blood."
<i>Spenser.</i> " <i>Lukewarm</i> patriots."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An obedience so <i>lukewarm</i> and languishing that
it merits not the name of passion.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Luke"warm`ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Luke"warm`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lull</hw> (l&ubreve;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lulled</u> (l&ubreve;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lulling</u>.] [Akin to OD. <i>lullen</i> to sing to
sleep, G. <i>lullen</i>, Dan. <i>lulle</i>, Sw. <i>lulla</i>; all of
imitative origin.  Cf. <u>Loll</u>, <u>Lollard</u>.] <def>To cause to
rest by soothing influences; to compose; to calm; to soothe; to
quiet.</def> " To <i>lull</i> him soft asleep."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such sweet compulsion doth in music lie,<BR>
To <i>lull</i> the daughters of necessity.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lull</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become gradually
calm; to subside; to cease or abate for a time; as, the storm
<i>lulls</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
power or quality of soothing; that which soothes; a lullaby.</def>
[R.]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A temporary cessation of storm or
confusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lull"a*by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Lull</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A song to quiet
babes or lull them to sleep; that which quiets.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Good night; good-by.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lull"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, lulls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lull"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lulling
manner; soothingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>llumon</i> chimney,
<i>llum</i> that shoots up or ends in a point.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A chimney.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ventilating chimney over the shaft of a
mine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A woody valley; also, a deep pool.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Lu"ma*chel</hw> (?), <hw>||Lu`ma*chel"la</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lumachelle</i>, It. <i>lumachella</i>,
fr. <i>lamachella</i> a little snail, dim. of <i>lumaca</i> a snail,
fr. L. <i>limax</i>, <i>-acis</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A grayish
brown limestone, containing fossil shells, which reflect a beautiful
play of colors. It is also called <i>fire marble</i>, from its fiery
reflections.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lum*bag"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to lumbago.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lum*ba"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>lumbus</i> loin. See <u>Lumbar</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
rheumatic pain in the loins and the small of the back.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lum"bar</hw> (?), <hw>Lum"bal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lumbus</i> loin. See <u>Loin</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or near, the loins; as, the
<i>lumbar</i> arteries.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lumbar region</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the region of
the loin; specifically, a region between the hypochondriac and iliac
regions, and outside of the umbilical region.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lum"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr.
<i>Lombard</i>, the Lombards being the money lenders and pawnbrokers
of the Middle Ages. A <i>lumber</i> room was, according to Trench,
originally a <i>Lombard</i> room, or room where the Lombard
pawnbroker stored his pledges. See <u>Lombard</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pawnbroker's shop, or room for storing
articles put in pawn; hence, a pledge, or pawn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They put all the little plate they had in the
<i>lumber</i>, which is pawning it, till the ships came.</blockquote>
<i>Lady Murray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Old or refuse household stuff; things
cumbrous, or bulky and useless, or of small value.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Timber sawed or split into the form of
beams, joists, boards, planks, staves, hoops, etc.; esp., that which
is smaller than heavy timber.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Lumber kiln</b></col>, <cd>a room in which timber or
lumber is dried by artificial heat.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Lumber
room</b></col>, <cd>a room in which unused furniture or other lumber
is kept.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Lumber wagon</b></col>, <cd>a heavy
rough wagon, without springs, used for general farmwork,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lum"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lumbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lumbering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To heap together in
disorder.</def> " Stuff <i>lumbered</i> together."  <i>Rymer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill or encumber with lumber; as, to
<i>lumber</i> up a room.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lum"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To move heavily, as if burdened.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. dial. Sw. <i>lomra</i> to resound.]
<def>To make a sound as if moving heavily or clumsily; to
rumble.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut logs in the forest, or prepare
timber for market.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Lum"ber*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One employed in
lumbering, cutting, and getting logs from the forest for lumber; a
lumberman.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Lumberers</i> have a notion that he (the
woodpecker) is harmful to timber.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lum"ber*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of
cutting or getting timber or logs from the forest for lumber.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Lum"ber*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lumbermen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who is engaged in
lumbering as a business or employment.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Lum`bo*sa"cral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lumbus</i> loin + E. <i>sacral</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the loins and sacrum; as, the <i>lumbosacral</i> nerve,
a branch of one of the lumber nerves which passes over the
sacrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lum"bric</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lumbricus</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An earthworm, or a worm resembling an
earthworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lum"bric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lombrical</i>. See <u>Lumbric</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling
a worm; as, the <i>lumbrical</i> muscles of the hands of the hands
and feet.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lumbrical
muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lum*bric"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lumbricus</i> worm + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Resembling an earthworm; vermiform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lum"bri*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lumbricus</i>
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like an earthworm; belonging
to the genus Lumbricus, or family <i>Lumbricid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lum"bri*cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Lumbric</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of annelids,
belonging to the Oligoch&aelig;ta, and including the common
earthworms. See <u>Earthworm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"mi*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Luminous.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Lu"mi*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Luminaries</b></plw> (#), [F. <i>luminaire</i>, L.
<i>luminare</i> a light or lamp, which was lighted in the churches, a
luminary, fr. <i>lumen</i>, <i>luminis</i>, light, fr. <i>lucere</i>
to be light, to shine, <i>lux</i>, <i>lucis</i>, light. See
<u>Light</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any body that gives light, especially one
of the heavenly bodies.</def> " Radiant <i>luminary</i>."
<i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the great <i>luminary</i> . . . <BR>
Dispenses light from far.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who illustrates any subject, or
enlightens mankind; as, Newton was a distinguished
<i>luminary</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>luminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>luminare</i> to illumine, fr.
<i>lumen</i> light. See <u>Limn</u>.] <def>To illuminate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lu`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Illumination.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lu"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
illumine.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu`mi*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lumen</i> light + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing light; yielding
light; transmitting light; as, the <i>luminiferous</i>
ether.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu`mi*nos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being luminous; luminousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"mi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>luminosus</i>, fr. <i>lumen</i> light: cf. F. <i>lumineux</i>. See
<u>Luminary</u>, <u>Illuminate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shining; emitting or reflecting light;
brilliant; bright; as, the is a <i>luminous</i> body; a
<i>luminous</i> color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fire burneth wood, making it . . .
<i>luminous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mountains lift . . . their lofty and
<i>luminous</i> heads.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Illuminated; full of light; bright; as,
many candles made the room <i>luminous</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Up the staircase moved a <i>luminous</i> space in the
darkness.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Enlightened; intelligent; also, clear;
intelligible; as, a <i>luminous</i> mind.</def> " <i>Luminous</i>
eloquence." <i>Macaulay.</i> " A <i>luminous</i> statement."
<i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Luminous paint</b></col>, <cd>a paint made up with some
phosphorescent substance, as sulphide of calcium, which after
exposure to a strong light is luminous in the dark for a
time.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lucid; clear; shining; perspicuous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Lu"mi*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lu"mi*nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lum"mox</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fat, ungainly,
stupid person; an awkward bungler.</def> [Low.]</p>

<p><hw>Lump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OD. <i>lompe</i>
piece, mass.  Cf. <u>Lunch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small mass
of matter of irregular shape; an irregular or shapeless mass; as, a
<i>lump</i> of coal; a <i>lump</i> of iron ore.</def>  " A
<i>lump</i> of cheese." <i>Piers Plowman.</i> " This <i>lump</i> of
clay."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mass or aggregation of things.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Firearms)</i> <def>A projection beneath the
breech end of a gun barrel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In the lump</b></col>, <col><b>In a lump</b></col>,
<cd>the whole together; in gross.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>They may buy them <i>in the lump</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Lump coal</b></col>, <cd>coal in large lumps; -- the
largest size brought from the mine.</cd> -- <col><b>Lump
sum</b></col>, <cd>a gross sum without a specification of items; as,
to award a <i>lump sum</i> in satisfaction of all claims and
damages.</cd> </p>

<p><hw>Lump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lumped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lumping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw into a mass; to
unite in a body or sum without distinction of particulars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The expenses ought to be <i>lumped</i>
together.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take in the gross; to speak of
collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not forgetting all others, . . . whom for brevity, but
out of no resentment to you, I <i>lump</i> all together.</blockquote>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To get along with as one can, although
displeased; as, if he does n't like it, he can <i>lump</i> it.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Lump"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Lamper
eel</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European eelpout; -- called
also <i>lumpen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lump"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who lumps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A laborer who is employed to load or
unload vessels when in harbor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lump"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Lump</u>,
on account of its bulkiness: cf. G. &amp; D. <i>lump</i>, F.
<i>lompe</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, thick, clumsy,
marine fish (<i>Cyclopterus lumpus</i>) of Europe and America. The
color is usually translucent sea green, sometimes purplish. It has a
dorsal row of spiny tubercles, and three rows on each side, but has
no scales. The ventral fins unite and form a ventral sucker for
adhesion to stones and seaweeds. Called also <i>lumpsucker</i>,
<i>cock-paddle</i>, <i>sea owl</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lump"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bulky; heavy.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lump"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a lump; inert;
gross; heavy; dull; spiritless.</def> " <i>Lumpish</i>, heavy,
melancholy."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Lump"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lump"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lump"suck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lumpfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lump"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Lumpier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Lumpiest</u>.] <def>Full of lumps, or
small compact masses.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lu"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.; akin to
<i>lucere</i> to shine. See <u>Light</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Lune</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The moon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Alchemy)</i> <def>Silver.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Luna cornea</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>horn silver,
or fused silver chloride, a tough, brown, translucent mass; -- so
called from its resemblance to horn.</cd> -- <col><b>Luna
moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very large and beautiful
American moth (<i>Actias luna</i>). Its wings are delicate light
green, with a stripe of purple along the front edge of the anterior
wings, the other margins being edged with pale yellow. Each wing has
a lunate spot surrounded by rings of light yellow, blue, and black.
The caterpillar commonly feeds on the hickory, sassafras, and
maple.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lu"na*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lunacies</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Lunatic</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Insanity or madness; properly, the kind of
insanity which is broken by intervals of reason, -- formerly supposed
to be influenced by the changes of the moon; any form of unsoundness
of mind, except idiocy; mental derangement or alienation.</def>
<i>Brande.</i>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your kindred shuns your house<BR>
As beaten hence by your strange <i>lunacy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A morbid suspension of good sense or
judgment, as through fanaticism.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Derangement; craziness; mania. See
<u>Insanity</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 875 !></p>

<p><hw>Lu"nar</hw> (l&umacr;"n&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lunaris</i>, fr. <i>luna</i> the moon. See <u>Luna</u>, and cf.
<u>Lunary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the moon;
as, <i>lunar</i> observations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling the moon; orbed.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Measured by the revolutions of the moon;
as, a <i>lunar</i> month.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Influenced by the moon, as in growth,
character, or properties; as, <i>lunar</i> herbs.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lunar caustic</b></col> <i>(Med. Chem.)</i>, <cd>silver
nitrate prepared to be used as a cautery; -- so named because silver
was called <i>luna</i> by the ancient alchemists.</cd> --
<col><b>Lunar cycle</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Metonic cycle</i>. See
under <u>Cycle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lunar distance</b></col>, <cd>the
angular distance of the moon from the sun, a star, or a planet,
employed for determining longitude by the <i>lunar method</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Lunar method</b></col>, <cd>the method of finding a ship's
longitude by comparing the local time of taking (by means of a
sextant or circle) a given lunar distance, with the Greenwich time
corresponding to the same distance as ascertained from a nautical
almanac, the difference of these times being the longitude.</cd> --
<col><b>Lunar month</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Month</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Lunar observation</b></col>, <cd>an observation of a lunar
distance by means of a sextant or circle, with the altitudes of the
bodies, and the time, for the purpose of computing the
longitude.</cd> -- <col><b>Lunar tables</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>Tables of the moon's
motions, arranged for computing the moon's true place at any time
past or future.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Navigation)</i>
<cd>Tables for correcting an observed lunar distance on account of
refraction and parallax.</cd> -- <col><b>Lunar year</b></col>,
<cd>the period of twelve lunar months, or 354 days, 8 hours, 48
minutes, and 34.38 seconds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lu"nar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A lunar distance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The middle bone of the
proximal series of the carpus; -- called also <i>semilunar</i>, and
<i>intermedium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lunar</u>,
<u>Luna</u>.] <def>An inhabitant of the moon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lunaire</i>. See <u>Lunar</u>.] <def>Lunar.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>lunaire</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The herb moonwort or
"honesty".</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A low fleshy fern
(<i>Botrychium Lunaria</i>) with lunate segments of the leaf or
frond.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lu"nate</hw> (?), <hw>Lu"na*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lunatus</i> crescent-shaped, p. p. of
<i>lunare</i> to bend like a crescent, fr. <i>luna</i> the moon.]
<def>Crescent-shaped; as, a <i>lunate</i> leaf; a <i>lunate</i> beak;
a <i>lunated</i> cross.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"na*tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>lunatique</i>,
L. <i>lunaticus</i>, fr. <i>luna</i> the moon. See <u>Lunar</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Affected by lunacy; insane; mad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord, have mercy on my son; for he is
<i>lunatic</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Matt. xvii. 15).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, or suitable for, an
insane person; evincing lunacy; as, <i>lunatic</i> gibberish; a
<i>lunatic</i> asylum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"na*tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person affected by
lunacy; an insane person, esp. one who has lucid intervals; a madman;
a person of unsound mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>lunatic</i>, the lover, and the poet,<BR>
Are of imagination all compact.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Lunated</u>.] <def>The period of a synodic revolution of the moon,
or the time from one new moon to the next; varying in length, at
different times, from about 29&frac14; to 29&frac56; days, the
average length being 29 d., 12h., 44m., 2.9s.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lunch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain etymol.
Cf. Prov. Eng. <i>nunc</i> a lump.] <def>A luncheon; specifically, a
light repast between breakfast and dinner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lunch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lunched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lunching</u>.] <def>To take luncheon.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lunch"eon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>luncheon</i>, <i>lunchion</i>, <i>lunshin</i>, a large lump of
food, fr. <i>lunch</i>. See <u>Lunch</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lump of food.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A portion of food taken at any time except
at a regular meal; an informal or light repast, as between breakfast
and dinner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lunch"eon</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take
luncheon.</def>  <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lune</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>luna</i> moon: cf.
F. <i>lune</i>. See <u>Luna</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything in
the shape of a half moon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A figure in the form of a
crescent, bounded by two intersecting arcs of circles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fit of lunacy or madness; a period of
frenzy; a crazy or unreasonable freak.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These dangerous, unsafe <i>lunes</i> i' the
king.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lunette</u>.]
<def>A little moon or satellite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu*nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>lune</i> moon, L. <i>luna</i>. See <u>Lune</u> a crescent.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A fieldwork consisting of two
faces, forming a salient angle, and two parallel flanks. See
<u>Bastion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A half horseshoe, which
wants the sponge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of watch crystal which is more than
ordinarily flattened in the center; also, a species of convexoconcave
lens for spectacles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece of felt to cover the eye of a
vicious horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Any surface of semicircular
or segmental form; especially, the piece of wall between the curves
of a vault and its springing line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An iron shoe at the end of the stock of a
gun carriage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lunette window</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a window
which fills or partly fills a lunette.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lung</hw> (l&ubreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>lunge</i>, AS. <i>lunge</i>, pl. <i>lungen</i>; akin to D.
<i>long</i>, G. <i>lunge</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>lunga</i>, Dan.
<i>lunge</i>, all prob. from the root of E. <i>light</i>.
&radic;125.  See <u>Light</u> not heavy.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An
organ for a&euml;rial respiration; -- commonly in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>lungs</i> began to crow<BR>
like chanticleer.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed
from the ventral wall of the esophagus as a pouch which divides into
two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very
nearly this primitive saclike character, but in the higher forms the
connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and
the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in
the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending
in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a
fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less
divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the
thorax. See <u>Respiration</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Lung fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>pneumonia.</cd> --
<col><b>Lung flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of gentian
(<i>G. Pneumonanthe</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Lung lichen</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>tree lungwort.  See under <u>Lungwort</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Lung sac</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the
breathing organs of spiders and snails.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lunge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also spelt <i>longe</i>,
fr. <i>allonge</i>. See <u>Allonge</u>, <u>Long</u>.] <def>A sudden
thrust or pass, as with a sword.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lunge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lunged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lunging</u> (?).] <def>To make a lunge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lunge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to go round
in a ring, as a horse, while holding his halter.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lunge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Namaycush</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lunged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having lungs, or
breathing organs similar to lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lung"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any fish belonging to the Dipnoi; -- so called because they have
both lungs and gills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lung"-grown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Having lungs that adhere to the pleura.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lun"gie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A guillemot.</def> [Written also <i>longie</i>.] [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lun"gis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>longis</i>. See
<u>Lounge</u>.] <def>A lingerer; a dull, drowsy fellow.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lung"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lun"goor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>lang&umacr;r</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A long-tailed monkey
(<i>Semnopithecus schislaceus</i>), from the mountainous districts of
India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lung"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of parasitic nematoid worms which
infest the lungs and air passages of cattle, sheep, and other
animals, often proving fatal. The lungworm of cattle (<i>Strongylus
micrurus</i>) and that of sheep (<i>S. filaria</i>) are the best
known.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lung"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An herb of the genus <i>Pulmonaria</i>
(<i>P. officinalis</i>), of Europe; -- so called because the spotted
appearance of the leaves resembles that of a diseased lung.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any plant of the genus <i>Mertensia</i>
(esp. <i>M. Virginica</i> and <i>M. Sibirica</i>) plants nearly
related to <i>Pulmonaria</i>. The American lungwort is <i>Mertensia
Virginica</i>, Virginia cowslip.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cow's lungwort</b></col> <cd>mullein.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea
lungwort</b></col>, <cd><i>Mertensia maritima</i>, found on the
seacoast of Northern Europe and America.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree
lungwort</b></col>, <cd>a lichen (<i>Sticta pulmonacea</i>) growing
on trees and rocks. The thallus is lacunose, and in appearance
somewhat resembles the lungs, for diseases of which it was once
thought a remedy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lu"ni*cur"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>luna</i>
moon + E. <i>current</i>.] <def>Having relation to changes in
currents that depend on the moon's phases.</def>  <i>Bache.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"ni*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>luna</i> moon
+ <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>luniforme</i>.] <def>Resembling the moon in
shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"ni*so"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>luna</i>
moon + E. <i>solar</i>: cf. F. <i>lunisolaire</i>.] <def>Resulting
from the united action, or pertaining to the mutual relations, of the
sun and moon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lunisolar precession</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>that
portion of the annual precession of the equinoxes which depends on
the joint action of the sun and moon.</cd> -- <col><b>Lunisolar
year</b></col>, <cd>a period of time, at the end of which, in the
Julian calendar, the new and full moons and the eclipses recur on the
same days of the week and month and year as in the previous period.
It consists of 532 common years, being the least common multiple of
the numbers of years in the cycle of the sun and the cycle of the
moon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lu"ni*stice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>luna</i>
moon + <i>sistere</i> to cause to stand.  Cf. <u>Solstice</u>.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The farthest point of the moon's northing and
southing, in its monthly revolution.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lu"ni*tid`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
tidal movements dependent on the moon.</def>  <i>Bache.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lunitidal interval</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Retard</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Lunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>lont</i>; akin to
Dan. &amp; G. <i>lunte</i>, Sw. <i>lunta</i>.  Cf. <u>Link</u> a torch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The match cord formerly used in firing
cannon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A puff of smoke.</def> [Scotch.]
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lu"nu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Lunul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., prop., a little moon. See
<u>Lunule</u>.] <i>(Anat. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Lunule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"nu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lunulaire</i>. See <u>Lunula</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a
form like that of the new moon; shaped like a crescent.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lu"nu*late</hw> (?), <hw>Lu"nu*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lunula</u>.] <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Resembling a small crescent.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"nule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>lunula</i>, dim. of <i>luna</i> moon.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Anything crescent-shaped; a crescent-shaped part
or mark; a lunula; a lune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A lune. See
<u>Lune</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
small or narrow crescent.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A special
area in front of the beak of many bivalve shells. It sometimes has
the shape of a double crescent, but is oftener heart-shaped. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bivalve</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"nu*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>lunule</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small spot, shaped like a
half-moon or crescent; as, the <i>lunulet</i> on the wings of many
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"nu*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lunule</i> +
<i>-life</i>: cf. F. <i>lunulithe.</i> See <u>Lunula</u>.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Any bryozoan of the genus <i>Lunulites</i>,
having a more or less circular form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Shortened fr.
<i>lunatic</i>.] <def>Crazy; mentally unsound.</def> [Written also
<i>loony</i>.] [Low, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Lu*per"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Lupercalia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu*per"cal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A grotto on the
Palatine Hill sacred to <i>Lupercus</i>, the Lycean Pan.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lu`per*ca"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>luperealis</i>, fr. <i>Lupercus</i> the Lycean Pan, so called fr.
<i>lupus</i> a wolf, because he kept off the wolves.] <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A feast of the Romans in honor of Lupercus, or
Pan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lupinus</i>,
<i>lupinum</i>, apparently fr. <i>lupinus</i> belonging to a wolf,
fr. <i>lupus</i> a wolf; perh. so called because it was supposed to
exhaust the soil: cf. F. <i>lupin</i>.  Cf. <u>Wolf</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leguminous plant of the genus <i>Lupinus</i>,
especially <i>L. albus</i>, the seeds of which have been used for
food from ancient times. The common species of the Eastern United
States is <i>L. perennis</i>. There are many species in
California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lupine</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Wolfish; ravenous.</def>
<i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu"pin*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside found in the seeds of several species of lupine, and
extracted as a yellowish white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"pin*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid found in several species of lupine (<i>Lupinus
luteus</i>, <i>L. albus</i>, etc.), and extracted as a bitter
crystalline substance.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Lu"pu*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lupulin</i>. See <u>Lupuline</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter principle extracted from hops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fine yellow resinous powder found upon
the strobiles or fruit of hops, and containing this bitter
principle.</def> [Written also <i>lupuline</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lu"pu*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>lupulus</i>
the hop, fr. L. <i>lupus</i> the hop: cf. F. <i>lupuline</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid extracted from hops as a colorless
volatile liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu`pu*lin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, hops; specifically, designating
an acid obtained by the decomposition of lupulin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lu"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a wolf. See
<u>Wolf</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cutaneous
disease occurring under two distinct forms.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Lupus erythematosus</i> is characterized by an eruption
of red patches, which become incrusted, leaving superficial scars.
<i>L. vulgaris</i> is marked by the development of nodules which
often ulcerate deeply and produce great deformity. Formerly the
latter was often confounded with cancer, and some varieties of cancer
were included under Lupus.
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The Wolf, a constellation
situated south of Scorpio.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lur*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See its
<u>Lurch</u>.] <def>Gluttony; gormandizing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lurch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>lurcare</i>,
<i>lurcari</i>.] <def>To swallow or eat greedily; to devour; hence,
to swallow up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Too far off from great cities, which may hinder
business; too near them, which <i>lurcheth</i> all provisions, and
maketh everything dear.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lurch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>lourche</i> name of a
game; as adj., deceived, embarrassed.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An old
game played with dice and counters; a variety of the game of
tables.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A double score in cribbage for the winner
when his adversary has been left in the <i>lurch</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lady --- has cried her eyes out on losing a
<i>lurch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To leave one in the lurch</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>In the game of cribbage, to leave one's adversary so far behind
that the game is won before he has scored thirty-one</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To leave one behind; hence, to abandon, or
fail to stand by, a person in a difficulty.</cd> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But though thou'rt of a different church,<BR>
I will not <i>leave thee in the lurch</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Lurch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
leave in the lurch; to cheat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Never deceive or <i>lurch</i> the sincere
communicant.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To steal; to rob.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And in the brunt of seventeen battles since<BR>
He <i>lurched</i> all swords of the garland.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lurch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>llerch</i>,
<i>llerc</i>, a frisk, a frisking backward or forward, a loitering, a
lurking, a lurking, <i>llercian</i>, <i>llerciaw</i>, to be idle, to
frisk; or perh. fr. E. <i>lurch</i> to lurk.] <def>A sudden roll of a
ship to one side, as in heavy weather; hence, a swaying or staggering
movement to one side, as that by a drunken man. Fig.: A sudden and
capricious inclination of the mind.</def></p>

<p><! p. 876 !></p>

<p><hw>Lurch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lurched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lurching</u>.] <def>To roll or sway suddenly to one side, as a
ship or a drunken man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lurch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [A variant of
<i>lurk</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw to one side, or to
a private place; to lurk.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dodge; to shift; to play
tricks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . am fain to shuffle, to hedge, and to
<i>lurch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lurch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Lurch</u> to
lurk.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One that lurches or lies in wait; one
who watches to pilfer, or to betray or entrap; a poacher.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a mongrel breed
of dogs said to have been a cross between the sheep dog, greyhound,
and spaniel. It hunts game silently, by scent, and is often used by
poachers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lurch"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lurco</i>,
<i>lurcho</i>, a glutton. See 1st <u>Lurch</u>.] <def>A glutton; a
gormandizer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lurch"line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The line by
which a fowling net was pulled over so as to inclose the
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lur"dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stupid;
blockish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lur"dan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>lourdin</i>, fr.
<i>lourd</i> heavy, dull, thick-headed. See <u>Lord</u>.] <def>A
blockhead.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>loire</i>,
<i>loirre</i>, <i>loerre</i>, F. <i>leurre</i> lure, decoy; of German
origin; cf. MHG. <i>luoder</i>, G. <i>luder</i> lure, carrion.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance somewhat resembling a bird, and
often baited with raw meat; -- used by falconers in recalling
hawks.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any enticement; that which invites by the
prospect of advantage or pleasure; a decoy.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Hat Making)</i> <def>A velvet smoothing
brush.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lure</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Luring</u>.] [OF. <i>loirer</i>, <i>loirier</i>, F.
<i>leurrer</i>. See <u>Lure</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To draw
to the lure; hence, to allure or invite by means of anything that
promises pleasure or advantage; to entice; to attract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am not <i>lured</i> with love.</blockquote> <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And various science <i>lures</i> the learned
eye.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lure</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To recall a hawk or
other animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lurg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large marine annelid (<i>Nephthys c&aelig;ca</i>), inhabiting the
sandy shores of Europe and America. It is whitish, with a pearly
luster, and grows to the length of eight or ten inches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>luridus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pale yellow; ghastly pale; wan; gloomy;
dismal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fierce o'er their beauty blazed the <i>lurid</i>
flame.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wrapped in drifts of <i>lurid</i> smoke<BR>
On the misty river tide.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a brown color tinged
with red, as of flame seen through smoke.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of a color tinged with
purple, yellow, and gray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lurk</hw> (l&ucirc;rk), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lurked</u> (l&ucirc;rkt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Lurking</u>.] [OE. <i>lurken</i>, <i>lorken</i>,
prob. a dim. from the source of E. <i>lower</i> to frown. See
<u>Lower</u>, and cf. <u>Lurch</u>, a sudden roll, <u>Lurch</u> to
lurk.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lie hid; to lie in wait.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like wild beasts, <i>lurking</i> in loathsome
den.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us . . . <i>lurk</i> privily for the
innocent.</blockquote> <i>Prov. i. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep out of sight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The defendant <i>lurks</i> and wanders about in
Berks.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lurk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who lurks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small fishing boat.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>llwry</i>
precipitant, a provision.] <def>A confused heap; a throng, as of
persons; a jumble, as of sounds.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To turn prayer into a kind of
<i>lurry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lus"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prob. for
<i>lustious</i>, fr. <i>lusty</i>, or perh. a corruption of
<i>luxurious</i>.  Cf. <u>Lush</u>, <u>Lusty</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sweet; delicious; very grateful to the
taste; toothsome; excessively sweet or rich.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And raisins keep their <i>luscious</i>, native
taste.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cloying; fulsome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had a tedious, <i>luscious</i> way of
talking.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gratifying a depraved sense;
obscene.</def> [R.]  <i>Steele.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Lus"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lus"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lu"sern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>loup-
cervier</i>, L. <i>lupus cervarius</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
lynx. See 1st <u>Lucern</u> and <u>Loup-cervier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lush</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prob. an abbrev. of
<i>lushious</i>, fr. <i>luscious</i>.] <def>Full of juice or
succulence.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>lush</i> and lusty the grass looks! how
green!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lush"burg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Lussheburgh</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lu`si*ta"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to Lusitania, the ancient name of the region almost coinciding with
Portugal.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the people of
Lusitania.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lusk</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lazy; slothful.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lusk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lazy fellow; a
lubber.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Kendall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lusk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be idle or
unemployed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lusk"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to be
lazy.</def> <i>Marston.</i> -- <wf>Lusk"ish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -<wf>Lusk"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lu*so"ri*ous</hw> (?), <hw>Lu"so*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lusorius</i>. See <u>Illusory</u>.]
<def>Used in play; sportive; playful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lus"she*burgh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spurious
coin of light weight imported into England from <i>Luxemburg</i>, or
Lussheburgh, as it was formerly called.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God wot, no <i>Lussheburghes</i> payen
ye.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lust</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>lust</i>,
<i>lust</i>, pleasure, longing; akin to OS., D., G., &amp; Sw.
<i>lust</i>, Dan. &amp; Icel. <i>lyst</i>, Goth <i>lustus</i>, and perh.
tom Skr. <i>lush</i> to desire, or to E. <i>loose</i>.  Cf.
<u>List</u> to please, <u>Listless</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pleasure.</def> [Obs.] " Lust and jollity."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclination; desire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For little <i>lust</i> had she to talk of
aught.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>lust</i> to devotion is little.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Longing desire; eagerness to possess or
enjoy; -- in a had sense; as, the <i>lust</i> of gain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>lust</i> of reigning.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Licentious craving; sexual appetite.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Virility; vigor; active
power.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lust</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lusted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lusting</u>.] [AS. <i>lystan</i>. See <u>Lust</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. List to choose.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To list; to like.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> " Do so if thou
<i>lust</i>. "  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In earlier usage <i>lust</i> was impersonal.</p>

<p><blockquote>In the water vessel he it cast<BR>
When that him <i>luste</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have an eager, passionate, and
especially an inordinate or sinful desire, as for the gratification
of the sexual appetite or of covetousness; -- often with
<i>after</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever thy soul <i>lusteth</i> after.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. xii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever looketh on a woman to <i>lust</i> after her,
hath committed adultery with her already in his heart.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. v. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The spirit that dwelleth in us <i>lusteth</i> to
envy.</blockquote> <i>James iv. 5. </i></p>

<p><hw>Lust"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
lusts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lus"ter</hw> <hw>Lus"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lustrum</i>: cf. F. <i>lustre</i>.] <def>A period of five years; a
lustrum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both of us have closed the tenth
<i>luster</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lus"ter</hw>, <hw>Lus"tre</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>lustre</i>; cf. It. <i>lustro</i>; both fr. L. <i>lustrare</i> to
purify, go about (like the priests at the lustral sacrifice),
traverse, survey, illuminate, fr. <i>lustrum</i> a purificatory
sacrifice; perh. akin to E. <i>loose</i>. But <i>lustrare</i> to
illuminate is perh. a different word, and akin to L. <i>lucere</i> to
be light or clear, to shine. See <u>Lucid</u>, and cf.
<u>Illustrious</u>, <u>Lustrum</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Brilliancy; splendor; brightness;
glitter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The right mark and very true <i>luster</i> of the
diamond.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The scorching sun was mounted high,<BR>
In all its <i>luster</i>, to the noonday sky.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; There is a tendency to limit the use of <i>luster</i>, in
this sense, to the brightness of things which do not shine with their
own light, or at least do not blaze or glow with heat. One speaks of
the <i>luster</i> of a diamond, or of silk, or even of the stars, but
not often now of the <i>luster</i> of the sun, a coal of fire, or the
like.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Renown; splendor; distinction;
glory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His ancestors continued about four hundred years,
rather without obscurity than with any great
<i>luster</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A candlestick, chandelier, girandole, or
the like, generally of an ornamental character.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The appearance of the
surface of a mineral as affected by, or dependent upon, peculiarities
of its reflecting qualities.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The principal kinds of luster recognized are:
<i>metallic</i>, <i>adamantine</i>, <i>vitreous</i>, <i>resinous</i>,
<i>greasy</i>, <i>pearly</i>, and <i>silky</i>. With respect to
intensity, <i>luster</i> is characterized as <i>splendent</i>,
<i>shining</i>, <i>glistening</i>, <i>glimmering</i>, and
<i>dull</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A substance which imparts luster to a
surface, as plumbago and some of the glazes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A fabric of wool and cotton with a
lustrous surface, -- used for women's dresses.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Luster ware</b></col>, <cd>earthenware decorated by
applying to the glazing metallic oxides, which acquire brilliancy in
the process of baking.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lus"ter</hw>, <hw>Lus"tre</hw>, } <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Lustred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Lustering</u>, or <u>Lustring</u>.] <def>To make
lustrous.</def> [R. &amp; Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Flooded and <i>lustered</i> with her loosened
gold.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lus"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of imparting a luster, as to
pottery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The brightening of a metal in the crucible
when it becomes pure, as in certain refining processes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lus"ter*less</hw>, <hw>Lus"tre*less</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of luster; dim; dull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lust"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of lust; excited by lust.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exciting lust; characterized by lust or
sensuality.</def> " <i>Lustful</i> orgies."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Strong; lusty.</def> [Obs.] "
<i>Lustful</i> health."  <i>Sackville.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- sensual; fleshly; carnal; inordinate; licentious;
lewd; unchaste; impure; libidinous; lecherous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Lust"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lust"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lus"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lusty;
vigorous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lus"ti*head</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lusty</i> +
<i>-head</i>.] <def>See <u>Lustihood</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lus"ti*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lusty</i> +
<i>-hood</i>.] <def>State of being lusty; vigor of body.</def> " Full
of <i>lustihood</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lus"ti*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lusty or
vigorous manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lus"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
lusty; vigor; strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lust"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF.
<u>Listless</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lacking vigor; weak;
spiritless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from sexual lust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lus"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lustralis</i>,
fr. <i>lustrum</i>: cf. F. <i>lustral</i>. See <u>Lustrum</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, or used for,
purification; as, <i>lustral</i> days; <i>lustral</i>
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a lustrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lus"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lustrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lustrating</u> (?).] [L. <i>lustratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>lustrare</i> to lustrate, fr. <i>lustrum</i>. See <u>Lustrum</u>.]
<def>To make clear or pure by means of a propitiatory offering; to
purify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must purge, and cleanse, and <i>lustrate</i> the
whole city.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lus*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lustratio</i>: cf. F. <i>lustration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of lustrating or purifying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And holy water for <i>lustration</i>
bring.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A sacrifice, or ceremony,
by which cities, fields, armies, or people, defiled by crimes,
pestilence, or other cause of uncleanness, were purified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lus"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Luster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lus"tri*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lustricus</i>, fr. <i>lustrum</i>. See <u>Lustrum</u>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or used for, purification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lus"tring</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lustrine</i>,
It. <i>lustrino</i>, fr. <i>lustrare</i> to polish, L.
<i>lustrare</i>. See 3d <u>Luster</u>, and cf. <u>Lutestring</u>.]
<def>A kind of glossy silk fabric. See <u>Lutestring</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lus"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lustreux</i>. See 3d <u>Luster</u>.] <def>Bright; shining;
luminous.</def> " Good sparks and <i>lustrous</i>." <i>Shak.</i> --
<wf>Lus"trous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lus"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Lustrums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Lustra</b></plw> (#). [L.
Cf. 2d &amp; 3d <u>Luster</u>.] <def>A lustration or purification,
especially the purification of the whole Roman people, which was made
by the censors once in five years. Hence: A period of five
years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lust"wort`</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sundew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lust"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Lustier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Lustiest</u>.] [From <u>Lust</u>. See
<u>Lust</u>, and cf. <u>Luscious</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting lust or vigor; stout; strong;
vigorous; robust; healthful; able of body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither would their old men, so many as were yet
vigorous and <i>lusty</i>, be left at home.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Beautiful; handsome; pleasant.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of large size; big. [Obs.] " Three
<i>lusty</i> vessels." <i>Evelyn.</i> Hence, sometimes,
pregnant.</def> [Obs. or Prov.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Lustful; lascivious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lu"sus na*tu"r&aelig;</hw> (?). [L., fr. <i>lusus</i> sport
+ <i>naturae</i>, gen. of <i>natura</i> nature.] <def>Sport or freak
of nature; a deformed or unnatural production.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lut"a*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>lutanista</i>, fr. <i>lutana</i> lute. See <u>Lute</u> the
instrument.] <def>A person that plays on the lute.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu*ta"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lutarius</i> fr. <i>lutum</i> mud.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or
like, mud; living in mud.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lutare</i>,
<i>lutatum</i>, to bedaub with mud, fr. <i>lutum</i> mud: cf. F.
<i>lutation</i>.] <def>The act or method of luting vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lutum</i> mud,
clay: cf. OF. <i>lut</i>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
cement of clay or other tenacious infusible substance for sealing
joints in apparatus, or the mouths of vessels or tubes, or for
coating the bodies of retorts, etc., when exposed to heat; -- called
also <i>luting</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A packing ring, as of rubber, for fruit
jars, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Brick Making)</i> <def>A straight-edged
piece of wood for striking off superfluous clay from mold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lute</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Luted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Luting</u>.] <def>To close or seal with lute; as, to <i>lute</i>
on the cover of a crucible; to <i>lute</i> a joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lute</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>leut</i>, F.
<i>luth</i>; skin to Pr. <i>la&uacute;t</i>, It. <i>li&uacute;to</i>,
<i>le&uacute;to</i>, Sp. <i>la&uacute;d</i>, Pg. <i>alaude</i>; all
fr. Ar. <i>al'&?;d</i>; <i>al</i> the + <i>'&?;d</i> wood, timber,
trunk or branch of a tree, staff, stick, wood of aloes, lute or
harp.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A stringed instrument formerly much in use.
It consists of four parts, namely, the table or front, the body,
having nine or ten ribs or "sides," arranged like the divisions of a
melon, the neck, which has nine or ten frets or divisions, and the
head, or cross, in which the screws for tuning are inserted. The
strings are struck with the right hand, and with the left the stops
are pressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lute</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sound, as a
lute.</def> <i>Piers Plowman.</i> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lute</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To play on a lute, or
as on a lute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Knaves are men<BR>
That <i>lute</i> and flute fantastic tenderness.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lute"-backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
curved spine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu*te"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from, weld
(<i>Reseda luteola</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining
to, or designating, an acid resembling luteolin, but obtained from
the flowers of <i>Euphorbia cyparissias</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"te*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From corpus
<i>lute</i>um.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A substance of a
strongly marked yellow color, extracted from the yelk of eggs, and
from the tissue of the corpus luteum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lut"e*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Lutanist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"te*o-</hw> (?). [L. <i>luteus</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
combining form signifying <i>orange yellow</i> or <i>brownish
yellow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"te*o*co*balt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, certain compounds
of cobalt having a yellow color.  Cf. <u>Cobaltic</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Luteocobaltic chloride</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
brilliant reddish yellow crystalline compound,
Co<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>6</sub>(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>12</sub>, obtained
by the action of ammonium chloride on an ammoniacal solution of
cobaltic chloride.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lu"te*o*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From NL. Reseda
<i>luteola</i>, fr. L. <i>luteolus</i> yellowish, fr. <i>luteus</i>:
cf. F. <i>lut&eacute;oline</i>. See <u>Luteous</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A yellow dyestuff obtained from the foliage of the dyer's broom
(<i>Reseda luteola</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"te*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>luteus</i>,
fr. <i>lutum</i> dyer's broom, weld, which is used as a yellow dye.]
<def>Yellowish; more or less like buff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lut"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 3d <u>Lute</u>.]
<def>One who plays on a lute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lut"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Ist <u>Lute</u>.]
<def>One who applies lute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu*tes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>luteus</i>
yellow.] <def>Of a yellowish color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lute"string`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>lustring</i>.] <def>A plain, stout, lustrous silk, used for
ladies' dresses and for ribbon.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Luth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The leatherback.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"ther*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to <i>Luther</i>; adhering to the doctrines of
Luther or the Lutheran Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"ther*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One who accepts or adheres to the doctrines of Luther or the
Lutheran Church.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lu"ther*an*ism</hw>, <hw>Lu"ther*ism</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrines taught by Luther or held by
the Lutheran Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"thern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>lucarne</i> a
dormer, dormer window, garret window, L. <i>lucerna</i> lamp, fr.
<i>lucere</i> to be light or clear, fr. <i>lux</i> light. See
<u>Light</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Lucarne</u>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A dormer window. See <u>Dormer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"ti*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>toluidine</i>, by transposition.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of
several metameric alkaloids,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>3</sub>N.(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, of the
pyridine series, obtained from bone oil as liquids, and having
peculiar pungent odors. These alkaloids are also called respectively
<i>dimethyl pyridine</i>, <i>ethyl pyridine</i>, etc.</def>
</p>

<p><! p. 877 !></p>

<p><hw>Lut"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Lute</u>, a cement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lut"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who plays on a
lute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu*tose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lutosus</i>,
fr. <i>lutum</i> mud.] <def>Covered with clay; miry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"tu*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being lutulent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu"tu*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lutulentus</i>, fr. <i>lutum</i> mud.] <def>Muddy; turbid;
thick.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lu*wack"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Paradoxure</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lux</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>luxer</i>.
See <u>Luxate</u>.] <def>To put out of joint; to luxate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lux"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>luxatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>luxare</i> to dislocate.] <def>Luxated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lux"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Luxated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Luxating</u> (?).] <def>To displace, or remove from its proper
place, as a joint; to put out of joint; to dislocate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lux*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>luxatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>luxation</i>.] <def>The act of luxating, or the state of
being luxated; a dislocation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Luxe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>luxus</i>: cf. F.
<i>luxe</i>.] <def>Luxury.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>||&Eacute;dition de luxe</b></col> (&?;). [F.]
<i>(Printing)</i> <cd>A sumptuous edition as regards paper,
illustrations, binding, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lux"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to luxury;
voluptuous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lux*ul"li*an*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called
from <i>Luxullian</i>, in Cornwall.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of
granite from Luxullian, Cornwall, characterized by the presence of
radiating groups of minute tourmaline crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lux*u"ri*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>luxuriance</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being luxuriant;
rank, vigorous growth; excessive abundance produced by rank
growth.</def> "Tropical <i>luxuriance</i>."  <i>B. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lux*u"ri*an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being luxuriant; luxuriance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flowers grow up in the garden in the greatest
<i>luxuriancy</i> and profusion.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lux*u"ri*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>luxurians</i>, p. pr. of <i>luxuriare</i>: cf. F.
<i>luxuriant</i>. See <u>Luxuriate</u>.] <def>Exuberant in growth;
rank; excessive; very abundant; as, a <i>luxuriant</i> growth of
grass; <i>luxuriant</i> foliage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prune the <i>luxuriant</i>, the uncouth
refine.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Luxuriant flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>one in which
the floral envelopes are overdeveloped at the expense of the
essential organs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lux*u"ri*ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
luxuriant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lux*u"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Luxuriated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Luxuriating</u>.] [L. <i>luxuriatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>luxuriari</i>, <i>-are</i>, to luxuriate. See <u>Luxury</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grow exuberantly; to grow to
superfluous abundance.</def> " Corn <i>luxuriates</i> in a better
mold."  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feed or live luxuriously; as, the herds
<i>luxuriate</i> in the pastures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To indulge with unrestrained delight and
freedom; as, to <i>luxuriate</i> in description.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lux*u`ri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of luxuriating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lux`u*ri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Luxuriance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lux*u"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>luxuriosus</i>: cf. F. <i>luxurieux</i>. See <u>Luxury</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to luxury; ministering to luxury; supplied with
the conditions of luxury; as, a <i>luxurious</i> life; a
<i>luxurious</i> table; <i>luxurious</i> ease.</def> "
<i>Luxurious</i> cities. "  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Lux*u"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Lux*u"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lux"u*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One given to
luxury.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lux"u*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Luxuries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>luxuria</i>, fr. <i>luxus</i>:
cf. F. <i>luxure</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A free indulgence in
costly food, dress, furniture, or anything expensive which gratifies
the appetites or tastes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Riches expose a man to pride and
<i>luxury</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which pleases the senses, and is
also costly, or difficult to obtain; an expensive rarity; as, silks,
jewels, and rare fruits are <i>luxuries</i>; in some countries ice is
a great <i>luxury</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He cut the side of a rock for a garden, and, by laying
on it earth, furnished out a kind of <i>luxury</i> for a
hermit.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lechery; lust.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Luxury</i> is in wine and drunkenness.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Luxuriance; exuberance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Voluptuousness; epicurism; effeminacy; sensuality;
lasciviousness; dainty; delicacy; gratification.</p>

<p><hw>Luz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bone of the human
body which was supposed by certain Rabbinical writers to be
indestructible. Its location was a matter of dispute.</def> <i>Brande
& C.</i></p>

<p><hw>-ly</hw> (?). [OE. <i>-lich</i>, AS. <i>-lic</i>, orig. the
same word as E. <i>like</i>, a. See <u>Like</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A suffix forming adjectives and adverbs,
and denoting <i>likeness</i> or <i>resemblance</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly"am</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Leam</u>.] <def>A
leash.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ly"can*thrope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; a
wolf + &?; a man.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A human being fabled to
have been changed into a wolf; a werewolf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One affected with lycanthropy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ly`can*thro"pi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>See <u>Lycanthropy</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly`can*throp"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to lycanthropy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly*can"thro*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
affected by the disease lycanthropy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly*can"thro*pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Lycanthropic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly*can"thro*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>lycanthropie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The supposed act of
turning one's self or another person into a wolf.</def>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of erratic
melancholy, in which the patient imagines himself a wolf, and
imitates the actions of that animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly*ce"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Lyceums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Lycea</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>lyceum</i>, Gr. &?;, so named after the neighboring temple of &?;
&?; Apollo the wolf slayer, prob. fr. &?; belonging to a wolf, fr &?;
wolf. See <u>Wolf</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place of exercise
with covered walks, in the suburbs of Athens, where Aristotle taught
philosophy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A house or apartment appropriated to
instruction by lectures or disquisitions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A higher school, in Europe, which prepares
youths for the university.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An association for debate and literary
improvement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lyche</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ly"chee`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Litchi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lych" gate`</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Lich</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lych"nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of red
flower, Gr. <grk>lychni`s</grk>; cf. <grk>ly`chnos</grk> a lamp.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of Old World plants belonging to the Pink
family (<i>Caryophyllace&aelig;</i>). Most of the species have
brilliantly colored flowers and cottony leaves, which may have
anciently answered as wicks for lamps. The botanical name is in
common use for the garden species. The corn cockle (<i>Lychnis
Githago</i>) is a common weed in wheat fields.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lych"no*bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ly`chnos</grk> a lamp + <grk>bi`os</grk> life.] <def>One who
labors at night and sleeps in the day.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lych"no*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-
scope</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <i>Low side window</i>, under
Low, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Lyc"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
weak base identical with betaine; -- so called because found in the
boxthorn (<i>Lycium barbarum</i>). See <u>Betaine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ly`co*per"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; wolf + &?; to break wind.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of fungi,
remarkable for the great quantity of spores, forming a fine dust,
which is thrown out like smoke when the plant is compressed or burst;
puffball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly"co*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>lycopode</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
Lycopodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly"co*pode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Same as
<i>Lycopodium powder</i>. See under <u>Lycopodium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly`co*po`di*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Belonging, or relating, to the
<i>Lycopodiace&aelig;</i>, an order of cryptogamous plants (called
also <i>club mosses</i>) with branching stems, and small, crowded,
one-nerved, and usually pointed leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly*cop"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>An old name for a fossil club moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly`co*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; wolf + &?;, &?;, a foot.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of mosslike
plants, the type of the order <i>Lycopodiace&aelig;</i>; club
moss.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lycopodium powder</b></col>, <cd>a fine powder or dust
composed of the spores of Lycopodium, and other plants of the order
<i>Lycopodiace&aelig;</i>. It is highly inflammable, and is sometimes
used in the manufacture of fireworks, and the artificial
representation of lightning.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ly*cot"ro*pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; hook +
&?; to turn.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Campylotropous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lyd"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Leden</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lyd"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Lydius</i>, fr.
<i>Lydia</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to Lydia, a country of
Asia Minor, or to its inhabitants; hence, soft; effeminate; -- said
especially of one of the ancient Greek modes or keys, the music in
which was of a soft, pathetic, or voluptuous character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Softly sweet in <i>Lydian</i> measures,<BR>
Soon he soothed his soul to pleasures.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lydian stone</b></col>, <cd>a flint slate used by the
ancients to try gold and silver; a touchstone. See
<u>Basanite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lyd"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Dyeing)</i> <def>A
violet dye derived from aniline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lye</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>lie</i>
and <i>ley</i>.] [AS. <i>le&aacute;h</i>; akin to D. <i>loog</i>,
OHG. <i>louga</i>, G. <i>lauge</i>; cf. Icel. <i>laug</i> a bath, a
hot spring.] <def>A strong caustic alkaline solution of potassium
salts, obtained by leaching wood ashes. It is much used in making
soap, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lye</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A short
side line, connected with the main line; a turn-out; a siding.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Lye</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A falsehood.</def> [Obs.]
See <u>Lie</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Ly`en*ceph"a*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; to loose + &?; the brain.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group
of Mammalia, including the marsupials and monotremes; -- so called
because the corpus callosum is rudimentary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly`en*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the
Lyencephala.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly"er*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The cicada.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly*go"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
flexible; &?; a willow twig + &?; form.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of ferns with twining or climbing fronds, bearing stalked and
variously-lobed divisions in pairs.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Lygodium palmatum</i>, much prized for indoor ornament,
inhabits shaded and moist grassy places, from Massachusetts to
Virginia and Kentucky, and sparingly southwards.</p>

<p><hw>Ly"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Lie</u>, to tell a falsehood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly"ing</hw>, <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <def>of
<u>Lie</u>, to be supported horizontally.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lying panel</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a panel in which
the grain of the wood is horizontal.</cd> [R.] -- <col><b>Lying
to</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>having the sails so disposed as to
counteract each other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ly"ing-in"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state attending, and consequent to, childbirth;
confinement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of bearing a child.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lying manner;
falsely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly"ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Like</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <def>To please; -- chiefly used
impersonally.</def> [Obs.] " Sith it <i>lyketh</i> you."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lym</hw> (?), or <hw>Lym"hound`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dog held in a leam; a bloodhound; a
limehound.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ly*mail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Limaille</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lyme" grass`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A coarse perennial
grass of several species of <i>Elymus</i>, esp. <i>E. Canadensis</i>,
and the European <i>E. arenarius</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lymph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lympha</i>: cf. F.
<i>lymphe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spring of water; hence,
water, or a pure, transparent liquid like water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fountain bubbled up, whose <i>lymph</i> serene<BR>
Nothing of earthly mixture might distain.</blockquote>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An alkaline colorless
fluid, contained in the lymphatic vessels, coagulable like blood, but
free from red blood corpuscles. It is absorbed from the various
tissues and organs of the body, and is finally discharged by the
thoracic and right lymphatic ducts into the great veins near the
heart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A fibrinous material exuded
from the blood vessels in inflammation. In the process of healing it
is either absorbed, or is converted into connective tissue binding
the inflamed surfaces together.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lymph corpuscles</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>finely
granular nucleated cells, identical with the colorless blood
corpuscles, present in the lymph and chyle.</cd> -- <col><b>Lymph
duct</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a lymphatic.</cd> -- <col><b>Lymph
heart</b></col>. <cd>See Note under <u>Heart</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Lym`pha*de*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Lymph</u>, and <u>Adenitis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation
of the lymphatic glands; -- called also <i>lymphitis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lym`pha*de*no"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Lymph</u>, <u>Aden-</u>, and <u>-oma</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Lymphoma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lym*phan`ge*i"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
L. <i>lympha</i> lymph + Gr. &?; vessel + <i>-itis</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the lymphatic vessels.</def>
[Written also <i>lymphangitis</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Lym*phan"gi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lymphangeitis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
lymphatics, or lymphoid tissue; lymphatic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lymph"ate</hw> (?), <hw>Lymph"a*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lymphatus</i>, p. p. of <i>lymphare</i>
to water, dilute with water, to drive out of one's senses, to make
mad.] <def>Frightened into madness; raving.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Lym*phat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lymphaticus</i> distracted, frantic: cf. F. <i>lymphatique</i>]
<def>pertaining to, containing, or conveying lymph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Madly enthusiastic; frantic.</def> [Obs.]
" <i>Lymphatic</i> rapture. " <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i> [See
<u>Lymphate</u>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Lymphatic gland</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the
solid glandlike bodies connected with the lymphatics or the lacteals;
-- called also <i>lymphatic ganglion</i>, and <i>conglobate
gland</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lymphatic temperament</b></col> <i>(Old
Physiol.)</i>, <cd>a temperament in which the lymphatic system seems
to predominate, that is, a system in which the complexion lacks color
and the tissues seem to be of loose texture; hence, a temperament
lacking energy, inactive, indisposed to exertion or excitement. See
<u>Temperament</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lym*phat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the lymphatic or absorbent vessels, which
carry lymph and discharge it into the veins; lymph duct; lymphatic
duct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mad enthusiast; a lunatic.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Lym*phi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <u>Lymphadenitis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lym`pho*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lymph</i> +
root of L. <i>gignere</i> to produce.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Connected with, or formed in, the lymphatic glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lym*phog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Lymph</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of the lymphatic vessels, their
origin and uses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lymph"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lymph</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling lymph; also, resembling a
lymphatic gland; adenoid; as, <i>lymphoid</i> tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lym*pho"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Lymph</u>, and <u>-oma</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor having a
structure resembling that of a lymphatic gland; -- called also
<i>lymphadenoma</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malignant lymphoma</b></col>, <cd>a fatal disease
characterized by the formation in various parts of the body of new
growths resembling lymphatic glands in structure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lymph"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing, or
like, lymph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lyn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A waterfall. See
<u>Lin</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Lyn*ce"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Lynx</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the lynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lynch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lynched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lynching</u>.] [See Note under <u>Lynch law</u>.] <def>To inflict
punishment upon, especially death, without the forms of law, as when
a mob captures and hangs a suspected person. See <u>Lynch
law</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lynch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who assists
in lynching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lynch" law`</hw> (?). <def>The act or practice by private
persons of inflicting punishment for crimes or offenses, without due
process of law.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>Lynch law</i> is said to be derived from a
Virginian named Lynch, who took the law into his own hands. But the
origin of the term is very doubtful.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Lynde</hw> (?), <hw>Lyn"den</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Linden</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lyne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Linen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lynx</hw> (l&ibreve;&nsm;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>lynx</i>, <i>lyncis</i>, Gr. <grk>ly`gx</grk>; akin to AS.
<i>lox</i>, G. <i>luchs</i>, prob. named from its sharp sight, and
akin to E. <i>light</i>. See <u>Light</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Ounce</u> an animal.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of feline animals of the genus
<i>Felis</i>, and subgenus <i>Lynx</i>. They have a short tail, and
usually a pencil of hair on the tip of the ears.</def></p>

<p><! p. 878 !></p>

<p>&fist; Among the well-known species are the European lynx
(<i>Felis borealis</i>); the Canada lynx or loup-cervier (<i>F.
Canadensis</i>); the bay lynx of America (<i>F. rufa</i>), and its
western spotted variety (<i>var. maculata</i>); and the pardine lynx
(<i>F. pardina</i>) of Southern Europe.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the northern
constellations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lynx"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having acute
sight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly`on`naise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>lyonnaise</i>, fem. of <i>lyonnais</i> of Lyons.] <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>Applied to boiled potatoes cut into small pieces and heated in
oil or butter. They are usually flavored with onion and
parsley.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ly`o*po"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; to loose + &?;, &?;, a lid.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of brachiopods, in which the valves of shell are not
articulated by a hinge. It includes the Lingula, Discina, and allied
forms.</def> [Written also <i>Lyopoma</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ly"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lyra</i>, Gr.
&?;. See <u>Lyre</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A
northern constellation, the Harp, containing a white star of the
first magnitude, called <i>Alpha Lyr&aelig;</i>, <i>or
Vega</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The middle portion of the
ventral surface of the fornix of the brain; -- so called from the
arrangement of the lines with which it is marked in the human
brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly"ra*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Lyrid</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ly"rate</hw> (?), <hw>Ly"ra*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>lyratus</i>. See <u>Lyre</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Lyre-shaped, or spatulate and
oblong, with small lobes toward the base; as, a <i>lyrate</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Shaped like a lyre, as
the tail of the blackcock, or that of the lyre bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lyre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>lire</i>, OF.
<i>lyre</i>, L. <i>lyra</i>, Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>Lyra</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A stringed instrument of music;
a kind of harp much used by the ancients, as an accompaniment to
poetry.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The lyre was the peculiar instrument of Apollo, the
tutelary god of music and poetry. It gave name to the species of
verse called lyric, to which it originally furnished an
accompaniment.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the
constellations; Lyra. See <u>Lyra</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lyre bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small bat
(<i>Megaderma lyra</i>), inhabiting India and Ceylon. It is
remarkable for the enormous size and curious shape of the nose
membrane and ears.</cd> -- <col><b>Lyre turtle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the leatherback.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Lyre" bird`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of two
or three species of Australian birds of the genus <i>Menura</i>. The
male is remarkable for having the sixteen tail feathers very long
and, when spread, arranged in the form of a lyre. The common lyre
bird (<i>Menura superba</i>), inhabiting New South Wales, is about
the size of a grouse. Its general color is brown, with rufous color
on the throat, wings, tail coverts and tail. Called also <i>lyre
pheasant</i> and <i>lyre-tail</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lyr"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Lyr"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>lyricus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>lyrique</i>. See <u>Lyre</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to a lyre or harp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to be sung to the lyre; hence,
also, appropriate for song; -- said especially of poetry which
expresses the individual emotions of the poet.</def> "Sweet
<i>lyric</i> song."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lyr"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
lyric poem; a lyrical composition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A composer of lyric poems.</def> [R.]
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A verse of the kind usually employed in
lyric poetry; -- used chiefly in the <i>plural</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lyr"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
lyrical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lyr"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lyric
composition.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ly"rid</hw> (l&imacr;"r&ibreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the group of shooting stars which come
into the air in certain years on or about the 19th of April; -- so
called because the apparent path among the stars if produced
backwards crosses the constellation <i>Lyra</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly"rie</hw> (l&imacr;"r&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>hl&ymacr;ri</i> a sort of fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
European fish (<i>Peristethus cataphractum</i>), having the body
covered with bony plates, and having three spines projecting in front
of the nose; -- called also <i>noble</i>, <i>pluck</i>, <i>pogge</i>,
<i>sea poacher</i>, and <i>armed bullhead</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ly*rif"er*ous</hw> (l&isl;*r&ibreve;f"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Lyre</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a lyre-shaped shoulder girdle, as
certain fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lyr"ism</hw> (l&imacr;r"&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. Gr. <grk>lyrismo`s</grk>.] <def>The act of playing on a lyre or
harp.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lyr"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>lyristes</i>, Gr.
<grk>lyristh`s</grk>: cf. F. <i>lyriste</i>.] <def>A musician who
plays on the harp or lyre; a composer of lyrical poetry.</def>
<i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ly*sim"e*ter</hw> (l&isl;*s&ibreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ly`sis</grk> a loosing + <i>-
meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the water that
percolates through a certain depth of soil.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ly"sis</hw> (l&imacr;"s&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ly`sis</grk>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The resolution
or favorable termination of a disease, coming on gradually and not
marked by abrupt change.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is usually contrasted with <i>crisis</i>, in which the
improvement is sudden and marked; as, pneumonia ends by
<i>crisis</i>, typhoid fever by <i>lysis</i>.</p>

<p><hw>||Lys"sa</hw> (l&ibreve;s"s&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Lytta</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hydrophobia.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The plural (<i>Lyss&aelig;</i>) has been used to signify
the pustules supposed to be developed under the tongue in
hydrophobia.</p>

<p><hw>Ly*te"ri*an</hw> (l&isl;*t&emacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>lyth`rios</grk> healing, fr.
<grk>lyth`r</grk> a deliverer, fr. <grk>ly`ein</grk> to loosen.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Terminating a disease; indicating the end of a
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lythe</hw> (l&imacr;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European pollack; -- called also
<i>laith</i>, and <i>leet</i>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Lythe</hw> (l&imacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Lithe</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Soft; flexible.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lyth`on*thrip"tic</hw>
(l&ibreve;th`&obreve;n*thr&ibreve;p"t&ibreve;k),
<hw>Lyth`on*trip"tic</hw> (-tr&ibreve;p"t&ibreve;k) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Lithontriptic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lyt"ta</hw> (l&ibreve;t"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Lytt&aelig;</b></plw> (-t&emacr;). [L., a worm
said to grow under the tongue of dogs, and to cause canine madness,
fr. Gr. <grk>ly`tta</grk>, <grk>ly`ssa</grk>, lit., madness.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A fibrous and muscular band lying within the
longitudinal axis of the tongue in many mammals, as the
dog.</def></p>

<p><point26>M.</point26></p>

<p><hw>M</hw> (&ebreve;m). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>M, the thirteenth
letter of the English alphabet, is a vocal consonant, and from the
manner of its formation, is called the <i>labio-nasal</i> consonant.
See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 178-180,
242.</def></p>

<p>    The letter M came into English from the Greek, through the
Latin, the form of the Greek letter being further derived from the
Ph&oelig;nician, and ultimately, it is believed, from the Egyptian.
Etymologically M is related to <i>n</i>, in li<i>me</i>,
li<i>n</i>den; <i>emm</i>et, a<i>n</i>t; also to <i>b</i>.</p>

<p>    M is readily followed by <i>b</i> and <i>p</i>. the position
of the lips in the formation of both letters being the same. The
relation of <i>b</i> and <i>m</i> is the same as that of <i>d</i> and
<i>t</i> to <i>n</i>. and that of <i>g</i> and <i>k</i> to
<i>ng</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As a numeral, M stands for one thousand,
both in English and Latin.</def></p>

<p><hw>M</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>A quadrat, the face or top of which is a perfect
square; also, the size of such a square in any given size of type,
used as the unit of measurement for that type: 500 m's of pica would
be a piece of matter whose length and breadth in pica m's multiplied
together produce that number.</def> [Written also <i>em</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(law)</i> <def>A brand or stigma, having the
shape of an M, formerly impressed on one convicted of manslaughter
and admitted to the benefit of clergy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>M roof</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a kind of roof formed
by the junction of two common roofs with a valley between them, so
that the section resembles the letter M.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma</hw> (m&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Mamma</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A child's word for <i>mother</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Hind.] <def>In Oriental countries, a
respectful form of address given to a woman; mother.</def> <i>Balfour
(Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ma</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>But; -- used in cautionary phrases; as, "Vivace, <i>ma</i> non
troppo presto" (i. e., lively, <i>but</i> not too quick).</def>
<i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i></p>

<p><hw>Maa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>New</u> a gull.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common European gull (<i>Larus
canus</i>); -- called also <i>mar</i>. See <u>New</u>, a
gull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maad</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Make</u>.
<def>Made.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maa"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The sparrow hawk.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The kestrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma'am</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Madam; my lady; -- a
colloquial contraction of <i>madam</i> often used in direct address,
and sometimes as an appellation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"a*ra shell`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large,
pearly, spiral, marine shell (<i>Turbo margaritaceus</i>), from the
Pacific Islands. It is used as an ornament.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*ash"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An East Indian
coin, of about one tenth of the weight of a rupee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maat</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Mate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Dejected; sorrowful; downcast.</def>
[Obs.] "So piteous and so <i>maat</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mab</hw> (m&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>mad</i>
a male child, a boy.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slattern.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The name of a female fairy, esp. the queen
of the fairies; and hence, sometimes, any fairy.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mab"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wrap
up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mab"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spirituous liquor
or drink distilled from potatoes; -- used in the Barbadoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*bo"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of persimmon tree (<i>Diospyros discolor</i>) from the
Philippine Islands, now introduced into the East and West Indies. It
bears an edible fruit as large as a quince.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac</hw> (?). [Gael., son.] <def>A prefix, in names of Scotch
origin, signifying <i>son</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*ca"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Pg.
<i>macaco</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of lemurs, as the ruffed lemur (<i>Lemur macaco</i>), and the ring-
tailed lemur (<i>L. catta</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*ca"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., a word of
African origin.  Cf. <u>Macaco</u>, <u>Macaque</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of monkeys, found in Asia and the
East Indies. They have short tails and prominent eyebrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac*ad`am*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
process or act of macadamizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac*ad"am*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Macadamized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Macadamizing</u>.] [From John Loudon <i>McAdam</i>,
who introduced the process into Great Britain in 1816.] <def>To
cover, as a road, or street, with small, broken stones, so as to form
a smooth, hard, convex surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac*ad"am road`</hw> (?). [See <u>Macadamize</u>.] <def>A
macadamized road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ca"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A macaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`caque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Macacus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of short-tailed monkeys of the genus <i>Macacus</i>; as, <i>M.
maurus</i>, the moor <i>macaque</i> of the East Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`a*ran"ga gum`</hw> (?). <def>A gum of a crimson color,
obtained from a tree (<i>Macaranga Indica</i>) that grows in the East
Indies. It is used in taking impressions of coins, medallions, etc.,
and sometimes as a medicine.</def>  <i>Balfour (Cyc. of
India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Mac"a*rize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to bless.]
<def>To congratulate.</def> [Oxford Univ. Cant]  <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mac`a*ro"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Macaronis</b></plw> (#), or <plw><b>Macaronies</b></plw>.
[Prov. It. <i>macaroni</i>, It. <i>maccheroni</i>, fr. Gr. &?;
happiness, later, a funeral feast, fr. &?; blessed, happy. Prob. so
called because eaten at such feasts in honor of the dead; cf. Gr. &?;
blessed, i. e., dead.  Cf. <u>Macaroon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Long slender tubes made of a paste chiefly of wheat flour, and
used as an article of food; Italian or Genoese paste.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A paste similarly prepared is largely used as food in
Persia, India, and China, but is not commonly made tubular like the
Italian <i>macaroni</i>.  <i>Balfour (Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A medley; something droll or
extravagant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sort of droll or fool.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A finical person; a fop; -- applied
especially to English fops of about 1775.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(U. S. Hist.)</i> <def>The
designation of a body of Maryland soldiers in the Revolutionary War,
distinguished by a rich uniform.</def>  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mac`a*ro"ni*an</hw> (?), <hw>Mac`a*ron"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>maccheronico</i>, F.
<i>macaronique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or like,
macaroni (originally a dish of mixed food); hence, mixed; confused;
jumbled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the burlesque
composition called macaronic; as, <i>macaronic</i> poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`a*ron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A heap of thing confusedly mixed together; a jumble.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of burlesque composition, in which
the vernacular words of one or more modern languages are intermixed
with genuine Latin words, and with hybrid formed by adding Latin
terminations to other roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`a*roon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>macaron</i>,
It. <i>maccherone</i>. See <u>Macaroni</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small cake, composed chiefly of the white of eggs, almonds,
and sugar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A finical fellow, or macaroni.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ma*cart"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Lord
<i>Macartney</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fire-backed pheasant.
See <u>Fireback</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*cas`sar oil"</hw> (?). <def>A kind of oil formerly used in
dressing the hair; -- so called because originally obtained from
<i>Macassar</i>, a district of the Island of Celebes. Also, an
imitation of the same, of perfumed castor oil and olive
oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*cau"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of small lemurs, as <i>Lemur
murinus</i>, which resembles a rat in size.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`ca*va"hu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small Brazilian monkey (<i>Callithrix
torquatus</i>), -- called also <i>collared teetee</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*caw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name
in the Antilles.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any parrot of the genus
<i>Sittace</i>, or <i>Macrocercus</i>. About eighteen species are
known, all of them American. They are large and have a very long
tail, a strong hooked bill, and a naked space around the eyes. The
voice is harsh, and the colors are brilliant and strongly
contrasted.</def></p>

<p>
</p>

<p><col><b>Macaw bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian name
for a prickly kind of nightshade (<i>Solanum mammosum</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Macaw palm</b></col>, <col><b>Macaw tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tropical American palm (<i>Acrocomia
fusiformis</i> and other species) having a prickly stem and pinnately
divided leaves. Its nut yields a yellow butter, with the perfume of
violets, which is used in making violet soap. Called also <i>grugru
palm</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ca*be"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Judas Maccabeus or to the Maccabees; as, the
<i>Maccabean</i> princes; <i>Maccabean</i> times.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"ca*bees</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The name given in later times to the
Asmon&aelig;ans, a family of Jewish patriots, who headed a religious
revolt in the reign of Antiochus IV., 168-161 <u>B. C.</u>, which led
to a period of freedom for Israel.</def>  <i>Schaff-Herzog.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The name of two ancient historical books,
which give accounts of Jewish affairs in or about the time of the
Maccabean princes, and which are received as canonical books in the
Roman Catholic Church, but are included in the Apocrypha by
Protestants. Also applied to three books, two of which are found in
some MSS. of the Septuagint.</def></p>

<p><! p. 879 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mac"ca*boy</hw> (?), <hw>Mac"co*boy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From a district in the Island of Martinique
where it is made: cf. F. <i>macouba</i>.] <def>A kind of
snuff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gambling game in
vogue in the eighteenth century.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jav. &amp; Malay.
<i>m&amacr;s</i>, fr. Skr. <i>m&amacr;sha</i> a bean.] <def>A money
of account in China equal to one tenth of a tael; also, a weight of
57.98 grains.</def>  <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>macis</i>, L.
<i>macis</i>, <i>macir</i>, Gr. &?;; cf. Skr. <i>makar</i>anda the
nectar or honey of a flower, a fragrant mango.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of spice; the aril which partly covers nutmegs. See
<u>Nutmeg</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Red <i>mace</i> is the aril of <i>Myristica tingens</i>,
and <i>white mace</i> that of <i>M. Otoba</i>, -- East Indian trees
of the same genus with the nutmeg tree.</p>

<p><hw>Mace</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>mace</i>, F.
<i>masse</i>, from (assumed) L. <i>matea</i>, of which the dim.
<i>mateola</i> a kind of mallet or beetle, is found.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A heavy staff or club of metal; a spiked
club; -- used as weapon in war before the general use of firearms,
especially in the Middle Ages, for breaking metal armor.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Death with his <i>mace</i> petrific . . .
smote.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>A staff borne by, or carried
before, a magistrate as an ensign of his authority.</def> "Swayed the
royal <i>mace</i>."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An officer who carries a mace as an emblem
of authority.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A knobbed mallet used by curriers in
dressing leather to make it supple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>A rod for playing
billiards, having one end suited to resting on the table and pushed
with one hand.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mace bearer</b></col>, <cd>an officer who carries a mace
before persons in authority.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mac`e*do"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Macedonius</i>, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>Belonging, or
relating, to Macedonia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native
or inhabitant of Macedonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`e*do"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of a certain religious sect, followers of <i>Macedonius</i>,
Bishop of Constantinople, in the fourth century, who held that the
Holy Ghost was a creature, like the angels, and a servant of the
Father and the Son.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`e*do"ni*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrines of Macedonius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>massier</i>. See
<u>Mace</u> staff.] <def>A mace bearer; an officer of a court.</def>
<i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mac"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Macerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Macerating</u>.] [L. <i>maceratus</i>, p. p.  of
<i>macerare</i> to make soft, weaken, enervate; cf. Gr. &?; to
knead.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make lean; to cause to waste
away.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subdue the appetites of by poor and
scanty diet; to mortify.</def>  <i>Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To soften by steeping in a liquid, with or
without heat; to wear away or separate the parts of by steeping; as,
to <i>macerate</i> animal or vegetable fiber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"er*a`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, macerates; an apparatus for converting paper or fibrous
matter into pulp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maceratio</i>: cf. F. <i>mac&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>The act or
process of macerating.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ma*ch&aelig;"ro*dus</hw>
(m&adot;*k&emacr;"r&osl;*d&ubreve;s), <hw>||Ma*chai"ro*dus</hw>
(m&adot;*k&imacr;"r&osl;*d&ubreve;s), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>ma`chaira</grk> dagger + <grk>'odoy`s</grk> tooth.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of extinct mammals allied to the cats,
and having in the upper jaw canine teeth of remarkable size and
strength; -- hence called <i>saber-toothed tigers</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*che"te</hw> (m&adot;*ch&amacr;"t&asl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A large heavy knife resembling a
broadsword, often two or three feet in length, -- used by the
inhabitants of Spanish America as a hatchet to cut their way through
thickets, and for various other purposes.</def>  <i>J.
Stevens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mach`i*a*vel"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Machiavel</i>, an Italian writer, secretary and historiographer to
the republic of Florence.] <def>Of or pertaining to Machiavel, or to
his supposed principles; politically cunning; characterized by
duplicity or bad faith; crafty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mach`i*a*vel"ian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
adopts the principles of Machiavel; a cunning and unprincipled
politician.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mach"i*a*vel*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Mach`i*a*vel"ian*ism</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>machiav&eacute;lisme</i>; It.
<i>machiavellismo</i>.] <def>The supposed principles of Machiavel, or
practice in conformity to them; political artifice, intended to favor
arbitrary power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*chic"o*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>machicolatus</i>, p. p. of <i>machicolare</i>,
<i>machicollare</i>. See <u>Machicolation</u>.] <def>Having
machicolations.</def> "<i>Machicolated</i> turrets."  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mach`i*co*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>machicolamentum</i>, <i>machacolladura</i>, F.
<i>m&acirc;chicolis</i>, <i>m&acirc;checoulis</i>; perh. fr. F.
<i>m&egrave;che</i> match, combustible matter + OF. <i>coulis</i>,
<i>couleis</i>, flowing, fr. OF. &amp; F. <i>couler</i> to flow. Cf.
<u>Match</u> for making fire, and <u>Cullis</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. Arch.)</i> <def>An opening between the
corbels which support a projecting parapet, or in the floor of a
gallery or the roof of a portal, for shooting or dropping missiles
upon assailants attacking the base of the walls. Also, the
construction of such defenses, in general, when of this character.
See <i>Illusts</i>. of <u>Battlement</u> and <u>Castle</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of discharging missiles or pouring
burning or melted substances upon assailants through such
apertures.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`chi`cou`lis"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&acirc;chicoulis</i>.] <i>(Mil. Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Machicolation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*chin"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>machinalis</i>: cf. F. <i>machinal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
machines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mach"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Machinated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Machinating</u> (?).] [L. <i>machinatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>machinari</i> to devise, plot. See <u>Machine</u>.] <def>To plan;
to contrive; esp., to form a scheme with the purpose of doing harm;
to contrive artfully; to plot.</def> "How long will you
<i>machinate</i>!"  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mach"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
contrive, as a plot; to plot; as, to <i>machinate</i> evil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mach`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>machinatio</i>: cf. F. <i>machination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of machinating.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is devised; a device; a hostile
or treacherous scheme; an artful design or plot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Devilish <i>machinations</i> come to
naught.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His ingenious <i>machinations</i> had
failed.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mach"i*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
machinates, or forms a scheme with evil designs; a plotter or artful
schemer.</def>  <i>Glanvill. Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*chine"</hw> (m&adot;*sh&emacr;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., fr. L. <i>machina</i> machine, engine, device, trick, Gr. &?;,
from &?; means, expedient.  Cf. <u>Mechanic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In general, any combination of bodies so connected that their
relative motions are constrained, and by means of which force and
motion may be transmitted and modified, as a screw and its nut, or a
lever arranged to turn about a fulcrum or a pulley about its pivot,
etc.; especially, a construction, more or less complex, consisting of
a combination of moving parts, or simple mechanical elements, as
wheels, levers, cams, etc., with their supports and connecting
framework, calculated to constitute a prime mover, or to receive
force and motion from a prime mover or from another machine, and
transmit, modify, and apply them to the production of some desired
mechanical effect or work, as weaving by a loom, or the excitation of
electricity by an electrical machine.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>machine</i> is most commonly applied to such
pieces of mechanism as are used in the industrial arts, for
mechanically shaping, dressing, and combining materials for various
purposes, as in the manufacture of cloth, etc. Where the effect is
chemical, or other than mechanical, the contrivance is usually
denominated an <i>apparatus</i>, not a machine; as, a <i>bleaching
apparatus</i>. Many large, powerful, or specially important pieces of
mechanism are called <i>engines</i>; as, a <i>steam engine</i>,
<i>fire engine</i>, <i>graduating engine</i>, etc.  Although there is
no well-settled distinction between the terms <i>engine</i> and
machine among practical men, there is a tendency to restrict the
application of the former to contrivances in which the operating part
is not distinct from the motor.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any mechanical contrivance, as the wooden
horse with which the Greeks entered Troy; a coach; a bicycle.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i> <i>Southey.</i> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person who acts mechanically or at the
will of another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A combination of persons acting together
for a common purpose, with the agencies which they use; as, the
social <i>machine</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole <i>machine</i> of government ought not to
bear upon the people with a weight so heavy and
oppressive.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A political organization arranged and
controlled by one or more leaders for selfish, private or partisan
ends.</def> [Political Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Supernatural agency in a poem, or a
superhuman being introduced to perform some exploit.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Elementary machine</b></col>, <cd>a name sometimes given
to one of the simple mechanical powers. See under
<u>Mechanical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Infernal machine</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Infernal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Machine
gun</b></col>.<cd>See under <u>Gun.</u></cd> -- <col><b>Machine
screw</b></col>, <cd>a screw or bolt adapted for screwing into metal,
in distinction from one which is designed especially to be screwed
into wood.</cd> -- <col><b>Machine shop</b></col>, <cd>a workshop
where machines are made, or where metal is shaped by cutting, filing,
turning, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Machine tool</b></col>, <cd>a machine
for cutting or shaping wood, metal, etc., by means of a tool;
especially, a machine, as a lathe, planer, drilling machine, etc.,
designed for a more or less general use in a machine shop, in
distinction from a machine for producing a special article as in
manufacturing.</cd> -- <col><b>Machine twist</b></col>, <cd>silken
thread especially adapted for use in a sewing machine.</cd> --
<col><b>Machine work</b></col>, <cd>work done by a machine, in
contradistinction to that done by hand labor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma*chine"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Machined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Machining</u>.] <def>To subject to the action of machinery; to
effect by aid of machinery; to print with a printing
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*chin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who or
operates a machine; a machinist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ma*chin"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Machine</u>: cf. F. <i>machinerie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Machines, in general, or collectively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The working parts of a machine, engine, or
instrument; as, the <i>machinery</i> of a watch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The supernatural means by which the action
of a poetic or fictitious work is carried on and brought to a
catastrophe; in an extended sense, the contrivances by which the
crises and conclusion of a fictitious narrative, in prose or verse,
are effected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>machinery</i>, madam, is a term invented by the
critics, to signify that part which the deities, angels, or demons,
are made to act in a poem.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The means and appliances by which anything
is kept in action or a desired result is obtained; a complex system
of parts adapted to a purpose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An indispensable part of the <i>machinery</i> of
state.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The delicate inflexional <i>machinery</i> of the Aryan
languages.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor (The Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*chin"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the machinery of a poem; acting or used as a machine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*chin"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>machiniste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A constrictor of machines
and engines; one versed in the principles of machines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One skilled in the use of machine
tools.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person employed to shift scenery in a
theater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"cho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The striped mullet of California (<i>Mugil
cephalus, or Mexicanus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"i*len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Macilent</u>.] <def>Leanness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mac"i*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>macilentus</i>, fr. <i>macies</i> leanness, <i>macere</i> to be
lean.] <def>Lean; thin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mac"in*tosh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mackintosh</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mack"er*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>maquerel</i>, F. <i>maquereau</i>, fr. D. <i>makelaar</i>
mediator, agent, fr. <i>makelen</i> to act as agent.] <def>A pimp;
also, a bawd.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mack`er*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>maquerel</i>, F. <i>maquereau</i> (LL. <i>macarellus</i>), prob.
for <i>maclereau</i>, fr. L. <i>macula</i> a spot, in allusion to the
markings on the fish. See <u>Mail</u> armor.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of the genus <i>Scomber</i>, and of several related
genera. They are finely formed and very active oceanic fishes. Most
of them are highly prized for food.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common mackerel (<i>Scomber scombrus</i>), which
inhabits both sides of the North Atlantic, is one of the most
important food fishes. It is mottled with green and blue. The Spanish
mackerel (<i>Scomberomorus maculatus</i>), of the American coast, is
covered with bright yellow circular spots.</p>

<p><col><b>Bull mackerel</b></col>, <col><b>Chub mackerel</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Chub</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Frigate mackerel</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Frigate</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse mackerel</b></col> . <cd>See
under <u>Horse</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mackerel bird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the wryneck; -- so called because it arrives
in England at the time when mackerel are in season.</cd> --
<col><b>Mackerel cock</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Manx
shearwater; -- so called because it precedes the appearance of the
mackerel on the east coast of Ireland.</cd> -- <col><b>Mackerel
guide</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Garfish</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mackerel gull</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>any one of several species of gull which feed
upon or follow mackerel, as the kittiwake.</cd> -- <col><b>Mackerel
midge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very small oceanic gadoid
fish of the North Atlantic. It is about an inch and a half long and
has four barbels on the upper jaw. It is now considered the young of
the genus <i>Onos</i>, or <i>Motella</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mackerel
plow</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for creasing the sides of lean
mackerel to improve their appearance.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Mackerel shark</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
porbeagle.</cd> -- <col><b>Mackerel sky</b></col>, or
<col><b>Mackerel-back sky</b></col>, <cd>a sky flecked with small
white clouds; a cirro-cumulus. See <u>Cloud</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mackerel sky</i> and mare's-tails<BR>
Make tall ships carry low sails.</blockquote> <i>Old Rhyme.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mack"i*naw blan"ket</hw> (?), <hw>Mack"i*naw</hw>. }[From
<i>Mackinac</i>, the State of Michigan, where blankets and other
stores were distributed to the Indians.] <def>A thick blanket
formerly in common use in the western part of the United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mack"in*tosh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A waterproof
outer garment; -- so called from the name of the inventor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Macle</u>.]
<def>Same as <u>Macule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To blur, or be
blurred, in printing, as if there were a double impression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>macula</i> a
spot: cf. F. <i>macle</i>.  Cf. <u>Mackle</u>, <u>Mascle</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Chiastolite; -- so called from
the tessellated appearance of a cross section. See
<u>Chiastolite</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A crystal having a
similar tessellated appearance.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A twin
crystal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Marked like macle
(chiastolite).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having a twin
structure. See <u>Twin</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Mascled</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*clu"re*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named from
William <i>Maclure</i>, the geologist.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus
of spiral gastropod shells, often of large size, characteristic of
the lower Silurian rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*clu"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Morintannic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"ra*me lace"</hw> (?). <def>A coarse lace made of twine,
used especially in decorating furniture.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mac`ren*ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mac`ren*ceph"a*lous</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Macro</i> + <i>encephalic</i>,
<i>encephalous</i>.] <def>Having a large brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"ro-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>makro`s</grk>, adj.] <def>A
combining form signifying <i>long</i>, <i>large</i>, <i>great</i>; as
<i>macro</i>diagonal, <i>macro</i>spore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ro*bi*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; long-
lived; <grk>makro`s</grk> long + &?; life: cf. F.
<i>macrobiotique</i>.] <def>Long-lived.</def>  <i> Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ro*bi*ot"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The art of prolonging life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ro*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Macro</i> + Gr. <grk>kefalh`</grk> the head.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a large head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the cotyledons of a
dicotyledonous embryo confluent, and forming a large mass compared
with the rest of the body.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ro-chem"is*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-
</i> + <i>chemistry</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The science which
treats of the chemical properties, actions or relations of substances
in quantity; -- distinguished from <i>micro-chemistry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mac`ro*chi"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>makro`s</grk> long + &?; hand.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of birds including the swifts and humming birds. So called
from the length of the distal part of the wing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"ro*cosm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-</i> +
Gr. &?; the world: cf. F. <i>macrocosme</i>.] <def>The great world;
that part of the universe which is exterior to man; -- contrasted
with <i>microcosm</i>, or man. See <u>Microcosm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ro*cos"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the macrocosm.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mac`ro*cys"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Macro-</u>, and <u>Cyst</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An immensely long
blackish seaweed of the Pacific (<i>Macrocystis pyrifera</i>), having
numerous almond-shaped air vessels.</def></p>

<p><! p. 880 !></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ro*dac"tyl</hw> (m&abreve;k`r&osl;*d&abreve;k"t&ibreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>makroda`ktylos</grk> long-fingered;
<grk>makro`s</grk> long + <grk>da`ktylos</grk> finger: cf. F.
<i>macrodactyle</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a group of
wading birds (<i>Macrodactyli</i>) having very long toes.</def>
[Written also <i>macrodactyle</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mac`ro*dac*tyl"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mac`ro*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having long
toes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ro*di*ag"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-
</i> + <i>diagonal</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The longer of two
diagonals, as of a rhombic prism. See
<u>Crystallization</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"ro*dome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-</i> +
<i>dome</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A dome parallel to the longer
lateral axis of an orthorhombic crystal. See <u>Dome</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"ro*dont</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-</i> + Gr.
<grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having large teeth.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A macrodont animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"ro*far`ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-</i> +
<i>farad</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>See <u>Megafarad</u>.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mac`ro*glos"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Macro-</u>, and <u>Glossa</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Enlargement or
hypertrophy of the tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`rog*nath"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-</i>
+ <i>gnathic</i>.] <i>(Anthropol.)</i> <def>Long-jawed.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*crol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>macrologia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; long + <grk>lo`gos</grk> discourse:
cf. F. <i>macrologie</i>.] <def>Long and tedious talk without much
substance; superfluity of words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*crom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for determining the size or
distance of inaccessible objects by means of two reflectors on a
common sextant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"cron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
long.] <i>(Pron.)</i> <def>A short, straight, horizontal mark [-],
placed over vowels to denote that they are to be pronounced with a
long sound; as, <i>&amacr;</i>, in <i>d&amacr;me</i>; <i>&emacr;</i>,
in <i>s&emacr;am</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ro*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-
</i> + <i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having long or large
petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*croph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-</i>
+ Gr. &?; a leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having long or large
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ro*pin"a*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-
</i> + <i>pinacoid</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>One of the two
planes of an orthorhombic crystal which are parallel to the vertical
and longer lateral (macrodiagonal) axes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"ro*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-</i> +
<i>-pod</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of a group of maioid
crabs remarkable for the length of their legs; -- called also
<i>spider crab</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*crop"o*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having long
or large feet, or a long stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ro*po"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
macropod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*crop"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having long legs or feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"ro*prism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-</i> +
<i>prism</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A prism of an orthorhombic
crystal between the macropinacoid and the unit prism; the
corresponding pyramids are called <i>macropyramids</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*crop"te*res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; long + &?; feather, wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of birds; the Longipennes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*crop"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Macropteres</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having long
wings.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mac"ro*pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Macropod</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marsupials
including the common kangaroo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ro*pyr"a*mid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-</i>
+ <i>pyramid</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>See
<u>Macroprism</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mac`ro*scop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mac`ro*scop"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-</i> + Gr. &?; to view.] <def>Visible
to the unassisted eye; -- as opposed to <i>microscopic</i>.</def> --
<wf>Mac`ro*scop"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Mac`ro*spo*ran"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Macro-</u>, and <u>Sporangium</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
sporangium or conceptacle containing only large spores; -- opposed to
<i>microsporangium</i>. Both are found in the genera
<i>Selaginella</i>, <i>Isoctes</i>, and <i>Marsilia</i>, plants
remotely allied to ferns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"ro*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-</i> +
<i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the specially large spores
of certain flowerless plants, as <i>Selaginella</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ro*spor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to macrospores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"ro*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; stretched
out. See <u>Macro-</u>, and <u>Tone</u>.] <i>(Pron.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Macron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*cro"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Macro-</i> +
Gr. <grk>o"y^s</grk>, gen. <grk>'wto`s</grk>, the ear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Large-eared.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*crou"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>,
<hw>Ma*crou"ral</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, etc.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Macrura</u>, <u>Macrural</u>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac`ro*zo"&ouml;*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Macro-</i> + <i>zo&ouml;spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large
motile spore having four vibratile cilia; -- found in certain green
alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*cru"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; long + &?; tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A subdivision of
decapod Crustacea, having the abdomen largely developed. It includes
the lobster, prawn, shrimp, and many similar forms.  Cf.
<u>Decapoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*cru"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Macrurous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*cru"ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Macrura.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*cru"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Macrura</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
Macrura.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*cru"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Macrura; having a long tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mactatio</i>, fr. <i>macture</i> to slay, sacrifice.] <def>The act
of killing a victim for sacrifice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mac"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
kneading trough, fr. &?; to knead.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
marine bivalve shell of the genus <i>Mactra</i>, and allied genera.
Many species are known. Some of them are used as food, as <i>Mactra
stultorum</i>, of Europe. See <i>Surf clam</i>, under
<u>Surf</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mac"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Macul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., spot, stain, blot. See
<u>Mail</u> armor, and cf. <u>Mackle</u>, <u>Macule</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spot, as on the skin, or on the surface of
the sun or of some other luminous orb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rather large spot or
blotch of color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maculatus</i>, p. p. of <i>maculare</i> to spot. See
<u>Macula</u>, and cf. <u>Macule</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To
spot; to stain; to blur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Maculate</i> the honor of their
people.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mac"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maculatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Marked with spots or macul&aelig;;
blotched; hence, defiled; impure; as, most <i>maculate</i>
thoughts.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mac"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having spots
or blotches; maculate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maculatio</i>.] <def>The act of spotting; a spot; a blemish.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mac"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing a
spot or stain.</def>  <i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mac"u*la*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Blotting
paper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mac"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>macule</i>. See
<u>Macula</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spot.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A blur, or an appearance
of a double impression, as when the paper slips a little; a
mackle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"ule</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>maculer</i>.
See <u>Maculate</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To blur; especially
<i>(Print.)</i>, to blur or double an impression from type. See
<u>Mackle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maculosus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to spots upon a surface;
spotted; maculate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Made</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mad</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Madder</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Maddest</u> (?).]
[AS. <i>gem&?;d</i>, <i>gem&amacr;d</i>, mad; akin to OS.
<i>gem&?;d</i> foolish, OHG. <i>gameit</i>, Icel. <i>mei&?;a</i> to
hurt, Goth. <i>gam&aacute;ids</i> weak, broken. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disordered in intellect; crazy;
insane.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have heard my grandsire say full oft,<BR>
Extremity of griefs would make men <i>mad</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excited beyond self-control or the
restraint of reason; inflamed by violent or uncontrollable desire,
passion, or appetite; as, to be <i>mad</i> with terror, lust, or
hatred; <i>mad</i> against political reform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the land of graven images, and they are
<i>mad</i> upon their idols.</blockquote> <i>Jer. 1. 88.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And being exceedingly <i>mad</i> against them, I
persecuted them even unto strange cities.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvi.
11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from, or indicating, madness;
expressing distraction; prompted by infatuation, fury, or extreme
rashness.</def> "<i>Mad</i> demeanor."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mad</i> wars destroy in one year the works of many
years of peace.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mad</i> promise of Cleon was
fulfilled.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Extravagant; immoderate.</def> "Be
<i>mad</i> and merry." <i>Shak.</i> "Fetching <i>mad</i> bounds."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Furious with rage, terror, or disease; --
said of the lower animals; as, a <i>mad</i> bull; esp., having
hydrophobia; rabid; as, a <i>mad</i> dog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Angry; out of patience; vexed; as, to get
<i>mad</i> at a person.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Having impaired polarity; -- applied to a
compass needle.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Like mad</b></col>, <cd>like a mad person; in a furious
manner; as, to run <i>like mad</i>. <i>L'Estrange</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To run mad</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To become wild
with excitement</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To run wildly about
under the influence of hydrophobia; to become affected with
hydrophobia.</cd> -- <col><b>To run mad after</b></col>, <cd>to
pursue under the influence of infatuation or immoderate desire.</cd>
"The world is <i>running mad after</i> farce." <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mad</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Madded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Madding</u>.] <def>To make mad or furious; to madden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had I but seen thy picture in this plight,<BR>
It would have <i>madded</i> me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mad</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be mad; to go mad;
to rave. See <u>Madding</u>.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Festus said with great voice, Paul thou
<i>maddest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Acts).</i></p>

<p><hw>Mad</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ma&?;a</i>; akin to D.
& G. <i>made</i>, Goth. <i>mapa</i>, and prob. to E. <i>moth</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An earthworm.</def> [Written also
<i>made</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mad"am</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Madams</b></plw>, or <plw><b>Mesdames</b></plw> (#). [See
<u>Madame</u>.] <def>A gentlewoman; -- an appellation or courteous
form of address given to a lady, especially an elderly or a married
lady; -- much used in the address, at the beginning of a letter, to a
woman. The corresponding word in addressing a man is
<i>Sir</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`dame"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mesdames</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. <i>ma</i> my (L. <i>mea</i>)
+ <i>dame</i> dame. See <u>Dame</u>, and cf. <u>Madonna</u>.] <def>My
lady; -- a French title formerly given to ladies of quality; now, in
France, given to all married women.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mad"-ap`ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Eggplant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad"brain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hot-headed;
rash.</def> <i>Shak.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rash or hot-
headed person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad"brained`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disordered in
mind; hot-headed.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mad"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inclined to wild sports; delighting in rash, absurd, or
dangerous amusements.</def> "The merry <i>madcap</i> lord."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wild; reckless.</def> "<i>Madcap</i>
follies"  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mad"cap`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person of wild
behavior; an excitable, rash, violent person.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mad"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Maddened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Maddening</u>.] <def>To make mad; to drive to madness; to craze;
to excite violently with passion; to make very angry; to
enrage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become mad; to
act as if mad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They rave, recite, and <i>madden</i> round the
land.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mad"der</hw> (m&abreve;d"d&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>mader</i>, AS. <i>m&aelig;dere</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>ma&eth;ra</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Rubia</i> (<i>R. tinctorum</i>). The root is much used in dyeing
red, and formerly was used in medicine. It is cultivated in France
and Holland. See <u>Rubiaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Madder is sometimes used in forming pigments, as lakes,
etc., which receive their names from their colors; as. <i>madder
yellow</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Field madder</b></col>, <cd>an annual European weed
(<i>Sherardia arvensis</i>) resembling madder.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian
madder</b></col> , <cd>the East Indian <i>Rubia cordifolia</i>, used
in the East for dyeing; -- called also <i>munjeet</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wild madder</b></col>, <cd><i>Rubia peregrina</i> of Europe;
also the <i>Galium Mollugo</i>, a kind of bedstraw.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mad"der*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A name proposed for any plant of the same natural order
(Rubiace&aelig;) as the madder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
madness; raging; furious.</def> -- <wf>Mad"ding*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Far from the <i>madding</i> crowd's ignoble
strife.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>madding</i> wheels<BR>
Of brazen chariots raged.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mad"dish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
mad.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Made</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Mad</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Made</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Make</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Made</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Artificially produced;
pieced together; formed by filling in; as, <i>made</i> ground; a
<i>made</i> mast, in distinction from one consisting of a single
spar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Made up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Complete;
perfect</cd>. "A <i>made up</i> villain." <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Falsely devised; fabricated; as, a <i>made
up</i> story.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Artificial; as, a <i>made
up</i> figure or complexion.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mad"e*cass</hw> (?), <hw>Mad`e*cas"see</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of Madagascar, or
Madecassee; the language of the natives of Madagascar. See
<u>Malagasy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad`e*cas"see</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Madagascar or its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mad`e*fac"tion</hw> (?), <hw>Mad`e*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>madefacere</i> to make wet; <i>madere</i>
to be wet + <i>facere</i> to make: cf. F. <i>mad&eacute;faction</i>.]
<def>The act of madefying, or making wet; the state of that which is
made wet.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mad"e*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Madefied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Madefying</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>mad&eacute;fier</i>, L.
<i>madefacere</i>. See <u>Madefaction</u>.] <def>To make wet or
moist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mad`e*gas"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Madecassee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*dei"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg., the Island
Madeira, properly, wood, fr. L. <i>materia</i> stuff, wood. The
island was so called because well wooded. See <u>Matter</u>.] <def>A
rich wine made on the Island of Madeira.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cup of <i>Madeira</i>, and a cold capon's
leg.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Madeira nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the European
walnut; the nut of the <i>Juglans regia</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`de*moi`selle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mesdemoiselles</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. <i>ma</i> my, f. of
<i>mon</i> + <i>demoiselle</i> young lady. See <u>Damsel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A French title of courtesy given to a girl or
an unmarried lady, equivalent to the English <i>Miss.</i></def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine food fish
(<i>Sci&aelig;na chrysura</i>), of the Southern United States; --
called also <i>yellowtail</i>, and <i>silver perch</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Madge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. &amp; Prov. F.
<i>machette</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
barn owl.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The magpie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wild; crack-
brained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house where
insane persons are confined; an insane asylum; a bedlam.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Sp.
<i>madi</i>, fr. Chilian <i>madi</i>, the native name.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of composite plants, of which one species (<i>Madia
sativa</i>) is cultivated for the oil yielded from its seeds by
pressure. This oil is sometimes used instead of olive oil for the
table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>madidus</i>, fr.
<i>madere</i> to be wet.] <def>Wet; moist; as, a <i>madid</i>
eye.</def> [R.] <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mad`is*te"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument to extract hairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mad"joun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind., fr. Ar.
<i>ma'j&?;n</i>.] <def>An intoxicating confection from the hemp
plant; -- used by the Turks and Hindoos.</def> [Written also
<i>majoun</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mad"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Mad</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>In a mad manner; without reason or
understanding; wildly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Madmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who is mad; lunatic; a
crazy person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a man mistakes his thoughts for person and
things, he is mad. A <i>madman</i> is properly so
defined.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mad"nep</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
masterwort (<i>Peucedanum Ostruthium</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Mad</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being
mad; insanity; lunacy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Frenzy; ungovernable rage; extreme
folly.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insanity; distraction; derangement; craziness;
lunacy; mania; frenzy; franticness; rage; aberration; alienation;
monomania. See <u>Insanity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ma*don"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>madonna</i>
my lady. See <u>Dame</u>, <u>Donna</u>, and cf. <u>Madame</u>,
<u>Monkey</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>My lady; -- a term of address
in Italian formerly used as the equivalent of <i>Madame</i>, but for
which <i>Signora</i> is now substituted. Sometimes introduced into
English.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [<i>pl.</i> <u>Madonnas</u> (n&adot;z).] <def>A
picture of the Virgin Mary (usually with the babe).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Italian painters are noted for drawing the
<i>Madonnas</i> by their own wives or mistresses.</blockquote>
<i>Rymer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"do*qua</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small Abyssinian antelope (<i>Neotragus Saltiana</i>), about
the size of a hare.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`drague"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.] <def>A large
fish pound used for the capture of the tunny in the Mediterranean;
also applied to the seines used for the same purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"dre*perl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>madreperla</i>.] <def>Mother-of-pearl.</def></p>

<p><! p. 881 !></p>

<p><hw>||Mad`re*po"ra</hw> (m&abreve;d`r&esl;*p&omacr;"r&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Madrepore</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of reef corals abundant in tropical seas. It includes
than one hundred and fifty species, most of which are elegantly
branched.</def> -- <wf>Mad`re*po"ral</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Mad`re*po*ra"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Madrepore</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive division
of Anthozoa, including most of the species that produce stony corals.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Anthozoa</u>.</def> --
<wf>Mad`re*po*ra"ri*an</wf> (#), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mad"re*pore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>madrepore</i>, perh. fr.  <i>madr&eacute;</i> spotted, fr. OF.
<i>madre</i>, <i>mazre</i>, a kind of knotty wood with brown spots,
fr. OHG. <i>masar</i> a knot, grain, or vein in wood, a speck, G.
<i>maser + pore</i> (see <u>Pore</u>); or perh. F.
<i>madr&eacute;pore</i> is rather from It. <i>madrepora</i>, and this
perh. fr. It. <i>madre</i> mother (see <u>Mother</u>) + Gr. &?; a
soft stone.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any coral of the genus
Madrepora; formerly, often applied to any stony coral.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mad`re*po"ri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Mad`re*po"ric</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling, or
pertaining to, the genus Madrepora.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Madreporic plate</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
perforated plate in echinoderms, through which water is admitted to
the ambulacral tubes; -- called also <i>madreporic
tubercule</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mad`re*po"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Madrepore</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Resembling a madreporian coral in form or structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad"re*po*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>madr&eacute;porite</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A
fossil coral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The madreporic plate
of echinoderms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*drier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from Sp.
<i>madero</i>, or Pg. <i>madeiro</i>, fr. Sp. <i>madera</i> wood for
building, timber, Pg. <i>madeira</i>, L. <i>materia</i> stuff,
materials, lumber. See <u>Matter</u>.] <def>A thick plank, used for
several mechanical purposes</def>; especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A plank to receive the mouth of a petard, with which it is
applied to anything intended to be broken down.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A plank or beam used for supporting the
earth in mines or fortifications.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad"ri*gal</hw> (m&abreve;d"r&ibreve;*g<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>madrigale</i>, OIt. <i>madriale</i>,
<i>mandriale</i> (cf. LL. <i>matriale</i>); of uncertain origin,
possibly fr. It <i>mandra</i> flock, L. <i>mandra</i> stall, herd of
cattle, Gr. <grk>ma`ndra</grk> fold, stable; hence, <i>madrigal</i>,
originally, a pastoral song.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little
amorous poem, sometimes called a <i>pastoral poem</i>, containing
some tender and delicate, though simple, thought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose artful strains have oft delayed<BR>
 The huddling brook to hear his <i>madrigal</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An unaccompanied polyphonic
song, in four, five, or more parts, set to secular words, but full of
counterpoint and imitation, and adhering to the old church modes.
Unlike the freer glee, it is best sung with several voices on a part.
See <u>Glee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad"ri*gal*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
madrigalist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad"ri*gal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A composer of
madrigals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mad`ri*le"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>Madrile&ntilde;o</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Madrid in Spain,
or to its inhabitants.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Madrid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*dri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., prop., a
godmother.] <def>An animal (usually an old mare), wearing a bell and
acting as the leader of a troop of pack mules.</def> [S. America]</p>

<p><hw>Ma*dro"&ntilde;a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>madro&ntilde;o</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small evergreen tree or
shrub (<i>Arbutus Menziesii</i>), of California, having a smooth
bark, thick shining leaves, and edible red berries, which are often
called <i>madro&ntilde;a apples</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>madro&ntilde;o</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mad"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of cruciferous plants (<i>Alyssum</i>) with white or yellow
flowers and rounded pods. <i>A. maritimum</i> is the commonly
cultivated sweet alyssum, a fragrant white-flowered annual.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>M&aelig;g"bote`</hw>, <hw>Mag"bote`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>m&aemacr;g</i> kinsman +
<i>b&omacr;t</i> compensation.] <i>(Anglo-Saxon Law)</i>
<def>Compensation for the injury done by slaying a kinsman.</def>
<i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mael"strom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Norw., a
whirlpool.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A celebrated whirlpool on the
coast of Norway.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Also Fig. ; as, a <i>maelstrom</i> of
vice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||M&aelig;"nad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Maenas</i>, <i>-adis</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?; to rave.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Bacchante; a priestess or votary of
Bacchus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A frantic or frenzied woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`es*to"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Majestic or majestically; -- a direction to
perform a passage or piece of music in a dignified manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maes"tricht mon"i*tor</hw> (?). [So called from
<i>Maestricht</i>, a town in Holland.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>The
<i>Mosasaurus Hofmanni</i>. See <u>Mosasaurus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*es"tro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>magister</i>. See <u>Master</u>.] <def>A master in any art,
especially in music; a composer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Akin to OD.
<i>maffelen</i> to stammer.  Cf. <u>Muffle</u> to mumble.] <def>To
stammer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Maf"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stammerer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mag`a*zine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>magasin</i>,
It. <i>magazzino</i>, or Sp. <i>magacen</i>, <i>almagacen</i>; all
fr. Ar. <i>makhzan</i>, <i>almakhzan</i>, a storehouse, granary, or
cellar.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A receptacle in which anything is stored,
especially military stores, as ammunition, arms, provisions,
etc.</def> "Armories and <i>magazines</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The building or room in which the supply
of powder is kept in a fortification or a ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A chamber in a gun for holding a number of
cartridges to be fed automatically to the piece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pamphlet published periodically
containing miscellaneous papers or compositions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magazine dress</b></col>, <cd>clothing made chiefly of
woolen, without anything metallic about it, to be worn in a powder
magazine.</cd> -- <col><b>Magazine gun</b></col>, <cd>a portable
firearm, as a rifle, with a chamber carrying cartridges which are
brought automatically into position for firing.</cd> --
<col><b>Magazine stove</b></col>, <cd>a stove having a chamber for
holding fuel which is supplied to the fire by some self-feeding
process, as in the common base-burner.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mag`a*zine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Magazined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Magazining</u>.] <def>To store in, or as in, a
magazine; to store up for use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag`a*zin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who edits
or writes for a magazine.</def> [R.]  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag`a*zin"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
editing, or writing for, a magazine.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag`a*zin"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who edits or
writes for a magazine.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mag"bote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>M&aelig;gbote</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"da*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating an
orange-red dyestuff obtained from naphthylamine, and called
<i>magdala red</i>, <i>naphthalene red</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"da*len</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Mary
<i>Magdalene</i>, traditionally reported to have been the repentant
sinner forgiven by Christ. See <i>Luke</i> vii. 36.] <def>A reformed
prostitute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag*da"le*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
crumb of bread, fr. &?; to knead.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine in
the form of a roll, a esp. a roll of plaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"de*burg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A city of
Saxony.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magdeburg centuries</b></col>, <col><b>Magdeburg
hemispheres</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Century</u>, and
<u>Hemisphere</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mage</i>. See
<u>Magi</u>.] <def>A magician.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Spenser.
Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag`el*lan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to, or named from, <i>Magellan</i>, the
navigator.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magellenic clouds</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>three
conspicuous nebul&aelig; near the south pole, resembling thin white
clouds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma*gen"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An aniline dye obtained as an amorphous substance having a green
bronze surface color, which dissolves to a shade of red; also, the
color; -- so called from <i>Magenta</i>, in Italy, in allusion to the
battle fought there about the time the dye was discovered. Called
also <i>fuchsine</i>, <i>rose&iuml;ne</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Magged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Worn; fretted; as, a <i>magged</i> brace.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mag`gio"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., from L.
<i>major</i>, compar. of <i>magnus</i> great. See <u>Major</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Greater, in respect to scales, intervals, etc.,
when used in opposition to <i>minor</i>; major.</def>  <i>Moore
(Encyc. of Music).</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag"got</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>macai</i>, pl.
<i>maceiod</i>, <i>magiod</i>, a worn or grub; cf. <i>magu</i> to
bread.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The footless
larva of any fly. See <u>Larval</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A whim; an odd fancy.</def>  <i>Hudibras.
Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag"got*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being maggoty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"got*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of whims or
fancies; maggoty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"got-pie`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
magpie.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag"got*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Infested with maggots.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of whims; capricious.</def>
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ghet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Fl. <i>maghet</i>
maid.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name for daisies and camomiles of several
kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"gi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., pl. of
<i>Magus</i>, Gr. &?;; of Per. origin.  Cf. <u>Mage</u>,
<u>Magic</u>.] <def>A caste of priests, philosophers, and magicians,
among the ancient Persians; hence, any holy men or sages of the
East.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inspired <i>Magi</i> from the Orient
came.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Magi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"gi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Magi, or
priests of the Zoroastrian religion in Persia; an adherent of the
Zoroastrian religion.</def> -- <wf>Ma"gi*an*ism</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mag"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>magique</i>, L.
<i>magice</i>, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;), fr. &?;. See <u>Magic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Magi</u>.] <def>A comprehensive name for
all of the pretended arts which claim to produce effects by the
assistance of supernatural beings, or departed spirits, or by a
mastery of secret forces in nature attained by a study of occult
science, including enchantment, conjuration, witchcraft, sorcery,
necromancy, incantation, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An appearance made by some <i>magic</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Celestial magic</b></col>, <cd>a supposed supernatural
power which gave to spirits a kind of dominion over the planets, and
to the planets an influence over men.</cd> -- <col><b>Natural
magic</b></col>, <cd>the art of employing the powers of nature to
produce effects apparently supernatural.</cd> --
<col><b>Superstitious</b></col>, or <col><b>Geotic</b></col>,
<col><b>magic</b></col>, <cd>the invocation of devils or demons,
involving the supposition of some tacit or express agreement between
them and human beings.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sorcery; witchcraft; necromancy; conjuration;
enchantment.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mag"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mag"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>magicus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>magique</i>. See <u>Magi</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining
to the hidden wisdom supposed to be possessed by the Magi; relating
to the occult powers of nature, and the producing of effects by their
agency.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Performed by, or proceeding from, occult
and superhuman agencies; done by, or seemingly done by, enchantment
or sorcery. Hence: Seemingly requiring more than human power;
imposing or startling in performance; producing effects which seem
supernatural or very extraordinary; having extraordinary properties;
as, a <i>magic</i> lantern; a <i>magic</i> square or
circle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The painter's <i>magic</i> skill.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Although with certain words <i>magic</i> is used more than
<i>magical</i>, -- as, <i>magic</i> circle, <i>magic</i> square,
<i>magic</i> wand, -- we may in general say <i>magic</i> or
<i>magical</i>; as, a <i>magic</i> or <i>magical</i> effect; a
<i>magic</i> or <i>magical</i> influence, etc. But when the adjective
is predicative, <i>magical</i>, and not <i>magic</i>, is used; as,
the effect was <i>magical</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Magic circle</b></col>, <cd>a series of concentric circles
containing the numbers 12 to 75 in eight radii, and having somewhat
similar properties to the magic square.</cd> -- <col><b>Magic humming
bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a Mexican humming bird
(<i>Iache magica</i>) , having white downy thing tufts.</cd> --
<col><b>Magic lantern</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Lantern</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Magic square</b></col>, <cd>numbers so disposed in parallel
and equal rows in the form of a square, that each row, taken
vertically, horizontally, or diagonally, shall give the same sum, the
same product, or an harmonical series, according as the numbers taken
are in arithmetical, geometrical, or harmonical progression.</cd> --
<col><b>Magic wand</b></col>, <cd>a wand used by a magician in
performing feats of magic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mag"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
magical manner; by magic, or as if by magic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*gi"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>magicien</i>.
See <u>Magic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>One skilled in magic;
one who practices the black art; an enchanter; a necromancer; a
sorcerer or sorceress; a conjurer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*gilp"</hw> (?), <hw>Ma*gilph"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>See
<u>Megilp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*gis"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Master</u>.] <def>Master; sir; -- a title of the Middle Ages,
given to a person in authority, or to one having a license from a
university to teach philosophy and the liberal arts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag`is*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>magisterius</i> magisterial. See <u>Master</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a master or magistrate,
or one in authority; having the manner of a magister; official;
commanding; authoritative. Hence: Overbearing; dictatorial;
dogmatic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>magisterial</i> duties from his home<BR>
Her father called.</blockquote> <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are not <i>magisterial</i> in opinions, nor,
dictator-like, obtrude our notions on any man.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pretenses go a great way with men that take fair words
and <i>magisterial</i> looks for current payment.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Alchem. &amp; Old Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, produced by, or of the nature of, magistery. See
<u>Magistery</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Authoritative; stately; august; pompous; dignified;
lofty; commanding; imperious; lordly; proud; haughty; domineering;
despotic; dogmatical; arrogant.  -- <u>Magisterial</u>,
<u>Dogmatical</u>, <u>Arrogant</u>. One who is <i>magisterial</i>
assumes the air of a master toward his pupils; one who is
<i>dogmatical</i> lays down his positions in a tone of authority or
dictation; one who is <i>arrogant</i> in sults others by an undue
assumption of superiority. Those who have long been teachers
sometimes acquire, unconsciously, a manner which borders too much on
the <i>magisterial</i>, and may be unjustly construed as
<i>dogmatical</i>, or even <i>arrogant</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Mag`is*te`ri*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Magisterialness; authoritativeness.</def> [R.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag`is*te"ri*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
magisterial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag`is*te"ri*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being magisterial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"is*ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>magisterium</i> the office of a chief, president, director, tutor.
See <u>Magistrate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mastery; powerful
medical influence; renowned efficacy; a sovereign remedy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A magisterial injunction.</def> [R.]
<i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A precipitate; a fine
substance deposited by precipitation; -- applied in old chemistry to
certain white precipitates from metallic solutions; as,
<i>magistery</i> of bismuth.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag"is*tra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Magistracies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Magistrate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office or dignity of a magistrate.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of
magistrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"is*tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>magistralis</i>: cf. F. <i>magistral</i>. See <u>Magistrate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to a master; magisterial;
authoritative; dogmatic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Commanded or prescribed by a magister,
esp. by a doctor; hence, effectual; sovereign; as, a <i>magistral</i>
sirup.</def> "Some <i>magistral</i> opiate."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Pharmacy)</i> <def>Formulated
extemporaneously, or for a special case; -- opposed to
<i>officinal</i>, and said of prescriptions and medicines.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Magistral line</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>the guiding
line, or outline, by which the form of the work is determined. It is
usually the crest line of the parapet in fieldworks, or the top line
of the escarp in permanent fortifications.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mag"is*tral</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sovereign medicine or remedy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A magistral line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>Powdered copper pyrites
used in the amalgamation of ores of silver, as at the Spanish mines
of Mexico and South America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag`is*tral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ties</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Magisterialness; arbitrary
dogmatism.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag"is*tral*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
magistral manner.</def>  <i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag"is*trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>magistratus</i>, fr. <i>magister</i> master: cf. F.
<i>magistrat</i>. See <u>Master</u>.] <def>A person clothed with
power as a public civil officer; a public civil officer invested with
the executive government, or some branch of it.</def> "All Christian
rulers and <i>magistrates</i>."  <i>Book of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of <i>magistrates</i> some also are supreme, in whom
the sovereign power of the state resides; others are
subordinate.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mag`is*trat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mag`is*trat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or proceeding from, a
magistrate; having the authority of a magistrate.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag"is*tra`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>magistrature</i>.] <def>Magistracy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mag"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to squeeze, knead.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any crude mixture of
mineral or organic matters in the state of a thin paste.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A thick
residuum obtained from certain substances after the fluid parts are
expressed from them; the grounds which remain after treating a
substance with any menstruum, as water or alcohol.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A salve or confection of thick
consistency.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><! p. 882 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
molten matter within the earth, the source of the material of lava
flows, dikes of eruptive rocks, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The glassy base of an eruptive rock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The amorphous or homogenous
matrix or ground mass, as distinguished from well-defined crystals;
as, the <i>magma</i> of porphyry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mag"na Char"ta</hw> (?). [L., great charter.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The great Charter, so called, obtained by the
English barons from King John, <u>A. D.</u> 1215. This name is also
given to the charter granted to the people of England in the ninth
year of Henry III., and confirmed by Edward I.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a fundamental constitution which
guaranties rights and privileges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>magnalis</i> mighty, fr. <i>magnus</i> great.] <def>A great act or
event; a great attainment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag`na*nim"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>magnanimit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>magnanimitas</i>.] <def>The quality
of being magnanimous; greatness of mind; elevation or dignity of
soul; that quality or combination of qualities, in character, which
enables one to encounter danger and trouble with tranquility and
firmness, to disdain injustice, meanness and revenge, and to act and
sacrifice for noble objects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag*nan"i*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>magnanimus</i>; <i>magnus</i> great + <i>animus</i> mind. See
<u>Magnate</u>, and <u>Animus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Great of
mind; elevated in soul or in sentiment; raised above what is low,
mean, or ungenerous; of lofty and courageous spirit; as, a
<i>magnanimous</i> character; a <i>magnanimous</i>
conqueror.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be <i>magnanimous</i> in the enterprise.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To give a kingdom hath been thought<BR>
Greater and nobler done, and to lay down<BR>
Far more <i>magnanimous</i> than to assume.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dictated by or exhibiting nobleness of
soul; honorable; noble; not selfish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both strived for death; <i>magnanimous</i>
debate.</blockquote> <i>Stirling.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is an indissoluble union between a
<i>magnanimous</i> policy and the solid rewards of public prosperity
and felicity.</blockquote> <i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag*nan"i*mous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
magnanimous manner; with greatness of mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"nase black`</hw> (?). <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A black pigment
which dries rapidly when mixed with oil, and is of intense
body.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag"nate</hw> (?), [F. <i>magnat</i>, L. (pl.)
<i>magnates</i>, <i>magnati</i>, fr. <i>magnus</i> great. See
<u>Master</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person of rank; a noble or
grandee; a person of influence or distinction in any sphere.</def>
  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the nobility, or certain high
officers of state belonging to the noble estate in the national
representation of Hungary, and formerly of Poland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Magnet.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag*ne"si*a</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Magnesia</i>, fem. of <i>Magnesius</i> of the country Magnesia,
Gr. <grk>h` Magnhsi`a li`qos</grk> a magnet.  Cf. <u>Magnet</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A light earthy white substance, consisting of
magnesium oxide, and obtained by heating magnesium hydrate or
carbonate, or by burning magnesium. It has a slightly alkaline
reaction, and is used in medicine as a mild antacid laxative. See
<u>Magnesium</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magnesia alba</b></col> [L.] <i>(Med. Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
bulky white amorphous substance, consisting of a hydrous basic
carbonate of magnesium, and used as a mild cathartic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mag*ne"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
characterized by, or containing, magnesia or magnesium.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magnesian limestone</b></col>.  <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Dolomite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mag*ne"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, magnesium; as, <i>magnesic</i>
oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"ne*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>magn&eacute;site</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native magnesium
carbonate occurring in white compact or granular masses, and also in
rhombohedral crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag*ne"si*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. &amp; F. See
<u>Magnesia</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A light silver-white metallic
element, malleable and ductile, quite permanent in dry air but
tarnishing in moist air. It burns, forming (the oxide) magnesia, with
the production of a blinding light (the so-called <i>magnesium
light</i>) which is used in signaling, in pyrotechny, or in
photography where a strong actinic illuminant is required. Its
compounds occur abundantly, as in dolomite, talc, meerschaum, etc.
Symbol Mg. Atomic weight, 24.4. Specific gravity, 1.75.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magnesium sulphate</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Epsom salts</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mag"net</hw> (m&abreve;g"n&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>magnete</i>, OF. <i>magnete</i>, L. <i>magnes</i>, <i>-
etis</i>, Gr. <grk>Magnh^tis li`qos</grk> a magnet, metal that looked
like silver, prop., Magnesian stone, fr. Gr. <grk>Magnhsi`a</grk>, a
country in Thessaly.  Cf. <u>Magnesia</u>, <u>Manganese</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The loadstone; a species of iron ore (the
ferrosoferric or magnetic ore, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) which has
the property of attracting iron and some of its ores, and, when
freely suspended, of pointing to the poles; -- called also <i>natural
magnet</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dinocrates began to make the arched roof of the temple
of Arsino&euml; all of <i>magnet</i>, or this loadstone.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two <i>magnets</i>, heaven and earth, allure to
bliss,<BR>
The larger loadstone that, the nearer this.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A bar or mass of steel or
iron to which the peculiar properties of the loadstone have been
imparted; -- called, in distinction from the loadstone, an
<i>artificial magnet</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An artificial magnet, produced by the action of a voltaic
or electrical battery, is called an <i>electro-magnet</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Field magnet</b></col> <i>(Physics &amp; Elec.)</i>, <cd>a
magnet used for producing and maintaining a magnetic field; -- used
especially of the stationary or exciting magnet of a dynamo or
electromotor in distinction from that of the moving portion or
armature.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mag*net"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mag*net"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>magneticus</i>: cf. F.
<i>magn&eacute;tique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the
magnet; possessing the properties of the magnet, or corresponding
properties; as, a <i>magnetic</i> bar of iron; a <i>magnetic</i>
needle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, or characterized by,
the earth's magnetism; as, the <i>magnetic</i> north; the
<i>magnetic</i> meridian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Capable of becoming a magnet; susceptible
to magnetism; as, the <i>magnetic</i> metals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Endowed with extraordinary personal power
to excite the feelings and to win the affections; attractive;
inducing attachment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She that had all <i>magnetic</i> force
alone.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having, susceptible to, or induced by,
animal magnetism, so called; as, a <i>magnetic</i> sleep. See
<u>Magnetism</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magnetic amplitude</b></col>,
<col><b>attraction</b></col>, <col><b>dip</b></col>,
<col><b>induction</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Amplitude</u>,
<u>Attraction</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic battery</b></col>,
<cd>a combination of bar or horseshoe magnets with the like poles
adjacent, so as to act together with great power.</cd> --
<col><b>Magnetic compensator</b></col>, <cd>a contrivance connected
with a ship's compass for compensating or neutralizing the effect of
the iron of the ship upon the needle.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic
curves</b></col>, <cd>curves indicating lines of magnetic force, as
in the arrangement of iron filings between the poles of a powerful
magnet.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic elements</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Chem. Physics)</i> <cd>Those elements, as
iron, nickel, cobalt, chromium, manganese, etc., which are capable or
becoming magnetic.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Physics)</i> <cd>In
respect to terrestrial magnetism, the declination, inclination, and
intensity</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>See under
<u>Element</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic equator</b></col>, <cd>the
line around the equatorial parts of the earth at which there is no
dip, the dipping needle being horizontal.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic
field</b></col>, or <col><b>Field of magnetic force</b></col>,
<cd>any space through which a magnet exerts its influence.</cd> --
<col><b>Magnetic fluid</b></col>, <cd>the hypothetical fluid whose
existence was formerly assumed in the explanations of the phenomena
of magnetism.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic iron</b></col>, or
<col><b>Magnetic iron ore</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Magnetite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic needle</b></col>, <cd>a
slender bar of steel, magnetized and suspended at its center on a
sharp-pointed pivot, or by a delicate fiber, so that it may take
freely the direction of the magnetic meridian. It constitutes the
essential part of a compass, such as the mariner's and the
surveyor's.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic poles</b></col>, <cd>the two
points in the opposite polar regions of the earth at which the
direction of the dipping needle is vertical.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic
pyrites</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Pyrrhotite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Magnetic storm</b></col> <i>(Terrestrial Physics)</i>, <cd>a
disturbance of the earth's magnetic force characterized by great and
sudden changes.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic telegraph</b></col>, <cd>a
telegraph acting by means of a magnet. See <u>Telegraph</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mag*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A magnet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As the <i>magnetic</i> hardest iron
draws.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any metal, as iron, nickel, cobalt, etc.,
which may receive, by any means, the properties of the loadstone, and
which then, when suspended, fixes itself in the direction of a
magnetic meridian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag*net"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By or as
by, magnetism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag*net"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being magnetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag`ne*ti"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in the science of magnetism; a magnetist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag*net"ic*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Magneticalness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mag*net"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science of
magnetism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag`net*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>magnes</i>, <i>-etis</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing or
conducting magnetism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"net*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>magn&eacute;tisme</i>.] <def>The property, quality, or state, of
being magnetic; the manifestation of the force in nature which is
seen in a magnet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The science which treats of magnetic
phenomena.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Power of attraction; power to excite the
feelings and to gain the affections.</def> "By the <i>magnetism</i>
of interest our affections are irresistibly attracted."
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Animal magnetism</b></col>, <cd>a force, more or less
analogous to magnetism, which, it has been alleged, is produced in
animal tissues, and passes from one body to another with or without
actual contact. The existence of such a force, and its potentiality
for the cure of disease, were asserted by Mesmer in 1775. His
theories and methods were afterwards called <i>mesmerism</i>, a name
which has been popularly applied to theories and claims not put
forward by Mesmer himself. See <u>Mesmerism</u>, <u>Biology</u>,
<u>Od</u>, <u>Hypnotism</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Terrestrial
magnetism</b></col>, <cd>the magnetic force exerted by the earth, and
recognized by its effect upon magnetized needles and bars.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mag"net*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
magnetism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"net*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>An oxide of iron (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) occurring in
isometric crystals, also massive, of a black color and metallic
luster. It is readily attracted by a magnet and sometimes possesses
polarity, being then called <i>loadstone</i>. It is an important iron
ore. Called also <i>magnetic iron</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"net*i`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being magnetized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag`net*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of magnetizing, or the state of being magnetized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"net*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Magnetized</u> (?); <pos><i>prep. &amp; adv.</i></pos>
<u>Magnetizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>magn&eacute;tiser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To communicate magnetic properties to; as, to
<i>magnetize</i> a needle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attract as a magnet attracts, or like a
magnet; to move; to influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fascinated, <i>magnetized</i>, as it were, by his
character.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring under the influence of animal
magnetism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag`net*i*zee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
subjected to the influence of animal magnetism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mag"net*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, imparts magnetism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"net*o-</hw> (?). [See <u>Magnet</u>.] <def>A prefix
meaning <i>pertaining to</i>, <i>produced by</i>, or in some way
<i>connected with</i>, magnetism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mag`net*o-e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <hw>Mag`net*o-
e*lec"tric*al</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or characterized by, electricity by the action of
magnets; as, <i>magneto-electric</i> induction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magneto-electric machine</b></col>, <cd>a form of dynamo-
electric machine in which the field is maintained by permanent steel
magnets instead of electro-magnets.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mag`net*o-e`lec*tric"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Electricity evolved by the action of
magnets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>That branch of science
which treats of the development of electricity by the action of
magnets; -- the counterpart of <i>electro-magnetism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag*net"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Magneto-
</i> + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An automatic instrument
for registering, by photography or otherwise, the states and
variations of any of the terrestrial magnetic elements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag`net*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Magneto-
</i>  + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>magn&eacute;tom&egrave;tre</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring the intensity of
magnetic forces; also, less frequently, an instrument for determining
any of the terrestrial magnetic elements, as the dip and
declination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag`net*o*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or employed in, the measurement of magnetic
forces; obtained by means of a magnetometer; as, <i>magnetometric</i>
instruments; <i>magnetometric</i> measurements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag`net*o*mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A voltaic
series of two or more large plates, producing a great quantity of
electricity of low tension, and hence adapted to the exhibition of
electro-magnetic phenomena.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mag`net*o*ther"a*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The treatment of disease by the application of
magnets to the surface of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"ni*fi`a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Magnify</u>.] <def>Such as can be magnified, or
extolled.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mag*nif"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mag*nif"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>magnificus</i>; <i>magnus</i> great +
<i>facere</i> to make: cf. F. <i>magnifique</i>. See
<u>Magnitude</u>, <u>Fact</u>. and cf. <u>Magnificent</u>.]
<def>Grand; splendid; illustrious; magnificent.</def> [Obs.] <i>1
Chron. xxii. 5.</i> "Thy <i>magnific</i> deeds." <i>Milton.</i> --
<wf>Mag*nif"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mag*nif"i*cat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., it
magnifies.] <def>The song of the Virgin Mary, <i>Luke i. 46</i>; --
so called because it commences with this word in the
Vulgate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag*nif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>magnificatus</i>, p. p. of <i>magnificare</i>.] <def>To magnify or
extol.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of magnifying; enlargement; exaggeration.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mag*nif"i*cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>magnificence</i>, L. <i>magnificentia</i>. See <u>Magnific</u>.]
<def>The act of doing what is magnificent; the state or quality of
being magnificent.</def> <i>Acts xix. 27.</i> "Then cometh
<i>magnificence</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And, for the heaven's wide circuit, let it speak<BR>
The Maker's high <i>magnificence</i>, who built<BR>
so spacious.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The noblest monuments of Roman
<i>magnificence.</i></blockquote> <i>Eustace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag*nif"i*cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Magnificence</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Doing grand things;
admirable in action; displaying great power or opulence, especially
in building, way of living, and munificence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A prince is never so <i>magnificent</i><BR>
As when he's sparing to enrich a few<BR>
With the injuries of many.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Grand in appearance; exhibiting grandeur
or splendor; splendid; pompous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Rome's exalted beauties I descry<BR>
<i>Magnificent</i> in piles of ruin lie.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Glorious; majestic; sublime. See <u>Grand</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mag*nif"i*cent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
Magnificent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag*nif"i*co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Magnificoes</b></plw> (#). [It. See <u>Magnific</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A grandee or nobleman of Venice; -- so called
in courtesy.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rector of a German university.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"ni*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, magnifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Magnified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Magnifying</u> (?).] [OE. <i>magnifien</i>, F. <i>magnifier</i>,
L. <i>magnificare</i>. See <u>Magnific</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make great, or greater; to increase the dimensions of; to
amplify; to enlarge, either in fact or in appearance; as, the
microscope <i>magnifies</i> the object by a thousand
diameters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The least error in a small quantity . . . will in a
great one . . . be proportionately <i>magnified</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To increase the importance of; to augment
the esteem or respect in which one is held.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On that day the Lord <i>magnified</i> Joshua in the
sight of all Israel.</blockquote> <i>Joshua iv. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To praise highly; to laud; to extol.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>O, <i>magnify</i> the Lord with me, and let us exalt
his name together.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxiv. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To exaggerate; as, to <i>magnify</i> a
loss or a difficulty.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To magnify one's self</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>to
exhibit pride and haughtiness; to boast.</cd> -- <col><b>To magnify
one's self against</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>to oppose with
pride.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mag"ni*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To have the power of causing objects to appear larger than they
really are; to increase the apparent dimensions of objects; as, some
lenses <i>magnify</i> but little.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have effect; to be of importance or
significance.</def> [Cant &amp; Obs.]  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Magnifying glass</b></col>, <cd>a lens which magnifies the
apparent dimensions of objects seen through it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mag*nil"o*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>magniloquentia</i>.] <def>The quality of being magniloquent;
pompous discourse; grandiloquence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag*nil"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>magnus</i> great + <i>loquens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>loqui</i> to speak. See <u>Magnitude</u>, <u>Loquacious</u>.]
<def>Speaking pompously; using swelling discourse; bombastic; tumid
in style; grandiloquent.</def> -- <wf>Mag*nil"o*quent*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mag*nil"o*quous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>magniloquus</i>.] <def>Magniloquent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mag"ni*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>magnitudo</i>, from <i>magnus</i> great. See <u>Master</u>, and
cf. <u>Maxim</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extent of dimensions;
size; -- applied to things that have length, breadth, and
thickness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conceive those particles of bodies to be so disposed
amongst themselves, that the intervals of empty spaces between them
may be equal in <i>magnitude</i> to them all.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>That which has one or more
of the three dimensions, length, breadth, and thickness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything of which greater or less can be
predicated, as time, weight, force, and the like.</def></p>

<p><! p. 883 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Greatness; grandeur.</def> "With plain,
heroic <i>magnitude</i> of mind."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Greatness, in reference to influence or
effect; importance; as, an affair of <i>magnitude</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>magnitude</i> of his designs.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Apparent magnitude</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the
angular breadth of an object viewed as measured by the angle which it
subtends at the eye of the observer; -- called also <i>apparent
diameter</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnitude of a star</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the rank of a star with respect to brightness.
About twenty very bright stars are said to be of first magnitude, the
stars of the sixth magnitude being just visible to the naked eye.
Telescopic stars are classified down to the twelfth magnitude or
lower. The scale of the magnitudes is quite arbitrary, but by means
of photometers, the classification has been made to tenths of a
magnitude.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Mag*no"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named after
Pierre <i>Magnol</i>, professor of botany at Montpellier, France, in
the 17th century.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of American and Asiatic
trees, with aromatic bark and large sweet-scented whitish or reddish
flowers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Magnolia grandiflora</i> has coriaceous shining leaves
and very fragrant blossoms. It is common from North Carolina to
Florida and Texas, and is one of the most magnificent trees of the
American forest. The sweet bay (<i>M. glauca</i>)is a small tree
found sparingly as far north as Cape Ann. Other American species are
<i>M. Umbrella</i>, <i>M. macrophylla</i>, <i>M. Fraseri</i>, <i>M.
acuminata</i>, and <i>M. cordata</i>. <i>M. conspicua</i> and <i>M.
purpurea</i> are cultivated shrubs or trees from Eastern Asia. <i>M.
Campbellii</i>, of India, has rose-colored or crimson flowers.</p>

<p><col><b>Magnolia warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
beautiful North American wood warbler (<i>Dendroica maculosa</i>).
The rump and under parts are bright yellow; the breast and belly are
spotted with black; the under tail coverts are white; the crown is
ash.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mag*no`li*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to a natural order (<i>Magnoliace&aelig;</i>) of
trees of which the magnolia, the tulip tree, and the star anise are
examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mag"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Neut. sing. of L.
<i>magnus</i> great.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large wine
bottle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They passed the <i>magnum</i> to one another
freely.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A bone of the carpus at the
base of the third metacarpal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Barbary ape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"ot-pie`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
magpie.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mag"pie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; Prov. E.
<i>magot pie</i>, <i>maggoty pie</i>, fr. <i>Mag</i>, <i>Maggot</i>,
equiv. to <i>Margaret</i>, and fr. F. <i>Marquerite</i>, and common
name of the magpie. <i>Marguerite</i> is fr. L. <i>margarita</i>
pearl, Gr. &?;, prob. of Eastern origin. See <u>Pie</u> magpie, and
cf. the analogous names <u>Tomtit</u>, and <u>Jackdaw</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of the genus
<i>Pica</i> and related genera, allied to the jays, but having a long
graduated tail.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European magpie (<i>Pica pica</i>, or <i>P.
caudata</i>) is a black and white noisy and mischievous bird. It can
be taught to speak. The American magpie (<i>P. Hudsonica</i>) is very
similar. The yellow-belled magpie (<i>P. Nuttalli</i>) inhabits
California. The blue magpie (<i>Cyanopolius Cooki</i>) inhabits
Spain. Other allied species are found in Asia. The Tasmanian and
Australian magpies are crow shrikes, as the white magpie
(<i>Gymnorhina organicum</i>), the black magpie (<i>Strepera
fuliginosa</i>), and the Australian magpie (<i>Cracticus
picatus</i>).</p>

<p><col><b>Magpie lark</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common
Australian bird (<i>Grallina picata</i>), conspicuously marked with
black and white; -- called also <i>little magpie</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Magpie moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a black and
white European geometrid moth (<i>Abraxas grossulariata</i>); the
harlequin moth. Its larva feeds on currant and gooseberry
bushes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`gua*ri"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From native name:
cf. Pg. <i>magoari</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American
stork (<i>Euxenara maguari</i>), having a forked tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"uey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>maguey</i>,
Mexican <i>maguei</i> and <i>metl</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
century plant, a species of <i>Agave</i> (<i>A. Americana</i>). See
<u>Agave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag"yar</hw> (m&abreve;g"y&auml;r; <i>Hung</i>.
m&obreve;d"y&obreve;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hung.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of the dominant people
of Hungary, allied to the Finns; a Hungarian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of the Magyars.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"ha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A kind of baboon; the wanderoo.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ma*ha*ba"ra*ta</hw> (?), <hw>||Ma*ha*bha"ra*tam</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>mah&amacr;bh&amacr;rata</i>.] <def>A
celebrated epic poem of the Hindus.  It is of great length, and is
chiefly devoted to the history of a civil war between two dynasties
of ancient India.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*ha"led</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Ar. <i>mahled</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cherry tree (<i>Prunus Mahaleb</i>) of Southern
Europe. The wood is prized by cabinetmakers, the twigs are used for
pipe stems, the flowers and leaves yield a perfume, and from the
fruit a violet dye and a fermented liquor (like kirschwasser) are
prepared.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*ha*ra"jah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>mah&amacr;r&amacr;ja</i>; <i>mahat</i> great + <i>r&amacr;ja</i>
king.] <def>A sovereign prince in India; -- a title given also to
other persons of high rank.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`ha*rif"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African antelope (<i>Hippotragus
Bakeri</i>). Its face is striped with black and white.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*har"mah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A muslin
wrapper for the head and the lower part of the face, worn by Turkish
and Armenian women when they go abroad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mah"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar., guide, leader.]
<def>Among Mohammedans, the last <i>imam</i> or leader of the
faithful. The Sunni, the largest sect of the Mohammedans, believe
that he is yet to appear.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The title has been taken by several persons in countries
where Mohammedanism prevails, -- notably by Mohammad Ahmed, who
overran the Egyptian Sudan, and in 1885 captured Khartum, his
soldiers killing General Gordon, an Englishman, who was then the
Egyptian governor of the region.</p>

<p><hw>Mahl"-stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Maul-
stick</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"hoe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name given to several malvaceous trees (species of <i>Hibiscus</i>,
<i>Ochroma</i>, etc.), and to their strong fibrous inner bark, which
is used for strings and cordage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*hog"a*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the South
American name.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large tree of
the genus <i>Swietenia</i> (<i>S. Mahogoni</i>), found in tropical
America.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Several other trees, with wood more or less like mahogany,
are called by this name; as, African mahogany (<i>Khaya
Senegalensis</i>), Australian mahogany (<i>Eucalyptus
marginatus</i>), Bastard mahogany (<i>Batonia apetala</i> of the West
Indies), Indian mahogany (<i>Cedrela Toona</i> of Bengal, and trees
of the genera <i>Soymida</i> and <i>Chukrassia</i>), Madeira mahogany
(<i>Persea Indica</i>), Mountain mahogany, the black or cherry birch
(<i>Betula lenta</i>), also the several species of <i>Cercocarpus</i>
of California and the Rocky Mountains.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The wood of the <i>Swietenia Mahogoni</i>.
It is of a reddish brown color, beautifully veined, very hard, and
susceptible of a fine polish. It is used in the manufacture of
furniture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A table made of mahogany wood.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To be under the mahogany</b></col>, <cd>to be so drunk as
to have fallen under the table.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>To put one's
legs under some one's mahogany</b></col>, <cd>to dine with him.</cd>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>||Ma*ho"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South African lemur (<i>Galago maholi</i>), having very large
ears.</def> [Written also <i>moholi</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*hom"ed*an</hw> (?), <hw>Ma*hom"et*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Mohammedan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*hom"et*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mohammedanism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*hom"et*an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mahometanized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Mahometanizing</u> (?).] <def>To convert to
the religion of Mohammed; to Mohammedanize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*hom"et*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mohammedanism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*hom"et*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Mohammedan.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ma*hom"et*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mohammedanism.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ma*hone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large Turkish
ship.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ho"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Bernard
Mc<i>Mahon</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The Oregon grape, a species of
barberry (<i>Berberis Aquifolium</i>), often cultivated for its
hollylike foliage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*hon" stock`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An annual
cruciferous plant with reddish purple or white flowers (<i>Malcolmia
maritima</i>). It is called in England <i>Virginia stock</i>, but the
plant comes from the Mediterranean.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*hoo"hoo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The African white two-horned rhinoceros
(<i>Atelodus simus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ho*ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.  Cf.
<u>Maori</u>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of the dark race inhabiting
principally the islands of Eastern Polynesia. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma`hound</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contemptuous
name for Mohammed; hence, an evil spirit; a devil.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who's this, my <i>mahound</i> cousin ?</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*hout"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>mah&amacr;wat</i>, Skr. <i>mah&amacr;m&amacr;tra</i>; <i>mahat</i>
great + <i>m&amacr;tr&amacr;</i> measure.] <def>The keeper and driver
of an elephant.</def> [East Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Ma*ho"vo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A
device for saving power in stopping and starting a railroad car, by
means of a heavy fly wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mah*rat"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of
the Mahrattas; the language spoken in the Deccan and Concan.</def>
[Written also <i>Marathi</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mah*rat"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>Marhat&amacr;</i>, <i>Marh&amacr;tt&amacr;</i>, the name of a
famous Hindoo race, from the old Skr. name <i>Mah&amacr;-
r&amacr;shtra</i>.] <def>One of a numerous people inhabiting the
southwestern part of India. Also, the language of the Mahrattas;
Mahrati. It is closely allied to Sanskrit.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Mahrattas.</def>
[Written also <i>Maratha</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*hu"met*an</hw> (?), <hw>Ma*hu"met*an*ism</hw> (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> } <def>See <u>Mohammedan</u>,
<u>Mohammedanism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mah"wa tree`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An East Indian
sapotaceous tree (<i>Bassia latifolia</i>, and also <i>B.
butyracea</i>), whose timber is used for wagon wheels, and the
flowers for food and in preparing an intoxicating drink. It is one of
the butter trees. The oil, known as <i>mahwa</i> and <i>yallah</i>,
is obtained from the kernels of the fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>Maia</i>,
a goddess.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of
spider crabs, including the common European species (<i>Maia
squinado</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A beautiful American
bombycid moth (<i>Eucronia maia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any spider crab of the genus Maia, or family
<i>Maiad&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Shortened from
<i>maiden</i>. <i>&?;</i>. See <u>Maiden</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An unmarried woman; usually, a young unmarried woman; esp., a
girl; a virgin; a maiden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Would I had died a <i>maid</i>,<BR>
And never seen thee, never borne thee son.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can a <i>maid</i> forget her ornaments, or a bride her
attire? Yet my people have forgotten me.</blockquote> <i>Jer. ii.
32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man who has not had sexual
intercourse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Christ was a <i>maid</i> and shapen as a
man.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A female servant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spinning amongst her <i>maids</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Maid</i> is used either adjectively or in composition,
signifying <i>female</i>, as in <i>maid</i> child,
<i>maid</i>servant.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The female of a ray or
skate, esp. of the gray skate (<i>Raia batis</i>), and of the
thornback (<i>R. clavata</i>).</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Fair maid</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Fair</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Maid of
honor</b></col>, <cd>a female attendant of a queen or royal princess;
-- usually of noble family, and having to perform only nominal or
honorary duties.</cd> -- <col><b>Old maid</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Old</u>.</cd>
</p>

<p>
<hw>Maid"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>maiden</i>,
<i>meiden</i>, AS. <i>m&aelig;gden</i>, dim. of AS.
<i>m&aelig;g&?;</i>, fr. <i>mago</i> son, servant; akin to G.
<i>magd</i>, <i>m&auml;dchen</i>, maid, OHG. <i>magad</i>, Icel.
<i>m&ouml;gr</i> son, Goth.  <i>magus</i> boy, child, <i>magaps</i>
virgin, and perh. to Zend. <i>magu</i> youth.  Cf. <u>Maid</u> a
virgin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An unmarried woman; a girl or woman
who has not experienced sexual intercourse; a virgin; a
maid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She employed the residue of her life to repairing of
highways, building of bridges, and endowing of
<i>maidens</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>maiden</i> of our century, yet most
meek.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A female servant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument resembling the guillotine,
formerly used in Scotland for beheading criminals.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A machine for washing linen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maid"en</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to a maiden, or to maidens; suitable to, or
characteristic of, a virgin; as, <i>maiden</i> innocence.</def> "Amid
the <i>maiden</i> throng."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Have you no modesty, no <i>maiden</i> shame
?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Never having been married; not having had
sexual intercourse; virgin; -- said usually of the woman, but
sometimes of the man; as, a <i>maiden</i> aunt.</def> "A surprising
old <i>maiden</i> lady."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fresh; innocent; unpolluted; pure;
hitherto unused.</def> "<i>Maiden</i> flowers."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Full bravely hast thou fleshed<BR>
Thy <i>maiden</i> sword.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Used of a fortress, signifying that it has
never been captured, or violated.</def>  <i> T. Warton.
Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Maiden assize</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>an assize
which there is no criminal prosecution; an assize which is unpolluted
with blood. It was usual, at such an assize, for the sheriff to
present the judge with a pair of white gloves.</cd> <i>Smart.</i> --
<col><b>Maiden name</b></col>, <cd>the surname of a woman before her
marriage.</cd> -- <col><b>Maiden pink</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Pink</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Maiden plum</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian tree (<i>Comocladia
integrifolia</i>) with purplish drupes. The sap of the tree is
glutinous, and gives a persistent black stain.</cd> -- <col><b>Maiden
speech</b></col>, <cd>the first speech made by a person, esp. by a
new member in a public body.</cd> -- <col><b>Maiden tower</b></col>,
<cd>the tower most capable of resisting an enemy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Maid"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act coyly like a
maiden; -- with <i>it</i> as an indefinite object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For had I <i>maiden'd</i> it, as many use.<BR>
Loath for to grant, but loather to refuse.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maid"en*hair`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A fern of the genus <i>Adiantum</i> (<i>A. pedatum</i>), having
very slender graceful stalks. It is common in the United States, and
is sometimes used in medicine. The name is also applied to other
species of the same genus, as to the Venus-hair.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Maiden grass</b></col>, <cd>the smaller quaking
grass.</cd> -- <col><b>Maiden tree</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Ginkgo</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Maid"en*head</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Maidenhood</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being a
maiden; maidenhood; virginity.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being unused or
uncontaminated; freshness; purity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>maidenhead</i> of their credit.</blockquote>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The hymen, or virginal membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maid"en*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&aelig;gdenh&amacr;d</i>. See <u>Maid</u>, and <u>-hood</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being a maid or a virgin;
virginity.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Newness; freshness; uncontaminated
state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>maidenhood</i><BR>
Of thy fight.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maid"en*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
maiden; modest; coy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maid"en*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being maidenly; the behavior that becomes a maid; modesty;
gentleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maid"en*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a maid;
suiting a maid; maiden-like; gentle, modest, reserved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Must you be blushing ? . . . <BR>
What a <i>maidenly</i> man-at-arms are you become !</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maid"en*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a maidenlike
manner.</def> "<i>Maidenly</i> demure."  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maid"en*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Maidenhood.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maid"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&aelig;g&eth;h&amacr;d</i>. See <u>Maid</u>, and <u>-hood</u>.]
<def>Maidenhood.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maid`ma"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Maid</i> +
<i>Marian</i>, relating to <i>Mary</i>, or the Virgin <i>Mary</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The lady of the May games; one of the
characters in a morris dance; a May queen.  Afterward, a grotesque
character personated in sports and buffoonery by a man in woman's
clothes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of dance.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maid"pale`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pale, like a
sick girl.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maid"serv`ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
servant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maid's" hair`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The yellow bedstraw
(<i>Galium verum</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*ieu"tic</hw> (m&asl;*&umacr;"t&ibreve;k),
<hw>Ma*ieu"tic*al</hw> (-t&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>maieytiko`s</grk>, fr.
<grk>mai^a</grk> midwife.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving to assist
childbirth.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig. : Aiding, or tending to, the
definition and interpretation of thoughts or language.</def>
<i>Payne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ieu"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
giving birth (<i>i. e.</i>, clearness and conviction) to ideas, which
are conceived as struggling for birth.</def>  <i>Payne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mai"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The meagre.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mai"gre</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Meager</u>.]
<def>Belonging to a fast day or fast; as, a <i>maigre</i> day.</def>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Maigre food</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>food allowed
to be eaten on fast days.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 884 !></p>

<p><hw>Mai"hem</hw> (m&amacr;"h&ebreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Maim</u>, and <u>Mayhem</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mai*kel"</hw> (m&auml;&ibreve;*k&asl;l"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American
carnivore of the genus <i>Conepatus</i>, allied to the skunk, but
larger, and having a longer snout. The tail is not bushy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mai*kong"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South American wild dog (<i>Canis cancrivorus</i>); the crab-
eating dog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mail</hw> (m&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spot.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>maille</i>, OF. also
<i>maaille</i>, LL. <i>medalia</i>. See <u>Medal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of money; especially, an
English silver half-penny of the time of Henry V.</def> [Obs.]
[Written also <i>maile</i>, and <i>maille</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rent; tribute.</def> [Obs., except in
certain compounds and phrases, as blackmail, mails and duties,
etc.]</p>

<p><col><b>Mail and duties</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>, <cd>the
rents of an estate, in whatever form paid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>maile</i>,
<i>maille</i>, F. <i>maille</i> a ring of mail, mesh, network, a coat
of mail, fr. L. <i>macula</i> spot, a mesh of a net.  Cf.
<u>Macle</u>, <u>Macula</u>, <u>Mascle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A flexible fabric made of metal rings interlinked. It was used
especially for defensive armor.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chain mail</b></col>, <col><b>Coat of mail</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Chain</u>, and <u>Coat</u>.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence generally, armor, or any defensive
covering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A contrivance of
interlinked rings, for rubbing off the loose hemp on lines and white
cordage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any hard protective
covering of an animal, as the scales and plates of reptiles, shell of
a lobster, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We . . . strip the lobster of his scarlet
<i>mail</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
arm with mail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pinion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>male</i> bag, OF.
<i>male</i>, F. <i>malle</i> bag, trunk, mail, OHG. <i>malaha</i>,
<i>malha</i>, wallet; akin to D. <i>maal</i>, <i>male</i>; cf. Gael.
& Ir. <i>mala</i>, Gr. <grk>molgo`s</grk>  hide, skin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bag; a wallet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The bag or bags with the letters, papers,
or other matter contained therein, conveyed under public authority
from one post office to another; the whole system of appliances used
by government in the conveyance and delivery of mail
matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>mail</i> come in to-day, with letters
dated Hague.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which comes in the mail; letters,
etc., received through the post office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A trunk, box, or bag, in which clothing,
etc., may be carried.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mail bag</b></col>, <cd>a bag in which mailed matter is
conveyed under public authority.</cd> -- <col><b>Mail boat</b></col>,
<cd>a boat that carries the mail.</cd> -- <col><b>Mail
catcher</b></col>, <cd>an iron rod, or other contrivance, attached to
a railroad car for catching a mail bag while the train is in
motion.</cd> -- <col><b>Mail guard</b></col>, <cd>an officer whose
duty it is to guard the public mails.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Mail
train</b></col>, <cd>a railroad train carrying the mail.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mailed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mailing</u>.] <def>To deliver into the custody of the postoffice
officials, or place in a government letter box, for transmission by
mail; to post; as, to <i>mail</i> a letter.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p>&fist; In the United States <i>to mail</i> and <i>to post</i> are
both in common use; as, to <i>mail</i> or <i>post</i> a letter. In
England <i>post</i> is the commoner usage.</p>

<p><hw>Mail"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admissible
lawfully into the mail.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mail"clad`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Protected by a
coat of mail; clad in armor.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mailed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Protected by an external coat, or covering, of scales or
plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mailed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Mail</u>.]
<def>Spotted; speckled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mail"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot., fr.
<i>mail</i> tribute, rent. See 2d <u>Mail</u>.] <def>A farm.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mail"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A chiton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maim</hw> (m&amacr;m), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Maimed</u> (m&amacr;md);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Maiming</u>.] [OE. <i>maimen</i>, OF.
<i>mahaignier</i>, <i>mehaignier</i>, <i>meshaignier</i>, cf. It.
<i>magagnare</i>, LL. <i>mahemiare</i>, <i>mahennare</i>; perh. of
Celtic origin; cf. Armor. <i>mac'ha&ntilde;a</i> to mutilate,
<i>m&amacr;c'ha</i> to crowd, press; or cf. OHG. <i>mang&omacr;n</i>
to lack, perh. akin to E. <i>mangle</i> to lacerate.  Cf.
<u>Mayhem</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the use of a
limb, so as to render a person in fighting less able either to defend
himself or to annoy his adversary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the ancient law of England he that <i>maimed</i>
any man whereby he lost any part of his body, was sentenced to lose
the like part.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mutilate; to cripple; to injure; to
disable; to impair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My late <i>maimed</i> limbs lack wonted
might.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>maimed</i> the jurisdiction of all
bishops.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To mutilate; mangle; cripple.</p>

<p><hw>Maim</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written in law language
<i>maihem</i>, and <i>mayhem</i>.] [OF. <i>mehaing</i>. See
<u>Maim</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
privation of the use of a limb or member of the body, by which one is
rendered less able to defend himself or to annoy his
adversary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The privation of any necessary part; a
crippling; mutilation; injury; deprivation of something essential.
See <u>Mayhem</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Surely there is more cause to fear lest the want there
of be a <i>maim</i> than the use of it a blemish.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A noble author esteems it to be a <i>maim</i> in
history that the acts of Parliament should not be
recited.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maim"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a maimed
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maim"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
maimed.</def>  <i>Bolton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Main</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>main</i> hand, L.
<i>manus</i>. See <u>Manual</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hand or
match at dice.</def>  <i>Prior.</i>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stake played for at dice.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The largest throw in a match at dice; a
throw at dice within given limits, as in the game of
hazard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A match at cockfighting.</def> "My lord
would ride twenty miles . . . to see a <i>main</i> fought."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A main-hamper.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Main</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>m&aelig;gen</i>
strength, power, force; akin to OHG. <i>magan</i>, Icel.
<i>megin</i>, and to E. <i>may</i>, v. &?;. See <u>May</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Strength; force; might;
violent effort.</def> [Obs., except in certain phrases.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There were in this battle of most might and
<i>main</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. of Gl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He 'gan advance,<BR>
With huge force, and with importable <i>main</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The chief or principal part; the main or
most important thing.</def> [Obs., except in special uses.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Resolved to rest upon the title of Lancaster as the
<i>main</i>, and to use the other two . . . but as
supporters.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
great sea, as distinguished from an arm, bay, etc. ; the high sea;
the ocean.</def> "Struggling in the <i>main</i>." <i>Dryden.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The continent, as distinguished from an
island; the mainland.</def> "Invaded the <i>main</i> of Spain."
<i>Bacon.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>principal duct or pipe, as
distinguished from lesser ones; esp. <i>(Engin.)</i>, a principal
pipe leading to or from a reservoir; as, a fire
<i>main</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Forcing main</b></col>, <cd>the delivery pipe of a
pump.</cd> -- <col><b>For the main</b></col>, or <col><b>In the
main</b></col>, <cd>for the most part; in the greatest part.</cd> --
<col><b>With might and main</b></col>, or <col><b>With all one's
might and main</b></col>, <cd>with all one's strength; with violent
effort.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>With might and main</i> they chased the murderous
fox.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Main</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Main</u>
strength, possibly influenced by OF.  <i>maine</i>, <i>magne</i>,
great, L. <i>magnus</i>.  Cf. <u>Magnate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Very or extremely strong.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That current with <i>main</i> fury ran.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vast; huge.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>main</i>
abyss."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unqualified; absolute; entire;
sheer.</def> [Obs.] "It's a <i>man</i> untruth." <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Principal; chief; first in size, rank,
importance, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>main</i> interest is to be happy as we
can.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Important; necessary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That which thou aright<BR>
Believest so <i>main</i> to our success, I bring.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>By main force</b></col>, <cd>by mere force or sheer force;
by violent effort; as, to subdue insurrection <i>by main
force</i>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>That Maine which <i>by main force</i> Warwick did
win.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>By main strength</b></col>, <cd>by sheer strength; as,
to lift a heavy weight <i>by main strength</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Main
beam</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>working beam.</cd> --
<col><b>Main boom</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the boom which
extends the foot of the mainsail in a fore and aft vessel.</cd> --
<col><b>Main brace</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i>
<cd>The brace which resists the chief strain.  Cf. <u>Counter
brace</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>The brace
attached to the main yard.</cd> -- <col><b>Main center</b></col>
<i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a shaft upon which a working beam or side
lever swings.</cd> -- <col><b>Main chance</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Chance</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Main couple</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>the principal truss in a roof.</cd> -- <col><b>Main
deck</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the deck next below the spar deck;
the principal deck.</cd> -- <col><b>Main keel</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the principal or true keel of a vessel, as
distinguished from the false keel.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Principal; chief; leading; cardinal; capital.</p>

<p><hw>Main</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Main</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Very; extremely; as, <i>main</i>
heavy.</def> "I'm <i>main</i> dry." <i>Foote.</i> [Obs. or Low]</p>

<p><hw>Maine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the New
England States.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Maine law</b></col>, <cd>any law prohibiting the
manufacture and sale of intoxicating beverages, esp. one resembling
that enacted in the State of Maine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Main`-gauche"</hw> (m&abreve;N`g&omacr;sh"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., the left hand.] <i>(Ancient Armor)</i>
<def>The dagger held in the left hand, while the rapier is held in
the right; -- used to parry thrusts of the adversary's
rapier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Main"-ham`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  <i>main</i>
hand (see <u>Main</u> a hand at dice) + E. <i>hamper</i>.] <def>A
hamper to be carried in the hand; a hand basket used in carrying
grapes to the press.</def></p>

<p><hw>Main"land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The continent;
the principal land; -- opposed to <i>island</i>, or
<i>peninsula</i>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After the two wayfarers had crossed from the peninsula
to the <i>mainland</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Main"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <i>main</i>
strong. See <u>Main</u> strength.] <def>Very strongly; mightily; to a
great degree.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon. Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Main"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <i>main</i>
principal, chief.] <def>Principally; chiefly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Main"mast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The principal mast in a ship or other vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Main"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Anglo-Norm.
<i>meinoure</i>, OF. <i>manuevre</i>. See <u>Maneuver</u>.] <i>(O.
Eng. Law)</i> <def>A thing stolen found on the person of the
thief.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A thief was said to be "taken with the <i>mainor</i>," when
he was taken with the thing stolen upon him, that is, <i>in his
hands</i>.  <i>Wharton.</i>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Main"per*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>main</i> hand + <i>pernable</i>, for <i>prenable</i>, that may be
taken, pregnable. See <u>Mainpernor</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Capable
of being admitted to give surety by mainpernors; able to be
mainprised.</def></p>

<p><hw>Main"per*nor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>main</i>
hand + <i>pernor</i>, for <i>preneor</i>, a taker, F. <i>preneur</i>,
fr. <i>prendre</i> to take.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A surety, under the
old writ of mainprise, for a prisoner's appearance in court at a
day.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Mainpernors</i> differ from <i>bail</i> in that a man's
<i>bail</i> may imprison or surrender him before the stipulated day
of appearance; <i>mainpernors</i> can do neither; they are bound to
produce him to answer all charges whatsoever.  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Main"pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Vehicles)</i>
<def>A kingbolt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Main"prise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>main</i> hand
+ <i>prise</i> a taking, fr. <i>prendre</i>, p. p. <i>pris</i> to
take, fr. L. <i>prehendere</i>, <i>prehensum</i>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A writ directed to the sheriff, commanding
him to take sureties, called <i>mainpernors</i>, for the prisoner's
appearance, and to let him go at large. This writ is now
obsolete.</def> <i>Wharton.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Deliverance
of a prisoner on security for his appearance at a day.</def></p>

<p><hw>Main"prise</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mainprised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.  &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mainprising</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To suffer to go
at large, on his finding sureties, or mainpernors, for his appearance
at a day; -- said of a prisoner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mains</hw> (m&amacr;nz), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. See
<u>Manse</u>.] <def>The farm attached to a mansion house.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Main"sail`</hw> (m&amacr;n"s&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The principal sail in a ship or other
vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] hoised up the <i>mainsail</i> to the
wind.</blockquote> <i> Acts xxvii. 40.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>mainsail</i> of a ship is extended upon a yard
attached to the mainmast, and that of a sloop or schooner upon the
boom.</p>

<p><hw>Main"sheet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>One of the ropes by which the mainsail is hauled aft and
trimmed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Main"spring`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The principal
or most important spring in a piece of mechanism, especially the
moving spring of a watch or clock or the spring in a gunlock which
impels the hammer. Hence: The chief or most powerful motive; the
efficient cause of action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Main"stay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The stay extending from the foot of the foremast
to the maintop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Main support; principal
dependence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>mainstay</i> of the Church.</blockquote>
<i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Main"swear`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&amacr;nswerian</i> to forswear; <i>m&amacr;n</i> sin, crime +
<i>swerian</i> to swear.] <def>To swear falsely.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Main*tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Maintained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Maintaining</u>.] [OE. <i>maintenen</i>, F. <i>maintenir</i>,
properly, to hold by the hand; <i>main</i> hand (L. <i>manus</i>) +
F. <i>tenir</i> to hold (L. <i>tenere</i>). See <u>Manual</u>, and
Tenable.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hold or keep in any particular
state or condition; to support; to sustain; to uphold; to keep up;
not to suffer to fail or decline; as, to <i>maintain</i> a certain
degree of heat in a furnace; to <i>maintain</i> a fence or a
railroad; to <i>maintain</i> the digestive process or powers of the
stomach; to <i>maintain</i> the fertility of soil; to <i>maintain</i>
present reputation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep possession of; to hold and defend;
not to surrender or relinquish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God values . . . every one as he <i>maintains</i> his
post.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To continue; not to suffer to cease or
fail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Maintain</i> talk with the duke.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bear the expense of; to support; to
keep up; to supply with what is needed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Glad, by his labor, to <i>maintain</i> his
life.</blockquote> <i>Stirling.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>maintains</i> one vice would bring up two
children.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To affirm; to support or defend by
argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is hard to <i>maintain</i> the truth, but much
harder to be maintained by it.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To assert; vindicate; allege. See
<u>Assert</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Main*tain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may
be maintained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Main*tain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
maintains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Main*tain"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>mainteneor</i>, F. <i>mainteneur</i>.] <i>(Crim. Law)</i> <def>One
who, not being interested, maintains a cause depending between
others, by furnishing money, etc., to either party.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Main"te*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>maintenance</i>. See <u>Maintain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of maintaining; sustenance; support; defense;
vindication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever is granted to the church for God's honor
and the <i>maintenance</i> of his service, is granted to
God.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which maintains or supports; means of
sustenance; supply of necessaries and conveniences.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those of better fortune not making learning their
<i>maintenance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Crim. Law)</i> <def>An officious or
unlawful intermeddling in a cause depending between others, by
assisting either party with money or means to carry it on. See
<u>Champerty</u>.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cap of maintenance</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cap</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Main"top`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The platform about the head of the mainmast in square-rigged
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Main" yard`</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The yard on which
the mainsail is extended, supported by the mainmast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mai"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Maia</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the genus
Maia, or family <i>Maiade&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mais"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Master.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mais"ter</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Principal;
chief.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mais"tre</hw> (?), <hw>Mais"trie</hw>, <hw>Mais"try</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mastery; superiority; art. See
<u>Mastery</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mais"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mistress.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mai"thes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Maghet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maize</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>maiz</i>. fr.
<i>mahiz</i> or <i>mahis</i>, is the language of the Island of
Hayti.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large species of American grass of the
genus <i>Zea</i> (<i>Z. Mays</i>), widely cultivated as a forage and
food plant; Indian corn.  Also, its seed, growing on cobs, and used
as food for men and animals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Maize eater</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South
American bird of the genus <i>Pseudoleistes</i>, allied to the
troupials.</cd> -- <col><b>Maize yellow</b></col>, <cd>a delicate
pale yellow.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Maj`es*tat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Maj`es*tat"*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Majestic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E. Pocock.</i>
<i>Dr. J. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*jes"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Majesty</u>.] <def>Possessing or exhibiting majesty; of august
dignity, stateliness, or imposing grandeur; lofty; noble;
grand.</def> "The <i>majestic</i> world." <i>Shak.</i> "Tethys' grave
<i>majestic</i> pace."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The least portions must be of the epic kind; all must
be grave, <i>majestic</i>, and sublime.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- August; splendid; grand; sublime; magnificent;
imperial; regal; pompous; stately; lofty; dignified; elevated.</p>

<p><! p. 885 !></p>

<p><hw>Ma*jes"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Majestic.</def>  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An older architecture, greater, cunninger, more
<i>majestical</i>.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ma*jes"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ma*jes"tic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ma*jes"tic*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being majestic.</def>  <i>Oldenburg.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maj"es*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Majesties</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>magestee</i>, F.
<i>majest&eacute;</i>, L. <i>majestas</i>, fr. an old compar. of
<i>magnus</i> great. See <u>Major</u>, <u>Master</u>.] <def>The
dignity and authority of sovereign power; quality or state which
inspires awe or reverence; grandeur; exalted dignity, whether
proceeding from rank, character, or bearing; imposing loftiness;
stateliness; -- usually applied to the rank and dignity of
sovereigns.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord reigneth; he is clothed with
<i>majesty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xciii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No sovereign has ever represented the <i>majesty</i>
of a great state with more dignity and grace.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, used with the possessive pronoun,
the title of an emperor, king or queen; -- in this sense taking a
plural; as, their <i>majesties</i> attended the concert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all the public writs which he [Emperor Charles V.]
now issued as King of Spain, he assumed the title of <i>Majesty</i>,
and required it from his subjects as a mark of respect.  Before that
time all the monarchs of Europe were satisfied with the appellation
of <i>Highness</i> or <i>Grace</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dignity; elevation of manner or
style.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*jol"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A kind
of pottery, with opaque glazing and showy decoration, which reached
its greatest perfection in Italy in the 16th century.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is said to be derived from Majorca, which was an
early seat of this manufacture.  <i>Heyse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"jor</hw> (?), [L. <i>major</i>, compar. of magnus great:
cf. F. <i>majeur</i>.  Cf. <u>Master</u>, <u>Mayor</u>,
<u>Magnitude</u>, <u>More</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Greater in number, quantity, or extent; as,
the <i>major</i> part of the assembly; the <i>major</i> part of the
revenue; the <i>major</i> part of the territory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of greater dignity; more important.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of full legal age.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Greater by a semitone,
either in interval or in difference of pitch from another
tone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Major axis</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the greater axis.
See <u>Focus</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Major
key</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a key in which one and two, two and
three, four and five, five and six and seven, make major seconds, and
three and four, and seven and eight, make minor seconds.</cd> --
<col><b>Major offense</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an offense of a
greater degree which contains a lesser offense, as murder and robbery
include assault.</cd> -- <col><b>Major premise</b></col>
<i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>that premise of a syllogism which contains the
major term.</cd> -- <col><b>Major scale</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>the natural diatonic scale, which has semitones between the third
and fourth, and seventh and fourth, and seventh and eighth degrees;
the scale of the major mode, of which the third is major. See
<u>Scale</u>, and <u>Diatonic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Major
second</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a second between whose tones is a
difference in pitch of a step.</cd> -- <col><b>Major sixth</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a sixth of four steps and a half step. In major
keys the third and sixth from the key tone are major. Major keys and
intervals, as distinguished from minors, are more cheerful.</cd> --
<col><b>Major term</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>that term of a
syllogism which forms the predicate of the conclusion.</cd> --
<col><b>Major third</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a third of two
steps.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma"jor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>major</i>. See
<u>Major</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>An officer next in rank above a captain and next below a
lieutenant colonel; the lowest field officer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person of full
age.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>That premise which contains
the major term. It its the first proposition of a regular syllogism;
as: No unholy person is qualified for happiness in heaven [the
major]. Every man in his natural state is unholy [minor]. Therefore,
no man in his natural state is qualified for happiness in heaven
[conclusion or inference].</def></p>

<p>&fist; In hypothetical syllogisms, the hypothetical premise is
called the <i>major</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [LL. See <u>Major</u>.] <def>A mayor.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`jo`rat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>majorat</i>, LL. <i>majoratus</i>. See <u>Major</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Majorate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The right of succession to property according to age; -- so
termed in some of the countries of continental Europe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(French Law)</i> <def>Property, landed or
funded, so attached to a title of honor as to descend with
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"jor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
rank of a major.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"jor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>majorare</i> to augment. See <u>Major</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>To augment; to increase.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma`jor*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Increase;
enlargement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*jor"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Majorca.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Majorca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma`jor-do"mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>mayordomo</i>, or It. <i>maggiordomo</i>; both fr. LL.
<i>majordomus</i>; L. <i>major</i> greater + <i>domus</i> house.]
<def>A man who has authority to act, within certain limits, as master
of the house; a steward; also, a chief minister or officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"jor gen"er*al</hw> (?). <def>An officer of the army holding
a rank next above that of brigadier general and next below that of
lieutenant general, and who usually commands a division or a
corps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*jor"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Majorities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>majorit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Major</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or condition of
being major or greater; superiority.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The military rank of a major.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The condition of being of full age, or
authorized by law to manage one's own affairs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The greater number; more than half; as, a
<i>majority</i> of mankind; a <i>majority</i> of the votes
cast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. L. <i>majores</i>.] <def>Ancestors;
ancestry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The amount or number by which one
aggregate exceeds all other aggregates with which it is contrasted;
especially, the number by which the votes for a successful candidate
exceed those for all other candidates; as, he is elected by a
<i>majority</i> of five hundred votes. See
<u>Plurality</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To go over to, or To join</b></col>, <col><b>the
majority</b></col>, <cd>to die.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma"jor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
major.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maj"oun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Madjoun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*jus"cu*l&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.,
fem. pl. fr. <i>majusculus</i> somewhat greater or great, dim. of
<i>major</i>, <i>majus</i>. See <u>Major</u>.]
<i>(Pal&aelig;ography)</i> <def>Capital letters, as found in
manuscripts of the sixth century and earlier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*jus"cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>majuscule</i>. See <u>Majuscul&aelig;</u>.] <def>A capital letter;
especially, one used in ancient manuscripts. See
<u>Majuscul&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Majuscule writing</b></col>, <cd>writing composed wholly
of capital letters, especially the style which prevailed in Europe
from the third to the sixth century.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mak"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mak"a*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Macaroon</u>, 2.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Make</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>maca</i>,
<i>gemaca</i>. See <u>Match</u>.] <def>A companion; a mate; often, a
husband or a wife.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For in this world no woman is<BR>
Worthy to be my <i>make</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Make</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Made</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Making</u>.] [OE. <i>maken</i>, <i>makien</i>, AS. <i>macian</i>;
akin to OS. <i>mak&?;n</i>, OFries. <i>makia</i>, D. <i>maken</i>, G.
<i>machen</i>, OHG. <i>mahh&?;n</i> to join, fit, prepare, make, Dan.
<i>mage</i>.  Cf. <u>Match</u> an equal.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to exist; to bring into being; to form; to produce; to frame;
to fashion; to create.</def> Hence, in various specific uses or
applications: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To form of materials; to cause
to exist in a certain form; to construct; to fabricate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . fashioned it with a graving tool, after he
had <i>made</i> it a molten calf.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxii.
4.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To produce, as something artificial,
unnatural, or false; -- often with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>make</i> up a
story.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Art, with her contending, doth aspire<BR>
To excel the natural with <i>made</i> delights.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To bring about; to bring forward; to be
the cause or agent of; to effect, do, perform, or execute; -- often
used with a noun to form a phrase equivalent to the simple verb that
corresponds to such noun; as, to <i>make</i> complaint, for to
complain; to <i>make</i> record of, for to record; to <i>make</i>
abode, for to abide, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Call for Samson, that he may <i>make</i> us
sport.</blockquote> <i>Judg. xvi. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wealth <i>maketh</i> many friends.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xix. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will neither plead my age nor sickness in excuse of
the faults which I have <i>made</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To execute with the requisite
formalities; as, to <i>make</i> a bill, note, will, deed, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To gain, as the result of one's efforts; to
get, as profit; to make acquisition of; to have accrue or happen to
one; as, to <i>make</i> a large profit; to <i>make</i> an error; to
<i>make</i> a loss; to <i>make</i> money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He accuseth Neptune unjustly who <i>makes</i>
shipwreck a second time.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To find, as the result of calculation or
computation; to ascertain by enumeration; to find the number or
amount of, by reckoning, weighing, measurement, and the like; as, he
<i>made</i> the distance of; to travel over; as, the ship
<i>makes</i> ten knots an hour; he <i>made</i> the distance in one
day.</def> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>To put in a desired or desirable
condition; to cause to thrive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>makes</i> or ruins with a smile or
frown.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be or become; to put into a
given state verb, or adjective; to constitute; as, to <i>make</i>
known; to <i>make</i> public; to <i>make</i> fast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>made</i> thee a prince and a judge over
us?</blockquote> <i>Ex. ii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>See, I have <i>made</i> thee a god to
Pharaoh.</blockquote> <i>Ex. vii. 1.</i></p>

<p>&fist; When used reflexively with an adjective, the reflexive
pronoun is often omitted; as, to <i>make</i> merry; to <i>make</i>
bold; to <i>make</i> free, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to appear to be; to constitute
subjectively; to esteem, suppose, or represent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is not that goose and ass that Valla would
<i>make</i> him.</blockquote> <i>Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To require; to constrain; to compel; to
force; to cause; to occasion; -- followed by a noun or pronoun and
infinitive.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the active voice the <i>to</i> of the infinitive is
usually omitted.</p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>make</i> them hear my words.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. iv. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They should be <i>made</i> to rise at their early
hour.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To become; to be, or to be capable of
being, changed or fashioned into; to do the part or office of; to
furnish the material for; as, he will <i>make</i> a good musician;
sweet cider <i>makes</i> sour vinegar; wool <i>makes</i> warm
clothing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And old cloak <i>makes</i> a new jerkin.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To compose, as parts, ingredients, or
materials; to constitute; to form; to amount to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heaven, the air, the earth, and boundless sea,<BR>
<i>Make</i> but one temple for the Deity.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To be engaged or concerned in.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Gomez, what <i>makest</i> thou here, with a whole
brotherhood of city bailiffs?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To reach; to attain; to arrive at or in
sight of.</def> "And <i>make</i> the Libyan shores."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They that sail in the middle can <i>make</i> no land
of either side.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make a bed</b></col>, <cd>to prepare a bed for being
slept on, or to put it in order.</cd> -- <col><b>To make a
card</b></col> <i>(Card Playing)</i>, <cd>to take a trick with
it.</cd> -- <col><b>To make account</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Account</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To make account
of</b></col>, <cd>to esteem; to regard.</cd> -- <col><b>To make
away</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To put out of the way; to
kill; to destroy.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If a child were crooked or deformed in body or mind,
they <i>made</i> him <i>away</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To alienate; to transfer; to make
over.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Waller.</i> -- <col><b>To make
believe</b></col>, <cd>to pretend; to feign; to simulate.</cd> --
<col><b>To make bold</b></col>, <cd>to take the liberty; to
venture.</cd> -- <col><b>To make the cards</b></col> <i>(Card
Playing)</i>, <cd>to shuffle the pack.</cd> -- <col><b>To make choice
of</b></col>, <cd>to take by way of preference; to choose.</cd> --
<col><b>To make danger</b></col>, <cd>to make experiment.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i> -- <col><b>To make default</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>to fail to appear or answer.</cd> -- <col><b>To make the
doors</b></col>, <cd>to shut the door.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Make the doors</i> upon a woman's wit, and it will
out at the casement.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>- <col><b>To make free with</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Free</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To make good</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Good</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To make head</b></col>, <cd>to
make headway.</cd> -- <col><b>To make light of</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Light</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To make
little of</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To belittle.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To accomplish easily.</cd> -- <col><b>To make
love to</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Love</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To make meat</b></col>, <cd>to
cure meat in the open air.</cd> [Colloq. Western U. S.] -- <col><b>To
make merry</b></col>, <cd>to feast; to be joyful or jovial.</cd> --
<col><b>To make much of</b></col>, <cd>to treat with much
consideration,, attention, or fondness; to value highly.</cd> --
<col><b>To make no bones</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bone</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To make no difference</b></col>,
<cd>to have no weight or influence; to be a matter of
indifference.</cd> -- <col><b>To make no doubt</b></col>, <cd>to have
no doubt.</cd> -- <col><b>To make no matter</b></col>, <cd>to have no
weight or importance; to make no difference.</cd> -- <col><b>To make
oath</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to swear, as to the truth of
something, in a prescribed form of law.</cd> -- <col><b>To make
of</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To understand or think
concerning; as, not to know what <i>to make of</i> the news.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To pay attention to; to cherish; to esteem;
to account.</cd> "<i>Makes</i> she no more <i>of</i> me than
<i>of</i> a slave." <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>To make one's
law</b></col> <i>(Old Law)</i>, <cd>to adduce proof to clear one's
self of a charge.</cd> -- <col><b>To make out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To find out; to discover; to decipher; as,
<i>to make out</i> the meaning of a letter.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To prove; to establish; as, the plaintiff was unable <i>to
make</i> out his case</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To make complete
or exact; as, he was not able <i>to make out</i> the money.</cd> --
<col><b>To make over</b></col>, <cd>to transfer the title of; to
convey; to alienate; as, he <i>made over</i> his estate in trust or
in fee.</cd> -- <col><b>To make sail</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To increase the quantity of sail already
extended</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To set sail.</cd> --
<col><b>To make shift</b></col>, <cd>to manage by expedients; as,
they <i>made shift</i> to do without it.</cd> [Colloq.]. --
<col><b>To make sternway</b></col>, <cd>to move with the stern
foremost; to go or drift backward.</cd> -- <col><b>To make
strange</b></col>, <cd>to act in an unfriendly manner or as if
surprised; to treat as strange; as, <i>to make strange</i> of a
request or suggestion.</cd> -- <col><b>To make suit to</b></col>,
<cd>to endeavor to gain the favor of; to court.</cd> -- <col><b>To
make sure</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Sure</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To
make up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To collect into a sum or
mass; as, <i>to make up</i> the amount of rent; <i>to make up</i> a
bundle or package.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To reconcile; to
compose; as, <i>to make up</i> a difference or quarrel.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To supply what is wanting in; to complete;
as, a dollar is wanted <i>to make up</i> the stipulated sum</cd>.
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To compose, as from ingredients or parts; to
shape, prepare, or fabricate; as, <i>to make up</i> a mass into
pills; <i>to make up</i> a story.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He was all <i>made up</i> of love and
charms!</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To compensate; to make good; as, <i>to
make up</i> a loss.</cd> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To adjust, or to
arrange for settlement; as, <i>to make up</i> accounts</cd>.
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <cd>To dress and paint for a part, as an actor;
as, he was well <i>made up</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To make up a
face</b></col>, <cd>to distort the face as an expression of pain or
derision.</cd> -- <col><b>To make up one's mind</b></col>, <cd>to
reach a mental determination; to resolve.</cd> -- <col><b>To make
water</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To leak.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To urinate.</cd> -- <col><b>To make
way</b></col>, <i>or</i>  <col><b>To make one's way</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To make progress; to advance.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To open a passage; to clear the way</cd>. --
<col><b>To make words</b></col>, <cd>to multiply words.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Make</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To act in a certain manner; to have to do; to manage; to
interfere; to be active; -- often in the phrase <i>to meddle or
make</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A scurvy, jack-a-nape priest to meddle or
<i>make</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To proceed; to tend; to move; to go; as,
he <i>made toward home</i>; <i>the tiger made</i> at the
sportsmen.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly, authors used <i>to make on</i>, <i>to make
forth</i>, <i>to make about</i>; but these phrases are obsolete. We
now say, <i>to make at</i>, <i>to make away</i>, <i>to make for</i>,
<i>to make off</i>, <i>to make toward</i>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To tend; to contribute; to have effect; --
with <i>for</i> or <i>against</i>; as, it <i>makes</i> for his
advantage.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Follow after the things which <i>make</i> for
peace.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xiv. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Considerations infinite<BR>
Do <i>make</i> against it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To increase; to augment; to
accrue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To compose verses; to write poetry; to
versify.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Chaucer. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To solace him some time, as I do when I
<i>make</i>.</blockquote> <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make as if</b></col>, or <col><b>To make as
though</b></col>, <cd>to pretend that; to make show that; to make
believe (see under <u>Make</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>).</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Joshua and all Israel <i>made as if</i> they were
beaten before them, and fled.</blockquote> <i>Josh. viii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord of London <i>maketh as though</i> he were
greatly displeased with me.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To make at</b></col>, <cd>to go toward hastily, or in a
hostile manner; to attack.</cd> -- <col><b>To make away
with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To carry off.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To transfer or alienate; hence, to spend; to
dissipate</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To kill; to destroy.</cd> --
<col><b>To make off</b></col>, <cd>to go away suddenly.</cd> --
<col><b>To make out</b></col>, <cd>to succeed; to be able at last; to
make shift; as, he <i>made out</i> to reconcile the contending
parties.</cd> -- <col><b>To make up</b></col>, <cd>to become
reconciled or friendly.</cd> -- <col><b>To make up for</b></col>,
<cd>to compensate for; to supply an equivalent for.</cd> --
<col><b>To make up to</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To approach;
as, a suspicious boat <i>made up to</i> us.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To pay addresses to; to make love to.</cd> -- <col><b>To make up
with</b></col>, <cd>to become reconciled to.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To make with</b></col>, <cd>to concur or agree with.</cd>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Make</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Structure, texture,
constitution of parts; construction; shape; form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It our perfection of so frail a <i>make</i><BR>
As every plot can undermine and shake?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On the make</b></col>,<cd>bent upon making great profits;
greedy of gain.</cd> [Low, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Make"bate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Make</i>, v. +
<i>bate</i> a quarrel.] <def>One who excites contentions and
quarrels.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Make"-be*lief`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feigning
to believe; make believe.</def>  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Make"-be*lieve`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feigning
to believe, as in the play of children; a mere pretense; a fiction;
an invention.</def> "Childlike <i>make-believe</i>."
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To forswear self-delusion and <i>make-
believe</i>.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Make"-be*lieve`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Feigned;
insincere.</def> "<i>Make-believe</i> reverence."  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mak"ed</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Make</u>.
<def>Made.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Make"-game`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An object of
ridicule; a butt.</def>  <i>Godwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Make"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Make</u>, and
cf. <u>Matchless</u>, <u>Mateless</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Matchless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without a mate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Make"-peace`</hw> (-p&emacr;s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
peacemaker.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mak"er</hw> (m&amacr;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who makes, forms, or molds; a
manufacturer; specifically, the Creator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The universal <i>Maker</i> we may praise.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The person who makes a
promissory note.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who writes verses; a poet.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; "The Greeks named the poet <grk>poihth`s</grk>, which name,
as the most excellent, hath gone through other languages. It cometh
of this word <grk>poiei^n</grk>, <i>make</i>; wherein, I know not
whether by luck or wisdom, we Englishmen have met well the Greeks in
calling him a <i>maker</i>."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><! p. 886 !></p>

<p><hw>Make"shift`</hw> (m&amacr;k"sh&ibreve;ft`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That with which one makes shift; a
temporary expedient.</def>  <i>James Mill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am not a model clergyman, only a decent
<i>makeshift</i>.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Make"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The way in which
the parts of anything are put together; often, the way in which an
actor is dressed, painted, etc., in personating a
character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unthinking masses are necessarily teleological in
their mental <i>make-up</i>.</blockquote> <i>L. F. Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Make"weight`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
is thrown into a scale to make weight; something of little account
added to supply a deficiency or fill a gap.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"ki</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lemur. See <u>Lemur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mak"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who makes; workmanship; fabrication;
construction; as, this is cloth of your own <i>making</i>; the
<i>making</i> of peace or war was in his power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Composition, or structure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>a poem.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which establishes or places in a
desirable state or condition; the material of which something may be
made; as, early misfortune was the <i>making</i> of him.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>External appearance; from.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mak"ing-i`ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tool
somewhat like a chisel with a groove in it, used by calkers of ships
to finish the seams after the oakum has been driven in.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mak"ing-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of bringing spirits to a certain degree of strength,
called <i>proof</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of becoming reconciled or
friendly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal-</hw> (m&abreve;l-). <def>A prefix in composition denoting
ill, or evil, F. <est>male</est>, adv., fr. <est>malus</est>, bad,
ill. In some words it has the form <i>male-</i>, as in
<i>male</i>diction, <i>male</i>volent. See <u>Malice</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The form <i>male-</i> is chiefly used in cases where the
<i>e</i>, either alone or with other letters, is pronounced as a
separate syllable, as in <i>male</i>diction, <i>male</i>factor,
<i>male</i>ficent, etc.  Where this is not the case, as in
<i>mal</i>feasance or <i>male</i>-feasance, <i>mal</i>formation or
<i>male</i>-formation, etc., as also where the word to which it is
prefixed commences with a vowel, as in <i>mal</i>administration,
etc., the form <i>mal</i> is to be preferred, and is the one commonly
employed.</p>

<p><hw>||Ma"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. of
<singw><b>Malum</b></singw>. [L.] <def>Evils; wrongs; offenses
against right and law.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mala in se</b></col> [L.] <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>offenses which
are such from their own nature, at common law, irrespective of
statute.</cd> -- <col><b>Mala prohibita</b></col> [L.] <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>offenses prohibited by statute, as distinguished from <i>mala in
se</i>, which are offenses at common law.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mal"a*bar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A region in the
western part of the Peninsula of India, between the mountains and the
sea.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malabar nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the seed of an
East Indian acanthaceous shrub, the <i>Adhatoda Vasica</i>, sometimes
used medicinally.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*ca*tune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Melocoton</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lac"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A town and
district upon the seacoast of the Malay Peninsula.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malacca cane</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a cane obtained
from a species of palm of the genus <i>Calamus</i> (<i>C.
Scipionum</i>), and of a brown color, often mottled. The plant is a
native of Cochin China, Sumatra, and Malays.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mal"a*chite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fr. Gr. &?; a
mallow, from its resembling the green color of the leaf of mallows:
cf. F. <i>malachite</i>.  Cf. <u>Mallow</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Native hydrous carbonate of copper, usually occurring in green
mammillary masses with concentric fibrous structure.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Green malachite</i>, or malachite proper, admits of a
high polish, and is sometimes used for ornamental work. <i>Blue
malachite</i>, or azurite, is a related species of a deep blue
color.</p>

<p><col><b>Malachite green</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Emerald green</i>,
under <u>Green</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*cis"sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Malacissation</u>.] <def>Softening; relaxing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*cis*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>malacissare</i> to make soft, Gr. &?;.] <def>The act of making
soft or supple.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mal`a*cob*del"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; soft + &?; a leech.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
nemertean worms, parasitic in the gill cavity of clams and other
bivalves. They have a large posterior sucker, like that of a leech.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bdellomorpha</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"a*co*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; soft  +
&?; skin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a tribe of beetles
(<i>Malacodermata</i>), with a soft and flexible body, as the
fireflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"a*co*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; soft +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of pyroxene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*col"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in the science of malacology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; soft +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>malacologie</i>.] <def>The science which
relates to the structure and habits of mollusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mal`a*cop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; soft + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class of
air-breathing Arthropoda; -- called also <i>Protracheata</i>, and
<i>Onychophora</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They somewhat resemble myriapods, and have from seventeen
to thirty-three pairs of short, imperfectly jointed legs, two pairs
of simple jaws, and a pair of antenn&aelig;. The tranche&aelig; are
connected with numerous spiracles scattered over the surface of the
body. <i>Peripatus</i> is the only known genus. See
<u>Peripatus</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*cop`ter*yg"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>malacopt&eacute;rygien</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Malacopterygii.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mal`a*cop`te*ryg"i*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; soft + &?; wing, fin, fr. &?; feather.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fishes in which the fin rays,
except the anterior ray of the pectoral and dorsal fins, are closely
jointed, and not spiny. It includes the carp, pike, salmon, shad,
etc. Called also <i>Malacopteri</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*cop`ter*yg"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Malacopterygii.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*cos"te*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., Gr. fr.
&?; soft + &?; bone.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A peculiar disease of the
bones, in consequence of which they become softened and capable of
being bent without breaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*cos"to*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; soft
+ &?; mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having soft jaws without
teeth, as certain fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mal`a*cos"tra*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?; soft + &?; shell of a testacean.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A subclass of Crustacea, including Arthrostraca and
Thoracostraca, or all those higher than the Entomostraca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*cos"tra*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Malacostraca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*cos`tra*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Malacostrac</i>an + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of
zo&ouml;logical science which relates to the crustaceans; -- called
also <i>carcinology</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*cos"tra*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Malacostraca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*co*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Melocoton</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mal`a*co*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; soft + <grk>zo^,on</grk> an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An extensive group of Invertebrata, including the Mollusca,
Brachiopoda, and Bryozoa. Called also <i>Malacozoaria</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*co*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Malacozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`ad*dress"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mal-</i> +
<i>address</i>.] <def>Bad address; an awkward, tactless, or offensive
way of accosting one or talking with one.</def>  <i>W. D.
Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal`ad*just"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mal-</i> +
<i>adjustment</i>.] <def>A bad adjustment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`ad*min`is*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mal-
</i> + <i>administration</i>.] <def>Bad administration; bad
management of any business, especially of public affairs.</def>
[Written also <i>maleadministration</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*droit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Malice</u>, and <u>Adroit</u>.] <def>Of a quality opposed to
adroitness; clumsy; awkward; unskillful.</def> --
<wf>Mal"a*droit`ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mal`a*droit"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mal"a*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Maladies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>maladie</i>, fr. <i>malade</i>
ill, sick, OF. also, <i>malabde</i>, fr. L. <i>male habitus</i>, i.
e., ill-kept, not in good condition. See <u>Malice</u>, and
<u>Habit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any disease of the human body;
a distemper, disorder, or indisposition, proceeding from impaired,
defective, or morbid organic functions; especially, a lingering or
deep-seated disorder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>maladies</i> of the body may prove medicines to
the mind.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A moral or mental defect or
disorder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love's a <i>malady</i> without a cure.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disorder; distemper; sickness; ailment; disease;
illness. See <u>Disease</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mal"a*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A city and a
province of Spain, on the Mediterranean.  Hence, <i>Malaga</i>
grapes, <i>Malaga</i> raisins, <i>Malaga</i> wines.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mal`a*gash"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Malagasy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`a*gas"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>A
native or natives of Madagascar; also (<i>sing</i>.), the
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`laise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>mal</i>
ill + <i>aise</i> ease.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An indefinite feeling of
uneasiness, or of being sick or ill at ease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lam"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of malamic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*lam"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.] <def>A
yellowish aromatic bark, used in medicine and perfumery, said to be
from the South American shrub <i>Croton Malambo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`am*eth"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Malamic</i>
+ <i>ethane</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline substance
forming the ethyl salt of malamic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mal</i>ic +
<i>amic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or designating an acid
intermediate between malic acid and malamide, and known only by its
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lam"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Malic</i> +
<i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The acid amide derived from malic
acid, as a white crystalline substance metameric with
asparagine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"an*ders</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>malandres</i>, fr. L. <i>malandria</i> blisters or pustules on the
neck, especially in horses.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A scurfy eruption in
the bend of the knee of the fore leg of a horse. See
<u>Sallenders</u>.</def> [Written also <i>mallenders</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mal"a*pert</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>malapert</i>
unskillful, ill-taught, ill-bred; <i>mal</i> ill + <i>apert</i> open,
adroit, intelligent, L. <i>apertus</i>, p. p. of <i>aperire</i> to
open. See <u>Malice</u>, and <u>Aperient</u>.] <def>Bold; forward;
impudent; saucy; pert.</def> <i>Shak.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A malapert person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Are you growing <i>malapert</i>! <i>Will you force me
to make use of my authority</i> ?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Mal"a*pert`ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mal"a*pert`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mal"a*prop*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Mrs.
<i>Malaprop</i>, a character in Sheridan's drama, " The Rivals," who
makes amusing blunders in her use of words. See <u>Malapropos</u>.]
<def>A grotesque misuse of a word; a word so used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*ap"ro*pos`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mal &agrave; propos</i>; <i>mal</i> evil + <i>&agrave; propos</i>
to the purpose.] <def>Unseasonable or unseasonably; unsuitable or
unsuitably.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mal*ap`te*ru"rus</hw>
(m&abreve;l*&abreve;p`t&esl;*r&udd;"r&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., from Gr. <grk>malako`s</grk> soft + <grk>ptero`n</grk> wing +
<grk>o'yra`</grk> tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of African
siluroid fishes, including the electric catfishes. See <i>Electric
cat</i>, under <u>Electric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mala</i> the
cheek: cf. F. <i>malaire</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the region of the cheek bone, or to the malar bone;
jugal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
cheek bone, which forms a part of the lower edge of the
orbit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., contr. fr.
<i>malaaria</i> bad air. See <u>Malice</u>, and Air.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Air infected with some noxious substance
capable of engendering disease; esp., an unhealthy exhalation from
certain soils, as marshy or wet lands, producing fevers;
miasma.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The morbific agent in malaria is supposed by some to be a
vegetable microbe or its spores, and by others to be a very minute
animal blood parasite (an <i>infusorian</i>).</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition produced
by exhalations from decaying vegetable matter in contact with
moisture, giving rise to fever and ague and many other symptoms
characterized by their tendency to recur at definite and usually
uniform intervals.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*la"ri*al</hw> (?), <hw>Ma*la"ri*an</hw> (?),
<hw>Ma*la"ri*ous</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining, to or infected by, malaria.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malarial fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a fever
produced by malaria, and characterized by the occurrence of chills,
fever, and sweating in distinct paroxysms, At intervals of definite
and often uniform duration, in which these symptoms are wholly absent
(<i>intermittent fever</i>), or only partially so (<i>remittent
fever</i>); fever and ague; chills and fever.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma`la*sha"ga*nay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Indian name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fresh-water drumfish (<i>Haploidonotus
grunniens</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`as*sim`i*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mal-
</i> + <i>assimilation</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Imperfect digestion of the several leading constituents of the
food.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An imperfect elaboration by the
tissues of the materials brought to them by the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>malum</i> apple:
cf. F. <i>malate</i>. See <u>Malic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt
of malic acid.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma"lax</hw> (?), <hw>Ma*lax"ate</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [L. <i>malaxare</i>, <i>malaxatum</i>, cf. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; soft: cf. F. <i>malaxer</i>.] <def>To soften by kneading or
stirring with some thinner substance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mal`ax*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>malaxatio</i>: cf. F. <i>malaxation</i>.] <def>The act of
softening by mixing with a thinner substance; the formation of
ingredients into a mass for pills or plasters.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mal"ax*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, malaxates; esp., a machine for grinding, kneading, or
stirring into a pasty or doughy mass.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ma*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a race of a
brown or copper complexion in the Malay Peninsula and the western
islands of the Indian Archipelago.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*lay"</hw> (?), <hw>Ma*lay"an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Malays or their
country.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Malay
language.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malay apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a myrtaceous tree
(<i>Eugenia Malaccensis</i>) common in India; also, its applelike
fruit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma"la*ya"lam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The name
given to one the cultivated Dravidian languages, closely related to
the Tamil.</def>  <i>Yule.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mal"brouck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A West African arboreal monkey
(<i>Cercopithecus cynosurus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*con`for*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mal-
</i> + <i>conformation</i>.] <def>Imperfect, disproportionate, or
abnormal formation; ill form; disproportion of parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"con*tent`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>mal</i> ill + <i>content</i>. See <u>Malice</u>, <u>Content</u>.]
<def>discontented; uneasy; dissatisfied; especially, dissatisfied
with the government.</def> [Written also <i>malecontent</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The famous <i>malcontent</i> earl of
Leicester.</blockquote> <i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal"con*tent`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>malcontent</i>.] <def>One who discontented; especially, a
discontented subject of a government; one who expresses his
discontent by words or overt acts.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i>
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal`con*tent"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Malcontent.</def> -- <wf>Mal`con*tent"ed*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Mal`con*tent"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mal*da"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of marine annelids of the genus
<i>Maldane</i>, or family <i>Maldanid&aelig;</i>. They have a
slender, round body, and make tubes in the sand or mud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Male-</hw> (m&abreve;l- <i>or</i>  m&abreve;l&esl;-). <def>See
<u>Mal-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Male</hw> (m&amacr;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>malus</i>.
See <u>Malice</u>.] <def>Evil; wicked; bad.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Male</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Mail</u>, a
bag.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Male</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>m&acirc;le</i>, OF.
<i>masle</i>, <i>mascle</i>, fr. L. <i>masculus</i> male, masculine,
dim. of <i>mas</i> a male; possibly akin to E. <i>man</i>.  Cf.
<u>Masculine</u>, <u>Marry</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the sex that begets or
procreates young, or (in a wider sense) to the sex that produces
spermatozoa, by which the ova are fertilized; not female; as,
<i>male</i> organs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Capable of producing
fertilization, but not of bearing fruit; -- said of stamens and
antheridia, and of the plants, or parts of plants, which bear
them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Suitable to the male sex; characteristic
or suggestive of a male; masculine; as, <i>male</i>
courage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of males; as, a <i>male</i>
choir.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Adapted for entering
another corresponding piece (the <i>female</i> piece) which is hollow
and which it fits; as, a <i>male</i> gauge, for gauging the size or
shape of a hole; a <i>male</i> screw, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Male berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of coffee.
See <u>Pea berry</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Male fern</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a fern of the genus <i>Aspidium</i> (<i>A.
Filixmas</i>), used in medicine as an anthelmintic, esp. against the
tapeworm. <i>Aspidium marginale</i> in America, and <i>A.
athamanticum</i> in South Africa, are used as good substitutes for
the male fern in medical practice. See <i>Female fern</i>, under
<u>Female</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Male rhyme</b></col>, <cd>a rhyme in
which only the last syllables agree, as <i>laid</i>, <i>afraid</i>,
<i>dismayed</i>. See <i>Female rhyme</i>, under <u>Female</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Male screw</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a screw having
threads upon its exterior which enter the grooves upon the inside of
a corresponding nut or female screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Male
thread</b></col>, <cd>the thread of a male screw.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Male</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
animal of the male sex.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant bearing only
staminate flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Male`ad*min`is*tra"tion</hw>
(m&abreve;l`&abreve;d*m&ibreve;n`&ibreve;s*tr&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Maladministration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*le"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A salt of maleic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Male*branch"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
philosophical system of Malebranche, an eminent French metaphysician.
The fundamental doctrine of his system is that the mind can not have
knowledge of anything external to itself except in its relation to
God.</def></p>

<p><! p. 887 !></p>

<p><hw>Male*con`for*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Malconformation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Male"con*tent`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Malcontent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`e*di"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maledicentia</i>. See <u>Maledicent</u>.] <def>Evil
speaking.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal`e*di"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maledicens</i>, p. pr. of <i>maledicere</i> to speak ill;
<i>male</i> ill + <i>dicere</i> to say, speak. See <u>Malice</u>, and
<u>Diction</u>.] <def>Speaking reproachfully; slanderous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir E. Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal"e*dict</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maledictus</i>, p. p. of <i>maledicere</i>.] <def>Accursed;
abominable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mal`e*dic"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maledictio</i>: cf. F. <i>mal&eacute;diction</i>. See
<u>Maledicent</u>.] <def>A proclaiming of evil against some one; a
cursing; imprecation; a curse or execration; -- opposed to
<i>benediction</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>malediction</i> falls from his
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cursing; curse; execration; imprecation;
denunciation; anathema.  -- <u>Malediction</u>, <u>Curse</u>,
<u>Imprecation</u>, <u>Execration</u>. <i>Malediction</i> is the most
general term, denoting bitter reproach, or wishes and predictions of
evil. <i>Curse</i> implies the desire or threat of evil, declared
upon oath or in the most solemn manner. <i>Imprecation</i> is
literally the praying down of evil upon a person. <i>Execration</i>
is literally a putting under the ban of excommunication, a curse
which excludes from the kingdom of God. In ordinary usage, the last
three words describe profane swearing, <i>execration</i> being the
strongest.</p>

<p><hw>Mal`e*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Malefactor</u>.] <def>A crime; an offense; an evil deed.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal`e*fac"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>malefacere</i> to do evil; <i>male</i> ill, evil + <i>facere</i>
to do. See <u>Malice</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An evil doer; one who commits a crime; one subject to public
prosecution and punishment; a criminal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who does wrong by injuring another,
although not a criminal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>H. Brooke. Fuller.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Evil doer; criminal; culprit; felon; convict.</p>

<p><hw>Mal`e*fac"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
malefactor.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Male*fea"sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Malfeasance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lef"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>maleficus</i>:
cf. F. <i>mal&eacute;fique</i>. See <u>Malefaction</u>.] <def>Doing
mischief; causing harm or evil; nefarious; hurtful.</def> [R.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal"e*fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maleficium</i>: cf. F. <i>mal&eacute;fice</i>. See
<u>Malefactor</u>.] <def>An evil deed; artifice; enchantment.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ma*lef"i*cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maleficentia</i>.  Cf. <u>Malfeasance</u>.] <def>Evil doing, esp.
to others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lef"i*cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Malefic</u>.] <def>Doing evil to others; harmful;
mischievous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`e*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Injurious.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal`e*fi"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>maleficiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>maleficiare</i> to bewitch, fr. L.
<i>maleficium</i>. See <u>Malefice</u>.] <def>To bewitch; to
harm.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal`e*fi`ci*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
bewitching.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mal`e*fi"cience</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Maleficence</u>.] <def>The doing of evil, harm, or
mischief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`e*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Maleficent</u>.] <def>Doing evil, harm, or mischief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Male`for*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Malformation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*le"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mal&eacute;ique</i>. See <u>Malic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of the ethylene series,
metameric with fumaric acid and obtained by heating malic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*len"gine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>malengin</i>; L. <i>malus</i> bad, evil + <i>ingenium</i> natural
capacity. See <u>Engine</u>.] <def>Evil machination; guile;
deceit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"le*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From its native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird of Celebes (<i>megacephalon
maleo</i>), allied to the brush turkey. It makes mounds in which to
lay its eggs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Male-o"dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Malodor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Male*prac"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Malpractice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Male"-spir`it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the spirit of a male; vigorous; courageous.</def> [R.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mallette</i>,
dim. of <i>malle</i>. See <u>Mail</u> a bag.] <def>A little bag or
budget.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Male*treat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Maltreat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lev"o*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>malevolentia</i>. See <u>Malevolent</u>.] <def>The quality or
state of being malevolent; evil disposition toward another;
inclination to injure others; ill will. See Synonym of
<u>Malice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lev"o*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>malevolens</i>, <i>-entis</i>; <i>male</i> ill + <i>volens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>velle</i> to be willing or disposed, to wish. See
<u>Malice</u>, and <u>Voluntary</u>.] <def>Wishing evil; disposed to
injure others; rejoicing in another's misfortune.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ill-disposed; envious; mischievous; evil-minded;
spiteful; malicious; malignant; rancorous.</p>

<p><hw>Ma*lev"o*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
malevolent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lev"o*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>malevolus</i>; fr. <i>male</i> ill + <i>velle</i> to be disposed.]
<def>Malevolent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal*ex`e*cu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mal-</i> +
<i>execution</i>.] <def>Bad execution.</def>  <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*le"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Maleic</i> + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical derived from
maleic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*fea"sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>malfaisance</i>, fr. <i>malfaisant</i> injurious, doing ill;
<i>mal</i> ill, evil + <i>faisant</i> doing, p. pr. of <i>faire</i>
to do. See <u>Malice</u>, <u>Feasible</u>, and cf.
<u>Maleficence</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The doing of an act which a
person ought not to do; evil conduct; an illegal deed.</def> [Written
also <i>malefeasance</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mal`for*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mal-</i> +
<i>formation</i>.] <def>Ill formation; irregular or anomalous
formation; abnormal or wrong conformation or structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*gra"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>malgracieux</i>.] <def>Not graceful; displeasing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal"gre</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mauger</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>malum</i> an
apple: cf. F. <i>malique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
obtained from, apples; as, <i>malic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malic acid</b></col>, <cd>a hydroxy acid obtained as a
substance which is sirupy or crystallized with difficulty, and has a
strong but pleasant sour taste. It occurs in many fruits, as in green
apples, currants, etc. It is levorotatory or dextrorotatory according
to the temperature and concentration. An artificial variety is a
derivative of succinic acid, but has no action on polarized light,
and thus malic acid is a remarkable case of physical isomerism.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Mal"ice</hw> (m&abreve;l"&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>malice</i>, fr. L. <i>malitia</i>, from <i>malus</i> bad, ill,
evil, prob. orig., dirty, black; cf. Gr. <grk>me`las</grk> black,
Skr. <i>mala</i> dirt.  Cf. <u>Mauger</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Enmity of heart; malevolence; ill will; a spirit delighting in
harm or misfortune to another; a disposition to injure another; a
malignant design of evil.</def> "Nor set down aught in
<i>malice</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Envy, hatred, and <i>malice</i> are three distinct
passions of the mind.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Holt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Any wicked or mischievous
intention of the mind; a depraved inclination to mischief; an
intention to vex, annoy, or injure another person, or to do a
wrongful act without just cause or cause or excuse; a wanton
disregard of the rights or safety of others; willfulness.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malice aforethought</b></col> or
<col><b>prepense</b></col>, <cd>malice previously and deliberately
entertained.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Spite; ill will; malevolence; grudge; pique;
bitterness; animosity; malignity; maliciousness; rancor; virulence.
See <u>Spite</u>. -- <u>Malevolence</u>, <u>Malignity</u>,
<u>Malignancy</u>. <i>Malice</i> is a stronger word than
<i>malevolence</i>, which may imply only a desire that evil may
befall another, while <i>malice</i> desires, and perhaps intends, to
bring it about. <i>Malignity</i> is intense and deepseated
<i>malice</i>. It implies a natural delight in hating and wronging
others. One who is <i>malignant</i> must be both <i>malevolent</i>
and <i>malicious</i>; but a man may be <i>malicious</i> without being
<i>malignant</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Proud tyrants who <i>maliciously</i> destroy<BR>
And ride o'er ruins with <i>malignant</i> joy.</blockquote>
<i>Somerville.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>in some connections, <i>malignity</i> seems rather
more pertinently applied to a radical depravity of nature, and
<i>malignancy</i> to indications of this depravity, in temper and
conduct in particular instances.</blockquote> <i>Cogan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal"ice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To regard with
extreme ill will.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mal"i*cho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>malhecho</i>;
<i>mal</i> bad + <i>hecho</i> deed, L. <i>factum</i>. See
<u>Fact</u>.] <def>Mischief.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*li"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Of.
<i>malicius</i>, F. <i>malicieux</i>, fr. L. <i>malitiosus</i>. See
<u>Malice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Indulging or exercising
malice; harboring ill will or enmity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I grant him bloody, . . . <BR>
Sudden, <i>malicious</i>, smacking of every sin<BR>
That has a name.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from hatred or ill will;
dictated by malice; as, a <i>malicious</i> report; <i>malicious</i>
mischief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>With wicked or mischievous
intentions or motives; wrongful and done intentionally without just
cause or excuse; as, a <i>malicious</i> act.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malicious abandonment</b></col>, <cd>the desertion of a
wife or husband without just cause.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> --
<col><b>Malicious mischief</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>malicious
injury to the property of another; -- an offense at common law.</cd>
<i>Wharton.</i> -- <col><b>Malicious prosecution</b></col> or
<col><b>arrest</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a wanton prosecution or
arrest, by regular process in a civil or criminal proceeding, without
probable cause.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ill-disposed; evil-minded; mischievous; envious;
malevolent; invidious; spiteful; bitter; malignant; rancorous;
malign.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ma*li"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ma*li"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>malignus</i>,
for <i>maligenus</i>, i. e., of a bad kind or nature; <i>malus</i>
bad + the root of <i>genus</i> birth, race, kind: cf. F.
<i>malin</i>, masc., <i>maligne</i>, fem. See <u>Malice</u>,
<u>Gender</u>, and cf. <u>Benign</u>, <u>Malignant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having an evil disposition toward others;
harboring violent enmity; malevolent; malicious; spiteful; -- opposed
to <i>benign</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Witchcraft may be by operation of <i>malign</i>
spirits.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unfavorable; unpropitious; pernicious;
tending to injure; as, a <i>malign</i> aspect of planets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Malignant; as, a <i>malign</i>
ulcer.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lign"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Maligned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Maligning</u>.] [Cf. L. <i>malignare</i>. See <u>Malign</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To treat with malice; to show hatred
toward; to abuse; to wrong; to injure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The people practice what mischiefs and villainies they
will against private men, whom they <i>malign</i> by stealing their
goods, or murdering them.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To speak great evil of; to traduce; to
defame; to slander; to vilify; to asperse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be envied and shot at; to be <i>maligned</i>
standing, and to be despised falling.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lign"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To entertain
malice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*lig"nance</hw> (?), <hw>Ma*lig"nan*cy</hw> , }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Malignant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being malignant; extreme malevolence;
bitter enmity; malice; as, <i>malignancy</i> of heart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unfavorableness; evil nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>malignancy</i> of my fate might perhaps
distemner yours.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Virulence; tendency to a
fatal issue; as, the <i>malignancy</i> of an ulcer or of a
fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being a malignant.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Malice; malevolence; malignity. See
<u>Malice</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ma*lig"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>malignans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>malignare</i>,
<i>malignari</i>, to do or make maliciously. See <u>Malign</u>, and
cf. <u>Benignant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to do harm,
inflict suffering, or cause distress; actuated by extreme malevolence
or enmity; virulently inimical; bent on evil; malicious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>malignant</i> and a turbaned Turk.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized or caused by evil
intentions; pernicious.</def> "<i>Malignant</i> care."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>malignant</i> power upon my life.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Something deleterious and <i>malignant</i> as his
touch.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Tending to produce death;
threatening a fatal issue; virulent; as, <i>malignant</i>
diphtheria.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malignant pustule</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a very
contagious disease, transmitted to man from animals, characterized by
the formation, at the point of reception of the virus, of a vesicle
or pustule which first enlarges and then breaks down into an
unhealthy ulcer. It is marked by profound exhaustion and usually
fatal. Called also <i>charbon</i>, and sometimes, improperly,
<i>anthrax</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lig"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A man of extreme enmity or evil intentions.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>One of the adherents
of Charles I. or Charles II.; -- so called by the opposite
party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lig"nant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
malignant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lign"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
maligns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lig"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Malignified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Malignifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>malignus</i> malign +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To make malign or malignant.</def> [R.] "A strong
faith <i>malignified</i>."  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lig"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>malignit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>malignitas</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being malignant; disposition to do evil;
virulent enmity; malignancy; malice; spite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Virulence; deadly quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His physicians discerned an invincible
<i>malignity</i> in his disease.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Extreme evilness of nature or influence;
perniciousness; heinousness; as, the <i>malignity</i> of fraud.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Malice</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ma*lign"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a malign
manner; with malignity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lin"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>MAlingered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Malingering</u>.] <def>To act the part of a
malingerer; to feign illness or inability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lin"ger*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>malingre</i> sickly, weakly, prob. from <i>mal</i> ill + OF.
<i>heingre</i>, <i>haingre</i>, thin, lean, infirm, fr. L.
<i>aeger</i>.] <def>In the army, a soldier who feigns himself sick,
or who induces or protracts an illness, in order to avoid doing his
duty; hence, in general, one who shirks his duty by pretending
illness or inability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lin"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The spirit or
practices of a malingerer; malingering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"i*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>maleicon</i>,
L. <i>maledictio</i>. See <u>Malediction</u>, and cf.
<u>Benison</u>.] <def>Malediction; curse; execration.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>God's <i>malison</i> on his head who this
gainsays.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>Maud</i>,
the proper name.  Cf. <u>Grimalkin</u>.] [Written also
<i>maukin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a kitchenmaid; a
slattern.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mop made of clouts, used by the kitchen
servant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A scarecrow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A mop or sponge attached to
a jointed staff for swabbing out a cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mall</hw> (m&add;l; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>maul</i>.] [OE. <i>malle</i>, F. <i>mail</i>, L. <i>malleus</i>.
Cf. <u>Malleus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large heavy wooden
beetle; a mallet for driving anything with force; a maul.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A heavy blow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An old game played with <i>malls</i> or
mallets and balls. See <u>Pall-mall</u>.</def>  <i>Cotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A place where the game of <i>mall</i> was
played. Hence: A public walk; a level shaded walk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Part of the area was laid out in gravel walks, and
planted with elms; and these convenient and frequented walks obtained
the name of the City <i>Mall</i>.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mall</hw> (m&add;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Malled</u> (m&add;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Malling</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>mailler</i>. See
<u>Mall</u> beetle, and cf. <u>Malleate</u>.] <def>To beat with a
mall; to beat with something heavy; to bruise; to maul.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mall</hw> (m&abreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>mallum</i> a public assembly; cf. OHG. <i>mahal</i> assembly,
transaction; akin to AS. <i>m&aelig;&eth;el</i>, <i>me&eth;el</i>,
assembly, <i>m&aemacr;lan</i> to speak, Goth. <i>ma&thorn;l</i>
market place.] <def>Formerly, among Teutonic nations, a meeting of
the notables of a state for the transaction of public business, such
meeting being a modification of the ancient popular assembly.</def>
Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A court of justice.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A place where justice is administered.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A place where public meetings are
held.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Councils, which had been as frequent as diets or
<i>malls</i>, ceased.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal"lard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>malari</i>,fr.
<i>m&acirc;le</i> male + <i>-art =-ard</i>. See <u>Male</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>-ard</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A drake; the male of <i>Anas
boschas</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large wild duck
(<i>Anas boschas</i>) inhabiting both America and Europe. The
domestic duck has descended from this species. Called also
<i>greenhead</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"le*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>mall&eacute;abilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of
being malleable; -- opposed to <i>friability</i> and
<i>brittleness</i>.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal"le*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mall&eacute;able</i>, fr. LL. <i>malleare</i> to hammer. See
<u>Malleate</u>.] <def>Capable of being extended or shaped by beating
with a hammer, or by the pressure of rollers; -- applied to
metals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malleable iron</b></col>, <cd>iron that is capable of
extension or of being shaped under the hammer; decarbonized cast
iron. See under <u>Iron</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Malleable iron
castings</b></col>, <cd>articles cast from pig iron and made
malleable by heating then for several days in the presence of some
substance, as hematite, which deprives the cast iron of some of its
carbon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mal"le*a*ble*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
make malleable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"le*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being malleable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"le*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the malleus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"le*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Malleated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Malleating</u> (?).] [L. <i>malleatus</i> hammered,
fr. <i>malleus</i> a hammer. See <u>Mall</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>To hammer; to beat into a plate or leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`le*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>malleatio</i>: cf. OF. <i>mall&eacute;ation</i>.] <def>The act or
process of beating into a plate, sheet, or leaf, as a metal;
extension by beating.</def></p>

<p><! p. 888 !></p>

<p><hw>Mal"le*cho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Malicho</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*lee" bird`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> [From native
name.] <def>The leipoa. See <u>Leipoa</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mal"le*mock</hw> (?), <hw>Mal"le*moke</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Mollemoke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"len*ders</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Malanders</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*le"o*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Malleolus</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
malleolus; in the region of the malleoli of the ankle
joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mal*le"*o*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Malleoli</b></plw> (#). [L., dim. of <i>malleus</i> hammer.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A projection at the distal end
of each bone of the leg at the ankle joint. The malleolus of the
tibia is the internal projection, that of the fibula the
external.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>" A layer, " a shoot partly buried in the
ground, and there cut halfway through.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>maillet</i>,
dim. of <i>mail</i>. See <u>Mall</u> a beetle.] <def>A small maul
with a short handle, -- used esp. for driving a tool, as a chisel or
the like; also, a light beetle with a long handle, -- used in playing
croquet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mal"le*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mallei</b></plw> (#). [L., hammer. See <u>Mall</u> a beetle.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The outermost of the three
small auditory bones, ossicles; the hammer. It is attached to the
tympanic membrane by a long process, the handle or manubrium. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Far</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the hard
lateral pieces of the mastax of Rotifera. See
<u>Mastax</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of bivalve
shells; the hammer shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mal*loph"a*ga</hw> (m&abreve;l*l&obreve;f"&adot;*g&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>mallo`s</grk> a lock of
wool + <grk>fagei^n</grk> to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
extensive group of insects which are parasitic on birds and mammals,
and feed on the feathers and hair; -- called also <i>bird lice</i>.
See <i>Bird louse</i>, under <u>Bird</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mal*lo"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr Gr. &?;
fleecy.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small Arctic fishes. One
American species, the capelin (<i>Mallotus villosus</i>), is
extensively used as bait for cod.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mal"low</hw> (?), <hw>Mal"lows</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>malwe</i>, AS. <i>mealwe</i>, fr. L.
<i>malva</i>, akin to Gr. <grk>mala`chh</grk>; cf.
<grk>mala`ssein</grk> to soften, <grk>malako`s</grk> soft. Named
either from its softening or relaxing properties, or from its soft
downy leaves.  Cf. <u>Mauve</u>, <u>Malachite</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of plants (<i>Malva</i>) having mucilaginous qualities.
See <u>Malvaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The flowers of the common mallow (<i>M. sylvestris</i>) are
used in medicine. The dwarf mallow (<i>M. rotundifolia</i>) is a
common weed, and its flattened, dick-shaped fruits are called
<i>cheeses</i> by children. Tree mallow (<i>M. Mauritiana</i> and
<i>Lavatera arborea</i>), musk mallow (<i>M. moschata</i>), rose
mallow or hollyhock, and curled mallow (<i>M. crispa</i>), are less
commonly seen.</p>

<p><col><b>Indian mallow</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Abutilon</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Jew's mallow</b></col>, <cd>a plant (<i>Corchorus
olitorius</i>) used as a pot herb by the Jews of Egypt and
Syria.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh mallow</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Marsh</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mal"low*wort`</hw> (m&abreve;l"l&osl;*w&ucirc;rt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the order
<i>Malvace&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Malm</hw> (?), <hw>Malm"brick`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>mealm</i> sand.] <def>A kind of
brick of a light brown or yellowish color, made of sand, clay, and
chalk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A spotted trout (<i>Salvelinus malma</i>), inhabiting Northern
America, west of the Rocky Mountains; -- called also <i>Dolly Varden
trout</i>, <i>bull trout</i>, <i>red-spotted trout</i>, and
<i>golet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mal"mag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from native name
in Madagascar.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The tarsius, or spectral
lemur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Malm"sey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>malvesie</i>,
F. <i>malvoisie</i>, It. <i>malvasia</i>, <i>malavagia</i>, fr.
<i>Malvasia</i>, or Napoli di <i>Malvasia</i>, in the Morea.] <def>A
kind of sweet wine from Crete, the Canary Islands, etc.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal`nu*tri"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mal-</i> +
<i>nutrition</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Faulty or imperfect
nutrition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*ob`ser*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mal-</i>
+ <i>observation</i>.] <def>Erroneous observation.</def>  <i>J. S
Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal*o"dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An offensive
odor.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Mal*o"dor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Offensive to
the sense of smell; ill-smelling.</def> --
<wf>Mal*o"dor*ous*ness</wf>. <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>Carlyle.</i><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Mal"o*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of malonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*lon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid produced artifically as a
white crystalline substance,
CH<sub>2</sub>.(CO<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>2</sub>, and so called because
obtained by the oxidation of <i>malic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"o*nyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Malonic</i> +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon radical,
CH<sub>2</sub>.(CO)<sub>2</sub>, from malonic acid.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||Mal*pi"ghi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Malpighian</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of tropical American
shrubs with opposite leaves and small white or reddish flowers. The
drupes of <i>Malpighia urens</i> are eaten under the name of
<i>Barbadoes cherries</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*pi`ghi*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order
of tropical trees and shrubs (<i>Malpighiace&aelig;</i>), some of
them climbing plants, and their stems forming many of the curious
lianes of South American forests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*pi"ghi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, Marcello Malpighi, an
Italian anatomist of the 17th century.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malpighian</b></col> <col><b>capsules or
corpuscles</b></col>, <cd>the globular dilatations, containing the
glomeruli or Malpighian tufts, at the extremities of the urinary
tubules of the kidney.</cd> -- <col><b>Malpighian corpuscles of the
spleen</b></col>, <cd>masses of adenoid tissue connected with
branches of the splenic artery.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mal`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mal-</i> +
<i>position</i>.] <def>A wrong position.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*prac"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mal-</i> +
<i>practice</i>.] <def>Evil practice; illegal or immoral conduct;
practice contrary to established rules; specifically, the treatment
of a case by a surgeon or physician in a manner which is contrary to
accepted rules and productive of unfavorable results.</def> [Written
also <i>malepractice</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Malt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mealt</i>; akin to
D. <i>mout</i>, G. <i>malz</i>, Icel., Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>malt</i>, and
E. <i>melt</i>. &radic;108. See <u>Melt</u>.] <def>Barley or other
grain, steeped in water and dried in a kiln, thus forcing germination
until the saccharine principle has been evolved. It is used in
brewing and in the distillation of whisky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Malt</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to, containing,
or made with, malt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malt liquor</b></col>, <cd>an alcoholic liquor, as beer,
ale, porter, etc., prepared by fermenting an infusion of malt.</cd> -
- <col><b>Malt dust</b></col>, <cd>fine particles of malt, or of the
grain used in making malt; -- used as a fertilizer.</cd> " <i>Malt
dust</i> consists chiefly of the infant radicle separated from the
grain." <i>Sir H. Davy.</i> -- <col><b>Malt floor</b></col>, <cd>a
floor for drying malt.</cd> -- <col><b>Malt house</b></col>, or
<col><b>Malthouse</b></col>, <cd>a house in which malt is made.</cd>
-- <col><b>Malt kiln</b></col>, <cd>a heated chamber for drying
malt.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Malt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Malted</u>: <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Malting</u>.] <def>To make into malt; as, to <i>malt</i>
barley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Malt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become malt; also,
to make grain into malt.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal"ta*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Malice</u>, and <u>Talent</u>.] <def>Ill will; malice.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal*tese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to <i>Malta</i> or to its inhabitants.</def> -- <pos><i>n. sing. &
pl.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of Malta; the people of
Malta.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Maltese cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a mouse-
colored variety of the domestic cat.</cd> -- <col><b>Maltese
cross</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i> 5, of <u>Cross</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Maltese dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a breed of
small terriers, having long silky white hair. The breed originated in
Malta.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Mal"tha</hw> (m&abreve;l"th&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L., fr. Gr. <grk>ma`lqa</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A variety of
bitumen, viscid and tenacious, like pitch, unctuous to the touch, and
exhaling a bituminous odor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mortar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mal*thu"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the political economist, the Rev. T. R. <i>Malthus</i>,
or conforming to his views; as, <i>Malthusian</i> theories.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Malthus held that population tends to increase faster than
its means of subsistence can be made to do, and hence that the lower
classes must necessarily suffer more or less from lack of food,
unless an increase of population be checked by prudential restraint
or otherwise.</p>

<p><hw>Mal*thu"sian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower of
Malthus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*thu"sian*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
system of Malthusian doctrines relating to population.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Malt"in</hw> (?), <hw>Malt"ine</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>The fermentative
principle of malt; malt diastase; also, a name given to various
medicinal preparations made from or containing malt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Malt"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of
making, or of becoming malt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Malt"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Maltmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man whose occupation is to
make malt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, maltose; specif.,
designating an acid called also <i>gluconic</i> or <i>dextronic</i>
acid. See <u>Gluconic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Malt"ose`</hw> (m&add;lt"&omacr;s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <u>Malt</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline sugar
formed from starch by the action of diastase of malt, and the
amylolytic ferment of saliva and pancreatic juice. It resembles
dextrose, but rotates the plane of polarized light further to the
right and possesses a lower cupric oxide reducing power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*treat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Maltreated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Maltreating</u>.] [<i>Mal-</i> + <i>treat</i>: cf. F.
<i>maltraiter</i>.] <def>To treat ill; to abuse; to treat
roughly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*treat"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; [Cf. F.
<i>maltraitement</i>.] <def>Ill treatment; ill usage;
abuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Malt"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maltman.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Malt"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
tippler.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Malt"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing, or
like, malt.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mala</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>An evil. See
<u>Mala</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal*va"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>malvaceus</i>, from <i>malva</i> mallows. See <u>Mallow</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of
plants (<i>Malvace&aelig;</i>), of which the mallow is the type. The
cotton plant, hollyhock, and abutilon are of this order, and the
baobab and the silk-cotton trees are now referred to it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal`ver*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>malverser</i> to be corrupt in office, fr. L. <i>male</i> ill +
<i>versari</i> to move about, to occupy one's self, <i>vertere</i> to
turn. See <u>Malice</u>, and <u>Verse</u>.] <def>Evil conduct;
fraudulent practices; misbehavior, corruption, or extortion in
office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mal"ve*sie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Malmsey wine.
See <u>Malmsey</u>.</def> " A jub of <i>malvesye</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mam</hw> (m&abreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>mamma</i>.] <def>Mamma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ma"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mamma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam"a*luke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mameluke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mam"e*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A rounded
hillock; a rounded elevation or protuberance.</def>  <i>Westmin.
Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mam`e*lu"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.] <def>A
child born of a white father and Indian mother.</def> [S. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>Mam"e*luke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mamelouk</i>,
cf. Sp. <i>mameluco</i>, It. <i>mammalucco</i>; all fr. Ar.
<i>maml&?;k</i> a purchased slave or captive; lit., possessed or in
one's power, p. p. of <i>malaka</i> to possesses.] <def>One of a body
of mounted soldiers recruited from slaves converted to Mohammedanism,
who, during several centuries, had more or less control of the
government of Egypt, until exterminated or dispersed by Mehemet Ali
in 1811.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam"il*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mammillated</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam*ma"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Reduplicated from the
infantine word <i>ma</i>, influenced in spelling by L. <i>mamma</i>.]
<def>Mother; -- word of tenderness and familiarity.</def> [Written
also <i>mama</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tell tales papa and <i>mamma</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mam"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mamm&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>mamma</i> breast.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A glandular organ for secreting milk,
characteristic of all mammals, but usually rudimentary in the male; a
mammary gland; a breast; udder; bag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mammals</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>mammalis</i> belonging to the
breast, fr. <i>mamma</i> the breast or pap: cf. F. <i>mammal</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the <i>Mammalia</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Age of mammals</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Age</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Mam*ma"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>mammalis</i>. See <u>Mammal</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
highest class of Vertebrata.  The young are nourished for a time by
milk, or an analogous fluid, secreted by the mammary glands of the
mother.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Mammalia are divided into three subclasses; --</p>

<p>I. <i>Placentalia</i>. This subclass embraces all the higher
orders, including man. In these the fetus is attached to the uterus
by a placenta.</p>

<p>II. <i>Marsupialia</i>. In these no placenta is formed, and the
young, which are born at an early state of development, are carried
for a time attached to the teats, and usually protected by a
marsupial pouch. The opossum, kangaroo, wombat, and koala are
examples.</p>

<p>III. <i>Monotremata</i>. In this group, which includes the genera
<i>Echidna</i> and <i>Ornithorhynchus</i>, the female lays large eggs
resembling those of a bird or lizard, and the young, which are
hatched like those of birds, are nourished by a watery secretion from
the imperfectly developed mamm&aelig;.
</p>

<p><hw>Mam*ma"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Mammalia or mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam`ma*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Mammal</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Containing
mammalian remains; -- said of certain strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam`ma*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to mammalogy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam*mal"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mammalogiste</i>.] <def>One versed in mammalogy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam*mal"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mamma</i>
breast + <i>-logy</i>: cf. f. <i>mammalogie</i>.] <def>The science
which relates to mammals or the Mammalia. See
<u>Mammalia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam"ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mammaire</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
mamm&aelig; or breasts; as, the <i>mammary</i> arteries and
veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam*mee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Haytian
<i>mamey</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fruit tree of tropical America,
belonging to the genus <i>Mammea</i> (<i>M. Americana</i>); also, its
fruit. The latter is large, covered with a thick, tough ring, and
contains a bright yellow pulp of a pleasant taste and fragrant scent.
It is often called <i>mammee apple</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>memme</i>
coward, poltroon.] <def>To hesitate; to mutter doubtfully.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mam"met</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mawmet</u>.]
<def>An idol; a puppet; a doll.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Selden.</i>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mam"met*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mawmetry</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mam"mi*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Mammiferous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mammal. See
<u>Mammalia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam*mif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mamma</i>
breast + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>mammif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Having
breasts; of, pertaining to, or derived from, the Mammalia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mamma</i>
breast + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>mammiforme</i>.] <def>Having the
form of a mamma (breast) or mamm&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mam*mil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mammil&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., dim. of <i>mamma</i> a
breast.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The nipple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mil*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mammilaire</i>. See <u>Mammilla</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to the mammilla, or nipple, or to the breast;
resembling a mammilla; mammilloid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Composed of convex convex
concretions, somewhat resembling the breasts in form; studded with
small mammiform protuberances.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mam"mil*late</hw> (?), <hw>Mam"mil*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Mammilla</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having small nipples, or small protuberances like nipples or
mamm&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bounded like a nipple;
-- said of the apex of some shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam*mil"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Mammilla</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a
mammilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mil*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mammilla</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <def>Like a mammilla or nipple; mammilliform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. &amp; Gael.
<i>mam</i> a round hill + <i>-ock</i>.] <def>A shapeless piece; a
fragment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mam"mock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tear to
pieces.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mo*dis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mamoudis</i>,
fr. Hind. <i>mahm&umacr;d&imacr;</i> a muslin.] <def>Coarse plain
India muslins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mamma</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>Mastology. See <u>Mammalogy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mammona</i>, Gr.
&?; riches, Syr. <i>mam&?;n&amacr;</i>; cf. Heb. <i>matm&?;n</i> a
hiding place, subterranean storehouse, treasury, fr.
<i>t&amacr;man</i> to hide.] <def>Riches; wealth; the god of riches;
riches, personified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye can not serve God and <i>Mammon</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. vi. 24.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mon*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Actuated or
prompted by a devotion to money getting or the service of
Mammon.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mon*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Devotion to
the pursuit of wealth; worldliness.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mon*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mammonite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mon*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One devoted to
the acquisition of wealth or the service of Mammon.</def>  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mam`mon*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
process of making mammonish; the state of being under the influence
of mammonism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mon*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
mammonish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam*mose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mammosus</i>
having large breasts, <i>mamma</i> breast.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
the form of the breast; breast-shaped.</def></p>

<p><! p. 889 !></p>

<p><hw>Mam"moth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>m&acirc;mont</i>, <i>m&aacute;mant</i>, fr. Tartar <i>mamma</i>
the earth. Certain Tartar races, the Tungooses and Yakoots, believed
that the mammoth worked its way in the earth like a mole.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extinct, hairy, maned elephant
(<i>Elephas primigenius</i>), of enormous size, remains of which are
found in the northern parts of both continents. The last of the race,
in Europe, were coeval with prehistoric man.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Several specimens have been found in Siberia preserved
entire, with the flesh and hair remaining. They were imbedded in the
ice cliffs at a remote period, and became exposed by the melting of
the ice.</p>

<p><hw>Mam"moth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling the
mammoth in size; very large; gigantic; as, a <i>mammoth</i>
ox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mam"mo*thrept</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
grandmother + &?; to nourish.] <def>A child brought up by its
grandmother; a spoiled child.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O, you are a more <i>mammothrept</i> in
judgment.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mam"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mammies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A child's name for
<i>mamma</i>, mother.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mam"zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>m&aacute;mz&?;r</i>.] <def>A person born of relations between whom
marriage was forbidden by the Mosaic law; a bastard.</def> <i>Deut.
xxiii. 2 (Douay version).</i></p>

<p><hw>Man</hw> (m&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Men</b></plw> (m&ebreve;n). [AS. <i>mann</i>, <i>man</i>,
<i>monn</i>, <i>mon</i>; akin to OS., D., &amp; OHG. <i>man</i>, G.
<i>mann</i>, Icel. <i>ma&eth;r</i>, for <i>mannr</i>, Dan.
<i>Mand</i>, Sw. <i>man</i>, Goth. <i>manna</i>, Skr. <i>manu</i>,
<i>manus</i>, and perh. to Skr. <i>man</i> to think, and E.
<i>mind</i>. &radic;104.  Cf. <u>Minx</u> a pert girl.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A human being; -- opposed to
<i>beast</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>men</i> went about wide, and <i>man</i> found
they none,<BR>
But fair country, and wild beast many [a] one.</blockquote> <i>R. of
Glouc.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king is but a <i>man</i>, as I am; the violet
smells to him as it doth to me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially: An adult male person; a grown-
up male person, as distinguished from a woman or a child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When I became a <i>man</i>, I put away childish
things.</blockquote> <i>I Cor. xiii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ceneus, a woman once, and once a
<i>man</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The human race; mankind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And God said, Let us make <i>man</i> in our image,
after our likeness, and let them have dominion.</blockquote> <i>Gen.
i. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The proper study of mankind is
<i>man</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The male portion of the human
race.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Woman has, in general, much stronger propensity than
<i>man</i> to the discharge of parental duties.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One possessing in a high degree the
distinctive qualities of manhood; one having manly excellence of any
kind.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This was the noblest Roman of them all . . . the
elements<BR>
So mixed in him that Nature might stand up<BR>
And say to all the world "This was a <i>man</i>!"</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An adult male servant; also, a vassal; a
subject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like master, like <i>man</i>.</blockquote> <i>Old
Proverb.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The vassal, or tenant, kneeling, ungirt, uncovered,
and holding up his hands between those of his lord, professed that he
did become his <i>man</i> from that day forth, of life, limb, and
earthly honor.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A term of familiar address often implying
on the part of the speaker some degree of authority, impatience, or
haste; as, Come, <i>man</i>, we 've no time to lose!</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A married man; a husband; -- correlative
to <i>wife</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I pronounce that they are <i>man</i> and
wife.</blockquote> <i>Book of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>every wife ought to answer for her
<i>man</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>One, or any one, indefinitely; -- a
modified survival of the Saxon use of <i>man</i>, or <i>mon</i>, as
an indefinite pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>man</i> can not make him laugh.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>man</i> would expect to find some antiquities;
but all they have to show of this nature is an old rostrum of a Roman
ship.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>One of the piece with which certain
games, as chess or draughts, are played.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Man</i> is often used as a prefix in composition, or as
a separate adjective, its sense being usually self-explaining; as,
<i>man</i> child, <i>man</i> eater or <i>man</i>eater, <i>man-
</i>eating, <i>man</i> hater or <i>man</i>hater, <i>man-</i>hating,
<i>man</i>hunter, <i>man-</i>hunting, <i>man</i>killer, <i>man-
</i>killing, <i>man</i> midwife, <i>man</i> pleaser, <i>man</i>
servant, <i>man-</i>shaped, <i>man</i>slayer, <i>man</i>stealer,
<i>man-stealing</i>, <i>man</i>thief, <i>man</i> worship, etc.</p>

<p><i>Man</i> is also used as a suffix to denote a person of the male
sex having a business which pertains to the thing spoken of in the
qualifying part of the compound; ash<i>man</i>, butter<i>man</i>,
laundry<i>man</i>, lumber<i>man</i>, milk<i>man</i>, fire<i>man</i>,
show<i>man</i>, water<i>man</i>, wood<i>man</i>. Where the
combination is not familiar, or where some specific meaning of the
compound is to be avoided, <i>man</i> is used as a separate
substantive in the foregoing sense; as, apple <i>man</i>, cloth
<i>man</i>, coal <i>man</i>, hardware <i>man</i>, wood <i>man</i> (as
distinguished from wood<i>man</i>).</p>

<p><col><b>Man ape</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a anthropoid
ape, as the gorilla.</cd> -- <col><b>Man at arms</b></col>, <cd>a
designation of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries for a soldier
fully armed.</cd> -- <col><b>Man engine</b></col>, <cd>a mechanical
lift for raising or lowering people through considerable distances;
specifically <i>(Mining)</i>, a contrivance by which miners ascend or
descend in a shaft. It consists of a series of landings in the shaft
and an equal number of shelves on a vertical rod which has an up and
down motion equal to the distance between the successive landings. A
man steps from a landing to a shelf and is lifted or lowered to the
next landing, upon which he them steps, and so on, traveling by
successive stages.</cd> -- <col><b>Man Friday</b></col>, <cd>a person
wholly subservient to the will of another, like Robinson Crusoe's
servant Friday.</cd> -- <col><b>Man of straw</b></col>, <cd>a puppet;
one who is controlled by others; also, one who is not responsible
pecuniarily.</cd> -- <col><b>Man-of-the earth</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a twining plant (<i>Ipom&oelig;a pandurata</i>)
with leaves and flowers much like those of the morning-glory, but
having an immense tuberous farinaceous root.</cd> -- <col><b>Man of
war</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A warrior; a soldier</cd>.
<i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>To be one's own man</b></col>, <cd>to
have command of one's self; not to be subject to another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Manned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Manning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To supply with men; to
furnish with a sufficient force or complement of men, as for
management, service, defense, or the like; to guard; as, to
<i>man</i> a ship, boat, or fort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See how the surly Warwick <i>mans</i> the wall
!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>man</i> their boats, and all their young men
arm.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with strength for action; to
prepare for efficiency; to fortify.</def> "Theodosius having
<i>manned</i> his soul with proper reflections."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To tame, as a hawk.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a servant or
servants.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To wait on as a manservant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In "Othello," V. ii. 270, the meaning is uncertain, being,
perhaps: To point, to aim, or to manage.</p>

<p><col><b>To man a yard</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to send men
upon a yard, as for furling or reefing a sail.</cd> -- <col><b>To man
the yards</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to station men on the yards
as a salute or mark of respect.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Marriageable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"ace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Menace</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"a*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>manicle</i>,
OF. <i>manicle</i>, F. <i>manicle</i> sort glove, manacle, L.
<i>manicula</i> a little hand, dim. of <i>manus</i> hand; cf. L.
<i>manica</i> sleeve, manacle, fr. <i>manus</i>. See <u>Manual</u>.]
<def>A handcuff; a shackle for the hand or wrist; -- usually in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Doctrine unto fools is as fetters on the feet, and
like <i>manacles</i> on the right hand.</blockquote> <i>Ecclus. xxi.
19.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"a*cle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Manacled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Manacling</u> (?).] <def>To put handcuffs or other fastening upon,
for confining the hands; to shackle; to confine; to restrain from the
use of the limbs or natural powers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it thus you use this monarch, to <i>manacle</i> and
shackle him hand and foot ?</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>man&egrave;ge</i>, It.  <i>maneggio</i>, fr. <i>maneggiare</i> to
manage, fr. L. <i>manus</i>hand. Perhaps somewhat influenced by F.
<i>m&eacute;nage</i> housekeeping, OF. <i>mesnage</i>, akin to E.
<i>mansion</i>. See <u>Manual</u>, and cf. <u>Manege</u>.] <def>The
handling or government of anything, but esp. of a horse; management;
administration. See <u>Manege</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Young men, in the conduct and <i>manage</i> of
actions, embrace more than they can hold.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Down, down I come; like glistering Pha&euml;thon<BR>
Wanting the <i>manage</i> of unruly jades.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The unlucky <i>manage</i> of this fatal
brawl.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word, in its limited sense of management of a horse,
has been displaced by <i>manege</i>; in its more general meaning, by
<i>management</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Man"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Managed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Managing</u> (?).] [From <u>Manage</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have under control and direction; to
conduct; to guide; to administer; to treat; to handle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Long tubes are cumbersome, and scarce to be easily
<i>managed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What wars I<i>manage</i>, and what wreaths I
gain.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Esp., to guide by careful or
delicate treatment; to wield with address; to make subservient by
artful conduct; to bring around cunningly to one's plans.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was so much his interest to <i>manage</i> his
Protestant subjects.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was not her humor to <i>manage</i> those over whom
she had gained an ascendant.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To train in the manege, as a horse; to
exercise in graceful or artful action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To treat with care; to husband.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bring about; to contrive.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To direct; govern; control; wield; order; contrive;
concert; conduct; transact.</p>

<p><hw>Man"age</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To direct affairs;
to carry on business or affairs; to administer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leave them to <i>manage</i> for thee.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man`age*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being manageable; manageableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"age*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as can
be managed or used; suffering control; governable; tractable;
subservient; as, a <i>manageable</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Governable; tractable; controllable; docile.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Man"age*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Man"age*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Man"age*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unmanageable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"age*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Manage</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or art of managing; the manner of treating, directing, carrying on,
or using, for a purpose; conduct; administration; guidance; control;
as, the <i>management</i> of a family or of a farm; the
<i>management</i> of state affairs.</def> "The <i>management</i> of
the voice."  <i>E. Porter.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Business dealing; negotiation;
arrangement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had great <i>managements</i> with
ecclesiastics.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Judicious use of means to accomplish an
end; conduct directed by art or address; skillful treatment; cunning
practice; -- often in a bad sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mark with what <i>management</i> their tribes
divide<BR>
Some stick to you, and some to t'other side.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of those who manage or
direct any enterprise or interest; the board of managers.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Conduct; administration; government; direction;
guidance; care; charge; contrivance; intrigue.</p>

<p><hw>Man"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who manages; a conductor or director; as, the <i>manager</i>
of a theater.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A skillful <i>manager</i> of the rabble.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who conducts business or
household affairs with economy and frugality; a good
economist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A prince of great aspiring thoughts; in the main, a
<i>manager</i> of his treasure.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A contriver; an intriguer.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man`a*ge"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to management or a manager; as, <i>managerial</i>
qualities.</def> "<i>Managerial</i> responsibility."  <i>C.
Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"a*ger*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or position of a manager.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"age*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>menagerie</i>, <i>mesnagerie</i>. See <u>Manage</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Menagerie</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Management; manner of using; conduct; direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Husbandry; economy; frugality.</def>
<i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"a*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.  &amp; G.
<i>manakin</i>; prob. the native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of numerous small birds belonging to <i>Pipra</i>,
<i>Manacus</i>, and other genera of the family <i>Piprid&aelig;</i>.
They are mostly natives of Central and South America.  Some are
bright-colored, and others have the wings and tail curiously
ornamented.  The name is sometimes applied to related birds of other
families.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"a*kin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dwarf. See
<u>Manikin</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man`a*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>manat&iacute;</i>, from the native name in Hayti.  Cf.
<u>Lamantin</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
<i>Trichechus</i>, a genus of sirenians; -- called also <i>sea
cow</i>.</def> [Written also <i>manaty</i>, <i>manati</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; One species (<i>Trichechus Senegalensis</i>) inhabits the
west coast of Africa; another (<i>T. Americanus</i>) inhabits the
east coast of South America, and the West-Indies. The Florida manatee
(<i>T. latirostris</i>) is by some considered a distinct species, by
others it is thought to be a variety of <i>T. Americanus</i>. It
sometimes becomes fifteen feet or more in length, and lives both in
fresh and salt water. It is hunted for its oil and flesh.</p>

<p><hw>Ma*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>manatio</i>,
fr. <i>manare</i> to flow.] <def>The act of issuing or flowing
out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"bote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>man</i> man,
vassal +  <i>b&omacr;t</i> recompense.] <i>(Anglo-Saxon Law)</i>
<def>A sum paid to a lord as a pecuniary compensation for killing his
man (that is, his vassal, servant, or tenant).</def>
<i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <def>See
<u>Mancus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Manche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>maunch</i>.]
[F. <i>manche</i>, fr. L. <i>manica</i>. See <u>Manacle</u>.] <def>A
sleeve.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"chet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fine white bread;
a loaf of fine bread.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Bacon. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man`chi*neel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>manzanillo</i>, fr.  <i>manzana</i> an apple, fr. L.  <i>malum
Matianum</i> a kind of apple. So called from its apple-like fruit.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A euphorbiaceous tree (<i>Hippomane
Mancinella</i>) of tropical America, having a poisonous and
blistering milky juice, and poisonous acrid fruit somewhat resembling
an apple.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bastard manchineel</b></col>, <cd>a tree (<i>Cameraria
latifolia</i>) of the East Indies, having similar poisonous
properties.</cd> <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man*chu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>Manchoo</i>, <i>Mantchoo</i>, etc.] <def>Of or pertaining to
Manchuria or its inhabitants.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Manchuria; also, the language spoken by the
Manchus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"ci*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mancipatus</i>, p. p. of <i>mancipare</i> to sell.  Cf.
<u>Emancipate</u>.] <def>To enslave; to bind; to restrict.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man`ci*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mancipatio</i> a transfer.] <def>Slavery; involuntary
servitude.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"ci*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From OF.
<i>mancipe</i> slave, servant (with <i>l</i> inserted, as in
<i>participle</i>), fr. L.  <i>mancipium</i>. See <u>Mancipate</u>.]
<def>A steward; a purveyor, particularly of a college or Inn of
Court.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man*co"na bark`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Sassy
bark</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.] <def>An old Anglo
Saxon coin both of gold and silver, and of variously estimated
values. The silver <i>mancus</i> was equal to about one shilling of
modern English money.</def></p>

<p><hw>-man`cy</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; divination: cf. F. <i>-mancie</i>.]
<def>A combining form denoting <i>divination</i>; as,
aleuro<i>mancy</i>, chiro<i>mancy</i>, necro<i>mancy</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A demand.</def>
[Obs.] See <u>Demand</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Man*da"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., we command,
fr. <i>mandare</i> to command.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ issued by a
superior court and directed to some inferior tribunal, or to some
corporation or person exercising authority, commanding the
performance of some specified duty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`da*rin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.
<i>mandarim</i>, from Malay <i>mantr&imacr;</i> minister of state,
prop. a Hind. word, fr. Skr. <i>mantrin</i> a counselor,
<i>manira</i> a counsel, <i>man</i> to think.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A Chinese public officer or nobleman; a civil or military
official in China and Annam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small orange, with easily
separable rind. It is thought to be of Chinese origin, and is counted
a distinct species (<i>Citrus nobilis</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mandarin duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
beautiful Asiatic duck (<i>Dendronessa galericulata</i>), often
domesticated, and regarded by the Chinese as an emblem of conjugal
affection.</cd> -- <col><b>Mandarin language</b></col>, <cd>the
spoken or colloquial language of educated people in China.</cd> --
<col><b>Mandarin yellow</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an artificial
aniline dyestuff used for coloring silk and wool, and regarded as a
complex derivative of quinoline.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man`da*rin"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
collective body of officials or persons of rank in China.</def>
<i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><! p. 890 !></p>

<p><hw>Man`da*rin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Appropriate
or peculiar to a mandarin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`da*rin"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Dyeing)</i>
<def>The process of giving an orange color to goods formed of animal
tissue, as silk or wool, not by coloring matter, but by producing a
certain change in the fiber by the action of dilute nitric
acid.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man`da*rin"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
government mandarins; character or spirit of the mandarins.</def>
<i>F. Lieder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"da*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. mandatarius,
fr. <i>mandatum</i> a charge, commission, order: cf. F.
<i>mandataire</i>. See <u>Mandate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
to whom a command or charge is given; hence, specifically, a person
to whom the pope has, by his prerogative, given a mandate or order
for his benefice.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who undertakes to
discharge a specific business commission; a mandatory.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mandatum</i>,
fr. <i>mandare</i> to commit to one's charge, order, orig., to put
into one's hand; <i>manus</i> hand + <i>dare</i> to give: cf. F.
<i>mandat</i>. See <u>Manual</u>, <u>Date</u> a time, and cf.
<u>Commend</u>, <u>Maundy Thursday</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
official or authoritative command; an order or injunction; a
commission; a judicial precept.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This dream all-powerful Juno; I bear<BR>
Her mighty <i>mandates</i>, and her words you hear.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Canon Law)</i> <def>A rescript of the pope,
commanding an ordinary collator to put the person therein named in
possession of the first vacant benefice in his collation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A contract by which one
employs another to manage any business for him. By the Roman law, it
must have been gratuitous.</def>  <i>Erskine.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Man*da"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A director; one who gives a mandate or
order.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Law)</i> <def>The person who employs
another to perform a mandate.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"da*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mandatorius</i>.] <def>Containing a command; preceptive;
directory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"da*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mandatary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"del*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of mandelic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man*del"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [G. <i>mandel</i>
almond.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to an acid first obtained
from benzoic aldehyde (oil of better almonds), as a white crystalline
substance; -- called also <i>phenyl glycolic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Maunder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"der*il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mandrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"di*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mandibula</i>, <i>mandibulum</i>, fr. <i>mandere</i> to chew.  Cf.
<u>Manger</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The bone, or
principal bone, of the lower jaw; the inferior maxilla; -- also
applied to either the upper or the lower jaw in the beak of
birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The anterior pair of
mouth organs of insects, crustaceaus, and related animals, whether
adapted for biting or not. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Diptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man*dib"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mandibulaire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a mandible; like a
mandible.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The principal mandibular
bone; the mandible.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mandibular arch</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the most
anterior visceral arch, -- that in which the mandible is
developed.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Man*dib"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Man*dib"u*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Provided with mandibles
adapted for biting, as many insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man*dib"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect having mandibles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`di*bu"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the form of a mandible; -- said
especially of the maxill&aelig; of an insect when hard and adapted
for biting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man*dib`u*lo*hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining both to the mandibular and the hyoid
arch, or situated between them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"dil</hw> (m&abreve;n"d&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>mandil</i>; cf. Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>mandil</i> a coarse apron, a
haircloth; all from Ar. <i>mandil</i> tablecloth, handkerchief,
mantle, fr. LGr. <grk>mandh`lion</grk>, fr. L. <i>mantile</i>,
<i>mantele</i>. See <u>Mantle</u>.] <def>A loose outer garment worn
the 16th and 17th centuries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man*dil"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mandil</u>.</def> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man*din"gos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>sing.</i>
<singw><b>Mandingo</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>An extensive
and powerful tribe of West African negroes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Man"di*oc</hw> (?), <hw>||Man`di*o"ca</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Manioc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"dle*stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>mandelstein</i> almond stone.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Amygdaloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mand"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Commandment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Man"do*lin</hw>, <hw>Man"do*line</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mandoline</i>, It. <i>mandolino</i>, dim.
of <i>mandola</i>, fr. L. <i>pandura</i>. See <u>Bandore</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small and beautifully shaped instrument
resembling the lute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"dore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mandolin</u>,
and <u>Bandore</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kind of four-stringed
lute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man*drag"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
<i>mandragoras</i> the mandrake.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
plants; the mandrake. See <u>Mandrake</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man*drag"o*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
habitually intoxicates himself with a narcotic obtained from
mandrake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"drake</hw> (m&abreve;n"dr&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>mandragora</i>, L. <i>mandragoras</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>mandrago`ras</grk>: cf. F. <i>mandragore</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A low plant (<i>Mandragora
officinarum</i>) of the Nightshade family, having a fleshy root,
often forked, and supposed to resemble a man.  It was therefore
supposed to have animal life, and to cry out when pulled up.  All
parts of the plant are strongly narcotic.  It is found in the
Mediterranean region.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And shrieks like <i>mandrakes</i>, torn out of the
earth,<BR>
That living mortals, hearing them, run mad.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The mandrake of Scripture was perhaps the same plant, but
proof is wanting.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The May apple
(<i>Podophyllum peltatum</i>). See <i>May apple</i> under <u>May</u>,
and <u>Podophyllum</u>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"drel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mandrin</i>,
prob. through (assumed) LL. <i>mamphurinum</i>, fr. L. <i>mamphur</i>
a bow drill.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bar of metal
inserted in the work to shape it, or to hold it, as in a lathe,
during the process of manufacture; an arbor.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The live spindle of a turning lathe; the
revolving arbor of a circular saw. It is usually driven by a
pulley.</def> [Written also <i>manderil</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Mandrel lathe</b></col>, <cd>a lathe with a stout spindle,
adapted esp. for chucking, as for forming hollow articles by turning
or spinning.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man"drill</hw> (-dr&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mandrille</i>, Sp. <i>mandril</i>, It. <i>mandrillo</i>; prob. the
native name in Africa.  Cf. <u>Drill</u> an ape.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large West African baboon (<i>Cynocephalus, or Papio,
mormon</i>). The adult male has, on the sides of the nose, large,
naked, grooved swellings, conspicuously striped with blue and
red.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"du*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>manducable</i>. See <u>Manducate</u>.] <def>Such as can be chewed;
fit to be eaten.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Any <i>manducable</i> creature.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"du*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Manducated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Manducating</u> (?).] [L. <i>manducatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>manducare</i> to chew. See <u>Manger</u>.] <def>To masticate; to
chew; to eat.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man`du*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>manducatio</i>: cf. F. <i>manducation</i>.] <def>The act of
chewing.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"du*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or employed in, chewing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Man*du"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>manducare</i> to chew.] <i>(Gr. &amp; Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A
grotesque mask, representing a person chewing or grimacing, worn in
processions and by comic actors on the stage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mane</hw> (m&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>manu</i>;
akin to OD. <i>mane</i>, D. <i>maan</i>, G. <i>m&auml;hne</i>, OHG.
<i>mana</i>, Icel. <i>m&ouml;n</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>man</i>, AS.
<i>mene</i> necklace, Icel. <i>men</i>, L. <i>monile</i>, Gr. &?;,
&?;, Skr. <i>many&amacr;</i> neck muscles. &radic;275.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The long and heavy hair growing on the upper
side of, or about, the neck of some quadrupedal animals, as the
horse, the lion, etc. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Horse</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The hair growing on a person's head,
especially hair that is long and thick; -- usually used
humorously.</def> [jocose] <BR>
[PJC]</p>

<p><hw>Man"-eat`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One who, or that which, has an appetite for human flesh;
specifically, one of certain large sharks (esp. <i>Carcharodon
Rondeleti</i>); also, a lion or a tiger which has acquired the habit
of feeding upon human flesh.</def></p>


<p><hw>Maned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
mane.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Maned seal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the sea
lion.</cd> -- <col><b>Maned sheep</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the aoudad.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nege"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>man&egrave;ge</i>. See <u>Manage</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Art of horsemanship, or of training
horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A school for teaching horsemanship, and
for training horses.</def>  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"neh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>m&amacr;neh</i>.] <def>A Hebrew weight for gold or silver, being
one hundred shekels of gold and sixty shekels of silver.</def>
<i>Ezek. xlv. 12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mane"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
mane.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Maneless lion</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a variety
of the lion having a short, inconspicuous mane. It inhabits Arabia
and adjacent countries.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man"e*quin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Manikin</u>.] <def>An artist's model of wood or other
material.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ne"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Manorial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>The benevolent spirits of the dead, especially of
dead ancestors, regarded as family deities and protectors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hail, O ye holy <i>manes</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mane"sheet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A covering
placed over the upper part of a horse's head.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*neu"ver</hw>, <hw>Ma*n&oelig;u"vre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>man&oelig;uvre</i>, OF. <i>manuevre</i>,
LL. <i>manopera</i>, lit., hand work, manual labor; L. <i>manus</i>
hand + <i>opera</i>, fr. <i>opus</i> work. See <u>Manual</u>,
<u>Operate</u>, and cf. <u>Mainor</u>, <u>Manure</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Management; dexterous movement; specif., a
military or naval evolution, movement, or change of
position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Management with address or artful design;
adroit proceeding; stratagem.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*neu"ver</hw>, <hw>Ma*n&oelig;u"vre</hw>, } <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Maneuvered</u> (#) or
<u>Man&oelig;uvred</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Maneuvering</u> (&?;), or <u>Man&oelig;uvring</u> (&?;).] [Cf. F.
<i>man&oelig;uvrer</i>. See <u>Maneuver</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perform a movement or movements in
military or naval tactics; to make changes in position with reference
to getting advantage in attack or defense.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To manage with address or art; to
scheme.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*neu"ver</hw>, <hw>Ma*n&oelig;u"vre</hw>, } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To change the positions of, as of troops of
ships.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*neu"ver*er</hw> (?), <hw>Ma*n&oelig;u"vrer</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who maneuvers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This charming widow Beaumont is a
<i>nan&oelig;uvrer</i>. We can't well make an English word of
it.</blockquote> <i>Miss Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showing manliness,
or manly spirit; hence, brave, courageous, resolute, noble.</def> "
<i>Manful</i> hardiness." <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <wf>Man"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Man"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Man"ga*bey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called by Buffon
from <i>Mangaby</i>, in Madagascar, where he erroneously supposed
them be native.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several African
monkeys of the genus <i>Cercocebus</i>, as the sooty mangabey (<i>C.
fuliginosus</i>), which is sooty black.</def> [Also written
<i>mangaby</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mangonel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"ga*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>manganate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of manganic
acid.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The manganates are usually green, and are well-known
compounds, though derived from a hypothetical acid.</p>

<p><hw>Man`ga*ne"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A manganate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man`ga*nese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mangan&egrave;se</i>, It. <i>manganese</i>, sasso <i>magnesio</i>;
prob. corrupted from L. <i>magnes</i>, because of its resemblance to
the magnet. See <u>Magnet</u>, and cf. <u>Magnesia</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An element obtained by reduction of its oxide, as
a hard, grayish white metal, fusible with difficulty, but easily
oxidized. Its ores occur abundantly in nature as the minerals
pyrolusite, manganite, etc. Symbol Mn. Atomic weight 54.8.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An alloy of manganese with iron (called
<i>ferromanganese</i>) is used to increase the density and hardness
of steel.</p>

<p><col><b>Black oxide of manganese</b></col>, <col><b>Manganese
dioxide or peroxide</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Black
manganese</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a heavy black powder
MnO<sub>2</sub>, occurring native as the mineral pyrolusite, and
valuable as a strong oxidizer; -- called also familiarly
<i>manganese</i>. It colors glass violet, and is used as a
decolorizer to remove the green tint of impure glass.</cd> --
<col><b>Manganese bronze</b></col>, <cd>an alloy made by adding from
one to two per cent of manganese to the copper and zinc used in
brass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man`ga*ne"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mangan&eacute;sien</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Manganic.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Man`ga*ne"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mangan&eacute;sique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Manganic.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man`ga*ne"sious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Manganous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`ga*ne"si*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Manganese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`ga*ne"sous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Manganous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`gan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>manganique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to resembling,
or containing, manganese; specif., designating compounds in which
manganese has a higher valence as contrasted with <i>manganous</i>
compounds.  Cf. <u>Manganous</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Manganic acid</b></col>, <cd>an acid,
H<sub>2</sub>MnO<sub>4</sub>, formed from manganese, analogous to
sulphuric acid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man`ga*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Manganese</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Containing
manganese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"ga*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>One of the oxides of manganese; -- called also
<i>gray manganese ore</i>. It occurs in brilliant steel-gray or iron-
black crystals, also massive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound of manganese
dioxide with a metallic oxide; so called as though derived from the
hypothetical <i>manganous</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man*ga"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Manganese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"ga*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, designating, those compounds of manganese in
which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with
<i>manganic</i> compounds; as, <i>manganous</i> oxide.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Manganous acid</b></col>, <cd>a hypothetical compound
analogous to sulphurous acid, and forming the so-called
<i>manganites</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mang"corn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mengen</i>
to mix. See <u>Mingle</u>, and <u>Corn</u>.] <def>A mixture of wheat
and rye, or other species of grain.</def> [Prov Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mange</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mangy</u>.]
<i>(Vet.)</i> <def>The scab or itch in cattle, dogs, and other
beasts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mange insect</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of small parasitic mites, which burrow in the skin of
cattle. horses, dogs, and other animals, causing the mange. The mange
insect of the horse (<i>Psoroptes, or Dermatodectes, equi</i>), and
that of cattle (<i>Symbiotes, or Dermatophagys, bovis</i>) are the
most important species. See <u>Acarina</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man"gel-wur`zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., corrupted
fr. <i>mangoldwurzel</i>; <i>mangold</i> beet  + <i>wurzel</i> root.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of large field beet (<i>B. macrorhiza</i>),
used as food for cattle, -- by some considered a mere variety of the
ordinary beet. See <u>Beet</u>.</def> [Written also <i>mangold-
wurzel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mangeoire</i>,
fr. <i>manger</i> to eat, fr. L. <i>manducare</i>, fr. <i>mandere</i>
to chew.  Cf. <u>Mandible</u>, <u>Manducate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A trough or open box in which fodder is placed for horses or
cattle to eat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The fore part of the deck,
having a bulkhead athwart ships high enough to prevent water which
enters the hawse holes from running over it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"gi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a mangy
manner; scabbily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"gi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Mangy</u>.]
<def>The condition or quality of being mangy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mangled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mangling</u> (?).] [A frequentative fr. OE. <i>manken</i> to main,
AS. <i>mancian</i>, in <i>bemancian</i> to mutilate, fr. L.
<i>mancus</i> maimed; perh. akin to G. <i>mangeln</i> to be wanting.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut or bruise with repeated blows or
strokes, making a ragged or torn wound, or covering with wounds; to
tear in cutting; to cut in a bungling manner; to lacerate; to
mutilate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mangled</i> with ghastly wounds through plate and
mail.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mutilate or injure, in making, doing,
or performing; as, to <i>mangle</i> a piece of music or a
recitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>mangle</i> a play or a novel.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>mangel</i>, fr. OE.
<i>mangonel</i> a machine for throwing stones, LL. <i>manganum</i>,
Gr. &?; a machine for defending fortifications, axis of a pulley.
Cf. <u>Mangonel</u>.] <def>A machine for smoothing linen or cotton
cloth, as sheets, tablecloths, napkins, and clothing, by roller
pressure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mangle rack</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a contrivance
for converting continuous circular motion into reciprocating
rectilinear motion, by means of a rack and pinion, as in the mangle.
The pinion is held to the rack by a groove in such a manner that it
passes alternately from one side of the rack to the other, and thus
gives motion to it in opposite directions, according to the side in
which its teeth are engaged.</cd> -- <col><b>Mangle wheel</b></col>,
<cd>a wheel in which the teeth, or pins, on its face, are interrupted
on one side, and the pinion, working in them, passes from inside to
outside of the teeth alternately, thus converting the continuous
circular motion of the pinion into a reciprocating circular motion of
the wheel.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 891 !></p>

<p><hw>Man"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>mangelen</i>. See <u>Mangle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
smooth with a mangle, as damp linen or cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Mangle</u>.] <def>One who mangles or tears in cutting; one who
mutilates any work in doing it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"gler</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Mangle</u>.]
<def>One who smooths with a mangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mangoes</b></plw> (#). [Pg. <i>manga</i>, fr. Tamil
<i>m&amacr;nk&amacr;y</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fruit of the
mango tree. It is rather larger than an apple, and of an ovoid shape.
Some varieties are fleshy and luscious, and others tough and tasting
of turpentine. The green fruit is pickled for market.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A green muskmelon stuffed and
pickled.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mango bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an oriole
(<i>Oriolus kundoo</i>), native of India.</cd> -- <col><b>Mango
fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fish of the Ganges
(<i>Polynemus risua</i>), highly esteemed for food. It has several
long, slender filaments below the pectoral fins. It appears about the
same time with the mango fruit, in April and May, whence the
name.</cd> -- <col><b>Mango tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an East
Indian tree of the genus <i>Mangifera</i> (<i>M. Indica</i>), related
to the cashew and the sumac. It grows to a large size, and produces
the mango of commerce. It is now cultivated in tropical
America.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man"gold*wur`zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Mangel-wurzel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"go*nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>mangonel</i>, LL. <i>manganellus</i>, <i>manganum</i>, fr. Gr. &?;
See <u>Mangle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A military engine
formerly used for throwing stones and javelins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"go*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
mangonizing, or setting off to advantage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"go*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who mangonizes.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slave dealer; also, a strumpet.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"go*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mangonizare</i>, fr. <i>mango</i> a dealer in slaves or wares, to
which he tries to give an appearance of greater value by decking them
out or furbishing them up.] <def>To furbish up for sale; to set off
to advantage.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Man"go*steen</hw> (?), <hw>Man"go*stan</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay <i>mangusta</i>, <i>mangis</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree of the East Indies of the genus
<i>Garcinia</i> (<i>G. Mangostana</i>). The tree grows to the height
of eighteen feet, and bears fruit also called <i>mangosteen</i>, of
the size of a small apple, the pulp of which is very delicious
food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"grove</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay <i>manggi-
manggi</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name of one or
two trees of the genus <i>Rhizophora</i> (<i>R. Mangle</i>, and <i>R.
mucronata</i>, the last doubtfully distinct) inhabiting muddy shores
of tropical regions, where they spread by emitting a&euml;rial roots,
which fasten in the saline mire and eventually become new stems. The
seeds also send down a strong root while yet attached to the parent
plant.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The fruit has a ruddy brown shell, and a delicate white
pulp which is sweet and eatable. The bark is astringent, and is used
for tanning leather. The black and the white mangrove (<i>Avicennia
nitida</i> and <i>A. tomentosa</i>) have much the same habit.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The mango
fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mangue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The kusimanse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Mangier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Mangiest</u>.] [F. <i>mang&eacute;</i>,
p. p. of <i>manger</i> to eat. See <u>Manger</u>.] <def>Infected with
the mange; scabby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man*ha"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Menhaden</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"head</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Manhood.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hole through
which a man may descend or creep into a drain, sewer, steam boiler,
parts of machinery, etc., for cleaning or repairing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"hood</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Man-</i> + <i>-
hood</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being man as a human
being, or man as distinguished from a child or a woman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manly quality; courage; bravery;
resolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am ashamed<BR>
That thou hast power to shake my <i>manhood</i> thus.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mania</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to rage; cf. OE. <i>manie</i>, F. <i>manie</i>.  Cf.
<u>Mind</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>Necromancy</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Violent derangement of mind; madness;
insanity.  Cf. <u>Delirium</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessive or unreasonable desire; insane
passion affecting one or many people; as, the tulip
<i>mania</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mania a potu</b></col> [L.], <cd>madness from drinking;
delirium tremens.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insanity; derangement; madness; lunacy; alienation;
aberration; delirium; frenzy. See <u>Insanity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Man"i*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>manier</i> to manage, fr. L. <i>manus</i> hand.]
<def>Manageable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ni*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>maniaque</i>.
See <u>Mania</u>.] <def>Raving with madness; raging with disordered
intellect; affected with mania; mad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ni*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A raving lunatic;
a madman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ni"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with,
or characterized by, madness; maniac.</def> --
<wf>Ma*ni"a*cal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>manicatus</i>
sleeved, fr. <i>manica</i> a sleeve.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Covered with
hairs or pubescence so platted together and interwoven as to form a
mass easily removed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Man`i*ch&aelig;"an</hw> (?), <hw>Man`i*che"an</hw>,
<hw>Man"i*chee</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>Manichaeus</i>: cf. F. <i>manich&eacute;en</i>.] <def>A believer
in the doctrines of Manes, a Persian of the third century A. D., who
taught a dualism in which Light is regarded as the source of Good,
and Darkness as the source of Evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Manich&aelig;ans</i> stand as representatives
of dualism pushed to its utmost development.</blockquote>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Man`i*ch&aelig;"an</hw>, <hw>Man`i*che"an</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Manich&aelig;ans.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Man"i*ch&aelig;*ism</hw>, <hw>Man"i*che*ism</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>manich&eacute;isme</i>.] <def>The
doctrines taught, or system of principles maintained, by the
Manich&aelig;ans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*che*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>manich&eacute;iste</i>.] <def>Manich&aelig;an.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Man"i*chord</hw> (?), <hw>Man`i*chor"don</hw> (?), } [L.
<i>monochordon</i>, Gr. &?;; -- so called because it orig. had only
one string. See <u>Monochord</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The clavichord
or clarichord; -- called also <i>dumb spinet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*cure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>manus</i> hand + <i>curare</i> to cure.] <def>A person who makes a
business of taking care of people's hands, especially their
nails.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Men] who had taken good care of their hands by
wearing gloves and availing themselves of the services of a
<i>manicure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pop. Sci. Monthly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"nid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of the genus Manis, or family
<i>Manid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma`nie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Mania</u>.]
<def>Mania; insanity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*fest</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>manifeste</i>, L. <i>manifestus</i>, lit., struck by the hand,
hence, palpable; <i>manus</i> hand +  <i>fendere</i> (in comp.) to
strike. See <u>Manual</u>, and <u>Defend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Evident to the senses, esp. to the sight; apparent; distinctly
perceived; hence, obvious to the understanding; apparent to the mind;
easily apprehensible; plain; not obscure or hidden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither is there any creature that is not
<i>manifest</i> in his sight.</blockquote> <i> Heb. iv. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That which may be known of God is <i>manifest</i> in
them.</blockquote> <i>Rom. i. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus <i>manifest</i> to sight the god
appeared.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Detected; convicted; -- with
<i>of</i>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Calistho there stood <i>manifest</i> of
shame.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Open; clear; apparent; evident; visible;
conspicuous; plain; obvious.  -- <u>Manifest</u>, <u>Clear</u>,
<u>Plain</u>, <u>Obvious</u>, <u>Evident</u>. What is <i>clear</i>
can be seen readily; what is <i>obvious</i> lies directly in our way,
and necessarily arrests our attention; what is <i>evident</i> is seen
so clearly as to remove doubt; what is <i>manifest</i> is very
distinctly evident.</p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>clear</i>, so shining, and so
<i>evident</i>,<BR>
That it will glimmer through a blind man's eye.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Entertained with solitude,<BR>
Where <i>obvious</i> duty erewhile appeared unsought.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw, I saw him <i>manifest</i> in view,<BR>
His voice, his figure, and his gesture knew.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*fest</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Manifests</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>manifeste</i>. See
<u>Manifest</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Manifesto</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A public declaration; an open statement; a
manifesto. See <u>Manifesto</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A list or invoice of a ship's cargo,
containing a description by marks, numbers, etc., of each package of
goods, to be exhibited at the customhouse.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*fest</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Manifested</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Manifesting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To show plainly; to make
to appear distinctly, -- usually to the mind; to put beyond question
or doubt; to display; to exhibit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is nothing hid which shall not be
<i>manifested</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mark iv. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy life did <i>manifest</i> thou lovedst me
not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit the manifests or prepared
invoices of; to declare at the customhouse.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reveal; declare; evince; make known; disclose;
discover; display.</p>

<p><hw>Man"i*fest`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as
can be manifested.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`i*fes*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>manifestatio</i>: cf. F.  <i>manifestation</i>.] <def>The act of
manifesting or disclosing, or the state of being manifested;
discovery to the eye or to the understanding; also, that which
manifests; exhibition; display; revelation; as, the
<i>manifestation</i> of God's power in creation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The secret manner in which acts of mercy ought to be
performed, requires this public <i>manifestation</i> of them at the
great day.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*fest`i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Manifestable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*fest*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manifest manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*fest*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being manifest; obviousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`i*fes"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Manifestoes</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>manifesto</i>. See
<u>Manifest</u>, <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos>] <def>A public
declaration, usually of a prince, sovereign, or other person claiming
large powers, showing his intentions, or proclaiming his opinions and
motives in reference to some act done or contemplated by him; as, a
<i>manifesto</i> declaring the purpose of a prince to begin war, and
explaining his motives.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>it was proposed to draw up a <i>manifesto</i>, setting
forth the grounds and motives of our taking arms.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Frederick, in a public <i>manifesto</i>, appealed to
the Empire against the insolent pretensions of the pope.</blockquote>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*fold</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>manigfeald</i>. See <u>Many</u>, and <u>Fold</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Various in kind or quality; many in number;
numerous; multiplied; complicated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Lord, how <i>manifold</i> are thy
works!</blockquote> <i>Ps. civ. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know your <i>manifold</i>
transgressions.</blockquote> <i>Amos v. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exhibited at divers times or in various
ways; -- used to qualify nouns in the singular number.</def> "The
<i>manifold</i> wisdom of God." <i>Eph. iii. 10.</i> "The
<i>manifold</i> grace of God." <i>1 Pet. iv. 10.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Manifold writing</b></col>, <cd>a process or method by
which several copies, as of a letter, are simultaneously made, sheets
of coloring paper being infolded with thin sheets of plain paper upon
which the marks made by a stylus or a type-writer are
transferred.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*fold</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A copy of a writing made by the manifold process.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A cylindrical pipe fitting,
having a number of lateral outlets, for connecting one pipe with
several others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The third stomach of a ruminant
animal.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"i*fold</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Manifolded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Manifolding</u>.] <def>To take copies of by the process of
manifold writing; as, to <i>manifold</i> a letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*fold`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having many
folds, layers, or plates; as, a <i>manifolded</i> shield.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"i*fold`ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manifold
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*fold`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Multiplicity.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A generalized concept of
magnitude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>manus</i>
hand + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like the hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ni"glion</hw> (m&adot;*n&ibreve;l"y&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>maniglio</i>, <i>maniglia</i>, bracelet,
handle.  Cf. <u>Manilio</u>.] <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>Either one of two
handles on the back of a piece of ordnance.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Man"i*hoc</hw> (?), <hw>Man"i*hot</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Manioc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OD. <i>manneken</i>,
dim. of <i>man</i> man. See <u>Man</u>, and <u>-kin</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little man; a dwarf; a pygmy; a
manakin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A model of the human body, made of papier-
mache or other material, commonly in detachable pieces, for
exhibiting the different parts and organs, their relative position,
etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*nil"a</hw> (?), <hw>Ma*nil"la</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Manila or Manilla, the
capital of the Philippine Islands; made in, or exported from, that
city.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Manila cheroot</b></col> or <col><b>cigar</b></col>, <cd>a
cheroot or cigar made of tobacco grown in the Philippine
Islands.</cd> -- <col><b>Manila hemp</b></col>, <cd>a fibrous
material obtained from the <i>Musa textilis</i>, a plant allied to
the banana, growing in the Philippine and other East India islands; -
- called also by the native name <i>abaca</i>. From it matting,
canvas, ropes, and cables are made.</cd> -- <col><b>Manila
paper</b></col>, <cd>a durable brown or buff paper made of Manila
hemp, used as a wrapping paper, and as a cheap printing and writing
paper. The name is also given to inferior papers, made of other
fiber.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nil"io</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Manilla</u>, 1.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>manilla</i>;
cf. It. <i>maniglio</i>, <i>maniglia</i>; F.  <i>manille</i>; Pg.
<i>manilha</i>; all fr. L. <i>manus</i> hand, and formed after the
analogy of L. <i>monile</i>, pl. <i>monilia</i>, necklace: cf. F.
<i>manille</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ring worn upon the arm or
leg as an ornament, especially among the tribes of Africa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of copper of the shape of a
horseshoe, used as money by certain tribes of the west coast of
Africa.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nil"la</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Manila</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*nille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See 1st
<u>Manilla</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ni*oc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>mandioca</i>,
fr. Braz.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The tropical plants (<i>Manihot
utilissima</i>, and <i>M. Aipi</i>), from which cassava and tapioca
are prepared; also, cassava.</def> [Written also <i>mandioc</i>,
<i>manihoc</i>, <i>manihot</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"i*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>manipulus</i>,
<i>maniplus</i>, a handful, a certain number of soldiers;
<i>manus</i> hand + root of <i>plere</i> to fill, <i>plenus</i> full:
cf. F. <i>maniple</i>. See <u>Manual</u>, and <u>Full</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A handful.</def> [R.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A division of the Roman army numbering
sixty men exclusive of officers; any small body of soldiers; a
company.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a napkin; later, an ornamental
band or scarf worn upon the left arm as a part of the vestments of a
priest in the Roman Catholic Church. It is sometimes worn in the
English Church service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nip"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>manipularis</i>: cf. F. <i>manipulaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the maniple, or company.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manipulatory; as, <i>manipular</i>
operations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nip"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Manipulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Manipulating</u> (?).] [LL. <i>manipulatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>manipulare</i> to lead by the hand, fr. L. <i>manipulus</i>.
See <u>Maniple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To treat, work, or
operate with the hands, especially when knowledge and dexterity are
required; to manage in hand work; to handle; as, to <i>manipulate</i>
scientific apparatus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To control the action of, by management;
as, to <i>manipulate</i> a convention of delegates; to
<i>manipulate</i> the stock market; also, to manage artfully or
fraudulently; as, to <i>manipulate</i> accounts, or election
returns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nip"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use the
hands in dexterous operations; to do hand work; specifically, to
manage the apparatus or instruments used in scientific work, or in
artistic or mechanical processes; also, specifically, to use the hand
in mesmeric operations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nip`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>manipulation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
manipulating, or the state of being manipulated; the act of handling
work by hand; use of the hands, in an artistic or skillful manner, in
science or art.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Manipulation</i> is to the chemist like the
external senses to the mind.</blockquote>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The use of the hands in mesmeric
operations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Artful management; as, the
<i>manipulation</i> of political bodies; sometimes, a management or
treatment for purposes of deception or fraud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nip"u*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to manipulation; performed by manipulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nip"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
manipulates.</def></p>

<p><! p. 892 !></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nip"u*la*to*ry</hw>
(m&adot;*n&ibreve;p"&usl;*l&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to manipulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"nis</hw> (m&amacr;"n&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. L. <i>manes</i> the ghosts or shades of the dead. So called
from its dismal appearance, and because it seeks for its food by
night.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of edentates, covered with
large, hard, triangular scales, with sharp edges that overlap each
other like tiles on a roof. They inhabit the warmest parts of Asia
and Africa, and feed on ants. Called also <i>Scaly anteater</i>. See
<u>Pangolin</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Man"i*to</hw> (?), <hw>Man"i*tou</hw> (?), <hw>Man"i*tu</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name given by tribes of American
Indians to a great spirit, whether good or evil, or to any object of
worship.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gitche <i>Manito</i> the mighty,<BR>
The Great Spirit, the creator,<BR>
Smiled upon his helpless children!</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mitche <i>Manito</i> the mighty,<BR>
He the dreadful Spirit of Evil,<BR>
As a serpent was depicted.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*trunk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>manus</i>
hand + E. <i>trunk</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The anterior
segment of the thorax in insects. See <u>Insect</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`kind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mancynn</i>.
See <u>Kin</u> kindred, <u>Kind</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The human race; man, taken
collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The proper study of <i>mankind</i> is
man.</blockquote> <i>Pore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Men, as distinguished from women; the male
portion of human race.</def>  <i>Lev. xviii. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Human feelings; humanity.</def> [Obs]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"kind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Manlike; not
womanly; masculine; bold; cruel.</def> [Obs]</p>

<p><blockquote>Are women grown so <i>mankind</i>? Must they be
wooing?</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not too <i>mankind</i> against your
wife.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Manks</hw> (m&abreve;&nsm;ks), <pos><i>prop. a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to the language or people of the Isle of
Man.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language spoken in the
Isle of Man. See <u>Manx</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of men.</def>  <i>Bakon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unmanly; inhuman.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Inhumanly.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Man</i> +
<i>like.</i> Cf. <u>Manly</u>.] <def>Like man, or like a man, in form
or nature; having the qualities of a man, esp. the nobler qualities;
manly.</def> " Gentle, <i>manlike</i> speech." <i>Testament of
Love.</i> " A right <i>manlike</i> man."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In glaring Chloe's <i>manlike</i> taste and
mien.</blockquote> <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being manly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
man.</def> [Obs.]  <i> B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Manlier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Manliest</u>.]
[<i>Man</i> + <i>-ly</i>.  Cf. <u>Manlike</u>.] <def>Having qualities
becoming to a man; not childish or womanish; manlike, esp. brave,
courageous, resolute, noble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let's briefly put on <i>manly</i>
readiness.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Serene and <i>manly</i>, hardened to sustain<BR>
The load of life.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bold; daring; brave; courageous; firm; undaunted;
hardy; dignified; stately.</p>

<p><hw>Man"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manly manner;
with the courage and fortitude of a manly man; as, to act
<i>manly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"na</hw> (m&abreve;n"n&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
fr. Gr. <grk>ma`nna</grk>, Heb. <i>m&amacr;n</i>; cf. Ar.
<i>mann</i>, properly, gift (of heaven).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Script.)</i> <def>The food supplied to the Israelites in their
journey through the wilderness of Arabia; hence, divinely supplied
food.</def>  <i>Ex. xvi. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to lichens of
the genus <i>Lecanora</i>, sometimes blown into heaps in the deserts
of Arabia and Africa, and gathered and used as food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>A sweetish exudation
in the form of pale yellow friable flakes, coming from several trees
and shrubs and used in medicine as a gentle laxative, as the
secretion of <i>Fraxinus Ornus</i>, and <i>F. rotundifolia</i>, the
manna ashes of Southern Europe.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Persian manna</i> is the secretion of the camel's thorn
(see <i>Camel's thorn</i>, under <u>Camel</u>); <i>Tamarisk
manna</i>, that of the <i>Tamarisk mannifera</i>, a shrub of Western
Asia; <i>Australian, manna</i>, that of certain species of
eucalyptus; <i>Brian&ccedil;on manna</i>, that of the European
larch.</p>

<p><col><b>Manna grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of several
tall slender grasses of the genus <i>Glyceria</i>. they have long
loose panicles, and grow in moist places. <i>Nerved manna grass</i>
is <i>Glyceria nervata</i>, and <i>Floating manna grass</i> is <i>G.
fluitans</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Manna insect</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>, <cd>a scale insect (<i>Gossyparia mannipara</i>),
which causes the exudation of manna from the Tamarix tree in
Arabia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man"na croup`</hw> (kr&oomac;p`). [<i>Manna</i> + Russ. &amp; Pol.
<i>krupa</i> groats, grits.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The portions of
hard wheat kernels not ground into flour by the millstones: a kind of
semolina prepared in Russia and used for puddings, soups, etc. --
called also <i>manna groats</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The husked grains of manna
grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>manere</i>, F.
<i>mani&egrave;re</i>, from OF. <i>manier</i>, adj., manual,
skillful, handy, fr. (assumed) LL. <i>manarius</i>, for L.
<i>manuarius</i> belonging to the hand, fr. <i>manus</i> the hand.
See <u>Manual</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mode of action; way of
performing or effecting anything; method; style; form;
fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nations which thou hast removed, and placed in the
cities of Samaria, know not the <i>manner</i> of the God of the
land.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings xvii. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The temptations of prosperity insinuate themselves
after a gentle, but very powerful, <i>manner</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic mode of acting, conducting,
carrying one's self, or the like; bearing; habitual style.</def></p>

<p>Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Customary method of acting;
habit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Paul, as his <i>manner</i> was, went in unto
them.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Air and <i>manner</i> are more expressive than
words.</blockquote> <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>Carriage; behavior;
deportment; also, becoming behavior; well-bred carriage and
address.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good <i>manners</i> are made up of petty
sacrifices.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The style of writing or thought of an
author; characteristic peculiarity of an artist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Certain degree or measure; as, it is in a
<i>manner</i> done already.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bread is in <i>a manner</i> common.</blockquote>
<i>1 Sam. xxi.5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sort; kind; style; -- in this application
sometimes having the sense of a plural, sorts or kinds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye tithe mint, and rue, and all <i>manner</i> of
herbs.</blockquote> <i>Luke xi. 42.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I bid thee say,<BR>
What <i>manner</i> of man art thou?</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In old usage, <i>of</i> was often omitted after
<i>manner</i>, when employed in this sense. "A <i>manner</i> Latin
corrupt was her speech."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>By any manner of means</b></col>, <cd>in any way possible;
by any sort of means.</cd> -- <col><b>To be taken</b></col>
<col><b>in, or with</b></col> <col><b>the manner</b></col>. [A
corruption of <i>to be taken in the mainor</i>. See <u>Mainor</u>.]
<cd>To be taken in the very act.</cd> [Obs.] See <u>Mainor</u>. --
<col><b>To make one's manners</b></col>, <cd>to make a bow or
courtesy; to offer salutation.</cd> -- <col><b>Manners bit</b></col>,
<cd>a portion left in a dish for the sake of good manners.</cd>
<i>Hallwell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Method; mode; custom; habit; fashion; air; look;
mien; aspect; appearance. See <u>Method</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Man"nered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a certain way, esp. a polite way, of carrying and
conducting one's self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give her princely training, that she may be<BR>
<i>Mannered</i> as she is born.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with mannerism; marked by excess
of some characteristic peculiarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His style is in some degree <i>mannered</i> and
confined.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"ner*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mani&eacute;risme</i>.] <def>Adherence to a peculiar style or
manner; a characteristic mode of action, bearing, or treatment,
carried to excess, especially in literature or art.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mannerism</i> is pardonable,and is sometimes even
agreeable, when the manner, though vicious, is natural . . . . But a
<i>mannerism</i> which does not sit easy on the mannerist, which has
been adopted on principle, and which can be sustained only by
constant effort, is always offensive.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"ner*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mani&eacute;riste</i>.] <def>One addicted to mannerism; a person
who, in action, bearing, or treatment, carries characteristic
peculiarities to excess. See citation under
<u>Mannerism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"ner*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being mannerly; civility; complaisance.</def>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"ner*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showing good
manners; civil; respectful; complaisant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What thou thinkest meet, and is most
<i>mannerly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"ner*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With good
manners.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mann"heim gold"</hw> (?). [From <i>Mannheim</i> in Germany,
where much of it was made.] <def>A kind of brass made in imitation of
gold. It contains eighty per cent of copper and twenty of zinc.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"nide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mann</i>ite +
anhydr<i>ide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white amorphous or
crystalline substance, obtained by dehydration of mannite, and
distinct from, but convertible into, mannitan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Man</i> + <i>-
ish</i>: cf. AS. <i>mennisc</i>, <i>menisc</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling a human being in form or nature; human.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But yet it was a figure<BR>
Most like to <i>mannish</i> creature.</blockquote> <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling, suitable to, or characteristic
of, a man, manlike, masculine.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman impudent and <i>mannish</i>
grown.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fond of men; -- said of a woman.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Man"nish*ly</wf> (#),<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Man"nish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Man"ni*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mannite</i> +
<i>an</i>hydrite.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white amorphous or
crystalline substance obtained by the partial dehydration of
mannite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"ni*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of mannitic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mannite</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white
crystalline substance of a sweet taste obtained from a so-called
<i>manna</i>, the dried sap of the flowering ash (<i>Fraxinus
ornus</i>); -- called also <i>mannitol</i>, and <i>hydroxy
hexane</i>.  Cf. <u>Dulcite</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A sweet white efflorescence
from dried fronds of kelp, especially from those of the <i>Laminaria
saccharina</i>, or devil's apron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man*nit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, resembling, or derived from,
mannite.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mannitic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white
amorphous substance, intermediate between saccharic acid and mannite,
and obtained by the partial oxidation of the latter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man"ni*tol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mannite</i> +
<i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The technical name of mannite. See
<u>Mannite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"ni*tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A variety of sugar obtained by the partial oxidation of mannite,
and closely resembling levulose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*n&oelig;u"vre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Maneuver</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`-of-war"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Men-of-war</b></plw>. <def>A government vessel employed for
the purposes of war, esp. one of large size; a ship of war.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Man-of-war bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>The
frigate bird; also applied to the skua gulls, and to the wandering
albatross.</cd> -- <col><b>Man-of-war hawk</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the frigate bird.</cd> -- <col><b>Man-of-
war's man</b></col>, <cd>a sailor serving in a ship of war.</cd> --
<col><b>Portuguese man-of-war</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
species of the genus <i>Physalia</i>. See <u>Physalia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thin,
rare + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>manom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An
instrument for measuring the tension or elastic force of gases,
steam, etc., constructed usually on the principle of allowing the gas
to exert its elastic force in raising a column of mercury in an open
tube, or in compressing a portion of air or other gas in a closed
tube with mercury or other liquid intervening, or in bending a
metallic or other spring so as to set in motion an index; a pressure
gauge. See <u>Pressure</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Air
pump</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Man`o*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Man`o*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>manom&eacute;trique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the manometer; made by the manometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>maner</i>, OF.
<i>maneir</i> habitation, village, F. <i>manoir</i> manor, prop. the
OF. inf. <i>maneir</i> to stay, remain, dwell, L. <i>manere</i>, and
so called because it was the permanent residence of the lord and of
his tenants. See <u>Mansion</u>, and cf. <u>Remain</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The land belonging to a
lord or nobleman, or so much land as a lord or great personage kept
in his own hands, for the use and subsistence of his
family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>manors</i>, rents, revenues, l
forego.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In these days, a <i>manor</i> rather signifies the
jurisdiction and royalty incorporeal, than the land or site, for a
man may have a manor in gross, as the law terms it, that is, the
right and interest of a court-baron, with the perquisites thereto
belonging.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(American Law)</i> <def>A tract of land
occupied by tenants who pay a free-farm rent to the proprietor,
sometimes in kind, and sometimes by performing certain stipulated
services.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Manor house</b></col>, or <col><b>Manor seat</b></col>,
<cd>the house belonging to a manor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma*no"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a manor.</def> " <i>Manorial</i> claims."
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thin, rare
+ <i>-scope</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Manometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
of the determination of the density of vapors and gases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*no"ver*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Maneuver</u>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A contrivance or maneuvering
to catch game illegally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"quell`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A killer of
men; a manslayer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Man"red</hw> (?), <hw>Man"rent`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Homage or service rendered to a superior,
as to a lord; vassalage.</def> [Obs. or Scots Law]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"rope`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>One of the side ropes to the gangway of a ship.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"sard roof"</hw> (?). [So called from its inventor,
Fran&ccedil;ois <i>Mansard</i>, or <i>Mansart</i>, a distinguished
French architect, who died in 1666.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A hipped
curb roof; that is, a roof having on all sides two slopes, the lower
one being steeper than the upper one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Manse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>mansa</i>,
<i>mansus</i>, <i>mansum</i>, a farm, fr. L. <i>manere</i>,
<i>mansum</i>, to stay, dwell. See <u>Mansion</u>, <u>Manor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dwelling house, generally with land
attached.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The parsonage; a clergyman's house.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Capital manse</b></col>, <cd>the manor house, or lord's
court.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man"serv`ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A male
servant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>mansion</i>,
F. <i>maison</i>, fr. L. <i>mansio</i> a staying, remaining, a
dwelling, habitation, fr. <i>manere</i>, <i>mansum</i>, to stay,
dwell; akin to Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>Manse</u>, <u>Manor</u>,
<u>Menagerie</u>, <u>Menial</u>, <u>Permanent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dwelling place, -- whether a part or whole
of a house or other shelter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In my Father's house are many
<i>mansions</i>.</blockquote> <i>John xiv. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These poets near our princes sleep,<BR>
And in one grave their <i>mansions</i> keep.</blockquote>
<i>Den&?;am.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The house of the lord of a manor; a manor
house; hence: Any house of considerable size or pretension.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>A twelfth part of the
heavens; a house. See 1st <u>House</u>, 8.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The place in the heavens occupied each day
by the moon in its monthly revolution.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The eight and twenty <i>mansions</i><BR>
<i>That longen to the moon</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mansion house</b></col>, <cd>the house in which one
resides; specifically, in London and some other cities, the official
residence of the Lord Mayor.</cd>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"sion</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dwell; to
reside.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resident;
residentiary; as, <i>mansionary</i> canons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"sion*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
dwelling or residing; occupancy as a dwelling place.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"slaugh`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The slaying of a human being; destruction of
men.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The unlawful killing of a
man, either in negligence or incidentally to the commission of some
unlawful act, but without specific malice, or upon a sudden
excitement of anger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"slay`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who kills
a human being; one who commits manslaughter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"steal`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
steals or kidnaps a human being or beings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"steal`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
business of stealing or kidnaping human beings, especially with a
view to e&?;slave them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"suete</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mansuetus</i>,
p. p. of <i>mansuescere</i> to tame; <i>manus</i> hand +
<i>suescere</i> to accustom: cf. F. <i>mansuet</i>.] <def>Tame;
gentle; kind.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"sue*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mansuetudo</i>: cf. F. <i>mansu&eacute;tude</i>.] <def>Tameness;
gentleness; mildness.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Man"swear`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To swear
falsely. Same as <u>Mainswear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Man"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Cephaloptera</u> and <u>Sea
devil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mant*choo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Manchu</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Man`teau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> F.
<plw><b>Manteaux</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Manteaus</b></plw> (#).
[F. See <u>Mantle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A woman's cloak or mantle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gown worn by women.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same word as
<i>mantle</i> a garment; cf. F. <i>manteau de chemin&eacute;e</i>.
See <u>Mantle</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The finish around a
fireplace, covering the chimney-breast in front and sometimes on both
sides; especially, a shelf above the fireplace, and its
supports.</def> [Written also <i>mantle</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"tel*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>manteau</i>, OF. <i>mantel</i>. See <u>Mantle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A short cloak formerly
worn by knights.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A short cloak or
mantle worn by women.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>mantelet</i> upon his shoulders
hanging.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A musket-proof shield of
rope, wood, or metal, which is sometimes used for the protection of
sappers or riflemen while attacking a fortress, or of gunners at
embrasures; -- now commonly written <i>mantlet</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 893 !></p>

<p><hw>Man"tel*piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mantel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"tel*shelf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The shelf
of a mantel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"tel*tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The lintel of a fireplace when of wood, as frequently in early
houses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; prophetic.]
<def>Of or pertaining to divination, or to the condition of one
inspired, or supposed to be inspired, by a deity; prophetic.</def>
[R.] "<i>Mantic</i> fury."  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man*til"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. See
<u>Mantle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lady's light cloak of cape
of silk, velvet, lace, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of veil, covering the head and
falling down upon the shoulders; -- worn in Spain, Mexico,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Man"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
prophet.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
voracious orthopterous insects of the genus <i>Mantis</i>, and allied
genera. They are remarkable for their slender grotesque forms, and
for holding their stout anterior legs in a manner suggesting hands
folded in prayer. The common American species is <i>M.
Carolina</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mantis shrimp</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Sguilla</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man*tis"pid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any neuropterous insect of the genus <i>Mantispa</i>, and allied
genera. The larv&aelig; feed on plant lice. Also used adjectively.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Neuroptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man*tis*sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an addition,
makeweight; of Tuscan origin.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The decimal part
of a logarithm, as distinguished from the integral part, or
<i>characteristic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mantel</i>, OF.
<i>mantel</i>, F. <i>manteau</i>, fr. L. <i>mantellum</i>,
<i>mantelum</i>, a cloth, napkin, cloak, mantle (cf. <i>mantele</i>,
<i>mantile</i>, towel, napkin); prob. from <i>manus</i> hand + the
root of <i>tela</i> cloth. See <u>Manual</u>, <u>Textile</u>, and cf.
<u>Mandil</u>, <u>Mantel</u>, <u>Mantilla</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A loose garment to be worn over other
garments; an enveloping robe; a cloak. Hence, figuratively, a
covering or concealing envelope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The] children are clothed with <i>mantles</i> of
satin.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The green <i>mantle</i> of the standing
pool.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now Nature hangs her <i>mantle</i> green<BR>
On every blooming tree.</blockquote> <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Mantling</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The external fold, or folds, of the soft, exterior membrane of
the body of a mollusk. It usually forms a cavity inclosing the gills.
See <i>Illusts</i>. of <u>Buccinum</u>, and <u>Byssus</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any free, outer membrane.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The back of a bird together with the folded
wings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A mantel. See
<u>Mantel</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The outer wall and casing of a blast
furnace, above the hearth.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Hydraulic Engin.)</i> <def>A penstock for a
water wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mantled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mantling</u> (?).] <def>To cover or envelop, as with a mantle; to
cloak; to hide; to disguise.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To unfold and spread out the wings, like a mantle; -- said of
hawks. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ne is there hawk which <i>mantleth</i> on her
perch.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Or tend his sparhawk <i>mantling</i> in her
mew.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My frail fancy fed with full delight.<BR>
Doth bathe in bliss, and <i>mantleth</i> most at ease.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spread out; -- said of wings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The swan, with arched neck<BR>
Between her white wings <i>mantling</i> proudly, rows.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spread over the surface as a covering;
to overspread; as, the scum <i>mantled</i> on the pool.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though <i>mantled</i> in her cheek the
blood.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To gather, assume, or take on, a covering,
as froth, scum, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a sort of men whose visages<BR>
Do cream and <i>mantle</i> like a standing pond.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor bowl of wassail <i>mantle</i> warm.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"tlet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mantelet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"tling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>The representation of a mantle, or the drapery behind and around
a coat of arms: -- called also <i>lambrequin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. or Sp.
<i>manto</i>, abbrev., from L. <i>mantelum</i>. See <u>Mantle</u>.]
<def>See <u>Manteau</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
skilled in mantology; a diviner.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Man*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; prophet +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The act or art of divination.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Man"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.] <def>A prayer;
an invocation; a religious formula; a charm.</def> [India]</p>

<p>&fist; Among the Hindoos each caste and tribe has a <i>mantra</i>
peculiar to itself; as, the <i>mantra</i> of the Brahmans.
<i>Balfour (Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"trap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A trap for catching trespassers.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dangerous place, as an open hatch, into
which one may fall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"tu*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A superior kind of rich silk formerly exported from Mantua in
Italy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beck (Draper's Dict.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman's cloak or mantle; also, a woman's
gown.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"tu*a*mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes dresses, cloaks, etc., for women; a dressmaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"tu*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Mantua.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant
of Mantua.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"nu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.] <i>(Hind.
Myth.)</i> <def>One of a series of progenitors of human beings, and
authors of human wisdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"u*al</hw> (m&abreve;n"&usl;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>manuel</i>, F. <i>manuel</i>, L.
<i>manualis</i>, fr. <i>manus</i> hand; prob. akin to AS. <i>mund</i>
hand, protection, OHG. <i>munt</i>, G. <i>m&uuml;nd</i>el a ward,
vor<i>mund</i> guardian, Icel. <i>mund</i> hand.  Cf.
<u>Emancipate</u>, <u>Legerdemain</u>, <u>Maintain</u>,
<u>Manage</u>, <u>Manner</u>, <u>Manure</u>, <u>Mound</u> a hill.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the hand; done or made by the hand; as,
<i>manual</i> labor; the king's sign <i>manual</i>.</def>
"<i>Manual</i> and ocular examination."  <i>Tatham.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Manual alphabet</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Dactylology</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Manual exercise</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>the exercise by which soldiers are taught the use
of their muskets and other arms.</cd> -- <col><b>Seal
manual</b></col>, <cd>the impression of a seal worn on the hand as a
ring.</cd> -- <col><b>Sign manual</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Sign</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>manuel</i>,
LL. <i>manuale</i>. See <u>Manual</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small book, such as may be carried in the
hand, or conveniently handled; a handbook; specifically, the service
book of the Roman Catholic Church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>manual</i> of laws, styled the Confessor's
Laws.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A keyboard of an organ or
harmonium for the fingers, as distinguished from the pedals; a
clavier, or set of keys.</def>  <i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A prescribed exercise in the
systematic handing of a weapon; as, the <i>manual</i> of arms; the
<i>manual</i> of the sword; the <i>manual</i> of the piece (cannon,
mortar, etc.).</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"u*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who works
with the hands; an artificer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"u*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"u*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>manuarius</i>, fr. <i>manus</i> hand.] <def>Manual.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An artificer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nu"bi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>manubialis</i>, fr. <i>manubiae</i> money obtained from the sale
of booty, booty.] <def>Belonging to spoils; taken in war.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nu"bri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a manubrium; shaped like a manubrium;
handlelike.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*nu"bri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Manubria</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Manubriums</b></plw> (#).
[L., handle, fr. <i>manus</i> hand.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A handlelike process or
part; esp., the anterior segment of the sternum, or presternum, and
the handlelike process of the malleus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The proboscis of a
jellyfish; -- called also <i>hypostoma</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Hydromedusa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"u*code</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Javanese
<i>manukdewata</i> the bird of the gods: cf. F. <i>manucode</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird of the genus <i>Manucodia</i>, of
Australia and New Guinea. They are related to the bird of
paradise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`u*du"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
leads by the hand; a manuductor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man`u*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>manus</i>
hand + <i>ductio</i> a leading, <i>ducere</i> to lead: cf. F.
<i>manuduction</i>.] <def>Guidance by the hand.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Glanvill.</i>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man`u*duc"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>manus</i>
the hand + <i>ductor</i> a leader, <i>ducere</i> to lead: cf. F.
<i>manuducteur</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A conductor; an officer in
the ancient church who gave the signal for the choir to sing, and who
beat time with the hand, and regulated the music.</def>  <i>Moore
(Encyc. of Music.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Man`u*fac"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. L. <i>factorium</i> an oil press,
prop., place where something is made. See <u>Manufacture</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Manufacture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A building or place where anything is
manufactured; a factory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`u*fac"to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
manufacturing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`u*fac"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to manufactures.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Man`u*fac"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>manus</i>
the hand + <i>factura</i> a making, fr. <i>facere</i> to make: cf. F.
<i>manufacture</i>. See <u>Manual</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The operation of making wares or any products
by hand, by machinery, or by other agency.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything made from raw materials by the
hand, by machinery, or by art, as cloths, iron utensils, shoes,
machinery, saddlery, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`u*fac"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Manufactured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Manufacturing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>manufacturer</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make (wares or other products) by hand, by
machinery, or by other agency; as, to <i>manufacture</i> cloth,
nails, glass, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To work, as raw or partly wrought
materials, into suitable forms for use; as, to <i>manufacture</i>
wool, cotton, silk, or iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`u*fac"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
employed in manufacturing something.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`u*fac"tur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
manufactures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`u*fac"tur*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Employed, or chiefly employed, in
manufacture; as, a <i>manufacturing</i> community; a
<i>manufacturing</i> town.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to manufacture; as,
<i>manufacturing</i> projects.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"nul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A wild cat (<i>Felis manul</i>), having long, soft, light-
colored fur. It is found in the mountains of Central Asia, and dwells
among rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"u*mise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Manumit</u>.] <def>To manumit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man`u*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>manumissio</i>: cf. F. <i>manumission</i>. See <u>Manumit</u>.]
<def>The act of manumitting, or of liberating a slave from
bondage.</def> "Given to slaves at their <i>manumission</i>."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man`u*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Manumitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Manumitting</u>.] [L. <i>manumittere</i>, <i>manumissum</i>;
<i>manus</i> the hand + <i>mittere</i> to send, to send off. See
<u>Manual</u>, and <u>Missile</u>.] <def>To release from slavery; to
liberate from personal bondage or servitude; to free, as a
slave.</def> "<i>Manumitted</i> slaves."  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"u*mo`tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>manus</i>
the hand + E. <i>motive</i>.] <def>Movable by hand.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"u*mo`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>manus</i>
the hand + E. <i>motor</i>.] <def>A small wheel carriage, so
constructed that a person sitting in it may move it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nur"a*ble</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of cultivation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of receiving a fertilizing
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nur"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cultivation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nur"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cultivation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nure"</hw> (m&adot;*n&umacr;r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Manured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Manuring</u>.] [Contr, from OF. <i>manuvrer</i>,
<i>manovrer</i>, to work with the hand, to cultivate by manual labor,
F. <i>man&oelig;uvrer</i>. See <u>Manual</u>, <u>Ure</u>,
<u>Opera</u>, and cf. <u>Inure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cultivate by manual labor; to till; hence, to develop by
culture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To whom we gave the strand for to
<i>manure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Manure</i> thyself then; to thyself be
improved;<BR>
And with vain, outward things be no more moved.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To apply manure to; to enrich, as land, by
the application of a fertilizing substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The blood of English shall <i>manure</i> the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nure"</hw> (m&adot;*n&umacr;r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Any matter which makes land productive; a fertilizing substance,
as the contents of stables and barnyards, dung, decaying animal or
vegetable substances, etc.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nure"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>manouvrement</i>.] <def>Cultivation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nur"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who manures
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nu"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
manures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*nur"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
process of applying manure; also, the manure applied.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Manus</b></plw>. [L., the hand.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
distal segment of the fore limb, including the carpus and fore foot
or hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"u*script</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>manu
scriptus</i>. See <u>Manual</u>, and <u>Scribe</u>.] <def>Written
with or by the hand; not printed; as, a <i>manuscript</i>
volume.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"u*script</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>manuscriptum</i>, lit., something written with the hand. See
<u>Manuscript</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
literary or musical composition written with the hand, as
distinguished from a printed copy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Writing, as opposed to print; as, the book
exists only in <i>manuscript</i>.</def>  <i>Craik.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The word is often abbreviated to <i>MS</i>., plural
<i>MSS</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Man"u*script`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Manuscript.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Man`u*ten"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>manus</i> hand + <i>tenere</i> to hold.] <def>Maintenance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Abp. Sancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Man"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
passageway, as in a mine, that a man may pass through.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Manx</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Isle of Man, or its inhabitants; as, the <i>Manx</i>
language.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Manx cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a breed of
domestic cats having a rudimentary tail, containing only about three
vertebrae.</cd> -- <col><b>Manx shearwater</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an oceanic bird (<i>Puffinus anglorum</i>,
or <i>P. puffinus</i>), called also <i>Manx petrel</i>, <i>Manx
puffin</i>. It was formerly abundant in the Isle of Man.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Manx</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of the
inhabitants of the Isle of Man, a dialect of the Celtic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Meine</u>,
<u>Mansion</u>.] <def>A retinue of servants; a household.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ny</hw>, <pos><i>a. or pron.</i></pos> [It has no variation
to express degrees of comparison; <i>more</i> and <i>most</i>, which
are used for the comparative and superlative degrees, are from a
different root.] [OE. <i>mani</i>, <i>moni</i>, AS. <i>manig</i>,
<i>m&aelig;nig</i>, <i>monig</i>; akin to D. <i>menig</i>, OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>manag</i>, G. <i>manch</i>, Dan. <i>mange</i>, Sw.
<i>m&aring;nge</i>, Goth. <i>manags</i>, OSlav. <i>mnog'</i>, Russ.
<i>mnogii</i>; cf. Icel. <i>margr</i>, Prov. E. <i>mort</i>.
&radic;103.] <def>Consisting of a great number; numerous; not
few.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt be a father of <i>many</i>
nations.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xvii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>many</i> wise men after the flesh, not
<i>many</i> mighty, not <i>many</i> noble, are called.</blockquote>
<i>1 Cor. i. 26.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Many</i> is freely prefixed to participles, forming
compounds which need no special explanation; as, <i>many-</i>angled,
<i>many-</i>celled, <i>many-</i>eyed, <i>many-</i>footed, <i>many-
</i>handed, <i>many-</i>leaved, <i>many-</i>lettered, <i>many-
</i>named, <i>many-</i>peopled, <i>many-</i>petaled, <i>many-
</i>seeded, <i>many-</i>syllabled (polysyllabic), <i>many-
</i>tongued, <i>many-</i>voiced, <i>many-</i>wived, and the like.
    Comparison is often expressed by <i>many</i> with <i>as</i> or
<i>so</i>. "As <i>many</i> as were willing hearted . . . brought
bracelets." <i>Exod. xxxv. 22.</i> "So <i>many</i> laws argue so
<i>many</i> sins." <i>Milton.</i>
    <i>Many</i> stands with a singular substantive with <i>a</i> or
<i>an</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Many a</b></col>, <cd>a large number taken distributively;
each one of many.</cd> "For thy sake have I shed <i>many a</i> tear."
<i>Shak.</i> "Full <i>many a</i> gem of purest ray serene."
<i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Many one</b></col>, <cd>many a one; many
persons.</cd> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i> -- <col><b>The
many</b></col>, <cd>the majority; -- opposed to <i>the few</i>. See
<u>Many</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Too many</b></col>,
<cd>too numerous; hence, too powerful; as, they are <i>too many</i>
for us.</cd>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Numerous; multiplied; frequent; manifold; various;
divers; sundry.</p>

<p><hw>Ma"ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>menigeo</i>,
<i>menigo</i>, <i>menio</i>, multitude; akin to G. <i>menge</i>, OHG.
<i>manag&imacr;</i>, <i>menig&imacr;</i>, Goth. <i>managei</i>. See
<u>Many</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
populace; the common people; the majority of people, or of a
community.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After him the rascal <i>many</i> ran.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large or considerable number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>many</i> of our bodies shall no doubt<BR>
Find native graves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Seeing a great <i>many</i> in rich gowns.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It will be concluded by <i>many</i>that he lived like
an honest man.</blockquote> <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, <i>many</i> is connected immediately with
another substantive (without <i>of</i>) to show of what the
<i>many</i> consists; as, a good <i>many</i> [of] people think
so.</p>

<p><blockquote>He is liable to a great <i>many</i>
inconveniences.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ny-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having many
faculties; versatile; many-sided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ny*plies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Many</i>, adj.
+ <i>plies</i>, pl. of <i>ply</i> a fold.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
third division, or that between the reticulum, or honeycomb stomach,
and the abomasum, or rennet stomach, in the stomach of ruminants; the
omasum; the psalterium. So called from the numerous folds in its
mucous membrane. See <i>Illust</i> of <u>Ruminant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ny-sid`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having many sides; -- said of figures. Hence, presenting many
questions or subjects for consideration; as, a <i>many-sided</i>
topic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Interested in, and having an aptitude for,
many unlike pursuits or objects of attention; versatile.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ma"ny-sid`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 894 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma"ny*ways`</hw> (?), <hw>Ma"ny*wise`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In many different ways;
variously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`za*ni"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., dim. of
<i>munzana</i> an apple.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several
species of <i>Arctostaphylos</i>, but mostly to <i>A. glauca</i> and
<i>A. pungens</i>, shrubs of California, Oregon, etc., with reddish
smooth bark, ovate or oval coriaceous evergreen leaves, and bearing
clusters of red berries, which are said to be a favorite food of the
grizzly bear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"o*ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Maoris</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of the
aboriginal inhabitants of New Zealand; also, the original language of
New Zealand.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Maoris or to their language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Map</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From F. <i>mappe</i>, in
<i>mappemonde</i> map of the world, fr. L. <i>mappa</i> napkin,
signal cloth; -- a Punic word.  Cf. <u>Apron</u>, <u>Napkin</u>,
<u>Nappe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A representation of the
surface of the earth, or of some portion of it, showing the relative
position of the parts represented; -- usually on a flat surface.
Also, such a representation of the celestial sphere, or of some part
of it.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are five principal kinds of projection used in making
maps: the <i>orthographic</i>, the <i>stereographic</i>, the
<i>globuar</i>, the <i>conical</i>, and the <i>cylindrical</i>, or
<i>Mercator's projection</i>. See <u>Projection</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which represents graphically a
succession of events, states, or acts; as, an historical
<i>map</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus is his cheek the <i>map</i> of days
outworn.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Map lichen</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a lichen
(<i>Lecidea geographica</i>.) growing on stones in curious maplike
figures.</cd>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Map</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mapping</u> (?).] <def>To represent by a map; -- often with
<i>out</i>; as, to survey and <i>map</i>, or <i>map out</i>, a
<i>county</i>. Hence, figuratively: To represent or indicate
systematically and clearly; to sketch; to plan; as, to <i>map</i>, or
<i>map out</i>, a journey; to <i>map out</i> business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am near to the place where they should meet, if
Pisanio have <i>mapped</i> it truly.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*pach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mexican.] <def>The
raccoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mapolder</i>,
<i>mapulder</i>, <i>mapol</i>; akin to Icel. <i>m&ouml;purr</i>; cf.
OHG. <i>mazzaltra</i>, <i>mazzoltra</i>, G. <i>massholder</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree of the genus <i>Acer</i>, including about
fifty species. <i>A. saccharinum</i> is the rock maple, or sugar
maple, from the sap of which sugar is made, in the United States, in
great quantities, by evaporation; the red or swamp maple is <i>A.
rubrum</i>; the silver maple, <i>A. dasycarpum</i>, having fruit
wooly when young; the striped maple, <i>A. Pennsylvanium</i>, called
also <i>moosewood</i>. The common maple of Europe is <i>A.
campestre</i>, the sycamore maple is <i>A. Pseudo-platanus</i>, and
the Norway maple is <i>A. platanoides</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Maple</i> is much used adjectively, or as the first part
of a compound; as, <i>maple</i> tree, <i>maple</i> leaf, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Bird's-eye maple</b></col>, <col><b>Curled
maple</b></col>, <cd>varieties of the wood of the rock maple, in
which a beautiful lustrous grain is produced by the sinuous course of
the fibers.</cd> -- <col><b>Maple honey</b></col>, <col><b>Maple
molasses</b></col>, or <col><b>Maple sirup</b></col>, <cd>maple sap
boiled to the consistency of molasses.</cd> -- <col><b>Maple
sugar</b></col>, <cd>sugar obtained from the sap of the sugar maple
by evaporation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Map"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or
consisting of lines resembling a map; as, the <i>maplike</i> figures
in which certain lichens grow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Map"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Map.] <def>The
making, or study, of maps.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"qui</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Chilian shrub (<i>Aristotelia Maqui</i>). Its bark furnishes strings
for musical instruments, and a medicinal wine is made from its
berries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small lake. See
<u>Mere</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Marred</u> (m&auml;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Marring</u>.] [OE. <i>marren</i>, <i>merren</i>, AS.
<i>merran</i>, <i>myrran</i> (in comp.), to obstruct, impede,
dissipate; akin to OS. <i>merrian</i>, OHG. <i>marrjan</i>,
<i>merran</i>; cf. D. <i>marren</i>, <i>meeren</i>, to moor a ship,
Icel. <i>merja</i> to bruise, crush, and Goth. <i>marzjan</i> to
offend.  Cf. <u>Moor</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make defective; to do injury to, esp. by cutting off or
defacing a part; to impair; to disfigure; to deface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I pray you <i>mar</i> no more trees with wiring love
songs in their barks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But mirth is <i>marred</i>, and the good cheer is
lost.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ire, envy, and despair<BR>
Which <i>marred</i> all his borrowed visage.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spoil; to ruin.</def> "It makes us, or
it <i>mars</i> us." "Striving to mend, to <i>mar</i> the subject."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mark or blemish made by
bruising, scratching, or the like; a disfigurement.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>m&amacr;ra</i>.] <i>(Hind. Myth.)</i> <def>The principal or ruling
evil spirit.</def>  <i>E. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"ra</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>mara</i>
nightmare, an ogress. See <u>Nightmare</u>.] <i>(Norse Myth.)</i>
<def>A female demon who torments people in sleep by crouching on
their chests or stomachs, or by causing terrifying visions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"ra</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Patagonian cavy (<i>Dolichotis Patagonicus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar`a*bou"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large stork of the
genus <i>Leptoptilos</i> (formerly <i>Ciconia</i>), esp. the African
species (<i>L. crumenifer</i>), which furnishes plumes worn as
ornaments. The Asiatic species (<i>L. dubius</i>, or <i>L.
argala</i>) is the adjutant. See <u>Adjutant</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>marabu</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One having five eighths negro blood; the
offspring of a mulatto and a griffe.</def> [Louisiana]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Marabout"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from Pg.
<i>marabuto</i>, Ar. <i>mor&amacr;bit</i>.  Cf. <u>Maravedi</u>.]
<def>A Mohammedan saint; especially, one who claims to work cures
supernaturally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"a*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Braz.
<i>maracan&aacute;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A macaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*rai"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sacred
inclosure or temple; -- so called by the islanders of the Pacific
Ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar`a*nath"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aramaic
<i>m&amacr;ran ath&amacr;</i>.] <def>"Our Lord cometh;" -- an
expression used by St. Paul at the conclusion of his first Epistle to
the Corinthians (xvi. 22). This word has been used in anathematizing
persons for great crimes; as much as to say, "May the Lord come
quickly to take vengeance of thy crimes." See <i>Anathema
maranatha</i>, under <u>Anathema</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ran"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of endogenous plants found in tropical America, and some
species also in India. They have tuberous roots containing a large
amount of starch, and from one species (<i>Maranta arundinacea</i>)
arrowroot is obtained. Many kinds are cultivated for
ornament.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`ra*schi"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr.
<i>marasca</i>, <i>amarasca</i>, a sour cherry, L. <i>amarus</i>
bitter.] <def>A liqueur distilled from fermented cherry juice, and
flavored with the pit of a variety of cherry which grows in
Dalmatia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ras"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; ,
fr. &?;, to quench, as fire; pass., to die away.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A wasting of flesh without fever or apparent disease; a kind of
consumption; atrophy; phthisis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pining atrophy,<BR>
<i>Marasmus</i>, and wide-wasting pestilence.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Marasmus senilis</b></col> [L.], <cd>progressive atrophy
of the aged.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma*raud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Marauded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Marauding</u>.] [F. <i>marauder</i>, fr. <i>maraud</i> vagabond,
OF. <i>marault</i>; of uncertain origin, perh. for <i>malault</i>,
fr. (assumed) LL. <i>malaldus</i>; fr. L. <i>malus</i> bad, ill + a
suffix of German origin (cf. <u>Herald</u>).  Cf. <u>Malice</u>.]
<def>To rove in quest of plunder; to make an excursion for booty; to
plunder.</def> "<i>Marauding</i> hosts."  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*raud"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An excursion for
plundering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*raud`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Maraud</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>: cf. F. <i>maraudeur</i>.] <def>A rover in quest
of booty or plunder; a plunderer; one who pillages.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar`a*ve"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>maraved&iacute;</i>; -- so called from the
<i>Mor&amacr;bit&imacr;n</i> (lit., the steadfast), an Arabian
dynasty which reigned in Africa and Spain.  Cf. <u>Marabout</u>.]
<i>(Numis.)</i> <def>A small copper coin of Spain, equal to three
mils American money, less than a farthing sterling. Also, an ancient
Spanish gold coin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ble</hw> (m&auml;r"b'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>marbel</i>, <i>marbre</i>, F. <i>marbre</i>, L. <i>marmor</i>, fr.
Gr. <grk>ma`rmaros</grk>, fr. <grk>marmai`rein</grk> to sparkle,
flash.  Cf. <u>Marmoreal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A massive,
compact limestone; a variety of calcite, capable of being polished
and used for architectural and ornamental purposes.  The color varies
from white to black, being sometimes yellow, red, and green, and
frequently beautifully veined or clouded.  The name is also given to
other rocks of like use and appearance, as serpentine or verd antique
marble, and less properly to polished porphyry, granite,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <col><b>Breccia marble</b></col> consists of limestone
fragments cemented together. -- <col><b>Ruin marble</b></col>, when
polished, shows forms resembling ruins, due to disseminated iron
oxide. -- <col><b>Shell marble</b></col> contains fossil shells. --
<col><b>Statuary marble</b></col> is a pure, white, fine-grained
kind, including <i>Parian</i> (from Paros) and <i>Carrara</i> marble.
If coarsely granular it is called <i>saccharoidal</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thing made of, or resembling, marble, as
a work of art, or record, in marble; or, in the plural, a collection
of such works; as, the Arundel or Arundelian <i>marbles</i>; the
Elgin <i>marbles</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A little ball of marble, or of some other
hard substance, used as a plaything by children; or, in the plural, a
child's game played with marbles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Marble</i> is also much used in self-explaining
compounds; when used figuratively in compounds it commonly means,
hard, cold, destitute of compassion or feeling; as, <i>marble-
</i>breasted, <i>marble-</i>faced, <i>marble-</i>hearted.</p>

<p><hw>Mar"ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made of, or resembling, marble; as, a <i>marble</i> mantel;
<i>marble</i> paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cold; hard; unfeeling; as, a <i>marble</i>
breast or heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Marbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Marbling</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>marbrer</i>. See <u>Marble</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To stain or vein like marble; to variegate
in color; as, to <i>marble</i> the edges of a book, or the surface of
paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"bled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made of, or faced with, marble.</def> [Obs.] "The <u>marbled</u>
mansion."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made to resemble marble; veined or spotted
like marble.</def> "<i>Marbled</i> paper."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Varied with irregular
markings, or witch a confused blending of irregular spots and
streaks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ble-edged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
edge veined or spotted with different colors like marble, as a
book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ble*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Marbleized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Marbleizing</u> (?).] <def>To stain or grain in
imitation of marble; to cover with a surface resembling marble; as,
to <i>marbleize</i> slate, wood, or iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"bler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who works upon marble or other stone.</def> [R.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who colors or stains in imitation of
marble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art or practice of variegating in color, in imitation of
marble.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An intermixture of fat and lean in meat,
giving it a marbled appearance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Distinct
markings resembling the variegations of marble, as on birds and
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"bly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing, or
resembling, marble.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mar*bri"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. OF. &
F. <i>marble</i> marble. See <u>Marble</u>.] <def>A cloth woven so as
to imitate the appearance of marble; -- much used in the 15th and
16th centuries.</def>  <i>Beck (Draper's Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Marc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The refuse
matter which remains after the pressure of fruit, particularly of
grapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Marc</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>marc</i>; akin to G.
<i>mark</i>, Icel. <i>m&ouml;rk</i>, perh. akin to E. <i>mark</i> a
sign. &radic;106, 273.] [Written also <i>mark</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A weight of various commodities, esp. of gold
and silver, used in different European countries. In France and
Holland it was equal to eight ounces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coin formerly current in England and
Scotland, equal to thirteen shillings and four pence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A German coin and money of account. See
<u>Mark</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"can*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>mercatante</i>. See <u>Merchant</u>.] <def>A merchant.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ca*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>marcassite</i>; cf. It. <i>marcassita</i>, Sp. <i>marquesita</i>,
Pg. <i>marquezita</i>; all fr. Ar. <i>marqash&imacr;tha</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A sulphide of iron resembling pyrite or common
iron pyrites in composition, but differing in form; white iron
pyrites.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Golden marcasite</b></col>, <cd>tin.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mar`ca*sit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mar`ca*sit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing, or having the nature of,
marcasite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*cas"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>A young wild boar.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mar*ca"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>In a marked emphatic manner; -- used adverbially as a
direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"cel*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>marcidus</i> withered, fr. <i>marcere</i> to wither, shrivel.]
<def>A thin silk fabric used for linings, etc., in ladies'
dresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*ces"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>marcescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>marcescere</i> to wither, decay, fr.
<i>marcere</i> to wither, droop: cf. F. <i>marcescent</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Withering without falling off; fading;
decaying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*ces"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>marcescible</i>.] <def>Liable to wither or decay.</def></p>

<p><hw>March</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Martius mensis</i>
Mars'month fr. <i>Martius</i> belonging to <i>Mars</i>, the god of
war: cf. F. <i>mars</i>.  Cf. <u>Martial</u>.] <def>The third month
of the year, containing thirty-one days.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stormy <i>March</i> is come at last,<BR>
With wind, and cloud, and changing skies.</blockquote>
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><col><b>As mad as a March Hare</b></col>, <cd>an old English
Saying derived from the fact that March is the rutting time of hares,
when they are excitable and violent.</cd>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>March</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>marche</i>, F.
<i>marche</i>; of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>marcha</i>, G.
<i>mark</i>, akin to OS. <i>marka</i>, AS. <i>mearc</i>, Goth.
<i>marka</i>, L. <i>margo</i> edge, border, margin, and possibly to
E. <i>mark</i> a sign. &radic;106.  Cf. <u>Margin</u>,
<u>Margrave</u>, <u>Marque</u>, <u>Marquis</u>.] <def>A territorial
border or frontier; a region adjacent to a boundary line; a confine;
-- used chiefly in the plural, and in English history applied
especially to the border land on the frontiers between England and
Scotland, and England and Wales.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Geneva is situated in the <i>marches</i> of several
dominions -- France, Savoy, and Switzerland.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lords of waste <i>marches</i>, kings of desolate
isles.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>March</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>marchir</i>.
See 2d <u>March</u>.] <def>To border; to be contiguous; to lie side
by side.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That was in a strange land<BR>
Which <i>marcheth</i> upon Chimerie.</blockquote> <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To march with</b></col>, <cd>to have the same boundary for
a greater or less distance; -- said of an estate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>March</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Marched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Marching</u>.] [F. <i>marcher</i>, in OF. also, to tread, prob.
fr. L. <i>marcus</i> hammer.  Cf. <u>Mortar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To move with regular steps, as a soldier; to walk in a grave,
deliberate, or stately manner; to advance steadily.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To proceed by walking in a body or in
military order; as, the German army <u>marched</u> into
France.</def></p>

<p><hw>March</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to move with
regular steps in the manner of a soldier; to cause to move in
military array, or in a body, as troops; to cause to advance in a
steady, regular, or stately manner; to cause to go by peremptory
command, or by force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>March</i> them again in fair array.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>March</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>marche</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of marching; a movement of soldiers
from one stopping place to another; military progress; advance of
troops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These troops came to the army harassed with a long and
wearisome <i>march</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Measured and regular advance or
movement, like that of soldiers moving in order; stately or
deliberate walk; steady onward movement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With solemn <i>march</i><BR>
Goes slow and stately by them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This happens merely because men will not bide their
time, but will insist on precipitating the <i>march</i> of
affairs.</blockquote> <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The distance passed over in marching; as,
an hour's <i>march</i>; a <i>march</i> of twenty miles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece of music designed or fitted to
accompany and guide the movement of troops; a piece of music in the
march form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The drums presently striking up a
<i>march</i>.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make a march</b></col>, <i>(Card Playing)</i>, <cd>to
take all the tricks of a hand, in the game of euchre.</cd></p>

<p><hw>March"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
marches.</def></p>

<p><hw>March"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>March</u>.]
<def>The lord or officer who defended the marches or borders of a
territory.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mar"chet</hw> (?), <hw>Mer"chet</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>marcheta</i>; of uncertain origin.]
<def>In old English and in Scots law, a fine paid to the lord of the
soil by a tenant upon the marriage of one the tenant's
daughters.</def></p>

<p><hw>March"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>, fr.
<u>March</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Marching money</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the additional
pay of officer or soldier when his regiment is marching.</cd> --
<col><b>In marching order</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>equipped for a
march.</cd> -- <col><b>Marching regiment</b></col>. <i>(Mil.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A regiment in active service</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In England, a regiment liable to be ordered
into other quarters, at home or abroad; a regiment of the
line.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"chion*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>marchionissa</i>, fr. <i>marchio</i> a marquis. See
<i>Marquis</i>.] <def>The wife or the widow of a marquis; a woman who
has the rank and dignity of a marquis.</def>  <i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>March"-mad`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Extremely
rash; foolhardy. See under <u>March</u>, the month.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>March"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person living
in the marches between England and Scotland or Wales.</def></p>

<p><hw>March"pane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>marzapane</i>,Sp. <i>pan</i>,. <i>massepain</i>, prob. fr. L.
<i>maza</i> frumenty (Gr. <grk>ma^za</grk>) + L. <i>panis</i> bread;
but perh. the first part of the word is from the name of the
inventor.] <def>A kind of sweet bread or biscuit; a cake of pounded
almonds and sugar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>March"-ward`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A warden of
the marches; a marcher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Under the
influence of Mars; courageous; bold.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>marcidus</i>,
fr. <i>marcere</i> to wither, pine.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pining;
lean; withered.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by emaciation, as a
fever.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar*cid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>marciditas</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being withered or
lean.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 895 !></p>

<p><hw>Mar"cion*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist)</i> <def>A follower of <i>Marcion</i>, a Gnostic of the second
century, who adopted the Oriental notion of the two conflicting
principles, and imagined that between them there existed a third
power, neither wholly good nor evil, the Creator of the world and of
man, and the God of the Jewish dispensation.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mar`co*brun"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>Marcobrunner</i>.] <def>A celebrated Rhine wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mar"cor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>marcere</i> to wither.] <def>A wasting away of flesh; decay.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar*co"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of a Gnostic sect of the second century, so
called from <i>Marcus</i>, an Egyptian, who was reputed to be a
margician.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mar"di` gras"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., literally,
fat Tuesday.] <def>The last day of Carnival; Shrove Tuesday; -- in
some cities a great day of carnival and merrymaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mare</hw> (m&acirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mere</i>,
AS.  <i>mere</i>, <i>myre</i>, fem of AS. <i>mearh</i> horse, akin to
D. <i>merrie</i> mare, G. <i>m&auml;hre</i>, OHG. <i>marah</i> horse,
<i>meriha</i> mare, Icel. <i>marr</i> horse, OCelt. <i>marka</i>
(Pausan. 19, 19,4), Ir. <i>marc</i>, W. <i>march</i>.  Cf.
<u>Marshal</u>.] <def>The female of the horse and other equine
quadrupeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mara</i> incubus; akin
to OHG. &amp; Icel. <i>mara</i>; cf. Pol. <i>mora</i>, Bohem.
<i>m&uring;ra</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Sighing, suffocative panting,
intercepted utterance, with a sense of pressure across the chest,
occurring during sleep; the incubus; -- obsolete, except in the
compound <i>nightmare</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will ride thee o' nights like the
<i>mare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mare"chal Niel"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>A kind of large yellow
rose.</def> [Written also <i>Marshal Niel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mar"eis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Marsh.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*re"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Salmo
maraena</i>, G. <i>mar&auml;ne</i>, <i>mor&auml;ne</i>; -- so called
from Lake <i>Morin</i>, in the March of Brandenburg, in Prussia.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European whitefish of the genus
<i>Coregonus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mare"schal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>mareschal</i>, F. <i>mar&eacute;chal</i>. See <u>Marshal</u>.]
<def>A military officer of high rank; a marshal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mare's"-nest`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A supposed
discovery which turns out to be a hoax; something grossly
absurd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mare's"-tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long streaky cloud, spreading out like a
horse's tail, and believed to indicate rain; a cirrus cloud. See
<u>Cloud</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mackerel sky and <i>mare's-tails</i><BR>
Make tall ships carry low sails.</blockquote> <i>Old Rhyme.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aquatic plant of the
genus <i>Hippuris</i> (<i>H. vulgaris</i>), having narrow leaves in
whorls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ga*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>margarate</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A compound of the so-
called margaric acid with a base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*gar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>margarique</i>. See <u>Margarite</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, pearl; pearly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Margaric acid</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <cd>A fatty body, crystallizing in pearly scales, and
obtained by digesting saponified fats (soaps) with an acid. It was
formerly supposed to be an individual fatty acid, but is now known to
be simply an intimate mixture of stearic and palmitic acids.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>A white, crystalline
substance, C<sub>17</sub>H<sub>34</sub>O<sub>2</sub> of the fatty
acid series, intermediate between palmitic and stearic acids, and
obtained from the wax of certain lichens, from cetyl cyanide, and
other sources.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ga*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>margarine</i>. See <u>Margarite</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>A fatty substance, extracted from animal fats and certain
vegetable oils, formerly supposed to be a definite compound of
glycerin and margaric acid, but now known to be simply a mixture or
combination of tristearin and tripalmitin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar`ga*ri*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, pearl; pearly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ga*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>margarita</i>, Gr. &?; a pearl; cf. F. <i>marguerite</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pearl.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral related to the
micas, but low in silica and yielding brittle folia with pearly
luster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar`ga*rit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>margaritique</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>Margaric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar`ga*ri*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>margaritifer</i>; <i>margarita</i> pearl + <i>ferre</i> to bear:
cf. F. <i>margaritif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Producing pearls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*gar"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; pearl-
like.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hidrous potash mica related to
muscovite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ga*rone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Margar</i>ic +
<i>-one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The ketone of margaric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ga*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Margaric; -- formerly designating a supposed acid.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mar"gate fish"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sparoid
fish (<i>Diabasis aurolineatus</i>) of the Gulf of Mexico, esteemed
as a food fish; -- called also <i>red-mouth grunt</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"gay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An American wild cat (<i>Felis tigrina</i>), ranging from Mexico
to Brazil. It is spotted with black. Called also <i>long-tailed
cat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Marge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>marge</i>. See
<u>Margin</u>.] <def>Border; margin; edge; verge.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Along the river's stony <i>marge</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. See
<u>Margin</u>.] <def>A margin; border; brink; edge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The beached <i>margent</i> of the sea.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"gent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enter or note
down upon the margin of a page; to margin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mir. for
Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>margine</i>,
<i>margent</i>, L. <i>margo</i>, <i>ginis</i>.  Cf. <u>March</u> a
border, <u>Marge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A border; edge; brink;
verge; as, the <i>margin</i> of a river or lake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: The part of a page at the
edge left uncovered in writing or printing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The difference between the
cost and the selling price of an article.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something allowed, or reserved, for that
which can not be foreseen or known with certainty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Brokerage)</i> <def>Collateral security
deposited with a broker to secure him from loss on contracts entered
into by him on behalf of his principial, as in the speculative buying
and selling of stocks, wheat, etc.</def>  <i>N. Biddle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Margin draft</b></col> <i>(Masonry)</i>, <cd>a smooth cut
margin on the face of hammer-dressed ashlar, adjacent to the
joints.</cd> -- <col><b>Margin of a course</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>that part of a course, as of slates or shingles, which is not
covered by the course immediately above it. See 2d
<u>Gauge</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Border; brink; verge; brim; rim.</p>

<p><hw>Mar"gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Margined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Marginging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a
margin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter in the margin of a
page.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"gin*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>marginal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
margin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Written or printed in the margin; as, a
<i>marginal</i> note or gloss.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mar`gi*na"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Marginal notes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"gin*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the margin
of a book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"gin*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>marginatus</i>, p. p. of <i>marginare</i> to margin. See
<u>Margin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Having a margin distinct in
appearance or structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"gin*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish
with a distinct margin; to margin.</def> [R.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"gin*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Marginate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"gined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a margin.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bordered with a
distinct line of color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mar`gi*nel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of
L. <i>margo</i>, <i>marginis</i>, a margin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of small, polished, marine univalve shells, native of
all warm seas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"gin*i*ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>margo</i>, <i>-ginis</i>, margin + <i>caedere</i> to cut.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Dehiscent by the separation of united carpels; --
said of fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*go"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>amargoso</i>
bitter.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large tree of the genus <i>Melia</i>
(<i>M. Azadirachta</i>) found in India. Its bark is bitter, and used
as a tonic. A valuable oil is expressed from its seeds, and a
tenacious gum exudes from its trunk. The <i>M. Azedarach</i> is a
much more showy tree, and is cultivated in the Southern United
States, where it is known as <i>Pride of India</i>, <i>Pride of
China</i>, or <i>bead tree</i>. Various parts of the tree are
considered anthelmintic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>margosa</i> oil . . . is a most valuable balsam
for wounds, having a peculiar smell which prevents the attacks of
flies.</blockquote> <i>Sir S. Baker.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mar"gra*vate</hw> (?), <hw>Mar*gra"vi*ate</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>margraviat</i>.] <def>The territory
or jurisdiction of a margrave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"grave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>markgraf</i>,
prop., lord chief justice of the march; <i>mark</i> bound, border,
march + <i>graf</i> earl, count, lord chief justice; cf. Goth.
<i>gagr&euml;fts</i> decree: cf. D. <i>markgraaf</i>, F.
<i>margrave</i>. See <u>March</u> border, and cf. <u>Landgrave</u>,
<u>Graff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a lord or keeper
of the borders or marches in Germany.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The English equivalent of the German title
of nobility, <i>markgraf</i>; a marquis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"gra*vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>markgr&auml;fin</i>: cf. F. <i>margrafine</i>.] <def>The wife of a
margrave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"gue*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a pearl, a
daisy. See <u>Margarite</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The daisy (<i>Bellis
perennis</i>). The name is often applied also to the ox-eye daisy and
to the China aster.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
Virgin Mary, or sometimes to Mary, Queen of England, daughter of
Henry VIII.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of all the <i>Marian</i> martyrs, Mr. Philpot was the
best-born gentleman.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Maid Marian</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Maidmarian</u> in the
Vocabulary.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Mar"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Marry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"i*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mariette</i>,
prop. dim. of <i>Marie</i> Mary.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of
bellflower, <i>Companula Trachelium</i>, once called <i>Viola
Mariana</i>; but it is not a violet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*rig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mare</i>
the sea + <i>-genous</i>.] <def>Produced in or by the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"i*gold</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mary</i> +
<i>gold</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name for several plants with
golden yellow blossoms, especially the <i>Calendula officinalis</i>
(see <u>Calendula</u>), and the cultivated species of
<i>Tagetes</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are several yellow-flowered plants of different
genera bearing this name; as, the <i>African or French marigold</i>
of the genus <i>Tagetes</i>, of which several species and many
varieties are found in gardens. They are mostly strong-smelling herbs
from South America and Mexico: <i>bur marigold</i>, of the genus
<i>Bidens</i>; <i>corn marigold</i>, of the genus
<i>Chrysanthemum</i> (<i>C. segetum</i>, a pest in the cornfields of
Italy); <i>fig marigold</i>, of the genus <i>Mesembryanthemum</i>;
<i>marsh marigold</i>, of the genus <i>Caltha</i> (<i>C.
palustris</i>), commonly known in America as the <i>cowslip</i>. See
<u>Marsh Marigold</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Marigold window</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See <i>Rose
window</i>, under <u>Rose</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar`i*ki"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name: cf. Pg. <i>mariquinha</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>A small
marmoset (<i>Midas rosalia</i>); the silky tamarin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*rim"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.] <def>A
musical istrument of percussion, consisting of bars yielding musical
tones when struck.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mar`i*mon"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spider monkey (<i>Ateles belzebuth</i>) of
Central and South America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar`i*nade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.: cf. It.
<i>marinato</i> marinade, F. <i>mariner</i> to preserve food for use
at sea. See <u>Marinate</u>.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A brine or pickle
containing wine and spices, for enriching the flavor of meat and
fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Marine</u>, and cf. <u>Marinade</u>.] <def>To salt or pickle, as
fish, and then preserve in oil or vinegar; to prepare by the use of
marinade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*rine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>marinus</i>,
fr. <i>mare</i> the sea: cf. F. <i>marin</i>. See <u>Mere</u> a
pool.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the sea; having to
do with the ocean, or with navigation or naval affairs; nautical; as,
<i>marine</i> productions or bodies; <i>marine</i> shells; a
<i>marine</i> engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Formed by the action of the
currents or waves of the sea; as, <i>marine</i> deposits.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Marine acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>hydrochloric
acid.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Marine barometer</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Barometer</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Marine corps</b></col>, <cd>a
corps formed of the officers, noncommissioned officers, privates, and
musicants of marines.</cd> -- <col><b>Marine engine</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a steam engine for propelling a vessel.</cd> --
<col><b>Marine glue</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Glue</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Marine insurance</b></col>, <cd>insurance against the perils
of the sea, including also risks of fire, piracy, and barratry.</cd>
-- <col><b>Marine interest</b></col>, <cd>interest at any rate agreed
on for money lent upon respondentia and bottomry bonds.</cd> --
<col><b>Marine law</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Law</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Marine league</b></col>, <cd>three geographical miles.</cd> -
- <col><b>Marine metal</b></col>, <cd>an alloy of lead, antimony, and
mercury, made for sheathing ships.</cd> <i>Mc Elrath.</i> --
<col><b>Marine soap</b></col>, <cd>cocoanut oil soap; -- so called
because, being quite soluble in salt water, it is much used on
shipboard.</cd> -- <col><b>Marine store</b></col>, <cd>a store where
old canvas, ropes, etc., are bought and sold; a junk shop.</cd>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ma*rine"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>marin</i> a sea
solider, <i>marine</i> naval economy, a marine picture, fr. L.
<i>marinus</i>. See <u>Marine</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A solider serving on shipboard; a sea
soldier; one of a body of troops trained to do duty in the
navy.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sum of naval affairs; naval economy;
the department of navigation and sea forces; the collective shipping
of a country; as, the mercantile <i>marine</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A picture representing some marine
subject.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tell that to the marines</b></col>, <cd>an expression of
disbelief, the <i>marines</i> being regarded by sailors as
credulous.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Ma*rined"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>marin&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having the lower part of
the body like a fish.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"i*ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>marinier</i>,
LL. <i>marinarius</i>. See <u>Marine</u>.] <def>One whose occupation
is to assist in navigating ships; a seaman or sailor.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mariner's compass</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Compass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"i*ner*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Seamanship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Udalt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar`i*no*ra"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>marinus</i> marine + Gr. &?; view.] <def>A representation of a sea
view.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma`ri*ol"a*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Mariolatry</u>.] <def>One who worships the Virgin Mary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma`ri*ol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; Mary +
&?; worship.] <def>The worship of the Virgin Mary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar`i*o*nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>marionette</i>, prop. a dim. of <i>Marie</i> Mary.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A puppet moved by strings, as in a puppet
show.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The buffel
duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma`ri*otte's law`</hw> (?). <i>(Physics.)</i> <def>See
<i>Boyle's law</i>, under <u>Law</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma`ri*po"sa lil`y</hw> (?). [Sp. <i>mariposa</i> a butterfly +
E. <i>lily</i>. So called from the gay appearance of the blossoms.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of a genus (<i>Calochortus</i>) of tuliplike
bulbous herbs with large, and often gaycolored, blossoms. Called also
<i>butterfly lily</i>. Most of them are natives of
California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"i*put</hw> (m&abreve;r"&ibreve;*p&ubreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of civet; the
zoril.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ish</hw> (m&abreve;r"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>marais</i>, LL. <i>marascus</i>. See <u>Marsh</u>.]
<def>Low, wet ground; a marsh; a fen; a bog; a moor.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Milton. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moory; fenny; boggy.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Growing in marshes.</def> "<i>Marish</i>
flowers."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"i*tal</hw> (m&abreve;r"&ibreve;*t<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>maritalis</i>, fr. <i>maritus</i>
belonging to marriage, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, a husband. See
<u>Marry</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Of or pertaining to a
husband; as, <i>marital</i> rights, duties, authority.</def>
"<i>Marital</i> affection."  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"i*ta`ted</hw> (m&abreve;r"&ibreve;*t&amacr;`t&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>maritatus</i> married.] <def>Having a
husband; married.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*rit"i*mal</hw>, <hw>Ma*rit"i*male</hw>  }
(m&adot;*r&ibreve;t"&ibreve;*m<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Maritime</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mar"i*time</hw> (m&abreve;r"&ibreve;*t&ibreve;m; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>maritimus</i>, fr. <i>mare</i> the sea:
cf. F. <i>maritime</i>. See <u>Mere</u> a pool.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bordering on, or situated near, the ocean; connected with the
sea by site, interest, or power; having shipping and commerce or a
navy; as, <i>maritime</i> states.</def> "A <i>maritime</i> town."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the ocean; marine;
pertaining to navigation and naval affairs, or to shipping and
commerce by sea.</def> "<i>Maritime</i> service."  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Maritime law</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Law</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Maritime loan</b></col>, <cd>a loan secured by bottomry or
respodentia bonds.</cd> -- <col><b>Martime nations</b></col>,
<cd>nations having seaports, and using the sea more or less for war
or commerce.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"jo*ram</hw> (m&auml;r"j&osl;*r<i>a</i>m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>majoran</i>, F. <i>marjolaine</i>, LL.
<i>marjoraca</i>, fr. L. <i>amaracus</i>, <i>amaracum</i>, Gr.
<grk>'ama`rakos</grk>, <grk>'ama`rakon</grk>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of mintlike plants (<i>Origanum</i>) comprising about twenty-
five species.  The sweet marjoram (<i>O. Majorana</i>) is pecularly
aromatic and fragrant, and much used in cookery.  The wild marjoram
of Europe and America is <i>O. vulgare</i>, far less fragrant than
the other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mark</hw> (m&auml;rk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A license of
reprisals. See <u>Marque</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mark</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Marc</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An old weight and coin. See
<u>Marc</u>.</def> "Lend me a <i>mark</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The unit of monetary account of the German
Empire, equal to 23.8 cents of United States money; the equivalent of
one hundred pfennigs.  Also, a silver coin of this value.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mark</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>marke</i>,
<i>merke</i>, AS. <i>mearc</i>; akin to D. <i>merk</i>, MHG.
<i>marc</i>, G. <i>marke</i>, Icel. <i>mark</i>, Dan.
<i>m&aelig;rke</i>; cf. Lith. <i>margas</i> party-colored.
&radic;106, 273.  Cf. <u>Remark</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
visible sign or impression made or left upon anything; esp., a line,
point, stamp, figure, or the like, drawn or impressed, so as to
attract the attention and convey some information or intimation; a
token; a trace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord set a <i>mark</i> upon Cain, lest any finding
him should kill him.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iv. 15.</i></p>

<p><! p. 896 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
character or device put on an article of merchandise by the maker to
show by whom it was made; a trade-mark.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A character (usually a cross) made as a substitute for a
signature by one who can not write.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mark</i> of the artisan is found upon the most
ancient fabrics that have come to light.</blockquote>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fixed object serving for guidance, as of
a ship, a traveler, a surveyor, etc.; as, a sea<i>mark</i>, a
land<i>mark</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A trace, dot, line, imprint, or
discoloration, although not regarded as a token or sign; a scratch,
scar, stain, etc.; as, this pencil makes a fine
<i>mark</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have some <i>marks</i> of yours upon my
pate.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An evidence of presence, agency, or
influence; a significative token; a symptom; a trace; specifically, a
permanent impression of one's activity or character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The confusion of tongues was a <i>mark</i> of
separation.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That toward which a missile is directed; a
thing aimed at; what one seeks to hit or reach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>France was a fairer <i>mark</i> to shoot at than
Ireland.</blockquote> <i>Davies.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whate'er the motive, pleasure is the
<i>mark</i>.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Attention, regard, or respect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As much in mock as <i>mark</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Limit or standard of action or fact; as,
to be within the <i>mark</i>; to come up to the
<i>mark</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Badge or sign of honor, rank, or official
station.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the official <i>marks</i> invested, you<BR>
Anon do meet the Senate.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Pre&euml;minence; high position; as,
patricians of <i>mark</i>; a fellow of no <i>mark</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A characteristic or
essential attribute; a differential.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A number or other character used in
registering; as, examination <i>marks</i>; a <i>mark</i> for
tardiness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Image; likeness; hence, those formed in
one's image; children; descendants.</def> [Obs.] "All the <i>mark</i>
of Adam."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of the bits of leather
or colored bunting which are placed upon a sounding line at intervals
of from two to five fathoms.  The unmarked fathoms are called
"deeps."</def></p>

<p><col><b>A man of mark</b></col>, <cd>a conspicuous or eminent
man.</cd> -- <col><b>To make one's mark</b></col>. <i>(a)</i> <cd>To
sign, as a letter or other writing, by making a cross or other
mark.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To make a distinct or lasting
impression on the public mind, or on affairs; to gain
distinction.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impress; impression; stamp; print; trace; vestige;
track; characteristic; evidence; proof; token; badge; indication;
symptom.</p>

<p><hw>Mark</hw> (m&auml;rk), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Marked</u> (m&auml;rkt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Marking</u>.] [OE. <i>marken</i>, <i>merken</i>, AS.
<i>mearcian</i>, from <i>mearc</i>. See <u>Mark</u> the sign.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put a mark upon; to affix a significant
mark to; to make recognizable by a mark; as, to <i>mark</i> a box or
bale of merchandise; to <i>mark</i> clothing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be a mark upon; to designate; to
indicate; -- used literally and figuratively; as, this monument
<i>marks</i> the spot where Wolfe died; his courage and energy
<i>marked</i> him for a leader.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To leave a trace, scratch, scar, or other
mark, upon, or any evidence of action; as, a pencil <i>marks</i>
paper; his hobnails <i>marked</i> the floor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To keep account of; to enumerate and
register; as, to <i>mark</i> the points in a game of billiards or
cards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To notice or observe; to give attention
to; to take note of; to remark; to heed; to regard.</def>
"<i>Mark</i> the perfect man."  <i>Ps. xxxvii. 37.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To mark out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
designate, as by a mark; to select; as, the ringleaders were
<i>marked out</i> for punishment</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
obliterate or cancel with a mark; as, to <i>mark out</i> an item in
an account.</cd> -- <col><b>To mark time</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>to keep the time of a marching step by moving the legs
alternately without advancing.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To note; remark; notice; observe; regard; heed;
show; evince; indicate; point out; betoken; denote; characterize;
stamp; imprint; impress; brand.</p>

<p><hw>Mark</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take particular
notice; to observe critically; to note; to remark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mark</i>, I pray you, and see how this man seeketh
mischief.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xx. 7.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mark"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Remarkable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Marked</hw> (m&auml;rkt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designated
or distinguished by, or as by, a mark; hence; noticeable;
conspicuous; as, a <i>marked</i> card; a <i>marked</i> coin; a
<i>marked</i> instance.</def> -- <wf>Mark"ed*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A marked man</b></col>, <cd>a man who is noted by a
community, or by a part of it, as, for excellence or depravity; --
usually with an unfavorable suggestion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar*kee"</hw> (m&auml;r*k&emacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Marquee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mark"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who or that
which marks.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who
keeps account of a game played, as of billiards.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A counter used in card playing and other
games.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The soldier who
forms the pilot of a wheeling column, or marks the direction of an
alignment.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>An attachment to a sewing
machine for marking a line on the fabric by creasing it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D.
<i>markt</i>, OHG. <i>mark&amacr;t</i>, <i>merk&amacr;t</i>, G.
<i>markt</i>; all fr.L. <i>mercatus</i> trade, market place, fr.
<i>mercari</i>, p. p. <i>mercatus</i>, to trade, traffic,
<i>merx</i>, <i>mercis</i>, ware, merchandise, prob. akin to
<i>merere</i> to deserve, gain, acquire: cf. F. <i>march&eacute;</i>.
See <u>Merit</u>, and cf. <u>Merchant</u>, <u>Mart</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A meeting together of people, at a stated
time and place, for the purpose of traffic (as in cattle, provisions,
wares, etc.) by private purchase and sale, and not by auction; as, a
<i>market</i> is held in the town every week.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is wit's peddler; and retails his wares<BR>
At wakes, and wassails, meetings, <i>markets</i>, fairs.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Three women and a goose make a
<i>market</i>.</blockquote> <i>Old Saying.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A public place (as an open space in a
town) or a large building, where a market is held; a market place or
market house; esp., a place where provisions are sold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is at Jerusalem by the sheep <i>market</i> a
pool.</blockquote> <i>John v. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An opportunity for selling anything;
demand, as shown by price offered or obtainable; a town, region, or
country, where the demand exists; as, to find a <i>market</i> for
one's wares; there is no <i>market</i> for woolen cloths in that
region; India is a <i>market</i> for English goods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a third thing to be considered: how a
<i>market</i> can be created for produce, or how production can be
limited to the capacities of the <i>market</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Exchange, or purchase and sale; traffic;
as, a dull <i>market</i>; a slow <i>market</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The price for which a thing is sold in a
market; market price. Hence: Value; worth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What is a man<BR>
If his chief good and <i>market</i> of his time<BR>
Be but to sleep and feed ?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The privelege granted to
a town of having a public market.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Market</i> is often used adjectively, or in forming
compounds of obvious meaning; as, <i>market</i> basket, <i>market</i>
day, <i>market</i> folk, <i>market</i> house, <i>market</i>man,
<i>market</i> place, <i>market</i> price, <i>market</i> rate,
<i>market</i> wagon, <i>market</i> woman, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Market beater</b></col>, <cd>a swaggering bully; a noisy
braggart.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Market
bell</b></col>, <cd>a bell rung to give notice that buying and
selling in a market may begin.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Market cross</b></col>, <cd>a cross set up where a market is
held.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Market garden</b></col>, <cd>a
garden in which vegetables are raised for market.</cd> --
<col><b>Market gardening</b></col>, <cd>the raising of vegetables for
market.</cd> -- <col><b>Market place</b></col>, <cd>an open square or
place in a town where markets or public sales are held.</cd> --
<col><b>Market town</b></col>, <cd>a town that has the privilege of a
stated public market.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Marketed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Marketing</u>.] <def>To deal in a market; to buy or sell; to make
bargains for provisions or goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ket</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To expose for sale
in a market; to traffic in; to sell in a market, and in an extended
sense, to sell in any manner; as, most of the farmes have
<i>marketed</i> their crops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Industrious merchants meet, and <i>market</i>
there<BR>
The world's collected wealth.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ket*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fit to be offered for sale in a market; such
as may be justly and lawfully sold; as, dacayed provisions are not
<i>marketable</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Current in market; as, <i>marketable</i>
value.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wanted by purchasers; salable; as, furs
are not <i>marketable</i> in that country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ket*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being marketable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ket*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who attends
a market to buy or sell; one who carries goods to market.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ket*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of selling or of purchasing in, or as in, a
market.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Articles in, or from, a market;
supplies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ket*stead</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Market</i> +
<i>stead</i> a place.] <def>A market place.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mark"hoor`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>m&amacr;r-kh&?;r</i> snake eater.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large wild goat (<i>Capra megaceros</i>), having huge flattened
spiral horns. It inhabits the mountains of Northern India and
Cashmere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mark"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one
who, or that which, marks; the mark or marks made; arrangement or
disposition of marks or coloring; as, the <i>marking</i> of a bird's
plumage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Marking ink</b></col>, <cd>indelible ink, because used in
marking linen.</cd> -- <col><b>Marking nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the nut of the <i>Semecarpus Anacardium</i>, an East Indian tree.
The shell of the nut yields a blackish resinous juice used for
marking cotton cloth, and an oil prepared from it is used for
rheumatism.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"kis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A marquis.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"kis*esse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
marchioness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mark"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A marksman.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Marks"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Marksmen</b></plw> (#). [Earlier <i>markman</i>; <i>mark</i>
+ <i>man</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One skillful to hit a mark
with a missile; one who shoots well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who makes his mark,
instead of writing his name, in signing documents.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Marks"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Skill of a
marksman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Marl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Marline</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To cover, as part of a rope, with marline,
marking a pecular hitch at each turn to prevent unwinding.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Marling spike</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Marline</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Marl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>marle</i>, F.
<i>marne</i>, LL. <i>margila</i>, dim. of L. <i>marga</i> marl.
Originally a Celtic word, according to Pliny, xvii. 7: "Quod genus
terr&aelig; Galli et Britanni <i>margam</i> vocant." &radic;274.]
<def>A mixed earthy substance, consisting of carbonate of lime, clay,
and sand, in very variable proportions, and accordingly designated as
calcareous, clayey, or sandy. See <u>Greensand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Marl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Marled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Marling</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>marner</i>. See <u>Marl</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To overspread or manure with marl; as, to
<i>marl</i> a field.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
marl; partaking of the qualities of marl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The American great marbled godwit (<i>Limosa fedoa</i>). Applied
also to the red-breasted godwit (<i>Limosa
h&aelig;matica</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hook-billed marlin</b></col>, <cd>a curlew.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LG. <i>marlien</i>,
<i>marling</i>, or D. <i>marling</i>, <i>marlijn</i>, fr. D.
<i>marren</i> to tie, prob. akin to E. <i>moor</i>, v., and
<i>lijn</i> line: cf.F. <i>merlin</i>. See <u>Moor</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Line</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small line
composed of two strands a little twisted, used for winding around
ropes and cables, to prevent their being weakened by
fretting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Marline spike</b></col>, <col><b>Marling spike</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an iron tool tapering to a point, used to
separate the strands of a rope in splicing and in marling. It has an
eye in the thick end to which a lanyard is attached. See
<u>Fid</u>.</cd> [Written also <i>marlin spike</i>] --
<col><b>Marline-spike bird</b></col>. [The name alludes to the long
middle tail feathers.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
tropic bird.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A jager, or skua
gull.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>merliner</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To wind marline around; as, to
<i>marline</i> a rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Marl"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>marlite</i>. See <u>Marl</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A variety of marl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of
the qualites of marlite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Marl"pit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Apit where marl
is dug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Marl"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A sandy calcareous straum, containing, or impregnated with,
iron, and lying between the upper and lower Lias of
England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Marl"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Marlier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Marliest</u>.] <def>Consisting or
partaking of marl; resembling marl; abounding with marl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ma*lade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>marmelade</i>, Pg. <i>marmelada</i>, fr. <i>marm&eacute;lo</i> a
quince, fr. L. <i>melimelum</i> honey apple, Gr. &?; a sweet apple,
an apple grafted on a quince; &?; honey + &?; apple.  Cf.
<u>Mellifluous</u>, <u>Melon</u>.] <def>A preserve or confection made
of the pulp of fruit, as the quince, pear, apple, orange, etc.,
boiled with sugar, and brought to a jamlike consistence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Marmalade tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a sapotaceous
tree (<i>Lucuma mammosa</i>) of the West Indies and Tropical America.
It has large obovate leaves and an egg-shaped fruit from three to
five inches long, containing a pleasant-flavored pulp and a single
large seed. The fruit is called <i>marmalade</i>, or <i>natural
marmalade</i>, from its consistency and flavor.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Mar"ma*let`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Marmalade</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mar"ma*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>marmatite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A ferruginous variety of
shalerite or zinc blende, nearly black in color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"mo*lite</hw> (-m&osl;*l&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>maramai`rein</grk> to sparkle + <i>-lite</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A thin, laminated variety of serpentine, usually
of a pale green color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar`mo*ra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>marmor</i> marble. See <u>Marble</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or
like, marble.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mar"mo*rate</hw> (?), <hw>Mar"mo*ra`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>marmoratus</i>, p. p. of <i>marmorate</i>
to overlay with marble, fr. <i>marmor</i> marble.] <def>Variegated
like marble; covered or overlaid with marble.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mar`mo*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>marmoratio</i>.] <def>A covering or incrusting with marble; a
casing of marble; a variegating so as to resemble marble.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mar`mo*ra`tum o"pus</hw> (?). [L. See <u>Marmorate</u>, and
<u>Opus</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A kind of hard finish for
plasterwork, made of plaster of Paris and marble dust, and capable of
taking a high polish.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mar*mo"re*al</hw> (?), <hw>Mar*mo"re*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>marmoreus</i>, fr. <i>marmor</i> marble:
cf. F. <i>marmor&eacute;en</i>. See <u>Marble</u>.] <def>Pertaining
to, or resembling, marble; made of marble.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mar`mo*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The metamorphism of limestone, that is, its
conversion into marble.</def>  <i>Geikie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"mose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of small opossum (<i>Didelphus
murina</i>) ranging from Mexico to Brazil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"mo*set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>marmouset</i> a grotesque figure, an ugly little boy, prob. fr.
LL. <i>marmoretum</i>, fr. L. <i>marmor</i> marble. Perhaps confused
with <i>marmot</i>. See <u>Marble</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of numerous species of small South American monkeys of the genera
<i>Hapale</i> and <i>Midas</i>, family <i>Hapalid&aelig;</i>. They
have long soft fur, and a hairy, nonprehensile tail. They are often
kept as pets. Called also <i>squirrel monkey</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"mot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>marmotta</i>,
<i>marmotto</i>, prob. fr. L. <i>mus montanus</i>, or <i>mus
montis</i>, lit., mountain mouse or rat. See <u>Mountain</u>, and
<u>Mouse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any rodent
of the genus <i>Arctomys</i>. The common European marmot (<i>A.
marmotta</i>) is about the size of a rabbit, and inhabits the higher
regions of the Alps and Pyrenees. The bobac is another European
species. The common American species (<i>A. monax</i>) is the
woodchuck.</def> </p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any one of several species of ground
squirrels or gophers of the genus <i>Spermophilus</i>; also, the
prairie dog.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Marmot squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
ground squirrel or spermophile.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie
marmot</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Prairie dog</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"mottes oil`</hw> (?). <def>A fine oil obtained from the
kernel of <i>Prunus brigantiaca</i>. It is used instead of olive or
almond oil.</def>  <i>De Colange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"mo*zet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Marmoset</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*rone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Maroon</u>, the color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"o*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Maronites</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a
body of nominal Christians, who speak the Arabic language, and reside
on Mount Lebanon and in different parts of Syria. They take their
name from one <i>Maron</i> of the 6th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*roon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>marroon</i>.] [F. <i>marron</i>, abbrev. fr. Sp. <i>cimarron</i>
wild, unruly, from <i>cima</i> the summit of a mountain; hence,
<i>negro cimarron</i> a runaway negro that lives in the mountains.]
<def>In the West Indies and Guiana, a fugitive slave, or a free
negro, living in the mountains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*roon"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Marooned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Marooning</u>.] [See <u>Maroon</u> a fugitive slave.] <def>To put
(a person) ashore on a desolate island or coast and leave him to his
fate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Marooning party</b></col>, <cd>a social excursion party
that sojourns several days on the shore or in some retired place; a
prolonged picnic.</cd> [Southern U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><! p. 897 !></p>

<p><hw>Ma*roon"</hw> (m&adot;*r&oomac;n"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>marron</i> chestnut-colored, fr. <i>marron</i> a large French
chestnut, It. <i>marrone</i>; cf. LGr. <grk>ma`raon</grk>.  Cf.
<u>Marron</u>.] <def>Having the color called maroon. See 4th
<u>Maroon</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Maroon lake</b></col>, <cd>lake prepared from madder, and
distinguished for its transparency and the depth and durability of
its color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma*roon"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
brownish or dull red of any description, esp. of a scarlet cast
rather than approaching crimson or purple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An explosive shell. See <u>Marron</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"plot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, by his
officious interference, mars or frustrates a design or
plot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Marque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>marque</i>, in
<i>lettre de marque</i> letter of marque, a commission with which the
commandant of every armed vessel was obliged to be provided, under
penalty of being considered a pirate or corsair; <i>marque</i> here
prob. meaning, border, boundary (the letter of marque being a
permission to go beyond the border), and of German origin. See
<u>March</u> border.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A license to pass the limits
of a jurisdiction, or boundary of a country, for the purpose of
making reprisals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Letters of marque</b></col>, <col><b>Letters of marque and
reprisal</b></col>, <cd>a license or extraordinary commission granted
by a government to a private person to fit out a privateer or armed
ship to cruise at sea and make prize of the enemy's ships and
merchandise. The ship so commissioned is sometimes called a <i>letter
of marque</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar*quee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>marquise</i>,
misunderstood as a plural; prob. orig., tent of the marchioness. See
<u>Marquis</u>.] <def>A large field tent; esp., one adapted to the
use of an officer of high rank.</def> [Written also
<i>markee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mar"quess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>marques</i>. See <u>Marquis</u>.] <def>A marquis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lady marquess</b></col>, <cd>a marchioness.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"quet*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>marqueterie</i>, from <i>marqueter</i> to checker, inlay, fr.
<i>marque</i> mark, sign; of German origin. See <u>Mark</u> a sign.]
<def>Inlaid work; work inlaid with pieces of wood, shells, ivory, and
the like, of several colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"quis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>marquis</i>,
OF. <i>markis</i>, <i>marchis</i>, LL. <i>marchensis</i>; of German
origin; cf. G. <i>mark</i> bound, border, march, OHG. <i>marcha</i>.
See <u>March</u> border, and cf. <u>Marchioness</u>, <u>Marquee</u>,
<u>Marquess</u>.] <def>A nobleman in England, France, and Germany, of
a rank next below that of duke. Originally, the marquis was an
officer whose duty was to guard the marches or frontiers of the
kingdom. The office has ceased, and the name is now a mere title
conferred by patent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"quis*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>marquisat</i>.] <def>The seigniory, dignity, or lordship of a
marquis; the territory governed by a marquis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"quis*dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
marquisate.</def> [Obs.] "Nobles of the <i>marquisdom</i> of Saluce."
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mar`quise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Marquis</u>, and cf. <u>Marquee</u>.] <def>The wife of a marquis;
a marchioness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"quis*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
marquisate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
coarse grass found on sandy beaches (<i>Ammophila arundinacea</i>).
See <i>Beach grass</i>, under <u>Beach</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who mars or
injures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ri*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mariable</i>.] <def>Marriageable.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"riage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mariage</i>,
F. <i>mariage</i>. See <u>Marry</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of marrying, or the state of being
married; legal union of a man and a woman for life, as husband and
wife; wedlock; matrimony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Marriage</i> is honorable in all.</blockquote>
<i>Heb. xiii. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The marriage vow or contract.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A feast made on the occasion of a
marriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The kingdom of heaven is like unto a certain king
which made a <i>marriage</i> for his son.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxii.
2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any intimate or close union.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Marriage brokage</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
business of bringing about marriages</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The payment made or demanded for the procurement of a
marriage.</cd> -- <col><b>Marriage favors</b></col>, <cd>knots of
white ribbons, or bunches of white flowers, worn at weddings.</cd> --
<col><b>Marriage settlement</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a settlement
of property in view, and in consideration, of marriage.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Matrimony; wedlock; wedding; nuptials.  --
<u>Marriage</u>, <u>Matrimony</u>, <u>Wedlock</u>. <i>Marriage</i> is
properly the <i>act</i> which unites the two parties, and
<i>matrimony</i> the <i>state</i> into which they enter.
<i>Marriage</i> is, however, often used for the state as well as the
act. <i>Wedlock</i> is the old Anglo-Saxon term for
<i>matrimony</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Mar`riage*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being marriageable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"riage*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit for,
or capable of, marriage; of an age at which marriage is
allowable.</def> -- <wf>Mar"riage*a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being in the state of matrimony; wedded; as, a <i>married</i>
man or woman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to marriage; connubial;
as, the <i>married</i> state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
marries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*ron"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Maroon</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large chestnut.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A chestnut color; maroon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Pyrotechny &amp; Mil.)</i> <def>A paper or
pasteboard box or shell, wound about with strong twine, filled with
an explosive, and ignited with a fuse, -- used to make a noise like a
cannon.</def> [Written also <i>maroon</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mar*roon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Same as 1st
<u>Maroon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"rot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The razor-billed auk. See <u>Auk</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The common guillemot.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The puffin.</def> [Prov. Eng.] [Written also
<i>marrott</i>, and <i>morrot</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mar"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>marou</i>,
<i>mary</i>, <i>maruh</i>, AS. <i>mearg</i>, <i>mearh</i>; akin to
OS. <i>marg</i>, D. <i>merg</i>, G. <i>Mark</i>, OHG. <i>marg</i>,
<i>marag</i>, Icel. <i>mergr</i>, Sw. <i>merg</i>, Dan. <i>marv</i>,
Skr. <i>majjan</i>; cf. Skr. <i>majj</i> to sink, L. <i>mergere</i>.
&radic;274 Cf. <u>Merge</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The tissue which fills the
cavities of most bones; the medulla. In the larger cavities it is
commonly very fatty, but in the smaller cavities it is much less
fatty, and red or reddish in color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The essence; the best part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It takes from our achievements . . .<BR>
The pith and <i>marrow</i> of our attribute.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [OE. <i>maru</i>, <i>maro</i>; -- perh. a
different word; cf. Gael. <i>maraon</i> together.] <def>One of a
pair; a match; a companion; an intimate associate.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Chopping and changing I can not commend,<BR>
With thief or his <i>marrow</i>, for fear of ill end.</blockquote>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Marrow squash</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to
several varieties of squash, esp. to the <i>Boston marrow</i>, an
ovoid fruit, pointed at both ends, and with reddish yellow flesh, and
to the <i>vegetable marrow</i>, a variety of an ovoid form, and
having a soft texture and fine grain resembling marrow.</cd> --
<col><b>Spinal marrow</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <i>Spinal
cord</i>, under <u>Spinal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Marrowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Marrowing</u>.] <def>To fill with, or as with, marrow or fat; to
glut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"row*bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bone
containing marrow; <i>pl.</i> ludicrously, knee bones or knees; as,
to get down on one's <i>marrowbones</i>, <i>i. e.</i>, to
kneel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"row*fat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rich but
late variety of pea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"row*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of,
or like, marrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"row*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
marrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"row*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of marrow;
pithy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mar*ru"bi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of bitter aromatic plants, sometimes used
in medicine; hoarhound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Married</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Marrying</u>.] [OE. <i>marien</i>, F. <i>marier</i>, L.
<i>maritare</i>, fr. <i>maritus</i> husband, fr. <i>mas</i>,
<i>maris</i>, a male. See <u>Male</u>, and cf. <u>Maritral</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite in wedlock or matrimony; to perform
the ceremony of joining, as a man and a woman, for life; to
constitute (a man and a woman) husband and wife according to the laws
or customs of the place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tell him that he shall <i>marry</i> the couple
himself.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To join according to law, (a man) to a
woman as his wife, or (a woman) to a man as her husband. See the Note
to def. 4.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman who had been <i>married</i> to her twenty-
fifth husband, and being now a widow, was prohibited to
marry.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To dispose of in wedlock; to give away as
wife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>M&aelig;cenas took the liberty to tell him [Augustus]
that he must either <i>marry</i> his daughter [Julia] to Agrippa, or
take away his life.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take for husband or wife. See the Note
below.</def></p>

<p>&fist; We say, a man is <i>married to</i> or <i>marries</i> a
woman; or, a woman is <i>married to</i> or <i>marries</i> a man. Both
of these uses are equally well authorized; but <i>given in
marriage</i> is said only of the woman.</p>

<p><blockquote>They got him [the Duke of Monmouth] . . . to declare
in writing, that the last king [Charles II.] told him he was never
<i>married</i> to his mother.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Lloyd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, to unite in the closest and
most endearing relation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Turn, O backsliding children, saith the Lord; for I am
<i>married</i> unto you.</blockquote> <i>Jer. iii. 14.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To marry ropes</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To place two ropes along side of each other
so that they may be grasped and hauled on at the same time</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To join two ropes end to end so that both
will pass through a block.</cd>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To enter into the
conjugal or connubial state; to take a husband or a wife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will, therefore, that the younger women
<i>marry</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. v. 14.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Marrying man</b></col>, <cd>a man disposed to marry.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Mar"ry</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Indeed ! in truth
! -- a term of asseveration said to have been derived from the
practice of swearing by the Virgin Mary.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mars</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Mars</i>, gen.
<i>Martis</i>, archaic <i>Mavors</i>, gen. <i>Mavortis</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Myth.)</i> <def>The god of war and
husbandry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the planets of the
solar system, the fourth in order from the sun, or the next beyond
the earth, having a diameter of about 4,200 miles, a period of 687
days, and a mean distance of 141,000,000 miles. It is conspicuous for
the redness of its light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Alchemy)</i> <def>The metallic element
iron, the symbol of which &male; was the same as that of the planet
Mars.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mars brown</b></col>, <cd>a bright, somewhat yellowish,
brown.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar*sa"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr.
<i>Marsala</i>, in Sicyly.] <def>A kind of wine exported from Marsala
in Sicily.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mars*de"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. From W.
<i>Marsden</i>, an English author.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
plants of the Milkweed family, mostly woody climbers with fragrant
flowers, several species of which furnish valuable fiber, and one
species (<i>Marsdenia tinctoria</i>) affords indigo.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Mar`sei`llais"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. m.</i></pos>
<hw>||Mar`sei`llaise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. f.</i></pos> }[F.] <def>Of
or pertaining to Marseilles, in France, or to its
inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Marseillaise hymn</b></col>, or <col><b>The
Marseillaise</b></col>, <cd>the national anthem of France, popularly
so called. It was composed in 1792, by Rouget de l'Isle, an officer
then stationed at Strasburg. In Paris it was sung for the first time
by the band of men who came from Marseilles to aid in the revolution
of August 10, 1792; whence the name.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Mar`sei`llais"</hw>, <pos><i>n. m.</i></pos>
<hw>||Mar`sei`llaise"</hw>, <pos><i>n. f.</i></pos> }[F.] <def>A
native or inhabitant of Marseilles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*seilles"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A general
term for certain kinds of fabrics, which are formed of two series of
threads interlacing each other, thus forming double cloth, quilted in
the loom; -- so named because first made in <i>Marseilles</i>,
France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Marsh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mersch</i>, AS.
<i>mersc</i>, fr. <i>mere</i> lake. See <u>Mere</u> pool, and cf.
<u>Marish</u>, <u>Morass</u>.] <def>A tract of soft wet land,
commonly covered partially or wholly with water; a fen; a swamp; a
morass.</def> [Written also <i>marish</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Marsh asphodel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant
(<i>Nartheeium ossifragum</i>) with linear equitant leaves, and a
raceme of small white flowers; -- called also <i>bog
asphodel</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh cinquefoil</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant (<i>Potentilla palustris</i>) having
purple flowers, and found growing in marshy places; marsh five-
finger.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh elder</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The guelder-rose or cranberry tree
(<i>Viburnum Opulus</i>)</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In the United
States, a composite shrub growing in salt marshes (<i>Iva
frutescens</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh five-finger</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Marsh cinquefoil</i> (above).</cd> --
<col><b>Marsh gas</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Gas</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a genus (<i>Spartina</i>) of coarse grasses growing in marshes; -
- called also <i>cord grass</i>. The tall <i>S. cynosuroides</i> is
not good for hay unless cut very young. The low <i>S. juncea</i> is a
common component of salt hay.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh harrier</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European hawk or harrier (<i>Circus
&aelig;ruginosus</i>); -- called also <i>marsh hawk</i>, <i>moor
hawk</i>, <i>moor buzzard</i>, <i>puttock</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh
hawk</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A hawk or
harrier (<i>Circus cyaneus</i>), native of both America and Europe.
The adults are bluish slate above, with a white rump. Called also
<i>hen harrier</i>, and <i>mouse hawk</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The marsh harrier.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh hen</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a rail; esp., <i>Rallus elegans</i> of
fresh-water marshes, and <i>R. longirostris</i> of salt-water
marshes.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh mallow</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
plant of the genus <i>Alth&aelig;a</i> ( <i>A. officinalis</i>)
common in marshes near the seashore, and whose root is much used in
medicine as a demulcent.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh marigold</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh
pennywort</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the umbelliferous
genus <i>Hydrocotyle</i>; low herbs with roundish leaves, growing in
wet places; -- called also <i>water pennywort</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Marsh quail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the meadow
lark.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh rosemary</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
plant of the genus <i>Statice</i> (<i>S. Limonium</i>), common in
salt marshes. Its root is powerfully astringent, and is sometimes
used in medicine. Called also <i>sea lavender</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Marsh samphire</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant
(<i>Salicornia herbacea</i>) found along seacoasts. See
<u>Glasswort</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh St. John's-wort</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American herb (<i>Elodes Virginica</i>) with
small opposite leaves and flesh-colored flowers.</cd> --
<col><b>Marsh tea</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>. <cd>Same as <u>Labrador
tea</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh trefoil</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Buckbean</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh wren</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of small American wrens of the
genus <i>Cistothorus</i>, and allied genera. They chiefly inhabit
salt marshes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"shal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mareschal</i>,
OF. <i>mareschal</i>, F. <i>mar&eacute;chal</i>, LL.
<i>mariscalcus</i>, from OHG. <i>marah-scalc</i> (G.
<i>marschall</i>); <i>marah</i> horse + <i>scalc</i> servant (akin to
AS. <i>scealc</i>, Goth. <i>skalks</i>). F. <i>mar&eacute;chal</i>
signifies, a marshal, and a farrier. See <u>Mare</u> horse, and cf.
<u>Seneschal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, an officer who had the care of
horses; a groom.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An officer of high rank, charged with the
arrangement of ceremonies, the conduct of operations, or the
like</def>; as, specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who goes
before a prince to declare his coming and provide entertainment; a
harbinger; a pursuivant.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who
regulates rank and order at a feast or any other assembly, directs
the order of procession, and the like.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The chief officer of arms, whose duty it was, in ancient times,
to regulate combats in the lists.</def> <i>Johnson.</i>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(France)</i> <def>The highest military
officer.</def> In other countries of Europe a marshal is a military
officer of high rank, and called <i>field marshal</i>.
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Am. Law)</i> <def>A ministerial officer,
appointed for each judicial district of the United States, to execute
the process of the courts of the United States, and perform various
duties, similar to those of a sheriff. The name is also sometimes
applied to certain police officers of a city.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Earl marshal of England</b></col>, <cd>the eighth officer
of state; an honorary title, and personal, until made hereditary in
the family of the Duke of Norfolk. During a vacancy in the office of
high constable, the earl marshal has jurisdiction in the court of
chivalry.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>Earl marshal of
Scotland</b></col>, <cd>an officer who had command of the cavalry
under the constable. This office was held by the family of Keith, but
forfeited by rebellion in 1715.</cd> -- <col><b>Knight
marshal</b></col>, or <col><b>Marshal of the King's house</b></col>,
<cd>formerly, in England, the marshal of the king's house, who was
authorized to hear and determine all pleas of the Crown, to punish
faults committed within the verge, etc. His court was called the
Court of Marshalsea.</cd> -- <col><b>Marshal of the Queen's
Bench</b></col>, <cd>formerly the title of the officer who had the
custody of the Queen's bench prison in Southwark.</cd> <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"shal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Marshaled</u> (?) or <u>Marshalled</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Marshaling</u> or <u>Marshalling</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dispose in order; to arrange in a
suitable manner; as, to <i>marshal</i> troops or an army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>marshaling</i> the heroes of his name<BR>
As, in their order, next to light they came.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To direct, guide, or lead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>marshalest</i> me the way that I was
going.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>To dispose in due order, as
the different quarterings on an escutcheon, or the different crests
when several belong to an achievement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"shal*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>marshaller</i>.] <def>One who marshals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"shal*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>marshalling</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of arranging in due
order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The arrangement of an
escutcheon to exhibit the alliances of the owner.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Marshaling of assets</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
arranging or ranking of assets in due order of
administration.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"shal*sea</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Marshal</i> +
OE. <i>se</i> a seat. See <u>See</u> a seat.] <def>The court or seat
of a marshal; hence, the prison in Southwark, belonging to the
marshal of the king's household.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Court of Marshalsea</b></col>, <cd>a court formerly held
before the steward and marshal of the king's house to administer
justice between the king's domestic servants.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"shal*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
marshal.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Marsh"bank`er</hw> (?), <hw>Marse"bank`er</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The menhaden.</def></p>

<p><! p. 898 !></p>

<p><hw>Marsh"i*ness</hw> (m&auml;rsh"&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or condition of being
marshy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Marsh mar"i*gold</hw> (m&abreve;r"&ibreve;*g&osl;ld).
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A perennial plant of the genus <i>Caltha</i>
(<i>C. palustris</i>), growing in wet places and bearing bright
yellow flowers. In the United States it is used as a pot herb under
the name of <i>cowslip</i>. See <u>Cowslip</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Marsh"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [E.
<u>Marsh</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a marsh; wet; boggy;
fenny.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or produced in, marshes;
as, a <i>marshy</i> weed.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"si*po*branch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Marsipobranchia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mar"si*po*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; a pouch + &?; a gill.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
class of Vertebrata, lower than fishes, characterized by their
purselike gill cavities, cartilaginous skeletons, absence of limbs,
and a suckerlike mouth destitute of jaws. It includes the lampreys
and hagfishes. See <u>Cyclostoma</u>, and <u>Lamprey</u>. Called also
<i>Marsipobranchiata</i>, and <i>Marsipobranchii</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*su"pi*al</hw> (m&auml;r*s&umacr;"p&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>marsupial</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a pouch for
carrying the immature young; of or pertaining to the
Marsupialia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a marsupium; as, the <i>marsupial</i> bones.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Marsupial frog</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Nototrema</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar*su"pi*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Marsupialia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mar*su`pi*a"li*a</hw> (-&amacr;"l&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>marsupium</i> a pouch, bag,
purse, Gr. <grk>marsy`pion</grk>, dim. of <grk>ma`rsypos</grk>,
<grk>ma`rsipos</grk>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A subclass of
Mammalia, including nearly all the mammals of Australia and the
adjacent islands, together with the opossums of America. They differ
from ordinary mammals in having the corpus callosum very small, in
being implacental, and in having their young born while very
immature. The female generally carries the young for some time after
birth in an external pouch, or marsupium. Called also
<i>Marsupiata</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mar*su`pi*a"li*an</hw> (?), <hw>Mar*su"pi*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Marsupialia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*su"pi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Related to or resembling the marsupials;
furnished with a pouch for the young, as the marsupials, and also
some fishes and Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mar*su"pi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>Same
as <u>Marsupium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"su*pite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Marsupial</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil crinoid of the
genus <i>Marsupites</i>, resembling a purse in form.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mar*su"pi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Marsupia</b></plw> (#). [L., a pouch], <i>(Anat. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The pouch, formed by a fold
of the skin of the abdomen, in which marsupials carry their young;
also, a pouch for similar use in other animals, as certain
Crustacea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pecten in the eye of
birds and reptiles. See <u>Pecten</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mart</hw> (m&auml;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr.
<i>market</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A market.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where has commerce such a <i>mart</i> . . . as London
?</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bargain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mart</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To buy or sell in, or
as in, a mart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To sell and <i>mart</i> your officer for gold<BR>
To undeservers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mart</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To traffic.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mart</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mars</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The god Mars.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Battle; contest.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ta*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. &amp; Sp.
<i>martagon</i>, It. <i>martagone</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A lily
(<i>Lilium Martagon</i>) with purplish red flowers, found in Europe
and Asia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>marteler</i>,
fr. <i>martel</i>, <i>marteau</i>, hammer, a dim. fr. L.
<i>martulus</i>, <i>marculus</i>, dim. of <i>marcus</i> hammer.  Cf.
<u>March</u> to step.] <def>To make a blow with, or as with, a
hammer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mar`tel` de fer"</hw> (?). [OF., hammer of iron.] <def>A
weapon resembling a hammer, often having one side of the head
pointed; -- used by horsemen in the Middle Ages to break armor.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"te*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A small
hammer used by marble workers and sculptors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*tel"lo tow`er</hw> (?). [It. <i>martello</i> hammer. The
name was orig. given to towers erected on the coasts of Sicily and
Sardinia for protection against the pirates in the time of Charles
the Fifth, which prob. orig. contained an alarm bell to be struck
with a hammer. See <u>Martel</u>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A building of
masonry, generally circular, usually erected on the seacoast, with a
gun on the summit mounted on a traversing platform, so as to be fired
in any direction.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The English borrowed the name of the tower from Corsica in
1794.</p>

<p><hw>Mar"ten</hw> (m&auml;r"t&ebreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird. See <u>Martin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ten</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From older <i>martern</i>,
<i>marter</i>, <i>martre</i>, F. <i>martre</i>, <i>marte</i>, LL.
<i>martures</i> (pl.), fr. L. <i>martes</i>; akin to AS.
<i>mear&eth;</i>, <i>meard</i>, G. <i>marder</i>, OHG. <i>mardar</i>,
Icel. <i>m&ouml;r&eth;r</i>.  Cf. <u>Foumart</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several fur-bearing carnivores of
the genus <i>Mustela</i>, closely allied to the sable.  Among the
more important species are the European beech, or stone, marten
(<i>Mustela foina</i>); the pine marten (<i>M. martes</i>); and the
American marten, or sable (<i>M. Americana</i>), which some
zo&ouml;logists consider only a variety of the Russian
sable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fur of the marten, used for hats,
muffs, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Marten</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mar"-text`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blundering
preacher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>martialis</i> of or belonging to <i>Mars</i>, the god of war.  Cf.
<u>March</u> the month.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or suited for, war;
military; as, <i>martial</i> music; a <i>martial</i>
appearance.</def> "<i>Martial</i> equipage."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Practiced in, or inclined to, war;
warlike; brave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But peaceful kings, o'er <i>martial</i> people
set,<BR>
Each other's poise and counterbalance are.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to war, or to an army and navy;
-- opposed to <i>civil</i>; as, <i>martial</i> law; a court<i>-
martial</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, the god, or
the planet, Mars.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem. &amp; Old Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, or containing, iron; chalybeate; as, <i>martial</i>
preparations.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><col><b>Martial flowers</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a reddish
crystalline salt of iron; the ammonio-chloride of iron.</cd> [Obs.] -
- <col><b>Martial law</b></col>, <cd>the law administered by the
military power of a government when it has superseded the civil
authority in time of war, or when the civil authorities are unable to
enforce the laws. It is distinguished from <i>military law</i>, the
latter being the code of rules for the regulation of the army and
navy alone, either in peace or in war.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Martial</u>, <u>Warlike</u>.  <i>Martial</i>
refers more to war in <i>action</i>, its array, its attendants, etc.;
as, <i>martial</i> music, a <i>martial</i> appearance, a
<i>martial</i> array, courts<i>-martial</i>, etc. <i>Warlike</i>
describes the feeling or temper which leads to war, and the adjuncts
of war; as, a <i>warlike</i> nation, <i>warlike</i> indication, etc.
The two words are often used without discrimination.</p>

<p><hw>Mar"tial*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being warlike; exercises suitable for war.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mar"tial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A warrior.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Martialized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Martializing</u> (?).] <def>To render warlike; as, to
<i>martialize</i> a people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a martial
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tial*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being martial.</def></p>

<p>
</p>

<p><hw>Mar"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Stone Working)</i>
[Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A perforated stone-faced runner for
grinding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>martin</i>, from the
proper name <i>Martin</i>.  Cf. <u>Martlet</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several species of swallows, usually having the tail less
deeply forked than the tail of the common swallows.</def> [Written
also <i>marten</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The American purple martin, or bee martin (<i>Progne subis,
or purpurea</i>), and the European house, or window, martin
(<i>Hirundo, or Chelidon, urbica</i>), are the best known
species.</p>

<p><col><b>Bank martin</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The bank
swallow</cd>. See under <u>Bank</u>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
fairy martin. See under <u>Fairy</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bee
martin</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The purple martin</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The kingbird.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
martin</b></col>, <cd>the bank swallow.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ti*net`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from an
officer of that name in the French army under Louis XIV.  Cf.
<u>Martin</u> the bird, <u>Martlet</u>.] <def>In military language, a
strict disciplinarian; in general, one who lays stress on a rigid
adherence to the details of discipline, or to forms and fixed
methods.</def> [Hence, the word is commonly employed in a
depreciatory sense.]</p>

<p><hw>Mar"ti*net`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The martin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar`ti*ne"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>martinete</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of tinamou
(<i>Calopezus elegans</i>), having a long slender crest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ti*net`ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles or practices of a martinet; rigid adherence to discipline,
etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mar"tin*gale</hw> (?), <hw>Mar"tin*gal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>martingale</i>; cf. It. <i>martingala</i>
a sort of hose, martingale, Sp. <i>martingala</i> a greave, cuish,
martingale, Sp. <i>alm&aacute;rtaga</i> a kind of bridle.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A strap fastened to a horse's girth, passing
between his fore legs, and fastened to the bit, or now more commonly
ending in two rings, through which the reins pass. It is intended to
hold down the head of the horse, and prevent him from
rearing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A lower stay of rope or
chain for the jib boom or flying jib boom, fastened to, or reeved
through, the dolphin striker. Also, the dolphin striker
itself.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gambling)</i> <def>The act of doubling, at
each stake, that which has been lost on the preceding stake; also,
the sum so risked; -- metaphorically derived from the bifurcation of
the <i>martingale</i> of a harness.</def> [Cant]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tin*mas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [St. <i>Martin +
mass</i> religious service.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The feast of St.
Martin, the eleventh of November; -- often called
<i>martlemans</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Martinmas summer</b></col>, <cd>a period of calm, warm
weather often experienced about the time of Martinmas; Indian
summer.</cd>  <i>Percy Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Mars</i>,
<i>Martis</i>, the god Mars, the alchemical name of iron.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Iron sesquioxide in isometric form, probably a
pseudomorph after magnetite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tle*mas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Martinmas</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mart"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  <i>martinet</i>.
See <u>Martin</u> the bird, and cf. <u>Martinet</u> a
disciplinarian.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European house
martin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>merlette</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A
bird without beak or feet; -- generally assumed to represent a
<i>martin</i>. As a mark of cadency it denotes the fourth
son.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tyr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS., from L.
<i>martyr</i>, Gr. <grk>ma`rtyr</grk>, <grk>ma`rtys</grk>, prop., a
witness; cf. Skr. <i>sm&rsdot;</i> to remember, E.
<i>memory</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, by his death, bears witness to
the truth of the gospel; one who is put to death for his religion;
as, Stephen was the first Christian <i>martyr</i>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To be a <i>martyr</i>, signifies only to witness the
truth of Christ; but the witnessing of the truth was then so
generally attended with persecution, that martyrdom now signifies not
only to witness, but to witness by death.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, one who sacrifices his life, his
station, or what is of great value to him, for the sake of principle,
or to sustain a cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then if thou fall'st, O Cromwell,<BR>
Thou fall'st a blessed <i>martyr</i> !</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tyr</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Martyred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Martyring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put to death for
adhering to some belief, esp. Christianity; to sacrifice on account
of faith or profession.</def>  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To persecute; to torment; to
torture.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lovely Amoret, whose gentle heart<BR>
Thou <i>martyrest</i> with sorrow and with smart.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Racked with sciatics, <i>martyred</i> with the
stone.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tyr*dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Martyr</i> +
<i>-dom</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of a martyr; the death of a
martyr; the suffering of death on account of adherence to the
Christian faith, or to any cause.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I came from <i>martyrdom</i> unto this
peace.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affliction; torment; torture.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar`tyr*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
martyrizing, or state of being martyrized; torture.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tyr*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>martyriser</i>, LL. <i>martyrizare</i>.] <def>To make a martyr
of.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tyr*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of
a martyr.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tyr*o*loge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>martyrologium</i>: cf. F. <i>martyrologe</i>.] <def>A
martyrology.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mar`tyr*o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mar`tyr*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to martyrology or martyrs;
registering, or registered in, a catalogue of martyrs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar`tyr*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>martyrologiste</i>.] <def>A writer of martyrology; an historian of
martyrs.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar`tyr*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-gies</b></plw> (#). [<i>Martyr</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A
history or account of martyrs; a register of martyrs.</def>  <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tyr*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Martyrdom.</def>
[R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"vel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mervaile</i>,
F. <i>merveille</i>, fr. L. <i>mirabilia</i> wonderful things, pl.,
fr. <i>mirabilis</i> wonderful, fr. <i>mirari</i> to wonder or marvel
at. See <u>Admire</u>, <u>Smile</u>, and cf. <u>Miracle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which causes wonder; a prodigy; a
miracle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will do <i>marvels</i> such as have not been
done.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxiv. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature's sweet <i>marvel</i> undefiled.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wonder.</def> [R.] "Use lessens
<i>marvel</i>."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Marvel of Peru</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Four-
o'clock</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mar"vel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Marveled</u> (?) or <u>Marvelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Marveling</u> or <u>Marvelling</u>.] [OE.
<i>merveilen</i>, OF. <i>merveillier</i>.] <def>To be struck with
surprise, astonishment, or wonder; to wonder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Marvel</i> not, my brethren, if the world hate
you.</blockquote> <i>1 john iii. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"vel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To marvel at.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to marvel, or be surprised; --
used impersonally.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But much now me <i>marveleth</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Rich. the Redeless.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mar"vel*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>merveillous</i>, OF. <i>merveillos</i>, F. <i>Merveilleux</i>. See
<u>Marvel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [Written also
<i>marvellous</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exciting wonder or
surprise; astonishing; wonderful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the Lord's doing; it is <i>marvelous</i> in
our eyes.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxiii. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Partaking of the character of miracle, or
supernatural power; incredible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>marvelous</i> fable includes whatever is
supernatural, and especially the machines of the gods.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The marvelous</b></col>, <cd>that which exceeds natural
power, or is preternatural; that which is wonderful; -- opposed to
<i>the probable</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wonderful; astonishing; surprising; strange;
improbable; incredible.  -- <u>Marvelous</u>, <u>Wonderful</u>. We
speak of a thing as <i>wonderful</i> when it awakens our surprise and
admiration; as <i>marvelous</i> when it is so much out of the
ordinary course of things as to seem nearly or quite incredible.</p>

<p><hw>Mar"vel*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
marvelous manner; wonderfully; strangely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"vel*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being marvelous; wonderfulness; strangeness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupt. fr. OE.
or F. <i>marbre</i> marble.] <i>(Glass Marking)</i> <def>A stone, or
cast-iron plate, or former, on which hot glass is rolled to give it
shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Marrow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Marry</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ry-bud`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The marigold; a blossom of the marigold.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma`ry*ol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mariolatry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ry*sole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mary</i>, the
proper name + <i>sole</i> the fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large
British fluke, or flounder (<i>Rhombus megastoma</i>); -- called also
<i>carter</i>, and <i>whiff</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mas*ca"gnin</hw> (?), <hw>Mas*ca"gnite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>mascagnin</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Native sulphate of ammonia, found in volcanic districts; -- so
named from <i>Mascagni</i>, who discovered it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"cle</hw> (m&abreve;s"k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>mascle</i>, F. <i>macle</i>, L. <i>macula</i> spot, mesh of a net,
LL. <i>macula</i>, <i>macla</i>, <i>mascla</i> a scale of a coat of
mail. See <u>Mail</u> armor.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A lozenge
voided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"cled</hw> (-k'ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed of,
or covered with, lozenge-shaped scales; having lozenge-shaped
divisions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mascled armor</b></col>, <cd>armor composed of small
lozenge-shaped scales of metal fastened on a foundation of leather or
quilted cloth.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mas"cot</hw>, <hw>Mas"cotte</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Through French fr. Pr. <i>mascot</i> a little
sorcerer or magician, <i>mascotto</i> witchcraft, sorcery.] <def>A
person who is supposed to bring good luck to the household to which
he or she belongs; anything that brings good luck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>masculus</i> male, masculine.] <def>To make strong.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><! p. 899 !></p>

<p><hw>Mas"cu*line</hw> (m&abreve;s"k&usl;*l&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>masculinus</i>, fr. <i>masculus</i> male,
manly, dim. of <i>mas</i> a male: cf. F. <i>masculin</i>. See
<u>Male</u> masculine.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the male sex; not
female.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>masculine</i> children, that is to say, thy
sons.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the qualities of a man; suitable
to, or characteristic of, a man; virile; not feminine or effeminate;
strong; robust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That lady, after her husband's death, held the reins
with a <i>masculine</i> energy.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to males; appropriated to, or
used by, males.</def> [R.] "A <i>masculine</i> church."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Having the inflections of,
or construed with, words pertaining especially to male beings, as
distinguished from <i>feminine</i> and <i>neuter</i>. See
<u>Gender</u>.</def> -- <wf>Mas"cu*line*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Mas"cu*line*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mas`cu*lin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being masculine; masculineness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Maze</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"e*lyn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drinking cup.
See 1st <u>Maslin</u>, 2.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mazer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mesh.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to G. <i>meisch</i>,
<i>maisch</i>, <i>meische</i>, <i>maische</i>, mash, wash, and prob.
to AS. <i>miscian</i> to mix. See <u>Mix</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mass of mixed ingredients reduced to a
soft pulpy state by beating or pressure; a mass of anything in a soft
pulpy state. Specifically <i>(Brewing)</i>, ground or bruised malt,
or meal of rye, wheat, corn, or other grain (or a mixture of malt and
meal) steeped and stirred in hot water for making the wort.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mixture of meal or bran and water fed to
animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mess; trouble.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mash tun</b></col>, <cd>a large tub used in making mash
and wort.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mashing</u>.] [Akin to G. <i>meischen</i>, <i>maischen</i>, to
mash, mix, and prob. to <i>mischen</i>, E. <i>mix</i>. See 2d
<u>Mash</u>.] <def>To convert into a mash; to reduce to a soft pulpy
state by beating or pressure; to bruise; to crush; as, to <i>mash</i>
apples in a mill, or potatoes with a pestle. Specifically
<i>(Brewing)</i>, to convert, as malt, or malt and meal, into the
mash which makes wort.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mashing tub</b></col>, <cd>a tub for making the mash in
breweries and distilleries; -- called also <i>mash tun</i>, and
<i>mash vat</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mash"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, mashes; also <i>(Brewing)</i>, a machine
for making mash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A charmer of women.</def> [Slang]
<i>London Punch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mash"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Maslin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Produced by
crushing or bruising; resembling, or consisting of, a mash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mask</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>masque</i>, LL.
<i>masca</i>, <i>mascha</i>, <i>mascus</i>; cf. Sp. &amp; Pg.
<i>m&aacute;scara</i>, It. <i>maschera</i>; all fr. Ar.
<i>maskharat</i> buffoon, fool, pleasantry, anything ridiculous or
mirthful, fr. <i>sakhira</i> to ridicule, to laugh at.  Cf.
<u>Masque</u>, <u>Masquerade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cover,
or partial cover, for the face, used for disguise or protection; as,
a dancer's <i>mask</i>; a fencer's <i>mask</i>; a ball player's
<i>mask</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which disguises; a pretext or
subterfuge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A festive entertainment of dancing or
other diversions, where all wear masks; a masquerade; hence, a revel;
a frolic; a delusive show.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This thought might lead me through the world's vain
<i>mask</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A dramatic performance, formerly in vogue,
in which the actors wore masks and represented mythical or
allegorical characters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A grotesque head or face,
used to adorn keystones and other prominent parts, to spout water in
fountains, and the like; -- called also <i>mascaron</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In a
permanent fortification, a redoubt which protects the
caponiere.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A screen for a
battery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lower lip of the
larva of a dragon fly, modified so as to form a prehensile
organ.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mask house</b></col>, <cd>a house for masquerades.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mask</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Masked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Masking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover, as the face, by
way of concealment or defense against injury; to conceal with a mask
or visor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They must all be <i>masked</i> and
vizarded.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disguise; to cover; to hide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Masking</i> the business from the common
eye.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
conceal; also, to intervene in the line of.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>To cover or keep in check; as, to <i>mask</i> a body of troops
or a fortress by a superior force, while some hostile evolution is
being carried out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mask</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take part as a masker in a masquerade.</def>  <i>Cavendish.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wear a mask; to be disguised in any
way.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Masked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearing a mask or masks; characterized by masks; concealed;
hidden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Personate</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the anterior
part of the head differing decidedly in color from the rest of the
plumage; -- said of birds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Masked ball</b></col>, <cd>a ball in which the dancers
wear masks.</cd> -- <col><b>Masked battery</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>a battery so placed as not to be seen by an enemy until it opens
fire.</cd> <i>H. L. Scott.</i> -- <col><b>Masked crab</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European crab (<i>Corystes
cassivelaunus</i>) with markings on the carapace somewhat resembling
a human face.</cd> -- <col><b>Masked pig</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a Japanese domestic hog (<i>Sus
pliciceps</i>). Its face is deeply furrowed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mask"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wears a
mask; one who appears in disguise at a masquerade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mask"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To confuse; to
stupefy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mask"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The dress or
disguise of a masker; masquerade.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ki*nonge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
muskellunge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mask" shell`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any spiral
marine shell of the genus <i>Persona</i>, having a curiously twisted
aperture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"lach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>maslaq</i>:
cf. F. <i>masloc</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An excitant containing
opium, much used by the Turks.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>missellane</i>,
<i>misceline</i>, <i>miscelin</i>, <i>meslin</i>, fr.
<i>miscellane</i>. See <u>Miscellane</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
mixture composed of different materials</def>; especially:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mixture of metals resembling brass.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A mixture of different sorts of grain, as
wheat and rye.</def> [Written also <i>meslin</i>, <i>mislin</i>,
<i>maselyn</i>, <i>mastlin</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel made of maslin, 1
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Mead eke in a <i>maselyn</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"lin</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed of different
sorts; as, <i>maslin</i> bread, which is made of rye mixed with a
little wheat.</def> [Written also <i>meslin</i>, <i>mislin</i>,
etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Ma"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ma&ccedil;on</i>,
LL. <i>macio</i>, <i>machio</i>, <i>mattio</i>, <i>mactio</i>,
<i>marcio</i>, <i>macerio</i>; of uncertain origin.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One whose occupation is to build with
stone or brick; also, one who prepares stone for building
purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of the fraternity of Freemasons.
See <u>Freemason</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mason bee</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of solitary bees of the genus <i>Osmia</i>. They
construct curious nests of hardened mud and sand.</cd> --
<col><b>Mason moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any moth whose
larva constructs an earthen cocoon under the soil.</cd> --
<col><b>Mason shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a marine
univalve shell of the genus <i>Phorus</i>; -- so called because it
cements other shells and pebbles upon its own shell; a carrier
shell.</cd> -- <col><b>Mason wasp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any wasp that constructs its nest, or brood cells, of hardened
mud. The female fills the cells with insects or spiders, paralyzed by
a sting, and thus provides food for its larv&aelig;</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma"son</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To build stonework
or brickwork about, under, in, over, etc.; to construct by masons; --
with a prepositional suffix; as, to <i>mason</i> up a well or
terrace; to <i>mason</i> in a kettle or boiler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*son"ic</hw> (m&adot;*s&obreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Freemasons or to their
craft or mysteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"son*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ma&ccedil;onnerie</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or occupation of a
mason.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The work or performance of a mason; as,
good or bad <i>masonry</i>; skillful <i>masonry</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is built by a mason; anything
constructed of the materials used by masons, such as stone, brick,
tiles, or the like. <i>Dry masonry</i> is applied to structures made
without mortar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The craft, institution, or mysteries of
Freemasons; freemasonry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*soo"la boat`</hw> (?). <def>A kind of boat used on the
coast of Madras, India. The planks are sewed together with strands of
coir which cross over a wadding of the same material, so that the
shock on taking the beach through surf is much reduced.</def>
[Written also <i>masula</i>, <i>masulah</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ma*so"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NHeb.
<i>m&amacr;s&omacr;r&amacr;h</i> tradition.] <def>A Jewish critical
work on the text of the Hebrew Scriptures, composed by several
learned rabbis of the school of Tiberias, in the eighth and ninth
centuries.</def> [Written also <i>Masorah</i>, <i>Massora</i>, and
<i>Massorah</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mas"o*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Masorite.</def> [Written also <i>Masorete</i>, and
<i>Massorete</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mas`o*ret"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mas`o*ret"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>massor&eacute;tique</i>.] <def>Of or
relating to the Masora, or to its authors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Masoretic points and accents</b></col>, <cd>the vowel
points and accents of the Hebrew text of the Bible, of which the
first mention is in the Masora.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mas"o*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
writers of the Masora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Masque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mask; a
masquerade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas`quer*ade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mascarade</i>, fr. Sp. <i>mascarada</i>, or It. <i>mascherata</i>.
See <u>Mask</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An assembly of persons wearing masks, and
amusing themselves with dancing, conversation, or other
diversions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In courtly balls and midnight
<i>masquerades</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dramatic performance by actors in masks;
a mask. See 1st <u>Mask</u>, 4.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Acting or living under false pretenses;
concealment of something by a false or unreal show; pretentious show;
disguise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>masquerade</i> of misrepresentation which
invariably accompanied the political eloquence of Rome.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A Spanish diversion on
horseback.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas`quer*ade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Masqueraded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Masquerading</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To assemble in masks; to take part in a
masquerade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To frolic or disport in disquise; to make
a pretentious show of being what one is not.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A freak took an ass in the head, and he goes into the
woods, <i>masquerading</i> up and down in a lion's skin.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas`quer*ade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To conceal
with masks; to disguise.</def> "To <i>masquerade</i> vice."
<i>Killingbeck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas`quer*ad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
masquerades; a person wearing a mask; one disguised.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>masse</i>,
<i>messe</i>, AS. <i>m&aelig;sse</i>. LL. <i>missa</i>, from L.
<i>mittere</i>, <i>missum</i>, to send, dismiss: cf. F. <i>messe</i>.
In the ancient churches, the public services at which the catechumens
were permitted to be present were called <i>missa catechumenorum</i>,
ending with the reading of the Gospel. Then they were
<i>dismissed</i> with these words : "Ite, missa est" [<i>sc</i>.
ecclesia], the congregation is dismissed. After that the sacrifice
proper began. At its close the same words were said to those who
remained. So the word gave the name of <i>Mass</i> to the sacrifice
in the Catholic Church. See <u>Missile</u>, and cf. <u>Christmas</u>,
<u>Lammas</u>, <u>Mess</u> a dish, <u>Missal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The sacrifice in the
sacrament of the Eucharist, or the consecration and oblation of the
host.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The portions of the Mass
usually set to music, considered as a musical composition; -- namely,
the <i>Kyrie</i>, the <i>Gloria</i>, the <i>Credo</i>, the
<i>Sanctus</i>, and the <i>Agnus Dei</i>, besides sometimes an
<i>Offertory</i> and the <i>Benedictus</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Canon of the Mass</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Canon</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>High Mass</b></col>, <cd>Mass with incense, music, the
assistance of a deacon, subdeacon, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Low
Mass</b></col>, <cd>Mass which is said by the priest throughout,
without music.</cd> -- <col><b>Mass bell</b></col>, <cd>the sanctus
bell. See <u>Sanctus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mass book</b></col>,
<cd>the missal or Roman Catholic service book.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mass</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Massed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Massing</u>.] <def>To celebrate Mass.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mass</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>masse</i>, F.
<i>masse</i>, L. <i>massa</i>; akin to Gr. &?; a barley cake, fr. &?;
to knead.  Cf. <u>Macerate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quantity of matter cohering together so
as to make one body, or an aggregation of particles or things which
collectively make one body or quantity, usually of considerable size;
as, a <i>mass</i> of ore, metal, sand, or water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If it were not for these principles, the bodies of the
earth, planets, comets, sun, and all things in them, would grow cold
and freeze, and become inactive <i>masses</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A deep <i>mass</i> of continual sea is slower
stirred<BR>
To rage.</blockquote> <i>Savile.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phar.)</i> <def>A medicinal substance made
into a cohesive, homogeneous lump, of consistency suitable for making
pills; as, blue <i>mass</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A large quantity; a sum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>mass</i> of gold that comes into
Spain.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had spent a huge <i>mass</i> of
treasure.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Bulk; magnitude; body; size.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This army of such <i>mass</i> and charge.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The principal part; the main
body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Night closed upon the pursuit, and aided the
<i>mass</i> of the fugitives in their escape.</blockquote> <i>Jowett
(Thucyd.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The quantity of matter
which a body contains, irrespective of its bulk or volume.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Mass</i> and <i>weight</i> are often used, in a general
way, as interchangeable terms, since the <i>weight</i> of a body is
proportional to its <i>mass</i> (under the same or equal gravitative
forces), and the <i>mass</i> is usually ascertained from the
<i>weight</i>. Yet the two ideas, <i>mass</i> and <i>weight</i>, are
quite distinct. <i>Mass</i> is the quantity of matter in a body;
<i>weight</i> is the comparative force with which it tends towards
the center of the earth. A <i>mass</i> of sugar and a <i>mass</i> of
lead are assumed to be equal when they show an equal <i>weight</i> by
balancing each other in the scales.</p>

<p><col><b>Blue mass</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Blue</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mass center</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the center of
gravity of a triangle.</cd> -- <col><b>Mass copper</b></col>,
<cd>native copper in a large mass.</cd> -- <col><b>Mass
meeting</b></col>, <cd>a large or general assembly of people, usually
a meeting having some relation to politics.</cd> -- <col><b>The
masses</b></col>, <cd>the great body of the people, as contrasted
with the higher classes; the populace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mass</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form or collect
into a mass; to form into a collective body; to bring together into
masses; to assemble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>mass</i> them together and they are terrible
indeed.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"sa*cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>mazacrium</i>; cf. Prov. G. <i>metzgern</i>, <i>metzgen</i>, to
kill cattle, G. <i>metzger</i> a butcher, and LG. <i>matsken</i> to
cut, hew, OHG. <i>meizan</i> to cut, Goth. <i>m&aacute;itan</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The killing of a considerable number of human
beings under circumstances of atrocity or cruelty, or contrary to the
usages of civilized people; as, the <i>massacre</i> on St.
Bartholomew's Day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Murder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Massacre</u>, <u>Butchery</u>, <u>Carnage</u>.
<i>Massacre</i> denotes the promiscuous slaughter of <i>many</i> who
can not make resistance, or much resistance. <i>Butchery</i> refers
to cold-blooded cruelty in the killing of men as if they were brute
beasts. <i>Carnage</i> points to slaughter as producing the heaped-up
bodies of the slain.</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll find a day to <i>massacre</i> them all,<BR>
And raze their faction and their family.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou delight to view thy heinous deeds,<BR>
Brhold this pattern of thy <i>butcheries</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a scent I draw<BR>
Of <i>carnage</i>, prey innumerable !</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"sa*cre</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Massacred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Massacring</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>massacrer</i>. See
<u>Massacre</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To kill in considerable
numbers where much resistance can not be made; to kill with
indiscriminate violence, without necessity, and contrary to the
usages of nations; to butcher; to slaughter; -- limited to the
killing of human beings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If James should be pleased to <i>massacre</i> them
all, as Maximian had <i>massacred</i> the Theban legion.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"sa*crer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
massacres.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mas"sage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A rubbing or
kneading of the body, especially when performed as a hygienic or
remedial measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas`sa*sau"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The black rattlesnake (<i>Crotalus, or
Caudisona, tergemina</i>), found in the Mississippi Valley.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mass&eacute;</hw>, or <hw>Mass&eacute; shot</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>A stroke made with the
cue held vertically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mass"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A priest who
celebrates Mass.</def> [R.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"se*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
chewer, &?; a muscle of the lower jaw used in chewing, from &?; to
chew: cf. F. <i>mass&eacute;ter</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The large
muscle which raises the under jaw, and assists in
mastication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas`se*ter"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the masseter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"se*ter`ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Masseteric.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Mas`seur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. m.</i></pos>,
<hw>||Mas`seuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. f.</i></pos>,} [F., or formed
in imitation of French. See <u>Massage</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>One
who performs massage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"si*cot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>massicot</i>;
E. <i>masticot</i> is a corruption.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Lead
protoxide, PbO, obtained as a yellow amorphous powder, the fused and
crystalline form of which is called <i>litharge</i>; lead ocher. It
is used as a pigment.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Massicot</i> is sometimes used by painters, and also as
a drier in the composition of ointments and plasters.</p>

<p><hw>Mass"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Massy</u>.] <def>The state or quality of being massy;
ponderousness.</def></p>

<p><! p. 900 !></p>

<p><hw>Mass"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>massif</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Forming, or consisting of, a large mass;
compacted; weighty; heavy; massy.</def> "<i>Massive</i> armor."
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>In mass; not necessarily
without a crystalline structure, but having no regular form; as, a
mineral occurs <i>massive</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Massive rock</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a compact
crystalline rock not distinctly schistose, as granite; also, with
some authors, an eruptive rock.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mass"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a heavy
mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mass"ive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being massive; massiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas*soo"la boat`</hw>. <def>See <u>Masoola boat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas*so"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Masora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"so*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Masorite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mass"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Massier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Massiest</u>.] <def>Compacted into, or
consisting of, a mass; having bulk and weight or substance;
ponderous; bulky and heavy; weighty; heavy; as, a <i>massy</i>
shield; a <i>massy</i> rock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your swords are now too <i>massy</i> for your
strengths,<BR>
And will not be uplifted.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yawning rocks in <i>massy</i> fragments
fly.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mast</hw> (m&adot;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&aelig;st</i>, fem.; akin to G. <i>mast</i>, and E. <i>meat</i>.
See <u>Meat</u>.] <def>The fruit of the oak and beech, or other
forest trees; nuts; acorns.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oak <i>mast</i>, and beech, . . . they
eat.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Swine under an oak filling themselves with the
<i>mast</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mast</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>m&aelig;st</i>, masc.;
akin to D., G., Dan., &amp; Sw. <i>mast</i>, Icel. <i>mastr</i>, and
perh. to L. <i>malus</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A pole, or long, strong,
round piece of timber, or spar, set upright in a boat or vessel, to
sustain the sails, yards, rigging, etc. A mast may also consist of
several pieces of timber united by iron bands, or of a hollow pillar
of iron or steel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tallest pine<BR>
Hewn on Norwegian hills, to be the <i>mast</i><BR>
Of some great ammiral.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The most common general names of <i>masts</i> are
<i>foremast</i>, <i>mainmast</i>, and <i>mizzenmast</i>, each of
which may be made of separate spars.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The vertical post of a
derrick or crane.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Afore the mast</b></col>, <col><b>Before the
mast</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Afore</u>, and <u>Before</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Mast coat</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Coat</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mast hoop</b></col>, <cd>one of a number of hoops attached to
the fore edge of a boom sail, which slip on the mast as the sail is
raised or lowered; also, one of the iron hoops used in making a made
mast. See <u>Made</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mast</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Masted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Masting</u>.] <def>To furnish with a mast or masts; to put the
masts of in position; as, to <i>mast</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mas"tax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
mouth, jaws.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
pharynx of a rotifer. It usually contains four horny pieces. The two
central ones form the incus, against which the mallei, or lateral
ones, work so as to crush the food.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The lore of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mast"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a
mast or masts; -- chiefly in composition; as, a three-<i>masted</i>
schooner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mast"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A vessel having (so many) masts; -- used only in compounds; as,
a two-<i>master</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter</hw> (m&adot;s"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>maistre</i>, <i>maister</i>, OF. <i>maistre</i>, <i>mestre</i>, F.
<i>ma&icirc;tre</i>, fr. L. <i>magister</i>, orig. a double
comparative from the root of <i>magnus</i> great, akin to Gr.
<grk>me`gas</grk>.  Cf. <u>Maestro</u>, <u>Magister</u>,
<u>Magistrate</u>, <u>Magnitude</u>, <u>Major</u>, <u>Mister</u>,
<u>Mistress</u>, <u>Mickle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A male
person having another living being so far subject to his will, that
he can, in the main, control his or its actions; -- formerly used
with much more extensive application than now.</def>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The employer of a servant.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The owner of a slave.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The person to whom an apprentice is
articled.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A sovereign, prince, or
feudal noble; a chief, or one exercising similar authority.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The head of a household.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>The male head of a school or college.</def>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>A male teacher.</def> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd>
<def>The director of a number of persons performing a ceremony or
sharing a feast.</def> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>The owner of a docile
brute, -- especially a dog or horse.</def> <sd><i>(j)</i></sd>
<def>The controller of a familiar spirit or other supernatural
being.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who uses, or controls at will,
anything inanimate; as, to be <i>master</i> of one's time.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Master</i> of a hundred thousand
drachms.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are <i>masters</i> of the sea.</blockquote>
<i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who has attained great skill in the
use or application of anything; as, a <i>master</i> of oratorical
art.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great <i>masters</i> of ridicule.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No care is taken to improve young men in their own
language, that they may thoroughly understand and be <i>masters</i>
of it.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A title given by courtesy, now commonly
pronounced <i>m&ibreve;ster</i>, except when given to boys; --
sometimes written <i>Mister</i>, but usually abbreviated to
Mr.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A young gentleman; a lad, or small
boy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where there are little <i>masters</i> and misses in a
house, they are impediments to the diversions of the
servants.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The commander of a merchant
vessel; -- usually called <i>captain</i>. Also, a commissioned
officer in the navy ranking next above ensign and below lieutenant;
formerly, an officer on a man-of-war who had immediate charge, under
the commander, of sailing the vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A person holding an office of authority
among the Freemasons, esp. the presiding officer; also, a person
holding a similar office in other civic societies.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Little masters</b></col>, <cd>certain German engravers of
the 16th century, so called from the extreme smallness of their
prints.</cd> -- <col><b>Master in chancery</b></col>, <cd>an officer
of courts of equity, who acts as an assistant to the chancellor or
judge, by inquiring into various matters referred to him, and
reporting thereon to the court.</cd> -- <col><b>Master of
arts</b></col>, <cd>one who takes the second degree at a university;
also, the degree or title itself, indicated by the abbreviation M.
A., or A. M.</cd> -- <col><b>Master of the horse</b></col>, <cd>the
third great officer in the British court, having the management of
the royal stables, etc. In ceremonial cavalcades he rides next to the
sovereign.</cd> -- <col><b>Master of the rolls</b></col>, <cd>in
England, an officer who has charge of the rolls and patents that pass
the great seal, and of the records of the chancery, and acts as
assistant judge of the court.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> <i>Wharton.</i> --
<col><b>Past master</b></col>, <cd>one who has held the office of
<i>master</i> in a lodge of Freemasons or in a society similarly
organized.</cd> -- <col><b>The old masters</b></col>,
<cd>distinguished painters who preceded modern painters; especially,
the celebrated painters of the 16th and 17th centuries.</cd> --
<col><b>To be master of one's self</b></col>, <cd>to have entire
self-control; not to be governed by passion.</cd> -- <col><b>To be
one's own master</b></col>, <cd>to be at liberty to act as one
chooses without dictation from anybody.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Master</i>, signifying <i>chief</i>, <i>principal</i>,
<i>masterly</i>, <i>superior</i>, <i>thoroughly skilled</i>, etc., is
often used adjectively or in compounds; as, <i>master</i> builder or
<i>master</i>-builder, <i>master</i> chord or <i>master</i>-chord,
<i>master</i> mason or <i>master</i>-mason, <i>master</i> workman or
<i>master</i>-workman, <i>master</i> mechanic, <i>master</i> mind,
<i>master</i> spirit, <i>master</i> passion, etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>Throughout the city by the <i>master</i>
gate.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Master joint</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a quarryman's
term for the more prominent and extended joints traversing a rock
mass.</cd> -- <col><b>Master key</b></col>, <cd>a key adapted to open
several locks differing somewhat from each other; figuratively, a
rule or principle of general application in solving
difficulties.</cd> -- <col><b>Master lode</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>,
<cd>the principal vein of ore.</cd> -- <col><b>Master
mariner</b></col>, <cd>an experienced and skilled seaman who is
certified to be competent to command a merchant vessel.</cd> --
<col><b>Master sinew</b></col> <i>(Far.)</i>, <cd>a large sinew that
surrounds the hough of a horse, and divides it from the bone by a
hollow place, where the windgalls are usually seated.</cd> --
<col><b>Master singer</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Mastersinger</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Master stroke</b></col>, <cd>a capital performance; a
masterly achievement; a consummate action; as, a <i>master stroke</i>
of policy.</cd> -- <col><b>Master tap</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a
tap for forming the thread in a screw cutting die.</cd> --
<col><b>Master touch</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The touch or
skill of a master</cd>. <i>Pope.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Some
part of a performance which exhibits very skillful work or
treatment.</cd> "Some <i>master touches</i> of this admirable piece."
<i>Tatler.</i> -- <col><b>Master work</b></col>, <cd>the most
important work accomplished by a skilled person, as in architecture,
literature, etc.; also, a work which shows the skill of a master; a
masterpiece.</cd> -- <col><b>Master workman</b></col>, <cd>a man
specially skilled in any art, handicraft, or trade, or who is an
overseer, foreman, or employer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mastered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mastering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become the master of;
to subject to one's will, control, or authority; to conquer; to
overpower; to subdue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Obstinacy and willful neglects must be
<i>mastered</i>, even though it cost blows.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gain the command of, so as to
understand or apply; to become an adept in; as, to <i>master</i> a
science.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To own; to posses.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The wealth<BR>
That the world <i>masters</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be skillful; to
excel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Master</i> +
<i>-dom</i>.] <def>Dominion; rule; command.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inclined to play the master; domineering; imperious;
arbitrary.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the skill or power of a master;
indicating or expressing power or mastery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>masterful</i>, pale face.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
masterful manner; imperiously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lawless and rebellious man who held lands
<i>masterfully</i> and in high contempt of the royal
authority.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a master; hence, disposition to command or hector.</def>  <i>C.
Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
master or owner; ungoverned or ungovernable.</def> --
<wf>Mas"ter*less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being masterly; ability to control wisely or
skillfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Suitable to, or characteristic of, a master; indicating thorough
knowledge or superior skill and power; showing a master's hand; as, a
<i>masterly</i> design; a <i>masterly</i> performance; a
<i>masterly</i> policy.</def> "A wise and <i>masterly</i>
inactivity."  <i>Sir J. Mackintosh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Imperious; domineering;
arbitrary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With the skill of
a master.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou dost speak <i>masterly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Masterly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything
done or made with extraordinary skill; a capital performance; a chef-
d'&oelig;uvre; a supreme achievement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The top and <i>masterpiece</i> of art.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dissimulation was his <i>masterpiece</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Claredon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or office of a master.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mastery; dominion; superior skill;
superiority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where noble youths for <i>mastership</i> should
strive.</blockquote> <i>Driden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Chief work; masterpiece.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An ironical title of respect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How now, seignior Launce ! what news with your
<i>mastership</i> ?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*sing`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A translation
of G. <i>meisters&auml;nger</i>.] <def>One of a class of poets which
flourished in Nuremberg and some other cities of Germany in the 15th
and 16th centuries. They bound themselves to observe certain
arbitrary laws of rhythm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tall and coarse European umbelliferous
plant (<i>Peucedanum Ostruthium</i>, formerly
<i>Imperatoria</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The <i>Astrantia
major</i>, a European umbelliferous plant with a showy colored
involucre.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Improperly, the cow parsnip
(<i>Heracleum lanatum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Masteries</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>maistrie</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The position or authority of a master;
dominion; command; supremacy; superiority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If divided by mountains, they will fight for the
<i>mastery</i> of the passages of the tops.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Superiority in war or competition;
victory; triumph; pre&euml;minence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The voice of them that shout for
<i>mastery</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxii. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man that striveth for the <i>mastery</i> is
temperate in all things.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. ix. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, but to have gulled him<BR>
Had been a <i>mastery</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Contest for superiority.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A masterly operation; a feat.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will do a <i>maistrie</i> ere I go.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the philosopher's
stone.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The act process of mastering; the state of
having mastered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He could attain to a <i>mastery</i> in all
languages.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The learning and <i>mastery</i> of a tongue, being
unpleasant in itself, should not be cumbered with other
difficulties.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mast"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See lst <u>Mast</u>.]
<def>Abounding in mast; producing mast in abundance; as, the
<i>mastful</i> forest; a <i>mastful</i> chestnut.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mast"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The top or head of a mast; the part of a mast above the
hounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mast"head"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To cause to go to the masthead as a punishment.</def>
<i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mast"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A building in
which vessels' masts are shaped, fitted, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>mastiche</i>, <i>mastichum</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to chew, because
of its being used in the East for chewing.] [Written also
<i>mastich</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A low shrubby tree of the
genus <i>Pistacia</i> (<i>P. Lentiscus</i>), growing upon the islands
and coasts of the Mediterranean, and producing a valuable resin; --
called also, <i>mastic tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A resin exuding from the mastic tree, and
obtained by incision. The best is in yellowish white, semitransparent
tears, of a faint smell, and is used as an astringent and an
aromatic, also as an ingredient in varnishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cement composed of burnt clay,
litharge, and linseed oil, used for plastering walls, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barbary mastic</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
<i>Pistachia Atlantica</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Peruvian mastic
tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small tree (<i>Schinus Molle</i>)
with peppery red berries; -- called also <i>pepper tree</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>West Indian mastic</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a lofty tree
(<i>Bursera gummifera</i>) full of gum resin in every part.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ti*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being masticated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas`ti*ca"dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>mastigador</i>. See <u>Masticate</u>.] <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A part
of a bridle, the slavering bit.</def> [Written also
<i>mastigador</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mas"ti*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Masticated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Masticating</u> (?).] [L. <i>masticatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>masticare</i> to chew, prob. fr. <i>mastiche</i> mastic. See
<u>Mastic</u>.] <def>To grind or crush with, or as with, the teeth
and prepare for swallowing and digestion; to chew; as, to
<i>masticate</i> food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ti*ca`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
masticates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas`ti*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>masticatio</i>: cf. F. <i>mastication</i>.] <def>The act or
operation of masticating; chewing, as of food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mastication</i> is a necessary preparation of solid
aliment, without which there can be no good digestion.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ti*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who masticates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine for cutting meat into fine
pieces for toothless people; also, a machine for cutting leather,
India rubber, or similar tough substances, into fine pieces, in some
processes of manufacture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ti*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>masticatoire</i>.] <def>Chewing; adapted to perform the office of
chewing food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ti*ca*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A substance to be
chewed to increase the saliva.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas"tich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mastic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ti*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white, amorphous, tenacious substance resembling caoutchouc,
and obtained as an insoluble residue of mastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ti*cot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Massicot.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mas"tiff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mastiffs</b></plw> (&?;). [<plw><b>Mastives</b></plw> is
irregular and unusual.] [Prob. fr. Prov. E. <i>masty</i>, adj.,
large, n., a great dog, prob. fr. <i>mast</i> fruit, and hence, lit.,
fattened with mast. There is perh. confusion with OF. <i>mestif</i>
mongrel; cf. also F. <i>m&acirc;tin</i> mastiff, OF. <i>mastin</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A breed of large dogs noted for strength and
courage. There are various strains, differing in form and color, and
characteristic of different countries.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mastiff bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>, any bat of
the genus <i>Molossus</i>; so called because the face somewhat
resembles that of a mastiff.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ti*go*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Mastigopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mas`ti*gop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>ma`stix</grk>, <grk>-igos</grk>, a whip + <grk>poy`s</grk>,
<grk>podo`s</grk>, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Infusoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ti*gure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ma`stix</grk>, <grk>-igos</grk>, a scourge + &?; tail.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several large spiny-tailed
lizards of the genus <i>Uromastix</i>. They inhabit Southern Asia and
North Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mast"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The act or process of putting a mast or masts into a vessel;
also, the scientific principles which determine the position of
masts, and the mechanical methods of placing them.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Masting house</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a large
building, with suitable mechanism overhanging the water, used for
stepping and unstepping the masts of vessels.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Mas*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>masto`s</grk> breast + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of the breast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mast"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See lst
<u>Mast</u>.] <def>Bearing no mast; as, a <i>mastless</i> oak or
beech.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mast"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Mast</u>.]
<def>Having no mast; as, a <i>mastless</i> vessel.</def></p>

<p><! p. 901 !></p>

<p><hw>Mast"lin</hw> (m&abreve;st"l&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Maslin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"to*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>masto`s</grk> the breast + <grk>'odoy`s</grk>,
<grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth. So called from the conical projections
upon its molar teeth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct genus of
mammals closely allied to the elephant, but having less complex molar
teeth, and often a pair of lower, as well as upper, tusks, which are
incisor teeth.  The species were mostly larger than elephants, and
their remains occur in nearly all parts of the world in deposits
ranging from Miocene to late Quaternary time.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mas`to*don*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
E. <i>Mastodon</i> + Gr. <grk>say^ros</grk> a lizard.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A large extinct genus of labyrinthodonts, found
in the European Triassic rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas`to*don"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or resembling, a mastodon; as, <i>mastodontic</i>
dimensions.</def>  <i>Everett.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mas`to*dyn"i*a</hw> (?), <hw>Mas*tod"y*ny</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>mastodynia</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>masto`s</grk> the breast + &?; pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pain
occuring in the mamma or female breast, -- a form of
neuralgia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>masto`s</grk> the breast + &?; form: cf. F.
<i>masto&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Resembling the nipple or the breast; -- applied specifically to
a process of the temporal bone behind the ear.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to, or in the region of, the
mastoid process; mastoidal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas*toid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mastoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>masto`s</grk> the breast + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F.
<i>mastologie</i>.] <def>The natural history of Mammalia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mistress.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mas`tur*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>masturbatus</i>, p. p. of <i>masturbari</i> to practice onanism:
cf. F. <i>masturbation</i>.] <def>Onanism; self-pollution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mast"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See lst <u>Mast</u>.]
<def>Full of mast; abounding in acorns, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*su"la boat`</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>Masoola
boat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Matte</u>.] <def>A
name given by coppersmiths to an alloy of copper, tin, iron, etc.,
usually called <i>white metal</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>matt</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mat</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. See 4th <u>Mate</u>.]
<def>Cast down; dejected; overthrown; slain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When he saw them so piteous and so
<i>maat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>matt</i>, <i>meatt</i>,
fr. L. <i>matta</i> a mat made of rushes.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
fabric of sedge, rushes, flags, husks, straw, hemp, or similar
material, used for wiping and cleaning shoes at the door, for
covering the floor of a hall or room, and for other
purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any similar fabric for various uses, as
for covering plant houses, putting beneath dishes or lamps on a
table, securing rigging from friction, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything growing thickly, or closely
interwoven, so as to resemble a mat in form or texture; as, a
<i>mat</i> of weeds; a <i>mat</i> of hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An ornamental border made of paper,
pasterboard, metal, etc., put under the glass which covers a framed
picture; as, the <i>mat</i> of a daguerreotype.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mat grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A low, tufted, European grass (<i>Nardus stricta</i>)</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Same as <u>Matweed</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mat
rush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of rush (<i>Scirpus
lacustris</i>) used in England for making mats.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Matted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Matting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover or lay with
mats.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To twist, twine, or felt together; to
interweave into, or like, a mat; to entangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And o'er his eyebrows hung his <i>matted</i>
hair.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow thick together;
to become interwoven or felted together like a mat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`ta*chin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>An old
dance with swords and bucklers; a sword dance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"a*co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The three-banded armadillo (<i>Tolypeutis tricinctus</i>). See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Loricata</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mat"a*dore</hw>, <hw>Mat"a*dor</hw>} (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>matador</i>, prop., a killer, fr.
<i>matar</i> to kill, L. <i>mactare</i> to sacrifice, kill.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The killer; the man appointed to kill the
bull in bullfights.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>In the game of
quadrille or omber, the three principal trumps, the ace of spades
being the first, the ace of clubs the third, and the second being the
deuce of a black trump or the seven of a red one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Lady Tricksey played a four,<BR>
You took it with a <i>matadore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mat`a*gasse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A shrike or butcher bird; -- called also
<i>mattages</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ma`ta*ma"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bearded tortoise (<i>Chelys
fimbriata</i>) of South American rivers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*tan"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., slaughter, fr.
<i>matar</i> to kill.] <def>A place where animals are slaughtered for
their hides and tallow.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Match</hw> (m&abreve;ch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>macche</i>, F. <i>m&egrave;che</i>, F. <i>m&egrave;che</i>, fr. L.
<i>myxa</i> a lamp nozzle, Gr. <grk>my`xa</grk> mucus, nostril, a
lamp nozzle.  Cf. <u>Mucus</u>.] <def>Anything used for catching and
retaining or communicating fire, made of some substance which takes
fire readily, or remains burning some time; esp., a small strip or
splint of wood dipped at one end in a substance which can be easily
ignited by friction, as a preparation of phosphorus or chlorate of
potassium.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Match box</b></col>, <cd>a box for holding matches.</cd> -
- <col><b>Match tub</b></col>, <cd>a tub with a perforated cover for
holding slow matches for firing cannon, esp. on board ship. The tub
contains a little water in the bottom, for extinguishing sparks from
the lighted matches.</cd> -- <col><b>Quick match</b></col>,
<cd>threads of cotton or cotton wick soaked in a solution of
gunpowder mixed with gum arabic and boiling water and afterwards
strewed over with mealed powder. It burns at the rate of one yard in
thirteen seconds, and is used as priming for heavy mortars,
fireworks, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Slow match</b></col>, <cd>slightly
twisted hempen rope soaked in a solution of limewater and saltpeter
or washed in a lye of water and wood ashes. It burns at the rate of
four or five inches an hour, and is used for firing cannon,
fireworks, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Match</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>macche</i>, AS.
<i>gem&aelig;cca</i>; akin to <i>gemaca</i>, and to OS.
<i>gimako</i>, OHG. <i>gimah</i> fitting, suitable, convenient, Icel.
<i>mark</i> suitable, <i>maki</i> mate, Sw. <i>make</i>, Dan.
<i>mage</i>; all from the root of E. <i>make</i>, v. See <u>Make</u>
mate, and <u>Make</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Mate</u> an
associate.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing equal or similar to
another; one able to mate or cope with another; an equal; a
mate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Government . . . makes an innocent man, though of the
lowest rank, a <i>match</i> for the mightiest of his fellow
subjects.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bringing together of two parties suited
to one another, as for a union, a trial of skill or force, a contest,
or the like</def>; as, specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
contest to try strength or skill, or to determine superiority; an
emulous struggle.</def> "Many a warlike <i>match</i>."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A solemn <i>match</i> was made; he lost the
prize.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A matrimonial union; a
marriage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An agreement, compact, etc.</def> "Thy
hand upon that <i>match</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Love doth seldom suffer itself to be confined by other
<i>matches</i> than those of its own making.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A candidate for matrimony; one to be
gained in marriage.</def> "She . . . was looked upon as the richest
<i>match</i> of the West."  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Equality of conditions in contest or
competition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were no <i>match</i>, your nail against his
horn.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Suitable combination or bringing together;
that which corresponds or harmonizes with something else; as, the
carpet and curtains are a <i>match</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A perforated board,
block of plaster, hardened sand, etc., in which a pattern is partly
imbedded when a mold is made, for giving shape to the surfaces of
separation between the parts of the mold.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Match boarding</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>boards fitted
together with tongue and groove, or prepared to be so fitted.</cd> --
<col><b>Match game</b></col>, <cd>a game arranged as a test of
superiority.</cd> -- <col><b>Match plane</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>,
<cd>either of the two planes used to shape the edges of boards which
are joined by grooving and tonguing.</cd> -- <col><b>Match
plate</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>a board or plate on the
opposite sides of which the halves of a pattern are fastened, to
facilitate molding.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Match
wheel</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a cogwheel of suitable pitch to
work with another wheel; specifically, one of a pair of cogwheels of
equal size.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Match</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Matched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Matching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be a mate or match for;
to be able to complete with; to rival successfully; to
equal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No settled senses of the world can <i>match</i><BR>
The pleasure of that madness.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with its match; to bring a
match, or equal, against; to show an equal competitor to; to set
something in competition with, or in opposition to, as
equal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No history or antiquity can <i>match</i>is policies
and his conduct.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To oppose as equal; to contend
successfully against.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eternal might<BR>
To <i>match</i> with their inventions they presumed<BR>
So easy, and of his thunder made a scorn.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make or procure the equal of, or that
which is exactly similar to, or corresponds with; as, to <i>match</i>
a vase or a horse; to <i>match</i> cloth.</def> "<i>Matching</i> of
patterns and colors."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make equal, proportionate, or suitable;
to adapt, fit, or suit (one thing <i>to</i> another).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let poets <i>match</i> their subject to their
strength.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To marry; to give in marriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A senator of Rome survived,<BR>
Would not have <i>matched</i> his daughter with a king.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To fit together, or make suitable for
fitting together; specifically, to furnish with a tongue and a
groove, at the edges; as, to <i>match</i> boards.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Matching machine</b></col>, <cd>a planing machine for
forming a tongue or a groove on the edge of a board.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Match</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be united in marriage; to mate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hold it a sin to <i>match</i> in my
kindred.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let tigers <i>match</i> with hinds, and wolves with
sheep.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be of equal, or similar, size, figure,
color, or quality; to tally; to suit; to correspond; as, these vases
<i>match</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Match"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being matched; comparable on equal conditions; adapted to being
joined together; correspondent.</def> -- <wf>Match"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir Walter Raleigh . . . is <i>matchable</i> with the
best of the ancients.</blockquote> <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Match"-cloth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coarse
cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Match"-coat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coat made
of match-cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Match"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, matches; a matching machine. See under 3d
<u>Match</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Match"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Mateless</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having no equal; unequaled.</def> "A
<i>matchless</i> queen."  <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unlike each other; unequal;
unsuited.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Matchless</i> ears."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>
-- <wf>Match"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Match"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Match"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old form of
gunlock containing a match for firing the priming; hence, a musket
fired by means of a match.</def></p>

<p><hw>Match"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who makes matches for burning or kinding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who tries to bring about
marriages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Match"mak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of making matches for kindling or
burning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of trying to bring
about a marriage for others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Match"mak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Busy in making
or contriving marriages; as, a <i>matchmaking</i> woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>The Paraguay
tea, being the dried leaf of the Brazilian holly (<i>Ilex
Paraguensis</i>). The infusion has a pleasant odor, with an agreeable
bitter taste, and is much used for tea in South America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mat</i>, abbrev.
fr. &eacute;chec et <i>mat</i>. See <u>Checkmate</u>.] <i>(Chess)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Checkmate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See 2d <u>Mat</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>mater</i> to
fatigue, enfeeble, humiliate, checkmate. See <u>Mate</u>
checkmate.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To confuse; to confound.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To checkmate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps for older <i>make</i>
a companion; cf. also OD. <i>maet</i> companion, mate, D.
<i>maat</i>.  Cf. <u>Make</u> a companion, <u>Match</u> a mate.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who customarily associates with another;
a companion; an associate; any object which is associated or combined
with a similar object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, specifically, a husband or wife;
and among the lower animals, one of a pair associated for propagation
and the care of their young.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A suitable companion; a match; an
equal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye knew me once no <i>mate</i><BR>
For you; there sitting where you durst not soar.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An officer in a merchant
vessel ranking next below the captain. If there are more than one
bearing the title, they are called, respectively, <i>first mate</i>,
<i>second mate</i>, <i>third mate</i>, etc. In the navy, a
subordinate officer or assistant; as, master's <i>mate</i>; surgeon's
<i>mate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To match; to marry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If she be <i>mated</i> with an equal
husband.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To match one's self against; to oppose as
equal; to compete with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no passion in the mind of man so weak but it
<i>mates</i> and masters the fear of death.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I, . . . in the way of loyalty and truth, . . .<BR>
Dare <i>mate</i> a sounder man than Surrey can be.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be or become a mate
or mates, especially in sexual companionship; as, some birds
<i>mate</i> for life; this bird will not <i>mate</i> with that
one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mate"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Matchless</u>.]
<def>Having no mate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"e*lote</hw> (m&abreve;t"&esl;*l&omacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>matelot</i> a sailor; properly, a
dish such as sailors prepare.] <def>A dish of food composed of many
kinds of fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma`te*ol"o*gy</hw>
(m&amacr;`t&esl;*&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>mataiologi`a</grk>; <grk>ma`taios</grk> useless, vain +
<grk>lo`gos</grk> discourse: cf. F. <i>mat&eacute;ologie</i>.] <def>A
vain, unprofitable discourse or inquiry.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ma`te*o*tech"ny</hw>
(m&amacr;`t&esl;*&osl;*t&ebreve;k"n&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>mataiotechni`a</grk>; <grk>ma`taios</grk> vain +
<grk>te`chnh</grk> art, science.] <def>Any unprofitable
science.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ma"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., mother. See
<u>Mother</u>.] <def>See <u>Alma mater</u>, <u>Dura mater</u>, and
<u>Pia mater</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>materialis</i>, fr. <i>materia</i> stuff, matter: cf. F.
<i>mat&eacute;riel</i>. See <u>Matter</u>, and cf.
<u>Mat&Eacute;riel</u>.] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of matter; not spiritual;
corporeal; physical; as, <i>material</i> substance or
bodies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>material</i> elements of the
universe.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Pertaining to, or affecting, the
physical nature of man, as distinguished from the mental or moral
nature; relating to the bodily wants, interests, and
comforts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of solid or weighty character; not
insubstantial; of consequence; not be dispensed with;
important.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Discourse, which was always <i>material</i>, never
trifling.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall, in the account of simple ideas, set down only
such as are most <i>material</i> to our present purpose.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the matter,
as opposed to the form, of a thing. See <u>Matter</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Material cause</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cause</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Material evidence</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>evidence
which conduces to the proof or disproof of a relevant
hypothesis.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Corporeal; bodily; important; weighty; momentous;
essential.</p>

<p><hw>Ma*te"ri*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The substance or
matter of which anything is made or may be made.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Raw material</b></col>, <cd>any crude, unfinished, or
elementary materials that are adapted to use only by processes of
skilled labor. Cotton, wool, ore, logs, etc., are <i>raw
material</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ma*te"ri*al</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form from
matter; to materialize.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*te"ri*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mat&eacute;rialisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine of materialists;
materialistic views and tenets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The irregular fears of a future state had been
supplanted by the <i>materialism</i> of Epicurus.</blockquote>
<i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tendency to give undue importance to
material interests; devotion to the material nature and its
wants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Material substances in the aggregate;
matter.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.]  <i>A. Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><! p. 902 !></p>

<p><hw>Ma*te"ri*al*ist</hw>
(m&adot;*t&emacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l*&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>mat&eacute;rialiste</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who denies the existence of spiritual
substances or agents, and maintains that spiritual phenomena, so
called, are the result of some peculiar organization of
matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who holds to the existence of matter,
as distinguished from the idealist, who denies it.</def>
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*te`ri*al*is"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Ma*te`ri*al*is"tic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to materialism or
materialists; of the nature of materialism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But to me his very spiritualism seemed more
<i>materialistic</i> than his physics.</blockquote> <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*te`ri*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mat&eacute;rialit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being material;
material existence; corporeity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Importance; as, the <i>materiality</i> of
facts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*te`ri*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of materializing, or the state of being materialized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*te"ri*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Materialized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Materializing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>mat&eacute;rialiser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To invest with
material characteristics; to make perceptible to the senses; hence,
to present to the mind through the medium of material
objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Having with wonderful art and beauty
<i>materialized</i>, if I may so call it, a scheme of abstracted
notions, and clothed the most nice, refined conceptions of philosophy
in sensible images.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To regard as matter; to consider or
explain by the laws or principles which are appropriate to
matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to assume a character appropriate
to material things; to occupy with material interests; as, to
<i>materialize</i> thought.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Spiritualism)</i> <def>To make visable in,
or as in, a material form; -- said of spirits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A female spirit form temporarily <i>materialized</i>,
and not distinguishable from a human being.</blockquote> <i>Epes
Sargent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*te"ri*al*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To appear
as a material form; to take substantial shape.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Ma*te"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In the state of matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not mean that anything is separable from a body
by fire that was not <i>materially</i> pre&euml;xistent in
it.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In its essence; substantially.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An ill intention is certainly sufficient to spoil . .
. an act in itself <i>materially</i> good.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In an important manner or degree;
essentially; as, it <i>materially</i> concerns us to know the real
motives of our actions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*te"ri*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being material.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*te"ri*a med"i*ca</hw> (?). [L. See <u>Matter</u>, and
<u>Medical</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Material or substance used
in the composition of remedies; -- a general term for all substances
used as curative agents in medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That branch of medical science which
treats of the nature and properties of all the substances that are
employed for the cure of diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*te`ri*a"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>materiarius</i>.] <def>See <u>Materialist</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*te"ri*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Ma*te"ri*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>materiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>materiare</i>
to build of wood.] <def>Consisting of matter.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*te`ri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>materiatio</i> woodwork.] <def>Act of forming matter.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`t&eacute;`ri`el"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Material</u>.] <def>That in a complex system which constitutes the
<i>materials</i>, or instruments employed, in distinction from the
<i>personnel</i>, or men; as, the baggage, munitions, provisions,
etc., of an army; or the buildings, libraries, and apparatus of a
college, in distinction from its officers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*te"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Material</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ma*ter"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>maternel</i>,
L. <i>maternus</i>, fr. <i>mater</i> mother. See <u>Mother</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a mother; becoming to a mother; motherly;
as, <i>maternal</i> love; <i>maternal</i> tenderness.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Motherly</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ma*ter"nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a motherly
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ter"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>maternit&eacute;</i>, LL. <i>maternitas</i>.] <def>The state of
being a mother; the character or relation of a mother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"fel*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W.
<i>madfelen</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The knapweed (<i>Centaurea
nigra</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Math</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&aemacr;&eth;</i>; akin to <i>m&amacr;wan</i> to mow, G.
<i>mahd</i> math. See <u>Mow</u> to cut (grass).] <def>A mowing, or
that which is gathered by mowing; -- chiefly used in composition; as,
an after<i>math</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The first mowing thereof, for the king's use, is wont
to be sooner than the common <i>math</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Math`e*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>math&eacute;matique</i>, L. <i>mathematicus</i>, Gr. &?; disposed
to learn, belonging to learning or the sciences, especially to
mathematics, fr. &?; that which is learned, learning, pl. &?; things
learned, learning, science, especially mathematical science, fr. &?;,
&?;, to learn; akin to E. <i>mind</i>. See <u>Mind</u>.] <def>See
<u>Mathematical</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Math`e*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Mathematic</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to mathematics; according
to mathematics; hence, theoretically precise; accurate; as,
<i>mathematical</i> geography; <i>mathematical</i> instruments;
<i>mathematical</i> exactness.</def> -- <wf>Math`e*mat"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Math`e*ma*ti"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>math&eacute;maticien</i>.] <def>One versed in
mathematics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Math`e*mat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>math&eacute;matiques</i>, pl., L. <i>mathematica</i>, sing., Gr.
&?; (sc. &?;) science. See <u>Mathematic</u>, and <u>-ics</u>.]
<def>That science, or class of sciences, which treats of the exact
relations existing between quantities or magnitudes, and of the
methods by which, in accordance with these relations, quantities
sought are deducible from other quantities known or supposed; the
science of spatial and quantitative relations.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Mathematics</i> embraces three departments, namely:
<b>1.</b> <i>Arithmetic</i>. <b>2.</b> <i>Geometry</i>, including
<i>Trigonometry</i> and <i>Conic Sections</i>. <b>3.</b>
<i>Analysis</i>, in which letters are used, including <i>Algebra</i>,
<i>Analytical Geometry</i>, and <i>Calculus</i>. Each of these
divisions is divided into <i>pure</i> or <i>abstract</i>, which
considers magnitude or quantity abstractly, without relation to
matter; and <i>mixed</i> or <i>applied</i>, which treats of magnitude
as subsisting in material bodies, and is consequently interwoven with
physical considerations.</p>

<p><hw>Math"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Madder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Math"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. corrupted fr. L.
<i>anthemis</i> camomile, Gr. &?; .] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The mayweed.
Cf. <u>Maghet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma*the"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
from &?;, &?;, to learn.] <def>Learning; especially,
mathematics.</def> [R.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Math"u*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>See <u>Trinitarian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ti"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Peruvian plant (<i>Piper, or Artanthe, elongatum</i>), allied to the
pepper, the leaves of which are used as a styptic and
astringent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A fat herring with undeveloped roe.</def> [Written also
<i>matty</i>.] [Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||M&acirc;`tin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&acirc;tin</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A French
mastiff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. fr. L.
<i>matutinum</i> the morning, <i>matutinus</i> of the morning,
<i>Matuta</i> the goddess of the morning. See <u>Matutinal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Morning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> [F. <i>matines</i>. See Etymol.
above.] <def>Morning worship or service; morning prayers or
songs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The winged choristers began<BR>
To chirp their <i>matins</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cleveland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Time of morning service; the first
canonical hour in the Roman Catholic Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"in</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
morning, or to matins; used in the morning; matutinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"in*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to the
morning, or to matins; matutinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat`i*n&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from
<i>matin</i>. See <u>Matin</u>.] <def>A reception, or a musical or
dramatic entertainment, held in the daytime. See
<u>Soir&Eacute;e</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*trass"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>matras</i>;
perh. so called from its long narrow neck; cf. OF. <i>matras</i>
large arrow, L. <i>materis</i>, <i>mataris</i>, <i>matara</i>, a
Celtic javelin, pike; of Celtic origin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A round-
bottomed glass flask having a long neck; a bolthead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Matress</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"tri*arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mater</i>
mother + <i>-arch</i>.] <def>The mother and ruler of a family or of
her descendants; a ruler by maternal right.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma`tri*ar"chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a matriarch; governed by a matriarch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"tri*ar"chate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or jurisdiction of a matriarch; a matriarchal form of
government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"trice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>matrice</i>. See <u>Matrix</u>.] <def>See <u>Matrix</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ri*ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to matricide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ri*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>matricidium</i>; <i>mater</i> mother + <i>coedere</i> to kill,
slay: cf. F. <i>matricide</i>. See <u>Mother</u>, and cf.
<u>Homicide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The murder of a mother by
her son or daughter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [L. <i>matricida</i>: cf. F. <i>matricide</i>.]
<def>One who murders one's own mother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*tric"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Matriculated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Matriculating</u>.] [L. <i>matricula</i> a public
roll or register, dim. of <i>matrix</i> a mother, in respect to
propagation, also, a public register. See <u>Matrix</u>.] <def>To
enroll; to enter in a register; specifically, to enter or admit to
membership in a body or society, particularly in a college or
university, by enrolling the name in a register.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In discovering and <i>matriculating</i> the arms of
commissaries from North America.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*tric"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go though
the process of admission to membership, as by examination and
enrollment, in a society or college.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*tric"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Matriculated.</def> <i>Skelton.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who is matriculated.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*tric`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of matriculating; the state of being
matriculated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ri*moine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Matrimony.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mat`ri*mo"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>matrimonialis</i>: cf. F. <i>matrimonial</i>. See
<u>Matrimony</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to marriage; derived from
marriage; connubial; nuptial; hymeneal; as, <i>matrimonial</i> rights
or duties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he relied upon that title, he could be but a king
at courtesy, and have rather a <i>matrimonial</i> than a regal
power.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Connubial; conjugal; sponsal; spousal; nuptial;
hymeneal.</p>

<p><hw>Mat`ri*mo"ni*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
matrimonial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat`ri*mo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Matrimonial.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ri*mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>matrimoine</i>, through Old French, fr. L. <i>matrimonium</i>, fr.
<i>mater</i> mother. See <u>Mother</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The union of man and woman as husband and
wife; the nuptial state; marriage; wedlock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If either of you know any impediment, why ye may not
be lawfully joined together in <i>matrimony</i>, ye do now confess
it.</blockquote> <i>Book of Com. Prayer (Eng. Ed. )</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of game at cards played by several
persons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Matrimony vine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a climbing
thorny vine (<i>Lycium barbarum</i>) of the Potato family.</cd>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Marriage; wedlock. See <u>Marriage</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ma"trix</hw> (m&amacr;"tr&ibreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Matrices</b></plw>
(m&abreve;t"r&ibreve;*s&emacr;z). [L., fr. <i>mater</i> mother. See
<u>Mother</u>, and cf. <u>Matrice</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The womb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that openeth the <i>matrix</i> is
mine.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxiv. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, that which gives form or origin to
anything</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The
cavity in which anything is formed, and which gives it shape; a die;
a mold, as for the face of a type.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>The earthy or stony substance in which metallic
ores or crystallized minerals are found; the gangue.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Dyeing)</i> <def>The five simple
colors, black, white, blue, red, and yellow, of which all the rest
are composed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The lifeless portion of
tissue, either animal or vegetable, situated between the cells; the
intercellular substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A rectangular arrangement
of symbols in rows and columns. The symbols may express quantities or
operations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>matrone</i>, L.
<i>matrona</i>, fr. <i>mater</i> mother. See <u>Mother</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wife or a widow, especially, one who has
borne children; a woman of staid or motherly manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your wives, your daughters,<BR>
Your <i>matrons</i>, and your maids.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Grave from her cradle, insomuch that she was a
<i>matron</i> before she was a mother.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A housekeeper; esp., a woman who manages
the domestic economy of a public instution; a head nurse in a
hospital; as, the <i>matron</i> of a school or hospital.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jury of matrons</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a jury of
experienced women called to determine the question of pregnancy when
set up in bar of execution, and for other cognate purposes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ron*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of a matron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of matrons.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can a politician slight the feelings and convictions
of the whole <i>matronage</i> of his country ?</blockquote>
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ron*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>matronalis</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a matron; suitable to an
elderly lady or to a married woman; grave; motherly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"tron*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a matron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ron*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Matronized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Matronizing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
a matron of; to make matronlike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Childbed <i>matronizes</i> the giddiest
spirits.</blockquote> <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act the part of a matron toward; to
superintend; to chaperone; as, to <i>matronize</i> an
assembly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"tron*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
matron; sedate; grave; matronly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"tron*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Advanced in years; elderly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like, or befitting, a matron; grave;
sedate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat`ro*nym"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mater</i>
mother + <i>-nymic</i>, as in <i>patronimic</i>.] <def>See
<u>Metronymic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*tross"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>matroos</i>,
fr. F. <i>matelot</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Formerly, in the British
service, a gunner or a gunner's mate; one of the soldiers in a train
of artillery, who assisted the gunners in loading, firing, and
sponging the guns.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Matt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Matte</u>.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mat`ta*ges"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A shrike or butcher bird; -- written also
<i>matagasse</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mat"ta*more`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>matamore</i>, from Ar. <i>ma&tsdot;m&omacr;ra</i>.] <def>A
subterranean repository for wheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Matte</hw> (m&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>matte</i>; cf. F. <i>mat</i>, masc., <i>matte</i>, fem., faint,
dull, dim; -- said of metals. See <u>Mate</u> checkmate.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metallurgy)</i> <def>A partly reduced copper
sulphide, obtained by alternately roasting and melting copper ore in
separating the metal from associated iron ores, and called <i>coarse
metal</i>, <i>fine metal</i>, etc., according to the grade of
fineness. On the exterior it is dark brown or black, but on a fresh
surface is yellow or bronzy in color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dead or dull finish, as in gilding where
the gold leaf is not burnished, or in painting where the surface is
purposely deprived of gloss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Matte</u>.]
<def>Having a dull surface; unburnished; as, <i>matted</i> gold leaf
or gilding.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Matted glass</b></col>, <cd>glass ornamented with figures
on a dull ground.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ted</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Mat</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered with a mat or mats; as, a
<i>matted</i> floor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tangled closely together; having its parts
adhering closely together; as, <i>matted</i> hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>matere</i>, F.
<i>mati&egrave;re</i>, fr. L. <i>materia</i>; perh. akin to L.
<i>mater</i> mother.  Cf. <u>Mother</u>, <u>Madeira</u>,
<u>Material</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That of which anything is
composed; constituent substance; material; the material or
substantial part of anything; the constituent elements of conception;
that into which a notion may be analyzed; the essence; the pith; the
embodiment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is the <i>matter</i> of virtue.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That of which the sensible universe and
all existent bodies are composed; anything which has extension,
occupies space, or is perceptible by the senses; body;
substance.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Matter</i> is usually divided by philosophical writers
into three kinds or classes: <i>solid</i>, <i>liquid</i>, and
<i>a&euml;riform</i>. <i>Solid</i> substances are those whose parts
firmly cohere and resist impression, as wood or stone. <i>Liquids</i>
have free motion among their parts, and easily yield to impression,
as water and wine. <i>A&euml;riform</i> substances are elastic
fluids, called <i>vapors</i> and <i>gases</i>, as air and oxygen
gas.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That with regard to, or about which,
anything takes place or is done; the thing aimed at, treated of, or
treated; subject of action, discussion, consideration, feeling,
complaint, legal action, or the like; theme.</def> "If the
<i>matter</i> should be tried by duel."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Son of God, Savior of men ! Thy name<BR>
Shall be the copious <i>matter</i> of my song.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every great <i>matter</i> they shall bring unto thee,
but every small <i>matter</i> they shall judge.</blockquote> <i>Ex.
xviii. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which one has to treat, or with which
one has to do; concern; affair; business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To help the <i>matter</i>, the alchemists call in many
vanities out of astrology.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some young female seems to have carried <i>matters</i>
so far, that she is ripe for asking advice.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Affair worthy of account; thing of
consequence; importance; significance; moment; -- chiefly in the
phrases <i>what matter</i> ? <i>no matter</i>, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A prophet some, and some a poet, cry;<BR>
No <i>matter</i> which, so neither of them lie.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Inducing cause or occasion, especially of
anything disagreeable or distressing; difficulty; trouble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And this is the <i>matter</i> why interpreters upon
that passage in Hosea will not consent it to be a true story, that
the prophet took a harlot to wife.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 903 !></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Amount; quantity; portion; space; -- often
indefinite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Away he goes, . . . a <i>matter</i> of seven
miles.</blockquote> <i>L' Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have thoughts to tarry a small
<i>matter</i>.</blockquote> <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No small <i>matter</i> of British forces were
commanded over sea the year before.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Substance excreted from living animal
bodies; that which is thrown out or discharged in a tumor, boil, or
abscess; pus; purulent substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>That which is permanent,
or is supposed to be given, and in or upon which changes are effected
by psychological or physical processes and relations; -- opposed to
<i>form</i>.</def>  <i>Mansel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Written manuscript, or
anything to be set in type; copy; also, type set up and ready to be
used, or which has been used, in printing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dead matter</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>type which has
been used, or which is not to be used, in printing, and is ready for
distribution.</cd> -- <col><b>Live matter</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>,
<cd>type set up, but not yet printed from.</cd> -- <col><b>Matter in
bar</b></col>, <col><b>Matter of fact</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bar</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Matter of
record</b></col>, <cd>anything recorded.</cd> -- <col><b>Upon the
matter</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Upon the whole matter</b></col>,
<cd>considering the whole; taking all things into view.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Waller, with Sir William Balfour, exceeded in horse,
but were, <i>upon the whole matter</i>, equal in foot.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mattered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mattering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be of importance; to
import; to signify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>matters</i> not how they were
called.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form pus or matter, as an abscess; to
maturate.</def> [R.] "Each slight sore <i>mattereth</i>."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To regard as
important; to take account of; to care for.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He did not <i>matter</i> cold nor hunger.</blockquote>
<i>H. Brooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ter*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not being, or having, matter; as, <i>matterless</i>
spirits.</def>  <i>Davies (Wit's Pilgr. ).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unimportant; immaterial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mat"ter-of-fact"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adhering
to facts; not turning aside from absolute realities; not fanciful or
imaginative; commonplace; dry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Generating or containing pus; purulent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of substance or matter;
important.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Mat</u>,
<pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
interweaving or tangling together so as to make a mat; the process of
becoming matted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mats, in general, or collectively; mat
work; a matlike fabric, for use in covering floors, packing articles,
and the like; a kind of carpeting made of straw, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Materials for mats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An ornamental border. See 3d <u>Mat</u>,
4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"ting</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Matte</u>.] <def>A
dull, lusterless surface in certain of the arts, as gilding, metal
work, glassmaking, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"tock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mattuc</i>;
cf. W. <i>matog</i>.] <def>An implement for digging and grubbing. The
head has two long steel blades, one like an adz and the other like a
narrow ax or the point of a pickax.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is you must dig with <i>mattock</i> and with
spade.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mat`to*wac"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Indian name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American clupeoid fish (<i>Clupea
mediocris</i>), similar to the shad in habits and appearance, but
smaller and less esteemed for food; -- called also <i>hickory
shad</i>, <i>tailor shad</i>, <i>fall herring</i>, and <i>shad
herring</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>materas</i>,
F. <i>matelas</i>, LL. <i>matratium</i>; cf. Sp. &amp; Pg.
al<i>madraque</i>, Pr. al<i>matrac</i>; all from Ar.
<i>ma&tsdot;rah</i> a place where anything is thrown, what is thrown
under something, fr. <i>&tsdot;araha</i> to throw.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quilted bed; a bed stuffed with hair,
moss, or other suitable material, and quilted or otherwise
fastened.</def> [Written also <i>matress</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hydraulic Engin.)</i> <def>A mass of
interwoven brush, poles, etc., to protect a bank from being worn away
by currents or waves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"u*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>maturans</i>,
p. pr. See <u>Maturate</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine, or
application, which promotes suppuration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Maturated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Maturating</u> (?).] [L. <i>maturatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>maturare</i> to make ripe, fr. <i>maturus</i> ripe, mature. See
<u>Mature</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring to ripeness or maturity; to
ripen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tree may be <i>maturated</i>
artificially.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To promote the perfect suppuration of (an
abscess).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"u*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ripen; to
become mature; specifically, to suppurate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maturatio</i> a hastening: cf. F. <i>maturation</i>.] <def>The
process of bringing, or of coming, to maturity; hence, specifically,
the process of suppurating perfectly; the formation of pus or
matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"u*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>maturatif</i>.] <def>Conducing to ripeness or maturity; hence,
conducing to suppuration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"u*ra*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
remedy promoting maturation; a maturant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ture"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Maturer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Maturest</u>.] [L. <i>maturus</i>; prob.
akin to E. <i>matin</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Brought by natural process to completeness
of growth and development; fitted by growth and development for any
function, action, or state, appropriate to its kind; full-grown;
ripe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now is love <i>mature</i> in ear.</blockquote>
<i>Tennison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How shall I meet, or how accost, the sage,<BR>
Unskilled in speech, nor yet <i>mature</i> of age ?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Completely worked out; fully digested or
prepared; ready for action; made ready for destined application or
use; perfected; as, a <i>mature</i> plan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This lies glowing, . . . and is almost <i>mature</i>
for the violent breaking out.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a condition of full
development; as, a man of <i>mature</i> years.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Come to, or in a state of, completed
suppuration.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ripe; perfect; completed; prepared; digested;
ready.  -- <u>Mature</u>, <u>Ripe</u>. Both words describe
<i>fullness</i> of growth. <i>Mature</i> brings to view the
progressiveness of the process; <i>ripe</i> indicates the result. We
speak of a thing as <i>mature</i> when thinking of the successive
<i>stayes</i> through which it has passed; as <i>ripe</i>, when our
attention is directed merely to its state. A <i>mature</i> judgment;
<i>mature</i> consideration; <i>ripe</i> fruit; a <i>ripe</i>
scholar.</p>

<p><hw>Ma*ture"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Matured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Maturing</u>.] [See <u>Maturate</u>, <u>Mature</u>.] <def>To bring
or hasten to maturity; to promote ripeness in; to ripen; to complete;
as, to <i>mature</i> one's plans.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ture"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To advance toward maturity; to become ripe; as, wine
<i>matures</i> by age; the judgment <i>matures</i> by age and
experience.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to become due, as a note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ture"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a mature manner; with ripeness; completely.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With caution; deliberately.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Early; soon.</def> [A Latinism, little
used]  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ture"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being mature; maturity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*tur"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who brings
to maturity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat`u*res"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maturescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>maturescere</i> to become ripe, v.
incho. from <i>maturus</i>. See <u>Mature</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Approaching maturity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*tur"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Approaching
maturity; as, <i>maturing</i> fruits; <i>maturing</i> notes of
hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*tu"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maturitas</i>: cf. F. <i>maturit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being mature;
ripeness; full development; as, the <i>maturity</i> of corn or of
grass; <i>maturity</i> of judgment; the <i>maturity</i> of a
plan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Arrival of the time fixed for payment; a
becoming due; termination of the period a note, etc., has to
run.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat`u*ti"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>matutinalis</i>, <i>matutinus</i>: cf. F. <i>matutinal</i>. See
<u>Matin</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the morning; early.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*tu"ti*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Matutinal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mat"u*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Matutinal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mat"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name of several maritime grasses, as the sea sand-reed (<i>Ammophila
arundinacea</i>) which is used in Holland to bind the sand of the
seacoast dikes (see <i>Beach grass</i>, under <u>Beach</u>); also,
the <i>Lygeum Spartum</i>, a Mediterranean grass of similar
habit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymology uncertain.]
<def>A native house servant in India.</def>  <i>Balfour (Cyc. of
India).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Matz"oth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>matsts&omacr;th</i>, pl. of <i>matsts&amacr;h</i> unleavened.]
<def>A cake of unleavened bread eaten by the Jews at the feast of the
Passover.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mau*ca"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lemur; -- applied to several
species, as the White-fronted, the ruffed, and the ring-tailed
lemurs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gray plaid; -- used
by shepherds in Scotland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mau"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw onto
confusion or disorder; to render maudlin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Maud"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>Maudlin</i>,
a contr. of <i>Magdalen</i>, OE. <i>Maudeleyne</i>, who is drawn by
painters with eyes swelled and red with weeping.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tearful; easily moved to tears; exciting to tears; excessively
sentimental; weak and silly.</def> "<i>Maudlin</i> eyes."
<i>Dryden.</i> "<i>Maudlin</i> eloquence." <i>Roscommon.</i> "A
<i>maudlin</i> poetess." <i>Pope.</i> "<i>Maudlin</i> crowd."
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Drunk, or somewhat drunk; fuddled; given
to drunkenness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Maudlin</i> Clarence in his malmsey
butt.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Maud"lin</hw>, <hw>Maude"line</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aromatic composite herb,
the costmary; also, the South European <i>Achillea Ageratum</i>, a
kind of yarrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maud"lin*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maudlin
state.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maud"lin*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The oxeye daisy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mau"ger</hw>, <hw>Mau"gre</hw>  } (m&add;"g&etilde;r),
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OF. <i>maugr&eacute;</i>,
<i>malgr&eacute;</i>, F. <i>malgr&eacute;</i>. See <u>Mal-</u>,
<u>Malice</u>, and <u>Agree</u>.] <def>In spite of; in opposition to;
notwithstanding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man must needs love <i>maugre</i> his
heed.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>mauger</i> all the world will I keep
safe.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mau"gre</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To defy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mau"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Malkin</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hare.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Maul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mall</u> a
hammer.] <def>A heavy wooden hammer or beetle.</def> [Written also
<i>mall</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Maul</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mauled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mauling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat and bruise with a
heavy stick or cudgel; to wound in a coarse manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Meek modern faith to murder, hack, and
<i>maul</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To injure greatly; to do much harm
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>mauls</i> not only the person misrepreseted, but
him also to whom he is misrepresented.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
common mallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maul"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A severe beating
with a stick, cudgel, or the fist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maul"-stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>malerstock</i>; <i>maler</i> a painter + <i>stock</i> stick.]
<def>A stick used by painters as a rest for the hand while
working.</def> [Written also <i>mahl-stick</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mau"met</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mawmet</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maunch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To munch.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Maunch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Manche</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maund</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mand</i>,
<i>mond</i>.] <def>A hand basket.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maund</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind, &amp; Per. <i>man</i>.]
<def>An East Indian weight, varying in different localities from 25
to about 82 pounds avoirdupois.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Maund</hw> (?), <hw>Maund"er</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>mendier</i> to beg, E. <i>mendicant</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beg.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson. Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mutter; to mumble; to grumble; to speak
indistinctly or disconnectedly; to talk incoherently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was ever <i>maundering</i> by the how that he met a
party of scarlet devils.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maund"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter in a
grumbling manner; to mutter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maund"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A beggar.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Maund"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
maunders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maun"dril</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Mandrel</u>.]
<i>(Coal Mining)</i> <def>A pick with two prongs, to pry
with.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maun"dy Thurs"day</hw> (?). [OE. <i>maunde</i> a command, OF.
<i>mand&eacute;</i>, L. <i>mandatum</i>, from <i>mandare</i> to
command. See called from the ancient custom of washing the feet of
the poor on this day, which was taken to be the fulfillment of the
"new commandment," <i>John xiii. 5, 34.</i>] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The
Thursday in Passion week, or next before Good Friday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maun"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mangy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mau*resque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Moresque</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maur"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Maurus</i>,
the favorite disciple of St. Benedict.] <def>A member of the
Congregation of Saint Maur, an offshoot of the Benedictines,
originating in France in the early part of the seventeenth century.
The <i>Maurists</i> have been distinguished for their interest in
literature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mau`so*le"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Mausoleus</i>. See <u>Mausoleum</u>.] <def>Pertaining to a
mausoleum; monumental.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mau`so*le"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Mausoleums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>-lea</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>mausoleum</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; Mausolus, king of Caria, to whom
Artemisia, his widow, erected a stately monument.] <def>A magnificent
tomb, or stately sepulchral monument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mau"ther</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>m&aelig;g&thorn;</i> a maid.] [Also spelled <i>mawther</i>,
<i>mother</i>.] <def>A girl; esp., a great, awkward girl; a
wench.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mauv`an"i*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <i>Mauve aniline</i>, under <u>Mauve</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mauve</hw> (m&omacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., mallow, L.
<i>malva</i>.  So named from the similarity of the color to that of
the petals of common mallow, <i>Malva sylvestris</i>. See
<u>Mallow</u>.] <def>A color of a delicate purple, violet, or
lilac.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mauve aniline</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a dyestuff
produced artificially by the oxidation of commercial aniline, and the
first discovered of the so-called <i>coal-tar</i>, or <i>aniline</i>,
<i>dyes</i>. It consists of the sulphate of mauve&iuml;ne, and is a
dark brown or bronze amorphous powder, which dissolves to a beatiful
purple color. Called also <i>aniline purple</i>, <i>violine</i>,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mauve"&iuml;ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An artificial organic base, obtained by oxidizing a mixture of
aniline and toluidine, and valuable for the dyestuffs it forms.</def>
[Written also <i>mauvine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mauv"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mauve-
colored.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mav"er*ick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In the
southwestern part of the united States, a bullock or heifer that has
not been branded, and is unclaimed or wild; -- said to be from
<i>Maverick</i>, the name of a cattle owner in Texas who neglected to
brand his cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"vis</hw> (m&amacr;"v&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mauvis</i>, Arm. <i>milvid</i>, <i>milfid</i>, <i>milc'hhouid</i>,
Corn. <i>melhuez</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European throstle
or song thrush (<i>Turdus musicus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Maw</hw> (m&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mew</u> a
gull.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mawe</i>, AS.
<i>maga</i> stomach; akin to D. <i>maag</i>, OHG. <i>mago</i>, G.
<i>magen</i>, Icel. <i>magi</i>, Sw. <i>mage</i>, Dan. <i>mave</i>.
&radic;103.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stomach; the receptacle into
which food is taken by swallowing; in birds, the craw; -- now used
only of the lower animals, exept humorously or in contempt.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bellies and <i>maws</i> of living
creatures.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Appetite; inclination.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Unless you had more <i>maw</i> to do me
good.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fish maw</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Fish</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Maw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old game at
cards.</def>  <i>Sir A. Weldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mawk</hw> (m&add;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mauk</i>,
<i>ma&eth;ek</i>, Icel. <i>ma&eth;kr</i>; akin to Dan. <i>maddik</i>,
and E. <i>mad</i> an earthworm. See <u>Mad</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A maggot.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slattern; a mawks.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Maw"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Malkin</u>,
and <u>Maukin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mawk"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Slatternly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mawk"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Orig., maggoty. See
<u>Mawk</u>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Apt to cause satiety or
loathing; nauseous; disgusting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So sweetly <i>mawkish'</i>, and so smoothly
dull.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Easily disgusted; squeamish; sentimentally
fastidious.</def>  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mawk"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a mawkish
way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mawk"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being mawkish.</def>  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mawks</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slattern; a
mawk.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mawk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Maggoty.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Maw"met</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr.
<i>Mahomet</i>.] <def>A puppet; a doll; originally, an idol, because
in the Middle Ages it was generally believed that the Mohammedans
worshiped images representing Mohammed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.
Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maw"met*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The religion of
Mohammed; also, idolatry. See <u>Mawmet</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maw"mish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>mau</i>m
soft, mellow, rotten; cf. OD. <i>molm</i> rotten wood, G.
<i>mulm</i>.] <def>Nauseous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>L' Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maw"seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>magsamen</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The seed of the opium
poppy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maw"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Maw</i> the belly
+ <i>worm</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
intestinal worm found in the stomach, esp. the common round worm
(<i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i>), and allied species.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the larv&aelig; of botflies of
horses; a bot.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Max*il"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Maxill&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., dim. of <i>mala</i> jaw,
jawbone.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The bone of either the upper or the under jaw.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bone, or principal bone, of the upper
jaw, the bone of the lower jaw being the <i>mandible</i>.</def> [Now
commonly used in this restricted sense.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the lower or
outer jaws of arthropods.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are usually two pairs in Crustacea and one pair in
insects. In certain insects they are not used as jaws, but may form
suctorial organs. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Lepidoptera</u>, and
<u>Diptera</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 904 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Max"il*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>maxillaris</i>, fr. <i>maxilla</i>
jawbone, jaw: cf. F. <i>maxillaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to either the upper or the lower jaw,
but now usually applied to the upper jaw only.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The principal maxillary bone; the
maxilla.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
maxilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Max*il"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Maxilla</i>
+ <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>maxilliforme</i>.] <def>Having the form, or
structure, of a maxilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Max*il"li*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Maxilla</i> +
L. <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the mouth appendages of Crustacea, situated next behind the
maxill&aelig;. Crabs have three pairs, but many of the lower
Crustacea have but one pair of them. Called also <i>jawfoot</i>, and
<i>foot jaw</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Max*il`lo-man*dib"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Maxilla</i> +  <i>mandibular</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to the maxilla and mandible; as, the <i>maxillo-mandibular</i>
nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Max*il`lo-pal"a*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Maxilla</i> + <i>palatine</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
the maxillary and palatine regions of the skull; as, the <i>maxillo-
palatine</i> process of the maxilla. Also used as
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Max*il`lo*tur`bi*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Maxilla</i> + <i>turbinal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
the maxillary and turbinal regions of the skull.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The maxillo-turbinal, or inferior
turbinate, bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Max"im</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>maxime</i>, L.
<i>maxima</i> (sc. <i>sententia</i>), the greatest sentence,
proposition, or axiom, i. e., of the greatest weight or authority,
fem. fr. <i>maximus</i> greatest, superl. of <i>magnus</i> great. See
<u>Magnitude</u>, and cf. <u>Maximum</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An established principle or proposition; a
condensed proposition of important practical truth; an axiom of
practical wisdom; an adage; a proverb; an aphorism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is their <i>maxim</i>, Love is love's
reward.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The longest note formerly
used, equal to two longs, or four breves; a large.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Axiom; aphorism; apothegm; adage; proverb; saying.
See <u>Axiom</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Max`i*mil"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the proper
name.] <def>A gold coin of Bavaria, of the value of about 13s. 6d.
sterling, or about three dollars and a quarter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Max`i*mi*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of increasing to the highest degree.</def>
<i>Bentham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Max"i*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>maximus</i> greatest.] <def>To increase to the highest
degree.</def>  <i>Bentham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Max"i*mum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Maxima</b></plw> (#). [L., neut. from <i>maximus</i> the
greatest. See <u>Maxim</u>.] <def>The greatest quantity or value
attainable in a given case; or, the greatest value attained by a
quantity which first increases and then begins to decrease; the
highest point or degree; -- opposed to <i>minimum</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good legislation is the art of conducting a nation to
the <i>maximum</i> of happiness, and the minimum of
misery.</blockquote> <i>P. Colquhoun.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Maximum thermometer</b></col>, <cd>a thermometer that
registers the highest degree of temperature attained in a given time,
or since its last adjustment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Max"i*mum</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Greatest in quantity
or highest in degree attainable or attained; as, a <i>maximum</i>
consumption of fuel; <i>maximum</i> pressure; <i>maximum</i>
heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>May</hw> (m&amacr;), <pos><i>v.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Might</u> (m&imacr;t)] [AS. pres.
<i>m&aelig;g</i> I am able, pret. <i>meahte</i>, <i>mihte</i>; akin
to D. <i>mogen</i>, G. <i>m&ouml;gen</i>, OHG. <i>mugan</i>,
<i>magan</i>, Icel. <i>mega</i>, Goth. <i>magan</i>, Russ.
<i>moche</i>. &radic;103.  Cf. <u>Dismay</u>, <u>Main</u> strength,
<u>Might</u>. The old imp. <i>mought</i> is obsolete, except as a
provincial word.] <def>An auxiliary verb qualifying the meaning of
another verb, by expressing:</def> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Ability,
competency, or possibility; -- now oftener expressed by
<i>can</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>may</i> a man, said he, with idle speech,<BR>
Be won to spoil the castle of his health !</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For what he [the king] <i>may</i> do is of two kinds;
what he <i>may</i> do as just, and what he <i>may</i> do as
possible.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For of all sad words of tongue or pen<BR>
The saddest are these: "It <i>might</i> have been."</blockquote>
<i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Liberty; permission; allowance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>mayst</i> be no longer steward.</blockquote>
<i>Luke xvi. 2.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Contingency or liability; possibility or
probability.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though what he learns he speaks, and <i>may</i>
advance<BR>
Some general maxims, or be right by chance.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Modesty, courtesy, or concession, or a
desire to soften a question or remark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How old <i>may</i> Phillis be, you ask.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Desire or wish, as in prayer,
imprecation, benediction, and the like.</def> "<i>May</i> you live
happily."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>May be</b></col>, &and; <col><b>It may be</b></col>,
<cd>are used as equivalent to <i>possibly</i>, <i>perhaps</i>, <i>by
chance</i>, <i>peradventure</i>. See 1st <u>Maybe</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>May</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>m&aelig;r</i>,
Goth. <i>mawi</i>; akin to E. <i>maiden</i>. &radic;103.] <def>A
maiden.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>May</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>Mai</i>, L.
<i>Maius</i>; so named in honor of the goddess <i>Maia</i> (Gr. &?;),
daughter of Atlas and mother of Mercury by Jupiter.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fifth month of the year, containing
thirty-one days.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The early part or springtime of
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>May</i> of youth, and bloom of
lustihood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The flowers of the hawthorn;
-- so called from their time of blossoming; also, the
hawthorn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The palm and <i>may</i> make country houses
gay.</blockquote> <i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Plumes that mocked the <i>may</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The merrymaking of May Day.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Italian may</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrubby species
of <i>Spir&aelig;a</i> (<i>S. hypericifolia</i>) with many clusters
of small white flowers along the slender branches.</cd> --
<col><b>May apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the fruit of an
American plant (<i>Podophyllum peltatum</i>). Also, the plant itself
(popularly called <i>mandrake</i>), which has two lobed leaves, and
bears a single egg-shaped fruit at the forking. The root and leaves,
used in medicine, are powerfully drastic.</cd> -- <col><b>May
beetle</b></col>, <col><b>May bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of numerous species of large lamellicorn beetles that
appear in the winged state in May.  They belong to <i>Melolontha</i>,
and allied genera.  Called also <i>June beetle</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>May Day</b></col>, <cd>the first day of May; -- celebrated in
the rustic parts of England by the crowning of a May queen with a
garland, and by dancing about a May pole.</cd> -- <col><b>May
dew</b></col>, <cd>the morning dew of the first day of May, to which
magical properties were attributed.</cd> -- <col><b>May
flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant that flowers in May;
also, its blossom. See <u>Mayflower</u>, in the vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>May fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of
<i>Ephemera</i>, and allied genera; -- so called because the mature
flies of many species appear in May. See <i>Ephemeral fly</i>, under
<u>Ephemeral</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>May game</b></col>, <cd>any May-day
sport.</cd> -- <col><b>May lady</b></col>, <cd>the queen or lady of
May, in old May games.</cd> -- <col><b>May lily</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the lily of the valley (<i>Convallaria
majalis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>May pole</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Maypole</u> in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>May
queen</b></col>, <cd>a girl or young woman crowned queen in the
sports of May Day.</cd> -- <col><b>May thorn</b></col>, <cd>the
hawthorn.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"ya</hw> (m&auml;"y&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Hindoo Philos.)</i> <def>The name for the doctrine of the
unreality of matter, called, in English, <i>idealism</i>; hence,
nothingness; vanity; illusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"be</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [For <i>it may
be</i>.] <def>Perhaps; possibly; peradventure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Maybe</i> the amorous count solicits
her.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In a liberal and, <i>maybe</i>, somewhat reckless
way.</blockquote> <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>May"be</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Possible; probable, but
not sure.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then add those <i>maybe</i> years thou hast to
live.</blockquote> <i>Driden.</i></p>

<p><hw>May"be</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Possibility;
uncertainty.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What they offer is mere <i>maybe</i> and
shift.</blockquote> <i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><hw>May"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The whimbrel; -- called also <i>May
fowl</i>, <i>May curlew</i>, and <i>May whaap</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The knot.</def> [Southern U. S.]
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The bobolink.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"bloom`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The hawthorn.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"bush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The hawthorn.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"duke`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupt. of
<i>M&eacute;doc</i>, a province in France, where it is supposed to
have originated.] <def>A large dark-red cherry of excellent
quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A common American minnow (<i>Fundulus majalis</i>). See
<u>Minnow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>In England, the hawthorn; in New England, the trailing arbutus
(see <u>Arbutus</u>); also, the blossom of these plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"hap</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Perhaps;
peradventure.</def> [Prov. or Dialectic]</p>

<p><hw>May"hem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same as
<i>maim</i>. See <u>Maim</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The maiming of a
person by depriving him of the use of any of his members which are
necessary for defense or protection. See <u>Maim</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The celebrating of
May Day.</def> "He met her once a-<i>Maying</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma`yon`naise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A sauce
compounded of raw yolks of eggs beaten up with olive oil to the
consistency of a sirup, and seasoned with vinegar, pepper, salt,
etc.; -- used in dressing salads, fish, etc. Also, a dish dressed
with this sauce.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>maire</i>, F.
<i>maire</i>, fr. L. <i>major</i> greater, higher, nobler, compar. of
<i>magnus</i> great; cf. Sp. <i>mayor</i>. See <u>Major</u>, and cf.
<u>Merino</u>.] <def>The chief magistrate of a city or borough; the
chief officer of a municipal corporation. In some American cities
there is a city court of which the major is chief judge.</def></p>

<p><hw>||May"or*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr.
<i>mayor</i> greater, L. <i>major</i>.] <def>The conductor of a mule
team; also, a head shepherd.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"or*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office,
or the term of office, of a mayor.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"or*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wife of a
mayor.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"or*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
mayor.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"pole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tall pole
erected in an open place and wreathed with flowers, about which the
rustic May-day sports were had.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"pop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. corrupt. fr.
<i>maracock</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The edible fruit of a passion
flower, especially that of the North American <i>Passiflora
incarnata</i>, an oval yellowish berry as large as a small
apple.</def></p>

<p><hw>May"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A composite plant (<i>Anthemis Cotula</i>),
having a strong odor; dog's fennel. It is a native of Europe, now
common by the roadsides in the United States.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The feverfew.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*za"ma</hw> (?), <hw>Ma*za"me</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A goatlike antelope
(<i>Haplocerus montanus</i>) which inhabits the Rocky Mountains,
frequenting the highest parts; -- called also <i>mountain
goat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maz"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>merise</i> a
wild cherry.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of small black
cherry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maz"ard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. <i>mazer</i>,
the head being compared to a large goblet.] <def>The jaw; the head or
skull.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maz"ard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <def>To knock on the
head.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Maz`a*rine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Cardinal <i>Mazarin</i>, prime minister of France,
1643-1661.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mazarine Bible</b></col>, <cd>the first Bible, and perhaps
the first complete book, printed with movable metal types; -- printed
by Gutenberg at Mentz, 1450-55; -- so called because a copy was found
in the Mazarine Library, at Paris, about 1760.</cd> --
<col><b>Mazarine blue</b></col>, <cd>a deep blue color, named in
honor of Cardinal Mazarin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Maz`a*rine"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mazarine
blue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maz"de*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Ahura-<i>Mazda</i>, or Ormuzd, the beneficent deity in the
Zoroastrian dualistic system; hence, Zoroastrian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maz"de*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Zoroastrian
religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mase</i>; cf. OE.
<i>masen</i> to confuse, puzzle, Norweg. <i>masast</i> to fall into a
slumber, <i>masa</i> to be continually busy, prate, chatter, Icel.
<i>masa</i> to chatter, dial. Sw. <i>masa</i> to bask, be slow, work
slowly and lazily, <i>mas</i> slow, lazy.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
wild fancy; a confused notion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Confusion of thought; perplexity;
uncertainty; state of bewilderment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A confusing and baffling network, as of
paths or passages; an intricacy; a labyrinth.</def> "Quaint
<i>mazes</i> on the wanton green."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Or down the tempting <i>maze</i> of Shawford
brook.</blockquote> <i>Wordaworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ways of Heaven are dark and intricate,<BR>
Puzzled with <i>mazes</i>, and perplexed with error.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Labyrinth; intricacy. See <u>Labyrinth</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Maze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mazed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mazing</u>.] <def>To perplex greatly; to bewilder; to astonish and
confuse; to amaze.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
bewildered.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maz"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition
of being mazed; confusion; astonishment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maze"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mazy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Maz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>maser</i>, akin
to OD. <i>maser</i> an excrescence on a maple tree, OHG.
<i>masar</i>, G. <i>maser</i> spot, Icel. <i>m&ouml;surr</i> maple.]
<def>A large drinking bowl; -- originally made of maple.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their brimful <i>mazers</i> to the feasting
bring.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ma"zi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a mazy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"zi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being mazy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maz`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to mazology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*zol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in mazology or mastology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*zol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the breast
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Mastology</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*zour"ka</hw> (?), <hw>Ma*zur"ka</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Polish dance, or the music which
accompanies it, usually in 3-4 or 3-8 measure, with a strong accent
on the second beat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"zy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Maze</u>.]
<def>Perplexed with turns and windings; winding; intricate;
confusing; perplexing; embarrassing; as, <i>mazy</i> error.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To range amid the <i>mazy</i> thicket.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To run the ring, and trace the <i>mazy</i>
round.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>One. See <u>Men</u>,
<pos><i>pron.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me</hw> (m&emacr;), <pos><i>pers. pron.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&emacr;</i>, dat. &amp; acc., <i>mec</i>, acc. only ; akin to D.
<i>mij</i>, G. <i>mich</i>, Icel. &amp; Goth. <i>mik</i>, L. <i>me</i>,
Gr. <grk>me`</grk>, <grk>'eme`</grk>, Skr. <i>m&amacr;</i>,
<i>m&amacr;m</i>. &radic;187.  Cf. 2d <u>Mine</u>.] <def>The person
speaking, regarded as an object; myself; a pronoun of the first
person used as the objective and dative case of the pronoum I; as, he
struck <i>me</i>; he gave <i>me</i> the money, or he gave the money
to <i>me</i>; he got <i>me</i> a hat, or he got a hat for
<i>me</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In <i>methinks</i>, <i>me</i> is properly in the dative
case, and the verb is impersonal, the construction being, <i>it
appears to me</i>. In early use <i>me</i> was often placed before
forms of the verb <i>to be</i> with an adjective; as, <i>me</i> were
lief.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Me</i> rather had my heart might frrl your love<BR>
Than my unpleased eye see your courtesy.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meach</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To skulk; to
cower. See <u>Mich</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mea"cock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. <i>meek</i>
+ <i>cock</i>.] <def>An uxorious, effeminate, or spiritless
man.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mead</hw> (m&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mede</i>,
AS. <i>meodo</i>; akin to D. <i>mede</i>, G. <i>met</i>, <i>meth</i>,
OHG. <i>metu</i>, <i>mitu</i>, Icel. <i>mj&ouml;&eth;r</i>, Dan.
<i>mi&ouml;d</i>, Sw. <i>mj&ouml;d</i>, Russ. <i>med'</i>, Lith.
<i>midus</i>, W. <i>medd</i>, Gr. <grk>me`qy</grk> wine, Skr.
<i>madhu</i> honey, a sweet drink, as adj., sweet.  &radic;270.  Cf.
<u>Metheglin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fermented drink made of
water and honey with malt, yeast, etc.; metheglin; hydromel.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A drink composed of sirup of sarsaparilla
or other flavoring extract, and water. It is sometimes charged with
carbonic acid gas.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mead</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>m&aemacr;d</i>. See
<u>Meadow</u>.] <def>A meadow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>mede</i><BR>
All full of freshe flowers, white and reede.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To fertile vales and dewy <i>meads</i><BR>
My weary, wandering steps he leads.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mead"ow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>meady</i>; akin
to <i>m&aemacr;d</i>, and to G. <i>matte</i>; prob. also to E.
<i>mow</i>. See <u>Mow</u> to cut (grass), and cf. 2d <u>Mead</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tract of low or level land producing grass
which is mown for hay; any field on which grass is grown for
hay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Low land covered with coarse grass or rank
herbage near rives and in marshy places by the sea; as, the salt
<i>meadows</i> near Newark Bay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mead"ow</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
meadow; of the nature of a meadow; produced, growing, or living in, a
meadow.</def> "Fat <i>meadow</i> ground."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; For many names of plants compounded with <i>meadow</i>, see
the particular word in the Vocabulary.</p>

<p><col><b>Meadow beauty</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Deergrass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow foxtail</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a valuable pasture grass (<i>Alopecurus
pratensis</i>) resembling timothy, but with softer spikes.</cd> --
<col><b>Meadow grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to
several grasses of the genus <i>Poa</i>, common in meadows, and of
great value for nay and for pasture. See <u>Grass</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Meadow hay</b></col>, <cd>a coarse grass, or true sedge,
growing in uncultivated swamp or river meadow; -- used as fodder or
bedding for cattle, packing for ice, etc.</cd> [Local, U. S.] --
<col><b>Meadow hen</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The American bittern</cd>. See <u>Stake-driver</u>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The American coot (<i>Fulica</i>).</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The clapper rail.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow
lark</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of
<i>Sturnella</i>, a genus of American birds allied to the starlings.
The common species (<i>S. magna</i>) has a yellow breast with a black
crescent.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any mouse of the genus <i>Arvicola</i>, as the common American
species <i>A. riparia</i>; -- called also <i>field mouse</i>, and
<i>field vole</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow mussel</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American ribbed mussel (<i>Modiola
plicatula</i>), very abundant in salt marshes.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow
ore</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>bog-iron ore , a kind of
limonite.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow parsnip</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Parsnip</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow pink</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Pink</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow
pipit</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small singing bird of the
genus <i>Anthus</i>, as <i>A. pratensis</i>, of Europe.</cd> --
<col><b>Meadow rue</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a delicate early
plant, of the genus <i>Thalictrum</i>, having compound leaves and
numerous white flowers. There are many species.</cd> --
<col><b>Meadow saffron</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Saffron</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow sage</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Sage</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow saxifrage</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an umbelliferous plant of Europe (<i>Silaus
pratensis</i>), somewhat resembling fennel.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow
snipe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common or jack
snipe.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 905 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mead"ow*sweet`</hw> (?), <hw>Mead"ow*wort`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name of several plants of
the genus <i>Spir&aelig;a</i>, especially the white- or pink-flowered
<i>S. salicifolia</i>, a low European and American shrub, and the
herbaceous <i>S. Ulmaria</i>, which has fragrant white flowers in
compound cymes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mead"ow*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to meadows; resembling, or consisting of, meadow.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mea"ger</hw>, <hw>Mea"gre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>merge</i>, F. <i>maigre</i>, L. <i>macer</i>; akin to D. &amp; G.
<i>mager</i>, Icel. <i>magr</i>, and prob. to Gr. <grk>makro`s</grk>
long.  Cf. <u>Emaciate</u>, <u>Maigre</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitue of, or having little, flesh;
lean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Meager</i> were his looks;<BR>
Sharp misery had worn him to the bones.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of richness, fertility,
strength, or the like; defective in quantity, or poor in quality;
poor; barren; scanty in ideas; wanting strength of diction or
affluence of imagery.</def> "<i>Meager</i> soil."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of secular habits and <i>meager</i> religious
belief.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His education had been but <i>meager</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Dry and harsh to the touch,
as chalk.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Thin; lean; lank; gaunt; starved; hungry; poor;
emaciated; scanty; barren.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mea"ger</hw>, <hw>Mea"gre</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make lean.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mea"ger*ly</hw>, <hw>Mea"gre*ly</hw>  },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Poorly; thinly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mea"ger*ness</hw>, <hw>Mea"gre*ness</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality of being meager;
leanness; scantiness; barrenness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mea"gre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>maigre</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large European sci&aelig;noid fish
(<i>Sci&aelig;na umbra</i> or <i>S. aquila</i>), having white
bloodless flesh. It is valued as a food fish.</def> [Written also
<i>maigre</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Meak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>m&emacr;ce</i>
sword, OS. <i>m&amacr;ki</i>, Icel. <i>m&aelig;kir</i>.] <def>A hook
with a long handle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Meak</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The process of picking out the oakum from the
seams of a vessel which is to be recalked.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Meaking iron</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the tool with
which old oakum is picked out of a vessel's seams.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Meal</hw> (m&emacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mele</i>,
AS. <i>m&aemacr;l</i> part, portion, portion of time; akin to E.
<i>meal</i> a repast.  Cf. <u>Piecemeal</u>.] <def>A part; a
fragment; a portion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Meal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mel</i>; akin to E.
<i>meal</i> a part, and to D. <i>maal</i> time, meal, G. <i>mal</i>
time, <i>mahl</i> meal, Icel. <i>m&amacr;l</i> measure, time, meal,
Goth. <i>m&emacr;l</i> time, and to E. <i>measure</i>. See
<u>Measure</u>.] <def>The portion of food taken at a particular time
for the satisfaction of appetite; the quantity usually taken at one
time with the purpose of satisfying hunger; a repast; the act or time
of eating a meal; as, the traveler has not eaten a good <i>meal</i>
for a week; there was silence during the <i>meal</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What strange fish<BR>
Hath made his <i>meal</i> on thee ?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mele</i>, AS.
<i>melu</i>, <i>melo</i>; akin to D. <i>meel</i>, G. <i>mehl</i>,
OHG. <i>melo</i>, Icel. <i>mj&ouml;l</i>, SW. <i>mj&ouml;l</i>, Dan.
<i>meel</i>, also to D. <i>malen</i> to grind, G. <i>mahlen</i>,
OHG., OS., &amp; Goth. <i>malan</i>, Icel. <i>mala</i>, W. <i>malu</i>,
L. <i>molere</i>, Gr. <grk>my`lh</grk> mill, and E. <i>mill</i>.
&radic;108.  Cf. <u>Mill</u>, <u>Mold</u> soil, <u>Mole</u> an
animal, <u>Immolate</u>, <u>Molar</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Grain (esp. maize, rye, or oats) that is
coarsely ground and unbolted; also, a kind of flour made from beans,
pease, etc.; sometimes, any flour, esp. if coarse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any substance that is coarsely pulverized
like meal, but not granulated.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Meal beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the adult
of the meal worm. See <i>Meal worm</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Meal
moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a lepidopterous insect
(<i>Asopia farinalis</i>), the larv&aelig; of which feed upon meal,
flour, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Meal worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the larva of a beetle (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) which infests
granaries, bakehouses, etc., and is very injurious to flour and
meal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Meal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
sprinkle with, or as with, meal.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pulverize; as, <i>mealed</i>
powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meal"ies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [From
<u>Mealy</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Maize or Indian corn; -- the common
name in South Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meal"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being mealy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meal"-mouthed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mealy-mouthed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meal"time`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The usual time
of eating a meal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meal"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Mealier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Mealiest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the qualities of meal; resembling
meal; soft, dry, and friable; easily reduced to a condition
resembling meal; as, a <i>mealy</i> potato.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Overspread with something that resembles
meal; as, the <i>mealy</i> wings of an insect.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mealy bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a scale
insect (<i>Coccus adonidum</i>, and related species), covered with a
white powderlike substance. It is a common pest in
hothouses.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Meal"y-mouthed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Using soft
words; plausible; affectedly or timidly delicate of speech; unwilling
to tell the truth in plain language.</def> "<i>Mealy-mouthed</i>
philanthropies."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She was a fool to be <i>mealy-mouthed</i> where nature
speaks so plain.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Meal"y-mouth`ness</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mean</hw> (m&emacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Meant</u> (m&ebreve;nt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Meaning</u>.] [OE. <i>menen</i>, AS.
<i>m&aemacr;nan</i> to recite, tell, intend, wish; akin to OS.
<i>m&emacr;nian</i> to have in mind, mean, D. <i>meenen</i>, G.
<i>meinen</i>, OHG. <i>meinan</i>, Icel. <i>meina</i>, Sw.
<i>mena</i>, Dan. <i>mene</i>, and to E. <i>mind</i>.  &radic;104.
See <u>Mind</u>, and cf. <u>Moan</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
have in the mind, as a purpose, intention, etc.; to intend; to
purpose; to design; as, what do you <i>mean</i> to do ?</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>mean</i> ye by this service ?</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xii. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye thought evil against me; but God <i>meant</i> it
unto good.</blockquote> <i>Gen. 1. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am not a Spaniard<BR>
To say that it is yours and not to <i>mean</i> it.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To signify; to indicate; to import; to
denote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>mean</i> these seven ewe lambs ?</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xxi. 29.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go ye, and learn what that
<i>meaneth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. ix. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mean</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have a purpose or
intention.</def> [Rare, except in the phrase to mean well, or ill.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mean</hw> (m&emacr;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Meaner</u> (m&emacr;n"&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Meanest</u>.] [OE. <i>mene</i>, AS.
<i>m&aemacr;ne</i> wicked; akin to <i>m&amacr;n</i>, a., wicked, n.,
wickedness, OS. <i>m&emacr;n</i> wickedness, OHG. <i>mein</i>, G.
<i>meineid</i> perjury, Icel. <i>mein</i> harm, hurt, and perh. to
AS. <i>gem&aemacr;ne</i> common, general, D. <i>gemeen</i>, G.
<i>gemein</i>, Goth. <i>gam&aacute;ins</i>, and L. <i>communis</i>.
The AS. <i>gem&aemacr;ne</i> prob. influenced the meaning.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of distinction or eminence;
common; low; vulgar; humble.</def> "Of <i>mean</i> parentage."
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mean</i> man boweth down, and the great man
humbleth himself.</blockquote> <i>Is. ii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting dignity of mind; low-minded; base;
destitute of honor; spiritless; as, a <i>mean</i> motive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can you imagine I so <i>mean</i> could prove,<BR>
To save my life by changing of my love ?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of little value or account; worthy of
little or no regard; contemptible; despicable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Roman legions and great C&aelig;sar found<BR>
Our fathers no <i>mean</i> foes.</blockquote> <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of poor quality; as, <i>mean</i>
fare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Penurious; stingy; close-fisted;
illiberal; as, <i>mean</i> hospitality.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Mean</i> is sometimes used in the formation of
compounds, the sense of which is obvious without explanation; as,
<i>mean</i>born, <i>mean</i>-looking, etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Base; ignoble; abject; beggarly; wretched;
degraded; degenerate; vulgar; vile; servile; menial; spiritless;
groveling; slavish; dishonorable; disgraceful; shameful; despicable;
contemptible; paltry; sordid. See <u>Base</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mean</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mene</i>, OF.
<i>meiien</i>, F. <i>moyen</i>, fr. L. <i>medianus</i> that is in the
middle, fr. <i>medius</i>; akin to E. <i>mid</i>. See <u>Mid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Occupying a middle position; middle; being
about midway between extremes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being of middle age and a <i>mean</i>
stature.</blockquote> <i>Sir. P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intermediate in excellence of any
kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>According to the fittest style of lofty, <i>mean</i>,
or lowly.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Average; having an
intermediate value between two extremes, or between the several
successive values of a variable quantity during one cycle of
variation; as, <i>mean</i> distance; <i>mean</i> motion; <i>mean</i>
solar day.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mean distance</b></col> (of a planet from the sun)
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the average of the distances throughout one
revolution of the planet, equivalent to the semi-major axis of the
orbit.</cd> -- <col><b>Mean error</b></col> <i>(Math. Phys.)</i>,
<cd>the average error of a number of observations found by taking the
mean value of the positive and negative errors without regard to
sign.</cd> -- <col><b>Mean-square error</b></col>, or <col><b>Error
of the mean square</b></col> <i>(Math. Phys.)</i>, <cd>the error the
square of which is the mean of the squares of all the errors; --
called also, especially by European writers, <i>mean error</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Mean line</b></col>. <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Bisectrix</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mean noon</b></col>, <cd>noon as
determined by mean time.</cd> -- <col><b>Mean proportional</b></col>
(between two numbers) <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the square root of their
product.</cd> -- <col><b>Mean sun</b></col>, <cd>a fictitious sun
supposed to move uniformly in the equator so as to be on the meridian
each day at mean noon.</cd> -- <col><b>Mean time</b></col>, <cd>time
as measured by an equable motion, as of a perfect clock, or as
reckoned on the supposition that all the days of the year are of a
mean or uniform length, in contradistinction from <i>apparent</i>
time, or that actually indicated by the sun, and from <i>sidereal</i>
time, or that measured by the stars.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mean</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is mean, or intermediate, between two extremes of place, time,
or number; the middle point or place; middle rate or degree;
mediocrity; medium; absence of extremes or excess; moderation;
measure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But to speak in a <i>mean</i>, the virtue of
prosperity is temperance; the virtue of adversity is
fortitude.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>mean</i> in all things.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The extremes we have mentioned, between which the
wellinstracted Christian holds the <i>mean</i>, are
correlatives.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A quantity having an
intermediate value between several others, from which it is derived,
and of which it expresses the resultant value; usually, unless
otherwise specified, it is the simple average, formed by adding the
quantities together and dividing by their number, which is called an
<i>arithmetical mean</i>. A <i>geometrical mean</i> is the square
root of the product of the quantities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That through which, or by the help of
which, an end is attained; something tending to an object desired;
intermediate agency or measure; necessary condition or coagent;
instrument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their virtuous conversation was a <i>mean</i> to work
the conversion of the heathen to Christ.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You may be able, by this <i>mean</i>, to review your
own scientific acquirements.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Philosophical doubt is not an end, but a
<i>mean</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense the word is usually employed in the plural
form <i>means</i>, and often with a singular attribute or predicate,
as if a singular noun.</p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>this means</i> he had them more at
vantage.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What other <i>means is</i> left unto us.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Hence: Resources; property,
revenue, or the like, considered as the condition of easy livelihood,
or an instrumentality at command for effecting any purpose;
disposable force or substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>means</i> are very slender, and your waste is
great.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A part, whether alto or
tenor, intermediate between the soprano and base; a middle
part.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mean</i> is drowned with your unruly
base.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Meantime; meanwhile.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A mediator; a go-between.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He wooeth her by <i>means</i> and by
brokage.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>By all means</b></col>, <cd>certainly; without fail; as,
go, <i>by all means</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>By any means</b></col>,
<cd>in any way; possibly; at all.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>If <i>by any means</i> I might attain to the
resurrection of the dead.</blockquote> <i>Phil. iii. ll.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>By no means</b></col>, or  <col><b>By no manner of
means</b></col>, <cd>not at all; certainly not; not in any
degree.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The wine on this side of the lake is <i>by no
means</i> so good as that on the other.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*an"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Maeander</i>,
orig., a river in Phrygia, proverbial for its many windings, Gr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>m&eacute;andre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A winding,
crooked, or involved course; as, the <i>meanders</i> of the veins and
arteries.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While lingering rivers in <i>meanders</i>
glide.</blockquote> <i>Sir R. Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tortuous or intricate
movement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Fretwork. See
<u>Fret</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*an"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wind, turn, or
twist; to make flexuous.</def>
 <i>Dryton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*an"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Meandered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Meandering</u>.] <def>To wind or turn in a course or passage; to
be intricate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Five miles <i>meandering</i> with a mazy motion<BR>
Through wood and dale the sacred river ran.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*an"dri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Maeandrius</i>: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;andrien</i>.] <def>Winding;
having many turns.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me`an*dri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;andrine</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of corals
with meandering grooves and ridges, including the brain
corals.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Me*an"drous</hw> (?), <hw>Me*an"dry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Winding; flexuous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mean"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is meant or intended; intent; purpose; aim; object;
as, a mischievous <i>meaning</i> was apparent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If there be any good <i>meaning</i> towards
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is signified, whether by act
lanquage; signification; sense; import; as, the <i>meaning</i> of a
hint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sense; power of thinking.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>-- <wf>Mean"ing*less</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mean"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mean"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<u>Mean</u> middle.]
<def>Moderately.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man <i>meanly</i> learned himself, but not
<i>meanly</i> affectioned to set forward learning in
others.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mean"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Mean</u> low.]
<def>In a mean manner; unworthily; basely; poorly;
ungenerously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While the heaven-born child<BR>
All <i>meanly</i> wrapt in the rude manger lies.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Would you <i>meanly</i> thus rely<BR>
On power you know I must obey ?</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We can not bear to have others think <i>meanly</i> of
them [our kindred].</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mean"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The condition, or quality, of being mean; want of excellence;
poorness; lowness; baseness; sordidness; stinginess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This figure is of a later date, by the <i>meanness</i>
of the workmanship.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mean act; as, to be guilty of
<i>meanness</i>.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mean"-spir`it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a mean
spirit; base; groveling.</def> -- <wf>Mean"-spir`it*ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Meant</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Mean</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mean"time`</hw> (?), <hw>Mean"while`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The intervening time; as, in the
<i>meantime</i> (or <i>mean time</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mean"time`</hw>, <hw>Mean"while`</hw>, }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the intervening time; during the
interval.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mear</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boundary. See
<u>Mere</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mease</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>mass</i>
measure.] <def>Five hundred; as, a <i>mease</i> of herrings.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mea"sel*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>meselrie</i>, OF. <i>mesellerie</i>. See lst <u>Measle</u>.]
<def>Leprosy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R. of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mea"sle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mesel</i>, OF.
<i>mesel</i>, LL. <i>misellus</i>, L. <i>misellus</i> unfortunate,
dim. of <i>miser</i>. See <u>Miser</u>.] <def>A leper.</def> [Obs.]
[Written also <i>meazel</i>, and <i>mesel</i>.]  <i>Wyclif (Matt. x.
8. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>Mea"sle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
tapeworm larva. See 2d <u>Measles</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mea"sled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 2d
<u>Measles</u>.] <def>Infected or spotted with measles, as
pork.</def> -- <wf>Mea"sled*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mea"sles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From lst
<u>Measle</u>.] <def>Leprosy; also, a leper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mea"sles</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> in form, but
used as <i>singular</i> in senses 1, 2, &amp; 3. [D. <i>mazelen</i>; akin
to G. <i>masern</i>, pl., and E. <i>mazer</i>, and orig. meaning,
little spots. See <u>Mazer</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A contagious febrile
disorder commencing with catarrhal symptoms, and marked by the
appearance on the third day of an eruption of distinct red circular
spots, which coalesce in a crescentic form, are slightly raised above
the surface, and after the fourth day of the eruption gradually
decline; rubeola.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Measles</i> commences with the ordinary symptoms of
fever.</blockquote> <i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><! p. 906 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Veter. Med.)</i> <def>A disease of cattle
and swine in which the flesh is filled with the embryos of different
varieties of the tapeworm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A disease of trees.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
larv&aelig; of any tapeworm (<i>T&aelig;nia</i>) in the cysticerus
stage, when contained in meat. Called also <i>bladder
worms</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mea"sly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Infected with measles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Containing larval
tapeworms; -- said of pork and beef.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meas"ur*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mesurable</i>, L. <i>mensurabilis</i>. See <u>Measure</u>, and cf.
<u>Mensurable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being measured; susceptible of
mensuration or computation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moderate; temperate; not
excessive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of his diet <i>measurable</i> was he.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Meas"ur*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Meas"ur*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet do it <i>measurably</i>, as it becometh
Christians.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meas"ure</hw> (m&ebreve;zh"&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>mesure</i>, F. <i>mesure</i>, L. <i>mensura</i>, fr.
<i>metiri</i>, <i>mensus</i>, to measure; akin to <i>metrum</i>
poetical measure, Gr. <grk>me`tron</grk>, E. <i>meter</i>.  Cf.
<u>Immense</u>, <u>Mensuration</u>, <u>Mete</u> to measure.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A standard of dimension; a fixed unit of
quantity or extent; an extent or quantity in the fractions or
multiples of which anything is estimated and stated; hence, a rule by
which anything is adjusted or judged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument by means of which size or
quantity is measured, as a graduated line, rod, vessel, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>False ells and <i>measures</i> be brought all clean
adown.</blockquote> <i>R. of Gloucester.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The dimensions or capacity of anything,
reckoned according to some standard; size or extent, determined and
stated; estimated extent; as, to take one's <i>measure</i> for a
coat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>measure</i> thereof is longer than the earth,
and broader than the sea.</blockquote> <i>Job xi. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The contents of a vessel by which quantity
is measured; a quantity determined by a standard; a stated or limited
quantity or amount.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is like leaven which a woman took and hid in three
<i>measures</i> of meal.</blockquote> <i>Luke xiii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Extent or degree not excessive or beyong
bounds; moderation; due restraint; esp. in the phrases, <i>in
measure</i>; <i>with measure</i>; <i>without</i> or <i>beyond
measure</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hell hath enlarged herself, and opened her mouth
without <i>measure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is. v. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Determined extent, not to be exceeded;
limit; allotted share, as of action, influence, ability, or the like;
due proportion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord, make me to know mine end, and the <i>measure</i>
of my days.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxix. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The quantity determined by measuring,
especially in buying and selling; as, to give good or full
<i>measure</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Undefined quantity; extent;
degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a great <i>measure</i> of discretion to be
used in the performance of confession.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Regulated division of movement</def>:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Dancing)</i> <def>A regulated movement
corresponding to the time in which the accompanying music is
performed; but, especially, a slow and stately dance, like the
minuet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> (1) <def>The group or
grouping of beats, caused by the regular recurrence of accented
beats.</def> (2) <def>The space between two bars.</def> See
<u>Beat</u>, <u>Triple</u>, <u>Quadruple</u>, <u>Sextuple</u>,
<i>Compound time</i>, under <u>Compound</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
and <u>Figure</u>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Poetry)</i> <def>The
manner of ordering and combining the quantities, or long and short
syllables; meter; rhythm; hence, a foot; as, a poem in iambic
<i>measure</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>A number which is
contained in a given number a number of times without a remainder; as
in the phrases, the <i>common measure</i>, the <i>greatest common
measure</i>, etc., of two or more numbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A step or definite part of a progressive
course or policy; a means to an end; an act designed for the
accomplishment of an object; as, political <i>measures</i>; prudent
<i>measures</i>; an inefficient <i>measure</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His majesty found what wrong <i>measures</i> he had
taken in the conferring that trust, and lamented his
error.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>The act of measuring; measurement.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Beds or strata;
as, coal <i>measures</i>; lead <i>measures</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lineal</b></col>, or <col><b>Long</b></col>,
<col><b>measure</b></col>, <cd>measure of length; the measure of
lines or distances.</cd> -- <col><b>Liquid measure</b></col>, <cd>the
measure of liquids.</cd> -- <col><b>Square measure</b></col>, <cd>the
measure of superficial area of surfaces in square units, as inches,
feet, miles, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To have hard measure</b></col>,
<cd>to have harsh treatment meted out to one; to be harshly or
oppressively dealt with.</cd> -- <col><b>To take measures</b></col>,
<cd>to make preparations; to provide means.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
one's measure</b></col>, <cd>to measure one, as for a garment; hence,
to form an opinion of one's disposition, character, ability,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To tread a measure</b></col>, <cd>to dance in
the style so called. See 9 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Say to her, we have measured many miles<BR>
<i>To tread a measure</i> with her on this grass.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meas"ure</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Measured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Measuring</u>.] [F. <i>mesurer</i>, L. <i>mensurare</i>. See
<u>Measure</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
ascertain by use of a measuring instrument; to compute or ascertain
the extent, quantity, dimensions, or capacity of, by a certain rule
or standard; to take the dimensions of; hence, to estimate; to judge
of; to value; to appraise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great are thy works, Jehovah, infinite<BR>
Thy power! what thought can <i>measure</i> thee?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To serve as the measure of; as, the
thermometer <i>measures</i> changes of temperature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass throught or over in journeying, as
if laying off and determining the distance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A true devoted pilgrim is not weary<BR>
To <i>measure</i> kingdoms with his feeble steps.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To adjust by a rule or standard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To secure a contented spirit, <i>measure</i> your
desires by your fortunes, not your fortunes by your
desires.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To allot or distribute by measure; to set
off or apart by measure; -- often with <i>out</i> or
<i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With what measure ye mete, it shall be <i>measured</i>
to you again.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That portion of eternity which is called time,
<i>measured</i> out by the sun.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To measure swords with one</b></col>, <cd>to try another's
skill in the use of the sword; hence, figuratively, to match one's
abilities against an antagonist's.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Meas"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a measurement or measurements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To result, or turn out, on measuring; as,
the grain <i>measures</i> well; the pieces <i>measure</i>
unequally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be of a certain size or quantity, or to
have a certain length, breadth, or thickness, or a certain capacity
according to a standard measure; as, cloth <i>measures</i> three
fourths of a yard; a tree <i>measures</i> three feet in
diameter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meas"ured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Regulated or
determined by a standard; hence, equal; uniform; graduated; limited;
moderated; as, he walked with <i>measured</i> steps; he expressed
himself in no <i>measured</i> terms.</def> -- <wf>Meas"ured*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Meas"ure*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
measure; unlimited; immeasurable.</def> --
<wf>Meas"ure*less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Boundless; limitless; endless; unbounded;
unlimited; vast; immense; infinite; immeasurable.</p>

<p><hw>Meas"ure*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or result of measuring; mensuration;
as, <i>measurement</i> is required.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The extent, size, capacity, amount. or
quantity ascertained by measuring; as, its <i>measurement</i> is five
acres.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meas"ur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
measures; one whose occupation or duty is to measure commondities in
market.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meas"ur*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Used in, or
adapted for, ascertaining measurements, or dividing by
measure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Measuring faucet</b></col>, <cd>a faucet which permits
only a given quantity of liquid to pass each time it is opened, or
one by means of which the liquid which passes can be measured.</cd> -
- <col><b>Measuring worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva
of any geometrid moth. See <u>Geometrid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Meat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mete</i>, AS.
<i>mete</i>; akin to OS. <i>mat</i>, <i>meti</i>, D. <i>met</i>
hashed meat, G. <i>mett</i>wurst sausage, OHG. <i>maz</i> food, Icel.
<i>matr</i>, Sw. <i>mat</i>, Dan. <i>mad</i>, Goth. <i>mats</i>.  Cf.
<u>Mast</u> fruit, <u>Mush</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Food, in
general; anything eaten for nourishment, either by man or beast.
Hence, the edible part of anything; as, the <i>meat</i> of a lobster,
a nut, or an egg.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And God said, Behold, I have given you every herb
bearing seed, . . . to you it shall be for <i>meat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. i. 29.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every moving thing that liveth shall be <i>meat</i>
for you.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ix. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The flesh of animals used as food; esp.,
animal muscle; as, a breakfast of bread and fruit without
<i>meat</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, dinner; the chief
meal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Meat biscuit</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Biscuit</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Meat earth</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>vegetable
mold.</cd> <i>Raymond.</i> -- <col><b>Meat fly</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Flesh fly</i>, under
<u>Flesh</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Meat offering</b></col>
<i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>an offering of food, esp. of a cake made of
flour with salt and oil.</cd> -- <col><b>To go to meat</b></col>,
<cd>to go to a meal.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>To sit at meat</b></col>,
<cd>to sit at the table in taking food.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Meat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply with
food.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His shield well lined, his horses <i>meated</i>
well.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*a"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a meatus; resembling a meatus.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fed; fattened.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having (such) meat; -- used chiefly in
composition; as, thick-<i>meated</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Meath</hw>, <hw>Meathe</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Mead</u>.] <def>A sweet liquor; mead.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.
Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meat"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being meaty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meat"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no meat;
without food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Leave these beggars <i>meatless</i>."</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*at"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meatus</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A speculum for examining a natural
passage, as the urethra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*at"o*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meatus</i> +
Gr. &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument for cutting into
the urethra so as to enlarge its orifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*a"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>; E.
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Meatuses</b></plw> (&?;). [L., a going, passage,
fr. <i>meare</i> to go.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A natural passage or
canal; as, the external auditory <i>meatus</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meat"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The sea mew.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meaw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Mew</u>, to cry
as a cat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Mewl</u>,
and <u>Miaul</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mea"zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Measle</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Meaz"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Falling in small
drops; mistling; mizzing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"bles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Moebles</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Me*ca"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A rope of
hair or of maguey fiber, for tying horses, etc.</def> [Southwestern
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mec`ca*wee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Mecca, in Arabia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Mecca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*chan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;canique</i> mechanics. See <u>Mechanic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of the
application of the laws of motion or force to construction.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mechanician; an artisan; an artificer;
one who practices any mechanic art; one skilled or employed in
shaping and uniting materials, as wood, metal, etc., into any kind of
structure, machine, or other object, requiring the use of tools, or
instruments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An art quite lost with our
<i>mechanics</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*chan"ic</hw> (m&esl;*k&abreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>m&eacute;canique</i>, L.
<i>mechanicus</i>, Gr. <grk>mhchaniko`s</grk>, fr.
<grk>mhchanh`</grk> a machine. See <u>Machine</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having to do with the application of the laws
of motion in the art of constructing or making things; of or
pertaining to mechanics; mechanical; as, the <i>mechanic</i>
arts.</def> "These <i>mechanic</i> philosophers."  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mechanic</i> slaves,<BR>
With greasy aprons, rules, and hammers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a mechanic or
artificer, or to the class of artisans; hence, rude; common;
vulgar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make a god, a hero, or a king<BR>
Descend to a <i>mechanic</i> dialect.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes he ply'd the strong, <i>mechanic</i>
tool.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Base.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*chan"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Mechanic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, governed by, or in
accordance with, mechanics, or the laws of motion; pertaining to the
quantitative relations of force and matter, as distinguished from
<i>mental</i>, <i>vital</i>, <i>chemical</i>, etc.; as,
<i>mechanical</i> principles; a <i>mechanical</i> theory;
<i>mechanical</i> deposits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a machine or to
machinery or tools; made or formed by a machine or with tools; as,
<i>mechanical</i> precision; <i>mechanical</i> products.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have also divers <i>mechanical</i>
arts.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Done as if by a machine; uninfluenced by
will or emotion; proceeding automatically, or by habit, without
special intention or reflection; as, <i>mechanical</i> singing;
<i>mechanical</i> verses; <i>mechanical</i> service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Made and operated by interaction of forces
without a directing intelligence; as, a <i>mechanical</i>
universe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Obtained by trial, by measurements, etc.;
approximate; empirical. See the 2d Note under
<u>Geometric</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mechanical effect</b></col>, <cd>effective power; useful
work exerted, as by a machine, in a definite time.</cd> --
<col><b>Mechanical engineering</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Engineering</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mechanical maneuvers</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the application of mechanical appliances to the
mounting, dismounting, and moving of artillery.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> -
- <col><b>Mechanical philosophy</b></col>, <cd>the principles of
mechanics applied to the investigation of physical phenomena.</cd> --
<col><b>Mechanical powers</b></col>, <cd>certain simple instruments,
such as the lever and its modifications (the wheel and axle and the
pulley), the inclined plane with its modifications (the screw and the
wedge), which convert a small force acting through a great space into
a great force acting through a small space, or <i>vice versa</i>, and
are used separately or in combination.</cd> -- <col><b>Mechanical
solution</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a solution of a problem by any
art or contrivance not strictly geometrical, as by means of the ruler
and compasses, or other instruments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*chan"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mechanic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*chan"ic*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
cause to become mechanical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*chan"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
mechanical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*chan"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being mechanical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mech`a*ni"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;canicien</i>. See <u>Mechanic</u>.] <def>One skilled in
the theory or construction of machines; a machinist.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*chan`i*co-chem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, connected with, or dependent upon, both mechanics
and chemistry; -- said especially of those sciences which treat of
such phenomena as seem to depend on the laws both of mechanics and
chemistry, as electricity and magnetism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*chan"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;canique</i>.] <def>That science, or branch of applied
mathematics, which treats of the action of forces on
bodies.</def></p>

<p>&fist; That part of <i>mechanics</i> which considers the action of
forces in producing rest or equilibrium is called <i>statics</i>;
that which relates to such action in producing motion is called
<i>dynamics</i>. The term <i>mechanics</i> includes the action of
forces on all bodies, whether solid, liquid, or gaseous. It is
sometimes, however, and formerly was often, used distinctively of
<i>solid</i> bodies only: The mechanics of <i>liquid</i> bodies is
called also <i>hydrostatics</i>, or <i>hydrodynamics</i>, according
as the laws of rest or of motion are considered. The mechanics of
<i>gaseous bodies</i> is called also <i>pneumatics</i>. The mechanics
of fluids in motion, with special reference to the methods of
obtaining from them useful results, constitutes
<i>hydraulics</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Animal mechanics</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>that
portion of physiology which has for its object the investigation of
the laws of equilibrium and motion in the animal body. The most
important mechanical principle is that of the lever, the bones
forming the arms of the levers, the contractile muscles the power,
the joints the fulcra or points of support, while the weight of the
body or of the individual limbs constitutes the weight or
resistance.</cd> -- <col><b>Applied mechanics</b></col>, <cd>the
principles of abstract mechanics applied to human art; also, the
practical application of the laws of matter and motion to the
construction of machines and structures of all kinds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mech"an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;canisme</i>, L. <i>mechanisma</i>. See <u>Mechanic</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The arrangement or relation of the parts of a
machine; the parts of a machine, taken collectively; the arrangement
or relation of the parts of anything as adapted to produce an effect;
as, the <i>mechanism</i> of a watch; the <i>mechanism</i> of a sewing
machine; the <i>mechanism</i> of a seed pod.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mechanical operation or action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He acknowledges nothing besides matter and motion; so
that all must be performed either by <i>mechanism</i> or
accident.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Kinematics)</i> <def>An ideal machine; a
combination of movable bodies constituting a machine, but considered
only with regard to relative movements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mech"an*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A maker of machines; one skilled in mechanics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who regards the phenomena of nature as
the effects of forces merely mechanical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mech"an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mechanized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mechanizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;chaniser</i>.] <def>To cause to be mechanical.</def>
<i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mech"an*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mhchanh`</grk> machine + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>One of a number of
copies of anything multiplied mechanically.</def></p>

<p><! p. 907 !></p>

<p><hw>Mech`an*o*graph`ic</hw>
(m&ebreve;k`<i>a</i>n*&osl;*gr&abreve;f"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Treating of
mechanics.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Written, copied, or recorded by machinery;
produced by mechanography; as, a <i>mechanographic</i> record of
changes of temperature; <i>mechanographic</i> prints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mech`an*og"ra*phist</hw> (-&obreve;g"r&adot;*f&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An artist who, by mechanical means,
multiplies copies of works of art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mech`an*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art
of mechanically multiplying copies of a writing, or any work of
art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mech"an*ur`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mhchanh`</grk> machine + the root of &?; work.] <def>That branch
of science which treats of moving machines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mech"i*tar*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Mechitar</i>, an Armenian., who founded the congregation in the
early part of the eighteenth century.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One
of a religious congregation of the Roman Catholic Church devoted to
the improvement of Armenians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mech"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of lace
made at, or originating in, <i>Mechlin</i>, in Belgium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*cho"a*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A species of
jalap, of very feeble properties, said to be obtained from the root
of a species of <i>Convolvulus</i> (<i>C. Mechoacan</i>); -- so
called from <i>Michoacan</i>, in Mexico, whence it is
obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meck*e"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or discovered by, J. F. <i>Meckel</i>, a German
anatomist.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Meckelian cartilage</b></col>, <cd>the cartilaginous rod
which forms the axis of the mandible; -- called also <i>Meckel's
cartilage</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mec"o*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;conate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of meconic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; belonging to
the poppy, fr. &?; the poppy: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;conique</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, the poppy or opium; specif.
<i>(Chem.)</i>, designating an acid related to aconitic acid, found
in opium and extracted as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*con"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem)</i>
<def>An alkaloid found in opium, and extracted as a yellow amorphous
substance which is easily decomposed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mec`o*nid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of
Gr. &?; a poppy. So called in allusion to the shape of the seed
capsules of the poppy.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of gonophore
produced by hydroids of the genus <i>Gonothyr&aelig;a</i>. It has
tentacles, and otherwise resembles a free medusa, but remains
attached by a pedicel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mec"o*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;conine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance regarded as
an anhydride of meconinic acid, existing in opium and extracted as a
white crystalline substance. Also erroneously called <i>meconina</i>,
<i>meconia</i>, etc., as though it were an alkaloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mec`o*nin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid which occurs in opium,
and which may be obtained by oxidizing narcotine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*co"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; poppy.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Opium.</def>
[Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The contents of the fetal intestine;
hence, first excrement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;daille</i>, It. <i>medaglia</i>, fr. L. <i>metallum</i>
metal, through (assumed) LL. <i>metalleus</i> made of metal. See
<u>Metal</u>, and cf. <u>Mail</u> a piece of money.] <def>A piece of
metal in the form of a coin, struck with a device, and intended to
preserve the remembrance of a notable event or an illustrious person,
or to serve as a reward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"al</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Medaled</u> (?), or <u>Medalled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Medaling</u> or <u>Medalling</u>.] <def>To honor
or reward with a medal.</def> "<i>Medaled</i> by the king."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Med"al*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
medal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;dailliste</i>, It. <i>medaglista</i>.] [Written also
<i>medallist</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person that is skilled or curious in
medals; a collector of medals.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A designer of medals.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who has gained a medal as the reward
of merit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*dal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a medal, or to medals.</def> "Our <i>medallic</i>
history."  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*dal"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;daillion</i>, It. <i>medaglione</i>, augm. of
<i>medaglia</i>. See <u>Medal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large medal or memorial coin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A circular or oval (or, sometimes, square)
tablet bearing a figure or figures represented in relief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"al*ur`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Medal</i> +
the root of Gr. &?; work.] <def>The art of making and striking medals
and coins.</def> [Written also <i>medallurgy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Med"dle`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Meddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Meddling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>medlen</i> to mix, OF. <i>medler</i>,
<i>mesler</i>, F. <i>m&ecirc;ler</i>, LL. <i>misculare</i>, a dim.
fr. L. <i>miscere</i> to mix.  &radic;271.  See <u>Mix</u>, and cf.
<u>Medley</u>, <u>Mellay</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mix; to mingle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>More to know<BR>
Did never <i>meddle</i> with my thoughts.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To interest or engage one's self; to have
to do; -- in a good sense.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Study to be quiet, and to <i>meddle</i> with your own
business.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To interest or engage one's self
unnecessarily or impertinently, to interfere or busy one's self
improperly with another's affairs; specifically, to handle or distrub
another's property without permission; -- often followed by
<i>with</i> or <i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why shouldst thou <i>meddle</i> to thy
hurt?</blockquote> <i>2 Kings xiv. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The civil lawyers . . . have <i>meddled</i> in a
matter that belongs not to them.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To meddle and make</b></col>, <cd>to intrude one's self
into another person's concerns.</cd> [Archaic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To interpose; interfere; intermeddle.</p>

<p><hw>Med"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mix; to
mingle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"Wine <i>meddled</i> with gall."</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif (Matt. xxvii. 34).</i></p>

<p><hw>Med"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who meddles;
one who interferes or busies himself with things in which he has no
concern; an officious person; a busybody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"dle*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to
meddling; apt to interpose in the affairs of others; officiously
intrusive.</def> -- <wf>Med"dle*some*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Med"dling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Meddlesome.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Med"dling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a meddling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mede</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Media in Asia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mede</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See lst &amp; 2d <u>Mead</u>,
and <u>Meed</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Me"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Medium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me"di*a</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Medi&aelig;</b></plw> (-&emacr;). [NL., fr. L. <i>medius</i>
middle.] <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>One of the sonant mutes &beta;,
&delta;, &gamma; (<i>b</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>g</i>), in Greek, or of
their equivalents in other languages, so named as intermediate
between the <i>tenues</i>, &pi;, &tau;, &kappa; (<i>p</i>, <i>t</i>,
<i>k</i>), and the <i>aspirat&aelig;</i>  (aspirates) &phi;, &theta;,
&chi; (<i>ph</i> or <i>f</i>, <i>th</i>, <i>ch</i>). Also called
<i>middle mute</i>, or <i>medial</i>, and sometimes <i>soft
mute</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being mediate.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me`di*&aelig;"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>medius</i> middle + <i>aevum</i> age. See <u>Middle</u>, and
<u>Age</u>.] <def>Of or relating to the Middle Ages; as,
<i>medi&aelig;val</i> architecture.</def> [Written also
<i>medieval</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Me`di*&aelig;"val*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
method or spirit of the Middle Ages; devotion to the institutions and
practices of the Middle Ages; a survival from the Middle Ages.</def>
[Written also <i>medievalism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Me`di*&aelig;"val*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
has a taste for, or is versed in, the history of the Middle Ages; one
in sympathy with the spirit or forms of the Middle Ages.</def>
[Written also <i>medievalist</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Me`di*&aelig;"val*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of the Middle Ages; in accordance with
medi&aelig;valism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me`di*&aelig;"vals</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The
people who lived in the Middle Ages.</def>  <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>medialis</i>,
fr. <i>medius</i> middle: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;dial</i>. See
<u>Middle</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a mean or average; mean; as,
<i>medial</i> alligation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phonetics)</i>
<def>See 2d <u>Media</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me"di*a*lu"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>media
luna</i> half-moon.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Half-
moon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>medianus</i>,
fr. <i>medius</i> middle. See <u>Medial</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being in the middle; running through the middle; as, a
<i>median</i> groove.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated in the
middle; lying in a plane dividing a bilateral animal into right and
left halves; -- said of unpaired organs and parts; as, <i>median</i>
coverts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Median line</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<cd>Any line in the mesial plane; specif., either of the lines in
which the mesial plane meets the surface of the body.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>The line drawn from an angle
of a triangle to the middle of the opposite side; any line having the
nature of a diameter.</cd> -- <col><b>Median plane</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the mesial plane.</cd> -- <col><b>Median
point</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the point where the three median
lines of a triangle mutually intersect.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
median line or point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>medians</i>,
p. p. of <i>mediare</i> to halve: cf. It. <i>mediante</i>, F.
<i>m&eacute;diante</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The third above the
keynote; -- so called because it divides the interval between the
tonic and dominant into two thirds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me`di*as*ti"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a mediastinum.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Me`di*as"tine</hw> (?), <hw>||Me`di*as*ti"num</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>mediastinum</i>, fr. L. <i>medius</i>
middle; cf. <i>mediastinus</i> helper, a menial servant, LL.
<i>mediastinus</i> equiv. to <i>medius</i>: cf F.
<i>m&eacute;diastin</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A partition; a septum;
specifically, the folds of the pleura (and the space included between
them) which divide the thorax into a right and left cavity. The space
included between these folds of the pleura, called the <i>mediastinal
space</i>, contains the heart and gives passage to the esophagus and
great blood vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mediatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>mediare</i>, v. t., to halve, v. i., to be in the middle.
See <u>Mid</u>, and cf. <u>Moiety</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being
between the two extremes; middle; interposed; intervening;
intermediate.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acting by means, or by an intervening
cause or instrument; not direct or immediate; acting or suffering
through an intervening agent or condition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gained or effected by a medium or
condition.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An act of <i>mediate</i> knowledge is
complex.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mediated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mediating</u>.] [LL. <i>mediatus</i>, p. p. of <i>mediare</i> to
mediate. See <u>Mediate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be in the middle, or between two; to
intervene.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To interpose between parties, as the equal
friend of each, esp. for the purpose of effecting a reconciliation or
agreement; as, to <i>mediate</i> between nations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To effect by mediation or interposition; to bring about as a
mediator, instrument, or means; as, to <i>mediate</i> a
peace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divide into two equal parts.</def> [R.]
<i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*ate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
mediate manner; by a secondary cause or agent; not directly or
primarily; by means; -- opposed to <i>immediately</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God worketh all things amongst us
<i>mediately</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king grants a manor to A, and A grants a portion
of it to B. In this case. B holds his lands immediately of A, but
<i>mediately</i> of the king.</blockquote> <i>Blakstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being mediate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me`di*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>mediacioun</i>, F. <i>m&eacute;diation</i>. See <u>Mediate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of mediating;
action or relation of anything interposed; action as a necessary
condition, means, or instrument; interposition;
intervention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul [acts] by the <i>mediation</i> of these
passions.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, specifically, agency between
parties at variance, with a view to reconcile them; entreaty for
another; intercession.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
mediation; used in mediation; as, <i>mediative</i> efforts.</def>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me`di*at`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;diatisation</i>.] <def>The act of mediatizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*a*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mediatized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mediatizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>m&eacute;diatiser</i>.]
<def>To cause to act through an agent or to hold a subordinate
position; to annex; -- specifically applied to the annexation during
the former German empire of a smaller German state to a larger, while
allowing it a nominal sovereignty, and its prince his rank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The misfortune of being a <i>mediatized</i>
prince.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mediator</i>: cf. E. <i>m&eacute;diateur</i>.] <def>One who
mediates; especially, one who interposes between parties at variance
for the purpose of reconciling them; hence, an intercessor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For there is one God, and one <i>mediator</i> between
God and men, the man Christ Jesus.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. ii.
5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me`di*a*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a mediator, or to mediation; mediatory; as, a
<i>mediatorial</i> office.</def> -- <wf>Me`di*a*to"ri*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>My measures were . . . healing and
<i>mediatorial</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*a`tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office or character of a mediator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Mediatorial.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Me`di*a"tress</hw> (?), <hw>Me`di*a*"trix</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mediatrix</i>, f. of <i>mediator</i>: cf.
F. <i>m&eacute;diatrice</i>.] <def>A female mediator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>medica</i>, Gr.
&?; (sc. &?;) a kind of clover introduced from <i>Media</i>, from &?;
Median.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leguminous plant of the genus
<i>Medicago</i>. The black medic is the <i>Medicago lupulina</i>; the
purple medic, or lucern, is <i>M. sativa</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>medicus</i>.]
<def>Medical.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Med"i*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>medicabilis</i>, from <i>medicare</i>, <i>medicari</i>, to heal,
fr. <i>medicus</i> physician. See <u>Medical</u>.] <def>Capable of
being medicated; admitting of being cured or healed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>medicalis</i>, L. <i>medicus</i> belonging to healing, fr.
<i>mederi</i> to heal; cf. Zend <i>madha</i> medical science, wisdom,
Gr. &?; to learn, E. <i>mind</i>: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;dical</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or having to do with,
the art of healing disease, or the science of medicine; as, the
<i>medical</i> profession; <i>medical</i> services; a <i>medical</i>
dictionary; <i>medical</i> jurisprudence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing medicine; used in medicine;
medicinal; as, the <i>medical</i> properties of a plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a medical
manner; with reference to healing, or to the principles of the
healing art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"i*ca*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>medicamentum</i>, fr. <i>medicare</i>, <i>medicari</i>, to heal:
cf. F. <i>m&eacute;dicament</i>. See <u>Medicable</u>.] <def>Anything
used for healing diseases or wounds; a medicine; a healing
application.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med`ica*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to medicaments or healing applications; having the
qualities of medicaments.</def> -- <wf>Med`ica*men"tal*ly</wf>, adv.
</p>

<p><hw>Med"i*cas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;dicastre</i>. See <u>Medical</u>.] <def>A quack.</def>
[R.]  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Med"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Medicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Medicating</u> (?).] [L. <i>medicatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>medicare</i>, <i>medicari</i>. See <u>Medicable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tincture or impregnate with anything
medicinal; to drug.</def> "<i>Medicated</i> waters."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), [L. <i>medicatio</i>: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;dication</i>.] <def>The act or process of
medicating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"i*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Medicinal;
acting like a medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med`i*ce"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to the Medici, a noted Italian family; as, the <i>Medicean</i>
Venus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Medicean planets</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a name
given by Galileo to the satellites of Jupiter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*dic"i*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Medicinal;
having the power of healing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*dic"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>medicinalis</i>: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;dicinal</i>. See
<u>Medicine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having curative or
palliative properties; used for the cure or alleviation of bodily
disorders; as, <i>medicinal</i> tinctures, plants, or
springs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drop tears as fast as the Arabian trees<BR>
Their <i>medicinal</i> gum.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to medicine;
medical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*dic"i*nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
medicinal manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"i*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>medicina</i>
(sc. <i>ars</i>), fr. <i>medicinus</i> medical, fr. <i>medicus</i>:
cf. F. <i>m&eacute;decine</i>. See <u>Medical</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science which relates to the prevention,
cure, or alleviation of disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any substance administered in the
treatment of disease; a remedial agent; a remedy; physic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>medicine</i>, life may be
prolonged.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A philter or love potion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [F. <i>m&eacute;decin</i>.] <def>A
physician.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Medicine bag</b></col>, <cd>a charm; -- so called among
the North American Indians, or in works relating to them.</cd> --
<col><b>Medicine man</b></col> (among the North American Indians),
<cd>a person who professes to cure sickness, drive away evil spirits,
and regulate the weather by the arts of magic.</cd> --
<col><b>Medicine seal</b></col>, <cd>a small gem or paste engraved
with reversed characters, to serve as a seal. Such seals were used by
Roman physicians to stamp the names of their medicines.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Med"i*cine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give medicine
to; to affect as a medicine does; to remedy; to cure.</def>
"<i>Medicine</i> thee to that sweet sleep."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Med`i*co-le"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to law as affected by medical facts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med`i*com"mis*sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>medius</i> middle + E. <i>commissure</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
large transverse commissure in the third ventricle of the brain; the
middle or soft commissure.</def>  <i>B. G. Wildex.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Med`i*cor"nu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Medicornua</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>medius</i> middle +
<i>cornu</i> horn.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The middle or inferior horn
of each lateral ventricle of the brain.</def>  <i>B. G.
Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Med"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Science of
medicine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Me*di"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>medietas</i>.] <def>The middle part; half; moiety.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Me`di*e"val</hw>, <hw>Me`di*e"val*ism</hw>,
<hw>Me`di*e"val*ist</hw>  }. <def>Same as <u>Medi&?;val</u>,
<u>Medi&?;valism</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*di"na ep"och</hw> (?). [From <i>Medina</i> in New York.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A subdivision of the Niagara period in the
American upper Silurian, characterized by the formations known as the
Oneida conglomerate, and the Medina sandstone. See the <i>Chart</i>
of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 908 !></p>

<p><hw>Me*di"no</hw> (m&esl;*d&emacr;"n&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Para</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*o`cral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Mediocre.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Me"di*o`cre</hw> (m&emacr;"d&ibreve;*&omacr;`k&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>m&eacute;diocre</i>, L. <i>mediocris</i>,
fr. <i>medius</i> middle. See <u>Mid</u>.] <def>Of a middle quality;
of but a moderate or low degree of excellence; indifferent;
ordinary.</def> " A very <i>mediocre</i> poet."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*o`cre</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A mediocre person.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young monk who was excused from
performing a portion of a monk's duties.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*o`crist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mediocre
person.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Me`di*oc"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;diocrit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>mediocritas</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being mediocre; a middle
state or degree; a moderate degree or rate.</def> "A
<i>mediocrity</i> of success."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moderation; temperance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me`di*o*sta*pe"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>medius</i> middle + E. <i>stapedial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to that part of the columella of the ear which, in
some animals, connects the stapes with the other parts of the
columella.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mediostapedial part
of the columella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me`di*ox"u*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>medioxumus</i> middlemost.] <def>Intermediate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Med"i*tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Meditation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Med"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Meditated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Meditating</u>.] [L. <i>meditatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>meditari</i> to meditate; cf. Gr. &?; to learn, E. <i>mind</i>.]
<def>To keep the mind in a state of contemplation; to dwell on
anything in thought; to think seriously; to muse; to cogitate; to
reflect.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In his law doth he <i>meditate</i> day and
night.</blockquote> <i>Ps. i. 2.</i></p>

<p><hw>Med"i*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To contemplate; to keep the mind fixed upon; to study.</def>
"Blessed is the man that doth <i>meditate</i> good things."
<i>Ecclus. xiv. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To purpose; to intend; to design; to plan
by revolving in the mind; as, to <i>meditate</i> a war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>meditate</i> to pass the remainder of life in a
state of undisturbed repose.</blockquote> <i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To consider; ponder; weigh; revolve; study.  -- To
<u>Meditate</u>, <u>Contemplate</u>, <u>Intend</u>. We
<i>meditate</i> a design when we are looking out or waiting for the
means of its accomplishment; we <i>contemplate</i> it when the means
are at hand, and our decision is nearly or quite made. To
<i>intend</i> is stronger, implying that we have decided to act when
an opportunity may offer. A general <i>meditates</i> an attack upon
the enemy; he <i>contemplates</i> or <i>intends</i> undertaking it at
the earliest convenient season.</p>

<p><hw>Med`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>meditacioun</i>, F. <i>m&eacute;ditation</i>, fr. L.
<i>meditatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of meditating;
close or continued thought; the turning or revolving of a subject in
the mind; serious contemplation; reflection; musing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the words of my mouth and the <i>meditation</i> of
my heart be acceptable in thy sight.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xix.
14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Thought; -- without regard to kind.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With wings as swift<BR>
As <i>meditation</i> or the thoughts of love.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Med"i*ta`tist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is given
to meditation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"i*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>meditativus</i>: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;ditatif</i>.] <def>Disposed to
meditate, or to meditation; as, a <i>meditative</i> man; a
<i>meditative</i> mood.</def> -- <wf>Med"i*ta*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Med"i*ta*tive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Med`i*ter*ra"ne*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mediterraneus</i>; <i>medius</i> middle + <i>terra</i> land. See
<u>Mid</u>, and <u>Terrace</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclosed, or nearly inclosed, with land;
as, the <i>Mediterranean</i> Sea, between Europe and
Africa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inland; remote from the ocean.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cities, as well <i>mediterranean</i> as
maritime.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Mediterranean Sea;
as, <i>Mediterranean</i> trade; a <i>Mediterranean</i>
voyage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med`i*ter*ra"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inland.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Media</b></plw> (#), <plw><b>E</b></plw>.
<plw><b>Mediums</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>medium</i> the middle, fr.
<i>medius</i> middle. See <u>Mid</u>, and cf. <u>Medius</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which lies in the middle, or between
other things; intervening body or quantity. Hence, specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Middle place or degree; mean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The just <i>medium</i> . . . lies between pride and
abjection.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>See <u>Mean</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The mean or middle term of a
syllogism; that by which the extremes are brought into
connection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A substance through which an effect is
transmitted from one thing to another; as, air is the common
<i>medium</i> of sound. Hence: The condition upon which any event or
action occurs; necessary means of motion or action; that through or
by which anything is accomplished, conveyed, or carried on;
specifically, in animal magnetism, spiritualism, etc., a person
through whom the action of another being is said to be manifested and
transmitted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether any other liquors, being made <i>mediums</i>,
cause a diversity of sound from water, it may be tried.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I must bring together<BR>
All these extremes; and must remove all <i>mediums</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An average.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>medium</i> of six years of war, and six years of
peace.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A trade name for printing and writing
paper of certain sizes. See <u>Paper</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>The liquid vehicle with
which dry colors are ground and prepared for application.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Circulating medium</b></col>, <cd>a current medium of
exchange, whether coin, bank notes, or government notes.</cd> --
<col><b>Ethereal medium</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the
ether.</cd> -- <col><b>Medium of exchange</b></col>, <cd>that which
is used for effecting an exchange of commodities -- money or current
representatives of money.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*um</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a middle
position or degree; mean; intermediate; medial; as, a horse of
<i>medium</i> size; a decoction of <i>medium</i> strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"di*um-sized`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
medium size; as, a <i>medium-sized</i> man.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me"di*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Medii</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>medius</i> middle. See
<u>Medium</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The third or middle finger; the
third digit, or that which corresponds to it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>medler</i>
medlar tree, OF. <i>meslier</i>, F. <i>n&eacute;flier</i>, L.
<i>mespilum</i>, <i>mespilus</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;.  Cf.
<u>Naseberry</u>.] <def>A tree of the genus <i>Mespilus</i> (<i>M.
Germanica</i>); also, the fruit of the tree. The fruit is something
like a small apple, but has a bony endocarp. When first gathered the
flesh is hard and austere, and it is not eaten until it has begun to
decay.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Japan medlar</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the loquat. See
<u>Loquat</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Neapolitan medlar</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of thorn tree (<i>Crat&aelig;gus
Azarolus</i>); also, its fruit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Med"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Meddle</u>.]
<def>To mix; to mingle; to meddle.</def> [Written also <i>medly</i>.]
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Med"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Medleys</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>medlee</i>, OF.
<i>mesl&eacute;e</i>, <i>medl&eacute;e</i>, <i>mell&eacute;e</i>, F.
<i>m&ecirc;l&eacute;e</i>. See <u>Meddle</u>, and cf.
<u>Mel&Eacute;e</u>, <u>Mellay</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
mixture; a mingled and confused mass of ingredients, usually
inharmonious; a jumble; a hodgepodge; -- often used
contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>medley</i> of philosophy and war.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Love is a <i>medley</i> of endearments, jars,<BR>
Suspicions, reconcilements, wars.</blockquote> <i>W. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The confusion of a hand to hand battle; a
brisk, hand to hand engagement; a m&ecirc;l&eacute;e.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A composition of passages
detached from several different compositions; a potpourri.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Medley</i> is usually applied to vocal, <i>potpourri</i>
to instrumental, compositions.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A cloth of mixed colors.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Med"ley</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Mixed; of mixed material or color.</def> [Obs.] "A
<i>medl&eacute; coat</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mingled; confused.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Med"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Medle</u>.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||M&eacute;`doc"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Mayduke</u>.] <def>A class of claret wines, including several
varieties, from the district of M&eacute;doc in the department of
Gironde.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"re*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Bonito</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"rick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of gull or tern.</def> [Prov.]
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*dul"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Marrow; pith; hence, essence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The marrow of bones; the
deep or inner portion of an organ or part; as, the <i>medulla</i>, or
medullary substance, of the kidney; specifically, the medula
oblongata.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A soft tissue, occupying the
center of the stem or branch of a plant; pith.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Medulla oblongata</b></col>. [L., oblong medulla]
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the posterior part of the brain connected with
the spinal cord. It includes all the hindbrain except the cerebellum
and pons, and from it a large part of the cranial nerves arise. It
controls very largely respiration, circulation, swallowing, and other
functions, and is the most vital part of the brain; -- called also
<i>bulb of the spinal cord</i>. See <u>Brain</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*dul"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Medullary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"ul*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>medullaris</i>, fr. <i>medulla</i> marrow: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;dullaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to, consisting of, or resembling,
marrow or medulla.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to the
medula oblongata.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Filled with spongy pith;
pithy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Medullary groove</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a groove,
in the epiblast of the vertebrate blastoderm, the edges of which
unite, making a tube (the medullary canal) from which the brain and
spinal cord are developed.</cd> -- <col><b>Medullary rays</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the rays of cellular tissue seen in a transverse
section of exogenous wood, which pass from the pith to the bark.</cd>
-- <col><b>Medullary sheath</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the layer
of white semifluid substance (myelin), between the primitive sheath
and axis cylinder of a medullated nerve fiber.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*dul"la*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Furnished with a medulla or marrow, or with a medullary sheath;
as, a <i>medullated</i> nerve fiber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*dul"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;dulline</i>.] <i>(Bot. Chem.)</i> <def>A variety of
lignin or cellulose found in the medulla, or pith, of certain plants.
Cf. <u>Lignin</u>, and <u>Cellulose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*du"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The Gorgon; or one of
the Gorgons whose hair was changed into serpents, after which all who
looked upon her were turned into stone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Medusae</b></plw> (&?;).]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any free swimming acaleph; a
jellyfish.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The larger <i>medus&aelig;</i> belong to the Discophora,
and are sometimes called <i>covered-eyed medus&aelig;</i>; others,
known as <i>naked-eyed medus&aelig;</i>, belong to the Hydroidea, and
are usually developed by budding from hydroids. See
<u>Discophora</u>, <u>Hydroidea</u>, and <u>Hydromedusa</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Medusa bud</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the
buds of a hydroid, destined to develop into a gonophore or medusa.
See <u>Athecata</u>, and <u>Gonotheca</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Medusa's
head</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>An
astrophyton</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>A cluster
of stars in the constellation Perseus. It contains the bright star
Algol.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*du"si*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A medusa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*du"si*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Medusa</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling a medusa in shape
or structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*du"soid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Medusa</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like a medusa; having the
fundamental structure of a medusa, but without a locomotive disk; --
said of the sessile gonophores of hydroids.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sessile gonophore. See <i>Illust.</i>
under <u>Gonosome</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meech</hw> (m&emacr;ch), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mich</u>.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Meed</hw> (m&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mede</i>,
AS. <i>m&emacr;d</i>, <i>meord</i>; akin to OS. <i>m&emacr;da</i>,
OHG. <i>miata</i>, <i>mieta</i>, G. <i>miethe</i> hire, Goth.
<i>mizd&omacr;</i> reward, Bohem. &amp; Russ. <i>mzda</i>, Gr.
<grk>mistho`s</grk>, Skr. <i>m&imacr;dha</i>. &radic;276.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is bestowed or rendered in
consideration of merit; reward; recompense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A rosy garland was the victor's
<i>meed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Merit or desert; worth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>meed</i> hath got me fame.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gift; also, a bride.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meed</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
reward; to repay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Waytt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deserve; to merit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meed"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy of meed,
reward, or recompense; meritorious.</def> "<i>Meedful</i> works."
<i>Wiclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meed"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According to
merit; suitably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meek</hw> (m&emacr;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Meeker</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Meekest</u>.] [OE. <i>mek</i>,
<i>meoc</i>; akin to Icel. <i>mj&?;kr</i> mild, soft, Sw.
<i>mjuk</i>, Dan. <i>myg</i>, D. <i>muik</i>, Goth.
<i>muka</i>m&omacr;dei gentleness.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mild of
temper; not easily provoked or orritated; patient under injuries; not
vain, or haughty, or resentful; forbearing; submissive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now the man Moses was very <i>meek</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Num. xii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evincing mildness of temper, or patience;
characterized by mildness or patience; as, a <i>meek</i> answer; a
<i>meek</i> face.</def> "Her <i>meek</i> prayer."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gentle; mild; soft; yielding; pacific; unassuming;
humble. See <u>Gentle</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Meek</hw>, <hw>Meek"en</hw> (-'n) }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make meek; to nurture in gentleness and humility.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meek"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a meek
manner.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meek"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being meek.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meer</hw> (m&emacr;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Simple;
unmixed. See <u>Mere</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Meer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Mere</u>, a
lake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boundary. See
<u>Mere</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Meer"kat</hw> (m&emacr;r"k&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[D.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South African carnivore (<i>Cynictis
penicillata</i>), allied to the ichneumons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meer"schaum</hw> (m&emacr;r"sh&add;m; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., lit., sea foam; <i>meer</i> sea +
<i>schaum</i> foam; but it perh. is a corruption of the Tartaric name
<i>myrsen</i>.  Cf. <u>Mere</u> a lake, and <u>Scum</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A fine white claylike mineral,
soft, and light enough when in dry masses to float in water. It is a
hydrous silicate of magnesia, and is obtained chiefly in Asia Minor.
It is manufacturd into tobacco pipes, cigar holders, etc. Also called
<i>sepiolite</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tobacco pipe made of this
mineral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meet</hw> (m&emacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Met</u> (m&ebreve;t); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Meeting</u>.] [OE. <i>meten</i>, AS.
<i>m&emacr;tan</i>, fr. <i>m&omacr;t</i>, <i>gem&omacr;t</i>, a
meeting; akin to OS. <i>m&omacr;tian</i> to meet, Icel.
<i>m&aelig;ta</i>, Goth. <i>gam&omacr;tjan</i>. See <u>Moot</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To join, or come in
contact with; esp., to come in contact with by approach from an
opposite direction; to come upon or against, front to front, as
distinguished from contact by following and overtaking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come in collision with; to confront in
conflict; to encounter hostilely; as, they <i>met</i> the enemy and
defeated them; the ship <i>met</i> opposing winds and
currents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come into the presence of without
contact; to come close to; to intercept; to come within the
perception, influence, or recognition of; as, to <i>meet</i> a train
at a junction; to <i>meet</i> carriages or persons in the street; to
<i>meet</i> friends at a party; sweet sounds <i>met</i> the
ear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His daughter came out to <i>meet</i> him.</blockquote>
<i>Judg. xi. 34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To perceive; to come to a knowledge of; to
have personal acquaintance with; to experience; to suffer; as, the
eye <i>met</i> a horrid sight; he <i>met</i> his fate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of vice or virtue, whether blest or curst,<BR>
Which <i>meets</i> contempt, or which compassion first.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To come up to; to be even with; to equal;
to match; to satisfy; to ansver; as, to <i>meet</i> one's
expectations; the supply <i>meets</i> the demand.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To meet half way</b></col>, <cd>literally, to go half the
distance between in order to meet (one); hence, figuratively, to
yield or concede half of the difference in order to effect a
compromise or reconciliation with.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Meet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
come together by mutual approach; esp., to come in contact, or into
proximity, by approach from opposite directions; to join; to come
face to face; to come in close relationship; as, we <i>met</i> in the
street; two lines <i>meet</i> so as to form an angle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, when <i>meet</i> now<BR>
Such pairs in love and mutual honor joined !</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come together with hostile purpose; to
have an encounter or conflict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Weapons more violent, when next we <i>meet</i>,<BR>
May serve to better us and worse our foes.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assemble together; to congregate; as,
Congress <i>meets</i> on the first Monday of December.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . appointed a day to <i>meet</i>
together.</blockquote> <i>2. Macc. xiv. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To come together by mutual concessions;
hence, to agree; to harmonize; to unite.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To meet with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To light
upon; to find; to come to; -- often with the sense of
unexpectedness.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>met with</i> many things worthy of
observation.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To join; to unite in company.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To suffer unexpectedly; as, to
<i>meet with</i> a fall; to <i>meet with</i> a loss.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To encounter; to be subjected to.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Prepare <i>to meet with</i> more than brutal fury<BR>
From the fierce prince.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To obviate.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assembling together;
esp., the assembling of huntsmen for the hunt; also, the persons who
so assemble, and the place of meeting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meet</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mete</i> fitting,
moderate, scanty, AS. <i>m&aemacr;te</i> moderate; akin to
<i>gemet</i> fit, meet, <i>metan</i> to mete, and G.
<i>m&auml;ssig</i> moderate, <i>gem&auml;ss</i> fitting. See
<u>Mete</u>.] <def>Suitable; fit; proper; appropriate; qualified;
convenient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was <i>meet</i> that we should make
merry.</blockquote> <i>Luke xv. 32.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be meet with</b></col>, <cd>to be even with; to be
equal to.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 909 !></p>

<p><hw>Meet</hw> (m&emacr;t), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Meetly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meet"en</hw> (m&emacr;t"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render fit.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Meet"er</hw> (m&emacr;t"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who meets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meeth</hw> (m&emacr;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mead. See
<u>Meathe</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meet"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
coming together; an assembling; as, the <i>meeting</i> of
Congress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A junction, crossing, or union; as, the
<i>meeting</i> of the roads or of two rivers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A congregation; a collection of people; a
convention; as, a large <i>meeting</i>; an harmonious
<i>meeting</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An assembly for worship; as, to attend
<i>meeting</i> on Sunday; -- in England, applied distinctively and
disparagingly to the worshiping assemblies of Dissenters.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Conference; assembly; company; convention;
congregation; junction; confluence; union.</p>

<p><hw>Meet"ing*house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house
used as a place of worship; a church; -- in England, applied only to
a house so used by Dissenters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meet"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Fitly; suitably;
properly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meet"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fitness;
suitableness; propriety.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Meg-</hw> (m&ebreve;g-), <hw>Meg"a</hw> (m&ebreve;g"&adot;-
), <hw>Meg"a*lo-</hw> (-l&osl;-) }. [Gr. <grk>me`gas</grk>, gen.
<grk>mega`loy</grk>, great.] <def>Combining forms signifying:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Great, extended, powerful; as, <i>mega</i>scope,
<i>mega</i>cosm.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Metric System, Elec.,
Mech., etc.)</i> <def>A million times, a million of; as,
<i>mega</i>meter, a million meters; <i>mega</i>farad, a million
farads; <i>meg</i>ohm, a million ohms.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Meg`a*ce*phal"ic</hw>
(m&ebreve;g`&adot;*s&esl;*f&abreve;l"&ibreve;k),
<hw>Meg`a*ceph"a*lous</hw> (-s&ebreve;f"&adot;*l&ubreve;s) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> + Gr. <grk>kefalh`</grk> head.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Large headed; -- applied to animals, and to
plants when they have large flower heads.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*gac"e*ros</hw> (m&esl;*g&abreve;s"&esl;*r&obreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>me`gas</grk> great +
<grk>ke`ras</grk> horn.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>The Irish
elk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*chile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> + Gr.
&?; lip.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A leaf-cutting bee of the genus
<i>Megachilus</i>. See <i>Leaf cutter</i>, under
<u>Leaf</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*cosm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> + Gr.
&?; world.] <def>See <u>Macrocosm</u>.</def>  <i>Croft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meg`a*cou`lomb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> +
<i>coulomb</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A million coulombs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> + Gr.
&?; skin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of Old
World blood-sucking bats of the genus <i>Megaderma</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*dyne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> +
<i>dyne</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>One of the larger measures of
force, amounting to one million dynes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*far`ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> +
<i>farad</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>One of the larger measures of
electrical capacity, amounting to one million farads; a
macrofarad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*lerg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Megalo-</i> +
<i>erg</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A million ergs; a
megerg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg`a*le"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Megalesius</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>Mega`lh</grk> the Great, a surname of
Cybele, the Magna Mater.] <def>Pertaining to, or in honor of, Cybele;
as, the <i>Megalesian</i> games at Rome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg`a*leth"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-
</i> + <i>alethoscope</i>.] <def>An optical apparatus in which
pictures are viewed through a large lens with stereoptical effects.
It is often combined with the stereoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*lith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> + <i>-
lith</i>; cf. F. <i>m&eacute;galithe</i>.] <def>A large stone;
especially, a large stone used in ancient building.</def> --
<wf>Meg`a*lith"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*lo-</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Meg-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*lo*cyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Megalo-</i> +
Gr. &?; a hollow vessel.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A large, flattened
corpuscle, twice the diameter of the ordinary red corpuscle, found in
considerable numbers in the blood in profound an&aelig;mia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg`a*lo*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>megalo-</i> + <i>mania</i>.] <i>(Pathol.)</i> <def>A form of
mental alienation in which the patient has grandiose
delusions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Meg`a*lon"yx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>me`gas</grk>, <grk>mega`lh</grk>, great + <grk>'o`nyx</grk>
claw.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct quaternary mammal, of great
size, allied to the sloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg`a*loph"o*nous</hw>
(m&ebreve;g`&adot;*l&obreve;f"&osl;*n&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Megalo-</i> + Gr. <grk>fwnh`</grk> voice.] <def>Having a loud
voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg`a*lop"o*lis</hw> (-l&obreve;p"&osl;*l&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>megalo`polis</grk>;
<grk>me`gas</grk>, <grk>mega`lh</grk>, great + <grk>po`lis</grk>
city.] <def>A chief city; a metropolis.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*lops</hw> (m&ebreve;g"&adot;*l&obreve;ps),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>me`gas</grk>, <grk>-
a`loy</grk>, large + <grk>'w`ps</grk> eye.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A larva, in a stage following the zo&euml;a,
in the development of most crabs. In this stage the legs and
abdominal appendages have appeared, the abdomen is relatively long,
and the eyes are large. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large fish; the tarpum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg`a*lop"sy*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Megalo-
</i> + Gr. &?; soul, mind.] <def>Greatness of soul.</def> [Obs. &
R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Meg"a*lo*saur`</hw> (?), <hw>||Meg`a*lo*sau"rus</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>megalosaurus</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>me`gas</grk>, <grk>mega`lh</grk>, great + <grk>say^ros</grk>
lizard: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;galosaure</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A
gigantic carnivorous dinosaur, whose fossil remains have been found
in England and elsewhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*gam"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;gam&egrave;tre</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for
determining longitude by observation of the stars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A micrometer.</def> [R.]
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Meg"a*me`ter</hw>, <hw>Meg"a*me`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> + <i>meter</i>, <i>metre</i>, n.,
2.] <def>In the metric system, one million meters, or one thousand
kilometers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg`am`p&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-
</i> + <i>amp&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A million
amp&egrave;res.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> + Gr.
<grk>fwnh`</grk> voice.] <def>A device to magnify sound, or direct it
in a given direction in a greater volume, such as a very large funnel
used as an ear trumpet or as a speaking trumpet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*gaph"y*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>me`gas</grk> great + <grk>fyto`n</grk> plant.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>An extinct genus of tree ferns with large, two-ranked leaves, or
fronds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*pode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> + Gr.
<grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of large-footed, gallinaceous birds
of the genera <i>Megapodius</i> and <i>Leipoa</i>, inhabiting
Australia and other Pacific islands. See <i>Jungle fowl</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> under <u>Jungle</u>, and <u>Leipoa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*gap"o*lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`gas</grk> great + <grk>po`lis</grk> city.] <def>A
metropolis.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Me*ga"ri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Me*gar"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging, or pertaining, to Megara, a city
of ancient Greece.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Megarian</b></col>, or <col><b>Megaric</b></col>,
<col><b>school</b></col>, <cd>a school of philosophy established at
Megara, after the death of Socrates, by his disciples, and remarkable
for its logical subtlety.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> +
<i>-scope</i>: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;gascope</i>.] <def>A modification
of the magic lantern, used esp. for throwing a magnified image of an
opaque object on a screen, solar or artificial light being
used.</def> [archaic] </p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*seme</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> + Gr.
&?; sing, mark: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;gas&egrave;me</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having the orbital index relatively large; having the orbits
narrow transversely; -- opposed to <i>microseme</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Me"gass"</hw> (?), <hw>Me*gasse"</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Bagasse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg"as*thene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`gas</grk> great + <grk>sthe`nos</grk> strength.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a group which includes the higher
orders of mammals, having a large size as a typical
characteristic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg`as*then"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a typically large size; belonging to
the megasthenes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg"a*stome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`gas</grk> great + <grk>sto`ma</grk> mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a group of univalve shells, having a
large aperture or mouth.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Meg"a*there</hw> (?), <hw>||Meg`a*the"ri*um</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>megatherium</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>me`gas</grk> great + <grk>thyri`on</grk> beast.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct gigantic quaternary mammal, allied
to the ant-eaters and sloths. Its remains are found in South
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg`a*the"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Megatherium</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of a
family of extinct edentates found in America.  The family includes
the megatherium, the megalonyx, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg`a*volt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> +
<i>volt</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>One of the larger measures of
electro-motive force, amounting to one million volts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg`a*we"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> +
<i>weber</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A million webers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meg"erg`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> +
<i>erg</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>One of the larger measures of
work, amounting to one million ergs; -- called also
<i>megalerg</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Me*gilp"</hw> (?), <hw>Me*gilph"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A gelatinous compound of
linseed oil and mastic varnish, used by artists as a vehicle for
colors.</def> [Written also <i>magilp</i>, and <i>magilph</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Meg"ohm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mega-</i> +
<i>ohm</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>One of the larger measures of
electrical resistance, amounting to one million ohms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"grim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>migrim</i>,
<i>migrene</i>, F. <i>migraine</i>, LL. <i>hemigrania</i>, L.
<i>hemicrania</i>, <i>hemicranium</i>, Gr. <grk>"hmikrani`a</grk>;
<grk>"hmi-</grk> half + <grk>krani`on</grk> skull. See <u>Hemi-</u>
and <u>Cranium</u>, and cf. <u>Hemicrania</u>, <u>Migraine</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of sick or nervous headache, usually
periodical and confined to one side of the head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fancy; a whim; a freak; a humor; esp.,
in the plural, lowness of spirits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These are his <i>megrims</i>, firks, and
melancholies.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A sudden vertigo
in a horse, succeeded sometimes by unconsciousness, produced by an
excess of blood in the brain; a mild form of apoplexy.</def>
<i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"grim</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The British smooth sole, or scaldfish
(<i>Psetta arnoglossa</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mei*bo"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, <i>Meibomius</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Meibomian glands</b></col>, <cd>the slender sebaceous
glands of the eyelids, which discharge, through minute orifices in
the edges of the lids, a fatty secretion serving to lubricate the
adjacent parts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Meine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Menge</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mein"e</hw>, <hw>Mein"y</hw>, (&?;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>maisni&eacute;e</i>, <i>maisnie</i>. See <u>Menial</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A family, including servants, etc.;
household; retinue; train.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Company; band; army.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mei"o*cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Miocene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mei"o*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mei`wn</grk> smaller. So called in a allusion to the low
pyramids of the crystals.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A member of the
scapolite group, occuring in glassy crystals on Monte Somma, near
Naples.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mei*o"sis</hw> (m&isl;*&omacr;"s&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>mei`wsis</grk>, fr.
<grk>meioy^n</grk> to make smaller, from <grk>mei`wn</grk>. See
<u>Meionite</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Diminution; a species of
hyperbole, representing a thing as being less than it really
is.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mei`o*stem"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mei`wn</grk> smaller + &?; warp, thread.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having fever stamens than the parts of the corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Meis"ter*sing`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<def>See <u>Mastersinger</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mekh"i*tar*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>See <u>Mechitarist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lac"o*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk> black + &?; dust.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An earthy
black oxide of copper, arising from the decomposition of other
ores.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Me*la"da</hw> (?), <hw>||Me*la"do</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., prop. p. p. of <i>melar</i> to sugar,
candy, fr. L. <i>mel</i> honey. See <u>Molasses</u>.] <def>A mixture
of sugar and molasses; crude sugar as it comes from the pans without
being drained.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*l&aelig;"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk>, m., <grk>me`laina</grk>, f., black.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A discharge from the bowels of black matter, consisting of
altered blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"ain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Mel&aelig;na</u>.] <def>The dark coloring matter of the liquid of
the cuttlefish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lai"no*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Melanotype</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"lam</hw> (m&emacr;"l&abreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>m&eacute;lam</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white or buff-colored
granular powder, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>9</sub>N<sub>11</sub>, obtained
by heating ammonium sulphocyanate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lam"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A strong nitrogenous base,
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>N<sub>6</sub>, produced from several
cyanogen compounds, and obtained as a white crystalline substance, --
formerly supposed to be produced by the decomposition of
<i>melam</i>. Called also <i>cyanuramide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"am*pode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>melampo`dion</grk>; of uncertain origin.] <def>The black
hellebore.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mel`am*py"rin</hw> (?), <hw>Mel`am*py"rite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Melampyrum</i> cowwheat; Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk> black + <grk>pyro`s</grk> wheat.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The saccharine substance dulcite; -- so called because found in
the leaves of cowwheat (<i>Melampyrum</i>). See
<u>Dulcite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mel`a*n&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black + <grk>a"i^ma</grk>
blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition in which the blood
contains black pigment either floating freely or imbedded in the
white blood corpuscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lan"a*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black + &?; leading, driving,
&?; to lead.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine supposed to expel black
bile or choler.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mel`an*cho"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Melancholy</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of mental unsoundness
characterized by extreme depression of spirits, ill-grounded fears,
delusions, and brooding over one particular subject or train of
ideas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`an*cho"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
affected with melancholy; a melancholic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. J.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"an*chol`ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>melancholicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;lancholique</i>.]
<def>Given to melancholy; depressed; melancholy; dejected;
unhappy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just as the <i>melancholic</i> eye<BR>
Sees fleets and armies in the sky.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"an*chol`ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One affected with a gloomy state of
mind.</def>  <i>J. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gloomy state of mind; melancholy.</def>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"an*chol`i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
melancholy manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"an*chol`i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being melancholy.</def>  <i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel`an*cho"li*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>melancholieux</i>.] <def>Melancholy.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"an*chol*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
affected with melancholy or dejection.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"an*cho*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
become gloomy or dejected in mind.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"an*cho*lize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
melancholy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"an*chol*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>melancolie</i>, F. <i>m&eacute;lancolie</i>, L.
<i>melancholia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>,
black + &?; gall, bile. See <u>Malice</u>, and 1st <u>Gall</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Depression of spirits; a gloomy state
continuing a considerable time; deep dejection; gloominess.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Great and continued depression of spirits,
amounting to mental unsoundness; melancholia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pensive maditation; serious
thoughtfulness.</def> [Obs.] "Hail, divinest <i>Melancholy</i> !"
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Ill nature.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"an*chol*y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Depressed in spirits; dejected; gloomy dismal.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing great evil and grief; causing
dejection; calamitous; afflictive; as, a <i>melancholy</i>
event.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Somewhat deranged in mind; having the
jugment impaired.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Favorable to meditation; somber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A pretty, <i>melancholy</i> seat, well wooded and
watered.</blockquote> <i>Evelin.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gloomy; sad; dispirited; low-spirited; downhearted;
unhappy; hypochondriac; disconsolate; heavy, doleful; dismal;
calamitous; afflictive.</p>

<p><hw>Mel`a*ne"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black + &?; island.
<i>Melanesia</i> was so called from the dark complexion of the
natives.] <def>Of or pertaining to Melanesia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||M&eacute;`lange"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Mell</u>, <u>Meddle</u>.] <def>A mixture; a medley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*la"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a family of fresh-water pectinibranchiate mollusks,
having a turret-shaped shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Melanotic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
black-haired races.</def>  <i>Prichard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*lan"i*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A complex nitrogenous hydrocarbon obtained artificially (as by
the action of cyanogen chloride on aniline) as a white, crystalline
substance; -- called also <i>diphenyl guanidin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"a*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A
black pigment found in the pigment-bearing cells of the skin
(particularly in the skin of the negro), in the epithelial cells of
the external layer of the retina (then called <i>fuscin</i>), in the
outer layer of the choroid, and elsewhere. It is supposed to be
derived from the decomposition of hemoglobin.</def></p>

<p><! p. 910 !></p>

<p><hw>Mel"a*nism</hw> (m&ebreve;l"&adot;*n&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>,
black.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An undue development of dark-colored
pigment in the skin or its appendages; -- the opposite of
<i>albinism</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease; black jaundice.
See <u>Mel&aelig;na</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`a*nis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected
with melanism; of the nature of melanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"a*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;lanite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A black variety of
garnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mel`a*noch"ro*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Melanochroic</u>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A group of the human
race, including the dark whites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`a*no*chro"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>melana`chroos</grk>; <grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black
+ <grk>chroa`</grk> color.] <def>Having a dark complexion; of or
pertaining to the Melanochroi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`a*no*chro"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Melanochroic</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a red, or
brownish or yellowish red color. It is a chromate of lead; -- called
also <i>ph&oelig;nicocroite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`a*noc"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black + &?; hair.] <def>Having
very dark or black hair; black-haired.</def>  <i>Prichard.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mel`a*nor*rh&oelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black + &?; to flow.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An East Indian genus of large trees.
<i>Melanorrh&oelig;a usitatissima</i> is the lignum-vit&aelig; of
Pegu, and yields a valuable black varnish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lan"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black + <i>-scope</i>.]
<i>(Opt.)</i> <def>An instrument containing a combination of colored
glasses such that they transmit only red light, so that objects of
other colors, as green leaves, appear black when seen through it. It
is used for viewing colored flames, to detect the presence of
potassium, lithium, etc., by the red light which they emit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mel`a*no"sis</hw> (?), [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a growing black,
fr. <grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The morbid deposition of black matter, often of a malignant
character, causing pigmented tumors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lan"o*sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black + <grk>spe`rma</grk>
seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An alga of any kind that produces blackish
spores, or seed dust.  The melanosperms include the rockweeds and all
kinds of kelp.</def> -- <wf>Mel`a*no*sper"mous</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mel`a*not"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Melanistic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lan"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black + <i>-type</i>.]
<i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A positive picture produced with sensitized
collodion on a smooth surface of black varnish, coating a thin plate
of iron; also, the process of making such a picture.</def> [Written
also <i>melainotype</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Me*lan"ter*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A hydrous sulphate of iron of a green color and vitreous luster;
iron vitriol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"a*nure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>melanurus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black
+ <grk>o'ura`</grk> tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small fish of
the Mediterranean; a gilthead. See <u>Gilthead</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`a*nu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Melam</i> +
<i>urea</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a
complex nitrogenous acid obtained by decomposition of melam, or of
urea, as a white crystalline powder; -- called also <i>melanurenic
acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"a*phyre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>, black + por<i>phyre</i>
porphyry.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Any one of several dark-colored
augitic, eruptive rocks allied to basalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*las"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
black spot.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A dark discoloration of the skin,
usually local; as, Addison's <i>melasma</i>, or Addison's
disease.</def> -- <wf>Me*las"mic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Me*las"ses</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Molasses</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*las"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Molasses</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
an acid obtained from molasses or glucose, and probably identical
with saccharic acid. See <u>Saccharic</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||Me*las"to*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`las</grk> black + <grk>sto`ma</grk> mouth.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of evergreen tropical shrubs; -- so called from the
black berries of some species, which stain the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`a*sto*ma"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Belonging to the order of which Melastoma is the
type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"chite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>melek</i>
king.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect, chiefly in Syria and
Egypt, which acknowledges the authority of the pope, but adheres to
the liturgy and ceremonies of the Eastern Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`e*a"grine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the genus
Meleagris.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mel`e*a"gris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the Guinea
fowl.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of American gallinaceous
birds, including the common and the wild turkeys.</def></p>

<p><hw>||M&ecirc;`l&eacute;e"</hw> (m&asl;`l&asl;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>m&ecirc;ler</i> to mix. See
<u>Meddle</u>, <u>Mell</u>, and cf. <u>Mellay</u>.] <def>A fight in
which the combatants are mingled in one confused mass; a hand to hand
conflict; an affray.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*le"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Mel&aelig;na</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mel</i>issic +
ethyl<i>ene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An unsaturated hydrocarbon,
C<sub>30</sub>H<sub>60</sub>, of the ethylene series, obtained from
beeswax as a white, scaly, crystalline wax; -- called also
<i>melissene</i>, and <i>melissylene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"e*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`li</grk> honey.] <def>An explosive of great destructive
power; -- so called from its color, which resembles honey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"e*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Quercitin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lez"i*tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;l&egrave;ze</i> the larch + mel<i>itose</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A variety of sugar, isomeric with sucrose,
extracted from the manna of the larch (<i>Larix</i>).</def> [Written
also <i>melicitose</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Me`li*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to a natural order (<i>Meliac&aelig;</i>) of plants
of which the genus <i>Melia</i> is the type. It includes the mahogany
and the Spanish cedar.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mel`i*be"an</hw> (?), <hw>Mel`i*b&?;"an</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L. <i>Meliboeus</i>, one of the
interlocutors in Virgil's first Eclogue.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<def>Alternately responsive, as verses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"ic</hw> (?), [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; song.] <def>Of or
pertaining to song; lyric; tuneful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lic"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>meliceris</i> a kind of tumor, fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>me`li</grk> honey
+ &?; wax.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Consisting of or containing matter
like honey; -- said of certain encysted tumors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"ic grass`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of grasses
(<i>Melica</i>) of little agricultural importance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`i*co*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Melocoton</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lic"ra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>meli`kraton</grk>.] <def>A meadlike drink.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mel"i*lite</hw> (m&ebreve;l"&ibreve;*l&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>me`li</grk> honey + <i>-lite</i>; cf.
F. <i>m&eacute;lilithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occurring
in small yellow crystals, found in the lavas (<i>melilite basalt</i>)
of Vesuvius, and elsewhere.</def> [Written also
<i>mellilite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mel"i*lot</hw> (-l&obreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;lilot</i>, L. <i>melilotus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, a kind
of clover containing honey; <grk>me`li</grk> honey + &?; lotus.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any species of <i>Melilotus</i>, a genus of
leguminous herbs having a vanillalike odor; sweet clover; hart's
clover. The blue melilot (<i>Melilotus c&aelig;rulea</i>) is used in
Switzerland to give color and flavor to sapsago cheese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`i*lot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, sweet clover or melilot;
specifically, designating an acid of the aromatic series, obtained
from melilot as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"io*rate</hw> (m&emacr;l"y&osl;*r&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Meliorated</u> (-
r&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Meliorating</u>.] [L. <i>melioratus</i>, p. p. of <i>meliorare</i>
to meliorate, fr. <i>melior</i> better; akin to Gr.
<grk>ma^llon</grk> rather, <grk>ma`la</grk> very.  Cf.
<u>Ameliorate</u>.] <def>To make better; to improve; to ameliorate;
to soften; to make more tolerable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature by art we nobly <i>meliorate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The pure and benign light of revelation has had a
<i>meliorating</i> influence on mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"io*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow
better.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"io*ra`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Meliorator</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`io*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>melioratio</i>.] <def>The act or operation of meliorating, or the
state of being meliorated; improvement.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"io*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
meliorates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"io*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>melior</i> better.] <def>The doctrine that there is a tendency
throughout nature toward improvement.</def>  <i>J. Sully.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel*ior"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>melioritas</i>, fr. L. <i>melior</i>. See <u>Meliorate</u>.]
<def>The state or quality of being better; melioration.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*liph"a*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`li</grk> honey + &?; to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Belonging to the genus <i>Meliphaga</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*liph"a*gan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any bird of the genus <i>Meliphaga</i> and allied genera; a
honey eater; -- called also <i>meliphagidan</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*liph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Meliphagan</u>.] <i>(Zool.)</i> <def>Eating, or feeding upon,
honey.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*lis"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Melismata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>me`lisma</grk> a
song.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A piece of melody; a
song or tune, -- as opposed to <i>recitative</i> or musical
declamation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A grace or
embellishment.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*lis"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`lissa</grk> a bee, honey.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
labiate herbs, including the balm, or bee balm (<i>Melissa
officinalis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lis"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`lissa</grk> a bee, honey.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or derived from, beeswax; specif., denoting an acid obtained by
oxidation of myricin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lis"syl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meliss</i>ic
+<i>yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Myricyl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lis"sy*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meliss</i>ic
+ <i>-yl</i> + <i>-ene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Melene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"i*tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`li</grk> honey.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A variety of sugar
isomeric with sucrose, extracted from cotton seeds and from the so-
called Australian manna (a secretion of certain species of
Eucalyptus).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&ecirc;ler</i>, OF. <i>meller</i>, <i>mester</i>. See
<u>Meddle</u>.] <def>To mix; to meddle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mellifluous</u>.]
<def>Honey.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mill.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mel</i>,
<i>mellis</i>, honey.  Cf. <u>Mellitate</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
mellitate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mel"lay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
m&ecirc;l&eacute;e; a conflict.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Mellitic</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mel*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mellifer</i>; <i>mel</i>, <i>mellis</i>, honey + <i>ferre</i> to
bear.] <def>Producing honey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel*lif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mel</i>,
<i>mellis</i>, honey + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-
fy</u>.] <def>Producing honey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`li*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mellificare</i> to make honey: cf. F. <i>mellification</i>. See
<u>Mellific</u>.] <def>The making or production of honey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel*lif"lu*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flow of
sweetness, or a sweet, smooth flow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel*lif"lu*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mellifluens</i>. See <u>Mellifluous</u>.] <def>Flowing as with
honey; smooth; mellifluous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel*lif"lu*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
mellifluent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel*lif"lu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mellifluus</i>; <i>mel</i>, <i>mellis</i>, honey (akin to Gr. &?;,
Goth. <i>milip</i>) + <i>fluere</i> to flow. See <u>Mildew</u>,
<u>Fluent</u>, and cf. <u>Marmalade</u>.] <def>Flowing as with honey;
smooth; flowing sweetly or smoothly; as, a <i>mellifluous</i>
voice.</def> -- <wf>Mel*lif"lu*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mel*lig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mel</i>,
<i>mellis + -genous</i>.] <def>Having the qualities of honey.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mel*li"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Honeydew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel*lil"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mel</i>,
<i>mellis</i> honey + <i>loquens</i> speaking, p. pr. of <i>loqui</i>
to speak.] <def>Speaking sweetly or harmoniously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel*liph"a*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Meliphagan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel*liph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Meliphagous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"li*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mellitate</i>. See <u>Mellitic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of
mellitic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mel</i>,
<i>mellis</i>, honey: cf. F. <i>mellite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral of a honey color, found in brown coal, and partly the result
of vegetable decomposition; honeystone. It is a mellitate of
alumina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mellitique</i>. See <u>Mellite</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Containing saccharine matter; marked by
saccharine secretions; as, <i>mellitic</i> diabetes.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from, the mineral
mellite.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mellitic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white,
crystalline, organic substance,
C<sub>6</sub>(CO<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>6</sub>, occurring naturally in
combination with aluminium in the mineral mellite, and produced
artificially by the oxidation of coal, graphite, etc., and hence
called also <i>graphitic acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mel"lone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
yellow powder, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>N<sub>9</sub>, obtained from
certain sulphocyanates. It has acid properties and forms compounds
called <i>mellonides</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"lon*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mellone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Mellower</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Mellowest</u>.] [OE. <i>melwe</i>; cf.
AS. <i>mearu</i> soft, D. <i>murw</i>, Prov. G. <i>mollig</i> soft,
D. <i>malsch</i>, and E. <i>meal</i> flour.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Soft or tender by reason of ripeness;
having a tender pulp; as, a <i>mellow</i> apple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Easily worked
or penetrated; not hard or rigid; as, a <i>mellow</i> soil.</def>
"<i>Mellow</i> glebe." <i>Drayton</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not
coarse, rough, or harsh; subdued; soft; rich; delicate; -- said of
sound, color, flavor, style, etc.</def> "The <i>mellow</i> horn."
<i>Wordsworth.</i> "The <i>mellow</i>-tasted Burgundy."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tender flush whose <i>mellow</i> stain imbues<BR>
Heaven with all freaks of light.</blockquote> <i>Percival.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Well matured; softened by years; genial;
jovial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>May health return to <i>mellow</i> age.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As merry and <i>mellow</i> an old bachelor as ever
followed a hound.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Warmed by liquor; slightly
intoxicated.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mellowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mellowing</u>.] <def>To make mellow.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If the Weather prove frosty to <i>mellow</i> it [the
ground], they do not plow it again till April.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fervor of early feeling is tempered and
<i>mellowed</i> by the ripeness of age.</blockquote> <i>J. C.
Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become mellow;
as, ripe fruit soon <i>mellows</i>.</def> "Prosperity begins to
<i>mellow</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mel"low*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a mellow
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"low*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being mellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"low*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Soft;
unctuous.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mel*lu"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A climbing plant (<i>Ullucus officinalis</i>) of the Andes,
having tuberous roots which are used as a substitute for
potatoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mill.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mel`o*co*ton"</hw>, <hw>Mel`o*co*toon"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>melocoton</i> a kind of peach tree and
its fruit, L. <i>malum cotonium</i>, or <i>cotonea</i>, or
<i>Cydonia</i>, a quince, or quince tree, lit., apple of
<i>Cydonia</i>, Gr. &?; &?;. See <u>Quince</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A quince.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
kind of peach having one side deep red, and the flesh yellow.</def>
[Written also <i>malacatoon</i>, <i>malacotune</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Me*lo"de*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
musical. See <u>Melody</u>, and cf. <u>Odeon</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kind of small reed organ;
-- a portable form of the seraphine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A music hall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lod"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>melodicus</i>,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;lodique</i>.] <def>Of the nature of
melody; relating to, containing, or made up of, melody;
melodious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lod"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The department
of musical science which treats of the pitch of tones, and of the
laws of melody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lo"di*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Melody</i>
+ <i>-graph</i>.] <def>A contrivance for preserving a record of
music, by recording the action of the keys of a musical instrument
when played upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lo"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;lodieux</i>. See <u>Melody</u>.] <def>Containing, or
producing, melody; musical; agreeable to the ear by a sweet
succession of sounds; as, a <i>melodious</i> voice.</def> "A
<i>melodious</i> voice." "A <i>melodious</i> undertone."
<i>Longfellow.</i> -- <wf>Me*lo"di*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Me*lo"di*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mel"o*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;lodiste</i>.] <def>A composer or singer of
melodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"o*dize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Melodized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Melodizing</u> (?).] <def>To make melodious; to form
into, or set to, melody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"o*dize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make melody;
to compose melodies; to harmonize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`o*dra"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;lodrame</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>me`los</grk> song +
<grk>dra^ma</grk> drama.] <def>Formerly, a kind of drama having a
musical accompaniment to intensify the effect of certain scenes. Now,
a drama abounding in romantic sentiment and agonizing situations,
with a musical accompaniment only in parts which are especially
thrilling or pathetic. In opera, a passage in which the orchestra
plays a somewhat descriptive accompaniment, while the actor speaks;
as, the <i>melodrama</i> in the gravedigging scene of Beethoven's
"Fidelio".</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`o*dra*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;lodramatique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to melodrama;
like or suitable to a melodrama; unnatural in situation or
action.</def> -- <wf>Mel`o*dra*mat"ic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mel`o*dram"a*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
acts in, or writes, melodramas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"o*drame</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Melodrama.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Melodies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>melodie</i>, F.
<i>m&eacute;lodie</i>, L. <i>melodia</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a singing,
choral song, fr. &?; musical, melodious; <grk>me`los</grk> song, tune
+ &?; song. See <u>Ode</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sweet or agreeable succession of
sounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lulled with sound of sweetest
<i>melody</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A rhythmical succession of
single tones, ranging for the most part within a given key, and so
related together as to form a musical whole, having the unity of what
is technically called a musical thought, at once pleasing to the ear
and characteristic in expression.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Melody</i> consists in a succession of single tones;
<i>harmony</i> is a consonance or agreement of tones, also a
succession of consonant musical combinations or chords.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The air or tune of a musical
piece.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Harmony</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Mel"o*e</hw> (?), [ NL., fr. Gr. &?; to probe a wound.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of beetles without wings, but having
short oval elytra; the oil beetles. These beetles are sometimes used
instead of cantharides for raising blisters. See <i>Oil beetle</i>,
under <u>Oil</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 911 !></p>

<p><hw>Mel"o*graph</hw> (m&ebreve;l"&osl;*gr&adot;f),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>me`los</grk> a song + <i>-graph</i> :
cf. F. <i>m&eacute;lographe</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Melodiograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`o*lon*thid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
the cockchafer.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A beetle of the genus
<i>Melolontha</i>, and allied genera. See <i>May beetle</i>, under
<u>May</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"on</hw> (m&ebreve;l"&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. L. <i>melo</i>, for <i>melopepo</i> an apple-shaped melon, Gr.
&?; ; <grk>mh^lon</grk> apple + &?; a species of large melon; cf. L.
<i>malum</i> apple.  Cf. <u>Marmalade</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The juicy fruit of certain
cucurbitaceous plants, as the muskmelon, watermelon, and citron
melon; also, the plant that produces the fruit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, ornamental,
marine, univalve shell of the genus <i>Melo</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Melon beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
leaf beetle (<i>Diabrotiea vittata</i>), which damages the leaves of
melon vines.</cd> -- <col><b>Melon cactus</b></col>, <col><b>Melon
thistle</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A genus of
cactaceous plants (<i>Melocactus</i>) having a fleshy and usually
globose stem with the surface divided into spiny longitudinal ridges,
and bearing at the top a prickly and woolly crown in which the small
pink flowers are half concealed</cd>. <i>M. communis</i>, from the
West Indies, is often cultivated, and sometimes called <i>Turk's
cap</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The related genus <i>Mamillaria</i>,
in which the stem is tubercled rather than ribbed, and the flowers
sometimes large. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Cactus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mel`o*pi*a"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`los</grk> song + E. <i>piano</i>.] <def>A piano having a
mechanical attachment which enables the player to prolong the notes
at will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`o*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to meloplasty, or the artificial formation of a new
cheek.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"o*plas`ty</hw> (m&ebreve;l"&osl;*pl&abreve;s`t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>mh^lon</grk> an apple, a cheek + <i>-
plasty</i>: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;loplastie</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>The process of restoring a cheek which has been destroyed wholly
or in part.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mel`o*p&oelig;"ia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;; <grk>me`los</grk> song + <grk>poiei^n</grk> to make.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The art of forming melody; melody; -- now often
used for a melodic passage, rather than a complete melody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>A picture produced by a process in which development after
exposure may be deferred indefinitely, so as to permit transportation
of exposed plates; also, the process itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel*pom"e*ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
lit., the songstress, fr. &?;, &?;, to sing.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The Muse of
tragedy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The eighteenth
asteroid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"rose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Honey of
roses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Melt</hw> (m&ebreve;lt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See 2d <u>Milt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Melt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Melted</u> (obs.) <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Molten</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Melting</u>.]
[AS. <i>meltan</i>; akin to Gr. <grk>me`ldein</grk>, E. <i>malt</i>,
and prob. to E. <i>smelt</i>, v. &radic;108.  Cf. <u>Smelt</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Malt</u>, <u>Milt</u> the spleen.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce from a solid to a liquid state, as
by heat; to liquefy; as, to <i>melt</i> wax, tallow, or lead; to
<i>melt</i> ice or snow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To soften, as by a warming or
kindly influence; to relax; to render gentle or susceptible to mild
influences; sometimes, in a bad sense, to take away the firmness of;
to weaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou would'st have . . . <i>melted</i> down thy
youth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For pity <i>melts</i> the mind to love.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To liquefy; fuse; thaw; mollify; soften.</p>

<p><hw>Melt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be changed from a solid to a liquid state under the influence of
heat; as, butter and wax <i>melt</i> at moderate
temperatures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dissolve; as, sugar <i>melts</i> in the
mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To be softened; to become tender,
mild, or gentle; also, to be weakened or subdued, as by
fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul <i>melteth</i> for heaviness.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. cxix. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Melting</i> with tenderness and kind
compassion.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To lose distinct form or outline; to
blend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soft, green, rounded hills, with their flowing
outlines, overlapping and <i>melting</i> into each
other.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To disappear by being dispersed or
dissipated; as, the fog <i>melts</i> away.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Melt"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being melted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Melt"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, melts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Melt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Liquefaction; the act
of causing (something) to melt, or the process of becoming
melted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Melting point</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the degree of
temperature at which a solid substance melts or fuses; as, the
<i>melting point</i> of ice is 0&deg; Centigrade or 32&deg; Fahr.,
that of urea is 132&deg; Centigrade.</cd> -- <col><b>Melting
pot</b></col>, <cd>a vessel in which anything is melted; a
crucible.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Melt"ing</hw> <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing to melt;
becoming melted; -- used literally or figuratively; as, a
<i>melting</i> heat; a <i>melting</i> appeal; a <i>melting</i>
mood.</def> -- <wf>Melt"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mel"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A kind of stout woolen cloth with unfinished face and without
raised nap. A commoner variety has a cotton warp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Remember</u>.] <def>To remember; to cause to remember; to
mention.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mem"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>membre</i>, F.
<i>membre</i>, fr. L. <i>membrum</i>; cf. Goth. <i>mimz</i> flesh,
Skr. <i>mamsa</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A part of an animal capable
of performing a distinct office; an organ; a limb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have many <i>members</i> in one body, and all
<i>members</i> have not the same office.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xii.
4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a part of a whole; an independent
constituent of a body</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A part of a
discourse or of a period or sentence; a clause; a part of a
verse.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Either of the
two parts of an algebraic equation, connected by the sign of
equality.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>Any
essential part, as a post, tie rod, strut, etc., of a framed
structure, as a bridge truss.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Any part of a building, whether constructional,
as a pier, column, lintel, or the like, or decorative, as a molding,
or group of moldings.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>One of the
persons composing a society, community, or the like; an individual
forming part of an association; as, a <i>member</i> of the society of
Friends.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Compression member</b></col>, <col><b>Tension
member</b></col> <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>a member, as a rod, brace,
etc., which is subjected to compression or tension,
respectively.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mem"bered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having limbs; -- chiefly used in composition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having legs of a different
tincture from that of the body; -- said of a bird in heraldic
representations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem"ber*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being a member.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of members, as of a
society.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem"bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Relating to a member.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem`bra*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>membranaceus</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Membranous</u>.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Thin and rather soft or
pliable, as the leaves of the rose, peach tree, and aspen
poplar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem"brane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>membrana</i> the skin that covers the separate members of the
body, fr. L. <i>membrum</i>. See <u>Member</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A thin layer or fold of tissue, usually supported by a fibrous
network, serving to cover or line some part or organ, and often
secreting or absorbing certain fluids.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is also often applied to the thin, expanded parts,
of various texture, both in animals and vegetables.</p>

<p><col><b>Adventitious membrane</b></col>, <cd>a membrane connecting
parts not usually connected, or of a different texture from the
ordinary connection; as, the membrane of a cicatrix.</cd> --
<col><b>Jacob's membrane</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Retina</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Mucous membranes</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
membranes lining passages and cavities which communicate with the
exterior, as well as ducts and receptacles of secretion, and
habitually secreting mucus.</cd> -- <col><b>Schneiderian
membrane</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <u>Schneiderian</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Serous membranes</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>, the
membranes, like the peritoneum and pleura, which line, or lie in,
cavities having no obvious outlet, and secrete a serous
fluid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mem*bra"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>membraneus</i> of parchment.] <def>See
<u>Membranous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem`bra*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Membrane</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Having or producing
membranes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem*bra"ni*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Membrane</i> + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>membraniforme</i>.]
<def>Having the form of a membrane or of parchment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem`bra*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Membrane</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats of
membranes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem"bra*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>membraneux</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, consisting of, or
resembling, membrane; as, a <i>membranous</i> covering or
lining.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Membranaceous.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Membranous croup</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>true croup.
See <u>Croup</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*men"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mementos</b></plw> (#). [L., remember, be mindful, imper. of
<i>meminisse</i> to remember. See <u>Mention</u>.] <def>A hint,
suggestion, token, or memorial, to awaken memory; that which reminds
or recalls to memory; a souvenir.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seasonable <i>mementos</i> may be useful.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Me*min"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small deerlet, or chevrotain, of India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem"non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr. &?;,
lit., the Steadfast, Resolute, the son of Tithonus and Aurora, and
king of the Ethiopians, killed by Achilles.] <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A
celebrated Egyptian statue near Thebes, said to have the property of
emitting a harplike sound at sunrise.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mem"oir</hw> (?), or <i>pl.</i> <hw>Mem"oirs</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>m&eacute;moire</i>, m., memorandum, fr.
<i>m&eacute;moire</i>, f., memory, L. <i>memoria</i>. See
<u>Memory</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A memorial account; a history
composed from personal experience and memory; an account of
transactions or events (usually written in familiar style) as they
are remembered by the writer. See <u>History</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A memorial of any individual; a biography;
often, a biography written without special regard to method and
completeness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An account of something deemed noteworthy;
an essay; a record of investigations of any subject; the journals and
proceedings of a society.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem"oir*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
memoirs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mem`o*ra*bil"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>memorabilis</i> memorable. See <u>Memorable</u>.] <def>Things
remarkable and worthy of remembrance or record; also, the record of
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem`o*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being memorable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem"o*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>memorabilis</i>, fr. <i>memorare</i> to bring to remembrance, fr.
<i>memor</i> mindful, remembering. See <u>Memory</u>, and cf.
<u>Memorabilia</u>.] <def>Worthy to be remembered; very important or
remarkable.</def> -- <wf>Mem"o*ra*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Mem"o*ra*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Surviving fame to gain,<BR>
Buy tombs, by books, by <i>memorable</i> deeds.</blockquote> <i>Sir
J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mem`o*ran"dum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Memorandums</b></plw>, L. <plw><b>Memoranda</b></plw> (#).
[L., something to be remembered, neut. of <i>memorandus</i>, fut.
pass. p. of <i>memorare</i>. See <u>Memorable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A record of something which it is desired
to remember; a note to help the memory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . entered a <i>memorandum</i> in my
pocketbook.</blockquote> <i>Guardian.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I wish you would, as opportunity offers, make
<i>memorandums</i> of the regulations of the academies.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A brief or informal note in
writing of some transaction, or an outline of an intended instrument;
an instrument drawn up in a brief and compendious form.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Memorandum check</b></col>, <cd>a check given as an
acknowledgment of indebtedness, but with the understanding that it
will not be presented at bank unless the maker fails to take it up on
the day the debt becomes due. It usually has <i>Mem.</i> written on
its face.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mem"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>memoratus</i>, p. p. of <i>memorare</i>. See <u>Memorable</u>.]
<def>To commemorate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mem"o*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;moratif</i>.] <def>Commemorative.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Me*mo"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Memory.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Memoria technica</b></col>, <cd>technical memory; a
contrivance for aiding the memory.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*mo"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;morial</i>, L. <i>memorialis</i>, fr. <i>memoria</i>. See
<u>Memory</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving to preserve remembrance;
commemorative; as, a <i>memorial</i> building.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There high in air, <i>memorial</i> of my name,<BR>
Fix the smooth oar, and bid me live to fame.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contained in memory; as, a <i>memorial</i>
possession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mnemonic; assisting the memory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This succession of Aspirate, Soft, and Hard, may be
expressed by the <i>memorial</i> word ASH.</blockquote>
<i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Memorial Day</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Decoration
Day</u>.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Me*mo"ri*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;morial</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything intended to preserve the memory
of a person or event; something which serves to keep something else
in remembrance; a monument.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Churches have names; some as <i>memorials</i> of
peace, some of wisdom, some in memory of the Trinity
itself.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A memorandum; a record.</def> [Obs. or R.]
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A written representation of facts,
addressed to the government, or to some branch of it, or to a
society, etc., -- often accompanied with a petition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Memory; remembrance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Precious is the <i>memorial</i> of the
just.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Diplomacy)</i> <def>A species of informal
state paper, much used in negotiation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*mo"ri*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;morialiste</i>.] <def>One who writes or signs a
memorial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*mo"ri*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Memorialized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Memorializing</u> (?).] <def>To address or
petition by a memorial; to present a memorial to; as, to
<i>memorialize</i> the legislature.</def>  <i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*mo"ri*al*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
petitions by a memorial.</def>  <i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mem"o*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Memorize</u>.] <def>One who, or that which, causes to be
remembered.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Me*mor"i*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>memor</i> mindful. See <u>Memorable</u>.] <def>By, or from,
memory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem"o*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Memorized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Memorizing</u> (?).] [See <u>Memory</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be remembered ; hence, to
record.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They neglect to <i>memorize</i> their
conquest.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They meant to . . . <i>memorize</i> another
Golgotha.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To commit to memory; to learn by
heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mem"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Memories</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>memorie</i>, OF.
<i>memoire</i>, <i>memorie</i>, F. <i>m&eacute;moire</i>, L.
<i>memoria</i>, fr. <i>memor</i> mindful; cf. <i>mora</i> delay.  Cf.
<u>Demur</u>, <u>Martyr</u>, <u>Memoir</u>, <u>Remember</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The faculty of the mind by which it
retains the knowledge of previous thoughts, impressions, or
events.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Memory</i> is the purveyor of reason.</blockquote>
<i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The reach and positiveness with which a
person can remember; the strength and trustworthiness of one's power
to reach and represent or to recall the past; as, his <i>memory</i>
was never wrong.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The actual and distinct retention and
recognition of past ideas in the mind; remembrance; as, in
<i>memory</i> of youth; <i>memories</i> of foreign lands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The time within which past events can be
or are remembered; as, within the <i>memory</i> of man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And what, before thy <i>memory</i>, was done<BR>
From the begining.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Something, or an aggregate of things,
remembered; hence, character, conduct, etc., as preserved in
remembrance, history, or tradition; posthumous fame; as, the war
became only a <i>memory</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>memory</i> of the just is blessed.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. x. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That ever-living man of <i>memory</i>, Henry the
Fifth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Nonconformists . . . have, as a body, always
venerated her [Elizabeth's] <i>memory</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A memorial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These weeds are <i>memories</i> of those worser
hours.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Memory</u>, <u>Remembrance</u>,
<u>Recollection</u>, <u>Reminiscence</u>.  <i>Memory</i> is the
generic term, denoting the power by which we reproduce past
impressions. <i>Remembrance</i> is an exercise of that power when
things occur <i>spontaneously</i> to our thoughts. In
<i>recollection</i> we make a distinct effort to <i>collect
again</i>, or call back, what we know has been formerly in the mind.
<i>Reminiscence</i> is intermediate between <i>remembrance</i> and
<i>recollection</i>, being a conscious process of recalling past
occurrences, but without that full and varied reference to particular
things which characterizes <i>recollection</i>. "When an idea again
recurs without the operation of the like object on the external
sensory, it is <i>remembrance</i>; if it be sought after by the mind,
and with pain and endeavor found, and brought again into view, it is
<i>recollection</i>."  <i>Locke.</i>
</p>

<p><col><b>To draw to memory</b></col>, <cd>to put on record; to
record. </cd> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mem"phi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the ancient city of Memphis in Egypt; hence, Egyptian;
as, <i>Memphian</i> darkness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos>
of <u>Man</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men</hw>, <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [OE. <i>me</i>, <i>men</i>.
"Not the plural of <i>man</i>, but a weakened form of the word
<i>man</i> itself." <i>Skeat</i>.] <def>A man; one; -- used with a
verb in the singular, and corresponding to the present indefinite
<i>one</i> or <i>they</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Men</i> moot give silver to the poure
friars.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A privy thief, <i>men</i> clepeth death.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*nac"can*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Menaccan</i>, in Cornwall, where it was first found.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>An iron-black or steel-gray mineral, consisting
chiefly of the oxides of iron and titanium. It is commonly massive,
but occurs also in rhombohedral crystals. Called also <i>titanic iron
ore</i>, and <i>ilmenite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"ace</hw> (m&ebreve;n"&asl;s; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., fr. L. <i>minaciae</i> threats, menaces, fr. <i>minax</i>, <i>-
acis</i>, projecting, threatening, <i>minae</i> projecting points or
pinnacles, threats.  Cf. <u>Amenable</u>, <u>Demean</u>,
<u>Imminent</u>, <u>Minatory</u>.] <def>The show of an intention to
inflict evil; a threat or threatening; indication of a probable evil
or catastrophe to come.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His (the pope's) commands, his rebukes, his
<i>menaces</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The dark <i>menace</i> of the distant
war.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 912 !></p>

<p><hw>Men"ace</hw> (m&ebreve;n"&asl;s; 48), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Menaced</u> (&amacr;st);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Menacing</u> (?).] [OF.
<i>menacier</i>, F. <i>menacer</i>. See <u>Menace</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To express or show an
intention to inflict, or to hold out a prospect of inflicting, evil
or injury upon; to threaten; -- usually followed by <i>with</i>
before the harm threatened; as, to <i>menace</i> a country with
war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My master . . . did <i>menace</i> me with
death.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To threaten, as an evil to be
inflicted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By oath he <i>menaced</i><BR>
Revenge upon the cardinal.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men"ace</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act in
threatening manner; to wear a threatening aspect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who ever knew the heavens <i>menace</i>
so?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men"a*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
menaces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"a*cing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
threatening manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||M&eacute;`nage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Manage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||M&eacute;`nage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Menagerie</u>.] <def>A collection of animals; a menagerie.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men*ag"er*ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;nagerie</i>, fr. <i>m&eacute;nager</i> to keep house,
<i>m&eacute;nage</i> household. See <u>Menial</u>, <u>Mansion</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piace where animals are kept and
trained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of wild or exotic animals,
kept for exhibition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"a*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;nagogue</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>mh`n</grk> month + &?;
leading.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Emmenagogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*na"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Menaia</b></plw> (-y&aring;). [NL., from Gr. &?; monthly.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A work of twelve volumes, each containing the
offices in the Greek Church for a month; also, each volume of the
same.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Men"ald</hw> (?), <hw>Men"ild</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with spots; speckled;
variegated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mending</u>.] [Abbrev. fr. <i>amend</i>. See <u>Amend</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To repair, as anything that is torn,
broken, defaced, decayed, or the like; to restore from partial decay,
injury, or defacement; to patch up; to put in shape or order again;
to re-create; as, to <i>mend</i> a garment or a machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To alter for the better; to set right; to
reform; hence, to quicken; as, to <i>mend</i> one's manners or
pace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best service they could do the state was to
<i>mend</i> the lives of the persons who composed it.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To help, to advance, to further; to add
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though in some lands the grass is but short, yet it
<i>mends</i> garden herbs and fruit.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>mend</i> the jewel by the wearing
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To improve; help; better; emend; amend; correct;
rectify; reform.</p>

<p><hw>Mend</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow better; to
advance to a better state; to become improved.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mend"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being mended.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men*da"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mendax</i>,
<i>-acis</i>, lying, cf. <i>mentiri</i> to lie.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Given to deception or falsehood; lying; as, a <i>mendacious</i>
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>False; counterfeit; containing falsehood;
as, a <i>mendacious</i> statement.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Men*da"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Men*da"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Men*dac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mendacities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>mendacitas</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being mendacious; a
habit of lying.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A falsehood; a lie.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lying; deceit; untruth; falsehood.</p>

<p><hw>Mend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who mends or
repairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"di*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mendinant</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Men"di*can*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition of being mendicant; beggary; begging.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men"di*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mendicans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>mendicare</i> to beg,
fr. <i>mendicus</i> beggar, indigent.] <def>Practicing beggary;
begging; living on alms; as, <i>mendicant</i> friars.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mendicant orders</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>certain
monastic orders which are forbidden to acquire landed property and
are required to be supported by alms, esp. the Franciscans, the
Dominicans, the Carmelites, and the Augustinians.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Men"di*cant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A beggar; esp.,
one who makes a business of begging; specifically, a begging
friar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.& i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mendicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>mendicare</i> to beg.] <def>To
beg.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
practice of begging; beggary; mendicancy.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men*dic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mendicitas</i>: cf. F. <i>mendicit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Mendicant</u>.] <def>The practice of begging; the life of a
beggar; mendicancy.</def>  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men"di*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mendicant or
begging friar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mend"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Amendment.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Men"dole</hw> (m&ebreve;n"d&omacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>mendol</i>, <i>mendole</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
cackerel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"dre*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Medregal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mends</hw> (m&ebreve;ndz), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Amends</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Menge</hw> (m&ebreve;nj), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Mente</u>, <u>Meinte</u>; <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ment</u>, <u>Meint</u>.] [See <u>Mingle</u>.] <def>To
mix.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men*ha"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An American marine fish of the Herring family (<i>Brevoortia
tyrannus</i>), chiefly valuable for its oil and as a component of
fertilizers; -- called also <i>mossbunker</i>, <i>bony fish</i>,
<i>chebog</i>, <i>pogy</i>, <i>hardhead</i>, <i>whitefish</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"hir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. Armor. <i>men</i>
stone + <i>hir</i> high.] <def>A large stone set upright in olden
times as a memorial or monument. Many, of unknown date, are found in
Brittany and throughout Northern Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"ial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>meneal</i>, fr.
<i>meine</i>, <i>maine</i>, household, OF. <i>maisni&eacute;e</i>,
<i>maisnie</i>, LL. <i>mansionaticum</i>. See <u>Mansion</u>, and cf.
<u>Meine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Meiny</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to a retinue or train of
servants; performing servile office; serving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two <i>menial</i> dogs before their master
pressed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to servants, esp. domestic
servants; servile; low; mean.</def> " <i>Menial</i> offices."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men"ial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
domestic servant or retainer, esp. one of humble rank; one employed
in low or servile offices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person of a servile character or
disposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>M&eacute;`ni&egrave;re's" dis*ease"</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A disease characterized by deafness and vertigo, resulting in
inco&ouml;rdination of movement. It is supposed to depend upon a
morbid condition of the semicircular canals of the internal ear.
Named after <i>M&eacute;ni&egrave;re</i>, a French
physician.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"i*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;nilite</i>; -- so called because it is found at
<i>M&eacute;nil</i>montant, near Paris.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Opal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*nin"ge*al</hw> (m&esl;*n&ibreve;n"j&esl;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
meninges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*nin"ges</hw> (-j&emacr;z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Meninx</b></singw> (&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>mh^nigx</grk>,
<grk>-iggos</grk>, a membrane.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The three
membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord; the pia mater, dura
mater, and arachnoid membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men`in*gi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Meninges</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation
of the membranes of the brain or spinal cord.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cerebro-spinal meningitis</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cerebro-spinal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*nis"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or having the form of, a meniscus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*nis"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meniscus</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <def>Concavo-convex, like a meniscus.</def></p>

<p><hw>me*nis"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>menisci</b></plw> (-s&imacr;), E.
<plw><b>Meniscuses</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr.
<grk>mhni`skos</grk>, dim. of <grk>mh`nh</grk> the moon.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crescent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A lens convex on one side
and concave on the other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An interarticular synovial
cartilage or membrane; esp., one of the intervertebral synovial disks
in some parts of the vertebral column of birds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Converging meniscus</b></col>, <col><b>Diverging
meniscus</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Lens</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Men`i*sper*ma"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mh`nh</grk> the moon + <grk>spe`rma</grk> seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to a natural order (<i>Menispermace&aelig;</i>) of
climbing plants of which moonseed (<i>Menispermum</i>) is the
type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men`i*sper"mic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, moonseed (<i>Menispermum</i>),
or other plants of the same family, as the <i>Anamirta
Cocculus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men`i*sper"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;nispermine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid distinct
from picrotoxin and obtained from the cocculus indicus (the fruit of
<i>Anamirta Cocculus</i>, formerly <i>Menispermum Cocculus</i>) as a
white, crystalline, tasteless powder; -- called also
<i>menispermina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"i*ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>menuver</i>,
<i>menuveir</i>, <i>menuvair</i>, a grayish fur; <i>menu</i> small +
<i>vair</i> a kind of fur. See <u>Minute</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
and <u>Vair</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Miniver</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Men"non*ist</hw> (?), <hw>Men"non*ite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a small
denomination of Christians, so called from <i>Menno</i> Simons of
Friesland, their founder. They believe that the New Testament is the
only rule of faith, that there is no original sin, that infants
should not be baptized, and that Christians ought not to take oath,
hold office, or render military service.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Men"o*branch</hw> (?), <hw>||Men`o*bran"chus</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>menobranchus</i>, fr. Gr. &?; to remain
+ &?; a gill.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large aquatic American
salamander of the genus <i>Necturus</i>, having permanent external
gills.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Men`o*lo"gi*um</hw> (?), <hw>Me*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Menologia</b></plw> (#),
E. <plw><b>Menologies</b></plw> (#). [NL. <i>menologium</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>mh`n</grk> month + <grk>lo`gos</grk> discourse : cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;nologe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A register of
months.</def>  <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Church)</i> <def>A brief calendar of
the lives of the saints for each day in the year, or a simple
remembrance of those whose lives are not written.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"o*pause</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mh`n</grk> month + &?; to cause to cease. See <u>Menses</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The period of natural cessation of menstruation.
See <i>Change of life</i>, under <u>Change</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Men`o*po"ma</hw> (?), <hw>Men"o*pome</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>menopoma</i>, fr. Gr. &?; to remain +
&?; lid.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hellbender.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Men`or*rha"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>mh`n</grk> month + &?; to break.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Profuse menstruation.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any profuse bleeding from the uterus;
Metrorrhagia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*nos"ta*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>mh`n</grk> month + <grk>'istan`nai</grk> to stop.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Stoppage of the menses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men`os*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Menostasis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"ow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A minnow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"-pleas`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
motive is to please men or the world, rather than God.</def>  <i>Eph.
vi. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mensalis</i>,
fr. <i>mensa</i> table.] <def>Belonging to the table; transacted at
table; as, <i>mensal</i> conversation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mensis</i>
month.] <def>Occurring once in a month; monthly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mense</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>menske</i>, AS.
<i>mennisc</i> human, man. See <u>Man</u>.] <def>Manliness; dignity;
comeliness; civility.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.] --
<wf>Mense"ful</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Mense"less</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mense</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To grace.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||Men"ses</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>mensis</i>
month, pl. <i>menses</i> months, and the monthly courses of women.
Cf. <u>Month</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The catamenial or menstrual
discharge, a periodic flow of blood or bloody fluid from the uterus
or female generative organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"stru*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>menstrualis</i>: cf. F. <i>menstruel</i>. See <u>Menstruous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Recurring once a month; monthly; gone through
in a month; as, the <i>menstrual</i> revolution of the moon;
pertaining to monthly changes; as, the <i>menstrual</i> equation of
the sun's place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the menses; as,
<i>menstrual</i> discharges; the <i>menstrual</i> period.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a menstruum.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men"stru*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>menstruans</i>, p. pr. of <i>menstruare</i> to have a monthly
term, fr. <i>menstruus</i>. See <u>Menstruous</u>.] <def>Subject to
monthly flowing or menses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"stru*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Menstruous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Men"stru*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Menstruated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Menstruating</u> (?).] <def>To discharge the menses;
to have the catamenial flow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men`stru*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
discharge of the menses; also, the state or the period of
menstruating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"strue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>menstrues</i>. See <u>Menstruous</u>.] <def>The menstrual flux;
menses.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Men"stru*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>menstruus</i>, fr. <i>mensis</i> month.  Cf. <u>Menstruum</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the monthly flow or discharge;
menstruating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the monthly flow;
catamenial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"stru*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Menstruums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Menstrua</b></plw> (#).
[L. <i>menstruus</i>. See <u>Menstruous</u>.] <def>Any substance
which dissolves a solid body; a solvent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The proper <i>menstruum</i> to dissolve
metal.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All liquors are called <i>menstruums</i> which are
used as dissolvents, or to extract the virtues of ingredients by
infusion or decoction.</blockquote> <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The use is supposed to have originated in some notion of
the old chemists about the influence of the moon in the preparation
of dissolvents.  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men`su*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mensurabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
mensurable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"su*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mensurabilis</i>, fr. <i>mensurare</i> to measure, fr.
<i>mensura</i> measure: cf. F. <i>mensurable</i>. See
<u>Measurable</u>, <u>Measure</u>.] <def>Capable of being measured;
measurable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"su*ra*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being mensurable; measurableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"su*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mensuralis</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"su*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mensuratus</i>, p. p. of <i>mensurare</i>. See <u>Measure</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To measure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Men`su*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mensuratio</i> : cf. F. <i>mensuration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act, process, or art, of measuring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That branch of applied geometry which
gives rules for finding the length of lines, the areas of surfaces,
or the volumes of solids, from certain simple data of lines and
angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ment</hw> (?), [F. <i>-ment</i>, L. <i>-mentum</i>.] <def>A
suffix denoting <i>that which does</i> a thing; <i>an act</i> or
<i>process</i>; <i>the result of an act</i> or <i>process</i>;
<i>state</i> or <i>condition</i>; as, ali<i>ment</i>, that which
nourishes, orna<i>ment</i>, incre<i>ment</i>; frag<i>ment</i>, piece
broken, seg<i>ment</i>; abridg<i>ment</i>, act of abridging,
imprison<i>ment</i>, move<i>ment</i>, adjourn<i>ment</i>;
amaze<i>ment</i>, state of being amazed,
astonish<i>ment</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ment</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Menge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Men"ta*gra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>mentum</i> chin + Gr. &?; a catching.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Sycosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mentum</i> the
chin.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the chin; genian; as,
the <i>mental</i> nerve; the <i>mental</i> region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
plate or scale covering the mentum or chin of a fish or
reptile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"tal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>mentalis</i>, fr. <i>mens</i>, <i>mentis</i>, the mind; akin to E.
<i>mind</i>. See <u>Mind</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the mind;
intellectual; as, <i>mental</i> faculties; <i>mental</i> operations,
conditions, or exercise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What a <i>mental</i> power<BR>
This eye shoots forth!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mental alienation</b></col>, <cd>insanity.</cd> --
<col><b>Mental arithmetic</b></col>, <cd>the art or practice of
solving arithmetical problems by mental processes, unassisted by
written figures.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Men*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or
state of mind.</def> "The same hard <i>mentality</i>."
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men"tal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the mind;
in thought or meditation; intellectually; in idea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Men"tha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Mint</u>
the plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A widely distributed genus of fragrant
herbs, including the peppermint, spearmint, etc. The plants have
small flowers, usually arranged in dense axillary clusters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"thene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Menth</i>ol +
terp<i>ene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless liquid hydrocarbon
resembling oil of turpentine, obtained by dehydrating menthol. It has
an agreeable odor and a cooling taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"thol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mentha</i> + <i>-
ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline, aromatic substance
resembling camphor, extracted from oil of peppermint (<i>Mentha</i>);
-- called also <i>mint camphor</i> or <i>peppermint
camphor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"thyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mentha</i> + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound radical forming the base of
menthol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men`ti*cul"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to mental culture; serving to improve or strengthen the
mind.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Men"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mencioun</i>,
F. <i>mention</i>, L. <i>mentio</i>, from the root of
<i>meminisse</i> to remember. See <u>Mind</u>.] <def>A speaking or
notice of anything, -- usually in a brief or cursory manner. Used
especially in the phrase <i>to make mention of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will make <i>mention</i> of thy
righteousness.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxi. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And sleep in dull, cold marble, where no
<i>mention</i><BR>
Of me more must be heard of.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 913 !></p>

<p><hw>Men"tion</hw> (m&ebreve;n"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mentioned</u> (-
sh&ubreve;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Mentioning</u>.]
[Cf. F. <i>mentionner</i>.] <def>To make mention of; to speak briefly
of; to name.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>mention</i> the loving-kindnesses of the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Is. lxiii. 7.</i></p>

<p><hw>Men"tion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit to be
mentioned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men`to*meck*e"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [1st
<i>ment</i>al + <i>Meckelian</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the chin and lower jaw.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The bone or cartilage forming the anterior extremity of the
lower jaw in some adult animals and the young of others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Mentor</i>,
the counselor of Telemachus, Gr. <grk>Me`ntwr</grk>, prop.,
counselor.  Cf. <u>Monitor</u>.] <def>A wise and faithful counselor
or monitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Mentor</u>.] <def>Containing advice or admonition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Men"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., chin.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The front median plate of the labium in
insects. See <u>Labium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*nu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., slender, thin,
minute. See 4th <u>Minute</u>.] <def>The details of a banquet; a bill
of fare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"nuse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Amenuse</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Me*ow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See 6th and
7th <u>Mew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meph`is*to*phe"li*an</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, the devil Mephistopheles, "a
crafty, scoffing, relentless fiend;" devilish; crafty.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Me*phit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Me*phit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mephiticus</i>, fr. <i>mephitis</i>
mephitis: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;phitique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tending to destroy life; poisonous; noxious; as, <i>mephitic</i>
exhalations; <i>mephitic</i> regions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Offensive to the smell; as,
<i>mephitic</i> odors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mephitic air</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>carbon dioxide;
-- so called because of its deadly suffocating power. See <i>Carbonic
acid</i>, under <u>Carbonic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Me*phi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mephitis</i> : cf. F. <i>m&eacute;phitis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Noxious, pestilential, or foul exhalations from decomposing
substances, filth, or other source.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of mammals,
including the skunks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meph"i*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mephitis</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*ra"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>meracus</i>,
fr. <i>merus</i> pure, inmixed.] <def>Being without mixture or
adulteration; hence, strong; racy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer"ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mercabilis</i>, fr. <i>mercari</i> to trade, traffic, buy. See
<u>Merchant</u>.] <def>Capable of being bought or sold.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer"can*tile</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mercantile</i>, It. <i>mercantile</i>, fr. L. <i>mercans</i>, <i>-
antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>mercari</i> to traffic. See <u>Merchant</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to merchants, or the business of merchants;
having to do with trade, or the buying and selling of commodities;
commercial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The expedition of the Argonauts was partly
<i>mercantile</i>, partly military.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mercantile agency</b></col>, <cd>an agency for procuring
information of the standing and credit of merchants in different
parts of the country, for the use of dealers who sell to them.</cd> -
- <col><b>Mercantile marine</b></col>, <cd>the persons and vessels
employed in commerce, taken collectively.</cd> -- <col><b>Mercantile
paper</b></col>, <cd>the notes or acceptances given by merchants for
goods bought, or received on consignment; drafts on merchants for
goods sold or consigned.</cd>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Mercantile</u>, <u>Commercial</u>.
<i>Commercial</i> is the wider term, being sometimes used to embrace
<i>mercantile</i>. In their stricter use, <i>commercial</i> relates
to the shipping, freighting, forwarding, and other business connected
with the <i>commerce</i> of a country (whether external or internal),
that is, the exchange of commodities; while <i>mercantile</i> applies
to the sale of merchandise and goods when brought to market. As the
two employments are to some extent intermingled, the two words are
often interchanged.</p>

<p><hw>Mer*cap"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mercapt</i>an +
<i>al</i>dehyde.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of
compounds of mercaptans with aldehydes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer*cap"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. NL.
<i>mercurius</i> mercury + L. <i>captans</i>, p. pr. of
<i>captare</i> to seize, v. intens. fr. <i>capere</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of series of compounds, hydrosulphides of
alcohol radicals, in composition resembling the alcohols, but
containing sulphur in place of oxygen, and hence called also the
<i>sulphur alcohols</i>. In general, they are colorless liquids
having a strong, repulsive, garlic odor. The name is specifically
applied to ethyl mercaptan, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>SH. So called
from its avidity for <i>mercury</i>, and other metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer*cap"tide</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound of mercaptan formed by replacing its
sulphur hydrogen by a metal; as, potassium <i>mercaptide</i>,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>SK.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"cat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mercatus</i> :
cf. It. <i>mercato</i>. See <u>Market</u>.] <def>Market; trade.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Sprat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer`ca*tan"te</hw> (?; It. ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Merchant</u>.] <def>A foreign trader.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer*ca"tor's chart"</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Chart</u>, and
see <i>Mercator's projection</i>, under <u>Projection</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ca*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mercatura</i> commerce.] <def>Commerce; traffic; trade.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Merce</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Amerce</u>.]
<def>To subject to fine or amercement; to mulct; to amerce.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mer`ce*na"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Mercenary</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The quahog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer`ce*na"ri*an</hw> (-<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mercenary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer"ce*na`ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
mercenary manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ce*na*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being mercenary; venality.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ce*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>mercenarie</i>, F. <i>mercenaire</i>, fr. L. <i>mercenarius</i>,
fr. <i>merces</i> wages, reward. See <u>Mercy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Acting for reward; serving for pay; paid;
hired; hireling; venal; as, <i>mercenary</i> soldiers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Moved by considerations of pay or
profit; greedy of gain; sordid; selfish.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For God forbid I should my papers blot<BR>
With <i>mercenary</i> lines, with servile pen.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Venal</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mer"ce*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mercenaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who is hired; a
hireling; especially, a soldier hired into foreign service.</def>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mercier</i>, fr.
L. <i>merx</i>, <i>mercis</i>, wares, merchandise. See
<u>Merchant</u>.] <def>Originally, a dealer in any kind of goods or
wares; now restricted to a dealer in textile fabrics, as silks or
woolens.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer"cer*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of a
mercer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"cer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mercerie</i>.]
<def>The trade of mercers; the goods in which a mercer
deals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"chand</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>marchander</i>. See <u>Merchant</u>.] <def>To traffic.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"chan*di`sa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as
can be used or transferred as merchandise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"chan*dise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>marchandise</i>, OF. <i>marcheandise</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The objects of commerce; whatever is usually bought or sold in
trade, or market, or by merchants; wares; goods; commodities.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or business of trading; trade;
traffic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"chan*dise</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Merchandised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Merchandising</u> (?).] <def>To trade; to carry on
commerce.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"chan*dise</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
merchandise of; to buy and sell.</def> "Love is <i>merchandised</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"chan*di`ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
trader.</def>  <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"chand*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Merchant</u>.] <def>Trade; commerce.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"chant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>marchant</i>,
OF. <i>marcheant</i>, F. <i>marchand</i>, fr. LL. <i>mercatans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>mercatare</i> to negotiate, L.
<i>mercari</i> to traffic, fr. <i>merx</i>, <i>mercis</i>, wares. See
<u>Market</u>, <u>Merit</u>, and cf. <u>Commerce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who traffics on a large scale, especially
with foreign countries; a trafficker; a trader.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others, like <i>merchants</i>, venture trade
abroad.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trading vessel; a merchantman.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps a store or shop for the sale
of goods; a shopkeeper.</def> [U. S. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer"chant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or employed in, trade or merchandise; as, the <i>merchant</i>
service.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Merchant bar</b></col>, <col><b>Merchant iron</b></col> or
<col><b>steel</b></col>, <cd>certain common sizes of wrought iron and
steel bars.</cd> -- <col><b>Merchant service</b></col>, <cd>the
mercantile marine of a country.</cd> <i>Am. Cyc.</i> --
<col><b>Merchant ship</b></col>, <cd>a ship employed in
commerce.</cd> -- <col><b>Merchant tailor</b></col>, <cd>a tailor who
keeps and sells materials for the garments which he makes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mer"chant</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be a merchant;
to trade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer"chant*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit for
market; such as is usually sold in market, or such as will bring the
ordinary price; as, <i>merchantable</i> wheat; sometimes, a technical
designation for a particular kind or class.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"chant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Merchantlike;
suitable to the character or business of a merchant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"chant*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Merchantmen</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A merchant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Matt. xiii.
45.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trading vessel; a ship employed in the
transportation of goods, as, distinguished from a man-of-
war.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"chant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The body of merchants taken collectively; as, the
<i>merchantry</i> of a country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The business of a merchant;
merchandise.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ci*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.]
<def>Merciful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer"ci*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mercy</i> + <i>-
ful</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of mercy; having or exercising
mercy; disposed to pity and spare offenders; unwilling to
punish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord, the Lord God, <i>merciful</i> and
gracious.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxiv. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be <i>merciful</i>, great duke, to men of
mold.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unwilling to give pain;
compassionate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>merciful</i> man will be <i>merciful</i> to his
beast.</blockquote> <i>Old Proverb.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Compassionate; tender; humane; gracious; kind;
mild; clement; benignant.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Mer"ci*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mer"ci*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ci*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
pity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ci*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
mercy; cruel; unsparing; -- said of animate beings, and also,
figuratively, of things; as, a <i>merciless</i> tyrant;
<i>merciless</i> waves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The foe is <i>merciless</i>, and will not
pity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cruel; unmerciful; remorseless; ruthless; pitiless;
barbarous; savage.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Mer"ci*less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mer"ci*less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mer`cur*am*mo"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Mercur</i>ic + <i>ammonium</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A radical
regarded as derived from ammonium by the substitution of mercury for
a portion of the hydrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer*cu"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mercurialis</i>, fr. <i>Mercurius</i> Mercury: cf. F.
<i>mercuriel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the qualities
fabled to belong to the god Mercury; swift; active; sprightly;
fickle; volatile; changeable; as, a <i>mercurial</i> youth; a
<i>mercurial</i> temperament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>mercurial</i> man<BR>
Who fluttered over all things like a fan.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the form or image of Mercury; --
applied to ancient guideposts.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chillingworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Mercury as the god of
trade; hence, money-making; crafty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mercurial</i> wand of commerce.</blockquote>
<i>J. Q. Adams.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to, or containing,
mercury; as, <i>mercurial</i> preparations, barometer. See
<u>Mercury</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Caused by the use of
mercury; as, <i>mercurial</i> sore mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer*cu"ri*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person having mercurial qualities.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A preparation containing
mercury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer*cu"ri*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One under the influence of Mercury; one resembling Mercury in
character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A physician who uses much
mercury, in any of its forms, in his practice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer*cu"ri*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mercurialized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Mercurializing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>To affect with mercury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Photography)</i> <def>To treat with
mercury; to expose to the vapor of mercury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer*cu"ri*al*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
sprightly, fantastic, or capricious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer*cu"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
mercurial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer*cu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, mercury; containing mercury;
-- said of those compounds of mercury into which this element enters
in its lowest proportion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mercuric chloride</b></col>, <cd>corrosive sublimate. See
<u>Corrosive</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mer*cu`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mercurification</i>. See <u>Mercurify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The process or operation of obtaining the
mercury, in its fluid form, from mercuric minerals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of
compounding, or the state of being compounded, with mercury.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer*cu"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mercurified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mercurifying</u> (?).] [<i>Mercury</i> + <i>-fy</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To obtain mercury from, as mercuric minerals,
which may be done by any application of intense heat that expels the
mercury in fumes, which are afterward condensed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To combine or mingle mercury with; to
impregnate with mercury; to mercurialize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer"cu*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
communication of news; an announcement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer*cu"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, mercury; containing mercury;
-- said of those compounds of mercury in which it is present in its
highest proportion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mercurous chloride</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Calomel</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mer"cu*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Mercurius</i>;
akin to <i>merx</i> wares.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Myth.)</i>
<def>A Latin god of commerce and gain; -- treated by the poets as
identical with the Greek Hermes, messenger of the gods, conductor of
souls to the lower world, and god of eloquence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A metallic element mostly
obtained by reduction from cinnabar, one of its ores.  It is a heavy,
opaque, glistening liquid (commonly called <i>quicksilver</i>), and
is used in barometers, thermometers, etc.  Specific gravity 13.6.
Symbol Hg (<i>Hydrargyrum</i>).  Atomic weight 199.8.  Mercury has a
molecule which consists of only one atom.  It was named by the
alchemists after the god Mercury, and designated by his symbol,
&mercury;.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Mercury forms alloys, called <i>amalgams</i>, with many
metals, and is thus used in applying tin foil to the backs of
mirrors, and in extracting gold and silver from their ores. It is
poisonous, and is used in medicine in the free state as in blue pill,
and in its compounds as calomel, corrosive sublimate, etc. It is the
only metal which is liquid at ordinary temperatures, and it
solidifies at about -39&deg; Centigrade to a soft, malleable, ductile
metal.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the planets of the
solar system, being the one nearest the sun, from which its mean
distance is about 36,000,000 miles. Its period is 88 days, and its
diameter 3,000 miles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A carrier of tidings; a newsboy; a
messenger; hence, also, a newspaper.</def> <i>Sir J. Stephen.</i>
"The monthly <i>Mercuries</i>." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Sprightly or mercurial quality; spirit;
mutability; fickleness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was so full of <i>mercury</i> that he could not fix
long in any friendship, or to any design.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant (<i>Mercurialis
annua</i>), of the Spurge family, the leaves of which are sometimes
used for spinach, in Europe.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied, in the United States, to certain
climbing plants, some of which are poisonous to the skin, esp. to the
<i>Rhus Toxicodendron</i>, or poison ivy.</p>

<p><col><b>Dog's mercury</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd><i>Mercurialis
perennis</i>, a perennial plant differing from <i>M. annua</i> by
having the leaves sessile.</cd> -- <col><b>English mercury</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of goosefoot formerly used as a pot herb; -
- called <i>Good King Henry</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horn
mercury</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a mineral chloride of mercury,
having a semitranslucent, hornlike appearance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mer"cu*ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wash with a
preparation of mercury.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mercies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>merci</i>, F. <i>merci</i>, L.
<i>merces</i>, <i>mercedis</i>, hire, pay, reward, LL., equiv. to
<i>misericordia</i> pity, mercy. L. <i>merces</i> is prob. akin to
<i>merere</i> to deserve, acquire. See <u>Merit</u>, and cf.
<u>Amerce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Forbearance to inflict harm
under circumstances of provocation, when one has the power to inflict
it; compassionate treatment of an offender or adversary;
clemency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Examples of justice must be made for terror to some;
examples of <i>mercy</i> for comfort to others.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Compassionate treatment of the unfortunate
and helpless; sometimes, favor, beneficence.</def>  <i>Luke x.
37.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Disposition to exercise compassion or
favor; pity; compassion; willingness to spare or to help.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In whom <i>mercy</i> lacketh and is not
founden.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A blessing regarded as a manifestation of
compassion or favor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Father of <i>mercies</i> and the God of all
comfort.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. i. 3.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mercy seat</b></col> <i>(Bib.)</i>, <cd>the golden cover
or lid of the Ark of the Covenant. See <u>Ark</u>, 2.</cd> --
<col><b>Sisters of Mercy</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>,<cd>a religious
order founded in Dublin in the year 1827. Communities of the same
name have since been established in various American cities. The
duties of those belonging to the order are, to attend lying-in
hospitals, to superintend the education of girls, and protect decent
women out of employment, to visit prisoners and the sick, and to
attend persons condemned to death.</cd> -- <col><b>To be at the mercy
of</b></col>, <cd>to be wholly in the power of.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Grace</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Merd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>merde</i>, L.
<i>merda</i>.] <def>Ordure; dung.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>-mere</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; part.] <def>A combining form meaning
<i>part</i>, <i>portion</i>; as, blasto<i>mere</i>,
epi<i>mere</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mere</hw> (m&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>mar</i>.] [OE. <i>mere</i>, AS. <i>mere</i> mere, sea; akin to D.
<i>meer</i> lake, OS. <i>meri</i> sea, OHG. <i>meri</i>, <i>mari</i>,
G. <i>meer</i>, Icel. <i>marr</i>, Goth. <i>marei</i>, Russ.
<i>more</i>, W. <i>mor</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>muir</i>, L. <i>mare</i>,
and perh. to L. <i>mori</i> to die, and meaning originally, that
which is dead, a waste.  Cf. <u>Mortal</u>, <u>Marine</u>,
<u>Marsh</u>, <u>Mermaid</u>, <u>Moor</u>.] <def>A pool or
lake.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>meer</i> and
<i>mear</i>.] [AS. <i>gem&aemacr;re</i>. &radic;269.] <def>A
boundary.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><! p. 914 !></p>

<p><hw>Mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To divide, limit,
or bound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which <i>meared</i> her rule with Africa.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mare.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Superl.</i></pos>
<u>Merest</u>. The comparative is rarely or never used.] [L.
<i>merus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unmixed; pure; entire;
absolute; unqualified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then entered they the <i>mere</i>, main
sea.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sorrows of this world would be <i>mere</i> and
unmixed.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Only this, and nothing else; such, and no
more; simple; bare; as, a <i>mere</i> boy; a <i>mere</i>
form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>mere</i> success nothing can be concluded in
favor of any nation.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mere"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Purely; unmixedly; absolutely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ulysses was to force forth his access,<BR>
Though <i>merely</i> naked.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not otherwise than; simply; barely;
only.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prize not your life for other ends<BR>
Than <i>merely</i> to oblige your friends.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Solely; simply; purely; barely; scarcely.</p>

<p><hw>||Me*ren"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a part + <i>-enchyma</i>, as in <i>parenchyma</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Tissue composed of spheroidal cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meres"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An officer who
ascertains meres or boundaries.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mere"stead</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mere</i>
boundary + <i>stead</i> place.] <def>The land within the boundaries
of a farm; a farmstead or farm.</def> [Archaic.]
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mere"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone
designating a limit or boundary; a landmark.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer`e*tri"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>meretricius</i>, from <i>meretrix</i>, <i>-icis</i>, a prostitute,
lit., one who earns money, <i>i. e.</i>, by prostitution, fr.
<i>merere</i> to earn, gain. See <u>Merit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to prostitutes; having to do with harlots;
lustful; as, <i>meretricious</i> traffic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling the arts of a harlot; alluring
by false show; gaudily and deceitfully ornamental; tawdry; as,
<i>meretricious</i> dress or ornaments.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Mer`e*tri"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mer`e*tri"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mer*gan"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>merg&aacute;nsar</i>, fr. <i>mergo</i> a diver (L. <i>mergus</i>,
fr. <i>mergere</i> to dip, dive) + <i>&aacute;nsar</i> goose, L.
<i>anser</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird of the genus
<i>Merganser</i>, and allied genera. They are allied to the ducks,
but have a sharply serrated bill.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The red-breasted merganser (<i>Merganser serrator</i>)
inhabits both hemispheres. It is called also <i>sawbill</i>,
<i>harle</i>, and <i>sheldrake</i>. The American merganser (<i>M.
Americanus</i>.) and the hooded merganser (<i>Lophodytes
cucullatus</i>) are well-known species. -- <col><b>White
merganser</b></col>, <cd>the smew or white nun.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Merge</hw> (m&etilde;rj), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Merged</u> (m&etilde;rjd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Merging</u>
(m&etilde;r"j&ibreve;ng).] [L. <i>mergere</i>, <i>mersum</i>.  Cf.
<u>Emerge</u>, <u>Immerse</u>, <u>Marrow</u>.] <def>To cause to be
swallowed up; to immerse; to sink; to absorb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>merge</i> all natural . . . sentiment in
inordinate vanity.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whig and Tory were <i>merged</i> and swallowed up in
the transcendent duties of patriots.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Merge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be sunk, swallowed
up, or lost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Native irresolution had <i>merged</i> in stronger
motives.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, merges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An absorption of one estate,
or one contract, in another, or of a minor offense in a
greater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"i*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`ros</grk> a part + <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>One carpel of an umbelliferous fruit. See
<u>Cremocarp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ide</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a part.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A permanent colony of cells or plastids which may
remain isolated, like Rotifer, or may multiply by gemmation to form
higher aggregates, termed <i>zoides</i>.</def>  <i>Perrier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*rid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;ridien</i>, L. <i>meridianus</i> pertaining to noon, fr.
<i>meridies</i> noon, midday, for older <i>medidies</i>;
<i>medius</i> mid, middle + <i>dies</i> day. See <u>Mid</u>, and
<u>Diurnal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being at, or pertaining to,
midday; belonging to, or passing through, the highest point attained
by the sun in his diurnal course.</def> "<i>Meridian</i> hour."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tables . . . to find the altitude
<i>meridian</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the highest point or
culmination; as, <i>meridian</i> splendor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*rid"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;ridien</i>. See <u>Meridian</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Midday; noon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: The highest point, as of success,
prosperity, or the like; culmination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have touched the highest point of all my
greatness,<BR>
And from that full <i>meridian</i> of my glory<BR>
I haste now to my setting.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A great circle of the
sphere passing through the poles of the heavens and the zenith of a
given place. It is crossed by the sun at midday.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A great circle on the
surface of the earth, passing through the poles and any given place;
also, the half of such a circle included between the poles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The planes of the geographical and astronomical meridians
coincide. Meridians, on a map or globe, are lines drawn at certain
intervals due north and south, or in the direction of the poles.</p>

<p><col><b>Calculated for</b></col>, or <col><b>fitted to</b></col>,
or <col><b>adapted to</b></col>, <col><b>the meridian of</b></col>,
<cd>suited to the local circumstances, capabilities, or special
requirements of.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>All other knowledge merely serves the concerns of this
life, and is <i>fitted to the meridian</i>
there<i>of</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>First meridian</b></col>, <cd>the meridian from which
longitudes are reckoned. The meridian of Greenwich is the one
commonly employed in calculations of longitude by geographers, and in
actual practice, although in various countries other and different
meridians, chiefly those which pass through the capitals of the
countries, are occasionally used; as, in France, the meridian of
Paris; in the United States, the meridian of Washington, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Guide meridian</b></col> <i>(Public Land Survey)</i>, <cd>a
line, marked by monuments, running North and South through a section
of country between other more carefully established meridians called
<i>principal meridians</i>, used for reference in surveying.</cd>
[U.S.] -- <col><b>Magnetic meridian</b></col>, <cd>a great circle,
passing through the zenith and coinciding in direction with the
magnetic needle, or a line on the earth's surface having the same
direction.</cd> -- <col><b>Meridian circle</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>an instrument consisting of a telescope
attached to a large graduated circle and so mounted that the
telescope revolves like the transit instrument in a meridian plane.
By it the right ascension and the declination of a star may be
measured in a single observation.</cd> -- <col><b>Meridian
instrument</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>any astronomical
instrument having a telescope that rotates in a meridian plane.</cd>
-- <col><b>Meridian of a globe</b></col>, or <col><b>Brass
meridian</b></col>, <cd>a graduated circular ring of brass, in which
the artificial globe is suspended and revolves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*rid"i*o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;ridional</i>, L. <i>meridionalis</i>, fr. <i>meridies</i>
midday. See <u>Meridian</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
meridian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a southern aspect; southern;
southerly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Offices that require heat . . . should be
<i>meridional</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Meridional distance</b></col>, <cd>the distance or
departure from the meridian; the easting or westing.</cd> --
<col><b>Meridional parts</b></col>, <cd>parts of the meridian in
Mercator's projection, corresponding to each minute of latitude from
the equator up to 70 or 80 degrees; tabulated numbers representing
these parts used in projecting charts, and in solving cases in
Mercator's sailing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*rid`i*o*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being in the meridian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Position in the south; aspect toward the
south.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*rid"i*o*nal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
direction of the meridian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ils</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;relle</i>, <i>marelle</i>, <i>marelles</i>, LL.
<i>marella</i>, <i>marrella</i>.  Cf. <u>Morris</u> the game.] <def>A
boy's play, called also <i>fivepenny morris</i>. See
<u>Morris</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me`ringue"</hw> (F. m&etilde;`r&abreve;N"g'; E.
m&ebreve;*r&abreve;ng"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A delicate
pastry made of powdered sugar and the whites of eggs whipped up, --
with jam or cream added.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*ri"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>merino</i>
moving from pasture to pasture, fr. <i>merino</i> a royal judge and
superintendent or inspector of sheep walks, LL. <i>merinus</i>, fr.
<i>majorinus</i>, i. e., major vill&?;, fr. L. <i>major</i> greater.
See <u>Major</u>. Merino sheep are driven at certain seasons from one
part of Spain to another, in large flocks, for pasturage.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a variety of sheep with
very fine wool, originally bred in Spain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made of the wool of the merino
sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*ri"no</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Merinos</b></plw> (#). [Sp.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A breed of sheep originally from Spain,
noted for the fineness of its wool.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fine fabric of merino wool.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer`is*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
division, fr. &?; part.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Dividing into cells or
segments; characterized by separation into two or more parts or
sections by the formation of internal partitions; as,
<i>merismatic</i> growth, where one cell divides into many.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"i*stem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; divisible.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tissue of growing cells, or cells capable of
further division.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;rite</i>, L. <i>meritum</i>, fr. <i>merere</i>,
<i>mereri</i>, to deserve, merit; prob. originally, to get a share;
akin to Gr. &?; part, &?; fate, doom, &?; to receive as one's
portion.  Cf. <u>Market</u>, <u>Merchant</u>, <u>Mercer</u>,
<u>Mercy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
deserving well or ill; desert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here may men see how sin hath his
<i>merit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be it known, that we, the greatest, are misthought<BR>
For things that others do; and when we fall,<BR>
We answer other's <i>merits</i> in our name.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Esp. in a good sense: The quality or state
of deserving well; worth; excellence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reputation is . . . oft got without <i>merit</i>, and
lost without deserving.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To him the wit of Greece and Rome was known,<BR>
And every author's <i>merit</i>, but his own.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Reward deserved; any mark or token of
excellence or approbation; as, his teacher gave him ten
<i>merits</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those laurel groves, the <i>merits</i> of thy
youth.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Merited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Meriting</u>.] [F. <i>m&eacute;riter</i>, L. <i>meritare</i>, v.
intens. fr. <i>merere</i>. See <u>Merit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To earn by service or performance; to have a
right to claim as reward; to deserve; sometimes, to deserve in a bad
sense; as, to <i>merit</i> punishment.</def> "This kindness
<i>merits</i> thanks."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reward.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To acquire desert;
to gain value; to receive benefit; to profit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau.
& Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"it*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deserving of
reward.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer"it*ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By merit;
deservedly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mer"i*thal</hw> (?), <hw>||Mer`i*thal"lus</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>merithallus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, <i>or</i>
&?;, a part + &?; a young shoot.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Internode</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"it*mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
depends on merit for salvation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer`i*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>meritorius</i> that brings in money.] <def>Possessing merit;
deserving of reward or honor; worthy of recompense;
valuable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>meritorious</i> shall that hand be called,<BR>
Canonized, and worshiped as a saint.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Mer`i*to"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mer`i*to"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mer"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Meritorious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer"i*tot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A play of
children, in swinging on ropes, or the like, till they are
dizzy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Merk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Marc</u>.] <def>An
old Scotch silver coin; a mark or marc.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Merk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mark; a sign.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Merke</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Murky.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Originally, a wig;
afterwards, a mop for cleaning cannon.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Merl</hw> (?), <hw>Merle</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>merle</i>, L. <i>merula</i>, <i>merulus</i>.  Cf. <u>Ousel</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European blackbird. See
<u>Blackbird</u>.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>merlion</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;merillon</i> ; cf. OHG. <i>smirl</i>, G. <i>schmerl</i> ;
prob. fr. L. <i>merula</i> blackbird.  Cf. <u>Merle</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small European falcon (<i>Falco
lithofalco</i>, or <i>F. &aelig;salon</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European whiting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., perh. fr. L.
<i>moerus</i>, for <i>murus</i> a wall, through (assumed) dim.
<i>moerulus</i>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>One of the solid parts of a
battlemented parapet; a battlement. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Battlement</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"luce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>merluche</i>,
<i>merlus</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European hake; -- called
also <i>herring hake</i> and <i>sea pike</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"maid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mere</i> lake,
sea. See <u>Mere</u> lake, and <u>maid</u>.] <def>A fabled marine
creature, typically represented as having the upper part like that of
a woman, and the lower like a fish; a sea nymph, sea woman, or woman
fish.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Chaucer uses this word as equivalent to the <i>siren</i> of
the ancients.</p>

<p><col><b>Mermaid fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>the angel
fish (<i>Squatina</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Mermaid's glove</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a British branched sponge somewhat
resembling a glove.</cd> -- <col><b>Mermaid's head</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European spatangoid sea urchin
(<i>Echinocardium cordatum</i>) having some resemblance to a
skull.</cd> -- <col><b>Mermaid weed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
aquatic herb with dentate or pectinate leaves (<i>Proserpinaca
palustris</i> and <i>P. pectinacea</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mer"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mermen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The male corresponding to
<i>mermaid</i>; a sea man, or man fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"o*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; part +
<i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An ovum, as that of a mammal,
only partially composed of germinal matter, that is, consisting of
both a germinal portion and an albuminous or nutritive one; --
opposed to <i>holoblast</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer`o*blas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Consisting only in part of germinal matter; characterized by
partial segmentation only; as, <i>meroblastic</i> ova, in which a
portion of the yolk only undergoes fission; <i>meroblastic</i>
segmentation; -- opposed to <i>holoblastic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"ro*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thigh + &?;
tumor.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hernia in the thigh; femoral hernia
.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer`o*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; part +
&?; an egg.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Applied to the ovaries of
insects when they secrete vitelligenous cells, as well as
ova.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*rop"i*dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>merops</i>
a bee-eating bird, Gr. <grk>me`rops</grk>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a family of birds (<i>Meropid&aelig;</i>), including the
bee-eaters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*rop"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thigh +
<grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The fourth joint of a typical appendage of Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer*or`gan*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
part + E. <i>organization</i>.] <def>Organization in part.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Me"ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
part.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The plain surface between the channels of
a triglyph.</def> [Written also <i>merus</i>.]  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Me"ros</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the
thigh.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The proximal segment of the hind limb;
the thigh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"o*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; part + <i>-
some</i> body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the serial segments,
or metameres, of which the bodies of vertebrate and articulate
animals are composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mer`o*stom"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; thigh + &?;, -&?;, mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class
of Arthropoda, allied to the Crustacea. It includes the trilobites,
Eurypteroidea, and Limuloidea. All are extinct except the horseshoe
crabs of the last group. See <u>Limulus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||M&eacute;`rou"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Jack</u>, 8
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer`o*vin"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Merovaeus</i>, the Latin name of a king of the Franks.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the first Frankish dynasty in Gaul or France.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the kings of this dynasty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From
<u>Merry</u>.] <def>In a merry manner; with mirth; with gayety and
laughter; jovially. See <u>Mirth</u>, and <u>Merry</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Merrily</i> sing, and sport, and play.</blockquote>
<i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ri*make`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Merrymake</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ri*make`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Merrymake</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ri*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gayety, with
laughter; mirth; frolic.</def> "Follies and light <i>merriment</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Methought it was the sound<BR>
Of riot and ill-managed <i>merriment</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being merry; merriment; mirth; gayety, with
laughter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Merrier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Merriest</u>.] [OE. <i>merie</i>,
<i>mirie</i>, <i>murie</i>, merry, pleasant, AS. <i>merge</i>,
<i>myrige</i>, pleasant; cf. <i>murge</i>, adv.; prob. akin to OHG.
<i>murg</i>, short, Goth. <i>gama&uacute;rgjan</i> to shorten; cf. L.
<i>murcus</i> a coward, who cuts off his thumb to escape military
service; the Anglo-Saxon and English meanings coming from the idea of
making the time seem short.  Cf. <u>Mirth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Laughingly gay; overflowing with good humor and good spirits;
jovial; inclined to laughter or play ; sportive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They drank, and were <i>merry</i> with
him.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xliii. 34.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am never <i>merry</i> when I hear sweet
music.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 915 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cheerful; joyous; not sad;
happy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is any <i>merry</i>?  let him sing
psalms.</blockquote> <i>Jas. v. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Causing laughter, mirth, gladness, or
delight; as, a <i>merry</i> jest.</def> "<i>Merry</i> wind and
weather."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Merry dancers</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Dancer</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Merry men</b></col>, <cd>followers; retainers.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>merie men</i> commanded he<BR>
To make him bothe game and glee.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To make merry</b></col>, <cd>to be jovial; to indulge
in hilarity; to feast with mirth.</cd> <i>Judg. ix. 27.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cheerful; blithe; lively; sprightly; vivacious;
gleeful; joyous; mirthful; jocund; sportive; hilarious.</p>

<p><hw>Mer"ry</hw> (m&ebreve;r"r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of wild red cherry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ry-an"drew</hw> (-&abreve;n"dr&udd;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One whose business is to make sport for others; a buffoon; a
zany; especially, one who attends a mountebank or quack
doctor.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term is said to have originated from one Andrew Borde,
an English physician of the 16th century, who gained patients by
facetious speeches to the multitude.</p>

<p><hw>Mer"ry-go`-round"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any
revolving contrivance for affording amusement; esp., a ring of flying
hobbyhorses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ry*make`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mirth;
frolic; a meeting for mirth; a festival.</def> [Written also
<i>merrimake</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer"ry*make`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make merry;
to be jolly; to feast.</def> [Written also <i>merrimake</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mer"ry*mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes merriment or indulges in conviviality; a jovial
comrade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ry*mak`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making or
producing mirth; convivial; jolly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ry*mak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
making merry; conviviality; merriment; jollity.</def>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ry*meet`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A meeting
for mirth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"ry*thought`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The forked
bone of a fowl's breast; -- called also <i>wishbone</i>. See
<u>Furculum</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is a sportive custom for two persons to break this bone
by pulling the ends apart to see who will get the longer piece, the
securing of which is regarded as a lucky omen, signifying that the
person holding it will obtain the gratification of some secret
wish.</p>

<p><hw>Mer"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mersio</i>. See
<u>Merge</u>.] <def>Immersion.</def> [R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*ru"li*dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>merula</i>,
<i>merulus</i>, blackbird. See <u>Merle</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bird of the Thrush family.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>See <u>Meros</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer"vaille`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Marvel.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mes-</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Meso-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>&?;.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A high
tableland; a plateau on a hill.</def> [Southwestern U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mes*ac"o*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of mesaconic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`a*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mes-</i> +
<i>-aconic</i>, as in <i>citraconic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, one of several isomeric acids
obtained from citric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mesiad</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mesial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||M&eacute;`sal`li`ance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A marriage with a person of inferior social position; a
misalliance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"al*ly</hw> (m&ebreve;s"<i>a</i>l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Mesially</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`a*m&oelig;"boid</hw> (m&ebreve;s`&ador;*m&emacr;"boid),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mes-</i> + <i>am&oelig;boid</i>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of a class of independent, isolated cells
found in the mesoderm, while the germ layers are undergoing
differentiation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`a*ra"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mesa`raion</grk> mesentery; <grk>me`sos</grk> middle +
<grk>'araia`</grk> flank.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Mesenteric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`a*ti*ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<i>&?;</i> midmost + E. <i>cephalic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having
the ratio of the length to the breadth of the cranium a medium one;
neither brachycephalic nor dolichocephalic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`a*ti*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Mesaticephalic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes*cal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A
distilled liquor prepared in Mexico from a species of agave. See
<u>Agave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`dames"</hw> (F. ?, E. ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Madame</u> and
<u>Madam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*seems"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. impers.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Meseemed</u> (?).] <def>It seems to
me.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Me"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Measle</u>.]
<def>A leper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Me"sel*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Leprosy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Me*sem`bry*an"the*mum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>meshmbri`a</grk> midday + <grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of herbaceous or suffruticose plants,
chiefly natives of South Africa. The leaves are opposite, thick, and
f&?;eshy. The flowers usually open about midday, whence the
name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`en*ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the mesencephalon or
midbrain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`en*ceph"a*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Meso-</u> and <u>Encephalon</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The middle
segment of the brain; the midbrain. Sometimes abbreviated to
<i>mesen</i>. See <u>Brain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes*en"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle + <i>-enchyma</i>, as in E.
<i>parenchyma</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The part of the mesoblast
which gives rise to the connective tissues and blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`en*ter"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;sent&eacute;rique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
a mesentery; mesaraic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes*en"te*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Meso-</u>, and <u>Enteron</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>All that part
of the alimentary canal which is developed from the primitive enteron
and is lined with hypoblast. It is distinguished from the
<i>stomod&aelig;um</i>, a part at the anterior end of the canal,
including the cavity of the mouth, and the <i>proctod&aelig;um</i>, a
part at the posterior end, which are formed by invagination and are
lined with epiblast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"en*ter*y</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mesente`rion</grk>, <grk>me`sos</grk> + <grk>'e`nteron</grk>
intestine: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;sent&egrave;re</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The membranes, or one of
the membranes (consisting of a fold of the peritoneum and inclosed
tissues), which connect the intestines and their appendages with the
dorsal wall of the abdominal cavity. The mesentery proper is
connected with the jejunum and ilium, the other mesenteries being
called <i>mesoc&aelig;cum</i>, <i>mesocolon</i>, <i>mesorectum</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the vertical
muscular radiating partitions which divide the body cavity of
Anthozoa into chambers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`e*ra"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Mesaraic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes*eth"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mes-</i> +
<i>ethmoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the middle
of the ethmoid region or ethmoid bone.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The median vertical plate, or median element, of
the ethmoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mesh</hw> (m&ebreve;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>masc</i>, <i>max</i>, <i>m&aelig;scre</i>; akin to D. <i>maas</i>,
<i>masche</i>, OHG. <i>masca</i>, Icel. <i>m&ouml;skvi</i>; cf. Lith.
<i>mazgas</i> a knot, <i>megsti</i> to weave nets, to knot.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The opening or space inclosed by the threads
of a net between knot and knot, or the threads inclosing such a
space; network; a net.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A golden <i>mesh</i> to entrap the hearts of
men.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gearing)</i> <def>The engagement of the
teeth of wheels, or of a wheel and rack.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mesh stick</b></col>, <cd>a stick on which the mesh is
formed in netting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mesh</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Meshed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Meshing</u>.] <def>To catch in a mesh.</def>  <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mesh</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Gearing)</i> <def>To
engage with each other, as the teeth of wheels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meshed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mashed;
brewed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mesh"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed with meshes;
netted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"i*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle + L. <i>ad</i> to.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Toward, or on the side toward, the mesial plane; mesially; --
opposed to <i>laterad</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"sial</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Middle; median; in, or
in the region of, the mesial plane; internal; -- opposed to
<i>lateral</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mesial plane</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Meson</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me"sial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>In, near, or toward, the mesial plane; mesiad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"i*tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
hypothetical radical formerly supposed to exist in mesityl
oxide.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mesityl oxide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a volatile
liquid having the odor of peppermint, obtained by certain dehydrating
agents from acetone; -- formerly called also <i>dumasin</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*sit"y*le*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of mesitylenic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*sit"y*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A colorless, fragrant liquid,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, of the
benzene series of hydrocarbons, obtained by distilling acetone with
sulphuric acid.</def> -- <wf>Me*sit`y*len"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Me*sit"y*lol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mesityl</i>ene
+ <i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline substance obtained
from mesitylene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"lin</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Maslin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`mer*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
subjected to mesmeric influence; one who is mesmerized.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mes*mer"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mes*mer"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>mesm&eacute;rique</i>.] <def>Of,
pertaining to, or induced by, mesmerism; as, <i>mesmeric</i>
sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"mer*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Mesmer</i>, who first brought it into notice at Vienna, about
1775: cf. F. <i>mesm&eacute;risme</i>.] <def>The art of inducing an
extraordinary or abnormal state of the nervous system, in which the
actor claims to control the actions, and communicate directly with
the mind, of the recipient. See <i>Animal magnetism</i>, under
<u>Magnetism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"mer*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who practices,
or believes in, mesmerism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`mer*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of mesmerizing; the state of being mesmerized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"mer*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mesmerized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mesmerizing</u> (?).] <def>To bring into a state of
mesmeric sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"mer*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
mesmerizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mesne</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Mean</u>
intermediate.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Middle; intervening; as, a
<i>mesne</i> lord, that is, a lord who holds land of a superior, but
grants a part of it to another person, in which case he is a
<i>tenant</i> to the superior, but <i>lord</i> or superior to the
second grantee, and hence is called the <i>mesne</i> lord.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mesne process</b></col>, <cd>intermediate process; process
intervening between the beginning and end of a suit, sometimes
understood to be the whole process preceding the execution.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Mesne
profits</b></col>, profits of premises during the time the owner has
been wrongfully kept out of the possession of his estate.
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mes"o-</hw> (?), <hw>Mes-</hw> (?) }. [Gr. <grk>me`sos</grk>
in the middle.] <def>A combining form denoting <i>in the middle</i>,
<i>intermediate</i>;</def> specif. <i>(Chem.)</i>, <def>denoting <i>a
type of hydrocarbons</i> which are regarded as <i>methenyl
derivatives</i>. Also used adjectively.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*a"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle + <grk>'w,a`rion</grk>, dim. of
<grk>'w,o`n</grk> an egg.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The fold of peritoneum
which suspends the ovary from the dorsal wall of the body
cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"o*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> +
<i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
mesoderm.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cell nucleus;
mesoplast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*blas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Relating to the mesoblast; as, the <i>mesoblastic</i>
layer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*bran"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i>
+ <i>branchial</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
region of the carapace of a crab covering the middle branchial
region.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*bron"chi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mesobronchia</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Meso-</u>, and
<u>Bronchia</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The main bronchus of each
lung.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*c&aelig;"cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> [NL. See <u>Meso-</u>, and <u>C&aelig;cum</u>.]
<def>The fold of peritoneum attached to the c&aelig;cum.</def> --
<wf>Mes`o*c&aelig;"cal</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mes"o*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> + Gr.
<grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The middle layer of a
pericarp which consists of three distinct or dissimilar layers.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i>
+ <i>cephalic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to, or in the region of, the middle of the head; as, the
<i>mesocephalic</i> flexure.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having
the cranial cavity of medium capacity; neither megacephalic nor
microcephalic.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Having the ratio of the
length to the breadth of the cranium a medium one;
mesaticephalic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*ceph"a*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Meso-</u>, and <u>Cephalon</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The pons
Varolii.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Mesocephalic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mes`o*c&oelig;"le</hw> (?), <hw>||Mes`o*c&oelig;"li*a</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>mesocoelia</i>. See <u>Meso-</u>,
and <u>C&oelig;lia</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The cavity of the
mesencephalon; the iter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*co"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle + &?; the colon : cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;soc&ocirc;lon</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The fold of
peritoneum, or mesentery, attached to the colon.</def> --
<wf>Mes`o*col"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*cor"a*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i>
+ <i>coracoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A process from the middle of
the coracoid in some animals.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mes`o*cu*ne"i*form</hw> (?), <hw>Mes`o*cu"ni*form</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> + <i>cuneiform</i>,
<i>cuniform</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the bones of the tarsus.
See 2d <u>Cuneiform</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"o*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> + Gr.
<grk>de`rma</grk> skin.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
layer of the blastoderm, between the ectoderm and endoderm;
mesoblast. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Blastoderm</u> and
<u>Ectoderm</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The middle body layer
in some invertebrates.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The middle
layer of tissue in some vegetable structures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*der"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, the mesoderm; as,
<i>mesodermal</i> tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*der"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mesodermal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"o*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> + Gr.
<grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having teeth of moderate size.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*gas"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle + &?; belly.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The fold
of peritoneum connecting the stomach with the dorsal wall of the
abdominal cavity; the mesogastrium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> +
<i>gastric</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to the middle region of the abdomen, or of the
stomach.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the
mesogaster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
the middle gastric lobe of the carapace of a crab.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*gas"tri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Mesogaster</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
umbilical region.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
mesogaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*gl&oelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>me`sos</grk> middle + &?; a glutinous substance.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A thin gelatinous tissue separating the
ectoderm and endoderm in certain c&oelig;lenterates.</def> --
<wf>Mes`o*gl&oelig;"al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Me*sog"na*thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> +
Gr. <grk>gna`qos</grk> jaw.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the jaws
slightly projecting; between prognathous and orthognathous. See
<i>Gnathic index</i>, under <u>Gnathic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*he"par</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Meso-</u>, and <u>Hepar</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A fold of the
peritoneum connecting the liver with the dorsal wall of the abdominal
cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*hip"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle + &?; a horse.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An
extinct mammal of the Horse family, but not larger than a sheep, and
having three toes on each foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"o*labe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mesolabium</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>me`sos</grk> middle + &?; to take.]
<def>An instrument of the ancients for finding two mean proportionals
between two given lines, required in solving the problem of the
duplication of the cube.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mes"ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>me`sos</grk>
middle.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Thomsonite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"o*lite</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A zeolitic mineral, grayish white
or yellowish, occuring in delicate groups of crystals, also fibrous
massive. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina, lime, and
soda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*log"a*rithm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i>
+ <i>logarithm</i> : cf. F. <i>m&eacute;sologarithme</i>.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>A logarithm of the cosine or cotangent.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Kepler. Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*me"tri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Meso-</u>, and <u>Metrium</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The fold of
the peritoneum supporting the oviduct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*my*o"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird having a mesomyodous
larynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*my"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, a muscle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the
intrinsic muscles of the larynx attached to the middle of the
semirings.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`son</grk> middle, neut. of <grk>me`sos</grk>, a., middle.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The mesial plane dividing the body of an animal
into similar right and left halves. The line in which it meets the
dorsal surface has been called the <i>dorsimeson</i>, and the
corresponding ventral edge the <i>ventrimeson</i>.</def>  <i>B. G.
Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*na"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> +
<i>nasal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the middle
portion of the nasal region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*neph"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the mesonephros; as, the <i>mesonephric</i>,
or Wolffian, duct.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*neph"ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle + <grk>nefro`s</grk> kidney.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The middle one of the three pairs of embryonic renal organs
developed in most vertebrates; the Wolffian body.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*no"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle + <grk>nw^ton</grk> the back.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dorsal portion of the mesothorax of
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*phl&oelig;"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>me`sos</grk> middle + <grk>floio`s</grk> bark.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The middle bark of a tree; the green layer of
bark, usually soon covered by the outer or corky layer, and
obliterated.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*soph"ry*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>meso`fryon</grk>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Glabella</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*phyl"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle + <grk>fy`llon</grk> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The parenchyma of a leaf between the skin of the two
surfaces.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mes"o*plast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> +
<i>-plast</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The nucleus of a cell;
mesoblast.</def>  <i>Agassiz.</i></p>

<p><! p. 916 !></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*po"di*al</hw>
(m&ebreve;s`&osl;*p&omacr;"d&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the mesopodialia or to the
parts of the limbs to which they belong.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*po`di*a"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mesopodialia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>me`sos</grk>
middle + &?;, dim. of <grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the bones of either the carpus or
tarsus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Mesopodiale</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The middle portion of
the foot in the Gastropoda and Pteropoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*sop`te*ryg"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>me`sos</grk> middle + &?; a fin.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
middle one of the three principal basal cartilages in the fins of
fishes.</def> -- <wf>||Me*sop`ter*yg"i*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Me*sor"chi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle + &?; a testicle.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
fold of peritoneum which attaches the testis to the dorsal wall of
the body cavity or scrotal sac.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*rec"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> +
<i>rectum</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The fold of peritoneum, or
mesentery, attached to the rectum.</def> -- <wf>Mes`o*rec"tal</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mes"o*rhine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> + Gr.
&?;, &?;, the nose.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the nose of medium
width; between leptorhine and platyrhine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*sau"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mosasauria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*scap"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i>
+ <i>scapula</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A process from the middle of
the scapula in some animals; the spine of the scapula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*scap"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the mesoscapula.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*scu"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> +
<i>scutum</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The scutum or dorsal plate
of the middle thoracic segment of an insect. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Butterfly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"o*seme</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> + Gr.
&?; sign, mark; cf. F. <i>m&eacute;sos&egrave;me</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having a medium orbital index; having orbits neither broad nor
narrow; between megaseme and microseme.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*sid"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i>
+ <i>siderite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See the Note under
<u>Meteorite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"o*sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> + Gr.
&?; seed: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;sosperme</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
membrane of a seed. See <u>Secundine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"o*state</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> + Gr.
&?; to make to stand.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A product of metabolic
action.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Every <i>mesostate</i> is either an <i>anastate</i> or
<i>katastate</i>, according as it is formed by an anabolic or
katabolic process. See <u>Metabolism</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*ster"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the mesosternum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*ster"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i>
+ <i>sternum</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The middle portion, or
body, of the sternum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ventral piece of
the middle segment of the thorax in insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*tar*tar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i>
+ <i>tartaric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an acid called also <i>inactive tartaric
acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle + &?; box.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
middle layer of the gonophore in the Hydrozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*the"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle + E. epi<i>thelium</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Epithelial mesoderm; a layer of cuboidal epithelium cells,
formed from a portion of the mesoderm during the differetiation of
the germ layers. It constitutes the boundary of the
c&oelig;lum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*tho*rac"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
mesothorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*tho"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> +
<i>thorax</i>: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;sothorax</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The middle segment of the thorax in insects. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Coleoptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"o*tro`chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> +
Gr. &?; anything round, a hoop.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the
middle of the body surrounded by bands of cilia; -- said of the
larv&aelig; of certain marine annelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> + <i>-
type</i>: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;sotype</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An old
term covering natrolite or <i>soda mesolite</i>, scolecite or <i>lime
mesotype</i>, and mesolite or <i>lime-soda mesotype</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*va"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Meso-</u>, and <u>Ovary</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The fold of
peritoneum connecting the ovary with the wall of the abdominal
cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes*ox"a*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of mesoxalic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`ox*al"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mes-</i> +
<i>oxalic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an
acid, CH<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(CO<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>2</sub>,
obtained from amido malonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Mesozoic</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of very lowly
organized, wormlike parasites, including the Dicyemata. They are
found in cephalopods. See <u>Dicyemata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meso-</i> + Gr.
&?; life, fr. &?; to live.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Belonging, or
relating, to the secondary or reptilian age, or the era between the
Paleozoic and Cenozoic. See <i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`o*zo"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Mesozoic age
or formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes*prise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>mespris</i>,
F. <i>m&eacute;pris</i>. See <u>Misprize</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Contempt; scorn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perh. for F. <i>m&eacute;prise</i> mistake.
Cf. <u>Misprision</u>.] <def>Misadventure; ill-success.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mes*qui"te</hw> (m&ebreve;s*k&emacr;"t&asl;),
<hw>Mes*quit"</hw> (m&ebreve;s*k&emacr;t") }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Sp. <i>mezquite</i>; said to be a Mexican Indian word.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name for two trees of the southwestern part of
North America, the honey mesquite, and screw-pod mesquite.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Honey mesquite</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Algaroba</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw-pod mesquite</b></col>,
<cd>a smaller tree (<i>Prosopis pubescens</i>), having spiral pods
used as fodder and sometimes as food by the Indians.</cd> --
<col><b>Mesquite grass</b></col>, <cd>a rich native grass in Western
Texas (<i>Bouteloua oligostachya</i>, and other species); -- so
called from its growing in company with the mesquite tree; -- called
also <i>muskit grass</i>, <i>grama grass</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mass; church
service.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mes</i>, OF.
<i>mets</i>, LL. <i>missum</i>, p. p. of <i>mittere</i> to put, place
(<i>e. g.</i>, on the table), L. <i>mittere</i> to send. See
<u>Mission</u>, and cf. <u>Mass</u> religious service.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quantity of food set on a table at one
time; provision of food for a person or party for one meal; as, a
<i>mess</i> of pottage; also, the food given to a beast at one
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At their savory dinner set<BR>
Of herbs and other country <i>messes</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A number of persons who eat together, and
for whom food is prepared in common; especially, persons in the
military or naval service who eat at the same table; as, the wardroom
<i>mess</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A set of four; -- from the old practice of
dividing companies into sets of four at dinner.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The milk given by a cow at one
milking.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Perh. corrupt. fr. OE. <i>mesh</i> for
<i>mash</i>: cf. <i>muss</i>.] <def>A disagreeable mixture or
confusion of things; hence, a situation resulting from blundering or
from misunderstanding; as, he made a <i>mess</i> of it.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Mess</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Messed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Messing</u>.] <def>To take meals with a mess; to belong to a mess;
to eat (with others); as, I <i>mess</i> with the wardroom
officers.</def>  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mess</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply with a
mess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"sage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>missaticum</i>, fr. L. <i>mittere</i>, <i>missum</i>, to send. See
<u>Mission</u>, and cf. <u>Messenger</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any notice, word, or communication, written or verbal, sent from
one person to another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ehud said, I have a <i>message</i> from God unto
thee.</blockquote> <i>Judg. iii. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, specifically, an official
communication, not made in person, but delivered by a messenger; as,
the President's <i>message</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Message shell</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Shell</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mes"sage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bear as a
message.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mes"sage</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., fr. OF.
<i>message</i>, fr. LL. <i>missaticus</i>. See 1st <u>Message</u>.]
<def>A messenger.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mes"sa*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.] <def>A
messenger.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mes"sen*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>messager</i>, OF. <i>messagier</i>, F. <i>messager</i>. See
<u>Message</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who bears a message; the
bearer of a verbal or written communication, notice, or invitation,
from one person to another, or to a public body; specifically, an
office servant who bears messages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, foreshows, or
foretells.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yon gray lines<BR>
That fret the clouds are <i>messengers</i> of day.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A hawser passed round the
capstan, and having its two ends lashed together to form an endless
rope or chain; -- formerly used for heaving in the cable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person appointed to perform
certain ministerial duties under bankrupt and insolvent laws, such as
to take charge of the estate of the bankrupt or insolvent.</def>
<i>Bouvier. Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Carrier; intelligencer; courier; harbinger;
forerunner; precursor; herald.</p>

<p><col><b>Messenger bird</b></col>, <cd>the secretary bird, from its
swiftness.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mes"set</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dog.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mes*si"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A German epic
poem on the Messiah, by Klopstock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes*si"ah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>m&amacr;sh&imacr;akh</i> anointed, fr. <i>m&amacr;shakh</i> to
anoint.  Cf. <u>Messias</u>.] <def>The expected king and deliverer of
the Hebrews; the Savior; Christ.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And told them the <i>Messiah</i> now was
born.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mes*si"ah*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
office of the Messiah.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`si*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
relating to the Messiah; as, the <i>Messianic</i> office or
character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes*si"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. Gr. &?;.
See <u>Messiah</u>.] <def>The Messiah.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know that <i>Messias</i> cometh, which is called
Christ.</blockquote> <i>John iv. 25.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`si`dor"</hw> (F. ?; E. ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
L. <i>messis</i> harvest.] <def>The tenth month of the French
republican calendar dating from September 22, 1792. It began June 19,
and ended July 18. See <u>Vend&Eacute;miaire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"sieurs</hw> (?; F. ?; 277), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.;
pl. of <i>monsieur</i>.] <def>Sirs; gentlemen; -- abbreviated to
<i>Messrs</i>., which is used as the plural of <i>Mr</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes`si*nese"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Messina, or its inhabitans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mess"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An associate in
a mess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes"suage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>mesuage</i>, <i>masnage</i>, LL. <i>messuagium</i>,
<i>mansionaticum</i>, fr. L. <i>mansio</i>, <i>-onis</i>, a staying,
remaining, dwelling, fr. <i>manere</i>, <i>mansum</i>, to stay,
remain, E. <i>mansion</i>, <i>manse</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
dwelling house, with the adjacent buildings and curtilage, and the
adjoining lands appropriated to the use of the household.</def>
<i>Cowell. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They wedded her to sixty thousand pounds,<BR>
To lands in Kent, and <i>messuages</i> in York.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mest</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Most.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mes*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mestizo</u>.]
<def>The offspring of a white person and a quadroon; -- so called in
the West Indies.</def> [Written also <i>mustee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mes"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Mister</u>, a trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes*ti"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mestinos</b></plw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Mestizo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes*ti"zo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mestizos</b></plw> (#). [Sp. <i>mestizo</i>; akin to OF.
<i>mestis</i>, F. <i>m&eacute;tis</i>; all fr. (assumed) LL.
<i>mixtitius</i>, fr. L. <i>mixtus</i> mixed, p. p. of <i>miscere</i>
to mix. See <u>Mix</u>, and cf. <u>Mestee</u>, <u>M&Eacute;tif</u>,
<u>M&Eacute;tis</u>, <u>Mustee</u>.] <def>The offspring of an Indian
or a negro and a European or person of European stock.</def> [Spanish
America]</p>

<p><col><b>Mestizo wool</b></col>, <cd>wool imported from South
America, and produced by mixed breeds of sheep.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mest"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of brass.
See <u>Maslin</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Me*sym"ni*cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>me`sos</grk> middle + &?; a festive song. See <u>Hymn</u>.]
<i>(Anc. Poetry)</i> <def>A repetition at the end of a
stanza.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Meet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Mete</u>, to measure.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Mete</u>, to
dream.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Met"a-</hw> (?), <hw>Met-</hw> (?) }. [Gr. <grk>meta`</grk>
between, with, after; akin to AS. <i>mid</i> with, G. <i>mit</i>,
Goth. <i>mi&thorn;</i>, E. <i>mid</i>, in <i>midwife</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prefix meaning between, with, after,
behind, over, about, reversely; as, <i>meta</i>chronism, the error of
placing after the correct time; <i>meta</i>phor, lit., a carrying
over; <i>meta</i>thesis, a placing reversely.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> A prefix denoting:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Other; duplicate, corresponding to;
resembling; hence, <i>metameric</i>; as, <i>meta</i>-arabinic,
<i>met</i>aldehyde.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Organic Chem.)</i>
<def>That two replacing radicals, in the benzene nucleus, occupy the
<i>relative positions</i> of 1 and 3, 2 and 4, 3 and 5, 4 and 6, 5
and 1, or 6 and 2; as, <i>meta</i>cresol, etc.  See <u>Ortho-</u>,
and <u>Para-</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Inorganic Chem.)</i>
<def>Having <i>less than the highest number</i> of hydroxyl groups; -
- said of acids; as, <i>meta</i>phosphoric acid. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tab"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Metabases</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to pass
over; &?; beyond, over + &?; to go.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A transition from one subject to
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Metabola</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Me*tab"o*la</hw> (?), <hw>||Me*tab"o*le</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?; change; &?; beyond + &?; to
throw.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A change or mutation; a change of disease,
symptoms, or treatment.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Me*tab"o*la</hw> (?), <hw>||Met`a*bo"li*a</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See 1st <u>Metabola</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A comprehensive group of insects, including
those that undegro a metamorphosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*bo"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Metabola</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect which undergoes
a metamorphosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*bol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Metabola</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to metamorphosis; pertaining to, or involving,
change.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
metabolism; as, <i>metabolic</i> activity; <i>metabolic</i>
force.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Met`a*bol"i*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Metabolism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Me*tab"o*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The act or process, by which living tissues or cells take up and
convert into their own proper substance the nutritive material
brought to them by the blood, or by which they transform their cell
protoplasm into simpler substances, which are fitted either for
excretion or for some special purpose, as in the manufacture of the
digestive ferments. Hence, metabolism may be either constructive
(<i>anabolism</i>), or destructive (<i>katabolism</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tab"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol
Chem.)</i> <def>A product of metabolism; a substance produced by
metabolic action, as urea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tab"o*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To change by a metabolic process. See
<u>Metabolism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*bran"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meta-</i>
+ <i>branchial</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
lobe of the carapace of crabs covering the posterior
branchi&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*car"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the metacarpus.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A metacarpal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*car"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; beyond, between + &?; the wrist.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>That
part of the skeleton of the hand or forefoot between the carpus and
phalanges. In man it consists of five bones. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Artiodactyla</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Met`a*cen"ter</hw> (?) or <hw>-tre</hw> },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-</i> + <i>center</i>.]
<i>(Hydrostatics)</i> <def>The point of intersection of a vertical
line through the center of gravity of the fluid displaced by a
floating body which is tipped through a small angle from its position
of equilibrium, and the inclined line which was vertical through the
center of gravity of the body when in equilibrium.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When the metacenter is above the center of gravity, the
position of the body is stable; when below it, unstable.</p>

<p><hw>Me*tac"e*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>met-
</i> + <i>acetone</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless liquid of an
agreeable odor, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O, obtained by distilling
a mixture of sugar and lime; -- so called because formerly regarded
as a polymeric modification of acetone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*chlo"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-
</i> + <i>chloral</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white, amorphous,
insoluble substance regarded as a polymeric variety of
chloral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tach"ro*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
after the time, happening afterward; &?; beyond + &?; time: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;tachronisme</i>.] <def>An error committed in chronology
by placing an event after its real time.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Met`a*chro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; beyond + &?; a coloring.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The power of
changing color at will by the expansion of special pigment cells,
under nerve influence, as seen in many reptiles, fishes, etc.</def>
<i>Cope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*cin"na*bar*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>meta-</i> + <i>cinnabar</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Sulphide of
mercury in isometric form and black in color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"a*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metacismus</i>, Gr. &?; fondness for the letter &?;.] <def>A
defect in pronouncing the letter <i>m</i>, or a too frequent use of
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*cro"le*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>met-
</i> + <i>acrolein</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A polymeric modification
of acrolein obtained by heating it with caustic potash. It is a
crystalline substance having an aromatic odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Met`a*cro"mi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A process projecting backward and downward from
the acromion of the scapula of some mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*dis*coid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Meta-</i>
+ <i>discoidal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Discoidal by derivation; --
applied especially to the placenta of man and apes, because it is
supposed to have been derived from a diffused placenta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-
</i> + <i>gastric</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
the two posterior gastric lobes of the carapace of crabs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Mete</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Measurement, especially
of coal.</def>  <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Charge for, or price of, measuring.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-
</i> + <i>genesis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
change of form which one animal species undergoes in a series of
successively produced individuals, extending from the one developed
from the ovum to the final perfected individual. Hence, metagenesis
involves the production of sexual individuals by nonsexual means,
either directly or through intervening sexless generations. Opposed
to <i>monogenesis</i>. See <i>Alternate generation</i>, under
<u>Generation</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Alternation of sexual and
asexual or gemmiparous generations; -- in distinction from
<i>heterogamy</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 917 !></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*ge*net"ic</hw>
(m&ebreve;t`&adot;*j&esl;*n&ebreve;t"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to metagenesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*gen"ic</hw> (-j&esl;n"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Metagenetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tag"na*thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-
</i> + Gr. <grk>gna`qos</grk> the jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Cross-billed; -- said of certain birds, as the
crossbill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*gram"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Anagrammatism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>By or
pertaining to metagraphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tag"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-
</i> + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The art or act of rendering the letters
of the alphabet of one language into the possible equivalents of
another; transliteration.</def>  <i>Stormonth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met"al</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;tal</i>, L. <i>metallum</i> metal, mine, Gr. &?; mine;
cf. Gr. &?; to search after.  Cf. <u>Mettle</u>, <u>Medal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An elementary substance, as
sodium, calcium, or copper, whose oxide or hydroxide has basic rather
than acid properties, as contrasted with the nonmetals, or
metalloids. No sharp line can be drawn between the metals and
nonmetals, and certain elements partake of both acid and basic
qualities, as chromium, manganese, bismuth, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Popularly, the name is applied to certain hard, fusible
metals, as gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, lead, zinc, nickel, etc.,
and also to the mixed metals, or metallic alloys, as brass, bronze,
steel, bell metal, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ore from which a metal is derived; -- so
called by miners.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mine from which ores are taken.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Slaves . . . and persons condemned to
<i>metals</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The substance of which anything is made;
material; hence, constitutional disposition; character;
temper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not till God make men of some other <i>metal</i> than
earth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Courage; spirit; mettle. See
<u>Mettle</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The allusion is to the temper of the metal of a sword
blade.  <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The broken stone used in macadamizing
roads and ballasting railroads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The effective power or caliber of guns
carried by a vessel of war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Glass in a state of fusion.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The rails of a railroad.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Base metal</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>any one of the
metals, as iron, lead, etc., which are readily tarnished or oxidized,
in contrast with the noble metals. In general, a metal of small
value, as compared with gold or silver.</cd> -- <col><b>Fusible
metal</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a very fusible alloy, usually
consisting of bismuth with lead, tin, or cadmium.</cd> --
<col><b>Heavy metals</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the metallic
elements not included in the groups of the alkalies, alkaline earths,
or the earths; specifically, the heavy metals, as gold, mercury,
platinum, lead, silver, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Light metals</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the metallic elements of the alkali and alkaline
earth groups, as sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, etc.; also,
sometimes, the metals of the earths, as aluminium.</cd> --
<col><b>Muntz metal</b></col>, <cd>an alloy for sheathing and other
purposes, consisting of about sixty per cent of copper, and forty of
zinc. Sometimes a little lead is added. It is named from the
inventor.</cd> -- <col><b>Prince's metal</b></col> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i>, <cd>an alloy resembling brass, consisting of three parts
of copper to one of zinc; -- also called <i>Prince Rupert's
metal</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Met"al</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Metaled</u> (? or ?) or <u>Metalled</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Metaling</u> or <u>Metalling</u>.] <def>To
cover with metal; as, to <i>metal</i> a ship's bottom; to
<i>metal</i> a road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`al*am*mo"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Metal</i> + <i>ammonium</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical
radical derived from ammonium by the substitution of metallic atoms
in place of hydrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`al*bu"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>met-
</i> + <i>albumin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A form of
albumin found in ascitic and certain serous fluids. It is sometimes
regarded as a mixture of albumin and mucin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tal"de*hyde</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>met-
</i> + <i>aldehyde</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline
substance isomeric with, and obtained from, acetic aldehyde by
polymerization, and reconvertible into the same.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Met`a*lep"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Metalepses</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?; participation,
alteration, fr. &?; to partake, to take in exchange; &?; beyond + &?;
to take.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The continuation of a trope in one word
through a succession of significations, or the union of two or more
tropes of a different kind in one word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"a*lep`sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Exchange; replacement; substitution; metathesis.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Met`a*lep"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a metalepsis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Transverse; as, the <i>metaleptic</i>
motion of a muscle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to,
concerned in, or occurring by, metalepsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*lep"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Metaleptic.</def> -- <wf>Met`a*lep"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Me*tal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metallicus</i>, fr. <i>metallum</i>: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;tallique</i>. See <u>Metal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a metal; of the nature of metal; resembling
metal; as, a <i>metallic</i> appearance; a <i>metallic</i>
alloy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
characterized by, the essential and implied properties of a metal, as
contrasted with a nonmetal or metalloid; basic; antacid;
positive.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Metallic iron</b></col>, <cd>iron in the state of the
metal, as distinquished from its ores, as magnetic iron.</cd> --
<col><b>Metallic paper</b></col>, <cd>paper covered with a thin
solution of lime, whiting, and size. When written upon with a pewter
or brass pencil, the lines can hardly be effaced.</cd> --
<col><b>Metallic tinking</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a sound heard
in the chest, when a cavity communicating with the air passages
contains both air and liquid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*tal"lic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Metallic</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Me*tal"lic*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
metallic manner; by metallic means.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tal`li*fac"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metallum</i> metal + <i>facere</i>, <i>factum</i>, to make.]
<def>The production and working or manufacture of metals.</def> [R.]
<i>R. Park.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`al*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metallifer</i>; <i>metallum</i> metal + <i>ferre</i> to bear: cf.
F. <i>m&eacute;tallif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Producing metals; yielding
metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tal"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metallum</i> metal + <i>-form</i>: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;talliforme</i>.] <def>Having the form or structure of a
metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"al*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;tallin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a metal; metallic; as,
<i>metalline</i> properties.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Impregnated with metallic salts; chalybeate; as,
<i>metalline</i> water.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Met"al*line</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A substance of variable composition, but resembling a soft,
dark-colored metal, used in the bearings of machines for obviating
friction, and as a substitute for lubricants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"al*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A worker in
metals, or one skilled in metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`al*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;tallisation</i>.] <def>The act or process of
metallizing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Met"al*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Metallized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Metallizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;talliser</i>.] <def>To impart metallic properties to; to
impregnate with a metal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Me*tal"lo*chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Metallochromy</u>.] <def>A coloring produced by the deposition of
some metallic compound; specifically, the prismatic tints produced by
depositing a film of peroxide of lead on polished steel by
electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tal"lo*chro`my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metallum</i> metal + Gr. &?; color.] <def>The art or process of
coloring metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tal"lo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metallum</i> metal + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>A print made by
metallography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tal`lo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or by means of, metallography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`al*log"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who writes on the subject of metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`al*log"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metallum</i> metal + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;tallographie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science or
art of metals and metal working; also, a treatise on
metals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A method of transferring impressions of
the grain of wood to metallic surfaces by chemical action.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A substitute for lithography, in which
metallic plates are used instead of stone.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met"al*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>metallum</i>
metal + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;tallo&iuml;de</i>.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, the metallic base of a fixed
alkali, or alkaline earth; -- applied by Sir H. Davy to sodium,
potassium, and some other metallic substances whose metallic
character was supposed to be not well defined.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Now, one of several elementary substances
which in the free state are unlike metals, and whose compounds
possess or produce acid, rather than basic, properties; a nonmetal;
as, boron, carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, chlorine,
bromine, etc., are <i>metalloids</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"al*loid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the appearance of a metal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having the properties of a
nonmetal; nonmetallic; acid; negative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`al*loid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Metalloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`al*lor*gan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Metalorganic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tal`lo*ther"a*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metallum</i> metal + E. <i>therapy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Treatment of disease by applying metallic plates to the surface
of the body.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Met`al*lur"gic</hw> (?), <hw>Met`al*lur"gic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>m&eacute;tallurgique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to metallurgy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"al*lur`gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;tallurgiste</i>.] <def>One who works in metals, or
prepares them for use; one who is skilled in metallurgy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"al*lur`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;tallurgie</i>, fr. L. <i>metallum</i> metal, Gr. &?; a
mine + the root of &?; work. See <u>Metal</u>, and <u>Work</u>.]
<def>The art of working metals, comprehending the whole process of
separating them from other matters in the ore, smelting, refining,
and parting them; sometimes, in a narrower sense, only the process of
extracting metals from their ores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"al*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Metalmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A worker in metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beyond the
scope or province of logic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`al*or*gan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Metal</i>,
L. <i>metallum</i> + E. <i>organic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or denoting, any one of a series of compounds of
certain metallic elements with organic radicals; as, zinc methyl,
sodium ethyl, etc.</def> [Written also <i>metallorganic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Met"a*mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Metamere</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of several metameric
forms of the same substance, or of different substances having the
same composition; as, xylene has three <i>metamers</i>, viz.,
orthoxylene, metaxylene, and paraxylene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"a*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-</i>
+ <i>-mere</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of successive or
homodynamous parts in animals and plants; one of a series of similar
parts that follow one another in a vertebrate or articulate animal,
as in an earthworm; a segment; a somite. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Loeven's larva</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*mer"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-
</i> + Gr. &?; part.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having
the same elements united in the same proportion by weight, and with
the same molecular weight, but possessing a different structure and
different properties; as, methyl ether and ethyl alcohol are
<i>metameric</i> compounds. See <u>Isomeric</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The existence of metameric compounds is due to the
different arrangement of the same constituents in the molecule.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
metamere or its formation; as, <i>metameric</i>
segmentation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*mer"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
metameric manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tam"er*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The symmetry of a metameric
structure; serial symmetry; the state of being made up of
metameres.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The state or quality of
being metameric; also, the relation or condition of metameric
compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Metamorphosis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Subject to change;
changeable; variable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing a change of structure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, produced by,
or exhibiting, certain changes which minerals or rocks may have
undergone since their original deposition; -- especially applied to
the recrystallization which sedimentary rocks have undergone through
the influence of heat and pressure, after which they are called
<i>metamorphic</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>The state or quality of being metamorphic; the process by which
the material of rock masses has been more or less recrystallized by
heat, pressure, etc., as in the change of sedimentary limestone to
marble.</def>  <i>Murchison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*mor"phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>One who believes that the body of Christ was merged into the
Deity when he ascended.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*mor"phize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
metamorphose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*mor"phose</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Metamorphosed</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Metamorphosing</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;tamorphoser</i>.] <def>To change into a different form;
to transform; to transmute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And earth was <i>metamorphosed</i> into
man.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*mor"phose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;tamorphose</i>. See <u>Metamorphosis</u>.] <def>Same as
<u>Metamorphosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*mor"pho*ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
metamorphoses.</def> [R.]  <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*mor"pho*sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Changing
the form; transforming.</def> [R.]  <i>Pownall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*mor"pho*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Metamorphoses</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to be
transformed; <grk>meta`</grk> beyond, over + <grk>morfh`</grk>
form.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Change of form, or structure;
transformation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A change in the form or
function of a living organism, by a natural process of growth or
development; as, the <i>metamorphosis</i> of the yolk into the
embryo, of a tadpole into a frog, or of a bud into a blossom.
Especially, that form of sexual reproduction in which an embryo
undergoes a series of marked changes of external form, as the
chrysalis stage, pupa stage, etc., in insects. In these intermediate
stages sexual reproduction is usually impossible, but they ultimately
pass into final and sexually developed forms, from the union of which
organisms are produced which pass through the same cycle of changes.
See <u>Transformation</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The change of material
of one kind into another through the agency of the living organism;
metabolism.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vegetable metamorphosis</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
doctrine that flowers are homologous with leaf buds, and that the
floral organs are transformed leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Met`a*nau"pli*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Meta-</u>, and <u>Nauplius</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A larval
crustacean in a stage following the nauplius, and having about seven
pairs of appendages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*ne*phrit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the metanephros.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Met`a*neph"ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; behind + &?; kidney.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The most posterior of
the three pairs of embryonic renal organs developed in many
vertebrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Met`a*no"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; behind + &?; back.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dorsal portion
of the metaphorax of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`an*ti*mo"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of metantimonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`an*ti*mon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>met-
</i> + <i>antimonic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (formerly called
<i>antimonic acid</i>) analogous to metaphosphoric acid, and obtained
as a white amorphous insoluble substance, (HSbO<sub>3</sub>).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, designating an acid, which is now
properly called <i>pyroantimonic acid</i>, and analogous to
<i>pyrophosphoric acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*pec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-
</i> + <i>pectic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, a supposed acid obtained from pectin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*pec"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A substance obtained from, and resembling, pectin, and occurring
in overripe fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*pep"tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-
</i> + <i>peptone</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An intermediate
product formed in the gastric digestion of albuminous
matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"a*phor</hw> (m&ebreve;t"&adot;*f&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>m&eacute;taphore</i>, L.
<i>metaphora</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>metafora`</grk>, fr.
<grk>metafe`rein</grk> to carry over, transfer; <grk>meta`</grk>
beyond, over + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bring, bear.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<def>The transference of the relation between one set of objects to
another set for the purpose of brief explanation; a compressed
simile; <i>e. g.</i>, the ship plows the sea.</def> <i>Abbott &
Seeley.</i> "All the world's a stage."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The statement, "that man is a fox," is a metaphor; but
"that man is like a fox," is a simile, similitude, or comparison.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Met`a*phor"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Met`a*phor"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;taphorique</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to metaphor; comprising a metaphor; not
literal; figurative; tropical; as, a <i>metaphorical</i> expression;
a <i>metaphorical</i> sense.</def> -- <wf>Met`a*phor"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Met`a*phor"ic*al*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Met"a*phor*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes metaphors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*phos"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of metaphosphoric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*phos*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>meta-</i> + <i>phosphoric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or designating, a monobasic acid, HPO<sub>3</sub>, analogous to
nitric acid, and, by heating phosphoric acid, obtained as a
crystalline substance, commonly called <i>glacial phosphoric
acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"a*phrase</hw> (m&ebreve;t"&adot;*fr&amacr;z),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>meta`frasis</grk>, from
<grk>metafra`zein</grk> to paraphrase; <grk>meta`</grk> beyond, over
+ <grk>fra`zein</grk> to speak: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;taphrase</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A verbal translation; a version or
translation from one language into another, word for word; -- opposed
to <i>paraphrase</i>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An answering phrase; repartee.</def>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><! p. 918 !></p>

<p><hw>Met"a*phrased</hw> (m&ebreve;t"&adot;*fr&amacr;zd),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Translated literally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*taph"ra*sis</hw> (m&esl;*t&abreve;f"r&adot;*s&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Metaphrase</u>.]
<def>Metaphrase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"a*phrast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;taphraste</i>.] <def>A literal translator.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Met`a*phras"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Met`a*phras"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Close, or literal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*phys"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;taphysique</i>.] <def>See <u>Metaphysics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*phys"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Metaphysical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*phys"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;taphysique</i>. See <u>Metaphysics</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to metaphysics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to rules or principles of
metaphysics; as, <i>metaphysical</i> reasoning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Preternatural or supernatural.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The golden round<BR>
Which fate and metaphysical aid doth seem<BR>
To have thee crowned withal.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*phys"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of metaphysical science, or of a metaphysician.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*phy*si"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;taphysicien</i>.] <def>One who is versed in
metaphysics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*phys"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; &?; &?;
after those things which relate to external nature, after physics,
fr. &?; beyond, after + &?; relating to external nature, natural,
physical, fr. &?; nature: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;taphysique</i>. See
<u>Physics</u>. The term was first used by the followers of Aristotle
as a name for that part of his writings which came <i>after</i>, or
followed, the part which treated of <i>physics</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science of real as distinguished from
phenomenal being; ontology; also, the science of being, with
reference to its abstract and universal conditions, as distinguished
from the science of determined or concrete being; the science of the
conceptions and relations which are necessarily implied as true of
every kind of being; philosophy in general; first principles, or the
science of first principles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Metaphysics</i> is distinguished as <i>general</i> and
<i>special</i>. <i>General metaphysics</i> is the science of all
being as being. <i>Special metaphysics</i> is the science of one kind
of being; as, the <i>metaphysics</i> of chemistry, of morals, or of
politics. According to Kant, a systematic exposition of those notions
and truths, the knowledge of which is altogether independent of
experience, would constitute the science of metaphysics.</p>

<p><blockquote>Commonly, in the schools, called <i>metaphysics</i>,
as being part of the philosophy of Aristotle, which hath that for
title; but it is in another sense: for there it signifieth as much as
"books written or placed after his natural philosophy." But the
schools take them for "books of supernatural philosophy;" for the
word <i>metaphysic</i> will bear both these senses.</blockquote>
<i>Hobbes.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now the science conversant about all such inferences
of unknown being from its known manifestations, is called ontology,
or <i>metaphysics</i> proper.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Metaphysics</i> are [is] the science which
determines what can and what can not be known of being, and the laws
of being, a priori.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: The scientific knowledge of mental
phenomena; mental philosophy; psychology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Metaphysics</i>, in whatever latitude the term be
taken, is a science or complement of sciences exclusively occupied
with mind.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether, after all,<BR>
A larger <i>metaphysics</i> might not help<BR>
Our physics.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Me*taph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; after + &?; nature.] <def>Change of form;
transformation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"a*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metaplasmus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; beyond, over + &?; to mold: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;taplasme</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A change in the
letters or syllables of a word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"a*plast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Metaplasm</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word having more than one
form of the root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"a*pode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>metapodium</i>, from Gr. &?; behind + &?;, dim. of
<grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The posterior division of the foot in the Gastropoda and
Pteropoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*po"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the metapodialia, or to the parts of the
limbs to which they belong.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Met`a*po`di*a"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Metapodialia</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Metapode</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the bones of either the metacarpus or
metatarsus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Met`a*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Metapodia</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Metapode</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Met`a*poph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Metapophyses</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Meta-</u>, and
<u>Apophysis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A tubercle projecting from the
anterior articular processes of some vertebr&aelig;; a mammillary
process.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*tap`te*ryg"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; after + &?; fin.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The posterior of the
three principal basal cartilages in the fins of fishes.</def> --
<wf>Me*tap`ter*yg"i*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*sil"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of metasilicic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*si*lic"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-
</i> + <i>silicic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Designating an acid
derived from silicic acid by the removal of water; of or pertaining
to such an acid.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The salts of metasilicic acid are often called
<i>bisilicates</i>, in mineralogy, as Wollastonite
(CaSiO<sub>3</sub>).</p>

<p><col><b>Metasilicic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
gelatinous substance, or white amorphous powder, analogous to
carbonic acid, and forming many stable salts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*so"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>meta-</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, body.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An alteration
in a mineral or rock mass when involving a chemical change of the
substance, as of chrysolite to serpentine; -- opposed to ordinary
<i>metamorphism</i>, as implying simply a recrystallization.</def> --
<wf>Met`a*so*mat"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Met"a*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-</i>
+ <i>-some</i> body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the component
segments of the body of an animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*stan"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of metastannic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*stan"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, a compound of tin (metastannic
acid), obtained, as an isomeric modification of stannic acid, in the
form of a white amorphous substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tas"ta*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Metastases</b></plw> (#). [L., transition, fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to place in another way; &?; after + &?; to place.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A spiritual change, as
during baptism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A change in the location of
a disease, as from one part to another.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act or process by
which matter is taken up by cells or tissues and is transformed into
other matter; in plants, the act or process by which are produced all
of those chemical changes in the constituents of the plant which are
not accompanied by a production of organic matter;
metabolism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*stat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or caused by, metastasis; as, a <i>metastatic</i>
abscess; the <i>metastatic</i> processes of growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*ster"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the metasternum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Met`a*ster"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>meta-</i> + <i>sternum</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The most posterior element of the sternum; the ensiform process;
xiphisternum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ventral plate of
the third or last segment of the thorax of insects.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Me*tas"to*ma</hw> (?), <hw>Met"a*stome</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>metastoma</i>, from Gr. <grk>meta`</grk>
behind + <grk>sto`ma</grk> mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A median
elevation behind the mouth in the arthropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*tar"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the metatarsus.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A metatarsal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"a*tarse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Metatarsus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*tar"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Metatarsi</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Meta-</u>, and
<u>Tarsus</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>That part of the skeleton of the
hind or lower limb between the tarsus and phalanges; metatarse. It
consists, in the human foot, of five bones. See <i>Illustration</i>
in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tath"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Metatheses</b></plw> (&?;). [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>meta`thesis</grk>, fr. <grk>metatithe`nai</grk> to place
differently, to transpose; <grk>meta`</grk> beyond, over +
<grk>tithe`nai</grk> to place, set. See <u>Thesis</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Transposition, as of the
letters or syllables of a word; as, <i>pistris</i> for
<i>pristis</i>; <i>meagre</i> for <i>meager</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A mere change in place of a
morbid substance, without removal from the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act, process, or result
of exchange, substitution, or replacement of atoms and radicals;
thus, by <i>metathesis</i> an acid gives up all or part of its
hydrogen, takes on an equivalent amount of a metal or base, and forms
a salt.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Met`a*thet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Met`a*thet"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to metathesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*tho*rac"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
metathorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*tho"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;tathorax</i>. See <u>Meta-</u>, and <u>Thorax</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The last or posterior segment of the thorax
in insects. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Coleoptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*ti*tan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-
</i> + <i>titanic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, an acid of titanium analogous to metasilicic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*tung"state</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of metatungstic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*tung"stic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-
</i> + <i>tungstic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, an acid known only in its salts (the
<i>metatungstates</i>) and properly called <i>polytungstic</i>, or
<i>pyrotungstic</i>, acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*van"a*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of metavanadic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*va*nad"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-
</i> + <i>vanadic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, a vanadic acid analogous to metaphosphoric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*xy"lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>meta-
</i> + <i>xylene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>That variety of xylene, or
dimethyl benzene, in which the two methyl groups occupy the meta
position with reference to each other. It is a colorless inflammable
liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||M&eacute;`ta`yage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>M&eacute;tayer</u>.] <def>A system of farming on halves.</def>
[France &amp; Italy]</p>

<p><hw>||M&eacute;`ta`yer"</hw> (F. ?; E. ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., fr. LL. <i>medietarius</i>, fr. L. <i>medius</i> middle, half.
See <u>Mid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>One who cultivates land
for a share (usually one half) of its yield, receiving stock, tools,
and seed from the landlord.</def> [France &amp; Italy]
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Met`a*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; after + <grk>zo^,on</grk> an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Those animals in which the protoplasmic mass, constituting the
egg, is converted into a multitude of cells, which are metamorphosed
into the tissues of the body. A central cavity is commonly developed,
and the cells around it are at first arranged in two layers, -- the
<i>ectoderm</i> and <i>endoderm</i>. The group comprises nearly all
animals except the Protozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*zo"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Metazoans</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the Metazoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`a*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Metazoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Met`a*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Metazoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mete</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Meat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mete</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To meet.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mete</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Mette</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Met</u>.] [AS. <i>m&?;tan</i>.] <def>To dream; also impersonally;
as, <i>me mette</i>, I dreamed.</def> [Obs.] "I <i>mette</i> of him
all night."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mete</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Meted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Meting</u>.] [AS. <i>metan</i>; akin to D. <i>meten</i>, G.
<i>messen</i>, OHG. <i>mezzan</i>, Icel. <i>meta</i>, Sw.
<i>m&auml;ta</i>, Goth. <i>mitan</i>, L. <i>modus</i> measure,
moderation, <i>modius</i> a corn measure, Gr. &?; to rule, &?; a corn
measure, and ultimately from the same root as E. <i>measure</i>, L.
<i>metiri</i> to measure; cf. Skr. <i>m&amacr;</i> to measure.
&radic;99.  Cf. <u>Measure</u>, <u>Meet</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Mode</u>.] <def>To find the quantity, dimensions, or capacity of,
by any rule or standard; to measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mete</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To measure.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Mark iv. 24.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mete</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>met</i>. See
<u>Mete</u> to measure.] <def>Measure; limit; boundary; -- used
chiefly in the plural, and in the phrase <i>metes and
bounds</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mete"corn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quantity of
corn formerly given by the lord to his customary tenants, as an
encouragement to, or reward for, labor and faithful
service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mete"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>According to measure
or proportion; proportionable; proportionate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Met`em*pir"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Met`em*pir"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>met-</i> + <i>empiric</i>, <i>-
ical</i>.] <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Related, or belonging, to the
objects of knowledge within the province of metempirics.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If then the empirical designates the province we
include within the range of science, the province we exclude may be
fitly styled the <i>metempirical</i>.</blockquote> <i>G. H.
Lewes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met*em*pir"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
science that is concerned with metempirics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`em*pir"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
concepts and relations which are conceived as beyond, and yet as
related to, the knowledge gained by experience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*temp"sy*chose</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Metempsychosed</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Metempsychosing</u> (?).] [See
<u>Metempsychosis</u>.] <def>To translate or transfer, as the soul,
from one body to another.</def> [R.]  <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*temp`sy*cho"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;; &?; beyond, over + &?; to animate; &?; in + &?; soul. See
<u>Psychology</u>.] <def>The passage of the soul, as an immortal
essence, at the death of the animal body it had inhabited, into
another living body, whether of a brute or a human being;
transmigration of souls.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`emp*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; beyond, after + &?; a falling upon, fr. &?; to fall in or upon;
&?; in + &?; to fall.] <i>(Chron.)</i> <def>The suppression of a day
in the calendar to prevent the date of the new moon being set a day
too late, or the suppression of the bissextile day once in 134 years.
The opposite to this is the <i>proemptosis</i>, or the addition of a
day every 330 years, and another every 2,400 years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`en*ceph"a*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Met-</i>
+ <i>encephalon</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The posterior part of the
brain, including the medulla; the afterbrain. Sometimes abbreviated
to <i>meten</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Met`en*so`ma*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
change of body (by the soul), fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
assimilation by one body or organism of the elements of
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"te*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;t&eacute;ore</i>, Gr. &?;, pl. &?; things in the air, fr.
&?; high in air, raised off the ground; &?; beyond + &?;, &?;, a
suspension or hovering in the air, fr. &?; to lift, raise up.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any phenomenon or appearance in the
atmosphere, as clouds, rain, hail, snow, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hail, an ordinary <i>meteor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specif.: A transient luminous body or
appearance seen in the atmosphere, or in a more elevated
region.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vaulty top of heaven<BR>
Figured quite o'er with burning <i>meteors</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term is especially applied to fireballs, and the masses
of stone or other substances which sometimes fall to the earth; also
to shooting stars and to ignes fatui. Meteors are often classed as:
<i>aerial meteors</i>, winds, tornadoes, etc.; <i>aqueous
meteors</i>, rain, hail, snow, dew, etc.; <i>luminous meteors</i>,
rainbows, halos, etc.; and <i>igneous meteors</i>, lightning,
shooting stars, and the like.</p>

<p><hw>Me`te*or"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;t&eacute;orique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to a meteor, or to meteors; atmospheric, as,
<i>meteoric</i> phenomena; <i>meteoric</i> stones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Influenced by the weather; as,
<i>meteoric</i> conditions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Flashing; brilliant; transient; like a
meteor; as, <i>meteoric</i> fame.</def> "<i>Meteoric</i> politician."
<i>Craik.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Meteoric iron</b></col>, <col><b>Meteoric stone</b></col>.
<i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See <u>Meteorite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Meteoric
paper</b></col>, <cd>a substance of confervoid origin found floating
in the air, and resembling bits of coarse paper; -- so called because
formerly supposed to fall from meteors.</cd> -- <col><b>Meteoric
showers</b></col>, <cd>periodical exhibitions of shooting stars,
occuring about the 9th or 10th of August and 13th of November, more
rarely in April and December, and also at some other
periods.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me`te*or"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Meteoric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"te*or*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Flatulent distention of the abdomen; tympanites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"te*or*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;t&eacute;orite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mass of stone
or iron which has fallen to the earth from space; an
a&euml;rolite.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Meteorites usually show a pitted surface with a fused
crust, caused by the heat developed in their rapid passage through
the earth's atmosphere. A meteorite may consist: <b>1</b>. Of
metallic iron, alloyed with a small percentage of nickel (<i>meteoric
iron</i>, <i>holosiderite</i>). When etched this usually exhibits
peculiar crystalline figures, called <i>Widmanst&auml;tten
figures</i>. <b>2</b>. Of a cellular mass of iron with imbedded
silicates (<i>mesosiderite</i> or <i>siderolite</i>). <b>3</b>. Of a
stony mass of silicates with little iron (<i>meteoric stone</i>,
<i>sporadosiderite</i>). <b>4</b>. Of a mass without iron
(<i>asiderite</i>).
</p>

<p><hw>Me"te*or*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to
raise to a height.] <def>To ascend in vapors; to take the form of a
meteor.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me`te*or"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meteor</i>
+ <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument which registers meteorologic
phases or conditions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me`te*or`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to meteorography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me`te*or*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Meteor</i> + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The registration of
meteorological phenomena.</def></p>

<p><! p. 919 !></p>

<p><hw>Me"te*or*oid</hw> (m&emacr;"t&esl;*&etilde;r*oid),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meteor</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>A small body moving through space, or revolving about the sun,
which on entering the earth's atmosphere would be deflagrated and
appear as a meteor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These bodies [small, solid bodies] before they come
into the air, I call <i>meteoroids</i>.</blockquote> <i>H. A.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me`te*or*oid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a meteoroid or to meteoroids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me`te*or"o*lite</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Meteor</i> + <i>-lite</i> : cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;t&eacute;orolithe</i>.] <def>A meteoric stone; an
a&euml;rolite; a meteorite.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Me`te*or`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Me`te*or`o*log"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;t&eacute;orologique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
atmosphere and its phenomena, or to meteorology.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Meteorological table</b></col>, <col><b>Meteorological
register</b></col>, <cd>a table or register exhibiting the state of
the air and its temperature, weight, dryness, moisture, motion,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me`te*or*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;t&eacute;orologiste</i>.] <def>A person skilled in
meteorology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me`te*or*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
+ <grk>lo`gos</grk> discourse: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;t&eacute;orologie</i>. See <u>Meteor</u>.] <def>The
science which treats of the atmosphere and its phenomena,
particularly of its variations of heat and moisture, of its winds,
storms, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me`te*or"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Meteor</i> + <i>-mancy</i> : cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;t&eacute;oromancie</i>.] <def>A species of divination by
meteors, chiefly by thunder and lightning, which was held in high
estimation by the Romans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me`te*or*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Meteor</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An apparatus which transmits
automatically to a central station atmospheric changes as marked by
the anemometer, barometer, thermometer, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me`te*or"o*scope</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; observing the heavenly bodies; &?; + &?; to view: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;t&eacute;oroscope</i>. See <u>Meteor</u>.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An astrolabe; a
planisphere.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument for
measuring the position, length, and direction, of the apparent path
of a shooting star.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*te"o*rous</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Meteor</u>.] <def>Of the nature or appearance of a
meteor.</def></p>

<p><hw>-me"ter</hw> (?). [L. <i>metrum</i> measure, or the allied Gr.
&?;. See <u>Meter</u> rhythm.] <def>A suffix denoting <i>that by
which anything is measured</i>; as, baro<i>meter</i>,
chrono<i>meter</i>, dynamo<i>meter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Mete</u> to
measure.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, metes or
measures. See <u>Coal-meter</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for measuring, and usually
for recording automatically, the quantity measured.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dry meter</b></col>, <cd>a gas meter having measuring
chambers, with flexible walls, which expand and contract like bellows
and measure the gas by filling and emptying.</cd> -- <col><b>Wet
meter</b></col>, <cd>a gas meter in which the revolution of a
chambered drum in water measures the gas passing through it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A line above or below a
hanging net, to which the net is attached in order to strengthen
it.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Me"ter</hw>, <hw>Me"tre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>metre</i>, F. <i>m&egrave;tre</i>, L. <i>metrum</i>, fr. Gr.
&?;; akin to Skr. <i>m&amacr;</i> to measure. See <u>Mete</u> to
measure.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rhythmical arrangement of syllables
or words into verses, stanzas, strophes, etc.; poetical measure,
depending on number, quantity, and accent of syllables; rhythm;
measure; verse; also, any specific rhythmical arrangements; as, the
Horatian <i>meters</i>; a dactylic <i>meter</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The only strict antithesis to prose is
<i>meter</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A poem.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A measure of length, equal to 39.37
English inches, the standard of linear measure in the metric system
of weights and measures. It was intended to be, and is very nearly,
the ten millionth part of the distance from the equator to the north
pole, as ascertained by actual measurement of an arc of a meridian.
See <i>Metric system</i>, under <u>Metric</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Common meter</b></col> <i>(Hymnol.)</i>, <cd>four iambic
verses, or lines, making a stanza, the first and third having each
four feet, and the second and fourth each three feet; -- usually
indicated by the initials C.M.</cd> -- <col><b>Long meter</b></col>
<i>(Hymnol.)</i>, <cd>iambic verses or lines of four feet each, four
verses usually making a stanza; -- commonly indicated by the initials
L. M.</cd> -- <col><b>Short meter</b></col> <i>(Hymnol.)</i>,
<cd>iambic verses or lines, the first, second, and fourth having each
three feet, and the third four feet. The stanza usually consists of
four lines, but is sometimes doubled. <i>Short meter</i> is indicated
by the initials S. M.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me"ter*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Meter</u>.] <def>The act of measuring, or the cost of
measuring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me"ter*gram`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i>
<def>A measure of energy or work done; the power exerted in raising
one gram through the distance of one meter against
gravitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mete"wand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mete</i> to
measure + <i>wand</i>.] <def>A measuring rod.</def>
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mete"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>metgeard</i>. See <u>Mete</u> to measure, and <u>Yard</u> stick.]
<def>A yard, staff, or rod, used as a measure.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Meathe</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`h&aelig;m*o*glo"bin</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>met-</i> + <i>h&aelig;moglobin</i>.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A stable crystalline compound obtained by the
decomposition of hemoglobin. It is found in old blood
stains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>M</i>yristic +
<i>eth</i>er + <i>al</i>cohol.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white waxy
substance, found in small quantities in spermaceti as an ethereal
salt of several fatty acids, and regarded as an alcohol of the
methane series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Methal</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A light, colorless, gaseous, inflammable
hydrocarbon, CH<sub>4</sub>; marsh gas. See <i>Marsh gas</i>, under
<u>Gas</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Methane series</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a series of
saturated hydrocarbons, of which methane is the first member and
type, and (because of their general chemical inertness and
indifference) called also the <i>paraffin (little affinity)
series</i>. The lightest members are gases, as methane, ethane;
intermediate members are liquids, as hexane, heptane, etc. (found in
benzine, kerosene, etc.); while the highest members are white, waxy,
or fatty solids, as paraffin proper.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*theg"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W.
<i>meddyglyn</i>; <i>medd</i> mead + <i>llyn</i> liquor, juice. See
<u>Mead</u> a drink.] <def>A fermented beverage made of honey and
water; mead.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meth"ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meth</i>yl +
ethyl<i>ene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Methylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth"e*nyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Methene</i> +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical hydrocarbon radical
CH, regarded as an essential residue of certain organic
compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth"ide</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Methyl</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A binary compound of methyl with
some element; as, aluminium <i>methide</i>,
Al<sub>2</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*thinks"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. impers.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Methought</u> (?).] [AS.
<i>&thorn;yncan</i> to seem, <i>m&emacr; &thorn;ynce&eth;</i>,
<i>m&emacr; &thorn;&umacr;hte</i>, OE. <i>me thinketh</i>, <i>me
thoughte</i>; akin to G. <i>d&uuml;nken</i> to seem, <i>denken</i> to
think, and E. <i>think</i>. See <u>Me</u>, and <u>Think</u>.] <def>It
seems to me; I think. See <u>Me</u>.</def> [R., except in
poetry.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In all ages poets have been had in special reputation,
and, <i>methinks</i>, not without great cause.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*thi"on*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of methionic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth`i*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Me</i>thyl +
<i>thionic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, a sulphonic (<i>thionic</i>) acid derivative of methane,
obtained as a stable white crystalline substance,
CH<sub>2</sub>.(SO<sub>3</sub>H)<sub>2</sub>, which forms well
defined salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth"od</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;thode</i>, L. <i>methodus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>meqodos</grk>
method, investigation following after; <grk>meta`</grk> after +
<grk>"odo`s</grk> way.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An orderly procedure
or process; regular manner of doing anything; hence, manner; way;
mode; as, a <i>method</i> of teaching languages; a <i>method</i> of
improving the mind.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Orderly arrangement, elucidation,
development, or classification; clear and lucid exhibition;
systematic arrangement peculiar to an individual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though this be madness, yet there's <i>method</i> in
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>method</i> is a rational progress, a progress
toward an end.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Classification; a mode
or system of classifying natural objects according to certain common
characteristics; as, the <i>method</i> of Theophrastus; the
<i>method</i> of Ray; the Linn&aelig;an <i>method</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Order; system; rule; regularity; way; manner; mode;
course; process; means.  -- <u>Method</u>, <u>Mode</u>,
<u>Manner</u>. <i>Method</i> implies arrangement; <i>mode</i>, mere
action or existence. <i>Method</i> is a way of reaching a given end
by a <i>series</i> of acts which tend to secure it; <i>mode</i>
relates to a single action, or to the form which a series of acts,
viewed as a whole, exhibits. <i>Manner</i> is literally the
<i>handling</i> of a thing, and has a wider sense, embracing both
<i>method</i> and <i>mode</i>.  An instructor may adopt a good
<i>method</i> of teaching to write; the scholar may acquire a bad
<i>mode</i> of holding his pen; the <i>manner</i> in which he is
corrected will greatly affect his success or failure.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Me*thod"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Me*thod"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>methodicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;thodique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Arranged with
regard to method; disposed in a suitable manner, or in a manner to
illustrate a subject, or to facilitate practical observation; as, the
<i>methodical</i> arrangement of arguments; a <i>methodical</i>
treatise.</def> "<i>Methodical</i> regularity."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding with regard to method;
systematic.</def> "Aristotle, strict, <i>methodic</i>, and orderly."
<i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the ancient school of
physicians called methodists.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Me*thod"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Me*thod"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Me*thod"ios</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art and
principles of method.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth"o*dism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>The system of doctrines, polity, and worship, of the sect called
Methodists.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meth"o*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;thodiste</i>. See <u>Method</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who observes method.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of an ancient school of physicians who
rejected observation and founded their practice on reasoning and
theory.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One of a sect of
Christians, the outgrowth of a small association called the "Holy
Club," formed at Oxford University, <u>A.D.</u> 1729, of which the
most conspicuous members were John Wesley and his brother Charles; --
originally so called from the methodical strictness of members of the
club in all religious duties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person of strict piety; one who lives in
the exact observance of religious duties; -- sometimes so called in
contempt or ridicule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth"o*dist</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the sect of Methodists; as, <i>Methodist</i> hymns; a
<i>Methodist</i> elder.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Meth`o*dis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Meth`o*dis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to methodists, or to the
Methodists.</def> -- <wf>Meth`o*dis"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Meth`od*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of methodizing, or the state of being
methodized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth"od*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Methodized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Methodizing</u> (?).] <def>To reduce to method; to
dispose in due order; to arrange in a convenient manner; as, to
<i>methodize</i> one's work or thoughts.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meth"od*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
methodizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth`od*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to methodology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth`od*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; method
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of method or arrangement; a
treatise on method.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meth"ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wine + <i>-
ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The technical name of methyl alcohol or
wood spirit; also, by extension, the class name of any of the series
of alcohols of the methane series of which <i>methol</i> proper is
the type. See <i>Methyl alcohol</i>, under <u>Methyl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*thought"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Methinks</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth*ox"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Meth</i>yl +
hydr<i>oxyl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical,
CH<sub>3</sub>O, analogous to hydroxyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Methylene</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon radical, CH<sub>3</sub>, not
existing alone but regarded as an essential residue of methane, and
appearing as a component part of many derivatives; as, <i>methyl</i>
alcohol, <i>methyl</i> ether, <i>methyl</i> amine, etc.</def>
[Formerly written also <i>methule</i>, <i>methyle</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><col><b>Methyl alcohol</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a light,
volatile, inflammable liquid, CH<sub>3</sub>.OH, obtained by the
distillation of wood, and hence called <i>wood spirit</i>; -- called
also <i>methol</i>, <i>carbinol</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Methyl
amine</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a colorless, inflammable,
alkaline gas, CH<sub>3</sub>.NH<sub>2</sub>, having an ammoniacal,
fishy odor. It is produced artificially, and also occurs naturally in
herring brine and other fishy products. It is regarded as ammonia in
which a third of its hydrogen is replaced by methyl, and is a type of
the class of <i>substituted ammonias</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Methyl
ether</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a light, volatile ether
CH<sub>3</sub>.O.CH<sub>3</sub>, obtained by the etherification of
methyl alcohol; -- called also <i>methyl oxide</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Methyl green</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Green</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Methyl
orange</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <u>Helianthin</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Methyl violet</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an artificial
dye, consisting of certain methyl halogen derivatives of
rosaniline.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Meth"yl*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Methyl</i>ene +
<i>al</i>cohol.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A light, volatile liquid,
H<sub>2</sub>C(OCH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, regarded as a complex
ether, and having a pleasant ethereal odor. It is obtained by the
partial oxidation of methyl alcohol. Called also
<i>formal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth`yl*am"ine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <i>Methyl amine</i>, under
<u>Methyl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth"yl*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Methyl</i> +
alcohol<i>ate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alcoholate of methyl
alcohol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a metal, after
the analogy of a hydrate; as, sodium <i>methylate</i>,
CH<sub>3</sub>ONa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth"yl*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
impregnate or mix with methyl or methyl alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth"yl*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Impregnated with, or containing, methyl alcohol or wood spirit;
as, <i>methylated</i> spirits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meth"yl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;thyl&egrave;ne</i>, from Gr. &?; wine + &?; wood; -- a
word coined to correspond to the name <i>wood spirit</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon radical, CH<sub>2</sub>, not known
in the free state, but regarded as an essential residue and component
of certain derivatives of methane; as, <i>methylene</i> bromide,
CH<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>2</sub>; -- formerly called also
<i>methene</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Methylene blue</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an artificial
dyestuff consisting of a complex sulphur derivative of diphenyl
amine; -- called also <i>pure blue</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Me*thyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, methyl;
specifically, designating methyl alcohol. See under
<u>Methyl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*thys"ti*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white, silky, crystalline substance extracted from the thick
rootstock of a species of pepper (<i>Piper methysticum</i>) of the
South Sea Islands; -- called also <i>kanakin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"ic</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
prop., changing one's abode; &?;, indicating change + &?; house,
abode: cf. L. <i>metoecus</i>, F. <i>m&eacute;t&egrave;que</i>.]
<i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A sojourner; an immigrant; an alien resident
in a Grecian city, but not a citizen.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole force of Athens, <i>metics</i> as well as
citizens, and all the strangers who were then in the
city.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*tic"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>meticulosus</i>, fr. <i>metus</i> fear: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;ticuleux</i>.] <def>Timid; fearful.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Me*tic"u*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>||M&eacute;`tif"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. m.</i></pos>
<hw>||M&eacute;`tive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. f.</i></pos> }[F.]
<def>See <u>M&eacute;tis</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||M&eacute;`tis"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. m.</i></pos>
<hw>||M&eacute;`tisse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. f.</i></pos> }[F.; akin
to Sp. <i>mestizo</i>. See <u>Mestizo</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The offspring of a white person and an American
Indian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The offspring of a white person and a
quadroon; an octoroon.</def> [Local, U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met"o*che</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
sharing, fr. &?; to share in; &?; with + &?; to have.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The space between two dentils.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The space between two triglyphs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;tonique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or discovered by,
<i>Meton</i>, the Athenian.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Metonic</b></col> <col><b>cycle or year</b></col>.
<i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Cycle</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Met`o*nym"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Met`o*nym"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Metonymy</u>.] <def>Used by way of
metonymy.</def> -- <wf>Met`o*nym"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Me*ton"y*my</hw> (m&esl;*t&obreve;n"&ibreve;*m&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>metonymia</i>, Gr. <grk>metwnymi`a</grk>;
<grk>meta`</grk>, indicating change + <grk>'o`nyma</grk> , for
<grk>'o`noma</grk> a name: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;tonymie</i>. See
<u>Name</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A trope in which one word is put
for another that suggests it; as, we say, a man keeps a good
<i>table</i> instead of good <i>provisions</i>; we read
<i>Virgil</i>, that is, his <i>poems</i>; a man has a warm
<i>heart</i>, that is, warm <i>affections</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"o*pe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>meta`</grk> with, between + &?; opening, hole, the hole in the
frieze between the beam ends.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The space between two triglyphs of the Doric frieze, which,
among the ancients, was often adorned with carved work. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Entablature</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The face of a
crab.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the Parthenon, groups of centaurs and heroes in high
relief occupy the metopes.</p>

<p><hw>Me*top"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
forehead.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the forehead or
frontal bones; frontal; as, the <i>metopic</i> suture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"o*po*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
forehead + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Fortune telling by physiognomy.</def>
[R.]  <i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Met`o*po*scop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Met`o*po*scop"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to metoposcopy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`o*pos"co*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in metoposcopy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`o*pos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
observing the forehead; &?; the forehead + &?; to view: cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;toposcopie</i>.] <def>The study of physiognomy; the art
of discovering the character of persons by their features, or the
lines of the face.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*tos"te*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; after + &?; bone.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The postero-lateral
ossification in the sternum of birds; also, the part resulting from
such ossification.</def></p>

<p><! p. 920 !></p>

<p><hw>Me"tre</hw> (m&emacr;"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Meter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"ric</hw> (m&ebreve;t"r&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metricus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;trique</i>. See
<u>Meter</u> rhythm.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to
measurement; involving, or proceeding by, measurement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the meter as a
standard of measurement; of or pertaining to the decimal system of
measurement of which a meter is the unit; as, the <i>metric</i>
system; a <i>metric</i> measurement.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Metric analysis</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>analysis by
volume; volumetric analysis.</cd> -- <col><b>Metric system</b></col>,
<cd>a system of weights and measures originating in France, the use
of which is required by law in many countries, and permitted in many
others, including the United States and England. The principal unit
is the <i>meter</i> (see <u>Meter</u>). From this are formed the
<i>are</i>, the <i>liter</i>, the <i>stere</i>, the <i>gram</i>, etc.
These units, and others derived from them, are divided decimally, and
larger units are formed from multiples by 10, 100, 1,000, and 10,000.
The successive multiplies are designated by the prefixes, <i>deca-
</i>, <i>hecto-</i>, <i>kilo-</i>, and <i>myria-</i>; successive
parts by <i>deci-</i>, <i>centi-</i>, and <i>milli-</i>. The prefixes
<i>mega-</i> and <i>micro-</i> are sometimes used to denote a
multiple by one million, and the millionth part, respectively. See
the words formed with these prefixes in the Vocabulary. For <i>metric
tables</i>, see p. 1682.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the meter; arranged in meter; consisting of
verses; as, <i>metrical</i> compositions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to measurement; as, the
inch, foot, yard, etc., are <i>metrical</i> terms; esp., of or
pertaining to the metric system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"ric*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a metrical
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tri"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;tricien</i>. See <u>Meter</u> rhythm.] <def>A composer of
verses.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Met"ric sys"tem</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Metric</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Met`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Composition in metrical form; versification.</def> [R.]
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>metrum</i>
meter + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;trifier</i>.] <def>To make
verse.</def> [R.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"trist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maker of
verses.</def>  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Spenser was no mere <i>metrist</i>, but a great
composer.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Me*tri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
womb + <i>-tis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
womb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"ro*chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?;
color.] <def>An instrument for measuring colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"ro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; measure +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument attached to a locomotive for
recording its speed and the number and duration of its
stops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`ro*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;trologique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
metrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*trol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; measure +
<i>-m&eacute;trologie</i>.] <def>The science of, or a system of,
weights and measures; also, a treatise on the subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`ro*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; measure
+ E. <i>mania</i>.] <def>A mania for writing verses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`ro*ma"ni*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
has metromania.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*trom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; womb +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring the
size of the womb.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met"ro*nome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; measure +
&?; distribute, assign: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;tronome</i>, It.
<i>metronomo</i>.] <def>An instrument consisting of a short pendulum
with a sliding weight. It is set in motion by clockwork, and serves
to measure time in music.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tron"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Metronome</u>.] <def>Measurement of time by an
instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met`ro*nym"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
mother + &?;, for &?; name.] <def>Derived from the name of one's
mother, or other female ancestor; as, a <i>metronymic</i> name or
appellation.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A metronymic
appellation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"ro*pole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;tropole</i>. See <u>Metropolis</u>.] <def>A
metropolis.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*trop"o*lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metropolis</i>, Gr. &?;, prop., the mother city (in relation to
colonies); &?; mother + &?; city. See <u>Mother</u>, and
<u>Police</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The mother city; the chief city of a
kingdom, state, or country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Edinburgh] gray <i>metropolis</i> of the
North.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The seat, or see, of the
metropolitan, or highest church dignitary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>metropolis</i> and see of
Rome.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`ro*pol"i*tan</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metropolitanus</i>: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;tropolitain</i>.]</p>
<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the capital or
principal city of a country; as, <i>metropolitan</i>
luxury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, a metropolitan or the presiding bishop of a country or
province, his office, or his dignity; as, <i>metropolitan</i>
authority.</def> "Bishops <i>metropolitan</i>."  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`ro*pol"i*tan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>metropolitanus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The superior or
presiding bishop of a country or province.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Lat. Church.)</i> <def>An
archbishop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Church)</i> <def>A bishop whose see is
a civil metropolis.  His rank is intermediate between that of an
archbishop and a patriarch.</def>  <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`ro*pol"i*tan*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
see of a metropolitan bishop.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me*trop"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metropolita</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>A metropolitan.</def>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met`ro*po*lit"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a metropolis; being a metropolis; metropolitan; as, the
<i>metropolitical</i> chair.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Met`ror*rha"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; womb + &?; to break.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Profuse bleeding
from the womb, esp. such as does not occur at the menstrual
period.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"ro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; womb +
<i>-scope</i>.] <def>A modification of the stethoscope, for directly
auscultating the uterus from the vagina.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Met`ro*si*de"ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; heart of a tree + &?; iron.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A myrtaceous
genus of trees or shrubs, found in Australia and the South Sea
Islands, and having very hard wood.  <i>Metrosideros vera</i> is the
true ironwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"ro*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Metrotomy</u>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument for cutting or
scarifying the uterus or the neck of the uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*trot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; womb +
&?; to cut: cf. F. <i>m&eacute;trotomie</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The
operation of cutting into the uterus; hysterotomy; the C&aelig;sarean
section.</def></p>

<p><hw>-me*try</hw> (?). [See <u>-meter</u>.] <def>A suffix denoting
the <i>art</i>, <i>process</i>, or <i>science</i>, <i>of
measuring</i>; as, acidi<i>metry</i>, chloro<i>metry</i>,
chrono<i>metry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mette</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Mete</u>, to dream.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [E. <i>metal</i>, used
in a tropical sense in allusion to the temper of the metal of a sword
blade. See <u>Metal</u>.] <def>Substance or quality of temperament;
spirit, esp. as regards honor, courage, fortitude, ardor, etc.;
disposition; -- usually in a good sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A certain critical hour which shall . . . try what
<i>mettle</i> his heart is made of.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gentlemen of brave <i>mettle</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The winged courser, like a generous horse,<BR>
Shows most true <i>mettle</i> when you check his course.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To put one one's mettle</b></col>, <cd>to cause or incite
one to use one's best efforts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Met"tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having mettle;
high-spirited; ardent; full of fire.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Met"tle*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
spirit; possessing constitutional ardor; fiery; as, a
<i>mettlesome</i> horse.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Met"tle*some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Met"tle*some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Meute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cage for hawks; a
mew. See 4th <u>Mew</u>, 1.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Meve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
move.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>m&?;w</i>, akin to
D. <i>meeuw</i>, G. <i>m&ouml;we</i>, OHG. <i>m&?;h</i>, Icel.
<i>m&amacr;r</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gull, esp. the common
British species (<i>Larus canus</i>); called also <i>sea mew</i>,
<i>maa</i>, <i>mar</i>, <i>mow</i>, and <i>cobb</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mewed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mewing</u>.] [OE. <i>muen</i>, F. <i>muer</i>, fr. L.
<i>mutare</i> to change, fr. <i>movere</i> to move. See <u>Move</u>,
and cf. <u>Mew</u> a cage, <u>Molt</u>.] <def>To shed or cast; to
change; to molt; as, the hawk <i>mewed</i> his feathers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nine times the moon had <i>mewed</i> her
horns.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mew</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cast the feathers;
to molt; hence, to change; to put on a new appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now everything doth <i>mew</i>,<BR>
And shifts his rustic winter robe.</blockquote>
<i>Turbervile.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mue</i>, F. <i>mue</i>
change of feathers, scales, skin, the time or place when the change
occurs, fr. <i>muer</i> to molt, mew, L. <i>mutare</i> to change. See
2d <u>Mew</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cage for hawks while mewing; a coop for
fattening fowls; hence, any inclosure; a place of confinement or
shelter; -- in the latter sense usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full many a fat partrich had he in
<i>mewe</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Forthcoming from her darksome <i>mew</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Violets in their secret <i>mews</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stable or range of stables for horses; -
- compound used in the plural, and so called from the royal stables
in London, built on the site of the king's mews for hawks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Mew</u> a cage.]
<def>To shut up; to inclose; to confine, as in a cage or other
inclosure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More pity that the eagle should be
<i>mewed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Close <i>mewed</i> in their sedans, for fear of
air.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mew</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Of imitative origin; cf. G.
<i>miauen</i>.] <def>To cry as a cat.</def> [Written also
<i>meaw</i>, <i>meow</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The common cry of a
cat.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mewl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mewled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mewling</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>miauler</i> to mew, E. <i>mew</i> to cry
as a cat.  Cf. <u>Miaul</u>.] <def>To cry, as a young child; to
squall.</def> [Written also <i>meawl</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mewl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
mewls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mews</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [Prop. pl. of
<i>mew</i>. See <u>Mew</u> a cage.] <def>An alley where there are
stables; a narrow passage; a confined place.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Turveydrop's great room . . . was built out into a
<i>mews</i> at the back.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mex*al"</hw> (?), <hw>Mex"i*cal</hw> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <pos><i>mexcal.</i></pos>] <def>See
<u>Mescal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mex"i*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Mexico or its people.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native
or inhabitant of Mexico.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mexican poppy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tropical
American herb of the Poppy family (<i>Argemone Mexicana</i>) with
much the look of a thistle, but having large yellow or white
blossoms.</cd> -- <col><b>Mexican tea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
aromatic kind of pigweed from tropical America (<i>Chenopodium
ambrosioides</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mex"i*can*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause
to be like the Mexicans, or their country, esp. in respect of
frequent revolutions of government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mex"i*can*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
like the Mexicans, or their country or government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meyn"e</hw> (m&ebreve;n"&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<def>Same as <u>Meine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mez*cal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mescal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*ze"re*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;z&eacute;r&eacute;on</i>, Per.
<i>m&amacr;zriy&umacr;n</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small European
shrub (<i>Daphne Mezereum</i>), whose acrid bark is used in
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mez*qui"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A
mosque.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mez"u*zoth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>m&ebreve;z&umacr;z&omacr;th</i>, pl. of
<i>m&ebreve;z&umacr;z&amacr;h</i> doorpost.] <def>A piece of
parchment bearing the Decalogue and attached to the doorpost; -- in
use among orthodox Hebrews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mez"za*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mezzanine</i>, It. <i>mezzanino</i>, fr. <i>mezzano</i> middle,
fr. <i>mezzo</i> middle, half. See <u>Mezzo</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Entresol</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A partial story which is not on the same
level with the story of the main part of the edifice, as of a back
building, where the floors are on a level with landings of the
staircase of the main house.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mez"za vo"ce</hw> (?). [It., fr. <i>mezzo</i>, fem.
<i>mezza</i> middle, half + <i>voce</i> voice, L. <i>vox</i>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>With a medium fullness of sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mez"zo</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., from L.
<i>medius</i> middle, half. See <u>Mid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Mean; not extreme.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mez"zo-re*lie"vo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mezzo-
rilievo.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mez"zo-ri*lie"vo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A middle degree of relief in figures,
between high and low relief.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sculpture
in this kind of relief. See under <u>Alto-rilievo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mez"zo-so*pra"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Having a medium compass between the soprano and contralto; --
said of the voice of a female singer.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mezzo-soprano voice.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A person having such a voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mez"zo*tint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>mezzo-
tinto</i>.] <def>A manner of engraving on copper or steel by drawing
upon a surface previously roughened, and then removing the roughness
in places by scraping, burnishing, etc., so as to produce the
requisite light and shade. Also, an engraving so produced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mez"zo*tint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To engrave in
mezzotint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mez"zo*tint`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
engraves in mezzotint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mez`zo*tin"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>mezzo</i>
half + <i>tinto</i> tinted, p. p. of <i>tingere</i> to dye, color,
tinge, L. <i>tingere</i>. See <u>Mezzo</u>.]
<def>Mezzotint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mez`zo*tin"to</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mezzotintoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mezzotintoing</u> (?).] <def>To engrave in mezzotint;
to represent by mezzotint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mhorr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Mohr</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
syllable applied to the third tone of the scale of C, <i>i. e.</i>,
to E, in European solmization, but to the third tone of any scale in
the American system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*a"mis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Miami</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians that formerly occupied the country between the Wabash and
Maumee rivers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*ar"gy*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; less +
&?; silver. So called because it contains less silver than some
kindred ore.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of an iron-black color,
and very sectile, consisting principally of sulphur, antimony, and
silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malayan.] <def>The
orang-outang.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*asc"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from
<i>Miask</i>, in the Ural Mountains.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A granitoid
rock containing feldspar, biotite, el&aelig;olite, and
sodalite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"asm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>miasme</i>.]
<def>Miasma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*as"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Miasmata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; defilement, fr. &?;
to pollute.] <def>Infectious particles or germs floating in the air;
air made noxious by the presence of such particles or germs; noxious
effluvia; malaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*as"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
miasma; miasmatic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi`as*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mi`as*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>miasmatique</i>.] <def>Containing, or
relating to, miasma; caused by miasma; as, <i>miasmatic</i>
diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*as"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has
made a special study of miasma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`as*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Miasma</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>That department of medical science which treats
of miasma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*aul"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Miauled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Miauling</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>miauler</i>, of imitative origin, and E.
<i>mew</i>.  Cf. <u>Mewl</u>.] <def>To cry as a cat; to mew; to
caterwaul.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi*aul"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The crying of a
cat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mica</i> crumb,
grain, particle; cf. F. <i>mica</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The name of
a group of minerals characterized by highly perfect cleavage, so that
they readily separate into very thin leaves, more or less elastic.
They differ widely in composition, and vary in color from pale brown
or yellow to green or black. The transparent forms are used in
lanterns, the doors of stoves, etc., being popularly called
<i>isinglass</i>. Formerly called also <i>cat-silver</i>, and
<i>glimmer</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The important species of the <i>mica group</i> are:
<i>muscovite</i>, common or potash mica, pale brown or green, often
silvery, including <i>damourite</i> (also called <i>hydromica</i>);
<i>biotite</i>, iron-magnesia mica, dark brown, green, or black;
<i>lepidomelane</i>, iron, mica, black; <i>phlogopite</i>, magnesia
mica, colorless, yellow, brown; <i>lepidolite</i>, lithia mica, rose-
red, lilac.</p>

<p>    <i>Mica</i> (usually muscovite, also biotite) is an essential
constituent of granite, gneiss, and mica slate; <i>biotite</i> is
common in many eruptive rocks; <i>phlogopite</i> in crystalline
limestone and serpentine.</p>

<p><col><b>Mica diorite</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>an eruptive rock
allied to diorite but containing mica (biotite) instead of
hornblende.</cd> -- <col><b>Mica powder</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
dynamite containing fine scales of mica.</cd> -- <col><b>Mica
schist</b></col>, <col><b>Mica slate</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a
schistose rock, consisting of mica and quartz with, usually, some
feldspar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mi*ca`ce*o-cal*ca"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Partaking of the nature of, or consisting of,
mica and lime; -- applied to a mica schist containing carbonate of
lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*ca"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>micac&eacute;</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or containing, mica;
splitting into lamin&aelig; or leaves like mica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><pos><i>pl</i></pos>
of <u>Mouse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi*cel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Micell&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>mica</i> a
morsel, grain.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A theoretical aggregation of
molecules constituting a structural particle of protoplasm, capable
of increase or diminution without change in chemical
nature.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mich</hw>, <hw>Miche</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>michen</i>; cf. OE. <i>muchier</i>, <i>mucier</i>, to
conceal, F. <i>musser</i>, and OHG. <i>m&umacr;hhen</i> to waylay.
Cf. <u>Micher</u>, <u>Curmudgeon</u>, <u>Muset</u>.] <def>To lie hid;
to skulk; to act, or carry one's self, sneakingly.</def> [Obs. or
Colloq.] [Written also <i>meach</i> and <i>meech</i>.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mich"ael*mas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Michael</i> +
<i>mass</i> religious service; OE. <i>Mighelmesse</i>.] <def>The
feast of the archangel Michael, a church festival, celebrated on the
29th of September. Hence, colloquially, autumn.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Michaelmas daisy</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Daisy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mich"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>michare</i>,
<i>muchare</i>. See <u>Mich</u>.] <def>One who skulks, or keeps out
of sight; hence, a truant; an idler; a thief, etc.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mich"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Theft;
cheating.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mich"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hiding; skulking;
cowardly.</def> [Colloq.] [Written also <i>meaching</i> and
<i>meeching</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 921 !></p>

<p><hw>Mic"kle</hw> (m&ibreve;k"k'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>mikel</i>, <i>muchel</i>, <i>mochel</i>, <i>mukel</i>, AS.
<i>micel</i>, <i>mycel</i>; akin to OS. <i>mikil</i>, OHG.
<i>mihil</i>, <i>mihhil</i>, Icel. <i>mikill</i>, <i>mykill</i>,
Goth. <i>mikils</i>, L. <i>magnus</i>, Gr. <grk>me`gas</grk>, gen.
<grk>mega`loy</grk>; cf. Skr. <i>mahat</i>. &radic;103.  Cf.
<u>Much</u>, <u>Muckle</u>, <u>Magnitude</u>.] <def>Much;
great.</def> [Written also <i>muckle</i> and <i>mockle</i>.] [Old
Eng. &amp; Scot.] "A man of <i>mickle</i> might."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mic"macs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Micmac</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians inhabiting Nova Scotia and New Brunswick.</def> [Written also
<i>Mikmaks</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mi"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. or Pg. <i>mico</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small South American monkey (<i>Mico
melanurus</i>), allied to the marmoset. The name was originally
applied to an albino variety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cra*cous"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Microustic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi*cras"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>mikro`s</grk> small + &?; star.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus
of sea urchins, similar to Spatangus, abounding in the chalk
formation; -- from the starlike disposal of the ambulacral
furrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cren*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), [<i>Micr-</i> + Gr. &?; brain.]
<def>Having a small brain.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi"cro-</hw> (?), <hw>Mi"cr-</hw>  }. [Gr.
<grk>mikro`s</grk> small.] <def>A combining form</def> signifying:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def><i>Small</i>, <i>little</i>, <i>trivial</i>,
<i>slight</i>; as, <i>micro</i>cosm, <i>micro</i>scope.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Metric System, Elec., Mech., etc.)</i>
<def><i>A millionth part of</i>; as, <i>micro</i>farad,
<i>micro</i>ohm, <i>micro</i>meter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*am`p&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Micr-</i> + <i>amp&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>One of the
smaller measures of electrical currents; the millionth part of one
amp&egrave;re.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`cro*bac*te"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Micro-</u>, and <u>Bacterium</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>In the
classification of Cohn, one of the four tribes of Bacteria.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this classification bacteria are divided into four
tribes: 1. <i>Spherobacteria</i>, or spherical bacteria, as the genus
<i>Micrococcus</i>. 2. <i>Microbacteria</i>, or bacteria in the form
of short rods, including the genus <i>Bacterium</i>. 3.
<i>Desmobacteria</i>, or bacteria in straight filaments, of which the
genus <i>Bacillus</i> is a type. 4. <i>Spirobacteria</i>, or bacteria
in spiral filaments, as the genus <i>Vibrio</i>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi"crobe</hw> (?), <hw>||Mi*cro"bi*on</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>microbion</i>, fr. Gr. &?; little + &?;
life.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A microscopic organism; -- particularly
applied to bacteria and especially to pathogenic forms; as, the
<i>microbe</i> of fowl cholera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*cro"bi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or caused by, microbes; as, the
<i>microbian</i> theory; a <i>microbian</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*crob"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a microbe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*crob"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Microbe</i>
+ L. <i>caedere</i> to kill.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Any agent
detrimental to, or destructive of, the life of microbes or bacterial
organisms.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi`cro*ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mi`cro*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> + <i>cephalic</i>,
<i>cephalous</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having a small head; having
the cranial cavity small; -- opposed to
<i>megacephalic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro-chem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to micro-chemistry; as, a <i>micro-chemical</i>
test.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro-chem"is*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-
</i> + <i>chemistry</i>.] <def>The application of chemical tests to
minute objects or portions of matter, magnified by the use of the
microscopy; -- distinguished from <i>macro-chemistry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*chro*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
chronoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*cline</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
Gr. &?; to incline.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of the feldspar
group, like orthoclase or common feldspar in composition, but
triclinic in form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*coc"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to micrococci; caused by micrococci.</def>
<i>Nature.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`cro*coc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Micrococci</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Micro-</u>, and
<u>Coccus</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A genus of <i>Spherobacteria</i>,
in the form of very small globular or oval cells, forming, by
transverse division, filaments, or chains of cells, or in some cases
single organisms shaped like dumb-bells (<i>Diplococcus</i>), all
without the power of motion. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Ascoccus</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Physiologically, micrococci are divided into three groups;
<i>chromogenic</i>, characterized by their power of forming pigment;
<i>zymogenic</i>, including those associated with definite chemical
processes; and <i>pathogenic</i>, those connected with disease.</p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*cosm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>microcosme</i>, L. <i>microcosmus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>mikro`s</grk>
small + <grk>ko`smos</grk> the world.] <def>A little world; a
miniature universe. Hence (so called by Paracelsus), a man, as a
supposed epitome of the exterior universe or great world. Opposed to
<i>macrocosm</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi`cro*cos"mic</hw> (?), <hw>Mi`cro*cos"mic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>microcosmique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the microcosm.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Microcosmic salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white
crystalline substance obtained by mixing solutions of sodium
phosphate and ammonium phosphate, and also called <i>hydric-sodic-
ammonic-phosphate</i>. It is a powerful flux, and is used as a
substitute for borax as a blowpipe reagent in testing for the
metallic oxides. Originally obtained by the alchemists from human
urine, and called <i>sal microcosmicum</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*cos*mog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Microcosm</i> + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>Description of man as a
microcosm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*cou`lomb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i>
+ <i>coulomb</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A measure of electrical
quantity; the millionth part of one coulomb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*cous"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i>
+ <i>acoustic</i>: cf. F. <i>microcoustique</i>,
<i>micracoustique</i>.] <def>Pertaining, or suited, to the audition
of small sounds; fitted to assist hearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*cous"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
for making faint sounds audible, as to a partially deaf
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*crith"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>crith</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The weight of the half hydrogen
molecule, or of the hydrogen atom, taken as the standard in comparing
the atomic weights of the elements; thus, an atom of oxygen weighs
sixteen <i>microcriths</i>. See <u>Crith</u>.</def>  <i>J. P.
Cooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*crys"tal*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-
</i> + <i>crystalline</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Crystalline on
a fine, or microscopic, scale; consisting of fine crystals; as, the
ground mass of certain porphyrics is
<i>microcrystalline</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*cyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
Gr. &?; a hollow vessel.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>One of the
elementary granules found in blood. They are much smaller than an
ordinary corpuscle, and are particularly noticeable in disease, as in
an&aelig;mia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mic"ro*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Micr-</i> + Gr.
<grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having small teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*far"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>farad</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The millionth part of a
farad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>form</i>, n.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A microscopic form of life; an
animal or vegetable organism of microscopic size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro-ge`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to micro-geology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro-ge*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-
</i> + <i>geology</i>.] <def>The part of geology relating to
structure and organisms which require to be studied with a
microscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Micrography</u>.] <def>An instrument for executing minute writing
or engraving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to micrography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*crog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>micrographie</i>.] <def>The description of
microscopic objects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*crohm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micr-</i> +
<i>ohm</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The millionth part of an
ohm.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`cro*lep`i*dop"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>Micro-</u>, and <u>Lepidoptera</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A tribe of Lepidoptera, including a vast number of minute
species, as the plume moth, clothes moth, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`cro*les"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>mikro`s</grk> small + &?; a robber.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An
extinct genus of small Triassic mammals, the oldest yet found in
European strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rare mineral of resinous luster and high
specific gravity. It is a tantalate of calcium, and occurs in
octahedral crystals usually very minute.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A minute inclosed crystal,
often observed when minerals or rocks are examined in thin sections
under the microscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*lith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>lith</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Microlite</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*lith"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed of
small stones.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi`cro*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mi`cro*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to micrology; very minute;
as, <i>micrologic</i> examination.</def> --
<wf>Mi`cro*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mi*crol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part of science which treats of
microscopic objects, or depends on microscopic observation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attention to petty items or
differences.</def>  <i>W. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>-mere</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the smaller cells, or
blastomeres, resulting from the complete segmentation of a
telolecithal ovum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*crom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>microm&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument,
used with a telescope or microscope, for measuring minute distances,
or the apparent diameters of objects which subtend minute angles. The
measurement given directly is that of the image of the object formed
at the focus of the object glass.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Circular, or Ring</b></col>, <col><b>micrometer</b></col>,
<cd>a metallic ring fixed in the focus of the object glass of a
telescope, and used to determine differences of right ascension and
declination between stars by observations of the times at which the
stars cross the inner or outer periphery of the ring.</cd> --
<col><b>Double image micrometer</b></col>, <cd>a micrometer in which
two images of an object are formed in the field, usually by the two
halves of a bisected lens which are movable along their line of
section by a screw, and distances are determined by the number of
screw revolutions necessary to bring the points to be measured into
optical coincidence. When the two images are formed by a bisected
object glass, it is called a <i>divided-object-glass micrometer</i>,
and when the instrument is large and equatorially mounted, it is
known as a <i>heliometer</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Double refraction
micrometer</b></col>, <cd>a species of double image micrometer, in
which the two images are formed by the double refraction of rock
crystal.</cd> -- <col><b>Filar, or Bifilar</b></col>,
<col><b>micrometer</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bifilar</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Micrometer</b></col> <col><b>caliper or gauge</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a caliper or gauge with a micrometer screw, for
measuring dimensions with great accuracy.</cd> -- <col><b>Micrometer
head</b></col>, <cd>the head of a micrometer screw.</cd> --
<col><b>Micrometer microscope</b></col>, <cd>a compound microscope
combined with a filar micrometer, used chiefly for reading and
subdividing the divisions of large astronomical and geodetical
instruments.</cd> -- <col><b>Micrometer screw</b></col>, <cd>a screw
with a graduated head used in some forms of micrometers.</cd> --
<col><b>Position micrometer</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Position</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scale</b></col>, or
<col><b>Linear</b></col>, <col><b>micrometer</b></col>, <cd>a minute
and very delicately graduated scale of equal parts used in the field
of a telescope or microscope, for measuring distances by direct
comparison.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi`cro*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Mi`cro*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>microm&eacute;trique</i>.]
<def>Belonging to micrometry; made by the micrometer.</def> --
<wf>Mi`cro*met"ric*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mi*crom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
measuring with a micrometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*mil"li*me`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-
</i> + <i>millimeter</i>.] <def>The millionth part of a
meter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mic"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>mikro`s</grk> small.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A measure of length;
the thousandth part of one millimeter; the millionth part of a
meter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*ne"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Micronesia</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>mikro`s</grk> small +
<grk>nh^sos</grk> an island.] <def>Of or pertaining to Micronesia, a
collective designation of the islands in the western part of the
Pacific Ocean, embracing the Marshall and Gilbert groups, the
Ladrones, the Carolines, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*ne"sians</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Micronesian</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A dark race
inhabiting the Micronesian Islands. They are supposed to be a mixed
race, derived from Polynesians and Papuans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i>
+ chro<i>nometer</i>.] <def>An instrument for noting minute portions
of time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*&ouml;r"gan*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Micro-</i> + <i>organism</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Any
microscopic form of life; -- particularly applied to bacteria and
similar organisms, esp. such are supposed to cause infectious
diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*pan"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-
</i> + <i>pantograph</i>.] <def>A kind of pantograph which produces
copies microscopically minute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*peg"ma*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-
</i> + <i>pegmatite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A rock showing under the
microscope the structure of a graphic granite (pegmatite).</def> --
<wf>Mi`cro*peg`ma*tit"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
Gr. &?; sound, voice: cf. F. <i>microphone</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>An instrument for intensifying and making audible very feeble
sounds. It produces its effects by the changes of intensity in an
electric current, occasioned by the variations in the contact
resistance of conducting bodies, especially of imperfect conductors,
under the action of acoustic vibrations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*phon"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Microphone</u>.] <def>The science which treats of the means of
increasing the intensity of low or weak sounds, or of the
microphone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*croph"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
augment the intensity of weak sounds; microcoustic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*pho"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-
</i> + <i>photograph</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A microscopically small photograph of a
picture, writing, printed page, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An enlarged representation of a
microscopic object, produced by throwing upon a sensitive plate the
magnified image of an object formed by a microscope or other suitable
combination of lenses.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A picture of this kind is preferably called a
<i>photomicrograph</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*pho*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
art of making microphotographs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi`croph*thal"mi*a</hw> (?), <hw>Mi`croph*thal"my</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> + Gr. <grk>'ofqalmo`s</grk>
eye.] <def>An unnatural smallness of the eyes, occurring as the
result of disease or of imperfect development.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*croph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>fy`llon</grk> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Small-
leaved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*croph"y*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or of the nature of, microphytes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
Gr. &?; a plant: cf. F. <i>microphyte</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A very
minute plant, one of certain unicellular alg&aelig;, such as the
germs of various infectious diseases are believed to be.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*pyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
Gr. &?; gate, orifice: cf. F. <i>micropyle</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An opening in the membranes surrounding the
ovum, by which nutrition is assisted and the entrance of the
spermatozoa permitted.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An opening in
the outer coat of a seed, through which the fecundating pollen enters
the ovule.</def> -- <wf>Mi*crop"y*lar</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mi*cros"co*pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to microscopy, or to the use of the microscope.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <def>An optical instrument, consisting of a lens, or
combination of lenses, for making an enlarged image of an object
which is too minute to be viewed by the naked eye.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Compound microscope</b></col>, <cd>an instrument
consisting of a combination of lenses such that the image formed by
the lens or set of lenses nearest the object (called the
<i>objective</i>) is magnified by another lens called the
<i>ocular</i> or <i>eyepiece</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Oxyhydrogen
microscope</b></col>, and <col><b>Solar microscope</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Oxyhydrogen</u>, and <u>Solar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Simple,
or Single</b></col>, <col><b>microscope</b></col>, <cd>a single
convex lens used to magnify objects placed in its focus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*sco"pi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Microscopic.</def> [R.]  <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi`cro*scop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mi`cro*scop"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>microscopique</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the microscope or to
microscopy; made with a microscope; as, <i>microscopic</i>
observation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Able to see extremely minute
objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why has not man a <i>microscopic</i> eye?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Very small; visible only by the aid of a
microscope; as, a <i>microscopic</i> insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*scop"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By the
microscope; with minute inspection; in a microscopic
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*cros"co*pist</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in, or given to, microscopy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*cros"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use of
the microscope; investigation with the microscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*seme</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
Gr. &?; sign, mark: cf. F. <i>micros&egrave;me</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having the orbital index relatively small; having the orbits
broad transversely; -- opposed to <i>megaseme</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 922 !></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*spec"tro*scope</hw>
(m&imacr;`kr&osl;*sp&ebreve;k"tr&osl;*sk&omacr;p <i>or</i>
m&ibreve;`kr&osl;-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>spectroscope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A spectroscope arranged
for attachment to a microscope, for observation of the spectrum of
light from minute portions of any substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`cro*spo*ran"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Micro-</u>, and <u>Sporangium</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
sporangium or conceptacle containing only very minute spores.  Cf.
<u>Macrosporangium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the exceedingly minute
spores found in certain flowerless plants, as <i>Selaginella</i> and
<i>Isoetes</i>, which bear two kinds of spores, one very much smaller
than the other.  Cf. <u>Macrospore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*spor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to microspores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*sthene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
Gr. <grk>sqe`nos</grk> might, strength.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of a group of mammals having a small size as a typical
characteristic. It includes the lower orders, as the
<i>Insectivora</i>, <i>Cheiroptera</i>, <i>Rodentia</i>, and
<i>Edentata</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*sthen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a typically small size; of or
pertaining to the microsthenes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*ta*sim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-
</i> + <i>tasimeter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A tasimeter,
especially when arranged for measuring very small extensions. See
<u>Tasimeter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
Gr. <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.] <def>An instrument for making very
thin sections for microscopical examination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*crot"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
skilled in or practices microtomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*crot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
using the microtome; investigation carried on with the
microtome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*volt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>volt</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A measure of electro-motive force;
the millionth part of one volt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*we"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>weber</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The millionth part of one
weber.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`cro*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>mikro`s</grk> small + <grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Infusoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*zo"&ouml;*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Micro-</i> + <i>zo&ouml;spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small
motile spore furnished with two vibratile cilia, found in certain
green alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*zyme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Micro-</i> +
Gr. <grk>zy`mh</grk> leaven.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
micro&ouml;rganism which is supposed to act like a ferment in causing
or propagating certain infectious or contagious diseases; a
pathogenic bacterial organism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mic`tu*ri"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>micturire</i> to desire to make water, v. desid. fr.
<i>mingere</i>, <i>mictum</i>, to make water.] <def>The act of
voiding urine; also, a morbidly frequent passing of the urine, in
consequence of disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid</hw> (m&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <i>wanting</i>; <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Midmost</u>.] [AS. <i>midd</i>; akin to OS. <i>middi</i>, D.
<i>mid</i> (in comp.), OHG. <i>mitti</i>, Icel. <i>mi&eth;r</i>,
Goth. <i>midjis</i>, L. <i>medius</i>, Gr. <grk>me`sos</grk>, Skr.
<i>madhya</i>. &radic;271.  Cf. <u>Amid</u>, <u>Middle</u>,
<u>Midst</u>, <u>Mean</u>, <u>Mediate</u>, <u>Meridian</u>,
<u>Mizzen</u>, <u>Moiety</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Denoting the middle part; as, in
<i>mid</i> ocean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No more the mounting larks, while Daphne sings,<BR>
Shall list'ning in <i>mid</i> air suspend their wings.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Occupying a middle position; middle; as,
the <i>mid</i> finger; the <i>mid</i> hour of night.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Made with a somewhat
elevated position of some certain part of the tongue, in relation to
the palate; midway between the <i>high</i> and the <i>low</i>; --
said of certain vowel sounds; as, &amacr; (&amacr;le), &ebreve;
(&ebreve;ll), &omacr; (&omacr;ld). See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>,
&sect;&sect; 10, 11.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Mid</i> is much used as a prefix, or combining form,
denoting the <i>middle</i> or <i>middle part</i> of a thing; as,
<i>mid</i>-air, <i>mid</i>-channel, <i>mid</i>-age, <i>mid</i>day,
<i>mid</i>land, etc. Also, specifically, in geometry, to denote a
circle inscribed in a triangle (a <i>mid</i>circle), or relation to
such a circle; as, <i>mid</i>-center, <i>mid</i>radius.</p>

<p><hw>Mid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Middle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>About the <i>mid</i> of night come to my
tent.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Amid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a destructive
insect in pulse.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva of the bean
fly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"das</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from L.
<i>Midas</i>, a man fabled to have had ass's ears.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of longeared South American monkeys,
including numerous species of marmosets. See
<u>Marmoset</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"das's ear"</hw> (?). [See <u>Midas</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A pulmonate mollusk (<i>Auricula, or
Ellobium, aurismid&aelig;</i>); -- so called from resemblance to a
human ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"brain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mid</i>, a. +
<i>brain</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The middle segment of the brain;
the mesencephalon. See <u>Brain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>midd&aelig;g</i>. See <u>Mid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
<u>Day</u>.] <def>The middle part of the day; noon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"day`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
noon; meridional; as, the <i>midday</i> sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>midding</i>.]
[Cf. Dan. <i>m&ouml;gdynge</i>, E. <i>muck</i>, and <i>dung</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dunghill.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An accumulation of refuse about a dwelling
place; especially, an accumulation of shells or of cinders, bones,
and other refuse on the supposed site of the dwelling places of
prehistoric tribes, -- as on the shores of the Baltic Sea and in many
other places. See <u>Kitchen middens</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"den crow"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
European crow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mid"dest</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>;
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of <u>Mid</u>. [See <u>Midst</u>.]
<def>Situated most nearly in the middle; middlemost; midmost.</def>
[Obs.] " 'Mongst the <i>middest</i> crowd."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"dest</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Midst; middle.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Midden</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"dle</hw> (-d'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>middel</i>,
AS. <i>middel</i>; akin to D. <i>middel</i>, OHG. <i>muttil</i>, G.
<i>mittel</i>.  &radic;271. See <u>Mid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Equally distant from the extreme either of
a number of things or of one thing; mean; medial; as, the
<i>middle</i> house in a row; a <i>middle</i> rank or station in
life; flowers of <i>middle</i> summer; men of <i>middle</i>
age.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intermediate; intervening.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will, seeking good, finds many <i>middle</i>
ends.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Middle</i> is sometimes used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>middle</i>-sized, <i>middle</i>-
witted.</p>

<p><col><b>Middle Ages</b></col>, <cd>the period of time intervening
between the decline of the Roman Empire and the revival of letters.
Hallam regards it as beginning with the sixth and ending with the
fifteenth century.</cd> -- <col><b>Middle class</b></col>, <cd>in
England, people who have an intermediate position between the
aristocracy and the artisan class. It includes professional men,
bankers, merchants, and small landed proprietors</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>middle-class</i> electorate of Great
Britain.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Middle distance</b></col>. <i>(Paint.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Middle-ground</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Middle English</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>English</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> --
<col><b>Middle Kingdom</b></col>, <cd>China.</cd> -- <col><b>Middle
oil</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>that part of the distillate
obtained from coal tar which passes over between 170&deg; and
230&deg; Centigrade; -- distinguished from the <i>light</i>, and the
<i>heavy</i> or <i>dead</i>, <i>oil</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Middle
passage</b></col>, <cd>in the slave trade, that part of the Atlantic
Ocean between Africa and the West Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Middle
post</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>King-post</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Middle States</b></col>, <cd>New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, and Delaware; which, at the time of the formation of
the Union, occupied a middle position between the Eastern States (or
New England) and the Southern States.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Middle
term</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>that term of a syllogism with
which the two extremes are separately compared, and by means of which
they are brought together in the conclusion.</cd> <i>Brande.</i> --
<col><b>Middle tint</b></col> <i>(Paint.)</i>, <cd>a subdued or
neutral tint.</cd> <i>Fairholt.</i> -- <col><b>Middle
voice</b></col>. <i>(Gram.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Voice</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Middle watch</b></col>, <cd>the period from midnight to four
<u>A. M.</u></cd>; also, <cd>the men on watch during that time.</cd>
<i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i> -- <col><b>Middle weight</b></col>, <cd>a
pugilist, boxer, or wrestler classed as of medium weight, <i>i.
e.</i>, over 140 and not over 160 lbs., in distinction from those
classed as <i>light weights</i>, <i>heavy weights</i>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mid"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>middel</i>. See
<u>Middle</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The point or part equally
distant from the extremities or exterior limits, as of a line, a
surface, or a solid; an intervening point or part in space, time, or
order of series; the midst; central portion</def>; specif., <def>the
waist.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i> "The <i>middle</i> of the land."
<i>Judg. ix. 37.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In this, as in most questions of state, there is a
<i>middle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Midst</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mid"dle-age`</hw> (?), [<i>Middle</i> + <i>age</i>.  Cf.
<u>Medi&aelig;val</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Middle Ages;
medi&aelig;val.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"dle-aged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being about
the middle of the ordinary age of man; between 30 and 50 years
old.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"dle-earth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The world,
considered as lying between heaven and hell.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"dle-ground`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paint.)</i>
<def>That part of a picture between the foreground and the
background.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"dle*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Middlemen</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An agent between two parties; a broker; a
go-between; any dealer between the producer and the consumer; in
Ireland, one who takes land of the proprietors in large tracts, and
then rents it out in small portions to the peasantry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person of intermediate rank; a
commoner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The man who occupies a
central position in a file of soldiers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"dle*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Midmost</u>.] <def>Being in the middle, or nearest the middle;
midmost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a middle
or intermediate class in some schools and seminaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"dling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of middle rank,
state, size, or quality; about equally distant from the extremes;
medium; moderate; mediocre; ordinary.</def> "A town of but
<i>middling</i> size."  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Plainly furnished, as beseemed the <i>middling</i>
circumstances of its inhabitants.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Mid"dling*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mid"dling*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mid"dlings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A combination of the coarser parts of ground
wheat the finest bran, separated from the fine flour and coarse bran
in bolting; -- formerly regarded as valuable only for feed; but now,
after separation of the bran, used for making the best quality of
flour. <i>Middlings</i> contain a large proportion of
gluten.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the southern and western parts of the
United States, the portion of the hog between the ham and the
shoulder; bacon; -- called also <i>middles</i>.</def>
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Middies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A colloquial abbreviation of
<i>midshipman</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"feath`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Steam Boilers)</i> <def>A vertical water space in a fire box or
combustion chamber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A support for the center
of a tunnel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"gard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>mi&eth;gar&eth;r</i>.] <i>(Scand. Myth.)</i> <def>The middle space
or region between heaven and hell; the abode of human beings; the
earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Midge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>migge</i>, AS.
<i>mycge</i>; akin to OS. <i>muggia</i>, D. <i>mug</i>, G.
<i>m&uuml;cke</i>, OHG. <i>mucca</i>, Icel. <i>m&?;</i>, Sw.
<i>mygga</i>, <i>mygg</i>, Dan. <i>myg</i>; perh. named from its
buzzing; cf. Gr. &?; to low, bellow.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any one of many small, delicate, long-
legged flies of the <i>Chironomus</i>, and allied genera, which do
not bite. Their larv&aelig; are usually aquatic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A very small fly, abundant in many parts
of the United States and Canada, noted for the irritating quality of
its bite.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to various other small flies. See
<i>Wheat midge</i>, under <u>Wheat</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Midg"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>midge</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A minute bloodsucking
fly.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A very diminutive person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"gut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mid</i>, a. +
<i>gut</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The middle part of the alimentary
canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or
including, the large intestine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"heav`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The midst or middle of heaven or the sky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The meridian, or middle
line of the heavens; the point of the ecliptic on the
meridian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being in the interior country; distant from the coast or
seashore; as, <i>midland</i> towns or inhabitants.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Surrounded by the land;
mediterranean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And on the <i>midland</i> sea the French had
awed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The interior or
central region of a country; -- usually in the plural.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"main`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The middle part
of the main or sea.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>middemiste</i>.  Cf. <u>Foremost</u>.] <def>Middle;
middlemost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere night's <i>midmost</i>, stillest hour was
past.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"night`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>midniht</i>.] <def>The middle of the night; twelve o'clock at
night.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The iron tongue of <i>midnight</i> hath told
twelve.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"night`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in, or
characteristic of, the middle of the night; as, <i>midnight</i>
studies; <i>midnight</i> gloom.</def> "<i>Midnight</i> shout and
revelry."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mid*rash"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Midrashim</b></plw> (#), <plw><b>Midrashoth</b></plw> (#).
[Heb., explanation.] <def>A talmudic exposition of the Hebrew law, or
of some part of it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"rib`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
continuation of the petiole, extending from the base to the apex of
the lamina of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"riff</hw> (m&ibreve;d"r&ibreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>midhrif</i>; <i>midd</i> mid, middle + <i>hrif</i> bowels,
womb; akin to OFries. <i>midref</i> midriff, <i>rif</i>, <i>ref</i>,
belly, OHG. <i>href</i> body, and to L. <i>corpus</i> body. See
<u>Corpse</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Diaphragm</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Smote him into the <i>midriff</i> with a
stone.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>
{ <hw>Mid" sea"</hw>, or <hw>Mid"-sea"</hw> (?) }. <def>The middle
part of the sea or ocean.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The Mid-sea</b></col>, <cd>the Mediterranean Sea.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mid"ship`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to,
or being in, the middle of a ship.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Midship beam</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the beam or
timber upon which the broadest part of a vessel is formed.</cd> --
<col><b>Midship bend</b></col>, <cd>the broadest frame in a
vessel.</cd> <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"ship`man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Midshipmen</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, a kind of
naval cadet, in a ship of war, whose business was to carry orders,
messages, reports, etc., between the officers of the quarter-deck and
those of the forecastle, and render other services as required.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In the English naval service, the second
rank attained by a combatant officer after a term of service as naval
cadet. Having served three and a half years in this rank, and passed
an examination, he is eligible to promotion to the rank of
lieutenant.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In the United States navy,
the lowest grade of officers in line of promotion, being graduates of
the Naval Academy awaiting promotion to the rank of ensign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American marine
fish of the genus <i>Porichthys</i>, allied to the
toadfish.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cadet midshipman</b></col>, <cd>formerly a title
distinguishing a cadet line officer from a cadet engineer at the U.
S. Naval Academy. See under <u>Cadet</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cadet
midshipman</b></col>, <cd>formerly, a naval cadet who had served his
time, passed his examinations, and was awaiting promotion; -- now
called, in the United States, <i>midshipman</i>; in England,
<i>sublieutenant</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mid"ships`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [For
<i>amidships</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>In the middle of a ship; --
properly <i>amidships</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"ships`</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The timbers at the broadest part of the vessel.</def>  <i>R. H.
Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Midst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>middest</i>,
<i>in the middest</i>, for older <i>in middes</i>, where <i>-s</i> is
adverbial (orig. forming a genitive), or still older <i>a midde</i>,
<i>a midden</i>, <i>on midden</i>. See <u>Mid</u>, and cf.
<u>Amidst</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The interior or central part or place; the
middle; -- used chiefly in the objective case after <i>in</i>; as, in
the <i>midst</i> of the forest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And when the devil had thrown him in the <i>midst</i>,
he came out of him.</blockquote> <i>Luke iv. 35.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is nothing . . . in the <i>midst</i> [of the
play] which might not have been placed in the beginning.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively, the condition of
being surrounded or beset; the press; the burden; as, in the
<i>midst</i> of official duties; in the <i>midst</i> of secular
affairs.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The expressions <i>in our midst</i>, <i>in their midst</i>,
etc., are avoided by some good writers, the forms <i>in the midst of
us</i>, <i>in the midst of them</i>, etc., being preferred.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Midst</u>, <u>Middle</u>.  <i>Midst</i> in
present usage commonly denotes a part or place surrounded on
enveloped by or among other parts or objects (see <u>Amidst</u>);
while <i>middle</i> is used of the center of length, or surface, or
of a solid, etc. We say in the <i>midst</i> of a thicket; in the
<i>middle</i> of a line, or the <i>middle</i> of a room; in the
<i>midst</i> of darkness; in the <i>middle</i> of the night.</p>

<p><hw>Midst</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>In the midst of;
amidst.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Midst</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the middle.</def>
[R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"sum`mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>midsumor</i>.] <def>The middle of summer.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Midsummer daisy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the oxeye
daisy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mid"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated in the
middle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"ward</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In or toward the
midst.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The middle of the
way or distance; a middle way or course.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Paths indirect, or in the <i>midway</i>
faint.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"way`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in the middle
of the way or distance; as, the <i>midway</i> air.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"way`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the middle of
the way or distance; half way.</def> "She met his glance
<i>midway</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mid"week`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The middle of
the week. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"wife`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Midwives</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>midwif</i>, fr. AS.
<i>mid</i> with (akin to Gr. &?;) + &?; woman, wife. Properly, the
woman or wife who is attendant upon a woman in childbirth. See
<u>Meta-</u>, and <u>Wife</u>.] <def>A woman who assists other women
in childbirth; a female practitioner of the obstetric art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"wife`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To assist in
childbirth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"wife`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform the
office of midwife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"wife`ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or practice of assisting women in
childbirth; obstetrics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Assistance at childbirth; help or
co&ouml;peration in production.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"win`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>midwinter</i>.] <def>The middle of winter.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 923 !></p>

<p><hw>Mid"wive`</hw> (m&ibreve;d"w&ima;cv`), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To midwife.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mien</hw> (m&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mine</i>;
perh. from sane source as <i>mener</i> to lead; cf. E. <i>demean</i>,
<i>menace</i>, <i>mine</i>, n.] <def>Aspect; air; manner; demeanor;
carriage; bearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vice is a monster of so frightful <i>mien</i>,<BR>
As, to be hated, needs but to be seen.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Miff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. G. <i>muff</i>
sullenness, sulkiness, <i>muffen</i> to be silky, <i>muff&iuml;g</i>
sullen, pouting.] <def>A petty falling out; a tiff; a quarrel;
offense.</def>  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Miff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To offend
slightly.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Might</hw> (m&imacr;t), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>May</u>.</def> [AS. <i>meahte</i>, <i>mihte</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Might</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>meaht</i>,
<i>miht</i>, from the root of <i>magan</i> to be able, E. <i>may</i>;
akin to D. <i>magt</i>, OS. <i>maht</i>, G. <i>macht</i>, Icel.
<i>m&amacr;ttr</i>, Goth. <i>mahts</i>. &radic;103. See <u>May</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Force or power of any kind, whether of
body or mind; energy or intensity of purpose, feeling, or action;
means or resources to effect an object; strength; force; power;
ability; capacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What so strong,<BR>
But wanting rest, will also want of <i>might</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thine heart,
and with all thy soul, and with all thy <i>might</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. vi. 5.</i></p>

<p><col><b>With might and main</b></col>. <cd>See under 2d
<u>Main</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Might"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mighty.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Might"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From
<u>Mighty</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a mighty manner; with might; with great
earnestness; vigorously; powerfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereunto I also labor, striving according to his
working, which worketh in me <i>mightily</i>.</blockquote> <i>Col. i.
29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To a great degree; very much.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Practical jokes amused us
<i>mightily</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Might"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being mighty; possession of might; power;
greatness; high dignity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How soon this <i>mightiness</i> meets
misery.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Highness; excellency; -- with a possessive
pronoun, a title of dignity; as, their high
<i>mightinesses</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Might"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without;
weak.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Might"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Mightier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Mightiest</u>.] [AS. <i>meahtig</i>,
<i>mihtig</i>; akin to G. <i>m&auml;chtig</i>, Goth. <i>mahteigs</i>.
See <u>Might</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing might; having great power or
authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wise in heart, and <i>mighty</i> in
strength.</blockquote> <i>Job ix. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accomplished by might; hence,
extraordinary; wonderful.</def> "His <i>mighty</i> works."  <i>Matt.
xi. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Denoting an extraordinary degree or
quality in respect of size, character, importance, consequences,
etc.</def>  "A <i>mighty</i> famine." <i>Luke xv. 14.</i> "Giants of
<i>mighty</i> bone." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mighty</i> was their fuss about little
matters.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Might"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mighties</b></plw> (#). <def>A warrior of great force and
courage.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.]  <i>1 Chron. xi. 12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Might"y</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a great degree;
very.</def> [Colloq.] "He was <i>mighty</i> methodical."
<i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have a <i>mighty</i> pleasant garden.</blockquote>
<i>Doddridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mign"iard</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>mignard</i>,
akin to <i>mignon</i>. See <u>Minion</u>.] <def>Soft; dainty.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mign"iard*ise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mignardise</i>.] <def>Delicate fondling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi"gnon</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See 3d
<u>Minion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"gnon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To flatter.</def>
[R. &amp; Obs.]  <i>Danie&?;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi`gnon*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mignonnette</i>, dim. of <i>mignon</i> darling. See 2d
<u>Minion</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant (<i>Reseda odorata</i>)
having greenish flowers with orange-colored stamens, and exhaling a
delicious fragrance. In Africa it is a low shrub, but further north
it is usually an annual herb.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mignonette pepper</b></col>, <cd>coarse pepper.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mi*graine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Same as
<u>Megrim</u>.</def> -- <wf>Mi*grain"ous</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
</p>

<p><hw>Mi"grant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>migrans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>migrare</i>. See <u>Migrate</u>.] <def>Migratory.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A migratory bird
or other animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Migrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Migrating</u> (?).] [L. <i>migratus</i>, p. p. of <i>migrare</i>
to migrate, transfer.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remove from one country or region to
another, with a view to residence; to change one's place of
residence; to remove; as, the Moors who <i>migrated</i> from Africa
into Spain; to <i>migrate</i> to the West.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass periodically from one region or
climate to another for feeding or breeding; -- said of certain birds,
fishes, and quadrupeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*gra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>migratio</i>: cf. F. <i>migration</i>.] <def>The act of
migrating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"gra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>migratoire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Removing regularly or occasionally from
one region or climate to another; as, <i>migratory</i>
birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, roving; wandering; nomad; as,
<i>migratory</i> habits; a <i>migratory</i> life.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Migratory locust</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Locust</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Migratory thrush</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the American robin. See
<u>Robin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mi*ka"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap.] <def>The
popular designation of the hereditary sovereign of Japan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mik"maks</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Micmacs</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mileage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil`an*ese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Milan in Italy, or to its inhabitants.</def> --
<pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Milan; people of Milan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>milche</i>; akin
to G. <i>melk</i>, Icel. <i>milkr</i>, <i>mj&omacr;lkr</i>, and to E.
<i>milk</i>. See <u>Milk</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Giving milk; -- now applied only to
beasts.</def> "<i>Milch</i> camels." <i>Gen. xxxii.</i> "<i>Milch</i>
kine." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tender; pitiful; weeping.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mild</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Milder</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Mildest</u>.] [AS.
<i>milde</i>; akin to OS. <i>mildi</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>mild</i>, OHG.
<i>milti</i>, Icel. <i>mildr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>mild</i>, Goth.
<i>milds</i>; cf. Lith. <i>melas</i> dear, Gr. &?; gladdening gifts.]
<def>Gentle; pleasant; kind; soft; bland; clement; hence, moderate in
degree or quality; -- the opposite of <i>harsh</i>, <i>severe</i>,
<i>irritating</i>, <i>violent</i>, <i>disagreeable</i>, etc.; --
applied to persons and things; as, a <i>mild</i> disposition; a
<i>mild</i> eye; a <i>mild</i> air; a <i>mild</i> medicine; a
<i>mild</i> insanity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rosy morn resigns her light<BR>
And <i>milder</i> glory to the noon.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Adore him as a <i>mild</i> and merciful
Being.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mild</b></col>, or <col><b>Low</b></col>,
<col><b>steel</b></col>, <cd>steel that has but little carbon in it
and is not readily hardened.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Soft; gentle; bland; calm; tranquil; soothing;
pleasant; placid; meek; kind; tender; indulgent; clement; mollifying;
lenitive; assuasive. See <u>Gentle</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mild"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make mild,
or milder.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mil"dew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>melede&aacute;w</i>; akin to OHG. <i>militou</i>, G.
<i>mehlthau</i>, <i>mehltau</i>; prob. orig. meaning, honeydew; cf.
Goth. <i>milip</i> honey. See <u>Mellifluous</u>, and <u>Dew</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A growth of minute powdery or webby fungi, whitish
or of different colors, found on various diseased or decaying
substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"dew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mildewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mildewing</u>.] <def>To taint with mildew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . <i>mildews</i> the white wheat.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mil"dew</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become tainted
with mildew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mild"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a mild
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mild"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being mild; as, <i>mildness</i> of temper; the <i>mildness</i> of
the winter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>m&imacr;l</i>, fr.
L. <i>millia</i>, <i>milia</i>; pl. of <i>mille</i> a thousand, i.
e., <i>milia passuum</i> a thousand paces.  Cf. <u>Mill</u> the tenth
of a cent, <u>Million</u>.] <def>A certain measure of distance, being
equivalent in England and the United States to 320 poles or rods, or
5,280 feet.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The distance called a <i>mile</i> varies greatly in
different countries. Its length in yards is, in Norway, 12,182; in
Brunswick, 11,816; in Sweden, 11,660; in Hungary, 9,139; in
Switzerland, 8,548; in Austria, 8,297; in Prussia, 8,238; in Poland,
8,100; in Italy, 2,025; in England and the United States, 1,760; in
Spain, 1,552; in the Netherlands, 1,094.</p>

<p><col><b>Geographical</b></col>, or <col><b>Nautical
mile</b></col>, <cd>one sixtieth of a degree of a great circle of the
earth, or 6080.27 feet.</cd> -- <col><b>Mile run</b></col>. <cd>Same
as <i>Train mile</i>. See under <u>Train</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Roman
mile</b></col>, <cd>a thousand paces, equal to 1,614 yards English
measure.</cd> -- <col><b>Statute mile</b></col>, <cd>a mile
conforming to statute, that is, in England and the United States, a
mile of 5,280 feet, as distinguished from any other mile.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mile"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An allowance for traveling expenses at a certain rate per
mile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Aggregate length or distance in miles;
esp., the sum of lengths of tracks or wires of a railroad company,
telegraph company, etc.</def> [Written also <i>milage</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Constructive mileage</b></col>, <cd>a mileage allowed for
journeys supposed to be made, but not actually made.</cd>
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mile"post`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A post, or one
of a series of posts, set up to indicate spaces of a mile each or the
distance in miles from a given place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*le"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Milesius</i>,
Gr. &?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Geog.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
Miletus, a city of Asia Minor, or to its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Irish Legendary Hist.)</i> <def>Descended
from King Milesius of Spain, whose two sons are said to have
conquered Ireland about 1300 <u>b. c.</u>; or pertaining to the
descendants of King Milesius; hence, Irish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*le"sian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Miletus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Ireland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mile"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone
serving the same purpose as a milepost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"foil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mille-
feuille</i>, L. <i>millefolium</i>; <i>mille</i> thousand +
<i>folium</i> leaf. See <u>Foil</u> a leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
common composite herb (<i>Achillea Millefolium</i>) with white
flowers and finely dissected leaves; yarrow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Water milfoil</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an aquatic herb
with dissected leaves (<i>Myriophyllum</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Mil`i*a"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Miliary</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A fever accompanied by an
eruption of small, isolated, red pimples, resembling a millet seed in
form or size; miliary fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"ia*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>miliarius</i>, fr. <i>milium</i> millet: cf. F.
<i>miliaire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like millet seeds; as, a <i>miliary</i>
eruption.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Accompanied with an eruption
like millet seeds; as, a <i>miliary</i> fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Small and numerous;
as, the <i>miliary</i> tubercles of Echini.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"ia*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the small tubercles of Echini.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`lice"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Militia.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mil"i*o`la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of L.
<i>milium</i> millet. So named from its resemblance to millet seed.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Foraminifera, having a
porcelanous shell with several longitudinal chambers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"i*o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A fossil shell of, or similar to, the genus Miliola.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"i*o*lite</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>The same
<u>Miliolitic</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Miliolite limestone</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a
building stone, one of the group of the Paris basin, almost entirely
made up of many-chambered microscopic shells.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mil`i*o*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the genus Miliola; containing miliolites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"i*tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Militant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being militant;
warfare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A military spirit or system;
militarism.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mil"i*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>militans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>militare</i> to be soldier: cf. F.
<i>militant</i>. See <u>Militate</u>.] <def>Engaged in warfare;
fighting; combating; serving as a soldier.</def> --
<wf>Mil"i*tant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>At which command the powers <i>militant</i> . . .<BR>
Moved on in silence.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Church militant</b></col>, <cd>the Christian church on
earth, which is supposed to be engaged in a constant warfare against
its enemies, and is thus distinguished from the <i>church
triumphant</i>, in heaven.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mil"i*tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Military.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mil"i*ta*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
military manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"i*ta*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>militarisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A military state or condition; reliance on
military force in administering government; a military
system.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The spirit and traditions of military
life.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mil"i*ta*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A military
man.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mil"i*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>militaris</i>, <i>militarius</i>, from <i>miles</i>,
<i>militis</i>, soldier: cf. F. <i>militaire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to soldiers, to arms, or
to war; belonging to, engaged in, or appropriate to, the affairs of
war; as, a <i>military</i> parade; <i>military</i> discipline;
<i>military</i> bravery; <i>military</i> conduct; <i>military</i>
renown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor do I, as an enemy to peace,<BR>
Troop in the throngs of <i>military</i> men.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Performed or made by soldiers; as, a
<i>military</i> election; a <i>military</i> expedition.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Military law</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Martial law</i>, under
<u>Martial</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Military order</b></col>. <i>(a)</i>
<cd>A command proceeding from a military superior.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An association of military persons under a
bond of certain peculiar rules; especially, such an association of
knights in the Middle Ages, or a body in modern times taking a
similar form, membership of which confers some distinction.</cd> --
<col><b>Military tenure</b></col>, <cd>tenure of land, on condition
of performing military service.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mil"i*ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>militaire</i>.] <def>The whole body of soldiers; soldiery;
militia; troops; the army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Militated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Militating</u> (?).] [L. <i>militare</i>,
<i>militatum</i>, to be a soldier, fr. <i>miles</i>, <i>militis</i>,
soldier.] <def>To make war; to fight; to contend; -- usually followed
by <i>against</i> and <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These are great questions, where great names
<i>militate</i> against each other.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The invisible powers of heaven seemed to
<i>militate</i> on the side of the pious emperor.</blockquote>
<i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi*li"tia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., military
service, soldiery, fr. <i>miles</i>, <i>militis</i>, soldier: cf. F.
<i>milice</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the widest sense, the whole military
force of a nation, including both those engaged in military service
as a business, and those competent and available for such service;
specifically, the body of citizens enrolled for military instruction
and discipline, but not subject to be called into actual service
except in emergencies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king's captains and soldiers fight his battles,
and yet . . . the power of the <i>militia</i> is he.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Military service; warfare.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi*li"tia*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Militiamen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who belongs to the
militia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*li"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To carry
on, or prepare for, war.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Milk</hw> (m&ibreve;lk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>meoluc</i>, <i>meoloc</i>, <i>meolc</i>, <i>milc</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>meloc</i>, D. <i>melk</i>, G. <i>milch</i>, OHG.
<i>miluh</i>, Icel. <i>mj&omacr;lk</i>, Sw. <i>mj&ouml;lk</i>, Dan.
<i>melk</i>, Goth. <i>miluks</i>, G. <i>melken</i> to milk, OHG.
<i>melchan</i>, Lith. <i>milszti</i>, L. <i>mulgere</i>, Gr.
<grk>'ame`lgein</grk>. &radic;107.  Cf. <u>Milch</u>,
<u>Emulsion</u>, <u>Milt</u> soft roe of fishes.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A white fluid secreted
by the mammary glands of female mammals for the nourishment of their
young, consisting of minute globules of fat suspended in a solution
of casein, albumin, milk sugar, and inorganic salts.</def> "White as
morne <i>milk</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of juice or sap,
usually white in color, found in certain plants; latex. See
<u>Latex</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An emulsion made by bruising seeds; as,
the <i>milk</i> of almonds, produced by pounding almonds with sugar
and water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ripe, undischarged
spat of an oyster.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Condensed milk</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Condense</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Milk crust</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>vesicular eczema occurring on the face and scalp
of nursing infants. See <u>Eczema</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Milk
fever</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>A fever which
accompanies or precedes the first lactation</cd>. It is usually
transitory. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Vet. Surg.)</i> <cd>A form
puerperal peritonitis in cattle; also, a variety of meningitis
occurring in cows after calving.</cd> -- <col><b>Milk
glass</b></col>, <cd>glass having a milky appearance.</cd> --
<col><b>Milk knot</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a hard lump forming in
the breast of a nursing woman, due to obstruction to the flow of milk
and congestion of the mammary glands.</cd> -- <col><b>Milk
leg</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a swollen condition of the leg,
usually in puerperal women, caused by an inflammation of veins, and
characterized by a white appearance occasioned by an accumulation of
serum and sometimes of pus in the cellular tissue.</cd> --
<col><b>Milk meats</b></col>, <cd>food made from milk, as butter and
cheese.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Bailey.</i> -- <col><b>Milk mirror</b></col>.
<cd>Same as <u>Escutcheon</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Milk
molar</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the deciduous molar teeth
which are shed and replaced by the premolars.</cd> -- <col><b>Milk of
lime</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a watery emulsion of calcium
hydrate, produced by macerating quicklime in water.</cd> --
<col><b>Milk parsley</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an umbelliferous
plant (<i>Peucedanum palustre</i>) of Europe and Asia, having a milky
juice.</cd> -- <col><b>Milk pea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus
(<i>Galactia</i>) of leguminous and, usually, twining plants.</cd> --
<col><b>Milk sickness</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a peculiar
malignant disease, occurring in some parts of the Western United
States, and affecting certain kinds of farm stock (esp. cows), and
persons who make use of the meat or dairy products of infected
cattle. Its chief symptoms in man are uncontrollable vomiting,
obstinate constipation, pain, and muscular tremors. Its origin in
cattle has been variously ascribed to the presence of certain plants
in their food, and to polluted drinking water.</cd> -- <col><b>Milk
snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a harmless American snake
(<i>Ophibolus triangulus</i>, or <i>O. eximius</i>). It is variously
marked with white, gray, and red. Called also <i>milk adder</i>,
<i>chicken snake</i>, <i>house snake</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Milk
sugar</b></col>. <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <cd>See <u>Lactose</u>, and
<i>Sugar of milk</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Milk thistle</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an esculent European thistle (<i>Silybum
marianum</i>), having the veins of its leaves of a milky
whiteness.</cd> -- <col><b>Milk thrush</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Thrush</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Milk tooth</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the temporary first set of teeth in young
mammals; in man there are twenty.</cd> -- <col><b>Milk tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree yielding a milky juice, as the cow tree of
South America (<i>Brosimum Galactodendron</i>), and the <i>Euphorbia
balsamifera</i> of the Canaries, the milk of both of which is
wholesome food.</cd> -- <col><b>Milk vessel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a special cell in the inner bark of a plant, or a series of
cells, in which the milky juice is contained. See <u>Latex</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Rock milk</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Agaric mineral</i>, under
<u>Agaric</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar of milk</b></col>. <cd>The sugar
characteristic of milk; a hard white crystalline slightly sweet
substance obtained by evaporation of the whey of milk. It is used in
pellets and powder as a vehicle for homeopathic medicines, and as an
article of diet. See <u>Lactose</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 924 !></p>

<p><hw>Milk</hw> (m&ibreve;lk), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Milked</u> (m&ibreve;lkt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Milking</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw or press milk from the breasts or
udder of, by the hand or mouth; to withdraw the milk of.</def>
"<i>Milking</i> the kine."  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have given suck, and know<BR>
How tender 't is to love the babe that <i>milks</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw from the breasts or udder; to
extract, as milk; as, to <i>milk</i> wholesome milk from healthy
cows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw anything from, as if by milking;
to compel to yield profit or advantage; to plunder.</def>
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They [the lawyers] <i>milk</i> an unfortunate estate
as regularly as a dairyman does his stock.</blockquote> <i>London
Spectator.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To milk the street</b></col>, <cd>to squeeze the smaller
operators in stocks and extract a profit from them, by alternately
raising and depressing prices within a short range; -- said of the
large dealers.</cd> [Cant] -- <col><b>To milk a telegram</b></col>,
<cd>to use for one's own advantage the contents of a telegram
belonging to another person.</cd> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Milk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To draw or to yield
milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milk"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
milk.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Milk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who milks; also, a mechanical apparatus for milking
cows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cow or other animal that gives
milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milk"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of milk;
abounding with food.</def> [R.] "<i>Milkful</i> vales."
<i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Milk"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a milky
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milk"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or quality
of being milky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milk"-liv`ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>White-
livered; cowardly; timorous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milk"maid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
milks cows or is employed in the dairy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milk"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Milkmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who sells milk or
delivers it to customers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milk"sop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piece of bread
sopped in milk; figuratively, an effeminate or weak-minded
person.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To wed a <i>milksop</i> or a coward ape.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Milk" vetch`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leguminous herb
(<i>Astragalus glycyphyllos</i>) of Europe and Asia, supposed to
increase the secretion of milk in goats.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is sometimes taken for the whole genus
<i>Astragalus</i>, of which there are about two hundred species in
North America, and even more elsewhere.</p>

<p><hw>Milk"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genera <i>Asclepias</i> and <i>Acerates</i>,
abounding in a milky juice, and having its seed attached to a long
silky down; silkweed. The name is also applied to several other
plants with a milky juice, as to several kinds of spurge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milk"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of plants (<i>Polygala</i>) of many species. The common
European <i>P. vulgaris</i> was supposed to have the power of
producing a flow of milk in nurses.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The species of <i>Campanula</i>, or bellflower, are
sometimes called <i>milkwort</i>, from their juice.</p>

<p><hw>Milk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of, or containing, milk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pails high foaming with a <i>milky</i>
flood.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like, or somewhat like, milk; whitish and
turbid; as, the water is <i>milky</i>. "<i>Milky</i> juice."</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Yielding milk.</def> "<i>Milky</i>
mothers."  <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mild; tame; spiritless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Has friendship such a faint and <i>milky</i>
heart?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Milky Way</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Galaxy</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mill</hw> (m&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mille</i>
a thousand.  Cf. <u>Mile</u>.] <def>A money of account of the United
States, having the value of the tenth of a cent, or the thousandth of
a dollar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mille</i>,
<i>melle</i>, <i>mulle</i>, <i>milne</i>, AS. <i>myln</i>,
<i>mylen</i>; akin to D. <i>molen</i>, G. <i>m&uuml;hle</i>, OHG.
<i>mul&imacr;</i>, <i>mul&imacr;n</i>, Icel. <i>mylna</i>; all prob.
from L. <i>molina</i>, fr. <i>mola</i> millstone; prop., that which
grinds, akin to <i>molere</i> to grind, Goth. <i>malan</i>, G.
<i>mahlen</i>, and to E. <i>meal</i>. &radic;108. See <i>Meal</i>
flour, and cf. <u>Moline</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A machine for grinding or comminuting any
substance, as grain, by rubbing and crushing it between two hard,
rough, or indented surfaces; as, a grist<i>mill</i>, a coffee
<i>mill</i>; a bone <i>mill</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine used for expelling the juice,
sap, etc., from vegetable tissues by pressure, or by pressure in
combination with a grinding, or cutting process; as, a cider
<i>mill</i>; a cane <i>mill</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A machine for grinding and polishing; as,
a lapidary <i>mill</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A common name for various machines which
produce a manufactured product, or change the form of a raw material
by the continuous repetition of some simple action; as, a
saw<i>mill</i>; a stamping <i>mill</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A building or collection of buildings with
machinery by which the processes of manufacturing are carried on; as,
a cotton <i>mill</i>; a powder <i>mill</i>; a rolling
<i>mill</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Die Sinking)</i> <def>A hardened steel
roller having a design in relief, used for imprinting a reversed copy
of the design in a softer metal, as copper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
excavation in rock, transverse to the workings, from which material
for filling is obtained.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A passage
underground through which ore is shot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A milling cutter. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Milling</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A pugilistic encounter.</def> [Cant]
<i>R. D. Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Edge mill</b></col>, <col><b>Flint mill</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Edge</u>, <u>Flint</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Mill bar</b></col> <i>(Iron Works)</i>, <cd>a rough bar
rolled or drawn directly from a bloom or puddle bar for conversion
into merchant iron in the mill.</cd> -- <col><b>Mill
cinder</b></col>, <cd>slag from a puddling furnace.</cd> --
<col><b>Mill head</b></col>, <cd>the head of water employed to turn
the wheel of a mill.</cd> -- <col><b>Mill pick</b></col>, <cd>a pick
for dressing millstones.</cd> -- <col><b>Mill pond</b></col>, <cd>a
pond that supplies the water for a mill.</cd> -- <col><b>Mill
race</b></col>, <cd>the canal in which water is conveyed to a mill
wheel, or the current of water which drives the wheel.</cd> --
<col><b>Mill tail</b></col>, <cd>the water which flows from a mill
wheel after turning it, or the channel in which the water flows.</cd>
-- <col><b>Mill tooth</b></col>, <cd>a grinder or molar tooth.</cd> -
- <col><b>Mill wheel</b></col>, <cd>the water wheel that drives the
machinery of a mill.</cd> -- <col><b>Roller mill</b></col>, <cd>a
mill in which flour or meal is made by crushing grain between
rollers.</cd> -- <col><b>Stamp mill</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a
mill in which ore is crushed by stamps.</cd> -- <col><b>To go through
the mill</b></col>, <cd>to experience the suffering or discipline
necessary to bring one to a certain degree of knowledge or skill, or
to a certain mental state.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mill</hw> (m&ibreve;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Milled</u> (m&ibreve;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Milling</u>.] [See <u>Mill</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>Muller</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to fine particles, or to small
pieces, in a mill; to grind; to comminute.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shape, finish, or transform by passing
through a machine; specifically, to shape or dress, as metal, by
means of a rotary cutter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a raised border around the edges
of, or to cut fine grooves or indentations across the edges of, as of
a coin, or a screw head; also, to stamp in a coining press; to
coin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass through a fulling mill; to full,
as cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To beat with the fists.</def> [Cant]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To roll into bars, as steel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To mill chocolate</b></col>, <cd>to make it frothy, as by
churning.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>To
swim under water; -- said of air-breathing creatures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mill"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
stout pasteboard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mill"-cake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
incorporated materials for gunpowder, in the form of a dense mass or
cake, ready to be subjected to the process of granulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mill"dam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dam or mound
to obstruct a water course, and raise the water to a height
sufficient to turn a mill wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having been
subjected to some process of milling.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Milled cloth</b></col>, <cd>cloth that has been beaten in
a fulling mill.</cd> -- <col><b>Milled lead</b></col>, <cd>lead
rolled into sheets.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mil`le*fi*o"re glass`</hw> (?). [It. <i>mille</i> thousand +
<i>fiore</i> flower.] <def>Slender rods or tubes of colored glass
fused together and embedded in clear glass; -- used for paperweights
and other small articles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil`le*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Millenary</u>.] <def>Consisting of a thousand years; of or
pertaining to the millennium, or to the Millenarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil`le*na"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes that Christ will personally reign on earth a thousand years;
a Chiliast.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mil`le*na"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Mil"le*na*rism</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine of Millenarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"le*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>millenarius</i>, fr. <i>milleni</i> a thousand each, fr.
<i>mille</i> a thousand: cf. F. <i>mill&eacute;naire</i>. See
<u>Mile</u>.] <def>Consisting of a thousand; millennial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"le*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The space of a
thousand years; a millennium; also, a
<u>Millenarian</u>.</def>"During that <i>millenary</i>."
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mil*len"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the millennium, or to a thousand years; as, a
<i>millennial</i> period; <i>millennial</i> happiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil*len"ni*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes that Christ will reign personally on earth a thousand years;
a Chiliast; also, a believer in the universal prevalence of
Christianity for a long period.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mil*len"ni*an*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Mil*len"ni*a*rism</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Belief in, or expectation of, the
millennium; millenarianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"len*nist</hw> (m&ibreve;l"l&ebreve;n*n&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who believes in the millennium.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mil*len"ni*um</hw>
(m&ibreve;l*l&ebreve;n"n&ibreve;*&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL., fr. L. <i>mille</i> a thousand + <i>annus</i> a year. See
<u>Mile</u>, and <u>Annual</u>.] <def>A thousand years; especially,
the thousand years mentioned in the twentieth chapter of Revelation,
during which holiness is to be triumphant throughout the world. Some
believe that, during this period, Christ will reign on earth in
person with his saints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"le*ped</hw> (m&ibreve;l"l&esl;*p&ebreve;d&ibreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>millepeda</i>; <i>mille</i> a thousand +
<i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot: cf. F. <i>mille-pieds</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A myriapod with many legs, esp. a
chilognath, as the galleyworm.</def> [Written also <i>millipede</i>
and <i>milliped</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mil*le*po"ra</hw> (m&ibreve;l*l&esl;*p&omacr;"r&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
Hydrocorallia, which includes the millipores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"le*pore</hw> (m&ibreve;l"l&esl;*p&omacr;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mille</i> thousand + <i>porus</i> pore:
cf. F. <i>mill&eacute;pore</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any coral
of the genus Millepora, having the surface nearly smooth, and
perforated with very minute unequal pores, or cells. The animals are
hydroids, not Anthozoa. See <u>Hydrocorallia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"le*po*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A fossil millepore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mill"er</hw> (m&ibreve;l"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps or attends a flour mill or
gristmill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A milling machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
moth or lepidopterous insect; -- so called because the wings appear
as if covered with white dust or powder, like a miller's clothes.
Called also <i>moth miller</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
eagle ray.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The hen harrier.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Miller's thumb</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small fresh-water fish of the genus
<i>Uranidea</i> (formerly <i>Cottus</i>), as the European species
(<i>U. gobio</i>), and the American (<i>U. gracilis</i>); -- called
also <i>bullhead</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A small bird, as
the gold-crest, chiff-chaff, and long-tailed tit.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mil"ler*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in
the doctrine of William <i>Miller</i> (d. 1849), who taught that the
end of the world and the second coming of Christ were at
hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"ler*ite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From W. H.
<i>Miller</i>, of Cambridge, Eng.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A sulphide of
nickel, commonly occurring in delicate capillary crystals, also in
incrustations of a bronze yellow; -- sometimes called <i>hair
pyrites</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil*les"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>millesimus</i>, fr. <i>mille</i> a thousand.] <def>Thousandth;
consisting of thousandth parts; as, <i>millesimal</i>
fractions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>mil</i>, L. <i>milium</i>; akin to Gr. &?;, AS. <i>mil</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name of several cereal and forage grasses
which bear an abundance of small roundish grains. The common millets
of Germany and Southern Europe are <i>Panicum miliaceum</i>, and
<i>Setaria Italica</i>.</def></p>

<p>
&fist; <col><b>Arabian millet</b></col> is <i>Sorghum Halepense</i>.
-- <col><b>Egyptian or East Indian</b></col>,
<col><b>millet</b></col> is <i>Penicillaria spicata</i>. --
<col><b>Indian millet</b></col> is <i>Sorghum vulgare</i>. (See under
<u>Indian</u>.) -- <col><b>Italian millet</b></col> is <i>Setaria
Italica</i>, a coarse, rank-growing annual grass, valuable for fodder
when cut young, and bearing nutritive seeds; -- called also
<i>Hungarian grass</i>. -- <col><b>Texas millet</b></col> is
<i>Panicum Texanum</i>. -- <col><b>Wild millet</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Millet grass</b></col>, is <i>Milium effusum</i>, a tail
grass growing in woods.</p>

<p><hw>Mil"li-</hw> (?). [From L. <i>mille</i> a thousand.]
<i>(Metric System, Elec., Mech., etc.)</i> <def>A prefix denoting a
<i>thousandth part of</i>; as, <i>milli</i>meter, <i>milli</i>gram,
<i>milli</i>amp&egrave;re.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil`li*am`p&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Milli-</i> + <i>amp&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The
thousandth part of one amp&egrave;re.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mil`liard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from
<i>mille</i>, <i>mil</i>, thousand, L. <i>mille</i>.] <def>A thousand
millions; -- called also <i>billion</i>.  See
<u>Billion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"li*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>milliarius</i> containing a thousand, fr. <i>mille</i> thousand:
cf. F. <i>milliaire</i> milliary. See <u>Mile</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a mile, or to distance by miles; denoting a mile or
miles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>milliary</i> column, from which they used to
compute the distance of all the cities and places of
note.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mil"li*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Milliaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>milliarium</i>. See
<u>Milliary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A milestone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mil`lier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>mille</i> thousand.] <def>A weight of the metric system, being one
million grams; a metric ton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"li*fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mille</i>
thousand + E. <i>fold</i> times.] <def>Thousandfold.</def> [R.]
<i>Davies (Holy Roode).</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mil"li*gram</hw>, <hw>Mil"li*gramme</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>milligramme</i>; <i>milli-</i> milli- +
<i>gramme</i>. See 3d <u>Gram</u>.] <def>A measure of weight, in the
metric system, being the thousandth part of a gram, equal to the
weight of a cubic millimeter of water, or .01543 of a grain
avoirdupois.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mil"li*li`ter</hw>, <hw>Mil"li*li`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>millilitre</i>; <i>milli-</i> milli- +
<i>litre</i>. See <u>Liter</u>.] <def>A measure of capacity in the
metric system, containing the thousandth part of a liter. It is a
cubic centimeter, and is equal to .061 of an English cubic inch, or
to .0338 of an American fluid ounce.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mil"li*me`ter</hw>, <hw>Mil"li*me`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>millim&egrave;tre</i>; <i>milli-</i>
milli- + <i>m&egrave;tre</i>. See 3d <u>Meter</u>.] <def>A lineal
measure in the metric system, containing the thousandth part of a
meter; equal to .03937 of an inch. See 3d <u>Meter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"li*ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Milaner</i>
an inhabitant of <i>Milan</i>, in Italy; hence, a man from
<i>Milan</i> who imported women's finery.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, a man who imported and dealt in
small articles of a miscellaneous kind, especially such as please the
fancy of women.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>milliner</i> can so fit his customers with
gloves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person, usually a woman, who makes,
trims, or deals in hats, bonnets, headdresses, etc., for
women.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Man milliner</b></col>, <cd>a man who makes or deals in
millinery; hence, contemptuously, a man who is busied with trifling
occupations or embellishments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mil"li*ner*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The articles made or sold by milliners, as headdresses, hats or
bonnets, laces, ribbons, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The business of work of a
milliner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil`li*net"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stiff cotton
fabric used by milliners for lining bonnets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mill"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
employment of grinding or passing through a mill; the process of
fulling; the process of making a raised or intented edge upon coin,
etc.; the process of dressing surfaces of various shapes with rotary
cutters. See <u>Mill</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>High milling</b></col>, <cd>milling in which grain is
reduced to flour by a succession of crackings, or of slight and
partial crushings, alternately with sifting and sorting the
product.</cd> -- <col><b>Low milling</b></col>, <cd>milling in which
the reduction is effected in a single crushing or grinding.</cd> --
<col><b>Milling cutter</b></col>, <cd>a fluted, sharp-edged rotary
cutter for dressing surfaces, as of metal, of various shapes.</cd> --
<col><b>Milling machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine tool for dressing
surfaces by rotary cutters.</cd> -- <col><b>Milling tool</b></col>,
<cd>a roller with indented edge or surface, for producing like
indentations in metal by rolling pressure, as in turning; a knurling
tool; a milling cutter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mil"lion</hw> (m&ibreve;l"y&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., from LL. <i>millio</i>, fr. L. <i>mille</i> a thousand. See
<u>Mile</u>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The number of ten hundred
thousand, or a thousand thousand, -- written 1,000,000. See the Note
under <u>Hundred</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A very great number; an indefinitely large
number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Millions</i> of truths that a man is not concerned
to know.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The mass of common people; -- with the
article <i>the</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the play, I remember, pleased not the
<i>million</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mil`lion*aire"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>millionnaire</i>.] <def>One whose wealth is counted by millions of
francs, dollars, or pounds; a very rich person; a person worth a
million or more.</def> [Written also <i>millionnaire</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mil`lion*air"ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
is a millionaire, or the wife of a millionaire.</def> [Humorous]
<i>Holmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mil"lion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to millions; consisting of millions; as, the
<i>millionary</i> chronology of the pundits.</def>
<i>Pinkerton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mil"lioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Multiplied by
millions; innumerable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mil`lion`naire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Millionaire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"lionth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being the last
one of a million of units or objects counted in regular order from
the first of a series or succession; being one of a
million.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"lionth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quotient of a
unit divided by one million; one of a million equal parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"li*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The same <u>Milleped</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"li*stere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>millist&egrave;re</i>, from <i>milli-</i> milli- +
<i>st&egrave;re</i>.] <def>A liter, or cubic decimeter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil`li*we"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Milli-</i> +
<i>weber</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The thousandth part of one
weber.</def></p>

<p><! p. 925 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mill"rea`</hw> (m&ibreve;l"r&emacr;`), <hw>Mill"ree`</hw>,
<hw>Mill"reis`</hw> (-r&emacr;s`) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Milreis</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mill"rind`</hw> (-r&imacr;nd`), <hw>Mill"rynd`</hw> (-
r&imacr;nd`) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mill</i> + <i>rynd</i>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A figure supposed to represent the iron which
holds a millstone by being set into its center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mill"-sixpence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A milled
sixpence; -- the sixpence being one of the first English coins milled
(1561).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mill"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of two
circular stones used for grinding grain or other substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man shall take the nether or the upper
<i>millstone</i> to pledge.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxiv. 6.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The cellular siliceous rock called buhrstone is usually
employed for millstones; also, some kinds of lava, as that
Niedermendig, or other firm rock with rough texture. The surface of a
millstone has usually a series of radial grooves in which the
powdered material collects.</p>

<p><col><b>Millstone girt</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a hard and
coarse, gritty sandstone, dividing the Carboniferous from the
Subcarboniferous strata. See <i>Farewell rock</i>, under
<u>Farewell</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To see</b></col> <col><b>into, or
through,</b></col> <col><b>a millstone</b></col>, <cd>to see into or
through a difficult matter.</cd> (Colloq.)</p>

<p><hw>Mill"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The shafting, gearing, and other driving machinery of
mills.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The business of setting up or of operating
mill machinery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mill"wright`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mechanic
whose occupation is to build mills, or to set up their
machinery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"reis`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>mil reis</i>,
i. e., one thousand reis; <i>mil</i> a thousand + <i>reis</i>, pl. of
<i>real</i> a rei.] <def>A Portuguese money of account rated in the
treasury department of the United States at one dollar and eight
cents; also, a Brazilian money of account rated at fifty-four cents
and six mills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>milte</i>; akin to
D. <i>milt</i>, G. <i>milz</i>, OHG. <i>milzi</i>, Icel.
<i>milti</i>, Dan. <i>milt</i>, Sw. <i>mj&auml;lte</i>, and prob. to
E. <i>malt</i>, <i>melt</i>. &radic;108. See <u>Malt</u> the grain.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to Dan. <i>melk</i>, Sw.
<i>mj&ouml;lke</i>, G. <i>milch</i>, and E. <i>milk</i>. See
<u>Milk</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
spermatic fluid of fishes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The testes,
or spermaries, of fishes when filled with spermatozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To impregnate (the roe
of a fish) with milt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>milter</i>,
G. <i>milcher</i>, <i>milchner</i>. See 2d <u>Milt</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A male fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil*to"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Miltonic.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mil*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or resembling, Milton, or his writings; as, <i>Miltonic</i>
prose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milt"waste`</hw> (?), [1st <i>milt</i> + <i>waste</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small European fern (<i>Asplenium Ceterach</i>)
formerly used in medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>milvus</i>
kite.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or resembling birds of the kite
kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"vine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
bird related to the kite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mil"vus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kite.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of raptorial birds, including the
European kite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mimus</i>, Gr. &?;,
akin to &?; to imitate, to mimic: cf. F. <i>mime</i>.  Cf.
<u>Mimosa</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of drama in which real persons and
events were generally represented in a ridiculous manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An actor in such
representations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mime</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To mimic.</def> [Obs.]
-- <wf>Mim"er</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
</p>

<p><hw>Mim"e*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to
imitate + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An autographic stencil copying device
invented by Edison.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi*me"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
imitation.] <i>(Rhet. &amp; Biol.)</i> <def>Imitation; mimicry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mim"e*tene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Mimetite</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi*met"ic</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Mi*met"ic*al</hw> (?), }[Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to imitate.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Apt to imitate; given to mimicry;
imitative.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Characterized by mimicry; -
- applied to animals and plants; as, <i>mimetic</i> species;
<i>mimetic</i> organisms. See <u>Mimicry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mim"e*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; to
mimic.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Mimicry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mim"e*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an
imitator. So called because it resembles pyromorphite.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral occurring in pale yellow or brownish hexagonal
crystals. It is an arseniate of lead.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mim"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mim"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mimicus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; mime: cf.
F. <i>mimique</i>. See <u>Mime</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Imitative; mimetic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oft, in her absence, <i>mimic</i> fancy wakes<BR>
To imitate her.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man is, of all creatures, the most
<i>mimical</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or formed by, imitation;
imitated; as, <i>mimic</i> gestures.</def> "<i>Mimic</i> hootings."
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Imitative; characterized by
resemblance to other forms; -- applied to crystals which by twinning
resemble simple forms of a higher grade of symmetry.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Mimic</i> often implies something droll or ludicrous,
and is less dignified than <i>imitative</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Mimic beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a beetle
that feigns death when disturbed, esp. the species of <i>Hister</i>
and allied genera.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mim"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who imitates or
mimics, especially one who does so for sport; a copyist; a
buffoon.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mim"ic</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mimicked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mimicking</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To imitate or ape for sport; to ridicule
by imitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The walk, the words, the gesture, could supply,<BR>
The habit <i>mimic</i>, and the mien belie.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To assume a resemblance to
(some other organism of a totally different nature, or some
surrounding object), as a means of protection or advantage.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To ape; imitate; counterfeit; mock.</p>

<p><hw>Mim"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
imitative manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mim"ick*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who mimics; a mimic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal which
imitates something else, in form or habits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mim"ic*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or practice of one who mimics; ludicrous imitation for
sport or ridicule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Protective resemblance; the
resemblance which certain animals and plants exhibit to other animals
and plants or to the natural objects among which they live, -- a
characteristic which serves as their chief means of protection
against enemies; imitation; mimesis; mimetism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*mog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mimographus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; a mime + &?; to write: cf. F.
<i>mimographe</i>.] <def>A writer of mimes.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mi*mo"sa</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; imitator.  Cf. <u>Mime</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
leguminous plants, containing many species, and including the
sensitive plants (<i>Mimosa sensitiva</i>, and <i>M.
pudica</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>mimosa</i> is also applied in commerce to
several kinds bark imported from Australia, and used in tanning; --
called also <i>wattle bark</i>.  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi`mo*tan"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mimo</i>sa +
<i>tannic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a
variety of tannin or tannic acid found in Acacia, Mimosa,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Min&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Minas</b></plw> (#).
[L., fr. Gr. &?;.] <def>An ancient weight or denomination of money,
of varying value. The Attic mina was valued at a hundred
drachmas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Myna</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as can be
mined; as, <i>minable</i> earth.</def>  <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi*na"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>minax</i>,
<i>-acis</i>. See <u>Menace</u>.] <def>Threatening; menacing.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mi*nac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disposition to
threaten.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Min"a*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>minarete</i>,
Ar. <i>man&amacr;rat</i> lamp, lantern, lighthouse, turret, fr.
<i>n&amacr;r</i> to shine.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A slender, lofty
tower attached to a mosque and surrounded by one or more projecting
balconies, from which the summon to prayer is cried by the
muezzin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min*ar"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. contr. from
alu<i>min</i>ium + L. <i>argent</i>um silver.] <def>An alloy
consisting of copper, nickel, tungsten, and aluminium; -- used by
jewelers.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Min`a*to"ri*al*ly</hw> (?), <hw>Min"a*to*ri*ly</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a minatory manner; with
threats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>minatorius</i>, fr. <i>minari</i> to threaten. See <u>Menace</u>.]
<def>Threatening; menacing.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi*naul"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Manul</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mince</hw> (m&ibreve;ns), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Minced</u> (m&ibreve;nst);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Minging</u>
(m&ibreve;n"s&ibreve;ng).] [AS. <i>minsian</i> to grow less, dwindle,
fr. <i>min</i> small; akin to G. <i>minder</i> less, Goth.
<i>minniza</i> less, <i>mins</i> less, adv., L. <i>minor</i>, adj.
(cf. <u>Minor</u>); or more likely fr. F. <i>mincer</i> to mince,
prob. from (assumed) LL. <i>minutiare</i>. &radic;101. See
<u>Minish</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut into very small pieces; to chop
fine; to hash; as, to <i>mince</i> meat.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suppress or weaken the force of; to
extenuate; to palliate; to tell by degrees, instead of directly and
frankly; to clip, as words or expressions; to utter half and keep
back half of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know no ways to <i>mince</i> it in love, but
directly to say -- "I love you."</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Siren, now <i>mince</i> the sin,<BR>
And mollify damnation with a phrase.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If, to <i>mince</i> his meaning, I had either omitted
some part of what he said, or taken from the strength of his
expression, I certainly had wronged him.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To affect; to make a parade of.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mince</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
walk with short steps; to walk in a prim, affected manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The daughters of Zion are haughty, and walk with
stretched forth necks and wanton eyes, . . . <i>mincing</i> as they
go.</blockquote> <i>Is. iii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll . . . turn two <i>mincing</i> steps<BR>
Into a manly stride.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act or talk with affected nicety; to
affect delicacy in manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mince</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short, precise step;
an affected manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mince"-meat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Minced meat;
meat chopped very fine; a mixture of boiled meat, suet, apples, etc.,
chopped very fine, to which spices and raisins are added; -- used in
making mince pie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mince" pie`</hw> (?). <def>A pie made of mince-meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
minces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That minces;
characterized by primness or affected nicety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"cing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a mincing
manner; not fully; with affected nicety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mind</hw> (m&imacr;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mynd</i>,
<i>gemynd</i>; akin to OHG. <i>minna</i> memory, love, G.
<i>minne</i> love, Dan. <i>minde</i> mind, memory, remembrance,
consent, vote, Sw. <i>minne</i> memory, Icel. <i>minni</i>, Goth.
<i>gamunds</i>, L. <i>mens</i>, <i>mentis</i>, mind, Gr.
<grk>me`nos</grk>, Skr. <i>manas</i> mind, <i>man</i> to think.
&radic;104, 278.  Cf. <u>Comment</u>, <u>Man</u>, <u>Mean</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, 3d <u>Mental</u>, <u>Mignonette</u>,
<u>Minion</u>, <u>Mnemonic</u>, <u>Money</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The intellectual or rational faculty in
man; the understanding; the intellect; the power that conceives,
judges, or reasons; also, the entire spiritual nature; the soul; --
often in distinction from the <i>body</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the <i>mind</i> of man we understand that in him
which thinks, remembers, reasons, wills.</blockquote>
<i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What we mean by <i>mind</i> is simply that which
perceives, thinks, feels, wills, and desires.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let every man be fully persuaded in his own
<i>mind</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xiv. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mind</i> shall banquet, though the body
pine.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state, at any given time, of the
faculties of thinking, willing, choosing, and the like; psychical
activity or state; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Opinion; judgment;
belief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fool uttereth all his <i>mind</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xxix. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Being so hard to me that brought your <i>mind</i>, I
fear she'll prove as hard to you in telling her
<i>mind</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Choice; inclination; liking; intent;
will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If it be your <i>minds</i>, then let none go
forth.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings ix. 15.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Courage; spirit.</def>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Memory; remembrance; recollection; as, to
have or keep in <i>mind</i>, to call to <i>mind</i>, to put in
<i>mind</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To have a mind</b></col> or <col><b>great mind</b></col>,
<cd>to be inclined or strongly inclined in purpose; -- used with an
infinitive.</cd> "Sir Roger de Coverly . . . told me that he <i>had a
great mind</i> to see the new tragedy with me." <i>Addison.</i> --
<col><b>To lose one's mind</b></col>, <cd>to become insane, or
imbecile.</cd> -- <col><b>To make up one's mind</b></col>, <cd>to
come to an opinion or decision; to determine.</cd> -- <col><b>To put
in mind</b></col>, <cd>to remind.</cd> "Regard us simply as
<i>putting you in mind</i> of what you already know to be good
policy." <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>Mind</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Minded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Minding</u>.] [AS. <i>myndian</i>, <i>gemynd&imacr;an</i> to
remember. See <u>Mind</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fix the mind or thoughts on; to regard
with attention; to treat as of consequence; to consider; to heed; to
mark; to note.</def> "<i>Mind</i> not high things, but condescend to
men of low estate."  <i>Rom. xii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord, you nod: you do not <i>mind</i> the
play.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To occupy one's self with; to employ one's
self about; to attend to; as, to <i>mind</i> one's
business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bidding him be a good child, and <i>mind</i> his
book.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To obey; as, to <i>mind</i> parents; the
dog <i>minds</i> his master.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have in mind; to purpose.</def>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>mind</i> to tell him plainly what I
think.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To put in mind; to remind.</def> [Archaic]
<i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>minded</i> them of the mutability of all earthly
things.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do thee wrong to <i>mind</i> thee of
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Never mind</b></col>, <cd>do not regard it; it is of no
consequence; no matter.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To notice; mark; regard; obey. See
<u>Attend</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mind</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give attention or
heed; to obey; as, the dog <i>minds</i> well.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mind"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed; inclined;
having a mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Joseph . . . was <i>minded</i> to put her away
privily.</blockquote> <i>Matt. i. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If men were <i>minded</i> to live
virtuously.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Minded</i> is much used in composition; as, high-
<i>minded</i>, feeble-<i>minded</i>, sober-<i>minded</i>, double-
<i>minded</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Mind"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who minds, tends, or watches something, as a child, a
machine, or cattle; as, a <i>minder</i> of a loom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One to be attended; specif., a pauper
child intrusted to the care of a private person.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mind"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing in mind;
regardful; attentive; heedful; observant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What is man, that thou art <i>mindful</i> of
him?</blockquote> <i>Ps. viii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I promise you to be <i>mindful</i> of your
admonitions.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Mind"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mind"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mind"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Regard;
mindfulness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mind"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not indued with mind or intellectual powers; stupid;
unthinking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unmindful; inattentive; heedless;
careless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cursed Athens, <i>mindless</i> of thy
worth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mine</hw> (m&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Mien</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mine</hw> (m&imacr;n), <pos><i>pron. &amp; a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>min</i>, fr. AS. <i>m&imacr;n</i>; akin to D. <i>mijn</i>, OS.,
OFries., &amp; OHG. <i>m&imacr;n</i>, G. <i>mein</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>min</i>, Icel. <i>minn</i>, Goth. <i>meins</i> my, mine,
<i>meina</i> of me, and E. <i>me</i>.  &radic;187. See <u>Me</u>, and
cf. <u>My</u>.] <def>Belonging to me; my. Used as a pronominal to me;
my. Used as a pronominal adjective in the predicate; as, "Vengeance
is <i>mine</i>; I will repay." <i>Rom. xii. 19</i>. Also, in the old
style, used attributively, instead of <i>my</i>, before a noun
beginning with a vowel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I kept myself from <i>mine</i> iniquity.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xviii. 23.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Mine</i> is often used absolutely, the thing possessed
being understood; as, his son is in the army, <i>mine</i> in the
navy.</p>

<p><blockquote>When a man deceives me once, says the Italian proverb,
it is his fault; when twice, it is <i>mine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Horne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This title honors me and <i>mine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She shall have me and <i>mine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mine</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>miner</i>, L.
<i>minare</i> to drive animals, in LL. also, to lead, conduct, dig a
mine (cf. E. <i>lode</i>, and <i>lead</i> to conduct), akin to L.
<i>minari</i> to threaten; cf. Sp. <i>mina</i> mine, conduit,
subterraneous canal, a spring or source of water, It. <i>mina</i>.
See <u>Menace</u>, and cf. <u>Mien</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dig a mine or pit in the earth; to get
ore, metals, coal, or precious stones, out of the earth; to dig in
the earth for minerals; to dig a passage or cavity under anything in
order to overthrow it by explosives or otherwise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form subterraneous tunnel or hole; to
form a burrow or lodge in the earth; as, the <i>mining</i>
cony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mining</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dig away, or otherwise remove, the
substratum or foundation of; to lay a mine under; to sap; to
undermine; hence, to ruin or destroy by slow degrees or secret
means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>mined</i> the walls.</blockquote>
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Too lazy to cut down these immense trees, the spoilers
. . . had <i>mined</i> them, and placed a quantity of gunpowder in
the cavity.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dig into, for ore or metal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lead veins have been traced . . . but they have not
been <i>mined</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To get, as metals, out of the earth by
digging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The principal ore <i>mined</i> there is the bituminous
cinnabar.</blockquote> <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL. <i>mina</i>. See
<u>Mine</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A subterranean cavity or passage</def>;
especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pit or excavation in the
earth, from which metallic ores, precious stones, coal, or other
mineral substances are taken by digging; -- distinguished from the
pits from which stones for architectural purposes are taken, and
which are called <i>quarries</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A cavity or tunnel made under a fortification or
other work, for the purpose of blowing up the superstructure with
some explosive agent.</def></p>

<p><! p. 926 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any place where ore, metals, or precious
stones are got by digging or washing the soil; as, a placer
<i>mine</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A rich source of wealth or other
good.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mine dial</b></col>, <cd>a form of magnetic compass used
by miners.</cd> -- <col><b>Mine pig</b></col>, <cd>pig iron made
wholly from ore; in distinction from <i>cinder pig</i>, which is made
from ore mixed with forge or mill cinder.</cd>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mineur</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who mines; a digger for metals, etc.;
one engaged in the business of getting ore, coal, or precious stones,
out of the earth; one who digs military mines; as, armies have
sappers and <i>miners</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any of numerous insects which, in the larval state, excavate
galleries in the parenchyma of leaves. They are mostly minute moths
and dipterous flies.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The chattering,
or garrulous, honey eater of Australia (<i>Myzantha
garrula</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Miner's elbow</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a swelling on
the black of the elbow due to inflammation of the bursa over the
olecranon; -- so called because of frequent occurrence in
miners.</cd> -- <col><b>Miner's inch</b></col>, <cd>in hydraulic
mining, the amount of water flowing under a given pressure in a given
time through a hole one inch in diameter. It is a unit for measuring
the quantity of water supplied.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Min"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>min&eacute;ral</i>, LL. <i>minerale</i>, fr. <i>minera</i> mine.
See <u>Mine</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inorganic species or substance
occurring in nature, having a definite chemical composition and
usually a distinct crystalline form. Rocks, except certain glassy
igneous forms, are either simple minerals or aggregates of
minerals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mine.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything which is neither animal nor
vegetable, as in the most general classification of things into three
kingdoms (animal, vegetable, and mineral).</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"er*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to minerals; consisting of a mineral or of
minerals; as, a <i>mineral</i> substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Impregnated with minerals; as,
<i>mineral</i> waters.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mineral acids</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>inorganic
acids, as sulphuric, nitric, phosphoric, hydrochloric, acids, etc.,
as distinguished from the <i>organic acids</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mineral blue</b></col>, <cd>the name usually given to
azurite, when reduced to an impalpable powder for coloring
purposes.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral candle</b></col>, <cd>a candle made
of paraffine.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral caoutchouc</b></col>, <cd>an
elastic mineral pitch, a variety of bitumen, resembling caoutchouc in
elasticity and softness. See <u>Caoutchouc</u>, and
<u>Elaterite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral chameleon</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Chameleon mineral</i>, under
<u>Chameleon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral charcoal</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Charcoal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral cotton</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Mineral wool</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral
green</b></col>, <cd>a green carbonate of copper; malachite.</cd> --
<col><b>Mineral kingdom</b></col> <i>(Nat. Sci.)</i>, <cd>that one of
the three grand divisions of nature which embraces all inorganic
objects, as distinguished from plants or animals.</cd> --
<col><b>Mineral oil</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Naphtha</u>, and
<u>Petroleum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral paint</b></col>, <cd>a
pigment made chiefly of some natural mineral substance, as red or
yellow iron ocher.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral patch</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Bitumen</u>, and <u>Asphalt</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral
right</b></col>, <cd>the right of taking minerals from land.</cd> --
<col><b>Mineral salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt of a
mineral acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral tallow</b></col>, <cd>a
familiar name for <i>hatchettite</i>, from its fatty or spermaceti-
like appearance.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral water</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Water</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral wax</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Ozocerite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral wool</b></col>, <cd>a
fibrous wool-like material, made by blowing a powerful jet of air or
steam through melted slag. It is a poor conductor of heat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Min"er*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>min&eacute;raliste</i>.] <def>One versed in minerals;
mineralogist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Min`er*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>min&eacute;ralisation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The process of mineralizing, or forming a
mineral by combination of a metal with another element; also, the
process of converting into a mineral, as a bone or a plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of impregnating with a mineral, as
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The conversion of a cell
wall into a material of a stony nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"er*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mineralized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mineralizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>min&eacute;raliser</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To transform into a mineral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In these caverns the bones are not
<i>mineralized</i>.</blockquote> <i>Buckland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impregnate with a mineral; as,
<i>mineralized</i> water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"er*al*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go on an
excursion for observing and collecting minerals; to
mineralogize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"er*al*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An element
which is combined with a metal, thus forming an ore. Thus, in galena,
or lead ore, sulphur is a <i>mineralizer</i>; in hematite, oxygen is
a <i>mineralizer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min`er*al*og"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>min&eacute;ralogique</i>. See <u>Mineralogy</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to mineralogy; as, a <i>mineralogical</i> table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min`er*al*og"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>According to the principles of, or with reference to,
mineralogy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min`er*al"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>min&eacute;ralogiste</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One versed in mineralogy; one devoted to
the study of minerals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A carrier shell
(<i>Phorus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Min`er*al"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
study mineralogy by collecting and examining minerals.</def>  <i>Miss
Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min`er*al"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mineralogies</b></plw> (#). [<i>Mineral</i> + <i>-logy</i>:
cf. F. <i>min&eacute;ralogie</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science which treats of minerals, and
teaches how to describe, distinguish, and classify them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise or book on this
science.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*ner"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Rom.
Myth.)</i> <def>The goddess of wisdom, of war, of the arts and
sciences, of poetry, and of spinning and weaving; -- identified with
the Grecian Pallas Athene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The smallest of
regular sizes of portrait photographs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"e*ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Miniver</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Minge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>myngian</i>;
akin to E. <i>mind</i>.] <def>To mingle; to mix.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Minge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupt. fr.
<i>midge</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small biting fly; a
midge.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Min"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mingled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mingling</u> (?).] [From OE. <i>mengen</i>, AS. <i>mengan</i>;
akin to D. &amp; G. <i>mengen</i>, Icel. <i>menga</i>, also to E.
<i>among</i>, and possibly to <i>mix</i>.  Cf. <u>Among</u>,
<u>Mongrel</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mix; intermix; to combine or join, as
an individual or part, with other parts, but commonly so as to be
distinguishable in the product; to confuse; to confound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was . . . fire <i>mingled</i> with the
hail.</blockquote> <i>Ex. ix. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To associate or unite in society or by
ties of relationship; to cause or allow to intermarry; to
intermarry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The holy seed have <i>mingled</i> themselves with the
people of those lands.</blockquote> <i>Ezra ix. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of purity by mixture; to
contaminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>mingled</i>, imperfect virtue.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put together; to join.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make or prepare by mixing the
ingredients of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] proceeded to <i>mingle</i> another
draught.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become mixed or
blended.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mixture.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"gle*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That can be
mingled.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"gled*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Confusedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"gle-man`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Reduplicated fr. <i>mingle</i>.] <def>To mix in a disorderly way; to
make a mess of.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"gle-man`gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
hotchpotch.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"gle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
mingling, or the state of being mixed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
mingles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"gling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
mingling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min`*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the color
of minium or red lead; miniate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"iard</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Migniard.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Min"iard*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
delicate or dainty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Miniated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Miniating</u> (?).] [L. <i>miniatus</i>, p. p. of <i>miniare</i>.
See <u>Minium</u>.] <def>To paint or tinge with red lead or
vermilion; also, to decorate with letters, or the like, painted red,
as the page of a manuscript.</def>  <i>T. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the color of red lead or vermilion; painted with
vermilion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*a*ture</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>miniatura</i>, fr. L. <i>miniare</i>. See <u>Miniate</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>,<u>Minium</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a painting in colors such as
those in medi&aelig;val manuscripts; in modern times, any very small
painting, especially a portrait.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Greatly diminished size or form; reduced
scale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lettering in red; rubric
distinction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A particular feature or trait.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*a*ture</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being on a small
scale; much reduced from the reality; as, a <i>miniature</i>
copy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*a*ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To represent
or depict in a small compass, or on a small scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*a*tur`ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A painter
of miniatures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>minor</i> less
+ <i>-bus</i>, as in <i>omnibus</i>.] <def>A kind of light passenger
vehicle, carrying four persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"ie ball`</hw> (?). [From the inventor, Captain
<i>Mini&eacute;</i>, of France.] <def>A conical rifle bullet, with a
cavity in its base plugged with a piece of iron, which, by the
explosion of the charge, is driven farther in, expanding the sides to
fit closely the grooves of the barrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"ie ri"fle</hw> (?). <def>A rifle adapted to minie
balls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Minified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Minifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>minor</i> less + <i>-fly</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make small, or smaller; to diminish the
apparent dimensions of; to lessen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To degrade by speech or action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OD. <i>minneken</i>
a darling, dim. of <i>minne</i> love; akin to G. <i>minne</i>, and to
E. <i>mind</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little darling; a favorite; a
minion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Florio.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A little pin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Min"i*kin</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Small;
diminutive.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"im</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>minime</i>, L.
<i>minimus</i> the least, smallest, a superl. of <i>minor</i>: cf.
It. <i>minima</i> a note in music. See <u>Minor</u>, and cf.
<i>Minimum</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything very minute; as, the
<i>minims</i> of existence; -- applied to animalcula; and the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The smallest liquid measure, equal to
about one drop; the sixtieth part of a fluid drachm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small fish; a
minnow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A little man or being; a dwarf.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of an austere
order of mendicant hermits or friars founded in the 15th century by
St. Francis of Paola.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A time note, formerly the
shortest in use; a half note, equal to half a semibreve, or two
quarter notes or crotchets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A short poetical encomium.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"im</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Minute.</def>
"<i>Minim</i> forms."  <i>J. R. Drake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupt. of
<i>moniment</i>.] <def>A trifle; a trinket; a token.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min`i*mi*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of minimizing.</def>  <i>Bentham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Minimized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Minimizing</u> (?).] <def>To reduce to the smallest
part or proportion possible; to reduce to a minimum.</def>
<i>Bentham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*mum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Minima</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. <i>minimus</i>. See
<u>Minim</u>.] <def>The least quantity assignable, admissible, or
possible, in a given case; hence, a thing of small consequence; --
opposed to <i>maximum</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Minimum thermometer</b></col>, <cd>a thermometer for
recording the lowest temperature since its last adjustment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Min"i*mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Minimi</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Minim</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A being of the smallest size.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The little finger; the
fifth digit, or that corresponding to it, in either the manus or
pes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mine</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>The act or business of making mines or
of working them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
mines; as, <i>mining</i> engineer; <i>mining</i> machinery; a
<i>mining</i> region.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mining engineering</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Engineering</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Min"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Minimum.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"ion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mignon</i>, fr. OHG.
<i>minni</i> love, G. <i>minne</i>; akin to E. <i>mind</i>. See
<u>Mind</u>, and cf. <u>Mignonette</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A loved one; one highly esteemed and
favored; -- in a good sense.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God's disciple and his dearest
<i>minion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is this the Athenian <i>minion</i> whom the world<BR>
Voiced so regardfully?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An obsequious or servile dependent or
agent of another; a fawning favorite.</def>  <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, rate thy <i>minions</i>, proud, insulting
boy!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A small kind of type, in
size between brevier and nonpareil.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <miniontype>This line is printed in <i>minion</i>
type.</miniontype></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An ancient form of ordnance, the caliber
of which was about three inches.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"ion</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Minion</u>.]
<def>Fine; trim; dainty.</def> [Obs.] "Their . . . <i>minion</i>
dancing."  <i>Fryth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min`ion*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Small;
delicate.</def> [Obs.] "His <i>minionette</i> face."
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"ion*ette</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A
size of type between nonpareil and minion; -- used in ornamental
borders, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"ion*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Kind
treatment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Min"ion*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
flavor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Min"ion*like`</hw> (?), <hw>Min"ion*ly</hw>, } <pos><i>a. &
adv.</i></pos> <def>Like a minion; daintily.</def>
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"ion*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being a
minion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Min"ious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>minium</i> red
lead.] <def>Of the color of red or vermilion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>menusen</i>,
F. <i>menuiser</i> to make small, cut small, fr. (assumed) LL.
<i>minutiare</i>, for <i>minutare</i>, fr. L. <i>minutus</i> small.
See <u>Minute</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Diminish</u>,
<u>Minge</u>.] <def>To diminish; to lessen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The living of poor men thereby
<i>minished</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
diminishing, or the state of being diminished; diminution.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Min"is*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>ministre</i>, F. <i>ministre</i>, fr. L. <i>minister</i>, orig. a
double comparative from the root of <i>minor</i> less, and hence
meaning, an inferior, a servant. See 1st <u>Minor</u>, and cf.
<u>Master</u>, <u>Minstrel</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A servant; a subordinate; an officer or
assistant of inferior rank; hence, an agent, an instrument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses rose up, and his <i>minister</i>
Joshua.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxiv. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I chose<BR>
Camillo for the <i>minister</i>, to poison<BR>
My friend Polixenes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An officer of justice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I cry out the on the <i>ministres</i>, quod he,<BR>
That shoulde keep and rule this cit&eacute;.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One to whom the sovereign or executive
head of a government intrusts the management of affairs of state, or
some department of such affairs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ministers</i> to kings, whose eyes, ears, and hands
they are, must be answerable to God and man.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A representative of a government, sent to
the court, or seat of government, of a foreign nation to transact
diplomatic business.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Ambassadors are classed (in the diplomatic sense) in the
first rank of public ministers, ministers plenipotentiary in the
second. "The United States diplomatic service employs two classes of
ministers, -- ministers plenipotentiary and ministers resident."
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One who serves at the altar; one who
performs sacerdotal duties; the pastor of a church duly authorized or
licensed to preach the gospel and administer the sacraments.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Delegate; official; ambassador; clergyman; parson;
priest.</p>

<p><hw>Min"is*ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ministered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ministering</u>.] [OE. <i>ministren</i>, OF. <i>ministrer</i>, fr.
L. <i>ministrare</i>. See <u>Minister</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>To furnish or apply; to afford; to supply; to
administer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that <i>ministereth</i> seed to the
sower.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. ix. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>minister</i> to God reason to suspect
us.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"is*ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To act as a servant, attendant, or agent; to attend and serve;
to perform service in any office, sacred or secular.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Son of man came not to be <i>ministered</i> unto,
but to <i>minister</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xx. 28.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To supply or to things needful; esp., to
supply consolation or remedies.</def>  <i>Matt. xxv. 44.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Canst thou not <i>minister</i> to a mind
diseased?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min`is*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ministerialis</i>: cf. F. <i>minist&eacute;riel</i>. See
<u>Minister</u>, and cf. <u>Minstrel</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to ministry or service;
serving; attendant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Enlightening spirits and <i>ministerial</i>
flames.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the office of a
minister or to the ministry as a body, whether civil or
sacerdotal.</def> "<i>Ministerial</i> offices." <i>Bacon.</i> "A
<i>ministerial</i> measure." <i>Junius.</i> "<i>Ministerial</i>
garments."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tending to advance or promote;
contributive.</def> "<i>Ministerial</i> to intellectual culture."
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The ministerial benches</b></col>, <cd>the benches in the
House of Commons occupied by members of the cabinet and their
supporters; -- also, the persons occupying them.</cd> "Very solid and
very brilliant talents distinguish <i>the ministerial benches</i>."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Official; priestly; sacerdotal; ecclesiastical.</p>

<p><hw>Min`is*te"ri*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
supporter of the ministers, or the party in power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min`is*te"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
ministerial manner; in the character or capacity of a
minister.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"is*ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ministry</u>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"is*tra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Ministration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Min"is*tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ministerial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 927 !></p>

<p><hw>Min"is*trant</hw> (m&ibreve;n"&ibreve;s*tr<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ministrans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, of
<i>ministrare</i> to minister.] <def>Performing service as a
minister; attendant on service; acting under command;
subordinate.</def> "Princedoms and dominations <i>ministrant</i>."
<i>Milton.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ministers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min`is*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ministratio</i>, fr. <i>ministrare</i>.] <def>The act of
ministering; service; ministry.</def> "The days of his
<i>ministration</i>."  <i>Luke i. 23.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"is*tra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
aid; ministering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"is*tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>ministrix</i>.] <def>A woman who ministers.</def>
<i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"is*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
Ministries (#). [L. <i>ministerium</i>. See <u>Minister</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Mystery</u> a trade.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of ministering; ministration;
service.</def> "With tender <i>ministry</i>."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>Agency; instrumentality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ordinary <i>ministry</i> of second
causes.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wicked <i>ministry</i> of arms.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The office, duties, or functions of a
minister, servant, or agent; ecclesiastical, executive, or
ambassadorial function or profession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The body of ministers of state; also, the
clergy, as a body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Administration; rule; term in power; as,
the <i>ministry</i> of Pitt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"is*try*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
a minister.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*um</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>minium</i>, an Iberian word, the Romans getting all their cinnabar
from Spain; cf. Basque <i>armine&aacute;</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
heavy, brilliant red pigment, consisting of an oxide of lead,
Pb<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, obtained by exposing lead or massicot to
a gentle and continued heat in the air. It is used as a cement, as a
paint, and in the manufacture of flint glass. Called also <i>red
lead</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Meniver</u>.]
<def>A fur esteemed in the Middle Ages as a part of costume. It is
uncertain whether it was the fur of one animal only or of different
animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*vet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A singing bird of India of the family
<i>Campephagid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 2d <u>Minx</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A carnivorous mammal of the genus
<i>Putorius</i>, allied to the weasel. The European mink is
<i>Putorius lutreola</i>. The common American mink (<i>P. vison</i>)
varies from yellowish brown to black.  Its fur is highly valued.
Called also <i>minx</i>, <i>nurik</i>, and <i>vison</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"ne*sing`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>minne</i> love + <i>singen</i> to sing.] <def>A love-singer;
specifically, one of a class of German poets and musicians who
flourished from about the middle of the twelfth to the middle of the
fourteenth century. They were chiefly of noble birth, and made love
and beauty the subjects of their verses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"now</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>menow</i>, cf. AS.
<i>myne</i>; also OE. <i>menuse</i>, OF. <i>menuise</i> small fish;
akin to E. <i>minish</i>, <i>minute</i>.] [Written also
<i>minow</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small European
fresh-water cyprinoid fish (<i>Phoxinus l&aelig;vis</i>, formerly
<i>Leuciscus phoxinus</i>); sometimes applied also to the young of
larger kinds; -- called also <i>minim</i> and <i>minny</i>. The name
is also applied to several allied American species, of the genera
<i>Phoxinus</i>, <i>Notropis</i>, or <i>Minnilus</i>, and
<i>Rhinichthys</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any of numerous small
American cyprinodont fishes of the genus <i>Fundulus</i>, and related
genera. They live both in fresh and in salt water. Called also
<i>killifish</i>, <i>minny</i>, and <i>mummichog</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A minnow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"no bird"</hw> (m&imacr;"n&osl; b&etilde;rd). [Hind.
<i>main&amacr;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An Asiatic bird
(<i>Gracula musica</i>), allied to the starlings. It is black, with a
white spot on the wings, and a pair of flat yellow wattles on the
head. It is often tamed and taught to pronounce words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"nor</hw> (m&imacr;"n&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., a
comparative with no positive; akin to AS. <i>min</i> small, G.
<i>minder</i> less, OHG. <i>minniro</i>, a., <i>min</i>, adv., Icel.
<i>minni</i>, a., <i>minnr</i>, adv., Goth. <i>minniza</i>, a.,
<i>mins</i>, adv., Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>min</i> small, tender, L.
<i>minuere</i> to lessen, Gr. <grk>miny`qein</grk>, Skr. <i>mi</i> to
damage.  Cf. <u>Minish</u>, <u>Minister</u>, <u>Minus</u>,
<u>Minute</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inferior in bulk, degree, importance,
etc.; less; smaller; of little account; as, <i>minor</i> divisions of
a body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Less by a semitone in
interval or difference of pitch; as, a <i>minor</i> third.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Asia Minor</b></col> <i>(Geog.)</i>, <cd>the Lesser Asia;
that part of Asia which lies between the Euxine, or Black Sea, on the
north, and the Mediterranean on the south.</cd> -- <col><b>Minor
mode</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>that mode, or scale, in which the
third and sixth are minor, -- much used for mournful and solemn
subjects.</cd> -- <col><b>Minor orders</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>,
<cd>the rank of persons employed in ecclesiastical offices who are
not in holy orders, as doorkeepers, acolytes, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Minor scale</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>The form of the minor
scale is various. The strictly correct form has the third and sixth
minor, with a semitone between the seventh and eighth, which involves
an augmented second interval, or three semitones, between the sixth
and seventh, as, <supr>6/F</supr>, <supr>7/G&sharp;</supr>,
<supr>8/A</supr>. But, for melodic purposes, both the sixth and the
seventh are sometimes made major in the ascending, and minor in the
descending, scale, thus: --</p>

<p><i></i></p>

<p>See <u>Major</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Minor term of a
syllogism</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>the subject of the
conclusion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mi"nor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person of either sex who has not attained the age at which
full civil rights are accorded; an infant; in England and the United
States, one under twenty-one years of age.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In hereditary monarchies, the minority of a sovereign ends
at an earlier age than of a subject. The minority of a sovereign of
Great Britain ends upon the completion of the eighteenth year of his
age.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The minor term, that is,
the subject of the conclusion; also, the minor premise, that is, that
premise which contains the minor term; in hypothetical syllogisms,
the categorical premise. It is the second proposition of a regular
syllogism, as in the following: Every act of injustice partakes of
meanness; to take money from another by gaming is an act of
injustice; therefore, the taking of money from another by gaming
partakes of meanness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A Minorite; a Franciscan friar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"nor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>minoratus</i>; p. p. of <i>minorare</i> to diminish, fr.
<i>minor</i>, a. See 1st <u>Minor</u>.] <def>To diminish.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi`nor*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>minoratio</i>: cf. F. <i>minoration</i>.] <def>A diminution.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi"nor*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<i>Franciscan Nuns</i>, under <u>Franciscan</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"nor*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>minor</i>
less.  Cf. 2d <u>Minor</u>, 3.] <def>A Franciscan friar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*nor"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Minorities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>minorit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Minor</u>, <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being a minor, or under
age.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State of being less or small.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The smaller number; -- opposed to
<i>majority</i>; as, the <i>minority</i> must be ruled by the
majority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"nos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <i>(Class.
Myth.)</i> <def>A king and lawgiver of Crete, fabled to be the son of
Jupiter and Europa.  After death he was made a judge in the Lower
Regions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"o*taur</hw> (m&ibreve;n"&ocl;*t&add;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Minotaurus</i>, Gr.
<grk>Minw`tayros</grk>; <grk>Mi`nos</grk>, the husband of
Pasipha&euml; + <grk>tay^ros</grk> a bull, the Minotaur being the
offspring of Pasipha&euml; and a bull: cf. F. <i>minotaure</i>.]
<i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A fabled monster, half man and half bull,
confined in the labyrinth constructed by D&aelig;dalus in
Crete.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"ow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Minnow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mynster</i>,
fr. L. <i>monasterium</i>. See <u>Monastery</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A church of a monastery.  The name is often retained and applied
to the church after the monastery has ceased to exist (as Beverly
<i>Minster</i>, Southwell <i>Minster</i>, etc.), and is also
improperly used for any large church.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Minster house</b></col>, <cd>the official house in which
the canons of a cathedral live in common or in rotation.</cd>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"strel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>minstrel</i>,
<i>menestral</i>, OF. <i>menestrel</i>, fr. LL. <i>ministerialis</i>
servant, workman (cf. <i>ministrellus</i> harpist), fr. L.
<i>ministerium</i> service. See <u>Ministry</u>, and cf.
<u>Ministerial</u>.] <def>In the Middle Ages, one of an order of men
who subsisted by the arts of poetry and music, and sang verses to the
accompaniment of a harp or other instrument; in modern times, a poet;
a bard; a singer and harper; a musician.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"strel*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The arts and occupation of minstrels; the singing and playing of
a minstrel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Musical instruments.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A collective body of minstrels, or
musicians; also, a collective body of minstrels' songs.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i> "The <i>minstrelsy</i> of heaven." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mint</hw> (m&ibreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>minte</i>, fr. L. <i>mentha</i>, Gr. <grk>mi`nqa</grk>,
<grk>mi`nqh</grk>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name of several aromatic
labiate plants, mostly of the genus <i>Mentha</i>, yielding
odoriferous essential oils by distillation. See
<u>Mentha</u>.</def></p>

<p>
&fist; <col><b>Corn mint</b></col> is <i>Mentha arvensis</i>. --
<col><b>Horsemint</b></col> is <i>M. sylvestris</i>, and in the
United States <i>Monarda punctata</i>, which differs from the true
mints in several respects. -- <col><b>Mountain mint</b></col> is any
species of the related genus <i>Pycnanthemum</i>, common in North
America. -- <col><b>Peppermint</b></col> is <i>M. piperita</i>. --
<col><b>Spearmint</b></col> is <i>M. viridis</i>. -- <col><b>Water
mint</b></col> is <i>M. aquatica</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Mint camphor</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Menthol</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mint julep</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Julep</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mint sauce</b></col>, <cd>a sauce
flavored with spearmint, for meats.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mynet</i> money, coin,
fr. L. <i>moneta</i> the mint, coined money, fr. <i>Moneta</i>, a
surname of Juno, in whose at Rome money was coined; akin to
<i>monere</i> to warn, admonish, AS. <i>manian</i>, and to E.
<i>mind</i>. See <u>Mind</u>, and cf. <u>Money</u>, <u>Monition</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where money is coined by public
authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>Any place regarded as a source of
unlimited supply; the supply itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>mint</i> of phrases in his brain.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Minted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Minting</u>.] [AS. <i>mynetian</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make by stamping, as money; to coin; to
make and stamp into money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To invent; to forge; to fabricate; to
fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Titles . . . of such natures as may be easily
<i>minted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Minting mill</b></col>, <cd>a coining press.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mint"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The coin, or other production, made in a mint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stamped in clay, a heavenly
<i>mintage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sterling.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The duty paid to the mint for
coining.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mint"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
mints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mint"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mintmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One skilled in coining, or in
coins; a coiner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mint"-mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The master
or superintendent of a mint. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"u*end</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>minuendus</i>
to be diminished, fr. <i>minuere</i> to lessen, diminish. See
<u>Minish</u>.] <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>The number from which another
number is to be subtracted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"u*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>menu</i>
small, L. <i>minutus</i> small. So called on account of the short
steps of the dance. See 4th <u>Minute</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slow graceful dance consisting of a
coupee, a high step, and a balance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A tune or air to regulate
the movements of the dance so called; a movement in suites, sonatas,
symphonies, etc., having the dance form, and commonly in 3-4,
sometimes 3-8, measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Minion</u>,
<u>Minum</u>, 6.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small kind of printing type;
minion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A minim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"nus</hw> (m&imacr;"n&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
See <u>Minor</u>, and cf. <u>Mis-</u> pref. from the French.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>Less; requiring to be subtracted; negative; as, a
<i>minus</i> quantity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Minus sign</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the sign [-]
denoting <i>minus</i>, or <i>less</i>, prefixed to negative
quantities, or quantities to be subtracted. See <i>Negative sign</i>,
under <u>Negative</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mi*nus"cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>minusculus</i> rather small, fr. <i>minus</i> less: cf. F.
<i>minuscule</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any very small, minute object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small Roman letter which is neither
capital nor uncial; a manuscript written in such letters.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the size and style of minuscules;
written in minuscules.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>minuscule</i> letters are cursive forms of
the earlier uncials.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor (The
Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"u*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or consisting of, minutes.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"ute</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>minuta</i>
a small portion, small coin, fr. L. <i>minutus</i> small: cf. F.
<i>minute</i>. See 4th <u>Minute</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sixtieth part of an hour; sixty
seconds. (Abbrev. m.; as, 4 h. 30 <i>m.</i>)</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Four <i>minutes</i>, that is to say, <i>minutes</i> of
an hour.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sixtieth part of a degree; sixty
seconds (Marked thus (&prime;); as, 10&deg; 20&prime;).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A nautical or a geographic mile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A coin; a half farthing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif (Mark xii. 42)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A very small part of anything, or anything
very small; a jot; a tittle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Minutes</i> and circumstances of his
passion.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A point of time; a moment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I go this <i>minute</i> to attend the
king.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The memorandum; a record; a note to
preserve the memory of anything; as, to take <i>minutes</i> of a
contract; to take <i>minutes</i> of a conversation or
debate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A fixed part of a module.
See <u>Module</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Different writers take as the minute one twelfth, one
eighteenth, one thirtieth, or one sixtieth part of the module.</p>

<p><hw>Min"ute</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
minute or minutes; occurring at or marking successive
minutes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Minute bell</b></col>, <cd>a bell tolled at intervals of a
minute, as to give notice of a death or a funeral.</cd> --
<col><b>Minute book</b></col>, <cd>a book in which written minutes
are entered.</cd> -- <col><b>Minute glass</b></col>, <cd>a glass
measuring a minute or minutes by the running of sand.</cd> --
<col><b>Minute gun</b></col>, <cd>a discharge of a cannon repeated
every minute as a sign of distress or mourning.</cd> --
<col><b>Minute hand</b></col>, <cd>the long hand of a watch or clock,
which makes the circuit of the dial in an hour, and marks the
minutes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Min"ute</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Minuted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Minuting</u>.] <def>To set down a short sketch or note of; to jot
down; to make a minute or a brief summary of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Empress of Russia, with her own hand,
<i>minuted</i> an edict for universal tolerance.</blockquote>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi*nute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>minutus</i>, p.
p. of <i>minuere</i> to lessen. See <u>Minish</u>, <u>Minor</u>, and
cf. <u>Menu</u>, <u>Minuet</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very small; little; tiny; fine; slight;
slender; inconsiderable.</def> "<i>Minute</i> drops."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attentive to small things; paying
attention to details; critical; particular; precise; as, a
<i>minute</i> observer; <i>minute</i> observation.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Little; diminutive; fine; critical; exact;
circumstantial; particular; detailed.  -- <u>Minute</u>,
<u>Circumstantial</u>, <u>Particular</u>. A <i>circumstantial</i>
account embraces all the leading events; a <i>particular</i> account
includes each event and movement, though of but little importance; a
<i>minute</i> account goes further still, and omits nothing as to
person, time, place, adjuncts, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Mi*nute"-jack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A figure which strikes the hour on the bell
of some fanciful clocks; -- called also <i>jack of the clock
house</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A timeserver; an inconstant person.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi*nute"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From 4th
<u>Minute</u>.] <def>In a minute manner; with minuteness; exactly;
nicely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"ute*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 1st
<u>Minute</u>.] <def>Happening every minute; continuing;
unceasing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Throwing themselves absolutely upon God's
<i>minutely</i> providence.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"ute*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At intervals of a
minute; very often and regularly.</def>  <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Minutely</i> proclaimed in thunder from
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Min"ute*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Minutemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A militiaman who was to be
ready to march at a moment's notice; -- a term used in the American
Revolution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*nute"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being minute.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi*nu"ti*a</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Minuti&aelig;</b></plw> (-&emacr;). [L., fr. <i>minutus</i>
small, minute. See 4th <u>Minute</u>.] <def>A minute particular; a
small or minor detail; -- used chiefly in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Minx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. of Low German
origin; cf. LG. <i>minsk</i> wench, jade, hussy, D. <i>mensch</i>;
prop. the same word as D. &amp; G. <i>mensch</i> man, human being, OHG.
<i>mennisco</i>, AS. <i>mennisc</i>, fr. <i>man</i>. See
<u>Man</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pert or a wanton girl.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A she puppy; a pet dog.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Minx</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mink</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The mink; -- called also <i>minx
otter</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 928 !></p>

<p><hw>Min"y</hw> (m&imacr;n"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Abounding with mines; like a mine.</def> "<i>Miny</i> caverns."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi"o*cene</hw> (m&imacr;"&osl;*s&emacr;n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>mei`wn</grk> less + <grk>kaino`s</grk>
new, fresh, recent.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
middle division of the Tertiary.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The Miocene period. See <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`o*hip"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>mei`wn</grk> less + <grk>"ippo`s</grk> horse.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>An extinct Miocene mammal of the Horse family, closely related
to the genus <i>Anhithecrium</i>, and having three usable hoofs on
each foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Miq"ue*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>miquelete</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An irregular or partisan
soldier; a bandit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Russian village
community.</def>  <i>D. M. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mir</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>m&imacr;r</i>.]
<def>Same as <u>Emir</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>mirus</i> wonderful.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A remarkable variable
star in the constellation Cetus (<i>&omicron; Ceti</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*rab"i*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mirabilaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who, or a work which,
narrates wonderful things; one who writes of wonders.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mi*rab"i*lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., wonderful.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants. See <u>Four-
o'clock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*rab"i*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Native sodium sulphate; Glauber's salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mirabilis</i>,
fr. <i>mirari</i> to wonder: cf. OF. <i>mirable</i>. See
<u>Marvel</u>.] <def>Wonderful; admirable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mir"a*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>miraculum</i>, fr. <i>mirari</i> to wonder. See <u>Marvel</u>, and
cf. <u>Mirror</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wonder or wonderful thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>miracle</i> and queen of genus.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: An event or effect contrary
to the established constitution and course of things, or a deviation
from the known laws of nature; a supernatural event, or one
transcending the ordinary laws by which the universe is
governed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They considered not the <i>miracle</i> of the
loaves.</blockquote> <i>Mark vi. 52.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A miracle play.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A story or legend abounding in
miracles.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When said was all this <i>miracle</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Miracle monger</b></col>, <cd>an impostor who pretends to
work miracles.</cd> -- <col><b>Miracle play</b></col>, <cd>one of the
old dramatic entertainments founded on legends of saints and martyrs
or (see 2d <u>Mystery</u>, 2) on events related in the
Bible.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mir"a*cle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
wonderful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi*rac"u*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause
to seem to be a miracle.</def> [R.]  <i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi*rac"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>miraculeux</i>. See <u>Miracle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of a miracle; performed by
supernatural power; effected by the direct agency of almighty power,
and not by natural causes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Supernatural; wonderful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wonder-working.</def> "The
<i>miraculous</i> harp."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Mi*rac"u*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mi*rac"u*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mir`a*dor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr.
<i>mirar</i> to behold, view. See <u>Mirror</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Belvedere</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`rage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>mirer</i>
to look at carefully, to aim, <i>se mirer</i> to look at one's self
in a glass, to reflect, to be reflected, LL. <i>mirare</i> to look
at. See <u>Mirror</u>.] <def>An optical effect, sometimes seen on the
ocean, but more frequently in deserts, due to total reflection of
light at the surface common to two strata of air differently heated.
The reflected image is seen, commonly in an inverted position, while
the real object may or may not be in sight. When the surface is
horizontal, and below the eye, the appearance is that of a sheet of
water in which the object is seen reflected; when the reflecting
surface is above the eye, the image is seen projected against the
sky. The <i>fata Morgana</i> and <i>looming</i> are species of
<i>mirage</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the <i>mirage</i> uplifted the land floats vague in
the ether,<BR>
Ships and the shadows of ships hang in the motionless
air.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mir"bane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Nitrobenzene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mire</hw> (m&imacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&imacr;re</i>, <i>m&ymacr;re</i>; akin to D. <i>mier</i>, Icel.
<i>maurr</i>, Dan. <i>myre</i>, Sw. <i>myra</i>; cf. also Ir.
<i>moirbh</i>, Gr. <grk>my`rmhx</grk>.]  <def>An ant.</def> [Obs.]
See <u>Pismire</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mire</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mire</i>, <i>myre</i>;
akin to Icel. <i>m&ymacr;rr</i> swamp, Sw. <i>myra</i> marshy ground,
and perh. to E. <i>moss</i>.] <def>Deep mud; wet, spongy earth.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He his rider from the lofty steed<BR>
Would have cast down and trod in dirty <i>mire</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mire crow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the pewit, or
laughing gull.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Mire drum</b></col>,
<cd>the European bittern.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mire</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Miring</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause or permit to stick fast in mire;
to plunge or fix in mud; as, to <i>mire</i> a horse or
wagon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To soil with mud or foul matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Smirched thus and <i>mired</i> with
infamy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mire</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stick in
mire.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi*rif"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mi*rif"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mirificus</i>; <i>mirus</i> wonderful +
<i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-fy</u>.] <def>Working
wonders; wonderful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*rif"i*cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Wonderful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mir"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being miry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mirk</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Murky</u>.]
<def>Dark; gloomy; murky.</def>  <i>Spenser. Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mirk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Darkness; gloom;
murk.</def> "In <i>mirk</i> and mire."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mirk"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dark; gloomy;
murky.</def> [Archaic] <i>Spenser.</i> -- <wf>Mirk"some*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Mirk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dark; gloomy. See
<u>Murky</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mir"ror</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mirour</i>, F.
<i>miroir</i>, OF. also <i>mireor</i>, fr. (assumed) LL.
<i>miratorium</i>, fr. <i>mirare</i> to look at, L. <i>mirari</i> to
wonder. See <u>Marvel</u>, and cf. <u>Miracle</u>,
<u>Mirador</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A looking-glass or a speculum; any glass
or polished substance that forms images by the reflection of rays of
light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And in her hand she held a <i>mirror</i> bright,<BR>
Wherein her face she often view&egrave;d fair.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which gives a true representation, or
in which a true image may be seen; hence, a pattern; an
exemplar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is <i>mirour</i> of all courtesy.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O goddess, heavenly bright,<BR>
<i>Mirror</i> of grace and majesty divine.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Speculum</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mirror carp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
domesticated variety of the carp, having only three or fur rows of
very large scales side.</cd> -- <col><b>Mirror plate</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A flat glass mirror without a frame</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Flat glass used for making mirrors.</cd> --
<col><b>Mirror writing</b></col>, <cd>a manner or form of backward
writing, making manuscript resembling in slant and order of letters
the reflection of ordinary writing in a mirror. The substitution of
this manner of writing for the common manner is a symptom of some
kinds of nervous disease.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mir"ror</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mirrored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mirroring</u>.] <def>To reflect, as in a mirror.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mirth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mirthe</i>,
<i>murthe</i>, <i>merthe</i>, AS. <i>myr&eth;</i>, <i>myrg&eth;</i>,
<i>merh&eth;</i>, <i>mirh&eth;</i>. See <u>Merry</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Merriment; gayety accompanied with
laughter; jollity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then will I cause to cease . . . from the streets of
Jerusalem, the voice of <i>mirth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. vii.
34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which causes merriment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Merriment; joyousness; gladness; fun; frolic; glee;
hilarity; festivity; jollity. See <u>Gladness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mirth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of mirth or merriment; merry; as, <i>mirthful</i>
children.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indicating or inspiring mirth; as, a
<i>mirthful</i> face.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mirthful</i>, comic shows.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Mirth"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mirth"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mirth"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
mirth.</def> -- <wf>Mirth"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mir"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 2d <u>Mire</u>.]
<def>Abounding with deep mud; full of mire; muddy; as, a <i>miry</i>
road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mir"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>m&imacr;rz&amacr;</i>, abbrev. fr. <i>m&imacr;rz&amacr;deh</i> son
of the prince; <i>m&imacr;r</i> prince (Ar. <i>am&imacr;r</i>,
<i>em&imacr;r</i>) + <i>z&amacr;deh</i> son.] <def>The common title
of honor in Persia, prefixed to the surname of an individual. When
appended to the surname, it signifies <i>Prince</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis-</hw> (m&ibreve;s-). [In words of Teutonic origin, fr. AS.
<i>mis-</i>; akin to D. <i>mis-</i>, G. <i>miss-</i>, OHG. <i>missa-
</i>, <i>missi-</i>, Icel. &amp; Dan. <i>mis-</i>, Sw. <i>miss-</i>,
Goth. <i>missa-</i>; orig., a p. p. from the root of G. <i>meiden</i>
to shun, OHG. <i>m&imacr;dan</i>, AS. <i>m&imacr;&eth;an</i>
(&radic;100.  Cf. <u>Miss</u> to fail of). In words from the French,
fr. OF. <i>mes-</i>, F. <i>m&eacute;-</i>, <i>mes-</i>, fr. L.
<i>minus</i> less (see <u>Minus</u>). In present usage these two
prefixes are commonly confounded.] <def>A prefix used adjectively and
adverbially in the sense of amiss, wrong, ill, wrongly, unsuitably;
as, <i>mis</i>deed, <i>mis</i>lead, <i>mis</i>chief,
<i>mis</i>creant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis</hw> (m&ibreve;s), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [See
<u>Amiss</u>.] <def>Wrong; amiss.</def> [Obs.] "To correcten that
[which] is <i>mis</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*ac`cep*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
acceptation; understanding in a wrong sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ac*compt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
account or reckon wrongly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ad*just"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To adjust
wrongly of unsuitably; to throw of adjustment.</def>  <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ad*just"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
adjustment; unsuitable arrangement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ad*ven"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>mesaventure</i>, F. <i>m&eacute;saventure</i>.] <def>Mischance;
misfortune; ill luck; unlucky accident; ill adventure.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Homicide by misadventure</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>homicide which occurs when a man, doing a lawful act, without any
intention of injury, unfortunately kills another; -- called also
<i>excusable homicide</i>. See <u>Homicide</u>.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mischance; mishap; misfortune; disaster;
calamity.</p>

<p><hw>Mis`ad*ven"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unfortunate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis`ad*ven"tur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unfortunate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ad*vert"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inadvertence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ad*vice"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bad
advice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ad*vise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give
bad counsel to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ad*vised"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ill
advised.</def> -- <wf>Mis`ad*vis"ed*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mis`af*fect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
dislike.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis`af*fect"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ill
disposed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis`af*fec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An evil or
wrong affection; the state of being ill affected.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`af*firm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To affirm
incorrectly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*aimed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not rightly
aimed.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*al`le*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
erroneous statement or allegation.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`al*lege"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To state
erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`al*li"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;salliance</i>.] <def>A marriage with a person of inferior
rank or social station; an improper alliance; a
mesalliance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A Leigh had made a <i>misalliance</i>, and blushed<BR>
A Howard should know it.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`al*lied"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wrongly
allied or associated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`al*lot"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrong
allotment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*al"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To alter
wrongly; esp., to alter for the worse.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"an*thrope</hw> (m&ibreve;s"&abreve;n*thr&omacr;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>misa`nqrwpos</grk>; <grk>misei^n</grk>
to hate + <grk>'a`nqrwpos</grk> a man; cf. F. <i>misanthrope</i>.
Cf. <u>Miser</u>.] <def>A hater of mankind; a
misanthropist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mis`an*throp"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mis`an*throp"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>misanthropique</i>.] <def>Hating or
disliking mankind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*an"thro*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
misanthrope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*an"thro*pos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Misanthrope</u>.] <def>A misanthrope.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*an"thro*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>misanthropie</i>.] <def>Hatred of, or dislike to, mankind; --
opposed to <i>philanthropy</i>.</def>  <i>Orrery.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*ap`pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrong
application.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ap*ply"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Misapplied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Misapplying</u>.] <def>To apply wrongly; to use for a
wrong purpose; as, to <i>misapply</i> a name or title; to
<i>misapply</i> public money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ap*pre"ci*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Improperly appreciated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*ap`pre*hend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
take in a wrong sense; to misunderstand.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*ap`pre*hen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mistaking or mistake; wrong apprehension of one's meaning of a fact;
misconception; misunderstanding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*ap`pre*hen"sive*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>By, or with, misapprehension.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ap*pro"pri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
appropriate wrongly; to use for a wrong purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ap*pro`pri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Wrong appropriation; wrongful use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ar*range"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Misarranged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Misarranging</u> (?).] <def>To place in a wrong
order, or improper manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ar*range"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
arrangement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ar*cribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
ascribe wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`as*say"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To assay,
or attempt, improperly or unsuccessfully.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`as*sign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To assign
wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`at*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
misunderstand; to disregard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`a*ven"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Misadventure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis`a*vize"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
misadvise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*bear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To carry
improperly; to carry (one's self) wrongly; to misbehave.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`be*come"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Not to
become; to suit ill; not to befit or be adapted to.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy father will not act what <i>misbecomes</i>
him.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`be*com"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unbecoming.</def> <i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Mis`be*com"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Mis`be*com"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*bede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Misbode</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Misboden</u> (?).] [AS. <i>mis-be&ocirc;dan</i>.] <def>To wrong;
to do injury to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who hath you <i>misboden</i> or offended?</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`be*fit"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
befitting.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mis`be*got"</hw> (?), <hw>Mis`be*got"ten</hw> (&?;), }
<pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> <def>Unlawfully or irregularly begotten; of
bad origin; pernicious.</def> "Valor <i>misbegot</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`be*have"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Misbehaved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Misbehaving</u>.] <def>To behave ill; to
conduct one's self improperly; -- often used with a reciprocal
pronoun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`be*haved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Guilty of
ill behavior; illbred; rude.</def> "A <i>misbehaved</i> and sullen
wench."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`be*hav"ior</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Improper,
rude, or uncivil behavior; ill conduct.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`be*lief"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Erroneous or
false belief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`be*lieve"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
believe erroneously, or in a false religion.</def> "That
<i>misbelieving</i> Moor."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`be*liev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes wrongly; one who holds a false religion.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`be*seem"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To suit
ill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`be*stow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bestow
improperly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`be*stow"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
misbestowing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`bi*leve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Misbelief;
unbelief; suspicion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*bode"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Misbede</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*bo"den</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Misbede</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born to
misfortune.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*cal"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
calculate erroneously; to judge wrongly.</def> --
<wf>Mis*cal`cu*la"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mis*call"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To call by a wrong name; to name improperly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To call by a bad name; to abuse.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*car"riage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unfortunate event or issue of an undertaking;
failure to attain a desired result or reach a destination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a counselor, to save himself,<BR>
Would lay <i>miscarriages</i> upon his prince.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ill conduct; evil or improper behavior;
as, the failings and <i>miscarriages</i> of the righteous.</def>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of bringing forth before the time;
premature birth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*car"riage*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of miscarrying; liable to fail.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*car"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Miscarried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Miscarrying</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry, or go, wrong; to fail of
reaching a destination, or fail of the intended effect; to be
unsuccessful; to suffer defeat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My ships have all <i>miscarried</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The cardinal's letters to the pope
<i>miscarried</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth young before the proper
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*cast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cast or
reckon wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*cast"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An erroneous cast or
reckoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ce*ge*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>miscere</i> to mix + the root of <i>genus</i> race.] <def>A mixing
of races; amalgamation, as by intermarriage of black and
white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`cel*la*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Miscellany</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to miscellanies.</def>
<i>Shaftesbury.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
miscellanies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"cel*lane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Miscellaneous</u>, and cf. <u>Maslin</u>.] <def>A mixture of two
or more sorts of grain; -- now called <i>maslin</i> and
<i>meslin</i>.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mis"cel*la"ne*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Miscellany</u>.] <def>A collection of miscellaneous matters;
matters of various kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`cel*la"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>miscellaneus</i> mixed, miscellaneous, fr. <i>miscellus</i> mixed,
fr. <i>miscere</i> to mix. See <u>Mix</u>, and cf.
<u>Miscellany</u>.] <def>Mixed; mingled; consisting of several
things; of diverse sorts; promiscuous; heterogeneous; as, a
<i>miscellaneous</i> collection.</def> "A <i>miscellaneous</i>
rabble." <i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Mis`cel*la"ne*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Mis`cel*la"ne*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mis"cel*la*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer
of miscellanies; miscellanarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"cel*la*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Miscellanies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>miscellanea</i>, neut. pl.
of. <i>miscellaneus</i>: cf. F. <i>miscellan&eacute;e</i>, pl.
<i>miscellan&eacute;es</i>. See <u>Miscellaneous</u>.] <def>A mass or
mixture of various things; a medley; esp., a collection of
compositions on various subjects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is but a bundle or <i>miscellany</i> of sin; sins
original, and sins actual.</blockquote> <i>Hewyt.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Miscellany madam</b></col>, <cd>a woman who dealt in
various fineries; a milliner.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 929 !></p>

<p><hw>Mis"cel*la*ny</hw> (m&ibreve;s"s&ebreve;l*l&asl;*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Miscellaneous; heterogeneous.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*cen"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
misjudge.</def> [Obs.] <i>Daniel.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Erroneous judgment.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*chance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>meschance</i>, OF. <i>mescheance</i>.] <def>Ill luck; ill fortune;
mishap.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Never come <i>mischance</i> between us
twain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Calamity; misfortune; misadventure; mishap;
infelicity; disaster. See <u>Calamity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mis*chance"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To happen by
mischance.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*chance"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unlucky.</def>  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*char"ac*ter*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
characterize falsely or erroneously; to give a wrong character
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They totally <i>mischaracterize</i> the
action.</blockquote> <i>Eton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*charge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To charge
erroneously, as in an account.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mistake in charging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"chief</hw> (m&ibreve;s"ch&ibreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>meschef</i> bad result, OF. <i>meschief</i>; pref. <i>mes-
</i> (L. <i>minus</i> less) + <i>chief</i> end, head, F. <i>chef</i>
chief. See <u>Minus</u>, and <u>Chief</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Harm; damage; esp., disarrangement of
order; trouble or vexation caused by human agency or by some living
being, intentionally or not; often, calamity, mishap; trivial evil
caused by thoughtlessness, or in sport.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy tongue deviseth <i>mischiefs</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. lii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The practice whereof shall, I hope, secure me from
many <i>mischiefs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cause of trouble or vexation;
trouble.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mischief</i> was, these allies would never
allow that the common enemy was subdued.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be in mischief</b></col>, <cd>to be doing harm or
causing annoyance.</cd> -- <col><b>To make mischief</b></col>, <cd>to
do mischief, especially by exciting quarrels.</cd> -- <col><b>To play
the mischief</b></col>, <cd>to cause great harm; to throw into
confusion.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Damage; harm; hurt; injury; detriment; evil; ill.
-- <u>Mischief</u>, <u>Damage</u>, <u>Harm</u>. <i>Damage</i> is an
injury which diminishes the value of a thing; <i>harm</i> is an
injury which causes trouble or inconvenience; <i>mischief</i> is an
injury which disturbs the order and consistency of things. We often
suffer <i>damage</i> or <i>harm</i> from accident, but
<i>mischief</i> always springs from perversity or folly.</p>

<p><hw>Mis"chief</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To do harm
to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"chief*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Mischievous.</def> [R.]  <i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"chief*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Mischievous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"chief-mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes mischief; one who excites or instigates quarrels or
enmity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"chief-mak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
harm; exciting enmity or quarrels.</def> <i>Rowe.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or practice of making mischief,
inciting quarrels, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"chie*vous</hw> (m&ibreve;s"ch&esl;*v&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing mischief; harmful; hurtful; -- now
often applied where the evil is done carelessly or in sport; as, a
<i>mischievous</i> child.</def> "Most <i>mischievous</i> foul sin."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This false, wily, doubling disposition is intolerably
<i>mischievous</i> to society.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Harmful; hurtful; detrimental; noxious; pernicious;
destructive.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Mis"chie*vous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mis"chie*vous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Misch"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mishna</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Misch"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mishnic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*choose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Mischose</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Mischosen</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mischoosing</u>.] <def>To choose wrongly.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*choose"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a wrong
choice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*chris"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
christen wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ci*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>miscibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Capability of being mixed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>miscible</i>, fr. L. <i>miscere</i> to mix.] <def>Capable of being
mixed; mixable; as, water and alcohol are <i>miscible</i> in all
proportions.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ci*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Erroneous
citation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*cite"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cite
erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*claim"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mistaken
claim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*cog"ni*zant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Not cognizant; ignorant; not knowing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*cog"nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fail to
apprehend; to misunderstand.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*col`lo*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
collocation.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*col"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give a
wrong color to; figuratively, to set forth erroneously or unfairly;
as, to <i>miscolor</i> facts.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*com"fort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Discomfort.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*com`pre*hend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
get a wrong idea of or about; to misunderstand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*com`pu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Erroneous computation; false reckoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`com*pute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Miscount</u>.] <def>To compute erroneously.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`con*ceit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Misconception.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis`con*ceive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Misconceived</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Misconceiving</u>.] <def>To conceive
wrongly; to interpret incorrectly; to receive a false notion of; to
misjudge; to misapprehend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those things which, for want of due consideration
heretofore, they have <i>misconceived</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To misapprehend; misunderstand; mistake.</p>

<p><hw>Mis`con*ceiv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
misconceives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`con*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Erroneous
conception; false opinion; wrong understanding.</def>
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`con*clu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
erroneous inference or conclusion.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*con"duct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
conduct; bad behavior; mismanagement.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Misbehavior; misdemeanor; mismanagement; misdeed;
delinquency; offense.</p>

<p><hw>Mis`con*duct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
conduct amiss; to mismanage.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To misconduct one's self</b></col>, <cd>to behave
improperly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mis`con*duct"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To behave
amiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*con"fi*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
mistaken confidence; wrongly trusting.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`con*jec"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
wrong conjecture or guess.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`con*jec"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To conjecture wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*con"se*crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
consecrate amiss.</def> "<i>Misconsecrated</i> flags."  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*con`se*cra"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
consecration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*con"se*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrong
consequence; a false deduction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*con"stru*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as
can be misconstrued, as language or conduct.</def>  <i>R.
North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`con*struct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
construct wrongly; to construe or interpret erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`con*struc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Erroneous construction; wrong interpretation.</def>  <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*con"strue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Misconstrued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Misconstruing</u>.] <def>To construe wrongly; to
interpret erroneously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not, great sir, <i>misconstrue</i> his
intent.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Much afflicted to find his actions
<i>misconstrued</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*con"stru*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
misconstrues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`con*tent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Discontent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis`con*tin"u*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Discontinuance; also, continuance by undue process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*copy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To copy
amiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*copy"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mistake in
copying.</def>  <i>North Am. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`cor*rect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fail
or err in attempting to correct.</def> "Scaliger <i>miscorrects</i>
his author."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*coun"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To counsel
or advise wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*count"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>mesconter</i>, F. <i>m&eacute;compter</i>.  Cf.
<u>Miscompute</u>.] <def>To count erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*count"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;compte</i> error, OF. <i>mesconte</i>.] <def>An erroneous
counting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*cov"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To covet
wrongfully.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mis"cre*ance</hw> (?), <hw>Mis"cre*an*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>mescreance</i>, F.
<i>m&eacute;cr&eacute;ance</i> incredulity.] <def>The quality of
being miscreant; adherence to a false religion; false faith.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"cre*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>mescreant</i>, F. <i>m&eacute;cr&eacute;ant</i>; pref. <i>mes-</i>
(L. <i>minus</i> less) + p. pr. fr. L. <i>credere</i> to believe. See
<u>Creed</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who holds a false religious faith; a
misbeliever.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser. De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou oughtest not to be slothful to the destruction of
the <i>miscreants</i>, but to constrain them to obey our Lord
God.</blockquote> <i>Rivers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One not restrained by Christian
principles; an unscrupulous villain; a vile wretch.</def>
<i>Addison.</i><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Mis"cre*ant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Holding a false religious faith.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of conscience;
unscrupulous.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`cre*ate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Miscreated;
illegitimate; forged; as, <i>miscreate</i> titles.</def> [Obs. or
Poet.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`cre*ate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To create
badly or amiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`cre*at"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed
unnaturally or illegitimately; deformed.</def>  <i>Spenser.
Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`cre*a"tive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Creating
amiss.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*cre"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>mis-</i>
+ <i>credent</i>.  Cf. <u>Miscreant</u>.] <def>A miscreant, or
believer in a false religious doctrine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`cre*du"li*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
credulity or belief; misbelief.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*cue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Billiards)</i>
<def>A false stroke with a billiard cue, the cue slipping from the
ball struck without impelling it as desired.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*date"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Misdated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Misdating</u>.] <def>To date erroneously.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*deal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Misdealt</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Misdealing</u>.] <def>To deal or distribute wrongly,
as cards; to make a wrong distribution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*deal"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
misdealing; a wrong distribution of cards to the players.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*deed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>misd&aemacr;d</i>. See <u>Deed</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>An
evil deed; a wicked action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evils which our own <i>misdeeds</i> have
wrought.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Misconduct; misdemeanor; fault; offense; trespass;
transgression; crime.</p>

<p><hw>Mis*deem"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
misjudge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`de*mean"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To behave
ill; -- with a reflexive pronoun; as, to <i>misdemean</i> one's
self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`de*mean"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One guilty
of a misdemeanor.</def>  <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`de*mean"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ill behavior; evil conduct; fault.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A crime less than a
felony.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; As a rule, in the old English law, offenses capitally
punishable were felonies; all other indictable offenses were
misdemeanors. In common usage, the word <i>crime</i> is employed to
denote the offenses of a deeper and more atrocious dye, while small
faults and omissions of less consequence are comprised under the
gentler name of <i>misdemeanors</i>.  <i>Blackstone.</i><BR>
<BR>
   The distinction, however, between felonies and misdemeanors is
purely arbitrary, and is in most jurisdictions either abrogated or so
far reduced as to be without practical value.  Cf. <u>Felony</u>.
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Misdeed; misconduct; misbehavior; fault; trespass;
transgression.</p>

<p><hw>Mis*dempt"</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Misdeem</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`de*part"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
distribute wrongly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>misdeparteth</i> riches temporal.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`de*rive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn or divert improperly; to
misdirect.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To derive erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`de*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
describe wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`de*sert"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ill desert.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`de*vo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mistaken
devotion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*di"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Improper
diet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*di"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To diet
improperly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*dight"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Arrayed,
prepared, or furnished, unsuitably.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`di*rect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give a
wrong direction to; as, to <i>misdirect</i> a passenger, or a letter;
to <i>misdirect</i> one's energies.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`di*rec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of directing wrongly, or the state of
being so directed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An error of a judge in
charging the jury on a matter of law.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*dis`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Erroneous disposal or application.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`dis*tin"guish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
make wrong distinctions in or concerning.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`di*vide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To divide
wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`di*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
division.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*do"</hw> (m&ibreve;s*d&oomac;"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Misdid</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Misdone</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Misdoing</u>.] [AS. <i>misd&omacr;n</i>. See <u>Do</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To do wrongly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Afford me place to show what recompense<BR>
Towards thee I intend for what I have <i>misdone</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do wrong to; to illtreat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*do"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To do wrong; to
commit a fault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>misdone</i>, and I endure the
smart.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*do"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrongdoer.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*do"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrong done; a
fault or crime; an offense; as, it was my <i>misdoing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*doubt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To be
suspicious of; to have suspicion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I do not <i>misdoubt</i> my wife.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*doubt"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Suspicion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Irresolution; hesitation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*doubt"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a</i></pos> <def>Misgiving;
hesitating.</def> [Obs.] "Her <i>misdoubtful</i> mind."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*dread"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dread of
evil.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mise</i> a putting,
setting, expense, fr. <i>mis</i>, <i>mise</i>, p. p. of <i>mettre</i>
to put, lay, fr. LL. <i>mittere</i> to send.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The issue in a writ of
right.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expense; cost; disbursement.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tax or tallage; in Wales, an honorary
gift of the people to a new king or prince of Wales; also, a tribute
paid, in the country palatine of Chester, England, at the change of
the owner of the earldom.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*ease"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mesaise</i>,
OF. <i>mesaise</i>.] <def>Want of ease; discomfort; misery.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*eased"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
discomfort or misery; troubled.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*eas"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not easy;
painful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis`e*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An incorrect
or spurious edition.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*ed"u*cate</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
educate in a wrong manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`em*ploy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To employ
amiss; as, to <i>misemploy</i> time, advantages, talents,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their frugal father's gains they
<i>misemploy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`em*ploy"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong or
mistaken employment.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*en"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enter or
insert wrongly, as a charge in an account.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`en*treat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat
wrongfully.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*en"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An erroneous
entry or charge, as of an account.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"ser</hw> (m&imacr;"z&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>miser</i> wretched, miserable; cf. Gr. <grk>mi^sos</grk> hate,
<grk>misei^n</grk> to hate: cf. It. &amp; Sp. <i>misero</i> wretched,
avaricious.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wretched person; a person afflicted by
any great misfortune.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The woeful words of a <i>miser</i> now
despairing.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A despicable person; a wretch.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A covetous, grasping, mean person; esp.,
one having wealth, who lives miserably for the sake of saving and
increasing his hoard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As some lone <i>miser</i>, visiting his store,<BR>
Bends at his treasure, counts, recounts it o'er.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kind of large earth auger.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mis&eacute;rable</i>, L. <i>miserabilis</i>, fr. <i>miserari</i>
to lament, pity, fr. <i>miser</i> wretched. See <u>Miser</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very unhappy; wretched.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What hopes delude thee, <i>miserable</i>
man?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing unhappiness or misery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What 's more <i>miserable</i> than
discontent?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Worthless; mean; despicable; as, a
<i>miserable</i> fellow; a <i>miserable</i> dinner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Miserable</i> comforters are ye all.</blockquote>
<i>Job xvi. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Avaricious; niggardly; miserly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abject; forlorn; pitiable; wretched.</p>

<p><hw>Mis"er*a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A miserable
person.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"er*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being miserable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"er*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a miserable;
unhappily; calamitously; wretchedly; meanly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were <i>miserably</i> entertained.</blockquote>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fifth was <i>miserably</i> stabbed to
death.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Commiseration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mis`e*re"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., have mercy,
fr. <i>misereri</i> to have mercy, fr. <i>miser</i>. See
<u>Miser</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The psalm usually
appointed for penitential acts, being the 50th psalm in the Latin
version. It commences with the word <i>miserere</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A musical composition adapted to the 50th
psalm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where only the wind signs
<i>miserere</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small projecting boss or
bracket, on the under side of the hinged seat of a church stall (see
<u>Stall</u>). It was intended, the seat being turned up, to give
some support to a worshiper when standing. Called also
<i>misericordia</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Ileus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"er*i*corde"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mis&eacute;ricorde</i>. See <u>Misericordia</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Compassion; pity; mercy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Armor.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Misericordia</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mis`e*ri*cor"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., mercy,
compassion; <i>miser</i> wretched + <i>cor</i>, <i>cordis</i>,
heart.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(O. Law)</i> <def>An amercement.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Armor.)</i> <def>A thin-bladed dagger;
so called, in the Middle Ages, because used to give the death wound
or "mercy" stroke to a fallen adversary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An indulgence as to food or
dress granted to a member of a religious order.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><! p. 930 !></p>

<p><hw>Mi"ser*ly</hw> (m&imacr;"z&etilde;r*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Miser</u>.] <def>Like a miser; very
covetous; sordid; niggardly.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Avaricious; niggardly; sordid; parsimonious;
penurious; covetous; stingy; mean. See <u>Avaricious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mi"ser*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Miseries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>miserie</i>, L.
<i>miseria</i>, fr. <i>miser</i> wretched: cf. F.
<i>mis&egrave;re</i>, OF. also, <i>miserie</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Great unhappiness; extreme pain of body or
mind; wretchedness; distress; woe.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Destruction and <i>misery</i> are in their
ways.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iii. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cause of misery; calamity;
misfortune.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When we our betters see bearing our woes,<BR>
We scarcely think our <i>miseries</i> our foes.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Covetousness; niggardliness;
avarice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wretchedness; torture; agony; torment; anguish;
distress; calamity; misfortune.</p>

<p><hw>Mis`es*teem"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;sestime</i>.] <def>Want of esteem; disrespect.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*es"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
estimate erroneously.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*ex`pla*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
erroneous explanation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*ex`pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
explication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*ex`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
exposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ex*pound"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
expound erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ex*pres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
expression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*faith"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of faith;
distrust.</def> "[Anger] born of your <i>misfaith</i>."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*fall"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Misfell</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Misfallen</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Misfalling</u>.] <def>To befall, as ill luck; to happen to
unluckily.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*fare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>misfaran</i>.] <def>To fare ill.</def> [Obs.] --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Misfortune.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*fash"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form
wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*fea"sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. pref.
<i>mes-</i> wrong (L. <i>minus</i> less) + <i>faisance</i> doing, fr.
<i>faire</i> to do, L. <i>facere</i>.  Cf. <u>Malfeasance</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A trespass; a wrong done; the improper doing of an
act which a person might lawfully do.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*fea"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ill
feature.</def> [R.]  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*feel"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Insensate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*feign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To feign
with an evil design.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*fit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or the state of fitting badly; as, a <i>misfit</i> in
making a coat; a ludicrous <i>misfit</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something that fits badly, as a
garment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw an uneasy change in Mr. Micawber, which sat
tightly on him, as if his new duties were a
<i>misfit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Misformed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Misforming</u>.] <def>To make in an ill form.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`for*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Malformation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*for"tu*nate</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Producing misfortune.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*for"tune</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bad fortune
or luck; calamity; an evil accident; disaster; mishap;
mischance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Consider why the change was wrought,<BR>
You 'll find his <i>misfortune</i>, not his fault.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Calamity; mishap; mischance; misadventure; ill;
harm; disaster. See <u>Calamity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mis*for"tune</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To happen
unluckily or unfortunately; to miscarry; to fail.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Stow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*for"tuned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unfortunate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*frame"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To frame
wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*get"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To get
wrongfully.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*gie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Misgye</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*give"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Misgave</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Misgiven</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Misgiving</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give or grant amiss.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Laud.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: To give doubt and
apprehension to, instead of confidence and courage; to impart fear
to; to make irresolute; -- usually said of the mind or heart, and
followed by the objective personal pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So doth my heart <i>misgive</i> me in these
conflicts<BR>
What may befall him, to his harm and ours.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such whose consciences <i>misgave</i> them, how ill
they had deserved.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suspect; to dread.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*give"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give out doubt
and apprehension; to be fearful or irresolute.</def> "My mind
<i>misgives</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*giv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Evil premonition;
doubt; distrust.</def> "Suspicious and <i>misgivings</i>."
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*go"</hw> (-g&omacr;"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go
astray.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*got"ten</hw> (-g&obreve;t"t'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unjustly gotten.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*gov"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To govern
ill; as, to <i>misgovern</i> a country.</def>  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*gov"ern*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Misgovernment; misconduct; misbehavior.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*gov"erned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ill
governed, as a people; ill directed.</def> "Rude, <i>misgoverned</i>
hands."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*gov"ern*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bad
government; want of government.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*gra"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
gracious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*graff"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
misgraft.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*graft"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To graft
wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*ground"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To found
erroneously.</def> "<i>Misgrounded</i> conceit."  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*growth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bad growth; an
unnatural or abnormal growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*guess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
guess wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*guid"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
guidance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*guide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To guide
wrongly; to lead astray; as, to <i>misguide</i> the
understanding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*guide"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Misguidance;
error.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*guid"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Misleading.</def>
-- <wf>Mis*guid"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mis*gye"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
misguide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*han"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To handle
ill or wrongly; to maltreat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*hap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Evil accident;
ill luck; misfortune; mischance.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Secure from worldly chances and
<i>mishaps</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*hap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To happen
unluckily; -- used impersonally.</def> [Obs.] "If that me
<i>mishap</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*hap"pen</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To happen
ill or unluckily.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*hap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unhappy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mish*cup"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Scup</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The scup.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*hear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To hear
incorrectly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mish"mash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>mish-
mash</i>, fr. <i>mischen</i> to mix.] <def>A hotchpotch.</def>
<i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mish"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NHeb.
<i>mishn&amacr;h</i>, i. e., repetition, doubling, explanation (of
the divine law), fr. Heb. <i>sh&amacr;n&amacr;h</i> to change, to
repeat.] <def>A collection or digest of Jewish traditions and
explanations of Scripture, forming the text of the Talmud.</def>
[Written also <i>Mischna</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mish"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Mishna.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`im*ag`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
imagination; delusion.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`im*prove"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To use
for a bad purpose; to abuse; to misuse; as, to <i>misimprove</i>
time, talents, advantages, etc.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Mis`im*prove"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ill use or
employment; use for a bad purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"in*cline"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause
to have a wrong inclination or tendency; to affect wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`in*fer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To infer
incorrectly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`in*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give
untrue information to; to inform wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`in*form"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give untrue
information; (with <i>against</i>) to calumniate.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`in*form"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
misinformer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*in`for*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Untrue
or incorrect information.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`in*form"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gives untrue or incorrect information.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`in*struct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
instruct amiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`in*struc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong or
improper instruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`in*tel"li*gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wrong information; misinformation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disagreement; misunderstanding.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis`in*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To aim
amiss.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis`in*ter"pret</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
interpret erroneously; to understand or to explain in a wrong
sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`in*ter"pret*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being misinterpreted; liable to be
misunderstood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`in*ter"pre*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of interpreting erroneously; a mistaken interpretation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`in*ter"pret*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
interprets erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*join"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To join
unfitly or improperly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*join"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>An incorrect union of parties or of causes of action in a
procedure, criminal or civil.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*judge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
judge erroneously or unjustly; to err in judgment; to
misconstrue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*judg"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>misjudgement</i>.] <def>A wrong or unjust judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*keep"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To keep
wrongly.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*ken"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Not to
know.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. for <i>music + -
kin</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A little bagpipe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*kin"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To kindle
amiss; to inflame to a bad purpose; to excite wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*know"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To have a
mistaken notion of or about.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`lac*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Defective flow or vitiated condition of the milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mislaid</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mislaying</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay in a wrong place; to ascribe to a
wrong source.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fault is generally <i>mislaid</i> upon
nature.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay in a place not recollected; to
lose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . charter, indeed, was unfortunately
<i>mislaid</i>: and the prayer of their petition was to obtain one of
like import in its stead.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*lay"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
mislays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"sle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Misled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Misling</u> (?).] [Prop. <i>mistle</i>, fr. <i>mist</i>.  Cf.
<u>Mistle</u>, <u>Mizzle</u>.] <def>To rain in very fine drops, like
a thick mist; to mizzle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"sle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fine rain; a thick
mist; mizzle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*lead"</hw> (m&ibreve;s*l&emacr;d"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Misled</u> (-
l&ebreve;d"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Misleading</u>.]
[AS. <i>misl&aemacr;dan</i>. See <u>Mis-</u>, and <u>Lead</u> to
conduct.] <def>To lead into a wrong way or path; to lead astray; to
guide into error; to cause to mistake; to deceive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trust not servants who <i>mislead</i> or misinform
you.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To give due light<BR>
To the <i>mislead</i> and lonely traveler.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To delude; deceive. See <u>Deceive</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mis*lead"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who leads
into error.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*lead"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Leading astray;
delusive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*learn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To learn
wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*led"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Mislead</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"len</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Maslin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"le*toe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mistletoe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*light"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deceive
or lead astray with a false light.</def>  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*like"</hw> (-l&imacr;k"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Misliked</u> (l&imacr;kt");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Misliking</u>.] [AS.
<i>misl&imacr;cian</i> to displease. See <u>Like</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To dislike; to disapprove of; to have
aversion to; as, to <i>mislike</i> a man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who may like or <i>mislike</i> what he
says.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*like"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dislike;
disapprobation; aversion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*lik"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dislikes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*lik"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dislike;
aversion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Maslin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*live"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To live
amiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*lodge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lodge
amiss.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*luck"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ill luck;
misfortune.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Raining in very
small drops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*make"</hw> (m&ibreve;s*m&amacr;k"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To make or form amiss; to spoil in making.</def>
"Limping possibilities of <i>mismade</i> human nature."  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*man"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
manage ill or improperly; as, to <i>mismanage</i> public
affairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*man"age*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong or
bad management; as, he failed through <i>mismagement</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*man"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
manages ill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*mark"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark
wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*match"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To match
unsuitably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*mate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mate
wrongly or unsuitably; as, to <i>mismate</i> gloves or shoes; a
<i>mismated</i> couple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*meas"ure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
measure or estimate incorrectly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*meas"ure*ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
measurement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*me"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give the
wrong meter to, as to a line of verse.</def> [R.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*name"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To call by
the wrong name; to give a wrong or inappropriate name to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*no"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. pref. <i>mes-
</i> amiss, wrong (L. <i>minus</i> less) + F. <i>nommer</i> to name,
L. <i>nominare</i>, fr. <i>nomen</i> name. See <u>Name</u>.] <def>The
misnaming of a person in a legal instrument, as in a complaint or
indictment; any misnaming of a person or thing; a wrong or
inapplicable name or title.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many of the changes, by a great <i>misnomer</i>,
called parliamentary "reforms".</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The word "synonym" is fact a
<i>misnomer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Whatel&?;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*no"mer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
misname.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*num"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To number
wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*nur"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
nurture or train wrongly; as, to <i>misnurture</i> children.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`o*be"di*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mistaken
obedience; disobedience.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ob*serve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
observe inaccurately; to mistake in observing.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`ob*serv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
misobserves; one who fails to observe properly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*sog"a*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>misei^n</grk> to hate + &?; marriage.] <def>A hater of
marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*sog"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>misogamie</i>.] <def>Hatre&?; of marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*sog"y*nist</hw>
(m&ibreve;*s&obreve;j"&ibreve;*n&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>misogy`nhs</grk>, <grk>misogy`naios</grk>;
<grk>misei^n</grk> to hate + <grk>gynh`</grk>: cf. F.
<i>misogyne</i>.] <def>A woman hater.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi*sog"y*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hating
women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*sog"y*ny</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>misogyni`a</grk>: cf. F. <i>misogynie</i>.] <def>Hatred of
women.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi*sol"o*gy</hw> (m&ibreve;*s&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>misologi`a</grk>; <grk>misei^n</grk>
to hate + <grk>lo`gos</grk> discourse.] <def>Hatred of argument or
discussion; hatred of enlightenment.</def>  <i>G. H. Lewes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`o*pin"ion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
opinion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*or"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To order
ill; to manage erroneously; to conduct badly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*or"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Irregularity;
disorder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*or"der*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Irregular;
disorderly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*or`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
ordination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"o*the`ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>misei^n</grk> to hate + <grk>qeo`s</grk> god.] <def>Hatred of
God.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*paint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To paint
ill, or wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*pas"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong passion
or feeling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*pay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Appay</u>.]
<def>To dissatisfy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*pell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<hw>Mis*pend"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, etc. <def>See
<u>Misspell</u>, <u>Misspend</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*pense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Misspense</u>.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`per*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Erroneous
perception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`per*suade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
persuade amiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`per*sua"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A false
persuasion; wrong notion or opinion.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*pick"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Arsenical iron pyrites; arsenopyrite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*place"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Misplaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Misplacing</u> (?).] <def>To put in a wrong place; to
set or place on an improper or unworthy object; as, he
<i>misplaced</i> his confidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*place"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
misplacing, or the state of being misplaced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*plead"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To err in
pleading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*plead"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An
error in pleading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*point"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To point
improperly; to punctuate wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*pol"i*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong policy;
impolicy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*prac"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
practice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*praise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To praise
amiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*print"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To print
wrong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*print"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mistake in
printing; a deviation from the copy; as, a book full of
<i>misprints</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*prise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Misprize</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*prise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>mesprise</i>
mistake, F. <i>m&eacute;prise</i>, fr. <i>mespris</i>, masc.,
<i>mesprise</i>, fem., p. p. of <i>mesprendre</i> to mistake; F.
<i>m&eacute;prendre</i>; pref. <i>mes-</i> amiss + <i>prendre</i> to
take, L. <i>prehendere</i>.] <def>To mistake.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*pri"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>misprisio</i>, or OF. <i>mesprison</i>, prop., a mistaking, but
confused with OF. <i>mespris</i> contempt, F. <i>m&eacute;pris</i>.
See 2d <u>Misprise</u>, <u>Misprize</u>, <u>Prison</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of misprising; misapprehension;
misconception; mistake.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>misprision</i> of this passage has aided in
fostering the delusive notion.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Neglect; undervaluing; contempt.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A neglect, negligence, or
contempt.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In its larger and older sense it was used to signify "every
considerable misdemeanor which has not a certain name given to it in
the law."  <i>Russell.</i><BR>
<BR>
  In a more modern sense it is applied exclusively to two offenses: -
-<BR>
  1. Misprision of treason, which is omission to notify the
authorities of an act of treason by a person cognizant thereof.
<i>Stephen.</i>  2. Misprision of felony, which is a concealment of a
felony by a person cognizant thereof.  <i>Stephen.</i></p>

<p><! p. 931 !></p>

<p><hw>Mis*prize"</hw> (m&ibreve;s*pr&imacr;z"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>mesprisier</i> to deprise, F.
<i>m&eacute;priser</i>; pref. amiss, wrong (L. <i>minus</i> less +
LL. <i>pretium</i> price. See <u>price</u>, <u>Prize</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To slight or undervalue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, for those vanished hours, so much
<i>misprized</i>!</blockquote> <i>Hillhouse.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not blame them, madam, nor
<i>misprize</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`pro*ceed"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong or
irregular proceding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`pro*fess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
false profession; to make pretensions to skill which is not
possessed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`pro*fess"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a
false profession of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`pro*nounce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mispronounced</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Mispronouncing</u> (?).] <def>To pronounce
incorrectly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`pro*nun`ci*a"tion</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Wrong or improper pronunciation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`pro*por"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
give wrong proportions to; to join without due proportion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*proud"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Viciously
proud.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*punc"tu*ate</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
punctuate wrongly or incorrectly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`quo*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Erroneous
or inaccurate quotation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*quote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
quote erroneously or incorrectly.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*raise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To raise or
excite unreasonable.</def> "<i>Misraised</i> fury."  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*rate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rate
erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*read"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Misread</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Misreading</u> (?).] <def>To read amiss; to misunderstand in
reading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*ceive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
receive wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*cit"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
inaccurate recital.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*cite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
recite erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*reck"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
reckon wrongly; to miscalculate.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*reck"on*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An erroneous
computation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*rec`ol*lect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To have an erroneous remembrance of; to suppose erroneously that
one recollects.</def>  <i>Hitchcock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*rec`ol*lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Erroneous or inaccurate recollection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reform
wrongly or imperfectly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*gard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
understanding; misconstruction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*reg"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
regulate wrongly or imperfectly; to fail to regulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*hearse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
rehearse or quote incorrectly.</def>  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*late"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To relate
inaccurately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Erroneous
relation or narration.</def>  <i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*li"gion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>False
religion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*mem"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
mistake in remembering; not to remember correctly.</def>  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*ren"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
wrongly; to translate or recite wrongly.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*peat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To repeat
wrongly; to give a wrong version of.</def>  <i>Gov. Winthrop.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
report erroneously; to give an incorrect account of.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*port"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An erroneous
report; a false or incorrect account given.</def>  <i>Denham.
South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*rep`re*sent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
represent incorrectly (almost always, unfavorably); to give a false
or erroneous representation of, either maliciously, ignorantly, or
carelessly.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*rep`re*sent"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make an
incorrect or untrue representation.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*rep`re*sen*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Untrue representation; false or incorrect statement or account;
-- usually unfavorable to the thing represented; as, a
<i>misrepresentation</i> of a person's motives.</def>  <i>Sydney
Smith.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In popular use, this word often conveys the idea of
intentional untruth.</p>

<p><hw>Mis*rep`re*sent"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tending to convey a wrong impression; misrepresenting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*rep`re*sent"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
misrepresents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`re*pute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To have in
wrong estimation; to repute or estimate erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*rule"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To rule
badly; to misgovern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*rule"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act, or the result, of misruling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disorder; confusion; tumult from
insubordination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Enormous riot and <i>misrule</i>
surveyed.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Abbot of Misrule</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Lord of
Misrule</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Abbot</u>, and
<u>Lord</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mis*rul"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unruly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Miss</hw> (m&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Misses</b></plw> (-s&ebreve;z). [Contr. fr. <i>mistress</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A title of courtesy prefixed to the name of a
girl or a woman who has not been married. See <u>Mistress</u>,
5.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There is diversity of usage in the application of this
title to two or more persons of the same name. We may write either
<i>the Miss Browns</i> or <i>the Misses Brown</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young unmarried woman or a girl; as, she
is a <i>miss</i> of sixteen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gay vanity, with smiles and kisses,<BR>
Was busy 'mongst the maids and misses.</blockquote>
<i>Cawthorn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kept mistress. See <u>Mistress</u>,
4.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>In the game of
three-card loo, an extra hand, dealt on the table, which may be
substituted for the hand dealt to a player.</def></p>

<p><hw>Miss</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Missed</u> (m&ibreve;st); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Missing</u>.] [AS. <i>missan</i>; akin to D. &amp; G.
<i>missen</i>, OHG. <i>missan</i>, Icel. <i>missa</i>, Sw.
<i>mista</i>, Dan. <i>miste</i>. &radic;100. See <u>Mis-</u>, pref.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fail of hitting, reaching, getting,
finding, seeing, hearing, etc.; as, to <i>miss</i> the mark one
shoots at; to <i>miss</i> the train by being late; to <i>miss</i>
opportunites of getting knowledge; to <i>miss</i> the point or
meaning of something said.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a man <i>misses</i> his great end, happiness, he
will acknowledge he judged not right.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To omit; to fail to have or to do; to get
without; to dispense with; -- now seldom applied to
persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She would never <i>miss</i>, one day,<BR>
A walk so fine, a sight so gay.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We cannot <i>miss</i> him; he does make our fire,<BR>
Fetch in our wood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To discover the absence or omission of; to
feel the want of; to mourn the loss of; to want.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither <i>missed</i> we anything . . . Nothing was
<i>missed</i> of all that pertained unto him.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam.
xxv. 15, 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What by me thou hast lost, thou least shalt
<i>miss</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To miss stays</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Stay</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Miss</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To fail to hit; to fly wide; to deviate from the true
direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men observe when things hit, and not when they
<i>miss</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Flying bullets now,<BR>
To execute his rage, appear too slow;<BR>
They <i>miss</i>, or sweep but common souls away.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fail to obtain, learn, or find; -- with
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the least reflection, we can not <i>miss</i> of
them.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go wrong; to err.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Amongst the angels, a whole legion<BR>
Of wicked sprites did fall from happy bliss;<BR>
What wonder then if one, of women all, did <i>miss</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be absent, deficient, or wanting.</def>
[Obs.] See <u>Missing</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>What here shall <i>miss</i>, our toil shall strive to
mend.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Miss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of missing; failure to hit, reach, find, obtain, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Loss; want; felt absence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There will be no great <i>miss</i> of those which are
lost.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mistake; error; fault.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He did without any great <i>miss</i> in the hardest
points of grammar.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Harm from mistake.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mis"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Miss&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [LL. See 1st <u>Mass</u>.]
<i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>The service or sacrifice of the Mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>missale</i>,
liber <i>missalis</i>, from <i>missa</i> mass: cf. F. <i>missel</i>.
See 1st <u>Mass</u>.] <def>The book containing the service of the
Mass for the entire year; a Mass book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Mass, or to a missal or Mass book.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*say"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To say wrongly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To speak evil of; to slander.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*say"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To speak
ill.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*seek"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To seek for
wrongly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*seem"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a false appearance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To misbecome; to be misbecoming.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mistletoe.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Missel bird</b></col>, <col><b>Missel thrush</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large European thrush (<i>Turdus
viscivorus</i>) which feeds on the berries of the mistletoe; --
called also <i>mistletoe thrush</i> and <i>missel</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sel*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Mistletoe</u>.] [Written also <i>misselden</i>.] <def>The
mistletoe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Baret.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sel*toe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mistletoe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*sem"blance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>False
resemblance or semblance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*send"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To send amiss
or incorrectly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*serve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
serve unfaithfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*set"</hw> (m&ibreve;s*s&ebreve;t"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To set or place wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*shape"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shape
ill; to give an ill or unnatural from to; to deform.</def> "Figures
monstrous and <i>misshaped</i>."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*shap"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a bad
or ugly form.</def> "The mountains are <i>misshapen</i>."
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Mis*shap"en*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mis*shap"en*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mis*sheathed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sheathed by
mistake; wrongly sheathed; sheathed in a wrong place.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*sif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>missa</i> Mass + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>fy-
</u>.] <def>To perform Mass.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>missils</i>,
fr. <i>mittere</i>, <i>missum</i>, to cause to go, to send, to throw;
cf. Lith. <i>mesti</i> to throw: cf. F. <i>missile</i>.  Cf.
<u>Admit</u>, <u>Dismiss</u>, <u>Mass</u> the religious service,
<u>Message</u>, <u>Mission</u>.] <def>Capable of being thrown;
adapted for hurling or to be projected from the hand, or from any
instrument or engine, so as to strike an object at a
distance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We bend the bow, or wing the <i>missile</i>
dart.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>missile</i>.]
<def>A weapon thrown or projected or intended to be projected, as a
lance, an arrow, or a bullet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Miss"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Miss</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Absent from the place where it was
expected to be found; lost; wanting; not present when called or
looked for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither was there aught <i>missing</i> unto
them.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xxv. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For a time caught up to God, as once<BR>
Moses was in the mount, and <i>missing</i> long.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Miss"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a sense of
loss.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>missio</i>, fr.
<i>mittere</i>, <i>missum</i>, to send: cf. F. <i>mission</i>. See
<u>Missile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of sending, or the
state of being sent; a being sent or delegated by authority, with
certain powers for transacting business; comission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose glorious deeds, but in these fields of late,<BR>
Made emulous <i>missions</i> 'mongst the gods
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That with which a messenger or agent is
charged; an errand; business or duty on which one is sent; a
commission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How to begin, how to accomplish best<BR>
His end of being on earth, and <i>mission</i> high.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Persons sent; any number of persons
appointed to perform any service; a delegation; an embassy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In these ships there should be a <i>mission</i> of
three of the fellows or brethren of Solomon's house.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An assotiation or organization of
missionaries; a station or residence of missionaries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An organization for worship and work,
dependent on one or more churches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A course of extraordinary sermons and
services at a particular place and time for the special purpose of
quickening the faith and zeal participants, and of converting
unbelievers.</def>  <i>Addis &amp; Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Dismission; discharge from service.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Mission school</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A school
connected with a mission and conducted by missionaries</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A school for the religious instruction of
children not having regular church privileges.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Message; errand; commission; deputation.</p>

<p><hw>Mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To send on a
mission.</def> [Mostly used in the form of the past participle.]
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sion*ary</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Missionaries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>missionnaire</i>. See
<u>Mission</u>, <pos><i>n</i></pos>.] <def>One who is sent on a
mission; especially, one sent to propagate religion.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Missionary apostolic</b></col>, <cd>a Roman Catholic
missionary sent by commission from the pope.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sion*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to missions; as, a <i>missionary</i> meeting; a <i>missionary</i>
fund.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A missionary;
an envoy; one who conducts a mission. See <u>Mission</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def> "Like mighty <i>missioner</i> you
come."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mistress; a
wife; -- so used by the illiterate.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Miss"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a miss; prim;
affected; sentimental.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Miss"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mis*sit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sit badly
or imperfectly upon; to misbecome.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Missive</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Specially sent;
intended or prepared to be sent; as, a letter <i>missive</i>.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Missile.</def> "The <i>missive</i> weapons
fly."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Letters missive</b></col>, <cd>letters conveying the
permission, comand, or advice of a superior authority, as a
sovereign. They are addressed and sent to some certain person or
persons, and are distinguished from <i>letters patent</i>, which are
addressed to the public.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. lettre <i>missive</i>.
See <u>Mission</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is sent; a writing containing a message.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is sent; a messenger.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*sound"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sound
wrongly; to utter or pronounce incorrectly.</def>  <i>E,Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*speak"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To err in
speaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*speak"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter
wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*speech"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
speech.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*spell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Misspelled</u> (?), or <u>Misspelt</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Misspelling</u>.] <def>To spell
incorrectly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*spell"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrong
spelling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*spend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Misspent</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Misspending</u>.] <def>To spend amiss or for wrong
purposes; to squander; to waste; as, to <i>misspend</i> time or
money.</def>  <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*spend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
misspends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*spense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spending
improperly; a wasting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*spent"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Misspend</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*state"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To state
wrongly; as, to <i>misstate</i> a question in debate.</def>  <i>Bp.
Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*state"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
incorrect statement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*stayed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Having missed stays; -- said of a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*step"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrong step; an
error of conduct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*step"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take a wrong
step; to go astray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`suc*cess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Failure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis`sug*ges"tion</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Wrong or evil suggestion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis`sum*ma"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
summation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*swear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To swear
falsely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Misy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"sy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An affectionate, or
contemptuous, form of <i>miss</i>; a young girl; a miss.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a miss, or girl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mist</hw> (m&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>mist</i>; akin to D. &amp; Sw. <i>mist</i>, Icel. <i>mistr</i>, G.
<i>mist</i> dung, Goth. <i>ma&iacute;hstus</i>, AS.
<i>m&imacr;gan</i> to make water, Icel. <i>m&imacr;ga</i>, Lith.
<i>migla</i> mist, Russ. <i>mgla</i>, L. <i>mingere</i>,
<i>meiere</i>, to make water, Gr. &?; to make water, &?; mist, Skr.
<i>mih</i> to make water, n., a mist <i>m&fist;gha</i> cloud.
&radic;102.  Cf. <u>Misle</u>, <u>Mizzle</u>, <u>Mixen</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Visible watery vapor suspended in the
atmosphere, at or near the surface of the earth; fog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coarse, watery vapor, floating or falling
in visible particles, approaching the form of rain; as, Scotch
<i>mist</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, anything which dims or darkens, and
obscures or intercepts vision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His passion cast a <i>mist</i> before his
sense.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mist flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a composite plant
(<i>Eupatorium c&oelig;lestinum</i>), having heart-shaped leaves, and
corymbs of lavender-blue flowers. It is found in the Western and
Southern United States.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mist</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Misted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Misting</u>.] <def>To cloud; to cover with mist; to dim.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mist</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rain in very fine
drops; as, it <i>mists</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*tak"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to be
mistaken; capable of being misconceived.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*take"</hw> (m&ibreve;s*t&amacr;k"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; obs. p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mistook</u> (-
t&oocr;k"); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mistaken</u> (-t&amacr;k"'n);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Mistaking</u>.] [Pref. <i>mis-
</i> + <i>take</i>: cf. Icel. <i>mistaka</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take or choose wrongly.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take in a wrong sense; to misunderstand
misapprehend, or misconceive; as, to <i>mistake</i> a remark; to
<i>mistake</i> one's meaning.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My father's purposes have been
<i>mistook</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To substitute in thought or perception;
as, to <i>mistake</i> one person for another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man may <i>mistake</i> the love of virtue for the
practice of it.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have a wrong idea of in respect of
character, qualities, etc.; to misjudge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mistake</i> me not so much,<BR>
To think my poverty is treacherous.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*take"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To err in
knowledge, perception, opinion, or judgment; to commit an
unintentional error.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Servants <i>mistake</i>, and sometimes occasion
misunderstanding among friends.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><! p. 932 !></p>

<p><hw>Mis*take"</hw> (m&ibreve;s*t&amacr;k"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An apprehending wrongly; a misconception; a
misunderstanding; a fault in opinion or judgment; an unintentional
error of conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Infallibility is an absolute security of the
understanding from all possibility of <i>mistake</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Misconception, error, which
when non-negligent may be ground for rescinding a contract, or for
refusing to perform it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>No mistake</b></col>, <cd>surely; without fail; as, it
will happen at the appointed time, and <i>no mistake</i>.</cd>
[Low]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blunder; error; bull. See <u>Blunder</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mis*tak"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being in error; judging wrongly; having a
wrong opinion or a misconception; as, a <i>mistaken</i> man; he is
<i>mistaken</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Erroneous; wrong; as, a <i>mistaken</i>
notion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*tak"en*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
mistake.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*tak"en*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Erroneousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*tak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
mistakes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well meaning ignorance of some
<i>mistakers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*tak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An error; a
mistake.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*tak"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*taught"</hw> (m&ibreve;s*t&add;t"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Misteach</u>.] <def>Wrongly taught; as, a <i>mistaught</i>
youth.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*teach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mistaught</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Misteaching</u>.] [AS. <i>mist&aemacr;can</i>.]
<def>To teach wrongly; to instruct erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*tell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mistold</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mistelling</u>.] <def>To tell erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*tem"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To temper
ill; to disorder; as, to <i>mistemper</i> one's head.</def>
<i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This inundation of <i>mistempered</i>
humor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Master</u>, and
cf. <u>Mistress</u>.] <def>A title of courtesy prefixed to the name
of a man or youth. It is usually written in the abbreviated form
<i>Mr</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To call your name, inquire your where,<BR>
Or what you think of <i>Mister</i> Some-one's book,<BR>
Or <i>Mister</i> Other's marriage or decease.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To address or
mention by the title Mr.; as, he <i>mistered</i> me in a formal
way.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>mistier</i> trade,
office, ministry, need, F. <i>m&eacute;tier</i> trade, fr. L.
<i>ministerium</i> service, office, ministry. See <u>Ministry</u>,
<u>Mystery</u> trade.] [Written also <i>mester</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A trade, art, or occupation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In youth he learned had a good
<i>mester</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manner; kind; sort.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But telleth me what <i>mester</i> men ye
be.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Need; necessity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of
R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be needful or of
use.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As for my name, it <i>mistereth</i> not to
tell.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*term"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To call by a
wrong name; to miscall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mystery</u>, a trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mist"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clouded with, or
as with, mist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*think"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Think</u>.] <def>To think wrongly.</def> [Obs.] "Adam
<i>misthought</i> of her."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*think"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To have
erroneous thoughts or judgment of; to think ill of.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*thought"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Erroneous
thought; mistaken opinion; error.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*thrive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To thrive
poorly; to be not thrifty or prosperous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*throw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw
wrongly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Mis"ti*co</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>m&iacute;stico</i>.] <def>A kind of
small sailing vessel used in the Mediterranean. It is rigged partly
like a xebec, and partly like a felucca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*tide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>mist&imacr;dan</i>. See <u>Tide</u>.] <def>To happen or come to
pass unfortunately; also, to suffer evil fortune.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Mis`ti`gris"</hw> (?), <hw>||Mis`ti`gri"</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mistigri</i>.] <def>A variety of the game
of poker in which the joker is used, and called <i>mistigris</i> or
<i>mistigri</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mist"i*head</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mistiness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mist"i*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With mist; darkly;
obscurely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*time"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>mist&imacr;main</i> to turn out ill.] <def>To time wrongly; not to
adapt to the time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mist"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
misty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mistio</i>,
<i>mixtio</i>. See <u>Mix</u>, and cf. <u>Mixtion</u>.]
<def>Mixture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*ti"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To call by a
wrong title.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Eng. <i>mist</i>.
See <u>Misle</u>, and <u>Mizzle</u>.] <def>To fall in very fine
drops, as rain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"tle*toe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>mistelt&amacr;n</i>; <i>mistel</i> mistletoe + <i>t&amacr;n</i>
twig. AS. <i>mistel</i> is akin of D., G., Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>mistel</i>,
OHG. <i>mistil</i>, Icel. <i>mistil</i>teinn; and AS.
<i>t&amacr;n</i> to D. <i>teen</i>, OHG. <i>zein</i>, Icel.
<i>teinn</i>, Goth. <i>tains</i>.  Cf. <u>Missel</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A parasitic evergreen plant of Europe <i>(Viscum album)</i>,
bearing a glutinous fruit. When found upon the oak, where it is rare,
it was an object of superstitious regard among the Druids. A bird
lime is prepared from its fruit.</def> [Written also <i>misletoe</i>,
<i>misseltoe</i>, and <i>mistleto</i>.]  <i>Lindley. Loudon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The mistletoe of the United States is <i>Phoradendron
flavescens</i>, having broader leaves than the European kind. In
different regions various similar plants are called by this name.</p>

<p><hw>||Mis"to*nusk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the Indian
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American badger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*took"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; obs. p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Mistake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`tra*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrong
tradition.</def> "Monsters of <i>mistradition</i>."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*train"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To train
amiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
Proven&ccedil;al.] <def>A violent and cold northwest wind experienced
in the Mediterranean provinces of France, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`trans*late"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
translate erroneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`trans*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
translation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis`trans*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
carry away or mislead wrongfully, as by passion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*tread"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Misstep;
misbehavior.</def> "To punish my <i>mistreadings</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*treat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat
amiss; to abuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*treat"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong
treatment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>maistress</i>, OF. <i>maistresse</i>, F. <i>ma&icirc;tresse</i>,
LL. <i>magistrissa</i>, for L. <i>magistra</i>, fem. of
<i>magister</i>. See <u>Master</u>, <u>Mister</u>, and cf.
<u>Miss</u> a young woman.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman having
power, authority, or ownership; a woman who exercises authority, is
chief, etc.; the female head of a family, a school, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The late queen's gentlewoman! a knight's daughter!<BR>
To be her <i>mistress</i>' <i>mistress</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman well skilled in anything, or
having the mastery over it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A letter desires all young wives to make themselves
<i>mistresses</i> of Wingate's Arithmetic.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A woman regarded with love and devotion;
she who has command over one's heart; a beloved object; a
sweetheart.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A woman filling the place, but without the
rights, of a wife; a concubine; a loose woman with whom one consorts
habitually.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A title of courtesy formerly prefixed to
the name of a woman, married or unmarried, but now superseded by the
contracted forms, <i>Mrs</i>., for a married, and <i>Miss</i>, for an
unmarried, woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>Mistress</i> Gilpin (careful
soul).</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A married woman; a wife.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Several of the neighboring <i>mistresses</i> had
assembled to witness the event of this memorable
evening.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The old name of the jack at bowls.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be one's own mistress</b></col>, <cd>to be exempt from
control by another person.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mis"tress</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wait upon a
mistress; to be courting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis"tress*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Female rule or dominion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ladyship, a style of address; -- with the
personal pronoun.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*tri"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
false or erroneous trial; a trial which has no result.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*trist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
mistrust.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*trow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To think
wrongly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*trust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
confidence or trust; suspicion; distrust.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*trust"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To regard with jealousy or suspicion; to suspect; to doubt the
integrity of; to distrust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will never <i>mistrust</i> my wife
again.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To forebode as near, or likely to occur;
to surmise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By a divine instinct, men's minds <i>mistrust</i><BR>
Ensuing dangers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*trust"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
mistrusts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*trust"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or
causing mistrust, suspicions, or forebodings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their light blown out in some <i>mistrustful</i>
wood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Mis*trust"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mis*trust"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mis*trust"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
distrust or suspicion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*trust"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
mistrust or suspicion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The swain <i>mistrustless</i> of his smutted
face.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*tune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tune
wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mis*tu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Mixture</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mingled
compound in which different ingredients are contained in a liquid
state; a mixture. See <u>Mixture</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sometimes, a liquid medicine containing very
active substances, and which can only be administered by drops.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*turn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn
amiss; to pervert.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*tu"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To instruct
amiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mist"y</hw> (m&ibreve;st"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Mistier</u> (-&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Mistiest</u>.] [AS. <i>mistig</i>. See
<u>Mist</u>. In some senses <i>misty</i> has been confused with
<i>mystic</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Accompanied with mist;
characterized by the presence of mist; obscured by, or overspread
with, mist; as, <i>misty</i> weather; <i>misty</i> mountains; a
<i>misty</i> atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obscured as if by mist; dim; obscure;
clouded; as, <i>misty</i> sight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The more I muse therein [theology],<BR>
The <i>mistier</i> it seemeth.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*un`der*stand"</hw>
(m&ibreve;s*&ubreve;n`d&etilde;r*st&abreve;nd"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Misunderstood</u> (-
st&oocr;d"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Misunderstanding</u>.] <def>To misconceive; to mistake; to
miscomprehend; to take in a wrong sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*un`der*stand"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who misunderstands.</def>  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*un`der*stand"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mistake of the meaning; error;
misconception.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disagreement; difference of opinion;
dissension; quarrel.</def> "<i>Misunderstandings</i> among friends."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`su*ra"to</hw> (m&emacr;`s&oomac;*r&auml;"t&osl;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Measured; -- a
direction to perform a passage in strict or measured time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*us"age</hw> (m&ibreve;s*&umacr;z"&asl;j),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>m&eacute;susage</i>.] <def>Bad
treatment; abuse.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*use"</hw> (-&umacr;z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;suser</i>. See <u>Mis-</u>, prefix from French, and
<u>Use</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To treat or use improperly; to
use to a bad purpose; to misapply; as, to <i>misuse</i> one's
talents.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sweet poison of <i>misused</i> wine.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To abuse; to treat ill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, she <i>misused</i> me past the endurance of a
block.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To maltreat; abuse; misemploy; misapply.</p>

<p><hw>Mis*use"</hw> (m&ibreve;s*&umacr;s"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wrong use; misapplication; erroneous or
improper use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Words little suspected for any such
<i>misuse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Violence, or its effects.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*use"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Misuse.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mis*us"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who misuses.</def> "Wretched <i>misusers</i> of language."
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Unlawful use of a right; use
in excess of, or varying from, one's right.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*val"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To value
wrongly or too little; to undervalue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But for I am so young, I dread my work<BR>
Wot be <i>misvalued</i> both of old and young.</blockquote> <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*vouch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To vouch
falsely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*wan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wander
in a wrong path; to stray; to go astray.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*way"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrong
way.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*wear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wear
ill.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*wed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wed
improperly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*ween"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ween
amiss; to misjudge; to distrust; to be mistaken.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*wend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go wrong;
to go astray.</def> [Obs.] "The world is <i>miswent</i>."
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*word"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To word
wrongly; as, to <i>misword</i> a message, or a sentence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*word"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word wrongly
spoken; a cross word.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sylvester.</i>
<i>Breton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*wor"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong or
false worship; mistaken practices in religion.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such hideous jungle of
<i>misworships</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*wor"ship</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To worship
wrongly.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mis*wor"ship*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
worships wrongly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*write"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To write
incorrectly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*wrought"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Badly
wrought.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>misy</i> a
mineral, perh. copperas, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An impure
yellow sulphate of iron; yellow copperas or copiapite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*yoke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To yoke
improperly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mis*zeal"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mistakenly
zealous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mite</hw> (m&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&imacr;te</i> mite (in sense 1); akin to LG. <i>mite</i>, D.
<i>mijt</i>, G. <i>miete</i>, OHG. <i>m&imacr;za</i>; cf. Goth.
<i>maitan</i> to cut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
minute arachnid, of the order Acarina, of which there are many
species; as, the cheese <i>mite</i>, sugar <i>mite</i>, harvest
<i>mite</i>, etc. See <u>Acarina</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [D. <i>mijt</i>; prob. the same word.] <def>A
small coin formerly circulated in England, rated at about a third of
a farthing. The name is also applied to a small coin used in
Palestine in the time of Christ.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two <i>mites</i>, which make a farthing.</blockquote>
<i>Mark xii. 49.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small weight; one twentieth of a
grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything very small; a minute object; a
very little quantity or particle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For in effect they be not worth a
<i>myte</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi"ter</hw>, <hw>Mi"tre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>mitre</i>, fr. L. <i>mitra</i> headband, turban, Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A covering for the head, worn on solemn
occasions by church dignitaries. It has been made in many forms, the
present form being a lofty cap with two points or peaks.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The surface forming the beveled end or
edge of a piece where a miter joint is made; also, a joint formed or
a junction effected by two beveled ends or edges; a miter
joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Numis.)</i> <def>A sort of base money or
coin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Miter box</b></col> <i>(Carp. &amp; Print.)</i>, <cd>an
apparatus for guiding a handsaw at the proper angle in making a miter
joint; esp., a wooden or metal trough with vertical kerfs in its
upright sides, for guides.</cd> -- <col><b>Miter dovetail</b></col>
<i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a kind of dovetail for a miter joint in which
there is only one joint line visible, and that at the angle.</cd> --
<col><b>Miter gauge</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a gauge for
determining the angle of a miter.</cd> -- <col><b>Miter
joint</b></col>, <cd>a joint formed by pieces matched and united upon
a line bisecting the angle of junction, as by the beveled ends of two
pieces of molding or brass rule, etc. The term is used especially
when the pieces form a right angle. See <u>Miter</u>, 2.</cd> --
<col><b>Miter shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of marine univalve shells of the genus
<i>Mitra</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Miter square</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>,
<cd>a bevel with an immovable arm at an angle of 45&deg;, for
striking lines on stuff to be mitered; also, a square with an arm
adjustable to any angle.</cd> -- <col><b>Miter wheels</b></col>,
<cd>a pair of bevel gears, of equal diameter, adapted for working
together, usually with their axes at right angles.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi"ter</hw>, <hw>Mi"tre</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mitered</u> (?) or <u>Mitred</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Mitering</u> (?) or
<u>Mitring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place a miter upon; to
adorn with a miter.</def> "<i>Mitered</i> locks."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To match together, as two pieces of
molding or brass rule on a line bisecting the angle of junction; to
bevel the ends or edges of, for the purpose of matching together at
an angle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi"ter</hw>, <hw>Mi"tre</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To meet and match together, as two pieces of molding, on a line
bisecting the angle of junction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"ter*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus <i>Mitella</i>, -- slender, perennial
herbs with a pod slightly resembling a bishop's miter; bishop's
cap.</def></p>

<p><col><b>False miterwort</b></col>, <cd>a white-flowered perennial
herb of the United States (<i>Tiarella cardifolia</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mith"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mythic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi"thras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr. &?;.]
<def>The sun god of the Persians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mith"ri*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An antidote against poison, or a composition in form of an
electuary, supposed to serve either as a remedy or a preservative
against poison; an alexipharmic; -- so called from King
<i>Mithridates</i>, its reputed inventor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Love is] a drop of the true elixir; no
<i>mithridate</i> so effectual against the infection of
vice.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><! p. 933 !></p>

<p><hw>Mith`ri*dat"ic</hw>
(m&ibreve;th`r&ibreve;*d&abreve;t"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to King Mithridates, or to a
mithridate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mit"i*ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting of
mitigation; that may be mitigated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mit"i*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mitigans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>mitigare</i>. See <u>Mitigate</u>.] <def>Tending to
mitigate; mitigating; lenitive.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mit"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mitigated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mitigating</u>.] [L. <i>mitigatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>mitigare</i> to soften, mitigate; <i>mitis</i> mild, soft + the
root of <i>agere</i> to do, drive.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
less severe, intense, harsh, rigorous, painful, etc.; to soften; to
meliorate; to alleviate; to diminish; to lessen; as, to
<i>mitigate</i> heat or cold; to <i>mitigate</i> grief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make mild and accessible; to mollify; -
- applied to persons.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This opinion . . . <i>mitigated</i> kings into
companions.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To alleviate; assuage; allay. See
<u>Alleviate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mit`i*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>mitigacioun</i>, F. <i>mitigation</i>, fr. L. <i>mitigatio</i>.]
<def>The act of mitigating, or the state of being mitigated;
abatement or diminution of anything painful, harsh, severe,
afflictive, or calamitous; as, the <i>mitigation</i> of pain, grief,
rigor, severity, punishment, or penalty.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Alleviation; abatement; relief.</p>

<p><hw>Mit"i*ga*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mitigativus</i>: cf. F. <i>mitigatif</i>.] <def>Tending to
mitigate; alleviating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mit"i*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, mitigates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mit"i*ga*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
mitigate or alleviate; mitigative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mit"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Mite</u>.]
<def>A little one; -- used as a term of endearment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mi"tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a thread.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The denser part of the protoplasm of a
cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
thread.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See <u>Karyokinesis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`traille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Mitrailleur</u>.] <def>Shot or bits of iron used sometimes in
loading cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`tra`illeur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>One who serves a mitrailleuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`tra`illeuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>mitrailler</i> to fire grapeshot, fr. <i>mitraille</i> old iron,
grapeshot, dim. of OF. <i>mite</i> a mite.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
breech-loading machine gun consisting of a number of barrels fitted
together, so arranged that the barrels can be fired simultaneously,
or successively, and rapidly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>mitral</i>.
See <u>Miter</u>.] <def>Pertaining to a miter; resembling a miter;
as, the <i>mitral</i> valve between the left auricle and left
ventricle of the heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Miter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mit"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Miter</i> +
<i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>mitriforme</i>.] <def>Having the form of a
miter, or a peaked cap; as, a <i>mitriform</i> calyptra.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mitt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>mitten</i>.] <def>A mitten; also, a covering for the wrist and
hand and not for the fingers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mit"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mitaine</i>,
<i>meteyn</i>, F. <i>mitaine</i>, perh. of Celtic origin; cf. Ir.
<i>miotog</i>, Gael. <i>miotag</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>mutan</i> a muff,
a thick glove.  Cf. <u>Mitt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A covering
for the hand, worn to defend it from cold or injury. It differs from
a glove in not having a separate sheath for each finger.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cover for the wrist and
forearm.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To give the mitten to</b></col>, <cd>to dismiss as a
lover; to reject the suit of.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To handle
without mittens</b></col>, <cd>to treat roughly; to handle without
gloves.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Mit"tened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with a
mitten or mittens.</def> "<i>Mittened</i> hands."
<i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mit"tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mittens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>mittere</i> to send.] <def>Sending forth; emitting.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mit"ti*mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., we send, fr.
<i>mittere</i> to send.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
precept or warrant granted by a justice for committing to prison a
party charged with crime; a warrant of commitment to prison.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A writ for removing records
from one court to another.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mit"tler's green`</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A pigment of a
green color, the chief constituent of which is oxide of
chromium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mit"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The stormy
petrel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mi"tu</hw> (m&imacr;"t&usl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Braz.
<i>mitu poranga</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American
curassow of the genus <i>Mitua</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mit"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Mite</u>.]
<def>Having, or abounding with, mites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mix</hw> (m&ibreve;ks), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mixed</u> (m&ibreve;kst) (less properly
<u>Mixt</u>); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Mixing</u>.] [AS.
<i>miscan</i>; akin to OHG. <i>misken</i>, G. <i>mischen</i>, Russ.
<i>mieshate</i>, W. <i>mysgu</i>, Gael. <i>measg</i>, L.
<i>miscere</i>, <i>mixtum</i>, Gr. <grk>mi`sgein</grk>,
<grk>migny`nai</grk>, Skr. <i>mi&ccedil;ra</i> mixed. The English
word has been influenced by L. <i>miscere</i>, <i>mixtum</i> (cf.
<u>Mixture</u>), and even the AS. <i>miscan</i> may have been
borrowed fr. L. <i>miscere</i>.  Cf. <u>Admix</u>, <u>Mash</u> to
bruise, <u>Meddle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause a
promiscuous interpenetration of the parts of, as of two or more
substances with each other, or of one substance with others; to unite
or blend into one mass or compound, as by stirring together; to
mingle; to blend; as, to <i>mix</i> flour and salt; to <i>mix</i>
wines.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair persuasions <i>mixed</i> with sugared
words.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite with in company; to join; to
associate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ephraim, he hath <i>mixed</i> himself among the
people.</blockquote> <i>Hos. vii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form by mingling; to produce by the
stirring together of ingredients; to compound of different
parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hast thou no poison <i>mixed</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have chosen an argument <i>mixed</i> of religious
and civil considerations.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mix</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become united into a compound; to be blended promiscuously
together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To associate; to mingle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>mixed</i><BR>
Again in fancied safety with his kind.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mix"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
mixed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mixed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed by mixing;
united; mingled; blended. See <u>Mix</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Mixed action</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a suit combining
the properties of a real and a personal action.</cd> -- <col><b>Mixed
angle</b></col>, <cd>a mixtilineal angle.</cd> -- <col><b>Mixed
fabric</b></col>, <cd>a textile fabric composed of two or more kinds
of fiber, as a poplin.</cd> -- <col><b>Mixed marriage</b></col>,
<cd>a marriage between persons of different races or religions;
specifically, one between a Roman Catholic and a Protestant.</cd> --
<col><b>Mixed number</b></col>, <cd>a whole number and a fraction
taken together.</cd> -- <col><b>Mixed train</b></col>, <cd>a railway
train containing both passenger and freight cars.</cd> --
<col><b>Mixed voices</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>voices of both
males and females united in the same performance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mix"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a mixed or
mingled manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mix"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mixen</i>,
<i>myxen</i>, fr. <i>meohx</i>, <i>meox</i>, dung, filth; akin to E.
<i>mist</i>. See <u>Mist</u>.] <def>A compost heap; a dunghill.</def>
<i>Chaucer. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mix"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, mixes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mix*og"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a mixing
+ &?; marriage.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pairing with several males;
-- said of certain fishes of which several males accompany each
female during spawning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mix`o*lyd"i*an mode`</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; a mixing + E.
<i>Lydian</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The seventh ecclesiastical mode,
whose scale commences on G.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mix`ti*lin"e*al</hw> (?), <hw>Mix`ti*lin"e*ar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mixtus</i> mixed (p. p. of <i>miscere</i>
to mix) + E. <i>lineal</i>, <i>linear</i>.] <def>Containing, or
consisting of, lines of different kinds, as straight, curved, and the
like; as, a <i>mixtilinear</i> angle, that is, an angle contained by
a straight line and a curve.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mix"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mixtio</i>,
<i>mistio</i>: cf. F. <i>mixtion</i>. See <u>Mistion</u>,
<u>Mix</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mixture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cement made of mastic, amber,
etc., used as a mordant for gold leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mixt"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With mixture; in
a mixed manner; mixedly.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mix"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mixtura</i>,
fr. <i>miscere</i>, <i>mixtum</i>, to mix: cf. F. <i>mixture</i>. See
<u>Mix</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of mixing, or the state
of being mixed; as, made by a <i>mixture</i> of ingredients.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which results from mixing different
ingredients together; a compound; as, to drink a <i>mixture</i> of
molasses and water; -- also, a medley.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is also a <i>mixture</i> of good and evil wisely
distributed by God, to serve the ends of his providence.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An ingredient entering into a mixed mass;
an additional ingredient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cicero doubts whether it were possible for a community
to exist that had not a prevailing <i>mixture</i> of piety in its
constitution.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of liquid medicine
made up of many ingredients; esp., as opposed to <i>solution</i>, a
liquid preparation in which the solid ingredients are not completely
dissolved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physics &amp; Chem.)</i> <def>A mass of two or
more ingredients, the particles of which are separable, independent,
and uncompounded with each other, no matter how thoroughly and finely
commingled; -- contrasted with a <i>compound</i>; thus, gunpowder is
a mechanical <i>mixture</i> of carbon, sulphur, and niter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An organ stop, comprising
from two to five ranges of pipes, used only in combination with the
foundation and compound stops; -- called also <i>furniture stop</i>.
It consists of high harmonics, or overtones, of the ground
tone.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Union; admixture; intermixture; medley.</p>

<p><hw>Miz"maze`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maze or
labyrinth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Miz"zen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It. <i>mezzana</i>,
fr. <i>mezzano</i> middle, fr. <i>mezzo</i> middle, half: cf. F.
<i>misaine</i> foresail. See <u>Mezzo</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Hindmost; nearest the stern; as, the <i>mizzen</i> shrouds,
sails, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Miz"zen</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
hindmost of the fore and aft sails of a three-masted vessel; also,
the spanker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Miz"zen*mast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The hindmost mast of a three-masted vessel, or of a yawl-rigged
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Miz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mizzled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mizzling</u> (?).] [See <u>Misle</u>, and cf. <u>Mistle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rain in very fine drops.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take one's self off; to go.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>As long as George the Fourth could reign, he
reigned,<BR>
And then he <i>mizzled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Epigram, quoted by
Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Miz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mist; fine
rain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Miz"zy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>moisi</i>
moldy, musty, p. p. of <i>moisir</i> to mold, fr. L. <i>mucere</i> to
be moldy.] <def>A bog or quagmire.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mne*mon"ic</hw> (n&esl;*m&obreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<hw>Mne*mon"ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>mnhmoniko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>mnh`mwn</grk> mindful,
remembering, <grk>mnh`mh</grk> memory, <grk>mna^sqai</grk> to think
on, remember; akin to E. <i>mind</i>.] <def>Assisting in
memory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mne`mo*ni"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
instructs in the art of improving or using the memory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mne*mon"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ta~
mnhmonika`</grk>: cf. F. <i>mn&eacute;monique</i>.] <def>The art of
memory; a system of precepts and rules intended to assist the memory;
artificial memory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mne*mos"y*ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>mnhmosy`nh</grk> remembrance, memory, and the goddess of memory.
See <u>Mnemonic</u>.] <i>(Class Myth.)</i> <def>The goddess of memory
and the mother of the Muses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mne"mo*tech`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; memory
+ &?; art: cf. F. <i>mn&eacute;motechnie</i>.]
<def>Mnemonics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>a., adv., &amp; n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>moe</i>.] [AS. <i>m&amacr;</i>. See <u>More</u>.] <def>More; --
usually, more in number.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An hundred thousand <i>mo</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Likely to find <i>mo</i> to commend than to imitate
it.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>-mo</hw> (?). <def>A suffix added to the names of certain
numerals or to the numerals themselves, to indicate the number of
leaves made by folding a sheet of paper; as, sixteen<i>mo</i> or
16<i>mo</i>; eighteen<i>mo</i> or 18<i>mo</i>. It is taken from the
Latin forms similarly used; as, <i>duodecimo</i>, <i>sextodecimo</i>,
etc.  A small circle, placed after the number and near its top, is
often used for <i>-mo</i>; as, 16&deg;, 18&deg;, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"a</hw> (m&omacr;"&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several very large extinct
species of wingless birds belonging to <i>Dinornis</i>, and other
related genera, of the suborder <i>Dinornithes</i>, found in New
Zealand. They are allied to the apteryx and the ostrich. They were
probably exterminated by the natives before New Zealand was
discovered by Europeans. Some species were much larger than the
ostrich.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ab*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
posterity of Moab, the son of Lot. (<i>Gen. xix. 37.</i>) Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ab*i`tess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
Moabite.</def>  <i>Ruth i. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ab*i`tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Moabite.</def>  <i>Ruth ii. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moan</hw> (m&omacr;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Moaned</u> (m&omacr;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Moaning</u>.] [AS. <i>m&aemacr;nan</i> to moan, also,
to mean; but in the latter sense perh. a different word.  Cf.
<u>Mean</u> to intend.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a low
prolonged sound of grief or pain, whether articulate or not; to groan
softly and continuously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unpitied and unheard, where misery
<i>moans</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let there bechance him pitiful mischances,<BR>
To make him <i>moan</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To emit a sound like moan; -- said of
things inanimate; as, the wind <i>moans</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moan</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bewail audibly; to lament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye floods, ye woods, ye echoes, <i>moan</i><BR>
My dear Columbo, dead and gone.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To afflict; to distress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which infinitely <i>moans</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mone</i>. See
<u>Moan</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A low
prolonged sound, articulate or not, indicative of pain or of grief; a
low groan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sullen <i>moans</i>, hollow groans.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A low mournful or murmuring sound; -- of
things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rippling waters made a pleasant
<i>moan</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moan"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of moaning;
expressing sorrow.</def> -- <wf>Moan"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Moat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>mote</i> hill,
dike, bank, F. <i>motte</i> clod, turf: cf. Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>mota</i>
bank or mound of earth, It. <i>motta</i> clod, LL. <i>mota</i>,
<i>motta</i>, a hill on which a fort is built, an eminence, a dike,
Prov. G. <i>mott</i> bog earth heaped up; or perh. F. <i>motte</i>,
and OF. <i>mote</i>, are from a LL. p. p. of L. <i>movere</i> to move
(see <u>Move</u>). The name of <i>moat</i>, properly meaning, bank or
mound, was transferred to the ditch adjoining: cf. F. <i>dike</i> and
<i>ditch</i>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A deep trench around the rampart
of a castle or other fortified place, sometimes filled with water; a
ditch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surround with a
moat.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Mute</u> to
molt.] <def>To void the excrement, as a bird; to mute.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mobcap</u>.] <def>A
mobcap.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mob</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wrap up in, or cover
with, a cowl.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mob</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mobile vulgus</i>, the
movable common people. See <u>Mobile</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The lower classes of a community; the
populace, or the lowest part of it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cluster of <i>mob</i> were making themselves merry
with their betters.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>A throng; a rabble; esp., an
unlawful or riotous assembly; a disorderly crowd.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mob</i> of gentlemen who wrote with
ease.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Had every Athenian citizen been a Socrates, every
Athenian assembly would still have been a <i>mob</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Madison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Confused by brainless <i>mobs</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mob law</b></col>, <cd>law administered by the mob; lynch
law.</cd> -- <col><b>Swell mob</b></col>, <cd>well dressed thieves
and swindlers, regarded collectively.</cd> [Slang]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mob</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mobbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mobbing</u>.] <def>To crowd about, as a mob, and attack or annoy;
as, to <i>mob</i> a house or a person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mob"bish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a mob;
tumultuous; lawless; as, a <i>mobbish</i> act.</def>  <i>Bp.
Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mob"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>mop-muts</i>;
OD. <i>mop</i> a woman's coif + D. <i>muts</i> cap.] <def>A plain cap
or headdress for women or girls; especially, one tying under the chin
by a very broad band, generally of the same material as the cap
itself.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"bile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mobilis</i>, for
<i>movibilis</i>, fr. <i>movere</i> to move: cf. F. <i>mobile</i>.
See <u>Move</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being moved; not
fixed in place or condition; movable.</def> "Fixed or else
<i>mobile</i>."  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by an extreme degree of
fluidity; moving or flowing with great freedom; as, benzine and
mercury are <i>mobile</i> liquids; -- opposed to <i>viscous</i>,
<i>viscoidal</i>, or <i>oily</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Easily moved in feeling, purpose, or
direction; excitable; changeable; fickle.</def>  <i>Testament of
Love.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The quick and <i>mobile</i> curiosity of her
disposition.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Changing in appearance and expression
under the influence of the mind; as, <i>mobile</i>
features.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Capable of being moved,
aroused, or excited; capable of spontaneous movement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"bile</hw> (m&omacr;"b&ibreve;l; L.
m&obreve;b"&ibreve;*l&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mobile
vulgus</i>. See <u>Mobile</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. 3d
<u>Mob</u>.] <def>The mob; the populace.</def> [Obs.] "The unthinking
<i>mobile</i>."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><! p. 934 !></p>

<p><hw>Mo*bil"i*ty</hw> (m&osl;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mobilitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>mobilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state
of being mobile; as, the <i>mobility</i> of a liquid, of an army, of
the populace, of features, of a muscle.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mob; the lower classes.</def>
[Humorous]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mob`i*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mobilization</i>.] <def>The act of mobilizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mob"i*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mobilized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mobilizing</u> (?).] [F. <i>mobiliser</i>.] <def>To
put in a state of readiness for active service in war, as an army
corps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Mob</u> to
wrap up.] <def>To wrap the head of in a hood.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"bles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Moebles</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mob*oc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mob</i> rabble
+ <i>-cracy</i>, as in <i>democracy</i>.] <def>A condition in which
the lower classes of a nation control public affairs without respect
to law, precedents, or vested rights.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is good name that Dr. Stevens has given to our
present situation (for one can not call it a government), a
<i>mobocracy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mob"o*crat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favors
a form of government in which the unintelligent populace rules
without restraint.</def>  <i>Bayne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mob`o*crat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, or
relating to, a mobocracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moc"ca*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [An Indian word.
Algonquin <i>makisin</i>.] [Sometimes written <i>moccason</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shoe made of deerskin, or other soft
leather, the sole and upper part being one piece. It is the customary
shoe worn by the American Indians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A poisonous snake of
the Southern United States. The water moccasin (<i>Ancistrodon
piscivorus</i>) is usually found in or near water. Above, it is olive
brown, barred with black; beneath, it is brownish yellow, mottled
with darker. The upland moccasin is <i>Ancistrodon atrofuscus</i>.
They resemble rattlesnakes, but are without rattles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Moccasin flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of
lady's slipper (<i>Cypripedium acaule</i>) found in North America.
The lower petal is two inches long, and forms a rose-colored
moccasin-shaped pouch. It grows in rich woods under coniferous
trees.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Moc"ca*sined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with,
or wearing, a moccasin or moccasins.</def> "<i>Moccasined</i> feet."
<i>Harper's Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A seaport town of Arabia, on the Red Sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A variety of coffee brought from
Mocha.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An Abyssinian weight, equivalent to a Troy
grain.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mocha stone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>moss
agate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Moche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A bale of raw
silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moche</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Much.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moch"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Much.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*chi"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A large
leather flap which covers the saddletree.</def> [Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mock</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mocked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mocking</u>.] [F. <i>moquer</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. OD.
<i>mocken</i> to mumble, G. <i>mucken</i>, OSw. <i>mucka</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To imitate; to mimic; esp., to mimic in
sport, contempt, or derision; to deride by mimicry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To see the life as lively <i>mocked</i> as ever<BR>
Still sleep <i>mocked</i> death.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mocking</i> marriage with a dame of
France.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with scorn or contempt; to
deride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Elijah <i>mocked</i> them, and said, Cry
aloud.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xviii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not ambition <i>mock</i> their useful
toil.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To disappoint the hopes of; to deceive; to
tantalize; as, to <i>mock</i> expectation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast <i>mocked</i> me, and told me
lies.</blockquote> <i>Judg. xvi. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He will not . . . <BR>
<i>Mock</i> us with his blest sight, then snatch him
hence.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To deride; ridicule; taunt; jeer; tantalize;
disappoint. See <u>Deride</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mock</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make sport in
contempt or in jest; to speak in a scornful or jeering
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When thou <i>mockest</i>, shall no man make thee
ashamed?</blockquote> <i>Job xi. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She had <i>mocked</i> at his proposal.</blockquote>
<i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An act
of ridicule or derision; a scornful or contemptuous act or speech; a
sneer; a jibe; a jeer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fools make a <i>mock</i> at sin.</blockquote> <i>Prov.
xiv. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Imitation; mimicry.</def> [R.]
<i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mock</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imitating reality, but
not real; false; counterfeit; assumed; sham.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That superior greatness and <i>mock</i>
majesty.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mock bishop's weed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus of
slender umbelliferous herbs (<i>Discopleura</i>) growing in wet
places.</cd> -- <col><b>Mock heroic</b></col>, <cd>burlesquing the
heroic; as, a <i>mock heroic</i> poem.</cd> -- <col><b>Mock
lead</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Blende</u> (<sd><i>a</i></sd>).</cd> --
<col><b>Mock nightingale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
European blackcap.</cd> -- <col><b>Mock orange</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus of American and Asiatic shrubs
(<i>Philadelphus</i>), with showy white flowers in panicled cymes.
<i>P. coronarius</i>, from Asia, has fragrant flowers; the American
kinds are nearly scentless.</cd> -- <col><b>Mock sun</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Parhelion</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mock turtle soup</b></col>,
<cd>a soup made of calf's head, veal, or other meat, and condiments,
in imitation of green turtle soup.</cd> -- <col><b>Mock
velvet</b></col>, <cd>a fabric made in imitation of velvet. See
<u>Mockado</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mock"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as can be
mocked.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mock"a*do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stuff made in
imitation of velvet; -- probably the same as <i>mock
velvet</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our rich <i>mockado</i> doublet.</blockquote>
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mock"a*dour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mokadour</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mock"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mockery.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mock"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European sedge warbler (<i>Acrocephalus
phragmitis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mock"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, mocks; a scorner; a scoffer; a
derider.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A deceiver; an impostor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mocking
bird.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mocker nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of hickory
(<i>Carya tomentosa</i>) and its fruit, which is far inferior to the
true shagbark hickory nut.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mock"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mockeries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>moquerie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of mocking, deriding, and exposing to
contempt, by mimicry, by insincere imitation, or by a false show of
earnestness; a counterfeit appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is, as the air, invulnerable,<BR>
And our vain blows malicious <i>mockery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Grace at meals is now generally so performed as to
look more like a <i>mockery</i> upon devotion than any solemn
application of the mind to God.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And bear about the <i>mockery</i> of woe.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Insulting or contemptuous action or
speech; contemptuous merriment; derision; ridicule.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The laughingstock of fortune's
<i>mockeries</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Subject of laughter, derision, or
sport.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cruel handling of the city whereof they made a
<i>mockery</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Macc. viii. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mock"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imitating, esp. in
derision, or so as to cause derision; mimicking; derisive.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mocking bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a North
American singing bird (<i>Mimus polyglottos</i>), remarkable for its
exact imitations of the notes of other birds. Its back is gray; the
tail and wings are blackish, with a white patch on each wing; the
outer tail feathers are partly white. The name is also applied to
other species of the same genus, found in Mexico, Central America,
and the West Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Mocking thrush</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of the genus
<i>Harporhynchus</i>, as the brown thrush (<i>H. rufus</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Mocking wren</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any American
wren of the genus <i>Thryothorus</i>, esp. <i>T.
Ludovicianus</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mock"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
derision; in a contemptuous or mocking manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mock"ing*stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A butt of
sport; an object of derision.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mock"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mock; counterfeit;
sham.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Moc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mickle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South American rodent (<i>Cavia rupestris</i>), allied to the
Guinea pig, but larger; -- called also <i>rock cavy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>modal</i>.
See <u>Mode</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a mode
or mood; consisting in mode or form only; relating to form; having
the form without the essence or reality.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic &amp; Metaph.)</i> <def>Indicating, or
pertaining to, some mode of conceiving existence, or of expressing
thought.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"dal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One
who regards Father, Son, and Spirit as modes of being, and not as
persons, thus denying personal distinction in the Trinity.</def>
<i>Eadie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*dal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>modalit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state
of being modal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic &amp; Metaph.)</i> <def>A modal relation
or quality; a mode or point of view under which an object presents
itself to the mind. According to Kant, the quality of propositions,
as assertory, problematical, or apodeictic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"dal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a modal
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A compound proposition, the parts of which are united
<i>modally</i> . . . by the particles  "as" and "so."</blockquote>
<i>Gibbs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>modus</i> a
measure, due or proper measure, bound, manner, form; akin to E.
<i>mete</i>: cf. F. <i>mode</i>. See <u>Mete</u>, and cf.
<u>Commodious</u>, <u>Mood</u> in grammar, <u>Modus</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Manner of doing or being; method; form;
fashion; custom; way; style; as, the <i>mode</i> of speaking; the
<i>mode</i> of dressing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The duty of itself being resolved on, the <i>mode</i>
of doing it may easily be found.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A table richly spread in regal
<i>mode</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Prevailing popular custom; fashion,
especially in the phrase <i>the mode</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The easy, apathetic graces of a man of the
<i>mode</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Variety; gradation; degree.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Any combination of
qualities or relations, considered apart from the substance to which
they belong, and treated as entities; more generally, condition, or
state of being; manner or form of arrangement or manifestation; form,
as opposed to <i>matter</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Modes</i> I call such complex ideas, which, however
compounded, contain not in them the supposition of subsisting by
themselves, but are considered as dependencies on, or affections of,
substances.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The form in which the
proposition connects the predicate and subject, whether by simple,
contingent, or necessary assertion; the form of the syllogism, as
determined by the quantity and quality of the constituent
proposition; mood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Mood</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The scale as affected by the
various positions in it of the minor intervals; as, the Dorian
<i>mode</i>, the Ionic <i>mode</i>, etc., of ancient Greek
music.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In modern music, only the major and the minor mode, of
whatever key, are recognized.</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A kind of silk. See <u>Alamode</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Method; manner. See <u>Method</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mod"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mod&egrave;le</i>, It. <i>modello</i>, fr. (assumed) L.
<i>modellus</i>, fr. <i>modulus</i> a small measure, dim. of
<i>modus</i>. See <u>Mode</u>, and cf. <u>Module</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A miniature representation of a thing, with
the several parts in due proportion; sometimes, a facsimile of the
same size.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In charts, in maps, and eke in <i>models</i>
made.</blockquote> <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I had my father's signet in my purse,<BR>
Which was the <i>model</i> of that Danish seal.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You have the <i>models</i> of several ancient temples,
though the temples and the gods are perished.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something intended to serve, or that may
serve, as a pattern of something to be made; a material
representation or embodiment of an ideal; sometimes, a drawing; a
plan; as, the clay <i>model</i> of a sculpture; the inventor's
<i>model</i> of a machine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The application for a patent] must be accompanied by
a full description of the invention, with drawings and a <i>model</i>
where the case admits of it.</blockquote> <i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When we mean to build<BR>
We first survey the plot, then draw the <i>model</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything which serves, or may serve, as an
example for imitation; as, a government formed on the <i>model</i> of
the American constitution; a <i>model</i> of eloquence, virtue, or
behavior.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That by which a thing is to be measured;
standard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that despairs measures Providence by his own
little, contracted <i>model</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any copy, or resemblance, more or less
exact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou seest thy wretched brother die,<BR>
Who was the <i>model</i> of thy father's life.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A person who poses as a pattern to an
artist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A professional <i>model</i>.</blockquote> <i>H.
James.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Working model</b></col>, <cd>a model of a machine which
can do on a small scale the work which the machine itself does, or is
expected to do.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mod"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable to be
taken as a model or pattern; as, a <i>model</i> house; a <i>model</i>
husband.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Modeled</u> (?) or <u>Modelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Modeling</u> or <u>Modelling</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>modeler</i>, It. <i>modellare</i>.] <def>To plan or form after a
pattern; to form in model; to form a model or pattern for; to shape;
to mold; to fashion; as, to <i>model</i> a house or a government; to
<i>model</i> an edifice according to the plan delineated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<def>To make a copy or a pattern; to design or imitate forms; as, to
<i>model</i> in wax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"el*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who models;
hence, a worker in plastic art.</def> [Written also
<i>modeller</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mod"el*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<def>The act or art of making a model from which a work of art is to
be executed; the formation of a work of art from some plastic
material. Also, in painting, drawing, etc., the expression or
indication of solid form.</def> [Written also <i>modelling</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Modeling plane</b></col>, <cd>a small plane for planing
rounded objects.</cd> -- <col><b>Modeling wax</b></col>, <cd>beeswax
melted with a little Venice turpentine, or other resinous material,
and tinted with coloring matter, usually red, -- used in
modeling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mod"el*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
model.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mod"e*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Modena</i>,
in Italy.] <def>A certain crimsonlike color.</def>  <i>Good.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod`e*nese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Modena or its inhabitants.</def> -- <pos><i>n. sing. &
pl.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of Modena; the people of
Modena.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. See <u>Mother</u>
female parent.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mother.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The principal piece of an astrolabe, into
which the others are fixed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mod"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
moderate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mod"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>moderabilis</i>.] <def>Moderate; temperate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mod"er*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Moderation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Caxton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>moderatus</i>, p. p. of <i>moderate</i>, <i>moderati</i>, to
moderate, regulate, control, fr. <i>modus</i> measure. See
<u>Mode</u>.] <def>Kept within due bounds; observing reasonable
limits; not excessive, extreme, violent, or rigorous; limited;
restrained</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Limited in quantity;
sparing; temperate; frugal; as, <i>moderate</i> in eating or
drinking; a <i>moderate</i> table.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Limited in degree of activity, energy, or excitement;
reasonable; calm; slow; as, <i>moderate</i> language; <i>moderate</i>
endeavors.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Not extreme in opinion, in
partisanship, and the like; as, a <i>moderate</i>
Calvinist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A number of <i>moderate</i> members managed . . . to
obtain a majority in a thin house.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Not violent or rigorous; temperate; mild;
gentle; as, a <i>moderate</i> winter.</def> "<i>Moderate</i>
showers." <i>Walter.</i> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Limited as to
degree of progress; as, to travel at <i>moderate</i> speed.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Limited as to the degree in which a quality,
principle, or faculty appears; as, an infusion of <i>moderate</i>
strength; a man of <i>moderate</i> abilities.</def>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>Limited in scope or effects; as, a
reformation of a <i>moderate</i> kind.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"er*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of a party in the Church of Scotland in the 18th century,
and part of the 19th, professing moderation in matters of church
government, in discipline, and in doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Moderated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Moderating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To restrain
from excess of any kind; to reduce from a state of violence,
intensity, or excess; to keep within bounds; to make temperate; to
lessen; to allay; to repress; to temper; to qualify; as, to
<i>moderate</i> rage, action, desires, etc.; to <i>moderate</i> heat
or wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By its astringent quality, it <i>moderates</i> the
relaxing quality of warm water.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>moderate</i> stiff minds disposed to
strive.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To preside over, direct, or regulate, as a
public meeting; as, to <i>moderate</i> a synod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"er*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become less violent, severe, rigorous, or intense; as, the
wind has <i>moderated</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To preside as a moderator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dr. Barlow [was] engaged . . . to <i>moderate</i> for
him in the divinity disputation.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Barlow's Remains
(1693).</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"er*ate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
moderate manner or degree; to a moderate extent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each nymph but <i>moderately</i> fair.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"er*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being moderate; temperateness; moderation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>moderatio</i>: cf. F. <i>mod&eacute;ration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of moderating, or of imposing due
restraint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being
mmoderate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>moderation</i> placing all my glory,<BR>
While Tories call me Whig, and Whigs a Tory.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Calmness of mind; equanimity; as, to bear
adversity with <i>moderation</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The calm and judicious <i>moderation</i> of
Orange.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The first public examinations
for degrees at the University of Oxford; -- usually contracted to
<i>mods</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 935 !></p>

<p><hw>Mod"er*a*tism</hw> (m&obreve;d"&etilde;r*&asl;*t&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Moderation in doctrines or opinion,
especially in politics or religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mod`e*ra"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Moderate</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>With a moderate degree of
quickness; moderately.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Allegro moderato</b></col>, <cd>a little slower than
allegro.</cd> -- <col><b>Andante moderato</b></col>, <cd>a little
faster than andante.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mod"er*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>mod&eacute;rateur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that
which, moderates, restrains, or pacifies.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Angling was . . . a <i>moderator</i> of
passions.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The officer who presides over an assembly
to preserve order, propose questions, regulate the proceedings, and
declare the votes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In the University of Oxford, an examiner
for moderations; at Cambridge, the superintendant of examinations for
degrees; at Dublin, either the first (senior) or second (junior) in
rank in an examination for the degree of Bachelor of Arts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mechanical arrangement for regulating
motion in a machine, or producing equality of effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"er*a`tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
of a moderator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"er*a`tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
moderator.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"er*a`trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
female moderator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>moderne</i>, L.
<i>modernus</i>; akin to <i>modo</i> just now, orig. abl. of
<i>modus</i> measure; hence, by measure, just now. See <u>Mode</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the present time, or time
not long past; late; not ancient or remote in past time; of recent
period; as, <i>modern</i> days, ages, or time; <i>modern</i> authors;
<i>modern</i> fashions; <i>modern</i> taste; <i>modern</i>
practice.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>New and common; trite; commonplace.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We have our philosophical persons, to make
<i>modern</i> and familiar, things supernatural and
causeless.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Modern English</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>English</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person of modern
times; -- opposed to <i>ancient</i>.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ern*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Modern
practice; a thing of recent date; esp., a modern usage or mode of
expression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ern*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>moderniste</i>.] <def>One who admires the moderns, or their ways
and fashions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*der"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Modernness;
something modern.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod`ern*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of rendering modern in style; the act or process of causing to
conform to modern of thinking or acting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ern*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Modernized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Modernizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>moderniser</i>.]
<def>To render modern; to adapt to modern person or things; to cause
to conform to recent or present usage or taste.</def>
<i>Percy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ern*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
modernizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ern*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In modern
times.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ern*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being modern; recentness; novelty.</def>  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>modeste</i>, L.
<i>modestus</i>, fr. <i>modus</i> measure. See <u>Mode</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Restraining within due limits of propriety;
not forward, bold, boastful, or presumptious; rather retiring than
pushing one's self forward; not obstructive; as, a <i>modest</i>
youth; a <i>modest</i> man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Observing the proprieties of the sex; not
unwomanly in act or bearing; free from undue familiarity, indecency,
or lewdness; decent in speech and demeanor; -- said of a
woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mrs. Ford, the honest woman, the <i>modest</i>
wife.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The blushing beauties of a <i>modest</i>
maid.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Evincing modestly in the actor, author, or
speaker; not showing presumption; not excessive or extreme; moderate;
as, a <i>modest</i> request; <i>modest</i> joy.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reserved; unobtrusive; diffident; bashful; coy;
shy; decent; becoming; chaste; virtuous.</p>

<p><hw>Mod"est*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a modest
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"es*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>modestia</i>:
cf. F. <i>modestie</i>. See <u>Modest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being modest; that lowly temper which
accompanies a moderate estimate of one's own worth and importance;
absence of self-assertion, arrogance, and presumption; humility
respecting one's own merit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Natural delicacy or shame regarding
personal charms and the sexual relation; purity of thought and
manners; due regard for propriety in speech or action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her blush is guiltiness, not
<i>modesty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Modesty piece</b></col>, <cd>a narrow piece of lace worn
by women over the bosom.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bashfulness; humility; diffidence; shyness. See
<u>Bashfulness</u>, and <u>Humility</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mo*dic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>modicitas</i>; cf. F. <i>modicit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Moderateness;
smallness; meanness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mod"i*cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>modicus</i> moderate, fr. <i>modus</i>. See <u>Mode</u>.] <def>A
little; a small quantity; a measured supply.</def> "<i>Modicums</i>
of wit."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her usual <i>modicum</i> of beer and
punch.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod`i*fi`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being modified; state or quality of being
modifiable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"i*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Modify</u>.] <def>Capable of being modified; liable to
modification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*dif"i*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Modifiable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mod"i*fi*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Modify</u>.] <def>To qualify.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>modificatio</i> a measuring: cf. F. <i>modification</i>. See
<u>Modify</u>.] <def>The act of modifying, or the state of being
modified; a modified form or condition; state as modified; a change;
as, the <i>modification</i> of an opinion, or of a machine; the
various <i>modifications</i> of light.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"i*fi*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which modifies or qualifies, as a word or clause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"i*fi*ca`to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
or serving to modify; modifying.</def>  <i>Max M&uuml;ller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, modifies.</def>  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Modified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Modifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>modifier</i>, L. <i>modificare</i>,
<i>modificari</i>; <i>modus</i> limit + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to
make. See <u>Mode</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
change somewhat the form or qualities of; to alter somewhat; as, to
<i>modify</i> a contrivance adapted to some mechanical purpose; to
<i>modify</i> the terms of a contract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To limit or reduce in extent or degree; to
moderate; to qualify; to lower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of his grace<BR>
He <i>modifies</i> his first severe decree.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*dil"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>modillon</i>, It. <i>modiglione</i>.  Cf. <u>Module</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The enriched block or
horizontal bracket generally found under the cornice of the
Corinthian and Composite entablature, and sometimes, less ornamented,
in the Ionic and other orders; -- so called because of its
arrangement at regulated distances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*di"o*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>modiolus</i>, dim. of <i>modius</i> the Roman corn measure.]
<def>Shaped like a bushel measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*di"o*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Modioli</b></plw> (#). [L., a small measure.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The central column in the osseous cochlea of the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>According to the
mode, or customary manner; conformed to the fashion; fashionable;
hence, conventional; as, a <i>modish</i> dress; a <i>modish</i>
feast.</def> <i>Dryden.</i> "<i>Modish</i> forms of address."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Mod"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mod"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who follows
the fashion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo`diste"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Mode</u>, and cf. <u>Modist</u>.] <def>A female maker of, or
dealer in, articles of fashion, especially of the fashionable dress
of ladies; a woman who gives direction to the style or mode of
dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo"di*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Modii</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A dry
measure, containing about a peck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"docs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Modoc</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
warlike Indians formerly inhabiting Northern California. They are
nearly extinct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to mode, modulation, module, or modius; as, <i>modular</i>
arrangement; <i>modular</i> accent; <i>modular</i> measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Modulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Modulating</u> (?).] [L. <i>modulatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>modulari</i> to measure, to modulate, fr. <i>modulus</i> a small
measure, meter, melody, dim. of <i>modus</i>. See <u>Mode</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form, as sound, to a certain key, or to a
certain portion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To vary or inflect in a natural,
customary, or musical manner; as, the organs of speech
<i>modulate</i> the voice in reading or speaking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Could any person so <i>modulate</i> her voice as to
deceive so many?</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To
pass from one key into another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>modulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>modulation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of modulating, or the state of being modulated; as, the
<i>modulation</i> of the voice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sound modulated; melody.</def> [R.]
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A change of key, whether
transient, or until the music becomes established in the new key; a
shifting of the tonality of a piece, so that the harmonies all center
upon a new keynote or tonic; the art of transition out of the
original key into one nearly related, and so on, it may be, by
successive changes, into a key quite remote. There are also sudden
and unprepared modulations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who,
or that which, modulates.</def>  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>modulus</i> a small measure, dim. of <i>modus</i>. See
<u>Mode</u>, and cf. <u>Model</u>, <u>Modulus</u>, <u>Mold</u> a
matrix.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A model or measure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The size of some one part,
as the diameter of semi-diameter of the base of a shaft, taken as a
unit of measure by which the proportions of the other parts of the
composition are regulated. Generally, for columns, the semi-diameter
is taken, and divided into a certain number of parts, called
<i>minutes</i> (see <u>Minute</u>), though often the diameter is
taken, and any dimension is said to be so many <i>modules</i> and
<i>minutes</i> in height, breadth, or projection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ule</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>module</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Modulate</u>.] <def>To model; also, to
modulate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sandys. Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mod"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Moduli</b></plw> (#). [L., a small measure. See
<u>Module</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Math., Mech., &amp; Physics)</i>
<def>A quantity or coefficient, or constant, which expresses the
measure of some specified force, property, or quality, as of
elasticity, strength, efficiency, etc.; a parameter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Modulus of a machine</b></col>, <cd>a formula expressing
the work which a given machine can perform under the conditions
involved in its construction; the relation between the work done upon
a machine by the moving power, and that yielded at the working
points, either constantly, if its motion be uniform, or in the
interval of time which it occupies in passing from any given velocity
to the same velocity again, if its motion be variable; -- called also
the <i>efficiency</i> of the machine.</cd> <i>Mosley.</i>
<i>Rankine.</i> -- <col><b>Modulus of a system of
logarithms</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a number by which all the
Napierian logarithms must be multiplied to obtain the logarithms in
another system.</cd> -- <col><b>Modulus of elasticity</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The measure of the elastic force of any
substance, expressed by the ratio of a stress on a given unit of the
substance to the accompanying distortion, or strain</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An expression of the force (usually in terms
of the height in feet or weight in pounds of a column of the same
body) which would be necessary to elongate a prismatic body of a
transverse section equal to a given unit, as a square inch or foot,
to double, or to compress it to half, its original length, were that
degree of elongation or compression possible, or within the limits of
elasticity; -- called also <i>Young's modulus</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Modulus of rupture</b></col>, <cd>the measure of the force
necessary to break a given substance across, as a beam, expressed by
eighteen times the load which is required to break a bar of one inch
square, supported flatwise at two points one foot apart, and loaded
in the middle between the points of support.</cd> <i>Rankine.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mo"dus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Modi</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Mode</u>.] <i>(Old Law)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The arrangement of, or mode of expressing,
the terms of a contract or conveyance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A qualification involving the
idea of variation or departure from some general rule or form, in the
way of either restriction or enlargement, according to the
circumstances of the case, as in the will of a donor, an agreement
between parties, and the like.</def>  <i>Bracton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A fixed compensation or
equivalent given instead of payment of tithes in kind, expressed in
full by the phrase <i>modus decimandi</i>.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They, from time immemorial, had paid a <i>modus</i>,
or composition.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>||Modus operandi</b></col> (&?;) [L.], <cd>manner of
operating.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mod"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Mode</u>.]
<def>Fashionable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Moe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wry face or mouth; a
mow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Moe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make faces; to
mow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Moe</hw>, <pos><i>a., adv., &amp; n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&amacr;</i> See <u>More</u>.] <def>More. See <u>Mo</u>.</def>
[Obs.] "Sing no more ditties, sing no <i>moe</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moe"bles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE., fr. OF.
<i>moeble</i>, <i>mueble</i>, movable, from L. <i>mobilis</i>.]
<def>Movables; furniture; -- also used in the singular
(<singw><b><i>moeble</i></b></singw>).</def> [Obs.]
  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"el*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>moelle</i>,
fr. L. <i>medulla</i> marrow.] <def>An unguent for the
hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"el*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Rubble
masonry.</def></p>

<p><hw>M&oelig;`so*goth"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Belonging to the M&oelig;sogoths, a branch of the Goths who
settled in M&oelig;sia.</def></p>

<p><hw>M&oelig;`so*goth"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
language of the M&oelig;sogoths; -- also called
<i>Gothic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moeve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
move.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thin silk stuff
made in Caucasia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mog"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A closely fitting
knit sleeve; also, a legging of knitted material.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo*gul"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the Mongolian.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person of the Mongolian race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A heavy locomotive for
freight traffic, having three pairs of connected driving wheels and a
two-wheeled truck.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Great</b></col>, or <col><b>Grand</b></col>,
<col><b>Mogul</b></col>, <cd>the sovereign of the empire founded in
Hindostan by the Mongols under Baber in the sixteenth century. Hence,
a very important personage; a lord; -- sometimes only
<i>mogul</i>.</cd>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind
of millet (<i>Setaria Italica</i>); German millet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"hair`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>moire</i>,
perh. from Ar. <i>mukhayyar</i> a kind of coarse camelot or
haircloth; but prob. fr. L. <i>marmoreus</i> of marble, resembling
marble.  Cf. <u>Moire</u>, <u>Marble</u>.] <def>The long silky hair
or wool of the Angora goat of Asia Minor; also, a fabric made from
this material, or an imitation of such fabric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ham"med*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Mohammed</i>, fr. Ar. <i>muh&aacute;mmad</i> praiseworthy, highly
praised.] <def>Of or pertaining to Mohammed, or the religion and
institutions founded by Mohammed.</def> [Written also
<i>Mahometan</i>, <i>Mahomedan</i>, <i>Muhammadan</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo*ham"med*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower of
Mohammed, the founder of Islamism; one who professes Mohammedanism or
Islamism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mo*ham"med*an*ism</hw>, <hw>Mo*ham"med*ism</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The religion, or doctrines and precepts, of
Mohammed, contained in the Koran; Islamism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mo*ham"med*an*ize</hw>, <hw>Mo*ham"med*ize</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make conformable to the principles,
or customs and rites, of Mohammedanism.</def> [Written also
<i>Mahometanize</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo"hawk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of a tribe of Indians who formed part of
the Five Nations. They formerly inhabited the valley of the Mohawk
River.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of certain ruffians who infested the
streets of London in the time of Addison, and took the name from the
Mohawk Indians.</def> [Slang]  <i>Spectator. Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*hi"cans</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Mohican</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Lenni-Lenape Indians who formerly inhabited Western Connecticut and
Eastern New York.</def> [Written also <i>Mohegans</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mo"ho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gallinule (<i>Notornis Mantelli</i>)
formerly inhabiting New Zealand, but now supposed to be extinct. It
was incapable of flight. See <u>Notornis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"hock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mohawk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*ho"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Maholi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mohr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
West African gazelle (<i>Gazella mohr</i>), having horns on which are
eleven or twelve very prominent rings. It is one of the species which
produce bezoar.</def> [Written also <i>mhorr</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo"hur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind., fr. Per.
<i>muhur</i>, <i>muhr</i>, a gold coin, a seal, seal ring.] <def>A
British Indian gold coin, of the value of fifteen silver rupees, or
$7.21.</def>  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Mo*hur"rum</hw> (?), <hw>||Mu*har"ram</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>muharram</i>, prop., sacred, forbidden,
n., the first month of the Mohammedan lunar year.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The first month of the Mohammedan year.</def>
<i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A festival of the Shiah sect of the
Mohammedans held during the first ten days of the month
Mohurrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moi"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To toil.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Moi"dore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>moeda
d'ouro</i>, lit., coin of gold.  Cf. <u>Money</u>, and
<u>Aureate</u>.] <def>A gold coin of Portugal, valued at about 27s.
sterling.</def></p>

<p><! p. 936 !></p>

<p><hw>Moi"e*ty</hw> (moi"&esl;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Moieties</b></plw> (-t&ibreve;z). [F.
<i>moiti&eacute;</i>, L. <i>medietas</i>, fr. <i>medius</i> middle,
half. See <u>Mid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Mediate</u>,
<u>Mediety</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of two equal parts; a
half; as, a <i>moiety</i> of an estate, of goods, or of profits; the
<i>moiety</i> of a jury, or of a nation.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The more beautiful <i>moiety</i> of his majesty's
subject.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An indefinite part; a small part.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Moiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Moiling</u>.] [OE. <i>moillen</i> to wet, OF. <i>moillier</i>,
<i>muillier</i>, F. <i>mouller</i>, fr. (assumed) LL.
<i>molliare</i>, fr. L. <i>mollis</i> soft. See <u>Mollify</u>.]
<def>To daub; to make dirty; to soil; to defile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou . . . doest thy mind in dirty pleasures
<i>moil</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moil</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From <u>Moil</u> to daub;
prob. from the idea of struggling through the wet.] <def>To soil
one's self with severe labor; to work with painful effort; to labor;
to toil; to drudge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Moil</i> not too much under ground.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now he must <i>moil</i> and drudge for one he
loathes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spot; a
defilement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>moil</i> of death upon them.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mule</i> a
slipper.] <def>A kind of high shoe anciently worn.</def> [Written
also <i>moyle</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Moi"neau</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Fort.)</i>
<def>A small flat bastion, raised in the middle of an overlong
curtain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Moi"ra</hw> (moi"r&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>Moi^ra</grk>.] <i>(Greek Myth.)</i> <def>The deity who
assigns to every man his lot.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Moire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf.
<u>Mohair</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a fine textile
fabric made of the hair of an Asiatic goat; afterwards, any textile
fabric to which a watered appearance is given in the process of
calendering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A watered, clouded, or frosted appearance
produced upon either textile fabrics or metallic surfaces.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Moire antique</b></col>, <cd>a superior kind of thick
moire.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Moi`r&eacute;" m&eacute;`tal`lique"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>A
crystalline or frosted appearance produced by some acids on tin
plate; also, the tin plate thus treated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moist</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>moiste</i>, OF.
<i>moiste</i>, F. <i>moite</i>, fr. L. <i>muccidus</i>, for
<i>mucidus</i>, moldy, musty.  Cf. <u>Mucus</u>, <u>Mucid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moderately wet; damp; humid; not dry; as, a
<i>moist</i> atmosphere or air.</def> "<i>Moist</i> eyes."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fresh, or new.</def> [Obs.] "Shoes full
<i>moist</i> and new." "A draught of <i>moist</i> and corny ale."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moist</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To moisten.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mois"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Moistened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Moistening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make damp; to wet in a
small degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A pipe a little <i>moistened</i> on the
inside.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To soften by making moist; to make
tender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>moistened</i> not his executioner's heart with
any pity.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mois"ten*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, moistens.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moist"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
moisture.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Moist"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without moisture;
dry.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Moist"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being moist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mois"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>moistour</i>, F. <i>moiteur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
moderate degree of wetness.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which moistens or makes damp or wet;
exuding fluid; liquid in small quantity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All my body's <i>moisture</i><BR>
Scarce serves to quench my furnace-burning heat.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mois"ture*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
moisture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moist"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moist.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Moi"ther</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <def>To perplex; to confuse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moi"ther</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To toil; to
labor.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mok"a*dour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>mocador</i>
handkerchief.] <def>A handkerchief.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Moke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A donkey.</def>
[Cant]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mesh of a net, or
of anything resembling a net.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ky</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>m&ouml;kkvi</i> cloud, mist, <i>m&ouml;kkr</i> a dense cloud, W.
<i>mwg</i> smoke, and E. <i>muggy</i>, <i>muck</i>.] <def>Misty;
dark; murky; muggy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sunfish</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>moles</i> mass.]
<i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a mass of matter; -- said of
the properties or motions of masses, as distinguished from those of
molecules or atoms.</def>  <i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"lar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>molaris</i>, fr.
<i>mola</i> mill, fr. <i>molere</i> to grind in a mill. See
<u>Mill</u> the machine.] <def>Having power to grind; grinding; as,
the <i>molar</i> teeth; also, of or pertaining to the molar
teeth.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Any one
of the teeth back of the incisors and canines.  The molars which
replace the deciduous or milk teeth are designated as
<i>premolars</i>, and those which are not preceded by deciduous teeth
are sometimes called <i>true molars</i>. See <u>Tooth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as 2d
<u>Molar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*lasse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>molasse</i>,
prob. fr. <i>mollasse</i> flabby, flimsy, fr. L. <i>mollis</i> soft.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A soft Tertiary sandstone; -- applied to a rock
occurring in Switzerland. See <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*las"ses</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&eacute;lasse</i>, cf. Sp. <i>melaza</i>, Pg.
<i>mela&ccedil;o</i>, fr. L. <i>mellaceus</i> honeylike, honey-sweet,
<i>mel</i>, <i>mellis</i>, honey. See <u>Mellifluous</u>, and cf.
<u>Melasses</u>.] <def>The thick, brown or dark colored, viscid,
uncrystallizable sirup which drains from sugar, in the process of
manufacture; any thick, viscid, sweet sirup made from vegetable juice
or sap, as of the sorghum or maple. See <u>Treacle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mold</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mole</u> a spot.]
<def>A spot; a blemish; a mole.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold</hw>, <hw>Mould</hw>} (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>molde</i>, AS. <i>molde</i>; akin to D. <i>mul</i>, G.
<i>mull</i>, <i>mulm</i>, OHG. <i>molt</i>, <i>molta</i>, Icel.
<i>mold</i>, Dan. <i>muld</i>, Sw. <i>mull</i>, Goth. <i>mulda</i>,
and E. <i>meal</i> flour. See <u>Meal</u>, and cf. <u>Mole</u> an
animal, <u>Mull</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] [The prevalent spelling
is, perhaps, <i>mould</i>; but as the <i>u</i> has not been inserted
in the other words of this class, as <i>bold</i>, <i>gold</i>,
<i>old</i>, <i>cold</i>, etc., it seems desirable to complete the
analogy by dropping it from this word, thus spelling it as Spenser,
South, and many others did. The omission of the <i>u</i> is now very
common in America.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Crumbling, soft, friable
earth; esp., earth containing the remains or constituents of organic
matter, and suited to the growth of plants; soil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Earthy material; the matter of which
anything is formed; composing substance; material.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The etherial <i>mold</i>,<BR>
Incapable of stain.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature formed me of her softest
<i>mold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold</hw>, <hw>Mould</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Molded</u> or <u>Moulded</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Molding</u> or <u>Moulding</u>.]
<def>To cover with mold or soil.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold</hw>, <hw>Mould</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the
p. p. of OE. <i>moulen</i> to become moldy, to rot, prob. fr. Icel.
<i>mygla</i> to grow musty, <i>mugga</i> mugginess; cf. Sw.
<i>m&ouml;gla</i> to grow moldy. See <u>Muggy</u>, and cf.
<u>Moldy</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A growth of minute fungi of various
kinds, esp. those of the great groups <i>Hyphomycetes</i>, and
<i>Physomycetes</i>, forming on damp or decaying organic
matter.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common blue mold of cheese, the brick-red cheese mold,
and the scarlet or orange strata which grow on tubers or roots stored
up for use, when commencing to decay, are familiar examples.  <i>M.
J. Berkley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold</hw>, <hw>Mould</hw>, } <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
cause to become moldy; to cause mold to grow upon.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold</hw>, <hw>Mould</hw>, } <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
become moldy; to be covered or filled, in whole or in part, with a
mold.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold</hw>, <hw>Mould</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>molde</i>, OF. <i>mole</i>, F. <i>moule</i>, fr. L.
<i>modulus</i>. See <u>Model</u>.] [For spelling, see 2d <u>Mold</u>,
above.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The matrix, or cavity, in which
anything is shaped, and from which it takes its form; also, the body
or mass containing the cavity; as, a sand <i>mold</i>; a jelly
<i>mold</i>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That on which, or in accordance with
which, anything is modeled or formed; anything which serves to
regulate the size, form, etc., as the pattern or templet used by a
shipbuilder, carpenter, or mason.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The glass of fashion and the <i>mold</i> of
form.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cast; form; shape; character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Crowned with an architrave of antique
<i>mold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A group of moldings; as,
the arch <i>mold</i> of a porch or doorway; the pier <i>mold</i> of a
Gothic pier, meaning the whole profile, section, or combination of
parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A fontanel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Paper Making)</i> <def>A frame with a wire
cloth bottom, on which the pump is drained to form a sheet, in making
paper by hand.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold</hw>, <hw>Mould</hw>, } <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mouler</i>, OF. <i>moler</i>, <i>moller</i>. See <u>Mold</u> the
matrix.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form into a particular shape; to
shape; to model; to fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He forgeth and <i>moldeth</i> metals.</blockquote>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Did I request thee, Maker, from my clay<BR>
To <i>mold</i> me man?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ornament by molding or carving the
material of; as, a <i>molded</i> window jamb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To knead; as, to <i>mold</i> dough or
bread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>To form a mold of, as in
sand, in which a casting may be made.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold"a*ble</hw>, <hw>Mould"a*ble</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being molded or
formed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold"board`</hw>, <hw>Mould"board`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A curved plate of iron
(originally of wood) back of the share of a plow, which turns over
the earth in plowing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A follow
board.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold"er</hw>, <hw>Mould"er</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, molds or forms into shape; specifically
<i>(Founding)</i>, one skilled in the art of making molds for
castings.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold"er</hw>, <hw>Mould"er</hw>, } <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Moldered</u> (?) or
<u>Mouldered</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Moldering</u>
or <u>Mouldering</u>.] [From <u>Mold</u> fine soft earth: cf. Prov.
G. <i>multern</i>.] <def>To crumble into small particles; to turn to
dust by natural decay; to lose form, or waste away, by a gradual
separation of the component particles, without the presence of water;
to crumble away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>moldering</i> of earth in frosts and
sun.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When statues <i>molder</i>, and when arches
fall.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If he had sat still, the enemy's army would have
<i>moldered</i> to nothing.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold"er</hw>, <hw>Mould"er</hw>, } <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To turn to dust; to cause to crumble; to cause to waste
away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Time's] gradual touch<BR>
Has <i>moldered</i> into beauty many a tower.</blockquote>
<i>Mason.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold"er*y</hw>, <hw>Mould"er*y</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered or filled with mold; consisting of,
or resembling, mold.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold"i*ness</hw>, <hw>Mould"i*ness</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Moldy</u>.] <def>The state of being
moldy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold"ing</hw>, <hw>Mould"ing</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of shaping in or on a
mold, or of making molds; the art or occupation of a
molder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything cast in a mold, or which appears
to be so, as grooved or ornamental bars of wood or metal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A plane, or curved, narrow
surface, either sunk or projecting, used for decoration by means of
the lights and shades upon its surface. Moldings vary greatly in
pattern, and are generally used in groups, the different members of
each group projecting or retreating, one beyond another. See
<u>Cable</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3, and <i>Crenelated molding</i>,
under <u>Crenelate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold"ing</hw>, <hw>Mould"ing</hw>, } <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos>
<def>Used in making a mold or moldings; used in shaping anything
according to a pattern.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Molding, or Moulding</b></col>, <col><b>board</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>Follow board</i>, under <u>Follow</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A board on which
bread or pastry is kneaded and shaped.</cd> -- <col><b>Molding, or
Moulding</b></col>, <col><b>machine</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Woodworking)</i> <cd>A planing machine for making moldings</cd>.
(<sd><i>b</i></sd>) <i>(Founding)</i> <cd>A machine to assist in
making molds for castings.</cd> -- <col><b>Molding, or
Moulding</b></col>, <col><b>mill</b></col>, <cd>a mill for shaping
timber.</cd> -- <col><b>Molding, or Moulding</b></col>,
<col><b>sand</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>a kind of sand
containing clay, used in making molds.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold"warp</hw>, <hw>Mould"warp</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>moldwerp</i>: AS. <i>molde</i> soil +
<i>weorpan</i> to throw up; cf. OD. <i>molworp</i>, G.
<i>maulwurf</i>, Icel. <i>moldvarpa</i>, Dan. <i>muldvarp</i>. See
<u>Mold</u> soil, <u>Warp</u>, and cf. <u>Mole</u> the animal.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Mole</u> the animal.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mold"y</hw>, <hw>Mould"y</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Moldier</u> (?) or <u>Mouldier</u>;
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Moldiest</u> or <u>Mouldiest</u>.] [From
<u>Mold</u> the growth of fungi.] <def>Overgrown with, or containing,
mold; as, <i>moldy</i> cheese or bread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>m&amacr;l</i>;
akin to OHG. <i>meil</i>, Goth. <i>mail</i> Cf. <u>Mail</u> a spot.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spot; a stain; a mark which discolors or
disfigures.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spot, mark, or small permanent
protuberance on the human body; esp., a spot which is dark-colored,
from which commonly issue one or more hairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mola</i>.] <def>A mass
of fleshy or other more or less solid matter generated in the
uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>m&ocirc;le</i>, L.
<i>moles</i>.  Cf. <u>Demolish</u>, <u>Emolument</u>, <u>Molest</u>.]
<def>A mound or massive work formed of masonry or large stones, etc.,
laid in the sea, often extended either in a right line or an arc of a
circle before a port which it serves to defend from the violence of
the waves, thus protecting ships in a harbor; also, sometimes, the
harbor itself.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>molle</i>, either
shortened fr. <i>moldwerp</i>, or from the root of E. <i>mold</i>
soil: cf. D. <i>mol</i>, OD. <i>molworp</i>. See <u>Moldwarp</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any insectivore of the
family <i>Talpid&aelig;</i>. They have minute eyes and ears, soft
fur, and very large and strong fore feet.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European mole, or moldwarp (<i>Talpa
Europ&aelig;a</i>), is noted for its extensive burrows. The common
American mole, or shrew mole (<i>Scalops aquaticus</i>), and star-
nosed mole (<i>Condylura cristata</i>) have similar habits.</p>

<p>&fist; In the Scriptures, the name is applied to two unindentified
animals, perhaps the chameleon and mole rat.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plow of peculiar construction, for
forming underground drains.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Duck mole</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Duck</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Golden mole</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Chrysochlore</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mole cricket</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
orthopterous insect of the genus <i>Gryllotalpa</i>, which excavates
subterranean galleries, and throws up mounds of earth resembling
those of the mole. It is said to do damage by injuring the roots of
plants. The common European species (<i>Gryllotalpa vulgaris</i>),
and the American (<i>G. borealis</i>), are the best known.</cd> --
<col><b>Mole rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of Old World rodents of the genera <i>Spalax</i>,
<i>Georychus</i>, and several allied genera. They are molelike in
appearance and habits, and their eyes are small or rudimentary.</cd>
-- <col><b>Mole shrew</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of short-tailed American shrews of the genus
<i>Blarina</i>, esp. <i>B. brevicauda</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Water
mole</b></col>, <cd>the duck mole.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mole</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Moled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Moling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form holes in, as a mole;
to burrow; to excavate; as, to <i>mole</i> the earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clear of molehills.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Pegge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mole"but</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The sunfish (<i>Orthagoriscus</i>, or <i>Mola</i>).</def>
[Written also <i>molebat</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mole"cast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
elevation of earth made by a mole; a molehill.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"lech</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>molek</i>
king.] <i>(Script.)</i> <def>The fire god of the Ammonites, to whom
human sacrifices were offered; Moloch.</def>  <i>Lev. xviii.
21.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*lec"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mol&eacute;culare</i>. See <u>Molecule</u>.] <i>(Phys. &
Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, connected with, produced by, or
consisting of, molecules; as, <i>molecular</i> forces;
<i>molecular</i> groups of atoms, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Molecular attraction</b></col> <i>(Phys.)</i>,
<cd>attraction acting between the molecules of bodies, and at
insensible distances.</cd> -- <col><b>Molecular weight</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the weight of a molecule of any gas or vapor as
compared with the hydrogen atom as a standard; the sum of the atomic
weights of the constituents of a molecule; thus, the <i>molecular
weight</i> of water (H<sub>2</sub>O) is 18.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Mo*lec`u*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phys. &
Chem.)</i> <def>The state of consisting of molecules; the state or
quality of being molecular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*lec"u*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Phys. &
Chem.)</i> <def>With molecules; in the manner of molecules.</def>
<i>W. R. Grove.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mol"e*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. fr. L.
<i>moles</i> a mass: cf. F. <i>mol&eacute;cule</i>. See 3d
<u>Mole</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the very small invisible
particles of which all matter is supposed to consist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The smallest part of any
substance which possesses the characteristic properties and qualities
of that substance, and which can exist alone in a free
state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A group of atoms so united
and combined by chemical affinity that they form a complete,
integrated whole, being the smallest portion of any particular
compound that can exist in a free state; as, a <i>molecule</i> of
water consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one of oxygen.  Cf.
<u>Atom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mole"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having eyes
like those of the mole; having imperfect sight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mole"hill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
hillock of earth thrown up by moles working under ground; hence, a
very small hill, or an insignificant obstacle or
difficulty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Having leapt over such mountains, lie down before a
<i>molehill</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><! p. 937 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mo*len`di*na"ceous</hw>
(m&osl;*l&ebreve;n`d&ibreve;*n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<hw>Mo*len`di*na"ri*ous</hw>
(m&osl;*l&ebreve;n`d&ibreve;*n&amacr;"r&ibreve;*&ubreve;s), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>molendinarius</i>, fr. <i>molendinum</i>
a mill, fr. <i>molere</i> to grind.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling
the sails of a windmill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mole"skin`</hw> (m&omacr;l"sk&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Any fabric having a thick soft shag, like the fur of a mole;
esp., a kind of strong twilled fustian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*lest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Molested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Molesting</u>.] [F. <i>molester</i>, L. <i>molestare</i>, fr.
<i>molestus</i> troublesome, fr. <i>moles</i> a heavy mass, load,
burden. See 3d <u>Mole</u>.] <def>To trouble; to disturb; to render
uneasy; to interfere with; to vex.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have <i>molested</i> the church with needless
opposition.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To trouble; disturb; incommode; inconvenience;
annoy; vex; tease.</p>

<p><hw>Mo*lest"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Molestation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mol`es*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>molestation</i>.] <def>The act of molesting, or the state of being
molested; disturbance; annoyance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*lest"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
molests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*lest"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Troublesome;
vexatious.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mo*les"tie</hw>, <hw>Mo*les"ty</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>molestia</i>.] <def>Molestation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mole"warp`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Moldwarp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*lim"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>molimen</i> a great exertion; <i>moles</i> a heavy mass.] <def>Of
great bulk or consequence; very important.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>molina</i> mill,
fr. <i>molere</i> to grind. See <u>Mill</u>.] <def>The crossed iron
that supports the upper millstone by resting on the spindle; a
millrind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cross moline</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>a cross each arm
of which is divided at the end into two rounded branches or
divisions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mo"lin*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>The doctrines of the Molinists, somewhat resembling the tenets
of the Arminians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"lin*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>A follower of the opinions of Molina, a Spanish Jesuit (in
respect to grace); an opposer of the Jansenists.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Moll</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [G., fr. L.
<i>mollis</i> soft, tender, elegiac.  Cf. <u>Molle</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Minor; in the minor mode; as, A <i>moll</i>, that
is, A minor.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mol"lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>maul&amacr;</i>, commonly <i>moll&amacr;</i>in Turkey.] <def>One
of the higher order of Turkish judges; also, a Turkish title of
respect for a religious and learned man.</def> [Written also
<i>moolah</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mol"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Moll</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Lower by a semitone; flat; as, E <i>molle</i>,
that is, E flat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mol"le*bart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
agricultural implement used in Flanders, consisting of a kind of
large shovel drawn by a horse and guided by a man.</def> [Written
also <i>molleb&aelig;rt</i> and <i>mouldeb&aelig;rt</i>.]
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mol"le*moke`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw.
<i>mallemucke</i> the stormy petrel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of several species of large pelagic petrels and fulmars, as
<i>Fulmarus glacialis</i>, of the North Atlantic, and several species
of <i>&AElig;strelata</i>, of the Southern Ocean. See
<u>Fulmar</u>.</def> [Written also <i>mollymawk</i>, <i>malmock</i>,
<i>mollemock</i>, <i>mallemocke</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Mol"lient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>molliens</i>,
p. p. of <i>mollire</i> to soften, fr. <i>mollis</i> soft.]
<def>Serving to soften; assuaging; emollient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mol"lient*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Assuagingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mol"li*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being mollified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mol`li*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>mollificatio</i>; cf. F. <i>mollification</i>.] <def>The act of
mollifying, or the state of being mollified; a softening.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mol"li*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, mollifies.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mol"li*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mollified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mollifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>mollifier</i>, L. <i>mollificare</i>;
<i>mollis</i> soft + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See
<u>Enmollient</u>, <u>Moil</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and <u>-
fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To soften; to make tender; to reduce
the hardness, harshness, or asperity of; to qualify; as, to
<i>mollify</i> the ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With sweet science <i>mollified</i> their stubborn
hearts.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assuage, as pain or irritation, to
appease, as excited feeling or passion; to pacify; to calm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mol"li*net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Moline</u>.]
<def>A little mill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mol`li*pi*lose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mollis</i> soft + <i>pilosus</i> hairy.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having soft hairs; downy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mol*li"ti*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., softness.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Unnatural softness of any organ or part.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mol"li*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mollitudo</i>, fr. <i>mollis</i> soft.] <def>Softness; effeminacy;
weakness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mol"lusc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Mollusk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mol*lus"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Mollusk</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the grand divisions
of the animal kingdom, including the classes Cephalopoda, Gastropoda,
Pteropoda, Scaphopoda, and Lamellibranchiata, or Conchifera.  These
animals have an unsegmented bilateral body, with most of the organs
and parts paired, but not repeated longitudinally.  Most of them
develop a mantle, which incloses either a branchial or a pulmonary
cavity. They are generally more or less covered and protected by a
calcareous shell, which may be univalve, bivalve, or
multivalve.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly the Brachiopoda, Bryzoa, and Tunicata were united
with the Lamellibranchiata in an artificial group called Acephala,
which was also included under Mollusca. See <u>Molluscoidea</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mol*lus"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to mollusks.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A mollusk; one of the Mollusca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mol*lus"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mollusca</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling the true mollusks;
belonging to the Molluscoidea.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
of the Molluscoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mol`lus*coid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Molluscoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mol`lus*coi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Mollusk</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of Invertebrata which includes the classes Brachiopoda and Bryozoa; -
- called also <i>Anthoid Mollusca</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Originally the Tunicata were included under Molluscoidea,
from which they are known to differ widely in structure and
embryology. Molluscoidea were formerly considered a subdivision of
Mollusca, but they are now known to have more relationship with
Annelida than with Mollusca.</p>

<p><hw>Mol*lus"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Molluscan.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mol*lus"cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Mollusk</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cutaneous disease characterized
by numerous tumors, of various forms, filled with a thick matter; --
so called from the resemblance of the tumors to some molluscous
animals.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mol"lusk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mollusque</i>,
L. <i>mollusca</i> a kind of soft nut with a thin shell, fr.
<i>molluscus</i> soft, <i>mollis</i> soft. See <u>Mollify</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Mollusca.</def> [Written also
<i>mollusc</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mol"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Mollemoke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mol"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pet or colloquial
name for <i>Mary</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Molly cottontail</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cottontail</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Molly Maguire</b></col>
(m&adot;*gw&imacr;r"); <i>pl.</i> <u>Molly Maguires</u> (-
gw&imacr;rz). <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A member of a secret
association formed among the tenantry in Ireland about 1843,
principally for the purpose of intimidating law officers and
preventing the service of legal writs. Its members disguised
themselves in the dress of women.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
member of a similar association of Irishmen organized in the
anthracite coal region of Pennsylvania, about 1854, for the purpose
of intimidating employers and officers of the law, and for avenging
themselves by murder on persons obnoxious to them. The society was
broken up by criminal prosecutions in 1876.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mol"ly-mawk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Mollemoke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"loch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>molek</i>
king.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>The fire god of the
Ammonites in Canaan, to whom human sacrifices were offered; Molech.
Also applied figuratively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spiny Australian
lizard (<i>Moloch horridus</i>). The horns on the head and numerous
spines on the body give it a most formidable appearance.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Mo*losse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Molossus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*los"ses</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Molasses.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo*los"sine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bat of the genus <i>Molossus</i>, as the monk bat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*los"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
prop., Molossian, belonging to the Molossians, a people in the
eastern part of Epirus.] <i>(Gr. &amp; Lat. Pros.)</i> <def>A foot of
three long syllables.</def> [Written also <i>molosse</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Molt</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Melt</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Molt</hw>, <hw>Moult</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Molted</u> or <u>Moulted</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Molting</u> or <u>Moulting</u>.]
[OE. <i>mouten</i>, L. <i>mutare</i>. See <u>Mew</u> to molt, and cf.
<u>Mute</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] [The prevalent spelling is,
perhaps, <i>moult</i>; but as the <i>u</i> has not been inserted in
the otherwords of this class, as, <i>bolt</i>, <i>colt</i>,
<i>dolt</i>, etc., it is desirable to complete the analogy by the
spelling <i>molt</i>.] <def>To shed or cast the hair, feathers, skin,
horns, or the like, as an animal or a bird.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Molt</hw>, <hw>Moult</hw>, } <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
cast, as the hair, skin, feathers, or the like; to shed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Molt</hw>, <hw>Moult</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act or process of changing the feathers, hair, skin, etc.;
molting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Molt"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
assuming a molten state; meltable; fusible.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mol"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Melt</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Melted; being in a state of fusion, esp. when
the liquid state is produced by a high degree of heat; as,
<i>molten</i> iron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made by melting and casting the substance
or metal of which the thing is formed; as, a <i>molten</i>
image.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mol"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Much; very; as, <i>molto</i> adagio, very slow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fabulous herb of occult power, having a
black root and white blossoms, said by Homer to have been given by
Hermes to Ulysses to counteract the spells of Circe.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of garlic (<i>Allium
Moly</i>) with large yellow flowers; -- called also <i>golden
garlic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*lyb"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of molybdic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mol`yb*de"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>molybdaena</i> galena, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; lead.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Molybdenite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*lyb"de*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>molybd&eacute;nite</i>. See <u>Molybdena</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral occurring in soft, lead-gray, foliated masses or
scales, resembling graphite; sulphide of molybdenum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*lyb"de*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Molybdous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mol`yb*de"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf. F.
<i>molybd&egrave;ne</i>. See <u>Molybdena</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
rare element of the chromium group, occurring in nature in the
minerals molybdenite and wulfenite, and when reduced obtained as a
hard, silver-white, difficulty fusible metal. Symbol Mo. Atomic
weight 95.9.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*lyb"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>molybdique</i>. See <u>molybdena</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or containing, molybdenum; specif., designating those
compounds in which the element has a higher valence, as contrasted
with <i>molybdous</i> compounds; as, <i>molybdic</i> oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*lyb"dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Molybdic ocher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*lyb"dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Molybdena</u>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or containing, molybdenum;
specif., designating those compounds in which molybdenum has a lower
valence as contrasted with <i>molybdic</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Mumm</u>,
<u>Momus</u>.] <def>A dull, silent person; a blockhead.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>moment</i>, L.
<i>momentum</i>, for <i>movimentum</i> movement, motion, moment, fr.
<i>movere</i> to move. See <u>Move</u>, and cf. <u>Momentum</u>,
<u>Movement</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A minute portion of time; a
point of time; an instant; as, at that very <i>moment</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a <i>moment</i>, in the twinkling of an
eye.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xv. 52.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Impulsive power; force;
momentum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>moments</i> or quantities of motion in
bodies.</blockquote> <i>Berkley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Touch, with lightest <i>moment</i> of impulse,<BR>
His free will.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Importance, as in influence or effect;
consequence; weight or value; consideration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Matters of great <i>moment</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is an abstruse speculation, but also of far less
<i>moment</i> and consequence of us than the others.</blockquote>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An essential element; a deciding point,
fact, or consideration; an essential or influential
circumstance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>An infinitesimal change in
a varying quantity; an increment or decrement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Tendency, or measure of
tendency, to produce motion, esp. motion about a fixed point or
axis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Moment of a couple</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the
product of either of its forces into the perpendicular distance
between them.</cd> -- <col><b>Moment of a force</b></col>.
<i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> With respect to a point, <cd>the
product of the intensity of the force into the perpendicular distance
from the point to the line of direction of the force</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> With respect to a line, <cd>the product of that
component of the force which is perpendicular to the plane passing
through the line and the point of application of the force, into the
shortest distance between the line and this point</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> With respect to a plane that is parallel to the
force, <cd>the product of the force into the perpendicular distance
of its point of application from the plane.</cd> -- <col><b>Moment of
inertia</b></col>, <cd>of a rotating body, the sum of the mass of
each particle of matter of the body into the square of its distance
from the axis of rotation; -- called also <i>moment of rotation</i>
and <i>moment of the mass</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Statical
moment</b></col>, <cd>the product of a force into its leverage; the
same as <i>moment of a force</i> with respect to a point, line,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Virtual moment</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Virtual</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Instant; twinkling; consequence; weight; force;
value; consideration; signification; avail.</p>

<p><hw>Mo*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>momental</i>.] [Obs.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lasting but a
moment; brief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not one <i>momental</i> minute doth she
swerve.</blockquote> <i>Breton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Important; momentous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to moment
or momentum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*men"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>For a
moment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mo`men*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <hw>Mo"men*ta*ny</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>momentaneus</i>: cf. F.
<i>momentan&eacute;</i>.] <def>Momentary.</def> [Obs.] <i>Hooker.</i>
"<i>Momentany</i> as a sound."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"men*ta*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Every
moment; from moment to moment.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"men*ta*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being momentary; shortness of duration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"men*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>momentarius</i>. See <u>Moment</u>.] <def>Done in a moment;
continuing only a moment; lasting a very short time; as, a
<i>momentary</i> pang.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>momentary</i> joy breeds months of
pain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ment*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>For a moment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a moment; every moment;
momentarily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*men"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>momentosus</i> rapid, momentary.] <def>Of moment or consequence;
very important; weighty; as, a <i>momentous</i> decision;
<i>momentous</i> affairs.</def> -- <wf>Mo*men"tous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Mo*men"tous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mo*men"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Momenta</b></plw> (#), F. <plw><b>Momentums</b></plw> (#).
[L. See <u>Moment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The
quantity of motion in a moving body, being always proportioned to the
quantity of matter multiplied into the velocity; impetus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Essential element, or constituent
element.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall state the several <i>momenta</i> of the
distinction in separate propositions.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mom"i*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>m&ocirc;mier</i>, fr. OF. <i>momer</i>, <i>mommer</i>, to mumm, to
mask one's self.] <def>A name given in contempt to strict Calvinists
in Switzerland, France, and some parts of Germany, in the early part
of the 19th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mom"mer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mummery</u>.</def>  <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"mot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Momot</i> and
<i>motmot</i>, the native American name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Motmot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; blame,
ridicule, Momus.] <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>The god of mockery and
censure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon-</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>Mono-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. Sp. &amp; Pg.
<i>mona</i>, fem. of <i>mono</i> a monkey, ape.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small, handsome, long-tailed West American monkey
(<i>Cercopithecus mona</i>). The body is dark olive, with a spot of
white on the haunches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"a*chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>monachus</i>
a monk: cf. F. <i>monacal</i>. See <u>Monk</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to monks or a monastic life; monastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"a*chism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>monachisme</i>.] <def>The system and influences of a monastic
life; monasticism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mon-</i> +
<i>acid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having one hydrogen atom
replaceable by a negative or acid atom or radical; capable of
neutralizing a monobasic acid; -- said of bases, and of certain
metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>monas</i>, <i>-
adis</i>, a unit, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> alone.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ultimate atom, or simple, unextended
point; something ultimate and indivisible.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos. of Leibnitz)</i> <def>The
elementary and indestructible units which were conceived of as
endowed with the power to produce all the changes they undergo, and
thus determine all physical and spiritual phenomena.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the smallest
flagellate Infusoria; esp., the species of the genus Monas, and
allied genera.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A simple, minute organism;
a primary cell, germ, or plastid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An atom or radical whose
valence is one, or which can combine with, be replaced by, or
exchanged for, one atom of hydrogen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Monad deme</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>in tectology, a
unit of the first order of individuality.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 938 !></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`a*da"ri*a</hw>
(m&obreve;n`&adot;*d&amacr;"r&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Monad</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Infusoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`a*del"phi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> alone + <grk>'adelfo`s</grk> brother.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of plants having the stamens
united into a tube, or ring, by the filaments, as in the Mallow
family.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon`a*del"phi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`a*del"phous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>monadelphie</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Monadelphia; having the stamens united
in one body by the filaments.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mo*nad"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mo*nad"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or like, a monad, in any
of its senses. See <u>Monad</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>  <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nad"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Monad</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the form of a monad;
resembling a monad in having one or more filaments of vibratile
protoplasm; as, <i>monadiform</i> young.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`ad*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Monad</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The doctrine or theory of
monads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any Asiatic pheasant of the genus <i>Lophophorus</i>, as the
Impeyan pheasant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*am"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mon-</i> +
<i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An amido compound with only one
amido group.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mon-</i> +
<i>amine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A basic compound containing one
amido group; as, methyl amine is a <i>monamine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>One of the Monandria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*nan"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> alone + <grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>,
a man.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of plants embracing
those having but a single stamen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nan"dri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>; <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Monandrous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nan"dric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to monandry; practicing monandry as a system of
marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nan"drous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the monandria; having but one
stamen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nan"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Monandria</u>.] <def>The possession by a woman of only one husband
at the same time; -- contrasted with <i>polyandry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nan"thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mon-</i> + Gr.
<grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having but one flower;
one-flowered.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>monarque</i>,
L. <i>monarcha</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, &?;; <grk>mo`nos</grk> alone + &?;
to be first, rule, govern. See <u>Archi-</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sole or supreme ruler; a sovereign; the highest ruler; an
emperor, king, queen, prince, or chief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He who reigns<BR>
<i>Monarch</i> in heaven, . . . upheld by old repute.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One superior to all others of the same
kind; as, an oak is called the <i>monarch</i> of the
forest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A patron deity or presiding
genius.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, thou, <i>monarch</i> of the vine,<BR>
Plumpy Bacchus.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large red and
black butterfly (<i>Danais Plexippus</i>); -- called also <i>milkweed
butterfly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"arch</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Superior to others;
pre&euml;minent; supreme; ruling.</def> "<i>Monarch</i> savage."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nar"chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
a monarch; suiting a monarch; sovereign; regal; imperial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Satan, whom now transcendent glory raised<BR>
Above his fellows, with <i>monarchal</i> pride.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"arch*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
monarch.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo*nar"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Monarchic.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nar"chi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect in the early Christian church which
rejected the doctrine of the Trinity; -- called also
<i>patripassian</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mo*nar"chic</hw> (?), <hw>Mo*nar"chic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>monarchique</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a monarch, or to monarchy.</def> <i>Burke.</i> --
<wf>Mo*nar"chic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mon"arch*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles of, or preference for, monarchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"arch*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>monarchiste</i>.] <def>An advocate of, or believer in,
monarchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"arch*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Monarchized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Monarchizing</u> (?).] <def>To play the sovereign; to
act the monarch.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"arch*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rule; to
govern.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mon"arch*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
monarchizes; also, a monarchist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nar"cho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The nickname of
a crackbrained Italian who fancied himself an emperor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"arch*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Monarchies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>monarchie</i>, L.
<i>monarchia</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Monarch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A state or government in which the supreme power is lodged in
the hands of a monarch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A system of government in which the chief
ruler is a monarch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In those days he had affected zeal for
<i>monarchy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The territory ruled over by a monarch; a
kingdom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What scourage for perjury<BR>
Can this dark <i>monarchy</i> afford false Clarence.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fifth monarchy</b></col>, <cd>a universal monarchy,
supposed to be the subject of prophecy in Daniel ii.; the four
preceding monarchies being Assyrian, Persian, Grecian, and Roman. See
<i>Fifth Monarchy men</i>, under <u>Fifth</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Mo"nas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Monad</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of minute flagellate
Infusoria of which there are many species, both free and attached.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Monad</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`as*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monasterials</i>, fr. <i>monasterium</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to monastery, or to monastic life.</def> --
<wf>Mon`as*te"ri*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mon"as*te*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Monasteries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>monasterium</i>, Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; a solitary, a monk, fr. &?; to be alone, live in solitude,
fr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> alone.  Cf. <u>Minister</u>.] <def>A house of
religious retirement, or of secusion from ordinary temporal concerns,
especially for monks; -- more rarely applied to such a house for
females.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Convent; abbey; priory. See <u>Cloister</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mo*nas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
monk.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mo*nas"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Mo*nas"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; monk: cf. F. <i>monastique</i>. See
<u>Monastery</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
monasteries, or to their occupants, rules, etc., as, <i>monastic</i>
institutions or rules.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Secluded from temporal concerns and
devoted to religion; recluse.</def> "A life <i>monastic</i>."
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nas"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
monastic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nas"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
monastic life, system, or condition.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nas"ti*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Monastic</u>.] <def>A book giving an account of
monasteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`a*tom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Mon-</i> +
<i>atomic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Consisting
of, or containing, one atom; as, the molecule of mercury is
<i>monatomic</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having the
equivalence or replacing power of an atom of hydrogen; univalent; as,
the methyl radical is <i>monatomic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nax"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mon-</i> +
<i>axial</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having only one axis; developing
along a single line or plane; as, <i>monaxial</i>
development.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"a*zite</hw> (m&obreve;n"&adot;*z&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. <grk>mona`zein</grk> to be solitary,
in allusion to its isolated crystals.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral
occurring usually in small isolated crystals, -- a phosphate of the
cerium metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"day</hw> (m&ubreve;n"d&asl;; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>moneday</i>, <i>monenday</i>, AS.
<i>m&omacr;nand&aelig;g</i>, i.e., day of the moon, day sacred to the
moon; akin to D. <i>maandag</i>, G. <i>montag</i>, OHG.
<i>m&amacr;natag</i>, Icel. <i>m&amacr;nadagr</i>, Dan.
<i>mandag</i>, Sw. <i>m&aring;ndag</i>. See <u>Moon</u>, and
<u>Day</u>.] <def>The second day of the week; the day following
Sunday.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Monde</hw> (m&ocirc;Nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Mundane</u>.] <def>The world; a globe as an ensign of
royalty.</def> [R.]  <i>A. Drummond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>||Le beau monde</b></col> [F.], <cd>fashionable society.
See <u>Beau monde</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>||Demi monde</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Demimonde</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The moon.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mone</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A moan.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mo*ne"cian</hw> (?), <hw>Mo*ne"cious</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Mon&oelig;cian</u>,
and <u>Mon&oelig;cious</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*em"bry*o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mono-
</u>, and <u>Embryo</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The condition of an
ovule having but a single embryo.</def> -- <wf>Mon*em`bry*on"ic</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Monera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*ne"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>mo`nos</grk> single.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lowest
division of rhizopods, including those which resemble the
am&oelig;bas, but are destitute of a nucleus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ne"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Monera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ne"ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Monera.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One of the Monera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*ne"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Monera</b></plw> (#); E. <plw><b>Monerons</b></plw> (#).
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Monera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*ner"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of
<i>moner</i>. See <u>Monera</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A germ in that
stage of development in which its form is simply that of a non-
nucleated mass of protoplasm. It precedes the one-celled germ. So
called from its likeness to a moner.</def>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ne"sia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Pharm.)</i>
<def>The bark, or a vegetable extract brought in solid cakes from
South America and believed to be derived from the bark, of the tree
<i>Chrysophyllum glycyphl&oelig;um</i>. It is used as an alterative
and astringent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ne"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The acrid
principle of Monesia, sometimes used as a medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Admonish</u>.] <def>To warn; to admonish; to advise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif (2 Cor. v. 20).</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"e*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monetarius</i> belonging to a mint. See <u>Money</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to money, or consisting of money; pecuniary.</def> "The
<i>monetary</i> relations of Europe."  <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Monetary unit</b></col>, <cd>the standard of a national
currency, as the dollar in the United States, the pound in England,
the franc in France, the mark in Germany.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mon"eth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A month.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon`e*ti*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of converting into money, or of adopting as money; as, the
<i>monetization</i> of silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"e*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convert
into money; to adopt as current money; as, to <i>monetize</i>
silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Moneys</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>moneie</i>, OF. <i>moneie</i>,
F. <i>monnaie</i>, fr. L. <i>moneta</i>. See <u>Mint</u> place where
coin is made, <u>Mind</u>, and cf. <u>Moidore</u>, <u>Monetary</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of metal, as gold, silver, copper,
etc., coined, or stamped, and issued by the sovereign authority as a
medium of exchange in financial transactions between citizens and
with government; also, any number of such pieces; coin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To prevent such abuses, . . . it has been found
necessary . . . to affix a public stamp upon certain quantities of
such particular metals, as were in those countries commonly made use
of to purchase goods. Hence the origin of coined <i>money</i>, and of
those public offices called mints.</blockquote> <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any written or stamped promise,
certificate, or order, as a government note, a bank note, a
certificate of deposit, etc., which is payable in standard coined
money and is lawfully current in lieu of it; in a comprehensive
sense, any currency usually and lawfully employed in buying and
selling.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Whatever, among barbarous nations, is used as a medium of
effecting exchanges of property, and in the terms of which values are
reckoned, as sheep, wampum, copper rings, quills of salt or of gold
dust, shovel blades, etc., is, in common language, called their
<i>money</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In general, wealth; property; as, he has
much <i>money</i> in land, or in stocks; to make, or lose,
<i>money</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The love of <i>money</i> is a root of all kinds of
evil.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim vi. 10 (Rev. Ver. ).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Money bill</b></col> <i>(Legislation)</i>, <cd>a bill for
raising revenue.</cd> -- <col><b>Money broker</b></col>, <cd>a broker
who deals in different kinds of money; one who buys and sells bills
of exchange; -- called also <i>money changer</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Money cowrie</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of <i>Cypr&aelig;a</i> (esp. <i>C. moneta</i>)
formerly much used as money by savage tribes. See <u>Cowrie</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Money of account</b></col>, <cd>a denomination of value
used in keeping accounts, for which there may, or may not, be an
equivalent coin; <i>e. g.</i>, the mill is a <i>money of account</i>
in the United States, but not a coin.</cd> -- <col><b>Money
order</b></col>, <cd>an order for the payment of money; specifically,
a government order for the payment of money, issued at one post
office as payable at another; -- called also <i>postal money
order</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Money scrivener</b></col>, <cd>a person
who procures the loan of money to others.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Money spider</b></col>, <col><b>Money spinner</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small spider; -- so called as being
popularly supposed to indicate that the person upon whom it crawls
will be fortunate in money matters.</cd> -- <col><b>Money's
worth</b></col>, <cd>a fair or full equivalent for the money which is
paid.</cd> -- <col><b>A piece of money</b></col>, <cd>a single
coin.</cd> -- <col><b>Ready money</b></col>, <cd>money held ready for
payment, or actually paid, at the time of a transaction; cash.</cd> -
- <col><b>To make money</b></col>, <cd>to gain or acquire money or
property; to make a profit in dealings.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Mon"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply with
money.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mon"ey*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>monnayage</i> coinage.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tax paid to the
first two Norman kings of England to prevent them from debashing the
coin.</def>  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mintage; coinage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mon"eyed</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Supplied with money; having money; wealthy; as, <i>moneyed</i>
men.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Converted into money; coined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If exportation will not balance importation, away must
your silver go again, whether <i>moneyed</i> or not
<i>moneyed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Consisting in, or composed of,
money.</def>  <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ey*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Money</u>;
cf. OF. <i>monoier</i>, F. <i>monnoayeur</i>, L. <i>monetarius</i> a
master of the mint.  Cf. <u>Monetary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
person who deals in money; banker or broker.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An authorized coiner of money.</def>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The Company of Moneyers</b></col>, <cd>the officials who
formerly coined the money of Great Britain, and who claimed certain
prescriptive rights and privileges.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ey*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
money; penniless; impecunious.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ey-mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who coins or prints money; also, a
counterfeiter of money.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who accumulates money or wealth;
specifically, one who makes money-getting his governing
motive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ey-mak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of making money; the acquisition and accumulation of
wealth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Obstinacy in <i>money-making</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ey-mak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Affording profitable returns; lucrative; as, a <i>money-
making</i> business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Successful in gaining money, and devoted
to that aim; as, a <i>money-making</i> man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ey*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A trailing plant (<i>Lysimachia Nummularia</i>), with rounded
opposite leaves and solitary yellow flowers in their axils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mong"corn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mangcorn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mangere</i>,
fr. <i>mangian</i> to trade; akin to Icel. <i>manga</i> to trade,
<i>mangari</i> a trader, OHG. <i>mangari</i>, <i>mengari</i>; cf. L.
<i>mango</i> a dealer in slaves.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A trader; a
dealer; -- now used chiefly in composition; as, fish<i>monger</i>,
iron<i>monger</i>, news<i>monger</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small merchant vessel.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deal in; to make
merchandise of; to traffic in; -- used chiefly of discreditable
traffic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"gol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Mongols.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Mongolia or the Mongols.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*go"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Mongolia or the Mongols.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One of the Mongols.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*gol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mongolian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"go*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mongol</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling a Mongol or the Mongols; having race
characteristics, such as color, hair, and features, like those of the
Mongols.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon"gols</hw> (?), <hw>Mon*go"li*ans</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of the great races of man,
including the greater part of the inhabitants of China, Japan, and
the interior of Asia, with branches in Northern Europe and other
parts of the world. By some American Indians are considered a branch
of the Mongols. In a more restricted sense, the inhabitants of
Mongolia and adjacent countries, including the Burats and the
Kalmuks.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon"goose</hw>, <hw>Mon"goos</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of ichneumon
(<i>Herpestes griseus</i>), native of India. Applied also to other
allied species, as the African banded mongoose (<i>Crossarchus
fasciatus</i>).</def> [Written also <i>mungoose</i>, <i>mungoos</i>,
<i>mungous</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mon"grel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. shortened fr.
<i>mongrel</i>, and akin to AS. <i>mengan</i> to mix, and E.
<i>mingle</i>. See <u>Mingle</u>.] <def>The progeny resulting from a
cross between two breeds, as of domestic animals; anything of mixed
breed.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"grel</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Not of a pure breed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of mixed kinds; as, <i>mongrel</i>
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"grel*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
cause to be mongrel; to cross breeds, so as to produce
mongrels.</def></p>

<p><hw>'Mongst</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Amongst</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Moneyed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nif"i*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>monile</i> necklace + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A fossil fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nil"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>monile</i>
necklace + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>moniliforme</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Joined or constricted, at regular intervals, so as to resemble a
string of beads; as, a <i>moniliform</i> root; a <i>moniliform</i>
antenna.  See <i>Illust</i>. of <u>Antenna</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monimentum</i>, <i>monumentum</i>. See <u>Monument</u>.]
<def>Something to preserve memory; a reminder; a monument; hence, a
mark; an image; a superscription; a record.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>monesten</i>. See <u>Admonish</u>, <u>Monition</u>.] <def>To
admonish; to warn. See <u>Admonish</u>.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
monishes; an admonisher.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Mon"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Admonition.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><! p. 939 !></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ism</hw> (m&obreve;n"&ibreve;z'm <i>or</i>
m&omacr;"n&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr.
<grk>mo`nos</grk> single.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i>
<def>That doctrine which refers all phenomena to a single ultimate
constituent or agent; -- the opposite of <i>dualism</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The doctrine has been held in three generic forms: matter
and its phenomena have been explained as a modification of mind,
involving an idealistic <i>monism</i>; or mind has been explained by
and resolved into matter, giving a materialistic <i>monism</i>; or,
thirdly, matter, mind, and their phenomena have been held to be
manifestations or modifications of some one substance, like the
substance of Spinoza, or a supposed unknown something of some
evolutionists, which is capable of an objective and subjective
aspect.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See <u>Monogenesis</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in
monism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or involving, monism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>monitio</i>, from <i>monere</i> to warn, bring to mind; akin to E.
<i>mind</i>. See <u>Mind</u>, and cf. <u>Admonish</u>, <u>Money</u>,
<u>Monster</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Instruction or advice given
by way of caution; an admonition; a warning; a caution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sage <i>monitions</i> from his friends.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Information; indication; notice;
advice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have no visible <i>monition</i> of . . . other
periods, such as we have of the day by successive light and
darkness.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Admiralty Practice)</i> <def>A process in
the nature of a summons to appear and answer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <def>An order monishing a
party complained against to obey under pain of the law.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Conveying
admonition; admonitory.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>monere</i>. See <u>Monition</u>, and cf. <u>Mentor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who admonishes; one who warns of faults,
informs of duty, or gives advice and instruction by way of reproof or
caution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You need not be a <i>monitor</i> to the
king.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, specifically, a pupil selected to
look to the school in the absence of the instructor, to notice the
absence or faults of the scholars, or to instruct a division or
class.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large Old World
lizard of the genus <i>Varanus</i>; esp., the Egyptian species (<i>V.
Niloticus</i>), which is useful because it devours the eggs and young
of the crocodile. It is sometimes five or six feet long.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [So called from the name given by Captain
Ericson, its designer, to the first ship of the kind.] <def>An
ironclad war vessel, very low in the water, and having one or more
heavily-armored revolving turrets, carrying heavy guns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A tool holder, as for a
lathe, shaped like a low turret, and capable of being revolved on a
vertical pivot so as to bring successively the several tools in holds
into proper position for cutting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Monitor top</b></col>, <cd>the raised central portion, or
clearstory, of a car roof, having low windows along its
sides.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mon`i*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a monitor or
monitors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done or performed by a monitor; as,
<i>monitorial</i> work; conducted or taught by monitors; as, a
<i>monitorial</i> school; <i>monitorial</i> instruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`i*to"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
monitorial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"i*tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The post or
office of a monitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monitorius</i>.] <def>Giving admonition; instructing by way of
caution; warning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Losses, miscarriages, and disappointments, are
<i>monitory</i> and instructive.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"i*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Admonition;
warning; especially, a monition proceeding from an ecclesiastical
court, but not addressed to any one person.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon"i*tress</hw> (?), <hw>Mon"i*trix</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female monitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Monk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>munuc</i>,
<i>munec</i>, <i>munc</i>, L. <i>monachus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr.
<grk>mo`nos</grk> alone.  Cf. <u>Monachism</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A man who retires from the ordinary temporal concerns of the
world, and devotes himself to religion; one of a religious community
of men inhabiting a monastery, and bound by vows to a life of
chastity, obedience, and poverty.</def> "A <i>monk</i> out of his
cloister."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Monks</i> in some respects agree with regulars, as
in the substantial vows of religion; but in other respects
<i>monks</i> and regulars differ; for that regulars, vows excepted,
are not tied up to so strict a rule of life as <i>monks</i>
are.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A blotch or spot of ink on
a printed page, caused by the ink not being properly distributed. It
is distinguished from a <i>friar</i>, or white spot caused by a
deficiency of ink.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of tinder made of agaric, used in
firing the powder hose or train of a mine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
South American monkey (<i>Pithecia monachus</i>); also applied to
other species, as <i>Cebus xanthocephalus</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The European bullfinch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Monk bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South
American and West Indian bat (<i>Molossus nasutus</i>); -- so called
because the males live in communities by themselves.</cd> --
<col><b>Monk bird</b></col><i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the friar
bird.</cd> -- <col><b>Monk seal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
species of seal (<i>Monachus albiventer</i>) inhabiting the Black
Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, and the adjacent parts of the
Atlantic.</cd> -- <col><b>Monk's rhubarb</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a kind of dock; -- also called <i>patience</i> (<i>Rumex
Patientia</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Monk"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Monkeries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The life
of monks; monastic life; monastic usage or customs; -- now usually
applied by way of reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Miters, and wretched dead medi&aelig;val
<i>monkeries</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collective body of monks.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though he have a whole <i>monkery</i> to sing for
him.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"key</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Monkeys</b></plw> (#). [Cf. OIt. <i>monicchio</i>, It.
<i>monnino</i>, dim. of <i>monna</i> an ape, also dame, mistress,
contr. fr. <i>madonna</i>. See <u>Madonna</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In the most general
sense, any one of the Quadrumana, including apes, baboons, and
lemurs.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any species of Quadrumana,
except the lemurs.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Any one of numerous
species of Quadrumana (esp. such as have a long tail and prehensile
feet) exclusive of apes and baboons.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The monkeys are often divided into three groups: (<i>a</i>)
<i>Catarrhines</i>, or <i>Simid&aelig;</i>. These have an oblong
head, with the oblique flat nostrils near together. Some have no
tail, as the apes. All these are natives of the Old World. (<i>b</i>)
<i>Platyrhines</i>, or <i>Cebid&aelig;</i>. These have a round head,
with a broad nasal septum, so that the nostrils are wide apart and
directed downward. The tail is often prehensile, and the thumb is
short and not opposable. These are natives of the New World.
(<i>c</i>) <i>Strepsorhines</i>, or <i>Lemuroidea</i>. These have a
pointed head with curved nostrils. They are natives of Southern Asia,
Africa, and Madagascar.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A term of disapproval, ridicule, or
contempt, as for a mischievous child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the <i>monkey's</i> own giving out; she is
persuaded I will marry her.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The weight or hammer of a pile driver,
that is, a very heavy mass of iron, which, being raised on high,
falls on the head of the pile, and drives it into the earth; the
falling weight of a drop hammer used in forging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small trading vessel of the sixteenth
century.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Monkey boat</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A small boat used in docks</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A half-
decked boat used on the River Thames.</cd> -- <col><b>Monkey
block</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a small single block strapped
with a swivel.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i> -- <col><b>Monkey
flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Mimulus</i>; -- so called from the appearance of its gaping
corolla.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Monkey gaff</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a light gaff attached to the topmast for the
better display of signals at sea.</cd> -- <col><b>Monkey
jacket</b></col>, <cd>a short closely fitting jacket, worn by
sailors.</cd> -- <col><b>Monkey rail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
second and lighter rail raised about six inches above the quarter
rail of a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Monkey shine</b></col>, <cd>monkey
trick.</cd> [Slang, U.S.] -- <col><b>Monkey trick</b></col>, <cd>a
mischievous prank.</cd> <i>Saintsbury.</i> -- <col><b>Monkey
wheel</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Gin block</i>, under 5th <u>Gin</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Monkey wrench</b></col>, <cd>a wrench or spanner having a
movable jaw.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mon"key</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To act or
treat as a monkey does; to ape; to act in a grotesque or meddlesome
manner.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To monkey with</b></col>, <cd>to handle in a meddlesome
manner.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Mon"key-bread`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The fruit of the <i>Adansonia digitata</i>; also, the tree. See
<u>Adansonia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"key-cup`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Nepenthes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"key-pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fruit of two South American trees
(<i>Lecythis Ollaria</i>, and <i>L. Zabucajo</i>), which have for
their fruit large, pot-shaped, woody capsules containing delicious
nuts, and opening almost explosively by a circular lid at the top.
Vases and pots are made of this capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"key's puz"zle</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A lofty
coniferous Chilian tree (<i>Araucaria imbricata</i>), the branches of
which are so crowded and intertwisted "as to puzzle a monkey to
climb." The edible nuts are over an inch long, and are called
<i>pi&ntilde;on</i> by the Chilians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"key*tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A short, round iron bar or lever used in naval gunnery.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Monk"fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The angel fish (<i>Squatina</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The angler (<i>Lophius</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Monk"flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A name of certain curious orchids which bear three kinds of
flowers formerly referred to three genera, but now ascertained to be
sexually different forms of the same genus (<i>Catasetum
tridentatum</i>, etc.).</def></p>

<p><hw>Monk"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Monk</i> + <i>-
hood</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The character or condition of a
monk.</def>  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Monks, regarded collectively.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Monk"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Monkish.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Monk"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a monk, or
pertaining to monks; monastic; as, <i>monkish</i> manners;
<i>monkish</i> dress; <i>monkish</i> solitude.</def> --
<wf>Monk"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Monk"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or suitable to,
a monk.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Monks"hood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant of the genus <i>Aconitum</i>; aconite. See
<u>Aconite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Monk's" seam`</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An extra middle
seam made at the junction of two breadths of canvas, ordinarily
joined by only two rows of stitches.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon"o-</hw> (?), <hw>Mon-</hw> (?) }. [Gr. &?;.] <def>A
prefix signifying one, <i>single</i>, <i>alone</i>; as,
<i>mono</i>carp, <i>mono</i>poly; <i>(Chem.)</i> indicating that a
compound contains <i>one atom</i>, <i>radical</i>, or <i>group</i> of
that to the name of which it is united; as, <i>mon</i>oxide,
<i>mono</i>sulphide, <i>mon</i>atomic, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The black howler of Central America
(<i>Mycetes villosus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*ba"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
<i>basic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of being neutralized by a
univalent base or basic radical; having but one acid hydrogen atom to
be replaced; -- said of acids; as, acetic, nitric, and hydrochloric
acids are <i>monobasic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*car*bon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ <i>carbonic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing one carboxyl
group; as, acetic acid is a <i>monocarbonic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*car"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
Gr. &?; heart.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a single heart, as
fishes and amphibians.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An animal
having a single heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
monocarpic plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*car"pel*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-
</i> + <i>carpellary</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Consisting of a single
carpel, as the fruit of the pea, cherry, and almond.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon`o*car"pic</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`o*car"pous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> + Gr. &?; fruit: cf. F.
<i>monocarpe</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing fruit but once, and
dying after fructification, as beans, maize, mustard, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Annual and biennual herbs are monocarpic, so also some
plants of longer duration, as the century plant.</p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>kefalh`</grk> head.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a solitary
head; -- said of unbranched composite plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*noc"e*ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>mo`nos</grk> alone, single + <grk>ke`ras</grk> horn.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A one-horned creature; a unicorn; a sea
monster with one horn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mighty <i>monoceroses</i> with immeasured
tails.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The Unicorn, a
constellation situated to the east Orion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*chla*myd"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-
</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, cloak: cf. F. <i>monochlamyd&eacute;</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a single floral envelope, that is, a calyx
without a corolla, or, possibly, in rare cases, a corolla without a
calyx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monochordon</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; with but one string; &?; only,
single + &?; string: cf. F. <i>monocorde</i>. See <u>Chord</u>, and
cf. <u>Mainchord</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument for
experimenting upon the mathematical relations of musical sounds. It
consists of a single string stretched between two bridges, one or
both of which are movable, and which stand upon a graduated rule for
the purpose of readily changing and measuring the length of the part
of the string between them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*chro*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>monochromatique</i>. See <u>Monochrome</u>.] <def>Consisting of
one color, or presenting rays of light of one color only.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Monochromatic lamp</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>,<cd>a lamp
whose flame yields rays of some one homogenous light. It is of great
importance in optical experiments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of one
color; <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + &?; color: cf. F.
<i>monochrome</i>.] <def>A painting or drawing in a single color; a
picture made with a single color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*chro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made, or
done, with a single color; as, a <i>monochromic</i>
picture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*chro`my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
painting or drawing in monochrome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*chron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
Gr. &?; time.] <def>Existing at the same time;
contemporaneous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*cil"i*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ <i>ciliated</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having but one
cilium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Monocular</u>.] <def>An eyeglass for one eye.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*cli"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Monoclinic</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Having one oblique
inclination; -- applied to strata that dip in only one direction from
the axis of elevation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*cline</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A monoclinal fold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*clin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
Gr. &?; to incline.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Having one oblique
intersection; -- said of that system of crystallization in which the
vertical axis is inclined to one, but at right angles to the other,
lateral axis. See <u>Crystallization</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*noc"li*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
Gr. &?; couch, fr. &?; to lie down: cf. F. <i>monocline</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Hermaphrodite, or having both stamens and pistils
in every flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`o*con"dy*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Mono-</u>, and <u>Condyle</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group
of vertebrates, including the birds and reptiles, or those that have
only one occipital condyle; the Sauropsida.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*co*tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any monocotyledonous plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*co*tyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>monocotyle</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Monocotyledonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*cot`y*le"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-
</i> + <i>cotyledon</i>: cf. F. <i>monocotyl&eacute;done</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant with only one cotyledon, or seed
lobe.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The plural, <i>monocotyledons</i>, is used as the name of a
large class of plants, and is generally understood to be equivalent
to the term <i>endogens</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*cot`y*le"don*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>monocotyl&eacute;don&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having only
one cotyledon, seed lobe, or seminal leaf.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*noc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
<i>-cracy</i>, as in <i>democracy</i>.] <def>Government by a single
person; undivided rule.</def>  <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*crat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?; ruling
alone.] <def>One who governs alone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*crot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or showing, monocrotism; as, a
<i>monocrotic</i> pulse; a pulse of the <i>monocrotic</i>
type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*noc"ro*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mo`nos</grk> alone + &?; a beating.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>That
condition of the pulse in which the pulse curve or sphygmogram shows
but a single crest, the dicrotic elevation entirely
disappearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*noc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monoculus</i>; Gr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + L. <i>oculus</i>
eye: cf. F. <i>monoculaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having only
one eye; with one eye only; as, <i>monocular</i> vision.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to be used with only one eye at a
time; as, a <i>monocular</i> microscope.</def></p>

<p><! p. 940 !></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*cule</hw> (m&obreve;n"&osl;*k&umacr;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Monocular</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small crustacean with one median eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*noc"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Monocular.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*cys"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Mono-
</u>, and <u>Cyst</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
a division (<i>Monocystidea</i>) of Gregarinida, in which the body
consists of one sac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>monoda`ktylos</grk>; <grk>mo`nos</grk> single +
<grk>da`ktylos</grk> finger: cf. F. <i>monodactyle</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having but one finger or claw.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon"o*delph</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`o*del"phi*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Monodelphia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`o*del"phi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + <grk>delfy`s</grk> the womb.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The group that includes all ordinary or
placental mammals; the Placentalia. See <u>Mammalia</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon`o*del"phic</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`o*del"phous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Monodelphia.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mo*nod"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mo*nod"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to
a monody.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>For one
voice; monophonic.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Homophonic; --
applied to music in which the melody is confined to one part, instead
of being shared by all the parts as in the style called
<i>polyphonic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*di*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ <i>dimetric</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Dimetric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of a
monody.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon"o*dra`ma</hw> (?), <hw>Mon"o*drame</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> + Gr. &?; drama.] <def>A drama
acted, or intended to be acted, by a single person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*dra*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to a monodrama.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Monodies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>monodia</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
singing alone; <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + &?; song: cf. F.
<i>monodie</i>. See <u>Ode</u>.] <def>A species of poem of a mournful
character, in which a single mourner expresses lamentation; a song
for one voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*dy*nam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
<i>dynamic</i>.] <def>Possessing but one capacity or power.</def>
"<i>Monodynamic</i> men."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*dy"na*mism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
theory that the various forms of activity in nature are
manifestations of the same force.</def>  <i>G. H. Lewes.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*n&oelig;"ci*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + &?; house.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Linn&aelig;an class of plants, whose stamens and pistils are in
distinct flowers in the same plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*n&oelig;"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Mon&oelig;cia; mon&oelig;cious.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One of the Mon&oelig;cia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mon&oelig;cious
animal, as certain mollusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*n&oelig;"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the sexes united in one individual, as
when male and female flowers grow upon the same individual plant;
hermaphrodite; -- opposed to <i>di&oelig;cious</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*n&oelig;"cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The state or condition of being mon&oelig;cious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*gam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>One of the Monogamia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`o*ga"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Monogamous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an order of
plants, having solitary flowers with united anthers, as in the genus
<i>Lobelia</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon`o*ga"mi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`o*gam"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Monogamous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or involving, monogamy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Monogamia; having a simple flower with united anthers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nog"a*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices or upholds monogamy.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nog"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monogamus</i> having but one wife, Gr. &?;; <grk>mo`nos</grk>
single + &?; marriage.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Upholding, or
practicing, monogamy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Monogamian</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Mating with but one of
the opposite sex; -- said of birds and mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nog"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monogamia</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>monogamie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Single marriage; marriage with but one
person, husband or wife, at the same time; -- opposed to
<i>polygamy</i>. Also, one marriage only during life; -- opposed to
<i>deuterogamy</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>State of being paired
with a single mate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
Gr. &?; belly.] <def>Having but a single stomach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
<i>genesis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Oneness of origin; esp.
<i>(Biol.)</i>, development of all beings in the universe from a
single cell; -- opposed to <i>polygenesis</i>. Called also
<i>monism</i>.</def>  <i>Dana.</i>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That form of reproduction
which requires but one parent, as in reproduction by fission or in
the formation of buds, etc., which drop off and form new individuals;
asexual reproduction.</def>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The direct development of
an embryo, without metamorphosis, into an organism similar to the
parent organism; -- opposed to <i>metagenesis</i>.</def>  <i>E. van
Beneden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Monogenesis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>One in
genesis; resulting from one process of formation; -- used of a
mountain range.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Relating to, or involving,
monogenesis; as, the <i>monogenetic</i> school of physiologists, who
admit but one cell as the source of all beings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to monogenesis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing only one
kind of germs, or young; developing only in one way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nog"e*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anthropol.)</i> <def>The theory or doctrine that the human races
have a common origin, or constitute a single species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nog"e*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anthropol.)</i> <def>One who maintains that the human races are
all of one species; -- opposed to <i>polygenist</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*ge*nis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Monogenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to monogenesis; as, <i>monogenous</i>, or
asexual, reproduction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Monogenesis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anthropol.)</i> <def>The doctrine that the
members of the human race have all a common origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*go*neu"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ Gr. &?; offspring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having but one brood
in a season.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monogramma</i>; Gr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + <grk>gra`mma</grk>
letter, fr. <grk>gra`fein</grk> to write: cf. F. <i>monogramme</i>.
See <u>Graphic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A character or cipher
composed of two or more letters interwoven or combined so as to
represent a name, or a part of it (usually the initials). Monograms
are often used on seals, ornamental pins, rings, buttons, and by
painters, engravers, etc., to distinguish their works.</def></p>

<p><i>Monogram.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The monogram above, combining the letters of the name
<u>Karolvs</u>, was used by Charlemagne.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A picture in lines; a sketch.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An arbitrary sign for a word.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*gram`mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Monogrammic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*gram*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Monogrammic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*gram"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, a monogram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*gram`mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Monogrammic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>A written account or description of a single
thing, or class of things; a special treatise on a particular subject
of limited range.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
a monograph.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>monographique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a monograph, or to a monography; as, a
<i>monographic</i> writing; a <i>monographic</i> picture.</def> --
<wf>Mon`o*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
writes a monograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nog"ra*phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Monographic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>monographie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Representation by lines without color; an outline
drawing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A monograph.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*gyn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>One of the Monogynia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`o*gyn"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + &?; woman, female.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A Linn&aelig;an order of plants, including those which have only
one style or stigma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*gyn"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the Monogynia; monogynous.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Monogynia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nog"y*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>monogyne</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to Monogynia;
having only one style or stigma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nog"y*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Monogynia</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Marriage with the one
woman only.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The state or condition of
being monogynous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*hem"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ Gr. &?; day.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Lasting but one day.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*noi"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Mon&oelig;cious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
Gr. &?; worship.] <def>Worship of a single deity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*lith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>monolithe</i>, L. <i>monolithus</i> consisting of a single stone,
Gr. &?;; <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + <grk>li`qos</grk> stone.] <def>A
single stone, especially one of large size, shaped into a pillar,
statue, or monument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*lith`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Monolithic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*lith"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a monolith; consisting of a single stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Monologue</u>.] <def>One who soliloquizes; esp., one who
monopolizes conversation in company.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>monologue</i>, Gr. &?; speaking alone; <grk>mo`nos</grk> alone,
single, sole + <grk>lo`gos</grk> speech, discourse,
<grk>le`gein</grk> to speak. See <u>Legend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A speech uttered by a person alone; soliloquy; also, talk or
discourse in company, in the strain of a soliloquy; as, an account in
<i>monologue</i>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dramatic composition for a single
performer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>The
habit of soliloquizing, or of monopolizing conversation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was not by an insolent usurpation that Coleridge
persisted in <i>monology</i> through his whole life.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Mon`o*ma"chi*a</hw> (?), <hw>Mo*nom"a*chy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>monomachia</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; fighting
in single combat; <grk>mo`nos</grk> single, alone + &?; to fight.]
<def>A duel; single combat.</def> "The duello or <i>monomachia</i>."
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nom"a*chist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
fights in single combat; a duelist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*mane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
monomaniac.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
<i>mania</i>.] <def>Derangement of the mind in regard of a single
subject only; also, such a concentration of interest upon one
particular subject or train of ideas to show mental
derangement.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insanity; madness; alienation; aberration;
derangement; mania. See <u>Insanity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mon`oma"ni*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
affected by monomania.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon`oma"ni*ac</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`oma"ni*a*cal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>monomaniaque</i>.] <def>Affected with
monomania, or partial derangement of intellect; caused by, or
resulting from, monomania; as, a <i>monomaniacal</i>
delusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Gr.
<grk>mo`nos</grk> single + <i>-nome</i> as in <i>binome</i>. See
<u>Binomial</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A monomial.</def></p>

<p>
</p>

<p><hw>Mo*nom"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mo`nos</grk> single; <grk>mo`nos</grk> alone + &?; part.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Composed of solitary parts, as
a flower with one sepal, one petal, one stamen, and one
pistil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having but one joint;
-- said of the foot of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*me*tal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of one metal; of or pertaining to
monometallism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*met"al*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ <i>metal</i>.] <def>The legalized use of one metal only, as gold,
or silver, in the standard currency of a country, or as a standard of
money values. See <u>Bimetallism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*met"al*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes in monometallism as opposed to bimetallism, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of one
meter; <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + &?; measure.] <def>A rhythmic
series, consisting of a single meter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>monom&eacute;trique</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Isometric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*no"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Monome</u>,
<u>Binomial</u>.] <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A single algebraic expression;
that is, an expression unconnected with any other by the sign of
addition, substraction, equality, or inequality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*no"mi*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Alg.)</i>
<def>Consisting of but a single term or expression.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon`o*mor"phic</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`o*mor"phous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> + Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Having but a single form; retaining the same form throughout the
various stages of development; of the same or of an essentially
similar type of structure; -- opposed to <i>dimorphic</i>,
<i>trimorphic</i>, and <i>polymorphic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*nom"pha*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>mo`nos</grk> alone + &?; the navel.] <def>A form of double
monster, in which two individuals are united by a common
umbilicus.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Mo*no"my*a</hw> (?), <hw>||Mon`o*my*a"ri*a</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> single +
&?;, &?;, muscle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
lamellibranchs having but one muscle for closing the shell, as the
oyster.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon`o*my"a*ri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`o*my"a*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Monomya.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Monomya.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*no"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Monomyal.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon`o*ou"si*an</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`o*ou"si*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> + Gr. &?; being, substance,
essence.] <i>(Theil.)</i> <def>Having but one and the same nature or
essence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nop"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>mo`nos</grk> alone + &?;, &?;, to suffer.] <def>Suffering or
sensibility in a single organ or function.</def> --
<wf>Mon`o*path"ic</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*per"son*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ <i>personal</i>.] <def>Having but one person, or form of
existence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ <i>petal</i>: cf. F. <i>monop&eacute;tale</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having only one petal, or the corolla in one piece, or composed
of petals cohering so as to form a tube or bowl;
gamopetalous.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The most recent authors restrict this form to flowers
having a solitary petal, as in species of <i>Amorpha</i>, and use
<i>gamopetalous</i> for a corolla of several petals combined into one
piece. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Gamopetalous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mo*noph"a*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
Gr. &?; to show.] <def>Having one and the same appearance; having a
mutual resemblance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
Gr. &?; a voice.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Single-voiced; having but one
part; as, a <i>monophonic</i> composition; -- opposed to
<i>polyphonic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"oph*thong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; with one
sound; <grk>mo`nos</grk> alone + &?; sound, voice.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A single uncompounded vowel sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A combination of two written vowels
pronounced as one; a digraph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`oph*thon"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of, or pertaining to, a monophthong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*phy*let"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of
one tribe, fr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + &?; clan.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a single family or stock, or to development
from a single common parent form; -- opposed to <i>polyphyletic</i>;
as, <i>monophyletic</i> origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*noph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mono`fyllos</grk>; <grk>mo`nos</grk> alone + <grk>fy`llon</grk>
leaf: cf. F. <i>monophylle</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One-leaved;
composed of a single leaf; as, a <i>monophyllous</i> involucre or
calyx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*phy"o*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mo`nos</grk> single (<grk>mo`nos</grk> alone + &?; to produce) +
<grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having but one set of teeth; -- opposed to
<i>diphyodont</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*noph"y*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>mo`nos</grk> single + &?; nature: cf. F. <i>monophysite</i>.]
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect, in the ancient church, who
maintained that the human and divine in Jesus Christ constituted but
one composite nature. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*phy*sit"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Monophysites, or their doctrines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*plast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
<i>-plast</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A monoplastic element.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
<i>-plastic</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That has one form, or retains
its primary form, as, a <i>monoplastic</i> element.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`ople"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>mo`nos</grk> single + &?; a stroke.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Paralysis affecting a single limb.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`op*neu"mo*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Mono-</u>, and <u>Pneumonia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
suborder of Dipnoi, including the Ceratodus.</def> [Written also
<i>monopneumonia</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*pode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of a fabulous tribe or race of Ethiopians having but one leg
and foot.</def>  <i>Sir J. Mandeville.</i>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A monopodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*po"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having a monopodium or a single and continuous axis, as a
birchen twig or a cornstalk.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`o*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Monopodia</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>-ums</b></plw> (#). [L.
See <u>Monopody</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A single and continuous
vegetable axis; -- opposed to <i>sympodium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nop"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> + Gr.
<grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot: cf. &?;, &?;, one-footed.]
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A measure of but a single foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nop"o*ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
monopolist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 941 !></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nop"o*list</hw> (m&osl;*n&obreve;p"&osl;*l&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who monopolizes; one who has a
monopoly; one who favors monopoly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nop`o*lis"tic</hw> (-l&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a monopolist.</def>
<i>North Am. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nop"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
monopolist.</def>  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nop"o*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Monopolized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Monopolizing</u> (?).] [From <u>Monopoly</u>.]
<def>To acquire a monopoly of; to have or get the exclusive privilege
or means of dealing in, or the exclusive possession of; to engross
the whole of; as, to <i>monopolize</i> the coffee trade; to
<i>monopolize</i> land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nop"o*li`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
monopolizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nop"o*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Monopolies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>monopolium</i>, Gr. &?;,
&?;; <grk>mo`nos</grk> alone + &?; to sell.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The exclusive power, or privilege of selling a commodity; the
exclusive power, right, or privilege of dealing in some article, or
of trading in some market; sole command of the traffic in anything,
however obtained; as, the proprietor of a patented article is given a
<i>monopoly</i> of its sale for a limited time; chartered trading
companies have sometimes had a <i>monopoly</i> of trade with remote
regions; a combination of traders may get a <i>monopoly</i> of a
particular product.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Raleigh held a <i>monopoly</i> of cards, Essex a
<i>monopoly</i> of sweet wines.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exclusive possession; as, a
<i>monopoly</i> of land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If I had a <i>monopoly</i> out, they would have part
on 't.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The commodity or other material thing to
which the monopoly relates; as, tobacco is a <i>monopoly</i> in
France.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*pol"y*logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>poly`s</grk> many + <grk>lo`gos</grk> speech.] <def>An
exhibition in which an actor sustains many characters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*psy"chism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
Gr. &?; soul.] <def>The doctrine that there is but one immortal soul
or intellect with which all men are endowed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nop"ter*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; with a
row of pillars only; <grk>mo`nos</grk> alone, only + &?; feather,
wing, also, a row of pillars: cf. F. <i>monopt&egrave;re</i>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Round and without a cella; consisting of a single
ring of columns supporting a roof; -- said esp. of a
temple.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*nop"ter*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Monoptera</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Monopteral</u>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A circular temple consisting of a roof supported
on columns, without a cella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"op*tote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monoptotum</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + &?; apt to
fall, fallen, fr. &?; to fall; cf. &?; case.] <i>(Gram.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A noun having only one case.</def>
<i>Andrews.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A noun having only one ending for the
oblique cases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*py*re"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ <i>pyrene</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having but a single stone or
kernel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`or*gan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mon-</i> +
<i>organic</i>.] <i>(Biol. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>Belonging to, or
affecting, a single organ, or set of organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`o*rhi"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + &?;, &?;, nose.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Marsipobranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*rhyme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
<i>rhyme</i>: cf. F. <i>monorime</i>.] <def>A composition in verse,
in which all the lines end with the same rhyme.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*sep"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ <i>sepal</i>: cf. F. <i>monos&eacute;pale</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having only one sepal, or the calyx in one piece or composed of
the sepals united into one piece; gamosepalous.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The most recent writers restrict this term to flowers
having a solarity sepal, and use <i>gamosepalous</i> for a calyx
formed by several sepals combined into one piece.  Cf.
<u>Monopetalous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A monospermous plant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon`o*sper"mal</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`o*sper"mous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> + Gr. <grk>spe`rma</grk> seed: cf.
F. <i>monosperme</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having only one
seed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*spher"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ <i>spherical</i>.] <def>Consisting of one sphere only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*stich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from &?;
consisting of one verse; <grk>mo`nos</grk> single +
<grk>sti`chos</grk> line, verse.] <def>A composition consisting of
one verse only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nos"ti*chous</hw> (m&osl;*n&obreve;s"t&ibreve;*k&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Monostich</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Arranged in a single row on one side of an axis, as the flowers
in grasses of the tribe <i>Chlorid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nos"tro*phe</hw> (m&osl;*n&obreve;s"tr&osl;*f&esl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>mono`strofos</grk>
monostrophic.] <def>A metrical composition consisting of a single
strophe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*stroph"ic</hw>
(m&obreve;n`&osl;*str&obreve;f"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>monostrofiko`s</grk>; <grk>mo`nos</grk> single +
<grk>strofh`</grk> strophe.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Having one strophe
only; not varied in measure; written in unvaried measure.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
<i>sulphide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sulphide containing one atom
of sulphur, and analogous to a monoxide; -- contrasted with a
<i>polysulphide</i>; as, galena is a <i>monosulphide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*sul"phu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ <i>sulphuret</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Monosulphide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>monosyllabique</i>.] <def>Being a monosyllable, or composed of
monosyllables; as, a <i>monosyllabic</i> word; a <i>monosyllabic</i>
language.</def> -- <wf>Mon`o*syl*lab"ic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*syl"la*bism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of consisting of monosyllables, or having a monosyllabic form;
frequent occurrence of monosyllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*syl`la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monosyllabus</i> of one syllable, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>monosyllabe</i>. See <u>Mono-</u>, <u>Syllable</u>.] <def>A word
of one syllable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*syl`la*bled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed
into, or consisting of, monosyllables.</def>  <i>Cleveland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon`o*sym*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`o*sym*met"ric*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> + <i>symmetric</i>, <i>-
ical</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Monoclinic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*tes"sa*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>mo`nos</grk> single + &?; four.] <def>A single narrative framed
from the statements of the four evangelists; a gospel harmony.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mon`o*thal"a*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + <grk>qa`lamos</grk> a chamber.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Foraminifera including those
that have only one chamber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*thal"a*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Monothalamous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A foraminifer having
but one chamber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*thal"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>qa`lamos</grk> chamber: cf. F. <i>monothalame</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One-chambered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*thal"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Monothalamous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Formed from one pistil; --
said of fruits.</def>  <i>R. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*the"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
Br. &?; box.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a single
loculament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*the*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
Gr. &?; god: cf. F. <i>monoth&eacute;isme</i>.] <def>The doctrine or
belief that there is but one God.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*the*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>monoth&eacute;iste</i>.] <def>One who believes that there is but
one God.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*the*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to monotheism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mo*noth"e*lism</hw> (?), <hw>Mo*noth"e*li*tism</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>monoth&eacute;lisme</i>,
<i>monoth&eacute;litisme</i>.] <def>The doctrine of the
Monothelites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*noth"e*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>mo`nos</grk> alone, only + &?;, &?;, to will, be willing: cf. F.
<i>monoth&eacute;lite</i>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of an
ancient sect who held that Christ had but one will as he had but one
nature.  Cf. <u>Monophysite</u>.</def>  <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*the*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Monothelites, or their doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*not"o*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
Gr. &?; birth, offspring.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Bearing fruit but once; monocarpic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Uniparous; laying a
single egg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*not"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
Gr. &?; cutting, fr. &?; to cut.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Having a
distinct cleavage in a single direction only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Monotonous</u>, <u>Monotony</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A single unvaried tone or sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The utterance of successive
syllables, words, or sentences, on one unvaried key or line of
pitch.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon`o*ton"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`o*ton"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or uttered in, a
monotone; monotonous.</def> "<i>Monotonical</i> declamation."
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*not"o*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
talks in the same strain or on the same subject until weariness is
produced.</def>  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*not"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>mo`nos</grk> alone, single + &?; tone. See <u>Tone</u>.]
<def>Uttered in one unvarying tone; continued with dull uniformity;
characterized by monotony; without change or variety;
wearisome.</def> -- <wf>Mo*not"o*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Mo*not"o*nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mo*not"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>monotonie</i>. See <u>Monotonius</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
frequent recurrence of the same tone or sound, producing a dull
uniformity; absence of variety, as in speaking or singing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any irksome sameness, or want of
variety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At sea, everything that breaks the <i>monotony</i> of
the surrounding expanse attracts attention.</blockquote> <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`o*trem"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>mo`nos</grk> single + &?; hole.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
subclass of Mammalia, having a cloaca in which the ducts of the
urinary, genital, and alimentary systems terminate, as in birds. The
female lays eggs like a bird. See <i>Duck mole</i>, under
<u>Duck</u>, and <u>Echidna</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*trem"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Monotremata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*treme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>monotr&egrave;me</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Monotremata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`o*tri"glyph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
<i>triglyph</i>: cf. F. <i>monotriglyphe</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
kind of intercolumniation in an entablature, in which only one
triglyph and two metopes are introduced.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*not"ro*pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>mo`nos</grk> single + &?; turn, from &?; to turn.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of parasitic or saprophytic plants including the Indian
pipe and pine sap. The name alludes to the dropping end of the
stem.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon"o*type</hw> (?), <hw>Mon`o*typ"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> + <i>-type</i>: cf. F.
<i>monotype</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having but one type; containing
but one representative; as, a <i>monotypic</i> genus, which contains
but one species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nov"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mono-</i> +
L. <i>valens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Valence</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Having a valence of one; univalent. See
<u>Univalent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mon-</i> +
<i>oxide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oxide containing one atom of
oxygen in each molecule; as, barium <i>monoxide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*nox"y*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; made from one piece of wood; <grk>mo`nos</grk> alone +
&?; wood.] <def>A canoe or boat made from one piece of
timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*nox"y*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Monoxylon</u>.] <def>Made of one piece of wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`o*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>mo`nos</grk> single + <grk>zo^,on</grk> an animal.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Radiolaria; -- called also
<i>Monocyttaria</i>.</def> -- <wf>Mon`o*zo"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mon*roe" doc"trine</hw>. <def>See under
<u>Doctrine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`sei`gneur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Messeigneurs</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. <i>mon</i> my +
<i>seigneur</i> lord, L. <i>senior</i> older. See <u>Senior</u>, and
cf. <u>Monsieur</u>.] <def>My lord; -- a title in France of a person
of high birth or rank; as, <i>Monseigneur</i> the Prince, or
<i>Monseigneur</i> the Archibishop. It was given, specifically, to
the dauphin, before the Revolution of 1789. (Abbrev. Mgr.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"sel's salt`</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A basic sulphate
of iron; -- so named from <i>Monsel</i>, a Frenchman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"sel's so*lu"tion</hw> (?). [See <u>Monsel's salt</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An aqueous solution of Monsel's salt, having
valuable styptic properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon*sieur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Messieurs</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. <i>mon</i> my +
<i>Sieur</i>, abbrev. of <i>seigneur</i> lord. See
<u>Monseigneur</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The common title of
civility in France in speaking to, or of, a man; Mr. or Sir.</def>
[Represented by the abbreviation M. or Mons. in the singular, and by
<plw><b>MM.</b></plw> or <plw><b>Messrs.</b></plw> in the
plural.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The oldest brother of the king of
France.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A Frenchman.</def> [Contemptuous]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`si*gno"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Monsignors</b></plw> (#). [It., my lord.  Cf.
<u>Monseigneur</u>.] <def>My lord; -- an ecclesiastical dignity
bestowed by the pope, entitling the bearer to social and domestic
rank at the papal court. (Abbrev. Mgr.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*soon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>m&umacr;sim</i>, fr. Ar. <i>mausim</i> a time, season: cf. F.
<i>monson</i>, <i>mousson</i>, Sr. <i>monzon</i>, Pg.
<i>mon&ccedil;&atilde;o</i>, It. <i>monsone</i>.] <def>A wind blowing
part of the year from one direction, alternating with a wind from the
opposite direction; -- a term applied particularly to periodical
winds of the Indian Ocean, which blow from the southwest from the
latter part of May to the middle of September, and from the northeast
from about the middle of October to the middle of December.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Mon"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>monstre</i>,
F. <i>monstre</i>, fr. L. <i>monstrum</i>, orig., a divine omen,
indicating misfortune; akin of <i>monstrare</i> to show, point out,
indicate, and <i>monere</i> to warn. See <u>Monition</u>, and cf.
<u>Demonstrate</u>, <u>Muster</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something
of unnatural size, shape, or quality; a prodigy; an enormity; a
marvel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>monster</i> or marvel.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically , an animal or plant
departing greatly from the usual type, as by having too many
limbs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any thing or person of unnatural or
excessive ugliness, deformity, wickedness, or cruelty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ster</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Monstrous in
size.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ster</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
monstrous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"strance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>monstrantia</i>, fr. L. <i>monstrare</i> to show: cf. OF.
<i>monstrance</i>. See <u>Monster</u>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A
transparent pyx, in which the consecrated host is exposed to
view.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*stra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monstratio</i>.] <def>The act of demonstrating; proof.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A certain <i>monstration</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon*stros"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Monstrosities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>monstruosit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Monstrous</u>.] <def>The state of
being monstrous, or out of the common order of nature; that which is
monstrous; a monster.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>monstrosity</i> never changes the name or affects
the immutability of a species.</blockquote> <i>Adanson (Trans.
).</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"strous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>monstruous</i>, F. <i>monstrueux</i>, fr. L. <i>monstruosus</i>,
fr. <i>monstrum</i>. See <u>Monster</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Marvelous; strange.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the qualities of a monster;
deviating greatly from the natural form or character; abnormal; as, a
<i>monstrous</i> birth.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He, therefore, that refuses to do good to them whom he
is bound to love . . . is unnatural and <i>monstrous</i> in his
affections.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Extraordinary in a way to excite wonder,
dislike, apprehension, etc.; -- said of size, appearance, color,
sound, etc.; as, a <i>monstrous</i> height; a <i>monstrous</i> ox; a
<i>monstrous</i> story.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Extraordinary on account of ugliness,
viciousness, or wickedness; hateful; horrible; dreadful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So bad a death argues a <i>monstrous</i>
life.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in monsters.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where thou, perhaps, under the whelming tide<BR>
Visitest the bottom of the <i>monstrous</i> world.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"strous</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Exceedingly;
very; very much.</def> "A <i>monstrous</i> thick oil on the top."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And will be <i>monstrous</i> witty on the
poor.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"strous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a monstrous
manner; unnaturally; extraordinarily; as, <i>monstrously</i>
wicked.</def> "Who with his wife is <i>monstrously</i> in love."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"strous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being monstrous, unusual, extraordinary.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon`stru*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Monstrosity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"stru*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Monstrous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Mount</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Mountain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"taigne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mountain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mon*tan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>montanus</i>,
fr. <i>mons</i>, <i>montis</i>, mountain. See <u>Mount</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Of or pertaining to mountains; consisting
of mountains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ta*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of Mintanus, a Phrygian enthusiast of the
second century, who claimed that the Holy Spirit, the Paraclete,
dwelt in him, and employed him as an instrument for purifying and
guiding men in the Christian life.</def> -- <wf>Mon`ta*nis"tic</wf>
(#), <wf>Mon`ta*nis"tic*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mon"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,prop., mounting,
fr. <i>monter</i> to mount, fr. L. <i>mons</i>, <i>montis</i>,
mountain. See <u>Mount</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fencing)</i>
<def>An upward thrust or blow.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An upright piece in any
framework; a mullion or muntin; a stile.</def> [R.] See
<u>Stile</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Mont" de pi`&eacute;`t&eacute;"</hw> (?). [F., fr. It.
<i>monte di piet&agrave;</i> mount of piety.] <def>One of certain
public pawnbroking establishments which originated in Italy in the
15th century, the object of which was to lend money at a low rate of
interest to poor people in need; -- called also <i>mount of
piety</i>. The institution has been adopted in other countries, as in
Spain and France. See <u>Lombard-house</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 942 !></p>

<p><hw>||Mon"te</hw> (m&obreve;n"t&asl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.,
lit., mountain, hence, the stock of cards remaining after laying out
a certain number, fr. L. <i>mons</i>, <i>montis</i>, mountain.]
<def>A favorite gambling game among Spaniards, played with dice or
cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Monte`-ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>monter</i>
to raise + <i>acide</i> acid.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An acid elevator,
as a tube through which acid is forced to some height in a sulphuric
acid manufactory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*teith"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Monteth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"tem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ad montem</i> to
the hillock. See <u>Mount</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A custom,
formerly practiced by the scholars at Eton school, England, of going
every third year, on Whittuesday, to a hillock near the Bath road,
and exacting money from all passers-by, to support at the university
the senior scholar of the school.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*te"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>montera</i> a
hunting cap, fr. <i>montero</i> a huntsman, <i>monte</i> a mountain,
forest, L. <i>mons</i>, <i>montis</i>, mountain. See <u>Mount</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>An ancient kind of cap worn by horsemen or
huntsmen.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon*teth"</hw> (?), <hw>Mon*teith"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel in which glasses are washed; -- so
called from the name of the inventor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>New things produce new words, and thus
<i>Monteth</i><BR>
Has by one vessel saved his name from death.</blockquote>
<i>King.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mont`gol"fier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A balloon
which ascends by the buoyancy of air heated by a fire; a fire
balloon; -- so called from two brothers, Stephen and Joseph
<i>Montgolfier</i>, of France, who first constructed and sent up a
fire balloon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Month</hw> (m&ubreve;nth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>month</i>, <i>moneth</i>, AS. <i>m&omacr;n&eth;</i>,
<i>m&omacr;na&eth;</i>; akin to <i>m&omacr;na</i> moon, and to D.
<i>maand</i> month, G. <i>monat</i>, OHG. <i>m&amacr;n&omacr;d</i>,
Icel. <i>m&amacr;nu&eth;r</i>, <i>m&amacr;na&eth;r</i>, Goth.
<i>m&emacr;n&omacr;&thorn;s</i>. &radic;272.  See <u>Moon</u>.]
<def>One of the twelve portions into which the year is divided; the
twelfth part of a year, corresponding nearly to the length of a
synodic revolution of the moon, -- whence the name. In popular use, a
period of four weeks is often called a <i>month</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the common law, a <i>month</i> is a lunar month, or
twenty-eight days, unless otherwise expressed. <i>Blackstone.</i> In
the United States the rule of the common law is generally changed,
and a <i>month</i> is declared to mean a calendar month. <i>Cooley's
Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A month mind</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A strong
or abnormal desire</cd>. [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A celebration made in remembrance of a deceased person a month
after death.</cd> <i>Strype.</i> -- <col><b>Calendar
months</b></col>, <cd>the months as adjusted in the common or
Gregorian calendar; April, June, September, and November, containing
30 days, and the rest 31, except February, which, in common years,
has 28, and in leap years 29.</cd> -- <col><b>Lunar month</b></col>,
<cd>the period of one revolution of the moon, particularly a
synodical revolution; but several kinds are distinguished, as the
<i>synodical month</i>, or period from one new moon to the next, in
mean length 29 d. 12 h. 44 m. 2.87 s.; the <i>nodical month</i>, or
time of revolution from one node to the same again, in length 27 d. 5
h. 5 m. 36 s.; the <i>sidereal</i>, or time of revolution from a star
to the same again, equal to 27 d. 7 h. 43 m. 11.5 s.; the
<i>anomalistic</i>, or time of revolution from perigee to perigee
again, in length 27 d. 13 h. 18 m. 37.4 s.; and the <i>tropical</i>,
or time of passing from any point of the ecliptic to the same again,
equal to 27 d. 7 h. 43 m. 4.7 s.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar
month</b></col>, <cd>the time in which the sun passes through one
sign of the zodiac, in mean length 30 d. 10 h. 29 m. 4.1 s.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Month"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is a
month old, or which lives for a month.</def> [R.]
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Month"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Continued a month, or a performed in a month; as, the
<i>monthly</i> revolution of the moon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done, happening, payable, published, etc.,
once a month, or every month; as, a <i>monthly</i> visit;
<i>monthly</i> charges; a <i>monthly</i> installment; a
<i>monthly</i> magazine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Monthly nurse</b></col>, <cd>a nurse who serves for a
month or some short time, esp. one which attends women after
childbirth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Month"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Monthlies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A publication which appears
regularly once a month.</def></p>

<p><hw>Month"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Once a month; in every month; as, the moon changes
<i>monthly</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As if under the influence of the moon; in
the manner of a lunatic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Middleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ti*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monticulus</i>, dim. of <i>mons</i>, <i>montis</i>, mountain: cf.
F. <i>monticule</i>. See <u>Mount</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
little mount; a hillock; a small elevation or prominence.</def>
[Written also <i>monticule</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mon*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished
with monticles or little elevations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ti*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Monticle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*tic"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Monticulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mons</i>,
<i>montis</i>, mountain + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Resembling a mountain
in form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*tig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>montigena</i>; <i>mons</i>, <i>montis</i>, mountain + the root of
<i>gignere</i> to beget.] <def>Produced on a mountain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon`toir"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>monter</i> to mount. See <u>Montant</u>.] <def>A stone used in
mounting a horse; a horse block.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>A heap of ore; a mass undergoing the process of
amalgamation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*tross"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Matross</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mon"true</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>monter</i>
to mount. See <u>Montoir</u>.] <def>That on which anything is
mounted; a setting; hence, a saddle horse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"u*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>monumentum</i>, fr. <i>monere</i> to remind, admonish. See
<u>Monition</u>, and cf. <u>Moniment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something which stands, or remains, to keep in remembrance what
is past; a memorial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of ancient British art<BR>
A pleasing <i>monument</i>.</blockquote> <i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our bruised arms hung up for
<i>monuments</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A building, pillar, stone, or the like,
erected to preserve the remembrance of a person, event, action, etc.;
as, the Washington <i>monument</i>; the Bunker Hill <i>monument</i>.
Also, a tomb, with memorial inscriptions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On your family's old <i>monument</i><BR>
Hang mournful epitaphs, and do all rites<BR>
That appertain unto a burial.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stone or other permanent object, serving
to indicate a limit or to mark a boundary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A saying, deed, or example, worthy of
record.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Acts and <i>Monuments</i> of these latter and perilous
days.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Memorial; remembrance; tomb; cenotaph.</p>

<p><hw>Mon`u*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>monumentalis</i>: cf. F. <i>monumental</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or suitable for, a monument; as, a
<i>monumental</i> inscription.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Serving as a monument; memorial;
preserving memory.</def> "Of pine, or <i>monumental</i> oak."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A work outlasting <i>monumental</i>
brass.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon`u*men"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>By way of memorial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By means of monuments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*u"re*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mon-</i> +
<i>ureid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of complex
nitrogenous substances regarded as derived from one molecule of urea;
as, alloxan is a <i>monureid</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>monureide</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Moo</hw> (m&omacr;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <pos><i>adv., &
n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Mo</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moo</hw> (m&oomac;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mooed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mooing</u>.] [Of imitative origin.] <def>To make the noise of a
cow; to low; -- a child's word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moo</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lowing of a
cow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mood</hw> (m&oomac;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same word as
<i>mode</i>, perh. influenced by <i>mood</i> temper. See
<u>Mode</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Manner; style; mode; logical
form; musical style; manner of action or being. See <u>Mode</u> which
is the preferable form).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Manner of conceiving and
expressing action or being, as positive, possible, hypothetical,
etc., without regard to other accidents, such as time, person,
number, etc.; as, the indicative <i>mood</i>; the infinitive
<i>mood</i>; the subjunctive <i>mood</i>. Same as
<u>Mode</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mood</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mood</i>, <i>mod</i>,
AS. <i>m&omacr;d</i>mind, feeling, heart, courage; akin to OS. &
OFries. <i>m&omacr;d</i>, D. <i>moed</i>, OHG. <i>muot</i>, G.
<i>muth</i>, <i>mut</i>, courage, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>mod</i>, Icel.
<i>m&omacr;&eth;r</i> wrath, Goth. <i>m&omacr;ds</i>.] <def>Temper of
mind; temporary state of the mind in regard to passion or feeling;
humor; as, a melancholy <i>mood</i>; a suppliant
<i>mood</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till at the last aslaked was his
<i>mood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fortune is merry,<BR>
And in this <i>mood</i> will give us anything.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The desperate recklessness of her
<i>mood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moo"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mother.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mood"i*ly</hw> (m&oomac;d"&ibreve;*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a moody manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mood"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being moody; specifically, liability to strange or violent
moods.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Moo"dir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>mud&imacr;r</i>.] <def>The governor of a province in Egypt,
etc.</def> [Written also <i>mudir</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mood"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moody.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mood"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Moodily.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mood"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Moodier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Moodiest</u>.] [AS. <i>m&omacr;dig</i>
courageous.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Subject to varying moods,
especially to states of mind which are unamiable or
depressed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Out of humor; peevish; angry;
fretful; also, abstracted and pensive; sad; gloomy; melancholy.</def>
"Every peevish, <i>moody</i> malcontent."  <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Arouse thee from thy <i>moody</i> dream!</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gloomy; pensive; sad; fretful; capricious.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Moo"lah</hw> (?), <hw>Mool"lah</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Mollah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mool"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mulley</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon</hw> (m&oomac;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mone</i>,
AS. <i>m&omacr;na</i>; akin to D. <i>maan</i>, OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>m&amacr;no</i>, G. <i>mond</i>, Icel. <i>m&amacr;ni</i>, Dan.
<i>maane</i>, Sw. <i>m&aring;ne</i>, Goth. <i>m&emacr;na</i>, Lith.
<i>men&uring;</i>, L. <i>mensis</i> month, Gr. <grk>mh`nh</grk> moon,
<grk>mh`n</grk> month, Skr. <i>m&amacr;s</i> moon, month; prob. from
a root meaning to measure (cf. Skr. <i>m&amacr;</i> to measure), from
its serving to measure the time. &radic;271.  Cf. <u>Mete</u> to
measure, <u>Menses</u>, <u>Monday</u>, <u>Month</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The celestial orb which revolves round the
earth; the satellite of the earth; a secondary planet, whose light,
borrowed from the sun, is reflected to the earth, and serves to
dispel the darkness of night. The diameter of the moon is 2,160
miles, its mean distance from the earth is 240,000 miles, and its
mass is one eightieth that of the earth. See <i>Lunar month</i>,
under <u>Month</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The crescent <i>moon</i>, the diadem of
night.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A secondary planet, or satellite,
revolving about any member of the solar system; as, the <i>moons</i>
of Jupiter or Saturn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The time occupied by the moon in making
one revolution in her orbit; a month.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A crescentlike outwork. See
<u>Half-moon</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Moon blindness</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Far.)</i> <cd>A kind of ophthalmia liable to recur at intervals
of three or four weeks</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i>
<cd>Hemeralopia.</cd> -- <col><b>Moon dial</b></col>, <cd>a dial used
to indicate time by moonlight.</cd> -- <col><b>Moon face</b></col>,
<cd>a round face like a full moon.</cd> -- <col><b>Moon
madness</b></col>, <cd>lunacy.</cd> [Poetic] -- <col><b>Moon
month</b></col>, <cd>a lunar month.</cd> -- <col><b>Moon
trefoil</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrubby species of medic
(<i>Medicago arborea</i>). See <u>Medic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Moon
year</b></col>, <cd>a lunar year, consisting of lunar months, being
sometimes twelve and sometimes thirteen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Moon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mooned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mooning</u>.] <def>To expose to the rays of the moon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If they have it to be exceeding white indeed, they
seethe it yet once more, after it hath been thus sunned and
<i>mooned</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moon</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act if moonstruck;
to wander or gaze about in an abstracted manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Elsley was <i>mooning</i> down the river by
himself.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moon"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ray of light
from the moon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dim-sighted;
purblind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"blink`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A temporary
blindness, or impairment of sight, said to be caused by sleeping in
the moonlight; -- sometimes called <i>nyctalopia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"calf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A monster; a false conception; a mass of fleshy matter,
generated in the uterus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dolt; a stupid fellow.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moon"-cul"mi*na`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Culminating, or coming to the meredian, at or about the same
time with the moon; -- said of a star or stars, esp. of certain stars
selected beforehand, and named in an ephemeris (as the Nautical
Almanac), as suitable to be observed in connection with the moon at
culmination, for determining terrestrial longitude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mooned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or resembling
the moon; symbolized by the moon.</def> "Sharpening in <i>mooned</i>
horns." "<i>Mooned</i> Ashtaroth."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moon"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
abstractedly wanders or gazes about, as if moonstruck.</def> [R.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moon"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Conduct of one
who moons.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Moon"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
moon.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moon"-eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A eye affected by the moon; also, a disease in the eye of a
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any species of American fresh-water fishes of the genus
<i>Hyodon</i>, esp. <i>H. tergisus</i> of the Great Lakes and
adjacent waters.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cisco.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having eyes
affected by the moon; moonblind; dim-eyed; purblind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
round, full face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An American marine fish (<i>Vomer
setipennis</i>); -- called also <i>bluntnosed shiner</i>,
<i>horsefish</i>, and <i>sunfish</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A broad, thin, silvery marine fish (<i>Selene vomer</i>); --
called also <i>lookdown</i>, and <i>silver moonfish</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The mola. See <u>Sunfish</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The oxeye daisy; -- called also <i>moon
daisy</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind of morning glory
(<i>Ipom&oelig;a Bona-nox</i>) with large white flowers opening at
night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Mung</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"glade`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bright
reflection of the moon's light on an expanse of water.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Moo"nie</hw> (m&oomac;"n&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European goldcrest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"ish</hw> (m&oomac;n"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like the moon; variable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being but a <i>moonish</i> youth.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moon"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without a moon
or moonlight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon`light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The light of
the moon.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Occurring during or by
moonlight; characterized by moonlight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A simpleton; a
lunatic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Moon"lit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Illumined by the
moon.</def> "The <i>moonlit</i> sea." <i>Moore.</i> "<i>Moonlit</i>
dells." <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moon"rak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Moonsail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"rise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rising of
the moon above the horizon; also, the time of its rising.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"sail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A sail sometimes carried in light winds, above a skysail.</def>
<i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moon"seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
climbing plant of the genus <i>Menispermum</i>; -- so called from the
crescentlike form of the seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The descent of
the moon below the horizon; also, the time when the moon
sets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Moon"shee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>munish&imacr;</i>, fr. Ar. <i>munish&imacr;</i> a writer, author,
secretary, tutor.] <def>A Mohammedan professor or teacher of
language.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Moon"shine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The light of the moon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, show without substance or
reality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A month.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A preparation of eggs for food.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Moon"shine`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moonlight.</def>
[R.]  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moon"shin`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
engaged in illicit distilling; -- so called because the work is
largely done at night.</def> [Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Moon"shin`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Moonlight.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I went to see them in a <i>moonshiny</i>
night.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moon"stone`</hw> (-st&omacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A nearly pellucid variety of feldspar, showing
pearly or opaline reflections from within. It is used as a gem. The
best specimens come from Ceylon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"strick`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Moonstruck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"struck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Mentally affected or deranged by the supposed influence of the
moon; lunatic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Produced by the supposed influence of the
moon.</def> "<i>Moonstruck</i> madness."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Made sick by the supposed influence of the
moon, as a human being; made unsuitable for food, as fishes, by such
supposed influence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The herb lunary or honesty. See
<u>Honesty</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any fern of the genus
<i>Botrychium</i>, esp. <i>B. Lunaria</i>; -- so named from the
crescent-shaped segments of its frond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the moon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Soft and pale as the <i>moony</i> beam.</blockquote>
<i>J. R. Drake.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Furnished with a moon; bearing a
crescent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But soon the miscreant <i>moony</i> host<BR>
Before the victor cross shall fly.</blockquote> <i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Silly; weakly sentimental.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moor</hw> (m&oomac;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>More</i>,
<i>Maure</i>, L. <i>Maurus</i> a Moor, a Mauritanian, an inhabitant
of Mauritania, Gr. <grk>May^ros</grk>; cf. <grk>may^ros</grk> black,
dark.  Cf. <u>Morris</u> a dance, <u>Morocco</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of a mixed race inhabiting Morocco, Algeria, Tunis, and
Tripoli, chiefly along the coast and in towns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hist.)</i> <def>Any individual of the
swarthy races of Africa or Asia which have adopted the Mohammedan
religion.</def> "In Spanish history the terms <i>Moors</i>, Saracens,
and Arabs are synonymous."  <i>Internat. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mor</i>, AS.
<i>m&omacr;r</i> moor, morass; akin to D. <i>moer</i> moor, G.
<i>moor</i>, and prob. to Goth. <i>marei</i> sea, E. <i>mere</i>. See
<u>Mere</u> a lake.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An extensive waste
covered with patches of heath, and having a poor, light soil, but
sometimes marshy, and abounding in peat; a heath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In her girlish age she kept sheep on the
<i>moor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A game preserve consisting of
moorland.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Moor buzzard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the marsh
harrier.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Moor coal</b></col>
<i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a friable variety of lignite.</cd> --
<col><b>Moor cock</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the male of the
moor fowl or red grouse of Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Moor
coot</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Gallinule</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Moor fowl</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The European ptarmigan, or red grouse (<i>Lagopus
Scoticus</i>)</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The European heath
grouse. See under <u>Heath</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Moor game</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Moor fowl</i> (above).</cd> --
<col><b>Moor grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tufted perennial
grass (<i>Sesleria c&aelig;rulea</i>), found in mountain pastures of
Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Moor hawk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the marsh harrier.</cd> -- <col><b>Moor hen</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The female of the moor
fowl</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A gallinule, esp. the European
species. See <u>Gallinule</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>An
Australian rail (<i>Tribonyx ventralis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Moor
monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the black macaque of Borneo
(<i>Macacus maurus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Moor titling</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European stonechat (<i>Pratinocola
rubicola</i>).</cd></p>

<p><! p. 943 !></p>

<p><hw>Moor</hw> (m&oomac;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Moored</u> (m&oomac;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mooring</u>.] [Prob. fr. D. <i>marren</i> to tie,
fasten, or moor a ship. See <u>Mar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To fix or secure, as a vessel, in a particular
place by casting anchor, or by fastening with cables or chains; as,
the vessel was <i>moored</i> in the stream; they <i>moored</i> the
boat to the wharf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To secure, or fix firmly.</def>
<i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moor</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cast anchor; to
become fast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On oozy ground his galleys <i>moor</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moor"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place for
mooring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moor"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
fresh-water alga (<i>Cladophora &AElig;gagropila</i>) which forms a
globular mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moor"band`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Moorpan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moor"ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female Moor; a
Moorish woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moor"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of confining a ship to a particular place, by means of
anchors or fastenings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which serves to confine a ship to a
place, as anchors, cables, bridles, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The place or condition of a
ship thus confined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the tossed bark in <i>moorings</i>
swings.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mooring block</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a heavy block
of cast iron sometimes used as an anchor for mooring
vessels.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Moor"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 2d <u>Moor</u>.]
<def>Having the characteristics of a moor or heath.</def>
"<i>Moorish</i> fens."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moor"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Moor</u>, and
cf. <u>Morris</u>, <u>Moresque</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Morocco
or the Moors; in the style of the Moors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Moorish architecture</b></col>, <cd>the style developed by
the Moors in the later Middle Ages, esp. in Spain, in which the arch
had the form of a horseshoe, and the ornamentation admitted no
representation of animal life. It has many points of resemblance to
the Arabian and Persian styles, but should be distinguished from
them. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Moresque</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Moor"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&omacr;rland</i>.] <def>Land consisting of a moor or
moors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moor"pan`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>Hard pan</i>,
under <u>Hard</u>.] <def>A clayey layer or pan underlying some moors,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moor"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A species of
English granite, used as a building stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Moo"ruk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of cassowary (<i>Casuarius
Bennetti</i>) found in New Britain, and noted for its agility in
running and leaping. It is smaller and has stouter legs than the
common cassowary. Its crest is bilobed; the neck and breast are
black; the back, rufous mixed with black; and the naked skin of the
neck, blue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moor"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
moors; marshy; fenny; boggy; moorish.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As when thick mists arise from <i>moory</i>
vales.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moor"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of blue cloth
made in India.</def>  <i>Balfour (Cyc of India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Moose</hw> (m&oomac;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A native name;
Knisteneaux <i>mouswah</i>; Algonquin <i>monse</i>.
<i>Mackenzie</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large cervine mammal
(<i>Alces machlis</i>, or <i>A. Americanus</i>), native of the
Northern United States and Canada.  The adult male is about as large
as a horse, and has very large, palmate antlers.  It closely
resembles the European elk, and by many zo&ouml;logists is considered
the same species. See <u>Elk</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Moose bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Canada
jayor whisky jack. See <u>Whisky jack</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Moose
deer</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Moose</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Moose
yard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a locality where moose, in
winter, herd together in a forest to feed and for mutual
protection.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Moose"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The striped maple <i>(Acer
Pennsylvanicum)</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Leatherwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moot</hw> (m&omacr;t), <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Mot</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moot</hw> (m&oomac;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A ring for gauging wooden pins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mooted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mooting</u>.] [OE. <i>moten</i>, <i>motien</i>, AS.
<i>m&omacr;tan</i> to meet or assemble for conversation, to discuss,
dispute, fr. <i>m&omacr;t</i>, <i>gem&omacr;t</i>, a meeting, an
assembly; akin to Icel. <i>m&omacr;t</i>, MHG. <i>muoz</i>.  Cf.
<u>Meet</u> to come together.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To argue for
and against; to debate; to discuss; to propose for
discussion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A problem which hardly has been mentioned, much less
<i>mooted</i>, in this country.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: To discuss by way of
exercise; to argue for practice; to propound and discuss in a mock
court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>First a case is appointed to be <i>mooted</i> by
certain young men, containing some doubtful controversy.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To argue or plead
in a supposed case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a difference between <i>mooting</i> and
pleading; between fencing and fighting.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>m&omacr;t</i>,
<i>gem&omacr;t</i>, a meeting; -- usually in comp.] [Written also
<i>mote</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A meeting for discussion and
deliberation; esp., a meeting of the people of a village or district,
in Anglo-Saxon times, for the discussion and settlement of matters of
common interest; -- usually in composition; as, folk-
<i>moot</i>.</def>  <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [From <u>Moot</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A
discussion or debate; especially, a discussion of fictitious causes
by way of practice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pleading used in courts and chancery called
<i>moots</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Moot case</b></col>, <cd>a case or question to be mooted;
a disputable case; an unsettled question.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i> --
<col><b>Moot court</b></col>, <cd>a mock court, such as is held by
students of law for practicing the conduct of law cases.</cd> --
<col><b>Moot point</b></col>, <cd>a point or question to be debated;
a doubtful question.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Moot</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subject, or open, to
argument or discussion; undecided; debatable; mooted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moot"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being mooted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moot"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A disputer of a
mooted case.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Moot"-hall`</hw> (?), <hw>Moot"-house`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>m&omacr;th&?;s</i>.] <def>A hall for
public meetings; a hall of judgment.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>moot-
hall</i> of Herod."  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moot"-hill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>A hill of meeting or council; an elevated place in the
open air where public assemblies or courts were held by the Saxons; -
- called, in Scotland, <i>mute-hill</i>.</def>  <i>J. R.
Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moot"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mootmen</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>One who
argued moot cases in the inns of court.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mope</u>.] <def>A
made-up face; a grimace.</def> "What <i>mops</i> and mowes it makes!"
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a wry
mouth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. W. <i>mop</i>,
<i>mopa</i>, Ir. <i>moipal</i>, Gael. <i>moibeal</i>, <i>moibean</i>;
or OF. <i>mappe</i> a napkin (see <u>Map</u>, <u>Napkin</u>).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An implement for washing floors, or the like,
made of a piece of cloth, or a collection of thrums, or coarse yarn,
fastened to a handle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fair where servants are hired.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The young of any animal; also, a young
girl; a moppet.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mop head</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The end of a
mop, to which the thrums or rags are fastened</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A clamp for holding the thrums or rags of a
mop.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mopping</u>.] <def>To rub or wipe with a mop, or as with a mop;
as, to <i>mop</i> a floor; to <i>mop</i> one's face with a
handkerchief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mop"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i>
<def>A narrow board nailed against the wall of a room next to the
floor; skirting board; baseboard. See <u>Baseboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mope</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Moped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Moping</u>.] [Cf. D. <i>moppen</i> to pout, Prov. G. <i>muffen</i>
to sulk.] <def>To be dull and spiritless.</def> "<i>Moping</i>
melancholy."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sickly part of one true sense<BR>
Could not so <i>mope</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make spiritless and
stupid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mope</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dull, spiritless
person.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mope"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shortsighted;
purblind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mope"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mopish.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mop"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dull; spiritless;
dejected.</def> -- <wf>Mop"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mop"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mop"lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malayalam
<i>m&amacr;pplia</i>.] <def>One of a class of Mohammedans in
Malabar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mop"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 3d <u>Mop</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rag baby; a puppet made of cloth; hence,
also, in fondness, a little girl, or a woman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A long-haired pet
dog.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mop"sey</hw>, <hw>Mop"sy</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A moppet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slatternly, untidy woman.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mop"si*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shortsighted;
mope-eyed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mop"stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The long handle
of a mop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"pus</hw> (m&omacr;"p&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mope; a drone.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*quette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A kind
of carpet having a short velvety pile.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mor"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A game of
guessing the number of fingers extended in a quick movement of the
hand, -- much played by Italians of the lower classes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
leguminous tree of Guiana and Trinidad (<i>Dimorphandra excelsa</i>);
also, its timber, used in shipbuilding and making
furniture.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo"ra</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Rom. &amp; Civil
Law)</i> <def>Delay; esp., culpable delay; postponement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*raine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf. Prov. G.
<i>mur</i> stones broken off, It. <i>mora</i> a heap of stones,
hillock, G. <i>m&uuml;rbe</i> soft, broken up, OHG. <i>muruwi</i>,
AS. <i>mearu</i> tender, Gr. &?; to cause to wither, Skr.
<i>ml&amacr;</i> to relax.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An accumulation of
earth and stones carried forward and deposited by a glacier.</def>
<i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p>&fist; If the moraine is at the extremity of the glacier it is a
<i>terminal moraine</i>; if at the side, a <i>lateral moraine</i>; if
parallel to the side on the central portion of the glacier, a
<i>medial moraine</i>.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Glacier</u>.  In the
last case it is formed by the union of the lateral moraines of the
branches of the glacier.  A <i>ground moraine</i> is one beneath the
mass of ice.</p>

<p><hw>Mo*rain"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a moranie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>moralis</i>, fr. <i>mos</i>, <i>moris</i>, manner, custom, habit,
way of life, conduct.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to duty or
obligation; pertaining to those intentions and actions of which right
and wrong, virtue and vice, are predicated, or to the rules by which
such intentions and actions ought to be directed; relating to the
practice, manners, or conduct of men as social beings in relation to
each other, as respects right and wrong, so far as they are properly
subject to rules.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep at the least within the compass of <i>moral</i>
actions, which have in them vice or virtue.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mankind is broken loose from <i>moral</i>
bands.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She had wandered without rule or guidance in a
<i>moral</i> wilderness.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conformed to accepted rules of right;
acting in conformity with such rules; virtuous; just; as, a
<i>moral</i> man. Used sometimes in distinction from
<i>religious</i>; as, a <i>moral</i> rather than a religious
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wiser and more <i>moral</i> part of
mankind.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Capable of right and wrong action or of
being governed by a sense of right; subject to the law of
duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>moral</i> agent is a being capable of those
actions that have a <i>moral</i> quality, and which can properly be
denominated good or evil in a <i>moral</i> sense.</blockquote> <i>J.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Acting upon or through one's moral nature
or sense of right, or suited to act in such a manner; as, a
<i>moral</i> arguments; <i>moral</i> considerations. Sometimes
opposed to <i>material</i> and <i>physical</i>; as, <i>moral</i>
pressure or support.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Supported by reason or probability;
practically sufficient; -- opposed to <i>legal</i> or
<i>demonstrable</i>; as, a <i>moral</i> evidence; a <i>moral</i>
certainty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Serving to teach or convey a moral; as, a
<i>moral</i> lesson; <i>moral</i> tales.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Moral agent</b></col>, <cd>a being who is capable of
acting with reference to right and wrong.</cd> -- <col><b>Moral
certainty</b></col>, <cd>a very high degree or probability, although
not demonstrable as a certainty; a probability of so high a degree
that it can be confidently acted upon in the affairs of life; as,
there is a <i>moral certainty</i> of his guilt.</cd> -- <col><b>Moral
insanity</b></col>, <cd>insanity, so called, of the moral system;
badness alleged to be irresponsible.</cd> -- <col><b>Moral
philosophy</b></col>, <cd>the science of duty; the science which
treats of the nature and condition of man as a moral being, of the
duties which result from his moral relations, and the reasons on
which they are founded.</cd> -- <col><b>Moral play</b></col>, <cd>an
allegorical play; a morality.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Moral
sense</b></col>, <cd>the power of moral judgment and feeling; the
capacity to perceive what is right or wrong in moral conduct, and to
approve or disapprove, independently of education or the knowledge of
any positive rule or law.</cd> -- <col><b>Moral theology</b></col>,
<cd>theology applied to morals; practical theology;
casuistry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mor"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The doctrine or practice of the duties of life; manner of living
as regards right and wrong; conduct; behavior; -- usually in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Corrupt in their <i>morals</i> as vice could make
them.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The inner meaning or significance of a
fable, a narrative, an occurrence, an experience, etc.; the practical
lesson which anything is designed or fitted to teach; the doctrine
meant to be inculcated by a fiction; a maxim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus may we gather honey from the weed,<BR>
And make a <i>moral</i> of the devil himself.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To point a <i>moral</i>, or adorn a tale.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We protest against the principle that the world of
pure comedy is one into which no <i>moral</i> enters.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A morality play. See <u>Morality</u>,
5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"al</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To moralize.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mo`rale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Moral</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The moral condition, or the
condition in other respects, so far as it is affected by, or
dependent upon, moral considerations, such as zeal, spirit, hope, and
confidence; mental state, as of a body of men, an army, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"al*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
moralizer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maxim or
saying embodying a moral truth.</def>  <i>Farrar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>moraliste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who moralizes; one who
teaches or animadverts upon the duties of life; a writer of essays
intended to correct vice and inculcate moral duties.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who practices moral duties; a person
who lives in conformity with moral rules; one of correct deportment
and dealings with his fellow-creatures; -- sometimes used in
contradistinction to one whose life is controlled by religious
motives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The love (in the <i>moralist</i> of virtue, but in the
Christian) of God himself.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Moralities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>moralitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>moralit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The relation of
conformity or nonconformity to the moral standard or rule; quality of
an intention, a character, an action, a principle, or a sentiment,
when tried by the standard of right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>morality</i> of an action is founded in the
freedom of that principle, by virtue of which it is in the agent's
power, having all things ready and requisite to the performance of an
action, either to perform or not perform it.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of an action which renders it
good; the conformity of an act to the accepted standard of
right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of <i>moralitee</i> he was the flower.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am bold to think that <i>morality</i> is capable of
demonstration.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The doctrines or rules of moral duties, or
the duties of men in their social character; ethics.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The end of <i>morality</i> is to procure the
affections to obey reason, and not to invade it.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The system of <i>morality</i> to be gathered out of .
. . ancient sages falls very short of that delivered in the
gospel.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The practice of the moral duties;
rectitude of life; conformity to the standard of right; virtue; as,
we often admire the politeness of men whose <i>morality</i> we
question.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A kind of allegorical play, so termed
because it consisted of discourses in praise of morality between
actors representing such characters as Charity, Faith, Death, Vice,
etc. Such plays were occasionally exhibited as late as the reign of
Henry VIII.</def>  <i>Strutt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Intent; meaning; moral.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Taketh the <i>morality</i> thereof, good
men.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor`al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>moralisation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of moralizing;
moral reflections or discourse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Explanation in a moral sense.</def>  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 944 !></p>

<p><hw>Mor"al*ize</hw> (m&obreve;r"<i>a</i>l*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Moralized</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Moralizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>moraliser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To apply to a moral
purpose; to explain in a moral sense; to draw a moral from.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This fable is <i>moralized</i> in a common
proverb.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Did he not <i>moralize</i> this
spectacle?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with moral lessons, teachings,
or examples; to lend a moral to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While chastening thoughts of sweetest use,
bestowed<BR>
By Wisdom, <i>moralize</i> his pensive road.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To render moral; to correct the morals
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It had a large share in <i>moralizing</i> the poor
white people of the country.</blockquote> <i>D. Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give a moral quality to; to affect the
moral quality of, either for better or worse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good and bad stars <i>moralize</i> not our
actions.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
moral reflections; to regard acts and events as involving a
moral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"al*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
moralizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a moral or ethical sense; according to the rules of
morality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By good, good <i>morally</i> so called, "bonum
honestum" ought chiefly to be understood.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to moral rules;
virtuously.</def> "To live <i>morally</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In moral qualities; in disposition and
character; as, one who physically and <i>morally</i> endures
hardships.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In a manner calculated to serve as the
basis of action; according to the usual course of things and human
judgment; according to reason and probability.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>morally</i> impossible for an hypocrite to
keep himself long upon his guard.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*rass"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>marras</i>,
<i>mareis</i> (perh. through D. <i>moeras</i>), fr. F. <i>marais</i>,
prob. from L. <i>mare</i> sea, in LL., any body of water; but perh.
influenced by some German word. See <u>Mere</u> a lake, and cf.
<u>Marsh</u>.] <def>A tract of soft, wet ground; a marsh; a
fen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Morass ore</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See <i>Bog
ore</i>, under <u>Bog</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>mo*rass"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marshy;
fenny.</def> [R.]  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of moric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>moratio</i>.]
<def>A delaying tarrying; delay.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ra"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Moravia, or to the United Brethren. See
<u>Moravian</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ra"vi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of a religious sect called the United Brethren (an offshoot
of the Hussites in Bohemia), which formed a separate church of
Moravia, a northern district of Austria, about the middle of the 15th
century. After being nearly extirpated by persecution, the society,
under the name of The Renewed Church of the United Brethren, was
re&euml;stablished in 1722-35 on the estates of Count Zinzendorf in
Saxony. Called also <i>Herrnhuter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ra"vi*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
religious system of the Moravians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"ay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A mur&aelig;na.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"bid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>morbidus</i>,
fr. <i>morbus</i> disease; prob. akin to <i>mori</i> to die: cf. F.
<i>morbide</i>, It. <i>morbido</i>. See <u>Mortal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not sound and healthful; induced by a
diseased or abnormal condition; diseased; sickly; as, <i>morbid</i>
humors; a <i>morbid</i> constitution; a <i>morbid</i> state of the
juices of a plant.</def> "Her sick and <i>morbid</i> heart."
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to disease or diseased
parts; as, <i>morbid</i> anatomy.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diseased; sickly; sick.  -- <u>Morbid</u>,
<u>Diseased</u>. <i>Morbid</i> is sometimes used interchangeably with
<i>diseased</i>, but is commonly applied, in a somewhat technical
sense, to cases of a prolonged nature; as, a <i>morbid</i> condition
of the nervous system; a <i>morbid</i> sensibility, etc.</p>

<p><hw>||Mor`bi*dez"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., softness,
delicacy. See <u>Morbid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<def>Delicacy or softness in the representation of flesh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A term used as a direction
in execution, signifying, with extreme delicacy.</def>
<i>Ludden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor*bid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being morbid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Morbid quality; disease; sickness.</def>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Amount of disease; sick rate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"bid*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a morbid
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"bid*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being morbid; morbidity.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mor*bif"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mor*bif"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>morbus</i> disease + <i>-ficare</i> (in
comp.) to make: cf. F. <i>morbifique</i>. See <u>-fy</u>.]
<def>Causing disease; generating a sickly state; as, a
<i>morbific</i> matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor*bil"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>morbilli</i> measles, dim. of L. <i>morbus</i> disease: cf. F.
<i>morbilleux</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the measles; partaking of the
nature of measels, or resembling the eruptions of that disease;
measly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor*bose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>morbosus</i>,
fr. <i>morbus</i> disease.] <def>Proceeding from disease; morbid;
unhealthy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Morbose</i> tumors and excrescences of
plants.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor*bos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>morbositas</i>.] <def>A diseased state; unhealthiness.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mor`ceau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A bit; a
morsel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor*da"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mordax</i>,
<i>-acis</i>, fr. <i>mordere</i>, <i>morsum</i>, to bite. See
<u>Morsel</u>.] <def>Biting; given to biting; hence, figuratively,
sarcastic; severe; scathing.</def> -- <wf>Mor*da"cious*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mor*dac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mordacitas</i>: cf. F. <i>mordacit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Mordacious</u>.] <def>The quality of being mordacious; biting
severity, or sarcastic quality.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"dant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. pr. of
<i>mordere</i> to bite; L. <i>mordere</i>. See <u>Morsel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Biting; caustic; sarcastic; keen;
severe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Dyeing &amp; Calico Printing)</i> <def>Serving
to fix colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"dant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., originally, biting.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any corroding substance used in
etching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Dyeing &amp; Calico Printing)</i> <def>Any
substance, as alum or copperas, which, having a twofold attraction
for organic fibers and coloring matter, serves as a bond of union,
and thus gives fixity to, or <i>bites in</i>, the dyes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gilding)</i> <def>Any sticky matter by
which the gold leaf is made to adhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"dant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mordanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mordanting</u>.] <def>To subject to the action of, or imbue with,
a mordant; as, to <i>mordant</i> goods for dyeing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"dant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of
a mordant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mor*den"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An embellishment resembling a trill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"di*can*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A biting
quality; corrosiveness.</def> [R.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"di*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mordicans</i>, p. pr. of <i>mordicare</i> to bite, fr.
<i>mordere</i>: cf. F. <i>mordicant</i>.] <def>Biting; acrid; as, the
<i>mordicant</i> quality of a body.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mordicatio</i>.] <def>The act of biting or corroding;
corrosion.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"di*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mordicativus</i>.] <def>Biting; corrosive.</def> [R.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>More</hw> (m&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&omacr;r</i>. See <u>Moor</u> a waste.] <def>A hill.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>More</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>more</i>, <i>moru</i>;
akin to G. <i>m&ouml;hre</i> carrot, OHG. <i>moraha</i>,
<i>morha</i>.] <def>A root.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>More</hw>, <pos><i>a., compar.</i></pos> [<i>Positive
wanting</i>; <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Most</u> (m&omacr;st).]
[OE. <i>more</i>, <i>mare</i>, and (orig. neut. and adv.) <i>mo</i>,
<i>ma</i>, AS. <i>m&amacr;ra</i>, and (as neut. and adv.)
<i>m&amacr;</i>; akin to D. <i>meer</i>, OS. <i>m&emacr;r</i>, G.
<i>mehr</i>, OHG. <i>m&emacr;ro</i>, <i>m&emacr;r</i>, Icel.
<i>meiri</i>, <i>meirr</i>, Dan. <i>meere</i>, <i>meer</i>, Sw.
<i>mera</i>, <i>mer</i>, Goth. <i>maiza</i>, a., <i>mais</i>, adv.,
and perh. to L. <i>major</i> greater, compar. of <i>magnus</i> great,
and <i>magis</i>, adv., more. &radic;103.  Cf. <u>Most</u>,
<u>uch</u>, <u>Major</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Greater; superior;
increased</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Greater in quality,
amount, degree, quality, and the like; with the singular.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gat <i>more</i> money.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If we procure not to ourselves <i>more</i>
woe.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>More</i>, in this sense, was formerly used in connection
with some other qualifying word, -- <i>a</i>, <i>the</i>,
<i>this</i>, <i>their</i>, etc., -- which now requires the
substitution of <i>greater</i>, <i>further</i>, or the like, for
<i>more</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Whilst sisters nine, which dwell on Parnasse
height,<BR>
Do make them music for their <i>more</i> delight.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>more</i> part knew not wherefore they were come
together.</blockquote> <i>Acts xix. 32.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wrong not that wrong with a <i>more</i>
contempt.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Greater in number; exceeding in numbers;
-- with the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people of the children of Israel are <i>more</i>
and mighter than we.</blockquote> <i>Ex. i. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Additional; other; as, he wept because
there were no <i>more</i> worlds to conquer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With open arms received one poet
<i>more</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>More</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
greater quantity, amount, or number; that which exceeds or surpasses
in any way what it is compared with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the children of Israel did so, and gathered, some
<i>more</i>, some less.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xvi. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is in addition; something other
and further; an additional or greater amount.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that would have <i>more</i> and <i>more</i> can
never have enough.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O! That pang where <i>more</i> than madness
lies.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Any more</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Anything or
something additional or further; as, I do not need <i>any
more</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Adverbially: Further; beyond a
certain time; as, do not think <i>any more</i> about it.</cd> --
<col><b>No more</b></col>, <cd>not anything more; nothing in
addition.</cd> -- <col><b>The more and less</b></col>, <cd>the high
and low.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> "All cried, both <i>less and
more</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>More</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a
greater quantity; in or to a greater extent or degree.</def>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>With a verb or participle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Admiring <i>more</i><BR>
The riches of Heaven's pavement.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>With an adjective or adverb (instead of
the suffix <i>-er</i>) to form the comparative degree; as,
<i>more</i> durable; <i>more</i> active; <i>more</i>
sweetly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Happy here, and <i>more</i> happy
hereafter.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Double comparatives were common among writers of the
Elizabeth period, and for some time later; as, <i>more</i> brighter;
<i>more</i> dearer.</p>

<p><blockquote>The duke of Milan<BR>
And his <i>more</i> braver daughter.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In addition; further; besides;
again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet once <i>more</i>, O ye laurels, and once
<i>more</i>,<BR>
Ye myrtles brown, with ivy never sere,<BR>
I come to pluck your berries harsh and crude.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>More and more</b></col>, <cd>with continual increase.</cd>
"Amon trespassed <i>more and more</i>." <i>2 Chron. xxxiii. 23.</i> -
- <col><b>The more</b></col>, <cd>to a greater degree; by an added
quantity; for a reason already specified.</cd> -- <col><b>The more --
the more</b></col>, <cd>by how much more -- by so much more.</cd>
"<i>The more</i> he praised it in himself, <i>the more</i> he seems
to suspect that in very deed it was not in him." <i>Milton.</i> --
<col><b>To be no more</b></col>, <cd>to have ceased to be; as,
Cassius <i>is no more</i>; Troy <i>is no more</i>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Those oracles which set the world in flames,<BR>
Nor ceased to burn till kingdoms were <i>no more</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>More</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make more; to
increase.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*reen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Mohair</u>.]
<def>A thick woolen fabric, watered or with embossed figures; -- used
in upholstery, for curtains, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Moril</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An edible fungus (<i>Morchella esculenta</i>), the
upper part of which is covered with a reticulated and pitted
hymenium. It is used as food, and for flavoring sauces.</def>
[Written also <i>moril</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mor"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Morelle</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Nightshade; -- so called from
its blackish purple berries.</def> [Written also <i>morelle</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cherry. See
<u>Morello</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Great morel</b></col>, <cd>the deadly nightshade.</cd> --
<col><b>Petty morel</b></col>, <cd>the black nightshade. See
<u>Nightshade</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>More"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Moorland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*relle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., orig. fem. of
<i>moreau</i> black, OF. <i>morel</i>, fr. LL. <i>morellus</i>.  Cf.
<u>Morello</u>, <u>Murrey</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Nightshade. See 2d
<u>Morel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*rel"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>morello</i> blackish, OF. <i>morel</i>.  Cf. <u>Morelle</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of nearly black cherry with dark red flesh
and juice, -- used chiefly for preserving.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*ren"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Dying; a gradual decrescendo at the end of a
strain or cadence.</def></p>

<p><hw>More"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Greatness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>More*o"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>More</i> +
<i>over</i>.] <def>Beyond what has been said; further; besides; in
addition; furthermore; also; likewise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Moreover</i>, he hath left you all his
walks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Besides</u>, <u>Moreover</u>.  Of the two words,
<i>moreover</i> is the stronger and is properly used in solemn
discourse, or when what is added is important to be considered. See
<u>Besides</u>.</p>

<p><hw>More"pork`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from its
cry.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Australian crested goatsucker
(<i>&AElig;gotheles Nov&aelig;-Hollandi&aelig;</i>). Also applied to
other allied birds, as <i>Podargus Cuveiri</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*resk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Moresque.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo*resque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>moresco</i>, or Sp. <i>morisco</i>. See <u>Morris</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to, or in the manner or style of, the Moors;
Moorish.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Moresque style of
architecture or decoration. See <i>Moorish architecture</i>, under
<u>Moorish</u>.</def> [Written also <i>mauresque</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mor`ga*nat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>matrimonium ad morganaticam</i>, fr. <i>morganatica</i> a morning
gift, a kind of dowry paid on the morning before or after the
marriage, fr. OHG. <i>morgan</i> morning, in <i>morgangeba</i>
morning gift, G. <i>morgengabe</i>. See <u>Morn</u>.] <def>Pertaining
to, in the manner of, or designating, a kind of marriage, called also
<i>left-handed marriage</i>, between a man of superior rank and a
woman of inferior, in which it is stipulated that neither the latter
nor her children shall enjoy the rank or inherit the possessions of
her husband.</def> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <wf>Mor`ga*nat"ic*al*ly</wf>
(#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mor"gay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>morgi</i>
dogfish, shark; <i>mor</i> sea + <i>ci</i> dog.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European small-spotted dogfish, or houndfish. See the Note
under <u>Houndfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"glay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Claymore</u>.]
<def>A sword.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Morgue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A place where
the bodies of persons found dead are exposed, that they may be
identified, or claimed by their friends; a deadhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
folly.] <def>Idiocy; imbecility; fatuity; foolishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>A Moor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In vain the Turks and <i>Morians</i> armed
be.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"i*bund</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>moribundus</i>, from <i>moriri</i> to die. See <u>Mortal</u>.]
<def>In a dying state; dying; at the point of death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The patient was comatose and
<i>moribund</i>.</blockquote> <i>Copland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"i*bund</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dying
person.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
derived from, fustic (see <u>Morin</u>); as, <i>moric</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Morisco</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*rig"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>morigeratus</i>, p. p. of <i>morigerari</i> to comply with. See
<u>Morigerous</u>.] <def>Obedient.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo*rig`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>morigeratio</i>.] <def>Obsequiousness; obedience.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*rig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>morigerus</i>; <i>mos</i>, <i>moris</i>, custom, manner +
<i>gerere</i> to bear, conduct.] <def>Obedient; obsequious.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Brathwait.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>morille</i>; cf.
OHG. <i>morhila</i>, G. <i>morchel</i>, OHG. <i>morha</i> carrot. See
<u>More</u> a root.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An edible fungus. Same as 1st
<u>Morel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
yellow crystalline substance of acid properties extracted from fustic
(<i>Maclura tinctoria</i>, formerly called <i>Morus tinctoria</i>); -
- called also <i>moric acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*rin"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of rubiaceous trees and shrubs, mostly East Indian, many
species of which yield valuable red and yellow dyes. The wood is hard
and beautiful, and used for gunstocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*rin"din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A yellow dyestuff extracted from the root bark of an East Indian
plant (<i>Morinda citrifolia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"i*nel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>morinelle</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dotterel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*rin"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malayam
<i>murunggi</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees of Southern
India and Northern Africa. One species (<i>Moringa pterygosperma</i>)
is the horse-radish tree, and its seeds, as well as those of <i>M.
aptera</i>, are known in commerce as <i>ben</i> or <i>ben nuts</i>,
and yield the oil called <i>oil of ben</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*rin"gic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Designating an organic acid obtained from oil of ben. See
<u>Moringa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo`rin*tan"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Morus</i> fustic + E. <i>tannic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, a variety of tannic acid
extracted from fustic (<i>Maclura, formerly Morus, tinctoria</i>) as
a yellow crystalline substance; -- called also
<i>maclurin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>morion</i>, Sp.
<i>morrion</i>; cf. Sp. <i>morra</i> the upper part of the head,
<i>morro</i> anything that is round.] <def>A kind of open helmet,
without visor or beaver, and somewhat resembling a hat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A battered <i>morion</i> on his brow.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ri*on</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
dark variety of smoky quartz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ri*o*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; piece
(dim. of &?; a part + <i>-plasty</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The
restoration of lost parts of the body.</def></p>

<p><! p. 945 !></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ris"co</hw> (m&osl;*r&ibreve;s"k&osl;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Sp. See <u>Morris</u> the dance.]
<def>Moresque.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ris"co</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>morisco</i>
Moorish.] <def>A thing of Moorish origin;</def> as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The Moorish language.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A Moorish dance, now called <i>morris
dance</i>.</def> <i>Marston</i>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One who
dances the Moorish dance.</def> <i>Shak</i>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>Moresque decoration or architecture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"risk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Morisco</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to Sw.
<i>murken</i> putrefied, Icel. <i>morkinn</i> putrid.] <def>A beast
that has died of disease or by mischance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Moorland.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mor"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>mort</i>
dead, L. <i>mortuus</i>, fr. <i>moriri</i> to die.]
<def>Mortling.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mort-mai</i> a
deadly evil. <i>Nares</i>.] <def>A bad sore; a gangrene; a
cancer.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>morrimal</i> and
<i>mortmal</i>.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>mormw`</grk> a
hideous she-monster, a bugbear.] <def>A bugbear; false terror.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Jonhson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mor"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>mormw`n</grk> monster, bugbear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of sea birds, having a large, thick
bill; the puffin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
mandrill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One
of a sect in the United States, followers of Joseph Smith, who
professed to have found an addition to the Bible, engraved on golden
plates, called the <i>Book of Mormon</i>, first published in 1830.
The Mormons believe in polygamy, and their hierarchy of apostles,
etc., has control of civil and religious matters.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Mormons call their religious organization The Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Its head claims to receive
revelations of God's will, and to have certain supernatural
powers.</p>

<p><hw>Mor"mon</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Mormons; as, the <i>Mormon</i> religion; <i>Mormon</i>
practices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"mon*dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The country
inhabited by the Mormons; the Mormon people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"mon*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine,
system, and practices of the Mormons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"mon*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Mormon.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mormon.</def>
"<i>Mormonite</i> religion."  <i>F. W. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Morn</hw> (m&ocirc;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>morwen</i>, <i>morgen</i>, AS. <i>morgen</i>; akin to D.
<i>morgen</i>, OS. <i>morgan</i>, G. <i>morgen</i>, Icel.
<i>morginn</i>, <i>morgunn</i>, Sw. <i>morgon</i>, Dan.
<i>morgen</i>, Goth. <i>ma&uacute;rgins</i>.  Cf. <u>Morrow</u>,
<u>Morning</u>.] <def>The first part of the day; the morning; -- used
chiefly in poetry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>morn</i><BR>
To noon he fell, from noon to dewy eve.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"ne</hw> (m&ocirc;r"n<i>e</i>), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to the morn; morning.</def> [Obs.] "White as
<i>morne</i> milk."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Morne</hw> (m&ocirc;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>morne</i> sad, sorrowful. See <u>Mourn</u>.] <def>A ring fitted
upon the head of a lance to prevent wounding an adversary in
tilting.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mor`n&eacute;"</hw> (m&ocirc;r`n&asl;"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>morne</i> a morne.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Without teeth, tongue, or claws; -- said of a lion represented
heraldically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Morn"ing</hw> (m&ocirc;rn"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>morning</i>, <i>morwening</i>. See <u>Morn</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The first or early part of the day, variously
understood as the earliest hours of light, the time near sunrise; the
time from midnight to noon, from rising to noon, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The first or early part; as, the
<i>morning</i> of life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The goddess Aurora.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Morn"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
first part or early part of the day; being in the early part of the
day; as, <i>morning</i> dew; <i>morning</i> light; <i>morning</i>
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She looks as clear<BR>
As <i>morning</i> roses newly washed with dew.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Morning gown</b></col>, <cd>a gown worn in the morning
before one is dressed for the day.</cd> -- <col><b>Morning
gun</b></col>, <cd>a gun fired at the first stroke of reveille at
military posts.</cd> -- <col><b>Morning sickness</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>nausea and vomiting, usually occurring in the
morning; -- a common sign of pregnancy.</cd> -- <col><b>Morning
star</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of the planets
(Venus, Jupiter, Mars, or Saturn) when it precedes the sun in rising,
esp. Venus.  Cf. <i>Evening star</i>, <u>Evening</u>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Satan. See <u>Lucifer</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Since he miscalled the <i>morning star</i>,<BR>
Nor man nor fiend hath fallen so far.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A weapon consisting of a heavy ball set
with spikes, either attached to a staff or suspended from one by a
chain.</cd> -- <col><b>Morning watch</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>the watch between four <u>A. M.</u> and eight <u>A.
M.</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Morn"ing-glo`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A climbing plant (<i>Ipom&oelig;a purpurea</i>) having handsome,
funnel-shaped flowers, usually red, pink, purple, white, or
variegated, sometimes pale blue. See <u>Dextrorsal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Morn"ing*tide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Morning
time.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Morn"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Towards the
morn.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>mornward</i> now the starry hands move
on.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>mora</i>
mulberry, L. <i>morum</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A small abscess or
tumor having a resemblance to a mulberry.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*roc"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Morocco, or its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*roc"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from
<i>Morocco</i>, the country.  Cf. <u>Morris</u> the dance.] <def>A
fine kind of leather, prepared commonly from goatskin (though an
inferior kind is made of sheepskin), and tanned with sumac and dyed
of various colors; -- said to have been first made by the
Moors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*rol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mwrologi`a</grk> foolish talk, <grk>mw^ros</grk> foolish +
<grk>lo`gos</grk> discourse.] <def>Foolish talk; nonsense;
folly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo*rone"</hw> (m&osl;*r&omacr;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Maroon; the color of an unripe black mulberry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo`ro*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>mw^ros</grk> stupid + <grk>sau^ros</grk> lizard.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct genus of large herbivorous
dinosaurs, found in Jurassic strata in America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*rose"</hw> (m&osl;*r&omacr;s"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>morosus</i>, prop., excessively addicted to any particular way or
habit, fr. <i>mos</i>, <i>moris</i>, manner, habit, way of life: cf.
F. <i>morose</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of a sour temper; sullen
and austere; ill-humored; severe.</def> "A <i>morose</i> and affected
taciturnity."  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lascivious; brooding over evil
thoughts.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sullen; gruff; severe; austere; gloomy; crabbed;
crusty; churlish; surly; ill-humored.</p>

<p><hw>Mo*rose"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Sourly; with
sullen austerity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*rose"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sourness of
temper; sulenness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Learn good humor, never to oppose without just reason;
abate some degrees of pride and <i>moroseness</i>.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Moroseness</i> is not precisely <i>peevishness</i> or
<i>fretfulness</i>, though often accompanied with it. It denotes more
of silence and severity, or ill-humor, than the irritability or
irritation which characterizes <i>peevishness</i>.</p>

<p><hw>||Mo*ro"sis</hw> (m&osl;*r&omacr;"s&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>mw`rwsis</grk>, fr.
<grk>mw^ros</grk> silly, foolish.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Idiocy;
fatuity; stupidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ros"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>morositas</i>: cf. F. <i>morosit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Moroseness.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ro*soph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>mo^ros</grk> foolish + <grk>sofo`s</grk> wise.] <def>A
philosophical or learned fool.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo*ro"sous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Morose.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*rox"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;, &?;, a
sort of pipe clay.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of apatite of a
greenish blue color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*rox"y*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A morate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor`ox*yl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>morus</i> a
mulberry tree + Gr. &?; wood.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or derived from, the mulberry; moric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"phe*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to Morpheus, to dreams, or to sleep.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"pheus</hw> (m&ocirc;r"f&umacr;s <i>or</i>
m&ocirc;r"f&esl;*&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>Morfey`s</grk> prop., the fashioner or molder, because of the
shapes he calls up before the sleeper, fr. <grk>morfh`</grk> form,
shape.] <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The god of dreams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"phew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>morphe&eacute;</i>, LL. <i>morphea</i>; cf. It. <i>morfea</i>.]
<def>A scurfy eruption.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"phew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover with a
morphew.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mor"phi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Morphine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"phine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Morpheus: cf.
F. <i>morphine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter white crystalline
alkaloid found in opium, possessing strong narcotic properties, and
much used as an anodyne; -- called also <i>morphia</i>, and
<i>morphina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"phin*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A morbid condition produced by the excessive or prolonged use of
morphine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mor"pho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, an
epithet of Venus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of large, handsome, tropical American butterflies, of the
genus <i>Morpho</i>. They are noted for the very brilliant metallic
luster and bright colors (often blue) of the upper surface of the
wings. The lower surface is usually brown or gray, with eyelike
spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor*phog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>form</i> +
root of &?; to be born.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>History of the evolution
of forms; that part of ontogeny that deals with the germ history of
forms; -- distinguished from <i>physiogeny</i>.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mor`pho*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mor`pho*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>morphologique</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or according to, the principles of
morphology.</def> -- <wf>Mor`pho*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mor*phol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>One who is versed in the science of morphology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor*phol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; form +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>morphologie</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That
branch of biology which deals with the structure of animals and
plants, treating of the forms of organs and describing their
varieties, homologies, and metamorphoses. See <u>Tectology</u>, and
<u>Promorphology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"phon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, p. pr. of
&?; to form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A morphological individual,
characterized by definiteness of form, in distinction from
<i>bion</i>, a physiological individual. See <u>Tectology</u>.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Of morphons there are six orders or categories: 1. Plastids
or elementary organisms. 2. Organs, homoplastic or heteroplastic. 3.
Antimeres (opposite or symmetrical or homotypic parts). 4. Metameres
(successive or homodynamous parts). 5. Person&aelig; (shoots or buds
of plants, individuals in the narrowest sense among the higher
animals). 6. Corms (stocks or colonies). For orders 2, 3, and 4 the
term <i>idorgan</i> has been recently substituted. See
<u>Idorgan</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mor*phon"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; form +
&?; a law.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The laws of organic
formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"pho*phy`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; form +
&?; a clan.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The tribal history of forms; that
part of phylogeny which treats of the tribal history of forms, in
distinction from the tribal history of functions.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mor*pho"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
form, fr. &?; form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The order or mode of
development of an organ or part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor*phot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fit for
forming.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Connected with, or becoming an
integral part of, a living unit or of the morphological framework;
as, <i>morphotic</i>, or tissue, proteids.</def>  <i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>-mor"phous</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; form.] <def>A combining form
denoting <i>form</i>, <i>shape</i>; as, iso<i>morphous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"pi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>mordre</i> to bite + L. <i>pedis</i> louse.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A louse.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"rice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as 1st
<u>Morris</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"rice</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dancing the morrice;
dancing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In shoals and bands, a <i>morrice</i>
train.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"ri*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A morris
dancer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mor"ri*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mormal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>morisco</i>
Moorish, fr. <i>Moro</i> a Moor: cf. F. <i>moresque</i>, It.
<i>moresca</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Moorish dance, usually
performed by a single dancer, who accompanies the dance with
castanets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dance formerly common in England, often
performed in pagenats, processions, and May games. The dancers,
grotesquely dressed and ornamented, took the parts of Robin Hood,
Maidmarian, and other fictitious characters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An old game played with counters, or men,
which are placed at the angles of a figure drawn on a board or on the
ground; also, the board or ground on which the game is
played.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nine-men's <i>morris</i> is filled up with
mud.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The figure consists of three concentric squares, with lines
from the angles of the outer one to those of the inner, and from the
middle of each side of the outer square to that of the inner. The
game is played by two persons with nine or twelve pieces each (hence
called <i>nine-men's morris</i> or <i>twelve-men's morris</i>). The
pieces are placed alternately, and each player endeavors to prevent
his opponent from making a straight row of three. Should either
succeed in making a row, he may take up one of his opponent's pieces,
and he who takes off all of his opponent's pieces wins the game.</p>

<p><hw>Mor"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
discoverer.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine fish having a very
slender, flat, transparent body. It is now generally believed to be
the young of the conger eel or some allied fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"ris-pike`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Moorish
pike.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mor"rot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Marrot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>morwe</i>,
<i>morwen</i>, AS. <i>morgen</i>. See <u>Morn</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Morning.</def> [Obs.] "White as
<i>morrow's</i> milk."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We loved he by the <i>morwe</i> a sop in
wine.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The next following day; the day subsequent
to any day specified or understood.</def>  <i>Lev. vii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Till this stormy night is gone,<BR>
And the eternal <i>morrow</i> dawn.</blockquote> <i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The day following the present; to-
morrow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Good morrow</b></col>, <cd>good morning; -- a form of
salutation.</cd> -- <col><b>To morrow</b></col>. <cd>See <u>To-
morrow</u> in the Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Morse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>morse</i>, Russ.
<i>morj'</i>; perh. akin to E. <i>mere</i> lake; cf. Russ.
<i>more</i> sea.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The walrus. See
<u>Walrus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Morse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>morsus</i> a biting, a
clasp, fr. <i>mordere</i> to bite.] <def>A clasp for fastening
garments in front.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Morse" al"pha*bet</hw> (?). <def>A telegraphic alphabet in
very general use, inventing by Samuel F.B.Morse, the inventor of
Morse's telegraph. The letters are represented by dots and dashes
impressed or printed on paper, as, .- (A), - . . . (B), -.. (D), .
(E), .. (O), . . . (R), -- (T), etc., or by sounds, flashes of light,
etc., with greater or less intervals between them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>morsel</i>, F.
<i>morceau</i>, LL. <i>morsellus</i>, a dim. fr. L. <i>morsus</i> a
biting, bite, fr. <i>mordere</i> to bite; prob. akin to E.
<i>smart</i>. See <u>Smart</u>, and cf. <u>Morceau</u>,
<u>Mordant</u>, <u>Muse</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Muzzle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little bite or bit of
food.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>morsel</i> to a satisfied hunger is only a
new labor to a tired digestion.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small quantity; a little piece; a
fragment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"sing horn`</hw> (?). <def>A horn or flask for holding
powder, as for priming.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor`si*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
biting or gnawing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mor"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>mordere</i>, <i>morsum</i>, to bite.] <def>The act of
biting.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>margt</i>,
neut. of <i>margr</i> many.] <def>A great quantity or number.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There was a <i>mort</i> of merrymaking.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mort</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etym. uncert.] <def>A woman;
a female.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><blockquote>Male gypsies all, not a <i>mort</i> among
them.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mort</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A salmon in its third year.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mort</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., death, fr. L.
<i>mors</i>, <i>mortis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Death; esp., the
death of game in the chase.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A note or series of notes sounded on a
horn at the death of game.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sportsman then sounded a treble
<i>mort</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The skin of a sheep or lamb that has died
of disease.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Mort cloth</b></col>, <cd>the pall spread over a coffin;
black cloth indicative or mourning; funeral hangings.</cd>
<i>Carlyle.</i> -- <col><b>Mort stone</b></col>, <cd>a large stone by
the wayside on which the bearers rest a coffin.</cd> [Eng.] <i>H.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>mortel</i>, L.
<i>mortalis</i>, from <i>mors</i>, <i>mortis</i>, death, fr.
<i>moriri</i> 8die; akin to E. <i>murder</i>. See <u>Murder</u>, and
cf. <u>Filemot</u>, <u>Mere</u> a lake, <u>Mortgage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Subject to death; destined to die; as, man is
<i>mortal</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destructive to life; causing or
occasioning death; terminating life; exposing to or deserving death;
deadly; as, a <i>mortal</i> wound; a <i>mortal</i> sin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fatally vulnerable; vital.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Last of all, against himself he turns his sword, but
missing the <i>mortal</i> place, with his poniard finishes the
work.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the time of
death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Safe in the hand of one disposing Power,<BR>
Or in the natal or the <i>mortal</i> hour.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Affecting as if with power to kill;
deathly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nymph grew pale, and in a <i>mortal</i>
fright.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Human; belonging to man, who is mortal;
as, <i>mortal</i> wit or knowledge; <i>mortal</i> power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The voice of God<BR>
To <i>mortal</i> ear is dreadful.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Very painful or tedious; wearisome; as, a
sermon lasting two <i>mortal</i> hours.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mortal foe</b></col>, <col><b>Mortal enemy</b></col>,
<cd>an inveterate, desperate, or implacable enemy; a foe bent on
one's destruction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mor"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A being subject to
death; a human being; man.</def> "Warn poor <i>mortals</i> left
behind."  <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mortalitas</i>: cf. F. <i>mortalit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or quality of being mortal;
subjection to death or to the necessity of dying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When I saw her die,<BR>
I then did think on your <i>mortality</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><! p. 946 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Human life; the life of a mortal
being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From this instant<BR>
There 's nothing serious in <i>mortality</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Those who are, or that which is, mortal;
the human race; humanity; human nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take these tears, <i>mortality's</i>
relief.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Death; destruction.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The whole sum or number of deaths in a
given time or a given community; also, the proportion of deaths to
population, or to a specific number of the population; death rate;
as, a time of great, or low, <i>mortality</i>; the <i>mortality</i>
among the settlers was alarming.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of mortality</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Law of mortality</b></col>, <cd>a
mathematical relation between the numbers living at different ages,
so that from a given large number of persons alive at one age, it can
be computed what number are likely to survive a given number of
years.</cd> -- <col><b>Table of mortality</b></col>, <cd>a table
exhibiting the average relative number of persons who survive, or who
have died, at the end of each year of life, out of a given number
supposed to have been born at the same time.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mor"tal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mortalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mortalizing</u> (?).] <def>To make mortal.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mor"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a mortal manner; so as to cause death; as, <i>mortally</i>
wounded.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the manner of a mortal or of mortal
beings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>mortally</i> brought forth.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In an extreme degree; to the point of
dying or causing death; desperately; as, <i>mortally</i>
jealous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adrian <i>mortally</i> envied poets, painters, and
artificers, in works wherein he had a vein to excel.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"tal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
mortal; mortality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>morter</i>, AS.
<i>mort&emacr;re</i>, L. <i>mortarium</i>: cf. F. <i>mortier</i>
mortar.  Cf. sense 2 (below), also 2d <u>Mortar</u>, <u>Martel</u>,
<u>Morter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A strong vessel, commonly in
form of an inverted bell, in which substances are pounded or rubbed
with a pestle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>mortier</i>, fr. L. <i>mortarium</i>
mortar (for trituarating).] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A short piece of
ordnance, used for throwing bombs, carcasses, shells, etc., at high
angles of elevation, as 45&deg;, and even higher; -- so named from
its resemblance in shape to the utensil above described.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mortar bed</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a framework of
wood and iron, suitably hollowed out to receive the breech and
trunnions of a mortar.</cd> -- <col><b>Mortar boat</b></col> or
<col><b>vessel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a boat strongly built
and adapted to carrying a mortar or mortars for bombarding; a bomb
ketch.</cd> -- <col><b>Mortar piece</b></col>, <cd>a mortar.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"tar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mortier</i>, F.
<i>mortier</i>, L. <i>mortarium</i> mortar, a large basin or trough
in which mortar is made, a mortar (in sense 1, above). See 1st
<u>Mortar</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A building material made by
mixing lime, cement, or plaster of Paris, with sand, water, and
sometimes other materials; -- used in masonry for joining stones,
bricks, etc., also for plastering, and in other ways.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mortar bed</b></col>, <cd>a shallow box or receptacle in
which mortar is mixed.</cd> -- <col><b>Mortar board</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small square board with a handle beneath,
for holding mortar; a hawk</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A cap with a
broad, projecting, square top; -- worn by students in some
colleges.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Mor"tar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To plaster or make
fast with mortar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mortier</i>. See
<u>Mortar</u> a vessel.] <def>A chamber lamp or light.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mort"gage</hw> (m&ocirc;r"g&asl;j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>mort-gage</i>; <i>mort</i> dead (L. <i>mortuus</i>) +
<i>gage</i> pledge. See <u>Mortal</u>, and <u>Gage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A conveyance of property, upon
condition, as security for the payment of a debt or the preformance
of a duty, and to become void upon payment or performance according
to the stipulated terms; also, the written instrument by which the
conveyance is made.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It was called a <i>mortgage</i> (or <i>dead pledge</i>)
because, whatever profit it might yield, it did not thereby redeem
itself, but became lost or <i>dead</i> to the mortgager upon breach
of the condition. But in equity a <i>right of redemption</i> is an
inseparable incident of a mortgage until the mortgager is debarred by
his own laches, or by judicial decree.  <i>Cowell.</i>
<i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State of being pledged; as, lands given in
<i>mortgage</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chattel mortgage</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Chattel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To foreclose a mortgage</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Foreclose</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mortgage
deed</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a deed given by way of
mortgage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mort"gage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mortgaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mortgaging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To grant
or convey, as property, for the security of a debt, or other
engagement, upon a condition that if the debt or engagement shall be
discharged according to the contract, the conveyance shall be void,
otherwise to become absolute, subject, however, to the right of
redemption.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To pledge, either literally or
figuratively; to make subject to a claim or obligation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mortgaging</i> their lives to
covetise.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I myself an <i>mortgaged</i> to thy will.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mort`ga*gee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The person to whom property is mortgaged, or to whom a mortgage
is made or given.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mort"gage*or</hw>, <hw>Mort"ga*gor</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who gives a
mortgage.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The letter <i>e</i> is required analogically after the
second <i>g</i> in order to soften it; but the spelling
<i>mortgagor</i> is in fact the prevailing form. When the word is
contradistinguished from <i>mortgagee</i> it is accented on the last
syllable (-j&ocirc;r").</p>

<p><hw>Mort"ga*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who gives a mortgage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mortifier</i>; <i>mors</i>, <i>mortis</i>, death + <i>ferre</i> to
bring: cf. F. <i>mortif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Bringing or producing
death; deadly; destructive; as, a <i>mortiferous</i> herb.</def>
<i>Gov. of Tongue.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>mortificatio</i> a killing. See <u>Mortify</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of mortifying, or the condition of
being mortified</def>; especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The death of one part of an animal body, while the rest
continues to live; loss of vitality in some part of a living animal;
gangrene.</def> <i>Dunglison.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Alchem. &
Old Chem.)</i> <def>Destruction of active qualities;
neutralization.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Subjection of the passions and appetites, by penance,
abstinence, or painful severities inflicted on the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mortification</i> of our lusts has something in
it that is troublesome, yet nothing that is
unreasonable.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Hence: Deprivation or depression of self-
approval; abatement of pride; humiliation; chagrin;
vexation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We had the <i>mortification</i> to lose sight of
Munich, Augsburg, and Ratisbon.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which mortifies; the cause of
humiliation, chagrin, or vexation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is one of the vexatious <i>mortifications</i> of a
studious man to have his thoughts discovered by a tedious
visit.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A gift to some
charitable or religious institution; -- nearly synonymous with
<i>mortmain</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Chagrin; vexation; shame. See <u>Chagrin</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mor"ti*fied</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Mortify</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"ti*fied*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being mortified; humiliation; subjection of the passions.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mor"ti*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, mortifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mortified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mortifying</u> (?).] [OE. <i>mortifien</i>, F. <i>mortifier</i>,
fr. L. <i>mortificare</i>; L. <i>mors</i>, <i>mortis</i>, death +
<i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>Mortal</u>, and <u>-
fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the organic texture and
vital functions of; to produce gangrene in.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the active powers or essential
qualities of; to change by chemical action.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Quicksilver is <i>mortified</i> with
turpentine.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>mortified</i> pearls in vinegar.</blockquote>
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deaden by religious or other
discipline, as the carnal affections, bodily appetites, or worldly
desires; to bring into subjection; to abase; to humble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With fasting <i>mortified</i>, worn out with
tears.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mortify</i> thy learned lust.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mortify</i>, therefore, your members which are upon
the earth.</blockquote> <i>Col. iii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To affect with vexation, chagrin, or
humiliation; to humble; to depress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The news of the fatal battle of Worcester, which
exceedingly <i>mortified</i> our expectations.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How often is the ambitious man <i>mortified</i> with
the very praises he receives, if they do not rise so high as he
thinks they ought!</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"ti*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To lose vitality and organic structure, as flesh of a living
body; to gangrene.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To practice penance from religious
motives; to deaden desires by religious discipline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This makes him . . . give alms of all that he hath,
watch, fast, and <i>mortify</i>.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be subdued; to decay, as appetites,
desires, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"ti*fy`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending to mortify; affected by, or having
symptoms of, mortification; as, a <i>mortifying</i> wound;
<i>mortifying</i> flesh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subduing the appetites, desires, etc.; as,
<i>mortifying</i> penances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tending to humble or abase; humiliating;
as, a <i>mortifying</i> repulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"ti*fy`ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
mortifying manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"tise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mortaise</i>;
cf. Sp. <i>mortaja</i>, Ar. <i>murtazz</i> fixed, or W.
<i>mortais</i>, Ir. <i>mortis</i>, <i>moirtis</i>, Gael.
<i>moirteis</i>.] <def>A cavity cut into a piece of timber, or other
material, to receive something (as the end of another piece) made to
fit it, and called a <i>tenon</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mortise and tenon</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>made with
a mortise and tenon; joined or united by means of a mortise and
tenon; -- used adjectively.</cd> -- <col><b>Mortise joint</b></col>,
<cd>a joint made by a mortise and tenon.</cd> -- <col><b>Mortise
lock</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Lock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mortise
wheel</b></col>, <cd>a cast-iron wheel, with wooden clogs inserted in
mortises on its face or edge; -- also called <i>mortise gear</i>, and
<i>core gear</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mor"tise</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mortised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mortising</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut or make a mortise
in.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To join or fasten by a tenon and mortise;
as, to <i>mortise</i> a beam into a post, or a joist into a
girder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mort"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Morling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An animal, as a sheep, dead of disease or
privation; a morling.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wool plucked from a dead sheep;
morling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mort"main`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mort</i>,
<i>morte</i>, dead + <i>main</i> hand; F. <i>main-morte</i>. See
<u>Mortal</u>, and <u>Manual</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Possession of
lands or tenements in, or conveyance to, dead hands, or hands that
cannot alienate.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term was originally applied to conveyance of land made
to ecclesiastical bodies; afterward to conveyance made to <i>any</i>
corporate body.  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mort"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mormal</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mort"pay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mort</i> dead
+ E. <i>pay</i>.] <def>Dead pay; the crime of taking pay for the
service of dead soldiers, or for services not actually rendered by
soldiers.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mor"tress</hw> (?), <hw>Mor"trew</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mortar</u>.] <def>A dish of meats and
other ingredients, cooked together; an ollapodrida.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mortuaries</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>mortuarium</i>. See
<u>Mortuary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort
of ecclesiastical heriot, a customary gift claimed by, and due to,
the minister of a parish on the death of a parishioner. It seems to
have been originally a voluntary bequest or donation, intended to
make amends for any failure in the payment of tithes of which the
deceased had been guilty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A burial place; a place for the
dead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place for the reception of the dead
before burial; a deadhouse; a morgue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mortuarius</i>, fr. <i>mortuus</i> dead: cf. F. <i>mortuaire</i>.
See <u>Mortal</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the dead; as,
<i>mortuary</i> monuments.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mortuary urn</b></col>, <cd>an urn for holding the ashes
of the dead.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Mor"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Morul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>morum</i> a
mulberry.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The sphere or globular mass of cells
(<i>blastomeres</i>), formed by the clevage of the ovum or egg in the
first stages of its development; -- called also <i>mulberry mass</i>,
<i>segmentation sphere</i>, and <i>blastosphere</i>. See
<u>Segmentation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The process of cleavage, or segmentation, of the ovum, by which
a morula is formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., mulberry tree.
See <u>Mulberry</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees, some
species of which produce edible fruit; the mulberry. See
<u>Mulberry</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <col><b>Morus alba</b></col> is the white mulberry, a
native of India or China, the leaves of which are extensively used
for feeding silkworms, for which it furnishes the chief food. --
<col><b>Morus multicaulis</b></col>, the many-stemmed or Chinese
mulberry, is only a form of white mulberry, preferred on account of
its more abundant leaves. -- <col><b>Morus nigra</b></col>, the black
mulberry, produces a dark-colored fruit, of an agreeable flavor.</p>

<p><hw>Mor"we</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Morrow</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mor"wen*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Morning.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo*sa"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mosa&iuml;que</i>; cf. Pr. <i>mozaic</i>, <i>musec</i>, Sp. &amp; Pg.
<i>mosaico</i>, It. <i>mosaico</i>, <i>musaico</i>, LGr. &?;, &?;, L.
<i>musivum</i>; all fr. Gr. &?; belonging to the Muses. See
<u>Muse</u> the goddess.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<def>A surface decoration made by inlaying in patterns small pieces
of variously colored glass, stone, or other material; -- called also
<i>mosaic work</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A picture or design made in mosaic; an
article decorated in mosaic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*sa"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the style of work called mosaic; formed by uniting pieces of
different colors; variegated; tessellated; also, composed of various
materials or ingredients.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A very beautiful <i>mosaic</i> pavement.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Florentine mosaic</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Florentine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mosaic gold</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>See <u>Ormolu</u>.</cd>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Stannic sulphide, SnS<sub>2</sub>, obtained as a yellow scaly
crystalline powder, and used as a pigment in bronzing and gilding
wood and metal work. It was called by the alchemists <i>aurum
musivum</i>, or <i>aurum mosaicum</i>.  Called also <i>bronze
powder</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mosaic work</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Mosaic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Mo*sa"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>Moses</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Moses, the leader of the Israelites, or
established through his agency; as, the <i>Mosaic</i> law, rites, or
institutions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*sa"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mosaic (in
either sense).</def> "A <i>mosaical</i> floor."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*sa"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of a mosaic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"sa*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Attachment to
the system or doctrines of Moses; that which is peculiar to the
Mosaic system or doctrines.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mos"a*saur</hw> (?), <hw>Mos`a*sau"ri*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of an extinct order of
reptiles, including Mosasaurus and allied genera. See
<u>Mosasauria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mos`a*sau"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Mosasaurus</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An order of large, extinct,
marine reptiles, found in the Cretaceous rocks, especially in
America. They were serpentlike in form and in having loosely
articulated and dilatable jaws, with large recurved teeth, but they
had paddlelike feet. Some of them were over fifty feet long. They
are, essentially, fossil sea serpents with paddles. Called also
<i>Pythonomarpha</i>, and <i>Mosasauria</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mos`a*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>Mosa</i> the River Meuse (on which Meastricht is situated) + Gr.
&?; a lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of extinct marine
reptiles allied to the lizards, but having the body much elongated,
and the limbs in the form of paddles. The first known species, nearly
fifty feet in length, was discovered in Cretaceous beds near
Maestricht, in the Netherlands.</def> [Written also
<i>Mososaurus</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mos"cha*tel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; musk: cf.
F. <i>moscatelline</i>. See <u>Muscadel</u>, <u>Musk</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus <i>Adoxa</i> (<i>A.
moschatellina</i>), the flowers of which are pale green, and have a
faint musky smell. It is found in woods in all parts of Europe, and
is called also <i>hollow root</i> and <i>musk crowfoot</i>.</def>
<i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mos"chine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to <i>Moschus</i>, a genus including the musk deer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mos"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Muzzle</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*selle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light wine,
usually white, produced in the vicinity of the river
Moselle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ses</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large flatboat,
used in the West Indies for taking freight from shore to
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mosk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mosque</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mos"lem</hw> (m&obreve;z"l&ebreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Moslems</b></plw> (-l&ebreve;mz), <i>or
collectively</i> <plw><b>Moslem</b></plw>. [Ar. <i>muslim</i> a true
believer in the Mohammedan faith, fr. <i>salama</i> to submit to God,
to resign one's self to the divine will.  Cf. <u>Islam</u>,
<u>Mussulman</u>.] <def>A Mussulman; an orthodox Mohammedan.</def>
[Written also <i>muslim</i>.] "Heaps of slaughtered <i>Moslem</i>."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They piled the ground with <i>Moslem</i>
slain.</blockquote> <i>Halleck.</i></p>

<p><! p. 947 !></p>

<p><hw>Mos"lem</hw> (m&obreve;z"l&ebreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Mohammedans; Mohammedan; as,
<i>Moslem</i> lands; the <i>Moslem</i> faith.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mos"lings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Thin shreds
of leather shaved off in dressing skins.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mos`o*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Mosasaurus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mosque</hw> (m&obreve;sk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mosqu&eacute;e</i>, Sp. <i>mezquita</i>, Ar. <i>masjid</i>, from
<i>sajada</i> to bend, adore.] <def>A Mohammedan church or place of
religious worship.</def> [Written also <i>mosk</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mos*qui"to</hw> (m&obreve;s*k&emacr;*t&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Mosquitoes</b></plw> (#).
[Sp. <i>mosquito</i>, fr. <i>mosca</i>fly, L. <i>musca</i>.  Cf.
<u>Musket</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of various species
of gnats of the genus <i>Culex</i> and allied genera. The females
have a proboscis containing, within the sheathlike labium, six fine,
sharp, needlelike organs with which they puncture the skin of man and
animals to suck the blood. These bites, when numerous, cause, in many
persons, considerable irritation and swelling, with some pain. The
larv&aelig; and pup&aelig;, called <i>wigglers</i>, are
aquatic.</def> [Written also <i>musquito</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Mosquito bar</b></col>, <col><b>Mosquito net</b></col>,
<cd>a net or curtain for excluding mosquitoes, -- used for beds and
windows.</cd> -- <col><b>Mosquito fleet</b></col>, <cd>a fleet of
small vessels.</cd> -- <col><b>Mosquito hawk</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a dragon fly; -- so called because it
captures and feeds upon mosquitoes.</cd> -- <col><b>Mosquito
netting</b></col>, <cd>a loosely-woven gauzelike fabric for making
mosquito bars.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Moss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mos</i>; akin to
AS. <i>me&oacute;s</i>, D. <i>mos</i>, G. <i>moos</i>, OHG.
<i>mos</i>, <i>mios</i>, Icel. <i>mosi</i>, Dan. <i>mos</i>, Sw.
<i>mossa</i>, Russ. <i>mokh'</i>, L. <i>muscus</i>.  Cf.
<u>Muscoid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cryptogamous
plant of a cellular structure, with distinct stem and simple leaves.
The fruit is a small capsule usually opening by an apical lid, and so
discharging the spores. There are many species, collectively termed
<i>Musci</i>, growing on the earth, on rocks, and trunks of trees,
etc., and a few in running water.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>moss</i> is also popularly applied to many
other small cryptogamic plants, particularly <i>lichens</i>, species
of which are called <i>tree moss</i>, <i>rock moss</i>, <i>coral
moss</i>, etc. <i>Fir moss</i> and <i>club moss</i> are of the genus
<i>Lycopodium</i>. See <i>Club moss</i>, under <u>Club</u>, and
<u>Lycopodium</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bog; a morass; a place containing peat;
as, the <i>mosses</i> of the Scottish border.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Moss</i> is used with participles in the composition of
words which need no special explanation; as, <i>moss</i>-capped,
<i>moss</i>-clad, <i>moss</i>-covered, <i>moss</i>-grown, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Black moss</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Black</u>, and
<u>Tillandsia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bog moss</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Sphagnum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Feather moss</b></col>, <cd>any moss
branched in a feathery manner, esp. several species of the genus
<i>Hypnum</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Florida moss</b></col>, <col><b>Long
moss</b></col>, or <col><b>Spanish moss</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Tillandsia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Iceland moss</b></col>, <cd>a
lichen. See <u>Iceland Moss</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Irish
moss</b></col>, <cd>a seaweed. See <u>Carrageen</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Moss agate</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of agate,
containing brown, black, or green mosslike or dendritic markings, due
in part to oxide of manganese. Called also <i>Mocha stone</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Moss animal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
bryozoan.</cd> -- <col><b>Moss berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
small cranberry (<i>Vaccinium Oxycoccus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Moss
campion</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of mosslike catchfly
(<i>Silene acaulis</i>), with mostly purplish flowers, found on the
highest mountains of Europe and America, and within the Arctic
circle.</cd> -- <col><b>Moss land</b></col>, <cd>land produced
accumulation of aquatic plants, forming peat bogs of more or less
consistency, as the water is grained off or retained in its
pores.</cd> -- <col><b>Moss pink</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant
of the genus <i>Phlox</i> (<i>P. subulata</i>), growing in patches on
dry rocky hills in the Middle United States, and often cultivated for
its handsome flowers.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Moss
rose</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a variety of rose having a mosslike
growth on the stalk and calyx. It is said to be derived from the
Provence rose.</cd> -- <col><b>Moss rush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a rush of the genus <i>Juncus</i> (<i>J. squarrosus</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Scale moss</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Hepatica</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Moss</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mossed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mossing</u>.] <def>To cover or overgrow with moss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An oak whose boughs were <i>mossed</i> with
age.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moss"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A veteran
partisan; one who is so conservative in opinion that he may be
likened to a stone or old tree covered with moss.</def> [Political
Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Moss"bank`er</hw> (?), <hw>Moss"bunk`er</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The menhaded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moss"-grown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overgrown
with moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moss"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being mossy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moss"troop`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Moss</i> +
<i>trooper</i>.] <def>One of a class of marauders or bandits that
formerly infested the border country between England and Scotland; --
so called in allusion to the <i>mossy</i> or boggy character of much
of the border country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moss"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Mossier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Mossiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Overgrown with moss; abounding with or edged with moss; as,
<i>mossy</i> trees; <i>mossy</i> streams.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old trees are more <i>mossy</i> far than
young.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling moss; as, <i>mossy</i>
green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Most</hw> (m&omacr;st), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of <u>More</u>. [OE. <i>most</i>,
<i>mast</i>, <i>mest</i>, AS. <i>m&aemacr;st</i>; akin to D.
<i>meest</i>, OS. <i>m&emacr;st</i>, G. <i>meist</i>, Icel.
<i>mestr</i>, Goth. <i>maists</i>; a superl. corresponding to E.
<i>more</i>. &radic;103. See <u>More</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of the greatest number or
quantity; greater in number or quantity than all the rest; nearly
all.</def> "<i>Most</i> men will proclaim every one his own
goodness."  <i>Prov. xx. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The cities wherein <i>most</i> of his mighty works
were done.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xi. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Greatest in degree; as, he has the
<i>most</i> need of it.</def> "In the <i>moste</i> pride."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Highest in rank; greatest.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Most</i> is used as a noun, the words <i>part</i>,
<i>portion</i>, <i>quantity</i>, etc., being omitted, and has the
following meanings: <b>1.</b> The greatest value, number, or part;
preponderating portion; highest or chief part. <b>2.</b> The utmost;
greatest possible amount, degree, or result; especially in the
phrases <i>to make the most of</i>, <i>at the most</i>, <i>at
most</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>A quarter of a year or some months <i>at the
most</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A covetous man <i>makes the most of</i> what he
has.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>For the most part</b></col>, <cd>in reference to the
larger part of a thing, or to the majority of the persons, instances,
or things referred to; as, human beings, <i>for the most part</i>,
are superstitious; the view, <i>for the most part</i>, was
pleasing.</cd> -- <col><b>Most an end</b></col>, <cd>generally. See
<i>An end</i>, under <u>End</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> [Obs.]
"She sleeps <i>most an end</i>."  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Most</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>m&aemacr;st</i>. See
<u>Most</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>In the greatest or highest
degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those nearest to this king, and <i>most</i> his
favorites, were courtiers and prelates.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Placed before an adjective or adverb, <i>most</i> is used
to form the superlative degree, being equivalent to the termination
<i>-est</i>; as, <i>most</i> vile, <i>most</i> wicked; <i>most</i>
illustrious; <i>most</i> rapidly. Formerly, and until after the
Elizabethan period of our literature, the use of the double
superlative was common. See <u>More</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>most unkindest</i> cut of all.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>most straitest</i> sect of our
religion.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvi. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mos`ta*hi"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mustaiba</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mos"te</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Mote</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mos"tic</hw>, <hw>Mos"tick</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Maul-stick</u>.] <def>A painter's maul-stick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Most"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>For the greatest
part; for the most part; chiefly; in the main.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mos"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>See <u>Direct</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Most"what`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>For the most
part.</def> [Obs.] "All the rest do <i>mostwhat</i> far amiss."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mot</hw> (m&omacr;t), <pos><i>v.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Sing.
pres. ind.</i></pos> <u>Mot</u>, <u>Mote</u>, <u>Moot</u>
(m&omacr;t), <pos><i>pl.</i></pos> <u>Mot</u>, <u>Mote</u>,
<u>Moote</u>, <pos><i>pres. subj.</i></pos> <u>Mote</u>;
<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Moste</u>.] [See <u>Must</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] [Obs.] <def>May; must; might.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>moot</i> as well say one word as
another</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wordes <i>mote</i> be cousin to the
deed.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men <i>moot</i> [i.e., one only] give silver to the
poore freres.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>So mote it be</b></col>, <cd>so be it; amen; -- a phrase
in some rituals, as that of the Freemasons.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mot</hw> (m&obreve;t; m&osl;, def. 2), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. See <u>Motto</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A word; hence, a
motto; a device.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tarquin's eye may read the <i>mot</i>
afar.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pithy or witty saying; a
witticism.</def> [A Gallicism]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here and there turns up a . . . savage
<i>mot</i>.</blockquote> <i>N. Brit. Rev.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A note or brief strain on a bugle.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mot"a*cil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>motacille</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any singing bird of the
genus <i>Motacilla</i>; a wagtail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>motare</i>,
<i>motatum</i>, to keep moving.] <def>The act of moving;
motion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mote</hw> (?), <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Mot</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mote</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Moot</u>, a meeting.]
[Obs., except in a few combinations or phrases.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A meeting of persons for discussion; as, a ward<i>mote</i> in
the city of London.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body of persons who meet for discussion,
esp. about the management of affairs; as, a
folk<i>mote</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place of meeting for
discussion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mote bell</b></col>, <cd>the bell rung to summon to a
<i>mote</i>.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mote</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The flourish sounded on a
horn by a huntsman. See <u>Mot</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3, and
<u>Mort</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mote</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mot</i>, AS.
<i>mot</i>.] <def>A small particle, as of floating dust; anything
proverbially small; a speck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The little <i>motes</i> in the sun do ever stir,
though there be no wind.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are <i>motes</i> in the midst of
generations.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mot"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Filled with motes,
or fine floating dust; as, the air.</def> "<i>Moted</i> sunbeams."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*tet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a dim. of
<i>mot</i> word; cf. It. <i>mottetto</i>, dim. of <i>motto</i> word,
device. See <u>Mot</u>, <u>Motto</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
composition adapted to sacred words in the elaborate polyphonic
church style; an anthem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moth</hw> (m&obreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mote.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Moths</b></plw> (m&obreve;thz). [OE. <i>mothe</i>, AS.
<i>mo&eth;&eth;e</i>; akin to D. <i>mot</i>, G. <i>motte</i>, Icel.
<i>motti</i>, and prob. to E. <i>mad</i> an earthworm.  Cf.
<u>Mad</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Mawk</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any nocturnal lepidopterous insect, or any
not included among the butterflies; as, the luna <i>moth</i>; Io
<i>moth</i>; hawk <i>moth</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any lepidopterous
insect that feeds upon garments, grain, etc.; as, the clothes
<i>moth</i>; grain <i>moth</i>; bee <i>moth</i>. See these terms
under <u>Clothes</u>, <u>Grain</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of various
other insects that destroy woolen and fur goods, etc., esp. the
larv&aelig; of several species of beetles of the genera
<i>Dermestes</i> and <i>Anthrenus</i>. Carpet moths are often the
larv&aelig; of Anthrenus. See <i>Carpet beetle</i>, under
<u>Carpet</u>, <u>Dermestes</u>, <u>Anthrenus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything which gradually and silently
eats, consumes, or wastes any other thing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Moth blight</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any plant
louse of the genus <i>Aleurodes</i>, and related genera. They are
injurious to various plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Moth gnat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a dipterous insect of the genus
<i>Bychoda</i>, having fringed wings.</cd> -- <col><b>Moth
hunter</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the goatsucker.</cd> --
<col><b>Moth miller</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a clothes
moth. See <u>Miller</u>, 3, <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Moth
mullein</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a common herb of the genus
<i>Verbascum</i> (<i>V. Blattaria</i>), having large wheel-shaped
yellow or whitish flowers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Moth"-eat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To eat or
prey upon, as a moth eats a garment.</def> [Rarely used except in the
form <i>moth-eaten</i>, p. p. or a.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ruin and neglect have so <i>moth-eaten</i>
her.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moth"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
moths.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fulke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>moder</i>, AS.
<i>m&omacr;dor</i>; akin to D. <i>moeder</i>, OS. <i>m&omacr;dar</i>,
G. <i>mutter</i>, OHG. <i>muotar</i>, Icel. <i>m&omacr;&eth;ir</i>,
Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>moder</i>, OSlav. <i>mati</i>, Russ. <i>mate</i>, Ir. &
Gael. <i>mathair</i>, L. <i>mater</i>, Gr. <grk>mh`thr</grk>, Skr.
<i>m&amacr;t&rsdot;</i>; cf. Skr. <i>m&amacr;</i> to measure.
&radic;268.  Cf. <u>Material</u>, <u>Matrix</u>, <u>Metropolis</u>,
<u>Father</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A female parent; especially,
one of the human race; a woman who has borne a child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which has produced or nurtured
anything; source of birth or origin; generatrix.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alas! poor country! . . . it can not<BR>
Be called our <i>mother</i>, but our grave.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I behold . . . the solitary majesty of Crete,
<i>mother</i> of a religion, it is said, that lived two thousand
years.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An old woman or matron.</def>
[Familiar]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The female superior or head of a religious
house, as an abbess, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hysterical passion; hysteria.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mother Carey's chicken</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of small petrels, as the stormy petrel
(<i>Procellaria pelagica</i>), and Leach's petrel (<i>Oceanodroma
leucorhoa</i>), both of the Atlantic, and <i>O. furcata</i> of the
North Pacific.</cd> -- <col><b>Mother Carey's goose</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the giant fulmar of the Pacific. See
<u>Fulmar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mother's mark</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>a congenital mark upon the body; a n&aelig;vus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Received by birth or
from ancestors; native, natural; as, <i>mother</i> language; also
acting the part, or having the place of a mother; producing others;
originating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the <i>mother</i> falsehood from which all
idolatry is derived.</blockquote> <i>T. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mother cell</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a cell which, by
endogenous divisions, gives rise to other cells (daughter cells); a
parent cell.</cd> -- <col><b>Mother church</b></col>, <cd>the
original church; a church from which other churches have sprung; as,
the <i>mother church</i> of a diocese.</cd> -- <col><b>Mother
country</b></col>, <cd>the country of one's parents or ancestors; the
country from which the people of a colony derive their origin.</cd> -
- <col><b>Mother liquor</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the impure or
complex residual solution which remains after the salts readily or
regularly crystallizing have been removed.</cd> -- <col><b>Mother
queen</b></col>, <cd>the mother of a reigning sovereign; a queen
mother.</cd> -- <col><b>Mother tongue</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A language from which another language has had its origin</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The language of one's native land; native
tongue.</cd> -- <col><b>Mother water</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Mother
liquor</i> (above).</cd> -- <col><b>Mother wit</b></col>, <cd>natural
or native wit or intelligence.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mothered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mothering</u>.] <def>To adopt as a son or daughter; to perform the
duties of a mother to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The queen, to have put lady Elizabeth besides the
crown, would have <i>mothered</i> another body's child.</blockquote>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D. <i>modder</i>
mud, G. <i>moder</i> mold, mud, Dan. <i>mudder</i> mud, and to E.
<i>mud</i>. See <u>Mud</u>.] <def>A film or membrane which is
developed on the surface of fermented alcoholic liquids, such as
vinegar, wine, etc., and acts as a means of conveying the oxygen of
the air to the alcohol and other combustible principles of the
liquid, thus leading to their oxidation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The film is composed of a mass of rapidly developing
micro&ouml;rganisms of the genus <i>Mycoderma</i>, and in the
<i>mother of vinegar</i> the micro&ouml;rganisms (<i>Mycoderma
aceti</i>) composing the film are the active agents in the Conversion
of the alcohol into vinegar. When thickened by growth, the film may
settle to the bottom of the fluid. See <i>Acetous fermentation</i>,
under <u>Fermentation</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Moth"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become like, or
full of, mother, or thick matter, as vinegar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moth"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thick, like
mother; viscid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They oint their naked limbs with <i>mothered</i>
oil.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a mother; the character or office of a mother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rural custom in
England, of visiting one's parents on Midlent Sunday, -- supposed to
have been originally visiting the mother church to make offerings at
the high altar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er-in-law`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mother
of one's husband or wife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er*land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The country
of one's ancestors; -- same as <i>fatherland</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&omacr;dorle&aacute;s</i>.] <def>Destitute of a mother; having
lost a mother; as, <i>motherless</i> children.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being motherly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&omacr;dorlic</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a mother; like, or
suitable for, a mother; tender; maternal; as, <i>motherly</i>
authority, love, or care.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Maternal; paternal.  -- <u>Motherly</u>,
<u>Maternal</u>. <i>Motherly</i>, being Anglo-Saxon, is the most
familiar word of the two when both have the same meaning. Besides
this, <i>maternal</i> is confined to the feelings of a mother toward
her <i>own</i> children, whereas <i>motherly</i> has a secondary
sense, denoting a care <i>like</i> that of a mother for her
offspring. There is, perhaps, a growing tendency thus to separate the
two, confining <i>motherly</i> to the latter signification. "They
termed her the great mother, for her <i>motherly</i> care in
cherishing her brethren whilst young." <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner of a
mother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er-na`ked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Naked as
when born.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er-of-pearl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hard pearly internal layer of several
kinds of shells, esp. of pearl oysters, river mussels, and the
abalone shells; nacre. See <u>Pearl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er-of-thyme`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An aromatic plant (<i>Thymus Serphyllum</i>); -- called also
<i>wild thyme</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A labiate herb (<i>Leonurus Cardiaca</i>),
of a bitter taste, used popularly in medicine; lion's tail.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The mugwort. See <u>Mugwort</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 948 !></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er*y</hw> (m&ubreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, containing, or resembling,
mother (in vinegar).</def></p>

<p><hw>Moth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infested with
moths; moth-eaten.</def> "An old <i>mothy</i> saddle."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tif</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Motive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*tif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>motus</i>
motion (fr. <i>movere</i> to move) + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Producing motion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Motive</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having powers of self-motion,
though unconscious; as, the <i>motile</i> spores of certain
seaweeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing motion; as, <i>motile</i>
powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>motilit&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Capability of motion;
contractility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>motio</i>, fr. <i>movere</i>, <i>motum</i>, to move. See
<u>Move</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act, process, or state of
changing place or position; movement; the passing of a body from one
place or position to another, whether voluntary or involuntary; --
opposed to <i>rest</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Speaking or mute, all comeliness and grace<BR>
attends thee, and each word, each <i>motion</i>, forms.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power of, or capacity for,
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Devoid of sense and <i>motion</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Direction of movement; course; tendency;
as, the <i>motion</i> of the planets is from west to east.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In our proper <i>motion</i> we ascend.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Change in the relative position of the
parts of anything; action of a machine with respect to the relative
movement of its parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the great wheel to which the clock owes its
<i>motion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Movement of the mind, desires, or
passions; mental act, or impulse to any action; internal
activity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let a good man obey every good <i>motion</i> rising in
his heart, knowing that every such <i>motion</i> proceeds from
God.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A proposal or suggestion looking to action
or progress; esp., a formal proposal made in a deliberative assembly;
as, a <i>motion</i> to adjourn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yes, I agree, and thank you for your
<i>motion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An application made to a
court or judge orally in open court. Its object is to obtain an order
or rule directing some act to be done in favor of the
applicant.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Change of pitch in
successive sounds, whether in the same part or in groups of
parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The independent <i>motions</i> of different parts
sounding together constitute counterpoint.</blockquote>
<i>Grove.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Conjunct motion</i> is that by single degrees of the
scale. <i>Contrary motion</i> is that when parts move in opposite
directions. <i>Disjunct motion</i> is motion by skips. <i>Oblique
motion</i> is that when one part is stationary while another moves.
<i>Similar</i> or <i>direct motion</i> is that when parts move in the
same direction.</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A puppet show or puppet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>motion</i>'s this? the model of
Nineveh?</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Motion, in mechanics, may be simple or compound.
<col><b>Simple motions</b></col> are: (<i>a</i>) <i>straight
translation</i>, which, if of indefinite duration, must be
reciprocating. (<i>b</i>) <i>Simple rotation</i>, which may be either
continuous or reciprocating, and when reciprocating is called
<i>oscillating</i>. (<i>c</i>) <i>Helical</i>, which, if of
indefinite duration, must be reciprocating. <col><b>Compound
motion</b></col> consists of combinations of any of the simple
motions.</p>

<p><col><b>Center of motion</b></col>, <col><b>Harmonic
motion</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Center</u>, <u>Harmonic</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Motion block</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>,
<cd>a crosshead.</cd> -- <col><b>Perpetual motion</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>an incessant motion conceived to be attainable by
a machine supplying its own motive forces independently of any action
from without.</cd>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Movement</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mo"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Motioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Motioning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a significant
movement or gesture, as with the hand; as, to <i>motion</i> to one to
take a seat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make proposal; to offer plans.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To direct or invite by a motion, as of the hand or head; as, to
<i>motion</i> one to a seat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To propose; to move.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I want friends to <i>motion</i> such a
matter.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes a
motion; a mover.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mover.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo"tion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without motion;
being at rest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>motif</i>, LL.
<i>motivum</i>, from <i>motivus</i> moving, fr. L. <i>movere</i>,
<i>motum</i>, to move. See <u>Move</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which moves; a mover.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which incites to action; anything
prompting or exciting to choise, or moving the will; cause; reason;
inducement; object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>motive</i>, I mean the whole of that which
<i>moves</i>, excites, or invites the mind to volition, whether that
be one thing singly, or many things conjunctively.</blockquote> <i>J.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The theme or subject; a
leading phrase or passage which is reproduced and varied through the
course of a comor a movement; a short figure, or melodic germ, out of
which a whole movement is develpoed. See also <i>Leading motive</i>,
under <u>Leading</u>.</def> [Written also <i>motivo</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>That which produces
conception, invention, or creation in the mind of the artist in
undertaking his subject; the guiding or controlling idea manifested
in a work of art, or any part of one.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Incentive; incitement; inducement; reason; spur;
stimulus; cause.  -- <u>Motive</u>, <u>Inducement</u>, <u>Reason</u>.
<i>Motive</i> is the word originally used in speaking of that which
determines the choice. We call it an <i>inducement</i> when it is
attractive in its nature. We call it a <i>reason</i> when it is more
immediately addressed to the intellect in the form of argument.</p>

<p><hw>Mo"tive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing motion; having
power to move, or tending to move; as, a <i>motive</i> argument;
<i>motive</i> power.</def> "<i>Motive</i> faculty."  <i>Bp.
Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Motive power</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a natural
agent, as water, steam, wind, electricity, etc., used to impart
motion to machinery; a motor; a mover.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prompt or
incite by a motive or motives; to move.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tive*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
motive; not incited by a motive.</def> -- <wf>Mo"tive*less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Motive</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The power of moving or
producing motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being influenced by
motives.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mo*ti"vo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Motive</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>See <u>Motive</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mot"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mottelee</i>,
<i>motle</i>; cf. OF. <i>mattel&eacute;</i> clotted, curdled, OF,
ciel <i>mattonn&eacute;</i> a mottled sky, <i>mate</i>, <i>maton</i>,
curdled milk, Prov. G. <i>matte</i> curd.  Cf. <u>Mottle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Variegated in color; consisting of different
colors; dappled; party-colored; as, a <i>motley</i> coat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wearing motley or party-colored clothing.
See <u>Motley</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def> "A <i>motley</i>
fool."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Composed of different or various parts;
heterogeneously made or mixed up; discordantly composite; as,
<i>motley</i> style.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mot"ley</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
combination of distinct colors; esp., the party-colored cloth, or
clothing, worn by the professional fool.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i>
"<i>Motley</i> 's the only wear." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a jester, a fool.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Man of motley</b></col>, <cd>a fool.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Beau.
& Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mot"ley-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
mind of a jester; foolish.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mot"mot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Momot</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of long-tailed,
passerine birds of the genus <i>Momotus</i>, having a strong serrated
beak. In most of the species the two long middle tail feathers are
racket-shaped at the tip, when mature. The bird itself is said by
some writers to trim them into this shape. They feed on insects,
reptiles, and fruit, and are found from Mexico to Brazil. The name is
derived from its note.</def> [Written also <i>momot</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mo"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Movement; manner of movement; particularly, movement with
increased rapidity; -- used especially in the phrase <i>con moto</i>,
directing to a somewhat quicker movement; as, <i>andante con
moto</i>, a little more rapidly than <i>andante</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>A small plate covering the armpit in armor
of the 14th century and later.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>movere</i>,
<i>motum</i>, to move.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that
which, imparts motion; a source of mechanical power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A prime mover; a machine by
means of which a source of power, as steam, moving water,
electricity, etc., is made available for doing mechanical
work.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mo"tor</hw> (?), <hw>Mo"to*ry</hw> (?), <hw>Mo*to"ri*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>motorius</i> that has motion. See
<u>Motor</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Causing or setting up
motion; pertaining to organs of motion; -- applied especially in
physiology to those nerves or nerve fibers which only convey
impressions from a nerve center to muscles, thereby causing
motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tor*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man who
controls a motor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo`tor*path"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to motorpathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*tor"pa*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>motor</i>
a mover + Gr. &?;, &?;, to suffer.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Kinesiatrics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Motte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>motte</i> a
clod, clump, or hillock.] <def>A clump of trees in a prairie.</def>
[Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mot"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mottled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mottling</u> (?).] [From <u>Mottled</u>.] <def>To mark with spots
of different color, or shades of color, as if stained; to spot; to
maculate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mot"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mottled
appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mot"tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Motley</u>.]
<def>Marked with spots of different colors; variegated; spotted; as,
<i>mottled</i> wood.</def> "The <i>mottled</i> meadows."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mot"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mottoes</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>motto</i> a word, a saying, L.
<i>muttum</i> a mutter, a grunt, cf. <i>muttire</i>, <i>mutire</i>,
to mutter, mumble; prob. of imitative origin.  Cf. <u>Mot</u> a
word.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A sentence, phrase, or
word, forming part of an heraldic achievment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sentence, phrase, or word, prefixed to
an essay, discourse, chapter, canto, or the like, suggestive of its
subject matter; a short, suggestive expression of a guiding
principle; a maxim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was the <i>motto</i> of a bishop eminent for his
piety and good works, . . . "Serve God, and be
cheerful."</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mot"toed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing or having
a motto; as, a <i>mottoed</i> coat or device.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mot"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of, or
consisting of, motes.</def> [Written also <i>mottie</i>.] [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>motty</i> dust reek raised by the
workmen.</blockquote> <i>H. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mou`choir"</hw> (m&oomac;`shw&auml;r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>A handkerchief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mou*ez"zin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Muezzin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mouf"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mouflon</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wild sheep (<i>Ovis musimon</i>),
inhabiting the mountains of Sardinia, Corsica, etc. Its horns are
very large, with a triangular base and rounded angles. It is supposed
by some to be the original of the domestic sheep. Called also
<i>musimon</i> or <i>musmon</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>moufflon</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mought</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>May</u>.
<def>Might.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mouil*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Mouill&eacute;</u>.] <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>The act of uttering the
sound of a mouill&eacute; letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mouil`l&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., lit.,
wet.] <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Applied to certain consonants having a
"liquid" or softened sound; <i>e.g.</i>, in French, <i>l</i> or
<i>ll</i> and <i>gn</i> (like the <i>lli</i> in <i>million</i> and
<i>ni</i> in <i>minion</i>); in Italian, <i>gl</i> and <i>gn</i>; in
Spanish, <i>ll</i> and <i>&ntilde;</i>; in Portuguese, <i>lh</i> and
<i>nh.</i></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mould</hw> (m&omacr;ld), <hw>Mould"er</hw> (?),
<hw>Mould"y</hw> (?), etc. } <def>See <u>Mold</u>, <u>Molder</u>,
<u>Moldy</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moule</hw> (m&omacr;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>moulen</i>. See <u>Mold</u>.] <def>To contract mold; to grow
moldy; to mold.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let us not <i>moulen</i> thus in
idleness.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mou*line"</hw> (?), <hw>Mou"li*net</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>moulinet</i>, orig., a little mill, dim.
of <i>moulin</i> mill. See <u>Mill</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
drum upon which the rope is wound in a capstan, crane, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine formerly used for bending a
crossbow by winding it up.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In sword and saber exercises, a circular
swing of the weapon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moult</hw> (m&omacr;lt), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Molt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moult"en</hw> (-'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
molted.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>moulten</i> raven."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moun</hw> (moun), <pos><i>v.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Mow</u>, may.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mounch</hw> (mounch), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
munch.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mound</hw> (mound), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>monde</i> the
world, L. <i>mundus</i>. See <u>Mundane</u>.] <def>A ball or globe
forming part of the regalia of an emperor or other sovereign. It is
encircled with bands, enriched with precious stones, and surmounted
with a cross; -- called also <i>globe</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mound</i>,
<i>mund</i>, protection, AS. <i>mund</i> protection, hand; akin to
OHG. <i>munt</i>, Icel. <i>mund</i> hand, and prob. to L.
<i>manus</i>. See <u>Manual</u>.] <def>An artificial hill or
elevation of earth; a raised bank; an embarkment thrown up for
defense; a bulwark; a rampart; also, a natural elevation appearing as
if thrown up artificially; a regular and isolated hill, hillock, or
knoll.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To thrid the thickets or to leap the
<i>mounds</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mound bird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Mound maker</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Mound builders</b></col>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i>, <cd>the tribe, or tribes, of North American
aborigines who built, in former times, extensive mounds of earth,
esp. in the valleys of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers. Formerly they
were supposed to have preceded the Indians, but later investigations
go to show that they were, in general, identical with the tribes that
occupied the country when discovered by Europeans.</cd> --
<col><b>Mound maker</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of the
megapodes.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell mound</b></col>, <cd>a mound of
refuse shells, collected by aborigines who subsisted largely on
shellfish. See <u>Midden</u>, and <u>Kitchen middens</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mound</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mounding</u>.] <def>To fortify or inclose with a mound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mount</hw> (mount), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>munt</i>,
<i>mont</i>, <i>mount</i>, AS. <i>munt</i>, fr. L. <i>mons</i>,
<i>montis</i>; cf. L. <i>minae</i> protections, E. <i>eminent</i>,
<i>menace</i>: cf. F. <i>mont</i>.  Cf. <u>Mount</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Mountain</u>, <u>Mont</u>, <u>Monte</u>,
<u>Montem</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mass of earth, or earth and
rock, rising considerably above the common surface of the surrounding
land; a mountain; a high hill; -- used always instead of
<i>mountain</i>, when put before a proper name; as, <i>Mount</i>
Washington; otherwise, chiefly in poetry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bulwark for offense or defense; a
mound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hew ye down trees, and cast a <i>mount</i> against
Jerusalem.</blockquote> <i>Jer. vi. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [See <u>Mont de pi&eacute;t&eacute;</u>.]
<def>A bank; a fund.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mount of piety</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Mont de
pi&eacute;t&eacute;</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mount</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mounted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mounting</u>.] [OE. <i>mounten</i>, <i>monten</i>, F.
<i>monter</i>, fr. L. <i>mons</i>, <i>montis</i>, mountain. See
<u>Mount</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> (above).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To rise on high; to go up; to be upraised or uplifted; to tower
aloft; to ascend; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though Babylon should <i>mount</i> up to
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Jer. li. 53.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fire of trees and houses <i>mounts</i> on
high.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To get up on anything, as a platform or
scaffold; especially, to seat one's self on a horse for
riding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attain in value; to amount.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bring then these blessings to a strict account,<BR>
Make fair deductions, see to what they <i>mount</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mount</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
get upon; to ascend; to climb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall we <i>mount</i> again the rural
throne?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place one's self on, as a horse or
other animal, or anything that one sits upon; to bestride.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to mount; to put on horseback; to
furnish with animals for riding; to furnish with horses.</def> "To
<i>mount</i> the Trojan troop."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To put upon anything that sustains
and fits for use, as a gun on a carriage, a map or picture on cloth
or paper; to prepare for being worn or otherwise used, as a diamond
by setting, or a sword blade by adding the hilt, scabbard,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To raise aloft; to lift on high.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What power is it which <i>mounts</i> my love so
high?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; A fort or ship is said to <i>mount</i> cannon, when it has
them arranged for use in or about it.</p>

<p><col><b>To mount guard</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to go on
guard; to march on guard; to do duty as a guard.</cd> -- <col><b>To
mount a play</b></col>, <cd>to prepare and arrange the scenery,
furniture, etc., used in the play.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mount</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Mount</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>That upon which a person or thing is
mounted</def>, as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She had so good a seat and hand, she might be trusted
with any <i>mount</i>.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cardboard or cloth on which a
drawing, photograph, or the like is mounted; a mounting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mount"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as can be
mounted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moun"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>mountaine</i>, <i>montaine</i>, F. <i>montagne</i>, LL.
<i>montanea</i>, <i>montania</i>, fr. L. <i>mons</i>, <i>montis</i>,
a mountain; cf. <i>montanus</i> belonging to a mountain. See 1st
<u>Mount</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large mass of earth and
rock, rising above the common level of the earth or adjacent land;
earth and rock forming an isolated peak or a ridge; an eminence
higher than a hill; a mount.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A range, chain, or group of
such elevations; as, the White <i>Mountains</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mountainlike mass; something of great
bulk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I should have been a <i>mountain</i> of
mummy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The Mountain</b></col> (<i>La montagne</i>) <i>(French
Hist.)</i>, <cd>a popular name given in 1793 to a party of extreme
Jacobins in the National Convention, who occupied the highest rows of
seats.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 949 !></p>

<p><hw>Moun"tain</hw> (moun"t&ibreve;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a mountain or mountains;
growing or living on a mountain; found on or peculiar to mountains;
among mountains; as, a <i>mountain</i> torrent; <i>mountain</i>
pines; <i>mountain</i> goats; <i>mountain</i> air; <i>mountain</i>
howitzer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a mountain; mountainous; vast; very
great.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The high, the <i>mountain</i> majesty of
worth.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mountain antelope</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
goral.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain ash</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
ornamental tree, the <i>Pyrus (Sorbus) Americana</i>, producing
beautiful bunches of red berries. Its leaves are pinnate, and its
flowers white, growing in fragrant clusters. The European species is
the <i>P. aucuparia</i>, or rowan tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain
barometer</b></col>, <cd>a portable barometer, adapted for safe
transportation, used in measuring the heights of mountains.</cd> --
<col><b>Mountain beaver</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
sewellel.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain blue</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>blue carbonate of copper; azurite.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain
cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the catamount. See
<u>Catamount</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain chain</b></col>, <cd>a
series of contiguous mountain ranges, generally in parallel or
consecutive lines or curves.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain cock</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>capercailzie. See <u>Capercailzie</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Mountain cork</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of
asbestus, resembling cork in its texture.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain
crystal</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Crystal</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mountain damson</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a large tree of
the genus <i>Simaruba</i> (<i>S. amarga</i>) growing in the West
Indies, which affords a bitter tonic and astringent, sometimes used
in medicine.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain dew</b></col>, <cd>Scotch
whisky, so called because often illicitly distilled among the
mountains.</cd> [Humorous] -- <col><b>Mountain ebony</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small leguminous tree (<i>Bauhinia
variegata</i>) of the East and West Indies; -- so called because of
its dark wood. The bark is used medicinally and in tanning.</cd> --
<col><b>Mountain flax</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of
asbestus, having very fine fibers; amianthus. See
<u>Amianthus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain fringe</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>climbing fumitory. See under <u>Fumitory</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Mountain goat</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Mazama</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain green</b></col>.
<i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Green malachite, or carbonate
of copper</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>Green earth</i>, under
<u>Green</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Mountain
holly</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a branching shrub (<i>Nemopanthes
Canadensis</i>), having smooth oblong leaves and red berries. It is
found in the Northern United States.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain
laurel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American shrub (<i>Kalmia
latifolia</i>) with glossy evergreen leaves and showy clusters of
rose-colored or white flowers. The foliage is poisonous. Called also
<i>American laurel</i>, <i>ivy bush</i>, and <i>calico bush</i>. See
<u>Kalmia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain leather</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of asbestus, resembling leather in its
texture.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain licorice</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a plant of the genus <i>Trifolium</i> (<i>T. Alpinum</i>).</cd> -
- <col><b>Mountain limestone</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a series
of marine limestone strata below the coal measures, and above the old
red standstone of Great Britain. See <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain linnet</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the twite.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain
magpie</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
yaffle, or green woodpecker</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
European gray shrike.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain mahogany</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Mahogany</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain
meal</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a light powdery variety of calcite,
occurring as an efflorescence.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain
milk</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a soft spongy variety of carbonate
of lime.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain mint</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Mint</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain ousel</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the ring ousel; -- called also <i>mountain
thrush</i> and <i>mountain colley</i>. See <u>Ousel</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mountain pride</b></col>, or <col><b>Mountain green</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree of Jamaica (<i>Spathelia simplex</i>),
which has an unbranched palmlike stem, and a terminal cluster of
large, pinnate leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain quail</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the plumed partridge (<i>Oreortyx
pictus</i>) of California. It has two long, slender, plumelike
feathers on the head. The throat and sides are chestnut; the belly is
brown with transverse bars of black and white; the neck and breast
are dark gray.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain range</b></col>, <cd>a series
of mountains closely related in position and direction.</cd> --
<col><b>Mountain rice</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>An upland variety of rice, grown without irrigation, in some
parts of Asia, Europe, and the United States</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An American genus of grasses
(<i>Oryzopsis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain rose</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of rose with solitary flowers, growing
in the mountains of Europe (<i>Rosa alpina</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Mountain soap</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a soft earthy
mineral, of a brownish color, used in crayon painting; saxonite.</cd>
-- <col><b>Mountain sorrel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low
perennial plant (<i>Oxyria digyna</i> with rounded kidney-form
leaves, and small greenish flowers, found in the White Mountains of
New Hampshire, and in high northern latitudes.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> --
<col><b>Mountain sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
European tree sparrow.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain spinach</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Orach</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain
tobacco</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a composite plant (<i>Arnica
montana</i>) of Europe; called also <i>leopard's bane</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mountain witch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a ground
pigeon of Jamaica, of the genus <i>Geotrygon</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Moun`tain*eer"</hw> (moun`t&ibreve;n*&emacr;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>montanier</i>, LL. <i>montanarius</i>.
See <u>Mountain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant of a
mountain; one who lives among mountains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rude, fierce person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No savage fierce, bandit, or
<i>mountaineer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moun`tain*eer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To live or
act as a mountaineer; to climb mountains.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You can't go <i>mountaineering</i> in a flat
country.</blockquote> <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moun"tain*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mountaineer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Moun"tain*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
mountain.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Moun"tain*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>montagneux</i>, L. <i>montaniosus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of, or containing, mountains; as, the <i>mountainous</i>
country of the Swiss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inhabiting mountains.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Large as, or resembling, a mountain; huge;
of great bulk; as, a <i>mountainous</i> heap.</def>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moun"tain*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being mountainous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mount"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>montance</i>.] <def>Amount; sum; quantity; extent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mount"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>montant</i>,
p. pr. of <i>monter</i>. See <u>Mount</u>, and cf. <u>Montant</u>.]
<def>Raised; high.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mount"e*bank</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>montimbanco</i>, <i>montambanco</i>; <i>montare</i> to mount +
<i>in</i> in, upon + <i>banco</i> bench. See <u>Mount</u>, and 4th
<u>Bank</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who mounts a bench or stage
in the market or other public place, boasts of his skill in curing
diseases, and vends medicines which he pretends are infallible
remedies; a quack doctor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such is the weakness and easy credulity of men, that a
<i>mountebank</i> . . . is preferred before an able
physician.</blockquote> <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any boastful or false pretender; a
charlatan; a quack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing so impossible in nature but <i>mountebanks</i>
will undertake.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mount"e*bank</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cheat by
boasting and false pretenses; to gull.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mount"e*bank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the
mountebank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mount"e*bank`er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
practices of a mountebank; quackery; boastful and vain
pretenses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mount"e*bank`ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
mountebank or his quackery.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mount"e*bank*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
practices of a mountebank; mountebankery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mount"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Seated or serving on horseback or similarly; as, <i>mounted</i>
police; <i>mounted</i> infantry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Placed on a suitable support, or fixed in
a setting; as, a <i>mounted</i> gun; a <i>mounted</i> map; a
<i>mounted</i> gem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mount"e*naunce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mountance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mount"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who mounts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An animal mounted; a monture.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mount"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one that mounts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That by which anything is prepared for
use, or set off to advantage; equipment; embellishment; setting; as,
the <i>mounting</i> of a sword or diamond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mount"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an ascending
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mount"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small or low
mountain.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mount"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mont&eacute;e</i>, fr. <i>monter</i>. See <u>Mount</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>The rise of a hawk after prey.</def>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mourn</hw> (m&omacr;rn), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mourned</u> (m&omacr;rnd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mourning</u>.] [AS. <i>murnan</i>; akin to OS.
<i>mornian</i>, OHG. <i>mornen</i>, Goth. <i>ma&uacute;rnan</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To express or to feel grief or sorrow; to
grieve; to be sorrowful; to lament; to be in a state of grief or
sadness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abraham came to <i>mourn</i> for Sarah, and to weep
for her.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxiii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wear the customary garb of a
mourner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>mourn</i> in black; why <i>mourn</i> we not in
blood?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Grieve for an hour, perhaps, then <i>mourn</i> a
year.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mourn</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
grieve for; to lament; to deplore; to bemoan; to bewail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As if he <i>mourned</i> his rival's ill
success.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And looking over the hills, I <i>mourn</i><BR>
The darling who shall not return.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter in a mournful manner or
voice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lovelorn nightingale<BR>
Nightly to thee her sad song <i>mourneth</i> well.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Deplore</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mourne</hw> (m&omacr;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d
<u>Morne</u>.] <def>The armed or feruled end of a staff; in a
sheephook, the end of the staff to which the hook is attached.</def>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mourn"er</hw> (m&omacr;rn"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who mourns or is grieved at any
misfortune, as the death of a friend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>mourners</i> were two hosts, his friends and
foes.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who attends a funeral as a hired
mourner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mourners</i> were provided to attend the
funeral.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mourn"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of sorrow;
expressing, or intended to express, sorrow; mourning; grieving; sad;
also, causing sorrow; saddening; grievous; as, a <i>mournful</i>
person; <i>mournful</i> looks, tones, loss.</def> --
<wf>Mourn"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mourn"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sorrowful; lugubrious; sad; doleful; heavy;
afflictive; grievous; calamitous.</p>

<p><hw>Mourn"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>murnung</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of sorrowing or expressing grief;
lamentation; sorrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Garb, drapery, or emblems indicative of
grief, esp. clothing or a badge of somber black.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The houses to their tops with black were spread,<BR>
And ev'n the pavements were with <i>mourning</i> hid.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Deep mourning</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Deep</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mourn"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Grieving; sorrowing; lamenting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Employed to express sorrow or grief; worn
or used as appropriate to the condition of one bereaved or sorrowing;
as, <i>mourning</i> garments; a <i>mourning</i> ring; a
<i>mourning</i> pin, and the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mourning bride</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a garden
flower (<i>Scabiosa atropurpurea</i>) with dark purple or crimson
flowers in flattened heads.</cd> -- <col><b>Mourning dove</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a wild dove (<i>Zenaidura macroura</i>)
found throughout the United States; -- so named from its plaintive
note. Called also <i>Carolina dove</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Dove</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mourning warbler</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American ground warbler (<i>Geothlypis
Philadelphia</i>). The male has the head, neck, and chest, deep ash-
gray, mixed with black on the throat and chest; other lower parts are
pure yellow.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mourn"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a mourning
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mour"ni*val</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Murnival</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mouse</hw> (mous), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mice</b></plw> (m&imacr;s). [OE. <i>mous</i>, <i>mus</i>, AS.
<i>m&umacr;s</i>, pl. <i>m&ymacr;s</i>; akin to D. <i>muis</i>, G.
<i>maus</i>, OHG. &amp; Icel. <i>m&umacr;s</i>, Dan. <i>muus</i>, Sw.
<i>mus</i>, Russ. <i>muishe</i>, L. <i>mus</i>, Gr. <grk>my^s</grk>,
Skr. <i>m&umacr;sh</i> mouse, <i>mush</i> to steal. &radic;277.  Cf.
<u>Muscle</u>, <u>Musk</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of small rodents belonging to the
genus <i>Mus</i> and various related genera of the family
<i>Murid&aelig;</i>.  The common house mouse (<i>Mus musculus</i>) is
found in nearly all countries. The American white-footed, or deer,
mouse (<i>Hesperomys leucopus</i>) sometimes lives in houses. See
<u>Dormouse</u>, <i>Meadow mouse</i>, under <u>Meadow</u>, and
<i>Harvest mouse</i>, under <u>Harvest</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A knob
made on a rope with spun yarn or parceling to prevent a running eye
from slipping.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Same as 2d
<u>Mousing</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A familiar term of endearment.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A dark-colored swelling caused by a
blow.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A match used in firing guns or
blasting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Field mouse</b></col>, <col><b>Flying mouse</b></col>,
etc. <cd>See under <u>Field</u>, <u>Flying</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Mouse bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a coly.</cd> --
<col><b>Mouse deer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a chevrotain,
as the kanchil.</cd> -- <col><b>Mouse galago</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very small West American galago (<i>Galago
murinus</i>). In color and size it resembles a mouse. It has a bushy
tail like that of a squirrel.</cd> -- <col><b>Mouse hawk</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A hawk that devours
mice</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The hawk owl; -- called also
<i>mouse owl</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mouse lemur</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of very small
lemurs of the genus <i>Chirogaleus</i>, found in Madagascar.</cd> --
<col><b>Mouse piece</b></col> <i>(Cookery)</i>, <cd>the piece of beef
cut from the part next below the round or from the lower part of the
latter; -- called also <i>mouse buttock</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mouse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Moused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mousing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To watch for and catch
mice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To watch for or pursue anything in a sly
manner; to pry about, on the lookout for something.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mouse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
tear, as a cat devours a mouse.</def> [Obs.] "[Death] <i>mousing</i>
the flesh of men."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To furnish with a mouse; to
secure by means of a mousing. See <u>Mouse</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mouse"-ear`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The forget-me-not (<i>Myosotis
palustris</i>) and other species of the same genus.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A European species of hawkweed (<i>Hieracium
Pilosella</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mouse-ear chickweed</b></col>, <cd>a name of two common
species of chickweed (<i>Cerastium vulgarium</i>, and <i>C.
viscosum</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Mouse-ear cress</b></col>, <cd>a low
cruciferous herb (<i>Sisymbrium Thaliana</i>). All these are low
herbs with soft, oval, or obovate leaves, whence the name.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mouse"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Frogfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mouse"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hole made by
a mouse, for passage or abode, as in a wall; hence, a very small hole
like that gnawed by a mouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mouse"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
mouse.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mous"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cat that catches mice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who pries about on the lookout for
something.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mouse"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of ranunculaceous plants (<i>Myosurus</i>), in which the
prolonged receptacle is covered with imbricating achenes, and so
resembles the tail of a mouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mous"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Diminutive for
<u>Mouse</u>.</def>  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mous"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impertinently
inquisitive; prying; meddlesome.</def> "<i>Mousing</i> saints."
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mous"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of hunting mice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A turn or lashing of spun
yarn or small stuff, or a metallic clasp or fastening, uniting the
point and shank of a hook to prevent its unhooking or straighening
out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A ratchet movement in a loom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mousing hook</b></col>, <cd>a hook with an attachment
which prevents its unhooking.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mou"sle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sport with
roughly; to rumple.</def> [Written also <i>mouzle</i>.] [Obs.]
<i>Wycherley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mousse`line"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Muslin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Mousseline de laine</b></col> (&?;). [F., muslin of
wool.] <cd>Muslin delaine. See under <u>Muslin</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mousseline glass</b></col>, <cd>a kind of thin blown
glassware, such as wineglasses, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mous`tache"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Mustache.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mous"y</hw> (mouz"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Infested with mice; smelling of mice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mou"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
Chinese tree peony (<i>P&aelig;onia Mountan</i>), a shrub with large
flowers of various colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mouth</hw> (mouth), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mouths</b></plw> (mou&thlig;z). [OE. <i>mouth</i>,
<i>mu&thorn;</i>, AS. <i>m&umacr;&eth;</i>; akin to D. <i>mond</i>,
OS. <i>m&umacr;&eth;</i>, G. <i>mund</i>, Icel. <i>mu&eth;r</i>,
<i>munnr</i>, Sw. <i>mun</i>, Dan. <i>mund</i>, Goth.
<i>mun&thorn;s</i>, and possibly L. <i>mentum</i> chin; or cf. D.
<i>muil</i> mouth, muzzle, G. <i>maul</i>, OHG. <i>m&umacr;la</i>,
Icel. <i>m&umacr;li</i>, and Skr. <i>mukha</i> mouth.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The opening through which an animal receives
food; the aperture between the jaws or between the lips; also, the
cavity, containing the tongue and teeth, between the lips and the
pharynx; the buccal cavity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>An opening affording entrance or
exit; orifice; aperture;</def> as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
opening of a vessel by which it is filled or emptied, charged or
discharged; as, the <i>mouth</i> of a jar or pitcher; the
<i>mouth</i> of the lacteal vessels, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The opening or entrance of any cavity, as a cave, pit, well, or
den.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The opening of a piece of
ordnance, through which it is discharged.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>The opening through which the waters of a river or any stream
are discharged.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The entrance into a
harbor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Saddlery)</i> <def>The crosspiece of a
bridle bit, which enters the mouth of an animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A principal speaker; one who utters the
common opinion; a mouthpiece.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every coffeehouse has some particular statesman
belonging to it, who is the <i>mouth</i> of the street where he
lives.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Cry; voice.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Speech; language; testimony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That in the <i>mouth</i> of two or three witnesses
every word may be established.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xviii.
16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A wry face; a grimace; a mow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Counterfeit sad looks,<BR>
Make <i>mouths</i> upon me when I turn my back.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Down in the mouth</b></col>, <cd>chapfallen; of dejected
countenance; depressed; discouraged.</cd> [Obs. or Colloq.] --
<col><b>Mouth friend</b></col>, <cd>one who professes friendship
insincerely.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Mouth glass</b></col>,
<cd>a small mirror for inspecting the mouth or teeth.</cd> --
<col><b>Mouth honor</b></col>, <cd>honor given in words, but not
felt.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Mouth organ</b></col>.
<i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Pan's pipes</cd>. See
<u>Pandean</u>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An harmonicon.</cd> --
<col><b>Mouth pipe</b></col>, <cd>an organ pipe with a lip or plate
to cut the escaping air and make a sound.</cd> -- <col><b>To stop the
mouth</b></col>, <cd>to silence or be silent; to put to shame; to
confound.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>The mouth</i> of them that speak lies shall be
<i>stopped</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxiii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose <i>mouths</i> must be
<i>stopped</i>.</blockquote> <i>Titus i. 11.</i></p>

<p><! p. 950 !></p>

<p><hw>Mouth</hw> (mou&thlig;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mouthed</u> (mou&thlig;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mouthing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take into
the mouth; to seize or grind with the mouth or teeth; to chew; to
devour.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter with a voice affectedly big or
swelling; to speak in a strained or unnaturally sonorous
manner.</def> "<i>Mouthing</i> big phrases."  <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mouthing</i> out his hollow oes and
aes.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form or cleanse with the mouth; to
lick, as a bear her cub.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make mouths at.</def> [R.]  <i>R.
Blair.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mouth</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
speak with a full, round, or loud, affected voice; to vociferate; to
rant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll bellow out for Rome, and for my country,<BR>
And <i>mouth</i> at C&aelig;sar, till I shake the
senate.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put mouth to mouth; to kiss.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make grimaces, esp. in ridicule or
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well I know, when I am gone,<BR>
How she <i>mouths</i> behind my back.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mouthed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with a mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a mouth of a particular kind; using
the mouth, speech, or voice in a particular way; -- used only in
composition; as, wide-<i>mouthed</i>; hard-<i>mouthed</i>; foul-
<i>mouthed</i>; mealy-<i>mouthed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mouth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who mouths;
an affected speaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mouth"-foot`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the basal joints of the legs
converted into jaws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mouth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mouthfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>As much as
is usually put into the mouth at one time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a small quantity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mouth"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>m&umacr;&eth;le&aacute;s</i>.] <def>Destitute of a
mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mouth"-made`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spoken
without sincerity; not heartfelt.</def> "<i>Mouth-made</i> vows."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mouth"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The part of a musical or other instrument to which the mouth is
applied in using it; as, the <i>mouthpiece</i> of a bugle, or of a
tobacco pipe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An appendage to an inlet or outlet opening
of a pipe or vessel, to direct or facilitate the inflow or outflow of
a fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who delivers the opinion of others or
of another; a spokesman; as, the <i>mouthpiece</i> of his
party.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Egmont was imprudent enough to make himself the
<i>mouthpiece</i> of their remonstrance.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mov`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Movableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mov"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>movable</i>. See <u>Move</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of
being moved, lifted, carried, drawn, turned, or conveyed, or in any
way made to change place or posture; susceptible of motion; not fixed
or stationary; as, a <i>movable</i> steam engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Changing from one time to another; as,
<i>movable</i> feasts, <i>i. e.</i>, church festivals, the date of
which varies from year to year.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Movable letter</b></col> <i>(Heb. Gram.)</i>, <cd>a letter
that is pronounced, as opposed to one that is quiescent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mov"a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Movables</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An article
of wares or goods; a commodity; a piece of property not fixed, or not
a part of real estate; generally, in the plural, goods; wares;
furniture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Furnished with the most rich and princely
<i>movables</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Law)</i> <def>Property not attached to
the soil.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word is not convertible with <i>personal property</i>,
since rents and similar incidents of the soil which are personal
property by our law are immovables by the Roman law.
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mov"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being movable; mobility; susceptibility of motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mov"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a movable
manner or condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Move</hw> (m&oomac;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Moved</u> (m&oomac;vd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Moving</u>.] [OE. <i>moven</i>, OF. <i>moveir</i>, F.
<i>mouvoir</i>, L. <i>movere</i>; cf. Gr. <grk>'amei`bein</grk> to
change, exchange, go in or out, quit, Skr. <i>m&imacr;v</i>, p. p.
<i>m&umacr;ta</i>, to move, push.  Cf. <u>Emotion</u>, <u>Mew</u> to
molt, <u>Mob</u>, <u>Mutable</u>, <u>Mutiny</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to change place or posture in any manner; to set in
motion; to carry, convey, draw, or push from one place to another; to
impel; to stir; as, the wind <i>moves</i> a vessel; the horse
<i>moves</i> a carriage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chess, Checkers, etc.)</i> <def>To transfer
(a piece or man) from one space or position to another, according to
the rules of the game; as, to <i>move</i> a king.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To excite to action by the presentation of
motives; to rouse by representation, persuasion, or appeal; to
influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Minds desirous of revenge were not <i>moved</i> with
gold.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No female arts his mind could
<i>move</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To arouse the feelings or passions of;
especially, to excite to tenderness or compassion; to touch
pathetically; to excite, as an emotion.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When he saw the multitudes, he was <i>moved</i> with
compassion on them.</blockquote> <i>Matt. ix. 36.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[The use of images] in orations and poetry is to
<i>move</i> pity or terror.</blockquote> <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To propose; to recommend; specifically, to
propose formally for consideration and determination, in a
deliberative assembly; to submit, as a resolution to be adopted; as,
to <i>move</i> to adjourn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me but <i>move</i> one question to your
daughter.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are to be blamed alike who <i>move</i> and who
decline war upon particular respects.</blockquote>
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To apply to, as for aid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To stir; agitate; trouble; affect; persuade;
influence; actuate; impel; rouse; prompt; instigate; incite; induce;
incline; propose; offer.</p>

<p><hw>Move</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
change place or posture; to stir; to go, in any manner, from one
place or position to another; as, a ship <i>moves</i>
rapidly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The foundations also of the hills <i>moved</i> and
were shaken, because he was wroth.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xviii.
7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the green bank I sat and listened long, . . . <BR>
Nor till her lay was ended could I <i>move</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act; to take action; to stir; to begin
to act; as, to <i>move</i> in a matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To change residence; to remove, as from
one house, town, or state, to another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chess, Checkers, etc.)</i> <def>To change
the place of a piece in accordance with the rules of the
game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Move</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of moving; a movement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chess, Checkers, etc.)</i> <def>The act of
moving one of the pieces, from one position to another, in the
progress of the game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An act for the attainment of an object; a
step in the execution of a plan or purpose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To make a move</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To take
some action</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To move a piece, as in a
game.</cd> -- <col><b>To be on the move</b></col>, <cd>to bustle or
stir about.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Move`less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Motionless;
fixed.</def> "<i>Moveless</i> as a tower."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Move"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mouvement</i>.
See <u>Move</u>, and cf. <u>Moment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of moving; change of place or posture; transference, by any
means, from one situation to another; natural or appropriate motion;
progress; advancement; as, the <i>movement</i> of an army in marching
or maneuvering; the <i>movement</i> of a wheel or a machine; the
party of <i>movement</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Motion of the mind or feelings;
emotion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Manner or style of moving; as, a slow, or
quick, or sudden, <i>movement</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
rhythmical progression, pace, and tempo of a piece.</def> "Any change
of time is a change of <i>movement</i>." <i>Busby.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the several strains or pieces, each
complete in itself, with its own time and rhythm, which make up a
larger work; as, the several <i>movements</i> of a suite or a
symphony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A system of mechanism for
transmitting motion of a definite character, or for transforming
motion; as, the wheelwork of a watch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Febrile movement</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an elevation
of the body temperature; a fever.</cd> -- <col><b>Movement
cure</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <u>Kinesiatrics</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Movement of the bowels</b></col>, <cd>an evacuation or stool;
a passage or discharge.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Motion.  -- <u>Movement</u>, <u>Motion</u>.
<i>Motion</i> expresses a general idea of not being at rest;
<i>movement</i> is oftener used to express a definite, regulated
motion, esp. a progress.</p>

<p><hw>Mo"vent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>movens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>movere</i>. See <u>Move</u>.] <def>Moving.</def> [R.]
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"vent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which moves
anything.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person or thing that moves, stirs, or changes place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing that imparts motion, or
causes change of place; a motor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, excites,
instigates, or causes movement, change, etc.; as, <i>movers</i> of
sedition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These most poisonous compounds,<BR>
Which are the <i>movers</i> of a languishing death.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A proposer; one who offers a proposition,
or recommends anything for consideration or adoption; as, the
<i>mover</i> of a resolution in a legislative body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mov"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Changing place or posture; causing motion or action; as, a
<i>moving</i> car, or power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exciting movement of the mind; adapted to
move the sympathies, passions, or affections; touching; pathetic; as,
a <i>moving</i> appeal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I sang an old <i>moving</i> story.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Moving force</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a force that
accelerates, retards, or deflects the motion of a body.</cd> --
<col><b>Moving plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leguminous plant
(<i>Desmodium gyrans</i>); -- so called because its leaflets have a
distinct automatic motion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mov"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of changing
place or posture; esp., the act of changing one's dwelling place or
place of business.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Moving day</b></col>, <cd>a day when one moves; esp., a
day when a large number of tenants change their dwelling
place.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mov"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a moving
manner.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mov"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The power of
moving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>moe</i>
and <i>mowe</i>.] [F. <i>moue</i> pouting, a wry face; cf. OD.
<i>mouwe</i> the protruded lip.] <def>A wry face.</def> "Make
<i>mows</i> at him."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mow</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
mouths.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nodding, becking, and <i>mowing</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mow</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Mew</u>, a gull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mow</hw>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> [<pos><i>pres. sing.</i></pos>
<u>Mow</u>, <pos><i>pl.</i></pos> <u>Mowe</u>, <u>Mowen</u>,
<u>Moun</u>.] [AS. <i>magan</i>. See <u>May</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>May; can.</def> "Thou <i>mow</i> now
escapen." [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our walles <i>mowe</i> not make hem
resistence.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mow</hw> (m&omacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Mowed</u> (m&omacr;d); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mowed</u> or <u>Mown</u> (m&omacr;n); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Mowing</u>.] [OE. <i>mowen</i>, <i>mawen</i>,
AS. <i>m&amacr;wan</i>; akin to D. <i>maaijen</i>, G.
<i>m&auml;hen</i>, OHG. <i>m&amacr;jan</i>, Dan. <i>meie</i>, L.
<i>metere</i> to reap, mow, Gr. <grk>'ama^n</grk>.  Cf. <u>Math</u>,
<u>Mead</u> a meadow, <u>Meadow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut
down, as grass, with a scythe or machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut the grass from; as, to <i>mow</i> a
meadow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut down; to cause to fall in rows or
masses, as in mowing grass; -- with <i>down</i>; as, a discharge of
grapeshot <i>mows</i> down whole ranks of men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mow</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cut grass, etc.,
with a scythe, or with a machine; to cut grass for hay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mowe</i>, AS.
<i>m&?;ga</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A heap or mass of hay or of
sheaves of grain stowed in a barn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place in a barn where hay or grain in
the sheaf is stowed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lay, as hay or
sheaves of grain, in a heap or mass in a barn; to pile and stow
away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mow"burn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To heat and
ferment in the mow, as hay when housed too green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mowe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>See 4th
<u>Mow</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mowe</hw>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See 1st &amp; 2d
<u>Mow</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, mows; a mowing machine; as, a lawn <i>mower</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mow"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who, or the operation of that which, mows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Land from which grass is cut; meadow
land.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mowing machine</b></col>, <cd>an agricultural machine
armed with knives or blades for cutting standing grass, etc. It is
drawn by a horse or horses, or propelled by steam.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mown</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Cut down by
mowing, as grass; deprived of grass by mowing; as, a <i>mown</i>
field.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mow"yer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mower.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mox"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of Japan.
<i>mogusa</i> (pronounced <i>mongsa</i>), an escharotic made from the
plant <i>yomigi</i>: cf. F. <i>moxa</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A soft woolly mass prepared from the young leaves
of <i>Artemisia Chinensis</i>, and used as a cautery by burning it on
the skin; hence, any substance used in a like manner, as cotton
impregnated with niter, amadou.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant from which this
substance is obtained, esp.  <i>Artemisia Chinensis</i>, and <i>A.
moxa</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mox"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [fr. Moxie, a trade name
for a beverage.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>energy; pep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>courage, determination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Know-how, expertise.</def>
<i>MW10.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Moy"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mud poured out
from volcanoes during eruptions; -- so called in South
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Moil</u>, and <u>Moile</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Moz"a*rab</hw> (?), <hw>Moz`a*rab"ic</hw> (?) }. <def>Same
as <u>Muzarab</u>, <u>Muzarabic</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mo*zet"ta</hw> (?), <hw>Moz*zet"ta</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>mozzetta</i>: cf. F. <i>mosette</i>.
Cf. <u>Amice</u> a hood or cape.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A cape, with a
small hood; -- worn by the pope and other dignitaries of the Roman
Catholic Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mr.</hw>. (&?;). <def>The customary abbreviation of
<i>Mister</i> in writing and printing. See <u>Master</u>,
4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mrs.</hw> (&?;). <def>The customary abbreviation of
<i>Mistress</i> when used as a title of courtesy, in writing and
printing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*cam"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Muc</i>ic +
<i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The acid amide of mucic acid,
obtained as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of mucic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Muse</u>, and
<u>Muset</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*ce"din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Mucus</u>.]
<i>(Bot. Chem.)</i> <def>A yellowish white, amorphous, nitrogenous
substance found in wheat, rye, etc., and resembling gluten; --
formerly called also <i>mucin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Much</hw> (m&ubreve;ch), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.
& superl.</i></pos> wanting, but supplied by <u>More</u> (m&omacr;r),
and <u>Most</u> (m&omacr;st), from another root.] [OE. <i>moche</i>,
<i>muche</i>, <i>miche</i>, prob. the same as <i>mochel</i>,
<i>muchel</i>, <i>michel</i>, <i>mikel</i>, fr. AS. <i>micel</i>,
<i>mycel</i>; cf. Gr. <grk>me`gas</grk>, fem. <grk>mega`lh</grk>,
great, and Icel. <i>mj&ouml;k</i>, adv., much. &radic;103. See
<u>Mickle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Great in quantity; long in
duration; as, <i>much</i> rain has fallen; <i>much</i>
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt carry <i>much</i> seed out into the field,
and shalt gather but little in.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxviii.
38.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Many in number.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Edom came out against him with <i>much</i>
people.</blockquote> <i>Num. xx. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>High in rank or position.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Much</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
great quantity; a great deal; also, an indefinite quantity; as, you
have as <i>much</i> as I.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that gathered <i>much</i> had nothing
over.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xvi. 18.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Much</i>in this sense can be regarded as an adjective
qualifying a word unexpressed, and may, therefore, be modified by
<i>as</i>, <i>so</i>, <i>too</i>, <i>very</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thing uncommon, wonderful, or
noticeable; something considerable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And [he] thought not <i>much</i> to clothe his
enemies.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make much of</b></col>, <cd>to treat as something of
especial value or worth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Much</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>mj&ouml;k</i>.
See <u>Much</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To a great degree or
extent; greatly; abundantly; far; nearly.</def> "<i>Much</i>
suffering heroes."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art <i>much</i> mightier than we.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xxvi. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Excellent speech becometh not a fool, <i>much</i> less
do lying lips a prince.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xvii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Henceforth I fly not death, nor would prolong<BR>
Life <i>much</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All left the world <i>much</i> as they found
it.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Much"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [&radic;103. See
<u>Mickle</u>.] <def>Much.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Much"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Greatness;
extent.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The quantity and <i>muchness</i> of time which it
filcheth.</blockquote> <i>W. Whately.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Much of a muchness</b></col>, <cd>much the same.</cd>
[Colloq.] "Men's men; gentle or simple, they're <i>much of a
muchness</i>."  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Much"what`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Nearly;
almost; much.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Muchwhat</i> after the same manner."
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"cic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mucus</i> mucus:
cf. F. <i>mucique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived
from, gums and micilaginous substances; specif., denoting an acid
obtained by the oxidation of gums, dulcite, etc., as a white
crystalline substance isomeric with saccharic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mucidus</i>, fr.
L. <i>mucus</i> mucus. See <u>Mucus</u>, and cf. <u>Moist</u>.]
<def>Musty; moldy; slimy; mucous.</def> -- <wf>Mu"cid*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mu*cif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mucus</i> + L.
<i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See  <u>-fy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inducing or stimulating the
secretion of mucus; blennogenous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Secreting
mucus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mucus</i> + <i>-
form</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Resembling mucus; having the
character or appearance of mucus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ci*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Muc</i>in + <i>-
gen</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A substance which is formed in
mucous epithelial cells, and gives rise to mucin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*cig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Connected with the formation of mucin; resembling
mucin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mucigenous</i> basis is manufactured at the
expense of the ordinary protoplasm of the cell.</blockquote>
<i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ci*lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>mucilago</i> a musty juice, fr. <i>mucus</i> mucus, slime. See
<u>Mucus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. Chem.)</i> <def>A gummy or
gelatinous substance produced in certain plants by the action of
water on the cell wall, as in the seeds of quinces, of flax,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An aqueous solution of gum, or of
substances allied to it; as, medicinal <i>mucilage</i>;
<i>mucilage</i> for fastening envelopes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu`ci*lag"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mucilagineux</i>. See <u>Mucilage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Partaking of the nature of, or resembling, mucilage; moist,
soft, and viscid; slimy; ropy; as, a <i>mucilaginous</i>
liquid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or secreting, mucilage;
as, the <i>mucilaginous</i> glands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Soluble in water, but not in alcohol;
yielding mucilage; as, <i>mucilaginous</i> gums or plants.</def> --
<wf>Mu`ci*lag"i*nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 951 !></p>

<p><hw>Mu"cin</hw> (m&umacr;"s&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Mucus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Mucedin</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An albuminoid
substance which is contained in mucus, and gives to the latter
secretion its peculiar ropy character. It is found in all the
secretions from mucous glands, and also between the fibers of
connective tissue, as in tendons. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Demilune</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*cin"o*gen</hw> (m&usl;*s&ibreve;n"&osl;*j&ebreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mucin</i> + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Mucigen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*cip"a*rous</hw> (m&usl;*s&ibreve;"p&adot;*r&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mucus</i> + L. <i>parere</i> to produce.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Secreting, or producing, mucus or
mucin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ci*vore</hw> (m&umacr;"s&ibreve;*v&omacr;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mucus</i> slime, mucus + <i>vorare</i> to
devour.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect which feeds on mucus, or
the sap of plants, as certain Diptera, of the tribe
<i>Mucivora</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muck</hw> (m&ubreve;k), <def>abbreviation of
<i>Amuck</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To run a muck</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Amuck</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Muck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>myki</i>; akin to D.
<i>m&ouml;g</i>.  Cf. <u>Midden</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dung in
a moist state; manure.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vegetable mold mixed with earth, as found
in low, damp places and swamps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything filthy or vile.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Money; -- in contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fatal <i>muck</i> we quarreled for.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Muck bar</b></col>, <cd>bar iron which has been through
the rolls only once.</cd> -- <col><b>Muck iron</b></col>, <cd>crude
puddled iron ready for the squeezer or rollers.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muck</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like muck; mucky; also,
used in collecting or distributing muck; as, a <i>muck</i>
fork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To manure with
muck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muck"en*der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>mocador</i>.  Cf. <u>Mokadour</u>.] <def>A handkerchief.</def>
[Obs.] [Written also <i>muckinder</i>, <i>muckiter</i>,
<i>mockadour</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Muck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A term of reproach
for a low or vulgar labor person.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Muck"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To scrape together,
as money, by mean labor or shifts.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muck"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A miser; a
niggard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Muck"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being mucky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Mickle</u>.]
<def>Much.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Muck"mid`den</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dunghill.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Muck"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat mucky;
soft, sticky, and dirty; muxy.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>R. D.
Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muck"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A larva or grub that lives in muck or
manure; -- applied to the larv&aelig; of the tumbledung and allied
beetles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who scrapes together money by mean
labor and devices; a miser.</def> "Misers are <i>muckworms</i>."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muck"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Filthy with muck; miry; as, a <i>mucky</i> road.</def>
"<i>Mucky</i> filth."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vile, in a moral sense; sordid.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mucky</i> money and false felicity.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"co*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Mucus</i> + Gr.
<grk>kh`lh</grk> tumor.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An enlargement or
protrusion of the mucous membrane of the lachrymal passages, or
dropsy of the lachrymal sac, dependent upon catarrhal inflammation of
the latter.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mucus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Resembling mucus.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mucoid degeneration</b></col>, <cd>a form of degeneration
in which the tissues are transformed into a semisolid substance
resembling mucus.</cd>  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"co*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of muconic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mu</i>cic +
ita<i>conic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, an organic acid, obtained indirectly from mucic acid,
and somewhat resembling itaconic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu`co*pu"ru*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mucus</i>
+ <i>purulent</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having the character or
appearance of both mucus and pus.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mu"cor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>mucere</i>
to be moldy or musty.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of minute fungi.
The plants consist of slender threads with terminal globular
sporangia; mold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*cos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being mucous or slimy; mucousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mucosus</i>, fr.
<i>mucus</i> mucus.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
resembling, mucus; slimy, ropy, or stringy, and lubricous; as, a
<i>mucous</i> substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Secreting a slimy or mucigenous substance;
as, the <i>mucous</i> membrane.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mucous membrane</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Membrane</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mucous patches</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>elevated patches found in the mucous membranes of
the mouth and anus, usually due to syphilis.</cd> -- <col><b>Mucous
tissue</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a form of connective tissue in
an early stage of development, found in the umbilical cord and in the
embryo, and also in certain tumors called <i>myxomata</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mu"cous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being mucous; sliminess.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mu"cro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A minute abrupt point, as of a leaf; any small,
sharp point or process, terminating a larger part or organ.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mu"cro*nate</hw> (?), <hw>Mu"cro*na`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mucronatus</i>, fr. <i>mucro</i> a sharp
point: cf. F. <i>mucron&eacute;</i>.] <def>Ending abruptly in a sharp
point; abruptly tipped with a short and sharp point; as, a
<i>mucronate</i> leaf.</def> -- <wf>Mu"cro*nate*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mu*cron"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having, or
tipped with, a small point or points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"cu*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>muculentus</i>, fr. <i>mucus</i>.] <def>Slimy; moist, and
moderately viscous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"cus</hw> (m&umacr;"k&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mucus</i>, <i>muccus</i>; cf. <i>mucere</i> to be moldy or musty,
Gr. <grk>my`xa</grk> mucus, and Skr. <i>muc</i> to release.  Cf.
<u>Match</u> for striking fire, <u>Moist</u>, <u>Mucilage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A viscid fluid secreted by
mucous membranes, which it serves to moisten and protect. It covers
the lining membranes of all the cavities which open externally, such
as those of the mouth, nose, lungs, intestinal canal, urinary
passages, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Any other animal fluid
of a viscid quality, as the synovial fluid, which lubricates the
cavities of the joints; -- improperly so used.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A gelatinous or slimy
substance found in certain alg&aelig; and other plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"cus*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>Mucin.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG. <i>mudde</i>,
D. <i>modder</i>, G. <i>moder</i> mold, OSw. <i>modd</i> mud, Sw.
<i>modder</i> mother, Dan. <i>mudder</i> mud.  Cf. <u>Mother</u> a
scum on liquors.] <def>Earth and water mixed so as to be soft and
adhesive.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mud bass</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fresh-water
fish (<i>Acantharchum pomotis</i>) of the Eastern United States. It
produces a deep grunting note.</cd> -- <col><b>Mud bath</b></col>,
<cd>an immersion of the body, or some part of it, in mud charged with
medicinal agents, as a remedy for disease.</cd> -- <col><b>Mud
boat</b></col>, <cd>a large flatboat used in dredging.</cd> --
<col><b>Mud cat</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Catfish</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mud crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several American marine crabs of the genus <i>Panopeus</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mud dab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the winter
flounder. See <u>Flounder</u>, and <u>Dab</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mud
dauber</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a mud wasp.</cd> --
<col><b>Mud devil</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
fellbender.</cd> -- <col><b>Mud drum</b></col> <i>(Steam
Boilers)</i>, <cd>a drum beneath a boiler, into which sediment and
mud in the water can settle for removal.</cd> -- <col><b>Mud
eel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a long, slender, aquatic
amphibian (<i>Siren lacertina</i>), found in the Southern United
States. It has persistent external gills and only the anterior pair
of legs. See <u>Siren</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mud frog</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European frog (<i>Pelobates
fuscus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Mud hen</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The American coot (<i>Fulica
Americana</i>)</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The clapper rail.</cd> -
- <col><b>Mud lark</b></col>, <cd>a person who cleans sewers, or
delves in mud.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>Mud minnow</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any small American fresh-water fish of the
genus <i>Umbra</i>, as <i>U. limi</i>. The genus is allied to the
pickerels.</cd> -- <col><b>Mud plug</b></col>, <cd>a plug for
stopping the mudhole of a boiler.</cd> -- <col><b>Mud puppy</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the menobranchus.</cd> -- <col><b>Mud
scow</b></col>, <cd>a heavy scow, used in dredging; a mud boat.</cd>
[U.S.] -- <col><b>Mud turtle</b></col>, <col><b>Mud
tortoise</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous
species of fresh-water tortoises of the United States.</cd> --
<col><b>Mud wasp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to
<i>Pep&aelig;us</i>, and allied genera, which construct groups of mud
cells, attached, side by side, to stones or to the woodwork of
buildings, etc. The female places an egg in each cell, together with
spiders or other insects, paralyzed by a sting, to serve as food for
the larva. Called also <i>mud dauber</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mud</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bury in mud.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make muddy or turbid.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mu"dar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>mad&amacr;r</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Either one of two
asclepiadaceous shrubs (<i>Calotropis gigantea</i>, and <i>C.
procera</i>), which furnish a strong and valuable fiber. The acrid
milky juice is used medicinally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"da*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
brown, amorphous, bitter substance having a strong emetic action,
extracted from the root of the mudar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mud"di*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a muddy
manner; turbidly; without mixture; cloudily; obscurely;
confusedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mud"di*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The condition or quality of being muddy; turbidness; foulness
caused by mud, dirt, or sediment; as, the <i>muddiness</i> of a
stream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obscurity or confusion, as in treatment of
a subject; intellectual dullness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mud"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Muddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Muddling</u> (?).] [From <u>Mud</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make turbid, or muddy, as water.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He did ill to <i>muddle</i> the water.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cloud or stupefy; to render stupid with
liquor; to intoxicate partially.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Epicurus seems to have had brains so <i>muddled</i>
and confounded, that he scarce ever kept in the right
way.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Often drunk, always <i>muddled</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To waste or misuse, as one does who is
stupid or intoxicated.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>muddle</i> it [money] away without method or
object, and without having anything to show for it.</blockquote>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mix confusedly; to confuse; to make a
mess of; as, to <i>muddle</i> matters; also, to perplex; to
mystify.</def>  <i>F. W. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mud"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To dabble in mud.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To think and act in a confused, aimless
way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mud"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of being
turbid or confused; hence, intellectual cloudiness or
dullness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We both grub on in a <i>muddle</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mud"dle*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stupid
person.</def> [Colloq.] <i>C. Reade.</i> -- <wf>Mud"dle-head`ed</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Colloq.] <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mud"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, muddles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mud"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Muddier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Muddiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding in mud; besmeared or dashed with mud; as, a
<i>muddy</i> road or path; <i>muddy</i> boots.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Turbid with mud; as, <i>muddy</i>
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of mud or earth; gross;
impure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>muddy</i> vesture of decay.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Confused, as if turbid with mud; cloudy in
mind; dull; stupid; also, immethodical; incoherent; vague.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cold hearts and <i>muddy</i>
understandings.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dost think I am so <i>muddy</i>, so
unsettled.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not clear or bright.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mud"dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Muddied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Muddying</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To soil with mud; to
dirty; to render turbid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To cloud; to make dull or
heavy.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mud"dy-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dull;
stupid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mud"dy-met`tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dull-
spirited.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mud"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The European loach.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bowfin.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The South American lipedosiren, and the allied African species
(<i>Protopterus annectens</i>). See <u>Lipedosiren</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The mud minnow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mud"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A hole, or hollow place, containing mud, as in a road.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i> <def>A hole near the
bottom, through which the sediment is withdrawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"dir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Moodir</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mud"sill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lowest sill
of a structure, usually embedded in the soil; the lowest timber of a
house; also, that sill or timber of a bridge which is laid at the
bottom of the water. See <u>Sill</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mud"suck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A woodcock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mud"wall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European bee-eater. See <u>Bee-eater</u>.</def> [Written
also <i>modwall</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mud"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small herbaceous plant growing on muddy shores (<i>Limosella
aquatica</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mue</hw> (m&umacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To mew; to
molt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu*ez"zin</hw> (m&usl;*&ebreve;z"z&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.] <def>A Mohammedan crier of the hour of
prayer.</def> [Written also <i>mouezzin</i>, <i>mueddin</i>, and
<i>muwazzin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Muff</hw> (m&ubreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG.
<i>muff</i>, D. <i>mof</i>, G., Dan., &amp; Sw. <i>muff</i>, F.
<i>moufle</i> mitten, LL. <i>muffula</i>, MHG. <i>mouwe</i> sleeve,
D. <i>mouw</i>, and E. <i>muffle</i>, v.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
soft cover of cylindrical form, usually of fur, worn by women to
shield the hands from cold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A short hollow cylinder
surrounding an object, as a pipe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Glass Manuf.)</i> <def>A blown cylinder of
glass which is afterward flattened out to make a sheet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Perhaps a different word; cf. Prov. E.
<i>maffle</i> to slammer.] <def>A stupid fellow; a poor-spirited
person.</def> [Colloq.] "A <i>muff</i> of a curate."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [See 4.] <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>A failure to
hold a ball when once in the hands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The whitethroat.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Muff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Muffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Muffing</u>.] <def>To handle awkwardly; to fumble; to fail to
hold, as a ball, in catching it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muf`fe*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small muff
worn over the wrist.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muf"fin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Muff</u>.]
<def>A light, spongy, cylindrical cake, used for breakfast and
tea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muf`fin*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dish for
keeping muffins hot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muff"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Muff</u>, 4 &
5.] <def>Stupid; awkward.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Muf"fle</hw> (m&ubreve;f"f'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
bare end of the nose between the nostrils; -- used esp. of
ruminants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Muffled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Muffling</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>moufle</i> a mitten, LL.
<i>muffula</i>, OD. <i>moffel</i> a muff. See <u>Muff</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wrap up in something that conceals or
protects; to wrap, as the face and neck, in thick and disguising
folds; hence, to conceal or cover the face of; to envelop; to
inclose; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The face lies <i>muffled</i> up within the
garment.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>muffled</i> with a cloud his mournful
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Muffled</i> up in darkness and
superstition.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prevent seeing, or hearing, or
speaking, by wraps bound about the head; to blindfold; to
deafen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wrap with something that dulls or
deadens the sound of; as, to <i>muffle</i> the strings of a drum, or
that part of an oar which rests in the rowlock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>maffle</i>,
<i>mumble</i>, D. <i>moffelen</i>.] <def>To speak indistinctly, or
without clear articulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>moufle</i>, prop., a
mitten, from the resemblance in shape. See <u>Muffle</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, <u>Muff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything with
which another thing, as an oar or drum, is muffled; also, a boxing
glove; a muff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>An earthenware compartment
or oven, often shaped like a half cylinder, used in furnaces to
protect objects heated from the direct action of the fire, as in
scorification of ores, cupellation of ore buttons, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Ceramics)</i> <def>A small oven for baking
and fixing the colors of painted or printed pottery, without exposing
the pottery to the flames of the furnace or kiln.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pulley block containing several
sheaves.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muf"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything used in muffling; esp., a scarf for protecting the head
and neck in cold weather; a tippet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fortune is painted blind, with a <i>muffler</i> above
her eyes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A cushion for terminating or
softening a note made by a stringed instrument with a
keyboard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of mitten or boxing glove, esp.
when stuffed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who muffles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muf"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Mouflon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muf"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Muftis</b></plw> (#). [Ar. <i>mufti</i>.] <def>An official
expounder of Mohammedan law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muf"ti</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Citizen's dress when
worn by a naval or military officer; -- a term derived from the
British service in India.</def> [Colloq. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mug</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. <i>mugam</i> a
mug, <i>mucog</i> a cup.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of earthen
or metal drinking cup, with a handle, -- usually cylindrical and
without a lip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The face or mouth.</def> [Slang]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mug"gard</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>mucker</i>
a sulky person, <i>muckish</i> sullen, peevish, <i>mucken</i> to
mutter, grumble.] <def>Sullen; displeased.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mug"get</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The small entrails
of a calf or a hog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mug"gi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition
or quality of being muggy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mug"gish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Muggy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mug`gle*to"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of an extinct sect, named after Ludovic
<i>Muggleton</i>, an English journeyman tailor, who (about 1657)
claimed to be inspired.</def>  <i>Eadie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mug"gy</hw> (m&ubreve;g"g&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Muggier</u> (-g&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Muggiest</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>mugga</i>
mist, mugginess.  Cf. 4th <u>Mold</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moist; damp; moldy; as, <i>muggy</i> straw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Warm, damp, and close; as, <i>muggy</i>
air, weather.</def></p>

<p><! p. 952 !></p>

<p><hw>Mug"house`</hw> (m&ubreve;g"hous`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An alehouse; a pothouse.</def>  <i>Tickel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"gi*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
bellowing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mu"gi*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mugiens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>mugire</i> to bellow.] <def>Lowing; bellowing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mu"gil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a sort of fish.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fishes including the gray
mullets. See <u>Mullet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"gi*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or pertaining to the genus Mugil, or family
<i>Mugilid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mug"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
slender European weed (<i>Galium Cruciata</i>); -- called also
<i>crossweed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mug"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mucgwyrt</i>.
Cf. <u>Midge</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A somewhat aromatic composite
weed (<i>Artemisia vulgaris</i>), at one time used medicinally; --
called also <i>motherwort</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mug"wump`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Algonquin
<i>mugquomp</i> a chief.] <def>A bolter from the Republican party in
the national election of 1884; an Independent.</def> [Political Cant,
U.S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mug"wump`er*y</hw> (?), <hw>Mug"wump*ism</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The acts and views of the mugwumps.</def>
[Political Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mu*ham"mad*an</hw> (?), <hw>Mu*ham"med*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Mohammedan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*ham"mad*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mohammedanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mu*la"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A moor.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Lockhart.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mu*la"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. Amer., fr. Sp.
<i>mulo</i>, <i>mula</i>, a mule.] <def>A drove of mules.</def>
[Southwest. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mu*lat"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mulattoes</b></plw> (#). [Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>mulato</i>, masc.,
<i>mulata</i>, fem., of a mixed breed, fr. <i>mulo</i> mule, L.
<i>mulus</i>. See <u>Mule</u>.] <def>The offspring of a negress by a
white man, or of a white woman by a negro, -- usually of a brownish
yellow complexion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*lat"tress</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
mulatto.</def>  <i>G. W. Gable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ber*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mulberries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>moolbery</i>,
<i>murberie</i>, AS. <i>murberie</i>, where the first part is fr. L.
<i>morum</i> mulberry; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;.  Cf. <u>Murrey</u>,
<u>Sycamore</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The berry or
fruit of any tree of the genus <i>Morus</i>; also, the tree itself.
See <u>Morus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dark pure color, like the hue of a black
mulberry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mulberry mass</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Morula</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper mulberry</b></col>, <cd>a tree
(<i>Broussonetia papyrifera</i>), related to the true mulberry, used
in Polynesia for making tapa cloth by macerating and pounding the
inner bark, and in China and Japan for the manufacture of paper. It
is seen as a shade tree in America.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ber*ry-faced`</hw> (-f&amacr;st`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a face of a mulberry color, or blotched as if with
mulberry stains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mulch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>mull</i> dirt,
also Prov. G. <i>mulsch</i>, <i>molsch</i>, rotten, soft, mellow, as
fruit.] <def>Half-rotten straw, or any like substance strewn on the
ground, as over the roots of plants, to protect from heat, drought,
etc., and to preserve moisture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mulch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mulched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mulching</u>.] <def>To cover or dress with mulch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mulct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mulcta</i>,
<i>multa</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fine or penalty, esp. a
pecuniary punishment or penalty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blemish or defect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Amercement; forfeit; forfeiture; penalty.</p>

<p><hw>Mulct</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mulcted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mulcting</u>.] [L. <i>mulctare</i>, <i>multare</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To punish for an offense or misdemeanor by
imposing a fine or forfeiture, esp. a pecuniary fine; to
fine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to deprive of; to withhold by way
of punishment or discipline.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mulc"ta*ry</hw> (?), <hw>Mulc"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imposing a pecuniary penalty; consisting
of, or paid as, a fine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fines, or some known <i>mulctuary</i>
punishments.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mule</hw> (m&umacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a she-mule,
L. <i>mula</i>, fem. of <i>mulus</i>; cf. Gr. <grk>my`klos</grk>,
<grk>mychlo`s</grk>.  Cf. AS. <i>m&umacr;l</i>, fr. L. <i>mulus</i>.
Cf. <u>Mulatto</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
hybrid animal; specifically, one generated between an ass and a mare,
sometimes a horse and a she-ass. See <u>Hinny</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Mules are much used as draught animals. They are hardy, and
proverbial for stubbornness.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant or vegetable
produced by impregnating the pistil of one species with the pollen or
fecundating dust of another; -- called also <i>hybrid</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A very stubborn person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A machine, used in factories, for spinning
cotton, wool, etc., into yarn or thread and winding it into cops; --
called also <i>jenny</i> and <i>mule-jenny</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mule armadillo</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a long-
eared armadillo <i>(Tatusia hybrida)</i>, native of Buenos Aires; --
called also <i>mulita</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Armadillo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mule deer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large deer (<i>Cervus, or Cariacus,
macrotis</i>) of the Western United States. The name refers to its
long ears.</cd> -- <col><b>Mule pulley</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>an idle pulley for guiding a belt which transmits motion between
shafts that are not parallel.</cd> -- <col><b>Mule twist</b></col>,
<cd>cotton yarn in cops, as spun on a mule; -- in distinction from
yarn spun on a throstle frame.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mule"-jen`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mule</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu`le*teer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>muletier</i>, fr. <i>mulet</i> a mule, dim. fr. L. <i>mulus</i>.]
<def>One who drives mules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mule"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
fern of the genus <i>Hemionitis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Sawmills)</i> <def>A
stiff, long saw, guided at the ends but not stretched in a
gate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Muley axle</b></col> <i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>a car axle
without collars at the outer ends of the journals.</cd>
<i>Forney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mulley</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu`li*eb"ri*ty</hw>
(m&umacr;`l&ibreve;*&ebreve;b"r&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>muliebritas</i>, fr. <i>muliebris</i>
belonging to a woman, fr. <i>mulier</i> a woman.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being a woman or of possessing full womanly powers;
womanhood; -- correlate of <i>virility</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Effeminancy; softness.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mu"li*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a woman.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Lawful
issue born in wedlock, in distinction from an elder brother born of
the same parents before their marriage; a lawful son.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Civ. Law)</i> <def>A woman; a wife; a
mother.</def>  <i>Blount. Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"li*er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner or
condition of a mulier; in wedlock; legitimately.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mu"li*er*ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mulierosus</i>.] <def>Fond of woman.</def> [R.]  <i>Charles
Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu`li*er*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mulierositas</i>.] <def>A fondness for women.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"li*er*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Condition of being a mulier; position of one born in lawful
wedlock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ish</hw> (m&umacr;l"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like a mule; sullen; stubborn.</def> -- <wf>Mul"ish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Mul"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mull</hw> (m&ubreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. contr. fr.
<i>mossul</i>. See <u>Muslin</u>.] <def>A thin, soft kind of
muslin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>m&umacr;li</i> a
snout, muzzle, projecting crag; or cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>meall</i> a
heap of earth, a mound, a hill or eminence, W. <i>moel</i>.  Cf.
<u>Mouth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A promontory; as, the
<i>Mull</i> of Cantyre.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A snuffbox made of the small end of a
horn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. akin to <i>mold</i>.
&radic;108. See <u>Mold</u>.] <def>Dirt; rubbish.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mull</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mullen</i>. See 2d
<u>Muller</u>.] <def>To powder; to pulverize.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mull</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To work (over)
mentally; to cogitate; to ruminate; -- usually with <i>over</i>; as,
to <i>mull</i> over a thought or a problem.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inferior kind of
madder prepared from the smaller roots or the peelings and refuse of
the larger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mull</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mulled</u> (m&ubreve;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mulling</u>.] [From <i>mulled</i>, for <i>mold</i>,
taken as a p. p.; OE. <i>mold</i>-ale funeral ale or banquet. See
<u>Mold</u> soil.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To heat, sweeten, and
enrich with spices; as, to <i>mull</i> wine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>New cider, <i>mulled</i> with ginger
warm.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dispirit or deaden; to dull or
blunt.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mul"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mollah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`la*ga*taw"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Tamil
<i>milagu-tann&imacr;r</i> pepper water.] <def>An East Indian curry
soup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mollah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A die, cut in
intaglio, for stamping an ornament in relief, as upon
metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"lein</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>moleyn</i>,
AS. <i>molegn</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus
<i>Verbascum</i>.  They are tall herbs having coarse leaves, and
large flowers in dense spikes.  The common species, with densely
woolly leaves, is <i>Verbascum Thapsus</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Moth mullein</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Moth</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mullein foxglove</b></col>, <cd>an American herb (<i>Seymeria
macrophylla</i>) with coarse leaves and yellow tubular flowers with a
spreading border.</cd> -- <col><b>Petty mullein</b></col>, <cd>the
cowslip.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul"len</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Mullein</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mull"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, mulls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel in which wine, etc., is mulled
over a fire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mull"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mullen</i> to
pulverize, bruise; cf. Icel. <i>mylja</i>; prob. akin to E.
<i>mold</i> soil. See <u>Mold</u> soil, and cf. <u>Mull</u> dirt.]
<def>A stone or thick lump of glass, or kind of pestle, flat at the
bottom, used for grinding pigments or drugs, etc., upon a slab of
similar material.</def></p>

<p><hw>M&uuml;l*le"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, Johannes
<i>M&uuml;ller</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>M&uuml;llerian ducts</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a pair
of embryonic ducts which give rise to the genital passages in the
female, but disappear in the male.</cd> -- <col><b>M&uuml;llerian
fibers</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the sustentacular or connective-
tissue fibers which form the framework of the retina.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mul"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>molet</i>,
<i>mulet</i>, F. <i>mulet</i>, fr. L. <i>mullus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
fishes of the genus Mugil; -- called also <i>gray mullets</i>.  They
are found on the coasts of both continents, and are highly esteemed
as food. Among the most valuable species are <i>Mugil capito</i> of
Europe, and <i>M. cephalus</i> which occurs both on the European and
American coasts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of the
genus <i>Mullus</i>, or family <i>Mullid&aelig;</i>; called also
<i>red mullet</i>, and <i>surmullet</i>, esp. the plain surmullet
(<i>Mullus barbatus</i>), and the striped surmullet (<i>M.
surmulletus</i>) of Southern Europe.  The former is the mullet of the
Romans.  It is noted for the brilliancy of its colors. See
<u>Surmullet</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>French mullet</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Ladyfish</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mul"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>molette</i>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A star, usually five pointed and pierced; -- when
used as a difference it indicates the third son.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>molet</i> a sort
of pinchers.] <def>Small pinchers for curling the hair.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mul"ley</hw> (?), <hw>Mool"ley</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[CF. Gael. <i>maolag</i> a hornless cow, <i>maol</i> bald, hornless,
blunt.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mulley or polled animal.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cow.</def> [Prov. Eng.; U.S., a child's
word.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Leave milking and dry up old <i>mulley</i>, thy
cow.</blockquote> <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mul"ley</hw> (?), <hw>Mool"ley</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Destitute of horns, although belonging to a species of animals
most of which have horns; hornless; polled; as, <i>mulley</i> cattle;
a <i>mulley</i> (or <i>moolley</i>) cow.</def> [U. S.] [Written also
<i>muley</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mul`li*ga*taw"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mullagatawny</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"li*grubs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>mull</i> to squeeze, pull about, <i>mulling</i> numb or dull.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A griping of the intestines; colic.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whose dog lies sick of the
<i>mulligrubs</i>?</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, sullenness; the sulks.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Mul"lin*gong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Duck mole</i>, under
<u>Duck</u>.</def> [Written also <i>mollingong</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mul"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>munnion</i>, F. <i>moignon</i> stump of an amputated limb, stump,
OF. <i>moing</i> mutilated; cf. Armor. <i>mo&ntilde;</i>,
<i>mou&ntilde;</i>, <i>mank</i>, <i>monk</i>, and also L.
<i>mancus</i> maimed.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
slender bar or pier which forms the division between the lights of
windows, screens, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An upright
member of a framing. See <u>Stile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"lion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with
mullions; to divide by mullions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Mull</u>
dirt: cf. Scot. <i>mulloch</i>, <i>mulock</i>, crumb. &radic;108.]
<def>Rubbish; refuse; dirt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All this <i>mullok</i> [was] in a sieve
ythrowe.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul"loid</hw> (m&ubreve;l"loid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Mullus</i>, generic name (fr. L. <i>mullus</i> surmullet) + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the genus
<i>Mullus</i>, which includes the surmullet, or red mullet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"mul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fine, soft
muslin; mull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mulse</hw> (m&ubreve;ls), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mulsum</i> (sc. <i>vinum</i>), fr. <i>mulsus</i> mixed with honey,
honey-sweet, p. p. of <i>mulcere</i> to sweeten, soften.] <def>Wine
boiled and mingled with honey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mult-</hw>. <def>See <u>Multi-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tan"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multangulus</i>; <i>multus</i> much, many + <i>angulus</i> angle:
cf. F. <i>multangulaire</i>.] <def>Having many angles.</def> --
<wf>Mul*tan"gu*lar*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mul*tan"gu*lar*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tan"i*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mult-</i> +
L. <i>animus</i> mind.] <def>Many-minded; many-sided.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>multanimous</i> nature of the
poet.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul`tar*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mult-
</i> + <i>articulate</i>.] <def>Having many articulations or
joints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*te"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>multus</i>
much, many.] <def>Multiplicity.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mul"ti-</hw> (?), <hw>Mult-</hw> (?) }. [L. <i>multus</i>
much.] <def>A prefix signifying <i>much</i> or <i>many</i>;
<i>several</i>; <i>more than one</i>; as, <i>multi</i>axial,
<i>mult</i>ocular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*ax"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> +
<i>axial</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having more than one axis;
developing in more than a single line or plain; -- opposed to
<i>monoaxial</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*cap"su*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-
</i> + <i>capsular</i>: cf. F. <i>multicapsulaire</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having many, or several, capsules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*car"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-
</i> + <i>carinate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Many-
keeled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*ca"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multicavus</i>; <i>multus</i> much, many + <i>cavum</i>,
<i>cavus</i>, a cavity, hole, fr. <i>cavus</i> hollow.] <def>Having
many cavities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*cel"lu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of, or having, many cells or more than one
cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*cen"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>central</i>.] <def>Having many, or several, centers; as, a
<i>multicentral</i> cell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Multicentral development</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>,
<cd>growth, or development, from several centers. According as the
insubordination to a single center is more or less pronounced, the
resultant organism will be more or less irregular in form and may
even become discontinuous.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ L. <i>caput</i> head.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having many heads or many
stems from one crown or root.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*col`or</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Multi-
</u>, and <u>Color</u>.] <def>Having many, or several,
colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*cos"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>costate</i>.] <def>Having numerous ribs, or cost&aelig;, as the
leaf of a plant, or as certain shells and corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*cus"pid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <i>Multi-
</i>, and <i>Cuspid</i>.] <def>Multicuspidate; -- said of
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*cus"pi*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-
</i> + <i>cuspidate</i>.] <def>Having many cusps or points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*den"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>dentate</i>.] <def>Having many teeth, or toothlike
processes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*dig"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-
</i> + <i>digitate</i>.] <def>Having many fingers, or fingerlike
processes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> +
<i>face</i>.] <def>Having many faces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*fa"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multifarius</i>; <i>multus</i> much, many.  Cf. <u>Bifarious</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having multiplicity; having great diversity
or variety; of various kinds; diversified; made up of many differing
parts; manifold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>multifarious</i> artifice in the
structure of the meanest animal.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having parts, as leaves,
arranged in many vertical rows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*fa"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
great multiplicity and diversity; with variety of modes and
relations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*fa"ri*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Multiplied diversity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The fault of improperly
uniting in one bill distinct and independent matters, and thereby
confounding them.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multifer</i>; <i>multus</i> much, many + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<def>Bearing or producing much or many.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*fid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multifidus</i>; <i>multus</i> much, many + <i>findere</i> to
split: cf. F. <i>multifide</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having many
segments; cleft into several parts by linear sinuses; as, a
<i>multifid</i> leaf or corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*flo"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multiflorus</i>; <i>multus</i> much, many + <i>flos</i>,
<i>floris</i>, flower: cf. F. <i>multiflore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having many flowers.</def></p>

<p><! p. 953 !></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*flue</hw> (m&ubreve;l"t&ibreve;*fl&umacr;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> + <i>flue</i>.] <def>Having many
flues; as, a <i>multiflue</i> boiler. See <u>Boiler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*foil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> +
<i>foil</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornamental foliation consisting
of more than five divisions or foils.</def> [R.] See <u>Foil</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*foil</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having more than
five divisions or foils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*fold</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> +
<i>fold</i>.] <def>Many times doubled; manifold; numerous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multiformis</i>; <i>multus</i> much, many + <i>forma</i> shape:
cf. F. <i>multiforme</i>.] <def>Having many forms, shapes, or
appearances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A plastic and <i>multiform</i> unit.</blockquote>
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*form"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multiformitas</i>.] <def>The quality of being multiform; diversity
of forms; variety of appearances in the same thing.</def>
<i>Purchas.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*form"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Multiform.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*gen"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multigenerus</i>; <i>multus</i> + <i>genus</i>, <i>generis</i>,
kind.] <def>Having many kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*gran"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-
</i> + <i>granulate</i>.] <def>Having, or consisting of, many
grains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tij"u*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having many
pairs of leaflets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tij"u*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multijugus</i>; <i>multus</i> + <i>jugum</i> yoke.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of many parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Multijugate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*lat"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>lateral</i>.] <def>Having many sides; many-sided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*lin"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>lineal</i>.] <def>Having many lines.</def>  <i>Steevens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*lo"bar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> +
<i>lobar</i>.] <def>Consisting of, or having, many lobes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*loc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>locular</i>: cf. F. <i>multiloculaire</i>.] <def>Having many or
several cells or compartments; as, a <i>multilocular</i> shell or
capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*til"o*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality
of being multiloquent; use of many words; talkativeness.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mul*til"o*quent</hw> (?), <hw>Mul*til"o*quous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>multiloquus</i>; <i>multus</i> much, many
+ <i>loqui</i> to speak.] <def>Speaking much; very talkative;
loquacious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*til"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multiloquium</i>.] <def>Excess of words or talk.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*no"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> +
<i>nodate</i>.] <def>Having many knots or nodes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*no"dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multinodus</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Multinodate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*no"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-
</i> + <i>-nomial</i>, as in binomial. See <u>Binomial</u>.]
<i>(Alg.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Polynomial</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mul`ti*nom"i*nal</hw> (?), <hw>Mul`ti*nom"i*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>multinominis</i>; <i>multus</i> many +
<i>nomen nominis</i> name.] <def>Having many names or
terms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*nu"cle*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>nuclear</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Containing many nuclei; as,
<i>multinuclear</i> cells.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mul`ti*nu"cle*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Mul`ti*nu"cle*a`ted</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Multinuclear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> +
L. <i>parere</i> to produce: cf. F. <i>multipare</i>.] <def>Producing
many, or more than one, at a birth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tip"ar*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multipartitus multus</i> much, many <i>partitus</i> divided, p.
p.: cf. F. <i>multipartite</i>. See <u>Partite</u>.] <def>Divided
into many parts; having several parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>multipes</i>,
<i>multipeda</i>; <i>multus</i> much, many + <i>pes</i>,
<i>pedis</i>, foot: cf. F. <i>multip&egrave;de</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect having many feet, as a
myriapod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*ped</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having many
feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>multiple</i>, and E. <i>quadruple</i>, and <i>multiply</i>.]
<def>Containing more than once, or more than one; consisting of more
than one; manifold; repeated many times; having several, or many,
parts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Law of multiple proportion</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>the generalization that when the same elements unite in more than
one proportion, forming two or more different compounds, the higher
proportions of the elements in such compounds are simple multiples of
the lowest proportion, or the proportions are connected by some
simple common factor; thus, iron and oxygen unite in the proportions
FeO, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, in
which compounds, considering the oxygen, 3 and 4 are simple
multiplies of 1. Called also the <i>Law of Dalton</i>, from its
discoverer.</cd> -- <col><b>Multiple algebra</b></col>, <cd>a branch
of advanced mathematics that treats of operations upon units
compounded of two or more unlike units.</cd> -- <col><b>Multiple
conjugation</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a coalescence of many cells
(as where an indefinite number of am&oelig;boid cells flow together
into a single mass) from which conjugation proper and even
fertilization may have been evolved.</cd> -- <col><b>Multiple
fruits</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Collective fruit</i>,
under <u>Collective</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Multiple star</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>several stars in close proximity, which appear
to form a single system.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A
quantity containing another quantity a number of times without a
remainder.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <col><b>common multiple</b></col> of two or more numbers
contains each of them a number of times exactly; thus, 24 is a
<i>common multiple</i> of 3 and 4. The <col><b>least common
multiple</b></col> is the least number that will do this; thus, 12 is
the <i>least common multiple</i> of 3 and 4.</p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*plex</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multiplex</i>, <i>-plicis</i>. See <u>Multiply</u>.]
<def>Manifold; multiple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*pli`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>multipliable</i>.] <def>Capable of being multiplied.</def> --
<wf>Mul"ti*pli`a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*pli*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multiplicabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being multiplied;
multipliable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*pli*cand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multiplicandus</i> to be multiplied: cf. F. <i>multiplicande</i>.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>The number which is to be multiplied by another
number called the <i>multiplier</i>. See Note under
<u>Multiplication</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multiplicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>multiplicare</i>. See
<u>Multiply</u>.] <def>Consisting of many, or of more than one;
multiple; multifold.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Multiplicate flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a flower
that is double, or has an unusual number of petals in consequence of
the abnormal multiplication of the parts of the floral
whorls.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multiplicatio</i>: cf. F. <i>multiplication</i>. See
<u>Multiply</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
multiplying, or of increasing in number; the state of being
multiplied; as, the <i>multiplication</i> of the human species by
natural generation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The increase and <i>multiplication</i> of the
world.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The process of repeating,
or adding to itself, any given number or quantity a certain number of
times; commonly, the process of ascertaining by a briefer computation
the result of such repeated additions; also, the rule by which the
operation is performed; -- the reverse of <i>division</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>multiplication</i> is sometimes used in
mathematics, particularly in multiple algebra, to denote any
distributive operation expressed by one symbol upon any quantity or
any thing expressed by another symbol. Corresponding extensions of
meaning are given to the words <i>multiply</i>, <i>multiplier</i>,
<i>multiplicand</i>, and <i>product</i>. Thus, since &phi;(<i>x +
y</i>) = &phi;<i>x</i> + &phi;<i>y</i> (see under
<u>Distributive</u>), where &phi;(<i>x + y</i>), &phi;<i>x</i>, and
&phi;<i>y</i> indicate the results of any distributive operation
represented by the symbol &phi; upon <i>x + y</i>, <i>x</i>, and
<i>y</i>, severally, then because of many very useful analogies
&phi;(<i>x + y</i>) is called the <i>product</i> of &phi; and <i>x +
y</i>, and the operation indicated by &phi; is called
<i>multiplication</i>.  Cf. <u>Facient</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An increase above the normal
number of parts, especially of petals; augmentation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The art of increasing gold or silver by
magic, -- attributed formerly to the alchemists.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Multiplication table</b></col>, <cd>a table giving the
product of a set of numbers multiplied in some regular way; commonly,
a table giving the products of the first ten or twelve numbers
multiplied successively by 1, 2, 3, etc., up to 10 or 12.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*pli*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>multiplicatif</i>.] <def>Tending to multiply; having the power to
multiply, or incease numbers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*pli*ca*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as
to multiply.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*pli*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>multiplicateur</i>.  Cf. <u>Multiplier</u>.] <def>The number by
which another number is multiplied; a multiplier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*pli"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Multiplex</u>.] <def>Manifold.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*plic"ity</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>multiplicit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being multiple,
manifold, or various; a state of being many; a multitude; as, a
<i>multiplicity</i> of thoughts or objects.</def> "A
<i>multiplicity</i> of goods."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*pli`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>multiplier</i>.  Cf. <u>Multiplicator</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, multiplies or increases
number.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The number by which another
number is multiplied. See the Note under
<u>Multiplication</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for
multiplying or increasing by repetition or accumulation the intensity
of a force or action, as heat or electricity. It is particularly used
to render such a force or action appreciable or measurable when
feeble. See <u>Thermomultiplier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*ply</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Multiplied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Multiplying</u> (?).] [F. <i>multiplier</i>, L.
<i>multiplicare</i>, fr. <i>multiplex</i> manifold. See
<u>Multitude</u>, <u>Complex</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
increase in number; to make more numerous; to add quantity
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Impunity will <i>multiply</i> motives to
disobedience.</blockquote> <i>Ames.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To add (any given number or
quantity) to itself a certain number of times; to find the product of
by multiplication; thus 7 <i>multiplied</i> by 8 produces the number
56; to <i>multiply</i> two numbers. See the Note under
<u>Multiplication</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To increase (the amount of gold or silver)
by the arts of alchemy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Multiplying gear</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>gear for
increasing speed.</cd> -- <col><b>Multiplying lens</b></col>.
<i>(Opt.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Lens</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*ply</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become greater in number; to become numerous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When men began to <i>multiply</i> on the face of the
earth, and daughters were born unto them.</blockquote> <i>Gen. vi.
1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To increase in extent and influence; to
spread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word of God grew and
<i>multiplied</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xii. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To increase amount of gold or silver by
the arts of alchemy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*po"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> +
<i>polar</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having many poles; -- applied
especially to those ganglionic nerve cells which have several
radiating processes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tip"o*tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multipotens</i>; <i>multus</i> much + <i>potens</i> powerful. See
<u>Potent</u>.] <def>Having manifold power, or power to do many
things.</def> "Jove <i>multipotent</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*pres"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or power of being multipresent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>multipresence</i> of Christ's
body.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*pres"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>present</i>, a.] <def>Being, or having the power to be, present
in two or more places at once.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*ra"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>radiate</i>.] <def>Having many rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*ram"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-
</i> + p. p. of <i>ramify</i>.] <def>Divided into many
branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*ra*mose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>ramose</i>.] <def>Having many branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tis"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multiscius</i>; <i>multus</i> much + <i>scius</i> knowing, fr.
<i>scire</i> to know.] <def>Having much or varied knowledge.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*sect</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> + L.
<i>sectus</i>, p. p. of <i>secare</i> to cut.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Divided into many similar segments; -- said of an insect or
myriapod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*sep"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>septate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided into many chambers by
partitions, as the pith of the pokeweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*se"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>serial</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Arranged in many rows, or
series, as the scales of a pine cone, or the leaves of the
houseleek.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*sil"i*quous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-
</i> + <i>siliquious</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having many pods or
seed vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tis"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multisonus</i>; <i>multus</i> much, many + <i>sonus</i> sound.]
<def>Having many sounds, or sounding much.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*spi"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> +
<i>spiral</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having numerous spiral coils
round a center or nucleus; -- said of the opercula of certain
shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*stri"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>striate</i>.] <def>Having many streaks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*sul"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>sulcate</i>.] <def>Having many furrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*syl`la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-
</i> + <i>syllable</i>.] <def>A word of many syllables; a
polysyllable.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Mul`ti*syl*lab"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*tit"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>titular</i>.] <def>Having many titles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*tu"bu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>tubular</i>.] <def>Having many tubes; as, a <i>multitubular</i>
boiler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>multitude</i>, L. <i>multitudo</i>, <i>multitudinis</i>, fr.
<i>multus</i> much, many; of unknown origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A great number of persons collected together; a numerous
collection of persons; a crowd; an assembly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But when he saw the <i>multitudes</i>, he was moved
with compassion on them.</blockquote> <i>Matt. ix. 36.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A great number of persons or things,
regarded collectively; as, the book will be read by a
<i>multitude</i> of people; the <i>multitude</i> of stars; a
<i>multitude</i> of cares.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a fault in a <i>multitude</i> of preachers, that
they utterly neglect method in their harangues.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>multitude</i> of flowers<BR>
As countless as the stars on high.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being many;
numerousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They came as grasshoppers for
<i>multitude</i>.</blockquote> <i>Judg. vi. 5.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The multitude</b></col>, <cd>the populace; the mass of
men.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Throng; crowd; assembly; assemblage; commonalty;
swarm; populace; vulgar. See <u>Throng</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*tu"di*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Multitudinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*tu"di*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of a multitude; manifold in number
or condition; as, <i>multitudinous</i> waves.</def> "The
<i>multitudinous</i> seas."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A renewed jingling of <i>multitudinous</i>
chains.</blockquote> <i>G. Kennan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a multitude.</def>
"The <i>multitudinous</i> tongue."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Mul`ti*tu"di*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mul`ti*tu"di*nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mul*tiv"a*gant</hw> (?), <hw>Mul*tiv"a*gous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>multivagus</i>; <i>multus</i> much +
<i>vagus</i> wandering; cf. <i>vagans</i>, p. pr. of <i>vagari</i>.
See <u>Vagary</u>.] <def>Wandering much.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mul*tiv"a*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Quality, state, or degree, of a multivalent element, atom, or
radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tiv"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> +
L. <i>valens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Valence</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having a valence greater than one, as
silicon.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having more than one degree
of valence, as sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*valve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>multivalve</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any mollusk which has a
shell composed of more than two pieces.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mul"ti*valve</hw> (?), <hw>Mul`ti*val"vu*lar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> + <i>valve</i>, <i>valvular</i>:
cf. F. <i>multivalve</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having many
valves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Many-valved; having
more than two valves; -- said of certain shells, as the
chitons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tiv"er*sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ L. <i>versans</i>, p. pr. See <u>Versant</u>.] <def>Turning into
many shapes; assuming many forms; protean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tiv"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [L.
<i>multivius</i>; <i>multus</i> many + <i>via</i> way.] <def>Having
many ways or roads; by many ways.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mul*tiv"o*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> +
<i>vocal</i>.] <def>Signifying many different things; of manifold
meaning; equivocal.</def> "An ambiguous <i>multivocal</i> word."
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p>-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A multivocal word.</def> [R.]
<i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mul*toc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i> +
L. <i>oculus</i> eye.] <def>Having many eyes, or more than
two.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An extract of
quassia licorice, fraudulently used by brewers in order to economize
malt and hops.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hard multum</b></col>, <cd>a preparation made from
<i>Cocculus Indicus</i>, etc., used to impart an intoxicating quality
to beer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mul*tun"gu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Multi-</i>
+ <i>ungulate</i>.] <def>Having many hoofs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>multure</i>,
<i>moulture</i>, F. <i>mouture</i>, fr. L. <i>molitura</i> a
grinding, <i>molere</i> to grind. See <u>Mill</u> the machine.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The toll for grinding
grain.</def>  <i>Erskine.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grist or grinding; the grain
ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mum</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Of imitative origin.  Cf.
<u>Mumble</u>.] <def>Silent; not speaking.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The citizens are <i>mum</i>, and speak not a
word.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mum</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Be silent!
Hush!</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mum</i>, then, and no more.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Silence.</def> [R.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>mummere</i>, fr.
Christian <i>Mumme</i>, who first brewed it in 1492.] <def>A sort of
strong beer, originally made in Brunswick, Germany.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The clamorous crowd is hushed with mugs of
<i>mum</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mumbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mumbling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>momelen</i>; cf. D. <i>mompelen</i>,
<i>mommelen</i>, G. <i>mummelen</i>, Sw. <i>mumla</i>, Dan.
<i>mumle</i>.  Cf. <u>Mum</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Mumm</u>,
<u>Mump</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To speak
with the lips partly closed, so as to render the sounds inarticulate
and imperfect; to utter words in a grumbling indistinct manner,
indicating discontent or displeasure; to mutter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Peace, you <i>mumbling</i> fool.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A wrinkled hag, with age grown double,<BR>
Picking dry sticks, and <i>mumbling</i> to herself.</blockquote>
<i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To chew something gently with closed
lips.</def></p>

<p><! p. 954 !></p>

<p><hw>Mum"ble</hw> (m&ubreve;m"b'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter with a low, inarticulate
voice.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To chew or bite gently, as one without
teeth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gums unarmed, to <i>mumble</i> meat in
vain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suppress, or utter
imperfectly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mum"ble*news`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
talebearer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mum"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
mumbles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mum"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Low; indistinct;
inarticulate.</def> -- <wf>Mum"bling*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mum"bo Jum`bo</hw> (?). <def>An object of superstitious homage
and fear.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The miserable <i>Mumbo Jumbo</i> they
paraded.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mum"-chance`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A game of hazard played with cards in silence.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]  <i>Decker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A silent, stupid person.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mum"-chance`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Silent and
idle.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Boys can't sit <i>mum-chance</i> always.</blockquote>
<i>J. H. Ewing.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mumm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mummed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mumming</u>.] [D. <i>mimmen</i> to mask, <i>mom</i> a mask; akin
to G. <i>mumme</i> disguise; prob. of imitative origin, and akin to
E. <i>mum</i>, <i>mumble</i>, in allusion to the indistinctness of
speech occasioned by talking from behind a mask.  Cf. <u>Mumble</u>,
<u>Mummery</u>.] <def>To sport or make diversion in a mask or
disguise; to mask.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>mumming</i> and with masking all
around.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mumm"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>mommeur</i>. See <u>Mumm</u>, and cf. <u>Momier</u>.] <def>One who
mumms, or makes diversion in disguise; a masker; a buffon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jugglers and dancers, antics,
<i>mummers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mum"mer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mummeries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>momerie</i>, of Dutch or
German origin. See <u>Mumm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Masking;
frolic in disguise; buffoonery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mummery</i> of foreign strollers.</blockquote>
<i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Farcical show; hypocritical disguise and
parade or ceremonies.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mum"mi*chog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Amer. Indian
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of small
American cyprinodont fishes of the genus <i>Fundulus</i>, and of
allied genera; the killifishes; -- called also <i>minnow</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>mummychog</i>, <i>mummachog</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mum`mi*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Mummify</u>.] <def>The act of making a mummy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mum"mi*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Converted into
a mummy or a mummylike substance; having the appearance of a mummy;
withered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mum"mi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mummy</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having some resemblance to a mummy; -- in
zo&ouml;logy, said of the pup&aelig; of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mum"mi*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mummified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mummifying</u> (?).] [<i>Mummy</i> + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F.
<i>momifier</i>.] <def>To embalm and dry as a mummy; to make into, or
like, a mummy.</def>  <i>Hall (1646).</i></p>

<p><hw>Mum"my</hw> (m&ubreve;m"m&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Mummies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>momie</i>; cf. Sp. &
Pg. <i>momia</i>, It. <i>mummia</i>; all fr. Per.
<i>m&umacr;miy&amacr;</i>, fr. <i>m&umacr;m</i> wax.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dead body embalmed and dried after the
manner of the ancient Egyptians; also, a body preserved, by any
means, in a dry state, from the process of putrefaction.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dried flesh of a mummy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir. J. Hill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gummy liquor that exudes from embalmed
flesh when heated; -- formerly supposed to have magical and medicinal
properties.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A brown color obtained from bitumen. See
<i>Mummy brown</i> (below).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gardening)</i> <def>A sort of wax used in
grafting, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>One whose affections and energies are
withered.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mummy brown</b></col>, <cd>a brown color, nearly
intermediate in tint between burnt umber and raw umber. A pigment of
this color is prepared from bitumen, etc., obtained from Egyptian
tombs.</cd> -- <col><b>Mummy wheat</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>wheat
found in the ancient mummy cases of Egypt.  No botanist now believes
that genuine mummy wheat has been made to germinate in modern
times.</cd> -- <col><b>To beat to a mummy</b></col>, <cd>to beat to a
senseless mass; to beat soundly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mum"my</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mummied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mummying</u>.] <def>To embalm; to mummify.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mum"my*chog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Mummichog</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mump</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Akin to <i>mumble</i>;
cf. D. <i>mompen</i> to cheat; perh. orig., to whine like a beggar,
D. <i>mompelen</i> to mumble. See <u>Mumble</u>, <u>Mum</u>, and cf.
<u>Mumps</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move the lips with the
mouth closed; to mumble, as in sulkiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>mumps</i>, and lovers, and hangs the
lip.</blockquote> <i>Taylor, 1630.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To talk imperfectly, brokenly, or feebly;
to chatter unintelligibly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cheat; to deceive; to play the
beggar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And then when <i>mumping</i> with a sore leg, . . .
canting and whining.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be sullen or sulky.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mump</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mumped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mumping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter imperfectly,
brokenly, or feebly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old men who <i>mump</i> their passion.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To work over with the mouth; to mumble;
as, to <i>mump</i> food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of (something) by cheating; to
impose upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mump"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A beggar; a
begging impostor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Deceived by the tales of a Lincoln's Inn
<i>mumper</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mump"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sullen, sulky.</def>
-- <wf>Mump"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mump"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mumps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>mump</i> to
be sulky.  Cf. <u>Mump</u>, <u>Mumble</u>, and <u>Mum</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Sullenness; silent displeasure;
the sulks.</def>  <i>Skinner.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Prob. so called from the patient's
appearance.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A specific infectious febrile
disorder characterized by a nonsuppurative inflammation of the
parotid glands; epidemic or infectious parotitis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mouth</u>.]
<def>The mouth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One a penny, two a penny, hot cross buns,<BR>
Butter them and sugar them and put them in your
<i>muns</i>.</blockquote> <i>Old Rhyme. Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Munch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Munched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Munching</u>.] [Prob. akin to <i>mumble</i>: cf. also F.
<i>manger</i> to eat (cf. <u>Mange</u>), and <i>m&acirc;cher</i> to
cher (cf. <u>Masticate</u>). See <u>Mumble</u>.] <def>To chew with a
grinding, crunching sound, as a beast chews provender; to chew
deliberately or in large mouthfuls.</def> [Formerly written also
<i>maunch</i> and <i>mounch</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I could <i>munch</i> your good dry oats.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mun*chau"sen*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called in
allusion to Baron <i>Munchausen's</i> extravagant tales of travel.]
<def>An extravagant fiction embodying an account of some marvelous
exploit or adventure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Munch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
munches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mund</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mun"dane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mundanus</i>,
fr. <i>mundus</i> the world, an implement, toilet adornments, or
dress; cf. <i>mundus</i>, a., clean, neat, Skr.
<i>ma&nsdot;&dsdot;</i> to adorn, dress, <i>ma&nsdot;&dsdot;a</i>
adornment.  Cf. <u>Monde</u>, <u>Mound</u> in heraldry.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the world; worldly; earthly; terrestrial; as, the
<i>mundane</i> sphere.</def> -- <wf>Mun"dane*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The defilement of <i>mundane</i>
passions.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mun*dan"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Worldliness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mun*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mundatio</i>, fr. <i>mundare</i> to make clean.] <def>The act of
cleansing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mun"da*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mundatorius</i>.] <def>Cleansing; having power to cleanse.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mun"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Iron pyrites, or
arsenical pyrites; -- so called by the Cornish miners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mun*dif"i*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mundificans</i>, p. pr. of <i>mundificare</i> to make clean, fr.
<i>mundus</i> clean + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-
fy</u>.] <def>Serving to cleanse and heal.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mundificant ointment or
plaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mun`di*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or operation of cleansing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mun*dif"i*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cleansing.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A detergent
medicine or preparation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mun"di*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mondifier</i>, L. <i>mundificare</i>. See <u>Mundificant</u>.]
<def>To cleanse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mun"dil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A turban
ornamented with an imitation of gold or silver embroidery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mun*div"a*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mundus</i> the world + <i>vagans</i> wandering, p. pr. of
<i>vagari</i>. See <u>Vagary</u>.] <def>Wandering over the
world.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mun*dun"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>mondongo</i> paunch, tripe, black pudding.] <def>A stinking
tobacco.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ner*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>munerarius</i>, from <i>munus</i> a gift.] <def>Having the nature
of a gift.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mu"ner*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>muneratus</i>, p. p. of <i>munerare</i> to give, bestow, fr.
<i>munus</i> a gift.] <def>To remunerate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu`ner*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>muneratio</i>.] <def>Remuneration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mung</hw> (m&ubreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>m&umacr;ng</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Green gram, a kind of pulse
(<i>Phaseolus Mungo</i>), grown for food in British India.</def>
<i>Balfour (Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Mun"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <i>Bonnet monkey</i>, under <u>Bonnet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mung"corn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Mangcorn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mun"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fibrous material
obtained by deviling rags or the remnants of woolen goods.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Mungo</i> properly signifies the disintegrated rags of
woolen cloth, as distinguished from those of worsted, which form
shoddy. The distinction is very commonly disregarded.  <i>Beck
(Draper's Dict. ).</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mun"goose</hw>, <hw>Mun"goos</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Mongoose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mun"grel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mongrel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*nic"i*pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>municipalis</i>, fr. <i>municipium</i> a town, particularly in
Italy, which possessed the right of Roman citizenship, but was
governed by its own laws, a free town, fr. <i>municeps</i> an
inhabitant of a free town, a free citizen; <i>munia</i> official
duties, functions + <i>capere</i> to take: cf. F. <i>municipal</i>.
Cf. <u>Immunity</u>, and <u>Capacoius</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a city or a corporation having the right of
administering local government; as, <i>municipal</i> rights;
<i>municipal</i> officers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a state, kingdom, or
nation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Municipal</i> law is properly defined to be a rule
of civil conduct prescribed by the supreme power in a
state.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu*nic"i*pal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Municipal
condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*nic`i*pal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Municipalities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>municipalit&eacute;</i>.] <def>A municipal district; a borough,
city, or incorporated town or village.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*nic"i*pal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
municipal relation or condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*nif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Munificent</u>.] <def>Munificent; liberal.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mu*nif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>munificatus</i>, p. p. of <i>munificare</i> to present with a
thing, fr. <i>munificus</i>. See <u>Munificent</u>.] <def>To
enrich.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mu*nif"i*cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>munire</i> to fortify.] <def>Means of defense;
fortification.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu*nif"i*cence</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>munificentia</i>: cf. F. <i>munificence</i>.] <def>The quality or
state of being munificent; a giving or bestowing with extraordinary
liberality; generous bounty; lavish generosity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The virtues of liberality and
<i>munificence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Benevolence; beneficence; liberality; generosity;
bounty; bounteousness. See <u>Benevolence</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mu*nif"i*cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>munificus</i>; <i>munus</i> service, gift + <i>-ficare</i> (in
comp.) to make.  Cf. <u>Immunity</u>, <u>-fy</u>.] <def>Very liberal
in giving or bestowing; lavish; as, a <i>munificent</i>
benefactor.</def> -- <wf>Mu*nif"i*cent*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bounteous; bountiful; liberal; generous.</p>

<p><hw>Mu"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Munificate</u>.] <def>To prepare for defense; to fortify.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mu"ni*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>munimentum</i>, fr. <i>munire</i> to fortify. See
<u>Munition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of supporting or
defending.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which supports or defends;
stronghold; place or means of defense; munition; assistance.</def>
"Other <i>muniments</i> and petty helps."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A record; the evidences or
writings whereby a man is enabled to defend the title to his estate;
title deeds and papers.</def>  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Muniment</b></col> <col><b>house or room</b></col>,
<cd>that room in a cathedral, castle, or other public building, which
is used for keeping the records, charters, seals, deeds, and the
like.</cd>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu*nite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>munitus</i>,
p. p. of <i>munire</i> to wall, fortify.] <def>To fortify; to
strengthen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mu*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., munition of
war, L. <i>munitio</i> a fortifying, fortification, fr. <i>munire</i>
to fortify, defend with a wall; cf. <i>moenia</i> walls, <i>murus</i>
(for <i>moirus</i>) a wall, and Skr. <i>mi</i> to fix, make firm.
Cf. <u>Ammunition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fortification;
stronghold.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His place of defense shall be the <i>munitions</i> of
rocks.</blockquote> <i>Is. xxxiii. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whatever materials are used in war for
defense or for annoying an enemy; ammunition; also, stores and
provisions; military stores of all kinds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bodies of men, <i>munition</i>, and money, may
justly be called the sinews of war.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Immunity</u>.]
<def>Freedom; security; immunity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mun*jeet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>maj&imacr;&tsdot;h</i> a drug used for dyeing red.] <def>See
<i>Indian madder</i>, under <u>Madder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mun"jis*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An orange-red coloring substance resembling alizarin, found in
the root of an East Indian species of madder (<i>Rubia
munjista</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mun"nion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mullion</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mun"tin</hw> (?), <hw>Mun"ting</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Montant</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Mullion</u>; -- especially used in joiner's work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Munt"jac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of small Asiatic deer of the genus
<i>Cervulus</i>, esp. <i>C. muntjac</i>, which occurs both in India
and on the East Indian Islands.</def> [Written also
<i>muntjak</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Muntz" met`al</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Metal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mu*r&aelig;"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of large eels of the family
<i>Mur&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>. They differ from the common eel in
lacking pectoral fins and in having the dorsal and anal fins
continuous.  The murry (<i>Mur&aelig;na Helen&aelig;</i>) of Southern
Europe was the mur&aelig;na of the Romans. It is highly valued as a
food fish.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mu*r&aelig;"noid</hw>, <hw>Mu*re"noid</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Mur&aelig;na</i>, the generic name +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
genus Mur&aelig;na, or family <i>Mur&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"rage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>murer</i>
to wall, fr. <i>mur</i> wall, L. <i>murus</i>. See <u>Mure</u> a
wall.] <def>A tax or toll paid for building or repairing the walls of
a fortified town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>muralis</i>, fr. <i>murus</i> wall. See <u>Mure</u> a wall.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a wall; being on, or in,
a wall; growing on, or against, a wall; as, a <i>mural</i>
quadrant.</def> "<i>Mural</i> breach." <i>Milton.</i> "<i>Mural</i>
fruit." <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a wall; perpendicular or steep;
as, a <i>mural</i> precipice.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mural circle</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a graduated
circle, in the plane of the meridian, attached permanently to a
perpendicular wall; -- used for measuring arcs of the meridian. See
<u>Circle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Mural
crown</b></col> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>, <cd>a golden crown, or circle
of gold indented so as to resemble a battlement, bestowed on him who
first mounted the wall of a besieged place, and there lodged a
standard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mur"der</hw> (m&ucirc;r"d&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>morder</i>, <i>morther</i>, AS. <i>mor&eth;or</i>, fr.
<i>mor&eth;</i> murder; akin to D. <i>moord</i>, OS. <i>mor&eth;</i>,
G., Dan., &amp; Sw. <i>mord</i>, Icel. <i>mor&eth;</i>, Goth.
<i>ma&uacute;r&thorn;r</i>, OSlav. <i>mr&emacr;ti</i> to die, Lith.
<i>mirti</i>, W. <i>marw</i> dead, L. <i>mors</i>, <i>mortis</i>,
death, <i>mori</i>, <i>moriri</i>, to die, Gr. <grk>broto`s</grk>
(for <grk>mroto`s</grk>) mortal, <grk>'a`mbrotos</grk> immortal, Skr.
<i>m&rsdot;</i> to die, <i>m&rsdot;ta</i> death.  &radic;105.  Cf.
<u>Amaranth</u>, <u>Ambrosia</u>, <u>Mortal</u>.] <def>The offense of
killing a human being with malice prepense or aforethought, express
or implied; intentional and unlawful homicide.</def> "<i>Mordre</i>
will out."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The killing of their children had, in the account of
God, the guilt of <i>murder</i>, as the offering them to idols had
the guilt of idolatry.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Slaughter grows <i>murder</i> when it goes too
far.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Murder in the second degree</i>, in most jurisdictions,
is a malicious homicide committed without a specific intention to
take life.  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mur"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Murdered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Murdering</u>.] [OE. <i>mortheren</i>, <i>murtheren</i>, AS.
<i>myr&eth;rian</i>; akin to OHG. <i>murdiren</i>, Goth.
<i>ma&uacute;r&thorn;rjan</i>. See <u>Murder</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To kill with
premediated malice; to kill (a human being) willfully, deliberately,
and unlawfully. See <u>Murder</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To destroy; to put an end to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Canst thou] <i>murder</i> thy breath in middle of a
word?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mutilate, spoil, or deform, as if with
malice or cruelty; to mangle; as, to <i>murder</i> the king's
English.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To kill; assassinate; slay. See <u>Kill</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 955 !></p>

<p><hw>Mur"der*er</hw> (m&ucirc;r"d&etilde;r*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One guilty of murder; a
person who, in possession of his reason, unlawfully kills a human
being with premeditated malice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small cannon, formerly used for clearing
a ship's decks of boarders; -- called also <i>murdering
piece</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mur"der*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
commits murder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mur"der*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Murder.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Farfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mur"der*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to murder; characterized by, or causing, murder or
bloodshed; having the purpose or quality of murder; bloody;
sanguinary; as, the <i>murderous</i> king; <i>murderous</i> rapine;
<i>murderous</i> intent; a <i>murderous</i> assault.</def>
"<i>Murderous</i> coward." <i>Shak.</i> -- <wf>Mur"der*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bloody; sanguinary; bloodguilty; bloodthirsty;
fell; savage; cruel.</p>

<p><hw>Mur"dress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A battlement in
ancient fortifications with interstices for firing through.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>murus</i>; or F.
<i>mur</i>, fr. L. <i>murus</i>.  Cf. <u>Munition</u>.] <def>A
wall.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mure</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mured</u> (?).] [F. <i>murer</i>, L. <i>murare</i>.
See <u>Mure</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To inclose in walls; to
wall; to immure; to shut up.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The five kings are <i>mured</i> in a
cave.</blockquote> <i>John. x. (Heading).</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ren*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who had
charge of the wall of a town, or its repairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mu"rex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Murices</b></plw> (#). [L., the purple fish.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine gastropods, having rough,
and frequently spinose, shells, which are often highly colored
inside; the rock shells. They abound in tropical seas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*rex"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Murexide</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A complex nitrogenous substance
obtained from murexide, alloxantin, and other ureids, as a white, or
yellowish, crystalline which turns red on exposure to the air; --
called also <i>uramil</i>, <i>dialuramide</i>, and formerly
<i>purpuric acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*rex"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>murex</i> the
purple fish, purple.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline nitrogenous
substance having a splendid dichroism, being green by reflected light
and garnet-red by transmitted light. It was formerly used in dyeing
calico, and was obtained in a large quantities from guano. Formerly
called also <i>ammonium purpurate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*rex"o*&iuml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A complex nitrogenous compound obtained as a scarlet crystalline
substance, and regarded as related to murexide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Muriatic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of muriatic hydrochloric
acid; a chloride; as, <i>muriate</i> of ammonia.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term, as also the word <i>muriatic</i>, was formerly
applied to the chlorides before their true composition was
understood, and while they were erroneously supposed to be compounds
of an acid with an oxide. <i>Muriate</i> and <i>muriatic</i> are
still occasionally used as commercial terms, but are obsolete in
scientific language.</p>

<p><hw>Mu"ri*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Put in brine.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Combined or impregnated
with muriatic or hydrochloric acid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Prepared with chloride of
silver through the agency of common salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu`ri*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>muriaticus</i> pickled, from <i>muria</i> brine: cf. F.
<i>muriatique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
obtained from, sea salt, or from chlorine, one of the constituents of
sea salt; hydrochloric.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Muriatic acid</b></col>, <cd>hydrochloric acid, HCl; --
formerly called also <i>marine acid</i>, and <i>spirit of salt</i>.
See <u>hydrochloric</u>, and the Note under <u>Muriate</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mu`ri*a*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Muriat</i>ic + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Producing
muriatic substances or salt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Mu"ri*cate</hw> (?), <hw>Mu"ri*ca`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>muricatus</i>, fr. <i>murex</i> a pointed
rock or stone.] <def>Formed with sharp points; full of sharp points
or of pickles; covered, or roughened, as a surface, with sharp points
or excrescences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ri*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mur</i>ex + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or pertaining to, the genus
Murex, or family <i>Muricid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*ric"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Minutely
muricate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>muria</i>
brine.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Bromine; -- formerly so called from
its being obtained from sea water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>murus</i> a
wall + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling courses of bricks
or stones in squareness and regular arrangement; as, a
<i>muriform</i> variety of cellular tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>murinus</i>,
from <i>mus</i>, <i>muris</i>, mouse: cf. F. <i>murin</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a family of rodents
(<i>Murid&aelig;</i>), of which the mouse is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"rine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a tribe of rodents, of which the mouse is the
type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"rin*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Murenger</u>.</def>  <i>Jacob.</i></p>

<p><hw>Murk</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Murky</u>.]
<def>Dark; murky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He can not see through the mantle
<i>murk</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Drake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Murk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Darkness; mirk.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Murk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The refuse of fruit,
after the juice has been expressed; marc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Murk"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Darkly;
gloomily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Murk"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
murky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Murk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Murkier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Murkiest</u>.] [OE. <i>mirke</i>,
<i>merke</i>, AS. <i>myrce</i>, <i>mirce</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>myrkr</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>m&ouml;rk</i>.] <def>Dark; obscure;
gloomy.</def> "The <i>murkiest</i> den."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>murky</i> deep lowering o'er our
heads.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mur"lins</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
seaweed. See <u>Baddrelocks</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mur"mur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>murmure</i>: cf.
L. <i>murmur</i>.  CF. <u>Murmur</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A low, confused, and indistinct sound, like
that of running water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A complaint half suppressed, or uttered in
a low, muttering voice.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some discontents there are, some idle
<i>murmurs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mur"mur</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Murmured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Murmuring</u>.] [F. <i>murmurer</i>, L. <i>murmurare</i>,
<i>murmurari</i>, fr. <i>murmur</i> murmur; cf. Gr.&?; to roar and
boil, said of water, Skr. <i>marmara</i> a rustling sound; prob. of
imitative origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a low continued
noise, like the hum of bees, a stream of water, distant waves, or the
wind in a forest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>murmured</i> as doth a swarm of
bees.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter complaints in a low, half-
articulated voice; to feel or express dissatisfaction or discontent;
to grumble; -- often with <i>at</i> or <i>against</i>.</def> "His
disciples <i>murmured</i> at it."  <i>John vi. 61.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And all the children of Israel <i>murmured</i> against
Moses and against Aaron.</blockquote> <i>Num. xiv. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither <i>murmur</i> ye, as some of them also
<i>murmured</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. x. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mur"mur</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter or give
forth in low or indistinct words or sounds; as, to <i>murmur</i>
tales.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The people <i>murmured</i> such things concerning
him.</blockquote> <i>John vii. 32.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mur`mur*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>murmuratio</i>.] <def>The act of murmuring; a murmur.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mur"mur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
murmurs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mur"mur*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Uttering
murmurs; making low sounds; complaining.</def> --
<wf>Mur"mur*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mur"mur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>murmuriosus</i>, OF. <i>murmuros</i>.] <def>Attended with murmurs;
exciting murmurs or complaint; murmuring.</def> [Archaic or
Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The lime, a summer home of <i>murmurous</i>
wings.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mur"ni*val</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. fr. F.
<i>mornifle</i> a game at cards.] <def>In the game of gleek, four
cards of the same value, as four aces or four kings; hence, four of
anything.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>mournival</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mur"phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A potato.</def>
[Humorous]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Murr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. abbrev. from
<i>murrain</i>.] <def>A catarrh.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mur"rain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>moreine</i>,
OF. <i>morine</i>, fr. OF. <i>morir</i>, <i>murir</i>, 8die, L.
<i>mori</i>, <i>moriri</i>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An infectious and
fatal disease among cattle.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A murrain on you</b></col>, <cd>may you be afflicted with
a pestilent disease.</cd> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mur"rain</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having, or afflicted
with, murrain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mur"ray*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A glucoside found in the flowers of a plant (<i>Murraya
exotica</i>) of South Asia, and extracted as a white amorphous
slightly bitter substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Murre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of sea birds of the genus
<i>Uria</i>, or <i>Catarractes</i>; a guillemot.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The murres are allied to the auks, and are abundant on the
northern coasts of Europe and America. They often breed in large
communities on the projecting ledges of precipituous cliffs, laying
one or two large eggs on the bare rocks.</p>

<p><hw>Murre"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Murre</i> + <i>-
let</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species of sea
birds of the genera <i>Synthliboramphus</i> and <i>Brachyramphus</i>,
inhabiting the North Pacific. They are closely related to the
murres.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mur"rey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>mor&eacute;e</i> a dark red color, <i>mor</i> blackish brown, fr.
L. <i>morum</i> mulberry, blackberry, or fr. <i>Maurus</i> a Moor.
Cf. <u>Mulberry</u>, <u>Moor</u>, <u>Morelle</u>.] <def>A dark red
color.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a dark red color.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mur"rhine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>murrhinus</i>,
fr. <i>murrha</i>: cf. F. <i>murrhin</i>.] <def>Made of the stone or
material called by the Romans <i>murrha</i>; -- applied to certain
costly vases of great beauty and delicacy used by the luxurious in
Rome as wine cups; as, <i>murrhine</i> vases, cups,
vessels.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Murrhine glass</b></col>, <cd>glassware made in imitation
of murrhine vases and cups.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mur"ri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Murrain</u>.]
<def>Infected with or killed by murrain.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mur"ri*on</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A morion. See
<u>Morion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Mur&aelig;na</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Murth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>Plenty; abundance.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Mur"ther</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Murder,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def> [Obs. or Prov.]
"The treason of the <i>murthering</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mur"ther*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
murderer.</def> [Obs. or Prov.]</p>

<p><hw>Mur"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
hereditary nobility among the Tatars, esp. one of the second
class.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word must not be confounded with the Persian
<i>Mirza</i>, though perhaps of the same origin.</p>

<p><hw>||Mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mures</b></plw> (#). [L., a mouse.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of small rodents, including the common mouse and
rat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mu"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mus&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Ar. <i>mauz</i>,
<i>mauza</i>, banana.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of perennial,
herbaceous, endogenous plants of great size, including the banana
(<i>Musa sapientum</i>), the plantain (<i>M. paradisiaca</i> of
Linn&aelig;us, but probably not a distinct species), the Abyssinian
(<i>M. Ensete</i>), the Philippine Island (<i>M. textilis</i>, which
yields Manila hemp), and about eighteen other species. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Banana</u> and <u>Plantain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*sa"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or resembling, plants of the genus Musa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Muses, or to Poetry.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Mu*sang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small animal of Java (<i>Paradoxirus fasciatus</i>), allied to
the civets. It swallows, but does not digest, large quantities of
ripe coffee berries, thus serving to disseminate the coffee plant;
hence it is called also <i>coffee rat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"sar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An itinerant player
on the musette, an instrument formerly common in Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"sard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>muser</i>
to loiter, trifle. See <u>Muse</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A
dreamer; an absent-minded person.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mus"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Musc&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a fly.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of dipterous insects, including the
common house fly, and numerous allied species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly, a large part of the Diptera were included under
the genus <i>Musca</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A small constellation
situated between the Southern Cross and the Pole.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Musc&aelig; volitantes</b></col> (&?;). [L., flying
flies.] <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>Specks or filaments apparently seen moving
or gliding about in the field of vision. Their appearance is often a
symptom of disease of the eye, or of disorder of the nervous
system.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ca*del`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>moscadello</i>, <i>moscatello</i>, LL. <i>muscatellum</i> or
<i>muscadellum</i> (sc. <i>vinum</i>), fr. <i>muscatellus</i>
nutmeglike, dim. of <i>muscatus</i> smelling like musk,
<i>muscatum</i> and <i>muscata</i> (sc. <i>nux</i>) nutmeg: cf. F.
<i>muscadelle</i>, fr. Italian. See <u>Musk</u> and cf.
<u>Moschatel</u>, <u>Muscardin</u>, <u>Muscat</u>, <u>Nutmeg</u>.]
<def>See <u>Muscatel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quaffed off the <i>muscadel</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ca*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Muscadel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given
to several very different kinds of grapes, but in America used
chiefly for the scuppernong, or southern fox grape, which is said to
be the parent stock of the Catawba. See <u>Grapevine</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fragrant and delicious
pear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Muscardin</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Northern muscadine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
derivative of the northern fox grape, and scarcely an improvement
upon it.</cd> -- <col><b>Royal muscadine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a European grape of great value. Its berries are large, round,
and of a pale amber color. Called also <i>golden
chasselas</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Mus*ca"les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>muscus</i> moss.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An old name for mosses in the
widest sense, including the true mosses and also hepatic&aelig; and
sphagna.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cal*longe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Muskellunge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"car*din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>muscadin</i> a musk-scented lozenge, fr. <i>muscade</i> nutmeg,
fr. L. <i>muscus</i> musk. See <u>Muscadel</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The common European dormouse; -- so named from its odor.</def>
[Written also <i>muscadine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mus`car*dine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
disease which is very destructive to silkworms, and which sometimes
extends to other insects. It is attended by the development of a
fungus (provisionally called <i>Botrytis bassiana</i>). Also, the
fungus itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus*car"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>muscarium</i> fly brush + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a
brush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus*ca"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A solid crystalline substance,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>13</sub>NO<sub>2</sub>, found in the toadstool
(<i>Agaricus muscarius</i>), and in putrid fish. It is a typical
ptomaine, and a violent poison.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Muscadel</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several
varieties of Old World grapes, differing in color, size, etc., but
all having a somewhat musky flavor. The muscat of Alexandria is a
large oval grape of a pale amber color.</def> [Written also
<i>muskat</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mus"ca*tel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or designating, or derived from, a muscat grapes or similar
grapes; as, <i>muscatel</i> grapes; <i>muscatel</i> wine,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ca*tel`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A common name for several varieties of rich sweet wine, made in
Italy, Spain, and France.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Finest raisins, dried on the
vine; "sun raisins."</def></p>

<p>[Variously written <i>moscatel</i>, <i>muscadel</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>||Musch"el*kalk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., from
<i>muschel</i> shell + <i>kalk</i> limestone.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
kind of shell limestone, whose strata form the middle one of the
three divisions of the Triassic formation in Germany. See
<i>Chart</i>, under <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mus"ci</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>muscus</i>
moss.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An order or subclass of cryptogamous
plants; the mosses. See <u>Moss</u>, and
<u>Cryptogamia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus*cic"a*pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>musca</i>
a fly + <i>capere</i> to catch.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the <i>Muscicapid&aelig;</i>, a family of birds that
includes the true flycatchers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any fly of the
genus Musca, or family <i>Muscid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Musca</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the form or structure
of flies of the genus Musca, or family
<i>Muscid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ci*form</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Muscus</i> + <i>-
form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the appearance or form of a
moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>musculus</i> a muscle, a little mouse, dim. of <i>mus</i> a mouse.
See <u>Mouse</u>, and cf. sense 3 (below).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An organ which, by its
contraction, produces motion.</def> See <i>Illust.</i> of Muscles of
the Human Body, in Appendix. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The contractile
tissue of which muscles are largely made up.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Muscles are of two kinds, <i>striated</i> and
<i>nonstriated</i>. The striated muscles, which, in most of the
higher animals, constitute the principal part of the flesh, exclusive
of the fat, are mostly under the control of the will, or
<i>voluntary</i>, and are made up of great numbers of elongated
fibres bound together into bundles and inclosed in a sheath of
connective tissue, the <i>perimysium</i>. Each fiber is inclosed in a
delicate membrane (the <i>sarcolemma</i>), is made up of alternate
segments of lighter and darker material which give it a transversely
striated appearance, and contains, scattered through its substance,
protoplasmic nuclei, the so-called <i>muscle corpuscles</i>.</p>

<p>   The nonstriated muscles are <i>involuntary</i>. They constitute
a large part of the walls of the alimentary canal, blood vessels,
uterus, and bladder, and are found also in the iris, skin, etc. They
are made up of greatly elongated cells, usually grouped in bundles or
sheets.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Muscular strength or development; as, to
show one's <i>muscle</i> by lifting a heavy weight.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [AS. <i>muscle</i>, L. <i>musculus</i> a
muscle, mussel. See above.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Mussel</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Muscle curve</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>contraction
curve of a muscle; a myogram; the curve inscribed, upon a prepared
surface, by means of a myograph when acted upon by a contracting
muscle. The character of the curve represents the extent of the
contraction.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 956 !></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
muscles; having muscles; as, things well <i>muscled</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<def>Exhibition or representation of the muscles.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A good piece, the painters say, must have good
<i>muscling</i>, as well as coloring and drapery.</blockquote>
<i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus*co"gees</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Muskogees</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Muscus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>: cf. F. <i>muscoide</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Mosslike;
resembling moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"coid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A term
formerly applied to any mosslike flowerless plant, with a distinct
stem, and often with leaves, but without any vascular
system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Muscus</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>Bryology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus*cos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>muscosus</i> mossy, fr. <i>muscus</i> moss.] <def>Mossiness.</def>
<i>Jonhson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus`co*va"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. Sp.
<i>mascabado</i>; cf. Pg. <i>mascavado</i>, F. <i>moscouade</i>, n.,
formerly also <i>mascovade</i>, It. <i>mascavato</i>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or of the nature of, unrefined or raw sugar,
obtained from the juice of the sugar cane by evaporating and draining
off the molasses. Muscovado sugar contains impurities which render it
dark colored and moist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus`co*va"do</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unrefined or raw
sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"co*vite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Muscovy
glass</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of Muscovy
or ancient Russia; hence, a Russian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Common potash mica. See
<u>Mica</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"co*vy duck`</hw> (?). [A corruption of <i>musk</i> duck.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A duck (<i>Cairina moschata</i>), larger
than the common duck, often raised in poultry yards. Called also
<i>musk duck</i>. It is native of tropical America, from Mexico to
Southern Brazil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"co*vy glass`</hw> (?). [From <i>Muscovy</i>, the old name
of Russia: cf. F. verre de <i>Moscovie</i>.] <def>Mica; muscovite.
See <u>Mica</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>musculaire</i>. See <u>Muscle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to a muscle, or to a system of muscles; consisting of, or
constituting, a muscle or muscles; as, <i>muscular</i>
fiber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great <i>muscular</i> strength, accompanied by much
awkwardness.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Performed by, or dependent on, a muscle or
the muscles.</def> "The <i>muscular</i> motion."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Well furnished with muscles; having well-
developed muscles; brawny; hence, strong; powerful; vigorous; as, a
<i>muscular</i> body or arm.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Muscular Christian</b></col>, <cd>one who believes in a
part of religious duty to maintain a healthful and vigorous physical
state.</cd> <i>T. Hughes.</i> -- <col><b>Muscular
Christianity</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The practice and
opinion of those Christians who believe that it is a part of
religious duty to maintain a vigorous condition of the body, and who
therefore approve of athletic sports and exercises as conductive to
good health, good morals, and right feelings in religious
matters.</cd> <i>T. Hughes.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An active,
robust, and cheerful Christian life, as opposed to a meditative and
gloomy one.</cd> <i>C. Kingsley.</i> -- <col><b>Muscular
excitability</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>that property in virtue
of which a muscle shortens, when it is stimulated; irritability.</cd>
-- <col><b>Muscular sense</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>muscular
sensibility; the sense by which we obtain knowledge of the condition
of our muscles and to what extent they are contracted, also of the
position of the various parts of our bodies and the resistance
offering by external objects.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mus`cu*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being muscular.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cu*lar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
muscular.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cu*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a muscular
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus`cu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The muscular system of an animal, or of any of its
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cu*la*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>musculature</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Musculation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>musculus</i>:
cf. F. <i>muscule</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A long movable shed used
by besiegers in ancient times in attacking the walls of a fortified
town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cu*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>musculus</i>
a muscle.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Syntonin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus`cu*lo*cu*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>musculus</i> + E. <i>cutaneous</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining both to muscles and skin; as, the
<i>musculocutaneous</i> nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus`cu*lo*phren"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>musculus</i> muscle + E. <i>phrenic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the muscles and the diaphragm; as, the
<i>musculophrenic</i> artery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus`cu*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being musculous; muscularity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mus`cu*lo*spi"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>musculus</i> muscle + E. <i>spiral</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the muscles, and taking a spiral course; -- applied
esp. to a large nerve of the arm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>musculosus</i>: cf. F. <i>musculeux</i>.] <def>Muscular.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Jonhson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From F. <i>musse</i>. See
<u>Muset</u>.] <def>A gap or hole in a hedge, hence, wall, or the
like, through which a wild animal is accustomed to pass; a
muset.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Find a hare without a <i>muse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Old
Prov.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>Muse</i>, L.
<i>Musa</i>, Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>Mosaic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Music</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>One of
the nine goddesses who presided over song and the different kinds of
poetry, and also the arts and sciences; -- often used in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Granville commands; your aid, O Muses, bring:<BR>
What <i>Muse</i> for Granville can refuse to sing?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The names of the Muses were <i>Calliope</i>, <i>Clio</i>,
<i>Erato</i>, <i>Euterpe</i>, <i>Melpomene</i>, <i>Polymnia</i> or
<i>Polyhymnia</i>, <i>Terpsichore</i>, <i>Thalia</i>, and
<i>Urania</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particular power and practice of
poetry.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A poet; a bard.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Musing</u>.] [F. <i>muser</i> to loiter or trifle, orig., to stand
with open mouth, fr. LL. <i>musus</i>, <i>morsus</i>, muzzle, snout,
fr. L. <i>morsus</i> a biting, bite, fr. <i>mordere</i> to bite. See
<u>Morsel</u>, and cf. <u>Amuse</u>, <u>Muzzle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To think closely; to
study in silence; to meditate.</def> "Thereon <i>mused</i> he."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>mused</i> upon some dangerous plot.</blockquote>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be absent in mind; to be so occupied in
study or contemplation as not to observe passing scenes or things
present; to be in a brown study.</def>  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wonder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To consider; meditate; ruminate. See
<u>Ponder</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Muse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
think on; to meditate on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, then, expressive Silence, <i>muse</i> his
praise.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wonder at.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Contemplation which abstracts the mind from passing scenes;
absorbing thought; hence, absence of mind; a brown study.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wonder, or admiration.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muse"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Meditative;
thoughtfully silent.</def> "<i>Museful</i> mopings." <i>Dryden.</i> -
- <wf>Muse"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Muse"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unregardful of the
Muses; disregarding the power of poetry; unpoetical.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
muses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"set</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>mussette</i>,
dim. of <i>musse</i>, <i>muce</i>, a hiding place, fr. F.
<i>musser</i>, OF. <i>mucier</i>, <i>muchier</i>, to conceal, hide.
Cf. <u>Micher</u>.] <def>A small hole or gap through which a wild
animal passes; a muse.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu*sette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of OF.
<i>muse</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small bagpipe formerly in
use, having a soft and sweet tone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An air adapted to this instrument; also, a
kind of rustic dance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*se"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a temple of the
Muses, hence, a place of study, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a Muse.] <def>A
repository or a collection of natural, scientific, or literary
curiosities, or of works of art.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Museum beetle</b></col>, <col><b>Museum pest</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Anthrenus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mush</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. <i>mus</i>,
<i>muss</i>, pap, porridge, any thick preparation of fruit, OHG.
<i>muos</i>; akin to AS. &amp; OS. <i>m&omacr;s</i> food, and prob, to E.
<i>meat</i>. See <u>Meat</u>.] <def>Meal (esp. Indian meal) boiled in
water; hasty pudding; supawn.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mush</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>moucheter</i> to
cut with small cuts.] <def>To notch, cut, or indent, as cloth, with a
stamp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mush"room</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>muscheron</i>, OF. <i>mouscheron</i>, F. <i>mousseron</i>; perhaps
fr. <i>mousse</i> moss, of German origin. See <u>Moss</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An edible
fungus (<i>Agaricus campestris</i>), having a white stalk which bears
a convex or oven flattish expanded portion called the <i>pileus</i>.
This is whitish and silky or somewhat scaly above, and bears on the
under side radiating gills which are at first flesh-colored, but
gradually become brown. The plant grows in rich pastures and is
proverbial for rapidity of growth and shortness of duration. It has a
pleasant smell, and is largely used as food. It is also cultivated
from spawn.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any large fungus,
especially one of the genus <i>Agaricus</i>; a toadstool. Several
species are edible; but many are very poisonous.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who rises suddenly from a low
condition in life; an upstart.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mush"room</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to mushrooms; as, <i>mushroom</i>
catchup.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling mushrooms in rapidity of growth
and shortness of duration; short-lived; ephemerial; as,
<i>mushroom</i> cities.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mushroom anchor</b></col>, <cd>an anchor shaped like a
mushroom, capable of grasping the ground in whatever way it
falls.</cd> -- <col><b>Mushroom coral</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any coral of the genus Fungia. See <u>Fungia</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Mushroom spawn</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the mycelium, or
primary filamentous growth, of the mushroom; also, cakes of earth and
manure containing this growth, which are used for propagation of the
mushroom.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mush"room-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having a cylindrical body with a convex head of larger diameter;
having a head like that of a mushroom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mush"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Soft like mush;
figuratively, good-naturedly weak and effusive; weakly
sentimental.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She 's not <i>mushy</i>, but her heart is
tender.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>musique</i>, fr.
L. <i>musica</i>, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;), any art over which the Muses
presided, especially music, lyric poetry set and sung to music, fr.
&?; belonging to Muses or fine arts, fr. &?; Muse.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science and the art of tones, or musical
sounds, <i>i. e.</i>, sounds of higher or lower pitch, begotten of
uniform and synchronous vibrations, as of a string at various degrees
of tension; the science of harmonical tones which treats of the
principles of harmony, or the properties, dependences, and relations
of tones to each other; the art of combining tones in a manner to
please the ear.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Not all <i>sounds</i> are <i>tones</i>. Sounds may be
unmusical and yet please the ear. <i>Music</i> deals with
<i>tones</i>, and with no other sounds. See <u>Tone</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Melody; a rhythmical
and otherwise agreeable succession of tones.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Harmony; an accordant combination of
simultaneous tones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The written and printed notation of a
musical composition; the score.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Love of music; capacity of enjoying
music.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man that hath no <i>music</i> in himself<BR>
Nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds,<BR>
Is fit for treasons, stratagems, and spoils.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A more or less musical
sound made by many of the lower animals. See
<u>Stridulation</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magic music</b></col>, <cd>a game in which a person is
guided in finding a hidden article, or in doing a specific art
required, by music which is made more loud or rapid as he approaches
success, and slower as he recedes. <i>Tennyson.</i></cd> --
<col><b>Music box</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Musical box</i>, under
<u>Musical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Music hall</b></col>, <cd>a place for
public musical entertainments.</cd> -- <col><b>Music loft</b></col>,
<cd>a gallery for musicians, as in a dancing room or a church.</cd> -
- <col><b>Music of the spheres</b></col>, <cd>the harmony supposed to
be produced by the accordant movement of the celestial spheres.</cd>
-- <col><b>Music paper</b></col>, <cd>paper ruled with the musical
staff, for the use of composers and copyists.</cd> -- <col><b>Music
pen</b></col>, <cd>a pen for ruling at one time the five lines of the
musical staff.</cd> -- <col><b>Music shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a handsomely colored marine gastropod shell
(<i>Voluta musica</i>) found in the East Indies; -- so called because
the color markings often resemble printed music. Sometimes applied to
other shells similarly marked.</cd> -- <col><b>To face the
music</b></col>, <cd>to meet any disagreeable necessity without
flinching.</cd> [Colloq. or Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Mu"sic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>musical</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to music; having the qualities
of music; or the power of producing music; devoted to music;
melodious; harmonious; as, <i>musical</i> proportion; a
<i>musical</i> voice; <i>musical</i> instruments; a <i>musical</i>
sentence; <i>musical</i> persons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Musical</b></col>, or <col><b>Music</b></col>,
<col><b>box</b></col>, <cd>a box or case containing apparatus moved
by clockwork so as to play certain tunes automatically.</cd> --
<col><b>Musical fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any fish
which utters sounds under water, as the drumfish, grunt, gizzard
shad, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Musical glasses</b></col>, <cd>glass
goblets or bowls so tuned and arranged that when struck, or rubbed,
they produce musical notes.  Cf. <u>Harmonica</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mu"sic*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Music.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To fetch home May with their
<i>musical</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A social entertainment of which music is
the leading feature; a musical party.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Mu`si`cale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf.
<i>Soir&eacute;e musicale</i>.] <def>A social musical party.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Mu"sic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
musical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"sic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being musical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*si"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>musicien</i>.] <def>One skilled in the art or science of music;
esp., a skilled singer, or performer on a musical
instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu`si*co*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Music</i>
+ <i>mania</i>: cf. F. <i>musicomanie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind
of monomania in which the passion for music becomes so strong as to
derange the intellectual faculties.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus"i*mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Musmon</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Mouflon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a musing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"sit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Muset</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Musk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>musc</i>, L.
<i>muscus</i>, Per. <i>musk</i>, fr. Skr. <i>mushka</i> testicle,
orig., a little mouse. See <u>Mouse</u>, and cd. <u>Abelmosk</u>,
<u>Muscadel</u>, <u>Muscovy duck</u>, <u>Nutmeg</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A substance of a reddish brown color, and
when fresh of the consistence of honey, obtained from a bag being
behind the navel of the male musk deer. It has a slightly bitter
taste, but is specially remarkable for its powerful and enduring
odor. It is used in medicine as a stimulant antispasmodic. The term
is also applied to secretions of various other animals, having a
similar odor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The musk deer. See
<i>Musk deer</i> (below).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The perfume emitted by musk, or any
perfume somewhat similar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The musk
plant (<i>Mimulus moschatus</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
plant of the genus <i>Erodium</i> (<i>E. moschatum</i>); -- called
also <i>musky heron's-bill</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
plant of the genus <i>Muscari</i>; grape hyacinth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Musk beaver</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>muskrat
(1).</cd> -- <col><b>Musk beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
European longicorn beetle (<i>Aromia moschata</i>), having an
agreeable odor resembling that of attar of roses.</cd> --
<col><b>Musk cat</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bondar</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Musk cattle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>musk oxen. See
<i>Musk ox</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Musk deer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small hornless deer (<i>Moschus
moschiferus</i>), which inhabits the elevated parts of Central Asia.
The upper canine teeth of the male are developed into sharp tusks,
curved downward. The male has scent bags on the belly, from which the
musk of commerce is derived. The deer is yellow or red-brown above,
whitish below. The pygmy musk deer are chevrotains, as the kanchil
and napu.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk duck</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The Muscovy duck</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>An Australian duck (<i>Biziura lobata</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Musk
lorikeet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Pacific lorikeet
(<i>Glossopsitta australis</i>) of Australia.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk
mallow</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of two malvaceous
plants</cd>: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A species of mallow (<i>Malva
moschata</i>), the foliage of which has a faint musky smell</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An Asiatic shrub. See <u>Abelmosk</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Musk orchis</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European plant
of the Orchis family (<i>Herminium Minorchis</i>); -- so called from
its peculiar scent.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk ox</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Arctic hollow-horned ruminant (<i>Ovibos
moschatus</i>), now existing only in America, but found fossil in
Europe and Asia. It is covered with a thick coat of fine yellowish
wool, and with long dark hair, which is abundant and shaggy on the
neck and shoulders. The full-grown male weighs over four hundred
pounds.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk parakeet</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>Same as <i>Musk lorikeet</i> (above).</cd> -- <col><b>Musk
pear</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a fragrant kind of pear much
resembling the Seckel pear.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk plant</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the <i>Mimulus moschatus</i>, a plant found in
Western North America, often cultivated, and having a strong musky
odor.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk root</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the name
of several roots with a strong odor, as that of the nard
(<i>Nardostachys Jatamansi</i>) and of a species of
<i>Angelica</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk rose</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a species of rose (<i>Rosa moschata</i>), having peculiarly
fragrant white blossoms.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk seed</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the seed of a plant of the Mallow family
(<i>Hibiscus moschatus</i>), used in perfumery and in flavoring. See
<u>Abelmosk</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk sheep</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the musk ox.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk
shrew</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a shrew (<i>Sorex
murinus</i>), found in India. It has a powerful odor of musk. Called
also <i>sondeli</i>, and <i>mondjourou</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk
thistle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of thistle (<i>Carduus
nutans</i>), having fine large flowers, and leaves smelling strongly
of musk.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk tortoise</b></col>, <col><b>Musk
turtle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small American fresh-
water tortoise (<i>Armochelys, or Ozotheca, odorata</i>), which has a
distinct odor of musk; -- called also <i>stinkpot</i>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 957 !></p>

<p><hw>Musk</hw> (m&ubreve;sk), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
perfume with musk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ka*del`</hw> (m&ubreve;s"k&adot;*d&ebreve;l`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Muscadel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"kat</hw> (m&ubreve;s"k&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Muscat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"kel*lunge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the Amer.
Indian name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large American pike (<i>Esox
nobilior</i>) found in the Great Lakes, and other Northern lakes, and
in the St. Lawrence River. It is valued as a food fish.</def>
[Written also <i>maskallonge</i>, <i>maskinonge</i>,
<i>muskallonge</i>, <i>muskellonge</i>, and <i>muskelunjeh</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mus"ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mousquet</i>,
It. <i>moschetto</i>, formerly, a kind of hawk; cf. OF.
<i>mousket</i>, <i>moschet</i>, a kind of hawk falcon, F.
<i>mouchet</i>, prop., a little fly (the hawk prob. being named from
its size), fr. L. <i>musca</i> a fly.  Cf. <u>Mosquito</u>.]
[Sometimes written also <i>musquet</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male of the sparrow hawk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A species of firearm formerly carried by
the infantry of an army. It was originally fired by means of a match,
or matchlock, for which several mechanical appliances (including the
flintlock, and finally the percussion lock) were successively
substituted. This arm has been generally superseded by the
rifle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus`ket*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mousquetaire</i>; cf. It. <i>moschettiere</i>.] <def>A soldier
armed with a musket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus*ke"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mosquito</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus`ket*oon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mousqueton</i>; cf. It. <i>moschettone</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A short musket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is armed with such a
musket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ket*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mousqueterie</i>; cf. It. <i>moschetteria</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Muskets, collectively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fire of muskets.</def>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Musk"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being musky; the scent of musk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Musk"mel`on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Musk</i> +
<i>melon</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of a cucurbitaceous plant
(<i>Cucumis Melo</i>), having a peculiar aromatic flavor, and
cultivated in many varieties, the principal sorts being the
cantaloupe (<i>Cucumis Melo</i> <i>cantalupensis</i>), of oval form
and yellowish flesh, and the smaller nutmeg melon with greenish
flesh.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Melon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus*ko"gees</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Muskogee</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A
powerful tribe of North American Indians that formerly occupied the
region of Georgia, Florida, and Alabama. They constituted a large
part of the Creek confederacy.</def> [Written also
<i>Muscogees</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Musk"rat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A North American aquatic fur-bearing rodent
(<i>Fiber zibethicus</i>). It resembles a rat in color and having a
long scaly tail, but the tail is compressed, the hind feet are
webbed, and the ears are concealed in the fur.  It has scent glands
which secrete a substance having a strong odor of musk. Called also
<i>musquash</i>, <i>musk beaver</i>, and <i>ondatra</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The musk
shrew.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The desman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Musk"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
fragrance.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The wood of a West
Indian tree of the Mahogany family (<i>Moschoxylum
Swartzii</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The wood of an
Australian tree (<i>Eurybia argophylla</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Musk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an odor of
musk, or somewhat the like.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus"lim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Moslem</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mousseline</i>;
cf. It. <i>mussolino</i>, <i>mussolo</i>, Sp. <i>muselina</i>; all
from <i>Mussoul</i> a city of Mesopotamia, Ar. <i>Mausil</i>, Syr.
<i>Mauzol</i>, <i>Muzol</i>, <i>Mosul</i>, where it was first
manufactured.  Cf. <u>Mull</u> a kind of cloth.] <def>A thin cotton,
white, dyed, or printed. The name is also applied to coarser and
heavier cotton goods; as, shirting and sheeting
<i>muslins</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Muslin cambric</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Cambric</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Muslin delaine</b></col>, <cd>a light woolen fabric for
women's dresses. See <u>Delaine</u>.</cd> [Written also <i>mousseline
de laine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Mus`lin*et"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>mousselinette</i>.] <def>A sort of coarse or light cotton
cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>musmo</i>,
<i>musimo</i>, a Sardinian animal; cf. Gr. <grk>moy`smwn</grk>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Mouflon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu`so*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Musicomania</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"quash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [American Indian
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Muskrat</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Musquash root</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
umbelliferous plant (<i>Cicuta maculata</i>), having a poisonous
root. See <u>Water hemlock</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Mus"quaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [American Indian
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American black bear. See
<u>Bear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"quet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Musket</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus*qui"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Mosquito</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mus"role</hw>, <hw>Mus"rol</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>muserolle</i>, fr. <i>muserau</i> a muzzle, OF. <i>musel</i>.
See <u>Muzzle</u>.] <def>The nose band of a horse's bridle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>mousche</i> a
fly, also, the play called <i>muss</i>, fr. L. <i>musca</i> a fly.]
<def>A scramble, as when small objects are thrown down, to be taken
by those who can seize them; a confused struggle.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of confusion or
disorder; -- prob. variant of <i>mess</i>, but influenced by
<i>muss</i>, a scramble.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Muss</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mussed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mussing</u>.] <def>To disarrange, as clothing; to rumple.</def>
[Colloq. U.S.]
</p>

<p><hw>Muss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>mus</i> a mouse.
See <u>Mouse</u>.] <def>A term of endearment.</def> [Obs.] See
<u>Mouse</u>.  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Muscle</u>, 3.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of many species
of marine bivalve shells of the genus <i>Mytilus</i>, and related
genera, of the family <i>Mytid&aelig;</i>. The common mussel
(<i>Mytilus edulis</i>; see <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Byssus</u>), and
the larger, or horse, mussel (<i>Modiola modiolus</i>), inhabiting
the shores both of Europe and America, are edible. The former is
extensively used as food in Europe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of <i>Unio</i>, and related fresh-water genera; -- called
also <i>river mussel</i>. See <u>Naiad</u>, and
<u>Unio</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mussel digger</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
grayback whale. See <i>Gray whale</i>, under <u>Gray</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mus`si*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mussitatio</i> suppression of the voice, fr. <i>mussitare</i> to
be silent, to murmur.] <def>A speaking in a low tone; mumbling.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mus"site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
variety of pyroxene, from the Mussa Alp in Piedmont;
diopside.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"sul*man</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mussulmans</b></plw> (#). [Ar. <i>muslim&imacr;n</i>, pl. of
<i>muslim</i>: cf. F. &amp; Sp. <i>musulman</i>. See <u>Moslem</u>.]
<def>A Mohammedan; a Moslem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus`sul*man"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or like, the Mussulmans, or their customs:
Mohammedan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"sul*man*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Mohammedan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"sul*man*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Mohammedanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"sul*man*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of Moslems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muss"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 2d <u>Muss</u>.]
<def>Disarranged; rumpled.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Must</hw> (m&ubreve;st), <pos><i>v. i. or auxiliary</i></pos>.
[OE. <i>moste</i>, a pret. generally meaning, could, was free to,
pres. <i>mot</i>, <i>moot</i>, AS. <i>m&omacr;ste</i>, pret.
<i>m&omacr;t</i>, pres.; akin to D. <i>moetan</i> to be obliged, OS.
<i>m&omacr;tan</i> to be free, to be obliged, OHG. <i>muozan</i>, G.
<i>m&uuml;ssen</i> to be obliged, Sw. <i>m&aring;ste</i> must, Goth.
<i>gam&omacr;tan</i> to have place, have room, to able; of unknown
origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be obliged; to be necessitated; -
- expressing either physical or moral necessity; as, a man
<i>must</i> eat for nourishment; we <i>must</i> submit to the
laws.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be morally required; to be necessary or
essential to a certain quality, character, end, or result; as, he
<i>must</i> reconsider the matter; he <i>must</i> have been
insane.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Likewise <i>must</i> the deacons be
grave.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. iii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Morover, he [a bishop] <i>must</i> have a good report
of them which are without.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. iii. 7.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The principal verb, if easily supplied by the mind, was
formerly often omitted when <i>must</i> was used; as, I <i>must</i>
away. "I <i>must</i> to Coventry." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Must</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>must</i>, fr. L.
<i>mustum</i> (sc. <i>vinum</i>), from <i>mustus</i> young, new,
fresh.  Cf. <u>Mustard</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The expressed
juice of the grape, or other fruit, before fermentation.</def> "These
men ben full of <i>must</i>."  <i>Wyclif (Acts ii. 13. ).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No fermenting <i>must</i> fills . . . the deep
vats.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Musty</u>.] <def>Mustiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Must</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To make musty; to
become musty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"tac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>moustac</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small tufted monkey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus*tache"</hw> (m&ubreve;s*t&adot;sh"; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Mustaches</b></plw> (&?;).
[Written also <i>moustache</i>.] [F. <i>moustache</i>, It.
<i>mostaccio</i> visage, <i>mostacchio</i> mustache, fr. Gr.
<grk>my`stax</grk> upper lip and the beard upon it; cf.
<grk>ma`stax</grk> mouth: cf. Sp. <i>mostacho</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part of the beard which grows on the
upper lip; hair left growing above the mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A West African monkey
(<i>Cercopithecus cephus</i>). It has yellow whiskers, and a
triangular blue mark on the nose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any conspicuous stripe
of color on the side of the head, beneath the eye of a
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus*ta"cho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mustachios</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A mustache.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus*ta"choed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
mustachios.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus`ta*i"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A close-
grained, heavy wood of a brownish color, brought from Brazil, and
used in turning, for making the handles of tools, and the like.</def>
[Written also <i>mostahiba</i>.]  <i>MaElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus"tang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>muste&ntilde;o</i> belonging to the graziers, strayed, wild.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The half-wild horse of the plains in Mexico,
California, etc. It is small, hardy, and easily sustained.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mustard grape</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of
grape (<i>Vitis candicans</i>), native in Arkansas and Texas. The
berries are small, light-colored, with an acid skin and a sweet
pulp.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mus"tard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>moustarde</i>,
F. <i>moutarde</i>, fr. L. <i>mustum</i> must, -- mustard was
prepared for use by being mixed with <i>must</i>. See <u>Must</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name
of several cruciferous plants of the genus <i>Brassica</i> (formerly
<i>Sinapis</i>), as white mustard (<i>B. alba</i>), black mustard
(<i>B. Nigra</i>), wild mustard or charlock (<i>B.
Sinapistrum</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are also many herbs of the same family which are
called <i>mustard</i>, and have more or less of the flavor of the
true mustard; as, bowyer's mustard (<i>Lepidium ruderale</i>); hedge
mustard (<i>Sisymbrium officinale</i>); Mithridate mustard
(<i>Thlaspi arvense</i>); tower mustard (<i>Arabis perfoliata</i>);
treacle mustard (<i>Erysimum cheiranthoides</i>).</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A powder or a paste made from the seeds of
black or white mustard, used as a condiment and a rubefacient. Taken
internally it is stimulant and diuretic, and in large doses is
emetic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mustard oil</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a substance
obtained from mustard, as a transparent, volatile and intensely
pungent oil. The name is also extended to a number of analogous
compounds produced either naturally or artificially.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mus*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mestee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"te*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mustelinus</i>, fr. <i>mustela</i> weasel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or pertaining to the family <i>Mustelid&aelig;</i>, or the
weasels and martens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>moustre</i>,
OF. <i>mostre</i>, <i>moustre</i>, F. <i>montre</i>, LL.
<i>monstra</i>. See <u>Muster</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something shown for imitation; a
pattern.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A show; a display.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An assembling or review of troops, as for
parade, verification of numbers, inspection, exercise, or
introduction into service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hurried <i>muster</i> of the soldiers of
liberty.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>See how in warlike <i>muster</i> they appear,<BR>
In rhombs, and wedges, and half-moons, and wings.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The sum total of an army when assembled
for review and inspection; the whole number of effective men in an
army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the <i>muster</i> was thirty thousands of
men.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye publish the <i>musters</i> of your own bands, and
proclaim them to amount of thousands.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any assemblage or display; a
gathering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of the temporal grandees of the realm, mentof their
wives and daughters, the <i>muster</i> was great and
splendid.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Muster book</b></col>, <cd>a book in which military forces
are registered.</cd> -- <col><b>Muster file</b></col>, <cd>a muster
roll.</cd> -- <col><b>Muster master</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>one
who takes an account of troops, and of their equipment; a mustering
officer; an inspector.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Muster roll</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a list or register of all the men in a company,
troop, or regiment, present or accounted for on the day of
muster.</cd> -- <col><b>To pass muster</b></col>, <cd>to pass through
a muster or inspection without censure.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Such excuses will not <i>pass muster</i> with
God.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mustered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mustering</u>.] [OE. <i>mustren</i>, prop., to show, OF.
<i>mostrer</i>, <i>mustrer</i>, <i>moustrer</i>, <i>monstrer</i>, F.
<i>montrer</i>, fr. L. <i>monstrare</i> to show. See <u>Monster</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To collect and display; to assemble, as
troops for parade, inspection, exercise, or the like.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To summon together; to enroll in
service; to get together.</def> "Mustering <i>all its force</i>."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the gay feathers he could
<i>muster</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To muster troops into service</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>to inspect and enter troops on the muster roll of the army.</cd>
-- <col><b>To muster troops out of service</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>to register them for final payment and discharge.</cd> --
<col><b>To muster up</b></col>, <cd>to gather up; to succeed in
obtaining; to obtain with some effort or difficulty.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>One of those who can <i>muster up</i> sufficient
sprightliness to engage in a game of forfeits.</blockquote>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be gathered
together for parade, inspection, exercise, or the like; to come
together as parts of a force or body; as, his supporters
<i>mustered</i> in force.</def> "The <i>mustering</i> squadron."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ti*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In a musty
state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being musty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Mustier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Mustiest</u>.] [From L. <i>mustum</i>
must; or perh. fr. E. <i>moist</i>.  Cf. <u>Must</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Moist</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
the rank, pungent, offensive odor and taste which substances of
organic origin acquire during warm, moist weather; foul or sour and
fetid; moldy; as, <i>musty</i> corn; <i>musty</i> books.</def>
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spoiled by age; rank; stale.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The proverb is somewhat <i>musty</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dull; heavy; spiritless.</def> "That he
may not grow <i>musty</i> and unfit for conversation."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu`ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mutabilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>mutabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality of being mutable, or subject to change or alteration, either
in form, state, or essential character; susceptibility of change;
changeableness; inconstancy; variation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plato confessed that the heavens and the frame of the
world are corporeal, and therefore subject to
<i>mutability</i>.</blockquote> <i>Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mutabilis</i>,
fr. <i>mutare</i> to change. See <u>Move</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of alteration; subject to change; changeable in form,
qualities, or nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Things of the most accidental and <i>mutable</i>
nature.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Changeable; inconstant; unsettled;
unstable; fickle.</def> "Most <i>mutable</i> wishes."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Changeable; alterable; unstable; unsteady;
unsettled; wavering; inconstant; variable; fickle.</p>

<p><hw>Mu"ta*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being mutable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ta*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Changeably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ta*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mytacism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"tage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A process for
checking the fermentation of the must of grapes.</def></p>

<p><! p. 958 !></p>

<p><hw>||Mu*tan"dum</hw> (m&usl;*t&abreve;n"d&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Mutanda</b></plw> (#). [L.,
fr. <i>mutare</i> to change.] <def>A thing which is to be changed;
something which must be altered; -- used chiefly in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*ta"tion</hw> (m&usl;*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mutatio</i>, fr. <i>mutare</i> to change:
cf. F. <i>mutation</i>. See <u>Mutable</u>.] <def>Change; alteration,
either in form or qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vicissitude or <i>mutations</i> in the superior
globe are no fit matter for this present argument.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mutch</hw> (much), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>mutse</i> a
cap, G. <i>m&uuml;tze</i>.  Cf. <u>Amice</u> a cape.] <def>The close
linen or muslin cap of an old woman.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Mutch"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A liquid measure
equal to four gills, or an imperial pint.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Mute</hw> (m&umacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mutare</i> to change. See <u>Molt</u>.] <def>To cast off; to
molt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have I <i>muted</i> all my feathers?</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mute</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [F. <i>mutir</i>,
<i>&eacute;meutir</i>, OF. <i>esmeltir</i>, fr. OD. <i>smelten</i>,
prop., to melt. See <u>Smelt</u>.] <def>To eject the contents of the
bowels; -- said of birds.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mute</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The dung of birds.</def>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mute</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mutus</i>; cf. Gr. &?;
to shut, Skr. <i>m&?;ta</i> bound, <i>m&?;ka</i> dumb: cf. OE.
<i>muet</i>, fr. F. <i>muet</i>, a dim. of OF. <i>mu</i>, L.
<i>mutus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not speaking; uttering no
sound; silent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the heavenly choir stood <i>mute</i>,<BR>
And silence was in heaven.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In law a prisoner is said to stand <i>mute</i>, when, upon
being arranged, he makes no answer, or does not plead directly, or
will not put himself on trial.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of speaking; dumb.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not uttered; unpronounced; silent; also,
produced by complete closure of the mouth organs which interrupt the
passage of breath; -- said of certain letters. See 5th <u>Mute</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not giving a ringing sound when struck; --
said of a metal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mute swan</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European
wild white swan (<i>Cygnus gibbus</i>), which produces no loud
notes.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Silent; dumb; speechless.  -- <u>Mute</u>,
<u>Silent</u>, <u>Dumb</u>. One is <i>silent</i> who <i>does</i> not
speak; one is <i>dumb</i> who <i>can</i> not, for want of the proper
organs; as, a <i>dumb</i> beast, etc.; and hence, figuratively, we
speak of a person as struck <i>dumb</i> with astonishment, etc. One
is <i>mute</i> who is <i>held back</i> from speaking by some special
cause; as, he was <i>mute</i> through fear; <i>mute</i> astonishment,
etc.  Such is the case with most of those who never speak from
childhood; they are not ordinarily <i>dumb</i>, but <i>mute</i>
because they are deaf, and therefore never learn to talk; and hence
their more appropriate name is <i>deaf-mutes</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>They spake not a word;<BR>
But, like <i>dumb</i> statues, or breathing stones,<BR>
Gazed each on other.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All sat <i>mute</i>,<BR>
Pondering the danger with deep thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Mute</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who does not speak, whether from physical inability, unwillingness,
or other cause.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who,
from deafness, either congenital or from early life, is unable to use
articulate language; a deaf-mute.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
person employed by undertakers at a funeral.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A person whose part in a play does not
require him to speak.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Among the Turks,
an officer or attendant who is selected for his place because he can
not speak.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A letter which represents
no sound; a silent letter; also, a close articulation; an element of
speech formed by a position of the mouth organs which stops the
passage of the breath; as, <i>p</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>k</i>,
<i>t</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A little utensil made of
brass, ivory, or other material, so formed that it can be fixed in an
erect position on the bridge of a violin, or similar instrument, in
order to deaden or soften the tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mute"-hill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Moot-
hill</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Mute"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without uttering
words or sounds; in a mute manner; silently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mute"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being mute; speechlessness.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mu"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Mu"ti*cous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>muticus</i>, for <i>mutilus</i>. See
<u>Mutilate</u>.] <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Without a point or
pointed process; blunt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ti*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mutilatus</i>, p. p. of <i>mutilare</i> to mutilate, fr.
<i>mutilus</i> maimed; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;.  Cf. <u>Mutton</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deprived of, or having lost, an important
part; mutilated.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having finlike
appendages or flukes instead of legs, as a cetacean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ti*late</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A cetacean, or a sirenian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ti*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mutilated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mutilating</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut
off or remove a limb or essential part of; to maim; to cripple; to
hack; as, to <i>mutilate</i> the body, a statue, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To destroy or remove a material part of,
so as to render imperfect; as, to <i>mutilate</i> the orations of
Cicero.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among the <i>mutilated</i> poets of antiquity, there
is none whose fragments are so beautiful as those of
Sappho.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mutilated gear</b></col>, <col><b>Mutilated
wheel</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a gear wheel from a portion of
whose periphery the cogs are omitted. It is used for giving
intermittent movements.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mu`ti*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mutilatio</i>: cf. F. <i>mutilation</i>.] <def>The act of
mutilating, or the state of being mutilated; deprivation of a limb or
of an essential part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ti*la"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mutilateur</i>.] <def>One who mutilates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ti*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mutilus</i>.
See <u>Mutilate</u>.] <def>Mutilated; defective; imperfect.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mu"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mutin</i>.]
<def>A mutineer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mu"tine</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>mutiner</i>.]
<def>To mutiny.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mu"ti*neer`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Mutiny</u>.] <def>One guilty of mutiny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mut"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dung of
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ti*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Mutiny</u>.]
<def>Disposed to mutiny; in a state of mutiny; characterized by
mutiny; seditious; insubordinate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The city was becoming <i>mutinous</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Mu"ti*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mu"ti*nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mu"ti*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mutinies</b></plw> (#). [From <i>mutine</i> to mutiny, fr. F.
<i>se mutiner</i>, fr. F. <i>mutin</i> stubborn, mutinous, fr. OF.
<i>meute</i> riot, LL. <i>movita</i>, fr. <i>movitus</i>, for L.
<i>motus</i>, p. p. of <i>movere</i> to move. See <u>Move</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Insurrection against constituted authority,
particularly military or naval authority; concerted revolt against
the rules of discipline or the lawful commands of a superior officer;
hence, generally, forcible resistance to rightful authority;
insubordination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In every <i>mutiny</i> against the discipline of the
college, he was the ringleader.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Violent commotion; tumult; strife.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To raise a <i>mutiny</i> betwixt
yourselves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mutiny act</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an English statute
re&euml;nacted annually to punish mutiny and desertion.</cd>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Insurrection</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Mu"ti*ny</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mutinied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mutinying</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rise against, or
refuse to obey, lawful authority in military or naval service; to
excite, or to be guilty of, mutiny or mutinous conduct; to revolt
against one's superior officer, or any rightful authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fall into strife; to quarrel.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mut"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition,
state, or habit of being mute, or without speech.</def>  <i>Max
M&uuml;ller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Muttered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Muttering</u>.] [Prob. of imitative origin; cf. L. <i>muttire</i>,
<i>mutire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter words indistinctly
or with a low voice and lips partly closed; esp., to utter indistinct
complaints or angry expressions; to grumble; to growl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wizards that peep, and that
<i>mutter</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is. viii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Meantime your filthy foreigner will stare,<BR>
And <i>mutter</i> to himself.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sound with a low, rumbling
noise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thick lightnings flash, the <i>muttering</i> thunder
rolls.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter with
imperfect articulations, or with a low voice; as, to <i>mutter</i>
threats.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Repressed or obscure
utterance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mut"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
mutters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mut"ter*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a low
voice and indistinct articulation; in a muttering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mut"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>motoun</i>, OF.
<i>moton</i>, <i>molton</i>, a sheep, wether, F. <i>mouton</i>, LL.
<i>multo</i>, by transposition of <i>l</i> fr. L. <i>mutilus</i>
mutilated. See <u>Mutilate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sheep.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not so much ground as will feed a
<i>mutton</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Muttons</i>, beeves, and porkers are good old words
for the living quadrupeds.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The flesh of a sheep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fat of roasted <i>mutton</i> or beef.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A loose woman; a prostitute.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Mutton bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
Australian short-tailed petrel (<i>Nectris brevicaudus</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Mutton chop</b></col>, <cd>a rib of mutton for broiling, with
the end of the bone at the smaller part chopped off.</cd> --
<col><b>Mutton fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the American
eelpout. See <u>Eelpout</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mutton fist</b></col>,
<cd>a big brawny fist or hand.</cd> [Colloq.] <i>Dryden.</i> --
<col><b>Mutton monger</b></col>, <cd>a pimp.</cd> [Low &amp; Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i> -- <col><b>To return to one's muttons</b></col>. [A
translation of a phrase from a farce by De Brueys, <i>revenons
&agrave; nos moutons</i> let us return to our sheep.] <cd>To return
to one's topic, subject of discussion, etc.</cd> [Humorous]</p>

<p><blockquote>I willingly <i>return to my muttons</i>.</blockquote>
<i>H. R. Haweis.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Mut"ton*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like mutton;
having a flavor of mutton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"tu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>mutuel</i>, L.
<i>mutuus</i>, orig., exchanged, borrowed, lent; akin to
<i>mutare</i> to change. See <u>Mutable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Reciprocally acting or related; reciprocally receiving and
giving; reciprocally given and received; reciprocal; interchanged;
as, a <i>mutual</i> love, advantage, assistance, aversion,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conspiracy and <i>mutual</i> promise.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Happy in our <i>mutual</i> help,<BR>
And <i>mutual</i> love.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A certain shyness on such subjects, which was
<i>mutual</i> between the sisters.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessed, experienced, or done by two or
more persons or things at the same time; common; joint; as,
<i>mutual</i> happiness; a <i>mutual</i> effort.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A vast accession of misery and woe from the
<i>mutual</i> weeping, and wailing, and gnashing of
teeth.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p>&fist;   This use of <i>mutual</i> as synonymous with
<i>common</i> is inconsistent with the idea of interchange, or
reciprocal relation, which properly belongs to it; but the word has
been so used by many writers of high authority. The present tendency
is toward a careful discrimination.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mutual</i>, as Johnson will tell us, means
something reciprocal, a giving and taking. How could people have
<i>mutual</i> ancestors?</blockquote> <i>P. Harrison.</i>
</p>

<p><col><b>Mutual insurance</b></col>, <cd>agreement among a number
of persons to insure each other against loss, as by fire, death, or
accident.</cd> -- <col><b>Mutual insurance company</b></col>, <cd>one
which does a business of insurance on the mutual principle, the
policy holders sharing losses and profits <i>pro rata</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reciprocal; interchanged; common.</p>

<p><hw>Mu"tu*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethics)</i>
<def>The doctrine of mutual dependence as the condition of individual
and social welfare.</def>  <i>F. Harrison.</i>  <i>H. Spencer.</i>
<i>Mallock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu`tu*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mutualit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of
correlation; reciprocation; interchange; interaction;
interdependence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Reciprocity of
consideration.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"tu*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a mutual
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mutuarius</i>
mutual.See <u>Mutuation</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who borrows
personal chattels which are to be consumed by him, and which he is to
return or repay in kind.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu`tu*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mutuatio</i>, fr. <i>mutuare</i>, <i>mutuari</i>, to borrow, fr.
<i>mutuus</i>. See <u>Mutual</u>.] <def>The act of borrowing or
exchanging.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mu"tule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>mutulus</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A projecting block worked under
the corona of the Doric corice, in the same situation as the
modillion of the Corinthian and Composite orders. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Gutta</u>.</def>  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Mixen</u>.]
<def>Dirt; filth; muck.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>ose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mux</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mix in an untidy and
offensive way; to make a mess of.</def> [Prov. Eng.; Colloq.
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mux"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Soft; sticky, and
dirty.</def> [Prov. Eng.] See <u>Mucky</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Muz"a*rab</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>mozarabe</i>,
fr. Ar. <i>mosta'rib</i>, a name applied to strange tribes living
among the Arabs.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a denomination of
Christians formerly living under the government of the Moors in
Spain, and having a liturgy and ritual of their own.</def> [Written
also <i>Mozarab</i>, <i>Mostarab</i>.]  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muz`a*rab"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Muzarabs; as, the <i>Muzarabic</i> liturgy.</def>
[Written also <i>Mozarabic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Muz"zi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being muzzy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mosel</i>, OF.
<i>musel</i>, F. <i>museau</i> muzzle or snout, LL. <i>musellus</i>,
fr. <i>musus</i>, <i>morsus</i>. See <u>Muse</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Morsel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
projecting mouth and nose of a quadruped, as of a horse; a
snout.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mouth of a thing; the end for entrance
or discharge; as, the <i>muzzle</i> of a gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fastening or covering (as a band or
cage) for the mouth of an animal, to prevent eating or vicious
biting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With golden <i>muzzles</i> all their mouths were
bound</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Muzzle sight</b></col>. <i>(Gun.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Dispart</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Muz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Muzzled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Muzzling</u> (?).] [F. <i>museler</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bind the mouth of; to fasten the mouth of, so as to prevent biting or
eating; hence, figuratively, to bind; to sheathe; to restrain from
speech or action.</def> "My dagger <i>muzzled</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not <i>muzzle</i> the ox when he treadeth
out the corn.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxv. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fondle with the closed mouth.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bring the mouth
or muzzle near.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bear <i>muzzles</i> and smells to
him.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Muz"zle-load`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A firearm
which receives its charge through the muzzle, as distinguished from
one which is loaded at the breech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muz"zle-load`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Receiving its
charge through the muzzle; as, a <i>muzzle-loading</i>
rifle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muz"zy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>muse</i>.]
<def>Absent-minded; dazed; muddled; stupid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole company stared at me with a whimsical,
<i>muzzy</i> look, like men whose senses were a little obfuscated by
beer rather than wine.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>My</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; poss. pron.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>mi</i>, fr. <i>min</i>. See <u>Mine</u>, and cf., for loss of
<i>n</i>, <u>A</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>An</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Of or belonging to me; -- used always
attributively; as, <i>my</i> body; <i>my</i> book; -- <i>mine</i> is
used in the predicate; as, the book is <i>mine</i>. See
<u>Mine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mya</i> a kind of
mussel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of bivalve mollusks,
including the common long, or soft-shelled, clam.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My*al"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
muscle + &?; pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pain in the muscles; muscular
rheumatism or neuralgia.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*all" wood`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A durable,
fragrant, and dark-colored Australian wood, used by the natives for
spears. It is obtained from the small tree <i>Acacia
homolophylla</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My*a"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of bivalve mollusks of which the
common clam (<i>Mya</i>) is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My*ce"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>my`khs</grk> a mushroom.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The white threads
or filamentous growth from which a mushroom or fungus is developed;
the so-called mushroom spawn.</def> -- <wf>My*ce"li*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Myc"e*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mycel</i>ium +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling mycelium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My*ce"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>mykhth`s</grk> a bellower, fr. <grk>myka^sqai</grk> to bellow.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of South American monkeys, including
the howlers. See <u>Howler</u>, 2, and <i>Illust.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Myc"e*toid</hw> (?), [Gr. <grk>my`khs</grk>, <grk>-htos</grk>,
a fungus + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling a
fungus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`co*der"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>my`khs</grk> a fungus + <grk>de`rma</grk> skin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the forms in which
bacteria group themselves; a more or less thick layer of motionless
but living bacteria, formed by the bacteria uniting on the surface of
the fluid in which they are developed.  This production differs from
the zo&ouml;gl&oelig;a stage of bacteria by not having the
intermediary mucous substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A genus of micro&ouml;rganisms of which
the acetic ferment (<i>Mycoderma aceti</i>), which converts alcoholic
fluids into vinegar, is a representative.  Cf.
<u>Mother</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>My`co*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>My`co*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to mycology, or the
fungi.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*col"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in, or who studies, mycology.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>my`khs</grk> fungus + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of
botanical science which relates to the mushrooms and other
fungi.</def></p>

<p><hw>My`co*mel"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. (spurious)
<grk>my^kos</grk> mucus (L. <i>mucus</i>) + <grk>me`li</grk> honey.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a complex
nitrogenous acid of the alloxan group, obtained as a honey-yellow
powder.  Its solutions have a gelatinous consistency.</def></p>

<p><hw>My`co*pro"te*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. (spurious)
<grk>my^kos</grk> mucus (L. <i>mucus</i>) + E. <i>protein</i>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The protoplasmic matter of which bacteria are
composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"cose</hw> (-k&omacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>my`khs</grk> a mushroom.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A variety of
sugar, isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and
fungi. Called also <i>trehalose</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>mykose</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 959 !></p>

<p><hw>||Myc"o*thrix</hw> (m&imacr;k"&osl;*thr&ibreve;ks),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. (spurious) <grk>my`khs</grk> mucus
(L. <i>mucus</i>) + <grk>qri`x</grk>, <grk>tricho`s</grk>, hair.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The chain of micrococci formed by the division of
the micrococci in multiplication.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*da"le*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>myda^n</grk> to be clammy (from decay).] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>A toxic alkaloid (ptomaine) obtained from putrid flesh and from
herring brines. As a poison it is said to execute profuse
diarrh&oelig;a, vomiting, and intestinal inflammation.</def>
<i>Brieger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Myd`a*tox"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>myda^n</grk> to be clammy (from decay) + <i>tox</i>ic +
<i>in</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A poisonous amido acid,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>13</sub>NO<sub>2</sub>, separated by Brieger from
decaying horseflesh. In physiological action, it is similar to
curare.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Myd"a*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>myda^n</grk> to be clammy or damp.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
teledu.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My*dri"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Physiol. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>A long-continued or excessive
dilatation of the pupil of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myd`ri*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
dilatation of the pupil.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mydriatic medicine or agent, as belladonna.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`e*len*ceph"a*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Myelencephalon</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Vertebrata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>My`e*len`ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the myelencephalon; cerebro-
spinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`e*len*ceph"a*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>myelo`s</grk> marrow + E. <i>encephalon</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The brain and spinal cord;
the cerebro-spinal axis; the neuron. Sometimes abbreviated to
<i>myelencephal</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
metencephalon.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>My`e*len*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Myelencephala.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"e*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.  marrow.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A soft white
substance constituting the medullary sheaths of nerve fibers, and
composed mainly of cholesterin, lecithin, cerebrin, albumin, and some
fat.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of a group of phosphorized
principles occurring in nerve tissue, both in the brain and nerve
fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`e*li"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>myelo`s</grk> marrow + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of the spinal marrow or its membranes.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"e*lo*c&oelig;le`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>myelo`s</grk> marrow + <grk>koi^los</grk> hollow.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The central canal of the spinal cord.</def></p>

<p><hw>My`e*lo*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>myelo`s</grk> marrow + the root of &?; to be born.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Derived from, or pertaining to, the bone
marrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"e*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>myelo`s</grk> marrow + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling marrow in
appearance or consistency; as, a <i>myeloid</i> tumor.</def></p>

<p><hw>My`e*loid"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Myelin</i> +
<i>-oid</i> + <i>-in</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A substance,
present in the protoplasm of the retinal epithelium cells, and
resembling, if not identical with, the substance (<i>myelin</i>)
forming the medullary sheaths of nerve fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My"e*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>myelo`s</grk> marrow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The spinal cord.
(Sometimes abbrev. to <i>myel</i>.)</def></p>

<p><hw>My"e*lo`nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the myelon; as, the <i>myelonal</i>, or
spinal, nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`e*lo*neu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>myelo`s</grk> + <grk>ney^ron</grk> a nerve.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Vertebrata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My*el"o*plax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Myeloplaxes</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Myeloplaces</b></plw>
(#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>myelo`s</grk> marrow + &?; anything flat and
broad.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the huge multinucleated cells
found in the marrow of bone and occasionally in other parts; a giant
cell. See <u>Osteoclast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Myg"a*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a field mouse,
Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of very large hairy
spiders having four lungs and only four spinnerets. They do not spin
webs, but usually construct tubes in the earth, which are often
furnished with a trapdoor. The South American bird spider (<i>Mygale
avicularia</i>), and the crab spider, or matoutou (<i>M.
cancerides</i>) are among the largest species. Some of the species
are erroneously called <i>tarantulas</i>, as the Texas tarantula
(<i>M. Hentzii</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Myl"o*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a mill +
<grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>An extinct genus of large slothlike American edentates, allied
to Megatherium.</def></p>

<p><hw>My`lo*hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the molar
teeth + E. <i>hyoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or in
the region of, the lower jaw and the hyoid apparatus; as, the
<i>mylohyoid</i> nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Mino bird</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of Asiatic
starlings of the genera <i>Acridotheres</i>, <i>Sturnopastor</i>,
<i>Sturnia</i>, <i>Gracula</i>, and allied genera. In habits they
resemble the European starlings, and like them are often caged and
taught to talk. See <i>Hill myna</i>, under <u>Hill</u>, and <u>Mino
bird</u>.</def> [Spelt also <i>mynah</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Myn"chen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>mynecen</i>,
fr. <i>munec</i> monk. See <u>Monk</u>.] <def>A nun.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Myn"cher*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nunnery; -- a
term still applied to the ruins of certain nunneries in
England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myn*heer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>mijnheer</i>.]
<def>The Dutch equivalent of <i>Mr</i>. or <i>Sir</i>; hence, a
Dutchman.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"o-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form of Gr. &?;, &?;, a
<i>muscle</i>; as, <i>myo</i>graph, <i>myo</i>chrome.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`o*car*di"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. see
<u>Myocardium</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
myocardium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`o*car"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, muscle + &?; heart.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The main substance
of the muscular wall of the heart inclosed between the epicardium and
endocardium.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"o*chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Myo-</i> + Gr.
&?; color.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A colored albuminous substance in
the serum from red-colored muscles. It is identical with
hemoglobin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`o*com"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Myocommata</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Myocommas</b></plw> (#).
[NL. See <u>Myo-</u>, and <u>Comma</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
myotome.</def></p>

<p><hw>My`o*dy*nam"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Myo-</i> +
<i>dynamics</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The department of physiology
which deals with the principles of muscular contraction; the exercise
of muscular force or contraction.</def></p>

<p><hw>My`o*dy*na`mi*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
myodynamometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>My`o*dy`na*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Myo-
</i> + E. <i>dynamometer</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument
for measuring the muscular strength of man or of other animals; a
dynamometer.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>My`o*ep`i*the"li*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Myo-
</i> + <i>epithelial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Derived from epithelial cells and destined to become a part of
the muscular system; -- applied to structural elements in certain
embryonic forms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the
characteristics of both muscle and epithelium; as, the
<i>myoepithelial</i> cells of the hydra.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*og"a*lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Myo-</i> + Gr.
&?; a weasel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
<i>Myogalod&aelig;</i>, a family of Insectivora, including the
desman, and allied species.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Myo-</i> + <i>-
gram</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>See <i>Muscle curve</i>, under
<u>Muscle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Myo-</i> + <i>-
graph</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for determining and
recording the different phases, as the intensity, velocity, etc., of
a muscular contraction.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>My`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>My`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to myography.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>myographie</i>.] <def>The description of muscles, including the
study of muscular contraction by the aid of registering apparatus, as
by some form of myograph; myology.</def></p>

<p><hw>My`o*h&aelig;m"a*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Myo-
</i> + <i>h&aelig;matin</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A red-colored
respiratory pigment found associated with hemoglobin in the muscle
tissue of a large number of animals, both vertebrate and
invertebrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Myo-</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Composed of, or resembling, muscular fiber.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`o*lem"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, a muscle + &?; skin.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Sarcolemma.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"o*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
muscle.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The essential material of muscle
fibers.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>My`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>My`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to myology.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled
in myology.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Myo-</i> + <i>-
logy</i>: cf. F. <i>myologie</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy which
treats of muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My*o"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Myo-</u>,
and <u>-oma</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor consisting of muscular
tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>my^s</grk> mouse + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by the
movements of mice.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"o*morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Myomorpha.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`o*mor"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>my^s</grk>, <grk>myo`s</grk>, a mouse + &?; form.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive group of rodents which includes
the rats, mice, jerboas, and many allied forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`o*pa*thi"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, a muscle + &?;, &?;, to suffer.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any
affection of the muscles or muscular system.</def></p>

<p><hw>My`o*path"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to myopathia.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*op"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Myopathia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"ope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;;
&?; to close, shut the eyes + &?;, &?;, the eye.] <def>A person
having myopy; a myops.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"o*phan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Myo-</i> + Gr.
&?; to show.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A contractile striated layer
found in the bodies and stems of certain Infusoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*o"pi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Myope</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Nearsightedness; shortsightedness;
a condition of the eye in which the rays from distant object are
brought to a focus before they reach the retina, and hence form an
indistinct image; while the rays from very near objects are normally
converged so as to produce a distinct image. It is corrected by the
use of a concave lens.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*op"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
affected with, or characterized by, myopia; nearsighted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Myopic astigmatism</b></col>, <cd>a condition in which the
eye is affected with myopia in one meridian only.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||My"ops</hw> (m&imacr;"&obreve;ps), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL.] <def>See <u>Myope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My*op"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
fly + &?; sight.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The appearance of musc&aelig;
volitantes. See <i>Musc&aelig; volitantes</i>, under
<u>Musca</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"o*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>myopie</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Myopia.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"o*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, a muscle.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An albuminous body present in dead
muscle, being formed in the process of coagulation which takes place
in <i>rigor mortis</i>; the clot formed in the coagulation of muscle
plasma. See <i>Muscle plasma</i>, under <u>Plasma</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Myosin belongs to the group of globulins. It is insoluble
in water, but soluble in dilute solution of salt, and is especially
characterized by being completely precipitated by saturation of its
solutions with salt.</p>

<p><hw>||My*o"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; to
close the eyes or lips.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Long-continued
contraction of the pupil of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>My`o*sit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Myotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`o*si"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, muscle + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`o*so"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr. &?;,
lit., mouse ear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants. See <u>Mouse-
ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Myosis</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing myosis, or contraction of the pupil of
the eye, as opium, calabar bean, etc.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A myotic agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>My"o*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Myotomy</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A muscular segment; one of
the zones into which the muscles of the trunk, especially in fishes,
are divided; a myocomma.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the
embryonic muscular segments arising from the protovertebr&aelig;;
also, one of the protovertebr&aelig; themselves.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The muscular system of one metamere of an
articulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>My`o*tom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a myotome or myotomes.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Myo-</i> + Gr.
&?; to cut: cf. F. <i>myotomie</i>.] <def>The dissection, or that
part of anatomy which treats of the dissection, of muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Myr"ci*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A large genus of tropical American trees and shrubs, nearly
related to the true myrtles (<i>Myrtus</i>), from which they differ
in having very few seeds in each berry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"i*a-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; a myriad. See <u>Myriad</u>.]
<def>A prefix, esp. in the metric system, indicating <i>ten
thousand</i>, <i>ten thousand times</i>; as,
<i>myria</i>meter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr`i*a*can"thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
numberless + <grk>'a`kanqa</grk> a spine.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having numerous spines, as certain fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"i*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?;
numberless, pl. &?; ten thousand: cf. F. <i>myriade</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The number of ten thousand; ten thousand
persons or things.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An immense number; a very great many; an
indefinitely large number.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"i*ad</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of a very
great, but indefinite, number; as, <i>myriad</i> stars.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Myr"i*a*gram</hw>, <hw>Myr"i*a*gramme</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>myriagramme</i>. See <u>Myria-</u>, and
3d <u>Gram</u>.] <def>A metric weight, consisting of ten thousand
grams or ten kilograms. It is equal to 22.046 lbs.
avoirdupois.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Myr"i*a*li`ter</hw>, <hw>Myr"i*a*li`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>myrialitre</i>. See <u>Myria-</u>, and
<u>Liter</u>.] <def>A metric measure of capacity, containing ten
thousand liters. It is equal to 2641.7 wine gallons.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Myr"i*a*me`ter</hw>, <hw>Myr"i*a*me`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>myriam&egrave;tre</i>. See <u>Myria-</u>,
and <u>Meter</u>.] <def>A metric measure of length, containing ten
thousand meters. It is equal to 6.2137 miles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"i*a*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>myriapode</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Myriapoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Myr`i*ap"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; numberless + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class,
or subclass, of arthropods, related to the hexapod insects, from
which they differ in having the body made up of numerous similar
segments, nearly all of which bear true jointed legs. They have one
pair of antenn&aelig;, three pairs of mouth organs, and numerous
trache&aelig;, similar to those of true insects.  The larv&aelig;,
when first hatched, often have but three pairs of legs. See
<u>Centiped</u>, <u>Galleyworm</u>, <u>Milliped</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The existing Myriapoda are divided into three orders:
<i>Chilopoda</i>, <i>Chilognatha</i> or <i>Diplopoda</i>, and
<i>Pauropoda</i> (see these words in the Vocabulary). Large fossil
species (very different from any living forms) are found in the
Carboniferous formation.</p>

<p><hw>Myr"i*arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;; &?;
ten thousand + &?; chief.] <def>A captain or commander of ten
thousand men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"i*are</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Myria-
</u>, and 2d <u>Are</u>.] <def>A measure of surface in the metric
system containing ten thousand ares, or one million square meters. It
is equal to about 247.1 acres.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My*ri"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
tamarisk.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A widely dispersed genus of shrubs and
trees, usually with aromatic foliage. It includes the bayberry or wax
myrtle, the sweet gale, and the North American sweet fern, so
called.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"i*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>myricine</i>. Prob. so called from a fancied resemblance to the
wax of the bayberry (<i>Myrica</i>).] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A silky,
crystalline, waxy substance, forming the less soluble part of
beeswax, and regarded as a palmitate of a higher alcohol of the
paraffin series; -- called also <i>myricyl alcohol</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"i*cyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Myric</i>in +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical regarded as
the essential residue of myricin; -- called also
<i>melissyl</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr`i*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
relating to a myriologue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr`i*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
composes or sings a myriologue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"i*o*logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>myriologue</i>, <i>myriologie</i>, NGr. &?;, &?;, fr. Gr.
<grk>Moi^ra</grk> the goddess of fate or death + <grk>lo`gos</grk>
speech, discourse.] <def>An extemporaneous funeral song, composed and
sung by a woman on the death of a friend.</def> [Modern Greece]</p>

<p><hw>Myr`i*oph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
numberless + <grk>fy`llon</grk> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having an
indefinitely great or countless number of leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Myr`i*op"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Myriapoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr`i*o*ra"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
numberless + &?; a sight, fr. &?; to see.] <def>A picture made up of
several smaller pictures, drawn upon separate pieces in such a manner
as to admit of combination in many different ways, thus producing a
great variety of scenes or landscapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"i*o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
numberless + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>A form of kaleidoscope.</def></p>

<p><! p. 960 !></p>

<p><hw>My*ris"tate</hw> (m&ibreve;*r&ibreve;s"t&asl;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of myristic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*ris"tic</hw> (m&ibreve;*r&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived
from, the nutmeg (<i>Myristica</i>). Specifically, designating an
acid found in nutmeg oil and otoba fat, and extracted as a white
crystalline waxy substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*ris"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The myristate of glycerin, -- found as a vegetable fat in nutmeg
butter, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*ris"tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Myrist</i>ic +
<i>-one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The ketone of myristic acid,
obtained as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"mi*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to <i>Myrmica</i>, a genus of ants including
the small house ant (<i>M. molesta</i>), and many others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"mi*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Myrmidones</i>, Gr. &?;, pl.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of a
fierce tribe or troop who accompanied Achilles, their king, to the
Trojan war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A soldier or a subordinate civil officer
who executes cruel orders of a superior without protest or pity; --
sometimes applied to bailiffs, constables, etc.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With unabated ardor the vindictive man of law and his
<i>myrmidons</i> pressed forward.</blockquote> <i>W. H.
Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Myr`mi*do"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting
of, or like, myrmidons.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Myr`mo*the"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an ant
+ &?; to hunt.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feeding upon ants; -- said
of certain birds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>My*rob"a*lan</hw> (?), <hw>My*rob"o*lan</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>myrobalanum</i> the fruit of a palm tree
from which a balsam was made, Gr. &?;; &?; any sweet juice distilling
from plants, any prepared unguent or sweet oil + &?; an acorn or any
similar fruit: cf. F. <i>myrobolan</i>.] <def>A dried astringent
fruit much resembling a prune. It contains tannin, and was formerly
used in medicine, but is now chiefly used in tanning and dyeing.
Myrobolans are produced by various species of <i>Terminalia</i> of
the East Indies, and of <i>Spondias</i> of South America.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*ron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a sweet-
smelling unguent.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained
from, mustard; -- used specifically to designate a glucoside called
<i>myronic acid</i>, found in mustard seed.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*rop"o*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
unguent + &?; to sell.] <def>One who sells unguents or
perfumery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jonhson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Myr"o*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
ferment, resembling diastase, found in mustard seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My*rox"y*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a sweet juice distilling from a plant + &?; wood.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of leguminous trees of tropical America, the different
species of which yield balsamic products, among which are balsam of
Peru, and balsam of Tolu. The species were formerly referred to
<i>Myrospermum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myrrh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>mirre</i>, OF.
<i>mirre</i>, F. <i>myrrhe</i>, L. <i>myrrha</i>, <i>murra</i>, Gr.
&?;; cf. Ar. <i>murr</i> bitter, also myrrh, Heb. <i>mar</i> bitter.]
<def>A gum resin, usually of a yellowish brown or amber color, of an
aromatic odor, and a bitter, slightly pungent taste. It is valued for
its odor and for its medicinal properties. It exudes from the bark of
a shrub of Abyssinia and Arabia, the <i>Balsamodendron Myrrha</i>.
The myrrh of the Bible is supposed to have been partly the gum above
named, and partly the exudation of species of <i>Cistus</i>, or
rockrose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>False myrrh</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Bdellium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Myr"rhic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or obtained from, myrrh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"rhine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Murrhine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>myrtaceus</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
resembling, a large and important natural order of trees and shrubs
(<i>Myrtace&aelig;</i>), of which the myrtle is the type. It includes
the genera <i>Eucalyptus</i>, <i>Pimenta</i>, <i>Lechythis</i>, and
about seventy more.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>myrtus</i>
myrtle + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>myrtiforme</i>.] <def>Resembling
myrtle or myrtle berries; having the form of a myrtle leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"tle</hw> (m&etilde;r"t'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>myrtil</i> bilberry, prop., a little myrtle, from <i>myrte</i>
myrtle, L. <i>myrtus</i>, <i>murtus</i>, Gr. <grk>my`rtos</grk>; cf.
Per. <i>m&umacr;rd</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of the genus
<i>Myrtus</i>, especially <i>Myrtus communis</i>. The common myrtle
has a shrubby, upright stem, eight or ten feet high. Its branches
form a close, full head, thickly covered with ovate or lanceolate
evergreen leaves. It has solitary axillary white or rosy flowers,
followed by black several-seeded berries. The ancients considered it
sacred to Venus. The flowers, leaves, and berries are used variously
in perfumery and as a condiment, and the beautifully mottled wood is
used in turning.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also popularly but wrongly applied in America
to two creeping plants, the blue-flowered periwinkle and the yellow-
flowered moneywort. In the West Indies several myrtaceous shrubs are
called <i>myrtle</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Bog myrtle</b></col>, <cd>the sweet gale.</cd> --
<col><b>Crape myrtle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Crape</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Myrtle warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a North
American wood warbler (<i>Dendroica coronata</i>); -- called also
<i>myrtle bird</i>, <i>yellow-rumped warbler</i>, and <i>yellow-
crowned warbler</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Myrtle wax</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Bayberry tallow</i>, under
<u>Bayberry</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand myrtle</b></col>, <cd>a low,
branching evergreen shrub (<i>Leiophyllum buxifolium</i>), growing in
New Jersey and southward.</cd> -- <col><b>Wax myrtle</b></col>
<cd>(<i>Myrica cerifera</i>). See <u>Bayberry</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>My*self"</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ourselves</b></plw> (&?;). <def>I or me in person; -- used
for emphasis, my own self or person; as I <i>myself</i> will do it; I
have done it <i>myself</i>; -- used also instead of <i>me</i>, as the
object of the first person of a reflexive verb, without emphasis; as,
I will defend <i>myself</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*selv"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos>
<def>Myself.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||My"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
closing of the lips or eyes.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
small schizopod shrimps found both in fresh and salt water; the
opossum shrimps. One species inhabits the Great Lakes of North
America, and is largely eaten by the whitefish. The marine species
form part of the food of right whales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mys"ta*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>my`stax</grk> mustache.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the upper lip, or mustache.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mys`ta*gog"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mys`ta*gog"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to interpretation of
mysteries or to mystagogue; of the nature of mystagogy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mys"ta*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mystagogus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; one initiated in mysteries + &?;
leading, n., a leader, fr. &?; to lead: cf. F. <i>mystagogue</i>. See
1st <u>Mystery</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who interprets
mysteries, especially of a religious kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps and shows church
relics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mys"ta*go`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrines, principles, or practice of a mystagogue; interpretation of
mysteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mys*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Mysterious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mys*te"ri*arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>mysteriarches</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; mystery + &?; chief.] <def>One
presiding over mysteries.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Mys*te"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>myst&egrave;rieux</i>. See 1st <u>Mystery</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to mystery; containing a mystery; difficult or impossible
to understand; obscure; not revealed or explained; enigmatical;
incomprehensible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God at last<BR>
To Satan, first in sin, his doom applied,<BR>
Thought in <i>mysterious</i> terms.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Obscure; secret; occult; dark; mystic; cabalistic;
enigmatical; unintelligible; incomprehensible.</p>

<p><hw>Mys*te"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
mysterious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mys*te"ri*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being
mysterious.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something mysterious; a mystery.</def>
[R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mys"ter*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Mysterized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Mysterizing</u> (?).] <def>To make mysterious; to
make a mystery of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mys"ter*y</hw> (m&ibreve;s"t&etilde;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Mysteries</b></plw> (-
&ibreve;z). [L. <i>mysterium</i>, Gr. <grk>mysth`rion</grk>, fr.
<grk>my`sths</grk> one initiated in mysteries; cf. <grk>myei^n</grk>
to initiate into the mysteries, fr. <grk>my`ein</grk> to shut the
eyes.  Cf. <u>Mute</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A profound secret; something wholly unknown, or something kept
cautiously concealed, and therefore exciting curiosity or wonder;
something which has not been or can not be explained; hence,
specifically, that which is beyond human comprehension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We speak the wisdom of God in a
<i>mystery</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. ii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If God should please to reveal unto us this great
<i>mystery</i> of the Trinity, or some other <i>mysteries</i> in our
holy religion, we should not be able to understand them, unless he
would bestow on us some new faculties of the mind.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of secret religious celebration, to
which none were admitted except those who had been initiated by
certain preparatory ceremonies; -- usually plural; as, the Eleusinian
<i>mysteries</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The consecrated elements in the
eucharist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything artfully made difficult; an
enigma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mys"ter*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mysteries</b></plw>. [OE. <i>mistere</i>, OF. <i>mestier</i>,
F. <i>m&eacute;tier</i>, L. <i>ministerium</i>. See <u>Ministry</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A trade; a handicraft; hence, any business
with which one is usually occupied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fie upon him, he will discredit our
<i>mystery</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And that which is the noblest <i>mystery</i><BR>
Brings to reproach and common infamy.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dramatic representation of a Scriptural
subject, often some event in the life of Christ; a dramatic
composition of this character; as, the Chester <i>Mysteries</i>,
consisting of dramas acted by various craft associations in that city
in the early part of the 14th century.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>Mystery</i> plays," so called because acted by
craftsmen.</blockquote> <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mys"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Mys"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mysticus</i>, Gr. &?; belonging to secret
rites, from &?; one initiated: cf. F. <i>mystique</i>. See 1st
<u>Mystery</u>, <u>Misty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Remote from or
beyond human comprehension; baffling human understanding; unknowable;
obscure; mysterious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven's numerous hierarchy span<BR>
The <i>mystic</i> gulf from God to man.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God hath revealed a way <i>mystical</i> and
supernatural.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Importing or implying mysticism; involving
some secret meaning; allegorical; emblematical; as, a <i>mystic</i>
dance; <i>mystic</i> Babylon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus, then, did the spirit of unity and meekness
inspire every joint and sinew of the <i>mystical</i>
body.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Mys"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Mys"tic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mys"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One given to
mysticism; one who holds mystical views, interpretations, etc.;
especially, in ecclesiastical history, one who professed mysticism.
See <u>Mysticism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mys"ti*cete</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>my`stax</grk> the upper lip, also, the mustache +
<grk>kh^tos</grk> a whale.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any right whale,
or whalebone whale. See <u>Cetacea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mys"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mysticisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Obscurity of
doctrine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>The doctrine of the
Mystics, who professed a pure, sublime, and wholly disinterested
devotion, and maintained that they had direct intercourse with the
divine Spirit, and aquired a knowledge of God and of spiritual things
unattainable by the natural intellect, and such as can not be
analyzed or explained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The doctrine that the
ultimate elements or principles of knowledge or belief are gained by
an act or process akin to feeling or faith.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mys`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mystification</i>.] <def>The act of mystifying, or the state of
being mystied; also, something designed to, or that does,
mystify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reply of Pope seems very much as though he had
been playing off a <i>mystification</i> on his Grace.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mys"ti*fi*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
mystifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mys"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mystified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mystifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>mystifier</i>, fr. Gr. &?; + L. <i>-
ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See 1st <u>Mystery</u>, and <u>-
fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To involve in mystery; to make
obscure or difficult to understand; as, to <i>mystify</i> a passage
of Scripture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perplex the mind of; to puzzle; to
impose upon the credulity of ; as, to <i>mystify</i> an
opponent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He took undue advantage of his credulity and
<i>mystified</i> him exceedingly.</blockquote> <i>Ld.
Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>My"ta*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.  Cf.
<u>Metacism</u>.] <def>Too frequent use of the letter <i>m</i>, or of
the sound represented by it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>mythe</i>.] [Gr. <grk>my^qos</grk> myth, fable, tale, talk,
speech: cf. F. <i>mythe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A story of
great but unknown age which originally embodied a belief regarding
some fact or phenomenon of experience, and in which often the forces
of nature and of the soul are personified; an ancient legend of a
god, a hero, the origin of a race, etc.; a wonder story of
prehistoric origin; a popular fable which is, or has been, received
as historical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing existing only in
imagination, or whose actual existence is not verifiable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As for Mrs. Primmins's bones, they had been
<i>myths</i> these twenty years.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Myth history</b></col>, <cd>history made of, or mixed
with, myths.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mythe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Myth</u>.</def>  <i>Grote.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Myth"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Myth"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mythicus</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Myth</u>.]
<def>Of or relating to myths; described in a myth; of the nature of a
myth; fabulous; imaginary; fanciful.</def> -- <wf>Myth"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mythic</i> turf where danced the
nymphs.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hengist and Horsa, Vortigern and Rowena, Arthur and
Mordred, are <i>mythical</i> persons, whose very existence may be
questioned.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>My*thog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>myqogra`fos</grk>; <grk>my^qos</grk> + <grk>gra`fein</grk> to
write.] <def>A composer of fables.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*thol"o*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mythologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myth`o*lo"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mythologist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Myth`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Myth`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>mythologicus</i>: cf. F.
<i>mytholigique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to mythology or to myths;
mythical; fabulous.</def> -- <wf>Myth`o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>My*thol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mythologiste</i>.] <def>One versed in, or who writes on, mythology
or myths.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*thol"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>mythologiser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To relate, classify,
and explain, or attempt to explain, myths; to write upon
myths.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To construct and propagate
myths.</def></p>

<p><hw>My*thol"o*gi`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, mythologizes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Imagination has always been, and still is, in a
narrower sense, the great <i>mythologizer</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Myth"o*logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Mythology</u>.] <def>A fabulous narrative; a myth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>May we not . . . consider his history of the fall as
an excellent <i>mythologue</i>, to account for the origin of human
evil?</blockquote> <i>Geddes.</i></p>

<p><hw>My*thol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Mythologies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>mythologie</i>, L.
<i>mythologia</i>, Gr. <grk>myqologi`a</grk>; <grk>my^qos</grk>,
fable, myth + <grk>lo`gos</grk> speech, discourse.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science which treats of myths; a treatise
on myths.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body of myths; esp., the collective
myths which describe the gods of a heathen people; as, the
<i>mythology</i> of the Greeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myth"o*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>my^qos</grk> myth + <grk>pla`ssein</grk> to form.] <def>A
narration of mere fable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myth`o*p&oelig;"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>myqopoio`s</grk> making myths; <grk>my^qos</grk> myth +
<grk>poiei^n</grk> to make.] <def>Making or producing myths; giving
rise to mythical narratives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mythop&oelig;ic</i> fertility of the
Greeks.</blockquote> <i>Grote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Myth`o*po*et"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>my^qos</grk> myth + &?; able to make, producing, fr.
<grk>poiei^n</grk> to make.] <def>Making or producing myths or
mythical tales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myt"i*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Mytilus</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or pertaining to, the
genus Mytilus, or family <i>Mytilid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myt`i*lo*tox"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Mytilus</i> + <i>toxic</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A
poisonous base (leucomaine) found in the common mussel. It either
causes paralysis of the muscles, or gives rise to convulsions,
including death by an accumulation of carbonic acid in the
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Myt"i*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a sea mussel,
Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine bivalve shells,
including the common mussel. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Byssus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Myx"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a lamp nozzle, Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The distal end of the mandibles of a
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myx"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of marsipobranchs, including the hagfish. See
<u>Hag</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myx"i*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like, or pertaining to, the genus Myxine.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hagfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Myx`o*cys*to"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; mucus + &?; a bladder.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of Infusoria including the Noctiluca. See
<u>Noctiluca</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Myx*o"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Myxomata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; mucus + <i>-
oma</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor made up of a gelatinous tissue
resembling that found in the umbilical cord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myx"o*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; mucus, slime
+ <i>-pod</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rhizopod or moneran. Also
used adjectively; as, a <i>myxopod</i> state.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My*zon"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; to suck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Marsipobranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My`zo*stom"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>my`zein</grk> to suck + <grk>sto`ma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>,
mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of curious parasitic worms
found on crinoids. The body is short and disklike, with four pairs of
suckers and five pairs of hook-bearing parapodia on the under
side.</def></p>

<p><! p. 961 !></p>

<p><point26>N.</point26></p>

<p><hw>N</hw> (&ebreve;n), <def>the fourteenth letter of English
alphabet, is a vocal consonent, and, in allusion to its mode of
formation, is called the <i>dentinasal</i> or <i>linguanasal</i>
consonent. Its commoner sound is that heard in <i>ran</i>,
<i>done</i>; but when immediately followed in the same word by the
sound of <i>g</i> hard or <i>k</i> (as in <i>single</i>, <i>sink</i>,
<i>conquer</i>), it usually represents the same sound as the digraph
<i>ng</i> in <i>sing</i>, <i>bring</i>, etc. This is a simple but
related sound, and is called the <i>gutturo-nasal</i> consonent. See
<u>Guide to Pronunciation</u>, &sect;&sect; 243-246.</def></p>

<p>   The letter N came into English through the Latin and Greek from
the Ph&oelig;nician, which probably derived it from the Egyptian as
the ultimate origin. It is etymologically most closely related to M.
See <u>M</u>.</p>

<p><hw>N</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A measure of
space equal to half an M (or em); an en.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na</hw> (n&auml;), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>No, not.
See <u>No</u>.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nab</hw> (n&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Knap</u>,
<u>Knop</u>, <u>Knob</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The summit of an
eminence.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Firearms)</i> <def>The cock of a
gunlock.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Locksmithing)</i> <def>The keeper, or box
into which the lock is shot.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nab</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nabbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nabbing</u>.] [Dan <i>nappe</i>, or Sw. <i>nappa</i>.] <def>To
catch or seize suddenly or unexpectedly.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"bit</hw> (n&amacr;"b&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pulverized sugar candy.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Nabk</hw> (n&abreve;bk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>nabiqa</i>, <i>nibqa</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The edible berries
of the <i>Zizyphys Lotus</i>, a tree of Northern Africa, and
Southwestern Europe.</def> [Written also <i>nubk</i>.] See
<u>Lotus</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, and <u>Sadr</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Na"bob</hw> (n&amacr;"b&obreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>naw&amacr;b</i>, from Ar. <i>naw&amacr;b</i>, pl. of
<i>n&amacr;&iuml;b</i> a vicegerent, governor. Cf <u>Nawab</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A deputy or viceroy in India; a governor of a
province of the ancient Mogul empire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who returns to Europe from the East
with immense riches: hence, any man of great wealth.</def> " A
bilious old <i>nabob</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nac"a*rat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>nacarat</i>,
fr. Sp. or Pg. <i>nacarado</i>, fr. <i>n&aacute;car</i> mother-of-
pearl. See <u>Nacre</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pale red color,
with a cast of orange.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fine linen or crape dyed of this
color.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nack"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Nacre</u>.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., cf. Sp.
<i>n&aacute;cara</i>, <i>n&aacute;car</i>, It. <i>nacchera</i>,
<i>naccaro</i>, LL. <i>nacara</i>, <i>nacrum</i>; of Oriental origin,
cf. Ar. <i>nak&imacr;r</i> hollowed.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
pearly substance which lines the interior of many shells, and is most
perfect in the mother-of-pearl. [Written also <i>nacker</i> and
<i>naker</i>.] See <u>Pearl</u>, and <u>Mother-of-
pearl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"cre*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Nacre</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Consisting of, or resembling, nacre;
pearly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nad</hw> (?), <hw>Nad"de</hw> (?) }. [Contr. fr. <i>ne
hadde</i>.] <def>Had not.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nad"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>n&aelig;dre</i>. See <u>Adder</u>.] <def>An adder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"dir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., Sp., &amp; It.
<i>nadir</i>; all fr. Ar. <i>nas&imacr;ru's samt</i> nadir, prop.,
the point opposite the zenith (<i>as samt</i>), in which
<i>nas&imacr;r</i> means alike, corresponding to.  Cf.
<u>Azimuth</u>, <u>Zenith</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That point of
the heavens, or lower hemisphere, directly opposite the zenith; the
inferior pole of the horizon; the point of the celestial sphere
directly under the place where we stand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The lowest point; the time of greatest
depression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The seventh century is the <i>nadir</i> of the human
mind in Europe.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Nadir of the sun</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the axis
of the conical shadow projected by the earth.</cd>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>||N&aelig;"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Nenia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>N&aelig;ve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>naevus</i>.]
<def>A n&aelig;vus.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>N&aelig;"void</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>N&aelig;vus</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling a n&aelig;vus or
n&aelig;vi; as, <i>n&aelig;void</i> elephantiasis.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>N&aelig;"vose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spotted;
freckled.</def></p>

<p><hw>||N&aelig;"vus</hw> (n&emacr;"v&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>N&aelig;vi</b></plw> (-
v&imacr;). [L.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A spot or mark on the skin of
children when born; a birthmark; -- usually applied to vascular
tumors, i. e., those consisting mainly of blood vessels, as dilated
arteries, veins, or capillaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nag</hw> (n&abreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nagge</i>,
D. <i>negge</i>; akin to E. <i>neigh</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
small horse; a pony; hence, any horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A paramour; -- in contempt.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nagging</u> (?).] [Cf. Sw. <i>nagga</i> to nibble, peck, Dan.
<i>nage</i> to gnaw, Icel. <i>naga</i>, <i>gnaga</i>, G.
<i>nagen</i>, &amp; E. <i>gnaw</i>.] <def>To tease in a petty way; to
scold habitually; to annoy; to fret pertinaciously.</def> [Colloq.]
"She never <i>nagged</i>."  <i>J. Ingelow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nag"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fault-finding;
teasing; persistently annoying; as, a <i>nagging</i> toothache.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Nag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Irritable;
touchy.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Na"gor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A West African gazelle (<i>Gazella redunca</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Nag"yag*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>Nagyag</i>, in Transylvania.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of
blackish lead-gray color and metallic luster, generally of a foliated
massive structure; foliated tellurium. It is a telluride of lead and
gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"iad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>naias</i>, <i>-
adis</i>, <i>na&iuml;s</i>, <i>-idis</i>, a water nymph, Gr &?;, &?;,
fr. &?;  to flow: cf. F. <i>na&iuml;ade</i>.  Cf. <u>Naid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A water nymph; one of the
lower female divinities, fabled to preside over some body of fresh
water, as a lake, river, brook, or fountain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of a tribe
(<i>Naiades</i>) of freshwater bivalves, including <i>Unio</i>,
<i>Anodonta</i>, and numerous allied genera; a river
mussel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>One of a group of
butterflies. See <u>Nymph</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the order
<i>Naiadace&aelig;</i>, such as eelgrass, pondweed, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"iant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>See
<u>Natant</u>.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Naiad</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of small, fresh-
water, ch&aelig;topod annelids of the tribe <i>Naidina</i>. They
belong to the <i>Oligoch&aelig;ta</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"&iuml;f`</hw> (&?;; <i>formerly</i> &?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>na&iuml;f</i>. See <u>Na&iuml;ve</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a true natural luster without being
cut; -- applied by jewelers to a precious stone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Na&iuml;ve; as, a <i>na&iuml;f</i>
remark.</def>  <i>London Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Na"ik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>n&amacr;yak</i>.] <def>A chief; a leader; a Sepoy corporal.</def>
<i>Balfour (Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Nail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>n&aelig;gel</i>,
akin to D. <i>nagel</i>, OS &?; OHG. <i>nagal</i>, G. <i>nagel</i>,
Icel. <i>nagl</i>, nail (in sense 1), <i>nagli</i> nail (in sense 3),
Sw. <i>nagel</i> nail (in senses 1 and 3), Dan. <i>nagle</i>, Goth.
<i>ganagljan</i> to nail, Lith. <i>nagas</i> nail (in sense 1), Russ.
<i>nogote</i>, L. <i>unguis</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>nakha</i>. &?;]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>the horny scale of plate of
epidermis at the end of the fingers and toes of man and many
apes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>nayles</i> like a briddes claws
were.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The nails are strictly homologous with hoofs and claws.
When compressed, curved, and pointed, they are called <i>talons</i>
or <i>claws</i>, and the animal bearing them is said to be
<i>unguiculate</i>; when they incase the extremities of the digits
they are called <i>hoofs</i>, and the animal is <i>ungulate</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The basal thickened portion of the anterior wings of certain
hemiptera.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The terminal horny plate on
the beak of ducks, and other allied birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A slender, pointed piece of metal, usually
with a head, used for fastening pieces of wood or other material
together, by being driven into or through them.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The different sorts of nails are named either from the use
to which they are applied, from their shape, from their size, or from
some other characteristic, as shingle, floor, ship-carpenters', and
horseshoe nails, roseheads, diamonds, fourpenny, tenpenny (see
<u>Penny</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>), chiselpointed, cut, wrought, or
wire nails, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A measure of length, being two inches and
a quarter, or the sixteenth of a yard.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nail ball</b></col> <i>(Ordnance)</i>, <cd>a round
projectile with an iron bolt protruding to prevent it from turning in
the gun.</cd> -- <col><b>Nail plate</b></col>, <cd>iron in plates
from which cut nails are made.</cd> -- <col><b>On the nail</b></col>,
<cd>in hand; on the spot; immediately; without delay or time of
credit; as, to pay money <i>on the nail</i>.</cd> "You shall have ten
thousand pounds <i>on the nail</i>." <i>Beaconsfield.</i> --
<col><b>To hit the nail on the head</b></col>, <cd>to hit most
effectively; to do or say a thing in the right way.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nailed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nailing</u>.] [AS. <i>n&aelig;glian</i>. See <u>Nail</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten with a nail
or nails; to close up or secure by means of nails; as, to <i>nail</i>
boards to the beams.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is now dead, and <i>nailed</i> in his
chest.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stud or boss with nails, or as with
nails.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rivets of your arms were <i>nailed</i> with
gold.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fasten, as with a nail; to bind or
hold, as to a bargain or to acquiescence in an argument or assertion;
hence, to catch; to trap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When they came to talk of places in town, you saw at
once how I <i>nailed</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To spike, as a cannon.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To nail</b></col> <col><b>a lie or an assertion</b></col>,
etc., <cd>to detect and expose it, so as to put a stop to its
currency; -- an expression probably derived from the former practice
of shopkeepers, who were accustomed to nail bad or counterfeit pieces
of money to the counter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nail"brush`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brush for
cleaning the nails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nail"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One whose occupation is to make nails; a nail maker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who fastens with, or drives,
nails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nail"er*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A women who makes
nailes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nail"er*y</hw> (?), n.; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Naileries</b></plw>
(&?;). <def>A manufactory where nails are made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nail"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
head like that of a nail; formed so as to resemble the head of a
nail.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nail-headed characters</b></col>, <cd>arrowheaded or
cuneiform characters. See under <u>Arrowheaded</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Nail-headed molding</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an ornament
consisting of a series of low four-sided pyramids resembling the
heads of large nails; -- called also <i>nail-head molding</i>, or
<i>nail-head</i>. It is the same as the simplest form of dogtooth.
See <u>Dogtooth</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nail"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without nails;
having no nails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nain`sook"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nainsukh</i>, a
valley in Kaghan.] <def>A thick sort of jaconet muslin, plain or
striped, formerly made in India.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Na"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a naiad.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Naiad</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nais`sant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. pr. of
<i>na&icirc;tre</i> to be born, L. <i>nasci</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Jessant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"&iuml;ve`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>na&iuml;f</i>, fem. <i>na&iuml;ve</i>, fr. L. <i>nativus</i>
innate, natural, native. See <u>Native</u>, and cf.
<u>Na&iuml;f</u>.] <def>Having native or unaffected simplicity;
ingenuous; artless; frank; as, <i>na&iuml;ve</i> manners; a
<i>na&iuml;ve</i> person; <i>na&iuml;ve</i> and unsophisticated
remarks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"&iuml;ve`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
na&iuml;ve manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Na`&iuml;ve`t&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
See <u>Na&iuml;ve</u>, and cf. <u>Nativity</u>.] <def>Native
simplicity; unaffected plainness or ingenuousness;
artlessness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A story which pleases me by its
<i>na&iuml;vet&eacute;</i> -- that is, by its unconscious
ingenuousness.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"&iuml;ve`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Na&iuml;vet&eacute;.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nake</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
naked.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, be ready, <i>nake</i> your swords.</blockquote>
<i>Old Play.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"ked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>nacod</i>; akin
to D. <i>naakt</i>, G. <i>nackt</i>, OHG. <i>nacchot</i>,
<i>nahhot</i>, Icel. <i>n&ouml;kvi&eth;r</i>, <i>nakinn</i>, Sw.
<i>naken</i>, Dan. <i>n&ouml;gen</i>, Goth. <i>naqa&thorn;s</i>,
Lith. <i>n&uring;gas</i>, Russ. <i>nagii</i>, L. <i>nudus</i>, Skr.
<i>nagna</i>. &radic;266.  Cf. <u>Nude</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having no clothes on; uncovered; nude;
bare; as, a <i>naked</i> body; a <i>naked</i> limb; a <i>naked</i>
sword.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no means of defense or protection;
open; unarmed; defenseless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy power is full <i>naked</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold my bosom <i>naked</i> to your
swords.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unprovided with needful or desirable
accessories, means of sustenance, etc.; destitute; unaided;
bare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Patriots who had exposed themselves for the public,
and whom they say now left <i>naked</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Without addition, exaggeration, or
excuses; not concealed or disguised; open to view; manifest;
plain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The truth appears so <i>naked</i> on my side,
That any purblind eye may find it out.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All things are <i>naked</i> and opened unto the eyes
of him with whom we to do.</blockquote> <i>Heb. iv. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Mere; simple; plain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The very <i>naked</i> name of love.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Without pubescence; as, a
<i>naked</i> leaf or stem; bare, or not covered by the customary
parts, as a flower without a perianth, a stem without leaves, seeds
without a pericarp, buds without bud scales.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Not having the full
complement of tones; -- said of a chord of only two tones, which
requires a third tone to be sounded with them to make the combination
pleasing to the ear; as, a <i>naked</i> fourth or fifth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Naked bed</b></col>, <cd>a bed the occupant of which is
naked, no night linen being worn in ancient times.</cd> <i>Shak.</i>
-- <col><b>Naked eye</b></col>, <cd>the eye alone, unaided by
glasses, or by telescope, microscope, or the like.</cd> --
<col><b>Naked-eyed medusa</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Hydromedusa</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Naked flooring</b></col>
<i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>the timberwork which supports a floor.</cd>
<i>Gwilt.</i> -- <col><b>Naked mollusk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a nudibranch.</cd> -- <col><b>Naked wood</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a large rhamnaceous tree (<i>Colibrina reclinata</i>) of Southern
Florida and the West Indies, having a hard and heavy heartwood, which
takes a fine polish.</cd>   <i>C. S. Sargent.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Nude; bare; denuded; uncovered; unclothed; exposed;
unarmed; plain; defenseless.</p>

<p><hw>Na"ked*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a naked manner;
without covering or disguise; manifestly; simply; barely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"ked*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The condition of being naked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>The privy parts; the
genitals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ham . . . saw the <i>nakedness</i> of his
father.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ix. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Nacre</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"ker</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nakere</i>, F.
<i>nakaire</i>, LL. <i>nacara</i>, Per. <i>naq&amacr;ret</i>.] <def>A
kind of kettledrum.</def> [Obs.]  <i> Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Na"koo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The gavial.</def> [Written also
<i>nako</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Nale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corrupt form arising
from the older "at &thorn;e<i>n ale</i>" at the nale.] <def>Ale;
also, an alehouse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Great feasts at the <i>nale</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Either fr. Icel.
<i>n&amacr;l</i> (see <u>Needle</u>); or fr. <i>awl</i>, like
<i>newt</i> fr. <i>ewt</i>.] <def>An awl.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nam</hw> (?). [Contr. fr. <i>ne am</i>.] <def>Am not.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nam</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Nim</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nam"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
named.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>namare</i>
to take; cf. AS. <i>niman</i> to take.] <i>(O. Eng. &amp; Scots Law)</i>
<def>A distraining or levying of a distress; an impounding.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nam"ay*cush</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Indian name.]
<i>(Zool.)</i> <def>A large North American lake trout (<i>Salvelinus
namaycush</i>). It is usually spotted with red, and sometimes weighs
over forty pounds. Called also <i>Mackinaw trout</i>, <i>lake
trout</i>, <i>lake salmon</i>, <i>salmon trout</i>, <i>togue</i>, and
<i>tuladi</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nam"by-pam`by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Ambrose
Phillips</i>, in ridicule of the extreme simplicity of some of his
verses.] <def>Talk or writing which is weakly sentimental or
affectedly pretty.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nam"by-pam`by</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affectedly
pretty; weakly sentimental; finical; insipid.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Namby-pamby</i> madrigals of love.</blockquote>
<i>W. Gifford.</i></p>

<p><! p. 962 !></p>

<p><hw>Name</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>nama</i>; akin to
D. <i>naam</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>namo</i>, G. <i>name</i>, Icel.
<i>nafn</i>, for <i>namn</i>, Dan. <i>navn</i>, Sw. <i>namn</i>,
Goth. <i>nam&omacr;</i>, L. <i>nomen</i> (perh. influenced by
<i>noscere</i>, <i>gnoscere</i>, to learn to know), Gr.
<grk>'o`mona</grk>, Scr. <i>n&amacr;man</i>. &radic;267.  Cf.
<u>Anonymous</u>, <u>Ignominy</u>, <u>Misnomer</u>, <u>Nominal</u>,
<u>Noun</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The title by which any person
or thing is known or designated; a distinctive specific appellation,
whether of an individual or a class.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was
the <i>name</i> thereof.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 19.  </i></p>

<p><blockquote>What's in a <i>name</i>? That which we call a rose<BR>
By any other <i>name</i> would smell as sweet.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A descriptive or qualifying appellation
given to a person or thing, on account of a character or
acts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>name</i> shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor,
The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of
Peace.</blockquote> <i>Is. ix. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Reputed character; reputation, good or
bad; estimation; fame; especially, illustrious character or fame;
honorable estimation; distinction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What men of <i>name</i> resort to him?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Far above . . . every <i>name</i> that is named, not
only in this world, but also in that which is to come.</blockquote>
<i>Eph. i. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will get me a <i>name</i> and honor in the
kingdom.</blockquote> <i>1 Macc. iii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath brought up an evil <i>name</i> upon a
virgin.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king's army . . . had left no good <i>name</i>
behind.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Those of a certain name; a race; a
family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ministers of the republic, mortal enemies of his
<i>name</i>, came every day to pay their feigned
civilities.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A person, an individual.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>They list with women each degenerate
<i>name</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Christian name</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The name
a person receives at baptism, as distinguished from <i>surname</i>;
baptismal name</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A given name, whether
received at baptism or not.</cd> -- <col><b>Given name</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Given</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>In name</b></col>, <cd>in
profession, or by title only; not in reality; as, a friend <i>in
name</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>In the name of</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In behalf of; by the authority of.</cd> " I
charge you <i>in the duke's name</i> to obey me." <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In the represented or assumed character
of.</cd> "I'll to him again <i>in name of</i> Brook." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Name plate</b></col>, <cd>a plate as of metal, glass, etc.,
having a name upon it, as a sign; a doorplate.</cd> -- <col><b>Pen
name</b></col>, <cd>a name assumed by an author; a pseudonym or nom
de plume.</cd> <i>Bayard Taylor.</i> -- <col><b>Proper name</b></col>
<i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a name applied to a particular person, place, or
thing.</cd> -- <col><b>To call names</b></col>, <cd>to apply
opprobrious epithets to; to call by reproachful appellations.</cd> --
<col><b>To take a name in vain</b></col>, <cd>to use a name lightly
or profanely; to use a name in making flippant or dishonest
oaths.</cd> <i>Ex. xx. 7.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Appellation; title; designation; cognomen;
denomination; epithet.  -- <u>Name</u>, <u>Appellation</u>,
<u>Title</u>, <u>Denomination</u>. <i>Name</i> is generic, denoting
that combination of sounds or letters by which a person or thing is
known and distinguished. <i>Appellation</i>, although sometimes put
for <i>name</i> simply, denotes, more properly, a <i>descriptive
term</i>, used by way of marking some individual peculiarity or
characteristic; as, Charles the <i>Bold</i>, Philip the
<i>Stammerer</i>. A <i>title</i> is a term employed to point out
one's rank, office, etc.; as, the <i>Duke</i> of Bedford, Paul the
<i>Apostle</i>, etc. <i>Denomination</i> is to particular bodies what
<i>appellation</i> is to individuals; thus, the church of Christ is
divided into different <i>denominations</i>, as Congregationalists,
Episcopalians, Presbyterians, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Name</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Named</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Naming</u>.] [AS. <i>namian</i>.  See <u>Name</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a distinctive
name or appellation to; to entitle; to denominate; to style; to
call.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>named</i> the child Ichabod.</blockquote> <i>1
Sam. iv. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus was the building left<BR>
Ridiculous, and the work Confusion <i>named</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mention by name; to utter or publish
the name of; to refer to by distinctive title; to mention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>None <i>named</i> thee but to praise.</blockquote>
<i>Halleck.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Old Yew, which graspest at the stones<BR>
That <i>name</i> the underlying dead.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To designate by name or specifically for
any purpose; to nominate; to specify; to appoint; as, to <i>name</i>
a day for the wedding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom late you have <i>named</i> for
consul.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(House of Commons)</i> <def>To designate (a
member) by name, as the Speaker does by way of reprimand.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To denominate; style; term; call; mention; specify;
designate; nominate.</p>

<p><hw>Name"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Without a name; not having been given a name; as, a
<i>nameless</i> star.</def>  <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Undistinguished; not noted or
famous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>nameless</i> dwelling and an unknown
name.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not known or mentioned by name; anonymous;
as, a <i>nameless</i> writer.</def>"<i>Nameless</i> pens."
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Unnamable; indescribable;
inexpressible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But what it is, that is not yet known; what<BR>
I can not name; &?;t is <i>nameless</i> woe,I wot.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a <i>nameless</i> horror of the
man.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Name"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a nameless
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Name"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>By name; by particular mention; specifically; especially;
expressly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The solitariness of man . . . God hath <i>namely</i>
and principally ordered to prevent by marriage.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That is to say; to wit; videlicet; --
introducing a particular or specific designation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the excellency of the soul, <i>namely</i>, its
power of divining dreams; that several such divinations have been
made, none &?;an question.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nam"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who names, or
calls by name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Name"sake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>name's
sake</i>; <i>i. e.</i>, one named for the sake of another's name.]
<def>One that has the same name as another; especially, one called
after, or named out of regard to, another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na*mo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>No more.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nan</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [For <i>anan</i>.]
<def>Anan.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Nan"dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African carnivore (<i>Nandinia
binotata</i>), allied to the civets. It is spotted with
black.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nan"dou</hw> (?), <hw>Nan"du</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Braz. <i>nhandu</i> or <i>yandu</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of three species of South American
ostriches of the genera <i>Rhea</i> and <i>Pterocnemia</i>. See
<u>Rhea</u>.</def> [Written also <i>nandow</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Nan*keen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
being originally manufactured at <i>Nankin</i>, in China.] [Written
also <i>nankin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A species of cloth, of a
firm texture, originally brought from China, made of a species of
cotton (<i>Gossypium religiosum</i>) that is naturally of a brownish
yellow color quite indestructible and permanent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An imitation of this cloth by artificial
coloring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Trousers made of nankeen.</def>
<i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Nankeen bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
Australian night heron (<i>Nycticorax Caledonicus</i>); -- called
also <i>quaker</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nan"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A diminutive of
<i>Ann</i> or <i>Anne</i>, the proper name.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nanny goat</b></col>, <cd>a female goat.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Nan"ny*ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sheepberry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nan"pie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The magpie.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Na"os</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; a temple, the cella.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A term used by
modern arch&aelig;ologists instead of <i>cella</i>. See
<u>Cella</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Napped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Napping</u> (?).] [OE. <i>nappen</i>, AS. <i>hn&aelig;ppian</i> to
take a nap, to slumber; cf. AS. <i>hnipian</i> to bend one's self,
Icel. <i>hnipna</i>, <i>hn&imacr;pa</i>, to droop.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a short sleep; to be drowsy; to
doze.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in a careless, secure state.</def>
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I took thee <i>napping</i>, unprepared.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short sleep; a doze; a
siesta.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>noppe</i>, AS.
<i>hnoppa</i>; akin to D. <i>nop</i>, Dan. <i>noppe</i>, LG.
<i>nobbe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Woolly or villous surface of
felt, cloth, plants, etc.; an external covering of down, of short
fine hairs or fibers forming part of the substance of anything, and
lying smoothly in one direction; the pile; -- as, the <i>nap</i> of
cotton flannel or of broadcloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The loops which are cut to make
the pile, in velvet.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To raise, or put, a nap
on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. akin to <i>knap</i>
a knop.] <def>The back part of the neck.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nape"-crest`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African bird of the genus
<i>Schizorhis</i>, related to the plantain eaters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Naperies</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>naperie</i>, fr. <i>nape</i>
a tablecloth, F. <i>nappe</i>, LL. <i>napa</i>, fr. L. <i>mappa</i>.
See <u>Map</u>, and cf. <u>Apron</u>, <u>Napkin</u>.] <def>Table
linen; also, linen clothing, or linen in general.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"pha wa`ter</hw> (?). [Sp. <i>nafa</i>, from Ar.
<i>napha</i> odor.] <def>A perfume distilled from orange
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"phew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Navew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naph"tha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>naphtha</i>,
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;, fr.Ar. <i>nafth</i>, <i>nifth</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The complex mixture of
volatile, liquid, inflammable hydrocarbons, occurring naturally, and
usually called <i>crude petroleum</i>, <i>mineral oil</i>, or <i>rock
oil</i>. Specifically: That portion of the distillate obtained in the
refinement of petroleum which is intermediate between the lighter
gasoline and the heavier benzine, and has a specific gravity of about
0.7, -- used as a solvent for varnishes, as a carburetant,
illuminant, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of several volatile
inflammable liquids obtained by the distillation of certain
carbonaceous materials and resembling the naphtha from petroleum; as,
<i>Boghead naphtha</i>, from Boghead coal (obtained at
<i>Boghead</i>, Scotland); <i>crude naphtha</i>, or <i>light oil</i>,
from coal tar; <i>wood naphtha</i>, from wood, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term was applied by the earlier chemical writers to a
number of volatile, strong smelling, inflammable liquids, chiefly
belonging to the ethers, as the sulphate, nitrate, or acetate of
ethyl.  <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Naphtha vitrioli</b></col> [NL., naphtha of vitriol]
<i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>common ethyl ether; -- formerly called
<i>sulphuric ether</i>. See <u>Ether</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Naph"tha*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of naphthalic acid; a phthalate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Naph"tha*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white crystalline aromatic hydrocarbon,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>8</sub>, analogous to benzene, and obtained by
the distillation of certain bituminous materials, such as the heavy
oil of coal tar. It is the type and basis of a large number of
derivatives among organic compounds. Formerly called also
<i>naphthaline</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Naphthalene red</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a dyestuff
obtained from certain diazo derivatives of naphthylamine, and called
also <i>magdala red</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Naphthalene yellow</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a yellow dyestuff obtained from certain nitro
derivatives of naphthol.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Naph`tha*len"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to , or derived from, naphthalene; -- used
specifically to designate a yellow crystalline substance, called
<i>naphthalenic acid</i> and also <i>hydroxy quinone</i>, and
obtained from certain derivatives of naphthol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naph*tha"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to, derived from, or related to,
naphthalene; -- used specifically to denote any one of a series of
acids derived from naphthalene, and called <i>naphthalene
acids</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, designating an
acid probably identical with <i>phthalic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naph*thal"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Naphthalene</i> + tolu<i>idine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Naphthylamine</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Naph"tha*lin</hw> (?), <hw>Naph"tha*line</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>naphthaline</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Naphthalene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naph"tha*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To mingle, saturate, or impregnate, with naphtha.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naph*thaz"a*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Naphtha</i>lene + ali<i>zarin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
dyestuff, resembling alizarin, obtained from naphthoquinone as a red
crystalline substance with a bright green, metallic luster; -- called
also <i>naphthalizarin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naph"thene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A peculiar hydrocarbon occuring as an ingredient of Caucasian
petroleum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naph"thide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A compound of naphthalene or its radical with a metallic
element; as, mercuric <i>naphthide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naph*tho"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or related to, naphthalene; -- used
specifically to designate any one of a series of carboxyl
derivatives, called <i>naphthoic acids</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naph"thol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Naphth</i>alene +
<i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of hydroxyl
derivatives of naphthalene, analogous to phenol. In general they are
crystalline substances with a phenol (carbolic) odor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Naphthol blue</b></col>, <col><b>Naphthol
orange</b></col>, <col><b>Naphthol yellow</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>brilliant dyestuffs produced from certain complex nitrogenous
derivatives of naphthol or naphthoquinone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Naph`tho*qui"none</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Naphth</i>alene + <i>quinone</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow
crystalline substance, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub>,
analogous to quinone, obtained by oxidizing naphthalene with chromic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naph"thyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Naphth</i>alene +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon radical regarded as
the essential residue of naphthalene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naph`thyl*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>One of two basic amido derivatives of naphthalene,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>7</sub>.NH<sub>2</sub>, forming crystalline
solids.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Na*pie"ri*an</hw>, <hw>Na*pe"ri*an</hw> , } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or discovered by,
<i>Napier</i>, or <i>Naper</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Naperian logarithms</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Logarithms</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Na"pi*er's bones`</hw> (?), <hw>Na"pi*er's rods`</hw> (?) }.
<def>A set of rods, made of bone or other material, each divided into
nine spaces, and containing the numbers of a column of the
multiplication table; -- a contrivance of Baron Napier, the inventor
of logarithms, for facilitating the operations of multiplication and
division.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"pi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>napus</i>
turnip + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>napiforme</i>.  Cf. <u>Navew</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Turnip-shaped; large and round in the upper part,
and very slender below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nap"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of OF.
<i>nape</i> a tablecloth, cloth, F. <i>nappe</i>, L. <i>mappa</i>.
See <u>Napery</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little towel, or small
cloth, esp. one for wiping the fingers and mouth at table.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A handkerchief.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Napkin pattern</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Linen scroll</i>,
under <u>Linen</u>. -- <u>Napkin ring</u>, a ring of metal, ivory, or
other material, used to inclose a table napkin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nap"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without nap;
threadbare.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"ples yel"low</hw> (?). <def>See under
<u>Yellow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na*po"le*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the Emperor
<i>Napoleon</i> 1.] <def>A French gold coin of twenty francs, or
about $3.86.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na*po`le*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Napoleon I., or his family; resembling, or having the
qualities of, Napoleon I.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na*po"le*on*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
supporter of the dynasty of the Napoleons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nappe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>nappe</i> cloth,
sheet. See <u>Napery</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Sheet; surface; all
that portion of a surface that is continuous in such a way that it is
possible to pass from any one point of the portion to any other point
of the portion without leaving the surface. Thus, some hyperboloids
have one <i>nappe</i>, and some have two.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nap"pi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 2d
<u>Nappy</u>.] <def>The quality of having a nap; abundance of nap, as
on cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nap"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of raising a nap, as on cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hat Making)</i> <def>A sheet of partially
felted fur before it is united to the hat body.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 1st <u>Nap</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to sleep; sleepy; as, to feel
<i>nappy</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to cause sleepiness; serving to
make sleepy; strong; heady; as, <i>nappy</i> ale.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nap"py</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 3d <u>Nap</u>.]
<def>Having a nap or pile; downy; shaggy.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nap"py</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nappies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>nap</i>, AS. <i>hn&aelig;p</i>
cup, bowl. See <u>Hanaper</u>.] <def>A round earthen dish, with a
flat bottom and sloping sides.</def> [Written also
<i>nappie</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Nap"-tak`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A taking by
surprise; an unexpected onset or attack.</def>  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Na*pu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very small chevrotain (<i>Tragulus
Javanicus</i>), native of Java. It is about the size of a hare, and
is noted for its agility in leaping. Called also <i>Java musk
deer</i>, <i>pygmy musk deer</i>, and <i>deerlet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Na"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A kind of turnip. See <u>Navew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar"ce*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>narce</i>
numbness, torpor, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;: cf. F.
<i>narc&eacute;&iuml;ne</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid found
in small quantities in opium, and extracted as a white crystalline
substance of a bitter astringent taste. It is a narcotic. Called also
<i>narceia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar*cis"sine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Narcissus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar*cis"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Narcissuses</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>narcissus</i>, and
(personified) <i>Narcissus</i>, Gr. <grk>na`rkissos</grk>,
<grk>Na`rkissos</grk>, fr. <grk>na`rkh</grk> torpor, in allusion to
the narcotic properties of the flower.  Cf. <u>Narcotic</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of endogenous
bulbous plants with handsome flowers, having a cup-shaped crown
within the six-lobed perianth, and comprising the daffodils and
jonquils of several kinds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Classical Myth.)</i> <def>A beautiful youth
fabled to have been enamored of his own image as seen in a fountain,
and to have been changed into the flower called Narcissus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nar*co"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>na`rkwsis</grk>. See <u>Narcotic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Privation of sense or consciousness, due to a
narcotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar*cot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>narcotique</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;, fr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to benumb, <grk>na`rkh</grk> numbness, torpor.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having the properties of a narcotic; operating as
a narcotic.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Nar*cot"ic*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 963 !></p>

<p><hw>Nar*cot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
drug which, in medicinal doses, generally allays morbid
susceptibility, relieves pain, and produces sleep; but which, in
poisonous doses, produces stupor, coma, or convulsions, and, when
given in sufficient quantity, causes death. The best examples are
opium (with morphine), belladonna (with atropine), and
conium.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Nercotykes</i> and opye (opium) of
Thebes.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nar*cot"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Narcotic.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Nar*cot"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nar"co*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>narcotine</i>.  Cf. <u>Cotarnine</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
alkaloid found in opium, and extracted as a white crystalline
substance, tasteless and less poisonous than morphine; -- called also
<i>narcotia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar`co*tin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to narcotine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar"co*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>narcotisme</i>.] <def>Narcosis; the state of being
narcotized.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nar"co*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Narcotized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Narcotizing</u> (?).] <def>To imbue with, or subject
to the influence of, a narcotic; to put into a state of
narcosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS., fr. L.
<i>nardus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;; cf. Heb. <i>n&ecirc;rd</i>,
Per. <i>nard</i>, Scr. <i>nalada</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An East Indian plant (<i>Nardostachys
Jatamansi</i>) of the Valerian family, used from remote ages in
Oriental perfumery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ointment prepared partly from this
plant. See <u>Spikenard</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of grass (<i>Nardus
stricta</i>) of little value, found in Europe and Asia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nard"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nardinus</i>,
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to nard; having
the qualities of nard.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nar*doo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An Australian name for <i>Marsilea Drummondii</i>, a four-leaved
cryptogamous plant, sometimes used for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>naris</i>.] <def>A
nostril.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Na"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., pl. of
<i>naris</i> nostril.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The nostrils or nasal
openings, -- the <i>anterior nares</i> being the external or proper
nostrils, and the <i>posterior nares</i>, the openings of the nasal
cavities into the mouth or pharynx.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nar"gile</hw> (?), <hw>Nar"gi*leh</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>n&amacr;rgh&imacr;l</i>, prop., a
cocoanut; prob. so called because first made of a cocoanut.] <def>An
apparatus for smoking tobacco. It has a long flexible tube, and the
smoke is drawn through water.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nar"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The brown coati. See <u>Coati</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>naris</i>
nostril + <i>-form</i>. See <u>Nose</u>.] <def>Formed like the
nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or belonging to
the nostrils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar"ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>narrabilis</i>, fr. <i>narrare</i> to narrate.] <def>Capable of
being narrated or told.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nar`ra*gan"setts</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Narragansett</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A
tribe of Indians who formerly inhabited the shores of Narragansett
Bay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar*rate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Narrated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Narrating</u>.] [L. <i>narratus</i>, p. p. of <i>narrare</i> to
narrate, prob. for <i>gnarigare</i>, fr. <i>gnarus</i> knowing. See
<u>Ignore</u>, <u>Know</u>.] <def>To tell, rehearse, or recite, as a
story; to relate the particulars of; to go through with in detail, as
an incident or transaction; to give an account of.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To relate; recount; detail; describe.</p>

<p><hw>Nar*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>narratio</i>: cf. F. <i>narration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of telling or relating the particulars of an event;
rehearsal; recital.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is related; the relation in
words or writing of the particulars of any transaction or event, or
of any series of transactions or events; story; history.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>That part of a discourse
which recites the time, manner, or consequences of an action, or
simply states the facts connected with the subject.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Account; recital; rehearsal; relation; description;
explanation; detail; narrative; story; tale; history. See
<u>Account</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Nar"ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>narratif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
narration; relating to the particulars of an event or
transaction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apt or inclined to relate stories, or to
tell particulars of events; story-telling; garrulous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But wise through time, and <i>narrative</i> with
age.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nar"ra*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
narrated; the recital of a story; a continuous account of the
particulars of an event or transaction; a story.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cyntio was much taken with my
<i>narrative</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Account; recital; rehearsal; relation; narration;
story; tale. See <u>Account</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Nar"ra*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the style
of narration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar*ra"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
narrates; one who relates a series of events or
transactions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar"ra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving an
account of events; narrative; as, <i>narratory</i> letters.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Narre</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nar"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Narrower</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Narrowest</u>.] [OE. <i>narwe</i>,
<i>naru</i>, AS. <i>nearu</i>; akin to OS. <i>naru</i>, <i>naro</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of little breadth; not wide or broad; having
little distance from side to side; as, a <i>narrow</i> board; a
<i>narrow</i> street; a <i>narrow</i> hem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath passed in safety through the <i>narrow</i>
seas.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of little extent; very limited;
circumscribed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Jews were but a small nation, and confined to a
<i>narrow</i> compass in the world.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having but a little margin; having barely
sufficient space, time, or number, etc.; close; near; -- with special
reference to some peril or misfortune; as, a <i>narrow</i> shot; a
<i>narrow</i> escape; a <i>narrow</i> majority.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Limited as to means; straitened; pinching;
as, <i>narrow</i> circumstances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Contracted; of limited scope; illiberal;
bigoted; as, a <i>narrow</i> mind; <i>narrow</i> views.</def> "A
<i>narrow</i> understanding."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Parsimonious; niggardly; covetous;
selfish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A very <i>narrow</i> and stinted charity.</blockquote>
<i>Smalridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Scrutinizing in detail; close; accurate;
exact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But first with <i>narrow</i> search I must walk
round<BR>
This garden, and no corner leave unspied.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Formed (as a vowel) by a
close position of some part of the tongue in relation to the palate;
or (according to Bell) by a tense condition of the pharynx; --
distinguished from <i>wide</i>; as &emacr; (&emacr;ve) and &oomac;
(f&oomac;d), etc., from &ibreve; (&ibreve;ll) and &oocr; (f&oocr;t),
etc. See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect; 13.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Narrow</i> is not unfrequently prefixed to words,
especially to participles and adjectives, forming compounds of
obvious signification; as, <i>narrow</i>-bordered, <i>narrow</i>-
brimmed, <i>narrow</i>-breasted, <i>narrow</i>-edged, <i>narrow</i>-
faced, <i>narrow</i>-headed, <i>narrow</i>-leaved, <i>narrow</i>-
pointed, <i>narrow</i>-souled, <i>narrow</i>-sphered, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Narrow gauge</b></col>. <i>(Railroad)</i> <cd>See Note
under <u>Gauge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nar"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Narrows</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A narrow passage; esp., a
contracted part of a stream, lake, or sea; a strait connecting two
bodies of water; -- usually in the plural; as, The <i>Narrows</i> of
New York harbor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Near the island lay on one side the jaws of a
dangerous<BR>
<i>narrow</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nar"row</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Narrowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Narrowing</u>.] [AS. <i>nearwian</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
lessen the breadth of; to contract; to draw into a smaller compass;
to reduce the width or extent of.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contract the reach or sphere of; to
make less liberal or more selfish; to limit; to confine; to restrict;
as, to <i>narrow</i> one's views or knowledge; to <i>narrow</i> a
question in discussion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our knowledge is much more <i>narrowed</i> if we
confine ourselves to our own solitary reasonings.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Knitting)</i> <def>To contract the size of,
as a stocking, by taking two stitches into one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar"row</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become less broad; to contract; to become narrower; as, the
sea <i>narrows</i> into a strait.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>Not to step out enough to
the one hand or the other; as, a horse <i>narrows</i>.</def>
<i>Farrier's Dict.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Knitting)</i> <def>To contract the size of
a stocking or other knit article, by taking two stitches into
one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar"row*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, narrows or contracts.</def>  <i>Hannah More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nar"row*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of contracting, or of making or becoming less in breadth
or extent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part of a stocking which is
narrowed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar"row*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>nearulice</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With little breadth; in a
narrow manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without much extent;
contractedly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>With minute scrutiny; closely; as, to look
or watch <i>narrowly</i>; to search <i>narrowly</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>With a little margin or space; by a small
distance; hence, closely; hardly; barely; only just; -- often with
reference to an avoided danger or misfortune; as, he <i>narrowly</i>
escaped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Sparingly; parsimoniously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar"row-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of narrow
mental scope; illiberal; mean.</def> -- <wf>Nar"row-
mind`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nar"row*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>nearunes</i>.]
<def>The condition or quality of being narrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nart</hw> (?). [For <i>ne art</i>.] <def>Art not.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Nar"thex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., giant fennel,
Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tall umbelliferous
plant (<i>Ferula communis</i>). See <i>Giant fennel</i>, under
<u>Fennel</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The portico in front of
ancient churches; sometimes, the atrium or outer court surrounded by
ambulatories; -- used, generally, for any vestibule, lobby, or outer
porch, leading to the nave of a church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar"wal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Narwhal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nar"we</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Narrow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nar"whal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw. or Dan.
<i>narvhal</i>; akin to Icel. <i>n&amacr;hvalr</i>, and E.
<i>whale</i>. the first syllable is perh. from Icel. <i>n&amacr;r</i>
corpse, dead body, in allusion to the whitish color its skin. See
<u>Whale</u>.] [Written also <i>narwhale</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An arctic cetacean (<i>Monodon monocerous</i>), about twenty
feet long. The male usually has one long, twisted, pointed canine
tooth, or tusk projecting forward from the upper jaw like a horn,
whence it is called also <i>sea unicorn</i>, <i>unicorn fish</i>, and
<i>unicorn whale</i>. Sometimes two horns are developed, side by
side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nas</hw> (n&auml;z). [For <i>ne was</i>.] <def>Was not.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nas</hw>. [Contr. fr. <i>ne has</i>.] <def>Has not.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"sal</hw> (n&amacr;"z<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.,
from L. <i>nasus</i> the nose. See <u>Nose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the nose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Having a quality imparted
by means of the nose; and specifically, made by lowering the soft
palate, in some cases with closure of the oral passage, the voice
thus issuing (wholly or partially) through the nose, as in the
consonants <i>m</i>, <i>n</i>, <i>ng</i> (see <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 20, 208); characterized by resonance
in the nasal passage; as, a <i>nasal</i> vowel; a <i>nasal</i>
utterance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nasal bones</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>two bones of the
skull, in front of the frontals.</cd> -- <col><b>Nasal
index</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>in the skull, the ratio of the
transverse the base of the aperture to the nasion, which latter
distance is taken as the standard, equal to 100.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Na"sal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
elementary sound which is uttered through the nose, or through both
the nose and the mouth simultaneously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine that operates
through the nose; an errhine.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>Part of a helmet
projecting to protect the nose; a nose guard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the nasal
bones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A plate, or scale, on
the nose of a fish, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na*sal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nasalit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
nasal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na`sal*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of nasalizing, or the state of being nasalized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"sal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Nasalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Nasalizing</u> (?).] <def>To render nasal, as sound;
to insert a nasal or sound in.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"sal*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter words
or letters with a nasal sound; to speak through the nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"sal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a nasal manner;
by the nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nas"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>nascale</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of pessary of medicated wool or cotton,
formerly used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nas"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nascentia</i>. See <u>Nascent</u>.] <def>State of being nascent;
birth; beginning; origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nas"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nascens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. <i>nasci</i> to be born. See <u>Nation</u>, and
cf. <u>Naissant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Commencing, or in
process of development; beginning to exist or to grow; coming into
being; as, a <i>nascent</i> germ.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Nascent</i> passions and anxieties.</blockquote>
<i>Berkley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Evolving; being evolved or
produced.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nascent state</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the supposed
instantaneous or momentary state of an uncombined atom or radical
just separated from one compound acid, and not yet united with
another, -- a hypothetical condition implying peculiarly active
chemical properties; as, hydrogen in the <i>nascent state</i> is a
strong reducer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nase"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>nispero</i>
medlar and naseberry tree, fr. L. <i>mespilus</i>. See
<u>Medlar</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tropical fruit. See
<u>Sapodilla</u>.</def> [Written also <i>nisberry</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Nash</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>Firm; stiff; hard; also, chilly.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nas`i*cor"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nasus</i>
nose + <i>cornu</i> horn: cf. F. <i>nasicorne</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bearing a horn, or horns, on the nose, as
the rhinoceros.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nas"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nasus</i>
nose + <i>-form</i>. See <u>Nose</u>, and cf. <u>Nariform</u>.]
<def>Having the shape of a nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Na*si*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>nasus</i> nose.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The middle point of the
nasofrontal suture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"so-</hw> (&?;). [L. <i>nasus</i> nose.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A combining form denoting <i>pertaining to</i>, or <i>connected
with</i>, <i>the nose</i>; as, <i>naso</i>frontal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"so*buc"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Naso</i> +
<i>buccal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Connected with both the nose and
the mouth; as, the <i>nasobuccal</i> groove in the skate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na`so*fron"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Naso-</i> +
<i>frontal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the nose and
the front of the head; as, the embryonic <i>nasofrontal</i> process
which forms the anterior boundary of the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na`so*lach"ry*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Naso-</i>
+ <i>lachrymal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Connected with the lachrymal
apparatus and the nose; as, the <i>nasolachrymal</i>, or lachrymal
duct.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Na`so*pal"a*tal</hw> (?), <hw>Na`so*pal"a*tine</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Naso-</i> + <i>palatal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Connected with both the nose and the palate; as, the
<i>nasopalatine</i> or incisor, canal connecting the mouth and the
nasal chamber in some animals; the <i>nasopalatine</i>
nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na`so*phar`yn*ge"al</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Naso-</i> + <i>pharyngeal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to both throat and nose; as, a <i>nasopharyngeal</i>
polypus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na`so*sep"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Naso-</i> +
<i>septal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
internasal septum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na`so*tur"bi*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Naso-</i>
+ <i>turbinal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Connected with, or near, both
the turbinal and the nasal bones; as, the <i>nasalturbinal</i> bone,
made up of the uppermost lammel&aelig; of the ethmoturbinal, and
sometimes united with the nasal.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The nasoturbinal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nas"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Nassas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Nass&AElig;</b></plw> (#).
[From L. <i>nassa</i> a kind of basket, in allusion to the
reticulation of some species.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species
of marine gastropods, of the genera <i>Nassa</i>, <i>Tritia</i>, and
other allied genera of the family <i>Nassid&aelig;</i>; a dog whelk.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Gastropoda</u>.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>nas"soid</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nas"ti*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a nasty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nas"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being nasty; extreme filthness; dirtiness; also, indecency;
obscenity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>nastiness</i> of Plautus and
Aristophanes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nas*tur"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Nasturtium</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Nasturtium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nas*tur"tium</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nasturtium</i>, for <i>nasitortium</i>, fr. <i>nasus</i> nose +
<i>torquere</i>, <i>tortum</i>, to twist, torture, in allusion to the
causing one to make a wry face by its pungent taste. See <u>Nose</u>
of the face, and <u>Torture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of cruciferous plants, having white or yellowish
flowers, including several species of cress. They are found chiefly
in wet or damp grounds, and have a pungent biting taste.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus
<i>Trop&aelig;olum</i>, geraniaceous herbs, having mostly climbing
stems, peltate leaves, and spurred flowers, and including the common
Indian cress (<i>Trop&aelig;olum majus</i>), the canary-bird flower
(<i>T. peregrinum</i>), and about thirty more species, all natives of
South America. The whole plant has a warm pungent flavor, and the
fleshy fruits are used as a substitute for capers, while the leaves
and flowers are sometimes used in salads.</def></p>

<p><! p. 964 !></p>

<p><hw>Nas"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Nastier</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Nastiest</u>.] [For older <i>nasky</i>;
cf. dial. Sw. <i>naskug</i>, <i>nasket</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Offensively filthy; very dirty, foul, or defiled; disgusting;
nauseous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, loosely: Offensive; disagreeable;
unpropitious; wet; drizzling; as, a <i>nasty</i> rain, day,
sky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by obscenity; indecent;
indelicate; gross; filthy.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Nasty</u>, <u>Filthy</u>, <u>Foul</u>,
<u>Dirty</u>. Anything <i>nasty</i> is usually wet or damp as well as
filthy or dirty, and disgusts by its stickiness or odor; but
<i>filthy</i> and <i>foul</i> imply that a thing is filled or covered
with offensive matter, while <i>dirty</i> describes it as defiled or
sullied with dirt of any kind; as, <i>filthy</i> clothing,
<i>foul</i> vapors, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Na"sute</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nasutus</i>, fr.
<i>nasus</i> the nose.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a nice sense
of smell.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Critically nice; captious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>auden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"sut*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quickness of
scent; hence, nice discernment; acuteness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nat</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nat</hw> [For <i>ne at</i>.] <def>Not at; nor at.</def> [Obs.]
<i>haucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>natalis</i>, fr.
<i>natus</i>, p. p. of <i>nasci</i> to be born: cf. F. <i>natal</i>.
See <u>Nation</u>, and cf. <u>Noel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to one's birth; accompying or dating from one's birth;
native.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Princes' children took names from their <i>natal</i>
places.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Propitious star, whose sacred power<BR>
Presided o'er the monarch's <i>natal</i> hour.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Actrol.)</i> <def>Presiding over nativity;
as, <i>natal</i> Jove.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Native, natural. See <u>Native</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Na`ta*li"tial</hw> (?), <hw>Na`ta*li"tious</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>natalitius</i>, from <i>natalis</i>. See
<u>Natal</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to one's birth or birthday, or
one's nativity.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Natalitial</i> poplar."
<i>Evelyn.</i> "<i>Natalitious</i> fire." <i>W. Cartwright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na*tal"o*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Natal
alo</i>es.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter crystalline substance
constituting the essential principle of Natal aloes.  Cf.
<u>Aloon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na*tal" plum`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The drupaceous
fruit of two South African shrubs of the genus <i>Arduina</i> (<i>A.
bispinosa</i> and <i>A. grandiflora</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tals</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>One's birth,
or the circumstances attending it.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fitz-
Geffry.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>natans</i>, <i>-
antis</i>, from swim, v. intens. fr. <i>nare</i> to swim: cf. F.
<i>natant</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Floating in
water, as the leaves of water lilies, or submersed, as those of many
aquatic plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Placed horizontally across
the field, as if swimming toward the dexter side; said of all sorts
of fishes except the flying fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tant*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a floating
manner; swimmingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>natatio</i>,
fr. <i>natare</i> to swim: cf. F. <i>natation</i>. See
<u>Natant</u>.] <def>The act of floating on the water;
swimming.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Na`ta*to"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>natator</i> a swimmer.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The swimming
birds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They were formerly united into one order, which is now
considered an artificial group.</p>

<p><hw>Na`ta*to"rial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined or
adapted to swim; swimming; as, <i>natatorial</i> birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na`ta*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Adapted for swimming; -- said of the legs of
certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Na`ta*to"rium</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
swimming bath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>natatorius</i>.] <def>Adapted for swimming or floating; as,
<i>natatory</i> organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Natch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>nache</i> fesse,
LL. <i>natica</i>, from L. <i>natis</i> the rump, buttocks.  Cf.
<u>Aitchbone</u>.] <def>The rump of beef; esp., the lower and back
part of the rump.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Natch bone</b></col>, <cd>the edgebone, or aitchbone, in
beef.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Natch"ez</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>A tribe of Indians who formerly lived near the site of the city
of Natchez, Mississippi. In 1729 they were subdued by the French; the
survivors joined the Creek Confederacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Natch"nee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
annual grass (<i>Eleusine coracona</i>), cultivated in India as a
food plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Na"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., the
buttocks.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The buttocks.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The two anterior of
the four lobes on the dorsal side of the midbrain of most mammals;
the anterior optic lobes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The umbones of a
bivalve shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nath</hw> (?). [Contr. fr. <i>ne hath</i>,] <def>hath
not.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nath"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>natheles</i>, <i>na the les</i>, not the less, AS. <i>n&amacr;</i>
never. See <u>Na</u>, <u>The</u>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Nevertheless</u>.] <def>Nevertheless.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Chaucer.
Milton. E. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nath"more`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>na the
more</i>.] <def>Not the more; never the more.</def> [Obs.]
<i>penser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nat"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Naticas</b></plw> (&?;), L. <plw><b>Natic&AElig;</b></plw> (-
s&emacr;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
marine gastropods belonging to <i>Natica</i>, <i>Lunatia</i>,
<i>Neverita</i>, and other allied genera (family
<i>Naticid&aelig;</i>.) They burrow beneath the sand, or mud, and
drill other shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nat"i*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Natica</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or belonging to Natica,
or the family <i>Naticid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>nation</i>, L.
<i>natio</i> nation, race, orig., a being born, fr. <i>natus</i>, p.
p. of <i>nasci</i>, to be born, for <i>gnatus</i>, <i>gnasci</i>,
from the same root as E. <i>kin</i>. &radic;44. See <u>Kin</u>
kindred, and cf. <u>Cognate</u>, <u>Natal</u>, <u>Native</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A part, or division, of the
people of the earth, distinguished from the rest by common descent,
language, or institutions; a race; a stock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>nations</i>, and kindreds, and people, and
tongues.</blockquote> <i>Rev. vii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The body of inhabitants of a country,
united under an independent government of their own.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>nation</i> is the unity of a people.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Praise the power that hath made and preserved us a
<i>nation</i>.</blockquote> <i>F. S. Key.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Family; lineage.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the divisions
of university students in a classification according to nativity,
formerly common in Europe.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Scotch
Universities)</i> <def>One of the four divisions (named from the
parts of Scotland) in which students were classified according to
their nativity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A great number; a great deal; -- by way of
emphasis; as, a <i>nation</i> of herbs.</def>  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Five nations</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Five</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Law of nations</b></col>. <cd>See <i>International law</i>,
under <u>International</u>, and <u>Law</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- people; race. See <u>People</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Na"tion*al</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>national</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
nation; common to a whole people or race; public; general; as, a
<i>national</i> government, language, dress, custom, calamity,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attached to one's own country or
nation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>National anthem</b></col>, <cd>a popular song or hymn
which has become by general acceptance the recognized musical
expression of the patriotic sentiment of a nation; as, "God save the
King" is called the <i>national anthem</i> of England.</cd> --
<col><b>National bank</b></col>, <cd>the official common name of a
class of banking corporations established under the laws of the
United States.</cd> -- <col><b>National flag</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Flag</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>National guard</b></col>, <cd>a body of
militia, or a local military organization, as in Paris during the
French Revolution, or as certain bodies of militia in other European
countries and in the United States.</cd> -- <col><b>National
salute</b></col>, <cd>a salute consisting of as many guns as there
are States in the Union.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Na"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being national; national
attachment; nationality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An idiom, trait, or character peculiar to
any nation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>National independence; the principles of
the Nationalists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
advocates national unity and independence; one of a party favoring
Irish independence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na`tion*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nationalities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>nationalit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of
being national, or strongly attached to one's own nation;
patriotism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sum of the qualities which distinguish
a nation; national character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A race or people, as determined by common
language and character, and not by political bias or divisions; a
nation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>the fulfillment of his mission is to be looked for in
the condition of <i>nationalities</i> and the character of
peoples.</blockquote> <i>H. W. Beecher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Existence as a distinct or individual
nation; national unity and integrity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of belonging to or
being connected with a nation or government by nativity, character,
ownership, allegiance, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na`tion*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of nationalizing, or the state of being nationalized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tion*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Nationalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Nationalizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>nationaliser</i>.]
<def>To make national; to make a nation of; to endow with the
character and habits of a nation, or the peculiar sentiments and
attachment of citizens of a nation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a national
manner or way; as a nation.</def> "The jews . . . being
<i>nationally</i> espoused to God by covenant."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"tion*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being national; nationality.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>natif</i>, L.
<i>nativus</i>, fr. <i>nasci</i>, p. p. <i>natus</i>. See
<u>Nation</u>, and cf. <u>Na&iuml;ve</u>, <u>Nelf</u> a serf.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Arising by birth; having an origin;
born.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Anaximander's opinion is, that the gods are
<i>native</i>, rising and vanishing again in long periods of
times.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to one's birth; natal;
belonging to the place or the circumstances in which one is born; --
opposed to <i>foreign</i>; as, <i>native</i> land, language, color,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Born in the region in which one lives; as,
a <i>native</i> inhabitant, race; grown or originating in the region
where used or sold; not foreign or imported; as, <i>native</i>
oysters, or strawberries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Original; constituting the original
substance of anything; as, <i>native</i> dust.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Conferred by birth; derived from origin;
born with one; inherent; inborn; not acquired; as, <i>native</i>
genius, cheerfulness, simplicity, rights, etc.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Courage is <i>native</i> to you.</blockquote>
<i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Naturally related; cognate; connected
(with).</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>the head is not more <i>native</i> to the heart, . . .
<BR>
Than is the throne of Denmark to thy father.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Found in
nature uncombined with other elements; as, <i>native</i>
silver.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Found in nature; not
artificial; as <i>native</i> sodium chloride.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Native American party</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>American</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Native
bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the koala.</cd> --
<col><b>Native bread</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a large underground
fungus, of Australia (<i>Mylitta australis</i>), somewhat resembling
a truffle, but much larger.</cd> -- <col><b>Native devil</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Tasmanian devil</i>, under
<u>Devil</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Native hen</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Australian rail (<i>Tribonyx
Mortierii</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Native pheasant</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Leipoa</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Native
rabbit</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Australian marsupial
(<i>Perameles lagotis</i>) resembling a rabbit in size and form.</cd>
-- <col><b>Native sloth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
koala.</cd> -- <col><b>Native thrush</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an Australian singing bird (<i>Pachycephala olivacea</i>); --
called also <i>thickhead</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Native turkey</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Australian bustard (<i>Choriotis
australis</i>); -- called also <i>bebilya</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Natural; natal; original; congential.  --
<u>Native</u>, <u>Natural</u>, <u>Natal</u>. <i>natural</i> refers to
the <i>nature</i> of a thing, or that which springs therefrom;
<i>native</i>, to one's birth or origin; as, a <i>native</i> country,
language, etc.; <i>natal</i>, to the circumstances of one's birth;
as, a <i>natal</i> day, or star. <i>Native</i> talent is that which
is inborn; <i>natural</i> talent is that which springs from the
structure of the mind. <i>Native</i> eloquence is the result of
strong innate emotion; <i>natural</i> eloquence is opposed to that
which is studied or artificial.</p>

<p><hw>Na"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, is born in a place or country referred
to; a denizen by birth; an animal, a fruit, or vegetable, produced in
a certain region; as, a <i>native</i> of France.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Breeding)</i> <def>Any of the live
stock found in a region, as distinguished from such as belong to pure
and distinct imported breeds.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Na"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By natural or
original condition; naturally; originally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being native.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tiv*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The disposition to favor the native inhabitants of a country, in
preference to immigrants from foreign countries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The doctrine of innate
ideas, or that the mind possesses forms of thought independent of
sensation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tiv*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate of
nativism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na`tiv*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
nativism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nativies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>nativit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>nativitas</i>. See <u>Native</u>, and cf.
<u>Na&iuml;vet&Eacute;</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The coming into
life or into the world; birth; also, the circumstances attending
birth, as time, place, manner, etc.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have served him from the hour of my
<i>nativity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast left . . . the land of thy
<i>nativity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ruth ii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These in their dark <i>nativity</i> the deep<BR>
Shall yield us, pregnant with infernal flame.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A picture representing
or symbolizing the early infancy of Christ. The simplest form is the
babe in a rude cradle, and the heads of an ox and an ass to express
the stable in which he was born.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>A representation of the
positions of the heavenly bodies as the moment of one's birth,
supposed to indicate his future destinies; a horoscope.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Nativity</b></col>, <cd>the birth or birthday of
Christ; Christmas day.</cd> -- <col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>cast, or
calculate</b></col>, <col><b>one's nativity</b></col>
<i>(Astrol.)</i>, <cd>to find out and represent the position of the
heavenly bodies at the time of one's birth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nat"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A species of shrike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Natron</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The technical name for
sodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tro*lite</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Natron</i>
+ <i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>natrolithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
zeolite occuring in groups of glassy acicular crystals, and in masses
which often have a radiated structure. It is a hydrous silicate of
alumina and soda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp.
<i>natron</i>, Ar. <i>natr&umacr;n</i>, <i>nitr&umacr;n</i>.  Cf.
<u>Niter</u>, <u>Anatron</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native sodium
carbonate.</def> [Written also <i>anatron</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Nat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>knetta</i> to grumble.] <def>To find fault; to be peevish.</def>
[Prov. Eng. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Nat"ter*jack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European toad (<i>Bufo calamita</i>),
having a yellow line along its back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nat"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Neat</u> clean.]
<def>Neat; tidy; spruce.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>-- <wf>Nat"ti*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Nat"ti*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nat"u*ral</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>naturel</i>, F. <i>naturel</i>, fr. L. <i>naturalis</i>, fr.
<i>natura</i>. See <u>Nature</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fixed or
determined by nature; pertaining to the constitution of a thing;
belonging to native character; according to nature; essential;
characteristic; not artificial, foreign, assumed, put on, or
acquired; as, the <i>natural</i> growth of animals or plants; the
<i>natural</i> motion of a gravitating body; <i>natural</i> strength
or disposition; the <i>natural</i> heat of the body; <i>natural</i>
color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With strong <i>natural</i> sense, and rare force of
will.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conformed to the order, laws, or actual
facts, of nature; consonant to the methods of nature; according to
the stated course of things, or in accordance with the laws which
govern events, feelings, etc.; not exceptional or violent;
legitimate; normal; regular; as, the <i>natural</i> consequence of
crime; a <i>natural</i> death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What can be more <i>natural</i> than the circumstances
in the behavior of those women who had lost their husbands on this
fatal day?</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having to do with existing system to
things; dealing with, or derived from, the creation, or the world of
matter and mind, as known by man; within the scope of human reason or
experience; not supernatural; as, a <i>natural</i> law;
<i>natural</i> science; history, theology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I call that <i>natural</i> religion which men might
know . . . by the mere principles of reason, improved by
consideration and experience, without the help of
revelation.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Conformed to truth or reality</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Springing from true sentiment; not
artificial or exaggerated; -- said of action, delivery, etc.; as, a
<i>natural</i> gesture, tone, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Resembling the object imitated; true to nature; according to the
life; -- said of anything copied or imitated; as, a portrait is
<i>natural</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having the character or sentiments
properly belonging to one's position; not unnatural in
feelings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To leave his wife, to leave his babes, . . . <BR>
He wants the <i>natural</i> touch.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Connected by the ties of
consanguinity.</def> "<i>Natural</i> friends."  <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Begotten without the sanction of law; born
out of wedlock; illegitimate; bastard; as, a <i>natural</i>
child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the lower or animal
nature, as contrasted with the higher or moral powers, or that which
is spiritual; being in a state of nature; unregenerate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>natural</i> man receiveth not the things of the
Spirit of God.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. ii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Belonging to, to be taken
in, or referred to, some system, in which the base is 1; -- said or
certain functions or numbers; as, <i>natural</i> numbers, those
commencing at 1; <i>natural</i> sines, cosines, etc., those taken in
arcs whose radii are 1.</def></p>

<p><! p. 965 !></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Produced by natural organs, as those of the human throat, in
distinction from instrumental music.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Of or pertaining to a key which has neither a flat nor a sharp
for its signature, as the key of C major.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Applied to an air or modulation of harmony which moves by easy
and smooth transitions, digressing but little from the original
key.</def>  <i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Natural day</b></col>, <cd>the space of twenty-four
hours.</cd>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Natural fats</b></col>, <col><b>Natural gas</b></col>,
etc. <cd>See under <u>Fat</u>, <u>Gas</u>. etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Natural Harmony</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the harmony of
the triad or common chord.</cd> -- <col><b>Natural history</b></col>,
<cd>in its broadest sense, a history or description of nature as a
whole, incuding the sciences of <i>botany</i>, <i>zo&ouml;logy</i>,
<i>geology</i>, <i>mineralogy</i>, <i>paleontology</i>,
<i>chemistry</i>, and <i>physics</i>. In recent usage the term is
often restricted to the sciences of botany and zo&ouml;logy
collectively, and sometimes to the science of zoology alone.</cd> --
<col><b>Natural law</b></col>, <cd>that instinctive sense of justice
and of right and wrong, which is native in mankind, as distinguished
from specifically revealed divine law, and formulated human law.</cd>
-- <col><b>Natural modulation</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>transition
from one key to its relative keys.</cd> -- <col><b>Natural
order</b></col>. <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <cd>See under <u>order</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Natural person</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>person</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Natural
philosophy</b></col>, <cd>originally, the study of nature in general;
in modern usage, that branch of physical science, commonly called
<i>physics</i>, which treats of the phenomena and laws of matter and
considers those effects only which are unaccompanied by any change of
a chemical nature; -- contrasted with <i>mental</i> and <i>moral
philosophy</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Natural scale</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a scale which is written without flats or
sharps.</cd> <i>Model</i> would be a preferable term, as less likely
to mislead, the so-called <i>artificial</i> scales (scales
represented by the use of flats and sharps) being equally natural
with the so-called <i>natural</i> scale -- <col><b>Natural
science</b></col>, <cd>natural history, in its broadest sense; --
used especially in contradistinction to <i>mental</i> or <i>moral
science</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Natural selection</b></col>
<i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a supposed operation of natural laws analogous,
in its operation and results, to designed selection in breeding
plants and animals, and resulting in the <i>survival of the
fittest</i>. The theory of natural selection supposes that this has
been brought about mainly by gradual changes of environment which
have led to corresponding changes of structure, and that those forms
which have become so modified as to be best adapted to the changed
environment have tended to survive and leave similarly adapted
descendants, while those less perfectly adapted have tended to die
out though lack of fitness for the environment, thus resulting in the
<i>survival of the fittest</i>. See <u>Darwinism</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Natural system</b></col> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
classification based upon real affinities, as shown in the structure
of all parts of the organisms, and by their embryology.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>It should be borne in mind that the <i>natural
system</i> of botany is natural only in the constitution of its
genera, tribes, orders, etc., and in its grand
divisions.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Natural theology</b></col>, or <col><b>Natural
religion</b></col>, <cd>that part of theological science which treats
of those evidences of the existence and attributes of the Supreme
Being which are exhibited in nature; -- distinguished from
<i>revealed religion</i>.</cd> See Quotation under <u>Natural</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3. -- <col><b>Natural vowel</b></col>, <cd>the
vowel sound heard in <i>urn</i>, <i>furl</i>, <i>sir</i>, <i>her</i>,
etc.; -- so called as being uttered in the easiest open position of
the mouth organs. See <i>Neutral vowel</i>, under <u>Neutral</u> and
<i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect; 17.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Native</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Nat"u*ral</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native; an aboriginal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Natural gifts, impulses,
etc.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One born without the usual powers of
reason or understanding; an idiot.</def> "The minds of
<i>naturals</i>."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A character [&natural;] used
to contradict, or to remove the effect of, a sharp or flat which has
preceded it, and to restore the unaltered note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nat"u*ral*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>naturalisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state of nature;
conformity to nature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The doctrine of those who
deny a supernatural agency in the miracles and revelations recorded
in the Bible, and in spiritual influences; also, any system of
philosophy which refers the phenomena of nature to a blind force or
forces acting necessarily or according to fixed laws, excluding
origination or direction by one intelligent will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nat"u*ral*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>naturaliste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One versed in natural
science; a student of natural history, esp. of the natural history of
animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who holds or maintains the doctrine of
naturalism in religion.</def>  <i>H. Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nat`u*ral*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the doctrines of
naturalism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Closely resembling nature;
realistic.</def> "<i>Naturalistic</i> bit of pantomime."  <i>W. D.
Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nat`u*ral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>naturalitas</i>: cf. F. <i>naturalit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Nature;
naturalness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Nat`u*ral*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>naturalisation</i>.] <def>The act or process of naturalizing, esp.
of investing an alien with the rights and privileges of a native or
citizen; also, the state of being naturalized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nat"u*ral*ize</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Naturalized</u> (#); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Naturalizing</u> (#).] [Cf. F.
<i>naturaliser</i>. See <u>Natural</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make natural; as, custom <i>naturalizes</i> labor or study.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To confer the rights and privileges of a
native subject or citizen on; to make as if native; to adopt, as a
foreigner into a nation or state, and place in the condition of a
native subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To receive or adopt as native, natural, or
vernacular; to make one's own; as, to <i>naturalize</i> foreign
words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To adapt; to accustom; to habituate; to
acclimate; to cause to grow as under natural conditions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Its wearer suggested that pears and peaches might yet
be <i>naturalized</i> in the New England climate.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nat"u*ral*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become as if native.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To explain phenomena by natural agencies
or laws, to the exclusion of the supernatural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Infected by this <i>naturalizing</i>
tendency.</blockquote> <i>H. Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nat"u*ral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a natural
manner or way; according to the usual course of things;
spontaneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nat"u*ral*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being natural; conformity to nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>natura</i>, fr. <i>natus</i> born, produced, p. p. of <i>nasci</i>
to be born. See <u>Nation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The existing
system of things; the world of matter, or of matter and mind; the
creation; the universe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But looks through <i>nature</i> up to <i>nature's</i>
God.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Nature</i> has caprices which art can not
imitate.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The personified sum and order of causes
and effects; the powers which produce existing phenomena, whether in
the total or in detail; the agencies which carry on the processes of
creation or of being; -- often conceived of as a single and separate
entity, embodying the total of all finite agencies and forces as
disconnected from a creating or ordering intelligence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I oft admire<BR>
How <i>Nature</i>, wise and frugal, could commit<BR>
Such disproportions.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The established or regular course of
things; usual order of events; connection of cause and
effect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Conformity to that which is natural, as
distinguished from that which is artificial, or forced, or remote
from actual experience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One touch of <i>nature</i> makes the whole world
kin.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The sum of qualities and attributes which
make a person or thing what it is, as distinct from others; native
character; inherent or essential qualities or attributes; peculiar
constitution or quality of being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou, therefore, whom thou only canst redeem,<BR>
Their <i>nature</i> also to thy <i>nature</i> join,<BR>
And be thyself man among men on earth.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Kind, sort; character;
quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dispute of this <i>nature</i> caused
mischief.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Physical constitution or existence; the
vital powers; the natural life.</def> "My days of <i>nature</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Oppressed <i>nature</i> sleeps.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Natural affection or reverence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have we not seen<BR>
The murdering son ascend his parent's bed,<BR>
Through violated <i>nature</i> foce his way?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Constitution or quality of mind or
character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A born devil, on whose <i>nature</i><BR>
Nurture can never stick.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That reverence which is due to a superior
<i>nature</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Good nature</b></col>, <col><b>Ill nature</b></col>.
<cd>see under <u>Good</u> and <u>Ill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>In a state
of nature</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Naked as when born;
nude</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In a condition of sin;
unregenerate</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Untamed; uncvilized.</cd>
-- <col><b>Nature printng</b></col>, <cd>a process of printing from
metallic or other plates which have received an impression, as by
heavy pressure, of an object such as a leaf, lace, or the like.</cd>
-- <col><b>Nature worship</b></col>, <cd>the worship of the
personified powers of nature.</cd> -- <col><b>To pay the debt of
nature</b></col>, <cd>to die.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Na"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To endow with
natural qualities.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He [God] which <i>natureth</i> every
kind.</blockquote> <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"tured</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
(such) a nature, temper, or disposition; disposed; -- used in
composition; as, good-<i>natured</i>, ill-<i>natured</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"ture*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not in
accordance with nature; unnatural.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"tur*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The belief or doctrine that attributes everything to nature as a
sanative agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tur*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who believes
in, or conforms to, the theory of naturism.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na*tu"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being produced by nature.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"tur*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To endow
with a nature or qualities; to refer to nature.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nau"frage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>naufragium</i>; <i>navis</i> + <i>frangere</i>.] <def>Shipwreck;
ruin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>acon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nau"fra*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>naufragus</i>. See <u>Naufrage</u>.] <def>causing shipwreck.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>r. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Naught</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>naught</i>,
<i>nought</i>, <i>naht</i>, <i>nawiht</i>, AS. <i>n&?;wiht</i>,
<i>n&?;uht</i>, <i>n&?;ht</i>; <i>ne</i> not + &?; ever + <i>wiht</i>
thing, whit; hence, not ever a whit. See <u>No</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <u>Whit</u>, and cf. <u>Aught</u>,
<u>Not</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Nothing.</def> [Written also
<i>nought</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Doth Job fear God for <i>naught</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Job i. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The arithmetical character 0; a cipher.
See <u>Cipher</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To set at naught</b></col>, <cd>to treat as of no account;
to disregard; to despise; to defy; to treat with ignominy.</cd> "Ye
have <i>set at naught</i> all my counsel."  <i>Prov. i. 25.</i></p>

<p><hw>Naught</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In no degree; not at
all.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To wealth or sovereign power he <i>naught</i>
applied.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Naught</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
no value or account; worthless; bad; useless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>naught</i>, it is <i>naught</i>, saith the
buyer.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xx. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, get you to your house; begone, away!<BR>
All will be <i>naught</i> else.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Things <i>naught</i> and things
indifferent.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, vile; base; naughty.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No man can be stark <i>naught</i> at
once.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Naugh"ti*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a naughty
manner; wickedly; perversely.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Naugh"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being naughty; perverseness; badness; wickedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know thy pride, and the <i>naughtiness</i> of thine
heart.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xvii. 28.</i></p>

<p><hw>Naught"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Naughtily;
wrongly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>because my parents <i>naughtly</i> brought me
up.</blockquote> <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Naugh"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Naughtier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Naughtiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having little or nothing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[Men] that needy be and <i>naughty</i>, help them with
thy goods.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worthless; bad; good for nothing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The other basket had very <i>naughty</i>
figs.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xxiv. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>hence, corrupt; wicked.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>So shines a good deed in a <i>naughty</i>
world.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mischievous; perverse; froward; guilty of
disobedient or improper conduct; as, a <i>naughty</i>
child.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is now seldom used except in the latter sense, as
applied to children, or in sportive censure.</p>

<p><hw>Nau"ma*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>naumachia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; ship + &?; fight, battle, &?; to
fight.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A naval battle; esp., a mock sea
fight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A show or spectacle
representing a sea fight; also, a place for such
exhibitions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nau"pli*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nauplii</b></plw> (#). [L., a kind of shellfish, fr. Gr. &?;
ship + &?; to sail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A crustacean larva
having three pairs of locomotive organs (corresponding to the
antennules, antenn&aelig;, and mandibles), a median eye, and little
or no segmentation of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nau`ro*pom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; ship
+ &?; inclination + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An instrument
for measuring the amount which a ship heels at sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naus"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; ship + <i>-
scopy</i>: cf. F. <i>nauscopie</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The power or
act of discovering ships or land at considerable distances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nau"se*a</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; ship. See <u>Nave</u> of a church, and cf.
<u>Noise</u>.] <def>Seasickness; hence, any similar sickness of the
stomach accompanied with a propensity to vomit; qualm; squeamishness
of the stomach; loathing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nau"se*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nauseans</i>,
p. pr. Of <i>nauseare</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A substance which
produces nausea.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Nau"se*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Nauseated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Nauseating</u>.] [L. <i>nauseare</i>,
<i>nauseatum</i>, fr. <i>nausea</i>. See <u>Nausea</u>.] <def>To
become squeamish; to feel nausea; to turn away with
disgust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nau"se*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To affect with nausea; to sicken; to cause to feel loathing or
disgust.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sicken at; to reject with disgust; to
loathe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The patient <i>nauseates</i> and loathes wholesome
foods.</blockquote> <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nau`se*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
nauseating, or the state of being nauseated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nau"se*a*tive</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Causing nausea; nauseous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nau"seous</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nauseosus</i>.] <def>Causing, or fitted to cause, nausea;
sickening; loathsome; disgusting; exciting abhorrence; as, a
<i>nauseous</i> drug or medicine.</def> -- <wf>Nau"seous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Nau"seous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>nauseousness</i> of such company disgusts a
reasonable man.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Nautch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>n&amacr;ch</i>, fr. Skr. <i>n&rsdot;tya</i> dance.] <def>An
entertainment consisting chiefly of dancing by professional dancing
(or Nautch) girls.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Nau"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Nautical</u>.]
<def>Nautical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nau"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nauticus</i>,
Gr. <grk>naytiko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>nay`ths</grk> a seaman, sailor,
fr. <grk>nay^s</grk> ship: cf. F. <i>nautique</i>. See <u>Nave</u> of
a church.] <def>Of or pertaining to seamen, to the art of navigation,
or to ships; as, <i>nautical</i> skill.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Naval; marine; maritime. See <u>Naval</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Nautical almanac</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Almanac</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Nautical distance</b></col>, <cd>the
length in nautical miles of the rhumb line joining any two places on
the earth's surface.</cd> -- <col><b>nautical mile</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Mile</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nau"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a nautical
manner; with reference to nautical affairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nau"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>nay^s</grk> ship + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like the hull of a
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nau"ti*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(paleon.)</i>
<def>A fossil nautilus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nau"ti*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Nautilus</i> +
<i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>nautilo&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or pertaining to the nautilus; shaped like a nautilus
shell.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mollusk, or shell, of the
genus Nautilus or family <i>Nautilid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nau"ti*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Nautiluses</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Nautili</b></plw> (#).
[L., fr. Gr. <grk>nayti`los</grk> a seaman, sailor, a kind of
shellfish which was supposed to be furnished with a membrane which
served as a sail; fr. <grk>nay^s</grk> ship. See <u>Nave</u> of a
church.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The only
existing genus of tetrabranchiate cephalopods. About four species are
found living in the tropical Pacific, but many other species are
found fossil.  The shell is spiral, symmetrical, and chambered, or
divided into several cavities by simple curved partitions, which are
traversed and connected together by a continuous and nearly central
tube or siphuncle. See <u>Tetrabranchiata</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The head of the animal bears numerous simple tapered arms,
or tentacles, arranged in groups, but not furnished with suckers. The
siphon, unlike, that of ordinary cephalopods, is not a closed tube,
and is not used as a locomotive organ, but merely serves to conduct
water to and from the gill cavity, which contains two pairs of gills.
The animal occupies only the outer chamber of the shell; the others
are filled with gas. It creeps over the bottom of the sea, not coming
to the surface to swim or sail, as was formerly imagined.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The argonaut; -- also called <i>paper
nautilus</i>. See <u>Argonauta</u>, and <i>Paper nautilus</i>, under
<u>Paper</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A variety of diving bell, the lateral as
well as vertical motions of which are controlled, by the
occupants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"va*joes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Navajo</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians inhabiting New Mexico and Arizona, allied to the Apaches.
They are now largely engaged in agriculture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>navalis</i>, fr.
<i>navis</i> ship: cf. F. <i>naval</i>. See <u>Nave</u> of a church.]
<def>Having to do with shipping; of or pertaining to ships or a navy;
consisting of ships; as, <i>naval</i> forces, successes, stores,
etc.</def></p>

<p><! p. 966 !></p>

<p><col><b>Naval brigade</b></col>, <cd>a body of seamen or marines
organized for military service on land.</cd> -- <col><b>Naval
officer</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An officer in the
navy</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A high officer in some United
States customhouses.</cd> -- <col><b>Naval tactics</b></col>, <cd>the
science of managing or maneuvering vessels sailing in squadrons or
fleets.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Nautical; marine; maritime.  -- <u>Naval</u>,
<u>Nautical</u>. <i>Naval</i> is applied to vessels, or a navy, or
the things which pertain to them or in which they participate;
<i>nautical</i>, to seamen and the art of navigation. Hence we speak
of a <i>naval</i>, as opposed to a <i>military</i>, engagement;
<i>naval</i> equipments or stores, a <i>naval</i> triumph, a
<i>naval</i> officer, etc., and of <i>nautical</i> pursuits or
instruction, <i>nautical calculations</i>, <i>a nautical</i> almanac,
etc.</p>

<p><hw>Na"vals</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Naval
affairs.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Na"varch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>navarchus</i>,
Gr. <grk>nay`archo`s</grk>; <grk>nay^s</grk> ship +
<grk>'archo`s</grk> chief.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>The commander of
a fleet.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na"varch*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>nayarchi`a</grk>.] <def>Nautical skill or experience.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Petty.</i></p>

<p><hw>Na`var*rese"</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Navarre.</def> -- <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Navarre; the people of
Navarre.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nave</hw> (n&amacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>nafu</i>;
akin to D. <i>naaf</i>, G. <i>nabe</i>, OHG. <i>naba</i>, Icel.
<i>n&ouml;f</i>, Dan. <i>nav</i>, Sw. <i>naf</i>, Skr. n&amacr;bhi
nave and navel: cf. L. <i>umbo</i> boss of a shield. &radic;260.  Cf.
<u>Navel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The block in the center of a
wheel, from which the spokes radiate, and through which the axle
passes; -- called also <i>hub</i> or <i>hob</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The navel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>hak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nave</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>nef</i>, fr. L.
<i>navis</i> ship, to which the church was often likened; akin to Gr.
<grk>nay`archo`s</grk>, Skr. n&amacr;us, and perh. to AS. <i>naca</i>
boat, G. <i>nachen</i>, Icel. <i>n&ouml;kkvi</i>; cf. L. <i>nare</i>
to swim, float.  Cf. <u>Nausea</u>, <u>Nautical</u>, <u>Naval</u>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The middle or body of a church, extending from
the transepts to the principal entrances, or, if there are no
transepts, from the choir to the principal entrance, but not
including the aisles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"vel</hw> (n&amacr;"v'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>nafela</i>, fr. <i>nafu</i> nave; akin to D. <i>navel</i>, G.
<i>nabel</i>, OHG. <i>nabolo</i>, Icel. <i>nafli</i>, Dan.
<i>navle</i>, Sw. <i>nafle</i>, L. <i>umbilicus</i>, Gr.
<grk>'omfalo`s</grk>, Skr. <i>n&amacr;bh&imacr;la</i>. &radic;260.
See <u>Nave</u> hub, and cf. <u>Omphalic</u>, <u>Nombril</u>,
<u>Umbilical</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A mark or
depression in the middle of the abdomen; the umbilicus. See
<u>Umbilicus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The central part or point of anything; the
middle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Within the <i>navel</i> of this hideous wood,<BR>
Immured in cypress shades, a sorcerer dwells.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>An eye on the under side of
a carronade for securing it to a carriage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Navel gall</b></col>, <cd>a bruise on the top of the chine
of the back of a horse, behind the saddle.</cd> <i>Johnson.</i> --
<col><b>Navel point</b></col>. <i>(Her.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Nombril</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Na"vel-string`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
umbilical cord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"vel*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A European perennial succulent herb (<i>Cotyledon
umbilicus</i>), having round, peltate leaves with a central
depression; -- also called <i>pennywort</i>, and
<i>kidneywort</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"vew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>navel</i>,
<i>naveau</i>, a dim. fr. L. <i>napus</i> navew.  Cf.
<u>Napiform</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of small turnip, a
variety of <i>Brassica campestris</i>. See <u>Brassica</u>.</def>
[Writen also <i>naphew</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Na*vic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>navicularius</i>, fr. <i>navicula</i>, dim. of <i>navis</i> ship:
cf. F. <i>naviculaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or resembling, a boat or ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shaped like a boat; cymbiform; scaphoid;
as, the <i>navicular</i> glumes of most grasses; the <i>navicular</i>
bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Navicular bone</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One of the middle bones of the tarsus,
corresponding to the centrale</cd>; -- called also <i>scaphoid</i>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A proximal bone on the radial side of the
carpus; the scaphoid.</cd> -- <col><b>Navicular disease</b></col>
<i>(Far.)</i>, <cd>a disease affecting the navicular bone, or the
adjacent parts, in a horse's foot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Na*vic"u*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The navicular bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nav`i*ga*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>navigabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or condition of being
navigable; navigableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nav"i*ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>navigabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>navigable</i>. See <u>Navigate</u>.]
<def>Capable of being navigated; deep enough and wide enough to
afford passage to vessels; as, a <i>navigable</i> river.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By the common law, a river is considered as navigable only
so far as the tide ebbs and flows in it. This is also the doctrine in
several of the United States. In other States, the doctrine of the
civil law prevails, which is, that a navigable river is a river
capable of being navigated, in the common sense of the term.
<i>Kent.</i>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Nav"i*ga*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Nav"i*ga*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nav"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Navigated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Navigating</u>.] [L. <i>navigatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>navigare</i>, v.t. &amp; i.; <i>navis</i> ship + <i>agere</i> to move,
direct. See <u>Nave</u>, and <u>Agent</u>.] <def>To journey by water;
to go in a vessel or ship; to perform the duties of a navigator; to
use the waters as a highway or channel for commerce or communication;
to sail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Phenicians <i>navigated</i> to the extremities of
the Western Ocean.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nav"i*gate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pass over in ships; to sail over or on; as, to
<i>navigate</i> the Atlantic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To steer, direct, or manage in sailing; to
conduct (ships) upon the water by the art or skill of seamen; as, to
<i>navigate</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nav`i*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>navigatio</i>: cf. F. <i>navigation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of navigating; the act of passing on water in ships or
other vessels; the state of being navigable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>the science or art of
conducting ships or vessels from one place to another, including,
more especially, the method of determining a ship's position, course,
distance passed over, etc., on the surface of the globe, by the
principles of geometry and astronomy.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The management of sails, rudder, etc.; the mechanics of
traveling by water; seamanship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ships in general.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A&euml;rial navigation</b></col>, <cd>the act or art of
sailing or floating in the air, as by means of ballons;
a&euml;ronautic.</cd> -- <col><b>Inland navigation</b></col>,
<col><b>Internal navigation</b></col>, <cd>navigation on rivers,
inland lakes, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nav"i*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
navigates or sails; esp., one who direct the course of a ship, or one
who is skillful in the art of navigation; also, a book which teaches
the art of navigation; as, Bowditch's <i>Navigator</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na*vig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>naviger</i>; <i>navis</i> ship + <i>gerere</i> to bear.]
<def>Bearing ships; capable of floating vessels.</def> [R.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nav"vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Navies</b></plw> (#). [Abbreviated fr. <i>navigator</i>.]
<def>Originally, a laborer on canals for internal navigation; hence,
a laborer on other public works, as in building railroads,
embankments, etc.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Na"vy</hw> (?); <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Navies</b></plw> (#). [ OF. <i>navie</i>, fr. L. <i>navis</i>
ship. See <u>Nave</u> of a church.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fleet
of ships; an assemblage of merchantmen, or so many as sail in
company.</def> "The <i>navy</i> also of Hiram, that brought gold from
Ophir."  <i>1 kings x. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole of the war vessels belonging to
a nation or ruler, considered collectively; as, the <i>navy</i> of
Italy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The officers and men attached to the war
vessels of a nation; as, he belongs to the <i>navy</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Navy bean</b></col>. <cd>see <u>Bean</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Navy yard</b></col>, <cd>a place set apart as a shore station
for the use of the navy. It often contains all the mechanical and
other appliences for building and equipping war vessels and training
their crews.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Na*wab"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Nabob</u>.]
<def>A deputy ruler or viceroy in India; also, a title given by
courtesy to other persons of high rank in the East.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Nall</u>.] <def>An
awl.</def> [Obs.]  <i>usser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nay</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>nei</i>; akin
to E. <i>no</i>. See <u>No</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>No; -- a negative answer to a question asked,
or a request made, now superseded by <i>no</i>. See
<u>Yes</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And eke when I say "ye," ne say not
"<i>nay</i>."</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I tell you <i>nay</i>; but except ye repent, ye shall
all likewisr perish.</blockquote> <i>Luke xiii. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And now do they thrust us out privily? <i>nay</i>,
verily; but let them come themselves and fetch us out.</blockquote>
<i>Acts xvi. 37.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that will not when he may,<BR>
When he would he shall have <i>nay</i>.</blockquote> <i>Old
Prov.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Before the time of Henry VIII. <i>nay</i> was used to
answer simple questions, and <i>no</i> was used when the form of the
question involved a negative expression; <i>nay</i> was the simple
form, <i>no</i> the emphatic.  <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not this merely, but also; not only so,
but; -- used to mark the addition or substitution of a more explicit
or more emphatic phrase.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Nay</i> in this sense may be interchanged with
<i>yea</i>. "Were he my brother, <i>nay</i>, my kingdom's heir."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nays</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Denial;
refusal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>a negative vote; one who votes in the
negative.</def></p>

<p><col><b>It is no nay</b></col>, <cd>there is no denying it.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>haucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nay</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To refuse.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Na*yaur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A specied of wild sheep (<i>Ovis Hodgsonii</i>), native of
Nepaul and Thibet. It has a dorsal mane and a white ruff beneath the
neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nayt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>neita</i>.]
<def>To refuse; to deny.</def> [Obs.] "He shall not <i>nayt</i> ne
deny his sin."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nay"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The negative
side.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Howe'er you lean to the <i>nayward</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nay"word`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A byword; a
proverb; also, a watchword.</def> [Obs.]  <i>hak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Naz`a*rene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Nazarenus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; Nazareth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Nazareth; -- a term of contempt
applied to Christ and the early Christians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect of
Judaizing Christians in the first and second centuries, who observed
the laws of Moses, and held to certain heresies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naz"a*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Jew bound by
a vow to lave the hair uncut, to abstain from wine and strong drink,
and to practice extraordinary purity of life and devotion, the
obligation being for life, or for a certain time. The word is also
used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naz"a*rite*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of a
Nazarite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naz`a*rit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a Nazarite, or to Nazarites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naz"a*ri*tism</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The vow
and practice of a Nazarite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ness</u>.] <def>A
promontory or headland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Naz"i*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Nazarite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ne</i>. See
<u>No</u>.] <def>Not; never.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He never yet no villany <i>ne</i> said.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ne</i> was formerly used as the universal adverb of
negation, and survives in certain compounds, as <i>n</i>ever (=
<i>ne</i> ever) and <i>n</i>one (= <i>ne</i> one). Other
combinations, now obsolete, will be found in the Vocabulary, as
<i>nad</i>, <i>nam</i>, <i>nil</i>. See <u>Negative</u>, 2.</p>

<p><hw>Ne</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [See <u>Ne</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>Nor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No niggard <i>ne</i> no fool.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ne . . . ne</b></col>, <cd>neither . . . nor.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neaf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Neif</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To anneal.</def>
[R.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be tempered by
heat.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Neb</u>,
<u>Nape</u>.] <def>The tongue or pole of a cart or other vehicle
drawn by two animals.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Neap</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [As.
<i>n&emacr;p</i>fl&omacr;d neap flood; cf. <i>hnipian</i> to bend,
incline.] <def>Low.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Neap tides</b></col>, <cd>the lowest tides of the lunar
month, which occur in the second and fourth quarters of the moon; --
opposed to <i>spring tides</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Neap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A neap tide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>High springs and dead <i>neaps</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Harkwill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neaped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Left
aground on the height of a spring tide, so that it will not float
till the next spring tide; -- called also <i>beneaped</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`a*pol"i*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Neapolitanus</i>, fr. <i>Neapolis</i> Naples, Gr. &?;, lit., New
town.] <def>Of of pertaining to Naples in Italy.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or citizen of Naples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Near</hw> (n&emacr;r), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ne&aacute;r</i>, compar. of <i>ne&aacute;h</i> nigh. See
<u>Nigh</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At a little distance, in place,
time, manner, or degree; not remote; nigh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My wife! my traitress! let her not come <i>near</i>
me.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nearly; almost; well-nigh.</def>
"<i>Near</i> twenty years ago." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Near</i> a fortnight
ago." <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Near</i> about the yearly value of the
land.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Closely; intimately.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Far and near</b></col>, <cd>at a distance and close by;
throughout a whole region.</cd> -- <col><b>To come near to</b></col>,
<cd>to want but little of; to approximate to.</cd> "Such a sum he
found would <i>go near to</i> ruin him."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Near the wind</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>close to
the wind; closehauled.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Near</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Nearer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Nearest</u>.] [See
<u>Near</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not far
distant in time, place, or degree; not remote; close at hand;
adjacent; neighboring; nigh.</def> "As one <i>near</i> death."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He served great Hector, and was ever <i>near</i>,<BR>
Not with his trumpet only, but his spear.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Closely connected or related.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is thy father's <i>near</i>
kinswoman.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xviii. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Close to one's interests, affection, etc.;
touching, or affecting intimately; intimate; dear; as, a <i>near</i>
friend.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Close to anything followed or imitated;
not free, loose, or rambling; as, a version <i>near</i> to the
original.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>So as barely to avoid or pass injury or
loss; close; narrow; as, a <i>near</i> escape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Next to the driver, when he is on foot; in
the Unted States, on the left of an animal or a team; as, the
<i>near</i> ox; the <i>near</i> leg. See <i>Off side</i>, under
<u>Off</u>, <pos><i>a</i></pos>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Immediate; direct; close; short.</def>
"The <i>nearest</i> way."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Close-fisted; parsimonious.</def> [Obs. or
Low, Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Near</i> may properly be followed by <i>to</i> before
the thing approached'; but more frequently <i>to</i> is omitted, and
the adjective or the adverb is regarded as a preposition. The same is
also true of the word <i>nigh</i>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Nigh; close; adjacent; proximate; contiguous;
present; ready; intimate; dear.</p>

<p><hw>Near</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Adjacent to; close by;
not far from; nigh; as, the ship sailed <i>near</i> the land. See the
Note under <u>near</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Near</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Neared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n</i></pos>
<u>Nearing</u>.] [See <u>Near</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>To
approach; to come nearer; as, the ship <i>neared</i> the
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Near</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To draw near; to
approach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A speck, a mist, a shape, I wist!<BR>
And still it <i>neared</i>, and <i>neared</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*arc"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Neo</i> +
<i>arctic</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a region of the earth's
surface including all of temperate and arctic North America and
Greenland. In the geographical distribution of animals, this region
is marked off as the habitat certain species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Near"hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Near;
near at hand; closely.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Near"-legged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
feet so near together that they interfere in traveling.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Near"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a near manner;
not remotely; closely; intimately; almost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Near"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being near; -- used in the various senses of the
adjective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Near"sight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Seeing
distinctly at short distances only; shortsighted.</def> --
<defwf><hw>Near"sight`ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Myopic</u>, and <u>Myopia</u>.</def></defwf>
</p>

<p><hw>Neat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ne&aacute;t</i>; akin to OHG. <i>n&?;z</i>, Icel. <i>naut</i>, Sw.
<i>n&ouml;t</i>, Dan. <i>n&ouml;d</i>, and to AS.
<i>ne&oacute;tan</i> to make use of, G. <i>geniessen</i>, Goth.
<i>niutan</i> to have a share in, have joy of, Lith. <i>nauda</i>
use, profit.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Cattle of the genus
<i>Bos</i>, as distinguished from horses, sheep, and goats; an animal
of the genus <i>Bos</i>; as, a <i>neat's</i> tongue; a <i>neat's</i>
foot.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherein the herds[men] were keeping of their
<i>neat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The steer, the heifer, and the calf<BR>
Are all called <i>neat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>neat</i> and a sheep of his own.</blockquote>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Neat's-foot</b></col>, <cd>an oil obtained by boiling the
feet of neat cattle. It is used to render leather soft and
pliable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Neat</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>neat</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Of or pertaining to the genus <i>Bos</i>,
or to cattle of that genus; as, <i>neat</i> cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neat</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Neater</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Neatest</u>.] [OE.
<i>nett</i>, F. <i>nett</i>, fr. L. <i>nitidus</i>, fr. <i>nitere</i>
to shine.  Cf. <u>Nitid</u>, <u>Net</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Natty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from that which soils,
defiles, or disorders; clean; cleanly; tidy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you were to see her, you would wonder what poor
body it was that was so surprisingly <i>neat</i> and
clean.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from what is unbecoming,
inappropriate, or tawdry; simple and becoming; pleasing with
simplicity; tasteful; chaste; as, a <i>neat</i> style; a <i>neat</i>
dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Free from admixture or adulteration; good
of its kind; as, <i>neat</i> brandy.</def> "Our old wine
<i>neat</i>."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Excellent in character, skill, or
performance, etc.; nice; finished; adroit; as, a <i>neat</i> design;
a <i>neat</i> thief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>With all deductions or allowances made;
net. [In this sense usually written <i>net</i>. See <u>Net</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3.]</def></p>

<p><col><b>neat line</b></col> <i>(Civil Engin.)</i>, <cd>a line to
which work is to be built or formed.</cd> -- <col><b>Neat
work</b></col>, <cd>work built or formed to neat lines.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Nice; pure; cleanly; tidy; trim; spruce.</p>

<p><hw>'Neath</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>prep. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>An
abbreviation of <u>Beneath</u>.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Neat"herd`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
has the care of neat cattle; a cowherd.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neat"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A building for
the shelter of neat cattle.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neat"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Neat</i>, a. +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To make neat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>olland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neat"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a neat manner;
tidily; tastefully.</def></p>

<p><hw>neat"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being neat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neat"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>neat</i>
cattle.] <def>A woman who takes care of cattle.</def> [R.]
<i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>nebb</i> head,
face; akin to D. <i>neb</i>, Icel. <i>nef</i>, beak of a bird, nose,
Dan. <i>n&aelig;b</i> beak, bill, Sw. <i>n&auml;bb</i>,
<i>n&auml;f</i>, and prob. also to D. <i>sneb</i>, <i>snavel</i>,
bill, beak, G. <i>schnabel</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>snabel</i>, and E.
<i>snap</i>.  Cf. <u>Nib</u>, <u>Snap</u>, <u>Snaffle</u>.] <def>The
nose; the snout; the mouth; the beak of a bird; a nib, as of a
pen.</def> [Also written <i>nib</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 967 !></p>

<p><hw>||Ne*ba"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., of uncertain
origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small marine Crustacea,
considered the type of a distinct order (<i>Nebaloidea</i>, or
<i>Phyllocarida</i>.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Neb"-neb`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Bablh</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neb"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nebul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., mist, cloud; akin to Gr.
&?;, &?;, cloud, mist, G. <i>nebel</i> mist, OHG. <i>nebul</i>, D.
<i>nevel</i>, Skr. <i>nabhas</i> cloud, mist.  Cf. <u>Nebule</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A faint, cloudlike, self-
luminous mass of matter situated beyond the solar system among the
stars. True nebul&aelig; are gaseous; but very distant star clusters
often appear like them in the telescope.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A white
spot or a slight opacity of the cornea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A cloudy appearance in the urine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Neb"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to nebul&aelig;; of the nature of, or resembling, a nebula.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nebular hypothesis</b></col>, <cd>an hypothesis to explain
the process of formation of the stars and planets, presented in
various forms by Kant, Herschel, Laplace, and others. As formed by
Laplace, it supposed the matter of the solar system to have existed
originally in the form of a vast, diffused, revolving nebula, which,
gradually cooling and contracting, threw off, in obedience to
mechanical and physical laws, succesive rings of matter, from which
subsequently, by the same laws, were produced the several planets,
satellites, and other bodies of the system. The phrase may indicate
any hypothesis according to which the stars or the bodies of the
solar system have been evolved from a widely diffused nebulous form
of matter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Neb"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clouded with
indistinct color markings, as an animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neb`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition of being nebulated; also, a clouded, or ill-defined, color
mark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neb"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;bule</i>. See <u>nebula</u>.] <def>A little cloud; a
cloud.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O light without <i>nebule</i>.</blockquote> <i>Old
Ballad.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||N&eacute;`bu`l&eacute;"</hw> (?), <hw>Neb"u*ly</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>n&eacute;bul&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Composed of successive short curves supposed to resemble a
cloud; -- said of a heraldic line by which an ordinary or subordinary
may be bounded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neb`u*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The act or process of nebulizing; atomization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neb"u*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Nebula</u>.] <def>To reduce (as a liquid) to a fine spray or
vapor; to atomize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neb"u*li`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
atomizer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neb"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nebulous;
cloudy.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neb`u*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. nebulositas:
cf. F. <i>n&eacute;bulosit&eacute;</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state or quality of being nebulous; cloudiness; haziness; mistiness;
nebulousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>nebulosity</i> . . . of the mother
idiom.</blockquote> <i>I. Disraeli.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
stuff of which a nebula is formed.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
nebula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neb"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nebulosus</i>: cf. F. <i>n&eacute;buleux</i>. See <u>Nebula</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cloudy; hazy; misty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
having the appearance of, a nebula; nebular; cloudlike.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Neb"u*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Neb"u*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Neb"u*ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her. &amp; Arch.)</i>
<def>A line or a decoration composed of successive short curves or
waves supposed to resemble a cloud. See
<u>N&eacute;bul&eacute;</u></def></p>

<p><hw>Nec`es*sa"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;cessarien</i>. See <u>Necessary</u>.] <def>An advocate of
the doctrine of philosophical necessity; a necessitarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec`es*sa"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to necessarianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec`es*sa"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine of philosophical necessity; necessitarianism.</def>
<i>Hixley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nec"es*sa*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
necessary manner; by necessity; unavoidably; indispensably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec"es*sa*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being necessary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec"es*sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>necessarius</i>, from <i>necesse</i> unavoidable, necessary; of
uncertain origin: cf. F. <i>n&eacute;cessaire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Such as must be; impossible to be otherwise;
not to be avoided; inevitable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death, a <i>necessary</i> end,<BR>
Will come when it will come.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Impossible to be otherwise, or to be
dispensed with, without preventing the attainment of a desired
result; indispensable; requisite; essential.</def> "'T is
<i>necessary</i> he should die."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A certain kind of temper is <i>necessary</i> to the
pleasure and quiet of our minds.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Acting from necessity or compulsion;
involuntary; -- opposed to <i>free</i>; as, whether man is a
<i>necessary</i> or a free agent is a question much
discussed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec"es*sa*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Necessaries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thing
that is necessary or indispensable to some purpose; something that
one can not do without; a requisite; an essential; -- used chiefly in
the plural; as, the <i>necessaries</i> of life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A privy; a water-closet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Such things, in
respect to infants, lunatics, and married women, as are requisite for
support suitable to station.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ces`si*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the doctrine of philosophical necessity in regard to
the origin and existence of things, especially as applied to the
actings or choices of the will; -- opposed to
<i>libertarian</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ces`si*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
holds to the doctrine of necessitarianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ces`si*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine of philosophical necessity; the doctrine that results follow
by invariable sequence from causes, and esp. that the will is not
free, but that human actions and choices result inevitably from
motives; determinism.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ces"si*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Necessitated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Necessitating</u> (?).] [Cf. L. <i>necessitatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>necessitare</i>, and F. <i>n&eacute;cessiter</i>. See
<u>Necessity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make necessary or
indispensable; to render unavoidable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sickness [might] <i>necessitate</i> his removal from
the court.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This fact <i>necessitates</i> a second
line.</blockquote> <i>J. Peile.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to the necessity of; to force;
to compel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Marquis of Newcastle, being pressed on both sides,
was <i>necessitated</i> to draw all his army into York.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ces`si*tat"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;cessitation</i>.] <def>The act of making necessary, or
the state of being made necessary; compulsion.</def> [R.]  <i>bp.
Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ces"si*tied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In a state
of want; necessitous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ces"si*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;cessiteux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very needy or
indigent; pressed with poverty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Necessitous</i> heirs and penurious
parents.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Narrow; destitute; pinching; pinched; as,
<i>necessitous</i> circumstances.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ne*ces"si*tous*ly</wf>, adv. --
<wf>Ne*ces"si*tous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ces"si*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>necessitudo</i>, fr. necesse. See <u>Necessray</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Necessitousness; want.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Necessary connection or
relation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Between kings and their people, parents and their
children, there is so great a <i>necessitude</i>, propriety, and
intercourse of nature.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ces"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Necessities</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>necessite</i>, F.
<i>n&eacute;cessit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>necessitas</i>, fr.
<i>necesse</i>. See <u>Necessary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely
requisite; inevitableness; indispensableness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being needy or
necessitous; pressing need; indigence; want.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Urge the <i>necessity</i> and state of
times.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The extreme poverty and <i>necessity</i> his majesty
was in.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is necessary; a necessary; a
requisite; something indispensable; -- often in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These should be hours for <i>necessities</i>,<BR>
Not for delights.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What was once to me<BR>
Mere matter of the fancy, now has grown<BR>
The vast <i>necessity</i> of heart and life.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which makes an act or an event
unavoidable; irresistible force; overruling power; compulsion,
physical or moral; fate; fatality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake the fiend, and with <i>necessity</i>,<BR>
The tyrant's plea, excused his devilish deeds.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The negation of freedom
in voluntary action; the subjection of all phenomena, whether
material or spiritual, to inevitable causation;
necessitarianism.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Of necessity</b></col>, <cd>by necessary consequence; by
compulsion, or irresistible power; perforce.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Need</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Neck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>necke</i>, AS.
<i>hnecca</i>; akin to D. <i>nek</i> the nape of the neck, G.
<i>nacken</i>, OHG. <i>nacch</i>, <i>hnacch</i>, Icel. <i>hnakki</i>,
Sw. <i>nacke</i>, Dan. <i>nakke</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
part of an animal which connects the head and the trunk, and which,
in man and many other animals, is more slender than the
trunk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any part of an inanimate object
corresponding to or resembling the neck of an animal</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The long slender part of a vessel, as a
retort, or of a fruit, as a gourd.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
long narrow tract of land projecting from the main body, or a narrow
tract connecting two larger tracts.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>That part of a violin, guitar, or similar
instrument, which extends from the head to the body, and on which is
the finger board or fret board.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A reduction in size near
the end of an object, formed by a groove around it; as, a <i>neck</i>
forming the journal of a shaft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>the point where the base of
the stem of a plant arises from the root.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Neck and crop</b></col>, <cd>completely; wholly;
altogether; roughly and at once.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Neck and
neck</b></col> <i>(Racing)</i>, <cd>so nearly equal that one cannot
be said to be before the other; very close; even; side by side.</cd>
-- <col><b>Neck of a capital</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Gorgerin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Neck of a cascabel</b></col>
<i>(Gun.)</i>, <cd>the part joining the knob to the base of the
breech.</cd> -- <col><b>Neck of a gun</b></col>, <cd>the small part
of the piece between the chase and the swell of the muzzle.</cd> --
<col><b>Neck of a tooth</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
constriction between the root and the crown.</cd> -- <col><b>Neck or
nothing</b></col> (Fig.), <cd>at all risks.</cd> -- <col><b>Neck
verse</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The verse formerly read to
entitle a party to the benefit of clergy, said to be the first verse
of the fifty-first Psalm, "<i>Miserere mei</i>," etc.</cd> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Hence, a verse or saying, the
utterance of which decides one's fate; a shibboleth.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>These words, "bread and cheese," were their <i>neck
verse</i> or shibboleth to distinguish them; all pronouncing "broad
and cause," being presently put to death.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Neck yoke</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A bar by
which the end of the tongue of a wagon or carriage is suspended from
the collars of the harnesses.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A device
with projecting arms for carrying things (as buckets of water or sap)
suspended from one's shoulders</cd>. -- <col><b>On the neck
of</b></col>, <cd>immediately after; following closely.</cd>
"Commiting one sin <i>on the neck of</i> another." <i>W. Perkins.</i>
-- <col><b>Stiff neck</b></col>, <cd>obstinacy in evil or wrong;
inflexible obstinacy; contumacy.</cd> "I know thy rebellion, and thy
<i>stiff neck</i>." <i>Deut. xxxi. 27.</i> -- <col><b>To break the
neck of</b></col>, <cd>to destroy the main force of.</cd> "What they
presume to borrow from her sage and virtuous rules . . . <i>breaks
the neck of</i> their own cause." <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>To harden
the neck</b></col>, <cd>to grow obstinate; to be more and more
perverse and rebellious.</cd> <i>Neh. ix. 17.</i> -- <col><b>To tread
on the neck of</b></col>, <cd>to oppress; to tyrannize over.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Neck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Necked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Necking</u>.] <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To reduce the diameter of (an
object) near its end, by making a groove around it; -- used with
<i>down</i>; as, to <i>neck</i> down a shaft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neck"ar nut`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Nicker
nut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neck"band`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A band which
goes around the neck; often, the part at the top of a
garment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neck"cloth`</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piece
of any fabric worn around the neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Necked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having (such) a neck; -- chiefly used in composition; as, stiff-
<i>necked</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Cracked; -- said of a
treenail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neck"er*chief</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>neck
kerchief</i>.] <def>A kerchief for the neck; -- called also <i>neck
handkerchief</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neck"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Neckmold</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neck"lace</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A string of beads, etc., or any continuous
band or chain, worn around the neck as an ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope or chain fitted
around the masthead to hold hanging blocks for jibs and
stays.</def></p>

<p><hw>neck"laced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
necklace; marked as with a necklace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hooded and the <i>necklaced</i>
snake.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Jones.</i></p>

<p><hw>neck"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A neck of
land.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>neck"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A necklace.</def>
<i>E. Anold.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Neck"mold`</hw>, <hw>Neck"mould`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small convex molding
surrounding a column at the junction of the shaft and capital.</def>
<i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neck"plate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Gorget</u>, 1 and 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neck"tie`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scarf, band,
or kerchief of silk, etc., passing around the neck or collar and tied
in front; a bow of silk, etc., fastened in front of the
neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neck"wear`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A collective
term for cravats, collars, etc.</def> [Colloq. or trade name]</p>

<p><hw>Neck"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An American annual weed (<i>veronica
peregrina</i>), with small white flowers and a roundish pod.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The hemp; -- so called as furnishing ropes
for hanging criminals.</def>  <i>Dr. prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Nec`ro*bi*o"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; dead + &?; way of life, fr. &?; life.] <i>(Biol. &amp; Med.)</i>
<def>The death of a part by molecular disintegration and without loss
of continuity, as in the processes of degeneration and atrophy.</def>
<i>Virchow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nec`ro*bi*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol. &
Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to necrobiosis; as, a
<i>necrobiotic</i> metamorphosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*crol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a dead
person + &?; to worship.] <def>The worship of the dead; manes
worship.</def>  <i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nec"ro*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a corpse +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Necronite</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nec`ro*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Nec`ro*log"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>n&eacute;crologique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to necrology; of the nature of necrology; relating to, or
giving, an account of the dead, or of deaths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*crol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gives an account of deaths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*crol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Necrologies</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?; a dead person + <i>-
logy</i>: cf. F. <i>n&eacute;crologie</i>. See <u>Necromancy</u>.]
<def>An account of deaths, or of the dead; a register of deaths; a
collection of obituary notices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec"ro*man`cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices necromancy; a sorcerer; a wizard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec"ro*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>nigromaunce</i>, <i>nigromancie</i>, OF. <i>nigromance</i>, F.
<i>n&eacute;cromance</i>, <i>n&eacute;cromancie</i>, from L.
<i>necromantia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; a dead body (akin to L.
<i>necare</i> to kill, Skr. <i>na</i>(<i>&?;</i>) to perish, vanish)
+ &?; divination, fr. &?; diviner, seer, akin to E. <i>mania</i>. See
<u>Mania</u>, and cf. <u>Internecine</u>, <u>Noxious</u>. The old
spelling is due to confusion with L. <i>niger</i> black. Hence the
name <i>black art</i>.] <def>The art of revealing future events by
means of a pretended communication with the dead; the black art;
hence, magic in general; conjuration; enchantment. See <u>Black
art</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This palace standeth in the air,<BR>
By <i>necromancy</i> plac&egrave;d there.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nec`ro*man"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Conjuration.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With all the <i>necromantics</i> of their
art.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nec`ro*man"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Nec`ro*man"tic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to necromancy; performed
by necromancy.</def> -- <wf>Nec`ro*man"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nec"ro*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a dead
body.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Fetid feldspar, a mineral which, when
struck, exhales a fetid odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*croph"a*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Necrophagous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Eating carrion.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of a
tribe (<i>Necrophaga</i>) of beetles which, in the larval state, feed
on carrion; a burying beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*croph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; eating
corpses; &?; a dead body + &?; to eat: cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;crophage</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the <i>Necrophaga</i>; eating carrion. See
<u>Necrophagan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec`ro*pho"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a dead body + &?; to fear.] <def>An exaggerated fear of death or
horror of dead bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec"ro*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a dead
body + &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of beetles of the genus <i>Necrophorus</i> and allied genera;
-- called also <i>burying beetle</i>, <i>carrion beetle</i>,
<i>sexton beetle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*crop"o*lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Necropolises</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;; &?; a dead
body, adj., dead + &?; city.] <def>A city of the dead; a name given
by the ancients to their cemeteries, and sometimes applied to modern
burial places; a graveyard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec"rop*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a dead body
+ &?; sight: cf. F. <i>n&eacute;cropsie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
post-mortem examination or inspection; an autopsy. See
<u>Autopsy</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nec`ro*scop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Nec`ro*scop"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a dead body + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>Or
or relating to post-mortem examinations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*crose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>To affect with necrosis; to undergo necrosis.</def>
<i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*crosed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Affected by necrosis; dead; as, a <i>necrosed</i> bone.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><! p. 968 !></p>

<p><hw>||Ne*cro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to make dead, to mortify, &?; a dead body.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(med.)</i> <def>Mortification or gangrene of
bone, or the death of a bone or portion of a bone in mass, as opposed
to its death by molecular disintegration. See
<u>Caries</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A disease of trees, in which
the branches gradually dry up from the bark to the center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*crot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Affected with necrosis; as, <i>necrotic</i> tissue;
characterized by, or producing, necrosis; as, a <i>necrotic</i>
process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec"tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth. &amp; Poetic)</i> <def>The drink of the gods
(as ambrosia was their food); hence, any delicious or inspiring
beverage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A sweetish secretion of
blossoms from which bees make honey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec*ta"re*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Nectareous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
nectary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec*ta"re*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nectareus</i>: cf. F. <i>nectar&eacute;en</i>.] <def>Resembling
nectar; very sweet and pleasant.</def> "<i>nectarean</i> juice."
<i>Talfourd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nec"tared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imbued with
nectar; mingled with nectar; abounding with nectar.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nec*ta"re"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, containing, or resembling nectar; delicious;
nectarean.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Nec*ta"re*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Nec*ta"re*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nec*ta"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the nectary of a plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec"ta*ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
nectary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec`tar*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nectar</i> nectar + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F.
<i>nectarif&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Secreting nectar; --
said of blossoms or their parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec"tar*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Nectareous.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nec"tar*ine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nectarine</i>. See <u>Nectar</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A smooth-
skinned variety of peach.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spanish nectarine</b></col>, <cd>the plumlike fruit of the
West Indian tree <i>Chrysobalanus Icaco</i>; -- also called <i>cocoa
plum</i>. it is made into a sweet conserve which a largely exported
from Cuba.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nec"tar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Nectarized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Nectarizing</u> (?).] <def>To mingle or infuse with
nectar; to sweeten.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nec"tar*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Nectareous.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nec"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nectaries</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Nectar</u>: cf. F.
<i>nectaire</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That part of a blossom which
secretes nectar, usually the base of the corolla or petals; also, the
spur of such flowers as the larkspur and columbine, whether
nectariferous or not. See the <i>Illustration</i> of
<u>Nasturtium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nec`to*ca"lyx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nectocalyces</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; swimming + &?;
a calyx.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The swimming
bell or umbrella of a jellyfish of medusa.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the zooids of certain Siphonophora, having somewhat the
form, and the essential structure, of the bell of a jellyfish, and
acting as a swimming organ.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nec"to*sac</hw>, <hw>Nec"to*sack</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; swimming + E. <i>sac</i>, <i>sack</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cavity of a nectocalyx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nec"to*stem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; swimming +
E. <i>stem</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>That portion of the axis
which bears the nectocalyces in the Siphonophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ned"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Adder</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An adder.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ned"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Neddies</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A pet name
for a donkey.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nee</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p., fem.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>nata</i>, fem. of <i>natus</i>, p. p. of <i>nasci</i> to be born.
See <u>Nation</u>.] <def>Born; -- a term sometimes used in
introducing the name of the family to which a married woman belongs
by birth; as, Madame de Sta&euml;l, <i>n&eacute;e</i>
Necker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Need</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>need</i>,
<i>neod</i>, <i>nede</i>, AS. <i>ne&aacute;d</i>, <i>n&ymacr;d</i>;
akin to D. <i>nood</i>, G. <i>not</i>, <i>noth</i>, Icel.
<i>nau&eth;r</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>n&ouml;d</i>, Goth. <i>naups</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state that requires supply or relief;
pressing occasion for something; necessity; urgent want.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the city had no <i>need</i> of the
sun.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xxi. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have no <i>need</i> to beg.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be governed by your <i>needs</i>, not by your
fancy.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of the means of subsistence; poverty;
indigence; destitution.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Famine is in thy cheeks;<BR>
<i>Need</i> and oppression starveth in thine eyes.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is needful; anything necessary
to be done; (<i>pl.</i>) necessary things; business.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Situation of need; peril; danger.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Exigency; emergency; strait; extremity; necessity;
distress; destitution; poverty; indigence; want; penury.  --
<u>Need</u>, <u>Necessity</u>. <i>Necessity</i> is stronger than
<i>need</i>; it places us under positive compulsion. We are
frequently under the <i>necessity</i> of going without that of which
we stand very greatly in <i>need</i>. It is also with the
corresponding adjectives; <i>necessitous</i> circumstances imply the
direct pressure of suffering; <i>needy</i> circumstances, the want of
aid or relief.</p>

<p><hw>Need</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Needed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Needing</u>.] [See <u>Need</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Cf. AS.
<i>n&?;dan</i> to force, Goth. <i>nau&?;jan</i>.] <def>To be in want
of; to have cause or occasion for; to lack; to require, as supply or
relief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Other creatures all day long<BR>
Rove idle, unemployed, and less <i>need</i> rest.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; With another verb, <i>need</i> is used like an auxiliary,
generally in a negative sentence expressing requirement or
obligation, and in this use it undergoes no change of termination in
the third person singular of the present tense. "And the lender
<i>need</i> not fear he shall be injured."  <i>Anacharsis (Trans.
).</i></p>

<p><hw>Need</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be wanted; to be
necessary.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When we have done it, we have done all that is in our
power, and all that <i>needs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Need</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Of necessity. See
<u>Needs</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Need"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who needs
anything.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Need"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of need; in need or want; needy; distressing.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>needful</i> time of trouble.</blockquote>
<i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Necessary for supply or relief;
requisite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All things <i>needful</i> for defense
abound.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Need"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Need"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Need"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From
<u>Needy</u>.] <def>In a needy condition or manner;
necessarily.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Need"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being needy; want; poverty; indigence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nee"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nedle</i>, AS.
<i>n&?;dl</i>; akin to D. <i>neald</i>, OS. <i>n&amacr;dla</i>, G.
<i>nadel</i>, OHG. <i>n&amacr;dal</i>, <i>n&amacr;dala</i>, Icel.
<i>n&amacr;l</i>, Sw. <i>n&aring;l</i>, Dan. <i>naal</i>, and also to
G. <i>n&auml;hen</i> to sew, OHG. <i>n&amacr;jan</i>, L. <i>nere</i>
to spin, Gr. &?;, and perh. to E. <i>snare</i>: cf. Gael. &amp; Ir.
<i>snathad</i> needle, Gael. <i>snath</i> thread, G. <i>schnur</i>
string, cord.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small instrument of steel,
sharply pointed at one end, with an eye to receive a thread, -- used
in sewing.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In some needles(as for sewing machines) the eye is at the
pointed end, but in ordinary needles it is at the blunt end.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <i>Magnetic needle</i>, under
<u>Magnetic</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A slender rod or wire used in knitting; a
knitting needle; also, a hooked instrument which carries the thread
or twine, and by means of which knots or loops are formed in the
process of netting, knitting, or crocheting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the needle-shaped
secondary leaves of pine trees. See <u>Pinus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any slender, pointed object, like a
needle, as a pointed crystal, a sharp pinnacle of rock, an obelisk,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dipping needle</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Dipping</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Needle bar</b></col>, <cd>the
reciprocating bar to which the needle of a sewing machine is
attached.</cd> -- <col><b>Needle beam</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>to shoring, the horizontal cross timber which goes through the
wall or a pier, and upon which the weight of the wall rests, when a
building is shored up to allow of alterations in the lower part.</cd>
-- <col><b>Needle furze</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a prickly
leguminous plant of Western Europe; the petty whin (<i>Genista
Anglica</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Needle gun</b></col>, <cd>a firearm
loaded at the breech with a cartridge carrying its own fulminate,
which is exploded by driving a slender needle, or pin, into it.</cd>
-- <col><b>Needle loom</b></col> <i>(Weaving)</i>, <cd>a loom in
which the weft thread is carried through the shed by a long eye-
pointed needle instead of by a shuttle.</cd> -- <col><b>Needle
ore</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>acicular bismuth; a sulphide of
bismuth, lead, and copper occuring in acicular crystals; -- called
also <i>aikinite</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Needle shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a sea urchin.</cd> -- <col><b>Needle
spar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>aragonite.</cd> -- <col><b>Needle
telegraph</b></col>, <cd>a telegraph in which the signals are given
by the deflections of a magnetic needle to the right or to the left
of a certain position.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea needle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the garfish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nee"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form in the
shape of a needle; as, to <i>needle</i> crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nee"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form needles; to
crystallize in the form of needles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nee"dle*book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book-
shaped needlecase, having leaves of cloth into which the needles are
stuck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nee"dle*case`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A case to
keep needles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nee"dle*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The European great
pipefish (<i>Siphostoma, or Syngnathus, acus</i>); -- called also
<i>earl</i>, and <i>tanglefish</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The garfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>nee"dle*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>needlefuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much thread as is used in
a needle at one time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nee"dle-pointed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pointed
as needles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nee"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes or
uses needles; also, a dealer in needles.</def>  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nee"dless</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having no need.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Weeping into the <i>needless</i> stream.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not wanted; unnecessary; not requisite;
as, <i>needless</i> labor; <i>needless</i> expenses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without sufficient cause; groundless;
causeless.</def> "<i>Needless</i> jealousy."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Need"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Need"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nee"dle*stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Natrolite; -- called also <i>needle zeolite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nee"dle*wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Needlewomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman who does
needlework; a seamstress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nee"dle*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Work executed with a needle; sewed work;
sewing; embroidery; also, the business of a seamstress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The combination of timber and plaster
making the outside framework of some houses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nee"dly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a needle or
needles; as, a <i>needly</i> horn; a <i>needly</i> beard.</def>
<i>R. D. Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Need"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>n&ymacr;dlice</i>. See <u>Need</u>.] <def>Necessarily; of
necessity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>hak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Need"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something needed
or wanted.</def> <i>pl.</i> <def>Outfit; necessary luggage.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Carrying each his <i>needments</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Needs</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Orig. gen. of
<i>need</i>, used as an adverb.  Cf. <u>-wards</u>.] <def>Of
necessity; necessarily; indispensably; -- often with <i>must</i>, and
equivalent to <i>of need</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man must <i>needs</i> love mauger his
head.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And he must <i>needs</i> go through
Samaria.</blockquote> <i>John iv. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He would <i>needs</i> know the cause of his
reulse.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Needs"cost`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Of
necessity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Needs"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Of necessity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Need"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Needier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Neediest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Distressed by want of the means of living; very poor; indigent;
necessitous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt open thy hand wide unto thy brother, to thy
poor, and to thy <i>needy</i> in thy land.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xv.
11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Spare the blushes of <i>needly</i> merit.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Necessary; requisite.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Corn to make your <i>needy</i> bread.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Neeld</hw> (?), <hw>Neele</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Needle</u>.] <def>A needle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neel"ghau</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Nylghau</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neem" tree`</hw> (?). [Hind. <i>n&imacr;m</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An Asiatic name for <i>Melia Azadirachta</i>, and <i>M.
Azedarach</i>. See <u>Margosa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neer</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Nearer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne'er</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>a contraction
of <u>Never</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neese</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Neesed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Neesing</u>.] [OE. <i>nesen</i>; akin to D. <i>niezen</i>, G.
<i>niesen</i>, Icel. <i>hnj&omacr;sa</i>.] <def>To sneeze.</def>
[Obs.] [Written also <i>neeze</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Nees"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sneezing.</def>
[Obs.] "By his <i>neesings</i> a light doth shine."  <i>Job xli.
18.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ne` ex"e*at</hw> (?). [L. <i>ne exeat regno</i> let him not
go out of the kingdom.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ to restrain a person
from leaving the country, or the jurisdiction of the court. The writ
was originally applicable to purposes of state, but is now an
ordinary process of courts of equity, resorted to for the purpose of
obtaining bail, or security to abide a decree.</def>
<i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nef</hw> (?; F. &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Nave</u>.] <def>The nave of a church.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ne"fand</hw> (?), <hw>Ne*fan"dous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nefandus</i> not to be spoken; <i>ne</i>
not + <i>fari</i> to speak.] <def>Unfit to speak of; unmentionable;
impious; execrable.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Nefand</i> adominations."
<i>Sheldon.</i> "<i>Nefandous</i> high treason." <i>Cotton
Mather.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*fa"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nefarius</i>, fr. <i>nefas</i> crime, wrong; <i>ne</i> not +
<i>fas</i> divine law; akin to <i>fari</i> to speak. See <u>No</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, and <u>Fate</u>.] <def>Wicked in the extreme;
abominable; iniquitous; atrociously villainous; execrable; detestably
vile.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Iniquitous; detestable; horrible; heinious;
atrocious; infamous; impious. See <u>Iniquitous</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ne*fa"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ne*fa"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ne"fasch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any fish of the genus <i>Distichodus</i>. Several large species
inhabit the Nile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"fast</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nefastus</i>.]
<def>Wicked.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ne*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>negatio</i>,
fr. <i>negare</i> to say no, to deny; <i>ne</i> not + the root of
<i>aio</i> I say; cf. Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>ah</i> to say; cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;gation</i>. See <u>No</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Adage</u>, <u>Deny</u>, <u>Renegade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of denying; assertion of the nonreality or
untruthfulness of anything; declaration that something is not, or has
not been, or will not be; denial; -- the opposite of
<i>affirmation</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our assertions and <i>negations</i> should be yea and
nay.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Description or definition
by denial, exclusion, or exception; statement of what a thing is not,
or has not, from which may be inferred what it is or has.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neg"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>n&eacute;gatif</i>, L. <i>negativus</i>, fr. <i>negare</i> to
deny. See <u>Negation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Denying;
implying, containing, or asserting denial, negation or refusal;
returning the answer <i>no</i> to an inquiry or request; refusing
assent; as, a <i>negative</i> answer; a <i>negative</i> opinion; --
opposed to <i>affirmative</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou wilt confess,<BR>
Or else be impudently <i>negative</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Denying me any power of a <i>negative</i>
voice.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Something between an affirmative bow and a
<i>negative</i> shake.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not positive; without affirmative
statement or demonstration; indirect; consisting in the absence of
something; privative; as, a <i>negative</i> argument; a
<i>negative</i> morality; <i>negative</i> criticism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There in another way of denying Christ, . . . which is
<i>negative</i>, when we do not acknowledge and confess
him.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Asserting absence of
connection between a subject and a predicate; as, a <i>negative</i>
proposition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
picture upon glass or other material, in which the lights and shades
of the original, and the relations of right and left, are
reversed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Metalloidal; nonmetallic; -
- contracted with <i>positive</i> or <i>basic</i>; as, the nitro
group is <i>negative</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word, derived from <i>electro-negative</i>, is now
commonly used in a more general sense, when <i>acidiferous</i> is the
intended signification.</p>

<p><col><b>Negative crystal</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
cavity in a mineral mass, having the form of a crystal</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A crystal which has the power of negative
double refraction. See <u>refraction</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>negative
electricity</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>the kind of electricity
which is developed upon resin or ebonite when rubbed, or which
appears at that pole of a voltaic battery which is connected with the
plate most attacked by the exciting liquid; -- formerly called
<i>resinous electricity</i>. Opposed to <i>positive electricity</i>.
Formerly, according to Franklin's theory of a single electric fluid,
negative electricity was supposed to be electricity in a degree below
saturation, or the natural amount for a given body. see
<u>Electricity</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Negative eyepiece</b></col>.
<i>(Opt.)</i> <cd>see under <u>Eyepiece</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Negative
quantity</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>a quantity preceded by the
negative sign, or which stands in the relation indicated by this sign
to some other quantity. See <i>Negative sign</i> (below).</cd> --
<col><b>Negative rotation</b></col>, <cd>right-handed rotation. See
<u>Right-handed</u>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Negative sign</b></col>,
<cd>the sign -, or <i>minus</i> (opposed in signification to +, or
<i>plus</i>), indicating that the quantity to which it is prefixed is
to be subtracted from the preceding quantity, or is to be reckoned
from zero or cipher in the opposite direction to that of quanties
having the sign <i>plus</i> either expressed or understood; thus, in
<i>a - b</i>, <i>b</i> is to be substracted from <i>a</i>, or
regarded as opposite to it in value; and -10&deg; on a thermometer
means 10&deg; <i>below</i> the zero of the scale.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 969 !></p>

<p><hw>Neg"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;gative</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A proposition by
which something is denied or forbidden; a conception or term formed
by prefixing the negative particle to one which is positive; an
opposite or contradictory term or conception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is a known rule in divinity, that there is no
command that runs in <i>negatives</i> but couches under it a positive
duty.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A word used in denial or refusal; as,
<i>not</i>, <i>no</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Old England two or more negatives were often joined
together for the sake of emphasis, whereas now such expressions are
considered ungrammatical, being chiefly heard in iliterate speech.  A
double negative is now sometimes used as nearly or quite equivalent
to an affirmative.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>No</i> wine <i>ne</i> drank she, neither white nor
red.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These eyes that never did <i>nor never</i> shall<BR>
So much as frown on you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The refusal or withholding of assents;
veto.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a kind without his kingdom be, in a civil sense,
nothing, then . . . his <i>negative</i> is as good as
nothing.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That side of a question which denies or
refuses, or which is taken by an opposing or denying party; the
relation or position of denial or opposition; as, the question was
decided in the <i>negative</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A picture upon glass or
other material, in which the light portions of the original are
represented in some opaque material (usually reduced silver), and the
dark portions by the uncovered and transparent or semitransparent
ground of the picture.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>negative</i> is chiefly used for producing photographs
by means of the sun's light passing through it and acting upon
sensitized paper, thus producing on the paper a positive picture.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Elect.)</i> <def>The negative plate of a
voltaic or electrolytic cell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Negative pregnant</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a negation
which implies an affirmation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Neg"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Negatived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Negativing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prove
unreal or untrue; to disprove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The omission or infrequency of such recitals does not
<i>negative</i> the existence of miracles.</blockquote>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reject by vote; to refuse to enact or
sanction; as, the Senate <i>negatived</i> the bill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To neutralize the force of; to
counteract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neg"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a negative manner; with or by denial.</def> "He answered
<i>negatively</i>."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the form of speech implying the absence
of something; -- opposed to <i>positively</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall show what this image of God in man is,
<i>negatively</i>, by showing wherein it does not consist, and
positively, by showing wherein it does consist.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Negatively</b></col> <col><b>charged or
electrified</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>having a charge of the kind
of electricity called <i>negative</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Neg"a*tive*ness</hw>, <hw>Neg`a*tiv"i*ty</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being
negative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neg"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>negatorius</i>: cf. F. <i>n&eacute;gatorie</i>.] <def>Expressing
denial; belonging to negation; negative.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Neg"i*noth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>n&ebreve;g&imacr;n&omacr;th</i>.] <i>(Script.)</i> <def>Stringed
instruments.</def>  <i>Dr. W. Smith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To the chief musician on <i>Neginoth</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. iv. 9heading).</i></p>

<p><hw>Neg*lect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Neglected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Neglecting</u>.] [L. <i>neglectus</i>, p. p. of <i>neglegere</i>
(<i>negligere</i>) to disregard, neglect, the literal sense prob.
neing, not to pick up; <i>nec</i> not, nor (fr. <i>ne</i> not + <i>-
que</i>, a particle akin to Goth. <i>-h</i>, <i>-uh</i>, and prob. to
E. <i>who</i>; cf. Goth. <i>nih</i> nor) + L. <i>legere</i> to pick
up, gather. See <u>No</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, <u>Legend</u>,
<u>Who</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not to attend to with due care
or attention; to forbear one's duty in regard to; to suffer to pass
unimproved, unheeded, undone, etc.; to omit; to disregard; to slight;
as, to <i>neglect</i> duty or business; to <i>neglect</i> to pay
debts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hope<BR>
My absence doth <i>neglect</i> no great designs.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This, my long suffering and my day of grace,<BR>
Those who <i>neglect</i> and scorn shall never taste.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To omit to notice; to forbear to treat
with attention or respect; to slight; as, to <i>neglect</i>
strangers.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To slight; overlook; disregard; disesteem; contemn.
See <u>Slight</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Neg*lect"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>neglectus</i>. See
<u>Neglect</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Omission of proper attention; avoidance or disregard of duty,
from heedlessness, indifference, or willfulness; failure to do, use,
or heed anything; culpable disregard; as, <i>neglect</i> of business,
of health, of economy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To tell thee sadly, shepherd, without blame,<BR>
Or our <i>neglect</i>, we lost her as we came.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Omission if attention or civilities;
slight; as, <i>neglect</i> of strangers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Habitual carelessness;
negligence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Age breeds <i>neglect</i> in all.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being disregarded, slighted,
or neglected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rescue my poor remains from vile
<i>neglect</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Negligence; inattention; disregard; disesteem;
remissness; indifference. See <u>Negligence</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Neg*lect"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being neglected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neg*lect"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
neglects.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neg*lect"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
neglect; heedless; careless; negligent; inattentive;
indifferent.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A cold and <i>neglectful</i> countenance.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though the Romans had no great genius for trade, yet
they were not entirely <i>neglectful</i> of it.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Neg*lect"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Neg*lect"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Neg*lect"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Carelessly;
heedlessly.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neg*lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>neglectio</i>.] <def>The state of being negligent;
negligence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neg*lect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Neglectful.</def> [R.] "<i>Neglective</i> of their own
children."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neg`li*gee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>n&eacute;glig&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>n&eacute;gliger</i> to neglect,
L. <i>negligere</i>. See <u>Neglect</u>.] <def>An easy, unceremonious
attire; undress; also, a kind of easy robe or dressing gown worn by
women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neg"li*gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>n&eacute;gligence</i>, L. <i>negligentia</i>.] <def>The quality or
state of being negligent; lack of due diligence or care; omission of
duty; habitual neglect; heedlessness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act or instance of negligence or
carelessness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>remarking his beauties, . . . I must also point out
his <i>negligences</i> and defects.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The omission of the care
usual under the circumstances, being convertible with the Roman
<i>culpa</i>. A specialist is bound to higher skill and diligence in
his specialty than one who is not a specialist, and liability for
negligence varies acordingly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Contributory negligence</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Contributory</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Neglect; inattention; heedlessness; disregard;
slight.  -- <u>Negligence</u>, <u>Neglect</u>. These two words are
freely interchanged in our older writers; but a distinction has
gradually sprung up between them. As now generally used,
<i>negligence</i> is the habit, and <i>neglect</i> the act, of
leaving things undone or unattended to. We are <i>negligent</i> as a
general trait of character; we are guilty of <i>neglect</i> in
particular cases, or in reference to individuals who had a right to
our attentions.</p>

<p><hw>Neg"li*gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>n&eacute;gligent</i>, L. <i>negligens</i>,p. pr. of
<i>negligere</i>. See <u>Neglect</u>.] <def>Apt to neglect;
customarily neglectful; characterized by negligence; careless;
heedless; culpably careless; showing lack of attention; as, disposed
in <i>negligent</i> order.</def> "Be thou <i>negligent</i> of fame."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that thinks he can afford to be <i>negligent</i> is
not far from being poor.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Careles; heedless; neglectful; regardless;
thoughtless; indifferent; inattentive; remiss.</p>

<p><hw>Neg"li*gent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
negligent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neg"li*gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;gligible</i>, <i>n&eacute;gligeable</i>.] <def>That may
neglected, disregarded, or left out of consideration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Within very <i>negligible</i> limits of
error.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*goce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>n&eacute;goce</i>. See <u>Negotiate</u>.] <def>Business;
occupation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*go`ti*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>n&eacute;gociabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
negotiable or transferable by indorsement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*go"ti*a*ble</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;gotiable</i>. See <u>Negotiate</u>.] <def>Capable of
being negotiated; transferable by assignment or indorsement to
another person; as, a <i>negotiable</i> note or bill of
exchange.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Negotiable paper</b></col>, <cd>any commercial paper
transferable by sale or delivery and indorsement, as bills of
exchange, drafts, checks, and promissory notes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ne*go"ti*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>negotians</i>, prop. p. pr. of <i>negotiari</i>: cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;gociant</i>.] <def>A negotiator.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*go"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>negotiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>negotiari</i>, fr. <i>negotium</i>
business; <i>nec</i> not + <i>otium</i> leisure.  Cf.
<u>Neglect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To transact business; to
carry on trade.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with another respecting purchase
and sale or some business affair; to bargain or trade; as, to
<i>negotiate</i> with a man for the purchase of goods or a
farm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hold intercourse respecting a treaty,
league, or convention; to treat with, respecting peace or commerce;
to conduct communications or conferences.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that <i>negotiates</i> between God and man<BR>
Is God's ambassador.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To intrigue; to scheme.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*go"ti*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Negotiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Negotiating</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry on
negotiations concerning; to procure or arrange for by negotiation;
as, to <i>negotiate</i> peace, or an exchange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Constantinople had <i>negotiated</i> in the isles of
the Archipelago . . . the most indispensable supplies.</blockquote>
<i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To transfer for a valuable consideration
under rules of commercial law; to sell; to pass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The notes were not <i>negotiated</i> to them in the
usual course of business or trade.</blockquote> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*go`ti*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>negotiatio</i>: cf. F. <i>n&eacute;gociation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of negotiating; a treating
with another respecting sale or purchase. etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, mercantile business; trading.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who had lost, with these prizes, forty thousand
pounds, after twenty years' <i>negotiation</i> in the East
Indies.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The transaction of business between
nations; the mutual intercourse of governments by diplomatic agents,
in making treaties, composing difference, etc.; as, the
<i>negotiations</i> at Ghent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An important negotiation with foreign
powers.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*go"ti*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;gociateur</i>.] <def>One who negotiates; a person who
treats with others, either as principal or agent, in respect to
purchase and sale, or public compacts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*go"ti*a*to*ry</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to negotiation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*go`ti*a"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
woman who negotiates.</def>  <i>Miss Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*go`ti*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>negotiositas</i>.] <def>The state of being busy; multitude of
business.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ne*go"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>negotiosus</i>.] <def>Very busy; attentive to business;
active.</def> [R.]  <i>D. Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*go"tious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being busily occupied; activity.</def> [R.]  <i>D. Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne"gress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Negresses</b></plw> (&?;). [Cf. F. <i>n&eacute;grese</i>,
fem. of <i>n&eacute;gre</i> a negro. See <u>Negro</u>.] <def>A black
woman; a female negro.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne*gri"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., blackish,
fem. of <i>negrito</i>, dim. of <i>negro</i> black.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A blackish fish (<i>Hypoplectrus
nigricans</i>), of the Sea-bass family. It is a native of the West
Indies and Florida.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*grit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to negroes; composed of negroes.</def>  <i>Keary.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*gri"tos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing
<singw><b>Negrito</b></singw> (&?;). [Sp., dim. of <i>negro</i>
black.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A degraded Papuan race, inhabiting
Luzon and some of the other east Indian Islands. They resemble
negroes, but are smaller in size. They are mostly nomads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"gro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Negroes</b></plw> (&?;). [Sp. or Pg. <i>negro</i>, fr.
<i>negro</i> black, L. <i>niger</i>; perh. akin to E. <i>night</i>.]
<def>A black man; especially, one of a race of black or very dark
persons who inhabit the greater part of tropical Africa, and are
distinguished by crisped or curly hair, flat noses, and thick
protruding lips; also, any black person of unmixed African blood,
wherever found.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"gro</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
negroes; black.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Negro bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a minute
black bug common on the raspberry and blackberry. It produced a very
disagreeable flavor.</cd> -- <col><b>negro corn</b></col>, <cd>the
Indian millet or durra; -- so called in the West Indies. see
<u>Durra</u>.</cd>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Negro fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a black
dipterous fly (<i>Psila ros&aelig;</i>) which, in the larval state,
is injurious to carrots; -- called also <i>carrot fly</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Negro head</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>Cavendish
tobacco.</cd> [Cant]  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Negro monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
moor monkey.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ne"groid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Negro</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of the
negro.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling the negro or negroes; of or
pertaining to those who resemble the negro.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"gro*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Negroid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A beverage made of
wine, water, sugar, nutmeg, and lemon juice; -- so called, it is
said, from its first maker, Colonel <i>Negus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne"hi*loth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Heb.]
<i>(Script.)</i> <def>A term supposed to mean, perforated wind
instruments of music, as pipes or flutes.</def>  <i>Ps. v.
(heading).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*hush"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.] <def>A thing
of brass; -- the name under which the Israelites worshiped the brazen
serpent made by Moses.</def>  <i>2 Kings xviii. 4.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Neif</hw>, <hw>Neife</hw>  } (n&emacr;f),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>ne&iuml;f</i>, <i>na&iuml;f</i>, a born
serf, fr. L. <i>nativus</i> born, imparted by birth. See
<u>Native</u>.] <def>A woman born in the state of villeinage; a
female serf.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Neif</hw>, <hw>Neaf</hw> (n&emacr;f), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Icel. <i>hnefi</i>; akin to Dan. <i>n&aelig;ve</i>, Sw.
<i>n&auml;fve</i>.] <def>The fist.</def> [Obs.] "I kiss thy
<i>neif</i>." "Give me your <i>neaf</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neigh</hw> (n&amacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Neighed</u> (n&amacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Neighing</u>.] [OE. <i>neien</i>, AS.
<i>hn&aemacr;gan</i>, prob. of imitative origin; cf. MHG.
<i>n&emacr;gen</i>, Icel. <i>hneggja</i>, <i>gneggja</i>, Sw.
<i>gn&auml;gga</i>.  Cf. <u>Nag</u> a horse.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To utter the cry of the horse; to whinny.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To scoff or sneer; to jeer.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Neighed</i> at his nakedness.</blockquote> <i>Beau.
& Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neigh</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The cry of a horse; a
whinny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neigh"bor</hw> (n&amacr;"b&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>neighebour</i>, AS. <i>ne&aacute;hgeb&umacr;r</i>;
<i>ne&aacute;h</i> nigh + <i>geb&umacr;r</i> a dweller, farmer; akin
to D. <i>nabuur</i>, G. <i>nachbar</i>, OHG.
<i>n&amacr;hgib&umacr;r</i>. See <u>Nigh</u>, and <u>Boor</u>.]
[Spelt also <i>neighbour</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person who
lives near another; one whose abode is not far off.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Masters, my good friends, mine honest
<i>neighbors</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is near in sympathy or
confidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Buckingham<BR>
No more shall be the <i>neighbor</i> to my counsel.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One entitled to, or exhibiting, neighborly
kindness; hence, one of the human race; a fellow being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which now of these three, thinkest thou, was
<i>neighbor</i> unto him that fell among the thieves?</blockquote>
<i>Luke x. 36.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gospel allows no such term as "stranger;" makes
every man my <i>neighbor</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neigh"bor</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Near to another;
adjoining; adjacent; next; neighboring.</def> "The <i>neighbor</i>
cities." <i>Jer. l. 40.</i> "The <i>neighbor</i> room."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>neigh"bor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Neighbored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n</i></pos>
<u>Neighboring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To adjoin; to border on;
tobe near to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leisurely ascending hills that <i>neighbor</i> the
shore.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To associate intimately with.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neigh"bor</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dwell in the
vicinity; to be a neighbor, or in the neighborhood; to be near.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A copse that <i>neighbors</i> by.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neigh"bor*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>neighbourhood</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
condition of being a neighbor; the state of being or dwelling near;
proximity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then the prison and the palace were in awful
<i>neighborhood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place near; vicinity; adjoining
district; a region the inhabitants of which may be counted as
neighbors; as, he lives in my <i>neighborhood</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The inhabitants who live in the vicinity
of each other; as, the fire alarmed all the
<i>neiborhood</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The disposition becoming a neighbor;
neighborly kindness or good will.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Vicinity; vicinage; proximity.  --
<u>Neighborhood</u>, <u>Vicinity</u>. <i>Neighborhood</i> is Anglo-
Saxon, and <i>vicinity</i> is Latin. <i>Vicinity</i> does not
commonly denote so close a connection as <i>neighborhood</i>. A
<i>neighborhood</i> is a more immediate <i>vicinity.</i>  The houses
immediately adjoining a square are in the <i>neighborhood</i> of that
square; those which are somewhat further removed are also in the
<i>vicinity</i> of the square.</p>

<p><hw>Neigh"bor*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Living or being
near; adjacent; as, the <i>neighboring</i> nations or
countries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neigh"bor*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being neighborly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neigh"bor*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Also written
<i>neighbourly</i>.] <def>Appropriate to the relation of neighbors;
having frequent or familiar intercourse; kind; civil; social;
friendly.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <def>In a neighborly
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Judge if this be <i>neighborly</i>
dealing.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neigh"bor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being neighbors.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Bailie.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Neis"hout</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From D.
<i>niezen</i> to sneeze + <i>hout</i> wood.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
mahogany-like wood of the South African tree <i>Pteroxylon utile</i>,
the sawdust of which causes violent sneezing (whence the name). Also
called <i>sneezewood</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nei"ther</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>neiter</i>, <i>nother</i>, <i>nouther</i>, AS.
<i>n&amacr;w&eth;er</i>, <i>n&amacr;hw&aelig;&eth;er</i>;
<i>n&amacr;</i> never, not + <i>hw&aelig;&eth;er</i> whether. The
word has followed the form of <i>either</i>. See <u>No</u>, and
<u>Whether</u>, and cf. <u>Neuter</u>, <u>Nor</u>.] <def>Not either;
not the one or the other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which of them shall I take?<BR>
Both? one? or <i>neither</i>? <i>Neither</i> can be enjoyed,<BR>
If both remain alive.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>neither</i> loves,<BR>
Nor either cares for him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nei"ther</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>not either;
generally used to introduce the first of two or more co&ouml;rdinate
clauses of which those that follow begin with <i>nor</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fight <i>neither</i> with small nor great, save only
with the king.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xxii. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hadst thou been firm and fixed in thy dissent,<BR>
<i>Neither</i> had I transgressed, nor thou with me.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When she put it on, she made me vow<BR>
That I should <i>neither</i> sell, nor give, nor lose
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Neither</i> was formerly often used where we now use
<i>nor</i>. "For neither circumcision, <i>neither</i> uncircumcision
is anything at all." <i>Tyndale.</i> "Ye shall not eat of it,
<i>neither</i> shall ye touch it." <i>Gen. iii. 3.</i> <i>Neither</i>
is sometimes used colloquially at the end of a clause to enforce a
foregoing negative (<i>nor</i>, <i>not</i>, <i>no</i>). "He is very
tall, but not too tall <i>neither</i>." <i>Addison.</i> " &lsquo;I
care not for his thrust' &lsquo;No, nor I <i>neither</i>.'"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Not so neither</b></col>, <cd>by no means.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ne*lum"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ceylonese word.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of great water lilies. The North American
species is <i>Nelumbo lutea</i>, the Asiatic is the sacred lotus,
<i>N. speciosa</i>.</def> [Written also <i>Nelumbium</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 970 !></p>

<p><hw>Nem"a*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nema</i>
thread, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to spin.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Having the form
of threads; fibrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nem"a*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thread +
<i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>n&eacute;malite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
fibrous variety of brucite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nem`a*tel"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Nemathelminthes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nem`a*the"ci*um</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Nemathecia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
thread + &?; a box.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A peculiar kind of
fructification on certain red alg&aelig;, consisting of an external
mass of filaments at length separating into tetraspores.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Nem`a*thel*min"thes</hw> (?),
<hw>||Nem`a*tel*min"thes</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Nemato-</u>, and <u>Helminthes</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An ordr of helminths, including the Nematoidea and Gordiacea;
the roundworms.</def> [Written also <i>Nematelminthea</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Nem"a*to-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>nh^ma</grk>, <grk>nh`matos</grk>, a thread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nem"a*to*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nemato-</i>
+ <i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A spermatocyte or
spermoblast.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nem`a*to*ca"lyx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nematocalyces</b></plw> (#), E. -<plw><b>calyxes</b></plw>
(#). [NL. See <u>Nemato-</u>, and <u>Calyx</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a peculiar kind of cups, or calicles, found upon hydroids
of the family <i>Plumularid&aelig;</i>. They contain nematocysts. See
<u>Plumularia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nem`a*toc"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, a thread + <grk>ke`ras</grk> horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A suborder of dipterous insects, having long antenn&aelig;, as
the mosquito, gnat, and crane fly; -- called also
<i>Nemocera</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nem"a*to*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nemato-</i> +
<i>cyst</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lasso cell, or thread cell.
See <u>Lasso cell</u>, under <u>Lasso</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nem"a*tode</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Nematoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nem"a*to*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nemato-</i> +
root of Gr. &?; to be born.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
dimorphic forms of the species of Dicyemata, which produced vermiform
embryos; -- opposed to <i>rhombogene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nem`a*tog"nath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Nematognathi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nem`a*tog"na*thi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>nemato-</u>, and <u>Gnathic</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of fishes having barbels on the jaws. It includes the
catfishes, or siluroids. See <u>Siluroid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nem"a*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Nemato-</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Nematoidea.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Nematoidea.
See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nem`a*toi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, thread + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of worms, having a long, round, and generally smooth body; the
roundworms.  They are mostly parasites. Called also <i>Nematodea</i>,
and <i>Nematoda</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The trichina, stomach worm, and pinworm of man belong to
this group. See also <i>Vinegar eel</i>, under <u>Vinegar</u>, and
<u>Gapeworm</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Nem`a*toid"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Nematoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nem`a*toph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, a thread + &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>C&oelig;lenterata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"me*an</hw> (n&emacr;"m&esl;*<i>a</i>n; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Nemeus</i>, fr. <i>Nemea</i>, Gr.
<grk>Neme`h</grk>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Nemea, in Argolis, where
the ancient Greeks celebrated games, and Hercules killed a
lion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*mer"te*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Nemertina.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Nemertina.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne*mer"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>nhmerth`s</grk> unerring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
Nemertina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*mer"ti*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Nemertean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*mer"tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Nemertean.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne*mer"ti*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Nemertina.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nem`er*ti"na</hw> (n&ebreve;m`&etilde;r*t&imacr;"n&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Nemrtes</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of helminths usually having a long,
slender, smooth, often bright-colored body, covered with minute
vibrating cilia; -- called also <i>Nemertea</i>, <i>Nemertida</i>,
and <i>Rhynchoc&oelig;la</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The mouth is beneath the head, and the straight intestine
at the posterior end. They have a very singular long tubular
proboscis, which can be everted from a pore in the front of the head.
Their nervous system and blood vessels are well developed. Some of
the species become over one hundred feet long. They are mostly marine
and seldom parasitic; a few inhabit fresh water.  The two principal
divisions are Anopla and Enopla.</p>

<p><hw>Nem"e*sis</hw> (n&ebreve;m"&esl;*s&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. <grk>Ne`mesis</grk>, orig.,
distribution, fr. <grk>ne`mein</grk> to distribute. See
<u>Nomad</u>.] <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The goddess of retribution
or vengeance; hence, retributive justice personified; divine
vengeance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is that ancient doctrine of <i>nemesis</i> who
keeps watch in the universe, and lets no offense go
unchastised.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*moph"i*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Nemophily</u>.] <def>One who is fond of forest or forest scenery;
a haunter of the woods.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ne*moph"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ne`mos</grk> wooded pasture, glade + <grk>filei^n</grk> to
love.] <def>Fondness for forest scenery; love of the woods.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Nem"o*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nemoralis</i>,
fr. <i>nemus</i>, <i>nemoris</i>, a wood or grove: cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;moral</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a wood or
grove.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Nem"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nemorosus</i>.] <def>Woody.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Paradise itself was but a kind of <i>nemorous</i>
temple.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nemp"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>nemnan</i>
to name or call. See <u>Name</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To name
or call.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nempt</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Nempne</u>.
<def>Called; named.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nems</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The ichneumon.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nenia</i>,
<i>naenia</i>.] <def>A funeral song; an elegy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nen"u*phar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>n&eacute;nufar</i>: cf. Sp. <i>nen&uacute;far</i>, It.
<i>nenuf&aacute;r</i>; all fr. Per. <i>n&imacr;l&?;far</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The great white water lily of Europe; the
<i>Nymph&aelig;a alba</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"o-</hw> (&?;). [Gr. &?; youthful, new. See <u>New</u>.]
<def>A prefix meaning <i>new</i>, <i>recent</i>, <i>late</i>; and in
chemistry designating specifically that variety of metameric
hydrocarbons which, when the name was applied, had been
<i>recently</i> classified, and in which at least one carbon atom in
connected directly with four other carbon atoms; -- contrasted with
<i>normal</i> and <i>iso-</i>; as, <i>neo</i>pentane; the
<i>neo</i>paraffins. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne`o*car"i*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; new + &?;, &?;, a kind of crustacean.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The modern, or true, Crustacea, as distinguished from the
Merostomata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"o*cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i> + Gr.
&?; new.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>More recent than the Eocene, that is,
including both the Miocene and Pliocene divisions of the
Tertiary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-Chris*tian"i*ty</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Neo-</i> + <i>Christianity</i>.] <def>Rationalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*co"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Neocomium</i>, the Latin name of Neuchatel, in Switzerland, where
these rocks occur.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A term applied to the lowest
deposits of the Cretaceous or chalk formation of Europe, being the
lower greensand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*co"mi*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the lower greensand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*cos"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i> +
<i>cosmic</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the universe in its present
state; specifically, pertaining to the races of men known to
history.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*oc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i>+ <i>-
cracy</i>, as in <i>aristocracy</i>.] <def>Government by new or
inexperienced hands; upstart rule; raw or untried
officials.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*od"a*mode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; new
+ &?;, <grk>dh`mos</grk>, the people + &?; shape.] <def>In ancient
Sparta, one of those Helots who were freed by the state in reward for
military service.</def>  <i>Milford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*dym"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Dee <u>Neo-
</u>, and <u>Didymium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An elementary
substance which forms one of the constituents of didymium. Symbol Nd.
Atomic weight 140.8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*g&aelig;"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i> +
Gr. &?; earth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the New
World, or Western Hemisphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*og"a*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; newly
married.] <def>A person recently married.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i> + <i>-
gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alloy resembling silver, and
consisting chiefly of copper, zinc, and nickel, with small
proportions of tin, aluminium, and bismuth.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A new method or system of writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-Lat"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i> +
<i>Latin</i>.] <def>Applied to the Romance languages, as being mostly
of Latin origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*lith"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i> +
<i>-lith</i> + <i>-ic</i>.] <i>(Arch&aelig;ol. &amp; Geol.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to, or designating, an era characterized by late
remains in stone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Neolithic</i> era includes the latter half of
the "Stone age;" the human relics which belong to it are associated
with the remains of animals not yet extinct. The kitchen middens of
Denmark, the lake dwellings of Switzerland, and the stockaded
islands, or "crannogs," of the British Isles, belong to this
era.</blockquote> <i>Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*lo*gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Neologic;
neological.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*lo"gi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
neologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*lo"gi*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Neologism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ne`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ne`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>n&eacute;ologique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to neology; employing new words; of the nature of, or
containing, new words or new doctrines.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A genteel <i>neological</i> dictionary.</blockquote>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*log"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
neological manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ol"o*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;ologisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The introduction
of new words, or the use of old words in a new sense.</def>  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A new word, phrase, or
expression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A new doctrine; specifically,
rationalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;ologiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who introduces
new words or new senses of old words into a language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An innovator in any doctrine or system of
belief, especially in theology; one who introduces or holds doctrines
subversive of supernatural or revealed religion; a rationalist, so-
called.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ne*ol`o*gis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Ne*ol`o*gis"tic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to neology;
neological.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ol`o*gi*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of neologizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ol"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To introduce or use new words or terms or new
uses of old words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To introduce innovations in doctrine, esp.
in theological doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i> + <i>-
logy</i>: cf. F. <i>n&eacute;ologie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
introduction of a new word, or of words or significations, into a
language; as, the present nomenclature of chemistry is a remarkable
instance of <i>neology</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A new doctrine; esp. <i>(Theol.)</i>, a
doctrine at variance with the received interpretation of revealed
truth; a new method of theological interpretation;
rationalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne`o*me"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; new + <grk>mh`n</grk> month.] <def>The time of the new moon;
the beginning of the month in the lunar calendar.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne`o*me*noi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. <i>Neomenia</i>, a representative genus (See <u>Neomenia</u>) +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of vermiform
gastropod mollusks, without a shell, belonging to the
Isopleura.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"o*morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i> + Gr.
&?; form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A structure, part, or organ developed
independently, that is, not derived from a similar structure, part,
or organ, in a preexisting form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"o*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Neologism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*no"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i> +
Gr. &?; law.] <def>One who advocates adheres to new laws; esp. one
who holds or believes that the gospel is a new law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*no"mi*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Neonomians, or in accordance with their doctrines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*no"mi*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrines or belief of the neonomians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"o*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>neophytis</i>, Gr. &?;, prop., newly planted; &?; new + &?; grown,
&?; that which has grown, a plant, fr. &?; to grow: cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;ophyte</i>. See <u>New</u>, and <u>Be</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A new convert or proselyte; -- a name given
by the early Christians, and still given by the Roman Catholics, to
such as have recently embraced the Christian faith, and been admitted
to baptism, esp. to converts from heathenism or Judaism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A novice; a tyro; a beginner in
anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne`o*pla"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; new + &?; to form, mold.] <i>(Physiol. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>Growth or
development of new material; neoplasty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"o*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Neoplasia</u>.] <i>(Physiol. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>A new formation or
tissue, the product of morbid action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. &
Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to neoplasty, or neoplasia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"o*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Neoplasia</u>.] <i>(Physiol. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>Restoration of a
part by granulation, adhesive inflammation, or autoplasty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*pla"ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, Neoplatonism or the
Neoplatonists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*pla`to*ni"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Neoplatonist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*pla"to*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i> +
<i>Platonism</i>.] <def>A pantheistic eclectic school of philosophy,
of which Plotinus was the chief (<u>A. D.</u> 205-270), and which
sought to reconcile the Platonic and Aristotelian systems with
Oriental theosophy. It tended to mysticism and theurgy, and was the
last product of Greek philosophy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*pla"to*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
held to Neoplatonism; a member of the Neoplatonic school.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*ra"ma</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; temple
+ &?; a view.] <def>A panorama of the interior of a building, seen
from within.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*os"sine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>neossia`</grk> a bird's nest.] <def>The substance constituting
the edible bird's nest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`os*sol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a young
bird + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The study of young
birds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ne`o*ter"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ne`o*ter"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>neotericus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, compar.
of &?; young, new.] <def>Recent in origin; modern; new.</def> "Our
<i>neoteric</i> verbs."  <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some being ancient, others
<i>neoterical</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*ter"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of modern
times; a modern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neo`ter"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Recently; newly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ot"er*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
innovation] <def>An innovation or novelty; a neoteric word or
phrase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ot"er*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One ho introduces
new word&?; or phrases.</def>  <i>Fitzed Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*ot"er*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Neoterized</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Neoterized</u>.] [Gr. &?; to innovate.] <def>To innovate; to coin
or introduce new words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Freely as we of the nineteenth century
<i>neoterize</i>.</blockquote> <i>fized. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*trop"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i> +
<i>tropical</i>.] <i>(Geog. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to, or
designating, a region of the earth's surface which comprises most of
South America, the Antilles, and tropical North America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Neo-</i> + Gr.
&?; life.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>More recent than the Paleozoic, --
that is, including the Mesozoic and Cenozoic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nep</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>Nepeta</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Catnip.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne"pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nepa</i>
scorpion.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of aquatic hemipterous
insects. The species feed upon other insects and are noted for their
voracity; -- called also <i>scorpion bug</i> and <i>water
scorpion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nep`au*lese"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Nepaul, a kingdom in Northern Hindostan.</def> --
<pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>A native or natives of
Nepaul.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*pen"the</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fr. Gr. &?;
removing all sorrow; hence, an epithet of an Egyptian drug which
lulled sorrow for the day; &?; not + &?; sorrow, grief.] <def>A drug
used by the ancients to give relief from pain and sorrow; -- by some
supposed to have been opium or hasheesh. Hence, anything soothing and
comforting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lulled with the sweet <i>nepenthe</i> of a
court.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Quaff, O quaff this kind <i>nepenthe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*pen"thes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.
See <u>Nepenthe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Same as
<u>Nepenthe</u>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of climbing plants
found in India, Malaya, etc., which have the leaves prolonged into a
kind of stout tendril terminating in a pitcherlike appendage, whence
the plants are often called <i>pitcher plants</i> and <i>monkey-
cups</i>. There are about thirty species, of which the best known is
<i>Nepenthes distillatoria</i>. See <u>Pitcher plant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nep"e*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of labiate plants, including the catnip and ground
ivy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neph"a*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; soberness,
fr. &?; sober, &?; to drink no wine: cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;phalisme</i>.] <def>Total abstinence from spirituous
liquor.</def></p>

<p><! p. 971 !></p>

<p><hw>Neph"a*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;phaliste</i>.] <def>One who advocates or practices
nephalism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Neph"e*line</hw> (?), <hw>Neph"e*lite</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [gr. &?; cloud: cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;ph&eacute;line</i>.  Cf. <u>Nebula</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral occuring at Vesuvius, in glassy hexagonal crystals;
also elsewhere, in grayish or greenish masses having a greasy luster,
as the variety el&aelig;olite. It is a silicate of aluminia, soda,
and potash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neph`e*lo*dom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
cloud + &?; way + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Meteorol.)</i> <def>An
instrument for reckoning the distances or velocities of
clouds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neph`e*lom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
cloud + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring or
registering the amount of cloudiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neph"ew</hw> (n&ebreve;f"&usl;; <i>in England</i>
n&ebreve;v"&usl;; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>neveu</i>,
<i>nevou</i>, <i>nevu</i>, fr. F. <i>neveu</i>, OF. also,
<i>nevou</i>, L. <i>nepos</i>; akin to AS. <i>nefa</i>, D.
<i>neef</i>, G. <i>neffe</i>, OHG. <i>nevo</i>, Icel. <i>nefi</i> a
kinsman, Gr. <grk>ne`podes</grk>, pl., brood, young, Skr.
<i>nep&amacr;t</i> grandson, descendant. &radic;262.  Cf.
<u>Niece</u>, <u>Nepotism</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A grandson or
grandchild, or remoter lineal descendant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But if any widow have children or <i>nephews</i> [Rev.
Ver. <i>grandchildren</i>].</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. v. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If naturalists say true that <i>nephews</i> are often
liker to their grandfathers than to their fathers.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cousin.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The son of a brother or a sister, or of a
brother-in-law or sister-in-law.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Neph"i*lim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>n&ebreve;ph&imacr;l&imacr;m</i>.] <def>Giants.</def>  <i>Gen. vi.
4.  Num. xiii. 33.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neph"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a cloud +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Meteorol.)</i> <def>An instrument for observing
the clouds and their velocity.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ne*phral"gi*a</hw> (?), <hw>Ne*phral"gy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>nephralgia</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a kidney +
&?; pain: cf. F. <i>n&eacute;phralgie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Neuralgia of the kidneys; a disease characterized by pain in the
region of the kidneys without any structural lesion of the
latter.</def>  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*phrid"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l. &
Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a nephridium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne*phrid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nephridia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; of the
<i>kidneys</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l. &amp; Anat.)</i> <def>A segmental tubule;
one of the tubules of the primitive urinogenital organs; a segmental
organ. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Loeven's larva</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neph"rite</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;phrite</i>. See <u>Nephritis</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
hard compact mineral, of a dark green color, formerly worn as a
remedy for diseases of the kidneys, whence its name; kidney stone; a
kind of jade. See <u>Jade</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ne*phrit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ne*phrit"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nephriticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>n&eacute;phr&eacute;tique</i>. See <u>Nephritis</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the kidneys or urinary
organs; renal; as, a <i>nephritic</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Affected
with a disease of the kidneys; as, a <i>nephritic</i> patient.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Relieving disorders of the kidneys;
affecting the kidneys; as, a <i>nephritic</i> medicine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nephritic stone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>nephrite;
jade. See <u>Nephrite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ne*phrit"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine adapted to relieve or cure disease of the kidneys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*phri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
(sc. &?;), fr. &?; a kidney.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inflammation of
the kidneys.</def></p>

<p><hw>neph`ro*lith"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
kidney + <i>-lith + ic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
gravel, or renal calculi.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne*phrol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a kidney
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A treatise on, or the science which treats of,
the kidneys, and their structure and functions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neph"ro*stome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a kidney
+ mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l. &amp; Anat.)</i> <def>The funnel-shaped opening
of a nephridium into the body cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*phrot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a kidney
+ &?; to cut: cf. F. <i>n&eacute;phrotomie</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>Extraction of stone from the kidney by cutting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nep"o*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to a nephew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*pot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>nepotism</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to nepotism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>nepotic</i> ambition of the ruling
pontiff.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nep"o*tism</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nepus</i>, <i>nepotus</i>, nephew: cf. F. <i>n&eacute;potisme</i>.
See <u>Nephew</u>.] <def>Undue attachment to relations; favoritism
shown to members of one's family; bestowal of patronage in
consideration of relationship, rather than of merit or of legal
claim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>nepotism</i> Alexander V. was safe; for he was
without kindred or relatives. But there was another perhaps more
fatal <i>nepotism</i>, which turned the tide of popularity against
him -- the <i>nepotism</i> of his order.</blockquote>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nep"o*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices nepotism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nep"tune</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Neptunus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Myth.)</i> <def>The son of Saturn and
Ops, the god of the waters, especially of the sea.  He is represented
as bearing a trident for a scepter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The remotest known planet
of our system, discovered -- as a result of the computations of
Leverrier, of Paris -- by Galle, of Berlin, September 23, 1846. Its
mean distance from the sun is about 2,775,000,000 miles, and its
period of revolution is about 164,78 years.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Neptune powder</b></col>, <cd>an explosive containing
nitroglycerin, -- used in blasting.</cd> -- <col><b>Neptune's
cup</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very large, cup-shaped,
marine sponge (<i>Thalassema Neptuni</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nep*tu"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Neptunius</i> belonging to Neptune: cf. F. <i>neptunien</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the ocean or
sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Formed by water or aqueous
solution; as, <i>Neptunian</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Neptunian races</b></col> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>, <cd>the Malay
and Polynesian races.</cd> -- <col><b>Neptunian theory</b></col>
<i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the theory of Werner, which referred the
formation of all rocks and strata to the agency of water; -- opposed
to the <i>Plutonic</i> theory.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nep*tu"ni*an</hw> (?), <hw>Nep"tu*nist</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>neptinien</i>, <i>neptuniste</i>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>One who adopts the Neptunian theory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nep*tu`ni*cen"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Neptune</i> + <i>centric</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>As seen from
Neptune, or having Neptune as a center; as, <i>Neptunicentric</i>
longitude or force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nep*tu"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A new
metallic element, of doubtful genuineness and uncertain
identification, said to exist in certain minerals, as
columbite.</def>  <i>Hermann.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Nearer.</def>
[Obs.] See <u>Nerre</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Nere</hw> (?). [Contr. fr. <i>ne were</i>.] <def>Were
not.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne"re*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Nereids</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Nereides</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>Nereis</i>, <i>-idis</i>, Gr. <grk>Nhrei:`s</grk>
<grk>Nhrhi:`s</grk>, <grk>i:`dos</grk>, a daughter of Nereus, a nymph
of the sea, fr. <grk>Nhrey`s</grk> Nereus, an ancient sea god; akin
to <grk>nhro`s</grk> wet, Skr. <i>n&amacr;ra</i> water, cf. Gr.
<grk>na`ein</grk> to flow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i>
<def>A sea nymph, one of the daughters of Nereus, who were attendants
upon Neptune, and were represented as riding on sea horses, sometimes
with the human form entire, and sometimes with the tail of a
fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of Nereis.
The word is sometimes used for similar annelids of other
families.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`re*id"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any annelid resembling Nereis, or of the
family <i>Lycorid&aelig;</i> or allied families.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne"re*is</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nereides</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class.
Myth.)</i> <def>A Nereid. See <u>Nereid</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus, including
numerous species, of marine ch&aelig;topod annelids, having a well-
formed head, with two pairs of eyes, antenn&aelig;, four pairs of
tentacles, and a protrusile pharynx, armed with a pair of hooked
jaws.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Ne"re*ites</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>Fossil tracks of annelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne`re*o*cys"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Nereid</u>, and <u>Cyst</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
gigantic seaweeds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Nereocystis Lutkeana</i>, of the North Pacific, has a
stem many fathoms long, terminating in a great vesicle, which is
crowned with a tuft of long leaves. The stem is used by the Alaskans
for fishing lines.</p>

<p><hw>Nerf"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The id.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne*ri"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a sort of sea
mussel, Gr. &?;, &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine
gastropods, mostly natives of warm climates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ner"ite</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any mollusk of the genus Nerita.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ner`i*ti"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus including numerous species of shells
resembling Nerita in form. They mostly inhabit brackish water, and
are often delicately tinted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Roman emperor
notorious for debauchery and barbarous cruelty; hence, any profligate
and cruel ruler or merciless tyrant.</def> -- <wf>Ne*ro"ni*an</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ner"o*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>n&eacute;roli</i>, said to be from the name of an Italian
princess.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An essential oil obtained by
distillation from the flowers of the orange. It has a strong odor,
and is used in perfumery, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Neroli camphor</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white
crystalline waxy substance, tasteless and odorless, obtained from
beroli oil; -- called also <i>auradin</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ner"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Near</u>.] <def>Nearer.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>neer</i>,
<i>ner</i>.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Never the neer</b></col>, <cd>never the nearer; no
nearer.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nerv"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Nerved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ner*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
arrangement of nerves and veins, especially those of leaves;
neuration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The outlines of the fronds of ferns, and their
<i>nervation</i>, are frail characters if employed alone for the
determination of existing genera.</blockquote> <i>J. D.
Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nerve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nerfe</i>, F.
<i>nerf</i>, L. <i>nervus</i>, akin to Gr. &?; sinew, nerve; cf. &?;
string, bowstring; perh. akin to E. <i>needle</i>.  Cf.
<u>Neuralgia</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the
whitish and elastic bundles of fibers, with the accompanying tissues,
which transmit nervous impulses between nerve centers and various
parts of the animal body.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An ordinary nerve is made up of several bundles of nerve
fibers, each bundle inclosed in a special sheath (the
<i>perineurium</i>) and all bound together in a connective tissue
sheath and framework (the <i>epineurium</i>) containing blood vessels
and lymphatics.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sinew or a tendon.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Physical force or steadiness; muscular
power and control; constitutional vigor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>he led me on to mightiest deeds,<BR>
Above the <i>nerve</i> of mortal arm.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Steadiness and firmness of mind; self-
command in personal danger, or under suffering; unshaken courage and
endurance; coolness; pluck; resolution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Audacity; assurance.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the principal
fibrovascular bundles or ribs of a leaf, especially when these extend
straight from the base or the midrib of the leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the nervures,
or veins, in the wings of insects.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nerve cell</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the
nucleated cells with which nerve fibers are connected; a ganglion
cell.</cd> -- <col><b>Nerve fiber</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one
of the fibers of which nerves are made up. These fibers are either
<i>medullated</i> or <i>nonmedullated</i>. in both kinds the
essential part is the translucent threadlike <i>axis cylinder</i>
which is continuous the whole length of the fiber.</cd> --
<col><b>Nerve stretching</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the operation
of stretching a nerve in order to remedy diseases such as tetanus,
which are supposed to be influenced by the condition of the nerve or
its connections.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nerve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nerved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nerving</u>.] <def>To give strength or vigor to; to supply with
force; as, fear <i>nerved</i> his arm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nerved</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having nerves of a special character; as, weak-
<i>nerved</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having nerves, or simple and
parallel ribs or veins.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nerve"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of nerves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of strength or of courage;
wanting vigor; weak; powerless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A kingless people for a <i>nerveless</i>
state.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Awaking, all <i>nerveless</i>, from an ugly
dream.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nerve"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being nerveless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nerve"-shak`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected by
a tremor, or by a nervous disease; weakened; overcome by some violent
influence or sensation; shocked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ner`vi*mo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nerve</i> +
<i>motion</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The movement caused in the
sensory organs by external agents and transmitted to the muscles by
the nerves.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ner`vi*mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nerve</i> +
<i>motor</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Any agent capable of causing
nervimotion.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nerv"ine</hw> (?; 277) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nervinus</i> made of sinews: cf.F. <i>nervin</i>. See
<u>Nerve</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having the quality of acting upon
or affecting the nerves; quieting nervous excitement.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nervine agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ner`vo*mus"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Nerve</i>
+ <i>muscular</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to both
nerves and muscles; of the nature of nerves and muscles; as,
<i>nervomuscular</i> energy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ner*vose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Nervous</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Nerved</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ner*vos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nervositas</i> strength.] <def>Nervousness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Nerv"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nervosus</i>
sinewy, vigorous: cf. F. <i>nerveux</i>. See <u>Nerve</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>possessing nerve; sinewy; strong;
vigorous.</def> "<i>Nervous</i> arms."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessing or manifesting vigor of mind;
characterized by strength in sentiment or style; forcible; spirited;
as, a <i>nervous</i> writer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the nerves; seated in
the nerves; as, <i>nervous</i> excitement; a <i>nervous</i>
fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having the nerves weak, diseased, or
easily excited; subject to, or suffering from, undue excitement of
the nerves; easily agitated or annoyed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Poor, weak, <i>nervous</i> creatures.</blockquote>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Sensitive; excitable; timid.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Our aristocratic class does not firmly protest against
the unfair treatment of Irish Catholics, because it is <i>nervous</i>
about the land.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Nervous fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a low form of
fever characterized by great disturbance of the nervous system, as
evinced by delirium, or stupor, disordered sensibility, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Nervous system</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the specialized
co&ouml;rdinating apparatus which endows animals with sensation and
volition. In vertebrates it is often divided into three systems: the
<i>central</i>, brain and spinal cord; the <i>peripheral</i>, cranial
and spinal nerves; and the <i>sympathetic</i>. See <u>Brain</u>,
<u>Nerve</u>, <i>Spinal cord</i>, under <u>Spinal</u>, and
<i>Sympathetic system</i>, under <u>Sympathetic</u>, and
<i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</cd> -- <col><b>Nervous
temperament</b></col>, <cd>a condition of body characterized by a
general predominance of mental manifestations.</cd>
<i>Mayne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nerv"ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a nervous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nerv"ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or quality
of being nervous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nerv"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Nerve</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the nerves of
leaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the chitinous
supports, or veins, in the wings of incests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nerv"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Nervier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl. -
</i></pos> <u>iest</u>.] <def>Strong; sinewy.</def> "His <i>nervy</i>
knees."  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nes"cience</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nescientia</i>, fr. <i>nesciens</i>, p. pr. of <i>nescire</i> not
to know; <i>ne</i> not + <i>scire</i> to know.] <def>Want of
knowledge; ignorance; agnosticism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God fetched it about for me, in that absence and
<i>nescience</i> of mine.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nese</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Nose.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Piers plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nesh</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hnesc</i>,
<i>hn&aelig;sc</i>, akin to Goth. <i>hnasqus</i>.] <def>Soft; tender;
delicate.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>n&aelig;s</i>,
<i>ns</i>; akin to Icel. <i>nes</i>, Sw. <i>n&auml;s</i>, Dan.
<i>n&aelig;s</i>, and E. <i>nose</i>. &radic; 261. See <u>Nose</u>.]
<def>A promontory; a cape; a headland.</def>  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ness</i> is frequently used as a suffix in the names of
places and promontories; as, Sheer<i>ness</i>.</p>

<p><hw>-ness</hw> (&?;). [AS. <i>-ness</i>, <i>-nyss</i>, <i>-
nys</i>; akin to OS. <i>-nissi</i>, <i>nussi</i>, D. <i>-nis</i>,
OHG. <i>-nissa</i>, <i>-nass&imacr;</i>, <i>-nuss&imacr;</i>, G. <i>-
nis</i>, <i>-niss</i>, Goth. <i>-inasus</i>.] <def>A suffix used to
form abstract nouns expressive of <i>quality</i> or <i>state</i>; as,
good<i>ness</i>, great<i>ness</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ness"ler*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From
<i>Nessler</i>, the chemist.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To treat or test,
as a liquid, with a solution of mercuric iodide in potassium iodide
and potassium hydroxide, which is called <i>Nessler's solution</i> or
<i>Nessler's test</i>, and is used to detect the presence of
ammonia.</def></p>

<p><! p. 972 !></p>

<p><hw>Nest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>nest</i>; akin to
D. &amp; G. <i>nest</i>, Sw. <i>n&auml;ste</i>, L. <i>nidus</i>, for
<i>nisdus</i>, Skr. <i>n&imacr;&?;a</i> resting place, nest; cf.
Lith. <i>lizdas</i>, Arm. <i>neiz</i>, Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>nead</i>. Prob.
from the particle <i>ni</i> down, Skr. <i>ni</i> + the root of E.
<i>sit</i>, and thus orig., a place to sit down in. &radic; 264. See
<u>Nether</u>, and <u>Sit</u>, and cf. <u>Eyas</u>,
<u>Nidification</u>, <u>Nye</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The bed or
receptacle prepared by a fowl for holding her eggs and for hatching
and rearing her young.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The birds of the air have nests.</blockquote> <i>Matt.
viii. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: the place in which the eggs of
other animals, as insects, turtles, etc., are laid and hatched; a
snug place in which young animals are reared.</def>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A snug, comfortable, or cozy residence or
situation; a retreat, or place of habitual resort; hence, those who
occupy a nest, frequent a haunt, or are associated in the same
pursuit; as, a <i>nest</i> of traitors; a <i>nest</i> of
bugs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A little cottage, like some poor man's
<i>nest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An aggregated mass of any
ore or mineral, in an isolated state, within a rock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A collection of boxes, cases, or the like,
of graduated size, each put within the one next larger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A compact group of pulleys,
gears, springs, etc., working together or collectively.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nest egg</b></col>, <cd>an egg left in the nest to prevent
the hen from forsaking it, and to induce her to lay more in the same
place; hence, figuratively, something laid up as the beginning of a
fund or collection.</cd>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nest</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To build and
occupy a nest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king of birds <i>nested</i> within his
leaves.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nest</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put into a nest; to
form a nest for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From him who <i>nested</i> himself into the chief
power.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nest"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nestfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much or many as will fill a
nest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nes"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nestled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nestling</u> (?).] [AS. <i>nestlian</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make and occupy a nest; to nest.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The kingfisher . . . <i>nestles</i> in hollow
banks.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lie close and snug, as a bird in her
nest; to cuddle up; to settle, as in a nest; to harbor; to take
shelter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their purpose was to fortify in some strong place of
the wild country, and there <i>nestle</i> till succors
came.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move about in one's place, like a bird
when shaping the interior of her nest or a young bird getting close
to the parent; as, a child <i>nestles</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nes"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To house, as in a
nest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cherish, as a bird her young.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nes"tling</hw> (?). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A young bird which has not abandoned the nest.</def>  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A nest; a receptacle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nes"tling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Newly hatched; being
yet in the nest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nes"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of parrots with gray heads. of New Zeland and papua,
allied to the cockatoos. See <u>Kaka</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nes*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>An adherent of <i>Nestorius</i>, patriarch of
Constantinople in the fifth century, who has condemned as a heretic
for maintaining that the divine and the human natures were not merged
into one nature in Christ (who was God in man), and, hence, that it
was improper to call Mary the <i>mother of God</i> though she might
be called the <i>mother of Christ</i>; also, one of the sect
established by the followers of Nestorius in Persia, India, and other
Oriental countries, and still in existence.  Opposed to
<i>Eutychian</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nes*to"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or relating to the Nestorians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or resembling, <i>Nestor</i>,
the aged warrior and counselor mentioned by Homer; hence, wise;
experienced; aged; as, <i>Nestorian</i> caution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nes*to"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrines of the Nestorian Christians, or of Nestorius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Net</hw> (n&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>net</i>;
akin to D. <i>net</i>, OS. <i>net</i>, <i>netti</i>, OHG.
<i>nezzi</i>, G. <i>netz</i>, Icel. &amp; Dan. <i>net</i>, Sw.
<i>n&auml;t</i>, Goth. <i>nati</i>; of uncertain origin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fabric of twine, thread, or the like,
wrought or woven into meshes, and used for catching fish, birds,
butterflies, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything designed or fitted to entrap or
catch; a snare; any device for catching and holding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man that flattereth his neighbor spreadeth a
<i>net</i> for his feet.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxix. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the church's <i>net</i> there are fishes good or
bad.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything wrought or woven in meshes; as, a
<i>net</i> for the hair; a mosquito <i>net</i>; a tennis
<i>net</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A figure made up of a large
number of straight lines or curves, which are connected at certain
points and related to each other by some specified law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Net</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Netted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Netting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make into a net; to make
in the style of network; as, to <i>net</i> silk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take in a net; to capture by stratagem
or wile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And now I am here, <i>netted</i> and in the
toils.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To inclose or cover with a net; as, to
<i>net</i> a tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Net</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form network or
netting; to knit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Net</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Neat</u> clean.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without spot; pure; shining.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her breast all naked as <i>net</i> ivory.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from extraneous substances; pure;
unadulterated; neat; as, <i>net</i> wine, etc.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not including superfluous, incidental, or
foreign matter, as boxes, coverings, wraps, etc.; free from charges,
deductions, etc; as, <i>net</i> profit; <i>net</i> income; <i>net</i>
weight, etc.</def> [Less properly written <i>nett</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Net tonnage</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the tonnage of a
vessel after a deduction from the gross tonnage has been made, to
allow space for crew, machinery, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Net</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Netted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Netting</u>.] <def>To produce or gain as clear profit; as, he
<i>netted</i> a thousand dollars by the operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Net"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An astrophyton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neth"er</hw> (n&ebreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nethere</i>, <i>neithere</i>, AS.
<i>ni&eth;era</i>, fr. the adv. <i>ni&eth;er</i> downward; akin to
<i>neo&eth;an</i> below, beneath, D. <i>neder</i> down, G.
<i>nieder</i>, Sw. <i>nedre</i> below, nether, a. &amp; adv., and also to
Skr. <i>ni</i> down. &radic;201.  Cf. <u>Beneath</u>.] <def>Situated
down or below; lying beneath, or in the lower part; having a lower
position; belonging to the region below; lower; under; -- opposed to
<i>upper</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'Twixt upper, <i>nether</i>, and surrounding
fires.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This darksome <i>nether</i> world her light<BR>
Doth dim with horror and deformity.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All my <i>nether</i> shape thus grew
transformed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neth"er*more`</hw> (n&ebreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r*m&omacr;r`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lower, nether.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neth"er*most`</hw> (-m&omacr;st`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ni&eth;emest</i>. See <u>Nether</u>, and cf. <u>Aftermost</u>.]
<def>Lowest; as, the <i>nethermost</i> abyss.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Neth"i*nim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Heb., pl. of
<i>n&amacr;th&imacr;n</i> given, granted, a slave of the temple, fr.
<i>n&amacr;than</i> to give.] <i>(jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>Servants of
the priests and Levites in the menial services about the tabernacle
and temple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Net"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Net</i>, a. +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To render neat; to clean; to put in order.</def>
[R.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Net"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Net</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
making nets or network, or of forming meshes, as for fancywork,
fishing nets, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of network; any fabric, made of
cords, threads, wires, or the like, crossing one another with open
spaces between.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A network of ropes used for
various purposes, as for holding the hammocks when not in use, also
for stowing sails, and for hoisting from the gunwale to the rigging
to hinder an enemy from boarding.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Netting needle</b></col>, <cd>a kind of slender shuttle
used in netting. See <u>Needle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Net"ting</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Urine.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Net"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>netele</i>;
akin to D. <i>netel</i>, G. <i>nessel</i>, OHG. <i>nezz&iuml;la</i>,
<i>nazza</i>, Dan. <i>nelde</i>, <i>n&auml;lde</i>, Sw.
<i>n&auml;ssla</i>; cf, Lith. <i>notere</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the genus <i>Urtica</i>, covered with minute sharp hairs
containing a poison that produces a stinging sensation. <i>Urtica
gracitis</i> is common in the Northern, and <i>U.
cham&aelig;dryoides</i> in the Southern, United States. the common
European species, <i>U. urens</i> and <i>U. dioica</i>, are also
found in the Eastern united States. <i>U. pilulifera</i> is the Roman
nettle of England.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term nettle has been given to many plants related to,
or to some way resembling, the true nettle; as: <col><b>Australian
nettle</b></col>, <cd>a stinging tree or shrub of the genus
<i>Laportea</i> (as <i>L. gigas</i> and <i>L. moroides</i>); -- also
called <i>nettle tree</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bee nettle</b></col>,
<col><b>Hemp nettle</b></col>, <cd>a species of
<i>Galeopsis</i>.</cd> See under <u>Hemp</u>. -- <col><b>Blind
nettle</b></col>, <col><b>Dead nettle</b></col>, <cd>a harmless
species of <i>Lamium</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>False nettle</b></col>
<cd>(<i>B&aelig;hmeria cylindrica</i>), a plant common in the United
States, and related to the true nettles.</cd> -- <col><b>Hedge
nettle</b></col>, <cd>a species of <i>Stachys</i>.</cd> See under
<u>Hedge</u>. -- <col><b>Horse nettle</b></col> <cd>(<i>Solanum
Carolinense</i>).</cd> See under <u>Horse</u>. -- <col><b>nettle
tree</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Same as
<u>Hackberry</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>Australian
nettle</i> (above).</cd> -- <col><b>Spurge nettle</b></col>, <cd>a
stinging American herb of the Spurge family (<i>Jatropha
urens</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Wood nettle</b></col>, <cd>a plant
(<i>Laportea Canadensis</i>) which stings severely, and is related to
the true nettles.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Nettle cloth</b></col>, <cd>a kind of thick cotton stuff,
japanned, and used as a substitute for leather for various
purposes.</cd> -- <col><b>Nettle rash</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an
eruptive disease resembling the effects of whipping with
nettles.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea nettle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a medusa.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Net"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nettled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nettling</u> (?).] <def>To fret or sting; to irritate or vex; to
cause to experience sensations of displeasure or uneasiness not
amounting to violent anger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The princes were so <i>nettled</i> at the scandal of
this affront, that every man took it to himself.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Net"tle*bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>the European whitethroat.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Net"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
nettles.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Net"tles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Knittle</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The halves
of yarns in the unlaid end of a rope twisted for pointing or
grafting.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Small lines used to sling
hammocks under the deck beams.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Reef
points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Net"tling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Rope Making)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A process (resembling splicing) by which two
ropes are joined end to end so as to form one rope.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The process of tying together the ends of
yarns in pairs, to prevent tangling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Net"tling</hw>, <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Stinging;
irritating.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nettling cell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a lasso
cell. See under <u>Lasso</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Net"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a net, or
network; netted.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Net"-veined`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having veins,
or nerves, reticulated or netted; as, a <i>net-veined</i> wing or
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Net"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fabric of threads, cords, or wires crossing each other at
certain intervals, and knotted or secured at the crossings, thus
leaving spaces or meshes between them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any system of lines or channels
interlacing or crossing like the fabric of a net; as, a
<i>network</i> of veins; a <i>network</i> of railroads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu"rad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; nerve + L.
<i>ad</i> to.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Toward the neural side; -- opposed
to <i>h&aelig;mad</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; nerve.]
<i>(Anat. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>relating to the nerves or nervous
system; taining to, situated in the region of, or on the side with,
the neural, or cerebro-spinal, axis; -- opposed to <i>hemal</i>. As
applied to vertebrates, <i>neural</i> is the same as <i>dorsal</i>;
as applied to invertebrates it is usually the same as <i>ventral</i>.
Cf. <u>Hemal</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Neural arch</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
cartilaginous or bony arch on the dorsal side of the centrum of the
vertebra in a segment of the spinal skeleton, usually inclosing a
segment of the spinal cord.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Neu*ral"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
nerve + &?; pain. See <u>nerve</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease,
the chief symptom of which is a very acute pain, exacerbating or
intermitting, which follows the course of a nervous branch, extends
to its ramifications, and seems therefore to be seated in the nerve.
It seems to be independent of any structural lesion.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neu*ral"gic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to, or having the character of, neuralgia; as, a
<i>neuralgic</i> headache.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*ral"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Neuralgia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rap`o*phys"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a neurapophysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Neu`ra*poph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Neurapophyses</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Neuro-</u>, and
<u>Apophysis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the
two lateral processes or elements which form the neural arch.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The dorsal process of the neural arch;
neural spine; spinous process.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Neu*ras`the*ni"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; nerve + &?; weakness.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition of
nervous debility supposed to be dependent upon impairment in the
functions of the spinal cord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The arrangement or distribution of nerves, as in the leaves of a
plant or the wings of an insect; nervation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-</i> +
<i>axis</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <i>Axis cylinder</i>, under
<u>Axis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu`ren*ter"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-</i> +
<i>enteric</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to both the
neuron and the enteron; as, the <i>neurenteric</i> canal, which, in
embroys of many vertebrates, connects the medullary tube and the
primitive intestine. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ectoderm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu"ri*din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Neurine</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>a nontoxic base,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>14</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, found in the putrescent
matters of flesh, fish, decaying cheese, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Neu`ri*lem"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; nerve + &?; peel, skin.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The delicate outer sheath of a nerve fiber; the primitive
sheath.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The perineurium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*ril"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; nerve.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The special properties and functions of the
nerves; that capacity for transmitting a stimulus which belongs to
nerves.</def>  <i>G. H. Lewes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neu"rine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
nerve.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A poisonous organic base (a
ptomaine) formed in the decomposition of protagon with boiling baryta
water, and in the putrefaction of proteid matter. It was for a long
time considered identical with choline, a crystalline body originally
obtained from bile. Chemically, however, choline is oxyethyl-
trimethyl-ammonium hydroxide, while neurine is vinyl-trimethyl-
ammonium hydroxide.</def> [Written also <i>neurin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Neu"rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; nerve.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Nerve force. See <i>Vital force</i>, under
<u>Vital</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Neu*ri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
nerve + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of a
nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu"ro-</hw> (&?;). [Gr. <grk>ney^ron</grk> nerve.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A combining denoting <i>a nerve</i>, <i>of or
pertaining to a nerve or the nervous system</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu`ro-cen"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-</i>
+ <i>central</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Between the neural arch and
the centrum of a vertebra; as, the <i>neurocentral</i> suture.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neu"ro*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Neu`ro*chor"dal</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Neurocord</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*roc"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Nerve force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu"ro*c&oelig;le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-
</i> + Gr. <grk>koi^los</grk> a hollow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
central canal and ventricles of the spinal cord and brain; the
myelencephalic cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu"ro*cord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-</i> +
<i>cord</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cordlike organ composed of
elastic fibers situated above the ventral nervous cord of annelids,
like the earthworm.</def> -- <wf>Neu`ro*cor"dal</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Neu`ro-ep`i*der"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-
</i> + <i>epidermal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
giving rise to, the central nervous system and epidermis; as, the
<i>neuroepidermal</i>, or epiblastic, layer of the
blastoderm.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Neu*rog"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>ney^ron</grk> ligament + &?; glue.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
delicate connective tissue framework which supports the nervous
matter and blood vessels of the brain and spinal cord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A description of the
nerves.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neu`ro*ker"a*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-</i>
+ <i>keratin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A substance,
resembling keratin, present in nerve tissue, as in the sheath of the
axis cylinder of medullated nerve fibers. Like keratin it resists the
action of most chemical agents, and by decomposition with sulphuric
acid yields leucin and tyrosin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu`ro*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to neurology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in neurology; also, one skilled in the treatment of nervous
diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The branch of science which treats of the nervous
system.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Neu*ro"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Neuro-
</u>, and <u>-oma</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor developed on, or
connected with, a nerve, esp. one consisting of new-formed nerve
fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu"ro*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-</i> +
<i>-mere</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A metameric segment of the
cerebro-spinal nervous system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu`ro*mus"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-
</i> + <i>muscular</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Nervomuscular.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Neu"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Neura</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. <grk>ney^ron</grk>
nerve.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The brain and spinal cord; the cerebro-
spinal axis; myelencephalon.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neu`ro*path"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to neuropathy; of the nature of, or suffering from,
nervous disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rop"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, to suffer.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An affection of the
nervous system or of a nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu"ro*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-</i> +
<i>-pod</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A neuropodous animal.</def>
<i>G. Rolleston.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Neu`ro*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; a nerve + &?;, dim. of &?;, &?;, the foot.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ventral lobe or branch of a
parapodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rop"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-</i> +
<i>-pod</i> + <i>-ous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the limbs
on, or directed toward, the neural side, as in most invertebrates; --
opposed to <i>h&aelig;mapodous</i>.</def>  <i>G. Rolleston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neu"ro*pore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-</i> +
<i>pore</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An opening at either end of the
embryonic neural canal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rop"ter</hw> (n&usl;*r&obreve;p"t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Neuroptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Neu*rop"te*ra</hw> (-t&esl;*r&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ney^ron</grk> nerve +
<grk>ptero`n</grk> a wing, fr. <grk>pte`sqai</grk> to fly.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of hexapod insects having two pairs
of large, membranous, net-veined wings. The mouth organs are adapted
for chewing. They feed upon other insects, and undergo a complete
metamorphosis. The ant-lion, hellgamite, and lacewing fly are
examples. Formerly, the name was given to a much more extensive
group, including the true Neuroptera and the
Pseudoneuroptera.</def></p>

<p><! p. 973 !></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rop"ter*al</hw> (n&usl;*r&obreve;p"t&etilde;r*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Neuroptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rop"ter*an</hw> (-<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A neuropter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Neu*rop"te*ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a nerve + &?; a kind of fern.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extensive
genus of fossil ferns, of which species have been found from the
Devonian to the Triassic formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rop"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Neuropteral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu`ro*sen*sif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>neuro-</i> + <i>sensiferous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or forming, both nerves and sense
organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Neu*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<i>Neuroses</i> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; nerve.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
functional nervous affection or disease, that is, a disease of the
nerves without any appreciable change of nerve structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu`ro*skel"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the neuroskeleton.</def> [R.]  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neu`ro*skel"e*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-
</i> + <i>skeleton</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The deep-seated parts of
the vertebrate skeleton which are in relation with the nervous axis
and locomotion.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neu"ro*spast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>neurospaston</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; drawn by strings.] <def>A
puppet.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; nerve.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the nerves; seated in the
nerves; nervous; as, a <i>neurotic</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Useful in disorders of, or affecting, the
nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rot"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A disease seated in the nerves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any toxic agent whose action
is mainly directed to the great nerve centers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Neurotic</i> as a class include all those poisons whose
mains action is upon the brain and spinal cord. They may be divided
three orders: (<i>a</i>) <i>Cerebral neurotics</i>, or those which
affect the brain only. (<i>b</i>) <i>Spinal neurotics</i>, or
<i>tetanics</i>, those which affect the spinal cord. (<i>c</i>)
<i>Cerebro-spinal neurotics</i>, or those which affect both brain and
spinal cord.</p>

<p><hw>Neu"ro*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Neurotomy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for cutting
or dissecting nerves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A neuromere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu`ro*tom"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to neurotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rot"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
skilled in or practices neurotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu*rot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Neuro-</i> +
Gr. &?; to cut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The dissection, or anatomy,
of the nervous system.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The division of a nerve, for
the relief of neuralgia, or for other purposes.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Neu"ru*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of Gr.
&?; a nerve.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An embryo or certain
invertebrates in the stage when the primitive band is first
developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>ne</i> not
+ <i>uter</i> whether; akin to E. <i>whether</i>. See <u>No</u>, and
<u>Whether</u>, and cf. <u>Neither</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Neither the one thing nor the other; on neither side; impartial;
neutral.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>In all our undertakings God will be either our friend
or our enemy; for Providence never stands <i>neuter</i>.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having
a form belonging more especially to words which are not appellations
of males or females; expressing or designating that which is of
neither sex; as, a <i>neuter</i> noun; a <i>neuter</i> termination;
the <i>neuter</i> gender.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Intransitive; as, a <i>neuter</i> verb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having no generative
organs, or imperfectly developed ones; sexless. See <u>Neuter</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
person who takes no part in a contest; one who is either indifferent
to a cause or forbears to interfere; a neutral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world's no <i>neuter</i>; it will wound or
save.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A noun
of the neuter gender; any one of those words which have the
terminations usually found in neuter words.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An intransitive verb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An organism, either
vegetable or animal, which at its maturity has no generative organs,
or but imperfectly developed ones, as a plant without stamens or
pistils, as the garden Hydrangea; esp., one of the imperfectly
developed females of certain social insects, as of the ant and the
common honeybee, which perform the labors of the community, and are
called <i>workers</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>neutralis</i>,
fr. <i>neuter</i>. See <u>Neuter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
engaged on either side; not taking part with or assisting either of
two or more contending parties; neuter; indifferent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heart can not possibly remain <i>neutral</i>, but
constantly takes part one way or the other.</blockquote>
<i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Neither good nor bad; of medium quality;
middling; not decided or pronounced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some things good, and some things ill, do seem,<BR>
And <i>neutral</i> some, in her fantastic eye.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Neuter. See <u>Neuter</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having neither acid nor
basic properties; unable to turn red litmus blue or blue litmus red;
-- said of certain salts or other compounds. Contrasted with
<i>acid</i>, and <i>alkaline</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Neutral axis</b></col>, <col><b>Neutral surface</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>that line or plane, in a beam under transverse
pressure, at which the fibers are neither stretched nor compressed,
or where the longitudinal stress is zero. See <u>Axis</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Neutral equilibrium</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the kind of
equilibrium of a body so placed that when moved slighty it neither
tends to return to its former position not depart more widely from
it, as a perfect sphere or cylinder on a horizontal plane.</cd> --
<col><b>Neutral salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt formed by
the complete replacement of the hydrogen in an acid or base; in the
former case by a positive or basic, in the latter by a negative or
acid, element or radical.</cd> -- <col><b>Neutral tint</b></col>,
<cd>a bluish gray pigment, used in water colors, made by mixing
indigo or other blue some warm color. the shades vary greatly.</cd> -
- <col><b>Neutral vowel</b></col>, <cd>the vowel element having an
obscure and indefinite quality, such as is commonly taken by the
vowel in many unaccented syllables. It is regarded by some as
identical with the &ubreve; in <i>up</i>, and is called also the
<i>natural vowel</i>, as unformed by art and effort. See <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect; 17.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Neu"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person or a
nation that takes no part in a contest between others; one who is
neutral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>neutral</i>, as far as commerce extends,
becomes a party in the war.</blockquote> <i>R. G. Harper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neu"tral*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A neutral; one
who professes or practices neutrality.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neu*tral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>neutralit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or
quality of being neutral; the condition of being unengaged in
contests between others; state of taking no part on either side;
indifference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men who possess a state of <i>neutrality</i> in times
of public danger, desert the interest of their fellow
subjects.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indifference in quality; a state neither
very good nor bad.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The quality or state of
being neutral. See <u>Neutral</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(International Law)</i> <def>The condition
of a nation or government which refrains from taking part, directly
or indirectly, in a war between other powers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Those who are neutral; a combination of
neutral powers or states.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Armed neutrality</b></col>, <cd>the condition of a neutral
power, in time of war, which holds itself ready to resist by force
any aggression of either belligerent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Neu`tral*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>neutralisation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
neutralizing, or the state of being neutralized.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process by which
an acid and a base are combined in such proportions that the
resulting compound is neutral. See <u>Neutral</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu"tral*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Neutralized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Neutralizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>neutraliser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render neutral; to reduce to a state of
neutrality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So here I am <i>neutralized</i> again.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To render inert or
imperceptible the peculiar affinities of, as a chemical substance; to
destroy the effect of; as, to <i>neutralize</i> an acid with a
base.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the peculiar properties or
opposite dispositions of; to reduce to a state of indifference or
inefficiency; to counteract; as, to <i>neutralize</i> parties in
government; to <i>neutralize</i> efforts, opposition, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Counter citations that <i>neutralize</i> each
other.</blockquote> <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Neu"tral*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, neutralizes; that which destroys, disguises, or renders
inert the peculiar properties of a body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neu"tral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a neutral
manner; without taking part with either side;
indifferently.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Neu`vaines"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>neuvaine</i>, fr. LL. <i>novena</i>, fr. L. <i>novem</i>. See
<u>Noon</u>.] <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>Prayers offered up for nine
successive days.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*va"dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
granitoid variety of rhyolite, common in Nevada.</def></p>

<p><hw>||N&eacute;`v&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
&?; <i>nix</i>, <i>nivis</i>, snow.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The upper
part of a glacier, above the limit of perpetual snow. See
<u>Glacier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nev"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>nefna</i>.
&radic; 267.] <def>To name; to mention; to utter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As oft I heard my lord them <i>neven</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>n&?;fre</i>;
<i>ne</i> not, no + <i>&?;fre</i> ever.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
ever; not at any time; at no time, whether past, present, or
future.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Death still draws nearer, <i>never</i> seeming
near.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In no degree; not in the least;
not.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever has a friend to guide him, may carry his
eyes in another man's head, and yet see <i>never</i> the
worse.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And he answered him to <i>never</i> a
word.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxvii. 14.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Never</i> is much used in composition with present
participles to form adjectives, as in <i>never</i>-ceasing,
<i>never</i>-dying, <i>never</i>-ending, <i>never</i>-fading,
<i>never</i>-failing, etc., retaining its usual signification.</p>

<p><col><b>Never a deal</b></col>, <cd>not a bit.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Never so</b></col>, <cd>as never before; more than at
any other time, or in any other circumstances; especially;
particularly; -- now often expressed or replaced by <i>ever
so</i>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Ask me <i>never so</i> much dower and
gift.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxiv. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fear of battery, . . . though <i>never so</i> well
grounded, is no duress.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nev"er*more`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Never
again; at no time hereafter.</def>  <i>Testament of Love.
Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where springtime of the Hesperides<BR>
Begins, but endeth <i>nevermore</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nev`er*the*lat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. or conj.</i></pos>
<def>Nevertheless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nev`er*the*less"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. or conj.</i></pos>
[<i>Never</i> + <i>the</i> (see <u>The</u> by that) + <i>less</i>.]
<def>Not the less; notwithstanding; in spite of that; yet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No chastening for the present seemeth to be joyous,
but grievous; <i>nevertheless</i>, afterward it yieldeth the
peaceable fruit of righteousness.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xii.
11.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- However; at least; yet; still. See
<u>However</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Nev"ew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Nephew.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>New</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Newer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Newest</u>.] [OE. OE.
<i>newe</i>, AS. <i>niwe</i>, <i>neowe</i>; akin to D. <i>nieuw</i>,
OS. <i>niwi</i>, OHG. <i>niuwi</i>, G. <i>neu</i>, Icel.
<i>n&?;r</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>ny</i>, Goth. <i>niujis</i>, Lith.
<i>naujas</i>, Russ. <i>novuii</i>, Ir. <i>nua</i>, <i>nuadh</i>,
Gael. <i>nuadh</i>, W. <i>newydd</i>, Armor. <i>nevez</i>, L.
<i>novus</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>nava</i>, and prob. to E. <i>now</i>.
&radic;263. See <u>Now</u>, and cf. <u>Announce</u>, <u>Innovate</u>,
<u>Neophyte</u>, <u>Novel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
existed, or having been made, but a short time; having originated or
occured lately; having recently come into existence, or into one's
possession; not early or long in being; of late origin; recent;
fresh; modern; -- opposed to <i>old</i>, as, a <i>new</i> coat; a
<i>new</i> house; a <i>new</i> book; a <i>new</i> fashion.</def>
"Your <i>new</i> wife."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not before seen or known, although
existing before; lately manifested; recently discovered; as, a
<i>new</i> metal; a <i>new</i> planet; <i>new</i> scenes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Newly beginning or recurring; starting
anew; now commencing; different from has been; as, a <i>new</i> year;
a <i>new course</i> or direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>As if lately begun or made; having the
state or quality of original freshness; also, changed for the better;
renovated; unworn; untried; unspent; as, rest and travel made him a
<i>new</i> man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Steadfasty purposing to lead a <i>new</i>
life.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men after long emaciating diets, fat, and almost
<i>new</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not of ancient extraction, or of a family
of ancient descent; not previously known or famous.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not habituated; not familiar;
unaccustomed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>New</i> to the plow, unpracticed in the
trace.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Fresh from anything; newly come.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>New</i> from her sickness to that northern
air.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>New birth</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Birth</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>New Church</b></col>, or <col><b>New Jerusalem
Church</b></col>, <cd>the church holding the doctrines taught by
Emanuel Swedenborg. See <u>Swedenborgian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>New
heart</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>a heart or character changed by
the power of God, so as to be governed by new and holy motives.</cd>
-- <col><b>New land</b></col>, <cd>land ckeared and cultivated for
the first time.</cd> -- <col><b>New light</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Crappie</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>New
moon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The moon in its first
quarter, or when it first appears after being invisible</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The day when the new moon is first seen; the
first day of the lunar month, which was a holy day among the
Jews.</cd> <i>2 Kings iv. 23.</i> -- <col><b>New Red
Sandstone</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>an old name for the formation
immediately above the coal measures or strata, now divided into the
Permian and Trias.</cd> See <u>Sandstone</u>. -- <col><b>New
style</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Style</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>New
testament</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Testament</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>New world</b></col>, <cd>the land of the Western Hemisphere;
-- so called because not known to the inhabitants of the Eastern
Hemisphere until recent times.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Novel; recent; fresh; modern. See <u>Novel</u>.</p>

<p><hw>New</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Newly;
recently.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>New</i> is much used in composition, adverbially, in the
sense of <i>newly</i>, <i>recently</i>, to quality other words, as in
<i>new</i>-born, <i>new</i>-formed, <i>new</i>-found, <i>new</i>-
mown.</p>

<p><col><b>Of new</b></col>, <cd>anew.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>New</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To make new; to
renew.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>New"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Recently
born.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>New"come`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Recently
come.</def></p>

<p><hw>New"com`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has
lately come.</def></p>

<p><hw>New"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>New</u>.  Cf.
<u>Novel</u>.] <def>A novelty; a new thing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>New"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>nual</i>, F.
<i>noyau</i> sone, of fruit, <i>noyau d'escaler</i> newel, fr. L.
<i>nucalis</i> like a nut, fr. <i>nux</i>, <i>nucis</i>, nut. Cf
<u>Nowel</u> the inner wall of a mold, <u>Nucleus</u>..]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The upright post about which the steps of a
circular staircase wind; hence, in stairs having straight flights,
the principal post at the foot of a staircase, or the secondary ones
at the landings. See <i>Hollow newel</i>, under
<u>Hollow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>New"fan`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>New</i> +
<i>fangle</i>.] <def>Eager for novelties; desirous of changing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>newfangel</i> be they of their
meat.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>New"fan`gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To change by
introducing novelties.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>New"fan`gled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Newmade; formed with the affectation of novelty.</def> "A
<i>newfangled</i> nomenclature."  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to change; inclined to novelties;
given to new theories or fashions.</def> "<i>Newfangled</i>
teachers." <i>1 Tim. vi. (heading).</i> "<i>Newfangled</i> men."
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>New"fan`gled*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Affectation
of, or fondness for, novelty; vain or affected fashion or
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>New"fan`gle*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>newefanglenes</i>. See <u>Fangle</u>.] <def>Newfangledness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Proud <i>newfangleness</i> in their
apparel.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>New"fan`glist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
eager for novelties or desirous of change.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>New"fan`gly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
newfangled manner; with eagerness for novelty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>New`fash"ioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made in a
new form, or lately come into fashion.</def></p>

<p><hw>New"found*land`</hw> (?, often &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An island on the coast of British North
America, famed for the fishing grounds in its vicinity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Newfoundland dog.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Newfoundland dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
breed of large dogs, with shaggy hair, which originated in
Newfoundland, noted for intelligence, docility, and swimming
powers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>New"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>New</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Yeast; barm.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>New"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat new; nearly
new.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>New"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Lately; recently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He rubbed it o'er with <i>newly</i> gathered
mint.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anew; afresh; freshly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the refined mind doth <i>newly</i> fashion<BR>
Into a fairer form.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>New"mar`ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Newmarket</i>, England.] <def>A long, closely fitting
cloak.</def></p>

<p><hw>New`-mod"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
remodel.</def></p>

<p><hw>New"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being new; as, the <i>newness</i> of a system; the
<i>newness</i> of a scene; <i>newness</i> of life.</def></p>

<p><! p. 974 !></p>

<p><hw>News</hw> (n&uamc;z), <pos><i>n</i></pos> [From New; cf. F.
<i>nounelles</i>. <i>News</i> is plural in form, but is commonly used
with a singular verb.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A report of recent
occurrences; information of something that has lately taken place, or
of something before unknown; fresh tidings; recent
intelligence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evil <i>news</i> rides post, while good <i>news</i>
baits.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something strange or newly
happened.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is no <i>news</i> for the weak and poor to be a
prey to the strong and rich.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bearer of news; a courier; a
newspaper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There cometh a <i>news</i> thither with his
horse.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>News"-book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
newspaper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>News"boy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boy who
distributes or sells newspapers.</def></p>

<p><hw>News"-let`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A circular
letter, written or printed for the purpose of disseminating news.
This was the name given to the earliest English newspapers.</def></p>

<p><hw>News"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Newsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
brings news.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man who distributes or sells
newspapers.</def></p>

<p><hw>News"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who deals
in news; one who is active in hearing and telling news.</def></p>

<p><hw>News"pa`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sheet of
paper printed and distributed, at stated intervals, for conveying
intelligence of passing events, advocating opinions, etc.; a public
print that circulates news, advertisements, proceedings of
legislative bodies, public announcements, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>News"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room where
news is collected and disseminated, or periodicals sold; a reading
room supplied with newspapers, magazines, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>News"-vnd`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seller of
newspapers.</def></p>

<p><hw>News"-writ`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gathered news for, and wrote, news-letters.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>News"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of news;
abounding in information as to current events.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Newt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ewt</i>,
<i>evete</i>, AS. <i>efete</i>, with <i>n</i> prefixed, <i>an ewt</i>
being understood as <i>a newt</i>.  Cf. <u>Eft</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of small aquatic
salamanders. The common British species are the crested newt
(<i>Triton cristatus</i>) and the smooth newt (<i>Lophinus
punctatus</i>). In America, <i>Diemictylus viridescens</i> is one of
the most abundant species.</def></p>

<p><hw>New*to"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or his discoveries.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Newtonian philosophy</b></col>, <cd>the philosophy of Sir
Isaac Newton; -- applied to the doctrine of the universe as expounded
in Newton's "Principia," to the modern or experimental philosophy (as
opposed to the theories of Descartes and others), and, most
frequently, to the mathematical theory of universal gravitation.</cd>
-- <col><b>Newtonian telescope</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a
reflecting telescope, in which rays from the large speculum are
received by a plane mirror placed diagonally in the axis, and near
the open end of the tube, and thrown at right angles toward one side
of the tube, where the image is formed and viewed through the
eyeplace.</cd> -- <col><b>Newtonian theory of light</b></col>.
<cd>See Note under <u>Light</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>New*to"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower of
Newton.</def></p>

<p><hw>New"-year`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to, or suitable for, the commencement of the year; as,
<i>New-year</i> gifts or odes.</def></p>

<p><hw>New" Year's` Day"</hw> (?). <def>the first day of a calendar
year; the first day of January. Often colloquially abbreviated to
<i>New year's</i> or <i>new year</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>New` Zea"land</hw> (?). <def>A group of islands in the South
Pacific Ocean.</def></p>

<p><col><b>New Zealand flax</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A tall, liliaceous herb (<i>Phormium tenax</i>),
having very long, sword-shaped, distichous leaves which furnish a
fine, strong fiber very valuable for cordage and the like</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The fiber itself.</cd> -- <col><b>New Zealand
tea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a myrtaceous shrub (<i>Leptospermum
scoparium</i>) of New Zealand and Australia, the leaves of which are
used as a substitute for tea.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nex"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nexibilis</i>,
from <i>nectere</i>, <i>nexum</i>, to bind.] <def>That may be knit
together.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Next</hw> (n&ebreve;kst), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of <u>Nigh</u>. [AS. <i>n&emacr;hst</i>,
<i>ni&eacute;hst</i>, <i>n&ymacr;hst</i>, superl. of
<i>ne&aacute;h</i> nigh. See <u>Nigh</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Nearest in place; having no similar object intervening.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her princely guest<BR>
Was <i>next</i> her side; in order sat the rest.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear followed me so hard, that I fled the <i>next</i>
way.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nearest in time; as, the <i>next</i> day
or hour.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Adjoining in a series; immediately
preceding or following in order.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>None could tell whose turn should be the
<i>next</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Nearest in degree, quality, rank, right,
or relation; as, the <i>next</i> heir was an infant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man is near of kin unto us, one of our <i>next</i>
kinsmen.</blockquote> <i>Ruth ii. 20.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Next</i> is usually followed by <i>to</i> before an
object, but <i>to</i> is sometimes omitted. In such cases <i>next</i>
in considered by many grammarians as a preposition.</p>

<p><col><b>Next friend</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one who represents
an infant, a married woman, or any person who can not appear <i>sui
juris</i>, in a suit at law.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Next</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the time, place, or
order nearest or immediately succeeding; as, this man follows
<i>next</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nex"us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Connection;
tie.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man is doubtless one by some subtile <i>nexus</i> . .
. extending from the new-born infant to the superannuated
dotard.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Nez" Per`c&eacute;s"</hw> (?), <i>pl.</i>; sing.
<singw><b>Nez Perc&Eacute;</b></singw> (&?;). [F., pierced noses.]
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of Indians, mostly inhabiting
Idaho.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||Ngi"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<def>The gorilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*ag"a*ra pe"ri*od</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
subdivision or the American Upper Silurian system, embracing the
Medina, Clinton, and Niagara epoch. The rocks of the Niagara epoch,
mostly limestones, are extensively distributed, and at Niagara Falls
consist of about eighty feet of shale supporting a greater thickness
of limestone, which is gradually undermined by the removal of the
shale. See <i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>niais</i>. See
<u>Eyas</u>.] <def>A young hawk; an eyas; hence, an unsophisticated
person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nib</hw> (n&ibreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A variabt of
<i>neb</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small and pointed thing or
part; a point; a prong.</def> "The little <i>nib</i> or fructifying
principle."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bill or beak of a
bird; the neb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The points of a pen; also, the pointed
part of a pen; a short pen adapted for insertion in a
holder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the handles which project from a
scythe snath; also, [Prov. Eng.], the shaft of a wagon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nib</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nebbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nibbing</u>.] <def>To furnish with a nib; to point; to mend the
point of; as, to <i>nib</i> a pen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nibbed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a nib or
point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nib"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nibbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nibbling</u> (?).] [Cf. <u>Nip</u>.] <def>To bite by little at a
time; to seize gently with the mouth; to eat slowly or in small
bits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy turfy mountains, where live <i>nibbling</i>
sheep.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bite upon
something gently or cautiously; to eat a little of a thing, as by
taking small bits cautiously; as, fishes <i>nibble</i> at the
bait.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Instead of returning a full answer to my book, he
manifestly falls a-<i>nibbling</i> at one single
passage.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small or cautious
bite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nib"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, nibbles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nib"bling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
nibbling manner; cautiously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nib"lick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of golf
stick used to lift the ball out of holes, ruts, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ni*ca"gua</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The laughing falcon. See under <u>laughing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nic`a*ra"gua wood`</hw> (?). <def>Brazil wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nic"co*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [from NL.
<i>niccolum</i> nickel.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a copper-red
color and metallic luster; an arsenide of nickel; -- called also
<i>coppernickel</i>, <i>kupfernickel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nice</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Nicer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Nicest</u>.] [OE.,
foolish, fr. OF. <i>nice</i> ignorant, fool, fr. L. <i>nescius</i>
ignorant; <i>ne</i> not + <i>scius</i> knowing, <i>scire</i> to know.
perhaps influenced by E. <i>nesh</i> delicate, soft. See <u>No</u>,
and <u>Science</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foolish; silly; simple;
ignorant; also, weak; effeminate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But say that we ben wise and nothing
<i>nice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of trifling moment; unimportant;
trivial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The letter was not <i>nice</i>, but full of charge<BR>
Of dear import.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Overscrupulous or exacting; hard to please
or satisfy; fastidious in small matters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Curious not knowing, not exact but
<i>nice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And to taste<BR>
Think not I shall be <i>nice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Delicate; refined; dainty; pure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dear love, continue <i>nice</i> and
chaste.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>nice</i> and subtile happiness.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Apprehending slight differences or
delicate distinctions; distinguishing accurately or minutely;
carefully discriminating; as, a <i>nice</i> taste or judgment.</def>
"Our author happy in a judge so <i>nice</i>." <i>Pope.</i>
"<i>Nice</i> verbal criticism." <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Done or made with careful labor; suited to
excite admiration on account of exactness; evidencing great skill;
exact; fine; finished; as, <i>nice</i> proportions, <i>nice</i>
workmanship, a <i>nice</i> application; exactly or fastidiously
discriminated; requiring close discrimination; as, a <i>nice</i>
point of law, a <i>nice</i> distinction in philosophy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The difference is too <i>nice</i><BR>
Where ends the virtue, or begins the vice.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing; agreeable; gratifying;
delightful; good; as, a <i>nice</i> party; a <i>nice</i> excursion; a
<i>nice</i> person; a <i>nice</i> day; a <i>nice</i> sauce,
etc.</def> [Loosely &amp; Colloquially]</p>

<p><col><b>To make nice of</b></col>, <cd>to be scrupulous
about.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dainty; delicate; exquisite; fine; accurate; exact;
correct; precise; particular; scrupulous; punctilious; fastidious;
squeamish; finical; effeminate; silly.</p>

<p><hw>Nice"ly</hw> <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a nice
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Nicaenus</i>,
fr. <i>Nicaea</i> Nice, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to Nice, a
town of Asia Minor, or to the ecumenical council held there <u>a.
d.</u> 325.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nicene Creed</b></col> (&?;), <cd>a summary of Christian
faith, composed and adopted by the Council of Nice, against Arianism,
<u>a. d.</u> 325, altered and confirmed by the Council of
Constantinople, <u>a. d.</u> 381, and by subsequent
councils.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nice"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being nice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"cer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Nicety.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ni"ce*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Niceties</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>nicet&eacute;</i>
foolishness.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
nice (in any of the senses of that word.).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The miller smiled of her <i>nicety</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Delicacy or exactness of perception;
minuteness of observation or of discrimination; precision.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A delicate expression, act, mode of
treatment, distinction, or the like; a minute distinction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fineness and <i>niceties</i> of
words.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To a nicety</b></col>, <cd>with great exactness or
accuracy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Niche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>nicchia</i>, prop., a shell-like recess in a wall, fr.
<i>nicchio</i> a shellfish, mussel, fr. L. <i>mytilus</i>.] <def>A
cavity, hollow, or recess, generally within the thickness of a wall,
for a statue, bust, or other erect ornament. hence, any similar
position, literal or figurative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Images defended from the injuries of the weather by
<i>niches</i> of stone wherein they are placed.</blockquote>
<i>Evelun.</i></p>

<p><hw>Niched</hw>. (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Placed in a
niche.</def> "Those <i>niched</i> shapes of noble mold."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nick</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>nicor</i> a
marine monster; akin to D. <i>nikker</i> a water spite, Icel.
<i>nykr</i>, ONG. <i>nihhus</i> a crocodile, G. <i>nix</i> a water
sprite; cf. Gr. &?; to wash, Skr. <i>nij</i>.  Cf. <u>Nix</u>.]
<i>(Northern Myth.)</i> <def>An evil spirit of the waters.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Old Nick</b></col>, <cd>the evil one; the devil.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Nick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to <u>Nock</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A notch cut into something</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A score for keeping an account; a
reckoning.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A
notch cut crosswise in the shank of a type, to assist a compositor in
placing it properly in the stick, and in distribution.</def>  <i>W.
Savage.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A broken or indented place in any edge or
surface; <i>nicks</i> in china.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particular point or place considered as
marked by a nick; the exact point or critical moment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To cut it off in the very <i>nick</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>nick</i> of time is the critical occasion for
the gainger of a point.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nicked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nicking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a nick or nicks in;
to notch; to keep count of or upon by nicks; as, to <i>nick</i> a
stick, tally, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mar; to deface; to make ragged, as by
cutting nicks or notches in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And thence proceed to <i>nicking</i>
sashes.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The itch of his affection should not then<BR>
Have <i>nicked</i> his captainship.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suit or fit into, as by a
correspondence of nicks; to tally with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Words <i>nicking</i> and resembling one another are
applicable to different significations.</blockquote>
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hit at, or in, the nick; to touch
rightly; to strike at the precise point or time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The just season of doing things must be <i>nicked</i>,
and all accidents improved.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make a cross cut or cuts on the under
side of (the tail of a horse, in order to make him carry it
higher).</def></p>

<p><hw>Nick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To nickname; to
style.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For Warbeck, as you <i>nick</i> him, came to
me.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nick"ar nut`</hw> (?), <hw>Nick"ar tree`</hw> (?) }.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Nicker nut</u>, <u>Nicker
tree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nick"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr. Sw.
<i>nickel</i>, abbrev. from Sw. <i>kopparnickel</i> copper-nickel, a
name given in derision, as it was thought to be a base ore of copper.
The origin of the second part of the word is uncertain.  Cf.
<u>Kupfer-nickel</u>, <u>Copper-nickel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bright silver-white metallic element. It is of
the iron group, and is hard, malleable, and ductile. It occurs
combined with sulphur in millerite, with arsenic in the mineral
niccolite, and with arsenic and sulphur in nickel glance. Symbol Ni.
Atomic weight 58.6.</def></p>

<p>&fist; On account of its permanence in air and inertness to
oxidation, it is used in the smaller coins, for plating iron, brass,
etc., for chemical apparatus, and in certain alloys, as german
silver. It is magnetic, and is very frequently accompanied by cobalt,
both being found in meteoric iron.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small coin made of or containing nickel;
esp., a five-cent piece.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Nickel silver</b></col>, <cd>an alloy of nickel, copper,
and zinc; -- usually called <i>german silver</i>; called also
<i>argentan</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nick*el"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, nickel; specifically, designating
compounds in which, as contrasted with the <i>nickelous</i>
compounds, the metal has a higher valence; as <i>nickelic</i>
oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nick`el*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Nickel</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Containing nickel; as,
<i>nickelferous</i> iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nick"el*ine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alloy of nickel, a variety
of German silver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Niccolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nick"el*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, those compounds of nickel in
which, as contrasted with the <i>nickelic</i> compounds, the metal
has a lower valence; as, <i>nickelous</i> oxide.</def>
<i>Frankland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Nick</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the night
brawlers of London formerly noted for breaking windows with half-
pence.</def> [Cant]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cutting lip which projects downward at
the edge of a boring bit and cuts a circular groove in the wood to
limit the size of the hole that is bored.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nick"er nut`</hw> (?). <def>A rounded seed, rather smaller
than a nutmeg, having a hard smooth shell, and a yellowish or bluish
color. The seeds grow in the prickly pods of tropical, woody climbers
of the genus <i>C&aelig;salpinia</i>. <i>C. Bonduc</i> has yellowish
seeds; <i>C. Bonducella</i>, bluish gray.</def> [Spelt also <i>neckar
nut</i>, <i>nickar nut</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Nick"er tree`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The plant producing
nicker nuts.</def> [Written also <i>neckar tree</i> and <i>nickar
tree</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Nick"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Nick</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Coal Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The cutting made by the hewer at the side of the face.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>Small coal produced in making the
nicking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nic"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European woodpecker, or yaffle; -- called also <i>nicker
pecker</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nick"nack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Knickknack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nick"nack`er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Knickknackery</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nick"name`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ekename</i>
surname, hence, a nickname, <i>an ekename</i> being understood as
<i>a nekename</i>, influenced also by E. <i>nick</i>, v. See
<u>Eke</u>, and <u>Name</u>.] <def>A name given in contempt,
derision, or sportive familiarity; a familiar or an opprobrious
appellation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nick"name`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nicknamed</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nicknaming</u>.] <def>To give a nickname to; to call by a
nickname.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>nickname</i> virtue; vice you should have
spoke.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I altogether disclaim what has been <i>nicknamed</i>
the doctrine of finality.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><! p. 975 !></p>

<p><hw>Ni`co*la"i*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>Nicolas</i> of Antioch, mentioned in Acts vi. 5.] <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of certain corrupt persons in the early church at
Ephesus, who are censured in rev. ii. 6, 15.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*co"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>nicotiane</i>; -- so called from <i>Nicot</i>, who introduced it
into France, <u>a. d.</u> 1560.] <def>Tobacco.</def> [R.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ni*co"tian</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
derived from, tobacco.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ni*co`ti*a"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Nicotian</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of American and Asiatic
solanaceous herbs, with viscid foliage and funnel-shaped blossoms.
Several species yield tobacco. See <u>Tobacco</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*co"ti*a*nine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>nicotianine</i>. See <u>Nicotian</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white
waxy substance having a hot, bitter taste, extracted from tobacco
leaves and called also <i>tobacco camphor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*cot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Nicotinic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*cot"i*dine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Nicot</i>ine + pyr<i>idine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A complex,
oily, nitrogenous base, isomeric with nicotine, and obtained by the
reduction of certain derivatives of the pyridine group.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nic"o*tine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>nicotine</i>. See <u>Nicotian</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
alkaloid which is the active principle of tobacco. It is a colorless,
transparent, oily liquid, having an acrid odor, and an acrid burning
taste. It is intensely poisonous.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nic`o*tin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, nicotine; nicotic; -- used
specifically to designate an acid related to pyridine, obtained by
the oxidation of nicotine, and called <i>nicotinic
acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nic"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>nictare</i>,
<i>nictatum</i>, from <i>nicere</i> to beckon.] <def>To wink; to
nictitate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nic*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nictatio</i>
&?; cf. F. <i>nictation</i>.] <def>the act of winking;
nictitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nic"ti*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Nictate</u>.] <def>To wink; to nictate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nictitating membrane</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a thin
membrane, found in many animals at the inner angle, or beneath the
lower lid, of the eye, and capable of being drawn across the eyeball;
the third eyelid; the haw.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nic`ti*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
winking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nid`a*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nidamentum</i> materials for a nest, fr. <i>nidus</i> nest. See
<u>Nest</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or baring,
eggs or egg capsules; as, the <i>nidament</i> capsules of certain
gastropods; <i>nidamental</i> glands. See <i>Illust</i>. of
<u>Dibranchiata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"da*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nidus</i> a
nest.] <def>A collection of nests.</def> [R.]  <i>velyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nidus</i> a nest:
cf. F. <i>nid</i>.] <def>A nestful; a brood; as, a <i>nide</i> of
pheasants.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ni"der*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Niding</u>.]
<def>Infamous; dastardly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nidg"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Nidget</u>.]
<def>A trifle; a piece of foolery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skinner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nidg"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>nigget</i>, <i>nigeot</i>.] [Cf. F. <i>nigaud</i> a booby, fool,
OF. <i>niger</i> to play the fool.] <def>A fool; an idiot, a
coward.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nid"i*fi*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Nidificated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Nidificating</u>.] [L. <i>nidificare</i>,
<i>nidificatum</i>; <i>nidus</i> nest + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to
make. See <u>-fy</u>, and cf. <u>nest</u>.] <def>To make a
nest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where are the fishes which <i>nidificated</i> in
trees?</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nid`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nidification</i>.] <def>The act or process of building a
nest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"ding</hw> (n&imacr;"d&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Written also <i>nithing</i>.] [AS. <i>n&imacr;&eth;ing</i>, fr.
<i>n&imacr;&eth;</i> wickness, malice, hatred.] <def>A coward; a
dastard; -- a term of utmost opprobrium.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He is worthy to be called a
<i>niding</i>.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ni"dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Scent or savor
of meat or food, cooked or cooking.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ni"dor*ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Nidorous.</def> [R.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ni"dor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nidorosus</i>
steaming, reeking: cf. F. <i>nidoreux</i>. See <u>Nidor</u>.]
<def>Resembling the smell or taste of roast meat, or of corrupt
animal matter.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Nid"u*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nidulans</i>,
p. pr.: cf. F. <u>Nidulant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Nestling, as
a bird in its nest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Lying loose in pulp or
cotton within a berry or pericarp, as in a nest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nid"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Nidulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Nidulating</u>.] [L. <i>nidulari</i>, fr.
<i>nidulus</i>, dim. of <i>nidus</i> a nest.] <def>To make a nest, as
a bird.</def> [R.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nid`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The time of
remaining in the nest.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nid"u*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nidulus</i> a
little nest.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A Silurian fossil, formerly
supposed to consist of eggs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ni"dus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>nidi</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Nidi</u>, <u>Nest</u>.] <def>A
nest: a repository for the eggs of birds, insects, etc.; a breeding
place; esp., the place or substance where parasites or the germs of a
disease effect lodgment or are developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Niece</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nece</i>, F.
<i>ni&egrave;ce</i>, LL. <i>neptia</i>, for L. <i>neptis</i> a
granddaughter, niece, akin to <i>nepos</i>. See <u>Nephew</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A relative, in general; especially, a
descendant, whether male or female; a granddaughter or a
grandson.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson. Wyclif. Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A daughter of one's brother or sister, or
of one's brother-in-law or sister-in-law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nief</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Neif</u>, the
fist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*el"list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices the style of ornamentation called <i>niello</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*el"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>niello</i>,
LL. <i>nigellum</i> a black of blackish enamel, fr. L.
<i>nigellus</i>, dim. of <i>niger</i> black. See <u>Negro</u>, and
cf. <u>Anneal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A metallic alloy of a
deep black color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art, process, or method of decorating
metal with incised designs filled with the black alloy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of metal, or any other object, so
decorated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An impression on paper taken from an
ancient incised decoration or metal plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"fle</hw> (n&ibreve;f"'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.] <def>A
trifle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>hn&ouml;ggr</i> niggardly, stingy + <i>-ard</i>; cf. Sw.
<i>njugg</i>, AS. <i>hne&aacute;w</i>.] <def>A person meanly close
and covetous; one who spends grudgingly; a stingy, parsimonious
fellow; a miser.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A penurious <i>niggard</i> of his wealth.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be <i>niggards</i> of advice on no
pretense.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gard</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a niggard;
meanly covetous or parsimonious; niggardly; miserly;
stingy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To act the
niggard toward; to be niggardly.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gard*ise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Niggardliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gard*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
niggard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gard*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being niggard; meanness in giving or spending;
parsimony; stinginess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Niggardliness</i> is not good
husbandry.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gard*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Meanly covetous or
avaricious in dealing with others; stingy; niggard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the owner of the house will be bountiful, it is
not for the steward to be <i>niggardly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Avaricious; covetous; parsimonious; sparing;
miserly; penurious; sordid; stingy. See <u>Avaricious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Nig"gard*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a niggard
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gard*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Niggardliness.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gard*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Niggardly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Covetous gathering and <i>niggardous</i>
keeping.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gard*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Niggardliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gard*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Niggardliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>nigged</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>nig</i> to
clip money.] <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>Hammer-dressed; -- said of
building stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nig"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A negro; -- in
vulgar derision or depreciation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Niggard</u>.]
<def>Niggardly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Niggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Niggling</u> (?).] [Dim. of Prov. E. <i>nig</i> to clip money; cf.
also Prov. E. <i>nig</i> a small piece.] <def>To trifle with; to
deceive; to mock.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To trifle or play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take heed, daughter,<BR>
You <i>niggle</i> not with your conscience and religion.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act or walk mincingly.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fret and snarl about trifles.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Nig"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
niggles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nigh</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Nigher</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Nighest</u>, or
<u>Next</u> (&?;).] [OE. <i>nigh</i>, <i>neigh</i>, <i>neih</i>, AS.
<i>ne&aacute;h</i>, <i>n&?;h</i>; akin to D. <i>na</i>, adv., OS.
<i>n&amacr;h</i>, a., OHG. <i>n&amacr;h</i>, G. <i>nah</i>, a.,
<i>nach</i> to, after, Icel. <i>n&amacr;</i> (in comp.) nigh, Goth.
<i>n&?;hw</i>, <i>n&?;hwa</i>, adv., nigh.  Cf. <u>Near</u>,
<u>Neighbor</u>, <u>Next</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not distant or
remote in place or time; near.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The loud tumult shows the battle
<i>nigh</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not remote in degree, kindred,
circumstances, etc.; closely allied; intimate.</def> "<i>Nigh</i>
kinsmen."  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye . . . are made <i>nigh</i> by the blood of
Christ.</blockquote> <i>Eph. ii. 13.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Near; close; adjacent; contiguous; present;
neighboring.</p>

<p><hw>Nigh</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ne&aacute;h</i>,
<i>n&?;h</i>. See <u>Nigh</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a situation near in place or time, or in
the course of events; near.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was sick, <i>nigh</i> unto death.</blockquote>
<i>Phil. ii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He drew not <i>nigh</i> unheard; the angel bright,<BR>
Ere he drew <i>nigh</i>, his radiant visage turned.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Almost; nearly; as, he was <i>nigh</i>
dead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nigh</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To draw nigh
(to); to approach; to come near.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (Matt. iii.
2).</i></p>

<p><hw>Nigh</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Near to; not remote or
distant from.</def> "was not this <i>nigh</i> shore?"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nigh"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a near relation
in place, time, degree, etc.; within a little; almost.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A cube and a sphere . . . <i>nighly</i> of the same
bigness.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nigh"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being nigh.</def> [R.] "<i>Nighness</i> of blood."
<i>Holished.</i></p>

<p><hw>Night</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>night</i>,
<i>niht</i>, AS. <i>neaht</i>, <i>niht</i>; akin to D. <i>nacht</i>,
OS. &amp; OHG. <i>naht</i>, G. <i>nacht</i>, Icel. <i>n&?;tt</i>, Sw.
<i>natt</i>, Dan. <i>nat</i>, Goth. nachts, Lith. <i>naktis</i>,
Russ. <i>noche</i>, W. <i>nos</i>, Ir. <i>nochd</i>, L. <i>nox</i>,
<i>noctis</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, Skr. <i>nakta</i>, <i>nakti</i>. &radic;
265.  Cf. <u>Equinox</u>, <u>Nocturnal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That part of the natural day when the sun is beneath the
horizon, or the time from sunset to sunrise; esp., the time between
dusk and dawn, when there is no light of the sun, but only moonlight,
starlight, or artificial light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And God called the light Day, and the darkness he
called <i>Night</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Darkness;
obscurity; concealment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature and nature's laws lay hid in
<i>night</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Intellectual and moral darkness;
ignorance.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A state of affliction;
adversity; as, a dreary <i>night</i> of sorrow.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The period after the close of life;
death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She closed her eyes in everlasting
<i>night</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A lifeless or unenlivened period, as when
nature seems to sleep.</def> "Sad winter's <i>night</i>".
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Night</i> is sometimes used, esp. with participles, in
the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, <i>night</i>-
blooming, <i>night</i>-born, <i>night</i>-warbling, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Night by night</b></col>, <col><b>Night after
night</b></col>, <cd>nightly; many nights.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>So help me God, as I have watched the night,<BR>
Ay, <i>night by night</i>, in studying good for England.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Night bird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The moor hen (<i>Gallinula
chloropus</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The Manx shearwater
(<i>Puffinus Anglorum</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Night
blindness</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <u>Hemeralopia</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Night cart</b></col>, <cd>a cart used to remove the
contents of privies by night.</cd> -- <col><b>Night churr</b></col>,
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the nightjar.</cd> -- <col><b>Night
crow</b></col>, <cd>a bird that cries in the night.</cd> --
<col><b>Night dog</b></col>, <cd>a dog that hunts in the night, --
used by poachers.</cd> -- <col><b>Night fire</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Fire burning in the night.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Ignis fatuus; Will-o'-the-wisp; Jask-with-a-
lantern</cd>. -- <col><b>Night flyer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any creature that flies in the night, as some birds and
insects.</cd> -- <col><b>night glass</b></col>, <cd>a spyglass
constructed to concentrate a large amount of light, so as see objects
distinctly at night.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Night
green</b></col>, <cd>iodine green.</cd> -- <col><b>Night
hag</b></col>, <cd>a witch supposed to wander in the night.</cd> --
<col><b>Night hawk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American
bird (<i>Chordeiles Virginianus</i>), allied to the goatsucker.  It
hunts the insects on which it feeds toward evening, on the wing, and
often, diving down perpendicularly, produces a loud whirring sound,
like that of a spinning wheel.</cd> Also sometimes applied to the
European goatsuckers. It is called also <i>bull bat</i>. --
<col><b>Night heron</b></col> (<i>Zo&ouml;l</i>.), <cd>any one of
several species of herons of the genus <i>Nycticorax</i>, found in
various parts of the world. The best known species is <i>Nycticorax
griseus</i>, or <i>N. nycticorax</i>, of Europe, and the American
variety (var. <i>n&aelig;vius</i>). The yellow-crowned night heron
(<i>Nycticorax violaceus</i>) inhabits the Southern States.</cd>
Called also <i>qua-bird</i>, and <i>squawk</i>. -- <col><b>Night
house</b></col>, <cd>a public house, or inn, which is open at
night.</cd> -- <col><b>Night key</b></col>, <cd>a key for unfastening
a night latch.</cd> -- <col><b>Night latch</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
latch for a door, which is operated from the outside by a key.</cd> -
- <col><b>Night monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an owl
monkey.</cd> -- <col><b>night moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of the noctuids.</cd> -- <col><b>Night parrot</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the kakapo.</cd> -- <col><b>Night
piece</b></col>, <cd>a painting representing some night scene, as a
moonlight effect, or the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Night rail</b></col>,
<cd>a loose robe, or garment, worn either as a nightgown, or over the
dress at night, or in sickness.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Night
raven</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bird of ill omen that
cries in the night; esp., the bittern.</cd> -- <col><b>Night
rule</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A tumult, or frolic, in the
night; -- as if a corruption, of <i>night revel</i>.</cd> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Such conduct as generally rules, or prevails,
at night.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>night rule</i> now about this haunted
grove?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Night sight</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Nyctolopia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Night snap</b></col>, <cd>a night
thief.</cd> [Cant]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Night soil</b></col>, <cd>human excrement; -- so called
because in cities it is collected by night and carried away for
manure.</cd> -- <col><b>Night spell</b></col>, <cd>a charm against
accidents at night.</cd> -- <col><b>Night swallow</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the nightjar.</cd> -- <col><b>Night
walk</b></col>, <cd>a walk in the evening or night.</cd> --
<col><b>Night walker</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One who walks
in his sleep; a somnambulist; a noctambulist.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>One who roves about in the night for evil
purposes; specifically, a prostitute who walks the streets</cd>. --
<col><b>Night walking</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Walking in
one's sleep; somnambulism; noctambulism.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Walking the streets at night with evil designs</cd>. --
<col><b>Night warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the sedge
warbler (<i>Acrocephalus phragmitis</i>); -- called also <i>night
singer</i>.</cd> [prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Night watch</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A period in the night, as distinguished by
the change of watch.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A watch, or guard,
to aford protection in the night</cd>. -- <col><b>Night
watcher</b></col>, one who watches in the night; especially, one who
watches with evil designs. -- <col><b>Night witch</b></col>. <cd>Same
as <u>Night hag</u>, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Night"-bloom`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Blooming
in the night.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Night-blooming cereus</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
Note under <u>Cereus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Night"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cap worn in bed to protect the head, or in undress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A potion of spirit drank at bedtime.</def>
[Cant]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Night"dress`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
nightgown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Night"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Darkness; clouded.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Overtaken by night; belated.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Night"er*tale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>n&amacr;ttarpel</i>.] <def>period of night; nighttime.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Night"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
seeing at night; sharp-eyed.</def> "Your <i>night-eyed</i> Tiberius."
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Night"fall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The close of
the day.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Night"-far`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going or
traveling in the night.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Night"gown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A loose gown
used for undress; also, a gown used for a sleeping garment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Night"in*gale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>nihtegale</i>,<i>nightingale</i>, AS. <i>nihtegale</i>;
<i>niht</i> night + <i>galan</i> to sing, akin to E. <i>yell</i>; cf.
D. <i>nachtegaal</i>, OS. <i>nahtigala</i>, OHG. <i>nahtigala</i>, G.
<i>nachtigall</i>, Sw. <i>n&auml;ktergal</i>, Dan. <i>nattergal</i>.
See <u>Night</u>, and <u>Yell</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, plain, brown and gray European song
bird (<i>Luscinia luscinia</i>). It sings at night, and is celebrated
for the sweetness of its song.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A larger species
(<i>Lucinia philomela</i>), of Eastern Europe, having similar habits;
the thrush nightingale. The name is also applied to other allied
species.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mock nightingale</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Blackcap</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Night"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Night"jar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A goatsucker,
esp. the European species. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Goatsucker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Night"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Night"long`</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lasting
all night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Night"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the night, or to every night; happening or done by night, or every
night; as, <i>nightly</i> shades; he kept <i>nightly</i>
vigils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Night"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At night; every
night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Night"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nightmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One whose business is emptying
privies by night.</def></p>

<p><! p. 976 !></p>

<p><hw>Night"mare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Night</i> +
<i>mare</i> incubus. See <u>Mare</u> incubus.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fiend or incubus formerly supposed to cause trouble in
sleep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A condition in sleep usually caused by
improper eating or by digestive or nervous troubles, and
characterized by a sense of extreme uneasiness or discomfort (as of
weight on the chest or stomach, impossibility of motion or speech,
etc.), or by frightful or oppressive dreams, from which one wakes
after extreme anxiety, in a troubled state of mind; incubus.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any overwhelming, oppressive, or
stupefying influence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Night"shade`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>nichtscadu</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A common name of many species
of the genus <i>Solanum</i>, given esp. to the <i>Solanum nigrum</i>,
or black nightshade, a low, branching weed with small white flowers
and black berries reputed to be poisonous.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Deadly nightshade</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Belladonna</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Enchanter's
nightshade</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Enchanter</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stinking nightshade</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Henbane</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Three-leaved nightshade</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Trillium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Night"shirt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
nightgown for men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Night"time`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The time from
dusk to dawn; -- opposed to <i>daytime</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Night"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Approaching
toward night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*gran"i*line</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>niger</i> black + E. <i>aniline</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
complex, nitrogenous, organic base and dyestuff called also
<i>aniline black</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*gres"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nigrescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>nigrescere</i> to grow black, fr.
<i>niger</i> black. See <u>Negro</u>.] <def>Growing black; changing
to a black color; approaching to blackness.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nig`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nigrificare</i> to blacken; <i>niger</i> black + <i>-ficare</i>
(in comp.) to make. See <u>-fy</u>.] <def>The act or process of
making black.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ni"grine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>niger</i>
black: cf. F. <i>nigrine</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A ferruginous
variety of rutile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nig"ri*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nigritudo</i>, fr. <i>niger</i> black.] <def>Blackness; the state
of being black.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nig"ro*man`cie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Necromancy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nig"ro*man`cien</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
necromancer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These false enchanters or
<i>nigromanciens</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ni"gro*sine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>niger</i> black.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A dark blue dyestuff, of the
induline group; -- called also <i>azodiphenyl blue</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ni"gua</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chigoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ni"hil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Nothing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Nihil album</b></col> [L., white nothing]
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>oxide of zinc.</cd> See under <u>Zinc</u>. --
<col><b>||Nihil debet</b></col> [L., he owes nothing] <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>the general issue in certain actions of debt.</cd> --
<col><b>||Nihil dicit</b></col> [L., he says nothing] <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>a declinature by the defendant to plead or answer.</cd>
<i>Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ni"hil*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nihil</i>
nothing: cf. F. <i>nihilisme</i>. See <u>Annihilate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Nothingness; nihility.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine that nothing can be known;
scepticism as to all knowledge and all reality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Politics)</i> <def>The theories and
practices of the Nihilists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"hil*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nihiliste</i>. See <u>Nihilism</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who advocates the doctrine of nihilism; one who believes or teaches
that nothing can be known, or asserted to exist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Politics)</i> <def>A member of a secret
association (esp. in Russia), which is devoted to the destruction of
the present political, religious, and social institutions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`hil*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or characterized by, nihilism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*hil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nihilit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Nihilism</u>.] <def>Nothingness; a
state of being nothing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nil</hw> (?). [See <u>Nill</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Will not.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nil</hw>, <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> [L., a contr. of
<i>nihil</i>.] <def>Nothing; of no account; worthless; -- a term
often used for canceling, in accounts or bookkeeping.</def>  <i>A. J.
Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Nilus</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <def>The great river of Egypt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nile bird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The wryneck</cd>. [Prov. Eng.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The crocodile bird.</cd> -- <col><b>Nile
goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Egyptian goose. See Note
under <u>Goose</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nil"gau</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>see <u>Nylghau</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nilling</u>.] [AS. <i>nilan</i>, <i>nyllan</i>; <i>ne</i> not +
<i>willan</i> to will. See <u>No</u>, and <u>Will</u>.] <def>Not to
will; to refuse; to reject.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Certes, said he, I <i>nill</i> thine offered
grace.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be unwilling; to
refuse to act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The actions of the will are "velle" and "nolle," to
will and <i>nill</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Will he, nill he</b></col>, <cd>whether he wills it or
not.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>neul</i>
star, light.  Cf. <u>Nebula</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shining
sparks thrown off from melted brass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Scales of hot iron from the forge.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ni*lom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; the
Nile + &?; measure: cf. F. <i>nilom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An
instrument for measuring the rise of water in the Nile during its
periodical flood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"lo*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; the
Nile + &?; to observe.] <def>A Nilometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*lot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Niloticus</i>,
fr. <i>Nilus</i> th Nile, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>nilotique</i>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to the river Nile; as, the <i>Nilotic</i>
crocodile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nilt</hw> (?). [Contr. fr. <i>ne wilt</i>.] <def>Wilt
not.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nim</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Nam</u> (?) or <u>Nimmed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Nomen</u> (?) or <u>Nome</u> (&?;).] [AS. <i>niman</i>. &radic; 7.
Cf. <u>Nimble</u>.] <def>To take; to steal; to filch.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This canon it in his hand <i>nam</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nim*bif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nimbifer</i>; <i>nimbus</i> a cloud + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<def>Serving to bring clouds or stormy weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nim"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Nimbler</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Nimblest</u> (?).] [OE. <i>nimel</i>,
prob. orig., quick at seizing, fr. <i>nimen</i> to take, AS.
<i>niman</i>; akin to D. <i>nemen</i>, G. <i>nehmen</i>, OHG.
<i>neman</i>, Icel. <i>nema</i>, Goth. nima, and prob. to Gr. &?; to
distribute. &radic; 7.  Cf. <u>Nomand</u>, <u>Numb</u>.] <def>Light
and quick in motion; moving with ease and celerity; lively;
swift.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through the mid seas the <i>nimble</i> pinnace
sails.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Nimble</i> is sometimes used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>nimble</i>-footed, <i>nimble</i>-
pinioned, <i>nimble</i>-winged, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Nimble Will</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a slender,
branching, American grass (<i>Muhlenbergia diffusa</i>), of some
repute for grazing purposes in the Mississippi valley.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Agile; quick; active; brisk; lively; prompt.</p>

<p><hw>Nim"ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being nimble; lightness and quickness in motion; agility;
swiftness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nim"bless</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Nimbleness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nim"bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a nimble manner;
with agility; with light, quick motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nim*bose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. nimbosus, fr.
<i>nimbus</i> cloud.] <def>Cloudy; stormy; tempestuous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nim"bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Nimbi</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Nimbuses</b></plw> (#). [L.,
a rain storm, a rain cloud, the cloudshaped which enveloped the gods
when they appeared on earth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<def>A circle, or disk, or any indication of radiant light around the
heads of divinities, saints, and sovereigns, upon medals, pictures,
etc.; a halo. See <u>Aureola</u>, and <u>Glory</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "The <i>nimbus</i> is of pagan origin." "As an atribute of
<i>power</i>, the <i>nimbus</i> is often seen attached to the heads
of evil spirits."  <i>Fairholl.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A rain cloud; one of the
four principal varieties of clouds. See <u>Cloud</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*mi"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nimietas</i>,
fr. <i>nimius</i>, a., <i>nimis</i>, adv., too much.] <def>State of
being in excess.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>nimiety</i>, a too-muchess, in all
Germans.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nim"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nimius</i>.]
<def>Excessive; extravagant; inordinate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nim"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Nim</u>.]
<def>A thief.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nin</hw> (?). [Fr. <i>ne in</i>.] <def>Not in.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nin"com*poop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>non compos</i>.] <def>A fool; a silly or stupid person.</def>
[Law]</p>

<p><blockquote>An old ninnyhammer, a dotard, a <i>nincompoop</i>, is
the best language she can afford me.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nine</i>,
<i>nihen</i>, AS. <i>nigon</i>, <i>nigan</i>; akin to D. &amp; LG.
<i>negen</i>, OS. &amp; OFries. <i>nigun</i>, OHG. <i>niun</i>, G.
<i>neun</i>, Icel. <i>n&imacr;u</i>, sw. <i>nio</i>, Dan. <i>ni</i>,
Goth. <i>niun</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>naoi</i>, W. <i>naw</i>, L.
<i>novem</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>navan</i>; of unknown origin.
&radic;307.  Cf. <u>Novembeer</u>.] <def>Eight and one more; one less
than ten; as, <i>nine</i> miles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nine men's morris</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Morris</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Nine points circle</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a circle
so related to any given triangle as to pass through the three points
in which the perpendiculars from the angles of the triangle upon the
opposite sides (or the sides produced) meet the sides. It also passes
through the three middle points of the sides of the triangle and
through the three middle points of those parts of the perpendiculars
that are between their common point of meeting and the angles of the
triangle. The circle is hence called the <i>nine points or six points
circle</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
number greater than eight by a unit; nine units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing nine units, as 9 or
ix.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Nine</b></col>, <cd>the nine Muses.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nine"-bark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A white-flowered rosaceous shrub (<i>Neillia, or Spir&aelig;a,
opulifolia</i>), common in the Northern United States.  The bark
separates into many thin layers, whence the name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"-eyes`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The lamprey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nine times
repeated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"holes`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A game in
which nine holes are made in the ground, into which a ball is
bowled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"-kill`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called
because it is believed to kill and impale on thorns nine birds, etc.,
in succession.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The northern butcher
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"pence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ninepences</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An old
English silver coin, worth nine pence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A New England name for the Spanish real, a
coin formerly current in the United States, as valued at twelve and a
half cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"pins</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A game
played with nine pins, or pieces of wood, set on end, at which a
wooden ball is bowled to knock them down; bowling.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States, <i>ten</i> pins are used for this
game, which is therefore often called <i>tenpins</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Nine"score`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nine times
twenty, or one hundred and eighty.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The product of nine times twenty; ninescore units or
objects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"teen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>nigont&?;ne</i>, <i>nigont&?;ne</i>. See <u>Nine</u>, and
<u>Ten</u>.] <def>Nine and ten; eighteen and one more; one less than
twenty; as, <i>nineteen</i> months.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"teen`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The number greater than eighteen by a unit; the sum of ten and
nine; nineteen units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol for nineteen units, as 19 or
xix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"teenth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>nigonte&oacute;&?;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Following the
eighteenth and preceding the twentieth; coming after eighteen
others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of nineteen
equal parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"teenth`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quotient of a unit divided by nineteen; one of nineteen
equal parts of anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The next in order after the
eighteenth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An interval of two octaves
and a fifth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"ti*eth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Next in order after the eighty-ninth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of ninety equal
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"ti*eth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quotient of a unit divided by ninety; one of ninety equal
parts of anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The next in order after the eighty-
ninth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Nine</u>, and
cf. <u>Forty</u>.] <def>Nine times ten; eighty-nine and one more; as,
<i>ninety</i> men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nine"ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nineties</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sum of
nine times ten; the number greater by a unit than eighty-nine; ninety
units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing ninety units, as 90
or xc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nin"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ninnies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. It. <i>ninno</i>, <i>ninna</i>, a
baby, Sp. <i>ni&ntilde;o</i>, <i>ni&ntilde;a</i>, child, infant, It.
<i>ninna</i>, <i>ninna nanna</i>, lullably, prob. fr. <i>ni</i>,
<i>na</i>, as used in singing a child to sleep.] <def>A fool; a
simpleton.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nin"ny*ham`mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
simpleton; a silly person.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ninth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Nine</u>; cf.
AS. <i>nigo&eth;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Following the eight
and preceding the tenth; coming after eight others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of nine equal
parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ninth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quotient of one divided by nine; one of nine equal parts of a thing;
the next after the eighth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
interval containing an octave and a second.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A chord of the dominant seventh with the ninth added.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ninth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the ninth
place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nin"ut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The magpie.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ni"o*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Niobium</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Columbate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"o*be</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Nioba</i>,
<i>Niobe</i>, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Class, Myth.)</i> <def>The daughter of
Tantalus, and wife of Amphion, king of Thebes. Her pride in her
children provoked Apollo and Diana, who slew them all. Niobe herself
was changed by the gods into stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*ob"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Columbic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"o*bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Columbite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*o"bi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. &amp; E.
<u>Niobe</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A later name of columbium. See
<u>Columbium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*o"po</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of snuff
prepared by the natives of Venezuela from the roasted seeds of a
leguminous tree (<i>Piptadenia peregrina</i>), thence called <i>niopo
tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LG. &amp; D. <i>nippen</i> to
sip; akin to Dan. <i>nippe</i>, G. <i>nippen</i>.] <def>A sip or
small draught; esp., a draught of intoxicating liquor; a
dram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nipped</u> (?), less properly <u>Nipt</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Nipping</u> (?).] [OE. <i>nipen</i>; cf. D.
<i>niipen</i> to pinch, also <i>knippen</i> to nip, clip, pinch,
snap, <i>knijpen</i> to pinch, LG. <i>knipen</i>, G. <i>kneipen</i>,
<i>kneifen</i>, to pinch, cut off, nip, Lith. <i>knebti</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To catch and inclose or compress tightly
between two surfaces, or points which are brought together or closed;
to pinch; to close in upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>May this hard earth cleave to the Nadir hell,<BR>
Down, down, and close again, and <i>nip</i> me flat,<BR>
If I be such a traitress.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove by pinching, biting, or cutting
with two meeting edges of anything; to clip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The small shoots . . . must be <i>nipped</i>
off.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To blast, as by frost; to check the
growth or vigor of; to destroy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To vex or pain, as by nipping; hence, to
taunt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And sharp remorse his heart did prick and
<i>nip</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To nip in the bud</b></col>, <cd>to cut off at the
verycommencement of growth; to kill in the incipient stage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
seizing or closing in upon; a pinching; as, in the northern seas, the
<i>nip</i> of masses of ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pinch with the nails or teeth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small cut, or a cutting off the
end.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A blast; a killing of the ends of plants
by frost.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A biting sarcasm; a taunt.</def>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A short turn in a
rope.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nip and tuck</b></col>, <cd>a phrase signifying equality
in a contest.</cd> [Low, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Nip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, nips.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fore tooth of a horse. The nippers are
four in number.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A satirist.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pickpocket; a young or petty
thief.</def> [Old Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The cunner.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A European crab
(<i>Polybius Henslowii</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Nip"per*kin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Nip</u>.]
<def>A small cup.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nip"pers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [From 2d
<u>Nip</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Small pinchers for holding,
breaking, or cutting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A device with fingers or
jaws for seizing an object and holding or conveying it; as, in a
printing press, a clasp for catching a sheet and conveying it to the
form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A number of rope-yarns
wound together, used to secure a cable to the messenger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nip"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Biting; pinching;
painful; destructive; as, a <i>nipping</i> frost; a <i>nipping</i>
wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nip"ping*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a nipping
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nip"pi*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. 1st
<u>Nip</u>.] <def>Peculiary strong and good; -- said of ale or
liquor.</def> [Old Cant]</p>

<p><blockquote>'T will make a cup of wine taste
<i>nippitate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nip`pi*ta"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Strong
liquor.</def> [Old Cant]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nip"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly <i>neble</i>,
a dim. of <i>neb</i>. See <u>Neb</u>, <u>Nib</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The protuberance through which milk is drawn from
the breast or mamma; the mammilla; a teat; a pap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The orifice at which any animal liquid, as
the oil from an oil bag, is discharged.</def> [R.]
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any small projection or article in which
there is an orifice for discharging a fluid, or for other purposes;
as, the <i>nipple</i> of a nursing bottle; the <i>nipple</i> of a
percussion lock, or that part on which the cap is put and through
which the fire passes to the charge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A pipe fitting, consisting
of a short piece of pipe, usually provided with a screw thread at
each end, for connecting two other fittings.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Solder nipple</b></col>, <cd>a short pipe, usually of
brass, one end of which is tapered and adapted for attachment to the
end of a lead pipe by soldering.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 977 !></p>

<p><hw>Nip"ple*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A yellow-flowered composite herb (<i>Lampsana communis</i>),
formerly used as an external application to the nipples of women; --
called also <i>dock-cress</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nir*va"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>nirv&amacr;&nsdot;a</i>.] <def>In the Buddhist system of religion,
the final emancipation of the soul from transmigration, and
consequently a beatific enfrachisement from the evils of worldly
existence, as by annihilation or absorption into the divine. See
<u>Buddhism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nis</hw> (?). [From <i>ne is</i>.] <def>Is not.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ni"san</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>n&imacr;s&amacr;n</i>.] <def>The first month of the Jewish
ecclesiastical year, formerly answering nearly to the month of April,
now to March, of the Christian calendar. See <u>Abib</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"sey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nyseys</b></plw>. <def>A simpleton.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ni"si</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Unless; if
not.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In legal proceedings, this word is used to indicate that
any order, etc., shall take effect at a given time, <i>unless</i>
before that time the order, etc., in modified, or something else is
done to prevent its taking effect. Continuance <i>nisi</i> is a
conditional continuance of the case till the next term of the court,
<i>unless</i> otherwise disposed of in the mean time.</p>

<p><col><b>Nisi prius</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>unless before; -- a
phrase applied to terms of court, held generally by a single judge,
with a jury, for the trial of civil causes.  The term originated in a
legal fiction. An issue of fact being made up, it is, according to
the English practice, appointed by the entry on the record, or
written proceedings, to be tried by a jury from the county of which
the proceedings are dated, at Westminster, <i>unless before</i> the
day appointed (<i>nisi prius</i>) the judges shall have come to the
county in question (which they always do) and there try the cause.
See <i>In banc</i>, under <u>Banc</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nis"te</hw> (?). [Contr. from <i>ne wiste</i>.] <def>Wist not;
knew not.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ni"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>niti</i>,
p. p. <i>nisus</i>, to strive.] <def>A striving; an effort; a
conatus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>nisus</i> or energizing towards a presented
object.</blockquote> <i>Hickok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hnitu</i>; akin to
D. <i>neet</i>, G. <i>niss</i>, OHG. <i>niz</i>; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;,
Icel. <i>gnit</i>, Sw. <i>gnet</i>, Dan. <i>gnid</i>, Russ. &amp; Pol.
<i>gnida</i>, Bohem. hnida, W. <i>nedd</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The egg of a louse or other small insect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nit grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a pretty annual
European grass (<i>Gastridium lendigerum</i>), with small spikelets
somewhat resembling a nit. It is also found in California and
Chili.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ni"ten*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nitens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>nitere</i> to shine.] <def>Brightness; luster.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ni"ten*cy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>nitens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>niti</i> to strive.] <def>Endeavor; effort;
tendency.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ni"ter</hw>, <hw>Ni"tre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>nitre</i>, L. <i>nitrum</i> native soda, natron, Gr. &?;; cf.
Ar. <i>nit&umacr;n</i>, <i>natr&umacr;n</i> natron.  Cf.
<u>Natron</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white
crystalline semitransparent salt; potassium nitrate; saltpeter. See
<u>Saltpeter</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Native sodium carbonate;
natron.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For though thou wash thee with <i>niter</i>, and take
thee much soap, yet thine iniquity is marked before me.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. ii. 22.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cubic niter</b></col>, <cd>a deliquescent salt, sodium
nitrate, found as a native incrustation, like niter, in Peru and
Chili, whence it is known also as <i>Chili saltpeter</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Niter bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus
(<i>Nitraria</i>) of thorny shrubs bearing edible berries, and
growing in the saline plains of Asia and Northern Africa.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nith"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Niding</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nit"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nitidus</i>, fr.
<i>nitere</i>. See 3d <u>Neat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bright;
lustrous; shining.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gay; spruce; fine; -- said of
persons.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Reeve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tra*nil"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-</i> +
chlor<i>anil</i> + <i>-ic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or designating, a complex organic acid produced as a white
crystalline substance by the action of nitrous acid on
hydroquinone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*tran"i*line</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-
</i> + <i>aniline</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of
nitro derivatives of aniline. In general they are yellow crystalline
substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nitrate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of nitric acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nitrate of silver</b></col>, <cd>a white crystalline salt
(AgNO<sub>3</sub>), used in photography and as a cauterizing agent; -
- called also <i>lunar caustic</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ni"tra*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Combined, or impregnated, with nitric acid, or
some of its compounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Prepared with nitrate of
silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"tra*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral occurring in transparent crystals, usually of a white,
sometimes of a reddish gray, or lemon-yellow, color; native sodium
nitrate. It is used in making nitric acid and for manure. Called also
<i>soda niter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Niter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"tri*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Niter</u>.]
<def>An artificial bed of animal matter for the manufacture of niter
by nitrification. See <u>Nitrification</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nitrique</i>. See <u>Niter</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or containing, nitrogen; specifically, designating any
one of those compounds in which, as contrasted with <i>nitrous</i>
compounds, the element has a higher valence; as, <i>nitric</i> oxide;
<i>nitric</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nitric acid</b></col>, <cd>a colorless or yellowish liquid
obtained by distilling a nitrate with sulphuric acid. It is
powerfully corrosive, being a strong acid, and in decomposition a
strong oxidizer.</cd> -- <col><b>Nitric anhydride</b></col>, <cd>a
white crystalline oxide of nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>),
called <i>nitric pentoxide</i>, and regarded as the anhydride of
nitric acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Nitric oxide</b></col>, <cd>a colorless
poisous gas (NO) obtained by treating nitric acid with copper. On
contact with the air or with oxygen, it becomes reddish brown from
the formation of nitric dioxide or peroxide.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ni"tride</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[from<u>Nitrogen</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A binary compound of
nitrogen with a more metallic element or radical; as, boric
<i>nitride</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*trif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Niter</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing niter; yielding, or containing,
niter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nitrification</i>. see <u>Nitrify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act, process, or result
of combining with nitrogen or some of its compounds.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act or process of oxidizing nitrogen or
its compounds so as to form nitrous or nitric acid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A process of oxidation, in which
nitrogenous vegetable and animal matter in the presence of air,
moisture, and some basic substances, as lime or alkali carbonate, is
converted into nitrates.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The process is going on at all times in porous soils and in
water contaminated with nitrogenous matter, and is supposed to be due
to the presence of an organized ferment or ferments, called
<i>nitrification ferments</i>. In former times the process was
extensively made use of in the production of saltpeter.</p>

<p><hw>Ni"tri*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An agent employed in nitrification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"tri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nitrified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nitrifying</u> (?).] [<i>Niter</i> + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F.
<i>nitrifer</i>. See <u>Niter</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To combine or
impregnate with nitrogen; to convert, by oxidation, into nitrous or
nitric acid; to subject to, or produce by, nitrification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"trile</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Nitro-
</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of cyanogen compounds;
particularly, one of those cyanides of alcohol radicals which, by
boiling with acids or alkalies, produce a carboxyl acid, with the
elimination of the nitrogen as ammonia.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The nitriles are named with reference to the acids produced
by their decomposition, thus, hydrocyanic acid is <i>formic
nitrile</i>, and methyl cyanide is <i>acetic nitrile</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ni"trite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nitrite</i>. See <u>Niter</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of
nitrous acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Amyl nitrite</b></col>, <cd>a yellow oily volatile liquid,
used in medicine as a depressant and a vaso-dilator. Its inhalation
produces an instantaneous flushing of the face.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ni"tro-</hw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A combining form
or an adjective denoting the presence of <i>niter</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (used also
adjectively) designating <i>certain compounds of nitrogen</i> or
<i>of its acids</i>, as <i>nitro</i>hydrochloric,
<i>nitro</i>calcite; also, designating the <i>group</i> or <i>radical
NO<sub>2</sub></i>, or <i>its compounds</i>, as
<i>nitro</i>benzene.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nitro group</b></col>, <cd>the radical NO<sub>2</sub>; --
called also <i>nitroxyl</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*ben"zene</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-
</i> + <i>benzene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow aromatic liquid
(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.NO<sub>2</sub>), produced by the action
of nitric acid on benzene, and called from its odor <i>imitation oil
of bitter almonds</i>, or <i>essence of mirbane</i>. It is used in
perfumery, and is manufactured in large quantities in the preparation
of aniline. Fornerly called also <i>nitrobenzol</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ni`tro*ben"zol</hw>, <hw>Ni`tro*ben"zole</hw>, (&?; or &?;)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Nitrobenzene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*cal"cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-</i>
+ <i>calcite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Nitrate of calcium, a substance
having a grayish white color, occuring in efflorescences on old
walls, and in limestone caves, especially where there exists decaying
animal matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*car"bol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-</i> +
<i>carbon</i> + L. <i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Nitromethane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*cel"lu*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-
</i> + <i>cellulose</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <i>Gun cotton</i>,
under <u>Gun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro-chlo"ro*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-
</i> + <i>chloroform</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Chlorpicrin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"tro*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-</i> +
<i>form</i>yl.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nitro derivative of methane,
analogous to chloroform, obtained as a colorless oily or crystalline
substance, CH.(NO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, quite explosive, and
having well-defined acid properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*gel"a*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-</i>
+ <i>gelatin</i>.] <def>An explosive consisting of gun cotton and
camphor dissolved in nitroglycerin.</def> [Written also
<i>nitrogelatine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nitrum</i>
natron + <i>-gen</i>: cf. F. <i>nitrog&egrave;ne</i>. See
<u>Niter</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless nonmetallic element,
tasteless and odorless, comprising four fifths of the atmosphere by
volume. It is chemically very inert in the free state, and as such is
incapable of supporting life (hence the name <i>azote</i> still used
by French chemists); but it forms many important compounds, as
ammonia, nitric acid, the cyanides, etc, and is a constituent of all
organized living tissues, animal or vegetable. Symbol N. Atomic
weight 14. It was formerly regarded as a permanent noncondensible
gas, but was liquefied in 1877 by Cailletet of Paris, and Pictet of
Geneva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"tro*gen*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Nitrogenized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Nitrogenizing</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To combine,
or impregnate, with nitrogen or its compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*trog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, nitrogen; as, a
<i>nitrogenous</i> principle; <i>nitrogenous</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nitrogenous foods</b></col>. <cd>See 2d Note under
<u>Food</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*glyc"er*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-
</i> + <i>glycerinn</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid appearing like
a heavy oil, colorless or yellowish, and consisting of a mixture of
several glycerin salts of nitric acid, and hence more properly called
<i>glycerin nitrate</i>. It is made by the action of nitric acid on
glycerin in the presence of sulphuric acid. It is extremely unstable
and terribly explosive. A very dilute solution is used in medicine as
a neurotic under the name of <i>glonion</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>nitroglycerine</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; A great number of explosive compounds have been produced by
mixing nitroglycerin with different substances; as, <i>dynamite</i>,
or <i>giant powder</i>, nitroglycerin mixed with siliceous earth;
<i>lithofracteur</i>, nitroglycerin with gunpowder, or with sawdust
and nitrate of sodium or barium; <i>Colonia powder</i>, gunpowder
with nitroglycerin; <i>dualin</i>, nitroglycerin with sawdust, or
with sawdust and nitrate of potassium and some other substances;
<i>lignose</i>, wood fiber and nitroglycerin.</p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*hy`dro*chlo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Nitro-</i> + <i>hydrochloric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or containing, nitric and hydrochloric
acids.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nitrohydrochloric acid</b></col>, <cd>a mixture of nitric
and hydrochloric acids, usually in the proportion of one part of the
former to three of the latter, and remarkable for its solvent action
on gold and platinum; -- called also <i>nitromuriatic acid</i>, and
<i>aqua regia</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ni"trol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any
one of a series of hydrocarbons containing the nitro and the nitroso
or isonitroso group united to the same carbon atom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*tro"le*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>nitrum</i> natron + <i>oleum</i> oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Nitroglycerin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*trol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, derived from, or designating, a nitrol; as, a
<i>nitrolic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*mag"ne*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-
</i> + <i>magnesite</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Nitrate of magnesium, a
saline efflorescence closely resembling nitrate of calcium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*trom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>nitrom&egrave;tre</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An apparatus for determining the amount of nitrogen or some of
its compounds in any substance subjected to analysis; an
azotometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*meth"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-</i>
+ <i>methane</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nitro derivative of methane
obtained as a mobile liquid; -- called also
<i>nitrocarbol</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*mu`ri*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nitromuriatique</i>. See <u>Nitro-</u>, and <u>Muriatic</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or composed of, nitric acid
and muriatic acid; nitrohydrochloric. See
<u>Nitrohydrochloric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*ph"nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-</i> +
<i>phenol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of nitro
derivatives of phenol. They are yellow oily or crystalline substances
and have well-defined acid properties, as picric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*prus"sic</hw> (? or &?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Nitro-</i> + <i>prussic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
derived from, or designating, a complex acid called
<i>nitroprussic</i> acid, obtained indirectly by the action of nitric
acid on potassium ferrocyanide (yellow prussiate), as a red
crystalline unstable substance. It forms salts called
<i>nitroprussides</i>, which give a rich purple color with alkaline
sulphides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*prus"side</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Nitroprussic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*qui"nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-</i> +
<i>quine</i> + <i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical nitro
derivative of quinol or hydroquinone, not known in the free state,
but forming a well defined series of derivatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*sac"cha*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-
</i> + <i>saccharin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An explosive nitro
derivative of certain sugars, analogous to nitroglycerin, gun cotton,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*sal`i*cyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-
</i> + <i>salicylic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, a nitro derivative of salicylic acid, called also
<i>anilic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*trose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Nitrous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*tro"so-</hw> <def> (&?; or &?;). <i>(Chem.)</i> A prefix
(also used adjectively) designating the group or radical NO, called
the <i>nitroso group</i>, or its compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*tro"syl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitroso-</i> +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>the radical NO, called also the
<i>nitroso group</i>.  The term is sometimes loosely used to
designate certain nitro compounds; as, <i>nitrosyl</i> sulphuric
acid. Used also adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni`tro*syl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or containing, nitrosyl; as,
<i>nitrosylic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nitrosus</i>
full of natron: cf. F. <i>nitreux</i>. See <u>Niter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or containing, niter; of
the quality of niter, or resembling it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, any one of those compounds in which nitrogen has a
relatively lower valence as contrasted with nitric
compounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nitrous acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a hypothetical
acid of nitrogen HNO<sub>2</sub>, not known in the free state, but
forming a well known series of salts, viz., the <i>nitrites</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Nitrous oxide</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Laughing
gas</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ni*trox"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-</i> +
<i>ox</i>ygen + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The group
NO<sub>2</sub>, usually called the <i>nitro group</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ni"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., natron. See
<u>Niter</u>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Niter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Nitrum flammans</b></col> [L., flaming niter] <i>(Old
Chem.)</i>, <cd>ammonium nitrate; -- probably so called because it
deflagerates when suddenly heated.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ni"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Nitrous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ni"tryl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nitro-</i> + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A name sometimes given to the nitro
group or radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Nit</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The horse louse; an insect that deposits
nits on horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nit"ti*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Lousily.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nit"tings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Prob. from
<u>Nit</u>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The refuse of good ore.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nit"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of nits.</def>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nit"ty</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nitidus</i>. See
<u>Nitid</u>.] <def>Shining; elegant; spruce.</def> [Obs.] "O sweet,
<i>nitty</i> youth."  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ni"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nivalis</i>, fr.
<i>nix</i>, <i>nivis</i>, snow.] <def>Abounding with snow;
snowy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Niv"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>niveus</i>,
fr. <i>nix</i>, <i>nivis</i>, snow.] <def>Snowy; resembling snow;
partaking of the qualities of snow.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ni`vose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>nix</i>. <i>nivis</i>, snow.] <def>The fourth month of the French
republican calendar [1792-1806]. It commenced December 21, and ended
January 19. See <u>Vend&Eacute;miaire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <pos><i>fem.</i></pos>
<u>Nixe</u> (&?;). [G.  Cf. 1st <u>Nick</u>.] <i>(Teut. Myth.)</i>
<def>One of a class of water spirits, commonly described as of a
mischievous disposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The treacherous <i>nixes</i> who entice men to a
watery death.</blockquote> <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nix"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Nix</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ni*zam"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. &amp; Ar.
<i>niz&amacr;m</i> order, a ruler, fr. Ar. <i>nazama</i> arrange,
govern.] <def>The title of the native sovereigns of Hyderabad, in
India, since 1719.</def></p>

<p><hw>No</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>no</i>, <i>non</i>,
the same word as E. <i>none</i>; cf. E. <i>a</i>, <i>an</i>. See
<u>None</u>.] <def>Not any; not one; none.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let there be <i>no</i> strife . . . between me and
thee.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xiii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That goodness is <i>no</i> name, and happiness
<i>no</i> dream.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In Old England before a vowel the form <i>non</i> or
<i>noon</i> was used. "<i>No</i> man." "<i>Noon</i> apothercary."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 978 !></p>

<p><hw>No</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>no</i>, <i>na</i>, AS.
<i>n&amacr;</i>; <i>ne</i> not + <i>&amacr;</i> ever. AS. <i>ne</i>
is akin to OHG. <i>ni</i>, Goth. <i>ni</i>, Russ. <i>ne</i>, Ir.,
Gael. &amp; W. <i>ni</i>, L. <i>ne</i>, Gr. <grk>nh</grk> (in comp.),
Skr. <i>na</i>, and also to E. prefix <i>un-</i>. &radic; 193. See
<u>Aye</u>, and cf. <u>Nay</u>, <u>Not</u>, <u>Nice</u>,
<u>Nefarious</u>.] <def>Nay; not; not at all; not in any respect or
degree; -- a word expressing negation, denial, or refusal. Before or
after another negative, <i>no</i> is emphatic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We do <i>no</i> otherwise than we are
willed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am perplx'd and doubtful whether or <i>no</i><BR>
I dare accept this your congratulation.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is none righteous, <i>no</i>, not
one.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iii. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>No</i>! Nay, Heaven forbid.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>No</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Noes</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A refusal by
use of the wordd <i>no</i>; a denial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A negative vote; one who votes in the
negative; as, to call for the ayes and <i>noes</i>; the <i>noes</i>
have it.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*a"chi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the patriarch Noah, or to his time.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"ah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>N&omacr;akh</i>
rest.] <def>A patriarch of Biblical history, in the time of the
Deluge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Noah's ark</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A marine bivalve shell (<i>Arca
No&aelig;</i>), which somewhat resembles an ark, or ship, in
form.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A child's toy, consisting of an
ark-shaped box containing many different wooden animals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Knob</u>.] <def>The
head.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Nob</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr. <i>noble</i>.]
<def>A person in a superior position in life; a nobleman.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Nob"bi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a nobby
manner.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Nob"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dram of
spirits.</def> [Australia]</p>

<p><hw>Nob"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 2d <u>Nob</u>.]
<def>Stylish; modish; elegant; showy; aristocratic;
fashionable.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>No*bil"ia*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>nobiliare</i>. See <u>Noble</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
nobility.</def>  <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>No*bil"ia*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A history of
noble families.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*bil"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nobilis</i> noble + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To make noble; to
nobiliate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>No*bil"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nobilitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>nobilitare</i>.] <def>To make noble;
to ennoble; to exalt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>No*bil`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>nobilitation</i>.] <def>The act of making noble.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>No*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nobilitas</i>: cf. OF. <i>nobilit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Noble</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being noble;
superiority of mind or of character; commanding excellence;
eminence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though she hated Amphialus, yet the <i>nobility</i> of
her courage prevailed over it.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They thought it great their sovereign to control,<BR>
And named their pride <i>nobility</i> of soul.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being of high rank or noble
birth; patrician dignity; antiquity of family; distinction by rank,
station, or title, whether inherited or conferred.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I fell on the same argument of preferring virtue to
<i>nobility</i> of blood and titles, in the story of
Sigismunda.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Those who are noble; the collective body
of nobles or titled persons in a state; the aristocratic and
patrician class; the peerage; as, the English
<i>nobility</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Nobler</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Noblest</u> (?).] [F. <i>noble</i>, fr.
L. <i>nobilis</i> that can be or is known, well known, famous,
highborn, noble, fr. <i>noscere</i> to know. See <u>know</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing eminence, elevation, dignity,
etc.; above whatever is low, mean, degrading, or dishonorable;
magnanimous; as, a <i>noble</i> nature or action; a <i>noble</i>
heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Statues, with winding ivy crowned, belong<BR>
To <i>nobler</i> poets for a <i>nobler</i> song.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Grand; stately; magnificent; splendid; as,
a <i>noble</i> edifice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of exalted rank; of or pertaining to the
nobility; distinguished from the masses by birth, station, or title;
highborn; as, <i>noble</i> blood; a <i>noble</i> personage.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Noble</i> is used in the formation of self-explaining
compounds; as, <i>noble</i>-born, <i>noble</i>-hearted, <i>noble</i>-
minded.</p>

<p><col><b>Noble metals</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>silver, gold,
and platinum; -- so called from their freedom from oxidation and
permanence in air. Copper, mercury, aluminium, palladium, rhodium,
iridium, and osmium are sometimes included.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Honorable; worthy; dignified; elevated; exalted;
superior; sublime; great; eminent; illustrious; renowned; stately;
splendid; magnificent; grand; magnanimous; generous; liberal;
free.</p>

<p><hw>No"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
person of rank above a commoner; a nobleman; a peer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An English money of account, and,
formerly, a gold coin, of the value of 6 s. 8 d. sterling, or about
$1.61.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European fish; the
lyrie.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make noble; to
ennoble.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>nobledest</i> so far forth our
nature.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"ble*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Noblemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One of the nobility; a noble;
a peer; one who enjoys rank above a commoner, either by virtue of
birth, by office, or by patent.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"ble-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
noble mind; honorable; magnanimous.</def> -- <wf>No"ble-
mind`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>No"ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being noble; greatness; dignity; magnanimity; elevation of
mind, character, or station; nobility; grandeur;
stateliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His purposes are full honesty, <i>nobleness</i>, and
integrity.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>No*bless"</hw>, <hw>No*blesse"</hw>  } (?; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>noblesse</i>. See <u>Noble</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dignity; greatness; noble birth or
condition.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Spenser. B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The nobility; persons of noble rank
collectively, including males and females.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"ble*wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Noblewomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A female of noble rank; a
peeress.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"bley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>nobleie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The body of nobles; the nobility.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Noble birth; nobility; dignity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of noble extraction; as, <i>nobly</i> born or
descended.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a noble manner; with greatness of soul;
heroically; with magnanimity; as, a deed <i>nobly</i> done.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Splendidly; magnificently.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Illustriously; honorably; magnanimously;
heroically; worthly; eminently; grandly.</p>

<p><hw>No"bod*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nobodies</b></plw> (#). [<i>No</i>, a. + <i>body</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>No person; no one; not anybody.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>A person of no influence or
importance; an insignificant or contemptible person.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>No"cake</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. Indian
<i>nookhik</i> meal. <i>Palfrey.</i>] <def>Indian corn parched, and
beaten to powder, -- used for food by the Northern American
Indians.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nocens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>nocere</i> to hurt. See <u>Nuisance</u>, <u>Noxious</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Doing hurt, or having a tendency to hurt;
hurtful; mischievous; noxious; as, <i>nocent</i> qualities.</def>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Guilty; -- the opposite of
<i>innocent</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"cent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A criminal.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"cent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Hurtfully;
injuriously.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>No"cive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nocivus</i>, fr.
<i>nocere</i> to hurt.] <def>Hurtful; injurious.</def> [R.]
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Notch</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A notch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He took his arrow by the <i>nock</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The upper fore corner of a
boom sail or of a trysail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To notch; to fit to
the string, as an arrow; to string, as a bow.</def>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noc*tam`bu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nox</i>, <i>noctis</i>, night + <i>ambulare</i> to walk: cf. F.
<i>noctambulation</i>.] <def>Somnambulism; walking in sleep.</def>
<i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noc*tam"bu*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Somnambulism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noc*tam"bu*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
somnambulist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noc*tam"bu*lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
noctambulist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Noc*tid"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nox</i>,
<i>noctos</i>, night + <i>dies</i> day.] <def>Comprising a night and
a day; a <i>noctidial</i> day.</def> [R.]  <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noc*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>noctifer</i>; <i>nox</i>, <i>noctis + ferre</i> to bring.]
<def>Bringing night.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noc*til"i*o*nid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American bat of the
genus <i>Noctilio</i>, having cheek pouches and large incisor
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Noc`ti*lu"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Noctiluc&AElig;</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>noctiluca</i> something
that shines by night, fr. <i>nox</i>, <i>noctis</i>, night +
<i>lucere</i> to shine, <i>lux</i> light.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i> <def>That which shines at night; -- a fanciful name for
phosphorus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine
flagellate Infusoria, remarkable for their unusually large size and
complex structure, as well as for their phosphorescence. The
brilliant diffuse phosphorescence of the sea is often due to myriads
of Noctiluc&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noc*ti*lu"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fatlike substance in certain marine
animals, to which they owe their phosphorescent properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noc`ti*lu"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to Noctiluca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noc`ti*lu"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shining in
the night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noc*tiv"a*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nox</i>,
<i>noctis</i>, night + <i>vagans</i>, p. pr. of <i>vagari</i> to
wander about.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Going about in the night;
night-wandering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noc*tiv`a*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A roving
or going about in the night.</def>  <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noc*tiv"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>noctivagus</i>; <i>nox</i>, <i>noctis + vagus</i> wandering.]
<def>Noctivagant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noc"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nox</i>,
<i>noctis</i>, night + <i>-graph</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind
of writing frame for the blind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument or register which records
the presence of watchmen on their beats.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noc"tu*a*ry</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>noctu</i> by night.] <def>A record of what passes in the night; a
nightly journal; -- distinguished from <i>diary</i>.</def> [R.]
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noc"tu*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>nox</i>,
<i>noctis</i>, night.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
moths of the family <i>Noctuid&aelig;</i>, or
<i>Noctu&aelig;lit&aelig;</i>, as the cutworm moths, and armyworm
moths; -- so called because they fly at night.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the noctuids, or family
<i>Noctuid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noc"tule</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>noctua</i> a night owl, fr. <i>nox</i>, <i>noctis</i>, night.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large European bat (<i>Vespertilio, or
Noctulina, altivolans</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Noc"turn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>nocturne</i>,
fr. L. <i>nocturnus</i>. See <u>Nocturnal</u>, and cf.
<u>Nocturne</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An office of devotion, or
act of religious service, by night.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the portions into which the Psalter
was divided, each consisting of nine psalms, designed to be used at a
night service.</def>  <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noc*tur"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nocturnalis</i>, <i>nocturnus</i>, fr. <i>nox</i>, <i>noctis</i>,
night. See <u>Night</u>, and cf. <u>Nocturn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of, pertaining to, done or occuring in, the night; as,
<i>nocturnal</i> darkness, cries, expedition, etc.; -- opposed to
<i>diurnal</i>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a habit of seeking food or moving
about at night; as, <i>nocturnal</i> birds and insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noc*tur"nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
formerly used for taking the altitude of the stars, etc., at
sea.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noc*tur"nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By night;
nightly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noc*turne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Nocturn</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A night piece, or serenade. The
name is now used for a certain graceful and expressive form of
instrumental composition, as the nocturne for orchestra in
Mendelsohn's "Midsummer-Night's Dream" music.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noc"u*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>nocumentum</i>, fr. L. <i>nocere</i> to hurt.] <def>Harm; injury;
detriment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Noc"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nocuus</i>,
fr. <i>nocere</i> to hurt.] <def>Hurtful; noxious.</def> [R.] --
<wf>Noc"u*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Nod</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nodden</i>; cf.
OHG. <i>kn&?;t&?;n</i>, ge<i>nuot&?;n</i>, to shake, and E.
<i>nudge</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bend or incline the upper
part, with a quick motion; as, <i>nodding</i> plumes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To incline the head with a quick motion;
to make a slight bow; to make a motion of assent, of salutation, or
of drowsiness, with the head; as, to <i>nod</i> at one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be drowsy or dull; to be
careless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor is it Homer <i>nods</i>, but we that
dream.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nod</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nodded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nodding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To incline or bend, as the
head or top; to make a motion of assent, of salutation, or of
drowsiness with; as, to <i>nod</i> the head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To signify by a nod; as, to <i>nod</i>
approbation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to bend.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>By every wind that <i>nods</i> the mountain
pine.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
dropping or bending forward of the upper part or top of
anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a drunken sailor on a mast,<BR>
Ready with every <i>nod</i> to tumble down.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quick or slight downward or forward
motion of the head, in assent, in familiar salutation, in drowsiness,
or in giving a signal, or a command.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A look or a <i>nod</i> only ought to correct them [the
children] when they do amiss.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nations obey my word and wait my
<i>nod</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The land of Nod</b></col>, <cd>sleep.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nod"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of,
or relating to, a node; as, a <i>nodal</i> point.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nodal line</b></col>, <col><b>Nodal point</b></col>,
<cd>in a vibrating plate or cord, that line or point which remains at
rest while the other parts of the body are in a state of
vibration.</cd></p>

<p><hw>No"da*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nodatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>nodare</i> to make knotty, fr. <i>nodus</i> knot. See
<u>Node</u>.] <def>Knotted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nodated hyperbola</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a certain
curve of the third order having two branches which cross each other,
forming a node.</cd></p>

<p><hw>No*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nodatio</i>
knottiness.] <def>Act of making a knot, or state of being
knotted.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Nod"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who nods; a
drowsy person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nod"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Curved so that
the apex hangs down; having the top bent downward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nod"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nodil</i>,
<i>nodle</i>; perh. fr. <i>nod</i>, because the head is the nodding
part of the body, or perh. akin to E. <i>knot</i>; cf. Prov. E.
<i>nod</i> the nape of the neck.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The head; -
- used jocosely or contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, master, I have a project in my
<i>noddle</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The back part of the head or neck.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For occasion . . . turneth a bald <i>noddle</i>, after
she hath presented her locks in front, and no hold
taken.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nod"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Noddies</b></plw> (#). [Prob. fr. <i>nod</i> to incline the
head, either as in assent, or from drowsiness.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A simpleton; a fool.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any tern of the genus <i>Anous</i>, as <i>A. stolidus</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The arctic fulmar (<i>Fulmarus
glacialis</i>). Sometimes also applied to other sea birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An old game at cards.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small two-wheeled one-horse
vehicle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An inverted pendulum consisting of a short
vertical flat spring which supports a rod having a bob at the top; --
used for detecting and measuring slight horizontal vibrations of a
body to which it is attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Node</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nodus</i>; perh.
akin to E. <i>knot</i>.  Cf. <u>Noose</u>, <u>Nowed</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A knot, a knob; a protuberance; a
swelling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the two points where the orbit of a
planet, or comet, intersects the ecliptic, or the orbit of a
satellite intersects the plane of the orbit of its primary.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The joint of a stem, or the
part where a leaf or several leaves are inserted.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Dialing)</i> <def>A hole in the gnomon of a
dial, through which passes the ray of light which marks the hour of
the day, the parallels of the sun's declination, his place in the
ecliptic, etc.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The
point at which a curve crosses itself, being a double point of the
curve. See <u>Crunode</u>, and <u>Acnode</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The point at which the lines
of a funicular machine meet from different angular directions; --
called also <i>knot</i>.</def> <i>W. R. Johnson.</i>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(poet.)</i> <def>The knot, intrigue, or plot
of a piece.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A hard
concretion or incrustation which forms upon bones attacked with
rheumatism, gout, or syphilis; sometimes also, a swelling in the
neighborhood of a joint.</def> <i>Dunglison.</i> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd>
<i>(Mus)</i> <def>One of the fixed points of a sonorous string, when
it vibrates by aliquot parts, and produces the harmonic tones; nodal
line or point.</def> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
swelling.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ascending node</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the node at
which the body is passing northerly, marked with the symbol
&astascending;, called the <i>Dragon's head</i>. Called also
<i>northern node</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Descending node</b></col>,
<cd>the node at which the body is moving southwardly, marked thus
&astdescending;, called <i>Dragon's tail</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Line of
nodes</b></col>, <cd>a straight line joining the two nodes of an
orbit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nod"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the nodes; from a node to the same node again; as, the
<i>nodical</i> revolutions of the moon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nodical month</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Lunar month</i>, under
<u>Month</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>No`do*sa"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling in form or structure a
foraminiferous shell of the genus <i>Nodosaria</i>.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A foraminifer of the
genus <i>Nodosaria</i> or of an allied genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*dose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nodosus</i>,
fr. <i>nodus</i> knot.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Knotty; having
numerous or conspicuous nodes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having nodes or
prominences; having the alternate joints enlarged, as the
antenn&aelig; of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*dos"i*ty</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nodositas</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being
knotty or nodose; resemblance to a node or swelling;
knottiness.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A knot; a node.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>No*do"sous</hw> (?), <hw>No"dous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nodose; knotty; knotted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nod"u*lar</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nodulaire</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or in the form of, a
nodule or knot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nod"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nodulus</i>,
dim. of <i>nodus</i> knot: cf. F. <i>nodule</i>.] <def>A rounded mass
or irregular shape; a little knot or lump.</def></p>

<p><! p. 979 !></p>

<p><hw>Nod"uled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having little
knots or lumps.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nod"u*lose`</hw> (?), <hw>Nod"u*lous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having small nodes or knots;
diminutively nodose.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>no&euml;l</i>, L.
<i>natalis</i> birthday, fr. <i>natalis</i> natal. See <u>Natal</u>.]
<def>Same as <u>Nowel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*e`ma*tach"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
the understanding + &?; swiftness + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An
instrument for determining and registering the duration of more or
less complex operations of the mind.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>No`e*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>No`e*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the understanding. See <u>Noetic</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the understanding.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>No*e"mics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
understanding. See <u>Noetic</u>.] <def>The science of the
understanding; intellectual science.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*e"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of the followers of <i>Noetus</i>, who lived in the third
century. He denied the distinct personality of the Father, Son, and
Holy Ghost.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>No*et"ic</hw> (?), <hw>No*et"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to perceive, &?; mind,
intellect.] <def>Of or pertaining to the intellect;
intellectual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would employ the word <i>noetic</i> to express all
those cognitions which originate in the mind itself.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nof</hw> (?). [Contr. fr. <i>ne of</i>.] <def>Not of; nor
of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>noggin</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A noggin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of strong ale.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nog</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wooden block, of the size of a brick,
built into a wall, as a hold for the nails of woodwork.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the square logs of wood used in a
pile to support the roof of a mine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A treenail to fasten
the shores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nog</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From 2d <u>Nog</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fill in, as between scantling, with
brickwork.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>To fasten, as
shores, with treenails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nog"gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prop., made of hemp,
fr. Prov. E. <i>nogs</i> hemp.] <def>Made of hemp; hence, hard;
rough; harsh.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nog"gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>noigin</i>, or
Gael. <i>noigean</i>.  Cf. lst <u>Nog</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
small mug or cup.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measure equivalent to a gill.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Nog"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Nog</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Rough brick masonry used to fill in the
interstices of a wooden frame, in building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noght</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noi"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr. OE.
<i>anoiance</i>.] [Written also <i>noyance</i>.]
<def>Annoyance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noie</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To annoy. See
<u>Noy</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Noi"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An annoyer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noils</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>Waste and knots of wool removed by the comb; combings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noint</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To anoint.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noi"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Annoying;
troublesome.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Noise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>noise</i> noisy
strife, quarrel, brawl, fr. L. <i>nausea</i> seasickness, sickness,
disgust. See <u>Nausea</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sound of any kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heavens turn about in a most rapid motion without
<i>noise</i><BR>
to us perceived.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Noise</i> is either a sound of too short a duration to
be determined, like the report of a cannon; or else it is a confused
mixture of many discordant sounds, like the rolling of thunder or the
noise of the waves. Nevertheless, the difference between <i>sound</i>
and <i>noise</i> is by no means precise.  <i>Ganot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, loud, confused, or senseless
sound; clamor; din.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Loud or continuous talk; general talk or
discussion; rumor; report.</def> "The <i>noise</i> goes."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>noise</i> have we had about transplantation of
diseases and transfusion of blood!</blockquote> <i>T. Baker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Soerates lived in Athens during the great plague which
has made so much <i>noise</i> in all ages.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Music, in general; a concert; also, a
company of musicians; a band.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king has his <i>noise</i> of gypsies.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cry; outcry; clamor; din; clatter; uproar.</p>

<p><hw>Noise</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sound; to make a
noise.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noise</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Noised</u> (?); <pos><i>p pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Noising</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To spread by rumor or
report.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All these sayings were <i>noised</i>
abroad.</blockquote> <i>Luke i. 65.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disturb with noise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noise"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Loud;
clamorous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noise"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making, or causing,
no noise or bustle; without noise; silent; as, the <i>noiseless</i>
foot of time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>noiseless</i> would I live.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Noise"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Noise"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Noi*sette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
hybrid rose produced in 1817, by a French gardener, <i>Noisette</i>,
of Charleston, South Carolina, from the China rose and the musk rose.
It has given rise to many fine varieties, as the <i>Lamarque</i>, the
<i>Marechal (or Marshal) Niel</i>, and the <i>Cloth of gold</i>. Most
roses of this class have clustered flowers and are of vigorous
growth.</def>  <i>P. Henderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nois"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a noisy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nois"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being noisy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noi"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>noysome</i>,
fr. <i>noy</i> for <i>annoy</i>. See <u>Annoy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Noxious to health; hurtful; mischievous;
unwholesome; insalubrious; destructive; as, <i>noisome</i>
effluvia.</def> "<i>Noisome</i> pestilence."  <i>Ps. xci. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Offensive to the smell or other senses;
disgusting; fetid.</def> "Foul breath is <i>noisome</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Noi"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Noi"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Noxious; unwholesome; insalubrious; mischievous;
destructive.  -- <u>Noisome</u>, <u>Noxious</u>. These words have to
a great extent been interchanged; but there is a tendency to make a
distinction between them, applying <i>noxious</i> to things that
inflict evil directly; as, a <i>noxious</i> plant, <i>noxious</i>
practices, etc., and <i>noisome</i> to things that operate with a
remoter influence; as, <i>noisome</i> vapors, a <i>noisome</i>
pestilence, etc. <i>Noisome</i> has the additional sense of
<i>disqusting</i>.  A garden may be free from <i>noxious</i> weeds or
animals; but, if recently covered with manure, it may be filled with
a <i>noisome</i> smell.</p>

<p><hw>Nois"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Noisier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Noisiest</u>.] [From <u>Noise</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Making a noise, esp. a loud sound; clamorous;
vociferous; turbulent; boisterous; as, the <i>noisy</i>
crowd.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of noise.</def> "The <i>noisy</i>
town."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nol"de</hw> (?). [Contr. fr. <i>ne wolde</i>.] <def>Would
not.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Noll</u>.]
<def>The head.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||No"li-me-tan"ge*re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., touch
me not.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
plant of a genus of herbs (<i>Impatiens</i>) having capsules which,
if touched when ripe, discharge their seeds. -- See
<u>Impatiens</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The squirting
cucumber. See under <u>Cucumber</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A name formerly applied to
several varieties of ulcerous cutaneous diseases, but now restricted
to <i>Lupus exedens</i>, an ulcerative affection of the
nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*li"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nolle</i> not
to will, to be unwilling; <i>ne + velle</i> to will, to be willing.]
<def>Adverse action of will; unwillingness; -- opposed to
<i>volition</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>nolition</i> and a direct enmity against the
lust.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nol</i>, AS.
<i>hnoll</i> top; akin to OHG. <i>hnol</i> top, head.] <def>The head;
the noddle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nol*le"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nolle</i> to
be unwilling.] <def>The state of being unwilling; nolition.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Nol"le pros"e*qui</hw> (?). [L., to be unwilling to
prosecute.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Will not prosecute; -- an entry on the
record, denoting that a plaintiff discontinues his suit, or the
attorney for the public a prosecution; either wholly, or as to some
count, or as to some of several defendants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||No"lo con*ten"de*re</hw> (?). [L., I do not wish to
contend.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A plea, by the defendant, in a criminal
prosecution, which, without admitting guilt, subjects him to all the
consequences of a plea of guilty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nol. pros.</hw> <def>An abbrev. of <u>Nolle
prosequi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nol`-pros"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>-prossed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>-prossing</u>.] <def>To discontinue by entering a
<i>nolle prosequi</i>; to decline to prosecute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nolt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>Neat
cattle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Nom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Noun</u>.]
<def>Name.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Nom de guerre</b></col> (&?;), <cd>literally, war name;
hence, a fictitious name, or one assumed for a time.</cd> --
<col><b>||Nom de plume</b></col> (&?;), <cd>literally, pen name;
hence, a name assumed by an author as his or her signature.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||No"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
lit., a feeding. See <u>Name</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Canker</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nomas</i>, <i>-
adis</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, pasturing, roaming without fixed home, fr.
&?; a pasture, allotted abode, fr. &?; to distribute, allot, drive to
pasture; prob. akin to AS. <i>niman</i> to take, and E.
<i>nimble</i>: cf. F. <i>nomade</i>.  Cf. <u>Astronomy</u>,
<u>Economy</u>, <u>Nimble</u>, <u>Nemesis</u>, <u>Numb</u>,
<u>Number</u>.] <def>One of a race or tribe that has no fixed
location, but wanders from place to place in search of pasture or
game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"ad</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Roving;
nomadic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"ade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Nomad</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>No*ma"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nomad.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>No*mad"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Nomad</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to nomads, or their way of life;
wandering; moving from place to place for subsistence; as, a
<i>nomadic</i> tribe.</def> -- <wf>No*mad"ic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nom"ad*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a nomad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"ad*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Nomadized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Nomadizing</u> (?).] <def>To lead the life of a
nomad; to wander with flocks and herds for the sake of finding
pasturage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Vogules <i>nomadize</i> chiefly about the Rivers
Irtish, Obi, Kama, and Volga.</blockquote> <i>W. Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"man*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nomancie</i>, <i>nomance</i>, abbrev. fr. <i>onomancie</i>. See
<u>Onomancy</u>.] <def>The art or practice of divining the destiny of
persons by the letters which form their names.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"-man's` land`</hw> (?).  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A space amidships used to keep blocks, ropes, etc.; a space on a
ship belonging to no one in particular to care for.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: An unclaimed space or
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>no-man's land</i> of twilight.</blockquote>
<i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nom"arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a district +
<i>-arch</i>.] <def>The chief magistrate of a nome or
nomarchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"arch*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nomarchies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A province or territorial
division of a kingdom, under the rule of a nomarch, as in modern
Greece; a nome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"bles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>nombles</i>, fr. L. <i>lumbulus</i>, dim. of <i>lumbus</i> a loin.
Cf. <u>Numbles</u>, <u>Umbles</u>, <u>Humbles</u>.] <def>The entrails
of a deer; the umbles.</def> [Written also <i>numbles</i>.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nom"bril</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>nombril</i>,
for OF. <i>lombril</i>, i. e., <i>ombril</i>, with the article, a
dim. fr. L. <i>umbilicus</i> the navel. See <u>Navel</u>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A point halfway between the fess point and the
middle base point of an escutcheon; -- called also <i>navel
point</i>. See <u>Escutcheon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to deal
out, distribute.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A province or political division, as of
modern Greece or ancient Egypt; a nomarchy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any melody determined by inviolable
rules.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nome</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Binomial</u>.]
<i>(Alg.)</i> [Obs.] <def>See <u>Term</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nome</hw>, <hw>No"men</hw> (?) }, obs. <def><pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Nim</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"men*cla`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>nomen</i> name + <i>calare</i> to call. See <u>Name</u>, and
<u>Calendar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who calls persons or
things by their names.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Rome, candidates for office were attended each by a
<i>nomenclator</i>, who informed the candidate of the names of the
persons whom they met and whose votes it was desirable to
solicit.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who gives names to things, or who
settles and adjusts the nomenclature of any art or science; also, a
list or vocabulary of technical names.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"men*cla`tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
nomenclator.</def></p>

<p><hw>No`men*cla"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining or according to a nomenclature.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"men*cla`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nomenclatura</i>: cf. F. <i>nomenclature</i>. See
<u>Nomenclator</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A name.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vocabulary, dictionary, or
glossary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The technical names used in any particular
branch of science or art, or by any school or individual; as, the
<i>nomenclature</i> of botany or of chemistry; the
<i>nomenclature</i> of Lavoisier and his associates.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Binomial</u>.]
<i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A name or term.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a law,
custom.] <def>Customary; ordinary; -- applied to the usual English
spelling, in distinction from strictly phonetic methods.</def> <i>H
Sweet.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Nomic spelling.</def> <i>A.
J. Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nom"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nominalis</i>,
fr. <i>nomen</i>, <i>nominis</i>, name. See <u>Name</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a name or names; having
to do with the literal meaning of a word; verbal; as, a
<i>nominal</i> definition.</def>  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Existing in name only; not real; as, a
<i>nominal</i> difference.</def> "<i>Nominal</i> attendance on
lectures."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nom"i*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
nominalist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A verb formed from a
noun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A name; an appellation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A is the <i>nominal</i> of the sixth note in the
natural diatonic scale.</blockquote> <i>Moore (Encyc. of Music.
)</i></p>

<p><hw>Nom"i*nal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles or philosophy of the Nominalists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"i*nal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metaph.)</i>
<def>One of a sect of philosophers in the Middle Ages, who adopted
the opinion of Roscelin, that general conceptions, or universals,
exist in name only.</def>  <i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nom`i*nal*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Nominalists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"i*nal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
convert into a noun.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nom"i*nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a nominal
manner; by name; in name only; not in reality.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nom"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Nominated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Nominating</u> (?).] [L. <i>nominatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>nominare</i> to nominate, fr. <i>nomen</i> name. See
<u>Name</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mention by name; to name.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>nominate</i> them all, it is
impossible.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To call; to entitle; to denominate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set down in express terms; to
state.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Is it so <i>noiminated</i> in the bond?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To name, or designate by name, for an
office or place; to appoint; esp., to name as a candidate for an
election, choice, or appointment; to propose by name, or offer the
name of, as a candidate for an office or place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"i*nate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By name;
particularly; namely.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nom`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nominatio</i>: cf. F. <i>nomination</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of naming or nominating;
designation of a person as a candidate for office; the power of
nominating; the state of being nominated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>nomination</i> of persons to places being . . .
a flower of his crown, he would reserve to himself.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The denomination, or name.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nom`i*na*ti"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the nominative case.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"i*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nominativus</i> belonging to a name, nominative.] <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>Giving a name; naming; designating; -- said of that case or form
of a noun which stands as the subject of a finite verb.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The nominative case.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"i*na*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of a nominative; as a nominative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"i*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
nominates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom`i*nee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Nominate</u>, and <u>-ee</u>.] <def>A person named, or designated,
by another, to any office, duty, or position; one nominated, or
proposed, by others for office or for election to office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"i*nor`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Nominate</u>, and <u>-or</u>.] <def>A nominator.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bentham.</i></p>

<p><hw>No*moc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; law +
<i>-cracy</i>, as in demo<i>cracy</i>.] <def>Government in accordance
with a system of law.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>No*mog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; law
+ &?; to write.] <def>A treatise on laws; an exposition of the form
proper for laws.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; law + <i>-
logy</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science of law; legislation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The science of the laws of the mind;
rational psychology.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nom`o*pel"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; law,
custom + &?; sole of the foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a
separate and simple tendon to flex the first toe, or hallux, as do
passerine birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nom"o*thete</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; + &?;
to assign: cf. F. <i>nomoth&egrave;te</i>.] <def>A lawgiver.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Nom`o*thet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Nom`o*thet"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Legislative; enacting laws; as,
a <i>nomothetical</i> power.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>No; not. See
<u>No</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non-</hw> (?). [L. <i>non</i>, OL. <i>noenu</i>,
<i>noenum</i>, fr. <i>neoenum</i>, lit., not one. See <u>None</u>.]
<def>A prefix used in the sense of <i>not</i>; <i>un</i>-; <i>in</i>-
; as in <i>non</i>attention, or <i>non</i>-attention,
<i>non</i>conformity, <i>non</i>metallic, <i>non</i>suit.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The prefix <i>non-</i> may be joined to the leading word by
means of a hyphen, or, in most cases, the hyphen may be dispensed
with. The list of words having the prefix <i>non-</i> could easily be
lengthened.</p>

<p><hw>Non`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of ability.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An exception taken against a
plaintiff in a cause, when he is unable legally to commence a
suit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ac*cept"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A neglect
or refusal to accept.</def></p>

<p><! p. 980 !></p>

<p><hw>Non*ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Destitute of acid properties; hence, basic; metallic; positive;
-- said of certain atoms and radicals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ac*quaint"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
acquaintance; the state of being unacquainted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*ac`qui*es"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Refusal of acquiescence; failure to yield or comply.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ad*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Failure to
be admitted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`a*dult"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not adult;
immature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*a`&euml;r*o*bi*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Capable of living without atmospheric oxygen;
ana&euml;robiotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>nonagium</i>,
from L. <i>nonus</i> ninth, <i>novem</i> nine.] <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>The ninth part of movable goods, formerly payable to the clergy
on the death of persons in their parishes.</def>  <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non"age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>non-</i> +
<i>age</i>.] <def>Time of life before a person becomes of age; legal
immaturity; minority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The human mind . . . was still in its
<i>nonage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non"aged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
quality of nonage; being a minor; immature.</def>  <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non`a*ge*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nonagenarius</i> containing, or consisting of, ninety, fr.
<i>nonageni</i> ninety each; akin to <i>novem</i> nine.] <def>A
person ninety years old.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`a*ges"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nonagesimus</i> the ninetieth. See <u>Nonagenarian</u>.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the ninetieth degree or to
a nonagesimal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`a*ges"i*mal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>The middle or highest point of the part of the ecliptic which is
at any given moment above the horizon. It is the ninetieth degree of
the ecliptic, reckoned from the points in which it is intersected by
the horizon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"a*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nonus</i>
ninth + Gr. &?; angle.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A figure or polygon
having nine sides and nine angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*a"gri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any moth of the genus
<i>Nonagria</i> and allied genera, as the spindleworm and stalk
borer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*al`ien*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Failure
to alienate; also, the state of not being alienated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nonus</i>
ninth.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a group of metameric hydrocarbons
C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>20</sub> of the paraffin series; -- so called
because of the nine carbon atoms in the molecule. <i>Normal
nonane</i> is a colorless volatile liquid, an ingredient of ordinary
kerosene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ap*pear"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Default
of appearance, as in court, to prosecute or defend; failure to
appear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ap*point"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect
of making appointment; failure to receive an appointment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ar*riv"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Failure to
arrive.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Non` as*sump"sit</hw> (?). [L., he did not undertake.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The general plea or denial in an action of
assumpsit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`at*tend"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A failure
to attend; omission of attendance; nonappearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`at*ten"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inattention.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`bi*tu"mi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing no bitumen; not bituminous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nonce</hw> (n&obreve;ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For the
<i>nonce</i>, OE. for the <i>nones</i>, a corruption of for then
<i>ones</i>, where <pos><i>n.</i></pos> in <i>then</i> is a relic of
AS. <i>m</i> in <i>&eth;am</i>, dat. of the article and demonstrative
pronoun, E. <i>the</i>. See <u>For</u>, <u>Once</u>, and <u>The</u>.]
<def>The one or single occasion; the present call or purpose; --
chiefly used in the phrase <i>for the nonce</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The miller was a stout carl for the
<i>nones</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And that he calls for drink, I 'll have prepared
him<BR>
A chalice for the <i>nonce</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Nonce word</b></col>, <cd>"a word apparently employed only
<i>for the nonce</i>".</cd>  <i>Murray (New English Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Non`cha`lance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Nonchalant</u>.] <def>Indifference; carelessness;
coolness.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Non`cha`lant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>non</i> not (L. <i>non</i>) + <i>chaloir</i> to concern one's self
for, fr. L. <i>calere</i> to be warm, to be inflamed with desire, to
be troubled. See <u>Non-</u>, and <u>Caldron</u>.] <def>Indifferent;
careless; cool.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"cha*lant`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
nonchalant, indifferent, or careless manner; coolly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"claim`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A failure to
make claim within the time limited by law; omission of
claim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`co*he"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
cohesion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`co*in"ci*dence</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lack of
coincidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`co*in"ci*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
coincident.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*com"bat*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>Any person connected with an army, or within the lines of an
army, who does not make it his business to fight, as any one of the
medical officers and their assistants, chaplains, and others; also,
any of the citizens of a place occupied by an army; also, any one
holding a similar position with respect to the navy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`com*mis"sioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
having a commission.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Noncommissioned officer</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a
subordinate officer not appointed by a commission from the chief
executive or supreme authority of the State; but by the Secretary of
War or by the commanding officer of the regiment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Non`com*mit"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
not being committed or pledged; forbearance or refusal to commit
one's self. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`com*mun"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect or
failure of communion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`com*ple"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lack of
completion; failure to complete.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`com*pli"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect
of compliance; failure to comply.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`com*ply"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Neglecting
or refusing to comply.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Non com"pos</hw> (?).  <hw>||Non com"pos men"tis</hw> (?).
} [L.] <def>Not of sound mind; not having the regular use of reason;
hence, also, as a noun, an idiot; a lunatic; one devoid of reason,
either by nature or from accident.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"con.</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Noncontent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`con*clud"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
concluding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`con*cur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dissent
or refuse to concur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`con*cur"rence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Refusal
to concur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`con*den"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
condensible; incapable of being liquefied; -- said of
gases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`con*dens"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Steam
Engine)</i> <def>Not condensing; discharging the steam from the
cylinder at a pressure nearly equal to or above that of the
atmosphere and not into a condenser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`con*duct"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
conducting; not transmitting a fluid or force; thus, in electricity,
wax is a <i>nonconducting</i> substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`con*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of not being able to conduct or transmit; failure to
conduct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`con*duct"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>A substance which does not conduct, that is,
convey or transmit, heat, electricity, sound, vibration, or the like,
or which transmits them with difficulty; an insulator; as, wool is a
<i>nonconductor</i> of heat; glass and dry wood are
<i>nonconductors</i> of electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`con*form"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
conforming; declining conformity; especially, not conforming to the
established church of a country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`con*form"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who does
not conform to an established church; especially, one who does not
conform to the established church of England; a dissenter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*con*form"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect
or failure of conformity; especially, in England, the neglect or
refusal to unite with the established church in its rites and modes
of worship.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Non`con"stat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Law L.] <def>It
does not appear; it is not plain or clear; it does not
follow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`con*ta"gious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
contagious; not catching; not communicable by contact.</def> --
<wf>Non`con*ta"gious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Non`con*tent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(British House
of Lords)</i> <def>One who gives a negative vote; -- sometimes
abridged into noncon. or non con.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Non`con*trib"u*ting</hw> (?), <hw>Non`con*trib"u*to*ry</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not contributing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
edible plumlike fruit of the Australian tree, <i>Parinarium
Nonda</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*dec"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nonus</i>
ninth + <i>dec</i>em ten.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon of the
paraffin series, a white waxy substance,
C<sub>19</sub>H<sub>40</sub>; -- so called from the number of carbon
atoms in the molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`de*cid"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Characterized by the absence of a decidua;
indeciduate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`de*liv"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A neglect
or failure of delivery; omission of delivery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*dep`o*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
failure to deposit or throw down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"de*script</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>non-
</i>  + L. <i>descriptus</i> described.] <def>Not hitherto described;
novel; hence, odd; abnormal; unclassifiable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"de*script</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thing not yet
described; that of which no account or explanation has been given;
something abnormal, or hardly classifiable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`de*vel"op*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Failure
or lack of development.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`dis*cov"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want or
failure of discovery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
coarse umbelliferous plant (<i>Ligusticum act&aelig;ifolium</i>) with
a large aromatic root. It is found chiefly in the Alleghany region.
Also called <i>Angelico</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>None</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; pron.</i></pos> [OE. <i>none</i>,
<i>non</i>, <i>nan</i>, <i>no</i>, <i>na</i>, AS. <i>n&amacr;n</i>,
fr. <i>ne</i> not + <i>&amacr;n</i> one. &?;. See <u>No</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, <u>One</u>, and cf.
<u>Non-</u>, <u>Null</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>No one; not one; not anything; --
frequently used also partitively, or as a plural, not any.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is <i>none</i> that doeth good; no, not
one.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xiv. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Six days ye shall gather it, but on the seventh day,
which is the Sabbath, in it there shall be <i>none</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xvi. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Terms of peace yet <i>none</i><BR>
Vouchsafed or sought.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>None</i> of their productions are
extant.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>No; not any; -- used adjectively before a
vowel, in old style; as, thou shalt have <i>none</i> assurance of thy
life.</def></p>

<p><col><b>None of</b></col>, <cd>not at all; not; nothing of; --
used emphatically.</cd> "They knew that I was <i>none of</i> the
register that entered their admissions in the universities."
<i>Fuller.</i> -- <col><b>None-so-pretty</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the <i>Saxifraga umbrosa</i>. See <i>London pride</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under <u>London</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>None</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Same as
<u>Nones</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ef*fect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not effective.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Not fit or available for
duty.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Non-e"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., not I.]
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The union of being and relation as
distinguished from, and contrasted with, the <i>ego</i>. See
<u>Ego</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`e*las"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having
elasticity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`e*lect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A person or persons not elected, or chosen, to
salvation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`e*lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Failure of
election.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Non`e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <hw>Non`e*lec"tric*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not electric; conducting
electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`e*lec"tric</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>A substance that is not an electric; that which transmits
electricity, as a metal.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Non`em*phat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Non`em*phat"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no emphasis; unemphatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*en"ti*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nonentities</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Nonexistence; the negation of
being.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thing not existing.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing of little or no
account.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Non`-E*pis"co*pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
Episcopal; not pertaining to the Episcopal church or
system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nones</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>nonae</i>, so
called because it was the ninth day before the ides, fr. <i>nonus</i>
ninth, from <i>novem</i> nine. See <u>Nine</u>, <u>Nones</u>, 2,
<u>Noon</u> .]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Roman Cal.)</i> <def>The fifth day of the
months January, February, April, June, August, September, November,
and December, and the seventh day of March, May, July, and October.
The <i>nones</i> were nine days before the ides, reckoning
inclusively, according to the Roman method.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>none</i>, fr. L. See <u>Noon</u>.]
<def>The canonical office, being a part of the Breviary, recited at
noon (formerly at the ninth hour, 3 <u>P. M.</u>) in the Roman
Catholic Church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The hour of dinner; the noonday
meal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At my supper and sometimes at
<i>nones</i>.</blockquote> <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non`es*sen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
essential.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`es*sen"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thing not
essential.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Non` est` fac"tum</hw> (?). [Law L. it is not (his) deed.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The plea of the general issue in an action of debt
on bond.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Non` est` in*ven"tus</hw> (?). [L., he is not found.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The return of a sheriff on a writ, when the
defendant is not found in his county.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>None"such`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person or
thing of a sort that there is no other such; something extraordinary;
a thing that has not its equal. It is given as a name to various
objects, as to a choice variety of apple, a species of medic
(<i>Medicago lupulina</i>), a variety of pottery clay, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>No*net"</hw> (?), <hw>||No*net"to</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>nonus</i> ninth, like E.
<i>duet</i>, fr. L. <i>duo</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A composition for
nine instruments, rarely for nine voices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"ett</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The titmouse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Non*ex`e*cu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect
or failure of execution; nonperformance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ex*ist"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Absence of existence; the negation of being;
nonentity.</def>  <i>A. Baxter.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thing that has no existence.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non`ex*ist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having
existence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*ex`por*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
failure of exportation; a not exporting of commodities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ex*ten"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
extensile; incapable of being stretched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non-fea"sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>non-
</i> + OF. <i>faisance</i> a doing, fr. <i>faire</i> to do.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>An omission or neglect to do something, esp. that
which ought to have been done.  Cf. <u>Malfeasance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ful*fill"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect or
failure to fulfill.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*nil"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nonus</i>
ninth + <i>-illion</i>, as in E. <i>million</i>.] <def>According to
the French and American notation, a thousand octillions, or a unit
with thirty ciphers annexed; according to the English notation, a
million octillions, or a unit with fifty-four ciphers annexed. See
the Note under <u>Numeration</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*im`por*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want or
failure of importation; a not importing of commodities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`im*port"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
importing; not bringing from foreign countries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`in*flec"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
admitting of, or characterized by, inflection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`in*hab"it*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
is not an inhabitant; a stranger; a foreigner; a
nonresident.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*in`ter*ven"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or habit of not intervening or interfering; as, the
<i>nonintervention</i> of one state in the affairs of
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"ni*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Latinized form of
<i>Nunez</i>, the name of a Portuguese mathematician.] <def>A
vernier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*join"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The omission of some person who ought to have been made a
plaintiff or defendant in a suit, or of some cause of action which
ought to be joined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*ju"rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Nonjuring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*ju"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>jurer</i> to
swear, or L. <i>jurare</i>, <i>jurari</i>, to swear, fr. L.
<i>jus</i>, <i>juris</i>, right, law, justice. See <u>Jury</u>.]
<def>Not swearing allegiance; -- applied to the party in Great
Britain that would not swear allegiance to William and Mary, or their
successors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*ju"ror</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of those adherents of James II. who refused to take the oath
of allegiance to William and Mary, or to their successors, after the
revolution of 1688; a Jacobite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*ju"ror*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng.
Hist.)</i> <def>The doctrines, or action, of the Nonjurors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*lim`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
limitation; failure to limit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Non` li"quet</hw> (?). [L.] <def>It is not clear; -- a
verdict given by a jury when a matter is to be deferred to another
day of trial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ma*lig"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
malignant, as a disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*man`u*fac"tur*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
carrying on manufactures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*med"ul*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
medullated; <i>(Anat.)</i> without a medulla or marrow, or without a
medullary sheath; as, a <i>nonmedullated</i> nerve fiber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*mem"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is not a
member.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*mem"ber*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of not
being a member.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"met`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any one of the set of elements which, as contrasted with the
metals, possess, produce, or receive, acid rather than basic
properties; a metalloid; as, oxygen, sulphur, and chlorine are
<i>nonmetals</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`me*tal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not metallic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Resembling, or possessing
the properties of, a nonmetal or metalloid; as, sulphur is a
<i>nonmetallic</i> element.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*nat"u*ral</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not natural;
unnatural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nonne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nun.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non`ne*ces"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence
of necessity; the quality or state of being unnecessary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ni*trog"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Devoid of
nitrogen; as, a <i>nonnitrogenous</i> principle; a
<i>nonnitrogenous</i> food.  See the Note under <u>Food</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*nu"cle*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
nucleus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A silly fellow; a
ninny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`o*be"di*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect
of obedience; failure to obey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ob*serv"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect
or failure to observe or fulfill.</def></p>

<p><! p. 981 !></p>

<p><hw>||Non` ob*stan"te</hw> (?). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Notwithstanding; in opposition to, or in spite of, what has been
stated, or is to be stated or admitted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A clause in old English
statutes and letters patent, importing a license from the crown to do
a thing notwithstanding any statute to the contrary. This dispensing
power was abolished by the Bill of Rights.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this very reign [Henry III.] the practice of
dispensing with statutes by a <i>non obstante</i> was
introduced.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><col><b>||Non obstante veredicto</b></col> [LL.] <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>a judgment sometimes entered by order of the court, for the
plaintiff, <i>notwithstanding a verdict</i> for the defendant.</cd>
<i>Stephen.</i></p>

<p><hw>No*no"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, nonane; as,
<i>nonoic</i> acid, which is also called <i>pelargonic</i> acid.  Cf.
<u>Pelargonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"one</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Non</i>ane + <i>-
one</i>, suffix denoting the third degree of unsaturation.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of several metameric unsaturated
hydrocarbons (C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>14</sub>) of the valylene
series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ox*yg"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Without oxygen; characterized by the absence of oxygen; as, a
<i>nonoxygenous</i> alkaloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`pa*reil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Nonpareil</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something of unequaled excellence; a
peerless thing or person; a nonesuch; -- often used as a
name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>nonpareille</i>.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A
size of type next smaller than <i>minion</i> and next larger than
<i>agate</i> (or <i>ruby</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; <nonpareiltype>This line is printed in the type called
<i>nonpareil</i>.</nonpareiltype></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
beautifully colored finch (<i>Passerina ciris</i>), native of the
Southern United States. The male has the head and neck deep blue,
rump and under parts bright red, back and wings golden green, and the
tail bluish purple. Called also <i>painted finch</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any other similar bird of the same
genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`pa*reil"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., from <i>non</i>
not + <i>pareil</i> equal, fr. LL. <i>pariculus</i>, dim. of L.
<i>par</i> equal. See <u>Non</u>, and <u>Pair</u>, <u>Peer</u>.]
<def>Having no equal; peerless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*pay"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect or
failure to pay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`per*form"ance</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect or
failure to perform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*pho`to*bi*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Capable of living without light; as,
<i>nonphotobiotic</i> plant cells, or cells which habitually live in
darkness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`plane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Not lying in one plane; -- said of certain curves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"plus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>non</i> not +
<i>plus</i> more, further. See <u>Plural</u>.] <def>A state or
condition which baffles reason or confounds judgment; insuperable
difficulty; inability to proceed or decide; puzzle;
quandary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both of them are a perfect <i>nonplus</i> and baffle
to all human understanding.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non"plus`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nonplused</u> (?) or <u>Nonplussed</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Nonplusing</u> or <u>Nonplussing</u>.]
<def>To puzzle; to confound; to perplex; to cause to stop by
embarrassment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has been <i>nonplused</i> by Mr. Dry's desiring him
to tell what it was that he endeavored to prove.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non*prep`a*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect
or failure to prepare; want of preparation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*pres`en*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Neglect or failure to present; state of not being
presented.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`pro*duc"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A failure to
produce or exhibit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`pro*fes"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
belonging to a profession; not done by, or proceeding from,
professional men; contrary to professional usage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`pro*fi"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
proficiency; failure to make progress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`pro*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
has failed to become proficient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non" pros.`</hw> (&?;). <def> An abbreviation of <u>Non
prosequitur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`-pros"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Nonprossed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Non-prossing</u> (?).] <def>To decline or fail to
prosecute; to allow to be dropped (said of a suit); to enter judgment
against (a plaintiff who fails to prosecute); as, the plaintiff was
<i>non-prossed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Non" pro*seq"ui*tur</hw> (?). [L. he does not prosecute.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A judgment entered against the plaintiff in a suit
where he does not appear to prosecute. See <u>Nolle
prosequi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`re*cur"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
recurring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`re*cur"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Nonrecurrent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`re*gard"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
due regard; disregard; slight.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non`re"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng.
Universities)</i> <def>A master of arts whose regency has ceased. See
<u>Regent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ren*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect of
rendition; the not rendering what is due.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>nonrendition</i> of a service which is
due.</blockquote> <i>S. E. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non`re*sem"blance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
resemblance; unlikeness; dissimilarity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*res"i*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or condition of being nonresident,</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non*res"i*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
residing in a particular place, on one's own estate, or in one's
proper place; as, a <i>nonresident</i> clergyman or proprietor of
lands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*res"i*dent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nonresident
person; one who does not reside in the State or
jurisdiction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`re*sist"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles or practice of a nonresistant; passive obedience;
submission to authority, power, oppression, or violence without
opposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`re*sist"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making no
resistance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`re*sist"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
maintains that no resistance should be made to constituted authority,
even when unjustly or oppressively exercised; one who advocates or
practices absolute submission; also, one who holds that violence
should never be resisted by force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`re*sist"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not making
resistance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*ru"mi*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
ruminating; as, a <i>nonruminant</i> animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`sane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unsound; not
perfect; as, a person of <i>nonsane</i> memory.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non"sense</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>non-</i> +
<i>sense</i>: cf. F. <i>nonsens</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is not sense, or has no sense;
words, or language, which have no meaning, or which convey no
intelligible ideas; absurdity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Trifles; things of no
importance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nonsense verses</b></col>, <cd>lines made by taking any
words which occur, but especially certain words which it is desired
to recollect, and arranging them without reference to anything but
the measure, so that the rhythm of the lines may aid in recalling the
remembrance of the words.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Folly; silliness; absurdity; trash; balderdash.</p>

<p><hw>Non*sen"si*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
sense; unmeaning; absurd; foolish; irrational; preposterous.</def> --
<wf>Non*sen"si*cal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Non*sen"si*cal*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Non*sen"si*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
sensitive; wanting sense or perception; not easily
affected.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Non seq"ui*tur</hw> (?). [L., it does not follow.]
<i>(Logic)</i> <def>An inference which does not follow from the
premises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*sex"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
distinction of sex; sexless; neuter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*slave"hold`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
possessing or holding slaves; as, a <i>nonslaveholding</i>
State.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`so*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Failure of
solution or explanation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*sol"ven*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inability
to pay debts; insolvency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*sol"vent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not solvent;
insolvent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*sol"vent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
insolvent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*so"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
sonant.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nonsonant or nonvocal
consonant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*spar"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sparing
none.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*stri"a*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Nat.
Hist.)</i> <def>Without striations; unstriped; as, <i>nonstriated</i>
muscle fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`sub*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
submission; failure or refusal to submit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`sub*mis"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
submissive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"such</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Nonesuch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"suit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
neglect or failure by the plaintiff to follow up his suit; a stopping
of the suit; a renunciation or withdrawal of the cause by the
plaintiff, either because he is satisfied that he can not support it,
or upon the judge's expressing his opinion. A compulsory nonsuit is a
nonsuit ordered by the court on the ground that the plaintiff on his
own showing has not made out his case.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"suit`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nonsuited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nonsuiting</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To determine, adjudge, or
record (a plaintiff) as having dropped his suit, upon his withdrawal
or failure to follow it up.</def> "When two are joined in a writ, and
one is <i>nonsuited</i>."  <i>Z. Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non"suit`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nonsuited.</def>
<i>D. A. Tyng.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Non*sure"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Insecurity.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Non*ten"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
plea of a defendant that he did not hold the land, as
affirmed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"term`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
vacation between two terms of a court.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*tox"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
toxic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"tro*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because
found in the arrondissement of <i>Notron</i>, France.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A greenish yellow or green mineral, consisting chiefly of the
hydrous silicate of iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*u"ni*form`ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes that past changes in the structure of the earth have
proceeded from cataclysms or causes more violent than are now
operating; -- called also <i>nonuniformitarian</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*un"ion*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
does not belong, or refuses to belong, to a trades union.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*us"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect of
using; failure to use.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non*us"er</hw> (?), <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A not using;
failure to use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An office may be forfeited by misuser or
<i>nonuser</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Neglect or omission to use an
easement or franchise or to assert a right.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non*vas"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Destitute of vessels; extravascular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`ver*nac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
vernacular.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>nonvernacular</i> expression.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Non*vo"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not vocal;
destitute of tone.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nonvocal
consonant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Non</i>ane + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hydrocarbon radical,
C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>19</sub>, derived from nonane and forming many
compounds. Used also adjectively; as, <i>nonyl</i> alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non"y*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Non</i>ane +
eth<i>ylene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of
metameric, unsaturated hydrocarbons C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>18</sub> of
the ethylene series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non`y*len"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, related to, or designating, nonylene or its
compounds; as, <i>nonylenic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*nyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, nonyl or its compounds; as,
<i>nonylic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noo"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Noddle</u>,
<u>Noddy</u>.] <def>A simpleton; a blockhead; a stupid person; a
ninny.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><blockquote>The chuckling grin of <i>noodles</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noo"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>nudel</i>
vermicelli.] <def>A thin strip of dough, made with eggs, rolled up,
cut into small pieces, and used in soup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nook</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nok</i>; cf. Gael.
& Ir. <i>niuc</i>.] <def>A narrow place formed by an angle in bodies
or between bodies; a corner; a recess; a secluded retreat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How couldst thou find this dark, sequestered
<i>nook</i>?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nook"-shot`ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
nooks, angles, or corners.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>nook-shotten</i> isle of Albion.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>No`&ouml;*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to no&ouml;logy.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*&ouml;l"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in no&ouml;logy.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*&ouml;l"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
the mind + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of intellectual
phenomena.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noon</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>No. See the Note
under No.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Noon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>n&?;n</i>, orig.,
the ninth hour, fr. L. <i>nona</i> (sc. hora) the ninth hour, then
applied to the church services (called <i>nones</i>) at that hour,
the time of which was afterwards changed to noon. See <u>Nine</u>,
and cf. <u>Nones</u>, <u>Nunchion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
middle of the day; midday; the time when the sun is in the meridian;
twelve o'clock in the daytime.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the highest point;
culmination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the very <i>noon</i> of that brilliant life which
was destined to be so soon, and so fatally,
overshadowed.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>High noon</b></col>, <cd>the exact meridian; midday.</cd>
-- <col><b>Noon of night</b></col>, <cd>midnight.</cd> [Poetic]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noon</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to midday;
occurring at midday; meridional.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noon</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take rest and
refreshment at noon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noon"day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Midday; twelve
o'clock in the day; noon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noon"day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to midday; meridional; as, the <i>noonday</i> heat.</def>
"<i>Noonday</i> walks."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noon"-flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The goat's beard, whose flowers close at midday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noon"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rest at noon; a
repast at noon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noon"shun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Nunchion</u>.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noon"stead</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The position of
the sun at noon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noon"tide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>noon +
tide</i> time; cf. AS. <i>n&?;nt&imacr;d</i> the ninth hour.]
<def>The time of noon; midday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. OF.
<i>nous</i>, nom. sing. or acc. pl. of <i>nou</i> knot, F.
<i>n&?;ud</i>, L. <i>nodus</i>.  Cf. <u>Node</u>.] <def>A running
knot, or loop, which binds the closer the more it is drawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noose</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Noosed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Noosing</u>.] <def>To tie in a noose; to catch in a noose; to
entrap; to insnare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noot</hw> (?). <def>See lst <u>Not</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mexican
<i>nopalli</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cactaceous plant (<i>Nopalea
cochinellifera</i>), originally Mexican, on which the cochineal
insect feeds, and from which it is collected. The name is sometimes
given to other species of <i>Cactace&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"pal*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nopalries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A plantation of the nopal for
raising the cochineal insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
bullfinch.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Nor</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nor</i>, contr.
from <i>nother</i>. See <u>Neither</u>.] <def>A negative connective
or particle, introducing the second member or clause of a negative
proposition, following <i>neither</i>, or <i>not</i>, in the first
member or clause (as <i>or</i> in affirmative propositions follows
<i>either</i>). <i>Nor</i> is also used sometimes in the first member
for <i>neither</i>, and sometimes the <i>neither</i> is omitted and
implied by the use of <i>nor</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Provide neither gold <i>nor</i> silver, <i>nor</i>
brass, in your purses, <i>nor</i> scrip for your
journey.</blockquote> <i>Matt. x. 9, 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where neither moth <i>nor</i> rust doth
corrupt.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vi. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I love him not, <i>nor</i> fear him.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where neither party is <i>nor</i> true, <i>nor</i>
kind.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Simois <i>nor</i> Xanthus shall be wanting
there.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nor"bert*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Premonstrant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., from Ar.
<i>n&amacr;'&?;ra</i>.] <def>A large water wheel, turned by the
action of a stream against its floats, and carrying at its
circumference buckets, by which water is raised and discharged into a
trough; used in Arabia, China, and elsewhere for irrigating land; a
Persian wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>norite</i>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the upper portion of the Laurentian
rocks.</def>  <i>T. S. Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nor"ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Nurse.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cormorant.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Nor"i*mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Norimons</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A Japanese covered litter,
carried by men.</def>  <i>B. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>Nor</i>v&egrave;ge Norway .] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A granular
crystalline rock consisting essentially of a triclinic feldspar (as
labradorite) and hypersthene.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A supposed metal alleged to have been discovered in
zircon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Norm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>norma</i> a rule.
See <u>Normal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rule or authoritative standard; a model;
a type.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A typical, structural unit;
a type.</def>  <i>Agassiz.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nor"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A norm; a principle or rule; a model; a standard.</def>  <i>J.
S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mason's or a carpenter's square or
rule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A templet or gauge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nor"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>normalis</i>,
fr. <i>norma</i> rule, pattern, carpenter's square; prob. akin to
<i>noscere</i> to know; cf. Gr. &?; well known, &?; gnomon, also,
carpenter's square: cf. F. <i>normal</i>. See <u>Known</u>, and cf.
<u>Abnormal</u>, <u>Enormous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>According to an established norm, rule, or
principle; conformed to a type, standard, or regular form; performing
the proper functions; not abnormal; regular; natural;
analogical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Deviations from the <i>normal</i> type.</blockquote>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>According to a square or
rule; perpendicular; forming a right angle. Specifically: Of or
pertaining to a normal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Standard; original; exact;
typical.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Quantitative
Analysis)</i> <def>Denoting a solution of such strength that every
cubic centimeter contains the same number of milligrams of the
element in question as the number of its molecular weight.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Denoting certain hypothetical
compounds, as acids from which the real acids are obtained by
dehydration; thus, <i>normal</i> sulphuric acid and <i>normal</i>
nitric acid are respectively S(OH)<sub>6</sub>, and
N(OH)<sub>5</sub>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Organ. Chem.)</i>
<def>Denoting that series of hydrocarbons in which no carbon atom is
united with more than two other carbon atoms; as, <i>normal</i>
pentane, hexane, etc. Cf. <u>Iso-</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Normal equations</b></col> <i>(Method of Least
Squares)</i>, <cd>a set of equations of the first degree equal in
number to the number of unknown quantities, and derived from the
observations by a specified process. The solution of the normal
equations gives the most probable values of the unknown
quantities.</cd> -- <col><b>Normal group</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>,
<cd>a group of rocks taken as a standard.</cd> <i>Lyell.</i> --
<col><b>Normal place</b></col> (of a planet or comet)
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the apparent place in the heavens of a planet
or comet at a specified time, the place having been determined by a
considerable number of observations, extending perhaps over many
days, and so combined that the accidental errors of observation have
largely balanced each other.</cd> -- <col><b>Normal school</b></col>,
<cd>a school whose methods of instruction are to serve as a model for
imitation; an institution for the training of teachers.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 982 !></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Normal</u>, <u>Regular</u>, <u>Ordinary</u>.
<i>Regular</i> and <i>ordinary</i> are popular terms of well-known
signification; <i>normal</i> has now a more specific sense, arising
out of its use in science. A thing is <i>normal</i>, or in its
<i>normal</i> state, when strictly conformed to those principles of
its constitution which mark its species or to the standard of a
healthy and natural condition. It is <i>abnormal</i> when it departs
from those principles.</p>

<p><hw>Nor"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>normale</i>,
<i>ligne normale</i>. See <u>Normal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Any perpendicular.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A straight line or plane
drawn from any point of a curve or surface so as to be perpendicular
to the curve or surface at that point.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>normal</i> is also used to denote the distance
along the normal line from the curve to the axis of abscissas or to
the center of curvature.</p>

<p><hw>Nor"mal*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality,
state, or fact of being normal; as, the point of
<i>normalcy</i>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Nor`mal*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reduction to a standard or normal state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nor"mal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a normal
manner.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nor"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>normand</i>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A wooden bar, or iron pin.</def>  <i>W. C.
Russell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nor"man</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>normand</i>, of
Scand. origin. See <u>Northman</u>, and cf. <u>Norse</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Normandy or to the Normans; as, the <i>Norman</i>
language; the <i>Norman</i> conquest.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Norman style</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a style of
architecture which arose in the tenth century, characterized by great
massiveness, simplicity, and strength, with the use of the
semicircular arch, heavy round columns, and a great variety of
ornaments, among which the zigzag and spiral or cable-formed
ornaments were prominent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nor"man</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant
of Normandy; originally, one of the Northmen or Scandinavians who
conquered Normandy in the 10th century; afterwards, one of the mixed
(Norman-French) race which conquered England, under William the
Conqueror.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nor"man*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Norman
idiom; a custom or expression peculiar to the Normans.</def>  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Norn</hw> (?), <hw>Nor"na</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Icel. <i>norn</i>, pl. <i>nornir</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Scandinavian Myth.)</i> <def>One of the
three Fates, Past, Present, and Future. Their names were Urd,
Verdandi, and Skuld.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tutelary deity; a genius.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*ro`pi*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etymology
uncertain.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an
acid of the aromatic series obtained from opianic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nor"roy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Lit., north king, fr.
F. <i>nord</i> north + <i>roi</i> king.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The most
northern of the English Kings-at-arms. See <i>King-at-arms</i>, under
<u>King</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Norse</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dan. <i>Norsk</i>, fr.
<i>nord</i> north. See <u>North</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
ancient Scandinavia, or to the language spoken by its
inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Norse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Norse
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Norse"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Norsemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One of the ancient
Scandinavians; a Northman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nor"tel*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Nurture</u>.] <def>Nurture; education; culture; bringing up.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Nortelry</i> . . . learned at the
nunnery.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>North</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>nor&eth;</i>;
akin to D. <i>noord</i>, G., Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>nord</i>, Icel.
<i>nor&eth;r</i>.  Cf. <u>Norman</u>, <u>Norse</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That one of the four cardinal points of
the compass, at any place, which lies in the direction of the true
meridian, and to the left hand of a person facing the east; the
direction opposite to the south.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any country or region situated farther to
the north than another; the northern section of a country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: That part of the United
States lying north of Mason and Dixon's line. See under
<u>Line</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>North</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying toward the north;
situated at the north, or in a northern direction from the point of
observation or reckoning; proceeding toward the north, or coming from
the north.</def></p>

<p><col><b>North following</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Following</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>North pole</b></col>,
<cd>that point in the heavens, or on the earth, ninety degrees from
the equator toward the north.</cd> -- <col><b>North
preceding</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Following</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
2.</cd> -- <col><b>North star</b></col>, <cd>the star toward which
the north pole of the earth very nearly points, and which accordingly
seems fixed and immovable in the sky. The star &alpha; (alpha) of the
Little Bear, is our present north star, being distant from the pole
about 1&deg; 25&prime;, and from year to year approaching slowly
nearer to it. It is called also <i>Cynosura</i>, <i>polestar</i>, and
by astronomers, <i>Polaris</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>North</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn or move
toward the north; to veer from the east or west toward the
north.</def></p>

<p><hw>North</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Northward.</def></p>

<p><hw>North`east"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The point
between the north and east, at an equal distance from each; the
northeast part or region.</def></p>

<p><hw>North`east"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the northeast; proceeding toward the northeast, or coming from
that point; as, a <i>northeast</i> course; a <i>northeast</i>
wind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Northeast passage</b></col>, <cd>a passage or
communication by sea between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans along
the north coast of Asia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>North`east"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
northeast.</def></p>

<p><hw>North`east"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A storm,
strong wind, or gale, coming from the northeast.</def></p>

<p><hw>North`east"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the northeast; toward the northeast, or coming from the
northeast.</def></p>

<p><hw>North`east"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
northeast.</def></p>

<p><hw>North`east"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the northeast; northeasterly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>North`east"ward</hw> (?), <hw>North`east"ward*ly</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the northeast.</def></p>

<p><hw>North"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wind from the
north; esp., a strong and cold north wind in Texas and the vicinity
of the Gulf of Mexico.</def></p>

<p><hw>North"er*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being northerly; direction toward the
north.</def></p>

<p><hw>North"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the north; toward the north, or from the north;
northern.</def></p>

<p><hw>North"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
north.</def></p>

<p><hw>North"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>nor&eth;erne</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the north; being in
the north, or nearer to that point than to the east or
west.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a direction toward the north; as, to
steer a <i>northern</i> course; coming from the north; as, a
<i>northern</i> wind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Northern diver</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Loon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Northern lights</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Aurora borealis</i>, under <u>Aurora</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Northern
spy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an excellent American apple, of a
yellowish color, marked with red.</cd></p>

<p><hw>North"ern*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One born or living in the north.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of the Northern
States; -- contradistinguished from <i>Southerner</i>.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>North"ern*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Northerly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>North"ern*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Northmost</u>.] <def>Farthest north.</def></p>

<p><hw>North"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Surv. &amp; Navigation)</i> <def>Distance northward from any point of
departure or of reckoning, measured on a meridian; -- opposed to
<i>southing</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The distance of any
heavenly body from the equator northward; north
declination.</def></p>

<p><hw>North"man</hw> (n&ocirc;rth"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Northmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). [AS.
<i>nor&eth;man</i>. See <u>North</u>, and <u>Man</u>, and cf.
<u>Norman</u>.] <def>One of the inhabitants of the north of Europe;
esp., one of the ancient Scandinavians; a Norseman.</def></p>

<p><hw>North"most`</hw> (-m&omacr;st), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>nor&eth;mest</i>.  Cf. <u>Aftermost</u>.] <def>Lying farthest
north; northernmost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Northmost</i> part of the coast of
Mozambique.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>North"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tendency in the
end of a magnetic needle to point to the north.</def>
<i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>North*um"bri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Northumberland in England.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Northumberland.</def></p>

<p><hw>North"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>nor&eth;weard</i>.] <def>Toward the north; nearer to the north
than to the east or west point.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>North"ward</hw> (?), <hw>North"wards</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the north, or toward a point
nearer to the north than to the east or west point.</def></p>

<p><hw>North"ward*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
northern direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>North"ward*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a northern
direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>North`west"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>nor&eth;west</i>.] <def>The point in the horizon between the north
and west, and equally distant from each; the northwest part or
region.</def></p>

<p><hw>North`west"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or in the direction of, the point between the
north and west; being in the northwest; toward the northwest, or
coming from the northwest; as, the <i>northwest</i> coast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coming from the northwest; as, a
<i>northwest</i> wind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Northwest passage</b></col>, <cd>a passage or
communication by sea between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans along
the north coast of America, long sought for by navigators.</cd></p>

<p><hw>North`west"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
northwest.</def></p>

<p><hw>North`west"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A storm or
gale from the northwest; a strong northwest wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>North`west"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
northwest, or from the northwest.</def></p>

<p><hw>North`west"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or being in, the northwest; in a direction toward the
northwest; coming from the northwest; northwesterly; as, a
<i>northwestern</i> course.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>North`west"ward</hw> (?), <hw>North`west"ward*ly</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the northwest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nor*we"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>Noregr</i>, <i>Norvegr</i>, Norway. See <u>North</u>, and
<u>Way</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Norway, its inhabitants, or its
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nor*we"gi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native of Norway.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That branch of the Scandinavian language
spoken in Norway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nor*we"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Norwegian</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element, of
doubtful identification, said to occur in the copper-nickel of
Norway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nor*we"yan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Norwegian.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>nosu</i>; akin to
D. <i>neus</i>, G. <i>nase</i>, OHG. <i>nasa</i>, Icel.
<i>n&ouml;s</i>, Sw. <i>n&auml;sa</i>, Dan. <i>n&auml;se</i>, Lith.
<i>nosis</i>, Russ. <i>nos'</i>, L. <i>nasus</i>, <i>nares</i>, Skr.
<i>n&amacr;s&amacr;</i>, <i>n&amacr;s</i>. &?; Cf. <u>Nasal</u>,
<u>Nasturtium</u>, <u>Naze</u>, <u>Nostril</u>, <u>Nozzle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The prominent part of the
face or anterior extremity of the head containing the nostrils and
olfactory cavities; the olfactory organ. See <u>Nostril</u>, and
<i>Olfactory organ</i> under <u>Olfactory</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power of smelling; hence,
scent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are not offended with a dog for a better
<i>nose</i> than his master.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A projecting end or beak at the front of
an object; a snout; a nozzle; a spout; as, the <i>nose</i> of a
bellows; the <i>nose</i> of a teakettle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nose bit</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a bit similar to a
gouge bit, but having a cutting edge on one side of its boring
end.</cd> -- <col><b>Nose hammer</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
frontal hammer.</cd> -- <col><b>Nose hole</b></col> <i>(Glass
Making)</i>, <cd>a small opening in a furnace, before which a globe
of crown glass is held and kept soft at the beginning of the
flattening process.</cd> -- <col><b>Nose key</b></col>
<i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a fox wedge.</cd> -- <col><b>Nose leaf</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a thin, broad, membranous fold of skin on
the nose of many species of bats. It varies greatly in size and
form.</cd> -- <col><b>Nose of wax</b></col>, fig., <cd>a person who
is pliant and easily influenced.</cd> "A <i>nose of wax</i> to be
turned every way." <i>Massinger</i> -- <col><b>Nose piece</b></col>,
<cd>the nozzle of a pipe, hose, bellows, etc.; the end piece of a
microscope body, to which an objective is attached.</cd> --
<col><b>To hold</b></col>, <col><b>put</b></col>, or <col><b>bring
one's nose to the grindstone</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Grindstone</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To lead by the nose</b></col>,
<cd>to lead at pleasure, or to cause to follow submissively; to lead
blindly, as a person leads a beast.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To
put one's nose out of joint</b></col>, <cd>to humiliate one's pride,
esp. by supplanting one in the affections of another.</cd> [Slang] --
<col><b>To thrust one's nose into</b></col>, <cd>to meddle
officiously in.</cd> -- <col><b>To wipe one's nose of</b></col>,
<cd>to deprive of; to rob.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Nose</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nosed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nosing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To smell; to scent; hence, to
track, or trace out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To touch with the nose; to push the nose
into or against; hence, to interfere with; to treat
insolently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lambs . . . <i>nosing</i> the mother's
udder.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sort of national convention, dubious in its nature .
. . <i>nosed</i> Parliament in the very seat of its
authority.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter in a nasal manner; to pronounce
with a nasal twang; as, to <i>nose</i> a prayer.</def> [R.]
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nose</hw> (n&omacr;z), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To smell; to sniff; to scent.</def>
<i>Audubon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pry officiously into what does not
concern one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nose"bag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bag in which
feed for a horse, ox, or the like, may be fastened under the nose by
a string passing over the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nose"band`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That part of
the headstall of a bridle which passes over a horse's nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nose"bleed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A bleeding at the nose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The yarrow. See
<u>Yarrow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nosed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a nose, or
such a nose; -- chieflay used in composition; as, pug-
<i>nosed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nose"gay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nose</i> +
<i>gay</i> in the sense of a gay or showy thing.] <def>A bunch of
odorous and showy flowers; a bouquet; a posy.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nos"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Noursle</u>.]
<def>To nurse; to lead or teach; to foster; to nuzzle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If any man use the Scripture . . . to <i>nosel</i>
thee in anything save in Christ, he is a false prophet.</blockquote>
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nose"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nose"smart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A kind of cress, a pungent cruciferous plant, including several
species of the genus <i>Nasturtium</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nose"thirl</hw> (?), <hw>Nose"thril</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Nostril.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>nosethurl</i>, <i>nosthrill</i>.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nos"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>That part of the treadboard of a stair which projects over the
riser; hence, any like projection, as the projecting edge of a
molding.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"sle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Nozzle</u>,
<u>Nose</u>.] <def>Nozzle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nos`o*co"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nosocomium</i> a hospital, Gr. &?;; &?; disease + &?; to attend
to.] <def>Of or pertaining to a hospital; as, <i>nosocomial</i>
atmosphere.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>No*sog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; disease
+ <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>nosographie</i>.] <def>A description or
classification of diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nos`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nosologique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to nosology.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*sol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nosologiste</i>.] <def>One versed in nosology.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*sol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; disease +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>nosologie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
systematic arrangement, or classification, of diseases.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That branch of medical science which
treats of diseases, or of the classification of diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nos`o*po*et"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; disease
+ &?; productive, fr. &?; to make.] <def>Producing diseases.</def>
[R.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nost</hw> (?). [Contr. from <i>ne wost</i>.] <def>Wottest not;
knowest not.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nos*tal"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a return home + &?; pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Homesickness; esp., a
severe and sometimes fatal form of melancholia, due to
homesickness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nos*tal"gic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nostalgique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to nostalgia; affected
with nostalgia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nos*tal"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Nostalgia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nos"toc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of alg&aelig;. The plants are composed of moniliform
cells imbedded in a gelatinous substance.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Nostoc commune</i> is found on the ground, and is
ordinarily not seen; but after a rain it swells up into a conspicuous
jellylike mass, whish was formerly supposed to have fallen from the
sky, whence the popular names, <i>fallen star</i> and <i>star
jelly</i>. Also called <i>witches' butter</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Nos"tril</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nosethril</i>,
<i>nosethirl</i>, AS. <i>nospyrl</i>; <i>nos</i> for <i>nosu</i> nose
+ <i>pyrel</i> opening, hole, from <i>pyrel</i> pierced, for
<i>pyrhel</i>, fr. <i>purh</i> through. &?; See <u>Nose</u>, and
<u>Through</u>, and cf. <u>Thrill</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the external
openings of the nose, which give passage to the air breathed and to
secretions from the nose and eyes; one of the anterior
nares.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In sperm whales, porpoises, and allied animals, there is
only one nostril, which is situated on the top of the head and called
a <i>spiracle</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Perception; insight; acuteness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Methinks a man<BR>
Of your sagacity and clear <i>nostril</i> should<BR>
Have made another choice.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nos"trum</hw> (-tr&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nostrums</b></plw> (-tr&ubreve;mz). [Neut. sing. of L.
<i>noster</i> ours, fr. <i>nos</i> we. See <u>Us</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A medicine, the ingredients of which are
kept secret for the purpose of restricting the profits of sale to the
inventor or proprietor; a quack medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any scheme or device proposed by a
quack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The incentives of agitators, the arts of impostors and
the <i>nostrums</i> of quacks.</blockquote> <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Not</hw> (?). [Contr. from <i>ne wot</i>. See 2d <u>Note</u>.]
<def>Wot not; know not; knows not.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Not</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shorn; shaven.</def>
[Obs.] See <u>Nott</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Not</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>not</i>, <i>noht</i>,
<i>nought</i>, <i>naught</i>, the same word as E. <i>naught</i>. See
<u>Naught</u>.] <def>A word used to express negation, prohibition,
denial, or refusal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Not</i> one word spake he more than was
need.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt <i>not</i> steal.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xx.
15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thine eyes are upon me, and I am
<i>not</i>.</blockquote> <i>Job vii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The question is, may I do it, or may I <i>not</i> do
it?</blockquote> <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Not . . . but</b></col>, or <col><b>Not but</b></col>,
<cd>only.</cd> [Obs. or Colloq.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||No`ta*bil"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Neut. pl.
of L. <i>notabilis</i> notable.] <def>Things worthy of
notice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Not`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Notabilities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>notabilit&eacute;</i>
.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quality of being notable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A notable, or remarkable, person or thing;
a person of note.</def> "Parisian <i>notabilities</i>"
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A notable saying.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Not"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>notable</i>,
L. <i>notabilis</i>, fr. <i>notare</i> to mark, <i>nota</i> mark,
note. See 5th <u>Note</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being noted; noticeable; plan;
evident.</def></p>

<p><! p. 983 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of notice; remarkable; memorable;
noted or distinguished; as, a <i>notable</i> event, person.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Notable</i> in the sense of <i>careful</i>,
<i>thrifty</i>, <i>characterized by thrift and capacity</i> (as, a
<i>notable</i> housekeeper) is pronounced by many good
ortho&euml;pists, n&obreve;t"&adot;*b'l, the derivatives
<i>notableness</i>, and <i>notably</i>, being also similarly
pronounced with short <i>o</i> in the first syllable.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Well-known; notorious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Not"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person, or thing, of distinction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(French Hist.)</i> <def>One of a number of
persons, before the revolution of 1789, chiefly of the higher orders,
appointed by the king to constitute a representative body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Not"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being notable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Not"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a notable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||No*t&aelig;"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; pertaining to the notum or back.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
back or upper surface, as of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the back.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the back; dorsal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||No*tan"dum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Notanda</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. <i>notare</i> to observe.]
<def>A thing to be noted or observed; a notable fact; -- chiefly used
in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*ta"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>notarial</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a notary; done or taken by
a notary; as, a <i>notarial</i> seal; <i>notarial</i> evidence or
attestation.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*ta"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a notarial
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Notaries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>notaire</i>, L.
<i>notarius</i> notary (in sense 1), fr. <i>nota</i> mark. See 5th
<u>Note</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who records in shorthand what is said
or done; as, the <i>notary</i> of an ecclesiastical body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. &amp; Am. Law)</i> <def>A public officer
who attests or certifies deeds and other writings, or copies of them,
usually under his official seal, to make them authentic, especially
in foreign countries. His duties chiefly relate to instruments used
in commercial transactions, such as protests of negotiable paper,
ship's papers in cases of loss, damage, etc. He is generally called a
<i>notary public</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>notatus</i>
marked, p. p. of <i>notare</i> to mark.  See 5th <u>Note</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Marked with spots or lines, which are often
colored.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>No*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>notatio</i> a
marking, observing, etymology, fr. <i>notare</i> to mark, <i>nota</i>
a mark: cf. F. <i>notation</i>. See 5th <u>Note</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of recording anything by
marks, figures, or characters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any particular system of characters,
symbols, or abbreviated expressions used in art or science, to
express briefly technical facts, quantities, etc. Esp., the system of
figures, letters, and signs used in arithmetic and algebra to express
number, quantity, or operations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Literal or etymological
signification.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"Conscience" is a Latin word, and, according to the
very <i>notation</i> of it, imports a double or joint
knowledge.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Notch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to <i>nock</i>; cf.
OD. <i>nock</i>, OSw. <i>nocka</i>.  Cf. <u>Nick</u> a notch.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hollow cut in anything; a nick; an
indentation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And on the stick ten equal <i>notches</i>
makes.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow passage between two elevation; a
deep, close pass; a defile; as, the <i>notch</i> of a
mountain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Notch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Notched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Notching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut or make notches in ;
to indent; also, to score by notches; as, to <i>notch</i> a
stick.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fit the notch of (an arrow) to the
string.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God is all sufferance; here he doth show<BR>
No arrow <i>notched</i>, only a stringless bow.</blockquote>
<i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Notch"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i>
<def>The board which receives the ends of the steps in a
staircase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Notch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of making notches; the act of cutting into small
hollows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The small hollow, or hollows, cut; a notch
or notches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A method of joining
timbers, scantling, etc., by notching them, as at the ends, and
overlapping or interlocking the notched portions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>A method of excavating, as
in a bank, by a series of cuttings side by side. See also
<u>Gulleting</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Notch"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A foul-smelling weed, the stinking goosefoot (<i>Chenopodium
Vulvaria</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Note</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hn&imacr;tan</i> to strike against, imp. <i>hn&amacr;t</i>.]
<def>To butt; to push with the horns.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Note</hw> (?). [AS. <i>n&amacr;t</i>; <i>ne</i> not +
<i>w&amacr;t</i> wot. See <u>Not</u>, and <u>Wot</u>.] <def>Know not;
knows not.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Note</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Nut.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Note</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>notu</i> use, profit.]
<def>Need; needful business.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Note</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>note</i>, L.
<i>nota</i>; akin to <i>noscere</i>, <i>notum</i>, to know. See
<u>Know</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark or token by which a
thing may be known; a visible sign; a character; a distinctive mark
or feature; a characteristic quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever appertain to the visible body of the church,
they have also the <i>notes</i> of external profession.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She [the Anglican church] has the <i>note</i> of
possession, the <i>note</i> of freedom from party titles,the
<i>note</i> of life -- a tough life and a vigorous.</blockquote>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What a <i>note</i> of youth, of imagination, of
impulsive eagerness, there was through it all  !</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Humphry Ward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mark, or sign, made to call attention,
to point out something to notice, or the like; a sign, or token,
proving or giving evidence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A brief remark; a marginal comment or
explanation; hence, an annotation on a text or author; a comment; a
critical, explanatory, or illustrative observation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best writers have been perplexed with
<i>notes</i>, and obscured with illustrations.</blockquote>
<i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A brief writing intended to assist the
memory; a memorandum; a minute.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Hence, a writing intended to be
used in speaking; memoranda to assist a speaker, being either a
synopsis, or the full text of what is to be said; as, to preach from
<i>notes</i>; also, a reporter's memoranda; the original report of a
speech or of proceedings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A short informal letter; a
billet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A diplomatic missive or written
communication.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A written or printed paper acknowledging a
debt, and promising payment; as, a promissory <i>note</i>; a
<i>note</i> of hand; a negotiable <i>note</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A list of items or of charges; an
account.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here is now the smith's <i>note</i> for
shoeing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
character, variously formed, to indicate the length of a tone, and
variously placed upon the staff to indicate its pitch. Hence:</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A musical sound; a tone; an utterance; a
tune.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A key of the piano or
organ.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wakeful bird . . . tunes her nocturnal
<i>note</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>note</i> of revolt against the eighteenth
century, which we detect in Goethe, was struck by
Winckelmann.</blockquote> <i>W. Pater.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Observation; notice; heed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give orders to my servants that they take<BR>
No <i>note</i> at all of our being absent hence.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Notification; information;
intelligence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king . . . shall have <i>note</i> of
this.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>State of being under observation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Small matters . . . continually in use and in
<i>note</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Reputation; distinction; as, a poet of
<i>note</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was scarce a family of <i>note</i> which had not
poured out its blood on the field or the scaffold.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>Stigma; brand; reproach.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Note of hand</b></col>, <cd>a promissory note.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Note</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Noted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Noting</u>.] [F. <i>noter</i>, L. <i>notare</i>, fr. <i>nota</i>.
See <u>Note</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To notice with care; to observe; to
remark; to heed; to attend to.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No more of that; I have <i>noted</i> it
well.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To record in writing; to make a memorandum
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every unguarded word . . . was <i>noted</i>
down.</blockquote> <i>Maccaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To charge, as with crime (with <i>of</i>
or <i>for</i> before the thing charged); to brand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They were both <i>noted</i> of
incontinency.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To denote; to designate.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To annotate.</def> [R.]  <i>W. H.
Dixon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To set down in musical
characters.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To note a bill</b></col> or <col><b>draft</b></col>,
<cd>to record on the back of it a refusal of acceptance, as the
ground of a protest, which is done officially by a notary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Note"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A book in which notes or memorandums are written.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A book in which notes of hand are
registered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Not"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Well known by
reputation or report; eminent; celebrated; as, a <i>noted</i> author,
or traveler.</def> -- <wf>Not"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Not"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Note"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Useful.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Note"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not attracting
notice; not conspicuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Noteless</i> as the race from which he
sprung.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Note"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
being noteless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Note"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little or short
note; a billet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Note" pa`per</hw> (?). <def>Writing paper, not exceeding in
size, when folded once, five by eight inches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Not"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who takes notice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An annotator.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Note"wor`thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy of
observation or notice; remarkable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Neither;
nor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noth"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>no</i>, a. +
<i>thing</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not anything; no thing (in the widest
sense of the word <i>thing</i>); -- opposed to <i>anything</i> and
<i>something</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet had his aspect <i>nothing</i> of
severe.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nonexistence; nonentity; absence of being;
nihility; nothingness.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thing of no account, value, or note;
something irrelevant and impertinent; something of comparative
unimportance; utter insignificance; a trifle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, ye are of <i>nothing</i>, and your work of
nought.</blockquote> <i>Is. xli. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is <i>nothing</i>, says the fool; but, says the
friend,<BR>
This <i>nothing</i>, sir, will bring you to your end.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>A cipher;
naught.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nothing but</b></col>, <cd>only; no more than.</cd>
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To make nothing of</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To make no difficulty of; to consider as
trifling or important</cd>. "We are industrious to preserve our
bodies from slavery, but we <i>make nothing of</i> suffering our
souls to be slaves to our lusts." <i>Ray.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Not to understand; as, I could <i>make nothing of</i> what he
said.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Noth"ing</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In no degree; not
at all; in no wise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adam, with such counsel <i>nothing</i>
swayed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The influence of reason in producing our passions is
<i>nothing</i> near so extensive as is commonly
believed.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Nothing off</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an order to the
steersman to keep the vessel close to the wind.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Noth`ing*a"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of no
certain belief; one belonging to no particular sect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noth"ing*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Nihility;
nothingness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Noth"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Nihility; nonexistence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being of no value; a thing of
no value.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>notitia</i> a being known, knowledge, fr. <i>noscere</i>,
<i>notum</i>, to know. See <u>Know</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of noting, remarking, or
observing; observation by the senses or intellect; cognizance;
note.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How ready is envy to mingle with the <i>notices</i> we
take of other persons !</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intelligence, by whatever means
communicated; knowledge given or received; means of knowledge;
express notification; announcement; warning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . have given him <i>notice</i> that the Duke of
Cornwall and Regan his duchess will be here.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An announcement, often accompanied by
comments or remarks; as, book <i>notices</i>; theatrical
<i>notices</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A writing communicating information or
warning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Attention; respectful treatment;
civility.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To take notice of</b></col>, <cd>to perceive especially;
to observe or treat with particular attention.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Attention; regard; remark; note; heed;
consideration; respect; civility; intelligence; advice; news.</p>

<p><hw>No"tice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Noticed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Noticing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To observe; to see to
mark; to take note of; to heed; to pay attention to.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To show that one has observed; to take
public note of; remark upon; to make comments on; to refer to; as, to
<i>notice</i> a book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This plant deserves to be <i>noticed</i> in this
place.</blockquote> <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Another circumstance was <i>noticed</i> in connection
with the suggestion last discussed.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To treat with attention and civility; as,
to <i>notice</i> strangers.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To remark; observe; perceive; see; mark; note;
mind; regard; heed; mention. See <u>Remark</u>.</p>

<p><hw>No"tice*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being observed; worthy of notice; likely to attract observation;
conspicuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>noticeable</i> man, with large gray
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"tice*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
noticeable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"ti*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
notices.</def></p>

<p><hw>No`ti*da"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; back +
&?; comely.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of
sharks of the family <i>Notidanid&aelig;</i>, or
<i>Hexanchid&aelig;</i>. Called also <i>cow sharks</i>. See
<u>Shark</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>No`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>notification</i>. See <u>Notify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of notifying, or giving notice; the act of making known;
especially, the act of giving official notice or information to the
public or to individuals, corporations, companies, or societies, by
words, by writing, or by other means.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Notice given in words or writing, or by
signs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The writing which communicates
information; an advertisement, or citation, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Notified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Notifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>notifier</i>, L. <i>notificare</i>;
<i>notus</i> known (p. p. of <i>noscere</i> to known) + <i>-
ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>Know</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make known; to declare; to publish; as,
to <i>notify</i> a fact to a person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No law can bind till it be <i>notified</i> or
promulged.</blockquote> <i>Sowth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give notice to; to inform by notice; to
apprise; as, the constable has <i>notified</i> the citizens to meet
at the city hall; the bell <i>notifies</i> us of the time of
meeting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The President of the United States has <i>notified</i>
the House of Representatives that he has approved and signed the
act.</blockquote> <i>Journal of the Senate, U. S.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This application of <i>notify</i> has been condemned; but
it is in constant good use in the United States, and in perfect
accordance with the use of <i>certify</i>.</p>

<p><hw>No"tion</hw> (?), [L. <i>notio</i>, fr. <i>noscere</i> to
know: cf. F. <i>notion</i>. See <u>Know</u>.]   <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Mental apprehension of whatever may be known or imagined; an
idea; a conception; more properly, a general or universal conception,
as distinguishable or definable by marks or
<i>not&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What hath been generally agreed on, I content myself
to assume under the <i>notion</i> of principles.</blockquote> <i>Sir
I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Few agree in their <i>notions</i> about these
words.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>notion</i> of hunger, cold, sound, color,
thought, wish, or fear which is in the mind, is called the "idea" of
hunger, cold, etc.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Notion</i>, again, signifies either the act of
apprehending, signalizing, that is, the remarking or taking note of,
the various notes, marks, or characters of an object which its
qualities afford, or the result of that act.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sentiment; an opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The extravagant <i>notion</i> they entertain of
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A perverse will easily collects together a system of
<i>notions</i> to justify itself in its obliquity.</blockquote> <i>J.
H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sense; mind.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An invention; an ingenious device; a
knickknack; as, Yankee <i>notions</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Inclination; intention; disposition; as, I
have a <i>notion</i> to do it.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>No"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of, or conveying, notions or ideas; expressing
abstract conceptions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Existing in idea only; visionary;
whimsical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Discourses of speculative and <i>notional</i>
things.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Given to foolish or visionary
expectations; whimsical; fanciful; as, a <i>notional</i>
man.</def></p>

<p><hw>No`tion*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A notional
or groundless opinion.</def> [R.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"tion*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In mental
apprehension; in conception; not in reality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two faculties . . . <i>notionally</i> or really
distinct.</blockquote> <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"tion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Notional.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>No"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose opinions
are ungrounded notions.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hopkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
annotator.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||No`to*bran`chi*a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Notum</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A division of nudibranchiate mollusks having
gills upon the back.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
Dorsibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>No`to*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Notobranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"to*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the back +
E. <i>chord</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An elastic cartilagelike rod
which is developed beneath the medullary groove in the vertebrate
embryo, and constitutes the primitive axial skeleton around which the
centra of the vertebr&aelig; and the posterior part of the base of
the skull are developed; the <i>chorda dorsalis</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ectoderm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>No`to*chor"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the notochord; having a notochord.</def></p>

<p><hw>No`to*don"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
back + <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of bombycid moths
belonging to <i>Notodonta</i>, <i>Nerice</i>, and allied genera. The
caterpillar of these moths has a hump, or spine, on its
back.</def></p>

<p><hw>||No`to*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Notopodia</b></plw> (#), <plw><b>E</b></plw>.
<plw><b>Notopodiums</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the back + &?;,
&?;, the foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dorsal lobe or branch of
a parapodium. See <u>Parapodium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>No`to*rhi"zal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the back
+ &?; a root.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the radicle of the embryo
lying against the back of one of the cotyledons; incumbent.</def></p>

<p><! p. 984 !></p>

<p><hw>No`to*ri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>notori&eacute;t&eacute;</i>. See <u>Notorious</u>.] <def>The
quality or condition of being notorious; the state of being generally
or publicly known; -- commonly used in an unfavorable sense; as, the
<i>notoriety</i> of a crime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were not subjects in their own nature so exposed
to public <i>notoriety</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>No*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>notorius</i> pointing out, making known, fr. <i>noscere</i>,
<i>notum</i>, to known: cf. F. <i>notoire</i>. See <u>Know</u>.]
<def>Generally known and talked of by the public; universally
believed to be true; manifest to the world; evident; -- usually in an
unfavorable sense; as, a <i>notorious</i> thief; a <i>notorious</i>
crime or vice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your goodness,<BR>
Since you provoke me, shall be most <i>notorious</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Distinguished; remarkable; conspicuous; celebrated;
noted; famous; renowned.</p>

<p>-- <wf>No*to"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>No*to"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||No*tor"nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
the south, or southwest + &?; bird.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus
of birds allied to the gallinules, but having rudimentary wings and
incapable of flight. <i>Notornis Mantelli</i> was first known as a
fossil bird of New Zealand, but subsequently a few individuals were
found living on the southern island. It is supposed to be now nearly
or quite extinct.</def></p>

<p><hw>||No`to*the"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; the south + &?; a wild animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
extinct genus of gigantic herbivorous marsupials, found in the
Pliocene formation of Australia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||No`to*tre"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; back + &?; a hole.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pouched, or
marsupial, frog of South America.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Not"-pat`ed</hw> (?), <hw>Nott"-pat`ed</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Nott-headed</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Not"self`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metaph.)</i>
<def>The negative of <i>self</i>.</def> "A cognizance of
<i>notself</i>."  <i>Sir. W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nott</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hnot</i> shorn.]
<def>Shorn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nott</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shear.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Stow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nott"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
hair cut close.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Not*tur"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Nocturne</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||No"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nota</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The back.</def></p>

<p><hw>||No"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<def>The south wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Not"wheat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nott</i> +
<i>wheat</i>.] <def>Wheat not bearded.</def>  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Not`with*stand"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>
<def>Without prevention, or obstruction from or by; in spite
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We gentil women bee<BR>
Loth to displease any wight,<BR>
<i>Notwithstanding</i> our great right.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer's
Dream.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those on whom Christ bestowed miraculous cures were so
transported that their gratitude made them, <i>notwithstanding</i>
his prohibition, proclaim the wonders he had done.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Notwithstanding</i> was, by Johnson and Webster, viewed
as a participle absolute, an English equivalent of the Latin <i>non
obstante</i>. Its several meanings, either as preposition, adverb, or
conjunction, are capable of being explained in this view. Later
grammarians, while admitting that the word was originally a
participle, and can be treated as such, prefer to class it as a
preposition or disjunctive conjunction.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- In spite of; despite.  -- <u>Notwithstanding</u>,
<u>In spite of</u>, <u>Despite</u>. These words and phrases are often
interchanged, but there is a difference between them, chiefly in
strength. <i>Notwithstanding</i> is the weaker term, and simply
points to some obstacle that may exist; as, I shall go,
<i>notwithstanding</i> the rain. <i>In spite</i> or <i>despite of</i>
has reference primarily to active opposition to be encountered from
others; as, "I'll be, in man's <i>despite</i>, a monarch; " "I'll
keep mine own, <i>despite of</i> all the world." <i>Shak.</i> Hence,
these words, when applied to <i>things</i>, suppose greater
opposition than <i>notwithstanding</i>. We should say. "He was thrust
rudely out of doors <i>in spite of</i> his entreaties," rather than
"<i>notwithstanding</i>". On the other hand, it would be more civil
to say, "<i>Notwithstanding</i> all you have said, I must still
differ with you."</p>

<p><hw>Not`with*stand"ing</hw>, <pos><i>adv. or conj.</i></pos>
[Originally the participle of <i>withstand</i>, with <i>not</i>
prefixed.] <def>Nevertheless; however; although; as, I shall go,
<i>notwithstanding</i> it rains.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will surely rend the kingdom from thee, and will
give it to thy servant. <i>Notwithstanding</i>, in thy days I will
not do it.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xi. 11, 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They which honor the law as an image of the wisdom of
God himself, are, <i>notwithstanding</i>, to know that the same had
an end in Christ.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You did wisely and honestly too,
<i>notwithstanding</i><BR>
She is the greatest beauty in the parish.</blockquote>
<i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Notwithstanding that</b></col>, <cd>notwithstanding;
although.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>These days were ages to him, <i>notwithstanding
that</i> he was basking in the smiles of the pretty
Mary.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nouch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ouch</u>.]
<def>An ouch; a jewel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Nou`gat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A cake,
sweetmeat, or confecti&oacute;n made with almonds or other
nuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nought</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Naught</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nould</hw> (?). [Contr. fr. <i>ne would</i>.] <def>Would
not.</def> [Obs.] "By those who <i>nould</i> repent."
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Noll</u>.]
<def>The top of the head; the head or noll.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nou"me*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Metaph.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the noumenon; real; -- opposed to
<i>phenomenal</i>.</def>  <i>G. H. Lewes.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Nou"me*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. fr. Gr. &?;
the thing perceived, p. pr. pass. of &?; to perceive, &?; the mind.]
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The of itself unknown and unknowable rational
object, or <i>thing in itself</i>, which is distinguished from the
<i>phenomenon</i> through which it is apprehended by the senses, and
by which it is interpreted and understood; -- so used in the
philosophy of Kant and his followers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>noun</i>,
<i>nun</i>, <i>num</i>, <i>non</i>, <i>nom</i>, F. <i>nom</i>, fr. L.
<i>nomen</i> name. See <u>Name</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word used
as the designation or appellation of a creature or thing, existing in
fact or in thought; a substantive.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By some grammarians the term <i>noun</i> is so used as to
include adjectives, as being descriptive; but in general it is
limited to substantives.</p>

<p><hw>Noun"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a noun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Verbs which in whole or in part have shed their old
<i>nounal</i> coat.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noun"ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To change (an
adjective, verb, etc.) into a noun.</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nour"ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nurse.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nour"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nourished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nourishing</u>.] [OE. <i>norisen</i>, <i>norischen</i>, OF.
<i>nurir</i>, <i>nurrir</i>, <i>norir</i>, F. <i>norrir</i>, fr. L.
<i>nutrire</i>.  Cf. <u>Nurse</u>, <u>Nutriment</u>, and see <u>-
ish</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feed and cause to grow; to supply with
matter which increases bulk or supplies waste, and promotes health;
to furnish with nutriment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He planteth an ash, and the rain doth <i>nourish</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Is. xliv. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To support; to maintain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whiles I in Ireland <i>nourish</i> a mighty
band.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To supply the means of support and
increase to; to encourage; to foster; as, to <i>nourish</i>
rebellion; to <i>nourish</i> the virtues.</def> "<i>Nourish</i> their
contentions."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cherish; to comfort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye have <i>nourished</i> your hearts.</blockquote>
<i>James v. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To educate; to instruct; to bring up; to
nurture; to promote the growth of in attainments.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Nourished</i> up in the words of
faith.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. iv. 6.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To cherish; feed; supply. See <u>Nurture</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Nour"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To promote growth; to furnish nutriment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grains and roots <i>nourish</i> more than their
leaves.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gain nourishment.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nour"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nurse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hoolland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nour"ish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nourrissable</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being nourished; as, the
<i>nourishable</i> parts of the body.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of giving nourishment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nour"ish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, nourishes.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nour"ish*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Promoting growth;
nutritious,</def></p>

<p><hw>Nour"ish*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Nutritively;
cherishingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nour"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>norrissement</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of nourishing, or the state of
being nourished; nutrition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which serves to nourish; nutriment;
food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Learn to seek the <i>nourishment</i> of their
souls.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nour"i*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Nurture.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nour"sle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Freq., fr. OE.
<i>nourse</i>. See <u>Nurse</u>.] <def>To nurse; to rear; to bring
up.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>nosel</i>, <i>nousel</i>,
<i>nousle</i>, <i>nowsle</i>, <i>nusle</i>, <i>nuzzle</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>noursled</i> him till years he
raught.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; mind.]
<def>Intellect; understanding; talent; -- used humorously.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nous"el</hw>, <hw>Nou"sle</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [See <u>Noose</u>.] <def>To insnare; to entrap.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nou"the</hw>, <hw>Now"the</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[<i>Now</i> + <i>the</i>.] <def>Just now; at present.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But thereof needeth not to speak as
<i>nouthe</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>No*vac"u*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>novacula</i> a sharp knife, razor: cf. F. <i>novaculite</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of siliceous slate, of which hones are
made; razor stone; Turkey stone; hone stone; whet slate.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*va"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of the sect of <i>Novatius</i>, or <i>Novatianus</i>, who
held that the lapsed might not be received again into communion with
the church, and that second marriages are unlawful.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*va"tian*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrines or principles of the Novatians.</def>  <i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><hw>No*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>novatio</i>;
<i>novus</i> new: cf. F. <i>novation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Innovation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I shall easily grant that <i>novations</i> in religion
are a main cause of distempers in commonwealths.</blockquote>
<i>Laud.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A substitution of a new debt
for an old one; also, the remodeling of an old obligation.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*va"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
innovator.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nov"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>novel</i>,
<i>nuvel</i>, F. <i>nouvel</i>, <i>nouveau</i>, L. <i>novellus</i>,
dim. of <i>novus</i> new. See <u>New</u>.] <def>Of recent origin or
introduction; not ancient; new; hence, out of the ordinary course;
unusual; strange; surprising.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In civil law, the <i>novel</i> or new constitutions are
those which are supplemental to the code, and posterior in time to
the other books. These contained new decrees of successive
emperors.</p>

<p><col><b>Novel assignment</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a new
assignment or specification of a suit.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- New; recent; modern; fresh; strange; uncommon;
rare; unusual.  -- <u>Novel</u>, <u>New</u> . Everything at its first
occurrence is <i>new</i>; that is <i>novel</i> which is so much out
of the ordinary course as to strike us with surprise. That is a
<i>new</i> sight which is beheld for the first time; that is a
<i>novel</i> sight which either was never seen before or is seen but
seldom. We have daily <i>new</i> inventions, but a <i>novel</i> one
supposes some very peculiar means of attaining its end. <i>Novel</i>
theories are regarded with distrust, as likely to prove more
ingenious than sound.</p>

<p><hw>Nov"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>nouvelle</i>. See
<u>Novel</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is new or unusual; a
novelty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>News; fresh tidings.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some came of curiosity to hear some
<i>novels</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fictitious tale or narrative, professing
to be conformed to real life; esp., one intended to exhibit the
operation of the passions, and particularly of love.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [L. <i>novellae</i> (sc.
<i>constitutiones</i>): cf. F. <i>novelles</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
new or supplemental constitution. See the Note under <u>Novel</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Nov`el*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>novel</i>, n. See <u>Novel</u>.] <def>A short novel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nov"el*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Innovation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nov"el*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An innovator; an asserter of novelty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>nouvelliste</i>, It.
<i>novellista</i>.] <def>A writer of news.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tatler
(178).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>nouvelliste</i>.] <def>A writer of a
novel or novels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nov"el*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
innovate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nov"el*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Novelized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Novelizing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To innovate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put into the form of novels; to
represent by fiction.</def> "To <i>novelize</i> history."  <i>Sir J.
Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nov"el*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>novelerie</i>.] <def>Novelty; new things.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nov"el*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Novelties</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>novelt&eacute;</i>, F.
<i>nouveaut&eacute;</i>, L. <i>novellitas</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being novel;
newness; freshness; recentness of origin or introduction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Novelty</i> is the great parent of
pleasure.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something novel; a new or strange
thing.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*vem"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>November</i>,
or <i>Novembris</i> (sc. <i>mensis</i>), the ninth month of the old
Roman year, which began with March, fr. <i>novem</i> nine: cf. F.
<i>Novembre</i>. See <u>Nine</u>.] <def>The eleventh month of the
year, containing thirty days.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nov"e*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>novenarius</i>, from <i>novem</i> nine.] <def>Of or pertaining to
the number nine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nov"e*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The number of nine
units; nine, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"vene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>novenus</i> nine
each, in LL., ninth, fr. L. <i>novem</i> nine.] <def>Relating to, or
dependent on, the number nine; novenary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The triple and <i>novene</i> division ran
throughout.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>No*ven"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>novennis</i> of nine years; <i>novem</i> nine + <i>annus</i>
year.] <def>Done or recurring every ninth year.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*ver"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>novennis</i>
of nine years; <i>novem</i> nine + <i>annus</i> year.] <def>Done or
recurring every ninth year.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*ver"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>novercalis</i>, from <i>noverca</i> a stepmother.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a stepmother; suitable to, or in the manner of, a
stepmother.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nov"ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>novicius</i>, <i>novitius</i>, new, from <i>novus</i> new. See
<u>New</u>, and cf. <u>Novitious</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is new in any business,
profession, or calling; one unacquainted or unskilled; one yet in the
rudiments; a beginner; a tyro.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am young; a <i>novice</i> in the trade.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One newly received into the church, or one
newly converted to the Christian faith.</def>  <i>1 Tim. iii.
6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One who enters a religious
house, whether of monks or nuns, as a probationist.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No poore cloisterer, nor no <i>novys</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nov"ice</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a novice;
becoming a novice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nov"ice*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a novice; novitiate.</def></p>

<p><hw>No`vi*lu"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>novus</i>
new + <i>luna</i> the moon.] <def>Of or pertaining to the new
moon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>No*vi"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>novitiatus</i>: cf. F. <i>noviciat</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being a novice; time of
initiation or instruction in rudiments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Time of probation in a religious
house before taking the vows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who is going through a novitiate, or
period of probation; a novice.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The place where novices live or are
trained.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>No*vi"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>novitius</i>, <i>novicius</i>.] <def>Newly invented; recent;
new.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nov"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>novitas</i>,
fr. <i>novus</i> new.] <def>Newness; novelty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"vum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game at dice,
properly called <i>novem quinque</i> (L., nine five), the two
principal throws being nine and five.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Now</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nou</i>,
<i>nu</i>, AS. <i>n&umacr;</i>, <i>nu</i>; akin to D., OS., &amp; OHG.
<i>nu</i>, G. <i>nu</i>, <i>nun</i>, Icel., <i>n&umacr;</i>, Dan.,
Sw., &amp; Goth. <i>nu</i>, L. <i>nunc</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, Skr. <i>nu</i>,
<i>n&umacr;</i>. &radic;193.  Cf. <u>New</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At the present time; at this moment; at
the time of speaking; instantly; as, I will write
<i>now</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a patient <i>now</i> living, at an advanced
age, who discharged blood from his lungs thirty years
ago.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very lately; not long ago.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that but <i>now</i>, for honor and for plate,<BR>
Made the sea blush with blood, resign their hate.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>At a time contemporaneous with something
spoken of or contemplated; at a particular time referred
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ship was <i>now</i> in the midst of the
sea.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiv. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In present circumstances; things being as
they are; -- hence, used as a connective particle, to introduce an
inference or an explanation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How shall any man distinguish <i>now</i> betwixt a
parasite and a man of honor ?</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should he live, <i>now</i> nature bankrupt is
?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then cried they all again, saying, Not this man, but
Barabbas.  <i>Now</i>, Barabbas was a robber.</blockquote> <i>John
xviii. 40.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The other great and undoing mischief which befalls men
is, by their being misrepresented. <i>Now</i>, by calling evil good,
a man is misrepresented to others in the way of slander.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Now and again</b></col>, <cd>now and then;
occasionally.</cd> -- <col><b>Now and now</b></col>, <cd>again and
again; repeatedly.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Now and
then</b></col>, <cd>at one time and another; indefinitely;
occasionally; not often; at intervals.</cd> "A mead here, there a
heath, and <i>now and then</i> a wood." <i>Drayton.</i> --
<col><b>Now now</b></col>, <cd>at this very instant; precisely
now.</cd> [Obs.] "Why, even <i>now now</i>, at holding up of this
finger, and before the turning down of this." <i>J. Webster
(1607).</i> -- <col><b>Now . . . now</b></col>, <cd>alternately; at
one time . . . at another time.</cd> "<i>Now</i> high, <i>now</i>
low, <i>now</i> master up, <i>now</i> miss." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Now</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Existing at the present
time; present.</def> [R.] "Our <i>now</i> happiness."
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Now</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The present time or
moment; the present.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing is there to come, and nothing past;<BR>
But an eternal <i>now</i> does ever last.</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><! p. 985 !></p>

<p><hw>Now"a*days`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [For <i>now
on</i> (OE. <i>an</i>) <i>days</i>. See <u>A-</u>, 1.] <def>In these
days; at the present time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What men of spirit, <i>nowadays</i>,<BR>
Come to give sober judgment of new plays ?</blockquote>
<i>Garrick.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>No"way`</hw> (?), <hw>No"ways`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>No</i>, a. + <i>way.</i> Cf. <u>-
wards</u>.] <def>In no manner or degree; not at all;
nowise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But Ireland will <i>noways</i> allow that name unto
it.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nowch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Nouch</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nowd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European gray gurnard (<i>Trigla gurnardus</i>).</def>
[Written also <i>knoud</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Now"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>nou&eacute;</i>,
p. p. of <i>nouer</i> to knot, fr. L. <i>nodare</i>. See
<u>Nodated</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Knotted; tied in a knot, as a
serpent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Now"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Noel</u>.]
[Written also <i>no&euml;l</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Christmas; also, a shout of joy at
Christmas for the birth of the Savior.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kind of hymn, or canticle,
of medi&aelig;val origin, sung in honor of the Nativity of our Lord;
a Christmas carol.</def>  <i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><hw>Now"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>noyau</i>, prop., a
kernel. See <u>Noyau</u>, <u>Newel</u> a post.] <i>(Founding)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The core, or the inner part, of a mold for
casting a large hollow object.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
bottom part of a mold or of a flask, in distinction from the cope;
the drag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nowes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [From OF.
<i>nous</i>. See <u>Noose</u>, <u>Node</u>.] <def>The marriage
knot.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"where`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>n&amacr;hw&aemacr;r</i>. See <u>No</u>, and <u>Where</u>.]
<def>Not anywhere; not in any place or state; as, the book is
<i>nowhere</i> to be found.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"whith`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>No</i> +
<i>whither</i>.] <def>Not anywhither; in no direction; nowhere.</def>
[Archaic] "Thy servant went <i>nowhither</i>."  <i>2 Kings v.
25.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [For <i>in no
wise</i>. See <u>Wise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Not in any
manner or degree; in no way; noways.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others whose case is <i>nowise</i>
different.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nowt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Neat cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Now"the</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Nouthe</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nox"ious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>noxius</i>, fr.
<i>noxa</i> harm; akin to <i>nocere</i> to harm, hurt.  Cf.
<u>Nuisance</u>, <u>Necromancy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hurtful; harmful; baneful; pernicious;
injurious; destructive; unwholesome; insalubrious; as, <i>noxious</i>
air, food, or climate; pernicious; corrupting to morals; as,
<i>noxious</i> practices or examples.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too frequent an appearance in places of public resort
is <i>noxious</i> to spiritual promotions.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Guilty; criminal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those who are <i>noxious</i> in the eye of the
law.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Noisome; hurtful; harmful; injurious; destructive;
pernicious; mischievous; corrupting; baneful; unwholesome;
insalubrious. See <u>Noisome</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Nox"ious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Nox"ious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Noy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Annoy</u>.]
<def>To annoy; to vex.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All that <i>noyed</i> his heavy spright.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which annoys.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noy"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Annoyance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Noy`au"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop., the stone
or nut of a fruit, fr. L. <i>nucalis</i> like a nut. See <u>Newel</u>
a post.] <def>A cordial of brandy, etc., flavored with the kernel of
the bitter almond, or of the peach stone, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noy"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An annoyer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noy"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
annoyance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Noyls</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Noils</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noy"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Annoying;
disagreeable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Watch the <i>noyous</i> night, and wait for &?; yous
day.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>No"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Nozzle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Noz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A dim. of <i>nose</i>.
&radic;261] [Written also <i>nosle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
nose; the snout; hence, the projecting vent of anything; as, the
<i>nozzle</i> of a bellows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A short
tube, usually tapering, forming the vent of a hose or pipe.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def> A short outlet, or inlet, pipe projecting
from the end or side of a hollow vessel, as a steam-engine cylinder
or a steam boiler.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nu`ance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A shade of
difference; a delicate gradation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nub</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Knob</u>.]
<def>To push; to nudge; also, to beckon.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Nub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A jag, or snag; a knob; a
protuberance; also, the point or gist, as of a story.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Nub"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small or
imperfect ear of maize.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Nub"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. LG.
<i>nubben</i> to knock, cuff.] <def>To beat or bruise with the
fist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Nu*bec"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nubecul&aelig;</b></plw> (-l&emacr;). [L., dim. of
<i>nubes</i> cloud.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A nebula.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>pl.</i> <def>Specifically, the Magellanic clouds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A slight
spot on the cornea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A cloudy object or
appearance in urine.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nu"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>nubes</i>
cloud.] <def>A light fabric of wool, worn on the head by women; a
cloud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"bi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Nubia in Eastern Africa.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native of Nubia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*bif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nubifer</i>; <i>nubes</i> cloud + <i>ferre</i> to bear: cf. F.
<i>nubif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Bringing, or producing,
clouds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*big"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nubes</i>
cloud + <i>-genous</i>.] <def>Born of, or produced from,
clouds.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Nu"bi*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nubilatus</i>, p. p. of <i>nubilare</i> to cloud, fr. <i>nubes</i>
cloud.] <def>To cloud.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nu"bile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nubilis</i>, fr.
<i>nubere</i> to marry: cf. F. <i>nubile</i>. See <u>Nuptial</u>.]
<def>Of an age suitable for marriage; marriageable.</def>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nu*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nubilit&eacute;</i> .] <def>The state of being marriageable.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Nu"bi*lose`</hw> (?), <hw>Nu"bi*lous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nubilosus</i>, <i>nubilus</i>, fr.
<i>nubes</i> cloud.] <def>Cloudy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Nu"ca*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nucamenta</i>
fir cones, fr. <i>nux</i>, <i>nucis</i>, a nut.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
catkin or ament; the flower cluster of the hazel, pine, willow, and
the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu`ca*men*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Nucament</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Like a nut either in structure
or in being indehiscent; bearing one-seeded nutlike fruits.</def>
[Written also <i>nucumentaceous</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Nu*cel"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nucelli</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of <i>nux</i>,
<i>nucis</i>, a nut.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Nucleus</u>, 3
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nu"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nuch&?;</b></plw> (#). [LL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
back or upper part of the neck; the nape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>nucal</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the back,
or nape, of the neck; -- applied especially to the anterior median
plate in the carapace of turtles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nux</i>,
<i>nucis</i>, nut + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing, or producing,
nuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nux</i>,
<i>nucis</i>, nut + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Shaped like a
nut; nut-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nux</i>,
<i>nucis</i>, a nut.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Juglone</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nu"cle*al</hw> (?), <hw>Nu"cle*ar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a nucleus; as, the
<i>nuclear</i> spindle (see <i>Illust</i>. of <u>Karyokinesis</u>) or
the <i>nuclear</i> fibrils of a cell; the <i>nuclear</i> part of a
comet, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"cle*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nucleatus</i>
having a kernel.] <def>Having a nucleus; nucleated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"cle*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>nucleare</i> to become kernelly.] <def>To gather, as about a
nucleus or center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"cle*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
nucleus; nucleate; as, <i>nucleated</i> cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*cle"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nucleus</i> kernel + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Formed like a nucleus or
kernel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"cle*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A constituent of the nuclei of all cells. It is a
colorless amorphous substance, readily soluble in alkaline fluids and
especially characterized by its comparatively large content of
phosphorus. It also contains nitrogen and sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"cle*o*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Nucleobranchiata.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Nucleobranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nu`cle*o*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>Nucleus</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Heteropoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nu`cle*o*id`i*o*plas"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Nucleus</u>, and <u>Idioplasma</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Hyaline plasma contained in the nucleus of vegetable
cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*cle"o*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the nucleolus of a cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"cle*o*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
nucleole, or second inner nucleus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"cle*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Nucleolus</u>.] <def>The nucleus within a nucleus;
nucleolus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*cle"o*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nucleoli</b></plw> (#). [L., a little nut, dim. of
<i>nucleus</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little nucleus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A small rounded body
contained in the nucleus of a cell or a protozoan.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It was termed by Agassiz the <i>entoblast</i>. In the
protozoa, where it may be situated on one side of the nucleus, it is
sometimes called the <i>endoplastule</i>, and is supposed to be
concerned in the male part of the reproductive process. See
<u>Nucleus</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Nu"cle*o*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nucleus</i>
+ <i>-plasm</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The matter composing the
nucleus of a cell; the protoplasm of the nucleus;
karyoplasma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu`cle*o*plas"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to nucleoplasm; -- esp. applied
to a body formed in the developing ovum from the plasma of the
nucleus of the germinal vesicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"cle*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Nucleuses</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Nuclei</b></plw> (#).
[L., a kernel, dim. fr. <i>nux</i>, <i>nucis</i>, nut.  Cf.
<u>Newel</u> post.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kernel; hence, a central mass or point
about which matter is gathered, or to which accretion is made; the
central or material portion; -- used both literally and
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It must contain within itself a <i>nucleus</i> of
truth.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The body or the head of a
comet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
incipient ovule of soft cellular tissue.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A whole seed, as contained within the seed coats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A body, usually spheroidal,
in a cell or a protozoan, distinguished from the surrounding
protoplasm by a difference in refrangibility and in behavior towards
chemical reagents. It is more or less protoplasmic, and consists of a
clear fluid (achromatin) through which extends a network of fibers
(chromatin) in which may be suspended a second rounded body, the
nucleolus (see <u>Nucleoplasm</u>). See <i>Cell division</i>, under
<u>Division</u>.</def>
</p>

<p>&fist; The nucleus is sometimes termed the <i>endoplast</i> or
<i>endoblast</i>, and in the protozoa is supposed to be concerned in
the female part of the reproductive process. See
<u>Karyokinesis</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The tip, or earliest part, of a univalve or bivalve shell.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The central part around which additional
growths are added, as of an operculum.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A visceral mass, containing the stomach and other organs, in
Tunicata and some mollusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nu"cu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., little nut,
dim. of <i>nux</i>, <i>nucis</i>, a nut.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of small marine bivalve shells, having a pearly
interior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"cule</hw> (n&umacr;"k&usl;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nucula</i> a small nut.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Nutlet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu`cu*men*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Nucamentaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nudatio</i>,
fr. <i>nudare</i> to make naked, fr. <i>nudus</i> naked. See
<u>Nude</u>.] <def>The act of stripping, or making bare or
naked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nud"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To walk quickly
with the head bent forward; -- often with <i>along</i>.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Nude</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nudus</i>. See
<u>Naked</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bare; naked; unclothed; undraped; as, a
<i>nude</i> statue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Naked; without consideration;
void; as, a <i>nude</i> contract. See <u>Nudum pactum</u>.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The nude</b></col>, <cd>the undraped human figure in
art.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Nude"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>- <wf>Nude"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nudge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nudge&?;</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nudging</u>.] [Cf. Prov. G. <i>kn&uuml;tschen</i> to squeeze,
pinch, E. <i>Knock</i>.] <def>To touch gently, as with the elbow, in
order to call attention or convey intimation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nudge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gentle push, or
jog, as with the elbow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu`di*brach"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nudus</i> naked + <i>brachium</i> an arm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having tentacles without vibratile cilia.</def>
<i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nu"di*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Nudibranchiata.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Nudibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nu`di*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Nude</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of opisthobranchiate mollusks, having no shell except while
very young. The gills are naked and situated upon the back or sides.
See <u>Ceratobranchia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu`di*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Nudibranch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"di*caul</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nudus</i>
naked + <i>caulis</i> stem.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the stems
leafless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu`di*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nudus</i> naked + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-
fy</u>.] <def>The act of making nude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nudities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>nudit&eacute;</i> .]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being nude;
nakedness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is nude or naked; naked part;
undraped or unclothed portion; esp. <i>(Fine Arts)</i>, the human
figure represented unclothed; any representation of nakedness; --
chiefly used in the plural and in a bad sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are no such licenses permitted in poetry any
more than in painting, to design and color obscene
<i>nudities</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Nu"dum pac"tum</hw> (?). [L., a nude pact.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A bare, naked contract, without any consideration.</def>
<i>Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nu*gac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nugacitas</i>, fr. <i>nugax</i>, <i>-acis</i>, trifling.]
<def>Futility; trifling talk or behavior; drollery.</def> [R.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Nu"g&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Trifles; jests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>nugation</i>.] <def>The act or practice of trifling.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nu"ga*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nugatorius</i>, fr. <i>nugari</i> to trifle, <i>nugae</i> jests,
trifles.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Trifling; vain; futile;
insignificant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of no force; inoperative;
ineffectual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If all are pardoned, and pardoned as a mere act of
clemency, the very substance of government is made
<i>nugatory</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nug"get</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Earlier <i>niggot</i>,
prob. for <i>nigot</i>, <i>an ingot</i>. See <u>Ingot</u>.] <def>A
lump; a mass, esp. a native lump of a precious metal; as, a
<i>nugget</i> of gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"gi*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>nuggae</i>
trifles + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To render trifling or futile; to make
silly.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nui"sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>noisance</i>,
OF. <i>noisance</i>, <i>nuisance</i>, fr. L. <i>nocentia</i> guilt,
fr. <i>nocere</i> to hurt, harm; akin to <i>necare</i> to kill. Cf
<u>Necromancy</u>, <u>Nocent</u>, <u>Noxious</u>, <u>Pernicious</u>.]
<def>That which annoys or gives trouble and vexation; that which is
offensive or noxious.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Nuisances</i> are <i>public</i> when they annoy citizens
in general; <i>private</i>, when they affect individuals only.</p>

<p><hw>Nui"san*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who makes or causes a nuisance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nul</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Null</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Law)</i> <def>No; not any; as, <i>nul</i>
disseizin; <i>nul</i> tort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Null</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nullus</i> not any,
none; <i>ne</i> not + <i>ullus</i> any, a dim. of <i>unus</i> one;
cf. F. <i>nul</i>. See <u>No</u>, and <u>One</u>, and cf.
<u>None</u>.] <def>Of no legal or binding force or validity; of no
efficacy; invalid; void; nugatory; useless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Faultily faultless, icily regular, splendidly
<i>null</i>,<BR>
Dead perfection; no more.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Null</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something that has no force or meaning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which has no value; a cipher;
zero.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Null method</b></col> <i>(Physics.)</i>, <cd>a zero
method. See under <u>Zero</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Null</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <i>null</i>, a., or
perh. abbrev. from <i>annul</i>.] <def>To annul.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Null</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>One
of the beads in nulled work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nulled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Turned so as to
resemble nulls.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nulled work</b></col> <i>(Cabinetwork)</i>, <cd>ornamental
turned work resembling nulls or beads strung on a rod.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nul`li*bi"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nullibi</i> nowhere.] <def>The state or condition of being
nowhere.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nul`li*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nullificatio</i> contempt. See <u>Nullify</u>.] <def>The act of
nullifying; a rendering void and of no effect, or of no legal
effect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Right of nullification</b></col> (U. S. Hist.), <cd>the
right claimed in behalf of a State to nullify or make void, by its
sovereign act or decree, an enactment of the general government which
it deems unconstitutional.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nul`li*fid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nullus</i> none + <i>fide&?;</i> faith.] <def>Of no faith; also,
not trusting to faith for salvation; -- opposed to
<i>solifidian</i>.</def>  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nul`li*fid"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
unbeliever.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nul"li*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
nullifies or makes void; one who maintains the right to nullify a
contract by one of the parties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nul"li*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nullified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nullifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>nullificare</i>; <i>nullus</i> none +
<i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>Null</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <def>To make void; to render
invalid; to deprive of legal force or efficacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such correspondence would at once <i>nullify</i> the
conditions of the probationary system.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abrogate; revoke; annul; repeal; invalidate;
cancel. See <u>Abolish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Nul"li*pore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nullus</i>
none + <i>porus</i> pope.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name for certain
crustaceous marine alg&aelig; which secrete carbonate of lime on
their surface, and were formerly thought to be of animal nature. They
are now considered corallines of the genera <i>Melobesia</i> and
<i>Lithothamnion</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 986 !></p>

<p><hw>Nul"li*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nullities</b></plw>. [LL. <i>nullitias</i>, fr. L.
<i>nullus</i> none: cf. F. <i>nullit&eacute;</i> . See
<u>Null</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being null;
nothingness; want of efficacy or force.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Nonexistence; as, a decree of
<i>nullity</i> of marriage is a decree that no legal marriage
exists.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is null.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Was it not absurd to say that the convention was
supreme in the state, and yet a <i>nullity</i> ?</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Numb</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nume</i>,
<i>nome</i>, prop., seized, taken, p. p. of <i>nimen</i> to take, AS.
<i>niman</i>, p. p. <i>numen</i>. &radic;7. See <u>Nimble</u>,
<u>Nomad</u>, and cf. <u>Benumb</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Enfeebled in, or destitute of, the power
of sensation and motion; rendered torpid; benumbed; insensible; as,
the fingers or limbs are <i>numb</i> with cold.</def> "A stony image,
cold and <i>numb</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing numbness; benumbing; as, the
<i>numb</i>, cold night.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Numb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Numbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Numbing</u> (?).] <def>To make numb; to deprive of the power of
sensation or motion; to render senseless or inert; to deaden; to
benumb; to stupefy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For lazy winter <i>numbs</i> the laboring
hand.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like dull narcotics, <i>numbing</i> pain.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Numb"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Numbness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Num"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nombre</i>, F.
<i>nombre</i>, L. <i>numerus</i>; akin to Gr. &?; that which is dealt
out, fr. &?; to deal out, distribute. See <u>Numb</u>, <u>Nomad</u>,
and cf. <u>Numerate</u>, <u>Numero</u>, <u>Numerous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which admits of being counted or
reckoned; a unit, or an aggregate of units; a numerable aggregate or
collection of individuals; an assemblage made up of distinct things
expressible by figures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of many individuals; a
numerous assemblage; a multitude; many.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ladies are always of great use to the party they
espouse, and never fail to win over <i>numbers</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A numeral; a word or character denoting a
number; as, to put a <i>number</i> on a door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Numerousness; multitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Number</i> itself importeth not much in armies
where the people are of weak courage.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being numerable or
countable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of whom came nations, tribes, people, and kindreds out
of <i>number</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Esdras iii. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Quantity, regarded as made up of an
aggregate of separate things.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That which is regulated by count; poetic
measure, as divisions of time or number of syllables; hence, poetry,
verse; -- chiefly used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I lisped in <i>numbers</i>, for the <i>numbers</i>
came.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The distinction of objects,
as one, or more than one (in some languages, as one, or two, or more
than two), expressed (usually) by a difference in the form of a word;
thus, the <i>singular number</i> and the <i>plural number</i> are the
names of the forms of a word indicating the objects denoted or
referred to by the word as one, or as more than one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The measure of the relation
between quantities or things of the same kind; that abstract species
of quantity which is capable of being expressed by figures; numerical
value.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Abstract number</b></col>, <col><b>Abundant
number</b></col>, <col><b>Cardinal number</b></col>, <cd>etc. See
under <u>Abstract</u>, <u>Abundant</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>In
numbers</b></col>, <cd>in numbered parts; as, a book published <i>in
numbers</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Num"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Numbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Numbering</u>.] [OE. <i>nombren</i>, <i>noumbren</i>, F.
<i>nombrer</i>, fr. L. <i>numerare</i>, <i>numeratum</i>. See
<u>Number</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To count; to reckon; to ascertain the
units of; to enumerate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man can <i>number</i> the dust of the earth, then
shall thy seed also be <i>numbered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xiii.
16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reckon as one of a collection or
multitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>numbered</i> with the
transgressors.</blockquote> <i>Is. liii. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give or apply a number or numbers to;
to assign the place of in a series by order of number; to designate
the place of by a number or numeral; as, to <i>number</i> the houses
in a street, or the apartments in a building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To amount; to equal in number; to contain;
to consist of; as, the army <i>numbers</i> fifty thousand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy tears can not <i>number</i> the dead.</blockquote>
<i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Numbering machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine for printing
consecutive numbers, as on railway tickets, bank bills, etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To count; enumerate; calculate; tell.</p>

<p><hw>Num"ber*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
numbers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Num"ber*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Numerous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Num"ber*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Innumerable;
countless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Num"ber*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Numerous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Num"bers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Number</u>. The fourth book of the
Pentateuch, containing the census of the Hebrews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Numb"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The torpedo, which <i>numbs</i> by the electric shocks which it
gives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Num"bless</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Nombles</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Numb"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of
being numb; that state of a living body in which it loses, wholly or
in part, the power of feeling or motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"mer*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>numerabilis</i>. See <u>Number</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Capable of being numbered or counted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"mer*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>numeralis</i>,
fr. <i>numerus</i> number: cf. F. <i>num&eacute;ral</i>. See
<u>Number</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to number; consisting of
number or numerals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A long train of <i>numeral</i>
progressions.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing number; representing number;
as, <i>numeral</i> letters or characters, as X or 10 for
ten.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"mer*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
figure or character used to express a number; as, the Arabic
<i>numerals</i>, 1, 2, 3, etc.; the Roman <i>numerals</i>, I, V, X,
L, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A word expressing a number.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"mer*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According to
number; in number; numerically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"mer*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>numerarius</i>: cf. F. <i>num&eacute;raire</i>.] <def>Belonging to
a certain number; counting as one of a collection or body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A supernumerary canon, when he obtains a prebend,
becomes a <i>numerary</i> canon.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nu"mer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Numerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Numerating</u> (?).] [L. <i>numeratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>numerare</i> to count. See <u>Number</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<i>(Arith.)</i> <def>To divide off and read according to the rules of
numeration; as, to <i>numerate</i> a row of figures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu`mer*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>numeratio</i> a counting out: cf. F. <i>num&eacute;ration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or art of numbering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Numeration</i> is but still the adding of one unit
more, and giving to the whole a new name or sign.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or art of reading numbers when
expressed by means of numerals. The term is almost exclusively
applied to the art of reading numbers written in the scale of tens,
by the Arabic method.</def>  <i>Davies &amp; Peck.</i></p>

<p>&fist; For convenience in reading, numbers are usually separated
by commas into periods of three figures each, as 1,155,465. According
to what is called the "English" system, the billion is a million of
millions, a trillion a million of billions, and each higher
denomination is a million times the one preceding. According to the
system of the French and other Continental nations and also that of
the United States, the billion is a thousand millions, and each
higher denomination is a thousand times the preceding.</p>

<p><hw>Nu"mer*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to numeration; as, a <i>numerative</i> system.</def>
<i>Eng. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nu"mer*a"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>numerator</i>: cf. F. <i>num&eacute;rateur</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who numbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The term in a fraction
which indicates the number of fractional units that are
taken.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a vulgar fraction the numerator is written above a line;
thus, in the fraction &frac59; (five ninths) 5 is the numerator; in a
decimal fraction it is the number which follows the decimal point.
See <u>Fraction</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Nu*mer"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Nu*mer"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>num&eacute;rique</i>. See
<u>Number</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to number; denoting number;
consisting in numbers; expressed by numbers, and not letters; as,
<i>numerical</i> characters; a <i>numerical</i> equation; a
<i>numerical</i> statement.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Numerical</i>, as opposed to <i>algebraical</i>, is used
to denote a value irrespective of its sign; thus, -5 is numerically
greater than -3, though algebraically less.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The same in number; hence, identically the
same; identical; as, the same <i>numerical</i> body.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Would to God that all my fellow brethren, which with
me bemoan the loss of their books, . . . might rejoice for the
recovery thereof, though not the same <i>numerical</i>
volumes.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Numerical equation</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>an
equation which has all the quantities except the unknown expressed in
numbers; -- distinguished from <i>literal equation</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Numerical value</b></col> <cd>of an equation or expression,
that deduced by substituting numbers for the letters, and
reducing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nu*mer"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Any
number, proper or improper fraction, or incommensurable ratio. The
term also includes any imaginary expression like <i>m + n&radic;-
1</i>, where <i>m</i> and <i>n</i> are real
<i>numerics</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*mer"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
numerical manner; in numbers; with respect to number, or sameness in
number; as, a thing is <i>numerically</i> the same, or
<i>numerically</i> different.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"mer*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who deals
in numbers.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nu"me*ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., or F.
<i>num&eacute;ro</i> ; both fr. L. <i>numerus</i> number.]
<def>Number; -- often abbrev. No.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu`mer*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>numerositas</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being numerous;
numerousness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rhythm; harmony; flow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>numerosity</i> of the sentence pleased the
ear.</blockquote> <i>S. Parr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nu"mer*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>numerosus</i>. See <u>Number</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of a great number of units or
individual objects; being many; as, a <i>numerous</i> army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such and so <i>numerous</i> was their
chivalry.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of poetic numbers; rhythmical;
measured and counted; melodious; musical.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such prompt eloquence<BR>
Flowed from their lips, in prose or <i>numerous</i>
verse.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Nu"mer*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Nu"mer*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nu*mid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to ancient Numidia in Northern Africa.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Numidian crane</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Demoiselle</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nu`mis*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Nu`mis*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>numisma</i>, <i>nomisma</i>, a piece of
money, coin, fr. Gr. &?; anything sanctioned by usage, the current
coin, fr. &?; to introduce a custom, or usage, fr. &?; a custom, or
usage, fr. &?; to distribute, assign: cf. F. <i>numismatique</i>. See
<u>Nomad</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to coins; relating to the
science of coins or medals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu`mis*mat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>numismatique</i>.] <def>The science of coins and medals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*mis"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled
in numismatics; a numismatologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*mis`ma*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>numisma</i>, <i>-atis</i> (Gr. &?;) + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A
treatise on, or description of, coins and medals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*mis`ma*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in numismatology.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Nu*mis`ma*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>numisma</i>, <i>-atis + -logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats
of coins and medals, in their relation to history;
numismatics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Num"ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nummarius</i>,
from <i>nummus</i> a coin.] <def>Of or relating to coins or
money.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Num"mu*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Num"mu*la*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nummularius</i>, fr. <i>nummulus</i>,
dim. of <i>nummus</i> a coin: cf. F. <i>nummulaire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to coin or money;
pecuniary; as, the <i>nummulary</i> talent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pathol.)</i> <def>Having the appearance or
form of a coin.</def> "<i>Nummular</i> sputa."  <i>Sir T.
Watson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Num`mu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The arrangement of the red blood corpuscles in
rouleaux, like piles of coins, as when a drop of human blood is
examined under the microscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Num"mu*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nummus</i> a
coin + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>nummulite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A fossil of the genus Nummulites and allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Num`mu*li"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Nummulite</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of extinct Tertiary
Foraminifera, having a thin, flat, round shell, containing a large
number of small chambers arranged spirally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Num`mu*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, like,
composed of, containing, nummulites; as, <i>nummulitic</i>
beds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Numps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Numb</u>.] <def>A
dolt; a blockhead.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Num"skull`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Numb</i> +
<i>skull</i>.] <def>A dunce; a dolt; a stupid fellow.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They have talked like <i>numskulls</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Num"skulled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stupid;
doltish.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Nun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nunne</i>, AS.
<i>nunne</i>, fr. L. <i>nonna</i> nun, <i>nonnus</i> monk; cf. Gr.
&?;, &?;; of unknown origin.  Cf. <u>Nunnery</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman devoted to a religious life, who
lives in a convent, under the three vows of poverty, chastity, and
obedience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They holy time is quiet as a <i>nun</i><BR>
Breathless with adoration.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
white variety of domestic pigeons having a veil of feathers covering
the head.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The smew.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The European blue titmouse.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gray nuns</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>the members of
a religious order established in Montreal in 1745, whence branches
were introduced into the United States in 1853; -- so called from the
color or their robe, and known in religion as <i>Sisters of Charity
of Montreal</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Nun buoy</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Buoy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nun"chion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>nonechenche</i>, for <i>noneschenche</i>, prop., a noon drink;
<i>none</i> noon + <i>schenchen</i>, <i>schenken</i>, <i>skinken</i>,
to pour, AS. <i>scencan</i>. See <u>Noon</u>, and <u>Skink</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A portion of food taken at or after
noon, usually between full meals; a luncheon.</def> [Written also
<i>noonshun</i>.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nun"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
announces; a messenger; a nuncio.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hoole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nun"ci*a*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nunciare</i>, <i>nuntiare</i>, to announce, report, fr.
<i>nuncius</i>, <i>nuntius</i>, messenger: cf. F. <i>nonciature</i>,
It. <i>nunziatura</i>. See <u>Nuncio</u>.] <def>The office of a
nuncio.</def>  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nun"ci*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nuncios</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>nunzio</i>, <i>nuncio</i>, fr.
L. <i>nuncius</i>, <i>nuntius</i>, messenger; perh. akin to
<i>novus</i> new, E. <i>new</i>, and thus, one who brings news.  Cf.
<u>Announce</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A messenger.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The permanent official representative of
the pope at a foreign court or seat of government.  Distinguished
from a <i>legate a latere</i>, whose mission is temporary in its
nature, or for some special purpose. Nuncios are of higher rank than
internuncios.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nun"ci*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nuncii</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Roman &amp; Old Eng. Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A messenger.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The information communicated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nun"cu*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nuncupatus</i>, p. p. of <i>nuncupare</i> to nuncupate, prob. fr.
<i>nomen</i> name + <i>capere</i> to take.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To declare publicly or solemnly; to proclaim formally.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In whose presence did St. Peter <i>nuncupate</i> it
?</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dedicate by declaration; to inscribe;
as, to <i>nuncupate</i> a book.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nun`cu*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nuncupatio</i>.] <def>The act of nuncupating.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nun*cu"pa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nuncupativus</i> nominal: cf. F. <i>nuncupatif</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Publicly or solemnly declaratory.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nominal; existing only in name.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Oral; not written.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nuncupative will</b></col> or <col><b>testament</b></col>,
<cd>a will or testament made by word of mouth only, before witnesses,
as by a soldier or seaman, and depending on oral testimony for
proof.</cd>  <i>Blackstone.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Nun*cu"pa*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Nuncupative; oral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nun"di*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nundinal
letter.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nun"di*nal</hw> (?), <hw>Nun"di*na*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nundinalis</i>, <i>nundinarius</i>, fr.
<i>nundinae</i> the market day, the weekly market, prop., the ninth
day, fr. <i>nundinus</i> belonging to nine days; <i>novem</i> nine +
<i>dies</i> day: cf. F. <i>nundinal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
fair, or to a market day.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nundinal letter</b></col>, <cd>among the Romans, one of
the first eight letters of the alphabet, which were repeated
successively from the first to the last day of the year. One of these
always expressed the market day, which returned every nine days
(every eight days by our reckoning).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nun"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nundinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>nundinary</i> to attend fairs, to
traffic. See <u>Nundinal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To buy and
sell at fairs or markets.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nun`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nundinatio</i>.] <def>Traffic at fairs; marketing; buying and
selling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Common <i>nundination</i> of pardons.</blockquote>
<i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nun*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>nun</i>,
the Arabic name of the letter <i>n</i>: cf. NL. <i>nunnatio</i>, F.
<i>nunnation</i>.] <i>(Arabic Gram.)</i> <def>The pronunciation of
<i>n</i> at the end of words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nun"ner*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nunneries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>nonnerie</i>, OF.
<i>nonerie</i>, F. <i>nonnerie</i>, fr. <i>nonne</i> nun, L.
<i>nonna</i>. See <u>Nun</u>.] <def>A house in which nuns reside; a
cloister or convent in which women reside for life, under religious
vows. See <u>Cloister</u>, and <u>Convent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nun"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or resembling a nun; characteristic of a nun.</def> --
<wf>Nun"nish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nup</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Nupson</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Nu"phar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>n&?;far</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants found in the
fresh-water ponds or lakes of Europe, Asia, and North America; the
yellow water lily.  Cf. <u>Nymphaea</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 987 !></p>

<p><hw>Nup"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of doubtful origin.]
<def>A simpleton; a fool.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nup"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nuptialis</i>,
fr. <i>nuptiae</i> marriage, wedding, fr. <i>nubere</i>,
<i>nuptum</i>, prop., to cover, to veil, hence, to marry, as the head
of the bride was covered with a veil; cf. Gr. &?; bride, nymph: cf.
F. <i>nuptial</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to marriage; done or used
at a wedding; as, <i>nuptial</i> rites and ceremonies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then, all in heat,<BR>
They light the <i>nuptial</i> torch.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nup"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nuptials</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Marriage; wedding; nuptial
ceremony; -- now only in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Celebration of that <i>nuptial</i>, which<BR>
We two have sworn shall come.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Preparations . . . for the approaching
<i>nuptials</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Knur</u>.] <def>A
hard knot in wood; also, a hard knob of wood used by boys in playing
hockey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I think I'm as hard as a <i>nur</i>, and as tough as
whitleather.</blockquote> <i>W. Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nurl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nurled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nurling</u>.] [Cf. <u>Knurl</u>.] <def>To cut with reeding or
fluting on the edge of, as coins, the heads of screws, etc.; to
knurl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nurse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nourse</i>,
<i>nurice</i>, <i>norice</i>, OF. <i>nurrice</i>, <i>norrice</i>,
<i>nourrice</i>, F. <i>nourrice</i>, fr. L. <i>nutricia</i> nurse,
prop., fem. of <i>nutricius</i> that nourishes; akin to
<i>nutrix</i>, <i>-icis</i>, nurse, fr. <i>nutrire</i> to nourish.
See <u>Nourish</u>, and cf. <u>Nutritious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who nourishes; a person who supplies food, tends, or brings
up; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A woman who has the care of young
children; especially, one who suckles an infant not her own.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A person, especially a woman, who has the care of
the sick or infirm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, brings up, rears,
causes to grow, trains, fosters, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>nurse</i> of manly sentiment and heroic
enterprise.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A lieutenant or first
officer, who is the real commander when the captain is unfit for his
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
peculiar larva of certain trematodes which produces cercari&aelig; by
asexual reproduction. See <u>Cercaria</u>, and <u>Redia</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Either one of the nurse sharks.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nurse shark</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large arctic shark (<i>Somniosus
microcephalus</i>), having small teeth and feeble jaws; -- called
also <i>sleeper shark</i>, and <i>ground shark</i>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A large shark (<i>Ginglymostoma cirratum</i>),
native of the West Indies and Gulf of Mexico, having the dorsal fins
situated behind the ventral fins.</cd> -- <col><b>To put to
nurse</b></col>, or <col><b>To put out to nurse</b></col>, <cd>to
send away to be nursed; to place in the care of a nurse.</cd> --
<col><b>Wet nurse</b></col>, <col><b>Dry nurse</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Wet nurse</u>, and <u>Dry nurse</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nurse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nursed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nursing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To nourish; to cherish; to
foster</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To nourish at the breast;
to suckle; to feed and tend, as an infant.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>To take care of or tend, as a sick person or an invalid; to
attend upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sons wont to <i>nurse</i> their parents in old
age.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Him in Egerian groves Aricia bore,<BR>
And <i>nursed</i> his youth along the marshy shore.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring up; to raise, by care, from a
weak or invalid condition; to foster; to cherish; -- applied to
plants, animals, and to any object that needs, or thrives by,
attention.</def> "To <i>nurse</i> the saplings tall."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By what hands [has vice] been <i>nursed</i> into so
uncontrolled a dominion?</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To manage with care and economy, with a
view to increase; as, to <i>nurse</i> our national
resources.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To caress; to fondle, as a nurse
does.</def>  <i>A. Trollope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To nurse billiard balls</b></col>, <cd>to strike them
gently and so as to keep them in good position during a series of
caroms.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nurse"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Houndfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nurse"maid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A girl
employed to attend children.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nurse"pond`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pond where fish
are fed.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nurs"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who nurses; a
nurse; one who cherishes or encourages growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nurs"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nurseries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>nourricerie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of nursing.</def> [Obs.] "Her kind
<i>nursery</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place where nursing is carried
on</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The place, or apartment, in a
house, appropriated to the care of children.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A place where young trees, shrubs, vines,
etc., are propagated for the purpose of transplanting; a plantation
of young trees.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The place where
anything is fostered and growth promoted.</def> "Fair Padua,
<i>nursery</i> of arts."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Christian families are the <i>nurseries</i> of the
church on earth, as she is the <i>nursery</i> of the church in
heaven.</blockquote> <i>J. M. Mason.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>That which forms and educates; as,
commerce is the <i>nursery</i> of seamen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is nursed.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nurs"er*y*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nurserymen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who cultivates or keeps
a nursery, or place for rearing trees, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nurs"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supplying or taking
nourishment from, or as from, the breast; as, a <i>nursing</i>
mother; a <i>nursing</i> infant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nurs"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nurse</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <def>One who, or that which, is nursed; an infant; a
fondling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was his <i>nursling</i> once, and choice
delight.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nurs"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To nurse. See
<u>Noursle</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nur"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>norture</i>,
<i>noriture</i>, OF. <i>norriture</i>, <i>norreture</i>, F.
<i>nourriture</i>, fr. L. <i>nutritura</i> a nursing, suckling. See
<u>Nourish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of nourishing or
nursing; thender care; education; training.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man neither by nature nor by <i>nurture</i>
wise.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which nourishes; food; diet.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nur"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nurtured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nurturing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feed; to
nourish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To educate; to bring or train
up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>nurtured</i> where he had been
born.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To nourish; nurse; cherish; bring up; educate;
tend.  -- To <u>Nurture</u>, <u>Nourish</u>, <u>Cherish</u>.
<i>Nourish</i> denotes to supply with food, or cause to grow; as, to
<i>nourish</i> a plant, to <i>nourish</i> rebellion. To
<i>nurture</i> is to train up with a fostering care, like that of a
mother; as, to <i>nurture</i> into strength; to <i>nurture</i> in
sound principles. To <i>cherish</i> is to hold and treat as dear; as,
to <i>cherish</i> hopes or affections.</p>

<p><hw>Nus"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Nuzzle</u>.]
<def>To fondle; to cherish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Nut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nute</i>,
<i>note</i>, AS. <i>hnutu</i>; akin to D. <i>noot</i>, G.
<i>nuss</i>, OHG. <i>nuz</i>, Icel. <i>hnot</i>, Sw. <i>n&ouml;t</i>,
Dan. <i>n&ouml;d</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of certain trees
and shrubs (as of the almond, walnut, hickory, beech, filbert, etc.),
consisting of a hard and indehiscent shell inclosing a
kernel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A perforated block (usually a small piece
of metal), provided with an internal or female screw thread, used on
a bolt, or screw, for tightening or holding something, or for
transmitting motion. See <i>Illust.</i> of lst <u>Bolt</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The tumbler of a gunlock.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A projection on each side
of the shank of an anchor, to secure the stock in place.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Check nut</b></col>, <col><b>Jam nut</b></col>,
<col><b>Lock nut</b></col>, <cd>a nut which is screwed up tightly
against another nut on the same bolt or screw, in order to prevent
accidental unscrewing of the first nut.</cd> -- <col><b>Nut
buoy</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Buoy</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Nut
coal</b></col>, <cd>screened coal of a size smaller than stove coal
and larger than pea coal; -- called also <i>chestnut coal</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Nut crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any leucosoid
crab of the genus <i>Ebalia</i> as, <i>Ebalia tuberosa</i> of
Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Nut grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
plant of the Sedge family (<i>Cyperus rotundus</i>, var.
<i>Hydra</i>), which has slender rootstocks bearing small, nutlike
tubers, by which the plant multiplies exceedingly, especially in
cotton fields.</cd> -- <col><b>Nut lock</b></col>, <cd>a device, as a
metal plate bent up at the corners, to prevent a nut from becoming
unscrewed, as by jarring.</cd> -- <col><b>Nut pine</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Pine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Nut
rush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a genus of cyperaceous plants
(<i>Scleria</i>) having a hard bony achene.  Several species are
found in the United States and many more in tropical regions.</cd> --
<col><b>Nut tree</b></col>, <cd>a tree that bears nuts.</cd> --
<col><b>Nut weevil</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of
weevils of the genus <i>Balaninus</i> and other allied genera, which
in the larval state live in nuts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nut</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nutted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nutting</u>.] <def>To gather nuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nutans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>nutare</i> to nod, v. intens. fr. <i>nuere</i> (in comp.)
to nod; cf. Gr. &?;.] <def>Nodding; having the top bent
downward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nutatio</i> a
nodding, fr. <i>nutare</i> to nod: cf. F. <i>nutation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of nodding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So from the midmost the <i>nutation</i> spreads,<BR>
Round and more round, o'er all the sea of heads.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A very small libratory
motion of the earth's axis, by which its inclination to the plane of
the ecliptic is constantly varying by a small amount.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
motion of a flower in following the apparent movement of the sun,
from the east in the morning to the west in the evening.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Circumnutation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nut"break`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The European
nuthatch.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The nutcracker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nut"-brown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Brown as a nut
long kept and dried.</def> "The spicy <i>nutbrown</i> ale."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nut"crack`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument for cracking nuts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
European bird (<i>Nucifraga caryocatactes</i>), allied to the magpie
and crow. Its color is dark brown, spotted with white. It feeds on
nuts, seeds, and insects.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
American, or Clarke's, nutcracker (<i>Picicorvus Columbianus</i>) of
Western North America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nut"gall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A more or less
round gall resembling a nut, esp. one of those produced on the oak
and used in the arts. See <u>Gall</u>, <u>Gallnut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nut"hatch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nuthake</i>.
See 2d <u>Hack</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of birds of the genus <i>Sitta</i>, as the European species
(<i>Sitta Europ&aelig;a</i>). The white-breasted nuthatch (<i>S.
Carolinensis</i>), the red-breasted nuthatch (<i>S. Canadensis</i>),
the pygmy nuthatch (<i>S. pygm&aelig;a</i>), and others, are
American.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nut"hook`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A hook at the end of a pole to pull down boughs for gathering
the nuts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thief who steals by means of a hook;
also, a bailiff who hooks or seizes malefactors.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nut"job`ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The nuthatch.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Nut"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small nut; also, the stone of a drupe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nut"meg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>notemuge</i>;
<i>note</i> nut + OF. <i>muge</i> musk, of the same origin as E.
<i>musk</i>; cf. OF. <i>noix muguette</i> nutmeg, F. <i>noix
muscade</i>. See <u>Nut</u>, and <u>Musk</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
kernel of the fruit of the nutmeg tree (<i>Myristica fragrans</i>), a
native of the Molucca Islands, but cultivated elsewhere in the
tropics.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This fruit is a nearly spherical drupe, of the size of a
pear, of a yellowish color without and almost white within. This
opens into two nearly equal longitudinal valves, inclosing the nut
surrounded by its aril, which is <i>mace</i> The nutmeg is an
aromatic, very grateful to the taste and smell, and much used in
cookery. Other species of <i>Myristica</i> yield nutmegs of inferior
quality.</p>

<p><col><b>American</b></col>, <col><b>Calabash</b></col>, or
<col><b>Jamaica</b></col>, <col><b>nutmeg</b></col>, <cd>the fruit of
a tropical shrub (<i>Monodora Myristica</i>). It is about the size of
an orange, and contains many aromatic seeds imbedded in pulp.</cd> --
<col><b>Brazilian nutmeg</b></col>, <cd>the fruit of a lauraceous
tree, <i>Cryptocarya moschata</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>California
nutmeg</b></col>, <cd>tree of the Yew family (<i>Torreya
Californica</i>), growing in the Western United States, and having a
seed which resembles a nutmeg in appearance, but is strongly
impregnated with turpentine.</cd> -- <col><b>Clove nutmeg</b></col>,
<cd>the <i>Ravensara aromatica</i>, a laura ceous tree of Madagascar.
The foliage is used as a spice, but the seed is acrid and
caustic.</cd> -- <col><b>Jamaica nutmeg</b></col>. <cd>See American
nutmeg (above).</cd> -- <col><b>Nutmeg bird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Indian finch (<i>Munia
punctularia</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Nutmeg butter</b></col>, <cd>a
solid oil extracted from the nutmeg by expression.</cd> --
<col><b>Nutmeg flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a ranunculaceous
herb (<i>Nigella sativa</i>) with small black aromatic seeds, which
are used medicinally and for excluding moths from furs and
clothing.</cd> -- <col><b>Nutmeg liver</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
name applied to the liver, when, as the result of heart or lung
disease, it undergoes congestion and pigmentation about the central
veins of its lobules, giving it an appearance resembling that of a
nutmeg.</cd> -- <col><b>Nutmeg melon</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
small variety of muskmelon of a rich flavor.</cd> -- <col><b>Nutmeg
pigeon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species
of pigeons of the genus <i>Myristicivora</i>, native of the East
Indies and Australia. The color is usually white, or cream-white,
with black on the wings and tail.</cd> -- <col><b>Nutmeg
wood</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the wood of the Palmyra palm.</cd>
-- <col><b>Peruvian nutmeg</b></col>, <cd>the aromatic seed of a
South American tree (<i>Laurelia sempervirens</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Plume nutmeg</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a spicy tree of
Australia (<i>Atherosperma moschata</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Nut"megged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Seasoned with
nutmeg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nut"peck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The nuthatch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"tri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>nutria</i> an
otter, fr. L. <i>lutra</i>, <i>lytra</i>.] <def>The fur of the coypu.
See <u>Coypu</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu`tri*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nutricatio</i>, fr. <i>nutricare</i>, <i>nutricari</i>, to suckle,
nourish, fr. <i>nutrix</i> a nurse.] <def>The act or manner of
feeding.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nu"tri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>nutriens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>nutrire</i>. See <u>Nourish</u>.] <def>Nutritious;
nourishing; promoting growth.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any
substance which has nutritious qualities, <i>i. e.</i>, which
nourishes or promotes growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu"tri*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nutrimentum</i>, fr. <i>nutrire</i> to nourish. See
<u>Nourish</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which nourishes; anything which
promotes growth and repairs the natural waste of animal or vegetable
life; food; aliment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stomach returns what it has received, in strength
and <i>nutriment</i> diffused into all parts of the
body.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which promotes development or
growth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is not virtue in mankind<BR>
The <i>nutriment</i> that feeds the mind ?</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nu`tri*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Nutritious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*tri"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or connected with, nutrition; nutritious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nu*tri"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nutrition</i>. See <u>Nutritious</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>In the broadest sense, a
process or series of processes by which the living organism as a
whole (or its component parts or organs) is maintained in its normal
condition of life and growth.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this wide sense it comprehends <i>digestion</i>,
<i>absorption</i>, <i>circulation</i>, <i>assimilation</i>, etc., in
fact all of the steps by which the nutritive matter of the food is
fitted for incorporation with the different tissues, and the changes
which it undergoes after its assimilation, prior to its excretion.
See <u>Metabolism</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>In a more limited sense,
the process by which the living tissues take up, from the blood,
matters necessary either for their repair or for the performance of
their healthy functions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which nourishes; nutriment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fixed like a plant, on his peculiar spot,<BR>
To draw <i>nutrition</i>, propagate, and rot.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nu*tri"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to nutrition; as, <i>nutritional</i> changes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nu*tri"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nutricius</i>, <i>nutritius</i>, from <i>nutrix</i>, <i>-icis</i>,
a nurse, <i>nutrire</i> to nourish. See <u>Nurse</u>,
<u>Nourish</u>.] <def>Nourishing; promoting growth, or preventing
decay; alimental.</def> -- <wf>Nu*tri"tious*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Nu*tri"tious*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nu"tri*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nutritif</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to nutrition; as, the
<i>nutritive</i> functions; having the quality of nourishing;
nutritious; nutrimental; alimental; as, <i>nutritive</i> food or
berries.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Nutritive plasma</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Idioplasma</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Nutritive polyp</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of the zooids of a compound hydroid,
or coral, which has a mouth and digestive cavity.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Nu"tri*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Nu"tri*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nu"tri*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nutritura</i>, fr. <i>nutrir&?;</i> to nourish.] <def>Nutrition;
nourishment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nut"shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The shell or hard external covering in which the kernel of a nut
is inclosed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a thing of little compass, or of
little value.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A shell of the genus
Nucula.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>be, or lie</b></col>, <col><b>in a
nutshell</b></col>, <cd>to be within a small compass; to admit of
very brief or simple determination or statement.</cd> "The remedy
<i>lay in a nutshell</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gatherer of
nuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nut"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
gathering nuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nut"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding in nuts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a flavor like that of nuts; as,
<i>nutty</i> wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nux` vom"i*ca</hw> (?). [NL., fr. L. <i>nux</i> &?; nut +
<i>vomere</i> to vomit.] <def>The seed of <i>Strychnos Nuxvomica</i>,
a tree which abounds on the Malabar and Coromandel coasts of the East
Indies. From this seed the deadly poisons known as <i>strychnine</i>
and <i>brucine</i> are obtained. The seeds are sometimes called
<i>Quaker buttons</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nuz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Nuzzied</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Nuzzling</u> (?).] [See <u>Noursle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To noursle or nurse; to foster; to bring
up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The people had been <i>nuzzled</i> in
idolatry.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perh. a corruption of <i>nestle</i>.  Cf.
<u>Nustle</u>.] <def>To nestle; to house, as in a nest.</def></p>

<p><! p. 988 !></p>

<p><hw>Nuz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Dim. fr.
<i>nose</i>. See <u>Nozzle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To work with the nose, like a swine in the
mud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>nuzzling</i> in his flank, the loving swine<BR>
Sheathed, unaware, the tusk in his soft groin.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He charged through an army of lawyers, sometimes . . .
<i>nuzzling</i> like an eel in the mud.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go with head poised like a swine, with
nose down.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir Roger shook his ears, and <i>nuzzled</i>
along.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Nuzzle</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
2.] <def>To hide the head, as a child in the mother's bosom; to
nestle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To loiter; to idle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ny</hw> (?). [Contr. fr. <i>ne I</i>.] <def>Not I; nor
I.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ny</hw>, <hw>Nye</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos>
<def>Nigh.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ny"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Nias</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nyc`ta*lo"pi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>nyctalopia</i>, fr. <i>nyctalops</i> a nyctalops, Gr. &?;. Gr. &?;
meant, a person affected either with day blindness or with night
blindness, and in the former case was derived fr. &?;, &?;, night +
&?;, &?;, the eye; in the latter, fr. &?; + &?; blind + &?;.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A disease of the eye, in
consequence of which the patient can see well in a faint light or at
twilight, but is unable to see during the day or in a strong light;
day blindness.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>See
<u>Moonblink</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some writers (as Quain) use the word in the opposite sense,
night blindness. See <u>Hemeralopia</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Nyc"ta*lops</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr. &?;.]
<def>One afflicted with nyctalopia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nyc"ta*lo`py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Nyctalopia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nyc*the"me*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;,
&?;, night + &?; day.] <def>The natural day and night, or space of
twenty-four hours.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nyc"ti*bune</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South American bird of the genus <i>Nyctibius</i>, allied to
the goatsuckers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nyc`ti*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?;,
&?;, night + &?; turning.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Turning or bending at
night into special positions.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Nyctitropic movements of plants usually consist in a
folding or drooping of the leaves, the advantage being in lessening
the radiation of heat.</p>

<p><hw>Nyc"to*phile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
night + &?; to love.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any Australian bat of
the genus <i>Nyctophilus</i>, having a very simple nasal
appendage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nye</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. F. <i>nid</i>
nest, brood, L. <i>nidus</i> nest. See <u>Nest</u>, and cf.
<u>Eye</u> brood, <u>Nide</u>.] <def>A brood or flock of
pheasants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ny*en"tek</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A carnivorous mammal (<i>Helictis moscatus</i>, or <i>H.
orientalis</i>), native of Eastern Asia and the Indies. It has a
dorsal white stripe, and another one across the shoulders. It has a
strong musky odor.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nyl"ghau</hw>, <hw>Nyl"gau</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Hind. &amp; Per. <i>n&imacr;lg&amacr;w</i>, prop., a blue cow; Per.
<i>n&imacr;l</i> blue + <i>g&amacr;w</i> cow. See <u>Lilac</u>, and
<u>Cow</u> the animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large Asiatic
antelope (<i>Boselaphus, or Portax, tragocamelus</i>), found in
Northern India. It has short horns, a black mane, and a bunch of long
hair on the throat. The general color is grayish brown.</def>
[Written also <i>neelghau</i>, <i>nilgau</i>, and
<i>nylghaie</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Nymph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>nympha</i> nymph,
bride, young woman, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>nymphe</i>.  Cf.
<u>Nuptial</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A goddess of the
mountains, forests, meadows, or waters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where were ye, <i>nymphs</i>, when the remorseless
deep<BR>
Closed o'er the head of your loved Lycidas ?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>A lovely young girl; a maiden; a
damsel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Nymph</i>, in thy orisons<BR>
Be all my sins remembered.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pupa of an insect;
a chrysalis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of a subfamily
(<i>Najades</i>) of butterflies including the purples, the
fritillaries, the peacock butterfly, etc.; -- called also
<i>naiad</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nym"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Nymph&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Nymph</u> a goddess.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Nymph</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Two folds of
mucous membrane, within the labia, at the opening of the
vulva.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nym*ph&aelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the
water lily, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of aquatic plants
having showy flowers (white, blue, pink, or yellow, often fragrant),
including the white water lily and the Egyptia lotus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Recent critics have endeavored to show that this genus
should be called <i>Castalia</i>, and the name <i>Nymph&aelig;a</i>
transferred to what is now known as <i>Nuphar</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Nymph"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a nymph or nymphs; nymphean.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nym*pha"les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive family of butterflies including
the nymphs, the satyrs, the monarchs, the heliconias, and others; --
called also <i>brush-footed butterflies</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nym*phe"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Nymph</u>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or appropriate to, nymphs;
inhabited by nymphs; as, a <i>nymphean</i> cave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nymph"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little or young
nymph.</def> [Poetic] "The <i>nymphets</i> sporting there."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nymph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Nymph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bridal.] <def>Of or pertaining to
nymphs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nym*phip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Nymph</i> +
L. <i>parere</i> to produce.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing
pupas or nymphs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nymph"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
nymphs; ladylike.</def> "<i>Nymphish</i> war."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Nymph"like`</hw> (?), <hw>Nymph"ly</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling, or characteristic of, a
nymph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nym"pho*lep`sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a nymph
+ &?; to seize.] <def>A species of demoniac enthusiasm or possession
coming upon one who had accidentally looked upon a nymph;
ecstasy.</def> [R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>nympholepsy</i> of some fond
despair.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nym`pho*lep"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Under the
influence of nympholepsy; ecstatic; frenzied.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Nym`pho*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
bride + &?; madness.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Morbid and uncontrollable
sexual desire in women, constituting a true disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nym"pho*ma`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>nymphomanie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Nymphomania</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nym*phot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Nympha</i> +
Gr. &?; to cut.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Excision of the
nymph&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nys</hw> (?). <def>Is not. See <u>Nis</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Nys*tag"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
drowsiness, fr. &?; to nod in sleep, to slumber.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A rapid involuntary oscillation of the eyeballs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ny*u"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A species of ichneumon (<i>Herpestes nyula</i>). Its fur is
beautifully variegated by closely set zigzag markings.</def></p>

<p><point26>O.</point26></p>

<p><hw>O</hw> (&omacr;).  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>O, the fifteenth
letter of the English alphabet, derives its form, value, and name
from the Greek O, through the Latin. The letter came into the Greek
from the Ph&oelig;nician, which possibly derived it ultimately from
the Egyptian. Etymologically, the letter <i>o</i> is most closely
related to <i>a</i>, <i>e</i>, and <i>u</i>; as in E. b<i>o</i>ne,
AS. b<i>&amacr;</i>n; E. st<i>o</i>ne, AS. st<i>&amacr;</i>n; E.
br<i>o</i>ke, AS. br<i>e</i>can to break; E. b<i>o</i>re, AS.
b<i>e</i>ran to bear; E. d<i>o</i>ve, AS. d<i>&umacr;</i>fe; E.
t<i>o</i>ft, t<i>u</i>ft; t<i>o</i>ne, t<i>u</i>ne; n<i>u</i>mber, F.
n<i>o</i>mbre.</def></p>

<p>The letter <i>o</i> has several vowel sounds, the principal of
which are its long sound, as in <i>bone</i>, its short sound, as in
<i>nod</i>, and the sounds heard in the words <i>orb</i>, <i>son</i>,
<i>do</i> (<i>feod</i>), and <i>wolf</i> (<i>book</i>). In connection
with the other vowels it forms several digraphs and diphthongs. See
<i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 107-129.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Among the ancients, O was a mark of triple
time, from the notion that the ternary, or number 3, is the most
perfect of numbers, and properly expressed by a circle, the most
perfect figure.</def></p>

<p>O was also anciently used to represent 11: with a dash over it
(&Omacr;), 11,000.</p>

<p><hw>O</hw> (&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>O's</b></plw> or <plw><b>Oes</b></plw> (&omacr;z).
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The letter O, or its sound.</def> "Mouthing
out his hollow <i>oes</i> and aes."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something shaped like the letter O; a
circle or oval.</def> "This wooden <i>O</i> [Globe Theater]".
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cipher; zero.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art an <i>O</i> without a figure.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O'</hw>. [Ir. <i>o</i> a descendant.] <def>A prefix to Irish
family names, which signifies <i>grandson</i> or <i>descendant</i>
of, and is a character of dignity; as, <i>O'</i>Neil,
<i>O'</i>Carrol.</def></p>

<p><hw>O'</hw> (&omacr;; unaccented &osl;), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>
<def>A shortened form of <i>of</i> or <i>on</i>.</def> "At the
turning <i>o'</i> the tide."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O</hw> (&omacr;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>One</u>.]
<def>One.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> "Alle thre but <i>o</i> God."
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>O</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An exclamation used
in calling or directly addressing a person or personified object;
also, as an emotional or impassioned exclamation expressing pain,
grief, surprise, desire, fear, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For ever, <i>O</i> Lord, thy word is settled in
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxix. 89.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>O</i> how love I thy law ! it is my meditation all
the day.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxix. 97.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>O</i> is frequently followed by an ellipsis and
<i>that</i>, an in expressing a wish: "<i>O</i> [I wish] that Ishmael
might live before thee !" <i>Gen. xvii. 18</i>; or in expressions of
surprise, indignation, or regret: "<i>O</i> [it is sad] that such
eyes should e'er meet other object !"  <i>Sheridan Knowles.</i></p>

<p>&fist; A distinction between the use of <i>O</i> and <i>oh</i> is
insisted upon by some, namely, that <i>O</i> should be used only in
direct address to a person or personified object, and should never be
followed by the exclamation point, while <i>Oh</i> (or <i>oh</i>)
should be used in exclamations where no direct appeal or address to
an object is made, and may be followed by the exclamation point or
not, according to the nature or construction of the sentence. Some
insist that <i>oh</i> should be used only as an interjection
expressing strong feeling. The form <i>O</i>, however, is, it seems,
the one most commonly employed for both uses by modern writers and
correctors for the press. "<i>O</i>, I am slain !" <i>Shak.</i>
"<i>O</i> what a fair and ministering angel !" "<i>O</i> sweet angel
!" <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>O</i> for a kindling touch from that pure flame
!</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But she is in her grave, -- and <i>oh</i><BR>
The difference to me !</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Oh</i> for a lodge in some vast wilderness
!</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We should distinguish between the sign of the vocative
and the emotional interjection, writing <i>O</i> for the former, and
<i>oh</i> for the latter.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>O dear</b></col>, &and; <col><b>O dear me!</b></col>
[corrupted fr. F. <i>O Dieu!</i> or It. <i>O Dio!</i> O God! <i>O Dio
mio!</i> O my God! <i>Wyman</i>.], <cd>exclamations expressive of
various emotions, but usually promoted by surprise, consternation,
grief, pain, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oad</hw> (&omacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Woad</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Coles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oaf</hw> (&omacr;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Auf</u>.]
<def>Originally, an elf's child; a changeling left by fairies or
goblins; hence, a deformed or foolish child; a simpleton; an
idiot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oaf"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like an oaf;
simple.</def> -- <wf>Oaf"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Oak</hw> (&omacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>oke</i>,
<i>ok</i>, <i>ak</i>, AS. <i>&amacr;c</i>; akin to D. <i>eik</i>, G.
<i>eiche</i>, OHG. <i>eih</i>, Icel. <i>eik</i>, Sw. <i>ek</i>, Dan.
<i>eeg</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any tree or shrub of the
genus <i>Quercus</i>. The oaks have alternate leaves, often variously
lobed, and staminate flowers in catkins. The fruit is a smooth nut,
called an <i>acorn</i>, which is more or less inclosed in a scaly
involucre called the <i>cup</i> or <i>cupule</i>. There are now
recognized about three hundred species, of which nearly fifty occur
in the United States, the rest in Europe, Asia, and the other parts
of North America, a very few barely reaching the northern parts of
South America and Africa. Many of the oaks form forest trees of grand
proportions and live many centuries. The wood is usually hard and
tough, and provided with conspicuous medullary rays, forming the
silver grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The strong wood or timber of the
oak.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the true oaks in America are: <col><b>Barren
oak</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Black-jack</b></col>, <i>Q.
nigra</i>. -- <col><b>Basket oak</b></col>, <i>Q. Michauxii</i>. --
<col><b>Black oak</b></col>, <i>Q. tinctoria</i>; -- called also
<i>yellow</i> or <i>quercitron oak</i>. -- <col><b>Bur oak</b></col>
(see under <u>Bur</u>.), <i>Q. macrocarpa</i>; -- called also
<i>over-cup</i> or <i>mossy-cup oak</i>. -- <col><b>Chestnut
oak</b></col>, <i>Q. Prinus</i> and <i>Q. densiflora</i>. --
<col><b>Chinquapin oak</b></col> (see under <u>Chinquapin</u>), <i>Q.
prinoides</i>. -- <col><b>Coast live oak</b></col>, <i>Q.
agrifolia</i>, of California; -- also called <i>enceno</i>. --
<col><b>Live oak</b></col> (see under <u>Live</u>), <i>Q. virens</i>,
the best of all for shipbuilding; also, <i>Q. Chrysolepis</i>, of
California. -- <col><b>Pin oak</b></col>. Same as <i>Swamp oak</i>. -
- <col><b>Post oak</b></col>, <i>Q. obtusifolia</i>. -- <col><b>Red
oak</b></col>, <i>Q. rubra</i>. -- <col><b>Scarlet oak</b></col>,
<i>Q. coccinea</i>. -- <col><b>Scrub oak</b></col>, <i>Q.
ilicifolia</i>, <i>Q. undulata</i>, etc. -- <col><b>Shingle
oak</b></col>, <i>Q. imbricaria</i>. -- <col><b>Spanish
oak</b></col>, <i>Q. falcata</i>. -- <col><b>Swamp Spanish
oak</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Pin oak</b></col>, <i>Q.
palustris</i>. -- <col><b>Swamp white oak</b></col>, <i>Q.
bicolor</i>. -- <col><b>Water oak</b></col>, <i>Q. aguatica</i>. --
<col><b>Water white oak</b></col>, <i>Q. lyrata</i>. --
<col><b>Willow oak</b></col>, <i>Q. Phellos</i>.</p>

<p>    Among the true oaks in Europe are: <col><b>Bitter
oak</b></col>, or <col><b>Turkey oak</b></col>, <i>Q. Cerris</i> (see
<u>Cerris</u>). -- <col><b>Cork oak</b></col>, <i>Q. Suber</i>. --
<col><b>English white oak</b></col>, <i>Q. Robur</i>. --
<col><b>Evergreen oak</b></col>, <col><b>Holly oak</b></col>, or
<col><b>Holm oak</b></col>, <i>Q. Ilex</i>. -- <col><b>Kermes
oak</b></col>, <i>Q. coccifera</i>. -- <col><b>Nutgall oak</b></col>,
<i>Q. infectoria</i>.</p>

<p>&fist; Among plants called <i>oak</i>, but not of the genus
<i>Quercus</i>, are: <col><b>African oak</b></col>, <cd>a valuable
timber tree (<i>Oldfieldia Africana</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Australian,
or She</b></col>, <col><b>oak</b></col>, <cd>any tree of the genus
<i>Casuarina</i> (see <u>Casuarina</u>).</cd> -- <col><b>Indian
oak</b></col>, <cd>the teak tree (see <u>Teak</u>).</cd> --
<col><b>Jerusalem oak</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Jerusalem</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>New Zealand oak</b></col>, <cd>a sapindaceous tree
(<i>Alectryon excelsum</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Poison oak</b></col>,
<cd>the poison ivy. See under <u>Poison</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silky,
or Silk-bark</b></col>, <col><b>oak</b></col>, <cd>an Australian tree
(<i>Grevillea robusta</i>).</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Green oak</b></col>, <cd>oak wood colored green by the
growth of the mycelium of certain fungi.</cd> -- <col><b>Oak
apple</b></col>, <cd>a large, smooth, round gall produced on the
leaves of the American red oak by a gallfly (<i>Cynips
confluens</i>). It is green and pulpy when young.</cd> -- <col><b>Oak
beauty</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a British geometrid moth
(<i>Biston prodromaria</i>) whose larva feeds on the oak.</cd> --
<col><b>Oak gall</b></col>, <cd>a gall found on the oak. See 2d
<u>Gall</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Oak leather</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the mycelium of a fungus which forms leatherlike patches in the
fissures of oak wood.</cd> -- <col><b>Oak pruner</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Pruner</u>, the insect.</cd> --
<col><b>Oak spangle</b></col>, <cd>a kind of gall produced on the oak
by the insect <i>Diplolepis lenticularis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Oak
wart</b></col>, <cd>a wartlike gall on the twigs of an oak.</cd> --
<col><b>The Oaks</b></col>, <cd>one of the three great annual English
horse races (the Derby and St. Leger being the others). It was
instituted in 1779 by the Earl of Derby, and so called from his
estate.</cd> -- <col><b>To sport one's oak</b></col>, <cd>to be "not
at home to visitors," signified by closing the outer (oaken) door of
one's rooms.</cd> [Cant, Eng. Univ.]</p>

<p><hw>Oak"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&amacr;cen</i>.]
<def>Made or consisting of oaks or of the wood of oaks.</def> "In
<i>oaken</i> bower."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Oaken</i> timber, wherewith to build
ships.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ocher</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oak"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young
oak.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><! p. 989 !></p>

<p><hw>Oak"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&amacr;cumba</i>; pref. &?; (cf.G. <i>er-</i>, Goth. <i>us-</i>,
orig. meaning, out) + <i>cemban</i> to comb, <i>camb</i> comb. See
<u>Comb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The material obtained by
untwisting and picking into loose fiber old hemp ropes; -- used for
calking the seams of ships, stopping leaks, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The coarse portion separated from flax or
hemp in nackling.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>White oakum</b></col>, <cd>that made from untarred
rope.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Resembling oak;
strong.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n</i></pos> [AS. <i>&amacr;r</i>; akin
to Icel. <i>&amacr;r</i>, Dan. <i>aare</i>, Sw. <i>&aring;ra</i>;
perh. akin to E. <i>row</i>, v.  Cf. <u>Rowlock</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An implement for impelling a boat, being a
slender piece of timber, usually ash or spruce, with a grip or handle
at one end and a broad blade at the other. The part which rests in
the rowlock is called the <i>loom</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; An oar is a kind of long paddle, which swings about a kind
of fulcrum, called a <i>rowlock</i>, fixed to the side of the
boat.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An oarsman; a rower; as, he is a good
<i>oar</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An oarlike swimming
organ of various invertebrates.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oar cock</b></col> <sd><i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i></sd>, <cd>the
water rail.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Spoon oar</b></col>, <cd>an
oar having the blade so curved as to afford a better hold upon the
water in rowing.</cd> -- <col><b>To boat the oars</b></col>, <cd>to
cease rowing, and lay the oars in the boat.</cd> -- <col><b>To
feather the oars</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Feather</u>.</cd>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> -- <col><b>To lie on the oars</b></col>,
<cd>to cease pulling, raising the oars out of water, but not boating
them; to cease from work of any kind; to be idle; to rest.</cd> --
<col><b>To muffle the oars</b></col>, <cd>to put something round that
part which rests in the rowlock, to prevent noise in rowing.</cd> --
<col><b>To put in one's oar</b></col>, <cd>to give aid or advice; --
commonly used of a person who obtrudes aid or counsel not
invited.</cd> -- <col><b>To ship the oars</b></col>, <cd>to place
them in the rowlocks.</cd> -- <col><b>To toss the oars</b></col>,
<cd>To peak the oars, to lift them from the rowlocks and hold them
perpendicularly, the handle resting on the bottom of the boat.</cd> -
- <col><b>To trail oars</b></col>, <cd>to allow them to trail in the
water alongside of the boat.</cd> -- <col><b>To unship the
oars</b></col>, <cd>to take them out of the rowlocks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Oared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Oaring</u>.] <def>To row.</def> "<i>Oared</i> himself."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Oared with laboring arms.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with oars; -- chiefly used in composition; as, a four-
<i>oared</i> boat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Having feet adapted for swimming.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Totipalmate; -- said of the feet of certain birds. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Aves</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oared shrew</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,  <cd>an aquatic
European shrew (<i>Crossopus ciliatus</i>); -- called also <i>black
water shrew</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oar"fish`</hw> (&omacr;r"f&ibreve;sh`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>  <def>The ribbon fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oar"foot`</hw> (-f&oomcr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>  <def>Any crustacean of the genus
<i>Remipes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oar"-foot`ed</hw> <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having feet
adapted for swimming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oar"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without oars.</def>
<i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oar"lock`</hw> (&omacr;r"l&obreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <def>The notch, fork, or other device on the gunwale
of a boat, in which the oar rests in rowing.  See
<u>Rowlock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oars"man</hw> (&omacr;rz"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Oarsmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>One who
uses, or is skilled in the use of, an oar; a rower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the prow of the boat, rose one of the
<i>oarsmen</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oars"weed`</hw> (&omacr;r"w&emacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any large seaweed of the genus <i>Laminaria</i>;
tangle; kelp.  See <u>Kelp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oar"y</hw> (&omacr;r"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the form or the use of an oar; as, the swan's <i>oary</i>
feet.</def> <i>Milton.</i> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"as*is</hw> (&omacr;"&adot;*s&ibreve;s <i>or</i>
&osl;*&amacr;"s&ibreve;s; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oases</b></plw> (-s&emacr;z). [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>'o`asis</grk>; cf. Copt. <i>ouahe</i>.] <def>A fertile or green
spot in a waste or desert, esp. in a sandy desert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My one <i>oasis</i> in the dust and drouth<BR>
Of city life.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oast</hw> (&omacr;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ost</i>,
AS. <i>&amacr;st</i>; cf. Gr. <grk>a'i^qos</grk> burning heat.]
<def>A kiln to dry hops or malt; a cockle.</def> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oat</hw> (&omacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oats</b></plw> (&omacr;ts). [OE. <i>ote</i>, <i>ate</i>, AS.
<i>&amacr;ta</i>, akin to Fries. <i>oat</i>.  Of uncertain origin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A well-known cereal grass
(<i>Avena sativa</i>), and its edible grain; -- commonly used in the
plural and in a collective sense.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A musical pipe made of oat straw.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Animated oats</b></col> <i>or</i> <col><b>Animal
oats</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>A grass (<i>Avena sterilis</i>)
much like oats, but with a long spirally twisted awn which coils and
uncoils with changes of moisture, and thus gives the grains an
apparently automatic motion.</cd> -- <col><b>Oat fowl</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the snow bunting; -- so called from its
feeding on oats.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Oat grass</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the name of several grasses more or less
resembling oats, as <i>Danthonia spicata</i>, <i>D. sericea</i>, and
<i>Arrhenatherum avenaceum</i>, all common in parts of the United
States.</cd> -- <col><b>To feel one's oats</b></col>,  <cd>to be
conceited ro self-important.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>To sow one's
wild oats</b></col>, <cd>to indulge in youthful dissipation.</cd>
<i>Thackeray.</i> -- <col><b>Wild oats</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
grass (<i>Avena fatua</i>) much resembling oats, and by some persons
supposed to be the original of cultivated oats.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oat"cake</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cake made of
oatmeal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oat"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of an oat straw or stem; as, an <i>oaten</i>
pipe.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made of oatmeal; as, <i>oaten</i>
cakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oath</hw> (&omacr;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oaths</b></plw> (&omacr;&thlig;z). [OE. <i>othe</i>,
<i>oth</i>, <i>ath</i>, AS. <i>&amacr;&eth;</i>; akin to D.
<i>eed</i>, OS. <i>&emacr;&eth;</i>, G. <i>eid</i>, Icel.
<i>ei&eth;r</i>, Sw. <i>ed</i>, Dan. <i>eed</i>, Goth.
<i>ai&thorn;s</i>; cf. OIr. <i>oeth</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
solemn affirmation or declaration, made with a reverent appeal to God
for the truth of what is affirmed.</def> "I have an <i>oath</i> in
heaven"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>oath</i> of secrecy for the concealing of those
[inventions] which we think fit to keep secret.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A solemn affirmation, connected with a
sacred object, or one regarded as sacred, as the temple, the altar,
the blood of Abel, the Bible, the Koran, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An appeal (in verification of
a statement made) to a superior sanction, in such a form as exposes
the party making the appeal to an indictment for perjury if the
statement be false.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A careless and blasphemous use of the name
of the divine Being, or anything divine or sacred, by way of appeal
or as a profane exclamation or ejaculation; an expression of profane
swearing.</def> "A terrible <i>oath</i>"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oath"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
having an oath administered to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oath"break`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
violation of an oath; perjury.</def>  <i>Shak</i></p>

<p><hw>Oat"meal`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Meal made of oats.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Panicum</i>; panic grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob-</hw> (?). [L. <i>ob</i>, prep.  Cf. <u>Epi-</u>.] <def>A
prefix signifying <i>to</i>, <i>toward</i>, <i>before</i>,
<i>against</i>, <i>reversely</i>, etc.; also, as a simple intensive;
as in <i>oblige</i>, to bind to; obstacle, something standing before;
object, lit., to throw against; obovate, reversely, ovate. <i>Ob-</i>
is commonly assimilated before <i>c</i>, <i>f</i>, <i>g</i>, and
<i>p</i>, to <i>oc-</i>, <i>of-</i>, <i>og-</i>, and <i>op-
</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"com*pressed"</hw> (?). <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ob-
</i> + <i>compressed</i>.] <def>Compressed or flattened antero-
posteriorly, or in a way opposite to the usual one.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ob*con"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ob*con"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ob-</i> + <i>conic</i>,
<i>conical</i>.] <def>Conical, but having the apex downward;
inversely conical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*cor"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ob-</i> +
<i>cordate</i>.] <def>Heart-shaped, with the attachment at the
pointed end; inversely cordate: as, an <i>obcordate</i> petal or
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*dip`lo*stem"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>ob-</i> + <i>diplostemonous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having twice
as many stamens as petals, those of the outer set being opposite the
petals; -- said of flowers.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*dip"lo*stem"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The condition of being obdiplostemonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"dor*mi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obdormire</i> to fall asleep.] <def>Sleep.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obducere</i>, <i>obductum</i>; <i>ob</i> (see Ob-) + <i>ducere</i>
to lead.] <def>To draw over, as a covering.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*duct"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Obduce</u>.] <def>To draw over; to cover.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obductio</i>.] <def>The act of drawing or laying over, as a
covering.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob"du*ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The duality or
state of being obdurate; invincible hardness of heart;
obstinacy.</def> "<i>Obduracy</i> and persistency."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The absolute completion of sin in final
<i>obduracy</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"du*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obduratus</i>, p. p. of <i>obdurare</i> to harden; <i>ob</i> (see
Ob-)+ <i>durare</i> to harden, <i>durus</i> hard. See <u>Dure</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hardened in feelings, esp. against moral or
mollifying influences; unyielding; hard-hearted; stubbornly
wicked.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The very custom of evil makes the heart
<i>obdurate</i> against whatsoever instructions to the
contrary.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Art thou <i>obdurate</i>, flinty, hard as steel, Nay,
more than flint, for stone at rain relenteth?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hard; harsh; rugged; rough;
intractable.</def> "<i>Obdurate</i> consonants."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Sometimes accented on the second syllable, especially by
the older poets.</p>

<p><blockquote>There is no flesh in man's <i>obdurate</i>
heart.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hard; firm; unbending; inflexible; unyielding;
stubborn; obstinate; impenitent; callous; unfeeling; insensible;
unsusceptible.  -- <u>Obdurate</u>, <u>Callous</u>, <u>Hardened</u>.
<i>Callous</i> denotes a deadening of the sensibilities; as. a
<i>callous</i> conscience. <i>Hardened</i> implies a general and
settled disregard for the claims of interest, duty, and sympathy; as,
<i>hardened</i> in vice. <i>Obdurate</i> implies an active resistance
of the heart and will aganst the pleadings of compassion and
humanity.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ob"du*rate*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ob"du*rate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ob"du*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
harden.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob"du*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obduratio</i>.] <def>A hardening of the heart; hardness of
heart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob*dure"</hw> (&obreve;b*d&umacr;r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To harden.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ob*dure"</hw> (&obreve;b*d&umacr;r"), <hw>Ob*dured"</hw>
(&obreve;b*d&umacr;rd"), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Obdurate;
hard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This saw his hapless foes, but stood
<i>obdured</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ob*dure"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Ob*dur"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>}
<def>Hardness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"e</hw> (&omacr;"b&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Obi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*be"ah</hw> (?). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Obi</u>.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
obi; as, the <i>obeah</i> man.</def>  <i>B. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*be"di*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Obedient.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*be"di*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ob&eacute;dience</i>, L. <i>obedientia</i>, <i>oboedientia</i>.
See <u>Obedient</u>, and cf. <u>Obeisance</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of obeying, or the state of being
obedient; compliance with that which is required by authority;
subjection to rightful restraint or control.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Government must compel the <i>obedience</i> of
individuals.</blockquote> <i>Ames.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Words or actions denoting submission to
authority; dutifulness.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
following; a body of adherents; as, the Roman Catholic
<i>obedience</i>, or the whole body of persons who submit to the
authority of the pope.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A cell (or
offshoot of a larger monastery) governed by a prior.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the three monastic vows.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The written precept of a
superior in a religious order or congregation to a subject.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Canonical obedience</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Canonical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Passive obedience</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Passive</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O*be`di*en"ci*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
yielding obedience.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*be"di*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>obedient</i>, L. <i>obediens</i>, <i>oboediens</i>, <i>-entis</i>.
p. pr. of <i>obedire</i>, <i>oboedire</i>, to obey. See <u>Obey</u>.]
<def>Subject in will or act to authority; willing to obey; submissive
to restraint, control, or command.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And floating straight, <i>obedient</i> to the
stream.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The chief his orders gives; the <i>obedient</i>
band,<BR>
With due observance, wait the chief's command.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dutiful; respectful; compliant; submissive.</p>

<p><hw>O*be`di*en"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ob&eacute;dientiel</i>.] <def>According to the rule of
obedience.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>obediental</i> subjection to the Lord of
Nature.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*be"di*ent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
obedient manner; with obedience.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*bei"sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ob&eacute;issance</i> obedience, fr. <i>ob&eacute;issant</i>. See
<u>Obey</u>, and cf. <u>Obedience</u>, <u>Abaisance</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Obedience.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A manifestation of obedience; an
expression of difference or respect; homage; a bow; a
courtesy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bathsheba bowed and did <i>obeisance</i> unto the
king.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings i. 16.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*bei"san*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Obeisance</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O*bei"sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ob&eacute;issant</i>, p. pr. of <i>ob&eacute;ir</i> to obey.]
<def>Ready to obey; reverent; differential; also, servilely
submissive.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*be"li*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
a spit.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The region of the skull between the two
parietal foramina where the closure of the sagittal suture usually
begins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob`e*lis"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed like
an obelisk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"e*lisk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>obeliscus</i>,
Gr. &?;, dim. of &?; a spit, a pointed pillar: cf. F.
<i>ob&eacute;lisque</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An upright, four-
sided pillar, gradually tapering as it rises, and terminating in a
pyramid called <i>pyramidion</i>. It is ordinarily monolithic.
Egyptian obelisks are commonly covered with hieroglyphic writing from
top to bottom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A mark of reference; --
called also <i>dagger</i> [&dagger;]. See <u>Dagger</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"e*lisk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Obelisked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obelisking</u>.] <def>To mark or designate with an
obelisk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"e*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Obelized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obelizing</u> (?).] [Gr. &?;, fr. <grk>'obelo`s</grk>. See
<u>Obelus</u>.] <def>To designate with an obelus; to mark as doubtful
or spirituous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ob"e*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Obeli</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. <grk>'obelo`s</grk>, prop.,
a spit.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A mark [thus &mdash;, or &divide;]; --
so called as resembling a needle. In old MSS. or editions of the
classics, it marks suspected passages or readings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*eq"ui*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obequitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>obequitare</i> to ride about.]
<def>To ride about.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Ob*eq`ui*ta"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Cockerman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"er*on</hw> (&obreve;b"&etilde;r*&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. OF. <i>Auberon</i>; prob. of Frankish
origin.] <i>(Medi&aelig;val Mythol.)</i> <def>The king of the
fairies, and husband of Titania or Queen Mab.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`er*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oberrate</i> to wander about.] <def>A wandering about.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Jonhson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*bese"</hw> (?). <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>obesus</i> eaten
away, lean; also, that has eaten itself fat, fat, stout, p. p. of
<i>obedere</i> to devour; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>edere</i>
to eat. See <u>Eat</u>.] <def>Excessively corpulent; fat;
fleshy.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*bese"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
obese; obesity.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*bes"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>obesitas</i>:
cf.F. <i>ob&eacute;sit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state or quality of
being obese; incumbrance of flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*bey"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Obeyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obeying</u>.] [OE. <i>obeyen</i>, F. <i>ob&eacute;ir</i>, fr. L.
<i>obedire</i>, <i>oboedire</i>; <i>ob</i> (see Ob-) + <i>audire</i>
to hear. See <u>Audible</u>, and cf. <u>Obeisance</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give ear to; to execute the commands of;
to yield submission to; to comply with the orders of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Children, <i>obey</i> your parents in the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Eph. vi. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Was she the God, that her thou didst
<i>obey</i>?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To submit to the authority of; to be ruled
by.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My will <i>obeyed</i> his will.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Afric and India shall his power
<i>obey</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To yield to the impulse, power, or
operation <i>of</i>; as, a ship <i>obeys</i> her helm.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*bey"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give
obedience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will he <i>obey</i> when one commands?</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; By some old writers <i>obey</i> was used, as in the French
idiom, with the preposition <i>to</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>His servants ye are, <i>to</i> whom ye
<i>obey</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rom. vi. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He commanded the trumpets to sound: <i>to</i> which
the two brave knights <i>obeying</i>, they performed their
courses.</blockquote> <i>Sir. P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*bey"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who yields
obedience.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*bey"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Obediently;
submissively.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ob*firm"</hw> (?), <hw>Ob*firm"ate</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [L. <i>obfirmatus</i>, p. p. of <i>obfirmare</i> to make
steadfast. See <u>Ob-</u>, and <u>Firm</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To make firm; to harden in resolution.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall. Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"fir*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>obfirmatio</i>.] <def>Hardness of heart; obduracy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*fus"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obfuscatus</i>, p. p. of <i>obfuscare</i> to darken; <i>ob</i>
(see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>fuscare</i>, <i>fuscatum</i>, to darken, from
<i>fuscus</i> dark.] <def>Obfuscated; darkened; obscured.</def>
[Obs.] [Written also <i>offuscate</i>.]  <i>Sir. T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*fus"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Obfuscated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Obfuscating</u>.] <def>To darken; to obscure; to
becloud; hence, to confuse; to bewilder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His head, like a smokejack, the funnel unswept, and
the ideas whirling round and round about in it, all <i>obfuscated</i>
and darkened over with fuliginous matter.</blockquote>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Clouds of passion which might <i>obfuscate</i> the
intellects of meaner females.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><! p. 990 !></p>

<p><hw>Ob`fus*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obfuscatio</i>.] <def>The act of darkening or bewildering; the
state of being darkened.</def> "<i>Obfuscation</i> of the cornea."
<i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"bi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. of African origin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A species of sorcery, probably of African
origin, practiced among the negroes of the West Indies.</def>
[Written also <i>obe</i> and <i>obeah</i>.]  <i>De Quincey.</i>
<i>B. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A charm or fetich.</def> [West Indies]
<i>B. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*im"bri*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ob-
</i> + imbricate.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Imbricated, with the
overlapping ends directed downward.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"bit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>obit</i>, L.
<i>obitus</i>, fr. <i>obire</i> to go against, to go to meet, (sc.
<i>mortem</i>) to die; <i>ob</i> (see Ob-) + <i>ire</i> to go. See
<u>Issue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Death; decease; the date of
one's death.</def>  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A funeral solemnity or office;
obsequies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A service for the soul of a deceased
person on the anniversary of the day of his death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The emoluments and advantages from oblations,
<i>obits</i>, and other sources, increased in value.</blockquote>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Post obit</b></col> [L. <i>post obitum</i>]. <cd>See
<u>Post-obit</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ob"i*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L., on the way;
<i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>iter</i> a going, a walk, way.]
<def>In passing; incidentally; by the way.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Obiter dictum</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an incidental
and collateral opinion uttered by a judge. See <u>Dictum</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O*bit"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>obitus</i>
death. See <u>Obit</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to obits, or days when
obits are celebrated; as, <i>obitual</i> days.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*bit"u*a*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of an obituary.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*bit"u*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Obit</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the death of a person or persons; as, an
<i>obituary</i> notice; <i>obituary</i> poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*bit"u*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Obituaries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>obituaire</i>. See
<u>Obit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which pertains to, or is
called forth by, the obit or death of a person; esp., an account of a
deceased person; a notice of the death of a person, accompanied by a
biographical sketch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>A list of the dead, or a
register of anniversary days when service is performed for the
dead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*ject"</hw> (&obreve;b*j&ebreve;kt"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Objected</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Objecting</u>.] [L.
<i>objectus</i>, p. p. of <i>objicere</i>, <i>obicere</i>, to throw
or put before, to oppose; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>jacere</i>
to throw: cf. <i>objecter</i>. See <u>Jet</u> a shooting forth.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set before or against; to bring into
opposition; to oppose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of less account some knight thereto <i>object</i>,<BR>
<i>Whose loss so great and harmful can not prove</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some strong impediment or other <i>objecting</i>
itself.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pallas to their eyes<BR>
The mist <i>objected</i>, and condensed the skies.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To offer in opposition as a criminal
charge or by way of accusation or reproach; to adduce as an objection
or adverse reason.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gave to him to <i>object</i> his heinous
crime.</blockquote> <i>Spencer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Others <i>object</i> the poverty of the
nation.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The book . . . giveth liberty to <i>object</i> any
crime against such as are to be ordered.</blockquote>
<i>Whitgift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*ject"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make opposition
in words or argument; -- usually followed by <i>to</i>.</def>
<i>Sir. T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"ject</hw> (&obreve;b"j&ebreve;kt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>objectus</i>. See <u>Object</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is put, or which may be
regarded as put, in the way of some of the senses; something visible
or tangible; as, he observed an <i>object</i> in the distance; all
the <i>objects</i> in sight; he touched a strange <i>object</i> in
the dark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is set, or which may be
regarded as set, before the mind so as to be apprehended or known;
that of which the mind by any of its activities takes cognizance,
whether a thing external in space or a conception formed by the mind
itself; as, an <i>object</i> of knowledge, wonder, fear, thought,
study, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Object</i> is a term for that about which the
knowing subject is conversant; what the schoolmen have styled the
"materia circa quam."</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>object</i> of their bitterest
hatred.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That by which the mind, or any of its
activities, is directed; that on which the purpose are fixed as the
end of action or effort; that which is sought for; end; aim; motive;
final cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Object</i>, beside its proper signification, came
to be abusively applied to denote motive, end, final cause . . . .
This innovation was probably borrowed from the French.</blockquote>
<i>Sir. W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let our <i>object</i> be, our country, our whole
country, and nothing but our country.</blockquote> <i>D.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sight; show; appearance; aspect.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He, advancing close<BR>
Up to the lake, past all the rest, arose<BR>
In glorious <i>object</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word, phrase, or clause
toward which an action is directed, or is considered to be directed;
as, the <i>object</i> of a transitive verb.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Object glass</b></col>, <cd>the lens, or system of lenses,
placed at the end of a telescope, microscope, etc., which is toward
the object. Its office is to form an image of the object, which is
then viewed by the eyepiece. Called also <i>objective</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Microscope</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Object
lesson</b></col>, <cd>a lesson in which object teaching is made use
of.</cd> -- <col><b>Object staff</b></col>. <i>(Leveling)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Leveling staff</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Object
teaching</b></col>, <cd>a method of instruction, in which
illustrative objects are employed, each new word or idea being
accompanied by a representation of that which it signifies; -- used
especially in the kindergarten, for young children.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ob*ject"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>objectus</i>,
<i>p. p.</i>] <def>Opposed; presented in opposition; also,
exposed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob*ject"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as can
be presented in opposition; that may be put forward as an
objection.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob*jec"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Object</i>
+ <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To cause to become an object; to cause to assume
the character of an object; to render objective.</def>  <i>J. D.
Morell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*jec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>objectio</i>: cf. F. <i>objection</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of objecting; as, to prevent agreement, or action, by
<i>objection</i>.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is, or may be, presented in
opposition; an adverse reason or argument; a reason for objecting;
obstacle; impediment; as, I have no <i>objection</i> to going;
unreasonable <i>objections</i>.</def>  "<i>Objections</i> against
every truth."  <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cause of trouble; sorrow.</def> [Obs. or
R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He remembers the <i>objection</i> that lies in his
bosom, and he sighs deeply.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Exception; difficulty; doubt; scruple.</p>

<p><hw>Ob*jec"tion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable
to objection; likely to be objected to or disapproved of; offensive;
as, <i>objectionable</i> words.</def> -- <wf>Ob*jec"tion*a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ob"ject*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
adheres to, or is skilled in, the objective philosophy.</def>  <i>Ed.
Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*jec"ti*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
objectify.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*jec`ti*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Converting into an object.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*jec"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>objectif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an
object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to an
object; contained in, or having the nature or position of, an object;
outward; external; extrinsic; -- an epithet applied to whatever ir
exterior to the mind, or which is simply an <i>object</i> of thought
or feeling, and opposed to <i>subjective</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the Middle Ages, <i>subject</i> meant
<i>substance</i>, and has this sense in Descartes and Spinoza:
sometimes, also, in Reid. <i>Subjective</i> is used by William of
Occam to denote that which exists independent of mind;
<i>objective</i>, what is formed by the mind. This shows what is
meant by <i>realitas objectiva</i> in Descartes. Kant and Fichte have
inverted the meanings. <i>Subject</i>, with them, is the mind which
knows; <i>object</i>, that which is known; <i>subjective</i>, the
varying conditions of the knowing mind; <i>objective</i>, that which
is in the constant nature of the thing known.</blockquote>
<i>Trendelenburg.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Objective</i> means that which belongs to, or
proceeds from, the object known, and not from the subject knowing,
and thus denotes what is real, in opposition to that which is ideal -
- what exists in nature, in contrast to what exists merely in the
thought of the individual.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Objective</i> has come to mean that which has
independent exostence or authority, apart from our experience or
thought. Thus, moral law is said to have <i>objective authority</i>,
that is, authority belonging to itself, and not drawn from anything
in our nature.</blockquote> <i>Calderwood (Fleming's
Vocabulary).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, the case which follows a transitive verb or a
preposition, being that case in which the direct <i>object</i> of the
verb is placed. See <u>Accusative</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>&fist; The objective case is frequently used without a governing
word, esp. in designations of time or space, where a preposition, as
<i>at</i>, <i>in</i>, <i>on</i>, etc., may be supplied.</p>

<p><blockquote>My troublous dream [on] <i>this night</i> make me
sad.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To write of victories [<i>in</i> or <i>for</i>]
<i>next year</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Objective line</b></col> <i>(Perspective)</i>, <cd>a line
drawn on the geometrical plane which is represented or sought to be
represented.</cd> -- <col><b>Objective plane</b></col>
<i>(Perspective)</i>, <cd>any plane in the horizontal plane that is
represented.</cd> -- <col><b>Objective point</b></col>, <cd>the point
or result to which the operations of an army are directed. By
extension, the point or purpose to which anything, as a journey or an
argument, is directed.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Objective</u>, <u>Subjective</u>.
<i>Objective</i> is applied to things exterior to the mind, and
<i>objects</i> of its attention; <i>subjective</i>, to the operations
of the mind itself. Hence, an <i>objective</i> motive is some outward
thing awakening desire; a <i>subjective</i> motive is some internal
feeling or propensity. <i>Objective</i> views are those governed by
outward things; <i>subjective</i> views are produced or modified by
internal feeling.  Sir Walter Scott's poetry is chiefly
<i>objective</i>; that of Wordsworth is eminently
<i>subjective</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>In the philosophy of mind, <i>subjective</i> denotes
what is to be referred to the thinking subject, the ego;
<i>objective</i> what belongs to the object of thought, the non-
ego.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Hamilton</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*jec"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The objective case.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An object glass.  See under <u>Object</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as <i>Objective point</i>, under
<u>Objective</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*jec"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
or state of an object; as, a determinate idea <i>objectively</i> in
the mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*jec"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Objectivity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is there such a motion or <i>objectiveness</i> of
external bodies, which produceth light?</blockquote> <i>Sir M.
Hale</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`jec*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>objectivit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state, quality, or relation of
being objective; character of the object or of the
objective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The calm, the cheerfulness, the disinterested
<i>objectivity</i> have disappeared [in the life of the
Greeks].</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"ject*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make an
object of; to regard as an object; to place in the position of an
object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the latter, as <i>objectized</i> by the former,
arise the emotions and affections.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"ject*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no object;
purposeless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*ject"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an accuser.]
<def>One who objects; one who offers objections to a proposition or
measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*jib"ways</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Chippeways</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*jic"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>objiciens</i>, p. pr. of <i>objicere</i> to object.] <def>One who
makes objection; an objector.</def> [R.]  <i>Cardinal
Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`ju*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>objurare</i> to bind by oath; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) +
<i>jurare</i> to swear, fr. <i>jus</i> right.] <def>A binding by
oath.</def> [R.]  <i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*jur"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Objurgated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Objurgating</u>.] [L. <i>objurgatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>objurgare</i> to chide; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) +
<i>jurgare</i> to quarrel, scold, fr. <i>jus</i> right, court. See
<u>Jury</u>.] <def>To chide; to reprove.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob`jur*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>objurgatio</i>: cf.F. <i>objurgation</i>.] <def>The act of
objurgating; reproof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While the good lady was bestowing this
<i>objurgation</i> on Mr. Ben Allen.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With a strong <i>objurgation</i> of the elbow in his
ribs.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*jur"ga*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>objurgatorius</i>.] <def>Designed to objurgate or chide;
containing or expressing reproof; culpatory.</def>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>objurgatory</i> question of the
Pharisees.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*lan"ce*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ob-
</i> + <i>lanceolate</i>.] <def>Lanceolate in the reversed order,
that is, narrowing toward the point of attachment more than toward
the apex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*late"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oblatus</i>,
used as p. p. of <i>offerre</i> to bring forward, offer, dedicate;
<i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>latus</i> borne, for <i>tlatus</i>.
See <u>Tolerate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Flattened or depressed at
the poles; as, the earth is an <i>oblate</i> spheroid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Offered up; devoted; consecrated;
dedicated; -- used chiefly or only in the titles of Roman Catholic
orders.  See <u>Oblate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Oblate ellipsoid</b></col>  or <col><b>spheroid</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a solid generated by the revolution of an ellipse
about its minor axis; an oblatum. See <i>Ellipsoid of revolution</i>,
under <u>Ellipsoid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ob*late"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Oblate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of an association of priests or religious women who have offered
themselves to the service of the church. There are three such
associations of priests, and one of women, called oblates.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the Oblati.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*late"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being oblate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ob*la"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L.
<i>oblatus</i>. See <u>Oblate</u>.] <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Children dedicated in their early years to
the monastic state.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A class of
persons, especially in the Middle Ages, who offered themselves and
their property to a monastery.</def>  <i>Addis &amp; Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>oblatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>oblation</i>. See <u>Oblate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of offering, or of making an offering.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything offered or presented in worship
or sacred service; an offering; a sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A peculiar . . . <i>oblation</i> given to
God.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A pin was the usual <i>oblation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gift or contribution made to a church,
as for the expenses of the eucharist, or for the support of the
clergy and the poor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*la"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes an offering as an act worship or reverence.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*la"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oblatratus</i>, p. p. of <i>oblatrare</i> to bark against.]
<def>To bark or snarl, as a dog.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob`la*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
oblatrating; a barking or snarling.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ob*la"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oblata</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Oblate</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>An oblate spheroid; a figure described by the revolution of an
ellipse about its minor axis.  Cf. <u>Oblongum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*lec"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oblectatus</i>, p. p. of <i>oblectare</i>.] <def>To delight; to
please greatly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob"lec*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oblectatio</i>.] <def>The act of pleasing highly; the state of
being greatly pleased; delight.</def> [R.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"li*ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Acknowledging, or complying with, obligation; trustworthy.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The main difference between people seems to be, that
one man can come under obligations on which you can rely, -- is
<i>obligable</i>; and another is not.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"li*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Obligated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Obligating</u>.] [L. <i>obligatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>obligare</i>.  See <u>Oblige</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bring or place under obligation, moral or legal; to hold by a
constraining motive.</def> "<i>Obligated</i> by a sense of duty."
<i>Proudfit.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That's your true plan -- to <i>obligate</i><BR>
The present ministers of state.</blockquote> <i>Churchill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bind or firmly hold to an act; to
compel; to constrain; to bind to any act of duty or courtesy by a
formal pledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That they may not incline or be <i>obligated</i> to
any vile or lowly occupations.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"li*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>obligation</i>. L. <i>obligatio</i>. See <u>Oblige</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of obligating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which obligates or constrains; the
binding power of a promise, contract, oath, or vow, or of law; that
which constitutes legal or moral duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tender conscience is a stronger <i>obligation</i>
than a proson.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any act by which a person becomes bound to
do something to or for anouther, or to forbear something; external
duties imposed by law, promise, or contract, by the relations of
society, or by courtesy, kindness, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man has <i>obligations</i> which belong to his
station. Duties extend beyond <i>obligation</i>, and direct the
affections, desires, and intentions, as well as the
actions.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being obligated or bound; the
state of being indebted for an act of favor or kindness; as, to place
others under <i>obligations</i> to one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A bond with a condition
annexed, and a penalty for nonfulfillment. In a larger sense, it is
an acknowledgment of a duty to pay a certain sum or do a certain
things.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Days of obligation</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Day</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ob"li*ga"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <def>See
<u>Obbligato</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"li*ga*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
obligatory manner; by reason of obligation.</def>  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"li*ga*to*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being obligatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"li*ga*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obligatorius</i>: cf.F. <i>obligatoire</i>.] <def>Binding in law
or conscience; imposing duty or obligation; requiring performance or
forbearance of some act; -- often followed by <i>on</i> or
<i>upon</i>; as, obedience is <i>obligatory</i> on a
soldier.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As long as the law is <i>obligatory</i>, so long our
obedience is due.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*blige"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Obliged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obliging</u> (?).] [OF. <i>obligier</i>, F. <i>obliger</i>, L.
<i>obligare</i>; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>ligare</i> to bind.
See <u>Ligament</u>, and cf. <u>Obligate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To attach, as by a bond.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>obliged</i> all the senators and magistrates
firmly to himself.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To constrain by physical, moral, or legal
force; to put under obligation to do or forbear something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>obliging</i> power of the law is neither
founded in, nor to be measured by, the rewards and punishments
annexed to it.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Religion <i>obliges</i> men to the practice of those
virtues which conduce to the preservation of our health.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bind by some favor rendered; to place
under a debt; hence, to do a favor to; to please; to gratify; to
accommodate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus man, by his own strength, to heaven would
soar,<BR>
And would not be <i>obliged</i> to God for more.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gates before it are brass, and the whole much
<i>obliged</i> to Pope Urban VIII.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall be more <i>obliged</i> to you than I can
express.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. E. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><! p. 991 !></p>

<p><hw>Ob"li*gee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>oblig&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>obliger</i>. See <u>Oblige</u>.]
<def>The person to whom another is bound, or the person to whom a
bond is given.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*blige"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Obligation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will not resist, therefore, whatever it is, either
of divine or human <i>obligement</i>, that you lay upon
me.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*bli"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, obliges.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*bli"ging</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Putting under
obligation; disposed to oblige or do favors; hence, helpful; civil;
kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mons.Strozzi has many curiosities, and is very
<i>obliging</i> to a stranger who desires the sight of
them.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Civil; complaisant; courteous; kind, --
<u>Obliging</u>, <u>Kind</u>, <u>Complaisant</u>.  One is <i>kind</i>
who desires to see others happy; one is <i>complaisant</i> who
endeavors to make them so in social intercourse by attentions
calculated to please; one who is <i>obliging</i> performs some actual
service, or has the disposition to do so.</p>

<p>-- <wf>O*bli"ging*ly</wf>. <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>O*bli"ging*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ob`li*gor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The person who
binds himself, or gives his bond to another.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`li*qua"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obliquatio</i>, fr. <i>obliquare</i> to turn obliquely. See
<u>Oblique</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of becoming oblique;
a turning to one side; obliquity; as, the <i>obliquation</i> of the
eyes.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deviation from moral rectitude.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob*lique"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>obliquus</i>; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>liquis</i> oblique;
cf. <i>licinus</i> bent upward, Gr &?; slanting.] [Written also
<i>oblike</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not erect or perpendicular; neither
parallel to, nor at right angles from, the base; slanting;
inclined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It has a direction <i>oblique</i> to that of the
former motion.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not straightforward; indirect; obscure;
hence, disingenuous; underhand; perverse; sinister.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The love we bear our friends . . . <BR>
Hath in it certain <i>oblique</i> ends.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This mode of <i>oblique</i> research, when a more
direct one is denied, we find to be the only one in our
power.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then would be closed the restless, <i>oblique</i>
eye.<BR>
That looks for evil, like a treacherous spy.</blockquote>
<i>Wordworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not direct in descent; not following the
line of father and son; collateral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His natural affection in a direct line was strong, in
an <i>oblique</i> but weak.</blockquote> <i>Baker.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Oblique angle</b></col>, <col><b>Oblique
ascension</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under
<u>Angle</u>,<u>Ascension</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique
arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an arch whose jambs are not at
right angles with the face, and whose intrados is in consequence
askew.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique bridge</b></col>, <cd>a skew bridge.
See under <u>Bridge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Oblique
case</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>any case except the nominative.
See <u>Case</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Oblique
circle</b></col> <i>(Projection)</i>, <cd>a circle whose plane is
oblique to the axis of the primitive plane.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique
fire</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a fire the direction of which is
not perpendicular to the line fired at.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique
flank</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>that part of the curtain whence
the fire of the opposite bastion may be discovered.</cd>
<i>Wilhelm.</i> -- <col><b>Oblique leaf</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A leaf twisted or inclined from the normal
position.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A leaf having one half
different from the other.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique line</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a line that, meeting or tending to meet another,
makes oblique angles with it.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique
motion</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a kind of motion or progression
in which one part ascends or descends, while the other prolongs or
repeats the same tone, as in the accompanying example.</cd> --
<col><b>Oblique muscle</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a muscle acting
in a direction oblique to the mesial plane of the body, or to the
associated muscles; -- applied especially to two muscles of the
eyeball.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique narration</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Oblique speech</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique planes</b></col>
<i>(Dialing)</i>, <cd>planes which decline from the zenith, or
incline toward the horizon.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique sailing</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the movement of a ship when she sails upon some
rhumb between the four cardinal points, making an oblique angle with
the meridian.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique speech</b></col>
<i>(Rhet.)</i>, <cd>speech which is quoted indirectly, or in a
different person from that employed by the original speaker.</cd> --
<col><b>Oblique sphere</b></col> <i>(Astron. &amp; Geog.)</i>, <cd>the
celestial or terrestrial sphere when its axis is oblique to the
horizon of the place; or as it appears to an observer at any point on
the earth except the poles and the equator.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique
step</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a step in marching, by which the
soldier, while advancing, gradually takes ground to the right or left
at an angle of about 25&deg;. It is not now practiced.</cd>
<i>Wilhelm.</i> -- <col><b>Oblique system of
co&ouml;rdinates</b></col> <i>(Anal. Geom.)</i>, <cd>a system in
which the co&ouml;rdinate axes are oblique to each other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ob*lique"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>An
oblique line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*lique"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Obliqued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obliquing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deviate from a
perpendicular line; to move in an oblique direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Projecting his person towards it in a line which
<i>obliqued</i> from the bottom of his spine.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To march in a direction
oblique to the line of the column or platoon; -- formerly
accomplished by oblique steps, now by direct steps, the men half-
facing either to the right or left.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*lique"-an`gled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
oblique angles; as, an <i>oblique-angled</i> triangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*lique"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an oblique
manner; not directly; indirectly.</def> "Truth <i>obliquely</i>
leveled."  <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Declining from the noon of day,<BR>
The sun <i>obliquely</i> shoots his burning ray.</blockquote>
<i>Pope</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His discourse tends <i>obliquely</i> to the detracting
from others.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*lique"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being oblique.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*liq"ui*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Obliquities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>obliquitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>obliquit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of
being oblique; deviation from a right line; deviation from
parallelism or perpendicularity; the amount of such deviation;
divergence; as, the <i>obliquity</i> of the ecliptic to the
equator.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deviation from ordinary rules;
irregularity; deviation from moral rectitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To disobey [God] . . . imports a moral
<i>obliquity</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oblitus</i>, p.
p. pf <i>oblinere</i> to besmear.] <def>Indistinct; slurred
over.</def> [Obs.] "Obscure and <i>oblite</i> mention."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*lit"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Obliterated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Obliterating</u>.] [L. <i>obliteratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>obliterare</i> to obliterate; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) +
<i>litera</i>, <i>littera</i>, letter.  See <u>Letter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To erase or blot out; to efface; to render
undecipherable, as a writing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wear out; to remove or destroy utterly
by any means; to render imperceptible; as. to <i>obliterate</i>
ideas; to <i>obliterate</i> the monuments of antiquity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The harsh and bitter feelings of this or that
experience are slowly <i>obliterated</i>.</blockquote> <i>W.
Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*lit"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Scarcely distinct; -- applied to the
markings of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*lit`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obliteratio</i>: cf.F. <i>oblit&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>The act
of obliterating, or the state of being obliterated; extinction.</def>
<i>Sir. M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*lit"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
or serving to obliterate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*liv"i*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>oblivio</i>,
akin to <i>oblivisci</i> to forget: cf. OF. <i>oblivion</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of forgetting, or the state of being
forgotten; cessation of remembrance; forgetfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Second childishness and mere
<i>oblivion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Among our crimes <i>oblivion</i> may be
set.</blockquote> <i>Dryden</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The origin of our city will be buried in eternal
<i>oblivion</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def> Official ignoring of offenses; amnesty,
or general pardon; as, an act of <i>oblivion</i>.</def>  <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Forgetfulness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ob*liv"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obliviosus</i>: cf.F. <i>oblivieux</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Promoting oblivion; causing
forgetfulness.</def> "The <i>oblivious</i> pool."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She lay in deep, <i>oblivious</i>
slumber.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evincing oblivion; forgetful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through are both weak in body and
<i>oblivious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Obliv"i*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ob*liv"i*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*loc"u*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oblocutor</i>, <i>obloquutor</i>, fr. <i>obloqui</i>,
<i>oblocutus</i>, to speak against; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) +
<i>loqui</i> to speak. See <u>Loquacious</u>.] <def>A disputer; a
gainsayer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"long</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oblongus</i>;
<i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>longus</i> long: cf. F.
<i>oblong</i>.] <def>Having greater length than breadth, esp. when
rectangular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"long</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rectangular figure
longer than it is broad; hence, any figure longer than it is
broad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best figure of a garden I esteem an <i>oblong</i>
upon a descent.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ob`lon*ga"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The medulla oblongata.</def>  <i>B. G.
Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"lon*ga"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the medulla oblongata; medullar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"long*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
oblong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"long*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an oblong
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"long*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or quality
of being oblong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"long-o"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Between
oblong and ovate, but inclined to the latter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ob*lon"gum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oblonga</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Oblong</u>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A prolate spheroid; a figure described by the
revolution of an ellipse about its greater axis.  Cf. <u>Oblatum</u>,
and see <i>Ellipsoid of revolution</i>, under
<u>Ellipsoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*lo"qui*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
obloquy; reproachful</def> [R.]  <i>Naunton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"lo*quy</hw> (&obreve;b"l&osl;*kw&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>obloquium</i>, fr. <i>obloqui</i>. See
<u>Oblocutor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Censorious speech;
defamatory language; language that casts contempt on men or their
actions; blame; reprehension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall names that made your city the glory of the earth
be mentioned with <i>obloquy</i> and detraction?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cause of reproach; disgrace.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reproach; odium; censure; contumely; gainsaying;
reviling; calumny; slander; detraction.</p>

<p><hw>Ob`luc*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oblictutio</i>, fr. <i>obluctari</i> to struggle against.] <def>A
struggle against; resistance; opposition.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`mu*tes"cence</hw>
(&obreve;b`m&usl;*t&ebreve;s"s<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obmutescens</i>, p. pr of <i>obmutescere</i> to become dumb;
<i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>mutescere</i> to grow dumb, fr.
<i>mutus</i> dumb.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A becoming dumb; loss of
speech.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A keeping silent or mute.</def>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*nox"ious</hw> (&obreve;b*n&obreve;k"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>obnoxius</i>; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>)
+ <i>noxius</i> hurtful. See <u>Noxious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Subject; liable; exposed; answerable; amenable; -- with
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The writings of lawyers, which are tied
<i>obnoxious</i> to their particular laws.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Esteeming it more honorable to live on the public than
to be <i>obnoxious</i> to any private purse.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Obnoxious</i>, first or last,<BR>
To basest things</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liable to censure; exposed to punishment;
reprehensible; blameworthy.</def> "The contrived and interested
schemes of . . . <i>obnoxious</i> authors."  <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All are <i>obnoxious</i>, and this faulty land,<BR>
Like fainting Hester, does before you stand<BR>
Watching your scepter.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Offensive; odious; hateful; as, an
<i>obnoxious</i> statesman; a minister <i>obnoxious</i> to the
Whigs.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ob*nox"ious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ob*nox"ious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*nu"bi*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obnubilatus</i>, p. p. of <i>obnubilare</i> to obscure. See <u>Ob-
</u>, and <u>Nubilate</u>.] <def>To cloud; to obscure.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i> -- <wf>Ob*nu"bi*la"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.]  <i>Beddoes.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"boe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. F.
<i>hautbois</i>. See <u>Hautboy</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One of the
higher wind instruments in the modern orchestra, yet of great
antiquity, having a penetrating pastoral quality of tone, somewhat
like the clarinet in form, but more slender, and sounded by means of
a double reed; a hautboy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Oboe d'amore</b></col> [It., lit., oboe of love],
<i>and</i> <col><b>||Oboe di caccia</b></col> [It., lit., oboe of the
chase], <cd>are names of obsolete modifications of the oboe, often
found in the scores of Bach and Handel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O"bo*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A performer on
the oboe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"o*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Obolus</u>.]
<def>Possessing only small coins; impoverished.</def> [R.]
<i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F. <i>obole</i>. See
<u>Obolus</u>.] <i>(Old Pharm.)</i> <def>A weight of twelve grains;
or, according to some, of ten grains, or half a scruple.</def>
[Written also <i>obol</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob"o*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Obelize</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"o*lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Obolus</u>.]
<def>A copper coin, used in the Ionian Islands, about one cent in
value.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ob"o*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oboli</b></plw> (#). [L., fr Gr. (&?;)] <i>(Gr.Antiq.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small silver coin of Athens, the sixth
part of a drachma, about three cents in value.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An ancient weight, the sixth part of a
drachm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob`o*me"goid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ob-</i>
+ <i>omegoid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Obversely
omegoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*o"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ob-</i> +
<i>oval</i>.] <def>Obovate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*o"vate</hw> (?). <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ob-</i> +
<i>ovate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Inversely ovate; ovate with the
narrow end downward; as, an <i>obovate</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*rep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obreptio</i>, fr. <i>obrepere</i>, <i>obreptum</i>, to creep up
to; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>repere</i> to creep.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of creeping upon with secrecy or by
surprise.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The obtaining gifts of
escheat by fraud or surprise.</def>  <i>Bell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`rep*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obreptitus</i>.  See <u>Obreption</u>.] <def>Done or obtained by
surprise; with secrecy, or by concealment of the truth.</def> [R.]
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"ro*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obrogatus</i>, p. p. of <i>obrogare</i> to obrogate.] <def>To
annul indirectly by enacting a new and contrary law, instead of by
expressly abrogating or repealing the old one.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ob"rok</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>obrok'</i>.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A rent.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
poll tax paid by peasants absent from their lord's estate.</def>
[Russia]  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*scene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>obscenus</i>,
<i>obscaenus</i>, <i>obscoenus</i>, ill looking, filthy, obscene: cf.
F. <i>obsc&eacute;ne</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Offensive to chastity or modesty;
expressing or presenting to the mind or view something which
delicacy, purity, and decency forbid to be exposed; impure; as,
<i>obscene</i> language; <i>obscene</i> pictures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Words that were once chaste, by frequent use grew
<i>obscene</i> and uncleanly.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Foul; fifthy; disgusting.</def></p>

<p>
<blockquote>A girdle foul with grease b&?;&?;ds his <i>obscene</i>
attire.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inauspicious; ill-omened.</def> [R.] [A
Latinism]</p>

<p><blockquote>At the cheerful light,<BR>
The groaning ghosts and birds <i>obscene</i> take
flight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impure; immodest; indecent; unchaste; lewd.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ob*scene"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ob*scene"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ob*scen"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Obscenities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>obscentias</i>: cf.F.
<i>obsc&eacute;nit&eacute;</i>.] <def>That quality in words or things
which presents what is offensive to chasity or purity of mind;
obscene or impure lanquage or acts; moral impurity; lewdness;
obsceneness; as, the <i>obscenity</i> of a speech, or a
picture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr.Cowley asserts plainly, that <i>obscenity</i> has
no place in wit.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No pardon vile <i>obscenity</i> should
find.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*scur"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obscurans</i>, p. pr. of <i>obscurare</i> to obscure.] <def>One
who obscures; one who prevents enlightenment or hinders the progress
of knowledge and wisdom.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*scur"ant*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The system
or the principles of the obscurants.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*scur"ant*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Obscurant</u>.</def>  <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`scu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obscurativ</i>: cf.F. <i>obscuration</i>. See <u>Obscure</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <def>The act or operation of obscuring; the
state of being obscured; as, the <i>obscuration</i> of the moon in an
eclipse.</def>  <i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*scure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Obscurer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Obscurest</u>.] [L. <i>obscurus</i>,
orig., covered; <i>ob-</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + a root probably
meaning, to cover; cf. L. <i>scutum</i> shield, Skr. <i>sku</i> to
cover: cf.F. <i>obscur</i>.  Cf. <u>Sky</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered over, shaded, or darkened;
destitute of light; imperfectly illuminated; dusky; dim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His lamp shall be put out in <i>obscure</i>
darkness.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xx. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to darkness or night;
inconspicuous to the sight; indistinctly seen; hidden; retired;
remote from observation; unnoticed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>obscure</i> bird<BR>
Clamored the livelong night.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>obscure</i> corners of the earth.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not noticeable; humble; mean.</def> "O
base and <i>obscure</i> vulgar."  <i>Shak.</i> "An <i>obscure</i>
person."  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not easily understood; not clear or
legible; abstruse or blind; as, an <i>obscure</i> passage or
inscription.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not clear, full, or distinct; clouded;
imperfect; as, an <i>obscure</i> view of remote objects.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Obscure rays</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>those rays which
are not luminous or visible, and which in the spectrum are beyond the
limits of the visible portion.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dark; dim; darksome; dusky; shadowy; misty;
abstruse; intricate; difficult; mysterious; retired; unnoticed;
unknown; humble; mean; indistinct.</p>

<p><hw>Ob*scure"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Obscured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obscuring</u>.] [L. <i>obscurare</i>, fr. <i>obscurus</i>: cf. OF.
<i>obscurer</i>.  See <u>Obscure</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To
render obscure; to darken; to make dim; to keep in the dark; to hide;
to make less visible, intelligible, legible, glorious, beautiful, or
illustrious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are all couched in a pit hard by Herne's oak,
with <i>obscured</i> lights.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why, 't is an office of discovery, love,<BR>
And I should be <i>obscured</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is scarce any duty which has been so
<i>obscured</i> by the writings of learned men as this.</blockquote>
<i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And seest not sin <i>obscures</i> thy godlike
frame?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 992 !></p>

<p><hw>Ob*scure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To conceal
one's self; to hide; to keep dark.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How!  There's bad news.<BR>
I must <i>obscure</i>, and hear it.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*scure"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Obscurity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*scure"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an obscure
manner.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*scure"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
obscuring, or the state of being obscured; obscuration.</def>
<i>Pomfret.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*scure"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Obscurity.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*scur"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, obscures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*scu"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obscuritas</i>: cf. F. <i>obscurit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality
or state of being obscure; darkness; privacy; inconspicuousness;
unintelligibleness; uncertainty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yuo are not for <i>obscurity</i>
designed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They were now brought forth from <i>obscurity</i>, to
be contemplated by artists with admiration and despair.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Darkness</u>; dimness; gloom. See
<u>Darkness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ob"se*crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Obsecrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb,
n.</i></pos> <u>Obsecrating</u>.] [L. <i>obsecratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>obsecrare</i>, prop., to ask on religious grounds; <i>ob</i> (see
<u>Ob-</u>) + <i>sacrare</i> to declare as sacred, from <i>sacer</i>
sacred.] <def>To beseech; to supplicate; to implore.</def> [R.].
<i>Cockerman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"se*cra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obsecratio</i>: cf. F. <i>obsecration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of obsecrating or imploring; as, the <i>obsecrations</i>
of the Litany, being those clauses beginning with "By."</def>  <i>Bp.
Stillingfeet.</i>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure of speech in which
the orator implores the assistance of God or man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"se*cra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Expressing, or used in, entreaty; supplicatory.</def> [R.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"se*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obsequens</i>, p. pr. of <i>obsequi</i>; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-
</u>) + <i>sequi</i>. See <u>Sequence</u>.] <def>Obedient;
submissive; obsequious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*se"qui*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Obsequiousness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob"se*quies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Obsequy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*se"qui*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obsequiosus</i>, fr. <i>obsequium</i> compliance, fr.
<i>obsequi</i>, <i>fr</i>. <i>obsequi</i>: cf. F.
<i>obs&eacute;quieux</i>, See <u>Obsequent</u>, and cf.
<u>Obsequy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Promptly obedient, or
submissive, to the will of another; compliant; yielding to the
desires of another; devoted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His servants weeping,<BR>
<i>Obsequious</i> to his orders, bear him hither.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Servilely or meanly attentive; compliant
to excess; cringing; fawning; as, <i>obsequious</i> flatterer,
parasite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There lies ever in "<i>obsequious</i>" at the present
the sense of an observance which is overdone, of an unmanly readiness
to fall in with the will of another.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [See <u>Obsequy</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
obsequies; funereal.</def> [R.] "To do <i>obsequious</i> sorrow."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Compliant; obedient; servile. See
<u>Yielding</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ob*se"qui*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an obsequious manner; compliantly;
fawningly.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a manner appropriate to
obsequies.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whilst I a while <i>obsequiously</i> lament<BR>
The untimely fall of virtuous Lancaster.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*se"qui*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being obsequious.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"se*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Obsequies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>obsequiae</i>, pl., funeral
rites, fr. <i>obsequi</i>: cf.F. <i>obs&egrave;ques</i>. See
<u>Obsequent</u>, and cf. <u>Obsequious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The last duty or service to a person, rendered after his death;
hence, a rite or ceremony pertaining to burial; -- now used only in
the plural.</def>  <i>Spencer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will . . . fetch him hence, and solemnly attend,<BR>
With silent <i>obsequy</i> and funeral train.</blockquote>
<i>Milton</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will myself<BR>
Be the chief mourner at his <i>obsequies</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The funeral <i>obsequies</i> were decently and
privately performed by his family</blockquote> <i>J. P.
Mahaffy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obsequiousness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*serv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>observabilis</i>: cf.F. <i>observable</i>.] <def>Worthy or capable
of being observed; discernible; noticeable; remarkable.</def>
<i>Sir. T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The difference is sufficiently
<i>observable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ob*serv"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ob*serv"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ob*serv"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>observance</i>, L. <i>observantia</i>. See <u>Observant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of observing or noticing
with attention; a heeding or keeping with care; performance; --
usually with a sense of strictness and fidelity; as, the
<i>observance</i> of the Sabbath is general; the strict
<i>observance</i> of duties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a custom<BR>
More honored in the breach than the <i>observance</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act, ceremony, or rite, as of worship
or respect; especially, a customary act or service of attention; a
form; a practice; a rite; a custom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At dances<BR>
These young folk kept their <i>observances</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Use all the <i>observance</i> of
civility.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some represent to themselves the whole of religion as
consisting in a few easy <i>observances</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O I that wasted time to tend upon her,<BR>
To compass her with sweet <i>observances</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Servile attention; sycophancy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Salads and flesh, such as their haste could get,<BR>
Served with <i>observance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is not atheism,<BR>
But court <i>observance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Observance</u>, <u>Observation</u>. These words
are discriminated by the two distinct senses of <i>observe</i>. To
<i>observe</i> means (1) to keep strictly; as, to <i>observe</i> a
fast day, and hence, <i>observance</i> denotes the keeping or heeding
with strictness; (2) to consider attentively, or to remark; and
hence, <i>observation</i> denotes either the act of <i>observing</i>,
or some remark made as the result thereof. We do not say the
<i>observation</i> of Sunday, though the word was formerly so used.
The Pharisees were curious in external <i>observances</i>; the
astronomers are curious in celestial <i>observations</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Love rigid honesty,<BR>
And strict <i>observance</i> of impartial laws.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*serv"an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Observance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ob*ser`van"dum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Observanda</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A thing to be
observed.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*serv"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>observans</i>, <i>-anits</i>, p. pr. of <i>observare</i>: cf. F.
<i>observant</i>. See <u>Observe</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Taking notice; viewing or noticing
attentively; watchful; attentive; as, an <i>observant</i> spectator;
<i>observant</i> habits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wandering from clime to clime <i>observant</i>
stray'd.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Submissively attentive; obediently
watchful; regardful; mindful; obedient (to); -- with <i>of</i>, as,
to be <i>observant</i> of rules.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are told how <i>observant</i> Alexander was of his
master Aristotle.</blockquote> <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*serv"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who observes forms and rules.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sycophantic servant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Silly ducking <i>observants</i>,<BR>
That stretch their duties nicely.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>An
Observantine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob`ser*van"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fr.
<i>observantin</i>.] <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>One of a branch of the
Order of Franciscans, who profess to adhere more strictly than the
Conventuals to the intention of the founder, especially as to
poverty; -- called also <i>Observants</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*serv"ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
observant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob`ser*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>observatio</i>: cf.F. <i>observation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or the faculty of observing or taking notice; the act of
seeing, or of fixing the mind upon, anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>observation</i>, which very seldom
lies.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The result of an act, or of acts, of
observing; view; reflection; conclusion; judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In matters of human prudence, we shall find the
greatest advantage in making wise <i>observations</i> on our
conduct.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: An expression of an opinion or
judgment upon what one has observed; a remark.</def> "That's a
foolish <i>observation</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>observations</i> which ourselves we make<BR>
We grow more partial for the observer's sake.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Performance of what is prescribed;
adherence in practice; observance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We are to procure dispensation or leave to omit the
<i>observation</i> of it in such circumstances.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Science)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
act of recognizing and noting some fact or occurrence in nature, as
an aurora, a corona, or the structure of an animal.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Specifically, the act of measuring, with
suitable instruments, some magnitude, as the time of an occultation,
with a clock; the right ascension of a star, with a transit
instrument and clock; the sun's altitude, or the distance of the moon
from a star, with a sextant; the temperature, with a thermometer,
etc. </def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The information so
acquired.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When a phenomenon is scrutinized as it occurs in nature,
the act is termed an <i>observation</i>. When the conditions under
which the phenomenon occurs are artificial, or arranged beforehand by
the observer, the process is called an <i>experiment</i>.
<i>Experiment</i> includes <i>observation</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>To take an observation</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to
ascertain the altitude of a heavenly body, with a view to fixing a
vessel's position at sea.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Observance; notice; attention; remark; comment;
note. See <u>Observance</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ob`ser*va"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a
pertaining to observation; consisting of, or containing,
observations.</def>  <i>Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*serv"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Observing;
watchful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"ser*va`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who observes or takes notice.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who makes a remark.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*serv"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Observatories</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>observatoire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place or building for making observations
on the heavenly bodies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The new <i>observatory</i> in Greenwich
Park.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A building fitted with instruments for
making systematic observations of any particular class or series of
natural phenomena.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place, as an elevated chamber, from
which a view may be observed or commanded.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A lookout on a flank of a
battery whence an officer can note the range and effect of the
fire.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*serve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Observed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Observing</u>.] [L. <i>observare</i>, <i>observatum</i>; <i>ob</i>
(see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>servare</i> to save, preserve, keep, heed,
observe: cf.F. <i>observer</i>. See <u>Serve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take notice of by appropriate conduct; to conform one's
action or practice to; to keep; to heed; to obey; to comply with; as,
to <i>observe</i> rules or commands; to <i>observe</i>
civility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall <i>observe</i> the feast of unleavened
bread.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He wolde no such cursedness
<i>observe</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Must I budge? Must I <i>observe</i> you?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With solemn purpose to <i>observe</i><BR>
<i>Immutably his sovereign</i> will.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be on the watch respecting; to pay
attention to; to notice with care; to see; to perceive; to discover;
as, to <i>observe</i> an eclipse; to <i>observe</i> the color or
fashion of a dress; to <i>observe</i> the movements of an
army.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To express as what has been noticed; to
utter as a remark; to say in a casual or incidental way; to
remark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*serve"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take notice; to give attention to what one sees or hears; to
attend.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a remark; to comment; -- generally
with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>I have barely quoted . . . without <i>observing</i>
upon it.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To remark. See <u>Remark</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ob*serv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who observes, or pays attention to, anything; especially,
one engaged in, or trained to habits of, close and exact observation;
as, an astronomical <i>observer</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The observed of all <i>observers</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Careful <i>observers</i> may foretell the hour,<BR>
By sure prognostic, when to dread a shower.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps any law, custom, regulation,
rite, etc.; one who conforms to anything in practice.</def> "Diligent
<i>observers</i> of old customs."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These . . . hearkend unto <i>observers</i> of
times.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xviii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who fulfills or performs; as, an
<i>observer</i> of his promises.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sycophantic follower.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*serv"er*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or work of an observer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*serv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving particular
attention; habitually attentive to what passes; as, an
<i>observing</i> person; an <i>observing</i> mind.</def> --
<wf>Ob*serv"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ob*sess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obsessus</i>, p. p. of <i>obsidere</i> to besiege; <i>ob</i> (see
<u>Ob-</u>) + <i>sedere</i> to sit.] <def>To besiege; to beset.</def>
<i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*ses"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obsessio</i>: cf.F. <i>obsession</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of besieging.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being besieged; -- used
specifically of a person beset by a spirit from without.</def>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether by <i>obsession</i> or possession, I will not
determine.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*sid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Obsidianus
lapis</i>, so named, according to Pliny, after one <i>Obsidius</i>,
who discovered it in Ethiopia: cf.F. <i>obsidiane</i>,
<i>obsidienne</i>. The later editions of Pliny read <i>Obsianus
lapis</i>, and <i>Obsius</i>, instead of <i>Obsidianus lapis</i>, and
<i>Obsidius</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of glass produced by
volcanoes. It is usually of a black color, and opaque, except in thin
splinters.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a thin section it often exhibits a fluidal structure,
marked by the arrangement of microlites in the lines of the flow of
the molten mass.</p>

<p><hw>Ob*sid"i*o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obsidionalis</i>, from <i>obsidio</i> a siege, <i>obsidere</i> to
besiege: cf.F. <i>obsidional</i>. See <u>Obsess</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a siege.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Obsidional crown</b></col> <i>(Rom.Antiq.)</i>, <cd>a
crown bestowed upon a general who raised the siege of a beleaguered
place, or upon one who held out against a siege.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ob*sig`il*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ob</i>
(see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>sigillum</i> a seal.] <def>A sealing up.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Maunder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*sign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Obsignate</u>.] <def>To seal; to confirm, as by a seal or
stamp.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bradford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*sig"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obsignated</i>, p. p. <i>of obsignare</i> to seal. See <u>Ob-</u>,
and <u>Sign</u>.] <def>To seal; to ratify.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`sig*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obsignatio</i>.] <def>The act of sealing or ratifying; the state
of being sealed or confirmed; confirmation, as by the Holy
Spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The spirit of manifestation will but upbraid you in
the shame and horror of a sad eternity, if you have not the spirit of
<i>obsignation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*sig"na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ratifying;
confirming by sealing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Samuel Ward (1643)</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`so*lesce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obsolescere</i>. See <u>Obsolescent</u>.] <def>To become
obsolescent.</def> [R.]  <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`so*les"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Obsolescent</u>.] <def>The state of becoming obsolete.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob`so*les"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obsolescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>obsolescere</i>, to
wear out gradually, to fall into disuse; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) +
<i>solere</i> to use, be wont.] <def>Going out of use;
becoming obsolete; passing into desuetude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"so*lete</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obsoletus</i>, p. p. of <i>obsolescere</i>. See
<u>Obsolescent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>No longer in use; gone
into disuse; disused; neglected; as, an <i>obsolete</i> word; an
<i>obsolete</i> statute; -- applied chiefly to words, writings, or
observances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Not very distinct; obscure;
rudimental; imperfectly developed; abortive.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ancient; antiquated; old-fashioned; antique; old;
disused; neglected. See <u>Ancient</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ob"so*lete</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
obsolete; to go out of use.</def> [R.]  <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"so*lete*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an obsolete
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"so*lete*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being obsolete, or no longer used; a state of
desuetude.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Indistinctness; want of
development.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"so*let*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A disused
word or phrase; an archaism.</def>  <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"sta*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>obstaculum</i>, fr. <i>obstare</i> to withstand, oppose; <i>ob</i>
(see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Stand</u>. and cf.
<u>Oust</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>That which stands in the way,
or opposes; anything that hinders progress; a hindrance; an
obstruction, physical or moral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If all <i>obstacles</i> were cut away.<BR>
And that my path were even to the crown.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impediment; obstuction; hindrance; difficulty. See
<u>Impediment</u>, and <u>Obstruction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ob"stan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obstantia</i>, fr. <i>obstans</i>, p. pr. of <i>obstare</i>. See
<u>Obstacle</u>.] <def>Opposition; impediment; obstruction.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ob*stet"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Ob*stet"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>obstetricius</i>, fr. <i>obstetrix</i>,
<i>-icis</i>, a midwife, fr. <i>obstare</i> to stand before: cf.F.
<i>obst&eacute;trique</i>. See <u>Obstacle</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to midwifery, or the delivery of women in childbed; as,
the <i>obstetric</i> art.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Obstetrical toad</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
European toad of the genus <i>Alytes</i>, especially <i>A.
obstetricans</i>. The eggs are laid in a string which the male winds
around his legs, and carries about until the young are
hatched.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 993 !></p>

<p><hw>Ob*stet"ri*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obstetricatus</i>, p. p. of <i>obstetricare</i>, fr.
<i>obstetrix</i>.] <def>To perform the office of midwife.</def>
[Obs.] "Nature does <i>obstetricate</i>."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*stet"ri*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To assist
as a midwife.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E. Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*stet"ri*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of assisting as a midwife; delivery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`ste*tri"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in obstetrics; an accoucheur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob`ste*tri"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Obstetric</u>.] <def>Serving to assist childbirth; obstetric;
hence, facilitating any bringing forth or deliverance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet is all human teaching but maieutical, or
<i>obstetricious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*stet"rics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>obst&eacute;trique</i>. See <u>Obstetric</u>.] <def>The science of
midwifery; the art of assisting women in parturition, or in the
trouble incident to childbirth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*stet"ri*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Obstetrics.</def> [R.]  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"sti*na*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Obstinate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fixedness in will,
opinion, or resolution that can not be shaken at all, or only with
great difficulty; firm and usually unreasonable adherence to an
opinion, purpose, or system; unyielding disposition; stubborness;
pertinacity; persistency; contumacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You do not well in <i>obstinacy</i><BR>
To cavil in the course of this contract.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To shelter their ignorance, or <i>obstinacy</i>, under
the obscurity of their terms.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being difficult to
remedy, relieve, or subdue; as, the <i>obstinacy</i> of a disease or
evil.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pertinacity; firmness; resoluteness; inflexibility;
persistency; stubbornness; perverseness; contumacy.  --
<u>Obstinacy</u>, <u>Pertinacity</u>. <i>Pertinacity</i> denotes
great firmness in holding to a thing, aim, etc. <i>Obstinacy</i> is
great firmness in holding out against persuasion, attack, etc. The
former consists in adherence, the latter in resistance. An opinion is
advocated with pertinacity or defended with <i>obstinacy</i>.
<i>Pertinacity</i> is often used in a good sense; <i>obstinacy</i>
generally in a bad one. "In this reply was included a very gross
mistake, and if with <i>pertinacity</i> maintained, a capital error."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i> "Every degree of <i>obstinacy</i> in youth is
one step to rebellion." <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"sti*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obstinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>obstinare</i> to set about a thing
with firmness, to persist in; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + a word
from the root of <i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Stand</u>, and cf.
<u>Destine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertinaciously adhering to
an opinion, purpose, or course; persistent; not yielding to reason,
arguments, or other means; stubborn; pertinacious; -- usually
implying unreasonableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have known great cures done by <i>obstinate</i>
resolution of drinking no wine.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No ass so meek, no ass so
<i>obstinate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of sense and outward things.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not yielding; not easily subdued or
removed; as, <i>obstinate</i> fever; <i>obstinate</i>
obstructions.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stubborn; inflexible; immovable; firm;
pertinacious; persistent; headstrong; opinionated; unyielding;
refractory; contumacious. See <u>Stubborn</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ob"sti*nate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ob"sti*nate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ob`sti*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obstinatio</i>.] <def>Obstinacy; stubbornness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`sti*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obstipatio</i> a close pressure; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) +
<i>stipare</i> to press.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of stopping
up, as a passage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Extreme constipation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*strep"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obstreperus</i>, from <i>obstrepere</i> to make a noise at;
<i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>strepere</i> to make a noise.]
<def>Attended by, or making, a loud and tumultuous noise; clamorous;
noisy; vociferous.</def> "The <i>obstreperous</i> city."
<i>Wordsworth.</i> "<i>Obstreperous</i> approbation."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Beating the air with their <i>obstreperous</i>
beaks.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ob*strep"er*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ob*strep"er*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ob*stric"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obstringere</i>, <i>obstrictum</i>, to bind to or about.] <def>The
state of being constrained, bound, or obliged; that which constrains
or obliges; obligation; bond.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*stringe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Obstriction</u>.] <def>To constrain; to put under
obligation.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Gardiner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*struct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Obstructed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obstructing</u>.] [L. <i>obstructus</i>, p. p. of <i>obstruere</i>
to build up before or against, to obstruct; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-
</u>) + <i>struere</i> to pile up. See <u>Structure</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To block up; to stop up or close, as a way
or passage; to place an obstacle in, or fill with obstacles or
impediments that prevent or hinder passing; as, to <i>obstruct</i> a
street; to <i>obstruct</i> the channels of the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is the <i>obstructed</i> paths of sound shall
clear.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be, or come, in the way of; to hinder
from passing; to stop; to impede; to retard; as, the bar in the
harbor <i>obstructs</i> the passage of ships; clouds <i>obstruct</i>
the light of the sun; unwise rules <i>obstruct</i> legislation.</def>
"Th' impatience of <i>obstructed</i> love."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To bar; barricade; stop; arrest; check; interrupt;
clog; choke; impede; retard; embarrass; oppose.</p>

<p><hw>Ob*struct"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
obstructs or hinders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*struc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obstructio</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of obstructing, or state of being
obstructed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which obstructs or impedes; an
obstacle; an impediment; a hindrance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A popular assembly free from
<i>obstruction</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The condition of having the natural powers
obstructed in their usual course; the arrest of the vital functions;
death.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>To die, and go we know not where,<BR>
To lie in cold <i>obstruction</i>, and to rot.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Obstacle</u>; bar; barrier; impediment; clog;
check; hindrance.  -- <u>Obstruction</u>, <u>Obstacle</u>. The
difference between these words is that indicated by their etymology;
an <i>obstacle</i> is something standing in the way; an
<i>obstruction</i> is something put in the way. <i>Obstacle</i>
implies more fixedness and is the stronger word. We remove
<i>obstructions</i>; we surmount <i>obstacles</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Disparity in age seems a greater <i>obstacle</i> to an
intimate friendship than inequality of fortune.</blockquote>
<i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king expected to meet with all the
<i>obstructions</i> and difficulties his enraged enemies could lay in
his way.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*struc"tion*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or the policy of obstructing progress.</def>  <i>Lond. Lit.
World.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*struc"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hinders progress; one who obstructs business, as in a legislative
body.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
obstructionists.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><hw>Ob*struct"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>obstrictif</i>.] <def>Tending to obstruct; presenting obstacles;
hindering; causing impediment.</def> -- <wf>Ob*struct"ive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ob*struct"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An obstructive
person or thing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"stru*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obstruens</i>, p. pr. of <i>obstruere</i>. See <u>Obstruct</u>.]
<def>Causing obstruction; blocking up; hindering; as, an
<i>obstruent</i> medicine.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"stru*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything that
obstructs or closes a passage; esp., that which obstructs natural
passages in the body; as, a medicine which acts as an
<i>obstruent</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*stu`pe*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obstuperfacere</i> to stupefy.] <def>See
<u>Stupefaction</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*stu`pe*fac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Stupefactive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob*stu"pe*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.L.
<i>obstupefacere</i>. See <u>Ob-</u>, and <u>Stupefy</u>.] <def>See
<u>Stupefy</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob*tain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Obtained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obtaining</u>.] [F. <i>obtenir</i>, L. <i>obtinere</i>; <i>ob</i>
(see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>tenere</i> to hold. See <u>Tenable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hold; to keep; to possess.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His mother, then, is mortal, but his Sire<BR>
He who <i>obtains</i> the monarchy of heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To get hold of by effort; to gain
possession of; to procure; to acquire, in any way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some pray for riches; riches they
<i>obtain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By guileful fair words peace may be
<i>obtained</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It may be that I may <i>obtain</i> children by
her.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xvi. 2.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To attain; gain; procure; acquire; win; earn.  See
<u>Attain</u>. -- To <u>Obtain</u>, <u>Get</u>, <u>Gain</u>,
<u>Earn</u>, <u>Acquire</u>. The idea of <i>getting</i> is common to
all these terms. We may, indeed, with only a slight change of sense,
substitute <i>get</i> for either of them; as, to <i>get</i> or to
<i>gain</i> a prize; to <i>get</i> or to <i>obtain</i> an employment;
to <i>get</i> or to <i>earn</i> a living; to <i>get</i> or to
<i>acquire</i> a language. To <i>gain</i> is to get by striving; and
as this is often a part of our good fortune, the word <i>gain</i> is
peculiarly applicable to whatever comes to us fortuitously. Thus, we
<i>gain</i> a victory, we <i>gain</i> a cause, we <i>gain</i> an
advantage, etc. To <i>earn</i> is to deserve by labor or service; as,
to <i>earn</i> good wages; to <i>earn</i> a triumph. Unfortunately,
one does not always <i>get</i> or <i>obtain</i> what he has
<i>earned</i>. To <i>obtain</i> implies desire for possession, and
some effort directed to the attainment of that which is not
immediately within our reach. Whatever we thus <i>seek</i> and
<i>get</i>, we <i>obtain</i>, whether by our own exertions or those
of others; whether by good or bad means; whether permanently, or only
for a time. Thus, a man <i>obtains</i> an employment; he
<i>obtains</i> an answer to a letter, etc. To <i>acquire</i> is more
limited and specific. We <i>acquire</i> what comes to us gradually in
the regular exercise of our abilities, while we <i>obtain</i> what
comes in any way, provided we desire it. Thus, we <i>acquire</i>
knowledge, property, honor, reputation, etc. What we <i>acquire</i>
becomes, to a great extent, permanently our own; as, to
<i>acquire</i> a language; to <i>acquire</i> habits of industry,
etc.</p>

<p><hw>Ob*tain"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become held; to gain or have a firm footing; to be recognized
or established; to subsist; to become prevalent or general; to
prevail; as, the custom <i>obtains</i> of going to the seashore in
summer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sobriety hath by use <i>obtained</i> to signify
temperance in drinking.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Theodosian code, several hundred years after
Justinian's time, did <i>obtain</i> in the western parts of
Europe.</blockquote> <i>Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prevail; to succeed.</def> [R.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So run that ye may <i>obtain</i>.</blockquote> <i>1
Cor. ix. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is due from the judge to the advocate, some
commendation, where causes are fair pleaded; especially towards the
side which <i>obtaineth</i> not.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
obtains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tain"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of obtaining; attainment.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tect"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>obtectus</i>,
p. p. of <i>obtegere</i> to cover over.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered; protected.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Covered with a hard
chitinous case, as the pupa of certain files.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tem"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Obtemperate</u>.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>To obey (a judgment or
decree).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tem"per*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obtemperare</i>, <i>obtemperatum</i> to obey.] <def>To obey.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Obtended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obtending</u>.] [L. <i>obtendere</i>, <i>obtentum</i>, to stretch
or place before or against; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) +
<i>tendere</i> to stretch.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To oppose; to
hold out in opposition.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To offer as the reason of anything; to
pretend.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*ten`e*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obtenebrate</i> to make dark.] <def>The act of darkening; the
state of being darkened; darkness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In every megrim or vertigo, there is an
<i>obtenebration</i> joined with a semblance of turning
round.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*ten"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obtentio</i>. See <u>Obtend</u>.] <def>The act of obtending.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*test"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Obtested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obtesting</u>.] [L. <i>obtestari</i>; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) +
<i>testari</i> to witness, fr. <i>testis</i> a witness.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To call to witness; to invoke as a
witness.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beseech; to supplicate; to beg
for.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob*test"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To protest.</def>
[R.]  <i>E. Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`tes*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obtestatio</i>.] <def>The act of obtesting; supplication;
protestation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Antonio asserted this with great
<i>obtestation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`trec*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obtrectatio</i>, from <i>obtrectare</i> to detract from through
envy. See <u>Detract</u>.] <def>Slander; detraction; calumny.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*trude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Obtruded</u>, <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obtruding</u>.] [L. <i>obtrudere</i>, <i>obtrusum</i>; <i>ob</i>
(see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>trudere</i> to thrust. See <u>Threat</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To thrust impertinently; to present without
warrant or solicitation; as, to <i>obtrude</i> one's self upon a
company.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The objects of our senses <i>obtrude</i> their
particular ideas upon our minds, whether we will or no.</blockquote>
<i>Lock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To offer with unreasonable importunity; to
urge unduly or against the will.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*trude"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To thrust one's
self upon a company or upon attention; to intrude.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Obtrude</u>, <u>Intrude</u>.  To
<i>intrude</i> is to thrust one's self into a place, society, etc.,
without right, or uninvited; to <i>obtrude</i> is to force one's
self, remarks, opinions, etc., into society or upon persons with whom
one has no such intimacy as to justify such boldness.</p>

<p><hw>Ob*trud"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
obtrudes.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*trun"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obtruncatus</i>, p. p. of <i>obtruncare</i>.] <def>To deprive of a
limb; to lop.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ob`trun*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obtruncatio</i>.] <def>The act of lopping or cutting off.</def>
[R.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tru"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obtrusio</i>. See <u>Obtrude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of obtruding; a thrusting upon others by force or unsolicited; as,
the <i>obtrusion</i> of crude opinions on the world.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is obtruded.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tru"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices or excuses obtrusion.</def> [R.]  <i>Gent. Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tru"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to
obtrude; inclined to intrude or thrust one's self or one's opinions
upon others, or to enter uninvited; forward; pushing;
intrusive.</def> -- <wf>Ob*tru"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
- <wf>Ob*tru"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Not obvious, not <i>obtrusive</i>, but
retired.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tund"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Obtunded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obtunding</u>.] [L. <i>obtundere</i>, <i>obtusum</i>; <i>ob</i>
(see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>tundere</i> to strike or beat.  See
<u>Stutter</u>.] <def>To reduce the edge, pungency, or violent action
of; to dull; to blunt; to deaden; to quell; as, to <i>obtund</i> the
acrimony of the gall.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . have filled all our law books with the
<i>obtunding</i> story of their suits and trials.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tund"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obtundens</i>, p. pr. of <i>obtundere</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
substance which sheathes a part, or blunts irritation, usually some
bland, oily, or mucilaginous matter; -- nearly the same as
<i>demulcent</i>.</def>  <i>Forsyth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tund"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>That which obtunds or blunts; especially, that which blunts
sensibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob`tu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obturare</i> to stop up: cf.F. <i>obturation</i>.] <def>The act of
stopping up, or closing, an opening.</def> "Deaf by an outward
<i>obturation</i>."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"tu*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>obturare</i> to stop up: cf.F. <i>obturateur</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which closes or stops an
opening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An apparatus designed to
close an unnatural opening, as a fissure of the palate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"tu*ra`tor</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Serving as an obturator; closing an opening; pertaining to, or
in the region of, the obturator foramen; as, the <i>obturator</i>
nerve.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Obturator foramen</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>an opening
situated between the public and ischial parts of the innominate bone
and closed by the <i>obturator membrane</i>; the thyroid
foramen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tus"an`gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Obstuseangular</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tuse"</hw> (?). <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Obtuser</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Obtusest</u>.] [L. <i>obtusus</i>, p. p.
of <i>obtundere</i> to blunt: cf. F. <i>obtus</i>. See
<u>Obtund</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not pointed or acute; blunt;
-- applied esp. to angles greater than a right angle, or containing
more than ninety degrees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not having acute sensibility or
perceptions; dull; stupid; as, <i>obtuse</i> senses.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dull; deadened; as, <i>obtuse</i>
sound.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ob*tuse"-an`gled</hw> (?), <hw>ob*tuse"-an`gu*lar</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an obtuse angle; as, an <i>obtuse-
angled</i> triangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tuse"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an obtuse
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tuse"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or quality
of being obtuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tu"sion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obtusio</i>, from <i>obtundere</i> to blunt. See <u>Obtund</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of making obtuse or
blunt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being dulled or blunted; as,
the <i>obtusion</i> of the senses.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tu"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Obtuseness.</def> <i>Lond. Quart. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*um"brant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obumbrans</i>, p. pr.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Overhanging; as,
<i>obumbrant</i> feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*um"brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obumbratus</i>, p. p. of <i>obumbrare</i> to overshadow, cloud;
<i>ob + umbrare</i> to shade.] <def>To shade; to darken; to
cloud.</def> [R.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`um*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obumbratio</i>.] <def>Act of darkening or obscuring.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*un"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>obuncus</i>;
<i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>uncus</i> hooked.] <def>Hooked or
crooked in an extreme degree.</def>  <i>Maunder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*ven"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obvention</i>, fr. <i>obvenire</i> to come before or in the way
of, to befall; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>venire</i> to come:
cf.F. <i>obvention</i>.] <def>The act of happening incidentally; that
which happens casually; an incidental advantage; an occasional
offering.</def> [Obs.] "Tithes and other <i>obventions</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Legacies bequeathed by the deaths of princes and great
persons, and other casualities and <i>obventions</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*vers"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>obversans</i>, p. pr. of <i>obversari</i> to hover before;
<i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>versare</i> to move about.]
<def>Conversant; familiar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*verse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>obversus</i>,
p. p. of <i>obvertere</i>. See <u>Obvert</u>.] <def>Having the base,
or end next the attachment, narrower than the top, as a
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"verse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F. <i>obverse</i>,
<i>obvers</i>. See <u>Obverse</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The face of a coin which has the principal
image or inscription upon it; -- the other side being the
<i>reverse</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything necessarily involved in, or
answering to, another; the more apparent or conspicuous of two
possible sides, or of two corresponding things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fact that it [a belief] invariably exists being
the <i>obverse</i> of the fact that there is no alternative
belief.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 994 !></p>

<p><hw>Ob*verse"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
obverse manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>obversio</i>
a turning towards.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of turning toward
or downward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The act of immediate
inference, by which we deny the opposite of anything which has been
affirmed; as, all men are mortal; then, by <i>obversion</i>, no men
are immortal. This is also described as "immediate inference by
privative conception."</def>  <i>Bain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Obverted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obverting</u>.] [L. <i>obvertere</i>; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) +
<i>vertere</i> to turn. See <u>Verse</u>.] <def>To turn
toward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If its base be <i>obverted</i> towards
us.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob"vi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Obviated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Obviating</u>.] [L. <i>obviare</i>; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) +
<i>viare</i> to go, fr. <i>via</i> way. See <u>Voyage</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To meet in the way.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not to stir a step to <i>obviate</i> any of a
different religion.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To anticipate; to prevent by interception;
to remove from the way or path; to make unnecessary; as, to
<i>obviate</i> the necessity of going.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To lay down everything in its full light, so as to
<i>obviate</i> all exceptions.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ob`vi*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
obviating, or the state of being obviated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"vi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>obvius</i>;
<i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>via</i> way. See <u>Voyage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Opposing; fronting.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To the evil turn<BR>
My <i>obvious</i> breast.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exposed; subject; open; liable.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Obvious</i> to dispute."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Easily discovered, seen, or understood;
readily perceived by the eye or the intellect; plain; evident;
apparent; as, an <i>obvious</i> meaning; an <i>obvious</i>
remark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Apart and easy to be known they lie,<BR>
Amidst the heap, and <i>obvious</i> to the eye.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Plain; clear; evident. See <u>Manifest</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ob"vi*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ob"vi*ous-
ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ob"vo*lute</hw> (?), <hw>Ob`vo*lu"ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>obvolutus</i>, p. p. of <i>obvolvere</i>
to wrap round; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>volvere</i> to roll.]
<def>Overlapping; contorted; convolute; -- applied primarily, in
botany, to two opposite leaves, each of which has one edge
overlapping the nearest edge of the other, and secondarily to a
circle of several leaves or petals which thus overlap.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Obi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A Peruvian name for certain species of Oxalis (<i>O.
crenata</i>, and <i>O. tuberosa</i>) which bear edible
tubers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"ca*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>alchemy</i>.] <def>An alloy imitating gold or silver.</def>
[Written also <i>ochimy</i>, <i>ochymy</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Oc*ca"sion</hw> (&obreve;k*k&amacr;"zh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>occasion</i>, L. <i>occasio</i>, fr.
<i>occidere</i>, <i>occasum</i>, to fall down; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-
</u>) + <i>cadere</i> to fall. See <u>Chance</u>, and cf.
<u>Occident</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A falling out, happening,
or coming to pass; hence, that which falls out or happens;
occurrence; incident.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unlooked-for incidents of family history, and its
hidden excitements, and its arduous <i>occasions</i>.</blockquote>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A favorable opportunity; a convenient or
timely chance; convenience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sin, taking <i>occasion</i> by the commandment,
deceived me.</blockquote> <i>Rom. vii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll take the <i>occasion</i> which he gives to
bring<BR>
Him to his death.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An occurrence or condition of affairs
which brings with it some unlooked-for event; that which incidentally
brings to pass an event, without being its efficient cause or
sufficient reason; accidental or incidental cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her beauty was the <i>occasion</i> of the
war.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Need; exigency; requirement; necessity;
as, I have no <i>occasion</i> for firearms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After we have served ourselves and our own
<i>occasions</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When my <i>occasions</i> took me into
France.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A reason or excuse; a motive; a
persuasion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose manner was, all passengers to stay,<BR>
And entertain with her <i>occasions</i> sly.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On occasion</b></col>, <cd>in case of need; in necessity;
as convenience requires; occasionally.</cd> "That we might have
intelligence from him <i>on occasion</i>,"  <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Need; incident; use. See <u>Opportunity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Oc*ca"sion</hw> (&obreve;k*k&amacr;"zh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Occasioned</u> (-
zh&ubreve;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Occasioning</u>.]
[Cf.F. <i>occasionner</i>.] <def>To give occasion to; to cause; to
produce; to induce; as, to <i>occasion</i> anxiety.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If we inquire what it is that <i>occasions</i> men to
make several combinations of simple ideas into distinct
modes.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*ca"sion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being occasioned or caused.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*ca"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>occasionnel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an
occasion or to occasions; occuring at times, but not constant,
regular, or systematic; made or happening as opportunity requires or
admits; casual; incidental; as, <i>occasional</i> remarks, or
efforts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . <i>occasional</i> writing of the present
times.</blockquote> <i>Bagehot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Produced by accident; as, the
<i>occasional</i> origin of a thing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Occasional cause</b></col> (Metaph.), <cd>some
circumstance preceding an effect which, without being the real cause,
becomes the occasion of the action of the efficient cause; thus, the
act of touching gunpowder with fire is the <i>occasional</i>, but not
the efficient, cause of an explosion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oc*ca"sion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The system of occasional causes; -- a name
given to certain theories of the Cartesian school of philosophers, as
to the intervention of the First Cause, by which they account for the
apparent reciprocal action of the soul and the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*ca`sion*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality
or state of being occasional; occasional occurrence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Oc*ca"sion*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
occasional manner; on occasion; at times, as convenience requires or
opportunity offers; not regularly.</def>  <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The one, Wolsey, directly his subject by birth; the
other, his subject <i>occasionally</i> by his
preferment.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*ca"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
occasion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The lowest may <i>occasionate</i> much
ill.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*ca"sion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, occasions, causes, or produces.</def>  <i>Bp.
Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*ca"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>occasivus</i>, fr. <i>occasus</i> a going down, setting of the
heavenly bodies, fr. <i>occidere</i> to fall or down. See
<u>Occasion</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the setting sun; falling;
descending; western.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*ce*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>occaecatio</i>, fr. <i>occaecare</i> to make blind; <i>ob +
caecare</i> to blind, fr. <i>caecus</i> blind.] <def>The act of
making blind, or the state of being blind.</def> [R.] "This inward
<i>occecation</i>."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc"ci*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>occidens</i>, <i>occidentis</i>, fr. <i>occidents</i>, p. pr. of
<i>occidere</i> to fall or go down. See <u>Occasion</u>.] <def>The
part of the horizon where the sun last appears in the evening; that
part of the earth towards the sunset; the west; -- opposed to
<i>orient</i>. Specifically, in former times, Europe as opposed to
Asia; now, also, the Western hemisphere.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I may wander from east to
<i>occident</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc`ci*den"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>occidentalis</i>; cf. F. <i>occidental</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or situated in, the occident, or west;
western; -- opposed to <i>oriental</i>; as, <i>occidental</i>
climates, or customs; an <i>occidental</i> planet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessing inferior hardness, brilliancy,
or beauty; -- used of inferior precious stones and gems, because
those found in the Orient are generally superior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`ci*den"tals</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Western Christians of the Latin rite.  See
<u>Orientals</u>.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cid"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>occiduus</i>, fr. <i>occidere</i> to go down.] <def>Western;
occidental.</def> [R.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>occipital</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
occiput, or back part of the head, or to the occipital
bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Occipital bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the bone
which forms the posterior segment of the skull and surrounds the
great foramen by which the spinal cord leaves the cranium. In the
higher vertebrates it is usually composed of four bones, which become
consolidated in the adult.</cd> -- <col><b>Occipital point</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the point of the occiput in the mesial plane
farthest from the ophryon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cip"i*tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The occipital bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cip"i*to-</hw> (&?;). [See <u>Occiput</u>.] <def>A
combining form denoting <i>relation to</i>, or <i>situation near</i>,
<i>the occiput</i>; as, <i>occipito</i>-axial; <i>occipito</i>-
mastoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cip`i*to*ax"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the occipital bone and second
vertebra, or axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"ci*put</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Occipita</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Occiputs</b></plw>. [L.,
fr. <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>caput</i> head. See
<u>Chief</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The back, or
posterior, part of the head or skull; the region of the occipital
bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A plate which forms
the back part of the head of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*ci"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>occisio</i>,
fr. <i>occidere</i>, <i>occisium</i>, to cut down, to kill; <i>ob</i>
(see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>caedere</i> to cut.] <def>A killing; the act of
killing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*clude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>occludere</i>, <i>occlusum</i>; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) +
<i>claudere</i> to shut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shut up; to
close.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To take in and retain; to
absorb; -- said especially with respect to gases; as iron, platinum,
and palladium <i>occlude</i> large volumes of hydrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*clud"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>occludens</i>, p. pr. of <i>occludere</i>.] <def>Serving to close;
shutting up.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which closes or
shuts up.</def>  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cluse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. occlusus, p. p.
See <u>Occlude</u>.] <def>Shut; closed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*clu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Occlude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of occluding, or the
state of being occluded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Constriction and <i>occlusion</i> of the
orifice.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The transient approximation
of the edges of a natural opening; imperforation.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Occlusion of gases</b></col> <i>(Chem. &amp; Physics)</i>,
<cd>the phenomenon of absorbing gases, as exhibited by platinum,
palladium, iron, or charcoal; thus, palladium absorbs, or
<i>occludes</i>, nearly a thousand times its own volume of hydrogen,
and in this case a chemical compound seems to be formed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oc*crus"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Ob-
</u>, and <u>Crustated</u>.] <def>To incrust; to harden.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cult"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>occultus</i>,
p. p. of <i>occulere</i> to cover up, hide; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-
</u>) + a root prob.akin to E. <i>hell</i>: cf. F. <i>occulte</i>.]
<def>Hidden from the eye or the understanding; inviable; secret;
concealed; unknown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is of an <i>occult</i> kind, and is so insensible
in its advances as to escape observation.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Occult line</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a line drawn as
a part of the construction of a figure or problem, but not to appear
in the finished plan.</cd> -- <col><b>Occult qualities</b></col>,
<cd>those qualities whose effects only were observed, but the nature
and relations of whose productive agencies were undetermined; -- so
called by the schoolmen.</cd> -- <col><b>Occult sciences</b></col>,
<cd>those sciences of the Middle Ages which related to the supposed
action or influence of occult qualities, or supernatural powers, as
alchemy, magic, necromancy, and astrology.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cult"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To eclipse; to
hide from sight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`cul*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>occultatio</i> a hiding, fr. <i>occultare</i>, v. intens. of
<i>occulere</i>: cf.F. <i>occultation</i>. See <u>Occult</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The hiding of a heavenly
body from sight by the intervention of some other of the heavenly
bodies; -- applied especially to eclipses of stars and planets by the
moon, and to the eclipses of satellites of planets by their
primaries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The state of being occult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reappearance of such an author after those long
periods of <i>occultation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Circle of perpetual occultation</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Circle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cult"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hidden; secret.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Concealed by the
intervention of some other heavenly body, as a star by the
moon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cult"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Occultation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cult"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A certain
Oriental system of theosophy.</def>  <i>A. P. Sinnett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cult"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent of
occultism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cult"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an occult
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cult"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or quality
of being occult.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"cu*pan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Occupant</u>.] <def>The act of taking or holding possession;
possession; occupation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Title by occupancy</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a right of
property acquired by taking the first possession of a thing, or
possession of a thing which belonged to nobody, and appropriating
it.</cd>  <i>Blackstone. Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc"cu*pant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>occupans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>occupare</i>: cf. F. <i>occupant</i>. See
<u>Occupy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who occupies, or takes
possession; one who has the actual use or possession, or is in
possession, of a thing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word, in law, sometimes signifies one who takes the
first possession of a thing that has no owner.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A prostitute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc"cu*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>occupatus</i>, p. p. of <i>occupare</i>. See <u>Occupy</u>.]
<def>To occupy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc`cu*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>occupatio</i>: cf.F. <i>occupation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of occupying or taking possession; actual
possession and control; the state of being occupied; a holding or
keeping; tenure; use; as, the <i>occupation</i> of lands by a
tenant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which occupies or engages the time
and attention; the principal business of one's life; vocation;
employment; calling; trade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Absence of <i>occupation</i> is not rest.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Occupation bridge</b></col> <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>a bridge
connecting the parts of an estate separated by a railroad, a canal,
or an ordinary road.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Occupancy; possession; tenure; use; employment;
avocation; engagement; vocation; calling; office; trade;
profession.</p>

<p><hw>Oc"cu*pi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who occupies, or has possession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who follows an employment; hence, a
tradesman.</def> [Obs.] "Merchants and <i>occupiers</i>."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>occupiers</i> of thy merchandise.</blockquote>
<i>Ezek. xxvii. 27.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc"cu*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Occupied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Occupying</u> (?).] [OE. <i>occupien</i>, F. <i>occuper</i>, fr.L.
<i>occupare</i>; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + a word akin to
<i>capere</i> to take. See <u>Capacious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take or hold possession of; to hold or keep for use; to
possess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Woe <i>occupieth</i> the fine [/end] of our
gladness.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The better apartments were already
<i>occupied</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold, or fill, the dimensions of; to
take up the room or space of; to cover or fill; as, the camp
<i>occupies</i> five acres of ground.</def>  <i>Sir J.
Herschel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To possess or use the time or capacity of;
to engage the service of; to employ; to busy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An archbishop may have cause to <i>occupy</i> more
chaplains than six.</blockquote> <i>Eng. Statute (Hen. VIII.
)</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>occupied</i> themselves about the
Sabbath.</blockquote> <i>2 Macc. viii. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To do business in; to busy one's self
with.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All the ships of the sea, with their mariners, were in
thee to <i>occupy</i> the merchandise.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxvii.
9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not able to <i>occupy</i> their old
crafts.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To use; to expend; to make use of.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All the gold that was <i>occupied</i> for the
work.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxviii. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>occupy</i> not money themselves.</blockquote>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To have sexual intercourse with.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc"cu*py</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To hold possession; to be an occupant.</def> "<i>Occupy</i> till
I come."  <i>Luke xix. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To follow business; to traffic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Occurred</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Occurring</u> (?).] [L. <i>occurrere</i>, <i>occursum</i>;
<i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>currere</i> to run. See
<u>Course</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To meet; to clash.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The resistance of the bodies they <i>occur</i>
with.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go in order to meet; to make
reply.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I must <i>occur</i> to one specious
objection.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To meet one's eye; to be found or met
with; to present itself; to offer; to appear; to happen; to take
place; as, I will write if opportunity <i>occurs</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In Scripture, though the word heir <i>occur</i>, yet
there is no such thing as "heir" in our author's sense.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To meet or come to the mind; to suggest
itself; to be presented to the imagination or memory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There doth not <i>occur</i> to me any use of this
experiment for profit.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cur"rence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>occurrence</i>. See <u>Occur</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
coming or happening; as, the <i>occurence</i> of a railway
collision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Voyages detain the mind by the perpetual
<i>occurrence</i> and expectation of something new.</blockquote>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any incident or event; esp., one which
happens without being designed or expected; as, an unusual
<i>occurrence</i>, or the ordinary <i>occurrences</i> of
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>occurrence</i> of my fortune.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Event</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Oc*cur"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>occurrens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>occurrere</i>: cf.F.
<i>occurrent</i>. See <u>Occur</u>.] <def>Occurring or happening;
hence, incidental; accidental.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cur"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who meets; hence, an adversary.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that happens; an
occurrence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These we must meet with in obvious <i>occurrents</i>
of the world.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*curse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>occursus</i>.]
<def>Same as <u>Occursion</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*cur"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>occursio</i>. See <u>Occur</u>.] <def>A meeting; a clash; a
collision.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><! p. 995 !></p>

<p><hw>O"cean</hw> (&omacr;"sh<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>oc&eacute;an</i>, L. <i>oceanus</i>, Gr. <grk>'wkeano`s</grk>
ocean, in Homer, the great river supposed to encompass the earth.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The whole body of salt water which covers
more than three fifths of the surface of the globe; -- called also
the <i>sea</i>, or <i>great sea</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the odor of brine from the <i>ocean</i><BR>
<i>Comes the thought of other years</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the large bodies of water into
which the great ocean is regarded as divided, as the Atlantic,
Pacific, Indian, Arctic and Antarctic <i>oceans</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An immense expanse; any vast space or
quantity without apparent limits; as, the boundless <i>ocean</i> of
eternity; an <i>ocean</i> of affairs.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"cean</hw> (&omacr;"sh<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to the main or great sea; as, the <i>ocean</i>
waves; an <i>ocean</i> stream.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ce*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>oc&eacute;anique</i>. See <u>Ocean</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the ocean; found or formed in or about, or
produced by, the ocean; frequenting the ocean, especially mid-
ocean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Petrels are the most a&euml;rial and <i>oceanic</i> of
birds.</blockquote> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Oceania or its
inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`cean*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ocean</i>
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of the ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`cean*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ocean</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of science which relates to the
ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*ce"a*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Gr.Myth.)</i> <def>The god of the great outer sea, or the
river which was believed to flow around the whole earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*cel"la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to ocelli.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*cel"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ocellated</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*cel"la*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ocellatus</i>, fr. <i>ocellus</i> a little eye, dim. of
<i>oculus</i> an eye.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling an
eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Marked with eyelike spots of color; as,
the <i>ocellated</i> blenny.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ocellated turkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
wild turkey of Central America (<i>Meleagris ocellata</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>||O*cel"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ocelli</b></plw> (#). [L., dim. of <i>oculus</i> an eye.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A little eye; a minute
simple eye found in many invertebrates.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An eyelike spot of color, as those on the tail of the
peacock.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ce*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ocelot</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling the ocelot.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ce*lot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mexican
<i>ocelotl</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American feline
carnivore (<i>Felis pardalis</i>). It ranges from the Southwestern
United States to Patagonia. It is covered with blackish ocellated
spots and blotches, which are variously arranged.  The ground color
varies from reddish gray to tawny yellow.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O"cher</hw>, <hw>O"chre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>ocre</i>, L. <i>ochra</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, from (&?;) pale, pale
yellow.] <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A impure earthy ore
of iron or a ferruginous clay, usually red (hematite) or yellow
(limonite), -- used as a pigment in making paints, etc. The name is
also applied to clays of other colors.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A metallic oxide occurring in earthy form; as, tungstic
<i>ocher</i> or tungstite.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O"cher*ous</hw>, <hw>O"chre*ous</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ocreux</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
ocher; containing or resembling ocher; as, <i>ocherous</i> matter;
<i>ocherous</i> soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"cher*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ocherous.</def>
[Written also <i>ochrey</i>, <i>ochry</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Och`i*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Occamy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Och*le"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
disturbance, fr. &?; crowd, mob.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A general morbid
condition induced by the crowding together of many persons, esp. sick
persons, under one roof.</def>  <i>G. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Och*loc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; the
populace, multitude + &?; to be strong, to rule, &?; strength: cf.F.
<i>ochlocratie</i>.] <def>A form of government by the multitude; a
mobocracy.</def>  <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Och`lo*crat`ic</hw> (?), <hw>Och`lo*crat`ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to ochlocracy; having the
form or character of an ochlocracy; mobocratic.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Och`lo*crat"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O*chra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ocherous.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"chre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Ocher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O"chre*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ochre&aelig;e</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A greave or legging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of sheath formed by
two stipules united round a stem.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O"chre*ate</hw> (?), <hw>O"chre*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wearing or furnished
with an ochrea or legging; wearing boots; booted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A scholar undertook . . . to address himself
<i>ochreated</i> unto the vice chancellor.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Provided with ochrea, or
sheathformed stipules, as the rhubarb, yellow dock, and
knotgrass.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"chre*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ocherous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"chrey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ochery</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Och`ro*leu"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; ocher
+ &?; white.] <def>Yellowish white; having a faint tint of dingy
yellow.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"chry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ochery</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Och"y*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Occamy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ock</hw> (?). [AS. <i>-uc</i>.] <def>A suffix used to form
<i>diminutives</i>; as, bull<i>ock</i>, hill<i>ock</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"cra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Okra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O"cre*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Ochrea</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O"cre*ate</hw> (?), <hw>O"cre*a"ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ochrea</u>.] <def>Same as
<u>Ochreate</u>, <u>Ochreated</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"ta-</hw> (?). <def>A prefix meaning <i>eight</i>. See
<u>Octo-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"ta*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; with eight
strings; &?; (for &?; eight) + &?; string, chord: cf.F.
<i>octacorde</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument of eight strings;
a system of eight tones.</def> [Also written <i>octochord</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Oc"tad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, the
number eight.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An atom or radical which has a
valence of eight, or is octavalent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`ta*e"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Octahedral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Oc`ta*em"e*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, neut. of &?; of the eighth day.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A fast of
eight days before a great festival.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc"ta*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; eight-
cornered; &?; (for &?; eight) + &?; an angle: cf.F. <i>cctogone</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane figure of eight sides
and eight angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any structure (as a fortification) or
place with eight sides or angles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Regular octagon</b></col>, <cd>one in which the sides are
all equal, and the angles also are all equal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oc*tag"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having eight
sides and eight angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*tag"y*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Octa-</i> +
Gr. &?; wife.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having eight pistils or styles;
octogynous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`ta*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Octahedron</u>.] <def>Having eight faces or sides; of, pertaining
to, or formed in, octahedrons; as, <i>octahedral</i>
cleavage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Octahedral borax</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>borax
obtained from a saturated solution in octahedral crystals, which
contain five molecules of water of crystallization; distinguished
from common or <i>prismatic borax</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Octahedral
iron ore</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>magnetite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oc`ta*he"drite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Titanium dioxide occurring in acute octahedral
crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`ta*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?;, fr. &?;
eight-side; &?; (for &?; eight) + &?; seat, base, from &?; to sit.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid bounded by eight faces. The regular
octahedron is contained by eight equal equilateral
triangles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*tam"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Octa-</i> +
Gr. &?; part.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the parts in eights; as, an
<i>octamerous</i> flower; <i>octamerous</i> mesenteries in
polyps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*tam"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.L.
<i>octameter</i> in eight feet. See <u>Octa-</u>, and <u>meter</u>.]
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A verse containing eight feet; as, --<BR>
<BR>
<blockquote>Deep\'b6 in|to\'b6 the | dark\'b6ness | peer\'b6ing, |
long\'b6 I | stood\'b6 there | wond'\'b6ring, |
fear\'b6ing.</blockquote></def> <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*tan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Octandria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Oc*tan"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; (for &?; eight) + &?;, &?;, male, man.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Linn&aelig;an class of plants, in which the flowers have eight
stamens not united to one another or to the pistil.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Oc*tan"dri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Oc*tan"drous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Octandria; having eight distinct stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"tane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Octa-</u>] .
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a group of metametric hydrocarcons
(C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>18</sub>) of the methane series. The most
important is a colorless, volatile, inflammable liquid, found in
petroleum, and a constituent of benzene or ligroin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*tan"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>octangulus</i> eight-cornered; <i>octo</i> eight + <i>angulus</i>
angle.] <def>Having eight angles; eight-angled.</def> --
<wf>Oc*tan"gu*lar*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Oc"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>octans</i>, <i>-
antis</i>. fr. <i>octo</i> eight. See <u>Octave</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The eighth part of a circle;
an arc of 45 degrees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron. &amp; Astrol.)</i> <def>The position or
aspect of a heavenly body, as the moon or a planet, when half way
between conjunction, or opposition, and quadrature, or distant from
another body 45 degrees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for measuring angles
(generally called a <i>quadrant</i>), having an arc which measures up
to 9O&deg;, but being itself the eighth part of a circle.  Cf.
<u>Sextant</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math. &amp; Crystallog.)</i> <def>One of the
eight parts into which a space is divided by three co&ouml;rdinate
planes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Oc"ta*pla</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; etymol.
<pos><i>pl.</i></pos>, but syntactically <pos><i>sing.</i></pos>
[NL., fr.Gr. &?; (for &?; eight) + <i>-pla</i>, as in E.
<i>hexapla</i>; cf.Gr. &?; eightfold.] <def>A portion of the Old
Testament prepared by Origen in the 3d century, containing the Hebrew
text and seven Greek versions of it, arranged in eight parallel
columns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`ta*roon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Octoroon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"ta*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Octostyle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"ta*teuch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>octateuchus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>A collection of eight books;
especially, the first eight books of the Old Testament.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Oc*tav"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Octa-</i> +
L. <i>valens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Valence</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Having a valence of eight; capable of being combined with,
exchanged for, or compared with, eight atoms of hydrogen; -- said of
certain atoms or radicals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"tave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>octava</i> an eighth, fr. <i>octavus</i> eighth, fr. <i>octo</i>
eight. See <u>Eight</u>, and cf. <u>Octavo</u>, <u>Utas</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The eighth day after a church festival, the
festival day being included; also, the week following a church
festival.</def> "The <i>octaves</i> of Easter."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
eighth tone in the scale; the interval between one and eight of the
scale, or any interval of equal length; an interval of five tones and
two semitones. </def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The whole diatonic
scale itself.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ratio of a musical tone to its <i>octave</i> above is
1:2 as regards the number of vibrations producing the tones.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Poet.)</i> <def>The first two stanzas of a
sonnet, consisting of four verses each; a stanza of eight
lines.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With mournful melody it continued this
<i>octave</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Double octave</b></col>. <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Double</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Octave flute</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>a small flute, the tones of which range an octave higher than
those of the German or ordinary flute; -- called also <i>piccolo</i>.
See <u>Piccolo</u>.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small cask of wine, the eighth part of a
pipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"tave</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
eight; eight.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc*ta"vo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Octavos</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>in octavo</i>; <i>in</i> in +
<i>octavo</i>, abl. of <i>octavus</i>. See <u>Octave</u>.] <def>A
book composed of sheets each of which is folded into eight leaves;
hence, indicating more or less definitely a size of book so made; --
usually written 8vo or 8&deg;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*ta"vo</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having eight leaves
to a sheet; as, an <i>octavo</i> form, book, leaf, size,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"tene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Octo-</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Octylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*ten"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>octennium</i> a period of eight years; <i>octo</i> eight +
<i>annus</i> year.] <def>Happening every eighth year; also, lasting a
period of eight years.</def> <i>Johnson.</i> --
<wf>Oc*ten"ni*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Oc*tet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>octo</i>
eight, like E. <i>duet</i>, fr.L. <i>duo</i>. See <u>Octave</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A composition for eight parts, usually for eight
solo instruments or voices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-</i> + <i>-
ic</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of the eighth degree or order.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A quantic of the eighth
degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>octil</i>,
a. See <u>Octant</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Octant</u>, 2.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Oc*til"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>octo</i>
eight + <i>-illion</i>, as in E. <i>million</i>: cf. F.
<i>octillion</i>.] <def>According to the French method of numeration
(which method is followed also in the United States) the number
expressed by a unit with twenty-seven ciphers annexed.  According to
the English method, the number expressed by a unit with forty-eight
ciphers annexed. See <u>Numeration</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Oc"to-</hw> (?), <hw>Oc"ta-</hw> (?) }. [L. <i>octo</i>
eight, Gr. &?;, with a combining form &?;.  Cf. <u>Eight</u>.] <def>A
combining form meaning <i>eight</i>; as in <i>octo</i>decimal,
<i>octo</i>decimal, <i>octo</i>locular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"to*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of an octoic acid; a caprylate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*to"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the eighth month
of the primitive Roman year, which began in March, fr. <i>octo</i>
eight: cf.F. <i>Octobre</i>. See <u>Octave</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The tenth month of the year, containing thirty-one
days.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ale or cider made in that month.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The country gentlemen had a posset or drink they
called <i>October</i>.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Oc*toc"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Octocerata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Oc`to*cer"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr.&?; eight + &?;, a horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of
Cephalopoda including Octopus, Argonauta, and allied genera, having
eight arms around the head; -- called also <i>Octopoda</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"to*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>See <u>Octachord</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`todec"i*mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>octodecim</i> eighteen. See <u>Octavo</u>, <u>Decimal</u>, and
<u>-mo</u>.] <def>Having eighteen leaves to a sheet; as, an
<i>octodecimo</i> form, book, leaf, size, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`to*dec"i*mo</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Octodecimos</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A book composed of sheets
each of which is folded into eighteen leaves; hence; indicating more
or less definitely a size of book, whose sheets are so folded; --
usually written 18mo or 18&deg;, and called
<i>eighteenmo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`to*den"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-</i> +
<i>dentate</i>.] <def>Having eight teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"to*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-</i> + Gr.
&?;, &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Octodontid&aelig;</i>, a family of rodents which includes the
coypu, and many other South American species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`to*ed"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Octahedral</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc"to*fid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-</i> + root
of L. <i>findere</i> to split: cf.F. <i>octofide</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Cleft or separated into eight segments, as a calyx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*tog"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-</i> + Gr.
&?; marriage.] <def>A marrying eight times.</def> [R.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc`to*ge*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
eighty years, or more, of age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*tog"e*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>octogenarrus</i>, from <i>octogeni</i> eighty each,
<i>octoginta</i> eighty, fr. <i>octo</i> eight. See <u>Eight</u>,
<u>Eighty</u>.] <def>Of eighty years of age.</def> "Being then
<i>octogenary</i>."  <i>Aubrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc"to*gild</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-</i> + AS.
<i>gild</i> payment.] <i>(Anglo-Saxon Law)</i> <def>A pecuniary
compensation for an injury, of eight times the value of the
thing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*tog"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Octagonal</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Oc`to*gyn"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; eight + &?; a woman, female.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linnaean
order of plants having eight pistils.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Oc`to*gyn"i*an</hw> (?), <hw>Oc*tog"y*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having eight pistils;
octagynous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*to"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Octo-</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling,
octane; -- used specifically, to designate any one of a group of
acids, the most important of which is called <i>caprylic
acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 996 !></p>

<p><hw>Oc`to*loc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-</i> +
<i>locular</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having eight cells for
seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`to*naph"thene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-</i>
+ <i>naphthene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless liquid
hydrocarbon of the octylene series, occurring in Caucasian
petroleum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`to*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>octonarius</i>, fr. <i>octoni</i> eight each, fr. <i>octo</i>
eight.] <def>Of or pertaining to the number eight.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc`to*noc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>octoni</i> eight each + E. <i>ocular</i>.] <def>Having eight
eyes.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oc`to*pede</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-</i> + L.
<i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal
having eight feet, as a spider.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`to*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-</i>
+ <i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having eight petals or flower
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"to*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; eight-
footed; &?; eight + <grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot: cf.F.
<i>octopode</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Octocerata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Oc*top"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as
<u>Octocerata</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Same as
<u>Arachnida</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Oc`to*po"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; eight + &?; a little foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Octocerata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"to*pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Octopod</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of eight-armed
cephalopods, including numerous species, some of them of large size.
See <u>Devilfish</u>,</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`to*ra"*di*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-
</i> + <i>radiated</i>.] <def>Having eight rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`to*roon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>octo</i>
eight + <i>-roon</i>, as in <i>quadroon</i>.] <def>The offspring of a
quadroon and a white person; a mestee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`to*sper"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-</i> +
Cr. &?; seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Containing eight seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*tos"ti*chous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-</i> +
Gr. &?; a row.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In eight vertical ranks, as leaves
on a stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"to*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Octo-</i> + Gr.
&?; a pillar: cf.F. <i>octostyle</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having
eight columns in the front; -- said of a temple or portico. The
Parthenon is <i>octostyle</i>, but most large Greek temples are
<i>hexastele</i>. See <u>Hexastyle</u>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An octostyle portico or temple.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Oc`to*syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Oc`to*syl*lab"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>octosyllabus</i>. See <u>Octo-</u>, and
<u>Syllable</u>.] <def>Consisting of or containing eight
syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"to*syl`la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Octosyllabic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"to*syl`la*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word of
eight syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"to*yl</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Octo</i>ic +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical
(C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>15</sub>O), regarded as the essential residue of
octoic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Oc`troi"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A privilege granted by the sovereign
authority, as the exclusive right of trade granted to a guild or
society; a concession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tax levied in money or kind at the gate
of a French city on articles brought within the walls.</def></p>

<p>[Written also <i>octroy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Oc"tu*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>octo</i>
eight + <i>-uor</i>, as in L. <i>quatuor</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See
<u>Octet</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Oc"tu*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>octuplus</i>;
cf. Gr. &?;: cf.F. <i>octuple</i>.] <def>Eightfold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oct</i>ane + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical hydrocarbon radical
regarded as an essential residue of octane, and as entering into its
derivatives; as, <i>octyl</i> alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"tyl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oct</i>ane +
eth<i>ylene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of
metameric hydrocarbons (C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>16</sub>) of the ethylene
series. In general they are combustible, colorless liquids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc*tyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, octyl; as,
<i>octylic</i> ether.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ocularis</i>,
<i>ocularius</i>, fr. <i>oculus</i> the eye: cf.F. <i>oculaire</i>.
See <u>Eye</u>, and cf. <u>Antler</u>, <u>Inveigle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Depending on, or perceived by, the eye;
received by actual sight; personally seeing or having seen; as,
<i>ocular</i> proof.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thomas was an <i>ocular</i> witness of Christ's
death.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
eye; optic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"u*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The
eyepiece of an optical instrument, as of a telescope or
microscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"u*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By the eye, or
by actual sight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the eye; ocular; optic; as, <i>oculary</i>
medicines.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Oc"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Oc"u*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oculatus</i>, fr. <i>oculus</i> eye.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Furnished with eyes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having spots or holes resembling eyes;
ocellated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`u*li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oculus</i>
the eye + <i>form</i>: cf.F. <i>oculiforme</i>.] <def>In the form of
an eye; resembling an eye; as, an <i>oculiform</i> pebble.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Oc`u*li"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>oculus</i> the eye.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of tropical
corals, usually branched, and having a very volid texture.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Oc`u*li*na"*ce*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. NL. <i>oculina</i> the name of a typical genus.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of corals including many reef-
building species, having round, starlike calicles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"u*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>oculus</i> the
eye: cf. F. <i>oculiste</i>.] <def>One skilled in treating diseases
of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc"u*lo-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from L. <i>oculus</i>
the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`u*lo*mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oculo-</i> +
<i>motor</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the movement
of the eye; -- applied especially to the common motor nerves (or
third pair of cranial nerves) which supply many of the muscles of the
orbit.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The oculomotor
nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`u*lo*na"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oculo-</i> +
<i>nasal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the region of
the eye and the nose; as, the <i>oculonasal</i>, or nasal, nerve, one
of the branches of the ophthalmic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Oc"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oculi</b></plw> (#). [L., an eye.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
eye; <i>(Bot.)</i> a leaf bud.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A round window, usually a
small one.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`cy*po"di*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'wky`s</grk> swift + <grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a tribe of crabs which live in holes
in the sand along the seashore, and run very rapidly, -- whence the
name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Od</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr. Gr. &?; passage.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An alleged force or natural power, supposed, by
Reichenbach and others, to produce the phenomena of mesmerism, and to
be developed by various agencies, as by magnets, heat, light,
chemical or vital action, etc.; -- called also <i>odyle</i> or the
<i>odylic force</i>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>od</i> force of German Reichenbach<BR>
Which still, from female finger tips, burnt blue.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>||O`da`lisque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Turk.
<i>odaliq</i> chambermaid, fr. <i>oda</i> chamber, room.] <def>A
female slave or concubine in the harem of the Turkish sultan.</def>
[Written also <i>odahlic</i>, <i>odalisk</i>, and <i>odalik</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not of those that men desire, sleek<BR>
<i>Odalisques</i>, or oracles of mode.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Odd</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Odder</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Oddest</u>.] [OE.
<i>odde</i>, fr.Icel. <i>oddi</i> a tongue of land, a triangle, an
odd number (from the third or odd angle, or point, of a triangle),
orig., a point, tip; akin to Icel. <i>oddr</i> point, point of a
weapon, Sw. <i>udda</i> odd, <i>udd</i> point, Dan. <i>od</i>,
<i>AS</i>. <i>ord</i>, OHG. <i>ort</i>, G. <i>ort</i> place (cf. E.
<i>point</i>, for change of meaning).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
paired with another, or remaining over after a pairing; without a
mate; unmatched; single; as, an <i>odd</i> shoe; an <i>odd</i>
glove.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not divisible by 2 without a remainder;
not capable of being evenly paired, one unit with another; as, 1, 3,
7, 9, 11, etc., are <i>odd</i> numbers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hope good luck lies in <i>odd</i>
numbers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Left over after a definite round number
has been taken or mentioned; indefinitely, but not greatly, exceeding
a specified number; extra.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sixteen hundred and <i>odd</i> years after the earth
was made, it<BR>
was destroyed in a deluge.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are yet missing of your company<BR>
Some few <i>odd</i> lads that you remember not.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Remaining over; unconnected; detached;
fragmentary; hence, occasional; inconsiderable; as, <i>odd</i> jobs;
<i>odd</i> minutes; <i>odd</i> trifles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Different from what is usual or common;
unusual; singular; peculiar; unique; strange.</def> "An <i>odd</i>
action." <i>Shak.</i> "An <i>odd</i> expression."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>odd</i> man, to perform all things perfectly,
is, in my poor opinion, Joannes Sturmius.</blockquote>
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Patients have sometimes coveted <i>odd</i>
things.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Locke's Essay would be a very <i>odd</i> book for a
man to make himself master of, who would get a reputation by critical
writings.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Quaint; unmatched; singular; unusual;
extraordinary; strange; queer; eccentric, whimsical; fantastical;
droll; comical. See <u>Quaint</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Odd" Fel`low</hw> (?). <def>A member of a secret order, or
fraternity, styled the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, established
for mutual aid and social enjoyment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Odd"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oddities</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality
or state of being odd; singularity; queerness; peculiarity; as,
<i>oddity</i> of dress, manners, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That infinitude of <i>oddities</i> in
him.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is odd; as, a collection of
<i>oddities</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Odd"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
an odd manner; unevently.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a peculiar manner; strangely; queerly;
curiously.</def> "A figure a little more <i>oddly</i> turned."
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A great black substance, . . . very <i>oddly</i>
shaped.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>In a manner measured by an
odd number.</def></p>

<p><hw>Odd"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being odd, or not even.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take but one from three, and you not only destroy the
<i>oddness</i>, but also the essence of that number.</blockquote>
<i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Singularity; strangeness; eccentricity;
irregularity; uncouthness; as, the <i>oddness</i> of dress or shape;
the <i>oddness</i> of an event.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Odds</hw> (&obreve;dz), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Odd</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Difference
in favor of one and against another; excess of one of two things or
numbers over the other; inequality; advantage; superiority; hence,
excess of chances; probability.</def> "Pre&euml;minent by so much
<i>odds</i>." <i>Milton.</i> "The fearful <i>odds</i> of that unequal
fray."  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>odds</i><BR>
Is that we scarce are men and you are gods.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There appeared, at least, four to one <i>odds</i>
against them.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>odds</i> between them has been the
different scope . . . given to their understandings to range
in.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Judging is balancing an account and determining on
which side the <i>odds</i> lie.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Quarrel; dispute; debate; strife; --
chiefly in the phrase <i>at odds</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Set them into confounding <i>odds</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not speak<BR>
Any beginning to this peevish <i>odds</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At odds</b></col>, <cd>in dispute; at variance.</cd>
"These squires <i>at odds</i> did fall." <i>Spenser.</i> "He flashes
into one gross crime or other, that sets us all <i>at odds</i>."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>It is odds</b></col>, <cd>it is
probable.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Jer. Taylor.</i> -- <col><b>Odds and
ends</b></col>, <cd>that which is left; remnants; fragments; refuse;
scraps; miscellaneous articles.</cd> "My brain is filled . . . with
all kinds of <i>odds and ends</i>." <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>ode</i>,
<i>oda</i>, Gr. &?; a song, especially a lyric song, contr. fr. &?;,
fr. &?; to sing; cf.Skr. <i>vad</i> to speak, sing.  Cf.
<u>Comedy</u>, <u>Melody</u>, <u>Monody</u>.] <def>A short poetical
composition proper to be set to music or sung; a lyric poem; esp.,
now, a poem characterized by sustained noble sentiment and
appropriate dignity of style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hangs <i>odes</i> upon hawthorns and elegies on
brambles.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O! run; prevent them with thy humble <i>ode</i>,<BR>
And lay it lowly at his blessed feet.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ode factor</b></col>, <cd>one who makes, or who traffics
in, odes; -- used contemptuously.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ode"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little or short
ode.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*de"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?;: cf.F. <i>od&eacute;on</i>. See <u>Ode</u>.] <def>A kind of
theater in ancient Greece, smaller than the dramatic theater and
roofed over, in which poets and musicians submitted their works to
the approval of the public, and contended for prizes; -- hence, in
modern usage, the name of a hall for musical or dramatic
performances.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*de"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Odeon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"di*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>odibilis</i>.
See <u>Odium</u>.] <def>Fitted to excite hatred; hateful.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Od"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
od. See <u>Od</u>.</def> [Archaic] -- <wf>Od"ic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. &?;; prob.akin to
E. <i>wood</i>, a. See <u>Wednesday</u>.] <i>(Northern Myth.)</i>
<def>The supreme deity of the Scandinavians; -- the same as
<u>Woden</u>, of the German tribes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There in the Temple, carved in wood,<BR>
The image of great <i>Odin</i> stood.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*din"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Odin.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>odiosus</i>,
from <i>odium</i> hatred: cf. F. <i>odieux</i>. See <u>Odium</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hateful; deserving or receiving hatred; as,
an <i>odious</i> name, system, vice.</def> "All wickedness will be
most <i>odious</i>."  <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He rendered himself <i>odious</i> to the
Parliament.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing or provoking hatred, repugnance,
or disgust; offensive; disagreeable; repulsive; as, an <i>odious</i>
sight; an <i>odious</i> smell.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>odious</i> side of that polity.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hateful; detestable; abominable; disgusting;
loathsome; invidious; repulsive; forbidding; unpopular.</p>

<p>-- <wf>O"di*ous`ly</wf>. <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>O"di*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Od"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of an ode
or odes.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>odi</i> I
hate. Gr. <u>Annoy</u>, <u>Noisome</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hatred; dislike; as, his conduct brought him into <i>odium</i>,
or, brought <i>odium</i> upon him.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality that provokes hatred;
offensiveness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She threw the <i>odium</i> of the fact on
me.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>||Odium theologicum</b></col> (&?;) [L.], <cd>the enmity
peculiar to contending theologians.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hatred; abhorrence; detestation; antipathy.  --
<u>Odium</u>, <u>Hatred</u>. We exercise <i>hatred</i>; we endure
<i>odium</i>. The former has an active sense, the latter a passive
one. We speak of having a <i>hatred</i> for a man, but not of having
an <i>odium</i> toward him. A tyrant incurs <i>odium</i>. The
<i>odium</i> of an offense may sometimes fall unjustly upon one who
is innocent.</p>

<p><blockquote>I wish I had a cause to seek him there,<BR>
To oppose his <i>hatred</i> fully.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You have . . . dexterously thrown some of the
<i>odium</i> of your polity upon that middle class which you
despise.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Od"ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Odized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Odizing</u>.] <def>To charge with od. See <u>Od</u>.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Od"myl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, stench +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A volatile liquid obtained by
boiling sulphur with linseed oil. It has an unpleasant garlic
odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*dom"e*ter</hw> (&osl;*d&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'odo`metron</grk>,
<grk>'odo`metros</grk>, an instrument for measuring distance;
<grk>'odo`s</grk> way + <grk>me`tron</grk> measure: cf. F.
<i>odom&eacute;tre</i>, <i>hodom&eacute;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument
attached to the wheel of a vehicle, to measure the distance
traversed; also, a wheel used by surveyors, which registers the miles
and rods traversed.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`do*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>odom&eacute;trique</i>, <i>hodom&eacute;trique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the odometer, or to measurements made with
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*dom"e*trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
measure distance on a road.</def> [R.]  <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*dom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Measurement of
distances by the odometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*don"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The division of insects that includes the
dragon flies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`don*tal"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth + &?; pain.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Toothache.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`don*tal"gic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>odontalgique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to odontalgia.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy for the toothache.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`don*tal"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Odontalgia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`don*ti"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth.] <def>Cutting of
the teeth; dentition.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*don"to-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*don"to*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Odonto-</i>
+ <i>-blast</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the more or less
columnar cells on the outer surface of the pulp of a tooth; an
odontoplast. They are supposed to be connected with the formation of
dentine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the cells which
secrete the chitinous teeth of Mollusca.</def></p>

<p><! p. 997 !></p>

<p><hw>||O*don`to*ce"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth + &?; a whale.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A subdivision of Cetacea, including the
sperm whale, dolphins, etc.; the toothed whales.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`don*tog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Odonto-</i>
+ root of Gr. &?; to be born: cf: F. <i>odontog&eacute;nie</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Generetion, or mode of development, of the
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*don"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Odonto-</i>
+ <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for marking or laying off the
outlines of teeth of gear wheels.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*don`to*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to odontography.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`don*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
description of the teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*don"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth + &?; form: cf.F.
<i>odonto&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Having the form of a tooth; toothlike.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Of or pertaining to the odontoid bone or to the odontoid
process.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Odontoid bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a separate
bone, in many reptiles, corresponding to the odontoid process.</cd> -
- <col><b>Odontoid process</b></col>, or <col><b>Odontoid
peg</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the anterior process of the centrum
of the second vertebra, or axis, in birds and mammals. See
<u>Axis</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||O`don*tol"cae</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth + &?; a
furrow.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order of ostrichlike
aquatic birds having teeth, which are set in a groove in the jaw. It
includes <i>Hesperornis</i>, and allied genera. See
<u>Hesperornis</u>.</def> [Written also <i>Odontholcae</i>, and
<i>Odontoholcae</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>O*don"to*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Odonto-</i> +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A fossil tooth colored a bright
blue by phosphate of iron. It is used as an imitation of turquoise,
and hence called <i>bone turquoise</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`don*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Odonto-</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>: cf.F. <i>odontologie</i>.] <def>The science which
treats of the teeth, their structure and development.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`don*toph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Odontophore</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Cephalophora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*don"to*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Odonto-</i>
+ Gr. &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A special structure
found in the mouth of most mollusks, except bivalves. It consists of
several muscles and a cartilage which supports a chitinous radula, or
lingual ribbon, armed with teeth.  Also applied to the radula alone.
See <u>Radula</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`don*toph"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having an odontophore.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*don"to*plast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Odonto-</i>
+ Gr. &?; to form, mold.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An
odontoblast.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`don*top"te*ryx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth +
<grk>pte`ryx</grk> a wing.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct Eocene
bird having the jaws strongly serrated, or dentated, but destitute of
true teeth. It was found near London.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*don`tor*ni*"thes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr.Gr. <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth + &?;, &?;,
a bird.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A group of Mesozoic birds having the
jaws armed with teeth, as in most other vertebrates. They have been
divided into three orders: Odontolc&aelig;, Odontotorm&aelig;, and
Saurur&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*don"to*stom"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Odonto-</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, the mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having toothlike mandibles; -- applied to certain
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*don`to*tor"mae</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, a tooth + &?; a
socket.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An order of extinct toothed birds
having the teeth in sockets, as in the genus Ichthyornis. See
<u>Ichthyornis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>odor</i>,
<i>odour</i>, OF. <i>odor</i>, <i>odour</i>, F. <i>odeur</i>, fr. L.
<i>odor</i>; akin to <i>olere</i> to smell, Gr. &?;, Lith. &?; Cf.
<u>Olfactory</u>, <u>Osmium</u>, <u>Ozone</u>, <u>Redolent</u>.]
[Written also <i>odour</i>.] <def>Any smell, whether fragrant or
offensive; scent; perfume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Meseemed I smelt a garden of sweet flowers,<BR>
That dainty <i>odors</i> from them threw around.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be in bad odor</b></col>, <cd>to be out of favor, or in
bad repute.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O"dor*a*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>odoramentum</i>. See <u>Odorate</u>.] <def>A perfume; a strong
scent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"dor*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>odorans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr.] <def>Yielding odors; fragrant.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"dor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>odoratus</i>,
p. p. of <i>odorare</i> to perfume, fr. <i>odor</i> odor.]
<def>Odorous.</def> [Obos.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"dor*a`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Diffusing
odor or scent; fragrant.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`dor*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>odorifer</i>; <i>odor</i> odor + <i>ferre</i> to bear. See
<u>Odoe</u>, and 1st <u>Bear</u>.] <def>Bearing or yielding an odor;
perfumed; usually, sweet of scent; fragrant; as, <i>odoriferous</i>
spices, particles, fumes, breezes.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>O`dor*if"er*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>O`dor*if"er*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"dor*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
pungent oily substance obtained by redistilling bone oil.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O"dor*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"dor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>odourous</i>.] [L. <i>odorus</i>, fr. <i>odor</i> odor: cf. OF.
<i>odoros</i>, <i>odoreux</i>.] <def>Having or emitting an odor or
scent, esp. a sweet odor; fragrant; sweet-smelling.</def>
"<i>Odorous</i> bloom."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such fragrant flowers do give most <i>odorous</i>
smell.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>O"dor*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>O"dor*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ods</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>A corruption of
<i>God's</i>; -- formerly used in oaths and ejaculatory
phrases.</def>  "<i>Ods</i> bodikin." "<i>Ods</i> pity."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Od"yl</hw>, <hw>Od"yle</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. &?;, passage + &?; matter or material.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>See <u>Od</u>. [Archaic].</def></p>

<p><hw>O*dyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to odyle; odic; as, <i>odylic</i> force.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Od"ys*sey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Odyssea</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; Ulysses: cf.F. <i>Odyss&eacute;e</i>.] <def>An epic
poem attributed to Homer, which describes the return of Ulysses to
Ithaca after the siege of Troy.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;</hw> (&emacr;), <def>a diphthong, employed in the
Latin language, and thence in the English language, as the
representative of the Greek diphthong <grk>oi</grk>. In many words in
common use, <i>e</i> alone stands instead of &oelig;. Classicists
prefer to write the diphthong <i>oe</i> separate in Latin
words.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a house +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The colorless porous framework, or
stroma, of red blood corpuscles from which the zooid, or hemoglobin
and other substances of the corpuscles, may be dissolved
out.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?; house
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The various relations of animals
and plants to one another and to the outer world.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;`co*nom"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Economical</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;`co*nom"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Economics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*con"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Economy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;c`u*men"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ecumenical</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&OElig;*de"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; a swelling, tumor, fr. &?; to swell.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
swelling from effusion of watery fluid in the cellular tissue beneath
the skin or mucous membrance; dropsy of the subcutaneous cellular
tissue.</def> [Written also <i>edema</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*dem"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or of the nature of, edema;
affected with edema.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>&OElig;*il"iad</hw> (?), <hw>||&OElig;il"lade`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>&oelig;illade</i>, fr. <i>&oelig;el</i>
eye. See <u>Eyelent</u>.] <def>A glance of the eye; an amorous
look.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She gave strange <i>&oelig;illades</i> and most
speaking looks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Eyelet</u>.] <def>An eye, bud, or shoot, as of a plant; an
oilet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*nan"thate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of the supposed &oelig;nanthic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*nan"thic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
first shoot of the vine, the vine blossom, the vine; &?; the vine +
&?; bloom, &?; flower.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having, or imparting, the
odor characteristic of the bouquet of wine; specifically used,
formerly, to designate an acid whose ethereal salts were supposed to
occasion the peculiar bouquet, or aroma, of old wine.  Cf.
<u>&OElig;nanthylic</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>&OElig;nanthic acid</b></col>, <cd>an acid obtained from
&oelig;nanthic ether by the action of alkalies.</cd> --
<col><b>&OElig;nanthic ether</b></col>, <cd>an ethereal substance
(not to be confused with the bouquet, or aroma, of wine) found in
wine lees, and consisting of a complex mixture of the ethereal salts
of several of the higher acids of the acetic acid series. It has an
ethereal odor, and it used in flavoring artificial wines and liquors.
Called also <i>oil of wine</i>. See <i>Essential oil</i>, under
<u>Essential</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*nan"thol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>&oelig;nanthy</i>lic + L. <i>ole</i>um oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An oily substance obtained by the distillation of castor oil,
recognized as the aldehyde of &oelig;nanthylic acid, and hence called
also <i>&oelig;nanthaldehyde</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*nan"thone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>&oelig;nanthic</i> + <i>-one</i>] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The ketone
of &oelig;nanthic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*nan"thyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>&oelig;nnthic</i> + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
hydrocarbon radical formerly supposed to exist in &oelig;nanthic
acid, now known to be identical with heptyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*nan"thyl*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of &oelig;nanthylic acid; as, potassium
<i>&oelig;nanthylate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;`nan*thyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived from, or containing,
&oelig;nanthyl; specifically, designating an acid formerly supposed
to be identical with the acid in &oelig;nanthic ether, but now known
to be identical with heptoic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;`nan*thyl"i*dene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless liquid hydrocarbon, having a garlic
odor; heptine.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*nan"thyl*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid
formerly supposed to be the acid of &oelig;nanthylic ether, but now
known to be a mixture of higher acids, especially <i>capric</i>
acid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>&OElig;`no*cy"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wine
+ &?; a dark-blue substance.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The coloring matter
of red wines.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wine
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>Knowledge of wine, scientific or
practical.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&OElig;n`o*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; wine + &?; mania.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Delirium tremens.</def> <i>Rayer.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Dipsomania.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;n"o*mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wine +
&?; honey.] <def>Wine mixed with honey; mead,</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wine
+ <i>-meter</i>.] <def>See <u>Alcoholometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*noph"i*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.  &?;
wine + &?; to love.] <def>A lover of wine.</def> [R.]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;`no*thi*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
wine + <i>thionic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to an acid now
called <i>sulphovinic, or ethyl sulphuric, acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O'er</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>A contr. of
<u>Over</u>.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>&OElig;*soph"a*gus</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>&OElig;`so*phag"e*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, etc. <def>Same
as <u>Esophagus</u>, <u>Esophageal</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;s"tri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the gadflies.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gadfly.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;s"tru*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>&OElig;strus</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
sexual desire; -- mostly applied to brute animals; as, the
<i>&oelig;strual</i> period; <i>&oelig;strual</i>
influence.</def></p>

<p><hw>&OElig;s`tru*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The state of being under &oelig;strual
influence, or of having sexual desire.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&OElig;s"trus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a gadfly;
also, frenzy, fr.Gr. &?; gadfly; hence, sting, fury, insane desire,
frenzy.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
gadflies. The species which deposits its larv&aelig; in the nasal
cavities of sheep is <i>&oelig;strus ovis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vehement desire; esp. <i>(Physiol.)</i>,
the periodical sexual impulse of animals; heat; rut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [AS. <i>of</i> of, from,
off; akin to D. &amp; OS. <i>af</i>, G. <i>ab</i> off, OHG. <i>aba</i>
from, away, Icel., Dan., Sw., &amp; Goth. <i>af</i>, L. <i>ab</i>, Gr.
&?;, Skr. <i>apa</i>.  Cf. <u>Off</u>, <u>A-</u> (2), <u>Ab-</u>,
<u>After</u>, <u>Epi-</u>.] <def>In a general sense, from, or out
from; proceeding from; belonging to; relating to; concerning; -- used
in a variety of applications; as:</def></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Denoting that from which anything
proceeds; indicating origin, source, descent, and the like; as, he is
<i>of</i> a race of kings; he is <i>of</i> noble blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That holy thing which shall be born <i>of</i> thee
shall be called the Son of God.</blockquote> <i>Luke i. 35.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have received <i>of</i> the Lord that which also I
delivered unto you.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xi. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Denoting possession or ownership, or the
relation of subject to attribute; as, the apartment <i>of</i> the
consul: the power <i>of</i> the king; a man <i>of</i> courage; the
gate <i>of heaven</i>.</def> "Poor <i>of</i> spirit."
 <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Denoting the material of which anything is
composed, or that which it contains; as, a throne <i>of</i> gold; a
sword <i>of</i> steel; a wreath <i>of</i> mist; a cup <i>of</i>
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Denoting part of an aggregate or whole;
belonging to a number or quantity mentioned; out of; from amongst;
as, <i>of</i> this little he had some to spare; some <i>of</i> the
mines were unproductive; most <i>of</i> the company.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>of</i> the Lord's mercies that we are not
consumed.</blockquote> <i>Lam. iii. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a duty to communicate <i>of</i> those blessings
we have received.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Denoting that by which a person or thing
is actuated or impelled; also, the source of a purpose or action; as,
they went <i>of</i> their own will; no body can move <i>of</i>
itself; he did it <i>of</i> necessity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For it was <i>of</i> the Lord to harden their
hearts.</blockquote> <i>Josh. xi. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Denoting reference to a thing; about;
concerning; relating to; as, to boast <i>of</i> one's
achievements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Knew you <i>of</i> this fair work?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Denoting nearness or distance, either in
space or time; from; as, within a league <i>of</i> the town; within
an hour <i>of</i> the appointed time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Denoting identity or equivalence; -- used
with a name or appellation, and equivalent to the relation of
apposition; as, the continent <i>of</i> America; the city <i>of</i>
Rome; the Island <i>of</i> Cuba.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Denoting the agent, or person by whom, or
thing by which, anything is, or is done; by.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And told to her <i>of</i> [by] some.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He taught in their synagogues, being glorified
<i>of</i> all.</blockquote> <i>Luke iv. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Jesus] being forty days tempted <i>of</i> the
devil.</blockquote> <i>Luke iv. 1, 2.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The use of the word in this sense, as applied to persons,
is nearly obsolete.</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Denoting relation to place or time;
belonging to, or connected with; as, men <i>of</i> Athens; the people
<i>of</i> the Middle Ages; in the days <i>of</i> Herod.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Denoting passage from one state to
another; from.</def> [Obs.] "O miserable <i>of</i> happy."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>During; in the course of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not be seen to wink <i>of</i> all the
day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My custom always <i>of</i> the afternoon.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Of</i> may be used in a subjective or an objective
sense. "The love <i>of</i> God" may mean, our love for God, or God's
love for us.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>From</i> is the primary sense of this preposition; a
sense retained in <i>off</i>, the same word differently written for
distinction. But this radical sense disappears in most of its
application; as, a man <i>of</i> genius; a man <i>of</i> rare
endowments; a fossil <i>of</i> a red color, or <i>of</i> an hexagonal
figure; he lost all hope <i>of</i> relief; an affair <i>of</i> the
cabinet; he is a man <i>of</i> decayed fortune; what is the price
<i>of</i> corn? In these and similar phrases, <i>of</i> denotes
property or possession, or a relation of some sort involving
connection. These applications, however all proceeded from the same
primary sense. That which proceeds from, or is produced by, a person
or thing, either has had, or still has, a close connection with the
same; and hence the word was applied to cases of mere connection, not
involving at all the idea of separation.</p>

<p><col><b>Of consequence</b></col>, <cd>of importance, value, or
influence.</cd> -- <col><b>Of late</b></col>, <cd>recently; in time
not long past.</cd> -- <col><b>Of old</b></col>, <cd>formerly; in
time long past.</cd> -- <col><b>Of one's self</b></col>, <cd>by one's
self; without help or prompting; spontaneously.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Why, knows not Montague, that <i>of</i> itself<BR>
England is safe, if true within itself?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Off</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>of</i>, orig. the
same word as R. <i>of</i>, prep., AS. <i>of</i>, adv. &amp; prep.
&radic;194. See <u>Of</u>.] <def>In a general sense, denoting from or
away from; as:</def></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Denoting distance or separation; as, the
house is a mile <i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Denoting the action of removing or
separating; separation; as, to take <i>off</i> the hat or cloak; to
cut <i>off</i>, to pare <i>off</i>, to clip <i>off</i>, to peel
<i>off</i>, to tear <i>off</i>, to march <i>off</i>, to fly
<i>off</i>, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Denoting a leaving, abandonment,
departure, abatement, interruption, or remission; as, the fever goes
<i>off</i>; the pain goes <i>off</i>; the game is <i>off</i>; all
bets are <i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Denoting a different direction; not on or
towards: away; as, to look <i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Denoting opposition or negation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The questions no way touch upon puritanism, either
<i>off</i> or on.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>From off</b></col>, <cd>off from; off.</cd> "A live coal .
. . taken with the tongs <i>from off</i> the altar." <i>Is. vi.
6.</i> -- <col><b>Off and on</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Not
constantly; not regularly; now and then; occasionally</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>On different tacks, now
toward, and now away from, the land.</cd> -- <col><b>To be
off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To depart; to escape; as, he
<i>was off</i> without a moment's warning.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To be abandoned, as an agreement or purpose; as, the <i>bet</i>
was declared <i>to be off</i>.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To come
off</b></col>, <col><b>To cut off</b></col>, <col><b>To fall
off</b></col>, <col><b>To go off</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under
<u>Come</u>, <u>Cut</u>, <u>Fall</u>, <u>Go</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>To get off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To utter; to
discharge; as, <i>to get off</i> a joke.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To go away; to escape; as, <i>to get off</i> easily from a
trial</cd>. [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To take off</b></col>, <cd>to mimic
or personate.</cd> -- <col><b>To tell off</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>to divide and practice a regiment or company in the several
formations, preparatory to marching to the general parade for field
exercises.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> -- <col><b>To be well off</b></col>,
<cd>to be in good condition.</cd> -- <col><b>To be ill off</b></col>,
<col><b>To be badly off</b></col>, <cd>to be in poor
condition.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 998 !></p>

<p><hw>Off</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Away; begone; --
a command to depart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Off</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Not on; away from; as,
to be <i>off</i> one's legs or <i>off</i> the bed; two miles
<i>off</i> the shore.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Off hand</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Offhand</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Off side</b></col> <sd><i>(Football)</i></sd>, <cd>out of
play; -- said when a player has got in front of the ball in a
scrimmage, or when the ball has been last touched by one of his own
side behind him.</cd> -- <col><b>To be off color</b></col>, <cd>to be
of a wrong color.</cd> -- <col><b>To be off one's food</b></col>,
<cd>to have no appetite. (Colloq.)</cd></p>

<p><hw>Off</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On the
farther side; most distant; on the side of an animal or a team
farthest from the driver when he is on foot; in the United States,
the right side; as, the <i>off</i> horse or ox in a team, in
distinction from the <i>nigh</i> or <i>near</i> horse or ox; the
<i>off</i> leg.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Designating a time when one is not
strictly attentive to business or affairs, or is absent from his
post, and, hence, a time when affairs are not urgent; as, he took an
<i>off</i> day for fishing: an <i>off</i> year in politics.</def> "In
the <i>off</i> season."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Off side</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The right hand
side in driving; the farther side</cd>. See <u>Gee</u>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Cricket)</i> <cd>See <u>Off</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Off</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>The side
of the field that is on the right of the wicket keeper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of"fal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Off</i> +
<i>fall</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The rejected or waste parts of
a butchered animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dead body; carrion.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is thrown away as worthless or
unfit for use; refuse; rubbish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>off als</i> of other profession.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Off"cut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is cut off.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bookbinding)</i> <def>A portion ofthe
printed sheet, in certain sizes of books, that is cut off before
folding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of*fence"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Offense</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of*fend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Offended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Offending</u>.] [OF. <i>offendre</i>, L. <i>offendere</i>,
<i>offensum</i>; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>fendere</i> (in
comp.) to thrust, dash. See <u>Defend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To strike against; to attack; to assail.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To displease; to make angry; to
affront.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A brother <i>offended</i> is harder to be won than a
strong city.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xviii. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be offensive to; to harm; to pain; to
annoy; as, strong light <i>offends</i> the eye; to <i>offend</i> the
conscience.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To transgress; to violate; to sin
against.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Marry, sir, he hath <i>offended</i> the
law.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>To oppose or obstruct in
duty; to cause to stumble; to cause to sin or to fall.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who hath you misboden or <i>offended</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If thy right eye <i>offend</i> thee, pluck it out . .
. And if thy right hand <i>offend</i> thee, cut it off.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. v. 29, 3O.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Great peace have they which love thy law, and nothing
shall <i>offend</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxix. 165.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fend"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To transgress the moral or divine law; to commit a crime; to
stumble; to sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever shall keep the whole law, and yet
<i>offend</i> in one point, he is guilty of all.</blockquote>
<i>James ii. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If it be a sin to cevet honor,<BR>
I am the most <i>offending</i> soul alive.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause dislike, anger, or vexation; to
displease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall <i>offend</i>, either to detain or give
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To offend against</b></col>, <cd>to do an injury or wrong
to; to commit an offense against.</cd> "We have <i>offended
against</i> the Lord already."  <i>2 Chron. xxviii. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fend"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
offender.</def> [R.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
offends; one who violates any law, divine or human; a
wrongdoer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I and my son Solomon shall be counted
<i>offenders</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings i. 21.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fend"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
offends.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Of*fense"</hw>, <hw>Of*fence"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>offensa</i>. See <u>Offend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of offending in any sense; esp., a
crime or a sin, an affront or an injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who was delivered for our <i>offenses</i>, and was
raised again for our justification.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iv.
25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have given my opinion against the authority of two
great men, but I hope without <i>offense</i> to their
memories.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being offended or displeased;
anger; displeasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was content to give them just cause of
<i>offense</i>, when they had power to make just
revenge.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cause or occasion of stumbling or of
sin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Woe to that man by whom the <i>offense</i>
cometh!</blockquote> <i>Matt. xviii. 7.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word, like <i>expense</i>, is often spelled with a
<i>c</i>. It ought, however, to undergo the same change with
<i>expense</i>, the reasons being the same, namely, that <i>s</i>
must be used in <i>offensive</i> as in <i>expensive</i>, and is found
in the Latin <i>offensio</i>, and the French <i>offense</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>To take offense</b></col>, <cd>to feel, or assume to be,
injured or affronted; to become angry or hostile.</cd> --
<col><b>Weapons of offense</b></col>, <cd>those which are used in
attack, in distinction from those of <i>defense</i>, which are used
to repel.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Displeasure; umbrage; resentment; misdeed;
misdemeanor; trespass; transgression; delinquency; fault; sin; crime;
affront; indignity; outrage; insult.</p>

<p><hw>Of*fense"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
offense; displeasing; wrong; as, an <i>offenseful</i> act.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Of*fense"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unoffending;
inoffensive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of*fen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may
give offense.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Of*fen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., fr. L.
<i>offensio</i> an offense.] <def>Assault; attack.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>offensif</i>. See <u>Offend</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Giving offense; causing displeasure or
resentment; displeasing; annoying; as, <i>offensive</i>
words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Giving pain or unpleasant sensations;
disagreeable; revolting; noxious; as, an <i>offensive</i> smell;
<i>offensive</i> sounds.</def> "<i>Offensive</i> to the stomach."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Making the first attack; assailant;
aggressive; hence, used in attacking; -- opposed to <i>defensive</i>;
as, an <i>offensive</i> war; <i>offensive</i> weapons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>League offensive and defensive</b></col>, <cd>a leaque
that requires all the parties to it to make war together against any
foe, and to defend one another if attacked.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Displeasing; disagreeable; distasteful; obnoxious;
abhorrent; disgusting; impertinent; rude; saucy; reproachful;
opprobrious; insulting; insolent; abusive; scurrilous; assailant;
attacking; invading.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Of*fen"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Of*fen"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Of*fen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
posture of one who offends or makes attack; aggressive attitude; the
act of the attacking party; -- opposed to <i>defensive</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To act on the offensive</b></col>, <cd>to be the attacking
party.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Of"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Offered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Offering</u>.] [OE. <i>offren</i>, <u>AS</u>. <i>offrian</i> to
sacrifice, fr. L. <i>offerre</i>; <i>ob</i> (see <u>OB-</u>) +
<i>ferre</i> to bear, bring. The English word was influenced by F.
<i>offrir</i> to offer, of the same origin. See 1st <u>Bear</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To present, as an act of worship; to
immolate; to sacrifice; to present in prayer or devotion; -- often
with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt <i>offer</i> every day a bullock for a sin
offering for atonement.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxix. 36.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A holy priesthood to <i>offer</i> up spiritual
sacrifices.</blockquote> <i>1 Pet. ii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring to or before; to hold out to; to
present for acceptance or rejection; as, to <i>offer</i> a present,
or a bribe; to <i>offer</i> one's self in marriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>offer</i> thee three things.</blockquote> <i>2
Sam. xxiv. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To present in words; to proffer; to make a
proposal of; to suggest; as, to <i>offer</i> an opinion. With the
infinitive as an objective: To make an offer; to declare one's
willingness; as, he <i>offered</i> to help me.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To attempt; to undertake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that <i>offer</i> to defend him.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bid, as a price, reward, or wages; as,
to <i>offer</i> a guinea for a ring; to <i>offer</i> a salary or
reward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To put in opposition to; to manifest in an
offensive way; to threaten; as, to <i>offer</i> violence, attack,
etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To propose; propound; move; proffer; tender;
sacrifice; immolate.</p>

<p><hw>Of"fer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To present itself; to be at hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The occasion <i>offers</i>, and the youth
complies.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make an attempt; to make an essay or a
trial; -- used with <i>at</i>.</def> "Without <i>offering</i> at any
other remedy."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He would be <i>offering</i> at the shepherd's
voice.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not <i>offer</i> at that I can not
master.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>offre</i>,
fr. <i>offrir</i> to offer, fr. L. <i>offerre</i>. See <u>Offer</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of offering,
bringing forward, proposing, or bidding; a proffer; a first
advance.</def> "This <i>offer</i> comes from mercy."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is offered or brought forward;
a proposal to be accepted or rejected; a sum offered; a
bid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>offers</i> are disdained, and love
denied.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Attempt; endeavor; essay; as, he made an
<i>offer</i> to catch the ball.</def> "Some <i>offer</i> and
attempt."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of"fer*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being offered; suitable or worthy to be offered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of"fer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who offers;
esp., one who offers something to God in worship.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of"fer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of an offerer; a proffering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is offered, esp. in divine
service; that which is presented as an expiation or atonement for
sin, or as a free gift; a sacrifice; an oblation; as, sin
<i>offering</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are polluted <i>offerings</i> more abhorred<BR>
Than spotted livers in the sacrifice.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sum of money offered, as in church
service; as, a missionary <i>offering</i>. Specif.: <i>(Ch. of
Eng.)</i> Personal tithes payable according to custom, either at
certain seasons as Christmas or Easter, or on certain occasions as
marriages or christenings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[None] to the <i>offering</i> before her should
go.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Burnt offering</b></col>, <col><b>Drink
offering</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Burnt</u>. etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Of"fer*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Offertories</b></plw> . [L. <i>offertorium</i> the place to
which offerings were brought, in LL. offertory: cf.F.
<i>offertoire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of offering, or
the thing offered.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Bacon. Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
anthem chanted, or a voluntary played on the organ, during the
offering and first part of the Mass.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>That part of the Mass which the priest reads before uncovering
the chalice to offer up the elements for consecration.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The oblation of the elements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Ch. of Eng. &amp; Prot. Epis. Ch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The Scripture sentences said or sung during
the collection of the offerings.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
offerings themselves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of"fer*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>offertura</i> an offering.] <def>Offer; proposal; overture.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>More <i>offertures</i> and advantages to his
crown.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Off"hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Instant; ready;
extemporaneous; as, an <i>offhand speech</i>; <i>offhand</i>
excuses.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an offhand manner;
as, he replied <i>offhand</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of"fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>officium</i>, for <i>opificium</i>; <i>ops</i> ability, wealth,
holp + <i>facere</i> to do or make. See <u>Opulent</u>, <u>Fact</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which a person does, either voluntarily
or by appointment, for, or with reference to, others; customary duty,
or a duty that arises from the relations of man to man; as, kind
<i>offices</i>, pious <i>offices</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would I could do a good <i>office</i> between
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A special duty, trust, charge, or
position, conferred by authority and for a public purpose; a position
of trust or authority; as, an executive or judical <i>office</i>; a
municipal <i>office</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A charge or trust, of a sacred nature,
conferred by God himself; as, the <i>office</i> of a priest under the
old dispensation, and that of the apostles in the new.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inasmuch as I am the apostle of the Gentiles, I
magnify mine <i>office</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xi. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is performed, intended, or
assigned to be done, by a particular thing, or that which anything is
fitted to perform; a function; -- answering to <i>duty</i> in
intelligent beings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [the eyes] resign their <i>office</i> and their
light.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hesperus, whose <i>office</i> is to bring<BR>
Twilight upon the earth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In this experiment the several intervals of the teeth
of the comb do the <i>office</i> of so many prisms.</blockquote>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The place where a particular kind of
business or service for others is transacted; a house or apartment in
which public officers and others transact business; as, the
register's <i>office</i>; a lawyer's <i>office</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The company or corporation, or persons
collectively, whose place of business is in an office; as, I have
notified the <i>office</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The apartments or outhouses in
which the domestics discharge the duties attached to the service of a
house, as kitchens, pantries, stables, etc.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As for the <i>offices</i>, let them stand at
distance.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Any service other than that
of ordination and the Mass; any prescribed religious
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This morning was read in the church, after the
<i>office</i> was done, the declaration setting forth the late
conspiracy against the king's person.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Holy office</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Inquisition</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Houses of office</b></col>.
<cd>Same as def. 7 above.</cd> <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Little
office</b></col> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i>, <cd>an office recited in honor of
the Virgin Mary.</cd> -- <col><b>Office bearer</b></col>, <cd>an
officer; one who has a specific office or duty to perform.</cd> --
<col><b>Office copy</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an authenticated or
certified copy of a record, from the proper office. See <i>Certified
copies</i>, under <u>Copy</u>.</cd> <i>Abbott.</i> -- <col><b>Office-
found</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the finding of an inquest of
office. See under <u>Inquest</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Office
holder</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Officeholder</u> in the
Vocabulary</cd></p>

<p><hw>Of`fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To perform, as
the duties of an office; to discharge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of"fice*hold"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
officer, particularly one in the civil service; a placeman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of"fi*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>officier</i>.
See <u>Office</u>, and cf. <u>Official</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who holds an office; a person lawfully
invested with an office, whether civil, military, or ecclesiastical;
as, a church <i>officer</i>; a police <i>officer</i>; a staff
<i>officer</i>.</def> "I am an <i>officer</i> of state."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(U. S. Mil.)</i> <def>Specifically, a
commissioned officer, in distinction from a warrant
officer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Field officer</b></col>, <col><b>General
officer</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Field</u>, <u>General</u>.
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Officer of the day</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>the officer who, on a given day, has charge for that day of the
quard, prisoners, and police of the post or camp.</cd> --
<col><b>Officer of the deck</b></col>, or <col><b>Officer of the
watch</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the officer temporarily in charge
on the deck of a vessel, esp. a war vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Of"fi*cer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Officered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Officering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with officers;
to appoint officers over.</def>  <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To command as an officer; as, veterans
from old regiments <i>officered</i> the recruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>officialis</i>: cf. F. <i>officiel</i>. See <u>Office</u>, and cf.
<u>Official</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to an office or public trust; as, <i>official</i> duties,
or routine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That, in the <i>official</i> marks invested, you<BR>
Anon do meet the senate.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Derived from the proper office or officer,
or from the proper authority; made or communicated by virtue of
authority; as, an <i>official</i> statement or report.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>Approved by authority;
sanctioned by the pharmacop&oelig;ia; appointed to be used in
medicine; as, an <i>official</i> drug or preparation.  Cf.
<u>Officinal</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Discharging an office or function.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The stomach and other parts <i>official</i> unto
nutrition.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fi"cial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>officialis</i> a
magistrate's servant or attendant: cf.F. <i>official</i>. See
<u>Official</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Officer</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who holds an office; esp., a subordinate
executive officer or attendant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastical judge appointed by a
bishop, chapter, archdeacon, etc., with charge of the spiritual
jurisdiction.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fi"cial*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being official; a system of official government; also, adherence
to office routine; red-tapism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Officialism</i> may often drift into
blunders.</blockquote> <i>Smiles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fi`ci*al"i*ty</hw>
(&obreve;f*f&ibreve;sh`&ibreve;*&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Officialty</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of*fi"cial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By the
proper officer; by virtue of the proper authority; in pursuance of
the special powers vested in an officer or office; as, accounts or
reports <i>officially</i> verified or rendered; letters
<i>officially</i> communicated; persons <i>officially</i>
notified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of*fi"cial*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>officialit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The charge, office, court, or
jurisdiction of an official.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fi"ciant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>officians</i>, p. pr. See <u>Officiate</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>The officer who officiates or performs an office, as the burial
office.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fi"ci*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an office or an officer; official.</def> [R.]
<i>Heylin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fi"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Officiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Officiating</u>.] [LL. <i>officiare</i>. See
<u>Office</u>.] <def>To act as an officer in performing a duty; to
transact the business of an office or public trust; to conduct a
public service.</def>  <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fi"ci*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To discharge,
perform, or supply, as an official duty or function.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Merely to <i>officiate</i> light<BR>
Round this opacous earth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fi"ci*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
officiates.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of*fic"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>officina</i> a workshop, contr.fr. <i>opificina</i>, fr.
<i>opifex</i> a workman; <i>opus</i> work + <i>facere</i> to make or
do.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Used in a shop, or belonging to
it.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>Kept in stock by
apothecaries; -- said of such drugs and medicines as may be obtained
without special preparation or compounding; not magistral.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term is often interchanged with <i>official</i>, but
in strict use <i>officinal</i> drugs are not necessarily
<i>official</i>. See <u>Official</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3.</p>

<p><hw>Of*fi"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>officiosus</i>: cf.F. <i>officieux</i>. See <u>Office</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or being in accordance with,
duty.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If there were any lie in the case, it could be no more
than as <i>officious</i> and venial one.</blockquote> <i>Note on Gen.
xxvii. (Douay version).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to serve; kind; obliging.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet not to earth are those bright luminaries<BR>
<i>Officious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They were tolerably well bred, very <i>officious</i>,
humane, and hospitable.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Importunately interposing services;
intermeddling in affairs in which one has no concern;
meddlesome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are too <i>officious</i><BR>
In her behalf that scorns your services.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impertinent; meddling.  See <u>Impertinent</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Of*fi"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Of*fi"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 999 !></p>

<p><hw>Off"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Off</u>.]
<def>That part of the sea at a good distance from the shore, or where
there is deep water and no need of a pilot; also, distance from the
shore; as, the ship had ten miles <i>offing</i>; we saw a ship in the
<i>offing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Off"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shy or distant in
manner.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Off"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Off</i> + <i>let</i>.]
<def>A pipe to let off water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Off"scour`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Off</i> +
<i>scour</i>.] <def>That which is scoured off; hence, refuse;
rejected matter; that which is vile or despised.</def>  <i>Lam. iii.
45.</i></p>

<p><hw>Off"scum`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Off</i> +
<i>scum</i>.] <def>Removed scum; refuse; dross.</def></p>

<p><hw>Off"set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Off</i> +
<i>set</i>.  Cf. <u>Set-off</u>.] <def>In general, that which is set
off, from, before, or against, something</def>; as: --</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A short prostrate shoot,
which takes root and produces a tuft of leaves, etc. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Houseleek</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sum, account, or value set off against
another sum or account, as an equivalent; hence, anything which is
given in exchange or retaliation; a set-off.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A spur from a range of hills or
mountains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A horizontal ledge on the
face of a wall, formed by a diminution of its thickness, or by the
weathering or upper surface of a part built out from it; -- called
also <i>set-off</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>A short distance measured
at right angles from a line actually run to some point in an
irregular boundary, or to some object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>An abrupt bend in an
object, as a rod, by which one part is turned aside out of line, but
nearly parallel, with the rest; the part thus bent aside.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A more or less distinct
transfer of a printed page or picture to the opposite page, when the
pages are pressed together before the ink is dry or when it is
poor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Offset staff</b></col> <i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>a rod, usually
ten links long, used in measuring offsets.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Off*set"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Offset</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Offsetting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set off; to place over
against; to balance; as, to <i>offset</i> one account or charge
against another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form an offset in, as in a wall, rod,
pipe, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Off"set</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Printing)</i>
<def>To make an offset.</def></p>

<p><hw>Off"shoot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Off</i> +
<i>shoot</i>.] <def>That which shoots off or separates from a main
stem, channel, family, race, etc.; as, the <i>offshoots</i> of a
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Off"shore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>From the shore;
as, an <i>offshore</i> wind; an <i>offshore</i> signal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Off"skip`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Off</i> + <i>-
skip</i>, as in <i>landskip</i>.] <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>That part of a
landscape which recedes from the spectator into distance.</def> [R.]
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Off"spring`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
[<i>Off</i> + <i>spring</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of production; generation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is produced; a child or
children; a descendant or descendants, however remote from the
stock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the gods alone<BR>
Our future <i>offspring</i> and our wives are known.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Origin; lineage; family.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Of*fus"cate</hw> (?), <hw>Of`fus*ca`tion</hw> (?) }.
<def>See <u>Obfuscate</u>, <u>Obfuscation</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Oft</hw> (&obreve;ft; 115), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>oft</i>; akin to OS. &amp; G. <i>oft</i>, OHG. <i>ofto</i>, Sw.
<i>ofta</i>, Dan. <i>ofte</i>, Icel. <i>opt</i>, Goth. <i>ufta</i>;
of uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Often</u>.] <def>Often; frequently; not
rarely; many times.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Oft</i> she rejects, but never once
offends.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oft</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Frequent; often;
repeated.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Of`ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Oftener</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Oftenest</u>.] [Formerly also
<i>ofte</i>, fr. <i>oft</i>.  See <u>Oft</u>.,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>Frequently; many times; not
seldom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of"ten</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Frequent; common;
repeated.</def> [R.] "Thine <i>often</i> infirmities."  <i>1 Tim. v.
23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And weary thee with <i>often</i>
welcomes.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of"ten*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Frequency.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of"ten*sith</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Often</i> +
<i>sith</i> time.] <def>Frequently; often.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For whom I sighed have so
<i>oftensith</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of"ten*tide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Often</i> +
<i>tide</i> time.] <def>Frequently; often.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Robert of
Brunne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Of"ten*times`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Often</i> +
<i>time.</i> Cf.  <u>-wards</u>.] <def>Frequently; often; many
times.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oft"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def><pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> of <u>Oft</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oft"times`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Oft</i> +
<i>time.</i> Cf. <u>-wards</u>.] <def>Frequently; often.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Og"am</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ogham</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Og"do*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Gr</i>.
<i>&?;</i>, <i>&?;</i>, from &?; eight.] <def>A thing made up of
eight parts.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Og`do*as`tich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
eighth + &?; a verse.] <def>A poem of eight lines.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Selden</i></p>

<p><hw>O*gee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ogive</i>,
<i>augive</i>, LL. <i>augiva</i>, of uncertain origin; cf.LL.
<i>ogis</i> a support, prop. L. <i>augere</i> to increase,
strengthen, Sp. <i>auge</i> highest point of power or fortune,
apogee, Ar. <i>auj</i>, an astronomical term.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A molding, the section of
which is the form of the letter S, with the convex part above; cyma
reversa. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Cyma</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any similar figure used for any
purpose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ogee arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a pointed arch,
each of the sides of which has the curve of an ogee, that is, has a
reversed curve near the apex.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O*gee"chee lime`</hw> (?). [So named from the <i>Ogeechee</i>
River in Georgia.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The acid,
olive-shaped, drupaceous fruit of a species of tupelo (<i>Nyssa
capitata</i>) which grows in swamps in Georgia and Florida.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The tree which bears this fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Og`ga*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oggannire</i> to snarl at; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) +
<i>gannire</i> to yelp.] <def>Snarling; grumbling.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Og"ham</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir.] <def>A particular
kind of writing practiced by the ancient Irish, and found in
inscriptions on stones, metals, etc.</def> [Written also
<i>ogam</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>O"give</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ogive</i>, OF.
<i>augive</i> a pointed arch, LL. <i>augiva</i> a double arch of two
at right angles.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The arch or rib which crosses a
Gothic vault diagonally.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"gle</hw> (&omacr;g'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ogled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ogling</u> (?).] [From a Dutch word corresponding to G.
<i>&auml;ugeln</i> to ogle, fr. <i>auge</i> eye; cf. D.
<i>ooglonken</i> to ogle, OD. <i>oogen</i> to cast sheep's eyes upon,
<i>ooge</i> eye. See <u>Eye</u>.] <def>To view or look at with side
glances, as in fondness, or with a design to attract
notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>ogling</i> all their audience, ere they
speak.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An amorous side glance
or look.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ogles.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"gli*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Olio</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"gre</hw> (&omacr;"g&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
Sp. <i>ogro</i>, fr. L. <i>Orcus</i> the god of the infernal regions;
also, the lower world, hell.] <def>An imaginary monster, or hideous
giant of fairy tales, who lived on human beings; hence, any frightful
giant; a cruel monster.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His schoolroom must have resembled an <i>ogre's</i>
den.</blockquote> <i>Maccaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"gre*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling an ogre;
having the character or appearance of an ogre; suitable for an
ogre.</def> "An <i>ogreish</i> kind of jocularity."
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"gress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ogresse</i>. See
<u>Ogre</u>.] <def>A female ogre.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>O"gre*ism</hw> (?), <hw>O"grism</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character or manners of an
ogre.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*gyg"i*an</hw> (&osl;*j&ibreve;j"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Ogygius</i>, Gr. <grk>'Ogy`gios</grk>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Ogyges, a mythical king of ancient Attica,
or to a great deluge in Attica in his days; hence, primeval; of
obscure antiquity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oh</hw> (&omacr;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [See <u>O</u>,
<pos><i>interj.</i></pos>] <def>An exclamation expressing various
emotions, according to the tone and manner, especially surprise,
pain, sorrow, anxiety, or a wish. See the Note under
<u>O</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ohm</hw> (&omacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the
German electrician, G. S. <i>Ohm</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The
standard unit in the measure of electrical resistance, being the
resistance of a circuit in which a potential difference of one volt
produces a current of one amp&eacute;re. As defined by the
International Electrical Congress in 1893, and by United States
Statute, it is a resistance substantially equal to 10<sup>9</sup>
units of resistance of the C. G. S. system of electro-magnetic units,
and is represented by the resistance offered to an unvarying electric
current by a column of mercury at the temperature of melting ice
14.4521 grams in mass, of a constant cross-sectional area, and of the
length of 106.3 centimeters. As thus defined it is called the
<i>international ohm</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ohm's law</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>the statement of
the fact that the strength or intensity of an electrical current is
directly proportional to the electro-motive force, and inversely
proportional to the resistance of the circuit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O*ho"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An exclamation
of surprise, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>-oid</hw> (-oid). [Gr. &?;, fr. <grk>e'i^dos</grk> form, akin
to &?; to see, and E. <i>wit</i>: cf.F. <i>-o&iuml;de</i>, L. <i>-
o&iuml;des</i>.] <def>A suffix or combining form meaning <i>like</i>,
<i>resembling</i>, <i>in the form of</i>; as in anthrop<i>oid</i>,
aster<i>oid</i>, spher<i>oid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*&iuml;d"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. fr.
Gr. <grk>w,'o`n</grk> egg.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of minute
fungi which form a floccose mass of filaments on decaying fruit, etc.
Many forms once referred to this genus are now believed to be
temporary conditions of fungi of other genera, among them the vine
mildew (<i>O&iuml;dium Tuckeri</i>), which has caused much injury to
grapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oil</hw> (oil), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>oile</i>, OF.
<i>oile</i>, F. <i>huile</i>, fr. L. <i>oleum</i>; akin to Gr. &?;.
Cf. <u>Olive</u>.] <def>Any one of a great variety of unctuous
combustible substances, not miscible with water; as, olive
<i>oil</i>, whale <i>oil</i>, rock <i>oil</i>, etc.  They are of
animal, vegetable, or mineral origin and of varied composition, and
they are variously used for food, for solvents, for anointing,
lubrication, illumination, etc. By extension, any substance of an
oily consistency; as, <i>oil</i> of vitriol.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The mineral oils are varieties of petroleum. See
<u>Petroleum</u>. The vegetable oils are of two classes, <i>essential
oils</i> (see under <u>Essential</u>), and <i>natural oils</i> which
in general resemble the animal oils and fats. Most of the natural
oils and the animal oils and fats consist of ethereal salts of
glycerin, with a large number of organic acids, principally stearic,
oleic, and palmitic, forming respectively stearin, olein, and
palmitin. Stearin and palmitin prevail in the solid oils and fats,
and olein in the liquid oils. Mutton tallow, beef tallow, and lard
are rich in stearin, human fat and palm oil in palmitin, and sperm
and cod-liver oils in olein. In making soaps, the acids leave the
glycerin and unite with the soda or potash.</p>

<p><col><b>Animal oil</b></col>, <col><b>Bone oil</b></col>,
<col><b>Dipple's oil</b></col>, <cd>etc. <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, a
complex oil obtained by the distillation of animal substances, as
bones. See <i>Bone oil</i>, under <u>Bone</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Drying
oils</b></col>, <col><b>Essential oils</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Drying</u>, and <u>Essential</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ethereal oil of wine</b></col>, <col><b>Heavy oil of
wine</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Ethereal</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fixed oil</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Fixed</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil bag</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a bag, cyst, or gland in animals, containing oil.</cd> --
<col><b>Oil beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any beetle of
the genus <i>Meloe</i> and allied genera. When disturbed they emit
from the joints of the legs a yellowish oily liquor. Some species
possess vesicating properties, and are used instead of
cantharides.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil box</b></col>, or <col><b>Oil
cellar</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a fixed box or reservoir, for
lubricating a bearing; esp., the box for oil beneath the journal of a
railway-car axle.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil cake</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cake</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil cock</b></col>, <cd>a stopcock
connected with an oil cup. See <i>Oil cup</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil
color</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A paint made by grinding a
coloring substance in oil</cd>.  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Such paints,
taken in a general sense.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil cup</b></col>, <cd>a
cup, or small receptacle, connected with a bearing as a lubricator,
and usually provided with a wick, wire, or adjustable valve for
regulating the delivery of oil.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil engine</b></col>,
<cd>a gas engine worked with the explosive vapor of petroleum.</cd> -
- <col><b>Oil gas</b></col>, <cd>inflammable gas procured from oil,
and used for lighting streets, houses, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil
gland</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A gland
which secretes oil; especially in birds, the large gland at the base
of the tail</cd>.  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A gland, in
some plants, producing oil.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil green</b></col>,
<cd>a pale yellowish green, like oil.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil of
brick</b></col>, <cd>empyreumatic oil obtained by subjecting a brick
soaked in oil to distillation at a high temperature, -- used by
lapidaries as a vehicle for the emery by which stones and gems are
sawn or cut.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>Oil of
talc</b></col>, <cd>a nostrum made of calcined talc, and famous in
the 17th century as a cosmetic.</cd> [Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i> --
<col><b>Oil of vitriol</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>strong sulphuric
acid; -- so called from its oily consistency and from its forming the
vitriols or sulphates.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil of wine</b></col>,
<cd>&OElig;nanthic ether. See under <u>&OElig;nanthic</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Oil painting</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The art of
painting in oil colors</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any kind of
painting of which the pigments are originally ground in oil.</cd> --
<col><b>Oil palm</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a palm tree whose fruit
furnishes oil, esp. <i>El&aelig;is Guineensis</i>. See
<u>El&aelig;is</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil sardine</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an East Indian herring (<i>Clupea
scombrina</i>), valued for its oil.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil
shark</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The liver
shark</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The tope.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil
still</b></col>, <cd>a still for hydrocarbons, esp. for
petroleum.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil test</b></col>, <cd>a test for
determining the temperature at which petroleum oils give off vapor
which is liable to explode.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil tree</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A plant of the genus
<i>Ricinus</i> (<i>R. communis</i>), from the seeds of which castor
oil is obtained.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An Indian tree, the
mahwa. See <u>Mahwa</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The oil
palm.</cd> -- <col><b>To burn the midnight oil</b></col>, <cd>to
study or work late at night.</cd> -- <col><b>Volatle oils</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Essential oils</i>, under <u>Essential</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Oiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Oiling</u>.] <def>To smear or rub over with oil; to lubricate with
oil; to anoint with oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oil"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Guacharo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oil"cloth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cloth treated
with oil or paint, and used for marking garments, covering floors,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oiled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered or treated
with oil; dressed with, or soaked in, oil.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oiled silk</b></col>, <cd>silk rendered waterproof by
saturation with boiled oil.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who deals in oils.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, oils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oil"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>huilerie</i>.] <def>The business, the place of business, or the
goods, of a maker of, or dealer in, oils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oil"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being oily.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oil"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Eyelet</u>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small opening or loophole,
sometimes circular, used in medi&aelig;val fortifications.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small circular opening, and ring of
moldings surrounding it, used in window tracery in Gothic
architecture.</def> [Written also <i>oylet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Oil"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oilmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who deals in oils; formerly,
one who dealt in oils and pickles.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Oil"nut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
buffalo nut. See <i>Buffalo nut</i>, under <u>Buffalo</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to various nuts and seeds yielding
oil, as the butternut, cocoanut, oil-palm nut.</p>

<p><hw>Oil"seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Seed from which oil is expressed, as the
castor bean; also, the plant yielding such seed. See <u>Castor
bean</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A cruciferous herb
(<i>Camelina sativa</i>).</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
sesame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oil"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cloth made
waterproof by oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oil"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A variety of
hone slate, or whetstone, used for whetting tools when lubricated
with oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oil"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Oilier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Oiliest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of oil; containing oil; having the nature or
qualities of oil; unctuous; oleaginous; as, <i>oily</i> matter or
substance.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covered with oil; greasy; hence,
resembling oil; as, an <i>oily</i> appearance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Smoothly subservient; supple; compliant;
plausible; insinuating.</def> "This <i>oily</i> rascal."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>oily</i> compliance in all
alterations.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Oily grain</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the sesame.</cd> -
- <col><b>Oily palm</b></col>, <cd>the oil palm.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oi"ne*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ointment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Oi`no*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>&oelig;nomania</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oint</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ointed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ointing</u>.] [F. <i>oint</i>, p. p. of <i>oindre</i>, L.
<i>ungere</i>. See <u>Anoint</u>, <u>Ointment</u>.] <def>To
anoint.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oint"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>oinement</i>,
OF. <i>oignement</i>, fr.F. <i>oindre</i> to anoint, L.
<i>ungere</i>, <i>unguere</i>; akin to Skr. <i>a&?;j</i>, and to G.
<i>anke</i> (in Switzerland) butter. The first <i>t</i> in the E.
word is due to the influence of <i>anoint</i>.  Cf. <u>Anoint</u>,
<u>Unguent</u>.] <def>That which serves to anoint; any soft unctuous
substance used for smearing or anointing; an unguent.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*jib"ways</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Ojibway</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Chippeways</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O"jo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., prop., an eye.]
<def>A spring, surrounded by rushes or rank grass; an oasis.</def>
[Southwestern U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. <i>okkah</i>, fr.
Ar. <i>&umacr;k&imacr;yah</i>, <i>wak&imacr;yah</i>, prob. fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, an ounce, fr. L. <i>uncia.</i> Cf. <u>Ounce</u> a
weight.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Turkish and Egyptian weight, equal to
about 2&frac34; pounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An Hungarian and Wallachian measure, equal
to about 2&frac12; pints.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ken*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from Lorenz
<i>Oken</i>, a German naturalist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A massive and
fibrous mineral of a whitish color, chiefly hydrous silicate of
lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Ocher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"kra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
annual plant (<i>Abelmoschus, or Hibiscus, esculentus</i>), whose
green pods, abounding in nutritious mucilage, are much used for
soups, stews, or pickles; gumbo.</def> [Written also <i>ocra</i> and
<i>ochra</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>-ol</hw> (?). [From alcoh<i>ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
suffix denoting that the substance in the name of which it appears
belongs to the series of <i>alcohols</i> or <i>hydroxyl
derivatives</i>, as carbin<i>ol</i>, glycer<i>ol</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1000 !></p>

<p><hw>||O"lay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Tamil
<i>&omacr;lai</i>.] <def>Palm leaves, prepared for being written upon
with a style pointed with steel.</def> [Written also <i>ola</i>.]
<i>Balfour (Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Old</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Open country.</def>
[Obs.] See <u>World</u>.  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Old</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Older</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Oldest</u>.] [OE.
<i>old</i>, <i>ald</i>, AS. <i>ald</i>, <i>eald</i>; akin to D.
<i>oud</i>, OS. <i>ald</i>, OFries. <i>ald</i>, <i>old</i>, G.
<i>alt</i>, Goth. <i>alpeis</i>, and also to Goth. <i>alan</i> to
grow up, Icel. <i>ala</i> to bear, produce, bring up, L. <i>alere</i>
to nourish.  Cf. <u>Adult</u>, <u>Alderman</u>, <u>Aliment</u>,
<u>Auld</u>, <u>Elder</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not young; advanced far in years or life;
having lived till toward the end of the ordinary term of living; as,
an <i>old</i> man; an <i>old</i> age; an <i>old</i> horse; an
<i>old</i> tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not <i>old</i> age disgrace my high
desire.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The melancholy news that we grow
<i>old</i>.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not new or fresh; not recently made or
produced; having existed for a long time; as, <i>old</i> wine; an
<i>old</i> friendship.</def> "An <i>old</i> acquaintance."
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Formerly existing; ancient; not modern;
preceding; original; as, an <i>old</i> law; an <i>old</i> custom; an
<i>old</i> promise.</def> "The <i>old</i> schools of Greece."
<i>Milton.</i> "The character of the <i>old</i> Ligurians."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Continued in life; advanced in the course
of existence; having (a certain) length of existence; -- designating
the age of a person or thing; as, an infant a few hours <i>old</i>; a
cathedral centuries <i>old</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Pharaoh said unto Jacob, How <i>old</i> art
thou?</blockquote> <i>Cen. xlvii. 8.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this use <i>old</i> regularly follows the noun that
designates the age; as, she was eight years <i>old</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Long practiced; hence, skilled;
experienced; cunning; as, an <i>old</i> offender; <i>old</i> in
vice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vane, young in years, but in sage counsel
<i>old</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Long cultivated; as, an <i>old</i> farm;
<i>old</i> land, as opposed to <i>new</i> land, that is, to land
lately cleared.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Worn out; weakened or exhausted by use;
past usefulness; as, <i>old</i> shoes; <i>old</i> clothes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>More than enough; abundant.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If a man were porter of hell gate, he should have
<i>old</i> turning the key.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Aged; antiquated; hence, wanting in the
mental vigor or other qualities belonging to youth; -- used
disparagingly as a term of reproach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Old-fashioned; wonted; customary; as of
<i>old</i>; as, the good <i>old</i> times; hence, colloquially, gay;
jolly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Used colloquially as a term of cordiality
and familiarity.</def> "Go thy ways, <i>old</i> lad."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Old age</b></col>, <cd>advanced years; the latter period
of life.</cd> -- <col><b>Old bachelor</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Bachelor</u>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Old Catholics</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Catholic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Old English</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>English</u>. <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Old
Nick</b></col>, <col><b>Old Scratch</b></col>, <cd>the devil.</cd> --
<col><b>Old lady</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large European
noctuid moth (<i>Mormo maura</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Old
maid</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A woman, somewhat advanced in
years, who has never been married; a spinster</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A West Indian name for the
pink-flowered periwinkle (<i>Vinca rosea</i>).</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A simple game of cards, played by matching
them. The person with whom the odd card is left is the <i>old
maid</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Old man's beard</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The traveler's joy (<i>Clematis Vitalba</i>).
So named from the abundant long feathery awns of its fruit.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The <i>Tillandsia usneoides</i>. See
<u>Tillandsia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Old man's head</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a columnar cactus (<i>Pilocereus senilis</i>),
native of Mexico, covered towards the top with long white hairs.</cd>
-- <col><b>Old red sandstone</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a series
of red sandstone rocks situated below the rocks of the Carboniferous
age and comprising various strata of siliceous sandstones and
conglomerates. See <u>Sandstone</u>, and the <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Old school</b></col>, <cd>a school or
party belonging to a former time, or preserving the character,
manner, or opinions of a former time; as, a gentleman of the <i>old
school</i>; -- used also adjectively; as, <i>Old-School</i>
Presbyterians.</cd> -- <col><b>Old sledge</b></col>, <cd>an old and
well-known game of cards, called also <i>all fours</i>, and <i>high,
low, Jack, and the game</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Old squaw</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a duck (<i>Clangula hyemalis</i>) inhabiting
the northern parts of both hemispheres. The adult male is varied with
black and white and is remarkable for the length of its tail. Called
also <i>longtailed duck</i>, <i>south southerly</i>, <i>callow</i>,
<i>hareld</i>, and <i>old wife</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Old
style</b></col>. <i>(Chron.)</i> <cd>See the Note under
<u>Style</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Old Testament</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Testament</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Old wife</b></col>. [In the senses
<sd><i>b</i></sd> and <sd><i>c</i></sd>written also <i>oldwife</i>.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A prating old woman; a gossip.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Refuse profane and <i>old wives'</i>
fables.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. iv. 7.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>The local name of
various fishes, as the European black sea bream (<i>Cantharus
lineatus</i>), the American alewife, etc.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A duck; the old squaw.</cd> -- <col><b>Old
World</b></col>, <cd>the Eastern Hemisphere.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Aged; ancient; pristine; primitive; antique;
antiquated; old-fashioned; obsolete. See <u>Ancient</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Old"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Old; ancient; as,
the <i>olden</i> time.</def> "A minstrel of the <i>olden</i> stamp."
<i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Old"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow old; to
age.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She had <i>oldened</i> in that time.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Old`-fash"ioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed
according to old or obsolete fashion or pattern; adhering to old
customs or ideas; as, an <i>old-fashioned</i> dress, girl.</def>
"<i>Old-fashioned</i> men of wit."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>old-fashioned</i>, quaint abode.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Old`-gen"tle*man*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to an old gentleman, or like one.</def>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Old"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
old.</def></p>

<p><hw>Old` lang syne"</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Auld lang
syne</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Old`-maid"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like an old
maid; prim; precise; particular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Old`-maid"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition or characteristics of an old maid.</def>  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Old"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being old; old age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Old"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Youngster</u>.] <def>An old person.</def> [Jocular]  <i>H.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Old`-wom`an*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like an
old woman; anile.</def> -- <wf>Old`-wom"an*ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||O"le*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. olive. See
<u>Olive</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees including the
olive.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Chinese <i>Olea fragrans</i>, noted for its fragrance,
and the American devilwood (<i>Olea Americana</i>) are now usually
referred to another genus (<i>Osmanthus</i>).</p>

<p><hw>O`le*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ol&eacute;aceus</i> of the olive tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of plants
(<i>Oleace&aelig;</i>), mostly trees and shrubs, of which the olive
is the type. It includes also the ash, the lilac, the true jasmine,
and fringe tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`le*ag`i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oleaginus</i>, <i>oleagineus</i>, belonging to the olive, fr.
<i>olea</i> olive: cf. F. <i>ol&eacute;agineux</i>. See <u>Olive</u>,
<u>Oil</u>.] <def>Having the nature or qualities of oil; oily;
unctuous.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`le*ag`i*nous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Oiliness.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||O`le*a"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A soft ointment prepared from oil.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`le*an"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ol&eacute;andre</i> (cf. It. <i>oleandro</i>, LL.
<i>lorandrum</i>), prob. corrupted, under the influence of
<i>laurus</i> laurel, fr. L. <i>rhododendron</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; rose +
&?; tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A beautiful evergreen shrub of the
Dogbane family, having clusters of fragrant red or white flowers. It
is native of the East Indies, but the red variety has become common
in the south of Europe. Called also <i>rosebay</i>, <i>rose
laurel</i>, and <i>South-sea rose</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Every part of the plant is dangerously poisonous, and death
has occured from using its wood for skewers in cooking meat.</p>

<p><hw>O`le*an"drine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>One of several alkaloids found in the leaves of the
oleander.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`le*as"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>olea</i> olive tree. See <u>Olive</u>, <u>Oil</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The wild olive tree (<i>Olea Europea</i>,
var. <i>sylvestris</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any species
of the genus <i>El&aelig;agus</i>. See <u>Eleagnus</u>. The small
silvery berries of the common species (<i>El&aelig;agnus
hortensis</i>) are called <i>Trebizond dates</i>, and are made into
cakes by the Arabs.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"le*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>ol&eacute;ate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of oleic acid. Some
oleates, as the oleate of mercury, are used in medicine by way of
inunction.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*lec"ra*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the olecranon.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*lec"ra*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;;
&?; elbow + <grk>krani`on</grk> the head.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
large process at the proximal end of the ulna which projects behind
the articulation with the humerus and forms the bony prominence of
the elbow.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*le"fi*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ol&eacute;fiant</i>, fr.L. <i>oleum</i> oil + <i>-ficare</i> (in
comp.).  Cf. <u>-Fy</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Forming or producing an
oil; specifically, designating a colorless gaseous hydrocarbon called
<i>ethylene</i>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>O"le*fine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Olefiant</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Olefiant gas, or ethylene;
hence, by extension, any one of the series of unsaturated
hydrocarbons of which ethylene is a type. See
<u>Ethylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"le*ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oleum</i> oil:
cf. F. <i>ol&eacute;ique</i>.] <i>(Physiol.Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, derived from, or contained in, oil; as, <i>oleic</i> acid, an
acid of the acrylic acid series found combined with glyceryl in the
form of olein in certain animal and vegetable fats and oils, such as
sperm oil, olive oil, etc. At low temperatures the acid is
crystalline, but melts to an oily liquid above 14&?; C.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`le*if`er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oleum</i>
oil + <i>-ferous</i>: cf.F. <i>ol&eacute;if&eacute;re</i>.]
<def>Producing oil; as, <i>oleiferous</i> seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"le*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>oleum</i> oil:
cf. F. <i>ol&eacute;ine</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A fat,
liquid at ordinary temperatures, but solidifying at temperatures
below 0&deg; C., found abundantly in both the animal and vegetable
kingdoms (see <u>Palmitin</u>). It dissolves solid fats, especially
at 30-40&deg; C. Chemically, olein is a glyceride of oleic acid; and,
as three molecules of the acid are united to one molecule of glyceryl
to form the fat, it is technically known as <i>triolein</i>. It is
also called <i>elain</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>olens</i>, p. pr.
of <i>olere</i> to smell.] <def>Scented.</def> [R.]  <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`le*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>oleum</i>
oil + <i>-graph</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The form or figure assumed
by a drop of oil when placed upon water or some other liquid with
which it does not mix.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Painting)</i> <def>A picture produced in
oils by a process analogous to that of lithographic
printing.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`le*o*mar"ga*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oleum</i> oil + E. <i>margarine</i>, <i>margarin</i>.] [Written
also <i>oleomargarin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A liquid oil made
from animal fats (esp. beef fat) by separating the greater portion of
the solid fat or stearin, by crystallization. It is mainly a mixture
of olein and palmitin with some little stearin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An artificial butter made by churning this
oil with more or less milk.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Oleomargarine was wrongly so named, as it contains no
<i>margarin</i> proper, but olein, palmitin, and stearin, a mixture
of palmitin and stearin having formerly been called <i>margarin</i>
by mistake.</p>

<p><hw>O`le*om`e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>oleum</i>
oil + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An instrument for
ascertaining the weight and purity of oil; an elaiometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"le*one</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>oleum + -
one</i>, 1.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oily liquid, obtained by
distillation of calcium oleate, and probably consisting of the ketone
of oleic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`le*op"tene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>oleum</i>
oil + Cr. &?; fleeting.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Eleoptene</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>O`le*o*res"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>oleum</i>
oil + E. <i>resin</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A natural mixture of a
terebinthinate oil and a resin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A liquid or semiliquid
preparation extracted (as from capsicum, cubebs, or ginger) by means
of ether, and consisting of fixed or volatile oil holding resin in
solution.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>O`le*o*res"in*ous</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>O"le*ose`</hw> (?), <hw>O"le*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oleosus</i>, fr. <i>oleum</i> oil.]
<def>Oily.</def> [R.]  <i>Ray. Floyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`le*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being oily or fat; fatness.</def> [R.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ol`er*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oleraceus</i>, from <i>olus</i>, <i>oleris</i>, garden or pot
herbs, vegetables.] <def>Pertaining to pot herbs; of the nature or
having the qualities of herbs for cookery; esculent.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Olf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European bullfinch.</def>
[Prov.Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ol*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Olfactory</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The sense by which the
impressions made on the olfactory organs by the odorous particles in
the atmosphere are perceived.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol*fac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Olfactory</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ol*fac"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A smelling
organ; a nose.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ol*fac"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>olfactus</i>, p. p. of <i>olfacere</i> to smell; <i>olere</i> to
have a smell + <i>facere</i> to make. See <u>Odor</u>, and
<u>Fact</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or connected
with, the sense of smell; as, the <i>olfactory</i> nerves; the
<i>olfactory</i> cells.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Olfactory organ</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>an organ for
smelling. In vertebrates the olfactory organs are more or less
complicated sacs, situated in the front part of the head and lined
with epithelium innervated by the <i>olfactory</i> (or first cranial)
<i>nerves</i>, and sensitive to odoriferous particles conveyed to it
in the air or in water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ol*fac"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Olfactories</b></plw> (&?;). <def>An olfactory organ; also,
the sense of smell; -- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*ban</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Olibanum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*lib"a*num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. Ar.
<i>al-luban</i> frankincense; cf.Gr. &?;, &?;, of Semitic origin.]
<def>The fragrant gum resin of various species of <i>Boswellia</i>;
Oriental frankincense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*bene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
colorless mobile liquid of a pleasant aromatic odor obtained by the
distillation of olibanum, or frankincense, and regarded as a terpene;
-- called also <i>conimene</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ol"id</hw> (?), <hw>Ol"i*dous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>olidus</i>, fr. <i>olere</i> to smell.]
<def>Having a strong, disagreeable smell; fetid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle. Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*fant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An elephant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ancient horn, made of ivory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*gan"drous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oligo-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, man, male.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having few
stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*gan"thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oligo-</i> +
Gr. &?; flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having few flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*garch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of an
oligarchy; one of the rulers in an oligarchical government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*gar"chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Oligarchic.</def>  <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ol`i*gar"chic</hw> (?), <hw>Ol`i*gar"chic*al</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>oligarchique</i>. See
<u>Oligarchy</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to oligarchy, or government
by a few.</def> "<i>Oligarchical</i> exiles."  <i>Jowett (Thucyd.
).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*gar`chist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate
or supporter of oligarchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*gar"chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oligarchies</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?;; &?; few, little + &?; to
rule, govern: cf.F. <i>oligarchie</i>.] <def>A form of government in
which the supreme power is placed in the hands of a few persons;
also, those who form the ruling few.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>oligarchies</i>, wherein a few men domineer, do
what they list.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Oligist</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Hematite or specular iron
ore; -- prob. so called in allusion to its <i>feeble</i> magnetism,
as compared with magnetite.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ol"i*gist</hw> (?), <hw>Ol`i*gis"tic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, superl. of &?; few, little: cf. F.
<i>oligiste</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
hematite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*go-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr. &?;,
<i>few</i>, <i>little</i>, <i>small</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*go*cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oligo-</i> +
Gr. &?; new, recent.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, certain strata which occupy an intermediate position
between the Eocene and Miocene periods.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The Oligocene period. See the <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ol`i*go*ch&aelig;"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; little, pl., few + &?; hair.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of Annelida which includes the earthworms and related
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*go*chete</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Oligoch&aelig;ta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*go*clase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oligo-</i> +
Gr. &?; fracture, fr. &?; to break.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A triclinic
soda-lime feldspar. See <u>Feldspar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*gom"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oligo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; part.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having few members in each set of
organs; as, an <i>oligomerous</i> flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*go"my*old</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oligo-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, a muscle + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having few
or imperfect syringeal muscles; -- said of some passerine birds
(<i>Oligomyodi</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*go*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oligo-
</i> + <i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having few petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*go*sep"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oligo-
</i> + <i>sepal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having few sepals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*go*sid"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oligo-
</i> + <i>siderite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A meteorite characterized
by the presence of but a small amount of metallic iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*go*sper"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oligo-
</i> + Gr. &?; a seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having few
seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*got"o*kous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oligo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; offspring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing few
young.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1001 !></p>

<p><hw>O"li*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>olla</i> a round
earthen pot, a dish of boiled or stewed meat, fr. L. <i>olla</i> a
pot, dish.  Cf. <u>Olla</u>, <u>Olla-podrida</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A dish of stewed meat of different kinds.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Besides a good <i>olio</i>, the dishes were
trifling.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mixture; a medley.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A collection of
miscellaneous pieces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>olitorius</i>
belonging to a kitchen gardener, or to vegetables, fr. <i>olitor</i>
a kitchen gardener, fr. <i>olus</i>, <i>oleris</i>, vegetables.]
<def>Of or pertaining to, or produced in, a kitchen garden; used for
kitchen purposes; as, <i>olitory</i> seeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At convenient distance towards the <i>olitory</i>
garden.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>||O*li"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. an olive.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of polished marine gastropod shells,
chiefly tropical, and often beautifully colored.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*va"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oliva</i>
olive.] <def>Resembling the olive; of the color of the olive; olive-
green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*va*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>olivarius</i>
belonging to olives, fr. <i>oliva</i> an olive: cf. F.
<i>olivaire</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Like an olive.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Olivary body</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>an oval
prominence on each side of the medulla oblongata; -- called also
<i>olive</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*vas"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oliva</i>
olive: cf.F. <i>oliv&acirc;tre</i>.] <def>Of the color of the olive;
tawny.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ol"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>oliva</i>, akin to Gr. &?;. See <u>Oil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tree (<i>Olea
Europ&aelig;a</i>) with small oblong or elliptical leaves, axillary
clusters of flowers, and oval, one-seeded drupes. The tree has been
cultivated for its fruit for thousands of years, and its branches are
the emblems of peace. The wood is yellowish brown and beautifully
variegated.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The fruit of the olive. It
has been much improved by cultivation, and is used for making
pickles. Olive oil is pressed from its flesh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any shell of the genus Oliva and allied genera; -- so called
from the form. See <u>Oliva</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
oyster catcher.</def> [Prov.Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The color of the
olive, a peculiar dark brownish, yellowish, or tawny green.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the tertiary colors, composed of
violet and green mixed in equal strength and proportion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An olivary body. See under
<u>Olivary</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A small slice of meat
seasoned, rolled up, and cooked; as, <i>olives</i> of beef or
veal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Olive</i> is sometimes used adjectively and in the
formation of self-explaining compounds; as, <i>olive</i> brown,
<i>olive</i> green, <i>olive</i>-colored, <i>olive</i>-skinned,
<i>olive</i> crown, <i>olive</i> garden, <i>olive</i> tree,
<i>olive</i> yard, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Bohemian olive</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of
<i>El&aelig;agnus</i> (<i>E. angustifolia</i>), the flowers of which
are sometimes used in Southern Europe as a remedy for fevers.</cd> --
<col><b>Olive branch</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A branch of
the olive tree, considered an emblem of peace</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Fig.: A child.</cd> -- <col><b>Olive
brown</b></col>, <cd>brown with a tinge of green.</cd> --
<col><b>Olive green</b></col>, <cd>a dark brownish green, like the
color of the olive.</cd> -- <col><b>Olive oil</b></col>, <cd>an oil
expressed from the ripe fruit of the olive, and much used as a salad
oil, also in medicine and the arts.</cd> -- <col><b>Olive
ore</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>olivenite.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild
olive</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to the oleaster or
wild stock of the olive; also variously to several trees more or less
resembling the olive.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ol"ive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Approaching the color
of the olive; of a peculiar dark brownish, yellowish, or tawny
green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"ived</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Decorated or
furnished with olive trees.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*liv"en*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>An olive-green mineral, a hydrous arseniate of copper; olive
ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[OF. <i>oliviere</i>.] <def>An olive grove.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>olivier</i>.] <def>An olive tree.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*ver</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small tilt hammer,
worked by the foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*ve"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng.
Hist.)</i> <def>An adherent of <i>Oliver</i> Cromwell.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ol`ive*wood"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The wood of the olive.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An Australian name given to the hard white
wood of certain trees of the genus <i>El&aelig;odendron</i>, and also
to the trees themselves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol`i*vil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>olivile</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline substance,
obtained from an exudation from the olive, and having a bitter-sweet
taste and acid proporties.</def> [Written also <i>olivile</i>.]
<i>Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*vin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
complex bitter gum, found on the leaves of the olive tree; -- called
also <i>olivite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>olivine</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A common name of the yellowish
green mineral chrysolite, esp. the variety found in eruptive
rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"i*vite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Olivin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ol"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Olio</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pot or jar having a wide mouth; a cinerary
urn, especially one of baked clay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dish of stewed meat; an olio; an olla-
podrida.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ol`la-po*dri"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., lit., a
rotten pot. See <u>Olio</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A favorite
Spanish dish, consisting of a mixture of several kinds of meat
chopped fine, and stewed with vegetables.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any incongruous mixture or miscellaneous
collection; an olio.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>-logy</u>.]
<def>A colloquial or humorous name for any science or branch of
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had a smattering of mechanics, of physiology,
geology, mineralogy, and all other <i>ologies</i>
whatsoever.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ol"pe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<def>Originally, a leather flask or vessel for oils or liquids;
afterward, an earthenware vase or pitcher without a spout.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*lu"sa*trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>holusatrum</i>, <i>olusatrum</i>; <i>olus</i> garden herb +
<i>ater</i> black.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An umbelliferous plant, the
common Alexanders of Western Europe (<i>Smyrnium
Olusatrum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>O*lym"pi*ad</hw> (&osl;*l&ibreve;m"p&ibreve;*&abreve;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>olympias</i>, <i>-adis</i>, Gr.
<grk>'olympia`s</grk>, <grk>-a`dos</grk>, fr. <grk>'O`lympos</grk>
Olympus, a mountain in Macedonia: cf. F. <i>olympiade</i>.] <i>(Greek
Antiq.)</i> <def>A period of four years, by which the ancient Greeks
reckoned time, being the interval from one celebration of the Olympic
games to another, beginning with the victory of Cor&oelig;bus in the
foot race, which took place in the year 776 b.c.; as, the era of the
<i>olympiads</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O*lym"pi*an</hw> (-<i>a</i>n), <hw>O*lym"pic</hw> (-
p&ibreve;k), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Olympius</i>,
<i>Olympicus</i>, Gr. <grk>'Oly`mpios</grk>, <grk>'Olympiko`s</grk>,
fr. <grk>'O`lympos</grk>: cf. F. <i>olympique</i>. See
<u>Olympiad</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Olympus, a mountain of
Thessaly, fabled as the seat of the gods, or to Olympia, a small
plain in Elis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Olympic games</b></col>, or <col><b>Olympics</b></col>
<i>(Greek Antiq.)</i>, <cd>the greatest of the national festivals of
the ancient Greeks, consisting of athletic games and races, dedicated
to Olympian Zeus, celebrated once in four years at Olympia, and
continuing five days.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O*lym`pi*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
conqueror in the Olympic games.] <def>An ode in honor of a victor in
the Olympic games.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>-o"ma</hw> (?). [Gr. &?;, &?;.] <def>A suffix used in medical
terms to denote a <i>morbid condition</i> of some part, usually some
kind of tumor; as in fibr<i>oma</i>, glauc<i>oma</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Om"a*gra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
shoulder + &?; seizure.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Gout in the
shoulder.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ma*has"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Omaha</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians who inhabited the south side of the Missouri River. They are
now partly civilized and occupy a reservation in Nebraska.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*man"der wood`</hw> (?). [Etymol. uncertain.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The wood of <i>Diospyros ebenaster</i>, a kind of ebony found in
Ceylon.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*ma"sum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The third division of the stomach of ruminants. See
<u>Manyplies</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Ruminant</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Om"ber</hw>, <hw>Om"bre</hw>} (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>hombre</i>, fr. Sp. <i>hombre</i>, lit., a man, fr. L.
<i>homo</i>. See <u>Human</u>.] <def>A game at cards, borrowed from
the Spaniards, and usually played by three persons.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>ombre</i> calls, his hand and heart are
free,<BR>
And, joined to two, he fails not to make three.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om"bre</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., of uncertain origin.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large Mediterranean food fish (<i>Umbrina
cirrhosa</i>): -- called also <i>umbra</i>, and
<i>umbrine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om*brom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; rain +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>ombrom&eacute;tre</i>.] <i>(Meteorol.)</i>
<def>An instrument for measuring the rain that falls; a rain
gauge.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*me"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
i.e., the great or long o.  Cf. <u>Mickle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The last letter of the Greek alphabet. See
<u>Alpha</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The last; the end; hence, death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>Omega</i>! thou art Lord," they said.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Alpha and Omega</b></col>, <cd>the beginning and the
ending; hence, the chief, the whole.</cd>  <i>Rev. i. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The alpha and <i>omega</i> of science.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*me"goid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Omega</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Having the form of the Greek capital letter Omega
(&OMEGA;).</def></p>

<p><hw>Om"e*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>omelette</i>,
OF. <i>amelette</i>, <i>alumete</i>, <i>alumelle</i>, perh. fr. L.
<i>lamella</i>.  Cf. <u>Lamella</u>.] <def>Eggs beaten up with a
little flour, etc., and cooked in a frying pan; as, a plain
<i>omelet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>omen</i>, the
original form being <i>osmen</i>, according to Varro.] <def>An
occurrence supposed to portend, or show the character of, some future
event; any indication or action regarded as a foreshowing; a
foreboding; a presage; an augury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid go with evil <i>omen</i>, and the brand<BR>
Of infamy upon my name.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"men</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Omened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Omening</u>.] <def>To divine or to foreshow by signs or portents;
to have omens or premonitions regarding; to predict; to augur; as, to
<i>omen</i> ill of an enterprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The yet unknown verdict, of which, however, all
<i>omened</i> the tragical contents.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"mened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Attended by, or
containing, an omen or omens; as, happy-<i>omened</i> day.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to an omentum or the omenta.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*men"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Omenta</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A free fold of
the peritoneum, or one serving to connect viscera, support blood
vessels, etc.; an epiplo&ouml;n.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>great</i>, or <i>gastrocolic</i>, <i>omentum</i>
forms, in most mammals, a great sac, which is attached to the stomach
and transverse colon, is loaded with fat, and covers more or less of
the intestines; the caul. The <i>lesser</i>, or <i>gastrohepatic</i>,
<i>omentum</i> connects the stomach and liver and contains the
hepatic vessels. The <i>gastrosplenic omentum</i>, or
<i>ligament</i>, connects the stomach and spleen.</p>

<p><hw>O"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Homer</u>.]
<def>A Hebrew measure, the tenth of an ephah. See <u>Ephah</u>.</def>
<i>Ex. xvi. 36.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om`i*let"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Homiletical.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Om"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ominatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ominari</i> to presage, fr.
<i>omen</i>.] <def>To presage; to foreshow; to foretoken.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ominatio</i>.] <def>The act of ominating; presaging.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ominosus</i>,
fr. <i>omen</i>. See <u>Omen</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to an omen
or to omens; being or exhibiting an omen; significant; portentous; --
formerly used both in a favorable and unfavorable sense; now chiefly
in the latter; foreboding or foreshowing evil; inauspicious; as, an
<i>ominous</i> dread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had a good <i>ominous</i> name to have made a
peace.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the heathen worship of God, a sacrifice without a
heart was accounted <i>ominous</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Om"i*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Om"i*nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O*mis"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being omitted; that may be omitted.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>omissio</i>:
cf. F. <i>omission</i>. See <u>Omit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of omitting; neglect or failure to do something required by
propriety or duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most natural division of all offenses is into
those of <i>omission</i> and those of commission.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is omitted or is left
undone.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*mis"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Omit</u>.]
<def>Leaving out; omitting.</def> <i>Bp. Hall.</i> --
<wf>O*mis"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Omitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Omitting</u>.] [L. <i>omittere</i>, <i>omissum</i>; <i>ob</i> (see
<u>Ob-</u> + <i>mittere</i> to cause to go, let go, send. See
<u>Mission</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let go; to leave
unmentioned; not to insert or name; to drop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These personal comparisons I <i>omit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass by; to forbear or fail to perform
or to make use of; to leave undone; to neglect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her father <i>omitted</i> nothing in her education
that might make her the most accomplished woman of her
age.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*mit"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
omitting, or the state of being omitted; forbearance; neglect.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*mit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
omits.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om`ma*te"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to an ommateum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Om`ma*te"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ommatea</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, the eye.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A compound eye, as of insects and
crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Om`ma*tid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ommatidia</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of Gr. &?;, &?;, the
eye.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the single eyes forming the
compound eyes of crustaceans, insects, and other
invertebrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om"ni-</hw> (?). [L. <i>omnis</i> all.] <def>A combining form
denoting <i>all</i>, <i>every</i>, <i>everywhere</i>; as in
<i>omni</i>potent, all-powerful; <i>omni</i>present.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om"ni*bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., for all, dat.
pl. from <i>omnis</i> all.  Cf. <u>Bus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A long four-wheeled carriage, having seats for many people;
especially, one with seats running lengthwise, used in conveying
passengers short distances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Glass Making)</i> <def>A sheet-iron cover
for articles in a leer or annealing arch, to protect them from
drafts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Omnibus bill</b></col>, a legislative bill which provides
for a number of miscellaneous enactments or appropriations.
[Parliamentary Cant, U.S.] -- <col><b>Omnibus box</b></col>, <cd>a
large box in a theater, on a level with the stage and having
communication with it.</cd> [Eng.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*cor*po"re*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Omni-
</i> + <i>corporeal</i>.] <def>Comprehending or including all bodies;
embracing all substance.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om*ni"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
all-pervading or all-comprehensive; hence, the Deity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Omniety</i> formed nullity into an
essence.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*fa"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>omnifarius</i>; <i>omnis</i> all + <i>-farius</i>.  Cf.
<u>Bifarious</u>.] <def>Of all varieties, forms, or kinds.</def>
"<i>Omnifarious</i> learning."  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>omnifer</i>; <i>omnis</i> all + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>All-
bearing; producing all kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om*nif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Omni-</i> + L.
<i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make.] <def>All-creating.</def> "The
<i>omnific</i> word."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om"ni*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>omniformis</i>; <i>omnis</i> all + <i>forma</i> form: cf. F.
<i>omniforme</i>.] <def>Having every form or shape.</def>
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*for"mi*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition or quality of having every form.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Omni-</i> +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To render universal; to enlarge.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Omnify</i> the disputed point into a transcendent,
and you may defy the opponent to lay hold of it.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om*nig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>omniqenus</i>; <i>omnis</i> all + <i>genus</i> kind.]
<def>Consisting of all kinds.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Om"ni*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Omni-</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>A pantograph.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*pa"ri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>omniparens</i> all-producing; <i>omnis</i> all + <i>parere</i> to
bring forth.] <def>Producing or bringing forth all things; all-
producing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*par"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Omni-</i> +
<i>-parity</i>.] <def>Equality in every part; general
equality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om*nip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Omniparient</u>.] <def>Producing all things;
omniparient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*pa"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Omni-</i> +
<i>patient</i>.] <def>Capable of enduring all things.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Om`ni*per*cip"i*ence</hw> (?),
<hw>Om`ni*per*cip"i*en*cy</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Perception of everything.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*per*cip"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Omni-
</i> + <i>percipient</i>.] <def>Perceiving everything.</def>  <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Om*nip"o*tence</hw> (?), <hw>Om*nip"o*ten*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>omnipotentia</i>: cf.F.
<i>omnipotence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being
omnipotent; almighty power; hence, one who is omnipotent; the
Deity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will <i>Omnipotence</i> neglect to save<BR>
The suffering virtue of the wise and brave?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unlimited power of a particular kind; as,
love's <i>omnipotence</i>.</def>  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om*nip"o*tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr.L.
<i>omnipotens</i>, <i>-entis</i>; <i>omnis</i> all + <i>potens</i>
powerful, potent. See <u>Potent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Able in
every respect and for every work; unlimited in ability; all-powerful;
almighty; as, the Being that can create worlds must be
<i>omnipotent</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God's will and pleasure and his <i>omnipotent</i>
power.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having unlimited power of a particular
kind; as, <i>omnipotent</i> love.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Omnipotent, The Almighty; God.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om*nip"o*tent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
omnipotent manner.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1002 !></p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*pres"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>omnipr&eacute;sence</i>.] <def>Presence in every place at the same
time; unbounded or universal presence; ubiquity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>omnipresence</i> fills<BR>
Land, sea, and air, and every kind that lives.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*pres"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Omnipresence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*pres"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Omni-</i> +
<i>present</i>: cf.F. <i>omnipr&eacute;sent</i>.] <def>Present in all
places at the same time; ubiquitous; as, the <i>omnipresent</i>
Jehovah.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*pre*sen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Implying universal presence.</def> [R.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*prev"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Omni-</i>
+ <i>prevalent</i>.] <def>Prevalent everywhere or in all
things.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om*nis"cience</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>omniscience</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being omniscient; -
- an attribute peculiar to God.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om*nis"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Omniscience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om*nis"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Omni-</i> + L.
<i>sciens</i>, -<i>entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>scire</i> to know: cf. F.
<i>omniscient</i>. See <u>Science</u>.] <def>Having universal
knowledge; knowing all things; infinitely knowing or wise; as, the
<i>omniscient</i> God.</def> -- <wf>Om*nis"cient*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>For what can scape the eye<BR>
Of God all-seeing, or deceive his heart<BR>
<i>Omniscient</i>?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om*nis"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>omniscius</i>. See <u>Omniscient</u>.] <def>All-knowing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*spec"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Omni-</i> +
L. <i>spectus</i>, p. p. of <i>specere</i>, <i>spicere</i>, to view.]
<def>Beholding everything; capable of seeing all things; all-
seeing.</def> [R.] "<i>Omnispective</i> Power!"  <i>Boyse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., of all, gen. pl.
of <i>omnis</i> all.] <i>(Eng.Stock Exchange)</i> <def>The aggregate
value of the different stocks in which a loan to government is now
usually funded.</def>  <i>M'Culloch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om`ni*um-gath"er*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A
macaronic compound of L. <i>omnium</i>, gen.pl. of <i>omnis</i> all,
and E. <i>gather</i>.] <def>A miscellaneous collection of things or
persons; a confused mixture; a medley.</def> [Colloq. &amp; Humorous]
<i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om*niv"a*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Omni</i> + L.
<i>vagans</i>, p. pr. of <i>vagari</i> to wander.] <def>Wandering
anywhere and everywhere.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Om*niv"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Omnivorous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of ungulate
mammals including the hog and the hippopotamus. The term is also
sometimes applied to the bears, and to certain passerine
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om*niv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>omnivorus</i>; <i>omnis</i> all + <i>vorate</i> to eat greedily.
See <u>Voracious</u>.] <def>All-devouring; eating everything
indiscriminately; as, <i>omnivorous</i> vanity; esp.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, eating both animal and vegetable food.</def> --
<wf>Om*niv"o*rous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"mo-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; the shoulder.] <def>A combining form
used in anatomy to indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation
to</i>, <i>the shoulder</i> or <i>the scapula</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`mo*hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Omo-</i> +
<i>hyoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the shoulder
and the hyoid bone; as, the <i>omohyoid</i> muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"mo*phag"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; raw
+ &?; to eat.] <def>Eating raw flesh; using uncooked meat as food;
as, <i>omophagic</i> feasts, rites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om"o*plate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from Gr. &?;.
See <u>Omo-</u>, and <u>Plate</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The shoulder
blade, or scapula.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*mos"te*gite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Omo-</i> +
Gr. &?; a roof.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The part of the carapace of
a crustacean situated behind the cervical groove.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`mo*ster"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the omosternum.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`mo*ster"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Omo-</i> +
<i>sternum</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The anterior
element of the sternum which projects forward from between the
clavicles in many batrachians and is usually tipped with
cartilage.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In many mammals, an
interarticular cartilage, or bone, between the sternum and the
clavicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om"pha*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from &?;
an unripe grape or olive: cf.F. <i>omphacin</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining
to, or expressed from, unripe fruit; as, <i>omphacine</i>
oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om*phal"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; having a boss,
bossy, fr. &?; the navel. See <u>Navel</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the umbilicus, or navel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om"pha*lo-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; the navel.] <def>A combining
form indicating <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the
umbilicus</i>, or <i>navel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om"pha*lo*cele`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
navel + &?; a tumor: cf.F. <i>omphaloc&eacute;le</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A hernia at the navel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om"pha*lode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Omphalo-</i> +
Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The central part of the hilum of a
seed, through which the nutrient vessels pass into the rhaphe or the
chalaza; -- called also <i>omphalodium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om"pha*lo*man"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Omphalo-
</i> + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by means of a child's navel,
to learn how many children the mother may have.</def>
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Om`pha*lo*mes`a*ra"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Omphalo-</i> + <i>mesaraic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Omphalomesenteric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om`pha*lo*mes`en*ter"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Omphalo-</i> + <i>mesenteric</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the umbilicus and mesentery; omphalomesaraic; as, the
<i>omphalomesenteric</i> arteries and veins of a fetus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om`pha*lop"sy*chite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Omphalo-</i> + Gr. &?; breath, spirit, soul: cf. F.
<i>omphalopsyque</i>.] <i>(Eccl.Hist.)</i> <def>A name of the
Hesychasts, from their habit of gazing upon the navel.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Om`pha*lop"ter</hw> (?), <hw>Om`pha*lop"tic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the navel + &?; one who looks, &?;
belonging to sight: cf.F. <i>omphaloptre</i>.] <def>An optical glass
that is convex on both sides.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Om"pha*los</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The navel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Om`pha*lot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
the navel + &?; to cut: cf. F. <i>omphalotomie</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>The operation of dividing the navel-string.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mellow, as
land.</def> [Prov.Eng.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>On</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>on</i>,
<i>an</i>, <i>o</i>, <i>a</i>, AS. <i>on</i>, <i>an</i>; akin to D.
<i>aan</i>, OS. &amp; G. <i>an</i>, OHG. <i>ana</i>, Icel.
<i>&amacr;</i>, Sw. &aring;, Goth. <i>ana</i>, Russ. <i>na</i>, L.
<i>an-</i>, in <i>anhelare</i> to pant, Gr. <grk>'ana`</grk>, Zend
<i>ana</i>.  &radic;195.  Cf. <u>A-</u>, 1, <u>Ana-</u>,
<u>Anon</u>.] <def>The general signification of <i>on</i> is
situation, motion, or condition with respect to contact or support
beneath</def>; as: --</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At, or in contact with, the surface or
upper part of a thing, and supported by it; placed or lying in
contact with the surface; as, the book lies <i>on</i> the table,
which stands <i>on</i> the floor of a house <i>on</i> an
island.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I stood <i>on</i> the bridge at midnight.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To or against the surface of; -- used to
indicate the motion of a thing as coming or falling to the surface of
another; as, rain falls <i>on</i> the earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever shall fall <i>on</i> this stone shall be
broken.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxi. 44.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Denoting performance or action by contact
with the surface, upper part, or outside of anything; hence, by means
of; with; as, to play <i>on</i> a violin or piano. Hence,
figuratively, to work <i>on</i> one's feelings; to make an impression
<i>on</i> the mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>At or near; adjacent to; -- indicating
situation, place, or position; as, <i>on</i> the one hand, <i>on</i>
the other hand; the fleet is <i>on</i> the American coast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In addition to; besides; -- indicating
multiplication or succession in a series; as, heaps <i>on</i> heaps;
mischief <i>on</i> mischief; loss <i>on</i> loss; thought <i>on</i>
thought.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Indicating dependence or reliance; with
confidence in; as, to depend <i>on</i> a person for assistance; to
rely <i>on</i>; hence, indicating the ground or support of anything;
as, he will promise <i>on</i> certain conditions; to bet <i>on</i> a
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>At or in the time of; during; as,
<i>on</i> Sunday we abstain from labor. See <u>At</u>
(synonym).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>At the time of, conveying some notion of
cause or motive; as, <i>on</i> public occasions, the officers appear
in full dress or uniform. Hence, in consequence of, or following; as,
<i>on</i> the ratification of the treaty, the armies were
disbanded.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Toward; for; -- indicating the object of
some passion; as, have pity or compassion <i>on</i> him.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>At the peril of, or for the safety
of.</def> "Hence, <i>on</i> thy life."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>By virtue of; with the pledge of; --
denoting a pledge or engagement, and put before the thing pledged;
as, he affirmed or promised <i>on</i> his word, or <i>on</i> his
honor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To the account of; -- denoting
imprecation or invocation, or coming to, falling, or resting upon;
as, <i>on</i> us be all the blame; a curse <i>on</i> him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His blood be <i>on</i> us and <i>on</i> our
children.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxvii. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>In reference or relation to; as,
<i>on</i> our part expect punctuality; a satire <i>on</i>
society.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Of.</def> [Obs.] "Be not jealous
<i>on</i> me."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Or have we eaten <i>on</i> the insane root<BR>
That takes the reason prisoner?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Instances of this usage are common in our older writers,
and are sometimes now heard in illiterate speech.</p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>Occupied with; in the performance of; as,
only three officers are <i>on</i> duty; <i>on</i> a
journey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>In the service of; connected with; of the
number of; as, he is <i>on</i> a newspaper; <i>on</i> a
committee.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>On</i> and <i>upon</i> are in general interchangeable.
In some applications <i>upon</i> is more euphonious, and is therefore
to be preferred; but in most cases <i>on</i> is preferable.</p>

<p><col><b>On a bowline</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Closehauled</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>On a wind</b></col>, or
<col><b>On the wind</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>sailing
closehauled.</cd> -- <col><b>On a sudden</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Sudden</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>On board</b></col>, <col><b>On
draught</b></col>, <col><b>On fire</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under
<u>Board</u>, <u>Draught</u>, <u>Fire</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>On
it</b></col>, <col><b>On't</b></col>, <cd>of it.</cd> [Obs. or
Colloq.] <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>On shore</b></col>, <cd>on land; to
the shore.</cd> -- <col><b>On the road</b></col>, <col><b>On the
way</b></col>, <col><b>On the wing</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under
<u>Road</u>, <u>Way</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>On to</b></col>,
<cd>upon; on; to; -- sometimes written as one word, <i>onto</i>, and
usually called a colloquialism; but it may be regarded in analogy
with <i>into</i>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>They have added the -en plural form <i>on to</i> an
elder plural.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We see the strength of the new movement in the new
class of ecclesiastics whom it forced <i>on to</i> the
stage.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>On</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>On</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Forward, in
progression; onward; -- usually with a verb of motion; as, move
<i>on</i>; go <i>on</i>.</def> "Time glides <i>on</i>."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The path is smooth that leadeth <i>on</i> to
danger.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Forward, in succession; as, from father to
son, from the son to the grandson, and so <i>on</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In continuance; without interruption or
ceasing; as, sleep <i>on</i>, take your ease; say <i>on</i>; sing
<i>on</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Adhering; not off; as in the phrase, "He
is neither <i>on</i> nor off," that is, he is not steady, he is
irresolute.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Attached to the body, as clothing or
ornament, or for use.</def> "I have boots <i>on</i>."  <i>B.
Gonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He put <i>on</i> righteousness as a
breastplate.</blockquote> <i>Is. lix. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In progress; proceeding; as, a game is
<i>on</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>On</i> is sometimes used as an exclamation, or a command
to move or proceed, some verb being understood; as, <i>on</i>,
comrades; that is, <i>go on</i>, <i>move on</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>On and on</b></col>, <cd>continuously; for a long time
together.</cd> "Toiling <i>on and on and on</i>."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||On"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Onagri</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Onagers</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>onager</i>, <i>onagrus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Rom.Antiq.)</i> <def>A military engine acting like a sling, which
threw stones from a bag or wooden bucket, and was operated by
machinery.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wild ass, especially
the koulan.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*nag"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The dauw.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>On`a*gra"ceous</hw>
(&obreve;n`&adot;*gr&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s), <hw>On`a*gra*ri"e*ous</hw>
(-gr&asl;*r&imacr;"&esl;*&ubreve;s), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From NL.
<i>Onagra</i> an old scientific name of the evening primrose
(<i>&OElig;nothera</i>), fr. Gr. <grk>'ona`gra</grk> a kind of plant;
of uncertain origin.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, a natural order of plants (<i>Onagrace&aelig;</i> or
<i>Onagrarie&aelig;</i>), which includes the fuchsia, the willow-herb
(<i>Epilobium</i>), and the evening primrose
(<i>&OElig;nothera</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>O"nan*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Onan</i> (<i>Gen.
xxxviii. 9</i>): cf. F. <i>onanisme</i>.] <def>Self-pollution;
masturbation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*nap"po</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A nocturnal South American monkey (<i>Callithrix discolor</i>),
noted for its agility; -- called also <i>ventriloquist
monkey</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Once</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The ounce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Once</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ones</i>,
<i>anes</i>, an adverbial form fr. <i>one</i>, <i>on</i>, <i>an</i>,
one. See <u>One-</u>, <u>-Wards</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>By
limitation to the number one; for one time; not twice nor any number
of times more than one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall . . . go round about the city
<i>once</i>.</blockquote> <i>Josh. vi. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Trees that bear mast are fruitful but <i>once</i> in
two years.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At some one period of time; -- used
indefinitely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul had <i>once</i> some foolish fondness for
thee.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That court which we shall <i>once</i>
govern.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>At any one time; -- often nearly
equivalent to <i>ever</i>, <i>if ever</i>, or <i>whenever</i>; as,
<i>once</i> kindled, it may not be quenched.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wilt thou not be made clean? When shall it <i>once</i>
be?</blockquote> <i>Jer. xiii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To be <i>once</i> in doubt<BR>
Is <i>once</i> to be resolved.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Once</i> is used as a noun when preceded by <i>this</i>
or <i>that</i>; as, <i>this once</i>, <i>that once</i>. It is also
sometimes used elliptically, like an adjective, for <i>once-
existing</i>. "The <i>once</i> province of Britain." <i>J. N.
Pomeroy.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At once</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>At the same
point of time; immediately; without delay</cd>. "Stand not upon the
order of your going, but go <i>at once</i>." <i>Shak.</i> "I . . .
withdrew <i>at once</i> and altogether." <i>Jeffrey.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>At one and the same time; simultaneously; in
one body; as, they all moved <i>at once</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Once and
again</b></col>, <cd>once and once more; repeatedly.</cd> "A dove
sent forth <i>once and again</i>, to spy." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||On*cid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of tropical orchidaceous plants, the
flower of one species of which (<i>O. Papilio</i>) resembles a
butterfly.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"co*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bulk +
<i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for registering
the changes observable with an oncometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>On*com"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bulk +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring
the variations in size of the internal organs of the body, as the
kidney, spleen, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>On*cot"o*my</hw> (&obreve;&nsm;"k&obreve;t*&osl;*m&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'o`gkos</grk> bulk, mass +
<grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut: cf. F. <i>oncotomie</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>The opening of an abscess, or the removal of a tumor, with a
cutting instrument.</def> [Written also <i>onkotomy</i>.]
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Onde</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>anda</i> malice,
anger; akin to Icel. <i>andi</i>, <i>&ouml;nd</i>, breath.]
<def>Hatred; fury; envy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||On` dit"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>They say, or it is said.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flying report; rumor; as, it is a mere
<i>on dit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-one</hw> (?). [From Gr. <grk>-w`nh</grk>, signifying, female
descendant.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A suffix indicating that the
substance, in the name of which it appears, is a <i>ketone</i>; as,
acet<i>one</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-one</hw>.<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A termination indicating that
the hydrocarbon to the name of which it is affixed belongs to the
<i>fourth series of hydrocarbons</i>, or the <i>third series of
unsaturated hydrocarbonsl</i> as, non<i>one</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>One</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>one</i>, <i>on</i>,
<i>an</i>, AS. <i>&auml;n</i>; akin to D. <i>een</i>, OS.
<i>&euml;n</i>, OFries. <i>&euml;n</i>, <i>&auml;n</i>, G.
<i>ein</i>, Dan. <i>een</i>, Sw. <i>en</i>, Icel. <i>einn</i>, Goth.
<i>ains</i>, W. <i>un</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>aon</i>, L. <i>unus</i>,
earlier <i>oinos</i>, <i>oenos</i>, Gr. &?; the ace on dice; cf. Skr.
<i>&euml;ka</i>. The same word as the indefinite article <i>a</i>,
<i>an</i>. &radic; 299.  Cf. 2d A, 1st <u>An</u>, <u>Alone</u>,
<u>Anon</u>, <u>Any</u>, <u>None</u>, <u>Nonce</u>, <u>Only</u>,
<u>Onion</u>, <u>Unit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being a single
unit, or entire being or thing, and no more; not multifold; single;
individual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dream of Pharaoh is <i>one</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xli. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O that we now had here<BR>
But <i>one</i> ten thousand of those men in England.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Denoting a person or thing conceived or
spoken of indefinitely; a certain. "I am the sister of <i>one</i>
Claudio" [<i>Shak.</i>], that is, of a certain man named
Claudio.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pointing out a contrast, or denoting a
particular thing or person different from some other specified; --
used as a correlative adjective, with or without
<i>the</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the <i>one</i> side of heaven unto the
other.</blockquote> <i>Deut. iv. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Closely bound together; undivided; united;
constituting a whole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The church is therefore <i>one</i>, though the members
may be many.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Pearson</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Single in kind; the same; a
common.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>One</i> plague was on you all, and on your
lords.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. vi. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Single; inmarried.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Men may counsel a woman to be <i>one</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>One</i> is often used in forming compound words, the
meaning of which is obvious; as, <i>one</i>-armed, <i>one</i>-celled,
<i>one</i>-eyed, <i>one</i>-handed, <i>one</i>-hearted, <i>one</i>-
horned, <i>one</i>-idead, <i>one</i>-leaved, <i>one</i>-masted,
<i>one</i>-ribbed, <i>one</i>-story, <i>one</i>-syllable, <i>one</i>-
stringed, <i>one</i>-winged, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>All one</b></col>, <cd>of the same or equal nature, or
consequence; as, he says that it is <i>all one</i> what course you
take.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>One day</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>On a certain day, not definitely specified,
referring to time past.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>One day</i> when Phoebe fair,<BR>
With all her band, was following the chase.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Referring to future time: At some
uncertain day or period; some day.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Well, I will marry <i>one day</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>One</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
single unit; as, <i>one</i> is the base of all numbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing a unit, as 1, or
i.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A single person or thing.</def> "The
shining <i>ones</i>." <i>Bunyan.</i> "Hence, with your little
<i>ones</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He will hate the <i>one</i>, and love the
other.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vi. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That we may sit, <i>one</i> on thy right hand, and the
other on thy left hand, in thy glory.</blockquote> <i>Mark x.
37.</i></p>

<p><col><b>After one</b></col>, <cd>after one fashion; alike.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>At one</b></col>, <cd>in agreement
or concord. See <u>At one</u>, in the Vocab.</cd> -- <col><b>Ever in
one</b></col>, <cd>continually; perpetually; always.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>In one</b></col>, <cd>in union; in a
single whole.</cd> -- <col><b>One and one</b></col>, <col><b>One by
one</b></col>, <cd>singly; one at a time; one after another.</cd>
"Raising <i>one by one</i> the suppliant crew." <i>Dryden.</i>
</p>

<p><! p. 1003 !></p>

<p><hw>One</hw> (?), <pos><i>indef. pron.</i></pos> <def>Any person,
indefinitely; a person or body; as, what <i>one</i> would have well
done, <i>one</i> should do <i>one's</i> self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was well worth <i>one's</i> while.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Against this sort of condemnation <i>one</i> must
steel <i>one's</i> self as <i>one</i> best can.</blockquote> <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><i>One</i> is often used with <i>some</i>, <i>any</i>, <i>no</i>,
<i>each</i>, <i>every</i>, <i>such</i>, <i>a</i>, <i>many a</i>,
<i>another</i>, <i>the other</i>, etc. It is sometimes joined with
<i>another</i>, to denote a reciprocal relation.</p>

<p><blockquote>When any <i>one</i> heareth the word.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xiii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She knew every <i>one</i> who was any <i>one</i> in
the land of Bohemia.</blockquote> <i>Compton Reade.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Peloponnesians and the Athenians fought against
<i>one another</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gentry received <i>one another</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>One</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to become one;
to gather into a single whole; to unite; to assimilite.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The rich folk that embraced and <i>oned</i> all their
heart to treasure of the world.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>One"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The herb Paris. See <i>Herb Paris</i>, under
<u>Herb</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>One"-hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Employing one
hand; as, the <i>one-hand</i> alphabet. See
<u>Dactylology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>One"-horse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Drawn by one horse; having but a single horse; as, a <i>one-
horse</i> carriage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Second-rate; inferior; small.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>O*nei"das</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Oneida</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians formerly inhabiting the region near Oneida Lake in the State
of New York, and forming part of the Five Nations. Remnants of the
tribe now live in New York, Canada, and Wisconsin.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*nei`ro*crit`ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>oneirocritique</i>. See <u>Oneirocritic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>An interpreter of dreams.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.
Addison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>O*nei`ro*crit`ic</hw> (?), <hw>O*nei`ro*crit`ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; a dream + &?; critical, fr. &?;
to discern.] <def>Of or pertaining to the interpretation of
dreams.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>O*nei`ro*crit`i*cism</hw> (?), <hw>O*nei`ro*crit`ics</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of interpreting
dreams.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*nei"ro*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
dream + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by means of dreams.</def>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`nei*ros"co*pist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
interprets dreams.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`nei*ros"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
dream + <i>-scopy</i>.] <def>The interpretation of dreams.</def></p>

<p><hw>One"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being one or single.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>One"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Only</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>One"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being at one or reconciled.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>One"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
one; singleness in number; individuality; unity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our God is one, or rather very
<i>oneness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>On"er*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>onerarius</i>, fr. <i>onus</i>, <i>oneris</i>, load, burden: cf.F.
<i>on&eacute;raire</i>.] <def>Fitted for, or carrying, a
burden.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>On"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Onerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Onerating</u>.] [L. <i>oneratus</i>, p. p. pf <i>onerare</i>.]
<def>To load; to burden.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Becon.</i></p>

<p><hw>On`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
loading.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>On"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>onerosus</i>,
fr. <i>onus</i>, <i>oneris</i>, a load, burden: cf.F.
<i>on&eacute;reux</i>.] <def>Burdensome; oppressive.</def> "Too
<i>onerous</i> a solicitude."  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Onerous cause</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>, <cd>a good and
legal consideration; -- opposed to <i>gratuitous</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>On"er*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an onerous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ones</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>One`self"</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>A reflexive
form of the indefinite pronoun <i>one</i>. Commonly writen as two
words, <i>one's self</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One's self (or more properly <i>oneself</i>), is quite
a modern form. In Elizabethan English we find <i>a man's self=one's
self</i>.</blockquote> <i>Morris.</i></p>

<p><hw>One`-sid"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having one side only, or one side prominent; hence, limited to
one side; partial; unjust; unfair; as, a <i>one-sided</i> view or
statement.</def> "Unguarded and <i>one-sided</i> language."  <i>T.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing on one side of a
stem; as, <i>one-sided</i> flowers.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>One`-sid"ed-ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>One`-
sid"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>On*ethe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Scarcely. See
<u>Unnethe</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>On"go`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of going
forward; progress; (<i>pl.</i>) affairs; business; current
events.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The common <i>ongoings</i> of this our commonplace
world, and everyday life.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>On"guent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An
unguent.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"-hang`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hanger-
on.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ognon</i>, fr. L.
<i>unio</i> oneness, unity, a single large pearl, an onion. See
<u>One</u>, <u>Union</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A liliaceous plant of
the genus <i>Allium</i> (<i>A. cepa</i>), having a strong-flavored
bulb and long hollow leaves; also, its bulbous root, much used as an
article of food. The name is often extended to other species of the
genus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Onion fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
grenadier.</cd> -- <col><b>Onion fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>a dipterous insect whose larva feeds upon the onion; especially,
<i>Anthomyia ceparum</i> and <i>Ortalis flexa</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Welsh onion</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cibol</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild onion</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a name given to several species of the genus
<i>Allium</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O*ni`ro*crit`ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Oneirocritic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being alone.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>On*loft"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Aloft; above
ground.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She kept her father's life <i>onloft</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>On"-look`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A looker-
on.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"-look`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Looking on or
forward.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>only</i>,
<i>anly</i>, <i>onlich</i>, AS. <i>&amacr;nlic</i>, i.e., onelike.
See <u>One</u>, <u>and Like</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One alone; single; as, the <i>only</i> man
present; his <i>only</i> occupation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Alone in its class; by itself; not
associated with others of the same class or kind; as, an <i>only</i>
child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively: Alone, by reason of
superiority; pre&euml;minent; chief.</def> "Motley's the <i>only</i>
wear."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>On"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Only</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In one manner or
degree; for one purpose alone; simply; merely; barely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And to be loved himself, needs <i>only</i> to be
known.</blockquote>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>So and no otherwise; no other than;
exclusively; solely; wholly.</def> "She being <i>only</i> wicked."
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every imagination . . . of his heart was <i>only</i>
evil.</blockquote> <i>Gen. vi. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Singly; without more; as, <i>only</i>-
begotten.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Above all others; particularly.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His most <i>only</i> elected mistress.</blockquote>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>On"ly</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Save or except
(that); -- an adversative used elliptically with or without
<i>that</i>, and properly introducing a single fact or
consideration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He might have seemed some secretary or clerk . . .
<i>only</i> that his low, flat, unadorned cap . . . indicated that he
belonged to the city.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>On`o*ce"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Ononis</i>,
the generic name of the plant + L. <i>cera</i> wax.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white crystalline waxy substance extracted from the root of
the leguminous plant <i>Ononis spinosa</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an ass +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>Foolish discourse.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>On"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; name +
<i>-mancy</i>.  Cf. <u>Nomancy</u>.] <def>Divination by the letters
of a name; nomancy.</def> [R.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>On`o*man"tic</hw> (?), <hw>On`o*man"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to onomancy.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>On`o*mas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from &?;
to name, &?; name.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Applied to a signature when the
body of the instrument is in another's handwriting.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>On`o*mas"ti*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; (sc.&?;), fr. &?;. See <u>Onomastic</u>.] <def>A collection of
names and terms; a dictionary; specif., a collection of Greek names,
with explanatory notes, made by Julius Pollux about
A.D.180.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"o*ma*tech`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + &?;
art.] <def>Prognostication by the letters of a name.</def></p>

<p><hw>On`o*ma*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in the history of names.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>On`o*ma*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of names or of their
classification.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*nom"a*tope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Onomatop&oelig;ia</u>.] <def>An imitative word; an onomatopoetic
word.</def></p>

<p><hw>On`o*mat`o*p&oelig;"ia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, a name + &?; to make.] <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>The
formation of words in imitation of sounds; a figure of speech in
which the sound of a word is imitative of the sound of the thing
which the word represents; as, the <i>buzz</i> of bees; the
<i>hiss</i> of a goose; the <i>crackle</i> of fire.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It has been maintained by some philologist that all primary
words, especially names, were formed by imitation of natural
sounds.</p>

<p><hw>On`o*mat`o*p&oelig;"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Onomatopoetic.</def>  <i>Whitney.</i></p>

<p><hw>On`o*mat`o*po*et"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to onomatop&oelig;ia; characterized by onomatop&oelig;ia;
imitative; as, an <i>onomatopoetic</i> writer or word.</def>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>On`o*mat"o*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Onomatop&oelig;ia.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*nom"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Onomancy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>On`on*da"gas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Onondaga</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe
of Indians formerly inhabiting what is now a part of the State of New
York. They were the central or head tribe of the Five
Nations.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"rush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rushing
onward.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>On</i> +
<i>set</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rushing or setting upon; an
attack; an assault; a storming; especially, the assault of an
army.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>onset</i> and retire<BR>
Of both your armies.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who on that day the word of <i>onset</i>
gave.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A setting about; a beginning.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is surely no greater wisdom than well to time
the beginnings and <i>onsets</i> of things.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything set on, or added, as an ornament
or as a useful appendage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>On"set`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To assault; to set upon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set about; to begin.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>On"slaught`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>on</i> on +
<i>slaught</i>, <i>slaht</i>, slaughter. See <u>Slaughter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An attack; an onset; esp., a furious or
murderous attack or assault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By storm and <i>onslaught</i> to proceed.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bloody fray or battle.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>On"stead</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Possibly a corruption
of <i>homestead</i>.] <def>A single farmhouse; a steading.</def>
[Prov.Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Grose. Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>On"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [<i>On</i> +
<i>to</i>.  Cf. <u>Into</u>.] <def>On the top of; upon; on. See <i>On
to</i>, under <u>On</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>On`to*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <hw>On*tog"e*ny</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ontology</u>, and <u>Genesis</u>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The history of the individual development of an
organism; the history of the evolution of the germ; the development
of an individual organism, -- in distinction from <i>phylogeny</i>,
or evolution of the tribe. Called also <i>henogenesis</i>,
<i>henogeny</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>On`to*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to ontogenesis; as, <i>ontogenetic</i>
phenomena.</def> -- <wf>On`to*ge*net"ic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>On`to*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Ontogenetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>On`to*log"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ontological.</def></p>

<p><hw>On`to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ontologique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to ontology.</def></p>

<p><hw>On`*to*log"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ontological manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>On*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>ontologiste</i>.] <def>One who is versed in or treats of
ontology.</def>  <i>Edin. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>On*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the things
which exist (pl.neut. of &?;, &?;, being, p. pr. of &?; to be) + <i>-
logy</i>: cf.F. <i>ontologie</i>.] <def>That department of the
science of metaphysics which investigates and explains the nature and
essential properties and relations of all beings, as such, or the
principles and causes of being.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A burden; an
obligation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Onus probandi</b></col> (&?;) [L.], <cd>obligation to
furnish evidence to prove a thing; the burden of proof.</cd></p>

<p><hw>On"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moving in a forward direction; tending toward a contemplated or
desirable end; forward; as, an <i>onward</i> course, progress,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Advanced in a forward direction or toward
an end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Within a while, Philoxenus came to see how
<i>onward</i> the fruits were of his friend's labor.</blockquote>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>On"ward</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward a point
before or in front; forward; progressively; as, to move
<i>onward</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not one looks backward, <i>onward</i> still he
goes.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>On"ward*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Progress;
advancement.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"wards</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>-wards</u>.]
<def>Onward.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Any.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>On"y*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>onyx</i>, <i>-ychis</i>, onyx, also, a kind of mussel, Gr. &?;,
&?;. See <u>Onyx</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ingredient of the Mosaic incense,
probably the operculum of some kind of strombus.</def>  <i>Ex. xxx.
34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The precious stone called
<i>onyx</i>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||O*nych"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Onyx</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A whitlow.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An affection of a finger or toe, attended
with ulceration at the base of the nail, and terminating in the
destruction of the nail.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"y*cho*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
a finger nail + <i>-mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>onychomancie</i>.]
<def>Divination by the nails.</def></p>

<p><hw>||On`y*choph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?;, &?;, a claw + &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Malacopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"nyx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; a claw,
finger nail, a veined gem. See <u>Nail</u>, and cf. <u>Onycha</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Chalcedony in parallel layers of different shades
of color. It is used for making cameos, the figure being cut in one
layer with the next as a ground.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Onyx marble</b></col>, <cd>a banded variety of marble or
calcium carbonate resembling onyx. It is obtained from
Mexico.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oo</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>One.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||O"&ouml;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hawaiian.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A beautiful bird (<i>Moho nobilis</i>) of
the Hawaiian Islands. It yields the brilliant yellow feathers
formerly used in making the royal robes. Called also <i>yellow-tufted
honeysucker</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*&oelig;"ci*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>O&oelig;cia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>w,'o`n</grk> an
egg + &?; a house.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the special
zooids, or cells, of Bryozoa, destined to receive and develop ova; an
ovicell. See <u>Bryozoa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`&ouml;*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>w,'o`n</grk> an egg + E. <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The development, or mode of origin, of the ova.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`&ouml;*go"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
L. <plw><b>O&ouml;gonia</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>O&ouml;goniums</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>w,'o`n</grk>
an egg + &?; offspring.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A special cell in certain
cryptogamous plants containing o&ouml;spheres, as in the rockweeds
(<i>Fucus</i>), and the orders <i>Vaucherie&aelig;</i> and
<i>Peronospore&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*oi"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>w,'o`n</grk> an egg + &?; form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Shaped like
an egg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ook</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Oak.</def> [Obs.] "A
branched <i>ook</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"&ouml;*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>w,'o`n</grk> an egg + <i>-lite</i>: cf.F. <i>o&ouml;lithe</i>.
So named from its resemblance to the roe of fish.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A variety of limestone, consisting of small round grains,
resembling the roe of a fish. It sometimes constitutes extensive
beds, as in the European Jurassic. See the <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`&ouml;*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>o&ouml;lithique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to o&ouml;lite;
composed of, or resembling, o&ouml;lite.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`&ouml;*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to o&ouml;logy.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*&ouml;l"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in o&ouml;logy.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*&ouml;l"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>w,'o`n</grk> an egg + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of eggs in
relation to their coloring, size, shape, and number.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oo"long</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chinese, green
dragon.] <def>A fragrant variety of black tea having somewhat the
flavor of green tea.</def> [Written also <i>oulong</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Oo"mi*ac</hw>, <hw>Oo"mi*ak</hw>} (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A long, broad boat used by the Eskimos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oon</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>One.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oones</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>To bind with a thread or cord; to join; to unite.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Oo"pack</hw>, <hw>Oo"pak</hw>} (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So
named from a district in China.] <def>A kind of black tea.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"&ouml;*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; egg-
bearing; <grk>w,'o`n</grk> an egg + &?; to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An alternately produced form of certain cryptogamous plants, as
ferns, mosses, and the like, which bears antheridia and archegonia,
and so has sexual fructification, as contrasted with the
<i>sporophore</i>, which is nonsexual, but produces spores in
countless number. In ferns the o&ouml;phore is a minute prothallus;
in mosses it is the leafy plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`&ouml;*pho*rec"to*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>w,'o`n</grk> egg + &?; to bear + &?; a cutting out.]
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Ovariotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`&ouml;*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the nature of, or belonging to, an
o&ouml;phore.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`&ouml;*pho*rid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>O&ouml;phorida</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>O&ouml;phoridiums</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. fr. Gr. &?;. See
<u>O&ouml;phore</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The macrosporangium or case
for the larger kind of spores in heterosporous flowerless
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`&ouml;*pho*ri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>w,'o`n</grk> egg + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear + <i>-
itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Ovaritis.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"&ouml;*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>w,'o`n</grk> an egg + <grk>fyto`n</grk> a plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of a proposed class or grand division (collectively
termed <i>o&ouml;phytes</i> or <i>O&ouml;phyta</i>), which have their
sexual reproduction accomplished by motile antherozoids acting on
o&ouml;spheres, either while included in their o&ouml;gonia or after
exclusion.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This class was at first called <i>O&ouml;spore&aelig;</i>,
and is made to include all alg&aelig; and fungi which have this kind
of reproduction, however they may differ in all other respects, the
contrasted classes of Thallophytes being <i>Protophytes</i>,
<i>Zygophytes</i>, and <i>Carpophytes</i>. The whole system has its
earnest advocates, but is rejected by many botanists. See
<u>Carpophyte</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1004 !></p>

<p><hw>O`&ouml;*phyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to an o&ouml;phyte.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*&ouml;"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wild, bearded sheep inhabiting the Ladakh
mountains. It is reddish brown, with a dark beard from the chin to
the chest.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"&ouml;*sperm</hw> (omac/"&osl;*sp&etilde;rm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an egg + E. <i>sperm</i>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The ovum, after fusion with the spermatozo&ouml;n
in impregnation.</def>  <i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"&ouml;*sphere</hw> (-sf&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?; an egg + E. <i>sphere</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An unfertilized, rounded
mass of protoplasm, produced in an o&ouml;gonium.</def></p>

<p>&fist; After being fertilized by the access of antherozoids it
becomes covered with a cell wall and develops into an o&ouml;spore,
which may grow into a new plant like the parent.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An analogous mass of
protoplasm in the ovule of a flowering plant; an embryonic
vesicle.</def>  <i>Goodale.</i></p>

<p><hw>||O`&ouml;*spo*ran"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>O&ouml;sporangia</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>O&ouml;sporangiums</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; an egg +
&?; vessel.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An o&ouml;gonium; also, a case
containing oval or rounded spores of some other kind than
o&ouml;spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"&ouml;*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an egg
+ &?; a seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A special kind
of spore resulting from the fertilization of an o&ouml;sphere by
antherozoids.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A fertilized
o&ouml;sphere in the ovule of a flowering plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`&ouml;*spor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to an o&ouml;spore.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*&ouml;s"te*gite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; +
&?; a roof.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the plates which in some
Crustacea inclose a cavity wherein the eggs are hatched.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`&ouml;*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>O&ouml;thec&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; an egg +
&?; a case.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An egg case, especially those
of many kinds of mollusks, and of some insects, as the cockroach.
Cf. <u>O&oelig;cium</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O*&ouml;t"*ooid</hw> (?), <hw>O*&ouml;t"o*coid</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; laying eggs (&?; egg + &?; a bearing,
&?; to bear) + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A half
oviparous, or an oviparous, mammal; a marsupial or
monotreme.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"&ouml;*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-
type</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The part of the oviduct of
certain trematode worms in which the ova are completed and furnished
with a shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ooze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wose</i>, AS.
<i>wase</i> dirt, mire, mud, akin to <i>w&?;s</i> juice, ooze, Icel.
<i>v&amacr;s</i> wetness, OHG. <i>waso</i> turf, sod, G.
<i>wasen</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Soft mud or slime; earth so
wet as to flow gently, or easily yield to pressure.</def> "My son i'
the <i>ooze</i> is bedded."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soft flow; spring.</def>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The liquor of a tan vat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ooze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Oozed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Oozing</u>.] [Prov. Eng. <i>weeze</i>, <i>wooz</i>. See
<u>Ooze</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To flow
gently; to percolate, as a liquid through the pores of a substance or
through small openings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The latent rill, scare <i>oozing</i> through the
grass.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To leak (out) or escape slowly; as,
the secret <i>oozed</i> out; his courage <i>oozed</i> out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ooze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
ooze.</def>  <i>Alex. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>||O`&ouml;*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; an egg + <grk>zo^,on</grk> an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Acrita</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ooz"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Miry; containing
soft mud; resembling ooze; as, the <i>oozy</i> bed of a river.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pa"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>opacatus</i>, p. p. of <i>opacare</i>.] <def>To darken; to
cloud.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>opacitas</i>:
cf.F. opacit&eacute;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being
opaque; the quality of a body which renders it impervious to the rays
of light; want of transparency; opaqueness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obscurity; want of clearness.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pa"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>opacus</i>.
See <u>Opaque</u>.] <def>Opaque.</def> [R.] <i>Milton.</i> --
<wf>O*pa"cous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>O*pac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Opaque.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large oceanic fish (<i>Lampris quttatus</i>), inhabiting the
Atlantic Ocean. It is remarkable for its brilliant colors, which are
red, green, and blue, with tints of purple and gold, covered with
round silvery spots. Called also <i>king of the
herrings</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*pake"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Opaque</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>opalus</i>: cf.
Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>upala</i> a rock, stone, precious stone: cf. F.
<i>opale</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral consisting, like quartz,
of silica, but inferior to quartz in hardness and specific
gravity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>precious opal</i> presents a peculiar play of colors
of delicate tints, and is highly esteemed as a gem. One kind, with a
varied play of color in a reddish ground, is called the <i>harlequin
opal</i>. The <i>fire opal</i> has colors like the red and yellow of
flame. <i>Common opal</i> has a milky appearance. <i>Menilite</i> is
a brown impure variety, occurring in concretions at Menilmontant,
near Paris. Other varieties are <i>cacholong</i>, <i>girasol</i>,
<i>hyalite</i>, and <i>geyserite</i>.</p>

<p><hw>O`pal*esce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Opalesced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Opalescing</u> (?).] <def>To give forth a play of
colors, like the opal.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`pal*es"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A reflection of a milky or pearly light from the interior of a
mineral, as in the moonstone; the state or quality of being
opalescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`pal*es"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reflecting a
milky or pearly light from the interior; having an opaline play of
colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pal*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>opalin</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or like, opal in appearance;
having changeable colors like those of the opal.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Opalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Opalizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>opaliser</i>.] <def>To convert into
opal, or a substance like opal.</def>  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pal"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Opal</i> +
<i>-type</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A picture taken on "milky"
glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*paque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>opacus</i>.  Cf. <u>Opacous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Impervious to the rays of light; not
transparent; as, an <i>opaque</i> substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obscure; not clear; unintelligible.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>O*paque"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is opaque;
opacity.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*paque"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being impervious to light; opacity.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ope</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Open.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On Sunday heaven's gate stands
<i>ope</i>.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To open.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wilt thou not <i>ope</i> thy heart to know<BR>
What rainbows teach and sunsets show?</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pei"do*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
voice + &?; form + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
instrument, consisting of a tube having one end open and the other
end covered with a thin flexible membrance to the center of which is
attached a small mirror. It is used for exhibiting upon a screen, by
means of rays reflected from the mirror, the vibratory motions caused
by sounds produced at the open end of the tube, as by speaking or
singing into it.</def>  <i>A. E. Dolbear.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ope"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bright-colored European actinian (<i>Anemonia, or Anthea,
sulcata</i>); -- so called because it does not retract its
tentacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>open</i>; akin to
D. <i>open</i>, OS. <i>opan</i>, G. <i>offan</i>, Icel. <i>opinn</i>,
Sw. <i>&ouml;ppen</i>, Dan. <i>aaben</i>, and perh. to E. <i>up</i>.
Cf. <u>Up</u>, and <u>Ope</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free of
access; not shut up; not closed; affording unobstructed ingress or
egress; not impeding or preventing passage; not locked up or covered
over; -- applied to passageways; as, an <i>open</i> door, window,
road, etc.; also, to inclosed structures or objects; as, <i>open</i>
houses, boxes, baskets, bottles, etc.; also, to means of
communication or approach by water or land; as, an <i>open</i> harbor
or roadstead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through the gate,<BR>
Wide <i>open</i> and unquarded, Satan passed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton</i></p>

<p>Also, figuratively, used of the ways of communication of the mind,
as by the senses; ready to hear, see, etc.; as, to keep one's eyes
and ears <i>open</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>His ears are <i>open</i> unto their cry.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xxxiv. 15.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free to be used, enjoyed, visited, or the
like; not private; public; unrestricted in use; as, an <i>open</i>
library, museum, court, or other assembly; liable to the approach,
trespass, or attack of any one; unprotected; exposed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If Demetrius . . . have a matter against any man, the
law is <i>open</i> and there are deputies.</blockquote> <i>Acts xix.
33.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The service that I truly did his life,<BR>
Hath left me <i>open</i> to all injuries.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Free or cleared of obstruction to progress
or to view; accessible; as, an <i>open</i> tract; the <i>open</i>
sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not drawn together, closed, or contracted;
extended; expanded; as, an <i>open</i> hand; <i>open</i> arms; an
<i>open</i> flower; an <i>open</i> prospect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each, with <i>open</i> arms, embraced her chosen
knight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Without reserve
or false pretense; sincere; characterized by sincerity; unfeigned;
frank; also, generous; liberal; bounteous; -- applied to personal
appearance, or character, and to the expression of thought and
feeling, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With aspect <i>open</i>, shall erect his
head.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Moor is of a free and <i>open</i>
nature.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The French are always <i>open</i>, familiar, and
talkative.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not concealed or secret; not hidden or
disguised; exposed to view or to knowledge; revealed; apparent; as,
<i>open</i> schemes or plans; <i>open</i> shame or guilt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His thefts are too <i>open</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That I may find him, and with secret gaze<BR>
Or <i>open</i> admiration him behold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not of a quality to prevent communication,
as by closing water ways, blocking roads, etc.; hence, not frosty or
inclement; mild; -- used of the weather or the climate; as, an
<i>open</i> season; an <i>open</i> winter.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Not settled or adjusted; not decided or
determined; not closed or withdrawn from consideration; as, an
<i>open</i> account; an <i>open</i> question; to keep an offer or
opportunity <i>open</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Free; disengaged; unappropriated; as, to
keep a day <i>open</i> for any purpose; to be <i>open</i> for an
engagement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Uttered
with a relatively wide opening of the articulating organs; -- said of
vowels; as, the <i>&auml;</i>n f&auml;r is <i>open</i> as compared
with the <i>&amacr;</i> in s&amacr;y.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Uttered, as a consonant, with the oral passage simply narrowed
without closure, as in uttering <i>s</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not
closed or stopped with the finger; -- said of the string of an
instrument, as of a violin, when it is allowed to vibrate throughout
its whole length.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Produced by an open
string; as, an <i>open</i> tone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The open air</b></col>, <cd>the air out of doors.</cd> --
<col><b>Open chain</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Closed
chain</i>, under <u>Chain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Open circuit</b></col>
<i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a conducting circuit which is incomplete, or
interrupted at some point; -- opposed to an uninterrupted, or
<i>closed circuit</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Open communion</b></col>,
<cd>communion in the Lord's supper not restricted to persons who have
been baptized by immersion.  Cf. <i>Close communion</i>, under
<u>Close</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Open
diapason</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a certain stop in an organ, in
which the pipes or tubes are formed like the mouthpiece of a
flageolet at the end where the wind enters, and are open at the other
end.</cd> -- <col><b>Open flank</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>the
part of the flank covered by the orillon.</cd> -- <col><b>Open-front
furnace</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a blast furnace having a
forehearth.</cd> -- <col><b>Open harmony</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>harmony the tones of which are widely dispersed, or separated by
wide intervals.</cd> -- <col><b>Open hawse</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a hawse in which the cables are parallel or slightly divergent.
Cf. <i>Foul hawse</i>, under <u>Hawse</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Open
hearth</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>the shallow hearth of a
reverberatory furnace.</cd> -- <col><b>Open-hearth furnace</b></col>,
<cd>a reverberatory furnace; esp., a kind of reverberatory furnace in
which the fuel is gas, used in manufacturing steel.</cd> --
<col><b>Open-hearth process</b></col> <i>(Steel Manuf.)</i>, <cd>a
process by which melted cast iron is converted into steel by the
addition of wrought iron, or iron ore and manganese, and by exposure
to heat in an open-hearth furnace; -- also called the <i>Siemens-
Martin process</i>, from the inventors.</cd> -- <col><b>Open-hearth
steel</b></col>, <cd>steel made by an open-hearth process; -- also
called <i>Siemens-Martin steel</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Open
newel</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See <i>Hollow newel</i>, under
<u>Hollow</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Open pipe</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>a pipe open at the top. It has a pitch about an octave higher
than a <i>closed pipe</i> of the same length.</cd> -- <col><b>Open-
timber roof</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a roof of which the
constructional parts, together with the under side of the covering,
or its lining, are treated ornamentally, and left to form the ceiling
of an apartment below, as in a church, a public hall, and the
like.</cd> -- <col><b>Open vowel</b></col> or
<col><b>consonant</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Open</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 9.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Open</i> is used in many compounds, most of which are
self-explaining; as, <i>open</i>-breasted, <i>open</i>-minded.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unclosed; uncovered; unprotected; exposed; plain;
apparent; obvious; evident; public; unreserved; frank; sincere;
undissembling; artless. See <u>Candid</u>, and <u>Ingenuous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>O"pen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Open or unobstructed
space; clear land, without trees or obstructions; open ocean; open
water.</def> "To sail into the <i>open</i>."  <i>Jowett (Thucyd.
).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then we got into the <i>open</i>.</blockquote> <i>W.
Black.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In open</b></col>, <cd>in full view; without concealment;
openly.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pen</hw> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Opened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Opening</u>.] [AS. <i>openian</i>. See <u>Open</u>,a.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make or set open; to render free of
access; to unclose; to unbar; to unlock; to remove any fastening or
covering from; as, to <i>open</i> a door; to <i>open</i> a box; to
<i>open</i> a room; to <i>open</i> a letter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And all the windows of my heart<BR>
I <i>open</i> to the day.</blockquote> <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spread; to expand; as, to <i>open</i>
the hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To disclose; to reveal; to interpret; to
explain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king <i>opened</i> himself to some of his council,
that he was sorry for the earl's death.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Unto thee have I <i>opened</i> my cause.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. xx. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While he <i>opened</i> to us the
Scriptures.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxiv. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make known; to discover; also, to
render available or accessible for settlements, trade, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The English did adventure far for to <i>open</i> the
North parts of America.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Abbot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To enter upon; to begin; as, to
<i>open</i> a discussion; to <i>open</i> fire upon an enemy; to
<i>open</i> trade, or correspondence; to <i>open</i> a case in court,
or a meeting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To loosen or make less compact; as, to
<i>open</i> matted cotton by separating the fibers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To open one's mouth</b></col>, <col><b>to
speak</b></col>.<cd></cd> -- <col><b>To open up</b></col>, <cd>to lay
open; to discover; to disclose.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Poetry that had <i>opened up</i> so many delightful
views into the character and condition of our "bold peasantry, their
country's pride."</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pen</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
unclose; to form a hole, breach, or gap; to be unclosed; to be
parted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth <i>opened</i> and swallowed up Dathan, and
covered the company of Abiram.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cvi. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expand; to spread out; to be disclosed;
as, the harbor <i>opened</i> to our view.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To begin; to commence; as, the stock
<i>opened</i> at par; the battery <i>opened</i> upon the
enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Sporting)</i> <def>To bark on scent or view
of the game.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pen-air`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Taking place in
the open air; outdoor; as, an <i>open-air</i> game or
meeting.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pen*bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bird of the genus <i>Anastomus</i>, allied to the stork; -- so
called because the two parts of the bill touch only at the base and
tip. One species inhabits India, another Africa. Called also <i>open-
beak</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> <sd><i>(m)</i></sd>, under
<u>Beak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pen*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, opens.</def> "True <i>opener</i> of my eyes."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pen-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>With eyes
widely open; watchful; vigilant.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pen-hand`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Generous;
liberal; munificent.</def> -- <wf>O"pen-hand`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pen-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Bareheaded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O"pen-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Candid;
frank; generous.</def> <i>Dryden.</i> -- <wf>O"pen-heart`ed*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>O"pen-heart`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pen*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of opening; a beginning; commencement; first
appearance; as, the <i>opening</i> of a speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>opening</i> of your glory was like that of
light.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place which is open; a breach; an
aperture; a gap; cleft, or hole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We saw him at the <i>opening</i> of his
tent.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A vacant place; an opportunity; as,
an <i>opening</i> for business.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A thinly wooded space, without
undergrowth, in the midst of a forest; as, oak <i>openings</i>.</def>
[U.S.]  <i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pen*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>openlice</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an open manner; publicly; not in private;
without secrecy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How grossly and <i>openly</i> do many of us contradict
the precepts of the gospel by our ungodliness!</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without reserve or disguise; plainly;
evidently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My love . . . shall show itself more
<i>openly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pen-mouthed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
mouth open; gaping; hence, greedy; clamorous.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pen*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being open.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pen*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything so constructed or manufactured (in needlework,
carpentry, metal work, etc.) as to show openings through its
substance; work that is perforated or pierced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A quarry; an open
cut.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1005 !></p>

<p><hw>Op"er*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. <i>opera</i>
work, composition, opposed to an improvisation, fr. L. <i>opera</i>
pains work, fr. <i>opus</i>, <i>operis</i>, work, labor: cf. F.
<i>op&eacute;ra</i>. See <u>Operate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
drama, either tragic or comic, of which music forms an essential
part; a drama wholly or mostly sung, consisting of recitative,
arials, choruses, duets, trios, etc., with orchestral accompaniment,
preludes, and interludes, together with appropriate costumes,
scenery, and action; a lyric drama.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The score of a musical drama, either
written or in print; a play set to music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The house where operas are
exhibited.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Op&eacute;ra bouffe</b></col> [F. <i>op&eacute;ra</i>
opera + <i>bouffe</i> comic, It. <i>buffo</i>], <col><b>||Opera
buffa</b></col> [It.], <cd>light, farcical, burlesque opera.</cd> --
<col><b>Opera box</b></col>, <cd>a partially inclosed portion of the
auditorium of an opera house for the use of a small private
party.</cd> -- <col><b>||Op&eacute;ra comique</b></col> [F.],
<cd>comic or humorous opera.</cd> -- <col><b>Opera flannel</b></col>,
<cd>a light flannel, highly finished.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Opera girl</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an East Indian plant
(<i>Mantisia saltatoria</i>) of the Ginger family, sometimes seen in
hothouses. It has curious flowers which have some resemblance to a
ballet dancer, whence the popular name. Called also <i>dancing
girls</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Opera glass</b></col>, <cd>a short
telescope with concave eye lenses of low power, usually made double,
that is, with a tube and set of glasses for each eye; a lorgnette; --
so called because adapted for use at the opera, theater, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Opera hat</b></col>, <cd>a gentleman's folding hat.</cd> --
<col><b>Opera house</b></col>, <cd>specifically, a theater devoted to
the performance of operas.</cd> -- <col><b>||Opera seria</b></col>
[It.], <cd>serious or tragic opera; grand opera.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Op"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Practicable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Op`er*am"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>opus</i>,
<i>operis</i>, pl. <i>opera</i> work + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An
instrument or machine for measuring work done, especially for
ascertaining the number of rotations made by a machine or wheel in
manufacturing cloth; a counter.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Op"er*ance</hw> (?), <hw>Op"er*an*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of operating or working;
operation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Op"er*and</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From neuter of L.
<i>operandus</i>, gerundive of <i>operari</i>. See <u>Operate</u>.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>The symbol, quantity, or thing upon which a
mathematical operation is performed; -- called also
<i>faciend</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"er*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>operans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>operari</i>. See <u>Operate</u>.] <def>Operative.</def>
[R.] <i>Shak.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An operative person or
thing.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Operated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Operating</u>.] [L. <i>operatus</i>, p. p. of <i>operari</i> to
work, fr. <i>opus</i>, <i>operis</i>, work, labor; akin to Skr.
<i>apas</i>, and also to G. <i>&uuml;ben</i> to exercise, OHG.
<i>uoben</i>, Icel. <i>&?;fa</i>.  Cf. <u>Inure</u>, <u>Maneuver</u>,
<u>Ure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perform a work or labor; to
exert power or strengh, physical or mechanical; to act.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce an appropriate physical effect;
to issue in the result designed by nature; especially <i>(Med.)</i>,
to take appropriate effect on the human system.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To act or produce effect on the mind; to
exert moral power or influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The virtues of private persons <i>operate</i> but on a
few.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A plain, convincing reason <i>operates</i> on the mind
both of a learned and ignorant hearer as long as they
live.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>To perform some manual act
upon a human body in a methodical manner, and usually with
instruments, with a view to restore soundness or health, as in
amputation, lithotomy, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To deal in stocks or any commodity with a
view to speculative profits.</def> [Brokers' Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Op"er*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To produce, as an effect; to cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The same cause would <i>operate</i> a diminution of
the value of stock.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put into, or to continue in, operation
or activity; to work; as, to <i>operate</i> a machine.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Op`er**at"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Op`er*at"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the opera or to operas;
characteristic of, or resembling, the opera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>operatio</i>: cf. F. <i>op&eacute;ration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of operating; agency; the exertion of power,
physical, mechanical, or moral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pain and sickness caused by manna are the effects
of its <i>operation</i> on the stomach.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Speculative painting, without the assistance of manual
<i>operation</i>, can never attain to perfection.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The method of working; mode of
action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is operated or accomplished; an
effect brought about in accordance with a definite plan; as, military
or naval <i>operations</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Effect produced; influence.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The bards . . . had great <i>operation</i> on the
vulgar.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Something to be done; some
transformation to be made upon quantities, the transformation being
indicated either by rules or symbols.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Any methodical action of
the hand, or of the hand with instruments, on the human body, to
produce a curative or remedial effect, as in amputation,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calculus of operations</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Calculus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Op"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.L.
<i>operativus</i>, F. <i>op&eacute;ratif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the power of acting; hence, exerting force, physical or
moral; active in the production of effects; as, an <i>operative</i>
motive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It holds in all <i>operative</i>
principles.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing the appropriate or designed
effect; efficacious; as, an <i>operative</i> dose, rule, or
penalty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Based upon, or consisting
of, an operation or operations; as, <i>operative</i>
surgery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"er*a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A skilled worker;
an artisan; esp., one who operates a machine in a mill or
manufactory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"er*a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
operative manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"er*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, operates or produces
an effect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>One who performs some act
upon the human body by means of the hand, or with
instruments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dealer in stocks or any commodity for
speculative purposes; a speculator.</def> [Brokers' Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The symbol that expresses
the operation to be performed; -- called also
<i>facient</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"er*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
laboratory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O"per*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>opercule</i>. See <u>Operculum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Any one of the bony plates which support the gill
covers of fishes; an opercular bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
operculum.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*per"cu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Operculum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*per"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or like, an operculum.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*per"cu*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The principal opercular bone or operculum of fishes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O*per"cu*late</hw> (?), <hw>O*per"cu*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>operculatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>operculare</i> to furnish with a lid, fr. <i>operculum</i> lid.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Closed by a lid or cover, as
the capsules of the mosses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having an operculum,
or an apparatus for protecting the gills; -- said of shells and of
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*per`cu*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Operculum</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bearing
an operculum.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*per"cu*li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>operculum</i> a cover + <i>-form</i>: cf. F.
<i>operculiforme</i>.] <def>Having the form of a lid or
cover.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*per`cu*lig`e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Operculum</i> + <i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Producing an operculum; -- said of the foot, or part of the
foot, of certain mollusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*per"cu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Opercula</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Operculums</b></plw> (#).
[L., a cover or lid, fr. <i>operire</i> to cover.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The lid of a pitcherform
leaf.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The lid of the urnlike capsule
of mosses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
lidlike or operculiform process or part; as, the <i>opercula</i> of a
dental follicle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The fold of
integument, usually supported by bony plates, which protects the
gills of most fishes and some amphibians; the gill cover; the gill
lid.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The principal opercular bone in
the upper and posterior part of the gill cover.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The lid closing the aperture of various species of shells, as
the common whelk. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Gastropoda</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any lid-shaped structure closing the
aperture of a tube or shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op`er*et"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., dim. of
<i>opera</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short, light, musical
drama.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"er*ose`</hw> (?). <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>operosus</i>,
fr. <i>opera</i> pains, labor, <i>opus</i>, <i>operis</i>, work,
labor.] <def>Wrought with labor; requiring labor; hence, tedious;
wearisome.</def> "<i>Operose</i> proceeding."  <i>Burke.</i>  "A very
<i>operose</i> calculation." <i>De Quincey.</i> --
<wf>Op"er*ose`ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Op"er*ose`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Op`er*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>operositas</i>.] <def>Laboriousness.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Operose.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Holder.</i> -- <wf>Op"er*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Op`er*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>opertaneus</i>; <i>operire</i> to hide.] <def>Concealed;
private.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ope"tide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ope</i> +
<i>tide</i>.] <def>Open time; -- applied to different things</def>:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The early spring, or the time when flowers
begin opening.</def> [Archaic] <i>Nares.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The time between Epiphany and Ash Wednesday wherein marriages
were formerly solemnized publicly in churches. [Eng.] </def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The time after harvest when the common
fields are open to all kinds of stock.</def> [Prov.Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i> [Written also <i>opentide</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>O*phel"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a substance (called
<i>ophelic acid</i>) extracted from a plant (<i>Ophelia</i>) of the
Gentian family as a bitter yellowish sirup, used in India as a
febrifuge and tonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oph"i*cleide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ophicl&eacute;ide</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>'o`fis</grk> a serpent + &?;,
gen. &?;, a key. So named because it was in effect the serpent, an
old musical instrument, with keys added.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A large
brass wind instrument, formerly used in the orchestra and in military
bands, having a loud tone, deep pitch, and a compass of three
octaves; -- now generally supplanted by bass and contrabass
tubas.</def>  <i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i></p>

<p><hw>||O*phid"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, dim. of <grk>'o`fis</grk> a snake.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
order of reptiles which includes the serpents.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The most important divisions are: the <i>Solenoglypha</i>,
having erectile perforated fangs, as the rattlesnake; the
<i>Proteroglypha</i>, or elapine serpents, having permanently erect
fang, as the cobra; the <i>Asinea</i>, or colubrine serpents, which
are destitute of fangs; and the <i>Opoterodonta</i>, or
<i>Epanodonta</i>, blindworms, in which the mouth is not
dilatable.</p>

<p><hw>O*phid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ophidien</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Ophidia; a
snake or serpent.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*phid"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ophidien</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Ophidia; belonging to serpents.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*phid"i*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ophidion</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Ophidiid&aelig;</i>, a family of fishes which includes many
slender species.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
<i>Ophidiid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*phid"i*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ophidia</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?; little snake, fr.
<grk>'o`fis</grk> a serpent.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The typical
genus of ophidioid fishes. [Written also <i>Ophidium</i>.] See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Ophidioid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*phid"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ophidian.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`phi*ol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'o`fis</grk> serpent + &?; worship.] <def>The worship of
serpents.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O`phi*o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>O`phi*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to ophiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`phi*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in the natural history of serpents.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`phi*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'o`fis</grk> a serpent + <i>-logy</i>: cf.F. <i>ophioloqie</i>.]
<def>That part of natural history which treats of the ophidians, or
serpents.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"phi*o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'o`fis</grk> a serpent + <i>-mancy</i>: cf. F.
<i>ophiomantie</i>.] <def>Divination by serpents, as by their manner
of eating, or by their coils.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`phi*o*mor"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ophiomorphous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of tailless
amphibians having a slender, wormlike body with regular annulations,
and usually with minute scales imbedded in the skin. The limbs are
rudimentary or wanting. It includes the c&aelig;cilians. Called also
<i>Gymnophiona</i> and <i>Ophidobatrachia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`phi*o*mor"phite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'o`fis</grk> a serpent + &?; form.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An
ammonite.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`phi*o*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'o`fis</grk> a serpent + <i>-morphous</i>.] <def>Having the form
of a serpent.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`phi*oph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'o`fis</grk> a serpent + <grk>fagei^n</grk> to eat: cf. F.
<i>ophiophage</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feeding on serpents; --
said of certain birds and reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`phi*oph"a*gus</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ophiophagous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of venomous
East Indian snakes, which feed on other snakes. <i>Ophiophagus
elaps</i> is said to be the largest and most deadly of poisonous
snakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"phite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ofi`ths</grk>, fr. <grk>'o`fis</grk> a serpent.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a serpent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O"phite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ophites</i>, Gr.
<grk>'ofi`ths</grk> (sc. &?;), a kind of marble spotted like a
serpent: cf. F. <i>ophite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A greenish spotted
porphyry, being a diabase whose pyroxene has been altered to uralite;
-- first found in the Pyreness. So called from the colored spots
which give it a mottled appearance.</def> -- <wf>O*phi"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"phite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Ophitae</i>, pl. See
<u>Ophite</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Eccl.Hist.)</i> <def>A
mamber of a Gnostic serpent-worshiping sect of the second
century.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`phi*u"chus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, lit., holding a serpent; <grk>'o`fis</grk> a serpent + &?; to
hold.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation in the Northern
Hemisphere, delineated as a man holding a serpent in his hands; --
called also <i>Serpentarius</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`phi*u"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
snake + &?; a tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of ophiurioid
starfishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`phi*u"ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Ophiurioidea.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Ophiurioidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`phi*u"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Ophiurioid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`phi*u"ri*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Ophiurioidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`phi*u"ri*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Ophiurioidea.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Ophiurioidea.</def> [Written
also <i>ophiuroid</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>||O`phi*u`ri*oi"de*a</hw> (?), <hw>||O`phi*u*roi"de*a</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; serpent + &?; tail
+ &?; form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class of star-shaped
echinoderms having a disklike body, with slender, articulated arms,
which are not grooved beneath and are often very fragile; -- called
also <i>Ophiuroida</i> and <i>Ophiuridea</i>. See <i>Illust.</i>
under <u>Brittle star</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Oph"ry*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;, the brow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The supraorbital point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oph*thal"mi*a</hw> (&obreve;f*th&abreve;l"m&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ophthalmie</i>, L. <i>ophthalmia</i>, fr.
Gr. <grk>'ofqalmi`a</grk>, fr. <grk>'ofqalmo`s</grk> the eye, akin to
E. <i>optic</i>. See <u>Optic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
inflammation of the membranes or coats of the eye or of the
eyeball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oph*thal"mic</hw> (&obreve;f*th&abreve;l"m&ibreve;k; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'ofqalmiko`s</grk>: cf. F.
<i>ophthalmique</i>. See <u>Ophthalmia</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or in the region of, the eye; ocular; as the
<i>ophthalmic</i>, or orbitonasal, nerve, a division of the
trigeminal, which gives branches to the lachrymal gland, eyelids,
nose, and forehead.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ophthalmic region</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
space around the eyes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oph*thal"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ofqalmo`s</grk> the eye.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An eyestalk;
the organ which bears the compound eyes of decapod
Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oph*thal`mo*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to ophthalmology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oph`thal*mol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in ophthalmology; an oculist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oph`thal*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ofqalmo`s</grk> the eye + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F.
<i>ophthalmologie</i>.] <def>The science which treats of the
structure, functions, and diseases of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oph`thal*mom"e*ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'ofqalmo`s</grk> eye + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An
instrument devised by Helmholtz for measuring the size of a reflected
image on the convex surface of the cornea and lens of the eye, by
which their curvature can be ascertained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oph*thal"mo*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr.
<grk>'ofqalmo`s</grk> the eye + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>An instrument for viewing the interior of the eye, particularly
the retina. Light is thrown into the eye by a mirror (usually
concave) and the interior is then examined with or without the aid of
a lens.</def> -- <wf>Oph*thal`mo*scop"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Oph`thal*mos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ophthalmoscopie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A branch of
physiognomy which deduces the knowledge of a person's temper and
character from the appearance of the eyes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Examination of the eye with the
ophthalmoscope.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1006 !></p>

<p><hw>Oph*thal"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ophthalmia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`pi*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Opium</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an organic
acid obtained by the oxidation of narcotine.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pi*a*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid found in small quantity in opium. It is identical
with narcotine.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pi*a*nyl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Opianic</i> + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Meconin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Opium</u>:
cf.F. <i>opiat</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a medicine of a thicker
consistence than sirup, prepared with opium.</def>  <i>Parr.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any medicine that contains opium, and has
the quality of inducing sleep or repose; a narcotic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything which induces rest or inaction;
that which quiets uneasiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They chose atheism as an <i>opiate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pi*ate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Opium</u>.]
<def>Inducing sleep; somniferous; narcotic; hence, anodyne; causing
rest, dullness, or inaction; as, the <i>opiate</i> rod of
Hermes.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To subject to
the influence of an opiate; to put to sleep.</def> [R.]
<i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pi*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Mixed with opiates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Under the influence of opiates.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Opium.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>opifer</i>;
<i>ops</i>, <i>opis</i>, help + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Bringing
help.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Op"i*fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>opificium</i>,
fr. <i>opifex</i> workman. See <u>Office</u>.]
<def>Workmanship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pif"i*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An artificer;
a workman.</def> [Obs.] "The almighty <i>opificer</i>."
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pin"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>opinabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being opined or thought.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>opinatio</i>. See <u>Opine</u>,] <def>The act of thinking; a
supposition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O*pin"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Obstinate in
holding opinions; opinionated.</def> [Obs.] --
<wf>O*pin"a*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.
Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"i*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One fond
of his own opinious; one who holds an opinion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Opined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Opining</u>.] [L. <i>opinari</i>, p. p. <i>opinatus</i>; akin to
<i>opinus</i> (in comp.) thinking, and perh. to E. <i>apt</i>: cf. F.
<i>opiner</i>.] <def>To have an opinion; to judge; to think; to
suppose.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
opines.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>O`pin*ias"ter</hw> (?), <hw>O`pin*ia"tre</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>opiniastre</i>, F.
<i>opini&acirc;tre</i>. See <u>Opinion</u>.] <def>Opinionated.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`pin*ias"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Opiniaster</u>. [Obs.].</def></p>

<p><hw>O*pin"iate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hold or
maintain persistently.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ia*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Opinionated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ia*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Opinionative.</def> <i>Glanvill.</i> --
<wf>O*pin"ia*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>O*pin"ia*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>O`pin*ia"tor</hw>, <hw>O`pin*ia"tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is opinionated.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South. Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`pin*ia"tre</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Opiniaster</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`pin*iat"re*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>opini&acirc;tret&eacute;</i>.] <def>Obstinacy in opinious.</def>
[Written also <i>opiniatry</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O*pin"i*cus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>An imaginary animal borne as a charge, having wings, an eagle's
head, and a short tail; -- sometimes represented without
wings.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Opinion.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>opinio</i>. See <u>Opine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
is opined; a notion or conviction founded on probable evidence;
belief stronger than impression, less strong than positive knowledge;
settled judgment in regard to any point of knowledge or
action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Opinion</i> is when the assent of the understanding
is so far gained by evidence of probability, that it rather inclines
to one persussion than to another, yet not without a mixture of
incertainty or doubting.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not put off my <i>opinion</i> so
easily.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The judgment or sentiment which the mind
forms of persons or things; estimation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have bought golden <i>opinions</i> from all sorts of
people.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Friendship . . . gives a man a peculiar right and
claim to the good <i>opinion</i> of his friend.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>However, I have no <i>opinion</i> of those
things.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Favorable estimation; hence,
consideration; reputation; fame; public sentiment or esteem.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast redeemed thy lost
<i>opinion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This gained Agricola much <i>opinion</i>, who . . .
had made such early progress into laborious . . .
enterprises.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Obstinacy in holding to one's belief or
impression; opiniativeness; conceitedness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law.)</i> <def>The formal decision, or
expression of views, of a judge, an umpire, a counselor, or other
party officially called upon to consider and decide upon a matter or
point submitted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be of opinion</b></col>, <cd>to think; to judge.</cd> -
- <col><b>To hold opinion with</b></col>, <cd>to agree with.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sentiment; notion; persuasion; idea; view;
estimation. See <u>Sentiment</u>.</p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To opine.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being, or
capable of being, a matter of opinion; that can be thought; not
positively settled; as, an <i>opinionable</i> doctrine.</def>  <i>C.
J. Ellicott.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Opinionated.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ion*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stiff in
opinion; firmly or unduly adhering to one's own opinion or to
preconceived notions; obstinate in opinion.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ion*ate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Conceitedly.</def>  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ion*a*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
opinionist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ion*a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Unduly attached to one's own opinions; opinionated.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of an opinion;
conjectured.</def> [Obs.] "Things both <i>opinionative</i> and
practical." <i>Bunyan.</i> -- <wf>O*pin"ion*a*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>O*pin"ion*a*tive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ion*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
opinionated person; one given to conjecture.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Opinionated;
conceited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>opinioned</i> zeal which he thought
judicious.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pin"ion*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>opinioniste</i>.] <def>One fond of his own notions, or unduly
attached to his own opinions.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>opiparus</i>, fr. <i>ops</i>, <i>opis</i>, riches + <i>parare</i>
to provide.] <def>Sumptuous.</def> [Obs.] --
<wf>O*pip"a*rous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>E.
Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op`i*som"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
backwards + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument with a revolving wheel
for measuring a curved line, as on a map.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*pis"thi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; hinder.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The middle of the posterior, or
dorsal, margin of the great foramen of the skull.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||O*pis`tho*bran"chi*a</hw> (?),
<hw>O*pis`tho*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., from Gr. &?; behind + &?; gills.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of gastropod Mollusca, in which the breathing organs are
usually situated behind the heart. It includes the tectibranchs and
nudibranchs.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*pis`tho*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Opisthobranchiata.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Opisthobranchiata.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O*pis`tho*c&oelig;"li*an</hw> (?),
<hw>O*pis`tho*c&oelig;"lous</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
behind + <grk>koi^los</grk> hollow,] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Concave
behind; -- applied especially to vertebr&aelig; in which the anterior
end of the centrum is convex and the posterior concave.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*pis"tho*dome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>opisthodomus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; behind + <grk>do`mos</grk> house:
cf. F. <i>opisthodome</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A back chamber;
especially, that part of the naos, or cella, farthest from the main
entrance, sometimes having an entrance of its own, and often used as
a treasury.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*pis`tho*glyph"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?; behind + &?; to carve.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of serpents which have some of the posterior maxillary teeth
grooved for fangs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op`is*thog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
behind + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A writing upon the back of anything,
as upon the back of a leaf or sheet already written upon on one
side.</def> [R.]  <i>Scudamore.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Op`is*tho"mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; behind + &?; the shoulder.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of eellike fishes having the scapular arch attached to the
vertebr&aelig;, but not connected with the skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*pis`tho*pul"mo*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[Gr. &?;
behind + E. <i>pulmonate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the
pulmonary sac situated posteriorly; -- said of certain air-breathing
Mollusca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op`is*thot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; behind +
&?;, &?;, ear.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The inferior and posterior of the
three elements forming the periotic bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Op`is*thot"o*nos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; backwards + &?; a stretching.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tetanic
spasm in which the body is bent backwards and stiffened.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*pit`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>opitulatio</i>, fr. <i>opitulari</i> to bring help.] <def>The act
of helping or aiding; help.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; poppy
juice, dim. of &?; vegetable juice.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
inspissated juice of the <i>Papaver somniferum</i>, or white
poppy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Opium is obtained from incisions made in the capsules of
the plant, and the best flows from the first incision. It is imported
into Europe and America chiefly from the Levant, and large quantities
are sent to China from India, Persia, and other countries. It is of a
brownish yellow color, has a faint smell, and bitter and acrid taste.
It is a stimulant narcotic poison, which may produce hallicinations,
profound sleep, or death. It is much used in medicine to soothe pain
and inflammation, and is smoked as an intoxicant with baneful
effects.</p>

<p><col><b>Opium joint</b></col>, <cd>a low resort of opium
smokers.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>O"ple tree`</hw> (?). [L. <i>opulus</i> a kind of maple tree.]
<def>The witch-hazel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Op`o*bal"sam</hw> (?), <hw>||Op`o*bal"sa*mum</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>opobalsamum</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; vegetable
juice + &?; balsam.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The old name of the aromatic
resinous juice of the <i>Balsamodendron opobalsamum</i>, now commonly
called <i>balm of Gilead</i>. See under <u>Balm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op`o*del"doc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called by
Paracelsus. The first syllable may be fr. Gr. &?; vegetable
juice.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of plaster, said to have been
invented by Mindererus, -- used for external injuries.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A saponaceous, camphorated liniment; a
solution of soap in alcohol, with the addition of camphor and
essential oils; soap liniment.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*pop"a*nax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;;
&?; vegetable juice + &?;, &?;. a kind of plant: cf. F.
<i>opopanax</i>.] <def>The inspissated juice of an umbelliferous
plant (the <i>Opoponax Chironum</i>), brought from Turkey and the
East Indies in loose granules, or sometimes in larger masses, of a
reddish yellow color, with specks of white. It has a strong smell and
acrid taste, and was formerly used in medicine as an emmenagogue and
antispasmodic.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*pos"sum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of N. American
Indian origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any American marsupial of
the genera <i>Didelphys</i> and <i>Chironectes</i>. The common
species of the United States is <i>Didelphys
Virginiana</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Several related species are found in South America. The
water opossum of Brazil (<i>Chironectes variegatus</i>), which has
the hind feet, webbed, is provided with a marsupial pouch and with
cheek pouches. It is called also <i>yapock</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Opossum mouse</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Flying mouse</i>, under <u>Flying</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Opossum
shrimp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any schizopod crustacean of
the genus <i>Mysis</i> and allied genera. See
<u>Schizopoda</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Op"pi*dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oppidanus</i>,
fr. <i>oppidum</i> town.] <def>Of or pertaining to a town.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"pi*dan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An inhabitant of a town.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A student of Eton College, England, who is
not a King's scholar, and who boards in a private family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op*pig"ner*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oppigneratus</i>, p. p. of <i>oppignerare</i> to pawn. See <u>Ob-
</u>, and <u>Pignerate</u>.] <def>To pledge; to pawn.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"pi*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Oppilated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Oppilating</u> (?).] [L. <i>oppilatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>oppilare</i> to stop up; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) +
<i>pilare</i> to ram down, to thrust.] <def>To crowd together; to
fill with obstructions; to block up.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op`pi*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oppilatio</i>: cf. F. <i>opilation</i>.] <def>The act of filling
or crowding together; a stopping by redundant matter; obstruction,
particularly in the lower intestines.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op`pi*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>opilatif</i>. See <u>Oppilate</u>.] <def>Obstructive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Op*plete"</hw> (?), <hw>Op*plet"ed</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oppletus</i>, p. p. of <i>opplere</i> to
fill up; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>plere</i> to fill.]
<def>Filled; crowded.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*ple"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
filling up, or the state of being filled up; fullness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Op*pone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>opponere</i>. See <u>Opponent</u>.] <def>To oppose.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*po"nen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
opening an academical disputation; the proposition of objections to a
tenet, as an exercise for a degree.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*po"nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>opponens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>opponere</i> to set or place against, to
oppose; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>ponere</i> to place. See
<u>Position</u>.] <def>Situated in front; opposite; hence, opposing;
adverse; antagonistic.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*po"nent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who opposes; an adversary; an antagonist; a foe.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who opposes in a disputation,
argument, or other verbal controversy; specifically, one who attacks
some theirs or proposition, in distinction from the
<i>respondent</i>, or <i>defendant</i>, who maintains it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How becomingly does Philopolis exercise his office,
and seasonably commit the <i>opponent</i> with the respondent, like a
long-practiced moderator!</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Antagonist; opposer; foe. See <u>Adversary</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Op`por*tune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>opporiun</i>, L. <i>opportunus</i>, lit., at or before the port;
<i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + a derivative of <i>portus</i> port,
harbor. See <u>Port</u> harbor.] <def>Convenient; ready; hence,
seasonable; timely.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is most <i>opportune</i> to our
need.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Op`por*tune"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Op`por*tune"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Op`por*tune"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To suit.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. Clerke(1637).</i></p>

<p><hw>Op`por*tun"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>opportunisme</i>.] <def>The art or practice of taking advantage of
opportunities or circumstances, or of seeking immediate advantage
with little regard for ultimate consequences.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><hw>Op`por*tun"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>opportuniste</i>.] <def>One who advocates or practices
opportunism.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><hw>Op`por*tu"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Opportunities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>opportunit&eacute;</i>,
L. <i>opportunitas</i>. See <u>Opportune</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fit or convenient time; a time or place favorable for executing
a purpose; a suitable combination of conditions; suitable occasion;
chance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wise man will make more <i>opportunities</i> than he
finds.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Convenience of situation; fitness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hull, a town of great strength and <i>opportunity</i>,
both to sea and land affairs.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Importunity; earnestness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Occasion; convenience; occurrence.  --
<u>Opportunity</u>, <u>Occasion</u>. An <i>occasion</i> is that which
falls in our way, or presents itself in the course of events; an
<i>opportunity</i> is a convenience or fitness of time, place, etc.,
for the doing of a thing. Hence, <i>occasions</i> often make
<i>opportunities</i>. The <i>occasion</i> of sickness may give
<i>opportunity</i> for reflection.</p>

<p><hw>Op*pos`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition or quality of being opposable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In no savage have I ever seen the slightest approach
to <i>opposability</i> of the great toe, which is the essential
distinguishing feature of apes.</blockquote> <i>A. R.
Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being opposed or resisted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being placed opposite something
else; as, the thumb is <i>opposable</i> to the forefinger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op*pos"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Opposition.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Opposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Opposing</u>.] [F. <i>opposer</i>. See <u>Ob-</u>, <u>Pose</u>,
and cf.2d <u>Appose</u>, <u>Puzzle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Cf.L.
<i>opponere</i>, <i>oppositum</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place
in front of, or over against; to set opposite; to exhibit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her grace sat down . . . <BR>
In a rich chair of state; <i>opposing</i> freely<BR>
The beauty of her person to the people.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put in opposition, with a view to
counterbalance or countervail; to set against; to offer
antagonistically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I may . . . <i>oppose</i> my single opinion to
his.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To resist or antagonize by physical means,
or by arguments, etc.; to contend against; to confront; to resist; to
withstand; as, to <i>oppose</i> the king in battle; to <i>oppose</i>
a bill in Congress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To compete with; to strive against; as, to
<i>oppose</i> a rival for a prize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am . . . too weak<BR>
To <i>oppose</i> your cunning.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To combat; withstand; contradict; deny; gainsay;
oppugn; contravene; check; obstruct.</p>

<p><! p. 1007 !></p>

<p><hw>Op*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be set opposite.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act adversely or in opposition; -- with
<i>against</i> or <i>to</i>; as, a servant <i>opposed</i> against the
act.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make objection or opposition in
controversy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op*pose"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be
effectually opposed; irresistible.</def> [Obs.] "Your great
<i>opposeless</i> wills."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*pos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who opposes;
an opponent; an antagonist; an adversary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"po*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>oppositus</i>, p. p. of <i>opponere</i>. See <u>Opponent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Placed over against; standing or situated
over against or in front; facing; -- often with <i>to</i>; as, a
house <i>opposite</i> to the Exchange.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Applied to the other of two things which
are entirely different; other; as, the <i>opposite</i> sex; the
<i>opposite</i> extreme.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Extremely different; inconsistent;
contrary; repugnant; antagonistic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Novels, by which the reader is misled into another
sort of pieasure <i>opposite</i> to that which is designed in an epic
poem.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Particles of speech have divers, and sometimes almost
<i>opposite</i>, significations.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Set over
against each other, but separated by the whole diameter of the stem,
as two leaves at the same node.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Placed
directly in front of another part or organ, as a stamen which stands
before a petal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"po*site</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who opposes; an opponent; an antagonist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>opposites</i> of this day's
strife.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is opposed or contrary; as,
sweetness and its <i>opposite</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The virtuous man meets with more <i>opposites</i> and
opponents than any other.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"po*site*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a situation
to face each other; in an opposite manner or direction;
adversely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Winds from all quarters <i>oppositely</i>
blow.</blockquote> <i>May.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"po*site*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being opposite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op*pos`i*ti*fo"li*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Opposite</u>, <u>Folious</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Placed at the
same node with a leaf, but separated from it by the whole diameter of
the stem; as, an <i>oppositifolious</i> peduncle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>oppositio</i>. See <u>Opposite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of opposing; an attempt to check, restrain, or defeat;
resistance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The counterpoise of so great an
<i>opposition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Virtue which breaks through all
<i>opposition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being placed over against;
situation so as to front something else.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Repugnance; contrariety of sentiment,
interest, or purpose; antipathy.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which opposes; an obstacle;
specifically, the aggregate of persons or things opposing; hence, in
politics and parliamentary practice, the party opposed to the party
in power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The situation of a
heavenly body with respect to another when in the part of the heavens
directly opposite to it; especially, the position of a planet or
satellite when its longitude differs from that of the sun 180&deg;; -
- signified by the symbol &?;; as, &?; &Jupiter; &Sun;, opposition of
Jupiter to the sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The relation between two
propositions when, having the same subject and predicate, they differ
in quantity, or in quality, or in both; or between two propositions
which have the same matter but a different form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op`po*si"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
belongs to the opposition party.</def>  <i>Praed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*pos`i*ti*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Opposite</u>, and <u>Petal</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Placed in
front of a petal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op*pos`i*ti*sep"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Opposite</u>, and <u>Sepal</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Placed in
front of a sepal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op*pos`i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>oppositif</i>. See <u>Opposite</u>.] <def>Capable of being put in
opposition.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*press"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Oppressed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Oppressing</u>.] [F. <i>oppresser</i>, LL. <i>oppressare</i>, fr.
L. <i>oppressus</i>, p. p. of <i>opprimere</i>; <i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-
</u>) + <i>premere</i> to press. See <u>Press</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To impose excessive burdens upon; to
overload; hence, to treat with unjust rigor or with cruelty.</def>
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For thee, <i>oppress&egrave;d</i> king, am I cast
down.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold the kings of the earth; how they
<i>oppress</i><BR>
Thy chosen !</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ravish; to violate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put down; to crush out; to
suppress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The mutiny he there hastes to
<i>oppress</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To produce a sensation of weight in (some
part of the body); as, my lungs are <i>oppressed</i> by the damp air;
excess of food <i>oppresses</i> the stomach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op*pres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>oppressio</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of oppressing, or state of being
oppressed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which oppresses; a hardship or
injustice; cruelty; severity; tyranny.</def> "The multitude of
<i>oppressions</i>."  <i>Job xxxv. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sense of heaviness or obstruction in the
body or mind; depression; dullness; lassitude; as, an
<i>oppression</i> of spirits; an <i>oppression</i> of the
lungs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There gentlee Sleep<BR>
First found me, and with soft <i>oppression</i> seized<BR>
My drowsed sense.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Ravishment; rape.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*press"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>oppressif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unreasonably burdensome; unjustly severe,
rigorous, or harsh; as, <i>oppressive</i> taxes; <i>oppressive</i>
exactions of service; an <i>oppressive</i> game law.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Using oppression; tyrannical; as,
<i>oppressive</i> authority or commands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Heavy; overpowering; hard to be borne; as,
<i>oppressive</i> grief or woe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To ease the soul of one <i>oppressive</i>
weight.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Op*press"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Op*press"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Op*press"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
oppresses; one who imposes unjust burdens on others; one who harasses
others with unjust laws or unreasonable severity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The orphan pines while the <i>oppressor</i>
feeds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To relieve the oppressed and to punish the
<i>oppressor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*pres"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Oppression.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Op*pro"bri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>opprobriosus</i>, fr. <i>opprobrium</i>. See <u>Opprobrium</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Expressive of opprobrium; attaching disgrace;
reproachful; scurrilous; as, <i>opprobrious</i> language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . vindicate themselves in terms no less
<i>opprobrious</i> than those by which they are
attacked.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Infamous; despised; rendered hateful; as,
an <i>opprobrious</i> name.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This dark, <i>opprobrious</i> den of
shame.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Op*pro"bri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Op*pro"bri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Op*pro"bri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>probrum</i> reproach, disgrace.]
<def>Disgrace; infamy; reproach mingled with contempt; abusive
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being both dramatic author and dramatic performer, he
found himself heir to a twofold <i>opprobrium</i>.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*pro"bry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Opprobrium.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*pugn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Oppugned</u> (?); <pos><i>p pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Oppugning</u>.] [OF. <i>oppugner</i>, L. <i>oppugnare</i>;
<i>ob</i> (see <u>Ob-</u>) + <i>pugnare</i> to fight. See
<u>Impugn</u>.] <def>To fight against; to attack; to be in conflict
with; to oppose; to resist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They said the manner of their impeachment they could
not but conceive did <i>oppugn</i> the rights of
Parliament.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*pug"nan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Oppugnant</u>.] <def>The act of oppugning; opposition;
resistance.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*pug"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oppugnans</i>, p. pr. of <i>oppugnare</i>. See <u>Oppugn</u>.]
<def>Tending to awaken hostility; hostile; opposing; warring.</def>
"<i>Oppugnant</i> forces." <i>I. Taylor.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An opponent.</def> [R.] <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op`pug*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oppugnatio</i>: cf. OF. <i>oppugnation</i>.]
<def>Opposition.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*pugn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who opposes
or attacks; that which opposes.</def>  <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*sim"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Education late in life.</def> [R.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op`si*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sight +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>opsiom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument
for measuring the limits of distincts vision in different
individuals, and thus determiming the proper focal length of a lens
for correcting imperfect sight.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op`so*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>opsonatio</i>.] <def>A catering; a buying of provisions.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>optabilis</i>.] <def>That may be chosen; desirable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>optatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>optare</i>.] <def>To choose; to wish for; to
desire.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>optatio</i>.
See <u>Option</u>.] <def>The act of optating; a wish.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>optativus</i>: cf. F. <i>optatif</i>.] <def>Expressing desire or
wish.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Optative mood</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>that mood or
form of a verb, as in Greek, Sanskrit, etc., in which a wish or
desire is expressed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Op"ta*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>optatif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something to be desired.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The optative mood; also, a
verb in the optative mood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"ta*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an optative
manner; with the expression of desire.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God blesseth man imperatively, and man blesseth God
<i>optatively</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Optic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The organ of sight; an
eye.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The difference is as great between<BR>
The <i>optics</i> seeing, as the object seen.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An eyeglass.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Op"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Op"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>optique</i>, Gr. &?;; akin to &?; sight,
&?; I have seen, &?; I shall see, and to &?; the two eyes, &?; face,
L. <i>oculus</i> eye. See <u>Ocular</u>, <u>Eye</u>, and cf.
<u>Canopy</u>, <u>Ophthalmia</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to vision or sight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moon, whose orb<BR>
Through <i>optic</i> glass the Tuscan artist views.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the eye; ocular; as,
the <i>optic</i> nerves (the first pair of cranial nerves) which are
distributed to the retina. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Brain</u>, and
<u>Eye</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the science of optics; as,
<i>optical</i> works.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Optic angle</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the angle
included between the optic axes of the two eyes when directed to the
same point; -- sometimes called <i>binocular parallax</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Optic axis</b></col>. <i>(Opt.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
line drawn through the center of the eye perpendicular to its
anterior and posterior surfaces. In a normal eye it is in the
direction of the optic axis that objects are most distinctly
seen.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The line in a doubly refracting
crystal, in the direction of which no double refraction occurs. A
uniaxial crystal has one such line, a biaxial crystal has two.</cd> -
- <col><b>Optical circle</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>a graduated
circle used for the measurement of angles in optical
experiments.</cd> -- <col><b>Optical square</b></col>, <cd>a
surveyor's instrument with reflectors for laying off right
angles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Op"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By optics or
sight; with reference to optics.</def></p>

<p>
<col><b>Optically active</b></col>, <col><b>Optically
inactive</b></col> <i>(Chem. Physics)</i>, <cd>terms used of certain
metameric substances which, while identical with each other in other
respects, differ in this, viz., that they do or do not produce right-
handed or left-handed circular polarization of light.</cd> --
<col><b>Optically positive</b></col>, <col><b>Optically
negative</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Refraction</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Op*ti"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>opticien</i>. See <u>Optic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One skilled in optics.</def> [R.]  <i>A.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who deals in optical glasses and
instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>optique</i>, L. <i>optice</i>, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;). See
<u>Optic</u>.] <def>That branch of physical science which treats of
the nature and properties of light, the laws of its modification by
opaque and transparent bodies, and the phenomena of vision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"ti*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Optic</i> +
<i>-graph</i>: cf. F. <i>opticographe</i>. See <u>Optic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> ] <def>A telescope with a diagonal eyepiece,
suspended vertically in gimbals by the object end beneath a fixed
diagonal plane mirror. It is used for delineating landscapes, by
means of a pencil at the eye end which leaves the delineation on
paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"ti*ma*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>optimatie</i>. See <u>Optimate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Government by the nobility.</def> [R.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Collectively, the nobility.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Op"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>optimas</i>,
<i>-atis</i>, adj., <i>optimates</i>, n. pl., the adherents of the
best men, the aristocrats, fr. <i>optimus</i> the best.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the nobility or aristocracy.</def> [R.] --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nobleman or aristocrat; a chief man in a
state or city.</def> [R.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Op`ti*ma"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Optimate</u>.] <def>The nobility or aristocracy of ancient Rome,
as opposed to the <i>populares</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"ti*me</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., adv. fr.
<i>optimus</i> the best.] <def>One of those who stand in the second
rank of honors, immediately after the wranglers, in the University of
Cambridge, England. They are divided into senior and junior
optimes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"ti*mism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>optimus</i>
the best; akin to <i>optio</i> choice: cf. F. <i>optimisme</i>. See
<u>Option</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The opinion or doctrine
that everything in nature, being the work of God, is ordered for the
best, or that the ordering of things in the universe is such as to
produce the highest good.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disposition to take the most hopeful
view; -- opposed to <i>pessimism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"ti*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>optimiste</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>One who holds the opinion
that all events are ordered for the best.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who looks on the bright side of
things, or takes hopeful views; -- opposed to
<i>pessimist</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op`ti*mis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
optimism; tending, or conforming, to the opinion that all events are
ordered for the best.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hopeful; sanguine; as, an
<i>optimistic</i> view.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op*tim"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>optimitas</i>, fr. <i>optimus</i> the best.] <def>The state of
being best.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>optio</i>; akin
to <i>optare</i> to choose, wish, <i>optimus</i> best, and perh. to
E. <i>apt</i>: cf. F. <i>option</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The power of choosing; the right of choice
or election; an alternative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is an <i>option</i> left to the United States of
America, whether they will be respectable and prosperous, or
contemptible and miserable, as a nation.</blockquote>
<i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The exercise of the power of choice;
choice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Transplantation must proceed from the <i>option</i> of
the people, else it sounds like an exile.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wishing; a wish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i> <def>A right formerly
belonging to an archbishop to select any one dignity or benefice in
the gift of a suffragan bishop consecrated or confirmed by him, for
bestowal by himself when next vacant; -- annulled by Parliament in
1845.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>A stipulated
privilege, given to a party in a time contract, of demanding its
fulfillment on any day within a specified limit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Buyer's option</b></col>, <cd>an option allowed to one who
contracts to buy stocks at a certain future date and at a certain
price, to demand the delivery of the stock (giving one day's notice)
at any previous time at the market price.</cd> -- <col><b>Seller's
option</b></col>, <cd>an option allowed to one who contracts to
deliver stock art a certain price on a certain future date, to
deliver it (giving one day's notice) at any previous time at the
market price. Such options are privileges for which a consideration
is paid.</cd> -- <col><b>Local option</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Local</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Choice; preference; selection.  -- <u>Option</u>,
<u>Choice</u>. <i>Choice</i> is an act of choosing; <i>option</i>
often means liberty to choose, and implies freedom from constraint in
the act of choosing.</p>

<p><hw>Op"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Involving an
option; depending on the exercise of an option; left to one's
discretion or choice; not compulsory; as, <i>optional</i> studies; it
is <i>optional</i> with you to go or stay.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Elective</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>If to the former the movement was not <i>optional</i>,
it was the same that the latter chose when it was
<i>optional</i>.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Original writs are either <i>optional</i> or
peremptory.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an optional
manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Op"to*c&oelig;le</hw> (?), <hw>||Op`to*c&oelig;"li*a</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>optocoelia</i>, fr. Gr. &?; optic
+ <grk>koi^los</grk> a hollow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The cavity of one
of the optic lobes of the brain in many animals.</def>  <i>B. G.
Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"to*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Opt</i>ic + <i>-
gram</i>: cf. F. <i>optogramme</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An image
of external objects fixed on the retina by the photochemical action
of light on the visual purple. See <u>Optography</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Opt</i>ic +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The production of an optogram
on the retina by the photochemical action of light on the visual
purple; the fixation of an image in the eye. The object so
photographed shows white on a purple or red background. See <i>Visual
purple</i>, under <u>Visual</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Opt</i>ic +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring
the distance of distinct vision, mainly for the selection of
eveglasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op"u*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>opulentia</i>: cf. F. <i>opulence</i>. See <u>Opulent</u>.]
<def>Wealth; riches; affluence.</def>  <i>Swift</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"u*len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Opulence</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Op"u*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>opulens</i>,
<i>opulentus</i>, fr. <i>ops</i>, <i>opis</i>, power, wealth, riches,
perh. akin to E. <i>apt</i>: cf. F. <i>opulent</i>.  Cf.
<u>Copious</u>, <u>Couple</u>, <u>Office</u>.] <def>Having a large
estate or property; wealthy; rich; affluent; as, an <i>opulent</i>
city; an <i>opulent</i> citizen.</def> -- <wf>Op"u*lent*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>I will piece<BR>
Her <i>opulent</i> throne with kingdoms.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||O*pun"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of cactaceous plants; the prickly pear, or
Indian fig.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Opera</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Opera</u>.] <def>A work;
specif. <i>(Mus.)</i>, a musical composition.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Each composition, or set of pieces, as the composer may
choose, is called an <i>opus</i>, and they are numbered in the order
of their issue. (Often abbrev. to op.)</p>

<p><! p. 1008 !></p>

<p><col><b>Opus incertum</b></col>. [L.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Incertum</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>O*pus"cle</hw> (?), <hw>O*pus"cule</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>opusculum</i>, dim. of <i>opus</i> work:
cf. F. <i>opuscule</i>.] <def>A small or petty work.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*pus"cu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Opuscula</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>An opuscule.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"pye</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Opium.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*quas"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small, handsome trout (<i>Salvelinus oquassa</i>), found in
some of the lakes in Maine; -- called also <i>blueback
trout</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-or</hw>. [L. <i>-or</i>: cf. OF. <i>-or</i>, <i>-ur</i>, <i>-
our</i>, F. <i>-eur</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A noun suffix denoting an <i>act</i>; a
<i>state</i> or <i>quality</i>; as in err<i>or</i>, ferv<i>or</i>,
pall<i>or</i>, cand<i>or</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A noun suffix denoting an <i>agent</i> or
<i>doer</i>; as in audit<i>or</i>, one who hears; don<i>or</i>, one
who gives; oblig<i>or</i>, elevat<i>or</i>. It is correlative to <i>-
ee</i>. In general <i>-or</i> is appended to words of Latin, and <i>-
er</i> to those of English, origin. See <u>-er</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>or</i>,
<i>outher</i>, <i>other</i>, <i>auther</i>, either, or, AS.
<i>&amacr;w&?;er</i>, contr. from <i>&amacr;hw&aelig;&?;er</i>;
<i>&amacr;</i> aye + <i>hw&aelig;&?;er</i> whether. See <u>Aye</u>,
and <u>Whether</u>, and cf. <u>Either</u>.] <def>A particle that
marks an alternative; as, you may read <i>or</i> may write, -- that
is, you may do one of the things at your pleasure, but not both. It
corresponds to <i>either</i>. You may ride <i>either</i> to London
<i>or</i> to Windsor. It often connects a series of words or
propositions, presenting a choice of either; as, he may study law,
<i>or</i> medicine, <i>or</i> divinity, <i>or</i> he may enter into
trade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If man's convenience, health,<BR>
<i>Or</i> safety interfere, his rights and claims<BR>
Are paramount.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Or</i> may be used to join as alternatives terms
expressing unlike things or ideas (as, is the orange sour <i>or</i>
sweet?), or different terms expressing the same thing or idea; as,
this is a sphere, <i>or</i> globe.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Or</i> sometimes begins a sentence. In this case it
expresses an alternative or subjoins a clause differing from the
foregoing. "<i>Or</i> what man is there of you, who, if his son shall
ask him for a loaf, will give him a stone?"  <i>Matt. vii. 9 (Rev.
Ver. ).</i></p>

<p>   <i>Or</i> for <i>either</i> is archaic or poetic.</p>

<p><blockquote>Maugre thine heed, thou must for indigence<BR>
<i>Or</i> steal, <i>or</i> beg, <i>or</i> borrow thy
dispence.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Or</hw>, <pos><i>prep. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&?;r</i> ere,
before. &radic;204. See <u>Ere</u>, <pos><i>prep. &amp; adv.</i></pos>]
<def>Ere; before; sooner than.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But natheless, while I have time and space,<BR>
<i>Or</i> that I forther in this tale pace.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Or ever</b></col>, <col><b>Or ere</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Ever</u>, and <u>Ere</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>aurum</i> gold.
Cf. <u>Aureate</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Yellow or gold color, --
represented in drawing or engraving by small dots.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. See 2d <u>Ore</u>.]
<def>A money of account among the Anglo-Saxons, valued, in the
Domesday Book, at twenty pence sterling.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`ra*bas"su</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American monkey of the genus
<i>Callithrix</i>, esp.</def>  <i>C. Moloch.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or"ach</hw>, <hw>Or"ache</hw>} (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>arroche</i>, corrupted fr. L. <i>atriplex</i>, Gr. &?;.  Cf.
<u>Arrach</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus (<i>Atriplex</i>) of herbs
or low shrubs of the Goosefoot family, most of them with a mealy
surface.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Garden orache</b></col>, <cd>a plant (<i>Atriplex
hortensis</i>), often used as a pot herb; -- also called <i>mountain
spinach</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"a*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>oraculum</i>, fr. <i>orare</i> to speak, utter, pray, fr.
<i>os</i>, <i>oris</i>, mouth. See <u>Oral</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The answer of a god, or some person
reputed to be a god, to an inquiry respecting some affair or future
event, as the success of an enterprise or battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatso'er she saith, for <i>oracles</i> must
stand.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: The deity who was supposed to give
the answer; also, the place where it was given.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>oracles</i> are dumb;<BR>
No voice or hideous hum<BR>
Runs through the arched roof in words deceiving.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The communications, revelations, or
messages delivered by God to the prophets; also, the entire sacred
Scriptures -- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first principles of the <i>oracles</i> of
God.</blockquote> <i>Heb. v. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>The sanctuary, or
Most Holy place in the temple; also, the temple itself.</def>  <i>1
Kings vi. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Siloa's brook, that flow'd<BR>
Fast by the <i>oracle</i> of God.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One who communicates a divine command; an
angel; a prophet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God hath now sent his living <i>oracle</i><BR>
Into the world to teach his final will.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Any person reputed uncommonly wise; one
whose decisions are regarded as of great authority; as, a literary
<i>oracle</i>.</def> "<i>Oracles</i> of mode."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The country rectors . . . thought him an <i>oracle</i>
on points of learning.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A wise sentence or decision of great
authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"a*cle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Oracled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Oracling</u> (?).] <def>To utter oracles.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O*rac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oracularius</i>. See <u>Oracle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an oracle; uttering
oracles; forecasting the future; as, an <i>oracular</i>
tongue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling an oracle in some way, as in
solemnity, wisdom, authority, obscurity, ambiguity,
dogmatism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have something venerable and <i>oracular</i> in
that unadorned gravity and shortness in the expression.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>O*rac"u*lar*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>O*rac"u*lar*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O*rac"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Oracular; of
the nature of an oracle.</def> [R.] "Equivocations, or
<i>oraculous</i> speeches." <i>Bacon.</i> "The <i>oraculous</i>
seer." <i>Pope.</i> -- <wf>O*rac"u*lous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>O*rac"u*lous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O*ra"gious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>orageux</i>.]
<def>Stormy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Or"ai*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Orison</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>os</i>,
<i>oris</i>, the mouth, akin to Skr. <i>&amacr;s</i>.  Cf.
<u>Adore</u>, <u>Orison</u>, <u>Usher</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Uttered by the mouth, or in words; spoken, not written; verbal;
as, <i>oral</i> traditions; <i>oral</i> testimony; <i>oral</i>
law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the mouth; surrounding
or lining the mouth; as, <i>oral</i> cilia or cirri.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In an oral manner.</def>  <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By, with, or in, the mouth; as, to receive
the sacrament <i>orally</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Usher.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*rang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Orang-outang</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"ange</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; cf. It.
<i>arancia</i>, <i>arancio</i>, LL. <i>arangia</i>, Sp.
<i>naranjia</i>, Pg. <i>laranja</i>; all fr. Ar. <i>n&amacr;ranj</i>,
Per. <i>n&amacr;ranj</i>, <i>n&amacr;rang</i>; cf. Skr.
<i>n&amacr;ranga</i> orange tree. The <i>o-</i> in F. <i>orange</i>
is due to confusion with <i>or</i> gold, L. <i>aurum</i>, because the
orange resembles gold in color.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fruit of a tree of the genus
<i>Citrus</i> (<i>C. Aurantium</i>). It is usually round, and
consists of pulpy carpels, commonly ten in number, inclosed in a
leathery rind, which is easily separable, and is reddish yellow when
ripe.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are numerous varieties of oranges; as, the <i>bitter
orange</i>, which is supposed to be the original stock; the <i>navel
orange</i>, which has the rudiment of a second orange imbedded in the
top of the fruit; the <i>blood orange</i>, with a reddish juice; and
the <i>horned orange</i>, in which the carpels are partly
separated.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The tree that bears oranges;
the orange tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The color of an orange; reddish
yellow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mandarin orange</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Mandarin</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Mock orange</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any species of
shrubs of the genus <i>Philadelphus</i>, which have whitish and often
fragrant blossoms.</cd> -- <col><b>Native orange</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Orange thorn</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an Australian shrub
(<i>Citriobatus parviflorus</i>); also, its edible yellow
berries.</cd> -- <col><b>Orange bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a tanager of Jamaica (<i>Tanagra zena</i>); -- so called from its
bright orange breast.</cd> -- <col><b>Orange cowry</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large, handsome cowry (<i>Cypr&aelig;a
aurantia</i>), highly valued by collectors of shells on account of
its rarity.</cd> -- <col><b>Orange grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an inconspicuous annual American plant (<i>Hypericum
Sarothra</i>), having minute, deep yellow flowers.</cd> --
<col><b>Orange oil</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an oily, terpenelike
substance obtained from orange rind, and distinct from neroli oil,
which is obtained from the flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Orange
pekoe</b></col>, <cd>a kind of black tea.</cd> -- <col><b>Orange
pippin</b></col>, <cd>an orange-colored apple with acid flavor.</cd>
-- <col><b>Quito orange</b></col>, <cd>the orangelike fruit of a
shrubby species of nightshade (<i>Solanum Quitoense</i>), native in
Quito.</cd> -- <col><b>Orange scale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>any species of scale insects which infests orange trees;
especially, the purple scale (<i>Mytilaspis citricola</i>), the long
scale (<i>M. Gloveri</i>), and the red scale (<i>Aspidiotus
Aurantii</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"ange</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to an
orange; of the color of an orange; reddish yellow; as, an <i>orange
ribbon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ange*ade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>orange</i>.] <def>A drink made of orange juice and water,
corresponding to <i>lemonade</i>; orange sherbet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`an*geat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>orange</i>.] <def>Candied orange peel; also, orangeade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"ange*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Attachment to
the principles of the society of Orangemen; the tenets or practices
of the Orangemen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"ange*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-men</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One of a secret society, organized
in the north of Ireland in 1795, the professed objects of which are
the defense of the regning sovereign of Great Britain, the support of
the Protestant religion, the maintenance of the laws of the kingdom,
etc.; -- so called in honor of William, Prince of Orange, who became
William III. of England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"ange*root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American ranunculaceous plant (<i>Hidrastis Canadensis</i>),
having a yellow tuberous root; -- also called <i>yellowroot</i>,
<i>golden seal</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"an*ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>orangerie</i>, fr. <i>orange</i>. See <u>Orange</u>.] <def>A place
for raising oranges; a plantation of orange trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"ange*taw`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Deep
orange-yellow; dark yellow.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"an*gite</hw> (?), <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An orange-yellow
variety of the mineral thorite, found in Norway.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*rang"-ou*tang`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malayan
<i>&?;rang &?;tan</i>, i. e., man of the woods; <i>&?;rang</i> man +
<i>&?;tan</i> a forest, wood, wild, savage.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An arboreal anthropoid ape (<i>Simia satyrus</i>), which
inhabits Borneo and Sumatra. Often called simply <i>orang</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>orang-outan</i>, <i>orang-utan</i>, <i>ourang-
utang</i>, and <i>oran-utan</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; It is over four feet high, when full grown, and has very
long arms, which reach nearly or quite to the ground when the body is
erect. Its color is reddish brown. In structure, it closely resembles
man in many respects.</p>

<p><hw>O*ra"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>orarius</i>,
fr. <i>ora</i> coast.] <def>Of or pertaining to a coast.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>oratio</i>, fr.
<i>orare</i> to speak, utter, pray. See <u>Oral</u>, <u>Orison</u>.]
<def>An elaborate discourse, delivered in public, treating an
important subject in a formal and dignified manner; especially, a
discourse having reference to some special occasion, as a funeral, an
anniversary, a celebration, or the like; -- distinguished from an
argument in court, a popular harangue, a sermon, a lecture, etc.; as,
Webster's <i>oration</i> at Bunker Hill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lord archbishop . . . made a long
<i>oration</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Address; speech. See <u>Harangue</u>.</p>

<p><hw>O*ra"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To deliver an
oration.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"a*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>orare</i>
to speak, utter. See <u>Oration</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
public speaker; one who delivers an oration; especially, one
distinguished for his skill and power as a public speaker; one who is
eloquent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am no <i>orator</i>, as Brutus is.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>orator</i> renowned<BR>
In Athens or free Rome.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In equity
proceedings, one who prays for relief; a petitioner.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A plaintiff, or complainant, in a bill in
chancery.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Universities)</i> <def>An officer who
is the voice of the university upon all public occasions, who writes,
reads, and records all letters of a public nature, presents, with an
appropriate address, those persons on whom honorary degrees are to be
conferred, and performs other like duties; -- called also <i>public
orator</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`a*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Oratorical.</def> [R.] <i>Swift.</i>  --
<wf>Or`a*to"ri*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Or`a*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Oratorical.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`a*to"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>oratorien</i>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>See <i>Fathers of the
Oratory</i>, under <u>Oratory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`a*tor"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an orator or to oratory; characterized by oratory;
rhetorical; becoming to an orator; as, an <i>oratorical</i> triumph;
an <i>oratorical</i> essay.</def> -- <wf>Or`a*tor"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Or`a*to"ri*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>oratorius</i> belonging to praying. See <u>Orator</u>, and cf.
<u>Oratory</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A more or less dramatic text
or poem, founded on some Scripture nerrative, or great divine event,
elaborately set to music, in recitative, arias, grand choruses, etc.,
to be sung with an orchestral accompaniment, but without action,
scenery, or costume, although the oratorio grew out of the Mysteries
and the Miracle and Passion plays, which were acted.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are instances of secular and mythological subjects
treated in the form of the oratorios, and called oratorios by their
composers; as Haydn's "Seasons," Handel's "Semele," etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Performance or rendering of such a
composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`a*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>oratorius</i>.] <def>Oratorical.</def> [Obs.] <i>Jer. Taylor.</i>
-- <wf>Or`a*to"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Or"a*tor*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play
the orator.</def> [Jocose or derisive]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oratories</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>oratorie</i>, fr. L.
<i>oratorium</i>, fr. <i>oratorius</i> of praying, of an orator: cf.
F. <i>oratoire</i>. See <u>Orator</u>, <u>Oral</u>, and cf.
<u>Oratorio</u>.] <def>A place of orisons, or prayer; especially, a
chapel or small room set apart for private devotions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>oratory</i> [temple] . . . in worship of
Dian.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not omit thy prayers for want of a good
<i>oratory</i>, or place to pray in.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fathers of the Oratory</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>a
society of priests founded by St. Philip Neri, living in community,
and not bound by a special vow. The members are called also
<i>oratorians</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>oratoria</i> (sc.
<i>ars</i>) the oratorical art.] <def>The art of an orator; the art
of public speaking in an eloquent or effective manner; the exercise
of rhetorical skill in oral discourse; eloquence.</def> "The
<i>oratory</i> of Greece and Rome."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When a world of men<BR>
Could not prevail with all their <i>oratory</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"a*tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
makes public addresses.</def>  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"a*trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A woman
plaintiff, or complainant, in equity pleading.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Orb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>orb</i> blind, fr.
L. <i>orbus</i> destitute.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A blank window or
panel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Orb</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>orbe</i>, fr. L.
<i>orbis</i> circle, orb.  Cf. <u>Orbit</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spherical body; a globe; especially, one
of the celestial spheres; a sun, planet, or star.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the small <i>orb</i> of one particular
tear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether the prime <i>orb</i>,<BR>
Incredible how swift, had thither rolled.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the azure transparent spheres
conceived by the ancients to be inclosed one within another, and to
carry the heavenly bodies in their revolutions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A circle; esp., a circle, or nearly
circular orbit, described by the revolution of a heavenly body; an
orbit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The schoolmen were like astronomers, which did feign
eccentrics, and epicycles, and such engines of
<i>orbs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You seem to me as Dian in her <i>orb</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>orbs</i><BR>
Of circuit inexpressible they stood,<BR>
<i>Orb</i> within <i>orb</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A period of time marked off by the
revolution of a heavenly body.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The eye, as luminous and spherical.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>A drop serene hath quenched their
<i>orbs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A revolving circular body; a wheel.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>orbs</i><BR>
Of his fierce chariot rolled.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A sphere of action.</def> [R.]
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But in our <i>orbs</i> we'll live so round and
safe.</blockquote> <i>Shak</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Mound</u>, a ball or globe. See
lst <u>Mound</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1009 !></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A body of soldiers drawn up
in a circle, as for defense, esp. infantry to repel
cavalry.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Globe; ball; sphere. See <u>Globe</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Orb</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Orbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Orbing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form into an orb or
circle.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Milton. Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To encircle; to surround; to
inclose.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The wheels were <i>orbed</i> with gold.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Orb</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become round like an
orb.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>orb</i> into the perfect star.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>orbatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>orbare</i> to bereave, fr. <i>orbus</i> bereaved of parents
or children. See <u>Orphan</u>.] <def>Bereaved; fatherless;
childless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Or*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>orbatio</i>.]
<def>The state of being orbate, or deprived of parents or children;
privation, in general; bereavement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Orbed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form of
an orb; round.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>orb&egrave;d</i> eyelids are let
down.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or"bic</hw> (?), <hw>Or"bic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>orbicus</i>, or <i>orbitus</i>, fr.
<i>orbis</i> orb.] <def>Spherical; orbicular; orblike;
circular.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"bi*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>orbiculus</i>,
dim. of <i>orbis</i> orb.] <def>A small orb, or sphere.</def> [Obs.]
<i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Or*bic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Orbicle</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Discina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*bic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>orbicularis</i>, fr. <i>orbiculus</i>, dim. of <i>orbis</i> orb:
cf. F. <i>orbiculaire</i>.] <def>Resembling or having the form of an
orb; spherical; circular; orbiculate.</def> --
<wf>Or*bic"u*lar*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Or*bic"u*lar*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Orbicular</i> as the disk of a planet.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*bic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
is orbiculate; especially, a solid the vertical section of which is
oval, and the horizontal section circular.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or*bic"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Or*bic"u*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>orbiculatus</i>. See <u>Orbicular</u>.]
<def>Made, or being, in the form of an orb; having a circular, or
nearly circular, or a spheroidal, outline.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Orbiculate leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leaf whose
outline is nearly circular.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or*bic`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being orbiculate; orbicularness.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"bit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>orbita</i> a
track or rut made by a wheel, course, circuit, fr. <i>orbis</i> a
circle: cf. F. <i>orbite</i>. See 2d <u>Orb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The path described by a heavenly body in its
periodical revolution around another body; as, the <i>orbit</i> of
Jupiter, of the earth, of the moon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An orb or ball.</def> [Rare &
Improper]</p>

<p><blockquote>Roll the lucid <i>orbit</i> of an eye.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The cavity or socket of the
skull in which the eye and its appendages are situated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The skin which
surrounds the eye of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"bit*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to an orbit.</def> "<i>Orbital</i> revolution."  <i>J. D.
Forbes.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Orbital index</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>in the skull,
the ratio of the vertical height to the transverse width of the
orbit, which is taken as the standard, equal to 100.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"bit*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>orbitaire</i>.] <def>Orbital.</def> [R.]  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"bit*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated
around the orbit; as, the <i>orbitary</i> feathers of a
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or`bi*te"l&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>orbis</i> an orb + <i>tela</i> a web.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of spiders, including those that make geometrical
webs, as the garden spider, or Epeira.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or`bi*to*li"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Orbit</u>, and <u>-lite</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
living Foraminifera, forming broad, thin, circular disks, containing
numerous small chambers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`bi*to*na"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Orbit</i> +
<i>nasal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the orbit and
the nose; as, the <i>orbitonasal</i>, or ophthalmic, nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`bi*to*sphe"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Orbit</i> + <i>sphenoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the sphenoid bone and the orbit, or to the
orbitosphenoid bone.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
orbitosphenoid bone, which is situated in the orbit on either side of
the presphenoid. It generally forms a part of the sphenoid in the
adult.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`bi*to*sphe*noid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the orbitosphenoid bone;
orbitosphenoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*bit"u*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Orbital.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Or"bi*tude</hw> (?), <hw>Or"bi*ty</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>orbitudo</i>, <i>orbitas</i>, fr.
<i>orbus</i>: cf. F. <i>orbit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Orbate</u>.]
<def>Orbation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Or`bu*li"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of L.
<i>orbis</i> orb.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of minute living
Foraminifera having a globular shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Orb"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 2d <u>Orb</u>.]
<def>Orblike; having the course of an orb; revolving.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Orby</i> hours."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Orc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>orca</i>: cf. F.
<i>orque</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The grampus.</def> [Written
also <i>ork</i> and <i>orch</i>.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*ca"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Orcades</i>
the Orkney Islands.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Orkney
Islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"ce*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
reddish brown amorphous dyestuff, &?;, obtained from orcin, and
forming the essential coloring matter of cudbear and archil. It is
closely related to litmus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Archil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"cha*net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>orcan&egrave;te</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Alkanet</u>,
2.</def>  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"chard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ortgeard</i>,
<i>wyrtgeard</i>, lit., wortyard, i. e., a yard for herbs;
<i>wyrt</i> herb + <i>geard</i> yard. See <u>Wort</u>, <u>Yard</u>
inclosure.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A garden.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure containing fruit trees; also,
the fruit trees, collectively; -- used especially of apples, peaches,
pears, cherries, plums, or the like, less frequently of nutbearing
trees and of sugar maple trees.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Orchard grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tall coarse
grass (<i>Dactylis glomerata</i>), introduced into the United States
from Europe. It grows usually in shady places, and is of value for
forage and hay.</cd> -- <col><b>Orchard house</b></col>
<i>(Hort.)</i>, <cd>a glazed structure in which fruit trees are
reared in pots.</cd> -- <col><b>Orchard oriole</b></col>
<i>(Zool.)</i>, <cd>a bright-colored American oriole (<i>Icterus
spurius</i>), which frequents orchards. It is smaller and darker thah
the Baltimore oriole.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"chard*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The cultivation of orchards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Orchards, in general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"chard*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
cultivates an orchard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"chel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Archil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`che*sog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
dance + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A treatise upon dancing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Or"ches*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Orchestra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*ches"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; a
dancer. See <u>Orchestra</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species
of amphipod crustacean of the genus <i>Orchestia</i>, or family
<i>Orchestid&aelig;</i>. See <i>Beach flea</i>, under
<u>Beach</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"ches*tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>orchestra</i>, Gr. &?;, orig., the place for the chorus of
dancers, from &?; to dance: cf. F. <i>orchestre</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The space in a theater between the stage and
the audience; -- originally appropriated by the Greeks to the chorus
and its evolutions, afterward by the Romans to persons of
distinction, and by the moderns to a band of instrumental
musicians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place in any public hall appropriated
to a band of instrumental musicians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Loosely:
A band of instrumental musicians performing in a theater, concert
hall, or other place of public amusement.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Strictly: A band suitable for the performance of symphonies,
overtures, etc., as well as for the accompaniment of operas,
oratorios, cantatas, masses, and the like, or of vocal and
instrumental solos.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A band composed,
for the largest part, of players of the various viol instruments,
many of each kind, together with a proper complement of wind
instruments of wood and brass; -- as distinguished from a military or
street band of players on wind instruments, and from an assemblage of
solo players for the rendering of concerted pieces, such as septets,
octets, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The instruments employed by
a full band, collectively; as, an <i>orchestra</i> of forty stringed
instruments, with proper complement of wind instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"ches*tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an orchestra; suitable for, or performed in or by, an
orchestra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ches*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The arrangement of music for an orchestra; orchestral treatment
of a composition; -- called also <i>instrumentation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"ches*tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Orchestra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*ches"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Orchestral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*ches"tri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large
music box imitating a variety of orchestral instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"chid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Orchis</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the order <i>Orchidace&aelig;</i>.
See <u>Orchidaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`chi*da"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order
(<i>Orchidace&aelig;</i>) of endogenous plants of which the genus
Orchis is the type. They are mostly perennial herbs having the
stamens and pistils united in a single column, and normally three
petals and three sepals, all adherent to the ovary. The flowers are
curiously shaped, often resembling insects, the odd or lower petal
(called the <i>lip</i>) being unlike the others, and sometimes of a
strange and unexpected appearance. About one hundred species occur in
the United States, but several thousand in the tropics.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Over three hundred genera are recognized.</p>

<p><hw>Or*chid"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Orchidaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*chid"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Orchidaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`chid*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in orchidology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`chid*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
orchis + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The branch of botany which treats of
orchids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"chil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Archil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*chil"la weed`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The lichen from
which archil is obtained. See <u>Archil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"chis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Orchises</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?; a testicle, the
orchis; -- so called from its tubers.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of endogenous plants
growing in the North Temperate zone, and consisting of about eighty
species. They are perennial herbs growing from a tuber (beside which
is usually found the last year's tuber also), and are valued for
their showy flowers. See <u>Orchidaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the same family
with the orchis; an orchid.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common names, such as <i>bee orchis</i>, <i>fly
orchis</i>, <i>butterfly orchis</i>, etc., allude to the peculiar
form of the flower.</p>

<p><hw>||Or*chi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a testicle + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
testicles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*chot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
testicle + &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of cutting
out or removing a testicle by the knife; castration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymology uncertain:
cf. F. <i>orcine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless crystalline
substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>.CH<sub>3</sub>.(OH)<sub>2</sub>, which is
obtained from certain lichens (<i>Roccella</i>, <i>Lecanora</i>,
etc.), also from extract of aloes, and artificially from certain
derivatives of toluene.  It changes readily into orcein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ord</i> point.]
<def>An edge or point; also, a beginning.</def> [ Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ord and end</b></col>, <cd>the beginning and end.  Cf.
<i>Odds and ends</i>, under <u>Odds</u>.</cd> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Chaucer. Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*dain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ordained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ordaining</u>.] [OE. <i>ordeinen</i>, OF. <i>ordener</i>, F.
<i>ordonner</i>, fr. L. <i>ordinare</i>, from <i>ordo</i>,
<i>ordinis</i>, order.  See <u>Order</u>, and cf. <u>Ordinance</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set in order; to arrange according to
rule; to regulate; to set; to establish.</def> "Battle well
<i>ordained</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The stake that shall be <i>ordained</i> on either
side.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To regulate, or establish, by appointment,
decree, or law; to constitute; to decree; to appoint; to
institute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jeroboam <i>ordained</i> a feast in the eighth
month.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xii. 32.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And doth the power that man adores <i>ordain</i><BR>
Their doom ?</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set apart for an office; to
appoint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being <i>ordained</i> his special
governor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To invest with ministerial
or sacerdotal functions; to introduce into the office of the
Christian ministry, by the laying on of hands, or other forms; to set
apart by the ceremony of ordination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Meletius was <i>ordained</i> by Arian
bishops.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*dain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being ordained; worthy to be ordained or appointed.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*dain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ordains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*dain"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Ordination.</def> [R.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ordeal.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*da"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>ordalium</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to trial by ordeal.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"de*al</hw> (&ocirc;r"d&esl;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ord&amacr;l</i>, <i>ord&aemacr;l</i>, a
judgment; akin to D. <i>oordeel</i>, G. <i>urteil</i>,
<i>urtheil</i>; orig., what is dealt out, the prefix <i>or-</i> being
akin to <i>&amacr;-</i> compounded with verbs, G. <i>er-</i>, <i>ur-
</i>, Goth. <i>us-</i>, orig. meaning, out. See <u>Deal</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Arise</u>,
<u>Ort</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ancient form of test to
determine guilt or innocence, by appealing to a supernatural
decision, -- once common in Europe, and still practiced in the East
and by savage tribes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England <i>ordeal by fire</i> and <i>ordeal by water</i>
were used, the former confined to persons of rank, the latter to the
common people. The ordeal by fire was performed, either by handling
red-hot iron, or by walking barefoot and blindfold over red-hot
plowshares, laid at unequal distances. If the person escaped unhurt,
he was adjudged innocent; otherwise he was condemned as guilty. The
ordeal by water was performed, either by plunging the bare arm to the
elbow in boiling water, an escape from injury being taken as proof of
innocence, or by casting the accused person, bound hand and foot,
into a river or pond, when if he floated it was an evidence of guilt,
but if he sunk he was acquitted. It is probable that the proverbial
phrase, <i>to go through fire and water</i>, denoting severe trial or
danger, is derived from the ordeal. See <i>Wager of battle</i>, under
<u>Wager</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any severe trial, or test; a painful
experience.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ordeal bean</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Calabar
bean</i>, under <u>Calabar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ordeal root</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>the root of a species of <i>Strychnos</i> growing
in West Africa, used, like the ordeal bean, in trials for
witchcraft.</cd> -- <col><b>Ordeal tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a poisonous tree of Madagascar (<i>Tanghinia, or Cerbera,
venenata</i>). Persons suspected of crime are forced to eat the seeds
of the plumlike fruit, and criminals are put to death by being
pricked with a lance dipped in the juice of the seeds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"de*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
trial by ordeal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ordre</i>, F.
<i>ordre</i>, fr. L. <i>ordo</i>, <i>ordinis</i>.  Cf. <u>Ordain</u>,
<u>Ordinal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Regular arrangement; any methodical or
established succession or harmonious relation; method; system</def>;
as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of material things, like the books in a
library.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of intellectual notions or
ideas, like the topics of a discource.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Of periods of time or occurrences, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The side chambers were . . . thirty in
<i>order</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xli. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bright-harnessed angels sit in <i>order</i>
serviceable.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Good <i>order</i> is the foundation of all good
things.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Right arrangement; a normal, correct, or
fit condition; as, the house is in <i>order</i>; the machinery is out
of <i>order</i>.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The customary mode of procedure;
established system, as in the conduct of debates or the transaction
of business; usage; custom; fashion.</def>  <i>Dantiel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And, pregnant with his grander thought,<BR>
Brought the old <i>order</i> into doubt.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Conformity with law or decorum; freedom
from disturbance; general tranquillity; public quiet; as, to preserve
<i>order</i> in a community or an assembly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which prescribes a method of
procedure; a rule or regulation made by competent authority; as, the
rules and <i>orders</i> of the senate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The church hath authority to establish that for an
<i>order</i> at one time which at another time it may
abolish.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A command; a mandate; a precept; a
direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon this new fright, an <i>order</i> was made by both
houses for disarming all the papists in England.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A commission to purchase, sell, or
supply goods; a direction, in writing, to pay money, to furnish
supplies, to admit to a building, a place of entertainment, or the
like; as, <i>orders</i> for blankets are large.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In those days were pit <i>orders</i> -- beshrew the
uncomfortable manager who abolished them.</blockquote>
<i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A number of things or persons arranged in
a fixed or suitable place, or relative position; a rank; a row; a
grade; especially, a rank or class in society; a group or division of
men in the same social or other position; also, a distinct character,
kind, or sort; as, the higher or lower <i>orders</i> of society;
talent of a high <i>order</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are in equal <i>order</i> to their several
ends.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Various <i>orders</i> various ensigns
bear.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which, to his <i>order</i> of mind, must have seemed
little short of crime.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1010 !></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A body of persons having some common
honorary distinction or rule of obligation; esp., a body of religious
persons or aggregate of convents living under a common rule; as, the
<i>Order</i> of the Bath; the Franciscan <i>order</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Find a barefoot brother out,<BR>
One of our <i>order</i>, to associate me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The venerable <i>order</i> of the Knights
Templars.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastical grade or rank, as of
deacon, priest, or bishop; the office of the Christian ministry; --
often used in the plural; as, to take <i>orders</i>, or to take
<i>holy orders</i>, that is, to enter some grade of the
ministry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The disposition of a
column and its component parts, and of the entablature resting upon
it, in classical architecture; hence (as the column and entablature
are the characteristic features of classical architecture) a style or
manner of architectural designing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Greeks used three different orders, easy to
distinguish, <i>Doric</i>, <i>Ionic</i>, and <i>Corinthian</i>. The
Romans added the <i>Tuscan</i>, and changed the Doric so that it is
hardly recognizable, and also used a modified Corinthian called
<i>Composite</i>. The Renaissance writers on architecture recognized
five orders as orthodox or <i>classical</i>, -- <i>Doric</i> (the
Roman sort), <i>Ionic</i>, <i>Tuscan</i>, <i>Corinthian</i>, and
<i>Composite</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Capital</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>An assemblage of
genera having certain important characters in common; as, the
Carnivora and Insectivora are <i>orders</i> of Mammalia.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Linn&aelig;an <i>artificial orders</i> of plants rested
mainly on identity in the numer of pistils, or agreement in some one
character. <i>Natural orders</i> are groups of genera agreeing in the
fundamental plan of their flowers and fruit. A natural order is
usually (in botany) equivalent to a family, and may include several
tribes.</p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The placing of words and
members in a sentence in such a manner as to contribute to force and
beauty or clearness of expression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Rank; degree; thus, the
<i>order</i> of a curve or surface is the same as the degree of its
equation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Artificial order</b></col> or <col><b>system</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Artificial classification</i>, under <u>Artificial</u>,
and Note to def. 12 above.</cd> -- <col><b>Close order</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the arrangement of the ranks with a distance of
about half a pace between them; with a distance of about three yards
the ranks are in <i>open order</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>The four
Orders</b></col>, <col><b>The Orders four</b></col>, <cd>the four
orders of mendicant friars. See <u>Friar</u>.</cd> <i>Chaucer.</i> --
<col><b>General orders</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>orders issued
which concern the whole command, or the troops generally, in
distinction from <i>special orders</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy
orders</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <cd>The
different grades of the Christian ministry; ordination to the
ministry. See def. 10 above.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <cd>A sacrament for the purpose of conferring a special
grace on those ordained.</cd> -- <col><b>In order to</b></col>,
<cd>for the purpose of; to the end; as means to.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The best knowledge is that which is of greatest use
<i>in order to</i> our eternal happiness.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Minor orders</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>orders
beneath the diaconate in sacramental dignity, as acolyte, exorcist,
reader, doorkeeper.</cd> -- <col><b>Money order</b></col>. See under
<u>Money</u>. -- <col><b>Natural order</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See def.</cd> 12, Note. -- <col><b>Order book</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A merchant's book in which orders are
entered.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>A book kept at
headquarters, in which all orders are recorded for the information of
officers and men</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A book in the House of
Commons in which proposed orders must be entered</cd>. [Eng.] --
<col><b>Order in Council</b></col>, <cd>a royal order issued with and
by the advice of the Privy Council.</cd> [Great Britain] --
<col><b>Order of battle</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the particular
disposition given to the troops of an army on the field of
battle.</cd> -- <col><b>Order of the day</b></col>, <cd>in
legislative bodies, the special business appointed for a specified
day.</cd> -- <col><b>Order of a differential equation</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the greatest index of differentiation in the
equation.</cd> -- <col><b>Sailing orders</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>the final instructions given to the commander of a ship of war
before a cruise.</cd> -- <col><b>Sealed orders</b></col>, <cd>orders
sealed, and not to be opened until a certain time, or arrival at a
certain place, as after a ship is at sea.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing
order</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A continuing regulation for
the conduct of parliamentary business.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>An order not subject to change by an officer
temporarily in command</cd>. -- <col><b>To give order</b></col>,
<cd>to give command or directions.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To
take order for</b></col>, <cd>to take charge of; to make arrangements
concerning.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Whiles I <i>take order for</i> mine own
affairs.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Arrangement; management. See <u>Direction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Or"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ordered</u> (?); <pos><i>p pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ordering</u>.] [From <u>Order</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put in order; to reduce to a methodical
arrangement; to arrange in a series, or with reference to an end.
Hence, to regulate; to dispose; to direct; to rule.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To him that <i>ordereth</i> his conversation
aright.</blockquote> <i>Ps. 1. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Warriors old with <i>ordered</i> spear and
shield.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give an order to; to command; as, to
<i>order</i> troops to advance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give an order for; to secure by an
order; as, to <i>order</i> a carriage; to <i>order</i>
groceries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To admit to holy orders; to
ordain; to receive into the ranks of the ministry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>ordered</i> folk be especially titled to
God.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Persons presented to be <i>ordered</i>
deacons.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Order arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the command at
which a rifle is brought to a position with its but resting on the
ground; also, the position taken at such a command.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give orders; to
issue commands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"der*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being ordered; tractable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Being very <i>orderable</i> in all his
sickness.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who puts in order, arranges, methodizes, or
regulates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who gives orders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"der*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disposition;
distribution; management.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"der*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
order or regularity; disorderly; out of rule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"der*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being orderly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"der*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Conformed to order; in order; regular; as, an <i>orderly</i>
course or plan.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Observant of order, authority, or rule;
hence, obedient; quiet; peaceable; not unruly; as, <i>orderly</i>
children; an <i>orderly</i> community.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Performed in good or established order;
well-regulated.</def> "An <i>orderly</i> . . . march."
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Being on duty; keeping order; conveying
orders.</def> "Aids-de-camp and <i>orderly</i> men."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Orderly book</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a book for every
company, in which the general and regimental orders are
recorded.</cd> -- <col><b>Orderly officer</b></col>, <cd>the officer
of the day, or that officer of a corps or regiment whose turn it is
to supervise for the day the arrangements for food, cleanliness,
etc.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> -- <col><b>Orderly room</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The court of the commanding officer, where
charges against the men of the regiment are tried</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The office of the commanding officer, usually
in the barracks, whence orders emanate.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> --
<col><b>Orderly sergeant</b></col>, <cd>the first sergeant of a
company.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"der*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According to
due order; regularly; methodically; duly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are blunt; go to it <i>orderly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"der*ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Orderlies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>A noncommissioned officer or soldier who attends a superior
officer to carry his orders, or to render other service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Orderlies</i> were appointed to watch the
palace.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A street sweeper.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Mayhew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`di*na*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being ordained or appointed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Bull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ordinate</u>, <u>Ordain</u>.] <def>Capable of being ordained or
appointed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Or"di*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ordinalis</i>,
fr. <i>ordo</i>, <i>ordinis</i>, order. See <u>Order</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Indicating order or succession; as, the
<i>ordinal</i> numbers, first, second, third, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
word or number denoting order or succession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i> <def>The book of forms for
making, ordaining, and consecrating bishops, priests, and
deacons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A book containing the
rubrics of the Mass.</def> [Written also <i>ordinale</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Or"di*nal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being ordinal.</def> [R.]  <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>ordenance</i>, OF. <i>ordenance</i>, F. <i>ordonnance</i>. See
<u>Ordain</u>, and cf. <u>Ordnance</u>, <u>Ordonnance</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Orderly arrangement; preparation;
provision.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They had made their <i>ordinance</i><BR>
Of victual, and of other purveyance.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rule established by authority; a
permanent rule of action; a statute, law, regulation, rescript, or
accepted usage; an edict or decree; esp., a local law enacted by a
municipal government; as, a municipal <i>ordinance</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou wilt die by God's just
<i>ordinance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By custom and the <i>ordinance</i> of
times.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Walking in all the commandments and <i>ordinances</i>
of the Lord blameless.</blockquote> <i>Luke i. 6.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Acts of Parliament are sometimes called <i>ordinances</i>;
also, certain colonial laws and certain acts of Congress under
Confederation; as, the <i>ordinance</i> of 1787 for the government of
the territory of the United States northwest of the Ohio River; the
colonial <i>ordinance</i> of 1641, or 1647. This word is often used
in Scripture in the sense of a law or statute of sovereign power.
<i>Ex. xv. 25.</i> <i>Num. x. 8.</i> <i>Ezra iii. 10.</i> Its most
frequent application now in the United States is to laws and
regulations of municipal corporations. <i>Wharton (Law
Dict.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An established rite or
ceremony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Rank; order; station.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [See <u>Ordnance</u>.] <def>Ordnance;
cannon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*nand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ordinandus</i>, gerundive of <i>ordinare</i>. See <u>Ordain</u>.]
<def>One about to be ordained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ordinans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>ordinare</i>. See <u>Ordain</u>.] <def>Ordaining;
decreeing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*nant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ordains.</def>  <i>F. G. Lee.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*na*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According
to established rules or settled method; as a rule; commonly; usually;
in most cases; as, a winter more than <i>ordinarily</i>
severe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who <i>ordinarily</i> pride themselves not a
little upon their penetration.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ordinarius</i>, fr. <i>ordo</i>, <i>ordinis</i>, order: cf. F.
<i>ordinaire</i>. See <u>Order</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>According to established order; methodical; settled;
regular.</def> "The <i>ordinary</i> forms of law."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Common; customary; usual.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Method is not less reguisite in <i>ordinary</i>
conversation that in writing.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of common rank, quality, or ability; not
distinguished by superior excellence or beauty; hence, not
distinguished in any way; commonplace; inferior; of little merit; as,
men of <i>ordinary</i> judgment; an <i>ordinary</i> book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>ordinary</i> lad would have acquired little or
no useful knowledge in such a way.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ordinary seaman</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>one not
expert or fully skilled, and hence ranking below an <i>able
seaman</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Normal; common; usual; customary.  See
<u>Normal</u>. -- <u>Ordinary</u>, <u>Common</u>. A thing is
<i>common</i> in which many persons share or partake; as, a
<i>common</i> practice. A thing is <i>ordinary</i> when it is apt to
come round in the regular common order or succession of events.</p>

<p><hw>Or"di*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ordinaries</b></plw> (-r&ibreve;z). <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Roman Law)</i> <def>An officer
who has original jurisdiction in his own right, and not by
deputation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>One who
has immediate jurisdiction in matters ecclesiastical; an
ecclesiastical judge; also, a deputy of the bishop, or a clergyman
appointed to perform divine service for condemned criminals and
assist in preparing them for death.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Am.
Law)</i> <def>A judicial officer, having generally the powers of a
judge of probate or a surrogate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mass; the common run.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I see no more in you than in the <i>ordinary</i><BR>
Of nature's salework.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is so common, or continued, as
to be considered a settled establishment or institution.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Spain had no other wars save those which were grown
into an <i>ordinary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything which is in ordinary or common
use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Water buckets, wagons, cart wheels, plow socks, and
other <i>ordinaries</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A dining room or eating house where a meal
is prepared for all comers, at a fixed price for the meal, in
distinction from one where each dish is separately charged; a table
d'h&ocirc;te; hence, also, the meal furnished at such a dining
room.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the odd words they have picked up in a
coffeehouse, or a gaming <i>ordinary</i>, are produced as flowers of
style.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He exacted a tribute for licenses to hawkers and
peddlers and to <i>ordinaries</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A charge or bearing of
simple form, one of nine or ten which are in constant use. The
<i>bend</i>, <i>chevron</i>, <i>chief</i>, <i>cross</i>,
<i>fesse</i>, <i>pale</i>, and <i>saltire</i> are uniformly admitted
as ordinaries. Some authorities include <i>bar</i>, <i>bend
sinister</i>, <i>pile</i>, and others. See
<u>Subordinary</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In ordinary</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In actual
and constant service; statedly attending and serving; as, a physician
or chaplain <i>in ordinary</i>. An ambassador <i>in ordinary</i> is
one constantly resident at a foreign court.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>Out of commission and laid up; -- said of a naval
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Ordinary of the Mass</b></col> <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i>, <cd>the part of the Mass which is the same every day; --
called also the <i>canon of the Mass</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*na*ry*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being an ordinary.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ordinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ordinare</i>. See <u>Ordain</u>.]
<def>Well-ordered; orderly; regular; methodical.</def> "A life
blissful and <i>ordinate</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ordinate figure</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a figure
whose sides and angles are equal; a regular figure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*nate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The
distance of any point in a curve or a straight line, measured on a
line called the <i>axis of ordinates</i> or on a line parallel to it,
from another line called the <i>axis of abscissas</i>, on which the
corresponding abscissa of the point is measured.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ordinate and abscissa, taken together, are called
<i>co&ouml;rdinates</i>, and define the position of the point with
reference to the two axes named, the intersection of which is called
the <i>origin of co&ouml;rdinates</i>. See <u>Coordinate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Or"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To appoint,
to regulate; to harmonize.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*nate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ordinate manner; orderly.</def>  <i>Chaucer. Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ordinatio</i>: cf. F. <i>ordination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of ordaining, appointing, or setting apart; the state of
being ordained, appointed, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The holy and wise <i>ordination</i> of
God.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Virtue and vice have a natural <i>ordination</i> to
the happiness and misery of life respectively.</blockquote>
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The act of setting apart to
an office in the Christian ministry; the conferring of holy
orders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Disposition; arrangement; order.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Angle of ordination</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the
angle between the axes of co&ouml;rdinates.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ordinativus</i>.] <def>Tending to ordain; directing; giving
order.</def> [R.]  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"di*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
ordains or establishes; a director.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ord"nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From OE.
<i>ordenance</i>, referring orig. to the bore or size of the cannon.
See <u>Ordinance</u>.] <def>Heavy weapons of warfare; cannon, or
great guns, mortars, and howitzers; artillery; sometimes, a general
term for all weapons and appliances used in war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the battlements their <i>ordnance</i>
fire.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then you may hear afar off the awful roar of his
[Rufus Choate's] rifled <i>ordnance</i>.</blockquote> <i>E.
Ererett.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ordnance survey</b></col>, <cd>the official survey of
Great Britain and Ireland, conducted by the ordnance
department.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"don*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Ordinance</u>.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The disposition of the
parts of any composition with regard to one another and the
whole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their dramatic <i>ordonnance</i> of the
parts.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"don*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. pr. of
<i>ordonner</i>. See <u>Ordinant</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
ordonnance.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*do"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Ordovician.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`do*vi"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>Ordovices</i>, a Celtic people in Wales.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to a division of the Silurian formation, corresponding
in general to the Lower Silurian of most authors, exclusive of the
Cambrian.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Ordovician
formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"dure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ordure</i>, OF.
<i>ord</i> filthy, foul, fr. L. <i>horridus</i> horrid. See
<u>Horrid</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dung; excrement; f&aelig;ces.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Defect; imperfection; fault.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"dur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to ordure; filthy.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ore</hw> (&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&amacr;r</i>.] <def>Honor; grace; favor; mercy; clemency; happy
augry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&amacr;ra</i>; cf.
<i>&amacr;r</i> brass, bronze, akin to OHG. <i>&emacr;r</i>, G.
<i>ehern</i> brazen, Icel. <i>eir</i> brass, Goth. <i>ais</i>, L.
<i>aes</i>, Skr. <i>ayas</i> iron. &radic;210.  Cf. <u>Ora</u>,
<u>Era</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The native form of a metal, whether free
and uncombined, as gold, copper, etc., or combined, as iron, lead,
etc.  Usually the ores contain the metals combined with oxygen,
sulphur, arsenic, etc. (called <i>mineralizers</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A native metal or its
compound with the rock in which it occurs, after it has been picked
over to throw out what is worthless.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Metal; as, the liquid <i>ore</i>.</def>
[R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ore hearth</b></col>, <cd>a low furnace in which rich lead
ore is reduced; -- also called <i>Scotch hearth</i>.</cd>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"re*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Oreas</i>, <i>-
adis</i>, Gr. <grk>'Oreia`s</grk>, <grk>-a`dos</grk>, fr.
<grk>'o`ros</grk> mountain: cf. F. <i>or&eacute;ade</i>.] <i>(Class.
Myth.)</i> <def>One of the nymphs of mountains and
grottoes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a wood nymph light,<BR>
<i>Oread</i> or Dryad.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||O*re"a*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of butterflies which includes the
satyrs. See <u>Satyr</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*rec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'orektiko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>'o`rexis</grk>, yearning after, from
<grk>'ore`gein</grk> to reach after.] <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the desires; hence, impelling to gratification;
appetitive.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1011 !></p>

<p><hw>Or"e*gon grape`</hw> (&obreve;r"&esl;*g&obreve;n gr&amacr;p`).
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An evergreen species of barberry (<i>Berberis
Aquifolium</i>), of Oregon and California; also, its roundish, blue-
black berries.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"re*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Oroide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"re*o*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'o`ros</grk>, <grk>-eos</grk>, mountain + <grk>'odoy`s</grk>,
<grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, tooth.] <i>(Paleon)</i> <def>A genus of extinct
herbivorous mammals, abundant in the Tertiary formation of the Rocky
Mountains. It is more or less related to the camel, hog, and
deer.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"re*o*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>Resembling, or allied to, the genus Oreodon.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`re*o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to oreography.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`re*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'o`ros</grk>, <grk>-eos</grk>, mountain + <i>-graphy</i>.]
<def>The science of mountains; orography.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`re*os"e*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white crystalline substance which is obtained indirectly from
the root of an umbelliferous plant (<i>Imperatoria Oreoselinum</i>),
and yields resorcin on decomposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`re*o*so"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>'o`ros</grk>, <grk>-eos</grk>, mountain + &?; body.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small oceanic fishes, remarkable
for the large conical tubercles which cover the under
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ore"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Oarweed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ore"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Oarweed</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Orf</hw> (?), <hw>Or"fe</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bright-colored domesticated variety of the
id. See <u>Id</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Orf"gild`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>orf</i>,
<i>yrfe</i>, cattle, property + <i>gild</i>, <i>gield</i>, money,
fine.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>Restitution for cattle; a penalty
for taking away cattle.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"fray</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>orfraie</i>.
Cf. <u>Osprey</u>, <u>Ossifrage</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
osprey.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"frays</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>orfrais</i>,
F. <i>orfroi</i>; F. <i>or</i> gold + <i>fraise</i>, <i>frise</i>,
fringe, ruff. See <u>Fraise</u>, and cf. <u>Auriphrygiate</u>.]
<def>See <u>Orphrey</u>. [Obs.] <i>Rom</i>. <i>of R</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Argol</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Or"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>organum</i>, Gr.
&?;; akin to &?; work, and E. <i>work</i>: cf. F. <i>organe</i>. See
<u>Work</u>, and cf. <u>Orgue</u>, <u>Orgy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument or medium by which some
important action is performed, or an important end accomplished; as,
legislatures, courts, armies, taxgatherers, etc., are <i>organs</i>
of government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A natural part or structure
in an animal or a plant, capable of performing some special action
(termed its <i>function</i>), which is essential to the life or well-
being of the whole; as, the heart, lungs, etc., are <i>organs</i> of
animals; the root, stem, foliage, etc., are <i>organs</i> of
plants.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In animals the organs are generally made up of several
tissues, one of which usually predominates, and determines the
principal function of the organ. Groups of organs constitute a
<i>system</i>. See <u>System</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A component part performing an essential
office in the working of any complex machine; as, the cylinder,
valves, crank, etc., are <i>organs</i> of the steam engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A medium of communication between one
person or body and another; as, the secretary of state is the
<i>organ</i> of communication between the government and a foreign
power; a newspaper is the <i>organ</i> of its editor, or of a party,
sect, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Cf. AS. <i>organ</i>, fr. L. <i>organum</i>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A wind instrument containing numerous pipes of
various dimensions and kinds, which are filled with wind from a
bellows, and played upon by means of keys similar to those of a
piano, and sometimes by foot keys or pedals; -- formerly used in the
plural, each pipe being considired an organ.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The deep, majestic, solemn <i>organs</i>
blow.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Chaucer used the form <i>orgon</i> as a plural.</p>

<p><blockquote>The merry <i>orgon</i> . . . that in the church goon
[go].</blockquote>
</p>

<p><col><b>Barrel organ</b></col>, <col><b>Choir organ</b></col>,
<col><b>Great organ</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Barrel</u>,
<u>Choir</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Cabinet organ</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an organ of small size, as for a chapel or for
domestic use; a reed organ.</cd> -- <col><b>Organ bird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a Tasmanian crow shrike (<i>Gymnorhina
organicum</i>). It utters discordant notes like those of a hand organ
out of tune.</cd> -- <col><b>Organ fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the drumfish.</cd> -- <col><b>Organ
gun</b></col>. <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Orgue</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Organ harmonium</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an harmonium of large capacity and power.</cd> --
<col><b>Organ of Gorti</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a complicated
structure in the cochlea of the ear, including the auditory hair
cells, the rods or fibers of Corti, the membrane of Corti, etc. See
Note under <u>Ear</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Organ pipe</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Pipe</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Organ-pipe
coral</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Tubipora</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Organ point</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a passage in which
the tonic or dominant is sustained continuously by one part, while
the other parts move.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"gan</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply with an
organ or organs; to fit with organs; to organize.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art elemented and <i>organed</i> for other
apprehensions.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Mannyngham.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or"gan*die</hw>, <hw>Or"gan*dy</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>organdi</i>.] <def>A kind of transparent
light muslin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*gan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>organicus</i>,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>organique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to an organ or its functions, or to objects
composed of organs; consisting of organs, or containing them; as, the
<i>organic</i> structure of animals and plants; exhibiting characters
peculiar to living organisms; as, <i>organic</i> bodies,
<i>organic</i> life, <i>organic</i> remains.  Cf.
<u>Inorganic</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Produced by the organs; as, <i>organic</i>
pleasure.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Instrumental; acting as instruments of
nature or of art to a certain destined function or end.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>organic</i> arts which enable men to
discourse and write perspicuously.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Forming a whole composed of organs. Hence:
Of or pertaining to a system of organs; inherent in, or resulting
from, a certain organization; as, an <i>organic</i> government; his
love of truth was not inculcated, but <i>organic</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or denoting, any one of the
large series of substances which, in nature or origin, are connected
with vital processes, and include many substances of artificial
production which may or may not occur in animals or plants; --
contrasted with <i>inorganic</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The principles of organic and inorganic chemistry are
identical; but the enormous number and the completeness of related
series of organic compounds, together with their remarkable facility
of exchange and substitution, offer an illustration of chemical
reaction and homology not to be paralleled in inorganic
chemistry.</p>

<p><col><b>Organic analysis</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
analysis of organic compounds, concerned chiefly with the
determination of carbon as carbon dioxide, hydrogen as water, oxygen
as the difference between the sum of the others and 100 per cent, and
nitrogen as free nitrogen, ammonia, or nitric oxide; -- formerly
called <i>ultimate analysis</i>, in distinction from <i>proximate
analysis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Organic chemistry</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Chemistry</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Organic compounds</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Carbon compounds</i>, under
<u>Carbon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Organic description of a
curve</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the description of a curve on a
plane by means of instruments.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> --
<col><b>Organic disease</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a disease
attended with morbid changes in the structure of the organs of the
body or in the composition of its fluids; -- opposed to <i>functional
disease</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Organic electricity</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Electricity</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Organic</b></col>
<col><b>law or laws</b></col>, <cd>a law or system of laws, or
declaration of principles fundamental to the existence and
organization of a political or other association; a
constitution.</cd> -- <col><b>Organic stricture</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a contraction of one of the natural passages of
the body produced by structural changes in its walls, as
distinguished from a <i>spasmodic stricture</i>, which is due to
muscular contraction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or*gan"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Organic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>organical</i> structure of human bodies,
whereby they live and move.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*gan"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
organic manner; by means of organs or with reference to organic
functions; hence, fundamentally.</def>  <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*gan"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being organic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*gan"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The doctrine of the localization of disease, or which refers it
always to a material lesion of an organ.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`gan*if"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Organ</i> + L.
<i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>fy</u>.] <def>Making an
organic or organized structure; producing an organism; acting
through, or resulting from, organs.</def>  <i>Prof. Park.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"gan*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>organisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Organic structure; organization.</def>
"The advantageous <i>organism</i> of the eye."  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An organized being; a
living body, either vegetable or animal, compozed of different organs
or parts with functions which are separate, but mutually dependent,
and essential to the life of the individual.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some of the lower forms of life are so simple in structure
as to be without organs, but are still called <i>organisms</i>, since
they have different parts analogous in functions to the organs of
higher plants and animals.</p>

<p><hw>Or"gan*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>organiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One who
plays on the organ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One of the priests who
organized or sung in parts.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Or`ga*nis"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., an
organis.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several South American
wrens, noted for the sweetness of their song.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*gan"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Organism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Or`gan*i`za*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Quality of being organizable; capability of being
organized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"gan*i`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being organized; esp. <i>(Biol.)</i>, capable of being formed into
living tissue; as, <i>organizable</i> matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`gan*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>organisation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of organizing; the act of
arranging in a systematic way for use or action; as, the
<i>organization</i> of an army, or of a deliberative body.</def> "The
first <i>organization</i> of the general government."
<i>Pickering.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being organized; also, the
relations included in such a state or condition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What is <i>organization</i> but the connection of
parts in and for a whole, so that each part is, at once, end and
means?</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is organized; an organized
existence; an organism</def>; specif. <i>(Biol.)</i>, <def>an
arrangement of parts for the performance of the functions necessary
to life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cell may be regarded as the most simple, the most
common, and the earliest form of <i>organization</i>.</blockquote>
<i>McKendrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"gan*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Organized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Organizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>organiser</i>, Gr.
&?;. See <u>Organ</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To
furnish with organs; to give an organic structure to; to endow with
capacity for the functions of life; as, an <i>organized</i> being;
<i>organized</i> matter; -- in this sense used chiefly in the past
participle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These nobler faculties of the mind, matter
<i>organized</i> could never produce.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To arrange or constitute in parts, each
having a special function, act, office, or relation; to systematize;
to get into working order; -- applied to products of the human
intellect, or to human institutions and undertakings, as a science, a
government, an army, a war, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This original and supreme will <i>organizes</i> the
government.</blockquote> <i>Cranch.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To sing in parts; as, to
<i>organize</i> an anthem.</def> [R.]  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"gan*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
organizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"gan*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large kind of sea fish; the orgeis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"ga*no-</hw> (?). [See <u>Organ</u>.] <def>A combining form
denoting <i>relation to</i>, or <i>connection with</i>, <i>an
organ</i> or <i>organs</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*gan"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Organo-</i> +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A name given to any one of the four
elements, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, which are
especially characteristic ingredients of organic compounds; also, by
extension, to other elements sometimes found in the same connection;
as sulphur, phosphorus, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*no*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Organo-
</i> + <i>genesis</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The origin and development
of organs in animals and plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The germ history of the
organs and systems of organs, -- a branch of morphogeny.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*no*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to organogenesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*nog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Organogenesis.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or`ga*no*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Or`ga*no*graph"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>organographique</i>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to organography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*nog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in organography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Organo-
</i> + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>organographie</i>.] <def>A
description of the organs of animals or plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*no*lep"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>organoleptique</i>, fr. Gr. &?; an organ + &?; to lay hold of.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Making an impression upon an organ; plastic; -
- said of the effect or impression produced by any substance on the
organs of touch, taste, or smell, and also on the organism as a
whole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*no*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
relating to organology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Organ</i> +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>organologie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
science of organs or of anything considered as an organic
structure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The science of style, as an organ of thought, of style
in relation to the ideas and feelings, might be called the
<i>organology</i> of style.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That branch of biology which treats, in
particular, of the organs of animals and plants. See
<u>Morphology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*no*me*tal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Metalorganic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Or"ga*non</hw> (?), <hw>||Or"ga*num</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>organon</i>, L. <i>organum</i>. See
<u>Organ</u>.] <def>An organ or instrument; hence, a method by which
philosophical or scientific investigation may be conducted; -- a term
adopted from the Aristotelian writers by Lord Bacon, as the title
("Novum <i>Organon</i>") of part of his treatise on philosophical
method.</def>  <i>Sir. W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*non"y*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Organo-</i>
+ Gr.&?;, for &?;, a name.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The designation or
nomenclature of organs.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*noph"y*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Organo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; clan.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The tribal history of organs, --
a branch of morphophyly.</def>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*no*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Organo-
</i> + <i>-plastic</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the property of
producing the tissues or organs of animals and plants; as, the
<i>organoplastic</i> cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*nos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Organo-</i>
+ <i>-scopy</i>.] <def>Phrenology.</def>  <i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`ga*no*troph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Organo-
</i> + Gr. &?; to nourish.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Relating to the
creation, organization, and nutrition of living organs or
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"gan*ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>organ</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the essential cells or
elements of an organ. See <i>Sense organule</i>, under
<u>Sense</u>.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"ga*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>Organe</i>,
from the Latin. See <u>Origan</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Origan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"gan*zine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>organsin</i>; cf. Sp. <i>organsino</i>, It. <i>organzino</i>.]
<def>A kind of double thrown silk of very fine texture, that is, silk
twisted like a rope with different strands, so as to increase its
strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"gasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>orgasme</i>; cf.
Gr. &?; a kneading, softening, prob. confused with &?; to swell,
espicially with lust; to feel an ardent desire.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Eager or immoderate excitement or action; the state of
turgescence of any organ; erethism; esp., the height of venereal
excitement in sexual intercourse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"geat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>orge</i>
barley, L. <i>hordeum</i>.] <def>A sirup in which, formerly, a
decoction of barley entered, but which is now prepared with an
emulsion of almonds, -- used to flavor beverages or
edibles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"ge*is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Organling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`gi*as"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Orgy</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or of the nature of, orgies.</def>
<i>Elton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"gies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Orgy</b></singw> (&?;). [The singular is rarely used.] [F.
<i>orgie</i>, <i>orgies</i>, L. <i>orgia</i>, pl., Gr. &?;; akin to
&?; work. See <u>Organ</u>, and <u>Work</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sacrifice accompanied by certain
ceremonies in honor of some pagan deity; especially, the ceremonies
observed by the Greeks and Romans in the worship of Dionysus, or
Bacchus, which were characterized by wild and dissolute
revelry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As when, with crowned cups, unto the Elian god,<BR>
Those priests high <i>orgies</i> held.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Drunken revelry; a carouse.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"gil*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>orguillous</i>, F. <i>orgueilleux</i>, fr. OF. <i>orgoil</i>
pride, F. <i>orgueil</i>.] <def>Proud; haughty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Orgue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>organum</i> organ, Gr. &?;. See <u>Organ</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of a number of long, thick pieces of
timber, pointed and shod with iron, and suspended, each by a separate
rope, over a gateway, to be let down in case of attack.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A piece of ordnance, consisting of a number
of musket barrels arranged so that a match or train may connect with
all their touchholes, and a discharge be secured almost or quite
simultaneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"gu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Orgillous</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Or"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Orgies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A frantic revel; drunken
revelry. See <u>Orgies</u></def></p>

<p><hw>||Or*gy"i*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
the length of the outstretched arms. So named because, when at rest,
it stretches forward its fore legs like arms.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>.
<def>A genus of bombycid moths whose caterpillars (esp. those of
<i>Orgyia leucostigma</i>) are often very injurious to fruit trees
and shade trees. The female is wingless. Called also <i>vaporer
moth</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1012 !></p>

<p><hw>Or"i*calche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Orichalch</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Costly <i>oricalche</i> from strange
Ph&oelig;nice.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`i*chal"ce*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, orichalch; having a color or
luster like that of brass.</def>  <i>Maunder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"i*chalch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>orichalcum</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>'o`ros</grk>, mountain +
<grk>chalko`s</grk> brass: cf. F. <i>orichalque</i>.] <def>A metallic
substance, resembling gold in color, but inferior in value; a mixed
metal of the ancients, resembling brass; -- called also
<i>aurichalcum</i>, <i>orichalcum</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ri*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>oriol</i>
gallery, corridor, LL. <i>oriolum</i> portico, hall, prob. fr. L.
<i>aureolus</i> gilded, applied to an apartment decorated with
gilding. See <u>Oriole</u>.] [Formerly written also <i>oriol</i>,
<i>oryal</i>, <i>oryall</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gallery for minstrels.</def> [Obs.]
<i>W. Hamper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small apartment next a hall, where
certain persons were accustomed to dine; a sort of recess.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A bay window. See <u>Bay
window</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The beams that thro' the <i>oriel</i> shine<BR>
Make prisms in every carven glass.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; There is no generally admitted difference between a bay
window and an oriel. In the United States the latter name is often
applied to bay windows which are small, and either polygonal or
round; also, to such as are corbeled out from the wall instead of
resting on the ground.</p>

<p><hw>O"ri*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Orient</u>.]
<def>Brightness or strength of color.</def> [R.]  <i>E.
Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>oriens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>oriri</i> to rise. See
<u>Origin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rising, as the sun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moon, that now meet'st the <i>orient</i>
sun.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Eastern; oriental.</def> "The
<i>orient</i> part."  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bright; lustrous; superior; pure; perfect;
pellucid; -- used of gems and also figuratively, because the most
perfect jewels are found in the East.</def> "Pearls round and
<i>orient</i>." <i>Jer. Taylor.</i> "<i>Orient</i> gems."
<i>Wordsworth.</i>  "<i>Orient</i> liquor in a crystal glass."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ri*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The part of the horizon where the sun first appears in the
morning; the east.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Morn] came furrowing all the <i>orient</i> into
gold.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The countries of Asia or the East.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Best built city throughout the
<i>Orient</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pearl of great luster.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>orienter</i>.  Cf. <u>Orientate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To define the position of, in relation to
the orient or east; hence, to ascertain the bearings of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To correct or set right by recurring
to first principles; to arrange in order; to orientate.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ri*en"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>orientalis</i>: cf. F. <i>oriental</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
the orient or east; eastern; concerned with the East or Orientalism;
-- opposed to <i>occidental</i>; as, <i>Oriental</i>
countries.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun's ascendant and <i>oriental</i>
radiations.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ri*en"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native or inhabitant of the Orient or some Eastern part of the
world; an Asiatic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Eastern
Christians of the Greek rite.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ri*en"tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>orientalisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any system, doctrine, custom, expression,
etc., peculiar to Oriental people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Knowledge or use of Oriental languages,
history, literature, etc.</def>  <i>London Quart. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ri*en"tal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>orientaliste</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant of the Eastern parts of the
world; an Oriental.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One versed in Eastern languages,
literature, etc.; as, the Paris Congress of
<i>Orientalists</i>.</def>  <i>Sir J. Shore.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ri*en*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being oriental or eastern.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ri*en"tal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Orientalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Orientalizing</u> (?).] <def>to render
Oriental; to cause to conform to Oriental manners or
conditions.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ri*en*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Orientated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Orientating</u>.] [From <u>Orient</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place or turn toward the east; to cause
to assume an easterly direction, or to veer eastward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To arrange in order; to dispose or place
(a body) so as to show its relation to other bodies, or the relation
of its parts among themselves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A crystal is <i>orientated</i> when placed in its
proper position so as to exhibit its symmetry.</blockquote> <i>E. S.
Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ri*en*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move or
turn toward the east; to veer from the north or south toward the
east.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ri*en*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>orientation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of orientating;
determination of the points of the compass, or the east point, in
taking bearings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tendency of a revolving body, when
suspended in a certain way, to bring the axis of rotation into
parallelism with the earth's axis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An aspect or fronting to the east;
especially <i>(Arch.)</i>, the placing of a church so that the
chancel, containing the altar toward which the congregation fronts in
worship, will be on the east end.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A return to first principles; an
orderly arrangement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The task of <i>orientation</i> undertaken in this
chapter.</blockquote> <i>L. F. Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ri*ent*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being orient or bright; splendor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"i*fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>orificium</i>; <i>os</i>, <i>oris</i>, a mouth + <i>facere</i> to
make. See <u>Oral</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.] <def>A mouth or aperture, as
of a tube, pipe, etc.; an opening; as, the <i>orifice</i> of an
artery or vein; the <i>orifice</i> of a wound.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Etna was bored through the top with a monstrous
<i>orifice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or"i*flamb</hw>, <hw>Or"i*flamme</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>oriflamme</i>, OF. <i>oriflambe</i>, LL.
<i>auriflamma</i>; L. <i>aurum</i> gold + <i>flamma</i> flame; cf. L.
<i>flammula</i> a little banner. So called because it was a flag of
red silk, split into many points, and borne on a gilded lance.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The ancient royal standard of
France.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A standard or ensign, in battle.</def> "A
handkerchief like an <i>oriflamb</i>."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And be your <i>oriflamme</i> to-day the helmet of
Navarre.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or"i*gan</hw> (?), <hw>||O*rig"a*num</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>origanum</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, prob. fr.
<grk>'o`ros</grk>, mountain + &?; brightness, beauty.  Cf.
<u>Organy</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of aromatic labiate
plants, including the sweet marjoram (<i>O. Marjorana</i>) and the
wild marjoram (<i>O. vulgare</i>).</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"i*gen*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>The opinions of <i>Origen</i> of Alexandria, who
lived in the 3d century, one of the most learned of the Greek
Fathers. Prominent in his teaching was the doctrine that all created
beings, including Satan, will ultimately be saved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"i*gen*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower of
Origen of Alexandria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"i*gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>origine</i>, L.
<i>origo</i>, <i>-iginis</i>, fr. <i>oriri</i> to rise, become
visible; akin to Gr. <grk>'orny`nai</grk> to stir up, rouse, Skr.
<i>&rsdot;</i>, and perh. to E. <i>run</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The first existence or beginning of
anything; the birth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This mixed system of opinion and sentiment had its
<i>origin</i> in the ancient chivalry.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That from which anything primarily
proceeds; the fountain; the spring; the cause; the
occasion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The point of attachment or
end of a muscle which is fixed during contraction; -- in
contradistinction to <i>insertion</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Origin of co&ouml;rdinate axes</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>the point where the axes intersect. See Note under
<u>Ordinate</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Commencement; rise; source; spring; fountain;
derivation; cause; root; foundation.  -- <u>Origin</u>,
<u>Source</u>. <i>Origin</i> denotes the rise or commencement of a
thing; <i>source</i> presents itself under the image of a fountain
flowing forth in a continuous stream of influences. The <i>origin</i>
of moral evil has been much disputed, but no one can doubt that it is
the <i>source</i> of most of the calamities of our race.</p>

<p><blockquote>I think he would have set out just as he did, with the
<i>origin</i> of ideas -- the proper starting point of a grammarian,
who is to treat of their signs.</blockquote> <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Famous Greece,<BR>
That <i>source</i> of art and cultivated thought<BR>
Which they to Rome, and Romans hither, brought.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*rig"i*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being originated.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*rig"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>original</i>, L. <i>originalis</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the origin or beginning;
preceding all others; first in order; primitive; primary; pristine;
as, the <i>original</i> state of man; the <i>original</i> laws of a
country; the <i>original</i> inventor of a process.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His form had yet not lost<BR>
All her <i>original</i> brightness.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not copied, imitated, or translated; new;
fresh; genuine; as, an <i>original</i> thought; an <i>original</i>
process; the <i>original</i> text of Scripture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having the power to suggest new thoughts
or combinations of thought; inventive; as, an <i>original</i>
genius.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Before unused or unknown; new; as, a book
full of <i>original</i> matter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Original sin</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>the first sin
of Adam, as related to its consequences to his descendants of the
human race; -- called also <i>total depravity</i>. See
<u>Calvinism</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O*rig"i*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>original</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Origin; commencement; source.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It hath it <i>original</i> from much
grief.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And spangled heavens, a shining frame,<BR>
Their great <i>Original</i> proclaim.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which precedes all others of its
class; archetype; first copy; hence, an original work of art,
manuscript, text, and the like, as distinguished from a copy,
translation, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Scriptures may be now read in their own
<i>original</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An original thinker or writer; an
originator.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Men who are bad at copying, yet are good
<i>originals</i>.</blockquote> <i>C. G. Leland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person of marked eccentricity.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l. &amp; Bot.)</i> <def>The natural or
wild species from which a domesticated or cultivated variety has been
derived; as, the wolf is thought by some to be the <i>original</i> of
the dog, the blackthorn the <i>original</i> of the plum.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*rig"i*nal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
original.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>O*rig`i*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>originalit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
original.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*rig"i*nal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the original time, or in an original
manner; primarily; from the beginning or origin; not by derivation,
or imitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God is <i>originally</i> holy in himself.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At first; at the origin; at the time of
formation or costruction; as, a book <i>originally</i> written by
another hand.</def> "<i>Originally</i> a half length [portrait]."
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*rig"i*nal*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being original; originality.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*rig"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Originating;
original.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An absolutely <i>originant</i> act of self
will.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Shedd.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*rig"i*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>originarius</i>: cf. F. <i>originaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Causing existence; productive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The production of animals, in the <i>originary</i>
way, requires a certain degree of warmth.</blockquote>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Primitive; primary; original.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The grand <i>originary</i> right of all
rights.</blockquote> <i>Hickok.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*rig"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Originated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Originating</u>.] [From <u>Origin</u>.] <def>To give
an origin or beginning to; to cause to be; to bring into existence;
to produce as new.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A decomposition of the whole civill and political
mass, for the purpose of <i>originating</i> a new civil
order.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*rig"i*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take first
existence; to have origin or beginning; to begin to exist or act; as,
the scheme <i>originated</i> with the governor and council.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*rig`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>originatio</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of bringing or coming
into existence; first production.</def> "The <i>origination</i> of
the universe."  <i>Keill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What comes from spirit is a spontaneous
<i>origination</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hickok.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mode of production, or bringing into
being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This eruca is propagated by animal parents, to wit,
butterflies, after the common <i>origination</i> of all
caterpillars.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*rig"i*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
power, or tending, to originate, or bring into existence;
originating.</def> <i>H. Bushnell.</i> --
<wf>O*rig"i*na*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O*rig"i*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
originates.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*ril"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., lit., a little
ear, from <i>oreille</i> an ear, fr. L. <i>oricula</i>,
<i>auricula</i>, dim. of <i>auris</i> an ear. See <u>Ear</u>.]
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A semicircular projection made at the shoulder of
a bastion for the purpose of covering the retired flank, -- found in
old fortresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ri*ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Oriel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ri*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>oriol</i>,
<i>oriouz</i>, <i>orieus</i>, F. <i>loriot</i> (for <i>l'oriol</i>),
fr. L. <i>aureolus</i> golden, dim. of <i>aureus</i> golden, fr.
<i>aurum</i> gold.  Cf. <u>Aureole</u>, <u>Oriel</u>, <u>Loriot</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def> Any one of various
species of Old World singing birds of the family
<i>Oriolid&aelig;</i>. They are usually conspicuously colored with
yellow and black. The European or golden oriole (<i>Oriolus
galbula</i>, or <i>O. oriolus</i>) has a very musical flutelike note.
</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In America, any one of several
species of the genus <i>Icterus</i>, belonging to the family
<i>Icterid&aelig;</i>. See <u>Baltimore oriole</u>, and <i>Orchard
oriole</i>, under <u>Orchard</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Crested oriole</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cassican</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O*ri"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
orig., a celebrated hunter in the oldest Greek mythology, after whom
this constellation was named.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A large and
bright constellation on the equator, between the stars Aldebaran and
Sirius. It contains a remarkable nebula visible to the naked
eye.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flaming glories of <i>Orion's</i>
belt.</blockquote> <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*ris"ka*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Oriskany</i>, in New York.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Designating, or
pertaining to, certain beds, chiefly limestone, characteristic of the
latest period of the Silurian age.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oriskany period</b></col>, <cd>a subdivision of the
American Paleozoic system intermediate or translational in character
between the Silurian and Devonian ages. See <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O*ris`mo*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Nat.
Hist.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to orismology.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ris*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
marking out by boundaries, the definition of a word + <i>-logy</i>.
See <u>Horizon</u>.] <def>That departament of natural history which
treats of technical terms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"i*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>orison</i>,
<i>oreson</i>, <i>oreison</i>, F. <i>oraison</i>, fr. L.
<i>oratio</i> speech, prayer. See <u>Oration</u>.] <def>A prayer; a
supplication.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Chaucer. Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lowly they bowed, adoring, and began<BR>
Their <i>orisons</i>, each morning duly paid.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"i*sont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Horizon.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ork</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Orc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ork"ney*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Orkney islands.</def> "<i>Orkneyan</i> skerries."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Orle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>orle</i> an orle, a
fillet, fr. LL. <i>orla</i> border, dim. of L. <i>ora</i> border,
margin.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A bearing, in the form of a
fillet, round the shield, within, but at some distance from, the
border.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The wreath, or chaplet,
surmounting or encircling the helmet of a knight and bearing the
crest.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In orle</b></col>, <cd>round the escutcheon, leaving the
middle of the field vacant, or occupied by something else; -- said of
bearings arranged on the shield in the form of an orle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"le*ans</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the
city of <i>Orl&eacute;ans</i>, in France.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
cloth made of worsted and cotton, -- used for wearing
apparel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A variety of the plum. See under
<u>Plum</u>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Or"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A wind instrument of music in use among the Spaniards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>overloop</i> the
upper deck, lit., a running over or overflowing, fr.
<i>overloopen</i> to run over. See <u>Over</u>, and <u>Leap</u>, and
cf. <u>Overloop</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The lowest deck of a
vessel, esp. of a ship of war, consisting of a platform laid over the
beams in the hold, on which the cables are coiled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An abalone.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1013 !></p>

<p><hw>Or`mo*lu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>or moulu</i>;
<i>or</i> gold (L. <i>aurum</i>) + <i>moulu</i>, p. p. of
<i>moudre</i> to grind, to mill, L. <i>molere</i>. See
<u>Aureate</u>, and <u>Mill</u>.] <def>A variety of brass made to
resemble gold by the use of less zinc and more copper in its
composition than ordinary brass contains. Its golden color is often
heightened by means of lacquer of some sort, or by use of acids.
Called also <i>mosaic gold</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ormolu varnish</b></col>, <cd>a varnish applied to metals,
as brass, to give the appearance of gold.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Or"muzd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Zend
<i>Ahuramazda</i>.] <def>The good principle, or being, of the ancient
Persian religion. See <u>Ahriman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Orn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ornament; to
adorn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"na*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>ornement</i>, F. <i>ornement</i>, fr. L. <i>ornamentum</i>, fr.
<i>ornare</i> to adorn.] <def>That which embellishes or adorns; that
which adds grace or beauty; embellishment; decoration;
adornment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ornament</i> of a meek and quiet
spirit.</blockquote> <i>1 Pet. iii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like that long-buried body of the king<BR>
Found lying with his urns and <i>ornaments</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"na*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ornamented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ornamenting</u>.] <def>To adorn; to deck; to embellish; to
beautify; as, to <i>ornament</i> a room, or a city.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Adorn</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Or`na*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ornemental</i>.] <def>Serving to ornament; characterized by
ornament; beautifying; embellishing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some think it most <i>ornamental</i> to wear their
bracelets on their wrists; others, about their ankles.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`na*men"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
ornament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`na*men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or art of ornamenting, or the state
of being ornamented.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which ornaments; ornament.</def>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"na*ment*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ornaments; a decorator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*nate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ornatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>ornare</i> to adorn.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Adorned;
decorated; beautiful.</def> "So bedecked, <i>ornate</i>, and gay."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Finely finished, as a style of
composition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A graceful and <i>ornate</i> rhetoric.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*nate"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To adorn; to
honor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They may <i>ornate</i> and sanctify the name of
God.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*nate"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an ornate
manner.</def>  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*nate"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being ornate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"na*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ornatura</i>.] <def>Decoration; ornamentation.</def> [R.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*nith"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
bird.] <def>Of or pertaining to birds; as, <i>ornithic</i>
fossils.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`nith*ich"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ornitho-
</i> + Gr. &?; track.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>The footmark of a bird
occurring in strata of stone.</def>  <i>Hitchcock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`nith*ich*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Ornitho-</i> + <i>ichnology</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>The
branch of science which treats of ornithichnites.</def>
<i>Hitchcock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ornitho-</hw>. [Cf. <u>Ern</u>.] <def>A combining form fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or*ni`tho*del"phi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; + &?; the womb.] <def>Same as <u>Monotremata</u>.</def> -
- <wf>Or`ni*tho*del"phid</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Or`ni*thoid*ich"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Ornitho-</i> + <i>-oid</i> + Gr. &?; footstep, track.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil track resembling that of a bird.</def>
<i>Hitchcock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*nith"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ornitho-</i>
+ <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The fossil
remains of a bird.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A stone of various
colors bearing the figures of birds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or`ni*tho*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Or`ni*tho*log"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ornithologique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to ornithology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ni*thol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ornithologiste</i>.] <def>One skilled in ornithology; a student of
ornithology; one who describes birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ni*thol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ornitho-
</i> + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>ornithologie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That branch of zo&ouml;logy which treats of the natural history
of birds and their classification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise or book on this
science.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*nith"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;,
&?;, a bird + &?; divination: cf. F. <i>ornithomancie</i>.]
<def>Divination by means of birds, their flight, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ornithomancy</i> grew into an elaborate
science.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Or*ni"thon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?;, &?;, a bird.] <def>An aviary; a poultry house.</def>
<i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Or*ni`tho*pap"pi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?; a bird + &?; an ancestor.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
extinct order of birds. It includes only the
Arch&aelig;opteryx.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or`ni*thop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ornitho-</u>, and <u>-poda</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An order of
herbivorous dinosaurs with birdlike characteristics in the skeleton,
esp. in the pelvis and hind legs, which in some genera had only three
functional toes, and supported the body in walking as in Iguanodon.
See <i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or`ni*tho*rhyn"chus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, a bird + &?; snout, beak.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<i>Duck mole</i>, under <u>Duck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or*ni`tho*sau"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Ornitho-</u>, and <u>Sauria</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An
order of extinct flying reptiles; -- called also
<i>Pterosauria</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or*ni`tho*scel"i*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, a bird + &?; a leg.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
group of extinct Reptilia, intermediate in structure (especially with
regard to the pelvis) between reptiles and birds.</def> --
<wf>Or`ni*tho*scel"i*dan</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Or`ni*thos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ornitho-
</i> + <i>-scopy</i>: cf. Gr. &?; divination from birds.]
<def>Observation of birds and their habits.</def> [R.]  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`ni*tho*tom"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to ornithotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ni*thot"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
is skilled in ornithotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`ni*thot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
a bird + &?; to cut.] <def>The anatomy or dissection of
birds.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Or`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to orography.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*rog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'o`ros</grk>, a mountain + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>That branch of
science which treats of mountains and mountain systems; orology; as,
the <i>orography</i> of Western Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or`o*hip"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'o`ros</grk>, mountain (referring to the Rocky Mountain region)
+ <grk>"i`ppos</grk> horse.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of
American Eocene mammals allied to the horse, but having four toes in
front and three behind.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"roide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>or</i> gold (L.
<i>aurum</i>) + Gr. &?; form.] <def>An alloy, chiefly of copper and
zinc or tin, resembling gold in color and brilliancy.</def> [Written
also <i>oreide</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Or`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>orologique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to orology.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*rol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
orology.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*rol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; mountain +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>orologie</i>.] <def>The science or
description of mountains.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ro*tund`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>os</i>,
<i>oris</i>, the mouth + <i>rotundus</i> round, smooth.]
<def>Characterized by fullness, clearness, strength, and smoothness;
ringing and musical; -- said of the voice or manner of
utterance.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The orotund voice or
utterance</def>  <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ro*tun"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The orotund
mode of intonation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"pha*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Orpheline</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Or"phan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>orphanus</i>,
Gr. &?;, akin to L. <i>orbus</i>.  Cf. <u>Orb</u> a blank window.]
<def>A child bereaved of both father and mother; sometimes, also, a
child who has but one parent living.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Orphans' court</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a court in some
of the States of the Union, having jurisdiction over the estates and
persons of orphans or other wards.</cd>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"phan</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bereaved of parents,
or (sometimes) of one parent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"phan</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Orphaned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Orphaning</u>.] <def>To cause to become an orphan; to deprive of
parents.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"phan*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being an orphan; orphanhood; orphans,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An institution or asylum for the care of
orphans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"phan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Orphanhood.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"phan*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
orphan.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"phan*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
condition of being an orphan; orphanage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"phan*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Orphanhood.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Or`phan*ot"ro*phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
care and support of orphans.</def> [R.]  <i>Cotton Mather
(1711).</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`phan*ot"ro*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>orphanotrophium</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; an orphan + &?; to feed, bring
up.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hospital for orphans.</def> [R.]  <i>A.
Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of supporting orphans.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Or*pha"ri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>An old instrument of the lute or cittern kind.</def> [Spelt also
<i>orpheoreon</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Or*phe"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Orph</i>&?;<i>us</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to Orpheus,
the mythic poet and musician; as, <i>Orphean</i> strains.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"phe*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>orphelin</i>. See <u>Orphan</u>.] <def>An orphan.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Udcll.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"phe*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Orpheus</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>The famous mythic Thracian poet,
son of the Muse Calliope, and husband of Eurydice. He is reputed to
have had power to entrance beasts and inanimate objects by the music
of his lyre.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Orphicus</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to Orpheus; Orphean; as, <i>Orphic</i>
hymns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"phrey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Orfrays</u>.]
<def>A band of rich embroidery, wholly or in part of gold, affixed to
vestments, especially those of ecclesiastics.</def>
<i>Pugin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"pi*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>auripigmentum</i>; <i>aurum</i> gold + <i>pigmentum</i> pigment.
Cf. <u>Aureate</u>, <u>Pigment</u>, <u>Orpin</u>, <u>Orpine</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Arsenic sesquisulphide, produced artificially as
an amorphous lemonyellow powder, and occurring naturally as a yellow
crystalline mineral; -- formerly called <i>auripigment</i>. It is
used in king's yellow, in white Indian fire, and in certain technical
processes, as indigo printing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>orpiment</i> and sublimed
mercurie.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Red orpiment</b></col>, <cd>realgar; the red sulphide of
arsenic.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow orpiment</b></col>, <cd>king's
yellow.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"pin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., orpiment, also, the
plant orpine. See <u>Orpiment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A yellow
pigment of various degrees of intensity, approaching also to
red.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The orpine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>orpin</i> the
genus of plants which includes orpine; -- so called from the yellow
blossoms of a common species (<i>Sedum acre</i>).  See
<u>Orpiment</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A low plant with fleshy leaves
(<i>Sedum telephium</i>), having clusters of purple flowers. It is
found on dry, sandy places, and on old walls, in England, and has
become naturalized in America. Called also <i>stonecrop</i>, and
<i>live-forever</i>.</def> [Written also <i>orpin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Or"rach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Orach</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"re*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Orreries</b></plw> (#). [So named in honor of the Earl of
<i>Orrery</i>.] <def>An apparatus which illustrates, by the
revolution of balls moved by wheelwork, the relative size, periodic
motions, positions, orbits, etc., of bodies in the solar
system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupted from
It. <i>ireos</i> iris. See <u>Iris</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant
of the genus <i>Iris</i> (<i>I. Florentina</i>); a kind of flower-de-
luce. Its rootstock has an odor resembling that of violets.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Orris pea</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an issue pea made
from orris root.</cd> -- <col><b>Orris root</b></col>, <cd>the
fragrant rootstock of the orris.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Contr. from <i>orfrays</i>, or from <i>arras</i>.] <def>A sort of
gold or silver lace.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A peculiar pattern in which gold lace or
silver lace is worked; especially, one in which the edges are
ornamented with conical figures placed at equal distances, with spots
between them.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Orse"dew</hw> (?), <hw>Or"se*due</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Leaf metal of bronze; Dutch metal. See
under <u>Dutch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or`seille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Archil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*sel"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From F.
<i>orseille</i> archil. See <u>Archil</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found in certain lichens,
and called also <i>lecanoric acid</i>.</def> [Formerly written also
<i>orseillic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Or`sel*lin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid obtained by a
partial decomposition of orsellic acid as a white crystalline
substance, and related to protocatechuic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Orts</b></plw> (#). [Akin to LG. <i>ort</i>, <i>ortels</i>,
remnants of food, refuse, OFries. <i>ort</i>, OD. <i>oorete</i>,
<i>ooraete</i>; prob. from the same prefix as in E. <i>or</i>deal + a
word akin to <i>eat</i>.] <def>A morsel left at a meal; a fragment;
refuse; -- commonly used in the plural.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him have time a beggar's <i>orts</i> to
crave.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`ta*lid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous small two-winged flies
of the family <i>Ortalid&aelig;</i>. The larv&aelig; of many of these
flies live in fruit; those of others produce galls on various
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"thid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A brachiopod shell of the genus Orthis, and allied genera, of
the family <i>Orthid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or"this</hw> (&ocirc;r"th&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'orqo`s</grk> straight.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An extinct genus of Brachiopoda, abundant in the Paleozoic
rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"thite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; straight.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of allanite occurring in slender
prismatic crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; straight; akin to Skr.
<i>&?;rdhva</i> upright, <i>vrdh</i> to grow, to cause to grow.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A combining form signifying
<i>straight</i>, <i>right</i>, <i>upright</i>, <i>correct</i>,
<i>regular</i>; as, <i>ortho</i>dromy, <i>ortho</i>diagonal,
<i>ortho</i>dox, <i>ortho</i>graphic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also used
adjectively)</def>, designating: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Inorganic
Chem.)</i> <def>The one of several acids of the same element (as the
phosphoric acids), which actually occurs with <i>the greatest number
of hydroxyl groups</i>; as, <i>ortho</i>phosphoric acid.  Cf.
<u>Normal</u>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Organic Chem.)</i>
<def><i>Connection with</i>, or <i>affinity to</i>, one variety of
isomerism, characteristic of the benzene compounds; -- contrasted
with <i>meta-</i> or <i>para-</i>; as, the <i>ortho</i> position;
hence, designating any substance showing such isomerism; as, an
<i>ortho</i> compound.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the graphic representation of the benzene nucleus (see
<i>Benzene nucleus</i>, under <u>Benzene</u>), provisionally adopted,
any substance exhibiting double substitution in adjacent and
contiguous carbon atoms, as 1 &amp; 2, 3 &amp; 4, 4 &amp; 5, etc., is designated
by <i>ortho-</i>; as, <i>ortho</i>xylene; any substance exhibiting
substitution of two carbon atoms with one intervening, as 1 &amp; 3, 2 &
4, 3 &amp; 5, 4 &amp; 6, etc., by <i>meta-</i>; as, resorcin or
<i>meta</i>xylene; any substance exhibiting substitution in opposite
parts, as 1 &amp; 4, 2 &amp; 5, 3 &amp; 6, by <i>para-</i>; as, hydroquinone or
<i>para</i>xylene.</p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*car*bon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-
</i> + <i>carbonic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Designating a complex
ether, C.(OC<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>4</sub>, which is obtained
as a liquid of a pleasant ethereal odor by means of chlorpicrin, and
is believed to be a derivative of the hypothetical normal carbonic
acid, C.(OH)<sub>4</sub>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*cen"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> +
<i>center</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>That point in which the three
perpendiculars let fall from the angles of a triangle upon the
opposite sides, or the sides produced, mutually intersect.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or*thoc"e*ras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'orqo`s</grk> straight + &?; a horn.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An
extinct genus of Paleozoic Cephalopoda, having a long, straight,
conical shell. The interior is divided into numerous chambers by
transverse septa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*cer"a*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-
</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, a horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An orthoceras;
also, any fossil shell allied to Orthoceras.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*clase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> +
Gr. &?; to break.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Common or potash feldspar
crystallizing in the monoclinic system and having two cleavages at
right angles to each other. See <u>Feldspar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*clas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Breaking in directions at right angles to
each other; -- said of the monoclinic feldspars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*di*ag"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-
</i> + <i>diagonal</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The diagonal or
lateral axis in a monoclinic crystal which is at right angles with
the vertical axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*dome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> +
<i>dome</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>See the Note under
<u>Dome</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*dox</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>orthodoxus</i>, Gr. <grk>'orqo`doxos</grk>; <grk>'orqo`s</grk>
right, true + <grk>do`xa</grk> opinion, <grk>dokei^n</grk> to think,
seem; cf. F. <i>orthodoxe</i>. See <u>Ortho-</u>, <u>Dogma</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sound in opinion or doctrine, especially in
religious doctrine; hence, holding the Christian faith; believing the
doctrines taught in the Scriptures; -- opposed to <i>heretical</i>
and <i>heterodox</i>; as, an <i>orthodox</i> Christian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According or congruous with the doctrines
of Scripture, the creed of a church, the decree of a council, or the
like; as, an <i>orthodox</i> opinion, book, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Approved; conventional.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He saluted me on both cheeks in the <i>orthodox</i>
manner.</blockquote> <i>H. R. Haweis.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>orthodox</i> differs in its use among the
various Christian communions. The Greek Church styles itself the
"Holy <i>Orthodox</i> Apostolic Church," regarding all other bodies
of Christians as more or less heterodox. The Roman Catholic Church
regards the Protestant churches as heterodox in many points. In the
United States the term <i>orthodox</i> is frequently used with
reference to divergent views on the doctrine of the Trinity. Thus it
has been common to speak of the Trinitarian Congregational churches
in distinction from the Unitarian, as <i>Orthodox</i>. The name is
also applied to the conservative, in distinction from the "liberal",
or Hicksite, body in the Society of Friends.  <i>Schaff-Herzog
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1014 !></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*dox`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or evincing, orthodoxy; orthodox.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*dox*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Orthodoxness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*dox`al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Orthodoxly.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*dox*as"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Orthodox.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*dox"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or evincing, orthodoxy; orthodox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*dox`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
orthodox manner; with soundness of faith.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*dox`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being orthodox; orthodoxy.</def>  <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*dox`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>orthodoxie</i>. See <u>Orthodox</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Soundness of faith; a belief in the doctrines taught in the
Scriptures, or in some established standard of faith; -- opposed to
<i>heterodoxy</i> or to <i>heresy</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Basil himself bears full and clear testimony to
Gregory's <i>orthodoxy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consonance to genuine Scriptural
doctrines; -- said of moral doctrines and beliefs; as, the
<i>orthodoxy</i> of a creed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>By extension, said of any correct doctrine
or belief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*drom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> +
Gr. &?; to run.] <def>Of or pertaining to orthodromy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*drom"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
sailing in a direct course, or on the arc of a great circle, which is
the shortest distance between any two points on the surface of the
globe; great-circle sailing; orthodromy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*drom`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>orthodromie</i>.] <def>The act or art of sailing on a great
circle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or`tho*&euml;p"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Or`tho*&euml;p"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to ortho&euml;py,
or correct pronunciation.</def> -- <wf>Or`tho*&euml;p"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*&euml;*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
is skilled in ortho&euml;py.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*&euml;*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'orqo`s</grk> right + &?; a word: cf. F.
<i>ortho&eacute;pie</i>. See <u>Ortho-</u>, and <u>Epic</u>.]
<def>The art of uttering words correctly; a correct pronunciation of
words; also, mode of pronunciation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thog"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> +
Gr. &?; marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Direct fertilization in plants,
as when the pollen fertilizing the ovules comes from the stamens of
the same blossom; -- opposed to <i>heterogamy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`thog*nath"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Orthognathous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thog"na*thism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The quality or state of being orthognathous.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*thog"na*thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i>
+ Gr. &?; the jaw.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the front of the head,
or the skull, nearly perpendicular, not retreating backwards above
the jaws; -- opposed to <i>prognathous</i>. See <i>Gnathic index</i>,
under <u>Gnathic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> + Gr.
&?; angle: cf. F. <i>orthogone</i>, a.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
rectangular figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thog"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>orthogonal</i>.] <def>Right-angled; rectangular; as, an
<i>orthogonal</i> intersection of one curve with another.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Orthogonal projection</b></col>.  <cd>See under
<u>Orthographic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or*thog"o*nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Perpendicularly; at right angles; as, a curve cuts a set of
curves <i>orthogonally</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in orthography; one who spells words correctly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or`tho*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Or`tho*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>orthographique</i>, L.
<i>orthographus</i>, Gr. &?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to orthography, or right
spelling; also, correct in spelling; as, <i>orthographical</i> rules;
the letter was <i>orthographic</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to right
lines or angles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Orthographic or Orthogonal</b></col>,
<col><b>projection</b></col>, <cd>that projection which is made by
drawing lines, from every point to be projected, perpendicular to the
plane of projection. Such a projection of the sphere represents its
circles as seen in perspective by an eye supposed to be placed at an
infinite distance, the plane of projection passing through the center
of the sphere perpendicularly to the line of sight.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*graph"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
orthographical manner</def>: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>according to
the rules of proper spelling</def>; <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>according to orthographic projection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spells words correctly; an orthographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thog"ra*phize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
spell correctly or according to usage; to correct in regard to
spelling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>In the</i> coalesced into <i>ith</i>, which modern
reaction has <i>orthographized</i> to <i>i' th'</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or*thog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>ortographie</i>, OF. <i>orthographie</i>, L. <i>orthographia</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; writing correctly; <grk>'orqo`s</grk> right +
<grk>gra`fein</grk> to write. See <u>Ortho-</u>, and
<u>Graphic</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or practice of writing words with
the proper letters, according to standard usage; conventionally
correct spelling; also, mode of spelling; as, his <i>orthography</i>
is vicious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When spelling no longer follows the pronunciation, but
is hardened into <i>orthography</i>.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part of grammar which treats of the
letters, and of the art of spelling words correctly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A drawing in correct projection,
especially an elevation or a vertical section.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'orqo`s</grk> right + &?; speech, description: cf. F.
<i>orthologie</i>.] <def>The right description of things.</def> [R.]
<i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Orthometry</u>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Having the axes at
right angles to one another; -- said of crystals or crystalline
forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> +
<i>-metry</i>.] <def>The art or practice of constructing verses
correctly; the laws of correct versification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i>
+ <i>morphic</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Having the right
form.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Orthomorphic projection</b></col>, <cd>a projection in
which the angles in the figure to be projected are equal to the
corresponding angles in the projected figure.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or`tho*ped"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Or`tho*ped"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or employed
in, orthopedy; relating to the prevention or cure of deformities of
children, or, in general, of the human body at any age; as,
<i>orthopedic</i> surgery; an <i>orthopedic</i> hospital.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thop"e*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>One who prevents, cures, or remedies deformities, esp. in
children.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thop"e*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, a child.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The art or practice of
curing the deformities of children, or, by extension, any deformities
of the human body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thoph"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> +
Gr. &?; voice.] <def>The art of correct articulation; voice
training.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*pin"a*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-
</i> + <i>pinacoid</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A name given to
the two planes in the monoclinic system which are parallel to the
vertical and orthodiagonal axes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Or`thop*n&oelig;"a</hw> (?), <hw>Or*thop"ny</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>orthopnoea</i>, Gr. &?;;
<grk>'orqo`s</grk>straight, right + <grk>pnei^n</grk> to breathe: cf.
F. <i>orthopn&eacute;e</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Specifically, a
morbid condition in which respiration can be performed only in an
erect posture; by extension, any difficulty of breathing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or*thop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ortho-</u>, and <u>-poda</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extinct
order of reptiles which stood erect on the hind legs, and resembled
birds in the structure of the feet, pelvis, and other
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*prax`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'orqo`s</grk> straight + &?; a doing.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
treatment of deformities in the human body by mechanical
appliances.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or*thop"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>'orqo`s</grk> straight + &?; feather, wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of mandibulate insects including
grasshoppers, locusts, cockroaches, etc. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Insect</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The anterior wings are usually thickened and protect the
posterior wings, which are larger and fold longitudinally like a fan.
The Orthoptera undergo no metamorphosis.</p>

<p><hw>Or*thop"ter*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Orthoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thop"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Orthoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*rhom"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i>
+ <i>rhombic</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Noting the system of
crystallization which has three unequal axes at right angles to each
other; trimetric. See <u>Crystallization</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physyol.)</i> <def>An instrument designed to show
the condition of the superficial portions of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>Giving an image in correct or normal proportions; giving a flat
field of view; as, an <i>orthoscopic</i> eyepiece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*si*lic"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i>
+ <i>silicic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Designating the form of
silicic acid having the normal or highest number of hydroxyl
groups.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*sper"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i>
+ Gr. &?; seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the seeds straight, as in
the fruits of some umbelliferous plants; -- opposed to
<i>c&oelig;lospermous</i>.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*stade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>'orqo`s</grk> straight + &?; to place.] <i>(Anc. Costume)</i>
<def>A chiton, or loose, ungirded tunic, falling in straight
folds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thos"ti*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Orthostichies</b></plw> (#). [<i>Ortho-</i> + Gr. &?; row.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A longitudinal rank, or row, of leaves along a
stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*tom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> +
Gr. &?; to cleave.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Cutting at right
angles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Orthotomic circle</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>that
circle which cuts three given circles at right angles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Or*thot"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Having two cleavages at right angles with
one another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or*thot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>The property of cutting at right angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> +
Gr. &?; tone, accent.] <i>(Gr. Gram.)</i> <def>Retaining the accent;
not enclitic; -- said of certain indefinite pronouns and adverbs when
used interrogatively, which, when not so used, are ordinarilly
enclitic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or*thot"ro*pal</hw> (?), <hw>Or*thot"ro*pous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> + Gr. &?; to turn: cf. F.
<i>orthotrope</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the axis of an ovule or
seed straight from the hilum and chalaza to the orifice or the
micropyle; atropous.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word has also been used (but improperly) to describe
any embryo whose radicle points towards, or is next to, the
hilum.</p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Orthotropal</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the longer axis
vertical; -- said of erect stems.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Or`tho*xy"lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ortho-</i> +
<i>xylene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>That variety of xylene in which
the two methyl groups are in the <i>ortho</i> position; a colorless,
liquid, combustible hydrocarbon resembling benzene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ortivus</i>, fr.
<i>oriri</i>, <i>ortus</i>, to rise: cf. F. <i>ortive</i>.] <def>Of
or relating to the time or act of rising; eastern; as, the
<i>ortive</i> amplitude of a planet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"to*lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>ortolano</i> ortolan, gardener, fr. L. <i>hortulanus</i> gardener,
fr. <i>hortulus</i>, dim. of <i>hortus</i> garden. So called because
it frequents the hedges of gardens. See <u>Yard</u> an inclosure, and
cf. <u>Hortulan</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
European singing bird (<i>Emberiza hortulana</i>), about the size of
the lark, with black wings. It is esteemed delicious food when
fattened. Called also <i>bunting</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>In England, the wheatear (<i>Saxicola &oelig;nanthe</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In America, the sora, or Carolina rail
(<i>Porzana Carolina</i>). See <u>Sora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"ty*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
quail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species of East
Indian birds of the genera <i>Ortygis</i> and <i>Hemipodius</i>.
They resemble quails, but lack the hind toe. See
<u>Turnix</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>orvale</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of sage (<i>Salvia Horminum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Or`vet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The blindworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`vi*e"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>orvi&eacute;tan</i>: cf. It. <i>orvietano</i>. So called because
invented at <i>Orvieto</i>, in Italy.] <def>A kind of antidote for
poisons; a counter poison formerly in vogue.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>-o*ry</hw> (?). [L. <i>-orius</i>: cf. F. <i>-oire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An adjective suffix meaning <i>of</i> or
<i>pertaining to</i>, <i>serving for</i>; as in audit<i>ory</i>,
pertaining to or serving for hearing; prohibit<i>ory</i>,
amendat<i>ory</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [L. <i>-orium</i>: cf. F. <i>-oire</i>.] <def>A
noun suffix denoting <i>that which pertains to</i>, or <i>serves
for</i>; as in ambulat<i>ory</i>, that which serves for walking;
consist<i>ory</i>, fact<i>ory</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O"ry*al</hw> (?), <hw>O"ry*all</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Oriel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"yc*tere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; digger: cf.
F. <i>oryct&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The aard-
vark.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*ryc"ter*ope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; digger +
&?; foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Oryctere</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`yc*tog"no*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dug
(&?; to dig) + &?; knowledge.] <def>Mineralogy.</def> [Obs.] --
<wf>Or`yc*tog*nos"tic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Or`yc*tog*nos"tic*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Obs.] --
<wf>Or`yc*tog*nos"tic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Or`yc*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dug +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>Description of fossils.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Or`yc*to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>oryctologique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to oryctology.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Or`yc*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in oryctology.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Or`yc*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dug +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>oryctologie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
old name for paleontology.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old name for mineralogy and
geology.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ryx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?; a kind
of gazelle or antelope.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of African
antelopes which includes the gemsbok, the leucoryx, the bisa antelope
(<i>O. beisa</i>), and the beatrix antelope (<i>O. beatrix</i>) of
Arabia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*ry"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., rice, Gr. &?;
See <u>Rice</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of grasses including the
rice plant; rice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ossa</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ora</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A mouth; an opening; an
entrance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Osar</b></plw> (#). [Sw. <i>&aring;s</i> ridge, chain of
hills, pl. <i>&aring;sar</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>One of the ridges
of sand or gravel found in Sweden, etc., supposed by some to be of
marine origin, but probably formed by subglacial waters. The osar are
similar to the kames of Scotland and the eschars of Ireland. See
<u>Eschar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"sage or"ange</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An ornamental tree
of the genus <i>Maclura</i> (<i>M. aurantiaca</i>), closely allied to
the mulberry (<i>Morus</i>); also, its fruit. The tree was first
found in the country of the Osage Indians, and bears a hard and
inedible fruit of an orangelike appearance. See <u>Bois
d'arc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*sa"ges</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Osage</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
southern Sioux Indians, now living in the Indian Territory.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*san"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hosanna.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"sar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>See 3d <u>Os</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Osci, a primitive people of Campania, a province of ancient
Italy.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of the
Osci.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"cil*lan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
oscillating; a seesaw kind of motion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Os`cil*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>oscillare</i> to swing.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of dark green,
or purplish black, filamentous, fresh-water alg&aelig;, the threads
of which have an automatic swaying or crawling motion. Called also
<i>Oscillatoria</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"cil*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Oscillated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Oscillating</u> (?).] [L. <i>oscillare</i> to swing,
fr. <i>oscillum</i> a swing, a little mask or puppet made to be hung
from trees and swing in the wind, prob. orig., a little mouth, a dim.
from <i>os</i> mouth. See <u>Oral</u>, and cf. <u>Osculate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move backward and forward; to vibrate
like a pendulum; to swing; to sway.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To vary or fluctuate between fixed limits;
to act or move in a fickle or fluctuating manner; to change
repeatedly, back and forth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The amount of superior families <i>oscillates</i>
rather than changes, that is, it fluctuates within fixed
limits.</blockquote> <i>Dc Quincey.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1015 !></p>

<p><hw>Os"cil*la`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
oscillates; vibrating; swinging.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oscillating engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine whose
cylinder oscillates on trunnions instead of being permanently fixed
in a perpendicular or other direction.</cd>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os`cil*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oscillatio</i> a swinging.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of oscillating; a swinging or
moving backward and forward, like a pendulum; vibration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fluctuation; variation; change back and
forth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His mind oscillated, undoubtedly; but the extreme
points of the <i>oscillation</i> were not very remote.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Axis of oscillation</b></col>, <col><b>Center of
oscillation</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Axis</u>, and
<u>Center</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Os"cil*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
oscillate; vibratory.</def> [R.]  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Os`cil*la*to"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Oscillatory</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Oscillaria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"cil*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>oscillatoire</i>. See <u>Oscillate</u>.] <def>Moving, or
characterized by motion, backward and forward like a pendulum;
swinging; oscillating; vibratory; as, <i>oscillatory</i>
motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Relating to the Oscines.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os"ci*nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oscen</i>, <i>-inis</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Singing birds;
a group of the Passeres, having numerous syringeal muscles,
conferring musical ability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*cin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Oscines, or singing birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*cin"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of dipterous files of the family
<i>Oscinid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some, whose larv&aelig; live in the stalks, are very
destructive to barley, wheat, and rye; others, as the barley fly
(<i>Oscinis frit</i>), destroy the heads of grain.</p>

<p><hw>Os"ci*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Oscines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"ci*tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Oscitant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of gaping or yawning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Drowsiness; dullness; sluggishness.</def>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It might proceed from the <i>oscitancy</i> of
transcribers.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"ci*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>oscitans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>oscitare</i>: cf. F. <i>oscitant</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Yawning; gaping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sleepy; drowsy; dull; sluggish;
careless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He must not be <i>oscitant</i>, but intent on his
charge.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"ci*tant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an oscitant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"ci*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oscitare</i>; <i>os</i> the mouth + <i>citare</i>, v. intens. fr.
<i>ciere</i> to move.] <def>To gape; to yawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`ci*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oscitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>oscitation</i>.] <def>The act of yawning
or gaping.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"cu*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>osculans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>osculari</i> to kiss. See
<u>Osculate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Kissing; hence, meeting;
clinging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Adhering closely;
embracing; -- applied to certain creeping animals, as
caterpillars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Intermediate in character,
or on the border, between two genera, groups, families, etc., of
animals or plants, and partaking somewhat of the characters of each,
thus forming a connecting link; interosculant; as, the genera by
which two families approximate are called <i>osculant</i>
genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Osculated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Osculating</u>.] [L. <i>osculatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>osculari</i> to kiss, fr. <i>osculum</i> a little mouth, a kiss,
dim. of <i>os</i> mouth. See <u>Oral</u>, and cf.
<u>Oscillate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To kiss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>To touch closely, so as to
have a common curvature at the point of contact. See
<u>Osculation</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"cu*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To kiss one another; to kiss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>To touch closely.  See
<u>Osculation</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To have characters in
common with two genera or families, so as to form a connecting link
between them; to interosculate. See <u>Osculant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`cu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>osculatio</i> a kissing: cf. F. <i>osculation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of kissing; a kiss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The contact of one curve
with another, when the number of consecutive points of the latter
through which the former passes suffices for the complete
determination of the former curve.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"cu*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to kissing; kissing.</def>
"The <i>osculatory</i> ceremony."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or having
the properties of, an osculatrix; capable of osculation; as, a circle
may be <i>osculatory</i> with a curve, at a given point.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Osculatory circle</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Osculating circle of a curve</i>, under <u>Circle</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Osculatory plane</b></col> (to a curve of double curvature),
<cd>a plane which passes through three successive points of the
curve.</cd> -- <col><b>Osculatory sphere</b></col><cd> (to a line of
double curvature), a sphere passing through four consecutive points
of the curve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Os"cu*la*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>osculatorium</i>. See <u>Osculate</u>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Pax</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`cu*la"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Osculatrixes</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A curve
whose contact with a given curve, at a given point, is of a higher
order (or involves the equality of a greater number of successive
differential coefficients of the ordinates of the curves taken at
that point) than that of any other curve of the same kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>oscule</i>.
See <u>Osculum</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the excurrent
apertures of sponges.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os"cu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oscula</b></plw> (#). [L., a little mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Oscule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ose</hw> (?). [L. <i>-osus</i>: cf. F. <i>-ose</i>.  Cf. <u>-
ous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A suffix denoting <i>full of</i>,
<i>containing</i>, <i>having the qualities of</i>, <i>like</i>; as in
verb<i>ose</i>, full of words; pil<i>ose</i>, hairy; glob<i>ose</i>,
like a globe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A suffix indicating that
the substance to the name of which it is affixed is <i>a member of
the carbohydrate group</i>; as in cellul<i>ose</i>, sucr<i>ose</i>,
dextr<i>ose</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"sier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>osier</i>: cf.
<u>Prov</u>. F. <i>oisis</i>, Armor. <i>ozil</i>, <i>aozil</i>, Gr.
&?;, &?;, &?;, L. <i>vitex</i>, and E. <i>withy</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of willow (<i>Salix viminalis</i>)
growing in wet places in Europe and Asia, and introduced into North
America. It is considered the best of the willows for basket work.
The name is sometimes given to any kind of willow.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the long, pliable twigs of this
plant, or of other similar plants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rank of <i>osiers</i> by the murmuring
stream.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Osier bed</b></col>, or <col><b>Osier holt</b></col>,
<cd>a place where willows are grown for basket making.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Red osier</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of willow
with reddish twigs (<i>Salix rubra</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>An American shrub (<i>Cornus stolonifera</i>) which has slender
red branches; -- also called <i>osier cornel</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O"sier</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of osiers;
composed of, or containing, osiers.</def> "This <i>osier</i> cage of
ours."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"siered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered or
adorned with osiers; as, <i>osiered</i> banks.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Collins.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"sier*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An osier
bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*si"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;; of
Egyptian origin.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>One of the principal divinities
of Egypt, the brother and husband of Isis. He was figured as a mummy
wearing the royal cap of Upper Egypt, and was symbolized by the
sacred bull, called <i>Apis</i>.  Cf. <u>Serapis</u>.</def> --
<wf>O*sir"i*an</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Os"man*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Osmanlis</b></plw> (#). [So called from <i>Osman</i>. See
<u>Ottoman</u>.] <def>A Turkish official; one of the dominant tribe
of Turks; loosely, any Turk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of osmic acid.</def> [Formerly written also <i>osmiate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Os`ma*te"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Osmateria</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; smell.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a pair of scent organs which the
larv&aelig; of certain butterflies emit from the first body segment,
either above or below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"ma*zome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; smell, odor
+ &?; broth: cf. F. <i>osmaz&ocirc;me</i>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A
substance formerly supposed to give to soup and broth their
characteristic odor, and probably consisting of one or several of the
class of nitrogenous substances which are called
<i>extractives</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`mi*am"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of osmiamic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`mi*am"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Osmi</i>um +
<i>am</i>ido.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating,
a nitrogenous acid of osmium,
H<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub>Os<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, forming a
well-known series of yellow salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, osmium;
specifically, designating those compounds in which it has a valence
higher than in other lower compounds; as, <i>osmic</i>
oxide.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Osmic acid</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Osmic tetroxide</cd>. [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Osmic acid
proper, an acid analogous to sulphuric acid, not known in the free
state, but forming a well-known and stable series of salts (osmates),
which were formerly improperly called <i>osmites</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Osmic tetroxide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white
volatile crystalline substance, OsO<sub>4</sub>, the most stable and
characteristic of the compounds of osmium. It has a burning taste,
and gives off a vapor, which is a powerful irritant poison, violently
attacking the eyes, and emitting a strong chlorinelike odor. Formerly
improperly called <i>osmic acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Os`mi*dro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; smell + &?; to sweat.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The secretion of fetid
sweat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"mi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Denoting those compounds of osmium in which the element has a
valence relatively lower than in the <i>osmic</i> compounds; as,
<i>osmious</i> chloride.</def> [Written also <i>osmous</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Osmious acid</b></col><cd> <i>(Chem.)</i>, an acid derived
from osmium, analogous to sulphurous acid, and forming unstable
salts. It is a brown amorphous substance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Os"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of osmious acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"mi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a smell,
odor, akin to &?; to smell. So named in allusion to the strong
chlorinelike odor of osmic tetroxide. See <u>Odor</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element of the platinum group,
found native as an alloy in platinum ore, and in iridosmine. It is a
hard, infusible, bluish or grayish white metal, and the heaviest
substance known. Its tetroxide is used in histological experiments to
stain tissues. Symbol <u>Os</u>. Atomic weight 191.1.  Specific
gravity 22.477.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; impulse +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring the
amount of osmotic action in different liquids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*mom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>The study of osmose by means of the osmometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"mose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, equiv. to &?;
impulse, fr. &?; to push.] <i>(Chemical Physics)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The tendency in fluids to mix, or become
equably diffused, when in contact. It was first observed between
fluids of differing densities, and as taking place through a membrane
or an intervening porous structure. The more rapid flow from the
thinner to the thicker fluid was then called <i>endosmose</i>, and
the opposite, slower current, <i>exosmose</i>. Both are, however,
results of the same force. Osmose may be regarded as a form of
molecular attraction, allied to that of adhesion.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The action produced by this
tendency.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Electric osmose</b></col>, or <col><b>Electric
endosmose</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>the transportation of a
liquid through a porous septum by the action of an electric
current.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Os*mo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Osmose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*mot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or having the property of, osmose; as, <i>osmotic</i>
force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"mund</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
fern of the genus <i>Osmunda</i>, or flowering fern. The most
remarkable species is the <i>osmund royal</i>, or <i>royal fern</i>
(<i>Osmunda regalis</i>), which grows in wet or boggy places, and has
large bipinnate fronds, often with a panicle of capsules at the top.
The rootstock contains much starch, and has been used in stiffening
linen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"na*burg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A species of
coarse linen, originally made in <i>Osnaburg</i>, Germany.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"so-ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The small, blueblack, drupelike fruit of the <i>Nuttallia
cerasiformis</i>, a shrub of Oregon and California, belonging to the
Cherry tribe of <i>Rosace&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os*phra"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Osphradia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; strong scent, fr.
&?; to smell.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The olfactory organ of some
Mollusca. It is connected with the organ of respiration.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Os"prey</hw>, <hw>Os"pray</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Through OF. fr. L. <i>ossifraga</i> (orig., the bone breaker); prob.
influenced by <i>oripelargus</i> (mountain stork, a kind of eagle,
Gr. &?;); cf. OF. <i>orpres</i>, and F. <i>orfraie</i>. See
<u>Ossifrage</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fishhawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oss</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Osse</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To prophesy; to presage.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.]
<i>R. Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Osse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>A
prophetic or ominous utterance.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"se*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A fish having a bony skeleton; a teleost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"se*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>os</i> bone.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>The organic basis of bone tissue; the
residue after removal of the mineral matters from bone by dilute
acid; in embryonic tissue, the substance in which the mineral salts
are deposited to form bone; -- called also <i>ostein</i>. Chemically
it is the same as <i>collagen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"se*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The internal bone, or
shell, of a cuttlefish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"se*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>osseus</i>,
from <i>os</i>, <i>ossis</i> bone; akin to Gr. &?;, Skr.
<i>asthi</i>.  Cf. <u>Oyster</u>.] <def>Composed of bone; resembling
bone; capable of forming bone; bony; ossific.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"se*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ, <i>osetr'</i>
sturgeon.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of sturgeon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`si*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to, or characteristic of, <i>Ossian</i>, a legendary Erse
or Celtic bard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The compositions might be fairly classed as
<i>Ossianic</i>.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"si*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ossiculum</i>,
dim. of <i>os</i>, <i>ossis</i>, a bone.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
little bone; as, the auditory <i>ossicles</i> in the tympanum of the
ear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of numerous small
calcareous structures forming the skeleton of certain echinoderms, as
the starfishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*sic"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
small bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os*sic"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ossicula</b></plw> (#). [L., a little bone.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Ossicle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*sif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>os</i>,
<i>ossis</i>, a bone + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F.
<i>ossif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Containing or yielding bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*sif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>os</i>,
<i>ossis</i>, bone + <i>facere</i> to make: cf. F. <i>ossifique</i>.
See <u>Fact</u>.] <def>Capable of producing bone; having the power to
change cartilage or other tissue into bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`si*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ossification</i>. See <u>Ossify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The formation of bone; the process, in the
growth of an animal, by which inorganic material (mainly lime salts)
is deposited in cartilage or membrane, forming bony tissue;
ostosis.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Besides the <i>natural ossification</i> of growing tissue,
there is the so-called <i>accidental ossification</i> which sometimes
follows certain abnormal conditions, as in the ossification of an
artery.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being changed into a bony
substance; also, a mass or point of ossified tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"si*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Changed to bone
or something resembling bone; hardened by deposits of mineral matter
of any kind; -- said of tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"si*frage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ossifraga</i>, <i>ossifragus</i>, osprey, fr. <i>ossifragus</i>
bone breaking; <i>os</i>, <i>ossis</i>, a bone + <i>frangere</i>,
<i>fractum</i>, to break. See <u>Osseous</u>, <u>Break</u>, and cf.
<u>Osprey</u>, <u>Ossifragous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The lammergeir.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The young of the sea eagle or bald eagle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Os*sif"ra*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ossifragus</i>. See <u>Ossifrage</u>.] <def>Serving to break
bones; bone-breaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"si*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ossified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ossifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>os</i>, <i>ossis</i>, bone + <i>-
fy</i>: cf. F. <i>ossifier</i>. See <u>Osseous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To form into bone; to
change from a soft animal substance into bone, as by the deposition
of lime salts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To harden; as, to <i>ossify</i> the
heart.</def>  <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"si*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>To become bone; to change from a soft tissue to a hard bony
tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"si*fy`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Changing into bone; becoming bone; as, the <i>ossifying</i>
process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*siv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>os</i>,
<i>ossis</i>, bone + <i>vorare</i> to devour: cf. F.
<i>ossivore</i>.] <def>Feeding on bones; eating bones; as,
<i>ossivorous</i> quadrupeds.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"spring*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
osprey.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Os`su*a"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
charnel house; an ossuary.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"su*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>ossuarium</i>, fr.
<i>ossuarius</i> of or bones, fr. <i>os</i>, <i>ossis</i>, bone: cf.
F. <i>ossuaire</i>.] <def>A place where the bones of the dead are
deposited; a charnel house.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ost</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Oast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a bone.]
<def>Osseous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bone.]
<def>Ossein.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os`te*i"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Osteo-</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"tel*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hosteler</u>.</def>  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ostendere</i> to show.] <def>To exhibit; to manifest.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Mercy to mean offenders we'll
<i>ostend</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os*ten`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being ostensible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*ten"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>ostensus</i>, p. p. of <i>ostendere</i> to show, prop., to stretch
out before; fr. prefix <i>obs-</i> (old form of <i>ob-</i>) +
<i>tendere</i> to stretch. See <u>Tend</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being shown; proper or intended
to be shown.</def> [R.]  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shown; exhibited; declared; avowed;
professed; apparent; -- often used as opposed to <i>real</i> or
<i>actual</i>; as, an <i>ostensible</i> reason, motive, or aim.</def>
<i>D. Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1016 !></p>

<p><hw>Os*ten"si*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ostensible manner; avowedly; professedly; apparently.</def>
<i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ostensibly</i>, we were intended to prevent
filibustering into Texas, but really as a menace to
Mexico.</blockquote> <i>U. S. Grant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os*ten"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ostensio</i>
a showing: cf. F. <i>ostension</i>. See <u>Ostend</u>.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The showing of the sacrament on the altar in
order that it may receive the adoration of the
communicants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*ten"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showing;
exhibiting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ostensive demonstration</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a
direct or positive demonstration, as opposed to the <i>apagogical</i>
or <i>indirect</i> method.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Os*ten"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
ostensive manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Os`ten*so"ri*um</hw> (?), <hw>Os*ten"so*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>-soria</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>-sories</b></plw> (#). [NL. <i>ostensorium</i>: cf. F.
<i>ostensoir</i>. See <u>Ostensible</u>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Monstrance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ostentus</i>,
<i>ostentum</i>, fr. <i>ostendere</i> (p. p. <i>ostensus</i> and
<i>ostentus</i>) to show. See <u>Ostensible</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Appearance; air; mien.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manifestation; token; portent.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We asked of God that some <i>ostent</i> might
clear<BR>
Our cloudy business, who gave us sign.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"ten*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ostentatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ostentare</i>, v. intens. fr.
<i>ostendere</i>. See <u>Ostent</u>.] <def>To make an ambitious
display of; to show or exhibit boastingly.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os`ten*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ostentatio</i>: cf. F. <i>ostentation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of ostentating or of making an ambitious display;
unnecessary show; pretentious parade; -- usually in a detractive
sense.</def> "Much <i>ostentation</i> vain of fleshly arm."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He knew that good and bountiful minds were sometimes
inclined to <i>ostentation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A show or spectacle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Parade; pageantry; show; pomp; pompousness;
vaunting; boasting. See <u>Parade</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Os`ten*ta"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fond of,
or evincing, ostentation; unduly conspicuous; pretentious;
boastful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Far from being <i>ostentatious</i> of the good you
do.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ostentatious</i> professions of many
years.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Os`ten*ta"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Os`ten*ta"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Os"ten*ta`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
fond of display; a boaster.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os*ten"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ostentatious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Os*ten"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ostentatious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*o-</hw>. <def>A combining form of Gr. &?; <i>a
bone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*o*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i> +
<i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the protoplasmic cells
which occur in the osteogenetic layer of the periosteum, and from or
around which the matrix of the bone is developed; an
osteoplast.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os`te*o*cla"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Osteoclast</u>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of breaking a
bone in order to correct deformity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*o*clast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i> +
Gr. &?; to break.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A myeloplax.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The osteoclasts occur usually in pits or cavities which
they appear to have excavated, and are supposed to be concerned in
the absorption of the bone matrix.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for performing
osteoclasis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*o*col"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i> +
Gr. &?; glue.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of glue obtained from bones.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cellular calc tufa, which in some places
forms incrustations on the stems of plants, -- formerly supposed to
have the quality of uniting fractured bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os`te*o*com"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Osteocommata</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Osteocommas</b></plw>
(#). [NL. See <u>Osteo-</u>, and <u>Comma</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
metamere of the vertebrate skeleton; an osteomere; a vertebra.</def>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*o*cope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; a
bone + &?; a striking, pain: cf. F. <i>ost&eacute;ocope</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pain in the bones; a violent fixed pain in any
part of a bone.</def> -- <wf>Os`te*o*cop"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*o*cra"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-
</i> + <i>cranium</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The bony cranium, as
distinguished from the cartilaginous cranium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*o*den"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i>
+ <i>denite</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A hard substance, somewhat like
bone, which is sometimes deposited within the pulp cavity of
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i> +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The soft tissue, or substance,
which, in developing bone, ultimately undergoes
ossification.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Os`te*o*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <hw>Os`te*og"e*ny</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i> + <i>genesis</i>, or the root of
Gr. &?; to be born: cf. F. <i>ost&eacute;og&eacute;nie</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The formation or growth of bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*o*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Connected with osteogenesis, or the formation
of bone; producing bone; as, <i>osteogenetic</i> tissue; the
<i>osteogenetic</i> layer of the periosteum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*o*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Osteogenetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*og"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
osteologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i>
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The description of bones;
osteology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i> + <i>-
oid</i>: cf. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling bone;
bonelike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i> +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A massive impure apatite, or
calcium phosphate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*ol"o*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in osteology; an osteologist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Os`te*o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Os`te*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ost&eacute;ologique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to osteology.</def> -- <wf>Os`te*o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
skilled in osteology; an osteologer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>ost&eacute;ologie</i>.] <def>The science
which treats of the bones of the vertebrate skeleton.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os`te*o"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Osteomata</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Osteo-</u>, and <u>-
oma</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor composed mainly of bone; a tumor
of a bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os`te*o*ma*la"ci*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; bone + &?; softness.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease of the
bones, in which they lose their earthy material, and become soft,
flexible, and distorted. Also called <i>malacia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*o*man`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i>
Gr. &?; divination.] <def>Divination by means of bones.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Os"te*o*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i> +
<i>-mere</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An osteocomma.</def>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*o*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bone +
&?; voice.] <def>An instrument for transmission of auditory
vibrations through the bones of the head, so as to be appreciated as
sounds by persons deaf from causes other than those affecting the
nervous apparatus of hearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*o*plast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i> +
Gr. &?; to form.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An osteoblast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*o*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i>
+ <i>-plastic</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Producing bone; as,
<i>osteoplastic</i> cells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
replacement of bone; as, an <i>osteoplastic</i> operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*o*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i>
+ <i>-plasty</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An operation or process by
which the total or partial loss of a bone is remedied.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*op`ter*yg"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Osteo-</i> Gr. &?; a fin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having bones
in the fins, as certain fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os`te*o*sar*co"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Osteosarcomata</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Osteo-</u>, and
<u>sarcoma</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor having the structure of a
sacroma in which there is a deposit of bone; sarcoma connected with
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*o*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Osteo-</i> +
Gr. &?;.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Strong nippers or a chisel for dividing
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*ot"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in osteotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The dissection or anatomy of bones;
osteology.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of dividing a
bone or of cutting a piece out of it, -- done to remedy deformity,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os`te*o*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a bone + <grk>zo^,on</grk> an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Vertebrata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"ti*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>ostium</i> door, entrance. See
<u>Usher</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The mouth of a river; an
estuary.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps the door, especially the
door of a church; a porter.</def>  <i>N. Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From North American
Indian <i>oshtegwon</i> a head.] <def>Pertaining to, or applied to,
the language of the Tuscaroras, Iroquois, Wyandots, Winnebagoes, and
a part of the Sioux Indians.</def>  <i>Schoolcraft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"ti*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ostiolum</i> a
little door, dim. of <i>ostium</i> a door: cf. F. <i>ostiole</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The exterior opening of a
stomate. See <u>Stomate</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any small
orifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Osteitis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ostia</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An opening; a
passage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ost"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hostler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ost"ler*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
ostler.</def> [R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ost"ler*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Hostelry</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ost"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Ostman</b></singw>. [See <u>East</u>, and <u>Man</u>.]
<def>East men; Danish settlers in Ireland, formerly so called.</def>
<i>Lyttelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Os*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
a bone.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Bone formation; ossification. See
<u>Ectostosis</u>, and <u>Endostosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os*tra"ce*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; shell of a testacean.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
bivalve mollusks including the oysters and allied shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*tra"cean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ostrea</i>
an oyster. See <u>Oyster</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of a
family of bivalves, of which the oyster is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os*tra"ci*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; small shell.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of plectognath
fishes having the body covered with solid, immovable, bony plates. It
includes the trunkfishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*tra"ci*ont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish of the genus Ostracion and allied
genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"tra*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to ostracize. See <u>Ostracize</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>Banishment by popular vote, -- a means adopted at
Athens to rid the city of a person whose talent and influence gave
umbrage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Banishment; exclusion; as, social
<i>ostracism</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Public envy is as an <i>ostracism</i>, that eclipseth
men when they grow too great.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sentenced to a perpetual <i>ostracism</i> from the . .
. confidence, and honors, and emoluments of his country.</blockquote>
<i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"tra*cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A fossil oyster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"tra*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ostracized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ostracizing</u> (?).] [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a tile, a
tablet used in voting, a shell; cf. &?; oyster, &?; bone.  Cf.
<u>Osseous</u>, <u>Oyster</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>To exile by ostracism; to banish by a popular vote,
as at Athens.</def>  <i>Grote.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To banish from society; to put under the
ban; to cast out from social, political, or private favor; as, he was
<i>ostracized</i> by his former friends.</def>  <i>Marvell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Os*trac"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Ostracoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os`tra*coder"mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; shell of a testacean + &?; skin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
suborder of fishes of which Ostracion is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"tra*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Ostracoidea.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Ostracoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os`tra*coi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; shell of a testacean + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of Entomostraca possessing hard bivalve shells. They
are of small size, and swim freely about.</def> [Written also
<i>Ostracoda</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Os"tre*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an oyster.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of bivalve Mollusca which includes
the true oysters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`tre*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ostrea</i> an oyster. See <u>Oyster</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to an oyster, or to a shell; shelly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The crustaceous or <i>ostreaceous</i>
body.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Os"tre*a*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
artificial cultivation of oysters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`tre*oph"a*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?; an
oyster + &?; to eat.] <def>One who feeds on oysters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"trich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ostriche</i>,
<i>ostrice</i>, OF. <i>ostruche</i>, <i>ostruce</i>, F.
<i>autruche</i>, L. <i>avis struthio</i>; <i>avis</i> bird +
<i>struthio</i> ostrich, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; bird, sparrow.  Cf.
<u>Aviary</u>, <u>Struthious</u>.] [Formerly written also
<i>estrich</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large bird of the genus
<i>Struthio</i>, of which <i>Struthio camelus</i> of Africa is the
best known species. It has long and very strong legs, adapted for
rapid running; only two toes; a long neck, nearly bare of feathers;
and short wings incapable of flight. The adult male is about eight
feet high.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The South African ostrich (<i>Struthio australis</i>) and
the Asiatic ostrich are considered distinct species by some authors.
Ostriches are now domesticated in South Africa in large numbers for
the sake of their plumes. The body of the male is covered with
elegant black plumose feathers, while the wings and tail furnish the
most valuable white plumes.</p>

<p><col><b>Ostrich farm</b></col>, <cd>a farm on which ostriches are
bred for the sake of their feathers, oil, eggs, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Ostrich farming</b></col>, <cd>the occupation of breeding
ostriches for the sake of their feathers, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Ostrich fern</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>a kind of fern
(<i>Onoclea Struthiopteris</i>), the tall fronds of which grow in a
circle from the rootstock. It is found in alluvial soil in Europe and
North America.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Os*trif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ostrifer</i>; <i>ostrea</i> oyster + <i>ferre</i>.] <def>Producing
oysters; containing oysters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"tro*goth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Ostrogothi</i>, pl. See <u>East</u>, and <u>Goth</u>.] <def>One of
the Eastern Goths. See <u>Goth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`tro*goth"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Ostrogoths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*we"go tea"</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American
aromatic herb (<i>Monarda didyma</i>), with showy, bright red,
labiate flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ot`a*cous"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oto-</i> +
<i>acoustic</i><i>:</i> cf. F. <i>otacoustique</i>.] <def>Assisting
the sense of hearing; as, an <i>otacoustic</i> instrument.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ot`a*cous"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Ot`a*cous"ti*con</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument to facilitate hearing, as an
ear trumpet.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ta*hei"te ap"ple</hw> (?). [So named from <i>Otaheite</i>,
or Tahiti, one of the Society Islands.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The fruit of a Polynesian anacardiaceous
tree (<i>Spondias dulcis</i>), also called <i>vi-apple</i>. It is
rather larger than an apple, and the rind has a flavor of turpentine,
but the flesh is said to taste like pineapples.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A West Indian name for a myrtaceous tree
(<i>Jambosa Malaccensis</i>) which bears crimson berries.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*tal"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>o'y^s</grk>, <grk>'wto`s</grk>, the ear + &?; pain: cf. F.
<i>otalgie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pain in the ear;
earache.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*tal"gic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to otalgia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy
for otalgia.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*tal"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pain in the ear;
otalgia.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Otaries</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?; large-eared, fr. &?;, &?;,
ear: cf. F. <i>otarie</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any eared
seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"the*o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to push
+ <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for exhibiting
the repulsive action produced by light or heat in an exhausted
vessel; a modification of the radoimeter.</def>  <i>W.
Crookes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oth"er</hw> (&ubreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [See <u>Or</u>.] <def>Either; -- used with
<i>other</i> or <i>or</i> for its correlative (as <i>either</i> . . .
<i>or</i> are now used).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Other</i> of chalk, <i>other</i> of
glass.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oth"er</hw>, <pos><i>pron. &amp; a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&omacr;&eth;er</i>; akin to OS. <i>&amacr;&eth;ar</i>,
<i>&omacr;&eth;ar</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>ander</i>, OHG. <i>andar</i>, Icel.
<i>annarr</i>, Sw. <i>annan</i>, Dan. <i>anden</i>, Goth.
<i>an&thorn;ar</i>, Skr. <i>antara</i>: cf. L. <i>alter</i>; all
orig. comparatives: cf. Skr. <i>anya</i> other. &radic;180.  Cf.
<u>Alter</u>.] [Formerly <i>other</i> was used both as singular and
plural.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Different from that which, or the one who,
has been specified; not the same; not identical; additional; second
of two.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each of them made <i>other</i> for to
win.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to
him the <i>other</i> also.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 39.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not this, but the contrary; opposite; as,
the <i>other</i> side of a river.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Alternate; second; -- used esp. in
connection with <i>every</i>; as, every <i>other</i> day, that is,
each alternate day, every second day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Left, as opposed to right.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A distaff in her <i>other</i> hand she
had.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Other</i> is a correlative adjective, or adjective
pronoun, often in contrast with <i>one</i>, <i>some</i>, <i>that</i>,
<i>this</i>, etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>one</i> shall be taken, and the <i>other</i>
left.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxiv. 41.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>some</i> fell among thorns . . . but
<i>other</i> fell into good ground.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiii. 7,
8.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1017 !></p>

<p>   It is also used, by ellipsis, with a noun, expressed or
understood.</p>

<p><blockquote>To write <i>this</i>, or to design the
<i>other</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>   It is written with the indefinite article as one word,
<i>another</i>; is used with <i>each</i>, indicating a reciprocal
action or relation; and is employed absolutely, or eliptically for
<i>other thing</i>, or <i>other person</i>, in which case it may have
a plural.</p>

<p><blockquote>The fool and the brutish person perish, and leave
their wealth to <i>others</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xlix. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If he is trimming, <i>others</i> are
true.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>   <i>Other</i> is sometimes followed by <i>but</i>,
<i>beside</i>, or <i>besides</i>; but oftener by <i>than</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>other but</i> such a one as he.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Other</i> lords <i>beside</i> thee have had
dominion over us.</blockquote> <i>Is. xxvi. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>other</i> foundation can no man lay <i>than</i>
that is laid.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. iii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole seven years of . . . ignominy had been
little <i>other than</i> a preparation for this very
hour.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Other some</b></col>, <cd>some others.</cd> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.] -- <col><b>The other day</b></col>, <cd>at a certain time past,
not distant, but indefinite; not long ago; recently; rarely, the
third day past.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Bind my hair up: as't was yesterday?<BR>
No, nor <i>t' other day</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Oth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Otherwise.</def>
"It shall none <i>other</i> be." <i>Chaucer.</i> "If you think
<i>other</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oth"er*gates`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Other</i> +
<i>gate</i> way. See <u>wards</u>.] <def>In another manner.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He would have tickled you
<i>othergates</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Oth"er*guise`</hw> (?), <hw>Oth"er*guess`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [A corruption of <i>othergates</i>.]
<def>Of another kind or sort; in another way.</def>
"<i>Otherguess</i> arguments."  <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oth"er*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being other or different; alterity; oppositeness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oth"er*ways`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Otherwise</u>.</def>  <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oth"er*where`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In or to
some other place, or places; elsewhere.</def>  <i>Milton.
Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Oth"er*while`</hw> (?), <hw>Oth"er*whiles`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At another time, or other times;
sometimes; &?;ccasionally.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Weighing <i>otherwhiles</i> ten pounds and
more.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oth"er*wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Other</i> +
<i>wise</i> manner.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a different manner; in another way, or
in other ways; differently; contrarily.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy father was a worthy prince,<BR>
And merited, alas! a better fate;<BR>
But Heaven thought <i>otherwise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In other respects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is said, truly, that the best men <i>otherwise</i>
are not always the best in regard of society.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In different circumstances; under other
conditions; as, I am engaged, <i>otherwise</i> I would
accept.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Otherwise</i>, like <i>so</i> and <i>thus</i>, may be
used as a substitute for the opposite of a previous adjective, noun,
etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>Let no man think me a fool; if <i>otherwise</i>, yet
as a fool receive me.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. xi. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her eyebrows . . . rather full than
<i>otherwise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oth"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ottoman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr.
<grk>o'y^s</grk>, <grk>'wto`s</grk>, the ear: cf. F. <i>otique</i>.]
<def>Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the ear; auricular;
auditory.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ti*ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>otiosus</i>,
fr. <i>otium</i> ease.] <def>Being at leisure or ease; unemployed;
indolent; idle.</def> "<i>Otiose</i> assent."  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The true keeping of the Sabbath was not that
<i>otiose</i> and un&?;rofitable cessation from even good deeds which
they would enforce.</blockquote> <i>Alford.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ti*os"ity</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>otiositas</i>.] <def>Leisure; indolence; idleness; ease.</def>
[R.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||O"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of bustard,
Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of birds including the
bustards.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>o'y^s</grk>, <grk>'wto`s</grk>, the ear + <i>-itis</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"to-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>o'y^s</grk>, <grk>'wto`s</grk>, the
ear.] <def>A combining form denoting <i>relation to</i>, or
<i>situation near</i> or <i>in</i>, <i>the ear</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*to"ba fat`</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless buttery
substance obtained from the fruit of <i>Myristica otoba</i>, a
species of nutmeg tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*toc"o*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oto-</i> + Gr.
&?; dust.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mass of
otoliths.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An otolith.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"to*crane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oto-</i> + Gr.
&?; skull.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The cavity in the skull in which the
parts of the internal ear are lodged.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`to*cra"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the otocrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"to*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oto-</i> +
<i>cyst</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l. &amp; Anat.)</i> <def>An auditory cyst or
vesicle; one of the simple auditory organs of many invertebrates,
containing a fluid and otoliths; also, the embryonic vesicle from
which the parts of the internal ear of vertebrates are
developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oto-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of the ear.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O"to*lith</hw> (?), <hw>O"to*lite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oto-</i> + <i>-lith</i>, <i>-lite</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the small bones or particles of calcareous
or other hard substance in the internal ear of vertebrates, and in
the auditory organs of many invertebrates; an ear stone.
Collectively, the otoliths are called <i>ear sand</i> and
<i>otoconite</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O`to*lith"ic</hw> (?), <hw>O`to*lit"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
otoliths.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining tootology.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled
in otology; an aurist.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oto-</i> + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>The branch of science which treats of the ear and its
diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*top"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oto-</i> + Gr.
&?; to suffer.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A diseased condition of the
ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`tor*rh&oelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>o'y^s</grk>, <grk>'wto`s</grk>, the ear + &?; to flow.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A flow or running from the ear, esp. a purulent
discharge.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"to*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oto-</i> + <i>-
scope</i>.] <def>An instrument for examining the condition of the
ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`to*scope"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the otoscope or to otoscopy.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*tos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The examination of the ear; the art of using the
otoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*tos"te*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oto-</i> + Gr.
&?; a bone.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An auditory ossicle.</def>  <i>R.
Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>||O`to*zo"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
a fabled giant + <grk>zo^,on</grk> an animal.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>An extinct genus of huge vertebrates, probably dinosaurs, known
only from four-toed tracks in Triassic sandstones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ot"tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Attar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ot"ta*was</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Ottawa</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians who, when first known, lived on the Ottawa River. Most of
them subsequently migrated to the southwestern shore of Lake
Superior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ot"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>oter</i>, AS.
<i>otor</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>otter</i>, Icel. <i>otr</i>, Dan.
<i>odder</i>, Sw. <i>utter</i>, Lith. <i>udra</i>, Russ,
<i>vuidra</i>, Gr. <grk>"y`dra</grk> water serpent, hydra, Skr.
<i>udra</i> otter, and also to E. <i>water</i>. &radic;137, 215. See
<u>Water</u>, and cf. <u>Hydra</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any carnivorous animal
of the genus <i>Lutra</i>, and related genera. Several species are
described. They have large, flattish heads, short ears, and webbed
toes. They are aquatic, and feed on fish. Their fur is soft and
valuable. The common otter of Europe is <i>Lutra vulgaris</i>; the
American otter is <i>L. Canadensis</i>; other species inhabit South
America and Asia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva of the ghost
moth. It is very injurious to hop vines.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Otter hound</b></col>, <col><b>Otter dog</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small breed of hounds, used in England for
hunting otters.</cd> -- <col><b>Otter sheep</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Ancon sheep</i>, under <u>Ancon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Otter
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>very large bivalve mollusk
(<i>Schizoth&aelig;rus Nuttallii</i>) found on the northwest coast of
America. It is excellent food, and is extensively used by the
Indians.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea otter</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ot"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A corruption of
<u>Annotto</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ot"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Attar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ot"to*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>ottoman</i>:
cf. It. <i>ottomano</i>, <i>ottomanno</i>; -- from <i>Othoman</i>,
<i>Othman</i>, or <i>Osman</i>, the name of a sultan who assumed the
government of Turkey about the year 1300.  Cf. <u>Osmanli</u>,
<u>Ottoman</u> a stuffed seat.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Turks;
as, the <i>Ottoman</i> power or empire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ot"to*man</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ottomans</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
Turk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>ottomane</i>, from <i>ottoman</i>
Turkish.] <def>A stuffed seat without a back, originally used in
Turkey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ot"to*mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
Ottoman.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ot"trel*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Ottrez</i>, on the borders of Luxembourg.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
micaceous mineral occurring in small scales. It is characteristic of
certain crystalline schists.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Oua*ka"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any South American monkey of the
genus <i>Brachyurus</i>, especially <i>B. ouakari</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ouan`der*oo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wanderoo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oua`rine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Brazilian monkey of the genus
Mycetes.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||Ou`bli`ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>oublier</i> to forget, fr. (assumed) LL. <i>oblitare</i>, L.
<i>oblivisci</i>, p. p. <i>oblitus</i>.] <def>A dungeon with an
opening only at the top, found in some old castles and other
strongholds, into which persons condemned to perpetual imprisonment,
or to perish secretly, were thrust, or lured to fall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sudden in the sun<BR>
An <i>oubliette</i> winks. Where is he? Gone.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ouch</hw> (ouch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ouch</i>,
<i>nouche</i> (<i>a nouch</i> being taken for <i>an ouch</i>: cf.
<u>Adder</u>), fr. OF. <i>nusche</i>, <i>nosche</i>, <i>nousche</i>,
buckle, clasp, LL. <i>nusca</i>, fr. OHG. <i>nusca</i>,
<i>nuscha</i>.] <def>A socket or bezel holding a precious stone;
hence, a jewel or ornament worn on the person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A precious stone in a rich <i>ouche</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your brooches, pearls, and <i>ouches</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ough"ne</hw> (&omacr;"n<i>e</i>), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Own.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ought</hw> (&add;t), <pos><i>n. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Aught</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ought</hw>, <pos><i>imp., p. p., or auxiliary</i></pos>.
[Orig. the preterit of the verb <i>to owe</i>. OE. <i>oughte</i>,
<i>aughte</i>, <i>ahte</i>, AS. <i>&amacr;hte</i>. &radic;110. See
<u>Owe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Was or were under obligation to
pay; owed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This due obedience which they <i>ought</i> to the
king.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The love and duty I long have <i>ought</i>
you.</blockquote> <i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] said . . . you <i>ought</i> him a thousand
pound.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Owned; possessed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The knight the which that castle
<i>ought</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be bound in duty or by moral
obligation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We then that are strong <i>ought</i> to bear the
infirmities of the weak.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xv. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be necessary, fit, becoming, or
expedient; to behoove; -- in this sense formerly sometimes used
impersonally or without a subject expressed.</def> "Well <i>ought</i>
us work."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To speak of this as it <i>ought</i>, would ask a
volume.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ought</i> not Christ to have suffered these
things?</blockquote> <i>Luke xxiv. 26.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ought</i> is now chiefly employed as an auxiliary verb,
expressing fitness, expediency, propriety, moral obligation, or the
like, in the action or state indicated by the principal verb.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Ought</u>, <u>Should</u>.  Both words imply
obligation, but <i>ought</i> is the stronger. <i>Should</i> may imply
merely an obligation of propriety, expendiency, etc.; <i>ought</i>
denotes an obligation of duty.</p>

<p><hw>Ought"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being as a thing ought to be; rightness.</def> [R.]  <i>N. W.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ough"where`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&amacr;hw&aelig;r</i>.] <def>Anywhere; somewhere. See
<u>Owher</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ouis"ti*ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Wistit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An awl.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oul</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An owl.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ou"la*chan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Eulachon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ounce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>once</i>, fr. L.
<i>uncia</i> a twelfth, the twelfth part of a pound or of a foot: cf.
Gr. &?; bulk, mass, atom.  Cf. 2d <u>Inch</u>, <u>Oke</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A weight, the sixteenth part of a pound
avoirdupois, and containing 437&?; grains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Troy Weight)</i> <def>The twelfth part of a
troy pound.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The troy ounce contains twenty pennyweights, each of
twenty-four grains, or, in all, 480 grains, and is the twelfth part
of the troy pound. The troy ounce is also a weight in apothecaries'
weight. [<i>Troy ounce</i> is sometimes written as one word,
<i>troyounce</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A small portion; a bit.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>ounces</i> hung his locks that he
had.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fluid ounce</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fluid</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Ounce</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>once</i>; cf. It.
<i>lonza</i>, Sp. <i>onza</i>; prob. for <i>lonce</i>, taken as
<i>l'once</i>, fr. L. <i>lynx</i>, Gr. &?;, or an (assumed) fem. adj.
<i>lyncea</i>, from <i>lynx</i>.  Cf. <u>Lynx</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A feline quadruped (<i>Felis irbis, or
uncia</i>) resembling the leopard in size, and somewhat in color, but
it has longer and thicker fur, which forms a short mane on the back.
The <i>ounce</i> is pale yellowish gray, with irregular dark spots on
the neck and limbs, and dark rings on the body. It inhabits the lofty
mountain ranges of Asia. Called also <i>once</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ound"ed</hw> (?), <hw>Oun"dy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>ond&eacute;</i>, <i>-&eacute;e</i>, fr.
<i>onde</i>, L. <i>unda</i>, a wave.] <def>Wavy; waving&?;
curly.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Owndie</i> hair."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ound"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>vb. n.</i></pos> <def>Waving.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ounding</i>, paling, winding, or bending . . . of
cloth.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ouphe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Auf</u>.] <def>A
fairy; a goblin; an elf.</def> [Obs.] "Like urchins, <i>ouphes</i>,
and fairies."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ouph"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Elfish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Our</hw> (?), <pos><i>possessive pron.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&?;re</i> our, of us; akin to <i>&?;s</i> us, to us, and to G.
<i>unser</i> our, of us, Goth. <i>unsara</i>. &radic;186 See
<u>Us</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to us; belonging to us; as,
<i>our</i> country; <i>our</i> rights; <i>our</i> troops; <i>our</i>
endeavors. See <u>I</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord is <i>our</i> defense.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
lxxxix. 18.</i></p>

<p>&fist; When the noun is not expressed, <i>ours</i> is used in the
same way as <i>hers</i> for <i>her</i>, <i>yours</i> for <i>your</i>,
etc.; as, whose house is that? It is <i>ours</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Our wills are <i>ours</i>, we known not
how.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>-our</hw> (?). [OF. <i>-our</i>.] <def>See <u>-
or</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ou*rang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The orang-outang.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ou*rang"-ou*tang`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Orang-outang</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ou`ra*nog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Uranographist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ou`ra*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Uranography</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ou"re*bi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small, graceful, and swift African antelope, allied to the
klipspringer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ou*ret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from &?;
urine.  Cf. <u>Uretic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Uric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ou*rol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Urology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ou*ros"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; urine +
<i>-scopy</i>.] <def>Ourology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ours</hw> (?), <pos><i>possessive pron.</i></pos> <def>See
Note under <u>Our</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Our*selves"</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>;
<i>sing</i>. <u>Ourself</u> (&?;). An emphasized form of the pronoun
of the first person plural; -- used as a subject, usually with
<i>we</i>; also, alone in the predicate, in the nominative or the
objective case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>ourselves</i> might distinctly number in words a
great deal further then we usually do.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Safe in <i>ourselves</i>, while on <i>ourselves</i> we
stand.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The form <i>ourself</i> is usec only in the regal or formal
style after <i>we</i> or <i>us</i>, denoting a single person.</p>

<p><blockquote>Unless we would denude <i>ourself</i> of all
force.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>-ous</hw> (?). [OF. <i>-ous</i>, <i>us</i>, <i>-os</i>, F.
<i>-eux</i>, fr. L. <i>-osus</i>, and <i>-us</i>.  Cf. <u>-ose</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An adjective suffix meaning <i>full of</i>,
<i>abounding in</i>, <i>having</i>, <i>possessing the qualities
of</i>, <i>like</i>; as in graci<i>ous</i>, abounding in grace;
ardu<i>ous</i>, full of ardor; bulb<i>ous</i>, having bulbs,
bulblike; riot<i>ous</i>, poison<i>ous</i>, pite<i>ous</i>,
joy<i>ous</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A suffix denoting that the
element indicated by the name bearing it, has a valence <i>lower</i>
than that denoted by the termination <i>-ic</i>; as, nitr<i>ous</i>,
sulphur<i>ous</i>, etc., as contrasted with nitr<i>ic</i>,
sulphur<i>ic</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1018 !></p>

<p><hw>Ouse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ooze</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ou"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>osel</i>, AS.
<i>&?;sle</i>; akin to G. <i>amsel</i>, OHG. <i>amsala</i>, and perh.
to L. <i>merula</i> blackbird.  Cf. <u>Merle</u>, <u>Amsel</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of several species of European thrushes,
especially the blackbird (<i>Merula merula</i>, or <i>Turdus
merula</i>), and the mountain or ring ousel (<i>Turdus
torquatus</i>).</def> [Written also <i>ouzel</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Rock ousel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the ring
ousel.</cd> -- <col><b>Water ousel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the European dipper (<i>Cinclus aquaticus</i>), and the American
dipper (<i>C. Mexicanus</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oust</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Oast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oust</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ousted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ousting</u>.] [OF. <i>oster</i>, F. <i>&ocirc;ter</i>, prob. fr.
L. <i>obstare</i> to oppose, hence, to forbid, take away. See
<u>Obstacle</u>, and cf. <u>Ouster</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take away; to remove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Multiplication of actions upon the case were rare,
formerly, and thereby wager of law <i>ousted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir
M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To eject; to turn out.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From mine own earldom foully <i>ousted</i>
me.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oust"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. the OF.
infin. <i>oster</i>, used substantively. See <u>Oust</u>.] <def>A
putting out of possession; dispossession; ejection;
disseizin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ouster</i> of the freehold is effected by
abatement, intrusion, disseizin, discontinuance, or
deforcement.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ouster le main</b></col>. [<i>Ouster</i> + F. <i>la
main</i> the hand, L. <i>manus</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <cd>A delivery of
lands out of the hands of a guardian, or out of the king's hands, or
a judgement given for that purpose.</cd>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>out</i>,
<i>ut</i>, <i>oute</i>, <i>ute</i>, AS. <i>&umacr;t</i>, and
<i>&umacr;te</i>, <i>&umacr;tan</i>, fr. <i>&umacr;t</i>; akin to D.
<i>uit</i>, OS. <i>&umacr;t</i>, G. <i>aus</i>, OHG. <i>&umacr;z</i>,
Icel. <i>&umacr;t</i>, Sw. <i>ut</i>, Dan. <i>ud</i>, Goth.
<i>ut</i>, Skr. <i>ud</i>. &radic;198.  Cf. <u>About</u>, <u>But</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos>, <u>Carouse</u>, <u>Utter</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>In its original and strict sense,
<i>out</i> means from the interior of something; beyond the limits or
boundary of somethings; in a position or relation which is exterior
to something; -- opposed to <i>in</i> or <i>into</i>. The something
may be expressed after <i>of</i>, <i>from</i>, etc. (see <i>Out
of</i>, below); or, if not expressed, it is implied; as, he is
<i>out</i>; or, he is <i>out of</i> the house, office, business,
etc.; he came <i>out</i>; or, he came <i>out from</i> the ship,
meeting, sect, party, etc.</def> <i>Out</i> is used in a variety of
applications, as: --</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Away; abroad; off; from home, or from a
certain, or a usual, place; not in; not in a particular, or a usual,
place; as, the proprietor is <i>out</i>, his team was taken
<i>out</i>.</def> "My shoulder blade is <i>out</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath been <i>out</i> (of the country) nine
years.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Beyond the limits of concealment,
confinement, privacy, constraint, etc., actual of figurative; hence,
not in concealment, constraint, etc., in, or into, a state of
freedom, openness, disclosure, publicity, etc.; as, the sun shines
<i>out</i>; he laughed <i>out</i>, to be <i>out</i> at the elbows;
the secret has leaked <i>out</i>, or is <i>out</i>; the disease broke
<i>out</i> on his face; the book is <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leaves are <i>out</i> and perfect in a
month.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She has not been <i>out</i> [in general society] very
long.</blockquote> <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Beyond the limit of existence,
continuance, or supply; to the end; completely; hence, in, or into, a
condition of extinction, exhaustion, completion; as, the fuel, or the
fire, has burned <i>out</i>.</def> "Hear me <i>out</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Deceitiful men shall not live <i>out</i> half their
days.</blockquote> <i>Ps. iv. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the butt is <i>out</i>, we will drink
water.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Beyond possession, control, or occupation;
hence, in, or into, a state of want, loss, or deprivation; -- used of
office, business, property, knowledge, etc.; as, the Democrats went
<i>out</i> and the Whigs came in; he put his money <i>out</i> at
interest.</def> "Land that is <i>out</i> at rack rent." <i>Locke.</i>
"He was <i>out</i> fifty pounds." <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have forgot my part, and I am
<i>out</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Beyond the bounds of what is true,
reasonable, correct, proper, common, etc.; in error or mistake; in a
wrong or incorrect position or opinion; in a state of disagreement,
opposition, etc.; in an inharmonious relation.</def> "Lancelot and I
are <i>out</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wicked men are strangely <i>out</i> in the calculating
of their own interest.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Very seldom <i>out</i>, in these his
guesses.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not in the position to score in playing a
game; not in the state or turn of the play for counting or gaining
scores.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Out</i> is largely used in composition as a prefix, with
the same significations that it has as a separate word; as
<i>out</i>bound, <i>out</i>break, <i>out</i>building, <i>out</i>come,
<i>out</i>do, <i>out</i>door, <i>out</i>field. See also the first
Note under <u>Over</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Day in, day out</b></col>, <cd>from the beginning to the
limit of each of several days; day by day; every day.</cd> --
<col><b>Out and out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <cd>Completely; wholly; openly.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <pos><i>adj.</i></pos> <cd>Without any
reservation or disguise; absolute; as, an <i>out and out</i>
villain</cd>. [As an <i>adj</i>. written also <i>out-and-out</i>.] --
<col><b>Out at</b></col>, <col><b>Out in</b></col>, <col><b>Out
on</b></col>, etc., <cd>elliptical phrases, that to which <i>out</i>
refers as a source, origin, etc., being omitted; as, <i>out</i> (of
the house and) <i>at</i> the barn; <i>out</i> (of the house, road,
fields, etc., and) <i>in</i> the woods.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Three fishers went sailing <i>out into</i> the
west,<BR>
<i>Out into</i> the west, as the sun went down.</blockquote> <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p>In these lines after <i>out</i> may be understood, "of the
harbor," "from the shore," "of sight," or some similar phrase. The
complete construction is seen in the saying: "<i>Out</i> of the
frying pan <i>into</i> the fire." -- <col><b>Out from</b></col>,
<cd>a construction similar to <i>out of</i> (below). See <u>Of</u>
and <u>From</u>.</cd></p>

<p>    <col><b>Out of</b></col>, <cd>a phrase which may be considered
either as composed of an adverb and a preposition, each having its
appropriate office in the sentence, or as a compound preposition.
Considered as a preposition, it denotes, with verbs of movement or
action, <i>from the interior of</i>; <i>beyond the limit</i>:
<i>from</i>; hence, <i>origin</i>, <i>source</i>, <i>motive</i>,
<i>departure</i>, <i>separation</i>, <i>loss</i>, etc.; -- opposed to
<i>in</i> or <i>into</i>; also with verbs of being, the state of
being derived, removed, or separated from. Examples may be found in
the phrases below, and also under Vocabulary words; as, <i>out of</i>
breath; <i>out of</i> countenance.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Out of cess</b></col>, <cd>beyond measure,
excessively.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Out of character</b></col>,
<cd>unbecoming; improper.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of conceit
with</b></col>, <cd>not pleased with. See under <u>Conceit</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Out of date</b></col>, <cd>not timely; unfashionable;
antiquated.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of door</b></col>, <col><b>Out of
doors</b></col>, <cd>beyond the doors; from the house; in, or into,
the open air; hence, figuratively, shut out; dismissed. See under
<u>Door</u>, also, <u>Out-of-door</u>, <u>Outdoor</u>,
<u>Outdoors</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> "He 's quality, and the
question's <i>out of door</i>," <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>Out of
favor</b></col>, <cd>disliked; under displeasure.</cd> -- <col><b>Out
of frame</b></col>, <cd>not in correct order or condition; irregular;
disarranged.</cd> <i>Latimer.</i> -- <col><b>Out of hand</b></col>,
<cd>immediately; without delay or preparation.</cd> "Ananias . . .
fell down and died <i>out of hand</i>." <i>Latimer.</i> --
<col><b>Out of harm's way</b></col>, <cd>beyond the danger limit; in
a safe place.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of joint</b></col>, <cd>not in
proper connection or adjustment; unhinged; disordered.</cd> "The time
is <i>out of joint</i>." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Out of
mind</b></col>, <cd>not in mind; forgotten; also, beyond the limit of
memory; as, time <i>out of mind</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of one's
head</b></col>, <cd>beyond commanding one's mental powers; in a
wandering state mentally; delirious.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Out of
one's time</b></col>, <cd>beyond one's period of minority or
apprenticeship.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of order</b></col>, <cd>not in
proper order; disarranged; in confusion.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of
place</b></col>, <cd>not in the usual or proper place; hence, not
proper or becoming.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of pocket</b></col>, <cd>in a
condition of having expended or lost more money than one has
received.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of print</b></col>, <cd>not in market,
the edition printed being exhausted; -- said of books, pamphlets,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of the question</b></col>, <cd>beyond the
limits or range of consideration; impossible to be favorably
considered.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of reach</b></col>, <cd>beyond one's
reach; inaccessible.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of season</b></col>, <cd>not
in a proper season or time; untimely; inopportune.</cd> --
<col><b>Out of sorts</b></col>, <cd>wanting certain things;
unsatisfied; unwell; unhappy; cross. See under <u>Sort</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Out of temper</b></col>, <cd>not
in good temper; irritated; angry.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of
time</b></col>, <cd>not in proper time; too soon, or too late.</cd> -
- <col><b>Out of time</b></col>, <cd>not in harmony; discordant;
hence, not in an agreeing temper; fretful.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of
twist</b></col>, <col><b>winding</b></col>, or
<col><b>wind</b></col>, <cd>not in warped condition; perfectly plain
and smooth; -- said of surfaces.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of
use</b></col>, <cd>not in use; unfashionable; obsolete.</cd> --
<col><b>Out of the way</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>On one
side; hard to reach or find; secluded</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Improper; unusual; wrong.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of the
woods</b></col>, <cd>not in a place, or state, of obscurity or doubt;
free from difficulty or perils; safe.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Out
to out</b></col>, <cd>from one extreme limit to another, including
the whole length, breadth, or thickness; -- applied to
measurements.</cd> -- <col><b>Out West</b></col>, in or towards, the
West; specifically, in some Western State or Territory. [U. S.] --
<col><b>To come out</b></col>, <col><b>To cut out</b></col>,
<col><b>To fall out</b></col>, etc.  <cd>See under <u>Come</u>,
<u>Cut</u>, <u>Fall</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To put out of the
way</b></col>, <cd>to kill; to destroy.</cd> -- <col><b>Week in, week
out</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Day in, day out</i> (above).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Out</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, is out; especially, one who is out of office; --
generally in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place or space outside of something; a
nook or corner; an angle projecting outward; an open space; --
chiefly used in the phrase <i>ins and outs</i>; as, the <i>ins and
outs</i> of a question. See under <u>In</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A word or words omitted by
the compositor in setting up copy; an omission.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To make an out</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>to omit
something, in setting or correcting type, which was in the
copy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Out</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to be out; to eject; to expel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A king <i>outed</i> from his country.</blockquote>
<i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The French have been <i>outed</i> of their
holds.</blockquote> <i>Heylin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come out with; to make known.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give out; to dispose of; to sell.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come or go out; to
get out or away; to become public.</def> "Truth will <i>out</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Expressing
impatience, anger, a desire to be rid of; -- with the force of
command; go out; begone; away; off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Out</i>, idle words, servants to shallow fools
!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Out upon</b></col> or <col><b>on!</b></col> <cd>equivalent
to "shame upon!" "away with!" as, <i>out upon</i> you!</cd></p>

<p><hw>Out*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To do or
beyond; to exceed in acting.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He has made me heir to treasures<BR>
Would make me <i>outact</i> a real window's whining.</blockquote>
<i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ou"ta*gam`ies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Outagamie</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>See lst
<u>Fox</u>, 7.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*ar"gue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
or conquer in argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*bab"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter
foolishly or excessively; to surpass in babbling.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*bal"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
outweight; to exceed in weight or effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let dull Ajax bear away my right<BR>
When all his days <i>outbalance</i> this one night.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*bar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bar
out.</def> [R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*beg"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass in
begging.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*bid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Outbid</u> or <u>Outbade</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Outbid</u> or <u>Outbidden</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Outbidding</u>.] <def>To exceed
or surpass in bidding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prevent the greedy, and <i>outbid</i> the
bold.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*bid"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
outbids.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*bleat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in bleating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"blown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inflated with
wind.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*blush"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
blushing; to surpass in rosy color.</def>  <i>T. Shipman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Beyond or outside of the lines of a vessel's
bulwarks or hull; in a direction from the hull or from the keel; --
opposed to <i>inboard</i>; as, <i>outboard</i> rigging; swing the
davits <i>outboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foreign; not
native.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Out"bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Outward
bound.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"bounds`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The
farthest or exterior bounds; extreme limits; boundaries.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*bow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To excel in
bowing.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"bowed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Convex; curved
outward.</def> "The convex or <i>outbowed</i> side of a vessel."
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*brag"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass in
bragging; hence, to make appear inferior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose bare <i>outbragg'd</i> the web it seemed to
wear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*brave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To excel in bravery o&?; in insolence; to
defy with superior courage or audacity</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excel in magnificence or
comeliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The basest weed <i>outbraves</i> his
dignity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*bray"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To exceed in braying.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To emit with great noise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*bra"zen</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bear
down with a brazen face; to surpass in impudence.</def>  <i>T.
Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"break`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bursting
forth; eruption; insurrection.</def> "Mobs and <i>outbreaks</i>."
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The flash and <i>outbreak</i> of a fiery
mind.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"break`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of breaking out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which bursts forth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*breast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in singing. See <u>Breast</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*breathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To breathe forth.</def> "<i>Outbreathed</i>
life."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be out of breath; to
exhaust.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*breathe"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To issue, as
breath; to be breathed out; to exhale.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*bribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in bribing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*bring"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bring or
bear out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*bud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
sprout.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*build"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Outbuilt</u> (?) or <u>Outbuilded</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Outbuilding</u>.] <def>To exceed in
building, or in durability of building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"build`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A building
separate from, and subordinate to, the main house; an
outhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*burn"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exceed in burning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To burn entirely; to be consumed.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"burst`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bursting
forth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*cant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass in
canting.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"cast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw.
<i>utkasta</i> to cast out.] <def>Cast out; degraded.</def>
"<i>Outcast</i>, rejected."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"cast`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is cast out or expelled; an exile; one driven from home,
society, or country; hence, often, a degraded person; a
vagabond.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord . . . gathereth together the <i>outcasts</i>
of Israel.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxlvii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quarrel; a contention.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"cast`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
cast out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*cept"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Except.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*cheat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
cheating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*climb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To climb
bevond; to surpass in climbing.</def>  <i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"come</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which comes
out of, or follows from, something else; issue; result; consequence;
upshot.</def> "The logical <i>outcome</i>."  <i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All true literature, all genuine poetry, is the direct
<i>outcome</i>, the condensed essence, of actual life and
thougth.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*com"pass</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed
the compass or limits of.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"court`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An outer or
exterior court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The skirts and <i>outcourts</i> of
heaven.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*craft"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed
in cunning.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"cri`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who cries
out or proclaims; a herald or crier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"crop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The coming out of a stratum to the surface
of the ground.</def> <i>Lyell.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That part
of inclined strata which appears at the surface; basset.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*crop"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>To come out to the surface of the ground; -- said of
strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"cry`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A vehement or loud cry; a cry of distress, alarm, opposition, or
detestation; clamor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sale at public auction.</def>
<i>Massinger. Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*dare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass in
daring; to overcome by courage; to brave.</def>  <i>Shak. R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*dat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being out of
date; antiquated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*daz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in dazzing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*do"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Outdid</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Outdone</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Outdoing</u>.] <def>To go beyond in performance; to excel; to
surpass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An imposture <i>outdoes</i> the original.</blockquote>
<i>L' Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I grieve to be <i>outdone</i> by Gay.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"door`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>out of
door</i>.] <def>Being, or done, in the open air; being or done
outside of certain buildings, as poorhouses, hospitals, etc.; as,
<i>outdoor</i> exercise; <i>outdoor</i> relief; <i>outdoor</i>
patients.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"doors`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Abread; out
of the house; out of doors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*draw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To draw out;
to extract.</def> [R.] "He must the teeth <i>outdraw</i>."
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*dream"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pass, or
escape, while dreaming.</def> "To <i>oultdream</i> dangers."
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*drink"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
drinking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*dure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
outlast.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*dwell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dwell or
stay beyond.</def> [Poetic] "He <i>outdwells</i> his hour."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"dwell`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds
land in a parish, but lives elsewhere.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Out"er</hw> (out"&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> of <u>Out</u>.] [AS. <i>&umacr;tor</i>,
compar. of <i>&umacr;t</i>, adv., out. See <u>Out</u>, <u>Utter</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Being on the outside; external; farthest
or farther from the interior, from a given station, or from any space
or position regarded as a center or starting place; -- opposed to
<i>inner</i>; as, the <i>outer</i> wall; the <i>outer</i> court or
gate; the <i>outer</i> stump in cricket; the <i>outer</i>
world.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Outer bar</b></col>, <cd>in England, the body of junior
(or utter) barristers; -- so called because in court they occupy a
place beyond the space reserved for Queen's counsel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Out"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
part of a target which is beyond the circles surrounding the bull's-
eye.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A shot which strikes the outer of
a target.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Out</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>One who puts out, ousts, or expels; also,
an ouster; dispossession.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Out"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Utterly; entirely.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Toward the outside.</def> [R.]
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"er*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Uttermost</u>, <u>Utmost</u>, and cf. <u>Outmost</u>.] <def>Being
on the extreme external part; farthest outward; as, the
<i>outermost</i> row.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1019 !></p>

<p><hw>Out*face"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Outfaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Outfacing</u> (?).] <def>To face or look (one) out of countenance;
to resist or bear down by bold looks or effrontery; to brave.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Having <i>outfaced</i> all the world.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"fall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The mouth of a river; the lower end of a water course; the open
end of a drain, culvert, etc., where the discharge occurs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quarrel; a falling out.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*fang"thef</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&?;t-
fangen-&?;e&oacute;f</i>. See <u>Out</u>, <u>Fang</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and <u>Thief</u>.] <i>(Anglo-Saxon &amp; O. Eng. Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A thief from without or abroad, taken within
a lord's fee or liberty.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The privilege
of trying such a thief.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*fawn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
fawning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*feast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
feasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*feat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass in
feats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"field`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Arable land which has been or is being exhausted. See
<u>Infield</u>, 1.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A field beyond, or separated from, the
inclosed land about the homestead; an uninclosed or unexplored tract.
Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>outfield</i> of thought or
fact.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>The part of the field
beyond the diamond, or infield. It is occupied by the
fielders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>The part of the field
farthest from the batsman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"fit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fitting out, or
equipment, as of a ship for a voyage, or of a person for an
expedition in an unoccupied region or residence in a foreign land;
things required for equipment; the expense of, or allowance made for,
equipment, as by the government of the United States to a diplomatic
agent going abroad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"fit`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
furnishes outfits for a voyage, a journey, or a business.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*flank"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>To go beyond, or be superior to, on the flank; to pass around or
turn the flank or flanks of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*flat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed
in flattering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"fling`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gibe; a
contemptuous remark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"flow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flowing out;
efflux.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*flow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flow
out.</def>  <i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*fly"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Outflew</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Outflown</u> (?); p. pr. &amp; vb. n. <u>Outflying</u>.] <def>To
surpass in flying; to fly beyond or faster than.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Winged with fear <i>outflies</i> the
wind.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*fool"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
folly.</def> [R.]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"form</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>External
appearance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*frown"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To frown
down; to overbear by frowning.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"gate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An outlet.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*gaze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gaze
beyond; to exceed in sharpness or persistence of seeing or of
looking; hence, to stare out of countenance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*gen"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Outgeneraled</u> (?) or <u>Outgeneralled</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Outgeneraling</u> or
<u>Outgeneralling</u>.] <def>To exceed in generalship; to gain
advantage over by superior military skill or executive ability; to
outmaneuver.</def>  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*give"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass in
giving.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*go"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Outwent</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Outgone</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Outgoing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go beyond; to exceed in swiftness; to
surpass; to outdo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To circumvent; to overreach.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"go`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Outgoes</b></plw> (&?;). <def>That which goes out, or is paid
out; outlay; expenditure; -- the opposite of <i>income</i>.</def>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"go`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who goes out
or departs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"go`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or the state of going out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>outgoings</i> of the morning and
evening.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxv. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which goes out; outgo;
outlay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The extreme limit; the place of
ending.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>outgoings</i> of the border were at the north
bay of the salt sea, at the south end of Jordan.</blockquote>
<i>Josh. xviii. 19.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"go`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going out;
departing; as, the <i>outgoing</i> administration; an <i>outgoing</i>
steamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"ground`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ground
situated at a distance from the house; outlying land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*grow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Outgrew</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Outgrown</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Outgrowing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To surpass in growing; to grow more
than.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grow out of or away from; to grow too
large, or too aged, for; as, to <i>outgrow</i> clothing; to
<i>outgrow</i> usefulness; to <i>outgrow</i> an infirmity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"growth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
grows out of, or proceeds from, anything; an excrescence; an
offshoot; hence, a result or consequence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"guard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
guard or small body of troops at a distance from the main body of an
army, to watch for the approach of an enemy; hence, anything for
defense placed at a distance from the thing to be defended.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"gush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pouring out;
an outburst.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A passionate <i>outgush</i> of emotion.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*gush"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gush out;
to flow forth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"haul`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
rope used for hauling out a sail upon a spar; -- opposite of
<i>inhaul</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*hees"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>uthesium</i>, <i>hutesium</i>, <i>huesium</i>, OF. <i>hueis</i>,
and E. <i>hue</i>, in <i>hue and cry</i>.] <def>Outcry; alarm.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Outh"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Other.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out-Her"od</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
(Herod) in violence or wickedness; to exceed in any vicious or
offensive particular.</def> "It <i>out-Herods</i> Herod."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Out-Heroding</i> the preposterous fashions of the
times.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*hire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hire
out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small house
or building at a little distance from the main house; an
outbuilding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of going out; an airing; an excursion; as, a summer
<i>outing</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A feast given by an apprentice when he is
out of his time.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*jest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass in
jesting; to drive out, or away, by jesting.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"jet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which jets
out or projects from anything.</def> [R.]  <i>H. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*jug"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in juggling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"keep`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surv.)</i>
<def>An attachment to a surveyor's compass for keeping tally in
chaining.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*knave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in knavery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*la"bor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in laboring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Out</i> +
<i>land.</i> See <u>Outlandish</u>.] <def>Foreign; outlandish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Strutt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
foreigner.</def>  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*land"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&?;tlendisc</i> foreign. See <u>Out</u>, <u>Land</u>, and <u>-
ish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foreign; not native.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Him did <i>outlandish</i> women cause to
sin.</blockquote> <i>Neh. xiii. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Its barley water and its <i>outlandish</i>
wines.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Not according with usage; strange;
rude; barbarous; uncouth; clownish; as, an <i>outlandish</i> dress,
behavior, or speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Something <i>outlandish</i>, unearthy, or at variance
with ordinary fashion.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p>--<wf>Out*land"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Out*land"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Out*last"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
duration; to survive; to endure longer than.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*laugh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To surpass or outdo in laughing.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To laugh (one) out of a purpose,
principle, etc.; to discourage or discomfit by laughing; to laugh
down.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His apprehensions of being <i>outlaughed</i> will
force him to continue in a restless obscurity.</blockquote>
<i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"law`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&?;tlaga</i>,
<i>&?;tlah</i>. See <u>Out</u>, and <u>Law</u>.] <def>A person
excluded from the benefit of the law, or deprived of its
protection.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"law`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Outlawed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Outlawing</u>.] [AS. <i>&?;tlagian</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the benefit and protection
of law; to declare to be an outlaw; to proscribe.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove from legal jurisdiction or
enforcement; as, to <i>outlaw</i> a debt or claim; to deprive of
legal force.</def> "Laws <i>outlawed</i> by necessity."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"law`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Outlawries</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of outlawing; the putting a man
out of the protection of law, or the process by which a man (as an
absconding criminal) is deprived of that protection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being an outlaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lay out; to
spread out; to display.</def> [R.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"lay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A laying out or expending.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is expended;
expenditure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An outlying haunt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau.
& Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*leap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass in
leaping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"leap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sally.</def>
[R.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*learn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To excel or surpass in learing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To learn out [<i>i. e.</i>, completely,
utterly]; to exhaust knowledge of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Naught, according to his mind,<BR>
He could <i>outlearn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men and gods have not <i>outlearned</i> it
[love].</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"let`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The place or
opening by which anything is let out; a passage out; an exit; a
vent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Receiving all, and having no
<i>outlet</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*let"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To let out; to
emit.</def> [R.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*lie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
lying.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"li`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who does not live where his office, or business, or estate,
is.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which lies, or is, away from the main
body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A part of a rock or stratum
lying without, or beyond, the main body, from which it has been
separated by denudation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"limb`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An extreme
member or part of a thing; a limb.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The line which marks the outer limits of an
object or figure; the exterior line or edge; contour.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In art: A line drawn by pencil, pen, graver,
or the like, by which the boundary of a figure is indicated.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A sketch composed of such lines; the
delineation of a figure without shading.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Painters, by their <i>outlines</i>, colors, lights,
and shadows, represent the same in their pictures.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A sketch of any scheme; a
preliminary or general indication of a plan, system, course of
thought, etc.; as, the <i>outline</i> of a speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But that larger grief . . .<BR>
Is given in <i>outline</i> and no more.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sketch; draught; delineation. See
<u>Sketch</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Out"line`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Outlined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Outlining</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw the outline
of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To sketch out or indicate as by an
outline; as, to <i>outline</i> an argument or a campaign.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*lin"e*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an outline; being in, or forming, an outline.</def>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*live"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Outlived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Outliving</u>.] <def>To live beyond, or longer than; to
survive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They live too long who happiness
<i>outlive</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*liv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
outlives.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*look"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To face down; to outstare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>outlook</i> conquest, and to win
renown.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inspect throughly; to select.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Cotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"look`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of looking out; watch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who looks out; also, the place from
which one looks out; a watchower.</def>  <i>Lyon Playfair.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The view obtained by one looking out;
scope of vision; prospect; sight; appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Applause<BR>
Which owes to man's short <i>outlook</i> all its charms.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"loose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A loosing from;
an escape; an outlet; an evasion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That "whereas" gives me an
<i>outloose</i>.</blockquote> <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"lope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
excursion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Florio.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Out*lus"ter</hw>, <hw>Out*lus"tre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To excel in brightness or luster.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"ly`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying or being
at a distance from the central part, or the main body; being on, or
beyond, the frontier; exterior; remote; detached.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Out`ma*neu"ver</hw>, <hw>Out`ma*n&oelig;u"vre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass, or get an advantage of, in
maneuvering; to outgeneral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*man"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To excel in
mantling; hence, to excel in splendor, as of dress.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And with poetic trappings grace thy prose,<BR>
Till it <i>outmantle</i> all the pride of verse.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*march"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in marching; to march faster than, or so as to leave
behind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*meas"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed
in measure or extent; to measure more than.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>outemest</i>,
<i>utmest</i>, AS. <i>&?;temest</i>, a superl. fr. <i>&?;te</i> out.
See <u>Out</u>, <u>Utmost</u>, and cf. <u>Outermost</u>.]
<def>Farthest from the middle or interior; farthest outward;
outermost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*mount"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mount
above.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*name"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To exceed in naming or describing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exceed in name, fame, or degree.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And found out one to <i>outname</i> thy other
faults.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being out or beyond; separateness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The state or quality of
being distanguishable from the perceiving mind, by being in space,
and possessing marerial quality; externality; objectivity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>outness</i> of the objects of
sense.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamiltom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*noise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
noise; to surpass in noisiness.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*num"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed
in number.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out`-of-door"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being out of
the house; being, or done, in the open air; outdoor; as, <i>out-of-
door</i> exercise. See <i>Out of door</i>, under <u>Out</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Amongst <i>out-of-door</i> delights.</blockquote>
<i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out`-of-the-way"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See under
<u>Out</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Out*pace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Outpass</u>.] <def>To outgo; to move faster than; to leave
behind.</def> [R.]  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*par"a*mour</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
exceed in the number of mistresses.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"par`ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A parish lying
without the walls of, or in a remote part of, a town.</def>
<i>Graunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"part`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An outlying
part.</def> [R.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*pass"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Outpace</u>.] <def>To pass beyond; to exceed in
progress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*pas"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed
in passion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"-pa`tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A patient
who is outside a hospital, but receives medical aid from
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*peer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
excel.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*play"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To excel or
defeat in a game; to play better than; as, to be <i>outplayed</i> in
tennis or ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*poise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
outweigh.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"port`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A harbor or port
at some distance from the chief town or seat of trade.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"post`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A post or station without the limits of a
camp, or at a distance from the main body of an army, for observation
of the enemy.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The troops placed at
such a station.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*pour"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pour
out.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"pour`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flowing out; a
free discharge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*pow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To excel in
power; to overpover.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*pray"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed or
excel in prayer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*preach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in preaching.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And for a villain's quick conversion<BR>
A pillory can <i>outpreach</i> a parson.</blockquote>
<i>Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*prize"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prize
beyong value, or in excess; to exceed in value.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"put`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The amount of coal or ore put out from one or more mines, or the
quantity of material produced by, or turned out from, one or more
furnaces or mills, in a given time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>That which is thrown out
as products of the metabolic activity of the body; the egesta other
than the f&aelig;ces. See <u>Income</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The output consists of: (<i>a</i>) The respiratory products
of the lungs, skin, and alimentary canal, consisting chiefly of
carbonic acid and water with small quantities of hydrogen and
carbureted hydrogen. (<i>b</i>) Perspiration, consisting chiefly of
water and salts. (<i>c</i>) The urine, which is assumed to contain
all the nitrogen truly excreted by the body, besides a large quantity
of saline matters and water. <i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*quench"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To quench
entirely; to extinguish.</def> "The candlelight <i>outquenched</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*rage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Out</i> +
<i>rage</i>.] <def>To rage in excess of.</def> [R.]
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"rage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>outrage</i>;
OF. <i>outre</i>, <i>oltre</i>, beyond (F. <i>outre</i>, L.
<i>ultra</i>) + <i>-age</i>, as, in <i>courage</i>, <i>voyage</i>.
See <u>Ulterior</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Injurious violence or
wanton wrong done to persons or things; a gross violation of right or
decency; excessive abuse; wanton mischief; gross injury.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He wrought great <i>outrages</i>, wasting all the
country.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excess; luxury.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Affront; insult; abuse. See <u>Affront</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Out"rage</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Outragen</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Outraging</u> (?).] [F. <i>outrager</i>. See <u>Outrage</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To commit outrage upon; to subject to
outrage; to treat with violence or excessive abuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Base and insolent minds <i>outrage</i> men when they
have hope of doing it without a return.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This interview <i>outrages</i> all
decency.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, to violate; to commit an
indecent assault upon (a female).</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"rage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be guilty of an
outrage; to act outrageously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*ra"geous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>outrageus</i>, F. <i>outrageux</i>. See <u>Outrage</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Of the nature of an outrage; exceeding the
limits of right, reason, or decency; involving or doing an outrage;
furious; violent; atrocious.</def> "<i>Outrageous</i> weeping."
<i>Chaucer.</i> "The most <i>outrageous</i> villainies." <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i> "The vile, <i>outrageous</i> crimes." <i>Shak.</i>
"<i>Outrageous</i> panegyric." <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1020 !></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Violent; furious; exorbitant; excessive; atrocious;
monstrous; wanton; nefarious; heinous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Out*ra"geous*ly</wf> (out*r&amacr;"j&ubreve;s*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Out*ra"geous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ou`trance"</hw> (&oomac;`tr&auml;Ns"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. See <u>Outr&AElig;</u>.] <def>The utmost or last
extremity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Combat &agrave; outrance</b></col>, <cd>a fight to the
end, or to the death.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Out*rank"</hw> (out*r&abreve;&nsm;k"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To exceed in rank; hence, to take precedence of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*ray"</hw> (-r&amacr;"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
outshine.</def> [R.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*ray"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To spread out in
array.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And now they <i>outray</i> to your fleet.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*raye"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Outrage</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This warn I you, that ye not suddenly<BR>
Out of yourself for no woe should <i>outraye</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*raze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
obliterate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ou`tr&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. p. of
<i>outrer</i> to exaggerate, fr. L. <i>ultra</i> beyond. See
<u>Outrage</u>.] <def>Being out of the common course or limits;
extravagant; bizarre.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*reach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reach
beyond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*rea"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To excel or
surpass in reasoning; to reason better than.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*reck"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed
in reckoning or computation.</def>  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ou`tre*cui`dance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>outre</i> beyond + <i>cuider</i> to think, L. <i>cogitare</i>.]
<def>Excessive presumption.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*rede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass in
giving rede, or counsel.</def> [Obs.] See <u>Atrede</u>.
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*reign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To go beyond
in reigning; to reign through the whole of, or longer than.</def>
[R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*ride"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass in
speed of riding; to ride beyond or faster than.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"ride`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
riding out; an excursion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place for riding out.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Out"rid`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A summoner whose office is to cite men before the sheriff.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who rides out on horseback.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A servant on horseback attending a
carriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"rig`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any spar or projecting timber run out for temporary use, as from
a ship's mast, to hold a rope or a sail extended, or from a building,
to support hoisting teckle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
projecting support for a rowlock, extended from the side of a
boat.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A boat thus equipped.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A projecting contrivance at the side of a
boat to prevent upsetting, as projecting spars with a log at the
end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"right`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Immediately; without delay; at once; as, he was killed
<i>outright</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Completely; utterly.</def>  <i>Cardinal
Manning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*ring"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To excel in
volume of ringing sound; to ring louder than.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*ri"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in a rivalry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*rive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To river; to
sever.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Out"road`</hw>, <hw>Out"rode`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An excursion.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Outrodes</i>
by the ways of Judea."  <i>Macc. xv. 41 (Geneva Bible).</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*roar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
roaring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out`ro*mance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed
in romantic character.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An outer
room.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*root"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To eradicate;
to extirpate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*run"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Outran</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Outrun</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Outrunning</u>.]
<def>To exceed, or leave behind, in running; to run faster than; to
outstrip; to go beyond.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your zeal <i>outruns</i> my wishes.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The other disciple did <i>outrun</i> Peter, and came
first to the sepulcher.</blockquote> <i>Jhon xx. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*run"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An offshoot; a
branch.</def> [R.] "Some <i>outrunner</i> of the river."
<i>Lauson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*rush"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rush out;
to issue, or ru&?; out, forcibly.</def>  <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*sail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To excel, or
to leave behind, in sailing; to sail faster than.</def>  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*scent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
odor.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*scold"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
scolding.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*scorn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To confront,
or subdue, with greater scorn.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"scour`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
is scoured out o&?; washed out.</def>  <i>Buckland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*scout"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To overpower
by disdain; to outface.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*see"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To see beyond;
to excel in cer&?;ainty of seeing; to surpass in foresight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*sell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To exceed in amount of sales; to sell more than.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exceed in the price of selling; to
fetch more than; to exceed in value.</def>  <i>Fuller. Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"sen`try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>A sentry who guards the entrance or approach to a place; an
outguard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A setting out,
starting, or beginning.</def> "The <i>outset</i> of a political
journey."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Giving a proper direction to this <i>outset</i> of
life.</blockquote> <i>J. Hawes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"set`tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
settles at a distance, or away, from others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*shine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shine
forth.</def> "Bright, <i>outshining</i> beams."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*shine"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To excel in
splendor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A throne of royal state, which far<BR>
<i>Outshone</i> the wealth of Ormus and of Ind.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*shoot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed or
excel in shooting; to shoot beyond.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men are resolved never to <i>outshoot</i> their
forefathers' mark.</blockquote> <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*shut"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shut
out.</def> [R.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The external part of a thing; the part, end, or side which forms
the surface; that which appears, or is manifest; that which is
superficial; the exterior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There may be great need of an <i>outside</i> where
there is little or nothing within.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Created beings see nothing but our
<i>outside</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part or space which lies without an
inclosure; the outer side, as of a door, walk, or boundary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I threw open the door of my chamber, and found the
family standing on the <i>outside</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The furthest limit, as to number,
quantity, extent, etc.; the utmost; as, it may last a week at the
<i>outside</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, is without; hence,
an <i>outside</i> passenger, as distinguished from one who is
<i>inside</i>. See <u>Inside</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> 3.</def>
[Colloq. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Out"side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the outside; external; exterior;
superficial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reaching the extreme or farthest limit, as
to extent, quantity, etc.; as, an <i>outside</i> estimate.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Outside finish</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a term for
the minor parts, as corner boards, hanging stiles, etc., required to
complete the exterior of a wooden building; -- rare in
masonry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Out"side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>or
<i>prep</i>. On or to the outside (of); without; on the exterior; as,
to ride <i>outside</i> the coach; he stayed <i>outside</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out`sid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One not belonging to the concern, institution, party, etc.,
spoken of; one disconnected in interest or feeling.</def> [Recent]
<i>A. Trollope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A locksmith's pinchers for grasping the
point of a key in the keyhole, to open a door from the outside when
the key is inside.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A horse which is not a favorite in the
betting.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Out*sing"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass in
singing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*sit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To remain
sitting, or in session, longer than, or beyond the time of; to
outstay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"skirt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A part remote
from the center; outer edge; border; -- usually in the plural; as,
the <i>outskirts</i> of a town.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>outskirts</i> of his march of
mystery.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*sleep"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
sleeping.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*slide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To slide
outward, onward, or forward; to advance by sliding.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>At last our grating keels
<i>outslide</i>.</blockquote> <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*soar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To soar
beyond or above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"sole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The outside sole
of a boot or shoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*sound"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in sounding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*span"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [D.
<i>uitspannen</i>.] <def>To unyoke or disengage, as oxen from a
wagon.</def> [S. Africa]</p>

<p><hw>Out*spar"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed
in sparkling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*speak"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exceed in speaking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To speak openly or boldly.</def>  <i>T.
Campbell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To express more than.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*speed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To excel in
speed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Outspeed</i> the realized miracles of
steam.</blockquote> <i>Talfourd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"spend`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Outlay;
expenditure.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A mere <i>outspend</i> of savageness.</blockquote>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*spin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spin out;
to finish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*spo"ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speaking, or
spoken, freely, openly, or boldly; as, an <i>outspoken</i> man; an
<i>outspoken</i> rebuke.</def> -- <wf>Out*spo"ken*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Out*sport"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
sporting.</def> [R.] "Not to <i>outsport</i> discretion."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*spread"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spread
out; to expand; -- usually as a <pos><i>past part. or
adj.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Out*spring"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To spring
out; to issue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*stand"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stand
out, or project, from a surface or mass; hence, to remain standing
out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*stand"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To resist effectually; to withstand; to sustain without
yielding.</def> [R.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stay beyond.</def> "I have
<i>outstood</i> my time."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*stand"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That stands out;
undischarged; uncollected; not paid; as, <i>outstanding</i>
obligations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Revenues . . . as well <i>outstanding</i> as
collected.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*stare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To excel or
overcome in staring; to face down.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would <i>outstare</i> the sternest eyes that
look.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*start"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To start out
or up.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*stay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stay
beyond or longer than.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She concluded to <i>outstay</i> him.</blockquote>
<i>Mad. D' Arblay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*step"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
stepping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*storm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
storming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Insults the tempest and <i>outstorms</i> the
skies.</blockquote> <i>J. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"street`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A street
remote from the center of a town.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*stretch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stretch
out.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*stride"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in striding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*strike"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strike
out; to strike faster than.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*strip"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Outstripped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Outstripping</u>.] <def>To go faster than; to outrun;
to advance beyond; to leave behing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Appetites which . . . had <i>outstripped</i> the
hours.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He still <i>outstript</i> me in the race.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*suf"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed
in suffering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*swear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
swearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*sweet"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in sweetness.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*swell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exceed in swelling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To swell beyond; to overflow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hewyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*take"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Except.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>R. of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*tak"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>or
<i>prep</i>. Excepted; save.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.
Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*talk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To overpower
by talking; to exceed in talking; to talk down.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*tell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass in
telling, counting, or reckoning.</def> "I have <i>outtold</i> the
clock."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"term`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An external or
superficial thing; outward manner; superficial remark, etc.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not to bear cold forms, nor men's
<i>outterms</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*throw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw out.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excel in throwing, as in ball
playing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*toil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
toiling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*tongue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To silence
by talk, clamor, or noise.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*top"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
overtop.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*trav"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed
in speed o&?; distance traveled.</def>  <i>Mad. D' Arblay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*twine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disentangle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*val"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
value.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*ven"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
venom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*vie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
vying.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*vil"lain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed
in villainy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*voice"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
noise.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*vote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
the number of votes given; to defeat by votes.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*walk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To excel in
walking; to leave behind in walking.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"wall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The exterior
wall; the outside surface, or appearance.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Out"ward</hw> (?), <hw>Out"wards</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&?;teweard</i>. See <u>Out</u>, and
<u>-ward</u>, <u>-wards</u>.] <def>From the interior part; in a
direction from the interior toward the exterior; out; to the outside;
beyond; off; away; as, a ship bound <i>outward</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wrong side may be turned
<i>outward</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Light falling on them is not reflected
<i>outwards</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Outward bound</b></col>, <cd>bound in an outward direction
or to foreign parts; -- said especially of vessels, and opposed to
<i>homeward bound</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Out"ward</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Forming the superficial part; external; exterior; -- opposed to
<i>inward</i>; as, an <i>outward</i> garment or layer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though our <i>outward</i> man perish, yet the inward
man is renewed day by day.</blockquote> <i>Cor. iv. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the outer surface or
to what is external; manifest; public.</def> "Sins <i>outward</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>outward</i> honor for an inward
toil.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Foreign; not civil or intestine; as, an
<i>outward</i> war.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Tending to the exterior or
outside.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fire will force its <i>outward</i>
way.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Out"ward*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Out"ward*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Outward stroke</b></col>. <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Stroke</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Out"ward</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>External form;
exterior.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So fair an <i>outward</i> and such stuff
within.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"wards</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Outward</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Out*watch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
watching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A way out;
exit.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In divers streets and <i>outways</i>
multiplied.</blockquote> <i>P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*wear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To wear out; to consume or destroy by wearing.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To last longer than; to outlast; as, this
cloth will <i>outwear</i> the other.</def> "If I the night
<i>outwear</i>."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*wea"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To weary
out.</def>  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*weed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To weed
out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*weep"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
weeping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*weigh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
weight or value.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*well"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pour
out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*well"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To issue
forth.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*went"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Outgo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*whore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
lewdness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*win"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To win a way
out of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*wind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To extricate
by winding; to unloose.</def> [R.]  <i>Spenser. Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*wing"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass,
exceed, or outstrip in flying.</def>  <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*wit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass in
wisdom, esp. in cunning; to defeat or overreach by superior
craft.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They did so much <i>outwit</i> and outwealth us
!</blockquote> <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"wit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The faculty of
acquiring wisdom by observation and experience, or the wisdom so
acquired; -- opposed to <umac>inwit</umac>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*woe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
woe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*work"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
working; to work more or faster than.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A
minor defense constructed beyond the main body of a work, as a
ravelin, lunette, hornwork, etc.</def>  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*worth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
worth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Out*wrest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To extort;
to draw from or forth by violence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out*write"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed or
excel in writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*za"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
buffoonery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ou*va"ro*vite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from the
Russian Count <i>Uvaroff</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Chrome
garnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ouze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ooze</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ou"zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Ousel</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mellow <i>ouzel</i> fluted in the
elm.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||O"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ovum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>ovale</i>, fr. L.
<i>ovum</i> egg.  Cf. <u>Egg</u>, <u>Ovum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to eggs; done in the egg, or inception; as,
<i>oval</i> conceptions.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the figure of an egg; oblong and
curvilinear, with one end broader than the other, or with both ends
of about the same breadth; in popular usage, elliptical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Broadly
elliptical.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oval chuck</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a lathe chuck so
constructed that work attached to it, and cut by the turning tool in
the usual manner, becomes of an oval form.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O"val</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A body or figure in the
shape of an egg, or popularly, of an ellipse.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cassinian oval</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the locus of
a point the product of whose distances from two fixed points is
constant; -- so called from <i>Cassini</i>, who first investigated
the curve. Thus, in the diagram, if P moves so that P A.P B is
constant, the point P describes a Cassinian oval. The locus may
consist of a single closed line, as shown by the dotted line, or of
two equal ovals about the points A and B.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1021 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>O`val*bu"min</hw> (?), <hw>O`val*bu"men</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ovum</i> + <i>albumin</i>.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>The albumin from white of eggs; egg albumin; -- in
distinction from <i>serum albumin</i>. See <u>Albumin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*val"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oval</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of an egg; having a figure such
that any section in the direction of the shorter diameter will be
circular, and any in the direction of the longer diameter will be
oval.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"val*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an oval
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ovans</i>
triumphant, p. pr. of <i>ovare</i> to exult.] <def>Exultant.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>O*va"ri*an</hw> (?), <hw>O*va"ri*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to an ovary.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*va"ri*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the tubes of which the ovaries of most insects are
composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*va`ri*ot"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
performs, or is skilled in, ovariotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*va`ri*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ovarium</i>
+ Gr. &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of removing one
or both of the ovaries; o&ouml;phorectomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*va"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
eggs; as, <i>ovarious</i> food.</def> [R.]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||O`va*ri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ovarium</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the ovaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*va"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Ovaria</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Ovariums</b></plw> (#).
[NL.] <def>An ovary. See <u>Ovary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"va*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ovaries</b></plw> (#). [NL. <i>ovarium</i>, fr. L.
<i>ovum</i> egg: cf. F. <i>ovaire</i>. See <u>Oval</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That part of the pistil which
contains the seed, and in most flowering plants develops into the
fruit. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Flower</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l. &amp; Anat.)</i> <def>The essential
female reproductive organ in which the ova are produced. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Discophora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ovatus</i>, from
<i>ovum</i> egg. See <u>Oval</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shaped like an egg, with the lower
extremity broadest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the shape of an egg,
or of the longitudinal sectior of an egg, with the broader end
basal.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"vate-a*cu"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
an ovate form, but narrowed at the end into a slender
point.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vate-cyl`in*dra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a form intermediate between ovate and
cylindraceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"va*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ovate.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vate-lan"ce*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a form intermediate between ovate and
lanceolate.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vate-ob"long</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Oblong.
with one end narrower than the other; ovato-oblong.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vate-ro*tund"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
a form intermediate between that of an egg and a sphere; roundly
ovate.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vate-su"bu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
an ovate form, but with a subulate tip or extremity.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ovatio</i>,
fr. <i>ovare</i> to exult, rejoice, triumph in an ovation; cf. Gr.
&?; to shout: cf. F. <i>ovation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A lesser kind of triumph allowed to a commander for
an easy, bloodless victory, or a victory over slaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: An expression of popular homage;
the tribute of the multitude to a public favorite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To rain an April of <i>ovation</i> round<BR>
Their statues.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O*va"to-a*cu"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Ovate-acuminate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*va"to-cyl`in*dra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Ovate-cylindraceous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*va"to-ob"long</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ovate-oblong</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*va"to-ro*tund"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Ovate-rotundate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ov"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ofen</i>; akin to
D. <i>oven</i>, OHG. <i>ofan</i>, <i>ovan</i>, G. <i>ofen</i>, Icel.
<i>ofn</i>, Dan. <i>ovn</i>, Sw. <i>ugn</i>, Goth.
<i>a&uacute;hns</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>ukh&amacr;</i> pot.] <def>A
place arched over with brick or stonework, and used for baking,
heating, or drying; hence, any structure, whether fixed or portable,
which may be heated for baking, drying, etc.; esp., now, a chamber in
a stove, used for baking or roasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ov"en*bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any species of the genus <i>Furnarius</i>,
allied to the creepers. They inhabit South America and the West
Indies, and construct curious oven-shaped nests.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In the United States, <i>Seiurus
aurocapillus</i>; -- called also <i>golden-crowned thrush</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In England, sometimes applied to the willow
warbler, and to the long-tailed titmouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ofer</i>; akin
to D. <i>over</i>, G. <i>&uuml;ber</i>, OHG. <i>ubir</i>,
<i>ubar</i>, Dan. <i>over</i>, Sw. <i>&ouml;fver</i>, Icel.
<i>yfir</i>, Goth. <i>ufar</i>, L. <i>super</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr.
<i>upari</i>. &?;199.  Cf. <u>Above</u>, <u>Eaves</u>, <u>Hyper-</u>,
<u>Orlop</u>, <u>Super-</u>, <u>Sovereign</u>, <u>Up</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Above, or higher than, in place or position,
with the idea of covering; -- opposed to <i>under</i>; as, clouds are
<i>over</i> our heads; the smoke rises <i>over</i> the
city.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mercy seat that is <i>over</i> the
testimony.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxx. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Over</i> them gleamed far off the crimson banners
of morning.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Across; from side to side of; -- implying
a passing or moving, either above the substance or thing, or on the
surface of it; as, a dog leaps <i>over</i> a stream or a
table.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Certain lakes . . . poison birds which fly <i>over</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Upon the surface of, or the whole surface
of; hither and thither upon; throughout the whole extent of; as, to
wander <i>over</i> the earth; to walk <i>over</i> a field, or
<i>over</i> a city.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Above; -- implying superiority in
excellence, dignity, condition, or value; as, the advantages which
the Christian world has <i>over</i> the heathen.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Above in authority or station; -- implying
government, direction, care, attention, guard, responsibility, etc.;
-- opposed to <i>under</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt be <i>over</i> my house.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xli. 40.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will make thee rules <i>over</i> many
things.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxv. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dost thou not watch <i>over</i> my sin ?</blockquote>
<i>Job xiv. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His tender mercies are <i>over</i> all his
works.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxlv. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Across or during the time of; from
beginning to end of; as, to keep anything <i>over</i> night; to keep
corn <i>over</i> winter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Above the perpendicular height or length
of, with an idea of measurement; as, the water, or the depth of
water, was <i>over</i> his head, <i>over</i> his shoes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Beyond; in excess of; in addition to; more
than; as, it cost <i>over</i> five dollars.</def> "<i>Over</i> all
this."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Above, implying superiority after a
contest; in spite of; notwithstanding; as, he triumphed <i>over</i>
difficulties; the bill was passed <i>over</i> the veto.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Over</i>, in poetry, is often contracted into
<i>o'er</i>.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Over his signature</i> (or <i>name</i>) is a substitute
for the idiomatic English form, <i>under his signature</i>
(<i>name</i>, <i>hand and seal</i>, etc.), the reference in the
latter form being to the <i>authority under which</i> the writing is
made, executed, or published, and not the <i>place</i> of the
autograph, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Over all</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>placed over or upon
other bearings, and therefore hinding them in part; -- said of a
charge.</cd> -- <col><b>Over head and ears</b></col>, <cd>beyond
one's depth; completely; wholly; hopelessly; as, <i>over head and
ears</i> in debt.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Over the left</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Left</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To run over</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>to have rotation in such direction that the crank
pin traverses the upper, or front, half of its path in the forward,
or outward, stroke; -- said of a crank which drives, or is driven by,
a reciprocating piece.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>From one side to another; from side to side; across; crosswise;
as, a board, or a tree, a foot <i>over</i>, <i>i. e.</i>, a foot in
diameter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>From one person or place to another
regarded as on the opposite side of a space or barrier; -- used with
verbs of motion; as, to sail <i>over</i> to England; to hand
<i>over</i> the money; to go <i>over</i> to the enemy.</def> "We will
pass <i>over</i> to Gibeah." <i>Judges xix. 12.</i> <def>Also, with
verbs of being: At, or on, the opposite side; as, the boat is
<i>over</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>From beginning to end; throughout the
course, extent, or expanse of anything; as, to look <i>over</i>
accounts, or a stock of goods; a dress covered <i>over</i> with
jewels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>From inside to outside, above or across
the brim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good measure, pressed down . . . and running
<i>over</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke vi. 38.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Beyond a limit; hence, in excessive degree
or quantity; superfluously; with repetition; as, to do the whole work
<i>over</i>.</def> "So <i>over</i> violent."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that gathered much had nothing
<i>over</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xvi. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In a manner to bring the under side to or
towards the top; as, to turn (one's self) <i>over</i>; to roll a
stone <i>over</i>; to turn <i>over</i> the leaves; to tip <i>over</i>
a cart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>At an end; beyond the limit of
continuance; completed; finished.</def> "Their distress was
<i>over</i>." <i>Macaulay.</i> "The feast was <i>over</i>." <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Over</i>, <i>out</i>, <i>off</i>, and similar adverbs,
are often used in the predicate with the sense and force of
adjectives, agreeing in this respect with the adverbs of place,
<i>here</i>, <i>there</i>, <i>everywhere</i>, <i>nowhere</i>; as, the
games were <i>over</i>; the play is <i>over</i>; the master was
<i>out</i>; his hat is <i>off</i>.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Over</i> is much used in composition, with the same
significations that it has as a separate word; as in <i>over</i>cast,
<i>over</i>flow, to cast or flow so as to spread over or cover;
<i>over</i>hang, to hang above; <i>over</i>turn, to turn so as to
bring the underside towards the top; <i>over</i>act,
<i>over</i>reach, to act or reach beyond, implying excess or
superiority.</p>

<p><col><b>All over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Over the
whole; upon all parts; completely; as, he is spatterd with mud <i>all
over</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Wholly over; at an end; as, it
is <i>all over</i> with him.</cd> -- <col><b>Over again</b></col>,
<cd>once more; with repetition; afresh; anew.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i> --
<col><b>Over against</b></col>, <cd>opposite; in front.</cd>
<i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>Over and above</b></col>, <cd>in a manner,
or degree, beyond what is supposed, defined, or usual; besides; in
addition; as, not <i>over and above</i> well.</cd> "He . . . gained,
<i>over and above</i>, the good will of all people." <i>L'
Estrange.</i> -- <col><b>Over and over</b></col>, <cd>repeatedly;
again and again.</cd> -- <col><b>To boil over</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Boil</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To come it
over</b></col>, <col><b>To do over</b></col>, <col><b>To give
over</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>Come</u>, <u>Do</u>,
<u>Give</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To throw over</b></col>, <cd>to
abandon; to betray.  Cf. <i>To throw overboard</i>, under
<u>Overboard</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O"ver</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Upper; covering; higher;
superior; also, excessive; too much or too great; -- chiefly used in
composition; as, <i>over</i>shoes, <i>over</i>coat, <i>over</i>-
garment, <i>over</i>lord, <i>over</i>work,
<i>over</i>haste.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A
certain number of balls (usually four) delivered successively from
behind one wicket, after which the ball is bowled from behind the
other wicket as many times, the fielders changing places.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*a*bound"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
exceedingly plenty or superabundant.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To act or perform to excess; to exaggerate in
acting; as, he <i>overacted</i> his part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act upon, or influence, unduly.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The hope of inheritance <i>overacts</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act more
than is necessary; to go to excess in action.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*ac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Per&?;ormance to excess; exaggerated or excessive
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*af*fect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
affect or care for unduly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ag"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
agitate or discuss beyond what is expedient.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*all</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Everywhere.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*alls</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of loose trousers worn over others to
protect them from soiling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Waterproof leggings.</def>  <i>R. D.
Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*anx*i"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being overanxious; excessive anxiety.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*anx"ious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Anxious in
an excessive or needless degree.</def> -- <wf>O"ver*anx"ious*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*arch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
make or place an arch over; to hang over like an arch.</def> "Brown
with <i>o'erarching</i> shades."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver-arm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Cricket,
etc.)</i> <def>Done (as bowling or pitching) with the arm raised
above the shoulder. See <u>Overhard</u>.</def> "An <i>over-arm</i>
with a round-arm bowler."  <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*awe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overawed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overawing</u>.] <def>To awe exceedingly; to subjugate
or restrain by awe or great fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king was present in person to overlook the
magistrates, and <i>overawe</i> these subjects with the terror of his
sword.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*aw"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Awful, or
reverential, in an excessive degree.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*bal"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exceed equality with; to outweigh.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to lose balance or
equilibrium.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*bal`ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excess of
weight or value; something more than an equivalent; as, an
<i>overbalance</i> of exports.</def>  <i>J. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*bar"ren</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively
barren.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*bat"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Over</i> +
<i>battle</i>, a.] <def>Excessively fertile; bearing rank or noxious
growths.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Overbattle</i> grounds."
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*bear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bear down or carry down, as by excess of
weight, power, force, etc.; to overcome; to suppress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The point of reputation, when the news first came of
the battle lost, did <i>overbear</i> the reason of war.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Overborne</i> with weight the Cyprians
fell.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are not so ready to <i>overbear</i> the adversary
who goes out of his own country to meet them.</blockquote> <i>Jowett
(Thucyd. )</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To domineer over; to overcome by
insolence.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*bear"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bear fruit
or offspring to excess; to be too prolific.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*bear"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Overpowering; subduing; repressing.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Aggressively haughty; arrogant;
domineering; tyrannical; dictatorial; insolent.</def></p>

<p>--<wf>O`ver*bear"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>O`ver*bear"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*bend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bend to
excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*bend"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bend
over.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*bid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bid or
offer beyond, or in excess of.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*bide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
outlive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*blow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To blow over, or be subdued.</def> [R.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To force so much wind into a
pipe that it produces an overtone, or a note higher than the natural
note; thus, the upper octaves of a flute are produced by
<i>overblowing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*blow"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To blow away;
to dissipate by wind, or as by wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When this cloud of sorrow's
<i>overblown</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Over the
side of a ship; hence, from on board of a ship, into the water; as,
to fall <i>overboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To throw overboard</b></col>, <cd>to discard; to abandon,
as a dependent or friend.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*boil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To boil
over or unduly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor is discontent to keep the mind<BR>
Deep in its fountain, lest it <i>overboil</i><BR>
In the hot throng.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*bold"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively or
presumptuously bold; impudent.</def> <i>Shak.</i> --
<wf>O"ver*bold"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*book"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively
bookish.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*boun"te*ous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bounteous to
excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*bow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bend or
bow over; to bend in a contrary direction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*breed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To breed
to excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*brim"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flow
over the brim; to be so full as to overflow.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*brow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hang
over like a brow; to impend over.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Did with a huge projection <i>overbrow</i><BR>
Large space beneath.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*build"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To build over.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To build too much; to build beyond the
demand.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*built"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having too
many buildings; as, an <i>overbuilt</i> part of a town.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*bulk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To oppress
by bulk; to overtower.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*bur"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To load
with too great weight or too much care, etc.</def>  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*bur`den</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The waste which
overlies good stone in a quarry.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*bur"den*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
burdensome.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*burn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
burn too much; to be overzealous.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver-bus"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too busy;
officious.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*buy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To buy too much.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To buy at too dear a rate.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*can"o*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover
as with a canopy.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ca"pa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
capable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Overcapable</i> of such pleasing
errors.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*care"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive
care.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1022 !></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*care"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
careful.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*cark"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
anxious; too full of care.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*car"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
carry too far; to carry beyond the proper point.</def>
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*cast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cast or cover over; hence, to cloud; to
darken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those clouds that <i>overcast</i> your morn shall
fly.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To compute or rate too high.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Sewing)</i> <def>To take long, loose
stitches over (the raw edges of a seam) to prevent
raveling.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*catch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
overtake.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O"ver*cau"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
cautious; cautious or prudent to excess.</def> --
<wf>O"ver*cau"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>O"ver*cau"tiou*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*change`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Too much or
too frequent change; fickleness.</def> [R.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*charge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Supercharge</u>, <u>Surcharge</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To charge or load too heavily; to burden;
to oppress; to cloy.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p>
<sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill too full; to crowd.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our language is <i>overcharged</i> with
consonants.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To charge excessively; to charge beyond a
fair rate or price.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To exaggerate; as, to <i>overcharge</i> a
description.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Overcharged mine</b></col>. <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>See <i>Globe
of compression</i>, under <u>Globe</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*charge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
excessive charges.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*charge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Supercargo</u>, <u>Supercharge</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An excessive load or burden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An excessive charge in an
account.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*climb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To climb
over.</def>  <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*cloud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover
or overspread with clouds; to becloud; to overcast.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*cloy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fill
beyond satiety.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*coat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Surcoat</u>.] <def>A coat worn over the other clothing; a
greatcoat; a topcoat.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*cold"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cold to
excess.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*col"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To color
too highly.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*come"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Overcame</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Overcome</u>; <pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Overcoming</u>.]
[AS. <i>ofercuman</i>. See <u>Over</u>, <u>Come</u>, and cf.
<u>Supervene</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To get the better of; to surmount; to
conquer; to subdue; as, to <i>overcome</i> enemies in
battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This wretched woman <i>overcome</i><BR>
Of anguish, rather than of crime, hath been.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overflow; to surcharge.</def> [Obs.]
<i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come or pass over; to spreads
over.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>overcome</i> us like a summer's
cloud.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conquer; subdue; vanquish; overpower; overthrow;
overturn; defeat; crush; overbear; overwhelm; prostrate; beat;
surmount. See <u>Conquer</u>.</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*come"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gain the
superiority; to be victorious.</def>  <i>Rev. iii. 21.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*com"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
overcomes.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*com"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Conquering;
subduing.</def> -- <wf>O`ver*com"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*con"fi*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Excessive confidence; too great reliance or trust.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*con"fi*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Confident to excess.</def> -- <wf>O"ver*con"fi*dent*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*cost"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
costly.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*count"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rate
too high; to outnumber.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*cov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover
up.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*cred"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
credulous.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*crow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To crow,
exult, or boast, over; to overpower.</def>  <i>Spenser. Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*crowd"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To crowd
too much.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*cun"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exceedingly
or excessively cunning.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*cu"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
curious.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*dare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
dare too much or rashly; to be too daring.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*date"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To date
later than the true or proper period.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*deal`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
excess.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>overdeal</i> in the price will be
double.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*del"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
delicate.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*de*light"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Delighted beyond measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*dight"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered
over.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*do"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Overdid</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Overdone</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Overdoing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To do too much; to exceed
what is proper or true in doing; to exaggerate; to carry too
far.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anything so <i>overdone</i> is from the purpose of
playing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overtask. or overtax; to fatigue; to
exhaust; as, to <i>overdo</i> one's strength.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To surpass; to excel.</def> [R.]
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cook too much; as, to <i>overdo</i> the
meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*do"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To labor too
hard; to do too much.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*do"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
overdoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*dose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dose to
excess; to give an overdose, or too many doses, to.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*dose`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Too great a dose;
an excessive dose.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*draw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Overdrew</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Overdrawn</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Overdrawing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exaggerate; to overdo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Banking)</i> <def>To make drafts upon or
against, in excess of the proper amount or limit.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*dress"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dress
or adorn to excess; to dress too much.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*drink"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
drink to excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*drive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
drive too hard, or far, or beyond strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*drown"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wet or
drench to excess.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*dry"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dry too
much.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*due"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Due and more
than due; delayed beyond the proper time of arrival or payment, etc.;
as, an <i>overdue</i> vessel; an <i>overdue</i> note.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*dye"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dye with
excess of color; to put one color over (another).</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ea"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too eager;
too impatient.</def> -- <wf>O`ver*ea"ger*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>O"ver*ea"ger*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ear"nest</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
earnest.</def> -- <wf>O"ver*ear"nest*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>O"ver*ear"nest*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*eat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To gnaw all over, or on all sides.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To eat to excess; -- often with a
reflexive.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*el"e*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
elegant.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*emp"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
too empty; to exhaust.</def> [R.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*est</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Superl.</i></pos> of <u>Over</u>.] <def>Uppermost;
outermost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full threadbare was his <i>overeste</i>
courtepy.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*es"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
estimate too highly; to overvalue.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*es"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
estimate that is too high; as, an <i>overestimate</i> of the
vote.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ex*cite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
excite too much.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*ex*cite"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excess
of excitement; the state of being overexcited.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ex*ert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exert
too much.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*ex*er"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive
exertion.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*ex"qui*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
exquisite; too exact or nice; too careful.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*eye"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To superintend; to oversee; to inspect.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To see; to observe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*fall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cataract; a waterfall.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A turbulent surface of
water, caused by strong currents setting over submerged ridges; also,
a dangerous submerged ridge or shoal.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*fa*tigue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive
fatigue.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*fa*tigue"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fatigue
to excess; to tire out.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*feed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overfed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Overfeeding</u>.] <def>To feed to excess; to
surfeit.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*fierce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively
fierce.</def></p>

<p><hw>o`ver*fill"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fill to
excess; to surcharge.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*fish"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fish to
excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*float"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
overflow.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*flour"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make excessive display or flourish
of.</def>  <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To embellish with outward ornaments or
flourishes; to varnish over.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*flow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overflowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overflowing</u>.] [AS. <i>oferfl&?;wan</i>. See
<u>Over</u>, and <u>Flow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To flow over;
to cover woth, or as with, water or other fluid; to spread over; to
inundate; to overwhelm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The northern nations <i>overflowed</i> all
Christendom.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To flow over the brim of; to fill more
than full.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*flow"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To run over the bounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be superabundant; to abound.</def>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*flow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A flowing over, as of water or other fluid; an inundation.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which flows over; a superfluous
portion; a superabundance.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An outlet for the escape of surplus
liquid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Overflow meeting</b></col>, <cd>a meeting constituted of
the surplus or overflow of another audience.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*flow"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
overflow; that which overflows; exuberance; copiousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was ready to bestow the <i>overflowings</i> of his
full mind on anybody who would start a subject.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*flow"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In great
abundance; exuberantly.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*flush"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To flush
to excess.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*flut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
flutter over.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*flux`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Overflow;
exuberance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*fly"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Overflew</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Overflown</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Overflying</u>.] <def>To cross or pass over by flight.</def>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*fond"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fond to
excess.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>O"ver*fond"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>O"ver*fond"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*force`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive
force; violence.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*for"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forward to
excess; too forward.</def> -- <wf>O"ver*for"ward*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*free"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free to
excess; too liberal; too familiar.</def> -- <wf>O"ver*free"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*freight"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overfreighted</u> (<u>Overfraught</u> (?),
obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Overfreighting</u>.]
<def>To put too much freight in or upon; to load too full, or too
heavily; to overload.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*fre"quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
frequent.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*frieze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover
with a frieze, or as with a frieze.</def>  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*front"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
confront; to oppose; to withstand.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*fruit"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
fruitful.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*full"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>oferfull</i>.] <def>Too full; filled to overflowing; excessively
full; surfeited.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*full"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being excessively or abnormally full, so as to cause overflow,
distention, or congestion; excess of fullness; surfeit.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver-gar`ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An outer
garment.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*gar"ri*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
garrison to excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*gaze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gaze; to
overlook.</def> [Poetic] "Earth's <i>o'ergazing</i> mountains."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*get"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reach; to overtake; to pass.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To get beyond; to get over or recover
from.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*gild"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ofergyldan</i>.] <def>To gild over; to varnish.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*gird"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gird too
closely.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*give"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give
over; to surrender; to yield.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*glad"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively or
unduly glad.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*glance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To glance
over.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*glide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To glide
over.</def>  <i>Wyatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*gloom"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spread
gloom over; to make gloomy; to overshadow.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Overgloomed</i> by memories of sorrow.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*go"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Overwent</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Overgone</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Overgoing</u>.] [AS. <i>oferg&amacr;n</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To travel over.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exceed; to surpass.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cover.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To oppress; to weigh down.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*gorge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gorge
to excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*grace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To grace
or honor exceedingly or beyond desert.</def> [R.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*grassed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Overstocked, or overgrown, or covered, with grass.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*great"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
great.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*great"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive
greatness.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*greed"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively
greedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*gross"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
gross.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*ground"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated
over or above ground; as, the <i>overground</i> portion of a
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*grow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Overgrew</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Overgrown</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Overgrowing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grow over; to cover with growth or
herbage, esp. that which is rank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The green . . . is rough and
<i>overgrown</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grow beyond; to rise above; hence, to
overcome; to oppress.</def> [Obs.] <i>Mortimer.</i> "<i>O'ergrown</i>
with labor."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>[Usually in the past participle.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*grow"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow beyond
the fit or natural size; as, a huge, <i>overgrown</i> ox.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*growth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive
growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*hail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Overhaul</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*hale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Overhaul</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O"ver*hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The upper
hand; advantage; superiority; mastery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had gotten thereby a great <i>overhand</i> on
me.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*hand`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Sewing)</i> <def>Over and over; -- applied to a style of sewing,
or to a seam, in which two edges, usually selvedges, are sewed
together by passing each stitch over both.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball, Cricket, etc.)</i> <def>Done (as
pitching or bowling) with the hand higher than the elbow, or the arm
above, or higher than, the shoulder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Overhand knot</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illustration</i> of
<u>Knot</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*hand`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an overhand
manner or style.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*han"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
handle, or use, too much; to mention too often.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*hang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overhung</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overhanging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To impend
or hang over.</def> [R.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hang over; to jut or project
over.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*hang"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To jut
over.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*hang`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a general sense, that which just out or
projects; a projection; also, the measure of the projection; as, the
<i>overhang</i> is five feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: The projection of an upper
part (as a roof, an upper story, or other part) of a building beyond
the lower part; as, the <i>overhang</i> of a roof, of the eaves,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The portion of the bow or
stem of a vessel that projects over the water beyond the water
line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The projection of a part
beyond another part that is directly below it, or beyond a part by
which it is supported; as, the <i>overhang</i> of a shaft; <i>i.
e.</i>, its projection beyond its bearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*hap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exceedingly
happy.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*hard"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To harden
too much; to make too hard.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*har"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too hardy;
overbold.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*haste`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Too great
haste.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*has"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too hasty;
precipitate; rash.</def> -- <wf>O"ver*has"ti*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>O`ver*has"ti*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*haul"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overhauled</u> (?); p. pr. &amp; vb. n.
<u>Overhauling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To haul or drag over;
hence, to turn over for examination; to inspect; to examine
thoroughly with a view to corrections or repairs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To gain upon in a chase; to
overtake.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To overhaul a tackle</b></col>, <cd>to pull on the leading
parts so as to separate the blocks.</cd> -- <col><b>To overhaul
running rigging</b></col>, <cd>to keep it clear, and see that no
hitch occurs.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>O"ver*haul`</hw> (?), <hw>O`ver*haul"ing</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strict examination with a view to
correction or repairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*head"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Aloft;
above; in or attached to the ceiling or roof; in the story or upon
the floor above; in the zenith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While <i>overhead</i> the moon<BR>
Sits arbitress.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>Also used adjectively; as, an <i>overhead</i> crane, gear,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Overhead engine</b></col>, <cd>a vertical steam engine in
which the cylinder stands above the crank.</cd> -- <col><b>Overhead
work</b></col>, <cd>a general term in manufactories for
countershafting and gearing, when overhead.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*hear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overheard</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overhearing</u>.] [AS. <i>oferhi&eacute;ran</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hear more of (anything) than was
intended to be heard; to hear by accident or artifice.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hear again.</def>  <i>ShaK.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*heat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Superheat</u>.] <def>To heat to excess; to superheat.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*heav`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively
heavy.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*hele"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>oferhelian</i>.] <def>To hele or cover over.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*hent"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Hent</u>.]
<def>To overtake.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So forth he went and soon them
<i>overhent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*high"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>oferhe&aacute;h</i>.] <def>Too high.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*high"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Too highly;
too greatly.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*hip"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overhipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overhipping</u>.] [<i>Over</i> + a word akin to E.
<i>hop</i> to skip.] <def>To pass over by, or as by a hop; to skip
over; hence, to overpass.</def> [Obs.] "When the time is
<i>overhipt</i>."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1023 !></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*hold"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hold or
value too highly; to estimate at too dear a rate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*hung"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered over; ornamented with hangings.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suspended from above or from the
top.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Overhung door</b></col>, <cd>a sliding door, suspended
door, suspended from the top, as upon rollers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*in"flu*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
influence in an excessive degree; to have undue influence
over.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*in*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
inform, fill, or animate, excessively.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*is"sue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An excessive
issue; an issue, as of notes or bonds, exceeding the limit of
capital, credit, or authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>overissue</i> of government paper.</blockquote>
<i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*is"sue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To issue in
excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*jeal"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Over</i> +
<i>jealous.</i>  Cf. <u>Overzealous</u>.] <def>Excessively jealous;
too jealous.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*joy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
excessively joyful; to gratify extremely.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*joy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive joy;
transport.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*jump"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To jump
over; hence, to omit; to ignore.</def>  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*king`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A king who has
sovereignty over inferior kings or ruling princes.</def>  <i>J. R.
Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*know"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too knowing
or too cunning.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*la"bor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overlabored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overlaboring</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to labor excessively; to
overwork.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To labor upon excessively; to refine
unduly.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*lade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Overladed</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Overladen</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Overlading</u>.] [Cf. <u>Overload</u>.] <def>To load with too
great a cargo; to overburden; to overload.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being, or
accomplished, over the land, instead of by sea; as, an
<i>overland</i> journey.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*land`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By, upon, or
across, land.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*land`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
travels over lands or countries; one who travels overland.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lan"guaged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Employing
too many words; diffuse.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*lap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To lap
over; to lap.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The lapping of one thing over another; as, an <i>overlap</i> of
six inches; an <i>overlap</i> of a slate on a roof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An extension of geological
beds above and beyond others, as in a conformable series of beds,
when the upper beds extend over a wider space than the lower, either
in one or in all directions.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*large"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too large;
too great.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*large"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excess of
size or bulk.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*lash"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>lash</i> extravagant, <i>lashing</i> lavish.] <def>To drive on
rashly; to go to excess; hence, to exaggerate; to boast.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*lash"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excess;
exaggeration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O"ver*late"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too late;
exceedingly late.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*lave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lave or
bathe over.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lav"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lavish to
excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overlaid</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overlaying</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay, or
spread, something over or across; hence, to cover; to overwhelm; to
press excessively upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When any country is <i>overlaid</i> by the multitude
which live upon it.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As when a cloud his beams doth
<i>overlay</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Framed of cedar <i>overlaid</i> with
gold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>overlay</i><BR>
With this portentous bridge the dark abyss.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To smother with a close covering, or by
lying upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This woman's child died in the night; because she
<i>overlaid</i> it.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings iii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A heap of ashes that <i>o'erlays</i> your
fire.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Printing)</i> <def>To put an overlay
on.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A covering.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Printing)</i> <def>A piece of paper pasted
upon the tympan sheet to improve the impression by making it stronger
at a particular place.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lay"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
overlays; that with which anything is overlaid.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lay"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A superficial
covering; a coating.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*lead"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To domineer
over; to affront; to treat with indignity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*leap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>oferhle&aacute;pan</i>. See <u>Over</u>, and <u>Leap</u>.] <def>To
leap over or across; hence, to omit; to ignore.</def> "Let me
<i>o'erleap</i> that custom."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*learn"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
learned.</def> -- <wf>O"ver*learn"ed</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>O"ver*learn"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*leath`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Upper
leather.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*leav"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To leaven
too much; hence, to change excessively; to spoil.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lib"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
liberal.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lib"er*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
overliberal manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*lick"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lick
over.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*lie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Overlay</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Overlain</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Overlying</u>.] <def>To lie over or upon; specifically, to
suffocate by lying upon; as, to <i>overlie</i> an infant.</def>
<i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman by negligence <i>overlieth</i> her child in
her sleeping.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Too strong a
light.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*light"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too light or
frivolous; giddy.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being overly; carelessness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lin"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause
to linger; to detain too long.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lip`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>oferlibban</i>.] <def>The upper lip.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*live"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
outlive.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The culture of Northumbria <i>overlived</i> the term
of its political supermacy.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*live"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To live too
long, too luxuriously, or too actively.</def> <i>Milton.</i>
"<i>Overlived</i> in this close London life."  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*liv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
survivor.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*load"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overloaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Overloading</u>.] [Cf. <u>Overlade</u>.] <def>To load or fill to
excess; to load too heavily.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*load`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An excessive
load; the excess beyond a proper load.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Excessively logical; adhering too closely to the forms or rules
of logic.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*long"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Too
long.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*look"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overlooked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overlooking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To look
down upon from a place that is over or above; to look over or view
from a higher position; to rise above, so as to command a view of;
as, to <i>overlook</i> a valley from a hill.</def> "The pile
<i>o'erlooked</i> the town."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Titan] with burning eye did hotly <i>overlook</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To supervise; to watch over;
sometimes, to observe secretly; as, to <i>overlook</i> a gang of
laborers; to <i>overlook</i> one who is writing a letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To inspect; to examine; to look over
carefully or repeatedly.</def> "<i>Overlook</i> this pedigree."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The time and care that are required<BR>
To <i>overlook</i> and file and polish well.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To look upon with an evil eye; to bewitch
by looking upon; to fascinate.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If you trouble me I will <i>overlook</i> you, and then
your pigs will die.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To look over and beyond (anything) without
seeing it; to miss or omit in looking; hence, to refrain from
bestowing notice or attention upon; to neglect; to pass over without
censure or punishment; to excuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The times of ignorance therefore God
<i>overlooked</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii. 30 (Rev. Ver. )</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>overlook</i> truth in the judgments they
pass.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The pardoning and <i>overlooking</i> of
faults.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*look"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
overlooks.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*loop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Orlop</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lord`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
lord over another or others; a superior lord; a master.</def>
<i>Freeman.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lord"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lordship
or supremacy of a person or a people over others.</def>  <i>J. R.
Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*loud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too loud;
noisy.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*love"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To love to
excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lus"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Excessively luscious.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*lust"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too lusty, or
lively.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Careless; negligent; inattentive; superfical; not
thorough.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessive; too much.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an overly
manner.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ly"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying over or
upon something; as, <i>overlying</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*mag"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
magnify too much.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*mal"a*pert</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Excessively malapert or impudent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*man`ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
excessive manner; excessively.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wiclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*march"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
march too far, or too much; to exhaust by marching.</def>
<i>Baker.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*mast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To furnish (a vessel) with too long or too heavy a mast or
masts.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*mas"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
overpower; to subdue; to vanquish; to govern.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*match"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be more than equal to or a match for;
hence, to vanquish.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To marry (one) to a superior.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*match`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One superior
in power; also, an unequal match; a contest in which one of the
opponents is overmatched.</def>  <i>Milton. D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*meas"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
measure or estimate too largely.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*meas`ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive
measure; the excess beyond true or proper measure; surplus.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*med"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To meddle
unduly.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*med"dling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive
interference.</def> "Justly shent for their <i>overmeddling</i>."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*mel"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too mellow;
overripe.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*mer"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive
merit.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*mic"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos>
<def>Overmuch.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*mix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mix with
too much.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*mod"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Modest to
excess; bashful.</def> -- <wf>O"ver*mod"est*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*moist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively
moist.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*mois"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excess of
moisture.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*more"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Beyond;
moreover.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O"ver*mor"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The day
after or following to-morrow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bible (1551).</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Over the rest
in authority; above all others; highest.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*mount"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Surmount</u>.] <def>To mount over; to go higher than; to rise
above.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*much"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
much.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In too great a degree; too
much.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An excess; a
surplus.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*much"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being in excess; superabundance.</def> [R.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*mul"ti*ply</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To multiply or increase too much; to repeat too often.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*mul"ti*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
outnumber.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*name"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To name
over or in a series; to recount.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*neat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively
neat.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*nice"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively
nice; fastidious.</def> <i>Bp. Hall.</i> -- <wf>O"ver*nice"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>O"ver*nice"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*night`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The fore part
of the night last past; the previous evening.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*night"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the fore
part of the night last past; in the evening before; also, during the
night; as, the candle will not last <i>overnight</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had been telling her all that happened
<i>overnight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*noise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
overpower by noise.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*nu"mer*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Excessively numerous; too many.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*of"fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
domineer over by virtue of office.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*of*fi"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
busy; too ready to intermeddle; too officious.</def>
<i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*paint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To color
or describe too strongly.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*pam"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pamper
excessively; to feed or dress too much.</def>  <i>Dryton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*part"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give too
important or difficult a part to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*pass"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overpassed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overpassing</u>.] [Cf. <u>Surpass</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go over or beyond; to cross; as, to
<i>overpass</i> a river; to <i>overpass</i> limits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass over; to omit; to overlook; to
disregard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the beauties of the East<BR>
He slightly viewed and slightly <i>overpassed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To surpass; to excel.</def> [R.]  <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*pass"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass over,
away, or off.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*pas"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Passionate to excess.</def> -- <wf>O"ver*pas"sion*ate*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*pa"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Patient to
excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*pay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overpaid</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overpaying</u>.] <def>To pay too much to; to reward
too highly.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*peer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To peer
over; to rise above.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*peo"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To people
too densely.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*perch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To perch
upon; to fly over.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*per*suade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
persuade or influence against one's inclination or judgment.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*pes"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pester
exceedingly or excessively.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*pic"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
surpass nature in the picture or representation of.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>O'erpicturing</i> that Venus."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*please"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To please
excessively.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*plus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Over</i> + L.
<i>plus</i> more. See <u>Plus</u>, and cf. <u>Surplus</u>.] <def>That
which remains after a supply, or beyond a quantity proposed;
surplus.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>"The <i>overplus</i> of a great fortune." <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ply"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ply to
excess; to exert with too much vigor; to overwork.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*poise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
outweigh; to overbalance.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*poise`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Preponderant
weight; a counterbalance.</def> [R.]  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*pol"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To polish
too much.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*pon"der*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
heavy.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*post"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To post
over; to pass over swiftly, as by post.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*po"tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too potent
or powerful.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*pow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overpowered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overpowering</u>.] <def>To excel or exceed in power;
to cause to yield; to vanquish; to subdue; as, the light
<i>overpowers</i> the eyes.</def> "And <i>overpower'd</i> that
gallant few."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To overbear; overcome; vanquish; defeat; crush;
overwhelm; overthrow; rout; conquer; subdue.</p>

<p><hw>O"ver*pow`er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dominating
power.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*pow"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excelling in
power; too powerful; irresistible.</def> --
<wf>O`ver*pow"er*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*praise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Overprize</u>, <u>Superpraise</u>.] <def>To praise excessively or
unduly.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*prais"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
praising unduly; excessive praise.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*press"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bear upon with irresistible force; to
crush; to overwhelm.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overcome by importunity.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*pres"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive
pressure or urging.</def>  <i>London Athen&aelig;um.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*prize"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Overpraise</u>.] <def>Toprize excessively; to overvalue.</def>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*pro*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Excessive production; supply beyond the demand.</def>  <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*prompt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too prompt;
too ready or eager; precipitate.</def> -- <wf>O`ver*prompt"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*proof"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
more alcohol than proof spirit; stronger than proof spirit; that is,
containing more than 49.3 per cent by weight of alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*pro*por"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
make of too great proportion.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*proud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exceedingly
or unduly proud.</def> "<i>Overproud</i> of his victory."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*prov"i*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
provident.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*pro*voke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
provoke excessively.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*quell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To quell
or subdue completely.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*qui"et*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Too much
quietness.</def>  <i>Sir. T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*rake"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overraked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overraking</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To rake over, or
sweep across, from end to end, as waves that break over a vessel
anchored with head to the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*rank"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too rank or
luxuriant.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*rate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overrated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Overrating</u>.] <def>To rate or value too highly.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*rate`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An excessive
rate.</def> [R.]  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*reach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overreached</u> (?), (<u>Overraught</u> (&?;),
obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Overreaching</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reach above or beyond in any
direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deceive, or get the better of, by
artifice or cunning; to outwit; to cheat.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*reach"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To reach too far</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To strike
the toe of the hind foot against the heel or shoe of the forefoot; --
said of horses.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To sail
on one tack farther than is necessary.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cheat by cunning or
deception.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1024 !></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*reach`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
striking the heel of the fore foot with the toe of the hind foot; --
said of horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*reach"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
overreaches; one who cheats; a cheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*read"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To read
over, or peruse.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*read"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
ready.</def> -- <wf>O"ver*read"*i*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>O"ver*read"i*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*reck"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reckon
too highly.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*red"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To smear
with red.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*re*fine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
refine too much.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*re*fine"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Excessive refinement.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*rent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rent for
too much.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*rich"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exccessively
rich.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ride"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Overrode</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Overridden</u> (?), <u>Overrode</u>, <u>Overrid</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Overriding</u>.] [AS.
<i>offer&imacr;dan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ride over or
across; to ride upon; to trample down.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The carter <i>overridden</i> with [<i>i. e.</i>, by]
his cart.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suppress; to destroy; to supersede; to
annul; as, one low <i>overrides</i> another; to <i>override</i> a
veto.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To ride beyond; to pass; to outride.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>overrode</i> him on the way.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To ride too much; to ride, as a horse,
beyond its strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*rigged"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having too
much rigging.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*right"eous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Excessively righteous; -- usually implying hypocrisy.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*rig"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too rigid;
too severe.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*rig"or*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
rigorous; harsh.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*ripe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Matured to
excess.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*rip"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
too ripe.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*roast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To roast
too much.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*rule"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overruled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overruling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rule
over; to govern or determine by superior authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rule or determine in a contrary way; to
decide against; to abrogate or alter; as, God <i>overrules</i> the
purposes of men; the chairman <i>overruled</i> the point of
order.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His passion and animosity <i>overruled</i> his
conscience.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These [difficulties] I had habitually
<i>overruled</i>.</blockquote> <i>F. W. Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To supersede, reject, annul,
or rule against; as, the plea, or the decision, was <i>overruled</i>
by the court.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*rule"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be superior
or supreme in rulling or controlling; as, God rules and
<i>overrules</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*rul"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, controls, governs, or determines.</def>  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*rul"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exerting
controlling power; as, an <i>overruling</i> Providence.</def> --
<wf>O`ver*rul"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*run"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Overran</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Overrun</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Overrunning</u>.
] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To run over; to grow or spread over in
excess; to invade and occupy; to take possession of; as, the vine
<i>overran</i> its trellis; the farm is <i>overrun</i> with witch
grass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those barbarous nations that <i>overran</i> the
world.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exceed in distance or speed of running;
to go beyond or pass in running.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ahimaaz run by the way of the plain, and
<i>overran</i> Cushi.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xviii. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go beyond; to extend in part beyond;
as, one line <i>overruns</i> another in length.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In machinery, a sliding piece is said to <i>overrun</i> its
bearing when its forward end goes beyond it.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To abuse or oppress, as if by treading
upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>None of them the feeble <i>overran</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
carry over, or back, as type, from one line or page into the next
after, or next before.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To extend the
contents of (a line, column, or page) into the next line, column, or
page.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*run"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To run, pass, spread, or flow over or by something; to be
beyond, or in excess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Despised and trodden down of all that
<i>overran</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To extend beyond its due
or desired length; as, a line, or advertisement,
<i>overruns</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*run"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
overruns.</def>  <i>Lovelace.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*sat"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Supersaturate</u>.] <def>To saturate to excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*say"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To say over;
to repeat.</def>  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*scent"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Scented excessively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covered or concealed by a different
odor.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*scru`pu*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Overscrupulousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*scru"pu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scrupulous to excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*scru"pu*lous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being overscrupulous; excess of
scrupulousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*sea"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beyond the sea;
foreign.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O"ver*sea"</hw> (?), <hw>O"ver*seas"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Over the sea; abroad.</def>  <i>Milton.
Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*search"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To search
all over.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*sea"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To season
too highly.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*see"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Oversaw</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Overseen</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Overseeing</u>.] [AS. <i>ofers&eacute;on</i> to survey, to
despise. See <u>Over</u>, and <u>See</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To superintend; to watch over; to direct;
to look or see after; to overlook.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To omit or neglect seeing.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*see"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To see too or
too much; hence, to be deceived.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The most expert gamesters may sometimes
<i>oversee</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your partiality to me is much <i>overseen</i>, if you
think me fit to correct your Latin.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*seer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
oversees; a superintendent; a supervisor; as, an <i>overseer</i> of a
mill; specifically, one or certain public officers; as, an
<i>overseer</i> of the poor; an <i>overseer</i> of
highways.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*seer"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
an overseer.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*sell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Oversold</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overselling</u>. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sell
for a higher price than; to exceed in selling price.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One whose beauty<BR>
Would <i>oversell</i> all Italy.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sell beyond means of delivery.</def>
[Brokers'Cant]</p>

<p><col><b>Oversold market</b></col> <i>(Brokers' Cant)</i>, <cd>a
market in which stocks or commodities have been sold "short" to such
an extent that it is difficult to obtain them for delivery.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*set"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overset</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Oversetting</u>. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn or tip
(anything) over from an upright, or a proper, position so that it
lies upon its side or bottom upwards; to upset; as, to <i>overset</i>
a chair, a coach, a ship, or a building.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to fall, or to tail; to subvert;
to overthrow; as, to <i>overset</i> a government or a plot.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fill too full.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*set"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn, or to
be turned, over; to be upset.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An upsetting; overturn; overthrow; as, the <i>overset</i> of a
carriage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An excess; superfluity.</def> [Obs.] "This
<i>overset</i> of wealth and pomp. "  <i>Bp. Burnel.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*shade`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ofersceadwian</i>. See <u>Over</u>, and <u>Shade</u>, and cf.
<u>Overshadow</u>.] <def>To cover with shade; to render dark or
gloomy; to overshadow.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*shad"ow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overshadowed</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overshadowing</u>. ] [Cf. <u>Overshade</u>. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw a shadow, or shade, over; to darken;
to obscure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was a cloud that <i>overshadowed</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>Mark ix. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To cover with a superior
influence.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*shad"ow*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
throws a shade, or shadow, over anything.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*shad"ow*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Overshadowing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*shake"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shake
over or away; to drive away; to disperse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*shine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shine over or upon; to illumine.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excel in shining; to outshine.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*shoe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shoe that is
worn over another for protection from wet or for extra warmth; esp.,
an India-rubber shoe; a galoche.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*shoot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overshot</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overshooting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shoot
over or beyond.</def> "Not to <i>overshoot</i> his game."
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass swiftly over; to fly beyond.</def>
<i>Hartle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To exceed; as, to <i>overshoot</i> the
truth.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To overshoot one's self</b></col>, <cd>to venture too far;
to assert too much.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*shoot"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fly beyond
the mark.</def>  <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*shot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>From
<u>Overshoot</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Overshot wheel</b></col>, <cd>a vertical water wheel, the
circumference of which is covered with cavities or buckets, and which
is turned by water which shoots over the top of it, filling the
buckets on the farther side and acting chiefly by its
we'ght.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*sight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Watchful care; superintendence; general supervision.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An overlooking; an omission; an
error.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Escape from an overlooked peril.</def>
[R.] "His fool-happy <i>oversight</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Superintendence; supervision; inspection;
overlooking; inadvertence; neglect; mistake; error; omission.</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*size"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surpass
in size.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*size"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover with
viscid matter.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>O'ersized</i> with coagulate gore.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*skip"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To skip or
leap over; to treat with indifference.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*skirt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An upper
skirt, shorter than the dress, and usually draped.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*slaugh`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>overslag</i>.] <def>A bar in a river; as, the <i>overslaugh</i> in
the Hudson River.</def> [Local, U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*slaugh"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [D.
<i>overslaan</i>.] <def>To hinder or stop, as by an overslaugh or an
impediment; as, to <i>overslaugh</i> a bill in a legislative body; to
<i>overslaugh</i> a military officer, that is, to hinder his
promotion or employment.</def> [Local Cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*sleep"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sleep
beyond; as, to <i>oversleep</i> one's self or one's usual hour of
rising.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*sleep"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sleep too
long.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*slide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To slide
over or by.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*slip"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To slip or
slide over; to pass easily or carelessly beyond; to omit; to neglect;
as, to <i>overslip</i> time or opportunity.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*slop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>oferslop</i>.] <def>An outer garment, or slop.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*slow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
slow; to check; to curb.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*slow"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
slow.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vers*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oversmen</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An overseer; a superintendent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>An umpire; a third
arbiter, appointed when two arbiters, previously selected,
disagree.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*snow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover
with snow, or as with snow.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Shak. Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*soon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Too
soon.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*sor"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To grieve
or afflict to excess.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*soul`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The all-
containing soul.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That unity, that <i>oversout</i>, within which every
man's particular being is contained and made one with all
other.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*sow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ofersawan</i>.] <def>To sow where something has already been
sown.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His enemy came and <i>oversowed</i> cockle among the
wheat.</blockquote> <i>Matt. x&?;ii. 25. (Douay Version).</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*span"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reach or
extend over.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*speak"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ofersprecan</i>.] <def>To exceed in speaking; to speak too much;
to use too many words.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*spin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spin out
to too great length; to protract unduly.</def>  <i>W.
Cartwright.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*spread"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overspread</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overspreading</u>.] [AS. <i>oferspr&aemacr;dan</i>.]
<def>To spread over; to cover; as, the deluge <i>overspread</i> the
earth.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those nations of the North<BR>
Which <i>overspread</i> the world.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*spread"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be spread
or scattered over.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*spring"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spring
or leap over.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*stand"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stand
on the price or conditions of, so as to lose a sale; to lose by an
extravagant price or hard conditions.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What madman would <i>o'erstand</i> his market twice
?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*stare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
outstare.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*stare"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stare
wildly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*state"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overstated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Overstating</u>.] <def>To state in too strong terms; to
exaggerate.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*state"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
exaggerated statement or account.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*stay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overstayed</u> (?) or <u>Overstaid</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Overstaying</u>.] <def>To stay
beyond the time or the limits of; as, to <i>overstay</i> the
appointed time.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*step"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overstepped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overstepping</u>.] [AS. <i>ofersteppan</i>.] <def>To
step over or beyond; to transgress.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stock in
excess.</def>  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*stock"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Overstocked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overstocking</u>.] <def>To fill too full; to supply
in excess; as, to <i>overstock</i> a market with goods, or a farm
with cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*store"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
overstock.</def>  <i>Sir. M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver-sto`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The clearstory, or upper story, of a building.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*strain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overstrained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overstraining</u>.] <def>To strain one's self to
excess.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*strain"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stretch or
strain too much; as to <i>overstrain</i> one's nerves.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*strait"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Too
straitly or strictly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*straw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
overstrew.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*strew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strew
or scatter over.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*strict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively
strict.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*stride"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stride
over or beyond.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*strike"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strike
beyond.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*strow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Overstrew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*stu"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
studious.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*sub"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively
subtile.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*sum`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sum or
quantity over; surplus.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*sup*ply"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
supply in excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*sup*ply`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An excessive
supply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A general <i>oversupply</i> or excess of all
commodities.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*sure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessively
sure.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*sway"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bear
sway over.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*swell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
swell or rise above; to overflow.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"vert</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>overt</i>, F.
<i>ouvert</i>, p. p. of OF. <i>ovrir</i>, F. <i>ouvrir</i>, to open,
of uncertain origin; cf. It. <i>aprire</i>, OIt. also <i>oprire</i>,
L. <i>aperire</i> to open, <i>operire</i> to cover, <i>deoperire</i>
to uncover. Perch. from L. <i>aperire</i> influenced by F.
<i>couvrir</i> to cover.  Cf. <u>Aperient</u>, <u>Cover</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Open to view; public; apparent;
manifest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Overt</i> and apparent virtues bring forth
praise.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Not covert; open; public;
manifest; as, an <i>overt</i> act of treason.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the
testimony of two witnesses to the same <i>overt</i> act, or on
confession in open court.</blockquote>  <i>Constitution of the U.
S.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In criminal law, an <i>overt</i> act is an open done in
pursuance and manifestation of a criminal design; the mere design or
intent not being punishable without such act. In English law, market
<i>overt</i> is an open market; a pound <i>overt</i> is an open,
uncovered pound.</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*take"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Overtook</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Overtaken</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Overtaking</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come up with in a course, pursuit,
progress, or motion; to catch up with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Follow after the men; and when thou dost
<i>overtake</i> them, say . . . Wherefore have ye rewarded evil for
good.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xliv. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had him <i>overtaken</i> in his
flight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come upon from behind; to discover; to
surprise; to capture; to overcome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man be <i>overtaken</i> in a fault.</blockquote>
<i>Gal. vi. 1</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall see<BR>
The winged vengeance <i>overtake</i> such children.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively, in the past
participle (<i>overtaken</i>), drunken.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*talk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To talk to
excess.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*task"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To task too
heavily.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*tax"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tax or to
task too heavily.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*te"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
tedious.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*tempt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tempt
exceedingly, or beyond the power of resistance.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*throw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Overthrew</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Overthrown</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Overthrowing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw over; to overturn; to upset; to
turn upside down.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His wife <i>overthrew</i> the table.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to fall or to fail; to subvert;
to defeat; to make a ruin of; to destroy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the walls of Thebes he
<i>overthrew</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Gloucester] that seeks to <i>overthrow</i>
religion.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To demolish; overturn; prostrate; destroy; ruin;
subvert; overcome; conquer; defeat; discomfit; vanquish; beat;
rout.</p>

<p><hw>O"ver*throw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of overthrowing; the state of being overthrow;
ruin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your sudden <i>overthrow</i> much rueth
me.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1025 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>The
act of throwing a ball too high, as over a player's head.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A faulty return of the ball
by a fielder, so that the striker makes an additional run.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*thwart"</hw> (&omacr;"v&etilde;r*thw&add;rt"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a transverse
position; placed or situated across; hence, opposite.</def> "Our
<i>overthwart</i> neighbors."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Crossing in kind or disposition; perverse;
adverse; opposing.</def> "<i>Overthwart</i> humor."
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*thwart"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Across;
crosswise; transversely.</def> "Y'clenched <i>overthwart</i> and
endelong."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*thwart"</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Across; from
alde to side of.</def> "Huge trees <i>overthwart</i> one another."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*thwart`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
overthwart; an adverse circumstance; opposition.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*thwart"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cross; to
oppose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>O"ver*thwart"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
overthwart manner; across; also, perversely.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*thwart"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being overthwart; perverseness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lord
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*tilt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tilt
over; to overturn.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*time`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Time beyond,
or in excess of, a limit; esp., extra working time.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*tire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tire to
excess; to exhaust.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*tire"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To become too
tired.</def>  <i>Br. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ti"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give
too high a title to.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vert*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Publicly;
openly.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*toil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
overwork.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*toil"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To weary
excessively; to exhaust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then dozed a while herself, but <i>overtoiled</i><BR>
By that day's grief and travel.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*tone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A translation of
G. <i>oberton</i>.  See <u>Over</u>,<u>Tone</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>One of the harmonics faintly heard with and above a tone as it
dies away, produced by some aliquot portion of the vibrating sting or
column of air which yields the fundamental tone; one of the natural
harmonic scale of tones, as the octave, twelfth, fifteenth, etc.; an
aliquot or "partial" tone; a harmonic. See <u>Harmonic</u>, and
<u>Tone</u>.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*top"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overtopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overtopping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rise
above the top of; to exceed in height; to tower above.</def> "To
<i>&?; 'ertop</i> old Pelion."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go beyond; to transcend; to
transgress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If kings presume to <i>overtop</i> the law by which
they reign, . . . they are by law to be reduced into
order.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make of less importance, or throw into
the background, by superior excellence; to dwarf; to obscure.</def>
<i>Becon.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*tow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tower
over or above.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*tow"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To soar too
high.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*trade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To trade
beyond one's capital; to buy goods beyond the means of paying for or
seleng them; to overstock the market.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*trad"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
practice of buying goods beyond the means of payment; a glutting of
the market.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*tread"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>oferiredan</i>.] <def>To tread over or upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*trip"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To trip
over nimbly.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*trou"bled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Excessively troubled.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*trow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be too
trustful or confident; to trust too much.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif
&?;</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*trust`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive
confidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*trust"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To trust
too much.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*ture</hw> (?), [OF. <i>overture</i>, F.
<i>ouverture</i>, fr. OF. <i>ovrir</i>, F. <i>ouvrir</i>. See
<u>Overt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opening or aperture; a
recess; a recess; a chamber.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i> "The cave's
inmost <i>overture</i>."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disclosure; discovery; revelation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It was he<BR>
That made the <i>overture</i> of thy treasons to us.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A proposal; an offer; a proposition
formally submitted for consideration, acceptance, or rejection.</def>
"The great <i>overture</i> of the gospel."  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A composition, for a full
orchestra, designed as an introduction to an oratorio, opera, or
ballet, or as an independent piece; -- called in the latter case a
<i>concert overture</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make an
overture to; as, to <i>overture</i> a religious body on some
subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*turn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overturned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overturning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn or
throw from a basis, foundation, or position; to overset; as, to
<i>overturn</i> a carriage or a building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subvert; to destroy; to
overthrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To overpower; to conquer.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To demolish; overthrow. See <u>Demolish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>O"ver*turn`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act off
overturning, or the state of being overturned or subverted;
overthrow; as, an <i>overturn</i> of parties.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*turn"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being, or liable to be, overturned or subverted.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*turn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
overturns.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*vail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Overveil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*val`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Excessive valuation; overestimate.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*val"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overvalued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overvaluing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To value
excessively; to rate at too high a price.</def> "To <i>overvalue</i>
human power."  <i>Holyday.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exceed in value.</def> [R.]  <i>H.
Brooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*veil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To veil or
cover.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*view`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Survey</u>.] <def>An inspection or overlooking.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*vote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To outvote;
to outnumber in votes given.</def> [R.]  <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*walk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To walk
over or upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*war"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
defeat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*wa"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too wary; too
cautious.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*wash"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
overflow.</def>  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*wast"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wasted or
worn out; &?;onsumed; spent</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*watch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To watch too much.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To weary or exhaust by watching.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*wax"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wax or
grow too rapindly or too much.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R. of
Gloucester.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*weak"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too weak; too
feeble.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*wear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wear too
much; to wear out.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*wea"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To weary
too much; to tire out.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*weath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
expose too long to the influence of the weather.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ween"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>oferw&?;nian</i>. See <u>Over</u>, and <u>Ween</u>.] <def>To think
too highly or arrogantly; to regard one's own thinking or conclusions
too highly; hence, to egotistic, arrogant, or rash, in opinion; to
think conceitedly; to presume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that <i>overween</i>,<BR>
And at thy growing virtues fret their spleen.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ween"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
overweens.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The conceits of warmed or <i>overweening</i>
brain.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ween"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unduly
confident; arrogant; presumptuous; conceited.</def> --
<wf>O`ver*ween"ingly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>Milton.</i> --
<wf>O`ver*ween"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Here's an <i>overweening</i> rogue.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ween"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Conceit;
arrogance.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*weigh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exceed
in weight; to overbalance; to weigh down.</def>  <i>Drayton.
Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*weight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Weight over and above what is required by law
or custom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Superabundance of weight;
preponderance.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*weight"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overweighing;
excessive.</def> [Obs.] "Of no <i>overweight</i> worth."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*well"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
overflow.</def>  <i>R. D. Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*wet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive
wetness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Another ill accident is, <i>overwet</i> at sowing
time.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*whelm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overwhelmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Overwhelming</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover over completely, as by a great
wave; to overflow and bury beneath; to ingulf; hence, figuratively,
to immerse and bear down; to overpower; to crush; to bury; to
oppress, etc., overpoweringly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sea <i>overwhelmed</i> their enemies.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. lxxviii. 53.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fearfulness and trembling are come upon me, and horror
hath <i>overwhelmed</i> me.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lv. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Foul deeds will rise,<BR>
Though all the earth <i>o'erwhelm</i> them.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gaza yet stands; but all her sons are fallen,<BR>
All in a moment <i>overwhelmed</i> and fallen.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To project or impend over
threateningly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His louering brows <i>o'erwhelming</i> his fair
sight.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to surround, to cover.</def>
<i>Papin.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*whelm`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
overwhelming.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>O`ver*whelm"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overpowering;
irresistible.</def> -- <wf>O`ver*whelm"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*wind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wind too
tightly, as a spring, or too far, as a hoisting rope on a
drum.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*wing"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
outflank.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*wise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too wise;
affectedly wise.</def> -- <wf>O`ver*wise"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>O`ver*wise"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*wit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
outwit.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*word"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To say in
too many words; to express verbosely.</def>  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*work"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Overworked</u> (?) or <u>Overwrought</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Overworking</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To work beyond the strength; to cause to
labor too much or too long; to tire excessively; as, to
<i>overwork</i> a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill too full of work; to crowd with
labor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My days with toil are <i>overwrought</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To decorate all over.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*work"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To work too
much, or beyond one's strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*work`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work in excess of
the usual or stipulated time or quantity; extra work; also, excessive
labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*worn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> from
<u>Overwear</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  <def>Worn out or subdued by
toil; worn out so as to be trite.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*wrest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wrest
or force from the natural or proper position.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*wres"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
subdue by wrestling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*wrought</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> from
<u>Overwork</u>. <def>Wrought upon excessively; overworked;
overexcited.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*zeal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excess of
zeal.</def>  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*zeal"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
zealous.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`vi*cap"sule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ov</i>um +
<i>capsule</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat)</i> <def>The outer layer of a
Graafian follicle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>O&ouml;theca</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vi*cell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ovum</i> +
<i>cell</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>One of the dilatations of the
body wall of Bryozoa in which the ova sometimes undegro the first
stages of their development. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Chilostoma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*vic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ov</i>um an
egg.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to an egg.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vi*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ov</i>um +
<i>cyst</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pouch in which incubation
takes place in some Tunicata.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*vid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Latin poet Ovid; resembling the style of
Ovid.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`vi*du"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to oviducts; as, <i>oviducal</i>
glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vi*duct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ov</i>um +
<i>duct</i>: cf. F. <i>oviducte</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A tube, or
duct, for the passage of ova from the ovary to the exterior of the
animal or to the part where further development takes place. In
mammals the oviducts are also called <i>Fallopian
tubes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*vif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ov</i>um +
<i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>ovif&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Egg-bearing; -- applied particularly to certain receptacles, as
in Crustacea, that retain the eggs after they have been excluded from
the formative organs, until they are hatched.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ov</i>um + <i>-
form</i>: cf. F. <i>oviforme</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the
form or figure of an egg; egg-shaped; as, an <i>oviform</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*vig"er*ons</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ov</i>um +
<i>-gerous</i>: cf. F. <i>ovigere</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Bearing
eggs; oviferous.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ovine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ovinus</i>, fr.
<i>ovis</i> sheep: cf. F. <i>ovine</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
sheep; consisting of sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O*vip"a*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Oviparous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An artificial division of
vertebrates, including those that lay eggs; -- opposed to
<i>Vivipara</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`vi*par"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Oviparous</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Generation by means of ova.
See <u>Generation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*vip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oviparus</i>; <i>ovum</i> egg + <i>parere</i> to bring forth: cf.
F. <i>ovipare</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Producing young from rggs;
as, an <i>oviparous</i> animal, in which the egg is generally
separated from the animal, and hatched after exclusion; -- opposed to
<i>viviparous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`vi*pos"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Oviposited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ovipositing</u>.] [See <u>Ovum</u>, and <u>Posit</u>.] <def>To lay
or deposit eggs; -- said esp. of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`vi*pos"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deposit or
lay (an egg).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O`vi*pos"it*ing</hw> (?), <hw>O`vi*po*si"tion</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The depositing of eggs, esp. by
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`vi*pos"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ovum an
egg + positor</i> a placer, fr. <i>ponere</i> to place.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The organ with which many insects and some
other animals deposit their eggs. Some ichneumon files have a long
ovipositor fitted to pierce the eggs or larv&aelig; of other insects,
in order to lay their own eggs within the same.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vi*sac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ov</i>um +
<i>sac</i>.] <i>(Anat)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A Graafian
follicle; any sac containing an ovum or ova.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The inner layer of the fibrous wall of a
Graafian follicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Ovulist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O`vo*coc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ovococci</b></plw> (#). [<i>Ov</i>um + Gr. &?; grain, seed.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A germinal vesicle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O"void</hw> (?), <hw>O*void"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ov</i>um + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F.
<i>ovo&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Resembling an egg in shape; egg-shaped;
ovate; as, an <i>ovoidal</i> apple.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"void</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A solid resembling
an egg in shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vo*lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>ovolo</i>,
<i>uovolo</i>, fr. L. <i>ovum</i> an egg.  Cf. <u>Ovule</u>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A round, convex molding. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Column</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Roman work it is usually a quarter circle in section; in
Greek work it is flatter, and is equivalent to the echinus; that is,
it has in section the elastic curve of the shell of the sea urchin.
In medi&aelig;val architecture it is not distinguishable from the
multitude of convex moldings, of all sections, which are used.</p>

<p><hw>O*vol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ov</i>um + <i>-
logy</i>.  Cf. F. <i>ovologie</i>.] <def>That branch of natural
history which treats of the origin and functions of eggs.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`vo*plas"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ov</i>um +
<i>plasma</i>.] <i>(Boil.)</i> <def>Yolk; egg yolk.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`vo*test"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ovum</u>, and <u>Testis</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An organ
which produces both ova and spermatozoids; an hermaphrodite
gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*vo*vi*vip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ov</i>um
+ <i>viviparous</i>: cf. F. <i>ovovivipare</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Oviparous, but hatching the egg while it is within the body, as
some fishes and reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Relating or belonging to an ovule; as, an <i>ovular</i>
growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vu*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to ovules.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Containing an ovule or ovules.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`vu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phisiol.)</i>
<def>The formation of ova or eggs in the ovary, and the discharge of
the same. In the mammalian female the discharge occurs during
menstruation.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of L. <i>ovum</i>
an egg: cf. F. <i>ovule</i>.  Cf. <u>Ovolo</u>, <u>Ovulum</u>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The rudiment of a seed. It
grows from a placenta, and consists of a soft nucleus within two
delicate coatings. The attached base of the ovule is the
<i>hilum</i>, the coatings are united with the nucleus at the
<i>chalaza</i>, and their minute orifice is the <i>foramen</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An ovum.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`vu*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ovule</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(biol.)</i> <def>Producing ovules.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vu*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
believer in the theory (called <i>encasement theory</i>), current
during the last century, that the egg was the real animal germ, and
that at the time of fecundation the spermatozoa simply gave the
impetus which caused the unfolding of the egg, in which all
generations were inclosed one within the other. Also called
<i>ovist</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vu*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ov</i>um + <i>-
lite</i>.] <def>A fossil egg.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O"vu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ovula</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Ovule</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>An ovule.</def></p>

<p><hw>||O"vum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Ova</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Ovums</b></plw> (#). [L., an
egg. See <u>Oval</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A more
or less spherical and transparent mass of granular protoplasm, which
by a process of multiplication and growth develops into a mass of
cells, constituting a new individual like the parent; an egg, spore,
germ, or germ cell. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Mycropyle</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ovum is a typical cell, with a cell wall, cell
substance, nucleus, and nucleolus. In man and the higher animals the
cell wall, a vertically striated membrane, is called the <i>zona
pellucida</i>; the cell contents, the <i>vitellus</i>; the nucleus,
the <i>germinal vesicle</i>; and the nucleolus, the <i>germinal
spot</i>. The diameter of the ripe ovum in man and the domestic
animals varies between 1-200 and 1-120 of an inch.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the series of egg-
shaped ornaments into which the ovolo is often carved.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1026 !></p>

<p><hw>Owch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ouch</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Speser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Owe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Owed</u> (?), (<u>Ought</u> (&?;) obs.); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Owing</u> (?).] [OE. <i>owen</i>,
<i>awen</i>,<i>aghen</i>, to have, own, have (to do), hence, owe, AS.
<i>&amacr;gan</i> to have; akin to G. <i>eigen</i>, a., own, Icel.
<i>eiga</i> to have, Dan. <i>eie</i>, Sw. <i>&auml;ga</i>, Goth.
<i>&aacute;igan</i>, Skr. &?;. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  Cf. <u>Ought</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, 2d <u>Own</u>, <u>Fraught</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To possess; to have, as the rightful owner;
to own.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou dost here usurp<BR>
The name thou <i>ow'st</i> not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have or possess, as something derived
or bestowed; to be obliged to ascribe (something to some source); to
be indebted or obliged for; as, he <i>owed</i> his wealth to his
father; he <i>owed</i> his victory to his lieutenants.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O deem thy fall not <i>owed</i> to man's
decree.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To have or be under an obigation to
restore, pay, or render (something) in return or compensation for
something received; to be indebted in the sum of; as, the subject
<i>owes</i> allegiance; the fortunate <i>owe</i> assistance to the
unfortunate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The one <i>ought</i> five hundred pence, and the other
fifty.</blockquote> <i>Bible (1551).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A son <i>owes</i> help and honor to his
father.</blockquote> <i>Holyday.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Owe</i> was sometimes followed by an objective clause
introduced by the infinitive. "Ye <i>owen</i> to incline and bow your
heart."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have an obligation to (some one) on
account of something done or received; to be indebted to; as, to
<i>iwe</i> the grocer for supplies, or a laborer for
services.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ow"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>oel</i>,
<i>owel</i>, <i>iwel</i>,<i>ivel</i>, F. <i>&eacute;gal</i>, fr. L.
<i>aequalis</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Equal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ow"el*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>oelt&eacute;</i>, <i>ivelt&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Equality; -- sometimes written <i>ovelty</i> and
<i>ovealty</i>.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ow"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[See <u>Own</u>.]
<def>Own.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ow"en*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower of
Robert <i>Owen</i>, who tried to reorganize society on a socialistic
basis, and established an industrial community on the Clyde,
Scotland, and, later, a similar one in Indiana.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"wher</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&amacr;hw&aelig;r</i>.] <def>Anywhere.</def> [Obs.] "If he found
<i>owher</i> a good fellow."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ow`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Used in a
passive sense for <i>owed</i> (AS. <i>&amacr;gen</i>. See
<u>Own</u>).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Had or held under obligation of
paying; due.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is more <i>owing</i> her than is
paid.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Had or experienced as a consequence,
result, issue, etc.; ascribable; -- with <i>to</i>; as, misfortunes
are often <i>owing</i> to vices; his failure was <i>owing</i> to
speculations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Owl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&umacr;le</i>; akin
to D. <i>uil</i>, OHG. <i>&umacr;wila</i>, G. <i>eule</i>, Icel.
<i>ugla</i>, Sw. <i>ugla</i>, Dan. <i>ugle</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
raptorial birds of the family <i>Strigid&aelig;</i>. They have large
eyes and ears, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye.
They are mostly nocturnal in their habits.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some species have erectile tufts of feathers on the head.
The feathers are soft and somewhat downy. The species are numerous.
See <i>Barn owl</i>, <i>Burrowing owl</i>, <i>Eared owl</i>, <i>Hawk
owl</i>, <i>Horned owl</i>, <i>Screech owl</i>, <i>Snowy owl</i>,
under <u>Barn</u>, <u>Burrowing</u>, etc.</p>

<p>&fist; In the Scriptures the owl is commonly associated with
desolation; poets and story-tellers introduce it as a bird of ill
omen.  . . . The Greeks and Romans made it the emblem of wisdom, and
sacred to Minerva, -- and indeed its large head and solemn eyes give
it an air of wisdom.  <i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of the
domestic pigeon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Owl monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of South American nocturnal monkeys of the genus
<i>Nyctipithecus</i>. They have very large eyes. Called also
<i>durukuli</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Owl moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very large moth (<i>Erebus strix</i>). The
expanse of its wings is over ten inches.</cd> -- <col><b>Owl
parrot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the kakapo.</cd> --
<col><b>Sea owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the lumpfish.</cd>
-- <col><b>Owl train</b></col>, <cd>a cant name for certain railway
trains whose run is in the nighttime.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Owl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Owled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Owling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pry about; to prowl.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry wool or sheep out of
England.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; This was formerly illegal, and was done chiefly by
night.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to carry on any contraband
trade.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Owl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Owl</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>One who owls; esp., one who conveys
contraband goods. See <u>Owling</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]  <i>T. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Owl"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Owleries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>An abode or a haunt of
owls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Owl"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>owl</i>.
Cf. <u>Howlet</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small owl; especially,
the European species (<i>Athene noctua</i>), and the California
flammulated owlet (<i>Megascops flammeolus</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Owlet moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any noctuid
moth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Owl"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having eyes
like an owl's.</def></p>

<p><hw>Owl"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Owl</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>The offense of
transporting wool or sheep out of England contrary to the statute
formerly existing.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Owl"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling, or
characteristic of, an owl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Owl"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Affected wisdom;
pompous dullness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Owl"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Glimmering or
imperfect light.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Own</hw> (&omacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>unnen</i>
to grant, permit, be pleased with, AS. <i>unnan</i> to grant; akin to
OS. <i>giunnan</i>, G. <i>g&ouml;nnen</i>, Icel. <i>unna</i>; of
uncertain origin. This word has been confused with <i>own</i> to
possess.] <def>To grant; to acknowledge; to admit to be true; to
confess; to recognize in a particular character; as, we <i>own</i>
that we have forfeited your love.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wakeful bloodhound rose, and shook his hide;<BR>
But his sagacious eye an inmate <i>owns</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Own</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>owen</i>, <i>awen</i>,
<i>auen</i>, <i>aughen</i>, AS. <i>&amacr;gen</i>, p. p. of
<i>&amacr;gan</i> to possess; akin to OS. <i>&emacr;gan</i>, G. &amp; D.
<i>eigen</i>, Icel. <i>eiginn</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>egen</i>.
&radic;110.  See <u>Owe</u>.] <def>Belonging to; belonging
exclusively or especially to; peculiar; -- most frequently following
a possessive pronoun, as <i>my</i>, <i>our</i>, <i>thy</i>,
<i>your</i>, <i>his</i>, <i>her</i>, <i>its</i>, <i>their</i>, in
order to emphasize or intensify the idea of property, peculiar
interest, or exclusive ownership; as, my <i>own</i> father; my
<i>own</i> composition; my <i>own</i> idea; at my <i>own</i>
price.</def> "No man was his <i>own</i> [<i>i. e.</i>, no man was
master of himself, or in possession of his senses]."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To hold one's own</b></col>, <cd>to keep or maintain one's
possessions; to yield nothing; esp., to suffer no loss or
disadvantage in a contest.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Own</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Owned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Owning</u>.] [OE. <i>ohnien</i>, <i>ahnien</i>, AS.
<i>&amacr;gnian</i>, fr. <i>&amacr;gen</i> own, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
See <u>Own</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To hold as property; to
have a legal or rightful title to; to be the proprietor or possessor
of; to possess; as, to <i>own</i> a house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Own"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who owns; a
rightful proprietor; one who has the legal or rightful title, whether
he is the possessor or not.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Own"er*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without an
owner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Own"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
an owner; the right to own; exclusive right of possession; legal or
just claim or title; proprietorship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Owre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&umacr;r</i>; akin
to G. <i>auer</i>ochs, OHG. <i>&umacr;r</i>, <i>&umacr;r</i>ohso,
Icel. <i>&umacr;rr</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The aurochs.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Owse</hw> (ouz), <hw>Ow"ser</hw> (ou"z&etilde;r), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tanner's ooze. See <u>Ooze</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox</hw> (&obreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Oxen</b></plw> (#). [AS. <i>oxa</i>; akin to D. <i>os</i>. G.
<i>ochs</i>, <i>ochse</i>, OHG. <i>ohso</i>, Icel. <i>oxi</i>, Sw. &
Dan. <i>oxe</i>, Goth. <i>a&uacute;hsa</i>, Skr. <i>ukshan</i> ox,
bull; cf. Skr. <i>uksh</i> to sprinkle. &radic;214.  Cf.
<u>Humid</u>, <u>Aurochs</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male of
bovine quadrupeds, especially the domestic animal when castrated and
grown to its full size, or nearly so. The word is also applied, as a
general name, to any species of bovine animals, male and
female.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All sheep and <i>oxen</i>, yea, and the beasts of the
field.</blockquote> <i>Ps. viii. 7.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The castrated male is called a <i>steer</i> until it
attains its full growth, and then, an <i>ox</i>; but if castrated
somewhat late in life, it is called a <i>stag</i>. The male, not
castrated, is called a <i>bull</i>. These distinctions are well
established in regard to domestic animals of this genus.  When wild
animals of this kind are spoken of, <i>ox</i> is often applied both
to the male and the female. The name <i>ox</i> is never applied to
the individual <i>cow</i>, or female, of the domestic kind.
<i>Oxen</i> may comprehend both the male and the female.</p>

<p><col><b>Grunting ox</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
yak.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian ox</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
zebu.</cd> -- <col><b>Javan ox</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
banteng.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk ox</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Musk</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ox bile</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Ox gall</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Ox gall</b></col>, <cd>the
fresh gall of the domestic ox; -- used in the arts and in
medicine.</cd> -- <col><b>Ox pith</b></col>, <cd>ox marrow.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Marston.</i> -- <col><b>Ox ray</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very large ray (<i>Dicerobatis
Giorn&aelig;</i>) of Southern Europe. It has a hornlike organ
projecting forward from each pectoral fin. It sometimes becomes
twenty feet long and twenty-eight feet broad, and weighs over a ton.
Called also <i>sea devil</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To have the black ox
tread on one's foot</b></col>, <cd>to be unfortunate; to know what
sorrow is (because black oxen were sacrificed to Pluto).</cd>
<i>Leigh Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ox`ac"id</hw> (&obreve;ks`&abreve;s"&ibreve;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Oxyacid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"a*lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Alloxan</u>,
by transposition of letters.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A complex
nitrogenous substance
C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O<sub>3</sub> obtained from
alloxan (or when urea is fused with ethyl oxamate), as a stable white
crystalline powder; -- called also <i>oxaluramide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`a*lan"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Alloxantin</u>, by transposition of letters.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white crystalline nitrogenous substance
(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>5</sub>)  obtained by
the reduction of parabanic acid; -- called also <i>leucoturic
acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"a*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>oxalate</i>. See <u>Oxalic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of
oxalic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*al"de*hyde</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxa</i>lic +
<i>aldehyde</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Glyoxal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`al*eth"yl*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxal</i>ic
+ <i>ethyl</i> + <i>-ine</i>.] <def>A poisonous nitrogenous base
(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>10</sub>N<sub>2</sub>) obtained indirectly from
oxamide as a thick transparent oil which has a strong narcotic odor,
and a physiological action resembling that of atropine. It is
probably related to pyridine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*al"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Oxalis</u>:
cf. F. <i>oxalique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived
from, or contained in, sorrel, or oxalis; specifically, designating
an acid found in, and characteristic of, oxalis, and also certain
plant of the Buckwheat family.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oxalic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a dibasic acid,
existing combined in oxalis as an acid potassium oxalate, and in many
plant tissues as the calcium oxalate. It is prepared on a large
scale, by the action of fused caustic soda or potash on sawdust, as a
white crystalline substance, which has a strong acid taste, and is
poisonous in large doses. It is used in dyeing, calico printing,
bleaching flax and straw, the preparation of formic acid, and in
salts of lemon for removing ink stains, mold, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ox"a*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gly<i>oxal + -
ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Glyoxaline</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"a*lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of sorrel,
Gr. &?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?; sharp, pungent, acid.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of plants, mostly herbs, with acid-tasting trifoliolate
or multifoliolate leaves; -- called also <i>wood
sorrel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"a*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
yellow mineral consisting of oxalate of iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`a*lur*am"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Oxaluric</i> + <i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Oxalan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`a*lur"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of oxaluric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`a*lur"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oxal</i>yl +
<i>urea</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a
complex nitrogenous acid related to the ureids, and obtained from
parabanic acid as a white silky crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"a*lyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxal</i>ic + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A hydrocarbon
radical (C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) regarded as a residue of oxalic
acid and occurring in derivatives of it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An old name for <i>carbonyl</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>An old name for <i>carboxyl</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*am"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of oxamic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`a*meth"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxam</i>ic +
<i>eth</i>yl.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Ethyl oxamate, obtained as a white
scaly crystalline powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`a*meth"yl*ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxam</i>ic
+ <i>methyl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Methyl oxamate, obtained as a
pearly white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*am"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ox</i>alic +
<i>am</i>ido] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an
acid NH<sub>2</sub>.C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>.HO obtained as a fine
crystalline powder, intermediate between oxalic acid and oxamide. Its
ammonium salt is obtained by boiling oxamide with ammonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*am"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n</i></pos>, [<i>Ox</i>alic +
<i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline neutral
substance (C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>)
obtained by treating ethyl oxalate with ammonia. It is the acid amide
of oxalic acid.  Formerly called also <i>oxalamide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*am"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ox</i>ygen +
<i>amido</i> + <i>-ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a series of
bases containing the amido and the isonitroso groups united to the
same carbon atom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`a*nil*am"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Oxanil</i>ic + <i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white
crystalline nitrogenous substance, obtained indirectly by the action
of cyanogen on aniline, and regarded as an anilide of oxamic acid; --
called also <i>phenyl oxamide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*an"i*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of oxanilic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`an*il"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ox</i>alic +
<i>anil</i>ine.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from,
oxalic acid and aniline; -- used to designate an acid obtained in
white crystalline scales by heating these substances
together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*an"i*lide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ox</i>alic +
<i>anil</i>ine + am<i>ide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white
crystalline substance, resembling oxanilamide, obtained by heating
aniline oxalate, and regarded as a double anilide of oxalic acid; --
called also <i>diphenyl oxamide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"bane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
poisonous bulbous plant (<i>Buphane toxicaria</i>) of the Cape of
Good Hope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The dunlin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>
The sanderling.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An African weaver bird
(<i>Textor alector</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"bit`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The cow blackbird.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ox"bow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A frame of wood,
bent into the shape of the letter <universbold>U</universbold>, and
embracing an ox's neck as a kind of collar, the upper ends passing
through the bar of the yoke; also, anything so shaped, as a bend in a
river.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ox</i> +
<i>eye</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The oxeye daisy. See under <u>Daisy</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The corn camomile (<i>Anthemis
arvensis</i>).</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A genus of composite
plants (<i>Buphthalmum</i>) with large yellow flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def> A
titmouse, especially the great titmouse (<i>Parus major</i>) and the
blue titmouse (<i>P. c&oelig;ruleus</i>).</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The dunlin.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
fish; the bogue, or box.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Creeping oxeye</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>a West Indian
composite plant (<i>Wedelia carnosa</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Seaside
oxeye</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian composite shrub
(<i>Borrichia arborescens</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ox"*eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having large,
full eyes, like those of an ox.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ox"fly`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The gadfly of cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"ford</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the city or university of Oxford, England.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oxford movement</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Tractarianism</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Oxford School</b></col>, <cd>a
name given to those members of the Church of England who adopted the
theology of the so-called Oxford "Tracts for the Times," issued the
period 1833 -- 1841.</cd> <i>Shipley.</i> -- <col><b>Oxford
tie</b></col>, <cd>a kind of shoe, laced on the instep, and usually
covering the foot nearly to the ankle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ox"gang`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ox</i> +
<i>gang</i>, n., 1.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>See
<u>Bovate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"goad`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A goad for
driving oxen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Hogshead</u>.]
<def>Literally, the head of an ox (emblem of cuckoldom); hence, a
dolt; a blockhead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dost make a mummer of me, <i>oxhead</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ox"heal`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Bear's-foot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"heart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large heart-
shaped cherry, either black, red, or white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"hide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The skin of an ox, or leather made from it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A measure of land.
See 3d <u>Hide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Oxide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`i*da*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>oxydabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Capability of being converted into
an oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"i*da*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>oxydable</i>.] <def>Capable of being converted into an
oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Oxidated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Oxidating</u>.] [Cf. f. <i>oxyder</i>. See <u>Oxide</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To oxidize.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ox`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>oxidation</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of
oxidizing, or the state or result of being oxidized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"i*da`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An oxidizer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance for causing a current of air
to impinge on the flame of the Argand lamp; -- called also
<i>oxygenator</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1027 !></p>

<p><hw>Ox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ox</i>yg&egrave;ne oxygen + ac<i>ide</i> acid: cf. F.
<i>oxyde</i>. The French word was correctly spelt <i>oxide</i>, till
about the year 1840, when, in ignorance or forgetfulness of the true
history and composition of the word, the orthography was change to
make it represent the <i>&upsilon;</i> of Gr. <grk>'oxy`s</grk>, from
which it was supposed to be directly derived.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
binary compound of oxygen with an atom or radical, or a compound
which is regarded as binary; as, iron <i>oxide</i>, ethyl
<i>oxide</i>, nitrogen <i>oxide</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the chemical nomenclature adopted by Guyton de Morveau,
Lavoisier,and their associates, the term <i>oxides</i> was made to
include all compounds of <i>oxygen</i> which had no acid (F.
<i>acide</i>) properties, as contrasted with the acids, all of which
were at that time supposed to contain oxygen. The orthography
<i>oxyde</i>, <i>oxyd</i>, etc., was afterwards introduced in
ignorance or disregard of the true etymology, but these forms are now
obsolete in English. The spelling <i>oxid</i> is not common.</p>

<p><hw>Ox"i*di`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being oxidized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"i*dize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Oxidized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Oxidizing</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To combine with oxygen, or
subject to the action of oxygen, or of an oxidizing agent.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To combine with oxygen or with
more oxygen; to add oxygen to; as, to <i>oxidize</i> nitrous acid so
as to form nitric acid.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To remove
hydrogen from (anything), as by the action of oxygen; as, to
<i>oxidize</i> alcohol so as to form aldehyde.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To subject to the action of oxygen or of an
oxidizing agent, so as to bring to a higher grade, as an <i>-ous</i>
compound to an <i>-ic</i> compound; as, to <i>oxidize</i> mercurous
chloride to <i>mercuric</i> chloride.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In certain cases <i>to oxidize</i> is identical with <i>to
acidify</i>; for, in nearly all cases, the more oxygen a substance
contains the more nearly does it approximate to acid qualities; thus,
by oxidation many elements, as sulphur, nitrogen, carbon, chromium,
manganese, etc., pass into compounds which are acid anhydrides, and
thus practically in the acid state.</p>

<p><hw>Ox"i*dize`ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Oxidation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ox"i*di`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An agent employed in oxidation, or which facilitates or brings
about combination with oxygen; as, nitric acid, chlorine, bromine,
etc., are strong <i>oxidizers</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*id"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Existing in the state of a protoxide; -- said of an oxide.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ox"ime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One
of a series of isonitroso derivatives obtained by the action of
hydroxylamine on aldehydes or ketones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*in"dol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ox</i>ygen +
<i>indol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline nitrogenous
substance (C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO) of the indol group, obtained
by the reduction of dioxindol. It is a so-called <i>lactam</i>
compound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`i*od"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ox</i>y-
(<sd><i>a</i></sd>) + <i>iodic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, or designating, certain compounds of iodine and oxygen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"like</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characteristic of,
or like, an ox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"lip`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>oxanslyppe</i>.
See <u>Ox</u>, and <u>Cowslip</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The great
cowslip (<i>Primula veris</i>, var. <i>elatior</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"o*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of oxonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*o"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to the city or the university of Oxford, England.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ox*o"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A student or
graduate of Oxford University, in England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prob.
gly<i>ox</i>alic + carb<i>onic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, or designating, a complex nitrogenous acid
(C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>5</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) not known in
the free state, but obtained, in combination with its salts, by a
slow oxidation of uric acid, to which it is related.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"peck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An African bird of the genus <i>Buphaga</i>; the
beefeater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"shoe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shoe for oxen,
consisting of a flat piece of iron nailed to the hoof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&omacr;hsta</i>.] <def>The armpit; also, the arm.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Ox"tongue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name given to several plants, from the shape and roughness of their
leaves; as, <i>Anchusa officinalis</i>, a kind of bugloss, and
<i>Helminthia echioides</i>, both European herbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"y-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix, also used
adjectively</def>, designating: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A compound
containing <i>oxygen</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A compound
containing the <i>hydroxyl group</i>, more properly designated by
<i>hydroxy-</i>. See <u>Hydroxy-</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oxy acid</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Oxyacid</u>
(below).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*a*ce"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
(<i>b</i>) + <i>acetic</i>.] <def>Hydroxyacetic; designating an acid
called also <i>glycolic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> + <i>acid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An acid
containing oxygen, as chloric acid or sulphuric acid; -- contrasted
with the <i>hydracids</i>, which contain no oxygen, as hydrochloric
acid. See <u>Acid</u>, and <u>Hydroxy-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*am*mo"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> + <i>ammonia</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hydroxylamine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*ben"zene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> + <i>benzene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Hydroxy
benzene. Same as <u>Phenol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*ben*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> + <i>benzoic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Hydroxybenzoic; pertaining to, or designating, any one of
several hydroxyl derivatives of benzonic acid, of which the commonest
is salicylic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*bro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> + <i>bromic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, or designating, certain compounds of oxygen and
bromine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*bu*tyr"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> + <i>butyric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Hydroxybutyric; designating any one of a group of metameric
acids (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>.OH.CO<sub>2</sub>H).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*cal"ci*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> + <i>calcium</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
oxygen and calcium; as, the <i>oxycalcium</i> light. See <u>Drummond
light</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*ca*pro"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Leucic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*chlo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> + <i>chloric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating in
general, certain compounds containing oxygen and chlorine.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Formerly designating an acid now called
<i>perchloric acid</i>. See <u>Perchloric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*chlo"ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> + <i>chloride</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A ternary
compound of oxygen and chlorine; as, plumbic
<i>oxychloride</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"y*crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;;&?;&?;&?;&?; acid + &?;&?;&?;&?; to mix: cf. F.
<i>oxycrat</i>.] <i>(med.)</i> <def>A Mixture of water and
vinegar.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*cy"mene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> + <i>cymene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Hydroxy
cymene. Same as <u>Carvacrol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"y*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>oxyg&egrave;ne</i>, from Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; sharp, acid + root of
&?;&?;&?;&?; to be born. So called because originally supposed to be
an essential part of every <i>acid</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless, tasteless,
odorless, gaseous element occurring in the free state in the
atmosphere, of which it forms about 23 per cent by weight and about
21 per cent by volume, being slightly heavier than nitrogen. Symbol
O. Atomic weight 15.96.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It occurs combined in immense quantities, forming eight
ninths by weight of water, and probably one half by weight of the
entire solid crust of the globe, being an ingredient of silica, the
silicates, sulphates, carbonates, nitrates, etc. Oxygen combines with
all elements (except fluorine), forming oxides, bases, oxyacid
anhydrides, etc., the process in general being called
<i>oxidation</i>, of which <i>combustion</i> is only an intense
modification. At ordinary temperatures with most substances it is
moderately active, but at higher temperatures it is one of the most
violent and powerful chemical agents known. It is indispensable in
respiration, and in general is the most universally active and
efficient element. It may be prepared in the pure state by heating
potassium chlorate.</p>

<p>    This element (called <i>dephlogisticated air</i> by Priestley)
was named <i>oxygen</i> by Lavoisier because he supposed it to be a
constituent of all acids. This is not so in the case of a very few
acids (as <i>hydrochloric</i>, <i>hydrobromic</i>, <i>hydric
sulphide</i>, etc.), but these do contain elements analogous to
oxygen in property and action. Moreover, the fact that most elements
approach the nearer to <i>acid</i> qualities in proportion as they
are combined with more oxygen, shows the great accuracy and breadth
of Lavoisier's conception of its nature.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Chlorine used in bleaching.</def>
[Manufacturing name]</p>

<p><hw>Ox"y*gen*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Oxygenated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Oxygenating</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>oxyg&eacute;ner</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To unite, or cause to
combine, with oxygen; to treat with oxygen; to oxidize; as,
<i>oxygenated</i> water (hydrogen dioxide).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*gen*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>oxyg&eacute;nation</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of
combining or of treating with oxygen; oxidation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"y*gen*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
oxidizer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, containing, or resembling, oxygen; producing
oxygen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ox`y*ge"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The technical name of oxygen.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ox"y*gen*i"za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Oxidizable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"y*gen*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Oxygenized</u> (?); <pos><i>p pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Oxygenizing</u> (?).] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To
oxidize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"y*gen*ize`ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Oxidation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*yg"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Oxygenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"y*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
sharp + &?;&?;&?; an angle: cf.F. <i>oxygone</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>A triangle having three acute angles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ox*yg"o*nal</hw> (?), <hw>Ox`y*go"ni*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having acute angles.</def>
<i>Barlow.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ox`Y*h&aelig;m`a*cy"a*nin</hw> (?),
<hw>Ox`y*h&aelig;m`o*cy"a*nin</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Oxy-</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> + <i>h&aelig;macyanin</i>,
<i>h&aelig;mocyanin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>H&aelig;macyanin</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ox`y*h&aelig;m`o*glo"bin</hw>, <hw>Ox`y*hem`o*glo"bin</hw>
} (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> +
<i>h&aelig;moglobin</i>, <i>hemoglobin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Hemoglobin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*hy"dro*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> + <i>hydrogen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a mixture of oxygen and hydrogen; as,
<i>oxyhydrogen</i> gas.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oxyhydrogen blowpipe</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Blowpipe</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Oxyhydrogen microscope</b></col>,
<cd>a form of microscope arranged so as to use the light produced by
burning lime or limestone under a current of oxyhydrogen
gas.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ox"y*mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>oxymeli</i>,
Gr. &?;&?;&?;; &?;&?;&?;&?; acid + &?;&?;&?; honey.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A mixture of honey, water, vinegar, and spice, boiled to a
sirup.</def>  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*meth"yl*ene</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> + <i>methylene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Formic
aldehyde, regarded as a methylene derivative.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ox`y*mo"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?; pointedly foolish; &?;&?;&?; sharp +
&?;&?;&?; foolish.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure in which an epithet
of a contrary signification is added to a word; e. g., <i>cruel
kindness</i>; <i>laborious idleness</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*mu"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of the supposed oxymuriatic acid; a
chloride.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oxymuriate of lime</b></col>, <cd>chloride of
lime.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*mu`ri*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> + <i>muriatic</i>:  cf. F. <i>oxymuriatique</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or consisting of, oxygen and
muriatic acid, that is, hydrochloric acid.</def> [Archaic.]</p>

<p><col><b>Oxymuriatic acid</b></col>, <cd>chlorine, formerly so
called on the supposition that it was a compound of oxygen and
muriatic acid.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*neu"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Betaine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*yn"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; to
make acid.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Acid; producing acid; -applied
especially to certain glands and cells in the stomach.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ox`y*o"pi*a</hw> (?), <hw>Ox"y*o`py</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>oxyopia</i>, from Gr. &?;&?;&?; sharp +
&?;&?;&?; sight.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Excessive acuteness of
sight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*phe"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy- (b)</i>
+ <i>phenol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
the phenol formerly called <i>oxyphenic acid</i>, and now
<i>oxyphenol</i> and <i>pyrocatechin</i>. See
<u>Pyrocatechin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*phe"nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A phenol, &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;, produced by the distillation of
catechin; called also <i>oxyphenic acid</i>, and now
<i>pyrocatechin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*yph"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
sharp + &?;&?;&?;&?; voice.] <def>Acuteness or shrillness of
voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*quin"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> + <i>quinoline</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Hydroxy
quinoline; a phenol derivative of quinoline, -- called also
<i>carbostyril</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ox`y*rhyn"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr.&?;&?;&?;&?; sharp + &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; snout.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The maioid crabs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox*yr"rho*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
(sc. &?;&?;&?;); <grk>'oxy`s</grk> acid + &?;&?;&?;&?; made of roses,
&?;&?;&?;&?; rose.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A mixture of two parts of the
oil of roses with one of the vinegar of roses.</def>
<i>Floyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ox"y*salt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> + <i>salt</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of an
oxyacid, as a sulphate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A ternary compound of oxygen and sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*sul"phu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An oxysulphide.</def> [Obsolescent]</p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*toc"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
sharp, quick + &?;&?;&?;&?; birth.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Promoting
uterine contractions, or parturition.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An oxytocic medicine or agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*tol"u*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Oxy-</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> + <i>toluene</i>.] <def>One of three hydroxy
derivatives of toluene, called the <i>cresols</i>. See
<u>Cresol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"y*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;;
&?;&?;&?; sharp + &?;&?;&?; tone.] <def>Having an acute sound;
<i>(Gr. Gram.)</i>, having an acute accent on the last
syllable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox"y*tone</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An acute sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Gram.)</i> <def>A word having the acute
accent on the last syllable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*ton"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Gr.
Gram.)</i> <def>Oxytone.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"yer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Anglo F., a hearing,
from OF. <i>o&iuml;r</i>, F. <i>ou&iuml;r</i>, to hear, L.
<i>audire</i>. See <u>Audible</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A hearing or an
inspection, as of a deed, bond, etc., as when a defendant in court
prays <i>oyer</i> of a writing.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Oyer and terminer</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a term used
in England in commissions directed to judges of assize about to hold
court, directing them to hear and determine cases brought before
them. In the U.S. the phrase is used to designate certain criminal
courts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O"yez`</hw> (&omacr;y&ebreve;s; 277),
<pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Anglo-F. <i>oyez</i> hear ye. See
<u>Oyer</u>.] <def>Hear; attend; -- a term used by criers of courts
to secure silence before making a proclamation. It is repeated three
times.</def> [Written also <i>oyes</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Oy"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Eyelet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Eyelet</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Oillet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oy"noun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Onion.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Oys"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>oistre</i>, F.
<i>hu&icirc;tre</i>, L. <i>ostrea</i>, <i>ostreum</i>, Gr.
<grk>'o`streon</grk>; prob. akin to <grk>'ostre`on</grk> bone, the
oyster being so named from its shell.  Cf. <u>Osseous</u>,
<u>Ostracize</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
marine bivalve mollusk of the genus Ostrea. They are usually found
adhering to rocks or other fixed objects in shallow water along the
seacoasts, or in brackish water in the mouth of rivers. The common
European oyster (<i>Ostrea edulis</i>), and the American oyster
(<i>Ostrea Virginiana</i>), are the most important species.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A name popularly given to the delicate
morsel contained in a small cavity of the bone on each side of the
lower part of the back of a fowl.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fresh-water oyster</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
species of the genus <i>Etheria</i>, and allied genera, found in
rivers of Africa and South America.  They are irregular in form, and
attach themselves to rocks like oysters, but they have a pearly
interior, and are allied to the fresh-water mussels.</cd> --
<col><b>Oyster bed</b></col>, <cd>a breeding place for oysters; a
place in a tidal river or other water on or near the seashore, where
oysters are deposited to grow and fatten for market. See 1st
<u>Scalp</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Oyster
catcher</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species
of wading birds of the genus <i>H&aelig;matopus</i>, which frequent
seashores and feed upon shellfish. The European species (<i>H.
ostralegus</i>), the common American species (<i>H. palliatus</i>),
and the California, or black, oyster catcher (<i>H. Bachmani</i>) are
the best known.</cd> -- <col><b>Oyster crab</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>a small crab (<i>Pinnotheres ostreum</i>)
which lives as a commensal in the gill cavity of the oyster.</cd> --
<col><b>Oyster dredge</b></col>, <cd>a rake or small dragnet of
bringing up oyster from the bottom of the sea.</cd> -- <col><b>Oyster
fish</b></col>. (<i>Zo&ouml;l</i>.) <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
tautog.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The toadfish.</cd> --
<col><b>Oyster plant</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A plant of the genus <i>Tragopogon</i> (<i>T. porrifolius</i>),
the root of which, when cooked, somewhat resembles the oyster in
taste; salsify;</cd> -- called also <i>vegetable oyster</i>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A plant found on the seacoast of Northern
Europe, America and Asia (<i>Mertensia maritima</i>), the fresh
leaves of which have a strong flavor of oysters.</cd> --
<col><b>Oyster plover</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Oyster catcher</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Oyster shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the shell of an oyster.</cd> --
<col><b>Oyster wench</b></col>, <col><b>Oyster wife</b></col>,
<col><b>Oyster women</b></col>, <cd>a women who deals in
oysters.</cd> -- <col><b>Pearl oyster</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Pearl</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Thorny oyster</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any spiny marine shell of the genus
<i>Spondylus</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Oys"ter-green`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A green membranous seaweed (<i>Ulva</i>) often found growing on
oysters but common on stones, piles, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oys"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gathering, or
dredging for, oysters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oys"ter*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young oyster.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1028 !></p>

<p><hw>O*ze"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>ozaena</i>, Gr. <grk>'o`zaina</grk>, fr. <grk>'o`zein</grk> to
smell.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A discharge of fetid matter from the
nostril, particularly if associated with ulceration of the soft parts
and disease of the bones of the nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`zo*ce"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'o`zein</grk> to smell + &?; wax.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A waxlike
mineral resin; -- sometimes called <i>native paraffin</i>, and
<i>mineral wax</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`zo*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The act of treating with ozone; also, the act of converting
into, or producing, ozone; ozonization.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"zone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'o`zwn</grk>
smelling, p. pr. of <grk>'o`zein</grk> to smell. See <u>Odor</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless gaseous substance (O&?;) obtained (as
by the silent discharge of electricity in oxygen) as an allotropic
form of oxygen, containing three atoms in the molecule. It is a
streng oxidizer, and probably exists in the air, though by he
ordinary tests it is liable to be confused with certain other
substances, as hydrogen dioxide, or certain oxides of nitrogen. It
derives its name from its peculiar odor, which resembles that of weak
chlorine.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*zon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, resembling, or containing, ozone.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*zo`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Ozone</i> + L. <i>-ficare</i> to make. See <u>fy</u>. ]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of producing, or of subjecting
to the action of, ozone.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`zo*ni*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Ozonation.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"zo*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ozonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ozonizing</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To convert
into ozone, as oxygen.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To treat with
ozone.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"zo*ni`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An apparatus or agent for the production or application of
ozone.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`zo*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ozone</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for ascertaining the amount of
ozone in the atmosphere, or in any gaseous mixture.</def>
<i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>O`zo*no*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or used for, the determination of the amount of
ozone; of or relating to ozonometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`zo*nom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The measurement or determination of the quantity of
ozone.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*zo"no*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ozone</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An apparatus employed to indicate
the presence, or the amount, of ozone.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*zo`no*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ozone</i> +
Gr. &?; to view.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Serving to indicate the
presence or the amount of ozone.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"zo*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to or
containing, ozone.</def></p>

<p><point26>P.</point26></p>

<p><hw>P</hw> (p&emacr;), <def>the sixteenth letter of the English
alphabet, is a nonvocal consonant whose form and value come from the
Latin, into which language the letter was brought, through the ancient
Greek, from the Ph&oelig;nician, its probable origin being Egyptian.
Etymologically P is most closely related to <i>b</i>, <i>f</i>, and
<i>v</i>; as ho<i>bb</i>le, ho<i>pp</i>le; <i>f</i>ather,
<i>p</i>aternal; reci<i>p</i>ient, recei<i>v</i>e. See <u>B</u>,
<u>F</u>, and <u>M</u>.</def></p>

<p>See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 247, 248, and 184-
195.</p>

<p><hw>Pa</hw> (p&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shortened form
of <u>Papa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"age</hw> (p&amacr;"&asl;j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>paage</i>, <i>paiage</i>, F. <i>p&eacute;age</i>, fr. (assumed) LL.
<i>pedaticum</i>, fr. L. <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot. See
<u>Pedage</u>, <u>Pedal</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A toll for
passage over another person's grounds.</def> [Written also
<i>peage</i> and <i>pedage</i>.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Paard</hw> (p&auml;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D., a horse.]
<def>The zebra.</def> [S. Africa]</p>

<p><hw>Paas</hw> (p&auml;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pace</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer</i></p>

<p><hw>Paas</hw> (p&add;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>paash</i>. See
<u>Pasch</u>.] <def>The Easter festival.</def> [Local, U. S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Paas egg</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Easter egg</i>, under
<u>Easter</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pab"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pabularis</i>.]
<def>Of, pertaining to, or fit for, pabulum or food; affording
food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pab`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pabulatio</i>, fr. <i>pabulari</i> to feed, fr. <i>pabulum</i>
food. See <u>Pabulum</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of feeding, or providing
food.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Food; fodder; pabulum.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pab"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pabulosus</i>.] <def>Affording pabulum, or food; alimental.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pab"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., akin to
<i>pascere</i> to pasture. See <u>Pastor</u>.] <def>The means of
nutriment to animals or plants; food; nourishment; hence, that which
feeds or sustains, as fuel for a fire; that upon which the mind or
soul is nourished; as, intellectual <i>pabulum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of moccasin,
having the edges of the sole turned up and sewed to the upper.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg., from the native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small South American rodent
(<i>C&oelig;logenys paca</i>), having blackish brown fur, with four
parallel rows of white spots along its sides; the spotted cavy. It is
nearly allied to the agouti and the Guinea pig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pacare</i> to
pacify.] <def>Placable.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*cane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
species of hickory. See <u>Pecan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pacatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>pacare</i> to pacify, fr. <i>pax</i>, <i>pacis</i>, peace.
See <u>Pay</u> to requite, <u>Peace</u>.] <def>Appeased; pacified;
tranquil.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa"ca*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pacified;
pacate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pacatio</i>.]
<def>The act of pacifying; a peacemaking.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pas</i>, F.
<i>pas</i>, from L. <i>passus</i> a step, pace, orig., a stretching
out of the feet in walking; cf. <i>pandere</i>, <i>passum</i>, to
spread, stretch; perh. akin to E. <i>patent</i>.  Cf. <u>Pas</u>,
<u>Pass</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A single movement from one foot
to the other in walking; a step.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The length of a step in walking or
marching, reckoned from the heel of one foot to the heel of the other;
-- used as a unit in measuring distances; as, he advanced fifty
<i>paces</i>.</def> "The heigh of sixty <i>pace</i> ."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Ordinarily the <i>pace</i> is estimated at two and one half
linear feet; but in measuring distances be stepping, the <i>pace</i>
is extended to three feet (one yard) or to three and three tenths feet
(one fifth of a rod). The regulation marching <i>pace</i> in the
English and United States armies is thirty inches for quick time, and
thirty-six inches for double time. The Roman <i>pace</i>
(<i>passus</i>) was from the heel of one foot to the heel of the same
foot when it next touched the ground, five Roman feet.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Manner of stepping or moving; gait; walk;
as, the walk, trot, canter, gallop, and amble are <i>paces</i> of the
horse; a swaggering <i>pace</i>; a quick <i>pace</i>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To-morrow, and to-morrow, and to-morrow,<BR>
Creeps in this petty <i>pace</i> from day to day.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the military schools of riding a variety of
<i>paces</i> are taught.</blockquote> <i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A slow gait; a footpace.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a kind of fast amble; a
rack.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Any single movement, step, or
procedure.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The first <i>pace</i> necessary for his majesty to make
is to fall into confidence with Spain.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A broad step or platform;
any part of a floor slightly raised above the rest, as around an
altar, or at the upper end of a hall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A device in a loom, to
maintain tension on the warp in pacing the web.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Geometrical pace</b></col>, <cd>the space from heel to heel
between the spot where one foot is set down and that where the same
foot is again set down, loosely estimated at five feet, or by some at
four feet and two fifths. See <i>Roman pace</i> in the Note under def.
2.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>keep, or
hold</b></col>, <col><b>pace with</b></col>, <cd>to keep up with; to
go as fast as.</cd> "In intellect and attainments he <i>kept pace
with</i> his age."
<i>Southey.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Pace</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pacing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go; to walk;
specifically, to move with regular or measured steps.</def> "I
<i>paced</i> on slowly." <i>Pope.</i> "With speed so <i>pace</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To proceed; to pass on.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Or [ere] that I further in this tale
<i>pace</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move quickly by lifting the legs on the
same side together, as a horse; to amble with rapidity; to
rack.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass away; to die.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pace</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
walk over with measured tread; to move slowly over or upon; as, the
guard <i>paces</i> his round.</def> "<i>Pacing</i> light the velvet
plain."  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To measure by steps or paces; as, to
<i>pace</i> a piece of ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To develop, guide, or control the pace or
paces of; to teach the pace; to break in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you can, <i>pace</i> your wisdom<BR>
In that good path that I would wish it go.</blockquote>
<i>Shak</i></p>

<p><col><b>To pace the web</b></col> <i>(Weaving)</i>, <cd>to wind up
the cloth on the beam, periodically, as it is woven, in a
loom.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Paced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having, or trained
in, [such] a pace or gait; trained; -- used in composition; as, slow-
<i>paced</i>; a thorough-<i>paced</i> villain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, paces; especially, a horse that paces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*cha"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Pasha</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`cha*ca*mac"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A divinity
worshiped by the ancient Peruvians as the creator of the
universe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*chak"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The fragrant roots of the <i>Saussurea Costus</i>, exported from
India to China, and used for burning as incense. It is supposed to be
the <i>costus</i> of the ancients.</def> [Written also
<i>putchuck</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*cha"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pashalic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*chi"si</hw> (?), <hw>Par*che"si</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind., fr. <i>pachis</i> twenty-five, the
highest throw in the game.] <def>A game, somewhat resembling
backgammon, originating in India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*chom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>pa`chos</grk> thickness + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>An instrument for measuring thickness, as of the glass of a
mirror, or of paper; a pachymeter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*chon"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A substance resembling gutta-percha, and used to adulterate it,
obtained from the East Indian tree <i>Isonandra
acuminata</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pach"y-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; thick.] <def>A combining form
meaning <i>thick</i>; as, <i>pachy</i>derm,
<i>pachy</i>dactyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pach`y*car"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pachy-</i> +
Gr. &?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the pericarp
thick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pach`y*dac"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pachy-</i> +
<i>dactyl</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird or other animal having
thick toes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pach`y*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having thick toes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pach"y*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pachyderme</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Pachydermata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pach`y*der"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or relating to the pachyderms; as,
<i>pachydermal</i> dentition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pach`y*der"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; thick-skinned; <grk>pachy`s</grk> thick + &?; skin.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of hoofed mammals distinguished for
the thickness of their skins, including the elephant, hippopotamus,
rhinoceros, tapir, horse, and hog. It is now considered an artificial
group.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pach`y*der"ma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
pachyderms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Thick-skinned; not sensitive to
ridicule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pach`y*der"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Pachyderm</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Related to
the pachyderms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pach`y*glos"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pachy-</i> +
Gr. &?; tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a thick tongue; --
applied to a group of lizards (<i>Pachygloss&aelig;</i>), including
the iguanas and agamas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pach`y*men`in*gi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pachy-
</i> + <i>meningitis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the dura
mater or outer membrane of the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*chym"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pachy-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Pachometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pach"y*ote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pachy-</i> + Gr.
&?;, &?;, ear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a family of bats,
including those which have thick external ears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pac"i*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being pacified or appeased; placable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*cif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pacificus</i>:
cf. F. <i>pacifique</i>. See <u>Pacify</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
peace; suited to make or restore peace; of a peaceful character; not
warlike; not quarrelsome; conciliatory; as, <i>pacific</i> words or
acts; a <i>pacific</i> nature or condition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pacific Ocean</b></col>, <cd>the ocean between America and
Asia, so called by Magellan, its first European navigator, on account
of the exemption from violent tempests which he enjoyed while sailing
over it; -- called also, simply, the <i>Pacific</i>, and, formerly,
the <i>South sea</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Peacemaking; appeasing; conciliatory; tranquil;
calm; quiet; peaceful; reconciling; mild; gentle.</p>

<p><hw>Pa*cif"ic*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Placable.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*cif"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to peace; pacific.</def> [R.] <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i> --
<wf>Pa*cif"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*cif`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pacificatio</i>: cf. F. <i>pacification</i>. See <u>Pacify</u>.]
<def>The act or process of pacifying, or of making peace between
parties at variance; reconciliation.</def> "An embassy of
<i>pacification</i>."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*cif"i*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who, or that which, pacifies; a peacemaker.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*cif"i*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pacificatorius</i>.] <def>Tending to make peace;
conciliatory.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pac"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pacifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pac"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pacified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pacifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>pacifier</i>, L. <i>pacificare</i>;
<i>pax</i>, <i>pacis</i>, peace + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make.
See <u>Peace</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <def>To make to be at peace; to
appease; to calm; to still; to quiet; to allay the agitation,
excitement, or resentment of; to tranquillize; as, to <i>pacify</i> a
man when angry; to <i>pacify</i> pride, appetite, or
importunity.</def> "Pray ye, <i>pacify</i> yourself."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>pacify</i> and settle those
countries.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*cin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, Filippo <i>Pacini</i>, an
Italian physician of the 19th century.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pacinian corpuscles</b></col>, <cd>small oval bodies
terminating some of the minute branches of the sensory nerves in the
integument and other parts of the body. They are supposed to be
tactile organs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pact</u>.] <def>A
pact.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D. <i>pak</i>, G.
<i>pack</i>, Dan. <i>pakke</i>, Sw. <i>packa</i>, Icel. <i>pakki</i>,
Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>pac</i>, Arm. <i>pak</i>.  Cf. <u>Packet</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bundle made up and prepared to be
carried; especially, a bundle to be carried on the back; a load for an
animal; a bale, as of goods.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Peck</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
number or quantity equal to the contents of a pack; hence, a
multitude; a burden.</def> "A <i>pack</i> of sorrows." "A <i>pack</i>
of blessings."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "In England, by a <i>pack</i> of meal is meant 280 lbs.; of
wool, 240 lbs."  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A number or quantity of connected or
similar things</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A full set of
playing cards; also, the assortment used in a particular game; as, a
euchre <i>pack</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A number of hounds
or dogs, hunting or kept together.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
number of persons associated or leagued in a bad design or practice; a
gang; as, a <i>pack</i> of thieves or knaves.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A shook of cask staves.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A bundle of sheet-iron plates for rolling
simultaneously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A large area of floating pieces of ice
driven together more or less closely.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An envelope, or wrapping, of sheets used in
hydropathic practice, called <i>dry pack</i>, <i>wet pack</i>, <i>cold
pack</i>, etc., according to the method of treatment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [Prob. the same word; but cf. AS. <i>p&?;can</i>
to deceive.] <def>A loose, lewd, or worthless person. See
<u>Baggage</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pack animal</b></col>, <cd>an animal, as a horse, mule,
etc., employed in carrying packs.</cd> -- <col><b>Pack
cloth</b></col>, <cd>a coarse cloth, often duck, used in covering
packs or bales.</cd> -- <col><b>Pack horse</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Pack
animal</i> (above).</cd> -- <col><b>Pack ice</b></col>. <cd>See def.
4, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Pack moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a small moth (<i>Anacampsis sarcitella</i>) which, in the larval
state, is very destructive to wool and woolen fabrics.</cd> --
<col><b>Pack needle</b></col>, <cd>a needle for sewing with pack
thread.</cd> <i>Piers Plowman.</i> -- <col><b>Pack saddle</b></col>,
<cd>a saddle made for supporting the load on a pack animal.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Pack staff</b></col>, <cd>a staff for
supporting a pack; a peddler's staff.</cd> -- <col><b>Pack
thread</b></col>, <cd>strong thread or small twine used for tying
packs or parcels.</cd> -- <col><b>Pack train</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>a troop of pack animals.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1029 !></p>

<p><hw>Pack</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Packed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Packing</u>.] [Akin to D. <i>pakken</i>, G. <i>packen</i>, Dan.
<i>pakke</i>, Sw. <i>packa</i>, Icel. <i>pakka</i>. See <u>Pack</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a pack of; to
arrange closely and securely in a pack; hence, to place and arrange
compactly as in a pack; to press into close order or narrow compass;
as to <i>pack</i> goods in a box; to <i>pack</i> fish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strange materials <i>packed</i> up with wonderful
art.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where . . . the bones<BR>
Of all my buried ancestors are <i>packed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill in the manner of a pack, that is,
compactly and securely, as for transportation; hence, to fill closely
or to repletion; to stow away within; to cause to be full; to crowd
into; as, to <i>pack</i> a trunk; the play, or the audience,
<i>packs</i> the theater.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sort and arrange (the cards) in a pack
so as to secure the game unfairly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And mighty dukes <i>pack</i> cards for half a
crown.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To bring together or make up
unfairly and fraudulently, in order to secure a certain result; as, to
<i>pack</i> a jury or a causes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The expected council was dwindling into . . . a
<i>packed</i> assembly of Italian bishops.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To contrive unfairly or fraudulently; to
plot.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote> He lost life . . . upon a nice point subtilely devised
and <i>packed</i> by his enemies.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To load with a pack; hence, to load; to
encumber; as, to <i>pack</i> a horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our thighs <i>packed</i> with wax, our mouths with
honey.</blockquote> <i>Shack.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To cause to go; to send away with baggage
or belongings; esp., to send away peremptorily or suddenly; --
sometimes with <i>off</i>; as, to <i>pack</i> a boy off to
school.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . must not die</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Till George be <i>packed</i> with post horse up to
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To transport in a pack, or in the manner of
a pack (<i>i. e.</i>, on the backs of men or beasts).</def> [Western
U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Hydropathy)</i> <def>To envelop in a wet or
dry sheet, within numerous coverings. See <u>Pack</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To render impervious, as by
filling or surrounding with suitable material, or to fit or adjust so
as to move without giving passage to air, water, or steam; as, to
<i>pack</i> a joint; to <i>pack</i> the piston of a steam
engine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make up packs, bales, or bundles; to stow articles securely for
transportation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To admit of stowage, or of making up for
transportation or storage; to become compressed or to settle together,
so as to form a compact mass; as, the goods <i>pack</i> conveniently;
wet snow <i>packs</i> well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To gather in flocks or schools; as, the
grouse or the perch begin to <i>pack</i>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To depart in haste; -- generally with
<i>off</i> or <i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Poor Stella must <i>pack</i> off to town</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall <i>pack</i>,<BR>
And never more darken my doors again.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To unite in bad measures; to confederate
for ill purposes; to join in collusion.</def> [Obs.] "Go <i>pack</i>
with him."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To send packing</b></col>, <cd>to drive away; to send off
roughly or in disgrace; to dismiss unceremoniously.</cd> "The
parliament . . . presently <i>sent</i> him <i>packing</i>."
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pack"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act or process of packing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bundle made up for transportation; a
packet; a bale; a parcel; as, a <i>package</i> of goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A charge made for packing goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A duty formerly charged in the port of
London on goods imported or exported by aliens, or by denizens who
were the sons of aliens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pack"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person whose
business is to pack things; especially, one who packs food for
preservation; as, a pork <i>packer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pack"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>paquet</i>, dim.
fr. LL. <i>paccus</i>, from the same source as E. <i>pack</i>. See
<u>Pack</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small pack or package; a little bundle or
parcel; as, a <i>packet</i> of letters.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a vessel employed by government
to convey dispatches or mails; hence, a vessel employed in conveying
dispatches, mails, passengers, and goods, and having fixed days of
sailing; a mail boat.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Packet boat</b></col>, <col><b>ship</b></col>, or
<col><b>vessel</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Packet</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</cd> -- <col><b>Packet day</b></col>, <cd>the day for mailing
letters to go by packet; or the sailing day.</cd> -- <col><b>Packet
note</b></col> or <col><b>post</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Paper</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pack"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Packeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Packeting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make up into a packet or
bundle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send in a packet or dispatch
vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her husband<BR>
Was <i>packeted</i> to France.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pack"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ply with a packet
or dispatch boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pack"fong`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>peh
tung</i>.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A Chinese alloy of nickel, zinc, and
copper, resembling German silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pack herse</hw>. <def>See under 2d <u>Pack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pack"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Warehouse for
storing goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pack"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or process of one who packs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any material used to pack, fill up, or make
close.</def> Specifically <i>(Mach.)</i>: <def>A substance or piece
used to make a joint impervious</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
thin layer, or sheet, of yielding or elastic material inserted between
the surfaces of a flange joint.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
substance in a stuffing box, through which a piston rod slides.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A yielding ring, as of metal, which surrounds
a piston and maintains a tight fit, as inside a cylinder,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Filling</u>.</def> [Rare in the U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A trick; collusion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cherd packing</b></col> <i>(Bridge Building)</i>, <cd>the
arrangement, side by side, of several parts, as bars, diagonals, a
post, etc., on a pin at the bottom of a chord.</cd> <i>Waddell.</i> --
<col><b>Packing box</b></col>, <cd>a stuffing box. See under
<u>Stuffing</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Packing press</b></col>, <cd>a
powerful press for baling cotton, wool, hay, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Packing ring</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Packing</u>, 2
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd>, and <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Piston</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Packing sheet</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large cloth
for packing goods</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A sheet prepared for
packing hydropathic patients.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pack"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Packmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who bears a pack; a
peddler.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pack saddle</hw>, <hw>Pack thread</hw>  }. <def>See under 2d
<u>Pack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pack"wax`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Paxwax</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pack"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A path, as over
mountains, followed by pack animals.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa"co</hw> (?), <hw>Pa"cos</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Sp. <i>paco</i>, fr. Peruv. <i>paco</i>.  Cf. <u>Alpaca</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Alpaca</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Peruv. <i>paco</i>, <i>pacu</i>, red, reddish,
reddish ore containing silver; perh. a different word.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>An earthy-looking ore, consisting of brown oxide of iron with
minute particles of native silver.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pact</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pactum</i>, fr.
<i>paciscere</i> to make a bargain or contract, fr. <i>pacere</i> to
settle, or agree upon; cf. <i>pangere</i> to fasten, Gr. &?;, Skr.
<i>p&amacr;ca</i> bond, and E. <i>fang</i>: cf. F. <i>pacie</i>.  Cf.
<u>Peace</u>, <u>Fadge</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>An agreement; a
league; a compact; a covenant.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The engagement and <i>pact</i> of society whish goes by
the name of the constitution.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pactio</i>: cf.
F. <i>paction</i>. See <u>Pact</u>.] <def>An agreement; a compact; a
bargain.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pac"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature
of, or by means of, a paction.</def>  <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pac*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pactitius</i>, <i>pacticius</i>.] <def>Setted by a pact, or
agreement.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pac*to"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the Pactolus, a river in ancient Lydia famous for its golden
sands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"cu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
South American freah-water fish (<i>Myleies pacu</i>), of the family
<i>Characinid&aelig;</i>. It is highly esteemed as food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>pad</i>. &radic;21.
See <u>Path</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A footpath; a road.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An easy-paced horse; a padnag.</def>
<i>Addison</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An abbot on an ambling <i>pad</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A robber that infests the road on foot; a
highwayman; -- usually called a <i>footpad</i>.</def>  <i>Gay.
Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of robbing on the highway.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pad</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To travel upon foot; to
tread.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Padding</i> the streets for half a
crown.</blockquote> <i>Somerville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pad</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
travel heavily or slowly.</def>  <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rob on foot.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotton
Mather.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wear a path by walking.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pad</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. akin to <i>pod</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A soft, or small, cushion; a mass of anything
soft; stuffing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cushion for writing upon, or for
blotting; esp., one formed of many flat sheets of writing paper, or
layers of blotting paper; a block of paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cushion used as a saddle without a tree
or frame.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A stuffed guard or protection; esp., one
worn on the legs of horses to prevent bruising.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cushionlike
thickening of the skin one the under side of the toes of
animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A floating leaf of a water lily or similar
plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A soft bag or cushion to
relieve pressure, support a part, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of timber fixed on a
beam to fit the curve of the deck.</def>  <i>W. C. Russel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A measure for fish; as, sixty mackerel go
to a <i>pad</i>; a basket of soles.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pad cloth</b></col>, <cd>a saddlecloth; a housing.</cd> --
<col><b>Pad saddle</b></col>. <cd>See def. 3, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Pad tree</b></col> <i>(Harness Making)</i>, <cd>a piece of
wood or metal which gives rigidity and shape to a harness pad.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pad</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Padded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Padding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stuff; to furnish with a
pad or padding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Calico Printing)</i> <def>To imbue uniformly
with a mordant; as, to <i>pad</i> cloth.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pad"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>Groats; coarse flour or meal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir. H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pad"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, pads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A highwayman; a footpad.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pad"ding</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or process of making a pad or of inserting stuffing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The material with which anything is
padded.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Material of inferior value, serving to
extend a book, essay, etc.</def>  <i>London Sat. Rev.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Calico Printing)</i> <def>The uniform
impregnation of cloth with a mordant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Prob. for
<i>pattle</i>, and a dim. of <i>pat</i>, v.; cf. also E. <i>pad</i> to
tread, Prov. G. <i>paddeln</i>, <i>padden</i>, to walk with short
steps, to paddle, G. <i>patschen</i> to splash, dash, dabble, F.
<i>patouiller</i> to dabble, splash, fr. <i>patte</i> a paw.
&radic;21.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To use the hands or fingers in
toying; to make caressing strokes.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dabble in water with hands or feet; to
use a paddle, or something which serves as a paddle, in swimming, in
paddling a boat, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the men were <i>paddling</i> for their
lives.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While <i>paddling</i> ducks the standing lake
desire.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paddling</u> (?)] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pat or stroke
amorously, or gently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be <i>paddling</i> palms and pinching
fingers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To propel with, or as with, a paddle or
paddles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pad; to tread upon; to trample.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Paddle</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An implement with a
broad blade, which is used without a fixed fulcrum in propelling and
steering canoes and boats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The broad part of a paddle, with which the
stroke is made; hence, any short, broad blade, resembling that of a
paddle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt have a <i>paddle</i> upon thy
weapon.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxiii. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the broad boards, or floats, at the
circumference of a water wheel, or paddle wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small gate in sluices or lock gates to
admit or let off water; -- also called <i>clough</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A paddle-shaped foot,
as of the sea turtle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A paddle-shaped implement for stirring or
mixing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> [In this sense prob. for older <i>spaddle</i>,
<i>a dim</i>. <i>of spade</i>.] <def>See <i>Paddle staff</i> (b),
below.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Paddle beam</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>one of two
large timbers supporting the spring beam and paddle box of a steam
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Paddle board</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Paddle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Paddle box</b></col>, <cd>the
structure inclosing the upper part of the paddle wheel of a steam
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Paddle shaft</b></col>, <cd>the revolving
shaft which carries the paddle wheel of a steam vessel.</cd> --
<col><b>Paddle staff</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A staff tipped
with a broad blade, used by mole catchers.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A long-handled spade used to clean a
plowshare; -- called also <i>plow staff</i>.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Paddle steamer</b></col>, <cd>a steam vessel propelled by
paddle wheels, in distinction from a screw propeller.</cd> --
<col><b>Paddle wheel</b></col>, <cd>the propelling wheel of a steam
vessel, having paddles (or floats) on its circumference, and revolving
in a vertical plane parallel to the vessel's length.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pad"dle*cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lumpfish.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pad"dle*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>
<def>A large ganoid fish (<i>Polyodon spathula</i>) found in the
rivers of the Mississippi Valley. It has a long spatula-shaped snout.
Called also <i>duck-billed cat</i>, and <i>spoonbill
sturgeon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pad"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, paddles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pad"dle*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The light elastic wood of the <i>Aspidosperma excelsum</i>, a
tree of Guiana having a fluted trunk readily split into
planks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pad"dock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>padde</i> toad,
frog + <i>-ock</i>; akin to D. <i>pad</i>, <i>padde</i>, toad, Icel. &
Sw. <i>padda</i>, Dan. <i>padde</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A toad
or frog.</def> <i>Wyclif.</i> "Loathed <i>paddocks</i>."
<i>Spenser</i></p>

<p><col><b>Paddock pipe</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a hollow-stemmed
plant of the genus <i>Equisetum</i>, especially <i>E. limosum</i> and
the fruiting stems of <i>E. arvense</i>; -- called also <i>padow
pipe</i> and <i>toad pipe</i>. See <u>Equisetum</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Paddock stone</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Toadstone</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Paddock stool</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,<cd>a
toadstool.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pad"dock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>parrock</i>. See <u>Parrock</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small inclosure or park for
sporting.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small inclosure for pasture; esp., one
adjoining a stable.</def>  <i>Evelyn. Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pad"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>paddy</i>
worm-eaten.] <def>Low; mean; boorish; vagabond.</def> "Such
<i>pady</i> persons." <i>Digges (1585).</i> "The <i>paddy</i>
persons." <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pad"dy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paddies</b></plw> (#). [Corrupted fr. St. <i>Patrick</i>, the
tutelar saint of Ireland.] <def>A jocose or contemptuous name for an
Irishman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pad"dy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Either fr. Canarese
<i>bhatta</i> or Malay <i>p&amacr;d&imacr;</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Unhusked rice; -- commonly so called in the East
Indies.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Paddy bird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Java
sparrow</i>, under <u>Java</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pad`e*li"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pas de
lion</i>on's foot.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant with pedately lobed
leaves; the lady's mantle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*del"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., prop., a pan,
a friing pan, fr. L. <i>patella</i> a pan.] <def>A large cup or deep
saucer, containing fatty matter in which a wick is placed, -- used for
public illuminations, as at St. Peter's, in Rome. Called also
<i>padelle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pad`e*mel"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Wallaby</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pad"e*soy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Paduasoy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Padge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
barn owl; -- called also <i>pudge</i>, and <i>pudge owl</i>.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pa`di*shah"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>p&amacr;dish&amacr;h</i>.  Cf. <u>Pasha</u>.] <def>Chief ruler;
monarch; sovereign; -- a title of the Sultan of Turkey, and of the
Shah of Persia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pad"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. orig., a lock
for a <i>pad</i> gate, or a gate opening to a <i>path</i>, or perh., a
lock for a basket or pannier, and from Prov. E. <i>pad</i> a pannier.
Cf. <u>Pad</u> a path, <u>Paddler</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
portable lock with a bow which is usually jointed or pivoted at one
end so that it can be opened, the other end being fastened by the
bolt, -- used for fastening by passing the bow through a staple over a
hasp or through the links of a chain, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A curb; a restraint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pad"lock`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Padlocked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Padlocking</u>.] <def>To fasten with, or as with, a padlock; to
stop; to shut; to confine as by a padlock.</def>  <i>Milton.
Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pad"nag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [lst <i>pad + nag</i>.]
<def>An ambling nag.</def> "An easy <i>padnag</i>."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pad"ow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A paddock, or toad.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Padow pipe</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Paddock
pipe</i>, under <u>Paddock</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*dro"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> It.
<plw><b>Padroni</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Padrones</b></plw>. [It. See
<u>Patron</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A patron; a
protector.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The master of a small coaster in the
Mediterranean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A man who imports, and controls the
earnings of, Italian laborers, street musicians, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pad`u*a*soy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Padua</i>,
in Italy + F. <i>soie</i> silk; or cf. F. <i>pou-de-soie</i>.] <def>A
rich and heavy silk stuff.</def> [Written also <i>padesoy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*du"cahs</hw> (p&adot;*d&umacr;"k&adot;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos>; sing. <singw><b>Paducah</b></singw> (-k&adot;).
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>See <u>Comanches</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>P&aelig;"an</hw> (p&emacr;`<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>paean</i>, Gr. <grk>paia`n</grk>, fr. <grk>Paia`n</grk> the
physician of the gods, later, Apollo.  Cf. <u>P&aelig;on</u>,
<u>Peony</u>.] [Written also <i>pean</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
ancient Greek hymn in honor of Apollo as a healing deity, and, later,
a song addressed to other deities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any loud and joyous song; a song of
triumph.</def> <i>Dryden.</i> "Public <i>p&aelig;ans</i> of
congratulation."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>See <u>P&aelig;on</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>P&aelig;`do*bap"tism</hw>
(p&emacr;`d&osl;*b&abreve;p"t&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pedobaptism.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1030 !></p>

<p><hw>P&aelig;`do*gen"esis</hw>
(p&emacr;`d&osl;*j&ebreve;n"&esl;*s&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>pai^s</grk>, <grk>paido`s</grk>, child + E. <i>genesis</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Reproduction by young or larval
animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>P&aelig;`do*ge*net"ic</hw> (-j&esl;*n&ebreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing young while in
the immature or larval state; -- said of certain insects,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>P&aelig;"on</hw> (p&emacr;"&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>paeon</i>, Gr. <grk>paiw`n</grk> a solemn song, also, a p&aelig;on,
equiv. to <grk>paia`n</grk>. See <u>P&aelig;an</u>.] <i>(Anc.
Poet.)</i> <def>A foot of four syllables, one long and three short,
admitting of four combinations, according to the place of the long
syllable.</def> [Written also, less correctly, <i>p&aelig;an</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>P&aelig;"o*nine</hw> (p&emacr;"&osl;*n&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An artifical red nitrogenous
dyestuff, called also <i>red coralline</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>P&aelig;"o*ny</hw> (p&emacr;"&osl;*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Peony</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"gan</hw> (p&amacr;"g<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>paganus</i> a countryman, peasant, villager, a pagan, fr.
<i>paganus</i> of or pertaining to the country, rustic, also, pagan,
fr. <i>pagus</i> a district, canton, the country, perh. orig., a
district with fixed boundaries: cf. <i>pangere</i> to fasten.  Cf.
<u>Painim</u>, <u>Peasant</u>, and <u>Pact</u>, also <u>Heathen</u>.]
<def>One who worships false gods; an idolater; a heathen; one who is
neither a Christian, a Mohammedan, nor a Jew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither having the accent of Christians, nor the gait
of Christian, <i>pagan</i>, nor man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gentile; heathen; idolater.  -- <u>Pagan</u>,
<u>Gentile</u>, <u>Heathen</u>. <i>Gentile</i> was applied to the
other nations of the earth as distinguished from the Jews.
<i>Pagan</i> was the name given to idolaters in the early Christian
church, because the <i>villagers</i>, being most remote from the
centers of instruction, remained for a long time unconverted.
<i>Heathen</i> has the same origin. <i>Pagan</i> is now more properly
applied to rude and uncivilized idolaters, while <i>heathen</i>
embraces all who practice idolatry.</p>

<p><hw>Pa"gan</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>paganus</i> of or
pertaining to the country, pagan. See <u>Pagan</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Of or pertaining to pagans; relating to the
worship or the worshipers of false goods; heathen; idolatrous, as,
<i>pagan</i> tribes or superstitions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And all the rites of <i>pagan</i> honor
paid.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"gan*dom</hw> (-d&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
pagan lands; pagans, collectively; paganism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa*gan"ic</hw> (p&adot;*g&abreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<hw>Pa*gan"ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to pagans or paganism; heathenish;
paganish.</def> [R.] "The <i>paganic</i> fables of the goods."
<i>Cudworth.</i> -- <wf>Pa*gan"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa"gan*ish</hw> (p&amacr;"g<i>a</i>n*&ibreve;sh),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to pagans;
heathenish.</def> "The old <i>paganish</i> idolatry."
<i>Sharp</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"gan*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>paganismus</i>: cf. F. <i>paganisme</i>. See <u>Pagan</u>, and cf.
<u>Painim</u>.] <def>The state of being pagan; pagan characteristics;
esp., the worship of idols or false gods, or the system of religious
opinions and worship maintained by pagans; heathenism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*gan"i*ty</hw> (p&adot;*g&abreve;n"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Paganitas</i>.] <def>The state of being a
pagan; paganism.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"gan*ize</hw> (p&amacr;"g<i>a</i>n*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Paganized</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Paganizing</u> (?).] <def>To
render pagan or heathenish; to convert to paganism.</def>
<i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"gan*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To behave like
pagans.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"gan*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pagan
manner.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Page</hw> (p&amacr;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>paggio</i>, LL. <i>pagius</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>paidi`on</grk>, dim. of
<grk>pai^s</grk>, <grk>paido`s</grk>, a boy, servant; perh. akin to L.
<i>puer</i>.  Cf. <u>Pedagogue</u>, <u>Puerile</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A serving boy; formerly, a youth attending a
person of high degree, especially at courts, as a position of honor
and education; now commonly, in England, a youth employed for doing
errands, waiting on the door, and similar service in households; in
the United States, a boy employed to wait upon the members of a
legislative body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had two <i>pages</i> of honor -- on either hand
one.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boy child.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance, as a band, pin, snap, or the
like, to hold the skirt of a woman's dress from the ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Brickmaking.)</i> <def>A track along which
pallets carrying newly molded bricks are conveyed to the
hack.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of beautiful South American moths of the genus
<i>Urania</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Page</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To attend (one) as a
page.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Page</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>pagina</i>;
prob. akin to <i>pagere</i>, <i>pangere</i>, to fasten, fix, make, the
pages or leaves being fastened together.  Cf. <u>Pact</u>,
<u>Pageant</u>, <u>Pagination</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One side of a leaf of a book or
manuscript.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such was the book from whose <i>pages</i> she
sang.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A record; a writing; as, the
<i>page</i> of history.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The type set up for
printing a page.</def></p>

<p><hw>Page</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paging</u> (?).] <def>To mark or number the pages of, as a book or
manuscript; to furnish with folios.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pag"eant</hw> (p&abreve;j"<i>e</i>nt <i>or</i>
p&amacr;"j<i>e</i>nt; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pagent</i>,
<i>pagen</i>, originally, a movable scaffold or stage, hence, what was
exhibited on it, fr. LL. <i>pagina</i>, akin to <i>pangere</i> to
fasten; cf. L. <i>pagina</i> page, leaf, slab, <i>compaginare</i> to
join together, <i>compages</i> a joining together, structure. See
<u>Pact</u>, <u>Page</u> of a book.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A theatrical exhibition; a spectacle.</def>
"A <i>pageant</i> truly played."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To see sad <i>pageants</i> of men's
miseries.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An elaborate exhibition devised for the
entertainmeut of a distinguished personage, or of the public; a show,
spectacle, or display.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gaze of fools, and <i>pageant</i> of a day
!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We love the man, the paltry <i>pageant</i>
you.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pag"eant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of a
pageant; spectacular.</def> "<i>Pageant</i> pomp."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pag"eant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exhibit in show;
to represent; to mimic.</def> [R.] "He <i>pageants</i> us."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pag"eant*ry</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Scenic
shows or spectacles, taken collectively; spectacular quality;
splendor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>pageantry</i> be to the people
shown.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pageantry</i> of festival.</blockquote> <i>J. A.
Symonds.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pomp; parade; show; display; spectacle.</p>

<p><hw>Page"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a page.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pag"i*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pagin&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
surface of a leaf or of a flattened thallus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pag"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>paginalis</i>.]
<def>Consisting of pages.</def> "<i>Paginal</i> books."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pag`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of paging a book; also, the characters used in numbering the
pages; page number.</def>  <i>Lowndes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The marking or
numbering of the pages of a book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"god</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pagode</i>.
See <u>Pagoda</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pagoda. [R.] "Or some
queer <i>pagod</i>."</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An idol.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*go"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>pagoda</i>,
<i>pagode</i>, fr.Hind. &amp; Per. <i>but-kadah</i> a house of idols, or
abode of God; Per. <i>but</i> an idol + <i>kadah</i> a house, a
temple.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A term by which Europeans designate
religious temples and tower-like buildings of the Hindoos and
Buddhists of India, Farther India, China, and Japan, -- usually but
not always, devoted to idol worship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An idol.</def> [R.]  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Prob. so named from the image of a pagoda or a
deity (cf. Skr. <i>bhagavat</i> holy, divine) stamped on it.] <def>A
gold or silver coin, of various kinds and values, formerly current in
India. The Madras gold pagoda was worth about three and a half
rupees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*go"dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Agalmatolite; -- so called because sometimes carved by the
Chinese into the form of pagodas. See <u>Agalmatolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*gu"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of East Indian viverrine mammals of
the genus <i>Paguma</i>. They resemble a weasel in form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*gu"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pagurus</i> a
kind of crab, Gr. <i>&?;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of a
tribe of anomuran crustaceans, of which <i>Pagurus</i> is a type; the
hermit crab. See <i>Hermit crab</i>, under <u>Hermit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pah</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An exclamation
expressing disgust or contempt. See <u>Bah</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fie! fie! fie! <i>pah</i>! <i>pah</i>! Give me an ounce
of civet, good apothecary, to sweeten my imagination.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From native name.] <def>A
kind of stockaded intrenchment.</def> [New Zealand.]
<i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"hi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
large war canoe of the Society Islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pah"le*vi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pehlevi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*ho"e*ho`e</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A name given in the Sandwich Islands to lava having a relatively
smooth surface, in distinction from the rough-surfaced lava, called
<i>a-a</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pah"*Utes`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Utes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Paid</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp., p. p., &amp; a.</i></pos> of
<u>Pay</u>.  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Receiving pay; compensated;
hired; as, a <i>paid</i> attorney.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Satisfied; contented.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Paid</i> of his poverty."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pai*deu"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <i>&?;</i>,
fr. <i>&?;</i> to teach, fr. <i>&?;</i>,<i>&?;</i>, a boy.] <def>The
science or art of teaching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pai"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Pagan.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pai"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of <i>Primula</i>, either the cowslip or
the primrose.</def> [Written also <i>pagle</i>, <i>pagil</i>,
<i>peagle</i>, and <i>pygil</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pai*ja"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pyjama.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>paile</i>, AS.
<i>p&aelig;gel</i> a wine vessel, a pail, akin to D. &amp; G. <i>pegel</i>
a watermark, a gauge rod, a measure of wine, Dan. <i>p&aelig;gel</i>
half a pint.] <def>A vessel of wood or tin, etc., usually cylindrical
and having a bail, -- used esp. for carrying liquids, as water or
milk, etc.; a bucket. It may, or may not, have a cover.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pail"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pailfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The quantity that a pail will
hold.</def> "By <i>pailfuls</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pail*lasse"</hw> (?; F. &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>paille</i> straw. See <u>Pallet</u> a bed.] <def>An under bed or
mattress of straw.</def> [Written also <i>palliasse</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pail`mall"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pall-mall</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>peine</i>, F.
<i>peine</i>, fr. L. <i>poena</i>, penalty, punishment, torment, pain;
akin to Gr. <i>&?;</i> penalty.  Cf. <u>Penal</u>, <u>Pine</u> to
languish, <u>Punish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Punishment suffered
or denounced; suffering or evil inflicted as a punishment for crime,
or connected with the commission of a crime; penalty.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We will, by way of mulct or <i>pain</i>, lay it upon
him.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Interpose, on <i>pain</i> of my
displeasure.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>None shall presume to fly, under <i>pain</i> of
death.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any uneasy sensation in animal bodies, from
slight uneasiness to extreme distress or torture, proceeding from a
derangement of functions, disease, or injury by violence; bodily
distress; bodily suffering; an ache; a smart.</def> "The <i>pain</i>
of Jesus Christ."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Pain</i> may occur in any part of the body where sensory
nerves are distributed, and it is always due to some kind of
stimulation of them. The sensation is generally referred to the
peripheral end of the nerve.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Specifically, the throes or
travail of childbirth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She bowed herself and travailed, for her <i>pains</i>
came upon her.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. iv. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Uneasiness of mind; mental distress;
disquietude; anxiety; grief; solicitude; anguish.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In rapture as in <i>pain</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Pains</u>, labor, effort.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of pains and penalties</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To die in the pain</b></col>, <cd>to be
tortured to death.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paining</u>.] [OE. <i>peinen</i>, OF. <i>pener</i>, F.
<i>peiner</i> to fatigue. See <u>Pain</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inflict suffering upon as a penalty; to
punish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (Acts xxii. 5).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put to bodily uneasiness or anguish; to
afflict with uneasy sensations of any degree of intensity; to torment;
to torture; as, his dinner or his wound <i>pained</i> him; his stomach
<i>pained</i> him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Excess of cold, as well as heat, <i>pains</i>
us.</blockquote> <i>Locke</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To render uneasy in mind; to disquiet; to
distress; to grieve; as a child's faults <i>pain</i> his
parents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>pained</i> at my very heart.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. iv. 19.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To pain one's self</b></col>, <cd>to exert or trouble one's
self; to take pains; to be solicitous.</cd> [Obs.] "She <i>pained
her</i> to do all that she might."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disquiet; trouble; afflict; grieve; aggrieve;
distress; agonize; torment; torture.</p>

<p><hw>Pain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;nible</i>.] <def>Causing pain; painful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The manacles of Astyages were not . . . the less
weighty and <i>painable</i> for being composed of gold or
silver.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pain"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of pain; causing uneasiness or distress, either physical or
mental; afflictive; disquieting; distressing.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Requiring labor or toil; difficult;
executed with laborious effort; as a <i>painful</i> service; a
<i>painful</i> march.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Painstaking; careful; industrious.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A very <i>painful</i> person, and a great
clerk.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor must the <i>painful</i> husbandman be
tired.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disquieting; troublesome; afflictive; distressing;
grievous; laborious; toilsome; difficult; arduous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Pain"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pain"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pai"nim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>painime</i>
pagans, paganism, fr. OF. <i>paienisme</i> paganism, LL.
<i>paganismus</i>. See <u>Paganism</u>, <u>Pagan</u>.] <def>A pagan;
an infidel; -- used also adjectively.</def> [Written also <i>panim</i>
and <i>paynim</i>.]  <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pain"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from pain;
without pain.</def> -- <wf>Pain"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
- <wf>Pain"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pains</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos><def>Labor; toilsome
effort; care or trouble taken; -- plural in form, but used with a
singular or plural verb, commonly the former.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And all my <i>pains</i> is sorted to no
proof.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pains</i> they had taken was very
great.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The labored earth your <i>pains</i> have sowed and
tilled.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pains"tak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes
pains; one careful and faithful in all work.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pains"tak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Careful in doing;
diligent; faithful; attentive.</def> "<i>Painstaking</i> men."
<i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pains"tak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of taking
pains; carefulness and fidelity in performance.</def>  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pains"wor`thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worth the
pains or care bestowed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Paint</hw> (p&amacr;nt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Painted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Painting</u>.] [OE. <i>peinten</i>, fr. F. <i>peint</i>, p. p. of
<i>peindre</i> to paint, fr. L. <i>pingere</i>, <i>pictum</i>; cf. Gr.
<grk>poiki`los</grk> many-colored, Skr. <i>pi&ccedil;</i> to adorn.
Cf. <u>Depict</u>, <u>Picture</u>, <u>Pigment</u>, <u>Pint</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with coloring matter; to apply paint
to; as, to <i>paint</i> a house, a signboard, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jezebel <i>painted</i> her face and tired her
head.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings ix. 30.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To color, stain, or tinge; to adorn
or beautify with colors; to diversify with colors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>painted</i> with the crimson spots of
blood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cuckoo buds of yellow hue<BR>
Do <i>paint</i> the meadows with delight.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form in colors a figure or likeness of
on a flat surface, as upon canvas; to represent by means of colors or
hues; to exhibit in a tinted image; to portray with paints; as, to
<i>paint</i> a portrait or a landscape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To represent or exhibit to the mind;
to describe vividly; to delineate; to image; to depict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disloyal?<BR>
The word is too good to <i>paint</i> out her wickedness.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If folly grow romantic, I must <i>paint</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To color; picture; depict; portray; delineate;
sketch; draw; describe.</p>

<p><hw>Paint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
practice the art of painting; as, the artist <i>paints</i>
well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To color one's face by way of beautifying
it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let her <i>paint</i> an inch thick.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pigment or coloring substance.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The same prepared with a vehicle, as oil,
water with gum, or the like, for application to a surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cosmetic; rouge.</def>  <i>Praed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paint"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered or adorned with paint; portrayed in colors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As idle as a <i>painted</i> ship<BR>
Upon a <i>painted</i> ocean.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Marked with bright
colors; as, the <i>painted</i> turtle; <i>painted</i>
bunting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Painted beauty</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
handsome American butterfly (<i>Vanessa Huntera</i>), having a variety
of bright colors,</cd> -- <col><b>Painted cup</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>any plant of an American genus of herbs (<i>Castilleia</i>) in
which the bracts are usually bright-colored and more showy than the
flowers. <i>Castilleia coccinea</i> has brilliantly scarlet bracts,
and is common in meadows.</cd> -- <col><b>Painted finch</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Nonpareil</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Painted lady</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bright-colored butterfly. See <u>Thistle
butterfly</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Painted turtle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common American freshwater tortoise
(<i>Chrysemys picta</i>), having bright red and yellow markings
beneath.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Paint"er</hw> (p&amacr;nt"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE,
<i>pantere</i> a noose, snare, F. <i>panti&egrave;re</i>, LL.
<i>panthera</i>, L. <i>panther</i> a hunting net, fr. Gr.
<grk>panqh`ra</grk>; <grk>pa^s</grk>  all + <grk>qh`r</grk> beast; cf.
Ir. <i>painteir</i> a net, gin, snare, Gael. <i>painntear</i>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope at the bow of a boat, used to fasten it to
anything.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paint"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupt. of
<i>panther</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The panther, or puma.</def>
[A form representing an illiterate pronunciation, U. S.]  <i>J. F.
Cooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paint"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See lst <u>Paint</u>.]
<def>One whose occupation is to paint</def>; esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One who covers buildings, ships, ironwork, and the like, with
paint.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An artist who represents objects
or scenes in color on a flat surface, as canvas, plaster, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Painter's colic</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <i>Lead
colic</i>, under <u>Colic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Painter
stainer</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A painter of coats of
arms.</cd> <i>Crabb.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A member of a livery
company or guild in London, bearing this name.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1031 !></p>

<p><hw>Paint"er*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
painter's work.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>painterly</i> glose of a visage."
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paint"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
position of being a painter.</def> [R.]  <i>Br. Gardiner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paint"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or employment of laying on, or adorning with, paints or
colors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The work of the painter;
also, any work of art in which objects are represented in color on a
flat surface; a colored representation of any object or scene; a
picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Color laid on; paint.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A depicting by words; vivid representation
in words.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Picture</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Paint"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable of being
painted or described.</def> "In <i>paintless</i> patience."
<i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pain"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>peinture</i>.
See <u>Paint</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Picture</u>.]
<def>The art of painting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paint"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unskillfully
painted, so that the painter's method of work is too obvious; also,
having too much pigment applied to the surface.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Pair</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>paire</i>, LL.
<i>paria</i>, L. <i>paria</i>, pl. of <i>par</i> pair, fr. <i>par</i>,
adj., equal.  Cf. <u>Apparel</u>, <u>Par</u> equality, <u>Peer</u> an
equal.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A number of things resembling one another,
or belonging together; a set; as, a <i>pair</i> or flight of stairs.
"A <i>pair</i> of beads."  <i>Chaucer.</i> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i> "Four
<i>pair</i> of stairs." <i>Macaulay.</i> [Now mostly or quite disused,
except as to stairs.]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two crowns in my pocket, two <i>pair</i> of
cards.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Two things of a kind, similar in form,
suited to each other, and intended to be used together; as, a
<i>pair</i> of gloves or stockings; a <i>pair</i> of shoes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Two of a sort; a span; a yoke; a couple; a
brace; as, a <i>pair</i> of horses; a <i>pair</i> of oxen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A married couple; a man and wife.</def> "A
happy <i>pair</i>." <i>Dryden.</i>  "The hapless <i>pair</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A single thing, composed of two pieces
fitted to each other and used together; as, a <i>pair</i> of scissors;
a <i>pair</i> of tongs; a <i>pair</i> of bellows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Two members of opposite parties or opinion,
as in a parliamentary body, who mutually agree not to vote on a given
question, or on issues of a party nature during a specified time; as,
there were two <i>pairs</i> on the final vote.</def> [Parliamentary
Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Kinematics)</i> <def>In a mechanism, two
elements, or bodies, which are so applied to each other as to mutually
constrain relative motion.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Pairs</i> are named in accordance with the kind of motion
they permit; thus, a journal and its bearing form a <i>turning
pair</i>, a cylinder and its piston a <i>sliding pair</i>, a screw and
its nut a <i>twisting pair</i>, etc. Any <i>pair</i> in which the
constraining contact is along lines or at points only (as a cam and
roller acting together), is designated a <i>higher pair</i>; any
<i>pair</i> having constraining surfaces which fit each other (as a
cylindrical pin and eye, a screw and its nut, etc.), is called a
<i>lower pair</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Pair royal</b></col> (pl. <plw><b>Pairs Royal</b></plw>)
<cd>three things of a sort; -- used especially of playing cards in
some games, as cribbage; as three kings, three "eight spots" etc. Four
of a kind are called a <i>double pair royal</i>.</cd> "Something in
his face gave me as much pleasure as a <i>pair royal</i> of naturals
in my own hand." <i>Goldsmith.</i> "That great <i>pair royal</i> of
adamantine sisters [the Fates]." <i>Quarles.</i> [Written corruptly
<i>parial</i> and <i>prial</i>.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Pair</u>, <u>Flight</u>, <u>Set</u>.  Originally,
<i>pair</i> was not confined to two things, but was applied to any
number of equal things (<i>pares</i>), that go together. Ben Jonson
speaks of a <i>pair</i> (set) of chessmen; also, he and Lord Bacon
speak of a <i>pair</i> (pack) of cards. A "<i>pair</i> of stairs" is
still in popular use, as well as the later expression, "flight of
stairs."</p>

<p><hw>Pair</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pairing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be joined in paris; to
couple; to mate, as for breeding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suit; to fit, as a
counterpart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My heart was made to fit and <i>pair</i> with
thine.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as <i>To pair off</i>. See phrase
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To pair off</b></col>, <cd>to separate from a company in
pairs or couples; specif. (Parliamentary Cant), to agree with one of
the opposite party or opinion to abstain from voting on specified
questions or issues. See <u>Pair</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
6.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pair</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
unite in couples; to form a pair of; to bring together, as things
which belong together, or which complement, or are adapted to one
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Glossy jet is <i>paired</i> with shining
white.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To engage (one's self) with another of
opposite opinions not to vote on a particular question or class of
questions.</def> [Parliamentary Cant]</p>

<p><col><b>Paired fins</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Fin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pair</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Impair</u>.] <def>To
impair.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pair"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
impairs.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pair"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pair</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
uniting or arranging in pairs or couples.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <i>To pair off</i>, under <u>Pair</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Pairyng time</b></col>, <cd>the time when birds or other
animals pair.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pair"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Impairment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pu&iuml;s</i>,
F. <i>pays</i>, country.] <i>(O. E. Law)</i> <def>The country; the
people of the neighborhood.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A trial <i>per pais</i> is a trial by the country, that is,
by a jury; and matter <i>in pais</i> is matter triable by the country,
or jury.</p>

<p><hw>||Pa`i*sa"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., of the
country, &?;ative.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chaparral
cock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Paise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Obs</i>.] <def>See
<u>Poise</u>.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"jock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A peacock.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pak"fong`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Packfong</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A
mate; a partner; esp., an accomplice or confederate.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Pal"ace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>palais</i>, F.
<i>palais</i>, fr. L. <i>palatium</i>, fr. <i>Palatium</i>, one of the
seven hills of Rome, &?; which Augustus had his residence.  Cf.
<u>Paladin</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The residence of a sovereign, including the
lodgings of high officers of state, and rooms for business, as well as
halls for ceremony and reception.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The official residence of a bishop or other
distinguished personage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Loosely, any unusually magnificent or
stately house.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Palace car</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Car</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Palace court</b></col>, <cd>a court having jurisdiction of
personal actions arising within twelve miles of the palace at
Whitehall. The court was abolished in 1849.</cd> [Eng.]  <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*la"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Palatial.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Graunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.It.
<i>paladino</i>, fr. L. <i>palatinus</i> an officer of the palace. See
<u>Palatine</u>.] <def>A knight-errant; a distinguished champion; as,
the <i>paladins</i> of Charlemagne.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"l&aelig;*o-</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Paleo-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`l&aelig;*og"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Pa`l&aelig;*o*graph"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, etc.
<def>See <u>Paleographer</u>, <u>Paleographic</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"l&aelig;*o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Pal&aelig;o-</i> + <i>-type</i>.] <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A system of
representing all spoken sounds by means of the printing types in
common use.</def> <i>Ellis.</i> -- <wf>Pa`l&aelig;*o*typ"ic*al</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Pa`l&aelig;*o*typ"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*l&aelig;s"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Palestra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*l&aelig;s"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Palestric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*l&aelig;`ti*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One versed in pal&aelig;tiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*l&aelig;`ti*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Pal</i>&aelig;o- + <i>&aelig;tiology</i>.] <def>The science which
explains, by the law of causation, the past condition and changes of
the earth.</def> -- <wf>Pa*l&aelig;`ti*o*log"ic*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pal"a*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Palamme</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the palm.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A membrane extending between the toes of a
bird, and uniting them more or less closely together.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal`a*me"de*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order, or suborder, including the kamichi,
and allied South American birds; -- called also <i>screamers</i>. In
many anatomical characters they are allied to the Anseres, but they
externally resemble the wading birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`am*pore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Palempore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*lan"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It., Pg., &amp; Sp.
<i>palanca</i>, fr.L. <i>palanga</i>, <i>phalanga</i> a pole, Gr.&?; ]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A camp permanently intrenched, attached to Turkish
frontier fortresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`an*quin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>palanquin</i>, Pg. <i>palanquim</i>, Javan. <i>palangki</i>,
OJavan. <i>palangkan</i>, through Prakrit fr. Skr. <i>parya&?;ka</i>,
<i>palya&?;ka</i>, bed, couch; <i>pari</i> around (akin to E. pref.
<i>peri-</i>) + <i>a&?;ka</i> a hook, flank, probably akin to E.
<i>angle</i> fishing tackle.  Cf. <u>Palkee</u>.] <def>An inclosed
carriage or litter, commonly about eight feet long, four feet wide,
and four feet high, borne on the shoulders of men by means of two
projecting poles, -- used in India, China, etc., for the conveyance of
a single person from place to place.</def> [Written also
<i>palankeen</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*lap"te*ryx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-</i> +
<i>apteryx</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A large extinct ostrichlike
bird of New Zealand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`a*ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Palatableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Palate</u>.] <def>Agreeable to the palate or taste; savory; hence,
acceptable; pleasing; as, <i>palatable</i> food; <i>palatable</i>
advice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*ta*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being agreeable to the taste; relish;
acceptableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*ta*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a palatable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>palatal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
palate; palatine; as, the <i>palatal</i> bones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Uttered by the aid of
the palate; -- said of certain sounds, as the sound of <i>k</i> in
<i>kirk</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A
sound uttered, or a letter pronounced, by the aid of the palate, as
the letters <i>k</i> and <i>y</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*tal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Phon.)</i>
<def>To palatize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>palatum</i>: cf.
F. <i>palais</i>, Of. also <i>palat</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The roof of the mouth.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The fixed portion, or palate proper, supported by the
maxillary and palatine bones, is called the <i>hard palate</i> to
distinguish it from the membranous and muscular curtain which
separates the cavity of the mouth from the pharynx and is called the
<i>soft palate</i>, or <i>velum</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relish; taste; liking; -- a sense
originating in the mistaken notion that the palate is the organ of
taste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hard task! to hit the <i>palate</i> of such
guests.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Mental relish; intellectual
taste.</def>  <i>T. Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A projection in the throat of
such flowers as the snapdragon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To perceive by the
taste.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*la"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>palatium</i>
palace. See <u>Palace</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a palace;
suitable for a palace; resembling a palace; royal; magnificent; as,
<i>palatial</i> structures.</def> "<i>Palatial</i> style."  <i>A.
Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*la"tial</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>From</i>
<u>Palate</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Palatal; palatine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*la"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A palatal
letter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Jones.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*lat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Palatal; palatine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*lat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A
palatal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*lat"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>palatinat</i>. See <u>Palatine</u>.] <def>The province or seigniory
of a palatine; the dignity of a palatine.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*lat"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a
palatinate of.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>palatin</i>,
L. <i>palatinus</i>, fr. <i>palatium</i>. See <u>Palace</u>, and cf.
<u>Paladin</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a palace, or to a high
officer of a palace; hence, possessing royal privileges.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Count palatine</b></col>, <col><b>County
palatine</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Count</u>, and
<u>County</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Palatine hill</b></col>, or <col><b>The
palatine</b></col>, <cd>one of the seven hills of Rome, once occupied
by the palace of the C&aelig;sars. See <u>Palace</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One invested with royal privileges and rights within his domains;
a count palatine. See <i>Count palatine</i>, under 4th
<u>Count</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Palatine hill in Rome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*tine</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Palate.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the palate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Palatine bones</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a pair of
bones (often united in the adult) in the root of the mouth, back of
and between the maxillaries.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*tine</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
palatine bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pleasing to the
taste; palatable.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Palative</i> delights."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To modify, as
the tones of the voice, by means of the palate; as, to <i>palatize</i>
a letter or sound.</def> -- <wf>Pal`a*ti*za"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>J. Peile.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*to-</hw> (?). [From <u>Palate</u>.] <def>A combining form
used in anatomy to indicate <i>relation to</i>, or <i>connection
with</i>, <i>the palate</i>; as in <i>palatolingual</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal`a*to*na"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Palato-</u>, and <u>Nares</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The posterior
nares. See <u>Nares</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`a*top*ter"y*goid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Palato-
</i> + <i>pterygoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
palatine and pterygoid region of the skull; as, the
<i>palatopterygoid</i> cartilage, or rod, from which the palatine and
pterygoid bones are developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*la"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>palabra</i>,
or Pg. <i>palavra</i>, fr. L. <i>parabola</i> a comparison, a parable,
LL., a word. See <u>Parable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Talk; conversation; esp., idle or beguiling
talk; talk intended to deceive; flattery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In Africa, a parley with the natives; a
talk; hence, a public conference and deliberation; a debate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This epoch of parliaments and eloquent
<i>palavers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*la"ver</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Palavered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Palavering</u>.] <def>To make palaver with, or to; to used
palaver;to talk idly or deceitfully; to employ flattery; to cajole;
as, to <i>palaver</i> artfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Palavering</i> the little language for her
benefit.</blockquote> <i>C. Bront&?;</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*la"ver*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
palavers; a flatterer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pale</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Paler</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Palest</u>.] [F.
<i>p&acirc;le</i>, fr. <i>p&acirc;lir</i> to turn pale, L.
<i>pallere</i> to be o&?; look pale.  Cf. <u>Appall</u>,
<u>Fallow</u>, <u>pall</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>,
<u>Pallid</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in color; not ruddy; dusky white;
pallid; wan; as, a <i>pale</i> face; a <i>pale</i> red; a <i>pale</i>
blue.</def> "<i>Pale</i> as a forpined ghost."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Speechless he stood and <i>pale</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are not of complexion red or
<i>pale</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Randolph.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not bright or brilliant; of a faint luster
or hue; dim; as, the <i>pale</i> light of the moon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The night, methinks, is but the daylight sick;<BR>
It looks a little <i>paler</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Pale</i> is often used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>pale</i>-colored, <i>pale</i>-eyed,
<i>pale</i>-faced, <i>pale</i>-looking, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Pale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Paleness; pallor.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pale</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paling</u>.] <def>To turn pale; to lose color or luster.</def>
<i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Apt to <i>pale</i> at a trodden worm.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pale</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make pale; to
diminish the brightness of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The glow&?;worm shows the matin to be near,<BR>
And gins to <i>pale</i> his uneffectual fire.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pal</i>, fr. L.
<i>palus</i>: cf. D. <i>paal</i>. See <u>Pol&?;</u> a stake, and lst
<u>Pallet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pointed stake or slat,
either driven into the ground, or fastened to a rail at the top and
bottom, for fencing or inclosing; a picket.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Deer creep through when a <i>pale</i> tumbles
down.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which incloses or fences in; a
boundary; a limit; a fence; a palisade.</def> "Within one <i>pale</i>
or hedge."  <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A space or field having bounds or limits; a
limited region or place; an inclosure; -- often used
figuratively.</def> "To walk the studious cloister's <i>pale</i>."
<i>Milton.</i> "Out of the <i>pale</i> of civilization."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A stripe or band, as on a garment.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of the greater
ordinaries, being a broad perpendicular stripe in an escutcheon,
equally distant from the two edges, and occupying one third of
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A cheese scoop.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A shore for bracing a
timber before it is fastened.</def></p>

<p><col><b>English pale</b></col> <i>(Hist.)</i>, <cd>the limits or
territory within which alone the English conquerors of Ireland held
dominion for a long period after their invasion of the country in
1172.</cd>  <i>Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pale</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose with pales,
or as with pales; to encircle; to encompass; to fence off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Your isle, which stands]  ribbed and <i>paled</i>
in<BR>
With rocks unscalable and roaring waters.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pa"le*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pale&aelig;</b></plw> (-&emacr;). [L., chaff.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
interior chaff or husk of grasses.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One
of the chaffy scales or bractlets growing on the receptacle of many
compound flowers, as the Coreopsis, the sunflower, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A pendulous process of
the skin on the throat of a bird, as in the turkey; a
dewlap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>palea</i>
chaff.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Chaffy; resembling or consisting of
pale&aelig;, or chaff; furnished with chaff; as, a <i>paleaceous</i>
receptacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*arc"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-</i> +
<i>arctic</i>.] <def>Belonging to a region of the earth's surface
which includes all Europe to the Azores, Iceland, and all temperate
Asia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Paled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 5th <u>Pale</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Striped.</def> [Obs.] "[Buskins] . . .
<i>paled</i> part per part."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclosed with a paling.</def> "A
<i>paled</i> green."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`le*&euml;ch`i*noi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>Paleo-</u>, and <u>Echinoidea</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An extinct order of sea urchins found in the Paleozoic rocks.
They had more than twenty vertical rows of plates. Called also
<i>Pal&aelig;echini</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>Pal&aelig;echinoidea</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 1032 !></p>

<p><hw>Pale"face`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A white person;
-- an appellation supposed to have been applied to the whites by the
American Indians.</def>  <i>J. F. Cooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`le*ich"thy*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Paleo-</u>, and <u>Ichthyology</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
comprehensive division of fishes which includes the elasmobranchs and
ganoids.</def> [Written also <i>Pal&aelig;ichthyes</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pale"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <i>Pale</i>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>In a pale manner; dimly; wanly; not freshly
or ruddily.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal`em*pore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A superior
kind of dimity made in India, -- used for bed coverings.</def>
[Written also <i>palampore</i>, <i>palampoor</i>, etc.]  <i>De
Colange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pale"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being pale; want of freshness or ruddiness; a sickly
whiteness; lack of color or luster; wanness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The blood the virgin's cheek forsook;<BR>
A livid <i>paleness</i> spreads o'er all her look.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*len"que</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>A collective name for the Indians of Nicaragua and
Honduras.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"le*o-</hw> (?). [Gr. <i>&?;</i>, adj.] <def>A combining form
meaning <i>old</i>, <i>ancient</i>; as, <i>pale</i>arctic,
<i>pale</i>ontology, <i>paleo</i>there, <i>paleo</i>graphy.</def>
[Written also <i>pal&aelig;o</i>-.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*bot"a*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in paleobotany.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*bot"a*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-</i>
+ <i>botany</i>.] <def>That branch of paleontology which treats of
fossil plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`le*o*car"ida</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <i>&?;</i> ancient + <i>&?;</i>, <i>&?;</i>, <i>&?;</i>, a kind of
crustacean.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Merostomata</u>.</def> [Written also <i>Pal&aelig;ocarida</i>.]
</p>

<p><hw>||Pa`le*o*cri*noi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Paleo-</u>, and <u>Crinoidea</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
suborder of Crinoidea found chiefly in the Paleozoic rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*crys"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-</i>
+ Gr. <i>&?;</i> ice.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, a
former glacial formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*g&aelig;"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-
</i> + Gr. <i>&?;</i> the eart] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Eastern hemisphere.</def> [Written also
<i>pal&aelig;og&aelig;an</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa"le*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ancient
manuscript.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*og"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in paleography; a paleographist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa`le*o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pa`le*o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pal&eacute;ographique</i>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to paleography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*og"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in paleography; a paleographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*og"ra*phy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>pal&eacute;ographie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An ancient manner of writing; ancient writings, collectively; as,
Punic <i>paleography</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The study of ancient inscriptions and modes
of writing; the art or science of deciphering ancient writings, and
determining their origin, period, etc., from external characters;
diplomatics.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*le"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paleol&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>palea</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A diminutive or secondary palea; a
lodicule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"le*o*lith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-</i> +
<i>-lith</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A relic of the Paleolithic
era.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*lith"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to an era marked by early stone implements. The
<i>Paleolithic</i> era (as proposed by Lubbock) includes the earlier
half of the "Stone Age;" the remains belonging to it are for the most
part of extinct animals, with relics of human beings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*ol"ogist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in paleology; a student of antiquity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The study or knowledge of antiquities, esp. of
prehistoric antiquities; a discourse or treatise on antiquities;
arch&aelig;ology .</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*on`to*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to the description of fossil remains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*on*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-
</i> + Gr. &?; existing things + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The description
of fossil remains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*on`to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to paleontology.</def> --
<wf>Pa`le*on`to*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*on*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pal&eacute;ontologiste</i>.] <def>One versed in
paleontology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*on*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; existing things + <i>-logy</i>.  Cf. <u>Ontology</u>.]
<def>The science which treats of the ancient life of the earth, or of
fossils which are the remains of such life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*phy*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
paleobotanist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*phy*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-
</i> + <i>phytology</i>.] <def>Paleobotany.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*or`ni*thol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-
</i> + <i>ornithology</i>.] <def>The branch of paleontology which
treats of fossil birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL., fr. Gr.
<i>&?;</i> ancient +  &?; a lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of
fossil saurians found in the Permian formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*tech"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-</i>
+ <i>technic</i>.] <def>Belonging to, or connected with, ancient
art.</def> "The <i>paleotechnic</i> men of central France."  <i>D.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"le*o*there</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pal&eacute;oth&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Any species of
Paleotherium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*the"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pal&eacute;oth&eacute;rien</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to Paleotherium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`le*o*the"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; ancient + &?; beast.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct genus
of herbivorous Tertiary mammals, once supposed to have resembled the
tapir in form, but now known to have had a more slender form, with a
long neck like that of a llama.</def> [Written also
<i>Pal&aelig;otherium</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*the"roid</hw> (?), [<i>Paleothere</i> + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Resembling Paleotherium.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An animal resembling, or allied to, the
paleothere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"le*o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pal&aelig;otype</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"le*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>palea</i>
chaff.] <def>Chaffy; like chaff; paleaceous.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Paleo-</i> +
Gr. &?; life, fr. &?; to live.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to, or designating, the older division of geological time during which
life is known to have existed, including the Silurian, Devonian, and
Carboniferous ages, and also to the life or rocks of those ages. See
<i>Chart of</i> <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*zo*&ouml;l"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The Paleozoic time or strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`le*o*zo*&ouml;"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Paleo-</i> + <i>zo&ouml;logy</i>.] <def>The science of extinct
animals, a branch of paleontology.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pale"sie</hw> (?), <hw>Pale"sy</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Palsy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pal`es*tin"i*an</hw> (?), <hw>Pal`es*tin"e*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Palestine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*les"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Palestr&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Palestras</b></plw>
(#). [NL., fr. L. <i>palaestra</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to wrestle.]
[Written also <i>pal&aelig;stra</i>.] <i>(Antiq.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A wrestling school; hence, a gymnasium, or
place for athletic exercise in general.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A wrestling; the exercise of wrestling.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa*les"tri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Pa*les"tric</hw> (?),
<hw>Pa*les"tric*al</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>palaestricus</i>, Gr. &?;] <def>Of or pertaining to the palestra,
or to wrestling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Palea</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Palea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal"e*tot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>paletot</i>,
OF. <i>palletoc</i>, prob. fr. L. <i>palla</i> (see <u>Palla</u>) + F.
<i>toque</i> cap, and so lit., a frock with a cap or hood; cf. Sp.
<i>paletoque</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An overcoat.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A lady's outer garment, -- of
varying fashion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"ette</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pallet</u> a
thin board.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A thin, oval or square
board, or tablet, with a thumb hole at one end for holding it, on
which a painter lays and mixes his pigments.</def> [Written also
<i>pallet</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>One of the plates
covering the points of junction at the bend of the shoulders and
elbows.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A breastplate for a breast
drill.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Palette knife</b></col>, <cd>a knife with a very flexible
steel blade and no cutting edge, rounded at the end, used by painters
to mix colors on the grinding slab or palette.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
the palette</b></col> <i>(Paint.)</i>, <cd>to lay upon it the required
pigments in a certain order, according to the intended use of them in
a picture.</cd>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pale"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>In the manner of a pale or pales; by perpendicular lines or
divisions; as, to divide an escutcheon <i>palewise</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"frey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>palefrai</i>,
OF. <i>palefrei</i>, F. <i>palefroi</i>, LL. <i>palafredus</i>,
<i>parafredus</i>, from L. <i>paraveredus</i> a horse for
extraordinary occasions, an extra post horse; Gr. &?; along, beside +
L. <i>veredus</i> a post horse.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A saddle horse for the road, or for state
occasions, as distinguished from a war horse.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small saddle horse for ladies.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Call the host and bid him bring<BR>
Charger and <i>palfrey</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"freyed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mounted on a
palfrey.</def>  <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"grave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Palsgrave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Palus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ceylonese, fr. Skr.
<i>p&amacr;li</i> row, line, series, applied to the series of Buddhist
sacred texts.] <def>A dialect descended from Sanskrit, and like that,
a dead language, except when used as the sacred language of the
Buddhist religion in Farther India, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>palus</i> a stake + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make: cf. F.
<i>palification</i>. See <u>-fy</u>.] <def>The act or practice of
driving piles or posts into the ground to make it firm.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Resembling a palus; as, the <i>paliform</i> lobes of the septa in
corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*lil"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>palilogia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; again + &?; to speak.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<def>The repetition of a word, or part of a sentence, for the sake of
greater emphasis; as, "The <i>living</i>, the <i>living</i>, he shall
praise thee."</def>  <i>Is. xxxviii. 19.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"imp*sest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>palimpsestus</i>, Gr. &?; scratched or scraped again, &?; a
palimpsest; &?; again + &?; to rub, rub away: cf. F.
<i>palimpseste</i>.] <def>A parchment which has been written upon
twice, the first writing having been erased to make place for the
second.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"in*drome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; running
back again; &?; again + &?; to run: cf. F. <i>palindrome</i>.] <def>A
word, verse, or sentence, that is the same when read backward or
forward; as, <i>madam</i>; <i>Hannah</i>; or <i>Lewd did I live, &
evil I did dwel</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pal`in*drom"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pal`in*drom"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or like, a
palindrome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*lin"dro*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
palindromes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pales, in general; a fence formed with pales or pickets; a limit;
an inclosure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They moved within the <i>paling</i> of order and
decorum.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of placing pales or stripes on
cloth; also, the stripes themselves.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Paling board</b></col>, <cd>one of the slabs sawed from the
sides of a log to fit it to be sawed into boards.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pal`in*ge*ne"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL.]
<def>See <u>Palingenesis</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pal`in*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <hw>Pal`in*gen"e*sy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; again + &?; birth: cf. F.
<i>paling&eacute;n&eacute;sie</i>. See <u>Genesis</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A new birth; a re-creation; a regeneration;
a continued existence in different manner or form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>That form of evolution in
which the truly ancestral characters conserved by heredity are
reproduced in development; original simple descent; -- distinguished
from <i>kenogenesis</i>. Sometimes, in zo&ouml;logy, the abrupt
metamorphosis of insects, crustaceans, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`in*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to palingenesis: as, a <i>palingenetic</i> process.</def> -
- <wf>Pal`in*ge*net"ic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pal"i*node</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>palinodia</i>,
from Gr. &?;; &?; again + &?; a song. See <u>Ode</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ode recanting, or retracting, a former one;
also, a repetition of an ode.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A retraction; esp., a formal
retraction.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal`i*no"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a palinode, or retraction.</def>  <i>J. Q.
Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"i*no*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Palinode</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal`inu"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from L.
<i>Palinurus</i>, the pilot of &AElig;neas.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An
instrument for obtaining directly, without calculation, the true
bearing of the sun, and thence the variation of the compass</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`i*sade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>palissade</i>, cf. Sp. <i>palizada</i>, It. <i>palizzata</i>,
<i>palizzo</i>, LL. <i>palissata</i>; all fr. L. <i>palus</i> a stake,
pale. See <u>Pale</u> a stake.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i>
<def>A strong, long stake, one end of which is set firmly in the
ground, and the other is sharpened; also, a fence formed of such
stakes set in the ground as a means of defense.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any fence made of pales or sharp
stakes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Palisade cells</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>vertically
elongated parenchyma cells, such as are seen beneath the epidermis of
the upper surface of many leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Palisade
worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a nematoid worm (<i>Strongylus
armatus</i>), parasitic in the blood vessels of the horse, in which it
produces aneurisms, often fatal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pal`i*sade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Palisaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Palisading</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>palissader</i>.] <def>To surround,
inclose, or fortify, with palisades.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`i*sad"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fort.)</i>
<def>A row of palisades set in the ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`i*sa*"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Palisadoes</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A palisade.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal`i*sa"do</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
palisade.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat pale or
wan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`is*san"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>palissandre</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Violet
wood.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Rosewood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"is*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating, or
of the nature of, a kind of pottery made by Bernard <i>Palissy</i>, in
France, in the 16th centry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Palissy ware</b></col>, <cd>glazed pottery like that made
by Bernard Palissy; especially, that having figures of fishes,
reptiles, etc., in high relief.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pal"kee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>p&amacr;lk&imacr;</i>; of the same origin as E. <i>palanquin</i>.]
<def>A palanquin.</def>  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pawl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pall</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pal</i>, AS.
<i>p&aelig;l</i>, from L. <i>pallium</i> cover, cloak, mantle, pall;
cf. L. <i>palla</i> robe, mantle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An outer
garment; a cloak mantle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His lion's skin changed to a <i>pall</i> of
gold.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of rich stuff used for garments in
the Middle Ages.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (Esther viii. 15).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Pallium</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>About this time Pope Gregory sent two archbishop's
<i>palls</i> into England, -- the one for London, the other for
York.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A figure resembling the Roman
Catholic pallium, or pall, and having the form of the letter
Y.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A large cloth, esp., a heavy black cloth,
thrown over a coffin at a funeral; sometimes, also, over a
tomb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Warriors carry the warrior's <i>pall</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A piece of cardboard,
covered with linen and embroidered on one side; -- used to put over
the chalice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pall</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cloak.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak</i></p>

<p><hw>Pall</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Palled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Palling</u>.] [Either shortened fr. <i>appall</i>, or fr. F.
<i>p&acirc;lir</i> to grow pale.  Cf. <u>Appall</u>, <u>Pale</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To become vapid, tasteless, dull, or
insipid; to lose strength, life, spirit, or taste; as, the liquor
<i>palls</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beauty soon grows familiar to the lover,<BR>
Fades in the eye, and <i>palls</i> upon the sense.</blockquote>
<i>Addisin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pall</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make vapid or insipid; to make lifeless or spiritless; to dull; to
weaken.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Reason and reflection . . . <i>pall</i> all his
enjoyments.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To satiate; to cloy; as, to <i>pall</i> the
appetite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pall</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Nausea.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pal"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Pall</u> a
cloak.] <i>(Rom. Antuq.)</i> <def>An oblong rectangular piece of
cloth, worn by Roman ladies, and fastened with brooches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal*la"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a variety of the revived
classic style of architecture, founded on the works of Andrea
<i>Palladio</i>, an Italian architect of the 16th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal*la"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, palladium; -- used
specifically to designate those compounds in which the element has a
higher valence as contrasted with <i>palladious</i>
compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal*la"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or containing, palladium; -- used specifically
to designate those compounds in which palladium has a lower valence as
compared with <i>palladic</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal*la"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?;, &?;, Pallas.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>Any statue of the
goddess Pallas; esp., the famous statue on the preservation of which
depended the safety of ancient Troy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: That which affords effectual
protection or security; a safeguard; as, the trial by jury is the
<i>palladium</i> of our civil rights.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal*la"di*um</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A rare metallic element of the light platinum group, found
native, and also alloyed with platinum and gold. It is a silver-white
metal resembling platinum, and like it permanent and untarnished in
the air, but is more easily fusible. It is unique in its power of
occluding hydrogen, which it does to the extent of nearly a thousand
volumes, forming the alloy Pd<sub>2</sub>H. It is used for graduated
circles and verniers, for plating certain silver goods, and somewhat
in dentistry. It was so named in 1804 by Wollaston from the asteroid
<i>Pallas</i>, which was discovered in 1802. Symbol Pd. Atomic weight,
106.2.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1033 !></p>

<p><hw>Pal*la"di*um*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Palladiumized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Palladiumizing</u> (?).] <def>To cover or
coat with palladium.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pal"lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large South African antelope (<i>&AElig;pyceros melampus</i>).
The male has long lyrate and annulated horns. The general color is
bay, with a black crescent on the croup. Called also
<i>roodebok</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"las</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;.]
<i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>Pallas Athene, the Grecian goddess of wisdom,
called also <i>Athene</i>, and identified, at a later period, with the
Roman Minerva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pall"bear*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of those
who attend the coffin at a funeral; -- so called from the pall being
formerly carried by them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>paillet</i>, F.
<i>paillet</i> a heap of straw, fr. <i>paille</i> straw, fr. L.
<i>palea</i> chaff; cf. Gr. &?; fine meal, dust, Skr. <i>pala</i>
straw, <i>pal&amacr;va</i> chaff.  Cf. <u>Paillasse</u>.] <def>A small
and mean bed; a bed of straw.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>pale</i>. See
<u>Pale</u> a stake.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A perpendicular band upon an
escutcheon, one half the breadth of the pale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>palette</i>: af. It.
<i>paletta</i>; prop. and orig., a fire shovel, dim. of L. <i>pala</i>
a shovel, spade. See <u>Peel</u> a shovel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Palette</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pottery)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
wooden implement used by potters, crucible makers, etc., for forming,
beating, and rounding their works. It is oval, round, and of other
forms.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A potter's wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gilding)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
instrument used to take up gold leaf from the pillow, and to apply
it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tool for gilding the backs of
books over the bands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Brickmaking)</i> <def>A board on which a
newly molded brick is conveyed to the hack.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A click
or pawl for driving a ratchet wheel.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the series of disks or pistons in the chain pump.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Horology)</i> <def>One of the pieces or
levers connected with the pendulum of a clock, or the balance of a
watch, which receive the immediate impulse of the scape-wheel, or
balance wheel.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In the organ, a valve between
the wind chest and the mouth of a pipe or row of pipes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a pair of shelly
plates that protect the siphon tubes of certain bivalves, as the
Teredo. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Teredo</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A cup containing three ounces, --
&?;ormerly used by surgeons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"li*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pallium</i> a
mantle. See <u>Pall</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pretaining to
a mantle, especially to the mantle of mollusks; produced by the
mantle; as, the <i>pallial</i> line, or impression, which marks the
attachment of the mantle on the inner surface of a bivalve shell. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bivalve</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pallial chamber</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
cavity inclosed by the mantle.</cd> -- <col><b>Pallial sinus</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an inward bending of the pallial line, near
the posterior end of certain bivalve shells, to receive the siphon.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bivalve</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pal"li*a*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>palliare</i> to clothe, fr. L. <i>pallium</i> a manltle. See
<u>Pall</u> the garment.] <def>A dress; a robe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"liard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>paillard</i>,
orig., one addicted to the couch, fr. <i>paille</i> straw. See
<u>Pallet</u> a small bed.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A born beggar; a vagabond.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lecher; a lewd person.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal*liasse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Paillasse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>palliatus</i>,
fr. <i>pallium</i> a cloak. See <u>Pall</u> the garment.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered with a mant&?;e; cloaked;
disguised.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Eased; mitigated; alleviated.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Palliated</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Palliating</u>(?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a mantle
or cloak; to cover up; to hide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Being <i>palliated</i> with a pilgrim's
coat.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with excuses; to conceal the
enormity of, by excuses and apologies; to extenuate; as, to
<i>palliate</i> faults.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They never hide or <i>palliate</i> their
vices.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reduce in violence; to lessen or abate;
to mitigate; to ease withhout curing; as, to <i>palliate</i> a
disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>palliate</i> dullness, and give time a
shove.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To cover; cloak; hide; extenuate; conceal.  -- To
<u>Palliate</u>, <u>Extenuate</u>, <u>Cloak</u>. These words, as here
compared, are used in a figurative sense in reference to our treatment
of wrong action. We <i>cloak</i> in order to conceal completely. We
<i>extenuate</i> a crime when we endeavor to show that it is
<i>less</i> than has been supposed; we <i>palliate</i> a crime when we
endeavor to <i>cover</i> or <i>conceal</i> its enormity, at least in
part.  This naturally leads us to soften some of its features, and
thus <i>palliate</i> approaches <i>extenuate</i> till they have become
nearly or quite identical.  "To <i>palliate</i> is not now used,
though it once was, in the sense of wholly cloaking or covering over,
as it might be, our sins, but in that of <i>extenuating</i>; to
<i>palliate</i> our faults is not to hide them altogether, but to seek
to diminish their guilt in part."  <i>Trench.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Pal`li*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>palliation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of palliating, or
state of being palliated; extenuation; excuse; as, the
<i>palliation</i> of faults, offenses, vices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mitigation; alleviation, as of a
disease.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which cloaks or covers; disguise;
also, the state of being covered or disguised.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pal"li*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>palliatif</i>.] <def>Serving to palliate; serving to extenuate or
mitigate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"li*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
palliates; a palliative agent.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"li*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Palliative;
extenuating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pallidus</i>, fr.
<i>pallere</i> to be or look pale. See <u>pale</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Deficient in color; pale; wan; as, a
<i>pallid</i> countenance; <i>pallid</i> blue.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal*lid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pallidness;
paleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"lid*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pallid
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"lid*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being pallid; paleness; pallor; wanness.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal`li*o*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Brachiopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`li*o*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pallium</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having
the pallium, or mantle, acting as a gill, as in brachiopods.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Pallia</b></plw>(&?;), E. <plw><b>Palliums</b></plw> (#). [L.
See <u>Pall</u> the garment.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Costume)</i>
<def>A large, square, woolen cloak which enveloped the whole person,
worn by the Greeks and by certain Romans. It is the Roman name of a
Greek garment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>A band of white wool, worn
on the shoulders, with four purple crosses worked on it; a
pall.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The wool is obtained from two lambs brought to the basilica
of St. Agnes, Rome, and blessed. It is worn by the pope, and sent to
patriarchs, primates, and archbishops, as a sign that they share in
the plenitude of the episcopal office. Befoer it is sent, the pallium
is laid on the tomb of St. Peter, where it remains all night.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
mantle of a bivalve. See <u>Mantle</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The mantle of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pall`-mall"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>palemail</i>, It. <i>pallamagio</i>; <i>palla</i> a ball (of German
origin, akin to E. <i>ball</i>) + <i>magio</i> hammer, fr. L.
<i>malleus</i>. See lst <u>Ball</u>, and <u>Mall</u> a beetle.] <def>A
game formerly common in England, in which a wooden ball was driven
with a mallet through an elevated hoop or ring of iron. The name was
also given to the mallet used, to the place where the game was played,
and to the street, in London, still called <i>Pall Mall</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>pail-mail</i> and <i>pell-mell</i>.]  <i>Sir K.
Digby. Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal*lo"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., a large ball,
fr. <i>palla</i> ball. See <u>Balloon</u>.] <def>An Italian game,
played with a large leather ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"lor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>pallere</i>
to be or look pale. See <u>Pale</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Paleness; want of color; pallidity; as, <i>pallor</i> of the
complexion.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Palm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>paume</i>, F.
<i>paume</i>, L. <i>palma</i>, Gr. &?;, akin to Skr. <i>p&amacr;ni</i>
hand, and E. <i>fumble</i>. See <u>Fumble</u>, <u>Feel</u>, and cf. 2d
<u>Palm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The inner and
somewhat concave part of the hand between the bases of the fingers and
the wrist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Clench'd her fingers till they bit the
<i>palm</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lineal measure equal either to the
breadth of the hand or to its length from the wrist to the ends of the
fingers; a hand; -- used in measuring a horse's height.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Greece, the palm was reckoned at three inches. The Romans
adopted two measures of this name, the lesser palm of 2.91 inches, and
the greater palm of 8.73 inches. At the present day, this measure
varies in the most arbitrary manner, being different in each country,
and occasionally varying in the same.  <i>Internat. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Sailmaking)</i> <def>A metallic disk,
attached to a strap, and worn the palm of the hand, -- used to push
the needle through the canvas, in sewing sails, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The broad flattened
part of an antler, as of a full-grown fallow deer; -- so called as
resembling the palm of the hand with its protruding fingers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The flat inner face of an
anchor fluke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Palm</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>palm</i>, L.
<i>palma</i>; -- so named fr. the leaf resembling a hand. See lst
<u>Palm</u>, and cf. <u>Pam</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any endogenous tree of the
order <i>Palm&aelig;</i> or <i>Palmace&aelig;</i>; a palm
tree.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Palms are perennial woody plants, often of majestic size.
The trunk is usually erect and rarely branched, and has a roughened
exterior composed of the persistent bases of the leaf stalks. The
leaves are borne in a terminal crown, and are supported on stout,
sheathing, often prickly, petioles. They are usually of great size,
and are either pinnately or palmately many-cleft. There are about one
thousand species known, nearly all of them growing in tropical or
semitropical regions. The wood, petioles, leaves, sap, and fruit of
many species are invaluable in the arts and in domestic economy. Among
the best known are the date palm, the cocoa palm, the fan palm, the
oil palm, the wax palm, the palmyra, and the various kinds called
cabbage palm and palmetto.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A branch or leaf of the palm, anciently
borne or worn as a symbol of victory or rejoicing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A great multitude . . . stood before the throne, and
before the Lamb, clothed with white robes, and <i>palme</i> in their
hands.</blockquote> <i>Rev. vii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Hence: <def>Any symbol or token of superiority,
success, or triumph; also, victory; triumph; supremacy.</def> "The
<i>palm</i> of martyrdom."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So get the start of the majestic world<BR>
And bear the <i>palm</i> alone.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Molucca palm</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a labiate herb
from Asia (<i>Molucella l&aelig;vis</i>), having a curious cup-shaped
calyx.</cd> -- <col><b>Palm cabbage</b></col>, <cd>the terminal bud of
a cabbage palm, used as food.</cd> -- <col><b>Palm cat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common paradoxure.</cd> -- <col><b>Palm
crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the purse crab.</cd> --
<col><b>Palm oil</b></col>, <cd>a vegetable oil, obtained from the
fruit of several species of palms, as the African oil palm
(<i>El&aelig;is Guineensis</i>), and used in the manufacture of soap
and candles. See <u>El&aelig;is</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Palm
swift</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small swift (<i>Cypselus
Batassiensis</i>) which frequents the palmyra and cocoanut palms in
India. Its peculiar nest is attached to the leaf of the palmyra
palm.</cd> -- <col><b>Palm toddy</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Palm
wine</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Palm weevil</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of mumerous species of very large weevils of the genus
<i>Rhynchophorus</i>. The larv&aelig; bore into palm trees, and are
called <i>palm borers</i>, and <i>grugru worms</i>. They are
considered excellent food.</cd> -- <col><b>Palm wine</b></col>,
<cd>the sap of several species of palms, especially, in India, of the
wild date palm (<i>Ph&oelig;nix sylvestrix</i>), the palmyra, and the
<i>Caryota urens</i>. When fermented it yields by distillation arrack,
and by evaporation jaggery. Called also <i>palm toddy</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Palm worm</b></col>, <i>or</i>  <col><b>Palmworm</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The larva of a palm
weevil</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A centipede.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Palm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Palmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Palming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To handle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To manipulate with, or conceal in, the palm
of the hand; to juggle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>palmed</i> the trick that lost the
game.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To impose by fraud, as by sleight of hand;
to put by unfair means; -- usually with <i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For you may <i>palm</i> upon us new for
old.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal*ma"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to palms; of the nature of, or resembling,
palms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal"ma Chris"ti</hw> (?). [L., palm of Christ.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant (<i>Ricinus communis</i>) with ornamental peltate and
palmately cleft foliage, growing as a woody perennial in the tropics,
and cultivated as an herbaceous annual in temperate regions; -- called
also <i>castor-oil plant</i>.</def> [Sometimes corrupted into
<i>palmcrist</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pal"ma*cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A fossil palm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"mar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>palmaris</i>, fr.
<i>palma</i> the palm of the hand: cf. F. <i>palmaire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or corresponding
with, the palm of the hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
under side of the wings of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal*ma"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Palmaria</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Palmar</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the bifurcations of the brachial
plates of a crinoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Palmar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"ma*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>palmarius</i>,
<i>palmaris</i>, belonging to palms, deserving the palm or prize, fr.
<i>palma</i> a palm.] <def>Worthy of the palm; palmy; pre&euml;minent;
superior; principal; chief; as, <i>palmary</i> work.</def>  <i>Br.
Horne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of palmic acid; a ricinoleate.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pal"mate</hw> (?), <hw>Pal"ma*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>palmatus</i> marked with the palm of a
hand, from <i>palma</i> the palm of the hand.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the shape of the hand; resembling a
hand with the fingers spread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Spreading from the apex of a
petiole, as the divisions of a leaf, or leaflets, so as to resemble
the hand with outspread fingers.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Having the anterior toes united by a web, as in most swimming
birds; webbed.</def> See <i>Illust.</i> <i>(i)</i> under <u>Aves</u>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having the distal portion broad, flat, and
more or less divided into lobes; -- said of certain corals, antlers,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"mate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a palmate
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal*mat"i*fid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>palmatus</i> palmate + root of <i>findere</i> to split.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Palmate, with the divisions separated but little
more than halfway to the common center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal*mat"i*lobed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>palmatus</i> palmate + E. <i>lobed</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Palmate, with the divisions separated less than halfway to the
common center.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pal*mat"i*sect</hw> (?), <hw>Pal*mat`i*sect"ed</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>palmatus</i> palmate + <i>secare</i> to
cut.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided, as a palmate leaf, down to the
midrib, so that the parenchyma is interrupted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Palm"crist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The palma
Christi. (<i>Jonah iv. 6, margin, and Douay version,
note.</i>)</def></p>

<p><hw>Palmed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or bearing a
palm or palms.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Palmed deer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a stag of
full growth, bearing palms. See lst <u>Palm</u>, 4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Palm"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Palm</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>One who palms or cheats, as at cards or
dice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Palm"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[From <u>Palm</u> the tree.]
<def>A wandering religious votary; especially, one who bore a branch
of palm as a token that he had visited the Holy Land and its sacred
places.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pilgrims and <i>palmers</i> plighted them
together.</blockquote> <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The pilgrim had some home or dwelling place, the
<i>palmer</i> had none. The pilgrim traveled to some certain, designed
place or places, but the <i>palmer</i> to all.</blockquote> <i>T.
Staveley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Palm"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A palmerworm.</def><BR>
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Angling)</i> <def>Short for
<i><col><b>Palmer fly</b></col></i>, an artificial fly made to imitate
a hairy caterpillar; a hackle.</def><BR>
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]</p>

<p><hw>Palm"er*worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any hairy caterpillar
which appears in great numbers, devouring herbage, and wandering about
like a palmer. The name is applied also to other voracious
insects.</def> <i>Joel. i. 4.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In America,
the larva of any one of several moths, which destroys the foliage of
fruit and forest trees, esp. the larva of <i>Ypsolophus
pometellus</i>, which sometimes appears in vast numbers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal*mette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>palme</i> a palm.] <def>A floral ornament, common in Greek and
other ancient architecture; -- often called <i>the honeysuckle
ornament</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal*met"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>palm</i>
the tree: cf. Sp. <i>palmito</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to
palms of several genera and species growing in the West Indies and the
Southern United States. In the United States, the name is applied
especially to the <i>Cham&aelig;rops, or Sabal, Palmetto</i>, the
cabbage tree of Florida and the Carolinas. See <i>Cabbage tree</i>,
under <u>Cabbage</u>.
</def></p>

<p><! p. 1034 !></p>

<p><col><b>Royal palmetto</b></col>, <cd>the West Indian <i>Sabal
umbraculifera</i>, the trunk of which, when hollowed, is used for
water pipes, etc. The leaves are used for thatching, and for making
hats, ropes, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Saw palmetto</b></col>, <cd><i>Sabal
serrulata</i>, a native of Georgia, South Carolina, and Florida. The
nearly impassable jungle which it forms is called <i>palmetto
scrub</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pal"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>palmique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or derived
from, the castor-oil plant (<i>Ricinus communis</i>, or <i>Palma
Christi</i>); -- formerly used to designate an acid now called
<i>ricinoleic acid</i>.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pal`mi*dac"ty*les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Palm</u>, and <u>Dactyl</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
wading birds having the toes webbed, as the avocet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal*mif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>palmifer</i>; <i>palma</i> a palm + <i>ferre</i> to bear: cf. F.
<i>palmif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Bearing palms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"mi*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>palma</i>
palm of the hand + <i>gradi</i> to walk.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Putting the whole foot upon the ground in walking, as some
mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>palma</i>
Christi: cf. F. <i>palmine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A white waxy or fatty substance obtained from castor oil.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Ricinolein.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pal"mi*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>palmipes</i>,
<i>-edis</i>, broad-footed; <i>palma</i> the palm of the hand +
<i>pes</i> a foot; cf. F. <i>palmip&egrave;de</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Web-footed, as a water fowl.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A swimming bird; a bird having webbed
feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal*mip"e*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Natatores</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"mis*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Palm</u> of
the hand.] <def>One who practices palmistry</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal`mis*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[See
<u>Palmister</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or practice of
divining or telling fortunes, or of judging of character, by the lines
and marks in the palm of the hand; chiromancy.</def>  <i>Ascham.
Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dexterous use or trick of the hand.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"mi*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of palmitic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Palm</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A South African plant (<i>Prionium Palmita</i>) of
the Rush family, having long serrated leaves. The stems have been used
for making brushes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal*mit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, palmitin or palm oil;
as, <i>palmitic</i> acid, a white crystalline body belonging to the
fatty acid series. It is readily soluble in hot alcohol, and melts to
a liquid oil at 62&deg; C.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"mi*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because
abundant in <i>palm</i> oil.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A solid
crystallizable fat, found abundantly in animals and in vegetables. It
occurs mixed with stearin and olein in the fat of animal tissues, with
olein and butyrin in butter, with olein in olive oil, etc. Chemically,
it is a glyceride of palmitic acid, three molecules of palmitic acid
being united to one molecule of glyceryl, and hence it is technically
called <i>tripalmitin</i>, or <i>glyceryl tripalmitate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`mi*tol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Palmit</i>ic +
<i>-ol</i>eic + <i>ic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an artificial acid of the oleic acid series, isomeric
with linoleic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"mi*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The ketone of palmitic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Palm" Sun`day</hw> (?). <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The Sunday next
before Easter; -- so called in commemoration of our Savior's triumphal
entry into Jerusalem, when the multitude strewed palm branches in the
way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Palm"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bearing palms; abounding in palms; derived from palms; as, a
<i>palmy</i> shore.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His golden sands and <i>palmy</i> wine.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of the palm; flourishing;
prosperous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the most high and <i>palmy</i> state of
Rome.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal*my"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
species of palm (<i>Borassus flabelliformis</i>) having a straight,
black, upright trunk, with palmate leaves. It is found native along
the entire northern shores of the Indian Ocean, from the mouth of the
Tigris to New Guinea. More than eight hundred uses to which it is put
are enumerated by native writers. Its wood is largely used for
building purposes; its fruit and roots serve for food, its sap for
making toddy, and its leaves for thatching huts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*lo"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fr. the native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An annelid (<i>Palola viridis</i>) which, at
certain seasons of the year, swarms at the surface of the sea about
some of the Pacific Islands, where it is collected for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`lo*me"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A pompano.</def></p>

<p><hw>Palp</hw> (p&abreve;lp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>palpe</i>. See <u>Palpable</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Palpus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Palp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>palpare</i>: cf. F.
<i>palper</i>.] <def>To have a distinct touch or feeling of; to
feel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To bring a <i>palp&egrave;d darkness o'er the
earth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal`pa*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being palpable, or perceptible by the touch.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"pa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>palpable</i>,
L. <i>palpabilis</i>, fr. <i>palpare</i> to feel, stroke; cf.
<i>palpus</i> the soft palm of the hand.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being touched and felt; perceptible by the touch; as,
a <i>palpable</i> form.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Darkness must overshadow all his bounds,<BR>
<i>Palpable</i> darkness.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Easily perceptible; plain; distinct;
obvious; readily perceived and detected; gross; as, <i>palpable</i>
imposture; <i>palpable</i> absurdity; <i>palpable</i> errors.</def>
"Three persons <i>palpable</i>."  <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Lies] gross as a mountain, open,
<i>palpable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pal"pa*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pal"pa*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pal*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>palpatio</i>,
fr. <i>palpare</i>. See <u>Palpable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act
of touching or feeling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Examination of a patient by
touch.</def>  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pal*pa"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a stroker.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a family of clavicorn beetles,
including those which have very long maxillary palpi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal"pe*bra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Palpebr&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The eyelid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"pe*bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>palpebralis</i>, fr. <i>palpebra</i>: cf. F.
<i>palp&eacute;bral</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
eyelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"pe*brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having eyelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Palped</hw> (p&abreve;lpt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a palpus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal"pi</hw> (p&abreve;l"p&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Palpus</u>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> See
<u>Palpus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"pi*corn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Palpus</u>,
and <u>Cornu</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a group of aquatic
beetles (<i>Palpicornia</i>) having short club-shaped antenn&aelig;,
and long maxillary palpi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"pi*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Palpus</i> + L.
<i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Palpiger</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"pi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Palpus</i> +
<i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>palpiforme</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the form of a palpus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"pi*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Palpigerous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>That portion of the
labium which bears the palpi in insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal*pig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Palpus</i> +
<i>-gerous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bearing a palpus.</def>
<i>Kirby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"pi*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>palpitans</i>, p. pr.] <def>Palpitating; throbbing;
trembling.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"pi*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Palpitated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Palpitating</u>(?).] [L. <i>palpitare</i>,
<i>palpitatum</i>, v. intens. fr. <i>pappare</i>. See
<u>Palpable</u>.] <def>To beat rapidly and more strongly than usual;
to throb; to bound with emotion or exertion; to pulsate violently; to
flutter; -- said specifically of the heart when its action is
abnormal, as from excitement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`pi*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>palpitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>palpitation</i>.] <def>A rapid pulsation;
a throbbing; esp., an abnormal, rapid beating of the heart as when
excited by violent exertion, strong emotion, or by disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Palp"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Without a palpus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"po*cil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Palpus</u>,
and <u>Cilium</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A minute soft filamentary
process springing from the surface of certain hydroids and
sponges.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Palpi</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Palp</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A feeler; especially, one of the jointed
sense organs attached to the mouth organs of insects, arachnids,
crustaceans, and annelids; as, the mandibular <i>palpi</i>, maxillary
<i>palpi</i>, and labial <i>palpi</i>. The palpi of male spiders serve
as sexual organs. Called also <i>palp</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Arthrogastra</u> and <u>Orthoptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pals"grave`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>paltsgraaf</i>; <i>palts</i> palace (l. <i>palatium</i>) +
<i>graaf</i> count; cf. G. <i>pfalzgraf</i>. See <u>Palace</u>, and
<u>Landgrave</u>.] <i>(Ger. Hist.)</i> <def>A count or earl who
presided in the domestic court, and had the superintendence, of a
royal household in Germany.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pals"gra*vine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[D.
<i>paltsgravin</i>: cf. G. <i>pfalzgrafin</i>.] <def>The consort or
widow of a palsgrave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"si*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[From <u>Palsy</u>.]
<def>Affected with palsy; palsied; paralytic.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"sied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
palsy; paralyzed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"stave`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan.
<i>paalstav</i>.] <def>A peculiar bronze adz, used in prehistoric
Europe about the middle of the bronze age.</def>  <i>Dawkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>palsterstaf</i>.] <def>A pilgrim's staff.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Palsies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>palesie</i>, <i>parlesy</i>,
OF. <i>paralesie</i>, F. <i>paralysie</i>, L. <i>paralysis</i>. See
<u>Paralysis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Paralysis, complete or partial.
See <u>Paralysis</u>.</def> "One sick of the <i>palsy</i>."  <i>Mark
ii. 3.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bell's palsy</b></col>, <cd>paralysis of the facial nerve,
producing distortion of one side of the face; -- so called from Sir
Charles <i>Bell</i>, an English surgeon who described it.</cd> --
<col><b>Scrivener's palsy</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Writer's cramp</i>,
under <u>Writer</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shaking palsy</b></col>,
<cd><i>paralysis agitans</i>, a disease usually occurring in old
people, characterized by muscular tremors and a peculiar shaking and
tottering gait.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pal"sy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Palsied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Palsying</u>.] <def>To affect with palsy, or as with palsy; to
deprive of action or energy; to paralyze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"sy*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The cowslip (<i>Primula veris</i>); -- so called from its
supposed remedial powers.</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paltered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paltering</u>.] [See <u>Paltry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
haggle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act in insincere or deceitful manner; to
play false; to equivocate; to shift; to dodge; to trifle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Romans, that have spoke the word,<BR>
And will not <i>palter</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who never sold the truth to serve the hour,<BR>
Nor <i>paltered</i> with eternal God for power.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To babble; to chatter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pal"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To trifle with; to
waste; to squander in paltry ways or on worthless things.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Palter</i> out your time in the penal statutes."  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
palters.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Paltry;
shabby; shabbily; paltrily.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] "In
<i>palterly</i> clothes."  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"tock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Paletot</u>.]
<def>A kind of doublet; a jacket.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"tri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a paltry
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"tri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being paltry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Paltrier</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Paltriest</u>.] [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>paltry</i> refuse, rubbish, LG. <i>paltering</i> ragged,
<i>palte</i>, <i>palter</i>, a rag, a tatter, Dan. <i>pialt</i>, Sw.
<i>palta</i>, pl. <i>paltor</i>.] <def>Mean; vile; worthless;
despicable; contemptible; pitiful; trifling; as, a <i>paltry</i>
excuse; <i>paltry</i> gold.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>paltry</i> prize is hardly worth the
cost.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Contemptible</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pa*lu"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>palus</i>, <i>-
udis</i>, a marsh.] <def>Of or pertaining to marshes or fens;
marshy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Paludal fever</b></col>, <cd>malarial fever; -- so called
because generated in marshy districts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pa*lu"da*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Paludamentum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*lu`da*men*tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paladumenta</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A
military cloak worn by a general and his principal officers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal`u*dic"o*l&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>palus</i>, <i>-udis</i>, a marsh + <i>colere</i> to
inhabit.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of birds, including the
cranes, rails, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*lu"di*cole</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>paludicole</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Marsh-inhabiting;
belonging to the Paludicol&aelig;</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal`u*di"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Paludin&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Paludinas</b></plw>
(#). [NL., fr. L. <i>palus</i>, <i>-udis</i>, a marsh, pool.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of freshwater
pectinibranchiate mollusks, belonging to <i>Paludina</i>,
<i>Melantho</i>, and allied genera. They have an operculated shell
which is usually green, often with brown bands. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<i>Pond snail</i>, under <u>Pond</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`u*di"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inhabiting
ponds or swamps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"u*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>palus</i>,
<i>-udis</i>, a marsh.] <def>Of or pertaining to a marsh.</def>
<i>Buckland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*lu"di*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Paludinal.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Like or pertaining to the genus
Paludina.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a marsh or fen.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*lu"dism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The morbid phenomena produced by dwelling among marshes; malarial
disease or disposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"u*dose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>paludosus</i>
marshy.] <def>Growing or living in marshy places; marshy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Palulus</u> <i>or</i> <u>Palus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pal"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paluli</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>palus</i> a stake.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Palus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pali</b></plw> (#). [L., a stake.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of several upright slender calcareous processes which
surround the central part of the calicle of certain corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*lus"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>paluster</i>,
<i>-ustris</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a bog or marsh; boggy.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*lus"trine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or living in, a marsh or swamp; marshy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Pale</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Pale; wanting color; dim.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Shak. Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pal"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pal&eacute;</i>.
See <u>Pale</u> a stake.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Divided into four or more
equal parts by perpendicular lines, and of two different tinctures
disposed alternately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Palm</u> victory;
cf. <i>trump</i>, fr. <i>triumph</i>.] <def>The knave of clubs.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pavement.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pam"pa*no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pompano</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pam"pas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Sp., fr. Peruv.
<i>pampa</i> a field, plain.] <def>Vast plains in the central and
southern part of the Argentine Republic in South America. The term is
sometimes used in a wider sense for the plains extending from Bolivia
to Southern Patagonia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pampas cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South
American wild cat (<i>Felis pajeros</i>). It has oblique transverse
bands of yellow or brown. It is about three and a half feet long.
Called also <i>straw cat</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pampas deer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small, reddish-brown, South American deer
(<i>Cervus, or Blastocerus, campestris</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Pampas
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a very tall ornamental grass
(<i>Gynerium argenteum</i>) with a silvery-white silky panicle. It is
a native of the pampas of South America.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pam"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pampered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pampering</u>.] [Cf. LG. <i>pampen</i>, <i>slampampen</i>, to live
luxuriously, <i>pampe</i> thick pap, and E. <i>pap</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feed to the full; to feed luxuriously;
to glut; as, to <i>pamper</i> the body or the appetite.</def> "A body
. . . <i>pampered</i> for corruption."  <i>Dr. T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gratify inordinately; to indulge to
excess; as, to <i>pamper</i> pride; to <i>pamper</i> the
imagination.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pam"pered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fed luxuriously;
indulged to the full; hence, luxuriant.</def> "<i>Pampered</i>
boughs." <i>Milton.</i> "<i>Pampered</i> insolence." <i>Pope.</i> --
<wf>Pam"pered*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pam"per*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, pampers.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pam"per*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
pamper.</def> [R.]  <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pam*pe"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Sp., fr.
<i>pampa</i> a plain.] <def>A violent wind from the west or southwest,
which sweeps over the pampas of South America and the adjacent seas,
often doing great damage.</def>  <i>Sir W. Parish.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pam*pe"ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Pampero</b></singw> (&?;). [Sp. American.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>A tribe of Indians inhabiting the pampas of South
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pam"phlet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pamflet</i>,
<i>pamfilet</i>, <i>paunflet</i>, possibly fr. OF. <i>palme</i> the
palm of the hand, F. <i>paume</i> (see <u>Palm</u>) + OF.
<i>fueillet</i> a leaf, dim. of <i>fueil</i>, m., F. <i>feuille</i>,
f., fr. L. <i>folium</i>, pl. <i>folia</i>, thus meaning, a leaf to be
held in the hand; or perh. through old French, fr. L. <i>Pamphila</i>,
a female historian of the first century who wrote many epitomes;
prob., however, fr. OF. <i>Pamflette</i>, the Old French name given to
<i>Pamphilus</i>, a poem in Latin verse of the 12th century, pamphlets
being named from the popularity of this poem.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A writing; a book.</def>  <i>Testament of love.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir Thomas More in his <i>pamphlet</i> of Richard the
Third.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small book consisting of a few sheets of
printed paper, stitched together, often with a paper cover, but not
bound; a short essay or written discussion, usually on a subject of
current interest.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1035 !></p>

<p><hw>Pam"phlet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To write a
pamphlet or pamphlets.</def> [R.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pam`phlet*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
pamphlets; a scribbler.</def>  <i>Dryden. Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pam`phlet*eer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To write or
publish pamphlets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>pamphleteering</i> we shall not win.</blockquote>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pam*pin"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pampinus</i> a tendril + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>In the
form of tendrils; -- applied especially to the spermatic and ovarian
veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pam"pre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pampre</i> a vine
branch, L. <i>pampinus</i>.] <i>(Sculp.)</i> <def>An ornament,
composed of vine leaves and bunches of grapes, used for decorating
spiral columns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pam`pro*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i>
+ Gr. &?; forward + &?; finger.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having all
the toes turned forward, as the colies.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pan-</hw> (?), <hw>Pan"ta-</hw> (?), <hw>Pan"to-</hw> (?) }.
[Gr. &?;, m., &?;,neut., gen. &?;, all.] <def>Combining forms
signifying <i>all</i>, <i>every</i>; as, <i>pano</i>rama,
<i>pan</i>theism, <i>panta</i>graph, <i>panto</i>graph. <i>Pan-</i>
becomes <i>pam-</i> before <i>b</i> or <i>p</i>, as
<i>pam</i>prodactylous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. See 2d <u>Pane</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A part; a portion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The distance comprised
between the angle of the epaule and the flanked angle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Perh. a different word.] <def>A leaf of gold or
silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pan</i>
skirt, lappet, L. <i>pannus</i> a cloth, rag, W. <i>panu</i> to fur,
to full.] <def>To join or fit together; to unite.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>p&amacr;n</i>,
Skr. <i>parna</i> leaf.] <def>The betel leaf; also, the masticatory
made of the betel leaf, etc. See <u>&?;etel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Gr.
Myth.)</i> <def>The god of shepherds, guardian of bees, and patron of
fishing and hunting. He is usually represented as having the head and
trunk of a man, with the legs, horns, and tail of a goat, and as
playing on the shepherd's pipe, which he is said to have
invented.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>panne</i>, AS.
<i>panne</i>; cf. D. <i>pan</i>, G. <i>pfanne</i>, OHG. <i>pfanna</i>,
Icel., Sw., LL., &amp; Ir. <i>panna</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. L.
<i>patina</i>, E. <i>paten</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shallow,
open dish or vessel, usually of metal, employed for many domestic
uses, as for setting milk for cream, for frying or baking food, etc.;
also employed for various uses in manufacturing.</def> "A bowl or a
<i>pan</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Manuf.)</i> <def>A closed vessel for boiling
or evaporating. See <i>Vacuum pan</i>, under <u>Vacuum</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The part of a flintlock which holds the
priming.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The skull, considered as a vessel
containing the brain; the upper part of the head; the brainpan; the
cranium.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(C&?;rp.)</i> <def>A recess, or bed, for the
leaf of a hinge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The hard stratum of earth that lies below
the soil. See <i>Hard pan</i>, under <u>Hard</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A natural basin, containing salt or fresh
water, or mud.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flash in the pan</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Flash</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To savor of the pan</b></col>, <cd>to
suggest the process of cooking or burning; in a theological sense, to
be heretical.</cd>  <i>Ridley. Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Panned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Panning</u>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To separate, as gold, from dirt
or sand, by washing in a kind of pan.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We . . . witnessed the process of cleaning up and
<i>panning</i> out, which is the last process of separating the pure
gold from the fine dirt and black sand.</blockquote> <i>Gen. W. T.
Sherman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>To yield gold in, or as in, the process of
panning; -- usually with <i>out</i>; as, the gravel <i>panned</i> out
richly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn out (profitably or unprofitably);
to result; to develop; as, the investigation, or the speculation,
<i>panned</i> out poorly.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pan"a*base</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> +
<i>base</i>. So called in allusion to the number of metals contained
in it.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Tetrahedrite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`a*ce"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; all-healing; &?;, &?;, all + &?; to heal.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A remedy for all diseases; a universal
medicine; a cure-all; catholicon; hence, a relief or solace for
affliction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The herb allheal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`a*ce"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
properties of a panacea.</def> [R.] "<i>Panacean</i> dews."
<i>Whitehead.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*nache"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>penna</i> a feather. See <u>Pen</u> a feather.] <def>A plume or
bunch of feathers, esp. such a bunch worn on the helmet; any military
plume, or ornamental group of feathers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>panache</i> of variegated plumes.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa*na"da</hw> (?), <hw>Pa*nade"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>panada</i>, fr. L. <i>panis</i> bread:
cf. F. <i>panade</i>. See <u>Pantry</u>.] <def>Bread boiled in water
to the consistence of pulp, and sweetened or flavored.</def> [Written
also <i>panado</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*nade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dagger.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan`a*ma" hat`</hw> (?). <def>A fine plaited hat, made in
Central America of the young leaves of a plant (<i>Carludovica
palmata</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`-A*mer"i*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Pan-
</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to both North and South
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`-An"gli*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> +
<i>Anglican</i>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Belonging to, or representing,
the whole Church of England; used less strictly, to include the
Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States; as, the <i>Pan-
Anglican</i> Conference at Lambeth, in 1888.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>panis</i>
bread.] <def>Of or pertaining to bread or to breadmaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A storehouse for
bread.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"cake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thin cake of
batter fried in a pan or on a griddle; a griddlecake; a
flapjack.</def> "A <i>pancake</i> for Shrove Tuesday."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"carte`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>pancharta</i>. See <u>Pan-</u>, and <u>Carte</u>.] <def>A royal
charter confirming to a subject all his possessions.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
pansy.</def> [Also <i>paunce</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Panch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Paunch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Panch"way</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>pan&?;oi</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A Bengalese four-oared boat for
passengers.</def> [Written also <i>panshway</i> and <i>paunchwas</i>.]
<i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan*cra"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pancratic;
athletic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*cra"ti*ast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
engaged in the contests of the pancratium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*cra`ti*as"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the pancratium.</def>  <i>G. West.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan*crat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; all-
powerful.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Having all or many degrees of power;
having a great range of power; -- said of an eyepiece made adjustable
so as to give a varying magnifying power.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pan*crat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pan*crat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Pancratium</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
the pancratium; athletic.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"cra*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An athlete; a
gymnast.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pan*cra"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
a complete contest, fr. &?; all-powerful; &?;, &?;, all + &?;
strength.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>An athletic contest
involving both boxing and wrestling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of Old World
amaryllideous bulbous plants, having a funnel-shaped perianth with six
narrow spreading lobes. The American species are now placed in the
related genus <i>Hymenocallis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"cre*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;;
&?;, &?;, all + &?; flesh, meat: cf. F. <i>pancr&eacute;as</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The sweetbread, a gland connected with the
intestine of nearly all vertebrates. It is usually elongated and
light-colored, and its secretion, called the pancreatic juice, is
discharged, often together with the bile, into the upper part of the
intestines, and is a powerful aid in digestion. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<i>Digestive apparatus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`cre*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pancr&eacute;atique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
the pancreas; as, the <i>pancreatic</i> secretion, digestion,
ferments.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pancreatic juice</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>a
colorless alkaline fluid secreted intermittently by the pancreatic
gland. It is one of the most important of the digestive fluids,
containing at least three distinct ferments, trypsin, steapsin and an
amylolytic ferment, by which it acts upon all three classes of food
stuffs. See <u>Pancreas</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pan"cre*a*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pancreas</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>One of the digestive
ferments of the pancreatic juice; also, a preparation containing such
a ferment, made from the pancreas of animals, and used in medicine as
an aid to digestion.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By some the term <i>pancreatin</i> is restricted to the
amylolytic ferment of the pancreatic juice, by others it is applied to
trypsin, and by still others to <i>steapsin</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Pan"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pansy</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small Asiatic mammal (<i>Ailurus fulgens</i>) having fine soft
fur. It is related to the bears, and inhabits the mountains of
Northern India.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pan*da"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Malay
<i>pandan</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of endogenous plants. See
<u>Screw pine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"dar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pander</u>.</def> "Seized by the <i>pandar</i> of Appius."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"dar*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Panderism</u>.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"dar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
pander.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pan"dar*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Panderous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pan*de"an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 4th <u>Pan</u>.]
<def>Of or relating to the god Pan.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pandean pipes</b></col>, <cd>a primitive wind instrument,
consisting of a series of short hollow reeds or pipes, graduated in
length by the musical scale, and fastened together side by side; a
syrinx; a mouth organ; -- said to have been invented by Pan. Called
also <i>Pan's pipes</i> and <i>Panpipes</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pan"dect</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pandecta</i>,
<i>pandectes</i>, Gr. &?; all-receiving, all-containing; &?;, &?;, all
+ &?; to receive: cf. F. <i>pandectes</i>, pl.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A treatise which comprehends the whole of any science.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Thou] a <i>pandect</i> mak'st, and universal
book.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The digest, or abridgment, in
fifty books, of the decisions, writings, and opinions of the old Roman
jurists, made in the sixth century by direction of the emperor
Justinian, and forming the leading compilation of the Roman civil
law.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan*dem"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pandemus</i>,
Gr. &?;, &?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; the people: cf. F.
<i>pand&eacute;mique</i>.] <def>Affecting a whole people or a number
of countries; everywhere epidemic.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A pandemic disease.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan`de*mo"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?;, &?;, all + &?; a demon.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The great hall
or council chamber of demons or evil spirits.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An utterly lawless, riotous place or
assemblage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Pandarus</i>, a
leader in the Trojan army, who is represented by Chaucer and
Shakespeare as having procured for Troilus the possession of
Cressida.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A male bawd; a pimp; a procurer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art the <i>pander</i> to her
dishonor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, one who ministers to the evil
designs and passions of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those wicked <i>panders</i> to avarice and
ambition.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pandered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pandering</u>.] <def>To play the pander for.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act the part of a
pander.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"der*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
pandering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"der*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The employment,
arts, or practices of a pander.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"der*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the quality
of a pander.</def> "O, you <i>panderly</i> rascals."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan*der"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Panderma</i>, a port on the Black Sea from which it is exported.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous borate of lime, near priceite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"der*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to a pander; characterizing a pander.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*dic"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pandiculation</u>.] <def>Extended; spread out; stretched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*dic`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pandiculari</i> to stretch one's self, fr. <i>pandere</i> to spread
out.] <def>A stretching and stiffening of the trunk and extremities,
as when fatigued and drowsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"dit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pundit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"door</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pandour</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*do"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>Pandw`ra</grk>; <grk>pa^s</grk>, <grk>pa^n</grk>, all +
<grk>dw^ron</grk> a gift.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i>
<def>A beautiful woman (<i>all-gifted</i>), whom Jupiter caused Vulcan
to make out of clay in order to punish the human race, because
Prometheus had stolen the fire from heaven. Jupiter gave Pandora a box
containing all human ills, which, when the box was opened, escaped and
spread over the earth. Hope alone remained in the box. Another version
makes the box contain all the blessings of the gods, which were lost
to men when Pandora opened it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine
bivalves, in which one valve is flat, the other convex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"dore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Bandore</u>.] <def>An ancient musical instrument, of the lute kind;
a bandore.</def> [Written also <i>pandoran</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pan"dour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a class of
Hungarian mountaineers serving in the Austrian army; -- so called from
<i>Pandur</i>, a principal town in the region from which they
originally came.</def> [Written also <i>pandoor</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her whiskered <i>pandours</i> and her fierce
hussars.</blockquote> <i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan*dow"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A deep pie or
pudding made of baked apples, or of sliced bread and apples baked
together, with no bottom crust.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pan"du*rate</hw>, <hw>Pan*du"ri*form</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pandura</i> a pandore + <i>-form</i>: cf.
F. <i>panduriforme</i>.] <def>Obovate, with a concavity in each side,
like the body of a violin; fiddle-shaped; as, a <i>panduriform</i>
leaf; <i>panduriform</i> color markings of an animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>panne</i>.] <def>The
narrow edge of a hammer head. See <u>Peen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pane</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pan</i> part, portion
of a thing, F. <i>pan</i> a skirt, lappet, part or piece of a wall,
side, fr. L. <i>pannus</i> a cloth, fillet, rag; akin to E.
<i>vane</i>. See <u>Vane</u>, and cf. <u>Panel</u>, <u>Pawn</u>
pledge.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A division; a distinct piece, limited
part, or compartment of any surface; a patch; hence, a square of a
checkered or plaided pattern.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the openings in a slashed garment,
showing the bright colored silk, or the like, within; hence, the piece
of colored or other stuff so shown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
compartment of a surface, or a flat space; hence, one side or face of
a building; as, an octagonal tower is said to have eight
<i>panes</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Especially, in modern
use, the glass in one compartment of a window sash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In irrigating, a subdivision of an
irrigated surface between a feeder and an outlet drain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the flat
surfaces, or facets, of any object having several sides.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the eight facets surrounding the table
of a brilliant cut diamond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Paned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having panes; provided with panes; also, having openings; as, a
<i>paned</i> window; <i>paned</i> window sash.</def> "<i>Paned</i>
hose."  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Having flat sides or
surfaces; as, a six&?;<i>paned</i> nut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`e*gyr"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>panegyricus</i>, Gr. <grk>panhgyrico`s</grk>: cf. F.
<i>pan&eacute;gyrique</i>. See <u>Panegyric</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>An oration or eulogy in praise of some person or achievement; a
formal or elaborate encomium; a laudatory discourse; laudation. See
Synonym of <u>Eulogy</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pan`e*gyr"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pan`e*gyr"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>panegyricus</i>, Gr.
<grk>panhgyrico`s</grk>, from &?; an assembly of the people, a high
festival; <grk>pa^</grk>, <grk>pa^n</grk> all + &?;, an assembly.]
<def>Containing praise or eulogy; encomiastic; laudatory.</def>
"<i>Panegyric</i> strains." <i>Pope.</i> --
<wf>Pan`e*gyr"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Some of his odes are <i>panegyrical</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*neg"y*ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.
See <u>Panegyric</u>.] <def>A festival; a public assembly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>S. Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"e*gyr`ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>panegyrista</i>, Gr. &?; one who attends a &?;: cf. &?; to
celebrate or attend a public festival, to make a set speech, esp. a
panegyric, in a public assembly. See <u>Panegyric</u>.] <def>One who
delivers a panegyric; a eulogist; one who extols or praises, either by
writing or speaking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If these <i>panegyrists</i> are in
earnest.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"e*gy*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Panegyrized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Panegyrizing</u> (?).] [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Panegyrist</u>.] <def>To praise highly; to extol in a public
speech; to write or deliver a panegyric upon; to eulogize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"e*gy*rize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To indulge in
panegyrics.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"e*gyr`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
panegyric.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Orig., a little piece;
OF. <i>panel</i>, <i>pannel</i>, F. <i>panneau</i>, dim. of <i>pan</i>
skirt, lappet, part or piece of a wall, side. See 2d <u>Pane</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A sunken compartment with
raised margins, molded or otherwise, as in ceilings, wainscotings,
etc.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1036 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A piece of
parchment or a schedule, containing the names of persons summoned as
jurors by the sheriff; hence, more generally, the whole jury.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A
prisoner arraigned for trial at the bar of a criminal court.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, a piece of cloth serving as a
saddle; hence, a soft pad beneath a saddletree to prevent
chafing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Joinery)</i> <def>A board having its edges
inserted in the groove of a surrounding frame; as, the <i>panel</i> of
a door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>One of the faces of a hewn
stone.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Painting)</i> <def>A slab or plank of wood
upon which, instead of canvas, a picture is painted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A heap
of dressed ore.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the districts
divided by pillars of extra size, into which a mine is laid off in one
system of extracting coal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Dressmaking)</i> <def>A plain strip or band,
as of velvet or plush, placed at intervals lengthwise on the skirt of
a dress, for ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A portion of a framed structure between
adjacent posts or struts, as in a bridge truss.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Panel game</b></col>, <cd>a method of stealing money in a
panel house.</cd> -- <col><b>Panel house</b></col>, <cd>a house of
prostitution in which the rooms have secret entrances to facilitate
theft by accomplices of the inmates.</cd> -- <col><b>Panel
saw</b></col>, <cd>handsaw with fine teeth, -- used for cutting out
panels, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Panel thief</b></col>, <cd>one who robs
in a panel house.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pan"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paneled</u> (?) or <u>Panelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Paneling</u> or <u>Panelling</u>.] <def>To form in
or with panels; as, to <i>panel</i> a wainscot.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Paneled back</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the paneled work
covering the window back. See <u>Window back</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pan`el*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
impaneling a jury.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>panellation</i>.]
<i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pane"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
panes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To patch his <i>paneless</i> window.</blockquote>
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"el*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A forming in
panels; panelwork.</def> [Written also <i>panelling</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pan"el*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Wainscoting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*eu"lo*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pan-</u>,
<u>Eulogy</u>.] <def>Eulogy of everything; indiscriminate
praise.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her book has a trace of the cant of
<i>paneulogism</i>.</blockquote> <i>National Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Panfuls</b></plw> (#). [See 5th <u>Pan</u>.] <def>Enough to
fill a pan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. for older
<i>prange</i>.  Cf. <u>Prong</u>.] <def>A paroxysm of extreme pain or
anguish; a sudden and transitory agony; a throe; as, the <i>pangs</i>
of death.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Agony; anguish; distress. See <u>Agony</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pang</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To torture; to cause to
have great pain or suffering; to torment.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> +
<i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An hypothesis advanced by Darwin
in explanation of heredity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The theory rests on the assumption, that the whole
organization, in the sense of every separate atom or unit, reproduces
itself, the cells throwing off minute granules called <i>gemmules</i>,
which circulate freely throughout the system and multiply by
subdivision. These gemmules collect in the reproductive organs and
products, or in buds, so that the egg or bud contains gemmules from
all parts of the parent or parents, which in development give rise to
cells in the offspring similar to those from which they were given off
in the parent. The hypothesis also assumes that these gemmules need
not in all cases develop into cells, but may lie dormant, and be
transmitted from generation to generation without producing a
noticeable effect until a case of atavism occurs.</p>

<p><hw>Pan`ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to pangenesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pang"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
pangs.</def>  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pang"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a pang;
painless.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"go*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>pang&?;lang</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of <i>Manis</i>, <i>Pholidotus</i>, and related genera, found
in Africa and Asia. They are covered with imbricated scales, and feed
upon ants. Called also <i>scaly ant-eater</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*goth"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> +
<i>Gothic</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or including, all the Gothic
races.</def> "Ancestral <i>Pangothic</i> stock."  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan`hel*len"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Panhellenium</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to all Greece, or to
Panhellenism; including all Greece, or all the Greeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*hel"len*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scheme to
unite all the Greeks in one political body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*hel"len*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate of
Panhellenism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`hel*le"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; the Greeks.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>An
assembly or association of Greeks from all the states of
Greece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>panicum</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus <i>Panicum</i>; panic grass;
also, the edible grain of some species of panic grass.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Panic grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any grass of the
genus <i>Panicum</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of or pertaining to
&?; Pan, to whom the causing of sudden fright was ascribed: cf. F.
<i>panique</i>.] <def>Extreme or sudden and causeless; unreasonable; -
- said of fear or fright; as, <i>panic</i> fear, terror, alarm.</def>
"A <i>panic</i> fright."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; (with or without &?;
fear): cf. F. <i>panigue</i>. See <u>Panic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden, overpowering fright; esp., a sudden
and groundless fright; terror inspired by a trifling cause or a
misapprehension of danger; as, the troops were seized with a
<i>panic</i>; they fled in a <i>panic</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By extension: A sudden widespread fright or
apprehension concerning financial affairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Panic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>panicula</i> a
tuft on plants, dim. of <i>panus</i> the thread wound upon the bobbin
in a shuttle; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;; prob. akin to E. <i>pane</i>: cf. F.
<i>panicule</i>. See 2d <u>Pane</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A pyramidal
form of inflorescence, in which the cluster is loosely branched below
and gradually simpler toward the end.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Pan"i*cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Furnished with panicles; arranged in, or like, panicles;
paniculate.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pan"ic-strick`en</hw> (?), <hw>Pan"ic-struck`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Struck with a panic, or sudden fear.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa*nic"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Pa*nic"u*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Panicle</u>.] <i>(Bot)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Panicled</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pan"i*cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., panic grass.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of grasses, including several hundred
species, some of which are valuable; panic grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*id`i*o*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i>
+ <i>idiomorphic</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Having a completely
idiomorphic structure; -- said of certain rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Pannier</u>,
3.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pan`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>panis</i> bread + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make: cf. F.
<i>panification</i>.] <def>The act or process of making bread.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"nim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Painim</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan*is"lam*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> +
<i>Islamism</i>.] <def>A desire or plan for the union of all
Mohammedan nations for the conquest of the world.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*niv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>panis</i>
bread + <i>vorare</i> to devour.] <def>Eating bread; subsisting on
bread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*nade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The curvet of a
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pasnage</i>,
LL. <i>pasnadium</i>, <i>pastinaticum</i>, fr. <i>pastionare</i> to
feed on mast, as swine, fr. L. <i>pastio</i> a pasturing, grazing. See
<u>Pastor</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The food
of swine in the woods, as beechnuts, acorns, etc.; -- called also
<i>pawns</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tax paid for the
privilege of feeding swine in the woods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Panary</u>.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Panel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of rustic saddle.</def>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>The stomach of a
hawk.</def>  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A carriage for conveying a
mortar and its bed, on a march.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"nier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>panier</i>, fr.
L. <i>panarium</i> a bread basket, fr. <i>panis</i> bread.  Cf.
<u>Pantry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bread basket; also, a wicker
basket (used commonly in pairs) for carrying fruit or other things on
a horse or an ass</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. Antiq.)</i> <def>A shield of basket
work formerly used by archers as a shelter from the enemy's
missiles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A table waiter at the Inns of Court,
London.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A framework of steel or whalebone, worn by
women to expand their dresses; a kind of bustle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"niered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing
panniers.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ni*kel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pan</u> a
dish.] <def>The brainpan, or skull; hence, the crest.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ni*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>pan</i> a
dish.] <def>A small pan or cup.</def>  <i>Marryat. Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Pannus</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Similar in texture or appearance to felt or woolen
cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pan"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., cloth. See 2d
<u>Pane</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A very vascular superficial opacity
of the cornea, usually caused by granulation of the eyelids.</def>
<i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan`o*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> + Gr.
&?; an egg.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing ova only; -- said of
the ovaries of certain insects which do not produce vitelligenous
cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`om*phe"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>panomphaeus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Uttering ominous or prophetic
voices; divining.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We want no half gods, <i>panomphean</i>
Joves.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"o*plied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dressed in
panoply.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"o*ply</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;,
all + &?; tool, implement, in pl., armor, arms.] <def>Defensive armor
in general; a full suit of defensive armor.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We had need to take the Christian <i>panoply</i>, to
put on the whole armor of God.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*nop"ti*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Pan-
</u>, and <u>Optic</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prison so contructed that the inspector
can see each of the prisoners at all times, without being
seen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A room for the exhibition of
novelties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`o*ra"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;, all + &?; that which is seen, a view, fr. &?; to see. See <u>Pan-
</u>, and <u>Wary</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A complete view in every
direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A picture presenting a view of objects in
every direction, as from a central point.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A picture representing scenes too extended
to be beheld at once, and so exhibited a part at a time, by being
unrolled, and made to pass continuously before the
spectator.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pan`o*ram"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pan`o*ram"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or like, a
panorama.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Panoramic camera</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Camera</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pa*nor"pi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like, or pertaining to, the genus <i>Panorpa</i>.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Panorpid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*nor"pid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any neuropterous insect of the genus <i>Panorpa</i>, and allied
genera. The larv&aelig; feed on plant lice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*phar"ma*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Pan-
</u>, and <u>Pharmacon</u>.] <def>A medicine for all diseases; a
panacea.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pan`pres`by*te"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-
</i> + <i>Presbyterian</i>.] <def>Belonging to, or representative of,
those who hold Presbyterian views in all parts of the world; as, a
<i>Panpresbyterian</i> council.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pan`sclav"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pan`sclav"ism</hw> (?),
<hw>Pan`sclav"ist</hw>, <hw>Pan`scla*vo"ni*an</hw> (?) }. <def>See
<u>Panslavic</u>, <u>Panslavism</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"shon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An earthen vessel
wider at the top than at the bottom, -- used for holding milk and for
various other purposes.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"sied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Pansy</u>.]
<def>Covered or adorned with pansies.</def> "The <i>pansied</i>
grounds."  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan`slav"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> +
<i>Slavic</i>.] <def>Pertaining to all the Slavic races.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`slav"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scheme or
desire to unite all the Slavic races into one confederacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`slav"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favors
Panslavism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`sla*vo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Panslavic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*soph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pansophy</u>.] <def>All-wise; claiming universal knowledge; as,
<i>pansophical</i> pretenders.</def> [R.]  <i>John
Worthington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"so*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> + Gr.
&?; wisdom, &?; wise: cf. F. <i>pansophie</i>.] <def>Universal wisdom;
esp., a system of universal knowledge proposed by Comenius (1592 --
1671), a Moravian educator.</def> [R.]  <i>Hartlib.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pan*sper"ma*tist</hw> (?), <hw>Pan"sper`mist</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A believer in panspermy; one
who rejects the theory of spontaneous generation; a
biogenist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`sper"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to panspermy; as, the <i>panspermic</i>
hypothesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"sper`my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> + Gr.
&?; a seed.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The doctrine of
the widespread distribution of germs, from which under favorable
circumstances bacteria, vibrios, etc., may develop.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The doctrine that all organisms must come
from living parents; biogenesis; -- the opposite of <i>spontaneous
generation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*ste`re*o*ra"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, all + &?; solid + &?; a view.] <def>A model of a town or
country, in relief, executed in wood, cork, pasteboard, or the
like.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pansies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>Pens&eacute;e</i> thought,
pansy, fr. <i>penser</i> to think, L. <i>pensare</i> to weigh, ponder.
See <u>Pensive</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus Viola
(<i>V. tricolor</i>) and its blossom, originally purple and yellow.
Cultivated varieties have very large flowers of a great diversity of
colors. Called also <i>heart's-ease</i>, <i>love-in-idleness</i>, and
many other quaint names.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Panted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Panting</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>panteler</i> to gasp for breath, OF.
<i>panteisier</i> to be breathless, F. <i>pantois</i> out of breath;
perh. akin to E. <i>phantom</i>, the verb prob. orig. meaning, to have
the nightmare.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To breathe quickly or in a
labored manner, as after exertion or from eagerness or excitement; to
respire with heaving of the breast; to gasp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pluto <i>plants</i> for breath from out his
cell.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To long eagerly; to desire
earnestly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the hart <i>panteth</i> after the water
brooks.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xlii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>pants</i> for glory finds but short
repose.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To beat with unnatural violence or
rapidity; to palpitate, or throb; -- said of the heart.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To sigh; to flutter; to languish.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The whispering breeze<BR>
<i>Pants</i> on the leaves, and dies upon the trees.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
breathe forth quickly or in a labored manner; to gasp out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a cavern where my spirit<BR>
Was <i>panted</i> forth in anguish.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To long for; to be eager after.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then shall our hearts <i>pant</i> thee.</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quick
breathing; a catching of the breath; a gasp.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A violent palpitation of the heart.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ta-</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Pan-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pantofle</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pan"ta*cosm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Panta-</i>  +
Gr. <grk>ko`smos</grk> universe.] <def>See <u>Cosmolabe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ta*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pantograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*tag"ru*el*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Pantagruel</i>, one of the characters of Rabelais.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The theory or practice of the medical
profession; -- used in burlesque or ridicule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assumption of buffoonery to cover some
serious purpose.</def> [R.]  <i>Donaldson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan`ta*let"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>pantaloon</i>.] <def>One of the legs of the loose drawers worn by
children and women; particularly, the lower part of such a garment,
coming below the knee, often made in a separate piece; -- chiefly in
the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`ta*loon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pantalon</i>, fr. It. <i>pantalone</i>, a masked character in the
Italian comedy, who wore breeches and stockings that were all of one
piece, from <i>Pantaleone</i>, the patron saint of Venice, which, as a
baptismal name, is very frequent among the Venetians, and is applied
to them by the other Italians as a nickname, fr. Gr. &?;, lit., all
lion, a Greek personal name.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ridiculous
character, or an old dotard, in the Italian comedy; also, a buffoon in
pantomimes.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sixth age shifts<BR>
Into the lean and slippered <i>pantaloon</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A bifurcated garment for a man,
covering the body from the waist downwards, and consisting of breeches
and stockings in one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>In recent times, same as
<u>Trousers</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`ta*loon"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The character or performances of a pantaloon;
buffoonery.</def> [R.]  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Materials for pantaloons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ta*morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
assumes, or exists in, all forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`ta*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Panta-</i> +
Gr. &?; form.] <def>Taking all forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ta*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Panta-</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A pantascopic camera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`ta*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Viewing all;
taking a view of the whole. See under <u>Camera</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1037 !></p>

<p><hw>||Pan`ta*stom"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, all + &?;, &?;, mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the divisions of Flagellata, including the monads and allied
forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*tech"ni*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Pan-
</u>, and <u>Technic</u>.] <def>A depository or place where all sorts
of manufactured articles are collected for sale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*tel"e*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> +
<i>telegraph</i>.] <def>See under <u>Telegraph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pant"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pants.</def>  <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F. <i>panetier</i>. See
<u>Pantry</u>.] <def>A keeper of the pantry; a pantler.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Painter</u> a rope.]
<def>A net; a noose.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan`teu*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> +
<i>Teutonic</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to all the Teutonic
races.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"the*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> +
<i>theism</i>.] <def>The doctrine that the universe, taken or
conceived of as a whole, is God; the doctrine that there is no God but
the combined force and laws which are manifested in the existing
universe; cosmotheism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"the*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds to
pantheism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pan`the*is"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Pan`the*is"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to pantheism; founded in,
or leading to, pantheism.</def> -- <wf>Pan`the*is"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pan`the*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in pantheology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`the*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> +
<i>theology</i>.] <def>A system of theology embracing all religions; a
complete system of theology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*the"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pantheon</i>,
<i>pantheum</i>, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;), fr. &?; of all gods; &?;, &?;, all
+ &?; a god: cf. F. <i>panth&eacute;on</i>. See <u>Pan-</u>, and
<u>Theism</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A temple dedicated to all the
gods; especially, the building so called at Rome.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The collective gods of a people, or a work
treating of them; as, a divinity of the Greek
<i>pantheon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ther</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pantere</i>, F.
<i>panth&egrave;re</i>, L. <i>panthera</i>, Gr. &?;, prob. fr. Skr.
<i>pundr&imacr;ka</i> a tiger.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large dark-colored
variety of the leopard, by some zo&ouml;logists considered a distinct
species. It is marked with large ringlike spots, the centers of which
are darker than the color of the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>In America, the name is
applied to the puma, or cougar, and sometimes to the jaguar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Panther cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
ocelot.</cd> -- <col><b>Panther cowry</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a spotted East Indian cowry (<i>Cypr&aelig;a pantherina</i>); --
so called from its color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ther*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A female panther.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ther*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
panther, esp. in color; as, the <i>pantherine</i> snake (<i>Ptyas
mucosus</i>) of Brazil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"tile`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [5th <i>pan +
tile</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A roofing tile, of peculiar form,
having a transverse section resembling an elongated S laid on its side
(&?;).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pant"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
palpitation or rapid breathing.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan`ti*soc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Panto-</i>
+ Gr. &?; equal + &?; to rule.] <def>A Utopian community, in which all
should rule equally, such as was devised by Coleridge, Lovell, and
Southey, in their younger days.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*tis"o*crat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
pantisocratist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`ti*so*crat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a pantisocracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`ti*soc"ra*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
favors or supports the theory of a pantisocracy.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>panetier</i>.
See <u>Panter</u>, <u>Pantry</u>.] <def>The servant or officer, in a
great family, who has charge of the bread and the pantry.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"to-</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Pan-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`to*chro*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Panto-
</i> + <i>chronometer</i>.] <def>An instrument combining a compass,
sundial, and universal time dial.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan*to"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pantoufle</i>.] <def>A slipper for the foot.</def> [Written also
<i>pantable</i> and <i>pantoble</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pan"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Panto-</i> +
<i>-graph</i>: cf. F. <i>pantographe</i>.] <def>An instrument for
copying plans, maps, and other drawings, on the same, or on a reduced
or an enlarged, scale.</def> [Written also <i>pantagraph</i>, and
incorrectly <i>pentagraph</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Skew pantograph</b></col>, <cd>a kind of pantograph for
drawing a copy which is inclined with respect to the original figure;
-- also called <i>plagiograph</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pan`to*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pan`to*graph"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pantographique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a pantograph; relating to pantography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pantographie</i>.] <def>A general description; entire view of an
object.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to pantology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in pantology; a writer of pantology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Panto-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>A systematic view of all branches of human
knowledge; a work of universal information.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Panto-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>pantom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument
for measuring angles for determining elevations, distances,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*tom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Universal
measurement.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Pan`to*met"ric</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pan"to*mime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>pantomimus</i>, Gr. &?;, lit., all-imitating; &?;, &?;, all + &?;
to imitate: cf. It. <i>pantomimo</i>. See <u>Mimic</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A universal mimic; an actor who assumes many
parts; also, any actor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who acts his part by gesticulation or
dumb show only, without speaking; a pantomimist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] saw a <i>pantomime</i> perform so well that he
could follow the performance from the action alone.</blockquote>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dramatic representation by actors who use
only dumb show; hence, dumb show, generally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A dramatic and spectacular entertainment of
which dumb acting as well as burlesque dialogue, music, and dancing by
Clown, Harlequin, etc., are features.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"to*mime</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Representing only
in mute actions; pantomimic; as, a <i>pantomime</i> dance.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pan`to*mim"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pan`to*mim"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pantomimique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the pantomime; representing by dumb show.</def>
"<i>Pantomimic</i> gesture." <i>Bp. Warburton.</i> --
<wf>Pan`to*mim"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pan"to*mi`mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An actor in
pantomime; also, a composer of pantomimes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>patin</i>. See
<u>Patten</u>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A horseshoe to correct a narrow,
hoofbound heel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*toph"a*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pantophagous</u>.] <def>A person or an animal that has the habit of
eating all kinds of food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*toph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;,
&?;, all + &?; to eat.] <def>Eating all kinds of food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*toph"a*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>The habit or power of eating all kinds of food.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pan*top"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Panto-</u>, &amp; <u>-poda</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Pycnogonida</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`to*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Panto-</i> +
<i>-scope</i> + <i>-ic</i>.] <def>Literally, seeing everything; -- a
term applied to eyeglasses or spectacles divided into two segments,
the upper being designed for distant vision, the lower for vision of
near objects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pantries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>pantrie</i>, F.
<i>paneterie</i>, fr. <i>panetier</i> pantler, LL. <i>panetarius</i>
baker, <i>panetus</i> small loaf of bread, L. <i>panis</i> bread.  Cf.
<u>Company</u>, <u>Pannier</u>, <u>Pantler</u>.] <def>An apartment or
closet in which bread and other provisions are kept.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*ur"gic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;
knavish.] <def>Skilled in all kinds of work.</def> "The
<i>panurgic</i> Diderot."  <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"ur*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;,
properly, ready to do anything; hence, knavish, roguish; &?;, &?;, all
+ &?; work.] <def>Skill in all kinds of work or business; craft.</def>
[R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pan"yard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pannier</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"nym</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Panim</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pan*zo"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pan-</i> + Gr.
&?; an animal.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A term used to denote all of the
elements or factors which constitute vitality or vital energy.</def>
<i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pa"o*lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.  Cf.
<u>Paul</u>.] <def>An old Italian silver coin, worth about ten
cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OSw. <i>papp</i>.  Cf.
<u>Pap</u> soft food.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A nipple; a mammilla; a
teat.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>paps</i> which thou hast sucked.</blockquote>
<i>Luke xi. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rounded, nipplelike hill or peak;
anything resembling a nipple in shape; a mamelon.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>pap</i>, G.
<i>pappe</i>, both perh. fr. L. <i>papa</i>, <i>pappa</i>, the word
with which infants call for food: cf. It. <i>pappa</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A soft food for infants, made of bread boiled
or softtened in milk or water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nourishment or support from official
patronage; as, <i>treasury</i> pap.</def> [Colloq. &amp; Contemptuous]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The pulp of fruit.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To feed with pap.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*pa"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>papa</i>, L.
<i>papa</i>; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;, a child's word meaning father.  Cf.
<u>Pope</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A child's word for father.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A parish priest in the Greek Church.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa`pa*bo"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of Creole
origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The upland plover.</def> [Local, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa"pa*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>papatia</i>,
fr. L. <i>papa</i> a father, bishop. See <u>Pope</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office and dignity of the pope, or
pontiff, of Rome; papal jurisdiction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The popes, collectively; the succession of
popes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The Roman Catholic religion; -- commonly
used by the opponents of the Roman Catholics in disparagement or in an
opprobrious sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"a*gay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Popinjay</u>, 1 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*pa"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Papaw</u>.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A proteolytic ferment, like trypsin,
present in the juice of the green fruit of the papaw (<i>Carica
Papaya</i>) of tropical America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>papa</i>
bishop. See <u>Papacy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the pope of Rome;
proceeding from the pope; ordered or pronounced by the pope; as,
<i>papal</i> jurisdiction; a <i>papal</i> edict; the <i>papal</i>
benediction.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Roman Catholic
Church.</def> "<i>Papal</i> Christians."  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Papal cross</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i> 3 of
<u>Cross</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Papal crown</b></col>, <cd>the
tiara.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pa"pal*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A papist.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*pal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>papalitas</i>: cf. F. <i>papaut&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
papacy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ld. Berners. Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"pal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
papal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa"pal*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To conform to
popery.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"pal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a papal manner;
popishly</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"pal*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The papacy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa`pa*pho"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>papa</i> bishop + Gr. &?; to fear.] <def>Intense fear or dread of
the pope, or of the Roman Catholic Church.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa"par*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>papa</i>
bishop + <i>-archy</i>.] <def>Government by a pope; papal
rule.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*pa"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., poppy.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants, including the poppy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*pav`er*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of plants
(<i>Papaverace&aelig;</i>) of which the poppy, the celandine, and the
bloodroot are well-known examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*pav"er*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid found in opium. It has a weaker therapeutic action
than morphine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*pav"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the poppy; of the nature of the poppy.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*paw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from the native
name in the West Indies; cf. Sp. <i>papayo</i> papaw, <i>papaya</i>
the fruit of the papaw.] [Written also <i>pawpaw</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree (<i>Carica Papaya</i>) of
tropical America, belonging to the order <i>Passiflore&aelig;</i>. It
has a soft, spongy stem, eighteen or twenty feet high, crowned with a
tuft of large, long-stalked, palmately lobed leaves. The milky juice
of the plant is said to have the property of making meat tender. Also,
its dull orange-colored, melon-shaped fruit, which is eaten both raw
and cooked or pickled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree of the genus
<i>Asimina</i> (<i>A. triloba</i>), growing in the western and
southern parts of the United States, and producing a sweet edible
fruit; also, the fruit itself.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pap"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A kind of sauce boat or dish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large spiral East
Indian marine shell (<i>Turbinella rapha</i>); -- so called because
used by native priests to hold the oil for anointing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pape</i>, fr. L.
<i>papa</i>. See <u>Pope</u>.] <def>A spiritual father; specifically,
the pope.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa"pe*jay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A popinjay.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>papier</i>, fr. L.
<i>papyrus</i> papyrus, from which the Egyptians made a kind of paper,
Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>Papyrus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A substance in
the form of thin sheets or leaves intended to be written or printed
on, or to be used in wrapping. It is made of rags, straw, bark, wood,
or other fibrous material, which is first reduced to pulp, then
molded, pressed, and dried.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sheet, leaf, or piece of such
substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A printed or written instrument; a
document, essay, or the like; a writing; as, a <i>paper</i> read
before a scientific society.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They brought a <i>paper</i> to me to be
signed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A printed sheet appearing periodically; a
newspaper; a journal; as, a daily <i>paper</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Negotiable evidences of indebtedness;
notes; bills of exchange, and the like; as, the bank holds a large
amount of his <i>paper</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Decorated hangings or coverings for walls,
made of paper. See <i>Paper hangings</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A paper containing (usually) a definite
quantity; as, a <i>paper</i> of pins, tacks, opium, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A medicinal preparation spread upon paper,
intended for external application; as, cantharides
<i>paper</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Paper is manufactured in sheets, the trade names of which,
together with the regular sizes in inches, are shown in the following
table. But paper makers vary the size somewhat.</p>

<p> In the manufacture of books, etc., a sheet, of whatever size
originally, is termed, when folded once, a <i>folio</i>; folded twice,
a <i>quarto</i>, or <i>4to</i>; three times, an <i>octavo</i>, or
<i>8vo</i>; four times, a <i>sextodecimo</i>, or 16<i>mo</i>; five
times, a 32<i>mo</i>; three times, with an offcut folded twice and set
in, a <i>duodecimo</i>, or 12<i>mo</i>; four times, with an offcut
folded three times and set in, a 24<i>mo</i>.</p>

<p><! p. 1038 !></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Paper</i> is often used adjectively or in combination,
having commonly an obvious signification; as, <i>paper</i> cutter or
<i>paper</i>-cutter; <i>paper</i> knife, <i>paper</i>-knife, or
<i>paper</i>knife; <i>paper</i> maker, <i>paper</i>-maker, or
<i>paper</i>maker; <i>paper</i> mill or <i>paper</i>-mill;
<i>paper</i> weight, <i>paper</i>-weight, or <i>paper</i>weight,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Business paper</b></col>, <cd>checks, notes, drafts, etc.,
given in payment of actual indebtedness; -- opposed to
<i>accommodation paper</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fly paper</b></col>,
<cd>paper covered with a sticky preparation, -- used for catching
flies.</cd> -- <col><b>Laid paper</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Laid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper birch</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the canoe birch tree (<i>Betula papyracea</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Paper blockade</b></col>, <cd>an ineffective blockade, as by a
weak naval force.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper boat</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a boat made of water-proof paper.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper car
wheel</b></col> <i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>a car wheel having a steel
tire, and a center formed of compressed paper held between two plate-
iron disks.</cd> <i>Forney.</i> -- <col><b>Paper credit</b></col>,
<cd>credit founded upon evidences of debt, such as promissory notes,
duebills, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper hanger</b></col>, <cd>one who
covers walls with paper hangings.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper
hangings</b></col>, <cd>paper printed with colored figures, or
otherwise made ornamental, prepared to be pasted against the walls of
apartments, etc.; wall paper.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper house</b></col>,
<cd>an audience composed of people who have come in on free
passes.</cd> [Cant] -- <col><b>Paper money</b></col>, <cd>notes or
bills, usually issued by government or by a banking corporation,
promising payment of money, and circulated as the representative of
coin.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper mulberry</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
under Mulberry.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper muslin</b></col>, <cd>glazed
muslin, used for linings, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper
nautilus</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Argonauta</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Paper reed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the papyrus.</cd> -
- <col><b>Paper sailor</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
Argonauta.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper stainer</b></col>, <cd>one who colors
or stamps wall paper.</cd> <i>De Colange.</i> -- <col><b>Paper
wasp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any wasp which makes a nest of
paperlike material, as the yellow jacket.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper
weight</b></col>, <cd>any object used as a weight to prevent loose
papers from being displaced by wind, or otherwise.</cd> --
<col><b>Parchment paper</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Papyrine</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Tissue paper</b></col>, <cd>thin, gauzelike paper, such as is
used to protect engravings in books.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall
paper</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Paper hangings</i>, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Waste paper</b></col>, <cd>paper thrown aside as worthless or
useless, except for uses of little account.</cd> -- <col><b>Wove
paper</b></col>, <cd>a writing paper with a uniform surface, not
ribbed or watermarked.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pa"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
paper; made of paper; resembling paper; existing only on paper;
unsubstantial; as, a <i>paper</i> box; a <i>paper</i> army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Papered</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Papering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with paper; to
furnish with paper hangings; as, to <i>paper</i> a room or a
house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fold or inclose in paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put on paper; to make a memorandum
of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa"per*weight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See under
<u>Paper</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like paper; having
the thinness or consistence of paper.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*pes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Pap</u>
soft food.] <def>Containing or producing pap; like pap.</def> [R.]
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"pess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>papesse</i>.]
<def>A female pope; <i>i. e.</i>, the fictitious pope Joan.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`pe*terie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., paper
manufacture, fr. <i>papier</i> paper.] <def>A case or box containing
paper and materials for writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"phi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Paphius</i>,
Gr. &?;, from &?; the city Paphos.] <def>Of or pertaining to Paphos,
an ancient city of Cyprus, having a celebrated temple of Venus; hence,
pertaining to Venus, or her rites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"phi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Paphos.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`pier"-ma`ch&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>papier m&acirc;ch&eacute;</i>, lit., chewed or mashed paper.]
<def>A hard and strong substance made of a pulp from paper, mixed with
sise or glue, etc. It is formed into various articles, usually by
means of molds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*pil"i*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a butterfly.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of butterflies.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly it included numerous species which are now placed
in other genera. By many writers it is now restricted to the swallow-
tailed butterflies, like <i>Papilio polyxenes, or asterias</i>, and
related species.</p>

<p><hw>Pa*pil`io*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling the butterfly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having a
winged corolla somewhat resembling a butterfly, as in the blossoms of
the bean and pea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Belonging to that
suborder of leguminous plants (<i>Papilionace&aelig;</i>) which
includes the bean, pea, vetch, clover, and locust.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*pil`i*o"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Papilio</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The division of Lepidoptera
which includes the butterflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*pil`i*on"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The typical butterflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*pil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Papill&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a nipple, pimple.] <def>Any
minute nipplelike projection; as, the <i>papill&aelig;</i> of the
tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"il*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>papillaire</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Papillose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>papillaire</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a papilla
or papill&aelig;; bearing, or covered with, papill&aelig;;
papillose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"il*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
cover with papill&aelig;; to take the form of a papilla, or of
papill&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"il*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Papillose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*pil"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Papilla</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like a papilla; mammilliform.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pap`il*lo"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Papillomata</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Papilla</u>, and <u>-
Oma</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor formed by hypertrophy of the
papill&aelig; of the skin or mucous membrane, as a corn or a
wart.</def>  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pap`il*lo"ma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or consisting of, papillomata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"il*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>papilleux</i>.] <def>Covered with, or bearing, papill&aelig;;
resembling papill&aelig;; papillate; papillar; papillary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"il*lote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>papillon</i> a butterfly.] <def>a small piece of paper on which
women roll up their hair to make it curl; a curl paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"il*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Papillary;
papillose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*pil"lu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a minute papilla in the center of a
larger elevation or depression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"pi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from native
name: cf. Sp. <i>papion</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A West African
baboon (<i>Cynocephalus sphinx</i>), allied to the chacma. Its color
is generally chestnut, varying in tint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>papisme</i>. See
<u>Pape</u>, <u>Pope</u>.] <def>Popery; -- an offensive term.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>papiste</i>. See
<u>Pape</u>, <u>Pope</u>.] <def>A Roman catholic; one who adheres to
the Church of Rome and the authority of the pope; -- an offensive
designation applied to Roman Catholics by their opponents.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa*pis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Pa*pis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>papistique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to the Church of Rome and its doctrines and ceremonies; pertaining to
popery; popish; -- used disparagingly.</def> "The old <i>papistic</i>
worship." <i>T. Warton.</i> -- <wf>Pa*pis"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pa"pist*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine and
ceremonies of the Church of Rome; popery.</def> [R.]
<i>Whitgift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"pized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Pape</u>.]
<def>Conformed to popery.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Papized</i> writers."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*poose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A babe or young
child of Indian parentage in North America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"pi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Resembling the pappus of composite plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap*poose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Papoose</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pappoose root</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cohosh</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pap*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Furnished with a pappus; downy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pappose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an old man or
grandfather; hence, a substance resembling gray hairs, Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The hairy or feathery appendage of the achenes of
thistles, dandelions, and most other plants of the order
<i>Composit&aelig;</i>; also, the scales, awns, or bristles which
represent the calyx in other plants of the same order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Pap</u> soft
food.] <def>Like pap; soft; succulent; tender.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pap"u*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Papua.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"u*ars</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Papuan</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>The native
black race of Papua or New Guinea, and the adjacent islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pap"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Papul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A pimple; a small, usually
conical, elevation of the cuticle, produced by congestion, accumulated
secretion, or hypertrophy of tissue; a papule.</def>
<i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the numerous
small hollow processes of the integument between the plates of
starfishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered with papules.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Consisting of papules;
characterized by the presence of papules; as, a <i>papular</i>
eruption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Papules</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Same as <u>Papula</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Having papul&aelig;; papillose; as, a <i>papulose</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pap&?;leux</i>.] <def>Covered with, or characterized by,
papul&aelig;; papulose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap`y*ra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>papyraceus</i> made of <i>papyrus</i>.] <def>Made of papyrus; of
the consistency of paper; papery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*pyr"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to papyrus, or to paper; papyraceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap"y*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>papyrin</i> made of paper. See <u>Paper</u>.] <def>Imitation
parchment, made by soaking unsized paper in dilute sulphuric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*pyr"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Papyrus</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>An apparatus for multiplying writings, drawings,
etc., in which a paper stencil, formed by writing or drawing with
corrosive ink, is used. The word is also used of other means of
multiplying copies of writings, drawings, etc. See <u>Copygraph</u>,
<u>Hectograph</u>, <u>Manifold</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pap`y*rog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
process of multiplying copies of writings, etc., by means of the
papyrograph.</def> -- <wf>Pap`y*ro*graph"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pa*py"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Papyri</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;. See <u>Paper</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tall rushlike plant
(<i>Cyperus Papyrus</i>) of the Sedge family, formerly growing in
Egypt, and now found in Abyssinia, Syria, Sicily, etc. The stem is
triangular and about an inch thick.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The material upon which the ancient
Egyptians wrote. It was formed by cutting the stem of the plant into
thin longitudinal slices, which were gummed together and
pressed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A manuscript written on papyrus; esp.,
<i>pl.</i>, written scrolls made of papyrus; as, the <i>papyri</i> of
Egypt or Herculaneum.</def></p>

<p><hw>P&acirc;que</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&acirc;que</i>.] <def>See <u>Pasch</u> and
<u>Easter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Parr</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>per</i>. See
<u>Per</u>.] <def>By; with; -- used frequently in Early English in
phrases taken from the French, being sometimes written as a part of
the word which it governs; as, <i>par</i> amour, or <i>par</i>amour;
<i>par</i> cas, or <i>par</i>case; <i>par</i> fay, or
<i>par</i>fay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>par</i>, adj., equal.
See <u>Peer</u> an equal.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Equal value; equality of nominal and actual
value; the value expressed on the face or in the words of a
certificate of value, as a bond or other commercial paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Equality of condition or
circumstances.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At par</b></col>, <cd>at the original price; neither at a
discount nor at a premium.</cd> -- <col><b>Above par</b></col>, <cd>at
a premium.</cd> -- <col><b>Below par</b></col>, <cd>at a
discount.</cd> -- <col><b>On a par</b></col>, <cd>on a level; in the
same condition, circumstances, position, rank, etc.; as, their
pretensions are <i>on a par</i>; his ability is <i>on a par</i> with
his ambition.</cd> -- <col><b>Par of exchange</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Exchange</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Par value</b></col>, <cd>nominal
value; face value.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"a-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>para`</grk> beside; prob. akin to E.
<i>for-</i> in <i>forgive</i>.  Cf. <u>For-</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A prefix signifying <i>alongside of</i>, <i>beside</i>,
<i>beyond</i>, <i>against</i>, <i>amiss</i>; as <i>para</i>ble,
literally, a placing beside; <i>para</i>dox, that which is contrary to
opinion; <i>para</i>chronism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix denoting:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>Likeness</i>, <i>similarity</i>, or
<i>connection</i>, or that the substance <i>resembles</i>, but is
<i>distinct from</i>, that to the name of which it is prefixed; as
<i>par</i>aldehyde, <i>para</i>conine, etc.; also, an <i>isomeric
modification</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Specifically: <i>(Organ.
Chem.)</i> <cd>That two groups or radicals substituted in the benzene
nucleus are <i>opposite</i>, or in the respective positions 1 and 4; 2
and 5; or 3 and 6, as <i>para</i>xylene; <i>par</i>oxybenzoic
acid.</cd> Cf. <u>Ortho-</u>, and <u>Meta-</u>. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*ra"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk., fr. Per.
<i>p&amacr;rah</i> a piece.] <def>A piece of Turkish money, usually
copper, the fortieth part of a piaster, or about one ninth of a
cent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*ban"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to pass
over.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a
nitrogenous acid which is obtained by the oxidation of uric acid, as a
white crystalline substance
(C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>); -- also called
<i>oxalyl urea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?; to grow
beside. See <u>Para-</u>, and <u>-blast</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
portion of the mesoblast (of peripheral origin) of the developing
embryo, the cells of which are especially concerned in forming the
first blood and blood vessels.</def>  <i>C. S. Minot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*blas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the parablast; as, the <i>parablastic</i>
cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>parabilis</i>,
fr. <i>parare</i> to provide.] <def>Procurable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>parabole</i>, L.
<i>parabola</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a placing beside or together, a
comparing, comparison, a parable, fr. &?; to throw beside, compare;
<grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; to throw; cf. Skr. <i>gal</i> to drop.
Cf. <u>Emblem</u>, <u>Gland</u>, <u>Palaver</u>, <u>Parabola</u>,
<u>Parley</u>, <u>Parabole</u>, <u>Symbol</u>.] <def>A comparison; a
similitude; specifically, a short fictitious narrative of something
which might really occur in life or nature, by means of which a moral
is drawn; as, the <i>parables</i> of Christ.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Declare unto us the <i>parable</i> of the
tares.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiii. 36.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Allegory</u>, and Note under
<u>Apologue</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Par"a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To represent by
parable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which by the ancient sages was thus
parabled.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rab"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Parabolas</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;; -- so called
because its axis is parallel to the side of the cone. See
<u>Parable</u>, and cf. <u>Parabole</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of curve; one of the conic sections
formed by the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane
parallel to one of its sides. It is a curve, any point of which is
equally distant from a fixed point, called the <i>focus</i>, and a
fixed straight line, called the <i>directrix</i>. See
<u>Focus</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of a group of curves
defined by the equation <i>y = ax<sup>n</sup></i> where <i>n</i> is a
positive whole number or a positive fraction. For the <i>cubical
parabola</i> n = 3; for the <i>semicubical parabola</i> n = &frac32;.
See under <u>Cubical</u>, and <u>Semicubical</u>. The parabolas have
infinite branches, but no rectilineal asymptotes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*rab"o*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.
See <u>Parable</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Similitude;
comparison.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`a*bol"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Par`a*bol"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>paraboliko`s</grk> figurative: cf. F.
<i>parabolique</i>. See <u>Parable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of a parable; expressed by a
parable or figure; allegorical; as, <i>parabolical</i>
instruction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [From <u>Parabola</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having the form or nature of a parabola;
pertaining to, or resembling, a parabola; as, a <i>parabolic</i>
curve.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Generated by the revolution of a
parabola, or by a line that moves on a parabola as a directing curve;
as, a <i>parabolic</i> conoid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parabolic conoid</b></col>, <cd>a paraboloid; a conoid
whose directing curve is a parabola. See <u>Conoid</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Parabolic mirror</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>a mirror having
a paraboloidal surface which gives for parallel rays (as those from
very distant objects) images free from aberration. It is used in
reflecting telescopes.</cd> -- <col><b>Parabolic spindle</b></col>,
<cd>the solid generated by revolving the portion of a parabola cut off
by a line drawn at right angles to the axis of the curve, about that
line as an axis.</cd> -- <col><b>Parabolic spiral</b></col>, <cd>a
spiral curve conceived to be formed by the periphery of a semiparabola
when its axis is wrapped about a circle; also, any other spiral curve
having an analogy to the parabola.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1039 !></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*bol"ic*al*ly</hw>
(p&abreve;r`&adot;*b&obreve;l"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>By way of parable; in a
parabolic manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the form of a parabola.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*bol"i*form</hw> (-&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Parabola</i> + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Resembling
a parabola in form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rab"o*lism</hw> (p&adot;*r&abreve;b"&osl;*l&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Parabola</u>.] <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>The
division of the terms of an equation by a known quantity that is
involved in the first term.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*rab"o*list</hw> (-l&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
narrator of parables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rab"o*loid</hw> (-loid), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Parabola</i> + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>parabolo&iuml;de</i>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The solid generated by the rotation of a parabola
about its axis; any surface of the second order whose sections by
planes parallel to a given line are parabolas.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>paraboloid</i> has sometimes been applied also
to the parabolas of the higher orders.  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*bo*loid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, a paraboloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*bron"chi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Parabronchia</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Para-</u>,
<u>Bronchia</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the branches of an
ectobronchium or entobronchium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*cel"si*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or in conformity with, the practice of
<i>Paracelsus</i>, a Swiss physician of the 15th century.</def>
<i>Ferrand.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*cel"si*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower of
Paracelsus or his practice or teachings.</def>  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*cel"sist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Paracelsian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*cen*te"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to pierce at the side, to tap.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
perforation of a cavity of the body with a trocar, aspirator, or other
suitable instrument, for the evacuation of effused fluid, pus, or gas;
tapping.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`a*cen"tric</hw> (?), <hw>Par`a*cen"tric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-</i> + <i>centric</i>, <i>-
ical</i>: cf. F. <i>paracentrique</i>.] <def>Deviating from
circularity; changing the distance from a center.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Paracentric curve</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a curve
having the property that, when its plane is placed vertically, a body
descending along it, by the force of gravity, will approach to, or
recede from, a fixed point or center, by equal distances in equal
times; -- called also a <i>paracentric</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Paracentric motton</b></col> or <col><b>velocity</b></col>,
<cd>the motion or velocity of a revolving body, as a planet, by which
it approaches to, or recedes from, the center, without reference to
its motion in space, or to its motion as reckoned in any other
direction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*chor"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>chordal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated on either side of
the notochord; -- applied especially to the cartilaginous rudiments of
the skull on each side of the anterior part of the notochord.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A parachordal cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rach"ro*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + Gr. &?; time: cf. F. <i>parachronisme</i>.] <def>An error in
chronology, by which the date of an event is set later than the time
of its occurrence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Par"a*chrose</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; false
coloring; <grk>para`</grk> beside, beyond + &?; color.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Changing color by exposure</def>  <i>Mohs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*chute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>paper</i> to ward off, guard + <i>chute</i> a fall. See
<u>Parry</u>, and <u>Chute</u>, <u>Chance</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance somewhat in the form of an
umbrella, by means of which a descent may be made from a balloon, or
any eminence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A web or fold of skin
which extends between the legs of certain mammals, as the flying
squirrels, colugo, and phalangister.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*clete</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>paracletus</i>, Gr. &?;, from &?; to call to one, to exhort,
encourage; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; to call.] <def>An advocate;
one called to aid or support; hence, the Consoler, Comforter, or
Intercessor; -- a term applied to the Holy Spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From which intercession especially I conceive he hath
the name of the <i>Paraclete</i> given him by Christ.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*close</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>See <u>Parclose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`ac*mas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Para-</u>, and <u>Acme</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Gradually
decreasing; past the acme, or crisis, as a distemper.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>par</i>a-
+ <i>acon</i>itic.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
an organic acid obtained as a deliquescent white crystalline
substance, and isomeric with itaconic, citraconic, and mesaconic
acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*co"nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>conine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A base resembling and
isomeric with conine, and obtained as a colorless liquid from butyric
aldehyde and ammonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*co*rol"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>para-</i> + <i>corolla</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A secondary or
inner corolla; a corona, as of the Narcissus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*cros"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>acrostic</i>.] <def>A poetical composition, in which the
first verse contains, in order, the first letters of all the verses of
the poem.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*cy*an"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>para-</i> + <i>cyanogen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A polymeric
modification of cyanogen, obtained as a brown or black amorphous
residue by heating mercuric cyanide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*cy"mene</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-</i> +
<i>cymene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Cymene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*dac"ty*lum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paradactyla</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Para-</u>, and
<u>Dactyl</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The side of a toe or
finger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp.
<i>parada</i> a halt or stopping, an assembling for exercise, a place
where troops are assembled to exercise, fr. <i>parar</i> to stop, to
prepare. See <u>Pare</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The ground where a military display is held, or where troops are
drilled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An assembly and orderly
arrangement or display of troops, in full equipments, for inspection
or evolutions before some superior officer; a review of troops.
Parades are general, regimental, or private (troop, battery, or
company), according to the force assembled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pompous show; formal display or
exhibition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be rich, but of your wealth make no
<i>parade</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is displayed; a show; a
spectacle; an imposing procession; the movement of any body marshaled
in military order; as, a <i>parade</i> of firemen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In state returned the grand <i>parade</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Posture of defense; guard.</def> [A
Gallicism.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When they are not in <i>parade</i>, and upon their
guard.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A public walk; a promenade.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dress parade</b></col>, <col><b>Undress parade</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Dress</u>, and <u>Undress</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Parade
rest</b></col>, <cd>a position of rest for soldiers, in which,
however, they are required to be silent and motionless.</cd>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ostentation; display; show.  -- <u>Parade</u>,
<u>Ostentation</u>. <i>Parade</i> is a pompous exhibition of things
for the purpose of display; <i>ostentation</i> now generally indicates
a <i>parade</i> of virtues or other qualities for which one expects to
be honored. "It was not in the mere <i>parade</i> of royalty that the
Mexican potentates exhibited their power." <i>Robertson.</i> "We are
dazzled with the splendor of titles, the <i>ostentation</i> of
learning, and the noise of victories." <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paraded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Parading</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>parader</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
exhibit in a showy or ostentatious manner; to show off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Parading</i> all her sensibility.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assemble and form; to marshal; to cause
to maneuver or march ceremoniously; as, to <i>parade</i>
troops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make an exhibition or spectacle of one's self, as by walking
in a public place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assemble in military order for
evolutions and inspection; to form or march, as in review.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*digm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>paradigme</i>,
L. <i>paradigma</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to show by the side of, to
set up as an example; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; to show. See
<u>Para-</u>, and <u>Diction</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An example; a model; a pattern.</def> [R.]
"The <i>paradigms</i> and patterns of all things."
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>An example of a conjugation
or declension, showing a word in all its different forms of
inflection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>An illustration, as by a
parable or fable.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`a*dig*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Par`a*dig*mat"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>paradeigmatiko`s</grk>.]
<def>Exemplary.</def> -- <wf>Par`a*dig*mat"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par`a*dig*mat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A writer of memoirs of religious persons, as examples
of Christian excellence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*dig"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Paradigmatized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Paradigmatizing</u> (?).] [Gr.
<grk>paradeigmati`zein</grk>. See <u>Paradigm</u>.] <def>To set forth
as a model or example.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`a*di*sa"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Par`a*di*sa"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to, or resembling,
paradise; paradisiacal.</def> "<i>Paradisaical</i> pleasures."
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*di`sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Paradisiacal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*dise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; F.
<i>paradis</i>, L. <i>paradisus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>para`deisos</grk>
park, paradise, fr. Zend <i>pairida&emacr;za</i> an inclosure;
<i>pairi</i> around (akin to Gr. &?;) + <i>diz</i> to throw up, pile
up; cf. Skr. <i>dih</i> to smear, and E. <i>dough</i>.  Cf.
<u>Parvis</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The garden of Eden, in which Adam and Eve
were placed after their creation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The abode of sanctified souls after
death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To-day shalt thou be with me in
<i>paradise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxiii. 43.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It sounds to him like her mother's voice,<BR>
Singing in <i>Paradise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place of bliss; a region of supreme
felicity or delight; hence, a state of happiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth<BR>
Shall be all <i>paradise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wrapt in the very <i>paradise</i> of some creative
vision.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An open space within a
monastery or adjoining a church, as the space within a cloister, the
open court before a basilica, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A churchyard or cemetery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fool's paradise</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fool</u>, and
<u>Limbo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Grains of paradise</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Melequeta pepper</i>, under
<u>Pepper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Paradise bird</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Bird of paradise</u>. Among the
most beautiful species are the superb (<i>Lophorina superba</i>); the
magnificent (<i>Diphyllodes magnifica</i>); and the six-shafted
paradise bird (<i>Parotia sefilata</i>). The long-billed paradise
birds (<i>Epimachin&aelig;</i>) also include some highly ornamental
species, as the twelve-wired paradise bird (<i>Seleucides alba</i>),
which is black, yellow, and white, with six long breast feathers on
each side, ending in long, slender filaments. See <u>Bird of
paradise</u> in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Paradise
fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a beautiful fresh-water
Asiatic fish (<i>Macropodus viridiauratus</i>) having very large fins.
It is often kept alive as an ornamental fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Paradise
flycatcher</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any flycatcher of the
genus <i>Terpsiphone</i>, having the middle tail feathers extremely
elongated. The adult male of <i>T. paradisi</i> is white, with the
head glossy dark green, and crested.</cd> -- <col><b>Paradise
grackle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very beautiful bird of
New Guinea, of the genus <i>Astrapia</i>, having dark velvety plumage
with brilliant metallic tints.</cd> -- <col><b>Paradise nut</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the sapucaia nut. See <u>Sapucaia nut</u>.</cd>
[Local, U. S.] -- <col><b>Paradise whidah bird</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Whidah</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*dise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To affect or
exalt with visions of felicity; to entrance; to bewitch.</def> [R.]
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*dis"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Paradisiacal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*dised</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Placed in
paradise; enjoying delights as of paradise.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`a*dis"i*ac</hw> (?), <hw>Par`a*di*si"a*cal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>paradisiacus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to paradise; suitable to, or like, paradise.</def> <i>C. Kingsley.</i>
<i>T. Burnet.</i> "A <i>paradisiacal</i> scene."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The valley . . . is of quite <i>paradisiac</i>
beauty.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`a*dis"i*al</hw> (?), <hw>Par`a*dis"i*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Paradisiacal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Par`a*dis"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Paradisiacal.</def> [R.]  <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*dis"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Paradisiacal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Par`a*dos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paradoses</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. <i>parer</i> to defend +
<i>dos</i> back, L. <i>dorsum</i>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>An
intercepting mound, erected in any part of a fortification to protect
the defenders from a rear or ricochet fire; a traverse.</def>
<i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*dox</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paradoxes</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>paradoxe</i>, L.
<i>paradoxum</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>para`</grk> beside, beyond,
contrary to + &?; to think, suppose, imagine. See <u>Para-</u>, and
<u>Dogma</u>.] <def>A tenet or proposition contrary to received
opinion; an assertion or sentiment seemingly contradictory, or opposed
to common sense; that which in appearance or terms is absurd, but yet
may be true in fact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gloss there is to color that <i>paradox</i>, and make
it appear in show not to be altogether unreasonable.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This was sometime a <i>paradox</i>, but now the time
gives it proof.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Hydrostatic paradox</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Hydrostatic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*dox`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Paradoxical.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par`a*dox"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of a paradox.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to paradoxes, or to tenets or
notions contrary to received opinions.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Par`a*dox"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Par`a*dox"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*dox`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Par"a*dox`ist</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
proposes a paradox.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*dox"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of large trilobites characteristic of
the primordial formations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*dox*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Paradox</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The use of paradoxes.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*dox"ure</hw> (-d&obreve;ks"&usl;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>para`doxos</grk> incredible, paradoxical + <grk>o'yra`</grk>
tail. So called because its tail is unlike that of the other animals
to which it was supposed to be related.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
species of <i>Paradoxurus</i>, a genus of Asiatic viverrine mammals
allied to the civet, as the musang, and the luwack or palm cat
(<i>Paradoxurus hermaphroditus</i>). See <u>Musang</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*dox`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A paradoxical statement; a paradox.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
paradoxical.</def>  <i>Coleridge</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par"af*fin</hw> (p&abreve;r"&abreve;f*f&ibreve;n),
<hw>Par"af*fine</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>paraffine</i>,
fr. L. <i>parum</i> too little + <i>affinis</i> akin. So named in
allusion to its chemical inactivity.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white waxy
substance, resembling spermaceti, tasteless and odorless, and obtained
from coal tar, wood tar, petroleum, etc., by distillation. It is used
as an illuminant and lubricant. It is very inert, not being acted upon
by most of the strong chemical reagents. It was formerly regarded as a
definite compound, but is now known to be a complex mixture of several
higher hydrocarbons of the methane or marsh-gas series; hence, by
extension, any substance, whether solid, liquid, or gaseous, of the
same chemical series; thus coal gas and kerosene consist largely of
<i>paraffins</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the present chemical usage this word is spelt
<i>paraffin</i>, but in commerce it is commonly spelt
<i>paraffine</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Native paraffin</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Ozocerite</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Paraffin series</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Methane series</i>,
under <u>Methane</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>par</i>,
adj., equal.  Cf. <u>Peerage</u>, <u>Peer</u> an equal.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>Equality of condition,
blood, or dignity; also, equality in the partition of an
inheritance.</def>  <i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>Equality of condition
between persons holding unequal portions of a fee.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1040 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Kindred; family; birth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We claim to be of high <i>parage</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*gen"e*sis</hw>
(p&abreve;r`&adot;*j&ebreve;n"&esl;*s&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>para-</i> + <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The science
which treats of minerals with special reference to their
origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*gen"ic</hw> (-&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>para-</i> + the root of <grk>ge`nos</grk> birth.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Originating in the character of the germ, or at the first
commencement of an individual; -- said of peculiarities of structure,
character, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*glob"u*lin</hw> (-gl&obreve;b"&usl;*l&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-</i> + <i>globulin</i>.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An albuminous body in blood serum,
belonging to the group of globulins. See
<u>Fibrinoplastin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*glos"sa</hw> (-gl&obreve;s"s&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Paragloss&aelig;</b></plw> (-
s&emacr;). [NL., from Gr. <grk>para`</grk> beside + <grk>glw^ssa</grk>
tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a pair of small appendages of
the lingua or labium of certain insects. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Hymenoptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ag*nath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Paragnathus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rag"na*thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having both mandibles of equal length, the
tips meeting, as in certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*rag"na*thus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paragnathi</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Para-</u>, and
<u>Gnathic</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
the two lobes which form the lower lip, or metastome, of
Crustacea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the small, horny,
toothlike jaws of certain annelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*go"ge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
from &?; to lead beside, protract; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; to
lead.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The addition of a letter
or syllable to the end of a word, as <i>withouten</i> for
<i>without</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Coaptation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`a*gog"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Par`a*gog"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>paragogique</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining
to, or constituting, a paragoge; added to the end of, or serving to
lengthen, a word.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Paragogic letters</b></col>, <cd>in the Semitic languages,
letters which are added to the ordinary forms of words, to express
additional emphasis, or some change in the sense.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>paragon</i>,
F. <i>parangon</i>; cf. It. <i>paragone</i>, Sp.  <i>paragon</i>,
<i>parangon</i>; prob. fr. Gr. &?; to rub against; <grk>para`</grk>
beside + &?; whetstone; cf. LGr. &?; a polishing stone.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A companion; a match; an equal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Philoclea, who indeed had no <i>paragon</i> but her
sister.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Emulation; rivalry; competition.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Full many feats adventurous<BR>
Performed, in <i>paragon</i> of proudest men.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A model or pattern; a pattern of excellence
or perfection; as, a <i>paragon</i> of beauty or eloquence.</def>
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man, . . . the <i>paragon</i> of animals !</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The riches of sweet Mary's son,<BR>
Boy-rabbi, Israel's <i>paragon</i>.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A size of type between
great primer and double pica. See the Note under
<u>Type</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*gon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>paragonner</i>, F. <i>parangonner</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To compare; to parallel; to put in rivalry
or emulation with.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To compare with; to equal; to rival.</def>
[R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In arms anon to <i>paragon</i> the morn,<BR>
The morn new rising.</blockquote> <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To serve as a model for; to surpass.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He hath achieved a maid<BR>
That <i>paragons</i> description and wild fame.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*gon</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be equal; to
hold comparison.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Few or none could . . . <i>paragon</i> with
her.</blockquote> <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rag"o*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?;, p.
pr. of &?; to mislead.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of mica related to
muscovite, but containing soda instead of potash. It is characteristic
of the <i>paragonite schist</i> of the Alps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; that which
one writes beside. See <u>Paragraph</u>.] <def>A pun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Puns, which he calls <i>paragrams</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*gram"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
punster.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`ra*gran"di*ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., from
<i>parare</i> to parry + <i>grandine</i> hail.] <def>An instrument to
avert the occurrence of hailstorms. See <u>Paragr&ecirc;le</u>.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>paragraphe</i>, LL. <i>paragraphus</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>para`grafos</grk> (sc. <grk>grammh`</grk>) a line or stroke drawn
in the margin, fr. <grk>paragra`fein</grk> to write beside;
<grk>para`</grk> beside + <grk>gra`fein</grk> to write. See <u>Para-
</u>, and <u>Graphic</u>, and cf. <u>Paraph</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Originally, a marginal mark or note, set in the margin to call
attention to something in the text, <i>e. g.</i>, a change of subject;
now, the character &para;, commonly used in the text as a reference
mark to a footnote, or to indicate the place of a division into
sections.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This character is merely a modification of a capital P (the
initial of the word <i>paragraph</i>), the letter being reversed, and
the black part made white and the white part black for the sake of
distinctiveness.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A distinct part of a discourse or writing;
any section or subdivision of a writing or chapter which relates to a
particular point, whether consisting of one or many sentences. The
division is sometimes noted by the mark &?;, but usually, by beginning
the first sentence of the paragraph on a new line and at more than the
usual distance from the margin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A brief composition complete in one
typographical section or paragraph; an item, remark, or quotation
comprised in a few lines forming one paragraph; as, a column of news
<i>paragraphs</i>; an editorial <i>paragraph</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*graph</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paragraphed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paragraphing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide into paragraphs; to mark with the
character &para;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express in the compass of a paragraph;
as, to <i>paragraph</i> an article.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mention in a paragraph or
paragraphs</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*graph`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
paragraphs; a paragraphist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`a*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Par`a*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or consisting of, a paragraph
or paragraphs.</def> -- <wf>Par`a*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*graph`ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
paragrapher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*gra*phis"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
relating to a paragraphist.</def> [R.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ra" grass`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A valuable pasture
grass (<i>Panicum barbinode</i>) introduced into the Southern United
States from Brazil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`ra`gr&ecirc;le"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>parer</i> to guard + <i>gr&ecirc;le</i> hail.] <def>A lightning
conductor erected, as in a vineyard, for drawing off the electricity
in the atmosphere in order to prevent hailstorms.</def> [France]
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*guay"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Paraguay.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Paraguay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`ra*guay" tea"</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Mate</u>, the leaf of
the Brazilian holly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Apparel</u>.</def> [Obs.] "In the <i>parail</i> of a pilgrim."
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*keet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Parrakeet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*lac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>lactic</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Designating an
acid called <i>paralactic acid</i>. See <i>Lactic acid</i>, under
<u>Lactic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`al*bu"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>albumin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A proteidlike
body found in the fluid from ovarian cysts and elsewhere. It is
generally associated with a substance related to, if not identical
with, glycogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*al"de*hyde</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>aldehyde</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A polymeric modification
of aldehyde obtained as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*leip"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to leave on one side, to omit; <grk>para`</grk> beside +
&?; to leave.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A pretended or apparent omission; a
figure by which a speaker artfully pretends to pass by what he really
mentions; as, for example, if an orator should say, "I do not speak of
my adversary's scandalous venality and rapacity, his brutal conduct,
his treachery and malice."</def> [Written also <i>paralepsis</i>,
<i>paralepsy</i>, <i>paralipsis</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*lep"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See
<u>Paraleipsis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ra"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; near the
sea; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; the sea.] <def>A dweller by the
sea.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*li*pom"e*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.,
fr. Gr. <grk>paraleipome`nwn</grk> of things omitted, pass. p. pr.
(neuter genitive plural) fr. &?; to omit.] <def>A title given in the
Douay Bible to the Books of Chronicles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the Septuagint these books are called
<grk>Paraleipome`nwn prw^ton</grk> and <grk>dey`teron</grk>, which is
understood, after Jerome's explanation, as meaning that they are
supplementary to the Books of Kings  <i>W. Smith.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Par`a*lip"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See
<u>Paraleipsis</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`al*lac"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Par`al*lac"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>parallactique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a parallax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"al*lax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; alternation,
the mutual inclination of two lines forming an angle, fr. &?; to
change a little, go aside, deviate; <grk>para`</grk> beside, beyond +
&?; to change: cf. F. <i>parallaxe</i>.  Cf. <u>Parallel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The apparent displacement, or difference of
position, of an object, as seen from two different stations, or points
of view.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The apparent difference in
position of a body (as the sun, or a star) as seen from some point on
the earth's surface, and as seen from some other conventional point,
as the earth's center or the sun.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Annual parallax</b></col>, <cd>the greatest value of the
heliocentric parallax, or the greatest annual apparent change of place
of a body as seen from the earth and sun; as, the <i>annual
parallax</i> of a fixed star.</cd> -- <col><b>Binocular
parallax</b></col>, <cd>the apparent difference in position of an
object as seen separately by one eye, and then by the other, the head
remaining unmoved.</cd> -- <col><b>Diurnal</b></col>, or
<col><b>Geocentric</b></col>, <col><b>parallax</b></col>, <cd>the
parallax of a body with reference to the earth's center. This is the
kind of parallax that is generally understood when the term is used
without qualification.</cd> -- <col><b>Heliocentric
parallax</b></col>, <cd>the parallax of a body with reference to the
sun, or the angle subtended at the body by lines drawn from it to the
earth and sun; as, the <i>heliocentric parallax</i> of a planet.</cd>
-- <col><b>Horizontal parallax</b></col>, <cd>the geocentric parallx
of a heavenly body when in the horizon, or the angle subtended at the
body by the earth's radius.</cd> -- <col><b>Optical
parallax</b></col>, <cd>the apparent displacement in position
undergone by an object when viewed by either eye singly.</cd>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>Parallax of the cross
wires</b></col><cd> (of an optical instrument), their apparent
displacement when the eye changes its position, caused by their not
being exactly in the focus of the object glass.</cd> --
<col><b>Stellar parallax</b></col>, <cd>the annual parallax of a fixed
star.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"al*lel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>parall&egrave;le</i>, L. <i>parallelus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; of one another, fr. &?; other, akin to
L. <i>alius</i>. See <u>Allien</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>Extended in the same direction, and in all parts equally distant;
as, <i>parallel</i> lines; <i>parallel</i> planes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Revolutions . . . <i>parallel</i> to the
equinoctial.</blockquote> <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Curved lines or curved planes are said to be parallel when
they are in all parts equally distant.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the same direction or tendency;
running side by side; being in accordance (with); tending to the same
result; -- used with <i>to</i> and <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When honor runs <i>parallel</i> with the laws of God
and our country, it can not be too much cherished.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Continuing a resemblance through many
particulars; applicable in all essential parts; like; similar; as, a
<i>parallel</i> case; a <i>parallel</i> passage.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Parallel bar</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Steam
Eng.)</i> <cd>A rod in a parallel motion which is parallel with the
working beam</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>One of a pair of bars
raised about five feet above the floor or ground, and parallel to each
other, -- used for gymnastic exercises.</cd> -- <col><b>Parallel
circles of a sphere</b></col>, <cd>those circles of the sphere whose
planes are parallel to each other.</cd> -- <col><b>Parallel
columns</b></col>, or <col><b>Parallels</b></col> <i>(Printing)</i>,
<cd>two or more passages of reading matter printed side by side, for
the purpose of emphasizing the similarity or discrepancy between
them.</cd> -- <col><b>Parallel forces</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>,
<cd>forces which act in directions parallel to each other.</cd> --
<col><b>Parallel motion</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<cd>A jointed system of links, rods, or bars, by which the motion of a
reciprocating piece, as a piston rod, may be guided, either
approximately or exactly in a straight line</cd>. <i>Rankine.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>The ascending or descending of
two or more parts at fixed intervals, as thirds or sixths.</cd> --
<col><b>Parallel rod</b></col> <i>(Locomotive Eng.)</i>, <cd>a metal
rod that connects the crank pins of two or more driving wheels; --
called also <i>couping rod</i>, in distinction from the <i>connecting
rod</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Locomotive</u>, in App.</cd> --
<col><b>Parallel ruler</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for drawing
parallel lines, so constructed as to have the successive positions of
the ruling edge parallel to each other; also, one consisting of two
movable parts, the opposite edges of which are always parallel.</cd> -
- <col><b>Parallel sailing</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>sailing on a
parallel of latitude.</cd> -- <col><b>Parallel sphere</b></col>
<i>(Astron. &amp; Geog.)</i>, <cd>that position of the sphere in which the
circles of daily motion are parallel to the horizon, as to an observer
at either pole.</cd> -- <col><b>Parallel vise</b></col>, <cd>a vise
having jaws so guided as to remain parallel in all positions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"al*lel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A line which, throughout its whole extent, is equidistant from
another line; a parallel line, a parallel plane, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who made the spider <i>parallels</i> design,<BR>
Sure as De Moivre, without rule or line ?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Direction conformable to that of another
line,</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lines that from their <i>parallel</i>
decline.</blockquote> <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Conformity continued through many
particulars or in all essential points; resemblance;
similarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Twixt earthly females and the moon<BR>
All <i>parallels</i> exactly run.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A comparison made; elaborate tracing of
similarity; as, Johnson's <i>parallel</i> between Dryden and
Pope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Anything equal to, or resembling, another
in all essential particulars; a counterpart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>None but thyself can be thy
<i>parallel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>One of the imaginary circles
on the surface of the earth, parallel to the equator, marking the
latitude; also, the corresponding line on a globe or map.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>One of a series of long
trenches constructed before a besieged fortress, by the besieging
force, as a cover for troops supporting the attacking batteries. They
are roughly parallel to the line of outer defenses of the
fortress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A character consisting of
two parallel vertical lines (thus, ||) used in the text to direct
attention to a similarly marked note in the margin or at the foot of a
page.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Limiting parallels</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Limit</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Parallel of altitude</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>one of the small circles of the sphere, parallel
to the horizon; an almucantar.</cd> -- <col><b>Parallel of
declination</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>one of the small circles
of the sphere, parallel to the equator.</cd> -- <col><b>Parallel of
latitude</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Geog.)</i> <cd>See def. 6.
above.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>One of the small
circles of the sphere, parallel to the ecliptic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"al*lel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paralleled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paralleling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place or set so as
to be parallel; to place so as to be parallel to, or to conform in
direction with, something else.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The needle . . . doth <i>parallel</i> and place itself
upon the true meridian.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To make to conform to something else
in character, motive, aim, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His life is <i>paralleled</i><BR>
Even with the stroke and line of his great justice.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To equal; to match; to correspond to.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To produce or adduce as a parallel.</def>
[R.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My young remembrance can not <i>parallel</i><BR>
A fellow to it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"al*lel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be parallel;
to correspond; to be like.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"al*lel`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being paralleled, or equaled.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"al*lel*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to place side by side, or parallel: cf. F.
<i>parall&eacute;lisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
parallel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resemblance; correspondence;
similarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A close <i>parallelism</i> of thought and
incident.</blockquote> <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Similarity of construction or meaning of
clauses placed side by side, especially clauses expressing the same
sentiment with slight modifications, as is common in Hebrew poetry;
<i>e. g.</i>: --<BR>
<BR>
<blockquote>At her feet he bowed, he fell:<BR>
Where he bowed, there he fell down dead.</blockquote> <i>Judg. v.
27.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Par`al*lel*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of a parallelism; involving parallelism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The antithetic or <i>parallelistic</i> form of Hebrew
poetry is entirely lost.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"al*lel*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
parallel.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Par"al*lel*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Matchless.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Par"al*lel*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a parallel
manner; with parallelism.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`al*lel"o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
parallel + &?; to write: cf. F. <i>parall&eacute;logramme</i>. See
<u>Parallel</u>, and <u>-gram</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A right-lined
quadrilateral figure, whose opposite sides are parallel, and
consequently equal; -- sometimes restricted in popular usage to a
rectangle, or quadrilateral figure which is longer than it is broad,
and with right angles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parallelogram of velocities</b></col>,
<col><b>forces</b></col>, <col><b>accelerations</b></col>,
<col><b>momenta</b></col>, etc. <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a parallelogram
the diagonal of which represents the resultant of two velocities,
forces, accelerations, momenta, etc., both in quantity and direction,
when the velocities, forces, accelerations, momenta, etc., are
represented in quantity and direction by the two adjacent sides of the
parallelogram.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par`al*lel`o*gram*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to a parallelogram; parallelogrammic.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1041 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`al*lel`o*gram"mic</hw> (?),
<hw>Par`al*lel`o*gram"mic*al</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the properties of a parallelogram.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Par`al*lel`o*pi"ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
body with parallel surfaces; &?; parallel + &?; a plane surface, &?;
on the ground, or level with it, level, flat; &?; on + &?; the ground:
cf. F. <i>parall&eacute;lopip&egrave;de</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
solid, the faces of which are six parallelograms, the opposite pairs
being parallel, and equal to each other; a prism whose base is a
parallelogram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`al*lel`o*pip"e*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>A parallelopiped.</def>  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
paralogism; illogical.</def> "<i>Paralogical</i> doubt."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ral"o*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to reason falsely; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; to reason, &?;
discourse, reason: cf. F. <i>paralogisme</i>.] <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A
reasoning which is false in point of form, that is, which is contrary
to logical rules or formul&aelig;; a formal fallacy, or pseudo-
syllogism, in which the conclusion does not follow from the
premises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ral"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Paralogized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Paralogizing</u> (?).] [Gr. &?;.] <def>To reason
falsely; to draw conclusions not warranted by the premises.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*ral"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>para`</grk> beside, beyond + &?; reason.] <def>False reasoning;
paralogism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*lyse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Paralyze</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ral"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to loosen, dissolve, or disable at the side; <grk>para`</grk>
beside + &?; to loosen. See <u>Para-</u>, and <u>Loose</u>, and cf.
<u>Palsy</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Abolition of function, whether
complete or partial; esp., the loss of the power of voluntary motion,
with or without that of sensation, in any part of the body; palsy. See
<u>Hemiplegia</u>, and <u>Paraplegia</u>. Also used
figuratively.</def> "Utter <i>paralysis</i> of memory."  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mischievous practices arising out of the
<i>paralysis</i> of the powers of ownership.</blockquote> <i>Duke of
Argyll (1887).</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*lyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>paralyticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.  <i>paralytique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to paralysis; resembling
paralysis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with paralysis, or
palsy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cold, shaking, <i>paralytic</i> hand.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inclined or tending to paralysis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Paralytic secretion</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the
fluid, generally thin and watery, secreted from a gland after section
or paralysis of its nerves, as the pralytic saliva.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*lyt"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person affected
with paralysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*lyt"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Paralytic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*ly*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of paralyzing, or the state of being paralyzed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*lyze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paralyzed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paralyzing</u> (?).] [F. <i>paralyser</i>. See
<u>Paralysis</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To affect or strike with paralysis or
palsy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To unnerve; to destroy or impair the
energy of; to render ineffective; as, the occurrence <i>paralyzed</i>
the community; despondency <i>paralyzed</i> his efforts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"am</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white crystalline nitrogenous substance
(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>N<sub>4</sub>); -- called also
<i>dicyandiamide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*mag*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>magnetic</i>.] <def>Magnetic, as opposed to
<i>diamagnetic</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A paramagnetic
substance.</def> <i>Faraday.</i> -- <wf>Par`a*mag*net"ic*al*ly</wf>
(#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*mag"net*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Magnetism, as opposed to <i>diamagnetism</i>.</def>
<i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*ma*le"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>maleic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an acid obtained from malic acid, and now called
<i>fumaric acid</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par`a*ma"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-</i>
+ <i>malic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an
organic acid metameric with malic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*mas"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>mastoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated beside, or near,
the mastoid portion of the temporal bone; paroccipital; -- applied
especially to a process of the skull in some animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*mat"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from
<i>Paramatta</i>, in Australia.] <def>A light fabric of cotton and
worsted, resembling bombazine or merino.</def>  <i>Beck (Draper's
Dict.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>paramento</i>, from <i>parar</i> to prepare, L. <i>parare</i>.]
<def>Ornamental hangings, furniture, etc., as of a state apartment;
rich and elegant robes worn by men of rank; -- chiefly in the
plural.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lords in <i>paraments</i> on their
coursers.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chamber of paraments</b></col>, <cd>presence chamber of a
monarch.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`ra*men"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<def>Ornament; decoration.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-</i> +
<i>-mere</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the symmetrical halves
of any one of the radii, or spheromeres, of a radiate animal, as a
starfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ram"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-</i>
+ <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>param&egrave;tre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A term applied to some
characteristic magnitude whose value, invariable as long as one and
the same function, curve, surface, etc., is considered, serves to
distinguish that function, curve, surface, etc., from others of the
same kind or family.</def> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Specifically <i>(Conic Sections)</i>, in the ellipse and
hyperbola, a third proportional to any diameter and its conjugate, or
in the parabola, to any abscissa and the corresponding
ordinate.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>parameter</i> of the principal axis of a conic
section is called the <i>latus rectum</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The ratio of the three
crystallographic axes which determines the position of any plane;
also, the fundamental axial ratio for a given species.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*me*tri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Para-</u>, and <u>Metritis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the cellular tissue in the vicinity of the uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*mi*og"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
proverb + <i>-graph + -er</i>.] <def>A collector or writer of
proverbs.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Par`a*mi"tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>mitome</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The fluid portion of the
protoplasm of a cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa"ra*mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paramos</b></plw> (#). [Sp. <i>p&aelig;ramo</i>.] <def>A high,
bleak plateau or district, with stunted trees, and cold, damp
atmosphere, as in the Andes, in South America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-</i>
+ Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of pseudomorph, in which
there has been a change of physical characters without alteration of
chemical composition, as the change of aragonite to calcite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>The change of one mineral species to another, so as to involve a
change in physical characters without alteration of chemical
composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Relating to paramorphism; exhibiting paramorphism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*mount</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>par
amont</i> above; <i>par</i> through, by (L. <i>per</i>) + <i>amont</i>
above. See <u>Amount</u>.] <def>Having the highest rank or
jurisdiction; superior to all others; chief; supreme; pre&euml;minent;
as, a <i>paramount</i> duty.</def> "A traitor <i>paramount</i>."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lady paramount</b></col> <i>(Archery)</i>, <cd>the lady
making the best score.</cd> -- <col><b>Lord paramount</b></col>,
<cd>the king.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> Superior; principal; pre&euml;minent; chief.</p>

<p><hw>Par"a*mount</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The highest or
chief.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*mount`ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a paramount
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*mour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>par amour</i>,
lit., by or with love. See 2d <u>Par</u>, and <u>Amour</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lover, of either sex; a wooer or a mistress
(formerly in a good sense, now only in a bad one); one who takes the
place, without possessing the rights, of a husband or wife; -- used of
a man or a woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The seducer appeared with dauntless front, accompanied
by his <i>paramour</i></blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Love; gallantry.</def> [Obs.] "For
<i>paramour</i> and jollity."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par"a*mour`</hw>, <hw>Par"a*mours`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By or with love, esp. the love of the
sexes; -- sometimes written as two words.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>par amour</i>, I loved her first ere
thou.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*am"y*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; starch.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance
resembling starch, found in the green frothy scum formed on the
surface of stagnant water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*naph"tha*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>para-</i> + <i>naphthalene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Anthracene; --
called also <i>paranaphthaline</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*noi"a</hw> (p&abreve;r`&adot;*noi"&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>para`noia</grk>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Mental derangement; insanity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*an"thra*cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>par</i>a- + <i>anthracene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An inert
isomeric modification of anthracene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*nu"cle*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>nucleus</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Some as
<u>Nucleolus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ra" nut`</hw> (p&adot;*r&auml;" n&ubreve;t`). <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The Brazil nut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*nymph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>paranymphus</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>para`</grk> beside, near + &?; a
bride: cf. F. <i>paranymphe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A friend of the bridegroom who
went with him in his chariot to fetch home the bride.</def>
<i>Milton.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bridesmaid who conducted
the bride to the bridegroom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>An ally; a supporter or
abettor.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*nym"phal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bridal;
nuptial.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At some <i>paranymphal</i> feast.</blockquote>
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*pec"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>pectin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A gelatinous modification
of pectin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*pegm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>parapegma</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to fix beside; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; to fix:
cf. F. <i>parapegme</i>.] <def>An engraved tablet, usually of brass,
set up in a public place.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Parapegms</i> were used for the publication of laws,
proclamations, etc., and the recording of astronomical phenomena or
calendar events.</p>

<p><hw>Par`a*pep"tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>peptone</i>.] <i>(Phisiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An albuminous
body formed in small quantity by the peptic digestion of proteids. It
can be converted into peptone by pancreatic juice, but not by gastric
juice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>parapetto</i>, fr. <i>parare</i> to ward off, guard (L.
<i>parare</i> to prepare, provide) + <i>petto</i> the breast, L.
<i>pectus</i>. See <u>Parry</u>, and <u>Pectoral</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A low wall, especially one
serving to protect the edge of a platform, roof, bridge, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A wall, rampart, or
elevation of earth, for covering soldiers from an enemy's fire; a
breastwork. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Casemate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing by the side of a
petal, as a stamen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*pet`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
parapet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"aph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>paraphe</i>,
<i>parafe</i>, contr. fr. <i>paragraphe</i>.] <def>A flourish made
with the pen at the end of a signature. In the Middle Ages, this
formed a sort of rude safeguard against forgery.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"aph</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paraphed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paraphing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>parapher</i>, <i>parafer</i>.] <def>To
add a paraph to; to sign, esp. with the initials.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*pher"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Rom. Law)</i> <def>The property of a woman which, on her marriage,
was not made a part of her dower, but remained her own.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*pher"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>paraphernal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to paraphernalia; as,
<i>paraphernal</i> property.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*pher*na"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>paraphernalia bona</i>, fr. L. <i>parapherna</i>, pl., parapherna,
Gr. &?;; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; a bride's dowry, fr.
<grk>fe`rein</grk> to bring. See 1st <u>Bear</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Something reserved to a wife,
over and above her dower, being chiefly apparel and ornaments suited
to her degree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Appendages; ornaments; finery;
equipments.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*phi*mo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; beyond + &?; to muzzle.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition in
which the prepuce, after being retracted behind the glans penis, is
constricted there, and can not be brought forward into place
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*phos*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>para-</i> + <i>phosphoric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pyrophosphoric.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*phrag"ma</hw> (-fr&abreve;g"m&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Paraphragmata</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?;, &?;, an inclosure.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the outer divisions of an endosternite
of Crustacea.</def> -- <wf>Par`a*phrag"mal</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*phrase</hw> (p&abreve;r"&adot;*fr&amacr;z),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>paraphrasis</i>, Gr.
<grk>para`frasis</grk>, from <grk>parafra`zein</grk> to say the same
thing in other words; <grk>para`</grk> beside + <grk>fra`zein</grk> to
speak: cf. F. <i>paraphrase</i>. See <u>Para-</u>, and <u>Phrase</u>.]
<def>A restatement of a text, passage, or work, expressing the meaning
of the original in another form, generally for the sake of its clearer
and fuller exposition; a setting forth the signification of a text in
other and ampler terms; a free translation or rendering; -- opposed to
<i>metaphrase</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>paraphrase</i>, or translation with latitude, the
author's words are not so strictly followed as his sense.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Excellent <i>paraphrases</i> of the Psalms of
David.</blockquote> <i>I. Disraeli.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His sermons a living <i>paraphrase</i> upon his
practice.</blockquote> <i>Sowth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Targums are also called the Chaldaic or Aramaic
<i>Paraphrases</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*phrase</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paraphrased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paraphrasing</u> (?).] <def>To express, interpret, or translate
with latitude; to give the meaning of a passage in other
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are put to construe and <i>paraphrase</i> our own
words.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*phrase</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
paraphrase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*phra`ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
paraphrases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*phra"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
paraphraser.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Par"a*phrast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>paraphrastes</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>paraphraste</i>.] <def>A
paraphraser.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`a*phras"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Par`a*phras"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.&?;: cf. F. <i>paraphrastique</i>.]
<def>Paraphrasing; of the nature of paraphrase; explaining, or
translating in words more clear and ample than those of the author;
not literal; free.</def> -- <wf>Par`a*phras"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*raph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paraphyses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>para`</grk>
beside + &?; growth.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A minute jointed filament
growing among the archegonia and antheridia of mosses, or with the
spore cases, etc., of other flowerless plants.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Par`a*ple"gi*a</hw> (?), <hw>Par"a*ple`gy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>paraplegia</i>, fr. Gr. &?; hemiplegia,
fr. &?; to strike at the side; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; to
strike: cf. F. <i>parapl&eacute;gie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Palsy of
the lower half of the body on both sides, caused usually by disease of
the spinal cord.</def> -- <wf>Par`a*pleg"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*pleu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Parapleur&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Para-</u>, and 2d
<u>Pleura</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A chitinous piece between the
metasternum and the pleuron of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Parapodia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>para`</grk> beside
+ &?;, dim. of &?; foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the lateral
appendages of an annelid; -- called also <i>foot
tubercle</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They may serve for locomotion, respiration, and sensation,
and often contain spines or set&aelig;. When well developed, a dorsal
part, or <i>notopodium</i>, and a ventral part, or <i>neuropodium</i>,
are distinguished.</p>

<p><hw>Par`a*poph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Parapophyses</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Para-</u>, and
<u>Apophysis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The ventral transverse, or
capitular, process of a vertebra. See <u>Vertebra</u>.</def> --
<wf>Par*ap`o*phys"ic*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*rap"te*rum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paraptera</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Para-</u>, and
<u>Pteron</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A special plate situated on
the sides of the mesothorax and metathorax of certain
insects.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`a*quet"</hw> (?), <hw>Par`a*qui"to</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Paroquet</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Parrakeet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*sang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>parasanga</i>,
Gr. &?;, from Old Persian; cf. Per. <i>farsang</i>.] <def>A Persian
measure of length, which, according to Herodotus and Xenophon, was
thirty stadia, or somewhat more than three and a half miles. The
measure varied in different times and places, and, as now used, is
estimated at from three and a half to four English miles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*sce"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Parascenia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>para`</grk>
beside + &?; stage.] <i>(Greek &amp; Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>One of two
apartments adjoining the stage, probably used as robing
rooms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*sce"ve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
&?;, lit., preparation.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Among the Jews, the
evening before the Sabbath.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mark xv. 42 (Douay
ver.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A preparation.</def> [R.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*sche*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to
change from the true form.] <def>Of or pertaining to a change from the
right form, as in the formation of a word from another by a change of
termination, gender, etc.</def>  <i>Max M&uuml;ller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*se*le"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paraselen&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr.
<grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; the moon: cf. F.
<i>paras&eacute;l&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A mock moon;
an image of the moon which sometimes appears at the point of
intersection of two lunar halos.  Cf. <u>Parhelion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*si"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An artificial group
formerly made for parasitic insects, as lice, ticks, mites, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A division of copepod Crustacea, having a
sucking mouth, as the lerneans. They are mostly parasites on fishes.
Called also <i>Siphonostomata</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1042 !></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*si`tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to parasites;
parasitic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>parasitus</i>, Gr. &?;, lit., eating beside, or at the table of,
another; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; to feed, from &?; wheat, grain,
food.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who frequents the tables of the rich,
or who lives at another's expense, and earns his welcome by flattery;
a hanger-on; a toady; a sycophant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou, with trembling fear,<BR>
Or like a fawning <i>parasite</i>, obey'st.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Parasites</i> were called such smell-feasts as would
seek to be free guests at rich men's tables.</blockquote>
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plant
obtaining nourishment immediately from other plants to which it
attaches itself, and whose juices it absorbs; -- sometimes, but
erroneously, called <i>epiphyte</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
plant living on or within an animal, and supported at its expense, as
many species of fungi of the genus <i>Torrubia</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
animal which lives during the whole or part of its existence on or in
the body of some other animal, feeding upon its food, blood, or
tissues, as lice, tapeworms, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
animal which steals the food of another, as the parasitic jager.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An animal which habitually uses the nest of
another, as the cowbird and the European cuckoo.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`a*sit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Par`a*sit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>parasiticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>parasitique</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of a parasite; fawning for
food or favors; sycophantic.</def> "<i>Parasitic</i> preachers."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to parasites; living on, or deriving nourishment from, some other
living animal or plant. See <u>Parasite</u>, 2 &amp; 3.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parasitic gull</b></col>, <col><b>Parasitic
jager</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Jager</u>.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Par`a*sit"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Par`a*sit"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*sit"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Parasite</i> + L. <i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>Anything used to
destroy parasites.</def>  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*si`tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>parasitisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or behavior of a parasite; the
act of a parasite.</def> "Court <i>parasitism</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i><def>The state of
being parasitic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*sol`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp. or Pg.
<i>parasol</i>, or It. <i>parasole</i>; It. <i>parare</i> to ward off,
Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>parar</i> (L. <i>parare</i> to prepare) + It. <i>sole</i>
sun, Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>sol</i> (L. <i>sol</i>). See <u>Parry</u>,
<u>Solar</u>.] <def>A kind of small umbrella used by women as a
protection from the sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*sol`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shade as with
a parasol.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Par`a*sol*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
parasol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*sphe"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>sphenoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Near the sphenoid bone; -
- applied especially to a bone situated immediately beneath the
sphenoid in the base of the skull in many animals.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The parasphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ras"ti*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + Gr. &?; a row.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A secondary spiral in
phyllotaxy, as one of the evident spirals in a pine cone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*syn*ax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, from &?; to assemble illegally or secretly.] <i>(Civil Law)</i>
<def>An unlawful meeting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*syn*thet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Para-</u>, and <u>Synthetic</u>.] <def>Formed from a compound
word.</def> "<i>Parasynthetic</i> derivatives."  <i>Dr.
Murray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*tac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>Of pertaining to, or characterized by, parataxis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*tax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a placing beside, fr. &?; to place beside.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The
mere ranging of propositions one after another, without indicating
their connection or interdependence; -- opposed to
<i>syntax</i>.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*rath"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paratheses</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?; a putting beside,
from &?; to put beside.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The placing of two or more
nouns in the same case; apposition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A parenthetical notice,
usually of matter to be afterward expanded.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The matter contained within
brackets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A commendatory prayer.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*thet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to parathesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`ra`ton`nerre"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>parer</i> to parry + <i>tonnerre</i> thunderbolt.] <def>A conductor
of lightning; a lightning rod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*aun"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Par</i> +
<i>aunter</i>.] <def>Peradventure. See <u>Paraventure</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*rauque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bird (<i>Nyctidromus albicollis</i>) ranging from Texas to
South America. It is allied to the night hawk and
goatsucker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*vail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>par aval</i>
below; <i>par</i> through (L. <i>per</i>) + <i>aval</i> down; <i>a-
</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>val</i> (L. <i>vallis</i>) a valley.  Cf.
<u>Paramount</u>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>At the bottom; lowest.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In feudal law, the tenant <i>paravail</i> is the lowest
tenant of the fee, or he who is immediate tenant to one who holds over
of another.  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par"a*vant`</hw> (?), <hw>Par"a*vant`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OF. <i>par avant</i>. See <u>Par</u>, and lst
<u>Avaunt</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In front; publicly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Beforehand; first.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*ven"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Par</i> +
<i>aventure</i>.] <def>Peradventure; perchance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*xan"thin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>Para-
</i> + <i>xanthin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline
substance closely related to xanthin, present in small quantity in
urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*ax"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-</i>
+ <i>axial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>On either side of the axis of the
skeleton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*xy"lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A hydrocarbon of the aromatic series obtained as a colorless
liquid by the distillation of camphor with zinc chloride. It is one of
the three metamers of xylene.  Cf. <u>Metamer</u>, and
<u>Xylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"boil`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Parboiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Parboiling</u>.] [OE. <i>parboilen</i>, OF. <i>parbouillir</i> to
cook well; <i>par</i> through (see <u>Par</u>) + <i>bouillir</i> to
boil, L. <i>bullire</i>. The sense has been influenced by E.
<i>part</i>. See lst <u>Boil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To boil or
cook thoroughly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To boil in part; to cook partially by
boiling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"break`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [<i>Par</i> +
<i>break</i>.] <def>To throw out; to vomit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"break`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vomit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"buc`kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A kind of purchase for hoisting or lowering a cylindrical burden,
as a cask. The middle of a long rope is made fast aloft, and both
parts are looped around the object, which rests in the loops, and
rolls in them as the ends are hauled up or payed out.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A double sling made of a single rope, for
slinging a cask, gun, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"buc`kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Parbuckled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Parbuckling</u> (?).] <def>To hoist or lower by means of a
parbuckle.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"c&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.] <def>The
Fates. See <u>Fate</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*case"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Par</i> +
<i>case</i>.] <def>Perchance; by chance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>parcelle</i> a
small part, fr. (assumed) LL. <i>particella</i>, dim. of L.
<i>pars</i>. See <u>Part</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Particle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A portion of anything taken
separately; a fragment of a whole; a part.</def> [Archaic] "A
<i>parcel</i> of her woe."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two <i>parcels</i> of the white of an egg.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>parcels</i> of the nation adopted different
forms of self-government.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A part; a portion; a piece;
as, a certain piece of land is part and <i>parcel</i> of another
piece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An indiscriminate or indefinite number,
measure, or quantity; a collection; a group.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This youthful <i>parcel</i><BR>
Of noble bachelors stand at my disposing.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A number or quantity of things put up
together; a bundle; a package; a packet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis like a <i>parcel</i> sent you by the
stage.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of parcels</b></col>. <cd>See under 6th
<u>Bill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Parcel office</b></col>, <cd>an office
where parcels are received for keeping or forwarding and
delivery.</cd> -- <col><b>Parcel post</b></col>, <cd>that department
of the post office concerned with the collection and transmission of
parcels.</cd> -- <col><b>Part and parcel</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Part</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"cel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Parceled</u> (?) or <u>Parcelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Parceling</u> or <u>Parcelling</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide and distribute by parts or
portions; -- often with <i>out</i> or <i>into</i>.</def> "Their woes
are <i>parceled</i>, mine are general."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These ghostly kings would <i>parcel</i> out my
power.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The broad woodland <i>parceled</i> into
farms.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To add a parcel or item to; to
itemize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That mine own servant should<BR>
<i>Parcel</i> the sum of my disgraces by<BR>
Addition of his envy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make up into a parcel; as, to
<i>parcel</i> a customer's purchases; the machine <i>parcels</i> yarn,
wool, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To parcel a rope</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to wind
strips of tarred canvas tightly arround it.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> --
<col><b>To parcel a seam</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to cover it
with a strip of tarred canvas.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"cel</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Part or half; in
part; partially. <i>Shak.</i> [Sometimes hyphened with the word
following.]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The worthy dame was <i>parcel</i>-blind.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W.  Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One that . . . was <i>parcel</i>-bearded [partially
bearded].</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Parcel poet</b></col>, <cd>a half poet; a poor poet.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"cel*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>parcelling</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of dividing and distributing in
portions or parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Long, narrow slips of canvas
daubed with tar and wound about a rope like a bandage, before it is
served; used, also, in mousing on the stayes, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"cel-mele`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See
<u>Parcel</u>, and <u>Meal</u> a part.] <def>By parcels or
parts.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"ce*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Parcener</u>, <u>partner</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The holding or
occupation of an inheritable estate which descends from the ancestor
to two or more persons; coheirship.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It differs in many respects from <i>joint tenancy</i>, which
is created by deed or devise. In the United States there is no
essential distinction between parcenary and tenancy in common.
<i>Wharton. Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"ce*ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of.
<i>par&ccedil;onnier</i>, <i>parsonnier</i>, fr. <i>parzon</i>,
<i>par&ccedil;un</i>, <i>parcion</i>, part, portion, fr. L.
<i>partitio</i> a division. See <u>Partition</u>, and cf.
<u>Partner</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A coheir, or one of two or more
persons to whom an estate of inheritance descends jointly, and by whom
it is held as one estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Parch</hw> (p&auml;rch), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Parched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Parching</u>.] [OE. <i>perchen</i> to pierce, hence
used of a piercing heat or cold, OF. <i>perchier</i>, another form of
<i>percier</i>, F. <i>percer</i>. See <u>Pierce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To burn the surface of; to scorch; to roast
over the fire, as dry grain; as, to <i>parch</i> the skin; to
<i>parch</i> corn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall eat neither bread, nor <i>parched</i>
corn.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xxiii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dry to extremity; to shrivel with heat;
as, the mouth is <i>parched</i> from fever.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ground below is <i>parched</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Parch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become scorched or
superficially burnt; to be very dry.</def> "<i>Parch</i> in Afric
sun."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Parch"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being parched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*che"si</hw> (p&auml;r*ch&emacr;"z&ibreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Pachisi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Parch"ing</hw> (p&auml;rch"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scorching; burning; drying.</def> "Summer's <i>parching</i>
heat." <i>Shak.</i> -- <wf>Parch"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Parch"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>parchemin</i>, <i>perchemin</i>, F. <i>parchemin</i>, LL.
<i>pergamenum</i>, L. <i>pergamena</i>, <i>pergamina</i>, fr. L.
<i>Pergamenus</i> of or belonging to <i>Pergamus</i> an ancient city
of Mysia in Asia Minor, where parchment was first used.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The skin of a lamb, sheep, goat, young calf,
or other animal, prepared for writing on. See <u>Vellum</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But here's a <i>parchment</i> with the seal of
C&aelig;sar.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The envelope of the coffee grains, inside
the pulp.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parchment paper</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Papyrine</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"ci*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>parcitas</i>,
fr. <i>parcus</i> sparing.] <def>Sparingless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par"close</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. See
<u>Perclose</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Arch.)</i> <def>A screen separating a
chapel from the body of the church.</def> [Written also
<i>paraclose</i> and <i>perclose</i>.]  <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pard</hw> (p&auml;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pardus</i>,
Gr. <grk>pa`rdos</grk>; cf. Skr. <i>p&rsdot;d&amacr;ku</i> tiger,
panther.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A leopard; a panther.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And more pinch-spotted make them<BR>
Than <i>pard</i> or cat o'mountain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"dale</hw> (p&auml;r"d&asl;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pardalis</i>, Gr. <grk>pa`rdalis</grk>.  Cf. <u>Pard</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A leopard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par*de"</hw> (?), <hw>Par*die"</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>adv. or
interj.</i></pos> [F. <i>pardi</i>, for <i>par Dieu</i> by God.]
<def>Certainly; surely; truly; verily; -- originally an oath.</def>
[Written also <i>pardee</i>, <i>pardieux</i>, <i>perdie</i>, etc.]
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was, <i>parde</i>, an old fellow of
yours.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Spotted like a pard.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pardine lynx</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species
of lynx (<i>Felis pardina</i>) inhabiting Southern Europe. Its color
is rufous, spotted with black.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>pardao</i>, fr.
Skr. <i>prat&amacr;pa</i> splendor, majesty.] <def>A money of account
in Goa, India, equivalent to about 2s. 6d. sterling. or 60
cts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>pardonner</i> to pardon. See <u>Pardon</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of pardoning;
forgiveness, as of an offender, or of an offense; release from
penalty; remission of punishment; absolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pardon</i>, my lord, for me and for my
tidings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But infinite in <i>pardon</i> was my
judge.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>Used in expressing courteous denial or contradiction; as, I crave
your <i>pardon</i>; or in indicating that one has not understood
another; as, I beg <i>pardon</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An official warrant of remission of
penalty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sign me a present <i>pardon</i> for my
brother.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being forgiven.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A release, by a sovereign, or
officer having jurisdiction, from the penalties of an offense, being
distinguished from <i>amenesty</i>, which is a general obliteration
and canceling of a particular line of past offenses.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Forgiveness; remission. See <u>Forgiveness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Par"don</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pardoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pardoning</u>.] [Either fr. <i>pardon</i>, n., or from F.
<i>pardonner</i>, LL. <i>perdonare</i>; L. <i>per</i> through,
thoroughly, perfectly + <i>donare</i> to give, to present. See <u>Par-
</u>, and <u>Donation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To absolve from
the consequences of a fault or the punishment of crime; to free from
penalty; -- applied to the offender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this thing the Lord <i>pardon</i> thy
servant.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings v. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I pray you, <i>pardon</i> me; pray heartily,
<i>pardom</i> me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remit the penalty of; to suffer to pass
without punishment; to forgive; -- applied to offenses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I pray thee, <i>pardon</i> my sin.</blockquote> <i>1
S&?;&?;. xv. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Apollo, <i>pardon</i><BR>
My great profaneness 'gainst thine oracle &?;</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To refrain from exacting as a
penalty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>pardon</i> thee thy life before thou ask
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give leave (of departure) to.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Even now about it! I will <i>pardon</i>
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pardon me</b></col>, <cd>forgive me; excuse me; -- a phrase
used also to express courteous denial or contradiction.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To forgive; absolve; excuse; overlook; remit;
acquit. See <u>Excuse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Par"don*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pardonnable</i>.] <def>Admitting of pardon; not requiring the
excution of penalty; venial; excusable; -- applied to the offense or
to the offender; as, a <i>pardonable</i> fault, or culprit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"don*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being pardonable; as, the <i>pardonableness</i> of
sin.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"don*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner
admitting of pardon; excusably.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"don*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who pardons.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A seller of indulgences.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"don*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to pardon;
having or exercising the right to pardon; willing to pardon; merciful;
as, the <i>pardoning</i> power; a <i>pardoning</i> God.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pare</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paring</u>.] [F. <i>parer</i> to pare, as a horse's hoofs, to dress
or curry, as, leather, to clear, as anchors or cables, to parry, ward
off, fr. L. <i>parare</i> to prepare.  Cf. <u>Empire</u>,
<u>Parade</u>, <u>Pardon</u>, <u>Parry</u>, <u>Prepare</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut off, or shave off, the superficial
substance or extremities of; as, to <i>pare</i> an apple; to
<i>pare</i> a horse's hoof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove; to separate; to cut or shave, as
the skin, ring, or outside part, from anything; -- followed by
<i>off</i> or <i>away</i>; as; to <i>pare</i> off the ring of fruit;
to <i>pare</i> away redundancies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To diminish the bulk of; to reduce;
to lessen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king began to <i>pare</i> a little the privilege of
clergy.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`e*gor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>paregoricus</i>, Gr. &?;, from &?; addressing, encouraging,
soothing; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; an assembly: cf. F.
<i>par&eacute;gorique</i>. See <u>Allegory</u>.] <def>Mitigating;
assuaging or soothing pain; as, <i>paregoric</i> elixir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`e*gor"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine that mitigates pain; an anodyne; specifically, camphorated
tincture of opium; -- called also <i>paregoric elexir</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rel"con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to draw
aside, to be redundant; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; to draw.]
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The addition of a syllable or particle to the end
of a pronoun, verb, or adverb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`e*lec`tro*nom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or relating to parelectronomy; as, the
<i>parelectronomic</i> part of a muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*e`lec*tron"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>para-</i> + <i>electro-</i> + Gr. &?; law.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>A condition of the muscles induced by exposure to severe cold, in
which the electrical action of the muscle is reversed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Pa*rel"la</hw> (?), <hw>||Pa`relle</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>parelle</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A name for two kinds of dock (<i>Rumex
Patientia</i> and <i>R. Hydrolapathum</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A kind of lichen (<i>Lecanora parella</i>) once used in dyeing
and in the preparation of litmus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*rem"bo*le</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; an insertion beside. See <u>Para-</u>, and <u>Embolus</u>.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A kind of parenthesis.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1043 !></p>

<p><hw>Pare"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Parament</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Par`emp*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; a coming in beside; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; to fall in.]
<def>Same as <u>Parembole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ren"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to pour in beside; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; in + &?;
to pour: cf. F. <i>parenchyme</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The soft
celluar substance of the tissues of plants and animals, like the pulp
of leaves, to soft tissue of glands, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ren"chy*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or consisting of, parenchyma.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`en*chym"a*tous</hw> (?), <hw>Pa*ren"chy*mous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>parenchymateux</i>.] <def>Of,
pertaining to, or connected with, the parenchyma of a tissue or an
organ; as, <i>parenchymatous</i> degeneration.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*ren"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>paraenesis</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to advise.]
<def>Exhortation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`e*net"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Par`e*net"io*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>par&eacute;n&eacute;tique</i>.] <def>Hortatory; encouraging;
persuasive.</def> [R.]  <i>F. Potter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>parens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>; akin to <i>parere</i> to bring forth; cf. Gr. &?; to give,
beget: cf. F. <i>parent</i>.  Cf. <u>Part</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who begets, or brings forth, offspring; a father or a
mother.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Children, obey your <i>parents</i> in the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Eph. vi. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which produces; cause; source; author;
begetter; as, idleness is the <i>parent</i> of vice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Regular industry is the <i>parent</i> of
sobriety.</blockquote> <i>Channing.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Parent cell</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See <i>Mother
cell</i>, under <u>Mother</u>, also <u>Cytula</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Parent nucleus</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a nucleus which,
in cell division, divides, and gives rise to two or more daughter
nuclei. See <u>Karyokinesis</u>, and <i>Cell division</i>, under
<u>Division</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"ent*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>parentage</i> relationship.] <def>Descent from parents or
ancestors; parents or ancestors considered with respect to their rank
or character; extraction; birth; as, a man of noble
<i>parentage</i>.</def> "Wilt thou deny thy <i>parentage</i>?"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though men esteem thee low of
<i>parentage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ren"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>parentalis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
parent or to parents; as, <i>parental</i> authority; <i>parental</i>
obligations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Becoming to, or characteristic of, parents;
tender; affectionate; devoted; as, <i>parental</i> care.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The careful course and <i>parental</i> provision of
nature.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ren"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a parental
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`en*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>parentatio</i>, fr. <i>parentare</i> to offer a solemn sacrifice in
honor of deceased parents. See <u>Parent</u>.] <def>Something done or
said in honor of the dead; obsequies.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Abp.
Potter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"en`tele`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>parent&egrave;le</i>, L. <i>parentela</i>.] <def>Kinship;
parentage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ren"the*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Parentheses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to put
in beside, insert; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; in + &?; to put,
place. See <u>Para-</u>, <u>En-</u>, 2, and <u>Thesis</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A word, phrase, or sentence, by way of
comment or explanation, inserted in, or attached to, a sentence which
would be grammatically complete without it. It is usually inclosed
within curved lines (see def. 2 below), or dashes.</def> "Seldom
mentioned without a derogatory <i>parenthesis</i>."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Don't suffer every occasional thought to carry you away
into a long <i>parenthesis</i>.</blockquote> <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>One of the curved lines ()
which inclose a parenthetic word or phrase.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Parenthesis</i>, in technical grammar, is that part of a
sentence which is inclosed within the recognized sign; but many
phrases and sentences which are punctuated by commas are logically
parenthetical. In def. 1, the phrase "by way of comment or
explanation" is inserted for explanation, and the sentence would be
grammatically complete without it. The present tendency is to avoid
using the distinctive marks, except when confusion would arise from a
less conspicuous separation.</p>

<p><hw>Pa*ren"the*size</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
a parenthesis of; to include within parenthetical marks.</def>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`en*thet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Par`en*thet"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the
nature of a parenthesis; pertaining to, or expressed in, or as in, a
parenthesis; as, a <i>parenthetical</i> clause; a <i>parenthetic</i>
remark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>parenthetical</i> observation of Moses
himself.</blockquote> <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Using or containing parentheses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`en*thet"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
parenthetical manner; by way of parenthesis; by parentheses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ent*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of a
parent; the office or character of a parent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ren"ti*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>parenticida</i> a parricide; <i>parens</i> parent + <i>caedere</i>
to kill.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of one who kills one's own
parent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who kills one's own parent; a
parricide.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Par"ent*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deprived of
parents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*ep`i*did"y*mis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Para-</u>, and <u>Epididymis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A small body
containing convoluted tubules, situated near the epididymis in man and
some other animals, and supposed to be a remnant of the anterior part
of the Wolffian body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Pare</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>One who, or that which, pares; an
instrument for paring.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*rer"gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Parergy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"er*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>parergon</i>,
Gr. &?;; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; work.] <def>Something
unimportant, incidental, or superfluous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Par"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to let go; &?; from + &?; to send.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Incomplete paralysis, affecting motion but not
sensation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*eth"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-</i>
+ <i>ethmoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Near or beside the ethmoid bone
or cartilage; -- applied especially to a pair of bones in the nasal
region of some fishes, and to the ethmoturbinals in some higher
animals.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A parethmoid
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to paresis; affected with paresis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*fay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [<i>Par</i> +
<i>fay</i>.] <def>By my faith; verily.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"fit</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Perfect.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"fit*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Perfectly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par*forn"</hw> (?), <hw>Par*fourn"</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To perform.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i> <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"gas*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>Pargas</i>, in Finland.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A dark green aluminous
variety of amphibole, or hornblende.</def></p>

<p><hw>Parge"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Bargeboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"get</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pargeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pargeting</u>.] [OE. <i>pargeten</i>, also <i>spargeten</i>,
<i>sparchen</i>; of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To coat
with parget; to plaster, as walls, or the interior of flues; as, to
<i>parget</i> the outside of their houses.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pargeted</i> ceiling with pendants.</blockquote>
<i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To paint; to cover over.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par"get</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To lay on plaster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To paint, as the face.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"get</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Gypsum or plaster stone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plaster, as for lining the interior of
flues, or for stuccowork.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Paint, especially for the face.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"get*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
plasterer.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"get*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>pargetting</i>.] <def>Plasterwork; esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A kind
of decorative plasterwork in raised ornamental figures, formerly used
for the internal and external decoration of houses.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> In modern architecture, the plastering of the
inside of flues, intended to give a smooth surface and help the
draught.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"get*o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something made
of, or covered with, parget, or plaster.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*he"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to parhelia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*hel"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Parhelia</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>parelion</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;;
<grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; the sun.] <def>A mock sun appearing in
the form of a bright light, sometimes near the sun, and tinged with
colors like the rainbow, and sometimes opposite to the sun. The latter
is usually called an <i>anthelion</i>. Often several mock suns appear
at the same time.  Cf. <u>Paraselene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par*he"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Parhelion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"i-</hw> (?). [L. <i>par</i>, <i>paris</i>, equal.] <def>A
combining form signifying <i>equal</i>; as, <i>pari</i>digitate,
<i>pari</i>pinnate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"ri*ah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Tamil
<i>paraiyan</i>, pl. <i>paraiyar</i>, one of the low caste, fr.
<i>parai</i> a large drum, because they beat the drums at certain
festivals.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of an aboriginal people of Southern
India, regarded by the four castes of the Hindoos as of very low
grade. They are usually the serfs of the Sudra agriculturalists. See
<u>Caste</u>.</def>  <i>Balfour (Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An outcast; one despised by
society.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pariah dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a mongrel
race of half-wild dogs which act as scavengers in Oriental
cities.</cd> -- <col><b>Pariah kite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a species of kite (<i>Milvus govinda</i>) which acts as a
scavenger in India.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ri"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Pair
royal</i>, under <u>Pair</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Parius</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Paros, an island in the &AElig;gean Sea noted
for its excellent statuary marble; as, <i>Parian</i> marble.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parian chronicle</b></col>, <cd>a most ancient chronicle of
the city of Athens, engraved on marble in the Isle of Paros, now among
the Arundelian marbles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pa"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Paros.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ceramic ware, resembling unglazed
porcelain biscuit, of which are made statuettes, ornaments,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`i*dig`i*ta"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pari-</u>, and <u>Digitate</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Artiodactyla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`i*dig"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having an even number of digits on the hands or the feet.</def>
<i>Qwen.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pa"ri*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Parietes</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Parietes</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The triangular middle part of each segment of
the shell of a barnacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ri"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>parietalis</i>, fr. <i>paries</i>, <i>-ietis</i>, a wall: cf. F.
<i>pari&eacute;tal</i>.  Cf. <u>Parietary</u>, <u>Pellitory</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a wall; hence,
pertaining to buildings or the care of them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resident within the walls or buildings of a
college.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At Harvard College, the officers resident within the
college walls constitute a permanent standing committee, called the
<i>Parietal</i> Committee.</blockquote> <i>B. H. Hall (1856).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of
pertaining to the parietes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or in the region of, the parietal bones, which form the
upper and middle part of the cranium, between the frontals and
occipitals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Attached to the main wall of
the ovary, and not to the axis; -- said of a placenta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ri"e*tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the parietal bones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the special
scales, or plates, covering the back of the head in certain reptiles
and fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ri"e*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Parietal</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ri"e*ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>parietaria</i>,
fr. <i>parietarius</i> parietal.  Cf. <u>Pellitory</u>,
<u>Parietal</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of
<i>Parietaria</i>. See 1st <u>Pellitory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*ri"e*tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>paries</i> a wall.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The walls of a cavity or an
organ; as, the abdominal <i>parietes</i>; the <i>parietes</i> of the
cranium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The sides of an ovary or of a
capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`ri*et"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found in the lichen
<i>Parmelia parietina</i>, and called also <i>chrysophanic</i>
<i>acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ri"e*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>parietinus</i> parietal: cf. <i>parietinae</i> ruined walls.]
<def>A piece of a fallen wall; a ruin.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ri"e*to-</hw> (&?;). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A combining form
used to indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the
parietal bones or the parietal segment of the skull</i>; as, the
<i>parieto</i>-mastoid suture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rig"e*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pari</i>llin +
<i>-gen</i> + <i>-in</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A curdy white
substance, obtained by the decomposition of parillin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ril"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Shortened fr.
<i>sarsaparillin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside resembling
saponin, found in the root of sarsaparilla, smilax, etc., and
extracted as a bitter white crystalline substance; -- called also
<i>smilacin</i>, <i>sarsaparilla saponin</i>, and
<i>sarsaparillin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Pare</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of cutting
off the surface or extremites of anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is pared off.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pare off the surface of the earth, and with the
<i>parings</i> raise your hills.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`i*pin"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pari-</i> +
<i>pinnate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pinnate with an equal number of
leaflets on each side; having no odd leaflet at the end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Paris</i>, the
son of Priam.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant common in Europe (<i>Paris
quadrifolia</i>); herb Paris; truelove. It has been used as a
narcotic.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It much resembles the American genus <i>Trillium</i>, but
has usually four leaves and a tetramerous flower.</p>

<p><hw>Par"is</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The chief city of
France.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Paris green</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Green</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Paris white</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>purified chalk used as a pigment; whiting; Spanish
white.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>parishe</i>,
<i>paresche</i>, <i>parosche</i>, OF. <i>paroisse</i>, <i>parosse</i>,
<i>paroiche</i>, F. <i>paroisse</i>, L. <i>parochia</i>, corrupted fr.
<i>paroecia</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; dwelling beside or near;
<grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; a house, dwelling; akin to L.
<i>vicus</i> village. See <u>Vicinity</u>, and cf.
<u>Parochial</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. &amp; Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>That circuit of ground committed to the charge of one parson or
vicar, or other minister having cure of souls therein.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The same district,
constituting a civil jurisdiction, with its own officers and
regulations, as respects the poor, taxes, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Populous and extensive parishes are now divided, under
various parliamentary acts, into smaller ecclesiastical districts for
spiritual purposes.  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastical society, usually not
bounded by territorial limits, but composed of those persons who
choose to unite under the charge of a particular priest, clergyman, or
minister; also, loosely, the territory in which the members of a
congregation live.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In Louisiana, a civil division
corresponding to a <i>county</i> in other States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
parish; parochial; as, a <i>parish</i> church; <i>parish</i> records;
a <i>parish</i> priest; maintained by the parish; as, <i>parish</i>
poor.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Parish clerk</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The clerk
or recording officer of a parish</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
layman who leads in the responses and otherwise assists in the service
of the Church of England.</cd> -- <col><b>Parish court</b></col>,
<cd>in Louisiana, a court in each parish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"ish*en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
parishioner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rish"ion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a parish; parochial.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rish"ion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>paroissien</i>, LL. <i>parochianus</i>.] <def>One who belongs to,
or is connected with, a parish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ri"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>parisen</i>.] <def>A native or inhabitant of Paris, the capital of
France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ri"sian</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Paris.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`ri`si`enne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
female native or resident of Paris.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`i*sol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; almost
equal, evenly balanced + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The use of equivocal or
ambiguous words.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`i*syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Par`i*syl*lab"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pari-</i> + <i>syllabic</i>, <i>-ical</i>:
cf. F. <i>parisyllabique</i>.] <def>Having the same number of
syllables in all its inflections.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>apparitor</i>: cf. L. <i>paritor</i> a servant, attendant.] <def>An
apparitor.</def> "Summoned by an host of <i>paritors</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pellitory.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>paritas</i>, fr.
<i>par</i>, <i>paris</i>, equal: cf. F. <i>parit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Pair</u>, <u>Peer</u> an equal.] <def>The quality or condition of
being equal or equivalent; A like state or degree; equality; close
correspondence; analogy; as, <i>parity</i> of reasoning.</def> "No
<i>parity</i> of principle."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Equality of length and <i>parity</i> of
numeration.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Park</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>pearroc</i>, or
perh. rather fr. F. <i>parc</i>; both being of the same origin; cf.
LL. <i>parcus</i>, <i>parricus</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>pairc</i>, W.
<i>park</i>, <i>parwg</i>.  Cf. <u>Paddock</u> an inclosure,
<u>Parrock</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A piece of
ground inclosed, and stored with beasts of the chase, which a man may
have by prescription, or the king's grant.</def>  <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tract of ground kept in its natural
state, about or adjacent to a residence, as for the preservation of
game, for walking, riding, or the like.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While in the <i>park</i> I sing, the listening deer<BR>
Attend my passion, and forget to fear.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of ground, in or near a city or
town, inclosed and kept for ornament and recreation; as, Hyde
<i>Park</i> in London; Central <i>Park</i> in New York.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A space occupied by the
animals, wagons, pontoons, and materials of all kinds, as ammunition,
ordnance stores, hospital stores, provisions, etc., when brought
together; also, the objects themselves; as, a <i>park</i> of wagons; a
<i>park</i> of artillery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A partially inclosed basin in which oysters
are grown.</def> [Written also <i>parc</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Park of artillery</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Artillery</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Park phaeton</b></col>, <cd>a small,
low carriage, for use in parks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Park</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Parked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Parking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inclose in a park, or as
in a park.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How are we <i>parked</i>, and bounded in a
pale.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To bring together in a park,
or compact body; as, to <i>park</i> the artillery, the wagons,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Park"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The keeper of a
park.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Par*ke"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named from
W. K. <i>Parker</i>, a British zo&ouml;logist.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of large arenaceous fossil Foraminifera found in the
Cretaceous rocks. The species are globular, or nearly so, and are of
all sizes up to that of a tennis ball.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1044 !></p>

<p><hw>Parkes"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from Mr.
<i>Parkes</i>, the inventor.] <def>A compound, originally made from
gun cotton and castor oil, but later from different materials, and
used as a substitute for vulcanized India rubber and for ivory; --
called also <i>xylotile</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Park"leaves`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A European species of Saint John's-wort; the tutsan. See
<u>Tutsan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"lance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., fr. F.
<i>parler</i> to speak. See <u>Parley</u>.] <def>Conversation;
discourse; talk; diction; phrase; as, in legal <i>parlance</i>; in
common <i>parlance</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A hate of gossip <i>parlance</i> and of
sway.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Par*lan"do</hw> (?), <hw>||Par*lan"te</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Speaking; in a
speaking or declamatory manner; to be sung or played in the style of a
recitative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Parle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>parler</i>. See
<u>Parley</u>.] <def>To talk; to converse; to parley.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Finding himself too weak, began to
<i>parle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Parle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Conversation; talk;
parley.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They ended <i>parle</i>, and both addressed for
fight.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Parleys</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>parler</i> speech, talk, fr.
<i>parler</i> to speak, LL. <i>parabolare</i>, fr. L. <i>parabola</i>
a comparison, parable, in LL., a word. See <u>Parable</u>, and cf.
<u>Parliament</u>, <u>Parlor</u>.] <def>Mutual discourse or
conversation; discussion; hence, an oral conference with an enemy, as
with regard to a truce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We yield on <i>parley</i>, but are stormed in
vain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To beat a parley</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to beat a
drum, or sound a trumpet, as a signal for holding a conference with
the enemy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"ley</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Parleyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Parleying</u>.] <def>To speak with another; to confer on some point
of mutual concern; to discuss orally; hence, specifically, to confer
orally with an enemy; to treat with him by words, as on an exchange of
prisoners, an armistice, or terms of peace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are at hand,<BR>
To <i>parley</i> or to fight; therefore prepare.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"lia*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>parlement</i>, F. <i>parlement</i>, fr. <i>parler</i> to speak; cf.
LL. <i>parlamentum</i>, <i>parliamentum</i>. See <u>Parley</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A parleying; a discussion; a conference.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But first they held their
<i>parliament</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A formal conference on public affairs; a
general council; esp., an assembly of representatives of a nation or
people having authority to make laws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They made request that it might be lawful for them to
summon a <i>parliament</i> of Gauls.</blockquote> <i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The assembly of the three estates of the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, viz., the lords
spiritual, lords temporal, and the representatives of the commons,
sitting in the House of Lords and the House of Commons, constituting
the legislature, when summoned by the royal authority to consult on
the affairs of the nation, and to enact and repeal laws.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Thought the sovereign is a constituting branch of
Parliament, the word is generally used to denote the three estates
named above.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In France, before the Revolution of 1789,
one of the several principal judicial courts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parliament heel</b></col>, <cd>the inclination of a ship
when made to careen by shifting her cargo or ballast.</cd> --
<col><b>Parliament hinge</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a hinge with so
great a projection from the wall or frame as to allow a door or
shutter to swing back flat against the wall.</cd> -- <col><b>Long
Parliament</b></col>, <col><b>Rump Parliament</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Long</u>, and <u>Rump</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par`lia*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Parliamentary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par`lia*men*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Parliament.</def>  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`lia*men*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>One who adhered to the
Parliament, in opposition to King Charles I.</def>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One versed in the rules and usages of
Parliament or similar deliberative assemblies; as, an accomplished
<i>parliamentarian</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`lia*men"ta*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
parliamentary manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`lia*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>parlementaire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Parliament; as,
<i>parliamentary</i> authority.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Enacted or done by Parliament; as, a
<i>parliamentary</i> act.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>According to the rules and usages of
Parliament or of deliberative bodies; as, a <i>parliamentary</i>
motion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parliamentary agent</b></col>, <cd>a person, usually a
solicitor, professionally employed by private parties to explain and
recommend claims, bills, etc., under consideration of Parliament.</cd>
[Eng.] -- <col><b>Parliamentary train</b></col>, <cd>one of the trains
which, by act of Parliament, railway companies are required to run for
the conveyance of third-class passengers at a reduced rate.</cd>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Par"lor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>parlour</i>,
<i>parlur</i>, F. <i>parloir</i>, LL. <i>parlatorium</i>. See
<u>Parley</u>.] [Written also <i>parlour</i>.] <def>A room for
business or social conversation, for the reception of guests,
etc.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The apartment in a
monastery or nunnery where the inmates are permitted to meet and
converse with each other, or with visitors and friends from
without.</def> <i>Piers Plowman.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In large
private houses, a sitting room for the family and for familiar guests,
-- a room for less formal uses than the drawing-room. Esp., in modern
times, the dining room of a house having few apartments, as a London
house, where the dining parlor is usually on the ground floor.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Commonly, in the United States, a drawing-
room, or the room where visitors are received and
entertained.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "In England people who have a drawing-room no longer call it
a <i>parlor</i>, as they called it of old and till recently."
<i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Parlor car</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Palace car</i>, under
<u>Car</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>perlous</i>, a
contr. fr. <i>perilous</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Attended with
peril; dangerous; as, a <i>parlous</i> cough. </def> [Archaic] "A
<i>parlous</i> snuffing."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Venturesome; bold; mischievous; keen.</def>
[Obs.] "A <i>parlous</i> boy." <i>Shak.</i> "A <i>parlous</i> wit."
<i>Dryden.</i> -- <wf>Par"lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
-- <wf>Par"lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par`me*san"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>parmesan</i>,
It. <i>parmigiano</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Parma in
Italy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parmesan cheese</b></col>, <cd>a kind of cheese of a rich
flavor, though from skimmed milk, made in Parma, Italy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Par*nas"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of herbs growing in wet places, and having
white flowers; grass of Parnassus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*nas"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Parnassius</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Parnassus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*nas"sian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Parnassus</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of butterflies
belonging to the genus <i>Parnassius</i>. They inhabit the mountains,
both in the Old World and in America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*nas"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Anc. Geog. &amp; Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>A mountain in Greece, sacred to
Apollo and the Muses, and famous for a temple of Apollo and for the
Castalian spring.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grass of Parnassus</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Grass</u>, and <u>Parnassia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To climb
Parnassus</b></col>, <cd>to write poetry.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Par`oc*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>occipital</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated near or beside
the occipital condyle or the occipital bone; paramastoid; -- applied
especially to a process of the skull in some animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ro"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>parochialis</i>, from L. <i>parochia</i>. See <u>Parish</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a parish; restricted to a parish; as,
<i>parochial</i> duties.</def> "<i>Parochial</i> pastors." <i>Bp.
Atterbury.</i> Hence, limited; narrow. "The <i>parochial</i> mind."
<i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ro"chi*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being parochial in form or nature; a system of
management peculiar to parishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ro`chi*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being parochial.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir J. Marriot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ro"chi*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render parochial; to form into parishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ro"chi*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
parochial manner; by the parish, or by parishes.</def>  <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ro"chi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Parochial</u>, <u>Parishioner</u>.] <def>Parochial.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Parochian</i> churches."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ro"chi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>parochianus</i>.] <def>A parishioner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ld.
Burleigh.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa*rod"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pa*rod"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>parodique</i>.] <def>Having
the character of parody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Very paraphrastic, and sometimes
<i>parodical</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"o*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>parodiste</i>.] <def>One who writes a parody; one who
parodies.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Parodies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>parodia</i>, Gr. &?;;
<grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; a song: cf. F. <i>parodie</i>. See
<u>Para-</u>, and <u>Ode</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A writing in which the language or
sentiment of an author is mimicked; especially, a kind of literary
pleasantry, in which what is written on one subject is altered, and
applied to another by way of burlesque; travesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lively <i>parody</i> which he wrote . . . on
Dryden's "Hind and Panther" was received with great
applause.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A popular maxim, adage, or proverb.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par"o*dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Parodied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Parodying</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>parodier</i>.] <def>To write a parody
upon; to burlesque.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have translated, or rather <i>parodied</i>, a poem of
Horace.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"o*ket`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Paroquet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Parole</u>, the
same word.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A word; an oral utterance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Oral declaration; word of
mouth; also, a writing not under seal.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rol"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given or done by word
of mouth; oral; also, given by a writing not under seal; as,
<i>parol</i> evidence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parol arrest</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an arrest in
pursuance of a verbal order from a magistrate.</cd> -- <col><b>Parol
contract</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>any contract not of record or
under seal, whether oral or written; a simple contract.</cd>
<i>Chitty. Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*role"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>parole</i>. See
<u>Parley</u>, and cf. <u>Parol</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A word;
an oral utterance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Word of promise; word of honor; plighted
faith; especially <i>(Mil.)</i>, promise, upon one's faith and honor,
to fulfill stated conditions, as not to bear arms against one's
captors, to return to custody, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This man had forfeited his military
<i>parole</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A watchword given only to
officers of guards; -- distinguished from <i>countersign</i>, which is
given to all guards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Oral declaration. See lst
<u>Parol</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*role"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Parol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*role"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paroled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paroling</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To set at liberty on parole; as,
to <i>parole</i> prisoners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`o*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. fr. &?;, fr.
&?; to grant; &?; by, near + &?; to speak together, agree. See
<u>Homologous</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A concession to an adversary
in order to strengthen one's own argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`o*no*ma"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to form a word by a slight change; <grk>para`</grk>
beside + &?; to name, fr. &?; a name.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A play upon
words; a figure by which the same word is used in different senses, or
words similar in sound are set in opposition to each other, so as to
give antithetical force to the sentence; punning.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par`o*no*mas"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Par`o*no*mas"tic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to paronomasia;
consisting in a play upon words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`o*nom"a*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>paronomasie</i>.] <def>Paronomasia.</def> [R.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Par`o*nych"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?;, &?;, a nail.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
whitlow, or felon.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"o*nym</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A paronymous
word.</def> [Written also <i>paronyme</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*ron"y*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>para`</grk> beside, near + &?; a name.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the same derivation; allied radically; conjugate; -- said
of certain words, as <i>man</i>, <i>mankind</i>, <i>manhood</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a similar sound, but different
orthography and different meaning; -- said of certain words, as
<i>al&?;</i> and <i>awl</i>; <i>hair</i> and <i>hare</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ron"y*my</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being paronymous; also, the use of paronymous words.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`o*&ouml;ph"o*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?; (see <u>Para-</u>) + &?; an egg + &?; to bear.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A small mass of tubules near the ovary in some
animals, and corresponding with the parepididymis of the
male.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"o*quet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>perroquet</i>, or Sp. <i>periquito</i>; both prob. orig. meaning,
little Peter. See <u>Parrot</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Parrakeet</u>.</def> [Written also <i>paroket</i>,
<i>parroquet</i>, and <i>perroquet</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Paroquet auk</b></col> or <col><b>auklet</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small auk (<i>Cyclorrhynchus
psittaculus</i>) inhabiting the coast and islands of Alaska. The upper
parts are dark slate, under parts white, bill orange red. Called also
<i>perroquet auk</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*ror"chis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Para-
</u>, and <u>Orchis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The part of the
epididymis; or the corresponding part of the excretory duct of the
testicle, which is derived from the Wolffian body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ros"te*al</hw> (?), <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to parostosis; as, <i>parosteal</i> ossification.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`os*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Para-</u>, and <u>Ostosis</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Ossification
which takes place in purely fibrous tracts; the formation of bone
outside of the periosteum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`os*tot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
parostosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Parotid</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>On the side of the auditory capsule; near the
external ear.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parotic region</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the space
around the ears.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rot"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>parotis</i>,
<i>-idis</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;; <grk>para`</grk> beside, near + &?;, &?;,
the ear: cf. F. <i>parotide</i>. ] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Situated near the ear; -- applied especially to the salivary
gland near the ear. </def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or in the region of, the parotid gland.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parotid gland</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the
salivary glands situated just in front of or below the ear. It is the
largest of the salivary glands in man, and its duct opens into the
interior of the mouth opposite the second molar of the upper
jaw.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pa*rot"id</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
parotid gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`o*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Parotid</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the parotid glands.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Epidemic</b></col>, or <col><b>Infectious</b></col>,
<col><b>parotitis</b></col>, <cd>mumps.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"o*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Parot</i>id +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling the parotid gland; --
applied especially to cutaneous glandular elevations above the ear in
many toads and frogs.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A parotoid
gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*rou"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.
See <u>Parusia</u>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The nativity of our
Lord.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The last day.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Par`o*va"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Para-</u>, and <u>Ovarium</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A group of
tubules, a remnant of the Wolffian body, often found near the ovary or
oviduct; the epo&ouml;phoron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ox*ysm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>paroxysme</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to sharpen, irritate; <grk>para`</grk> beside, beyond
+ &?; to sharpen, from &?; sharp.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The fit, attack, or exacerbation, of a disease that occurs at
intervals, or has decided remissions or intermissions.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any sudden and violent emotion; spasmodic
passion or action; a convulsion; a fit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The returning <i>paroxysms</i> of diffidence and
despair.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`ox*ys"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature
of a paroxysm; characterized or accompanied by paroxysms; as, a
<i>paroxysmal</i> pain; <i>paroxysmal</i> temper.</def> --
<wf>Par`ox*ys"mal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Par*ox"y*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> See <u>Para-</u>, and <u>Oxytone</u>.] <i>(Gr.
Gram.)</i> <def>A word having an acute accent on the penultimate
syllable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*quet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Parquetry</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A body of seats on the floor of a music
hall or theater nearest the orchestra; but commonly applied to the
whole lower floor of a theater, from the orchestra to the dress
circle; the pit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Parquetry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"quet*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Parquetry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"quet*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed in
parquetry; inlaid with wood in small and differently colored
figures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One room <i>parqueted</i> with yew, which I liked
well.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"quet*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>parqueterie</i>, fr. <i>parquet</i> inlaid flooring, fr.
<i>parquet</i>, dim. of <i>parc</i> an inclosure. See <u>Park</u>.]
<def>A species of joinery or cabinet-work consisting of an inlay of
geometric or other patterns, generally of different colors, -- used
especially for floors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*quette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Parquet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Parr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. &amp; Ir.
<i>bradan</i> a salmon.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A young salmon in the stage when it has dark transverse bands; --
called also <i>samlet</i>, <i>skegger</i>, and
<i>fingerling</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A young
leveret.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1045 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par"ra*keet`</hw> (?), <hw>Par"a*keet`</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Paroquet</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of small parrots having a graduated
tail, which is frequently very long; -- called also <i>paroquet</i>
and <i>paraquet</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many of the Asiatic and Australian species belong to the
genus <i>Paleornis</i>; others belong to <i>Polytelis</i>,
<i>Platycercus</i>, <i>Psephotus</i>, <i>Euphema</i>, and allied
genera. The American parrakeets mostly belong to the genus
<i>Conurus</i>, as the Carolina parrakeet (<i>C.
Carolinensis</i>).</p>

<p>{ <hw>Par"ral</hw> (?), <hw>Par"rel</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>appareil</i>. See <u>Apparel</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The rope
or collar by which a yard or spar is held to the mast in such a way
that it may be hoisted or lowered at pleasure.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A chimney-piece.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Par*ra"qua</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A curassow of the genus <i>Ortalida</i>, allied to the
guan.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par*rhe"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>para`</grk> beside, beyond + &?; a speaking.] <i>(Rhet.)</i>
<def>Boldness or freedom of speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ri*ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>parricidalis</i>, <i>parricidialis</i>. See <u>Parricide</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to parricide; guilty of parricide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ri*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>parricida</i>; <i>pater</i> father + <i>caedere</i> to kill. See
<u>Father</u>, <u>Homicide</u>, and cf. <u>Patricide</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Properly, one who murders one's own father;
in a wider sense, one who murders one's father or mother or any
ancestor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [L. <i>parricidium</i>.] <def>The act or crime
of murdering one's own father or any ancestor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`ri*cid"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Parricidal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par"rock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>pearruc</i>,
<i>pearroc</i>. See <u>Park</u>.] <def>A croft, or small field; a
paddock.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Par"rot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. F.
<i>Pierrot</i>, dim. of <i>Pierre</i> Peter. F. <i>pierrot</i> is also
the name of the sparrow.  Cf. <u>Paroquet</u>, <u>Petrel</u>,
<u>Petrify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>In a
general sense, any bird of the order <i>Psittaci</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
<i>Psittacus</i>, <i>Chrysotis</i>, <i>Pionus</i>, and other genera of
the family <i>Psittacid&aelig;</i>, as distinguished from the
parrakeets, macaws, and lories. They have a short rounded or even
tail, and often a naked space on the cheeks. The gray parrot, or jako
(<i>P. erithacus</i>) of Africa (see <u>Jako</u>), and the species of
Amazon, or green, parrots (<i>Chrysotis</i>) of America, are examples.
Many species, as cage birds, readily learn to imitate sounds, and to
repeat words and phrases.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carolina parrot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
Carolina parrakeet. See <u>Parrakeet</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Night
parrot</b></col>, or <col><b>Owl parrot</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Kakapo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Parrot coal</b></col>,
<cd>cannel coal; -- so called from the crackling and chattering sound
it makes in burning.</cd> [Eng. &amp; Scot.] -- <col><b>Parrot
green</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Scheele's green</i>, under
<u>Green</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Parrot
weed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a suffrutescent plant (<i>Bocconia
frutescens</i>) of the Poppy family, native of the warmer parts of
America. It has very large, sinuate, pinnatifid leaves, and small,
panicled, apetalous flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Parrot wrasse</b></col>,
<col><b>Parrot fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any fish of the
genus <i>Scarus</i>. One species (<i>S. Cretensis</i>), found in the
Mediterranean, is esteemed by epicures, and was highly prized by the
ancient Greeks and Romans.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"rot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To repeat by rote,
as a parrot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"rot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To chatter like a
parrot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"rot*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who simply
repeats what he has heard.</def> [R.]  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"rot*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Servile
imitation or repetition.</def> [R.] <i>Coleridge.</i> "The supine
<i>parrotry</i>." <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"rot's-bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
the resemblance of its curved superior petal to a parrot's bill.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The glory pea. See under <u>Glory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Parried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Parrying</u>.] [F. <i>par&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>parer</i>. See
<u>Pare</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ward off; to stop, or to turn aside; as,
to <i>parry</i> a thrust, a blow, or anything that means or threatens
harm.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Vice <i>parries</i> wide<BR>
The undreaded volley with a sword of straw.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To avoid; to shift or put off; to
evade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The French government has <i>parried</i> the payment of
our claims.</blockquote> <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ward off, evade,
or turn aside something, as a blow, argument, etc.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Parries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A warding off of a thrust or
blow, as in sword and bayonet exercises or in boxing; hence,
figuratively, a defensive movement in debate or other intellectual
encounter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Parse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Parsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Parsing</u>.] [L. <i>pars</i> a part; <i>pars orationis</i> a part
of speech. See <u>Part</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>To resolve into its elements, as a sentence, pointing out the
several parts of speech, and their relation to each other by
government or agreement; to analyze and describe
grammatically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him construe the letter into English, and
<i>parse</i> it over perfectly.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"see</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. &amp; Per.
<i>p&amacr;rs&imacr;</i> a Persian, a follower of Zoroaster, a fire
worshiper.  Cf. <u>Persian</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the adherents of the Zoroastrian or
ancient Persian religion, descended from Persian refugees settled in
India; a fire worshiper; a Gheber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Iranian dialect of much of the
religious literature of the Parsees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"see*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The religion
and customs of the Parsees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pars"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
parses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`si*mo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>parcimonieux</i>. See <u>Parsimony</u>.] <def>Exhibiting parsimony;
sparing in expenditure of money; frugal to excess; penurious;
niggardly; stingy.</def> -- <wf>Par`si*mo"ni*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Par`si*mo"ni*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>A prodigal king is nearer a tyrant than a
<i>parsimonious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Extraordinary funds for one campaign may spare us the
expense of many years; whereas a long, <i>parsimonious</i> war will
drain us of more men and money.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Covetous; niggardly; miserly; penurious; close;
saving; mean; stingy; frugal. See <u>Avaricious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Par"si*mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>parsimonia</i>, <i>parcimonia</i>; cf. <i>parcere</i> to spare,
<i>parsus</i> sparing: cf. F. <i>parcimonie</i>.] <def>Closeness or
sparingness in the expenditure of money; -- generally in a bad sense;
excessive frugality; niggardliness.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Awful <i>parsimony</i> presided generally at the
table.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Economy; frugality; illiberality; covetousness;
closeness; stinginess. See <u>Economy</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pars"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>persely</i>,
<i>persil</i>, F. <i>persil</i>, L. <i>petroselinum</i> rock parsley,
Gr. &?;; &?; stone + &?; parsley.  Cf. <u>Celery</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An aromatic umbelliferous herb (<i>Carum Petroselinum</i>),
having finely divided leaves which are used in cookery and as a
garnish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As she went to the garden for <i>parsley</i>, to stuff
a rabbit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fool's parsley</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fool</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Hedge parsley</b></col>, <col><b>Milk parsley</b></col>,
<col><b>Stone parsley</b></col>, <cd>names given to various weeds of
similar appearance to the parsley.</cd> -- <col><b>Parsley
fern</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small fern with leaves resembling
parsley (<i>Cryptogramme crispa</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Parsley
piert</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small herb (<i>Alchemilla
arvensis</i>) formerly used as a remedy for calculus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pars"nip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>parsnepe</i>,
from a French form, fr. L. <i>pastinaca</i>; cf. <i>pastinare</i> to
dig up, <i>pastinum</i> a kind of dibble; cf. OF. <i>pastenade</i>,
<i>pastenaque</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The aromatic and edible
spindle-shaped root of the cultivated form of the <i>Pastinaca
sativa</i>, a biennial umbelliferous plant which is very poisonous in
its wild state; also, the plant itself.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cow parsnip</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Cow parsnip</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Meadow parsnip</b></col>, <cd>the European cow parsnip.</cd> -
- <col><b>Poison parsnip</b></col>, <cd>the wild stock of the
parsnip.</cd> -- <col><b>Water parsnip</b></col>, <cd>any plant of the
umbelliferous genus <i>Sium</i>, the species of which are
poisonous.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>persone</i>
person, parson, OF. <i>persone</i>, F. <i>personne</i> person, LL.
<i>persona</i> (sc. <i>ecclesiae</i>), fr. L. <i>persona</i> a person.
See <u>Person</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Eccl. Law)</i> <def>A person who
represents a parish in its ecclesiastical and corporate capacities;
hence, the rector or incumbent of a parochial church, who has full
possession of all the rights thereof, with the cure of
souls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any clergyman having ecclesiastical
preferment; one who is in orders, or is licensed to preach; a
preacher.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hears the <i>parson</i> pray and
preach.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Parson bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a New
Zealand bird (<i>Prosthemadera Nov&aelig;seelandi&aelig;</i>)
remarkable for its powers of mimicry and its ability to articulate
words. Its color is glossy black, with a curious tuft of long, curly,
white feathers on each side of the throat. It is often kept as a cage
bird.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"son*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Eng. Eccl. Law)</i> <def>A certain portion of lands, tithes, and
offerings, for the maintenance of the parson of a parish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The glebe and house, or the house only,
owned by a parish or ecclesiastical society, and appropriated to the
maintenance or use of the incumbent or settled pastor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Money paid for the support of a
parson.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What have I been paying stipend and teind,
<i>parsonage</i> and vicarage, for?</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"soned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a
parson.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par*son"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Par*son"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a parson;
clerical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vainglory glowed in his <i>parsonic</i>
heart.</blockquote> <i>Colman.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Par*son"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Par"son*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Appropriate to,
or like, a parson; -- used in disparagement.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Part</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>part</i>, L.
<i>pars</i>, gen. <i>partis</i>; cf. <i>parere</i> to bring forth,
produce.  Cf. <u>Parent</u>, <u>Depart</u>, <u>Parcel</u>,
<u>Partner</u>, <u>Party</u>, <u>Portion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the portions, equal or unequal, into which anything is
divided, or regarded as divided; something less than a whole; a
number, quantity, mass, or the like, regarded as going to make up,
with others, a larger number, quantity, mass, etc., whether actually
separate or not; a piece; a fragment; a fraction; a division; a
member; a constituent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And kept back <i>part</i> of the price, . . . and
brought a certain <i>part</i> and laid it at the
apostles'feet.</blockquote> <i>Acts v. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our ideas of extension and number -- do they not
contain a secret relation of the <i>parts</i> ?</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a <i>part</i> of all that I have met.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence, specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
equal constituent portion; one of several or many like quantities,
numbers, etc., into which anything is divided, or of which it is
composed; proportional division or ingredient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An homer is the tenth <i>part</i> of an
ephah.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xvi. 36.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A thought which, quartered, hath but one <i>part</i>
wisdom,<BR>
And ever three <i>parts</i> coward.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A constituent portion of a living or
spiritual whole; a member; an organ; an essential element.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>parts</i> were formed . . . into one
harmonious body.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The pulse, the glow of every <i>part</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A constituent of character or capacity;
quality; faculty; talent; -- usually in the plural with a collective
sense.</def> "Men of considerable <i>parts</i>." <i>Burke.</i> "Great
quickness of <i>parts</i>." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which maintained so politic a state of evil, that they
will not admit any good <i>part</i> to intermingle with
them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Quarter; region; district; -- usually in
the plural.</def> "The uttermost <i>part</i> of the heaven."  <i>Neh.
i. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>parts</i> resound with tumults, plaints, and
fears.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Such portion of any
quantity, as when taken a certain number of times, will exactly make
that quantity; as, 3 is a <i>part</i> of 12; -- the opposite of
<i>multiple</i>. Also, a line or other element of a geometrical
figure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which belongs to one, or which is
assumed by one, or which falls to one, in a division or apportionment;
share; portion; lot; interest; concern; duty; office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have no <i>part</i> in David.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam.
xx. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Accuse not Nature! she hath done her <i>part</i>;<BR>
Do thou but thine.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me bear<BR>
My <i>part</i> of danger with an equal share.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> Hence, specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One of the opposing parties or sides in a conflict or a
controversy; a faction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For he that is not against us is on our
<i>part</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mark ix. 40.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Make whole kingdoms take her brother's
<i>part</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A particular character in a drama or a
play; an assumed personification; also, the language, actions, and
influence of a character or an actor in a play; or, figuratively, in
real life. See <i>To act a part</i>, under <u>Act</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>part</i><BR>
Was aptly fitted and naturally performed.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was a brute <i>part</i> of him to kill so capital a
calf.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Honor and shame from no condition rise;<BR>
Act well your <i>part</i>, there all the honor lies.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One of the different
melodies of a concerted composition, which heard in union compose its
harmony; also, the music for each voice or instrument; as, the treble,
tenor, or bass <i>part</i>; the violin <i>part</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>For my part</b></col>, <cd>so far as concerns me; for my
share.</cd> -- <col><b>For the most part</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Most</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>In good
part</b></col>, <cd>as well done; favorably; acceptably; in a friendly
manner.</cd> <i>Hooker.</i> -- <col><b>In ill part</b></col>,
<cd>unfavorably; with displeasure.</cd> -- <col><b>In part</b></col>,
<cd>in some degree; partly.</cd> -- <col><b>Part and parcel</b></col>,
<cd>an essential or constituent portion; -- a reduplicative phrase.
Cf. <i>might and main</i>, <i>kith and kin</i>, etc.</cd> "She was . .
. <i>part and parcel</i> of the race and place." <i>Howitt.</i> --
<col><b>Part of speech</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a sort or class
of words of a particular character; thus, the noun is a <i>part of
speech</i> denoting the name of a thing; the verb is a <i>part of
speech</i> which asserts something of the subject of a sentence.</cd>
-- <col><b>Part owner</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one of several
owners or tenants in common. See <i>Joint tenant</i>, under
<u>Joint</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Part singing</b></col>, <cd>singing in
which two or more of the harmonic parts are taken.</cd> --
<col><b>Part song</b></col>, <cd>a song in two or more (commonly four)
distinct vocal parts.</cd> "A <i>part song</i> differs from a madrigal
in its exclusion of contrapuntual devices; from a glee, in its being
sung by many voices, instead of by one only, to each part." <i>Stainer
& Barrett.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Portion; section; division; fraction; fragment;
piece; share; constituent. See <u>Portion</u>, and <u>Section</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Part</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Parted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Parting</u>.] [F. <i>partir</i>, L. <i>partire</i>, <i>partiri</i>,
p. p. <i>partitus</i>, fr. <i>pars</i>, gen. <i>partis</i>, a part.
See <u>Part</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide; to separate into distinct parts;
to break into two or more parts or pieces; to sever.</def> "Thou shalt
<i>part</i> it in pieces."  <i>Lev. ii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There, [celestial love] <i>parted</i> into rainbow
hues.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divide into shares; to divide and
distribute; to allot; to apportion; to share.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>part</i> his throne, and share his heaven with
thee.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>parted</i> my raiment among them.</blockquote>
<i>John xix. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To separate or disunite; to cause to go
apart; to remove from contact or contiguity; to sunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord do so to me, and more also, if aught but death
<i>part</i> thee and me.</blockquote> <i>Ruth i. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While he blessed them, he was <i>parted</i> from them,
and carried up into heaven.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxiv. 51.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The narrow seas that <i>part</i><BR>
The French and English.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To hold apart; to stand between; to
intervene betwixt, as combatants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stumbling night did <i>part</i> our weary
powers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To separate by a process of extraction,
elimination, or secretion; as, to <i>part</i> gold from
silver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The liver minds his own affair, . . .<BR>
And <i>parts</i> and strains the vital juices.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To leave; to quit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Since presently your souls must <i>part</i> your
bodies.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To part a cable</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to break
it.</cd> -- <col><b>To part company</b></col>, <cd>to separate, as
travelers or companions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Part</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be broken or divided into parts or pieces; to break; to become
separated; to go asunder; as, rope <i>parts</i>; his hair <i>parts</i>
in the middle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go away; to depart; to take leave; to
quit each other; hence, to die; -- often with <i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He wrung Bassanio's hand, and so they
<i>parted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He owned that he had <i>parted</i> from the duke only a
few hours before.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His precious bag, which he would by no means
<i>part</i> from.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To perform an act of parting; to relinquish
a connection of any kind; -- followed by <i>with</i> or
<i>from</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Celia, for thy sake, I <i>part</i><BR>
With all that grew so near my heart.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Powerful hands . . . will not <i>part</i><BR>
Easily from possession won with arms.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was strange to him that a father should feel no
tenderness at <i>parting</i> with an only son.</blockquote> <i>A.
Trollope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have a part or share; to partake.</def>
[Obs.] "They shall <i>part</i> alike."  <i>1 Sam. xxx. 24.</i></p>

<p><hw>Part</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Partly; in a
measure.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Part"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Partible</u>.</def>  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Part"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Part</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Division; the act of dividing or
sharing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Part; portion; share.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*take"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Partook</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Partaken</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Partaking</u>.] [<i>Part</i> + <i>take</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take a part, portion, lot, or share, in
common with others; to have a share or part; to participate; to share;
as, to <i>partake</i> of a feast with others.</def> "Brutes
<i>partake</i> in this faculty."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When I against myself with thee
<i>partake</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have something of the properties,
character, or office; -- usually followed by <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The attorney of the Duchy of Lancaster <i>partakes</i>
partly of a judge, and partly of an attorney-general.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1046 !></p>

<p><hw>Par*take"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To partake of; to have a part or share in; to share.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let every one <i>partake</i> the general
joy.</blockquote> <i>Driden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To admit to a share; to cause to
participate; to give a part to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To distribute; to communicate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who partakes; a sharer; a participator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Partakers</i> of their spiritual
things.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xv. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wish me <i>partaker</i> in my happiness.</blockquote>
<i>Shark.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An accomplice; an associate; a
partner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Partakers</i> wish them in the blood of the
prophets.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxiii. 30.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. &amp; Gael.
<i>partan</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An edible British crab.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Part"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Separated; devided.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Endowed with parts or abilities.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Cleft so that the divisions
reach nearly, but not quite, to the midrib, or the base of the blade;
-- said of a leaf, and used chiefly in composition; as, three-
<i>parted</i>, five-<i>parted</i>, etc.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Part"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or which,
parts or separates.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*terre"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>par</i>
on, by (L. <i>per</i>)+<i>terre</i> earth, ground, L. <i>terra</i>.
See <u>Terrace</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>An
ornamental and diversified arrangement of beds or plots, in which
flowers are cultivated, with intervening spaces of gravel or turf for
walking on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The pit of a theater; the parquet.</def>
[France]</p>

<p><hw>Par*the"ni*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Parthenic</u>.] <def>A poem in honor of a virgin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par*then"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a
maid, virgin.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Spartan Partheni&aelig;,
or sons of unmarried women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`the*no*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>parqe`nos</grk> a virgin + E. <i>genesis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The production of new individuals from virgin
females by means of ova which have the power of developing without the
intervention of the male element; the production, without
fertilization, of cells capable of germination. It is one of the
phenomena of alternate generation.  Cf. <u>Heterogamy</u>, and
<u>Metagenesis</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The production of seed
without fertilization, believed to occur through the nonsexual
formation of an embryo extraneous to the embrionic vesicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`the*no*ge*net"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or produced by, parthenogenesis; as,
<i>parthenogenetic</i> forms.</def> --
<wf>Par`the*no*ge*net"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Par`the*no*gen"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Parthenogenetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`the*nog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Parthenogenesis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"the*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>Parqenw`n</grk>, fr.<grk>parqe`nos</grk> a virgin, i. e., Athene,
the Greek goddess called also Pallas.] <def>A celebrated marble temple
of Athene, on the Acropolis at Athens. It was of the pure Doric order,
and has had an important influence on art.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par*then"o*pe</hw> (p&auml;r*th&ebreve;n"&osl;*p&emacr;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the name of a Siren, fr. Gr.
<grk>Parqeno`pn</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>One
of the Sirens, who threw herself into the sea, in despair at not being
able to beguile Ulysses by her songs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the asteroids between Mars and
Jupiter, discovered by M. de Gasparis in 1850.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"thi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to ancient Parthia, in Asia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native of Parthia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parthian arrow</b></col>, <cd>an arrow discharged at an
enemy when retreating from him, as was the custom of the ancient
Parthians; hence, a parting shot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>partials</i>, fr. L. <i>pars</i>, gen. <i>partis</i>, a part; cf.
(for sense 1) F. <i>partiel</i>. See <u>Part</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
affecting, a part only; not general or universal; not total or entire;
as, a <i>partial</i> eclipse of the moon.</def> "<i>Partial</i>
dissolutions of the earth."  <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to favor one party in a cause, or
one side of a question, more then the other; baised; not indifferent;
as, a judge should not be <i>partial</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye have been <i>partial</i> in the law.</blockquote>
<i>Mal. ii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having a predelection for; inclined to
favor unreasonably; foolishly fond.</def> "A <i>partial</i> parent."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>partial</i> to an ostentatious
display.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a subordinate
portion; as, a compound umbel is made up of a several <i>partial</i>
umbels; a leaflet is often supported by a <i>partial</i>
petiole.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Partial differentials</b></col>, <col><b>Partial
differential coefficients</b></col>, <col><b>Partial
differentiation</b></col>, <cd>etc. (of a function of two or more
variables), the differentials, differential coefficients,
differentiation etc., of the function, upon the hypothesis that some
of the variables are for the time constant.</cd> -- <col><b>Partial
fractions</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>fractions whose sum equals a
given fraction.</cd> -- <col><b>Partial tones</b></col>
<i>(Music)</i>, <cd>the simple tones which in combination form an
ordinary tone; the overtones, or harmonics, which, blending with a
fundamental tone, cause its special quality of sound, or
<i>timbre</i>, or tone color. See, also, <u>Tone</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"tial*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Partiality;
specifically <i>(Theol.)</i>, the doctrine of the
Partialists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"tial*ist</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is partial.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One who holds that the
atonement was made only for a part of mankind, that is, for the
elect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>partialit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
state of being partial; inclination to favor one party, or one side of
a question, more than the other; undue bias of mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A predilection or inclination to one thing
rather than to others; special taste or liking; as, a
<i>partiality</i> for poetry or painting.</def>  <i>Roget.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"tial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
make or be partial.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Par"tial*ly</hw> <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In part; not totally; as, <i>partially</i> true; the sun
<i>partially</i> eclipsed.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a partial manner; with undue bias of
mind; with unjust favor or dislike; as, to judge
<i>partially</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Part`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Partible</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being partible;
divisibility; separability; as, the <i>partibility</i> of an
inherttance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Part"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>partibilis</i>, fr. <i>partire</i> to part, divide, fr. L.
<i>pars</i>: cf. F. <i>partible</i>. See <u>Part</u>.] <def>Admitting
of being parted; divisible; separable; susceptible of severance or
partition; as, an estate of inheritance may be <i>partible</i>.</def>
"Make the molds <i>partible</i>."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"i*pa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being participated or shared.</def> [R.]  <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"i*pant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>participans</i>, p. pr. of <i>participare</i>: cf. F.
<i>participant</i>. See <u>Participate</u>.] <def>Sharing;
participating; having a share of part.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"i*pant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A participator;
a partaker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Participants</i> in their . . . mysterious
rites.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"i*pant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
participant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"i*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>participatus</i>, p. p. of <i>participare</i> to participate;
<i>pars</i>, <i>partis</i>, part + <i>capere</i> to take. See
<u>Part</u>, and <u>Capacious</u>.] <def>Acting in common;
participating.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"i*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Participated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Participating</u>.] <def>To have a share in common
with others; to take a part; to partake; -- followed by <i>in</i>,
formely by <i>of</i>; as, to <i>participate</i> in a debate.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So would he <i>participate</i>of their
wants.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mine may come when men<BR>
With angels may <i>participate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"i*pate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To partake of; to share in; to receive a part of.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fit to <i>participate</i> all rational
delight.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impart, or give, or share of.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic`i*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>participation</i>, L. <i>participatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or state of participating, or sharing in common with
others; as, a <i>participation</i> in joy or sorrows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These deities are so by
<i>participation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What an honor, that God should admit us into such a
blessed <i>participation</i> of himself!</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Distribution; division into shares.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>community; fellowship; association.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"i*pa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>participatif</i>.] <def>Capable of participating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"i*pa`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who participates, or shares with another; a partaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`ti*cip"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>participialis</i>: cf. E. <i>participal</i>. See
<u>Participle</u>.] <def>Having, or partaking of, the nature and use
of a participle; formed from a participle; as, a <i>participial</i>
noun.</def>  <i>Lowth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`ti*cip"i*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A participial
word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`ti*cip"i*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Participialized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Participializing</u>.] <def>To form into, or
put in the form of, a participle.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Par`ti*cip"i*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
sense or manner of a participle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ti*ci*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>participe</i>, L. <i>participium</i>, fr. <i>particeps</i> sharing,
participant; <i>pars</i>, gen. partis, a part + <i>capere</i> to take.
See <u>Participate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A part
of speech partaking of the nature both verb and adjective; a form of a
verb, or verbal adjective, modifying a noun, but taking the adjuncts
of the verb from which it is derived. In the sentences: a letter is
<i>written</i>; <i>being</i> asleep he did not hear; <i>exhausted</i>
by toil he will sleep soundly, -- <i>written</i>, <i>being</i>, and
<i>exhausted</i>are <i>participles</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By a <i>participle</i>, [I understand] a verb in an
adjectival aspect.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Present participles</i>, called also <i>imperfect</i>, or
<i>incomplete</i>, <i>participles</i>, end in <i>-ing</i>. <i>Past
participles</i>, called also <i>perfect</i>, or <i>complete</i>,
<i>participles</i>, for the most part end in <i>-ed</i>, <i>-d</i>,
<i>-t</i>, <i>-en</i>, or <i>-n</i>. A participle when used merely as
an attribute of a noun, without reference to time, is called an
<i>adjective</i>, or a <i>participial adjective</i>; as, a
<i>written</i> constitution; a <i>rolling</i> stone; the
<i>exhausted</i> army. The verbal noun in <i>-ing</i> has the form of
the present participle. See <i>Verbal noun</i>, under <u>Verbal</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that partakes of the nature of
different things.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>participles</i> or confines between plants and
living creatures.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"ti*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>particula</i>,
dim of <i>pars</i>, gen <i>partis</i>, a part: cf. F.
<i>particule</i>. See <u>Part</u>, and cf. <u>Parcel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A minute part or portion of matter; a morsel;
a little bit; an atom; a jot; as, a <i>particle</i> of sand, of wood,
of dust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The small size of atoms which unite<BR>
To make the smallest <i>particle</i> of light.</blockquote>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any very small portion or part; the
smallest portion; as, he has not a <i>particle</i> of patriotism or
virtue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The houses had not given their commissioners authority
in the least <i>particle</i> to recede.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
crumb or little piece of concecrated host.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The smaller hosts distributed in the communion of the
laity.</def>  <i>Bp. Fitzpatrick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A subordinate word that is
never inflected (a preposition, conjunction, interjection); or a word
that can not be used except in compositions; as, <i>ward</i> in
back<i>ward</i>, <i>ly</i> in love<i>ly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ti*col`ored</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Party-colored</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>particuler</i>, F. <i>particulier</i>, L. <i>particularis</i>. See
<u>Particle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to a part or
portion of anything; concerning a part separated from the whole or
from others of the class; separate; sole; single; individual;
specific; as, the <i>particular</i> stars of a constellation.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[/Make] each <i>particular</i> hair to stand an
end,<BR>
Like quills upon the fretful porpentine.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Seken in every halk and every herne<BR>
<i>Particular</i> sciences for to lerne.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a single person, class,
or thing; belonging to one only; not general; not common; hence,
personal; peculiar; singular.</def> "Thine own <i>particular</i>
wrongs."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wheresoever one plant draweth such a <i>particular</i>
juice out of the earth.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Separate or distinct by reason of
superiority; distinguished; important; noteworthy; unusual; special;
as, he brought no <i>particular</i> news; she was the
<i>particular</i> belle of the party.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Concerned with, or attentive to, details;
minute; circumstantial; precise; as, a full and <i>particular</i>
account of an accident; hence, nice; fastidious; as, a man
<i>particular</i> in his dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Containing
a part only; limited; as, a <i>particular</i> estate, or one precedent
to an estate in remainder.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Holding a
particular estate; as, a <i>particular</i> tenant.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Forming a part of a genus;
relatively limited in extension; affirmed or denied of a part of a
subject; as, a <i>particular</i> proposition; -- opposed to
<i>universal</i>: e. g. (<i>particular</i> affirmative) Some men are
wise; (<i>particular</i> negative) Some men are not wise.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Particular average</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Average</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Particular Baptist</b></col>, <cd>one
of a branch of the Baptist denomination the members of which hold the
doctrine of a particular or individual election and reprobation.</cd>
-- <col><b>Particular lien</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a lien, or a
right to retain a thing, for some charge or claim growing out of, or
connected with, that particular thing.</cd> -- <col><b>Particular
redemption</b></col>, <cd>the doctrine that the purpose, act, and
provisions of redemption are restricted to a limited number of the
human race. See <u>Calvinism</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Minute; individual; respective; appropriate;
peculiar; especial; exact; specific; precise; critical;
circumstantial. See <u>Minute</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A separate or distinct member of a class, or part of a whole; an
individual fact, point, circumstance, detail, or item, which may be
considered separately; as, the <i>particulars</i> of a
story.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Particulars</i> which it is not lawful for me to
reveal.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the greatest interest of <i>particulars</i> to
advance the good of the community.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Special or personal peculiarity, trait, or
character; individuality; interest, etc.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For his <i>particular</i> I'll receive him
gladly.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If the <i>particulars</i> of each person be
considered.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Temporal blessings, whether such as concern the public
. . . or such as concern our <i>particular</i>.</blockquote> <i>Whole
Duty of Man.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One of the details or items of
grounds of claim; -- usually in the <i>pl</i>.; also, a bill of
particulars; a minute account; as, a <i>particular</i> of
premises.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reader has a <i>particular</i> of the books wherein
this law was written.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of particulars</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bill</u>. -
- <col><b>In particular</b></col>, specially; peculiarly.</cd> "This,
<i>in particular</i>, happens to the lungs." <i>Blackmore.</i> --
<col><b>To go into particulars</b></col>, <cd>to relate or describe in
detail or minutely.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"u*lar*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>particularisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A minute description;
a detailed statement.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine of particular
election.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(German Politics)</i> <def>Devotion to the
interests of one's own kingdom or province rather than to those of the
empire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"u*lar*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>particulariste</i>.] <def>One who holds to particularism.</def> --
<wf>Par*tic`u*lar*is"tic</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic`u*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Particularities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>particularit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or
quality of being particular; distinctiveness; circumstantiality;
minuteness in detail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is particular</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Peculiar quality; individual characteristic;
peculiarity.</def> "An old heathen altar with this
<i>particularity</i>." <i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Special circumstance; minute detail; particular.</def> "Even
descending to <i>particularities</i>." <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Something of special or private concern or
interest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the general trumpet blow his blast,<BR>
<i>Particularities</i> and petty sounds<BR>
To cease!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic`u*lar*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of particularizing.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"u*lar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Particularized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Particularizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>particulariser</i>.] <def>To give as a particular, or as the
particulars; to mention particularly; to give the particulars of; to
enumerate or specify in detail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He not only boasts of his parentage as an Israelite,
but <i>particularizes</i> his descent from Benjamin.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"u*lar*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To mention
or attend to particulars; to give minute details; to be
circumstantial; as, to <i>particularize</i> in a narrative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"u*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a particular manner; expressly; with a
specific reference or interest; in particular; distinctly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In an especial manner; in a high degree;
as, a <i>particularly</i> fortunate man; a <i>particularly</i> bad
failure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The exact propriety of Virgil I <i>particularly</i>
regarded as a great part of his character.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"u*lar*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
particular; a detail.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Particle</u>.] <def>To particularize.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of a particle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Referring to, or produced by, particles,
such as dust, minute germs, etc.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The smallpox is a <i>particulate</i>
disease.</blockquote> <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Part</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving to part;
dividing; separating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given when departing; as, a <i>parting</i>
shot; a <i>parting</i> salute.</def> "Give him that <i>parting</i>
kiss."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Departing.</def> "Speed the <i>parting</i>
guest."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Admitting of being parted;
partible.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parting fellow</b></col>, <cd>a partner.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Parting pulley</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Pulley</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Parting sand</b></col>
<i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>dry, nonadhesive sand, sprinkled upon the
partings of a mold to facilitate the separation.</cd> --
<col><b>Parting strip</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>in a sash window,
one of the thin strips of wood let into the pulley stile to keep the
sashes apart; also, the thin piece inserted in the window box to
separate the weights.</cd> -- <col><b>Parting tool</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a thin tool, used in turning or planing, for
cutting a piece in two.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1047 !></p>

<p><hw>Par"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of parting or dividing; the state of being parted;
division; separation.</def> "The <i>parting</i> of the way."  <i>Ezek.
xxi. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A separation; a leave-taking.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And there were sudden <i>partings</i>, such as
press<BR>
The life from out young hearts.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A surface or line of separation where a
division occurs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>The surface of the sand
of one section of a mold where it meets that of another
section.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The separation and
determination of alloys; esp., the separation, as by acids, of gold
from silver in the assay button.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A joint or fissure, as in a
coal seam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The breaking, as of a cable,
by violence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Lamellar separation in a
crystallized mineral, due to some other cause than cleavage, as to the
presence of twinning lamell&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ti*san</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>partigiano</i>. See <u>Party</u>, and cf. <u>Partisan</u> a
truncheon.] [Written also <i>partizan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
adherent to a party or faction; esp., one who is strongly and
passionately devoted to a party or an interest.</def> "The violence of
a <i>partisan</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Both sides had their <i>partisans</i> in the
colony.</blockquote> <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
commander of a body of detached light troops engaged in making forays
and harassing an enemy.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any member of
such a corps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ti*san</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>partizan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Adherent to a party or
faction; especially, having the character of blind, passionate, or
unreasonable adherence to a party; as, blinded by <i>partisan</i>
zeal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Serving as a partisan in a
detached command; as, a <i>partisan</i> officer or corps.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Partisan ranger</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a member of a
partisan corps.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"ti*san</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pertuisane</i>,
prob. fr. It. <i>partigiana</i>, influenced in French by OF.
<i>pertuisier</i> to pierce. It was prob. so named as the weapon of
some <i>partisans</i>, or party men.  Cf. <u>Partisan</u> one of a
corps of light troops.] <def>A kind of halberd or pike; also, a
truncheon; a staff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And make him with our pikes and <i>partisans</i> a
grave.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"ti*san*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a partisan, or adherent to a party; feelings or conduct
appropriate to a partisan.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par*ti"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A suite; a set of variations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>partitus</i>, p.
p. of <i>partire</i> to part, divide, from <i>pars</i>. See
<u>Part</u>, and cf. <u>Party</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Divided nearly to the base; as, a <i>partite</i> leaf is a simple
separated down nearly to the base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>partition</i>, L. <i>partitio</i>. See <u>Part</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of parting or
dividing; the state of being parted; separation; division;
distribution; as, the <i>partition</i> of a kingdom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And good from bad find no
<i>partition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which divides or separates; that by
which different things, or distinct parts of the same thing, are
separated; separating boundary; dividing line or space; specifically,
an interior wall dividing one part or apartment of a house, an
inclosure, or the like, from another; as, a brick <i>partition</i>;
lath and plaster <i>partitions</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No sight could pass<BR>
Betwixt the nice <i>partitions</i> of the grass.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A part divided off by walls; an apartment;
a compartment.</def> [R.] "Lodged in a small <i>partition</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law.)</i> <def>The servance of common or
undivided interests, particularly in real estate. It may be effected
by consent of parties, or by compulsion of law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A score.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Partition of numbers</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the
resolution of integers into parts subject to given conditions.</cd>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Partitioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Partitioning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide
into parts or shares; to divide and distribute; as, to
<i>partition</i> an estate among various heirs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divide into distinct parts by lines,
walls, etc.; as, to <i>partition</i> a house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Uniform without, though severally <i>partitioned</i>
within.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*ti"tion*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
partitioning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ti*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>partitif</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Denoting a part; as, a
<i>partitive</i> genitive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ti*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A
word expressing partition, or denoting a part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"ti*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a partitive
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Part"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>part</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A covering for the neck, and sometimes for the
shoulders and breast; originally worn by both sexes, but laterby women
alone; a ruff.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hen; -- so called from the ruffing of her
neck feathers.</def> "Dame <i>Partlett</i>, the hen."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Part"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In part; in some
measure of degree; not wholly.</def> "I <i>partly</i> believe it."
<i>1 Cor. xi. 18.</i></p>

<p><hw>Part"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>parcener</i>,
influenced by <i>part</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who has a part
in anything with an other; a partaker; an associate; a sharer.
"<i>Partner</i> of his fortune." <i>Shak.</i> Hence:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A husband or a wife. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Either
one of a couple who dance together. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> One who shares
as a member of a partnership in the management, or in the gains and
losses, of a business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My other self, the <i>partner</i> of my
life.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An associate in any business
or occupation; a member of a partnership. See
<u>Partnership</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A framework of
heavy timber surrounding an opening in a deck, to strengthen it for
the support of a mast, pump, capstan, or the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dormant</b></col>, or <col><b>Silent</b></col>,
<col><b>partner</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Dormant</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Associate; colleague; coadjutor; confederate;
partaker; participator; companion; comrade; mate.</p>

<p><hw>Part"ner</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To associate, to
join.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Part"ner*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or condition of being a partner; as, to be in
<i>partnership</i> with another; to have <i>partnership</i> in the
fortunes of a family or a state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A division or sharing among partners; joint
possession or interest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rome, that ne'er knew three lordly heads before,<BR>
First fell by fatal <i>partnership</i> of power.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He does possession keep,<BR>
And is too wise to hazard <i>partnership</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An alliance or association of persons for
the prosecution of an undertaking or a business on joint account; a
company; a firm; a house; as, to form a <i>partnership</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A contract between two or more
competent persons for joining together their money, goods, labor, and
skill, or any or all of them, under an understanding that there shall
be a communion of profit between them, and for the purpose of carrying
on a legal trade, business, or adventure.</def>  <i>Kent.
Story.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Community of profit is absolutely essential to, though not
necessary the test of, a partnership.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>See <u>Fellowship</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Limited partnership</b></col>, <cd>a form of partnership in
which the firm consists of one or more general partners, jointly and
severally responsible as ordinary partners, and one or more special
partners, who are not liable for the debts of the partnership beyond
the amount of cash they contribute as capital.</cd> --
<col><b>Partnership in commendam</b></col>, <cd>the title given to the
limited partnership (F. <i>soci&eacute;t&eacute; en
commandit&eacute;</i>) of the French law, introduced into the code of
Louisiana.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Silent
partnership</b></col>, <cd>the relation of partnership sustained by a
person who furnishes capital only.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par*took"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Partake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"tridge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>partriche</i>, <i>pertriche</i>, OF. <i>pertris</i>,
<i>perdriz</i>, F. <i>perdrix</i>, L. <i>perdix</i>, <i>-icis</i>, fr.
Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any one of
numerous species of small gallinaceous birds of the genus
<i>Perdix</i> and several related genera of the family
<i>Perdicid&aelig;</i>, of the Old World. The partridge is noted as a
game bird.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full many a fat <i>partrich</i> had he in
mew.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The common European, or gray, partridge (<i>Perdix
cinerea</i>) and the red-legged partridge (<i>Caccabis rubra</i>) of
Southern Europe and Asia are well-known species.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any one of several species of quail-like
birds belonging to <i>Colinus</i>, and allied genera.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p>&fist; Among them are the bobwhite (<i>Colinus Virginianus</i>) of
the Eastern States; the plumed, or mountain, partridge (<i>Oreortyx
pictus</i>) of California; the Massena partridge (<i>Cyrtonyx
Montezum&aelig;</i>); and the California partridge (<i>Callipepla
Californica</i>).</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The ruffed grouse (<i>Bonasa
umbellus</i>).</def> [New Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bamboo partridge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
spurred partridge of the genus <i>Bambusicola</i>. Several species are
found in China and the East Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Night
partridge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the woodcock.</cd>
[Local, U.S.] -- <col><b>Painted partridge</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a francolin of South Africa (<i>Francolinus
pictus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Partridge berry</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The scarlet berry of a trailing american plant
(<i>Mitchella repens</i>) of the order <i>Rubiace&aelig;</i>, having
roundish evergreen leaves, and white fragrant flowers sometimes tinged
with purple, growing in pairs with the ovaries united, and producing
the berries which remain over winter; also, the plant itself</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The fruit of the creeping wintergreen
(<i>Gaultheria procumbens</i>); also, the plant itself.</cd> --
<col><b>Partridge dove</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Mountain witch</i>, under <u>Mountain</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Partridge pea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a yellow-flowered
leguminous herb (<i>Cassia Cham&aelig;crista</i>), common in sandy
fields in the Eastern United States.</cd> -- <col><b>Partridge
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large marine univalve shell
(<i>Dolium perdix</i>), having colors variegated like those of the
partridge.</cd> -- <col><b>Partridge wood</b></col>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A variegated wood, much esteemed for
cabinetwork. It is obtained from tropical America, and one source of
it is said to be the leguminous tree <i>Andira inermis</i>.</cd>
Called also <i>pheasant wood</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A name
sometimes given to the dark-colored and striated wood of some kind of
palm, which is used for walking sticks and umbrella handles.</cd> --
<col><b>Sea partridge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Asiatic
sand partridge (<i>Ammoperdix Bonhami</i>); -- so called from its
note.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow partridge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a large spurred partridge (<i>Lerwa nivicola</i>) which inhabits
the high mountains of Asia.</cd> -- <col><b>Spruce
partridge</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Spruce</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
partridge</b></col>, or <col><b>Hill partridge</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any small Asiatic partridge of the genus
<i>Arboricola</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Departure.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tu"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Parturient</u>.] <def>To bring forth young.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par*tu"ri*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Parturition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*tu"ri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>parturiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>parturire</i> to desire to bring
forth, fr. <i>parere</i>, <i>partum</i>, to bring forth. See
<u>Parent</u>.] <def>Bringing forth, or about to bring forth, young;
fruitful.</def>  <i>Jer. Tailor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tu`ri*fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>parturire</i> to desire to bring forth + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine tending to cause parturition, or to give
relief in childbearing.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par*tu"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Parturient.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par`tu*ri"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>parturitio</i>, fr. <i>parturire</i>: cf. F. <i>parturition</i>.
See <u>Parturient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of bringing
forth, or being delivered of, young; the act of giving birth;
delivery; childbirth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is brought forth; a birth.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Par*tu"ri*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to parturition; obstetric.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Par"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Parties</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>parti</i> and <i>partie</i>, fr.
F. <i>partir</i> to part, divide, L. <i>partire</i>, <i>partiri</i>.
See <u>Part</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A part
or portion.</def> [Obs.] "The most <i>party</i> of the time."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A number of persons united in opinion or
action, as distinguished from, or opposed to, the rest of a community
or association; esp., one of the parts into which a people is divided
on questions of public policy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Win the noble Brutus to our <i>party</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The peace both <i>parties</i> want is like to
last.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A part of a larger body of company; a
detachment; especially <i>(Mil.)</i>, a small body of troops
dispatched on special service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A number of persons invited to a social
entertainment; a select company; as, a dinner <i>party</i>; also, the
entertainment itself; as, to give a <i>party</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One concerned or interested in an affair;
one who takes part with others; a participator; as, he was a
<i>party</i> to the plot; a <i>party</i> to the contract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The plaintiff or the defendant in a
lawsuit, whether an individual, a firm, or corporation; a
litigant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cause of both <i>parties</i> shall come before the
judges.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any certain person who is regarded
as being opposed or antagonistic to another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It the jury found that the <i>party</i> slain was of
English race, it had been adjudged felony.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Cause; side; interest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have you nothing said<BR>
Upon this <i>Party</i> 'gainst the Duke of Albany?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A person; as, he is a queer
<i>party</i>.</def> [Now accounted a vulgarism.]</p>

<p>
"For several generations, our ancestors largely employed <i>party</i>
for <i>person</i>; but this use of the word, when it appeared to be
reviving, happened to strike, more particularly, the fancy of the
vulgar; and the consequence has been, that the polite have chosen to
leave it in their undisputed possession."
<i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Party jury</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a jury composed of
different parties, as one which is half natives and half
foreigners.</cd> -- <col><b>Party man</b></col>, <cd>a partisan.</cd>
<i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Party spirit</b></col>, <cd>a factious and
unreasonable temper, not uncommonly shown by party men.</cd>
<i>Whately.</i> -- <col><b>Party verdict</b></col>, <cd>a joint
verdict.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Party wall</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>A wall built upon the dividing
line between two adjoining properties, usually having half its
thickness on each property</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i>
<cd>A wall that separates adjoining houses, as in a block or
row.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"ty</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>parti</i> divided, fr.
<i>partir</i> to divide. See <u>Part</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Partite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Parted or
divided, as in the direction or form of one of the ordinaries; as, an
escutcheon <i>party</i> per pale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Partial; favoring one party.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will be true judge, and not
<i>party</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Charter party</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Charter</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Par"ty</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Partly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"ty-coat`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
motley coat, or coat of divers colors.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par"ty-col`ored</hw>, <hw>Par"ti-col`ored</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Colored with different tints; variegated;
as, a <i>party-colored</i> flower.</def> "<i>Parti-colored</i> lambs."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"ty*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Devotion to
party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`um*bil"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>para-
</i> + <i>umbilical</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Near the umbilicus; --
applied especially to one or more small veins which, in man, connect
the portal vein with the epigastric veins in the front wall of the
abdomen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*ru"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
presence, fr. &?; to be present; <grk>para`</grk> beside + &?; to be.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure of speech by which the present tense is
used instead of the past or the future, as in the animated narration
of past, or in the prediction of future, events.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`va*nim"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>parvus</i> little + <i>animus</i> mind.] <def>The state or quality
of having a little or ignoble mind; pettiness; meanness; -- opposed to
<i>magnanimity</i>.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"ve*nu`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop. p. p. of
<i>parvenir</i> to attain to, to succeed, to rise to high station, L.
<i>pervenire</i> to come to; <i>per</i> through + <i>venire</i> to
come. See <u>Par</u>, prep., and <u>Come</u>.] <def>An upstart; a man
newly risen into notice.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par"vis</hw>, <hw>Par"vise</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>parvis</i>, fr. LL. <i>paravisus</i>, fr. L. <i>paradisus</i>.
See <u>Paradise</u>.] <def>a court of entrance to, or an inclosed
space before, a church; hence, a church porch; -- sometimes formerly
used as place of meeting, as for lawyers.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par"vi*tude</hw> (?), <hw>Par"vi*ty</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>parvitas</i>, fr. <i>parvus</i> little:
cf. OF. <i>parvit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Littleness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Glanvill. Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Par"vo*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A nonoxygenous ptomaine, formed in the putrefaction of
albuminous matters, especially of horseflesh and mackerel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"vo*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A liquid base, C&?;H&?;N, of the pyridine group, found in coal
tar; also, any one of the series of isometric substances of which it
is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Pace</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pace; a step, as in a dance.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Right of going foremost; precedence.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"san</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The gemsbok.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pasch</hw> (?), <hw>||Pas"cha</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>pascha</i>, L. <i>pascha</i>, Gr. &?;,
fr. Heb. <i>pesach</i>, fr. <i>p&amacr;sach</i> to pass over: cf. OF.
<i>pasque</i>, F. <i>p&acirc;que</i>.  Cf. <u>Paschal</u>,
<u>Paas</u>, <u>Paque</u>.] <def>The passover; the feast of
Easter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pasch egg</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Easter egg</i>, under
<u>Easter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pasch flower</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Pasque flower</i>, under <u>Pasque</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pas"chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>paschalis</i>:
cf. F. <i>pascal</i>. See <u>Pasch</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
passover, or to Easter; as, a <i>paschal</i> lamb; <i>paschal</i>
eggs.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Paschal candle</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>a large
wax candle, blessed and placed on the altar on Holy Saturday, or the
day before Easter.</cd> -- <col><b>Paschal flower</b></col>. See
<i>Pasque flower</i>, under <u>Pasque</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1048 !></p>

<p><hw>Pa*seng"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The wild or bezoar goat. See <u>Goat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pash</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Prob. of imitative
origin, or possibly akin to <i>box</i> to fight with the fists.]
<def>To strike; to crush; to smash; to dash in pieces.</def> [Obs.]
<i>P. Plowman.</i> "I'll <i>pash</i> him o'er the face."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot., the pate.  Cf.
<u>Pash</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
head; the poll.</def> [R.] "A rough <i>pash</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A crushing blow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A heavy fall of rain or snow.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*sha"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>p&amacr;sh&amacr;</i>, <i>b&amacr;sh&amacr;</i>; cf. Per.
<i>b&amacr;sh&amacr;</i>, <i>b&amacr;dsh&amacr;h</i>; perh. a
corruption of Per. <i>p&amacr;dish&amacr;h</i>.  Cf. <u>Bashaw</u>,
<u>Padishah</u>, <u>Shah</u>.] <def>An honorary title given to
officers of high rank in Turkey, as to governers of provinces,
military commanders, etc. The earlier form was <i>bashaw</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>pacha</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; There are three classes of pashas, whose rank is
distinguished by the number of the horsetails borne on their
standards, being one, two, or three, a <i>pasha</i> of three tails
being the highest.</p>

<p><hw>Pa*sha"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>pachalic</i>.] [Turk.] <def>The jurisdiction of a pasha.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*shaw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pasha</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pas`i*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pas`i*graph"ic*al</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to pasigraphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*sig"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; for all
(dat. pl. of &?; all) + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A system of universal
writing, or a manner of writing that may be understood and used by all
nations.</def>  <i>Good.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"i*la`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; for all
(dat. pl. of &?; all) + &?; talking.] <def>A form of speech adapted to
be used by all mankind; universal language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pask</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pasque</u>.]
<def>See <u>Pasch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>passe-pied</i>.]
<def>A kind of minuet, in triple time, of French origin, popular in
the reign of Queen Elizabeth and for some time after; -- called also
<i>passing measure</i>, and <i>passymeasure</i>.</def>  <i>Percy
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pasque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pasque</i>.]
<def>See <u>Pasch</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pasque flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of
several plants of the genus <i>Anemone</i>, section <i>Pulsatilla</i>.
They are perennial herbs with rather large purplish blossoms, which
appear in early spring, or about Easter, whence the common name.
Called also <i>campana</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pas"quil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>pasquillo</i>.]
<def>See <u>Pasquin</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pas"quil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [R.] <def>See
<u>Pasquin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"quil*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lampooner; a
pasquiler.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"quil*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
lampooner.</def> [R.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"quin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>pasquino</i> a
mutilated statue at Rome, set up against the wall of the place of the
Orsini; -- so called from a witty cobbler or tailor, near whose shop
the statue was dug up. On this statue it was customary to paste
satiric papers.] <def>A lampooner; also, a lampoon. See
<u>Pasquinade</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Grecian wits, who satire first began,<BR>
Were pleasant <i>pasquins</i> on the life of man.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"quin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lampoon; to
satiraze.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To see himself <i>pasquined</i> and
affronted.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas`quin*ade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pasquinade</i>, It. <i>pasquinata</i>.] <def>A lampoon or satirical
writing.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas`quin*ade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lampoon, to
satirize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pass</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Passed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Passing</u>.] [F. <i>passer</i>, LL. <i>passare</i>, fr. L.
<i>passus</i> step, or from <i>pandere</i>, <i>passum</i>, to spread
out, lay open. See <u>Pace</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go; to
move; to proceed; to be moved or transferred from one point to
another; to make a transit; -- usually with a following adverb or
adverbal phrase defining the kind or manner of motion; as, to
<i>pass</i> on, by, out, in, etc.; to <i>pass</i> swiftly, directly,
smoothly, etc.; to <i>pass</i> to the rear, under the yoke, over the
bridge, across the field, beyond the border, etc.</def>  "But now
<i>pass</i> over [i. e., <i>pass</i> on]."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On high behests his angels to and fro<BR>
<i>Passed</i> frequent.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet sounds rose slowly through their mouths,<BR>
And from their bodies <i>passed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move or be transferred from one state or
condition to another; to change possession, condition, or
circumstances; to undergo transition; as, the business has
<i>passed</i> into other hands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others, dissatisfied with what they have, . . .
<i>pass</i> from just to unjust.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move beyond the range of the senses or
of knowledge; to pass away; hence, to disappear; to vanish; to depart;
specifically, to depart from life; to die.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disturb him not, let him <i>pass</i>
paceably.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Beauty is a charm, but soon the charm will
<i>pass</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>passing</i> of the sweetest soul<BR>
That ever looked with human eyes.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move or to come into being or under
notice; to come and go in consciousness; hence, to take place; to
occur; to happen; to come; to occur progressively or in succession; to
be present transitorily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So death <i>passed</i> upon all men.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. v. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our own consciousness of what <i>passes</i> within our
own mind.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To go by or glide by, as time; to elapse;
to be spent; as, their vacation <i>passed</i> pleasantly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now the time is far <i>passed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mark
vi. 35</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To go from one person to another; hence, to
be given and taken freely; as, clipped coin will not <i>pass</i>; to
obtain general acceptance; to be held or regarded; to circulate; to be
current; -- followed by <i>for</i> before a word denoting value or
estimation.</def> "Let him <i>pass</i> for a man."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>False eloquence <i>passeth</i> only where true is not
understood.</blockquote> <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This will not <i>pass</i> for a fault in
him.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To advance through all the steps or stages
necessary to validity or effectiveness; to be carried through a body
that has power to sanction or reject; to receive legislative sanction;
to be enacted; as, the resolution <i>passed</i>; the bill
<i>passed</i> both houses of Congress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To go through any inspection or test
successfully; to be approved or accepted; as, he attempted the
examination, but did not expect to <i>pass</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To be suffered to go on; to be tolerated;
hence, to continue; to live along.</def> "The play may <i>pass</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To go unheeded or neglected; to proceed
without hindrance or opposition; as, we let this act
<i>pass</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To go beyond bounds; to surpass; to be in
excess.</def> [Obs.] "This <i>passes</i>, Master Ford."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To take heed; to care.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As for these silken-coated slaves, I <i>pass</i>
not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To go through the intestines.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To be conveyed or transferred
by will, deed, or other instrument of conveyance; as, an estate
<i>passes</i> by a certain clause in a deed.</def>  <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Fencing)</i> <def>To make a lunge or pass;
to thrust.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing &amp; other games)</i> <def>To
decline to take an optional action when it is one's turn, as to
decline to bid, or to bet, or to play a card; in euchre, to decline to
make the trump.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She would not play, yet must not
<i>pass</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>In football, hockey, etc., to make a pass;
to transfer the ball, etc., to another player of one's own
side.</def><BR>
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]</p>

<p><col><b>To bring to pass</b></col>, <col><b>To come to
pass</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bring</u>, and <u>Come</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To pass away</b></col>, <cd>to disappear; to die; to
vanish.</cd> "The heavens shall <i>pass away</i>." <i>2 Pet. iii.
10.</i> "I thought to <i>pass away</i> before, but yet alive I am."
<i>Tennyson.</i> -- <col><b>To pass by</b></col>, <cd>to go near and
beyond a certain person or place; as, he <i>passed by</i> as we stood
there.</cd> -- <col><b>To pass into</b></col>, <cd>to change by a
gradual transmission; to blend or unite with.</cd> -- <col><b>To pass
on</b></col>, <cd>to proceed.</cd> -- <col><b>To pass on</b></col> or
<col><b>upon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To happen to; to come
upon; to affect</cd>. "So death <i>passed upon</i> all men." <i>Rom.
v. 12.</i> "Provided no indirect act <i>pass upon</i> our prayers to
define them." <i>Jer. Taylor.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To determine
concerning; to give judgment or sentence upon.</cd> "We may not
<i>pass upon</i> his life." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To pass
off</b></col>, <cd>to go away; to cease; to disappear; as, an
agitation <i>passes off</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To pass over</b></col>,
<cd>to go from one side or end to the other; to cross, as a river,
road, or bridge.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pass</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> In
simple, transitive senses; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To go by,
beyond, over, through, or the like; to proceed from one side to the
other of; as, to <i>pass</i> a house, a stream, a boundary, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Hence: <def>To go from one limit to the other of;
to spend; to live through; to have experience of; to undergo; to
suffer.</def> "To <i>pass</i> commodiously this life."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She loved me for the dangers I had
<i>passed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To go by without noticing; to omit
attention to; to take no note of; to disregard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Please you that I may <i>pass</i> This
doing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>pass</i> their warlike pomp, their proud
array.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To transcend; to surpass; to excel; to
exceed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And strive to <i>pass</i> . . . <BR>
Their native music by her skillful art.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose tender power<BR>
<i>Passes</i> the strength of storms in their most desolate
hour.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To go successfully through, as an
examination, trail, test, etc.; to obtain the formal sanction of, as a
legislative body; as, he <i>passed</i> his examination; the bill
<i>passed</i> the senate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> In causative senses: as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>To cause to move or go; to send; to transfer from one person,
place, or condition to another; to transmit; to deliver; to hand; to
make over; as, the waiter <i>passed</i> bisquit and cheese; the torch
was <i>passed</i> from hand to hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had only time to <i>pass</i> my eye over the
medals.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Waller <i>passed</i> over five thousand horse and foot
by Newbridge.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To cause to pass the lips; to utter; to
pronounce; hence, to promise; to pledge; as, to <i>pass</i>
sentence.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>
<blockquote>Father, thy word is <i>passed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To cause to advance by stages of progress;
to carry on with success through an ordeal, examination, or action;
specifically, to give legal or official sanction to; to ratify; to
enact; to approve as valid and just; as, he <i>passed</i> the bill
through the committee; the senate <i>passed</i> the law.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To put in circulation; to give currency to;
as, to <i>pass</i> counterfeit money.</def> "<i>Pass</i> the happy
news." <i>Tennyson.</i> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To cause to obtain
entrance, admission, or conveyance; as, to <i>pass</i> a person into a
theater, or over a railroad.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To emit from the bowels; to
evacuate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To take a turn with (a line,
gasket, etc.), as around a sail in furling, and make secure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Fencing)</i> <def>To make, as a thrust,
punto, etc.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Passed midshipman</b></col>. <cd>See under Midshipman.</cd>
-- <col><b>To pass a dividend</b></col>, <cd>to omit the declaration
and payment of a dividend at the time when due.</cd> -- <col><b>To
pass away</b></col>, <cd>to spend; to waste.</cd> "Lest she <i>pass
away</i> the flower of her age." <i>Ecclus. xlii. 9.</i> -- <col><b>To
pass by</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To disregard; to
neglect</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To excuse; to spare; to
overlook.</cd> -- <col><b>To pass off</b></col>, <cd>to impose
fraudulently; to palm off.</cd> "<i>Passed</i> himself <i>off</i> as a
bishop." <i>Macaulay.</i> -- <col><b>To pass (something) on</b></col>
or <col><b>upon (some one)</b></col>, <cd>to put upon as a trick or
cheat; to palm off.</cd> "She <i>passed</i> the child <i>on</i> her
husband for a boy." <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>To pass over</b></col>,
<cd>to overlook; not to note or resent; as, to <i>pass over</i> an
affront.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pass</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pas</i> (for sense
1), and <i>passe</i>, fr. <i>passer</i> to pass. See <u>Pass</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opening, road, or
track, available for passing; especially, one through or over some
dangerous or otherwise impracticable barrier; a passageway; a defile;
a ford; as, a mountain <i>pass</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Try not the <i>pass</i>!" the old man
said.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fencing)</i> <def>A thrust or push; an
attempt to stab or strike an adversary.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A movement of the hand over or along
anything; the manipulation of a mesmerist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Rolling Metals)</i> <def>A single passage of
a bar, rail, sheet, etc., between the rolls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>State of things; condition;
predicament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have his daughters brought him to this
<i>pass</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Matters have been brought to this
<i>pass</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Permission or license to pass, or to go and
come; a psssport; a ticket permitting free transit or admission; as, a
railroad or theater <i>pass</i>; a military <i>pass</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A ship sailing under the flag and <i>pass</i> of an
enemy.</blockquote> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: a thrust; a sally of wit.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Estimation; character.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Common speech gives him a worthy
<i>pass</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Passus</u>.] <def>A part; a
division.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pass boat</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a punt, or similar
boat.</cd> -- <col><b>Pass book</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
book in which a trader enters articles bought on credit, and then
passes or sends it to the purchaser</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See
<u>Bank book</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pass box</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>a wooden or metallic box, used to carry cartridges from the
service magazine to the piece.</cd> -- <col><b>Pass check</b></col>,
<cd>a ticket of admission to a place of entertainment, or of
readmission for one who goes away in expectation of
returning.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pass"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>passable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being passed,
traveled, navigated, traversed, penetrated, or the like; as, the roads
are not <i>passable</i>; the stream is <i>passable</i>in
boats.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His body's a <i>passable</i> carcass if it be not hurt;
it is a throughfare for steel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being freely circulated or
disseminated; acceptable; generally receivable; current.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With men as with false money -- one piece is more or
less <i>passable</i> than another.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Could they have made this slander
<i>passable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Such as may be allowed to pass without
serious objection; tolerable; admissable; moderate;
mediocre.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My version will appear a <i>passable</i> beauty when
the original muse is absent.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pass"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being passable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pass"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Tolerably;
moderately.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Pas`sa*ca*glia</hw> (?), <hw>||Pas`sa*ca*glio</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>pasacalle</i> a certain tune on the
guitar, prop., a tune played in passing through the streets.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An old Italian or Spanish dance tune, in slow
three-four measure, with divisions on a ground bass, resembling a
chaconne.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pas*sade"</hw> (?), <hw>Pas*sa"do</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>passade</i>; cf. Sp. <i>pasada</i>. See
<u>Pass</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fencing)</i> <def>A pass or thrust.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A turn or course of a horse
backward or forward on the same spot of ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>passage</i>. See
<u>Pass</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of passing; transit from one place to another; movement from point to
point; a going by, over, across, or through; as, the <i>passage</i> of
a man or a carriage; the <i>passage</i> of a ship or a bird; the
<i>passage</i> of light; the <i>passage</i> of fluids through the
pores or channels of the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What! are my doors opposed against my
<i>passage</i>!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Transit by means of conveyance; journey, as
by water, carriage, car, or the like; travel; right, liberty, or
means, of passing; conveyance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ship in which he had taken
<i>passage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Price paid for the liberty to pass; fare;
as, to pay one's <i>passage</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Removal from life; decease; departure;
death.</def> [R.] "Endure thy mortal <i>passage</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When he is fit and season'd for his
<i>passage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Way; road; path; channel or course through
or by which one passes; way of exit or entrance; way of access or
transit. Hence, a common avenue to various apartments in a building; a
hall; a corridor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And with his pointed dart<BR>
Explores the nearest <i>passage</i> to his heart.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Persian army had advanced into the . . .
<i>passages</i> of Cilicia.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A continuous course, process, or progress;
a connected or continuous series; as, the <i>passage</i> of
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The conduct and <i>passage</i> of affairs.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>passage</i> and whole carriage of this
action.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A separate part of a course, process, or
series; an occurrence; an incident; an act or deed.</def> "In thy
<i>passages</i> of life."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . almost incredible <i>passage</i> of their
unbelief.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A particular portion constituting a part of
something continuous; esp., a portion of a book, speech, or musical
composition; a paragraph; a clause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How commentators each dark <i>passage</i>
shun.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Reception; currency.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A pass or en encounter; as, a
<i>passage</i> at arms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>passages</i> of love<BR>
Betwixt us twain henceforward evermore.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A movement or an evacuation of the
bowels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>In parliamentary proceedings:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The course of a proposition (bill, resolution,
etc.) through the several stages of consideration and action; as,
during its <i>passage</i> through Congress the bill was amended in
both Houses. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The advancement of a bill or other
proposition from one stage to another by an affirmative vote; esp.,
the final affirmative action of the body upon a proposition; hence,
adoption; enactment; as, the <i>passage</i> of the bill to its third
reading was delayed.</def> "The <i>passage</i> of the Stamp Act."
<i>D. Hosack.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The final question was then put upon its
<i>passage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cushing.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In passage</b></col>, <cd>in passing; cursorily.</cd>
"These . . . have been studied but <i>in passage</i>." <i>Bacon.</i> -
- <col><b>Middle passage</b></col>, <col><b>Northeast
passage</b></col>, <col><b>Northwest passage</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Middle</u>, <u>Northeast</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Of
passage</b></col>, <cd>passing from one place, region, or climate, to
another; migratory; -- said especially of birds.</cd> "Birds <i>of
passage</i>." <i>Longfellow.</i>  -- <col><b>Passage hawk</b></col>,
<cd>a hawk taken on its passage or migration.</cd> -- <col><b>Passage
money</b></col>, <cd>money paid for conveyance of a passenger, --
usually for carrying passengers by water.</cd>
</p>

<p><! p. 1049 !></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Vestibule; hall; corridor. See <u>Vestibule</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pas"sa*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Passenger</u>.] <def>A passenger; a bird or boat of passage.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sage*way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A way for
passage; a hall. See <u>Passage</u>, 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. pr. of
<i>passer</i>. See <u>Pass</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Passing from one to another; in circulation;
current.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many opinions are <i>passant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Curs&?;ry, careless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>On a <i>passant</i> rewiew of what I wrote to the
bishop.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Pett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Surpassing; excelling.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Walking; -- said of any
animal on an escutcheon, which is represented as walking with the
dexter paw raised.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Pas`s&eacute;"</hw>, <pos><i>masc.</i></pos>
<hw>||Pas`s&eacute;"e</hw>, <pos><i>fem.</i></pos> } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Past; gone by; hence, past one's prime;
worn; faded; as, a <i>pass&eacute;e</i> belle.</def>  <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Passe"garde`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Anc.
Armor)</i> <def>A ridge or projecting edge on a shoulder piece to turn
the blow of a lance or other weapon from the joint of the
armor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Passe"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Lace, gimp,
braid etc., sewed on a garment.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Passe*men"terie</hw> (E. p&adot;s*m&ebreve;n"tr&ibreve;; F.
p&auml;`s'm&auml;N`t'r&esl;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Beaded
embroidery for women's dresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sen*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; F.
<i>passager</i>. See <u>Passage</u>, and cf. <u>Messenger</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A passer or passer-by; a wayfarer.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A traveler by some established conveyance,
as a coach, steamboat, railroad train, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Passenger falcon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
migratory hawk.</cd> <i>Ainsworth.</i> -- <col><b>Passenger
pigeon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common wild pigeon of
North America (<i>Ectopistes migratorius</i>), so called on account of
its extensive migrations.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Passe" par`tout"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from
<i>passer</i> to pass + <i>partout</i> everywhere.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That by which one can pass anywhere; a safe-conduct.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A master key; a latchkey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A light picture frame or mat of cardboard,
wood, or the like, usually put between the picture and the glass, and
sometimes serving for several pictures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pass"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who passes; a
passenger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pass`er-by"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who goes
by; a passer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pas"se*res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>passer</i> a sparrow.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order, or
suborder, of birds, including more that half of all the known species.
It embraces all singing birds (Oscines), together with many other
small perching birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas*ser"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or belonging to the Passeres.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"ser*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>passerinus</i>, fr. <i>passer</i> a sparrow.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Passeres.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The columbine, gallinaceous, and <i>passerine</i>
tribes people the fruit trees.</blockquote> <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"ser*ine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Passeres.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>passibilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>passibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being passible; aptness to feel or suffer;
sensibility.</def>  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>passibilis</i>, fr. <i>pati</i>, to suffer: cf. F. <i>passible</i>.
See <u>Passion</u>.] <def>Susceptible of feeling or suffering, or of
impressions from external agents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Apolinarius, which held even deity itself
<i>passible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"si*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Passibility.</def>  <i>Brerewood.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pas"si*flo"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>passio</i> passion (fr. <i>pati</i>, <i>passus</i>, to suffer) +
<i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
plants, including the passion flower. It is the type of the order
<i>Passiflore&aelig;</i>, which includes about nineteen genera and two
hundred and fifty species.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pas"sim</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Here and
there; everywhere; as, this word occurs <i>passim</i> in the
poem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pass"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one
who, or that which, passes; the act of going by or away.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Passing bell</b></col>, <cd>a tolling of a bell to announce
that a soul is passing, or has passed, from its body (formerly done to
invoke prayers for the dying); also, a tolling during the passing of a
funeral procession to the grave, or during funeral ceremonies.</cd>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pass"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Relating to the act of passing or going; going by, beyond,
through, or away; departing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exceeding; surpassing, eminent.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i> "Her <i>passing</i> deformity."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Passing note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a character
including a passing tone.</cd> -- <col><b>Passing tone</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a tone introduced between two other tones, on an
unaccented portion of a measure, for the sake of smoother melody, but
forming no essential part of the harmony.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pass"ing</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Exceedingly;
excessively; surpassingly; as, <i>passing</i> fair; <i>passing</i>
strange.</def> "You apprehend <i>passing</i> shrewdly."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pass"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Exceedingly.</def>  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>passio</i>, fr. <i>pati</i>, <i>passus</i>, to suffer. See
<u>Patient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A suffering or enduring of
imposed or inflicted pain; any suffering or distress (as, a cardiac
<i>passion</i>); specifically, the suffering of Christ between the
time of the last supper and his death, esp. in the garden upon the
cross.</def> "The <i>passions</i> of this time."  <i>Wyclif (Rom.
viii. 18).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To whom also he showed himself alive after his
<i>passion</i>, by many infallible proofs.</blockquote> <i>Acts i.
3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being acted upon; subjection
to an external agent or influence; a passive condition; -- opposed to
<i>action</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A body at rest affords us no idea of any active power
to move, and, when set is motion, it is rather a <i>passion</i> than
an action in it.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Capacity of being affected by external
agents; susceptibility of impressions from external agents.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Moldable and not moldable, scissible and not scissible,
and many other <i>passions</i> of matter.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of the mind when it is powerfully
acted upon and influenced by something external to itself; the state
of any particular faculty which, under such conditions, becomes
extremely sensitive or uncontrollably excited; any emotion or
sentiment (specifically, love or anger) in a state of abnormal or
controlling activity; an extreme or inordinate desire; also, the
capacity or susceptibility of being so affected; as, to be in a
<i>passion</i>; the <i>passions</i> of love, hate, jealously, wrath,
ambition, avarice, fear, etc.; a <i>passion</i> for war, or for drink;
an orator should have <i>passion</i> as well as rhetorical
skill.</def>  "A <i>passion</i> fond even to idolatry."
<i>Macaulay.</i> "Her <i>passion</i> is to seek roses."  <i>Lady M. W.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We also are men of like <i>passions</i> with
you.</blockquote> <i>Acts xiv. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The nature of the human mind can not be sufficiently
understood, without considering the affections and <i>passions</i>, or
those modifications or actions of the mind consequent upon the
apprehension of certain objects or events in which the mind generally
conceives good or evil.</blockquote> <i>Hutcheson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The term <i>passion</i>, and its adverb
<i>passionately</i>, often express a very strong predilection for any
pursuit, or object of taste -- a kind of enthusiastic fondness for
anything.</blockquote> <i>Cogan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bravery of his grief did put me<BR>
Into a towering <i>passion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ruling <i>passion</i>, be it what it will,<BR>
The ruling <i>passion</i> conquers reason still.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who walked in every path of human life,<BR>
Felt every <i>passion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When statesmen are ruled by faction and interest, they
can have no <i>passion</i> for the glory of their
country.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Disorder of the mind; madness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Passion week. See <i>Passion week</i>,
below.</def>  <i>R. of Gl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Passion flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any flower or
plant of the genus <i>Passiflora</i>; -- so named from a fancied
resemblance of parts of the flower to the instruments of our Savior's
crucifixion.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; The flowers are showy, and the fruit is sometimes highly
esteemed (see <u>Granadilla</u>, and <u>Maypop</u>). The roots and
leaves are generally more or less noxious, and are used in medicine.
The plants are mostly tendril climbers, and are commonest in the
warmer parts of America, though a few species are Asiatic or
Australian.</p>

<p><col><b>Passion music</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>originally,
music set to the gospel narrative of the passion of our Lord; after
the Reformation, a kind of oratorio, with narrative, chorals, airs,
and choruses, having for its theme the passion and crucifixion of
Christ.</cd> -- <col><b>Passion play</b></col>, <cd>a mystery play, in
which the scenes connected with the passion of our Savior are
represented dramatically.</cd> -- <col><b>Passion Sunday</b></col>
<i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the fifth Sunday in Lent, or the second before
Easter.</cd> -- <col><b>Passion Week</b></col>, <cd>the last week but
one in Lent, or the second week preceding Easter.</cd> "The name of
<i>Passion week</i> is frequently, but improperly, applied to Holy
Week."  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Passion</u>, <u>Feeling</u>, <u>Emotion</u>.
When any <i>feeling</i> or <i>emotion</i> completely masters the mind,
we call it a <i>passion</i>; as, a <i>passion</i> for music, dress,
etc.; especially is anger (when thus extreme) called <i>passion</i>.
The mind, in such cases, is considered as having lost its self-
control, and become the passive instrument of the feeling in
question.</p>

<p><hw>Pas"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Passioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Passioning</u>.] <def>To give a passionate character to.</def> [R.]
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sion</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To suffer pain or
sorrow; to experience a passion; to be extremely agitated.</def>
[Obs.] "Dumbly she <i>passions</i>, frantically she doteth."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to passion or the passions; exciting, influenced by, or
ministering to, the passions.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
passionary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>passionarius</i>: cf. F. <i>passionaire</i>.] <def>A book in which
are described the sufferings of saints and martyrs.</def>  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>passionatus</i>: cf. F. <i>passionn&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable or susceptible of passion, or of
different passions; easily moved, excited or agitated; specifically,
easily moved to anger; irascible; quick-tempered; as, a
<i>passionate</i> nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Homer's Achilles is haughty and
<i>passionate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by passion; expressing
passion; ardent in feeling or desire; vehement; warm; as, a
<i>passionate</i> friendship.</def> "The <i>passionate</i> Pilgrim."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Suffering; sorrowful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To affect with passion; to impassion.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Great pleasure, mixed with pitiful regard,<BR>
The godly kind and queen did <i>passionate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express feelingly or sorrowfully.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sion*ate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a passionate manner; with strong feeling;
ardently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sorrow expresses itself . . . loudly and
<i>passionately</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Angrily; irascibly.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sion*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being passionate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>A member of a religious order founded in Italy in 1737, and
introduced into the United States in 1852. The members of the order
unite the austerities of the Trappists with the activity and zeal of
the Jesuits and Lazarists. Called also <i>Barefooted Clerks of the
Most Holy Cross</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sion*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Void of
passion; without anger or emotion; not easily excited; calm.</def>
"Self-contained and <i>passionless</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sion*tide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Passion</i> +
<i>tide</i> time.] <def>The last fortnight of Lent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>passivus</i>:
cf. F. <i>passif</i>. See <u>Passion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
active, but acted upon; suffering or receiving impressions or
influences; as, they were <i>passive</i> spectators, not actors in the
scene.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>passive</i> air<BR>
Upbore their nimble tread.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind is wholly <i>passive</i> in the reception of
all its simple ideas.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Receiving or enduring without either active
sympathy or active resistance; without emotion or excitement; patient;
not opposing; unresisting; as, <i>passive</i> obedience;
<i>passive</i> submission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best virtue, <i>passive</i> fortitude.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Inactive; inert; not showing
strong affinity; as, red phosphorus is comparatively
<i>passive</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Designating certain morbid
conditions, as hemorrhage or dropsy, characterized by relaxation of
the vessels and tissues, with deficient vitality and lack of reaction
in the affected tissues.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Passive congestion</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>congestion
due to obstruction to the return of the blood from the affected
part.</cd> -- <col><b>Passive iron</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>iron
which has been subjected to the action of heat, of strong nitric acid,
chlorine, etc. It is then not easily acted upon by acids.</cd> --
<col><b>Passive movement</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a movement of a
part, in order to exercise it, made without the assistance of the
muscles which ordinarily move the part.</cd> -- <col><b>Passive
obedience</b></col><cd> (as used by writers on government), obedience
or submission of the subject or citizen as a duty in all cases to the
existing government.</cd> -- <col><b>Passive prayer</b></col>,
<cd>among mystic divines, a suspension of the activity of the soul or
intellectual faculties, the soul remaining quiet, and yielding only to
the impulses of grace.</cd> -- <col><b>Passive verb</b></col>, or
<col><b>Passive voice</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a verb, or form of
a verb, which expresses the effect of the action of some agent; as, in
Latin, <i>doceor</i>, I am taught; in English, she <i>is loved</i>;
the picture <i>is admired</i> by all; he <i>is assailed</i> by
slander.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inactive; inert; quiescent; unresisting; unopposing;
suffering; enduring; submissive; patient.</p>

<p><hw>Pas"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a passive manner; inertly; unresistingly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As a passive verb; in the passive
voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being passive; unresisting submission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be an effect implies <i>passiveness</i>, or the
being subject to the power and action of its cause.</blockquote> <i>J.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas*siv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>passivit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Passiveness; --
opposed to <i>activity</i>.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The tendency of a body to
remain in a given state, either of motion or rest, till disturbed by
another body; inertia.</def>  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The quality or condition of
any substance which has no inclination to chemical activity;
inactivity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pass"-key`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A key for
opening more locks than one; a master key.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pass"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no pass;
impassable.</def>  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pass"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Passmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who passes for a degree,
without honors. See <u>Classman</u>, 2.</def> [Eng. Univ.]</p>

<p><hw>Pass"o`ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pass</i> +
<i>over</i>. See Pasch.] <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A feast of the Jews, instituted to commemorate the sparing of the
Hebrews in Egypt, when God, smiting the firstborn of the Egyptians,
<i>passed over</i> the houses of the Israelites which were marked with
the blood of a lamb.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sacrifice
offered at the feast of the passover; the paschal lamb.</def>  <i>Ex.
xii.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pass`-pa*role"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>passe-
parole</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An order passed from front to rear by
word of mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pass"port</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>passeport</i>, orig., a permission to leave a port or to sail into
it; <i>passer</i> to pass + <i>port</i> a port, harbor. See
<u>Pass</u>, and <u>Port</u> a harbor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Permission to pass; a document given by the competent officer of
a state, permitting the person therein named to pass or travel from
place to place, without molestation, by land or by water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Caution in granting <i>passports</i> to
Ireland.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A document carried by neutral merchant
vessels in time of war, to certify their nationality and protect them
from belligerents; a sea letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A license granted in time of war for the
removal of persons and effects from a hostile country; a safe-
conduct.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: Anything which secures
advancement and general acceptance.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>passport</i> is his innocence and
grace.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pas"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Passus</b></plw>, E. <plw><b>Passuses</b></plw> (&?;). [L., a
step, a pace. See <u>Pace</u>.] <def>A division or part; a canto; as,
the <i>passus</i> of Piers Plowman. See 2d <u>Fit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pass"word`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word to be
given before a person is allowed to pass; a watchword; a
countersign.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sy*meas`ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
It. <i>passamezzo</i>.] [Obs.] <def>See <u>Paspy</u>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Past</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Pass</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Of or pertaining to a former time or state;
neither present nor future; gone by; elapsed; ended; spent; as,
<i>past</i> troubles; <i>past</i> offences.</def> "<i>Past</i> ages."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Past master</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Master</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Past</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A former time or state; a
state of things gone by.</def> "The <i>past</i>, at least, is secure."
<i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The present is only intelligible in the light of the
<i>past</i>, often a very remote <i>past</i> indeed.</blockquote>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Past</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Beyond, in position, or degree; further than; beyond the reach or
influence of.</def> "Who being <i>past</i> feeling." <i>Eph. iv.
19.</i> "Galled <i>past</i> endurance." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Until we be <i>past</i> thy borders.</blockquote>
<i>Num. xxi. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Love, when once <i>past</i> government, is consequently
<i>past shame</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1050 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Beyond, in time; after; as, <i>past</i> the
hour.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it not <i>past</i> two o'clock?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Above; exceeding; more than.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>past</i> three quarters of a mile.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bows not <i>past</i> three quarters of a yard
long.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Past</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By; beyond; as, he
ran <i>past</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The alarum of drums swept <i>past</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paste</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>paste</i>, F.
<i>p&acirc;te</i>, L. <i>pasta</i>, fr. Gr. &?; barley broth; cf. &?;
barley porridge, &?; sprinkled with salt, &?; to sprinkle.  Cf.
<u>Pasty</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Patty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A soft composition, as of flour moistened with water or milk, or
of earth moistened to the consistence of dough, as in making potter's
ware.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, in cookery, a dough prepared
for the crust of pies and the like; pastry dough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cement made of flour and water,
starch and water, or the like, -- used for uniting paper or other
substances, as in bookbinding, etc., -- also used in calico printing
as a vehicle for mordant or color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A highly refractive vitreous composition,
variously colored, used in making imitations of precious stones or
gems. See <u>Strass</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A soft confection made of the inspissated
juice of fruit, licorice, or the like, with sugar, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The mineral substance in
which other minerals are imbedded.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Paste eel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the vinegar
eel. See under <u>Vinegar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Paste</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pasting</u>.] <def>To unite with paste; to fasten or join by means
of paste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Paste"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A stiff thick kind of paper board, formed of several single
sheets pasted one upon another, or of paper macerated and pressed into
molds, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A board on which pastry
dough is rolled; a molding board.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; cf. It.
<i>pastello</i>.  Cf. <u>Pastil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crayon
made of a paste composed of a color ground with gum water.</def>
[Sometimes incorrectly written <i>pastil</i>.]  "Charming heads in
<i>pastel</i>."  <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant affording a blue dye;
the woad (<i>Isatis tinctoria</i>); also, the dye itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Past"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who pastes; as, a <i>paster</i> in a government
department.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slip of paper, usually bearing a name,
intended to be pasted by the voter, as a substitute, over another name
on a printed ballot.</def> [Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pas"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of. <i>pasturon</i>,
F. <i>p&acirc;turon</i>, fr. OF. <i>pasture</i> a tether, for beasts
while pasturing; prop., a pasturing. See <u>Pasture</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part of the foot of the horse, and allied
animals, between the fetlock and the coffin joint. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Horse</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The upper bone, or phalanx, of the foot is called the
<i>great pastern bone</i>; the second, the <i>small pastern bone</i>;
and the third, in the hoof, the <i>coffin bone</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Pastern joint</b></col>, <cd>the joint in the hoof of the
horse, and allied animals, between the great and small pastern
bones.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shackle for horses while pasturing.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A patten.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas*teur"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fr.
<i>Pasteur</i>, a French scientist.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A method
of treatment, devised by Pasteur, for preventing certain diseases, as
hydrophobia, by successive inoculations with an attenuated virus of
gradually increasing strength.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pasteurization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas*teur`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
process devised by Pasteur for preventing or checking fermentation in
fluids, such as wines, milk, etc., by exposure to a temperature of
140&deg; F., thus destroying the vitality of the contained germs or
ferments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas*teur"ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To subject to pasteurization.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat by pasteurism.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pas*tic"ci*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr.
<i>pasta</i>. See <u>Paste</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A medley; an
olio.</def> [R.]  <i>H. Swinburne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
work of art imitating directly the work of another artist, or of more
artists than one.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A falsified work of
art, as a vase or statue made up of parts of original works, with
missing parts supplied.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pas"til</hw> (?), <hw>Pas*tille"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pastille</i>, L. <i>pastillus</i>a pastus
food. See <u>Pasture</u>, and cf. <u>Pastel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Pharmacy)</i> <def>A small cone or mass made of paste of gum,
benzoin, cinnamon, and other aromatics, -- used for fumigating or
scenting the air of a room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An aromatic or medicated lozenge; a
troche.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Pastel</u>, a crayon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"time`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pass</i> +
<i>time</i>: cf. F. <i>passetemps</i>.] <def>That which amuses, and
serves to make time pass agreeably; sport; amusement;
diversion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"time`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sport; to amuse
one's self.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pas"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>pascere</i>,
<i>pastum</i>, to pasture, to feed.  Cf. <u>Pabulum</u>,
<u>Pasture</u>, <u>Food</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shepherd; one
who has the care of flocks and herds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A guardian; a keeper; specifically
<i>(Eccl.)</i>, a minister having the charge of a church and
parish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of starling
(<i>Pastor roseus</i>), native of the plains of Western Asia and
Eastern Europe.  Its head is crested and glossy greenish black, and
its back is rosy. It feeds largely upon locusts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"tor*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office,
jurisdiction, or duty, of a pastor; pastorate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"tor*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pastoralis</i>: cf. F. <i>pastoral</i>. See <u>Pastor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to shepherds; hence, relating
to rural life and scenes; as, a <i>pastoral</i> life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the care of souls, or to the
pastor of a church; as, <i>pastoral</i> duties; a <i>pastoral</i>
letter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pastoral staff</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>a staff,
usually of the form of a shepherd's crook, borne as an official emblem
by a bishop, abbot, abbess, or other prelate privileged to carry it.
See <u>Crook</u>, and <u>Crosier</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pastoral
Theology</b></col>, <cd>that part of theology which treats of the
duties of pastors.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pas"tor*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A poem describing the life and manners of shepherds; a poem in
which the speakers assume the character of shepherds; an idyl; a
bucolic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>pastoral</i> is a poem in which any action or
passion is represented by its effects on a country life.</blockquote>
<i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A cantata relating to rural
life; a composition for instruments characterized by simplicity and
sweetness; a lyrical composition the subject of which is taken from
rural life.</def>  <i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A letter of a pastor to his
charge; specifically, a letter addressed by a bishop to his diocese;
also <i>(Prot. Epis. Ch.)</i>, a letter of the House of Bishops, to be
read in each parish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pas`to*ra"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A composition in a soft, rural
style, generally in 6-8 or 12-8 time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of dance; a kind of figure used in a
dance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"tor*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a pastoral or rural manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the manner of a pastor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"tor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pastorat</i>. See <u>Pastor</u>.] <def>The office, state, or
jurisdiction of a pastor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"tor*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
pastor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"tor*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
insignificant pastor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pas"tor*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Appropriate to a
pastor.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pastorate.</def>
<i>Bp. Bull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pastries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The place
where pastry is made.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Articles of food made of paste, or having a
crust made of paste, as pies, tarts, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pastry cook</b></col>, <cd>one whose occupation is to make
pastry; as, the <i>pastry cook</i> of a hotel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pas"tur*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit for
pasture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"tur*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>pasturage</i>, F. <i>p&acirc;turage</i>. See <u>Pasture</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Grazing ground; grass land used for pasturing;
pasture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Grass growing for feed; grazing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The business of feeding or grazing
cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pasture</i>, F.
<i>p&acirc;ture</i>, L. <i>pastura</i>, fr. <i>pascere</i>,
<i>pastum</i>, to pasture, to feed. See <u>Pastor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Food; nourishment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Toads and frogs his <i>pasture</i>
poisonous.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: Grass growing for the food of
cattle; the food of cattle taken by grazing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Grass land for cattle, horses, etc.;
pasturage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He maketh me to lie down in green
<i>pastures</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxiii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So graze as you find <i>pasture</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pastured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pasturing</u>.] <def>To feed, esp. to feed on growing grass; to
supply grass as food for; as, the farmer <i>pastures</i> fifty oxen;
the land will <i>pasture</i> forty cows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To feed on growing
grass; to graze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"ture*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
pasture.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"tur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pastures; one who takes cattle to graze. See <u>Agister</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like paste, as in
color, softness, stickness.</def> "A <i>pasty</i> complexion."  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pas"ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pasties</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>past&eacute;</i>, F.
<i>p&acirc;t&eacute;</i>. See <u>Paste</u>, and cf. <u>Patty</u>.]
<def>A pie consisting usually of meat wholly surrounded with a crust
made of a sheet of paste, and often baked without a dish; a meat
pie.</def> "If ye pinch me like a <i>pasty</i>." <i>Shak.</i> "Apple
<i>pasties</i>." <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A large <i>pasty</i> baked in a pewter
platter.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Patted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Patting</u>.] [Cf. G. <i>patschen</i>, Prov. G. <i>patzen</i>, to
strike, tap.] <def>To strike gently with the fingers or hand; to
stroke lightly; to tap; as, to <i>pat</i> a dog.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gay <i>pats</i> my shoulder, and you vanish
quite.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A light,
quik blow or stroke with the fingers or hand; a tap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small mass, as of butter, shaped by
pats.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It looked like a tessellated work of <i>pats</i> of
butter.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pat</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>pat</i> a light blow, D.
<i>te pas</i> convenient, pat, where <i>pas</i> is fr. F.
<i>passer</i> to pass.] <def>Exactly suitable; fit; convenient;
timely.</def> "<i>Pat</i> allusion."  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pat</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pat
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I foresaw then 't would come in <i>pat</i>
hereafter.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*ta"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>The
Spanish dollar; -- called also <i>patacoon</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pa`tache"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. &amp; Sp.
<i>patache</i>, P. <i>patacho</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A tender to a
fleet, formerly used for conveying men, orders, or treasure.</def>
[Spain &amp; Portugal]</p>

<p><hw>Pa`ta*coon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>See
<u>Pataca</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*ta"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Patagia</b></plw> (#). [L., an edge or border.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>In bats, an expansion of the
integument uniting the fore limb with the body and extending between
the elongated fingers to form the wing; in birds, the similar fold of
integument uniting the fore limb with the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a pair of small
vesicular organs situated at the bases of the anterior wings of
lepidopterous insects. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Butterfly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat`a*go"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Patagonia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native
of Patagonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat"a*mar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel resembling a grab, used in the
coasting trade of Bombay and Ceylon.</def> [Written also
<i>pattemar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*tas"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A West African long-tailed monkey (<i>Cercopithecus ruber</i>);
the red monkey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat`a*vin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>patavinitas</i>, fr. <i>Patavium</i>: cf. F.
<i>patavinit&eacute;</i>] <def>The use of local or provincial words,
as in the peculiar style or diction of Livy, the Roman historian; --
so called from Patavium, now Padua, the place of Livy's
nativity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Patch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pacche</i>; of
uncertain origin, perh. for <i>placche</i>; cf. Prov. E. <i>platch</i>
patch, LG. <i>plakk</i>, <i>plakke</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
piece of cloth, or other suitable material, sewed or otherwise fixed
upon a garment to repair or strengthen it, esp. upon an old garment to
cover a hole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Patches</i> set upon a little breach.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>A small piece of anything used to
repair a breach; as, a <i>patch</i> on a kettle, a roof,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of black silk stuck on the
face, or neck, to hide a defect, or to heighten beauty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your black <i>patches</i> you wear
variously.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A piece of greased cloth or
leather used as wrapping for a rifle ball, to make it fit the
bore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Anything regarded as a patch; a small
piece of ground; a tract; a plot; as, scattered <i>patches</i> of
trees or growing corn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Employed about this <i>patch</i> of
ground.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A block on the muzzle of a
gun, to do away with the effect of dispart, in sighting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A paltry fellow; a rogue; a ninny; a
fool.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.] "Thou scurvy <i>patch</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Patch ice</b></col>, <cd>ice in overlapping pieces in the
sea.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft patch</b></col>, <cd>a patch for covering a
crack in a metallic vessel, as a steam boiler, consisting of soft
material, as putty, covered and held in place by a plate bolted or
riveted fast.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Patch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Patched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Patching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mend by sewing on a piece
or pieces of cloth, leather, or the like; as, to <i>patch</i> a
coat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mend with pieces; to repair with pieces
festened on; to repair clumsily; as, to <i>patch</i> the roof of a
house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To adorn, as the face, with a patch or
patches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ladies who <i>patched</i> both sides of their
faces.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make of pieces or patches; to repair as
with patches; to arrange in a hasty or clumsy manner; -- generally
with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>patch</i> up a truce.</def> "If you'll
<i>patch</i> a quarrel."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Patch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who patches or
botches.</def>  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Patch"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Botchery;
covering of defects; bungling; hypocrisy.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Patch"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Knavishy;
deceitfully.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa*tchou"li</hw>, <hw>Pa*tchou"ly</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F. <i>patchouli</i>; prob. of East Indian
origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A mintlike plant
(<i>Pogostemon Patchouli</i>) of the East Indies, yielding an
essential oil from which a highly valued perfume is made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The perfume made from this plant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Patchouly camphor</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a substance
homologous with and resembling borneol, found in patchouly
oil.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Patch"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work composed
of pieces sewed together, esp. pieces of various colors and figures;
hence, anything put together of incongruous or ill-adapted parts;
something irregularly clumsily composed; a thing putched up.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Patch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of, or covered
with, patches; abounding in patches.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`t&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>See <u>Patt&eacute;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`t&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&acirc;t&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pie. See
<u>Patty</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A kind of platform with a
parapet, usually of an oval form, and generally erected in marshy
grounds to cover a gate of a fortified place.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. &amp; Prov. G.
<i>pattkopf</i>, <i>patzkopf</i>, scabby head; <i>patt</i>,
<i>patz</i>, scab + <i>kopf</i> head.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
head of a person; the top, or crown, of the head.</def> [Now generally
used in contempt or ridicule.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His mischief shall return upon his own head, and his
violent dealing shall come down upon his own <i>pate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. vii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fat paunches have lean <i>pate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The skin of a calf's head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a pate; --
used only in composition; as, long-<i>pated</i>; shallow-
<i>pated</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pattee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat`e*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>patefactio</i>, fr. <i>patefacere</i> to open; <i>patere</i> to lie
open + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>The act of opening, disclosing, or
manifesting; open declaration.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pat"e*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>patel&amacr;</i>.] <def>A large flat-bottomed trading boat peculiar
to the river Ganges; -- called also <i>puteli</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*tel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Patell&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a small pan, the kneepan,
dim. of <i>patina</i>, <i>patena</i>, a pan, dish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small dish, pan, or vase.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The kneepan; the cap of the
knee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine
gastropods, including many species of limpets. The shell has the form
of a flattened cone. The common European limpet (<i>Patella
vulgata</i>) is largely used for food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of apothecium in
lichens, which is orbicular, flat, and sessile, and has a special rim
not a part of the thallus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*tel"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the patella, or kneepan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*tel"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Patella</i> +
<i>form</i>: cf. F. <i>pattelliforme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the form of a patella.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling a limpet of
the genus Patella.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*tel"lu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Patellul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L.
<i>patella</i>. See <u>Patella</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
cuplike sucker on the feet of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>patina</i>,
<i>patena</i>, fr. L. <i>patina</i>, <i>patena</i>, a pan; cf. L.
<i>patere</i> to be open, E. <i>patent</i>, and Gr. &?; a kind of flat
dish: cf. F. <i>pat&egrave;ne</i>.  Cf. <u>Patina</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A plate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The place on which the
consecrated bread is placed in the Eucharist, or on which the host is
placed during the Mass. It is usually small, and formed as to fit the
chalice, or cup, as a cover.</def></p>

<p>[Written also <i>patin</i>, <i>patine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pat"e*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>A paten.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*te"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Pg.
<i>patena</i> a paten.] <def>A grassy expanse in the hill region of
Ceylon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"ten*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Patent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being open, enlarged, or
spread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being patent or
evident.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1051 !></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ent</hw> (p&abreve;t"<i>e</i>nt or p&amacr;t"<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>patens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>patere</i> to be open: cf. F. <i>patent</i>.  Cf. <u>Fathom</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> (<i>Oftener pronounced</i> p&amacr;t"<i>e</i>nt
<i>in this sense</i>) <def>Open; expanded; evident; apparent;
unconcealed; manifest; public; conspicuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had received instructions, both <i>patent</i> and
secret.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Open to public perusal; -- said of a
document conferring some right or privilege; as, letters
<i>patent</i>. See <i>Letters patent</i>, under 3d
<u>Letter</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appropriated or protected by letters
patent; secured by official authority to the exclusive possession,
control, and disposal of some person or party; patented; as, a
<i>patent</i> right; <i>patent</i> medicines.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Madder . . . in King Charles the First's time, was made
a <i>patent</i> commodity.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Spreading; forming a nearly
right angle with the steam or branch; as, a <i>patent</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Patent leather</b></col>, <cd>a varnished or lacquered
leather, used for boots and shoes, and in carriage and harness
work.</cd> -- <col><b>Patent office</b></col>, <cd>a government bureau
for the examination of inventions and the granting of patents.</cd> --
<col><b>Patent right</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The exclusive
right to an invention, and the control of its manufacture</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>The right, granted by the
sovereign, of exclusive control of some business of manufacture, or of
the sale of certain articles, or of certain offices or
prerogatives.</cd> -- <col><b>Patent rolls</b></col>, <cd>the
registers, or records, of patents.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>patente</i>. See
<u>Patent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A letter
patent, or letters patent; an official document, issued by a sovereign
power, conferring a right or privilege on some person or party.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A writing securing to an
invention.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A document making a grant
and conveyance of public lands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Four other gentlemen of quality remained mentioned in
that <i>patent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States, by the act of 1870, patents for
inventions are issued for seventeen years, without the privilege of
renewal except by act of Congress.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The right or privilege conferred by such a
document; hence, figuratively, a right, privilege, or license of the
nature of a patent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you are so fond over her iniquity, give her
<i>patent</i> to offend.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Patented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Patenting</u>.] <def>To grant by patent; to make the subject of a
patent; to secure or protect by patent; as, to <i>patent</i> an
invention; to <i>patent</i> public lands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ent*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable to
be patented; capable of being patented.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat`ent*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One to whom a
grant is made, or a privilege secured, by patent.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ent-ham"mered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Stone
Cutting)</i> <def>Having a surface dressed by cutting with a hammer
the head of which consists of broad thin chisels clamped
together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ent*ly</hw> (?; see <u>Patent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Openly; evidently.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pat"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pater&aelig;</b></plw>(&?;). [ L., fr. <i>patere</i> to lie
open.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A saucerlike vessel of earthenware or
metal, used by the Greeks and Romans in libations and
sacrificies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A circular ornament,
resembling a dish, often worked in relief on friezes, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat`e*re"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pederero</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pa`ter*fa*mil`i*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pateresfamilias</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. <i>pater</i> father +
<i>familias</i>, gen. of <i>familia</i> family.] <i>(Rom. Law)</i>
<def>The head of a family; in a large sense, the proprietor of an
estate; one who is his own master.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ter"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>paternus</i>,
fr. <i>pater</i> a father: cf. F. <i>paternel</i>. See <u>Father</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a father; fatherly;
showing the disposition of a father; guiding or instructing as a
father; as, <i>paternal</i> care.</def> "Under <i>paternal</i> rule."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Received or derived from a father;
hereditary; as, a <i>paternal</i> estate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their small <i>paternal</i> field of corn.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Paternal government</b></col> <i>(Polit. Science)</i>,
<cd>the assumption by the governing power of a quasi-fatherly relation
to the people, involving strict and intimate supervision of their
business and social concerns, upon the theory that they are incapable
of managing their own afffairs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ter"nal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Polit.
Science)</i> <def>The theory or practice of paternal government. See
<i>Paternal government</i>, under <u>Paternal</u>.</def>  <i>London
Times.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ter"nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a paternal
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ter"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>paternitas</i>: cf. F. <i>paternit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Paternal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The relation of a father to
his child; fathership; fatherhood; family headship; as, the divine
<i>paternity</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world, while it had scarcity of people, underwent
no other dominion than <i>paternity</i> and eldership.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Derivation or descent from a father; male
parentage; as, the <i>paternity</i> of a child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Origin; authorship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>paternity</i> of these novels was . . .
disputed.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"ter*nos`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., Our Father.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The Lord's prayer, so called from the first
two words of the Latin version.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A beadlike ornament in
moldings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Angling)</i> <def>A line with a row of hooks
and bead&?;shaped sinkers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Paternoster pump</b></col>, <col><b>Paternoster
wheel</b></col>, <cd>a chain pump; a noria.</cd> --
<col><b>Paternoster while</b></col>, <cd>the space of time required
for repeating a paternoster.</cd> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Path</hw> (p&adot;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paths</b></plw> (p&adot;&thlig;z). [As. <i>p&aelig;&eth;</i>,
<i>pa&eth;</i>; akin to D. <i>pad</i>, G. <i>pfad</i>, of uncertain
origin; cf. Gr. <grk>pa`tos</grk>, Skr. <i>patha</i>, <i>path</i>.
&radic;21.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A trodden way; a
footway.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dewy <i>paths</i> of meadows we will
tread.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A way, course, or track, in which anything
moves or has moved; route; passage; an established way; as, the
<i>path</i> of a meteor, of a caravan, of a storm, of a pestilence.
Also used figuratively, of a course of life or action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>paths</i> of the Lord are mercy and
truth.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxv. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>paths</i> of glory lead but to the
grave.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Path</hw> (p&adot;&thlig;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pathed</u> (p&adot;&thlig;d);
<pos><i>pr.p. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Pathing</u>.] <def>To make a path
in, or on (something), or for (some one).</def> [R.] "<i>Pathing</i>
young Henry's unadvised ways."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Path</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To walk or go.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Path`e*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
a suffering, &?;, to suffer.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating,
emotion or suffering.</def> [R.]  <i>Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*thet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>patheticus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, &?;, to suffer: cf. F.
<i>path&eacute;tique</i>. See <u>Pathos</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Expressing or showing anger; passionate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affecting or moving the tender emotions,
esp. pity or grief; full of pathos; as, a <i>pathetic</i> song or
story.</def> "<i>Pathetic</i> action."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No theory of the passions can teach a man to be
<i>pathetic</i>.</blockquote> <i>E. Porter.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pathetic muscle</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the superior
oblique muscle of the eye.</cd> -- <col><b>Pathetic nerve</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the fourth cranial, or trochlear, nerve, which
supplies the superior oblique, or pathetic, muscle of the eye.</cd> --
<col><b>The pathetic</b></col>, <cd>a style or manner adapted to
arouse the tender emotions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pa*thet"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pathetic.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Pa*thet"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Pa*thet"ic*al*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Path"e*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>path&eacute;tisme</i>.] <def>See <u>Mesmerism</u>.</def>  <i>L.
Sunderland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Path"find`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
discovers a way or path; one who explores untraversed
regions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cow is the true <i>pathfinder</i> and
pathmaker.</blockquote> <i>J. Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Path"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pathicus</i>, Gr.
&?;, passive, fr. &?;, &?;, to suffer] <def>A male who submits to the
crime against nature; a catamite.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Path"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Passive;
suffering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Path"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no beaten
path or way; untrodden; impenetrable; as, <i>pathless</i>
woods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trough the heavens' wide, <i>pathless</i>
way.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Path"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, makes a way or path.</def></p>

<p><hw>Path"o*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pathogenic</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of a class of virulent
micro&ouml;rganisms or bacteria found in the tissues and fluids in
infectious diseases, and supposed to be the cause of the disease; a
pathogenic organism; a pathogenic bacterium; -- opposed to
<i>zymogene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Path`o*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pathogeny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Path`o*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pathogenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Path`o*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; disease +
the root of &?; birth.] <i>(Med. &amp; Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
pathogeny; producting disease; as, a <i>pathogenic</i> organism; a
<i>pathogenic</i> bacterium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*thog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The generation, and method of development, of
disease; as, the <i>pathogeny</i> of yellow fever is unsettled.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That branch of pathology which treats of the
generation and development of disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*thog`no*mon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
skilled in judging of diseases; &?; a disease + &?; skilled: cf. F.
<i>pathognomonique</i>. See <u>Gnomic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Specially or decisively characteristic of a disease; indicating
with certainty a disease; as, a <i>pathognomonic</i>
symptom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The true <i>pathognomonic</i> sign of love
jealousy.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*thog"no*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; passion +
&?; a judgment, fr. &?;, &?;, to know.] <def>Expression of the
passions; the science of the signs by which human passions are
indicated.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Path`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Path`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>pathologique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to pathology.</def> -- <wf>Path`o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
</p>

<p><hw>Pa*thol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pathologiste</i>.] <def>One skilled in pathology; an investigator
in pathology; as, the <i>pathologist</i> of a hospital, whose duty it
is to determine the causes of the diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*thol"o*gy</hw> (-j&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Pathologies</b></plw> (-j&ibreve;z). [Gr.
<grk>pa`qos</grk> a suffering, disease + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F.
<i>pathologie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The science which treats of
diseases, their nature, causes, progress, symptoms, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Pathology</i> is <i>general</i> or <i>special</i>,
according as it treats of disease or morbid processes in general, or
of particular diseases; it is also subdivided into <i>internal</i> and
<i>external</i>, or <i>medical</i> and <i>surgical</i> pathology. Its
departments are <i>nosology</i>, <i>&aelig;tiology</i>, <i>morbid
anatomy</i>, <i>symptomatology</i>, and <i>therapeutics</i>, which
treat respectively of the classification, causation, organic changes,
symptoms, and cure of diseases.</p>

<p><col><b>Celluar pathology</b></col>, <cd>a theory that gives
prominence to the vital action of cells in the healthy and diseased
function of the body.</cd>  <i>Virchow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Path`o*p&oelig;"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ias</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?;; &?; passion + &?; to
make.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A speech, or figure of speech, designed to
move the passion.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"thos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
<grk>pa`qos</grk> a suffering, passion, fr. &?;, &?;, to suffer; cf.
&?; toil, L. <i>pati</i> to suffer, E. <i>patient</i>.] <def>That
quality or property of anything which touches the feelings or excites
emotions and passions, esp., that which awakens tender emotions, such
as pity, sorrow, and the like; contagious warmth of feeling, action,
or expression; pathetic quality; as, the <i>pathos</i> of a picture,
of a poem, or of a cry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The combination of incident, and the <i>pathos</i> of
catastrophe.</blockquote> <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Path"way</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A footpath; a
beaten track; any path or course. Also used figuratively.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the way of righteousness is life; and in the
<i>pathway</i> thereof is no death.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xii.
28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We tread the <i>pathway</i> arm in arm.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pat"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>patibilis</i>,
fr. <i>pati</i> to suffer.] <def>Sufferable; tolerable;
endurable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*tib"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>patibulum</i> a gallows: cf. F. <i>patibulaire</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the gallows, or to execution.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*tib"u*la`ted</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hanged on a
gallows.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa"tience</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>patience</i>,
fr. L. <i>patientia</i>. See <u>Patient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being patient; the power of suffering
with fortitude; uncomplaining endurance of evils or wrongs, as toil,
pain, poverty, insult, oppression, calamity, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strenthened with all might, . . . unto all
<i>patience</i> and long-suffering.</blockquote> <i>Col. i.
11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I must have <i>patience</i> to endure the
load.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who hath learned lowliness<BR>
From his Lord's cradle, <i>patience</i> from his cross.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or power of calmly or contentedly
waiting for something due or hoped for; forbearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have <i>patience</i> with me, and I will pay thee
all.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xviii. 29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Constancy in labor or application;
perseverance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He learned with <i>patience</i>, and with meekness
taught.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sufferance; permission.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They stay upon your <i>patience</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of dock (<i>Rumex
Patientia</i>), less common in America than in Europe; monk's
rhubarb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>Solitaire.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Patience</u>, <u>Resignation</u>.
<i>Patience</i> implies the quietness or self-possession of one's own
spirit under sufferings, provocations, etc.; <i>resignation</i>
implies submission to the will of another. The Stoic may have
<i>patience</i>; the Christian should have both <i>patience</i> and
<i>resignation</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Pa"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>patiens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>pati</i> to suffer.  Cf.
<u>Pathos</u>, <u>Passion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the
quality of enduring; physically able to suffer or bear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Patient</i> of severest toil and
hardship.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Undergoing pains, trails, or the like,
without murmuring or fretfulness; bearing up with equanimity against
trouble; long-suffering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Constant in pursuit or exertion;
persevering; calmly diligent; as, <i>patient</i> endeavor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever I have done is due to <i>patient</i>
thought.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Expectant with calmness, or without
discontent; not hasty; not overeager; composed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>patient</i> to expect the turns of
fate.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Forbearing; long-suffering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be <i>patient</i> toward all men.</blockquote> <i>1
Thess. v. 14.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tient</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>ONe
who, or that which, is passively affected; a passive
recipient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Malice is a passion so impetuous and precipitate that
often involves the agent and the <i>patient</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gov.
of Tongue.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person under medical or surgical
treatment; -- correlative to <i>physician</i> or
<i>nurse</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a physician, . . . seeing his <i>patient</i> in a
pestilent fever.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In patient</b></col>, <cd>a patient who receives lodging
and food, as treatment, in a hospital or an infirmary.</cd> --
<col><b>Out patient</b></col>, <cd>one who receives advice and
medicine, or treatment, from an infirmary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tient</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To compose, to
calm.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Patient</i> yourself, madam."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tient*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a patient
manner.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pat"in</hw> (?), <hw>Pat"ine</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A plate. See <u>Paten</u>.</def> "Inlaid with <i>patines</i> of
bright gold."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ina</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>patina</i> a dish, a pan, a kind of cake.  Cf. <u>Paten</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dish or plate of metal or earthenware; a
patella.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The color or
incrustation which age gives to works of art; especially, the green
rust which covers ancient bronzes, coins, and medals.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pa"ti*o</hw> (p&auml;"t&esl;*&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Sp., a court] <i>(Metal)</i> <def>A paved yard or floor where ores
are cleaned and sorted, or where ore, salt, mercury, etc., are
trampled by horses, to effect intermixture and amalgamation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>patio process</i> is used to reduce silver ores by
amalgamation.</p>

<p><hw>Pat"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Fitly;
seasonably.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fitness or
appropriateness; striking suitableness; convenience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The description with equal <i>patness</i> may suit
both.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa`tois"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A dialect
peculiar to the illiterate classes; a provincial form of
speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The jargon and <i>patois</i> of several
provinces.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*tonce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>patte
d'once</i> paw of an ounce.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having the arms
growing broader and floriated toward the end; -- said of a cross. See
<i>Illust.</i> 9 of <u>Cross</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>patria</i>
fatherland, country, fr. <i>pater</i> father.] <i>(Lat. Gram.)</i>
<def>Derived from the name of a country, and designating an inhabitant
of the country; gentile; -- said of a noun.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A patrial noun. Thus <i>Romanus</i>, a
Roman, and <i>Troas</i>, a woman of Troy, are <i>patrial</i> nouns, or
<i>patrials</i>.</def>  <i>Andrews.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tri*arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>patriarche</i>, L. <i>patriarcha</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; lineage,
especially on the father's side, race; &?; father + &?; a leader,
chief, fr. &?; to lead, rule. See <u>Father</u>, <u>Archaic</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The father and ruler of a family; one who
governs his family or descendants by paternal right; -- usually
applied to heads of families in ancient history, especially in
Biblical and Jewish history to those who lived before the time of
Moses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch. &amp; Gr. Ch.)</i> <def>A dignitary
superior to the order of archbishops; as, the <i>patriarch</i> of
Constantinople, of Alexandria, or of Antioch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A venerable old man; an elder. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>patriarch</i> hoary, the sage of his kith and
the hamlet.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The monarch oak, the <i>partiarch</i> of
trees.</blockquote> <i>Dryde.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa`tri*ar"chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>patriarcal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
patriarch or to patriarchs; possessed by, or subject to, patriarchs;
as, <i>patriarchal</i> authority or jurisdiction; a <i>patriarchal</i>
see; a <i>patriarchal</i> church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of a patriarch;
venerable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>About whose <i>patriarchal</i> knee<BR>
Late the little children clung.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Having an organization of
society and government in which the head of the family exercises
authority over all its generations.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Patriarchal cross</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>a cross, the
shaft of which is intersected by two transverse beams, the upper one
being the smaller. See <i>Illust.</i> (2) of <u>Cross</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Patriarchal dispensation</b></col>, <cd>the divine
dispensation under which the patriarchs lived before the law given by
Moses.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1052 !></p>

<p><hw>Pa`tri*ar"chate</hw> (p>amac/`tr&ibreve;*&auml;r"k&asl;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>patriarcat</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The office, dignity, or jurisdiction of a patriarch.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The residence of an ecclesiastic
patriarch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A patriarchal form of
government or society. See <u>Patriarchal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tri*arch*dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or jurisdiction of a patriarch; patriarchate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa`tri*ar"chic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>patriarchicus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Patriarchal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tri*arch*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Government
by a patriarch, or the head of a family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tri*arch*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
patriarchate.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tri*arch`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The jurisdiction of a patriarch;
patriarchship.</def>  <i>Brerewood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Government by a patriarch;
patriarchism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*tri"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>patricius</i>, fr. <i>patres</i> fathers or senators, pl. of
<i>pater</i>: cf. F. <i>patricien</i>. See <u>Paternal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Roman <i>patres</i> (fathers) or senators, or patricians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or appropriate to, a
person of high birth; noble; not plebeian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Born in the <i>patrician</i> file of
society.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His horse's hoofs wet with <i>patrician</i>
blood.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*tri"cian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>patricius</i>:
cf. F. <i>patricien</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>
<def>Originally, a member of any of the families constituting the
<i>populus Romanus</i>, or body of Roman citizens, before the
development of the plebeian order; later, one who, by right of birth
or by special privilege conferred, belonged to the nobility.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person of high birth; a
nobleman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One familiar with the works of the
Christian Fathers; one versed in patristic lore.</def> [R.]
<i>Colridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*tri"cian*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rank or
character of patricians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*tri"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The patrician
class; the aristocracy; also, the office of patriarch.</def>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pat*ri"ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to patricide; parricidal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat*ri"cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pater</i>
father + <i>caedere</i> to kill.  Cf. <u>Parricide</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The murderer of his father.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The crime of one who murders his father.
Same as <u>Parricide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat`ri*mo"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>patrimonialis</i>: cf. F. <i>patrimonial</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a patrimony; inherited from ancestors; as, a
<i>patrimonial</i> estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat`ri*mo"ni*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
inheritance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ri*mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Patrimonies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>patrimonium</i>, fr.
<i>pater</i> father: cf. F. <i>patrimoine</i>. See <u>Paternal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A right or estate inherited from one's father;
or, in a larger sense, from any ancestor.</def> "'Reave the orphan of
his <i>patrimony</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, a church estate or
endowment.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tri*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>patriote</i>;
cf. Sp. <i>patriota</i>, It. <i>patriotto</i>; all fr. Gr. &?; a
fellow-countryman, fr. &?; established by forefathers, fr. &?; father.
See <u>Father</u>.] <def>One who loves his country, and zealously
supports its authority and interests.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such tears as <i>patriots</i> shaed for dying
laws.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tri*ot</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming to a
patriot; patriotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`tri*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>patriotique</i>, Gr. &?; belonging to a fellow-countryman.]
<def>Inspired by patriotism; actuated by love of one's country;
zealously and unselfishly devoted to the service of one's country; as,
a <i>patriotic</i> statesman, vigilance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`tri*ot"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Patriotic;
that pertains to a patriot.</def> -- <wf>Pa`tri*ot"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tri*ot*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>patriotisme</i>.] <def>Love of country; devotion to the welfare of
one's country; the virtues and actions of a patriot; the passion which
inspires one to serve one's country.</def>  <i>Berkley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa`tri*pas"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>Patripassiani</i>, pl.; L. <i>pater</i> father + <i>pati</i>,
<i>passus</i>, to suffer: cf. F. <i>patripassiens</i>.] <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of a body of believers in the early church who
denied the independent pre&euml;xistent personality of Christ, and
who, accordingly, held that the Father suffered in the Son; a
monarchian.</def> -- <wf>Pa`tri*pas"sian*ism</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pa"trist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
patristics.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa*tris"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Pa*tris"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>patristique</i>. See <u>Paternal</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the Fathers of the Christian
church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The voluminous editor of Jerome anf of tons of
<i>patristic</i> theology.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*tris"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
departnent of historical theology which treats of the lives and
doctrines of the Fathers of the church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tri*zate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>patrissare</i>, <i>patrizare</i>;cf. Gr. &?;.] <def>To imitate
one's father.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*troc"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>patrocinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>patrocinari</i> to patronize, fr.
<i>patronus</i> patron.] <def>To support; to patronize.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*troc`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of patrocinating or patronizing.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Patrocinations</i>
of treason."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*troc"i*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>patrocinium</i>.] [Obs.] <def>See <u>Patrocination</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*trol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Patrolled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Patrolling</u>.] [F. <i>patrouiller</i>, O. &amp; Prov. F.
<i>patrouiller</i> to paddle, paw about, patrol, fr. <i>patte</i> a
paw; cf. D. <i>poot</i> paw, G. <i>pfote</i>, and E. <i>pat</i>, v.]
<def>To go the rounds along a chain of sentinels; to traverse a police
district or beat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*trol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v.</i></pos><def>t To go the rounds
of, as a sentry, guard, or policeman; as, to <i>patrol</i> a frontier;
to <i>patrol</i> a beat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*trol"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>patrouille</i>, OF.
<i>patouille</i>. See <u>Patrol</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A going of
the rounds along the chain of sentinels and between the posts, by a
guard, usually consisting of three or four men, to insure greater
security from attacks on the outposts.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A movement, by a small body of troops beyond the line of
outposts, to explore the country and gain intelligence of the enemy's
whereabouts.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The guard or men who go
the rounds for observation; a detachment whose duty it is to
patrol.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any perambulation of a particular line or
district to guard it; also, the men thus guarding; as, a customs
<i>patrol</i>; a fire <i>patrol</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In France there is an army of <i>patrols</i> to secure
her fiscal regulations.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*trole"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Patrol</u>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*trol"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Patrolmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who patrols; a watchman;
especially, a policeman who patrols a particular precinct of a town or
city.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>patronus</i>, fr. <i>pater</i> a father. See <u>Paternal</u>, and
cf. <u>Patroon</u>, <u>Padrone</u>, <u>Pattern</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who protects, supports, or countenances; a
defender.</def> "<i>Patron</i> of my life and liberty." <i>Shak.</i>
"The <i>patron</i> of true holiness." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
master who had freed his slave, but still retained some paternal
rights over him.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A man of distinction
under whose protection another person placed himself.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An advocate or pleader.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him who works the client wrong<BR>
Beware the <i>patron</i>'s ire.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who encourages or helps a person, a
cause, or a work; a furtherer; a promoter; as, a <i>patron</i> of
art.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <def>One who has gift and
disposition of a benefice.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A guardian saint. -- called also <i>patron
saint</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <u>Padrone</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Patrons of Husbandry</b></col>, <cd>the grangers. See
<u>Granger</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tron</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be a patron of;
to patronize; to favor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tron</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Doing the duty of a
patron; giving aid or protection; tutelary.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Patron saint</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>a saint
regarded as the peculiar protector of a country, community, church,
profession, etc., or of an individual.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tron*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>patronage</i>.  Cf. LL. <i>patronaticum</i>, and L.
<i>patronatus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Special countenance or
support; favor, encouragement, or aid, afforded to a person or a work;
as, the <i>patronage</i> of letters; <i>patronage</i> given to an
author.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Business custom.</def> [Commercial
Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Guardianship, as of a saint; tutelary
care.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The right of nomination to political
office; also, the offices, contracts, honors, etc., which a public
officer may bestow by favor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The right of presentation
to church or ecclesiastical benefice; advowson.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tron*age</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act as a
patron of; to maintain; to defend.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tron*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>patronalis</i>; cf. F. <i>patronal</i>.] <def>Patron; protecting;
favoring.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tron*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>patronatus</i>.] <def>The right or duty of a patron;
patronage.</def> [R.]  <i>Westm. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tron*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>patronnesse</i>.] <def>A female patron or helper.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Night, best <i>patroness</i> of grief.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa`tron*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of patronizing; patronage; support.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa"tron*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Patronized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Patronizing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To act
as patron toward; to support; to countenance; to favor; to
aid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The idea has been <i>patronized</i> by two States
only.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To trade with customarily; to frequent as a
customer.</def> [Commercial Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assume the air of a patron, or of a
superior and protector, toward; -- used in an unfavorable sense; as,
to <i>patronize</i> one's equals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tron*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
patronizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tron*i`zing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showing
condescending favor; assuming the manner of airs of a superior toward
another.</def> -- <wf>Pat"ron*i`zing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<pos><i>Thackeray.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tron*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
patron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`tro*nom`a*yol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, a father + E. <i>onomatology</i>.] <def>That branch of knowledge
which deals with personal names and their origin; the study of
patronymics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`tro*nym"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>patronymicus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; father + &?; name: cf. F.
<i>patronymique</i>.] <def>Derived from ancestors; as, a
<i>patronymic</i> denomination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa`tro*nym"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>A
modification of the father's name borne by the son; a name derived
from that of a parent or ancestor; as, <i>Pelides</i>, the son of
Peleus; <i>Johnson</i>, the son of John; <i>Macdonald</i>, the son of
Donald; <i>Paulowitz</i>, the son of Paul; also, the surname of a
family; the family name.</def>  <i>M. A. Lower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa`tro*nym"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Patronymic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*troon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>patroon</i> a
patron, a protector. See <u>Patron</u>.] <def>One of the proprietors
of certain tracts of land with manorial privileges and right of
entail, under the old Dutch governments of New York and New
Jersey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*troon"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
patroon.</def>  <i>Irving.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Pat`t&eacute;"</hw> (?), <hw>Pat*tee"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>patt&eacute;</i>, fem.
<i>patt&eacute;e</i>, fr. <i>patte</i> paw, foot.  Cf. <u>Patten</u>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Narrow at the inner, and very broad at the other,
end, or having its arms of that shape; -- said of a cross. See
<i>Illust.</i> (8) of <u>Cross</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>pat&eacute;</i>, <i>patee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pat"te*mar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Patamar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>patin</i> a high-
heeled shoe, fr. <i>patte</i> paw, foot.  Cf. <u>Panton</u>,
<u>Patt&eacute;</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A clog or sole of wood,
usually supported by an iron ring, worn to raise the feet from the wet
or the mud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>patten</i> now supports each frugal
dame.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stilt.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ten*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing
pattens.</def> "Some <i>pattened</i> girl."  <i>Jane Austen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pattered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pattering</u>.] [Freq. of <i>pat</i> to strike gently.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with a quick succession of slight,
sharp sounds; as, <i>pattering</i> rain or hail; <i>pattering</i>
feet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stealing shower is scarce to <i>patter</i>
heard.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mutter; to mumble; as, to <i>patter</i>
with the lips.</def> <i>Tyndale.</i> [In this sense, and in the
following, perh. from <i>pater</i>noster.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To talk glibly; to chatter; to
harangue.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I've gone out and <i>pattered</i> to get
money.</blockquote> <i>Mayhew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To spatter; to sprinkle.</def> [R.] "And <i>patter</i> the water
about the boat."  <i>J. R. Drake.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <u>Patter</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 2.]
<def>To mutter; as prayers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The hooded clouds] <i>patter</i> their doleful
prayers.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To patter flash</b></col>, <cd>to talk in thieves'
cant.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Pat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
quick succession of slight sounds; as, the <i>patter</i> of rain; the
<i>patter</i> of little feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Glib and rapid speech; a voluble
harangue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The cant of a class; patois; as, thieves's
<i>patter</i>; gypsies' <i>patter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who patters,
or talks glibly; specifically, a street peddler.</def> [Cant,
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pat"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>patron</i>, F.
<i>patron</i>, a patron, also, a pattern. See <u>Patron</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything proposed for imitation; an archetype;
an exemplar; that which is to be, or is worthy to be, copied or
imitated; as, a <i>pattern</i> of a machine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will be the <i>pattern</i> of all
patience.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part showing the figure or quality of the
whole; a specimen; a sample; an example; an instance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He compares the <i>pattern</i> with the whole
piece.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Stuff sufficient for a garment; as, a dress
<i>pattern</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Figure or style of decoration; design; as,
wall paper of a beautiful <i>pattern</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Something made after a model; a copy.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>patterns</i> of things in the
heavens.</blockquote> <i>Heb. ix. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Anything cut or formed to serve as a guide
to cutting or forming objects; as, a dressmaker's
<i>pattern</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A full-sized model around
which a mold of sand is made, to receive the melted metal. It is
usually made of wood and in several parts, so as to be removed from
the mold without injuring it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pattern box</b></col>, <col><b>chain</b></col>, or
<col><b>cylinder</b></col> <i>(Figure Weaving)</i>, <cd>devices, in a
loom, for presenting several shuttles to the picker in the proper
succession for forming the figure.</cd> -- <col><b>Pattern
card</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A set of samples on a
card</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Weaving)</i> <cd>One of the
perforated cards in a Jacquard apparatus.</cd> -- <col><b>Pattern
reader</b></col>, <cd>one who arranges textile patterns.</cd> --
<col><b>Pattern wheel</b></col> <i>(Horology)</i>, <cd>a count-
wheel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pat"tern</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Patterned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Patterning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make or design
(anything) by, from, or after, something that serves as a pattern; to
copy; to model; to imitate.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[A temple] <i>patterned</i> from that which Adam reared
in Paradise.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To serve as an example for; also, to
parallel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To pattern after</b></col>, <cd>to imitate; to
follow.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Patties</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>p&acirc;t&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Pasty</u>.] <def>A little pie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ty*pan`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A pan for baking patties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A patty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pat"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>patulus</i>,
fr. <i>patere</i> to be open, extend.] <def>Open; expanded; slightly
spreading; having the parts loose or dispersed; as, a <i>patulous</i>
calyx; a <i>patulous</i> cluster of flowers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The eyes are large and <i>patulous</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Hill.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pau</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pau*cil"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uttering
few words; brief in speech.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pau*cil"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pauciloquium</i>; <i>paucus</i> little + <i>loqui</i> to speak.]
<def>Brevity in speech.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pau`ci*spi"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>paucus</i>
few + E. <i>spiral</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having few spirals,
or whorls; as, a <i>paucispiral</i> operculum or shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pau"ci*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>paucitas</i>,
fr. <i>paucus</i> few, little: cf. F. <i>paucit&eacute;</i> See
<u>Few</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fewness; smallness of number;
scarcity.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Revelation denies it by the stern reserve, the
<i>paucity</i>, and the incompleteness, of its
communications.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Smallnes of quantity; exiguity;
insufficiency; as, <i>paucity</i> of blood.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pau"gie</hw>, <hw>Pau"gy</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Paugies</b></plw> (#). [Corrupted from Amer. Indian
<i>mishcuppauog</i>. See <u>Scup</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
scup. See <u>Porgy</u>, and <u>Scup</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pau*hau"gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [North Amer.
Indian.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The menhaden; -- called also
<i>poghaden</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Paul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pawl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Paul</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Italian silver coin.
See <u>Paolo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Paul"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Powldron</u>.]
<i>(Mil. Antiq.)</i> <def>A piece of armor covering the shoulder at
the junction of the body piece and arm piece.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pau"li*an</hw> (?), <hw>Pau"li*an*ist</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of
<i>Paul</i> of Samosata, a bishop of Antioch in the third century, who
was deposed for denying the divinity of Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pau"li*cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect of Christian dualists
originating in Armenia in the seventh century. They rejected the Old
Testament and the part of the New.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1053 !></p>

<p><hw>Pau"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Tarpaulin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pau"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Paulinus</i>,
fr. <i>Paulus</i> Paul.] <def>Of or pertaining to the apostle Paul, or
his writings; resembling, or conforming to, the writings of Paul; as,
the <i>Pauline</i> epistles; <i>Pauline</i> doctrine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My religion had always been
<i>Pauline</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paul"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>A member of The Institute of the Missionary Priests of St. Paul
the Apostle, founded in 1858 by the Rev. I. T. Hecker of New York. The
majority of the members were formerly Protestants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pau*low"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named
from the Russian princess Anna <i>Pavlovna</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of trees of the order <i>Scrophulariace&aelig;</i>, consisting
of one species, <i>Paulownia imperialis</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The tree is native to Japan, and has immense heart-shaped
leaves, and large purplish flowers in panicles. The capsules contain
many little winged seeds, which are beautiful microscopic objects. The
tree is hardy in America as far north as Connecticut.</p>

<p><hw>Paum</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See <u>Palm</u> to
cheat.] <def>To palm off by fraud; to cheat at cards.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paunce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pansy</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The pansy.</def> "The pretty <i>paunce</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paunch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>panch</i>,
<i>pance</i>, F. <i>panse</i>, L. <i>pantex</i>, <i>panticis</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The belly and its contents; the
abdomen; also, the first stomach, or rumen, of ruminants. See
<u>Rumen</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A paunch mat; -- called also
<i>panch</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The thickened rim of a bell, struck by the
clapper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Paunch mat</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a thick mat made
of strands of rope, used to prevent the yard or rigging from
chafing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Paunch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paunched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paunching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pierce or rip the belly
of; to eviscerate; to disembowel.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stuff with food.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paunch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pot-bellied.</def>
[R.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paune</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of bread. See
<u>Pone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pau"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Poor</u>.]
<def>A poor person; especially, one development on private or public
charity. Also used adjectively; as, <i>pouper</i> immigrants,
<i>pouper</i> labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pau"per*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>paup&eacute;risme</i>.] <def>The state of being a pauper; the state
of indigent persons requiring support from the community.</def>
<i>Whatly.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Poverty; indigence; penury; want; need; destitution.
See <u>Poverty</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pau`per*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of reducing to pauperism.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pau"per*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pauperized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Pauperizing</u> (?).] <def>To reduce to pauperism; as,
to <i>pauperize</i> the peasantry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pau*rop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; small + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
small myriapods having only nine pairs of legs and destitute of
trache&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pause</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>pausa</i>.
See <u>Pose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A temporary stop or rest; an
intermission of action; interruption; suspension; cessation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Temporary inaction or waiting; hesitation;
suspence; doubt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I stand in <i>pause</i> where I shall first
begin.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In speaking or reading aloud, a brief
arrest or suspension of voice, to indicate the limits and relations of
sentences and their parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In writing and printing, a mark indicating
the place and nature of an arrest of voice in reading; a punctuation
point; as, teach the pupil to mind the <i>pauses</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A break or paragraph in writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He writes with warmth, which usually neglects method,
and those partitions and <i>pauses</i> which men educated in schools
observe.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A hold. See 4th <u>Hold</u>,
7.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stop; cessation; suspension.</p>

<p><hw>Pause</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pausing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>pauser</i>, L. <i>pausare</i>. See
<u>Pause</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Pose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a short stop; to cease for a time; to intermit speaking
or acting; to stop; to wait; to rest.</def> "Tarry, <i>pause</i> a day
or two."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pausing</i> while, thus to herself she
mused.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be intermitted; to cease; as, the music
<i>pauses</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hesitate; to hold back; to delay.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Why doth the Jew <i>pause</i>? Take thy
forfeiture.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stop in order to consider; hence, to
consider; to reflect.</def> [R.] "Take time to <i>pause</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To pause upon</b></col>, <cd>to deliberate concerning.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To intermit; stop; stay; wait; delay; tarry;
hesitate; demur.</p>

<p><hw>Pause</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to stop or
rest; -- used reflexively.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paus"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pauses.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paus"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With pauses;
haltingly.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Paux"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name:
cf. Sp. <i>pauji</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A curassow (<i>Ourax
pauxi</i>), which, in South America, is often domesticated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pav"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pavage</i>.]
<def>See <u>Pavage</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pav"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pavane</i>; cf.
It. &amp; Sp. <i>pavana</i>, and Sp. <i>pavon</i>, <i>pavo</i>, a peacock,
L. <i>pavo</i>.] <def>A stately and formal Spanish dance for which
full state costume is worn; -- so called from the resemblance of its
movements to those of the peacock.</def> [Written also <i>pavane</i>,
<i>paven</i>, <i>pavian</i>, and <i>pavin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pa`v&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from
<i>paver</i> to pave. See <u>Pave</u>.] <def>The pavement.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Nymphe du pav&eacute;</b></col> (&?;), <cd>a prostitute
who solicits in the street.</cd> [A low euphemism.]</p>

<p><hw>Pave</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paving</u>.] [F. <i>paver</i> to pave, LL. <i>pavare</i>, from L.
<i>pavire</i> to beat, ram, or tread down; cf. Gr. &?; to beat,
strike.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay or cover with stone, brick, or
other material, so as to make a firm, level, or convenient surface for
horses, carriages, or persons on foot, to travel on; to floor with
brick, stone, or other solid material; as, to <i>pave</i> a street; to
<i>pave</i> a court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With silver <i>paved</i>, and all divine with
gold.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>pave</i> thy realm, and smooth the broken
ways.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To make smooth, easy, and safe; to
prepare, as a path or way; as, to <i>pave</i> the way to promotion; to
<i>pave</i> the way for an enterprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It might open and <i>pave</i> a prepared way to his own
title.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pave"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>pavamentum</i>, L. <i>pavimentum</i>. See <u>Pave</u>.] <def>That
with which anythingis paved; a floor or covering of solid material,
laid so as to make a hard and convenient surface for travel; a paved
road or sidewalk; a decorative interior floor of tiles or colored
bricks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The riches of heaven's <i>pavement</i>, trodden
gold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pavement teeth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>flattened
teeth which in certain fishes, as the skates and cestracionts, are
arranged side by side, like tiles in a pavement.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pave"ment</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with a
pavement; to pave.</def> [Obs.] "How richly <i>pavemented</i>!"
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pav"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pavan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who paves; one
who lays a pavement.</def> [Written also <i>pavier</i> and
<i>pavior</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pav`e*sade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Pavise</u>.] <def>A canvas screen, formerly sometimes extended
along the side of a vessel in a naval engagement, to conceal from the
enemy the operations on board.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa*vese"</hw> (?), <hw>Pa*vesse"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pavise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa"vi*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
contribution or a tax for paving streets or highways.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pav"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
Pavan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pav"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. pavidus, from pavere
to be afraid.] <def>Timid; fearful.</def> [R.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*vid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Timidity.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pav"ier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A paver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"vi*in</hw> (p&amacr;"v&ibreve;*&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside found in species
of the genus <i>Pavia</i> of the Horse-chestnut family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*vil"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pavillon</i>,
fr. L. <i>pavilio</i> a butterfly, also, a tent, because spread out
like a butterfly's wings.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A temporary movable
habitation; a large tent; a marquee; esp., a tent raised on
posts.</def> "[The] Greeks do pitch their brave <i>pavilions</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A single body or mass of
building, contained within simple walls and a single roof, whether
insulated, as in the park or garden of a larger edifice, or united
with other parts, and forming an angle or central feature of a large
pile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A flag, colors, ensign, or
banner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Tent</u>
<i>(Her.)</i></def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That part of a brilliant which lies between
the girdle and collet. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Brilliant</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The auricle of the ear;
also, the fimbriated extremity of the Fallopian tube.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A covering; a canopy; figuratively, the
sky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pavilion</i> of heaven is bare.</blockquote>
<i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*vil"ion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pavilioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pavilioning</u>.] <def>To furnish or cover with, or shelter in, a
tent or tents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The field <i>pavilioned</i> with his guardians
bright.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pav"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pavan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pav"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of laying a pavement, or covering some place
with a pavement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pavement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pav"ior</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who paves; a paver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rammer for driving paving
stones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A brick or slab used for paving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*vise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pavaix</i>, F.
<i>pavois</i>; cf. It. <i>pavese</i>, LL. <i>pavense</i>; perh. named
from <i>Pavia</i> in Italy.] <i>(Mil. Antiq.)</i> <def>A large shield
covering the whole body, carried by a pavisor, who sometimes screened
also an archer with it.</def> [Written also <i>pavais</i>,
<i>pavese</i>, and <i>pavesse</i>.]  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*vis"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil. Antiq.)</i>
<def>A soldier who carried a pavise.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa"vo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a peacock. See
<u>Peacock</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus
of birds, including the peacocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The Peacock, a
constellation of the southern hemisphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"von</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small triangular
flag, esp. one attached to a knight's lance; a pennon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*vone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>pavone</i>,
Sp. <i>pavon</i>, fr. L. <i>pavo</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
peacock.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*vo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a peacock.</def> [R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pav"o*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pavoninus</i>,
fr. <i>pavo</i> a peacock. See <u>Peacock</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or pertaining to, the genus
Pavo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of a peacock; resembling the
tail of a peacock, as in colors; iridescent.</def>  <i>P.
Cleaveland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paw</hw> (p&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pawe</i>,
<i>poue</i>, OF. <i>poe</i>: cf. <i>patte</i>, LG. <i>pote</i>, D.
<i>poot</i>, G. <i>pfote</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The foot of a
quadruped having claws, as the lion, dog, cat, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The hand.</def> [Jocose]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Paw clam</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the tridacna; -
- so called because shaped like an animal's <i>paw</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Paw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To draw the forefoot
along the ground; to beat or scrape with the forefoot.</def>  <i>Job
xxxix. 21.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paw</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pawed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pawing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass the paw over; to
stroke or handle with the paws; hence, to handle fondly or
rudely.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To scrape or beat with the
forefoot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His hot courser <i>pawed</i> the Hungarian
plane.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pawk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small lobster.</def>  <i>Travis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Paw"ky</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>p&aelig;cean</i> to deceive.] <def>Arch; cunning; sly.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>pawl</i> a pole, a
stake.  Cf. <u>Pole</u> a stake.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A pivoted
tongue, or sliding bolt, on one part of a machine, adapted to fall
into notches, or interdental spaces, on another part, as a ratchet
wheel, in such a manner as to permit motion in one direction and
prevent it in the reverse, as in a windlass; a catch, click, or
detent. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ratchet Wheel</u>.</def> [Written
also <i>paul</i>, or <i>pall</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Pawl bitt</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a heavy timber, set
abaft the windlass, to receive the strain of the pawls.</cd> --
<col><b>Pawl rim</b></col> or <col><b>ring</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a stationary metallic ring surrounding the base of a capstan,
having notches for the pawls to catch in.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pawl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stop with a pawl; to
drop the pawls off.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To pawl the capstan</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Capstan</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pawn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Pan</u>, the
masticatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pawn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>paune</i>, <i>poun</i>,
OF. <i>peon</i>, <i>poon</i>, F. <i>pion</i>, LL. <i>pedo</i> a foot
soldier, fr. L. <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot. See <u>Foot</u>, and
cf. <u>Pioneer</u>, <u>Peon</u>.] <i>(Chess)</i> <def>A man or piece
of the lowest rank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pawn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pan</i> pledge,
assurance, skirt, piece, F. <i>pan</i> skirt, lappet, piece, from L.
<i>pannus</i>. See <u>Pane</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything
delivered or deposited as security, as for the payment of money
borrowed, or of a debt; a pledge. See <u>Pledge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As for mortgaging or pawning, . . . men will not take
<i>pawns</i> without use [<i>i. e.</i>, interest].</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State of being pledged; a pledge for the
fulfillment of a promise.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Redeem from broking <i>pawn</i> the blemish'd
crown.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As the morning dew is a <i>pawn</i> of the evening
fatness.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stake hazarded in a wager.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>My life I never held but as a <i>pawn</i><BR>
To wage against thy enemies.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In pawn</b></col>, <col><b>At pawn</b></col>, <cd>in the
state of being pledged.</cd> "Sweet wife, my honor is <i>at pawn</i>."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Pawn ticket</b></col>, <cd>a receipt given by
the pawnbroker for an article pledged.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pawn</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pawned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pawning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give or deposit in pledge,
or as security for the payment of money borrowed; to put in pawn; to
pledge; as, to <i>pawn</i> one's watch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>pawned</i> the last remaining piece of
plate.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pledge for the fulfillment of a promise;
to stake; to risk; to wager; to hazard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pawning</i> his honor to obtain his
lust.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pawna*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
pawned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pawn"bro`ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
a business of lending money on the security of personal property
pledged or deposited in his keeping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pawn"bro`king</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of a
pawnbroker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pawn*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One
or two whom a pledge is delivered as security; one who takes anything
in pawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Paw`nees"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Pawnee</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians (called also <i>Loups</i>) who formerly occupied the region of
the Platte river, but now live mostly in the Indian Territory. The
term is often used in a wider sense to include also the related tribes
of Rickarees and Wichitas. Called also <i>Pani</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pawn"er</hw> (?), <hw>Pawn*or"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who pawns or pledges
anything as security for the payment of borrowed money or of a
debt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Paw`paw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Papaw</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pax</i> peace. See
<u>Peace</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The kiss of
peace; also, the embrace in the sanctuary now substituted for it at
High Mass in Roman Catholic churches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A tablet or board, on
which is a representation of Christ, of the Virgin Mary, or of some
saint and which, in the Mass, was kissed by the priest and then by the
people, in medi&aelig;val times; an osculatory. It is still used in
communities, confraternities, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kiss the <i>pax</i>, and be quiet like your
neighbors.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pax"il*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>paxillus</i>
a small stake.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Resembling a little
stake.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pax*il"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Paxilli</b></plw> (#). [L., a peg.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a peculiar kind of spines covering the surface of certain
starfishes. They are pillarlike, with a flattened summit which is
covered with minute spinules or granules. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pax"wax`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>faxvax</i>, fr.
AS. <i>fea&?;</i> hair (akin to OHG. <i>fahs</i>) + <i>weaxan</i> to
grow. See <u>Wax</u> to grow, and cf. <u>Faxed</u>, <u>Pectinate</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The strong ligament of the back of the neck in
quadrupeds. It connects the back of the skull with dorsal spines of
the cervical vertebr&aelig;, and helps to support the head. Called
also <i>paxywaxy</i> and <i>packwax</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pax"y*wax`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>See <u>Paxwax</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pay</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>peier</i>, fr. L.
<i>picare</i> to pitch, <i>i&?;</i> pitch: cf. OF. <i>peiz</i> pitch,
F. <i>poix</i>. See <u>Pitch</u> a black substance.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To cover, as bottom of a vessel, a seam, a spar, etc., with tar
or pitch, or waterproof composition of tallow, resin, etc.; to
smear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pay</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Paid</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Paying</u>.] [OE. <i>paien</i>, F. <i>payer</i>, fr. L.
<i>pacare</i> to pacify, appease, fr. <i>pax</i>, <i>pacis</i>, peace.
See <u>Peace</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To satisfy, or content;
specifically, to satisfy (another person) for service rendered,
property delivered, etc.; to discharge one's obligation to; to make
due return to; to compensate; to remunerate; to recompense; to
requite; as, to <i>pay</i> workmen or servants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>May no penny ale them <i>pay</i> [<i>i. e.</i>,
satisfy].</blockquote> <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[She] <i>pays</i> me with disdain.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively: To compensate justly;
to requite according to merit; to reward; to punish; to retort or
retaliate upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For which, or pay me quickly, or I'll <i>pay</i>
you.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To discharge, as a debt, demand, or
obligation, by giving or doing what is due or required; to deliver the
amount or value of to the person to whom it is owing; to discharge a
debt by delivering (money owed).</def> "<i>Pay</i> me that thou
owest."  <i>Matt. xviii. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Have patience with me, and I will <i>pay</i> thee
all.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xviii. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If they <i>pay</i> this tax, they starve.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To discharge or fulfill, as a duy; to
perform or render duty, as that which has been promised.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This day have I <i>paid</i> my vows.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. vii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To give or offer, without an implied
obligation; as, to <i>pay</i> attention; to <i>pay</i> a
visit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>paying</i> me a welcome.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To pay off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To make
compensation to and discharge; as, <i>to pay off</i> the crew of a
ship</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To allow (a thread, cord, etc.) to
run off; to unwind.</cd> -- <col><b>To pay one's duty</b></col>,
<cd>to render homage, as to a sovereign or other superior.</cd> --
<col><b>To pay out</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to pass out; hence,
to slacken; to allow to run out; as, <i>to pay out</i> more cable.
See under <u>Cable</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To pay the piper</b></col>,
<cd>to bear the cost, expense, or trouble.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 1054 !></p>

<p><hw>Pay</hw> (p&amacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give a
recompense; to make payment, requital, or satisfaction; to discharge a
debt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wicked borroweth, and <i>payeth</i> not
again.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxvii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to make or secure suitable return
for expense or trouble; to be remunerative or profitable; to be worth
the effort or pains required; as, it will <i>pay</i> to ride; it will
<i>pay</i> to wait; politeness always <i>pays</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To pay for</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To make
amends for; to atone for; as, men often <i>pay for</i> their mistakes
with loss of property or reputation, sometimes with life</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To give an equivalent for; to bear the expense
of; to be mulcted on account of.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>'T was I <i>paid for</i> your sleeps; I watched your
wakings.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To pay off</b></col>. [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To fall to leeward, as the head of a vessel under
sail.</cd> -- <col><b>To pay on</b></col>. [Etymol. uncertain.] <cd>To
beat with vigor; to redouble blows.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To pay
round</b></col> [Etymol. uncertain.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To turn the
ship's head.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Satisfaction; content.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An equivalent or return for money due,
goods purchased, or services performed; salary or wages for work or
service; compensation; recompense; payment; hire; as, the <i>pay</i>
of a clerk; the <i>pay</i> of a soldier.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where only merit constant <i>pay</i>
receives.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is neither <i>pay</i> nor plunder to be
got.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Full pay</b></col>, <cd>the whole amount of wages or
salary; maximum pay; especially, the highest pay or allowance to civil
or military officers of a certain rank, without deductions.</cd> --
<col><b>Half pay</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Half</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pay day</b></col>, <cd>the day of settlement of accounts.</cd>
-- <col><b>Pay dirt</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>earth which yields
a profit to the miner.</cd> [Western U.S.] -- <col><b>Pay
office</b></col>, <cd>a place where payment is made.</cd> --
<col><b>Pay roll</b></col>, <cd>a roll or list of persons entitled to
payment, with the amounts due.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pay"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>payable</i>.  Cf. <u>Pacable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
may, can, or should be paid; suitable to be paid; justly due.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thanks are a tribute <i>payable</i> by the
poorest.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That may
be discharged or settled by delivery of value.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Matured; now due.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pay*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The person to whom
money is to be, or has been, paid; the person named in a bill or note,
to whom, or to whose order, the amount is promised or directed to be
paid. See <i>Bill of exchange</i>, under <u>Bill</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pay"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Pagan.</def>
[F.] [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pay"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who pays;
specifically, the person by whom a bill or note has been, or should
be, paid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pay"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who pays;
one who compensates, rewards, or requites; specifically, an officer or
agent of a government, a corporation, or an employer, whose duty it is
to pay salaries, wages, etc., and keep account of the same.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pay"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>payment</i>,
<i>paiement</i>. See <u>Pay</u> to requite.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of paying, or giving compensation; the discharge of a
debt or an obligation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man envieth the <i>payment</i> of a
debt.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is paid; the thing given in
discharge of a debt, or an obligation, or in fulfillment of a promise;
reward; recompense; requital; return.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Punishment; chastisement.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Payn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. &amp; F. <i>pain</i>, fr.
L. <i>panis</i> bread.] <def>Bread. Having</def>  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Payn`de*main"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pain</i>
bread + <i>demaine</i> manorial, lordly, own, private. See
<u>Payn</u>, and <u>Demesne</u>. Said to be so called from the figure
of our Lord impressed upon it.] <def>The finest and whitest bread made
in the Middle Ages; -- called also <i>paynemain</i>,
<i>payman</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pay"nim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Painim</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Payn"ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From Mr.
<i>Payne</i>, the inventor.] <def>To treat or preserve, as wood, by a
process resembling kyanizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pay*or"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>See
<u>Payer</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Payse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To poise.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pay"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
alkaloid obtained from a white bark resembling that of the cinchona,
first brought from <i>Payta</i>, in Peru.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pea</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>peis</i>. See
<u>Poise</u>.] <def>The sliding weight on a steelyard.</def> [Written
also <i>pee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pea</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Peak</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pea</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Peas</b></plw> (#) or <plw><b>Pease</b></plw> (#). [OE.
<i>pese</i>, fr. AS. <i>pisa</i>, or OF. <i>peis</i>, F. <i>pois</i>;
both fr. L. <i>pisum</i>; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;. The final <i>s</i> was
misunderstood in English as a plural ending.  Cf. <u>Pease</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant, and its fruit, of the
genus <i>Pisum</i>, of many varieties, much cultivated for food. It
has a papilionaceous flower, and the pericarp is a legume, popularly
called a <i>pod</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When a definite number, more than one, is spoken of, the
plural form <i>peas</i> is used; as, the pod contained nine
<i>peas</i>; but, in a collective sense, the form <i>pease</i> is
preferred; as, a bushel of <i>pease</i>; they had <i>pease</i> at
dinner. This distinction is not always preserved, the form <i>peas</i>
being used in both senses.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A name given, especially in the Southern
States, to the seed of several leguminous plants (species of
<i>Dolichos</i>, <i>Cicer</i>, <i>Abrus</i>, etc.) esp. those having a
scar (<i>hilum</i>) of a different color from the rest of the
seed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name <i>pea</i> is given to many leguminous plants more
or less closely related to the common pea. See the Phrases, below.</p>

<p><col><b>Beach pea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a seashore plant,
<i>Lathyrus maritimus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Black-eyed pea</b></col>,
<cd>a West Indian name for <i>Dolichos sph&aelig;rospermus</i> and its
seed.</cd> -- <col><b>Butterfly pea</b></col>, <cd>the American plant
<i>Clitoria Mariana</i>, having showy blossoms.</cd> -- <col><b>Chick
pea</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Chick-pea</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Egyptian
pea</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Chick-pea</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Everlasting pea</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Everlasting</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Glory pea</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Glory</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Hoary
pea</b></col>, <cd>any plant of the genus <i>Tephrosia</i>; goat's
rue.</cd> -- <col><b>Issue pea</b></col>, <col><b>Orris pea</b></col>.
<i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Issue</u>, and <u>Orris</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Milk pea</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Milk</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pea berry</b></col>, <cd>a kind of a
coffee bean or grain which grows single, and is round or pea-shaped;
often used adjectively; as, <i>pea-berry</i> coffee.</cd> --
<col><b>Pea bug</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Pea
weevil</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pea coal</b></col>, <cd>a size of coal
smaller than nut coal.</cd> -- <col><b>Pea crab</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any small crab of the genus
<i>Pinnotheres</i>, living as a commensal in bivalves; esp., the
European species (<i>P. pisum</i>) which lives in the common mussel
and the cockle.</cd> -- <col><b>Pea dove</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the American ground dove.</cd> --
<col><b>Pea-flower tribe</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a suborder
(<i>Papilionace&aelig;</i>) of leguminous plants having blossoms
essentially like that of the pea.</cd> <i>G. Bentham.</i> --
<col><b>Pea maggot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of a
European moth (<i>Tortrix pisi</i>), which is very destructive to
peas.</cd> -- <col><b>Pea ore</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>argillaceous oxide of iron, occurring in round grains of a size of
a pea; pisolitic ore.</cd> -- <col><b>Pea starch</b></col>, <cd>the
starch or flour of the common pea, which is sometimes used in
adulterating wheat flour, pepper, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Pea
tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the name of several leguminous
shrubs of the genus <i>Caragana</i>, natives of Siberia and
China.</cd> -- <col><b>Pea vine</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any plant which bears peas</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of vetch or tare, common in the United
States (<i>Lathyrus Americana</i>, and other similar species).</cd> --
<col><b>Pea weevil</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small weevil
(<i>Bruchus pisi</i>) which destroys peas by eating out the
interior.</cd> -- <col><b>Pigeon pea</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Pigeon pea</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet pea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the annual plant <i>Lathyrus odoratus</i>; also, its many-colored,
sweet-scented blossoms.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pea"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The wryneck; -- so called from its note.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pea"bod*y bird`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American
sparrow (<i>Zonotrichia albicollis</i>) having a conspicuous white
throat. The name is imitative of its note. Called also <i>White-
throated sparrow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pees</i>,
<i>pais</i>, OF. pais, paiz, pes, F. <i>paix</i>, L. <i>pax</i>,
<i>pacis</i>, akin to <i>pacere</i>, <i>paciscere</i>, <i>pacisci</i>,
to make an agreement, and prob. also <i>pangere</i> to fasten.  Cf.
<u>Appease</u>, <u>Fair</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Fay</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Fang</u>, <u>Pacify</u>, <u>Pact</u>,
<u>Pay</u> to requite.] <def>A state of quiet or tranquillity; freedom
from disturbance or agitation; calm; repose</def>; specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Exemption from, or cessation of, war with
public enemies.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Public quiet, order,
and contentment in obedience to law.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Exemption from, or subjection of, agitating passions;
tranquillity of mind or conscience.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>Reconciliation; agreement after variance; harmony; concord.</def>
"The eternal love and <i>pees</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Peace</i> is sometimes used as an exclamation in
commanding silence, quiet, or order. "<i>Peace</i>! foolish woman."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At peace</b></col>, <cd>in a state of peace.</cd> --
<col><b>Breach of the peace</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Breach</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Justice of the peace</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Justice</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Peace of God</b></col>.
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A term used in wills,
indictments, etc., as denoting a state of peace and good conduct.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Theol.)</i> <cd>The peace of heart which is
the gift of God.</cd> -- <col><b>Peace offering</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <cd>A voluntary offering to
God in token of devout homage and of a sense of friendly communion
with Him</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A gift or service offered as
satisfaction to an offended person.</cd> -- <col><b>Peace
officer</b></col>, <cd>a civil officer whose duty it is to preserve
the public peace, to prevent riots, etc., as a sheriff or
constable.</cd> -- <col><b>To hold one's peace</b></col>, <cd>to be
silent; to refrain from speaking.</cd> -- <col><b>To make one's peace
with</b></col>, <cd>to reconcile one with, to plead one's cause with,
or to become reconciled with, another.</cd> "I will <i>make your
peace</i> with him." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peace</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To make or become
quiet; to be silent; to stop.</def> [R.] "<i>Peace</i> your
tattlings."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the thunder would not <i>peace</i> at my
bidding.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peace"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>peisible</i>, F. <i>paisible</i>.] <def>Begin in or at peace;
tranquil; quiet; free from, or not disposed to, war, disorder, or
excitement; not quarrelsome.</def> -- <wf>Peace"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Peace"a*bly</wf>, adv.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Peaceful; pacific; tranquil; quiet; mild;
undisturbed; serene; still.  -- <u>Peaceable</u>, <u>Peaceful</u>.
<i>Peaceable</i> describes the state of an individual, nation, etc.,
in reference to external hostility, attack, etc.; <i>peaceful</i>, in
respect to internal disturbance. The former denotes "in the spirit of
peace;" latter; "in the possession or enjoyment of peace."  A
<i>peaceable</i> adjustment of difficulties; a <i>peaceful</i> life,
scene.</p>

<p><hw>Peace"break`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
disturbs the public peace.</def> -- <wf>Peace"break`ing</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Peace"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Possessing or enjoying peace; not disturbed by war, tumult,
agitation, anxiety, or commotion; quiet; tranquil; as, a
<i>peaceful</i> time; a <i>peaceful</i> country; a <i>peaceful</i>
end.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not disposed or tending to war, tumult or
agitation; pacific; mild; calm; peaceable; as, <i>peaceful</i>
words.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Peaceable</u>.</p>

<p>--<wf>Peace"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>. --
<wf>Peace"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Peace"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without peace;
disturbed.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peace"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
peace by reconciling parties that are at variance.</def>  <i>Matt. v.
9.</i></p>

<p>--<wf>Peace"mak`ing</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Peach</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Appeach</u>,
<u>Impeach</u>.] <def>To accuse of crime; to inform against.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peach</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn informer; to
betray one's accomplice.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If I be ta'en, I'll <i>peach</i> for this.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>peche</i>,
<i>peshe</i>, OF. <i>pesche</i>, F. <i>p&ecirc;che</i>, fr. LL.
<i>persia</i>, L. <i>Persicum</i> (sc. <i>malum</i>) a Persian apple,
a peach.  Cf. <u>Persian</u>, and <u>Parsee</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
well-known high-flavored juicy fruit, containing one or two seeds in a
hard almond-like endocarp or stone; also, the tree which bears it
(<i>Prunus, or Amygdalus Persica</i>). In the wild stock the fruit is
hard and inedible.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Guinea</b></col>, or <col><b>Sierra Leone</b></col>,
<col><b>peach</b></col>, <cd>the large edible berry of the
<i>Sarcocephalus esculentus</i>, a rubiaceous climbing shrub of west
tropical Africa.</cd> -- <col><b>Palm peach</b></col>, <cd>the fruit
of a Venezuelan palm tree (<i>Bactris speciosa</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Peach color</b></col>, <cd>the pale red color of the peach
blossom.</cd> -- <col><b>Peach-tree borer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of a clearwing moth
(<i>&AElig;geria, or Sannina, exitiosa</i>) of the family
<i>&AElig;geriid&aelig;</i>, which is very destructive to peach trees
by boring in the wood, usually near the ground; also, the moth itself.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Borer</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Peach"-col`ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
color of a peach blossom.</def> "<i>Peach-colored</i> satin."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peach"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
peaches.</def> [Low]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pea"chick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The chicken of the peacock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peach"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a peach
or peaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pea"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pecok</i>.
<i>Pea-</i> in this word is from AS. <i>pe&aacute;</i>,
<i>p&amacr;wa</i>, peacock, fr. L. <i>pavo</i>, prob. of Oriental
origin; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;, Per. <i>t&amacr;us</i>, <i>t&amacr;wus</i>,
Ar. <i>t&amacr;wu&?;s</i>. See <u>Cock</u> the bird.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male of any pheasant
of the genus <i>Pavo</i>, of which at least two species are known,
native of Southern Asia and the East Indies.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The upper tail coverts, which are long and capable of
erection, are each marked with a black spot bordered by concentric
bands of brilliant blue, green, and golden colors. The common
domesticated species is <i>Pavo cristatus</i>. The Javan peacock
(<i>P. muticus</i>) is more brilliantly colored than the common
species.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In common usage, the species in general or
collectively; a peafowl.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Peacock butterfly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
handsome European butterfly (<i>Hamadryas Io</i>) having ocelli like
those of peacock.</cd> -- <col><b>Peacock fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European blue-striped wrasse (<i>Labrus
variegatus</i>); -- so called on account of its brilliant colors.
Called also <i>cook wrasse</i> and <i>cook</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Peacock pheasant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of handsome Asiatic pheasants of the genus
<i>Polyplectron</i>. They resemble the peacock in color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pea"fowl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Peacock</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The peacock or peahen; any species of
Pavo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Paage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pea"grit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
coarse pisolitic limestone. See <u>Pisolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pea"hen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Peacock</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hen or female peafowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pea"-jack`et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. D.
<i>pij</i>, <i>pije</i>, a coat of a coarse woolen stuff.] <def>A
thick loose woolen jacket, or coat, much worn by sailors in cold
weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pek</i>, AS.
<i>peac</i>, perh of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. <i>peac</i> a sharp-
pointed thing.  Cf. <u>Pike</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A point; the
sharp end or top of anything that terminates in a point; as, the
<i>peak</i>, or front, of a cap.</def> "Run your beard into a
<i>peak</i>."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The top, or one of the tops, of a hill,
mountain, or range, ending in a point; often, the whole hill or
mountain, esp. when isolated; as, the <i>Peak</i> of
Teneriffe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Silent upon a <i>peak</i> in Darien.</blockquote>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
upper aftermost corner of a fore-and-aft sail; -- used in many
combinations; as, <i>peak</i>-halyards, <i>peak</i>-brails, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The narrow part of a vessel's bow, or the
hold within it.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The extremity of an
anchor fluke; the bill.</def> [In the last sense written also
<i>pea</i> and <i>pee</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Fore peak</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Fore</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Peak</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Peaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Peaking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rise or extend into a peak
or point; to form, or appear as, a peak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>peaketh</i> up a mighty high
mount.</blockquote> <i>Holand.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To acquire sharpness of figure or features;
hence, to look thin or sicky.</def> "Dwindle, <i>peak</i>, and pine."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Peek</u>.] <def>To pry; to peep
slyly.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Peak arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a pointed or Gothic
arch.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Peak</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To raise
to a position perpendicular, or more nearly so; as, to <i>peak</i>
oars, to hold them upright; to <i>peak</i> a gaff or yard, to set it
nearer the perpendicular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peaked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pointed; ending in a point; as, a <i>peaked</i> roof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Oftener &?;)</i> <def>Sickly; not
robust.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 1055 !></p>

<p><hw>Peak"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Mean; sneaking.</def> [Vulgar]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pining; sickly; peakish.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Peak"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or relating to a peak; or to peaks; belonging to a mountainous
region.</def> "Her <i>peakish</i> spring." <i>Drayton.</i> "His
<i>peakish</i> dialect." <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having peaks; peaked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having features thin or sharp, as from
sickness; hence, sickly.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Peak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a peak or peaks.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sickly; peaked.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Peal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small salmon; a grilse; a sewin.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Peal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To appeal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [An abbrev. of F. <i>appel</i>
a call, appeal, ruffle of a drum, fr. <i>appeller</i> to call, L.
<i>appellare</i>. See <u>Appeal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A loud
sound, or a succession of loud sounds, as of bells, thunder, cannon,
shouts, of a multitude, etc.</def> "A fair <i>peal</i> of artillery."
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether those <i>peals</i> of praise be his or
no.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And a deep thunder, <i>peal</i> on <i>peal</i>,
afar.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A set of bells tuned to each other
according to the diatonic scale; also, the changes rung on a set of
bells.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To ring a peal</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Ring</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Peal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pealed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pealing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter or give out loud
sounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There let the <i>pealing</i> organ blow.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To resound; to echo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the whole air <i>pealed</i><BR>
<i>With the cheers of our men</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
utter or give forth loudly; to cause to give out loud sounds; to noise
abroad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The warrior's name,<BR>
Though <i>pealed</i> and chimed on all the tongues of
fame.</blockquote> <i>J. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assail with noise or loud
sounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor was his ear less <i>pealed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pour out.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pene</i>, F.
<i>panne</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of the furs, the ground being
<i>sable</i>, and the spots or tufts <i>or</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A song of praise and
triumph. See <u>P&aelig;an</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
chant the p&aelig;an.] <def>The song or shout of praise, of battle, or
of triumph.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pea"nut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
fruit of a trailing leguminous plant (<i>Arachis hypog&aelig;a</i>);
also, the plant itself, which is widely cultivated for its
fruit.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The fruit is a hard pod, usually containing two or three
seeds, sometimes but one, which ripen beneath the soil. Called also
<i>earthnut</i>, <i>groundnut</i>, and <i>goober</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Pear</hw> (p&acirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pere</i>,
AS. <i>peru</i>, L. <i>pirum</i>: cf. F. <i>poire</i>.  Cf.
<u>Perry</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fleshy pome, or fruit, of a
rosaceous tree (<i>Pyrus communis</i>), cultivated in many varieties
in temperate climates; also, the tree which bears this fruit. See
<i>Pear family</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pear blight</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>A name of two distinct diseases of pear trees, both causing a
destruction of the branches, viz., that caused by a minute insect
(<i>Xyleborus pyri</i>), and that caused by the freezing of the sap in
winter.</cd> <i>A. J. Downing.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A very small beetle (<i>Xyleborus pyri</i>)
whose larv&aelig; bore in the twigs of pear trees and cause them to
wither.</cd> -- <col><b>Pear family</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
suborder of rosaceous plants (<i>Pome&aelig;</i>), characterized by
the calyx tube becoming fleshy in fruit, and, combined with the
ovaries, forming a pome. It includes the apple, pear, quince, service
berry, and hawthorn.</cd> -- <col><b>Pear gauge</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a kind of gauge for measuring the exhaustion of
an air-pump receiver; -- so called because consisting in part of a
pear-shaped glass vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Pear shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any marine gastropod shell of the genus
<i>Pyrula</i>, native of tropical seas; -- so called from the
shape.</cd> -- <col><b>Pear slug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the larva of a sawfly which is very injurious to the foliage of
the pear tree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pearch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Perch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pearl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fringe or
border.</def> [Obs.] -- <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fringe; to
border.</def> [Obs.] See <u>Purl</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Pearl stitch</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Purl stitch</i>, under
<u>Purl</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pearl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>perle</i>, F.
<i>perle</i>, LL. <i>perla</i>, <i>perula</i>, probably fr. (assumed)
L. <i>pirulo</i>, dim. of L. <i>pirum</i> a pear. See <u>Pear</u>, and
cf. <u>Purl</u> to mantle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A shelly concretion, usually rounded, and having a brilliant
luster, with varying tints, found in the mantle, or between the mantle
and shell, of certain bivalve mollusks, especially in the pearl
oysters and river mussels, and sometimes in certain univalves. It is
usually due to a secretion of shelly substance around some irritating
foreign particle. Its substance is the same as nacre, or mother-of-
pearl. Pearls which are round, or nearly round, and of fine luster,
are highly esteemed as jewels, and compare in value with the precious
stones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively, something resembling a
pearl; something very precious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I see thee compassed with thy kingdom's
<i>pearl</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And those <i>pearls</i> of dew she wears.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Nacre, or mother-of-pearl.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish allied to the
turbot; the brill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A light-colored
tern.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the circle of
tubercles which form the bur on a deer's antler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A whitish speck or film on the eye.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A capsule of gelatin or similar substance
containing some liquid for medicinal application, as ether.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A size of type, between
agate and diamond.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <pearltype>This line is printed in the type called
<i>pearl</i>.</pearltype></p>

<p><col><b>Ground pearl</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Ground</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pearl barley</b></col>, <cd>kernels of
barley, ground so as to form small, round grains.</cd> --
<col><b>Pearl diver</b></col>, <cd>one who dives for pearl
oysters.</cd> -- <col><b>Pearl edge</b></col>, <cd>an edge of small
loops on the side of some kinds of ribbon; also, a narrow kind of
thread edging to be sewed on lace.</cd> -- <col><b>Pearl
eye</b></col>, <cd>cataract.</cd> [R.] -- <col><b>Pearl
gray</b></col>, <cd>a very pale and delicate blue-gray color.</cd> --
<col><b>Pearl millet</b></col>, <cd>Egyptian millet (<i>Penicillaria
spicata</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Pearl moss</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Carrageen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pearl moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any moth of the genus <i>Margaritia</i>; --
so called on account of its pearly color.</cd> -- <col><b>Pearl
oyster</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species
of large tropical marine bivalve mollusks of the genus
<i>Meleagrina</i>, or <i>Margaritifera</i>, found in the East Indies
(especially at Ceylon), in the Persian Gulf, on the coast of
Australia, and on the Pacific coast of America. Called also <i>pearl
shell</i>, and <i>pearl mussel</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pearl
powder</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Pearl white</i>, below.</cd> --
<col><b>Pearl sago</b></col>, <cd>sago in the form of small pearly
grains.</cd> -- <col><b>Pearl sinter</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>fiorite.</cd> -- <col><b>Pearl spar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a
crystallized variety of dolomite, having a pearly luster.</cd> --
<col><b>Pearl white</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Basic bismuth
nitrate, or bismuth subchloride; -- used chiefly as a cosmetic</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A variety of white lead blued with indigo or
Berlin blue.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pearl</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
pearl or pearls; made of pearls, or of mother-of-pearl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pearl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
set or adorn with pearls, or with mother-of-pearl. Used also
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to resemble pearls; to make into
small round grains; as, to <i>pearl</i> barley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pearl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
resemble pearl or pearls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give or hunt for pearls; as, to go
<i>pearling</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pearl*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
pearl or mother-of-pearl; pearly in quality or appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pearl"ash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white amorphous or granular substance which consists principally of
potassium carbonate, and has a strong alkaline reaction. It is
obtained by lixiviating wood ashes, and evaporating the lye, and has
been an important source of potassium compounds. It is used in making
soap, glass, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pearl"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
pearly speck in the eye; afflicted with the cataract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pearl"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any fish whose scales yield a pearl-like pigment used in
manufacturing artificial pearls, as the bleak, and
whitebait.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pearl"ins</hw> (?), <hw>Pearl"ings</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [Prob. a corruption of <i>purflings</i>. See
<u>Purfle</u>.] <def>A kind of lace of silk or thread.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pearl"ite</hw> (?), <hw>Pearl"stone`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A glassy volcanic rock of a
grayish color and pearly luster, often having a spherulitic
concretionary structure due to the curved cracks produced by
contraction in cooling. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Perlitic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pearl"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name given to several species of <i>Sagina</i>, low and inconspicuous
herbs of the Chickweed family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pearl"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Containing pearls; abounding with, or yielding, pearls; as,
<i>pearly</i> shells.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling pearl or pearls; clear; pure;
transparent; iridescent; as, the <i>pearly</i> dew or flood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pear"main</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
name of several kinds of apples; as, the blue <i>pearmain</i>, winter
<i>pearmain</i>, and red <i>pearmain</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pear"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the form
of a pear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peart</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [A variant of <i>pert</i>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Active; lively; brisk; smart; -- often
applied to convalescents; as, she is quite <i>peart</i> to-day.</def>
[O. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There was a tricksy girl, I wot, albeit clad in
gray,<BR>
As <i>peart</i> as bird, as straight as bolt, as fresh as flowers in
May.</blockquote> <i>Warner (1592).</i></p>

<p><hw>Peas"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>pa&iuml;sant</i> (the <i>i</i> being perh. due to confusion with
the p. pr. of verbs), <i>pa&iuml;san</i>, F. <i>paysan</i>, fr. OF. &
F. <i>pays</i> country, fr. L. <i>pagus</i> the country. See
<u>Pagan</u>.] <def>A countryman; a rustic; especially, one of the
lowest class of tillers of the soil in European countries.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Countryman; rustic; swain; hind.</p>

<p><hw>Peas"ant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rustic, rural.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peas"ant*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rude;
clownish; illiterate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peas"ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Peasantlike.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peas"ant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Peasants, collectively; the body of rustics.</def> "A bold
<i>peasantry</i>."  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rusticity; coarseness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>p.
Butler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peas"cod`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The legume or
pericarp, or the pod, of the pea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pease</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; obs.<i>pl</i>.
<plw><b>Peases</b></plw> (#), <plw><b>Peasen</b></plw> (#). [See
<u>Pea</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pea.</def> [Obs.] "A
<i>peose</i>." "Bread . . . of beans and of <i>peses</i>."  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plural form of <u>Pea</u>. See the Note
under <u>Pea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pea"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Pisolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peas"weep`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
note.] [Prov. Eng.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
pewit, or lapwing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
greenfinch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pet</u> a
fondling.] <def>A small person; a pet; -- sometimes used
contemptuously.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. for <i>beat</i>, prop.,
material used to make the fire burn <i>better</i>, fr. AS.
<i>b&?;tan</i> to better, mend (a fire), <i>b&?;t</i> advantage. See
<u>Better</u>, <u>Boot</u> advantage.] <def>A substance of vegetable
origin, consisting of roots and fibers, moss, etc., in various stages
of decomposition, and found, as a kind of turf or bog, usually in low
situations, where it is always more or less saturated with water. It
is often dried and used for fuel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Peat bog</b></col>, <cd>a bog containing peat; also, peat
as it occurs in such places; peat moss.</cd> -- <col><b>Peat
moss</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The plants which, when
decomposed, become peat</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A fen producing
peat</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Moss of the genus
<i>Sphagnum</i>, which often grows abundantly in boggy or peaty
places.</cd> -- <col><b>Peat reek</b></col>, <cd>the reek or smoke of
peat; hence, also, the peculiar flavor given to whisky by being
distilled with peat as fuel.</cd> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Peat"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed of peat;
abounding in peat; resembling peat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Pg. <i>peba</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An armadillo (<i>Tatusia novemcincta</i>)
which is found from Texas to Paraguay; -- called also
<i>tatouhou</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peb"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>papolst&amacr;n</i>; cf. L. <i>papula</i> pimple, mote. See
<u>Stone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small roundish stone or
bowlder; especially, a stone worn and rounded by the action of water;
a pebblestone.</def> "The <i>pebbles</i> on the hungry beach."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As children gathering <i>pebbles</i> on the
shore.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Transparent and colorless rock crystal; as,
Brazilian <i>pebble</i>; -- so called by opticians.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pebble powder</b></col>, <cd>slow-burning gunpowder, in
large cubical grains.</cd> -- <col><b>Scotch pebble</b></col>,
<cd>varieties of quartz, as agate, chalcedony, etc., obtained from
cavities in amygdaloid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Peb"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pebbled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pebbling</u>.] <def>To grain (leather) so as to produce a surface
covered with small rounded prominences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peb"bled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
pebbles.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peb"ble*stone`</hw> (?). <def>A pebble; also, pebbles
collectively.</def> "Chains of <i>pebblestone</i>."
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peb"bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of pebbles;
pebbled.</def> "A hard, <i>pebbly</i> bottom."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pe`brine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An
epidemic disease of the silkworm, characterized by the presence of
minute vibratory corpuscles in the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*can"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pacane</i>
the nut.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of hickory (<i>Carya
oliv&aelig;formis</i>), growing in North America, chiefly in the
Mississippi valley and in Texas, where it is one of the largest of
forest trees; also, its fruit, a smooth, oblong nut, an inch or an
inch and a half long, with a thin shell and well-flavored meat.</def>
[Written also <i>pacane</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pec"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Peccary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec`ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being peccable; lability to sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The common <i>peccability</i> of mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pec"ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>peccable</i>. See <u>Peccant</u>.] <def>Liable to sin; subject to
transgress the divine law.</def> "A frail and <i>peccable</i> mortal."
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pec`ca*dil"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Peccadillos</b></plw> (#). [Sp. <i>pecadillo</i>, dim. of
<i>pecado</i> a sin, fr. L. <i>peccatum</i>. See <u>Peccant</u>.]
<def>A slight trespass or offense; a petty crime or fault.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pec"can*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peccantia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being peccant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sin; an offense.</def>  <i>W.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pec"cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>peccans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>peccare</i> to sin: cf. F.
<i>peccant</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sinning; guilty of
transgression; criminal; as, <i>peccant</i> angels.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Morbid; corrupt; as, <i>peccant</i>
humors.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wrong; defective; faulty.</def> [R.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pec"cant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An offender.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pec"cant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a peccant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec"ca*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Peccaries</b></plw> (#). [From the native South American name:
cf. F. <i>p&eacute;cari</i>, Sp. <i>pecar</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A pachyderm of the genus <i>Dicotyles</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The collared peccary, or tajacu (<i>Dicotyles
torquatus</i>), is about the size and shape of a small hog, and has a
white ring aroung the neck. It ranges from Arkansas to Brazil. A
larger species (<i>D. labiatus</i>), with white cheeks, is found in
South America.</p>

<p><hw>||Pec*ca"vi</hw> (?). [L.] <def>I have sinned; -- used
colloquially to express confession or acknowledgment of an
offense.</def>  <i>Aubrey.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Pec"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pekoe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. akin to <i>pack</i>; or,
orig., an indefinite quantity, and fr. <i>peck</i>, v. (below): cf.
also F. <i>picotin</i> a peak.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fourth
part of a bushel; a dry measure of eight quarts; as, a <i>peck</i> of
wheat.</def> "A <i>peck</i> of provender."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A great deal; a large or excessive
quantity.</def> "A <i>peck</i> of uncertainties and doubts."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pecked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pecking</u>.] [See <u>Pick</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with the beak; to thrust the beak
into; as, a bird <i>pecks</i> a tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To strike, pick, thrust against, or
dig into, with a pointed instrument; especially, to strike, pick,
etc., with repeated quick movements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To seize and pick up with the beak, or as
with the beak; to bite; to eat; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This fellow <i>pecks</i> up wit as pigeons
peas.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make, by striking with the beak or a
pointed instrument; as, to <i>peck</i> a hole in a tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peck</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make strokes with the beak, or with a pointed instrument.</def>
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pick up food with the beak; hence, to
eat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The hen] went <i>pecking</i> by his side.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To peck at</b></col>, <cd>to attack with petty and repeated
blows; to carp at; to nag; to tease.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1056 !></p>

<p><hw>Peck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quick, sharp stroke,
as with the beak of a bird or a pointed instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, pecks; specif., a bird that pecks holes
in trees; a woodpecker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for pecking; a pick.</def>
<i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Flower pecker</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Flower</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Peck"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to eat;
hungry.</def> [Colloq.] "When shall I feel <i>peckish</i> again?"
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pec"kled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speckled;
spotted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pe*cop"te*ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; to comb + &?; a kind of fern.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extensive
genus of fossil ferns; -- so named from the regular comblike
arrangement of the leaflets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pec"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>pecus</i>. See <u>Pecuniary</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
extensive division of ruminants, including the antelopes, deer, and
cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of pectic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pecten</i>, <i>-
inis</i>, a comb, a kind of shellfish. See <u>Pectinate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A vascular
pigmented membrane projecting into the vitreous humor within the globe
of the eye in birds, and in many reptiles and fishes; -- also called
<i>marsupium</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pubic
bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of bivalve
mollusks of the genus <i>Pecten</i>, and numerous allied genera
(family <i>Pectinid&aelig;</i>); a scallop. See
<u>Scallop</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The comb of a scorpion.
See <u>Comb</u>, 4 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; curdled.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to pectin; specifically,
designating an acid obtained from ordinary vegetable jelly (pectin) as
an amorphous substance, tough and horny when dry, but gelatinous when
moist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; curdled,
congealed, from &?; to make fast or stiff: cf. F. <i>pectine</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a series of carbohydrates, commonly called
<i>vegetable jelly</i>, found very widely distributed in the vegetable
kingdom, especially in ripe fleshy fruits, as apples, cranberries,
etc. It is extracted as variously colored, translucent substances,
which are soluble in hot water but become viscous on
cooling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec"ti*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pecten</i>
comb. See <u>Pectinate</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a comb;
resembling a comb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec"ti*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fish whose bone&?;
resemble comb teeth.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pec"ti*na`te</hw> (?), <hw>Pec"ti*na`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pectinatus</i>, p. pr. of <i>pectinare</i>
to comb, from <i>pecten</i>, <i>-inis</i>, a comb; cf. Gr. &?; to
comb, AS. <i>feax</i> hair, OHG. <i>fahs</i>, E. <i>paxwax</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling the teeth of a comb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Having very narrow,
close divisions, in arrangement and regularity resembling those of a
comb; comblike; as, a <i>pectinate</i> leaf; <i>pectinated</i>
muscles.  See <i>Illust.</i> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> of
<u>Antenn&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Interlaced, like two combs.</def> [R.] "Our
fingers <i>pectinated</i>, or shut together."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pectinate claw</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a claw
having a serrate edge, found in some birds, and supposed to be used in
cleaning the feathers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pec"ti*nate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
pectinate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec`ti*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being pectinated; that which is
pectinated.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of combing; the combing of the
head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Comblike
toothing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec*tin"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pecten</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to the pecten.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Relating to,
or connected with, the pubic bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec*tin"i*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Pectinibranchiata. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pec`ti*ni*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>Pecten</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of Gastropoda, including those that have a comblike
gill upon the neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec`ti*ni*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pecten</i>, <i>-inis</i>, a comb + E. <i>branchiate</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having pectinated gills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec*tin"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Comblike in
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec*tize"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; solid.]
<def>To congeal; to change into a gelatinous mass.</def> [R.]  <i>H.
Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pec"to*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pecten</i> a
comb + <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A whitish mineral occurring
in radiated or fibrous crystalline masses. It is a hydrous silicate of
lime and soda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec"to*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pectoralis</i>, fr. <i>pectus</i>, <i>-oris</i> the breast; cf. F.
<i>pectoral</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
breast, or chest; as, the <i>pectoral</i> muscles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or good for, diseases of the
chest or lungs; as, a <i>pectoral</i> remedy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the breast
conspicuously colored; as, the <i>pectoral</i> sandpiper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pectoral arch</b></col>, or <col><b>Pectoral
girdle</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the two or more bony or
cartilaginous pieces of the vertebrate skeleton to which the fore
limbs are articulated; the shoulder girdle. In man it consists of two
bones, the scapula and clavicle, on each side.</cd> --
<col><b>Pectorial cross</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>a cross worn on
the breast by bishops and abbots, and sometimes also by canons.</cd> -
- <col><b>Pectorial</b></col> fins, or <col><b>Pectorials</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>fins situated on the sides, behind the gills.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Fin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pectorial
rail</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Land rail</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> under <u>Land</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pectorial
sandpiper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the jacksnipe
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pec"to*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pectorale</i>
a breastplate, neut. of <i>pectorials</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
covering or protecting for the breast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
breastplate, esp. that worn by the Jewish high person.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A clasp or a cross worn on the
breast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A medicine for diseases of the chest
organs, especially the lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec"to*ral*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As
connected with the breast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec`to*ri*lo"qui*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pectoriloque</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or of the nature of,
pectoriloquy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec`to*ril"o*quism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pectoriloquy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec`to*ril"o*quous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pectoriloquial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec`to*ril"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pectus</i>, <i>-oris</i>, the breast + <i>loqui</i> to speak: cf.
F. <i>pectoriloquie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The distinct articulation
of the sounds of a patient's voice, heard on applying the ear to the
chest in auscultation. It usually indicates some morbid change in the
lungs or pleural cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec"tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pect</i>ic +
cellul<i>ose</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An amorphous carbohydrate found
in the vegetable kingdom, esp. in unripe fruits. It is associated with
cellulose, and is converted into substances of the pectin
group.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec*to"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i><def>Of, pertaining to, resembling, or derived from,
pectose; specifically, designating an acid supposed to constitute
largely ordinary pectin or vegetable jelly.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pec*tos"tra*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; fixed + &?; shell of a testacean.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
degenerate order of Crustacea, including the Rhizocephala and
Cirripedia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or consisting of, pectose.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pec"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pectora</b></plw> (#). [L., the breast.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The breast of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec"ul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Picul</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pec"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Peculated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Peculating</u>.] [L. <i>peculatus</i>, p. p. of <i>peculari</i> to
peculate, akin to <i>peculium</i> private property. See
<u>Peculiar</u>.] <def>To appropriate to one's own use the property of
the public; to steal public moneys intrusted to one's care; to
embezzle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An oppressive, . . . rapacious, and <i>peculating</i>
despotism.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pec`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
practice of peculating, or of defrauding the public by appropriating
to one's own use the money or goods intrusted to one's care for
management or disbursement; embezzlement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every British subject . . . active in the discovery of
<i>peculations</i> has been ruined.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pec"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
peculates.</def> "<i>Peculators</i> of the public gold."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*cul"iar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peculiaris</i>, fr. <i>peculium</i> private property, akin to
<i>pecunia</i> money: cf. OF. <i>peculier</i>. See <u>Pecuniary</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One's own; belonging solely or especially to
an individual; not possessed by others; of private, personal, or
characteristic possession and use; not owned in common or in
participation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And purify unto himself a <i>peculiar</i>
people.</blockquote> <i>Titus ii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hymns . . . that Christianity hath <i>peculiar</i> unto
itself.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Particular; individual; special;
appropriate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While each <i>peculiar</i> power forgoes his wonted
seat.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My fate is Juno's most <i>peculiar</i>
care.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unusual; singular; rare; strange; as, the
sky had a <i>peculiar</i>appearance.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Peculiar</u>, <u>Special</u>, <u>Especial</u>.
<i>Peculiar</i> is from the Roman <i>peculium</i>, which was a thing
emphatically and distinctively one's own, and hence was dear. The
former sense always belongs to <i>peculiar</i> (as, a <i>peculiar</i>
style, <i>peculiar</i> manners, etc.), and usually so much of the
latter as to involve feelings of interest; as, <i>peculiar</i> care,
watchfulness, satisfaction, etc. Nothing of this kind belongs to
<i>special</i> and <i>especial</i>. They mark simply the relation of
<i>species</i> to <i>genus</i>, and denote that there is something in
this case more than ordinary; as, a <i>special</i> act of Congress;
<i>especial</i> pains, etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>Beauty, which, either walking or asleep,<BR>
Shot forth <i>peculiar</i> graces.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For naught so vile that on the earth doth live,<BR>
But to the earth some <i>special</i> good doth give.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*cul"iar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is peculiar; a sole or exclusive property; a
prerogative; a characteristic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Revenge is . . . the <i>peculiar</i> of
Heaven.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Canon Law)</i> <def>A particular parish
or church which is exempt from the jurisdiction of the
ordinary.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Court of Peculiars</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a
branch of the Court of Arches having cognizance of the affairs of
peculiars.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Dean of
peculiars</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Dean</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pe*cul`iar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Peculiarities</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being peculiar; individuality; singularity.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is peculiar; a special and
distinctive characteristic or habit; particularity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The smallest <i>peculiarity</i> of temper on
manner.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exclusive possession or right.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*cul"iar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pecularized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Pecularizing</u> (?).] <def>To make peculiar; to set
appart or assign, as an exclusive possession.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. John
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*cul"iar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a peculiar
manner; particulary; in a rare and striking degree;
unusually.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*cul"iar*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being peculiar; peculiarity.</def>  <i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*cu"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Peculiar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Law)</i> <def>The saving
of a son or a slave with the father's or master's consent; a little
property or stock of one's own; any exclusive personal or separate
property.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A special fund for private and personal
uses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A slight <i>peculium</i> only subtracted to supply his
snuff box and tobacco pouch.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*cu"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pecuniary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*cun"ia*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
pecuniary manner; as regards money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*cun"ia*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pecuniarius</i>, fr. <i>pecunia</i> money, orig., property in
cattle, fr. <i>pecus</i> cattle: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;cuniaire</i>. See
<u>Fee</u>, and cf. <u>Peculiar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating
to money; monetary; as, a <i>pecuniary</i> penalty; a <i>pecuniary</i>
reward.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*cu"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pecuniosus</i>, fr. <i>pecunia</i>: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;cunieux</i>.] <def>Abounding in money; wealthy;
rich.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. See <u>Peddler</u>.]
<def>A basket; a hammer; a pannier.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ped"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>pedagium</i>,
for <i>pedaticum</i>. See <u>Paage</u>.] <def>A toll or tax paid by
passengers, entitling them to safe-conduct and protection.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ped"a*gog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pedagogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped`a*gog"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Pedagogic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>; cf. G. <i>pedagogik</i>.]
<def>See <u>Pedagogics</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ped`a*gog"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ped`a*gog"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;dagogique</i>. See
<u>Pedagogue</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a pedagogue; suited to, or
characteristic of, a pedagogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped`a*gog"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
or art of teaching; the principles and rules of teaching;
pedagogy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"a*gog*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;dagogisme</i>.] <def>The system, occupation, character, or
manner of pedagogues.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Avocation of pedantry and
<i>pedagogism</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ped"a*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;dagogue</i>, L. <i>paedagogus</i>, Gr. &?;;
<grk>pai^s</grk>, <grk>paido`s</grk>, a boy + &?; to lead, guide; cf.
&?; leading. See <u>Page</u> a servant, <u>Agent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A slave who led his
master's children to school, and had the charge of them
generally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A teacher of children; one whose occupation
is to teach the young; a schoolmaster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who by teaching has become formal,
positive, or pedantic in his ways; one who has the manner of a
schoolmaster; a pedant.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ped"a*gogue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>paedagogare</i> to instruct.] <def>To play the pedagogue
toward.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ped"a*go`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;dagogie</i>.] <def>Pedagogics; pedagogism.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pedalis</i>, fr.
<i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot. See <u>Foot</u>, and cf. <u>Pew</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the foot, or to feet,
literally or figuratively; specifically <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
pertaining to the foot of a mollusk; as, the <i>pedal</i>
ganglion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> (&?;) <def>Of or pertaining to a pedal; having
pedals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pedal curve</b></col> or <col><b>surface</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the curve or surface which is the locus of the
feet of perpendiculars let fall from a fixed point upon the straight
lines tangent to a given curve, or upon the planes tangent to a given
surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Pedal note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the
note which is held or sustained through an organ point. See <i>Organ
point</i>, under <u>Organ</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pedal organ</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an organ which has pedals or a range of keys moved
by the feet; that portion of a full organ which is played with the
feet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pe"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;dale</i>, It. <i>pedale</i>. See <u>Pedal</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A lever
or key acted on by the foot, as in the pianoforte to raise the
dampers, or in the organ to open and close certain pipes; a treadle,
as in a lathe or a bicycle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A pedal curve or
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*da"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to the
foot, or to a metrical foot; pedal.</def> [R.]  <i>Maunder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
measuring by paces.</def> [R.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*da"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pedaneus</i>
of the size of a foot.] <def>Going on foot; pedestrian.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ped"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;dant</i>, It. <i>pedante</i>, fr. Gr. &?; to instruct,
from <grk>pai^s</grk> boy. See <u>Pedagogue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A schoolmaster; a pedagogue.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>pedant</i> that keeps a school i'th'
church.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who puts on an air of learning; one who
makes a vain display of learning; a pretender to superior
knowledge.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A scholar, yet surely no <i>pedant</i>, was
he.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pe*dan"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Pe*dan"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a pedant; characteristic
of, or resembling, a pedant; ostentatious of learning; as, a
<i>pedantic</i> writer; a <i>pedantic</i> description; a
<i>pedantical</i> affectation.</def> "Figures <i>pedantical</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dan"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
pedantic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dan"tic*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Pedantically.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ped"ant*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office,
disposition, or act of a pedant; pedantry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ped"ant*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;dantiser</i>.] <def>To play the pedant; to use pedantic
expressions.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ped`an*toc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pedant</i>
+ demo<i>cracy</i>.] <def>The sway of pedants.</def> [R.]  <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ped"ant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;danterie</i>.] <def>The act, character, or manners of a
pedant; vain ostentation of learning.</def> "This <i>pedantry</i> of
quotation."  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is a practice that savors much of
<i>pedantry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ped"ant*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assembly or
clique of pedants.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*da"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pedarius</i>,
fr. <i>pedarius</i> belonging to the foot, fr. <i>pes</i>,
<i>pedis</i>, foot.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>One of a class eligible
to the office of senator, but not yet chosen, who could sit and speak
in the senate, but could not vote; -- so called because he might
indicate his opinion by walking over to the side of the party he
favored when a vote was taken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pedaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>pedarius</i> of the foot.]
<def>A sandal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*da"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pedate</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of holothurians,
including those that have ambulacral suckers, or feet, and an internal
gill.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1057 !></p>

<p><hw>Ped"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pedatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>pedare</i> to furnish with feet, fr. <i>pes</i>,
<i>pedis</i>, a foot.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Palmate, with the lateral
lobes cleft into two or more segments; -- said of a leaf.</def> --
<wf>Ped"ate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dat"i*fid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pedate</i> +
root of L. <i>findere</i> to split.] [Colloq.] <def>Cleft in a pedate
manner, but having the lobes distinctly connected at the base; -- said
of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From
<u>Peddler</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To travel about with wares
for sale; to go from place to place, or from house to house, for the
purpose of retailing goods; as, to <i>peddle</i> without a
license.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do a small business; to be busy about
trifles; to piddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Peddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Peddling</u> (?).] <def>To sell from place to place; to retail by
carrying around from customer to customer; to hawk; hence, to retail
in very small quantities; as, to <i>peddle</i> vegetables or
tinware.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pedlere</i>,
<i>pedlare</i>, also <i>peddare</i>, <i>peoddare</i>, fr. OE.
<i>ped</i> a basket, of unknown origin.] <def>One who peddles; a
traveling trader; one who travels about, retailing small wares; a
hawker.</def> [Written also <i>pedlar</i> and <i>pedler</i>.] "Some
vagabond huckster or <i>peddler</i>."  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ped"dler*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>pedlary</i> and <i>pedlery</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The trade,
or the goods, of a peddler; hawking; small retail business, like that
of a peddler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Trifling; trickery.</def> [Obs.] "Look . .
. into these their deceitful <i>peddleries</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ped"dling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hawking; acting as a peddler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Petty; insignificant.</def> "The miserable
remains of a <i>peddling</i> commerce."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ped"er*ast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>paiderasth`s</grk>; <grk>pai^s</grk>, <grk>paido`s</grk>, a boy +
<grk>'era^n</grk> to love: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;d&eacute;raste</i>.]
<def>One guilty of pederasty; a sodomite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped`er*as"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>paiderastiko`s</grk>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
pederasty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"er*as`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>paiderasti`a</grk>: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;d&eacute;rastie</i>.]
<def>The crime against nature; sodomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped`e*re"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>pedrero</i>,
fr. OSp. <i>pedra</i>, Sp. <i>piedra</i>, a stone, L. <i>petra</i>,
fr. Gr. &?;. So named because it was at first charged with stones.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A term formerly applied to a short piece of
chambered ordnance.</def> [Written also <i>paterero</i> and
<i>peterero</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pe*de"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?; a
leaping.] <def>Same as <i>Brownian movement</i>, under
<u>Brownian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"es*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>pedestal</i>;
cf. F. <i>pi&eacute;destal</i>, It. <i>piedestallo</i>; fr. L.
<i>es</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot + OHG. <i>stal</i> standing place,
station, place, akin to E. <i>stall</i>. See <u>Foot</u>, and
<u>Stall</u>, and <u>Footstall</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The base or foot of a column, statue, vase, lamp, or the like;
the part on which an upright work stands. It consists of three parts,
the base, the die or dado, and the cornice or surbase molding. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Column</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Build him a <i>pedestal</i>, and say, "Stand
there!"</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Railroad Cars)</i>
<def>A casting secured to the frame of a truck and forming a jaw for
holding a journal box.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A
pillow block; a low housing.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Bridge
Building)</i> <def>An iron socket, or support, for the foot of a brace
at the end of a truss where it rests on a pier.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pedestal coil</b></col> <i>(steam Heating)</i>, <cd>a group
of connected straight pipes arranged side by side and one above
another, -- used in a radiator.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ped"es*taled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Placed on, or
supported by, a pedestal; figuratively, exalted.</def>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pedestaled</i> haply in a palace court.</blockquote>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*des"tri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pedester</i>, <i>-esteris</i>, fr. <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a
foot: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;destere</i>. See <u>Pedal</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the feet; employing the foot or feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*des"tri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
pedestrial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*des"tri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going on
foot; performed on foot; as, a <i>pedestrian</i> journey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*des"tri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A walker; one who
journeys on foot; a foot traveler; specif., a professional walker or
runner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*des"tri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act,
art, or practice of a pedestrian; walking or running; traveling or
racing on foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*des"tri*an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pedestrianized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Pedestrianizing</u>.] <def>To practice
walking; to travel on foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*des"tri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going on
foot; not winged.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Pedestrious</i> animals."  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ped`e*ten"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pes</i>,
<i>pedis</i>, foot + <i>tendere</i> to stretch out: cf. L.
<i>tentim</i> by degrees.] <def>Proceeding step by step; advancing
cautiously.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>pedetentous</i> pace and <i>pedetentous</i>
mind in which it behooves the wise and virtuous improver to
walk.</blockquote> <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ped"i-</hw> (?), <hw>Ped"o-</hw> (?) }. [See <u>Foot</u>.]
<def>Combining forms from L. <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot, as
<i>pedi</i>palp, <i>pedi</i>reme, <i>pedo</i>meter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
foot, or to any organ called a foot; pedal.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;dicelle</i>. See <u>Pedicle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A stalk which supports one
flower or fruit, whether solitary or one of many ultimate divisions of
a common peduncle. See <u>Peduncle</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Flower</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A slender support of any
special organ, as that of a capsule in mosses, an air vesicle in
alg&aelig;, or a sporangium in ferns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A slender stem by which
certain of the lower animals or their eggs are attached. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Aphis lion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
ventral part of each side of the neural arch connecting with the
centrum of a vertebra.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An outgrowth of
the frontal bones, which supports the antlers or horns in deer and
allied animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*celed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pedicellate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ped`i*cel*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pedicellari&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pedicel</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A peculiar forcepslike organ which occurs in
large numbers upon starfishes and echini. Those of starfishes have two
movable jaws, or blades, and are usually nearly, or quite, sessile;
those of echini usually have three jaws and a pedicel. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*cel`late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
pedicel; supported by a pedicel.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ped`i*cel*li"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pedicel</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Bryozoa, of the
order Entoprocta, having a bell-shaped body supported on a slender
pedicel. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Entoprocta</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pediculus</i> a
little foot, dim. of <i>pes</i> foot: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;dicule</i>.
See <u>edal</u>, and cf. <u>Pedicel</u>.] <def>Same as
<u>Pedicel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pedicularis</i>, fr. <i>pediculus</i> a louse: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;diculaire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to lice; having the
lousy distemper (phthiriasis); lousy.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Pediculati.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*dic`u*la"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pedicle</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fishes including
the anglers. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Angler</u> and
<u>Batfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dic`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Phthiriasis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pedicle</u>.]
<def>A pedicel.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*dic`u*li"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pediculus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of parasitic
hemipterous insects, including the true lice. See <i>Illust.</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dic"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pediculosus</i>.] <def>Pedicular.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*dic"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pediculi</b></plw> (#). [L., a louse.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of wingless parasitic Hemiptera, including the common
lice of man. See <u>Louse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pedi-</i> + <i>-
form</i>.] <def>Shaped like a foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pedi-</i> +
<i>-gerous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bearing or having feet or
legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*gree</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of unknown origin;
possibly fr. F. <i>par degr&eacute;s</i> by degrees, -- for a pedigree
is properly a genealogical table which records the relationship of
families <i>by degrees</i>; or, perh., fr. F. <i>pied de grue</i>
crane's foot, from the shape of the heraldic genealogical trees.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A line of ancestors; descent; lineage;
genealogy; a register or record of a line of ancestors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alterations of surnames . . . have obscured the truth
of our <i>pedigrees</i>.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His vanity labored to contrive us a
<i>pedigree</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am no herald to inquire of men's
<i>pedigrees</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Jews preserved the <i>pedigrees</i> of their
tribes.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Breeding)</i> <def>A record of the
lineage or strain of an animal, as of a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*lu`vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pedi-</i> + L.
<i>luere</i> to wash: cf. It. &amp; Sp. <i>pediluvio</i>, F.
<i>p&eacute;diluve</i>.] <def>The bathing of the feet, a bath for the
feet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pe*dim"a*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot + <i>manus</i> hand.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of marsupials, including the
opossums.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*mane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;dimane</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A pedimanous
marsupial; an opossum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dim"a*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pedimana</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having feet resembling
hands, or with the first toe opposable, as the opossums and
monkeys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pes</i>,
<i>pedis</i>, a foot. See <u>Foot</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Originally, in classical architecture, the triangular space
forming the gable of a simple roof; hence, a similar form used as a
decoration over porticoes, doors, windows, etc.; also, a rounded or
broken frontal having a similar position and use. See
<u>Temple</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped`i*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a pediment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*palp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;dipalpe</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Pedipalpi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ped`i*pal"pi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pedipalpus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Arachnida,
including the whip scorpions (<i>Thelyphonus</i>) and allied forms.
Sometimes used in a wider sense to include also the true
scorpions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped`i*pal"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, the
pedipalps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped`i*pal"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pedipalpi</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pes</u>, and
<u>Palpus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the second pair of
mouth organs of arachnids. In some they are leglike, but in others, as
the scorpion, they terminate in a claw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*reme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pedi-</i> + L.
<i>remus</i> oar.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A crustacean, some of
whose feet serve as oars.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ped"lar</hw>, <hw>Ped"ler</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Peddler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe`do*bap"tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
child + E. <i>baptism</i>.] <def>The baptism of infants or of small
children.</def> [Written also <i>p&aelig;dobaptism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pe`do*bap"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
advocates or practices infant baptism.</def> [Written also
<i>p&aelig;dobaptist</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ped"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pedi-</i> +
<i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by examining the soles of the
feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pedi-</i>,
<i>pedo-</i> + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;dom&egrave;tre</i>.]
<i>(Mech.)</i> <def>An instrument for including the number of steps in
walking, and so ascertaining the distance passed over. It is usually
in the form of a watch; an oscillating weight by the motion of the
body causes the index to advance a certain distance at each
step.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ped`o*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Ped`o*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or measured by, a
pedometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped`o*mo"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pedi-</i>,
<i>pedo-</i> + <i>-motive</i>.] <def>Moved or worked by the action of
the foot or feet on a pedal or treadle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dot"ro*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;,
&?;, a child + &?; to nourish: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;dotrophie</i>.]
<def>The art of nourishing children properly.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe`dre*gal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., a stony
place, fr. <i>piedra</i> stone.] <def>A lava field.</def> [Mexico &
Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pe*dun"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed fr. (assumed)
L. <i>pedunculus</i>, dim. of <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a foot: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;doncule</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
stem or stalk that supports the flower or fruit of a plant, or a
cluster of flowers or fruits.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ultimate divisions or branches of a peduncle are called
<i>pedicels</i>. In the case of a solitary flower, the stalk would be
called a <i>peduncle</i> if the flower is large, and a <i>pedicel</i>
if it is small or delicate.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sort of stem by which
certain shells and barnacles are attached to other objects. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Barnacle</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A band of nervous or fibrous
matter connecting different parts of the brain; as, the
<i>peduncles</i> of the cerebellum; the <i>peduncles</i> of the pineal
gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dun"cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
peduncle; supported on a peduncle; pedunculate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dun"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;donculaire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a peduncle;
growing from a peduncle; as, a <i>peduncular</i> tendril.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*dun`cu*la"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Peduncle</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Cirripedia,
including the stalked or goose barnacles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pe*dun"cu*late</hw> (?), <hw>Pe*dun"cu*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having a peduncle; growing on
a peduncle; as, a <i>pedunculate</i> flower; a <i>pedunculate</i> eye,
as in a lobster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Pea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pee</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Bill of an
anchor. See <u>Peak</u>, 3 <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peece</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Piece</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pee"chi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The dauw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peek</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>piken</i>: cf.
F. <i>piquer</i> to pierce, prick, E. <i>pique</i>.  Cf. <u>Peak</u>.]
<def>To look slyly, or with the eyes half closed, or through a
crevice; to peep.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Peek"a*boo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A child's game;
bopeep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pel</i>.  Cf.
<u>Pile</u> a heap.] <def>A small tower, fort, or castle; a
keep.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Peel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pelle</i>, L.
<i>pala</i>.] <def>A spadelike implement, variously used, as for
removing loaves of bread from a baker's oven; also, a T-shaped
implement used by printers and bookbinders for hanging wet sheets of
paper on lines or poles to dry. Also, the blade of an oar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Confused with <i>peel</i>
to strip, but fr. F. <i>piller</i> to pillage. See <u>Pill</u> to rob,
<u>Pillage</u>.] <def>To plunder; to pillage; to rob.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But govern ill the nations under yoke,<BR>
<i>Peeling</i> their provinces.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Peeled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Peeling</u>.] [F. <i>peler</i> to pull out the hair, to strip, to
peel, fr. L. <i>pilare</i> to deprive of hair, fr. <i>pilus</i> a
hair; or perh. partly fr. F. <i>peler</i> to peel off the skin, perh.
fr. L. <i>pellis</i> skin (cf. <u>Fell</u> skin).  Cf. <u>Peruke</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strip off the skin, bark, or rind of; to
strip by drawing or tearing off the skin, bark, husks, etc.; to flay;
to decorticate; as, to <i>peel</i> an orange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The skillful shepherd <i>peeled</i> me certain
wands.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strip or tear off; to remove by
stripping, as the skin of an animal, the bark of a tree,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lose the skin, bark,
or rind; to come off, as the skin, bark, or rind does; -- often used
with an adverb; as, the bark <i>peels</i> easily or readily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The skin or rind; as, the
<i>peel</i> of an orange.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pee"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A graceful and swift South African antelope (<i>Pelea
capreola</i>). The hair is woolly, and ash-gray on the back and sides.
The horns are black, long, slender, straight, nearly smooth, and very
sharp. Called also <i>rheeboc</i>, and <i>rehboc</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peel"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who peels or
strips.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peel"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Peel</u> to
plunder.] <def>A pillager.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peel"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nickname for a
policeman; -- so called from Sir Robert <i>Peel</i>.</def> [British
Slang] See <u>Bobby</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Peel"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Peel</u>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>pinne</i> pane
of a hammer.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A round-edged, or
hemispherical, end to the head of a hammer or sledge, used to stretch
or bend metal by indentation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
sharp-edged end of the head of a mason's hammer.</def> [Spelt also
<i>pane</i>, <i>pein</i>, and <i>piend</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Peen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To draw, bend, or
straighten, as metal, by blows with the peen of a hammer or
sledge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peenge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
complain.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Peep</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Peeped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Peeping</u>.] [Of imitative origin; cf. OE. <i>pipen</i>, F.
<i>piper</i>, <i>p&eacute;pier</i>, L. <i>pipire</i>, <i>pipare</i>,
<i>pipiare</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>piepen</i>. Senses 2 and 3 perhaps come
from a transfer of sense from the sound which chickens make upon the
first breaking of the shell to the act accompanying it; or perhaps
from the influence of <i>peek</i>, or <i>peak</i>.  Cf. <u>Pipe</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cry, as a chicken hatching or newly
hatched; to chirp; to cheep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was none that moved the wing, or opened the
mouth, or <i>peeped</i>.</blockquote> <i>Is. x. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To begin to appear; to look forth from
concealment; to make the first appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When flowers first <i>peeped</i>, and trees did
blossoms bear.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1058 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To look cautiously or slyly; to peer, as
through a crevice; to pry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>eep</i> through the blanket of the
dark.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From her cabined loophole <i>peep</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Peep sight</b></col>, <cd>an adjustable piece, pierced with
a small hole to peep through in aiming, attached to a rifle or other
firearm near the breech.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Peep</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
cry of a young chicken; a chirp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>First outlook or appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oft have we seen him at the <i>peep</i> of
dawn.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sly look; a look as through a crevice, or
from a place of concealment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To take t' other <i>peep</i> at the stars.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
small sandpiper, as the least sandpiper (<i>Trigna
minutilla</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The European meadow
pipit (<i>Anthus pratensis</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Peep show</b></col>, <cd>a small show, or object exhibited,
which is viewed through an orifice or a magnifying glass.</cd> --
<col><b>Peep-o'-day boys</b></col>, <cd>the Irish insurgents of 1784;
-- so called from their visiting the house of the loyal Irish at day
break in search of arms.</cd> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Peep"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A chicken just breaking the shell; a young bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who peeps; a prying person; a
spy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who's there? <i>peepers</i>, . . .
eavesdroppers?</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The eye; as, to close the
<i>peepers</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Peep"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hole, or
crevice, through which one may peep without being
discovered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peep"ing hole`</hw>. <def>See <u>Peephole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pee"pul tree`</hw> (?). [Hind. <i>p&imacr;pal</i>, Skr.
<i>pippala</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A sacred tree (<i>Ficus
religiosa</i>) of the Buddhists, a kind of fig tree which attains
great size and venerable age. See <u>Bo tree</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>pippul tree</i>, and <i>pipal tree</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Peer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Peered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Peering</u>.] [OF. <i>parir</i>, <i>pareir</i> equiv. to F.
<i>para&icirc;tre</i> to appear, L. <i>parere</i>.  Cf.
<u>Appear</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come in sight; to
appear.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>So honor <i>peereth</i> in the meanest
habit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>See how his gorget <i>peers</i> above his
gown!</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perh. a different word; cf. OE. <i>piren</i>,
LG. <i>piren</i>.  Cf. <u>Pry</u> to peep.] <def>To look narrowly or
curiously or intently; to peep; as, the <i>peering</i> day.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Peering</i> in maps for ports, and piers, and
roads.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As if through a dungeon grate he
<i>peered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>per</i>, OF.
<i>per</i>, F. <i>pair</i>, fr. L. <i>par</i> equal.  Cf.
<u>Apparel</u>, <u>Pair</u>, <u>Par</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Umpire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the same rank, quality,
endowments, character, etc.; an equal; a match; a mate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In song he never had his <i>peer</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall they consort only with their
<i>peers</i>?</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A comrade; a companion; a fellow; an
associate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He all his <i>peers</i> in beauty did
surpass.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A nobleman; a member of one of the five
degrees of the British nobility, namely, duke, marquis, earl,
viscount, baron; as, a <i>peer</i> of the realm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A noble <i>peer</i> of mickle trust and
power.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>House of Peers</b></col>, <col><b>The Peers</b></col>,
<cd>the British House of Lords. See <u>Parliament</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spiritual peers</b></col>, <cd>the bishops and archibishops,
or lords spiritual, who sit in the House of Lords.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Peer</hw> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make equal in
rank.</def> [R.]  <i>Heylin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peer</hw> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be, or to assume to
be, equal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Peer"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Peer</u> an
equal, and cf. <u>Parage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The rank or
dignity of a peer.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The body of peers; the nobility,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Charlemain with all his <i>peerage</i>
fell.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peer"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Peerage; also, a
lordship.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Peer"ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wife of a peer; a
woman ennobled in her own right, or by right of marriage.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Peer"ie</hw>, <hw>Peer"y</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See 1st <u>Peer</u>, 2.] <def>Inquisitive; suspicious; sharp.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.] "Two <i>peery</i> gray eyes."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peer"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no peer or
equal; matchless; superlative.</def> "Her <i>peerless</i> feature."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Unvailed her <i>peerless</i> light.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>--<wf>Peer"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Peer"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Peert</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Peart</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peer"weet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pewit</u> (<sd><i>a</i></sd> &amp; <sd><i>b</i></sd>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pee"vish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pevische</i>;
of uncertain origin, perh. from a word imitative of the noise made by
fretful children + <i>-ish</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Habitually
fretful; easily vexed or fretted; hard to please; apt to complain;
querulous; petulant.</def> "Her <i>peevish</i> babe."
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She is <i>peevish</i>, sullen, froward.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing fretfulness and discontent, or
unjustifiable dissatisfaction; as, a <i>peevish</i> answer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Silly; childish; trifling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To send such <i>peevish</i> tokens to a
king.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Querulous; petulant; cross; ill-tempered; testy;
captious; discontented. See <u>Fretful</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pee"vish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a peevish
manner.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pee"vish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being peevish; disposition to murmur; sourness of temper.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Petulance</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pee"vit</hw> (?), <hw>Pee"wit</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Pewit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pegge</i>; cf. Sw.
<i>pigg</i>, Dan. <i>pig</i> a point, prickle, and E. <i>peak</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small, pointed piece of wood, used in
fastening boards together, in attaching the soles of boots or shoes,
etc.; as, a shoe <i>peg</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wooden pin, or nail, on which to hang
things, as coats, etc. Hence, colloquially and figuratively: A
support; a reason; a pretext; as, a <i>peg</i> to hang a claim
upon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the pins of a musical instrument, on
which the strings are strained.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the pins used for marking points on
a cribbage board.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A step; a degree; esp. in the slang phrase
"To take one down <i>peg</i>."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To screw papal authority to the highest
<i>peg</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And took your grandess down a <i>peg</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Peg ladder</b></col>, <cd>a ladder with but one standard,
into which cross pieces are inserted.</cd> -- <col><b>Peg
tankard</b></col>, <cd>an ancient tankard marked with pegs, so as
divide the liquor into equal portions.</cd> "Drink down to your
<i>peg</i>." <i>Longfellow.</i> -- <col><b>Peg tooth</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Fleam tooth</i> under <u>Fleam</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Peg
top</b></col>, <cd>a boy's top which is spun by throwing it.</cd> --
<col><b>Screw peg</b></col>, <cd>a small screw without a head, for
fastening soles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Peg</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pegged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pegging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put pegs into; to
fasten the parts of with pegs; as, to <i>peg</i> shoes; to confine
with pegs; to restrict or limit closely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will rend an oak<BR>
And <i>peg</i> thee in his knotty entrails.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cribbage)</i> <def>To score with a peg, as
points in the game; as, she <i>pegged</i> twelwe points.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Peg</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To work diligently, as
one who pegs shoes; -- usually with <i>on</i>, <i>at</i>, or
<i>away</i>; as, to <i>peg</i> away at a task.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe`ga*dor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., a sticker.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of remora (<i>Echeneis
naucrates</i>). See <u>Remora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ga"se*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Pegasus, or, figuratively, to poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peg"a*soid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pegasus</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to
Pegasus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peg"a*sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>A winged horse fabled to
have sprung from the body of Medusa when she was slain. He is noted
for causing, with a blow of his hoof, Hippocrene, the inspiring
fountain of the Muses, to spring from Mount Helicon. On this account
he is, in modern times, associated with the Muses, and with ideas of
poetic inspiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each spurs his jaded <i>Pegasus</i> apace.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A northen constellation
near the vernal equinoctial point. Its three brightest stars, with the
brightest star of Andromeda, form the <i>square of
Pegasus</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small
fishes, having large pectoral fins, and the body covered with hard,
bony plates. Several species are known from the East Indies and
China.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peg"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fastens
with pegs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peg"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process
of fastening with pegs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pegm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pegma</i> a movable
stage, Gr. &?;, orig., a framework.] <def>A sort of moving machine
employed in the old pageants.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peg"ma*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?;
something fastened together, in allusion to the quartz and feldspar in
graphic granite: cf. F. <i>pegmatite</i>. See <u>Pegm</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Graphic granite. See under
<u>Granite</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>More generally, a
coarse granite occurring as vein material in other rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peg`ma*tit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, pegmatite; as, the
<i>pegmatic</i> structure of certain rocks resembling graphic
granite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peg"ma*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pegmat</i>ite +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Resembling pegmatite;
pegmatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peg"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>phgh`</grk> fountain + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by
fountains.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Peg"roots`</hw> (p&ebreve;g"r&oomac;ts`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Setterwort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peh"le*vi`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Parsee
<i>Pahlavi</i>.] <def>An ancient Persian dialect in which words were
partly represented by their Semitic equivalents. It was in use from
the 3d century (and perhaps earlier) to the middle of the 7th century,
and later in religious writings.</def> [Written also
<i>Pahlavi</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pein</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Peen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pei*ram"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a trail +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>A dynamometer for measuring the force required to
draw wheel carriages on roads of different constructions.</def>  <i>G.
Francis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pei*ras"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
try, fr. &?; a trail.] <def>Fitted for trail or test; experimental;
tentative; treating of attempts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Poise</u>.] <def>A
weight; a poise.</def> [Obs.] "To weigh pence with a <i>peise</i>."
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peise</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To poise or
weight.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest leaden slumber <i>peise</i> me down.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pei"trel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anc. Armor)</i>
<def>See <u>Peytrel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*jor"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;joratif</i>, fr. L. <i>pejor</i>, used as compar. of
<i>malus</i> evil.] <def>Implying or imputing evil; depreciatory;
disparaging; unfavorable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pek"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pekan</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Fisher</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pek"oe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>pih-hoau</i>:
cf. F. <i>peko&euml;</i>] <def>A kind of black tea.</def> [Written
also <i>pecco</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pe"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <i>Wax insect</i>, under <u>Wax</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pelage</i>, fr.
L. <i>pilus</i> hair.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The covering, or coat,
of a mammal, whether of wool, fur, or hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*la"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pelagius</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; the sea: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;lagien</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the sea; marine; pelagic; as, <i>pelagian</i>
shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*la"gi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Pelagianus</i>:
cf. F. <i>p&eacute;lagien</i>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A follower
of <i>Pelagius</i>, a British monk, born in the later part of the 4th
century, who denied the doctrines of hereditary sin, of the connection
between sin and death, and of conversion through grace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*la"gi*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;lagien</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Pelagius, or to his
doctrines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*la"gi*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;lagianisme</i>.] <def>The doctrines of Pelagius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*lag"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pelagicus</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the ocean; -- applied especially to animals
that live at the surface of the ocean, away from the coast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel`ar*gon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid (called also
<i>nonoic acid</i>) found in the leaves of the geranium
(<i>Pelargonium</i>) and allied plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pel`ar*go"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a stork.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large genus of plants of the order
<i>Geraniace&aelig;</i>, differing from Geranium in having a spurred
calyx and an irregular corolla.</def></p>

<p>&fist; About one hundred and seventy species are known, nearly all
of them natives of South Africa, and many having very beautiful
blossoms. See the Note under <u>Geranium</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pe*las"gi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Pe*las"gic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Pelasgus</i>, Gr. &?; a Pelasgian.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Pelasgians, an ancient
people of Greece, of roving habits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Wandering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel"e*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Pelican</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pel`e*can`i*for"mes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Pelican</u>, and <u>-form</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Those
birds that are related to the pelican; the Totipalmi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel"e*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a hatchet +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A figure, somewhat hatched-shaped,
bounded by a semicircle and two inverted quadrants, and equal in area
to the square <i>ABCD</i> inclosed by the chords of the four
quadrants.</def> [Written also <i>pelicoid</i>.]  <i>Math.
Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pel`e*cyp"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a hatchet + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Lamellibranchia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel"e*grine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Peregrine</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pel"er*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&egrave;lerine</i> a tippet, fr. <i>p&egrave;lerin</i> a pilgrim,
fr. L. <i>peregrinus</i> foreign, alien. See <u>Pilgrim</u>.] <def>A
woman's cape; especially, a fur cape that is longer in front than
behind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pelf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pelfir</i> booty,
OF. <i>pelfre</i>, akin to <i>pelfrer</i> to plunder, and perh. to E.
<i>pillage</i>.  Cf. <u>Pilfer</u>.] <def>Money; riches; lucre; gain;
-- generally conveying the idea of something ill-gotten or worthless.
It has no plural.</def> "Mucky <i>pelf</i>." <i>Spenser.</i> "Paltry
<i>pelf</i>." <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can their <i>pelf</i> prosper, not got by valor or
industry?</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pelf"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
pelf.</def>  <i>Stanyhurst.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pel"fray</hw> (?), <hw>Pel"fry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pelf; also, figuratively, rubbish;
trash.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cranmer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pel"i*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;lican</i>, L. <i>pelicanus</i>, <i>pelecanus</i>, Gr. &?;,
&?;, &?;, the woodpecker, and also a water bird of the pelican kind,
fr. &?; to hew with an ax, akin to Skr. <i>para&ccedil;u</i>.]
[Written also <i>pelecan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any large webfooted bird of the genus <i>Pelecanus</i>, of which
about a dozen species are known. They have an enormous bill, to the
lower edge of which is attached a pouch in which captured fishes are
temporarily stored.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The American white pelican (<i>Pelecanus
erythrorhynchos</i>) and the brown species (<i>P. fuscus</i>) are
abundant on the Florida coast in winter, but breed about the lakes in
the Rocky Mountains and British America.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A retort or still having
a curved tube or tubes leading back from the head to the body for
continuous condensation and redistillation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The principle is still employed in certain modern forms of
distilling apparatus.</p>

<p><col><b>Frigate pelican</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
frigate bird. See under <u>Frigate</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pelican
fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>deep-sea fish (<i>Eurypharynx
pelecanoides</i>) of the order <i>Lyomeri</i>, remarkable for the
enormous development of the jaws, which support a large gular
pouch.</cd> -- <col><b>Pelican flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
very large and curiously shaped blossom of a climbing plant
(<i>Aristolochia grandiflora</i>) of the West Indies; also, the plant
itself.</cd> -- <col><b>Pelican ibis</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a large Asiatic wood ibis (<i>Tantalus leucocephalus</i>). The
head and throat are destitute of feathers; the plumage is white, with
the quills and the tail greenish black.</cd> -- <col><b>Pelican in her
piety</b></col> (in heraldry and symbolical art), <cd>a representation
of a pelican in the act of wounding her breast in order to nourish her
young with her blood; -- a practice fabulously attributed to the bird,
on account of which it was adopted as a symbol of the Redeemer, and of
charity.</cd> -- <col><b>Pelican's foot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a marine gastropod shell of the genus <i>Aporrhais</i>, esp.
<i>Aporrhais pes-pelicani</i> of Europe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pel"ick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The American coot (<i>Fulica</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel"i*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pelecoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pel`i*co*sau"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; a wooden bowl (but taken to mean, pelvis) + &?; a lizard.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A suborder of Theromorpha, including terrestrial
reptiles from the Permian formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"li*om</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pelioma</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of iolite, of a smoky blue color;
pelioma.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe`li*o"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; livid.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A livid
ecchymosis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See <u>Peliom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*lisse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>pelliceus</i>, <i>pellicius</i>, made of skins, fr. <i>pellis</i> a
skin.  Cf. <u>Pelt</u> skin, <u>Pilch</u>, and see 2d <u>Pell</u>.]
<def>An outer garment for men or women, originally of fur, or lined
with fur; a lady's outer garment, made of silk or other
fabric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pelt</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To pelt; to knock about.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pel</i>, F.
<i>peau</i>, L. <i>pellis</i> a skin. See <u>Fell</u> a skin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A skin or hide; a pelt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A roll of parchment; a parchment
record.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Clerk of the pells</b></col>, <cd>formerly, an officer of
the exchequer who entered accounts on certain parchment rolls, called
<i>pell rolls</i>.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pel"lack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael.
<u>Peileag</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A porpoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pell"age</hw> (p&ebreve;l"&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d
<u>Pell</u>.] <def>A customs duty on skins of leather.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1059 !></p>

<p><hw>Pel"la*gra</hw> (p&ebreve;l"l&adot;*gr&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An erythematous affection of
the skin, with severe constitutional and nervous symptoms, endemic in
Northern Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel"la*grin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
afficted with pellagra.</def>  <i>Chambers's Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pel"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pelote</i>, LL.
<i>pelota</i>, <i>pilota</i>, fr. L. <i>pila</i> a ball.  Cf.
<u>Platoon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little ball; as, a
<i>pellet</i> of wax &?; paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bullet; a ball for firearms.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As swift as a <i>pellet</i> out of a gun.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pellet molding</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a narrow band
ornamented with smalt, flat disks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pel"let</hw>, <pos><i>v.&?;.</i></pos> <def>To form into small
balls.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pel"let*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of, or like,
pellets; furnished with pellets.</def> [R.] "This <i>pelleted</i>
storm."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pel`li*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. <i>pellis</i> garment + <i>branchia</i> a gill.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Nudibranchiata, in which the
mantle itself serves as a gill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel"li*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pellicu&?;a</i>, dim. of <i>pellis</i> skin: cf. F.
<i>pellicule</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin skin or
film.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A thin film formed on the
surface of an evaporating solution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel*lic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a pellicle.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pel*li"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The redshank; -- so called from its note.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pel"li*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>paritorie</i>, OF. <i>paritoire</i>, F. <i>pari&eacute;taire</i>;
(cf. It. &amp; Sp. <i>parietaria</i>), L. <i>parietaria</i> the parietary,
or pellitory, the wall plant, fr. <i>parietarus</i> belonging to the
walls, fr. <i>paries</i>, <i>parietis</i> a wall.  Cf.
<u>Parietary</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The common name of the several
species of the genus <i>Parietaria</i>, low, harmless weeds of the
Nettle family; -- also called <i>wall pellitory</i>, and
<i>lichwort</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Parietaria officinalis</i> is common on old walls in
Europe; <i>P. pennsylvanica</i> is found in the United States; and six
or seven more species are found near the Mediterranean, or in the
Orient.</p>

<p><hw>Pel"li*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>pelitre</i>,
fr. L. <i>pyrethrum</i>. See <u>Bertram</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A composite plant (<i>Anacyclus
Pyrethrum</i>) of the Mediterranean region, having finely divided
leaves and whitish flowers. The root is the officinal pellitory, and
is used as an irritant and sialogogue. Called also <i>bertram</i>, and
<i>pellitory of Spain</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The feverfew
(<i>Chrysanthemum Parthenium</i>); -- so called because it resembles
the above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pell`-mell"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Pall-
mall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pell`mell"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F. <i>p&ecirc;le-
m&ecirc;le</i>, prob. fr. <i>pelle</i> a shovel + <i>m&ecirc;ler</i>
to mix, as when different kinds of grain are heaped up and mixed with
a shovel. See <u>Pell</u> shovel, <u>Medley</u>.] <def>In utter
confusion; with confused violence.</def> "Men, horses, chariots,
crowded <i>pellmell</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pel*lu"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pellucidus</i>; <i>per</i> (see <u>Per-</u>) + <i>lucidus</i>
clear, bright: cf. F. <i>pellucide</i>.] <def>Transparent; clear;
limpid; translucent; not opaque.</def> "<i>Pellucid</i> crystal."
<i>Dr. H. More.</i> "<i>Pellucid</i> streams." <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pel`lu*cid"i*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Pel*lu"cid*ness</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pellucid</i>itas.] <def>The quality or
state of being pellucid; transparency; translucency; clearness; as,
the pellucidity of the air.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pel*lu"cid*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pellucid
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pel"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pelmata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The under surface of the foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*lo"pi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>Pelops</i>, brother of Niobe, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
supposed new metal found in columbite, afterwards shown to be
identical with columbium, or niobium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel`o*pon*ne"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Peloponnesius</i>, fr. <i>Peloponnesus</i>, Gr. &?;, lit., the
Island of Pelops; &?;, &?;, Pelops + &?; an island.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the Peloponnesus, or southern peninsula of Greece.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or an inhabitant of the
Peloponnesus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*lo"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
monstrous.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Abnormal regularity; the state of
certain flowers, which, being naturally irregular, have become regular
through a symmetrical repetition of the special
irregularity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*lo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Abnormally regular or symmetrical.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pel"o*tage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Packs or
bales of Spanish wool.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pelt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>pelz</i> a pelt,
fur, fr. OF. <i>pelice</i>, F. <i>pelisse</i> (see <u>Pelisse</u>); or
perh. shortened fr. <i>peltry</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The skin
of a beast with the hair on; a raw or undressed hide; a skin preserved
with the hairy or woolly covering on it. See 4th <u>Fell</u>.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Raw <i>pelts</i> clapped about them for their
clothes.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The human skin.</def> [Jocose]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>The body of any quarry
killed by the hawk.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pelt rot</b></col>, <cd>a disease affecting the hair or
wool of a beast.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pelt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pelted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pelting</u>.] [OE. <i>pelten</i>, <i>pulten</i>, <i>pilten</i>, to
thrust, throw, strike; cf. L. <i>pultare</i>, equiv. to <i>pulsare</i>
(v. freq. fr. <i>pellere</i> to drive), and E. <i>pulse</i> a
beating.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with something thrown or
driven; to assail with pellets or missiles, as, to <i>pelt</i> with
stones; <i>pelted</i> with hail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The children billows seem to <i>pelt</i> the
clouds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw; to use as a missile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My Phillis me with <i>pelted</i> apples
plies.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pelt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
throw missiles.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw out words.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Another smothered seems to <i>pelt</i>and
swear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pelt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blow or stroke from
something thrown.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pel"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pelt&aelig;</b></plw>. [L., a shield, fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A small shield, especially one
of an approximately elliptic form, or crescent-shaped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A flat apothecium having no
rim.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pel"tate</hw> (?), <hw>Pel"ta*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pelt&eacute;</i>. See <u>Pelta</u>.]
<def>Shield-shaped; scutiform; <i>(Bot.)</i> having the stem or
support attached to the lower surface, instead of at the base or
margin; -- said of a leaf or other organ.</def> --
<wf>Pel"tate*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pelt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pelts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pinchpenny; a
mean, sordid person; a miser; a skinflint.</def> [Obs.] "Let such
<i>pelters</i> prate."  <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pel"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pelta</i> + <i>-
form</i>.] <def>Shieldlike, with the outline nearly circular;
peltate.</def>
  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pel"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mean;
paltry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pelt"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pelleterie</i>
peltry, furriery, fr. <i>pelletier</i> a furrier, fr. OF. <i>pel</i>
skin, F. <i>peau</i>, L. <i>pelis</i>. See <u>Pelt</u> a skin,
<u>Pell</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Fell</u> a skin.] <def>Pelts or
skins, collectively; skins with the fur on them; furs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pelt"ry*ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Peltry.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pe*lu"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>peludo</i>
hairy.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The South American hairy armadillo
(<i>Dasypus villosus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*lu"si*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Pelusiacus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Pelusium, an ancient city
of Egypt; as, the <i>Pelusiac</i> (or former eastern) outlet of the
Nile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel"vic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or in the region of, the pelvis; as, <i>pelvic</i>
cellulitis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pelvic arch</b></col>, or <col><b>Pelvic girdle</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the two or more bony or cartilaginous pieces of
the vertebrate skeleton to which the hind limbs are articulated.  When
fully ossified, the arch usually consists of three principal bones on
each side, the ilium, ischium, and pubis, which are often closely
united in the adult, forming the innominate bone. See <i>Innominate
bone</i>, under <u>Innominate</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pel*vim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pelvis</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.: cf. F. <i>pelvim&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument
for measuring the dimensions of the pelvis.</def>  <i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pel"vis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a basin, laver; cf.
Gr. &?;, &?;, bowl.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The pelvic
arch, or the pelvic arch together with the sacrum. See <i>Pelvic
arch</i>, under <u>Pelvic</u>, and <u>Sacrum</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The calyx of a
crinoid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pelvis of the kidney</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
basinlike cavity into which the ureter expands as it joins the
kidney.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pem"mi*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>pemican</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Among the North American
Indians, meat cut in thin slices, divested of fat, and dried in the
sun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then on <i>pemican</i> they feasted.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Meat, without the fat, cut in thin slices,
dried in the sun, pounded, then mixed with melted fat and sometimes
dried fruit, and compressed into cakes or in bags. It contains much
nutriment in small compass, and is of great use in long voyages of
exploration.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pem*phi"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Nl., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;, a bubble.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A somewhat rare skin disease,
characterized by the development of blebs upon different part of the
body.</def>  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>penne</i>, OF.
<i>penne</i>, <i>pene</i>, F. <i>penne</i>, fr. L. <i>penna</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A feather.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument used for writing with ink,
formerly made of a reed, or of the quill of a goose or other bird, but
now also of other materials, as of steel, gold, etc. Also, originally,
a stylus or other instrument for scratching or graving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Graven with an iron <i>pen</i> and lead in the
rock.</blockquote> <i>Job xix. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A writer, or his style; as, he has a
sharp <i>pen</i>.</def> "Those learned <i>pens</i>."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The internal shell of a
squid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [Etymol. uncertain.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
female swan.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bow pen</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bow-pen</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dotting pen</b></col>, <cd>a pen for drawing dotted
lines.</cd> -- <col><b>Drawing</b></col>, or <col><b>Ruling</b></col>,
<col><b>pen</b></col>, <cd>a pen for ruling lines having a pair of
blades between which the ink is contained.</cd> -- <col><b>Fountain
pen</b></col>, <col><b>Geometric pen</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fountain</u>, and <u>Geometric</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Music
pen</b></col>, <cd>a pen having five points for drawing the five lines
of the staff.</cd> -- <col><b>Pen and ink</b></col>, or <col><b>pen-
and-ink</b></col>, <cd>executed or done with a pen and ink; as, a
<i>pen and ink</i> sketch.</cd> -- <col><b>Pen feather</b></col>.
<cd>A pin feather.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Pen name</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Name</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea pen</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a pennatula.</cd> [Usually written <i>sea-
pen</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Penned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Penning</u> (?).] <def>To write; to compose and commit to paper; to
indite; to compose; as, to <i>pen</i> a sonnet.</def> "A prayer
elaborately <i>penned</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Penned</u> (?) or <u>Pent</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Penning</u>.] [OE. <i>pennen</i>, AS.
<i>pennan</i> in <i>on-pennan</i> to unfasten, prob. from the same
source as <i>pin</i>, and orig. meaning, to fasten with a peg.See
<u>Pin</u>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos>] <def>To shut up, as in a pen or
cage; to confine in a small inclosure or narrow space; to coop up, or
shut in; to inclose.</def> "Away with her, and <i>pen</i> her up."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Watching where shepherds <i>pen</i> their flocks at
eve.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Pen</u> to shut in.]
<def>A small inclosure; as, a <i>pen</i> for sheep or for
pigs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My father stole two geese out of a
<i>pen</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>poenalis</i>, fr.
<i>poena</i> punishment: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;nal</i>. See <u>Pain</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to punishment, to penalties, or to crimes and
offenses; pertaining to criminal jurisprudence</def>: as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Enacting or threatening punishment; as, a
<i>penal</i> statue; the <i>penal</i> code.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Incurring punishment; subject to a penalty; as, a <i>penal</i>act
of offense.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Inflicted as punishment;
used as a means of punishment; as, a <i>penal</i> colony or
settlement.</def> "Adamantine chains and <i>penal</i> fire."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Penal code</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a code of laws
concerning crimes and offenses and their punishment.</cd> --
<col><b>Penal laws</b></col>, <col><b>Penal statutes</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>laws prohibited certain acts, and imposing penalties
for committing them.</cd> -- <col><b>Penal servitude</b></col>,
<cd>imprisonment with hard labor, in a prison, in lieu of
transportation.</cd> [Great Brit.] -- <col><b>Penal suit</b></col>,
<col><b>Penal action</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a suit for
penalties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pe*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>poenalitas</i>. See <u>Penalty</u>.] <def>The quality or state of
being penal; lability to punishment.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe"nal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make penal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Sport.)</i> <def>To put a penalty on. See
<u>Penalty</u>, 3.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pe"nal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a penal
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"nal*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Penalties</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>p&eacute;nalit&eacute;</i>.
See <u>Penal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Penal retribution;
punishment for crime or offense; the suffering in person or property
which is annexed by law or judicial decision to the commission of a
crime, offense, or trespass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death is the <i>penalty</i> imposed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The suffering, or the sum to be forfeited,
to which a person subjects himself by covenant or agreement, in case
of nonfulfillment of stipulations; forfeiture; fine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>penalty</i> and forfeit of my bond.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A handicap.</def> [Sporting Cant]</p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>penalty</i> is in law mostly applied to a
pecuniary punishment.</p>

<p><col><b>Bill of pains and penalties</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>On</b></col>, or <col><b>Under</b></col>,
<col><b>penalty of</b></col>, <cd>on pain of; with exposure to the
penalty of, in case of transgression.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>penance</i>,
<i>peneance</i>, L. <i>paenitentia</i> repentance. See
<u>Penitence</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Repentance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif (Luke xv. 7).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pain; sorrow; suffering.</def> [Obs.] "Joy
or <i>penance</i> he feeleth none."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A means of repairing a sin
committed, and obtaining pardon for it, consisting partly in the
performance of expiatory rites, partly in voluntary submission to a
punishment corresponding to the transgression. Penance is the fourth
of seven sacraments in the Roman Catholic Church.</def>  <i>Schaff-
Herzog Encyc.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And bitter <i>penance</i>, with an iron
whip.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Quoth he, "The man hath <i>penance</i> done,<BR>
And <i>penance</i> more will do."</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Penanced</u> (?).] <def>To impose penance; to
punish.</def> "Some <i>penanced</i> lady elf."  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ance*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
penance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pe*nang" nut`</hw> (?). [From the native name.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The betel nut.</def> <i>Balfour (Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen*an"nu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pene</i>,
<i>paene</i>, almost + E. <i>annular</i>.] <def>Nearly annular; having
nearly the form of a ring.</def> "<i>Penannular</i> relics."  <i>D.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Penal.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*na"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>The household gods of the ancient Romans. They
presided over the home and the family hearth. See
<u>Lar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"aunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>penant</i>,
<i>peneant</i>. See <u>Penitent</u>.] <def>A penitent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Penny</u>. See <u>Penny</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Pen"cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pennoncel</u>.]
<def>A small, narrow flag or streamer borne at the top of a lance; --
called also <i>pennoncel</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pen`chant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>pencher</i> to bend, fr. (assumed) LL. <i>pendicare</i>, L.
<i>pendere</i>. See <u>Pendant</u>.] <def>Inclination; decided taste;
bias; as, a <i>penchant</i> for art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"chute`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Penstock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"cil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pincel</i>, F.
<i>pinceau</i>, L. <i>penicillum</i>, <i>penicillus</i>, equiv. to
<i>peniculus</i>, dim. of <i>penis</i> a tail.  Cf. <u>Penicil</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small, fine brush of hair or bristles used
by painters for laying on colors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With subtile <i>pencil</i> depainted was this
storie.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slender cylinder or strip of black lead,
colored chalk, slate etc., or such a cylinder or strip inserted in a
small wooden rod intended to be pointed, or in a case, which forms a
handle, -- used for drawing or writing. See <u>Graphite</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively, an artist's ability or
peculiar manner; also, in general, the act or occupation of the
artist, descriptive writer, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>An aggregate or collection of
rays of light, especially when diverging from, or converging to, a
point.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A number of lines that
intersect in one point, the point of intersection being called the
<i>pencil point</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A small medicated
bougie.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pencil case</b></col>, <cd>a holder for pencil lead.</cd> -
- <col><b>Pencil flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American
perennial leguminous herb (<i>Stylosanthes elatior</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Pencil lead</b></col>, <cd>a slender rod of black lead, or the
like, adapted for insertion in a holder.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pen"cil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Penciled</u> (?) or <u>Pencilled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Penciling</u> or <u>Pencilling</u>.] <def>To write
or mark with a pencil; to paint or to draw.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where nature <i>pencils</i> butterflies on
flowers.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ciled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>pencilled</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Painted, drawn, sketched,
or marked with a pencil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Radiated; having pencils of rays.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Marked with parallel or
radiating lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"cil*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>pencilling</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The work of the pencil or
bruch; as, delicate <i>penciling</i> in a picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Brickwork)</i> <def>Lines of white or black
paint drawn along a mortar joint in a brick wall.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pen"cil*late</hw> (?), <hw>Pen"cil*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like a pencil; penicillate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"craft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Penmanship; skill in writing; chirography.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of composing or writing;
authorship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would not give a groat for that person's knowledge in
<i>pencraft</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1060 !></p>

<p><hw>Pend</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Oil cake;
penock.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Pend</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pending</u>.] [L. <i>pendere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hang;
to depend.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pending</i> upon certain powerful
motions.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be undecided, or in process of
adjustment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pend</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>pen</i> to shut in,
or AS. <i>pyndan</i>, E. <i>pound</i> an inclosure.] <def>To pen; to
confine.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>ended</i> within the limits . . . of
Greece.</blockquote> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pend"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., orig. p. pr. of
<i>pendre</i> to hang, L. <i>pendere</i>.  Cf. <u>Pendent</u>,
<u>Pansy</u>, <u>Pensive</u>, <u>Poise</u>, <u>Ponder</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something which hangs or depends; something
suspended; a hanging appendage, especially one of an ornamental
character; as to a chandelier or an eardrop; also, an appendix or
addition, as to a book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some hang upon the <i>pendants</i> of her
ear.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many . . . have been pleased with this work and its
<i>pendant</i>, the Tales and Popular Fictions.</blockquote>
<i>Keightley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A hanging ornament on roofs,
ceilings, etc., much used in the later styles of Gothic architecture,
where it is of stone, and an important part of the construction. There
are imitations in plaster and wood, which are mere decorative
features.</def> "[A bridge] with . . . <i>pendants</i> graven fair."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>One of a pair; a
counterpart; as, one vase is the <i>pendant</i> to the other
vase.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pendulum.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir K.
Digby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The stem and ring of a watch, by which it
is suspended.</def> [U.S.]  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pendant post</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a part of the
framing of an open timber roof; a post set close against the wall, and
resting upon a corbel or other solid support, and supporting the ends
of a collar beam or any part of the roof.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pend"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pendent</u>.]
<def>Slope; inclination.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pend"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being pendent or suspended.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being undecided, or
in continuance; suspense; as, the <i>pendency</i> of a suit.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pendens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>pendere</i> to hang, to be suspended.  Cf.
<u>Pendant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Supported from above;
suspended; depending; pendulous; hanging; as, a <i>pendent</i>
leaf.</def> "The <i>pendent</i> world."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Often their tresses, when shaken, with <i>pendent</i>
icicles tinkle.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Jutting over; projecting;
overhanging.</def> "A vapor sometime like a . . . <i>pendent</i>
rock."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen*den"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pendentif</i>, fr. L. <i>pendere</i> to hang.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The portion of a vault by means of which the
square space in the middle of a building is brought to an octagon or
circle to receive a cupola.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The part of
a groined vault which is supported by, and springs from, one pier or
corbel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pend"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pendent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"dice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pentice</u>.]
<def>A sloping roof; a lean-to; a penthouse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"di*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Appendicle</u>.] <def>An appendage; something dependent on another;
an appurtenance; a pendant.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen*di*cler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inferior
tenant; one who rents a pendicle or croft.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pend"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pendere</i> to
hang, to be suspended.  Cf. <u>Pendent</u>.] <def>Not yet decided; in
continuance; in suspense; as, a <i>pending</i> suit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pend"ing</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>During; as,
<i>pending</i> the trail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"drag*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chief leader
or a king; a head; a dictator; -- a title assumed by the ancient
British chiefs when called to lead other chiefs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dread <i>Pendragon</i>, Britain's king of
kings.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"du*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pendulous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"du*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To swing as
a pendulum.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pen"dule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
pendulum.</def> [R.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pen"du`line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Pendulum</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European titmouse
(<i>Parus, or &AElig;githalus, pendulinus</i>). It is noted for its
elegant pendulous purselike nest, made of the down of willow trees and
lined with feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`du*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pendulous</u>.] <def>The state or quality of being pendulous.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"du*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pendulus</i>,
fr. <i>pendere</i> to hang.  Cf. <u>Pendant</u>, and cf.
<u>Pendulum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Depending; pendent loosely;
hanging; swinging.</def> <i>Shak.</i> "The <i>pendulous</i> round
earth." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wavering; unstable; doubtful.</def> [R.] "A
<i>pendulous</i> state of mind."  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Inclined or hanging
downwards, as a flower on a recurved stalk, or an ovule which hangs
from the upper part of the ovary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"du*lous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pendulous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"du*lous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being pendulous; the state of hanging loosely;
pendulosity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"du*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pendulums</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>pendulus</i> hanging,
swinging. See <u>Pendulous</u>.] <def>A body so suspended from a fixed
point as to swing freely to and fro by the alternate action of gravity
and momentum. It is used to regulate the movements of clockwork and
other machinery.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The time of oscillation of a pendulum is independent of the
arc of vibration, provided this arc be small.</p>

<p><col><b>Ballistic pendulum</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Ballistic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Compensation pendulum</b></col>,
<cd>a clock pendulum in which the effect of changes of temperature of
the length of the rod is so counteracted, usually by the opposite
expansion of differene metals, that the distance of the center of
oscillation from the center of suspension remains invariable; as, the
<i>mercurial compensation pendulum</i>, in which the expansion of the
rod is compensated by the opposite expansion of mercury in a jar
constituting the bob; the <i>gridiron pendulum</i>, in which
compensation is effected by the opposite expansion of sets of rodsof
different metals.</cd> -- <col><b>Compound pendulum</b></col>, <cd>an
ordinary pendulum; -- so called, as being made up of different parts,
and contrasted with <i>simple pendulum</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Conical</b></col> or <col><b>Revolving</b></col>,
<col><b>pendulum</b></col>, <cd>a weight connected by a rod with a
fixed point; and revolving in a horizontal cyrcle about the vertical
from that point.</cd> -- <col><b>Pendulum bob</b></col>, <cd>the
weight at the lower end of a pendulum.</cd> -- <col><b>Pendulum
level</b></col>, <cd>a plumb level. See under <u>Level</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pendulum wheel</b></col>, <cd>the balance of a watch.</cd> --
<col><b>Simple</b></col> or <col><b>Theoretical</b></col>,
<col><b>pendulum</b></col>, <cd>an imaginary pendulum having no
dimensions except length, and no weight except at the center of
oscillation; in other words, a material point suspended by an ideal
line.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*nel"o*pe</hw> (p&esl;*n&ebreve;l"&osl;*p&emacr;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From. L. <i>Penelope</i>, the wife of Ulysses,
the hero of the Odyssey, Gr. <grk>Phnelo`ph</grk>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of curassows, including the
guans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`e*tra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;n&eacute;trabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
penetrable; susceptibility of being penetrated, entered, or
pierced.</def>  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"e*tra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>penetrabilus</i>: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;n&eacute;trable</i>.]
<def>Capable of being penetrated, entered, or pierced. Used also
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And pierce his only <i>penetrable</i>
part.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am not made of stones,<BR>
But <i>penetrable</i> to your kind entreats.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pen"e*tra*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pen"e*tra*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pen"e*trail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Penetralia.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pen`e*tra"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>penetralis</i> penetrating, internal. See <u>Penetrate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The recesses, or innermost parts, of any thing
or place, especially of a temple or palace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hidden things or secrets; privacy;
sanctuary; as, the sacred <i>penetralia</i> of the home.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pen"e*trance</hw> (?), <hw>Pen"e*tran*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being penetrant;
power of entering or piercing; penetrating power of quality; as, the
<i>penetrancy</i> of subtile effluvia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"e*trant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>penetrans</i>, p. pr. of <i>penetrare</i>: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;n&eacute;trant</i>.] <def>Having power to enter or pierce;
penetrating; sharp; subtile; as, <i>penetrant</i> cold.</def>
"<i>Penetrant</i> and powerful arguments."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"e*trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Penetrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Penetrating</u>.] [L. <i>penetratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>penetrare</i> to penetrate; akin to <i>penitus</i> inward,
inwardly, and perh. to <i>pens</i> with, in the power of, <i>penus</i>
store of food, innermost part of a temple.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
enter into; to make way into the interior of; to effect an entrance
into; to pierce; as, light <i>penetrates</i> darkness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To affect profoundly through the senses or
feelings; to touch with feeling; to make sensible; to move deeply; as,
to <i>penetrate</i> one's heart with pity.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The translator of Homer should <i>penetrate</i> himself
with a sense of the plainness and directness of Homer's
style.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pierce into by the mind; to arrive at
the inner contents or meaning of, as of a mysterious or difficult
subject; to comprehend; to understand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Things which here were too subtile for us to
<i>penetrate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"e*trate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass; to make
way; to pierce. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Preparing to <i>penetrate</i> to the north and
west.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Born where Heaven's influence scarce can
<i>penetrate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sweet of life that <i>penetrates</i> so
near.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"e*tra`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the power of entering, piercing, or
pervading; sharp; subtile; penetrative; as, a <i>penetrating</i>
odor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acute; discerning; sagacious; quick to
discover; as, a <i>penetrating</i> mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"e*tra`ting*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
penetrating manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"e*tra`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>penetratio</i>: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;n&eacute;tration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of penetrating, piercing,
or entering; also, the act of mentally penetrating into, or
comprehending, anything difficult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And to each in ward part,<BR>
With gentle <i>penetration</i>, though unseen,<BR>
Shoots invisible virtue even to the deep.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>penetration</i> into the difficulties of
algebra.</blockquote> <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acuteness; insight; sharp discoverment;
sagacity; as, a person of singular <i>penetration</i>.</def>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Discernment; sagacity; acuteness; sharpness;
discrimination. See <u>Discernment</u>, and <u>Sagacity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pen"e*tra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;n&eacute;tratif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending to
penetrate; of a penetrating quality; piercing; as, the
<i>penetrative</i> sun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His look became keen and
<i>penetrative</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the power to affect or impress the
mind or heart; impressive; as, <i>penetrative</i> shame.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Acute; discerning; sagacious; as,
<i>penetrative</i> wisdom.</def> "The <i>penetrative</i> eye."
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Led on by skill of <i>penetrative</i>
soul.</blockquote> <i>Grainger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"e*tra*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being penetrative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A squid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pinfold</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"go*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i><def>The pangolin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"guin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. orig. the name
of another bird, and fr. W. <i>pen</i> head + <i>gwyn</i> white; or
perh. from a native South American name.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird of the order Impennes, or
Ptilopteri. They are covered with short, thick feathers, almost
scalelike on the wings, which are without true quills. They are unable
to fly, but use their wings to aid in diving, in which they are very
expert. See <i>King penguin</i>, under <u>Jackass</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Penguins are found in the south temperate and antarctic
regions. The king penguins (<i>Aptenodytes Patachonica</i>, and <i>A.
longirostris</i>) are the largest; the jackass penguins
(<i>Spheniscus</i>) and the rock hoppers (<i>Catarractes</i>)
congregate in large numbers at their breeding grounds.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The egg-shaped fleshy fruit
of a West Indian plant (<i>Bromelia Pinguin</i>) of the Pineapple
family; also, the plant itself, which has rigid, pointed, and spiny-
toothed leaves, and is used for hedges.</def> [Written also
<i>pinguin</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Arctic penguin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the great
auk. See <u>Auk</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pen"guin*er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A breeding place, or rookery, of
penguins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A handle for a
pen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
penthouse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pen*i"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>penible</i>.
Cf. <u>Painable</u>.] <def>Painstaking; assidous.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"i*cil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>penicillum</i>,
<i>penicillus</i>, a painter's brush, a roil of lint, a tent for
wounds.] <i>(mented.)</i> <def>A tent or pledget for wounds or
ulcers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`i*cil"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;nicill&eacute;</i>. See <u>Penicil</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Having the form of a pencil; furnished with a pencil of fine
hairs; ending in a tuft of hairs like a camel's-hair brush, as the
stigmas of some grasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`i*cil"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Penicillate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*in"su*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peninsula</i> or <i>paeninsula</i>; <i>paene</i> almost +
<i>insula</i> an island. See <u>Isle</u>.] <def>A portion of land
nearly surrounded by water, and connected with a larger body by a
neck, or isthmus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*in"su*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;ninsulaire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a peninsula; as,
a <i>peninsular</i> form; <i>peninsular</i> people; the
<i>peninsular</i> war.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*in"su*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Peninsulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Peninsulating</u>.] <def>To form into a
peninsula.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>South River . . . <i>peninsulates</i> Castle Hill
farm.</blockquote> <i>W. Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe"nis</hw> (p&emacr;"n&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The male member, or organ of generation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"i*tence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;nitence</i>, L. <i>paenitentia</i>. See <u>Penitent</u>,
and cf. <u>Penance</u>.] <def>The quality or condition of being
penitent; the disposition of a penitent; sorrow for sins or faults;
repentance; contrition.</def> "<i>Penitence</i> of his old guilt."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Death is deferred, and <i>penitenance</i> has room<BR>
To mitigate, if not reverse, the doom.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Repentance; contrition; compunction.</p>

<p><hw>Pen"i*ten*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;nitencier</i>.] <def>A priest who heard confession and
enjoined penance in extraordinary cases.</def> [Written also
<i>penitenser</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"i*ten*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Penitence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pen"i*tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;nitent</i>, L. <i>paenitens</i>, <i>-entis</i>,
<i>poenitens</i>, p. pr. of <i>paenitere</i>, <i>poenitere</i>, to
cause to repent, to repent; prob. akin to <i>poena</i> punishment. See
<u>Pain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Feeling pain or sorrow on
account of sins or offenses; repentant; contrite; sincerely affected
by a sense of guilt, and resolved on amendment of life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be <i>penitent</i>, and for thy fault
contrite.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The pound he tamed, the <i>penitent</i> he
cheered.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Doing penance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"i*tent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who repents of sin; one sorrowful on account of his
transgressions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One under church censure, but admitted to
penance; one undergoing penance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One under the direction of a
confessor.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Penitents</i> is an appellation given to certain
fraternities in Roman Catholic countries, distinguished by their
habit, and employed in charitable acts.</p>

<p><hw>Pen`i*ten"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;nitentiel</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to penitence, or to
penance; expressing penitence; of the nature of penance; as, the
<i>penitential</i> book; <i>penitential</i> tears.</def>
"<i>Penitential</i> stripes."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Guilt that all the <i>penitential</i> fires of
hereafter can not cleanse.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen`i*ten"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>A book formerly used by priests hearing confessions, containing
rules for the imposition of penances; -- called also <i>penitential
book</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`i*ten"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
penitential manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`i*ten"tia*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;nitentiaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to
penance, or to the rules and measures of penance.</def> "A
<i>penitentiary</i> tax."  <i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressive of penitence; as, a
<i>penitentiary</i> letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Used for punishment, discipline, and
reformation.</def> "<i>Penitentiary</i> houses."
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen`i*ten"tia*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Penitentiaries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;nitencier</i>. See <u>Penitent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who prescribes the rules and measures of penance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who does penance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small building in a monastery where
penitents confessed.</def>  <i>Shpiley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That part of a church to which penitents
were admitted.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
office of the papal court which examines cases of conscience,
confession, absolution from vows, etc., and delivers decisions,
dispensations, etc.  Its chief is a cardinal, called the <i>Grand
Penitentiary</i>, appointed by the pope.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An officer in some dioceses since <u>A. D.</u> 1215, vested with
power from the bishop to absolve in cases reserved to him.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A house of correction, in which offenders
are confined for punishment, discipline, and reformation, and in which
they are generally compelled to labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`i*ten"tia*ry*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office or condition of a penitentiary of the papal court.</def> [R.]
<i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"i*tent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a penitent
manner.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1061 !></p>

<p><hw>Penk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A minnow. See
<u>Pink</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"knife`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Penknives</b></plw> (#). [<i>Pen</i> + <i>knife</i>.] <def>A
small pocketknife; formerly, a knife used for making and mending quill
pens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Penmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who uses
the pen; a writer; esp., one skilled in the use of the pen; a
calligrapher; a writing master.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An author; a composer.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use of the pen
in writing; the art of writing; style or manner of writing;
chirography; as, good or bad <i>penmanship</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pen"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Penn&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
perfect, or normal, feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or pertaining to a normal feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"nach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pennache</i>.
See <u>Panache</u>.] <def>A bunch of feathers; a plume.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"nached</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>pennach&eacute;</i>. See <u>Panache</u>.] <def>Variegated;
striped.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>penna</i>
feather.] <def>Feathery covering; plumage.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>penon</i>,
<i>penoun</i>, <i>pynoun</i>, OF. <i>penon</i>, F. <i>pennon</i>, fr.
L. <i>penna</i> feather. See <u>Pen</u> a feather, and cf.
<u>Pennon</u>, <u>Pinion</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A small flag; a pennon. The <i>narrow, or long, pennant</i>
(called also <i>whip</i> or <i>coach whip</i>) is a long, narrow piece
of bunting, carried at the masthead of a government vessel in
commission. The <i>board pennant</i> is an oblong, nearly square flag,
carried at the masthead of a commodore's vessel.</def> "With flags and
<i>pennants</i> trimmed." <i>Drayton.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
rope or strap to which a purchase is hooked.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pen"nate</hw> (?), <hw>Pen"na*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pennatus</i> feathered, winged, from
<i>penna</i> feather, wing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Winged; plume-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Pinnate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pen*nat"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Pennatul&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Pennatulas</b></plw>
(#). [NL., fr. L. <i>penna</i> a feather.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of <i>Pennatula</i>,
<i>Pteroides</i>, and allied genera of Alcyonaria, having a
featherlike form; a sea-pen. The zooids are situated along one edge of
the side branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pen*nat`u*la"ce*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pennatula</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of alcyonoid
corals, including the seapens and related kinds. They are able to move
about by means of the hollow muscular peduncle, which also serves to
support them upright in the mud. See <u>Pennatula</u>, and
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Alcyonaria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Penned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Winged; having plumes.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Written with a pen; composed.</def> "Their
<i>penned</i> speech."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who pens; a writer.</def>  <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A case for holding pens.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pen"ni*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>penna</i>
feather + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>penniforme</i>.] <def>Having the
form of a feather or plume.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*nig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>penniger</i>; <i>penna</i> feather + <i>gerere</i> to bear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bearing feathers or quills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ni*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Penny</u>.]
<def>Destitute of money; impecunious; poor.</def> --
<wf>Pen"ni*less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ni*nerved`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>penna</i>
feather + E. <i>nerve</i>.] <def>Pinnately veined or nerved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*nip"o*tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pennipotens</i>; <i>penna</i> wing + <i>potens</i> strong.]
<def>Strong of wing; strong on the wing.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Davies
(Holy Roode).</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pinion</u>.]
<def>A wing; a pinion.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"non</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pennant</u>.] <def>A
pennant; a flag or streamer.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pen"non*cel`</hw>, <hw>Pen"non*celle`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>penoncel</i>. See <u>Pennant</u>.]
<def>See <u>Pencel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Perh. a corruption of
<i>pun</i>, for <i>pound</i>.] <def>Denoting pound weight for one
thousand; -- used in combination, with respect to nails; as,
ten<i>penny</i> nails, nails of which one thousand weight ten
pounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pennies</b></plw> (#) or <plw><b>Pence</b></plw> (&?;).
<i>Pennies</i> denotes the number of coins; <i>pence</i> the amount of
pennies in value. [OE. <i>peni</i>, AS. <i>penig</i>, <i>pening</i>,
<i>pending</i>; akin to D. <i>penning</i>, OHG. <i>pfenning</i>,
<i>pfenting</i>, G. <i>pfennig</i>, Icel. <i>penningr</i>; of
uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An English coin, formerly
of copper, now of bronze, the twelfth part of an English shilling in
account value, and equal to four farthings, or about two cents; --
usually indicated by the abbreviation d. (the initial of
<i>denarius</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; "The chief Anglo-Saxon coin, and for a long period the only
one, corresponded to the <i>denarius</i> of the Continent . . . [and
was] called <i>penny</i>, denarius, or denier." <i>R. S. Poole.</i>
The ancient silver <i>penny</i> was worth about three pence sterling
(see <u>Pennyweight</u>). The old Scotch <i>penny</i> was only one
twelfth the value of the English coin. In the United States the word
<i>penny</i> is popularly used for <i>cent</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any small sum or coin; a groat; a
stiver.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Money, in general; as, to turn an honest
<i>penny</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>penny</i> hath Rome borne,<BR>
What men provided, what munition sent?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>See
<u>Denarius</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Penny cress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an annual herb of
the Mustard family, having round, flat pods like silver pennies
(<i>Thlaspi arvense</i>).</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Penny
dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a kind of shark found on the
South coast of Britain: the tope.</cd> -- <col><b>Penny
father</b></col>, <cd>a penurious person; a niggard.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Robinson (More's Utopia).</i> -- <col><b>Penny grass</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>pennyroyal.</cd> [R.] -- <col><b>Penny
post</b></col>, <cd>a post carrying a letter for a penny; also, a mail
carrier.</cd> -- <col><b>Penny wise</b></col>, <cd>wise or prudent
only in small matters; saving small sums while losing larger; -- used
chiefly in the phrase, <i>penny wise</i> and pound foolish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worth or costing one
penny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ny-a-lin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
furnishes matter to public journals at so much a line; a poor writer
for hire; a hack writer.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ny*roy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
OE. <i>puliall royal</i>. OE. <i>puliall</i> is ultimately derived fr.
L. <i>puleium</i>, or <i>pulegium</i> regium (so called as being good
against fleas), fr. <i>pulex</i> a flea; and <i>royal</i> is a
translation of L. <i>regium</i>, in <i>puleium regium</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aromatic herb (<i>Mentha Pulegium</i>) of
Europe; also, a North American plant (<i>Hedeoma pulegioides</i>)
resembling it in flavor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bastard pennyroyal</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Blue
curls</i>, under <u>Blue</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ny*weight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A troy
weight containing twenty-four grains, or the twentieth part of an
ounce; as, a <i>pennyweight</i> of gold or of arsenic. It was
anciently the weight of a silver penny, whence the name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ny*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A European trailing herb (<i>Linaria Cymbalaria</i>) with
roundish, reniform leaves. It is often cultivated in hanging
baskets.</def></p>

<p><col><b>March</b></col>, or <col><b>Water</b></col>,
<col><b>pennywort</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>March</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ny*worth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A penny's worth; as much as may be bought for a penny.</def> "A
dear <i>pennyworth</i>."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: The full value of one's penny
expended; due return for money laid out; a good bargain; a
bargain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The priests sold the better
<i>pennyworths</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small quantity; a trifle.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pend</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to penology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in, or a student of, penology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, or L.
<i>poena</i>, punishment + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science or art of
punishment.</def> [Written also <i>p&oelig;nology</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pen"rack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rack for pens
not in use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pens</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos>
of <u>Penny</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"sa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pensive.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pencel.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Held
aloft.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pensilis</i>,
fr. <i>pendere</i> to hang: cf. OE. <i>pensil</i>. See
<u>Pendant</u>.] <def>Hanging; suspended; pendent; pendulous.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The long, <i>pensile</i> branches of the
birches.</blockquote> <i>W. Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"sile*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or quality
of being pensile; pendulousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>pensio</i> a paying, payment, fr. <i>pendere</i>, <i>pensum</i>, to
weight, to pay; akin to <i>pend&?;re</i> to hang. See <u>Pendant</u>,
and cf. <u>Spend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A payment; a tribute;
something paid or given.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The stomach's <i>pension</i>, and the time's
expense.</blockquote> <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stated allowance to a person in
consideration of past services; payment made to one retired from
service, on account of age, disability, or other cause; especially, a
regular stipend paid by a government to retired public officers,
disabled soldiers, the families of soldiers killed in service, or to
meritorious authors, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To all that kept the city <i>pensions</i> and
wages.</blockquote> <i>1 Esd. iv. 56.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A certain sum of money paid to a clergyman
in lieu of tithes.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [F., pronounced &?;.] <def>A boarding house or
boarding school in France, Belgium, Switzerland, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"sion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pensioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pensioning</u>.] <def>To grant a pension to; to pay a regular
stipend to; in consideration of service already performed; --
sometimes followed by <i>off</i>; as, to <i>pension</i> off a
servant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One knighted Blackmore, and one <i>pensioned</i>
Quarles.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Maintained by a pension; receiving a pension; as,
<i>pensionary</i> spies.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of a pension; as, a
<i>pensionary</i> provision for maintenance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pensionaries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>pensionnaire</i>.  Cf.
<u>Pensioner</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who receives a pension;
a pensioner.</def>  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the chief magistrates of towns in
Holland.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grand pensionary</b></col>, <cd>the title of the prime
minister, or or president of the Council, of Holland when a
republic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pen"sion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One in receipt of a pension; hence, figuratively, a
dependent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fickle <i>pensioners</i> of Morpheus'
train.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Old <i>pensioners</i> . . . of Chelsea
Hospital.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of an honorable band of gentlemen who
attend the sovereign of England on state occasions, and receive an
annual pension, or allowance, of &pound;150 and two horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>pensionnaire</i> one who pays for his
board.  Cf. <u>Pensionary</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>In the
university of Cambridge, England, one who pays for his living in
commons; -- corresponding to <i>commoner</i> at Oxford.</def>  <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>pensif</i>, fr.
<i>penser</i> to think, fr. L. <i>pensare</i> to weigh, ponder,
consider, v. intens. fr. <i>pendere</i> to weigh. See <u>Pension</u>,
<u>Poise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thoughtful, sober, or sad;
employed in serious reflection; given to, or favorable to, earnest or
melancholy musing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pensive</i> secrecy of desert cell.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Anxious cares the <i>pensive</i> nymph
oppressed.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing or suggesting thoughtfulness
with sadness; as, <i>pensive</i> numbers.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"sived</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made
pensive.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"sive*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pensive
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being pensive; serious thoughtfulness; seriousness.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"stock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain;
perh. fr. <i>pen</i> an inclosure + <i>stock</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A close conduit or pipe for conducting water, as, to a water
wheel, or for emptying a pond, or for domestic uses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The barrel of a wooden pump.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pent</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. or a.</i></pos> [From <u>Pen</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Penned or shut up; confined; -- often
with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here in the body <i>pent</i>.</blockquote> <i>J.
Montgomery.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>pent-up</i> Utica contracts your
powers.</blockquote> <i>J. M. Sewall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ta-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?;, a later combining form of &?; five.
See <u>Five</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A combining form denoting
<i>five</i>; as, <i>penta</i>capsular; <i>penta</i>gon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Denoting the degree of
<i>five</i>, either as regards quality, property, or composition; as,
<i>penta</i>sulphide; <i>pent</i>oxide, etc.  Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*ba"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
<i>basic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of uniting with five
molecules of a monacid base; having five acid hydrogen atoms capable
of substitution by a basic radical; -- said of certain
acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*cap"su*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i>
+ <i>capsular</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having five capsules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*che"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Penta-</u>, and <u>Achenium</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A dry fruit
composed of five carpels, which are covered by an epigynous calyx and
separate at maturity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*chlo"ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i>
+ <i>chloride</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A chloride having five atoms
of chlorine in each molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ta*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pentachordus</i> five-stringed, Gr. &?;; &?; five + &?; string.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ancient instrument of music with five
strings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An order or system of five sounds.</def>
<i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tac"id</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pent</i>a- +
<i>acid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of neutralizing, or
combining with, five molecules of a monobasic acid; having five
hydrogen atoms capable of substitution by acid residues; -- said of
certain complex bases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ta*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; five.]
<def>A figure composed of two equilateral triangles intersecting so as
to form a six-pointed star, -- used in early ornamental art, and also
with superstitious import by the astrologers and mystics of the Middle
Ages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*coc"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Penta-
</u>, <u>Coccus</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Composed of five united
carpels with one seed in each, as certain fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ta*con`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>See <u>Penteconter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tac"ri*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A red and purple pigment found in certain crinoids of
the genus Pentacrinus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tac"ri*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
Gr. &?; a lily.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
Pentacrinus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tac"ri*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Pentacrinus</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
immature comatula when it is still attached by a stem, and thus
resembles a Pentacrinus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pen*tac"ri*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Penta-</u>, and <u>Crinum</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
large, stalked crinoids, of which several species occur in deep water
among the West Indies and elsewhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*ta"cron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Pentacra</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Pentacrons</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; five + &?; a summit.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid
having five summits or angular points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*cros"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
<i>acrostic</i>.] <def>A set of verses so disposed that the name
forming the subject of the acrostic occurs five times -- the whole set
of verses being divided into five different parts from top to
bottom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a body of
five, fr. &?; five.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any element, atom, or
radical, having a valence of five, or which can be combined with,
substituted for, or compared with, five atoms of hydrogen or other
monad; as, nitrogen is a <i>pentad</i> in the ammonium
compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tad</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having
the valence of a pentad.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pen`ta*dac"tyl</hw>, <hw>Pen`ta*dac"tyle</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; with five fingers or toes. See <u>Penta-
</u>, and <u>Dactyl</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having five digits to the hand or foot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having five appendages resembling fingers
or toes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*dac"tyl*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Pentadactyl</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the
form of, or a structure modified from, a pentadactyl limb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*dec"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
Gr. &?; ten.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon of the paraffin
series, (C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>32</sub>) found in petroleum, tar oil,
etc., and obtained as a colorless liquid; -- so called from the
<i>fifteen</i> carbon atoms in the molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*dec`a*to"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-
</i> + <i>decatoic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
derived from, pentadecane, or designating an acid related to
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*decyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
<i>decylic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Quindecylic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*del"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i>
+ Gr. &?; brother.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the stamens arranged in
five clusters, those of each cluster having their filaments more or
less united, as the flowers of the linden.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1062 !></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ta*fid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> + root
of L. <i>findere</i> to split.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided or cleft
into five parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ta*glot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
<i>-glot</i>, as in <i>polyglot</i>.] <def>A work in five different
tongues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ta*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; (see
<u>Penta-</u>) + <grk>gwni`a</grk> angle: cf. L. <i>pentagonium</i>,
F. <i>pentagone</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane figure having five
angles, and, consequently, five sides; any figure having five
angles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Regular pentagon</b></col>, <cd>a pentagon in which the
angles are all equal, and the sides all equal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tag"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pentagonal</i>, <i>pentagone</i>, L. <i>pentagonus</i>,
<i>pentagonius</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Having five corners or
angles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pentagonal dodecahedron</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Dodecahedron</u>, and <u>Pyritohedron</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tag"o*nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the form
of a pentagon; with five angles.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tag"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pentagonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ta*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, neut. of
&?; having five lines. See <u>Penta-</u>, and <u>-gram</u>.] <def>A
pentacle or a pentalpha.</def> "Like a wizard <i>pentagram</i>."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pen`ta*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pen`ta*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. <i>pantographic</i>, <i>-
ical</i>.] <def>Pantographic. See <u>Pantograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pen`ta*gyn"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; (see <u>Penta-</u>) + &?; female.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Linn&aelig;an order of plants, having five styles or
pistils.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pen`ta*gyn"i*an</hw> (?), <hw>Pen*tag"y*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to plants of
the order Pentagyna; having five styles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having five
sides; as, a <i>pentahedral</i> figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*hed"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pentahedral.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
Gr. <grk>"e`dra</grk> seat, base.] <def>A solid figure having five
sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*he"drous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pentahedral.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A peculiar insectivore (<i>Ptilocercus Lowii</i>) of Borneo; --
so called from its very long, quill-shaped tail, which is scaly at the
base and plumose at the tip.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pen*tal"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>pentalpha</i>. See <u>Penta-</u>, and <u>Alpha</u>.] <def>A
five-pointed star, resembling five alphas joined at their bases; --
used as a symbol.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||Pen*tam"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pentamerous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive division of
Coleoptera, including those that normally have five-jointed tarsi. It
embraces about half of all the known species of the
Coleoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tam"er*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Pentamera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tam"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
Gr. &?; part.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Divided into, or
consisting of, five parts; also, arranged in sets, with five parts in
each set, as a flower with five sepals, five petals, five, or twice
five, stamens, and five pistils.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the
Pentamera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pen*tam"e*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pentamerous</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of extinct
Paleozoic brachiopods, often very abundant in the Upper
Silurian.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pentamerus limestone</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a
Silurian limestone composed largely of the shells of
Pentamerus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tam"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;;
&?; (see <u>Penta-</u>) + &?; measure.] <i>(Gr. &amp; L.Pros.)</i> <def>A
verse of five feet.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The dactylic pentameter consists of two parts separated by a
di&aelig;resis. Each part consists of two dactyls and a long syllable.
The spondee may take the place of the dactyl in the first part, but
not in the second. The <i>elegiac distich</i> consists of the
hexameter followed by the pentameter.  <i>Harkness.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tam"e*ter</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having five
metrical feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*meth"yl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-
</i> + <i>methylene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical
hydrocarbon, C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>, metameric with the amylenes,
and the nucleus of a large number of derivatives; -- so named because
regarded as composed of five methylene residues.  Cf.
<u>Trimethylene</u>, and <u>Tetramethylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pen*tan"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; (see <u>Penta-</u>) + &?;, &?;, man, male.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A Linn&aelig;an class of plants having five separate
stamens.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pen*tan"dri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Pen*tan"drous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the class
Pentadria; having five stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Penta-</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of the three metameric hydrocarbons,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>12</sub>, of the methane or paraffin series. They
are colorless, volatile liquids, two of which occur in petroleum. So
called because of the <i>five</i> carbon atoms in the
molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tan`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pent</i>a- +
<i>angle</i>.] <def>A pentagon.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tan"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pent</i>a- +
<i>angular</i>.] <def>Having five corners or angles.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i>
+ <i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having five petals, or flower
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*taph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i>
+ Gr. &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having five leaves or
leaflets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tap"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A measure or series
consisting of five feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tap*tote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. (<i>pl</i>.)
<i>pentaptota</i>. Gr. &?; with five cases; &?; (see <u>Penta-</u>) +
&?; falling.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A noun having five cases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tap*tych</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, a fold.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A picture, or
combination of pictures, consisting of a centerpiece and double
folding doors or wings, as for an altarpiece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tar*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>pentarchie</i>. See <u>Penta-</u>, and <u>-archy</u>.] <def>A
government in the hands of five persons; five joint rulers.</def>
<i>P. Fletcher.</i> "The <i>pentarchy</i> of the senses." <i>A.
Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ta*spast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pentaspaston</i>, Gr. &?; (see <u>Penta-</u>) + &?; to pull: cf. F.
<i>pentaspaste</i>.] <def>A purchase with five pulleys.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*sper"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i>
+ Gr. &?; seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Containing five seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ta*stich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of five
verses; &?; (see <u>Penta-</u>) + &?; line, verse.] <def>A composition
consisting of five verses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tas"ti*chous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i>
+ Gr. &?; a row.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having, or arranged in, five
vertical ranks, as the leaves of an apple tree or a cherry
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pen`ta*stom"i*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
&?; (see <u>Penta-</u>) + &?; a mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Linguatulina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ta*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
Gr. &?; a pillar.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having five columns in front; -
- said of a temple or portico in classical architecture.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A portico having five columns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"ta*teuch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pentateuchus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; (see <u>Penta-</u>) + &?; a tool,
implement, a book, akin to &?; to prepare, make ready, and perh. to E.
<i>text</i>. See <u>Five</u>, and <u>Text</u>.] <def>The first five
books of the Old Testament, collectively; -- called also the <i>Law of
Moses</i>, <i>Book of the Law of Moses</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*teu"chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Pentateuch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*thi*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i>
+ <i>thionic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
an acid of sulphur obtained by leading hydrogen sulphide into a
solution of sulphur dioxide; -- so called because it contains
<i>five</i> atoms of sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pen*tath"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; five + &?; a contest.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A fivefold
athletic performance peculiar to the great national games of the
Greeks, including leaping, foot racing, wrestling, throwing the
discus, and throwing the spear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`ta*tom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
<i>atomic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having five
atoms in the molecule.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having five
hydrogen atoms capable of substitution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tav"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
L. <i>valens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Valence</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Having a valence of five; -- said of certain atoms and
radicals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"te*con`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; (sc.
&?;), fr. &?; fifty.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A Grecian vessel with
fifty oars.</def> [Written also <i>pentaconter</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pen"te*cost</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pentecoste</i>, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;) the fiftieth day, Pentecost, fr.
&?; fiftieth, fr. &?; fifty, fr. &?; five. See <u>Five</u>, and cf.
<u>Pingster</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A solemn festival of the
Jews; -- so called because celebrated on the fiftieth day (seven
weeks) after the second day of the Passover (which fell on the
sixteenth of the Jewish month Nisan); -- hence called, also, the
<i>Feast of Weeks</i>. At this festival an offering of the first
fruits of the harvest was made. By the Jews it was generally regarded
as commemorative of the gift of the law on the fiftieth day after the
departure from Egypt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A festival of the Roman Catholic and other
churches in commemoration of the descent of the Holy Spirit on the
apostles; which occurred on the day of Pentecost; -- called also
<i>Whitsunday</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen`te*cos"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Pentecost or to Whitsuntide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen`te*cos"tals</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>Offerings formerly made to the parish priest, or to the mother
church, at Pentecost.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen`te*cos"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; fifty.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>An officer in the
Spartan army commanding fifty men.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen`te*cos"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pentecosties</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; the fiftieth,
&?; fifty.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A troop of fifty soldiers in the
Spartan army; -- called also <i>pentecostys</i>.</def>  <i>Jowett
(Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pen*tel"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pen*tel"i*can</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Mount Pentelicus, near
Athens, famous for its fine white marble quarries; obtained from Mount
Pentelicus; as, the <i>Pentelic</i> marble of which the Parthenon is
built.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Penta-</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Amylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pent"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>pentice</i>.] <def>A shed or roof sloping from the main wall or
building, as over a door or window; a lean-to. Also
figuratively.</def> "The <i>penthouse</i> of his eyes."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pent"house`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Leaning;
overhanging.</def> "<i>Penthouse</i> lid." <i>Shak.</i> "My
<i>penthouse</i> eyebrows." <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>appentis</i> a
penthouse. See <u>Append</u>.] <def>A penthouse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tile`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pantile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Penta-</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An unsaturated hydrocarbon,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>8</sub>, of the acetylene series. Same as
<u>Valerylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*to"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Penta-</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or desingating, an acid (called
also <i>valeric acid</i>) derived from pentane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Penta-</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Valylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Penta-</i> +
<i>oxide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oxide containing five atoms of
oxygen in each molecule; as, phosphorus <i>pentoxide</i>,
P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tre*mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of Pentremites.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pen`tre*mi"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; five + L. <i>remus</i> an oar.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus
of crinoids belonging to the Blastoidea. They have five petal-like
ambulacra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pent"roof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pente</i>
slope + E. <i>roof</i>, or from <i>pent</i>house <i>roof</i>.]
<def>See <u>Lean-to</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"trough`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
penstock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pent</i>a + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>11</sub>, of pentane and certain of its
derivatives. Same as <u>Amyl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*tyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
derived from, or containing, pentyl; as, <i>pentylic</i>
alcohol</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pe"nu*chle</hw> (?), <hw>Pin"o*cle</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game at cards, played with forty-eight
cards, being all the cards above the eight spots in two
packs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"nult</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviated fr.
<i>penultima</i>.] <i>(Gram. &amp; Pros.)</i> <def>The last syllable but
one of a word; the syllable preceding the final one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*nul"ti*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. (sc.
<i>syllaba</i>), fr. <i>penultimus</i>, <i>paenultimus</i>, the last
but one; <i>paene</i> almost + <i>ultimus</i> the last.] <def>Same as
<u>Penult</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*nul"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Last but
one; as, the <i>penultimate</i> syllable, the last syllable but one of
a word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*nul"ti*mate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
penult.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*num"bra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>paene</i> almost + <i>umbra</i> shade.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
incomplete or partial shadow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The shadow cast, in an
eclipse, where the light is partly, but not wholly, cut off by the
intervening body; the space of partial illumination between the umbra,
or perfect shadow, on all sides, and the full light.</def>  <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The faint shade surrounding the dark central portion of a
solar spot is also called the <i>penumbra</i>, and sometimes
<i>umbra</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>The part of a picture where
the shade imperceptibly blends with the light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*num"brala</hw>. <def>Of or pertaining to a penumbra;
resembling a penumbra; partially illuminated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*nu"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Penury</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Excessively sparing in the use
of money; sordid; stingy; miserly.</def> "A <i>penurious</i> niggard
of his wealth."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not bountiful or liberal; scanty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here creeps along a poor, <i>penurious</i>
stream.</blockquote> <i>C. Pitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of money; suffering extreme
want.</def> [Obs.] "My <i>penurious</i> band."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Avaricious; covetous; parsimonious; miserly;
niggardly; stingy. See <u>Avaricious</u>.</p>

<p>--<wf>Pe*nu"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pe*nu"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pen"u*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>penuria</i>; cf.
Gr. &?; hunger, &?; poverty, need, &?; one who works for his daily
bread, a poor man, &?; to work for one's daily bread, to be poor: cf.
F. <i>p&eacute;nurie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Absence of
resources; want; privation; indigence; extreme poverty;
destitution.</def> "A <i>penury</i> of military forces."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They were exposed to hardship and
<i>penury</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It arises in neither from <i>penury</i> of
thought.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Penuriousness; miserliness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pen"wip`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cloth, or
other material, for wiping off or cleaning ink from a pen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Penwomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A female writer; an
authoress.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Poon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"on</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>peon</i>, or Pg.
<i>pe&?;o</i>, one who travels on foot, a foot soldier, a pawn in
chess. See <u>Pawn</u> in chess.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A foot
soldier; a policeman; also, an office attendant; a messenger.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A day laborer; a servant; especially, in
some of the Spanish American countries, debtor held by his creditor in
a form of qualified servitude, to work out a debt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chess)</i> <def>See 2d
<u>Pawn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"on*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of
a peon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"on*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Peonage</u>.</def>  <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Peonies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>pione</i>, <i>pioine</i>,
<i>pioni</i>, OF. <i>pione</i>, F. <i>pivoine</i>, L. <i>paeonia</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, &?;, the god of healing.  Cf. <u>P&aelig;an</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant, and its flower, of the ranunculaceous
genus <i>P&aelig;onia</i>. Of the four or five species, one is a
shrub; the rest are perennial herbs with showy flowers, often double
in cultivation.</def> [Written also <i>p&aelig;ony</i>, and
<i>piony</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 1063 !></p>

<p><hw>Peo"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>peple</i>,
<i>people</i>, OF. <i>pueple</i>, F. <i>peuple</i>, fr. L.
<i>populus</i>.  Cf. <u>Populage</u>, <u>Public</u>, <u>Pueblo</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The body of persons who compose a community,
tribe, nation, or race; an aggregate of individuals forming a whole; a
community; a nation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unto him shall the gathering of the <i>people</i>
be.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xlix. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ants are a <i>people</i> not strong.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xxx. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Before many <i>peoples</i>, and nations, and
tongues.</blockquote> <i>Rev. x. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Earth's monarchs are her <i>peoples</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Whitter.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A government of all the <i>people</i>, by all the
<i>people</i>, for all the <i>people</i>.</blockquote> <i>T.
Parker.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>People</i>is a collective noun, generally construed with
a plural verb, and only occasionally used in the plural form
(<i>peoples</i>), in the sense of nations or races.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Persons, generally; an indefinite number of
men and women; folks; population, or part of population; as, country
<i>people</i>; -- sometimes used as an indefinite subject or verb,
like <i>on</i> in French, and <i>man</i> in German; as, <i>people</i>
in adversity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>People</i> were tempted to lend by great
premiums.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>People</i> have lived twenty-four days upon nothing
but water.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The mass of comunity as distinguished from
a special class; the commonalty; the populace; the vulgar; the common
crowd; as, nobles and <i>people</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And strive to gain his pardon from the
<i>people</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> With a possessive pronoun: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One's ancestors or family; kindred; relations; as, my
<i>people</i> were English.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One's
subjects; fellow citizens; companions; followers.</def> "You slew
great number of his <i>people</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>People</u>, <u>Nation</u>.  When speaking of a
state, we use <i>people</i> for the mass of the community, as
distinguished from their rulers, and <i>nation</i> for the entire
political body, including the rulers. In another sense of the term,
<i>nation</i> describes those who are descended from the same stock;
and in this sense the Germans regard themselves as one <i>nation</i>,
though politically subject to different forms of government.</p>

<p><hw>Peo"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp;  p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Peopled</u> <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Peopling</u> (&?;).] [Cf. OF. <i>popler</i>, <i>puepler</i>, F.
<i>puepler</i>.  Cf. <u>Populate</u>.] <def>To stock with people or
inhabitants; to fill as with people; to populate.</def>
"<i>Peopled</i> heaven with angels."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As the gay motes that <i>people</i> the
sunbeams.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peo"pled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stocked with, or
as with, people; inhabited.</def> "The <i>peopled</i> air."
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peo"ple*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
people.</def>  <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peo"pler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A settler; an
inhabitant.</def> "<i>Peoplers</i> of the peaceful glen."  <i>J. S.
Blackie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Peo"plish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vulgar.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*o"ri*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Peoria</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>An Algonquin
tribe of Indians who formerly inhabited a part of Illinois.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*pas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to
ripen, suppurate: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;pastique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Maturative</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pep"e*rine</hw> (?), <hw>||Pep`e*ri"no</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>peperino</i>, L. <i>piper</i> pepper. So
called on account of its color.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A volcanic rock,
formed by the cementing together of sand, scoria, cinders,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pep"lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of plant,
Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants including water
purslane.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pep"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An upper garment worn by Grecian and Roman
women.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of kerchief formerly worn by
Englishwomen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pe"po</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of melon,
from Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any fleshy fruit with a firm rind,
as a pumpkin, melon, or gourd. See <u>Gourd</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>peper</i>, AS.
<i>pipor</i>, L. <i>piper</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, akin to Skr.
<i>pippala</i>, <i>pippali</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A well-known,
pungently aromatic condiment, the dried berry, either whole or
powdered, of the <i>Piper nigrum</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Common</i>, or <i>black</i>, <i>pepper</i> is made from
the whole berry, dried just before maturity; <i>white pepper</i> is
made from the ripe berry after the outer skin has been removed by
maceration and friction. It has less of the peculiar properties of the
plant than the black pepper.  Pepper is used in medicine as a
carminative stimulant.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The plant which yields
pepper, an East Indian woody climber (<i>Piper nigrum</i>), with ovate
leaves and apetalous flowers in spikes opposite the leaves. The
berries are red when ripe. Also, by extension, any one of the several
hundred species of the genus <i>Piper</i>, widely dispersed throughout
the tropical and subtropical regions of the earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any plant of the genus Capsicum, and its
fruit; red pepper; as, the bell <i>pepper</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>pepper</i> has been extended to various other
fruits and plants, more or less closely resembling the true pepper,
esp. to the common varieties of <i>Capsicum</i>. See <u>Capsicum</u>,
and the Phrases, below.</p>

<p><col><b>African pepper</b></col>, <cd>the Guinea pepper. See under
<u>Guinea</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cayenne pepper</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cayenne</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Chinese pepper</b></col>, <cd>the
spicy berries of the <i>Xanthoxylum piperitum</i>, a species of
prickly ash found in China and Japan.</cd> -- <col><b>Guinea
pepper</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Guinea</u>, and
<u>Capsicum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Jamaica pepper</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Allspice</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Long pepper</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The spike of berries of <i>Piper longum</i>,
an East Indian shrub</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The root of
<i>Piper, or Macropiper, methysticum</i>. See <u>Kava</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Malaguetta</b></col>, or <col><b>Meleguetta</b></col>,
<col><b>pepper</b></col>, <cd>the aromatic seeds of the <i>Amomum
Melegueta</i>, an African plant of the Ginger family. They are
sometimes used to flavor beer, etc., under the name of <i>grains of
Paradise</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red pepper</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Capsicum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet pepper bush</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American shrub (<i>Clethra alnifolia</i>), with
racemes of fragrant white flowers; -- called also <i>white
alder</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pepper box</b></col> or
<col><b>caster</b></col>, <cd>a small box or bottle, with a perforated
lid, used for sprinkling ground pepper on food, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Pepper corn</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Pepper elder</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian name
of several plants of the Pepper family, species of <i>Piper</i> and
<i>Peperomia</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pepper moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European moth (<i>Biston betularia</i>)
having white wings covered with small black specks.</cd> --
<col><b>Pepper pot</b></col>, <cd>a mucilaginous soup or stew of
vegetables and cassareep, much esteemed in the West Indies.</cd> --
<col><b>Pepper root</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>. <cd>See
<u>Coralwort</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>pepper sauce</b></col>, <cd>a
condiment for the table, made of small red peppers steeped in
vinegar.</cd> -- <col><b>Pepper tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
aromatic tree (<i>Drimys axillaris</i>) of the Magnolia family, common
in New Zealand. See <i>Peruvian mastic tree</i>, under
<u>Mastic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pep"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Peppered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Peppering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle or season with
pepper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: To shower shot or other
missiles, or blows, upon; to pelt; to fill with shot, or cover with
bruises or wounds.</def> "I have <i>peppered</i> two of them." "I am
<i>peppered</i>, I warrant, for this world."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pep"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fire numerous
shots (at).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"per*brand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See 1st <u>Bunt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"per*corn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A dried berry of the black pepper (<i>Piper
nigrum</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything insignificant; a
particle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"per dulse`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A variety of edible
seaweed (<i>Laurencia pinnatifida</i>) distinguished for its
pungency.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pep"per*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A grocer; --
formerly so called because he sold pepper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pep"per*grass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any herb of the cruciferous genus
<i>Lepidium</i>, especially the garden peppergrass, or garden cress,
<i>Lepidium sativum</i>; -- called also <i>pepperwort</i>. All the
species have a pungent flavor.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
common pillwort of Europe (<i>Pilularia globulifera</i>). See
<u>Pillwort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"per*idge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. NL.
<i>berberis</i>, E. <i>barberry</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A North
American tree (<i>Nyssa multiflora</i>) with very tough wood, handsome
oval polished leaves, and very acid berries, -- the sour gum, or
common tupelo. See <u>Tupelo</u>.</def> [Written also <i>piperidge</i>
and <i>pipperidge</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Pepperidge bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
barberry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pep"per*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hot; pungent;
peppery.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pep"per*mint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pepper</i> +
<i>mint</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aromatic and
pungent plant of the genus <i>Mentha</i> (<i>M. piperita</i>), much
used in medicine and confectionery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A volatile oil (oil of peppermint)
distilled from the fresh herb; also, a well-known essence or spirit
(essence of peppermint) obtained from it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A lozenge of sugar flavored with
peppermint.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Peppermint</b></col><cd> camphor. <i>(Chem.)</i> Same as
<u>Menthol</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Peppermint tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to several Australian species of gum
tree (<i>Eucalyptus amygdalina</i>, <i>E. piperita</i>, <i>E.
odorata</i>, etc.) which have hard and durable wood, and yield an
essential oil.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pep"per*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Peppergrass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to pepper; having the qualities of pepper; hot;
pungent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Hot-tempered; passionate;
choleric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a cooking,
digesting, digestion, fr. &?;, &?;, to cook, digest: cf. F.
<i>pepsine</i>.  Cf. <u>Dyspepsia</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>An unorganized proteolytic ferment or enzyme contained in the
secretory glands of the stomach. In the gastric juice it is united
with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.2 per cent, approximately) and the
two together constitute the active portion of the digestive fluid. It
is the active agent in the gastric juice of all animals.</def></p>

<p>&fist; As prepared from the glandular layer of pigs' or calves'
stomachs it constitutes an important article of pharmacy.</p>

<p><hw>Pep`sin*hy`dro*chlo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Peptohydrochloric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep*sin"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pepsin</i> +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>The antecedent of the
ferment pepsin. A substance contained in the form of granules in the
peptic cells of the gastric glands. It is readily convertible into
pepsin. Also called <i>propepsin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pepticus</i>, Gr.
&?;. See <u>Pepsin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to
digestion; promoting digestion; digestive; as, <i>peptic</i>
sauces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Able to digest.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tolerably nutritive for a mind as yet so
<i>peptic</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
pepsin; resembling pepsin in its power of digesting or dissolving
albuminous matter; containing or yielding pepsin, or a body of like
properties; as, the <i>peptic</i> glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
agent that promotes digestion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The digestive organs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is there some magic in the place,<BR>
Or do my <i>peptics</i> differ?</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pep"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science of
digestion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"to*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pepto</i>ne +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A substance convertible into
peptone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep`to*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Peptogenous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep*tog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of yielding, or being converted into,
peptone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep`to*hy`dro*chlo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Peptone</u>, and <u>Hydrochloric</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>Designating a hypothetical acid (called <i>peptohydrochloric
acid</i>, <i>pepsinhydrochloric acid</i>, and <i>chloropeptic</i>
acid) which is supposed to be formed when pepsin and dilute (0.1-0.4
per cent) hydrochloric acid are mixed together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; cooked.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The soluble and
diffusible substance or substances into which albuminous portions of
the food are transformed by the action of the gastric and pancreatic
juices. Peptones are also formed from albuminous matter by the action
of boiling water and boiling dilute acids.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Collectively, in a broader sense, all the products resulting from
the solution of albuminous matter in either gastric or pancreatic
juice. In this case, however, intermediate products (albumose bodies),
such as <i>antialbumose</i>, <i>hemialbumose</i>, etc., are mixed with
the true peptones. Also termed <i>albuminose</i>.</def>
</p>

<p>&fist; Pure peptones are of three kinds, <i>amphopeptone</i>,
<i>antipeptone</i>, and <i>hemipeptone</i>, and, unlike the albumose
bodies, are not precipitated by saturating their solutions with
ammonium sulphate.</p>

<p><hw>Pep"to*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>To convert into peptone; to digest or dissolve by means of a
proteolytic ferment; as, <i>peptonized</i> food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"to*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Peptone</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A substance related to
peptone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pep`to*nu"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Peptone</u>, and <u>Urine</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The presence of
peptone, or a peptonelike body, in the urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep`to*tox"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pepto</i>ne +
<i>tox</i>ic + <i>-ine</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A toxic
alkaloid found occasionally associated with the peptones formed from
fibrin by pepsinhydrochloric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"quots</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Pequot</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians who formerly inhabited Eastern Connecticut.</def> [Written
also <i>Pequods</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Per-</hw> (?). [See <u>Per</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
prefix used to signify <i>through</i>, <i>throughout</i>, <i>by</i>,
<i>for</i>, or as an <i>intensive</i> as <i>per</i>haps, by hap or
chance; <i>per</i>ennial, that lasts throughout the year;
<i>per</i>force, through or by force; <i>per</i>foliate,
<i>per</i>forate; <i>per</i>spicuous, evident throughout or very
evident; <i>per</i>plex, literally, to entangle very much.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Originally, denoting that
the element to the name of which it is prefixed in the respective
compounds exercised its <i>highest valence</i>; now, only that the
element has a <i>higher valence</i> than in other similar compounds;
thus, barium <i>per</i>oxide is the highest oxide of barium; while
nitrogen and manganese <i>per</i>oxides, so-called, are not the
highest oxides of those elements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [L.  Cf. <u>Far</u>,
<u>For-</u>, <u>Pardon</u>, and cf. <u>Par</u>, <i>prep</i>.]
<def>Through; by means of; through the agency of; by; for; for each;
as, <i>per</i> annum; <i>per</i> capita, by heads, or according to
individuals; <i>per</i> curiam, by the court; <i>per</i> se, by
itself, of itself.  <i>Per</i> is also sometimes used with English
words.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Per annum</b></col>, <cd>by the year; in each successive
year; annually.</cd> -- <col><b>Per cent</b></col>, <col><b>Per
centum</b></col>, <cd>by the hundred; in the hundred; -- used esp. of
proportions of ingredients, rate or amount of interest, and the like;
commonly used in the shortened form <i>per cent</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Per diem</b></col>, <cd>by the day.</cd> [For other phrases
from the Latin, see Quotations, Phrases, etc., from Foreign Languages,
in the Supplement.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>peractus</i>,
p. p. of <i>peragere</i>.] <def>To go through with; to perform.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`a*cute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peracutus</i>. See <u>Per-</u>, and <u>Acute</u>.] <def>Very sharp;
very violent; as, a <i>peracute</i> fever.</def> [R.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`ad*ven"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>per aventure</i>, F. <i>par aventure</i>. See <u>Per</u>, and
<u>Adventure</u>.] <def>By chance; perhaps; it may be; if;
supposing.</def> "If <i>peradventure</i> he speak against me."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Peradventure</i> there be fifty righteous within the
city.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xviii. 24.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`ad*ven"ture</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Chance; hap;
hence, doubt; question; as, proved beyond <i>peradventure</i>.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*r&aelig;"o*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; on
the opposite side + <i>-pod</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
thoracic legs of a crustacean. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Crustacea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"a*grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peragratus</i>, p. p. of <i>peragrate</i>.] <def>To travel over or
through.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per`agra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peragratio</i>: cf. F. <i>peragration</i>.] <def>The act or state
of passing through any space; as, the <i>peragration</i> of the moon
in her monthly revolution.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*am"bu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Perambulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Perambulating</u>.] [L. <i>perambulatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>perambulare</i> to perambulate; <i>per</i> through +
<i>ambulare</i> to walk. See <u>Per-</u>, and <u>Amble</u>.] <def>To
walk through or over; especially, to travel over for the purpose of
surveying or examining; to inspect by traversing; specifically, to
inspect officially the boundaries of, as of a town or parish, by
walking over the whole line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*am"bu*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To walk
about; to ramble; to stroll; as, he <i>perambulated</i> in the
park.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*am`bu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of perambulating; traversing.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An annual survey of boundaries, as of town,
a parish, a forest, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A district within which one is authorized
to make a tour of inspection.</def> "The . . . bounds of his own
<i>perambulation</i>." [Obs.]  <i>Holyday.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*am"bu*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who perambulates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A surveyor's instrument for measuring
distances. It consists of a wheel arranged to roll along over the
ground, with an apparatus of clockwork, and a dial plate upon which
the distance traveled is shown by an index. See
<u>Odometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A low carriage for a child, propelled by
pushing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`a*me"les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a pouch + L. <i>meles</i> a badger.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
marsupial of the genus <i>Perameles</i>, which includes numerous
species found in Australia. They somewhat resemble rabbits in size and
form. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Bandicoot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"bend</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Perpender</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"break`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Parbreak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*bro"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i><def>A salt of perbromic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*bro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>per-</i> +
<i>bromic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, the
highest oxygen acid, HBrO<sub>4</sub>, of bromine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*bro"mide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A bromide having a higher proportion of bromine than any other
bromide of the same substance or series.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a perch.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fishes, including the fresh-water
perch.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`cale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A fine
cotton fabric, having a linen finish, and often printed on one side, -
- used for women's and children's wear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`ca`line"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A fine
kind of French cotton goods, usually of one color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*car"bide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>per-</i>
+ <i>carbide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i><def>A compound containing a
relatively large amount of carbon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*car"bu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>per-
</i> + <i>carburet</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A percarbide.</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*car"bu*ret`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined with a relatively large amount of carbon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*case"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>per cas</i>.
See <u>Parcase</u>.] <def>Perhaps; perchance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Perce</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pierce.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*ceiv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being perceived; perceptible.</def> -- <wf>Per*ceiv"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per*ceiv"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Power of
perceiving.</def> [Obs.] "The senses and common <i>perceivance</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*ceive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Perceived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perceiving</u>.] [OF. <i>percevoir</i>, <i>perceveir</i>, L.
<i>percipere</i>, <i>perceptum</i>; <i>per</i> (see <u>Per-</u>) +
<i>capere</i> to take, receive. See <u>Capacious</u>, and cf.
<u>Perception</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To obtain knowledge of
through the senses; to receive impressions from by means of the bodily
organs; to take cognizance of the existence, character, or identity
of, by means of the senses; to see, hear, or feel; as, to
<i>perceive</i> a distant ship; to <i>perceive</i> a discord.</def>
<i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take intellectual cognizance of; to
apprehend by the mind; to be convinced of by direct intuition; to
note; to remark; to discern; to see; to understand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jesus <i>perceived</i> their wickedness.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xxii. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You may, fair lady,<BR>
<i>Perceive</i> I speak sincerely.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Till we ourselves see it with our own eyes, and
<i>perceive</i> it by our own understandings, we are still in the
dark.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be affected of influented by.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The upper regions of the air <i>perceive</i> the
collection of the matter of tempests before the air here
below.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To discern; distinguish; observe; see; feel; know;
understand.  -- To <u>Perceive</u>, <u>Discern</u>. To <i>perceive</i>
a thing is to apprehend it as presented to the senses or the
intellect; to <i>discern</i> is to mark differences, or to see a thing
as distinguished from others around it. We may <i>perceive</i> two
persons afar off without being able to <i>discern</i> whether they are
men or women. Hence, <i>discern</i> is often used of an act of the
senses or the mind involving close, discriminating, analytical
attention. We <i>perceive</i> that which is clear or obvious; we
<i>discern</i> that which requires much attention to get an idea of
it. "We <i>perceive</i> light, darkness, colors, or the truth or
falsehood of anything. We <i>discern</i> characters, motives, the
tendency and consequences of actions, etc."  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1064 !></p>

<p><hw>Per*ceiv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
perceives (in any of the senses of the verb).</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Perce"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Parsley.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*cent"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Per cent</i> +
<i>-age</i>, as in average. See <u>Per</u>, and <u>Cent</u>.]
<i>(Com.)</i> <def>A certain rate per cent; the allowance, duty, rate
of interest, discount, or commission, on a hundred.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"cept</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>percipere</i>, <i>perceptum</i>.] <def>That which is
perceived.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The modern discussion between <i>percept</i> and
concept, the one sensuous, the other intellectual.</blockquote> <i>Max
M&uuml;ller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*cep`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perceptibilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
state of being perceptible; as, the <i>perceptibility</i> of light or
color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Perception.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*cep"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perceptibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>perceptible</i>. See <u>Perceive</u>.]
<def>Capable of being perceived; cognizable; discernible;
perceivable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With a <i>perceptible</i> blast of the
air.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Per*cep"ti*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Per*cep"ti*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perceptio</i>: cf. F. <i>perception</i>. See <u>Perceive</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of perceiving; cognizance by the
senses or intellect; apperhension by the bodily organs, or by the
mind, of what is presented to them; discernment; apperhension;
cognition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The faculty of perceiving;
the faculty, or peculiar part, of man's constitution by which he has
knowledge through the medium or instrumentality of the bodily organs;
the act of apperhending material objects or qualities through the
senses; -- distinguished from <i>conception</i>.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Matter hath no life nor <i>perception</i>, and is not
conscious of its own existence.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The quality, state, or capability, of being
affected by something external; sensation; sensibility.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This experiment discovereth <i>perception</i> in
plants.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An idea; a notion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "The word <i>perception</i> is, in the language of
philosophers previous to Reid, used in a very extensive signification.
By Descartes, Malebranche, Locke, Leibnitz, and others, it is employed
in a sense almost as unexclusive as <i>consciousness</i>, in its
widest signification. By Reid this word was limited to our faculty
acquisitive of knowledge, and to that branch of this faculty whereby,
through the senses, we obtain a knowledge of the external world. But
his limitation did not stop here. In the act of external perception he
distinguished two elements, to which he gave the names of
<i>perception</i> and <i>sensation</i>. He ought perhaps to have
called these <i>perception proper</i> and <i>sensation proper</i>,
when employed in his special meaning."  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*cep"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perceptif</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the act or power of
perceiving; having the faculty or power of perceiving; used in
perception.</def> "His <i>perceptive</i> and reflective faculties."
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`cep*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being perceptive; power of perception.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Per*ces"o*ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>perca</i> a perch + <i>esox</i>, <i>-ocis</i>, a pike.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fishes including the gray mullets
(<i>Mugil</i>), the barracudas, the silversides, and other related
fishes. So called from their relation both to perches and to
pikes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Perch</hw> (p&etilde;rch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>pearch</i>.] [OE. <i>perche</i>, F. <i>perche</i>, L. <i>perca</i>,
fr. Gr. <grk>pe`rkh</grk>; cf. <grk>perkno`s</grk> dark-colored, Skr.
<i>p&rsdot;&ccedil;ni</i> spotted, speckled, and E. <i>freckle</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any fresh-water fish of
the genus Perca and of several other allied genera of the family
<i>Percid&aelig;</i>, as the common American or yellow perch (<i>Perca
flavescens, or Americana</i>), and the European perch (<i>P.
fluviatilis</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any one of numerous species of spiny-finned
fishes belonging to the <i>Percid&aelig;</i>, <i>Serranid&aelig;</i>,
and related families, and resembling, more or less, the true
perches.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black perch</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The black
bass</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The flasher</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The sea bass.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue
perch</b></col>, <cd>the cunner.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray perch</b></col>,
<cd>the fresh-water drum.</cd> -- <col><b>Red perch</b></col>, <cd>the
rosefish.</cd> -- <col><b>Red-bellied perch</b></col>, <cd>the long-
eared pondfish.</cd> -- <col><b>Perch pest</b></col>, <cd>a small
crustacean, parasitic in the mouth of the perch.</cd> --
<col><b>Silver perch</b></col>, <cd>the yellowtail.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone</b></col>, or <col><b>Striped</b></col>,
<col><b>perch</b></col>, <cd>the pope.</cd> -- <col><b>White
perch</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Roccus, or Morone, Americanus</i>, a small
silvery serranoid market fish of the Atlantic coast.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Perch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>perche</i>, L.
<i>pertica</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pole; a long staff; a rod;
esp., a pole or other support for fowls to roost on or to rest on; a
roost; figuratively, any elevated resting place or seat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As chauntecleer among his wives all<BR>
Sat on his <i>perche</i>, that was in his hall.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not making his high place the lawless <i>perch</i><BR>
Of winged ambitions.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A measure of length
containing five and a half yards; a rod, or pole.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In land or square measure: A square rod; the
160th part of an acre.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In solid
measure: A mass 16&frac12; feet long, 1 foot in height, and 1&frac12;
feet in breadth, or 24&frac34; cubic feet (in local use, from 22 to 25
cubic feet); -- used in measuring stonework.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pole connecting the fore gear and hind
gear of a spring carriage; a reach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Perch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Perched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perching</u>.] [F. <i>percher</i>. See <u>Perch</u> a pole.]
<def>To alight or settle, as a bird; to sit or roost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wrens make prey where eagles dare not
<i>perch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Perch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
place or to set on, or as on, a perch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To occupy as a perch.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*chance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F. <i>par</i> by
(L. <i>per</i>) + <i>chance</i>. See <u>Par</u>, and <u>Chance</u>.]
<def>By chance; perhaps; peradventure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Perch"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A bird tied
by the foot, to serve as decoy to other birds by its
fluttering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Perch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Perch</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that
which, perches.</def>  <i>J. Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the Insessores.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [From <u>Perch</u> a pole.] <def>A Paris candle
anciently used in England; also, a large wax candle formerly set upon
the altar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"che*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>One of a
breed of draught horses originating in <i>Perche</i>, an old district
of France; -- called also <i>Percheron-Norman</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*chlo"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of perchloric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*chlo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>per-</i>
+ <i>chloric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
the highest oxygen acid (HClO<sub>4</sub>), of chlorine; -- called
also <i>hyperchloric</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*chlo"ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A chloride having a higher proportion of chlorine than any other
chloride of the same substance or series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*chro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>per-</i>
+ <i>chromic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
a certain one of the highly oxidized compounds of chromium, which has
a deep blue color, and is produced by the action of hydrogen
peroxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL., &amp; L.
<i>perca</i> a perch + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the Perciformes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`ci*for"mes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive tribe or suborder of fishes,
including the true perches (<i>Percid&aelig;</i>); the pondfishes
(<i>Centrarchid&aelig;</i>); the sci&aelig;noids
(<i>Sci&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>); the sparoids (<i>Sparid&aelig;</i>);
the serranoids (<i>Serranid&aelig;</i>), and some other related
families.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per*cip"i*ence</hw> (?), <hw>Per*cip"i*en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The faculty, act or power of perceiving;
perception.</def>  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*cip"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>percipiens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>percipere</i>. See
<u>Perceive</u>.] <def>Having the faculty of perception; perceiving;
as, a <i>percipient</i> being.</def> <i>Bentley.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which, is percipient.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*close"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>parclose</i>
an inclosed place; L. <i>per</i> through + <i>claudere</i>,
<i>clausum</i>, to shut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Arch.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Parclose</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conclusion; end.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>perca</i> a
perch + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>perco&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Belonging to, or resembling, the perches, or family
<i>Percid&aelig;</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any fish of
the genus <i>Perca</i>, or allied genera of the family
<i>Percid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per*coi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Perciformes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"co*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Percolated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Percolating</u>.] [L. <i>percolatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>percolare</i> to percolate; <i>per</i> through + <i>colare</i> to
strain.] <def>To cause to pass through fine interstices, as a liquor;
to filter; to strain.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"co*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass through
fine interstices; to filter; as, water <i>percolates</i> through
porous stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`co*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>percolatio</i>.] <def>The act or process of percolating, or
filtering; filtration; straining. Specifically <i>(Pharm.)</i>, the
process of exhausting the virtues of a powdered drug by letting a
liquid filter slowly through it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"co*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, filters.</def> "[Tissues] act as <i>percolators</i>."
<i>Henfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Per`co*mor"phi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>perca</i> perch + Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of fishes including the perches and related kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"cu*laced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupt. fr.
<i>portcullised</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Latticed. See <u>Lattice</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*cur"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>percurrens</i>, p. pr. of <i>percurrere</i> to run through;
<i>per</i> through + <i>currere</i> to run.] <def>Running through the
entire length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*cur"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>percursor</i> one who runs through, fr. <i>percurrere</i>. See
<u>Percurrent</u>.] <def>Running over slightly or in haste;
cursory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*cuss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Percussed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Percussing</u>.] [L. <i>percussus</i>, p. p. of <i>percutere</i>;
<i>per + quatere</i> to shake, strike. See <u>Quash</u>.] <def>To
strike smartly; to strike upon or against; as, to <i>percuss</i> the
chest in medical examination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flame <i>percussed</i> by air giveth a
noise.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*cuss"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To
strike or tap in an examination by percussion. See <u>Percussion</u>,
3.</def>  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*cus"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>percussio</i>: cf. F. <i>percussion</i>. See <u>Percuss</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of percussing, or striking one body
against another; forcible collision, esp. such as gives a sound or
report.</def>  <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: The effect of violent collision;
vibratory shock; impression of sound on the ear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The thunderlike <i>percussion</i> of thy
sounds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act of tapping or
striking the surface of the body in order to learn the condition of
the parts beneath by the sound emitted or the sensation imparted to
the fingers. Percussion is said to be <i>immediate</i> if the blow is
directly upon the body; if some interventing substance, as a
pleximeter, is, used, it is called <i>mediate</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Center of percussion</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Center</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Percussion bullet</b></col>, <cd>a
bullet containing a substance which is exploded by percussion; an
explosive bullet.</cd> -- <col><b>Percussion cap</b></col>, <cd>a
small copper cap or cup, containing fulminating powder, and used with
a percussion lock to explode gunpowder.</cd> -- <col><b>Percussion
fuze</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fuze</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Percussion
lock</b></col>, <cd>the lock of a gun that is fired by percussion upon
fulminating powder.</cd> -- <col><b>Percussion match</b></col>, <cd>a
match which ignites by percussion.</cd> -- <col><b>Percussion
powder</b></col>, <cd>powder so composed as to ignite by slight
percussion; fulminating powder.</cd> -- <col><b>Percussion
sieve</b></col>, <col><b>Percussion table</b></col>, <cd>a machine for
sorting ores by agitation in running water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Per*cuss"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Striking
against; percutient; as, <i>percussive</i> force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*cu"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>percutiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>percutere</i>. See <u>Percuss</u>.]
<def>Striking; having the power of striking.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which strikes, or has power to
strike.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"di*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Perdix</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the family
<i>Perdicid&aelig;</i>, or partridges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*die"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Parde</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"di*foil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>perdere</i>
to lose + <i>folium</i> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A deciduous plant; -
- opposed to <i>evergreen</i>.</def>  <i>J. Barton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>perditio</i>, fr. <i>perdere</i>, <i>perditum</i>, to ruin, to
lose; <i>per</i> (cf. Skr. <i>par&amacr;</i> away) + <i>-dere</i>
(only in comp.) to put; akin to Gr. &?;, E. <i>do</i>. See <u>Do</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Entire loss; utter destruction; ruin; esp.,
the utter loss of the soul, or of final happiness in a future state;
future misery or eternal death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mere <i>perdition</i> of the Turkish
fleet.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If we reject the truth, we seal our own
<i>perdition</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. M. Mason.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Loss of diminution.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*di"tion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being ruined; worthy of perdition.</def> [R.]  <i>Pollok.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Per"dix</hw> (p&etilde;r"d&ibreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L., a partridge, Gr. <grk>pe`rdix</grk>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of birds including the common European partridge. Formerly the
word was used in a much wider sense to include many allied
genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*du"</hw> (p&etilde;r*d&umacr;" <i>or</i>
p&etilde;r"d&usl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Perdu</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One placed on watch, or
in ambush.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A soldier sent on a forlorn hope.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per*du"</hw>, <hw>Per*due"</hw>  } (p&etilde;r*d&umacr;"
<i>or</i> p&etilde;r"d&usl;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>perdu</i>,
f. <i>perdue</i>, lost, p. p. of <i>perdre</i> to lose, L.
<i>perdere</i>. See <u>Perdition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lost to
view; in concealment or ambush; close.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He should lie <i>perdue</i> who is to walk the
round.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accustomed to, or employed in, desperate
enterprises; hence, reckless; hopeless.</def> "A <i>perdue</i>
captain."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`du*el"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perduellio</i>; <i>per</i> + <i>duellum</i>, <i>bellum</i>, war.]
<i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>Treason.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"du*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Perdu</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Lost; thrown away.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Abp.
Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*dur`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Durability; lastingness.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*dur"a*ble</hw> (p&etilde;r*d&umacr;r"&adot;*b'l; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>perdurable</i>, OE. <i>pardurable</i>.
See <u>Perdure</u>.] <def>Very durable; lasting; continuing
long.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Chaucer.</i> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Per*dur"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Archaic]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Per*dur"ance</hw> (p&etilde;r*d&umacr;r"<i>a</i>ns),
<hw>Per`du*ra"tion</hw> (p&etilde;r`d&usl;*r&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Long continuance.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Per*dure"</hw> (p&etilde;r*d&umacr;r"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[L. <i>perdurare</i>; <i>per</i> through + <i>durare</i> to last.]
<def>To last or endure for a long time; to be perdurable or
lasting.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The mind <i>perdures</i> while its energizing may
construct a thousand lines.</blockquote> <i>Hickok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*dy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Truly. See
<u>Parde</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ah, dame! <i>perdy</i> ye have not done me
right.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A peer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*e"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>par</i> very
(L. <i>per</i>) + <i>egal</i> equal, L. <i>aequalis</i>.] <def>Fully
equal.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> "<i>Peregal</i> to the best."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"e*gri*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peregrinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>peregrinari</i> to travel. See
<u>Pilgrim</u>.] <def>To travel from place to place, or from one
country to another; hence, to sojourn in foreign countries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"e*gri*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peregrinatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Having traveled; foreign.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`e*gri*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peregrinatio</i>: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;r&eacute;grination</i>.]
<def>A traveling from one country to another; a wandering; sojourn in
foreign countries.</def> "His <i>peregrination</i> abroad."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"e*gri*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who peregrinates; one who travels about.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"e*grine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peregrinus</i>. See <u>Pilgrim</u>.] <def>Foreign; not native;
extrinsic or from without; exotic.</def> [Spelt also
<i>pelegrine</i>.] "<i>Peregrine</i> and preternatural heat."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Peregrine falcon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
courageous and swift falcon (<i>Falco peregrinus</i>), remarkable for
its wide distribution over all the continents. The adult plumage is
dark bluish ash on the back, nearly black on the head and cheeks,
white beneath, barred with black below the throat. Called also
<i>peregrine hawk</i>, <i>duck hawk</i>, <i>game hawk</i>, and
<i>great-footed hawk</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Per"e*grine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The peregrine
falcon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`e*grin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peregrinitas</i>: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;r&eacute;grinit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foreignness; strangeness.</def> [Obs.]
"Somewhat of a <i>peregrinity</i> in their dialect."
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Travel; wandering.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1065 !></p>

<p><hw>Per"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Apparel.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*empt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peremptus</i>, p. p. of <i>perimere</i> to take away entirely, to
destroy; <i>per</i> (see <u>Per-</u>) + OL. <i>emere</i> to take. See
<u>Redeem</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To destroy; to defeat.</def> [R.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*emp"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peremptio</i>: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;remption</i>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A quashing; a defeating.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per"emp*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
peremptory manner; absolutely; positively.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"emp*to*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being peremptory; positiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"emp*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peremptorius</i> destructive, deadly, decisive, final: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;remptorie</i>. See <u>Perempt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Precluding debate or expostulation; not admitting of question or
appeal; positive; absolute; decisive; conclusive; final.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Think of heaven with hearty purposes and
<i>peremptory</i> designs to get thither.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Positive in opinion or judgment; decided;
dictatorial; dogmatical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not too positive and <i>peremptory</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Briefly, then, for we are
<i>peremptory</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Firmly determined; unawed.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Peremptory challenge</b></col> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Challenge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Peremptory mandamus</b></col>, <cd>a
final and absolute mandamus.</cd> -- <col><b>Peremptory
plea</b></col>, <cd>a plea by a defendant tending to impeach the
plaintiff's right of action; a plea in bar.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Decisive; positive; absolute; authoritative;
express; arbitrary; dogmatical.</p>

<p><hw>Per*en"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>perennis</i>
that lasts the whole year through; <i>per</i> through + <i>annus</i>
year. See <u>Per-</u>, and <u>Annual</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>ing
or continuing through the year; as, <i>perennial</i>
fountains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Continuing without cessation or
intermission; perpetual; unceasing; never failing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>perennial</i> existence of bodies
corporate.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Continuing more than two
years; as, a <i>perennial</i> steam, or root, or plant.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Perpetual; unceasing; never failing; enduring;
continual; permanent; uninterrupted.</p>

<p><hw>Per*en"ni*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
perennial plant; a plant which lives or continues more than two years,
whether it retains its leaves in winter or not.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*en"ni*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
perennial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per*en`ni*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>Perennial</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Those Batrachia which retain their gills through life, as the
menobranchus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*en`ni*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Perennial</u>, and <u>Branchiate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having branch&aelig;, or gills, through life; --
said especially of certain Amphibia, like the menobranchus. Opposed to
<i>caducibranchiate</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the
Perennibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*en"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perennitas</i>.] <def>The quality of being perennial.</def> [R.]
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`er*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pererrare</i>, <i>pererratum</i>, to wander through.] <def>A
wandering, or rambling, through various places.</def> [R.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"fect</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>parfit</i>, OF.
<i>parfit</i>, <i>parfet</i>, <i>parfait</i>, F. <i>parfait</i>, L.
<i>perfectus</i>, p. p. of <i>perficere</i> to carry to the end, to
perform, finish, perfect; <i>per</i> (see <u>Per-</u>) + <i>facere</i>
to make, do. See <u>Fact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Brought to
consummation or completeness; completed; not defective nor redundant;
having all the properties or qualities requisite to its nature and
kind; without flaw, fault, or blemish; without error; mature; whole;
pure; sound; right; correct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My strength is made <i>perfect</i> in
weakness.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. xii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Three glorious suns, each one a <i>perfect</i>
sun.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I fear I am not in my <i>perfect</i> mind.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O most entire <i>perfect</i> sacrifice!</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God made thee <i>perfect</i>, not
immutable.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Well informed; certain; sure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>perfect</i> that the Pannonains are now in
arms.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Hermaphrodite; having both
stamens and pistils; -- said of flower.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Perfect cadence</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a complete and
satisfactory close in harmony, as upon the tonic preceded by the
dominant.</cd> -- <col><b>Perfect chord</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a
concord or union of sounds which is perfectly coalescent and agreeable
to the ear, as the unison, octave, fifth, and fourth; a perfect
consonance; a common chord in its original position of keynote, third,
fifth, and octave.</cd> -- <col><b>Perfect number</b></col>
<i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>a number equal to the sum of all its divisors;
as, 28, whose aliquot parts, or divisors, are 14, 7, 4, 2, 1. See
<i>Abundant number</i>, under <u>Abundant</u>.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i>
-- <col><b>Perfect tense</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a tense which
expresses an act or state completed.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Finished; consummate; complete; entire; faultless;
blameless; unblemished.</p>

<p><hw>Per"fect</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The perfect tense,
or a form in that tense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"fect</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Perfected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perfecting</u>.] [L. <i>perfectus</i>, p. p. of <i>perficere</i>.
See <u>Perfect</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To make perfect; to
finish or complete, so as to leave nothing wanting; to give to
anything all that is requisite to its nature and kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God dwelleth in us, and his love is <i>perfect</i> in
us.</blockquote> <i>1 John iv. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Inquire into the nature and properties of the things, .
. . and thereby <i>perfect</i> our ideas of their distinct
species.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Perfecting press</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a press in
which the printing on both sides of the paper is completed in one
passage through the machine.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To finish; accomplish; complete; consummate.</p>

<p><hw>Per"fect*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, makes perfect.</def> "The . . . <i>perfecter</i> of our
faith."  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fect`i*bil"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
perfectionist.</def> [R.]  <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`fec*tib"i*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
perfectionist. See also <u>Illuminati</u>, 2.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*fect`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perfectibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
perfectible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*fect"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perfectible</i>.] <def>Capable of becoming, or being made,
perfect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*fec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>perfection</i>, L. <i>perfectio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being perfect or complete, so that nothing
requisite is wanting; entire development; consummate culture, skill,
or moral excellence; the highest attainable state or degree of
excellence; maturity; as, <i>perfection</i> in an art, in a science,
or in a system; <i>perfection</i> in form or degree; fruits in
<i>perfection</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quality, endowment, or acquirement
completely excellent; an ideal faultlessness; especially, the divine
attribute of complete excellence.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What tongue can her <i>perfections</i>
tell?</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To perfection</b></col>, <cd>in the highest degree of
excellence; perfectly; as, to imitate a model <i>to
perfection</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Per*fec"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
perfect.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fec"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to perfection; characterized by perfection.</def> [R.]
<i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fec"tion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
perfect.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fec"tion*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine of the Perfectionists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*fec"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One pretending
to perfection; esp., one pretending to moral perfection; one who
believes that persons may and do attain to moral perfection and
sinlessness in this life.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fec"tion*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perfectionnement</i>.] <def>The act of bringing to perfection, or
the state of having attained to perfection.</def> [R.]  <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending or
conducing to make perfect, or to bring to perfection; -- usually
followed by <i>of</i>.</def> "A <i>perfective</i> alteration."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Actions <i>perfective</i> of their
natures.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fec"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
perfective manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"fect*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a perfect
manner or degree; in or to perfection; completely; wholly; throughly;
faultlessly.</def> "<i>Perfectly</i> divine."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As many as touched were made <i>perfectly</i>
whole.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiv. 36.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"fect*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being perfect; perfection.</def> "Charity, which is the bond
of <i>perfectness</i>."  <i>Col. iii. 14.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fer"vid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>per-</i> +
<i>fervid</i>.] <def>Very fervid; too fervid; glowing;
ardent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perficiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>perficere</i> to perform. See
<u>Perfect</u>.] <def>Making or doing throughly; efficient;
effectual.</def> [R.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fi"cient</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who performs
or perfects a work; especially, one who endows a charity.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*fid"i*ous</hw> (p&etilde;r*f&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&ubreve;s;
277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>perfidious</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Guilty of perfidy; violating good faith or vows; false to trust
or confidence reposed; teacherous; faithless; as, a <i>perfidious</i>
friend.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Involving, or characterized by,
perfidy.</def> "Involved in this <i>perfidious</i> fraud."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fid"i*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
perfidious manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*fid"i*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being perfidious; perfidy.</def>  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"fi*dy</hw> (p&etilde;r"f&ibreve;*d&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Perfidies</b></plw> (-
d&ibreve;z). [L. <i>perfidia</i>, fr. L. <i>perfidus</i> faithless;
<i>per</i> (cf. Skr. <i>par&amacr;</i> away) + <i>fides</i> faith: cf.
F. <i>perfidie</i>. See <u>Faith</u>.] <def>The act of violating faith
or allegiance; violation of a promise or vow, or of trust reposed;
faithlessness; treachery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ambition and <i>perfidy</i> of
tyrants.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>perfidy</i> to this sacred
engagement.</blockquote> <i>DeQuincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"fit</hw> (p&etilde;r"f&ibreve;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Perfect.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fix"</hw> (p&etilde;r"f&ibreve;ks), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>per-</i> + <i>fix</i>.] <def>To fix surely; to
appoint.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per"fla*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perflabilis</i>. See <u>Perflate</u>.] <def>Capable of being blown
through.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*flate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perflatus</i>, p. p. of <i>perflare</i> to blow through.] <def>To
blow through.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fla"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perflatio</i>.] <def>The act of perflating.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fo"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>per-</i>
+ L. <i>folium</i> leaf.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
the basal part produced around the stem; -- said of leaves which the
stem apparently passes directory through.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Surrounded by a circle
of hairs, or projections of any kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`fo*ra"ta</hw> (p&etilde;r`f&osl;*r&amacr;"t&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Perforate</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A division of corals
including those that have a porous texture, as Porites and Madrepora;
-- opposed to <i>Aporosa</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
division of Foraminifera, including those having perforated
shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"fo*rate</hw> (p&etilde;r"f&osl;*r&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Perforated</u> (-
r&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perforating</u>.] [L. <i>perforatus</i>, p. p. of <i>perforare</i>
to perforate; <i>per</i> through + <i>forare</i> to bore. See
<u>Bore</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To bore through; to pierce
through with a pointed instrument; to make a hole or holes through by
boring or piercing; to pierce or penetrate the surface of.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per"fo*rate</hw> (p&etilde;r"f&osl;*r&asl;t),
<hw>Per"fo*ra`ted</hw> (p&etilde;r"f&osl;*r&amacr;"t&ebreve;d), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pierced with a hole or holes, or with pores;
having transparent dots resembling holes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`fo*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perforation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of perforating,
or of boring or piercing through.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hole made by boring or piercing; an
aperture.</def> "Slender <i>perforations</i>."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"fo*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perforatif</i>.] <def>Having power to perforate or
pierce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"fo*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perforateur</i>.] <def>One who, or that which, perforates; esp., a
cephalotome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*force"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F. <i>par</i> (L.
<i>per</i>) + <i>force</i>.] <def>By force; of necessary; at any
rate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*force"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To force; to
compel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Performed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Performing</u>.] [OE. <i>performen</i>, <i>parfourmen</i>,
<i>parfournen</i>, OF. <i>parfornir</i>, <i>parfournir</i>, to finish,
complete; OF. &amp; F. <i>par</i> (see <u>Par</u>) + <i>fournir</i> to
finish, complete. The word has been influenced by <i>form</i>; cf. L.
<i>performare</i> to form thoroughly. See <u>Furnish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry through; to bring to completion; to
achieve; to accomplish; to execute; to do.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will cry unto God most high, unto God that
<i>performeth</i> all things for me.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lvii.
2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Great force to <i>perform</i> what they did
attempt.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discharge; to fulfill; to act up to; as,
to <i>perform</i> a duty; to <i>perform</i> a promise or a
vow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>perform</i> your father's will.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To represent; to act; to play; as in
drama.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Perform</i> a part thou hast not done
before.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To accomplish; do; act; transact; achieve; execute;
discharge; fulfill; effect; complete; consummate. See
<u>Accomplish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Per*form"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To do, execute, or
accomplish something; to acquit one's self in any business; esp., to
represent sometimes by action; to act a part; to play on a musical
instrument; as, the players <i>perform</i> poorly; the musician
<i>performs</i> on the organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*form"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting of
being performed, done, or executed; practicable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*form"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
performing; the carrying into execution or action; execution;
achievement; accomplishment; representation by action; as, the
<i>performance</i> of an undertaking of a duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Promises are not binding where the <i>performance</i>
is impossible.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is performed or accomplished; a
thing done or carried through; an achievement; a deed; an act; a feat;
esp., an action of an elaborate or public character.</def> "Her
walking and other actual <i>performances</i>." <i>Shak.</i> "His
musical <i>performances</i>." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Completion; consummation; execution; accomplishment;
achievement; production; work; act; action; deed; exploit; feat.</p>

<p><hw>Per*form"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
performs, accomplishes, or fulfills; as, a good promiser, but a bad
<i>performer</i>; especially, one who shows skill and training in any
art; as, a <i>performer</i> of the drama; a <i>performer</i> on the
harp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"fri*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perfricatus</i>, p. p. of <i>perfricare</i>.] <def>To rub
over.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fu"ma*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Emitting
perfume; perfuming.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir E. Leigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Perfumed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perfuming</u>.] [F. <i>parfumer</i> (cf. Sp. <i>perfumar</i>);
<i>par</i> (see <u>Par</u>) + <i>fumer</i> to smoke, L. <i>fumare</i>,
fr. <i>fumus</i> smoke. See <u>Fume</u>.] <def>To fill or impregnate
with a perfume; to scent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Carmel's flowery top <i>perfumes</i> the
skies.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"fume</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>parfum</i>; cf.
Sp. <i>perfume</i>. See <u>Perfume</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The scent, odor, or odoriferous particles
emitted from a sweet-smelling substance; a pleasant odor; fragrance;
aroma.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No rich <i>perfumes</i> refresh the fruitful
<i>field</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A substance that emits an agreeable
odor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And thou shalt make it a <i>perfume</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xxx. 35.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fum"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, oe that which, perfumes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One whose trade is to make or sell
perfumes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*fum"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Perfumes, in general.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>parfumerie</i>.] <def>The art of
preparing perfumes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*func"to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
perfunctory manner; formally; carelessly.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*func"to*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being perfunctory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*func"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perfunctorius</i>, fr. <i>perfunctus</i> dispatched, p. p. of
<i>perfungi</i> to discharge, dispatch; <i>per</i> (see <u>Per</u>) +
<i>fungi</i> to perform. See <u>Function</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Done merely to get rid of a duty; performed mechanically and as a
thing of rote; done in a careless and superficial manner;
characterized by indifference; as, <i>perfunctory</i>
admonitions.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Mechanical; indifferent; listless;
careless.</def> "<i>Perfunctory</i> in his devotions."
<i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*func"tu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
perform in a perfunctory manner; to do negligently.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Perfused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perfusing</u>.] [L. <i>perfusus</i>, p. p. of <i>perfundere</i> to
pour over; <i>per + fundere</i> to pour.] <def>To suffuse; to fill
full or to excess.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*fu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perfusio</i>.] <def>The act of perfusing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*fu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a nature to
flow over, or to spread through.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per`ga*me"no*us</hw> (?), <hw>Per`ga*men*ta"ceous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pergamena</i> parchment. See
<u>Parchment</u>.] <def>Like parchment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*haps"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Per</i> +
<i>hap</i> chance.] <def>By chance; peradventure; perchance; it may
be.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And pray God, if <i>perhaps</i> the thought of thine
heart may be forgiven thee.</blockquote> <i>Acts viii. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"i-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?;, prep.] <def>A prefix used to signify
<i>around</i>, <i>by</i>, <i>near</i>, <i>over</i>, <i>beyond</i>, or
to give an <i>intensive</i> sense; as, <i>peri</i>meter, the measure
around; <i>peri</i>gee, point near the earth; <i>peri</i>ergy, work
beyond what is needed; <i>peri</i>spherical, quite
spherical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Peris</b></plw> (#). [Per. <i>per&imacr;</i> a female genus, a
fairy.] <i>(Persian Myth.)</i> <def>An imaginary being, male or
female, like an elf or fairy, represented as a descendant of fallen
angels, excluded from paradise till penance is accomplished.</def>
<i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1066 !></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*a"gua</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pirogue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*anth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-</i> +
Gr. &?; flower: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;rianthe</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The leaves of a flower generally, especially
when the calyx and corolla are not readily distinguished.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A saclike involucre which incloses the young
fruit in most hepatic mosses. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Hepatica</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*an"thi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The perianth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*apt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; hung
about, &?; to hang about; &?; about + &?; to tie: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;riapte</i>.] <def>A charm worn as a protection against
disease or mischief; an amulet.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now help, ye charming spells and
<i>periapts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*as"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Among or
around the stars.</def> "Comets in <i>periastral</i> passage."  <i>R.
A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*as"tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
about + &?; a star.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>That point, in the real or
apparent orbit of one star revolving around another, at which the
former is nearest to the latter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*au"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pirogue</u>.</def>  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to grow
around. See <u>Peri-</u>, and <u>-blast</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
protoplasmic matter which surrounds the entoblast, or cell nucleus,
and undergoes segmentation.</def> -- <wf>Per`i*blas"tic</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*blem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-</i> +
root of Gr. &?; to sprout.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Nascent cortex, or
immature cellular bark.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*rib"o*los</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Nl., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?;, adj., going round, fr. &?; to throw round; cf. L.
<i>peribolus</i>.] <def>In ancient architecture, an inclosed court,
esp., one surrounding a temple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*bran"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Surrounding the branchi&aelig;; as, a <i>peribranchial</i>
cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*bran"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Around the bronchi or bronchial tubes; as, the
<i>peribronchial</i> lymphatics.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*cam"bi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Peri-</u>, and <u>Cambium</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A layer of
thin-walled young cells in a growing stem, in which layer certain new
vessels originate.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per`i*car"di*ac</hw> (?), <hw>Per`i*car"di*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
pericardium; situated around the heart.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pericardial fluid</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>a serous
fluid of a pale yellow color contained in the pericardium.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*car"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pericardiac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*car"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pericardiac.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*car*di"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pericardium</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation
of the pericardium.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*car"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; about or near the heart; &?; about + &?; heart.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The double baglike fold of serous membrane which
incloses the heart.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The inner layer is closely adherent to the outer surface of
the heart, and is called the <i>cardiac pericardium</i>. The outer
layer loosely incloses the heart and the adherent inner layer, and is
called the <i>parietal pericardium</i>. At the base of the heart the
two layers are continuous, and form a narrow closed cavity filled with
fluid, in which the pulsations of the heart cause little friction.</p>

<p><hw>Per"i*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; around
+ &?; fruit: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;ricarpe</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
ripened ovary; the walls of the fruit. See <i>Illusts</i>. of
<u>Capsule</u>, <u>Drupe</u>, and <u>Legume</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per`i*car"pi*al</hw> (?), <hw>Per`i*car"pic</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*cel"lu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Surrounding a cell; as, the <i>pericellular</i> lymph spaces
surrounding ganglion cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*ch&aelig;th</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Perich&aelig;tium</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The leafy involucre
surrounding the fruit stalk of mosses; perich&aelig;tium;
perichete.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*ch&aelig;"ti*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the perich&aelig;th.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*ch&aelig;"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Perich&aelig;tia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
about + &?; flowing hair, foliage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Perich&aelig;th</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*ch&aelig;"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Perich&aelig;tium</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Surrounded by
set&aelig;; -- said of certain earthworms (genus
<i>Perich&aelig;tus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*chete</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Perich&aelig;th</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*chon"dri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the perichondrium; situated around
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*chon*dri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Perichondrium</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of the perichondrium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*chon"dri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; around + &?; cartilage.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The membrane of
fibrous connective tissue which closely invests cartilage, except
where covering articular surfaces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*chor"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Around the
notochord; as, a <i>perichordal</i> column. See
<u>Epichordal</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per"i*clase</hw> (?), <hw>Per`i*cla"site</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-</i> + Gr. &?; to break.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A grayish or dark green mineral, consisting
essentially of magnesia (magnesium oxide), occurring in granular forms
or in isometric crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*clin"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Periclinia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; around + &?; a
bed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The involucre which surrounds the common
receptacle in composite flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ric"li*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>periclitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>periclitari</i>, fr.
<i>periculum</i>.] <def>To endanger.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Periclitating</i>, pardi! the whole
family.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ric`li*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>periclitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;riclitation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Trial; experiment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being in peril.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pe*ric"o*pe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., section of a
book, Gr. &?;; &?; around + &?; to cut.] <def>A selection or extract
from a book; especially <i>(Theol.)</i>, a selection from the Bible,
appointed to be read in the churches or used as a text for a
sermon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*cra"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the pericranium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*cra"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The periosteum which covers the cranium
externally; the region around the cranium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ric"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>periculosus</i>. See <u>Perilous</u>.] <def>Dangerous; full of
peril.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pe*ric"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pericula</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Rom. &amp; O.Eng. Law)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Danger; risk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a narrower, judicial sense: Accident or
<i>casus</i>, as distinguished from <i>dolus</i> and <i>culpa</i>, and
hence relieving one from the duty of performing an
obligation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The outer layer of bark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hard outer covering
of hydroids and other marine animals; the perisarc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*di*as"to*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The almost inappreciable time which elapses
between the systole and the diastole of the heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*rid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Peridia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; about + &?;, a dim.
ending.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The envelope or coat of certain fungi,
such as the puffballs and earthstars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*dot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;ridot</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Chrysolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*do*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;ridotite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An eruptive rock
characterized by the presence of chrysolite (peridot). It also usually
contains pyroxene, enstatite, chromite, etc. It is often altered to
serpentine.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The chief diamond deposits in South Africa occur in a more
or less altered peridotite.</p>

<p><hw>Per"i*drome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
running around, fr. &?; to run round; &?; round + &?; to run: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;ridrome</i>.] <i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <def>The space
between the columns and the wall of the cella, in a Greek or a Roman
temple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*e"cians</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Peri&oelig;cians</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*en"te*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Peri-</u>, and <u>Enteron</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The primitive
perivisceral cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*er`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
overcareful; &?; about, beyond + &?; work.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Excessive care or diligence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A bombastic or labored
style.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per`i*gan`gli*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Surrounding a ganglion; as, the
<i>periganglionic</i> glands of the frog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Surrounding the stomach; -- applied to the
body cavity of Bryozoa and various other Invertebrata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*ge"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the perigee.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Perigean tides</b></col>, <cd>those spring tides which
occur soon after the moon passes her perigee.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per"i*gee</hw> (?), <hw>Per`i*ge"um</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>perigeum</i>, fr. Gr. &?; about, near +
&?; the earth: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;rig&eacute;e</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>That point in the orbit of the moon which is nearest to the
earth; -- opposed to <i>apogee</i>. It is sometimes, but rarely, used
of the nearest points of other orbits, as of a comet, a planet, etc.
Called also <i>epigee</i>, <i>epigeum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>A theory which explains inheritance by the transmission of the
type of growth force possessed by one generation to another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*gen"e*tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to perigenesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*gone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-</i> +
Gr. &?; productive organs.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any organ inclosing the essential organs of a
flower; a perianth.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In mosses, the
involucral bracts of a male flower.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sac which surrounds
the generative bodies in the gonophore of a hydroid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*go"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Perigonia</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <def>Same as
<u>Perigone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*gord pie`</hw> (?). [From <i>P&eacute;rigord</i>, a
former province of France.] <def>A pie made of truffles, much esteemed
by epicures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; outline;
&?; round, about + &?; to write.] <def>A careless or inaccurate
delineation of anything.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*gyn"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Perigynia</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Perigynous</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Some unusual appendage about the pistil, as the
bottle-shaped body in the sedges, and the bristles or scales in some
other genera of the Sedge family, or <i>Cyperace&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*rig"y*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-
</i> + Gr. &?; woman.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the ovary free, but
the petals and stamens borne on the calyx; -- said of flower such as
that of the cherry or peach.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per`i*hel"ion</hw> (?), <hw>Per`i*he"li*um</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Perihelia</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; about, near + &?; the sun.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>That point of the orbit of a planet or comet which is nearest to
the sun; -- opposed to <i>aphelion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>p&eacute;ril</i>,
fr. L. <i>periculum</i>, <i>periclum</i>, akin to <i>peritus</i>
experienced, skilled, and E. <i>fare</i>. See <u>Fare</u>, and cf.
<u>Experience</u>.] <def>Danger; risk; hazard; jeopardy; exposure of
person or property to injury, loss, or destruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>perils</i> of waters, in <i>perils</i> of
robbers.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. xi. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Adventure hard<BR>
With <i>peril</i> great achieved.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At</b></col>, or <col><b>On</b></col>, <col><b>one's
peril</b></col>, <cd>with risk or danger to one; at the hazard
of.</cd> "<i>On thy</i> soul's <i>peril</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hazard; risk; jeopardy. See <u>Danger</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Per"il</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Periled</u> (?) or <u>Perilled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Periling</u> or <u>Perilling</u>.] <def>To expose
to danger; to hazard; to risk; as, to <i>peril</i> one's
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be in
danger.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*ril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of labiate herbs, of which one species
(<i>Perilla ocimoides</i>, or <i>P. Nankinensis</i>) is often
cultivated for its purple or variegated foliage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"il*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>perillous</i>, <i>perilleus</i>, F. <i>p&eacute;rilleux</i>, L.
<i>periculosus</i>. See <u>Peril</u>.] [Written also
<i>perillous</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of, attended with, or
involving, peril; dangerous; hazardous; as, a <i>perilous</i>
undertaking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Infamous hills, and sandy, <i>perilous</i>
wilds.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Daring; reckless; dangerous.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For I am <i>perilous</i> with knife in
hand.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Per"il*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Per"il*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*lymph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The fluid which surrounds the membranous labyrinth of the
internal ear, and separates it from the walls of the chambers in which
the labyrinth lies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*lym*phan"gi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Around, or at the side of, a lymphatic
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*lym*phat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to, or containing,
perilymph.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Perilymphangial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*im"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
around + &?; measure: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;rim&egrave;tre</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The outer boundary of a body or
figure, or the sum of all the sides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for determining the extent
and shape of the field of vision.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per`i*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Per`i*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the perimeter, or to
perimetry; as, a <i>perimetric</i> chart of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*im"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
using the perimeter; measurement of the field of vision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-</i>
+ Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A crystal of one species inclosing
one of another species. See <u>Endomorph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*my"sial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Surrounding a muscle or muscles.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the perimysium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*my"si*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; about + &?; muscle.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The connective tissue
sheath which surrounds a muscle, and sends partitions inwards between
the bundles of muscular fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*n&aelig;"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Perineum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*ne"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the perineum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*ne"o*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Perineum</i> + <i>-plasty</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act or
process of restoring an injured perineum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*ne*or"rha*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Perineum</i> + Gr. &?; to sew.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The operation
of sewing up a ruptured perineum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*ne*phri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Peri-</u>, and <u>Nephritis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation
of the cellular tissue around the kidney.</def> --
<wf>Per`i*ne*phrit"ic</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*ne"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The region which is included within the
outlet of the pelvis, and is traversed by the urinogenital canal and
the rectum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*neu"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Surrounding nerves or nerve fibers; of or pertaining to the
perineurium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*neu"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; about + &?; a nerve.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The connective tissue
sheath which surrounds a bundle of nerve fibers. See
<u>Epineurium</u>, and <u>Neurilemma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*nu"cle*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a nucleus; situated around a nucleus; as, the
<i>perinuclear</i> protoplasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"ri*od</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>periodus</i>,
Gr. &?; a going round, a way round, a circumference, a period of time;
&?; round, about + &?; a way: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;riode</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A portion of time as limited and determined by
some recurring phenomenon, as by the completion of a revolution of one
of the heavenly bodies; a division of time, as a series of years,
months, or days, in which something is completed, and ready to
recommence and go on in the same order; as, the <i>period</i> of the
sun, or the earth, or a comet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>A stated and recurring interval of
time; more generally, an interval of time specified or left
indefinite; a certain series of years, months, days, or the like; a
time; a cycle; an age; an epoch; as, the <i>period</i> of the Roman
republic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How by art to make plants more lasting than their
ordinary <i>period</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>One of the great divisions
of geological time; as, the Tertiary <i>period</i>; the Glacial
<i>period</i>.  See the <i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The termination or completion of a
revolution, cycle, series of events, single event, or act; hence, a
limit; a bound; an end; a conclusion.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake the archangel Michael; then paused,<BR>
As at the world's great <i>period</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Evils which shall never end till eternity hath a
<i>period</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the <i>period</i> of my ambition.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A complete sentence, from
one full stop to another; esp., a well-proportioned, harmonious
sentence.</def> "Devolved his rounded <i>periods</i>."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Periods</i> are beautiful when they are not too
long.</blockquote> <i>B. Johnson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>period</i>, according to Heyse, is a compound
sentence consisting of a protasis and apodosis; according to Becker,
it is the appropriate form for the co&ouml;rdinate propositions
related by antithesis or causality.  <i>Gibbs.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The punctuation point [.]
that marks the end of a complete sentence, or of an abbreviated
word.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>One of several similar sets
of figures or terms usually marked by points or commas placed at
regular intervals, as in numeration, in the extraction of roots, and
in circulating decimals.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1067 !></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The time of the exacerbation
and remission of a disease, or of the paroxysm and
intermission.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A complete musical
sentence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The period</b></col>, <cd>the present or current time, as
distinguished from all other times.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Time; date; epoch; era; age; duration; limit; bound;
end; conclusion; determination.</p>

<p><hw>Pe"ri*od</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put an end
to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe"ri*od</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come to a
period; to conclude. [Obs.] "You may <i>period</i> upon this, that,"
etc.</def>  <i>Felthman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*i"o*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of periodic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*od"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>per-</i> +
<i>iodic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived from, or
designating, the highest oxygen acid (HIO&?;) of iodine.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pe`ri*od"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pe`ri*od"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>periodicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;riodique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
a period or periods, or to division by periods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>periodical</i>times of all the
satellites.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Performed in a period, or regular
revolution; proceeding in a series of successive circuits; as, the
<i>periodical</i> motion of the planets round the sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Happening, by revolution, at a stated time;
returning regularly, after a certain period of time; acting,
happening, or appearing, at fixed intervals; recurring; as,
<i>periodical</i> epidemics.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>periodic</i> return of a plant's
flowering.</blockquote> <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To influence opinion through the <i>periodical</i>
press.</blockquote> <i>Courthope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
period; constituting a complete sentence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Periodic comet</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a comet that
moves about the sun in an elliptic orbit; a comet that has been seen
at two of its approaches to the sun.</cd> -- <col><b>Periodic
function</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a function whose values recur
at fixed intervals as the variable uniformly increases. The
trigonomertic functions, as sin <i>x</i>, tan <i>x</i>, etc., are
periodic functions. Exponential functions are also periodic, having an
imaginary period, and the elliptic functions have not only a real but
an imaginary period, and are hence called <i>doubly periodic</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Periodic law</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
generalization that the properties of the chemical elements are
periodic functions of their atomic wieghts. "In other words, if the
elements are grouped in the order of their atomic weights, it will be
found that nearly the same properties recur periodically throughout
the entire series." The following tabular arrangement of the atomic
weights shows the regular recurrence of groups (under I., II., III.,
IV., etc.), each consisting of members of the same natural family. The
gaps in the table indicate the probable existence of unknown
elements.</cd></p>

<p>
<table>
TABLE OF THE PERIODIC LAW OF THE CHEMICAL ELEMENTS
(The vertical columns contain the periodic groups)
<vertical>Series</vertical>1{  2{  3{  4{  5{  6{  7{  8{  9{  10{
11{  12{
<pre>--------------------------------------------------------------
  |<row>I.   II.  III.  IV.  V.    VI.  VII.  VIII.</row>
  |<row>                RH4  RH3   RH3  RH         </row>
  |<row>R2O  RO   R3O3  RO2  R2O5  RO3  R2O7  RO4  </row>
--------------------------------------------------------------</pre>
<row>H</row>
<row>1</row></p>

<p><row>Li</row>
<row>7</row></p>

<p><row>Na</row>
<row>23</row></p>

<p><row>K</row>
<row>39</row></p>

<p><row>(Cu)</row>
<row>63</row></p>

<p><row>Rb</row>
<row>85.2</row></p>

<p><row>(Ag)</row>
<row>(108)</row></p>

<p><row>Cs</row>
<row>133</row></p>

<p><row>(-)</row>
<row></row></p>

<p><row>(-)</row>
<row></row></p>

<p><row>(Au)</row>
<row>(197)</row></p>

<p><row>(-)</row>
<row></row></p>

<p>-----------------------------------------------------------------
</table></p>

<p>&fist; A similar relation had been enunciated in a crude way by
Newlands; but the law in its effective form was developed and
elaborated by Mendelejeff, whence it is sometimes called
<i>Mendelejeff's law</i>. Important extensions of it were also made by
L. Meyer. By this means Mendelejeff predicted with remarkable accuracy
the hypothetical elements ekaboron, ekaluminium, and ekasilicon,
afterwards discovered and named respectively scandium, gallium, and
germanium.</p>

<p>-- <col><b>Periodic star</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a variable
star whose changes of brightness recur at fixed periods.</cd> --
<col><b>Periodic time of a heavenly body</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>the time of a complete revolution of the body about the sun, or of
a satellite about its primary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pe`ri*od"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A magazine or
other publication which appears at stated or regular
intervals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe`ri*od"ic*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
publishes, or writes for, a periodical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe`ri*od"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
periodical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe`ri*od"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Periodicity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe`ri*o*dic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Periodicities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;riodicit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
periodical, or regularly recurrent; as, the <i>periodicity</i> in the
vital phenomena of plants.</def>  <i>Henfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*i"o*dide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>per-</i>
+ <i>iodide</i>.] <def>An iodide containing a higher proportion of
iodine than any other iodide of the same substance or
series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*o*don"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-
</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, tooth.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Surrounding the
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe`ri*od"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Period</i>
+ <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A table or other means for
calculating the periodical functions of women.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Per`i*&oelig;"ci</hw>, <hw>Per`i*&oelig;"cians</hw>, }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. <i>perioeci</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; &?; around
+ &?; house, dwelling.] <def>Those who live on the same parallel of
latitude but on opposite meridians, so that it is noon in one place
when it is midnight in the other. Compare
<u>Ant&oelig;ci</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*o*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;riople</i>, from Gr. &?; about + &?; the hoof of a horse.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The external smooth horny layer of the hoof of the
horse and allied animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*op"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the periople; connected with the
periople.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*os"te*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated around bone; of or pertaining to the
periosteum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*os"te*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; round the bones; &?; around + &?; a bone: cf. L.
<i>periosteon</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The membrane of fibrous
connective tissue which closely invests all bones except at the
articular surfaces.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*os*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Periosteum</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation
of the periosteum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*os"tra*cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Periostraca</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; around + &?;
shell of a testacean.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A chitinous membrane
covering the exterior of many shells; -- called also
<i>epidermis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*o"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-</i>
+ Gr. &?;, &?;, the ear.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Surrounding, or
pertaining to the region surrounding, the internal ear; as, the
<i>periotic</i> capsule.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A periotic
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*pa*te"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
peripatetic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per`i*pa*tet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peripateticus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to walk about; &?; about + &?;
to walk: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;ripat&eacute;tique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Walking about; itinerant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the philosophy taught
by Aristotle (who gave his instructions while walking in the Lyceum at
Athens), or to his followers.</def> "The true <i>peripatetic</i>
school."  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*pa*tet"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who walks about; a pedestrian; an itinerant.</def>
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disciple of Aristotle; an
Aristotelian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*pa*tet"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Peripatetic.</def> [R.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*pa*tet"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;ripat&eacute;tisme</i>.] <def>The doctrines or
philosophical system of the peripatetics. See <u>Peripatetic</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def>  <i>Lond. Sat. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*rip"a*tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a walking about.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of lowly organized
arthropods, found in South Africa, Australia, and tropical America. It
constitutes the order Malacopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Surrounding, or situated about, the petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*riph"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a periphery; constituting a periphery;
peripheric.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>External; away from the
center; as, the <i>peripheral</i> portion of the nervous
system.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per`i*pher"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Per`i*pher"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>p&eacute;riph&eacute;rique</i>. See
<u>Periphery</u>.] <def>See <u>Peripheral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*riph"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Peripheries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>peripheria</i>, Gr. &?;; &?;
around + &?; to bear, carry: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;riph&eacute;rie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The outside or superficial portions of a body;
the surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The circumference of a
circle, ellipse, or other figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*phrase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>periphrasis</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to think about, to be expressed
periphrastically; &?; + &?; to speak: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;riphrase</i>.
See <u>Phrase</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The use of more words than are
necessary to express the idea; a roundabout, or indirect, way of
speaking; circumlocution.</def> "To describe by enigmatic
<i>periphrases</i>."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*phrase</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Periphrased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Periphrasing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>p&eacute;riphraser</i>.] <def>To
express by periphrase or circumlocution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*phrase</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use
circumlocution.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*riph"ra*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Periphrases</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>See
<u>Periphrase</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per`i*phras"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Per`i*phras"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;riphrastique</i>.]
<def>Expressing, or expressed, in more words than are necessary;
characterized by periphrase; circumlocutory.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Periphrastic conjugation</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a
conjugation formed by the use of the simple verb with one or more
auxiliaries.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*phras"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
circumlocution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*plast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-</i>
+ Gr. &?; to mold, form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Periblast</u>.</def> -- <wf>Per`i*plas"tic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Per`ip*neu*mo"ni*a</hw> (?), <hw>Per`ip*neu"mo*ny</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>peripneumonia</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;ripneumonie</i>. See <u>Peri-</u>, <u>Pneumonia</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pneumonia.</def> (Obsoles.)
</p>

<p><hw>Per`ip*neu*mon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peripneumonicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;ripneumonique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
peripneumonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*proct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-</i>
+ Gr. &?; the anus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The region surrounding
the anus, particularly of echinoderms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*proc*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Peri-</u>, and <u>Proctitus</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation
of the tissues about the rectum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*rip"ter*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr., fr. &?; +
&?; feather, wing, row of columns.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having columns
on all sides; -- said of an edifice. See <u>Apteral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*rip"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Peripteral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feathered all
around.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*sarc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, flesh.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The outer, hardened
integument which covers most hydroids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ris"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; around
+ &?; shadow: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;riscien</i>.] <def>Having the shadow
moving all around.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pe*ris"cians</hw> (?), <hw>||Pe*ris"ci*i</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Periscian</u>.] <def>Those who
live within a polar circle, whose shadows, during some summer days,
will move entirely round, falling toward every point of the
compass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-</i>
+ <i>-scope</i>.] <def>A general or comprehensive view.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per`i*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;riscopique</i>.] <def>Viewing all around, or on all
sides.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Periscopic spectacles</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>,
<cd>spectacles having concavo-convex or convexo-concave lenses with a
considerable curvature corresponding to that of the eye, to increase
the distinctness of objects viewed obliquely.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Per"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Perished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perishing</u>.] [OE. <i>perissen</i>, <i>perisshen</i>, F.
<i>p&eacute;rir</i>, p. pr. <i>p&eacute;rissant</i>, L. <i>perire</i>
to go or run through, come to nothing, perish; <i>per</i> through +
<i>ire</i> to go.  Cf. <u>Issue</u>, and see <u>-ish</u>.] <def>To be
destroyed; to pass away; to become nothing; to be lost; to die; hence,
to wither; to waste away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>perish</i> with hunger!</blockquote> <i>Luke xv.
17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Grow up and <i>perish</i>, as the summer
fly.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The thoughts of a soul that <i>perish</i> in
thinking.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause
perish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`ish*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Perishableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"ish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;rissable</i>.] <def>Liable to perish; subject to decay,
destruction, or death; as, <i>perishable</i> goods; our
<i>perishable</i> bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"ish*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being perishable; liability to decay or destruction.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"ish*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a perishable
degree or manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>perissement</i>.] <def>The act of perishing.</def> [R.]
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*so"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Perisomata</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Perisome</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-</i> +
<i>-some</i> body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The entire covering of an
invertebrate animal, as echinoderm or c&oelig;lenterate; the
integument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;risperme</i>. See <u>Peri-</u>, and <u>Sperm</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The albumen of a seed, especially that portion
which is formed outside of the embryo sac.</def> --
<wf>Per`i*sper"mic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per`i*spher"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Per`i*spher"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exactly spherical; globular.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*spom"e*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Perispomena</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?;, pr. pass. p. of
&?; to draw around, to circumflex; &?; around + &?; to draw.] <i>(Gr.
Gram.)</i> <def>A word which has the circumflex accent on the last
syllable.</def>  <i>Goodwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The outer covering of a spore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"is*sad</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; odd, from
&?; over.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Odd; not even; -- said of elementary
substances and of radicals whose valence is not divisible by two
without a remainder. Contrasted with <i>artiad</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"isse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
perish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`is*so*dac"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Perissodactyla.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`is*so*dac"ty*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?; odd (fr. &?; over) + &?; finger.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of ungulate mammals, including those that have an odd
number of toes, as the horse, tapir, and rhinoceros; -- opposed to
<i>Artiodactyla</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`is*so*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;rissologique</i>.] <def>Redundant or excessive in
words.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per`is*sol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perissologia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; odd, superfluous + &?; discourse.]
<def>Superfluity of words.</def> [R.]  <i>G. Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*stal"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Peristaltic</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Peristaltic contraction or
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*stal"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; clasping
and compressing, fr. &?; to surround, wrap up; &?; round + &?; to
place, arrange: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;ristaltique</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Applied to the peculiar wormlike wave motion of the intestines
and other similar structures, produced by the successive contraction
of the muscular fibers of their walls, forcing their contents onwards;
as, <i>peristaltic</i> movement.</def> --
<wf>Per`i*stal"tic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Per`is*te"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Peristerion</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of orchidaceous
plants. See <u>Dove plant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`is*te"ri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a dovecote, a kind of verbena, fr. &?; a dove, pigeon; cf. L.
<i>peristereon</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The herb vervain (<i>Verbena
officinalis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ris"ter*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
pigeon.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of albite, whitish and slightly
iridescent like a pigeon's neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ris`ter*o*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
a pigeon + <i>-morphous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or
pertaining to the pigeons or Columb&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ris`ter*op"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
pigeon + &?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having pigeonlike
feet; -- said of those gallinaceous birds that rest on all four toes,
as the curassows and megapods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ris"to*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;ristole</i>. See <u>Peristaltic</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Peristaltic action, especially of the intestines.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*ris"to*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Peristomata</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <def>Same as
<u>Peristome</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1068 !></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*stome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-</i>
+ Gr. &?;, &?;, mouth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
fringe of teeth around the orifice of the capsule of mosses. It
consists of 4, 8, 16, 32, or 64 teeth, and may be either single or
double.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
lip, or edge of the aperture, of a spiral shell.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The membrane surrounding the mouth of an
invertebrate animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*sto"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a peristome.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*sto"mi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Same as <u>Peristome</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*streph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to turn
round.] <def>Turning around; rotatory; revolving; as, a
<i>peristrephic</i> painting (of a panorama).</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peristylum</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;; &?; about + &?; a column: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;ristyle</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A range of columns with
their entablature, etc.; specifically, a complete system of columns,
whether on all sides of a court, or surrounding a building, such as
the cella of a temple. Used in the former sense, it gives name to the
larger and inner court of a Roman dwelling, the <i>peristyle</i>. See
<u>Colonnade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*sys"to*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-
</i> + <i>systole</i>: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;risystole</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The interval between the diastole and systole
of the heart. It is perceptible only in the dying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*rite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>peritus</i>.]
<def>Skilled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*the"ci*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; around + &?; box.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An organ in certain fungi
and lichens, surrounding and enveloping the masses of
fructification.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*rit"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; cut off
all around. See <u>Peri-</u>, and <u>Tome</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Cleaving in more directions than one, parallel to the
axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*to*n&aelig;"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Peritoneum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*to*ne"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;riton&eacute;al</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the peritoneum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*to*ne"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peritoneum</i>, <i>peritonaeum</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?; to
stretch all around or over; &?; around + &?; to stretch.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The smooth serous membrane which lines the cavity
of the abdomen, or the whole body cavity when there is no diaphragm,
and, turning back, surrounds the viscera, forming a closed, or nearly
closed, sac.</def> [Written also <i>periton&aelig;um</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*to*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Peritoneum</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation
of the peritoneum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*tra"che*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Surrounding the trache&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*treme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>peri-</i>
+ Gr. &?; a hole.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That
part of the integument of an insect which surrounds the
spiracles.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The edge of the aperture of
a univalve shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*rit"ri*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; about + &?;, &?;, hair.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of ciliated Infusoria having a circle of cilia around the oral disk
and sometimes another around the body. It includes the vorticellas.
See <u>Vorticella</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*tro"chi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; around + &?; a wheel.] <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The wheel which,
together with the axle, forms the <i>axis in peritrochio</i>, which
see under <u>Axis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*it"ro*pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to turn around; &?; around + &?; to turn: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;ritrope</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rotatory;
circuitous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the axis of the seed perpendicular
to the axis of the pericarp to which it is attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*it"ro*pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Peritropal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`i*typh*li"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Peri-</u>, and <u>Typhlitis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation
of the connective tissue about the c&aelig;cum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*u"ter*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Surrounding the uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*vas"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Around the
blood vessels; as, <i>perivascular</i> lymphatics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*ver"te*bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Surrounding the vertebr&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*vis"cer*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Around the viscera; as, the <i>perivisceral</i> cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*vi*tel"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>peri-</i> + <i>vitelline</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Situated around
the vitellus, or between the vitellus and zona pellucida of an
ovum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*wig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>perrwige</i>,
<i>perwicke</i>, corrupt. fr. F. <i>perruque</i>; cf. OD.
<i>peruyk</i>, from French. See <u>Peruke</u>, and cf. <u>Wig</u>.]
<def>A headdress of false hair, usually covering the whole head, and
representing the natural hair; a wig.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*wig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Perwigged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perwigging</u> (?).] <def>To dress with a periwig, or with false
hair.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"i*win`kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From AS.
<i>pinewincla</i> a shellfish, in which <i>pine-</i> is fr. L.
<i>pina</i>, <i>pinna</i>, a kind of mussel, akin to Gr. &?;.  Cf.
<u>Winkle</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small marine gastropod
shell of the genus Littorina. The common European species
(<i>Littorina littorea</i>), in Europe extensively used as food, has
recently become naturalized abundantly on the American coast. See
<u>Littorina</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In America the name is often applied to several large
univalves, as <i>Fulgur carica</i>, and <i>F. canaliculata</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Per"i*win`kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pervenke</i>,
AS. <i>pervince</i>, fr. L. <i>pervinca</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
trailing herb of the genus <i>Vinca</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common perwinkle (<i>Vinca minor</i>) has opposite
evergreen leaves and solitary blue or white flowers in their axils. In
America it is often miscalled <i>myrtle</i>. See under
<u>Myrtle</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Per"jen*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pear</u>, and
<u>Jenneting</u>.] <def>A kind of pear.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"jure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Perjured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perjuring</u>.] [F. <i>parjurer</i>, L. <i>perjurare</i>,
<i>perjerare</i>; <i>per</i> through, over + <i>jurare</i> to swear.
See <u>Jury</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to violate an oath
or a vow; to cause to make oath knowingly to what is untrue; to make
guilty of perjury; to forswear; to corrupt; -- often used reflexively;
as, he <i>perjured</i> himself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Want will <i>perjure</i><BR>
The ne'er-touched vestal.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a false oath to; to deceive by
oaths and protestations.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And with a virgin innocence did pray<BR>
For me, that <i>perjured</i> her.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Perjure</u>, <u>Forswear</u>.  These words
have been used interchangeably; but there is a tendency to restrict
<i>perjure</i> to that species of forswearing which constitutes the
crime of perjury at law, namely, the willful violation of an oath
administered by a magistrate or according to law.</p>

<p><hw>Per"jure</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>perjurus</i>: cf.
OF. <i>parjur</i>, F. <i>parjure</i>.] <def>A perjured person.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"jured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Guilty of
perjury; having sworn falsely; forsworn.</def> <i>Shak.</i>
"<i>Perjured</i> persons." <i>1 Tim. i. 10.</i> "Their <i>perjured</i>
oath." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"jur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
guilty of perjury; one who perjures or forswears, in any
sense.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per*ju"ri*ous</hw> (?), <hw>Per"ju*rous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>perjuriosus</i>, <i>perjurus</i>.]
<def>Guilty of perjury; containing perjury.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Quarles.
B. Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"ju*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Perjuries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>perjurium</i>. See
<u>Perjure</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>False
swearing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>At common law, a willfully
false statement in a fact material to the issue, made by a witness
under oath in a competent judicial proceeding. By statute the
penalties of perjury are imposed on the making of willfully false
affirmations.</def></p>

<p>&fist; If a man swear falsely in nonjudicial affidavits, it is made
perjury by statute in some jurisdictions in the United States.</p>

<p><hw>Perk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Perked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perking</u>.] [Cf. W. <i>percu</i> to trim, to make smart.] <def>To
make trim or smart; to straighten up; to erect; to make a jaunty or
saucy display of; as, to <i>perk</i> the ears; to <i>perk</i> up one's
head.</def>  <i>Cowper. Sherburne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Perk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To exalt one's self; to
bear one's self loftily.</def> "To <i>perk</i> over them."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To perk it</b></col>, <cd>to carry one's self proudly or
saucily.</cd>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Perk</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Smart; trim; spruce;
jaunty; vain.</def> "<i>Perk</i> as a peacock."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Perk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To peer; to look
inquisitively.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of weak
perry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"kin*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
remedial treatment, by drawing the pointed extremities of two rods,
each of a different metal, over the affected part; tractoration, --
first employed by Dr. Elisha <i>Perkins</i> of Norwich, Conn. See
<u>Metallotherapy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Perk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Perk; pert; jaunty;
trim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There amid <i>perky</i> larches and pines.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Pearl</u>.]
<def>Pearly; resembling pearl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any insect of the genus <i>Perla</i>, or family
<i>Perlid&aelig;</i>. See <i>Stone fly</i>, under
<u>Stone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Pearlite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Relating to or resembling perlite, or pearlstone; as, the
<i>perlitic</i> structure of certain rocks. See
<u>Pearlite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Perilous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`lus*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perlustrare</i> to wander all through, to survey. See 3d
<u>Luster</u>.] <def>The act of viewing all over.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"ma*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Permanent;
durable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per"ma*nence</hw> (?), <hw>Per"ma*nen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>permanence</i>.] <def>The quality or
state of being permanent; continuance in the same state or place;
duration; fixedness; as, the <i>permanence</i> of institutions; the
<i>permanence</i> of nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"ma*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>permanens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>permanere</i> to stay or
remain to the end, to last; <i>per + manere</i> to remain: cf. F.
<i>permanent</i>. See <u>Per-</u>, and <u>Mansion</u>.]
<def>Continuing in the same state, or without any change that destroys
form or character; remaining unaltered or unremoved; abiding; durable;
fixed; stable; lasting; as, a <i>permanent</i> impression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eternity stands <i>permanent</i> and
fixed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Permanent gases</b></col> <i>(Chem. &amp; Physics)</i>,
<cd>hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon monoxide; -- also called
<i>incondensible or incoercible gases</i>, before their liquefaction
in 1877.</cd> -- <col><b>Permanent way</b></col>, <cd>the roadbed and
superstructure of a finished railway; -- so called in distinction from
the contractor's <i>temporary way</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Permanent
white</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>barium sulphate (<i>heavy
spar</i>), used as a white pigment or paint, in distinction from
<i>white lead</i>, which tarnishes and darkens from the formation of
the sulphide.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lasting; durable; constant. See <u>Lasting</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Per"ma*nent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a permanent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*man"ga*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of permanganic acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Potassium permanganate</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Potassium permanganate</i>, under <u>Potassium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Per`man*gan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, one of the higher acids of
manganese, HMnO<sub>4</sub>, which forms salts called
<i>permanganates</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*man"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>permansio</i>. See <u>Permanent</u>.] <def>Continuance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`me*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perm&eacute;abilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
permeable.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magnetic permeability</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the
specific capacity of a body for magnetic induction, or its conducting
power for lines of magnetic force.</cd>  <i>Sir W. Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"me*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>permeabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>perm&eacute;able</i>. See
<u>Permeate</u>.] <def>Capable of being permeated, or passed through;
yielding passage; passable; penetrable; -- used especially of
substances which allow the passage of fluids; as, wood is
<i>permeable</i> to oil; glass is <i>permeable</i> to light.</def>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"me*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a permeable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"me*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>permeans</i>,
p. pr.] <def>Passing through; permeating.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"me*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Permeated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Permeating</u>.] [L. <i>permeatus</i>, p. p. of <i>permeare</i> to
permeate; <i>per + meare</i> to go, pass.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass through the pores or interstices of; to penetrate and pass
through without causing rupture or displacement; -- applied especially
to fluids which pass through substances of loose texture; as, water
<i>permeates</i> sand.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter and spread through; to
pervade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God was conceived to be diffused throughout the whole
world, to <i>permeate</i> and pervade all things.</blockquote>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`me*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
permeating, passing through, or spreading throughout, the pores or
interstices of any substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here is not a mere involution only, but a spiritual
<i>permeation</i> and inexistence.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From the ancient
kingdom of <i>Permia</i>, where the Permian formation exists.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Belonging or relating to the period, and also to
the formation, next following the Carboniferous, and regarded as
closing the Carboniferous age and Paleozoic era.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Permian period. See <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"mi*ans</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Permian</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe
belonging to the Finnic race, and inhabiting a portion of
Russia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*mis"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>permiscere</i> to mingle; <i>per + miscere</i> to mix.]
<def>Capable of being mixed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*miss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Permit</u>.]
<def>A permitted choice; a rhetorical figure in which a thing is
committed to the decision of one's opponent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*mis`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being permissible; permissibleness;
allowableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*mis"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
permitted; allowable; admissible.</def> --
<wf>Per*mis"si*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Per*mis"si*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>permissio</i>: cf. F. <i>permission</i>. See <u>Permit</u>.]
<def>The act of permitting or allowing; formal consent; authorization;
leave; license or liberty granted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>High <i>permission</i> of all-ruling
Heaven.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You have given me your <i>permission</i> for this
address.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Leave; liberty; license.  -- <u>Leave</u>,
<u>Permission</u>. <i>Leave</i> implies that the recipient may decide
whether to use the license granted or not. <i>Permission</i> is the
absence on the part of another of anything preventive, and in general,
at least by implication, signifies approval.</p>

<p><hw>Per*mis"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Permitting; granting leave or liberty.</def> "By his
<i>permissive</i> will."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Permitted; tolerated; suffered.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*mis"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
permissive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*mis"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>permistio</i>, <i>permixtio</i>, fr. <i>permiscere</i>,
<i>permistum</i>, and <i>permixtum</i>. See <u>Permiscible</u>.]
<def>The act of mixing; the state of being mingled; mixture.</def>
[Written also <i>permixtion</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Permitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Permitting</u>.] [L. <i>permittere</i>, <i>permissum</i>, to let
through, to allow, permit; <i>per + mittere</i> to let go, send. See
<u>Per-</u>, and <u>Mission</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To consent
to; to allow or suffer to be done; to tolerate; to put up
with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What things God doth neither command nor forbid . . .
he <i>permitteth</i> with approbation either to be done or left
undone.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grant (one) express license or liberty
to do an act; to authorize; to give leave; -- followed by an
infinitive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art <i>permitted</i> to speak for
thyself.</blockquote> <i>Acis xxvi. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give over; to resign; to leave; to
commit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us not aggravate our sorrows,<BR>
But to the gods <i>permit</i> the event of things.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To allow; let; grant; admit; suffer; tolerate;
endure; consent to.  -- To <u>Allow</u>, <u>Permit</u>, <u>Suffer</u>,
<u>Tolerate</u>. To <i>allow</i> is more positive, denoting (at least
originally and etymologically) a decided assent, either directly or by
implication. To <i>permit</i> is more negative, and imports only
acquiescence or an abstinence from prevention. The distinction,
however, is often disregarded by good writers. To <i>suffer</i> has a
stronger passive or negative sense than to <i>permit</i>, sometimes
implying against the will, sometimes mere indifference. To
<i>tolerate</i> is to endure what is contrary to will or desire. To
<i>suffer</i> and to <i>tolerate</i> are sometimes used without
discrimination.</p>

<p><hw>Per*mit"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grant
permission; to allow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"mit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Warrant; license;
leave; permission; specifically, a written license or permission given
to a person or persons having authority; as, a <i>permit</i> to land
goods subject to duty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*mit"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
permitting; allowance; permission; leave.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`mit*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One to whom a
permission or permit is given.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*mit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
permits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>permitter</i>, or not a hinderer, of
sin.</blockquote> <i>J. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*mix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mix; to
mingle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*mix"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Permission</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*mut"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>permutable</i>.] <def>Capable of being permuted;
exchangeable.</def> -- <wf>Per*mut"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Per*mut"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per`mu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>permutatio</i>: cf. F. <i>permutation</i>. See <u>Permute</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of permuting; exchange of the thing
for another; mutual transference; interchange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The violent convulsions and <i>permutations</i> that
have been made in property.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
arrangement of any determinate number of things, as units, objects,
letters, etc., in all possible orders, one after the other; -- called
also <i>alternation</i>.  Cf. <u>Combination</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of
such possible arrangements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Barter; exchange.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Permutation lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock in which the parts
can be transposed or shifted, so as to require different arrangements
of the tumblers on different occasions of unlocking.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1069 !></p>

<p><hw>Per*mute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>permutare</i>, <i>permutatum</i>; <i>per + mutare</i> to change:
cf. F. <i>permuter</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To interchange; to
transfer reciprocally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exchange; to barter; to traffic.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bought, trucked, <i>permuted</i>, or
given.</blockquote> <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*mut"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
permutes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pern</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Pernancy</u>.]
<def>To take profit of; to make profitable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
honey buzzard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"nan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>prenance</i>,
fr. <i>prendre</i>, <i>prenre</i>, <i>penre</i>, to take, L.
<i>prendere</i>, <i>prehendere</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A taking or
reception, as the receiving of rents or tithes in kind, the receiving
of profits.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pimpernel</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*ni"cion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d
<u>Pernicious</u>.] <def>Destruction; perdition.</def> [Obs.]
<i>hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*ni"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pernix</i>,
<i>-icis</i>.] <def>Quick; swift (to burn).</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*ni"cious</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>perniciosus</i>,
from <i>pernicies</i> destruction, from <i>pernecare</i> to kill or
slay outright; <i>per + necare</i> to kill, slay: cf. F.
<i>pernicieux</i>.  Cf. <u>Nuisance</u>, <u>Necromancy</u>.]
<def>Having the quality of injuring or killing; destructive; very
mischievous; baleful; malicious; wicked.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let this <i>pernicious</i> hour<BR>
Stand aye accursed in the calendar.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pernicious</i> to his health.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Destructive; ruinous; deadly; noxious; injurious;
baneful; deleterious; hurtful; mischievous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Per*ni"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, --
<wf>Per*ni"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per*nic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pernicitas</i>. See 1st <u>Pernicious</u>.] <def>Swiftness;
celerity.</def> [R.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Per"ni*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A chilblain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`noc*ta"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
watches or keeps awake all night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`noc*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pernoctatio</i>, fr. <i>pernoctare</i> to stay all night; <i>per +
nox</i>, <i>noctis</i>, night.] <def>The act or state of passing the
whole night; a remaining all night.</def> "<i>Pernoctation</i> in
prayer."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"nor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pern</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who receives the profits,
as of an estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"not fur"nace</hw> (?). [So called from Charles
<i>Pernot</i>, its inventor.] <def>A reverberatory furnace with a
circular revolving hearth, -- used in making steel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"ny*i moth"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A silk-
producing moth (<i>Attacus Pernyi</i>) which feeds upon the oak. It
has been introduced into Europe and America from China.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*of"skite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From von
<i>Perovski</i>, of St.Petersburg.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A titanate of
lime occurring in octahedral or cubic crystals.</def> [Written also
<i>Perovskite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pe*rogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pirogue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"o*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>peronatus</i>
rough&?;booted, fr. <i>pero</i>, <i>-onis</i>, a kind of rough boot.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A term applied to the stipes or stalks of certain
fungi which are covered with a woolly substance which at length
becomes powdery.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`o*ne"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
fibula.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the fibula; in the
region of the fibula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Peroration</u>.] <def>To make a peroration; to harangue.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Per`o*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>peroratio</i>, fr. <i>perorate</i>, <i>peroratum</i>, to speak from
beginning to end; <i>per + orate</i> to speak. See <u>Per-</u>, and
<u>Oration</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The concluding part of an
oration; especially, a final summing up and enforcement of an
argument.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*ox`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act,
process, or result of peroxidizing; oxidation to a peroxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*ox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An oxide containing more oxygen than some other oxide of the same
element. Formerly peroxides were regarded as the highest oxides.  Cf.
<u>Per-</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*ox"i*dize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Peroxidized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Peroxidizing</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To oxidize to
the utmost degree, so as to form a peroxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*pend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perpendere</i>, <i>perpensum</i>; <i>per + pendere</i> to weight.]
<def>To weight carefully in the mind.</def> [R.] "<i>Perpend</i> my
words."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*pend"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To attend; to be
attentive.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*pend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>parpaing</i>,
pierre <i>parpaigne</i>; of uncertain origin.] <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>A
large stone reaching through a wall so as to appear on both sides of
it, and acting as a binder; -- called also <i>perbend</i>, <i>perpend
stone</i>, and <i>perpent stone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*pen"di*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perpendiculum</i>; <i>per + pendere</i> to hang: cf. F.
<i>perpendicule</i>.] <def>Something hanging straight down; a plumb
line.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per`pen*dic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perpendicularis</i>, <i>perpendicularius</i>: cf. F.
<i>perpendiculaire</i>. See <u>Perpendicle</u>, <u>Pension</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exactly upright or vertical; pointing to the
zenith; at right angles to the plane of the horizon; extending in a
right line from any point toward the center of the earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>At right angles to a given
line or surface; as, the line <i>ad</i> is <i>perpendicular</i> to the
line <i>bc</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Perpendicular style</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a name
given to the latest variety of English Gothic architecture, which
prevailed from the close of the 14th century to the early part of the
16th; -- probably so called from the vertical style of its window
mullions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Per`pen*dic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A line at right angles to the plane of the
horizon; a vertical line or direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A line or plane falling at
right angles on another line or surface, or making equal angles with
it on each side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`pen*dic`u*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perpendicularit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
perpendicular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`pen*dic"u*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
perpendicular manner; vertically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"pend stone`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Perpender</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*pen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Perpend</u>.] <def>Careful consideration; pondering.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*pen"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Perpension.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per"pent stone`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Perpender</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*pes"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perpessio</i>, fr. <i>perpeti</i>, <i>perpessus</i>, to bear
steadfastly; <i>per + pati</i> to bear.] <def>Suffering;
endurance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"pe*tra"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being perpetrated.</def>  <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"pe*trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Perpetrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Perpetrating</u>.] [L. <i>perpetratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>perpetrare</i> to effect, perpetrare; <i>per + patrare</i> to
perform.] <def>To do or perform; to carry through; to execute,
commonly in a bad sense; to commit (as a crime, an offense); to be
guilty of; as, to <i>perpetrate</i> a foul deed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What the worst <i>perpetrate</i>, or best
endure.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`pe*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perpetratio</i>: cf. F. <i>perp&eacute;tration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of perpetrating; a doing; -- commonly
used of doing something wrong, as a crime.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing perpetrated; an evil
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"pe*tra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
perpetrates; esp., one who commits an offense or crime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*pet"u*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being perpetuated or continued.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Varieties are <i>perpetuable</i>, like
species.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*pet"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>perpetuel</i>, F. <i>perp&eacute;tuel</i>, fr. L.
<i>perpetualis</i>, fr. <i>perpetuus</i> continuing throughout,
continuous, fr. <i>perpes</i>, <i>-etis</i>, lasting throughout.]
<def>Neverceasing; continuing forever or for an unlimited time;
unfailing; everlasting; continuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unto the kingdom of <i>perpetual</i>
night.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Perpetual</i> feast of nectared sweets.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Circle of perpetual apparition</b></col>, or
<col><b>occultation</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Circle</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Perpetual calendar</b></col>, <cd>a calendar so devised that
it may be adjusted for any month or year.</cd> -- <col><b>Perpetual
curacy</b></col> <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i>, <cd>a curacy in which all the
tithes are appropriated, and no vicarage is endowed.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Perpetual motion</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Motion</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Perpetual screw</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Endless screw</i>, under <u>Screw</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Continual; unceasing; endless; everlasting;
incessant; constant; eternal. See <u>Constant</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Per*pet"u*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
perpetual manner; constantly; continually.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Bible and Common Prayer Book in the vulgar tongue,
being <i>perpetually</i> read in churches, have proved a kind of
standard for language.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*pet"u*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or condition of being perpetual.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Testament of
Love.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Per*pet"u*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Perpetuity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*pet"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Perpetuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Perpetuating</u>.] [L. <i>perpetuatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>perpetuare</i> to perpetuate. See <u>Perpetual</u>.] <def>To make
perpetual; to cause to endure, or to be continued, indefinitely; to
preserve from extinction or oblivion; to eternize.</def>  <i>Addison.
Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*pet"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perpetuatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Made perpetual; perpetuated.</def>
[R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*pet`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perp&eacute;tuation</i>.] <def>The act of making perpetual, or of
preserving from extinction through an endless existence, or for an
indefinite period of time; continuance.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`pe*tu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perpetuitas</i>: cf. F. <i>perp&eacute;tuit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being perpetual; as,
the <i>perpetuity</i> of laws.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A path to <i>perpetuity</i> of fame.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>perpetuity</i> of single emotion is
insanity.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something that is perpetual.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Endless time.</def> "And yet we should, for
<i>perpetuity</i>, go hence in debt."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Annuities)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
number of years in which the simple interest of any sum becomes equal
to the principal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The number of years'
purchase to be given for an annuity to continue forever.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A perpetual annuity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Duration
without limitations as to time.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
quality or condition of an estate by which it becomes inalienable,
either perpetually or for a very long period; also, the estate itself
so modified or perpetuated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*plex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Perplexed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perplexing</u>.] [L. <i>perplexari</i>. See <u>Perplex</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To involve; to entangle;
to make intricate or complicated, and difficult to be unraveled or
understood; as, to <i>perplex</i> one with doubts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No artful wildness to <i>perplex</i> the
scene.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What was thought obscure, <i>perplexed</i>, and too
hard for our weak parts, will lie open to the understanding in a fair
view.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To embarrass; to puzzle; to distract; to
bewilder; to confuse; to trouble with ambiguity, suspense, or
anxiety.</def> "<i>Perplexd</i> beyond self-explication."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are <i>perplexed</i>, but not in
despair.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. iv. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We can distinguish no general truths, or at least shall
be apt to <i>perplex</i> the mind.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To plague; to vex; to tormen.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To entangle; involve; complicate; embarrass; puzzle;
bewilder; confuse; distract. See <u>Embarrass</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Per*plex"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>perplexus</i>
entangled, intricate; <i>per + plectere</i>, <i>plexum</i>, to plait,
braid: cf. F. <i>perplexe</i>. See <u>Per-</u>, and <u>Plait</u>.]
<def>Intricate; difficult.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*plexed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Entangled,
involved, or confused; hence, embarrassd; puzzled; doubtful;
anxious.</def> -- <wf>Per*plex"ed*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Per*plex"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per*plex"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Embarrassing;
puzzling; troublesome.</def> "<i>Perplexing</i> thoughts."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*plex"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Perplexities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>perplexitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>perplexit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
perplexed or puzzled; complication; intricacy; entanglement;
distraction of mind through doubt or difficulty; embarrassment;
bewilderment; doubt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By their own <i>perplexities</i> involved,<BR>
They ravel more.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*plex"ive*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being perplexing; tendency to perplex.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*plex"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Perplexedly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`po*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perpotatio</i>, fr. <i>perpotate</i>. See <u>Per-</u>, and
<u>Potation</u>.] <def>The act of drinking excessively; a drinking
bout.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per"qui*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perquisitum</i>, fr. <i>perquisitus</i>, p. p. of <i>perquirere</i>
to ask for diligently; <i>per + quaerere</i> to seek. See <u>Per-</u>,
and <u>Quest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something gained from a
place or employment over and above the ordinary salary or fixed wages
for services rendered; especially, a fee allowed by law to an officer
for a specific service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pillage of a place taken by storm was regarded as
the <i>perquisite</i> of the soldiers.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The best <i>perquisites</i> of a place are the
advantages it gaves a man of doing good.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Things gotten by a
man's own industry, or purchased with his own money, as opposed to
things which come to him by descent.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"qui*sit*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supplied with
perquisites.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Perquisited</i> varlets frequent stand."
<i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`qui*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perquisition</i>.] <def>A thorough inquiry of search.</def> [R.]
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*ra"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Situated around the radii, or radial tubes, of a
radiate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pierreries</i>,
pl., fr. <i>pierre</i> stone, L. <i>petra</i>.] <def>Precious stones;
jewels.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>perre</i>, <i>perrye</i>, etc.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>perriere</i>,
<i>perrier</i>, F. <i>perrier</i>.  Cf. <u>Pederero</u>.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A short mortar used formerly for throwing stone
shot.</def>  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`ro*quet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Paroquet</u>,
<u>Parakeet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`ruque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Peruke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*ru"qui*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A marker
of perukes or wigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>per&eacute;</i>,
F. <i>poir&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>poire</i> a pear, L. <i>pirum</i>. See
<u>Pear</u> the fruit.] <def>A fermented liquor made from pears; pear
cider.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A suddent squall. See
<u>Pirry</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pers</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>pers</i>.]
<def>Light blue; grayish blue; -- a term applied to different shades
at different periods.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cloth of
sky-blue color.</def> [Obs.] "A long surcoat of <i>pers</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"salt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
term formerly given to the salts supposed to be formed respectively by
neutralizing acids with certain peroxides.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Per"sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>per&ccedil;ant</i>, p. pr. of <i>percer</i> to pierce.]
<def>Piercing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`scru*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perscrutatio</i>, fr. <i>perscrutari</i> to search through.] <def>A
thorough searching; a minute inquiry or scrutiny.</def>
<i>Carlyle</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"se*cot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Persicot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"se*cute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Persecuted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Persecuting</u>.] [F. <i>pers&eacute;cueter</i>, L.
<i>persequi</i>, <i>persecutus</i>, to pursue, prosecute; <i>per +
sequi</i> to follow, pursue. See <u>Per-</u>, and <u>Second</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or
afflict; to beset with cruelty or malignity; to harass; especially, to
afflict, harass, punish, or put to death, for adherence to a
particular religious creed or mode of worship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which
despitefully use you, and <i>persecute</i> you.</blockquote> <i>Matt.
v. 44.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To harass with importunity; to pursue with
persistent solicitations; to annoy.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To oppress; harass; distress; worry; annoy.</p>

<p><hw>Per`se*cu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pers&eacute;cution</i>, L. <i>persecutio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or practice of persecuting; especially, the infliction of
loss, pain, or death for adherence to a particular creed or mode of
worship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Persecution</i> produces no sincere
conviction.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or condition of being
persecuted.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A carrying on; prosecution.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per"se*cu`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>pers&eacute;cuteur</i>.] <def>One who persecutes, or
harasses.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"se*cu`trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A woman
who persecutes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"se*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>One of a group of shooting stars which appear yearly about the
10th of August, and cross the heavens in paths apparently radiating
from the constellation <i>Perseus</i>. They are beleived to be
fragments once connected with a comet visible in 1862.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"se*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A Grecian legendary
hero, son of Jupiter and Dana&euml;, who slew the Gorgon
Medusa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A consellation of the
northern hemisphere, near Taurus and Cassiopea. It contains a star
cluster visible to the naked eye as a nebula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*sev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
persevere.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per`se*ver"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pers&eacute;v&eacute;rance</i>, L. <i>perseverantia</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of persevering; persistence in
anything undertaken; continued pursuit or prosecution of any business,
or enterprise begun.</def> "The king-becoming graces . . .
<i>perseverance</i>, mercy, lowliness."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose constant <i>perseverance</i> overcame<BR>
Whate'er his cruel malice could invent.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Discrimination.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir J.
Harrington.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Continuance in a state of
grace until it is succeeded by a state of glory; sometimes called
<i>final perseverance</i>, and <i>the perseverance of the saints</i>.
See <u>Calvinism</u>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Persistence; steadfastness; constancy; steadiness;
pertinacity.</p>

<p><! p. 1070 !></p>

<p><hw>Per`se*ver"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perseverans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr.: cf. F.
<i>pers&eacute;v&eacute;rant</i>.] <def>Persevering.</def> [R.]
"<i>Perseverant</i> faith." <i>Whitby.</i> --
<wf>Per`se*ver"ant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per`se*vere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Persevered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Persevering</u>.] [F. <i>pers&eacute;v&eacute;rer</i>,
L. <i>perseverare</i>, fr. <i>perseverus</i> very strict; <i>per +
severus</i> strict, severe. See <u>Per-</u>, and <u>Severe</u>.]
<def>To persist in any business or enterprise undertaken; to pursue
steadily any project or course begun; to maintain a purpose in spite
of counter influences, opposition, or discouragement; not to give or
abandon what is undertaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thrice happy, if they know<BR>
Their happiness, and <i>persevere</i> upright.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Persevere</u>, <u>Continue</u>,
<u>Persist</u>.  The idea of not laying aside is common to these
words. <i>Continue</i> is the generic term, denoting simply to do as
one has done hitherto. To <i>persevere</i> is to <i>continue</i> in a
given course in spite of discouragements, etc., from a desire to
obtain our end. To <i>persist</i> is to <i>continue</i> from a
determination of will not to give up. <i>Persist</i> is frequently
used in a bad sense, implying obstinacy in pursuing an unworthy
aim.</p>

<p><hw>Per`se*ver"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characterized by perseverance; persistent.</def> --
<wf>Per`se*ver"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>Persia</i>:
cf. It. <i>Persiano</i>.  Cf. <u>Parsee</u>, <u>Peach</u>,
<u>Persic</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Persia, to the Persians, or
to their language.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Persian berry</b></col>, <cd>the fruit of <i>Rhamnus
infectorius</i>, a kind of buckthorn, used for dyeing yellow, and
imported chiefly from Trebizond.</cd> -- <col><b>Persian
cat</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Angora cat</i>,
under <u>Angora</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Persian columns</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>columns of which the shaft represents a Persian
slave; -- called also <i>Persians</i>. See <u>Atlantes</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Persian drill</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a drill which is
turned by pushing a nut back and forth along a spirally grooved drill
holder.</cd> -- <col><b>Persian fire</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>malignant pustule.</cd> -- <col><b>Persian powder</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Insect powder</i>, under <u>Insect</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Persian red</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Indian red</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under <u>Indian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Persian
wheel</b></col>, <cd>a noria; a tympanum. See <u>Noria</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Per"sian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Persia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language spoken in Persia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thin silk fabric, used formerly for
linings.</def>  <i>Beck.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <i>Persian
columns</i>, under <u>Persian</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Per"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Persicus</i>.
Cf. <u>Persian</u>.] <def>Of or relating to Persia.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Persian language.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`si*ca"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from LL.
<i>persicarius</i> a peach tree. See <u>Peach</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Lady's thumb</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"si*cot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Peach</u>.] <def>A cordial made of the kernels of apricots,
nectarines, etc., with refined spirit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per`si`flage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>persifler</i> to quiz, fr. L. <i>per + siffler</i> to whistle,
hiss, L. <i>sibilare</i>, <i>sifilare</i>.] <def>Frivolous or
bantering talk; a frivolous manner of treating any subject, whether
serious or otherwise; light raillery.</def>  <i>Hannah More.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Per`si`fleur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>One who
indulges in persiflage; a banterer; a quiz.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*sim"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Virginia Indian.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American tree (<i>Diospyros Virginiana</i>) and
its fruit, found from New York southward. The fruit is like a plum in
appearance, but is very harsh and astringent until it has been exposed
to frost, when it becomes palatable and nutritious.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Japanese persimmon</b></col>, <cd><i>Diospyros Kaki</i> and
its red or yellow edible fruit, which outwardly resembles a tomato,
but contains a few large seeds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Per"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A kind of coloring matter obtained from lichens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"sism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Persian
idiom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*sist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Persisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Persisting</u>.] [L. <i>persistere</i>; <i>per + sistere</i> to
stand or be fixed, fr. <i>stare</i> to stand: cf. F. <i>persister</i>.
See <u>Per-</u>, and <u>Stand</u>.] <def>To stand firm; to be fixed
and unmoved; to stay; to continue steadfastly; especially, to continue
fixed in a course of conduct against opposing motives; to persevere; -
- sometimes conveying an unfavorable notion, as of doggedness or
obstinacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If they <i>persist</i> in pointing their batteries
against particular persons, no laws of war forbid the making
reprisals.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some positive, <i>persisting</i> fops we know,<BR>
Who, if once wrong, will needs be always so.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That face <i>persists</i>.<BR>
It floats up; it turns over in my mind.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Persevere</u>, and <u>Insist</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Per*sist"ence</hw> (?), <hw>Per*sist"en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Persistent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being persistent; staying or continuing
quality; hence, in an unfavorable sense, doggedness;
obstinacy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The continuance of an effect after the
cause which first gave rise to it is removed</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The <i>persistence</i> of
motion.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Visual
<i>persistence</i>, or <i>persistence</i> of the visual impression;
auditory <i>persistence</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*sist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>persistens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>persistere</i>. See
<u>Persist</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to persist; having
staying qualities; tenacious of position or purpose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Remaining beyond the period
when parts of the same kind sometimes fall off or are absorbed;
permanent; as, <i>persistent</i> teeth or gills; a <i>persistent</i>
calyx; -- opposed to <i>deciduous</i>, and <i>caducous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*sist"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
persistent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*sist"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to
persist; tenacious of purpose; persistent.</def> --
<wf>Per*sist"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per*sist"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Persistent</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*solve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>persolvere</i>.] <def>To pay wholly, or fully.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>persone</i>,
<i>persoun</i>, <i>person</i>, <i>parson</i>, OF. <i>persone</i>, F.
<i>personne</i>, L. <i>persona</i> a mask (used by actors), a
personage, part, a person, fr. <i>personare</i> to sound through;
<i>per + sonare</i> to sound. See <u>Per-</u>, and cf. <u>Parson</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A character or part, as in a play; a specific
kind or manifestation of individual character, whether in real life,
or in literary or dramatic representation; an assumed character.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>His first appearance upon the stage in his new
<i>person</i> of a sycophant or juggler.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No man can long put on a <i>person</i> and act a
part.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To bear rule, which was thy part<BR>
And <i>person</i>, hadst thou known thyself aright.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How different is the same man from himself, as he
sustains the <i>person</i> of a magistrate and that of a
friend!</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The bodily form of a human being; body;
outward appearance; as, of comely <i>person</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fair <i>persone</i>, and strong, and young of
age.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If it assume my noble father's
<i>person</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Love, sweetness, goodness, in her <i>person</i>
shined.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A living, self-conscious being, as distinct
from an animal or a thing; a moral agent; a human being; a man, woman,
or child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Consider what <i>person</i> stands for; which, I think,
is a thinking, intelligent being, that has reason and
reflection.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A human being spoken of indefinitely; one;
a man; as, any <i>person</i> present.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A parson; the parish priest.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Among Trinitarians, one of
the three subdivisions of the Godhead (the Father, the Son, and the
Holy Ghost); an hypostasis.</def> "Three <i>persons</i> and one God."
<i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>One of three relations or
conditions (that of speaking, that of being spoken to, and that of
being spoken of) pertaining to a noun or a pronoun, and thence also to
the verb of which it may be the subject.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A noun or pronoun, when representing the speaker, is said to
be in the first <i>person</i>; when representing what is spoken to, in
the second <i>person</i>; when representing what is spoken of, in the
third <i>person</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A shoot or bud of a plant; a
polyp or zooid of the compound Hydrozoa Anthozoa, etc.; also, an
individual, in the narrowest sense, among the higher animals.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>True corms, composed of united person&aelig; . . .
usually arise by gemmation, . . . yet in sponges and corals
occasionally by fusion of several originally distinct
<i>persons</i>.</blockquote> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Artificial</b></col>, or <col><b>Fictitious</b></col>,
<col><b>person</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a corporation or body
politic.</cd> <i>blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Natural person</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a man, woman, or child, in distinction from a
corporation.</cd> -- <col><b>In person</b></col>, <cd>by one's self;
with bodily presence; not by representative.</cd> "The king himself
<i>in person</i> is set forth." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>In the person
of</b></col>, <cd>in the place of; acting for.</cd> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To represent as
a person; to personify; to impersonate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Per*so"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Person&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Person</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a well-formed body, or person; graceful; comely; of good
appearance; presentable; as, a <i>personable</i> man or
woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wise, warlike, <i>personable</i>, courteous, and
kind.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king, . . . so visited with sickness, was not
<i>personable</i>.</blockquote> <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Enabled to
maintain pleas in court.</def> <i>Cowell.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Having capacity to take anything granted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>personnage</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Form, appearance, or
belongings of a person; the external appearance, stature, figure, air,
and the like, of a person.</def> "In <i>personage</i> stately."
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The damsel well did view his
<i>personage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Character assumed or represented.</def>
"The actors and <i>personages</i> of this fable." <i>Broome.</i>
"Disguised in a false <i>personage</i>." <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A notable or distinguished person; a
conspicious or peculiar character; as, an illustrious
<i>personage</i>; a comely <i>personage</i> of stature tall.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>personalis</i>: cf. F. <i>personnel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to human beings as distinct from things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man so termed by way of <i>personal</i>
difference.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a particular person;
relating to, or affecting, an individual, or each of many individuals;
peculiar or proper to private concerns; not public or general; as,
<i>personal</i> comfort; <i>personal</i> desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The words are conditional, -- If thou doest well, --
and so <i>personal</i> to Cain.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the external or bodily
appearance; corporeal; as, <i>personal</i> charms.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Done in person; without the intervention of
another.</def> "<i>Personal</i> communication."  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The immediate and <i>personal</i> speaking of
God.</blockquote> <i>White.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Relating to an individual, his character,
conduct, motives, or private affairs, in an invidious and offensive
manner; as, <i>personal</i> reflections or remarks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Denoting person; as, a
<i>personal</i> pronoun.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Personal action</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a suit or
action by which a man claims a debt or personal duty, or damages in
lieu of it; or wherein he claims satisfaction in damages for an injury
to his person or property, or the specific recovery of goods or
chattels; -- opposed to <i>real action</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Personal
equation</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Equation</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Personal estate</b></col> or
<col><b>property</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>movables; chattels; --
opposed to <i>real estate</i> or <i>property</i>. It usually consists
of things temporary and movable, including all subjects of property
not of a freehold nature.</cd> -- <col><b>Personal identity</b></col>
<i>(Metaph.)</i>, <cd>the persistent and continuous unity of the
individual person, which is attested by consciousness.</cd> --
<col><b>Personal pronoun</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>one of the
pronouns <i>I</i>, <i>thou</i>, <i>he</i>, <i>she</i>, <i>it</i>, and
their plurals.</cd> -- <col><b>Personal representatives</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the executors or administrators of a person
deceased.</cd> -- <col><b>Personal rights</b></col>, <cd>rights
appertaining to the person; as, the rights of a <i>personal</i>
security, <i>personal</i> liberty, and private property.</cd> --
<col><b>Personal tithes</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Tithe</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Personal verb</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a verb which is
modified or inflected to correspond with the three persons.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
movable; a chattel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being personal; personality.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per`son*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Personalities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>personnalit&eacute;</i>.  Cf. <u>Personality</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which constitutes distinction of person;
individuality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Personality</i> is individuality existing in itself,
but with a nature as a ground.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something said or written which refers to
the person, conduct, etc., of some individual, especially something of
a disparaging or offensive nature; personal remarks; as, indulgence in
<i>personalities</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sharp <i>personalities</i> were exchanged.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>That quality of a law which
concerns the condition, state, and capacity of persons.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Personalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Personalizing</u> (?).] <def>To make personal.</def>
"They <i>personalize</i> death."  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a personal manner; by bodily presence; in person; not by
representative or substitute; as, to deliver a letter
<i>personally</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He, being cited, <i>personally</i> came
not.</blockquote> <i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With respect to an individual; as regards
the person; individually; particularly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She bore a mortal hatred to the house of Lancaster, and
<i>personally</i> to the king.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>With respect to one's individuality; as
regards one's self; as, <i>personally</i> I have no feeling in the
matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being a person; personality.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Personal property, as
distinguished from realty or real property.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Personated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Personating</u> (?).] [L. <i>personare</i> to cry out,
LL., to extol. See <u>Person</u>.] <def>To celebrate loudly; to extol;
to praise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In fable, hymn, or song so <i>personating</i><BR>
Their gods ridiculous.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>personatus</i>
masked, assumed, fictitious, fr. <i>persona</i> a mask. See
<u>Person</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To assume the character of; to
represent by a fictitious appearance; to act the part of; hence, to
counterfeit; to feign; as, he tried to <i>personate</i> his brother; a
<i>personated</i> devotion.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set forth in an unreal character; to
disguise; to mask.</def> [R.] "A <i>personated</i> mate."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To personify; to typify; to describe.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play or
assume a character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>personatus</i> masked.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the throat of a
bilabiate corolla nearly closed by a projection of the base of the
lower lip; masked, as in the flower of the snapdragon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`son*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
personating, or conterfeiting the person or character of
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
personates.</def> "The <i>personators</i> of these actions."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`son*e"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Personality.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*son`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>personnification</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
personifying; impersonation; embodiment.</def>  <i>C. Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure of speech in which
an inanimate object or abstract idea is represented as animated, or
endowed with personality; prosopop&?;ia; as, the floods clap their
hands.</def> "Confusion heards his voice."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*son"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
personifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*son"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Personified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Personifying</u> (?).] [<i>Person</i> + <i>-fy</i>:
cf. F. <i>personnifier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To regard, treat,
or represent as a person; to represent as a rational being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The poets take the liberty of <i>personifying</i>
inanimate things.</blockquote> <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be the embodiment or personification of;
to impersonate; as, he <i>personifies</i> the law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"son*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
personify.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Milton has <i>personized</i> them.</blockquote> <i>J.
Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Per`son`nel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Personal</u>.] <def>The body of persons employed in some public
service, as the army, navy, etc.; -- distinguished from
<i>mat&eacute;riel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*spec"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perspicere</i>, <i>perspectum</i>, to look through; <i>per +
spicere</i>, <i>specere</i>, to look: cf. F. <i>perspectif</i>; or
from E. <i>perspective</i>, n. See <u>Spy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the science of vision;
optical.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the art, or in accordance
with the laws, of perspective.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Perspective plane</b></col>, <cd>the plane or surface on
which the objects are delineated, or the picture drawn; the plane of
projection; -- distinguished from the <i>ground plane</i>, which is
that on which the objects are represented as standing. When this plane
is oblique to the principal face of the object, the perspective is
called <i>oblique perspective</i>; when parallel to that face,
<i>parallel perspective</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Perspective
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any shell of the genus
<i>Solarium</i> and allied genera. See <u>Solarium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Per*spec"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>perspective</i>, fr. <i>perspectif</i>: cf. It. <i>perspettiva</i>.
See <u>Perspective</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A glass through which objects are viewed.</def> [Obs.] "Not a
<i>perspective</i>, but a mirror."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is seen through an opening; a
view; a vista.</def> "The <i>perspective</i> of life."
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The effect of distance upon the appearance
of objects, by means of which the eye recognized them as being at a
more or less measurable distance. Hence, <i>a&euml;rial
perspective</i>, the assumed greater vagueness or uncertainty of
outline in distant objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A&euml;rial <i>perspective</i> is the expression of
space by any means whatsoever, sharpness of edge, vividness of color,
etc.</blockquote> <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The art and the science of so delineating
objects that they shall seem to grow smaller as they recede from the
eye; -- called also <i>linear perspective</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A drawing in linear perspective.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Isometrical perspective</b></col>, <cd>an inaccurate term
for a mechanical way of representing objects in the direction of the
diagonal of a cube.</cd> -- <col><b>Perspective glass</b></col>, <cd>a
telescope which shows objects in the right position.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1071 !></p>

<p><hw>Per*spec"tive*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Optically; as through a glass.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You see them <i>perspectively</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to the rules of
perspective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*spec"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perspectus</i> (p. p. of <i>perspicere</i> to look through) + <i>-
graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for obtaining, and transferring to a
picture, the points and outlines of objects, so as to represent them
in their proper geometrical relations as viewed from some one
point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`spec*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
science or art of delineating objects according to the laws of
perspective; the theory of perspective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"spi*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perspicabilis</i>, fr. <i>perspicere</i>.] <def>Discernible.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`spi*ca"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perspicax</i>, <i>-acis</i>, fr. <i>perspicere</i> to look through:
cf. F. <i>perspicace</i>. See <u>Perspective</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the power of seeing clearly; quick-sighted; sharp of
sight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Of acute discernment; keen.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Per`spi*ca"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Per`spi*ca"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per`spi*cac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perspicacitas</i>: cf. F. <i>perspicacit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Perspicacious</u>.] <def>The state of being perspicacious;
acuteness of sight or of intelligence; acute discernment.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"spi*ca*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Perspicacity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*spi"cience</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perspicientia</i>, fr. <i>perspiciens</i>, p. p. of
<i>perspicere</i>. See <u>Perspective</u>.] <def>The act of looking
sharply.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"spi*cil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>perspicilla</i>, fr. L. <i>perspicere</i> to look through.] <def>An
optical glass; a telescope.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`spi*cu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perspicuitas</i>: cf. F. <i>perspicuit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being transparent or
translucent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being perspicuous to the
understanding; clearness of expression or thought.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sagacity; perspicacity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Clearness; perspicuousness; plainness; distinctness;
lucidity; transparency. See <u>Clearness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Per*spic"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perspicuus</i>, from <i>perspicere</i> to look through. See
<u>Perspective</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being through;
transparent; translucent; not opaque.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Clear to the understanding; capable of
being clearly understood; clear in thought or in expression; not
obscure or ambiguous; as, a <i>perspicuous</i> writer;
<i>perspicuous</i> statements.</def> "The purpose is
<i>perspicuous</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Per*spic"u*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Per*spic"u*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per*spir`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being perspirable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*spir"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perspirable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being
perspired.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Emitting perspiration; perspiring.</def>
[R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`spi*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>perspiration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
perspiring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is excreted through the skin;
sweat.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A man of average weight throws off through the skin during
24 hours about 18 ounces of water, 300 grains of solid matter, and 400
grains of carbonic acid gas. Ordinarily, this constant exhalation is
not apparent, and the excretion is then termed <i>insensible
perspiration</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Per*spir"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Performing
the act of perspiration; perspiratory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*spir"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or producing, perspiration; as, the <i>perspiratory</i>
ducts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*spire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Perspired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perspiring</u>.] [L. <i>perspirare</i> to breathe through; <i>per +
spirare</i>. See <u>Per-</u>, and <u>Spirit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To excrete matter through the skin; esp., to
excrete fluids through the pores of the skin; to sweat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be evacuated or excreted, or to exude,
through the pores of the skin; as, a fluid <i>perspires</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*spire"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To emit or
evacuate through the pores of the skin; to sweat; to excrete through
pores.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Firs . . . <i>perspire</i> a fine balsam of
turpentine.</blockquote> <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*strep"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perstrepere</i> to make a great noise.] <def>Noisy;
obstreperous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*stringe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perstringere</i>; <i>per + stringere</i> to bind up, to touch
upon.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To touch; to graze; to glance on.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To criticise; to touch upon.</def> [R.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*suad"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
persuaded.</def> -- <wf>Per*suad"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Per*suad"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per*suade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Persuaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Persuading</u>.] [L. <i>persuadere</i>, <i>persuasum</i>; <i>per +
suadere</i> to advise, persuade: cf. F. <i>persuader</i>. See <u>Per-
</u>, and <u>Suasion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To influence or
gain over by argument, advice, entreaty, expostulation, etc.; to draw
or incline to a determination by presenting sufficient
motives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Almost thou <i>persuadest</i> me to be a
Christian.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvi. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We will <i>persuade</i> him, be it
possible.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To try to influence.</def>
[Obsolescent]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hearken not unto Hezekiah, when he <i>persuadeth</i>
you.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings xviii. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To convince by argument, or by reasons
offered or suggested from reflection, etc.; to cause to
believe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beloved, we are <i>persuaded</i> better things of
you.</blockquote> <i>Heb. vi. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To inculcate by argument or expostulation;
to advise; to recommend.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To convince; induce; prevail on; win over; allure;
entice. See <u>Convince</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Per*suade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use
persuasion; to plead; to prevail by persuasion.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*suade"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Persuasion.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*suad"ed</hw>, <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Prevailed
upon; influenced by argument or entreaty; convinced.</def> --
<wf>Per*suad"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Per*suad"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per*suad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, persuades or influences.</def> "Powerful
<i>persuaders</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*sua`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being persuaded.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*sua"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>persuasibilis</i> persuasive, F. <i>persuasible</i> persuasible.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being persuaded;
persuadable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Persuasive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Per*sua"si*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Per*sua"si*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per*sua"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>persuasio</i>; Cf. F. <i>persuasion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of persuading; the act of influencing the mind by
arguments or reasons offered, or by anything that moves the mind or
passions, or inclines the will to a determination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For thou hast all the arts of fine
<i>persuasion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being persuaded or convinced;
settled opinion or conviction, which has been induced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the general <i>persuasion</i> of all men does so
account it.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My firm <i>persuasion</i> is, at least sometimes,<BR>
That Heaven will weigh man's virtues and his crimes<BR>
With nice attention.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A creed or belief; a sect or party adhering
to a certain creed or system of opinions; as, of the same
<i>persuasion</i>; all <i>persuasions</i> are agreed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of whatever state or <i>persuasion</i>, religious or
political.</blockquote> <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The power or quality of persuading;
persuasiveness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is 't possible that my deserts to you<BR>
Can lack <i>persuasion</i>?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which persuades; a persuasive.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Conviction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Per*sua"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>persuasif</i>.] <def>Tending to persuade; having the power of
persuading; as, <i>persuasive</i> eloquence.</def> "<i>Persuasive</i>
words."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*sua"sive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
persuades; an inducement; an incitement; an exhortation.</def> --
<wf>Per*sua"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Per*sua"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per*sua"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Persuasive.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*sul"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A sulphate of the peroxide of any base.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A sulphide containing more sulphur than some other compound of
the same elements; as, iron pyrites is a <i>persulphide</i>; --
formerly called <i>persulphuret</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*sul`pho*cy"a*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of persulphocyanic acid.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*sul`pho*cy*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a yellow
crystalline substance (called also <i>perthiocyanic acid</i>),
analogous to sulphocyanic acid, but containing more sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*sul`pho*cy*an"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An orange-yellow substance, produced by the action
of chlorine or boiling dilute nitric acid and sulphocyanate of
potassium; -- called also <i>pseudosulphocyanogen</i>,
<i>perthiocyanogen</i>, and formerly <i>sulphocyanogen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*sul"phu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A persulphide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pert</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [An aphetic form of OE. &
OF. <i>apert</i> open, known, true, free, or impudent. See
<u>Apert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Open; evident; apert.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lively; brisk; sprightly; smart.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Indecorously free, or presuming; saucy;
bold; impertinent.</def> "A very <i>pert</i> manner."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The squirrel, flippant, <i>pert</i>, and full of
play.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pert</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To behave with
pertness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*tain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pertained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pertaining</u>.] [OE. <i>partenen</i>, OF. <i>partenir</i>, fr. L.
<i>pertinere</i> to stretch out, reach, pertain; <i>per + tenere</i>
to hold, keep. See <u>Per-</u>, and <u>Tenable</u>, and cf.
<u>Appertain</u>, <u>Pertinent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
belong; to have connection with, or dependence on, something, as an
appurtenance, attribute, etc.; to appertain; as, saltness
<i>pertains</i> to the ocean; flowers <i>pertain</i> to plant
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men hate those who affect that honor by ambition which
<i>pertaineth</i> not to them.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have relation or reference to
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These words <i>pertain</i> unto us at this time as they
<i>pertained</i> to them at their time.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*ter`e*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perterebratus</i>, p. p. of <i>perterebrare</i> to bore through.]
<def>The act of boring through.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*thi`o*cy*an"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Persulphocyanogen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Perth"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>Perth</i>, in canada.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of feldspar
consisting of a laminated intertexture of albite and orthoclase,
usually of different colors.</def> -- <wf>Per*thit"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per`ti*na"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>pertinax</i>, <i>-acis</i>; <i>per + tenax</i> tenacious. See
<u>Per-</u>, and <u>Tenacious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Holding or
adhering to any opinion, purpose, or design, with obstinacy;
perversely persistent; obstinate; as, <i>pertinacious</i> plotters; a
<i>pertinacious</i> beggar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resolute; persevering; constant;
steady.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Diligence is a steady, constant, and
<i>pertinacious</i> study.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Obstinate; stubborn; inflexible; unyielding;
resolute; determined; firm; constant; steady.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Per`ti*na"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Per`ti*na"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per`ti*nac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pertinacit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
pertinacious; obstinacy; perseverance; persistency.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Obstinacy</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Per"ti*na*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pertinere</i> to pertain. See <u>Pertinence</u>.] <def>The quality
or state of being pertinent; pertinence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per"ti*na*cy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pertinacia</i>,
fr. <i>pertinax</i>. See <u>Pertinacious</u>.] <def>Pertinacity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"ti*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertinacious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per"ti*nate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Pertinaciously.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Per"ti*nence</hw> (?), <hw>Per"ti*nen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pertinence</i>. See <u>Pertinent</u>.]
<def>The quality or state of being pertinent; justness of relation to
the subject or matter in hand; fitness; appositeness; relevancy;
suitableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fitness and <i>pertinency</i> of the apostle's
discourse.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"ti*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pertinens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>pertinere</i>: cf. F.
<i>pertinent</i>. See <u>Pertain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging or related to the subject or matter in hand; fit or
appropriate in any way; adapted to the end proposed; apposite;
material; relevant; as, <i>pertinent</i> illustrations or arguments;
<i>pertinent</i> evidence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Regarding; concerning; belonging;
pertaining.</def> [R.] "<i>Pertinent</i> unto faith."
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Apposite; relevant; suitable; appropriate; fit.</p>

<p> -- <wf>Per"ti*nent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Per"ti*nent*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pert"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pert
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pert"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being pert.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*tran"sient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pertransiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>pertransire</i>.] <def>Passing
through or over.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*turb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perturbare</i>, <i>perturbatum</i>; <i>per + turbare</i> to
disturb, fr. <i>turba</i> a disorder: cf. OF. <i>perturber</i>. See
<u>Per-</u>, and <u>Turbid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To disturb;
to agitate; to vex; to trouble; to disquiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye that . . . <i>perturb</i> so my feast with
crying.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disorder; to confuse.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*turb`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being perturbable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*turb"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable to be
perturbed or agitated; liable to be disturbed or disquieted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*turb"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disturbance;
perturbation.</def> [R.] "<i>Perturbance</i> of the mind."
<i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"tur*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>perturbatus</i>, p. p.] <def>To perturb.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"tur*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Perturbed;
agitated.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per`tur*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perturbatio</i>: cf. F. <i>perturbation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of perturbing, or the state of being perturbed; esp.,
agitation of mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A disturbance in the
regular elliptic or other motion of a heavenly body, produced by some
force additional to that which causes its regular motion; as, the
<i>perturbations</i> of the planets are caused by their attraction on
each other.</def>  <i>Newcomb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`tur*ba"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to perturbation, esp. to the perturbations of the
planets.</def> "The <i>perturbational</i> theory."  <i>Sir J.
Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"tur*ba*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
cause perturbation; disturbing.</def>  <i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"tur*ba`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
perturber.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*turbed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Agitated;
disturbed; troubled.</def> <i>Shak.</i> -- <wf>Per*turb"ed*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Per*turb"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, perturbs, or cause perturbation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*tus"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pertuse</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pierced at the apex.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per*tuse"</hw> (?), <hw>Per*tused"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pertusus</i>, p. p. of <i>pertundere</i>
to beat or thrust through, to bore through; <i>per + tundere</i> to
beat: cf. F. <i>pertus</i>.  Cf. <u>Pierce</u>.] <def>Punched; pierced
with, or having, holes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*tu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pertusio</i>.] <def>The act of punching or piercing with a pointed
instrument; as, <i>pertusion</i> of a vein.</def> [R.]
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A punched hole; a perforation.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Per*tus"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>per</i> through, very + <i>tussis</i> cough.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The whooping cough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"uke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>perruque</i>, It.
<i>perrucca</i>, <i>parrucca</i>, fr. L. <i>pilus</i> hair.  Cf.
<u>Periwig</u>, <u>Wig</u>, <u>Peel</u> to strip off, <u>Plush</u>,
<u>Pile</u> a hair.] <def>A wig; a periwig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"uke</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dress with a
peruke.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Per"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Perul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., dim. of <i>pera</i> wallet,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;rule</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the scales of a leaf bud.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A pouchlike portion of the
perianth in certain orchides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Perula</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*rus"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Peruse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of carefully viewing or
examining.</def> [R.]  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of reading, especially of reading
through or with care.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ruse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Perused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perusing</u>.] [Pref. <i>per-</i> + <i>use</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To observe; to examine with care.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Myself I then <i>perused</i>, and limb by limb<BR>
Surveyed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To read through; to read carefully.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*rus"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
peruses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ru"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;ruvien</i>, Sp. <i>peruviano</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to Peru, in South America.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native
or an inhabitant of Peru.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Peruvian balsam</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Balsam of Peru</i>,
under <u>Balsam</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Peruvian bark</b></col>, <cd>the
bitter bark of trees of various species of Cinchona. It acts as a
powerful tonic, and is a remedy for malarial diseases. This property
is due to several alkaloids, as quinine, cinchonine, etc., and their
compounds; -- called also <i>Jesuit's bark</i>, and <i>cinchona</i>.
See <u>Cinchona</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Per*vade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pervaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pervading</u>.] [L. <i>pervadere</i>, <i>pervasum</i>; <i>per +
vadere</i> to go, to walk. See <u>Per-</u>, and <u>Wade</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass or flow through, as an aperture, pore,
or interstice; to permeate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That labyrinth is easily <i>pervaded</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass or spread through the whole extent
of; to be diffused throughout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A spirit of cabal, intrigue, and proselytism
<i>pervaded</i> all their thoughts, words, and actions.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*va"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pervasio</i>.
See <u>Pervade</u>.] <def>The act of pervading, passing, or spreading
through the whole extent of a thing.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*va"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
pervade, or having power to spread throughout; of a pervading
quality.</def> "Civilization <i>pervasive</i> and general."  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1072 !></p>

<p><hw>Per*verse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>perversus</i>
turned the wrong way, not right, p. p. of <i>pervertere</i>to turn
around, to overturn: cf. F. <i>pervers</i>. See <u>Pervert</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Turned aside; hence, specifically, turned away
from the right; willfully erring; wicked; perverted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The only righteous in a word
<i>perverse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obstinate in the wrong; stubborn;
intractable; hence, wayward; vexing; contrary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To so <i>perverse</i> a sex all grace is
vain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Froward; untoward; wayward; stubborn; ungovernable;
intractable; cross; petulant; vexatious.  -- <u>Perverse</u>,
<u>Froward</u>. One who is <i>froward</i> is capricious, and reluctant
to obey. One who is <i>perverse</i> has a settled obstinacy of will,
and likes or dislikes by the rule of contradiction to the will of
others.</p>

<p><hw>Per*versed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Turned
aside.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*vers"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Perversely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*verse"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a perverse
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*verse"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being perverse.</def> "Virtue hath some <i>perverseness</i>."
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perversio</i>: cf. F. <i>perversion</i>. See <u>Pervert</u>.]
<def>The act of perverting, or the state of being perverted; a turning
from truth or right; a diverting from the true intent or object; a
change to something worse; a turning or applying to a wrong end or
use.</def> "Violations and <i>perversions</i> of the laws."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*ver"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>perversitas</i>: cf. F. <i>perversit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality
or state of being perverse; perverseness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*ver"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos><def>Tending to
pervert.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Perverted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Perverting</u>.] [F. <i>pervertir</i>, L. <i>pervertere</i>,
<i>perversum</i>; <i>per + vertere</i> to turn. See <u>Per-</u>, and
<u>Verse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turnanother way; to
divert.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let's follow him, and <i>pervert</i> the present
wrath.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn from truth, rectitude, or
propriety; to divert from a right use, end, or way; to lead astray; to
corrupt; also, to misapply; to misinterpret designedly; as, to
<i>pervert</i> one's words.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He, in the serpent, had <i>perverted</i>
Eve.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*vert"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
perverted; to take the wrong course.</def> [R.]  <i>Testament of
Love.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"vert</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has been
perverted; one who has turned to error, especially in religion; --
opposed to <i>convert</i>. See the Synonym of
<u>Convert</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That notorious <i>pervert</i>, Henry of
Navarre.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*vert"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
perverts (a person or thing).</def> "His own parents his
<i>perverters</i>." <i>South.</i> "A <i>perverter</i> of his law."
<i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per*vert"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being perverted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*ves"ti*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pervestigatus</i>, p. p. of <i>pervestigare</i>.] <def>To
investigate thoroughly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*ves`ti*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pervestigatio</i>.] <def>Thorough investigation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chillingworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"vi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Pervious</u>.]
<def>Pervious.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Per"vi*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per`vi*ca"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pervicax</i>, <i>-acis</i>.] <def>Obstinate; willful;
refractory.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Per`vi*ca"cious*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Per`vi*ca"cious*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per`vi*cac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Obstinacy;
pervicaciousness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"vi*ca*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pervicacia</i>.] <def>Pervicacity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*vig`i*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pervigilatio</i>, fr. <i>pervigilare</i>.] <def>Careful
watching.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Per"vi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pervis</i>;
<i>per + via</i> a way. See <u>Per-</u>, and <u>Voyage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Admitting passage; capable of being penetrated
by another body or substance; permeable; as, a <i>pervious</i>
soil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Doors] . . . <i>pervious</i> to winds, and open every
way.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being penetrated, or seen
through, by physical or mental vision.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God, whose secrets are <i>pervious</i> to no
eye.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Capable of penetrating or pervading.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Open; -- used
synonymously with <i>perforate</i>, as applied to the nostrils or
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"vi*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being pervious; as, the <i>perviousness</i> of glass.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Per"vis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Parvis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pear tree. See
<u>Pirie</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pedes</b></plw> . [L., the foot.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
distal segment of the hind limb of vertebrates, including the tarsus
and foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*sade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Man.)</i>
<def>The motion of a horse when, raising his fore quarters, he keeps
his hind feet on the ground without advancing; rearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>peser</i> to
weigh.] <def>A fee, or toll, paid for the weighing of
merchandise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anc. Armor.)</i>
<def>See <u>Pusane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes"ant*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>pesant</i>
heavy.] <def>Made heavy or dull; debased.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Pesanted</i> to each lewd thought's control."  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*schit"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Peshito</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pese</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pea</u>.] <def>A
pea.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*se"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A Spanish
silver coin, and money of account, equal to about nineteen cents, and
divided into 100 centesimos.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pe*shit"o</hw> (?), <hw>Pe*shit"to</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Syriac <i>pesh&icirc;t&acirc;</i> simple.]
<def>The earliest Syriac version of the Old Testament, translated from
Hebrew; also, the incomplete Syriac version of the New
Testament.</def> [Written also <i>peschito</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pes"ky</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>Pestering; vexatious; troublesome. Used also as an
intensive.</def> [Colloq. &amp; Low, U.S.]  <i>Judd.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pe"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A Spanish
dollar; also, an Argentine, Chilian, Colombian, etc., coin, equal to
from 75 cents to a dollar; also, a pound weight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes"sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pessaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>pessarium</i>, <i>pessum</i>,
<i>pessus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>pessaire</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument or device to be introduced into
and worn in the vagina, to support the uterus, or remedy a
malposition.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A medicinal substance in
the form of a bolus or mass, designed for introduction into the
vagina; a vaginal suppository.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes"si*mism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pessimus</i>
worst, superl. of <i>pejor</i> worse: cf. F. <i>pessimisme</i>.  Cf.
<u>Impair</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The opinion
or doctrine that everything in nature is ordered for or tends to the
worst, or that the world is wholly evil; -- opposed to
<i>optimism</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disposition to take the least hopeful
view of things.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes"si*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pessimus</i>
worst: cf. F. <i>pessimiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i>
<def>One who advocates the doctrine of pessimism; -- opposed to
<i>optimist</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who looks on the dark side of
things.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pes"si*mist</hw> (?), <hw>Pes`si*mis"tic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
pessimism; characterized by pessimism; gloomy; foreboding.</def>
"Giving utterance to <i>pessimistic</i> doubt."  <i>Encyc.
Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pes`si*mis"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pessimistic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes"si*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hold or
advocate the doctrine of pessimism.</def>  <i>London Sat. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pes"su*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pessuli</b></plw> (#). [L., a bolt.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
delicate bar of cartilage connecting the dorsal and ventral
extremities of the first pair of bronchial cartilages in the syrinx of
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pestis</i>: cf. F.
<i>peste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fatal epidemic disease; a
pestilence; specif., the plague.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>England's sufferings by that scourge, the
<i>pest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which resembles a pest; one who,
or that which, is troublesome, noxious, mischievous, or destructive; a
nuisance.</def> "A <i>pest</i> and public enemy."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pes`ta*loz"zi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging
to, or characteristic of, a system of elementary education which
combined manual training with other instruction, advocated and
practiced by Jean Henri <i>Pestalozzi</i> (1746-1827), a Swiss
teacher.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate or follower of
the system of Pestalozzi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes`ta*loz"zi*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
system of education introduced by Pestalozzi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pestered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pestering</u>.] [Abbrev. fr. <i>impester</i>, fr. OF.
<i>empaistrier</i>, <i>empestrer</i>, to entangle the feet or legs, to
embarrass, F. <i>emp</i>&ecirc;<i>trer</i>; pref. <i>em-</i>, <i>en-
</i> (L. <i>in</i> in) + LL. <i>pastorium</i>, <i>pastoria</i>, a
fetter by which horses are prevented from wandering in the pastures,
fr. L. <i>pastorius</i> belonging to a herdsman or shepherd,
<i>pastor</i> a herdsman. See <u>In</u>, and <u>Pasture</u>,
<u>Pastor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To trouble; to disturb; to
annoy; to harass with petty vexations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are <i>pestered</i> with mice and rats.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A multitude of scribblers daily <i>pester</i> the
world.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To crowd together in an annoying way; to
overcrowd; to infest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All rivers and pools . . . <i>pestered</i> full with
fishes.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pes"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who pesters
or harasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes"ter*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
pestering, or the state of being pestered; vexation; worry.</def> "The
trouble and <i>pesterment</i> of children."  <i>B. Franklin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pes"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos><def>Inclined to
pester. Also, vexatious; encumbering; burdensome.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pest"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pestiferous.</def>
"After long and <i>pestful</i> calms."  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pest`house"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house or
hospital for persons who are infected with any pestilential
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes"ti*duct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pestis</i>
pest + <i>ductus</i> a leading, fr. <i>ducere</i> to lead.] <def>That
which conveys contagion or infection.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pes*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pestiferus</i>, <i>pestifer</i>; <i>pestis</i> pest + <i>ferre</i>
to bear: cf. F. <i>pestif&egrave;re</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pest-bearing; pestilential; noxious to health; malignant;
infectious; contagious; as, <i>pestiferous</i> bodies.</def> "Poor,
<i>pestiferous</i> creatures begging alms." <i>Evelyn.</i>
"Unwholesome and <i>pestiferous</i> occupations." <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Noxious to peace, to morals, or to society;
vicious; hurtful; destructive; as, a <i>pestiferous</i>
demagogue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pestiferous</i> reports of men very nobly
held.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pes*tif"er*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
pestiferuos manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes"ti*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pestilence</i>, L. <i>pestilentia</i>. See <u>Pestilent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the disease known as the plague;
hence, any contagious or infectious epidemic disease that is virulent
and devastating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pestilence</i> That walketh in
darkness.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xci. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which is pestilent, noxious, or
pernicious to the moral character of great numbers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll pour this <i>pestilence</i> into his
ear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pestilence weed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the butterbur
coltsfoot (<i>Petasites vulgaris</i>), so called because formerly
considered a remedy for the plague.</cd>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pes"ti*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pestilens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, fr. <i>pestis</i> pest: cf. F.
<i>pestilent</i>.] <def>Pestilential; noxious; pernicious;
mischievous.</def> "Corrupt and <i>pestilent</i>." <i>Milton.</i>
"What a <i>pestilent</i> knave is this same!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pes`ti*len"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pestilentiel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the nature or
qualities of a pestilence.</def> "Sends the <i>pestilential</i>
vapors."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Mischievous; noxious; pernicious;
morally destructive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>pestilential</i>, so infectious a thing is
sin.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pes`ti*len"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Pestilently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes`ti*len"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pestilential.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pes"ti*lent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
pestilent manner; mischievously; destructively.</def> "Above all
measure <i>pestilently</i> noisome."  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pes"ti*lent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being pestilent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes`til*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>pestillum</i>, L. <i>pistillum</i>. See <u>Pestle</u>.] <def>The
act of pounding and bruising with a pestle in a mortar.</def>  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pes"tle</hw> (p&ebreve;s"'l; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>pestel</i>, OF. <i>pestel</i>, LL. <i>pestellum</i>, L.
<i>pistillum</i>, <i>pistillus</i>, a pounder, pestle, fr.
<i>pisere</i>, <i>pinsere</i>, to pound, crush, akin to Gr. &?;, Skr.
<i>pish</i>.  Cf. <u>Pistil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An implement
for pounding and breaking or braying substances in a mortar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A constable's or bailiff's staff; -- so
called from its shape.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The leg and leg bone of an animal,
especially of a pig; as, a <i>pestle</i> of pork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pes"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pestled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pestling</u> (?).] <def>To pound, pulverize, bray, or mix with a
pestle, or as with a pestle; to use a pestle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly <i>peat</i>,
perhaps from Ir. <i>peat</i>, akin to Gael. <i>peata</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cade lamb; a lamb brought up by
hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any person or animal especially cherished
and indulged; a fondling; a darling; often, a favorite
child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The love of cronies, <i>pets</i>, and
favorites.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Prob. fr. <u>Pet</u> a fondling, hence, the
behavior or humor of a spoiled child.] <def>A slight fit of
peevishness or fretfulness.</def> "In a <i>pet</i> she started up."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Petted; indulged; admired;
cherished; as, a <i>pet</i> child; a <i>pet</i> lamb; a <i>pet</i>
theory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some young lady's <i>pet</i> curate.</blockquote> <i>F.
Harrison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pet cock</b></col>. [Perh. for <i>petty cock</i>.]
<i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>A little faucet in a water pipe or pump, to let air
out, or at the end of a steam cylinder, to drain it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Petted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Petting</u>.] <def>To treat as a pet; to fondle; to indulge; as,
she was <i>petted</i> and spoiled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be a pet.</def>
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a leaf, a leaf
or plate of metal, fr. &?; outspread, broad, flat: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;tale</i>. See <u>Fathom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the leaves of the corolla, or the colored
leaves of a flower. See <u>Corolla</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Flower</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the expanded
ambulacra which form a rosette on the black of certain
Echini.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"aled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having petals; as, a <i>petaled</i> flower; -- opposed to
<i>apetalous</i>, and much used in compounds; as, one-<i>petaled</i>,
three-<i>petaled</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet`al*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Petal</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tal"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the form of a petal; petaloid; petal-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"al*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;talin</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a petal;
attached to, or resembling, a petal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a
leaf: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;talisme</i>.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A form
of sentence among the ancient Syracusans by which they banished for
five years a citizen suspected of having dangerous influence or
ambition. It was similar to the <i>ostracism</i> in Athens; but olive
leaves were used instead of shells for ballots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"al*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;talite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A rare mineral, occurring
crystallized and in cleavable masses, usually white, or nearly so, in
color. It is a silicate of aluminia and lithia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tal"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Petal</i> + Gr.
&?; form.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The metamorphosis of various floral
organs, usually stamens, into petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"al*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Petal</i> + <i>-
oid</i>: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;talo&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Petaline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet`al*oid"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the whole or part of the perianth petaline.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Petaloideous division</b></col>, <cd>that division of
endogenous plants in which the perianth is wholly or partly petaline,
embracing the <i>Liliace&aelig;</i>, <i>Orchidace&aelig;</i>,
<i>Amaryllide&aelig;</i>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pet`a*los"ti*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?; a leaf + &?; a row.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
Echini, including the irregular sea urchins, as the spatangoids. See
<u>Spatangoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having petals;
petaled; -- opposed to <i>apetalous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pet"a*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Petala</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <def>A petal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Petard</u>.</def> [Obs.] "Hoist with his own <i>petar</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;tard</i>, fr. <i>p&eacute;ter</i> to break wind, to crack,
to explode, L. <i>pedere</i>, <i>peditum</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
case containing powder to be exploded, esp. a conical or cylindrical
case of metal filled with powder and attached to a plank, to be
exploded against and break down gates, barricades, drawbridges, etc.
It has been superseded.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pet`ar*deer"</hw>, <hw>Pet`ar*dier"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>p&eacute;tardier</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>One who managed a petard.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pet"a*sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Gr. &amp; Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>The winged cap of Mercury; also, a
broad-brimmed, low-crowned hat worn by Greeks and Romans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tau"rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>petaurista</i> a ropedancer, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to dance on a rope,
fr. &?; a pole, a stage for ropedancers: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;tauriste</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any flying
marsupial of the genera <i>Petaurus</i>, <i>Phalangista</i>,
<i>Acrobata</i>, and allied genera. See <i>Flying mouse</i>, under
<u>Flying</u>, and <u>Phalangister</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*tech"i*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Petechia</b></singw> (&?;). [NL., fr. LL. <i>peteccia</i>;
cf. F. <i>p&eacute;t&eacute;chie</i>, It. <i>petecchia</i>, Sp.
<i>petequia</i>, Gr. &?; a label, plaster.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Small
crimson, purple, or livid spots, like flea-bites, due to extravasation
of blood, which appear on the skin in malignant fevers, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tech"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;t&eacute;chial</i>, LL. <i>petecchialis</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Characterized by, or pertaining to, petechi&aelig;;
spotted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Petechial fever</b></col>, <cd>a malignant fever,
accompanied with livid spots on the skin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pe"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A common baptismal
name for a man. The name of one of the apostles,</def></p>

<p><col><b>Peter boat</b></col>, <cd>a fishing boat, sharp at both
ends, originally of the Baltic Sea, but now common in certain English
rivers.</cd> -- <col><b>Peter Funk</b></col>, <cd>the auctioneer in a
mock auction.</cd> [Cant, U.S.] -- <col><b>Peter pence</b></col>, or
<col><b>Peter's pence</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An annual tax
or tribute, formerly paid by the English people to the pope, being a
penny for every house, payable on Lammas or St.Peter's day; -- called
also <i>Rome scot</i>, and <i>hearth money</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In modern times, a voluntary contribution made
by Roman Catholics to the private purse of the pope.</cd> --
<col><b>Peter's fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a haddock; --
so called because the black spots, one on each side, behind the gills,
are traditionally said to have been caused by the fingers of St.
Peter, when he caught the fish to pay the tribute. The name is
applied, also, to other fishes having similar spots.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1073 !></p>

<p><hw>Pet"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Petered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Petering</u>.] [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>To become exhausted; to
run out; to fail; -- used generally with <i>out</i>; as, that mine has
<i>petered</i> out.</def> [Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pet"er*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Petrel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet`e*re"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>See <u>Pederero</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"ter*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Petermen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A fisherman; -- so called after
the apostle Peter.</def> [An obs. local term in Eng.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe"ter*sham</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Lord
<i>Petersham</i>.] <def>A rough, knotted woolen cloth, used chiefly
for men's overcoats; also, a coat of that material.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"ter*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <i>Saint Peter's-wort</i>, under <u>Saint</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pet"i*o*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Pet"i*o*la*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>p&eacute;tiolarie</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to petiole, or proceeding from it; as, a
<i>petiolar</i> tendril; growing or supported upon a petiole; as, a
<i>petiolar</i> gland; a <i>petiolar</i> bud.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pet"i*o*late</hw> (?), <hw>Pet"i*o*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a stalk or
petiole; as, a <i>petioleate</i> leaf; the <i>petiolated</i> abdomen
of certain Hymenoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"i*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;tiole</i>, fr. L. <i>petiolus</i> a little foot, a fruit
stalk; cf. <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a foot.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leafstalk; the footstalk of a leaf, connecting
the blade with the stem. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Leaf</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A stalk or
peduncle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"i*oled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Petiolate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet`i*ol"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Supported by its own petiolule.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet"i*o*lule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;tiolule</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small petiole, or the
petiole of a leaflet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Petty</u>.]
<def>Small; little; insignificant; mean; -- Same as
<u>Petty</u>.</def> [Obs., except in legal language.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By what small, <i>petit</i> hints does the mind catch
hold of and recover a vanishing notion.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Petit constable</b></col>, <cd>an inferior civil officer,
subordinate to the high constable.</cd> -- <col><b>Petit
jury</b></col>, <cd>a jury of twelve men, impaneled to try causes at
the bar of a court; -- so called in distinction from the <i>grand
jury</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Petit larceny</b></col>, <cd>the stealing of
goods of, or under, a certain specified small value; -- opposed to
<i>grand larceny</i>. The distinction is abolished in England.</cd> --
<col><b>Petit ma&icirc;tre</b></col> (&?;). [F., lit., little master.]
<cd>A fop; a coxcomb; a ladies' man.</cd> <i>Goldsmith.</i> --
<col><b>Petit serjeanty</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the tenure of
lands of the crown, by the service of rendering annually some
implement of war, as a bow, an arrow, a sword, a flag, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Petit treason</b></col>, <cd>formerly, in England, the crime
of killing a person to whom the offender owed duty or subjection, as
one's husband, master, mistress, etc. The crime is now not
distinguished from murder.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;tition</i>, L. <i>petitio</i>, fr. <i>petere</i>,
<i>petitum</i>, to beg, ask, seek; perh. akin to E. <i>feather</i>, or
<i>find</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prayer; a supplication; an
imploration; an entreaty; especially, a request of a solemn or formal
kind; a prayer to the Supreme Being, or to a person of superior power,
rank, or authority; also, a single clause in such a prayer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A house of prayer and <i>petition</i> for thy
people.</blockquote> <i>1 Macc. vii. 37.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This last <i>petition</i> heard of all her
prayer.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A formal written request addressed to an
official person, or to an organized body, having power to grant it;
specifically <i>(Law)</i>, a supplication to government, in either of
its branches, for the granting of a particular grace or right; -- in
distinction from a <i>memorial</i>, which calls certain facts to mind;
also, the written document.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Petition of right</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a petition to
obtain possession or restitution of property, either real or personal,
from the Crown, which suggests such a title as controverts the title
of the Crown, grounded on facts disclosed in the petition itself.</cd>
<i>Mozley &amp; W.</i> -- <col><b>The Petition of Right</b></col> <i>(Eng.
Hist.)</i>, <cd>the parliamentary declaration of the rights of the
people, assented to by Charles I.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ti"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Petitioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Petitioning</u>.] <def>To make a prayer or request to; to ask from;
to solicit; to entreat; especially, to make a formal written
supplication, or application to, as to any branch of the government;
as, to <i>petition</i> the court; to <i>petition</i> the
governor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have . . . <i>petitioned</i> all the gods for my
prosperity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ti"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
petition or solicitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ti"tion*a*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way
of begging the question; by an assumption.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ti"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Supplicatory; making a petition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pardon Rome, and any <i>petitionary</i>
countrymen.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing a petition; of the nature of a
petition; as, a <i>petitionary</i> epistle.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ti`tion*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
cited to answer, or defend against, a petition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ti"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
presents a petition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*ti"tion*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
presenting apetition; a supplication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>petere</i>
to seek.] <def>One who seeks or asks; a seeker; an applicant.</def>
[R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>petitorius</i>, fr. <i>petere</i>, <i>petitum</i>, to beg, ask: cf.
F. <i>p&eacute;titore</i>.] <def>Petitioning; soliciting;
supplicating.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Petitory suit</b></col> or <col><b>action</b></col>
<i>(Admiralty Law)</i>, <cd>a suit in which the mere title to property
is litigated and sought to be enforced, as distinguished from a
<i>possessory</i> suit; also <i>(Scots Law)</i>, a suit wherein the
plaintiff claims something as due him by the defendant.</cd>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tong"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>See <u>Packfong</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tral"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Petrology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ra*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>petra</i>
stone.  Cf. Sp. <i>petraria</i>, and E. <u>Pederero</u>.] <def>An
ancient war engine for hurling stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"tre</hw> (p&emacr;"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Saltpeter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tre"an</hw> (p&esl;*tr&emacr;"<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>petraeus</i>, Gr. <grk>petrai^os</grk>,
fr. <grk>pe`tra</grk> a rock.] <def>Of or pertaining to rock.</def>
<i>G. S. Faber.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe"trel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&eacute;trel</i>; a dim. of the name <i>Peter</i>, L.
<i>Petrus</i>, Gr. &?; a stone (<i>John i. 42</i>); -- probably so
called in allusion to St. <i>Peter's</i> walking on the sea. See
<u>Petrify</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of longwinged sea birds belonging to the family
<i>Procellarid&aelig;</i>. The small petrels, or Mother Carey's
chickens, belong to <i>Oceanites</i>, <i>Oceanodroma</i>,
<i>Procellaria</i>, and several allied genera.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Diving petrel</b></col>, <cd>any bird of the genus
<i>Pelecanoides</i>. They chiefly inhabit the southern
hemisphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Fulmar petrel</b></col>, <col><b>Giant
petrel</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Fulmar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pintado
petrel</b></col>, <cd>the Cape pigeon. See under <u>Cape</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pintado petrel</b></col>, <cd>any one of several small
petrels, especially <i>Procellaria pelagica</i>, or Mother Carey's
chicken, common on both sides of the Atlantic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tres"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process
of changing into stone; petrification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tres"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>petra</i>
rock, stone, Gr. &?;.] <def>Petrifying; converting into stone; as,
<i>petrescent</i> water.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet`ri*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Petrify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The process of petrifying, or
changing into stone; conversion of any organic matter (animal or
vegetable) into stone, or a substance of stony hardness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or condition of being
petrified.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is petrified; popularly, a body
incrusted with stony matter; an incrustation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Hardness; callousness;
obduracy.</def> "<i>Petrifaction</i> of the soul."
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet`ri*fac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality of converting organic
matter into stone; petrifying.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or characterized by,
petrifaction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . <i>petrifactive</i> mutations of hard
bodies.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*trif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;trifique</i>.] <def>Petrifying; petrifactive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death with his mace <i>petrific</i>, cold and
dry.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ri*fi*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
petrify.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our hearts <i>petrificated</i> were.</blockquote> <i>J.
Hall (1646).</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;trification</i>. See <u>Petrify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Petrifaction</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Obduracy; callousness.</def>
<i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Petrified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Petrifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>petra</i> rock, Gr. &?; (akin to &?; a
stone) + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;trifier</i>.  Cf.
<u>Parrot</u>, <u>Petrel</u>, <u>Pier</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
convert, as any animal or vegetable matter, into stone or stony
substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A river that <i>petrifies</i> any sort of wood or
leaves.</blockquote> <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make callous or obdurate; to stupefy; to
paralyze; to transform; as by petrifaction; as, to <i>petrify</i> the
heart. <i>Young</i>.</def> "<i>Petrifying</i> accuracy."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>petrify</i> a genius to a dunce.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The poor, <i>petrified</i> journeyman, quite
unconscious of what he was doing.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A hideous fatalism, which ought, logically, to
<i>petrify</i> your volition.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ri*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become stone, or of a stony hardness, as organic matter by
calcareous deposits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To become stony, callous, or
obdurate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like Niobe we marble grow,<BR>
And <i>petrify</i> with grief.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe"trine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to St.Peter; as, the <i>Petrine</i> Epistles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ro-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr. &?; a
<i>rock</i>, &?; a <i>stone</i>; as, <i>petro</i>logy,
<i>petro</i>glyphic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*trog"a*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
rock + &?; a weasel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any Australian kangaroo
of the genus <i>Petrogale</i>, as the rock wallaby (<i>P.
penicillata</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet`ro*glyph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to petroglyphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*trog"ly*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Petro</i> +
Gr. &?; to carve.] <def>The art or operation of carving figures or
inscriptions on rock or stone.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pet`ro*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pet`ro*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to petrography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*trog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Petro</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of writing on
stone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The scientific description of rocks; that
department of science which investigates the constitution of rocks;
petrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet`ro*hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Petro</i> +
<i>hyoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to petrous, oe periotic,
portion of the skull and the hyoid arch; as, the <i>petrohyoid</i>
muscles of the frog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*trol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Petroleum.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pet`ro*la"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem. &
Pharm.)</i> <def>A semisolid unctuous substance, neutral, and without
taste or odor, derived from petroleum by distilling off the lighter
portions and purifying the residue. It is a yellowish, fatlike mass,
transparent in thin layers, and somewhat fluorescent. It is used as a
bland protective dressing, and as a substitute for fatty materials in
ointments.</def>  <i>U. S. Pharm.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Petrolatum</i> is the official name for the purified
product. <i>Cosmoline</i> and <i>vaseline</i> are commercial names for
substances essentially the same, but differing slightly in appearance
and consistency or fusibility.</p>

<p><hw>Pe*tro"le*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>petra</i> a rock + <i>oleum</i> oil: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;trole</i>.
Cf. <u>Petrify</u>, and <u>Oil</u>.] <def>Rock oil, mineral oil, or
natural oil, a dark brown or greenish inflammable liquid, which, at
certain points, exists in the upper strata of the earth, from whence
it is pumped, or forced by pressure of the gas attending it. It
consists of a complex mixture of various hydrocarbons, largely of the
methane series, but may vary much in appearance, composition, and
properties. It is refined by distillation, and the products include
kerosene, benzine, gasoline, paraffin, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Petroleum spirit</b></col>, <cd>a volatile liquid obtained
in the distillation of crude petroleum at a temperature of 170&deg;
Fahr., or below. The term is rather loosely applied to a considerable
range of products, including benzine and ligroin. The terms
<i>petroleum ether</i>, and <i>naphtha</i>, are sometimes applied to
the still more volatile products, including rhigolene, gasoline,
cymogene, etc.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>||P&eacute;`tro`leur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. m.</i></pos>
<hw>||P&eacute;`tro`leuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. f.</i></pos> }[F.]
<def>One who makes use of petroleum for incendiary purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ro*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A paraffin obtained from petroleum from Rangoon in India, and
practically identical with ordinary paraffin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pet`ro*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pet`ro*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to petrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet`ro*log"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According
to petrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*trol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in petrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*trol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Petro</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The department of science which
is concerned with the mineralogical and chemical composition of rocks,
and with their classification: lithology.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on petrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet`ro*mas"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Petro</i> +
<i>mastoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the petrous
and mastoid parts of the temporal bone, periotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet`ro*my"zont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Petro</i> +
Gr. &?; to suck in.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lamprey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet`ro*nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>petrinal</i>,
fr. <i>peitrine</i>, <i>petrine</i>, the breast, F. <i>poitrine</i>;
so called because it was placed against the breast in order to fire.
See <u>Poitrel</u>.] <def>A sort of hand cannon, or portable firearm,
used in France in the 15th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tro"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Petrous</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Hard; stony; petrous; as, the
<i>petrosal</i> bone; <i>petrosal</i> part of the temporal bone.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the
petrous, or petrosal, bone, or the corresponding part of the temporal
bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Petrosal bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone
corresponding to the petrous portion of the temporal bone of man; or
one forming more or less of the periotic capsule.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tro"sal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A petrosal bone.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The auditory capsule.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet`ro*si"lex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Petro</i> +
<i>silex</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Felsite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet`ro*si*li"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing, or consisting of, petrosilex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet`ro*ste"a*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Petro</i>
+ <i>stearine</i>.] <def>A solid unctuous material, of which candles
are made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>petrosus</i>,
fr. <i>petra</i> a stone.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like stone; hard;
stony; rocky; as, the <i>petrous</i> part of the temporal bone.</def>
<i>Hooper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Petrosal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ti*chaps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Pettychaps</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ti*coat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
[<i>Petty</i> + <i>coat</i>.] <def>A loose under-garment worn by
women, and covering the body below the waist.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Petticoat government</b></col>, <cd>government by women,
whether in politics or domestic affairs.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>Petticoat pipe</b></col> <i>(Locomotives)</i>, <cd>a short,
flaring pipe surrounding the blast nozzle in the smoke box, to
equalize the draft.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ti*fog</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pettifogged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pettifogging</u> (?).] [<i>Petty</i> + <i>fog</i> to pettifog.]
<def>To do a petty business as a lawyer; also, to do law business in a
petty or tricky way.</def> "He takes no money, but <i>pettifogs</i>
gratis."  <i>S. Butler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ti*fog</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To advocate like
a pettifogger; to argue trickily; as, to <i>pettifog</i> a
claim.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Pet"ti*fog`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lawyer who
deals in petty cases; an attorney whose methods are mean and tricky;
an inferior lawyer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>pettifogger</i> was lord chancellor.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ti*fog`ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> -
<plw><b>ies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The practice or arts of a
pettifogger; disreputable tricks; quibbles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quirks of law, and <i>pettifoggeries</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ti*fog`ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Paltry;
quibbling; mean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ti*fog`ging</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pettifoggery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet`ti*fog"u*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act
as a pettifogger; to use contemptible tricks.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ti*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a petty manner;
frivolously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being petty or paltry; littleness; meanness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Pet</u>.]
<def>Fretful; peevish; moody; capricious; inclined to ill
temper.</def> "A <i>pettish</i> kind of humor." <i>Sterne.</i> --
<wf>Pet"tish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pet"tish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ti*toes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [<i>Petty</i> +
<i>toes</i>.] <def>The toes or feet of a pig, -- often used as food;
sometimes, in contempt, the human feet.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pet"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>pectus</i>.] <def>The breast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In petto</b></col>, <cd>in the breast; hence, in secrecy;
in reserve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Pettier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Pettiest</u>.] [OE. <i>petit</i>, F.
<i>petit</i>; probably of Celtic origin, and akin to E. <i>piece</i>.
Cf. <u>Petit</u>.] <def>Little; trifling; inconsiderable; also,
inferior; subordinate; as, a <i>petty</i> fault; a <i>petty</i>
prince.</def>  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a <i>petty</i> god<BR>
I walked about, admired of all.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Petty averages</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Average</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Petty cash</b></col>, <cd>money
expended or received in small items or amounts.</cd> -- <col><b>Petty
officer</b></col>, <cd>a subofficer in the navy, as a gunner, etc.,
corresponding to a noncommissionned officer in the army.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; For <i>petty constable</i>, <i>petty jury</i>, <i>petty
larceny</i>, <i>petty treason</i>, See <u>Petit</u>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Little; diminutive; inconsiderable; inferior;
trifling; trivial; unimportant; frivolous.</p>

<p><! p. 1074 !></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ty*chaps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of small European singing birds of the
subfamily <i>Sylviin&aelig;</i>, as the willow warbler, the chiff-
chaff, and the golden warbler (<i>Sylvia hortensis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"ty*whin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Petty</i> +
<i>whin</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The needle furze. See under
<u>Needle</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pet"u*lance</hw> (?), <hw>Pet"u*lan*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>petulania</i>: cf. F.
<i>p&eacute;tulance</i>. See <u>Petulant</u>.] <def>The quality or
state of being petulant; temporary peevishness; pettishness;
capricious ill humor.</def> "The <i>petulancy</i> of our words."
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like pride in some, and like <i>petulance</i> in
others.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lowering eye, the <i>petulance</i>, the
frown.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Petulance</u>, <u>Peevishness</u>. --
<i>Peevishness</i> implies the permanence of a sour, fretful temper;
<i>petulance</i> implies temporary or capricious irritation.</p>

<p><hw>Pet"u*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>petulans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, prop., making slight attacks upon, from a lost dim. of
<i>petere</i> to fall upon, to attack: cf. F. <i>p&eacute;tulant</i>.
See <u>Petition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Forward; pert; insolent;
wanton.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capriciously fretful; characterized by ill-
natured freakishness; irritable.</def> "<i>Petulant</i> moods."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Irritable; ill-humored; peevish; cross; fretful;
querulous.</p>

<p><hw>Pet"u*lant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a petulant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tul"ci*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Petulcous</u>.] <def>Wantonness; friskiness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tul"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>petulcus</i>.
Cf. <u>Petulant</u>.] <def>Wanton; frisky; lustful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>J. V. Cane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tu"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Braz.
<i>petun</i> tobacco.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of solanaceous herbs
with funnelform or salver-shaped corollas. Two species are common in
cultivation, <i>Petunia violacera</i>, with reddish purple flowers,
and <i>P. nyctaginiflora</i>, with white flowers. There are also many
hybrid forms with variegated corollas.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pe*tunse"</hw>, <hw>Pe*tuntse"</hw>, <hw>Pe*tuntze"</hw>  }
(?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Chinese.] <def>Powdered fledspar,
kaolin, or quartz, used in the manufacture of porcelain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pet"worth mar"ble</hw> (?). <def>A kind of shell marble
occurring in the Wealden clay at Petworth, in Sussex, England; --
called also <i>Sussex marble</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Petz"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Petz</i>, who
analyzed it.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A telluride of silver and gold,
related to hessite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peu*ced"a*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A tasteless white crystalline substance, extracted from the roots
of the sulphurwort (<i>Peucedanum</i>), masterwort
(<i>Imperatoria</i>), and other related plants; -- called also
<i>imperatorin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peu"cil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; pine tree.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid resembling camphene, obtained by treating
turpentine hydrochloride with lime.</def> [Written also
<i>peucyl</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pewe</i>, OF.
<i>puie</i> parapet, balustrade, balcony, fr. L. <i>podium</i> an
elevated place, a jutty, balcony, a parapet or balcony in the circus,
where the emperor and other distinguished persons sat, Gr. &?;, dim.
of &?;, &?;, foot; -- hence the Latin sense of a raised place (orig.
as a rest or support for the foot). See <u>Foot</u>, and cf.
<u>Podium</u>, <u>Poy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the
compartments in a church which are separated by low partitions, and
have long seats upon which several persons may sit; -- sometimes
called <i>slip</i>. Pews were originally made square, but are now
usually long and narrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any structure shaped like a church pew, as
a stall, formerly used by money lenders, etc.; a box in theater; a
pen; a sheepfold.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Pepys. Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pew opener</b></col>, <cd>an usher in a church.</cd> [Eng.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with
pews.</def> [R.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe"wee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
note.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A common American
tyrant flycatcher (<i>Sayornis ph&oelig;be</i>, or <i>S. fuscus</i>).
Called also <i>pewit</i>, and <i>ph&oelig;be</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The woodcock.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Wood pewee</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bird
(<i>Contopus virens</i>) similar to the pewee (See <u>Pewee</u>, 1),
but of smaller size.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pe"wet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Pewit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pew"fel`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who occupies the same pew with another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An intimate associate; a companion.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pe"wit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. of imitative
origin; cf. OD. <i>piewit</i>, D. <i>kievit</i>, G. <i>kibitz</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The lapwing.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The European black-headed, or laughing, gull
(<i>Xema ridibundus</i>). See under <u>Laughing</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The pewee.</def> [Written also <i>peevit</i>,
<i>peewit</i>, <i>pewet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pew"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pewtyr</i>, OF.
<i>peutre</i>, <i>peautre</i>, <i>piautre</i>: cf. D. <i>peauter</i>,
<i>piauter</i>, It. <i>peltro</i>, Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>peltre</i>, LL.
<i>peutreum</i>, <i>pestrum</i>.  Cf. <u>Spelter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hard, tough, but easily fusible, alloy,
originally consisting of tin with a little lead, but afterwards
modified by the addition of copper, antimony, or bismuth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Utensils or vessels made of pewter, as
dishes, porringers, drinking vessels, tankards, pots.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Pewter</i> was formerly much used for domestic utensils.
Inferior sorts contain a large proportion of lead.</p>

<p><hw>Pew"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to make utensils of pewter; a pewtersmith.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pew"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to, or
resembling, pewter; as, a <i>pewtery</i> taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pex"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pexitas</i>, fr.
<i>pexus</i> woolly, nappy, p. p. of <i>pectere</i> to comb.] <def>Nap
of cloth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pey"er's glands`</hw> (?). [So called from J. K. <i>Peyer</i>,
who described them in 1677.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Patches of lymphoid
nodules, in the walls of the small intestiness; agminated glands; --
called also <i>Peyer's patches</i>. In typhoid fever they become the
seat of ulcers which are regarded as the characteristic organic lesion
of that disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pey"trel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>peitral</i>.
See <u>Poitrel</u>.] <i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>The breastplate of a
horse's armor or harness. [Spelt also <i>peitrel</i>.] See
<u>Poitrel</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*zi"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., corrupt. from
L. <i>pezica</i> a sessile mushroom, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, &?;, a
foot.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of fungi embracing a great number of
species, some of which are remarkable for their regular cuplike form
and deep colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pez"i*zoid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Peziza</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling a fungus of the genus Peziza;
having a cuplike form.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pfen"nig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pfennigs</b></plw> (#), G. <plw><b>Pfennige</b></plw> (#). [G.
See <u>Penny</u>.] <def>A small copper coin of Germany. It is the
hundredth part of a mark, or about a quarter of a cent in United
States currency.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pha*cel"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phacelli</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a bundle of fagots.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the filaments on the inner surface of
the gastric cavity of certain jellyfishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phac"o*chere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a lentil
seed, a wart + &?; a pig.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wart
hog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a lentil +
<i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling a lentil; lenticular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phac"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; lentil +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A colorless variety of chabazite;
the original was from Leipa, in Bohemia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pha"cops</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
lentil + &?;, &?;, the eye.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of
trilobites found in the Silurian and Devonian formations. <i>Phacops
bufo</i> is one of the most common species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ph&aelig;*a"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Ph&aelig;acians, a fabulous seafaring people fond of
the feast, the lyre, and the dance, mentioned by Homer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ph&aelig;"no*gam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the class Ph&aelig;nogamia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ph&aelig;`no*ga"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. &?; to show + &?; marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The class of
flowering plants including all which have true flowers with distinct
floral organs; phanerogamia.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ph&aelig;`no*ga"mi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Ph&aelig;`no*gam"ic</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ph&aelig;nogamous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ph&aelig;*nog"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having true flowers with with distinct floral
organs; flowering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ph&aelig;*nom"e*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>See <u>Phenomenon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ph&aelig;"o*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dusky
+ E. <i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A brownish zo&ouml;spore,
characteristic of an order (<i>Ph&aelig;ospore&aelig;</i>) of dark
green or olive-colored alg&aelig;.</def> --
<wf>Ph&aelig;`o*spor"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pha"&euml;*thon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
Pha&euml;thon (in sense 1), fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, &?;, to shine. See
<u>Phantom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The son
of Helios (Ph&oelig;bus), that is, the son of light, or of the sun. He
is fabled to have obtained permission to drive the chariot of the sun,
in doing which his want of skill would have set the world on fire, had
he not been struck with a thunderbolt by Jupiter, and hurled headlong
into the river Po.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of oceanic
birds including the tropic birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha"&euml;*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pha&eacute;ton</i> a kind of carriage, fr. <i>Pha&eacute;thon</i>
Pha&euml;thon, the son of Helios. See <u>Pha&euml;thon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A four-wheeled carriage (with or without a
top), open, or having no side pieces, in front of the seat. It is
drawn by one or two horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Pha&euml;thon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A handsome American
butterfly (<i>Euphydryas, or Melit&aelig;a, Pha&euml;ton</i>). The
upper side of the wings is black, with orange-red spots and marginal
crescents, and several rows of cream-colored spots; -- called also
<i>Baltimore</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phag`e*de"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>phagedaena</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to eat.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A canine appetite; bulimia.</def> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Spreading, obstinate ulceration.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phag`e*den"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Phag`e*den"ic*AL</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>phagedaenicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>phag&eacute;d&eacute;nique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of, like, or
pertaining to, phagedena; used in the treatment of phagedena; as, a
<i>phagedenic</i> ulcer or medicine.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A phagedenic medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phag`e*de"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Phagedenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phag"o*cyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to eat +
&?; a hollow vessel.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A leucocyte which plays a
part in retrogressive processes by taking up (eating), in the form of
fine granules, the parts to be removed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pha*i`no*pep"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; shining + &?; robe.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small crested
passerine bird (<i>Pha&iuml;nopepla nitens</i>), native of Mexico and
the Southern United States. The adult male is of a uniform glossy
blue-black; the female is brownish. Called also <i>black
flycatcher</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phak"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a lentil,
or lenticular body + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An
instrument for studying the mechanism of accommodation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pha*l&aelig;"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, a kind od moth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A linn&aelig;an
genus which included the moths in general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha*l&aelig;"nid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
a kind od moth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any moth of the family
<i>Phal&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>, of which the cankerworms are examples; a
geometrid.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pha*lan"ge*al</hw> (?), <hw>Pha*lan"gal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the phalanges. See
<u>Phalanx</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha*lan"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>phalanger</i>. See <u>Phalanx</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
marsupial belonging to <i>Phalangista</i>, <i>Cuscus</i>,
<i>Petaurus</i>, and other genera of the family
<i>Phalangistid&aelig;</i>. They are arboreal, and the species of
<i>Petaurus</i> are furnished with lateral parachutes. See <i>Flying
phalanger</i>, under <u>Flying</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pha*lan"ges</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><i>pl.</i>
of <u>Phalanx</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pha*lan"gi*al</hw> (?), <hw>Pha*lan"gi*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Phalangeal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha*lan"gid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phalangides</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the Phalangoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha*lan"gi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>phalangium</i> a kind of venomous spider, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a
spider.  Cf. <u>Phalanx</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to Phalangoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha*lan"gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any arboreal marsupial of the genus <i>Phalangista</i>. The
vulpine phalangist (<i>P. vulpina</i>) is the largest species, the
full grown male being about two and a half feet long. It has a large
bushy tail.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phal`an*gis"ter</hw> (?), <hw>Phal`an*gis"tine</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Phalangist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phal"an*gite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>phalangite</i>.] <def>A soldier belonging to a phalanx.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Phal`an*goi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from <i>Phalangium</i> the daddy longlegs (see <u>Phalangious</u>) +
Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Arachnoidea,
including the daddy longlegs or harvestman (<i>Phalangium</i>) and
many similar kinds. They have long, slender, many-jointed legs;
usually a rounded, segmented abdomen; and chelate jaws. They breathe
by trache&aelig;. Called also <i>Phalangides</i>, <i>Phalangidea</i>,
<i>Phalangiida</i>, and <i>Opilionea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pha`lan`st&eacute;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A phalanstery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phal`an*ste"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>phalanst&eacute;rien</i>, a. &amp; n.] <def>Of or pertaining to
phalansterianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phal`an*ste"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
favors the system of phalansteries proposed by Fourier.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pha*lan"ster*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Phal`an*ste"ri*an*ism</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A system of phalansteries proposed by
Fourier; Fourierism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phal"an*ster*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>phalanst&egrave;re</i>, fr. Gr. &?;
a phalanx + &?; firm, solid.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An association
or community organized on the plan of Fourier. See
<u>Fourierism</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dwelling house of a Fourierite
community.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha"lanx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phalanxes</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Phalanges</b></plw> (#).
[L., from Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A body
of heavy-armed infantry formed in ranks and files close and deep.
There were several different arrangements, the phalanx varying in
depth from four to twenty-five or more ranks of men.</def> "In cubic
<i>phalanx</i> firm advanced."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Grecian <i>phalanx</i>, moveless as a
tower.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any body of troops or men formed in close
array, or any combination of people distinguished for firmness and
solidity of a union.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At present they formed a united
<i>phalanx</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sheep recumbent, and the sheep that grazed,<BR>
All huddling into <i>phalanx</i>, stood and gazed.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A Fourierite community; a
phalanstery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the digital bones of
the hand or foot, beyond the metacarpus or metatarsus; an
internode.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [<i>pl</i>. <u>Phalanges</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A group or bundle of stamens, as in polyadelphous
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phal"a*rope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; having a
patch of white + &?;, &?;, a foot: cf. F. <i>phalarope</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of <i>Phalaropus</i> and allied
genera of small wading birds (<i>Grall&aelig;</i>), having lobate
toes. They are often seen far from land, swimming in large flocks.
Called also <i>sea goose</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the phallus, or to phallism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phal"li*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Phallism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phal"lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The worship of
the generative principle in nature, symbolized by the
phallus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phal"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phalli</b></plw> (&?;). [L., a phallus (in sense 1), Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The emblem of the generative power in nature,
carried in procession in the Bacchic orgies, or worshiped in various
ways.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The penis or clitoris, or
the embryonic or primitive organ from which either may be
derived.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of fungi which have a
fetid and disgusting odor; the stinkhorn.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1075 !></p>

<p><hw>Phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fane</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phan"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; visible,
from &?; to bring to light.] <def>Evident; visible.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Phanerite series</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the
uppermost part of the earth's crust, consisting of deposits produced
by causes in obvious operation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Phan`er*o*car"p&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., from Gr. &?; evident + &?; fruit (but taken to mean, ovary).]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Acraspeda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan`er*o*co*don"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
evident + &?; a bell.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having an umbrella-
shaped or bell-shaped body, with a wide, open cavity beneath; -- said
of certain jellyfishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan`er*o*crys"tal*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
visible + E. <i>crystalline</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Distinctly
crystalline; -- used of rocks. Opposed to
<i>cryptocrystalline</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phan`er*o*dac"ty*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; evident + &?; finger.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Saurur&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phan`er*o*ga"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; visible (fr. &?; to bring to light) + &?; marriage.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That one of the two primary divisions of the
vegetable kingdom which contains the phanerogamic, or flowering,
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan`er*o*ga"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Phanerogamous.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phan`er*o*gam"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Phan`er*og"a*mous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having visible flowers containing distinct
stamens and pistils; -- said of plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan`er*o*glos"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
evident + &?; tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i><def>Having a conspicious
tongue; -- said of certain reptiles and insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan"ta*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; image +
<i>-scope</i>.] <def>An optical instrument or toy, resembling the
phenakistoscope, and illustrating the same principle; -- called also
<i>phantasmascope</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan"tasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>phantasma</i>.
See <u>Phantom</u>, and cf. <u>Fantasm</u>.] [Spelt also
<i>fantasm</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An image formed by the mind,
and supposed to be real or material; a shadowy or airy appearance;
sometimes, an optical illusion; a phantom; a dream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They be but <i>phantasms</i> or
apparitions.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mental image or representation of a real
object; a fancy; a notion.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Figures or little features, of which the description
had produced in you no <i>phantasm</i> or expectation.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Phan"tas"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
phantasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan*tas`ma*go"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; a phantasm + &?; an assembly, fr. &?; to gather: cf. F.
<i>phantasmagorie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An optical effect
produced by a magic lantern. The figures are painted in transparent
colors, and all the rest of the glass is opaque black. The screen is
between the spectators and the instrument, and the figures are often
made to appear as in motion, or to merge into one another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The apparatus by which such an effect is
produced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A medley of figures; illusive
images.</def> "This mental <i>phantasmagoria</i>."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phan*tas`ma*go"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
relating to, or resembling phantasmagoria; phantasmagoric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan*tas`ma*gor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to phantasmagoria; phantasmagorial.</def>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phan*tas"ma*go*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Phantasmagoria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan*tas"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
of the nature of, or resembling, a phantasm; spectral;
illusive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan*tas"ma*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Phantascope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan`tas*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>phantasmaticus</i>.] <def>Phantasmal.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phan*tas`ma*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, phantasm + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of celestial
phenomena, as rainbows, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phan*tas"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Phan*tas"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Fantastic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan"ta*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Fantasy</u>, and <u>Fancy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan"tom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fantome</i>,
<i>fantosme</i>, <i>fantesme</i>, OF. <i>fant&ocirc;me</i>, fr. L.
<i>phantasma</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to show. See <u>Fancy</u>, and cf.
<u>Pha&euml;ton</u>, <u>Phantasm</u>, <u>Phase</u>.] <def>That which
has only an apparent existence; an apparition; a specter; a phantasm;
a sprite; an airy spirit; an ideal image.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strange <i>phantoms</i> rising as the mists
arise.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She was a <i>phantom</i> of delight.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Phantom ship</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Flying Dutchman</i>,
under <u>Flying</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Phantom tumor</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a swelling, especially of the abdomen, due to
muscular spasm, accumulation of flatus, etc., simulating an actual
tumor in appearance, but disappearing upon the administration of an
an&aelig;sthetic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phan`tom*at"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Phantasmal.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pha"raoh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>par&omacr;h</i>; of Egyptian origin: cf. L. <i>pharao</i>, Gr. &?;.
Cf. <u>Faro</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A title by which the
sovereigns of ancient Egypt were designated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Faro</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pharaoh's chicken</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
gier-eagle, or Egyptian vulture; -- so called because often sculpured
on Egyptian monuments. It is nearly white in color.</cd> --
<col><b>Pharaoh's rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common
ichneumon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pha"ra*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pharaoh</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar`a*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pharaonique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Pharaohs, or kings
of ancient Egypt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pharos</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A beacon tower; a lighthouse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a harbor.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phar`i*sa"ic</hw> (f&abreve;r`&ibreve;*s&amacr;"&ibreve;k),
<hw>Phar`i*sa"ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Pharisaicus</i>, Gr.
<grk>Farisai:ko`s</grk>: cf. F. <i>pharisa&iuml;que</i>. See
<u>Pharisee</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Pharisees; resembling the Pharisees.</def> "The <i>Pharisaic</i> sect
among the Jews."  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>Addicted to external forms and
ceremonies; making a show of religion without the spirit of it;
ceremonial; formal; hypocritical; self-righteous.</def> "Excess of
outward and <i>pharisaical</i> holiness." <i>Bacon.</i>
"<i>Pharisaical</i> ostentation." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Phar`i*sa"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Phar`i*sa"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Phar`i*sa"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pharisaisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The notions, doctrines,
and conduct of the Pharisees, as a sect.</def>  <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rigid observance of external forms of
religion, without genuine piety; hypocrisy in religion; a censorious,
self-righteous spirit in matters of morals or manners.</def> "A piece
of <i>pharisaism</i>."  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phar`i*se"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Pharisaeus</i>, Gr. <grk>Farisai^os</grk>.] <def>Following the
practice of Pharisees; Pharisaic.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Pharisean</i>
disciples."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phar"i*see</hw> (f&abreve;r"&ibreve;*s&emacr;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Pharisaeus</i>, Gr. <grk>Farisai^os</grk>,
from Heb. <i>p&amacr;rash</i> to separate.] <def>One of a sect or
party among the Jews, noted for a strict and formal observance of
rites and ceremonies and of the traditions of the elders, and whose
pretensions to superior sanctity led them to separate themselves from
the other Jews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar"i*see*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pharisaism</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phar`ma*ceu"tic</hw> (f&auml;r`m&adot;*s&umacr;"t&ibreve;k),
<hw>Phar`ma*ceu"tic*al</hw> (-t&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pharmaceuticus</i>, Gr.
<grk>farmakeytiko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>farmakey`ein</grk>: cf. F.
<i>pharmaceutique</i>. See <u>Pharmacy</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
the knowledge or art of pharmacy, or to the art of preparing medicines
according to the rules or formulas of pharmacy; as,
<i>pharmaceutical</i> preparations.</def> --
<wf>Phar`ma*ceu"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Pharmaceutical chemistry</b></col>, <cd>that department of
chemistry which ascertains or regulates the composition of medicinal
substances.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phar`ma*ceu"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
science of preparing medicines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar`ma*ceu"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in pharmacy; a druggist. See the Note under
<u>Apothecary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar"ma*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in
pharmacy; a pharmaceutist; a druggist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar`ma*co*dy*nam"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>fa`rmakon</grk> medicine + E. <i>dynamics</i>.] <def>That branch
of pharmacology which considers the mode of action, and the effects,
of medicines.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phar`ma*cog*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>fa`rmakon</grk> a drug + <grk>gnw^sis</grk> a knowing.] <def>That
branch of pharmacology which treats of unprepared medicines or
simples; -- called also <i>pharmacography</i>, and
<i>pharmacomathy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar`ma*cog"no*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pharmacognosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar`ma*cog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>fa`rmakon</grk> a drug + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>See
<u>Pharmacognosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar*mac"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>fa`rmakon</grk> drug, poisonous drug + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F.
<i>pharmacolithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous arsenate of lime,
usually occurring in silky fibers of a white or grayish
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar`ma*col"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pharmacologiste</i>.] <def>One skilled in pharmacology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar`ma*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>fa`rmakon</grk> drug + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F.
<i>pharmacologie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Knowledge of drugs or
medicines; the art of preparing medicines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on the art of preparing
medicines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar`ma*com"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>fa`rmakon</grk> a drug + <grk>manqa`nein</grk> to learn.]
<def>See <u>Pharmacognosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar"ma*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>fa`rmakon</grk>.] <def>A medicine or drug; also, a poison.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phar`ma*co*p&oelig;"ia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>farmakopoii:`a</grk> the preparation of medicines;
<grk>fa`rmakon</grk> medicine + <grk>poiei^n</grk> to make.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A book or treatise describing the drugs,
preparations, etc., used in medicine; especially, one that is issued
by official authority and considered as an authoritative
standard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A chemical laboratory.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phar`ma*cop"o*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pharmacopola</i>, Gr. <grk>farmakopw`lhs</grk>;
<grk>fa`rmakon</grk> medicine + <grk>pwlei^n</grk> to sell.] <def>One
who sells medicines; an apothecary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar`ma*co*sid"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
drug, poison + E. <i>siderite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous
arsenate of iron occurring in green or yellowish green cubic crystals;
cube ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar"ma*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fermacie</i>,
OF. <i>farmacie</i>, <i>pharmacie</i>, F. <i>pharmacie</i>, Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to administer or use medicines, fr. &?; medicine.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or practice of preparing and
preserving drugs, and of compounding and dispensing medicines
according to prescriptions of physicians; the occupation of an
apothecary or a pharmaceutical chemist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place where medicines are compounded; a
drug store; an apothecary's shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
pharos; a lighthouse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Faro</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha*rol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
lighthouse + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The art or science which treats of
lighthouses and signal lights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha"ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; an island in the Bay of Alexandria, where king Ptolemy
Philadelphus built a famous lighthouse.] <def>A lighthouse or beacon
for the guidance of seamen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . built a <i>pharos</i>, or
lighthouse.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pha*ryn"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pharyngeal.</def>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phar`yn*ge"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pharynx</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the pharynx;
in the region of the pharynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar`yn*ge"al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
pharyngeal bone or cartilage; especially, one of the <i>lower
pharyngeals</i>, which belong to the rudimentary fifth branchial arch
in many fishes, or one of the <i>upper pharyngeals</i>, or
pharyngobranchials, which are the dorsal elements in the complete
branchial arches.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phar`yn*gi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pharynx</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the pharynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha*ryn`go*bran"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Pharynx</i> + <i>branchial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the pharynx and the branchi&aelig;; -- applied
especially to the dorsal elements in the branchial arches of fishes.
See <u>Pharyngeal</u>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
pharyngobranchial, or upper pharyngeal, bone or cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pha*ryn`go*bran"chi*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Pharynx</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Leptocardia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phar`yn*gog"na*thi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Pharynx</u>, and <u>Gnathic</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of fishes in which the lower pharyngeal bones are united. It
includes the scaroid, labroid, and embioticoid fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha*ryn`go*lar`yn*ge"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Pharynx</i> + <i>laryngeal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining both to
pharynx and the larynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pha*ryn`gop*neus"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; the pharynx + &?; to breathe.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
group of invertebrates including the Tunicata and Enteropneusta.</def>
-- <wf>Pha*ryn`gop*neus"tal</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pha*ryn"go*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>An instrument for incising or scarifying the tonsils,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar`yn*got"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pharynx</i>
+ <i>Gr</i>. <i>&?; to cut</i>: cf. F. <i>pharyngotomie</i>.]
<i>(Surg.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The operation of making an
incision into the pharynx, to remove a tumor or anything that
obstructs the passage.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Scarification or
incision of the tonsils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar"ynx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>pharynges</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;: cf. F.
<i>pharynx</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The part of the alimentary canal
between the cavity of the mouth and the esophagus. It has one or two
external openings through the nose in the higher vertebrates, and
lateral branchial openings in fishes and some amphibias.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phas"co*lome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; pouch +
&?; mouse.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marsupial of the genus
<i>Phascolomys</i>; a wombat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phases</b></plw> (#). [NL. <i>phasis</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
make to appear: cf. F. <i>phase</i>. See <u>Phenomenon</u>,
<u>Phantom</u>, and <u>Emphasis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is exhibited to the eye; the appearance which anything
manifests, especially any one among different and varying appearances
of the same object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any appearance or aspect of an object of
mental apprehension or view; as, the problem has many
<i>phases</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A particular appearance or
state in a regularly recurring cycle of changes with respect to
quantity of illumination or form of enlightened disk; as, the
<i>phases</i> of the moon or planets. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Moon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Any one point or portion
in a recurring series of changes, as in the changes of motion of one
of the particles constituting a wave or vibration; one portion of a
series of such changes, in distinction from a contrasted portion, as
the portion on one side of a position of equilibrium, in contrast with
that on the opposite side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>phaselus</i>,
<i>phaseolus</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;: cf. F. <i>phas&eacute;ole</i>,
<i>fas&eacute;ole</i>.  Cf. <u>Fesels</u>.] <def>The French bean, or
kidney bean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phase"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a phase,
or visible form.</def> [R.] "A <i>phaseless</i> and increasing gloom."
<i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pha*se"o*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of leguminous plants, including the Lima
bean, the kidney bean, the scarlet runner, etc. See
<u>Bean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pha`se*o*man"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called
because found in the unripe fruit of the bean (<i>Phaseolus
vulgaris</i>).] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Inosite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pha"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phases</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <def>See <u>Phase</u>.</def>
<i>Creech.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phasm</hw> (?), <hw>Phas"ma</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>phasma</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Phase</u>.] <def>An apparition; a
phantom; an appearance.</def> [R.]  <i>Hammond. Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phas"mid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Phasm</u>.
Probably so called from its mimicking, or appearing like, inanimate
objects.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any orthopterous insect of the
family <i>Phasmid&aelig;</i>, as a leaf insect or a stick
insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phas"sa*chate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the wood
pigeon + &?; the agate.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The lead-colored agate; --
so called in reference to its color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phat"a*gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;; perhaps
from native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The long-tailed pangolin
(<i>Manis tetradactyla</i>); -- called also <i>ipi</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pheas"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fesant</i>,
<i>fesaunt</i>, OF. <i>faisant</i>, <i>faisan</i>, F. <i>faisan</i>,
L. <i>phasianus</i>, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;) the Phasian bird, pheasant, fr.
&?; a river in Colchis or Pontus.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of large
gallinaceous birds of the genus <i>Phasianus</i>, and many other
genera of the family <i>Phasianid&aelig;</i>, found chiefly in
Asia.</def></p>

<p>
&fist; The <col><b>common, or English,</b></col>
<col><b>pheasant</b></col> (<i>Phasianus Colchicus</i>) is now found
over most of temperate Europe, but was introduced from Asia. The
<col><b>ring-necked pheasant</b></col> (<i>P. torquatus</i>) and the
<col><b>green pheasant</b></col> (<i>P. versicolor</i>) have been
introduced into Oregon. The <col><b>golden pheasant</b></col>
(<i>Thaumalea picta</i>) is one of the most beautiful species. The
<col><b>silver pheasant</b></col> (<i>Euplocamus nychthemerus</i>) of
China, and several related species from Southern Asia, are very
beautiful.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ruffed
grouse.</def> [Southern U.S.]</p>

<p>&fist; Various other birds are locally called <i>pheasants</i>, as
the lyre bird, the leipoa, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Fireback pheasant</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Fireback</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Gold</b></col>, or <col><b>Golden</b></col>,
<col><b>pheasant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a Chinese pheasant
(<i>Thaumalea picta</i>), having rich, varied colors. The crest is
amber-colored, the rump is golden yellow, and the under parts are
scarlet.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain pheasant</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the ruffed grouse.</cd> [Local, U.S.] --
<col><b>Pheasant coucal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
Australian cuckoo (<i>Centropus phasianus</i>). The general color is
black, with chestnut wings and brown tail. Called also <i>pheasant
cuckoo</i>. The name is also applied to other allied species.</cd> --
<col><b>Pheasant duck</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The pintail</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
hooded merganser.</cd> -- <col><b>Pheasant parrot</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large and beautiful Australian parrakeet
(<i>Platycercus Adelaidensis</i>). The male has the back black, the
feathers margined with yellowish blue and scarlet, the quills deep
blue, the wing coverts and cheeks light blue, the crown, sides of the
neck, breast, and middle of the belly scarlet.</cd> --
<col><b>Pheasant's eye</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A red-flowered herb (<i>Adonis autumnalis</i>) of the Crowfoot
family; -- called also <i>pheasant's-eye Adonis</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The garden pink (<i>Dianthus plumarius</i>); -
- called also <i>Pheasant's-eye pink</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pheasant
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any marine univalve shell of
the genus <i>Phasianella</i>, of which numerous species are found in
tropical seas. The shell is smooth and usually richly colored, the
colors often forming blotches like those of a pheasant.</cd> --
<col><b>Pheasant wood</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Partridge wood</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under
<u>Partridge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea pheasant</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the pintail.</cd> -- <col><b>Water
pheasant</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
sheldrake</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The hooded merganser.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1076 !></p>

<p><hw>Pheas"ant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>faisanderie</i>.] <def>A place for keeping and rearing
pheasants.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phe"be</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Ph&oelig;be</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pheer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Fere</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pheese</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To comb; also, to
beat; to worry.</def> [Obs. or Local] See <u>Feaze</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pheese</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fretful
excitement.</def> [Obs. or Local] See <u>Feaze</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Phel"lo*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; cork +
<i>-derm</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A layer of green parenchimatous
cells formed on the inner side of the phellogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phel"lo*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; cork + <i>-
gen</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The tissue of young cells which produces
cork cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phel`lo*plas"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; cork
+ &?; to mold.] <def>Art of modeling in cork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phen"a*cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
impostor, deceiver.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A glassy colorless mineral
occurring in rhombohedral crystals, sometimes used as a gem.  It is a
silicate of glucina, and receives its name from its deceptive
similarity to quartz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phen`a*kis"to*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
deceiver + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>A revolving disk on which figures
drawn in different relative attitudes are seen successively, so as to
produce the appearance of an object in actual motion, as an animal
leaping, etc., in consequence of the persistence of the successive
visual impressions of the retina. It is often arranged so that the
figures may be projected upon a screen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe*nan"threne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phen</i>yl +
<i>antr</i>ac<i>ene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A complex hydrocarbon,
C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>10</sub>, found in coal tar, and obtained as a
white crystalline substance with a bluish fluorescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe*nan"thri*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Phenanthr</i>ene + pyr<i>idine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
nitrogenous hydrocarbon base, C<sub>13</sub>H<sub>9</sub>N, analogous
to phenanthrene and quinoline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe*nan"thro*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Phenanthr</i>ene + quin<i>oline</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Either
of two metameric nitrogenous hydrocarbon bases,
C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>8</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, analogous to phenanthridine,
but more highly nitrogenized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Benzene.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Phe"ne*tol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phen</i>yl +
<i>et</i>hyl + L. <i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The ethyl
ether of phenol, obtained as an aromatic liquid,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.O.C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, phenyl or
phenol.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Phenic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a phenol.</cd>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Phe*ni"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ph&oelig;nician</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phen"i*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>foi^nix</grk> purple red: cf. F. <i>ph&eacute;nicine</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A purple powder precipitated
when a sulphuric solution of indigo is diluted with water.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A coloring matter produced by the action of a
mixture of strong nitric and sulphuric acids on phenylic
alcohol.</def>  <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phe*ni"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>phoeniceus</i>, Gr. <grk>foini`keos</grk>, from &?; purple red.]
<def>Of a red color with a slight mixture of gray.</def>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phen`i*cop"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>phoenicopterus</i>, Gr. <grk>foiniko`pteros</grk>, i. e., red-
feathered; <grk>foi^nix</grk>, <grk>foi`nikos</grk>, purple red +
<grk>ptero`n</grk> feather: cf. F. <i>ph&eacute;nicopt&egrave;re</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A flamingo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe"nix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phenixes</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>phoenix</i>, Gr.
<grk>foi^nix</grk>.] [Written also <i>ph&oelig;nix</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>A bird fabled to exist
single, to be consumed by fire by its own act, and to rise again from
its ashes.  Hence, an emblem of immortality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A southern
constellation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A marvelous person or thing.</def> [R.]
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Phen`o*ga"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Ph&aelig;nogamia</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phen`o*ga"mi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Phen`o*gam"ic</hw> (?),
<hw>Phe*nog"a*mous</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ph&aelig;nogamian</u>, <u>Ph&aelig;nogamic</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe"nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to show + <i>-
ol</i>: cf. F. <i>ph&eacute;nol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A white or pinkish crystalline substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH, produced by the destructive distillation
of many organic bodies, as wood, coal, etc., and obtained from the
heavy oil from coal tar.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It has a peculiar odor, somewhat resembling creosote, which
is a complex mixture of phenol derivatives. It is of the type of
alcohols, and is called also <i>phenyl alcohol</i>, but has acid
properties, and hence is popularly called <i>carbolic acid</i>, and
was formerly called <i>phenic acid</i>. It is a powerful caustic
poison, and in dilute solution has been used as an antiseptic.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any one of the series of hydroxyl
derivatives of which phenol proper is the type.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glacial phenol</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>pure
crystallized phenol or carbolic acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Phenol
acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>any one of a series of compounds
which are at once derivatives of both phenol and some member of the
fatty acid series; thus, salicylic acid is a <i>phenol acid</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Phenol alcohol</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>any one of
series of derivatives of phenol and carbinol which have the properties
of both combined; thus, saligenin is a <i>phenol alcohol</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Phenol aldehyde</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>any one of a
series of compounds having both phenol and aldehyde properties.</cd> -
- <col><b>Phenol phthalein</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Phthalein</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phe"no*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phenol</i> +
<i>-ate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound of phenol analogous to a
salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe*nom"e*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ph&eacute;nom&eacute;nal</i>.] <def>Relating to, or of the nature
of, a phenomenon; hence, extraordinary; wonderful; as, a
<i>phenomenal</i> memory.</def> -- <wf>Phe*nom"e*nal*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Phe*nom"e*nal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>That theory which limits positive or scientific
knowledge to phenomena only, whether material or spiritual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe*nom"e*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes in the theory of phenomenalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe*nom`e*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Phenomenon</i> + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F.
<i>ph&eacute;nom&eacute;nologie</i>.] <def>A description, history, or
explanation of phenomena.</def> "The <i>phenomenology</i> of the
mind."  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phe*nom"e*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phenomena</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>phaenomenon</i>, Gr.
<grk>faino`menon</grk>, fr. <grk>fai`nesqai</grk> to appear,
<grk>fai`nein</grk> to show. See <u>Phantom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An appearance; anything visible; whatever, in matter or spirit,
is apparent to, or is apprehended by, observation; as, the
<i>phenomena</i> of heat, light, or electricity; <i>phenomena</i> of
imagination or memory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>phenomena</i> of the material world, and in
many of the <i>phenomena</i> of mind.</blockquote> <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which strikes one as strange, unusual,
or unaccountable; an extraordinary or very remarkable person, thing,
or occurrence; as, a musical <i>phenomenon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe"nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phen</i>yl +
dextr<i>ose</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sweet amorphous deliquescent
substance obtained indirectly from benzene, and isometric with, and
resembling, dextrose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe"nyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to bring to
light + <i>-yl</i>: cf. F. <i>ph&eacute;nyle</i>. So called because it
is a by-product of illuminating gas.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
hydrocarbon radical (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>) regarded as the
essential residue of benzene, and the basis of an immense number of
aromatic derivatives.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Phenyl hydrate</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>phenol or
carbolic acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Phenyl hydrazine</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a nitrogenous base
(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub>) produced
artificially as a colorless oil which unites with acids, ketones,
etc., to form well-crystallized compounds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phe`nyl*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phenyl</i> +
<i>amine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of certain class of organic
bases regarded as formed from ammonia by the substitution of phenyl
for hydrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe"nyl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A hypothetic radical (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>) occurring in
certain derivatives of benzene; as, <i>phenylene</i>
diamine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe*nyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, phenyl.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Phenylic alcohol</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>phenol.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phe"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from Old French.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A bearing representing the head of a dart or
javelin, with long barbs which are engrailed on the inner
edge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>fiole</i>, L.
<i>phiala</i> a broad, flat, shallow cup or bowl, Gr. &?;. cf.
<u>Vial</u>.] <def>A glass vessel or bottle, especially a small bottle
for medicines; a vial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi"al</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Phialed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Phialing</u>.] <def>To put or keep in, or as in, a phial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Its <i>phial'd</i> wrath may fate exhaust.</blockquote>
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil"a*beg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Filibeg</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil`a*del"phi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>filadelfia</grk> brotherly love, from <grk>fila`delfos</grk>
brotherly; <grk>fi`los</grk> loved, loving, friendly +
<grk>'adelfo`s</grk> brother.] <def>Of or pertaining to Ptolemy
Philadelphus, or to one of the cities named Philadelphia, esp. the
modern city in Pennsylvania.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil`a*del"phi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A native or an inhabitant of Philadelphia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a society of
mystics of the seventeenth century, -- called also the <i>Family of
Love</i>.</def>  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil`a*le"thist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Philo-</i> +
Gr. &?; truth.] <def>A lover of the truth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Brathwait.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fond of
men; &?; loving + &?; man.] <def>To make love to women; to play the
male flirt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You can't go <i>philandering</i> after her
again.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lan"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lover.</def> [R.]
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lan"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A South American opossum (<i>Didelphys
philander</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An Australian bandicoot
(<i>Perameles lagotis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lan"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
hangs about women; a male flirt.</def> [R.]  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil"an*thrope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
philanthropist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phil`an*throp"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Phil`an*throp"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>philanthropique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to philanthropy; characterized by philanthropy; loving or
helping mankind; as, a <i>philanthropic</i> enterprise.</def> --
<wf>Phil`an*throp"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Phil`an*throp"i*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
system of education on so-called natural principles, attempted in
Germany in the last century by Basedow, of Dessau.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil`an*throp"i*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
advocate of, or believer in, philanthropinism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lan"thro*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
loving + &?; man: cf. F. <i>philanthrope</i>.] <def>One who practices
philanthropy; one who loves mankind, and seeks to promote the good of
others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lan`thro*pis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or characteristic of, a philanthropist.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lan"thro*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>philanthropia</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>philanthropie</i>.] <def>Love
to mankind; benevolence toward the whole human family; universal good
will; desire and readiness to do good to all men; -- opposed to
<i>misanthropy</i>.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil`a*tel"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to philately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lat"e*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in philately; one who collects postage stamps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lat"e*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Philo-</i> +
Gr. &?; exemption from tax; cf. <i>frank</i> to send free.] <def>The
collection of postage stamps of various issues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>filatiere</i>, <i>philatiere</i>. See <u>Phylactery</u>.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A kind of transparent reliquary with an ornamental
top.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil"au*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; loving
+ &?; self.] <def>Self-love; selfishness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil`har*mon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Philo-</i> +
Gr. &?; harmony: cf. F. <i>philharmonique</i>.] <def>Loving harmony or
music.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil*hel"lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A friend of
Greece, or of the Greeks; a philhellenist.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil`hel*len"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to philhellenism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil*hel"len*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Love of
Greece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil*hel"len*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Philo-</i> +
Gr. &?; a Greek: cf. F. <i>philhell&egrave;ne</i>.] <def>A friend of
Greece; one who supports the cause of the Greeks; particularly, one
who supported them in their struggle for independence against the
Turks; a philhellene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil"i*beg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Filibeg</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Phil"ip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from their
notes.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The European
hedge sparrow.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The house sparrow.
Called also <i>phip</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Phi*lip"pi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Philippi, a city of ancient Macedonia.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or an inhabitant of
Philippi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lip"pic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Philippicus</i> belonging to Philip, Philippic, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
Philip, &?; fond of horses: cf. F. <i>philippique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any one of the series of famous orations of
Demosthenes, the Grecian orator, denouncing Philip, king of
Macedon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Any discourse or declamation
abounding in acrimonious invective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lip"pi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named from
<i>Philippe</i> Plantamour, of Geneva, Switzerland.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A rare and doubtful metallic element said to have been discovered
in the mineral samarskite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil"ip*pize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Philippized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Philippizing</u>.] [Gr. &?; to be on Philip's side.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To support or advocate the cause of Philip of
Macedon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <u>Philippic</u>.] <def>To write or speak
in the style of a philippic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lis"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>A
Philistine; -- a cant name given to townsmen by students in German
universities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lis"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Philistinus</i>, Heb. <i>Phlishth&imacr;</i>, pl.
<i>Phlishth&imacr;m</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or an
inhabitant of ancient Philistia, a coast region of southern
Palestine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bailiff.</def> [Cant, Eng.] [Obs.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person deficient in liberal culture and
refinement; one without appreciation of the nobler aspirations and
sentiments of humanity; one whose scope is limited to selfish and
material interests.</def> [Recent]  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lis"tine</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Philistines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uncultured; commonplace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lis"tin*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition, character, aims, and habits of the class called
Philistines. See <u>Philistine</u>, 3.</def> [Recent]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the side of beauty and taste, vulgarity; on the side
of morals and feeling, coarseness; on the side of mind and spirit,
unintelligence, -- this is <i>Philistinism</i>.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil"lips*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after
John <i>Phillips</i>, an English mineralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A hydrous silicate of aluminia, lime, and
soda, a zeolitic mineral commonly occurring in complex twin crystals,
often cruciform in shape; -- called also <i>christianite</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Phil*lyg"e*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Philly</i>rin
+ <i>-gen</i> + <i>-in</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A pearly crystalline
substance obtained by the decomposition of phillyrin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phil*lyr"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of evergreen plants growing
along the shores of the Mediterranean, and breading a fruit resembling
that of the olive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil"ly*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A glucoside extracted from Phillyrea as a bitter white
crystalline substance. It is sometimes used as a febrifuge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Philo-</hw>. <def>A combining form from Gr. <grk>fi`los</grk>
<i>loving</i>, <i>fond of</i>, <i>attached to</i>; as,
<i>philo</i>sophy, <i>philo</i>technic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*log"y*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Philogyny</u>.] <def>A lover or friend of women; one who esteems
woman as the higher type of humanity; -- opposed to
<i>misogynist</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*log"y*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
loving + &?; woman.] <def>Fondness for women; uxoriousness; -- opposed
to <i>misogyny</i>.</def> [R.]  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil`o*hel*le"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
philhellenist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lol"o*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>philologus</i> a man of letters, Gr. &?;, originally, fond of
talking; hence, fond of learning and literature; &?; loving + &?;
speech, discourse.] <def>A philologist.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil`o*lo"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
philologist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Phil`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <hw>Phil`o*log"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>philologique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to philology.</def> -- <wf>Phil`o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in philology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lol"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To study,
or make critical comments on, language.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil"o*logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>philologue</i>.] <def>A philologist.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>philologia</i> love of learning, interpretation, philology, Gr.
&?;: cf. F. <i>philologie</i>. See <u>Philologer</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Criticism; grammatical learning.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The study of language, especially in a
philosophical manner and as a science; the investigation of the laws
of human speech, the relation of different tongues to one another, and
historical development of languages; linguistic science.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Philology</i> comprehends a knowledge of the etymology,
or origin and combination of words; grammar, the construction of
sentences, or use of words in language; criticism, the interpretation
of authors, the affinities of different languages, and whatever
relates to the history or present state of languages. It sometimes
includes rhetoric, poetry, history, and antiquities.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on the science of
language.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1077 !></p>

<p><hw>Phil"o*math</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>fi`los</grk> loving, a friend + <grk>ma`qh</grk> learning, fr.
&?;, &?;, to learn.] <def>A lover of learning; a scholar.</def>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil`o*math`e*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
philomath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil`o*math"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>philomathique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
philomathy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having love of learning or
letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*lom"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;.]
<def>The love of learning or letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil"o*mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Philomela</u>, the nightingale.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Milton.
Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil`o*me"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>philomela</i>, Gr. &?;, according to the legend, from &?; Philomela
(daughter of Pandion, king of Athens), who was changed into a
nightingale.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The nightingale; philomel.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of birds
including the nightingales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil"o*mene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
nightingale.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Phil"o*mot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Filemot</u>.]
<def>Of the color of a dead leaf.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil`o*mu"sic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Philo-</i>
+ <i>musical</i>.] <def>Loving music. [R.]Busby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil`o*pe"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably a
corruption fr. G. <i>vielliebchen</i>, LG. <i>vielliebken</i>, or D.
<i>veelliebken</i>, a philopena, literally, much loved; but influenced
by Gr. &?; a friend, and L. <i>poena</i> penalty, from an idea that
the gift was a penalty of friendship or love.] <def>A present or gift
which is made as a forfeit in a social game that is played in various
ways; also, the game itself.</def> [Written also <i>fillipeen</i> and
<i>phillippine</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; One of the ways may be stated as follows: A person finding a
nut with two kernels eats one, and gives the other to a person of the
opposite sex, and then whichever says <i>philopena</i> first at the
next meeting wins the present. The name is also applied to the kernels
eaten.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Phil`o*po*lem"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Phil`o*po*lem"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fond of war, warlike; &?; loving + &?;
war.] <def>Fond of polemics or controversy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Phil`o*pro*gen"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the love of offspring; fond of children.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil`o*pro*gen"i*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Philo-</i> + L. <i>progenies</i> offspring.] <i>(Phren.)</i>
<def>The love of offspring; fondness for children.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*los"o*phas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a bad
philosopher, fr. <i>philosophus</i>: cf. OF. <i>philosophastre</i>.]
<def>A pretender to philosophy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phi*los"o*phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>philosophatus</i>, p. p. of <i>philosophari</i> to philosophize.]
<def>To play the philosopher; to moralize.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phi*los`o*pha"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Philosophical speculation and discussion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W.
Petty.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil"o*sophe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a
philosopher.] <def>A philosophaster; a philosopher.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phi*los"o*pheme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from
&?; to love knowledge.] <def>A philosophical proposition, doctrine, or
principle of reasoning.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This, the most venerable, and perhaps the most ancient,
of Grecian myths, is a <i>philosopheme</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phi*los"o*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>philosophre</i>, F. <i>philosophe</i>, L. <i>philosophus</i>, Gr.
&?;; &?; loving + &?; wise.  Cf. <u>Philosophy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who philosophizes; one versed in, or
devoted to, philosophy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then certain <i>philosophers</i> of the Epicureans, and
of the Stoics, encountered him.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who reduces the principles of
philosophy to practice in the conduct of life; one who lives according
to the rules of practical wisdom; one who meets or regards all
vicissitudes with calmness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An alchemist.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Philosopher's stone</b></col>, <cd>an imaginary stone which
the alchemists formerly sought as instrument of converting the baser
metals into gold.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phil`o*soph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Phil`o*soph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>philosophicus</i>: cf. F.
<i>philosophique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to philosophy; versed in,
or imbued with, the principles of philosophy; hence, characterizing a
philosopher; rational; wise; temperate; calm; cool.</def> --
<wf>Phil`o*soph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Phi*los"o*phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>philosophisme</i>.] <def>Spurious philosophy; the love or practice
of sophistry.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phi*los"o*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>philosophiste</i>.] <def>A pretender in philosophy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phi*los`o*phis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Phi*los`o*phis"tic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the love or
practice of sophistry.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Phi*los"o*phize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Philosophized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Philosophizing</u> (?).] <def>To reason like a
philosopher; to search into the reason and nature of things; to
investigate phenomena, and assign rational causes for their
existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man <i>philosophizes</i> as he lives. He may
<i>philosophize</i> well or ill, but <i>philosophize</i> he
must.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phi*los"o*phi`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
philosophizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*los"o*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Philosophies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>philosophie</i>, F.
<i>philosophie</i>, L. <i>philosophia</i>, from Gr. &?;. See
<u>Philosopher</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Literally, the love of,
including the search after, wisdom; in actual usage, the knowledge of
phenomena as explained by, and resolved into, causes and reasons,
powers and laws.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When applied to any particular department of knowledge,
<i>philosophy</i> denotes the general laws or principles under which
all the subordinate phenomena or facts relating to that subject are
comprehended. Thus <i>philosophy</i>, when applied to God and the
divine government, is called <i>theology</i>; when applied to material
objects, it is called <i>physics</i>; when it treats of man, it is
called <i>anthropology</i> and <i>psychology</i>, with which are
connected <i>logic</i> and <i>ethics</i>; when it treats of the
necessary conceptions and relations by which <i>philosophy</i> is
possible, it is called <i>metaphysics</i>.</p>

<p>&fist; "<i>Philosophy</i> has been defined: tionscience of things
divine and human, and the causes in which they are contained; -- the
science of effects by their causes; -- the science of sufficient
reasons; -- the science of things possible, inasmuch as they are
possible; -- the science of things evidently deduced from first
principles; -- the science of truths sensible and abstract; -- the
application of reason to its legitimate objects; -- the science of the
relations of all knowledge to the necessary ends of human reason; --
the science of the original form of the ego, or mental self; -- the
science of science; -- the science of the absolute; -- the scienceof
the absolute indifference of the ideal and real."  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particular philosophical system or
theory; the hypothesis by which particular phenomena are
explained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Books] of Aristotle and his
<i>philosophie</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall in vain interpret their words by the notions
of our <i>philosophy</i> and the doctrines in our school.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Practical wisdom; calmness of temper and
judgment; equanimity; fortitude; stoicism; as, to meet misfortune with
<i>philosophy</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then had he spent all his
<i>philosophy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Reasoning; argumentation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of good and evil much they argued then, . . . <BR>
Vain wisdom all, and false <i>philosophy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The course of sciences read in the
schools.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on philosophy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Philosophy of the Academy</b></col>, <cd>that of Plato, who
taught his disciples in a grove in Athens called the Academy.</cd> --
<col><b>Philosophy of the Garden</b></col>, <cd>that of Epicurus, who
taught in a garden in Athens.</cd> -- <col><b>Philosophy of the
Lyceum</b></col>, <cd>that of Aristotle, the founder of the
Peripatetic school, who delivered his lectures in the Lyceum at
Athens.</cd> -- <col><b>Philosophy of the Porch</b></col>, <cd>that of
Zeno and the Stoics; -- so called because Zeno of Citium and his
successors taught in the porch of the Poicile, a great hall in
Athens.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phil`o*stor"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
loving + &?; affection.] <def>Natural affection, as of parents for
their children.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Phil`o*tech"nic</hw> (?), <hw>Phil`o*tech"nic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Philo-</i> + Gr. &?; an art: cf. F.
<i>philotechnique</i>.] <def>Fond of the arts.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Phil"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>philtre</i>, L.
<i>philtrum</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to love, &?; dear, loving.] <def>A
potion or charm intended to excite the passion of love.</def> [Written
also <i>philtre</i>.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phil"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Philtered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Philtering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To impregnate or mix with
a love potion; as, to <i>philter</i> a draught.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To charm to love; to excite to love or
sexual desire by a potion.</def>  <i>Gov. of Tongue.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Phi*mo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
muzzling, fr. &?; muzzle.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition of the penis
in which the prepuce can not be drawn back so as to uncover the glans
penis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi"ton*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pythoness;
witch.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Phiz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phizes</b></plw> (#). [Contr. fr. <i>physiognomy</i>.]
<def>The face or visage.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Phle*bi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;, a vein + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of a
vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phleb"o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?; +
<i>-gram</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A tracing (with the
sphygmograph) of the movements of a vein, or of the venous
pulse.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phleb"o*lite</hw> (?), <hw>Phleb"o*lith</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a vein + <i>-lite</i>, <i>-
lith</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A small calcareous concretion formed in
a vein; a vein stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phle*bol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
vein + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A branch of anatomy which treats of the
veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phle*bot"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>phl&eacute;botomiste</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>One who practiced
phlebotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phle*bot"o*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Phlebotomized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Phlebotomizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>phl&eacute;botomiser</i>.] <def>To let blood from by opening a
vein; to bleed.</def> [R.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phle*bot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>phlebotomia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, a vein + &?; to cut: cf. F.
<i>phl&eacute;botomie</i>.  Cf. <u>Fleam</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
act or practice of opening a vein for letting blood, in the treatment
of disease; venesection; bloodletting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlegm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>phlegme</i>,
<i>flegme</i>, L. <i>phlegma</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a flame, inflammation,
phlegm, a morbid, clammy humor in the body, fr. &?; to burn.  Cf.
<u>Phlox</u>, <u>Flagrant</u>, <u>Flame</u>, <u>Bleak</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Fluminate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the four humors of which the ancients supposed the blood
to be composed. See <u>Humor</u>.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Viscid mucus secreted in
abnormal quantity in the respiratory and digestive passages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A watery distilled
liquor, in distinction from a spirituous liquor.</def>
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sluggishness of temperament; dullness; want
of interest; indifference; coldness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They judge with fury, but they write with
<i>phlegm</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phleg"ma*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; carrying
of phlegm; &?; phlegm + &?; to lead.] <i>(Old Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine supposed to expel phlegm.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phleg*ma"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?;. See <u>Phlegm</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inflammation; more
particularly, an inflammation of the internal organs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Phlegmasia dolens</b></col> (d&omacr;"l&ebreve;nz) [NL.],
<cd>milk leg.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phleg*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>phlegmaticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>phlegmatique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Watery.</def> [Obs.] "Aqueous and
<i>phlegmatic</i>."  <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in phlegm; as, <i>phlegmatic</i>
humors; a <i>phlegmatic</i> constitution.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Generating or causing phlegm.</def> "Cold
and <i>phlegmatic</i> habitations."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not easily excited to action or passion;
cold; dull; sluggish; heavy; as, a <i>phlegmatic</i> person.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Phlegmatic temperament</b></col> <i>(Old Physiol.)</i>,
<cd>lymphatic temperament. See under <u>Lymphatic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phleg*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Phlegmatic.</def>  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phleg*mat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
phlegmatic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phleg*mat"ic*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Phlegmatically.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Phleg"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>phlegmone</i>,
<i>phlegmon</i>, inflammation beneath the skin, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
burn: cf. F. <i>phlegmon</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Purulent
inflammation of the cellular or areolar tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phleg"mon*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>phlegmoneux</i>.] <def>Having the nature or properties of phlegmon;
as, <i>phlegmonous</i> pneumonia.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phleme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg. &amp; Far.)</i>
<def>See <u>Fleam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phle"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
kind of marsh plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of grasses, including
the timothy (<i>Phleum pratense</i>), which is highly valued for hay;
cat's-tail grass.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phlo"&euml;m</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bark.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That portion of fibrovascular bundles which
corresponds to the inner bark; the liber tissue; -- distinguished from
<i>xylem</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlo*gis"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in
the existence of phlogiston.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlo*gis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to phlogiston, or to belief
in its existence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammatory; belonging to
inflammations and fevers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlo*gis"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i> <def>Phlogistic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlo*gis"ti*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Phlogisticated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Phlogisticating</u>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>
<def>To combine phlogiston with; -- usually in the form and sense of
the <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> or the <pos><i>adj.</i></pos>; as, highly
<i>phlogisticated</i> substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlo*gis`ti*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of combining with
phlogiston.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlo*gis"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
burnt, set on fire, fr. &?; to set on fire, to burn, fr. &?;, &?;, a
flame, blaze. See <u>Phlox</u>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>The
hypothetical principle of fire, or inflammability, regarded by Stahl
as a chemical element.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This was supposed to be united with combustible
(<i>phlogisticated</i>) bodies and to be separated from incombustible
(<i>dephlogisticated</i>) bodies, the phenomena of flame and burning
being the escape of phlogiston. Soot and sulphur were regarded as
nearly pure phlogiston.  The essential principle of this theory was,
that combustion was a decomposition rather than the union and
combination which it has since been shown to be.
</p>

<p><hw>Phlo*gog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;
fire + <i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Causing
inflammation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlog"o*pite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; firelike.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of mica having generally a peculiar bronze-
red or copperlike color and a pearly luster. It is a silicate of
aluminia, with magnesia, potash, and some fluorine. It is
characteristic of crystalline limestone or dolomite and serpentine.
See <u>Mica</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phlo*go"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
burning heat.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of external parts of
the body; erysipelatous inflammation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlo*got"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to phlogisis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlo*ram"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phlor</i>lucin
+ <i>amine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A basic amido derivative of
phloroglucin, having an astringent taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlo*ret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, or designating, an organic acid
obtained by the decomposition of phloretin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlor"e*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Phlorizin.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter white crystalline substance obtained by
the decomposition of phlorizin, and formerly used to some extent as a
substitute for quinine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlor"i*zin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, bark
+ &?; root.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter white crystalline glucoside
extracted from the root bark of the apple, pear, cherry, plum,
etc.</def> [Formerly also written <i>phloridzin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Phlor`o*glu"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Phlor</i>etin + Gr. &?; sweet.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sweet white
crystalline substance, metameric with pyrogallol, and obtained by the
decomposition of phloretin, and from certain gums, as catechu, kino,
etc. It belongs to the class of phenols. [Called also
<i>phloroglucinol</i>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlo"rol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phlor</i>etic +
<i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid metameric with xylenol,
belonging to the class of phenols, and obtained by distilling certain
salts of phloretic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlo"rone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phlor</i>ol +
quin<i>one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow crystalline substance
having a peculiar unpleasant odor, resembling the quinones, and
obtained from beechwood tar and coal tar, as also by the oxidation of
xylidine; -- called also <i>xyloquinone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phlox</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of flower, fr.
Gr. &?; flame, fr. &?; to burn.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
American herbs, having showy red, white, or purple flowers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Phlox worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of
an American moth (<i>Heliothis phloxiphaga</i>). It is destructive to
phloxes.</cd> -- <col><b>Phlox subulata</b></col>, <cd>the moss pink.
See under <u>Moss</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phlyc*ten"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
blister or pustule.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Characterized by the presence
of small pustules, or whitish elevations resembling pustules; as,
<i>phlyctenular</i> ophthalmia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pho"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a seal, fr. Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of seals. It includes the
common harbor seal and allied species. See <u>Seal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*ca"cean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of Phoca; a seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to seals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*cen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a porpoise.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to dolphin oil or porpoise oil; -
- said of an acid (called also <i>delphinic</i> acid) subsequently
found to be identical with valeric acid.</def>  <i>Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pho*ce"nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>phoc&eacute;nine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Delphin</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1078 !></p>

<p><hw>Pho"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>phoca</i> a
seal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the seal tribe;
phocal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"co*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Phocodontia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pho`co*don"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a seal + &?;, &?;, a tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group
of extinct carnivorous whales. Their teeth had compressed and serrated
crowns. It includes Squalodon and allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ph&oelig;"be</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pewee, or pewit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ph&oelig;"bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; pure, bright.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i>
<def>Apollo; the sun god.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sun.</def> "<i>Ph&oelig;bus</i> 'gins
arise."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ph&oelig;*ni"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Ph&oelig;nica.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Ph&oelig;nica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ph&oelig;*ni"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Phenicious</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ph&oelig;`ni*cop"te*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Phenicopter</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of birds
which includes the flamingoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ph&oelig;"nix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a fabulous
bird. See <u>Phenix</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Same as
<u>Phenix</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of palms including
the date tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"lad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of Pholas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*la"de*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pholad.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pho"las</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pholades</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, a kind of
mollusk.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
marine bivalve mollusks of the genus <i>Pholas</i>, or family
<i>Pholadid&aelig;</i>. They bore holes for themselves in clay, peat,
and soft rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[Gr. &?; the voice.]
<def>Of or relating to the voice; as, <i>phonal</i> structure.</def>
<i>Max M&uuml;ller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pho`nas*cet"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to
practice the voice; &?; voice + &?; to practice.] <def>Treatment for
restoring or improving the voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the voice.]
<def>The act or process by which articulate sounds are uttered; the
utterance of articulate sounds; articulate speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*nau"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phono-</i>
+ Gr. &?; self + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument
by means of which a sound can be made to produce a visible trace or
record of itself. It consists essentially of a resonant vessel,
usually of paraboloidal form, closed at one end by a flexible
membrane. A stylus attached to some point of the membrane records the
movements of the latter, as it vibrates, upon a moving cylinder or
plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*nei"do*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phono-</i>
+ Gr. &?; form + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument
for studying the motions of sounding bodies by optical means. It
consists of a tube across the end of which is stretched a film of soap
solution thin enough to give colored bands, the form and position of
which are affected by sonorous vibrations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a
sound, tone; akin to Gr. &?; to speak: cf. F.
<i>phon&eacute;tique</i>. See <u>Ban</u> a proclamation.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the voice, or its
use.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Representing sounds; as, <i>phonetic</i>
characters; -- opposed to <i>ideographic</i>; as, a <i>phonetic</i>
notation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Phonetic spelling</b></col>, <cd>spelling in phonetic
characters, each representing one sound only; -- contrasted with
<i>Romanic spelling</i>, or that by the use of the Roman
alphabet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pho*net"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
phonetic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`ne*ti"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in phonetics; a phonetist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*net"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The doctrine or science of sounds; especially those of the human
voice; phonology.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of representing vocal sounds by
signs and written characters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"ne*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
which treats of vocal sounds.</def>  <i>J. Peile.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pho"ne*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One versed in phonetics; a phonologist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who advocates a phonetic
spelling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`ne*ti*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act,
art, or process of representing sounds by phonetic signs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"ne*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To represent
by phonetic signs.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sound: cf. F.
<i>phonique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to sound; of the nature of
sound; acoustic.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phon"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Phonetics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"no-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr. &?;
<i>sound</i>, <i>tone</i>; as, <i>phono</i>graph,
<i>phono</i>logy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phono</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
South American butterfly (<i>Ithonia phono</i>) having nearly
transparent wings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`no*camp"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Phono-</i> +
Gr. &?; to bend: cf. F. <i>phonocamptique</i>.] <def>Reflecting
sound.</def> [R.] "<i>Phonocamptic</i> objects."  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pho"no*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phono-</i> +
<i>-gram</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A letter, character, or mark
used to represent a particular sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Phonograms</i> are of three kinds: (1) Verbal signs,
which stand for entire words; (2) Syllabic signs, which stand for the
articulations of which words are composed; (3) Alphabetic signs, or
letters, which represent the elementary sounds into which the syllable
can be resolved.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor (The Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A record of sounds made by a
phonograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"no*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phono-</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A character or symbol used to
represent a sound, esp. one used in phonography.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for the
mechanical registration and reproduction of audible sounds, as
articulate speech, etc. It consists of a rotating cylinder or disk
covered with some material easily indented, as tinfoil, wax, paraffin,
etc., above which is a thin plate carrying a stylus. As the plate
vibrates under the influence of a sound, the stylus makes minute
indentations or undulations in the soft material, and these, when the
cylinder or disk is again turned, set the plate in vibration, and
reproduce the sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*nog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One versed or skilled in
phonography.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who uses, or is skilled in the use of,
the phonograph. See <u>Phonograph</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pho`no*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pho`no*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>phonographique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to phonography; based upon
phonography.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to phonograph; done by the
phonograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`no*graph"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
phonographic manner; by means of phonograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*nog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Phonographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phono-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A description of the laws of
the human voice, or sounds uttered by the organs of speech.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A representation of sounds by distinctive
characters; commonly, a system of shorthand writing invented by Isaac
Pitman, or a modification of his system, much used by
reporters.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The consonants are represented by straight lines and curves;
the vowels by dots and short dashes; but by skilled phonographers, in
rapid work, most vowel marks are omitted, and brief symbols for common
words and combinations of words are extensively employed. The
following line is an example of phonography, in which all the sounds
are indicated: --</p>

<p><blockquote>They also serve who only stand and wait.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i>

<sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The art of constructing, or using, the
phonograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"no*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phono-</i> +
<i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>phonolithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A compact,
feldspathic, igneous rock containing nephelite, ha&uuml;ynite, etc.
Thin slabs give a ringing sound when struck; -- called also
<i>clinkstone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*nol"o*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
phonologist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pho`no*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pho`no*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to phonology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in phonology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phono-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science or doctrine of the elementary sounds
uttered by the human voice in speech, including the various
distinctions, modifications, and combinations of tones; phonetics.
Also, a treatise on sounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phono-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring
sounds, as to their intensity, or the frequency of the
vibrations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`no*mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phono-</i> +
<i>-motor</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument in which motion is
produced by the vibrations of a sounding body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*nor"ga*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Phono-</u>, and <u>Organon</u>.] <def>A speaking machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"no*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phono-</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
instrument for observing or exhibiting the motions or properties of
sounding bodies; especially, an apparatus invented by K&ouml;nig for
testing the quality of musical strings.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An instrument for producing luminous figures by the vibrations of
sounding bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"no*type</hw> (-t&imacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phono-
</i> + <i>-type</i>.] <def>A type or character used in
phonotypy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pho`no*typ"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pho`no*typ"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to phonotypy; as, a
<i>phonotypic</i> alphabet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*not"y*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in phonotypy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*not"y*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A method of
phonetic printing of the English language, as devised by Mr. Pitman,
in which nearly all the ordinary letters and many new forms are
employed in order to indicate each elementary sound by a separate
character.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phor"minx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<def>A kind of lyre used by the Greeks.</def>  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Phor"mi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. fr. Gr. &?; a
plaited mat, a kind of plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
liliaceous plants, consisting of one species (<i>Phormium tenax</i>).
See <u>Flax-plant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phor"one</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cam<i>phor</i> +
acet<i>one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow crystalline substance,
having a geraniumlike odor, regarded as a complex derivative of
acetone, and obtained from certain camphor compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pho*ro"nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>Phoronis</i>, a surname of Io, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
remarkable genus of marine worms having tentacles around the mouth. It
is usually classed with the gephyreans. Its larva
(<i>Actinotrocha</i>) undergoes a peculiar metamorphosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phor`o*no"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See
<u>Phoronomics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phor`o*nom"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
carrying, motion + &?; a law.] <def>The science of motion;
kinematics.</def> [R.]  <i>Weisbach.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phos"gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; light + the
root of &?; to be born: cf. F. <i>phosg&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Old
Chem.)</i> <def>Producing, or produced by, the action of light; --
formerly used specifically to designate a gas now called <i>carbonyl
chloride</i>. See <u>Carbonyl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"gen*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A rare mineral occurring in tetragonal crystals of a white,
yellow, or grayish color and adamantine luster. It is a
chlorocarbonate of lead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"pham</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phosph</i>orus +
<i>am</i>monia.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An inert amorphous white powder,
PN<sub>2</sub>H, obtained by passing ammonia over heated
phosphorus.</def> [Spelt also <i>phosphame</i>.] --
<wf>Phos"pham"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of phosphoric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos*phat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, phosphorus, phosphoric acid, or
phosphates; as, <i>phosphatic</i> nodules.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Phosphatic diathesis</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a habit
of body which leads to the undue excretion of phosphates with the
urine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Phos`pha*tu"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Phosphate</u>, and <u>Urine</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The excessive
discharge of phosphates in the urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; light + &?;
to show.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A luminous impression produced
through excitation of the retina by some cause other than the
impingement upon it of rays of light, as by pressure upon the eyeball
when the lids are closed.  Cf. <u>After-image</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
binary compound of phosphorus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
colorless gas, PH<sub>3</sub>, analogous to ammonia, and having a
disagreeable odor resembling that of garlic. Called also <i>hydrogen
phosphide</i>, and formerly, <i>phosphureted hydrogen</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is the most important compound of phosphorus and
hydrogen, and is produced by the action of caustic potash on
phosphorus. It is spontaneously inflammable, owing to impurities, and
in burning produces peculiar vortical rings of smoke.</p>

<p><hw>Phos*phin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, certain acids analogous to the
phosphonic acids, but containing two hydrocarbon radicals, and derived
from the secondary phosphines by oxidation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of phosphorous acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Phosph</i>oric
+ sulph<i>onic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, certain derivatives of phosphorous acid containing a
hydrocarbon radical, and analogous to the sulphonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos*pho"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Phosph</i>orus + amm<i>onium</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
hypothetical radical PH<sub>4</sub>, analogous to ammonium, and
regarded as the nucleus of certain derivatives of phosphine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>phosphor</i>. See <u>Phosphorus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Phosphorus.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The planet Venus, when appearing as the
morning star; Lucifer.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Pope. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Phosphorated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Phosphorating</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To impregnate,
or combine, with phosphorus or its compounds; as, <i>phosphorated</i>
oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phor-bronze`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Phosphor</i> + <i>bronze</i>.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A variety of
bronze possessing great hardness, elasticity, and toughness, obtained
by melting copper with tin phosphide. It contains one or two per cent
of phosphorus and from five to fifteen per cent of tin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos*pho"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Phosphorescent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Phos`phor*esce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Phosphoresced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Phosphorescing</u> (?).] <def>To shine as phosphorus;
to be phosphorescent; to emit a phosphoric light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos`phor*es"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>phosphorescence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state
of being phosphorescent; or the act of phosphorescing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A phosphoric light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos`phor*es"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>phosphorescent</i>.] <def>Shining with a phosphoric light; luminous
without sensible heat.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
phosphorescent substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>phosphorique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to phosphorus; resembling, or containing, from us;
specifically, designating those compounds in which phosphorus has a
higher valence as contrasted with the <i>phosphorous</i>
compounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Phosphorescent.</def> "A <i>phosphoric</i>
sea."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Glacial phosphoric acid</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Metaphosphoric acid in the form of glassy
semitransparent masses or sticks</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Pure
normal phosphoric acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Phosphoric acid</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white crystalline substance,
H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, which is the most highly oxidized acid of
phosphorus, and forms an important and extensive series of compounds,
viz., the phosphates.</cd> -- <col><b>Soluble phosphoric
acid</b></col>, <col><b>Insoluble phosphoric acid</b></col> <i>(Agric.
Chem.)</i>, <cd>phosphoric acid combined in acid salts, or in neutral
or basic salts, which are respectively soluble and insoluble in water
or in plant juices.</cd> -- <col><b>Reverted phosphoric acid</b></col>
<i>(Agric. Chem.)</i>, <cd>phosphoric acid changed from acid (soluble)
salts back to neutral or basic (insoluble) salts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phos*phor"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i> <def>Phosphoric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phor*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A massive variety of apatite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos`phor*it"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to phosphorite; resembling, or of the nature of,
phosphorite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phor*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
phosphorate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phor*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing,
or impregnated with, phosphorus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos`phor*o*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Phosphorus</i> + <i>-gen</i> + <i>-ic</i>.] <def>Generating
phosphorescence; as, <i>phosphorogenic</i> rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos*phor"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Phosphorus</i> + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
apparatus for observing the phosphorescence produced in different
bodies by the action of light, and for measuring its
duration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>phosphoreux</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
phosphorus; resembling or containing phosphorus; specifically,
designating those compounds in which phosphorus has a lower valence as
contrasted with <i>phosphoric</i> compounds; as, <i>phosphorous</i>
acid, H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>3</sub>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phor*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phosphori</b></plw> (#). [L., the morning star, Gr. &?;, lit.,
light bringer; &?; light + &?; to bring.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
morning star; Phosphor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A poisonous nonmetallic
element of the nitrogen group, obtained as a white, or yellowish,
translucent waxy substance, having a characteristic disagreeable
smell. It is very active chemically, must be preserved under water,
and unites with oxygen even at ordinary temperatures, giving a faint
glow, -- whence its name. It always occurs compined, usually in
phosphates, as in the mineral apatite, in bones, etc. It is used in
the composition on the tips of friction matches, and for many other
purposes. The molecule contains four atoms. Symbol P. Atomic weight
31.0.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Hence, any substance which
shines in the dark like phosphorus, as certain phosphorescent
bodies.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bologna phosphorus</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>sulphide
of barium, which shines in the dark after exposure to light; -- so
called because this property was discovered by a resident of
<i>Bologna</i>. The term is sometimes applied to other compounds
having similar properties.</cd> -- <col><b>Metallic
phosphorus</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an allotropic modification of
phosphorus, obtained as a gray metallic crystalline substance, having
very inert chemical properties. It is obtained by heating ordinary
phosphorus in a closed vessel at a high temperature.</cd> --
<col><b>Phosphorus disease</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a disease
common among workers in phosphorus, giving rise to necrosis of the
jawbone, and other symptoms.</cd> -- <col><b>Red, or
Amorphous</b></col>, <col><b>phosphorus</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>an allotropic modification of phosphorus, obtained as a dark red
powder by heating ordinary phosphorus in closed vessels. It is not
poisonous, is not phosphorescent, and is only moderately active
chemically. It is valuable as a chemical reagent, and is used in the
composition of the friction surface on which safety matches are
ignited.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar phosphori</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>phosphorescent substances which shine in the dark after exposure
to the sunlight or other intense light.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1079 !></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phor*yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phosphor</i>us
+ <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The radical PO, regarded as the
typical nucleus of certain compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A phosphide.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Phos"phu*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Impregnated, or combined, with phosphorus.</def> [Obsoles.]
[Written also <i>phosphuretted</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Phosphureted hydrogen</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Phosphine</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pho"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>fw^s</grk>,
<grk>fwto`s</grk>, light.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Relating to the
production of light by the lower animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>The science of light; -- a general term sometimes employed when
<i>optics</i> is restricted to light as a producing vision.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pho"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Photos</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A contraction of
<u>Photograph</u>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Pho"to-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>fw^s</grk>, <grk>fwto`s</grk>, <i>light</i>; as,
<i>photo</i>graphy, <i>photo</i>type, <i>photo</i>meter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*bi*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
<i>biotic</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Requiring light to live; incapable
of living without light; as, <i>photobiotic</i> plant cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*chem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i>
+ <i>chemical</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to chemical
action of light, or produced by it; as, the <i>photochemical</i>
changes of the visual purple of the retina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*chem"is*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-
</i> + <i>chemistry</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The branch of chemistry
which relates to the effect of light in producing chemical changes, as
in photography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pho`to*chro"mic</hw> (?), <hw>Pho`to*chro*mat"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to photochromy; produced by
photochromy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*toch"ro*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
Gr. &?; color.] <def>The art or process of reproducing colors by
photography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*drome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
Gr. &?; to run.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An apparatus consisting of a
large wheel with spokes, which when turning very rapidly is
illuminated by momentary flashes of light passing through slits in a
rotating disk.  By properly timing the succession of flashes the wheel
is made to appear to be motionless, or to rotate more or less slowly
in either direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to-e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i>
+ <i>electric</i>.] <def>Acting by the operation of both light and
electricity; -- said of apparatus for producing pictures by electric
light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to-e*lec"tro*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>An electrotype plate formed in a mold made by
photographing on prepared gelatine, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to-en*grav"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-
</i> + <i>engraving</i>.] <def>The process of obtaining an etched or
engraved plate from the photographic image, to be used in printing;
also, a picture produced by such a process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to-ep"i*nas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Photo-</u>, and <u>Epinastic</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
disproportionately rapid growth of the upper surface of dorsiventral
organs, such as leaves, through the stimulus of exposure to
light.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*gal`va*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Photo-</i> + <i>galvanography</i>.] <def>The art or process of
making photo-electrotypes.</def>  <i>Sir D. Brewster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> + <i>-
gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A light hydrocarbon oil resembling
kerosene. It is obtained by distilling coal, paraffin, etc., and is
used as a lubricant, illuminant, etc.</def> [Written also
<i>photogene</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Photogen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A photograph.</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A more or less continued impression or
image on the retina.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to photogeny; producing or generating light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Photogen</u>.] <def>See <u>Photography</u>.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*glyph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
Gr. &?; to engrave.] <def>Pertaining to the art of engraving by the
action of light.</def> [Written also <i>photoglyptic</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Photoglyphic engraving</b></col>, <cd>a process of etching
on copper, steel, or zinc, by means of the action of light and certain
chemicals, so that from the plate impressions may be taken.</cd>
<i>Sir D. Brewster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tog"ly*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Photoglyphic
engraving. See under <u>Photoglyphic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*glyp"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Photoglyphic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
<i>-gram</i>.] <def>A photograph.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>A picture or likeness obtained by
photography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*graph</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Photographed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Photographing</u> (?).] <def>To take a picture or
likeness of by means of photography; as, to <i>photograph</i> a view;
to <i>photograph</i> a group.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He makes his pen drawing on white paper, and they are
afterwards <i>photographed</i> on wood.</blockquote>
<i>Hamerton.</i></p>

<p>Also used figuratively.</p>

<p><blockquote>He is <i>photographed</i> on my mind.</blockquote>
<i>Lady D. Hardy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*graph</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice
photography; to take photographs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices, or is skilled in, photography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pho`to*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pho`to*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>photographique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to photography; obtained by photography; used ib
photography; as a <i>photographic</i> picture; a <i>photographic</i>
camera.</def> -- <wf>Pho`to*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Photographic printing</b></col>, <cd>the process of
obtaining pictures, as on chemically prepared paper, from photographic
negatives, by exposure to light.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
photographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tog"ra*phom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Photograph</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>An
instrument for determining the sensibility of the plates employed in
photographic processes to luminous rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>photographie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The science which relates to the action of light on sensitive
bodies in the production of pictures, the fixation of images, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art or process of producing pictures by
this action of light.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The well-focused optical image is thrown on a surface of
metal, glass, paper, or other suitable substance, coated with
collodion or gelatin, and sensitized with the chlorides, bromides, or
iodides of silver, or other salts sensitive to light. The exposed
plate is then treated with reducing agents, as pyrogallic acid,
ferrous sulphate, etc., to develop the latent image. The image is then
fixed by washing off the excess of unchanged sensitive salt with
sodium hyposulphite (<i>thiosulphate</i>) or other suitable
reagents.</p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*grav"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
photoengraving; also, the process by which such a picture is
produced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*he"li*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-
</i> + <i>heliograph</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A modified kind of
telescope adapted to taking photographs of the sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*lith"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-
</i> + <i>lithograph</i>.] <def>A lithographic picture or copy from a
stone prepared by the aid of photography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*lith"o*graph</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
produce (a picture, a copy) by the process of
photolithography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*li*thog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who practices, or one who employs, photolithography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*lith`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to photolithography; produced by
photolithography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*li*thog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
art or process of producing photolithographs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pho`to*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pho`to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to photology, or the doctrine of
light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
studies or expounds the laws of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>photologie</i>.] <def>The doctrine or science
of light, explaining its nature and phenomena; optics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*mag*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to photomagnetism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*mag"net*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
branch of science which treats of the relation of magnetism to
light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*me*chan"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, any photographic process in which
a printing surface is obtained without the intervention of hand
engraving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>photom&egrave;tre</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>An instrument for measuring the intensity of light, or, more
especially, for comparing the relative intensities of different
lights, or their relative illuminating power.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pho`to*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Pho`to*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>photom&eacute;trique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to photometry, or to a photometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tom`e*tri"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
engaged in the scientific measurement of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>photom&eacute;trie</i>.] <def>That branch of science which treats
of the measurement of the intensity of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*mi"cro*graph</hw>
(f&omacr;`t&osl;*m&imacr;"kr&osl;*gr&adot;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Photo-</i> + <i>micro</i> + <i>-graph</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An enlarged or macroscopic photograph of a microscopic object.
See <u>Microphotograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A microscopically small photograph of an
object.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*mi*crog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
art of producing photomicrographs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*pho"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>fw^s</grk>, <grk>fwto`s</grk>, light + &?; fear.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A dread or intolerance of light.</def>  <i>Sir T. Watson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
Gr. &?; sound.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An apparatus for the production
of sound by the action of rays of light.</def>  <i>A. G. Bell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to photophone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*toph"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
practice of using the photophone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*top"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>fw^s</grk>, <grk>fwto`s</grk>, light + &?; sight.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An affection of the eye, in which the patient perceives luminous
rays, flashes, coruscations, etc. See <u>phosphene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*top"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Photopsia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*re*lief"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A printing
surface in relief, obtained by photographic means and subsequent
manipulations.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Anything employed for the
observation of light or luminous effects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the photoscope or its uses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*sculp"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i>
+ <i>sculpture</i>.] <def>A process in which, by means of a number of
photographs simultaneously taken from different points of view on the
same level, rough models of the figure or bust of a person or animal
may be made with great expedition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
<i>sphere</i>.] <def>A sphere of light; esp., the luminous envelope of
the sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*spher"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the photosphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tot"o*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Photo-
</u>, and <u>Tone</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A motile condition in
plants resulting from exposure to light.</def> --
<wf>Pho`to*ton"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
Gr. &?; to turn.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Heliotropic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-</i> +
<i>-type</i>.] <def>A plate or block with a printing surface (usually
in relief) obtained from a photograph; also, any one of the many
methods of processes by which such a printing surface is
obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*typ"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a phototype or phototypy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*ty*pog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-
</i> + <i>typography</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Phototypy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tot"y*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
process of producing phototypes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*xy*log"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-
</i> + <i>xylography</i>.] <def>The process of producing a
representation of an object on wood, by photography, for the use of
the wood engraver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*zin"co*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A print
made by photozincography.</def> -- <wf>Pho`to*zin`co*graph"ic</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*zin*cog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-
</i> + <i>zincography</i>.] <def>A process, analogous to
photolithography, for reproducing photographed impressions transferred
to zinc plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phrag"mo*cone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
fence, an inclosure + &?; a cone.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The thin
chambered shell attached to the anterior end of a belemnite.</def>
[Written also <i>phragmacone</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Phrag`mo*si"phon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The siphon of a phragmocone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phras"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of a
phrase; consisting of a phrase; as, a <i>phrasal</i> adverb.</def>
<i>Earlc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phrase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>phrasis</i> diction, phraseology, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to speak.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A brief expression, sometimes a single word,
but usually two or more words forming an expression by themselves, or
being a portion of a sentence; as, an adverbial
<i>phrase</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Convey" the wise it call. "Steal!" foh! a fico for the
<i>phrase</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A short, pithy expression; especially, one
which is often employed; a peculiar or idiomatic turn of speech; as,
<i>to err is human</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mode or form of speech; the manner or
style in which any one expreses himself; diction; expression.</def>
"<i>Phrases</i> of the hearth."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou speak'st<BR>
In better <i>phrase</i> and matter than thou didst.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short clause or portion of
a period.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A composition consists first of sentences, or
<i>periods</i>; these are subdivided into <i>sections</i>, and these
into <i>phrases</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Phrase book</b></col>, <cd>a book of idiomatic
phrases.</cd>  <i>J. S. Blackie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phrase</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Phrased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Phrasing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>phraser</i>.] <def>To express in words,
or in peculiar words; to call; to style.</def> "These suns -- for so
they <i>phrase</i> 'em."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phrase</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
use proper or fine phrases.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To group notes into phrases;
as, he <i>phrases</i> well. See <u>Phrase</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phrase"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indescribable.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phra"se*o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a phrase
+ <i>-gram</i>.] <i>(Phonography)</i> <def>A symbol for a
phrase.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phra`se*o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Phra`se*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to phraseology;
consisting of a peculiar form of words.</def> "This verbal or
<i>phraseological</i> answer."  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phra`se*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
collector or coiner of phrases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phra`se*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
phrase + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>phras&eacute;ologie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Manner of expression; peculiarity of diction;
style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most completely national in his . . .
<i>phraseology</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of phrases; a phrase
book.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diction; style. See <u>Diction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Phras"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Method of expression; association of words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The act or method of grouping
the notes so as to form distinct musical phrases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phra"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phratries</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?;, &?;.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i>
<def>A subdivision of a phyle, or tribe, in Athens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phre*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>phr&eacute;atique</i>, from Gr. &?;, &?;, a well.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Subterranean; -- applied to sources supplying wells.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phre*net"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Phre*net"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>phreneticus</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;: cf. F.
<i>phr&eacute;n&eacute;tique</i>. See <u>Frantic</u>, and cf.
<u>Frenetic</u>.] <def>Relating to phrenitis; suffering from frenzy;
delirious; mad; frantic; frenetic.</def> --
<wf>Phre*net"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Phre*net"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
phrenetic.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1080 !></p>

<p><hw>Phren"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[Gr. &?;, &?;, the
midriff, or diaphragm, the heart, the mind: cf. F.
<i>phr&eacute;nique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
diaphragm; diaphragmatic; as, the <i>phrenic</i> nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phren"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That branch of
science which relates to the mind; mental philosophy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Phre"nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Phrenic</u>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See <i>Vital force</i>, under
<u>Vital</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phre*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?;, &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the brain, or of the meninges of the brain, attended with acute fever
and delirium; -- called also <i>cephalitis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Frenzy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phre"no*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, the
migriff + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for
registering the movements of the diaphragm, or midriff, in
respiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phre*nol"o*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
phrenologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phren`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>phr&eacute;nologique</i>.] <def>Phrenological.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phren`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to phrenology.</def> -- <wf>Phren`o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Phre*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>phr&eacute;nologiste</i>.] <def>One versed in phrenology; a
craniologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phre*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, the
mind + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>phr&eacute;nologie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science of the special functions of the
several parts of the brain, or of the supposed connection between the
various faculties of the mind and particular organs in the
brain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In popular usage, the physiological
hypothesis of Gall, that the mental faculties, and traits of
character, are shown on the surface of the head or skull;
craniology.</def>
</p>

<p>&fist; Gall marked out on his model of the head the places of
twenty-six organs, as round inclosures with vacant interspaces.
Spurzheim and Combe divided the whole scalp into oblong and
conterminous patches.  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phre`no*mag"net*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, the mind + E. <i>magnetism</i>.] <def>The power of exciting the
organs of the brain by magnetic or mesmeric influence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phre"no*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Phrenic</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous body,
related to cerebrin, supposed to exist in the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phren"sied</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Frenzied</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phren"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Violent and
irrational excitement; delirium. See <u>Frenzy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phren"sy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
frantic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phren"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Phrenetic</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Phry*ga"ne*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any insect belonging to the
Phryganeides.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phryg`a*ne"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Phryganea</i>, the typical genus, fr. Gr. &?; a dry stick.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of neuropterous insects which
includes the caddice flies; -- called also <i>Trichoptera</i>. See
<u>Trichoptera</u>.</def> [Written also <i>Phryganides</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Phryg"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Phrygius</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; Phrygia, a country of Asia Minor.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Phrygia, or to its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Phrygian mode</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>one of the
ancient Greek modes, very bold and vehement in style; -- so called
because fabled to have been invented by the <i>Phrygian</i>
Marsyas.</cd> <i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i> -- <col><b>Phrygian
stone</b></col>, <cd>a light, spongy stone, resembling a pumice, --
used by the ancients in dyeing, and said to be drying and
astringent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phryg"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Phrygia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A Montanist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phthal"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of phthalic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phthal"e*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Phthalic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a series of artificial
organic dyes made as condensation products of the phenols with
phthalic acid, and well represented by phenol phthale&iuml;n. Their
alkaline solutions are fluorescent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Phenol phthalein</b></col>, <cd>a white or yellowish white
crystalline substance made from phthalic acid and phenol. Its solution
in alkalies is brilliant red, but is decolorized by acids, and as this
reaction is exceedingly delicate it is used as an indicator.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phthal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Na<i>phthal</i>ene +
<i>-ic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a
dibasic acid obtained by the oxidation of naphthalene and allied
substances.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Phthalic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white
crystalline substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.(CO<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>2</sub>, analogous to
benzoic acid, and employed in the brilliant dyestuffs called the
phthaleins.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phthal"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phthal</i>yl +
anhydr<i>ide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A lactone obtained by reduction
of phthalyl chloride, as a white crystalline substance; hence, by
extension, any one of the series of which phthalide proper is the
type.</def> [Written also <i>phthalid</i>.]
</p>

<p><hw>Phthal"i*mide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phthal</i>ic +
<i>imide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An imido derivative of phthalic
acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.(CO)<sub>2</sub>NH, which has itself (like
succinimide) acid properties, and forms a series of salts.  Cf.
<i>Imido acid</i>, under <u>Imido</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phthal"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
colorless crystalline substance obtained by reduction from
phthale&iuml;n, into which it is easily converted by oxidation; hence,
any one of the series of which phthalin proper is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phthal"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phthal</i>ic +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical of phthalic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phthi*ri"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; louse.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease (<i>morbus
pediculous</i>) consisting in the excessive multiplication of lice on
the human body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phthis"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Phthisis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phthis"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>phthisicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>phthisique</i>. See
<u>Phthisis</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to phthisis; affected with
phthisis; wasting; consumptive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phthis"ick*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
phthisis, or some symptom of it, as difficulty in breathing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phthis`i*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Phthisis</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A treatise on
phthisis.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Phthis`ip*neu*mo"ni*a</hw> (?),
<hw>Phthis`ip*neu"mo*ny</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Phthisis</u>, <u>Pneumonia</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pulmonary
consumption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phthi"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to pass or waste away: cf. F. <i>phthisie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A wasting or consumption of the tissues. The term was formerly
applied to many wasting diseases, but is now usually restricted to
pulmonary phthisis, or consumption. See <u>Consumption</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fibroid phthisis</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fibroid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phthon"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; voice.]
<def>Formed into, or characterized by, voice; vocalized; -- said of
all the vowels and the semivowels, also of the vocal or sonant
consonants <i>g</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>l</i>, <i>r</i>, <i>v</i>,
<i>z</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phthon"gal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vocalized element
or letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phthon*gom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; voice
+ <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring vocal sounds.</def>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phthor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>phthore</i>, Gr.
&?; to destroy.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Fluorine.</def> [Written also
<i>phthor</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Phy"cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; seaweed.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Erythrite</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy"co*chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; seaweed +
&?; color.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A bluish green coloring matter of
certain alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phy`co*cy"a*nin</hw> (?), <hw>Phy`co*cy"a*nine</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; seaweed + E. <i>cyanin</i>.] <def>A blue
coloring matter found in certain alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phy`co*e*ryth"rin</hw> (?), <hw>Phy`co*e*ryth"rine</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; seaweed + E. <i>erythrin</i>, <i>-
ine</i>.] <def>A red coloring matter found in alg&aelig; of the
subclass <i>Floride&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*cog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; seaweed
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of seaweeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; seaweed +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of alg&aelig;, or seaweeds;
algology.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy`co*ma"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; seaweed + L. <i>mater</i> mother.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A gelatin in
which the alg&aelig; spores have been supposed to vegetate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`co*ph&aelig;"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
seaweed + (&?;) dusky.] <def>A brown coloring matter found in certain
alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phy`co*xan"thin</hw> (?), <hw>Phy`co*xan"thine</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; seaweed + &?; yellow.] <def>A yellowish
coloring matter found in certain alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*lac"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
phylactery.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phy*lac"tered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
phylactery.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phyl`ac*ter"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Phyl`ac*ter"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to phylacteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*lac"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phylacteries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>filateri</i>, OF.
<i>filatire</i>, <i>filatiere</i>, F. <i>phylact&egrave;re</i>, L.
<i>phylacterium</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a watcher, guard, &?; to watch,
guard.  Cf. <u>Philatory</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any charm or
amulet worn as a preservative from danger or disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small square box, made either of
parchment or of black calfskin, containing slips of parchment or
vellum on which are written the scriptural passages Exodus xiii. 2-10,
and 11-17, Deut. vi. 4-9, 13-22. They are worn by Jews on the head and
left arm, on week-day mornings, during the time of prayer.</def>
<i>Schaff-Herzog Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Among the primitive Christians, a case in
which the relics of the dead were inclosed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*lac"to*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to
guard + &?; fruit.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A branch of a plumularian
hydroid specially modified in structure for the protection of the
gonothec&aelig;.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Phy*lac`to*l&aelig;"ma</hw> (?),
<hw>||Phy*lac`to*l&aelig;"ma*ta</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; to guard + &?; the gullet.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of fresh-water Bryozoa in which the tentacles are
arranged on a horseshoe-shaped lophophore, and the mouth is covered by
an epistome. Called also <i>Lophopoda</i>, and
<i>hippocrepians</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*lac`to*l&aelig;"ma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Phylactol&aelig;ma.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Phy*lac`to*le"ma</hw> (?), <hw>||Phy*lac`to*le"ma*ta</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Phylactol&aelig;ma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy"larch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>phylarchus</i>,
Gr. &?;. See <u>Phyle</u>, and <u>-arch</u>.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i>
<def>The chief of a phyle, or tribe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy"larch*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>The
office of a phylarch; government of a class or tribe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phyl&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a body of men
united by ties of blood or habitation.] <def>A local division of the
people in ancient Athens; a clan; a tribe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Phylo-</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mineral related to
ottrelite.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Clay slate; argillaceous
schist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl"lo-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr. &?; <i>a
leaf</i>; as, <i>phyllo</i>pod, <i>phyllo</i>taxy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phyl`lo*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phyllobranci&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Phyllo-</u>,
and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A crustacean gill
composed of lamell&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phyl`lo*cla"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phyllocladia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a leaf + &?; a
sprout.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A flattened stem or branch which more or
less resembles a leaf, and performs the function of a leaf as regards
respiration and assimilation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl`lo*cy"a*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyllo-</i>
+ <i>cyanin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A blue coloring matter extracted
from chlorophyll.</def> [Written also <i>phyllocyanine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Phyl"lo*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyllo-</i> +
<i>cyst</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cavity of a
hydrophyllium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl"lode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Phyllodium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl`lo*din"eous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having phyllodia; relating to phyllodia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phyl*lo"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phyllodia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; leaflike; &?; leaf
+ &?; form.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A petiole dilated into the form of a
blade, and usually with vertical edges, as in the Australian
acacias.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl"lo*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Phyllodium</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A retrograde metamorphosis of
the floral organs to the condition of leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Phyllo-</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Resembling a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl`lo*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyllo-</i>
+ <i>mania</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An abnormal or excessive
production of leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl"lome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; foliage, fr.
&?; a leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A foliar part of a plant; any organ
homologous with a leaf, or produced by metamorphosis of a
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phyl`lo*mor*pho"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Phyllo-</u>, <u>Morphosis</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The succession
and variation of leaves during different seasons.</def>  <i>R.
Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phyl*loph"a*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyllo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
a group of marsupials including the phalangists.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of a tribe of beetles which feed upon the
leaves of plants, as the chafers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl*loph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Substituting on leaves; leaf-
eating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl*loph"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Phyllo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Leaf-bearing; producing
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl"lo*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Phyllopoda. [Also used adjectively.]</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phyl*lop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a leaf + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
Entomostraca including a large number of species, most of which live
in fresh water. They have flattened or leaflike legs, often very
numerous, which they use in swimming. Called also
<i>Branchiopoda</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In some, the body is covered with a bivalve shell
(<i>Holostraca</i>); in others, as Apus, by a shield-shaped carapace
(<i>Monostraca</i>); in others, like Artemia, there is no carapace,
and the body is regularly segmented. Sometimes the group is made to
include also the Cladocera.</p>

<p><hw>Phyl*lop"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Phyllopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl"lo*rhine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Phyllo-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, the nose.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
<i>Phyllorhina</i> and other related genera of bats that have a
leaflike membrane around the nostrils.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phyl`lo*so"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Phyllo-</u>, and <u>-some</u> body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
larva of the spiny lobsters (<i>Palinurus</i> and allied genera). Its
body is remarkably thin, flat, and transparent; the legs are very
long. Called also <i>glass-crab</i>, and <i>glass-
shrimp</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1081 !></p>

<p><hw>Phyl"lo*stome</hw> (f&ibreve;l"l&osl;*st&omacr;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyllo-</i> + Gr. <grk>sto`ma</grk> mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bat of the genus <i>Phyllostoma</i>, or
allied genera, having large membranes around the mouth and nose; a
nose-leaf bat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl*los"to*mid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
phyllostome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl`lo*tac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to phyllotaxy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phyl"lo*tax`y</hw> (?), <hw>Phyl"lo*tax`is</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyllo-</i> + Gr. <grk>ta`xis</grk> order.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The order or arrangement of leaves on the stem; the
science of the relative position of leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Homologous with a leaf; as, the sepals, petals, stamens, and
pistils are <i>phyllous</i> organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl`lo*xan"thin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyllo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; yellow.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A yellow coloring matter
extracted from chlorophyll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyl`lox*e"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
leaf + &?; dry.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
hemipterous insect (<i>Phylloxera vastatrix</i>) allied to the aphids.
It attacks the roots and leaves of the grapevine, doing great damage,
especially in Europe.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It exists in several forms, some of which are winged, other
wingless. One form produces galls on the leaves and twigs, another
affects the roots, causing galls or swellings, and often killing the
vine.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The diseased condition of a vine caused by
the insect just described.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phy`lo*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <hw>Phy*log"e*ny</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; tribe + E. <i>genesis</i>, or root of
Gr. &?; to be born.] <def>The history of genealogical development; the
race history of an animal or vegetable type; the historic exolution of
the <i>phylon</i> or tribe, in distinction from <i>ontogeny</i>, or
the development of the individual organism, and from
<i>biogenesis</i>, or life development generally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*lo*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to phylogenesis, or the race history of a type of organism.</def> --
<wf>Phy*lo*ge*net"ic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Phy"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phyla</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; race, tribe.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A tribe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phyla</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Phylon</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the larger divisions of the animal
kingdom; a branch; a grand division.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phymata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to produce.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tubercle on any external part of the
body.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
bellows.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fresh-water Pulmonifera,
having reversed spiral shells. See <i>Pond snail</i>, under
<u>Pond</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy*sa"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a bladder, fr. &?; a bellows.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
large oceanic Siphonophora which includes the Portuguese man-of-
war.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It has a large air sac, or float, with a sail-like crest on
its upper side. Numerous zooids of different kinds are attached to the
under side of the float. Some of the zooids have very long tentacles;
some have a mouth and digest food; others produce gonophores. The
American species (<i>Physalia arethusa</i>) is brilliantly colored,
the float being pink or purple, and bright blue; the zooids blue. It
is noted for its virulent stinging powers, as well as for its
beautiful colors, graceful motions, and its ability to sail to
windward.</p>

<p><hw>||Phy*sa"li*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of Siphonophora which includes
Physalia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phys`e*ma"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; a blowing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of simple marine
organisms, usually classed as the lowest of the sponges. They have
inflated hollow bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*se"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to blow: cf. F. <i>phys&eacute;t&egrave;re</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The genus that includes
the sperm whale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A filtering machine operated by air
pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*an"thro*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>fy`sis</grk> nature + &?; man.] <def>The philosophy of human
life, or the doctrine of the constitution and diseases of man, and
their remedies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>phisike</i>,
<i>fisike</i>, OF. <i>phisique</i>, F. <i>physique</i> knowledge of
nature, physics, L. <i>physica</i>, <i>physice</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
<grk>fysiko`s</grk> natural, from <grk>fy`sis</grk> nature, fr. &?; to
produce, grow, akin to E. <i>be</i>. See <u>Be</u>, and cf.
<u>Physics</u>, <u>Physique</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of
healing diseases; the science of medicine; the theory or practice of
medicine.</def> "A doctor of <i>physik</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A specific internal application for the
cure or relief of sickness; a remedy for disease; a
medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a medicine that purges; a
cathartic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A physician.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Physic nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small tropical
American euphorbiaceous tree (<i>Jatropha Curcas</i>), and its seeds,
which are well flavored, but contain a drastic oil which renders them
dangerous if eaten in large quantities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phys"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Physiced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Physicking</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To treat with physic
or medicine; to administer medicine to, esp. a cathartic; to operate
on as a cathartic; to purge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To work on as a remedy; to heal; to
cure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The labor we delight in <i>physics</i>
pain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A mind diseased no remedy can
<i>physic</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phys"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to nature (as including all created existences);
in accordance with the laws of nature; also, of or relating to natural
or material things, or to the bodily structure, as opposed to things
mental, moral, spiritual, or imaginary; material; natural; as, armies
and navies are the <i>physical</i> force of a nation; the body is the
<i>physical</i> part of man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Labor, in the <i>physical</i> world, is . . . employed
in putting objects in motion.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A society sunk in ignorance, and ruled by mere
<i>physical</i> force.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to physics, or natural
philosophy; treating of, or relating to, the causes and connections of
natural phenomena; as, <i>physical</i> science; <i>physical</i>
laws.</def> "<i>Physical</i> philosophy."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Perceptible through a bodily or material
organization; cognizable by the senses; external; as, the
<i>physical</i>, opposed to <i>chemical</i>, characters of a
mineral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to physic, or the art of
medicine; medicinal; curative; healing; also, cathartic;
purgative.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Physical</i> herbs."  <i>Sir T.
North.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is Brutus sick? and is it <i>physical</i><BR>
To walk unbraced, and suck up the humors<BR>
Of the dank morning?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Physical astronomy</b></col>, <cd>that part of astronomy
which treats of the causes of the celestial motions; specifically,
that which treats of the motions resulting from universal
gravitation.</cd> -- <col><b>Physical education</b></col>,
<cd>training of the bodily organs and powers with a view to the
promotion of health and vigor.</cd> -- <col><b>Physical
examination</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an examination of the bodily
condition of a person.</cd> -- <col><b>Physical geography</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Geography</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Physical
point</b></col>, <cd>an indefinitely small portion of matter; a point
conceived as being without extension, yet having physical properties,
as weight, inertia, momentum, etc.; a material point.</cd> --
<col><b>Physical signs</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the objective
signs of the bodily state afforded by a physical examination.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phys"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a physical
manner; according to the laws of nature or physics; by physical force;
not morally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am not now treating <i>physically</i> of light or
colors.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to the rules of medicine.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He that lives <i>physically</i> must live
miserably.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phy*si"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>fisician</i>, <i>fisicien</i>, OF. <i>physucien</i>, a physician,
in F., a natural philosopher, an experimentalist in physics. See
<u>Physic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person skilled in physic, or
the art of healing; one duty authorized to prescribe remedies for, and
treat, diseases; a doctor of medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively, one who ministers to
moral diseases; as, a <i>physician</i> of the soul.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*si"cianed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Licensed as a
physician.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>physicianed</i> apothecary."
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phys"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tendency of
the mind toward, or its preoccupation with, physical phenomena;
materialism in philosophy and religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anthropomorphism grows into theology, while
<i>physicism</i> (if I may so call it) develops into
science.</blockquote> <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phys"i*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
physics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A believer in the theory
that the fundamental phenomena of life are to be explained upon purely
chemical and physical principles; -- opposed to
<i>vitalist</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys"ick*ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
fr. <u>Physic</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Phys"i*co-</hw> (?). [Fr. Gr. &?; natural, physical.] <def>A
combining form, denoting <i>relation to</i>, or <i>dependence
upon</i>, <i>natural causes</i>, or <i>the science of
physics</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*co*chem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Physico-</i> + <i>chemical</i>.] <def>Involving the principles of
both physics and chemistry; dependent on, or produced by, the joint
action of physical and chemical agencies.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*co*log"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Physico-
</i> + <i>logic</i>.] <def>Logic illustrated by physics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*co*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to physicologic.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Physico-</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>Physics.</def> [R.] --
<wf>Phys`i*col"o*gist</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*co-math`e*mat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Physico-</i> + <i>mathematics</i>.] <def>Mixed
mathematics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*co-phi*los"o*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Physico-</i> + <i>philosophy</i>.] <def>The philosophy of
nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*co-the*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Physico-</i> + <i>theology</i>.] <def>Theology or divinity
illustrated or enforced by physics or natural philosophy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Physic</u>.]
<def>The science of nature, or of natural objects; that branch of
science which treats of the laws and properties of matter, and the
forces acting upon it; especially, that department of natural science
which treats of the causes (as gravitation, heat, light, magnetism,
electricity, etc.) that modify the general properties of bodies;
natural philosophy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Chemistry</i>, though a branch of <i>general physics</i>,
is commonly treated as a science by itself, and the application of
physical principles which it involves constitute a branch called
<i>chemical physics</i>, which treats more especially of those
physical properties of matter which are used by chemists in defining
and distinguishing substances.</p>

<p><hw>Phys"i*o*crat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>fy`sis</grk> nature + &?; to rule.] <def>One of the followers of
Quesnay of France, who, in the 18th century, founded a system of
political economy based upon the supremacy of natural order.</def>
<i>F. A. Walker.</i> -- <wf>Phys`i*o*crat"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*og"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>fy`sis</grk> nature + root of &?; to be born.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The germ history of the functions, or the history of the
development of vital activities, in the individual, being one of the
branches of ontogeny. See <u>Morphogeny</u>.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*og"no*mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Physiognomist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phys`i*og*nom"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Phys`i*og*nom"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>physiognomonique</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to physiognomy; according with the principles of
physiognomy.</def> -- <wf>Phys`i*og*nom"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*og*nom"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Physiognomy</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*og"no*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>physiognomiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One skilled in
physiognomy.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who tells fortunes by
physiognomy.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*og"no*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
observe and study the physiognomy of.</def> [R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*og`no*mmon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Physiognomic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*og"no*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Physiognomies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>fisonomie</i>,
<i>phisonomie</i>, <i>fisnamie</i>, OF. <i>phisonomie</i>, F.
<i>physiognomie</i>, <i>physiognomonie</i>, from Gr. &?;;
<grk>fy`sis</grk> nature + &?; one who knows or examines, a judge, fr.
&?;, &?;, to know. See <u>Physic</u>, and <u>Know</u>, and cf.
<u>Phiz</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art and science of
discovering the predominant temper, and other characteristic qualities
of the mind, by the outward appearance, especially by the features of
the face.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The face or countenance, with respect to
the temper of the mind; particular configuration, cast, or expression
of countenance, as denoting character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The art telling fortunes by inspection of
the features.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The general appearance or aspect of a
thing, without reference to its scientific characteristics; as, the
<i>physiognomy</i> of a plant, or of a meteor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*og"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>fy`sis</grk> nature + <grk>go`nos</grk> birth.] <def>The birth of
nature.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phys`i*o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Phys`i*o*graph"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>physiographique</i>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to physiography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>fy`sis</grk> nature + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F.
<i>physiographie</i>.] <def>The science which treats of the earth's
exterior physical features, climate, life, etc., and of the physical
movements or changes on the earth's surface, as the currents of the
atmosphere and ocean, the secular variations in heat, moisture,
magnetism, etc.; physical geography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*ol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>fy`sis</grk> nature + &?; service.] <def>The worship of the
powers or agencies of nature; materialism in religion; nature
worship.</def> "The <i>physiolatry</i> of the Vedas."  <i>M.
Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*ol"o*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
physiologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*o*log"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>physiologicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>physiologique</i>.]
<def>Physiological.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to physiology; relating to the science of the functions of
living organism; as, <i>physiological</i> botany or
chemistry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*o*log"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
physiological manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>physiologiste</i>.] <def>One who is versed in the science of
physiology; a student of the properties and functions of animal and
vegetable organs and tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*ol"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
speculate in physiology; to make physiological investigations.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Physiologies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>physiologia</i>, Gr. &?;;
<grk>fy`sis</grk> nature + &?; discourse: cf. F. <i>physiologie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science which treats of the phenomena of
living organisms; the study of the processes incidental to, and
characteristic of, life.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is divided into <i>animal</i> and <i>vegetable
physiology</i>, dealing with animal and vegetable life respectively.
When applied especially to a study of the functions of the organs and
tissues in man, it is called <i>human physiology</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on physiology.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mental physiology</b></col>, <cd>the science of the
functions and phenomena of the mind, as distinguished from a
philosophical explanation of the same.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*oph"y*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>fy`sis</grk> nature + &?; a clan.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The tribal
history of the functions, or the history of the paleontological
development of vital activities, -- being a branch of
<i>phylogeny</i>. See <u>Morphophyly</u>.</def>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phy*sique"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Physic</u>.] <def>The natural constitution, or physical structure,
of a person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With his white hair and splendid
<i>physique</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Stowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phys"no*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Physiogmony.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Phys"o*clist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Physoclisti.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phys`o*clis"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a bellows + &?; to close.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of teleost in which the air bladder has no opening.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys"o*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a bellows
+ L. <i>gradi</i> to walk, go.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
siphonophore which has an air sac for a float, as the
Physalia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy*soph"o*r&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; a bellows + &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of Siphonophora, furnished with an air sac, or float, and a
series of nectocalyces. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Nectocalyx</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy"so*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Physopoda; a thrips.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy*sop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a bellows + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Thysanoptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`so*stig"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid found in the Calabar bean (the seed of <i>Physostigma
venenosum</i>), and extracted as a white, tasteless, substance,
amorphous or crystalline; -- formerly called <i>eserine</i>, with
which it was regarded as identical.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy*sos"to*mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a bellows + &?; mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
fishes in which the air bladder is provided with a duct, and the
ventral fins, when present, are abdominal. It includes the salmons,
herrings, carps, catfishes, and others.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1082 !></p>

<p><hw>Phy*sos"to*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having a duct to the air
bladder.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to the
Physostomi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy*tel"e*phas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a plant + &?; the elephant; also, ivory.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of South American palm trees, the seeds of which furnish the
substance called <i>vegetable ivory</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*tiv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-</i> +
L. <i>vorare</i> to eat greedily.] <def>Feeding on plants or herbage;
phytophagous; as, <i>phytivorous</i> animals.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phy"to-</hw> (?). [See <u>Physic</u>.] <def>A combining form
from Gr. <grk>fyto`n</grk> <i>a plant</i>; as, <i>phyto</i>chemistry,
<i>phyto</i>graphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`to*chem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to phytochemistry.</def>  <i>R. Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phy"to*chem"is*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-
</i> + <i>chemistry</i>.] <def>Chemistry in its relation to vegetable
bodies; vegetable chemistry.</def>  <i>R. Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phy*toch"i*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>phytochimie</i>; Gr. &?; a plant + F. <i>chimie</i> chemistry.]
<def>Phytochemistry.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Phy`to*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <hw>Phy*tog"e*ny</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-</i> + <i>genesis</i>, or root of Gr.
&?; to be born.] <def>The doctrine of the generation of
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`to*ge"o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to phytogeography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`to*ge*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-
</i> + <i>geography</i>.] <def>The geographical distribution of
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`to*glyph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
phytoglyphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*tog"ly*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-</i> +
Gr. &?; to engrave.] <def>See <i>Nature printing</i>, under
<u>Nature</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`to*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>phytographique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
phytography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>phytographie</i>.] <def>The science of
describing plants in a systematic manner; also, a description of
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Resembling a plant; plantlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy`to*lac"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; plant + It. <i>lacca</i> lac.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
herbaceous plants, some of them having berries which abound in
intensely red juice; poke, or pokeweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy"to*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-</i> +
<i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>phytolithe</i>.] <def>An old name for a fossil
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`to*li*thol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
versed in phytolithology; a paleobotanist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`to*li*thol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-
</i> + <i>lithology</i>.] <def>The branch of science which treats of
fossil plants; -- usually called <i>paleobotany</i>, sometimes
<i>paleophytology</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>phytologique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to phytology;
botanical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled
in phytology; a writer on plants; a botanist.</def>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phy*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>phytologie</i>.] <def>The science of plants; a
description of the kinds and properties of plants; botany.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phy"to*mer</hw> (?), <hw>Phy*tom"e*ron</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>phytomeron</i>, fr. Gr. &?; plant + &?;
share.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An organic element of a flowering plant; a
phyton.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phytons</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>One of the parts which by their repetition make up a flowering
plant, each being a single joint of a stem with its leaf or leaves; a
phytomer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*ton"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-</i> +
Gr. &?; law: cf. F. <i>phytonomie</i>.] <def>The science of the origin
and growth of plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`to*pa*thol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in diseases of plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`to*pa*thol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-
</i> + <i>pathology</i>.] <def>The science of diseases to which plants
are liable.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy*toph"a*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a plant + &?; to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
Hymenoptera; the sawflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`to*phag"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Phytophagous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*toph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-</i> +
Gr. &?; to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feeding on plants;
herbivorous; as, a <i>phytophagous</i> animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*toph"a*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The eating of
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy`to*phys`i*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-
</i> + <i>physiology</i>.] <def>Vegetable physiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*tot"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in phytotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phy*tot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Phyto-</i> +
Gr. &?; to cut.] <def>The dissection of plants; vegetable
anatomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy`to*zo*a"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Phytozo&ouml;n</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Infusoria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy`to*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Phytozoa</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; + &?; an animal.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A plantlike animal. The term is sometimes
applied to zo&ouml;phytes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phyz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Phiz</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pica</u>, <u>Pie</u>
magpie, service-book.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A mass of type confusedly
mixed or unsorted.</def> [Written also <i>pie</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pi</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pieing</u> (?).] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To put into a mixed and
disordered condition, as type; to mix and disarrange the type of; as,
to <i>pi</i> a form.</def> [Written also <i>pie</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pi*a&ccedil;"a*ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Piassava</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"a*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>piaculum</i> a
propitiatory sacrifice, that which requires expiation, a wicked
action, fr. <i>piare</i> to appease, to expiate, <i>pius</i> pious.]
<def>A heinous offense which requires expiation.</def> [R.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi*ac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>piacularis</i>: cf. F. <i>piaculaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Expiatory; atoning.</def>  <i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Requiring expiation; criminal; atrociously
bad.</def> "<i>Piacular</i> pollution."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi*ac`u*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being piacular; criminality; wickedness.</def>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi*ac"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Piacular</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the pia mater.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi"a ma"ter</hw> (?). [NL., fr. L. <i>pia</i> (fem. of
<i>pius</i> tender, kind) + <i>mater</i> mother.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The delicate and highly vascular membrane immediately investing
the brain and spinal cord.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>pian</i>,
<i>epian</i>, or. Sp. <i>pian</i>; from the native name in South
America: cf. F. <i>pian</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The yaws. See
<u>Yaws</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"a*net`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pie</u>
magpie.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
magpie.</def> [Written also <i>pianate</i>, and <i>pyenate</i>.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The lesser woodpecker.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi*a*nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>piano</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small piano; a pianino.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi`a*ni"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., dim. of
<i>piano</i>, adj. See <u>Piano</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A pianette,
or small piano.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi`a*nis"si*mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[It., superl. of
<i>piano</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Very soft; -- a direction to execute
a passage as softly as possible. (Abbrev. <i>pp</i>.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*an"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pianiste</i>, It. <i>pianista</i>.] <def>A performer, esp. a
skilled performer, on the piano.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*a"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It., even,
smooth, soft, fr. L. <i>planus</i> even, level.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Soft; -- a direction to the performer to execute a certain
passage softly, and with diminished volume of tone. (Abbrev.
p.)</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pi*an"o</hw> (?), <hw>Pi*an"o*for`te</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>piano</i> soft (fr. L. <i>planus</i>
even, smooth; see <u>Plain</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>) + It.
<i>forte</i> strong, fr. L. <i>fortis</i> (see <u>Fort</u>).]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A well-known musical instrument somewhat resembling
the harpsichord, and consisting of a series of wires of graduated
length, thickness, and tension, struck by hammers moved by
keys.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dumb piano</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Digitorium</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Grand piano</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Grand</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Square piano</b></col>, <cd>one with a horizontal frame and an
oblong case.</cd> -- <col><b>Upright piano</b></col>, <cd>one with an
upright frame and vertical wires.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pi*an"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Piano</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A form of melodiograph applied to a
piano.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"a*pec</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pie</u> a
magpie.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A West African pie (<i>Ptilostomus
Senegalensis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"a*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pius</i>
pious.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One of a religious order who are the
regular clerks of the <i>Scuole Pie</i> (religious schools), an
institute of secondary education, founded at Rome in the last years of
the 16th century.</def>  <i>Addis &amp; Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi*as"sa*va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.
<i>piasaba</i>.] <def>A fibrous product of two Brazilian palm trees
(<i>Attalea funifera</i> and <i>Leopoldinia Piassaba</i>), -- used in
making brooms, and for other purposes. Called also
<i>pia&ccedil;aba</i> and <i>piasaba</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*as"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>piastre</i>,
It. <i>piastra</i> a thin plate of metal, a dollar, LL.
<i>piastra</i>, fr. L. <i>emplastrum</i>. See <u>Plaster</u>.] <def>A
silver coin of Spain and various other countries. See <u>Peso</u>. The
Spanish piaster (commonly called <i>peso</i>, or <i>peso duro</i>) is
of about the value of the American dollar. The Italian piaster, or
scudo, was worth from 80 to 100 cents. The Turkish and Egyptian
piasters are now worth about four and a half cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*as"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Piaster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>piatio</i>. See
<u>Piacle</u>.] <def>The act of making atonement; expiation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pi*at"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [It., prop.,
plates.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Cymbals.</def> [Written also
<i>pyatti</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pi*az"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Piazzas</b></plw> (#). [It., place, square, market place, L.
<i>platea</i> street, courtyard. See <u>Place</u>.] <def>An open
square in a European town, especially an Italian town; hence
<i>(Arch.)</i>, an arcaded and roofed gallery; a portico. In the
United States the word is popularly applied to a veranda.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We walk by the obelisk, and meditate in
<i>piazzas</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pib"corn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>pib</i> pipe +
<i>corn</i> horn.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A wind instrument or pipe, with
a horn at each end, -- used in Wales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"broch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>piobaireachd</i> pipe music, fr. <i>piobair</i> a piper, fr.
<i>pioba</i> pipe, bagpipe, from English. See <u>Pipe</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A Highland air, suited to the particular
passion which the musician would either excite or assuage; generally
applied to those airs that are played on the bagpipe before the
Highlanders when they go out to battle.</def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pic</i>.] <def>A
Turkish cloth measure, varying from 18 to 28 inches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pica</i> a pie,
magpie; in sense 3 prob. named from some resemblance to the colors of
the magpie.  Cf. <u>Pie</u> magpie.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The genus that includes the
magpies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A vitiated appetite that
craves what is unfit for food, as chalk, ashes, coal, etc.;
chthonophagia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A service-book. See
<u>Pie</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A size of type next larger
than small pica, and smaller than English.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <picatype>This line is printed in <i>pica</i></picatype></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Pica</i> is twice the size of nonpareil, and is used as a
standard of measurement in casting leads, cutting rules, etc., and
also as a standard by which to designate several larger kinds of type,
as <i>double pica</i>, <i>two-line pica</i>, <i>four-line pica</i>,
and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Small pica</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a size of type
next larger than long primer, and smaller than pica.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <smpicatype>This line is printed in <i>small
pica</i></smpicatype></p>

<p><hw>||Pic`a*dor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A
horseman armed with a lance, who in a bullfight receives the first
attack of the bull, and excites him by picking him without attempting
to kill him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"a*mar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pix</i>,
<i>picis</i>, pitch + <i>amarus</i> bitter.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
oily liquid hydrocarbon extracted from the creosote of beechwood tar.
It consists essentially of certain derivatives of
pyrogallol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"a*pare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The finfoot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of a sect of Adamites in the fifteenth century; -- so called
from one <i>Picard</i> of Flanders. See <u>Adamite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic`a*resque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp.
<i>picaro</i> rogue.] <def>Applied to that class of literature in
which the principal personage is the Spanish <i>picaro</i>, meaning a
rascal, a knave, a rogue, an adventurer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*ca"ri*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>picus</i> a woodpecker.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive
division of birds which includes the woodpeckers, toucans, trogons,
hornbills, kingfishers, motmots, rollers, and goatsuckers. By some
writers it is made to include also the cuckoos, swifts, and humming
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*ca"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to Picari&aelig;.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One of the Picari&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic`a*roon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>picaron</i>,
aug. of <i>picaro</i> roguish, n., a rogue.] <def>One who plunders;
especially, a plunderer of wrecks; a pirate; a corsair; a marauder; a
sharper.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pic`a*yune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the language
of the Caribs.] <def>A small coin of the value of six and a quarter
cents. See <u>Fippenny bit</u>.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pic`a*yun"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Petty;
paltry; mean; as, a <i>picayunish</i> business.</def> [Colloq.
U.S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pic"ca*dil</hw> (?), <hw>Pic`ca*dil"ly</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>piccagilles</i> the several divisions of
pieces fastened together about the brim of the collar of a doublet, a
dim. fr. Sp. <i>picado</i>, p. p. of <i>picar</i> to prick. See
<u>Pike</u>.] <def>A high, stiff collar for the neck; also, a hem or
band about the skirt of a garment, -- worn by men in the 17th
century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"cage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>piccadium</i>,
fr. F. <i>piquer</i> to prick.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>Money paid
at fairs for leave to break ground for booths.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pic"ca*lil`li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pickle of
various vegetables with pungent species, -- originally made in the
East Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pic"co*lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., small.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small, shrill flute, the pitch
of which is an octave higher than the ordinary flute; an octave
flute.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small upright
piano.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An organ stop, with a high,
piercing tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>pais&amacr;</i>]
<def>A small copper coin of the East Indies, worth less than a
cent.</def>  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pic"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the pitch pine,
from <i>pix</i>, <i>picis</i>, pitch.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
coniferous trees of the northen hemisphere, including the Norway
spruce and the American black and white spruces. These trees have
pendent cones, which do not readily fall to pieces, in this and other
respects differing from the firs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Piceous</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon (C&?;H&?;) extracted from the pitchy
residue of coal tar and petroleum as a bluish fluorescent crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>piceus</i>, fr.
<i>pix</i>, <i>picis</i>, pitch.] <def>Of or pertaining to pitch;
resembling pitch in color or quality; pitchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"chey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Brazilian armadillo (<i>Dasypus
minutus</i>); the little armadillo.</def> [Written also
<i>pichiy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pi`chi*ci*a"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, burrowing, South American edentate
(<i>Chlamyphorus truncatus</i>), allied to the armadillos. The shell
is attached only along the back.</def> [Written also
<i>pichyciego</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pich"u*rim bean`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The seed of a
Brazilian lauraceous tree (<i>Nectandra Puchury</i>) of a taste and
smell between those of nutmeg and of sassafras, -- sometimes used
medicinally. Called also <i>sassafras nut</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi"ci</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>picus</i> a woodpecker.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
birds including the woodpeckers and wrynecks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to Piciformes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pic`i*for"mes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Picus</u>, and <u>-Form</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
birds including the woodpeckers, toucans, barbets, colies, kingfishes,
hornbills, and some other related groups.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the woodpeckers (<i>Pici</i>), or to the
Piciformes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pick</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Picked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Picking</u>.] [OE. <i>picken</i>, <i>pikken</i>, to prick, peck;
akin to Icel. <i>pikka</i>, Sw. <i>picka</i>, Dan. <i>pikke</i>, D.
<i>pikken</i>, G. <i>picken</i>, F. <i>piquer</i>, W. <i>pigo</i>.
Cf. <u>Peck</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Pike</u>, <u>Pitch</u> to
throw.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw; to pitch.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As high as I could <i>pick</i> my lance.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To peck at, as a bird with its beak; to
strike at with anything pointed; to act upon with a pointed
instrument; to pierce; to prick, as with a pin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To separate or open by means of a sharp
point or points; as, to <i>pick</i> matted wool, cotton, oakum,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To open (a lock) as by a wire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To pull apart or away, especially with the
fingers; to pluck; to gather, as fruit from a tree, flowers from the
stalk, feathers from a fowl, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To remove something from with a pointed
instrument, with the fingers, or with the teeth; as, to <i>pick</i>
the teeth; to <i>pick</i> a bone; to <i>pick</i> a goose; to
<i>pick</i> a pocket.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did you <i>pick</i> Master Slender's
purse?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>picks</i> clean teeth, and, busy as he seems<BR>
With an old tavern quill, is hungry yet.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To choose; to select; to separate as choice
or desirable; to cull; as, to <i>pick</i> one's company; to
<i>pick</i> one's way; -- often with <i>out</i>.</def> "One man
<i>picked</i> out of ten thousand."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To take up; esp., to gather from here and
there; to collect; to bring together; as, to <i>pick</i> rags; --
often with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>pick</i> up a ball or stones; to
<i>pick</i> up information.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To trim.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To pick at</b></col>, <cd>to tease or vex by pertinacious
annoyance.</cd> -- <col><b>To pick a bone with</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Bone</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To pick a thank</b></col>, <cd>to
curry favor.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i> --
<col><b>To pick off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To pluck; to
remove by picking</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To shoot or bring
down, one by one; as, sharpshooters <i>pick off</i> the enemy.</cd> --
<col><b>To pick out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To mark out; to
variegate; as, <i>to pick out</i> any dark stuff with lines or spots
of bright colors</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To select from a number
or quantity.</cd> -- <col><b>To pick to pieces</b></col>, <cd>to pull
apart piece by piece; hence [Colloq.], to analyze; esp., to criticize
in detail.</cd> -- <col><b>To pick a quarrel</b></col>, <cd>to give
occasion of quarrel intentionally.</cd> -- <col><b>To pick
up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To take up, as with the
fingers</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To get by repeated efforts; to
gather here and there; as, <i>to pick up</i> a livelihood; <i>to pick
up</i> news.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1083 !></p>

<p><hw>Pick</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To eat slowly, sparingly, or by morsels; to nibble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why stand'st thou <i>picking</i>? Is thy palate
sore?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do anything nicely or carefully, or by
attending to small things; to select something with care.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To steal; to pilfer.</def> "To keep my
hands from <i>picking</i> and stealing."  <i>Book of Com.
Prayer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To pick up</b></col>, <cd>to improve by degrees; as, he is
<i>picking up</i> in health or business.</cd> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pic</i> a pickax, a
pick. See <u>Pick</u>, and cf. <u>Pike</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sharp-pointed tool for picking; -- often used in composition; as, a
tooth<i>pick</i>; a <i>pick</i>lock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining &amp; Mech.)</i> <def>A heavy iron tool,
curved and sometimes pointed at both ends, wielded by means of a
wooden handle inserted in the middle, -- used by quarrymen,
roadmakers, etc.; also, a pointed hammer used for dressing
millstones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pike or spike; the sharp point fixed in
the center of a buckler.</def> [Obs.] "Take down my buckler . . . and
grind the <i>pick</i> on 't."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Choice; right of selection; as, to have
one's <i>pick</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>France and Russia have the <i>pick</i> of our
stables.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which would be picked or chosen first;
the best; as, the <i>pick</i> of the flock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A particle of ink or paper
imbedded in the hollow of a letter, filling up its face, and
occasioning a spot on a printed sheet.</def>  <i>MacKellar.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Painting)</i> <def>That which is picked in,
as with a pointed pencil, to correct an unevenness in a
picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Weawing)</i> <def>The blow which drives the
shuttle, -- the rate of speed of a loom being reckoned as so many
<i>picks</i> per minute; hence, in describing the fineness of a
fabric, a weft thread; as, so many <i>picks</i> to an inch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pick dressing</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>in cut
stonework, a facing made by a pointed tool, leaving the surface in
little pits or depressions.</cd> -- <col><b>Pick hammer</b></col>,
<cd>a pick with one end sharp and the other blunt, used by
miners.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pick"a*back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>On the back
or shoulders; as, to ride <i>pickback</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>pickapack</i>, <i>pickback</i>, and <i>pickpack</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A woman stooping to take a child
<i>pickaback</i>.</blockquote> <i>R,Jefferies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pick"a*nin`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pickaninnies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. Sp. <i>peque&ntilde;o</i>
little, young.] <def>A small child; especially, a negro or mulatto
infant.</def> [U.S. &amp; West Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Pick"a*pack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Pickaback.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pick"ax`</hw>, <hw>Pick"axe`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of OE. <i>pikois</i>,
<i>pikeis</i>, F. <i>picois</i>, fr. <i>pic</i>. See <u>Pick</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A pick with a point at one end, a
transverse edge or blade at the other, and a handle inserted at the
middle; a hammer with a flattened end for driving wedges and a pointed
end for piercing as it strikes.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pick"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>On the
back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pick"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pointed; sharp.</def> "<i>Picked</i> and polished."
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the stake be made <i>picked</i> at the
top.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a pike or spine
on the back; -- said of certain fishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Carefully selected; chosen; as,
<i>picked</i> men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fine; spruce; smart; precise; dianty.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Picked dogfish</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Dogfish</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Picked out</b></col>, <cd>ornamented
or relieved with lines, or the like, of a different, usually a
lighter, color; as, a carriage body dark green, <i>picked out</i> with
red.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pick"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being sharpened; pointedness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fineness; spruceness; smartness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Too much <i>pickedness</i> is not manly.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pick*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pickeered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pickeering</u>.] [F. <i>picorer</i> to go marauding, orig., to go
to steal cattle, ultimately fr. L. <i>pecus</i>, <i>pecoris</i>,
cattle; cf. F. <i>picor&eacute;e</i>, Sp. <i>pecorea</i> robbery
committed by straggling soldiers.] <def>To make a raid for booty; to
maraud; also, to skirmish in advance of an army. See
<u>Picaroon</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pick*eer"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pickeers.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Pick</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, picks, in any sense, -
- as, one who uses a pick; one who gathers; a thief; a pick; a pickax;
as, a cotton <i>picker</i>.</def> "<i>Pickers</i> and stealers."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A machine for picking
fibrous materials to pieces so as to loosen and separate the
fiber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>The piece in a loom which
strikes the end of the shuttle, and impels it through the
warp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Ordnance)</i> <def>A priming wire for
cleaning the vent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pick"er*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<u>Pike</u>.] [Written also <i>pickerell</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A young or small pike.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bet [better] is, quoth he, a pike than a
<i>pickerel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
one of several species of freshwater fishes of the genus <i>Esox</i>,
esp. the smaller species.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The glasseye,
or wall-eyed pike. See <u>Wall-eye</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The federation, or chain, pickerel (<i>Esox reticulatus</i>)
and the brook pickerel (<i>E. Americanus</i>) are the most common
American species. They are used for food, and are noted for their
voracity. About the Great Lakes the pike is called
<i>pickerel</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Pickerel weed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a blue-flowered
aquatic plant (<i>Pontederia cordata</i>) having large arrow-shaped
leaves. So called because common in slow-moving waters where pickerel
are often found.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pick"er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably a
corruption of <u>Pickerel</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sauger of
the St.Lawrence River.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pick"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Pick</u> to
steal; or perhaps from <u>Pickeer</u>.] <def>Petty theft.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pick"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>piquet</i>,
properly dim. of <i>pique</i> spear, pike. See <u>Pike</u>, and cf.
<u>Piquet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stake sharpened or pointed,
especially one used in fortification and encampments, to mark bounds
and angles; or one used for tethering horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pointed pale, used in marking
fences.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Probably so called from the <i>picketing</i> of
the horses.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A detached body of troops serving to
guard an army from surprise, and to oppose reconnoitering parties of
the enemy; -- called also <i>outlying picket</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>By extension, men appointed by a trades
union, or other labor organization, to intercept outsiders, and
prevent them from working for employers with whom the organization is
at variance.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A military punishment, formerly resorted
to, in which the offender was forced to stand with one foot on a
pointed stake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A game at cards. See
<u>Piquet</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inlying picket</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a detachment of
troops held in camp or quarters, detailed to march if called
upon.</cd> -- <col><b>Picket fence</b></col>, <cd>a fence made of
pickets. See def. 2, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Picket guard</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a guard of horse and foot, always in readiness in
case of alarm.</cd> -- <col><b>Picket line</b></col>. <i>(Mil.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A position held and guarded by small bodies of
men placed at intervals</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A rope to which
horses are secured when groomed.</cd> -- <col><b>Picketpin</b></col>,
<cd>an iron pin for picketing horses.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pick"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Picketed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Picketing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fortify with pointed
stakes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inclose or fence with pickets or
pales.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To tether to, or as to, a picket; as, to
<i>picket</i> a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To guard, as a camp or road, by an outlying
picket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To torture by compelling to stand with one
foot on a pointed stake.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pick`e*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Picotee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pick"-fault`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who seeks
out faults.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pick"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of digging or breaking up, as with a pick.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of choosing, plucking, or
gathering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is, or may be, picked or
gleaned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pilfering; also, that which is
pilfered.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The pulverized shells of oysters
used in making walks.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Rough sorting of
ore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Overburned bricks.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pick"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Done or made as with a pointed tool; as, a <i>picking</i>
sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nice; careful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote> was too warm on <i>picking</i> work to
dwell.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Picking peg</b></col>. <i>(Weaving)</i> <cd>See
<u>Picker</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pic"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Picle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>pekel</i>.
Probably a dim. fr. <u>Pick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, alluding to
the cleaning of the fish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A solution of salt and water, in which fish, meat, etc., may be
preserved or corned; brine.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Vinegar,
plain or spiced, used for preserving vegetables, fish, eggs, oysters,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any article of food which has been
preserved in brine or in vinegar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A bath of dilute
sulphuric or nitric acid, etc., to remove burnt sand, scale rust,
etc., from the surface of castings, or other articles of metal, or to
brighten them or improve their color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A troublesome child; as, a little
<i>pickle</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To be in a pickle</b></col>, <cd>to be in disagreeable
position; to be in a condition of embarrassment, difficulty, or
disorder.</cd> "How cam'st thou in this <i>pickle</i>?" <i>Shak.</i> -
- <col><b>To put a rod in pickle</b></col>, <cd>to prepare a
particular reproof, punishment, or penalty for future
application.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pic"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pickled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pickling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To preserve or season in
pickle; to treat with some kind of pickle; as, to <i>pickle</i>
herrings or cucumbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give an antique appearance to; -- said
of copies or imitations of paintings by the old masters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"kled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Preserved in a
pickle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"kle-her"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A herring preserved in brine; a pickled
herring.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A merry-andrew; a buffoon.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pic"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
pickles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pick"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument for picking locks.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who picks locks; a thief.</def> "A
<i>picklock</i> of secrets."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pick"mire`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
<i>picking</i> its food from the <i>mire</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pewit, or black-headed gull.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pick"nick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Picnic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pick"pack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Pickaback.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pick"pen`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pickpennies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A miser; also, a
sharper.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pick"pock`et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who steals
purses or other articles from pockets.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pick"purse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who steals
purses, or money from purses.</def>  <i>Latimer. Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pick"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pixy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pick"thank`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strives
to put another under obligation; an officious person; hence, a
flatterer. Used also adjectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Smiling <i>pickthanks</i>, and base
newsmongers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pick"tooth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
toothpick.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"cle</hw> (p&ibreve;k"'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr.
<i>pightel</i> or <i>pingle</i>.] <def>A small piece of land inclosed
with a hedge; a close.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>pickle</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pic"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>piquenique</i>. See <u>Pick</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Knickknack</u>.] <def>Formerly, an entertainment at which each
person contributed some dish to a common table; now, an excursion or
pleasure party in which the members partake of a collation or repast
(usually in the open air, and from food carried by
themselves).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Picnicked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Picnicking</u> (?).] <def>To go on a picnic, or pleasure excursion;
to eat in public fashion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"nick*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes
part in a picnic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Picus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
Pici.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pix</i>,
<i>picis</i>, pitch + <i>ol</i>eum oil + <i>-ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any one of three isometric bases (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>7</sub>N)
related to pyridine, and obtained from bone oil, acrolein ammonia, and
coal-tar naphtha, as colorless mobile liquids of strong odor; --
called also <i>methyl pyridine</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pic`o*tee"</hw> (?), <hw>Pic`o*tine"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>picot&eacute;</i> dotted, picked.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A variety of carnation having petals of a light
color variously dotted and spotted at the edges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"quet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Piquet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"cra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; sharp,
bitter.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The powder of aloes with canella, formerly
officinal, employed as a cathartic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of picric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"cric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bitter.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a strong organic
acid (called <i>picric acid</i>), intensely bitter.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Picric acid</i> is obtained by treating phenol with
strong nitric acid, as a brilliant yellow crystalline substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>.OH. It is used
in dyeing silk and wool, and also in the manufacture of explosives, as
it is very unstable when heated. Called also <i>trinitrophenol</i>,
and formerly <i>carbazotic acid</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Pic"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; bitter.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A dark green igneous rock, consisting largely of
chrysolite, with hornblende, augite, biotite, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"ro*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bitter +
<i>-lite</i>.: cf. F. <i>picrolithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A fibrous
variety of serpentine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"ro*mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bitter + &?;
honey: cf. F. <i>picromel</i>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless
viscous substance having a bitter-sweet taste.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It was formerly supposed to be the essential principle of
the bile, but is now known to be a mixture, principally of salts of
glycocholic and taurocholic acids.</p>

<p><hw>Pic`ro*tox"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bitter +
<i>tox</i>ic + <i>-in</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter white
crystalline substance found in the cocculus indicus. It is a peculiar
poisonous neurotic and intoxicant, and consists of a mixture of
several neutral substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"cryl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Picr</i>ic + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical of picric acid,
analogous to phenyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pict"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Picts; resembling the Picts.</def> "The <i>Pictish</i> peer."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pic"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Picture</u>, and <u>-graph</u>.] <def>A picture or hieroglyph
representing and expressing an idea.</def> -- <wf>Pic`to*graph"ic</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pic*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pictorius</i>, fr. <i>pictor</i> a painter, fr. <i>pingere</i> to
paint. See <u>Paint</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to pictures;
illustrated by pictures; forming pictures; representing with the
clearness of a picture; as, a <i>pictorial</i> dictionary; a
<i>pictorial</i> imagination.</def> "<i>Pictorial</i> rhetoric."
<i>Ruskin.</i> -- <wf>Pic*to"ri*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pic*tor"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pic*tor"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pictorial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Picts</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Pict</b></singw> (&?;). [L. <i>Picti</i>; cf. AS.
<i>Peohtas</i>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A race of people of uncertain
origin, who inhabited Scotland in early times.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pic*tu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a painting.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pattern of coloration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"tur*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being pictured, or represented by a picture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pictorial.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pic"tur*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A picture.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pic"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pictura</i>, fr.
<i>pingere</i>, <i>pictum</i>, to paint: cf. F. <i>peinture</i>. See
<u>Paint</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of painting;
representation by painting.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Any well-expressed image . . . either in <i>picture</i>
or sculpture.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A representation of anything (as a person,
a landscape, a building) upon canvas, paper, or other surface,
produced by means of painting, drawing, engraving, photography, etc.;
a representation in colors. By extension, a figure; a model.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pictures</i> and shapes are but secondary
objects.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The young king's <i>picture</i> . . . in virgin
wax.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An image or resemblance; a representation,
either to the eye or to the mind; that which, by its likeness, brings
vividly to mind some other thing; as, a child is the <i>picture</i> of
his father; the man is the <i>picture</i> of grief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My eyes make <i>pictures</i> when they are
shut.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Picture</i> is often used adjectively, or in forming
self-explaining compounds; as, <i>picture</i> book or <i>picture</i>-
book, <i>picture</i> frame or <i>picture</i>-frame, <i>picture</i>
seller or <i>picture</i>-seller, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Picture gallery</b></col>, <cd>a gallery, or large
apartment, devoted to the exhibition of pictures.</cd> --
<col><b>Picture red</b></col>, <cd>a rod of metal tube fixed to the
walls of a room, from which pictures are hung.</cd> -- <col><b>Picture
writing</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The art of recording
events, or of expressing messages, by means of pictures representing
the actions or circumstances in question</cd>. <i>Tylor.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The record or message so represented; as, the
<i>picture writing</i> of the American Indians.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Picture</u>, <u>Painting</u>.  Every kind of
representation by drawing or painting is a <i>picture</i>, whether
made with oil colors, water colors, pencil, crayons, or India ink;
strictly, a <i>painting</i> is a picture made by means of colored
paints, usually applied moist with a brush.</p>

<p><hw>Pic"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pictured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Picturing</u>.] <def>To draw or paint a resemblance of; to
delineate; to represent; to form or present an ideal likeness of; to
bring before the mind.</def> "I . . . do <i>picture</i> it in my
mind."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not seen him so <i>pictured</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pic"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
pictures; represented by a picture or pictures; as, a <i>pictured</i>
scene.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1084 !></p>

<p><hw>Pic"tur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
pictures; a painter.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pic`tur*esque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.
<i>pittoresco</i>: cf. F. <i>pittoresque</i>. See <u>Pictorial</u>.]
<def>Forming, or fitted to form, a good or pleasing picture;
representing with the clearness or ideal beauty appropriate to a
picture; expressing that peculiar kind of beauty which is agreeable in
a picture, natural or artificial; graphic; vivid; as, a
<i>picturesque</i> scene or attitude; <i>picturesque</i>
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What is <i>picturesque</i> as placed in relation to the
beautiful and the sublime? It is . . . the characteristic pushed into
a sensible excess.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pic`tur*esque"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pic`tur*esque"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pic`tur*esqu"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
picturesque.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pic"tur*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Picturized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Picturizing</u>.] [R.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with pictures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"ul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jav. &amp; Malay
<i>pikul</i>, fr. <i>pikul</i> to carry on the back, to carry a
burden; n., a man's burden.] <def>A commercial weight varying in
different countries and for different commodities. In Borneo it is
135&frac58; lbs.; in China and Sumatra, 133&frac12; lbs.; in Japan,
133&frac13; lbs.; but sometimes 130 lbs., etc. Called also, by the
Chinese, <i>tan</i>.</def> [Written also <i>pecul</i>, and
<i>pecal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pic"u*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<u>Picus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of very small
woodpeckers of the genus <i>Picumnus</i> and allied genera. Their tail
feathers are not stiff and sharp at the tips, as in ordinary
woodpeckers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pici</b></plw> (#). [L., a woodpecker.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of woodpeckers, including some of the common American and
European species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pid"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Piddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Piddling</u> (?).] [Cf. dial. Sw. <i>pittla</i> to keep picking at,
Sw. <i>peta</i> to pick.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deal in trifles;
to concern one's self with trivial matters rather than with those that
are important.</def>  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be squeamishly nice about one's
food.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To urinate; -- child's word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pid"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
piddles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pid"dling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos><def>Trifling; trivial;
frivolous; paltry; -- applied to persons and things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ignoble hucksterage of <i>piddling</i>
tithes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pid"dock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of Pholas; a pholad. See
<u>Pholas</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pie</i>, <i>pye</i>;
cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>pighe</i> pie, also Gael. <i>pige</i> an earthen
jar or pot.  Cf. <u>Piggin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An article of
food consisting of paste baked with something in it or under it; as,
chicken <i>pie</i>; venison <i>pie</i>; mince <i>pie</i>; apple
<i>pie</i>; pumpkin <i>pie</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Camp</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
5.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pie crust</b></col>, <cd>the paste of a pie.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Pie</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pie</i>, L. <i>pica</i>;
cf. <i>picus</i> woodpecker, <i>pingere</i> to paint; the bird being
perhaps named from its colors.  Cf. <u>Pi</u>, <u>Paint</u>,
<u>Speight</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A magpie.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
other species of the genus <i>Pica</i>, and of several allied
genera.</def> [Written also <i>pye</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The service
book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Pritn.)</i> <def>Type confusedly mixed. See
<u>Pi</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By cock and pie</b></col>, <cd>an adjuration equivalent to
"by God and the service book."</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Tree
pie</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any Asiatic bird of the genus
<i>Dendrocitta</i>, allied to the magpie.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
pie</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>French pie</i>, under
<u>French</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pie</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Pi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pie"bald`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pie</i> the party-
colored bird + <i>bald</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having spots and
patches of black and white, or other colors; mottled; pied.</def> "A
<i>piebald</i> steed of Thracian strain."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Mixed.</def> "<i>Piebald</i>
languages."  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Piece</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pece</i>, F.
<i>pi&egrave;ce</i>, LL. <i>pecia</i>, <i>petia</i>, <i>petium</i>,
probably of Celtic origin; cf. W. <i>peth</i> a thing, a part,
portion, a little, Armor. <i>pez</i>, Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>cuid</i> part,
share.  Cf. <u>Petty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fragment or part
of anything separated from the whole, in any manner, as by cutting,
splitting, breaking, or tearing; a part; a portion; as, a <i>piece</i>
of sugar; to break in <i>pieces</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bring it out <i>piece</i> by <i>piece</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ezek. xxiv. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A definite portion or quantity, as of goods
or work; as, a <i>piece</i> of broadcloth; a <i>piece</i> of wall
paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any one thing conceived of as apart from
other things of the same kind; an individual article; a distinct
single effort of a series; a definite performance</def>; especially:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A literary or artistic composition; as, a
<i>piece</i> of poetry, music, or statuary.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A musket, gun, or cannon; as, a battery of six <i>pieces</i>; a
following <i>piece</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A coin; as, a
sixpenny <i>piece</i>; -- formerly applied specifically to an English
gold coin worth 22 shillings.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A fact;
an item; as, a <i>piece</i> of news; a <i>piece</i> of
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An individual; -- applied to a person as
being of a certain nature or quality; often, but not always, used
slightingly or in contempt.</def> "If I had not been a <i>piece</i> of
a logician before I came to him."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy mother was a <i>piece</i> of virtue.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His own spirit is as unsettled a <i>piece</i> as there
is in all the world.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Chess)</i> <def>One of the superior men,
distinguished from a pawn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A castle; a fortified building.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Of a piece</b></col>, <cd>of the same sort, as if taken
from the same whole; like; -- sometimes followed by <i>with</i>.</cd>
<i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>Piece of eight</b></col>, <cd>the Spanish
piaster, formerly divided into eight reals.</cd> -- <col><b>To give a
piece of one's mind to</b></col>, <cd>to speak plainly, bluntly, or
severely to (another).</cd> <i>Thackeray.</i> -- <col><b>Piece
broker</b></col>, <cd>one who buys shreds and remnants of cloth to
sell again.</cd> -- <col><b>Piece goods</b></col>, <cd>goods usually
sold by pieces or fixed portions, as shirtings, calicoes, sheetings,
and the like.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Piece</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pieced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Piecing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make, enlarge, or
repair, by the addition of a piece or pieces; to patch; as, to
<i>piece</i> a garment; -- often with <i>out</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite; to join; to combine.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His adversaries . . . <i>pieced</i> themselves together
in a joint opposition against him.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Piece</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To unite by a
coalescence of parts; to fit together; to join.</def> "It
<i>pieced</i> better."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Piece"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not made of pieces;
whole; entire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Piece"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In pieces;
piecemeal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Piece"meal`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>pecemele</i>; <i>pece</i> a piece + AS. <i>m&?;lum</i>, dat. pl. of
<i>m&?;l</i> part. See <u>Meal</u> a portion.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In pieces; in parts or fragments.</def> "On which it
<i>piecemeal</i> brake."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The beasts will tear thee
<i>piecemeal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Piece by piece; by little and little in
succession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Piecemeal</i> they win, this acre first, than
that.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Piece"meal`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made up of parts or
pieces; single; separate.</def> "These <i>piecemeal</i> guilts."
<i>Gov. of Tongue.</i></p>

<p><hw>Piece"meal`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fragment; a
scrap.</def>  <i>R. Vaughan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Piece"mealed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Divided into
pieces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Piece"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who supplies rolls of wool to the slubbing machine in woolen
mills.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Piecer</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pie"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who pieces; a patcher.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A child employed in spinning mill to tie
together broken threads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Piece"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work done by
the piece or job; work paid for at a rate based on the amount of work
done, rather than on the time employed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reaping was <i>piecework</i>, at so much per
acre.</blockquote> <i>R. Jefferies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pied</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Pi</u>, or <u>Pie</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Pied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Pie</u> the party-
colored bird.] <def>Variegated with spots of different colors; party-
colored; spotted; piebald.</def> "<i>Pied</i> coats." <i>Burton.</i>
"Meadows trim with daisies <i>pied</i>." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pied antelope</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
bontebok.</cd> -- <col><b>Pied-billed grebe</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the dabchick.</cd> -- <col><b>Pied
blackbird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any Asiatic thrush of the
genus <i>Turdulus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pied finch</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The chaffinch.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The snow bunting</cd>. [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Pied flycatcher</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common
European flycatcher (<i>Ficedula atricapilla</i>). The male is black
and white.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pied"mont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>pied</i> foot +
<i>mont</i> mountain.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Noting the region of
foothills near the base of a mountain chain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pied"mont*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A manganesian kind of epidote, from <i>Piedmont</i>. See
<u>Epidote</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pied"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being pied.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pi&eacute;`douche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
It. <i>peduccio</i> console, corbel.] <def>A pedestal of small size,
used to support small objects, as busts, vases, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pied"stall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pedestal</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pie"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Piemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who makes or sells
pies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Piend</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>pind</i> a
peg.] <def>See <u>Peen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*e"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>plenus</i> full.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Full; having all the
instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pie"plant`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant (<i>Rheum Rhaponticum</i>) the leafstalks of which are acid, and
are used in making pies; the garden rhubarb.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pie"pou`dre</hw>, <hw>Pie"pow`der</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Lit., dustyfoot, i. e., dusty-footed dealers,
fr. F. <i>pied</i> foot + <i>poudreux</i> dusty.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>An ancient court of record in England, formerly incident to every
fair and market, of which the steward of him who owned or had the toll
was the judge.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pere</i>, OF.
<i>piere</i> a stone, F. <i>pierre</i>, fr. L. <i>petra</i>, Gr. &?;.
Cf. <u>Petrify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any detached mass of masonry, whether
insulated or supporting one side of an arch or lintel, as of a bridge;
the piece of wall between two openings.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any additional or auxiliary mass of masonry used to stiffen a
wall. See <u>Buttress</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A projecting wharf or landing
place.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Abutment pier</b></col>, <cd>the pier of a bridge next the
shore; a pier which by its strength and stability resists the thrust
of an arch.</cd> -- <col><b>Pier glass</b></col>, <cd>a mirror, of
high and narrow shape, to be put up between windows.</cd> --
<col><b>Pier table</b></col>, <cd>a table made to stand between
windows.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pier"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Wharfage</u>.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pierce</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pierced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Piercing</u> (?).] [OE. <i>percen</i>, F. <i>percer</i>, OF.
<i>percier</i>, <i>perchier</i>, <i>parchier</i>; perh. fr. (assumed)
LL. <i>pertusiare</i> for <i>pertusare</i>, fr. L. <i>pertundere</i>,
<i>pertusum</i>, to beat, push, bore through; <i>per</i> through +
<i>tundere</i> to beat: cf. OF. <i>pertuisier</i> to pierce, F.
<i>pertuis</i> a hole.  Cf. <u>Contuse</u>, <u>Parch</u>,
<u>Pertuse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To thrust into, penetrate, or
transfix, with a pointed instrument.</def> "I <i>pierce</i> . . . her
tender side."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To penetrate; to enter; to force a way into
or through; to pass into or through; as, to <i>pierce</i> the enemy's
line; a shot <i>pierced</i> the ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To penetrate; to affect deeply; as,
to <i>pierce</i> a mystery.</def> "<i>Pierced</i> with grief."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can no prayers <i>pierce</i> thee?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pierce</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To enter; to
penetrate; to make a way into or through something, as a pointed
instrument does; -- used literally and figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>pierced</i> to the skin, but bit no
more.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She would not <i>pierce</i> further into his
meaning.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pierce"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
pierced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pierced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Penetrated;
entered; perforated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pier"cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>perce</i>.]
<def>A kind of gimlet for making vents in casks; -- called also
<i>piercer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pier"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, pierces or perforates</def>;
specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument used in forming
eyelets; a stiletto.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
piercel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
ovipositor, or sting, of an insect.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
insect provided with an ovipositor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pier"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forcibly
entering, or adapted to enter, at or by a point; perforating;
penetrating; keen; -- used also figuratively; as, a <i>piercing</i>
instrument, or thrust.</def> "<i>Piercing</i> eloquence."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pier"cing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pier"cing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pi*e"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Pierius</i>,
from Mount <i>Pierus</i>, in Thessaly, sacred to the Muses.] <def>Of
or pertaining to Pierides or Muses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drink deep, or taste not the <i>Pierian</i>
spring.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"er*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Peirides</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any butterfly of the genus <i>Pieris</i> and
related genera. See <i>Cabbage butterfly</i>, under
<u>Cabbage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*er"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;. See <u>Pierian</u>.] <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The
Muses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"et</hw> (p&imacr;"&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<u>Pie</u> a magpie: cf. F. <i>piette</i> a smew.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The dipper, or water ouzel.</def> [Scot.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The magpie.</def> [Prov.Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Jay piet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European
jay.</cd> [Prov.Eng.] -- <col><b>Sea piet</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the oyster catcher.</cd> [Prov.Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pi*e*t&agrave;"</hw> (p&esl;*&asl;*t&auml;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A representation of
the dead Christ, attended by the Virgin Mary or by holy women and
angels.</def>  <i>Mollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"e*tism</hw> (p&imacr;"&esl;*t&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>pietismus</i>, F.
<i>pi&eacute;tisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The principle or
practice of the Pietists.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strict devotion; also, affectation of
devotion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Sch&ouml;ne Seele</i>, that ideal of gentle
<i>pietism</i>, in "Wilhelm Meister."</blockquote> <i>W.
Pater.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"e*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>pietist</i>, F. <i>pi&eacute;tiste</i>. See <u>Piety</u>.]
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a class of religious reformers in
Germany in the 17th century who sought to revive declining piety in
the Protestant churches; -- often applied as a term of reproach to
those who make a display of religious feeling. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pi`e*tis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Pi`e*tis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Pietists; hence, in
contempt, affectedly or demonstratively religious.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*e"tra du"ra</hw> (?). [It., hard stone.] <i>(Fine
Arts)</i> <def>Hard and fine stones in general, such as are used for
inlay and the like, as distinguished from the softer stones used in
building; thus, a Florentine mosaic is a familiar instance of work in
<i>pietra dura</i>, though the ground may be soft marble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pi&eacute;t&eacute;</i>; cf. It. <i>piet&agrave;</i>; both fr. L.
<i>pietas</i> piety, fr. <i>pius</i> pious. See <u>Pious</u>, and cf.
<u>Pity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Veneration or reverence of the
Supreme Being, and love of his character; loving obedience to the will
of God, and earnest devotion to his service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Piety</i> is the only proper and adequate relief of
decaying man.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Duty; dutifulness; filial reverence and
devotion; affectionate reverence and service shown toward parents,
relatives, benefactors, country, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conferred upon me for the <i>piety</i><BR>
Which to my country I was judged to have shown.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Religion; sanctity; devotion; godliness; holiness.
See <u>Religion</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pie"wipe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
note.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lapwing, or pewit.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pi`e*zom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to press
+ <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>pi&eacute;zom&egrave;tre</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring
the compressibility of liquids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A gauge connected with a
water main to show the pressure at that point.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Pif"fe*ro</hw> (?), <hw>||Pif"fa*ra</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>piffero</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A fife;
also, a rude kind of oboe or a bagpipe with an inflated skin for
reservoir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piggin.</def>
[Written also <i>pigg</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>big</i>,
<i>bigge</i>, LG. <i>bigge</i>, also Dan. <i>pige</i> girl, Sw.
<i>piga</i>, Icel. <i>p&imacr;ka</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
young of swine, male or female; also, any swine; a hog.</def> "Two
<i>pigges</i> in a poke."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any wild species of the
genus <i>Sus</i> and related genera.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Sow</u> a channel for melted iron.]
<def>An oblong mass of cast iron, lead, or other metal. See <i>Mine
pig</i>, under <u>Mine</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who is hoggish; a greedy person.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><col><b>Masked pig</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Masked</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pig bed</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>,
<cd>the bed of sand in which the iron from a smelting furnace is cast
into pigs.</cd> -- <col><b>Pig iron</b></col>, <cd>cast iron in pigs,
or oblong blocks or bars, as it comes from the smelting furnace. See
<u>Pig</u>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Pig yoke</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a nickname for a quadrant or sextant.</cd> -- <col><b>A pig in a
poke</b></col> (that is, <i>bag</i>), <cd>a blind bargain; something
bought or bargained for, without the quality or the value being
known.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Pig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pigged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pigging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth (pigs); to
bring forth in the manner of pigs; to farrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To huddle or lie together like pigs, in one
bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"geon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>pipio</i>
a young pipping or chirping bird, fr. <i>pipire</i> to peep, chirp.
Cf. <u>Peep</u> to chirp.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any bird of the order Columb&aelig;, of which numerous species
occur in nearly all parts of the world.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common domestic pigeon, or dove, was derived from the
Old World rock pigeon (<i>Columba livia</i>). It has given rise to
numerous very remarkable varieties, such as the carrier, fantail, nun,
pouter, tumbler, etc. The common wild pigeons of the Eastern United
States are the passenger pigeon, and the Carolina dove. See under
<u>Passenger</u>, and <u>Dove</u>. See, also, <i>Fruit pigeon</i>,
<i>Ground pigeon</i>, <i>Queen pigeon</i>, <i>Stock pigeon</i>, under
<u>Fruit</u>, <u>Ground</u>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unsuspected victim of sharpers; a
gull.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Blue pigeon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
Australian passerine bird (<i>Graucalus melanops</i>); -- called also
<i>black-faced crow</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Green pigeon</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of Old World
pigeons belonging to the family <i>Treronid&aelig;</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Imperial pigeon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
the large Asiatic fruit pigeons of the genus <i>Carpophada</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Pigeon berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the purplish black
fruit of the pokeweed; also, the plant itself. See
<u>Pokeweed</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pigeon English</b></col> [perhaps a
corruption of <i>business English</i>], <cd>an extraordinary and
grotesque dialect, employed in the commercial cities of China, as the
medium of communication between foreign merchants and the Chinese. Its
base is English, with a mixture of Portuguese and Hindoostanee.</cd>
<i>Johnson's Cyc.</i> -- <col><b>Pigeon grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a kind of foxtail grass (<i>Setaria glauca</i>), of some value as
fodder. The seeds are eagerly eaten by pigeons and other birds.</cd> -
- <col><b>Pigeon hawk</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small American falcon (<i>Falco
columbarius</i>). The adult male is dark slate-blue above, streaked
with black on the back; beneath, whitish or buff, streaked with brown.
The tail is banded.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The American sharp-
shinned hawk (<i>Accipiter velox, or fuscus</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Pigeon hole</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A hole for
pigeons to enter a pigeon house</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See
<u>Pigeonhole</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <cd>An old
English game, in which balls were rolled through little arches.</cd>
<i>Halliwell.</i> -- <col><b>Pigeon house</b></col>, <cd>a
dovecote.</cd> -- <col><b>Pigeon pea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
seed of <i>Cajanus Indicus</i>; a kind of pulse used for food in the
East and West Indies; also, the plant itself.</cd> -- <col><b>Pigeon
plum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the edible drupes of two West
African species of <i>Chrysobalanus</i> (<i>C. ellipticus</i> and
<i>C. luteus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Pigeon tremex</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Tremex</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pigeon wood</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name in the West
Indies for the wood of several very different kinds of trees, species
of <i>Dipholis</i>, <i>Diospyros</i>, and <i>Coccoloba</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pigeon woodpecker</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
flicker.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie pigeon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The upland plover</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The golden plover.</cd> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><! p. 1085 !></p>

<p><hw>Pi"geon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pluck; to
fleece; to swindle by tricks in gambling.</def> [Slang]
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He's <i>pigeoned</i> and undone.</blockquote>
<i>Observer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"geon-breast`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
breast like a pigeon, -- the sternum being so prominent as to
constitute a deformity; chicken-breasted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"geon*foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The dove's-foot geranium (<i>Geranium molle</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"geon-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Timid;
easily frightened; chicken-hearted.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"geon*hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
compartment in a desk or case for the keeping of letters, documents,
etc.; -- so called from the resemblance of a row of them to the
compartments in a dovecote.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"geon*hole`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place in
the pigeonhole of a case or cabinet; hence, to put away; to lay aside
indefinitely; as, to <i>pigeonhole</i> a letter or a report.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"geon-liv`ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pigeon-
hearted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"geon*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place for
pigeons; a dovecote.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"geon*toed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
toes turned in.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having small,
deep-set eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several species of salt-water
grunts; -- called also <i>hogfish</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A sculpin. The name is also applied locally to several other
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A marine fish (<i>Scorp&aelig;na porcus</i>), native of Europe.
It is reddish brown, mottled with dark brown and black.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pigg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piggin. See 1st
<u>Pig</u>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pig"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Piggeries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A place where swine are
kept.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.; cf. Gael.
<i>pigean</i>, dim. of <i>pigeadh</i>, <i>pige</i>, an earthen jar,
pitcher, or pot, Ir. <i>pigin</i>, <i>pighead</i>, W. <i>piccyn</i>.]
<def>A small wooden pail or tub with an upright stave for a handle, --
often used as a dipper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"gish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to, or
like, a pig; greedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a head
like a pig; hence, figuratively: stupidity obstinate; perverse;
stubborn.</def> <i>B. Jonson.</i> -- <wf>Pig"-head`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pight</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Pitch</u>,
to throw; -- used also adjectively. <def>Pitched; fixed;
determined.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[His horse] <i>pight</i> him on the pommel of his
head.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I found him <i>pight</i> to do it.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pigh"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pight</u>,
<u>Picle</u>.] <def>A small inclosure.</def> [Written also
<i>pightle</i>.] [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pig"-jawed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the upper jaw projecting beyond the lower, with the upper
incisors in advance of the lower; -- said of dogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig*me"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pygmean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pigmentum</i>,
fr. the root of <i>pingere</i> to paint: cf. F. <i>pigment</i>. See
<u>Paint</u>, and cf. <u>Pimento</u>, <u>Orpiment</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any material from which a dye, a paint, or the
like, may be prepared; particularly, the refined and purified coloring
matter ready for mixing with an appropriate vehicle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Any one of the colored
substances found in animal and vegetable tissues and fluids, as
bilirubin, urobilin, chlorophyll, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wine flavored with species and honey.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pigment cell</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>a small cell
containing coloring matter, as the pigmented epithelial cells of the
choroid and iris, or the pigmented connective tissue cells in the skin
of fishes, reptiles, etc.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pig*men"tal</hw> (?), <hw>Pig"men*ta*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to pigments; furnished with
pigments.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pigmentary degeneration</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
morbid condition in which an undue amount of pigment is deposited in
the tissues.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pig`men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A deposition, esp. an excessive deposition, of
coloring matter; as, <i>pigmentation</i> of the liver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"ment*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Colored;
specifically <i>(Biol.)</i>, filled or imbued with pigment; as,
<i>pigmented</i> epithelial cells; <i>pigmented</i>
granules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig*men"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pigmental.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pygmy</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pigmy falcon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Falconet</u>, 2 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pig"ner*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pigneratus</i>, p. p. of <i>pignerate</i> to pledge.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pledge or pawn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>to receive in pawn, as a pawnbroker
does.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pig`no*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>pignoratio</i>, L. <i>pigneratio</i>, fr. <i>pignerate</i> to
pledge, fr. <i>pignus</i>, gen. <i>-ous</i> and <i>-eris</i>, a
pledge, a pawn: cf. F. <i>pignoration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of pledging or pawning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>The taking of cattle
doing damage, by way of pledge, till satisfaction is made.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pig"no*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pignoratif</i>.] <def>Pledging, pawning.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pig"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pignora</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Rom. Law)</i> <def>A pledge or
pawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"nut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>See <u>Groundnut</u>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bitter-
flavored nut of a species of hickory (<i>Carya glabra, or
porcina</i>); also, the tree itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"pen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pen, or sty, for
pigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The skin of a
pig, -- used chiefly for making saddles; hence, a colloquial or slang
term for a saddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pigs"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. a dim. of Dan.
<i>pige</i> a girl, or Sw. <i>piga</i>; or from E. <i>pig's eye</i>.]
<def>A word of endearment for a girl or woman.</def> [Obs.] [Written
also <i>pigsnie</i>, <i>pigsny</i>, etc.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pig"-stick`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Boar
hunting; -- so called by Anglo-Indians.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Tackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pig"sty`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pigsties</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A pigpen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The tail of a pig.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hair Dressing)</i> <def>A cue, or
queue.</def>  <i>J. &amp; H. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of twisted chewing
tobacco.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tobacco he usually cheweth, called
<i>pigtail</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pig"tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a tail
like a pig's; as, the <i>pigtailed</i> baboon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name of several annual weeds. See <u>Goosefoot</u>, and <u>Lamb's-
quarters</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"wid`geon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>pigwidgin</i> and <i>pigwiggen</i>.] <def>A cant word for anything
petty or small. It is used by Drayton as the name of a
fairy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of rodents of the genus
<i>Lagomys</i>, resembling small tailless rabbits. They inhabit the
high mountains of Asia and America. Called also <i>calling hare</i>,
and <i>crying hare</i>. See <u>Chief hare</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pique</i>; perhaps
of Celtic origin; cf. W. <i>pig</i> a prick, a point, beak, Arm.
<i>pik</i> pick. But cf. also L. <i>picus</i> woodpecker (see
<u>Pie</u> magpie), and E. <i>spike</i>.  Cf. <u>Pick</u>, <pos><i>n.
& v.</i></pos>, <u>Peak</u>, <u>Pique</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A foot soldier's weapon, consisting of a long
wooden shaft or staff, with a pointed steel head. It is now superseded
by the bayonet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pointed head or spike; esp., one in the
center of a shield or target.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hayfork.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pick.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.
Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A pointed or peaked hill.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A large haycock.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A turnpike; a toll bar.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <pos><i>sing. &
pl.</i></pos> <def>A large fresh-water fish (<i>Esox lucius</i>),
found in Europe and America, highly valued as a food fish; -- called
also <i>pickerel</i>, <i>gedd</i>, <i>luce</i>, and
<i>jack</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Blue pike</i>, <i>grass pike</i>, <i>green pike</i>,
<i>wall-eyed pike</i>, and <i>yellow pike</i>, are names, not of true
pike, but of the wall-eye. See <u>Wall-eye</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Gar pike</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Gar</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pike perch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any fresh-water
fish of the genus <i>Stizostedion</i> (formerly <i>Lucioperca</i>).
See <u>Wall-eye</u>, and <u>Sauger</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pike
pole</b></col>, <cd>a long pole with a pike in one end, used in
directing floating logs.</cd> -- <col><b>Pike whale</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a finback whale of the North Atlantic
(<i>Bal&aelig;noptera rostrata</i>), having an elongated snout; --
called also <i>piked whale</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand pike</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the lizard fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea
pike</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the garfish
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Piked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a
pike; ending in a point; peaked; pointed.</def> "With their
<i>piked</i> targets bearing them down."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pike`-de*vant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pike</i>
point (fr. F. <i>pique</i>) + F. <i>devant</i> before.] <def>A pointed
beard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pike"let</hw> (?), <hw>Pike"lin</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light, thin cake or muffin.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pike"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pikeman</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A soldier
armed with a pike.</def>  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A miner who works with a pick.</def>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A keeper of a turnpike gate.</def>  <i>T.
Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pike"staff`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The staff, or shaft, of a pike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A staff with a spike in the lower end, to
guard against slipping.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pike"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Pintail</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pik"ro*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Picrolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pelage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*las"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pilastre</i>,
It. <i>pilastro</i>, LL. <i>pilastrum</i>, fr. L. <i>pila</i> a
pillar. See <u>Pillar</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An upright
architectural member right-angled in plan, constructionally a pier
(See <u>Pier</u>, 1 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>), but architecturally
corresponding to a column, having capital, shaft, and base to agree
with those of the columns of the same order. In most cases the
projection from the wall is one third of its width, or less.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*las"tered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
pilasters.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*lau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pillau</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pilch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>pylce</i>,
<i>pylece</i>, LL. <i>pellicia</i>. See <u>Pelisse</u>, and
<u>Pelt</u> skin.] <def>A gown or case of skin, or one trimmed or
lined with fur.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pil"chard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>pilseir</i>, W. <i>pilcod</i> minnows.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small European food fish (<i>Clupea pilchardus</i>) resembling the
herring, but thicker and rounder. It is sometimes taken in great
numbers on the coast of England.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fools are as like husbands as <i>pilchards</i> are to
herrings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pilch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Pilch</u>.]
<def>A scabbard, as of a sword.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pilch"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pilchard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"crow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<u>Paragraph</u>.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>a paragraph mark,
&para;.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pilus</i> hair.  Cf.
<u>Peruke</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hair; hence, the fiber of
wool, cotton, and the like; also, the nap when thick or heavy, as of
carpeting and velvet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Velvet soft, or plush with shaggy
<i>pile</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A covering of hair or
fur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pilum</i> javelin. See
<u>Pile</u> a stake.] <def>The head of an arrow or spear.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>p&imacr;l</i> arrow,
stake, L. <i>pilum</i> javelin; but cf. also L. <i>pila</i> pillar.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large stake, or piece of timber, pointed and
driven into the earth, as at the bottom of a river, or in a harbor
where the ground is soft, for the support of a building, a pier, or
other superstructure, or to form a cofferdam, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Tubular iron piles are now much used.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>pile</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of
the ordinaries or subordinaries having the form of a wedge, usually
placed palewise, with the broadest end uppermost.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pile bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge of which the roadway is
supported on piles.</cd> -- <col><b>Pile cap</b></col>, <cd>a beam
resting upon and connecting the heads of piles.</cd> -- <col><b>Pile
driver</b></col>, or <col><b>Pile engine</b></col>, <cd>an apparatus
for driving down piles, consisting usually of a high frame, with
suitable appliances for raising to a height (by animal or steam power,
the explosion of gunpowder, etc.) a heavy mass of iron, which falls
upon the pile.</cd> -- <col><b>Pile dwelling</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Lake dwelling</i>, under <u>Lake</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pile
plank</b></col> <i>(Hydraul. Eng.)</i>, <cd>a thick plank used as a
pile in sheet piling. See <i>Sheet piling</i>, under
<u>Piling</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pneumatic pile</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Pneumatic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw pile</b></col>, <cd>one with a
screw at the lower end, and sunk by rotation aided by
pressure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pile</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drive piles into; to
fill with piles; to strengthen with piles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sheet-pile</b></col>, <cd>to make sheet piling in or
around. See <i>Sheet piling</i>, under 2nd <u>Piling</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pile</i>, L. <i>pila</i>
a pillar, a pier or mole of stone.  Cf. <u>Pillar</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mass of things heaped together; a heap; as,
a <i>pile</i> of stones; a <i>pile</i> of wood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mass formed in layers; as, a <i>pile</i>
of shot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A funeral pile; a pyre.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A large building, or mass of
buildings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pile</i> o'erlooked the town and drew the
fight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Iron Manuf.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Fagot</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A vertical series of
alternate disks of two dissimilar metals, as copper and zinc, laid up
with disks of cloth or paper moistened with acid water between them,
for producing a current of electricity; -- commonly called <i>Volta's
pile</i>, <i>voltaic pile</i>, or <i>galvanic pile</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is sometimes applied to other forms of apparatus
designed to produce a current of electricity, or as synonymous with
<i>battery</i>; as, for instance, to an apparatus for generating a
current of electricity by the action of heat, usually called a
<i>thermopile</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> [F. <i>pile</i> pile, an engraved die, L.
<i>pila</i> a pillar.] <def>The reverse of a coin. See
<u>Reverse</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cross and pile</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cross</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Dry pile</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Dry</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pile</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Piled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Piling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay or throw into a pile or
heap; to heap up; to collect into a mass; to accumulate; to amass; --
often with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>pile</i> up wood.</def> "Hills
<i>piled</i> on hills." <i>Dryden.</i> "Life <i>piled</i> on life."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The labor of an age in <i>piled</i>
stones.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with heaps; or in great abundance;
to fill or overfill; to load.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To pile arms</b></col> or <col><b>muskets</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to place three guns together so that they may stand
upright, supporting each other; to stack arms.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pi"le*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Pi"le*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pileatus</i>, fr. <i>pileus</i> a felt cap
or hat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of a cap for the
head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a crest covering
the pileus, or whole top of the head.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pileated woodpecker</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
large American woodpecker (<i>Ceophloeus pileatus</i>). It is black,
with a bright red pointed crest. Called also <i>logcock</i>, and
<i>woodcock</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Piled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 2d <u>Pile</u>.]
<def>Having a pile or point; pointed.</def> [Obs.] "Magus threw a
spear well <i>piled</i>."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Piled</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 1d <u>Pile</u>.]
<def>Having a pile or nap.</def> "Three-<i>piled</i> velvet."  <i>L.
Barry (1611).</i></p>

<p><hw>Piled</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 6d <u>Pile</u>.]
<i>(Iron Manuf.)</i> <def>Formed from a pile or fagot; as,
<i>piled</i> iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*le"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pileus</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a pileus or cap;
pileate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pile"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Pile</u> to
lay into a heap.] <def>An accumulation; a heap.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1086 !></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*len"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pilenta</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An easy
chariot or carriage, used by Roman ladies, and in which the vessels,
etc., for sacred rites were carried.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi`le*o*rhi"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pilorhiz&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a cap + &?;
root.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cap of cells which covers the growing
extremity of a root; a rootcap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"le*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Pilous</u>.]
<def>Consisting of, or covered with, hair; hairy; pilose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who places
things in a pile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Piles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>pila</i> a
ball.  Cf. <u>Pill</u> a medicine.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The small,
troublesome tumors or swellings about the anus and lower part of the
rectum which are technically called <i>hemorrhoids</i>. See
<u>Hemorrhoids</u>. [The singular <singw><b><i>pile</i></b></singw> is
sometimes used.]</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blind piles</b></col>, <cd>hemorrhoids which do not
bleed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pi"le*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pilei</b></plw> (#). [L., a felt cap.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A kind of skull cap of felt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The expanded upper portion of
many of the fungi. See <u>Mushroom</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The top of the head of
a bird, from the bill to the nape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pile"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The teredo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pile"-worn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the pile
worn off; threadbare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pile"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant (<i>Ranunculus Ficaria</i> of Linn&aelig;us) whose tuberous
roots have been used in poultices as a specific for the piles.</def>
<i>Forsyth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pilfered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pilfering</u>.] [OF. <i>pelfrer</i>. See <u>Pelf</u>.] <def>To
steal in small quantities, or articles of small value; to practice
petty theft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"fer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take by petty
theft; to filch; to steal little by little.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And not a year but <i>pilfers</i> as he goes<BR>
Some youthful grace that age would gladly keep.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"fer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who pilfers;
a petty thief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"fer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thieving in a small
way.</def> <i>Shak.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Petty
theft.</def> -- <wf>Pil"fer*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pil"fer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Petty
theft.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil*gar"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>One who has lost his hair by disease; a sneaking fellow, or one
who is hardly used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"grim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pilgrim</i>,
<i>pelgrim</i>, <i>pilegrim</i>, <i>pelegrim</i>; cf. D.
<i>pelgrim</i>, OHG. <i>piligr&imacr;m</i>, G. <i>pilger</i>, F.
<i>p&egrave;lerin</i>, It. <i>pellegrino</i>; all fr. L.
<i>peregrinus</i> a foreigner, fr. <i>pereger</i> abroad; <i>per</i>
through + <i>ager</i> land, field. See <u>Per-</u>, and <u>Acre</u>,
and cf. <u>Pelerine</u>, <u>Peregrine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
wayfarer; a wanderer; a traveler; a stranger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strangers and <i>pilgrims</i> on the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xi. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who travels far, or in strange lands,
to visit some holy place or shrine as a devotee; as, a <i>pilgrim</i>
to Loretto; Canterbury <i>pilgrims</i>. See <u>Palmer</u>.</def>
<i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"grim</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
pilgrim, or pilgrims; making pilgrimages.</def> "With <i>pilgrim</i>
steps."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pilgrim fathers</b></col>, <cd>a name popularly given to
the one hundred and two English colonists who landed from the
Mayflower and made the first settlement in New England at Plymouth in
1620. They were separatists from the Church of England, and most of
them had sojourned in Holland.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pil"grim</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To journey; to
wander; to ramble.</def> [R.]  <i>Grew. Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"grim*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>pilgrimage</i>, <i>pelgrinage</i>; cf. F.
<i>p&egrave;lerinage</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The journey of a
pilgrim; a long journey; especially, a journey to a shrine or other
sacred place. Fig., the journey of human life.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The days of the years of my
<i>pilgrimage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xlvii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tedious and wearisome time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In prison hast thou spent a
<i>pilgrimage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Journey; tour; excursion. See <u>Journey</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pil"grim*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wander
as a pilgrim; to go on a pilgrimage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*lid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pildia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, dim. of &?; a cap.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The free-swimming, hat-shaped larva of
certain nemertean worms. It has no resemblance to its parent, and the
young worm develops in its interior.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*lif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Piliferous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Mammalia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pilus</i>
hair + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>pilif&egrave;re</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bearing a single slender bristle, or
hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Beset with hairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pilus</i> hair
+ <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling hairs or
down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*lig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pilus</i>
hair + <i>-gerous</i>: cf. F. <i>pilig&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Bearing
hair; covered with hair or down; piliferous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pile</u> a
heap.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of heaping up.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Iron Manuf.)</i> <def>The process of
building up, heating, and working, fagots, or piles, to form bars,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pile</u> a stake.]
<def>A series of piles; piles considered collectively; as, the
<i>piling</i> of a bridge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pug piling</b></col>, <cd>sheet piles connected together at
the edges by dovetailed tongues and grooves.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheet
piling</b></col>, <cd>a series of piles made of planks or half logs
driven edge to edge, -- used to form the walls of cofferdams,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Peel</u> skin, or
<u>Pillion</u>.] <def>The peel or skin.</def> [Obs.] "Some be covered
over with crusts, or hard <i>pills</i>, as the locusts."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be peeled; to peel
off in flakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>pilare</i> to
deprive of hair, and E. <i>pill</i>, n. (above).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To deprive of hair; to make bald.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To peel; to make by removing the
skin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Jacob] <i>pilled</i> white streaks . . . in the
rods.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxx. 37.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pilling</u>.] [F. <i>piller</i>, L. <i>pilare</i>; cf. It.
<i>pigliare</i> to take.  Cf. <u>Peel</u> to plunder.] <def>To rob; to
plunder; to pillage; to peel. See <u>Peel</u>, to plunder.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pillers and robbers were come in to the field to
<i>pill</i> and to rob.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Malroy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pilute</i>, L.
<i>pilula</i> a pill, little ball, dim. of L. <i>pila</i> a ball.  Cf.
<u>Piles</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A medicine in the form of a
little ball, or small round mass, to be swallowed whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, something offensive or
nauseous which must be accepted or endured.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pill beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any small
beetle of the genus <i>Byrrhus</i>, having a rounded body, with the
head concealed beneath the thorax.</cd> -- <col><b>Pill bug</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any terrestrial isopod of the genus
<i>Armadillo</i>, having the habit of rolling itself into a ball when
disturbed. Called also <i>pill wood louse</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pil"lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>piller</i>
to plunder. See <u>Pill</u> to plunder.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of pillaging; robbery.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is taken from another or others
by open force, particularly and chiefly from enemies in war; plunder;
spoil; booty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which <i>pillage</i> they with merry march bring
home.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Plunder; rapine; spoil; depredation.  --
<u>Pillage</u>, <u>Plunder</u>. <i>Pillage</i> refers particularly to
the act of stripping the sufferers of their goods, while
<i>plunder</i> refers to the removal of the things thus taken; but the
words are freely interchanged.</p>

<p><hw>Pil"lage</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pillaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pillaging</u> (?).] <def>To strip of money or goods by open
violence; to plunder; to spoil; to lay waste; as, to <i>pillage</i>
the camp of an enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mummius . . . took, <i>pillaged</i>, and burnt their
city.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"lage</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take spoil; to
plunder; to ravage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were suffered to <i>pillage</i> wherever they
went.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"la*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pillages.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>piler</i>F.
<i>pilier</i>, LL. <i>pilare</i>, <i>pilarium</i>, <i>pilarius</i>,
fr. L. <i>pila</i> a pillar. See <u>Pile</u> a heap.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The general and popular term for a firm,
upright, insulated support for a superstructure; a pier, column, or
post; also, a column or shaft not supporting a superstructure, as one
erected for a monument or an ornament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jacob set a <i>pillar</i> upon her grave.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xxxv. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The place . . . vast and proud,<BR>
Supported by a hundred <i>pillars</i> stood.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, that which resembles such a
pillar in appearance, character, or office; a supporter or mainstay;
as, the <i>Pillars</i> of Hercules; a <i>pillar</i> of the
state.</def> "You are a well-deserving <i>pillar</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By day a cloud, by night a <i>pillar</i> of
fire.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A portable ornamental
column, formerly carried before a cardinal, as emblematic of his
support to the church.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>The center of the volta,
ring, or manege ground, around which a horse turns.</def></p>

<p><col><b>From pillar to post</b></col>, <cd>hither and thither; to
and fro; from one place or predicament to another; backward and
forward.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Pillar saint</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Stylite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pillars of the fauces</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Fauces</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pil"lar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Having a
support in the form of a pillar, instead of legs; as, a <i>pillar</i>
drill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"lar-block`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See under
<u>Pillow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"lared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supported or
ornamented by pillars; resembling a pillar, or pillars.</def> "The
<i>pillared</i> arches." <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> "<i>Pillared</i> flame."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"lar*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
pillar.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"lar*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>See <u>Stylite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pil*lau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. &amp; Turk.
<i>pilau</i>.] <def>An Oriental dish consisting of rice boiled with
mutton, fat, or butter.</def> [Written also <i>pilau</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pilled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 3rd <u>Pill</u>.]
<def>Stripped of hair; scant of hair; bald.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Pilled</i> beard."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pilled"-gar"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pilgarlic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pill"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who pills or
plunders.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pill"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pilleries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Plunder; pillage.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>pillin</i>,
<i>pilliun</i> (akin to Gael. <i>pillean</i>, <i>pillin</i>), fr. Ir.
& Gael. <i>pill</i>, <i>peall</i>, a skin or hide, prob. fr. L.
<i>pellis</i>. See <u>Pell</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Fell</u>
skin.] <def>A panel or cushion saddle; the under pad or cushion of
saddle; esp., a pad or cushion put on behind a man's saddle, on which
a woman may ride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His [a soldier's] shank <i>pillion</i> without
stirrups.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"lo*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set in,
or punish with, the pillory; to pillory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pil"lo*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pillories</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>pilori</i>; cf. Pr.
<i>espitlori</i>, LL. <i>piloricum</i>, <i>pilloricum</i>,
<i>pellericum</i>, <i>pellorium</i>, <i>pilorium</i>,
<i>spilorium</i>; perhaps from a derivative of L. <i>speculari</i> to
look around, observe.  Cf. <u>Speculate</u>.] <def>A frame of
adjustable boards erected on a post, and having holes through which
the head and hands of an offender were thrust so as to be exposed in
front of it.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"lo*ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pilloried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pillorying</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>pilorier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To set in, or punish with, the pillory.</def> "Hungering for
Puritans to <i>pillory</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, to expose to public
scorn.</def>  <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pilwe</i>, AS.
<i>pyle</i>, fr. L. <i>pilvinus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything
used to support the head of a person when reposing; especially, a sack
or case filled with feathers, down, hair, or other soft
material.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Resty sloth] finds the down <i>pillow</i>
hard.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A piece of metal or wood,
forming a support to equalize pressure; a brass; a pillow block.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A block under the inner end
of a bowsprit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kind of plain, coarse fustian.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lace pillow</b></col>, <cd>a cushion used in making hand-
wrought lace.</cd> -- <col><b>Pillow bier</b></col> [OE.
<i>pilwebere</i>; cf. LG. <i>b&uuml;re</i> a pillowcase], <cd>a
pillowcase; pillow slip.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Pillow
block</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a block, or standard, for
supporting a journal, as of a shaft. It is usually bolted to the frame
or foundation of a machine, and is often furnished with journal boxes,
and a movable cover, or cap, for tightening the bearings by means of
bolts; -- called also <i>pillar block</i>, or <i>plumber
block</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pillow lace</b></col>, <cd>handmade lace
wrought with bobbins upon a lace pillow.</cd> -- <col><b>Pillow of a
plow</b></col>, <cd>a crosspiece of wood which serves to raise or
lower the beam.</cd> -- <col><b>Pillow sham</b></col>, <cd>an
ornamental covering laid over a pillow when not in use.</cd> --
<col><b>Pillow slip</b></col>, <cd>a pillowcase.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pil"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pillowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pillowing</u>.] <def>To rest or lay upon, or as upon, a pillow; to
support; as, to <i>pillow</i> the head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pillows</i> his chin upon an orient
wave.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"low*case`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A removable
case or covering for a pillow, usually of white linen or cotton
cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"lowed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided with a
pillow or pillows; having the head resting on, or as on, a
pillow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pillowed</i>on buckler cold and hard.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"low*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
pillow.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pill"-wil`let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from its
note.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The willet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pill"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any myriapod of the genus <i>Iulus</i> and allied genera which
rolls up spirally; a galleyworm. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Myriapod</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pill"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus <i>Pilularia</i>; minute aquatic
cryptograms, with small pill-shaped fruit; -- sometimes called
<i>peppergrass</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi`lo*car"pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From NL.
<i>Pilocarpus pennatifolius</i> jaborandi; L. <i>pilus</i> hair + Gr.
<grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit: cf. F. <i>pilocarpine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid extracted from jaborandi (<i>Pilocarpus
pennatifolius</i>) as a white amorphous or crystalline substance which
has a peculiar effect on the vasomotor system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*lose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pilosus</i>, fr.
<i>pilus</i> hair. See <u>Pile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hairy;
full of, or made of, hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heat-retaining property of the <i>pilose</i>
covering.</blockquote> <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Clothed thickly with
pile or soft down.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Covered with long, slender
hairs; resembling long hairs; hairy; as, <i>pilose</i>
pubescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pilosit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being pilose;
hairiness.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"lot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pilote</i>, prob.
from D. <i>peillood</i> plummet, sounding lead; <i>peilen</i>,
<i>pegelen</i>, to sound, measure (fr. D. &amp; G. <i>peil</i>,
<i>pegel</i>, a sort of measure, water mark) + <i>lood</i> lead, akin
to E. <i>lead</i>. The pilot, then, is the <i>lead</i> man, i. e., he
who throws the lead. See <u>Pail</u>, and <u>Lead</u> a metal.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One employed to steer a vessel;
a helmsman; a steersman.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a person duly qualified, and
licensed by authority, to conduct vessels into and out of a port, or
in certain waters, for a fixed rate of fees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: A guide; a director of
another through a difficult or unknown course.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for detecting the compass
error.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The cowcatcher of a locomotive.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Pilot balloon</b></col>, <cd>a small balloon sent up in
advance of a large one, to show the direction and force of the
wind.</cd> -- <col><b>Pilot bird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A bird found near the Caribbee Islands; -- so
called because its presence indicates to mariners their approach to
these islands.</cd> <i>Crabb.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The black-
bellied plover.</cd> [Local, U.S.] -- <col><b>Pilot boat</b></col>,
<cd>a strong, fast-sailing boat used to carry and receive pilots as
they board and leave vessels.</cd> -- <col><b>Pilot bread</b></col>,
<cd>ship biscuit.</cd> -- <col><b>Pilot cloth</b></col>, <cd>a coarse,
stout kind of cloth for overcoats.</cd> -- <col><b>Pilot
engine</b></col>, <cd>a locomotive going in advance of a train to make
sure that the way is clear.</cd> -- <col><b>Pilot fish</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A pelagic carangoid fish
(<i>Naucrates ductor</i>); -- so named because it is often seen in
company with a shark, swimming near a ship, on account of which
sailors imagine that it acts as a pilot to the shark</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The rudder fish (<i>Seriola zonata</i>).</cd>
-- <col><b>Pilot jack</b></col>, <cd>a flag or signal hoisted by a
vessel for a pilot.</cd> -- <col><b>Pilot jacket</b></col>, <cd>a pea
jacket.</cd> -- <col><b>Pilot nut</b></col> <i>(Bridge Building)</i>,
<cd>a conical nut applied temporarily to the threaded end of a pin, to
protect the thread and guide the pin when it is driven into a
hole.</cd> <i>Waddell.</i> -- <col><b>Pilot snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large North American
snake (<i>Coluber obsoleus</i>). It is lustrous black, with white
edges to some of the scales. Called also <i>mountain black
snake</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The pine snake.</cd> --
<col><b>Pilot whale</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Blackfish</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pi"lot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Piloted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Piloting</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>piloter</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
direct the course of, as of a ship, where navigation is
dangerous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: To guide, as through dangers
or difficulties.</def> "The art of <i>piloting</i> a state."
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"lot*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pilotage</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The pilot's skill or
knowledge, as of coasts, rocks, bars, and channels.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The compensation made or allowed to a
pilot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Guidance, as by a pilot.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pi"lot*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Pi"lot*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pilotage; skill in the duties of a
pilot.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 1087 !></p>

<p><hw>Pil"our</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piller; a
plunderer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pil"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pilose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An insect that
flies into a flame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to pills; resembling a pill or pills; as, a <i>pilular</i>
mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pilula</i> a
pill. See <u>Pill</u>.] <def>Like a pill; small; insignificant.</def>
[R.]  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pil"we</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pillow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like pile or wool.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*mar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>pi</i>num
<i>mar</i>itima, an old name for <i>P. Pinaster</i>, a pine which
yields galipot.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an
acid found in galipot, and isomeric with abietic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*mel"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fat.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
a substance obtained from certain fatty substances, and subsequently
shown to be a mixture of suberic and adipic acids.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Designating the acid proper
(C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>(CO<sub>2</sub>/H)<sub>2</sub>) which is
obtained from camphoric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pim"e*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fat.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>An apple-green mineral having a greasy feel. It is
a hydrous silicate of nickel, magnesia, aluminia, and iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Pimento</u>.]
<def>Wine flavored with spice or honey. See <u>Pigment</u>, 3.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pi*men"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Pimento</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*men"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>pimiento</i>,
<i>pimienta</i>; cf. Pg. <i>pimenta</i>, F. <i>piment</i>; all fr. L.
<i>pigmentum</i> a paint, pigment, the juice of plants; hence,
something spicy and aromatic. See <u>Pigment</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Allspice; -- applied both to the tree and its fruit. See
<u>Allspice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pim"li*co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The friar bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pimp</hw> (p&ibreve;mp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pimpant</i> smart, sparkish; perh. akin to <i>piper</i> to pipe,
formerly also, to excel.  Cf. <u>Pipe</u>.] <def>One who provides
gratification for the lust of others; a procurer; a pander.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pimp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pimped</u> (p&ibreve;mt; 215); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Pimping</u>.] <def>To procure women for the
gratification of others' lusts; to pander.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pim"per*nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pimprenelle</i>; cf. Sp. <i>pimpinela</i>, It. <i>pimpinella</i>;
perh. from LL. <i>bipinnella</i>, for <i>bipinnula</i> two-winged,
equiv. to L. <i>bipennis</i>; <i>bis</i> twice + <i>penna</i> feather,
wing.  Cf. <u>Pen</u> a feather.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the
genus <i>Anagallis</i>, of which one species (<i>A. arvensis</i>) has
small flowers, usually scarlet, but sometimes purple, blue, or white,
which speedily close at the approach of bad weather.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Water pimpernel</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Brookweed</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pim"pil*lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A West Indian name for the prickly pear (<i>Opuntia</i>); --
called also <i>pimploes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pim"pi*nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pimpernel</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The burnet saxifrage. See under
<u>Saxifrage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pimp"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>pimpelig</i>, <i>pimpelnd</i>, sickly, weak.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Little; petty; pitiful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Crabbe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Puny; sickly.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pim"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>p&imacr;pelian</i> to blister; cf. L. <i>papula</i> pimple.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any small acuminated elevation
of the cuticle, whether going on to suppuration or not.</def> "All
eyes can see a <i>pimple</i> on her nose."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A swelling or protuberance like a
pimple.</def> "A <i>pimple</i> that portends a future sprout."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pim"pled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
pimples.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pim"ply</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pimpled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pimp"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office,
occupation, or persom of a pimp.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Metal Working)</i>
<def>To peen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pen</u> to
confine, or <u>Pinfold</u>.] <def>To inclose; to confine; to pen; to
pound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pinne</i>, AS.
<i>pinn</i> a pin, peg; cf. D. <i>pin</i>, G. <i>pinne</i>, Icel.
<i>pinni</i>, W. <i>pin</i>, Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>pinne</i>; all fr. L.
<i>pinna</i> a pinnacle, pin, feather, perhaps orig. a different word
from <i>pinna</i> feather.  Cf. <u>Fin</u> of a fish, <u>Pen</u> a
feather.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of wood, metal, etc.,
generally cylindrical, used for fastening separate articles together,
or as a support by which one article may be suspended from another; a
peg; a bolt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>pins</i> of adamant<BR>
And chains they made all fast.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, a small, pointed and headed
piece of brass or other wire (commonly tinned), largely used for
fastening clothes, attaching papers, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a thing of small value; a
trifle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . did not care a <i>pin</i> for
her.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles a pin in its form or
use</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A peg in musical instruments,
for increasing or relaxing the tension of the strings.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A linchpin.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
rolling-pin.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A clothespin.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A short shaft, sometimes
forming a bolt, a part of which serves as a journal.</def> See
<i>Illust.</i> of <i>Knuckle joint</i>, under <u>Knuckle</u>.
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Joinery)</i> <def>The tenon of a dovetail
joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One of a row of pegs in the side of an
ancient drinking cup to mark how much each man should drink.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The bull's eye, or center, of a target;
hence, the center.</def> [Obs.] "The very <i>pin</i> of his heart
cleft."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Mood; humor.</def> [Obs.] "In merry
<i>pin</i>."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Caligo. See
<u>Caligo</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>An ornament, as a brooch or badge, fastened
to the clothing by a pin; as, a Masonic <i>pin</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The leg; as, to knock one off his
<i>pins</i>.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Banking pin</b></col> <i>(Horol.)</i>, <cd>a pin against
which a lever strikes, to limit its motion.</cd> -- <col><b>Pin
drill</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a drill with a central pin or
projection to enter a hole, for enlarging the hole, or for sinking a
recess for the head of a bolt, etc.; a counterbore.</cd> --
<col><b>Pin grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Alfilaria</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pin hole</b></col>, <cd>a small hole
made by a pin; hence, any very small aperture or perforation.</cd> --
<col><b>Pin lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock having a cylindrical bolt; a
lock in which pins, arranged by the key, are used instead of
tumblers.</cd> -- <col><b>Pin money</b></col>, <cd>an allowance of
money, as that made by a husband to his wife, for private and personal
expenditure.</cd> -- <col><b>Pin rail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
rail, usually within the bulwarks, to hold belaying pins. Sometimes
applied to the <i>fife rail</i>. Called also <i>pin rack</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pin wheel</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A contrate wheel
in which the cogs are cylindrical pins</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Fireworks)</i> <cd>A small coil which revolves on a common pin and
makes a wheel of yellow or colored fire.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pinned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pinning</u>.] [See <u>Pin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To fasten
with, or as with, a pin; to join; as, to <i>pin</i> a garment; to
<i>pin</i> boards together.</def> "As if she would <i>pin</i> her to
her heart."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To pin one's faith upon</b></col>, <cd>to depend upon; to
trust to.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pi"&ntilde;a cloth`</hw> (?). <def>A fine material for ladies'
shawls, scarfs, handkerchiefs, etc., made from the fiber of the
pineapple leaf, and perhaps from other fibrous tropical leaves. It is
delicate, soft, and transparent, with a slight tinge of pale
yellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"a*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
tablet + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A plane parallel to
two of the crystalline axes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*nac"o*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pinac</i>one +
L. <i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless oily liquid
related to the ketones, and obtained by the decomposition of pinacone;
hence, by extension, any one of the series of which pinacolin proper
is the type.</def> [Written also <i>pinacoline</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pin"a*cone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?;, &?;, a
tablet. So called because it unites with water so as to form tablet-
shaped crystals.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline substance
related to the glycols, and made from acetone; hence, by extension,
any one of a series of substances of which pinacone proper is the
type.</def> [Written also <i>pinakone</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pin`a*co*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pinacotheca</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, a picture + &?;
repisitory.] <def>A picture gallery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"a*fore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pin</i> +
<i>afore</i>.] <def>An apron for a child to protect the front part of
dress; a tier.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pin"a*ko*thek`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<def>Pinacotheca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*nas"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>pinus</i>
a pine.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of pine (<i>Pinus Pinaster</i>)
growing in Southern Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi"nax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pinaces</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?; tablet.] <def>A
tablet; a register; hence, a list or scheme inscribed on a
tablet.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pince`-nez"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pincer</i>
to pinch + <i>nez</i> nose.] <def>Eyeglasses kept on the nose by a
spring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"cers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pince</i> pinchers, fr. <i>pincer</i> to pinch. See <u>Pinch</u>,
<u>Pinchers</u>.] <def>See <u>Pinchers</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pinch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pinched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pinching</u>.] [F. <i>pincer</i>, probably fr. OD. <i>pitsen</i> to
pinch; akin to G. <i>pfetzen</i> to cut, pinch; perhaps of Celtic
origin.  Cf. <u>Piece</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To press hard or
squeeze between the ends of the fingers, between teeth or claws, or
between the jaws of an instrument; to squeeze or compress, as between
any two hard bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>o seize; to grip; to bite; -- said of
animals.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He [the hound] <i>pinched</i> and pulled her
down.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To plait.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Full seemly her wimple <i>ipinched</i>
was.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: To cramp; to straiten; to
oppress; to starve; to distress; as, to be <i>pinched</i> for
money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Want of room . . . <i>pinching</i> a whole
nation.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To move, as a railroad car, by prying the
wheels with a pinch. See <u>Pinch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pinch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
act with pressing force; to compress; to squeeze; as, the shoe
<i>pinches</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hunt.)</i> <def>To take hold; to grip, as a
dog does.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spare; to be niggardly; to be
covetous.</def>  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wretch whom avarice bids to <i>pinch</i> and
spare.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To pinch at</b></col>, <cd>to find fault with; to take
exception to.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Pinch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
close compression, as with the ends of the fingers, or with an
instrument; a nip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As much as may be taken between the finger
and thumb; any very small quantity; as, a <i>pinch</i> of
snuff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pian; pang.</def> "Necessary's sharp
<i>pinch</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A lever having a projection at one end,
acting as a fulcrum, -- used chiefly to roll heavy wheels, etc. Called
also <i>pinch bar</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At a pinch</b></col>, <col><b>On a pinch</b></col>, <cd>in
an emergency; as, he could <i>on a pinch</i> read a little
Latin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pinch"beck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be from the
name of the inventor; cf. It. <i>prencisbecco</i>.] <def>An alloy of
copper and zinc, resembling gold; a yellow metal, composed of about
three ounces of zinc to a pound of copper. It is much used as an
imitation of gold in the manufacture of cheap jewelry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pinch"beck</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of pinchbeck;
sham; cheap; spurious; unreal.</def> "A <i>pinchbeck</i> throne."
<i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pinch"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A clamp on a
flexible pipe to regulate the flow of a fluid through the
pipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"chem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European blue titmouse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pinch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, pinches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pinch"ers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [From
<u>Pinch</u>.] <def>An instrument having two handles and two grasping
jaws working on a pivot; -- used for griping things to be held fast,
drawing nails, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This spelling is preferable to <i>pincers</i>, both on
account of its derivation from the English <i>pinch</i>, and because
it represents the common pronunciation.</p>

<p><hw>Pinch"fist`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A closefisted
person; a miser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pinch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Compressing; nipping;
griping; niggardly; as, <i>pinching</i> cold; a <i>pinching</i>
parsimony.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pinching bar</b></col>, <cd>a pinch bar. See <u>Pinch</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Pinching nut</b></col>, <cd>a
check nut. See under <u>Check</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Pinch"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pinching
way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pinch"pen`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A miserly
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"coff*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Pincoff</i>, an English manufacturer.] <def>A commercial
preparation of garancin, yielding fine violet tints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pinc"pinc`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from its
note.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African wren warbler. (<i>Drymoica
textrix</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"cush`ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
cushion, in which pins may be stuck for use.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pin"dal</hw> (?), <hw>Pin"dar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>piendel</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
peanut (<i>Arachis hypog&aelig;a</i>); -- so called in the West
Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin*dar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Pindaricus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; (L. <i>Pindarus</i>) Pindar: cf.
F. <i>pindarique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Pindar, the Greek
lyric poet; after the style and manner of Pindar; as, <i>Pindaric</i>
odes.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Pindaric ode.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin*dar"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pindaric.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too extravagant and <i>Pindarical</i> for
prose.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pin"dar*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Imitation of
Pindar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"dar*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who imitates
Pindar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>pyndan</i> to
pen up, fr. <i>pund</i> a pound.] <def>One who impounds; a
poundkeeper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>p&imacr;n</i>, L.
<i>poena</i> penalty. See <u>Pain</u>.] <def>Woe; torment; pain.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Pyne</i> of hell."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pining</u>.] [AS. <i>p&imacr;nan</i> to torment, fr.
<i>p&imacr;n</i> torment. See 1st <u>Pine</u>, <u>Pain</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To inflict pain upon; to torment; to torture; to afflict.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That people that <i>pyned</i> him to
death.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One is <i>pined</i> in prison, another tortured on the
rack.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grieve or mourn for.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pine</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
suffer; to be afflicted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To languish; to lose flesh or wear away,
under any distress or anexiety of mind; to droop; -- often used with
<i>away</i>.</def> "The roses wither and the lilies <i>pine</i>."
<i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To languish with desire; to waste away with
longing for something; -- usually followed by <i>for</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For whom, and not for Tybalt, Juliet
<i>pined</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To languish; droop; flag; wither; decay.</p>

<p><hw>Pine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>p&imacr;n</i>, L.
<i>pinus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any tree of the
coniferous genus <i>Pinus</i>. See <u>Pinus</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are about twenty-eight species in the United States,
of which the <i>white pine</i> (<i>P. Strobus</i>), the <i>Georgia
pine</i> (<i>P. australis</i>), the <i>red pine</i> (<i>P.
resinosa</i>), and the great West Coast <i>sugar pine</i> (<i>P.
Lambertiana</i>) are among the most valuable. The <i>Scotch pine</i>
or <i>fir</i>, also called <i>Norway</i> or <i>Riga pine</i> (<i>Pinus
sylvestris</i>), is the only British species. The <i>nut pine</i> is
any pine tree, or species of pine, which bears large edible seeds. See
<u>Pinon</u>.</p>

<p>    The spruces, firs, larches, and true cedars, though formerly
considered pines, are now commonly assigned to other genera.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The wood of the pine tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pineapple.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ground pine</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Ground</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Norfolk Island pine</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a beautiful coniferous tree, the <i>Araucaria
excelsa</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine barren</b></col>, <cd>a tract of
infertile land which is covered with pines.</cd> [Southern U.S.] --
<col><b>Pine borer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any beetle whose
larv&aelig; bore into pine trees.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine
finch</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Pinefinch</u>, in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine grosbeak</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large grosbeak (<i>Pinicola
enucleator</i>), which inhabits the northern parts of both
hemispheres. The adult male is more or less tinged with red.</cd> --
<col><b>Pine lizard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small, very
active, mottled gray lizard (<i>Sceloporus undulatus</i>), native of
the Middle States; -- called also <i>swift</i>, <i>brown scorpion</i>,
and <i>alligator</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine marten</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A European weasel
(<i>Mustela martes</i>), called also <i>sweet marten</i>, and
<i>yellow-breasted marten</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
American sable. See <u>Sable</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of small tortricid
moths of the genus <i>Retinia</i>, whose larv&aelig; burrow in the
ends of the branchlets of pine trees, often doing great damage.</cd> -
- <col><b>Pine mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American
wild mouse (<i>Arvicola pinetorum</i>), native of the Middle States.
It lives in pine forests.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine needle</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>one of the slender needle-shaped leaves of a pine
tree. See <u>Pinus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine-needle wool</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Pine wool</i> (below).</cd> -- <col><b>Pine oil</b></col>,
<cd>an oil resembling turpentine, obtained from fir and pine trees,
and used in making varnishes and colors.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine
snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large harmless North
American snake (<i>Pituophis melanoleucus</i>). It is whitish, covered
with brown blotches having black margins. Called also <i>bull
snake</i>. The Western pine snake (<i>P. Sayi</i>) is chestnut-brown,
mottled with black and orange.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree of the genus <i>Pinus</i>; pine.</cd> --
<col><b>Pine-tree money</b></col>, <cd>money coined in Massachusetts
in the seventeenth century, and so called from its bearing a figure of
a pine tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine weevil</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of weevils whose
larv&aelig; bore in the wood of pine trees. Several species are known
in both Europe and America, belonging to the genera <i>Pissodes</i>,
<i>Hylobius</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine wool</b></col>, <cd>a fiber
obtained from pine needles by steaming them. It is prepared on a large
scale in some of the Southern United States, and has many uses in the
economic arts; -- called also <i>pine-needle wool</i>, and <i>pine-
wood wool</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pi"ne*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pinea</i> the
cone of a pine, from <i>pineus</i> of the pine, from <i>pinus</i> a
pine: cf. F. <i>pin&eacute;ale</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a pine
cone; resembling a pine cone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pineal gland</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a glandlike body
in the roof of the third ventricle of the vertebrate brain; -- called
also <i>pineal body</i>, <i>epiphysis</i>, <i>conarium</i>. In some
animals it is connected with a rudimentary eye, the so-called
<i>pineal eye</i>, and in other animals it is supposed to be the
remnant of a dorsal median eye.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1088 !></p>

<p><hw>Pine"ap`ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
tropical plant (<i>Ananassa sativa</i>); also, its fruit; -- so called
from the resemblance of the latter, in shape and external appearance,
to the cone of the pine tree. Its origin is unknown, though
conjectured to be American.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pine`as"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pinaster</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pine"-clad`</hw> (?), <hw>Pine"-crowned`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clad or crowned with pine trees; as,
<i>pine-clad</i> hills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pine"drops`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
reddish herb (<i>Pterospora andromedea</i>) of the United States,
found parasitic on the roots of pine trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pine"finch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small American bird (<i>Spinus, or
Chrysomitris, spinus</i>); -- called also <i>pine siskin</i>, and
<i>American siskin</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pine
grosbeak.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*nen"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a tablet + <i>-enchyma</i>, as in <i>parenchyma</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Tabular parenchyma, a form of cellular tissue in
which the cells are broad and flat, as in some kinds of
epidermis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pineries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pine
forest; a grove of pines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hothouse in which pineapples are
grown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pine"sap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
reddish fleshy herb of the genus <i>Monotropa</i> (<i>M.
hypopitys</i>), formerly thought to be parasitic on the roots of pine
trees, but more probably saprophytic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*ne"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a pine grove.]
<def>A plantation of pine trees; esp., a collection of living pine
trees made for ornamental or scientific purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pine"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
low, bushy, nearly leafless herb (<i>Hypericum Sarothra</i>), common
in sandy soil in the Eastern United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Piny</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ey</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Of East Indian origin.]
<def>A term used in designating an East Indian tree (the <i>Vateria
Indica</i> or piney tree, of the order <i>Dipterocarpe&aelig;</i>,
which grows in Malabar, etc.) or its products.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Piney dammar</b></col>, <col><b>Piney resin</b></col>,
<col><b>Piney varnish</b></col>, <cd>a pellucid, fragrant, acrid,
bitter resin, which exudes from the piney tree (<i>Vateria Indica</i>)
when wounded. It is used as a varnish, in making candles, and as a
substitute for incense and for amber. Called also <i>liquid copal</i>,
and <i>white dammar</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Piney tallow</b></col>, <cd>a
solid fatty substance, resembling tallow, obtained from the roasted
seeds of the <i>Vateria Indica</i>; called also <i>dupada
oil</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Piney thistle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
plant (<i>Atractylis gummifera</i>), from the bark of which, when
wounded, a gummy substance exudes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pin"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the stigma visible at the throad of a gamopetalous
corolla, while the stamens are concealed in the tube; -- said of
dimorphous flowers. The opposite of <i>thrum-eyed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"feath`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feather not
fully developed; esp., a rudimentary feather just emerging through the
skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"feath`ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having part,
or all, of the feathers imperfectly developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from their
sharp dorsal spines.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
sailor's choice (<i>Diplodus, or Lagodon, rhomboides</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The salt-water bream (<i>Diplodus
Holbrooki</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; Both are excellent food fishes, common on the coast of the
United States south of Cape Hatteras. The name is also applied to
other allied species.</p>

<p><hw>Pin"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>pindfold</i>.
See <u>Pinder</u>, <u>Pound</u> an inclosure, and <u>Fold</u> an
inclosure.] <def>A place in which stray cattle or domestic animals are
confined; a pound; a penfold.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A parish <i>pinfold</i> begirt by its high
hedge.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of imitative
origin.] <def>The sound made by a bullet in striking a solid object or
in passing through the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ping</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pinged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pinging</u>.] <def>To make the sound called <i>ping</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps fr. <i>pin</i>
to impound.] <def>A small piece of inclosed ground.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ping"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pinkster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin*guic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>pinguiculus</i> somewhat fat, fattish.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Butterwort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"guid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pinguis</i>
fat.] <def>Fat; unctuous; greasy.</def> [Obs.] "Some clays are more
<i>pinguid</i>."  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pin*guid"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pinguedo</i> fatness, fr. <i>pinguis</i> fat.] <def>Containing fat;
fatty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pin"gui*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pinguitudo</i>, from <i>pinguis</i> fat.] <def>Fatness; a growing
fat; obesity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pin"hold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where a
pin is fixed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"nic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pinus</i> pine.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the pine; obtained from the
pine; formerly, designating an acid which is the chief constituent of
common resin, -- now called <i>abietic</i>, or <i>sylvic</i>,
<i>acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Languishing; drooping; wasting away, as with longing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wasting; consuming.</def> "The
<i>pining</i> malady of France."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pining
manner; droopingly.</def>  <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A moth of the genus <i>Lithophane</i>, as <i>L. antennata</i>,
whose larva bores large holes in young peaches and apples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pignon</i> a pen,
F., gable, pinion (in sense 5); cf. Sp. <i>pi&ntilde;on</i> pinion;
fr. L. <i>pinna</i> pinnacle, feather, wing. See <u>Pin</u> a peg, and
cf. <u>Pen</u> a feather, <u>Pennat</u>, <u>Pennon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A feather; a quill.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wing, literal or figurative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Swift on his sooty <i>pinions</i> flits the
gnome.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The joint of bird's wing most remote from
the body.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A fetter for the arm.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A cogwheel with a small
number of teeth, or leaves, adapted to engage with a larger wheel, or
rack (see <u>Rack</u>); esp., such a wheel having its leaves formed of
the substance of the arbor or spindle which is its axis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lantern pinion</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Lantern</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pinion wire</b></col>, <cd>wire fluted
longitudinally, for making the pinions of clocks and watches. It is
formed by being drawn through holes of the shape required for the
leaves or teeth of the pinions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pinioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pinioning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind or confine the
wings of; to confine by binding the wings.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disable by cutting off the pinion
joint.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To disable or restrain, as a person, by
binding the arms, esp. by binding the arms to the body.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her elbows <i>pinioned</i> close upon her
hips.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, generally, to confine; to bind; to
tie up.</def> "<i>Pinioned</i> up by formal rules of state."
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having wings or
pinions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any winged creature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>Pini</i>, a mine in Saxony.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A compact granular
cryptocrystalline mineral of a dull grayish or greenish white color.
It is a hydrous alkaline silicate, and is derived from the alteration
of other minerals, as iolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pinus</i> the
pine tree.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Any fossil wood
which exhibits traces of having belonged to the Pine family.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sweet white crystalline
substance extracted from the gum of a species of pine (<i>Pinus
Lambertina</i>). It is isomeric with, and resembles,
quercite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>pink</i>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel with a very narrow stern; -- called also
<i>pinky</i>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pink stern</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a narrow
stern.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pink</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [D. <i>pinken</i>,
<i>pinkoogen</i>, to blink, twinkle with the eyes.] <def>To wink; to
blink.</def> [Obs.]  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pink</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half-shut; winking.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pinked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pinking</u>.] [OE. <i>pinken</i> to prick, probably a nasalized
form of <i>pick</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pierce with small
holes; to cut the edge of, as cloth or paper, in small scallops or
angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stab; to pierce as with a sword.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To choose; to cull; to pick out.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stab.</def>
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. akin to <i>pick</i>; as
if the edges of the petals were picked out.  Cf. <u>Pink</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name
given to several plants of the caryophyllaceous genus <i>Dianthus</i>,
and to their flowers, which are sometimes very fragrant and often
double in cultivated varieties. The species are mostly perennial
herbs, with opposite linear leaves, and handsome five-petaled flowers
with a tubular calyx.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A color resulting from the combination of a
pure vivid red with more or less white; -- so called from the common
color of the flower.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything supremely excellent; the
embodiment or perfection of something.</def> "The very <i>pink</i> of
courtesy."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European minnow; --
so called from the color of its abdomen in summer.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Bunch pink</b></col><cd> is <i>Dianthus barbatus</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>China</b></col>, or <col><b>Indian</b></col>,
<col><b>pink</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>China</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Clove pink</b></col><cd> is <i>Dianthus Caryophyllus</i>, the
stock from which carnations are derived.</cd> -- <col><b>Garden
pink</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Pheasant's eye</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow
pink</b></col><cd> is applied to <i>Dianthus deltoides</i>; also, to
the ragged robin.</cd> -- <col><b>Maiden pink</b></col>,
<cd><i>Dianthus deltoides</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Moss pink</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Moss</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pink needle</b></col>,
<cd>the pin grass; -- so called from the long, tapering points of the
carpels. See <u>Alfilaria</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea pink</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Thrift</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pink</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling the garden pink
in color; of the color called <i>pink</i> (see 6th <u>Pink</u>, 2);
as, a <i>pink</i> dress; <i>pink</i> ribbons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pink eye</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a popular name for an
epidemic variety of ophthalmia, associated with early and marked
redness of the eyeball.</cd> -- <col><b>Pink salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.
& Dyeing)</i>, <cd>the double chlorides of (stannic) tin and ammonium,
formerly much used as a mordant for madder and cochineal.</cd> --
<col><b>Pink saucer</b></col>, <cd>a small saucer, the inner surface
of which is covered with a pink pigment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pinked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pierced with small
holes; worked in eyelets; scalloped on the edge.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pink"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pink</i> half-
shut + <i>eye</i>.] <def>Having small eyes.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pink"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of piercing or stabbing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or method of decorating fabrics or
garments with a pinking iron; also, the style of decoration; scallops
made with a pinking iron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pinking iron</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An
instrument for scalloping the edges of ribbons, flounces, etc.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A sword.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Pink"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
pink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pink"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being pink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pink"root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The root of <i>Spigelia Marilandica</i>, used as a
powerful vermifuge; also, that of <i>S. Anthelmia</i>. See definition
2 (below).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
perennial North American herb (<i>Spigelia Marilandica</i>), sometimes
cultivated for its showy red blossoms. Called also <i>Carolina
pink</i>, <i>Maryland pinkroot</i>, and <i>worm grass</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An annual South American and West Indian
plant (<i>Spigelia Anthelmia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pink"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>pinkster</i>,
<i>pinksteren</i>, fr. Gr. &?;. See <u>Pentecost</u>.]
<def>Whitsuntide.</def> [Written also <i>pingster</i> and
<i>pinxter</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Pinkster flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the rosy
flower of the <i>Azalea nudiflora</i>; also, the shrub itself; --
called also <i>Pinxter blomachee</i> by the New York descendants of
the Dutch settlers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pink" stern`</hw> (?). [See 1st <u>Pink</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <u>Chebacco</u>, and 1st <u>Pink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pink"-sterned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Pink</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Having a very narrow stern; -- said
of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pink"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
1st <u>Pink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pin"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pinn&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Pinnas</b></plw> (#).
[L., a feather.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A leaflet of a pinnate leaf. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Bipinnate
leaf</i>, under <u>Bipinnate</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One
of the primary divisions of a decompound leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the divisions of
a pinnate part or organ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [L. <i>pinna</i>, akin to Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of <i>Pinna</i>, a genus of large
bivalve mollusks found in all warm seas. The byssus consists of a
large number of long, silky fibers, which have been used in
manufacturing woven fabrics, as a curiosity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The auricle of the ear. See
<u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"nace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pinasse</i>; cf.
It. <i>pinassa</i>, <i>pinazza</i>, Sp. <i>pinaza</i>; all from L.
<i>pinus</i> a pine tree, anything made of pine, e.g., a ship.  Cf.
<u>Pine</u> a tree.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small vessel propelled by sails or oars,
formerly employed as a tender, or for coast defence; -- called
originally, <i>spynace</i> or <i>spyne</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A man-of-war's boat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whilst our <i>pinnace</i> anchors in the
Downs.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A procuress; a pimp.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pin"na*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pinacle</i>,
F. <i>pinacle</i>, L. <i>pinnaculum</i>, fr. <i>pinna</i> pinnacle,
feather. See <u>Pin</u> a peg.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>An architectural member, upright, and generally ending in a small
spire, -- used to finish a buttress, to constitute a part in a
proportion, as where pinnacles flank a gable or spire, and the like.
Pinnacles may be considered primarily as added weight, where it is
necessary to resist the thrust of an arch, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some renowned metropolis<BR>
With glistering spires and <i>pinnacles</i> around.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a pinnacle; a lofty
peak; a pointed summit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Three silent <i>pinnacles</i> of aged
snow.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The slippery tops of human state,<BR>
The gilded <i>pinnacles</i> of fate.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pin"na*cle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pinnacled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pinnacling</u> (?).] <def>To build or furnish with a pinnacle or
pinnacles.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pin"nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pinfold</u>.]
<def>Poundage of cattle. See <u>Pound</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pin"nate</hw> (?), <hw>Pin"na*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pinnatus</i> feathered, fr. <i>pinna</i> a
feather. See <u>Pin</u> a peg, <u>Pen</u> feather.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Consisting of several leaflets, or separate
portions, arranged on each side of a common petiole, as the leaves of
a rosebush, a hickory, or an ash. See <i>Abruptly pinnate</i>, and
<i>Illust.</i>, under <u>Abruptly</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a winglike tuft
of long feathers on each side of the neck.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pinnated grouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
prairie chicken.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pin"nate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pinnate
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin*nat"i*fid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pinnatus</i> feathered + root of <i>findere</i> to split: cf. F.
<i>pinnatifide</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided in a pinnate manner,
with the divisions not reaching to the midrib.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin*nat`i*lo"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pinnate</u>, and <u>Lobate</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having lobes
arranged in a pinnate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin*nat"i*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pinnatus</i> feathered + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i> foot: cf. F.
<i>pinnatip&egrave;de</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the toes
bordered by membranes; fin-footed, as certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin*nat"i*ped</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any bird which has the toes bordered by membranes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, pins or fastens, as with pins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Costume)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
headdress like a cap, with long lappets.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An apron with a bib; a pinafore.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
cloth band for a gown.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With kerchief starched, and <i>pinners</i>
clean.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pin maker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ner</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pin</u> to pound.]
<def>One who pins or impounds cattle. See <u>Pin</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pin"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pinnacle.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ni*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pinna</i>
feather, fin + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like a fin or feather.</def>
<i>Sir J. Hill.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pin`ni*gra"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>pinna</i> a feather + <i>gradi</i> to walk, move.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pinnipedia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ni*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An animal of the seal tribe, moving by short feet that serve as
paddles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ni*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pinna</i>
feather, fin + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a foot: cf. F.
<i>pinnip&egrave;de</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One of the Pinnipedia; a seal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One
of the Pinnipedes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pin*nip"e*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Steganopodes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pin`ni*pe"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. So
called because their webbed feet are used as paddles or fins.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of aquatic carnivorous mammals
including the seals and walruses; -- opposed to
<i>Fissipedia</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1089 !></p>

<p><hw>Pin"nock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hedge sparrow.</def>
[Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The tomtit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"no*there</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a pinna +
&?; an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A crab of the genus
<i>pinnotheres</i>. See <i>Oyster crab</i>, under
<u>Oyster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"nu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pinnul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>Same as
<u>Pinnule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"nu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pinnule</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having each pinna subdivided; --
said of a leaf, or of its pinn&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"nu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having pinnules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"nule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pinnula</i>,
dim. of <i>pinna</i> feather: cf. F. <i>pinnule</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the small divisions of a
decompound frond or leaf. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Bipinnate leaf</i>,
under <u>Bipinnate</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of
small, slender organs, or parts, when arranged in rows so as to have a
plumelike appearance; as, a <i>pinnule</i> of a gorgonia; the
<i>pinnules</i> of a crinoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ny*win`kles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>An
instrument of torture, consisting of a board with holes into which the
fingers were pressed, and fastened with pegs.</def> [Written also
<i>pilliewinkles</i>.] [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pin"o*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Penuchle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*nole"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An aromatic powder used in Italy in the manufacture of
chocolate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Parched maize, ground, and mixed with
sugar, etc. Mixed with water, it makes a nutritious
beverage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi&ntilde;"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>pi&ntilde;on</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
edible seed of several species of pine; also, the tree producing such
seeds, as <i>Pinus Pinea</i> of Southern Europe, and <i>P. Parryana,
cembroides, edulis, and monophylla</i>, the nut pines of Western North
America.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>See <u>Monkey's
puzzle</u>.</def> [Written also <i>pignon</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pin"patch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The common English periwinkle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pinte</i>, F.
<i>pinte</i>, fr. Sp. <i>pinta</i> spot, mark, pint, fr. <i>pintar</i>
to paint; a mark for a pint prob. having been made on or in a larger
measure. See <u>Paint</u>.] <def>A measure of capacity, equal to half
a quart, or four gills, -- used in liquid and dry measures. See
<u>Quart</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
laughing gull.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pin*ta"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pintados</b></plw> (#). [Sp., painted, fr. <i>pintar</i> to
paint.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird of the genus <i>Numida</i>.
Several species are found in Africa. The common pintado, or Guinea
fowl, the helmeted, and the crested pintados, are the best known. See
<i>Guinea fowl</i>, under <u>Guinea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A northern duck (<i>Dafila acuta</i>), native
of both continents. The adult male has a long, tapering tail. Called
also <i>gray duck</i>, <i>piketail</i>, <i>piket-tail</i>, <i>spike-
tail</i>, <i>split-tail</i>, <i>springtail</i>, <i>sea pheasant</i>,
and <i>gray widgeon</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sharp-tailed grouse
of the great plains and Rocky Mountains (<i>Pedioc&aelig;tes
phasianellus</i>); -- called also <i>pintailed grouse</i>,
<i>pintailed chicken</i>, <i>springtail</i>, and
<i>sharptail</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having a tapered tail, with the middle feathers longest; -- said
of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A diminutive of
<u>Pin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little pin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>An upright pivot pin</def>;
as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The pivot pin of a hinge.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A hook or pin on which a rudder hangs and
turns.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A pivot about which the chassis
swings, in some kinds of gun carriages.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>A kingbolt of a wagon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"tos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Pinto</b></singw> (&?;). [Sp., painted, mottled.]
<i>(Eyhnol.)</i> <def>A mountain tribe of Mexican Indians living near
Acapulco. They are remarkable for having the dark skin of the face
irregularly spotted with white. Called also <i>speckled
Indians</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pinnule</u>.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the sights of an astrolabe.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pi"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a pine tree.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large genus of evergreen coniferous trees, mostly
found in the northern hemisphere. The genus formerly included the
firs, spruces, larches, and hemlocks, but is now limited to those
trees which have the primary leaves of the branchlets reduced to mere
scales, and the secondary ones (<i>pine needles</i>) acicular, and
usually in fascicles of two to seven. See <u>Pine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
plant of the genus <i>Lechea</i>, low North American herbs with
branching stems, and very small and abundant leaves and
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small nematoid worm (<i>Oxyurus vermicularis</i>), which is
parasitic chiefly in the rectum of man. It is most common in children
and aged persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pinx"it</hw> (?). [L., perfect indicative 3d sing. of
<i>pingere</i> to paint.] <def>A word appended to the artist's name or
initials on a painting, or engraved copy of a painting; as, <i>Rubens
pinxit</i>, Rubens painted (this).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pinx"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pinkster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
pines.</def> [Written also <i>piney</i>.] "The <i>piny</i> wood."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"o*ned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A Shakespearean
word of disputed meaning; perh., "abounding in marsh
marigolds."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy banks with <i>pioned</i> and twilled
brims.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi`o*neer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pionier</i>,
orig., a foot soldier, OF. <i>peonier</i>, fr. OF. <i>peon</i> a foot
soldier, F. <i>pion</i>. See <u>Pawn</u> in chess.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A soldier detailed or employed to form roads, dig
trenches, and make bridges, as an army advances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who goes before, as into the
wilderness, preparing the way for others to follow; as,
<i>pioneers</i> of civilization; <i>pioneers</i> of reform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi`o*neer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pioneered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Pioneering</u>.] <def>To go before, and prepare or
open a way for; to act as pioneer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi`o*ner"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pioneer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Peony</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Piet</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The magpie.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pius</i>: cf. F.
<i>pieux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to piety;
exhibiting piety; reverential; dutiful; religious; devout;
godly.</def> "<i>Pious</i> hearts." <i>Milton.</i> "<i>Pious</i>
poetry." <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where was the martial brother's <i>pious</i>
care?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Practiced under the pretext of religion;
prompted by mistaken piety; as, <i>pious</i> errors; <i>pious</i>
frauds.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Godly; devout; religious; righteous.</p>

<p><hw>Pi"ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pious
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pippe</i>, D.
<i>pip</i>, or F. <i>p&eacute;pie</i>; from LL. <i>pipita</i>, fr. L.
<i>pituita</i> slime, phlegm, rheum, in fowls, the pip.  Cf.
<u>Pituite</u>.] <def>A contagious disease of fowls, characterized by
hoarseness, discharge from the nostrils and eyes, and an accumulation
of mucus in the mouth, forming a "scale" on the tongue. By some the
term <i>pip</i> is restricted to this last symptom, the disease being
called <i>roup</i> by them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly <i>pippin</i>,
<i>pepin</i>.  Cf. <u>Pippin</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A seed, as of an
apple or orange.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. for <i>pick</i>, F.
<i>pique</i> a spade at cards, a pike.  Cf. <u>Pique</u>.] <def>One of
the conventional figures or "spots" on playing cards, dominoes,
etc.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pip</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pipping</u>.] [See <u>Peep</u>.] <def>To cry or chirp, as a
chicken; to peep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To hear the chick <i>pip</i> and cry in the
egg.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi*pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pipas</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Surinam
toad (<i>Pipa Americana</i>), noted for its peculiar breeding
habits.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The male places the eggs on the back of the female, where
they soon become inclosed in capsules formed by the thickening of the
skin. The incubation of the eggs takes place in the capsules, and the
young, when hatched, come forth with well developed legs.</p>

<p><hw>Pip"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Transportation, as
of petroleum oil, by means of a pipe conduit; also, the charge for
such transportation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"pal tree`</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>Peepul
tree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>p&imacr;pe</i>,
probably fr. L. <i>pipare</i>, <i>pipire</i>, to chirp; of imitative
origin.  Cf. <u>Peep</u>, <u>Pibroch</u>, <u>Fife</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wind instrument of music, consisting of a
tube or tubes of straw, reed, wood, or metal; any tube which produces
musical sounds; as, a shepherd's <i>pipe</i>; the <i>pipe</i> of an
organ.</def> "Tunable as sylvan <i>pipe</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now had he rather hear the tabor and the
<i>pipe</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any long tube or hollow body of wood,
metal, earthenware, or the like: especially, one used as a conductor
of water, steam, gas, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small bowl with a hollow steam, -- used
in smoking tobacco, and, sometimes, other substances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A passageway for the air in speaking and
breathing; the windpipe, or one of its divisions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The key or sound of the voice.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The peeping whistle, call, or note of a
bird.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earliest <i>pipe</i> of half-awakened
birds.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The bagpipe; as, the
<i>pipes</i> of Lucknow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>An elongated body or vein
of ore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A roll formerly used in the English
exchequer, otherwise called the <i>Great Roll</i>, on which were taken
down the accounts of debts to the king; -- so called because put
together like a pipe.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A boatswain's whistle, used
to call the crew to their duties; also, the sound of it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>pipe</i>, fr. <i>pipe</i> a wind
instrument, a tube, fr. L. <i>pipare</i> to chirp. See Etymol. above.]
<def>A cask usually containing two hogsheads, or 126 wine gallons;
also, the quantity which it contains.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pipe fitter</b></col>, <cd>one who fits pipes together, or
applies pipes, as to an engine or a building.</cd> -- <col><b>Pipe
fitting</b></col>, <cd>a piece, as a coupling, an elbow, a valve,
etc., used for connecting lengths of pipe or as accessory to a
pipe.</cd> -- <col><b>Pipe office</b></col>, <cd>an ancient office in
the Court of Exchequer, in which the clerk of the pipe made out leases
of crown lands, accounts of cheriffs, etc.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Pipe
tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the lilac and the mock orange; -- so
called because their were formerly used to make pipe stems; -- called
also <i>pipe privet</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pipe wrench</b></col>, or
<col><b>Pipetongs</b></col>, <cd>a jawed tool for gripping a pipe, in
turning or holding it.</cd> -- <col><b>To smoke the pipe of
peace</b></col>, <cd>to smoke from the same pipe in token of amity or
preparatory to making a treaty of peace, -- a custom of the American
Indians.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pipe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
play on a pipe, fife, flute, or other tubular wind instrument of
music.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have <i>piped</i> unto you, and ye have not
danced.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xi. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To call, convey orders,
etc., by means of signals on a pipe or whistle carried by a
boatswain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To emit or have a shrill sound like that of
a pipe; to whistle.</def> "Oft in the <i>piping</i> shrouds."
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To become hollow in the
process of solodifying; -- said of an ingot, as of steel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Piped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Piping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perform, as a tune, by
playing on a pipe, flute, fife, etc.; to utter in the shrill tone of a
pipe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A robin . . . was <i>piping</i> a few querulous
notes.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To call or direct, as a
crew, by the boatswain's whistle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As fine a ship's company as was ever <i>piped</i>
aloft.</blockquote> <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish or equip with pipes; as, to
<i>pipe</i> an engine, or a building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pipe" clay`</hw> (kl&amacr;`). <def>A plastic, unctuous clay of
a grayish white color, -- used in making tobacco pipes and various
kinds of earthenware, in scouring cloth, and in cleansing soldiers'
equipments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pipe"clay`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To whiten or clean with pipe clay, as a soldier's
accouterments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clear off; as, to <i>pipeclay</i>
accounts.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Piped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed with a pipe;
having pipe or pipes; tubular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pipe"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any lophobranch fish of the genus <i>Siphostoma</i>, or
<i>Syngnathus</i>, and allied genera, having a long and very slender
angular body, covered with bony plates. The mouth is small, at the end
of a long, tubular snout. The male has a pouch on his belly, in which
the incubation of the eggs takes place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pipe"lay`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>or</i> <hw>Pipe"
lay`er</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who lays conducting pipes in
the ground, as for water, gas, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Polit. Cant)</i> <def>A politician who works
in secret; -- in this sense, usually written as one word.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pipe"lay`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>or</i> <hw>Pipe"
lay`ing</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The laying of conducting pipes
underground, as for water, gas, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Polit. Cant)</i> <def>The act or method of
making combinations for personal advantage secretly or slyly; -- in
this sense, usually written as one word.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pipe"mouth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any fish of the genus Fistularia; -- called also <i>tobacco
pipefish</i>. See <u>Fistularia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Pepper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pip"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One who plays on a pipe, or the like, esp. on a
bagpipe.</def> "The hereditary <i>piper</i> and his sons."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
common European gurnard (<i>Trigla lyra</i>), having a large head,
with prominent nasal projection, and with large, sharp, opercular
spines.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sea urchin (<i>Goniocidaris
hystrix</i>) having very long spines, native of both the American and
European coasts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To pay the piper</b></col>, <cd>to bear the cost, expense,
or trouble.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pip`er*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>piper</i>
pepper.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the order of plants
(<i>Piperace&aelig;</i>) of which the pepper (<i>Piper nigrum</i>) is
the type. There are about a dozen genera and a thousand species,
mostly tropical plants with pungent and aromatic qualities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*per"ic</hw> (p&isl;*p&ebreve;r"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived
from, or designating, a complex organic acid found in the products of
different members of the Pepper family, and extracted as a yellowish
crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pip"er*idge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Pepperidge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*per"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An oily liquid alkaloid, C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>11</sub>N, having a
hot, peppery, ammoniacal odor. It is related to pyridine, and is
obtained by the decomposition of piperine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pip"er*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>piper</i>
pepper: cf. F. <i>piperin</i>, <i>piperine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white crystalline compound of piperidine and piperic acid. It is
obtained from the black pepper (<i>Piper nigrum</i>) and other
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pip`er*o"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white crystalline substance obtained by oxidation of piperic
acid, and regarded as a complex aldehyde.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*per"y*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Piper</i>idine
+ acet<i>ylene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon obtained by
decomposition of certain piperidine derivatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pipe"stem`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hollow stem
or tube of a pipe used for smoking tobacco, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Took a long reed for a <i>pipestem</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pipe"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of clay
slate, carved by the Indians into tobacco pipes.  Cf.
<u>Catlinite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*pette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>pipe</i>.] <def>A small glass tube, often with an enlargement or
bulb in the middle, and usually graduated, -- used for transferring or
delivering measured quantities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pipe"vine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The Dutchman's pipe. See under <u>Dutchman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pipe"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of a genus (<i>Eriocaulon</i>) of aquatic or marsh
herbs with soft grass-like leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pip"ing</hw> (p&imacr;p"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Pipe</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Playing on
a musical pipe.</def> "Lowing herds and <i>piping swains</i>."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Peaceful; favorable to, or characterized
by, the music of the pipe rather than of the drum and fife.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Emitting a high, shrill sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Simmering; boiling; sizzling; hissing; --
from the sound of boiling fluids.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Piping crow</b></col>, <col><b>Piping crow
shrike</b></col>, <col><b>Piping roller</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any Australian bird of the genus <i>Gymnorhina</i>, esp. <i>G.
tibicen</i>, which is black and white, and the size of a small crow.
Called also <i>caruck</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Piping frog</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small American tree frog (<i>Hyla
Pickeringii</i>) which utters a high, shrill note in early
spring.</cd> -- <col><b>Piping hot</b></col>, <cd>boiling hot; hissing
hot; very hot.</cd> [Colloq.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pip"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
small cord covered with cloth, -- used as trimming for women's
dresses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pipes, collectively; as, the <i>piping</i>
of a house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of playing on a pipe; the shrill
noted of birds, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece cut off to be set or planted; a
cutting; also, propagation by cuttings.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1090 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pi*pis"trel</hw> (?), <hw>Pip`i*strelle"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pipistrelle</i>, It. <i>pipistrello</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small European bat (<i>Vesperugo
pipistrellus</i>); -- called also <i>flittermouse</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pip"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from its call
note.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of small
singing birds belonging to <i>Anthus</i> and allied genera, of the
family <i>Motacillid&aelig;</i>. They strongly resemble the true larks
in habits, colors, and the great length of the hind claw. They are,
therefore, often called <i>titlarks</i>, and <i>pipit
larks</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>meadow pipit</i> (<i>Anthus pratensis</i>); the
<i>tree pipit</i>, or tree lark (<i>A. trivialis</i>); and the <i>rock
pipit</i>, or sea lark (<i>A. obscurus</i>) are well-known European
species. The common American <i>pipit</i>, or brown lark, is <i>Anthus
Pensilvanicus</i>. The Western species (<i>A. Spraguei</i>) is called
the <i>American skylark</i>, on account of its musical powers.</p>

<p><hw>Pip"kin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Dim. of <u>Pipe</u>.] <def>A
small earthen boiler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pip"pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr. OE.
<i>pippin</i> a seed, as being raised from the seed. See <u>Pip</u> a
seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An apple from a tree
raised from the seed and not grafted; a seedling apple.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A name given to apples of several different
kinds, as <i>Newtown pippin</i>, <i>summer pippin</i>, <i>fall
pippin</i>, <i>golden pippin</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We will eat a last year's <i>pippin</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Normandy pippins</b></col>, <cd>sun-dried apples for winter
use.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pip"pul tree`</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>Peepul
tree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"pra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pipras</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a woodpecker.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of small
clamatorial birds belonging to <i>Pipra</i> and allied genera, of the
family <i>Piprid&aelig;</i>. The male is usually glossy black, varied
with scarlet, yellow, or sky blue. They chiefly inhabit South
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"prine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the pipras, or the family
<i>Piprid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pip*sis"se*wa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From American
Indian.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A low evergreen plant (<i>Chimaphila
umbellata</i>), with narrow, wedge-lanceolate leaves, and an umbel of
pretty nodding fragrant blossoms. It has been used in nephritic
diseases. Called also <i>prince's pine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pip"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a pipe; hollow-
stemmed.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"quan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Piquant</u>.]
<def>The quality or state of being piquant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"quant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. pr. of
<i>piquer</i> to prick or sting. See <u>Pike</u>.] <def>Stimulating to
the taste; giving zest; tart; sharp; pungent; as, a <i>piquant</i>
anecdote.</def> "As <i>piquant</i> to the tongue as salt."
<i>Addison.</i> "<i>Piquant</i> railleries." <i>Gov. of
Tongue.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi"quant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a piquant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi`qu&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., p. p. of
<i>piquer</i> to prick.] <def>A cotton fabric, figured in the loom, --
used as a dress goods for women and children, and for vestings,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pique</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The jigger. See <u>Jigger</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pique</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>piquer</i>.
See <u>Pike</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A feeling of hurt, vexation,
or resentment, awakened by a social slight or injury; irritation of
the feelings, as through wounded pride; stinging vexation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men take up <i>piques</i> and
displeasures.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wars had arisen . . . upon a personal
<i>pique</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Keenly felt desire; a longing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though it have the <i>pique</i>, and long,<BR>
'Tis still for something in the wrong.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>In piquet, the right
of the elder hand to count thirty in hand, or to play before the
adversary counts one.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Displeasure; irritation; grudge; spite.
<u>Pique</u>, <u>Spite</u>, <u>Grudge</u>. <i>Pique</i> denotes a
quick and often transient sense of resentment for some supposed
neglect or injury, but it is not marked by malevolence. <i>Spite</i>
is a stronger term, denoting settled ill will or malice, with a desire
to injure, as the result of extreme irritation. <i>Grudge</i> goes
still further, denoting cherished and secret enmity, with an
unforgiving spirit. A <i>pique</i> is usually of recent date; a
<i>grudge</i> is that which has long subsisted; <i>spite</i> implies a
disposition to cross or vex others.</p>

<p><hw>Pique</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Piqued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Piquing</u> (?).] [F. <i>piquer</i>. See <u>Pike</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wound the pride of; to sting; to nettle; to
irritate; to fret; to offend; to excite to anger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pique</i> her, and soothe in turn.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excite to action by causing resentment
or jealousy; to stimulate; to prick; as, to <i>pique</i> ambition, or
curiosity.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pride or value; -- used
reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men . . . <i>pique</i> themselves upon their
skill.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To offend; displease; irritate; provoke; fret;
nettle; sting; goad; stimulate.</p>

<p><hw>Pique</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cause annoyance or
irritation.</def> "Every &?;erse hath something in it that
<i>piques</i>."  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi*queer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pickeer</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pi*queer"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pickeerer</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Piqu"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Picket</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pi*quet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prob. fr.
<i>pique</i>. See <u>Pique</u>, <u>Pike</u>, and <u>Picket</u>.]
<def>A game at cards played between two persons, with thirty-two
cards, all the deuces, threes, fours, fives, and sixes, being set
aside.</def> [Written also <i>picket</i> and <i>picquet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pi"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Piracies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. LL. <i>piratia</i>, Gr. &?;. See
<u>Pirate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or crime of a
pirate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Common Law)</i> <def>Robbery on the high
seas; the taking of property from others on the open sea by open
violence; without lawful authority, and with intent to steal; -- a
crime answering to <i>robbery</i> on land.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By statute law several other offenses committed on the seas
(as trading with known pirates, or engaging in the slave trade) have
been made <i>piracy</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def></def>"Sometimes used, in a quasi-
figurative sense, of violation of copyright; but for this,
<i>infringement</i> is the correct and preferable term."
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi*ra"gua</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pirogue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*rai"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Piraya</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*ram"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; trial +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>A dynamometer for ascertaining the power required
to draw carriages over roads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi`ra*ru"cu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
South American name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Arapaima</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pirata</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to attempt, undertake, from making attempts or attacks on
ships, &?; an attempt, trial; akin to E. <i>peril</i>: cf. F.
<i>pirate</i>. See <u>Peril</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A robber on
the high seas; one who by open violence takes the property of another
on the high seas; especially, one who makes it his business to cruise
for robbery or plunder; a freebooter on the seas; also, one who steals
in a harbor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An armed ship or vessel which sails without
a legal commission, for the purpose of plundering other vessels on the
high seas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who infringes the law of copyright, or
publishes the work of an author without permission.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pirate perch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fresh-
water percoid fish of the United States (<i>Aphredoderus Sayanus</i>).
It is of a dark olive color, speckled with blackish spots.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pi"rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pirated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pirating</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>pirater</i>.] <def>To play the pirate; to
practice robbery on the high seas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To publish, as books
or writings, without the permission of the author.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They advertised they would <i>pirate</i> his
edition.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi*rat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Piratical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*rat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>piraticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>piratique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a pirate; acquired by, or practicing, piracy; as, a
<i>piratical</i> undertaking.</def> "<i>Piratical</i> printers."
<i>Pope.</i> -- <wf>Pi*rat"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*ra"ya</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large voracious fresh-water fish
(<i>Serrasalmo piraya</i>) of South America, having lancet-shaped
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pir"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Pirry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pir"ie</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pear</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A pear tree.</def> [Written also <i>pery</i>,
<i>pyrie</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pi`ri*ri"gua</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American bird (<i>Guira
guira</i>) allied to the cuckoos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pirl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Purl</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To spin, as a top.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To twist or twine, as hair in making
fishing lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pirn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A
quill or reed on which thread or yarn is wound; a bobbin; also, the
wound yarn on a weaver's shuttle; also, the reel of a fishing
rod.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Pi*rogue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Originally an
American Indian word: cf. F. <i>pirogue</i>, Sp. <i>piroga</i>,
<i>piragua</i>.] <def>A dugout canoe; by extension, any small
boat.</def> [Written variously <i>periauger</i>, <i>perogue</i>,
<i>piragua</i>, <i>periagua</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Pir`ou*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; of uncertain
origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A whirling or turning on the toes in
dancing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>The whirling about of a
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pir`ou*ette"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pirouetted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pirouetting</u>.] [F. <i>pirouetter</i>.] <def>To perform a
pirouette; to whirl, like a dancer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pir"ry</hw>, <hw>Pir"rie</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. Scot. <i>pirr</i> a gentle breeze, Icel. <i>byrr</i> a prosperous
wind, <i>bylr</i> a blast of wind.] <def>A rough gale of wind.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pis`as*phal"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pissasphalt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"say</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See
<u>Pis&eacute;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis"ca*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>piscarius</i>
relating to fishes or to fishing, fr. <i>piscis</i> a fish.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The right or privilege of fishing in another man's
waters.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pis*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>piscatio</i>,
fr. <i>piscari</i> to fish.] <def>Fishing; fishery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pis*ca"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
fisherman; an angler.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pis`ca*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <hw>Pis"ca*to*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>piscatorius</i>, fr. <i>piscator</i> a
fisherman, fr. <i>piscari</i> to fish, fr. <i>piscis</i> a fish. See
<u>Fish</u> the animal.] <def>Of or pertaining to fishes or
fishing.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pis"ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>piscis</i>
a fish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The twelfth sign of the zodiac, marked &pisces; in
almanacs.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A zodiacal constellation,
including the first point of Aries, which is the vernal equinoctial
point; the Fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The class of Vertebrata
that includes the fishes. The principal divisions are Elasmobranchii,
Ganoidei, and Teleostei.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis"ci*cap`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Capture of
fishes, as by angling.</def> [R.]  <i>W. H. Russell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pis`ci*cul"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to pisciculture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis`ci*cul"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>piscis</i> a fish + E. <i>culture</i>.] <def>Fish culture. See
under <u>Fish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis`ci*cul"tur*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
breeds fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>piscis</i>
fish + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a fish; resembling a
fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pis*ci"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a certain,
fishpond, fr. <i>piscis</i> a fish.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A niche near
the altar in a church, containing a small basin for rinsing altar
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis"ci*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>piscinalis</i>: cf. F. <i>piscinal</i>.] <def>Belonging to a
fishpond or a piscina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>piscis</i> a
fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a fish or fishes;
as, <i>piscine</i> remains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis*civ"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>piscis</i>
a fish + <i>vorare</i> to devour: cf. F. <i>piscivore</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feeding or subsisting on fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi`s&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pis&eacute;</i>, from <i>piser</i> to stamp, pound, L.
<i>pisare</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A species of wall made of stiff
earth or clay rammed in between molds which are carried up as the wall
rises; -- called also <i>pis&eacute; work</i>.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pish</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An exclamation of
contempt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To express
contempt.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pi"shu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Canada lynx.</def> [Written also <i>peeshoo</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pi"si*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pisum</i> a
pea + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>pisiforme</i>.] <def>Resembling a pea or
peas in size and shape; as, a <i>pisiform</i> iron ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"si*form</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
small bone on the ulnar side of the carpus in man and many mammals.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Artiodactyla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis"mire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Piss</i> +
<i>mire</i>; so called because it discharges a moisture vulgarly
considered urine. See <u>Mire</u> an ant.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
ant, or emmet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"so*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a pea + <i>-
lite</i>: cf. F. <i>pisolithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of
calcite, or calcium carbonate, consisting of aggregated globular
concretions about the size of a pea; -- called also <i>peastone</i>,
<i>peagrit</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; O&ouml;lite is similar in structure, but the concretions are
as small as the roe of a fish.</p>

<p><hw>Pi`so*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pisolithique</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Composed of, containing, or
resembling, pisolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis"o*phalt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>pissasphalt</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Pissasphalt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Piss</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pissen</i>,
F. <i>pisser</i>; akin to It. <i>pisciare</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>pissen</i>,
Dan. <i>pisse</i>, Icel. <i>pissa</i>.] <def>To discharge urine, to
urinate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Piss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Piss"a*bed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name locally applied to various wild plants, as dandelion, bluet,
oxeye daisy, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis"sas*phalt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pissasphaltus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; pitch + &?; asphalt: cf. F.
<i>pissasphalte</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Earth pitch; a soft, black
bitumen of the consistence of tar, and of a strong smell. It is
inflammable, and intermediate between petroleum and asphalt.</def>
[Written also <i>pisasphaltum</i>, <i>pisasphalt</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>See
<u>Piste</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis*ta"chio</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>pistacchio</i> (cf. Sp. <i>pistacho</i>, F. <i>pistache</i>), fr.
L. <i>pistacium</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. Per. <i>pistah</i>.  Cf.
<u>Fistinut</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The nut of the <i>Pistacia
vera</i>, a tree of the order <i>Anacardiace&aelig;</i>, containing a
kernel of a pale greenish color, which has a pleasant taste,
resembling that of the almond, and yields an oil of agreeable taste
and odor; -- called also <i>pistachio nut</i>. It is wholesome and
nutritive. The tree grows in Arabia, Persia, Syria, and Sicily.</def>
[Written also <i>pistachia</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pis*ta"ci*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pistachio</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name of a genus of trees,
including the tree which bears the pistachio, the Mediterranean mastic
tree (<i>Pistacia Lentiscus</i>), and the species (<i>P.
Terebinthus</i>) which yields Chian or Cyprus turpentine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis"ta*cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pistacite</i>. So called from its green color. See
<u>Pistachio</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Epidote.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis`ta*reen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old Spanish
silver coin of the value of about twenty cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis"ta*zite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Pistacite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Piste</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>pisere</i>,
<i>pinsere</i>, <i>pistum</i>, to pound.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The track
or tread a horseman makes upon the ground he goes over.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pis"tel</hw> (?), <hw>Pis"til</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An epistle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pisticus</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <def>Pure; genuine.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pis"til</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pistillum</i>,
<i>pistillus</i>, a pestle: cf. F. <i>pistil</i>. See <u>Pestle</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The seed-bearing organ of a flower. It consists of
an ovary, containing the ovules or rudimentary seeds, and a stigma,
which is commonly raised on an elongated portion called a
<i>style</i>. When composed of one carpel a pistil is simple; when
composed of several, it is compound. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Flower</u>, and <u>Ovary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis`til*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Growing on, or having nature of, the pistil; of or pertaining to
a pistil.</def>  <i>Barton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pis"til*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having a pistil or pistils; -- usually said of flowers having
pistils but no stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis`til*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pistillum</i> a pestle.] <def>The act of pounding or breaking in a
mortar; pestillation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pis`til*lid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pistillida</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. E. <i>pistil</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Archegonium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis`til*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Pistil</i> + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>pistillif&egrave;re</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pistillate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis"til*lo*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pistil</i> +
Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The metamorphosis of other organs
into pistils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis"tol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pistole</i>,
<i>pistolet</i>, It. <i>pistola</i>; prob. from a form <i>Pistola</i>,
for <i>Pistoja</i>, a town in Italy where pistols were first made.
Cf. <u>Pistole</u>.] <def>The smallest firearm used, intended to be
fired from one hand, -- now of many patterns, and bearing a great
variety of names. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Revolver</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pistol carbine</b></col>, <cd>a firearm with a removable
but-piece, and thus capable of being used either as a pistol or a
carbine.</cd> -- <col><b>Pistol pipe</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a
pipe in which the blast for a furnace is heated, resembling a pistol
in form.</cd> -- <col><b>Pistol shot</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The discharge of a pistol</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
distance to which a pistol can propel a ball.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pis"tol</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pistoled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pistoling</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>pistoler</i>.] <def>To shoot with a
pistol.</def> "To <i>pistol</i> a poacher."  <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pis"to*lade`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A pistol
shot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis*tole"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., probably a name
given in jest in France to a Spanish coin.  Cf. <u>Pistol</u>.]
<def>The name of certain gold coins of various values formerly coined
in some countries of Europe. In Spain it was equivalent to a quarter
doubloon, or about $3.90, and in Germany and Italy nearly the same.
There was an old Italian pistole worth about $5.40.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis`to*leer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pistolier</i>.] <def>One who uses a pistol.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pis"to*let`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a dim. of
<i>pistole</i>.] <def>A small pistol.</def>  <i>Donne. Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1091 !></p>

<p><hw>Pis"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>piston</i>; cf.
It. <i>pistone</i> piston, also <i>pestone</i> a large pestle; all fr.
L. <i>pinsere</i>, <i>pistum</i>, to pound, to stamp. See
<u>Pestle</u>, <u>Pistil</u>.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A sliding piece
which either is moved by, or moves against, fluid pressure. It usually
consists of a short cylinder fitting within a cylindrical vessel along
which it moves, back and forth. It is used in steam engines to receive
motion from the steam, and in pumps to transmit motion to a fluid;
also for other purposes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Piston head</b></col> <i>(Steam Eng.)</i>, <cd>that part of
a piston which is made fast to the piston rod.</cd> -- <col><b>Piston
rod</b></col>, <cd>a rod by which a piston is moved, or by which it
communicates motion.</cd> -- <col><b>Piston valve</b></col> <i>(Steam
Eng.)</i>, <cd>a slide valve, consisting of a piston, or connected
pistons, working in a cylindrical case which is provided with ports
that are traversed by the valve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pit</i>, <i>put</i>,
AS. <i>pytt</i> a pit, hole, L. <i>puteus</i> a well, pit.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large cavity or hole in the ground, either
natural or artificial; a cavity in the surface of a body; an
indentation</def>; specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The shaft of
a coal mine; a coal pit.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A large hole
in the ground from which material is dug or quarried; as, a stone
<i>pit</i>; a gravel <i>pit</i>; or in which material is made by
burning; as, a lime <i>pit</i>; a charcoal <i>pit</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A vat sunk in the ground; as, a tan
<i>pit</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tumble me into some loathsome <i>pit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any abyss; especially, the grave, or
hades.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Back to the infernal <i>pit</i> I drag thee
chained.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He keepth back his soul from the
<i>pit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Job xxxiii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A covered deep hole for entrapping wild
beasts; a pitfall; hence, a trap; a snare. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The anointed of the Lord was taken in their
<i>pits</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lam. iv. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A depression or hollow in the surface of
the human body</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hollow place
under the shoulder or arm; the axilla, or armpit.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>See <i>Pit of the stomach</i> (below).</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The indentation or mark left by a pustule, as
in smallpox.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, that part of a theater, on the
floor of the house, below the level of the stage and behind the
orchestra; now, in England, commonly the part behind the stalls; in
the United States, the parquet; also, the occupants of such a part of
a theater.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An inclosed area into which gamecocks,
dogs, and other animals are brought to fight, or where dogs are
trained to kill rats.</def> "As fiercely as two gamecocks in the
<i>pit</i>."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> [Cf. D. <i>pit</i>, akin to E. <i>pith</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The endocarp of a drupe, and
its contained seed or seeds; a stone; as, a peach <i>pit</i>; a cherry
<i>pit</i>, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A depression or thin
spot in the wall of a duct.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cold pit</b></col> <i>(Hort.)</i>, <cd>an excavation in the
earth, lined with masonry or boards, and covered with glass, but not
artificially heated, -- used in winter for the storing and protection
of half-hardly plants, and sometimes in the spring as a forcing
bed.</cd> -- <col><b>Pit coal</b></col>, <cd>coal dug from the earth;
mineral coal.</cd> -- <col><b>Pit frame</b></col>, <cd>the framework
over the shaft of a coal mine.</cd> -- <col><b>Pit head</b></col>,
<cd>the surface of the ground at the mouth of a pit or mine.</cd> --
<col><b>Pit kiln</b></col>, <cd>an oven for coking coal.</cd> --
<col><b>Pit martin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the bank
swallow.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Pit of the stomach</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the depression on the middle line of the
epigastric region of the abdomen at the lower end of the sternum; the
infrasternal depression.</cd> -- <col><b>Pit saw</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a saw worked by two men, one of whom stands on the
log and the other beneath it. The place of the latter is often in a
pit, whence the name.</cd> -- <col><b>Pit viper</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any viperine snake having a deep pit on each
side of the snout. The rattlesnake and copperhead are examples.</cd> -
- <col><b>Working pit</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a shaft in which
the ore is hoisted and the workmen carried; -- in distinction from a
shaft used for the pumps.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pitted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pitting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place or put into a pit or
hole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They lived like beasts, and were <i>pitted</i> like
beasts, tumbled into the grave.</blockquote> <i>T. Grander.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark with little hollows, as by various
pustules; as, a face <i>pitted</i> by smallpox.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To introduce as an antagonist; to set
forward for or in a contest; as, to <i>pit</i> one dog against
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fiber obtained from the <i>Agave
Americana</i> and other related species, -- used for making cordage
and paper. Called also <i>pita fiber</i>, and <i>pita
thread</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The plant which yields the
fiber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pit`a*ha"ya</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., prob. from the
native name.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cactaceous shrub (<i>Cereus
Pitajaya</i>) of tropical America, which yields a delicious
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pit"a*pat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [An onomatopoetic
reduplication of <i>pat</i> a light, quick blow.] <def>In a flutter;
with palpitation or quick succession of beats.</def> <i>Lowell.</i>
"The fox's heart went <i>pitapat</i>." <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pit"a*pat`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light, repeated
sound; a pattering, as of the rain.</def> "The <i>pitapat</i> of a
pretty foot."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pitch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pich</i>, AS.
<i>pic</i>, L. <i>pix</i>; akin to Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thick, black, lustrous, and sticky substance obtained by boiling down
tar. It is used in calking the seams of ships; also in coating rope,
canvas, wood, ironwork, etc., to preserve them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that toucheth <i>pitch</i> shall be defiled
therewith.</blockquote> <i>Ecclus. xiii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Pitchstone</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Amboyna pitch</b></col>, <cd>the resin of <i>Dammara
australis</i>. See <u>Kauri</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Burgundy
pitch</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Burgundy</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canada
pitch</b></col>, <cd>the resinous exudation of the hemlock tree
(<i>Abies Canadensis</i>); hemlock gum.</cd> -- <col><b>Jew's
pitch</b></col>, <cd>bitumen.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral pitch</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Bitumen</u> and <u>Asphalt</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pitch
coal</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>bituminous coal.</cd> --
<col><b>Pitch peat</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a black homogeneous
peat, with a waxy luster.</cd> -- <col><b>Pitch pine</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of pine, yielding pitch,
esp. the <i>Pinus rigida</i> of North America.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pitch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pitched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pitching</u>.] [See <u>Pitch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover over or smear with pitch.</def>
<i>Gen. vi. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To darken; to blacken; to
obscure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The welkin <i>pitched</i> with sullen
could.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pitch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>picchen</i>;
akin to E. <i>pick</i>, <i>pike</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
throw, generally with a definite aim or purpose; to cast; to hurl; to
toss; as, to <i>pitch</i> quoits; to <i>pitch</i> hay; to <i>pitch</i>
a ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrust or plant in the ground, as stakes
or poles; hence, to fix firmly, as by means of poles; to establish; to
arrange; as, to <i>pitch</i> a tent; to <i>pitch</i> a camp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set, face, or pave with rubble or
undressed stones, as an embankment or a roadway.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fix or set the tone of; as, to
<i>pitch</i> a tune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To set or fix, as a price or value.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pitched battle</b></col>, <cd>a general battle; a battle in
which the hostile forces have fixed positions; -- in distinction from
a <i>skirmish</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To pitch into</b></col>, <cd>to
attack; to assault; to abuse.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Pitch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
fix or place a tent or temporary habitation; to encamp.</def> "Laban
with his brethren <i>pitched</i> in the Mount of Gilead."  <i>Gen.
xxxi. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To light; to settle; to come to rest from
flight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tree whereon they [the bees]
<i>pitch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fix one's choise; -- with <i>on</i> or
<i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pitch</i> upon the best course of life, and custom
will render it the more easy.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To plunge or fall; esp., to fall forward;
to decline or slope; as, to <i>pitch</i> from a precipice; the vessel
<i>pitches</i> in a heavy sea; the field <i>pitches</i> toward the
east.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pitch and pay</b></col>, <cd>an old aphorism which
inculcates ready-money payment, or payment on delivery of goods.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pitch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
throw; a toss; a cast, as of something from the hand; as, a good
<i>pitch</i> in quoits.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pitch and toss</b></col>, <cd>a game played by tossing up a
coin, and calling "Heads or tails;"</cd> hence: <col><b>To play pitch
and toss with (anything)</b></col>, <cd>to be careless or trust to
luck about it.</cd> "<i>To play pitch and toss with</i> the property
of the country." <i>G. Eliot.</i> -- <col><b>Pitch farthing</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Chuck farthing</i>, under 5th <u>Chuck</u>.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>That point of the ground
on which the ball pitches or lights when bowled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A point or peak; the extreme point or
degree of elevation or depression; hence, a limit or bound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Driven headlong from the <i>pitch</i> of heaven,
down<BR>
Into this deep.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Enterprises of great <i>pitch</i> and
moment.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To lowest <i>pitch</i> of abject fortune.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He lived when learning was at its highest
<i>pitch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The exact <i>pitch</i>, or limits, where temperance
ends.</blockquote> <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Height; stature.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A descent; a fall; a thrusting
down.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The point where a declivity begins; hence,
the declivity itself; a descending slope; the degree or rate of
descent or slope; slant; as, a steep <i>pitch</i> in the road; the
<i>pitch</i> of a roof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The relative acuteness or
gravity of a tone, determined by the number of vibrations which
produce it; the place of any tone upon a scale of high and
low.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Musical tones with reference to <i>absolute pitch</i>, are
named after the first seven letters of the alphabet; with reference to
<i>relative pitch</i>, in a series of tones called the <i>scale</i>,
they are called <i>one</i>, <i>two</i>, <i>three</i>, <i>four</i>,
<i>five</i>, <i>six</i>, <i>seven</i>, <i>eight</i>. <i>Eight</i> is
also <i>one</i> of a new scale an octave higher, as <i>one</i> is
<i>eight</i> of a scale an octave lower.</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The limit of ground set to
a miner who receives a share of the ore taken out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
distance from center to center of any two adjacent teeth of gearing,
measured on the <i>pitch line</i>; -- called also <i>circular
pitch</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The length, measured along
the axis, of a complete turn of the thread of a screw, or of the
helical lines of the blades of a screw propeller.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The distance between the centers of holes, as
of rivet holes in boiler plates.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Concert pitch</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the standard of
pitch used by orchestras, as in concerts, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Diametral pitch</b></col> <i>(Gearing)</i>, <cd>the distance
which bears the same relation to the pitch proper, or circular pitch,
that the diameter of a circle bears to its circumference; it is
sometimes described by the number expressing the quotient obtained by
dividing the number of teeth in a wheel by the diameter of its pitch
circle in inches; as, 4 pitch, 8 pitch, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Pitch
chain</b></col>, <cd>a chain, as one made of metallic plates, adapted
for working with a sprocket wheel.</cd> -- <col><b>Pitch
line</b></col>, or <col><b>Pitch circle</b></col> <i>(Gearing)</i>,
<cd>an ideal line, in a toothed gear or rack, bearing such a relation
to a corresponding line in another gear, with which the former works,
that the two lines will have a common velocity as in rolling contact;
it usually cuts the teeth at about the middle of their height, and, in
a circular gear, is a circle concentric with the axis of the gear; the
line, or circle, on which the pitch of teeth is measured.</cd> --
<col><b>Pitch of a roof</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the inclination
or slope of the sides expressed by the height in parts of the span;
as, one half <i>pitch</i>; whole <i>pitch</i>; or by the height in
parts of the half span, especially among engineers; or by degrees, as
a <i>pitch</i> of 30&deg;, of 45&deg;, etc.; or by the <i>rise</i> and
<i>run</i>, that is, the ratio of the height to the half span; as, a
<i>pitch</i> of six rise to ten run. <i>Equilateral pitch</i> is where
the two sloping sides with the span form an equilateral triangle.</cd>
-- <col><b>Pitch of a plane</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>the slant of
the cutting iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Pitch pipe</b></col>, <cd>a wind
instrument used by choristers in regulating the pitch of a tune.</cd>
-- <col><b>Pitch point</b></col> <i>(Gearing)</i>, <cd>the point of
contact of the pitch lines of two gears, or of a rack and pinion,
which work together.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"-black`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Black as
pitch or tar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"blende`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>pitch +
blende</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A pitch-black mineral consisting
chiefly of the oxide of uranium; uraninite. See
<u>Uraninite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"-dark`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dark as a pitch;
pitch-black.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who pitches anything, as hay, quoits, a ball, etc.;
specifically <i>(Baseball)</i>, the player who delivers the ball to
the batsman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sort of crowbar for digging.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>picher</i>, OF.
<i>pichier</i>, OHG. <i>pehhar</i>, <i>pehh&amacr;ri</i>; prob. of the
same origin as E. <i>beaker</i>.  Cf. <u>Beaker</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wide-mouthed, deep vessel for holding
liquids, with a spout or protruding lip and a handle; a water jug or
jar with a large ear or handle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tubular or cuplike
appendage or expansion of the leaves of certain plants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>American pitcher plants</b></col>, <cd>the species of
Sarracenia. See <u>Sarracenia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Australian pitcher
plant</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Cephalotus follicularis</i>, a low
saxifragaceous herb having two kinds of radical leaves, some
oblanceolate and entire, others transformed into little ovoid
pitchers, longitudinally triple-winged and ciliated, the mouth covered
with a lid shaped like a cockleshell.</cd> -- <col><b>California
pitcher plant</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Darlingtonia California</i>. See
<u>Darlingtonia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pitcher plant</b></col>, <cd>any
plant with the whole or a part of the leaves transformed into pitchers
or cuplike organs, especially the species of <i>Nepenthes</i>. See
<u>Nepenthes</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"er*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pitcherfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The quantity a pitcher will
hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Stone
Cutting)</i> <def>Having the arris defined by a line beyond which the
rock is cut away, so as to give nearly true edges; -- said of squared
stones that are otherwise quarry-faced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"fork`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fork, or
farming utensil, used in pitching hay, sheaves of grain, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"fork`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pitch or
throw with, or as with, a pitchfork.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has been <i>pitchforked</i> into the
footguards.</blockquote> <i>G. A. Sala.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Pitchy</u>.] <def>Blackness, as of pitch; darkness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of throwing or casting; a cast; a pitch; as, wild
<i>pitching</i> in baseball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The rough paving of a street to a grade
with blocks of stone.</def>  <i>Mayhew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Hydraul. Eng.)</i> <def>A facing of stone
laid upon a bank to prevent wear by tides or currents.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pitching piece</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>the horizontal
timber supporting the floor of a platform of a stairway, and against
which the stringpieces of the sloping parts are supported.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"-ore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Pitchblende.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>An igneous rock of semiglassy nature, having a luster like
pitch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The work of a
coal miner who is paid by a share of his product.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pitch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 1st <u>Pitch</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Partaking of the qualities of pitch;
resembling pitch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Smeared with pitch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Black; pitch-dark; dismal.</def>
"<i>Pitchy</i> night."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pit"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pitous</i>,
OF. <i>pitos</i>, F. <i>piteux</i>. See <u>Pity</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pious; devout.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord can deliver <i>piteous</i> men from
temptation.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evincing pity, compassion, or sympathy;
compassionate; tender.</def> "[She] <i>piteous</i> of his case."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She was so charitable and so
<i>pitous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to excite pity or sympathy;
wretched; miserable; lamentable; sad; as, a <i>piteous</i> case.</def>
 <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The most <i>piteous</i> tale of Lear.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Paltry; mean; pitiful.</def>
"<i>Piteous</i> amends."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sorrowful; mournful; affecting; doleful; woeful;
rueful; sad; wretched; miserable; pitiable; pitiful;
compassionate.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Pit"e*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pit"e*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pit"fall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pit deceitfully
covered to entrap wild beasts or men; a trap of any kind.</def>
<i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pit"fall`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Entrapping;
insnaring.</def> [R.] "Full of . . . contradiction and
<i>pitfalling</i> dispenses."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>pi&?;a</i>; akin to
D. <i>pit</i> pith, kernel, LG. <i>peddik</i>.  Cf. <u>Pit</u> a
kernel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The soft spongy
substance in the center of the stems of many plants and trees,
especially those of the dicotyledonous or exogenous classes. It
consists of cellular tissue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
spongy interior substance of a feather.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The spinal cord; the marrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: The which contains the strength of
life; the vital or essential part; concentrated force; vigor;
strength; importance; as, the speech lacked <i>pith</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Enterprises of great <i>pith</i> and
moment.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pith paper</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Rice paper</i>, under
<u>Rice</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pith</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To
destroy the central nervous system of (an animal, as a frog), as by
passing a stout wire or needle up and down the vertebral
canal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*the"ci</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; an ape.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of mammals including
the apes and monkeys. Sometimes used in the sense of
<i>Primates</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pith"e*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an ape +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the genus <i>Pithecia</i>, or subfamily
<i>Pithecin&aelig;</i>, which includes the saki, ouakari, and other
allied South American monkeys.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the anthropoid apes in
particular, or to the higher apes of the Old World,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pith"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
pith.</def> [R.]  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pith"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pithy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pith"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being pithy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pith"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of pith, or
of strength; feeble.</def> <i>Dryden.</i> "<i>Pithless</i>
argumentation." <i>Glandstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pit"-hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pit; a
pockmark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pith"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pithy;
robust.</def> [R.] "<i>Pithsome</i> health and vigor."  <i>R. D.
Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pith"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Pithier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Pithiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting wholly, or in part, of pith; abounding in pith; as, a
<i>pithy</i> stem; a <i>pithy</i> fruit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having nervous energy; forceful;
cogent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>pithy</i> speech prevailed, and all
agreed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In all these Goodman Fact was very short, but
<i>pithy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pithy gall</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large,
rough, furrowed, oblong gall, formed on blackberry canes by a small
gallfly (<i>Diastrophus nebulosus</i>).</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1092 !></p>

<p><hw>Pit"i*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>pitiable</i>, F. <i>pitoyable</i>.] <def>Deserving pity; wworthy
of, or exciting, compassion; miserable; lamentable; piteous; as,
<i>pitiable</i> persons; a <i>pitiable</i> condition; <i>pitiable</i>
wretchedness.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sorrowful; woeful; sad. See <u>Piteous</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Pit"i*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pit"i*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pit"i*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pities.</def>  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pit"i*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of pity; tender-hearted; compassionate; kind; merciful;
sympathetic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord is very <i>pitiful</i>, and of tender
mercy.</blockquote> <i>James v. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Piteous; lamentable; eliciting
compassion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thing, indeed, very <i>pitiful</i> and
horrible.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be pitied for littleness or meanness;
miserable; paltry; contemptible; despicable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That's villainous, and shows a most <i>pitiful</i>
ambition in the fool that uses it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Despicable; mean; paltry. See
<u>Contemptible</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Pit"i*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pit"i*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pit"i*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of pity; hard-hearted; merciless; as, a
<i>pitiless</i>master; <i>pitiless</i> elements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exciting no pity; as, a <i>pitiless</i>
condition.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pit"i*less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pit"i*less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pit"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pitmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who works
in a pit, as in mining, in sawing timber, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The connecting rod in a
sawmill; also, sometimes, a connecting rod in other
machinery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*tot's" tube`</hw> (?). <i>(Hydraul.)</i> <def>A bent tube
used to determine the velocity of running water, by placing the curved
end under water, and observing the height to which the fluid rises in
the tube; a kind of current meter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pit"pan`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A long, flat-
bottomed canoe, used for the navigation of rivers and lagoons in
Central America.</def>  <i>Squier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pit"pat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pitapat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pit"ta</hw> (p&ibreve;t"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of a large group of bright-colored
clamatorial birds belonging to <i>Pitta</i>, and allied genera of the
family <i>Pittid&aelig;</i>. Most of the species are varied with three
or more colors, such as blue, green, crimson, yellow, purple, and
black. They are called also <i>ground thrushes</i>, and <i>Old World
ant thrushes</i>; but they are not related to the true
thrushes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The pittas are most abundant in the East Indies, but some
inhabit Southern Asia, Africa, and Australia. They live mostly upon
the ground, and feed upon insects of various kinds.</p>

<p><hw>Pit"ta*cal</hw> (p&ibreve;t"t&adot;*k&abreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>pi`tta</grk>, <grk>pi`ssa</grk>, pitch
+ <grk>kalo`s</grk> beautiful: cf. F. <i>pittacale</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A dark blue substance obtained from wood tar. It
consists of hydrocarbons which when oxidized form the orange-yellow
eupittonic compounds, the salts of which are dark blue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pit"tance</hw> (p&ibreve;t"t<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>pitance</i>, <i>pitaunce</i>, F. <i>pitance</i>; cf. It.
<i>pietanza</i>, LL. <i>pitancia</i>, <i>pittantia</i>,
<i>pictantia</i>; perh. fr. L. <i>pietas</i> pity, piety, or perhaps
akin to E. <i>petty</i>.  Cf. <u>Petty</u>, and <u>Pity</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An allowance of food bestowed in charity; a
mess of victuals; hence, a small charity gift; a dole.</def> "A good
<i>pitaunce</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One half only of this <i>pittance</i> was ever given
him in money.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A meager portion, quantity, or allowance;
an inconsiderable salary or compensation.</def> "The small
<i>pittance</i> of learning they received."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The inconsiderable <i>pittance</i> of faithful
professors.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pit"ted</hw> (-t&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Marked with little pits, as in smallpox. See
<u>Pit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having minute thin spots; as,
<i>pitted</i> ducts in the vascular parts of vegetable
tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contrivance for
removing the pits from peaches, plums, and other stone
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a pattering
sound; to murmur; as, <i>pittering</i> streams.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R.
Greene.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pit"tle-pat`tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To talk
unmeaningly; to chatter or prattle.</def> [R.]  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pi*tu"i*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pituita</i>
phlegm, pituite: cf. F. <i>pituitarie</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Secreting mucus or phlegm; as, the
<i>pituitary</i> membrane, or the mucous membrane which lines the
nasal cavities.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the
pituitary body; as, the <i>pituitary</i> fossa.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pituitary body</b></col> or <col><b>gland</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a glandlike body of unknown function, situated in
the pituitary fossa, and connected with the infundibulum of the brain;
the hypophysis.</cd> -- <col><b>Pituitary fossa</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the ephippium.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Pit"u*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pituita</i>:
cf. F. <i>pituite</i>.  Cf. <u>Pip</u> a disease of fowls.]
<def>Mucus, phlegm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*tu"i*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pituitosus</i>: cf. F. <i>pituiteux</i>.] <def>Consisting of, or
resembling, pituite or mucus; full of mucus; discharging
mucus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pituitous fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>typhoid fever;
enteric fever.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pit"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pities</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>pite</i>, OF.
<i>pit&eacute;</i>, <i>piti&eacute;</i>, F. <i>piti&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>pietas</i> piety, kindness, pity. See <u>Pious</u>, and cf.
<u>Piety</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Piety.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A feeling for the sufferings or distresses
of another or others; sympathy with the grief or misery of another;
compassion; fellow-feeling; commiseration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that hath <i>pity</i> upon the poor lendeth unto the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xix. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . has no more <i>pity</i> in him than a
dog.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A reason or cause of pity, grief, or
regret; a thing to be regretted.</def> "The more the <i>pity</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>pity</i> is it<BR>
That we can die but once to serve our country!</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, sometimes used in the plural, especially in
the colloquialism: "It is a thousand <i>pities</i>."</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Compassion; mercy; commiseration; condolence;
sympathy, fellow-suffering; fellow-feeling. -- <u>Pity</u>,
<u>Sympathy</u>, <u>Compassion</u>. <i>Sympathy</i> is literally
<i>fellow-feeling</i>, and therefore requiers a certain degree of
equality in situation, circumstances, etc., to its fullest exercise.
<i>Compassion</i> is deep tenderness for another under severe or
inevitable misfortune. <i>Pity</i> regards its object not only as
suffering, but <i>weak</i>, and hence as inferior.</p>

<p><hw>Pit"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pitied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pitying</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel pity or compassion
for; to have sympathy with; to compassionate; to commiserate; to have
tender feelings toward (any one), awakened by a knowledge of
suffering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like as a father <i>pitieth</i> his children, so the
Lord <i>pitieth</i> them that fear him.</blockquote> <i>Ps. ciii.
13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move to pity; -- used
impersonally.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>pitieth</i> them to see her in the
dust.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pit"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be compassionate;
to show pity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not <i>pity</i>, nor spare, nor have
mercy.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xiii. 14.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pit"y*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Expressing pity; as,
a <i>pitying</i> eye, glance, or word.</def> -- <wf>Pit"y*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pit`y*ri"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?;, lit., bran.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A superficial affection
of the skin, characterized by irregular patches of thin scales which
are shed in branlike particles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Pityriasis versicolor</b></col><cd> [NL.] <i>(Med.)</i>,
a parasitic disease of the skin, characterized by the development of
reddish or brownish patches.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pit"y*roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bran + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Having the form of, or resembling, bran.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pi"&ugrave;</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>plus</i>. See <u>Plus</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A little more; as,
<i>pi&ugrave;</i> allegro, a little more briskly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Piv"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; prob. akin to It.
<i>piva</i> pipe, F. <i>pipe</i>. See <u>Pipe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fixed pin or short axis, on the end of which a wheel or other
body turns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The end of a shaft or arbor which rests and
turns in a support; as, the <i>pivot</i> of an arbor in a
watch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively: A turning point or
condition; that on which important results depend; as, the
<i>pivot</i> of an enterprise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The officer or soldier who
simply turns in his place whike the company or line moves around him
in wheeling; -- called also <i>pivot man</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pivot bridge</b></col>, <cd>a form of drawbridge in which
one span, called the <i>pivot span</i>, turns about a central vertical
axis.</cd> -- <col><b>Pivot gun</b></col>, <cd>a gun mounted on a
pivot or revolving carriage, so as to turn in any direction.</cd> --
<col><b>Pivot tooth</b></col> <i>(Dentistry)</i>, <cd>an artificial
crown attached to the root of a natural tooth by a pin or
peg.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Piv"ot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pivoted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pivoting</u>.] <def>To place on a pivot.</def>  <i>Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Piv"ot*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a pivot or turning point; belonging to, or constituting, a pivot;
of the nature of a pivot; as, the <i>pivotal</i>opportunity of a
career; the <i>pivotal</i> position in a battle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pyx</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pix"y</hw>, <hw>Pix"ie</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Pixies</b></plw> (#). [For <i>Pucksy</i>, from
<i>Puck</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An old English name for a fairy;
an elf.</def> [Written also <i>picksy</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A low creeping evergreen
plant (<i>Pyxidanthera barbulata</i>), with mosslike leaves and little
white blossoms, found in New Jersey and southward, where it flowers in
earliest spring.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pixy ring</b></col>, <cd>a fairy ring or circle.</cd>
[Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Pixy stool</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
toadstool or mushroom.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pix"y-led`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Led by pixies;
bewildered.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Piz`zi*ca"to</hw> (?). [It., pinched.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
direction to violinists to pluck the string with the finger, instead
of using the bow. (Abrev. pizz.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Piz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. G.
<i>pissel</i>, <i>pesel</i>, <i>peisel</i>, <i>peserich</i>, D.
<i>pees</i> a tendon or spring.] <def>The penis; -- so called in some
animals, as the bull.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla`ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>placabilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>placabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being placable or appeasable; placable
disposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>placabilis</i>, fr. <i>placare</i> to quiet, pacify: cf. F.
<i>placable</i>. See <u>Placate</u>.] <def>Capable of being appeased
or pacified; ready or willing to be pacified; willing to forgive or
condone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Methought I saw him <i>placable</i> and
mild.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla"ca*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being placable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*card"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>plaquer</i> to lay or clap on, <i>plaque</i> plate, tablet;
probably from Dutch, cf. D. <i>plakken</i> to paste, post up,
<i>plak</i> a flat piece of wood.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A public
proclamation; a manifesto or edict issued by authority.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>placards</i> or edicts are published in his
name.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Permission given by authority; a license;
as, to give a <i>placard</i> to do something.</def> [Obs.]
<i>ller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A written or printed paper, as an
advertisement or a declaration, posted, or to be posted, in a public
place; a poster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>An extra plate on the
lower part of the breastplate or backplate.</def>
<i>Planch&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Placket</u>.] <def>A kind of stomacher,
often adorned with jewels, worn in the fifteenth century and
later.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*card"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Placarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Placarding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To post placards upon or
within; as, to <i>placard</i> a wall, to <i>placard</i> the
city.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To announce by placards; as, to
<i>placard</i> a sale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plac"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Placard</u>, 4 &amp; 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Placated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Placating</u>.] [L. <i>placatus</i>, p. p. of <i>placare</i> to
placate, akin to <i>placere</i> to please. See <u>Please</u>.] <def>To
appease; to pacify; to concilate.</def> "Therefore is he always
propitiated and <i>placated</i>."  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>placatio</i>.] <def>The act of placating.</def> [R.]  <i>Puttenham
(1589).</i></p>

<p><hw>Place</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>platea</i>
a street, an area, a courtyard, from Gr. <grk>platei^a</grk> a street,
properly fem. of <grk>platy`s</grk>, flat, broad; akin to Skr.
<i>p&rsdot;thu</i>, Lith. <i>platus</i>.  Cf. <u>Flawn</u>,
<u>Piazza</u>, <u>Plate</u>, <u>Plaza</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any portion of space regarded as measured off or distinct from
all other space, or appropriated to some definite object or use;
position; ground; site; spot; rarely, unbounded space.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here is the <i>place</i> appointed.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>place</i> can be for us<BR>
Within heaven's bound?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The word <i>place</i> has sometimes a more confused
sense, and stands for that space which any body takes up; and so the
universe is a <i>place</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A broad way in a city; an open space; an
area; a court or short part of a street open only at one end.</def>
"Hangman boys in the market <i>place</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A position which is occupied and held; a
dwelling; a mansion; a village, town, or city; a fortified town or
post; a stronghold; a region or country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Are you native of this <i>place</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Rank; degree; grade; order of priority,
advancement, dignity, or importance; especially, social rank or
position; condition; also, official station; occupation;
calling.</def> "The enervating magic of <i>place</i>."
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men in great <i>place</i> are thrice
servants.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know my <i>place</i> as I would they should do
theirs.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Vacated or relinquished space; room; stead
(the departure or removal of another being or thing being
implied).</def> "In <i>place</i> of Lord Bassanio."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A definite position or passage of a
document.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>place</i> of the scripture which he read was
this.</blockquote> <i>Acts viii. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Ordinal relation; position in the order of
proceeding; as, he said in the first <i>place</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Reception; effect; -- implying the making
room for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My word hath no <i>place</i> in you.</blockquote>
<i>John viii. 37.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Position in the heavens,
as of a heavenly body; -- usually defined by its right ascension and
declination, or by its latitude and longitude.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Place of arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a place
calculated for the rendezvous of men in arms, etc., as a fort which
affords a safe retreat for hospitals, magazines, etc.</cd>
<i>Wilhelm.</i> -- <col><b>High place</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>,
<cd>a mount on which sacrifices were offered.</cd> "Him that offereth
in the <i>high place</i>." <i>Jer. xlviii. 35.</i> -- <col><b>In
place</b></col>, <cd>in proper position; timely.</cd> -- <col><b>Out
of place</b></col>, <cd>inappropriate; ill-timed; as, his remarks were
<i>out of place</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Place kick</b></col>
<i>(Football)</i>, <cd>the act of kicking the ball after it has been
placed on the ground.</cd> -- <col><b>Place name</b></col>, <cd>the
name of a place or locality.</cd> <i>London Academy.</i> -- <col><b>To
give place</b></col>, <cd>to make room; to yield; to give way; to give
advantage.</cd> "Neither <i>give place</i> to the devil." <i>Eph. iv.
27.</i> "Let all the rest <i>give place</i>." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>To have place</b></col>, <cd>to have a station, room, or seat;
as, such desires can <i>have</i> no <i>place</i> in a good heart.</cd>
-- <col><b>To take place</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To come to
pass; to occur; as, the ceremony will not <i>take place</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To take precedence or priority.</cd>
<i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To take effect; to
prevail.</cd> "If your doctrine <i>takes place</i>." <i>Berkeley.</i>
"But none of these excuses would <i>take place</i>." <i>Spenser.</i> -
- <col><b>To take the place of</b></col>, <cd>to be substituted
for.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Situation; seat; abode; position; locality;
location; site; spot; office; employment; charge; function; trust;
ground; room; stead.</p>

<p><hw>Place</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Placed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Placing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>placer</i>. See <u>Place</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To assign a place to; to
put in a particular spot or place, or in a certain relative position;
to direct to a particular place; to fix; to settle; to locate; as, to
<i>place</i> a book on a shelf; to <i>place</i> balls in
tennis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon my head they <i>placed</i> a fruitless
crown.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put or set in a particular rank, office,
or position; to surround with particular circumstances or relations in
life; to appoint to certain station or condition of life; as, in
whatever sphere one is <i>placed</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Place</i> such over them to be rulers.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xviii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put out at interest; to invest; to loan;
as, to <i>place</i> money in a bank.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To set; to fix; to repose; as, to
<i>place</i> confidence in a friend.</def> "My resolution 's
<i>placed</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To attribute; to ascribe; to set
down.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Place</i> it for her chief virtue.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To place</b></col> (a person), <cd>to identify him.</cd>
[Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Put</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Pla*ce"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., I shall please,
fut. of <i>placere</i> to please.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <def>The first antiphon of the vespers for the
dead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A prescription intended to
humor or satisfy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sing placebo</b></col>, <cd>to agree with one in his
opinion; to be complaisant to.</cd>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Place"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In the appointed
place.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Place"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no place or
office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Place"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Placemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who holds or occupies a
place; one who has office under government.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Place"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>placement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of placing, or the
state of being placed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Position; place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*cen"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Placent&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Placentas</b></plw>
(#). [L., a cake, Gr. &?; a flat cake, from &?; flat, fr. &?;, &?;,
anything flat and broad.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
vascular appendage which connects the fetus with the parent, and is
cast off in parturition with the afterbirth.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In most mammals the placenta is principally developed from
the allantois and chorion, and tufts of vascular villi on its surface
penetrate the blood vessels of the parental uterus, and thus establish
a nutritive and excretory connection between the blood of the fetus
and that of the parent, though the blood itself does not flow from one
to the other.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The part of a pistil or fruit
to which the ovules or seeds are attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*cen"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the placenta; having, or characterized by
having, a placenta; as, a <i>placental</i> mammal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Placentalia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*cen"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Placentalia.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1093 !></p>

<p><hw>||Plac`en*ta"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Mammalia including those that
have a placenta, or all the orders above the marsupials.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*cen"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
reference to the placenta; as, the <i>placentary</i> system of
classification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plac`en*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The mode of formation of the
placenta in different animals; as, the <i>placentation</i> of
mammals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The mode in which the
placenta is arranged or composed; as, axile <i>placentation</i>;
parietal <i>placentation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plac`en*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Placenta</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having or producing a placenta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*cen"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Placenta</i>
+ <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the shape of a placenta, or
circular thickened disk somewhat thinner about the middle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*cen"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Please</u>.] <def>Pleasing; amiable.</def> [Obs.] "A
<i>placentious</i> person."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Place"-proud`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Proud of rank
or office.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who places or
sets.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plac"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A deposit of
earth, sand, or gravel, containing valuable mineral in particles,
especially by the side of a river, or in the bed of a mountain
torrent.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pla"cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>placet</i> it
pleases.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vote of assent, as of the
governing body of a university, of an ecclesiastical council,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The assent of the civil power to the
promulgation of an ecclesiastical ordinance.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king . . . annulled the royal
<i>placet</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. P. Peters.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>placidus</i>,
originally, pleasing, mild, from <i>placere</i> to please: cf. F.
<i>placide</i>. See <u>Please</u>.] <def>Pleased; contented;
unruffied; undisturbed; serene; peaceful; tranquil; quiet;
gentle.</def> "That <i>placid</i> aspect and meek regard."
<i>Milton.</i> "Sleeping . . . the <i>placid</i> sleep of infancy."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla*cid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>placiditas</i>: cf. F. <i>placidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality
or state of being placid; calmness; serenity.</def>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plac"id*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a placid
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plac"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being placid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plac"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>placitum</i>. See
<u>Plea</u>.] <def>A decree or determination; a dictum.</def> [Obs.]
"The <i>placits</i> and opinions of other philosophers."
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plac"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Placit</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to pleas or pleading, in courts
of law.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Clayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Plac"i*tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Placita</b></plw> (#). [LL. See <u>Placit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A public court or assembly in the Middle Ages,
over which the sovereign president when a consultation was held upon
affairs of state.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>A court, or cause in
court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A plea; a pleading; a judicial
proceeding; a suit.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>plaque</i> a plate
of metal.  Cf. <u>Plaque</u>.] <def>A small copper coin formerly
current in Scotland, worth less than a cent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With not a <i>plack</i> in the pocket of the
poet.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plack"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>plaquer</i> to
lay or clap on. See <u>Placard</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
petticoat, esp. an under petticoat; hence, a cant term for a
woman.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The opening or slit left in a petticoat or
skirt for convenience in putting it on; -- called also <i>placket
hole</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A woman's pocket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plac"o*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
tablet + &?; skin.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of the
Placodermi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plac`o*der"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the placoderms; like the
placoderms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plac`o*der"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Placodermi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plac`o*der"mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, a tablet + &?; skin.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct
group of fishes, supposed to be ganoids. The body and head were
covered with large bony plates. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Pterichthys</u>, and <u>Coccosteus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plac`o*ga"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Placoganoidei.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plac`o*ga*noi"de*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, a tablet + NL. <i>ganoidei</i>. See
<u>Ganoidei</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of ganoid fishes
including those that have large external bony plates and a
cartilaginous skeleton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plac"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a tablet
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Platelike; having irregular,
platelike, bony scales, often bearing spines; pertaining to the
placoids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plac"oid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any fish having placoid scales, as the
sharks.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the Placoides.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pla*coi"des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of fishes including the sharks and
rays; the Elasmobranchii; -- called also <i>Placoidei</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*coid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the placoids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pla*coph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?;, &?;, tablet + &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of gastropod Mollusca, including the chitons. The back is
covered by eight shelly plates. Called also <i>Polyplacophora</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Chiton</u>, and <u>Isopleura</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pla"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Plag&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>pl&amacr;ga</i> a blow, a
welt, a stripe.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A stripe of color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., from Gr. &?;
sidewise, slanting.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Having a scale running from
the dominant to its octave; -- said of certain old church modes or
tunes, as opposed to those called <i>authentic</i>, which ran from the
tonic to its octave.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plagal cadence</b></col>, <cd>a cadence in which the final
chord on the tonic is preceded by the chord on the
subdominant.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pla"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having plag&aelig;, or irregular enlongated color
spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>plaga</i>.]
<def>A region; country.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>plages</i> of the north."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla"gia*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>plagiarisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of
plagiarizing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which plagiarized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"gia*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
plagiarizes; or purloins the words, writings, or ideas of another, and
passes them off as his own; a literary thief; a plagiary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"gia*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Plagiarized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Plagiarizing</u>.] <def>To steal or purloin from the
writings of another; to appropriate without due acknowledgement (the
ideas or expressions of another).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"gia*ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To commit
plagiarism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"gia*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Plagiaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>plagiarius</i> a kidnaper, a
literary thief, fr. <i>plagium</i> kidnaping; cf. <i>plaga</i> a net,
perh. akin to E. <i>plait</i>: cf. F. <i>plagiaire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A manstealer; a kidnaper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who purloins another's expressions or
ideas, and offers them as his own; a plagiarist.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Plagiarism; literary thief.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla"gia*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Kidnaping.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Practicing plagiarism.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla`gi*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; oblique
+ &?; base, seat.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Having an oblique spiral
arrangement of planes, as levogyrate and dextrogyrate
crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla`gi*o*ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
oblique + &?; the head.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having an oblique lateral
deformity of the skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla`gi*o*ceph"a*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Oblique lateral deformity of the skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"gi*o*clase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; oblique
+ &?; to break.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A general term used of any
triclinic feldspar. See the Note under <u>Feldspar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"gi*o*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; oblique.
So called in allusion to its usually oblique crystallization.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A sulphide of lead and antimony, of a blackish
lead-gray color and metallic luster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla`gi*o*stom"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Plagiostomous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"gi*o*stome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Plagiostomi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pla`gi*os"to*mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; slanting + &?;, &?;, mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of fishes including the sharks and rays; -- called also
<i>Plagiostomata</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla`gi*os"to*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Plagiostomi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pla`gi*o*trem"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; slanting + &?;, &?;, a hole.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Lepidosauria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla`gi*o*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; aslant
+ &?; to turn.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the longer axis inclined
away from the vertical line.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pla"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Civil
Law)</i> <def>Manstealing; kidnaping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*gose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>plagosus</i>.
See <u>Plague</u>.] <def>Fond of flogging; as, a <i>plagose</i>
master.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Plague</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>plaga</i> a blow,
stroke, plague; akin to Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to strike; cf. L.
<i>plangere</i> to strike, beat.  Cf. <u>Plaint</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which smites, wounds, or troubles; a
blow; a calamity; any afflictive evil or torment; a great trail or
vexation.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And men blasphemed God for the <i>plague</i> of
hail.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The different <i>plague</i> of each
calamity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An acute malignant contagious
fever, that often prevails in Egypt, Syria, and Turkey, and has at
times visited the large cities of Europe with frightful mortality;
hence, any pestilence; as, the great London <i>plague</i>.</def> "A
<i>plague</i> upon the people fell."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cattle plague</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Rinderpest</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Plague mark</b></col>, <col><b>Plague spot</b></col>, <cd>a
spot or mark of the plague; hence, a token of something
incurable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plague</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plagued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plaguing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To infest or afflict with
disease, calamity, or natural evil of any kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus were they <i>plagued</i><BR>
And worn with famine.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To vex; to tease; to
harass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She will <i>plague</i> the man that loves her
most.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To vex; torment; distress; afflict; harass; annoy;
tease; tantalize; trouble; molest; embarrass; perplex.</p>

<p><hw>Plague"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding, or
infecting, with plagues; pestilential; as, <i>plagueful</i>
exhalations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plague"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from plagues
or the plague.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"guer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who plagues or
annoys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"gui*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a plaguing
manner; vexatiously; extremely.</def> [Colloq.] "Ronsard is so
<i>plaguily</i> stiff and stately."  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla"guy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vexatious;
troublesome; tormenting; as, a <i>plaguy</i> horse. [Colloq.] Also
used adverbially; as, "He is so <i>plaguy</i> proud."</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plaice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>plaise</i>,
<i>plais</i>, prob. fr. L. <i>platessa</i> flatish, plaice. See
<u>Place</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A European
food fish (<i>Pleuronectes platessa</i>), allied to the flounder, and
growing to the weight of eight or ten pounds or more.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A large American flounder (<i>Paralichthys
dentatus</i>; called also <i>brail</i>, <i>puckermouth</i>, and
<i>summer flounder</i>. The name is sometimes applied to other allied
species.</def> [Written also <i>plaise</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Plaice mouth</b></col>, <cd>a mouth like that of a plaice;
a small or wry mouth.</cd> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plaid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>plaide</i> a
blanket or plaid, contr. fr. <i>peallaid</i> a sheepskin, fr.
<i>peall</i> a skin or hide. CF. <u>Pillion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A rectangular garment or piece of cloth, usually made of the
checkered material called tartan, but sometimes of plain gray, or gray
with black stripes. It is worn by both sexes in Scotland.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Goods of any quality or material of the
pattern of a plaid or tartan; a checkered cloth or pattern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plaid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a pattern or
colors which resemble a Scotch plaid; checkered or marked with bars or
stripes at right angles to one another; as, <i>plaid</i>
muslin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plaid"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
the material of which plaids are made; tartan.</def> "In
<i>plaided</i> vest."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wearing a plaid.</def>
<i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plaid"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Plaid
cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>playne</i>,
<i>pleyne</i>, fr. F. <i>plaindre</i>. See <u>Plaint</u>.] <def>To
lament; to bewail; to complain.</def> [Archaic &amp; Poetic]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We with piteous heart unto you
<i>pleyne</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lament; to mourn
over; as, to <i>plain</i> a loss.</def> [Archaic &amp; Poetic]  <i>Sir J.
Harrington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plain</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Plainer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Plainest</u>.] [F.,
level, flat, fr. L. <i>planus</i>, perhaps akin to E. <i>floor</i>.
Cf. <u>Llano</u>, <u>Piano</u>, <u>Plan</u>, <u>Plane</u> level, a
level surface.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without elevations or
depressions; flat; level; smooth; even. See <u>Plane</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The crooked shall be made straight, and the rough
places <i>plain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xl. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Open; clear; unencumbered; equal;
fair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our troops beat an army in <i>plain</i>
fight.</blockquote> <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not intricate or difficult; evident;
manifest; obvious; clear; unmistakable.</def> "'T is a <i>plain</i>
case."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Void of extraneous
beauty or ornament; without conspicious embellishment; not rich;
simple.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not highly cultivated;
unsophisticated; free from show or pretension; simple; natural;
homely; common.</def> "<i>Plain</i> yet pious Christians."
<i>Hammond.</i> "The <i>plain</i> people." <i>A. Lincoln.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Free from affectation or disguise; candid;
sincere; artless; honest; frank.</def> "An honest mind, and
<i>plain</i>." <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Not luxurious;
not highly seasoned; simple; as, <i>plain</i> food.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Without beauty; not handsome; homely; as, a
<i>plain</i> woman.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Not variegated,
dyed, or figured; as, <i>plain</i> muslin.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd>
<def>Not much varied by modulations; as, a <i>plain</i>
tune.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plain battle</b></col>, <cd>open battle; pitched
battle.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Plain chant</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Plain song</i>, below.</cd> --
<col><b>Plain chart</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a chart laid down on
Mercator's projection.</cd> -- <col><b>Plain dealer</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One who practices plain dealing</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A simpleton</cd>. [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Plain dealing</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Dealing</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Plain molding</b></col> <i>(Join.)</i>, <cd>molding of which
the surfaces are plain figures.</cd> -- <col><b>Plain
sewing</b></col>, <cd>sewing of seams by simple and common stitches,
in distinct from fancy work, embroidery, etc.; -- distinguished also
from designing and fitting garments.</cd> -- <col><b>Plain
song</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The Gregorian chant, or
<i>canto fermo</i>; the prescribed melody of the Roman Catholic
service, sung in unison, in tones of equal length, and rarely
extending beyond the compass of an octave</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A simple melody.</cd> -- <col><b>Plain speaking</b></col>,
<cd>plainness or bluntness of speech.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Level; flat; smooth; open; artless; unaffected;
undisguised; frank; sincere; honest; candid; ingenuous; unembellished;
downright; blunt; clear; simple; distinct; manifest; obvious;
apparent. See <u>Manifest</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Plain</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a plain manner;
plainly.</def> "To speak short and <i>pleyn</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i> "To
tell you <i>plain</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>plaigne</i>, F.
<i>plaine</i>. See <u>Plain</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Level land; usually, an open field or a broad
stretch of land with an even surface, or a surface little varied by
inequalities; as, the <i>plain</i> of Jordan; the American
<i>plains</i>, or prairies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Descending fro the mountain into
<i>playn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Him the Ammonite<BR>
Worshiped in Rabba and her watery <i>plain</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A field of battle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lead forth my soldiers to the
<i>plain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plained</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plaining</u>.] [Cf. <u>Plane</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To plane or level; to make plain or even on
the surface.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We would rake Europe rather, <i>plain</i> the
East.</blockquote> <i>Wither.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make plain or manifest; to
explain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What's dumb in show, I'll <i>plain</i> in
speech.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plain"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Plain</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who makes complaint; the
plaintiff.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Plain"-deal`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Practicing
plain dealing; artless. See <i>Plain dealing</i>, under
<u>Dealing</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plain"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Frank;
sincere; artless.</def> <i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Plain"-
heart`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Plain"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Complaint.</def>
[Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plain"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Complaining.</def>
[Poetic]  <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plain"-laid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Consisting of strands twisted together in the ordinary way; as, a
<i>plain-laid</i> rope. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Cordage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plain"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a plain manner;
clearly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plain"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being plain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plains"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
men</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who lives in the plains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plain"-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speaking
with plain, unreserved sincerity; also, spoken sincerely; as,
<i>plain-spoken</i> words.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plaint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>plainte</i>,
<i>pleynte</i>, F. <i>plainte</i>, fr. L. <i>plangere</i>,
<i>planctum</i> (<i>plancta</i>, fem. p. p.), to beat, beat the
breast, lament.  Cf. <u>Complain</u>, <u>Plague</u>, <u>Plangent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Audible expression of sorrow; lamentation;
complaint; hence, a mournful song; a lament.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i>"The
Psalmist's mournful <i>plaint</i>." <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An accusation or protest on account of an
injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are three just grounds of war with Spain: one of
<i>plaint</i>, two upon defense.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A private memorial tendered to
a court, in which a person sets forth his cause of action; the
exhibiting of an action in writing.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1094 !></p>

<p><hw>Plaint"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing a
plaint; complaining; expressing sorrow with an audible voice.</def>
"My <i>plaintful</i> tongue."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plain"tiff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>plaintif</i>
making complaint, plaintive; in Old French equiv. to <i>plaignant</i>
complainant, prosecutor, fr. <i>plaindre</i>. See <u>Plaint</u>, and
cf. <u>Plaintive</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who commences a personal
action or suit to obtain a remedy for an injury to his rights; --
opposed to <i>defendant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plain"tiff</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Plaintive</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plain"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>plaintif</i>.
See <u>Plaintiff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Repining; complaining; lamenting.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressive of sorrow or melancholy;
mournful; sad.</def> "The most <i>plaintive</i> ditty."
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Plain"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Plain"tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Plaint"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
complaint; unrepining.</def> "<i>Plaintless</i> patience."
<i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plai`sance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Pleasance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plaise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Plaice</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Plais"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Plaster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plait</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>playte</i>, OF.
<i>pleit</i>, L. <i>plicatum</i>, <i>plicitum</i>, p. p. of
<i>plicare</i> to fold, akin to <i>plectere</i> to plait. See
<u>Ply</u>, and cf. <u>Plat</u> to weave, <u>Pleat</u>, <u>Plight</u>
fold.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flat fold; a doubling, as of cloth; a
pleat; as, a box <i>plait</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>plaits</i> and foldings of the
drapery.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A braid, as of hair or straw; a
plat.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polish plait</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Plica</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plait</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plaited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plaiting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fold; to double in narrow
folds; to pleat; as, to <i>plait</i> a ruffle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To interweave the strands or locks of; to
braid; to plat; as, to <i>plait</i> hair; to <i>plait</i>
rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plait"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Folded; doubled over;
braided; figuratively, involved; intricate; artful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time shall unfold what <i>plaited</i> cunning
hides.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plait"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, plaits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>planus</i>
flat, level. See <u>Plain</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A draught or form; properly, a representation
drawn on a plane, as a map or a chart; especially, a top view, as of a
machine, or the representation or delineation of a horizontal section
of anything, as of a building; a graphic representation; a
diagram.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A scheme devised; a method of action or
procedure expressed or described in language; a project; as, the
<i>plan</i> of a constitution; the <i>plan</i> of an
expedition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God's <i>plans</i> like lines pure and white
unfold.</blockquote> <i>M. R. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A method; a way of procedure; a
custom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The simple <i>plan</i>,<BR>
That they should take who have the power,<BR>
And they should keep who can.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Body plan</b></col>, <col><b>Floor plan</b></col>, <cd>etc.
See under <u>Body</u>, <u>Floor</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Scheme; draught; delineation; plot; sketch; project;
design; contrivance; device. See <u>Scheme</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Plan</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Planned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Planning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form a delineation of; to
draught; to represent, as by a diagram.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To scheme; to devise; to contrive; to form
in design; as, to <i>plan</i> the conquest of a country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even in penance, <i>planning</i> sins
anew.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pla*na"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Planari&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>-rias</b></plw> (#).
[NL. See <u>Planary</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
turbellarian worms belonging to <i>Planaria</i>, and many allied
genera. The body is usually flat, thin, and smooth. Some species, in
warm countries, are terrestrial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Planarida, or Dendroc&oelig;la; any turbellarian
worm.</def> -- <wf>Pla*na"ri*an</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pla*nar"i*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Turbellaria; the
Dendroc&oelig;la.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*na"ri*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Planaria</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like the planarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>planarius</i>
level. See <u>Plane</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Of or pertaining
to a plane.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Planch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>planche</i>.]
<def>A plank.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Planch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Planched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Planching</u>.] [F. <i>planche</i> a board, plank. See
<u>Plank</u>.] <def>To make or cover with planks or boards; to
plank.</def> [Obs.] "To that vineyard is a <i>planched</i> gate."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Planch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., <i>planche</i>.
See <u>Planch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A floor of wood; also, a
plank.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The under side of a cornice;
a soffit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Planch"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form of
planks.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Planch"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>planchette</i>
a small board, dim. of <i>planche</i>. See <u>Planch</u>.] <def>A flat
piece of metal; especially, a disk of metal ready to be stamped as a
coin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan`chette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Planchet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A circumferentor. See
<u>Circumferentor</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small tablet of wood supported on casters
and having a pencil attached. The characters produced by the pencil on
paper, while the hand rests on the instrument and it is allowed to
move, are sometimes translated as of oracular or supernatural
import.</def></p>

<p><hw>Planch"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The laying of
floors in a building; also, a floor of boards or planks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>platanus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; broad; -- so called on account of
its broad leaves and spreading form. See <u>Place</u>, and cf.
<u>Platane</u>, <u>Plantain</u> the tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any tree
of the genus Platanus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Oriental plane (<i>Platanus orientalis</i>) is a native
of Asia. It rises with a straight, smooth, branching stem to a great
height, with palmated leaves, and long pendulous peduncles, sustaining
several heads of small close-sitting flowers. The seeds are downy, and
collected into round, rough, hard balls. The Occidental plane
(<i>Platanus occidentalis</i>), which grows to a great height, is a
native of North America, where it is popularly called <i>sycamore</i>,
<i>buttonwood</i>, and <i>buttonball</i>, names also applied to the
California species (<i>Platanus racemosa</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Plane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>planus</i>: cf. F.
<i>plan</i>. See <u>Plan</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Without
elevations or depressions; even; level; flat; lying in, or
constituting, a plane; as, a <i>plane</i> surface.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In science, this word (instead of <i>plain</i>) is almost
exclusively used to designate a flat or level surface.</p>

<p><col><b>Plane angle</b></col>, <cd>the angle included between two
straight lines in a plane.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane chart</b></col>,
<col><b>Plane curve</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Chart</u> and
<u>Curve</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane figure</b></col>, <cd>a figure all
points of which lie in the same plane. If bounded by straight lines it
is a <i>rectilinear plane figure</i>, if by curved lines it is a
<i>curvilinear plane figure</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane
geometry</b></col>, <cd>that part of geometry which treats of the
relations and properties of plane figures.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane
problem</b></col>, <cd>a problem which can be solved geometrically by
the aid of the right line and circle only.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane
sailing</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the method of computing a ship's
place and course on the supposition that the earth's surface is a
plane.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane scale</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
scale for the use of navigators, on which are graduated chords, sines,
tangents, secants, rhumbs, geographical miles, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Plane surveying</b></col>, <cd>surveying in which the
curvature of the earth is disregarded; ordinary field and
topographical surveying of tracts of moderate extent.</cd> --
<col><b>Plane table</b></col>, <cd>an instrument used for plotting the
lines of a survey on paper in the field.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane
trigonometry</b></col>, <cd>the branch of trigonometry in which its
principles are applied to plane triangles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plane</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>plane</i>, L.
<i>plana</i>. See <u>Plane</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
surface, real or imaginary, in which, if any two points are taken, the
straight line which joins them lies wholly in that surface; or a
surface, any section of which by a like surface is a straight line; a
surface without curvature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An ideal surface,
conceived as coinciding with, or containing, some designated
astronomical line, circle, or other curve; as, the <i>plane</i> of an
orbit; the <i>plane</i> of the ecliptic, or of the equator.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A block or plate having a
perfectly flat surface, used as a standard of flatness; a surface
plate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Joinery)</i> <def>A tool for smoothing
boards or other surfaces of wood, for forming moldings, etc. It
consists of a smooth-soled stock, usually of wood, from the under side
or face of which projects slightly the steel cutting edge of a chisel,
called the <i>iron</i>, which inclines backward, with an apperture in
front for the escape of shavings; as, the jack <i>plane</i>; the
smoothing <i>plane</i>; the molding <i>plane</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Objective plane</b></col> <i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>the
horizontal plane upon which the object which is to be delineated, or
whose place is to be determined, is supposed to stand.</cd> --
<col><b>Perspective plane</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Perspective</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Plane at infinity</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a plane in
which points infinitely distant are conceived as situated.</cd> --
<col><b>Plane iron</b></col>, <cd>the cutting chisel of a joiner's
plane.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane of polarization</b></col>. <i>(Opt.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Polarization</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane of
projection</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The plane on which the
projection is made, corresponding to the <i>perspective plane</i> in
perspective; -- called also <i>principal plane</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Descriptive Geom.)</i> <cd>One of the planes
to which points are referred for the purpose of determining their
relative position in space.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane of
refraction</b></col> or <col><b>reflection</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>,
<cd>the plane in which lie both the incident ray and the refracted or
reflected ray.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plane</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Planed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Planing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>planer</i>, L. <i>planare</i>, fr.
<i>planus</i>. See <u>Plane</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Plain</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Planish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make smooth; to level; to pare off the inequalities of the
surface of, as of a board or other piece of wood, by the use of a
plane; as, to <i>plane</i> a plank.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To efface or remove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>planed</i> away the names . . . written on his
tables.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, to make plain or
smooth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What student came but that you <i>planed</i> her
path.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plane`-par"al*lel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Optics)</i> <def>Having opposite surfaces exactly plane and
parallel, as a piece of glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, planes; a planing machine; esp., a
machine for planing wood or metals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A wooden block used for
forcing down the type in a form, and making the surface even.</def>
<i>Hansard.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Planer centers</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Center</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plan"er tree`</hw> (?). [From J. S. <i>Planer</i>, a German
botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small-leaved North American tree
(<i>Planera aquatica</i>) related to the elm, but having a wingless,
nutlike fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>planete</i>, F.
<i>plan&egrave;te</i>, L. <i>planeta</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, and &?; a
planet; prop. wandering, fr. &?; to wander, fr. &?; a wandering.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A celestial body which
revolves about the sun in an orbit of a moderate degree of
eccentricity. It is distinguished from a <i>comet</i> by the absence
of a coma, and by having a less eccentric orbit. See <u>Solar
system</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>planet</i> was first used to distinguish those
stars which have an apparent motion through the constellations from
the <i>fixed</i> stars, which retain their relative places unchanged.
The <i>inferior planets</i> are Mercury and Venus, which are nearer to
the sun than is the earth; the <i>superior planets</i> are Mars, the
asteroids, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, which are farther
from the sun than is the earth. <i>Primary planets</i> are those which
revolve about the sun; <i>secondary planets</i>, or <i>moons</i>, are
those which revolve around the primary planets as satellites, and at
the same time revolve with them about the sun.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A star, as influencing the fate of a
men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There's some ill <i>planet</i> reigns.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Planet gear</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>See <i>Epicyclic
train</i>, under <u>Epicyclic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Planet
wheel</b></col>, <cd>a gear wheel which revolves around the wheel with
which it meshes, in an epicyclic train.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plane" ta`ble</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Plane</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Plan`e*ta"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf. F.
<i>plan&eacute;taire</i>. See <u>Planetary</u>.] <def>An orrery. See
<u>Orrery</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Plan"et*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>planetarius</i> an astrologer, F. <i>plan&eacute;taire</i>
planetary. See <u>Planet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the planets; as, <i>planetary</i> inhabitants;
<i>planetary</i> motions; <i>planetary</i> year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of planets; as, a
<i>planetary</i> system.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Under the dominion or
influence of a planet.</def> "Skilled in the <i>planetary</i> hours."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Caused by planets.</def> "A
<i>planetary</i> plague."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having the nature of a planet; erratic;
revolving; wandering.</def> "Erratical and <i>planetary</i> life."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Planetary days</b></col>, <cd>the days of the week as
shared among the planets known to the ancients, each having its
day.</cd> <i>Hutton.</i> -- <col><b>Planetary nebula</b></col>, <cd>a
nebula exhibiting a uniform disk, like that of a planet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plan"et*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to
planets.</def> [R.]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pla*net"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pla*net"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>planeticus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or
pertaining to planets.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plan"et*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Planet</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A body resembling a planet; an
asteroid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan"et*oid*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to a planetoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plane" tree`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as 1st
<u>Plane</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plan"et-strick`en</hw> (?), <hw>Plan"et-struck`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected by the influence of planets;
blasted.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like <i>planet-stricken</i> men of yore<BR>
He trembles, smitten to the core<BR>
By strong compunction and remorse.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plan"et*ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
planet.</def> [R.]  <i>Conybeare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plan"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being plangent; a beating sound.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Plan"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>plangens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, fr. <i>plangere</i> to beat. See <u>Plaint</u>.]
<def>Beating; dashing, as a wave.</def> [R.] "The <i>plangent</i>
wave."  <i>H. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plan"i-</hw> (?), <hw>Plan"o-</hw> (?) }. [L. <i>planus</i>.
See <u>Plane</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Combining forms
signifying <i>flat</i>, <i>level</i>, <i>plane</i>; as
<i>plani</i>folious, <i>plani</i>metry, <i>plano</i>-
concave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan`i*fo"li*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Plani-</i>
+ L. <i>folium</i> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Flat-leaved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Having a plane surface; as, a <i>planiform</i>, gliding, or
arthrodial articulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*nim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Plani-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.  Cf. <u>Planometer</u>.] <def>An instrument for
measuring the area of any plane figure, however irregular, by passing
a tracer around the bounding line; a platometer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plan`i*met"ric</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Plan`i*met"ric*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>planim&eacute;trique</i>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to planimetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*nim"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>planim&eacute;trie</i>.] <def>The mensuration of plane surfaces; --
distinguished from <i>stereometry</i>, or the mensuration of
volumes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> fr.
<u>Plane</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Planing machine</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>See
<u>Planer</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A complex machine for
planing wood, especially boards, containing usually a rapidly
revolving cutter, which chips off the surface in small shavings as the
piece to be planed is passed under it by feeding apparatus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pla`ni*pen"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Planipennia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pla`ni*pen"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>planus</i> plane + <i>penna</i> wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A suborder of Neuroptera, including those that have broad, flat
wings, as the ant-lion, lacewing, etc. Called also
<i>Planipennes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan`i*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Plani-</i>
+ <i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having flat petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Planished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Planishing</u>.] [OF. <i>planir</i>, F. <i>planer</i>. See
<u>Plane</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and <u>-ish</u>.] <def>To make
smooth or plane, as a metallic surface; to condense, toughen, and
polish by light blows with a hammer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan"ish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, planishes.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plan"ish*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> from
<u>Planish</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Planishing rolls</b></col> <i>(Coining)</i>, <cd>rolls
between which metal strips are passed while cold, to bring them to
exactly the required thickness.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plan"i*sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Plani-</i> +
<i>sphere</i>: cf. F. <i>planisph&egrave;re</i>. See <u>Plain</u>, and
<u>Sphere</u>.] <def>The representation of the circles of the sphere
upon a plane; especially, a representation of the celestial sphere
upon a plane with adjustable circles, or other appendages, for showing
the position of the heavens, the time of rising and setting of stars,
etc., for any given date or hour.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan`i*spher"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a planisphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plank</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>planke</i>, OF.
<i>planque</i>, <i>planche</i>, F. <i>planche</i>, fr. L.
<i>planca</i>; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;, anything flat and broad.  Cf.
<u>Planch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A broad piece of sawed timber,
differing from a board only in being thicker. See
<u>Board</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which supports or upholds, as a
board does a swimmer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His charity is a better <i>plank</i> than the faith of
an intolerant and bitter-minded bigot.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the separate articles in a
declaration of the principles of a party or cause; as, a <i>plank</i>
in the national platform.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><col><b>Plank road</b></col>, or <col><b>Plank way</b></col>, <cd>a
road surface formed of planks.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>To walk the
plank</b></col>, <cd>to walk along a plank laid across the bulwark of
a ship, until one overbalances it and falls into the sea; -- a method
of disposing of captives practiced by pirates.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1095 !></p>

<p><hw>Plank</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Planked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Planking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover or lay with planks;
as, to <i>plank</i> a floor or a ship.</def> "<i>Planked</i> with
pine."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay down, as on a plank or table; to
stake or pay cash; as, to <i>plank</i> money in a wager.</def>
[Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To harden, as hat bodies, by
felting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Wooden Manuf.)</i> <def>To splice together
the ends of slivers of wool, for subsequent drawing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Planked shad</b></col>, <cd>shad split open, fastened to a
plank, and roasted before a wood fire.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plank"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of laying planks; also, planks, collectively; a series of
planks in place, as the wooden covering of the frame of a
vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of splicing slivers. See
<u>Plank</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plank"-sheer`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>The course of plank laid horizontally over
the timberheads of a vessel's frame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
plan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who plans; a
projector.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"no-</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Plani-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan"o*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to wander
+ <i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any free-swimming gonophore
of a hydroid; a hydroid medusa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"no-con"cave</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Plano-</i> +
<i>concave</i>.] <def>Plane or flat on one side, and concave on the
other; as, a <i>plano-concave</i> lens. See <u>Lens</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"no-con"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Plano-</i>
+ <i>conical</i>.] <def>Plane or flat on one side, and conical on the
other.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla"no-con"vex</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Plano-</i> +
<i>convex</i>.] <def>Plane or flat on one side, and convex on the
other; as, a <i>plano-convex</i> lens. See <u>Convex</u>, and
<u>Lens</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"no-hor`i*zon"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Plano-
</i> + <i>horizontal</i>.] <def>Having a level horizontal surface or
position.</def>  <i>Lee.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Plano-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.  Cf. <u>Planimeter</u>.] <def>An instrument for gauging
or testing a plane surface. See <i>Surface gauge</i>, under
<u>Surface</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*nom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i>
<def>The art or process of producing or gauging a plane
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"no-or*bic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Plano-
</i> + <i>orbicular</i>.] <def>Plane or flat on one side, and
spherical on the other.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pla*nor"bis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>planus</i> flat + <i>orbis</i> a circle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any fresh-water air-breathing mollusk belonging to
<i>Planorbis</i> and other allied genera, having shells of a discoidal
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"no-su"bu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Plano-</i>
+ <i>subulate</i>.] <def>Smooth and awl-shaped. See
<u>Subulate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>plante</i>, L.
<i>planta</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vegetable; an organized
living being, generally without feeling and voluntary motion, and
having, when complete, a root, stem, and leaves, though consisting
sometimes only of a single leafy expansion, or a series of cellules,
or even a single cellule.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Plants are divided by their structure and methods of
reproduction into two series, <i>ph&aelig;nogamous</i> or <i>flowering
plants</i>, which have true flowers and seeds, and <i>cryptogamous</i>
or <i>flowerless plants</i>, which have no flowers, and reproduce by
minute one-celled spores. In both series are minute and simple forms
and others of great size and complexity.</p>

<p>    As to their mode of nutrition, plants may be considered as
<i>self-supporting</i> and <i>dependent</i>. <i>Self-supporting
plants</i> always contain chlorophyll, and subsist on air and moisture
and the matter dissolved in moisture, and as a general rule they
excrete oxygen, and use the carbonic acid to combine with water and
form the material for their tissues. <i>Dependent plants</i> comprise
all fungi and many flowering plants of a parasitic or saprophytic
nature. As a rule, they have no chlorophyll, and subsist mainly or
wholly on matter already organized, thus utilizing carbon compounds
already existing, and not excreting oxygen. But there are plants which
are partly dependent and partly self-supporting.</p>

<p>    The movements of climbing plants, of some insectivorous plants,
of leaves, stamens, or pistils in certain plants, and the ciliary
motion of zo&ouml;spores, etc., may be considered a kind of voluntary
motion.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bush, or young tree; a sapling; hence, a
stick or staff.</def> "A <i>plant</i> of stubborn oak."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The sole of the foot.</def> [R.] "Knotty
legs and <i>plants</i> of clay."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The whole machinery and
apparatus employed in carrying on a trade or mechanical business;
also, sometimes including real estate, and whatever represents
investment of capital in the means of carrying on a business, but not
including material worked upon or finished products; as, the
<i>plant</i> of a foundry, a mill, or a railroad.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A plan; an artifice; a swindle; a
trick.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>It was n't a bad <i>plant</i>, that of mine, on
Fikey.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
oyster which has been bedded, in distinction from one of natural
growth.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A young oyster suitable for
transplanting.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Plant bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous hemipterous insects which injure the foliage of plants, as
<i>Lygus lineolaris</i>, which damages wheat and trees.</cd> --
<col><b>Plant cutter</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South
American passerine bird of the genus <i>Phytotoma</i>, family
<i>Phytotomid&aelig;</i>. It has a serrated bill with which it cuts
off the young shoots and buds of plants, often doing much injury.</cd>
-- <col><b>Plant louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any small
hemipterous insect which infests plants, especially those of the
families <i>Aphid&aelig;</i> and <i>Psyllid&aelig;</i>; an
aphid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Planted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Planting</u>.] [AS. <i>plantian</i>, L. <i>plantare</i>. See
<u>Plant</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put in
the ground and cover, as seed for growth; as, to <i>plant</i>
maize.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set in the ground for growth, as a young
tree, or a vegetable with roots.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not <i>plant</i> thee a grove of any
trees.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xvi. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish, or fit out, with plants; as, to
<i>plant</i> a garden, an orchard, or a forest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To engender; to generate; to set the germ
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It engenders choler, <i>planteth</i>
anger.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a fixed and organized
population; to settle; to establish; as, to <i>plant</i> a
colony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Planting</i> of countries like planting of
woods.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To introduce and establish the principles
or seeds of; as, to <i>plant</i> Christianity among the
heathen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To set firmly; to fix; to set and direct,
or point; as, to <i>plant</i> cannon against a fort; to <i>plant</i> a
standard in any place; to <i>plant</i> one's feet on solid ground; to
<i>plant</i> one's fist in another's face.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To set up; to install; to
instate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We will <i>plant</i> some other in the
throne.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plant</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform the act of
planting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>planted</i>; Apollos watered.</blockquote>
<i>1 Cor. iii. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plant"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being planted; fit to be planted.</def>  <i>B. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plant"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word used once
by Shakespeare to designate plants in general, or anything that is
planted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As true as steel, as <i>plantage</i> to the
moon.</blockquote> <i>Shak. (Troil. iii. sc. 2).</i></p>

<p><hw>Plan"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>plantain-
arbre</i>, <i>plantanier</i>, Sp. <i>pl&aacute;ntano</i>,
<i>pl&aacute;tano</i>; prob. same word as <i>plane</i> tree.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A treelike perennial herb
(<i>Musa paradisiaca</i>) of tropical regions, bearing immense leaves
and large clusters of the fruits called <i>plantains</i>. See
<u>Musa</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fruit of this plant. It is long and
somewhat cylindrical, slightly curved, and, when ripe, soft, fleshy,
and covered with a thick but tender yellowish skin. The plantain is a
staple article of food in most tropical countries, especially when
cooked.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plantain cutter</b></col>, or <col><b>Plantain
eater</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several large
African birds of the genus <i>Musophaga</i>, or family
<i>Musophagid&aelig;</i>, especially <i>Musophaga violacea</i>. See
<u>Turaco</u>. They are allied to the cuckoos.</cd> --
<col><b>Plantain squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a Java
squirrel (<i>Sciurus plantani</i>) which feeds upon plantains.</cd> --
<col><b>Plantain tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the treelike herb
<i>Musa paradisiaca</i>. See def. 1 (above).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plan"tain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>plantago</i>.  Cf. <u>Plant</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of
the genus <i>Plantago</i>, but especially the <i>P. major</i>, a low
herb with broad spreading radical leaves, and slender spikes of minute
flowers. It is a native of Europe, but now found near the abode of
civilized man in nearly all parts of the world.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Indian plantain</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Indian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mud plantain</b></col>, <cd>a homely
North American aquatic plant (<i>Heteranthera reniformis</i>), having
broad, reniform leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Rattlesnake
plantain</b></col>, <cd>an orchidaceous plant (<i>Goodyera
pubescens</i>), with the leaves blotched and spotted with white.</cd>
-- <col><b>Ribwort plantain</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Ribwort</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Robin's plantain</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Erigeron
bellidifolium</i>, a common daisylike plant of North America.</cd> --
<col><b>Water plantain</b></col>, <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Alisma</i>, having acrid leaves, and formerly regarded as a
specific against hydrophobia.</cd> <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plant"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>planta</i> a
plant.] <def>Belonging to plants; as, <i>plantal</i> life.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plan"tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>plantaris</i>,
fr. <i>planta</i> the sole of the foot.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the sole of the foot; as, the <i>plantar</i>
arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>plantatio</i>: cf. F. <i>plantation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or practice of planting, or setting in the earth for
growth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place planted; land brought under
cultivation; a piece of ground planted with trees or useful plants;
esp., in the United States and West Indies, a large estate
appropriated to the production of the more important crops, and
cultivated by laborers who live on the estate; as, a cotton
<i>plantation</i>; a coffee <i>plantation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An original settlement in a new country; a
colony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While these <i>plantations</i> were forming in
Connecticut.</blockquote> <i>B. Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plant"-cane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stalk or
shoot of sugar cane of the first growth from the cutting. The growth
of the second and following years is of inferior quality, and is
called <i>rattoon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plant"-eat`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Eating, or
subsisting on, plants; as, a <i>plant-eating</i> beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plant"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Joinery)</i>
<def>Fixed in place, as a projecting member wrought on a separate
piece of stuff; as, a <i>planted</i> molding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plant"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, plants or sows; as, a <i>planter</i>of
corn; a machine <i>planter</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who owns or cultivates a plantation;
as, a sugar <i>planter</i>; a coffee <i>planter</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A colonist in a new or uncultivated
territory; as, the first <i>planters</i> in Virginia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plant"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The occupation or
position of a planter, or the management of a plantation, as in the
United States or the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plant"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<u>Plant</u>.] <def>A young plant, or plant in embryo.</def>  <i>E.
Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Plan`ti*gra"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A subdivision of Carnivora having plantigrade
feet. It includes the bears, raccoons, and allied species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan"ti*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>planta</i>
sole of the foot + <i>gradi</i> to walk: cf. F. <i>plantigrade</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Walking on the sole of
the foot; pertaining to the plantigrades.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Having the foot so formed that the heel touches the ground when
the leg is upright.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan"ti*grade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A plantigrade animal, or one that walks or steps on the sole of
the foot, as man, and the bears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plant"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or operation of setting in the ground for propagation, as
seeds, trees, shrubs, etc.; the forming of plantations, as of trees;
the carrying on of plantations, as of sugar, coffee, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is planted; a
plantation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trees of righteousness, the <i>planting</i> of the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Isa. lxi. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The laying of the first
courses of stone in a foundation.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Plant"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without plants;
barren of vegetation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plant"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plan*toc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Planter</i> +
<i>-cracy</i>, as in <i>democracy</i>.] <def>Government by planters;
planters, collectively.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Plant"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>plante</i> a plant, L. <i>planta</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
embryo which has begun its development in the act of
germination.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plan"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Planul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a little plane.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>In embryonic development, a
vesicle filled with fluid, formed from the morula by the divergence of
its cells in such a manner as to give rise to a central space, around
which the cells arrange themselves as an envelope; an embryonic form
intermediate between the morula and gastrula. Sometimes used as
synonymous with <i>gastrula</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The very young, free-
swimming larva of the c&oelig;lenterates. It usually has a flattened
oval or oblong form, and is entirely covered with cilia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Planx"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>plangere</i>
to mourn aloud.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An Irish or Welsh melody for the
harp, sometimes of a mournful character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plaque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf. <u>Plack</u>,
and see <u>Placard</u>.] <def>Any flat, thin piece of metal, clay,
ivory, or the like, used for ornament, or for painting pictures upon,
as a slab, plate, dish, or the like, hung upon a wall; also, a smaller
decoration worn on the person, as a brooch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OD. <i>plasch</i>. See
<u>Plash</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
pool of standing water; a puddle.</def> <i>Bacon.</i> "These shallow
<i>plashes</i>." <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dash of water; a splash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plashing</u>.] [Cf. D. <i>plassen</i>, G. <i>platschen</i>.  Cf.
<u>Splash</u>.] <def>To dabble in water; to splash.</def>
"<i>Plashing</i> among bedded pebbles."  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Far below him <i>plashed</i> the waters.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
splash, as water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To splash or sprinkle with coloring matter;
as, to <i>plash</i> a wall in imitation of granite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plashed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plashing</u>.] [OF. <i>plaissier</i>, <i>plessier</i>, to bend.
Cf. <u>Pleach</u>.] <def>To cut partly, or to bend and intertwine the
branches of; as, to <i>plash</i> a hedge.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The branch of a tree
partly cut or bent, and bound to, or intertwined with, other
branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plash"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Plash</i> + <i>-
et</i>.] <def>A small pond or pool; a puddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plash"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The cutting or bending and intertwining the branches of small
trees, as in hedges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dashing or sprinkling of coloring
matter on the walls of buildings, to imitate granite, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plash"oot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hedge or fence
formed of branches of trees interlaced, or <i>plashed</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 1st <u>Plash</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Watery; abounding with puddles; splashy.</def>
"<i>Plashy</i> fens." <i>Milton.</i> "The <i>plashy</i> earth."
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specked, as if plashed with color.</def>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>plasma</i> anything
formed or molded, that which is molded, Gr. &?;, &?;, from &?; to
form, mold: cf. F. <i>plasme</i>.  Cf. <u>Plasma</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mold or matrix in which anything is cast or
formed to a particular shape.</def> [R.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Plasma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plas"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Plasm</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of quartz, of a color
between grass green and leek green, which is found associated with
common chalcedony. It was much esteemed by the ancients for making
engraved ornaments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The viscous material of an
animal or vegetable cell, out of which the various tissues are formed
by a process of differentiation; protoplasm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unorganized material; elementary
matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A mixture of starch and
glycerin, used as a substitute for ointments.</def>  <i>U. S.
Disp.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Blood plasma</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the colorless
fluid of the blood, in which the red and white blood corpuscles are
suspended.</cd> -- <col><b>Muscle plasma</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>,
<cd>the fundamental part of muscle fibers, a thick, viscid, albuminous
fluid contained within the sarcolemma, which on the death of the
muscle coagulates to a semisolid mass.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1096 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plas*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Plas*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Forming;
shaping; molding.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to plasma;
having the character of plasma; containing, or conveying,
plasma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plas*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>plasmatio</i>.] <def>The act of forming or molding.</def> [R.]
<i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plas*ma"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A former;
a fashioner.</def> [R.] "The sovereign <i>plasmator</i>, God
Almighty."  <i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plas"ma*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Form;
mold.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Plas"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or connected with, plasma; plasmatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plas"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>A proteid body, separated by some physiologists from blood
plasma. It is probably identical with fibrinogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plas*mo"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to, or like, a plasmodium; as, the
<i>plasmodial</i> form of a life cycle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plas*mo"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Plasmodia</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Plasma</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A jellylike mass of free
protoplasm, without any union of am&oelig;boid cells, and endowed with
life and power of motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A naked mobile mass of
protoplasm, formed by the union of several am&oelig;balike young, and
constituting one of the stages in the life cycle of Mycetozoa and
other low organisms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plas"mo*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Plasma</i> +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The important living portion of
protoplasm, considered a chemical substance of the highest
elaboration.  Germ plasm and idioplasm are forms of
plasmogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plas"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; to
form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The albuminous material composing the body
of a cytode.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is considered simpler than protoplasm of an ordinary cell
in that it has not undergone differentiation into the inner cell
nucleus and the outer cell substance.  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plas"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS., a plaster (in
sense 1), fr. L. <i>emplastrum</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?; to daub on,
stuff in; &?; in + &?; to mold: cf. OF. <i>plastre</i> a plaster (in
sense 2), F. <i>pl&acirc;tre</i>.  Cf. <u>Plastic</u>,
<u>Emplaster</u>, <u>Piaster</u>.] [Formerly written also
<i>plaister</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An external
application of a consistency harder than ointment, prepared for use by
spreading it on linen, leather, silk, or other material. It is
adhesive at the ordinary temperature of the body, and is used,
according to its composition, to produce a medicinal effect, to bind
parts together, etc.; as, a porous <i>plaster</i>; sticking
<i>plaster</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A composition of lime, water, and sand,
with or without hair as a bond, for coating walls, ceilings, and
partitions of houses. See <u>Mortar</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Calcined gypsum, or plaster of Paris,
especially when ground, as used for making ornaments, figures,
moldings, etc.; or calcined gypsum used as a fertilizer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plaster cast</b></col>, <cd>a copy of an object obtained by
pouring plaster of Paris mixed with water into a mold.</cd> --
<col><b>Plaster of Paris</b></col>. [So called because originally
brought from a suburb of Paris.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>Anhydrous calcium
sulphate, or calcined gypsum, which forms with water a paste which
soon sets or hardens, and is used for casts, moldings, etc. The term
is loosely applied to any plaster stone or species of gypsum.</cd> --
<col><b>Plaster of Paris bandage</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>a
bandage saturated with a paste of plaster of Paris, which on drying
forms a perfectly fitting splint.</cd> -- <col><b>Plaster
stone</b></col>, <cd>any species of gypsum. See
<u>Gypsum</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plas"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plastered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plastering</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>plastrer</i> to plaster (in sense 2),
F. <i>pl&acirc;trer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a
plaster, as a wound or sore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overlay or cover with plaster, as the
ceilings and walls of a house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To smooth over; to cover or conceal
the defects of; to hide, as with a covering of plaster.</def>
<i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plas"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who applies plaster or mortar.</def> "Thy father was a
<i>plasterer</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who makes plaster casts.</def> "The
<i>plasterer</i> doth make his figures by addition."  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plas"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Same as <u>Plaster</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of overlaying with
plaster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A covering of plaster;
plasterwork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plas"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling plaster
of Paris.</def> [R.] "Out of gypseous or <i>plasterly</i> ground."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plas"ter*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Plastering
used to finish architectural constructions, exterior or interior,
especially that used for the lining of rooms. Ordinarly, mortar is
used for the greater part of the work, and pure plaster of Paris for
the moldings and ornaments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plas"ter*y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of
plaster.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stone . . . is a poor <i>plastery</i>
material.</blockquote> <i>Clough.</i></p>

<p><hw>-plas"tic</hw> (-pl&abreve;s"t&ibreve;k). [Gr. &?; fit for
molding, plastic, fr. &?; to mold, to form.] <def>A combining form
signifying <i>developing</i>, <i>forming</i>, <i>growing</i>; as,
hetero<i>plastic</i>, mono<i>plastic</i>,
poly<i>plastic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plas"tic</hw> (pl&abreve;s"t&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>plasticus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to form, mold: cf. F.
<i>plastique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the power to give
form or fashion to a mass of matter; as, the <i>plastic</i> hand of
the Creator.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>See <i>plastic</i> Nature working to his
end.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being molded, formed, or
modeled, as clay or plaster; -- used also figuratively; as, the
<i>plastic</i> mind of a child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining or appropriate to, or
characteristic of, molding or modeling; produced by, or appearing as
if produced by, molding or modeling; -- said of sculpture and the
kindred arts, in distinction from painting and the graphic
arts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Medallions . . . fraught with the <i>plastic</i> beauty
and grace of the palmy days of Italian art.</blockquote> <i>J. S.
Harford.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Plastic clay</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>one of the beds
of the Eocene period; -- so called because used in making
pottery.</cd> <i>Lyell.</i> -- <col><b>Plastic element</b></col>
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>one that bears within the germs of a higher
form.</cd> -- <col><b>Plastic exudation</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>an exudation thrown out upon a wounded surface and constituting
the material of repair by which the process of healing is
effected.</cd> -- <col><b>Plastic foods</b></col>. <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<cd>See the second Note under <u>Food</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Plastic
force</b></col>. <i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Force</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Plastic operation</b></col>, <cd>an operation in plastic
surgery.</cd> -- <col><b>Plastic surgery</b></col>, <cd>that branch of
surgery which is concerned with the repair or restoration of lost,
injured, or deformed parts of the body.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plas"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Plastic</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Plas"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a plastic
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plas*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>plasticit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
state of being plastic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Plastic force.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plas"tid</hw> (?), <hw>Plas"tide</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a creator.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A formative particle of albuminous matter; a
monad; a cytode. See the Note under <u>Morphon</u>.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the many minute
granules found in the protoplasm of vegetable cells. They are divided
by their colors into three classes, chloroplastids, chromoplastids,
and leucoplastids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plas`ti*do*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, creator + &?; animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Protoza</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plas"ti*dule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. fr.
<u>Plastid</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the small particles or
organic molecules of protoplasm.</def>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plas"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to form,
mold.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A substance associated with nuclein in cell
nuclei, and by some considered as the fundamental substance of the
nucleus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plas*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
fored, molded + &?; to write.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of
forming figures in any plastic material.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Imitation of handwriting;
forgery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plas"tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>plastron</i>
breastplate, plastron, LL. <i>plastra</i> a thin plate of metal. See
<u>Plaster</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of leather stuffed or
padded, worn by fencers to protect the breast.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>An iron breastplate,
worn under the hauberk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The ventral shield or shell
of tortoises and turtles. See <u>Testudinata</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A trimming for the front of a woman's
dress, made of a different material, and narrowing from the shoulders
to the waist.</def></p>

<p><hw>-plas"ty</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; to mold, form.] <def>A combining
form denoting <i>the act</i> or <i>process of forming</i>,
<i>development</i>, <i>growth</i>; as, auto<i>plasty</i>,
perineo<i>plasty</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Platted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Platting</u>.] [See <u>Plait</u>.] <def>To form by interlaying
interweaving; to braid; to plait.</def> "They had <i>platted</i> a
crown of thorns."  <i>Matt. xxvii. 29.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work done by platting or
braiding; a plait.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her hair, nor loose, nor tied in formal
<i>plat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Plat</u> flat, which
perh. caused this spelling, and <u>Plot</u> a piece of ground.] <def>A
small piece or plot of ground laid out with some design, or for a
special use; usually, a portion of flat, even ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This flowery <i>plat</i>, the sweet recess of
Eve.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I keep smooth <i>plat</i> of fruitful
ground.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lay out in plats or
plots, as ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>plat</i>. See
<u>Plate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Plain; flat; level.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plat</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Plainly; flatly; downright.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But, sir, ye lie, I tell you <i>plat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Flatly; smoothly; evenly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
flat or broad side of a sword.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plot; a plan; a design; a diagram; a map;
a chart.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] "To note all the islands, and to
set them down in <i>plat</i>."  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plat"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>platanus</i>. See
<u>Plane</u> the tree.] [Written also <i>platane</i>.] <def>The plane
tree.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plat"a*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>platanista</i> a sort of fish, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>plataniste</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The soosoo.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plat"a*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Plane</u>
the tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees; the plane
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"band`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>plate-
bande</i>; <i>plat</i>, <i>plate</i>, flat, level + <i>bande</i> a
band.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A border of flowers in a garden, along
a wall or a parterre; hence, a border.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A flat
molding, or group of moldings, the width of which much exceeds its
projection, as the face of an architrave.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A list or fillet between the flutings of a column.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>plate</i> a plate
of metal, a cuirsas, F. <i>plat</i> a plate, a shallow vessel of
silver, other metal, or earth, fr. <i>plat</i> flat, Gr. &?;. See
<u>Place</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flat, or
nearly flat, piece of metal, the thickness of which is small in
comparison with the other dimensions; a thick sheet of metal; as, a
steel <i>plate</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Metallic armor composed of broad
pieces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mangled . . . through <i>plate</i> and
mail.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Domestic vessels and utensils, as flagons,
dishes, cups, etc., wrought in gold or silver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Metallic ware which is plated, in
distinction from that which is genuine silver or gold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A small, shallow, and usually circular,
vessel of metal or wood, or of earth glazed and baked, from which food
is eaten at table.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [Cf. Sp. <i>plata</i> silver.] <def>A piece of
money, usually silver money.</def> [Obs.] "Realms and islands were as
<i>plates</i> dropp'd from his pocket."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A piece of metal on which anything is
engraved for the purpose of being printed; hence, an impression from
the engraved metal; as, a book illustrated with <i>plates</i>; a
fashion <i>plate</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A page of stereotype, electrotype, or the
like, for printing from; as, publisher's <i>plates</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>That part of an artificial set of teeth
which fits to the mouth, and holds the teeth in place. It may be of
gold, platinum, silver, rubber, celluloid, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A horizontal timber laid
upon a wall, or upon corbels projecting from a wall, and supporting
the ends of other timbers; also used specifically of the <i>roof
plate</i> which supports the ends of the roof trusses or, in simple
work, the feet of the rafters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A roundel of silver or
tinctured argent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A sheet of glass,
porcelain, metal, etc., with a coating that is sensitive to
light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>A prize giving to the winner in a
contest.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Plate</i> is sometimes used in an adjectival sense or in
combination, the phrase or compound being in most cases of obvious
signification; as, <i>plate</i> basket or <i>plate</i>-basket,
<i>plate</i> rack or <i>plate</i>-rack.</p>

<p><col><b>Home plate</b></col>. <i>(Baseball)</i> <cd>See <i>Home
base</i>, under <u>Home</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Plate armor</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>See <u>Plate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Strong metal plates for protecting war
vessels, fortifications, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Plate
bone</b></col>, <cd>the shoulder blade, or scapula.</cd> --
<col><b>Plate girder</b></col>, <cd>a girder, the web of which is
formed of a single vertical plate, or of a series of such plates
riveted together.</cd> -- <col><b>Plate glass</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Glass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Plate iron</b></col>, <cd>wrought iron
plates.</cd> -- <col><b>Plate layer</b></col>, <cd>a workman who lays
down the rails of a railway and fixes them to the sleepers or
ties.</cd> -- <col><b>Plate mark</b></col>, <cd>a special mark or
emblematic figure stamped upon gold or silver plate, to indicate the
place of manufacture, the degree of purity, and the like; thus, the
local mark for London is a lion.</cd> -- <col><b>Plate
paper</b></col>, <cd>a heavy spongy paper, for printing from engraved
plates.</cd> <i>Fairholt.</i> -- <col><b>Plate press</b></col>, <cd>a
press with a flat carriage and a roller, -- used for printing from
engraved steel or copper plates.</cd> -- <col><b>Plate
printer</b></col>, <cd>one who prints from engraved plates.</cd> --
<col><b>Plate printing</b></col>, <cd>the act or process of printing
from an engraved plate or plates.</cd> -- <col><b>Plate
tracery</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Tracery</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Plate wheel</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a wheel, the rim
and hub of which are connected by a continuous plate of metal, instead
of by arms or spokes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover or overlay with
gold, silver, or other metals, either by a mechanical process, as
hammering, or by a chemical process, as electrotyping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover or overlay with plates of metal;
to arm with metal for defense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus <i>plated</i> in habiliments of war.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with plated metal; as, a
<i>plated</i> harness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To beat into thin, flat pieces, or
lamin&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To calender; as, to <i>plate</i>
paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*teau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> F.
<plw><b>Plateaux</b></plw> (F. &?;; E. &?;), E.
<plw><b>Plateaus</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. OF. <i>platel</i>, properly a
little plate. See <u>Plate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flat
surface; especially, a broad, level, elevated area of land; a table-
land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ornamental dish for the table; a tray or
salver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plate"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Platefuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Enough to fill a plate; as
much as a plate will hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plate"-gilled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having flat, or leaflike, gills, as the
bivalve mollusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. See
<u>Plateau</u>.] <def>A small dish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>platine</i>, fr.
<i>plat</i> flat. See <u>Plate</u>, and cf. <u>Platin</u>.]
<i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The part of a printing press
which presses the paper against the type and by which the impression
is made.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hence, an analogous part of a
typewriter, on which the paper rests to receive an impression.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The movable table of a machine tool, as a
planer, on which the work is fastened, and presented to the action of
the tool; -- also called <i>table</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who plates or
coats articles with gold or silver; as, a silver
<i>plater</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine for calendering paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat`er*esque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>resco</i>, from <i>plata</i> silver.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Resembling silver plate; -- said of certain architectural
ornaments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"e*trope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; breadth +
&?; to turn.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of a pair of a paired
organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"form`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Plat</i>, a. +
<i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>plateforme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
plat; a plan; a sketch; a model; a pattern. Used also
figuratively.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place laid out after a model.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>lf the <i>platform</i> just reflects the
order.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any flat or horizontal surface; especially,
one that is raised above some particular level, as a framework of
timber or boards horizontally joined so as to form a roof, or a raised
floor, or portion of a floor; a landing; a dais; a stage, for
speakers, performers, or workmen; a standing place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A declaration of the principles upon which
a person, a sect, or a party proposes to stand; a declared policy or
system; as, the Saybrook <i>platform</i>; a political
<i>platform</i>.</def> "The <i>platform</i> of Geneva."
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A light deck, usually placed
in a section of the hold or over the floor of the magazine. See
<u>Orlop</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Platform car</b></col>, <cd>a railway car without permanent
raised sides or covering; a f&?;at.</cd> -- <col><b>Platform
scale</b></col>, <cd>a weighing machine, with a flat platform on which
objects are weighed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plat"form`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To place on a platform.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form a plan of; to model; to lay
out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Church discipline is <i>platformed</i> in the
Bible.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plat*hel"minth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Platyelminthes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plat`hel*min"thes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Platyelminthes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>See
<u>Platen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"i*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. or NL. See
<u>Platinum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Platinum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Platina mohr</b></col>, <cd>platinum black.</cd> --
<col><b>Platina yellow</b></col>, <cd>a pigment prepared from
platinum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plat"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art or process of covering anything with a plate or plates,
or with metal, particularly of overlaying a base or dull metal with a
thin plate of precious or bright metal, as by mechanical means or by
electro-magnetic deposition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thin coating of metal laid upon another
metal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A coating or defensive armor of metal
(usually steel) plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*tin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or containing, platinum; -- used specifically
to designate those compounds in which the element has a higher
valence, as contrasted with the <i>platinous</i> compounds; as,
<i>platinic</i> chloride (PtCl<sub>4</sub>).</def></p>

<p><! p. 1097 !></p>

<p><hw>Plat`i*ni*chlo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid
consisting of platinic chloride and hydrochloric acid, and obtained as
a brownish red crystalline substance, called <i>platinichloric</i>, or
<i>chloroplatinic</i>, <i>acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat`i*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Platinum</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Yielding platinum; as,
<i>platiniferous</i> sand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat`i*ni*rid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem. &
Min.)</i> <def>A natural alloy of platinum and iridium occurring in
grayish metallic rounded or cubical grains with platinum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"i*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Platinized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Platinizing</u> (?).] <def>To cover or combine with
platinum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat`i*no*chlo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an
acid consisting of platinous chloride and hydrochloric acid, called
<i>platinochloric, or chloroplatinous, acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat`i*no*chlo"ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A double chloride of platinum and some other metal
or radical; a salt of platinochloric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat`i*no*cy*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an
acid compound of platinous cyanide and hydrocyanic acid. It is
obtained as a cinnaber-red crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat`i*no*cy"a*nide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A double cyanide of platinum and some other metal
or radical; a salt of platinocyanic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"i*node</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Platinum</i> +
Gr. &?; a way.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A cathode.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Plat"i*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Platinum</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling platinum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"i*noid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
alloy of German silver containing tungsten; -- used for forming
electrical resistance coils and standards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"i*no*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Platinum</i>
+ <i>-type</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A permanent
photographic picture or print in platinum black.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The process by which such pictures are
produced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or containing, platinum; -- used specifically
to designate those compounds in which the element has a lower valence,
as contrasted with the <i>platinic</i> compounds; as, <i>platinous</i>
chloride (PtCl<sub>2</sub>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"i*num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Sp.
<i>platina</i>, from <i>plata</i> silver, LL. <i>plata</i> a thin
plate of metal. See <u>Plate</u>, and cf. <u>Platina</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A metallic element, intermediate in value between
silver and gold, occurring native or alloyed with other metals, also
as the platinum arsenide (sperrylite). It is heavy tin-white metal
which is ductile and malleable, but very infusible, and characterized
by its resistance to strong chemical reagents. It is used for
crucibles, for stills for sulphuric acid, rarely for coin, and in the
form of foil and wire for many purposes. Specific gravity 21.5. Atomic
weight 194.3. Symbol Pt. Formerly called <i>platina</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Platinum black</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a soft, dull
black powder, consisting of finely divided metallic platinum obtained
by reduction and precipitation from its solutions. It absorbs oxygen
to a high degree, and is employed as an oxidizer.</cd> --
<col><b>Platinum lamp</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a kind of
incandescent lamp of which the luminous medium is platinum. See under
<u>Incandescent</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Platinum metals</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the group of metallic elements which in their
chemical and physical properties resemble platinum. These consist of
the <i>light platinum group</i>, viz., rhodium, ruthenium, and
palladium, whose specific gravities are about 12; and the <i>heavy
platinum group</i>, viz., osmium, iridium, and platinum, whose
specific gravities are over 21.</cd> -- <col><b>Platinum
sponge</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>metallic platinum in a gray,
porous, spongy form, obtained by reducing the double chloride of
platinum and ammonium. It absorbs oxygen, hydrogen, and certain other
gases, to a high degree, and is employed as an agent in
oxidizing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plat"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from
<i>plat</i> flat. See <u>Plate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being flat, thin, or insipid; flat commonness;
triteness; staleness of ideas of language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To hammer one golden grain of wit into a sheet of
infinite <i>platitude</i>.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thought or remark which is flat, dull,
trite, or weak; a truism; a commonplace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat`i*tu`di*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
addicted to uttering platitudes, or stale and insipid truisms.</def>
"A political <i>platitudinarian</i>."  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plat`i*tu"di*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
utter platitudes or truisms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat`i*tu"di*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding
in platitudes; of the nature of platitudes; uttering platitudes.</def>
-- <wf>Plat`i*tu"di*nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Plat"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Flatly. See
<u>Plat</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Plat"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Flatness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; flat +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>See <u>Planimeter</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pla*ton"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pla*ton"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Platonicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>platonique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Plato,
or his philosophy, school, or opinions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pure, passionless; nonsexual;
philosophical.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Platonic bodies</b></col>, <cd>the five regular geometrical
solids; namely, the tetrahedron, hexahedron or cube, octahedron,
dodecahedron, and icosahedron.</cd> -- <col><b>Platonic
love</b></col>, <cd>a pure, spiritual affection, subsisting between
persons of opposite sex, unmixed with carnal desires, and regarding
the mind only and its excellences; -- a species of love for which
Plato was a warm advocate.</cd> -- <col><b>Platonic year</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a period of time determined by the revolution of
the equinoxes, or the space of time in which the stars and
constellations return to their former places in respect to the
equinoxes; -- called also <i>great year</i>. This revolution, which is
caused by the precession of the equinoxes, is accomplished in about
26,000 years.</cd> <i>Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla*ton"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower of Plato;
a Platonist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*ton"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
Platonic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"to*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>Platonisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The doctrines or
philosophy by Plato or of his followers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Plato believed God to be an infinitely wise, just, and
powerful Spirit; and also that he formed the visible universe out of
pre&euml;xistent amorphous matter, according to perfect patterns of
ideas eternally existent in his own mind. Philosophy he considered as
being a knowledge of the true nature of things, as discoverable in
those eternal ideas after which all things were fashioned. In other
words, it is the knowledge of what is eternal, exists necessarily, and
is unchangeable; not of the temporary, the dependent, and changeable;
and of course it is not obtained through the senses; neither is it the
product of the understanding, which concerns itself only with the
variable and transitory; nor is it the result of experience and
observation; but it is the product of our <i>reason</i>, which, as
partaking of the divine nature, has innate ideas resembling the
eternal ideas of God. By contemplating these innate ideas, reasoning
about them, and comparing them with their copies in the visible
universe, reason can attain that true knowledge of things which is
called <i>philosophy</i>. Plato's professed followers, the Academics,
and the New Platonists, differed considerably from him, yet are called
<i>Platonists</i>.  <i>Murdock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An elevated rational and ethical conception
of the laws and forces of the universe; sometimes, imaginative or
fantastic philosophical notions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla"to*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who adheres
to the philosophy of Plato; a follower of Plato.</def>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla"to*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Platonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Platonizing</u>.] <def>To adopt the opinion of Plato
or his followers.</def>  <i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla"to*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To explain by,
or accomodate to, the Platonic philosophy.</def>  <i>Enfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pla"to*ni`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
Platonizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>peloton</i> a
ball of thread, a knot or group of men, a platoon, from <i>pelote</i>
a ball formed of things wound round. See <u>Pellet</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, a body of men who fired together;
also, a small square body of soldiers to strengthen the angles of a
hollow square.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Now, in the United
States service, half of a company.</def></p>

<p><hw>Platt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>See
<u>Lodge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Platt"deutsch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The modern
dialects spoken in the north of Germany, taken collectively; modern
Low German. See <i>Low German</i>, under <u>German</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Plat</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Glass Making)</i> <def>To flatten and make
into sheets or plates; as, to <i>platten</i> cylinder glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Plat</u> to
braid.] <def>One who plats or braids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr. OF.
<i>platel</i>, F. <i>plateau</i>. See <u>Plateau</u>.] <def>A large
plate or shallow dish on which meat or other food is brought to the
table.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The attendants . . . speedly brought in several large,
smoking <i>platters</i>, filled with huge pieces of beef.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plat"ter-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
broad, flat face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Plaited strips or
bark, cane, straw, etc., used for making hats or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a plate;
consisting of plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"y-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>platy`s</grk> <i>broad</i>, <i>wide</i>, <i>flat</i>; as,
<i>platy</i>pus, <i>platy</i>cephalous.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plat`y*ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Plat`y*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Platy</i> + Gr. &?; head.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Broad-headed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat`yc*ne"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Platy</i> +
Gr. &?; leg: cf. F. <i>platycn&eacute;mique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of, relating to, or characterized by, platycnemism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pla*tyc"ne*mism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Lateral flattening of the tibia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat`y*c&oelig;"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Platy</i> + Gr. &?; hollow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Flat at the
anterior and concave at the posterior end; -- said of the centra of
the vertebr&aelig; of some extinct dinouaurs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plat`y*el*min"thes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Platy-</u>, and <u>Helminthes</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
class of helminthes including the cestodes, or tapeworms, the
trematodes, and the turbellarians. Called also
<i>flatworms</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plat`y*hel"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Platyelminthes</u>.</def> [Written
also <i>Platyelmia</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pla*tym"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Platy</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An apparatus for measuring the
capacity of condensers, or the inductive capacity of
dielectrics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"y*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Platy</i> + <i>-
pod</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal having broad feet, or a
broad foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pla*typ"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Prosobranchiata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pla*typ"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; broad + &?; a wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
Pseudoneuroptera including the species which have four broad, flat
wings, as the termites, or white-ants, and the stone flies
(<i>Perla</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"y*pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; +
&?; foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The duck mole. See under
<u>Duck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"y*rhine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Platy</i> + Gr.
&?;, &?;, nose.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the nose broad; -- opposed
to <i>leptorhine</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Platyrhini.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plat`y*rhi"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; broad + &?;, &?;, nose.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of monkeys, including the American species, which have a broad nasal
septum, thirty-six teeth, and usually a prehensile tail. See
<u>Monkey</u>.</def> [Written also <i>Platyrrhini</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Plaud</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To applaud.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plau"dit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>plaudite</i> do ye praise (which was said by players at the end of
a performance), 2d pers. pl. imperative of <i>plaudere</i>.  Cf.
<u>Plausible</u>.] <def>A mark or expression of applause; praise
bestowed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not in the shouts and <i>plaudits</i> of the
throng.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Acclamation; applause; encomium; commendation;
approbation; approval.</p>

<p><hw>Plau"di*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Applauding;
commending.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plau`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>plausibilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something worthy
of praise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Integrity, fidelity, and other gracious
<i>plausibilities</i>.</blockquote> <i>E. Vaughan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being plausible;
speciousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To give any <i>plausibility</i> to a
scheme.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything plausible or specious.</def>
<i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plau"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>plausibilis</i> praiseworthy, from <i>plaudere</i>, <i>plausum</i>,
to applaud, clap the hands, strike, beat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Worthy of being applauded; praiseworthy; commendable;
ready.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Obtaining approbation; specifically
pleasing; apparently right; specious; as, a <i>plausible</i> pretext;
<i>plausible</i> manners; a <i>plausible</i> delusion.</def>
"<i>Plausible</i> and popular arguments."  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Using specious arguments or discourse; as,
a <i>plausible</i> speaker.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Plausible</u>, <u>Specious</u>.  <i>Plausible</i>
denotes that which seems reasonable, yet leaves distrust in the
judgment. <i>Specious</i> describes that which presents a fair
appearance to the view and yet covers something false. <i>Specious</i>
refers more definitely to the act or purpose of false representation;
<i>plausible</i> has more reference to the effect on the beholder or
hearer. An argument may by <i>specious</i> when it is not
<i>plausible</i> because its sophistry is so easily discovered.</p>

<p><hw>Plau"si*ble*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render plausible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Plau"si*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being plausible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plau"si*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a plausible manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contentedly, readily.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Romans <i>plausibly</i> did give
consent.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plau"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>plaudere</i>,
<i>plausum</i>, to applaud.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Applauding;
manifesting praise.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plausible, specious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Play</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Played</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Playing</u>.] [OE. <i>pleien</i>, AS. <i>plegian</i>,
<i>plegan</i>, to play, akin to <i>plega</i> play, game, quick motion,
and probably to OS. <i>plegan</i> to promise, pledge, D. <i>plegen</i>
to care for, attend to, be wont, G. <i>pflegen</i>; of unknown origin.
&radic;28.  Cf. <u>Plight</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To engage in sport or lively recreation; to
exercise for the sake of amusement; to frolic; to spot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As Cannace was <i>playing</i> in her walk.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lamb thy riot dooms to bleed to-day,<BR>
Had he thy reason, would he skip and <i>play</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And some, the darlings of their Lord,<BR>
<i>Play</i> smiling with the flame and sword.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act with levity or thoughtlessness; to
trifle; to be careless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Nay," quod this monk, "I have no lust to
<i>pleye</i>."</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men are apt to <i>play</i> with their
healths.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To contend, or take part, in a game; as, to
<i>play</i> ball; hence, to gamble; as, he <i>played</i> for heavy
stakes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To perform on an instrument of music; as,
to <i>play</i> on a flute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One that . . . can <i>play</i> well on an
instrument.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxxiii. 32.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Play</i>, my friend, and charm the
charmer.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To act; to behave; to practice
deception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His mother <i>played</i> false with a
smith.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To move in any manner; especially, to move
regularly with alternate or reciprocating motion; to operate; to act;
as, the fountain <i>plays</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heart beats, the blood circulates, the lungs
<i>play</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To move gayly; to wanton; to
disport.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even as the waving sedges <i>play</i> with
wind.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The setting sun<BR>
<i>Plays</i> on their shining arms and burnished helmets.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All fame is foreign but of true desert,<BR>
<i>Plays</i> round the head, but comes not to the heart.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To act on the stage; to personate a
character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lord will hear your <i>play</i> to-
night.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Courts are theaters where some men
<i>play</i>.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To play into a person's hands</b></col>, <cd>to act, or to
manage matters, to his advantage or benefit.</cd> -- <col><b>To play
off</b></col>, <cd>to affect; to feign; to practice artifice.</cd> --
<col><b>To play upon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To make sport
of; to deceive.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Art thou alive?<BR>
Or is it fantasy that <i>plays upon</i> our eyesight.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To use in a droll manner; to give a droll
expression or application to; as, <i>to play upon</i> words.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Play</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
put in action or motion; as, to <i>play</i> cannon upon a
fortification; to <i>play</i> a trump.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>First Peace and Silence all disputes control,<BR>
Then Order <i>plays</i> the soul.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perform music upon; as, to <i>play</i>
the flute or the organ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To perform, as a piece of music, on an
instrument; as, to <i>play</i> a waltz on the violin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bring into sportive or wanton action; to
exhibit in action; to execute; as, to <i>play</i> tricks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature here<BR>
Wantoned as in her prime, and <i>played</i> at will<BR>
Her virgin fancies.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To act or perform (a play); to represent in
music action; as, to <i>play</i> a comedy; also, to act in the
character of; to represent by acting; to simulate; to behave like; as,
to <i>play</i> King Lear; to <i>play</i> the woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou canst <i>play</i> the rational if thou
wilt.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To engage in, or go together with, as a
contest for amusement or for a wager or prize; as, to <i>play</i> a
game at baseball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To keep in play, as a hooked fish, in order
to land it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To play off</b></col>, <cd>to display; to show; to put in
exercise; as, <i>to play off</i> tricks.</cd> -- <col><b>To play one's
cards</b></col>, <cd>to manage one's means or opportunities; to
contrive.</cd> -- <col><b>Played out</b></col>, <cd>tired out;
exhausted; at the end of one's resources.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Play</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Amusement; sport; frolic; gambols.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any exercise, or series of actions,
intended for amusement or diversion; a game.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>John naturally loved rough <i>play</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of contending for
victory, amusement, or a prize, as at dice, cards, or billiards;
gaming; as, to lose a fortune in <i>play</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Action; use; employment; exercise;
practice; as, fair <i>play</i>; sword <i>play</i>; a <i>play</i> of
wit.</def> "The next who comes in <i>play</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A dramatic composition; a comedy or
tragedy; a composition in which characters are represented by dialogue
and action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>play</i> ought to be a just image of human
nature.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The representation or exhibition of a
comedy or tragedy; as, he attends ever <i>play</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Performance on an instrument of
music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Motion; movement, regular or irregular; as,
the <i>play</i> of a wheel or piston; hence, also, room for motion;
free and easy action.</def> "To give them <i>play</i>, front and
rear."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The joints are let exactly into one another, that they
have no <i>play</i> between them.</blockquote> <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Hence, liberty of acting; room for
enlargement or display; scope; as, to give full <i>play</i> to
mirth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Play actor</b></col>, <cd>an actor of dramas.</cd>
<i>Prynne.</i> -- <col><b>Play debt</b></col>, <cd>a gambling
debt.</cd> <i>Arbuthnot.</i> -- <col><b>Play pleasure</b></col>,
<cd>idle amusement.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>A play upon
words</b></col>, <cd>the use of a word in such a way as to be capable
of double meaning; punning.</cd> -- <col><b>Play of colors</b></col>,
<cd>prismatic variation of colors.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring into
play</b></col>, <col><b>To come into play</b></col>, <cd>to bring or
come into use or exercise.</cd> -- <col><b>To hold in play</b></col>,
<cd>to keep occupied or employed.</cd>
</p>

<p><blockquote>I, with two more to help me,<BR>
Will <i>hold</i> the foe <i>in play</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1098 !></p>

<p><hw>||Pla"ya</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A beach; a
strand; in the plains and deserts of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, a
broad, level spot, on which subsequently becomes dry by
evaporation.</def>  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Play"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A printed
programme of a play, with the parts assigned to the actors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Play"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book of
dramatic compositions; a book of the play.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Play"day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A day given to
play or diversion; a holiday.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Play"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who plays, or amuses himself; one without serious aims; an
idler; a trifler.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who plays any game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dramatic actor.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who plays on an instrument of
music.</def> "A cunning <i>player</i> on a harp."  <i>1 Sam. xvi.
16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A gamester; a gambler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Play"fel`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A companion in
amusements or sports; a playmate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Play"fere`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Play</i> + 1st
<i>fere</i>.] <def>A playfellow.</def> [Obs.] [Also, <i>playfeer</i>,
<i>playphere</i>.]  <i>Holinsheld.</i></p>

<p><hw>Play"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sportive;
gamboling; frolicsome; indulging a sportive fancy; humorous; merry;
as, a <i>playful</i> child; a <i>playful</i> writer.</def> --
<wf>Play"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Play"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Play"game`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Play of
children.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Play"go`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
frequents playhouses, or attends dramatic performances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Play"go`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Frequenting
playhouses; as, the <i>playgoing</i> public.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice of going to plays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Play"ground`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piece of
ground used for recreation; as, the <i>playground</i> of a
school.</def></p>

<p><hw>Play"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>plegh&umacr;s</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A building used for
dramatic exhibitions; a theater.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A house for children to play in; a
toyhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Play"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> of
<u>Play</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Playing cards</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Card</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Play"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
playwright.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Play"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A companion in
diversions; a playfellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Play"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Playful; wanton;
sportive.</def> [R.] <i>R. Browning.</i> -- <wf>Play"some*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Playte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Pleyt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Play"thing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thing to play
with; a toy; anything that serves to amuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A child knows his nurse, and by degrees the
<i>playthings</i> of a little more advanced age.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Play"time`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Time for play or
diversion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Play"wright`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maker or
adapter of plays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Play"writ`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
plays; a dramatist; a playwright.</def>  <i>Lecky.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pla"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. See <u>Place</u>.]
<def>A public square in a city or town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plea</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>plee</i>,
<i>plai</i>, <i>plait</i>, fr. OF. <i>plait</i>, <i>plaid</i>,
<i>plet</i>, LL. <i>placitum</i> judgment, decision, assembly, court,
fr. L. <i>placitum</i> that which is pleasing, an opinion, sentiment,
from <i>placere</i> to please. See <u>Please</u>, and cf.
<u>Placit</u>, <u>Plead</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>That which is alleged by a party in support of his cause; in a
stricter sense, an allegation of fact in a cause, as distinguished
from a <i>demurrer</i>; in a still more limited sense, and in modern
practice, the defendant's answer to the plaintiff's declaration and
demand. That which the plaintiff alleges in his declaration is
answered and repelled or justified by the defendant's <i>plea</i>. In
chancery practice, a <i>plea</i> is a special answer showing or
relying upon one or more things as a cause why the suit should be
either dismissed, delayed, or barred. In criminal practice, the
<i>plea</i> is the defendant's formal answer to the indictment or
information presented against him.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A cause in court; a lawsuit;
as, the Court of Common <i>Pleas</i>. See under
<u>Common</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Supreme Judicial Court shall have cognizance of
<i>pleas</i> real, personal, and mixed.</blockquote> <i>Laws of
Massachusetts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is alleged or pleaded, in
defense or in justification; an excuse; an apology.</def> "Necessity,
the tyrant's <i>plea</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>plea</i> must serve; 't is cruelty to
spare.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An urgent prayer or entreaty.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pleas of the crown</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>,
<cd>criminal actions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pleach</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pleached</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pleaching</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>plaissier</i> to bend, and also F.
<i>plisser</i> to plait, L. <i>plicare</i>, <i>plicitum</i>, to fold,
lay, or wind together.  Cf. <u>Plash</u> to pleach.] <def>To unite by
interweaving, as branches of trees; to plash; to interlock.</def> "The
<i>pleached</i> bower."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plead</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pleaded</u> (colloq. <u>Plead</u> (?) or <u>Pled</u>);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Pleading</u>.] [OE.
<i>pleden</i>, <i>plaiden</i>, OF. plaidier, F. <i>plaider</i>, fr.
LL. <i>placitare</i>, fr. <i>placitum</i>. See <u>Plea</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To argue in support of a claim, or in defense
against the claim of another; to urge reasons for or against a thing;
to attempt to persuade one by argument or supplication; to speak by
way of persuasion; as, to <i>plead</i> for the life of a criminal; to
<i>plead</i> with a judge or with a father.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O that one might <i>plead</i> for a man with God, as a
man <i>pleadeth</i> for his neighbor!</blockquote> <i>Job xvi.
21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To present an answer, by
allegation of fact, to the declaration of a plaintiff; to deny the
plaintiff's declaration and demand, or to allege facts which show that
ought not to recover in the suit; in a less strict sense, to make an
allegation of fact in a cause; to carry on the allegations of the
respective parties in a cause; to carry on a suit or plea.</def>
<i>Blackstone. Burrill. Stephen.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To contend; to struggle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plead</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To discuss, defend, and attempt to maintain by arguments or
reasons presented to a tribunal or person having uthority to
determine; to argue at the bar; as, to <i>plead</i> a cause before a
court or jury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man should <i>plead</i> his own
matter.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, <i>argue</i> is more generally used by
lawyers.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To allege or cite in a legal plea or
defense, or for repelling a demand in law; to answer to an indictment;
as, to <i>plead</i> usury; to <i>plead</i> statute of limitations; to
<i>plead</i> not guilty.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To allege or adduce in proof, support, or
vendication; to offer in excuse; as, the law of nations may be
<i>pleaded</i> in favor of the rights of ambassadors.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will neither <i>plead</i> my age nor sickness, in
excuse of faults.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plead"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being pleaded; capable of being alleged in proof, defense, or
vindication; as, a right or privilege <i>pleadable</i> at law.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plead"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>plaideur</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who pleads; one who argues for or against;
an advotate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So fair a <i>pleader</i> any cause may
gain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who draws up or forms
pleas; the draughtsman of pleas or pleadings in the widest sense; as,
a special <i>pleader</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plead"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
advocating, defending, or supporting, a cause by arguments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plead"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pleading
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plead"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The mutual pleas and replies of the plaintiff and defendant, or
written statements of the parties in support of their claims,
proceeding from the declaration of the plaintiff, until issue is
joined, and the question made to rest on some single point.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>plaisance</i>.
See <u>Please</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pleasure; merriment;
gayety; delight; kindness.</def> [Archaic] <i>Shak.</i> "Full great
<i>pleasance</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i> "A realm of <i>pleasance</i>."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A secluded part of a garden.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pleasances</i> of old Elizabethan
houses.</blockquote> <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>plaisant</i>.
See <u>Please</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing; grateful to the
mind or to the senses; agreeable; as, a <i>pleasant</i> journey;
<i>pleasant</i> weather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, how good and <i>pleasant</i> it is for brethren
to dwell together in unity!</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxxiii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cheerful; enlivening; gay; sprightly;
humorous; sportive; as, <i>pleasant</i> company; a <i>pleasant</i>
fellow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From grave to light, from <i>pleasant</i> to
serve.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pleasing; gratifying; agreeable; cheerful; good-
humored; enlivening; gay; lively; merry; sportive; humorous; jocose;
amusing; witty.  -- <u>Pleasant</u>, <u>Pleasing</u>,
<u>Agreeable</u>. <i>Agreeable</i> is applied to that which agrees
with, or is in harmony with, one's tastes, character, etc.
<i>Pleasant</i> and <i>pleasing</i> denote a stronger degree of the
agreeable. <i>Pleasant</i> refers rather to the state or condition;
<i>pleasing</i>, to the act or effect. Where they are applied to the
same object, <i>pleasing</i> is more energetic than <i>pleasant</i>;
as, she is always <i>pleasant</i> and always <i>pleasing</i>. The
distinction, however, is not radical and not rightly observed.</p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wit; a humorist; a
buffoon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pleasant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ant*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being pleasant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pleasantries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>plaisanterie</i>. See
<u>Pleasant</u>.] <def>That which denotes or promotes pleasure or good
humor; cheerfulness; gayety; merriment; especially, an agreeable
playfulness in conversation; a jocose or humorous remark;
badinage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The grave abound in <i>pleasantries</i>, the dull in
repartees and points of wit.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The keen observation and ironical <i>pleasantry</i> of
a finished man of the world.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ant-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
pleasing speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Please</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pleased</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pleasing</u>.] [OE. <i>plesen</i>, OF. <i>plaisir</i>, fr. L.
<i>placere</i>, akin to <i>placare</i> to reconcile.  Cf.
<u>Complacent</u>, <u>Placable</u>, <u>Placid</u>, <u>Plea</u>,
<u>Plead</u>, <u>Pleasure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give
pleasure to; to excite agreeable sensations or emotions in; to make
glad; to gratify; to content; to satisfy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I pray to God that it may <i>plesen</i>
you.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What next I bring shall <i>please</i> thee, be
assured.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have or take pleasure in; hence, to
choose; to wish; to desire; to will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever the Lord <i>pleased</i>, that did
he.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxxv. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man doing as he wills, and doing as he
<i>pleases</i>, are the same things in common speech.</blockquote>
<i>J. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be the will or pleasure of; to seem good
to; -- used impersonally.</def> "It <i>pleased</i> the Father that in
him should all fullness dwell."  <i>Col. i. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To-morrow, may it <i>please</i> you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be pleased in</b></col> or <col><b>with</b></col>,
<cd>to have complacency in; to take pleasure in.</cd> -- <col><b>To be
pleased to do a thing</b></col>, <cd>to take pleasure in doing it; to
have the will to do it; to think proper to do it.</cd>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Please</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To afford or impart pleasure; to excite agreeable
emotions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>pleasing</i> scemed, for her now <i>pleases</i>
more.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For we that live to <i>please</i>, must <i>please</i>
to live.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have pleasure; to be willing, as a
matter of affording pleasure or showing favor; to vouchsafe; to
consent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heavenly stranger, <i>please</i> to taste<BR>
These bounties.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That he would <i>please</i> 8give me my
liberty.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleased</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Experiencing
pleasure.</def> -- <wf>Pleas"ed*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pleas"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Please"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An officious
person who courts favor servilely; a pickthank.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleas"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who pleases or
gratifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving pleasure or
satisfaction; causing agreeable emotion; agreeable; delightful; as, a
<i>pleasing</i> prospect; <i>pleasing</i> manners.</def>
"<i>Pleasing</i> harmony." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Pleasing</i> features."
<i>Macaulay.</i> -- <wf>Pleas"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pleas"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gratifying; delightful; agreeable. See
<u>Pleasant</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An object of
pleasure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ur*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
affording pleasure or satisfaction; gratifying; abounding in
pleasantness or pleasantry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Planting of orchards is very . . .
<i>pleasurable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, sir, you are very <i>pleasurable</i>.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pleas"ur*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pleas"ur*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>plaisir</i>,
originally an infinitive. See <u>Please</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The gratification of the senses or of the mind; agreeable
sensations or emotions; the excitement, relish, or happiness produced
by the expectation or the enjoyment of something good, delightful, or
satisfying; -- opposed to <i>pain</i>, <i>sorrow</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At thy right hand there are <i>pleasures</i> for
evermore.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xvi. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Amusement; sport; diversion; self-
indulgence; frivolous or dissipating enjoyment; hence, sensual
gratification; -- opposed to <i>labor</i>, <i>service</i>,
<i>duty</i>, <i>self-denial</i>, etc.</def> "Not sunk in carnal
<i>pleasure</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that loveth <i>pleasure</i> shall be a poor
man.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxi. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lovers of <i>pleasures</i> more than lovers of
God.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim. iii. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>What the will dictates or prefers as
gratifying or satisfying; hence, will; choice; wish; purpose.</def>
"He will do his <i>pleasure</i> on Babylon."  <i>Isa. xlviii.
14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Use your <i>pleasure</i>; if your love do not presuade
you to come, let not my letter.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which pleases; a favor; a
gratification.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Festus, willing to do the Jews a
<i>pleasure</i></blockquote> <i>Acts xxv. 9.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At pleasure</b></col>, <cd>by arbitrary will or
choice.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>To take pleasure in</b></col>,
<cd>to have enjoyment in.</cd> <i>Ps. cxlvii. 11.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Pleasure</i> is used adjectively, or in the formation of
self-explaining compounds; as, <i>pleasure</i> boat, <i>pleasure</i>
ground; <i>pleasure</i> house, etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Enjoyment; gratification; satisfaction; comfort;
solace; joy; gladness; delight; will; choice; preference; purpose;
command; favor; kindness.</p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ure</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pleasured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pleasuring</u>.] <def>To give or afford pleasure to; to please; to
gratify.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Rolled] his hoop to <i>pleasure</i>
Edith.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ure</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take pleasure;
to seek pursue pleasure; as, to go <i>pleasuring</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ure*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affording
pleasure.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ure*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Devoid of
pleasure.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pleasure
seeker.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleas"ur*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person devoted
to worldly pleasure.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleat</hw> (pl&emacr;t), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Plait</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plebe</hw> (pl&emacr;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pl&egrave;be</i>, fr. L. <i>plebs</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
common people; the mob.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>plebe</i> with thirst and fury
prest.</blockquote> <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Plebeian</u>.] <def>A member of the
lowest class in the military academy at West Point.</def> [Cant,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ple*be"ian</hw> (pl&esl;*b&emacr;"y<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>plebeius</i>, from <i>plebs</i>,
<i>plebis</i>, the common people: cf. F.
<i>pl&eacute;b&eacute;ien</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Roman <i>plebs</i>, or common people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the common people;
vulgar; common; as, <i>plebeian</i> sports; a <i>plebeian</i>
throng.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple*be"ian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the <i>plebs</i>, or common people of ancient Rome, in
distinction from <i>patrician</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the common people, or lower rank of
men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple*be"iance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Plebeianism.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plebeians, collectively.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ple*be"ian*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pl&eacute;b&eacute;ianisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being plebeian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The conduct or manners of plebeians;
vulgarity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple*be"ian*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Plebeianized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Plebeianizing</u>.] <def>To render plebeian, common,
or vulgar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple*bic"o*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>plebs</i>
the common people + <i>colere</i> to cultivate.] <def>One who
flatters, or courts the favor of, the common people; a
demagogue.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pleb`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>plebs</i> the common people + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make.
See <u>-fy</u>.] <def>A rendering plebeian; the act of
vulgarizing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You begin with the attempt to popularize learning . . .
but you will end in the <i>plebification</i> of
knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ple*bis"ci*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to plebiscite.</def>  <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleb"i*scite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pl&eacute;biscite</i>, fr. L. <i>plebiscitum</i>.] <def>A vote by
universal male suffrage; especially, in France, a popular vote, as
first sanctioned by the National Constitution of 1791.</def> [Written
also <i>plebiscit</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Plebiscite</i> we have lately taken, in popular use,
from the French.</blockquote> <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ple`bis*ci"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>plebs</i>, <i>plebis</i>, common people + <i>scitum</i> decree.]
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A law enacted by the common people, under
the superintendence of a tribune or some subordinate plebeian
magistrate, without the intervention of the senate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plec"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>plectilis</i>.]
<def>Woven; plaited.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1099 !></p>

<p><hw>Plec"tog*nath</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Plectognathi.</def> -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Plectognathi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plec*to"gna*thi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; twisted (fr. &?; to plait, twist) + &?; jaw.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fishes generally having the
maxillary bone united with the premaxillary, and the articular united
with the dentary.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The upper jaw is immovably joined to the skull; the ventral
fins are rudimentary or wanting; and the body is covered with bony
plates, spines, or small rough ossicles, like shagreen. The order
includes the diodons, filefishes, globefishes, and trunkfishes.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Plec`tog*nath"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Plec-tog"na*thous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Plectognathi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plec`to*spon"dy*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; plaited + &?;, &?;, a vertebra.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An extensive suborder of fresh-water physostomous fishes having
the anterior vertebr&aelig; united and much modified; the
Eventognathi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plec`to*spon"dy*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Plectospondyli.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plec"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Plectra</b></plw> (#), E. Plectrums (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;
anything to strike with, fr.&?; to strike.] <def>A small instrument of
ivory, wood, metal, or quill, used in playing upon the lyre and other
stringed instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pled</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Plead</u></def> [Colloq.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pledge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>plege</i>,
<i>pleige</i>, pledge, guaranty, LL. <i>plegium</i>, <i>plivium</i>;
akin to OF. <i>plevir</i> to bail, guaranty, perhaps fr. L.
<i>praebere</i> to proffer, offer (<i>sc.</i> <i>fidem</i> a trust, a
promise of security), but cf. also E. <i>play</i>. &radic;28.  Cf.
<u>Prebend</u>, <u>Replevin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The transfer of possession of personal property from a debtor to
a creditor as security for a debt or engagement; also, the contract
created between the debtor and creditor by a thing being so delivered
or deposited, forming a species of bailment; also, that which is so
delivered or deposited; something put in pawn.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Pledge</i> is ordinarily confined to personal property;
the title or ownership does not pass by it; possession is essential to
it. In all these points it differs from a mortgage [see
<u>Mortgage</u>]; and in the last, from the <i>hypotheca</i> of the
Roman law. See <u>Hypotheca</u>.  <i>Story. Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>A person who
undertook, or became responsible, for another; a bail; a surety; a
hostage.</def> "I am Grumio's <i>pledge</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hypothecation without transfer of
possession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything given or considered as a security
for the performance of an act; a guarantee; as, mutual interest is the
best <i>pledge</i> for the performance of treaties.</def> "That voice,
their liveliest <i>pledge</i> of hope."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A promise or agreement by which one binds
one's self to do, or to refrain from doing, something; especially, a
solemn promise in writing to refrain from using intoxicating liquors
or the like; as, to sign the <i>pledge</i>; the mayor had made no
<i>pledges</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A sentiment to which assent is given by
drinking one's health; a toast; a health.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dead pledge</b></col>. [A translation of <u>LL</u>.
<i>mortuum vadium</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <cd>A mortgage. See
<u>Mortgage</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Living pledge</b></col>. [A
translation of LL. <i>vivum vadium</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <cd>The
conveyance of an estate to another for money borrowed, to be held by
him until the debt is paid out of the rents and profits.</cd> --
<col><b>To hold in pledge</b></col>, <cd>to keep as security.</cd> --
<col><b>To put in pledge</b></col>, <cd>to pawn; to give as
security.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Earnest</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pledge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pledged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pledging</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>pleiger</i> to give security. See
<u>Pledge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
deposit, as a chattel, in pledge or pawn; to leave in possession of
another as security; as, <i>to pledge</i> one's watch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give or pass as a security; to
guarantee; to engage; to plight; as, to <i>pledge</i> one's word and
honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We mutually <i>pledge</i> to each other our lives, our
fortunes, and our sacred honor.</blockquote> <i>The Declaration of
Independence.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To secure performance of, as by a
pledge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>pledge</i> my vow, I give my hand.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bind or engage by promise or
declaration; to engage solemnly; as, to <i>pledge</i> one's
self.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To invite another to drink, by drinking of
the cup first, and then handing it to him, as a pledge of good will;
hence, to drink the health of; to toast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pledge</i> me, my friend, and drink till thou be'st
wise.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pledg*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The one to whom a
pledge is given, or to whom property pledged is delivered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pledge"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
pledge.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pledge*or"</hw>, <hw>Pledg*or"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who pledges, or delivers
anything in pledge; a pledger; -- opposed to <i>pledgee</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word analogically requires the <i>e</i> after <i>g</i>,
but the spelling <i>pledgor</i> is perhaps commoner.</p>

<p><hw>Pledg"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pledges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pledg"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>pleigerie</i>.] <def>A pledging; suretyship.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pledg"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E., a small
plug.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small plug.</def> [Prov. End.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A string of oakum used in
calking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A compress, or small flat
tent of lint, laid over a wound, ulcer, or the like, to exclude air,
retain dressings, or absorb the matter discharged.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ple*gep"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. (&?;) a stroke + <i>-poda</i>.  In allusion to the rapid strokes
of the vibrating cilia.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Infusoria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple"iad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Pleiades.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple"ia*des</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
(&?;)] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>The seven daughters of
Atlas and the nymph Pleione, fabled to have been made by Jupiter a
constellation in the sky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A group of small stars in
the neck of the constellation Taurus.</def>  <i>Job xxxviii.
31.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Alcyone, the brightest of these, a star of the third
magnitude, was considered by M&auml;dler the central point around
which our universe is revolving, but there is no sufficient evidence
of such motion. Only six pleiads are distinctly visible to the naked
eye, whence the ancients supposed that a sister had concealed herself
out of shame for having loved a mortal, Sisyphus.</p>

<p><hw>Plein</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Plan.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plein</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To complain. See
<u>Plain</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Plein</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. &amp; F., fr. L.
<i>plenus</i>.] <def>Full; complete.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Plein</i>
remission." <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <wf>Plein"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Plei"o*cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Pliocene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plei*oph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; more +
&?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having several leaves; -- used
especially when several leaves or leaflets appear where normally there
should be only one.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plei`o*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pliosaurus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleis"to*cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; most +
&?; new.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the epoch, or the
deposits, following the Tertiary, and immediately preceding man.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Pleistocene epoch, or
deposits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>plenus</i> full.
Cf. <u>Plenary</u>.] <def>Full; complete; as, a <i>plenal</i> view or
act.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ple"na*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a plenary
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple"na*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being plenary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plen"ar*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of a
benefice when occupied.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ple"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>plenarius</i>,
fr. L. <i>plenus</i> full.  See <u>Plenty</u>.] <def>Full; entire;
complete; absolute; as, a <i>plenary</i> license; <i>plenary</i>
authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A treatise on a subject should be <i>plenary</i> or
full.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Plenary indulgence</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>an
entire remission of temporal punishment due to, or canonical penance
for, all sins.</cd> -- <col><b>Plenary inspiration</b></col>.
<i>(Theol.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Inspiration</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ple"na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Decisive
procedure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Plene</hw> (?), <pos><i>&aelig;.</i></pos> [L. <i>plenus</i>
full.] <def>Full; complete; plenary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ple"ni*corn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>plenus</i>
full + <i>cornu</i> horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A ruminant having
solid horns or antlers, as the deer.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plen`i*lu"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the full moon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plen"i*lune</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>plenilunium</i>; <i>plenus</i> full + <i>luna</i> the moon.]
<def>The full moon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ple*nip"o*tence</hw> (?), <hw>Ple*nip"o*ten*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being
plenipotent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ple*nip"o*tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>plenus</i>
full + <i>potens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, potent.] <def>Possessing full
power.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plen`i*po*ten"ti*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Plenipotentiaries</b></plw> (#). [LL.
<i>plenipotentiarius</i>: cf. F. <i>pl&eacute;nipotentiaire</i>.]
<def>A person invested with full power to transact any business;
especially, an ambassador or envoy to a foreign court, with full power
to negotiate a treaty, or to transact other business.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plen`i*po*ten"ti*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing or conferring full power; invested with full power;
as, <i>plenipotentiary</i> license; <i>plenipotentiary</i>
ministers.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plen"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Replenish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To replenish.</def> [Obs.]
<i>T. Reeve.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish; to stock, as a house or
farm.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Plen"ish*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Household
furniture; stock.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Ple"nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>plenus</i> full;
cf. F. <i>pl&eacute;niste</i>.] <def>One who holds that all space is
full of matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plen"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>plenitudo</i>, fr. <i>plenus</i> full; cf. F. <i>plenitude</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being full or
complete; fullness; completeness; abundance; as, the <i>plenitude</i>
of space or power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Animal fullness; repletion; plethora.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Plen`i*tu`di*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
plenist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plen`i*tu"di*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
plenitude; full; complete; thorough.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Plen"te*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Plenty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Containing plenty; abundant;
copious; plentiful; sufficient for every purpose; as, a
<i>plenteous</i> supply.</def> "Reaping <i>plenteous</i> crop."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Yielding abundance; productive;
fruitful.</def> "The seven <i>plenteous</i> years."  <i>Gen. xli.
34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having plenty; abounding; rich.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord shall make thee <i>plenteous</i> in
goods.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxviii. 11.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Plentiful; copious; full. <u>See Ample</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Plen"te*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Plen"te*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Plen"te*vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Plenteous.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plen"ti*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Containing plenty; copious; abundant; ample; as, a
<i>plentiful</i> harvest; a <i>plentiful</i> supply of
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Yielding abundance; prolific;
fruitful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If it be a long winter, it is commonly a more
<i>plentiful</i> year.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lavish; profuse; prodigal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He that is <i>plentiful</i> in expenses will hardly be
preserved from</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Plen"ti*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Plen"ti*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Plen"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Plenties</b></plw> (#), in <i>Shak.</i> [OE. <i>plentee</i>,
<i>plente</i>, OF. <i>plent&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>plenitas</i>, fr.
<i>plenus</i> full. See <u>Full</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Complete</u>.] <def>Full or adequate supply; enough and to spare;
sufficiency; specifically, abundant productiveness of the earth; ample
supply for human wants; abundance; copiousness.</def> "<i>Plenty</i>
of corn and wine." <i>Gen. xxvii. 28.</i> "Promises Britain peace and
<i>plenty</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Houses of office stuffed with
<i>plentee</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The teeming clouds Descend in gladsome <i>plenty</i>
o'er the world.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abundance; exuberance. See <u>Abundance</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Plen"ty</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Plentiful;
abundant.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If reasons were as <i>plenty</i> as
blackberries.</blockquote> <i>Shak. (Folio ed.)</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those countries where shrubs are
<i>plenty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ple"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>plenus</i>
full.] <def>That state in which every part of space is supposed to be
full of matter; -- opposed to <i>vacuum</i>.</def>  <i>G.
Francis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ple`o*chro"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
property of pleochroism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple*och"ro*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?; mor&?; +
&?; color.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The property possessed by some
crystals, of showing different colors when viewed in the direction of
different axes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple*och`ro*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pleochroic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple`o*chro"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pleochroism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple*och"ro*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pleochroic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple`o*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to pleomorphism; as, the <i>pleomorphic</i> character of
bacteria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple`o*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; more +
&?; form.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The property
of crystallizing under two or more distinct fundamental forms,
including <i>dimorphism</i> and <i>trimorphism</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The theory that the various
genera of bacteria are phases or variations of growth of a number of
Protean species, each of which may exhibit, according to undetermined
conditions, all or some of the forms characteristic of the different
genera and species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple`o*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
property of pleomorphism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple"o*nasm</hw>, (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pleonasmus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to be more than enough, to abound,
fr.&?;, neut. of &?;, more, compar. of &?; much. See <u>Full</u>, a.,
and cf. <u>Poly-</u>, <u>Plus</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Redundancy of
language in speaking or writing; the use of more words than are
necessary to express the idea; as, I saw it <i>with my own
eyes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple"o*nast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
addicted to pleonasm.</def> [R.]  <i>C. Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ple"o*naste</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?; abundant, rich;
cf. F. <i>pl</i>&eacute;<i>onaste</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A black
variety of spinel.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ple`o*nas"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Ple`o*nas"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pl&eacute;onastique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to pleonasm; of the nature of pleonasm;
redundant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple`o*nas"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
pleonastic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple"o*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Pleopods</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Pleopoda</b></plw> (#).
[Gr. &?; to swim + <i>-pod</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
abdominal legs of a crustacean. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Crustacea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple"rome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; that which
fills up, fr. &?; to fill.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The central column of
parenchyma in a growing stem or root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple*roph"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; full
+ &?; to bear.] <def>Fullness; full persuasion.</def> "A
<i>plerophory</i> of assurance."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ples"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pleasance.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plesh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pool; a
plash.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ple`si*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; near +
&?; form.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The property possessed by some
substances of crystallizing in closely similar forms while unlike in
chemical composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple`si*o*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
alike in form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple"si*o*saur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>One of the Plesiosauria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ple`si*o*sau"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Plesiosaurus</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order of
Mesozoic marine reptiles including the genera Plesiosaurus, and allied
forms; -- called also <i>Sauropterygia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ple`si*o*sau"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A plesiosaur.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ple`si*o*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Plesiosauri</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr &?; near + &?; a
lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of large extinct marine
reptiles, having a very long neck, a small head, and paddles for
swimming. It lived in the Mesozoic age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ples*sim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pleximeter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plete</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
plead.</def> [Obs.]  <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleth"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to be or become full.  Cf. <u>Pleonasm</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Overfullness; especially, excessive fullness
of the blood vessels; repletion; that state of the blood vessels or of
the system when the blood exceeds a healthy standard in quantity;
hyper&aelig;mia; -- opposed to <i>an&aelig;mia</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>State of being overfull; excess;
superabundance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He labors under a <i>plethora</i> of wit and
imagination.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleth`o*ret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Plethoric.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ple*thor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; cf. F.
<i>pl&eacute;thorique</i>.] <def>Haeving a full habit of body;
characterized by plethora or excess of blood; as, a <i>plethoric</i>
constitution; -- used also metaphorically.</def> "<i>Plethoric</i>
phrases." <i>Sydney Smith.</i> "<i>Plethoric</i> fullness of thought."
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ple*thor"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Plethoric.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Ple*thor"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleth"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Plethora.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Pleth"ron</hw> (?), <hw>||Pleth"rum</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Plethra</b></plw> (#). [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A long measure of 100 Greek, or
101 English, feet; also, a square measure of 10,000 Greek
feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleth"ys*mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an
enlargement + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for
determining and registering the variations in the size or volume of a
limb, as the arm or leg, and hence the variations in the amount of
blood in the limb.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pleth`ys*mo*graph"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1100  !></p>

<p><hw>Pleth`ys*mog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The study, by means of the plethysmograph, of
the variations in size of a limb, and hence of its blood
supply.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Pleuron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu"ra</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Pleur&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Pleuras</b></plw> (#).
[NL., <pos><i>n. fem.</i></pos>, fr. Gr. &?; a rib, the side.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The smooth
serous membrane which closely covers the lungs and the adjacent
surfaces of the thorax; the pleural membrane.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The closed sac formed by the pleural membrane
about each lung, or the fold of membrane connecting each lung with the
body wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Pleuron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the pleura or pleur&aelig;, or to the sides of the
thorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu*ral"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; rib + &?; pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pain in the side or region of
the ribs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu`ra*poph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pleurapophyses</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pleura</u>, and
<u>Apophysis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the ventral processes of
a vertebra, or the dorsal element in each half of a hemal arch,
forming, or corresponding to, a vertebral rib.</def> --
<wf>Pleu*rap`o*phys"i*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleu*ren"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; side +
&?;, as in <i>parenchyma</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tissue consisting
of long and slender tubular cells, of which wood is mainly
composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pleural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu"ri*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pleur&eacute;sie</i>, L. <i>pleurisis</i>, <i>pleuritis</i>, Gr
<grk>pleyri^tis</grk> (sc. <grk>no`sos</grk>), fr. <grk>pleyra`</grk>
rib, side.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inflammation of the pleura, usually
accompanied with fever, pain, difficult respiration, and cough, and
with exudation into the pleural cavity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pleurisy root</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The large tuberous root of a kind of milkweed (<i>Asclepias
tuberosa</i>) which is used as a remedy for pleuritic and other
diseases</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The plant itself, which has
deep orange-colored flowers; -- called also <i>butterfly
weed</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pleu"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Pleuron</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pleu*rit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pleu*rit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pleuriticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>pleur&eacute;tique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of
or pertaining to pleurisy; as, <i>pleuritic</i> symptoms.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Suffering from pleurisy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu*ri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pleurisy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu"ro-</hw> (?). [See <u>Pleura</u>.] <def>A combining form
denoting <i>relation to a side</i>; specif., <i>connection with</i>,
or <i>situation in</i> or <i>near</i>, <i>the pleura</i>; as,
<i>pleuro</i>peritoneum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu`ro*brach"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pleuro-</u>, and <u>Brachium</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus
of ctenophores having an ovate body and two long plumose
tentacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu"ro*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pleuro-
</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the
gills of a crustacean that is attached to the side of the
thorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu`ro*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pleuroeranchi&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Pleurobranch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu"ro*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pleuro-</i> +
Gr. &?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any pleurocarpic moss.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pleu`ro*car"pic</hw> (?), <hw>Pleu`ro*car"pous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Side-fruited; -- said of those
true mosses in which the pedicels or the capsules are from lateral
archegonia; -- opposed to <i>acrocarpous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu`ro*cen"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. see
<u>Pleuro-</u>, and <u>Centrum</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the
lateral elements in the centra of the vertebr&aelig; in some fossil
batrachians.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu*rod"e*res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; the side + &?; the neck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
fresh-water turtles in which the neck can not be retracted, but is
bent to one side, for protection. The matamata is an
example.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu"ro*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pleuro-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, a tooth.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the teeth
consolidated with the inner edge of the jaw, as in some
lizards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu"ro*dont</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any lizard having pleurodont teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu`ro*dyn"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; side + &?; pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A painful affection of the
side, simulating pleurisy, usually due to rheumatism.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pleura</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a rib.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the sides of an
animal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the lateral pieces of a
somite of an insect.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of lateral
processes of a somite of a crustacean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu`ro*nec"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Pleuronectes</i>, name of a genus (fr. Gr. &?; rib + &?; a swimmer)
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
<i>Pleuronectid&aelig;</i>, or Flounder family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu`ro*per`i*car"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the pleura and
pericardium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu`ro*per`ip*neu"mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Pleuro-</i> + <i>peripneumony</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pleuropneumonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu`ro*per`i*to*ne"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the pleural and peritoneal
membranes or cavities, or to the pleuroperitoneum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pleu`ro*per`i*to*ne"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Pleuro-</i> + <i>peritoneum</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The pleural
and peritoneal membranes, or the membrane lining the body cavity and
covering the surface of the inclosed viscera; the peritoneum; -- used
especially in the case of those animals in which the body cavity is
not divided.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Peritoneum</i> is now often used in the sense of
<i>pleuroperitoneum</i>, the pleur&aelig; being regarded as a part of
the peritoneum, when the body cavity is undivided.</p>

<p><hw>Pleu`ro*pneu*mo"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pleuro-
</i> + <i>pneumonia</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
pleura and lungs; a combination of pleurisy and pneumonia, esp. a kind
of contagions and fatal lung plague of cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu*rop"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; side + &?; wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
Isectivora, including the colugo.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu`ro*sig"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pleuro-</u>, and <u>Sigma</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
diatoms of elongated elliptical shape, but having the sides slightly
curved in the form of a letter <universbold>S</universbold>.
<i>Pleurosigma angulatum</i> has very fine striations, and is a
favorite object for testing the high powers of microscopes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu*ros"te*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Pleurostea</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>-ons</b></plw> (#). [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; a rib + &?; a bone.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The antero-
lateral piece which articulates the sternum of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu`ro*thot"o*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>pleyro`qen</grk> from the side + <grk>to`nos</grk> a
stretching.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A species of tetanus, in which the
body is curved laterally.</def>  <i>Quain.</i>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pleu*rot"o*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Pleurotom&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Pleurotomas</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the side +
<grk>tomh`</grk> a cut.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any marine gastropod
belonging to <i>Pleurotoma</i>, and ether allied genera of the family
<i>Pleurotmid&aelig;</i>. The species are very numerous, especially in
tropical seas. The outer lip has usually a posterior notch or
slit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plev"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>plevine</i>. See
<u>Replevin</u>.] <def>A warrant or assurance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Plex"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Plexus</i> +
<i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>Plexiforme</i>.] <def>Like network;
complicated.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plex*im"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; stroke,
percussion (from &?; to strike) + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
small, hard, elastic plate, as of ivory, bone, or rubber, placed in
contact with body to receive the blow, in examination by mediate
percussion.</def> [Written also <i>plexometer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Plex"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Plexus</u>.]
<def>The act or process of weaving together, or interweaving; that
which is woven together.</def>  <i>H. Brooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plex"us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Plexus</b></plw>, E. <plw><b>Plexuses</b></plw> (#). [L., a
twining, braid, fr. <i>plectere</i>, <i>plexum</i>, to twine, braid.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A network of vessels, nerves,
or fibers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The system of equations
required for the complete expression of the relations which exist
between a set of quantities.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pley</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Play</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pley</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full See
<u>Plein</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pleyt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An old
term for a river boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pli`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being pliable; flexibility; as, <i>pliability</i> of
disposition.</def> "<i>Pliability</i> of movement."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pli"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>plier</i>
to bend, to fold. See <u>Ply</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being plied, turned, or bent; easy
to be bent; flexible; pliant; supple; limber; yielding; as, willow is
a <i>pliable</i> plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Flexible in disposition; readily yielding
to influence, arguments, persuasion, or discipline; easy to be
persuaded; -- sometimes in a bad sense; as, a <i>pliable</i>
youth.</def> "<i>Pliable</i> she promised to be."  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pli"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pli"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pli"an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being pliant in sense; as, the <i>pliancy</i> of a rod.</def>
"Avaunt all specious <i>pliancy</i> of mind."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pli"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>pliant</i>, p.
pr. of <i>plier</i> to bend. See <u>Ply</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of plying or bending; readily yielding
to force or pressure without breaking; flexible; pliable; lithe;
limber; plastic; as, a <i>pliant</i> thread; <i>pliant</i> wax.  Also
used figuratively: Easily influenced for good or evil; tractable; as,
a <i>pliant</i> heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The will was then ductile and <i>pliant</i> to right
reason.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Favorable to pliancy.</def> [R.] "A
<i>pliant</i> hour." <i>Shak.</i> -- <wf>Pli"ant*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Pli"ant*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pli"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., a fold, fr. L.
<i>plicare</i> to fold. See <u>Ply</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease of the hair (<i>Plica
polonica</i>), in which it becomes twisted and matted together. The
disease is of Polish origin, and is hence called also <i>Polish
plait</i>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A diseased state in plants in
which there is an excessive development of small entangled twigs,
instead of ordinary branches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bend of the wing of
a bird.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pli"cate</hw> (?), <hw>Pli"ca*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>plicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>plicare</i> to
fold.] <def>Plaited; folded like a fan; as, a <i>plicate</i>
leaf.</def> -- <wf>Pli"cate*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A folding or
fold; a plait.</def>  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plic"a*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>plicatura</i>, fr. <i>plicare</i> to fold.] <def>A fold; a
doubling; a plication.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plic`i*den"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>plica</i> fold + E. <i>dentine</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A form of
dentine which shows sinuous lines of structure in a transverse section
of the tooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plied</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Ply</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pli"ers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [From <u>Ply</u> to
bend, fold.] <def>A kind of small pinchers with long jaws, -- used for
bending or cutting metal rods or wire, for handling small objects such
as the parts of a watch, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pli"form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ply</i> a fold +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>In the form of a ply, fold, or doubling.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plight</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Plight</u>, to pledge.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plight</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Pluck</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pliten</i>;
probably through Old French, fr. LL. <i>plectare</i>, L.
<i>plectere</i>. See <u>Plait</u>, <u>Ply</u>.] <def>To weave; to
braid; to fold; to plait.</def>[Obs.] "To sew and <i>plight</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>plighted</i> garment of divers
colors.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A network; a plait;
a fold; rarely a garment.</def> [Obs.] "Many a folded <i>plight</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plight</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pliht</i> danger,
engagement, AS. <i>pliht</i> danger, fr. <i>ple&oacute;n</i> to risk;
akin to D. <i>plicht</i> duty, G. <i>pflicht</i>, Dan. <i>pligt</i>.
&radic;28.  Cf. <u>Play</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is
exposed to risk; that which is plighted or pledged; security; a gage;
a pledge.</def> "That lord whose hand must take my <i>plight</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perh. the same word as <i>plight</i> a pledge,
but at least influenced by OF. <i>plite</i>, <i>pliste</i>,
<i>ploit</i>, <i>ploi</i>, a condition, state; cf. E. <i>plight</i> to
fold, and F. <i>pli</i> a fold, habit, <i>plier</i> to fold, E.
<i>ply</i>.] <def>Condition; state; -- risk, or exposure to danger,
often being implied; as, a luckless <i>plight</i>.</def> "Your
<i>plight</i> is pitied."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To bring our craft all in another
<i>plight</i></blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plighting</u>.] [AS. <i>plihtan</i> to expose to danger,
<i>pliht</i> danger;cf. D. ver<i>plichten</i> to oblige, engage,
impose a duty, G. ver<i>pflichten</i>, Sw. f&ouml;r<i>plikta</i>, Dan.
for<i>pligte</i>. See <u>Plight</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pledge; to give as a pledge for the
performance of some act; as, to <i>plight</i> faith, honor, word; --
never applied to property or goods.</def> " To do them <i>plighte</i>
their troth."  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>plighted</i> his right hand<BR>
Unto another love, and to another land.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here my inviolable faith I <i>plight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To promise; to engage; to
betroth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before its setting hour, divide<BR>
The bridegroom from the <i>plighted</i> bride.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plight"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, plights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plim</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Plump</u>.]
<def>To swell, as grain or wood with water.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plim"soll's mark`</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A mark
conspicuously painted on the port side of all British sea-going
merchant vessels, to indicate the limit of submergence allowed by law;
-- so called from Samuel <i>Plimsoll</i>, by whose efforts the act of
Parliament to prevent overloading was procured.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plinth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>plinthus</i>, Gr.
&?; a brick or tile, a plinth, perh. akin to E. <i>flint</i>: cf. F.
<i>plinthe</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>In classical architecture, a
vertically faced member immediately below the circular base of a
column; also, the lowest member of a pedestal; hence, in general, the
lowest member of a base; a sub-base; a block upon which the moldings
of an architrave or trim are stopped at the bottom. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Column</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pli"o*cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>pleiocene</i>.] [Gr. &?; more + &?; new, recent.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or characterizing, the most recent division of
the Tertiary age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pli"o*cene</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The
Pliocene period or deposits.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pli`o*hip"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. E.
<i>plio</i>cene + Gr. &?; horse.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct
genus of horses from the Pliocene deposits. Each foot had a single toe
(or hoof), as in the common horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pli`o*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; greater + &?; lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct genus of
marine reptiles allied to Plesiosaurus, but having a much shorter
neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plitt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>plete</i>.]
<def>An instrument of punishment or torture resembling the knout, used
in Russia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ploc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
mixture of hair and tar for covering the bottom of a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plo"ce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
complication, fr. &?; to entwine.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure in
which a word is separated or repeated by way of emphasis, so as not
only to signify the individual thing denoted by it, but also its
peculiar attribute or quality; as, "His <i>wife</i>'s a <i>wife</i>
indeed."</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plod</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plodded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plodding</u>.] [Gf. Gael. <i>plod</i> a clod, a pool; also, to
strike or pelt with a clod or clods.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
travel slowly but steadily; to trudge.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To toil; to drudge; especially, to study
laboriously and patiently.</def> "<i>Plodding</i> schoolmen."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plod</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To walk on slowly or
heavily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ploughman homeward <i>plods</i> his weary
way.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plod"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who plods; a
drudge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plod"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Progressing in a
slow, toilsome manner; characterized by laborious diligence; as, a
<i>plodding</i> peddler; a <i>plodding</i> student; a man of
<i>plodding</i> habits.</def> --<wf>Plod"ding*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Plonge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Plunge</u>.]
<def>To cleanse, as open drains which are entered by the tide, by
stirring up the sediment when the tide ebbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plon`g&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Plunge</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A slope or sloping toward the
front; as, the <i>plong&eacute;e</i> of a parapet; the
<i>plong&eacute;e</i> of a shell in its course.</def> [Sometimes
written <i>plonge</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Plot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>plot</i>; cf. Goth.
<i>plats</i> a patch.  Cf. <u>Plat</u> a piece of ground.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small extent of ground; a plat; as, a garden
<i>plot</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plantation laid out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>A plan or draught of a
field, farm, estate, etc., drawn to a scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plotted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plotting</u>.] <def>To make a plot, map, pr plan, of; to mark the
position of on a plan; to delineate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> This treatise <i>plotteth</i> down Cornwall as it now
standeth.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from <i>complot</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any scheme, stratagem, secret design, or plan,
of a complicated nature, adapted to the accomplishment of some
purpose, usually a treacherous and mischievous one; a conspiracy; an
intrigue; as, the Rye-house <i>Plot</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have overheard a <i>plot</i> of death.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, think what anxious moments pass between<BR>
The birth of <i>plots</i> and their last fatal periods!</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A share in such a plot or scheme; a
participation in any stratagem or conspiracy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And when Christ saith, Who marries the divorced commits
adultery, it is to be understood, if he had any <i>plot</i> in the
divorce.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Contrivance; deep reach of thought; ability
to plot or intrigue.</def> [Obs.] "A man of much <i>plot</i>."
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A plan; a purpose.</def> "No other
<i>plot</i> in their religion but serve God and save their souls."
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In fiction, the story of a play, novel,
romance, or poem, comprising a complication of incidents which are
gradually unfolded, sometimes by unexpected means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the <i>plot</i> or intrigue must be natural, and
such as springs from the subject, then the winding up of the
<i>plot</i> must be a probable consequence of all that went
before.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Intrigue; stratagem; conspiracy; cabal; combination;
contrivance.</p>

<p><! p. 1101  !></p>

<p><hw>Plot</hw> (pl&obreve;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form a scheme of mischief against another,
especially against a government or those who administer it; to
conspire.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wicked <i>plotteth</i> against the
just.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxvii. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contrive a plan or stratagem; to
scheme.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The prince did <i>plot</i> to be secretly
gone.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To plan; to scheme; to
devise; to contrive secretly.</def> "<i>Plotting</i> an unprofitable
crime." <i>Dryden.</i> "<i>Plotting</i> now the fall of others."
<i>Milton</i></p>

<p><hw>Plot"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
plots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plo*tin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos><def>Of pertaining
to the Plotinists or their doctrines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plo*ti"nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>A disciple of Plotinus, a celebrated Platonic philosopher of the
third century, who taught that the human soul emanates from the divine
Being, to whom it reunited at death.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plot"-proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Secure against
harm by plots.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plot"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who plots or
schemes; a contriver; a conspirator; a schemer.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Plow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>plovier</i>, F.
<i>pluvier</i>, prop., the rain bird, fr. LL. (assumed)
<i>pluviarius</i>, fr. L. <i>pluvia</i> rain, from <i>pluere</i> to
rain; akin to E. <i>float</i>, G. <i>fliessen</i> to flow. See
<u>Float</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of limicoline birds belonging to the family
<i>Charadrid&aelig;</i>, and especially those belonging to the
subfamily <i>Charadrins&aelig;</i>. They are prized as game
birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any grallatorial bird
allied to, or resembling, the true plovers, as the crab plover
(<i>Dromas ardeola</i>); the American upland, plover (<i>Bartramia
longicauda</i>); and other species of sandpipers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the more important species are the <i>blackbellied, or
blackbreasted, plover</i> (<i>Charadrius squatarola</i>) of America
and Europe; -- called also <i>gray plover</i>, <i>bull-head
plover</i>, <i>Swiss plover</i>, <i>sea plover</i>, and <i>oxeye</i>;
the <i>golden plover</i> (see under <u>Golden</u>); the <i>ring or
ringed plover</i> (<i>&AElig;gialitis hiaticula</i>). See
<u>Ringneck</u>. The <i>piping plover</i> (<i>&AElig;gialitis
meloda</i>); <i>Wilson's plover</i> (<i>&AElig;. Wilsonia</i>); the
<i>mountain plover</i> (<i>&AElig;. montana</i>); and the
<i>semipalmated plover</i> (<i>&AElig;. semipalmata</i>), are all
small American species.</p>

<p><col><b>Bastard plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
lapwing.</cd> -- <col><b>Long-legged</b></col>, or <col><b>yellow-
legged</b></col>, <col><b>plover</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Tattler</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Plover's page</b></col>, <cd>the
dunlin.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Rock plover</b></col>, or
<col><b>Stone plover</b></col>, <cd>the black-bellied plover.</cd>
[Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Whistling plover</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The golden plover</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The black-bellied plover.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow</hw>, <hw>Plough</hw>  } (plou), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>plouh</i>, <i>plou</i>, AS. <i>pl&omacr;h</i>; akin to D.
<i>ploeg</i>, G. <i>pflug</i>, OHG. <i>pfluog</i>, <i>pfluoh</i>,
Icel. <i>pl&omacr;gr</i>, Sw. <i>plog</i>, Dan. <i>ploug</i>,
<i>plov</i>, Russ. <i>plug'</i>, Lith. <i>plugas</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A well-known implement, drawn by horses,
mules, oxen, or other power, for turning up the soil to prepare it for
bearing crops; also used to furrow or break up the soil for other
purposes; as, the subsoil <i>plow</i>; the draining
<i>plow</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where fern succeeds ungrateful to the
<i>plow</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Agriculture; husbandry.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A carucate of land; a plowland.</def>
[Obs.] [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Johan, mine eldest son, shall have <i>plowes</i>
five.</blockquote> <i>Tale of Gamelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A joiner's plane for making grooves; a
grooving plane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bookbinding)</i> <def>An implement for
trimming or shaving off the edges of books.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Charles's
Wain</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ice plow</b></col>, <cd>a plow used for cutting ice on
rivers, ponds, etc.</cd>, into cakes suitable for storing. [U. S.] --
<col><b>Mackerel plow</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Mackerel</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Plow alms</b></col>, <cd>a penny formerly paid by every
plowland to the church.</cd> <i>Cowell.</i> -- <col><b>Plow
beam</b></col>, <cd>that part of the frame of a plow to which the
draught is applied. See <u>Beam</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9.</cd> --
<col><b>Plow Monday</b></col>, <cd>the Monday after Twelth Day, or the
end of Christmas holidays.</cd> -- <col><b>Plow staff</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of long-handled spade or paddle for
cleaning the plowshare; a paddle staff</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
plow handle.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow plow</b></col>, <cd>a structure,
usually &LAMBDA;-shaped, for removing snow from sidewalks, railroads,
etc., -- drawn or driven by a horse or a locomotive.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow</hw>, <hw>Plough</hw>, } <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Plowed</u> (ploud) or
<u>Ploughed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Plowing</u> or
<u>Ploughing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn up, break up, or
trench, with a plow; to till with, or as with, a plow; as, to
<i>plow</i> the ground; to <i>plow</i> a field.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furrow; to make furrows, grooves, or
ridges in; to run through, as in sailing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let patient Octavia <i>plow</i> thy visage up<BR>
With her prepared nails.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With speed we <i>plow</i> the watery way.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bookbinding)</i> <def>To trim, or shave off
the edges of, as a book or paper, with a plow. See <u>Plow</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Joinery)</i> <def>To cut a groove in, as in
a plank, or the edge of a board; especially, a rectangular groove to
receive the end of a shelf or tread, the edge of a panel, a tongue,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To plow in</b></col>, <cd>to cover by plowing; as, <i>to
plow in</i> wheat.</cd> -- <col><b>To plow up</b></col>, <cd>to turn
out of the ground by plowing.</cd>
</p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow</hw>, <hw>Plough</hw>  } (plou), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To labor with, or as with, a plow; to till or turn up the soil
with a plow; to prepare the soil or bed for anything.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Doth the plowman <i>plow</i> all day to sow
?</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxviii. 24.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"a*ble</hw>, <hw>Plough"a*ble</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being plowed; arable.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"bote`</hw>, <hw>Plough"bote`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>Wood or timber allowed to
a tenant for the repair of instruments of husbandry. See
<u>Bote</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"boy`</hw>, <hw>Plough"boy`</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A boy that drives or guides a team in plowing; a young
rustic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"er</hw>, <hw>Plough"er</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who plows; a plowman; a cultivator.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"foot`</hw>, <hw>Plough"foot`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adjustable staff formerly attached to the
plow beam to determine the depth of the furrow.</def>  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"gang`</hw>, <hw>Plough"gang`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Plowgate</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"gate`</hw>, <hw>Plough"gate`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Scotch equivalent of the English word
<i>plowland</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not having one <i>plowgate</i> of land.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"head`</hw>, <hw>Plough"head`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The clevis or draught iron of a
plow.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"land`</hw>, <hw>Ploug"land`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Land that is plowed, or
suitable for tillage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>the quantity of land
allotted for the work of one plow; a hide.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"man</hw>, <hw>Plough"man</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-men</b></plw> (&?;).
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who plows, or who holds and guides a plow;
hence, a husbandman.</def>  <i>Chaucer. Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rustic; a countryman; a field
laborer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plowman's spikenard</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European
composite weed (<i>Conyza squarrosa</i>), having fragrant roots.</cd>
<i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"point`</hw>, <hw>Plough"point`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A detachable share at the extreme front end
of the plow body.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"share`</hw>, <hw>Plough"share"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The share of a plow, or that part which cuts
the slice of earth or sod at the bottom of the furrow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plowshare bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
pygostyle.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"tail`</hw>, <hw>Plough"tail`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hind part or handle of a plow.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plow"wright`</hw>, <hw>Plough"wright`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes or repairs plows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ploy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sport; frolic.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Ploy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Prob. abbrev. fr.
<i>deploy</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To form a column from a line of
troops on some designated subdivision; -- the opposite of
<i>deploy</i>.</def>  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ploy"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The
act or movement of forming a column from a line of troops on some
designated subdivision; -- the opposite of
<i>deployment</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pluck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plucked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plucking</u>.] [AS. <i>pluccian</i>; akin to LG. &amp; D.
<i>plukken</i>, G. <i>pfl&uuml;cken</i>, Icel. <i>plokka</i>,
<i>plukka</i>, Dan. <i>plukke</i>, Sw. <i>plocka</i>. &?;27.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pull; to draw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Its own nature . . . <i>plucks</i> on its own
dissolution.</blockquote> <i>Je&?;. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, to pull with sudden force or
effort, or to pull off or out from something, with a twitch; to
twitch; also, to gather, to pick; as, to <i>pluck</i> feathers from a
fowl; to <i>pluck</i> hair or wool from a skin; to <i>pluck</i>
grapes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I come to <i>pluck</i> your berries harsh and
crude.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>E'en children followed, with endearing wile,<BR>
And <i>plucked</i> his gown to share the good man's
smile.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strip of, or as of, feathers; as, to
<i>pluck</i> a fowl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They which pass by the way do <i>pluck</i>
her.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxx.&?;2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Universities)</i> <def>To reject at an
examination for degrees.</def>  <i>C. Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To pluck away</b></col>, <cd>to pull away, or to separate
by pulling; to tear away.</cd> -- <col><b>To pluck down</b></col>,
<cd>to pull down; to demolish; to reduce to a lower state.</cd> --
<col><b>to pluck off</b></col>, <cd>to pull or tear off; as, <i>to
pluck off</i> the skin.</cd> -- <col><b>to pluck up</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To tear up by the roots or from the
foundation; to eradicate; to exterminate; to destroy; as, <i>to pluck
up</i> a plant; <i>to pluck up</i> a nation</cd>. <i>Jer. xii. 17.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To gather up; to summon; as, <i>to pluck
up</i> courage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pluck</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a motion of
pulling or twitching; -- usually with <i>at</i>; as, to <i>pluck</i>
at one's gown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pluck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of plucking; a pull; a twitch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Prob. so called as being <i>plucked</i> out
after the animal is killed; or cf. Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>pluc</i> a lump, a
knot, a bunch.] <def>The heart, liver, and lights of an
animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Spirit; courage; indomitable resolution;
fortitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Decay of English spirit, decay of manly
<i>pluck</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of plucking, or the state of being
plucked, at college. See <u>Pluck</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lyrie.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Plucked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having courage and
spirit.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pluck"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, plucks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou setter up and <i>plucker</i> down of
kings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine for straightening and cleaning
wool.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pluck"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a plucky
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pluck"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being plucky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pluck"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without pluck;
timid; faint-hearted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pluck"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Pluckier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Pluckiest</u>.] <def>Having pluck or
courage; characterized by pluck; displaying pluck; courageous;
spirited; as, a <i>plucky</i> race.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you're <i>plucky</i>, and not over subject to
fright.</blockquote> <i>Barham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pluff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Prob. of imitative
origin.] <def>To throw out, as smoke, dust, etc., in puffs.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Pluff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
puff, as of smoke from a pipe, or of dust from a puffball; a slight
explosion, as of a small quantity of gunpowder.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hairdresser's powder puff; also, the act
of using it.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Plug</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D. <i>plug</i>, G.
<i>pflock</i>, Dan. <i>pl&ouml;k</i>, <i>plug</i>, Sw. <i>plugg</i>;
cf. W. <i>ploc</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any piece of wood, metal,
or other substance used to stop or fill a hole; a stopple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flat oblong cake of pressed
tobacco.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A high, tapering silk hat.</def> [Slang,
U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A worthless horse.</def> [Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Building)</i> <def>A block of wood let into
a wall, to afford a hold for nails.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fire plug</b></col>, <cd>a street hydrant to which hose may
be attached.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>Hawse plug</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a plug to stop a hawse hole.</cd> -- <col><b>Plug
and feather</b></col>. <i>(Stone Working)</i> <cd>See <u>Feather</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</cd> -- <col><b>Plug centerbit</b></col>,
<cd>a centerbit ending in a small cylinder instead of a point, so as
to follow and enlarge a hole previously made, or to form a counterbore
around it.</cd> -- <col><b>Plug rod</b></col> <i>(Steam Eng.)</i>
<cd>, a rod attached to the beam for working the valves, as in the
Cornish engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Plug valve</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>,
<cd>a tapering valve, which turns in a case like the <i>plug</i> of a
faucet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plug</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plugging</u> (?).] <def>To stop with a plug; to make tight by
stopping a hole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plug"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, plugs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plug"ging</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of stopping with a plug.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The material of which a plug or stopple is
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>pl&umacr;me</i>,
fr. L. <i>prunum</i>; akin to Gr. &?;, &?;.  Cf. <u>Prune</u> a dried
plum.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The edible drupaceous fruit
of the <i>Prunus domestica</i>, and of several other species of
<i>Prunus</i>; also, the tree itself, usually called <i>plum
tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bullace, the damson, and the numerous varieties of
<i>plum</i>, of our gardens, although growing into thornless trees,
are believed to be varieties of the blackthorn, produced by long
cultivation.</blockquote> <i>G. Bentham.</i></p>

<p>
&fist; Two or three hundred varieties of plums derived from the
<i>Prunus domestica</i> are described; among them the
<i>greengage</i>, the <i>Orleans</i>, the <i>purple gage</i>, or
<i>Reine Claude Violette</i>, and the <i>German prune</i>, are some of
the best known.</p>

<p>&fist; Among the true plums are; <col><b>Beach plum</b></col>, the
<i>Prunus maritima</i>, and its crimson or purple globular drupes, --
<col><b>Bullace plum</b></col>. See <u>Bullace</u>. --
<col><b>Chickasaw plum</b></col>, the American <i>Prunus Chicasa</i>,
and its round red drupes. -- <col><b>Orleans plum</b></col>, a dark
reddish purple plum of medium size, much grown in England for sale in
the markets. -- <col><b>Wild plum of America</b></col>, <i>Prunus
Americana</i>, with red or yellow fruit, the original of the <i>Iowa
plum</i> and several other varieties.</p>

<p>   Among plants called <i>plum</i>, but of other genera than
<i>Prunus</i>, are; <col><b>Australian plum</b></col>, <i>Cargillia
arborea</i> and <i>C. australis</i>, of the same family with the
persimmon. -- <col><b>Blood plum</b></col>, the West African
<i>H&aelig;matostaphes Barteri</i>. -- <col><b>Cocoa plum</b></col>,
the Spanish nectarine. See under <u>Nectarine</u>. -- <col><b>Date
plum</b></col>. See under <u>Date</u>. -- <col><b>Gingerbread
plum</b></col>, the West African <i>Parinarium macrophyllum</i>. --
<col><b>Gopher plum</b></col>, the Ogeechee lime. -- <col><b>Gray
plum</b></col>, <col><b>Guinea plum</b></col>. See under
<u>Guinea</u>. -- <col><b>Indian plum</b></col>, several species of
<i>Flacourtia</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grape dried in the sun; a
raisin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A handsome fortune or property; formerly,
in cant language, the sum of &pound;100,000 sterling; also, the person
possessing it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plum bird</b></col>, <col><b>Plum budder</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European bullfinch.</cd> -- <col><b>Plum
gouger</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a weevil, or curculio
(<i>Coccotorus scutellaris</i>), which destroys plums. It makes round
holes in the pulp, for the reception of its eggs. The larva bores into
the stone and eats the kernel.</cd> -- <col><b>Plum weevil</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American weevil which is very destructive
to plums, nectarines, cherries, and many other stone fruits. It lays
its eggs in crescent-shaped incisions made with its jaws. The larva
lives upon the pulp around the stone. Called also <i>turk</i>, and
<i>plum curculio</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Curculio</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Plu"ma</hw> (pl&umacr;"m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Plum&aelig;</b></plw> (-m&emacr;). [L.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plum"age</hw> (pl&umacr;m"&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
from <i>plume</i> a feather.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The entire
clothing of a bird.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It consist of the <i>contour feathers</i>, or the ordinary
feathers covering the head, neck, and body; the <i>tail feathers</i>,
with their upper and lower coverts; the <i>wing feathers</i>,
including primaries, secondaries, and tertiaries, with their coverts;
and the <i>down</i> which lies beneath the contour feathers. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Bird</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Plu*mas"sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>plumasseau</i>.] <def>A plume or collection of ornamental
feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plu`mas`sier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>One
who prepares or deals in ornamental plumes or feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plumb</hw> (pl&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>plomb</i>, L. <i>plumbum</i> lead, a leaden ball or bullet; cf. Gr.
<grk>mo`lybos</grk>, <grk>mo`libos</grk>, <grk>mo`lybdos</grk>.  Cf.
<u>Plummet</u>, <u>Plunge</u>.] <def>A little mass or weight of lead,
or the like, attached to a line, and used by builders, etc., to
indicate a vertical direction; a plummet; a plumb bob. See <i>Plumb
line</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plumb bob</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bob</u>, 4.</cd> --
<col><b>Plumb joint</b></col>, <cd>in sheet-metal work, a lap joint,
fastened by solder.</cd> -- <col><b>Plumb level</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Level</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Plumb line</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The cord by which a plumb bob is suspended; a
plummet</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A line directed to the center of
gravity of the earth.</cd> -- <col><b>Plumb rule</b></col>, <cd>a
narrow board with a plumb line, used by builders and
carpenters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plumb</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Perpendicular; vertical;
conforming the direction of a line attached to a plumb; as, the wall
is <i>plumb</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plumb</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a plumb direction;
perpendicularly.</def> "<i>Plumb</i> down he falls."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plumb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plumbed</u> (pl&ubreve;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Plumbing</u> (pl&ubreve;m"&ibreve;ng).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To adjust by a plumb line; to cause to be
perpendicular; as, to <i>plumb</i> a building or a wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sound with a plumb or plummet, as the
depth of water; hence, to examine by test; to ascertain the depth,
quality, dimension, etc.; to sound; to fathom; to test.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He did not attempt to <i>plumb</i> his
intellect.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To seal with lead; as, to <i>plumb</i> a
drainpipe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To supply, as a building, with a system of
plumbing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plumb"age</hw> (pl&ubreve;m"&asl;j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Leadwork</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Plum*ba"gin</hw> (pl&ubreve;m*b&amacr;"j&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>plumbago</i> leadwort, fr. <i>plumbum</i>
lead; cf. F. <i>plombagin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline
substance said to be found in the root of a certain plant of the
Leadwort (<i>Plumbago</i>) family.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1102  !></p>

<p><hw>Plum`ba*gin"e*ous</hw>
(pl&ubreve;m`b&adot;*j&ibreve;n"&esl;*&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to natural order
(<i>Plumbagine&aelig;</i>) of gamopetalous herbs, of which Plumbago is
the type. The order includes also the marsh rosemary, the thrift, and
a few other genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plum*bag"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
plumbago; consisting of, or containing, plumbago; as, a
<i>plumbaginous</i> slate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plum*ba"go</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from <i>plumbum</i>
lead.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Graphite</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of herbaceous plants
with pretty salver-shaped corollas, usually blue or violet;
leadwort.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plum"be*an</hw> (?), <hw>Plum"be*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>plumbeus</i>, from <i>plumbum</i> the
metal lead.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or resembling,
lead.</def>  <i>J. Ellis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dull; heavy; stupid.</def> [R.]  <i>J. P.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plumb"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>plombier</i>.
See <u>Plumb</u>.] <def>One who works in lead; esp., one who
furnishes, fits, and repairs lead, iron, or glass pipes, and other
apparatus for the conveyance of water, gas, or drainage in
buildings.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Plumb"er block`</hw> (?). <def>A pillow block.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plumb"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>plomberie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The business of a
plumber.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place where plumbing is carried on; lead
works.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plum"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Plumbum</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, resembling, or containing,
lead; -- used specifically to designate those compounds in which it
has a higher valence as contrasted with <i>plumbous</i> compounds; as,
<i>plumbic</i> oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plum*bif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Plumbum</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing or containing lead.</def>
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plumb"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art of casting and working in lead, and applying it to
building purposes; especially, the business of furnishing, fitting,
and repairing pipes for conducting water, sewage, etc.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The lead or iron pipes, and other
apparatus, used in conveying water, sewage, etc., in a
building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plum"bism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Plumbum</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A diseased condition, produced by the absorption of
lead, common among workers in this metal or in its compounds, as among
painters, typesetters, etc. It is characterized by various symptoms,
as lead colic, lead line, and wrist drop. See under <u>Colic</u>,
<u>Lead</u>, and <u>Wrist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plum"bous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Plumbum</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or containing, lead; -- used
specifically to designate those compounds in which it has a lower
valence as contrasted with <i>plumbic</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plum"bum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The technical name of lead. See <u>Lead</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plume</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>pluma</i>.
Cf. <u>Fly</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A feather; esp., a soft, downy feather, or
a long, conspicuous, or handsome feather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wings . . . of many a colored
<i>plume</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An ornamental tuft of
feathers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A feather, or group of feathers, worn as an
ornament; a waving ornament of hair, or other material resembling
feathers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His high <i>plume</i>, that nodded o'er his
head.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A token of honor or prowess; that on which
one prides himself; a prize or reward.</def> "Ambitious to win from me
some <i>plume</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large and flexible panicle
of inflorescence resembling a feather, such as is seen in certain
large ornamental grasses.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plume bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any bird that
yields ornamental plumes, especially the species of Epimarchus from
New Guinea, and some of the herons and egrets, as the white heron of
Florida (<i>Ardea candidissima</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Plume
grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of grass
(<i>Erianthus saccharoides</i>) with the spikelets arranged in great
silky plumes, growing in swamps in the Southern United States</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The still finer <i>E. Ravenn&aelig;</i> from
the Mediterranean region. The name is sometimes extended to the whole
genus.</cd> -- <col><b>Plume moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of numerous small, slender moths, belonging to the family
<i>Pterophorid&aelig;</i>. Most of them have the wings deeply divided
into two or more plumelike lobes. Some species are injurious to the
grapevine.</cd> -- <col><b>Plume nutmeg</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an aromatic Australian tree (<i>Atherosperma moschata</i>), whose
numerous carpels are tipped with long plumose persistent
styles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plume</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plumed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pluming</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>plumer</i> to pluck, to strip, L.
<i>plumare</i> to cover with feathers.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pick and adjust the plumes or feathers of; to dress or
prink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pluming</i> her wings among the breezy
bowers.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strip of feathers; to pluck; to strip;
to pillage; also, to peel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon. Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with feathers or plumes.</def>
"Farewell the <i>plumed</i> troop."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pride; to vaunt; to boast; -- used
reflexively; as, he <i>plumes</i> himself on his skill.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Plumed adder</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an African
viper (<i>Vipera, or  Clotho cornuta</i>), having a plumelike
structure over each eye. It is venomous, and is related to the African
puff adder. Called also <i>horned viper</i> and <i>hornsman</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Plumed partridge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
California mountain quail (<i>Oreortyx pictus</i>). See <i>Mountain
quail</i>, under <u>Mountain</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plume"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
plumes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plume"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Plume</i> + <i>-
let</i>.] <def>A small plume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When rosy <i>plumelets</i> tuft the larch.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plum"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Plumes,
collectively or in general; plumage.</def> [R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plu"mi*corn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pluma</i>
feather + <i>cornu</i> horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An ear tuft of
feathers, as in the horned owls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu*mig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>plumiger</i>; <i>pluma</i> a feather + <i>gerere</i> to bear.]
<def>Feathered; having feathers.</def>  <i>Bailey</i></p>

<p><hw>Plu*mil"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>plumula</i>, or <i>plumella</i> a little feather (dim. of
<i>pluma</i> feather) + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the of a plume or
feather.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Plu"mi*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>plumipes</i>,
<i>-edis</i>; <i>pluma</i> a feather + <i>pes</i>: cf. F.
<i>plumip&egrave;de</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having feet covered
with feathers.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plumiped
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plum"met</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>plommet</i>,
OF. <i>plommet</i>, fr. <i>plom</i>, <i>plum</i>, lead, F.
<i>plomb</i>. See <u>Plumb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of
lead attached to a line, used in sounding the depth of
water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll sink him deeper than e'er <i>plummet</i>
sounded.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plumb bob or a plumb line. See under
<u>Plumb</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any weight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece of lead formerly used by school
children to rule paper for writing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plummet line</b></col>, <cd>a line with a plummet; a
sounding line.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plum"ming</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Plumb</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>The operation of finding, by means of a mine dial,
the place where to sink an air shaft, or to bring an adit to the work,
or to find which way the lode inclines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plum"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Plum</u>.]
<def>Of the nature of a plum; desirable; profitable;
advantageous.</def> [Colloq.] "For the sake of getting something
<i>plummy</i>."  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Plu*mose"</hw> (?), <hw>Plu"mous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>plumosus</i>, fr. <i>pluma</i> feather:
cf. F. <i>plumeux</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having feathers or plumes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having hairs, or other p&aacute;rts,
arranged along an axis like a feather; feathery; plumelike; as, a
<i>plumose</i> leaf; <i>plumose</i> tentacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"mo*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Jamesonite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu*mos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being plumose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plump</hw> (pl&ubreve;mp), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Plumper</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Plumpest</u>.] [OE. <i>plomp</i> rude,
clumsy; akin to D. <i>plomp</i>, G., Dan., &amp; Sw. <i>plump</i>;
probably of imitative origin.  Cf. <u>Plump</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>Well rounded or filled out; full; fleshy;
fat; as, a <i>plump</i> baby; <i>plump</i> cheeks.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The god of wine did his <i>plump</i> clusters
bring.</blockquote> <i>T. Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plump</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A knot; a cluster; a
group; a crowd; a flock; as, a <i>plump</i> of trees, fowls, or
spears.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To visit islands and the <i>plumps</i> of
men.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>plompen</i>, G.
<i>plumpen</i>, Sw. <i>plumpa</i>, Dan. <i>plumpe</i>. See
<u>Plump</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grow
plump; to swell out; as, her cheeks have <i>plumped</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drop or fall suddenly or heavily, all at
once.</def>"Dulcissa <i>plumps</i> into a chair."
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To <u>give</u> a plumper. See
<u>Plumper</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plump</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plumped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plumping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make plump; to fill (out)
or support; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>plump</i> up the hollowness of their history with
improbable miracles.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cast or let drop all at once, suddenly
and heavily; as, to <i>plump</i> a stone into water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give (a vote), as a plumper. See
<u>Plumper</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plump</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>plomp</i>,
interj., G. <i>plump</i>, <i>plumps</i>.  Cf. <u>Plump</u>, <pos><i>a.
& v.</i></pos>] <def>Directly; suddenly; perpendicularly.</def> "Fall
<i>plump</i>."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plump"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, plumps or swells out something else;
hence, something carried in the mouth to distend the cheeks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(English Elections)</i> <def>A vote given to
one candidate only, when two or more are to be elected, thus giving
him the advantage over the others. A person who gives his vote thus is
said to <i>plump</i>, or to <i>plump</i> his vote.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A voter who plumps his vote.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A downright, unqualified lie.</def>
[Colloq. or Low]</p>

<p><hw>Plump"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Fully; roundly;
plainly; without reserve.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Plump"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being plump.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plump"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Plump; fat;
sleek.</def> "<i>Plumpy</i> Bacchus."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Plu"mu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Plumule</b></plw> (#), E.<plw><b>-las</b></plw> (#). [L. See
<u>Plumule</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plumule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A down
feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`mu*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Downy; bearing down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"mu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Relating to a plumule.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plu`mu*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Plumularl&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Plumularias</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
hydroid belonging to <i>Plumularia</i> and other genera of the family
<i>Plumularid&aelig;</i>. They generally grow in plumelike
forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`mu*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any Plumularia. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"mule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>plumula</i>,
dim. of <i>pluma</i> a feather; cf. F. <i>plumule</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The first bud, or gemmule, of a
young plant; the bud, or growing point, of the embryo, above the
cotyledons. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Radicle</u>.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
down feather.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The aftershaft of a
feather. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Feather</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the featherlike scales of certain male
butterflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"mu*lose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having hairs
branching out laterally, like the parts of a feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plum"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered or adorned
with plumes, or as with plumes; feathery.</def> "His <i>plumy</i>
crest." <i>Addison.</i> "The <i>plumy</i> trees."  <i>J. S.
Blackie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plun"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plundered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plundering</u>.] [G. <i>pl&uuml;ndern</i> to plunder,
<i>plunder</i> frippery, baggage.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take the
goods of by force, or without right; to pillage; to spoil; to sack; to
strip; to rob; as, to <i>plunder</i> travelers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nebuchadnezzar <i>plunders</i> the temple of
God.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take by pillage; to appropriate
forcibly; as, the enemy <i>plundered</i> all the goods they
found.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To pillage; despoil; sack; rifle; strip; rob.</p>

<p><hw>Plun"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of plundering or pillaging; robbery. See <i>Syn.</i> of
<u>Pillage</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inroads and <i>plunders</i> of the
Saracens.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is taken by open force from an
enemy; pillage; spoil; booty; also, that which is taken by theft or
fraud.</def> "He shared in the <i>plunder</i>."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Personal property and effects; baggage or
luggage.</def> [Slang, Southwestern U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Plun"der*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mar. Law)</i>
<def>The embezzlement of goods on shipboard.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plun"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
plunders or pillages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plunge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plunged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plunging</u> (?).] [OE. <i>ploungen</i>, OF. <i>plongier</i>, F.
<i>plonger</i>, fr. (assumed) LL. <i>plumbicare</i>, fr. L.
<i>plumbum</i> lead. See <u>Plumb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
thrust into water, or into any substance that is penetrable; to
immerse; to cause to penetrate or enter quickly and forcibly; to
thrust; as, to <i>plunge</i> the body into water; to <i>plunge</i> a
dagger into the breast.  Also used figuratively; as, to <i>plunge</i>
a nation into war.</def> "To <i>plunge</i> the boy in pleasing sleep."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bound and <i>plunged</i> him into a cell.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall be <i>plunged</i> into perpetual
errors.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To baptize by immersion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To entangle; to embarrass; to
overcome.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Plunged</i> and graveled with three lines of
Seneca.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plunge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
thrust or cast one's self into water or other fluid; to submerge one's
self; to dive, or to rush in; as, he <i>plunged</i> into the river.
Also used figuratively; as, to <i>plunge</i> into debt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forced to <i>plunge</i> naked in the raging
sea.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>plunge</i> into guilt of a murther.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pitch or throw one's self headlong or
violently forward, as a horse does.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some wild colt, which . . . flings and
<i>plunges</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bet heavily and with seeming
recklessness on a race, or other contest; in an extended sense, to
risk large sums in hazardous speculations.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><col><b>Plunging fire</b></col> <i>(Gun.)</i>, <cd>firing directed
upon an enemy from an elevated position.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plunge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of thrusting into or submerging; a dive, leap, rush, or pitch
into, or as into, water; as, to take the water with a
<i>plunge</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a desperate hazard or act; a state
of being submerged or overwhelmed with difficulties.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She was brought to that <i>plunge</i>, to conceal her
husband's murder or accuse her son.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And with thou not reach out a friendly arm,<BR>
To raise me from amidst this <i>plunge</i> of sorrows?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of pitching or throwing one's self
headlong or violently forward, like an unruly horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Heavy and reckless betting in horse racing;
hazardous speculation.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><col><b>Plunge bath</b></col>, <cd>an immersion by plunging; also,
a large bath in which the bather can wholly immerse himself.</cd> --
<col><b>Plunge</b></col>, or <col><b>plunging</b></col>,
<col><b>battery</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a voltaic battery so
arranged that the plates can be plunged into, or withdrawn from, the
exciting liquid at pleasure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plun"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, plunges; a diver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A long solid cylinder, used, instead of a
piston or bucket, as a forcer in pumps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who bets heavily and recklessly on a
race; a reckless speculator.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Pottery)</i> <def>A boiler in which clay is
beaten by a wheel to a creamy consistence.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>The firing pin of a
breechloader.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plunger bucket</b></col>, <cd>a piston, without a valve, in
a pump.</cd> -- <col><b>Plunger pole</b></col>, <cd>the pump rod of a
pumping engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Plunger pump</b></col>, <cd>a pump, as
for water, having a plunger, instead of a piston, to act upon the
water. It may be single-acting or double-acting</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plun"ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of blue
color; also, anciently, a kind of cloth, generally blue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"per`fect</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>plus</i>
more + <i>perfectus</i> perfect; cf. F. <i>plus-que-parfait</i>, L.
<i>plusquamperfectum</i>.] <def>More than perfect; past perfect; --
said of the tense which denotes that an action or event was completed
at or before the time of another past action or event.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The pluperfect tense; also, a verb in the
pluperfect tense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pluralis</i>,
from <i>plus</i>, <i>pluris</i>, more; cf. F. <i>pluriel</i>, OF.
<i>plurel</i>. See <u>Plus</u>.] <def>Relating to, or containing, more
than one; designating two or more; as, a <i>plural</i> word.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Plural</i> faith, which is too much by
one.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Plural number</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>the number
which designates more than one. See <u>Number</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plu"ral</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The
plural number; that form of a word which expresses or denotes more
than one; a word in the plural form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"ral*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being plural, or in the plural
number.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The state of a pluralist;
the holding of more than one ecclesiastical living at a time.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Plu"ral*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A
clerk or clergyman who holds more than one ecclesiastical
benefice.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of the parochial clergy, a large proportion were
<i>pluralists</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plu*ral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>pluralities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>pluralitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>pluralit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being
plural, or consisting of more than one; a number consisting of two or
more of the same kind; as, a <i>plurality</i> of worlds; the
<i>plurality</i> of a verb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The greater number; a majority; also, the
greatest of several numbers; in elections, the excess of the votes
given for one candidate over those given for another, or for any
other, candidate. When there are more than two candidates, the one who
receives the <i>plurality</i> of votes may have less than a majority.
See <u>Majority</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take the <i>plurality</i> of the world, and they are
neither wise nor good.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>See <i>Plurality of
benefices</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plurality of benefices</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the
possession by one clergyman of more than one benefice or living. Each
benefice thus held is called a <i>plurality</i>.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><! p. 1103  !></p>

<p><hw>Plu`ral*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of pluralizing.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plu"ral*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pluralized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Pluralizing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
plural by using the plural termination; to attribute plurality to; to
express in the plural form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To multiply; to make manifold.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Plu"ral*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take a plural; to assume a plural form; as, a noun
<i>pluralizes</i>.</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To hold more than one
benefice at the same time.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Plu"ral*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>A pluralist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Plu"ral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a plural manner
or sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"ri-</hw> (?). [See <u>Plus</u>.] <def>A combining form from
L. <i>plus</i>, <i>pluris</i>, more, many; as
<i>pluri</i>literal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plu"ri*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from L.
<i>pluries</i> many times, often, which occurs in the first clause.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ issued in the third place, after two former
writs have been disregarded.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plu`ri*fa"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>plurifarius</i>, fr. L. <i>plus</i>, <i>pluris</i>, many.  Cf.
<u>Bifarious</u>.] <def>Of many kinds or fashions;
multifarious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`ri*fo"li*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pluri-
</i> + <i>foliolate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having several or many
leaflets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`ri*lit"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pluri-</i>
+ <i>literal</i>.] <def>Consisting of more letters than three.</def> -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pluriliteral word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`ri*loc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pluri-</i>
+ <i>locular</i>.] <def>Having several cells or loculi</def>;
specifically <i>(Bot.)</i>, <def>having several divisions containing
seeds; as, the lemon and the orange are <i>plurilocular</i>
fruits.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plurilocular sporangia</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>many-
celled sporangia, each cell containing a single spore, as in many
alg&aelig;.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plu*rip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pluri-</i> +
L. <i>parere</i> to bring forth.] <def>Producing several young at a
birth; as, a <i>pluriparous</i> animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`ri*par"tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pluri-</i> +
<i>partite</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Deeply divided into several
portions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`ri*pres"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pluri-</i>
+ <i>presence</i>.] <def>Presence in more places than one.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plu"ri*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>plus</i>,
<i>pluris</i>, more.] <def>Superabundance; excess; plethora.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plus</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., more; akin to Gr. &?;,
&?;, and E. <i>full</i>. See <u>Full</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Pi&ugrave;</u>, <u>Pleonasm</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>More, required to be added;
positive, as distinguished from negative; -- opposed to
<i>minus</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, in a literary sense, additional;
real; actual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Success goes invariably with a certain <i>plus</i> or
positive power.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Plus sign</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the sign (+) which
denotes addition, or a positive quantity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plush</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pluche</i>,
<i>peluche</i> (cf. It. <i>peluzzo</i>), fr. L. <i>pilus</i> hair. See
<u>pile</u> hair, and cf. <u>Peruke</u>.] <def>A textile fabric with a
nap or shag on one side, longer and softer than the nap of
velvet.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plush"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like plush; soft
and shaggy.</def>  <i>H. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plu"tar*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wealth +
<i>-archy</i>.] <def>Plutocracy; the rule of wealth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Plu"te*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a pluteus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plu"te*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Plutei</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Pluteuses</b></plw> (#). [L.,
a shed.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The free-swimming larva of sea
urchins and ophiurans, having several long stiff processes inclosing
calcareous rods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The son of Saturn and Rhea, brother of
Jupiter and Neptune; the dark and gloomy god of the Lower
World.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pluto monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a long-
tailed African monkey (<i>Cercopithecus pluto</i>), having side
whiskers. The general color is black, more or less grizzled; the
frontal band is white.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plu*toc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
wealth + &?; to be strong, to rule, fr.&?; strength: cf. F.
<i>plutocratie</i>.] <def>A form of government in which the supreme
power is lodged in the hands of the wealthy classes; government by the
rich; also, a controlling or influential class of rich men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"to*crat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
wealth gives him power or influence; one of the plutocracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`to*crat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to plutocracy; as, <i>plutocratic</i> ideas.</def>
<i>Bagehot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plu*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wealth +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats of wealth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu*to"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Plutonius</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>plutonien</i>.]
<def>Plutonic.</def>  <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plu*to"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A Plutonist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>plutonique</i>. See <u>Pluto</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to Pluto; Plutonian; hence, pertaining to the interior of
the earth; subterranean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, the
system of the Plutonists; igneous; as, the <i>Plutonic</i>
theory.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Plutonic action</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the influence
of volcanic heat and other subterranean forces under pressure.</cd> --
<col><b>Plutonic rocks</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>granite,
porphyry, and some other igneous rocks, supposed to have consolidated
from a melted state at a great depth from the surface.  Cf.
<i>Intrusive rocks</i>, under <u>Intrusive</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Plutonic theory</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Plutonism</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plu"to*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>plutonisme</i>.] <def>The theory, early advanced in geology, that
the successive rocks of the earth\'b6s crust were formed by igneous
fusion; -- opposed to the <i>Neptunian theory</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"to*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>plutoniste</i>.] <def>One who adopts the geological theory of
igneous fusion; a Plutonian. See <u>Plutonism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The son of Jason and Ceres, and the god of
wealth. He was represented as bearing a cornucopia, and as blind,
because his gifts were bestowed without discrimination of
merit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"vi*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pluvialis</i>, fr.
<i>pluvia</i> rain: cf. F. <i>pluvial</i>. See <u>Plover</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to rain; rainy.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Produced by the action of
rain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"vi*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>pluviale</i> a
garment which keeps off the rain: cf. F. <i>pluvial</i>.] <def>A
priest's cope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`vi*am"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pluviometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`vi*a*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pluviometrical</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The crocodile bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`vi*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pluvia</i> rain + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>pluviom&egrave;tre</i>.]
<def>An instrument for ascertaining the amount of rainfall at any
place in a given time; a rain gauge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`vi*o*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pluviom&eacute;trique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a pluviometer;
determined by a pluviometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plu`vi`&ocirc;se"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Pluvious</u>.] <def>The fifth month of the French republican
calendar adopted in 1793. It began January 20, and ended February 18.
See <u>Vend&eacute;miaire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"vi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pluviosus</i>,
<i>pluvius</i>, fr. <i>pluvia</i> rain: cf. F. <i>pluvieux</i>. See
<u>Pluvial</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Abounding in rain; rainy;
pluvial.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ply</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plying</u> (?).] [OE. <i>plien</i>, F. <i>plier</i> to fold, to
bend, fr. L. <i>plicare</i>; akin to Gr. &?;, G. <i>flechten</i>.  Cf.
<u>Apply</u>, <u>Complex</u>, <u>Display</u>, <u>Duplicity</u>,
<u>Employ</u>, <u>Exploit</u>, <u>Implicate</u>, <u>Plait</u>,
<u>Pliant</u>, <u>Flax</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bend.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As men may warm wax with handes
<i>plie</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay on closely, or in folds; to work
upon steadily, or with repeated acts; to press upon; to urge
importunately; as, to <i>ply</i> one with questions, with
solicitations, or with drink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>plies</i> him with redoubled
strokes</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>plies</i> the duke at morning and at
night.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To employ diligently; to use
steadily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go <i>ply</i> thy needle; meddle not.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To practice or perform with diligence; to
work at.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their bloody task, unwearied, still they
<i>ply</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ply</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bend; to yield.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It would rather burst atwo than
<i>plye</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The willow <i>plied</i>, and gave way to the
gust.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act, go, or work diligently and
steadily; especially, to do something by repeated actions; to go back
and forth; as, a steamer <i>plies</i> between certain ports.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere half these authors be read (which will soon be with
<i>plying</i> hard and daily).</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was forced to <i>ply</i> in the streets as a
porter.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The heavy hammers and mallets
<i>plied</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To work to windward; to
beat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ply</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pli</i>, fr.
<i>plier</i>. See <u>Ply</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fold; a plait; a turn or twist, as of a cord.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bent; turn; direction; bias.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The late learners can not so well take the
<i>ply</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Boswell, and others of Goldsmith's contemporaries, . .
. did not understand the secret <i>plies</i> of his
character.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The czar's mind had taken a strange <i>ply</i>, which
it retained to the last.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ply</i> is used in composition to designate folds, or the
number of webs interwoven; as, a three-<i>ply</i> carpet.</p>

<p><hw>Ply"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, plies</def>; specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<def>A kind of balance used in raising and letting down a drawbridge.
It consists of timbers joined in the form of a St. Andrew's
cross.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>See
<u>Pliers</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plyght</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Plight</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plym"outh Breth"ren</hw> (?). <def>The members of a religious
sect which first appeared at Plymouth, England, about 1830. They
protest against sectarianism, and reject all official ministry or
clergy. Also called <i>Brethren</i>, <i>Christian Brethren</i>,
<i>Plymouthists</i>, etc. The <i>Darbyites</i> are a division of the
Brethren.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pne*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to breathe
+ <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A spirometer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pneu*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pneu*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pneumaticus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, &?;,
wind, air, &?; to blow, breathe; cf. OHG. <i>fnehan</i>: cf. F.
<i>pneumatique</i>.  Cf. <u>Pneumonia</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of, or resembling, air; having the properties of an
elastic fluid; gaseous; opposed to <i>dense</i> or
<i>solid</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pneumatical</i> substance being, in some bodies,
the native spirit of the body.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to air, or to elastic
fluids or their properties; pertaining to pneumatics; as,
<i>pneumatic</i> experiments.</def> "<i>Pneumatical</i> discoveries."
<i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Moved or worked by pressure or flow of air;
as, a <i>pneumatic</i> instrument; a <i>pneumatic</i>
engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Fitted to contain air;
Having cavities filled with air; as, <i>pneumatic</i> cells;
<i>pneumatic</i> bones.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pneumatic action</b></col>, or <col><b>Pneumatic
lever</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a contrivance for overcoming the
resistance of the keys and other movable parts in an organ, by causing
compressed air from the wind chest to move them.</cd> --
<col><b>Pneumatic dispatch</b></col>, <cd>a system of tubes, leading
to various points, through which letters, packages, etc., are sent, by
the flow and pressure of air.</cd> -- <col><b>Pneumatic
elevator</b></col>, <cd>a hoisting machine worked by compressed
air.</cd> -- <col><b>Pneumatic pile</b></col>, <cd>a tubular pile or
cylinder of large diameter sunk by atmospheric pressure.</cd> --
<col><b>Pneumatic pump</b></col>, <cd>an air-exhausting or forcing
pump.</cd> -- <col><b>Pneumatic railway</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Atmospheric railway</i>, under <u>Atmospheric</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pneumatic syringe</b></col>, <cd>a stout tube closed at one
end, and provided with a piston, for showing that the heat produced by
compressing a gas will ignite substances.</cd> -- <col><b>Pneumatic
trough</b></col>, <cd>a trough, generally made of wood or sheet metal,
having a perforated shelf, and used, when filled with water or
mercury, for collecting gases in chemical operations.</cd> --
<col><b>Pneumatic tube</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Pneumatic dispatch</i>,
above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`ma*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The state of being pneumatic, or of having a cavity or cavities
filled with air; as, the <i>pneumaticity</i> of the bones of
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pneumatique</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That branch of science which treats of the
mechanical properties of air and other elastic fluids, as of their
weight, pressure, elasticity, etc. See <u>Mechanics</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos. &amp; Theol.)</i> <def>The scientific
study or knowledge of spiritual beings and their relations to God,
angels, and men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu"ma*to-</hw> (n&umacr;"m&adot;*t&osl;- <i>or</i>
n&usl;*m&abreve;t"&osl;-). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>pney^ma</grk>, <grk>pney`matos</grk>, <i>wind</i>, <i>air</i>,
<i>breath</i>, <i>respiration</i>; as, <i>pneumato</i>graph,
<i>pneumato</i>logy.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mat"o*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pneumato-
</i> + Gr. &?; a tumor; cf. F. <i>pneumatoc&egrave;le</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A distention of the scrotum by air; also, hernia of
the lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mat"o*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pneumato-
</i> + <i>cyst</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cyst or sac of a
siphonophore, containing air, and serving as a float, as in
Physalia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mat"o*garm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pneumato-
</i> + <i>-gram</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A tracing of the
respiratory movements, obtained by a pneumatograph or
stethograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mat"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pneumato-
</i> + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for
recording the movements of the thorax or chest wall during
respiration; -- also called <i>stethograph</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`ma*to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pneumatologique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
pneumatology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`ma*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pneumatologiste</i>.] <def>One versed in pneumatology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`ma*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pneumato-
</i> + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>pneumatologie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The doctrine of, or a treatise on, air and other elastic fluids.
See <u>Pneumatics</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos. &amp; Theol.)</i> <def>The science of
spiritual being or phenomena of any description.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`ma*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pneumato-
</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for
measuring the amount of force exerted by the lungs in
respiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`ma*tom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spirometry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mat"o*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pneumato-
</i> + Gr. &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Pneumonophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`ma*to*tho"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pneumato-
</i> + <i>thorax</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Pneumothorax</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu"mo-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>pney`mwn</grk>, <grk>pney`monos</grk>, <i>a lung</i>; as,
<i>pneumo</i>gastric, <i>pneumo</i>logy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`mo*coc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pneumo-
</u>, and <u>Coccus</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A form of micrococcus
found in the sputum (and elsewhere) of persons suffering with
pneumonia, and thought to be the cause of this disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`mo*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pneumo-</i>
+ <i>gastric</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the lungs
and the stomach.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The pneumogastric
nerve.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pneumogastric nerve</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of
the tenth pair of cranial nerves which are distributed to the pharynx,
esophagus, larynx, lungs, heart, stomach, liver, and spleen, and, in
fishes and many amphibia, to the branchial apparatus and also to the
sides of the body.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pneu"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pneumatograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pneumo-</i>
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of the lungs.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pneumo-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The science which treats of the
lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pneumo-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A spirometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Measurement
of the capacity of the lungs for air.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mo"ni*a</hw> (n&usl;*m&omacr;"n&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>pneymoni`a</grk>, fr.
<grk>pney`mwn</grk>, pl. <grk>pney`mones</grk> the lungs, also,
<grk>pley`mwn</grk>, which is perh. the original form.  Cf.
<u>Pneumatio</u>, <u>Pulmonary</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation
of the lungs.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <col><b>Catarrhal pneumonia</b></col>, or <col><b>Broncho-
pneumonia</b></col>, is inflammation of the lung tissue, associated
with catarrh and with marked evidences of inflammation of bronchial
membranes, often chronic; -- also called <i>lobular pneumonia</i>,
from its affecting single lobules at a time. -- <col><b>Croupous
pneumonia</b></col>, or ordinary pneumonia, is an acute affection
characterized by sudden onset with a chill, high fever, rapid course,
and sudden decline; -- also called <i>lobar pneumonia</i>, from its
affecting a whole lobe of the lung at once. See under <u>Croupous</u>.
-- <col><b>Fibroid pneumonia</b></col> is an inflammation of the
interstitial connective tissue lying between the lobules of the lungs,
and is very slow in its course, producing shrinking and atrophy of the
lungs.</p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>pneumonique</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the
lungs; pulmonic.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to
pneumonia; as, <i>pneumonic</i> symptoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mon"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine for affections of the lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`mo*nit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to pneumonitis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pneu`mo*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pneumo-</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the lungs; pneumonia.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1104  !></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`mo*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pneumo-</u>, and <u>-meter</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A
spirometer; a pneumometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pneu`mo*noph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; a lung + &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
division of Siphonophora which includes the Physalia and allied
genera; -- called also <i>Pneumatophor&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu"mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pneumonie</i>.] <def>See <u>Pneumonia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pneu`mo*&ouml;t"o*ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Pneumo-</u>, and <u>O&ouml;ticoid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sauropsida</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pneu*moph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pneumonophora</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of holothurians having an internal gill, or respiratory
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`mo*skel"e*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pneumo-
</i> + <i>skeleton</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A chitinous
structure which supports the gill in some invertebrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`mo*ther"a*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; air +
<i>therapy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The treatment of disease by
inhalations of compressed or rarefied air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu`mo*tho"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; air +
E. <i>thorax</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition in which air or
other gas is present in the cavity of the chest; -- called also
<i>pneumatothorax</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pni*ga"li*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
nightmare, fr. &?; to throttle.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Nightmare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pnyx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>The place at Athens where the meetings of the people
were held for making decrees, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; grass.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of grasses, including a great number of
species, as the kinds called <i>meadow grass</i>, <i>Kentucky blue
grass</i>, <i>June grass</i>, and <i>spear grass</i> (which
see).</def></p>

<p><hw>Poach</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Poached</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Poaching</u>.] [F. <i>pocher</i> to place in a pocket, to poach
eggs (the yolk of the egg being as it were <i>pouched</i> in the
white), from <i>poche</i> pocket, pouch. See <u>Pouch</u>, <pos><i>v.
& n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cook, as eggs, by breaking
them into boiling water; also, to cook with butter after breaking in a
vessel.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rob of game; to pocket and convey away
by stealth, as game; hence, to plunder.</def>  <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poach</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To steal or pocket
game, or to carry it away privately, as in a bag; to kill or destroy
game contrary to law, especially by night; to hunt or fish unlawfully;
as, to <i>poach</i> for rabbits or for salmon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poach</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>pocher</i> to
thrust or dig out with the fingers, to bruise (the eyes), F.
<i>pouce</i> thumb, L. <i>pollex</i>, and also E. <i>poach</i> to cook
eggs, to plunder, and <i>poke</i> to thrust against.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stab; to pierce; to spear, \as fish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To force, drive, or plunge into
anything.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His horse <i>poching</i> one of his legs into some
hollow ground.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make soft or muddy by trampling</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To begin and not complete.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poach</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become soft or
muddy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chalky and clay lands . . . chap in summer, and
<i>poach</i> in winter.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poach"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Poach</u> to
stab.] [Written also <i>pocard</i>, <i>pochard</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A common European duck
(<i>Aythya ferina</i>); -- called also <i>goldhead</i>, <i>poker</i>,
and <i>fresh-water, or red-headed</i>, <i>widgeon</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The American redhead, which is closely allied
to the European poachard.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Red-crested poachard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
Old World duck (<i>Branta rufina</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Scaup
poachard</b></col>, <cd>the scaup duck.</cd> -- <col><b>Tufted
poachard</b></col>, <cd>a scaup duck (<i>Aythya, or Fuligula
cristata</i>), native of Europe and Asia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Poach"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who poaches; one who kills or catches game or fish contrary
to law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American
widgeon.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sea poacher</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
lyrie.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Poach"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being poachy; marshiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poach"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Poach</u> to
stab.] <def>Wet and soft; easily penetrated by the feet of cattle; --
said of land</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Poak</hw>, <hw>Poake</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Waste matter from the preparation of skins, consisting of hair,
lime, oil, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
poke (<i>Phytolacca decandra</i>); -- called also <i>pocan
bush</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"chard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Poachard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pokke</i>, AS.
<i>pocc</i>, <i>poc</i>; akin to D. <i>pok</i>, G. <i>pocke</i>, and
perh. to E. <i>poke</i> a pocket.  Cf. <u>Pox</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A pustule raised on the surface of the body in variolous and
vaccine diseases.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of <i>pokkes</i> and of scab every sore.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pock"arred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pockmarked</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pock"-bro`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Broken out,
or marked, with smallpox; pock-fretten.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pock"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>poket</i>, Prov.
F. &amp; OF. <i>poquette</i>, F. <i>pochette</i>, dim. fr. <i>poque</i>,
<i>pouque</i>, F. <i>poche</i>; probably of Teutonic origin. See
<u>Poke</u> a pocket, and cf. <u>Poach</u> to cook eggs, to plunder,
and <u>Pouch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bag or pouch; especially;
a small bag inserted in a garment for carrying small articles,
particularly money; hence, figuratively, money; wealth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of several bags attached to a billiard
table, into which the balls are driven.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A large bag or sack used in packing various
articles, as ginger, hops, cowries, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the wool or hop trade, the <i>pocket</i> contains half a
sack, or about 168 Ibs.; but it is a variable quantity, the articles
being sold by actual weight.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A hole or space covered by a
movable piece of board, as in a floor, boxing, partitions, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
cavity in a rock containing a nugget of gold, or other mineral; a
small body of ore contained in such a cavity.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A hole containing water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Nat.)</i> <def>A strip of canvas, sewn upon
a sail so that a batten or a light spar can placed in the
interspace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Pouch</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Pocket</i> is often used adjectively, or in the formation
of compound words usually of obvious signification; as, <i>pocket</i>
comb, <i>pocket</i> compass, <i>pocket</i> edition, <i>pocket</i>
handkerchief, <i>pocket</i> money, <i>pocket</i> picking, or
<i>pocket</i>-picking, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Out of pocket</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Out</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Pocket borough</b></col>,
<cd>a borough "owned" by some person.</cd> See under <u>Borough</u>.
[Eng.] -- <col><b>Pocket gopher</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
one of several species of American rodents of the genera
<i>Geomys</i>, and <i>Thomomys</i>, family <i>Geomyd&aelig;</i>. They
have large external cheek pouches, and are fossorial in their habits.
they inhabit North America, from the Mississippi Valley west to the
Pacific. Called also <i>pouched gopher</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pocket
mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of American mice
of the family <i>Saccomyid&aelig;</i>. They have external cheek
pouches. Some of them are adapted for leaping (genus
<i>Dipadomys</i>), and are called <i>kangaroo mice</i>. They are
native of the Southwestern United States, Mexico, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Pocket piece</b></col>, <cd>a piece of money kept in the
pocket and not spent.</cd> -- <col><b>Pocket pistol</b></col>, <cd>a
pistol to be carried in the pocket.</cd> -- <col><b>Pocket
sheriff</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a sheriff appointed by the
sole authority of the crown, without a nomination by the judges in the
exchequer.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Pock"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pocketed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pocketing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put, or conceal, in the
pocket; as, to <i>pocket</i> the change.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would <i>pocket</i> the expense of the
license.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take clandestinely or
fraudulently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>pocketed</i> pay in the names of men who had long
been dead.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To pocket a ball</b></col> <i>(Billiards)</i>, <cd>to drive
a ball into a pocket of the table.</cd> -- <col><b>To pocket an
insult</b></col>, <col><b>affront</b></col>, etc., <cd>to receive an
affront without open resentment, or without seeking redress.</cd> "I
must <i>pocket</i> up these <i>wrongs</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pock"et*book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small book
or case for carrying papers, money, etc., in the pocket; also, a
notebook for the pocket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pock"et*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pocketfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a pocket will
hold; enough to fill a pocket; as, <i>pocketfuls</i> of
chestnuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pock"et*knife`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-knives</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A knife with one or more blades,
which fold into the handle so as to admit of being carried in the
pocket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pock"-fret`ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pockmarked</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pock"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being pocky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pock"mark</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mark or pit
made by smallpox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pock"marked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked by
smallpox; pitted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pock"-pit`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pockmarked;
pitted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pock"-pud`ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bag
pudding; a name of reproach or ridicule formerly applied by the Scotch
to the English.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pock"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because
formerly used as a specific for the pock.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Lignum-
vit&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pock"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Pockier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Pockiest</u>.] <def>Full of pocks;
affected with smallpox or other eruptive disease.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Po"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A little; -- used chiefly in phrases indicating the time or
movement; as, <i>poco</i> pi&ugrave; allegro, a little faster;
<i>poco</i> largo, rather slow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Poco a poco</b></col> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>Little by
little; as, <i>poco a poco</i> crescendo, gradually increasing in
loudness.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Po"cock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Peacock.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po`co*cu*ran"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>poco
curante</i> caring little.] <def>A careless person; a trifler.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Po`co*cu*ran"tism</hw> (?). <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Carelessness; apathy; indifference.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*co"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Low, wooded
grounds or swamps in Eastern Maryland and Virginia.</def> [Written
also <i>poquoson</i>.]  <i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poc"u*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>poculentus</i>, fr. <i>poculum</i> a cup.] <def>Fit for
drink.</def> [Obs.] "Some those herbs which are not esculent, are . .
. <i>poculent</i>."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poc"u*li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>poculum</i>
a cup + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>poculiforme</i>.] <def>Having the
shape of a goblet or drinking cup.</def></p>

<p><hw>-pod</hw> (?). [See <u>Foot</u>.] <def>A combining form or
suffix from Gr. <grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, <i>foot</i>; as,
deca<i>pod</i>, an animal having ten feet; phyllo<i>pod</i>, an animal
having leaflike feet; myria<i>pod</i>, hexa<i>pod</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably akin to
<i>pudding</i>, and perhaps the same word as <i>pad</i> a cushion; cf.
also Dan. <i>pude</i> pillow, cushion, and also E. <i>cod</i> a husk,
pod.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bag; a pouch.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A capsule of plant,
especially a legume; a dry dehiscent fruit. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Angiospermous</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A considerable number
of animals closely clustered together; -- said of seals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pod auger</b></col>, or <col><b>pod bit</b></col>, <cd>an
auger or bit the channel of which is straight instead of
twisted.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pod</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Podded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Podding</u>.] <def>To swell; to fill; also, to produce
pods.</def></p>

<p><hw>-po*da</hw> (?). <def>A New Latin plural combining form or
suffix from Gr. &?;, &?;, <i>foot</i>; as, hexa<i>poda</i>,
myria<i>poda</i>. See <u>-pod</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod"a*gra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Podagric</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Gout in the joints of the foot; -
- applied also to gout in other parts of body.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Po*dag"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Po*dag"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>podagricus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; gout in
the feet; &?;, &?;, Foot + &?; a catching.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the gout; gouty; caused by
gout.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Afflicted with gout.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pod"a*grous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Gouty;
podagric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*dal"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;, foot + &?; pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>pain in the foot, due to
gout, rheumatism, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po*dar"thrum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Podarthra</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, foot + &?;
joint.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The foot joint; in birds, the joint
between the metatarsus and the toes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod"ded</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
pods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who collects
pods or pulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*des"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>podest&agrave;</i>, fr. L. <i>potestas</i> power, magistracy. See
<u>Potent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the chief magistrates of the Italian
republics in the Middle Ages.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mayor, alderman, or other magistrate, in
some towns of Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po*de"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Podetia</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Podetiums</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A stalk which bears
the fructification in some lichens, as in the so-called reindeer
moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Podge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>patsche</i>
puddle, mire.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A puddle; a plash.</def>
<i>Skinner.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Porridge.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Podg"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fat and short;
pudgy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>podex</i>,
<i>podicis</i>, the anus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Anal; -- applied
to certain organs of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pod"i*ceps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>podex</i>, <i>podicis</i>, anus + <i>pes</i> foot.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Grebe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Podia</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, dim. of &?;, &?;, foot.
See <u>Pew</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A low wall,
serving as a foundation, a substructure, or a terrace wall.</def> It
is especially employed by arch&aelig;ologists in two senses:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The dwarf wall surrounding the arena of an
amphitheater, from the top of which the seats began.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The masonry under the stylobate of a temple,
sometimes a mere foundation, sometimes containing chambers.</def> See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Column</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A young coalfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod"o-</hw> (?). [See <u>Foot</u>.] <def>A combining form or
prefix from Gr. <grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, <i>foot</i>; as,
<i>podo</i>carp, <i>podo</i>cephalous, <i>podo</i>logy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod"o*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Podo-</u>,
and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
branchi&aelig; attached to the bases of the legs in
Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pod`o*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Podobranchi&aelig;</b></plw> (-&emacr;). [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Podobranch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod"o*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Podo-</i> + Gr.
<grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A stem, or footstalk,
supporting the fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod`o*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Podo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; head.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a head of flowers on a long
peduncle, or footstalk.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pod`o*gyn"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot + <grk>gynh`</grk> woman.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Basigynium</u></def></p>

<p><hw>||Pod`oph*thal"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Podophthalmic</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The stalk-eyed
Crustacea, -- an order of Crustacea having the eyes supported on
movable stalks. It includes the crabs, lobsters, and prawns. Called
also <i>Podophthalmata</i>, and <i>Decapoda</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pod`oph*thal"mic</hw> (?), <hw>Pod`oph*thal"mous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Podo-</i> + Gr. &?; an eye.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having the eyes on
movable footstalks, or pedicels.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Podophthalmia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod`oph*thal"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The eyestalk of a crustacean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod`o*phyl"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Podophyllum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A brown bitter gum extracted
from the rootstalk of the May apple (<i>Podophyllum peltatum</i>). It
is a complex mixture of several substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod`o*phyl"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having thin, flat,
leaflike locomotive organs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or composing,
the layer of tissue, made up of lamin&aelig;, beneath a horse's
hoof.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pod`o*phyl"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot + &?; leaf.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of herbs of the Barberry
family, having large palmately lobed peltate leaves and solitary
flower. There are two species, the American <i>Podohyllum
peltatum</i>, or May apple, the Himalayan <i>P. Emodi</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The rhizome and rootlet of
the May apple (<i>Podophyllum peltatum</i>), -- used as a cathartic
drug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod"o*scaph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Podo-</i> + Gr.
&?; boat.] <def>A canoe-shaped float attached to the foot, for walking
on water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pod"o*sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Podo-</i> + Gr.
&?; seed: cf. F. <i>podosperme</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The stalk of a
seed or ovule.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pod`o*stom"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot + &?;, &?;, mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of Bryozoa of which Rhabdopleura is
the type. See <u>Rhabdopleura</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pod`o*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Podothec&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>poy`s</grk>,
<grk>podo`s</grk>, foot + &?; case.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
scaly covering of the foot of a bird or reptile.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po*dri"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., rotten.]
<def>A miscellaneous dish of meats. See <u>Olla-podrida</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*du"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Podur&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Poduras</b></plw> (#).
[NL.; Gr. <grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot + &?; tail.]
<def>Any small leaping thysanurous insect of the genus <i>Podura</i>
and related genera; a springtail.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Podura scale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the
minute scales with which the body of a podura is covered. They are
used as test objects for the microscope.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1105  !></p>

<p><hw>Po*du"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of <i>Podura</i> or allied genera.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the poduras.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"e</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Poi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"e*bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The parson bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>P&oelig;"ci*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Poicile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>P&oelig;`ci*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>poiki`los</grk> many-colored, variegated.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Mottled with various colors; variegated;
spotted; -- said of certain rocks.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Specifically: Of or pertaining to, or characterizing, Triassic
and Permian sandstones of red and other colors.</def> [Also written
<i>poikilitic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>P&oelig;*cil"o*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>p&oelig;cilopode</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
P&oelig;cilopoda. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||P&oelig;`ci*lop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; variegated, manifold + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Originally, an artificial group including
many parasitic Entomostraca, together with the horseshoe crabs
(<i>Limuloidea</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>By some recent
writers applied to the Merostomata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"em</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>po&euml;ma</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to make, to compose, to write, especially in verse: cf.
F. <i>po&euml;me</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A metrical composition;
a composition in verse written in certain measures, whether in blank
verse or in rhyme, and characterized by imagination and poetic
diction; -- contradistinguished from <i>prose</i>; as, the
<i>poems</i> of Homer or of Milton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A composition, not in verse, of which the
language is highly imaginative or impassioned; as, a prose
<i>poem</i>; the <i>poems</i> of Ossian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po`em*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Pertaining to a poem, or to poetry; poetical.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*e"na*mu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
variety of jade or nephrite, -- used in New Zealand for the
manufacture of axes and weapons.</def></p>

<p><hw>P&oelig;*nol"o*gy</hw> (p&esl;*n&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Penology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po*eph"a*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>pohfa`gos</grk> grass eating; <grk>po`a</grk> grass +
<grk>fagei^n</grk> to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of
herbivorous marsupials including the kangaroos and their allies.</def>
-- <wf>Po*eph"a*gous</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Po"e*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>po&eacute;sie</i>
(cf. It. <i>poesia</i>), L. <i>poesis</i>, from Gr. &?;. from &?; to
make.  Cf. <u>Posy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of composing poems; poetical skill
or faculty; as, the heavenly gift of <i>poesy</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Poetry; metrical composition;
poems.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Music and <i>poesy</i> used to quicken
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A short conceit or motto engraved on a ring
or other thing; a posy.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>po&euml;te</i>, L.
<i>po&euml;ta</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to make.  Cf. <u>Poem</u>.]
<def>One skilled in making poetry; one who has a particular genius for
metrical composition; the author of a poem; an imaginative thinker or
writer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>poet's</i> eye, in a fine frenzy rolling,<BR>
Doth glance from heaven to earth, from earth to heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>poet</i> is a maker, as the word
signifies.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Poet laureate</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Laureate</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Po"et*as`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inferior
rhymer, or writer of verses; a dabbler in poetic art.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The talk of forgotten <i>poetasters</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"et*as`try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The works of a
poetaster.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Po"et*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>po&eacute;tesse</i>.] <def>A female poet.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Po*et"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Po*et"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>po&euml;ticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>po&eacute;tiquee</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
poetry; suitable for poetry, or for writing poetry; as, <i>poetic</i>
talent, theme, work, sentiments.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressed in metrical form; exhibiting the
imaginative or the rhythmical quality of poetry; as, a <i>poetical</i>
composition; <i>poetical</i> prose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Poetic license</b></col>. <cd>See <u>License</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Po*et"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a poetic
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*et"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>po&eacute;tique</i>, L. <i>po&euml;tica</i>, <i>po&euml;tice</i>,
Gr. &?; (sc. &?;.] <def>The principles and rules of the art of
poetry.</def>  <i>J. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*et"i*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
poetaster.</def>  <i>Swinburne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"et*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Poetized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Poetizing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>po&eacute;tiser</i>.] <def>To write as a
poet; to compose verse; to idealize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I versify the truth, not <i>poetize</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"et*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>poeterie</i>.
See <u>Poet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of apprehending and
interpreting ideas by the faculty of imagination; the art of
idealizing in thought and in expression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>poetry</i> is the blossom and the fragrance of
all human knowledge, human thoughts, human passions, emotions,
language.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Imaginative language or composition,
whether expressed rhythmically or in prose. Specifically: Metrical
composition; verse; rhyme; poems collectively; as, heroic
<i>poetry</i>; dramatic <i>poetry</i>; lyric or Pindaric
<i>poetry</i>.</def> "The planetlike music of <i>poetry</i>."  <i>Sir
P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She taketh most delight<BR>
In music, instruments, and <i>poetry</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"et*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
personality of a poet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pog"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>See <u>Porgy</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A small whale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The menhaden.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Pogy</i> is often confounded with <i>porgy</i>, and
therefore incorrectly applied to various fishes.</p>

<p><hw>Poh</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An exclamation
expressing contempt or disgust; bah !</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*ha"gen</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Pauhaugen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A national food of the
Hawaiians, made by baking and pounding the kalo (or taro) root, and
reducing it to a thin paste, which is allowed to ferment.</def></p>


<p>{ <hw>Poi"ci*le</hw> (?), or <hw>P&oelig;"ci*le</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; (sc. &?;); cf. L.
<i>poecile</i>.] <def>The frescoed porch or gallery in Athens where
Zeno taught.</def>  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poign"an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being poignant; as, the <i>poignancy</i> of satire; the
<i>poignancy</i> of grief.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poign"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. pr. of
<i>poindre</i> to sting, fr. L. <i>pungere</i> to prick, sting. See
<u>Pungent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pricking; piercing; sharp;
pungent.</def> "His <i>poignant</i> spear." <i>Spenser.</i>
"<i>Poynaunt</i> sauce." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Pointed; keen; satirical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His wit . . . became more lively and
<i>poignant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poign"ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a poignant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poi`ki*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>See <u>P&oelig;cilitic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poi"ki*lo*cyte</hw> (poi"k&ibreve;*l&osl;*s&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>poiki`los</grk> diversified, changeable
+ <grk>ky`tos</grk> hollow vessel.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An
irregular form of corpuscle found in the blood in cases of profound
an&aelig;mia, probably a degenerated red blood corpuscle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Poi`ki*lo*ther"mal</hw> (-th&etilde;r"m<i>a</i>l),
<hw>Poi`ki*lo*ther"mic</hw> (-th&etilde;r"m&ibreve;k), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>poiki`los</grk> changeable + E.
<i>thermal</i>, <i>thermic</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Having a
varying body temperature. See <u>Homoiothermal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poi`ki*lo*ther"mous</hw> (-m&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Poikilothermal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Poin`ci*a"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named after
M. de <i>Poinci</i>, a governor of the French West Indies.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A prickly tropical shrub (<i>C&aelig;salpinia,
formerly Poinciana, pulcherrima</i>), with bipinnate leaves, and
racemes of showy orange-red flowers with long crimson
filaments.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The genus <i>Poinciana</i> is kept up for three trees of
Eastern Africa, the Mascarene Islands, and India.</p>

<p><hw>Poind</hw> (poind), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Pound</u>
to confine.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To impound, as cattle.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Flavel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To distrain.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poind"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The keeper of a cattle pound; a pinder.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]  <i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who distrains property.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Poin*set"ti*a</hw> (poin*s&ebreve;t"t&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named after Joel R. <i>Poinsett</i> of South
Carolina.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Mexican shrub (<i>Euphorbia
pulcherrima</i>) with very large and conspicuous vermilion bracts
below the yellowish flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Point</hw> (point), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
appoint.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Point</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>point</i>, and probably
also <i>pointe</i>, L. <i>punctum</i>, <i>puncta</i>, fr.
<i>pungere</i>, <i>punctum</i>, to prick. See <u>Pungent</u>, and cf.
<u>Puncto</u>, <u>Puncture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
pricks or pierces; the sharp end of anything, esp. the sharp end of a
piercing instrument, as a needle or a pin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument which pricks or pierces, as a
sort of needle used by engravers, etchers, lace workers, and others;
also, a pointed cutting tool, as a stone cutter's <i>point</i>; --
called also <i>pointer</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything which tapers to a sharp, well-
defined termination. Specifically: A small promontory or cape; a tract
of land extending into the water beyond the common shore
line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The mark made by the end of a sharp,
piercing instrument, as a needle; a prick.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An indefinitely small space; a mere spot
indicated or supposed. Specifically: <i>(Geom.)</i> That which has
neither parts nor magnitude; that which has position, but has neither
length, breadth, nor thickness, -- sometimes conceived of as the limit
of a line; that by the motion of which a line is conceived to be
produced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An indivisible portion of time; a moment;
an instant; hence, the verge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When time's first <i>point</i> begun<BR>
Made he all souls.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A mark of punctuation; a character used to
mark the divisions of a composition, or the pauses to be observed in
reading, or to point off groups of figures, etc.; a stop, as a comma,
a semicolon, and esp. a period; hence, figuratively, an end, or
conclusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And there a <i>point</i>, for ended is my
tale.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Commas and <i>points</i> they set exactly
right.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Whatever serves to mark progress, rank, or
relative position, or to indicate a transition from one state or
position to another, degree; step; stage; hence, position or condition
attained; as, a <i>point</i> of elevation, or of depression; the stock
fell off five <i>points</i>; he won by ten<i>points</i>.</def> "A
<i>point</i> of precedence." <i>Selden.</i>  "Creeping on from
<i>point</i> to <i>point</i>." <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A lord full fat and in good <i>point</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>That which arrests attention, or indicates
qualities or character; a salient feature; a characteristic; a
peculiarity; hence, a particular; an item; a detail; as, the good or
bad <i>points</i> of a man, a horse, a book, a story, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He told him, <i>point</i> for <i>point</i>, in short
and plain.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>point</i> of religion and in <i>point</i> of
honor.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shalt thou dispute<BR>
With Him the <i>points</i> of liberty ?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the most prominent or important
feature, as of an argument, discourse, etc.; the essential matter;
esp., the proposition to be established; as, the <i>point</i> of an
anecdote.</def> "Here lies the <i>point</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They will hardly prove his <i>point</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A small matter; a trifle; a least
consideration; a punctilio.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This fellow doth not stand upon
<i>points</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] cared not for God or man a
<i>point</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A dot or mark used to
designate certain tones or time</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Anc. Mus.)</i> <def>A dot or mark distinguishing or characterizing
certain tones or styles; as, <i>points</i> of perfection, of
augmentation, etc.; hence, a note; a tune.</def>  "Sound the trumpet -
- not a levant, or a flourish, but a <i>point</i> of war." <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mod. Mus.)</i> <def>A dot placed at
the right hand of a note, to raise its value, or prolong its time, by
one half, as to make a whole note equal to three half notes, a half
note equal to three quarter notes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A fixed conventional
place for reference, or zero of reckoning, in the heavens, usually the
intersection of two or more great circles of the sphere, and named
specifically in each case according to the position intended; as, the
equinoctial <i>points</i>; the solstitial <i>points</i>; the nodal
<i>points</i>; vertical <i>points</i>, etc. See <u>Equinoctial
Nodal</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of the several different
parts of the escutcheon. See <u>Escutcheon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
the points of the compass (see <i>Points of the compass</i>, below);
also, the difference between two points of the compass; as, to fall
off a <i>point</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A short piece of
cordage used in reefing sails. See <i>Reef point</i>, under
<u>Reef</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Costume)</i> <def>A a string or lace
used to tie together certain parts of the dress.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>Lace wrought the needle; as, <i>point</i>
de Venise; Brussels <i>point</i>. See <i>Point lace</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Railways)</i> <def>A
switch.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <def>An item of private information; a hint; a
tip; a pointer.</def> [Cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>20.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A fielder who is
stationed on the off side, about twelve or fifteen yards from, and a
little in advance of, the batsman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>21.</b></sn> <def>The attitude assumed by a pointer dog when
he finds game; as, the dog came to a <i>point</i>. See
<u>Pointer</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>22.</b></sn> <i>(Type Making)</i> <def>A standard unit of
measure for the size of type bodies, being one twelfth of the
thickness of pica type. See <i>Point system of type</i>, under
<u>Type</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>23.</b></sn> <def>A tyne or snag of an antler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>24.</b></sn> <def>One of the spaces on a backgammon
board.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>25.</b></sn> <i>(Fencing)</i> <def>A movement executed with
the saber or foil; as, tierce <i>point</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>point</i> is a general term, much used in the
sciences, particularly in mathematics, mechanics, perspective, and
physics, but generally either in the geometrical sense, or in that of
degree, or condition of change, and with some accompanying descriptive
or qualifying term, under which, in the vocabulary, the specific uses
are explained; as, boiling <i>point</i>, carbon <i>point</i>, dry
<i>point</i>, freezing <i>point</i>, melting <i>point</i>, vanishing
<i>point</i>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>At all points</b></col>, <cd>in every particular,
completely; perfectly.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>At
point</b></col>, <col><b>In point</b></col>, <col><b>At</b></col>,
<col><b>In</b></col>, or On, <col><b>the point</b></col>, <cd>as near
as can be; on the verge; about (see <u>About</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos>, 6); as, <i>at the point</i> of death; he was
<i>on the point</i> of speaking.</cd>  "<i>In point</i> to fall down."
<i>Chaucer.</i> "Caius Sidius Geta, <i>at point</i> to have been
taken, recovered himself so valiantly as brought day on his side."
<i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>Dead point</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i>
<cd>Same as <i>Dead center</i>, under <u>Dead</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Far
point</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>in ophthalmology, the farthest
point at which objects are seen distinctly. In normal eyes the nearest
point at which objects are seen distinctly; either with the two eyes
together (<i>binocular near point</i>), or with each eye separately
(<i>monocular near point</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Nine points of the
law</b></col>, <cd>all but the tenth point; the greater weight of
authority.</cd> -- <col><b>On the point</b></col>. <cd>See <i>At
point</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Point lace</b></col>, <cd>lace
wrought with the needle, as distinguished from that made on the
pillow.</cd> -- <col><b>Point net</b></col>, <cd>a machine-made lace
imitating a kind of Brussels lace (Brussels ground).</cd> --
<col><b>Point of concurrence</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a point
common to two lines, but not a point of tangency or of intersection,
as, for instance, that in which a cycloid meets its base.</cd> --
<col><b>Point of contrary flexure</b></col>, <cd>a point at which a
curve changes its direction of curvature, or at which its convexity
and concavity change sides.</cd> -- <col><b>Point of order</b></col>,
<cd>in parliamentary practice, a question of order or propriety under
the rules.</cd> -- <col><b>Point of sight</b></col> <i>(Persp.)</i>,
<cd>in a perspective drawing, the point assumed as that occupied by
the eye of the spectator.</cd> -- <col><b>Point of view</b></col>,
<cd>the relative position from which anything is seen or any subject
is considered.</cd> -- <col><b>Points of the compass</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the thirty-two points of division of the compass
card in the mariner's compass; the corresponding points by which the
circle of the horizon is supposed to be divided, of which the four
marking the directions of east, west, north, and south, are called
<i>cardinal points</i>, and the rest are named from their respective
directions, as N. by E., N. N. E., N. E. by N., N. E., etc. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Compass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Point
paper</b></col>, <cd>paper pricked through so as to form a stencil for
transferring a design.</cd> -- <col><b>Point system of type</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Type</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Singular point</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a point of a curve which possesses some property
not possessed by points in general on the curve, as a cusp, a point of
inflection, a node, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To carry one's
point</b></col>, <cd>to accomplish one's object, as in a
controversy.</cd> -- <col><b>To make a point of</b></col>, <cd>to
attach special importance to.</cd> -- <col><b>To make</b></col>, or
<col><b>gain</b></col>, <col><b>a point</b></col>, <cd>accomplish that
which was proposed; also, to make advance by a step, grade, or
position.</cd> -- <col><b>To mark</b></col>, or
<col><b>score</b></col>, <col><b>a point</b></col>, <cd>as in
billiards, cricket, etc., to note down, or to make, a successful hit,
run, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To strain a point</b></col>, <cd>to go
beyond the proper limit or rule; to stretch one's authority or
conscience.</cd> -- <col><b>Vowel point</b></col>, <cd>in Hebrew, and
certain other Eastern and ancient languages, a mark placed above or
below the consonant, or attached to it, representing the vowel, or
vocal sound, which precedes or follows the consonant.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Point</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pointed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pointing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>pointer</i>. See <u>Point</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a point to; to
sharpen; to cut, forge, grind, or file to an acute end; as, to
<i>point</i> a dart, or a pencil. Used also figuratively; as, to
<i>point</i> a moral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To direct toward an abject; to aim; as, to
<i>point</i> a gun at a wolf, or a cannon at a fort.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to direct the attention or notice
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever should be guided through his battles by
Minerva, and <i>pointed</i> to every scene of them.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To supply with punctuation marks; to
punctuate; as, to <i>point</i> a composition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To mark (as Hebrew) with vowel
points.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To give particular prominence to; to
designate in a special manner; to indicate, as if by pointing; as, the
error was <i>pointed</i> out.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>points</i> it, however, by no deviation from his
straightforward manner of speech.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To indicate or discover by a fixed look, as
game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To fill up and finish the
joints of (a wall), by introducing additional cement or mortar, and
bringing it to a smooth surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Stone Cutting)</i> <def>To cut, as a
surface, with a pointed tool.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To point a rope</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to taper and
neatly finish off the end by interweaving the nettles.</cd> --
<col><b>To point a sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to affix points
through the eyelet holes of the reefs.</cd> -- <col><b>To point
off</b></col>, <cd>to divide into periods or groups, or to separate,
by pointing, as figures.</cd> -- <col><b>To point the yards</b></col>
(of a vessel) <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to brace them so that the wind shall
strike the sails obliquely.</cd> <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1106  !></p>

<p><hw>Point</hw> (point), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To direct the point of something, as of a finger, for the purpose
of designating an object, and attracting attention to it; -- with
<i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now must the world <i>point</i> at poor
Katharine.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Point</i> at the tattered coat and ragged
shoe.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To indicate the presence of game by fixed
and steady look, as certain hunting dogs do.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He treads with caution, and he <i>points</i> with
fear.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To approximate to the
surface; to head; -- said of an abscess.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To point at</b></col>, <cd>to treat with scorn or contempt
by pointing or directing attention to.</cd> -- <col><b>To point
well</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to sail close to the wind; -- said
of a vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Point"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Point</u>: cf.
F. <i>pointal</i> an upright wooden prop, OF. <i>pointille</i> a prick
or prickle.] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The pistil of a
plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of pencil or style used with the
tablets of the Middle Ages.</def> "A pair of tablets [<i>i. e.</i>,
tablets] . . . and a <i>pointel</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Poyntel</u>.</def>
[Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Point`-blank"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>point</i>
point + <i>blanc</i> white.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The white spot on
a target, at which an arrow or other missile is aimed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>With all
small arms, the second point in which the natural line of sight, when
horizontal, cuts the trajectory.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>With
artillery, the point where the projectile first strikes the horizontal
plane on which the gun stands, the axis of the piece being
horizontal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Point`-blank"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Directed in a line toward the object aimed at; aimed directly
toward the mark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, direct; plain; unqualified; -- said
of language; as, a <i>point-blank</i> assertion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Point-blank range</b></col>, <cd>the extent of the apparent
right line of a ball discharged.</cd> -- <col><b>Point-blank
shot</b></col>, <cd>the shot of a gun pointed directly toward the
object to be hit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Point`-blank"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a point-
blank manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To sin <i>point-blank</i> against God's
word.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Point` d'ap`pui"</hw> (?). [F.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Appui</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Point`-de*vice"</hw>, <hw>Point`-de*vise"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>at point devis</i>; <i>at</i> at +
<i>point</i> point, condition + <i>devis</i> exact, careful, OF.
<i>devis</i> fixed, set. See <u>Device</u>.] <def>Uncommonly nice and
exact; precise; particular.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are rather <i>point-devise</i> in your
accouterments.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus he grew up, in logic <i>point-devise</i>,<BR>
Perfect in grammar, and in rhetoric nice.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Point`-de*vice"</hw>, <hw>Point`-de*vise"</hw>, }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Exactly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Point"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sharp; having a sharp point; as, a <i>pointed</i> rock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by sharpness, directness, or
pithiness of expression; terse; epigrammatic; especially, directed to
a particular person or thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His moral pleases, not his <i>pointed</i>
wit.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pointed arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an arch with a
pointed crown.</cd> -- <col><b>Pointed style</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>a name given to that style of architecture in which the pointed
arch is the predominant feature; -- more commonly called
<i>Gothic</i>.</cd></p>

<p> -- <wf>Point"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Point"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Point"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Point</u>.
Cf. <u>Pointal</u>.] <def>See <u>Pointal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Point"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, points.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hand
of a timepiece.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of a breed of dogs trained to stop at scent of game, and with the nose
point it out to sportsmen.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The two stars (Merak and Dubhe) in the Great
Bear, the line between which points nearly in the direction of the
north star.</def> See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ursa Major</u>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Diagonal braces
sometimes fixed across the hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Point"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of sharpening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of designating, as a position or
direction, by means of something pointed, as a finger or a
rod.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or art of punctuating;
punctuation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of filling and finishing the joints
in masonry with mortar, cement, etc.; also, the material so
used.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The rubbing off of the point of the wheat
grain in the first process of high milling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Sculpt.)</i> <def>The act or process of
measuring, at the various distances from the surface of a block of
marble, the surface of a future piece of statuary; also, a process
used in cutting the statue from the artist's model.</def></p>

<p><hw>Point`ing*stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An object
of ridicule or scorn; a laughingstock.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Point"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no point;
blunt; wanting keenness; obtuse; as, a <i>pointless</i> sword; a
<i>pointless</i> remark.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blunt; obtuse, dull; stupid.</p>

<p><hw>Point"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Point"let*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having a small, distinct point; apiculate.</def>
<i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poin"trel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A graving
tool.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Points"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
men</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>A man who has charge of railroad
points or switches.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Poise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pois</i>,
<i>peis</i>, OF. <i>pois</i>, <i>peis</i>, F. <i>poids</i>, fr. L.
<i>pensum</i> a portion weighed out, <i>pendere</i> to weigh, weigh
out.  Cf. <u>Avoirdupois</u>, <u>Pendant</u>, <u>Poise</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] [Formerly written also <i>peise</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Weight; gravity; that which causes a body to
descend; heaviness.</def> "Weights of an extraordinary <i>poise</i>."
<i>Evelyn.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The weight, or mass of metal, used in
weighing, to balance the substance weighed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being balanced by equal weight
or power; equipoise; balance; equilibrium; rest.</def>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which causes a balance; a
counterweight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of unbounded imagination often want the
<i>poise</i> of judgment.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Poised</u>, (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Poising</u>.] [OE. <i>poisen</i>, <i>peisen</i>, OF. &amp; F.
<i>peser</i>, to weigh, balance, OF. il <i>peise</i>, il <i>poise</i>,
he weighs, F. il <i>p&egrave;se</i>, fr. L. <i>pensare</i>, v. intens.
fr. <i>pendere</i> to weigh. See <u>Poise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>Pensive</u>.] [Formerly written also <i>peise</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To balance; to make of equal weight; as, to
<i>poise</i> the scales of a balance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold or place in equilibrium or
equiponderance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor yet was earth suspended in the sky;<BR>
Nor <i>poised</i>, did on her own foundation lie.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To counterpoise; to
counterbalance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One scale of reason to <i>poise</i> another of
sensuality.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>poise</i> with solid sense a sprightly
wit.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To ascertain, as by the balance; to
weigh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He can not sincerely consider the strength,
<i>poise</i> the weight, and discern the evidence.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To weigh (down); to oppress.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lest leaden slumber <i>peise</i> me down to-
morrow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poise</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hang in
equilibrium; to be balanced or suspended; hence, to be in suspense or
doubt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The slender, graceful spars<BR>
<i>Poise</i> aloft in air.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pois"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The balancer of dipterous insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poi"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>poison</i>, in
Old French also, a potion, fr. L. <i>potio</i> a drink, draught,
potion, a poisonous draught, fr. <i>potare</i> to drink. See
<u>Potable</u>, and cf. <u>Potion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any
agent which, when introduced into the animal organism, is capable of
producing a morbid, noxious, or deadly effect upon it; as, morphine is
a deadly <i>poison</i>; the <i>poison</i> of pestilential
diseases.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which taints or destroys moral purity
or health; as, the <i>poison</i> of evil example; the <i>poison</i> of
sin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Poison ash</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A tree of the genus <i>Amyris</i> (<i>A. balsamifera</i>) found in
the West Indies, from the trunk of which a black liquor distills,
supposed to have poisonous qualities.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
poison sumac (<i>Rhus venenata</i>)</cd>. [U. S.] -- <col><b>Poison
dogwood</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>poison sumac.</cd> --
<col><b>Poison fang</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the
superior maxillary teeth of some species of serpents, which, besides
having the cavity for the pulp, is either perforated or grooved by a
longitudinal canal, at the lower end of which the duct of the poison
gland terminates. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Fang</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Poison gland</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a gland, in animals
or plants, which secretes an acrid or venomous matter, that is
conveyed along an organ capable of inflicting a wound.</cd> --
<col><b>Poison hemlock</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a poisonous
umbelliferous plant (<i>Conium maculatum</i>). See
<u>Hemlock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Poison ivy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a poisonous climbing plant (<i>Rhus Toxicodendron</i>) of North
America. It is common on stone walls and on the trunks of trees, and
has trifoliate, rhombic-ovate, variously notched leaves. Many people
are poisoned by it, if they touch the leaves. See <u>Poison sumac</u>.
Called also <i>poison oak</i>, and <i>mercury</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Poison nut</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Nux vomica</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The tree which yields
this seed (<i>Strychnos Nuxvomica</i>). It is found on the Malabar and
Coromandel coasts.</cd> -- <col><b>Poison oak</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the poison ivy; also, the more shrubby <i>Rhus diversiloba</i> of
California and Oregon.</cd> -- <col><b>Poison sac</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Poison gland</i>, above. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Fang</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Poison
sumac</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a poisonous shrub of the genus
<i>Rhus</i> (<i>R. venenata</i>); -- also called <i>poison ash</i>,
<i>poison dogwood</i>, and <i>poison elder</i>. It has pinnate leaves
on graceful and slender common petioles, and usually grows in swampy
places. Both this plant and the poison ivy (<i>Rhus Toxicodendron</i>)
have clusters of smooth greenish white berries, while the red-fruited
species of this genus are harmless. The tree (<i>Rhus vernicifera</i>)
which yields the celebrated Japan lacquer is almost identical with the
poison sumac, and is also very poisonous. The juice of the poison
sumac also forms a lacquer similar to that of Japan.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Venom; virus; bane; pest; malignity.  --
<u>Poison</u>, <u>Venom</u>. <i>Poison</i> usually denotes something
received into the system by the mouth, breath, etc. <i>Venom</i> is
something discharged from animals and received by means of a wound, as
by the bite or sting of serpents, scorpions, etc. Hence, <i>venom</i>
specifically implies some malignity of nature or purpose.</p>

<p><hw>Poi"son</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Poisoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Poisoning</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>poisonner</i>, F. <i>empoissoner</i>,
L. <i>potionare</i> to give to drink. See <u>Poison</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put poison upon or into; to infect with
poison; as, to <i>poison</i> an arrow; to <i>poison</i> food or
drink.</def> "The ingredients of our <i>poisoned</i> chalice."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To injure or kill by poison; to administer
poison to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you <i>poison</i> us, do we not die ?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To taint; to corrupt; to vitiate; as, vice
<i>poisons</i> happiness; slander <i>poisoned</i> his mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whispering tongues can <i>poison</i>
truth.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poi"son</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act as, or
convey, a poison.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tooth that <i>poisons</i> if it bite.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poi"son*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of poisoning; poisonous.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Poisonable</i>
heresies."  <i>Tooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being poisoned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poi"son*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
poisons.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poi"son*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
qualities or effects of poison; venomous; baneful; corrupting;
noxious.</def> <i>Shak.</i> -- <wf>Poi"son*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Poi"son*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Poi"son*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Poisonous.[Obs.] <i>Holland</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poi"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Poise</u>.]
<def>Weight.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Poi"trel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>poitrel</i>, F.
<i>poitrail</i>, fr. L. <i>pectorale</i> a breastplate, fr.
<i>pectoralis</i>, a. See <u>Pectoral</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>The breastplate of the armor of a horse. See
<u>Peytrel</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poize</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Poise</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Po*kal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>A tall
drinking cup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large
North American herb of the genus <i>Phytolacca</i> (<i>P.
decandra</i>), bearing dark purple juicy berries; -- called also
<i>garget</i>, <i>pigeon berry</i>, <i>pocan</i>, and <i>pokeweed</i>.
The root and berries have emetic and purgative properties, and are
used in medicine. The young shoots are sometimes eaten as a substitute
for asparagus, and the berries are said to be used in Europe to color
wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poke</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>poca</i>, <i>poha</i>,
<i>pohha</i>; akin to Icel. <i>poki</i>, OD. <i>poke</i>, and perh. to
E. <i>pock</i>; cf. also Gael. <i>poca</i>, and OF. <i>poque</i>.  Cf.
<u>Pock</u>, <u>Pocket</u>, <u>Pouch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bag; a sack; a pocket.</def> "He drew a dial from his <i>poke</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They wallowed as pigs in a <i>poke</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A long, wide sleeve; -- called also <i>poke
sleeve</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To boy a pig a poke</b></col><cd> (that is, in a bag), to
buy a thing without knowledge or examination of it.</cd>
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poke</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Poked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Poking</u>.] [Cf. LG. <i>poken</i> to prick, pierce, thrust,
<i>pok</i> a dagger, knife, D. <i>pook</i>, G. <i>pocken</i> to beat,
also Ir. <i>poc</i> a blow, Gael. <i>puc</i> to push.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To thrust or push against or into with
anything pointed; hence, to stir up; to excite; as, to <i>poke</i> a
fire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>poked</i> John, and said "Sleepest thou
?"</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrust with the horns; to
gore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [From 5th <u>Poke</u>, 3.] <def>To put a poke
on; as, to <i>poke</i> an ox.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>To poke fun</b></col>, <cd>to excite fun; to joke; to
jest.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To poke fun at</b></col>, <cd>to make
a butt of; to ridicule.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Poke</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To search; to feel
one's way, as in the dark; to grope; as, to <i>poke</i>
about.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man must have <i>poked</i> into Latin and
Greek.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poke</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of poking; a thrust; a jog; as, a <i>poke</i> in the ribs.</def>
<i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lazy person; a dawdler; also, a stupid or
uninteresting person.</def> [Slang, U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance to prevent an animal from
leaping or breaking through fences. It consists of a yoke with a pole
inserted, pointed forward.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Poke bonnet</b></col>, <cd>a bonnet with a straight,
projecting front.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Poke"bag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called in allusion
to its baglike nest.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European long-
tailed titmouse; -- called also <i>poke-pudding</i>.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pok"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Poke</u> to
push.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who pokes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which pokes or is used in poking,
especially a metal bar or rod used in stirring a fire of
coals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A poking-stick.</def>  <i>Decker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The poachard.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Poker picture</b></col>, <cd>a picture formed in imitation
of bisterwashed drawings, by singeing the surface of wood with a
heated poker or other iron.</cd>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pok"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain etymol.] <def>A
game at cards derived from brag, and first played about 1835 in the
Southwestern United States.</def>  <i>Johnson's Cyc.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Pok"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>pokker</i> the
deuce, devil, also W. <i>pwci</i>, a hobgoblin, bugbear, and E.
<i>puck</i>.] <def>Any imagined frightful object, especially one
supposed to haunt the darkness; a bugbear.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pok"er*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infested by pokers;
adapted to excite fear; as, a <i>pokerish</i> place.</def> [Colloq. U.
S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is something <i>pokerish</i> about a deserted
dwelling.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pok"er*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stiff like a
poker.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Pok"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pocket.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poke"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Poke</u>, the plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pok"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Poky</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pok"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drudging;
servile.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bred to some <i>poking</i> profession.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pok"ing-stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
stick or rod of steel, formerly used in adjusting the plaits of
ruffs.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pok"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>pokey</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Confined; cramped.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dull; tedious; uninteresting.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Po*lac"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>polacca</i>,
<i>polaccra</i>, <i>polacra</i>; cf. F. <i>polaque</i>,
<i>polacre</i>, Sp. <i>polacre</i>,] [Written also <i>polacre</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel with two or three
masts, used in the Mediterranean. The masts are usually of one piece,
and without tops, caps, or crosstrees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See
<u>Polonaise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"lack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Polander.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*la"cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Polacca</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Poland; a Pole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>polaire</i>.
See <u>Pole</u> of the earth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to one of the poles of the earth, or of a sphere; situated
near, or proceeding from, one of the poles; as, <i>polar</i> regions;
<i>polar</i> seas; <i>polar</i> winds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the magnetic pole, or
to the point to which the magnetic needle is directed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, reckoned
from, or having a common radiating point; as, <i>polar</i>
co&ouml;rdinates.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polar axis</b></col>, <cd>that axis of an astronomical
instrument, as an equatorial, which is parallel to the earths
axis.</cd> -- <col><b>Polar bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
large bear (<i>Ursus, or Thalarctos, maritimus</i>) inhabiting the
arctic regions. It sometimes measures nearly nine feet in length and
weighs 1,600 pounds. It is partially amphibious, very powerful, and
the most carnivorous of all the bears. The fur is white, tinged with
yellow. Called also <i>White bear</i>. See <u>Bear</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Polar body</b></col>, <col><b>cell</b></col>, or
<col><b>globule</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a minute cell which
separates by karyokinesis from the ovum during its maturation. In the
maturation of ordinary ova two polar bodies are formed, but in
parthogenetic ova only one. The first polar body formed is usually
larger than the second one, and often divides into two after its
separation from the ovum. Each of the polar bodies removes maternal
chromatin from the ovum to make room for the chromatin of the
fertilizing spermatozo&ouml;n; but their functions are not fully
understood.</cd> -- <col><b>Polar circles</b></col> <i>(Astron. &
Geog.)</i>, <cd>two circles, each at a distance from a pole of the
earth equal to the obliquity of the ecliptic, or about 23&deg;
28&prime;, the northern called the <i>arctic circle</i>, and the
southern the <i>antarctic circle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Polar
clock</b></col>, <cd>a tube, containing a polarizing apparatus,
turning on an axis parallel to that of the earth, and indicating the
hour of the day on an hour circle, by being turned toward the plane of
maximum polarization of the light of the sky, which is always 90&deg;
from the sun.</cd> -- <col><b>Polar co&ouml;rdinates</b></col>.
<cd>See under 3d <u>Co&ouml;rdinate</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Polar
dial</b></col>, <cd>a dial whose plane is parallel to a great circle
passing through the poles of the earth.</cd> <i>Math. Dict.</i> --
<col><b>Polar distance</b></col>, <cd>the angular distance of any
point on a sphere from one of its poles, particularly of a heavenly
body from the north pole of the heavens.</cd> -- <col><b>Polar
equation of a line</b></col> or <col><b>surface</b></col>, <cd>an
equation which expresses the relation between the polar
co&ouml;rdinates of every point of the line or surface.</cd> --
<col><b>Polar forces</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>forces that are
developed and act in pairs, with opposite tendencies or properties in
the two elements, as magnetism, electricity, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Polar hare</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large hare of
Arctic America (<i>Lepus arcticus</i>), which turns pure white in
winter. It is probably a variety of the common European hare (<i>L.
timidus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Polar lights</b></col>, <cd>the aurora
borealis or australis.</cd> -- <col><b>Polar</b></col>, or
<col><b>Polaric</b></col>, <col><b>opposition</b></col> or
<col><b>contrast</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>an opposition or
contrast made by the existence of two opposite conceptions which are
the extremes in a species, as white and black in colors; hence, as
great an opposition or contrast as possible.</cd> -- <col><b>Polar
projection</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Projection</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Polar spherical triangle</b></col> <i>(Spherics)</i>, <cd>a
spherical triangle whose three angular points are poles of the sides
of a given triangle. See 4th <u>Pole</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Polar
whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the right whale, or bowhead.
See <u>Whale</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1107  !></p>

<p><hw>Po"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Conic Sections)</i>
<def>The right line drawn through the two points of contact of the two
tangents drawn from a given point to a given conic section. The given
point is called the <i>pole</i> of the line. If the given point lies
within the curve so that the two tangents become imaginary, there is
still a real polar line which does not meet the curve, but which
possesses other properties of the polar. Thus the focus and directrix
are pole and polar. There are also poles and polar curves to curves of
higher degree than the second, and poles and polar planes to surfaces
of the second degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ar*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Polyarchy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Polar</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Po"lar*i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a polary
manner; with polarity.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po`lar*im"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Polar</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>An instrument for determining the
amount of polarization of light, or the proportion of polarized light,
in a partially polarized ray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po`lar*im"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>The art or process of measuring the polarization of
light.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po*la"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Polar</u>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The polestar. See <i>North
star</i>, under <u>North</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lar"i*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Polar</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>An instrument consisting
essentially of a polarizer and an analyzer, used for polarizing light,
and analyzing its properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lar`i*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the polariscope; obtained by the use of a
polariscope; as, <i>polariscopic</i> observations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po`lar*is"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>The art or rocess of making observations with the
polariscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po`lar*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or exhibiting, poles; having a polar arrangement or disposition;
arising from, or dependent upon, the possession of poles or polar
characteristics; as, <i>polaristic</i> antagonism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>polarit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>That
quality or condition of a body in virtue of which it exhibits
opposite, or contrasted, properties or powers, in opposite, or
contrasted, parts or directions; or a condition giving rise to a
contrast of properties corresponding to a contrast of positions, as,
for example, attraction and repulsion in the opposite parts of a
magnet, the dissimilar phenomena corresponding to the different sides
of a polarized ray of light, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A property of the conic
sections by virtue of which a given point determines a corresponding
right line and a given right line determines a corresponding point.
See <u>Polar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Po"lar*i`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Susceptible
of polarization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po`lar*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>polarisation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of polarizing; the state of being
polarized, or of having polarity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A peculiar affection or
condition of the rays of light or heat, in consequence of which they
exhibit different properties in different directions.</def></p>

<p>&fist; If a beam of light, which has been reflected from a plate of
unsilvered glass at an angle of about 56&deg;, be received upon a
second plate of glass similar to the former, and at the same angle of
incidence, the light will be readily reflected when the two planes of
incidence are parallel to each other, but will not be reflected when
the two planes of incidence are perpendicular to each other. The light
has, therefore, acquired new properties by reflection from the first
plate of glass, and is called <i>polarized light</i>, while the
modification which the light has experienced by this reflection is
called <i>polarization</i>. The plane in which the beam of light is
reflected from the first mirror is called the <i>plane of
polarization</i>. The <i>angle of polarization</i> is the angle at
which a beam of light must be reflected, in order that the
polarization may be the most complete. The term <i>polarization</i>
was derived from the theory of emission, and it was conceived that
each luminous molecule has two poles analogous to the poles of a
magnet; but this view is not now held. According to the undulatory
theory, ordinary light is produced by vibrations transverse or
perpendicular to the direction of the ray, and distributed as to show
no distinction as to any particular direction. But when, by any means,
these, vibrations are made to take place in one plane, the light is
said to be <i>plane polarized</i>. If only a portion of the vibrations
lie in one plane the ray is said to be <i>partially polarized</i>.
Light may be polarized by several methods other than by reflection, as
by refraction through most crystalline media, or by being transmitted
obliquely through several plates of glass with parallel faces. If a
beam of polarized light be transmitted through a crystal of quartz in
the direction of its axis, the plane of polarization will be changed
by an angle proportional to the thickness of the crystal. This
phenomenon is called <i>rotatory polarization</i>. A beam of light
reflected from a metallic surface, or from glass surfaces under
certain peculiar conditions, acquires properties still more complex,
its vibrations being no longer rectilinear, but circular, or
elliptical. This phenomenon is called <i>circular</i> or <i>elliptical
polarization</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An effect produced upon the
plates of a voltaic battery, or the electrodes in an electrolytic
cell, by the deposition upon them of the gases liberated by the action
of the current. It is chiefly due to the hydrogen, and results in an
increase of the resistance, and the setting up of an opposing electro-
motive force, both of which tend materially to weaken the current of
the battery, or that passing through the cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"lar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Polarized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Polarizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>polariser</i>.] <def>To communicate
polarity to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"lar*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>That which polarizes; especially, the part of a polariscope which
receives and polarizes the light. It is usually a reflecting plate, or
a plate of some crystal, as tourmaline, or a doubly refracting
crystal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"lar*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to a pole;
having a direction toward a pole.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Po`la`touche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A flying squirrel (<i>Sciuropterus
volans</i>) native of Northern Europe and Siberia; -- called also
<i>minene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.] <def>A tract of low
land reclaimed from the sea by of high embankments.</def> [Holland &
Belgium]</p>

<p><hw>Pold"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Poledavy</u>.]
<def>A kind of coarse bagging, -- used for coal sacks.</def>
<i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>Pole</i> a Pole,
<i>Polen</i> Poland.] <def>A native or inhabitant of Poland; a
Polander.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [As. <i>p&amacr;l</i>, L.
<i>palus</i>, akin to <i>pangere</i> to make fast.  Cf. <u>Pale</u> a
stake, <u>Pact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long, slender piece of
wood; a tall, slender piece of timber; the stem of a small tree whose
branches have been removed; as, specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A
carriage pole, a wooden bar extending from the front axle of a
carriage between the wheel horses, by which the carriage is guided and
held back. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A flag pole, a pole on which a flag is
supported. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A Maypole. See <u>Maypole</u>.
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> A barber's pole, a pole painted in stripes, used
as a sign by barbers and hairdressers. <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> A pole on
which climbing beans, hops, or other vines, are trained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measuring stick; also, a measure of
length equal to 5&?; yards, or a square measure equal to 30&?; square
yards; a rod; a perch.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pole bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any kind of bean
which is customarily trained on poles, as the scarlet runner or the
Lima bean.</cd> -- <col><b>Pole flounder</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large deep-water flounder
(<i>Glyptocephalus cynoglossus</i>), native of the northern coasts of
Europe and America, and much esteemed as a food fish; -- called also
<i>craig flounder</i>, and <i>pole fluke</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pole
lathe</b></col>, <cd>a simple form of lathe, or a substitute for a
lathe, in which the work is turned by means of a cord passing around
it, one end being fastened to the treadle, and the other to an elastic
pole above.</cd> -- <col><b>Pole mast</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
mast formed from a single piece or from a single tree.</cd> --
<col><b>Pole of a lens</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the point where
the principal axis meets the surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Pole
plate</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a horizontal timber resting on the
tiebeams of a roof and receiving the ends of the rafters. It differs
from the <i>plate</i> in not resting on the wall.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pole</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Poled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Poling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with poles for
support; as, to <i>pole</i> beans or hops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To convey on poles; as, to <i>pole</i> hay
into a barn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To impel by a pole or poles, as a
boat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stir, as molten glass, with a
pole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>polus</i>, Gr. &?; a
pivot or hinge on which anything turns, an axis, a pole; akin to &?;
to move: cf. F. <i>p&ocirc;le</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Either
extremity of an axis of a sphere; especially, one of the extremities
of the earth's axis; as, the north <i>pole</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Spherics)</i> <def>A point upon the surface
of a sphere equally distant from every part of the circumference of a
great circle; or the point in which a diameter of the sphere
perpendicular to the plane of such circle meets the surface. Such a
point is called the <i>pole</i> of that circle; as, the <i>pole</i> of
the horizon; the <i>pole</i> of the ecliptic; the <i>pole</i> of a
given meridian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>One of the opposite or
contrasted parts or directions in which a polar force is manifested; a
point of maximum intensity of a force which has two such points, or
which has polarity; as, the <i>poles</i> of a magnet; the north
<i>pole</i> of a needle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The firmament; the sky.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Shoots against the dusky <i>pole</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>See <u>Polarity</u>, and
<u>Polar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Magnetic pole</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Magnetic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Poles of the earth</b></col>, or
<col><b>Terrestrial poles</b></col> <i>(Geog.)</i>, <cd>the two
opposite points on the earth's surface through which its axis
passes.</cd> -- <col><b>Poles of the heavens</b></col>, or
<col><b>Celestial poles</b></col>, <cd>the two opposite points in the
celestial sphere which coincide with the earth's axis produced, and
about which the heavens appear to revolve.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pole"ax`</hw>, <hw>Pole"axe`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pollax</i>; cf. OD. <i>pollexe</i>. See
<u>Poll</u> head, and Ax.] <def>Anciently, a kind of battle-ax with a
long handle; later, an ax or hatchet with a short handle, and a head
variously patterned; -- used by soldiers, and also by sailors in
boarding a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pole"cat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr. F.
<i>poule</i> hen, and originally, a poultry cat, because it feeds on
poultry. See <u>Poultry</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A small European carnivore of the Weasel family (<i>Putorius
f&oelig;tidus</i>). Its scent glands secrete a substance of an
exceedingly disagreeable odor. Called also <i>fitchet</i>,
<i>foulmart</i>, and <i>European ferret</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The zorilla. The name is also applied to other allied
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pole"da`vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymology
uncertain.] <def>A sort of coarse canvas; poldway.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pole"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a pole; as, a
<i>poleless</i> chariot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"e*march</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; war +
&?; leader, from &?; to be first.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>In Athens,
originally, the military commanderin-chief; but, afterward, a civil
magistrate who had jurisdiction in respect of strangers and
sojourners. In other Grecian cities, a high military and civil
officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lem"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; warlike,
fr.&?; war: cf. F. <i>pol&eacute;mique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to controversy; maintaining, or involving,
controversy; controversial; disputative; as, a <i>polemic</i>
discourse or essay; <i>polemic</i> theology.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Engaged in, or addicted to, polemics, or to
controversy; disputations; as, a <i>polemic</i> writer.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*lem"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who writes in support of one opinion, doctrine, or system, in
opposition to another; one skilled in polemics; a controversialist; a
disputant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sarcasms and invectives of the young
<i>polemic</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A polemic argument or
controversy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Polemic;
controversial; disputatious.</def> -- <wf>Po*lem"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Polemical</i> and impertinent
disputations.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*lem"i*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
polemic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Po*lem"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pol&eacute;mique</i>.] <def>The art or practice of disputation or
controversy, especially on religious subjects; that branch of
theological science which pertains to the history or conduct of
ecclesiastical controversy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"e*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A polemic.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pol`e*mo`ni*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants
(<i>Polemoniace&aelig;</i>), which includes <i>Polemonium</i>,
<i>Phlox</i>, <i>Gilia</i>, and a few other genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`e*mo"ni*um</hw> (?). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr.&?; a kind of plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of gamopetalous
perennial herbs, including the Jacob's ladder and the Greek
valerian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lem"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; war +
<i>-scope</i>: cf. F. <i>pol&eacute;moscope</i>.] <def>An opera glass
or field glass with an oblique mirror arranged for seeing objects do
not lie directly before the eye; -- called also <i>diagonal, or side,
opera glass</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"e*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Polemic</u>.]
<def>Warfare; war; hence, contention; opposition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Po*len"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>polenta</i> peeled barley.] <def>Pudding made of Indian meal; also,
porridge made of chestnut meal.</def> [Italy]</p>

<p><hw>Pol"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
poles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An extortioner. See
<u>Poller</u>.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pole"star`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Polaris, or the north star. See <i>North star</i>, under
<u>North</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A guide or director.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pole"wards</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward a pole
of the earth.</def> "The regions further <i>polewards</i>."
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pole"wig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Polliwig</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European spotted goby <i>(Gobius
minutus)</i>; -- called also <i>pollybait</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Po"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Poly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"ley</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without horns;
polled.</def> [Prov. Eng.] "That <i>poley</i> heifer."  <i>H.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"li*a*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to become
gray.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Manganese dioxide, occurring in tetragonal
crystals nearly as hard as quartz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Pollicate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lice"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>politia</i> the condition of a state, government, administration,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to be a citizen, to govern or administer a state, fr.
&?; citizen, fr. &?; city; akin to Skr. <i>pur</i>, <i>puri</i>.  Cf.
<u>Policy</u> polity, <u>Polity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
judicial and executive system, for the government of a city, town, or
district, for the preservation of rights, order, cleanliness, health,
etc., and for the enforcement of the laws and prevention of crime; the
administration of the laws and regulations of a city, incorporated
town, or borough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which concerns the order of the
community; the internal regulation of a state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The organized body of civil officers in a
city, town, or district, whose particular duties are the preservation
of good order, the prevention and detection of crime, and the
enforcement of the laws.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Military police, the body of
soldiers detailed to preserve civil order and attend to sanitary
arrangements in a camp or garrison.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The cleaning of a camp or garrison, or the
state &?; a camp as to cleanliness.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Police commissioner</b></col>, <cd>a civil officer, usually
one of a board, commissioned to regulate and control the appointment,
duties, and discipline of the police.</cd> -- <col><b>Police
constable</b></col>, or <col><b>Police officer</b></col>, <cd>a
policeman.</cd> -- <col><b>Police court</b></col>, <cd>a minor court
to try persons brought before it by the police.</cd> -- <col><b>Police
inspector</b></col>, <cd>an officer of police ranking next below a
superintendent.</cd> -- <col><b>Police jury</b></col>, <cd>a body of
officers who collectively exercise jurisdiction in certain cases of
police, as levying taxes, etc.; -- so called in Louisiana.</cd>
<i>Bouvier.</i> -- <col><b>Police justice</b></col>, or <col><b>Police
magistrate</b></col>, <cd>a judge of a police court.</cd> --
<col><b>Police offenses</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>minor offenses
against the order of the community, of which a police court may have
final jurisdiction.</cd> -- <col><b>Police station</b></col>, <cd>the
headquarters of the police, or of a section of them; the place where
the police assemble for orders, and to which they take arrested
persons.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Po*lice"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Policed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Policing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep in order by
police.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To make clean; as, to
<i>police</i> a camp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*liced"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Regulated by laws
for the maintenance of peace and order, enforced by organized
administration.</def> "A <i>policed</i> kingdom."  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*lice"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Policemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A member of a body of police;
a constable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*li"cial</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
the police.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 1108  !></p>

<p><hw>Pol"i*cied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Policed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"i*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Policies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>politia</i>, Gr. &?;; cf. F.
<i>police</i>, Of. <i>police</i>. See <u>Police</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Civil polity.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The settled method by which the government
and affairs of a nation are, or may be, administered; a system of
public or official administration, as designed to promote the external
or internal prosperity of a state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The method by which any institution is
administered; system of management; course.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Management or administration based on
temporal or material interest, rather than on principles of equity or
honor; hence, worldly wisdom; dexterity of management; cunning;
stratagem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Prudence or wisdom in the management of
public and private affairs; wisdom; sagacity; wit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The very <i>policy</i> of a hostess, finding his purse
so far above his clothes, did detect him.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Motive; object; inducement.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>policy</i> have you to bestow a benefit where
it is counted an injury?</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Polity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pol"i*cy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Policied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Policying</u>.] <def>To regulate by laws; to reduce to order.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Policying</i> of cities."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"i*cy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>police</i>; cf. Pr.
<i>polissia</i>, Sp. <i>p&oacute;lizia</i>, It. <i>p&oacute;lizza</i>;
of uncertain origin; cf. L. <i>pollex</i> thumb (as being used in
pressing the seal), in LL. also, seal; or cf. LL. <i>politicum</i>,
<i>poleticum</i>, <i>polecticum</i>, L. <i>polyptychum</i>, account
book, register, fr. Gr. &?; having many folds or leaves; &?; many +
&?; fold, leaf, from &?; to fold; or cf. LL. <i>apodixa</i> a
receipt.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ticket or warrant for money in the
public funds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The writing or instrument in which a
contract of insurance is embodied; an instrument in writing containing
the terms and conditions on which one party engages to indemnify
another against loss arising from certain hazards, perils, or risks to
which his person or property may be exposed. See
<u>Insurance</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A method of gambling by betting as to what
numbers will be drawn in a lottery; as, to play
<i>policy</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Interest policy</b></col>, <cd>a policy that shows by its
form that the assured has a real, substantial interest in the matter
insured.</cd> -- <col><b>Open policy</b></col>, <cd>one in which the
value of the goods or property insured is not mentioned.</cd> --
<col><b>Policy book</b></col>, <cd>a book to contain a record of
insurance policies.</cd> -- <col><b>Policy holder</b></col>, <cd>one
to whom an insurance policy has been granted.</cd> -- <col><b>Policy
shop</b></col>, <cd>a gambling place where one may bet on the numbers
which will be drawn in lotteries.</cd> -- <col><b>Valued
policy</b></col>, <cd>one in which the value of the goods, property,
or interest insured is specified.</cd> -- <col><b>Wager
policy</b></col>, <cd>a policy that shows on the face of it that the
contract it embodies is a pretended insurance, founded on an ideal
risk, where the insured has no interest in anything insured.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Pole</u> a
stick.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of supporting or of propelling
by means of a pole or poles; as, the <i>poling</i> of beans; the
<i>poling</i> of a boat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gardening)</i> <def>The operation of
dispersing worm casts over the walks with poles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the poles or planks used in
upholding the side earth in excavating a tunnel, ditch, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Pole</u> a
Polander.] <def>Of or pertaining to Poland or its inhabitants.</def> -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of the Poles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Polished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Polishing</u>.] [F. <i>polir</i>, L. <i>polire</i>.  Cf.
<u>Polite</u>, <u>-ish</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make smooth and
glossy, usually by friction; to burnish; to overspread with luster;
as, to <i>polish</i> glass, marble, metals, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to refine; to wear off the rudeness,
coarseness, or rusticity of; to make elegant and polite; as, to
<i>polish</i> life or manners.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To polish off</b></col>, <cd>to finish completely, as an
adversary.</cd> [Slang]  <i>W. H. Russell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become smooth, as
from friction; to receive a gloss; to take a smooth and glossy
surface; as, steel <i>polishes</i> well.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
smooth, glossy surface, usually produced by friction; a gloss or
luster.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Another prism of clearer glass and better
<i>polish</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything used to produce a gloss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Refinement; elegance of
manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This Roman <i>polish</i> and this smooth
behavior.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being polished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ished</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made smooth and
glossy, as by friction; hence, highly finished; refined; polite; as,
<i>polished</i> plate; <i>polished</i> manners; <i>polished</i>
verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ished*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being polished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, polishes; also, that which is used in polishing.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ish*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Polish</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polishing iron</b></col>, <cd>an iron burnisher; esp., a
small smoothing iron used in laundries.</cd> -- <col><b>Polishing
slate</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A gray or yellow slate, found
in Bohemia and Auvergne, and used for polishing glass, marble, and
metals</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of hone or whetstone; hone
slate.</cd> -- <col><b>Polishing snake</b></col>, <cd>a tool used in
cleaning lithographic stones.</cd> -- <col><b>Polishing
wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel or disk coated with, or composed of,
abrading material, for polishing a surface.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
polishing, or the state of being polished.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Po*lite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Politer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Politest</u>.] [L. <i>politus</i>, p. p.
of <i>polire</i> to polish: cf. F. <i>poli</i>. See <u>Polish</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Smooth; polished.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rays of light falling on a <i>polite</i>
surface.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Smooth and refined in behavior or manners;
well bred; courteous; complaisant; obliging; civil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He marries, bows at court, and grows
<i>polite</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by refinement, or a high
degree of finish; as, <i>polite</i> literature.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Polished; refined; well bred; courteous; affable;
urbane; civil; courtly; elegant; genteel.</p>

<p><hw>Po*lite"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To polish; to
refine; to render polite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*lite"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a polished manner; so as to be smooth or glossy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a polite manner; with
politeness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lite"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>High finish; smoothness; burnished elegance.</def> [R.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being polite;
refinement of manners; urbanity; courteous behavior; complaisance;
obliging attentions.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Courtesy; good breeding; refinement; urbanity;
courteousness; affability; complaisance; civility; gentility;
courtliness.  -- <u>Politeness</u>, <u>Courtesy</u>. <i>Politeness</i>
denotes that ease and gracefulness of manners which first sprung up in
cities, connected with a desire to please others by anticipating their
wants and wishes, and studiously avoiding whatever might give them
pain. <i>Courtesy</i> is, etymologically, the <i>politeness</i> of
courts. It displays itself in the address and manners; it is shown
more especially in receiving and entertaining others, and is a union
of dignified complaisance and kindness.</p>

<p><hw>||Pol`i*tesse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Politeness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"i*tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>politicus</i>
political, Gr. &?; belonging to the citizens or to the state, fr.&?;
citizen: cf. F. <i>politique</i>. See <u>Police</u>, and cf.
<u>ePolitical</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
polity, or civil government; political; as, the body <i>politic</i>.
See under <u>Body</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He with his people made all but one <i>politic</i>
body.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or promoting, a policy,
especially a national policy; well-devised; adapted to its end,
whether right or wrong; -- said of things; as, a <i>politic</i>
treaty.</def> "Enrich'd with <i>politic</i> grave counsel."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sagacious in promoting a policy; ingenious
in devising and advancing a system of management; devoted to a scheme
or system rather than to a principle; hence, in a good sense, wise;
prudent; sagacious; and in a bad sense, artful; unscrupulous; cunning;
-- said of persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Politic</i> with my friend, smooth with mine
enemy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wise; prudent; sagacious; discreet; provident; wary;
artful; cunning.</p>

<p><hw>Pol`i*tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A politician.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Swiftly the <i>politic</i> goes; is it dark? he borrows
a lantern;<BR>
Slowly the statesman and sure, guiding his feet by the
stars.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*lit"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having, or conforming to, a settled system of
administration.</def> [R.] "A <i>political</i> government."
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to public policy, or to
politics; relating to affairs of state or administration; as, a
<i>political</i> writer.</def> "The <i>political</i> state of Europe."
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a party, or to parties,
in the state; as, his <i>political</i> relations were with the
Whigs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Politic; wise; also, artful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Political economy</b></col>, <cd>that branch of political
science or philosophy which treats of the sources, and methods of
production and preservation, of the material wealth and prosperity of
nations.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Po*lit"i*cal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Zeal or
party spirit in politics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lit"i*cal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a political manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Politicly; artfully.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*lit"i*cas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>politicastro</i>.] <def>A petty politician; a pretender in
politics.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`i*ti"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>politicien</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One versed or experienced in the science of
government; one devoted to politics; a statesman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While empiric <i>politicians</i> use
deceit.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One primarily devoted to his own
advancement in public office, or to the success of a political party;
-- used in a depreciatory sense; one addicted or attached to politics
as managed by parties (see <u>Politics</u>, 2); a schemer; an
intriguer; as, a mere <i>politician</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a scurvy <i>politician</i>, seem<BR>
To see the things thou dost not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>politician</i> . . . ready to do anything that
he apprehends for his advantage.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`i*ti"cian</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cunning; using
artifice; politic; artful.</def> "Ill-meaning <i>politician</i>
lords."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*lit"i*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A political
writer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pol"i*tic*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a politic
manner; sagaciously; shrewdly; artfully.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"i*tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>politique</i>, Gr. &?; (sc.&?;). See <u>Politic</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science of government; that part of ethics
which has to do with the regulation and government of a nation or
state, the preservation of its safety, peace, and prosperity, the
defense of its existence and rights against foreign control or
conquest, the augmentation of its strength and resources, and the
protection of its citizens in their rights, with the preservation and
improvement of their morals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The management of a political party; the
conduct and contests of parties with reference to political measures
or the administration of public affairs; the advancement of candidates
to office; in a bad sense, artful or dishonest management to secure
the success of political candidates or parties; political
trickery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When we say that two men are talking <i>politics</i>,
we often mean that they are wrangling about some mere party
question.</blockquote> <i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"i*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the
politician; to dispute as politicians do.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"i*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>politura</i>,
fr. <i>polire</i> to polish. See <u>Polish</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<def>Polish; gloss. [Obs.] <i>Donne</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Polities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>politia</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>politie</i>. See 1st <u>Policy</u>, <u>Police</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The form or constitution of the civil
government of a nation or state; the framework or organization by
which the various departments of government are combined into a
systematic whole.</def>  <i>Blackstone. Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: The form or constitution by which
any institution is organized; the recognized principles which lie at
the foundation of any human institution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor is possible that any form of <i>polity</i>, much
less <i>polity</i> ecclesiastical, should be good, unless God himself
be author of it.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Policy; art; management.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Policy.  -- <u>Polity</u>, <u>Policy</u>. These two
words were originally the same. <i>Polity</i> is now confined to the
structure of a government; as, civil or ecclesiastical <i>polity</i>;
while <i>policy</i> is applied to the scheme of management of public
affairs with reference to some aim or result; as, foreign or domestic
<i>policy</i>. <i>Policy</i> has the further sense of skillful or
cunning management.</p>

<p><hw>Po*litz`er*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act of inflating the middle ear by blowing air
up the nose during the act of swallowing; -- so called from Prof.
<i>Politzer</i> of Vienna, who first practiced it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pulley.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pol. <i>Polka</i> a
Polish woman: cf. F. &amp; G. <i>polka</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
dance of Polish origin, but now common everywhere. It is performed by
two persons in common time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A lively Bohemian or Polish
dance tune in 2-4 measure, with the third quaver accented.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polka jacket</b></col>, <cd>a kind of knit jacket worn by
women.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Poll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Polly</i>, The
proper name.] <def>A parrot; -- familiarly so called.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poll</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the many, the rabble.]
<def>One who does not try for honors, but is content to take a degree
merely; a passman.</def> [Cambridge Univ., Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Poll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG. <i>polle</i>
the head, the crest of a bird, the top of a tree, OD. <i>pol</i>,
<i>polle</i>, Dan. <i>puld</i> the crown of a hat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The head; the back part of the head.</def> "All flaxen was his
<i>poll</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A number or aggregate of heads; a list or
register of heads or individuals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are the greater <i>poll</i>, and in true fear<BR>
They gave us our demands.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The muster file, rotten and sound, upon my life,
amounts not to fifteen thousand <i>poll</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the register of the names of
electors who may vote in an election.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The casting or recording of the votes of
registered electors; as, the close of the <i>poll</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All soldiers quartered in place are to remove . . . and
not to return till one day after the <i>poll</i> is
ended.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The place where the votes are
cast or recorded; as, to go to the <i>polls</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The broad end of a hammer; the but of an
ax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European chub. See
<u>Pollard</u>, 3 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Poll book</b></col>, <cd>a register of persons entitled to
vote at an election.</cd> -- <col><b>Poll evil</b></col>
<i>(Far.)</i>, <cd>an inflammatory swelling or abscess on a horse's
head, confined beneath the great ligament of the neck.</cd> --
<col><b>Poll pick</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a pole having a heavy
spike on the end, forming a kind of crowbar.</cd> -- <col><b>Poll
tax</b></col>, <cd>a tax levied by the head, or poll; a capitation
tax.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Poll</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Polled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Polling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remove the poll or head
of; hence, to remove the top or end of; to clip; to lop; to shear; as,
to <i>poll</i> the head; to <i>poll</i> a tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he [Absalom] <i>pollled</i> his head.</blockquote>
<i>2 Sam. xiv. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His death did so grieve them that they <i>polled</i>
themselves; they clipped off their horse and mule's
hairs.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut off; to remove by clipping,
shearing, etc.; to mow or crop; -- sometimes with <i>off</i>; as, to
<i>poll</i> the hair; to <i>poll</i> wool; to <i>poll</i>
grass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who, as he <i>polled</i> off his dart's head, so sure
he had decreed<BR>
That all the counsels of their war he would <i>poll</i> off like
it.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To extort from; to plunder; to strip.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which <i>polls</i> and pills the poor in piteous
wise.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To impose a tax upon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To pay as one's personal tax.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man that <i>polled</i> but twelve pence for his
head.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To enter, as polls or persons, in a list or
register; to enroll, esp. for purposes of taxation; to enumerate one
by one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Polling</i> the reformed churches whether they
equalize in number those of his three kingdoms.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To register or deposit, as a vote; to
elicit or call forth, as votes or voters; as, he <i>polled</i> a
hundred votes more than his opponent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>poll</i> for points of faith his trusty
vote.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To cut or shave smooth or
even; to cut in a straight line without indentation; as, a
<i>polled</i> deed. See <u>Dee&?; poll</u>.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To poll a jury</b></col>, <cd>to call upon each member of
the jury to answer individually as to his concurrence in a verdict
which has been rendered.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Poll</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To vote at an
election.</def>  <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"lack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. &amp; D.
<i>pollack</i>, and Gael. <i>pollag</i> a little pool, a sort of
fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A marine gadoid
food fish of Europe (<i>Pollachius virens</i>). Called also
<i>greenfish</i>, <i>greenling</i>, <i>lait</i>, <i>leet</i>,
<i>lob</i>, <i>lythe</i>, and <i>whiting pollack</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The American pollock; the coalfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poll"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A head or poll
tax; hence, extortion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. <i>pollag</i>
a kind of fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lake whitefish
(<i>Coregonus pollan</i>), native of Ireland. In appearance it
resembles a herring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"lard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Poll</u> the
head.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tree having its top cut off at some
height above the ground, that may throw out branches.</def>
<i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A clipped coin; also, a counterfeit.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
fish, the chub.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A stag that has cast
its antlers.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A hornless animal (cow or
sheep).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"lard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pollarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pollarding</u>.] <def>To lop the tops of, as trees; to poll; as, to
<i>pollard</i> willows.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poll"ax`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A poleax.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Polled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deprived of a poll,
or of something belonging to the poll. Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Lopped; -- said of trees having their tops cut
off. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Cropped; hence, bald; -- said of a person.
"The <i>polled</i> bachelor." <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
Having cast the antlers; -- said of a stag. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
Without horns; as, <i>polled</i> cattle; <i>polled</i>
sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"len</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pollen</i> fine
flour, fine dust; cf. Gr. &?;] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fine bran or
flour.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fecundating dustlike
cells of the anthers of flowers. See <u>Flower</u>, and <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Filament</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pollen grain</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a particle or
call of pollen.</cd> -- <col><b>Pollen mass</b></col>, <cd>a
pollinium.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Pollen sac</b></col>, <cd>a
compartment of an anther containing pollen, -- usually there are four
in each anther.</cd> -- <col><b>Pollen tube</b></col>, <cd>a slender
tube which issues from the pollen grain on its contact with the
stigma, which it penetrates, thus conveying, it is supposed, the
fecundating matter of the grain to the ovule.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1109  !></p>

<p><hw>Pol`len*a"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting
of meal or pollen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"lened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
pollen.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`len*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pollen</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing pollen;
polliniferous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"len*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>poll&eacute;nine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance found in the
pollen of certain plants.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pol"len*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pollenized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Pollenizing</u> (?).] <def>To supply with pollen; to
impregnate with pollen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poll"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Poll</u>]
<def>One who polls; specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> One who polls or
lops trees. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> One who polls or cuts hair; a barber.
[R.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> One who extorts or plunders. [Obs.] Baex>.
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> One who registplws votplws, or one who enters his
name as a voter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol"lex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pollices</b></plw> (#). [the thumb.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
first, or preaxial, digit of the fore limb, corresponding to the
hallux in the hind limb; the thumb. In birds, the pollex is the joint
which bears the bastard wing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"li*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pollex</i>,
<i>pollicis</i>, a thumb.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a curved
projection or spine on the inner side of a leg joint; -- said of
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol*lic`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pollicitatio</i>, fr. <i>pollicitari</i> to promise, v. intens. fr.
<i>polliceri</i> to promise: cf. F. <i>pollicitation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A voluntary engagement, or a paper containing
it; a promise.</def>  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Roman Law)</i> <def>A promise without
mutuality; a promise which has not been accepted by the person to whom
it is made.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"li*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pollinose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"li*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>To apply pollen to (a stigma).</def> -- <wf>Pol`li*na"tion</wf>
(#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pol*linc"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>pollingere</i>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>One who prepared corpses
for the funeral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poll"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Poll</u> the
head.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of topping, lopping, or
cropping, as trees or hedges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plunder, or extortion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of voting, or of registering a
vote.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polling booth</b></col>, <cd>a temporary structure where
the voting at an election is done; a polling place.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pol`li*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pollen</i>, <i>-inis</i>, pollen + <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F.
<i>pollinif&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing pollen;
polleniferous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol*lin"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pollinia</b></plw> (#). [<u>NL</u>. See <u>Pollen</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A coherent mass of pollen, as in the milkweed and
most orchids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"li*nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pollen</i>,
<i>-inis</i>, dust.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the surface
covered with a fine yellow dust, like pollen.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pol"li*wig</hw> (?), <hw>Pol"li*wog</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>polwigle</i>.  Cf. <u>Poll</u> head, and
<u>Wiggle</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tadpole; -- called also
<i>purwiggy</i> and <i>porwigle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pollack</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine gadoid fish (<i>Pollachius
carbonarius</i>), native both of the European and American coasts. It
is allied to the cod, and like it is salted and dried. In England it
is called <i>coalfish</i>, <i>lob</i>, <i>podley</i>, <i>podling</i>,
<i>pollack</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"lu*cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pollux</u>,
and 4th <u>Castor</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A colorless transparent
mineral, resembling quartz, occurring with castor or castorite on the
island of Elba. It is a silicate of alumina and c&aelig;sia. Called
also <i>pollux</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Polluted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Polluting</u>.] [L. <i>pollutus</i>, p. p. of <i>polluere</i> to
defile, to pollute, from a prep. appearing only in comp. +
<i>luere</i> to wash. See <u>Position</u>, <u>Lave</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make foul, impure, or unclean; to defile;
to taint; to soil; to desecrate; -- used of physical or moral
defilement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The land was <i>polluted</i> with blood.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. cvi. 38</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wickedness . . . hath <i>polluted</i> the whole
earth.</blockquote> <i>2 Esd. xv. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To violate sexually; to debauch; to
dishonor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Law)</i> <def>To render ceremonially
unclean; to disqualify or unfit for sacred use or service, or for
social intercourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither shall ye <i>pollute</i> the holy things of the
children of Israel, lest ye die.</blockquote> <i>Num. xviii.
32.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They have <i>polluted</i> themselves with
blood.</blockquote> <i>Lam. iv. 14.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To defile; soil; contaminate; corrupt; taint;
vitiate; debauch; dishonor; ravish.</p>

<p><hw>Pol*lute"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pollutus</i>.]
<def>Polluted.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol*lut"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Defiled; made
unclean or impure; debauched.</def> -- <wf>Pol*lut"ed*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Pol*lut"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pol*lut"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pollutes.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol*lut"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted or tending
to pollute; causing defilement or pollution.</def> --
<wf>Pol*lut"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pol*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pollutio</i>:
cf. F. <i>pollution</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
polluting, or the state of being polluted (in any sense of the verb);
defilement; uncleanness; impurity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The emission of semen, or
sperm, at other times than in sexual intercourse.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pol"lux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the twin brother
of castor; also, the constellation.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A fixed star of the second magnitude, in the
constellation Gemini.  Cf. 3d <u>Castor</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Pollucite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman's name;
also, a popular name for a parrot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ly*wog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A polliwig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Eastern origin; --
properly, the ball used in the game.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A game
of ball of Eastern origin, resembling hockey, with the players on
horseback.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A similar game played on the ice, or on a
prepared floor, by players wearing skates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po`lo*naise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>polonais</i>, <i>polonaise</i>, Polish.] <def>Of or pertaining to
the Poles, or to Poland.</def> [Written also <i>Polonese</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Po`lo*naise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>Polonese</i> and <i>Polonoise</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
Polish language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An article of dress for women, consisting
of a body and an outer skirt in one piece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A stately Polish dance tune,
in 3-4 measure, beginning always on the beat with a quaver followed by
a crotchet, and closing on the beat after a strong accent on the
second beat; also, a dance adapted to such music; a polacca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po`lo*nese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Polonaise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lo"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupt. fr.
<i>Bologna</i>.] <def>A kind of sausage made of meat partly
cooked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pauldron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Polt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. E. <i>pelt</i>, L.
<i>pultare</i> to beat, strike.] <def>A blow or thump.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Distorted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pot foot</b></col>, <cd>a distorted foot.</cd>  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Polt"-foot`</hw> (?), <hw>Polt"-foot`ed</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a distorted foot, or a clubfoot or
clubfeet.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol*troon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>poltron</i>,
from It. <i>poltrone</i> an idle fellow, sluggard, coward,
<i>poltro</i> idle, lazy, also, bed, fr. OHG. <i>polstar</i>,
<i>bolstar</i>, cushion, G. <i>polster</i>, akin to E. <i>bolster</i>.
See <u>Bolster</u>.] <def>An arrant coward; a dastard; a craven; a
mean-spirited wretch.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol*troon"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Base; vile;
contemptible; cowardly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol*troon"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>poltronnerie</i>; cf. It. <i>poltroneria</i>.] <def>Cowardice; want
of spirit; pusillanimity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol*troon"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
poltroon; cowardly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ve*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>polverino</i>, fr. <i>polvere &?;</i>ust, L. <i>pulvis</i>, <i>-
veris</i>. See <u>Powder</u>.] <def>Glassmaker's ashes; a kind of
potash or pearlash, brought from the Levant and Syria, -- used in the
manufacture of fine glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"wig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A polliwig. <i>Holland</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y-</hw> (?). [See <u>Full</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A
combining form or prefix from Gr. <grk>poly`s</grk>, <i>many</i>; as,
<i>poly</i>gon, a figure of many angles; <i>poly</i>atomic, having
many atoms; <i>poly</i>chord, <i>poly</i>conic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>polium</i>, the
name of a plant, perhaps <i>Teucrium polium</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A whitish woolly plant (<i>Teucrium Polium</i>) of
the order <i>Labiat&aelig;</i>, found throughout the Mediterranean
region. The name, with sundry prefixes, is sometimes given to other
related species of the same genus.</def> [Spelt also
<i>poley</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Poly mountain</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Poly-mountain</u>, in
Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>acid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of neutralizing, or of
combining with, several molecules of a monobasic acid; having more
than one hydrogen atom capable of being replaced by acid radicals; --
said of certain bases; as, calcium hydrate and glycerin are
<i>polyacid</i> bases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*a*cous"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>acoustic</i>: cf. F. <i>polyacoustique</i>.] <def>Multiplying or
magnifying sound.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A polyacoustic
instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*a*cous"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art
of multiplying or magnifying sounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*a"cron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Polyacra</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Polyacrons</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>poly`s</grk> many + <grk>'a`kron</grk> summit.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid having many summits or angular points; a
polyhedron.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*ac*tin"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Poly-</u>, and <u>Actinia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An old
name for those Anthozoa which, like the actinias, have numerous simple
tentacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*a*del"phi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; brother.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Linn&aelig;an class of plants having stamens united in three or more
bodies or bundles by the filaments.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pol`y*a*del"phi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Pol`y*a*del"phous</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Belonging to the class
Polyadelphia; having stamens united in three or more
bundles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*an"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Polyandry</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of
monoclinous or hermaphrodite plants, having many stamens, or any
number above twenty, inserted in the receptacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*an"dri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Polyandrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*an"dric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<i>polyandrique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or characterized by,
polyandry; mating with several males.</def> "<i>Polyandric</i>
societies."  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*an"drous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Belonging to the class Polyandria; having many stamens, or any
number above twenty, inserted in the receptacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*an"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + Gr.
&?;, &?;, man, male: cf. F. <i>polyandrie</i>.] <def>The possession by
a woman of more than one husband at the same time; -- contrasted with
<i>monandry</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In law, this falls under the head of polygamy.</p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*an"thus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Polyanthuses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; rich in flowers;
<grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; flower.] [Written also
<i>polyanthos</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The oxlip.
So called because the peduncle bears a many-flowered umbel. See
<u>Oxlip</u>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A bulbous flowering plant of the
genus <i>Narcissus</i> (<i>N. Tazetta</i>, or <i>N. polyanthus</i> of
some authors). See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Narcissus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*ar`chist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
advocates polyarchy; -- opposed to <i>monarchist</i>.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*ar`chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>-archy</i>: cf. F. <i>polyarchie.</i> Cf. <u>Polarchy</u>.] <def>A
government by many persons, of whatever order or class.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*a*tom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>atomic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having more
than one atom in the molecule; consisting of several atoms.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having a valence greater than one.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*au*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-
</i> + <i>autography</i>.] <def>The act or practice of multiplying
copies of one's own handwriting, or of manuscripts, by printing from
stone, -- a species of lithography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*ba"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>basic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of neutralizing, or of
combining with, several molecules of a monacid base; having several
hydrogen atoms capable of being replaced by basic radicals; -- said of
certain acids; as, sulphuric acid is <i>polybasic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*ba"site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Polybasic</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An iron-black ore of silver,
consisting of silver, sulphur, and antimony, with some copper and
arsenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Poly-</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of Nudibranchiata including those which have numerous
branchi&aelig; on the back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*bro"mide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>bromide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bromide containing more than
one atom of bromine in the molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*car"pel*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Composed of several or numerous carpels; -- said of
such fruits as the orange.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pol`y*car"pic</hw> (?), <hw>Pol`y*car"pous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + Gr. &?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Bearing fruit repeatedly, or year after
year.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having several pistils in one
flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*ch&aelig;"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; hair.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the two principal groups of Ch&aelig;topoda. It includes
those that have prominent parapodia and fascicles of set&aelig;. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Parapodia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*chlo"ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>chloride</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A chloride containing more than
one atom of chlorine in the molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*ch&oelig;r"a*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; wide-ruling.] <def>A government by many chiefs, princes, or
rules.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; string, cord.] <def>Having many
strings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*chord</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A musical instrument of ten strings.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An apparatus for coupling two octave notes,
capable of being attached to a keyed instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*chrest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; useful for
many purposes; <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; useful, fr. &?; to use:
cf. F. <i>polychreste</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine that serves
for many uses, or that cures many diseases.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Polychrest salt</b></col> <i>(Old Med. Chem.)</i>,
<cd>potassium sulphate, specifically obtained by fusing niter with
sulphur.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*chro*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?; color.] <def>Same as <u>Pleochroism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*chro*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?; color: cf. F. <i>polychro&iuml;te</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The coloring matter of saffron; -- formerly so called because of
the change of color on treatment with certain acids; -- called also
<i>crocin</i>, and <i>safranin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*chro"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Polychromic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of a polychromic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*chro"mate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Polychromatic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound which exhibits,
or from which may be prepared, a variety of colors, as certain
solutions derived from vegetables, which display colors by
fluorescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*chro*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i>
+ <i>chromatic</i>.] <def>Showing a variety, or a change, of
colors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polychromatic acid</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
substance obtained by the action of nitric acid on aloes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + Gr.
&?; color.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Esculin; -- so called in allusion to
its fluorescent solutions.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*chrome</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>polychrome</i>.] <def>Executed in the manner of polychromy; as,
<i>polychrome</i> printing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*chro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
(sense 1) Gr. &?;, or (sense 2) <i>chromic</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Polychromatic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, any one of several acids (known only in their salts)
which contain more than one atom of chromium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*chro"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to polychromy; many-colored; polychromatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*chro`my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?; color.] <i>(Anc. Art)</i> <def>The art or practice of
combining different colors, especially brilliant ones, in an artistic
way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*chro"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i>
+ Gr. &?; for a long time, &?; time.] <def>Enduring through a long
time; chronic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*clin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>clinic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A clinic in which diseases of many
sorts are treated; especially, an institution in which clinical
instruction is given in all kinds of disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>conic</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or based upon, many
cones.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polyconic projection</b></col> <i>(Map Making)</i>, <cd>a
projection of the earth's surface, or any portion thereof, by which
each narrow zone is projected upon a conical surface that touches the
sphere along this zone, the conical surface being then unrolled. This
projection differs from <i>conic projection</i> in that latter assumes
but one cone for the whole map. Polyconic projection is that in use in
the United States coast and geodetic survey.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*cot`y*le"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i>
+ <i>cotyledon</i>: cf. F. <i>polycotyl&eacute;done</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant that has many, or more than two, cotyledons
in the seed.</def> -- <wf>Pol`y*cot`y*led"on*ous</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*cot`y*led"on*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Poly-</i> + <i>cotyledonary</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the
villi of the placenta collected into definite patches, or
cotyledons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>-cracy</i>, as in <i>democracy</i>.] <def>Government by many
rulers; polyarchy.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1110 !></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*crot"ic</hw> (p&obreve;l`&ibreve;*kr&obreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + Gr. <grk>krotei^n</grk> to beat.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to polycrotism; manifesting
polycrotism; as, a <i>polycrotic</i> pulse; a <i>polycrotic</i> pulse
curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyc"ro*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>That state or condition of the pulse in which the pulse curve, or
sphygmogram, shows several secondary crests or elevations; --
contrasted with <i>monocrotism</i> and <i>dicrotism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*cys"tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the
Polycystidea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the
Polycystina.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
Polycystidea, or the Polycystina.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*cys*tid"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Poly-</u>, and <u>Cystidea</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of Gregarin&aelig; including those that have two or more
internal divisions of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*cys*ti"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Poly-</u>, and <u>Cyst</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
Radiolaria including numerous minute marine species. The skeleton is
composed of silica, and is often very elegant in form and sculpture.
Many have been found in the fossil state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*cys"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Polycystina.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Polycystina.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*cyt*ta"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?;, dim. fr. &?; a hollow vessel.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Radiolaria. It includes those
having one more central capsules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*dac"tyl*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i>
+ Gr. &?; finger: cf. F. <i>polydactylisme</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The possession of more that the normal number of digits.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*dip"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>poly`s</grk> much + &?; thirst.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Excessive and
constant thirst occasioned by disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*e"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Polyhedron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*e"drous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Polyhedral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*ei"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + Gr.
&?; form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Passing through several distinct
larval forms; -- having several distinct kinds of young.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*ei"dism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The quality or state of being
polyeidic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*em"bry*o*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-
</i> + <i>embryonate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Consisting of, or
having, several embryos; polyembryonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*em`bry*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i>
+ <i>embryonic</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Polyembryonate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*em"bry*o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Poly-
</u>, and <u>Embryo</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The production of two or
more embryos in one seed, due either to the existence and
fertilization of more than one embryonic sac or to the origination of
embryos outside of the embryonic sac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*foil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>foil</i>, n.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Multifoil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po*lyg"a*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., milkwort, fr.
Gr. &?;; <grk>poly`s</grk> much + &?; milk.] <def>A genus of bitter
herbs or shrubs having eight stamens and a two-celled ovary (as the
Seneca snakeroot, the flowering wintergreen, etc.);
milkwort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*ga*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a natural order of plants (<i>Polygalace&aelig;</i>) of
which Polygala is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"a*lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, Polygala; specifically,
designating an acrid glucoside (called <i>polygalic acid</i>,
<i>senegin</i>, etc.), resembling, or possibly identical with,
<i>saponin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*ga"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Polygamous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
Linn&aelig;an class of plants, characterized by having both
hermaphrodite and unisexual flowers on the same plant.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A name given by Linn&aelig;us to file orders
of plants having syngenesious flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*ga"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Polygamous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"a*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>polygamiste</i>, <i>polygame</i>, Gr. &?;, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>One who practices polygamy, or maintains its
lawfulness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"a*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
practice polygamy; to marry several wives.</def>  <i>Sylvester.
Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; living
&?; polygamy; <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; marriage.  Cf.
<u>Bigamy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to polygamy; characterized
by, or involving, polygamy; having a plurality of wives; as,
<i>polygamous</i> marriages; -- opposed to
<i>monogamous</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pairing with more than
one female.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most deer, cattle, and sheep are
<i>polygamous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Polygamia;
bearing both hermaphrodite and unisexual flowers on the same
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; cf. F.
<i>polygamie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The having of a plurality
of wives or husbands at the same time; usually, the marriage of a man
to more than one woman, or the practice of having several wives, at
the same time; -- opposed to <i>monogamy</i>; as, the nations of the
East practiced <i>polygamy</i>. See the Note under <u>Bigamy</u>, and
cf. <u>Polyandry</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The state or habit of
having more than one mate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The condition or state of a
plant which bears both perfect and unisexual flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*gas"tri*an</hw>
(p&obreve;l`&ibreve;*g&abreve;s"tr&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Polygastrica.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*gas"tric</hw> (-tr&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Poly-</i> + <i>gastric</i>: cf. F. <i>polygastrique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having several bellies; --
applied to muscles which are made up of several bellies separated by
short tendons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
Polygastrica.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*gas"tric</hw>
(p&obreve;l`&ibreve;*g&abreve;s"tr&ibreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Polygastrica.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*gas"tri*ca</hw> (-tr&ibreve;*k&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL. So called because they were supposed to have
several stomachs, or digestive cavities.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Infusoria.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pol`y*gen"e*sis</hw> (-j&ebreve;n"&esl;*s&ibreve;s),
<hw>Po*lyg"e*ny</hw> (p&osl;*l&ibreve;j"&esl;*n&ybreve;), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + <i>genesis</i>, or root of Gr.
<grk>gi`gnesqai</grk> to be born.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The theory that
living organisms originate in cells or embryos of different kinds,
instead of coming from a single cell; -- opposed to
<i>monogenesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having many distinct sources; originating at
various places or times.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
polygenesis; polyphyletic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polygenetic mountain range</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>,
<cd>one which is composite, or consists of two or more monogenetic
ranges, each having had its own history of development.</cd>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*gen"ic</hw> (-j&ebreve;n"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or relating to polygeny; polygenetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"e*nism</hw> (p&osl;*l&ibreve;j"&esl;*n&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>polyg&eacute;nisme</i>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The doctrine that animals of the same species have
sprung from more than one original pair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"e*nist</hw> (-n&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One who maintains that animals of the same species
have sprung from more than one original pair; -- opposed to
<i>monogenist</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>-genous</i>: cf. Gr. &?; of many families.] <def>Consisting of, or
containing, many kinds; as, a <i>polygenous</i> mountain.</def>
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*glot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>poly`glwttos</grk> many-tongued; <grk>poly`s</grk> many +
<grk>glw^tta</grk>, <grk>glw^ssa</grk>, tongue, language: cf. F.
<i>polyglotte</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Containing, or made up,
of, several languages; as, a <i>polyglot</i> lexicon, Bible.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Versed in, or speaking, many
languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*glot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who speaks several languages.</def> [R.] "A <i>polyglot</i>,
or good linguist."  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A book containing several versions of the
same text, or containing the same subject matter in several languages;
esp., the Scriptures in several languages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Enriched by the publication of
<i>polyglots</i>.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Newcome.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*glot"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Polyglot</u>.] <def>Speaking many languages; polyglot.</def> [R.]
"The <i>polyglottous</i> tribes of America."  <i>Max
M&uuml;ller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>poly`gwnos</grk> polygonal; <grk>poly`s</grk> many +
<grk>gwni`a</grk> angle: cf. F. <i>polygone</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>A plane figure having many angles, and consequently many sides;
esp., one whose perimeter consists of more than four sides; any figure
having many angles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polygon of forces</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a polygonal
figure, the sides of which, taken successively, represent, in length
and direction, several forces acting simultaneously upon one point, so
that the side necessary to complete the figure represents the
resultant of those forces.  Cf. <i>Parallelogram of forces</i>, under
<u>Parallelogram</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*go*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Polygonum</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a natural
order of apetalous plants (<i>Polygonace&aelig;</i>), of which the
knotweeds (species of <i>Polygonum</i>) are the type, and which
includes also the docks (<i>Rumex</i>), the buckwheat, rhubarb, sea
grape (<i>Coccoloba</i>), and several other genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having many
angles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polygonal numbers</b></col>, <cd>certain figurate numbers.
See under <u>Figurate</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*go*neu"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?; offspring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having two or more broods
in a season.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*go*nom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Polygon</i> +  <i>-metry</i>.] <def>The doctrine of polygons; an
extension of some of the principles of trigonometry to the case of
polygons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Polygonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po*lyg"o*num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a kind of plant; <grk>poly`s</grk> many + <grk>go`ny</grk> the knee, a
joint of a plant. So called in allusion to the numerous joints.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants embracing a large number of
species, including bistort, knotweed, smartweed, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus Polygonum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*gor"di*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Poly-</u>, and <u>Gordius</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
marine annelids, believed to be an ancient or ancestral type. It is
remarkable for its simplicity of structure and want of parapodia. It
is the type of the order Archiannelida, or Gymnotoma. See <u>Loeven's
larva</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; marked with
many stripes; <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; a line.] <def>A figure
consisting of many lines.</def> [R.]  <i>Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; writing
much; <grk>poly`s</grk> much, many + &?; to write: cf. F.
<i>polygraphe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for
multiplying copies of a writing; a manifold writer; a copying
machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In bibliography, a collection of different
works, either by one or several authors.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pol`y*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pol`y*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>polygraphique</i>.] <def>Pertaining
to, or employed in, polygraphy; as, a <i>polygraphic</i>
instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done with a polygraph; as, a
<i>polygraphic</i> copy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>poly`s</grk> much + <grk>gra`fein</grk> to write:  cf. F.
<i>polygraphie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Much writing; writing of
many books.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of writing in various ciphers, and
of deciphering the same.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The art or practice of using a
polygraph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*grooved`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>groove</i>.] <def>Having many grooves; as, a <i>polygrooved</i>
rifle or gun (referring to the rifling).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*gyn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>polygyne</i>. See <u>Polygyny</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of
the order Polygynia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*gyn"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Polygyny</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an order of plants
having many styles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pol`y*gyn"i*an</hw> (?), <hw>Po*lyg"y*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having many styles; belonging
to the order Polygynia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"y*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices or advocates polygyny.</def>  <i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyg"y*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + Gr.
&?; woman, wife.] <def>The state or practice of having several wives
at the same time; marriage to several wives.</def>  <i>H.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*ha"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?; salt.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral usually occurring in
fibrous masses, of a brick-red color, being tinged with iron, and
consisting chiefly of the sulphates of lime, magnesia, and
soda.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pol`y*he"dral</hw> (?), <hw>Pol`y*hed"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Polyhedron</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>Having many sides, as a solid body.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polyhedral angle</b></col>, <cd>an angle bounded by three
or more plane angles having a common vertex.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Polyhedrons</b></plw>. (#), L. <plw><b>Polyhedra</b></plw>
(#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; with many seats or sides; <grk>poly`s</grk>
many + &?; a seat or side: cf. F. <i>poly&egrave;dre</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A body or solid contained by
many sides or planes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A polyscope, or multiplying
glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*he"drous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Polyhedral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*his"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; very
learned.] <def>One versed in various learning.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*hym"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
&?;; <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; hymn.] <i>(Anc. Myth.)</i> <def>The
Muse of lyric poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*i"o*dide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A iodide having more than one atom of iodine in the
molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyl"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>poly`s</grk> much + &?; discourse.] <def>Talkativeness.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Po*lyl"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
L. <i>loquens</i>, p. pr. of <i>logui</i> to speak.] <def>Garrulous;
loquacious.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*mas"tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?; a breast.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The condition of having more
than two mamm&aelig;, or breasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*math"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>polymathique</i>. See <u>Polymathy</u>.] <def>Pertaining to
polymathy; acquainted with many branches of learning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lym"a*thist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed
in many sciences; a person of various learning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lym"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>poly`s</grk> much + &?;, &?;, to learn.] <def>The knowledge of
many arts and sciences; variety of learning.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*me*nis"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Poly-
</u>, and <u>Meniscus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having numerous
facets; -- said of the compound eyes of insects and
crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Polymeric</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of two or more
substances related to each other by polymerism; specifically, a
substance produced from another substance by chemical
polymerization.</def> [Formerly also written polymere.]</p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*mer"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + Gr.
&?; part.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having the same percentage composition
(that is, having the same elements united in the same proportion by
weight), but different molecular weights; -- often used with
<i>with</i>; thus, cyanic acid (CNOH), fulminic acid
(C<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>), and cyanuric
acid (C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub>), are
<i>polymeric</i> with each other.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The figures expressing the number of atoms of each element
in a number of polymeric substances are respectively multiples and
factors of each other, or have some simple common divisor. The
relation may be merely a numerical one, as in the example given above,
or a chemical one, as in the case of aldehyde, paraldehyde, and
metaldehyde.</p>

<p><hw>Po*lym"er*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The state, quality, or relation of two or
more polymeric substances.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act or
process of forming polymers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*mer`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of changing to a polymeric
form; the condition resulting from such change.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*mer*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To cause polymerization of; to produce polymers from; to increase
the molecular weight of, without changing the atomic proportions;
thus, certain acids <i>polymerize</i> aldehyde.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*mer*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To change into another substance having the same atomic
proportions, but a higher molecular weight; to undergo polymerization;
thus, aldehyde <i>polymerizes</i> in forming paraldehyde.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lym"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having many parts or members in each set.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Polymeric.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Po*lym"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Polyhymnia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ym*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; full of
moss; <grk>poly`s</grk> much + &?; moss.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A stone
marked with dendrites and black lines, and so disposed as to represent
rivers, marshes, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; multiform;
<grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; form: cf. F. <i>polymorphe</i>.]
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A substance capable of crystallizing in
several distinct forms; also, any one of these forms.  Cf.
<u>Allomorph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Polymorphous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Pleomorphism</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
capability of assuming different forms; the capability of widely
varying in form.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Existence in many
forms; the coexistence, in the same locality, of two or more distinct
forms independent of sex, not connected by intermediate gradations,
but produced from common parents.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*mor*pho"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Poly-</u>, and <u>Morphosis</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
assumption of several structural forms without a corresponding
difference in function; -- said of sponges, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having, or assuming, a variety of forms,
characters, or styles; as, a <i>polymorphous</i> author.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having, or occurring in,
several distinct forms; -- opposed to <i>monomorphic</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1111 !></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*mor`phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Existence in
many forms; polymorphism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po`ly-moun"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Poly</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The closely
related <i>Teucrium montanum</i>, formerly called <i>Polium
montanum</i>, a plant of Southern Europe.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The <i>Bartsia alpina</i>, a low purple-flowered herb of
Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*my"o*d&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Polymyoid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Oscines</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*my"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Polymyoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lym"y*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + Gr.
&?;, &?;, muscle + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having
numerous vocal muscles; of or pertaining to the
Polymyod&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*neme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + Gr.
&?; thread.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
tropical food fishes of the family <i>Polynemid&aelig;</i>. They have
several slender filaments, often very long, below the pectoral fin.
Some of them yield isinglass of good quality. Called also
<i>threadfish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*ne"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Polyneme</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
polynemes, or the family <i>Polynemid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*ne"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Polynesia (the islands of the eastern and central
Pacific), or to the Polynesians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*ne"sians</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Polynesian</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>The race of
men native in Polynesia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyn"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>poluineia</i> a warm place in water, i. e., a place which does not
freeze.] <def>The open sea supposed to surround the north pole.</def>
<i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*no"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>-nomial</i>, as in <i>monomial</i>, <i>binomial</i>: cf. F.
<i>polyn&ocirc;me</i>.] <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>An expression composed of
two or more terms, connected by the signs <i>plus</i> or <i>minus</i>;
as, <i>a<sup>2</sup> - 2ab + b<sup>2</sup></i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*no"mi*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Containing many names or terms; multinominal; as, the
<i>polynomial</i> theorem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of two or more words; having
names consisting of two or more words; as, a <i>polynomial</i> name;
<i>polynomial</i> nomenclature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*nu"cle*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>nuclear</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Containing many nuclei.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*nu*cle"o*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i>
+ <i>nucleolar</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having more than one
nucleolus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*om"ma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, the eye.] <def>Having many eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*on"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, name: cf. Gr. &?;.] <def>Having many names or titles;
polyonymous.</def>  <i>Sir W. Jones.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*on"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?; a
multitude of names.] <def>The use of a variety of names for the same
object.</def>  <i>G. S. Faber.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*o*nym</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An object which has a variety of names.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A polynomial name or term.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*on"y*mous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Polyonomous.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pol`y*op"tron</hw> (?), <hw>Pol`y*op"trum</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?;
seen.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A glass through which objects appear
multiplied, but diminished in size.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*o*ra"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?; a sight, view.] <def>A view of many objects; also, a sort of
panorama with dissolving views.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"yp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>polypus</i>, Gr.
&?;, &?;, literally, many-footed; <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?;, &?;,
foot: cf. F. <i>polype</i>. See <u>Poly-</u> and <u>Foot</u>, and cf.
<u>Polypode</u>, <u>Polypody</u>, <u>Poulp</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the feeding or nutritive zooids of a
hydroid or coral.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the
Anthozoa.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>Same as
<u>Anthozoa</u>. See <u>Anthozoa</u>, <u>Madreporaria</u>,
<u>Hydroid</u>.</def> [Written also <i>polype</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Fresh-water polyp</b></col>, <cd>the hydra.</cd> --
<col><b>Polyp stem</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>that portion of
the stem of a siphonophore which bears the polypites, or feeding
zooids.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyp"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + L.
<i>parere</i> to produce.] <def>Producing or bearing a great number;
bringing forth many.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*pa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Polyparies</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Polyp</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Polypidom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"ype</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Polyp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*pe"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a polyp, or polyps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*pe*ryth"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Polyp</i>
+ Gr. &?; red.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A coloring matter found
in many simple Anthozoa and some hydroids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Consisting of, or having, several or
many separate petals; as, a <i>polypetalous</i> corolla, flower, or
plant.</def>  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>polyphagus</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>poly`s</grk> much, many + &?; to eat:
cf. F. <i>polyphage</i>.] <def>Eating, or subsisting on, many kinds of
food; as, <i>polyphagous</i> animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyph""a*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice
or faculty of subsisting on many kinds of food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*phar"ma*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?; the using of medicine, fr. &?; medicine: cf. F.
<i>polypharmacie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act
or practice of prescribing too many medicines.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A prescription made up of many medicines or
ingredients.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*phe"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Polyphemus</i> the one-eyed Cyclops who was blinded by Ulysses.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large American moth (<i>Telea
polyphemus</i>) belonging to the Silkworm family
(<i>Bombycid&aelig;</i>). Its larva, which is very large, bright
green, with silvery tubercles, and with oblique white stripes on the
sides, feeds on the oak, chestnut, willow, cherry, apple, and other
trees. It produces a large amount of strong silk. Called also
<i>American silkworm</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A character or
vocal sign representing more than one sound, as <i>read</i>, which is
pronounced <i>r&emacr;d</i> or <i>r&ebreve;d</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; sound: cf. F. <i>polyphone</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a multiplicity of sounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by polyphony; as, Assyrian
<i>polyphonic</i> characters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Consisting of several tone
series, or melodic parts, progressing simultaneously according to the
laws of counterpoint; contrapuntal; as, a <i>polyphonic</i>
composition; -- opposed to <i>homophonic</i>, or
<i>monodic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyph"o*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Polyphony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyph"o*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A proficient in the art of multiplying sounds;
a ventriloquist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A master of polyphony; a
contrapuntist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyph"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Polyphonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyph"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Multiplicity of sounds, as in the
reverberations of an echo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plurality of sounds and articulations
expressed by the same vocal sign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Composition in mutually
related, equally important parts which share the melody among them;
contrapuntal composition; -- opposed to <i>homophony</i>, in which the
melody is given to one part only, the others filling out the harmony.
See <u>Counterpoint</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + Gr.
&?; to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A receptacle which bears many
ovaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*phy*let"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?; clan.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or characterized by,
descent from more than one root form, or from many different root
forms; polygenetic; -- opposed to <i>monophyletic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Many-leaved;
as, a <i>polyphyllous</i> calyx or perianth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol"y*pi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Anthozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*pide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the ordinary zooids of the Bryozoa.</def> [Spellt also
<i>polypid</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Po*lyp"i*dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Polypus</i> +
L. <i>domus</i> house.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A coral, or corallum;
also, one of the coral-like structure made by bryozoans and
hydroids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po`ly`pier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
polypidom.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*pif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Anthozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol*y*pif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Polypus</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bearing polyps, or
polypites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*pip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Polypus</i>
+ L. <i>parere</i> to produce.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing
polyps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*pite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the feeding
zooids, or polyps, of a coral, hydroid, or siphonophore; a hydranth.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Campanularian</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Sometimes, the manubrium of a hydroid medusa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil coral.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*pla*coph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Poly-</u>, and <u>Placophora</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Placophora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>-plastic</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Assuming, or having the power of
assuming, many forms; as, a <i>polyplastic</i> element which does not
preserve its original shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*pode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>polypode</i>. See <u>Polypody</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of
the genus <i>Polypodium</i>; polypody.</def> [Written also
<i>polypod</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*pode</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, the wood
louse, milleped: cf. F. <i>polypode</i>. See <u>Polyp</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal having many feet; a
myriapod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*po`di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
dim. of &?;. See <u>Polyp</u>, and cf. 2d <u>Polypode</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants of the order <i>Filices</i> or
ferns. The fructifications are in uncovered roundish points, called
<i>sori</i>, scattered over the inferior surface of the frond or leaf.
There are numerous species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*po`dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus <i>Polypodium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*poid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Polyp</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like a polyp;
having the nature of a polyp, but lacking the tentacles or other
parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Resembling a polypus in
appearance; having a character like that of a polypus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*po*me*du"s&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>Polyp</u>, and <u>Medusa</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Hydrozoa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyp"o*rous</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i>
+ <i>porous</i>.] <def>Having many pores.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Po*lyp"o*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Polypori</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>poly`s</grk> many +
&?; a pore.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of fungi having the under
surface full of minute pores; also, any fungus of this
genus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Polyporus fomentarius</i> was formerly dried and cut in
slices for tinder, called <i>amadou</i>. <i>P. betulinus</i> is common
in America, and forms very large thick white semicircular excrescences
on birch trees. Several species of <i>Polyporous</i> are considered
edible.</p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>polypeux</i>. See <u>Polyp</u>.] <def>Of the nature of a polypus;
having many feet or roots, like the polypus; affected with
polypus.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pol`y*prag*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pol`y*prag*mat"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + <i>pragmatic</i>, <i>-
ical</i>.] <def>Overbusy; officious.</def> [R.]  <i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*prag"ma*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?; business.] <def>The state of being overbusy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*pro`to*don"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; first + &?;, &?;, tooth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of marsupials in which there are
more fore incisor teeth in each jaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po*lyp`te*roi"de*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Polypterus</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
suborder of existing ganoid fishes having numerous fins along the
back. The bichir, or Polypterus, is the type. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Crossopterygian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyp`te*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; feather, wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An African genus of ganoid fishes including the bichir.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`yp*to"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
having, or being in, many cases; <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; case.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by which a word is repeated in different
forms, cases, numbers, genders, etc., as in Tennyson's line, -- "My
own heart's heart, and ownest own, farewell."</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Polypuses</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Polypi</b></plw> (#). [L.
See <u>Polyp</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Polyp</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor, usually with a
narrow base, somewhat resembling a pear, -- found in the nose, uterus,
etc., and produced by hypertrophy of some portion of the mucous
membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*rhi"zous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; root.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having numerous
roots, or rootlets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*sche"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i>
+ Gr. &?; form, manner.] <def>Having, or existing in, many different
forms or fashions; multiform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; farseeing;
<grk>poly`s</grk> much, many + &?; to view: cf. F. <i>polyscope</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A glass which makes a single
object appear as many; a multiplying glass.</def>  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An apparatus for affording a
view of the different cavities of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*sep"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>sepal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the sepals separate from each
other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*si*lic"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>silicic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to compounds
formed by the condensation of two or more molecules of silicic
acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polysilicic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>any one of a
series of acids formed by the condensation of two or more molecules of
silicic acid, with elimination of water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*spast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>polyspaston</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; drawn by several cords;
<grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; to draw: cf. F. <i>polyspaste</i>.]
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A machine consisting of many pulleys;
specifically, an apparatus formerly used for reducing
luxations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*sper"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Containing many
seeds; as, a <i>polyspermous</i> capsule or berry.</def>
<i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*sper`my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Fullness of sperm, or seed; the passage of more than one
spermatozo&ouml;n into the vitellus in the impregnation of the
ovum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*spor"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Containing many spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*stom"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?;, &?;, mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of trematode worms having more two suckers. Called
also <i>Polystomea</i> and <i>Polystoma</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*stome</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; many-
mouthed; <grk>poly`s</grk> + <grk>sto`ma</grk> mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having many mouths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*stome</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An animal having many mouths; -- applied to Protozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; with many
columns; <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; column: cf. F.
<i>polystyle</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having many columns; -- said of
a building, especially of an interior part or court; as, a
<i>polystyle</i> hall.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A polystyle
hall or edifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>sulphide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sulphide having more than one
atom of sulphur in the molecule; -- contrasted with
<i>monosulphide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*sul"phu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A polysulphide.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pol`y*syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pol`y*syl*lab"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?;
syllable: cf. F. <i>polysyllabique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to a
polysyllable; containing, or characterized by, polysyllables;
consisting of more than three syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*syl*lab"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Polysyllabism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*syl`la*bic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Polysyllabism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*syl"la*bism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being polysyllabic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*syl`la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>syllable</i>.] <def>A word of many syllables, or consisting of more
syllables than three; -- words of less than four syllables being
called <i>monosyllables</i>, <i>dissyllables</i>, and
<i>trisyllables</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*syn*det"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characterized by polysyndeton, or the multiplication of
conjunctions.</def> -- <wf>Pol`y*syn*det"ic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*syn"de*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; bound together, fr. &?; to bind
together; &?; with + &?; to bind.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by
which the conjunction is often repeated, as in the sentence, "We have
ships and men and money and stores." Opposed to
<i>asyndeton</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*syn"the*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i>
+ <i>synthesis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
combining many separate elements into a whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>The formation of a word by
the combination of several simple words, as in the aboriginal
languages of America; agglutination.</def>  <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*syn*thet"ic</hw> (-s&ibreve;n*th&ebreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + <i>synthetic</i>.]
<def>Characterized by polysynthesis; agglutinative.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polysynthetic twinning</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>repeated twinning, like that of the triclinic feldspar, producing
fine parallel bands in alternately reversed positions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*syn*thet"i*cism</hw> (-&ibreve;*s&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Polysynthesis.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1112 !></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*tech"nic</hw>
(p&obreve;l`&ibreve;*t&ebreve;k"n&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>poly`technos</grk>; <grk>poly`s</grk> many + <grk>te`chnh</grk>
an art: cf. F. <i>polytechnique</i>.] <def>Comprehending, or relating
to, many arts and sciences; -- applied particularly to schools in
which many branches of art and science are taught with especial
reference to their practical application; also to exhibitions of
machinery and industrial products.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*tech"nic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Polytechnic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*tech"nics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
of the mechanic arts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*tha*la"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Polythalamous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
Foraminifera including those having a manychambered shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*thal"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i>
+ Gr. &?; a chamber.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Many-chambered; --
applied to shells of Foraminifera and cephalopods. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Nautilus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*the*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?; cf. F. <i>polyth&eacute;isme</i>.] <def>The doctrine of, or
belief in, a plurality of gods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the Old Testament, the gradual development of
<i>polytheism</i> from the primitive monotheism may be
learned.</blockquote> <i>Shaff-Herzog.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*the*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>polyth&eacute;iste</i>.] <def>One who believes in, or maintains the
doctrine of, a plurality of gods.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pol`y*the*is"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Pol`y*the*is"tic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to polytheism;
characterized by polytheism; professing or advocating polytheism; as,
<i>polytheistic</i> worship; a <i>polytheistic</i> author, or
nation.</def> -- <wf>Pol`y*the*is"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*the*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To adhere
to, advocate, or inculcate, the doctrine of polytheism.</def>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*the"lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. <grk>qhlh`</grk> a nipple.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The condition of
having more than two teats, or nipples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyt"o*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; offspring.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing fruit repeatedly, as most perennial plants;
polycarpic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing many or
young.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyt"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
Gr. &?; a cutting, fr. &?; to cut.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Subdivided into
many distinct subordinate parts, which, however, not being jointed to
the petiole, are not true leaflets; -- said of leaves.</def>
<i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyt"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>A division into many members.</def>  <i>F. Bowen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*tung"state</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A salt of
polytungstic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*tung"stic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Containing several tungsten atoms or radicals; as,
<i>polytungstic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polytungstic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several complex acids of tungsten containing more than one atom of
tungsten.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + <i>-
type</i>.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A cast, or facsimile copy, of an
engraved block, matter in type, etc. (see citation); as, a
<i>polytype</i> in relief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By pressing the wood cut into semifluid metal, an
intaglio matrix is produced: and from this matrix, in a similar way, a
<i>polytype</i> in relief is obtained.</blockquote>
<i>Hansard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*type</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to polytypes; obtained by polytyping; as, a
<i>polytype</i> plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*type</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Polytyped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Polytyping</u> (?).] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To produce a polytype of;
as, to <i>polytype</i> an engraving.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*u"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Poly-
</u>, and <u>Urine</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A persistently excessive
flow of watery urine, with low specific gravity and without the
presence of either albumin or sugar. It is generally accompanied with
more or less thirst.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lyv"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> + L.
<i>valens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Valent</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Multivalent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"yve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Polive</u>.]
<def>A pulley.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>poly`s</grk> many + &?; an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Bryozoa</u>. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Bryozoa</u>, and
<u>Phylactol&aelig;mata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*zo"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any species of Polyzoa; one of the
Polyzoa.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A polyzo&ouml;n.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*zo*a"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Polyzoaria</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Polyzoary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*zo"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The compound organism of a
polyzoan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol`y*zon"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>zonal</i>.] <def>Consisting of many zones or rings.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polyzonal lens</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>a lens made up
of pieces arranged zones or rings, -- used in the lanterns of
lighthouses.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pol`y*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Polyzoa</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Polyzoan</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the individual zooids forming the
compound organism of a polyzoan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom"ace</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ponum</i> a
fruit, LL., an apple: cf. LL. <i>pomagium</i>, <i>pomacium</i>.]
<def>The substance of apples, or of similar fruit, crushed by
grinding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po`ma*cen"troid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a cover
+ &?; a prickle + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
the <i>Pomacentrid&aelig;</i>, a family of bright-colored tropical
fishes having spiny opercula; -- often called <i>coral
fishes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*ma"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>ponum</i> an
apple.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Like
an apple or pear; producing pomes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of
or pertaining to a suborder (<i>Pome&aelig;</i>) of rosaceous plants,
which includes the true thorn trees, the quinces, service berries,
medlars, and loquats, as well as the apples, pears, crabs,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like pomace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*made"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pommade</i>
pomatum, OF. <i>pomade</i> cider (cf. Sp. <i>pomada</i>, It.
<i>pomata</i>, LL. <i>pomata</i> a drink made of apples), from L.
<i>pomum</i> fruit, LL., an apple.  Cf. <u>Pomatum</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cider.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Perfumed ointment; esp., a fragrant unguent
for the hair; pomatum; -- originally made from apples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*man"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>poma</i>.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A perfume to be carried with one, often in
the form of a ball.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A box to contain
such perfume, formerly carried by ladies, as at the end of a chain; --
more properly <i>pomander box</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"ma*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a lid + &?;,
&?;, nose.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the nostril covered with a
scale.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pomarine jager</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a North
Atlantic jager (<i>Stercorarius pomarinus</i>) having the elongated
middle tail feathers obtuse. The adult is black.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Po*ma"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pomade</u>.]
<def>A perfumed unguent or composition, chiefly used in dressing the
hair; pomade.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*ma"tum</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dress with
pomatum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pomum</i> a fruit:
cf. F. <i>pomme</i> apple.  Cf. <u>Pomade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fruit composed of several cartilaginous or bony
carpels inclosed in an adherent fleshy mass, which is partly
receptacle and partly calyx, as an apple, quince, or pear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A ball of silver or
other metal, which is filled with hot water, and used by the priest in
cold weather to warm his hands during the service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pome</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pommer</i>. See
<u>Pome</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To grow to a head, or form a
head in growing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pome"gran`ate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>pomgarnet</i>, OF. <i>pome de grenate</i>, F. <i>grenade</i>, L.
<i>pomum</i> a fruit + <i>granatus</i> grained, having many grains or
seeds. See <u>Pome</u>, and <u>Garnet</u>, <u>Grain</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of the tree <i>Punica
Granatum</i>; also, the tree itself (see <u>Balaustine</u>), which is
native in the Orient, but is successfully cultivated in many warm
countries, and as a house plant in colder climates. The fruit is as
large as an orange, and has a hard rind containing many rather large
seeds, each one separately covered with crimson, acid pulp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A carved or embroidered ornament resembling
a pomegranate.</def>  <i>Ex. xxviii. 33.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pom"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pommel.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pom"e*lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Pompelmous</u>.] <def>A variety of shaddock, called also <i>grape
fruit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pome"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>pomel&eacute;</i>, F. <i>pommel&eacute;</i>. See <u>Pome</u>.]
<def>Dappled.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Pomely</i> gray."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pom`e*ra"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Pomerania, a province of Prussia on the Baltic
Sea.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Pomerania.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pomeranian dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the loup-
loup, or Spitz dog.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pome"wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
sweet, juicy apple.</def> [Written also <i>pomwater</i>.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pom"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pomeys</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>pomm&eacute;</i> grown round, or
like an apple, p. p. of <i>pommer</i> to pome.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A
figure supposed to resemble an apple; a roundel, -- always of a green
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom"fret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps corrupt. fr.
Pg. <i>pampano</i> a kind of fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of two or more species of marine food
fishes of the genus <i>Stromateus</i> (<i>S. niger</i>, <i>S.
argenteus</i>) native of Southern Europe and Asia.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A marine food fish of Bermuda (<i>Brama
Raji</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*mif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pomifer</i>; <i>pomum</i> fruit + <i>ferre</i> to bear: cf. F.
<i>pomif&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Bearing pomes, or applelike fruits.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Bearing fruits, or excrescences, more or less resembling an
apple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom"mage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pomage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pom`m&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Pomey</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having the ends terminating in
rounded protuberances or single balls; -- said of a cross.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pomme` blanche"</hw> (?). [F., literally, white apple.]
<def>The prairie turnip. See under <u>Prairie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pomel</i>, OF.
<i>pomel</i>, F. <i>pommeau</i>, LL. <i>pomellus</i>, fr. L.
<i>pomum</i> fruit, LL. also, an apple. See <u>Pome</u>.] <def>A knob
or ball; an object resembling a ball in form</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The knob on the hilt of a sword.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The knob or protuberant part
of a saddlebow.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The top (of the
head).</def> <i>Chaucer.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A knob forming
the finial of a turret or pavilion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom"mel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pommeled</u> (?) or <u>Pommelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Pommeling</u> or <u>Pommelling</u>.] <def>To beat
soundly, as with the pommel of a sword, or with something knoblike;
hence, to beat with the fists.</def> [Written also <i>pummel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pom*mel"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pommel</u>:
cf. LL. <i>pomilio</i> pygmy.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The cascabel, or
hindmost knob, of a cannon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pom`met`t&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Having two balls or protuberances at each end; -- said of a
cross.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po`mo*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pomologique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to pomology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*mol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
pomology; one who culticvates fruit trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pomum</i>
fruit + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>pomologie</i>.] <def>The science of
fruits; a treatise on fruits; the cultivation of fruits and fruit
trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*mo"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from <i>pomum</i>
fruit.] <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The goddess of fruits and fruit
trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pomp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pompe</i>, F.
<i>pompe</i>, L. <i>pompa</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a sending, a solemn
procession, pomp, fr. &?; to send.  Cf. <u>Pump</u> a shoe.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A procession distinguished by ostentation and
splendor; a pageant.</def> "All the <i>pomps</i> of a Roman triumph."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Show of magnificence; parade; display;
power.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Display; parade; pageant; pageantry; splendor;
state; magnificence; ostentation; grandeur; pride.</p>

<p><hw>Pomp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a pompons
display; to conduct.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pom"pa*dour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A crimson or
pink color; also, a style of dress cut low and square in the neck;
also, a mode of dressing the hair by drawing it straight back from the
forehead over a roll; -- so called after the Marchioness de
<i>Pompadour</i> of France. Also much used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom"pa*no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>p&aacute;mpano</i>.] [Written also <i>pampano</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any one of several species
of marine fishes of the genus <i>Trachynotus</i>, of which four
species are found on the Atlantic coast of the United States; --
called also <i>palometa</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have a brilliant silvery or golden luster, and are
highly esteemed as food fishes. The round pompano (<i>T.
thomboides</i>) and the Carolina pompano (<i>T. Carolinus</i>) are the
most common. Other species occur on the Pacific coast.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A California harvest fish (<i>Stromateus
simillimus</i>), highly valued as a food fish.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pompano shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
bivalve shell of the genus <i>Donax</i>; -- so called because eaten by
the pompano.</cd> [Florida]</p>

<p><hw>Pom*pat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pompaticus</i>.] <def>Pompous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pom"pel*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pompelmouses</b></plw> (#). [D. <i>pompelmoes</i>; cf. G.
<i>pompelmuse</i>, F. <i>pamplemousse</i>, and F.
<i>pompol&eacute;on</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A shaddock, esp. one of
large size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pompette</i>.]
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>The ball formerly used to ink the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom"pho*lyx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; a
bubble, the slag on the surface of smelted ore, from &?; a blister.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Impure zinc
oxide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A skin disease in which there
is an eruption of bull&aelig;, without inflammation or
fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom*pil"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ointment or
pomatum made of black poplar buds.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pom"pi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pompon</i>.
See <u>Pumpkin</u>.] <def>See <u>Pumpion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom"pire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pomum</i> a
fruit, LL. also, an apple + <i>pirum</i> a pear.] <def>A
pearmain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pom*po"le*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Pompelmous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom"pon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any trifling ornament for a woman's dress or bonnet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A tuft or ball of wool, or
the like, sometimes worn by soldiers on the front of the hat, instead
of a feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom*pos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pomposities</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The quality or state of
being pompous; pompousness.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pom*po"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Grand and dignified; in grand style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pomp"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>pompeux</i>, L.
<i>pomposus</i>. See <u>Pomp</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Displaying
pomp; stately; showy with grandeur; magnificent; as, a <i>pompous</i>
procession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ostentatious; pretentious; boastful;
vainlorious; as, <i>pompous</i> manners; a <i>pompous</i> style.</def>
"<i>Pompous</i> in high presumption."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>he <i>pompous</i> vanity of the old
schoolmistress.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pom"ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pomp"ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pomp"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pontine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom"wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pomewater</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon"cho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ponchos</b></plw> (&?;). [Sp.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind
of cloak worn by the Spanish Americans, having the form of a blanket,
with a slit in the middle for the head to pass through.  A kind of
<i>poncho</i> made of rubber or painted cloth is used by the mounted
troops in the United States service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trade name for camlets, or stout
worsteds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably originally, an
inclosed body of water, and the same word as <i>pound</i>. See
<u>Pound</u> an inclosure.] <def>A body of water, naturally or
artificially confined, and usually of less extent than a lake.</def>
"Through <i>pond</i> or pool."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pond hen</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the American
coot. See <u>Coot</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pond
lily</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the water lily. See under
<u>Water</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Nymph&aelig;a</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pond snail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any gastropod
living in fresh-water ponds or lakes. The most common kinds are air-
breathing snails (<i>Pulmonifera</i>) belonging to Limn&aelig;a,
Physa, Planorbis, and allied genera. The operculated species are
pectinibranchs, belonging to <i>Melantho</i>, <i>Valvata</i>, and
various other genera.</cd> -- <col><b>Pond spice</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American shrub (<i>Tetranthera geniculata</i>)
of the Laurel family, with small oval leaves, and axillary clusters of
little yellow flowers. The whole plant is spicy. It grows in ponds and
swamps from Virginia to Florida.</cd> -- <col><b>Pond
tortoise</b></col>, <col><b>Pond turtle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any freshwater tortoise of the family <i>Emydid&aelig;</i>.
Numerous species are found in North America.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1113 !></p>

<p><hw>Pond</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make into a
pond; to collect, as water, in a pond by damming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pond</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Ponder</u>.] <def>To
ponder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pleaseth you, <i>pond</i> your suppliant's
plaint.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pondered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pondering</u>.] [L. <i>ponderare</i>, fr. <i>pondus</i>,
<i>ponderis</i>, a weight, fr. <i>pendere</i> to weigh: cf. F.
<i>pond&eacute;rer</i>. See <u>Pendant</u>, and cf.  <u>Pound</u> a
weight.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To weigh.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To weigh in the mind; to view with
deliberation; to examine carefully; to consider attentively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ponder</i> the path of thy feet.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. iv. 26.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To <u>Ponder</u>, <u>Consider</u>, <u>Muse</u>.  To
<i>consider</i> means to view or contemplate with fixed thought. To
<i>ponder</i> is to dwell upon with long and anxious attention, with a
view to some practical result or decision. To <i>muse</i> is simply to
think upon continuously with no definite object, or for the pleasure
it gives. We <i>consider</i> any subject which is fairly brought
before us; we <i>ponder</i> a concern involving great interests; we
<i>muse</i> on the events of childhood.</p>

<p><hw>Pon"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To think; to
deliberate; to muse; -- usually followed by <i>on</i> or
<i>over</i>.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon`der*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pond&eacute;rabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of
being ponderable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon"der*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ponderabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>pond&eacute;rable</i>.] <def>Capable of
being weighed; having appreciable weight.</def> --
<wf>Pon"der*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pon"der*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pond&eacute;ral</i>.] <def>Estimated or ascertained by weight; --
distinguished from <i>numeral</i>; as, a <i>ponderal</i>
drachma.</def> [R.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon"der*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ponderans</i>, p. pr. of <i>ponderare</i> to weigh: cf. OF.
<i>ponderant</i> of weight.] <def>Weight; gravity.</def> [R.]
<i>Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon"der*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to weight; as, a <i>ponderary</i> system.</def> [R.]
<i>M'Culloch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon"der*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ponderatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ponderare</i>. See <u>Ponder</u>.]
<def>To consider; to ponder.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pon"der*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have weight
or influence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pon`der*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ponderatio</i>: cf. F. <i>pond&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>The act of
weighing.</def> [R.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ponders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon"der*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deliberating.</def>
-- <wf>Pon"der*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pon`der*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ponderosities</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>ponderosit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The quality or state of being ponderous; weight; gravity;
heaviness, ponderousness; as, the <i>ponderosity</i> of gold.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon"der*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ponderosus</i>, from <i>pondus</i>, <i>-eris</i>, a weight: cf. F.
<i>pond&eacute;reux</i>. See <u>Ponder</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Very heavy; weighty; as, a <i>ponderous</i> shield; a
<i>ponderous</i> load; the <i>ponderous</i> elephant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sepulcher . . . <BR>
Hath oped his <i>ponderous</i> and marble jaws.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Important; momentous; forcible.</def> "Your
more <i>ponderous</i> and settled project."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Heavy; dull; wanting; lightless or spirit;
as, a <i>ponderous</i> style; a <i>ponderous</i> joke.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ponderous spar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>heavy spar, or
barytes. See <u>Barite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pon"der*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a ponderous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon"der*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being ponderous; ponderosity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pond"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of American fresh-water fishes
belonging to the family <i>Centrarchid&aelig;</i>; -- called also
<i>pond perch</i>, and <i>sunfish</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common pondfish of New England (<i>Lepomis gibbosus</i>)
is called also <i>bream</i>, <i>pumpkin seed</i>, and <i>sunny</i>.
See <u>Sunfish</u>. The long-eared pondfish (<i>Lepomis auritus</i>)
of the Eastern United States is distinguished by its very long
opercular flap.</p>

<p><hw>Pond"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any aquatic plant of the genus <i>Potamogeton</i>, of which many
species are found in ponds or slow-moving rivers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Choke pondweed</b></col>, <cd>an American water weed
(<i>Anarcharis, or Elodea, Canadensis</i>.) See <u>Anacharis</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Horned pondweed</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Zannichellia
palustris</i>, a slender, branching aquatic plant, having pointed
nutlets.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pone</hw> (p&omacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Amer. Indian
origin.] <def>A kind of johnnycake.</def> [Written also <i>paune</i>.]
[Southern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Po"nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF., fr. It.
<i>ponente</i>, properly, setting (applied to the setting sun), fr. L.
<i>ponens</i>, p. pr. of <i>ponere</i> to set, put.] <def>Western;
occidental.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Forth rush the levant and the <i>ponent</i>
winds.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon*gee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of East Indian
origin.] <def>A fabric of undyed silk from India and China.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon*ghee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name.] <def>A Buddhist priest of the higher orders in Burmah.</def>
<i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any large ape; especially, the chimpanzee and the orang-
outang.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon"iard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>poignard</i>
(cf. It. <i>pugnale</i>, Sp. <i>pu&ntilde;al</i>), fr. L.
<i>pugio</i>, <i>-onis</i>; probably akin to <i>pugnus</i> fist, or
fr. <i>pugnus</i> fist, as held in the fist. See <u>Pugnacious</u>.]
<def>A kind of dagger, -- usually a slender one with a triangular or
square blade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She speaks <i>poniards</i>, and every word
stabs.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon"iard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Poniarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Poniarding</u>.] <def>To pierce with a poniard; to stab.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po`ni*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ponere</i>
to place.] <def>The capability of being placed or located.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pons</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pontes</b></plw> (#). [L., a bridge.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
bridge; -- applied to several parts which connect others, but
especially to the <i>pons Varolii</i>, a prominent band of nervous
tissue situated on the ventral side of the medulla oblongata and
connected at each side with the hemispheres of the cerebellum; the
mesocephalon. See <u>Brain</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Pons asinorum</b></col>. [L., literally, bridge of
asses.] <cd>See <i>Asses'  bridge</i>, under <u>Ass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pon"tage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>pontagium</i>, from L. <i>pons</i>, <i>pontis</i>, a bridge: cf. F.
<i>pontage</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A duty or tax paid for
repairing bridges.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pontil</i>,
<i>pontis</i>.] <i>(Glass Making)</i> <def>An iron rod used by glass
makers for manipulating the hot glass; -- called also, <i>puntil</i>,
<i>puntel</i>, <i>punty</i>, and <i>ponty</i>. See
<u>Fascet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Ponticus</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; the sea, especially, the Black Sea.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the Pontus, Euxine, or Black Sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pon"ti*fex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pontifices</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A high priest; a
pontiff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon"tiff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pontife</i>, L.
<i>pontifex</i>, <i>-ficis</i>; <i>pons</i>, <i>pontis</i>, a bridge
(perhaps originally, a way, path) + <i>facere</i> to make.  Cf.
<u>Pontoon</u>.] <def>A high priest.</def> Especially:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the sacred college, in ancient Rome,
which had the supreme jurisdiction over all matters of religion, at
the head of which was the <i>Pontifex Maximus</i>.</def> <i>Dr. W.
Smith.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>The chief
priest.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The
pope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon*tif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>pontificius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or
consisting of, pontiffs or priests.</def> "The <i>pontific</i> college
with their augurs and flamens."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the pope; papal.</def>
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon*tif"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pontificalis</i>: cf. F. <i>pontifical</i>. See <u>Pontiff</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a pontiff, or high priest;
as, <i>pontifical</i> authority; hence, belonging to the pope;
papal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the building of
bridges.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now had they brought the work by wondrous art<BR>
<i>Pontifical</i>, a ridge of pendent rock<BR>
Over the vexed abyss.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon*tif"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A book containing the offices, or formulas,
used by a pontiff.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The dress and ornaments of a
pontiff.</def> "Dressed in full <i>pontificals</i>."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon*tif`i*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state and government of the pope; the papacy.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon*tif"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
pontifical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon*tif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pontificatus</i>: cf. F. <i>pontificat</i>. See <u>Pontiff</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or dignity of a high priest;
specifically, the office of the pope.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The term of office of a pontiff.</def>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon*tif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <def>To perform the duty of a pontiff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon"ti*fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pons</i>,
<i>pontis</i>, a bridge + <i>facere</i> to make.  Cf. <u>Pontiff</u>.]
<def>Bridgework; structure or edifice of a bridge.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon`ti*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pontificius</i>.] <def>Papal; pontifical.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Pontificial</i> writers."  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon`ti*fi"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the pontiff or pope.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon`ti*fi"cian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who adheres
to the pope or papacy; a papist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pon"til</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pontee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pontilis</i>
pertaining to a bridge.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
pons Varolii. See <u>Pons</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Pontinus</i> or
<i>Pomptinus</i>, an appellation given to a district in Latium, near
<i>Pometia</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to an extensive marshy district
between Rome and Naples.</def> [Written also <i>Pomptine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pont"le*vis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., properly, a
drawbridge.] <i>(Man.)</i> <def>The action of a horse in rearing
repeatedly and dangerously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon*ton"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Pontoon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ponton</i> (cf.
It. <i>pontone</i>), from L. <i>ponto</i>, <i>-onis</i>, fr.
<i>pons</i>, <i>pontis</i>, a bridge, perhaps originally, a way, path:
cf. Gr. &?; path, Skr. <i>path</i>, <i>pathi</i>, <i>panthan</i>.  Cf.
<u>Punt</u> a boat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A wooden
flat-bottomed boat, a metallic cylinder, or a frame covered with
canvas, India rubber, etc., forming a portable float, used in building
bridges quickly for the passage of troops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A low, flat vessel,
resembling a barge, furnished with cranes, capstans, and other
machinery, used in careening ships, raising weights, drawing piles,
etc., chiefly in the Mediterranean; a lighter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pontoon bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge formed with
pontoons.</cd> -- <col><b>Pontoon train</b></col>, <cd>the carriages
of the pontoons, and the materials they carry for making a pontoon
bridge.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; The French spelling <i>ponton</i> often appears in
scientific works, but <i>pontoon</i> is more common form.</p>

<p><hw>Pon*toon"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act, art, or
process of constructing pontoon bridges.</def> "Army instruction in
<i>pontooning</i>."  <i>Gen. W. T. Shermah.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pont`vo*lant"</hw> (?; F. ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pont</i> bridge + <i>volant</i> flying.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A kind
of light bridge, used in sieges, for surprising a post or outwork
which has but a narrow moat; a flying bridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pon"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Class Making)</i>
<def>See <u>Pontee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ponies</b></plw> (&?;). [Written also <i>poney</i>.] [Gael.
<i>ponaidh</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Twenty-five pounds sterling.</def> [Slang,
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A translation or a key used to avoid study
in getting lessons; a crib.</def> [College Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small glass of beer.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Pony chaise</b></col>, <cd>a light, low chaise, drawn by a
pony or a pair of ponies.</cd> -- <col><b>Pony engine</b></col>, <cd>a
small locomotive for switching cars from one track to another.</cd>
[U.S.] -- <col><b>Pony truck</b></col> <i>(Locomotive Engine)</i>,
<cd>a truck which has only two wheels.</cd> -- <col><b>Pony
truss</b></col> <i>(Bridge Building)</i>, <cd>a truss which has so
little height that overhead bracing can not be used.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>pud'</i>.] <def>A
Russian weight, equal to forty Russian pounds or about thirty-six
English pounds avoirdupois.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poo"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>pudel</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A breed of dogs having curly hair, and often
showing remarkable intelligence in the performance of
tricks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pooh</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Of. imitative origin;
cf. Icel. <i>p&umacr;</i>.] <def>Pshaw! pish! nonsense! -- an
expression of scorn, dislike, or contempt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pooh`-pooh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
light of; to treat with derision or contempt, as if by saying
<i>pooh</i>! <i>pooh</i>!</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Poo"koo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A red African antelope (<i>Kobus
Vardoni</i>) allied to the water buck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pool</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>p&omacr;l</i>; akin
to LG. <i>pool</i>, <i>pohl</i>, D. <i>poel</i>, G. <i>pfuhl</i>; cf.
Icel. <i>pollr</i>, also W. <i>pwll</i>, Gael. <i>poll</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small and rather deep collection of
(usually) fresh water, as one supplied by a spring, or occurring in
the course of a stream; a reservoir for water; as, the <i>pools</i> of
Solomon.</def>  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Charity will hardly water the ground where it must
first fill a <i>pool</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sleepy <i>pool</i> above the dam.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small body of standing or stagnant water;
a puddle.</def> "The filthy mantled <i>pool</i> beyond your cell."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pool</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>poule</i>, properly, a
hen. See <u>Pullet</u>.] [Written also <i>poule</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The stake played for in certain games of
cards, billiards, etc.; an aggregated stake to which each player has
contributed a snare; also, the receptacle for the stakes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A game at billiards, in which each of the
players stakes a certain sum, the winner taking the whole; also, in
public billiard rooms, a game in which the loser pays the entrance fee
for all who engage in the game; a game of skill in pocketing the balls
on a pool table.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This game is played variously, but commonly with fifteen
balls, besides one cue ball, the contest being to drive the most balls
into the pockets.</p>

<p><blockquote>He plays <i>pool</i> at the billiard
houses.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In rifle shooting, a contest in which each
competitor pays a certain sum for every shot he makes, the net
proceeds being divided among the winners.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any gambling or commercial venture in which
several persons join.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A combination of persons contributing money
to be used for the purpose of increasing or depressing the market
price of stocks, grain, or other commodities; also, the aggregate of
the sums so contributed; as, the <i>pool</i> took all the wheat
offered below the limit; he put $10,000 into the
<i>pool</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A mutual arrangement
between competing lines, by which the receipts of all are aggregated,
and then distributed <i>pro rata</i> according to agreement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An aggregation of properties
or rights, belonging to different people in a community, in a common
fund, to be charged with common liabilities.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pin pool</b></col>, <cd>a variety of the game of billiards
in which small wooden pins are set up to be knocked down by the
balls.</cd> -- <col><b>Pool ball</b></col>, <cd>one of the colored
ivory balls used in playing the game at billiards called
<i>pool</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pool snipe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the European redshank.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Pool
table</b></col>, <cd>a billiard table with pockets.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pool</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pooled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pooling</u>.] <def>To put together; to contribute to a common fund,
on the basis of a mutual division of profits or losses; to make a
common interest of; as, the companies <i>pooled</i> their
traffic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Finally, it favors the <i>pooling</i>of all
issues.</blockquote> <i>U. S. Grant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pool</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To combine or
contribute with others, as for a commercial, speculative, or gambling
transaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pool"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stick for
stirring a tan vat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pool"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act
of uniting, or an agreement to unite, an aggregation of properties
belonging to different persons, with a view to common liabilities or
profits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Canarese <i>ponne</i>.]
<def>A name for several East Indian, or their wood, used for the masts
and spars of vessels, as <i>Calophyllum angustifolium</i>, <i>C.
inophullum</i>, and <i>Sterculia f&oelig;tida</i>; -- called also
<i>peon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poo"nac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of oil cake
prepared from the cocoanut. See <i>Oil cake</i>, under
<u>Cake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poon"ga oil`</hw> (?). <def>A kind of oil used in India for
lamps, and for boiling with dammar for pitching vessels. It is pressed
from the seeds of a leguminous tree (<i>Pongamia
glabra</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Poop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See 2d
<u>Poppy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pooped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pooping</u>.] [Cf. D. <i>poepen</i>. See <u>Pop</u>.] <def>To make
a noise; to pop; also, to break wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>poupe</i>; cf. Sp. &amp; Pg.
<i>popa</i>, It. <i>poppa</i>; all fr. L. <i>puppis</i>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A deck raised above the after part of a vessel;
the hindmost or after part of a vessel's hull; also, a cabin covered
by such a deck. See <i>Poop deck</i>, under <u>Deck</u>. See also
<u>Roundhouse</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With wind in <i>poop</i>, the vessel plows the
sea.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>poop</i> was beaten gold.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To break over the poop or stern, as a
wave.</def> "A sea which he thought was going to <i>poop</i> her."
<i>Lord Dufferin.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To strike in the stern,
as by collision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pooped</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having a poop; furnished with a poop.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Struck on the poop.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Poop"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
act or shock of striking a vessel's stern by a following wave or
vessel.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1114 !></p>

<p><hw>Poor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Poorer</u> (?; 254); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Poorest</u>.]
[OE. <i>poure</i> or <i>povre</i>, OF. <i>povre</i>, F. <i>pauvre</i>,
L. <i>pauper</i>; the first syllable of which is probably akin to
<i>paucus</i> few (see <u>Paucity</u>, <u>Few</u>), and the second to
<i>parare</i> to prepare, procure. See <u>Few</u>, and cf.
<u>Parade</u>, <u>Pauper</u>, <u>Poverty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of property; wanting in material riches or goods;
needy; indigent.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is often synonymous with <i>indigent</i> and with
<i>necessitous</i> denoting extreme want. It is also applied to
persons who are not entirely destitute of property, but who are not
rich; as, a <i>poor</i> man or woman; <i>poor</i> people.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>So completely destitute of
property as to be entitled to maintenance from the public.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Hence, in very various applications:
<def>Destitute of such qualities as are desirable, or might naturally
be expected</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Wanting in fat,
plumpness, or fleshiness; lean; emaciated; meager; as, a <i>poor</i>
horse, ox, dog, etc.</def> "Seven other kine came up after them,
<i>poor</i> and very ill-favored and lean-fleshed." <i>Gen. xli.
19.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Wanting in strength or vigor; feeble;
dejected; as, <i>poor</i> health; <i>poor</i> spirits.</def> "His
genius . . . <i>poor</i> and cowardly." <i>Bacon.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Of little value or worth; not good; inferior;
shabby; mean; as, <i>poor</i> clothes; <i>poor</i> lodgings.</def> "A
<i>poor</i> vessel." <i>Clarendon.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>Destitute of fertility; exhausted; barren; sterile; -- said of
land; as, <i>poor</i> soil.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Destitute
of beauty, fitness, or merit; as, a <i>poor</i> discourse; a
<i>poor</i> picture.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Without prosperous
conditions or good results; unfavorable; unfortunate; unconformable;
as, a <i>poor</i> business; the sick man had a <i>poor</i>
night.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>Inadequate; insufficient;
insignificant; as, a <i>poor</i> excuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That I have wronged no man will be a <i>poor</i> plea
or apology at the last day.</blockquote> <i>Calamy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of pity or sympathy; -- used also
sometimes as a term of endearment, or as an expression of modesty, and
sometimes as a word of contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And for mine own <i>poor</i> part,<BR>
Look you, I'll go pray.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Poor</i>, little, pretty, fluttering
thing.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Free from self-assertion; not proud or
arrogant; meek.</def> "Blessed are the <i>poor</i> in spirit."
<i>Matt. v. 3.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Poor law</b></col>, <cd>a law providing for, or regulating,
the relief or support of the poor.</cd> -- <col><b>Poor man's
treacle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>garlic; -- so called because it
was thought to be an antidote to animal poison.</cd> [Eng] <i>Dr.
Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Poor man's weatherglass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the red-flowered pimpernel (<i>Anagallis arvensis</i>), which
opens its blossoms only in fair weather.</cd> -- <col><b>Poor
rate</b></col>, <cd>an assessment or tax, as in an English parish, for
the relief or support of the poor.</cd> -- <col><b>Poor
soldier</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the friar bird.</cd> --
<col><b>The poor</b></col>, <cd>those who are destitute of property;
the indigent; the needy. In a legal sense, those who depend on charity
or maintenance by the public.</cd>  "I have observed the more public
provisions are made for <i>the poor</i>, the less they provide for
themselves." <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small European codfish (<i>Gadus minutus</i>); -- called also <i>power
cod</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poor"box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A receptacle in
which money given for the poor is placed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poor"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dwelling for
a number of paupers maintained at public expense; an almshouse; a
workhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poor"-john`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small European fish, similar to the cod, but of inferior
quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Poor-john</i> and apple pies are all our
fare.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Harrington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poor"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being poorly; ill health.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poor"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
a poor manner or condition; without plenty, or sufficiency, or
suitable provision for comfort; as, to live <i>poorly</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With little or no success; indifferently;
with little profit or advantage; as, to do <i>poorly</i> in
business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Meanly; without spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor is their courage or their wealth so low,<BR>
That from his wars they <i>poorly</i> would retire.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Without skill or merit; as, he performs
<i>poorly</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Poorly off</b></col>, <cd>not well off; not rich.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Poor"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat ill;
indisposed; not in health.</def> "Having been <i>poorly</i> in
health."  <i>T. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poor"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being poor (in any of the senses of the adjective).</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poor"-spir`it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a mean
spirit; cowardly; base.</def> -- <wf>Poor"-spir`it*ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Poor"-will`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called in
imitation of its note.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird of the Western
United States (<i>Phal&aelig;noptilus Nutalli</i>) allied to the whip-
poor-will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poor"-wil`lie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called in
imitation of its note.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bar-tailed
godwit.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of imitative origin.  Cf.
<u>Poop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small, sharp, quick explosive
sound or report; as, to go off with a <i>pop</i>.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unintoxicating beverage which expels the
cork with a pop from the bottle containing it; as, ginger <i>pop</i>;
lemon <i>pop</i>, etc.</def>  <i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
redwing.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Pop corn</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Corn, or maize,
of peculiar excellence for popping; especially, a kind the grains of
which are small and compact</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Popped corn;
which has been popped.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Popped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Popping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a pop, or sharp,
quick sound; as, the muskets <i>popped</i> away on all
sides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter, or issue forth, with a quick,
sudden movement; to move from place to place suddenly; to dart; --
with <i>in</i>, <i>out</i>, <i>upon</i>, <i>off</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that killed my king . . . <BR>
<i>Popp'd</i> in between the election and my hopes.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A trick of <i>popping</i> up and down every
moment.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To burst open with a pop, when heated over
a fire; as, this corn <i>pops</i> well.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
thrust or push suddenly; to offer suddenly; to bring suddenly and
unexpectedly to notice; as, to <i>pop</i> one's head in at the
door.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>popped</i> a paper into his hand.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to pop; to cause to burst open by
heat, as grains of Indian corn; as, to <i>pop</i> corn or
chestnuts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To pop off</b></col>, <cd>to thrust away, or put off
promptly; as, to <i>pop</i> one off with a denial.</cd> <i>Locke.</i>
-- <col><b>To pop the question</b></col>, <cd>to make an offer of
marriage to a lady.</cd> [Colloq.] <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like a pop; suddenly;
unexpectedly.</def> "<i>Pop</i> goes his plate."  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>p&amacr;pa</i>, L.
<i>papa</i> father, bishop.  Cf. <u>Papa</u>, <u>Papal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any ecclesiastic, esp. a bishop.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The bishop of Rome, the head of the Roman
Catholic Church. See <u>Note</u> under <u>Cardinal</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A parish priest, or a chaplain, of the
Greek Church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish; the
ruff.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pope Joan</b></col>, <cd>a game at cards played on a round
board with compartments.</cd> -- <col><b>Pope's eye</b></col>, <cd>the
gland surrounded with fat in the middle of the thigh of an ox or
sheep.</cd> <i>R. D. Blackmore.</i> -- <col><b>Pope's nose</b></col>,
<cd>the rump, or uropygium, of a bird. See <u>Uropygium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pope"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>p&amacr;ped&omacr;m</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The place,
office, or dignity of the pope; papal dignity.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The jurisdiction of the pope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pope"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A petty or deputy pope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An adherent of the pope.</def> [R.]
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"e*lote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word variously
explained as "a little puppet," "a little doll," or "a young
butterfly." Cf. <u>Popet</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So gay a <i>popelote</i>, so sweet a
wench.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The religion of
the Roman Catholic Church, comprehending doctrines and practices; --
generally used in an opprobrious sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A puppet.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"gun`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A child's gun; a
tube and rammer for shooting pellets, with a popping noise, by
compression of air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop"in*jay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>popingay</i>,
<i>papejay</i>, OF. <i>papegai</i>, <i>papegaut</i>; cf. Pr.
<i>papagai</i>, Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>papagayo</i>, It. <i>pappagallo</i>, LGr.
&?;, NGr. &?;; in which the first syllables are perhaps imitative of
the bird's chatter, and the last either fr. L. <i>gallus</i> cock, or
the same word as E. <i>jay</i>, F. <i>geai</i>.  Cf.
<u>Papagay</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
green woodpecker.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A parrot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pye and <i>popyngay</i> speak they know not
what.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A target in the form of a parrot.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A trifling, chattering, fop or
coxcomb.</def> "To be so pestered with a <i>popinjay</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the pope; taught or ordained by the pope; hence, of or pertaining to
the Roman Catholic Church; -- often used opprobriously.</def> --
<wf>Pop"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Pop"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pop"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>popler</i>, OF.
<i>poplier</i>, F. <i>peuplier</i>, fr. L. <i>populus</i> poplar.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any tree of the genus
<i>Populus</i>; also, the timber, which is soft, and capable of many
uses.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The aspen poplar is <i>Populus tremula</i> and <i>P.
tremuloides</i>; Balsam poplar is <i>P. balsamifera</i>; Lombardy
poplar (<i>P. dilatata</i>) is a tall, spiry tree; white poplar is
<i>Populus alba</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The timber of the tulip tree; -- called
also <i>white poplar</i>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Po*plex"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Apoplexy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>popeline</i>,
<i>papeline</i>.] <def>A fabric of many varieties, usually made of
silk and worsted, -- used especially for women's dresses.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Irish poplin</b></col>, <cd>a fabric with silk warp and
worsted weft, made in Ireland.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pop*lit"e*al</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>poples</i>, <i>-itis</i>, the ham.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the ham; in the region of the ham, or behind the knee
joint; as, the <i>popliteal</i> space.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Popliteal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A utensil for
popping corn, usually a wire basket with a long handle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dagger.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Puppet</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of certain upright
timbers on the bilge ways, used to support a vessel in
launching.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>An upright support or guide
fastened at the bottom only.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Poppet head</b></col>, <col><b>Puppet head</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Headstock</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pop"pied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Poppy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mingled or interspersed with poppies.</def>
"<i>Poppied</i> corn."  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with poppy juice; hence,
figuratively, drugged; drowsy; listless; inactive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>poppied</i> sails doze on the yard.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"ping</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Pop</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Popping crease</b></col>. <i>(Cricket)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Crease</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pop"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pop</u>.]
<def>To move quickly up and down; to bob up and down, as a cork on
rough water; also, to bubble.</def>  <i>Cotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
poplar.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tares.</def> [Obs.] "To sow <i>popple</i>
among wheat."  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Poppies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>popy</i>, AS. <i>popig</i>, L.
<i>papaver</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant or species of the genus
<i>Papaver</i>, herbs with showy polypetalous flowers and a milky
juice. From one species (<i>Papaver somniferum</i>) opium is obtained,
though all the species contain it to some extent; also, a flower of
the plant. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Capsule</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>California poppy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any yellow-
flowered plant of the genus <i>Eschscholtzia</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Corn
poppy</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Corn</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Horn</b></col>, or <col><b>Horned</b></col>,
<col><b>poppy</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Horn</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Poppy bee</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a leaf-cutting
bee (<i>Anthocopa papaveris</i>) which uses pieces cut from poppy
petals for the lining of its cells; -- called also <i>upholsterer
bee</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prickly poppy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd><i>Argemone Mexicana</i>, a yellow-flowered plant of the Poppy
family, but as prickly as a thistle.</cd> -- <col><b>Poppy
seed</b></col>, <cd>the seed the opium poppy (<i>P.
somniferum</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Spatling poppy</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of Silene (<i>S. inflata</i>). See
<u>Catchfly</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pop"py</hw> (?), <hw>Pop"py*head`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>poup&eacute;e</i> doll, puppet. See
<u>Puppet</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A raised ornament frequently
having the form of a final. It is generally used on the tops of the
upright ends or elbows which terminate seats, etc., in Gothic
churches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*lace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>populace</i>,
fr. It. <i>popolaccio</i>, <i>popolazzo</i>, fr. <i>popolo</i> people,
L. <i>populus</i>. See <u>People</u>.] <def>The common people; the
vulgar; the multitude, -- comprehending all persons not distinguished
by rank, office, education, or profession.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To . . . calm the peers and please the
<i>populace</i>.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . call us Britain's barbarous
<i>populaces</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mob; people; commonalty.</p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*la*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Populace.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>popularis</i>,
fr. <i>populus</i> people: cf. F. <i>populaire</i>. See
<u>People</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the common
people, or to the whole body of the people, as distinguished from a
select portion; as, the <i>popular</i> voice; <i>popular</i>
elections.</def> "<i>Popular</i> states." <i>Bacon.</i> "So the
<i>popular</i> vote inclines." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The men commonly held in <i>popular</i> estimation are
greatest at a distance.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suitable to common people; easy to be
comprehended; not abstruse; familiar; plain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Homilies are plain <i>popular</i>
instructions.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to the means of the common people;
possessed or obtainable by the many; hence, cheap; common; ordinary;
inferior; as, <i>popular</i> prices; <i>popular</i>
amusements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The smallest figs, called <i>popular</i> figs, . . .
are, of all others, the basest and of least account.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Beloved or approved by the people; pleasing
to people in general, or to many people; as, a <i>popular</i>
preacher; a <i>popular</i> law; a <i>popular</i>
administration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Devoted to the common people; studious of
the favor of the populace.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>popular</i> humanity is treason.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Prevailing among the people; epidemic; as,
a <i>popular</i> disease.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Popular action</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd> an action in
which any person may sue for penalty imposed by statute.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pop`u*la"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.] <def>The
people or the people's party, in ancient Rome, as opposed to the
<i>optimates</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop`u*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Popularities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>popularitas</i> an effort
to please the people: cf. F. <i>popularit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being popular;
especially, the state of being esteemed by, or of being in favor with,
the people at large; good will or favor proceeding from the people;
as, the <i>popularity</i> of a law, statesman, or a book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>popularity</i> which has lasted down to our
time.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being adapted or
pleasing to common, poor, or vulgar people; hence, cheapness;
inferiority; vulgarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This gallant laboring to avoid <i>popularity</i> falls
into a habit of affectation.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something which obtains, or is intended to
obtain, the favor of the vulgar; claptrap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Popularities</i>, and circumstances which . . . sway
the ordinary judgment.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of courting the favor of the
people.</def> [Obs.] "Indicted . . . for <i>popularity</i> and
ambition."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Public sentiment; general passion.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A little time be allowed for the madness of
<i>popularity</i> to cease.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop`u*lar*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of making popular, or of introducing among the people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*lar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Popularized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Popularizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>populariser</i>.]
<def>To make popular; to make suitable or acceptable to the common
people; to make generally known; as, to <i>popularize</i>
philosophy.</def> "The <i>popularizing</i> of religious teaching."
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*lar*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
popularizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a popular
manner; so as to be generally favored or accepted by the people;
commonly; currently; as, the story was <i>popularity</i>
reported.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The victor knight,<BR>
Bareheaded, <i>popularly</i> low had bowed.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*lar*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being popular; popularity.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>populus</i>
people. See <u>People</u>.] <def>Populous.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Populated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Populating</u>.] <def>To furnish with inhabitants, either by
natural increase or by immigration or colonization; to cause to be
inhabited; to people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
propagate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Great shoals of people which go on to
<i>populate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pop`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>populatio</i>: cf. F. <i>population</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of populating; multiplication of
inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole number of people, or inhabitants,
in a country, or portion of a country; as, a <i>population</i> of ten
millions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
populates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*li*cide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>populus</i> people + <i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>Slaughter of the
people.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>populus</i>
poplar: cf. F. <i>populine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glycoside,
related to salicin, found in the bark of certain species of the poplar
(<i>Populus</i>), and extracted as a sweet white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1115 !></p>

<p><hw>Pop`u*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>populositas</i>: cf. F. <i>populosit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Populousness.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>populosus</i>,
fr. <i>populus</i> people: cf. F. <i>populeux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding in people; full of inhabitants; containing many
inhabitants in proportion to the extent of the country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven, yet <i>populous</i>, retains<BR>
Number sufficient to possess her realms.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Popular; famous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Common; vulgar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Arden of
Feversham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Numerous; in large number.</def> [Obs.]
"The dust . . . raised by your <i>populous</i> troops."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pop"u*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pop"u*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Po*raille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>pouraille</i>. See <u>Poor</u>.] <def>Poor people; the poor.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"bea`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A species of shark (<i>Lamna cornubica</i>), about eight feet
long, having a pointed nose and a crescent-shaped tail; -- called also
<i>mackerel shark</i>.</def> [Written <i>also probeagle</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Por"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>porca</i> a
ridge between two furrows.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having grooves or
furrows broader than the intervening ridges; furrowed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"ce*lain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Purslain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Por"ce*lain</hw> (277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>porcelaine</i>, It. <i>porcellana</i>, orig., the porcelain shell,
or Venus shell (<i>Cypr&aelig;a porcellana</i>), from a dim. fr. L.
<i>porcus</i> pig, probably from the resemblance of the shell in shape
to a pig's back. Porcelain was called after this shell, either on
account of its smoothness and whiteness, or because it was believed to
be made from it. See <u>Pork</u>.] <def>A fine translucent or
semitransculent kind of earthenware, made first in China and Japan,
but now also in Europe and America; -- called also <i>China</i>, or
<i>China ware</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Porcelain</i>, by being pure, is apt to
break.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ivory porcelain</b></col>, <cd>porcelain with a surface
like ivory, produced by depolishing. See <u>Depolishing</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Porcelain clay</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Clay</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Porcelain crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any crab of
the genus <i>Porcellana</i> and allied genera (family
<i>Porcellanid&aelig;</i>). They have a smooth, polished
carapace.</cd> -- <col><b>Porcelain jasper</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Porcelanite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Porcelain
printing</b></col>, <cd>the transferring of an impression of an
engraving to porcelain.</cd> -- <col><b>Porcelain shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a cowry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Por"ce*lain*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Baked like potter's lay; -- applied to clay shales that have been
converted by heat into a substance resembling porcelain.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Por`ce*la"ne*ous</hw> (?), <hw>Por`cel*la"ne*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
porcelain; resembling porcelain; as, <i>porcelaneous</i>
shells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a smooth,
compact shell without pores; -- said of certain
Foraminifera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"ce*la*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>porcelanite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A semivitrified clay or shale,
somewhat resembling jasper; -- called also <i>porcelain
jasper</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Por"ce*la`nous</hw> (?), <hw>Por"cel*la`nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Porcelaneous.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Porch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>porche</i>, L.
<i>porticus</i>, fr. <i>porta</i> a gate, entrance, or passage. See
<u>Port</u> a gate, and cf. <u>Portico</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A covered and inclosed entrance to a building,
whether taken from the interior, and forming a sort of vestibule
within the main wall, or projecting without and with a separate roof.
Sometimes the porch is large enough to serve as a covered walk. See
also <i>Carriage porch</i>, under <u>Carriage</u>, and
<u>Loggia</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The graceless Helen in the <i>porch</i> I spied<BR>
Of Vesta's temple.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A portico; a covered walk.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Repair to Pompey's <i>porch</i>, where you shall find
find us.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The Porch</b></col>, <cd>a public portico, or great hall,
in Athens, where Zeno, the philosopher, taught his disciples; hence,
sometimes used as equivalent to <i>the school of the Stoics</i>. It
was called <grk>"h poiki`lh stoa`</grk>. [See
<u>Poicile</u>.]</cd></p>

<p><hw>Por"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>porcinus</i>,
from <i>porcus</i> a swine. See <u>Pork</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
swine; characteristic of the hog.</def> "<i>Porcine</i> cheeks."
<i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"cu*pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>porkepyn</i>, <i>porpentine</i>, OF. <i>porc-espi</i>, F. <i>porc-
&eacute;pic</i> (cf. It. <i>porco spino</i>, <i>porco spinoso</i>, Sp.
<i>puerco espino</i>, <i>puerco espin</i>, fr. L. <i>porcus</i> swine
+ <i>spina</i> thorn, spine). The last part of the French word is
perhaps a corruption from the It. or Sp.; cf. F. <i>&eacute;pi</i>
ear, a spike of grain, L. <i>spica</i>. See <u>Pork</u>, <u>Spike</u>
a large nail, <u>Spine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any Old Word rodent of the genus <i>Hystrix</i>, having the back
covered with long, sharp, erectile spines or quills, sometimes a foot
long. The common species of Europe and Asia (<i>Hystrix cristata</i>)
is the best known.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
<i>Erethizon</i> and related genera, native of America. They are
related to the true porcupines, but have shorter spines, and are
arboreal in their habits. The Canada porcupine (<i>Erethizon
dorsatus</i>) is a well known species.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Porcupine ant-eater</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
echidna.</cd> -- <col><b>Porcupine crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a large spiny Japanese crab (<i>Acantholithodes hystrix</i>).</cd>
-- <col><b>Porcupine disease</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>. <cd>See
<u>Ichthyosis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Porcupine fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any plectognath fish having the body covered
with spines which become erect when the body is inflated. See
<u>Diodon</u>, and <u>Globefish</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Porcupine
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a grass (<i>Stipa spartea</i>) with
grains bearing a stout twisted awn, which, by coiling and uncoiling
through changes in moisture, propels the sharp-pointed and barbellate
grain into the wool and flesh of sheep. It is found from Illinois
westward. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</cd> --
<col><b>Porcupine wood</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the hard outer
wood of the cocoa palm; -- so called because, when cut horizontally,
the markings of the wood resemble the quills of a porcupine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>porus</i>,
Gr. &?; a passage, a pore. See <u>Fare</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the minute orifices in an animal or
vegetable membrane, for transpiration, absorption, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A minute opening or passageway; an
interstice between the constituent particles or molecules of a body;
as, the <i>pores</i> of stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pore</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Poring</u>.] [OE. <i>poren</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. D.
<i>porren</i> to poke, thrust, Gael. <i>purr</i>.] <def>To look or
gaze steadily in reading or studying; to fix the attention; to be
absorbed; -- often with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>, and now usually with
<i>over</i>.</def>"Painfully to <i>pore</i> upon a book."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The eye grows weary with <i>poring</i> perpetually on
the same thing.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pore"blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Probably influenced
by <i>pore</i>, v. See <u>Purblind</u>.] <def>Nearsighted;
shortsighted; purblind.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Porgies</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Paugie</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The scup.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sailor's choice, or pinfish.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The margate fish.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>The spadefish.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several
species of embiotocoids, or surf fishes, of the Pacific coast. The
name is also given locally to several other fishes, as the bur
fish.</def> [Written also <i>porgee</i>, <i>porgie</i>, and
<i>paugy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Po*rif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>porus</i> pore + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
grand division of the Invertebrata, including the sponges; -- called
also <i>Spongi&aelig;</i>, <i>Spongida</i>, and <i>Spongiozoa</i>. The
principal divisions are Calcispongi&aelig;, Keratosa or
Fibrospongi&aelig;, and Silicea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*rif"er*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Polifera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po*rif`e*ra"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>The Polifera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>porus</i> pore
+ <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>poriforme</i>.] <def>Resembling a pore, or
small puncture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"rime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; practicable.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>A theorem or proposition so easy of demonstration
as to be almost self-evident.</def> [R.]  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Porosity.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a thing
procured, a deduction from a demonstration, fr. &?; to bring, provide:
cf. F. <i>porisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
proposition affirming the possibility of finding such conditions as
will render a certain determinate problem indeterminate or capable of
innumerable solutions.</def>  <i>Playfair.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Geom.)</i> <def>A corollary.</def>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Three books of <i>porisms</i> of Euclid have been lost, but
several attempts to determine the nature of these propositions and to
restore them have been made by modern geometers.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Po`ris*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Po`ris*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a porism;
poristic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Po*ris"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Po*ris"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>[Gr. &?; for providing, &?; provided.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a porism; of the nature of a porism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>porite</i>.
See <u>Pore</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
coral of the genus Porites, or family <i>Poritid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po*ri"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>po`ros</grk> a pore.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An important genus
of reef-building corals having small twelve-rayed calicles, and a very
porous coral. Some species are branched, others grow in large massive
or globular forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pork</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>porc</i>, L.
<i>porcus</i> hog, pig. See <u>Farrow</u> a litter of pigs, and cf.
<u>Porcelain</u>, <u>Porpoise</u>.] <def>The flesh of swine, fresh or
salted, used for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pork"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hog.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pork"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of F. <i>porc</i>.
See <u>Pork</u>.] <def>A young hog; a pig.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden. W.
Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pork"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pig; a
porket.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pork"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The coarse-grained brownish yellow wood of a small tree
(<i>Pisonia obtusata</i>) of Florida and the West Indies. Also called
<i>pigeon wood</i>, <i>beefwood</i>, and <i>corkwood</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por`ne*ras"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; harlot +
&?; to love.] <def>Lascivious; licentious.</def> [R.]  <i>F.
Harrison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por`no*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to pornography; lascivious; licentious; as,
<i>pornographic</i> writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a harlot
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Licentious painting or
literature; especially, the painting anciently employed to decorate
the walls of rooms devoted to bacchanalian orgies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A treatise on prostitutes, or
prostitution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*ros"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>porosit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being porous; --
opposed to <i>density</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*rot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; callus.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine supposed to promote the formation of
callus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>poreux</i>.
See <u>Pore</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Full of pores; having
interstices in the skin or in the substance of the body; having
spiracles or passages for fluids; permeable by liquids; as, a
<i>porous</i> skin; <i>porous</i> wood.</def> "The veins of
<i>porous</i> earth."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a porous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being porous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The open parts; the interstices of
anything.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They will forcibly get into the <i>porousness</i> of
it.</blockquote> <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"pen*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Porcupine.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"pesse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A porpoise.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Por`phy*ra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Porphyritic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"phyre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Porphyry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"phy*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A rock with a porphyritic structure; as, augite
<i>porphyrite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por`phy*rit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>porphyritique</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Relating to, or resembling,
porphyry, that is, characterized by the presence of distinct crystals,
as of feldspar, quartz, or augite, in a relatively fine-grained base,
often aphanitic or cryptocrystalline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por`phy*ri*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of porphyrizing, or the state of being porphyrized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por`phy*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>porphyriser</i>, Gr. &?; to purplish.] <def>To cause to resemble
porphyry; to make spotted in composition, like porphyry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por`phy*ro*gen"i*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>porphyro genitus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; &?; purple + root of &?; to be
born.] <def>The principle of succession in royal families, especially
among the Eastern Roman emperors, by which a younger son, if born
after the accession of his father to the throne, was preferred to an
elder son who was not so born.</def>  <i>Sir T. Palgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"phy*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Porphyries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>porphyre</i>, L.
<i>porphyrites</i>, fr. Gr. &?; like purple, fr. &?; purple. See
<u>Purple</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A term used somewhat loosely to
designate a rock consisting of a fine-grained base (usually
feldspathic) through which crystals, as of feldspar or quartz, are
disseminated. There are red, purple, and green varieties, which are
highly esteemed as marbles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Porphyry shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
handsome marine gastropod shell (<i>Oliva porphyria</i>), having a
dark red or brown polished surface, marked with light spots, like
porphyry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Por"pi*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
brooch.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of bright-colored
Siphonophora found floating in the warmer parts of the ocean. The
individuals are round and disk-shaped, with a large zooid in the
center of the under side, surrounded by smaller nutritive and
reproductive zooids, and by slender dactylozooids near the margin. The
disk contains a central float, or pneumatocyst.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"poise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>porpeys</i>,
OF. <i>porpeis</i>, literally, hog fish, from L. <i>porcus</i> swine +
<i>piscis</i> fish. See <u>Pork</u>, and <u>Fish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small cetacean of the
genus <i>Phoc&aelig;na</i>, especially <i>P. communis</i>, or <i>P.
phoc&aelig;na</i>, of Europe, and the closely allied American species
(<i>P. Americana</i>). The color is dusky or blackish above, paler
beneath. They are closely allied to the dolphins, but have a shorter
snout. Called also <i>harbor porpoise</i>, <i>herring hag</i>,
<i>puffing pig</i>, and <i>snuffer</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A true dolphin
(<i>Delphinus</i>); -- often so called by sailors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skunk porpoise</b></col>, or <col><b>Bay porpoise</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a North American porpoise (<i>Lagenorhynchus
acutus</i>), larger than the common species, and with broad stripes of
white and yellow on the sides. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Por`po*ri"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A
composition of quicksilver, tin, and sulphur, forming a yellow powder,
sometimes used by medi&aelig;val artists, for the sake of economy,
instead of gold.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A porpoise.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por*ra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>porraceus</i>, from <i>porrum</i>, <i>porrus</i>, a leek.]
<def>Resembling the leek in color; greenish.</def> [R.]
"<i>Porraceous</i> vomiting."  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por*rect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>porrectus</i>,
p. p. of <i>porrigere</i> to stretch out before one's self, to but
forth.] <def>Extended horizontally; stretched out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por*rec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>porrectio</i>: cf. F. <i>porrection</i>.] <def>The act of
stretching forth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>porrette</i>, fr.
L. <i>porrum</i>, <i>porrus</i>, leek. See <u>Porraceous</u>.] <def>A
scallion; a leek or small onion.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"ridge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably corrupted
fr. <i>pottage</i>; perh. influenced by OE. <i>porree</i> a kind of
pottage, OF. <i>porr&eacute;e</i>, fr. L. <i>porrum</i>,
<i>porrus</i>, leek. See <u>Pottage</u>, and cf. <u>Porringer</u>.]
<def>A food made by boiling some leguminous or farinaceous substance,
or the meal of it, in water or in milk, making of broth or thin
pudding; as, barley <i>porridge</i>, milk <i>porridge</i>, bean
<i>porridge</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"rin*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>pottanger</i>, for <i>pottager</i>; cf. F. <i>potager</i> a soup
basin. See <u>Porridge</u>.] <def>A porridge dish; esp., a bowl or cup
from which children eat or are fed; as, a silver
<i>porringer</i>.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Port</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Oporto</i>, in
Portugal, i. e., <i>&?; porto</i> the port, L. <i>portus</i>. See
<u>Port</u> harbor.] <def>A dark red or purple astringent wine made in
Portugal. It contains a large percentage of alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>port</i>, L.
<i>portus</i>: cf. F. <i>port</i>. See <u>Farm</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Ford</u>, and 1st, 3d, &amp; 4h <u>Port</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where ships may ride secure from
storms; a sheltered inlet, bay, or cove; a harbor; a haven. Used also
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1116 !></p>

<p><blockquote>Peering in maps for <i>ports</i> and piers and
roads.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are in <i>port</i> if we have Thee.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In law and commercial usage, a harbor where
vessels are admitted to discharge and receive cargoes, from whence
they depart and where they finish their voyages.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Free port</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Free</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Port bar</b></col>. <i>(Naut,)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
boom</cd>. See <u>Boom</u>, 4, also <u>Bar</u>, 3. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A bar, as of sand, at the mouth of, or in, a port.</cd> --
<col><b>Port charges</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>charges, as
wharfage, etc., to which a ship or its cargo is subjected in a
harbor.</cd> -- <col><b>Port of entry</b></col>, <cd>a harbor where a
customhouse is established for the legal entry of merchandise.</cd> --
<col><b>Port toll</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a payment made for the
privilege of bringing goods into port.</cd> -- <col><b>Port
warden</b></col>, <cd>the officer in charge of a port; a harbor
master.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Port</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>porte</i>, L.
<i>porta</i>, akin to <i>portus</i>; cf. AS. <i>porte</i>, fr. L.
<i>porta</i>. See <u>Port</u> a harbor, and cf. <u>Porte</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A passageway; an opening or entrance to an
inclosed place; a gate; a door; a portal.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Him I accuse<BR>
The city <i>ports</i> by this hath entered.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Form their ivory <i>port</i> the cherubim<BR>
Forth issuing.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An opening in the side of a
vessel; an embrasure through which cannon may be discharged; a
porthole; also, the shutters which close such an opening.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>ports</i> being within sixteen inches of the
water.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A passageway in a machine,
through which a fluid, as steam, water, etc., may pass, as from a
valve to the interior of the cylinder of a steam engine; an opening in
a valve seat, or valve face.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Air port</b></col>, <col><b>Bridle port</b></col>, <cd>etc.
See under <u>Air</u>, <u>Bridle</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Port
bar</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a bar to secure the ports of a ship
in a gale.</cd> -- <col><b>Port lid</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
lid or hanging for closing the portholes of a vessel.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam port</b></col>, &and; <col><b>Exhaust port</b></col>
<i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>the ports of the cylinder communicating
with the valve or valves, for the entrance or exit of the steam,
respectively.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Port</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ported</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Porting</u>.] [F. <i>porter</i>, L. <i>portare</i> to carry. See
<u>Port</u> demeanor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry; to bear; to
transport.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They are easily <i>ported</i> by boat into other
shires.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To throw, as a musket,
diagonally across the body, with the lock in front, the right hand
grasping the small of the stock, and the barrel sloping upward and
crossing the point of the left shoulder; as, to <i>port</i>
arms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Began to hem him round with <i>ported</i>
spears.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Port arms</b></col>, <cd>a position in the manual of arms,
executed as above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Port</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>port</i>, fr.
<i>porter</i> to carry, L. <i>portare</i>, prob. akin to E.
<i>fare</i>, v. See <u>Port</u> harbor, and cf. <u>Comport</u>,
<u>Export</u>, <u>Sport</u>.] <def>The manner in which a person bears
himself; deportment; carriage; bearing; demeanor; hence, manner or
style of living; as, a proud <i>port</i>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And of his <i>port</i> as meek as is a
maid.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The necessities of pomp, grandeur, and a suitable
<i>port</i> in the world.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Port</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymology uncertain.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The larboard or left side of a ship (looking from
the stern toward the bow); as, a vessel heels to <i>port</i>. See
<u>Note</u> under <u>Larboard</u>. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To turn
or put to the left or larboard side of a ship; -- said of the helm,
and used chiefly in the imperative, as a command; as, <i>port</i> your
helm.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Por"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Port&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a gate. See <u>Port</u> a
hole.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The part of the liver
or other organ where its vessels and nerves enter; the hilus.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The foramen of Monro.</def>  <i>B. G.
Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Port`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being portable; fitness to be carried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>portabilis</i>, fr. <i>portare</i> to carry: cf. F.
<i>portable</i>. See <u>Port</u> demeanor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being borne or carried; easily transported; conveyed
without difficulty; as, a <i>portable</i> bed, desk, engine.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possible to be endured; supportable.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How light and <i>portable</i> my pain seems
now!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Portable forge</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Forge</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Portable steam engine</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Steam
engine</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Port"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being portable; portability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"tace</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Portass</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Port"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 2d
<u>Port</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sailor's wages
when in port.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The amount of a sailor's
wages for a voyage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port"age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [3d <u>Port</u>.] <def>A
porthole.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"tage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from <i>porter</i>
to carry. See <u>Port</u> to carry.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of carrying or transporting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The price of carriage; porterage.</def>
<i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Capacity for carrying; tonnage.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A carry between navigable waters. See 3d
<u>Carry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"tage</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To carry
(goods, boats, etc.) overland between navigable waters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"tage group`</hw> (?). [So called from the township of
<i>Portage</i> in New York.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A subdivision of the
Chemung period in American geology. See <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"ta*gue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Portuguese</u>.] <def>A Portuguese gold coin formerly current, and
variously estimated to be worth from three and one half to four and
one half pounds sterling.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>portegue</i>
and <i>portigue</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ten thousand <i>portagues</i>, besides great
pearls.</blockquote> <i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>portal</i>, F.
<i>portail</i>, LL. <i>portale</i>, fr. L. <i>porta</i> a gate. See
<u>Port</u> a gate.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A door or gate; hence, a
way of entrance or exit, especially one that is grand and
imposing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thick with sparkling orient gems<BR>
The <i>portal</i> shone.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From out the fiery <i>portal</i> of the
east.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
lesser gate, where there are two of different dimensions.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, a small square corner in a room
separated from the rest of the apartment by wainscoting, forming a
short passage to another apartment.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>By
analogy with the French <i>portail</i>, used by recent writers for the
whole architectural composition which surrounds and includes the
doorways and porches of a church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bridge Building)</i> <def>The space, at one
end, between opposite trusses when these are terminated by inclined
braces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A prayer book or breviary; a portass.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Portal bracing</b></col> <i>(Bridge Building)</i>, <cd>a
combination of struts and ties which lie in the plane of the inclined
braces at a portal, serving to transfer wind pressure from the upper
parts of the trusses to an abutment or pier of the bridge.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Por"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to a porta, especially the porta of the liver; as, the
<i>portal</i> vein, which enters the liver at the porta, and divides
into capillaries after the manner of an artery.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Portal</i> is applied to other veins which break up into
capillaries; as, the renal <i>portal</i> veins in the frog.</p>

<p><hw>||Por`ta*men"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr.
<i>portare</i> to carry.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In singing, or in the use
of the bow, a gradual carrying or lifting of the voice or sound very
smoothly from one note to another; a gliding from tone to
tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Port</u>,
carriage, demeanor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser. Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"tass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>porte-hors</i>
a kind of prayer book, so called from being portable; cf. LL.
<i>portiforium</i>.] <def>A breviary; a prayer book.</def> [Written
variously <i>portace</i>, <i>portasse</i>, <i>portesse</i>,
<i>portise</i>, <i>porthose</i>, <i>portos</i>, <i>portus</i>,
<i>portuse</i>, etc.] [Obs.]  <i>Spenser. Camden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By God and by this <i>porthors</i> I you
swear.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>portatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>portare</i> to carry.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Borne not erect,
but diagonally athwart an escutcheon; as, a cross
<i>portate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>portatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Portable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Capable of holding up or
carrying; as, the <i>portative</i> force of a magnet, of atmospheric
pressure, or of capillarity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port"cluse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
portcullis.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Port`cray"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>porte-
crayon</i>; <i>porter</i> to carry + <i>crayon</i> a crayon.] <def>A
metallic handle with a clasp for holding a crayon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port*cul"lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>porte
coulisse</i>, <i>cole&iuml;ce</i>, a sliding door, fr. L.
<i>colare</i>, <i>colatum</i>, to filter, to strain: cf. F.
<i>couler</i> to glide. See <u>Port</u> a gate, and cf. <u>Cullis</u>,
<u>Colander</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A grating of
iron or of timbers pointed with iron, hung over the gateway of a
fortress, to be let down to prevent the entrance of an enemy.</def>
"Let the <i>portcullis</i> fall."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She . . . the huge <i>portcullis</i> high
updrew.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An English coin of the reign of Elizabeth,
struck for the use of the East India Company; -- so called from its
bearing the figure of a portcullis on the reverse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port*cul"lis</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Portcullised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Portcullising</u>.] <def>To obstruct with, or as with,
a portcullis; to shut; to bar.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Porte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>porte</i> a gate,
L. <i>porta</i>. See <u>Port</u> a gate.] <def>The Ottoman court; the
government of the Turkish empire, officially called the <i>Sublime
Porte</i>, from the gate (<i>port</i>) of the sultan's palace at which
justice was administered.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Porte"-co`ch&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
See <u>Port</u> a gate, and <u>Coach</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A large
doorway allowing vehicles to drive into or through a building. It is
common to have the entrance door open upon the passage of the
<i>porte-coch&egrave;re</i>. Also, a porch over a driveway before an
entrance door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having gates.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We took the sevenfold-<i>ported</i>
Thebes.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"te*gue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Portague</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Porte"mon*naie`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>porter</i> to carry + <i>monnaie</i> money.] <def>A small
pocketbook or wallet for carrying money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Portended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Portending</u>.] [L. <i>portendre</i>, <i>portentum</i>, to
foretell, to predict, to impend, from an old preposition used in comp.
+ <i>tendere</i> to stretch. See <u>Position</u>, <u>Tend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To indicate (events, misfortunes, etc.) as in
future; to foreshow; to foretoken; to bode; -- now used esp. of
unpropitious signs.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many signs <i>portended</i> a dark and stormy
day.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stretch out before.</def> [R.] "Doomed
to feel the great Idomeneus' <i>portended</i> steel."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To foreshow; foretoken; betoken; forebode; augur;
presage; foreshadow; threaten.</p>

<p><hw>Por*ten"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
foreshowing; foreboding.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por*tent"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>portentum</i>. See <u>Portend</u>.] <def>That which portends, or
foretoken; esp., that which portends evil; a sign of coming calamity;
an omen; a sign.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My loss by dire <i>portents</i> the god
foretold.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por*tent"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Presaging;
foreshadowing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por*tent"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>portentosus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of a
portent; containing portents; foreshadowing, esp. foreshadowing ill;
ominous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For, I believe, they are <i>portentous</i>
things.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Victories of strange and almost <i>portentous</i>
splendor.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Monstrous; prodigious; wonderful;
dreadful; as, a beast of <i>portentous</i> size.</def>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Por*tent"ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Por*tent"ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Por"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>portier</i>, L.
<i>portarius</i>, from <i>porta</i> a gate, door. See <u>Port</u> a
gate.] <def>A man who has charge of a door or gate; a doorkeeper; one
who waits at the door to receive messages.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To him the <i>porter</i> openeth.</blockquote> <i>John
x. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>porteur</i>, fr.
<i>porter</i> to carry, L. <i>portare</i>. See <u>Port</u> to carry.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A carrier; one who carries or conveys burdens,
luggage, etc.; for hire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Forging)</i> <def>A bar of iron or steel at
the end of which a forging is made; esp., a long, large bar, to the
end of which a heavy forging is attached, and by means of which the
forging is lifted and handled in hammering and heating; -- called also
<i>porter bar</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A malt liquor, of a dark color and
moderately bitter taste, possessing tonic and intoxicating
qualities.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Porter is said to be so called as having been first used
chiefly by the London <i>porters</i>, and this application of the word
is supposed to be not older than 1750.</p>

<p><hw>Por"ter*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The work of a porter; the occupation of a carrier or of a
doorkeeper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Money charged or paid for the carriage of
burdens or parcels by a porter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"ter*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Portress</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"ter*house</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house where
porter is sold.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Porterhouse steak</b></col>, <cd>a steak cut from a sirloin
of beet, including the upper and under part.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Por"tesse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Porteass</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Port"fire`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A case of strong
paper filled with a composition of niter, sulphur, and mealed powder,
-- used principally to ignite the priming in proving guns, and as an
incendiary material in shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port*fol"io</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>portefeuille</i>; <i>porter</i> to carry + <i>feuille</i> a leaf.
See <u>Port</u> to carry, and <u>Folio</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
portable case for holding loose papers, prints, drawings,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: The office and functions of a
minister of state or member of the cabinet; as, to receive the
<i>portfolio</i> of war; to resign the <i>portfolio</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port"glave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>porte-
glaive</i>; <i>porter</i> to carry + <i>glaive</i> a sword.] <def>A
sword bearer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Port"greve`</hw> (?), <hw>Port"grave`</hw> (?), }[AS.
<i>portger&emacr;fa</i>; <i>port</i> a harbor + <i>ger&emacr;fa</i> a
reeve or sheriff. See <u>Reeve</u> a steward, and cf.
<u>Portreeve</u>.] <def>In old English law, the chief magistrate of a
port or maritime town.; a portreeve.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Port"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>An embrasure in a ship's side. See 3d <u>Port</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port"hook`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>One of the iron hooks to which the port hinges are
attached.</def>  <i>J. Knowles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Port"hors`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Portass</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"ti*co</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Porticoes</b></plw> (#) <i>or</i> <plw><b>Porticos</b></plw>.
[It., L. <i>porticus</i>. See <u>Porch</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
colonnade or covered ambulatory, especially in classical styles of
architecture; usually, a colonnade at the entrance of a
building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"ti*coed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
a portico.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Por`ti&egrave;re""</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>porte</i> gate, door. See <u>Port</u> a gate.] <def>A curtain
hanging across a doorway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"ti*gue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Portague</u>.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"tin*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Portugal; Portuguese.</def> [Obs.] --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Portuguese.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Por"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>portio</i>, akin to <i>pars</i>, <i>partis</i>, a part. See
<u>Part</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
is divided off or separated, as a part from a whole; a separated part
of anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part considered by itself, though not
actually cut off or separated from the whole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These are parts of his ways; but how little a
<i>portion</i> is heard of him!</blockquote> <i>Job xxvi. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Portions</i> and parcels of the dreadful
past.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A part assigned; allotment; share;
fate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lord of that servant . . . will appoint him his
<i>portion</i> with the unbelievers.</blockquote> <i>Luke xii.
46.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man's <i>portion</i> is to die and rise
again.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The part of an estate given to a child or
heir, or descending to him by law, and distributed to him in the
settlement of the estate; an inheritance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me the <i>portion</i> of goods that falleth to
me.</blockquote> <i>Luke xv. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A wife's fortune; a dowry.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Division; share; parcel; quantity; allotment;
dividend.  -- <u>Portion</u>, <u>Part</u>. <i>Part</i> is generic,
having a simple reference to some <i>whole</i>. <i>Portion</i> has the
additional idea of such a division as bears reference to an
individual, or is allotted to some object; as, a <i>portion</i> of
one's time; a <i>portion</i> of Scripture.</p>

<p><hw>Por"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Portioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Portioning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate or divide into
portions or shares; to parcel; to distribute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>portion</i> to his tribes the wide
domain.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endow with a portion or
inheritance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Him <i>portioned</i> maids, apprenticed orphans,
blest.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1117 !></p>

<p><hw>Por"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who portions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>See <u>Portionist</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"tion*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A scholar at Merton College, Oxford, who has a certain academical
allowance or portion; -- corrupted into <i>postmaster</i>.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One of the incumbents of a
benefice which has two or more rectors or vicars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"tion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
portion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"tise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Portass</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Port"land ce*ment"</hw> (?). <def>A cement having the color of
the Portland stone of England, made by calcining an artificial mixture
of carbonate of lime and clay, or sometimes certain natural limestones
or chalky clays. It contains a large proportion of clay, and hardens
under water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port"land stone"</hw> (?). <def>A yellowish-white calcareous
freestone from the Isle of Portland in England, much used in
building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port"land vase`</hw> (?). <def>A celebrated cinerary urn or
vase found in the tomb of the Emperor Alexander Severus. It is owned
by the Duke of Portland, and kept in the British Museum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port"last</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The portoise. See <u>Portoise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being portly; dignity of mien or of
personal appearance; stateliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such pride is praise; such <i>portliness</i> is
honor.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bulkiness; corpulence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Port</u> demeanor.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a dignified port or mien; of a noble
appearance; imposing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bulky; corpulent.</def> "A <i>portly</i>
personage."  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Port"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Portmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>An inhabitant or burgess of a
port, esp. of one of the Cinque Ports.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port*man"teau</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Portmanteaus</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>porte-manteau</i>;
<i>porter</i> to carry + <i>manteau</i> a cloak, mantle. See
<u>Port</u> to carry, and <u>Mantle</u>.] <def>A bag or case, usually
of leather, for carrying wearing apparel, etc., on journeys.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Port*man"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
portmanteau.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Port"mote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In old English
law, a court, or mote, held in a port town.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"toir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., fr. <i>porter</i>
to bear.] <def>One who, or that which, bears; hence, one who, or that
which, produces.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Branches . . . which were <i>portoirs</i>, and bare
grapes.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"toise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps fr. OF.
<i>porteis</i> portative, portable.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The gunwale
of a ship.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To lower the yards a-portoise</b></col>, <cd>to lower them
to the gunwale.</cd> -- <col><b>To ride a portoise</b></col>, <cd>to
ride an anchor with the lower yards and topmasts struck or lowered, as
in a gale of wind.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Por"tos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Portass</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Port"pane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>portare</i> to carry + <i>panis</i> bread; prob. through French.]
<def>A cloth for carrying bread, so as not to touch it with the
hands.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Por"trait</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., originally p. p.
of <i>portraire</i> to portray. See <u>Portray</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The likeness of a person, painted, drawn, or
engraved; commonly, a representation of the human face painted from
real life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>portraits</i>, the grace, and, we may add, the
likeness, consists more in the general air than in the exact
similitude of every feature.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The meaning of the word is sometimes extended so as to
include a photographic likeness.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any graphic or vivid delineation or
description of a person; as, a <i>portrait</i> in words.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Portrait bust</b></col>, or <col><b>Portrait
statue</b></col>, <cd>a bust or statue representing the actual
features or person of an individual; -- in distinction from an
<i>ideal bust</i> or <i>statue</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Por"trait</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To portray; to
draw.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"trait*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A portrait
painter.</def> [R.]  <i>Hamerton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"trai*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>portraiture</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A portrait; a likeness; a
painted resemblance; hence, that which is copied from some example or
model.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For, by the image of my cause, I see<BR>
The <i>portraiture</i> of his.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Divinity maketh the love of ourselves the pattern; the
love of our neighbors but the <i>portraiture</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pictures, collectively; painting.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The art or practice of making
portraits.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"trai*ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To represent
by a portrait, or as by a portrait; to portray.</def> [R.]
<i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por*tray"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>pourtray</i>.] [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>portrayed</u>
(&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Portraying</u>.] [OE.
<i>pourtraien</i>, OF. <i>portraire</i>, <i>pourtraire</i>, F.
<i>portraire</i>, fr. L. <i>protrahere</i>, <i>protractum</i>, to draw
or drag forth; <i>pro</i> forward, forth + <i>trahere</i> to draw. See
<u>Trace</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Protract</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To paint or draw the likeness of; as, to
<i>portray</i> a king on horseback.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take a tile, and lay it before thee, and <i>portray</i>
upon it the city, even Jerusalem.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. iv. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively, to describe in
words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with pictures.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Spear and helmets thronged, and shields<BR>
Various with boastful arguments <i>potrayed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por*tray"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of portraying; description; delineation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por*tray"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
portrays.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Port"reeve`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A port
warden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
porter.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Port-roy"al*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of the dwellers in the Cistercian convent of Port
Royal des Champs, near Paris, when it was the home of the Jansenists
in the 17th century, among them being Arnauld, Pascal, and other
famous scholars.  Cf. <u>Jansenist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Port"sale`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Port</i> gate +
<i>sale</i>.] <def>Public or open sale; auction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Por"tu*a*ry</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Portass</u>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A breviary.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Por"tu*guese</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>portugais</i>, Sp. <i>portugues</i>, Pg. <i>portuguez</i>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to Portugal, or its inhabitants.</def> -- <pos><i>n.
sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of Portugal; people
of Portugal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Portuguese man-of-war</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Physalia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Por`tu*la"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., purslane.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of polypetalous plants; also, any plant of
the genus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Portulaca oleracea</i> is the common purslane. <i>P.
grandiflora</i> is a South American herb, widely cultivated for its
showy crimson, scarlet, yellow, or white, ephemeral blossoms.</p>

<p><hw>Por`tu*la*ca"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants
(<i>Portulacace&aelig;</i>), of which Portulaca is the type, and which
includes also the spring beauty (<i>Claytonia</i>) and other
genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"wi`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Polliwig</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Por"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Porous; as,
<i>pory</i> stone. [R.] Dryden.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po`s&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., placed,
posed.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Standing still, with all the feet on the
ground; -- said of the attitude of a lion, horse, or other
beast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gepose</i>; of
uncertain origin; cf. W. <i>pas</i> a cough, Skr. <i>k&amacr;s</i> to
cough, and E. <i>wheeze</i>.] <def>A cold in the head; catarrh.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pose</i>, fr.
<i>poser</i>. See <u>Pose</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The
attitude or position of a person; the position of the body or of any
member of the body; especially, a position formally assumed for the
sake of effect; an artificial position; as, the <i>pose</i> of an
actor; the <i>pose</i> of an artist's model or of a statue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pose</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Posed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Posing</u>.] [F. <i>poser</i> to place, to put, L. <i>pausare</i>
to pause, in LL. also, to place, put, fr. L. <i>pausa</i> a pause, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to make to cease, prob. akin to E. <i>few</i>. In
compounds, this word appears corresponding to L. <i>ponere</i> to put,
place, the substitution in French having been probably due to
confusion of this word with L. <i>positio</i> position, fr.
<i>ponere</i>. See <u>Few</u>, and cf. <u>Appose</u>, <u>Dispose</u>,
<u>Oppose</u>, <u>Pause</u>, <u>Repose</u>, <u>Position</u>.] <def>To
place in an attitude or fixed position, for the sake of effect; to
arrange the posture and drapery of (a person) in a studied manner; as,
to <i>pose</i> a model for a picture; to <i>pose</i> a sitter for a
portrait.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pose</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To assume and maintain
a studied attitude, with studied arrangement of drapery; to strike an
attitude; to attitudinize; figuratively, to assume or affect a certain
character; as, she <i>poses</i> as a prude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . <i>posed</i> before her as a
hero.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pose</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Shortened from
<i>appose</i>, for <i>oppose</i>. See 2d <u>Appose</u>,
<u>Oppose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To interrogate; to
question.</def> [Obs.] "She . . . <i>posed</i> him and sifted him."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To question with a view to puzzling; to
embarrass by questioning or scrutiny; to bring to a stand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A question wherewith a learned Pharisee thought to
<i>pose</i> and puzzle him.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Posed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Firm; determined;
fixed.</def> "A most <i>posed</i> . . . and grave behavior." [Obs.]
<i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, puzzles; a difficult or inexplicable question or fact.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"sied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inscribed with a
posy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>poised</i> lockets bribe the fair.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to pose
or puzzle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Posited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Positing</u>.] [L. <i>ponere</i>, <i>positum</i>, to place. See
<u>Position</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dispose or set firmly or
fixedly; to place or dispose in relation to other objects.</def>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>To assume as real or
conceded; as, to <i>posit</i> a principle.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>position</i>,
L. <i>positio</i>, fr. <i>ponere</i>, <i>positum</i>, to put, place;
prob. for <i>posino</i>, fr. an old preposition used only in comp.
(akin to Gr. &?;) + <i>sinere</i> to leave, let, permit, place. See
<u>Site</u>, and cf. <u>Composite</u>, <u>Compound</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Depone</u>, <u>Deposit</u>, <u>Expound</u>,
<u>Impostor</u>, <u>Opposite</u>, <u>Propound</u>, <u>Pose</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Posit</u>, <u>Post</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being posited, or placed; the
manner in which anything is placed; attitude; condition; as, a firm,
an inclined, or an upright <i>position</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have different prospects of the same thing,
according to our different <i>positions</i> to it.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The spot where a person or thing is placed
or takes a place; site; place; station; situation; as, the
<i>position</i> of man in creation; the fleet changed its
<i>position</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: The ground which any one takes in an
argument or controversy; the point of view from which any one proceeds
to a discussion; also, a principle laid down as the basis of
reasoning; a proposition; a thesis; as, to define one's
<i>position</i>; to appear in a false <i>position</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not the proof of any <i>position</i> depend on the
<i>positions</i> that follow, but always on those which go
before.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Relative place or standing; social or
official rank; as, a person of <i>position</i>; hence, office; post;
as, to lose one's <i>position</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>A method of solving a
problem by one or two suppositions; -- called also the <i>rule of
trial and error</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angle of position</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the angle
which any line (as that joining two stars) makes with another fixed
line, specifically with a circle of declination.</cd> --
<col><b>Double position</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>the method of
solving problems by proceeding with each of two assumed numbers,
according to the conditions of the problem, and by comparing the
difference of the results with those of the numbers, deducing the
correction to be applied to one of them to obtain the true
result.</cd> -- <col><b>Guns of position</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>heavy fieldpieces, not designed for quick movements.</cd> --
<col><b>Position finder</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a range finder.
See under <u>Range</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Position micrometer</b></col>,
<cd>a micrometer applied to the tube of an astronomical telescope for
measuring angles of position in the field of view.</cd> --
<col><b>Single position</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>the method of
solving problems, in which the result obtained by operating with an
assumed number is to the true result as the number assumed is to the
number required.</cd> -- <col><b>Strategic position</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a position taken up by an army or a large
detachment of troops for the purpose of checking or observing an
opposing force.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Situation; station; place; condition; attitude;
posture; proposition; assertion; thesis.</p>

<p><hw>Po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To indicate
the position of; to place.</def> [R.]  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Po*si"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to position.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ascribing unto plants <i>positional</i>
operations.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>positif</i>,
F. <i>positif</i>, L. <i>positivus</i>. See <u>Position</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a real position, existence, or energy;
existing in fact; real; actual; -- opposed to <i>negative</i>.</def>
"<i>Positive</i> good."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Derived from an object by itself; not
dependent on changing circumstances or relations; absolute; -- opposed
to <i>relative</i>; as, the idea of beauty is not <i>positive</i>, but
depends on the different tastes individuals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Definitely laid down; explicitly stated;
clearly expressed; -- opposed to <i>implied</i>; as, a <i>positive</i>
declaration or promise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Positive</i> words, that he would not bear arms
against King Edward's son.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Not admitting of any doubt,
condition, qualification, or discretion; not dependent on
circumstances or probabilities; not speculative; compelling assent or
obedience; peremptory; indisputable; decisive; as, <i>positive</i>
instructions; <i>positive</i> truth; <i>positive</i> proof.</def> "'T
is <i>positive</i> 'gainst all exceptions."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Prescribed by express enactment or
institution; settled by arbitrary appointment; said of laws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In laws, that which is natural bindeth universally;
that which is <i>positive</i>, not so.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Fully assured; confident; certain;
sometimes, overconfident; dogmatic; overbearing; -- said of
persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>positive</i>, persisting fops we know,<BR>
That, if once wrong, will needs be always.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Having the power of direct action or
influence; as, a <i>positive</i> voice in legislation.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Corresponding with the
original in respect to the position of lights and shades, instead of
having the lights and shades reversed; as, a <i>positive</i>
picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Electro-
positive.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hence, basic; metallic; not
acid; -- opposed to <i>negative</i>, and said of metals, bases, and
basic radicals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Positive crystals</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>a doubly
refracting crystal in which the index of refraction for the
extraordinary ray is greater than for the ordinary ray, and the former
is refracted nearer to the axis than the latter, as quartz and ice; --
opposed to <i>negative crystal</i>, or one in which this
characteristic is reversed, as Iceland spar, tourmaline, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Positive degree</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>that state of an
adjective or adverb which denotes simple quality, without comparison
or relation to increase or diminution; as, <i>wise</i>,
<i>noble</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Positive electricity</b></col>
<i>(Elec)</i>, <cd>the kind of electricity which is developed when
glass is rubbed with silk, or which appears at that pole of a voltaic
battery attached to the plate that is not attacked by the exciting
liquid; -- formerly called <i>vitreous electricity</i>; -- opposed to
<i>negative electricity</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Positive
eyepiece</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Eyepiece</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Positive law</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Municipal law</i>, under
<u>Law</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Positive motion</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>motion which is derived from a driver through unyielding
intermediate pieces, or by direct contact, and not through elastic
connections, nor by means of friction, gravity, etc.; definite
motion.</cd> -- <col><b>Positive philosophy</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Positivism</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Positive pole</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Elec.)</i> <cd>The pole of a battery or pile
which yields positive or vitreous electricity; -- opposed to
<i>negative pole</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Magnetism)</i>
<cd>The north pole</cd>. [R.] -- <col><b>Positive quantity</b></col>
<i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>an affirmative quantity, or one affected by the
sign <i>plus</i> [+].</cd> -- <col><b>Positive rotation</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>left-handed rotation.</cd> -- <col><b>Positive
sign</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the sign [+] denoting <i>plus</i>,
or <i>more</i>, or addition.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pos"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is capable of being affirmed; reality.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which settles by absolute
appointment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The positive degree or
form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A picture in which the
lights and shades correspond in position with those of the original,
instead of being reversed, as in a <i>negative</i>.</def>  <i>R.
Hunt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The positive plate of a
voltaic or electrolytic cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos"i*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a positive
manner; absolutely; really; expressly; with certainty; indubitably;
peremptorily; dogmatically; -- opposed to <i>negatively</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good and evil which is removed may be esteemed good or
evil comparatively, and <i>positively</i> simply.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me some breath, some little pause, my lord,<BR>
Before I <i>positively</i> speak herein.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I would ask . . . whether . . . the divine law does not
<i>positively</i> require humility and meekness.</blockquote>
<i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Positively charged</b></col> or
<col><b>electrified</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>having a charge of
positive electricity; -- opposed to <i>negatively
electrified</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pos"i*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being positive; reality; actualness; certainty; confidence;
peremptoriness; dogmatism. See <u>Positive</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Positiveness</i>, pedantry, and ill
manners.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>positiveness</i> of sins of commission lies both
in the habitude of the will and in the executed act too; the
<i>positiveness</i> of sins of omission is in the habitude of the will
only.</blockquote> <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"i*tiv*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A system of
philosophy originated by M. Auguste Comte, which deals only with
<i>positives</i>. It excludes from philosophy everything but the
natural phenomena or properties of knowable things, together with
their invariable relations of coexistence and succession, as occurring
in time and space. Such relations are denominated <i>laws</i>, which
are to be discovered by observation, experiment, and comparison. This
philosophy holds all inquiry into <i>causes</i>, both efficient and
final, to be useless and unprofitable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos"i*tiv*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in
positivism.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
positivism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos`i*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Positiveness.</def>  <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"i*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Posture</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pos"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>po&ccedil;onet</i>, dim. of <i>po&ccedil;on</i> a pot, a vessel.]
<def>A little basin; a porringer; a skillet.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pos`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pos`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>posologique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to
posology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*sol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; how much +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>posologie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The science
or doctrine of doses; dosology.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1118 !></p>

<p><hw>Pos"po*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pol. <i>pospolite
ruszenie</i> a general summons to arms, an arriere-ban;
<i>pospolity</i> general + <i>ruszenie</i> a stirring.] <def>A kind of
militia in Poland, consisting of the gentry, which, in case of
invasion, was summoned to the defense of the country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poss</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Push</u>.]
<def>To push; to dash; to throw.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A cat . . . <i>possed</i> them [the rats]
about.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"se</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Posse
comitatus</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In posse</b></col>. <cd>See <u>In posse</u> in the
Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pos"se com`i*ta"tus</hw> (?). [L. <i>posse</i> to be able, to
have power + LL. <i>comitatus</i> a county, from <i>comes</i>,
<i>comitis</i>, a count. See <u>County</u>, and <u>Power</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The power of the county, or
the citizens who may be summoned by the sheriff to assist the
authorities in suppressing a riot, or executing any legal precept
which is forcibly opposed.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of people; a throng; a
rabble.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>comitatus</i> is often omitted, and <i>posse</i>
alone used. "A whole <i>posse</i> of enthusiasts."
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As if the passion that rules were the sheriff of the
place, and came off with all the <i>posse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos*sess"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Possessed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Possessing</u>.] [L. <i>possessus</i>, p. p. of
<i>possidere</i> to have, possess, from an inseparable prep. (cf.
<u>Position</u>) + <i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To occupy in person; to hold or actually have
in one's own keeping; to have and to hold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Houses and fields and vineyards shall be
<i>possessed</i> again in this land.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xxxii.
15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet beauty, though injurious, hath strange power,<BR>
After offense returning, to regain<BR>
Love once <i>possessed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have the legal title to; to have a just
right to; to be master of; to own; to have; as, to <i>possess</i>
property, an estate, a book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am yours, and all that I <i>possess</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To obtain occupation or possession of; to
accomplish; to gain; to seize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How . . . to <i>possess</i> the purpose they
desired.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To enter into and influence; to control the
will of; to fill; to affect; -- said especially of evil spirits,
passions, etc.</def> "Weakness <i>possesseth</i> me."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those which were <i>possessed</i> with
devils.</blockquote> <i>Matt. iv. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For ten inspired, ten thousand are
<i>possessed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To put in possession; to make the owner or
holder of property, power, knowledge, etc.; to acquaint; to inform; --
followed by <i>of</i> or <i>with</i> before the thing possessed, and
now commonly used reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>possessed</i> your grace of what I
purpose.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Record a gift . . . of all he dies <i>possessed</i><BR>
Unto his son.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>possessed</i> our selves of the kingdom of
Naples.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>possess</i> our minds with an habitual good
intention.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To have; hold; occupy; control; own.  --
<u>Possess</u>, <u>Have</u>. <i>Have</i> is the more general word. To
<i>possess</i> denotes to <i>have as a property</i>. It usually
implies more permanence or definiteness of control or ownership than
is involved in <i>having</i>. A man does not <i>possess</i> his wife
and children: they are (so to speak) part of himself. For the same
reason, we <i>have</i> the faculties of reason, understanding, will,
sound judgment, etc.: they are exercises of the mind, not
<i>possessions</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Pos*ses"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>possession</i>, L. <i>possessio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or state of possessing, or holding as one's own.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The having, holding, or
detention of property in one's power or command; actual seizin or
occupancy; ownership, whether rightful or wrongful.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Possession may be either actual or constructive; actual,
when a party has the immediate occupancy; constructive, when he has
only the right to such occupancy.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The thing possessed; that which any one
occupies, owns, or controls; in the plural, property in the aggregate;
wealth; dominion; as, foreign <i>possessions</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the young man heard that saying, he went away
sorrowful, for he had great <i>possessions</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt.
xix. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ananias, with Sapphira his wife, sold a
<i>possession</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts v. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The house of Jacob shall possess their
<i>possessions</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ob. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being possessed or controlled,
as by an evil spirit, or violent passions; madness; frenzy; as,
demoniacal <i>possession</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How long hath this <i>possession</i> held the
man?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To give possession</b></col>, <cd>to put in another's power
or occupancy.</cd> -- <col><b>To put in possession</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To invest with ownership or occupancy; to
provide or furnish with; as, <i>to put</i> one <i>in possession</i> of
facts or information</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>To
place one in charge of property recovered in ejectment or writ of
entry.</cd> -- <col><b>To take possession</b></col>, <cd>to enter
upon, or to bring within one's power or occupancy.</cd> --
<col><b>Writ of possession</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a precept
directing a sheriff to put a person in peaceable possession of
property recovered in ejectment or writ of entry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pos*ses"sion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To invest with
property.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pos*ses"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to possession; arising from possession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos*ses"sion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A possessor; a property holder.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Possessioners</i> of riches."  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Having been of old freemen and
<i>possessioners</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An invidious name for a member of any
religious community endowed with property in lands, buildings, etc.,
as contrasted with mendicant friars.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos`ses*si"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the possessive case; as, a <i>possessival</i>
termination.</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos*sess"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>possessivus</i>: cf. F. <i>possessif</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
possession; having or indicating possession.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Possessive case</b></col> <i>(Eng. Gram.)</i>, <cd>the
genitive case; the case of nouns and pronouns which expresses
ownership, origin, or some possessive relation of one thing to
another; as, <i>Homer's</i> admirers; the <i>pear's</i> flavor; the
<i>dog's</i> faithfulness.</cd> -- <col><b>Possessive
pronoun</b></col>, <cd>a pronoun denoting ownership; as, <i>his</i>
name; <i>her</i> home; <i>my</i> book.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pos*sess"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The possessive case.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A possessive pronoun, or a
word in the possessive case.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos*sess"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
possessive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos*sess"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>possesseur</i>.] <def>One who possesses; one who occupies, holds,
owns, or controls; one who has actual participation or enjoyment,
generally of that which is desirable; a proprietor.</def>
"<i>Possessors</i> of eternal glory."  <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As if he had been <i>possessor</i> of the whole
world.</blockquote> <i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Owner; proprietor; master; holder; occupant.</p>

<p><hw>Pos*sess"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>possessorius</i>: cf. F. <i>possessoire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to possession, either as a fact or a right; of the nature of
possession; as, a <i>possessory</i> interest; a <i>possessory</i>
lord.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Possessory action</b></col> or <col><b>suit</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an action to regain or obtain possession of
something. See under <u>Petitory</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pos"set</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>posel</i> curdled
milk, posset.] <def>A beverage composed of hot milk curdled by some
strong infusion, as by wine, etc., -- much in favor formerly.</def> "I
have drugged their <i>posset</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"set</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Posseted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Posseting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To curdle; to turn, as
milk; to coagulate; as, to <i>posset</i> the blood.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with possets; to pamper.</def>
[R.] "She was cosseted and <i>posseted</i>."  <i>O. W. Holmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Possibilities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>possibilit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>possibilitas</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being possible; the power of happening, being, or existing.</def> "All
<i>possibility</i> of error." <i>Hooker.</i> "Latent
<i>possibilities</i> of excellence."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is possible; a contingency; a
thing or event that may not happen; a contingent interest, as in real
or personal estate.</def>  <i>South. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>possibilis</i>, fr. <i>posse</i> to be able, to have power;
<i>potis</i> able, capable + <i>esse</i> to be. See <u>Potent</u>,
<u>Am</u>, and cf. <u>Host</u> a landlord.] <def>Capable of existing
or occurring, or of being conceived or thought of; able to happen;
capable of being done; not contrary to the nature of things; --
sometimes used to express extreme improbability; barely able to be, or
to come to pass; as, possibly he is honest, as it is <i>possible</i>
that Judas meant no wrong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With God all things are <i>possible</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xix. 26.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Practicable; likely. See <u>Practicable</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pos"si*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a possible
manner; by possible means; especially, by extreme, remote, or
improbable intervention, change, or exercise of power; by a chance;
perhaps; as, <i>possibly</i> he may recover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can we . . . <i>possibly</i> his love
desert?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>possibly</i> I can, I will return.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"sum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Shortened from
<i>opossum</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An opossum.</def> [Colloq.
U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>To play possum</b></col>, <col><b>To act possum</b></col>,
<cd>to feign ignorance, indifference or inattention, with the intent
to deceive; to dissemble; -- in allusion to the habit of the opossum,
which feigns death when attacked or alarmed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Post-</hw> (p&omacr;st). [L. <i>post</i> behind, after; cf.
Skr. <i>pa&ccedil;c&amacr;</i>behind, afterwards.] <def>A prefix
signifying <i>behind</i>, <i>back</i>, <i>after</i>; as,
<i>post</i>commissure, <i>post</i>dot, <i>post</i>script.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>aposter</i> to place in
a post or position, generally for a bad purpose.] <def>Hired to do
what is wrong; suborned.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir E. Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS., fr. L. <i>postis</i>,
akin to <i>ponere</i>, <i>positum</i>, to place. See <u>Position</u>,
and cf. 4th <u>Post</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of timber,
metal, or other solid substance, fixed, or to be fixed, firmly in an
upright position, especially when intended as a stay or support to
something else; a pillar; as, a hitching <i>post</i>; a fence
<i>post</i>; the <i>posts</i> of a house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two
side <i>posts</i> and on the upper doorpost of the
houses.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then by main force pulled up, and on his shoulders
bore,<BR>
The gates of Azza, <i>post</i> and massy bar.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Unto his order he was a noble <i>post</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Post</i>, in the sense of an upright timber or strut, is
used in composition, in such words as king-<i>post</i>, queen-
<i>post</i>, crown-<i>post</i>, gate<i>post</i>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The doorpost of a victualer's shop or inn,
on which were chalked the scores of customers; hence, a score; a
debt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When God sends coin<BR>
I will discharge your <i>post</i>.</blockquote> <i>S.
Rowlands.</i></p>

<p><col><b>From pillar to post</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Pillar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Knight of the post</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Knight</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Post hanger</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a bearing for a revolving shaft, adapted to be
fastened to a post.</cd> -- <col><b>Post hole</b></col>, <cd>a hole in
the ground to set the foot of a post in.</cd> -- <col><b>Post
mill</b></col>, <cd>a form of windmill so constructed that the whole
fabric rests on a vertical axis firmly fastened to the ground, and
capable of being turned as the direction of the wind varies.</cd> --
<col><b>Post and stall</b></col> <i>(Coal Mining)</i>, <cd>a mode of
working in which pillars of coal are left to support the roof of the
mine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Post</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>poste</i>, LL.
<i>posta</i> station, post (where horses were kept), properly, a fixed
or set place, fem. fr. L. <i>positus</i> placed, p. p. of
<i>ponere</i>. See <u>Position</u>, and cf. <u>Post</u> a pillar.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The place at which anything is stopped,
placed, or fixed; a station.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A station, or one of a series of stations, established for the
refreshment and accommodation of travelers on some recognized route;
as, a stage or railway <i>post</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
military station; the place at which a soldier or a body of troops is
stationed; also, the troops at such a station.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The piece of ground to which a sentinel's
walk is limited.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A messenger who goes from station; an
express; especially, one who is employed by the government to carry
letters and parcels regularly from one place to another; a letter
carrier; a postman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In certain places there be always fresh <i>posts</i>,
to carry that further which is brought unto them by the
other.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Abbot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I fear my Julia would not deign my lines,<BR>
Receiving them from such a worthless <i>post</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An established conveyance for letters from
one place or station to another; especially, the governmental system
in any country for carrying and distributing letters and parcels; the
post office; the mail; hence, the carriage by which the mail is
transported.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I send you the fair copy of the poem on dullness, which
I should not care to hazard by the common <i>post</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Haste or speed, like that of a messenger or
mail carrier.</def> [Obs.] "In <i>post</i> he came."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One who has charge of a station, especially
of a postal station.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He held office of postmaster, or, as it was then
called, <i>post</i>, for several years.</blockquote>
<i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A station, office, or position of service,
trust, or emolument; as, the <i>post</i> of duty; the <i>post</i> of
danger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>post</i> of honor is a private
station.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A size of printing and writing paper. See
the Table under <u>Paper</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Post and pair</b></col>, <cd>an old game at cards, in which
each player a hand of three cards.</cd> <i>B. Jonson.</i> --
<col><b>Post bag</b></col>, <cd>a mail bag.</cd> -- <col><b>Post
bill</b></col>, <cd>a bill of letters mailed by a postmaster.</cd> --
<col><b>Post chaise</b></col>, or <col><b>Post coach</b></col>, <cd>a
carriage usually with four wheels, for the conveyance of travelers who
travel post.</cd> -- <col><b>Post day</b></col>, <cd>a day on which
the mall arrives or departs.</cd> -- <col><b>Post hackney</b></col>,
<cd>a hired post horse.</cd> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i> -- <col><b>Post
horn</b></col>, <cd>a horn, or trumpet, carried and blown by a carrier
of the public mail, or by a coachman.</cd> -- <col><b>Post
horse</b></col>, <cd>a horse stationed, intended, or used for the
post.</cd> -- <col><b>Post hour</b></col>, <cd>hour for posting
letters.</cd> <i>Dickens.</i> -- <col><b>Post office</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An office under governmental superintendence,
where letters, papers, and other mailable matter, are received and
distributed; a place appointed for attending to all business connected
with the mail</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The governmental system
for forwarding mail matter.</cd> -- <col><b>Postoffice
order</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Money order</i>, under <u>Money</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Post road</b></col>, or <col><b>Post route</b></col>, <cd>a
road or way over which the mail is carried.</cd> -- <col><b>Post
town</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A town in which post horses
are kept</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A town in which a post office
is established by law.</cd> -- <col><b>To ride post</b></col>, <cd>to
ride, as a carrier of dispatches, from place to place; hence, to ride
rapidly, with as little delay as possible.</cd> -- <col><b>To travel
post</b></col>, <cd>to travel, as a post does, by relays of horses, or
by keeping one carriage to which fresh horses are attached at each
stopping place.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Post</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Posted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Posting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To attach to a post, a wall,
or other usual place of affixing public notices; to placard; as, to
<i>post</i> a notice; to <i>post</i> playbills.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly, a large post was erected before the sheriff's
office, or in some public place, upon which legal notices were
displayed. This way of advertisement has not entirely gone of use.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold up to public blame or reproach; to
advertise opprobriously; to denounce by public proclamation; as, to
<i>post</i> one for cowardice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On pain of being <i>posted</i> to your sorrow<BR>
Fail not, at four, to meet me.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To enter (a name) on a list, as for
service, promotion, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To assign to a station; to set; to place;
as, to <i>post</i> a sentinel.</def> "It might be to obtain a ship for
a lieutenant, . . . or to get him <i>posted</i>."  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i> <def>To carry, as an
account, from the journal to the ledger; as, to <i>post</i> an
account; to transfer, as accounts, to the ledger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have not <i>posted</i> your books these ten
years.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To place in the care of the post; to mail;
as, to <i>post</i> a letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To inform; to give the news to; to make
(one) acquainted with the details of a subject; -- often with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thoroughly <i>posted</i> up in the politics and
literature of the day.</blockquote> <i>Lond. Sat. Rev.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To post off</b></col>, <cd>to put off; to delay.</cd>
[Obs.] "Why did I, venturously, <i>post off</i> so great a business?"
<i>Baxter.</i> -- <col><b>To post over</b></col>, <cd>to hurry
over.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>poster</i>. See
4th <u>Post</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To travel with post horses;
figuratively, to travel in haste.</def> "<i>Post</i> seedily to my
lord your husband."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>post</i> o'er land and ocean without
rest.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>To rise and sink in the
saddle, in accordance with the motion of the horse, esp. in
trotting.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Post</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With post horses; hence,
in haste; as, to travel <i>post</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post`-ab*do"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>abdomen</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>That part of a
crustacean behind the cephalothorax; -- more commonly called
<i>abdomen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
carried by, or as by, post.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post"act`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An act done
afterward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The price
established by law to be paid for the conveyance of a letter or other
mailable matter by a public post.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Postage stamp</b></col>, <cd>a government stamp required to
be put upon articles sent by mail in payment of the postage, esp. an
adhesive stamp issued and sold for that purpose.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Post"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>postal</i>.]
<def>Belonging to the post office or mail service; as, <i>postal</i>
arrangements; <i>postal</i> authorities.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Postal card</b></col>, or <col><b>Post card</b></col>,
<cd>a card sold by the government for transmission through the mails,
at a lower rate of postage than a sealed letter. The message is
written on one side of the card, and the direction on the other.</cd>
-- <col><b>Postal money order</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Money order</i>,
under <u>Money</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Postal note</b></col>, <cd>an
order payable to bearer, for a sum of money (in the United States less
than five dollars under existing law), issued from one post office and
payable at another specified office.</cd> -- <col><b>Postal
Union</b></col>, <cd>a union for postal purposes entered into by the
most important powers, or governments, which have agreed to transport
mail matter through their several territories at a stipulated
rate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Post*a"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-</i> +
<i>anal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated behind, or posterior to,
the anus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*ax"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-</i>
+ <i>axial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated behind any transverse
axis in the body of an animal; caudal; posterior; especially, behind,
or on the caudal or posterior (that is, ulnar or fibular) side of, the
axis of a vertebrate limb.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1119 !></p>

<p><hw>Post"boy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who rides post horses; a position; a courier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boy who carries letters from the
post.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"-cap`tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A captain of
a war vessel whose name appeared, or was "posted," in the seniority
list of the British navy, as distinguished from a commander whose name
was not so posted. The term was also used in the United States navy;
but no such commission as <i>post-captain</i> was ever recognized in
either service, and the term has fallen into disuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Post"ca`va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Postcav&aelig;</b></plw> . [NL. See <u>Post-</u>, and
<u>Cave</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The inferior
vena cava.</def> -- <wf>Post"ca`val</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post*clav"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>clavicle</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A bone in the pectoral
girdle of many fishes projecting backward from the clavicle.</def> --
<wf>Post`*cla*vic"u*lar</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Post*com"mis*sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>post-</i> + <i>commisure</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A transverse
commisure in the posterior part of the roof of the third ventricle of
the brain; the posterior cerebral commisure.</def>  <i>B. G.
Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post`com*mun"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>communion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ch. of Eng. &amp; Prot.
Epis. Ch.)</i> <def>The concluding portion of the communion
service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A prayer or prayers
which the priest says at Mass, after the ablutions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Post*cor"nu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Postcornua</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Post-</u>, and
<u>Cornu</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The posterior horn of each lateral
ventricle of the brain.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post"date`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Postdated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Postdating</u>.] [Pref. <i>post-</i> + <i>date</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To date after the real time; as, to
<i>postdate</i> a contract, that is, to date it later than the time
when it was in fact made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To affix a date to after the
event.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"date`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made or done after
the date assigned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of these [predictions] some were <i>postdate</i>;
cunningly made after the thing came to pass.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post"date`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A date put to a bill
of exchange or other paper, later than that when it was actually
made.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Post`di*lu"vi*al</hw> (?), <hw>Post`di*lu"vi*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-</i> + <i>diluvial</i>,
<i>diluvian</i>.] <def>Being or happening after the flood in Noah's
days.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post`di*lu"vi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lived
after the flood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"-dis*sei"zin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>post-</i> + <i>disseizin</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A
subsequent disseizin committed by one of lands which the disseizee had
before recovered of the same disseizor; a writ founded on such
subsequent disseizin, now abolished.</def>  <i>Burrill.
Tomlins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post`-dis*sei"zor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>post-</i> + <i>disseizor</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A person
who disseizes another of lands which the disseizee had before
recovered of the same disseizor.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Post"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., after these or
those (things), afterward.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The return of the judge
before whom a cause was tried, after a verdict, of what was done in
the cause, which is indorsed on the <i>nisi prius</i> record.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Apostle.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post`en*ceph"a*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The metencephalon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"en*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-</i>
+ <i>entry</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A second or subsequent, at
the customhouse, of goods which had been omitted by mistake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i> <def>An additional or
subsequent entry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A large bill or placard intended to be posted in public
places.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who posts bills; a
billposter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who posts, or travels expeditiously; a courier.</def> "<i>Posters</i>
of the sea and land."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A post horse.</def> "<i>Posters</i> at full
gallop."  <i>C. Lever.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos*te"ri*or</hw> (p&obreve;s*t&emacr;"r&ibreve;*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>posterior</i>, compar. of <i>posterus</i>
coming after, from <i>post</i> after. See <u>Post-</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Later in time; hence, later in the order of
proceeding or moving; coming after; -- opposed to
<i>prior</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hesiod was <i>posterior</i> to Homer.</blockquote>
<i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Situated behind; hinder; -- opposed to
<i>anterior</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>At or toward the caudal
extremity; caudal; -- in human anatomy often used for
<i>dorsal</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>On the side next the axis of
inflorescence; -- said of an axillary flower.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos*te`ri*or"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>post&eacute;riorit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state of being later or
subsequent; as, <i>posteriority</i> of time, or of an event; --
opposed to <i>priority</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos*te"ri*or*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Subsequently in time; also, behind in position.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos*te"ri*ors</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The
hinder parts, as of an animal's body.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos*ter"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>posteritas</i>: cf. F. <i>post&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Posterior</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The race that proceeds from
a progenitor; offspring to the furthest generation; the aggregate
number of persons who are descended from an ancestor of a generation;
descendants; -- contrasted with <i>ancestry</i>; as, the
<i>posterity</i> of Abraham.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If [the crown] should not stand in thy
<i>posterity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Succeeding generations; future times.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their names shall be transmitted to
<i>posterity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their names shall be transmitted to
<i>posterity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Smalridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>posterne</i>,
<i>posterle</i>, F. <i>poterne</i>, fr. L. <i>posterula</i>, fr.
<i>posterus</i> coming after. See <u>Posterior</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a back door or gate; a private
entrance; hence, any small door or gate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He by a privy <i>postern</i> took his
flight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Out at the <i>postern</i>, by the abbey
wall.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A subterraneous passage
communicating between the parade and the main ditch, or between the
ditches and the interior of the outworks.</def>  <i>Mahan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"tern</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Back; being behind;
private.</def> "The <i>postern</i> door."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"te*ro</hw><def>- (&?;). A combining form meaning
<i>posterior</i>, <i>back</i>; as, <i>postero</i>-inferior, situated
back and below; <i>postero</i>-lateral, situated back and at the
side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post`ex*ist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>exist</i>.] <def>To exist after; to live subsequently.</def>
[Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Post`ex*ist"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Subsequent
existence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post`ex*ist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Existing or
living after.</def> [R.] "<i>Postexistent</i> atoms."
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post"fact`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Post-</u>,
and <u>Fact</u>.] <def>Relating to a fact that occurs after
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"fact`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fact that occurs
after another.</def> "Confirmed upon the <i>postfact</i>."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Post`fac"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <i>(Rom. &
Eng. Law)</i> <def>Same as <u>Postfact</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"-fine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-</i>
+ <i>fine</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A duty paid to the king by
the cognizee in a fine of lands, when the same was fully passed; --
called also the <i>king's silver</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"fix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Postfixes</b></plw> (#). [Pref. <i>post-</i> + <i>-fix</i>, as
in <i>prefix</i>: cf. F. <i>postfixe</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A
letter, syllable, or word, added to the end of another word; a
suffix.</def>  <i>Parkhurst.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post*fix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To annex;
specifically <i>(Gram.)</i>, to add or annex, as a letter, syllable,
or word, to the end of another or principal word; to suffix.</def>
<i>Parkhurst.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post*fron"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>frontal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated behind the
frontal bone or the frontal region of the skull; -- applied especially
to a bone back of and below the frontal in many animals.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A postfrontal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Post*fur"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Postfurc&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. <i>post</i> behind +
<i>furca</i> a fork.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the internal
thoracic processes of the sternum of an insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*gen"i*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>post-</i> + L. <i>genitura</i> birth, geniture.] <def>The condition
of being born after another in the same family; -- distinguished from
<i>primogeniture</i>.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post*gle"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>glenoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated behind the
glenoid fossa of the temporal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post`haste"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Haste or speed
in traveling, like that of a post or courier.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post`haste</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With speed or
expedition; as, he traveled <i>posthaste</i>; to send
<i>posthaste</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos*thet"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>po`sqh</grk> prepuce + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Circumcision.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A house established for the convenience of the post, where relays
of horses can be obtained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A house for distributing the malls; a post
office.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Post"hume</hw> (?), <hw>Post"humed</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Posthumous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>I. Watts.</i>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post"hu*mous</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>posthumus</i>, <i>postumus</i>, properly, last; hence, late born
(applied to children born after the father's death, or after he had
made his will), superl. of <i>posterus</i>, <i>posterior</i>. See
<u>Posterior</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Born after the death of the
father, or taken from the dead body of the mother; as, a
<i>posthumous</i> son or daughter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Published after the death of the author;
as, <i>posthumous</i> works; a <i>posthumous</i> edition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being or continuing after one's death; as,
a <i>posthumous</i> reputation.</def>  <i>Addison.</i>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post"hu*mous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
posthumous manner; after one's decease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>posticus</i>, fr.
post after, behind.] <def>Backward.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"ti*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>posticus</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Posterior.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Situated on the outer
side of a filament; -- said of an extrorse anther.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos"til</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>postille</i>,
<i>apostille</i>, LL. <i>postilla</i>, probably from L. <i>post
illa</i> (sc. <i>verba</i>) after those (words).  Cf. <u>Apostil</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, an explanatory note in the margin
of the Bible, so called because written after the text; hence, a
marginal note; a comment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Langton also made <i>postils</i> upon the whole
Bible.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch. &amp; Luth. Ch.)</i> <def>A short
homily or commentary on a passage of Scripture; as, the first
<i>postils</i> were composed by order of Charlemagne.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos"til</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>postillare</i>.] <def>To write marginal or explanatory notes on; to
gloss.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"til</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Postiled</u> (&?;) or <u>Postilled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Postiling</u> or <u>Postilling</u>.] <def>To
write postils, or marginal notes; to comment; to postillate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Postiling</i> and allegorizing on
Scripture.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"til*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>postiller</i>.] <def>One who writers marginal notes; one who
illustrates the text of a book by notes in the margin.</def>  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos*til"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>postillon</i>, It. <i>postiglione</i>, fr. <i>posta</i> post. See
<u>Post</u> a postman.] <def>One who rides and guides the first pair
of horses of a coach or post chaise; also, one who rides one of the
horses when one pair only is used.</def> [Written also
<i>postillion</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pos"til*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>postillatus</i>, p. p. of <i>postillare</i>.] <def>To explain by
marginal notes; to postil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tracts . . . <i>postillated</i> by his own
hand.</blockquote> <i>C. Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"til*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To write postils; to comment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To preach by expounding Scripture verse by
verse, in regular order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos`til*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>postillatio</i>.] <def>The act of postillating; exposition of
Scripture in preaching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos"til*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <def>One
who postillates; one who expounds the Scriptures verse by
verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos"til*ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Postiler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of traveling post.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i> <def>The act of
transferring an account, as from the journal to the ledger.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Posting house</b></col>, <cd>a post house.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Post`li*min"i*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Postliminium</u>.] <def>Contrived, done, or existing
subsequently.</def> "<i>Postliminious</i> after applications of them
to their purposes."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post`li*min"i*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or involving, the right of postliminium.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Post`li*min"i*um</hw> (?), <hw>Post*lim"i*ny</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>postliminium</i>, <i>post</i> after +
<i>limen</i>, <i>liminis</i>, a threshold.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>The return to his own country, and his
former privileges, of a person who had gone to sojourn in a foreign
country, or had been banished, or taken by an enemy.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Internat. Law)</i> <def>The right by virtue
of which persons and things taken by an enemy in war are restored to
their former state when coming again under the power of the nation to
which they belonged.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post"lude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-</i> +
<i>-lude</i>, as in <i>prelude</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A voluntary at
the end of a service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Postmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A post or
courier; a letter carrier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>One of the two most
experienced barristers in the Court of Exchequer, who have precedence
in motions; -- so called from the place where he sits. The other of
the two is called the <i>tubman</i>.</def>  <i>Whishaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post"mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mark, or
stamp, of a post office on a letter, giving the place and date of
mailing or of arrival.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"mark`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Postmarked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Postmarking</u>.] <def>To mark with a post-office stamp; as, to
<i>postmark</i> a letter or parcel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who has charge of a station for the accommodation of
travelers; one who supplies post horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has charge of a post office, and
the distribution and forwarding of mails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"mas`ter-gen"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Postmasters-general</b></plw>. <def>The chief
officer of the post-office department of a government. In the United
States the postmaster-general is a member of the cabinet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"mas`ter*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
postmaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post`me*rid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>postmeridianus</i>; <i>post</i> after + <i>meridianus</i>. See
<u>Meridian</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Coming after the sun has
passed the meridian; being in, or belonging to, the afternoon.
(Abbrev. <u>P. M.</u>)</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig., belonging to the after portion of
life; late.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Post-mor"tem</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., after
death.] <def>After death; as, <i>post-mortem</i> rigidity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Post-mortem examination</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an
examination of the body made after the death of the patient; an
autopsy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Post*na"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Post-</u>, and <u>Nares</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The posterior
nares. See <u>Nares</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*na"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-</i>
+ <i>natal</i>.] <def>After birth; subsequent to birth; as,
<i>postnatal</i> infanticide; <i>postnatal</i> diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>postnatus</i>
second or subsequently born; L. <i>post</i> after + <i>natus</i>
born.] <def>Subsequent.</def> "The graces and gifts of the spirit are
<i>postnate</i>." [Archaic]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post" note`</hw> (?). <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A note issued by a
bank, payable at some future specified time, as distinguished from a
note payable on demand.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post*nup"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>nuptial</i>.] <def>Being or happening after marriage; as, a
<i>postnuptial</i> settlement on a wife.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Post-o"bit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <hw>Post-o"bit
bond`</hw>  }. [Pref. <i>post-</i> + <i>obit</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
bond in which the obligor, in consideration of having received a
certain sum of money, binds himself to pay a larger sum, on unusual
interest, on the death of some specified individual from whom he has
expectations.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Post*ob`lon*ga"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Post-</u>, and <u>Oblongata</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The posterior
part of the medulla oblongata.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post*oc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>post-</i> + <i>ocular</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Postorbital</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post" of`fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See under 4th
<u>Post</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*o"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-</i> +
<i>oral</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated behind, or posterior to,
the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*or"bit*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>orbital</i>.] <i>(Anat. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated
behind the orbit; as, the <i>postorbital</i> scales of some fishes and
reptiles.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A postorbital bone or
scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"paid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
postage prepaid, as a letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*pal"a*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>palatine</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated behind the
palate, or behind the palatine bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*pli"o*cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
[Pref. <i>post-</i> + <i>pliocene</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
period immediately following the Pliocene; Pleistocene. Also used as a
noun. See <u>Quaternary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*pone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Postponed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Postponing</u>.] [L. <i>postponere</i>, <i>postpositum</i>;
<i>post</i> after + <i>ponere</i> to place, put. See <u>Post-</u>, and
<u>Position</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To defer to a future or
later time; to put off; also, to cause to be deferred or put off; to
delay; to adjourn; as, to <i>postpone</i> the consideration of a bill
to the following day, or indefinitely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His praise <i>postponed</i>, and never to be
paid.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place after, behind, or below something,
in respect to precedence, preference, value, or importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All other considerations should give way and be
<i>postponed</i> to this.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To adjourn; defer; delay; procrastinate.</p>

<p><hw>Post*pone"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
postponing; a deferring, or putting off, to a future time; a temporary
delay.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post*pon"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>postponens</i>, p. pr.] <def>The act of postponing, in sense
2.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post*pon"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
postpones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Postposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Postposing</u>.] [F. <i>postposer</i>. See <u>Post-</u>, and
<u>Pose</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To postpone.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post*pos"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>postpositus</i>, p. p. See <u>Postpone</u>.] <def>To
postpone.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>postposition</i>. See <u>Postpone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of placing after, or the state of being placed after.</def> "The
<i>postposition</i> of the nominative case to the verb."
<i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1120 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A word or particle placed after, or at the
end of, another word; -- distinguished from
<i>preposition</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post`po*si"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to postposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*pos"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Postpone</u>.] <def>Placed after another word; as, a
<i>postpositive</i> conjunction; a <i>postpositive</i> letter.</def> -
- <wf>Post*pos"i*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Post*pran"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>prandial</i>.] <def>Happening, or done, after dinner; after-
dinner; as, <i>postprandial</i> speeches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos*tre`mo*gen"i*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>postremus</i> last + <i>genitura</i> birth, geniture.] <def>The
right of the youngest born.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post`re*mote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>remote</i>.] <def>More remote in subsequent time or
order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post"rid`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who rides
over a post road to carry the mails.</def>  <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Post*scap"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Post-</u>, and <u>Scapula</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The part of the
scapula behind or below the spine, or mesoscapula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*scap"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the postscapula; infraspinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Post*sce"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>post + scena</i> a scene.] <def>The part of a theater behind the
scenes; the back part of the stage of a theater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>postscribere</i>. See <u>Postscript</u>.] <def>To make a
postscript.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Post"script</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>postscriptus</i>, (assumed) p. p. of <i>postscribere</i> to write
after; <i>post</i> after + <i>scribere</i> to write: cf. F.
<i>postscriptum</i>. See <u>Post-</u>, and <u>Scribe</u>.] <def>A
paragraph added to a letter after it is concluded and signed by the
writer; an addition made to a book or composition after the main body
of the work has been finished, containing something omitted, or
something new occurring to the writer.</def> [Abbrev. P. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Post"script*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
postscript; added in a postscript.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Q. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Post`scu*tel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Post-</u>, and <u>Scutellum</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
hindermost dorsal piece of a thoracic somite of an insect; the plate
behind the scutellum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*sphe"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>sphenoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
posterior part of the sphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post-tem"po*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>temporal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated back of the
temporal bone or the temporal region of the skull; -- applied
especially to a bone which usually connects the supraclavicle with the
skull in the pectoral arch of fishes.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A post-temporal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*ter"ti*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>tertiary</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Following, or more recent
than, the Tertiary; Quaternary.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Post"-tra`gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Post-</u>, and <u>Tragus</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A ridge within
and behind the tragus in the ear of some animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Post`-tym*pan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>tympanic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated behind the
tympanum, or in the skull, behind the auditory meatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos"tu*lant</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>postulans</i>, p. pr. of <i>postulare</i>. See <u>Postulate</u>.]
<def>One who makes a request or demand; hence, a candidate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos"tu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>postulatum</i> a demand, request, prop. p. p. of <i>postulare</i>
to demand, prob. a dim. of <i>poscere</i> to demand, prob. for
<i>porcscere</i>; akin to G. <i>forschen</i> to search, investigate,
Skr. <i>prach</i> to ask, and L. <i>precari</i> to pray: cf. F.
<i>postulat</i>. See <u>Pray</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something
demanded or asserted; especially, a position or supposition assumed
without proof, or one which is considered as self-evident; a truth to
which assent may be demanded or challenged, without argument or
evidence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The enunciation of a self-
evident problem, in distinction from an <i>axiom</i>, which is the
enunciation of a self-evident theorem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The distinction between a <i>postulate</i> and an axiom
lies in this, -- that the latter is admitted to be self-evident, while
the former may be agreed upon between two reasoners, and admitted by
both, but not as proposition which it would be impossible to
deny.</blockquote> <i>Eng. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"tu*late</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Postulated.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"tu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Postulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Postulating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beg, or
assume without proof; as, to <i>postulate</i> conclusions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take without express consent; to
assume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Byzantine emperors appear to have . . .
<i>postulated</i> a sort of paramount supremacy over this
nation.</blockquote> <i>W. Tooke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To invite earnestly; to solicit.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"tu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Assumed
without proof; as, a <i>postulated</i> inference.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos`tu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>postulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>postulation</i>.] <def>The act of
postulating, or that which is postulated; assumption; solicitation;
suit; cause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos"tu*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>postulatorius</i>.] <def>Of the nature of a postulate.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pos`tu*la"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Postulata</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Postulate</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A postulate.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"tu*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Posthumous</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pos"tur*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to posture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>positura</i>, fr. <i>ponere</i>, <i>positum</i>, to place. See
<u>Position</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The position of the body;
the situation or disposition of the several parts of the body with
respect to each other, or for a particular purpose; especially
<i>(Fine Arts)</i>, the position of a figure with regard to the
several principal members by which action is expressed;
attitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Atalanta, the <i>posture</i> of whose limbs was so
lively expressed . . . one would have sworn the very picture had
run.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In most strange <i>postures</i><BR>
We have seen him set himself.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>posture</i> of a poetic figure is a description
of his heroes in the performance of such or such an
action.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Place; position; situation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His [man's] noblest <i>posture</i> and station in this
world.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>State or condition, whether of external
circumstances, or of internal feeling and will; disposition; mood; as,
a <i>posture</i> of defense; the <i>posture</i> of affairs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The several <i>postures</i> of his devout
soul.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Attitude; position. See <u>Attitude</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pos"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Postured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Posturing</u>.] <def>To place in a particular position or attitude;
to dispose the parts of, with reference to a particular purpose; as,
to <i>posture</i> one's self; to <i>posture</i> a model.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pos"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To assume a particular posture or attitude; to contort the body
into artificial attitudes, as an acrobat or contortionist; also, to
pose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To assume a character; as, to
<i>posture</i> as a saint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos`tur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
postures.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Post*zyg`a*poph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Postzygapophyses</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Post-
</u>, and <u>Zygapophysis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A posterior
zygapophysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Posies</b></plw> (#). [Contr. fr. <i>poesy</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A brief poetical sentiment; hence, any brief
sentiment, motto, or legend; especially, one inscribed on a
ring.</def> "The <i>posy</i> of a ring."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Probably so called from the use of flowers as
having an enigmatical significance. <i>Wedgwood</i>.] <def>A flower; a
bouquet; a nosegay.</def> "Bridegroom's <i>posies</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We make a difference between suffering thistles to grow
among us, and wearing them for <i>posies</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG. <i>pott</i>, D.
<i>pot</i>, Dan. <i>potte</i>, Sw. <i>potta</i>, Icel. <i>pottr</i>,
F. <i>pot</i>; of unknown origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A metallic
or earthen vessel, appropriated to any of a great variety of uses, as
for boiling meat or vegetables, for holding liquids, for plants, etc.;
as, a quart <i>pot</i>; a flower <i>pot</i>; a bean
<i>pot</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An earthen or pewter cup for liquors; a
mug.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The quantity contained in a pot; a potful;
as, a <i>pot</i> of ale.</def> "Give her a <i>pot</i> and a cake."
<i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A metal or earthenware extension of a flue
above the top of a chimney; a chimney pot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A crucible; as, a graphite <i>pot</i>; a
melting <i>pot</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A wicker vessel for catching fish, eels,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A perforated cask for draining sugar.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A size of paper. See <u>Pott</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jack pot</b></col>. <cd>See under 2d <u>Jack</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pot cheese</b></col>, <cd>cottage cheese. See under
<u>Cottage</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pot companion</b></col>, <cd>a
companion in drinking.</cd> -- <col><b>Pot hanger</b></col>, <cd>a
pothook.</cd> -- <col><b>Pot herb</b></col>, <cd>any plant, the leaves
or stems of which are boiled for food, as spinach, lamb's-quarters,
purslane, and many others.</cd> -- <col><b>Pot hunter</b></col>,
<cd>one who kills anything and everything that will help to fill has
bag; also, a hunter who shoots game for the table or for the
market.</cd> -- <col><b>Pot metal</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The metal from which iron pots are made, different from common pig
iron</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An alloy of copper with lead used
for making large vessels for various purposes in the arts</cd>.
<i>Ure.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of stained glass, the
colors of which are incorporated with the melted glass in the
pot.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Pot plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>either of the trees which bear the monkey-pot.</cd> -- <col><b>Pot
wheel</b></col> <i>(Hydraul.)</i>, <cd>a noria.</cd> -- <col><b>To go
to pot</b></col>, <cd>to go to destruction; to come to an end of
usefulness; to become refuse.</cd> [Colloq.]  <i>Dryden.</i>   <i>J.
G. Saxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Potted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Potting</u>.] <def>To place or inclose in pots</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To preserve seasoned in pots.</def>
"<i>Potted</i> fowl and fish." <i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>To set out or cover in pots; as, <i>potted</i> plants or
bulbs.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To drain; as, to <i>pot</i>
sugar, by taking it from the cooler, and placing it in hogsheads,
etc., having perforated heads, through which the molasses drains
off.</def> <i>B. Edwards.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Billiards)</i>
<def>To pocket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To tipple; to
drink.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is less labor to plow than to <i>pot</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>potabilis</i>, fr. <i>potare</i> to drink; akin to Gr.
<grk>po`tos</grk> a drinking, <grk>po`sis</grk> a drink, Skr.
<i>p&amacr;</i> to drink, OIr. <i>ibim</i> I drink.  Cf.
<u>Poison</u>, <u>Bib</u>, <u>Imbibe</u>.] <def>Fit to be drunk;
drinkable.</def> "Water fresh and <i>potable</i>." <i>Bacon.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A potable liquid; a beverage.</def> "Useful
in <i>potables</i>."  <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"ta*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being drinkable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pottage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. fr. <i>potage</i>
soup, porridge. See <u>Pottage</u>.] <def>A porringer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*tag"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Potargo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"ale`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The refuse from a
grain distillery, used to fatten swine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*ta"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; river.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A river tortoise; one of a group of tortoises
(<i>Potamites</i>, or <i>Trionychoidea</i>) having a soft shell,
webbed feet, and a sharp beak. See <u>Trionyx</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot`a*mog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; river
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>An account or description of rivers;
potamology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot`a*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; river +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>A scientific account or discussion of rivers; a
treatise on rivers; potamography.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pot`a*mo*spon"gi*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; river + &?; a sponge.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
fresh-water sponges. See <u>Spongilla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>potence</i>. See
<u>Potence</u>, <u>Potency</u>.] <i>(Watch Making)</i> <def>The stud
in which the bearing for the lower pivot of the verge is
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*tar"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Botargo</u>.]
<def>A kind of sauce or pickle.</def>  <i>King.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"ash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pot</i> +
<i>ash</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hydroxide of
potassium hydrate, a hard white brittle substance, KOH, having strong
caustic and alkaline properties; -- hence called also <i>caustic
potash</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The impure potassium
carbonate obtained by leaching wood ashes, either as a strong solution
(<i>lye</i>), or as a white crystalline (<i>pearlash</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"ash`es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Potash.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Po*tas"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. E.
<i>potash</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Potassium
oxide.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Potassium hydroxide,
commonly called <i>caustic potash</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot`ass*am"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Potass</i>ium
+ <i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellowish brown substance
obtained by heating potassium in ammonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*tas"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, potassium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*tas"si*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Potassa</u>, <u>Potash</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An Alkali element
having atomic number 19, occurring abundantly but always combined, as
in the chloride, sulphate, carbonate, or silicate, in the minerals
sylvite, kainite, orthoclase, muscovite, etc. Atomic weight 39.1.
Symbol K (<i>Kalium</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is reduced from the carbonate as a soft white metal,
lighter than water, which oxidizes with the greatest readiness, and,
to be preserved, must be kept under liquid hydrocarbons, as naphtha or
kerosene. Its compounds are very important, being used in glass
making, soap making, in fertilizers, and in many drugs and
chemicals.</p>

<p><col><b>Potassium permanganate</b></col>, <cd>the salt
KMnO<sub>4</sub>, crystallizing in dark red prisms having a greenish
surface color, and dissolving in water with a beautiful purple red
color; -- used as an oxidizer and disinfectant. The name <i>chameleon
mineral</i> is applied to this salt and also to potassium
manganate.</cd> -- <col><b>Potassium bitartrate</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Cream of tartar</i>, under <u>Cream</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pot`ass*ox"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Potass</i>ium
+ <i>ox</i>ygen + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The radical KO,
derived from, and supposed to exist in, potassium hydroxide and other
compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>potatio</i>,
fr. <i>potare</i>. See <u>Potable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of drinking.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A draught.</def> "<i>Potations</i> pottle
deep."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Drink; beverage.</def> "Thin
<i>potations</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*ta"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Potatoes</b></plw> (#). [Sp. <i>patata</i> potato,
<i>batata</i> sweet potato, from the native American name (probably
<i>batata</i>) in Hayti.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
plant (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) of the Nightshade family, and its
esculent farinaceous tuber, of which there are numerous varieties used
for food. It is native of South America, but a form of the species is
found native as far north as New Mexico.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The sweet potato (see below).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Potato beetle</b></col>, <col><b>Potato bug</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A beetle (<i>Doryphora
decemlineata</i>) which feeds, both in the larval and adult stages,
upon the leaves of the potato, often doing great damage. Called also
<i>Colorado potato beetle</i>, and <i>Doryphora</i>.</cd> See
<u>Colorado beetle</u>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The <i>Lema
trilineata</i>, a smaller and more slender striped beetle which feeds
upon the potato plant, bur does less injury than the preceding
species.</cd> -- <col><b>Potato fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of blister beetles infesting the potato
vine. The black species (<i>Lytta atrata</i>), the striped (<i>L.
vittata</i>), and the gray (<i>L. cinerea, or Fabricii</i>) are the
most common. See <i>Blister beetle</i>, under <u>Blister</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Potato rot</b></col>, <cd>a disease of the tubers of the
potato, supposed to be caused by a kind of mold (<i>Peronospora
infestans</i>), which is first seen upon the leaves and stems.</cd> --
<col><b>Potato weevil</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American
weevil (<i>Baridius trinotatus</i>) whose larva lives in and kills the
stalks of potato vines, often causing serious damage to the crop.</cd>
-- <col><b>Potato whisky</b></col>, <cd>a strong, fiery liquor, having
a hot, smoky taste, and rich in amyl alcohol (<i>fusel oil</i>); it is
made from potatoes or potato starch.</cd> -- <col><b>Potato
worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the large green larva of a
sphinx, or hawk moth (<i>Macrosila quinquemaculata</i>); -- called
also <i>tomato worm</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Tomato</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Seaside potato</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd><i>Ipom&oelig;a
Pes-Capr&aelig;</i>, a kind of morning-glory with rounded and
emarginate or bilobed leaves.</cd> [West Indies] -- <col><b>Sweet
potato</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a climbing plant (<i>Ipom&oelig;a
Balatas</i>) allied to the morning-glory. Its farinaceous tubers have
a sweetish taste, and are used, when cooked, for food. It is probably
a native of Brazil, but is cultivated extensively in the warmer parts
of every continent, and even as far north as New Jersey. The name
<i>potato</i> was applied to this plant before it was to the
<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>, and this is the "potato" of the Southern
United States.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild potato</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A vine (<i>Ipom&oelig;a pandurata</i>) having
a pale purplish flower and an enormous root. It is common in sandy
places in the United States.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A similar
tropical American plant (<i>I. fastigiata</i>) which it is thought may
have been the original stock of the sweet potato.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Po*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
drinker.</def> [R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>potatorius</i>, from <i>potare</i> to drink.] <def>Of or pertaining
to drinking.</def>  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"-bel`lied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
protuberant belly, like the bottom of a pot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"-bel`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A protuberant
belly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"boil`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A term applied
derisively to any literary or artistic work, and esp. a painting, done
simply for money and the means of living.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Pot"boy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boy who carries
pots of ale, beer, etc.; a menial in a public house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Potch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Poach</u> to
stab.] <def>To thrust; to push.</def> [Obs.] "I 'll <i>potch</i> at
him some way."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Potch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Poach</u>, to
cook.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Potch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, potches.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Potcher engine</b></col> <i>(Paper Making)</i>, <cd>a
machine in which washed rags are stirred in a bleaching
solution.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pot"e*ca*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
apothecary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Po*teen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. <i>potaim</i>,
<i>poitim</i>, I drink, <i>poitin</i> a small pot.] <def>Whisky;
especially, whisky illicitly distilled by the Irish peasantry.</def>
[Written also <i>potheen</i>, and <i>potteen</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Po"te*lot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,; cf. G.
<i>pottloth</i> black lead.] <i>(Old Chem. &amp; Min.)</i> <def>Molybdenum
sulphide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"tence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>potentia</i> staff, crutch, L., might, power. See <u>Potency</u>.]
<def>Potency; capacity.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1121 !></p>

<p><hw>Po"ten*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>potentia</i>,
from <i>potens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, potent. See <u>Potent</u>, and cf.
<u>Potance</u>, <u>Potence</u>, <u>Puissance</u>.] <def>The quality or
state of being potent; physical or moral power; inherent strength;
energy; ability to effect a purpose; capability; efficacy;
influence.</def> "Drugs of <i>potency</i>."  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A place of <i>potency</i> and away o' the
state.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>potens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>posse</i> to be able, to have power, fr.
<i>potis</i> able, capable (akin to Skr. <i>pati</i> master, lord) +
<i>esse</i> to be. See <u>Host</u> a landlord, <u>Am</u>, and cf.
<u>Despot</u>, <u>Podesta</u>, <u>Possible</u>, <u>Power</u>,
<u>Puissant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Producing great physical
effects; forcible; powerful' efficacious; as, a <i>potent</i>
medicine.</def> "Harsh and <i>potent</i> injuries."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses once more his <i>potent</i> rod
extends.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having great authority, control, or
dominion; puissant; mighty; influential; as, a <i>potent</i>
prince.</def> "A <i>potent</i> dukedom."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Most <i>potent</i>, grave, and reverend
signiors.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Powerful, in an intellectual or moral
sense; having great influence; as, <i>potent</i> interest; a
<i>potent</i> argument.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cross potent</b></col>. <i>(Her.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Illust.</i> (7) of <u>Cross</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Powerful; mighty; puissant; strong; able; efficient;
forcible; efficacious; cogent; influential.</p>

<p><hw>Po"tent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
prince; a potentate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <u>Potence</u>.] <def>A staff or
crutch.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of the furs; a surface
composed of patches which are supposed to represent crutch heads; they
are always alternately argent and azure, unless otherwise specially
mentioned.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Counter potent</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>a fur differing
from potent in the arrangement of the patches.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Po"ten*ta*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Potentate</u>.] <def>Sovereignty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Po"ten*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>potentatus</i>, fr. <i>potentare</i> to exercise power: cf. F.
<i>potentat</i>. See <u>Potent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>One who
is potent; one who possesses great power or sway; a prince, sovereign,
or monarch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The blessed and only <i>potentate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>1 Tim. vi. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cherub and seraph, <i>potentates</i> and
thrones.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*ten"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>potentiel</i>. See <u>Potency</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being
potent; endowed with energy adequate to a result; efficacious;
influential.</def> [Obs.] "And hath in his effect a voice
<i>potential</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Existing in possibility, not in
actuality.</def> "A <i>potential</i> hero."  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Potential</i> existence means merely that the thing
may be at ome time; <i>actual</i> existence, that it now
is.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Potential cautery</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Cautery</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Potential energy</b></col>.
<i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>See the Note under <u>Energy</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Potential mood</b></col>, or <col><b>mode</b></col>
<i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>that form of the verb which is used to express
possibility, liberty, power, will, obligation, or necessity, by the
use of <i>may</i>, <i>can</i>, <i>must</i>, <i>might</i>,
<i>could</i>, <i>would</i>, or <i>should</i>; as, I <i>may go</i>; he
<i>can write</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Po*ten"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything that may be possible; a possibility; potentially.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>In the theory of
gravitation, or of other forces acting in space, a function of the
rectangular coordinates which determine the position of a point, such
that its differential coefficients with respect to the
co&ouml;rdinates are equal to the components of the force at the point
considered; -- also called <i>potential function</i>, or <i>force
function</i>. It is called also <i>Newtonian potential</i> when the
force is directed to a fixed center and is inversely as the square of
the distance from the center.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The energy of an electrical
charge measured by its power to do work; hence, the degree of
electrification as referred to some standard, as that of the earth;
electro-motive force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*ten`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being potential; possibility, not actuality;
inherent capability or disposition, not actually exhibited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*ten"tial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With power; potently.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a potential manner; possibly, not
positively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The duration of human souls is only <i>potentially</i>
infinite.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*ten"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Potentiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Potentiating</u>.] <def>To render active or
potent.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*ten`ti*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Potential</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An instrument
for measuring or comparing electrial potentials or electro-motive
forces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"ten*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Potentized</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Potentizing</u>.] <def>To render the latent power of (anything)
available.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"tent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With great
force or energy; powerfully; efficaciously.</def> "You are
<i>potently</i> opposed."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"tent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being potent; powerfulness; potency; efficacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"tes*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chief ruler;
a potentate. [Obs.] <i>Wyclif</i>.</def> "An irous <i>potestate</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po*tes"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>potestativus</i>, fr. <i>potestas</i> power: cf. F.
<i>potestatif</i>. See <u>Potent</u>.] <def>Authoritative.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"gun`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A pot-shaped cannon; a mortar.</def> [Obs.] "Twelve
<i>potguns</i> of brass."  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A popgun.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poth"e*ca*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
apothecary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Po*theen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Poteen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>peuteren</i>
to rummage, poke.  Cf. <u>Potter</u>, <u>Pudder</u>.] <def>Bustle;
confusion; tumult; flutter; bother.</def> [Written also <i>potter</i>,
and <i>pudder</i>.] "What a <i>pother</i> and stir!" <i>Oldham.</i>
"Coming on with a terrible <i>pother</i>." <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poth"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a bustle or
stir; to be fussy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poth"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pothered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pothering</u>.] <def>To harass and perplex; to worry.</def>
"<i>Pothers</i> and wearies himself."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A circular hole
formed in the rocky beds of rivers by the grinding action of stones or
gravel whirled round by the water in what was at first a natural
depression of the rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"hook`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An <universbold>S</universbold>-shaped hook on which pots and
kettles are hung over an open fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A written character curved like a pothook;
(<i>pl.</i>) a scrawled writing.</def> "I long to be spelling her
Arabic scrawls and <i>pothooks</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
alehouse.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Po`ti*cho*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <hw>||Po`ti*cho*ma"nie</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>potichomanie</i>; <i>potiche</i> a
porcelain vase + <i>manie</i> mania.] <def>The art or process of
coating the inside of glass vessels with engravings or paintings, so
as to give them the appearance of painted ware.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>potio</i>, from
<i>potare</i> to drink: cf. F. <i>potion</i>. See <u>Poison</u>.]
<def>A draught; a dose; usually, a draught or dose of a liquid
medicine.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Po"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drug.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Speed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"lid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lid or cover
of a pot.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Potlid valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve covering a round hole
or the end of a pipe or pump barrel, resembling a potlid in
form.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pot"luck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Whatever may
chance to be in the pot, or may be provided for a meal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman whose <i>potluck</i> was always to be relied
on.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To take potluck</b></col>, <cd>to take what food may chance
to be provided.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pot"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Potmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pot
companion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Life of A. Wood (1663).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A servant in a public house; a
potboy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po*too"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large South American goatsucker (<i>Nyctibius
grandis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po`to*roo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any small kangaroo belonging to <i>Hypsiprymnus</i>,
<i>Bettongia</i>, and allied genera, native of Australia and Tasmania.
Called also <i>kangaroo rat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"pie`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A meat pie which
is boiled instead of being baked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot`pour`ri"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>pot</i>
pot + <i>pourri</i>, p. p. of <i>pourrir</i> to rot, L.
<i>putrere</i>.  Cf. <u>Olla-podrida</u>.] <def>A medley or
mixture.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A ragout
composed of different sorts of meats, vegetables, etc., cooked
together.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A jar or packet of flower
leaves, perfumes, and spices, used to scent a room.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A piece of music made up of different airs
strung together; a medley.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A literary
production composed of parts brought together without order or bond of
connection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pots"dam group`</hw> (&?;). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A subdivision
of the Primordial or Cambrian period in American geology; -- so named
from the sandstone of <i>Potsdam</i>, New York. See <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pot"shard`</hw> (?), <hw>Pot"share`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A potsherd.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"sherd`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pot</i> +
<i>sherd</i> or <i>shard</i>.] <def>A piece or fragment of a broken
pot.</def>  <i>Job ii. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
variety of steatite sometimes manufactured into culinary
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"-sure`</hw> (-sh&udd;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made
confident by drink.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pott</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A size of paper. See
under <u>Paper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"tage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>potage</i>,
fr. <i>pot</i> pot. See <u>Pot</u>, and cf. <u>Porridge</u>,
<u>Porringer</u>.] <def>A kind of food made by boiling vegetables or
meat, or both together, in water, until soft; a thick soup or
porridge.</def> [Written also <i>potage</i>.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then Jacob gave Esau bread and <i>pottage</i> of
lentils.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxv. 34.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Old pot
metal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot*teen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Poteen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>potier</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One whose occupation is to make earthen
vessels.</def>  <i>Ps. ii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>potter</i> heard, and stopped his
wheel.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who hawks crockery or
earthenware.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who pots meats or other
eatables.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The red-bellied
terrapin. See <u>Terrapin</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Potter's asthma</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>emphysema of
the lungs; -- so called because very prevalent among potters.</cd>
<i>Parkers.</i> -- <col><b>Potter's clay</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Clay</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Potter's field</b></col>, <cd>a public
burial place, especially in a city, for paupers, unknown persons, and
criminals; -- so named from the field south of Jerusalem, mentioned in
<i>Matt. xxvii. 7.</i></cd> -- <col><b>Potter's ore</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Alquifou</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Potter's wheel</b></col>, <cd>a
horizontal revolving disk on which the clay is molded into form with
the hands or tools.</cd> "My thoughts are whirled like a <i>potter's
wheel</i>." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Potter wasp</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small solitary wasp (<i>Eumenes
fraternal</i>) which constructs a globular nest of mud and sand in
which it deposits insect larv&aelig;, such as cankerworms, as food for
its young.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pot"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pottered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pottering</u>.] [Cf. W. <i>pwtio</i> to poke, or OD. <i>poteren</i>
to search one thoroughly, Sw. <i>p&aring;ta</i>, <i>peta</i>, to pick,
E. <i>pother</i>, <i>put</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To busy one's
self with trifles; to labor with little purpose, energy, of effect; to
trifle; to pother.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pottering</i> about the Mile End
cottages.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Humphry Ward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk lazily or idly; to
saunter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To poke; to push;
also, to disturb; to confuse; to bother.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to potters.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pottern ore</b></col>, <cd>a species of ore which, from its
aptness to vitrify like the glazing of potter's wares, the miners call
by this name.</cd> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Potteries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>poterie</i>, fr. <i>pot</i>.
See <u>Pot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The vessels or ware made by
potters; earthenware, glazed and baked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place where earthen vessels are
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tippling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of placing in a pot; as, the
<i>potting</i> of plants; the <i>potting</i> of meats for
preservation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The process of putting sugar in casks for
cleansing and draining.</def> [West Indies]  <i>B. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>potel</i>, OF.
<i>potel</i>, dim. of <i>pot</i>. See <u>Pot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A liquid measure of four pints.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pot or tankard.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A dry <i>pottle</i> of sack before him.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vessel or small basket for holding
fruit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had a . . . <i>pottle</i> of strawberries in one
hand.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pottle draught</b></col>, <cd>taking a pottle of liquor at
one draught.</cd> [ Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pot"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A nocturnal mammal (<i>Perodictius potto</i>)
of the Lemur family, found in West Africa. It has rudimentary
forefingers. Called also <i>aposoro</i>, and <i>bush dog</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The kinkajou.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pott's" dis*ease"</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Caries of the
vertebr&aelig;, frequently resulting in curvature of the spine and
paralysis of the lower extremities; -- so named from Percival
<i>Pott</i>, an English surgeon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pott's fracture</b></col>, <cd>a fracture of the lower end
of the fibula, with displacement of the tibia.</cd>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"u*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>potulentus</i>, fr. <i>potus</i> a drinking, drink, fr.
<i>potare</i> to drink.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fit to drink;
potable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nearly drunk; tipsy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pot"-val`iant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
courage given by drink.</def>  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pot"-wal`lop*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A voter in certain boroughs of England, where,
before the passage of the reform bill of 1832, the qualification for
suffrage was to have boiled (walloped) his own pot in the parish for
six months.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who cleans pots; a scullion.</def>
[Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pouch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>poche</i> a pocket,
pouch, bag; probably of Teutonic origin. See <u>Poke</u> a bag, and
cf. <u>Poach</u> to cook eggs, to plunder.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
small bag; usually, a leathern bag; as, a <i>pouch</i> for money; a
shot <i>pouch</i>; a mail <i>pouch</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is shaped like, or used as, a
pouch</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A protuberant belly; a
paunch; -- so called in ridicule.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sac or bag for carrying food or young; as,
the cheek <i>pouches</i> of certain rodents, and the <i>pouch</i> of
marsupials.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cyst or sac
containing fluid.</def> <i>S. Sharp.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A silicle, or short pod, as of the shepherd's
purse.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A bulkhead in the hold of a
vessel, to prevent grain, etc., from shifting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pouch mouth</b></col>, <cd>a mouth with blubbered or
swollen lips.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pouch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pouched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pouching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put or take into a
pouch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To swallow; -- said of fowls.</def>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pout.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pocket; to put up with.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pouched</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having a marsupial pouch; as, the
<i>pouched</i> badger, or the wombat.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Having external cheek pouches; as, the <i>pouched</i>
gopher.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Having internal cheek pouches;
as, the <i>pouched</i> squirrels.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pouched dog</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Zebra
wolf</i>, under <u>Zebra</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pouched frog</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the nototrema, the female of which has a
dorsal pouch in which the eggs are hatched, and in which the young
pass through their brief tadpole stage.</cd> -- <col><b>Pouched
gopher</b></col>, or <col><b>Pouched rat</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Pocket gopher</i>, under
<u>Pocket</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pouched mouse</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Pocket mouse</i>, under
<u>Pocket</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pou"chet box`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Pouncet box</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pouch"-mouthed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
pouch mouth; blobber-lipped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pou*chong"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A superior kind
of souchong tea.</def>  <i>De Colange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pouch"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small British and American pond snail
(<i>Bulinus hypnorum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pou"dre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Powder</u>.]
<def>Dust; powder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Poudre marchant</b></col> [see <u>Merchant</u>], <cd>a kind
of flavoring powder used in the Middle Ages.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pou*drette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>poudre</i> dust, powder. See <u>Powder</u>.] <def>A manure made
from night soil, dried and mixed with charcoal, gypsum, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pou*laine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. soulier &agrave;
la <i>poulaine</i>.] <def>A long pointed shoe. See
<u>Cracowes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poul"da`vis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Poledavy</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Poul"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Powder.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Poul"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pauldron</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Poulp</hw>, <hw>Poulpe</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>poulpe</i>, fr. L. <i>polypus</i>. See <u>Polyp</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Octopus</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Musk poulp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
Mediterranean octopod (<i>Eledone moschata</i>) which emits a strong
odor of musk.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Poult</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pulte</i>, F.
<i>poulet</i>, dim. of <i>poule</i> fowl. See <u>Pullet</u>.] <def>A
young chicken, partridge, grouse, or the like.</def>  <i>King.
Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Starling the heath <i>poults</i> or black
game.</blockquote> <i>R. Jefferise.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poul"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pulter</i>. See
<i>Poult</i>.] <def>A poulterer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poul"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who deals
in poultry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poul"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>puls</i>, pl.
<i>pultes</i>, a thick pap; akin to Gr. <grk>po`ltos</grk>.  Cf.
<u>Pulse</u> seeds.] <def>A soft composition, as of bread, bran, or a
mucilaginous substance, to be applied to sores, inflamed parts of the
body, etc.; a cataplasm.</def> "<i>Poultice</i> relaxeth the pores."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poul"tice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Poulticed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Poulticing</u> (?).] <def>To apply a poultice to; to dress with a
poultice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poul"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A poultice.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poul"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Poult</u>.]
<def>Domestic fowls reared for the table, or for their eggs or
feathers, such as cocks and hens, capons, turkeys, ducks, and
geese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pounce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ponce</i> pumice,
pounce, fr. L. <i>pumex</i>, <i>-icis</i>, pumice. See <u>Pumice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fine powder, as of sandarac, or cuttlefish
bone, -- formerly used to prevent ink from spreading on
manuscript.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1122 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Charcoal dust, or some other colored powder
for making patterns through perforated designs, -- used by
embroiderers, lace makers, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pounce box</b></col>, <cd>a box for sprinkling pounce.</cd>
-- <col><b>Pounce paper</b></col>, <cd>a transparent paper for
tracing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pounce</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pounded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pouncing</u> (?).] <def>To sprinkle or rub with pounce; as, to
<i>pounce</i> paper, or a pattern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pounce</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. through French, from
an assumed LL. <i>punctiare</i> to prick, L. <i>pungere</i>,
<i>punctum</i>. See <u>Puncheon</u>, <u>Punch</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The claw or talon of a bird of
prey.</def>  <i>Spenser. Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A punch or stamp.</def> [Obs.] "A
<i>pounce</i> to print money with."  <i>Withals.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cloth worked in eyelet holes.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Homilies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pounce</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strike or seize with the talons; to pierce, as with the talons.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Stooped from his highest pitch to <i>pounce</i> a
wren.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>pounce</i> him lightly,<BR>
And as he roars and rages, let's go deeper.</blockquote> <i>J.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To punch; to perforate; to stamp holes in,
or dots on, by way of ornament.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pounce</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall suddenly and
seize with the claws; -- with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>; as, a hawk
<i>pounces</i> upon a chicken. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Derision is never so agonizing as when it
<i>pounces</i> on the wanderings of misguided
sensibility.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pounced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with claws or talons; as, the <i>pounced</i> young of
the eagle.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ornamented with perforations or dots.</def>
[Obs.] "Gilt bowls <i>pounced</i> and pierced."  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poun"cet box`</hw> (?). [Cf. F. <i>poncette</i>, fr.
<i>ponce</i> pounce. See <u>Pounce</u> a powder.] <def>A box with a
perforated lid, for sprinkling pounce, or for holding perfumes.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poun"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art or practice of transferring a design by means of
pounce.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Decorative perforation of cloth.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pound</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pounding</u>.] [OE. <i>pounen</i>, AS. <i>punian</i> to bruise.
Cf. <u>Pun</u> a play on words.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike
repeatedly with some heavy instrument; to beat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With cruel blows she <i>pounds</i> her blubbered
cheeks.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To comminute and pulverize by beating; to
bruise or break into fine particles with a pestle or other heavy
instrument; as, to <i>pound</i> spice or salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pound</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strike heavy blows; to beat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To make a jarring noise, as
in running; as, the engine <i>pounds</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>pund</i> an inclosure:
cf. <i>forpyndan</i> to turn away, or to repress, also Icel.
<i>pynda</i> to extort, torment, Ir. <i>pont</i>, pond, pound.  Cf.
<u>Pinder</u>, <u>Pinfold</u>, <u>Pin</u> to inclose, <u>Pond</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure, maintained by public authority,
in which cattle or other animals are confined when taken in
trespassing, or when going at large in violation of law; a
pinfold.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A level stretch in a canal between
locks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fishing)</i> <def>A kind of net, having a
large inclosure with a narrow entrance into which fish are directed by
wings spreading outward.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pound covert</b></col>, <cd>a pound that is close or
covered over, as a shed.</cd> -- <col><b>Pound overt</b></col>, <cd>a
pound that is open overhead.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pound</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To confine in, or as
in, a pound; to impound.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pounds</b></plw> (#), collectively <plw><b>Pound</b></plw> or
<plw><b>Pounds</b></plw>. [AS. <i>pund</i>, fr. L. <i>pondo</i>, akin
to <i>pondus</i> a weight, <i>pendere</i> to weigh. See
<u>Pendant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A certain specified weight;
especially, a legal standard consisting of an established number of
ounces.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The pound in general use in the United States and in England
is the <i>pound avoirdupois</i>, which is divided into sixteen ounces,
and contains 7,000 grains. The <i>pound troy</i> is divided into
twelve ounces, and contains 5,760 grains. 144 pounds avoirdupois are
equal to 175 pounds troy weight. See <u>Avoirdupois</u>, and
<u>Troy</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A British denomination of money of account,
equivalent to twenty shillings sterling, and equal in value to about
$4.86.  There is no coin known by this name, but the gold sovereign is
of the same value.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>pound</i> sterling was in Saxon times, about <u>a.
d.</u> 671, a <i>pound</i> troy of silver, and a shilling was its
twentieth part; consequently the latter was three times as large as it
is at present.  <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pound"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sum deducted from a pound, or a certain sum paid for each
pound; a commission.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A subsidy of twelve pence in the pound,
formerly granted to the crown on all goods exported or imported, and
if by aliens, more.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The sum allowed to a sheriff
or other officer upon the amount realized by an execution; --
estimated in England, and formerly in the United States, at so much of
the pound.</def>  <i>Burrill. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pound"age</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To collect, as
poundage; to assess, or rate, by poundage.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pound"age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Pound</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Confinement of cattle, or other animals, in a
public pound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A charge paid for the release of impounded
cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pound"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 5th
<u>Pound</u>.] <i>(Physics &amp; Mech.)</i> <def>A unit of force based
upon the pound, foot, and second, being the force which, acting on a
pound avoirdupois for one second, causes it to acquire by the of that
time a velocity of one foot per second. It is about equal to the
weight of half an ounce, and is 13,825 dynes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pound"-breach`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The breaking
of a public pound for releasing impounded animals.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pound"cake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of rich,
sweet cake; -- so called from the ingredients being used by pounds, or
in equal quantities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pound"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, pounds, as a stamp in an ore
mill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument used for pounding; a
pestle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing, so called with reference
to a certain number of pounds in value, weight, capacity, etc.; as, a
cannon carrying a twelve-pound ball is called a twelve
<i>pounder</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Before the English reform act of 1867, one who was an
elector by virtue of paying ten pounds rent was called a ten
<i>pounder</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Pound"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of beating, bruising, or breaking up; a
beating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pounded or pulverized substance.</def>
[R.] "Covered with the <i>poundings</i> of these rocks."  <i>J. S.
Blackie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pound"keep`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The keeper of
a pound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pound"*rate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rate or
proportion estimated at a certain amount for each pound;
poundage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poup</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Powp</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pou*part's" lig"a*ment</hw> (?). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
ligament, of fascia, extending, in most mammals, from the ventral side
of the ilium to near the symphysis of the pubic bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pou"pe*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Puppet</u>.]
<def>A puppet, or little baby.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pour</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Poor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pour</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pore.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pour</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Poured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pouring</u>.] [OE. <i>pouren</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. W.
<i>bwrw</i> to cast, throw, shed, <i>bwrw gwlaw</i> to rain.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to flow in a stream, as a liquid or
anything flowing like a liquid, either out of a vessel or into it; as,
to <i>pour</i> water from a pail; to <i>pour</i> wine into a decanter;
to <i>pour</i> oil upon the waters; to <i>pour</i> out sand or
dust.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send forth as in a stream or a flood; to
emit; to let escape freely or wholly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . have <i>poured</i> out my soul before the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. i. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now will I shortly <i>pour</i> out my fury upon
thee.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. vii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>London doth <i>pour</i> out her citizens !</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore did Nature <i>pour</i> her bounties forth<BR>
With such a full and unwithdrawing hand ?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To send forth from, as in a stream; to
discharge uninterruptedly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it for thee the linnet <i>pours</i> his throat
?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pour</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flow, pass, or issue
in a stream, or as a stream; to fall continuously and abundantly; as,
the rain <i>pours</i>; the people <i>poured</i> out of the
theater.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the rude throng <i>pour</i> on with furious
pace.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pour</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stream, or something
like a stream; a flood.</def> [Colloq.] "A <i>pour</i> of rain."
<i>Miss Ferrier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poure"liche`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Poorly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pour"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pours.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pour"lieu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Purlieu</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pour`par`ler"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Diplomacy)</i> <def>A consultation preliminary to a
treaty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pour`par"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pourparties</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Purparty</u>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A division; a divided share.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To make pourparty</b></col>, <cd>to divide and apportion
lands previously held in common.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pour"point</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A quilted
military doublet or gambeson worn in the 14th and 15th centuries;
also, a name for the doublet of the 16th and 17th centuries worn by
civilians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pour*pres"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>See <u>Purpresture</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pour"sui*vant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pursuivant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pour*tray"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Portray</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pour*vey"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Purveyance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pousse</hw> (p&oomac;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pulse;
pease.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pous*sette"</hw> (p&oomac;*s&ebreve;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., pushpin, fr. <i>pousser</i> to push. See <u>Push</u>.] <def>A
movement, or part of a figure, in the contradance.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pous*sette"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform a
certain movement in a dance.</def> [R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Down the middle, up again, <i>poussette</i>, and
cross.</blockquote> <i>J. &amp; H. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pout</hw> (p&oomac;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>poulet</i>.
See <u>Poult</u>.] <def>The young of some birds, as grouse; a young
fowl.</def>  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pout</hw> (p&oomac;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shoot
pouts.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Pout</hw> (pout), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pouted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pouting</u>.] [OE. <i>pouten</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. Prov.
<i>pot</i> lip, Prov. F. <i>potte</i>, faire la <i>potte</i> to pout,
W. <i>pwdu</i> to pout, be sullen, <i>poten</i>, <i>potten</i>, a
paunch, belly.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To thrust out the lips, as in
sullenness or displeasure; hence, to look sullen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>poutest</i> upon thy fortune and thy
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To protrude.</def> "<i>Pouting</i> lips."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sullen protrusion of the
lips; a fit of sullenness.</def> "Jack's in the <i>pouts</i>."  <i>J.
& H. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Eelpout</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European whiting pout or bib.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Eel pout</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Eelpout</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Horn pout</b></col>, or <col><b>Horned
pout</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Bullhead</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pout"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, pouts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. E. <i>pout</i>, and G. <i>puter</i>
turkey.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of the domestic pigeon
remarkable for the extent to which it is able to dilate its throat and
breast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pout"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Childish
sullenness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pout"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pouting, or
a sullen, manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pov"ert</hw> (p&obreve;v"&etilde;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Poverty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pov"er*ty</hw> (p&obreve;v"&etilde;r*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>poverte</i>, OF. <i>povert&eacute;</i>,
F. <i>pauvret&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>paupertas</i>, fr. <i>pauper</i>
poor. See <u>Poor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state
of being poor or indigent; want or scarcity of means of subsistence;
indigence; need.</def> "Swathed in numblest <i>poverty</i>."
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The drunkard and the glutton shall come to
<i>poverty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxiii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any deficiency of elements or resources
that are needed or desired, or that constitute richness; as,
<i>poverty</i> of soil; <i>poverty</i> of the blood; <i>poverty</i> of
ideas.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Poverty grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to
several slender grasses (as <i>Aristida dichotoma</i>, and
<i>Danthonia spicata</i>) which often spring up on old and worn-out
fields.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Indigence; penury; beggary; need; lack; want;
scantiness; sparingness; meagerness; jejuneness.  <u>Poverty</u>,
<u>Indigence</u>, <u>Pauperism</u>. <i>Poverty</i> is a relative term;
what is <i>poverty</i> to a monarch, would be competence for a day
laborer. <i>Indigence</i> implies extreme distress, and almost
absolute destitution. <i>Pauperism</i> denotes entire dependence upon
public charity, and, therefore, often a hopeless and degraded
state.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pow"an</hw> (?), <hw>Pow"en</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small British lake whitefish (<i>Coregonus
clupeoides</i>, or <i>C. ferus</i>); -- called also <i>gwyniad</i> and
<i>lake herring</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pow"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>poudre</i>,
<i>pouldre</i>, F. <i>poudre</i>, OF. also <i>poldre</i>,
<i>puldre</i>, L. <i>pulvis</i>, <i>pulveris</i>: cf. <i>pollen</i>
fine flour, mill dust, E. <i>pollen</i>.  Cf. <u>Polverine</u>,
<u>Pulverize</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fine particles to which
any dry substance is reduced by pounding, grinding, or triturating, or
into which it falls by decay; dust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grind their bones to <i>powder</i> small.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An explosive mixture used in gunnery,
blasting, etc.; gunpowder. See <u>Gunpowder</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Atlas powder</b></col>, <col><b>Baking powder</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Atlas</u>, <u>Baking</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Powder down</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the peculiar
dust, or exfoliation, of powder-down feathers.</cd> -- <col><b>Powder-
down feather</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of a peculiar kind
of modified feathers which sometimes form patches on certain parts of
some birds. They have a greasy texture and a scaly exfoliation.</cd> -
- <col><b>Powder-down patch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tuft
or patch of powder-down feathers.</cd> -- <col><b>Powder
hose</b></col>, <cd>a tube of strong linen, about an inch in diameter,
filled with powder and used in firing mines.</cd> <i>Farrow.</i> --
<col><b>Powder hoy</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a vessel specially
fitted to carry powder for the supply of war ships. They are usually
painted red and carry a red flag.</cd> -- <col><b>Powder
magazine</b></col>, or <col><b>Powder room</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Magazine</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Powder mine</b></col>, <cd>a mine
exploded by gunpowder. See <u>Mine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Powder
monkey</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a boy formerly employed on war
vessels to carry powder; a powder boy.</cd> -- <col><b>Powder
post</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Dry rot</i>, under <u>Dry</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Powder puff</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Puff</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Pow"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Powdered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Powdering</u>.] [F. <i>poudrer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
reduce to fine particles; to pound, grind, or rub into a powder; to
comminute; to pulverize; to triturate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle with powder, or as with powder;
to be sprinkle; as, to <i>powder</i> the hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A circling zone thou seest<BR>
<i>Powdered</i> with stars.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle with salt; to corn, as
meat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pow"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be reduced to powder; to become like powder; as, some salts
<i>powder</i> easily.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use powder on the hair or skin; as, she
paints and <i>powders</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pow"dered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Reduced to a powder; sprinkled with, or as with,
powder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sprinkled with salt; salted; corned.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Powdered</i> beef, pickled meats.</blockquote>
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sem&eacute;</u>.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pow"der*flask`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flask in
which gunpowder is carried, having a charging tube at the
end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pow"der*horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A horn in
which gunpowder is carried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pow"der*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Powder</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Powdering tub</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A tub or
vessel in which meat is corned or salted</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A heated tub in which an infected lecher was placed for cure.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pow"der*mill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mill in
which gunpowder is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pow"der-post`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected
with dry rot; reduced to dust by rot. See <i>Dry rot</i>, under
<u>Dry</u>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pow"der*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Easily crumbling to pieces; friable; loose; as, a <i>powdery</i>
spar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sprinkled or covered with powder; dusty;
as, the <i>powdery</i> bloom on plums.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Resembling powder; consisting of
powder.</def> "The <i>powdery</i> snow."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pow"dike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>pow</i>,
<i>pou</i>, a pool, a watery or marshy place, fr. E. <i>pool</i>.]
<def>A dike a marsh or fen.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pow"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Powdery</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Poor</u>, the fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pow"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pouer</i>,
<i>poer</i>, OF. <i>poeir</i>, <i>pooir</i>, F. <i>pouvoir</i>, n. &
v., fr. LL. <i>potere</i>, for L. <i>posse</i>, <i>potesse</i>, to be
able, to have power. See <u>Possible</u>, <u>Potent</u>, and cf.
<u>Posse comitatus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ability to act,
regarded as latent or inherent; the faculty of doing or performing
something; capacity for action or performance; capability of producing
an effect, whether physical or moral: potency; might; as, a man of
great <i>power</i>; the <i>power</i> of capillary attraction; money
gives <i>power</i>.</def> "One next himself in <i>power</i>, and next
in crime."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ability, regarded as put forth or exerted;
strength, force, or energy in action; as, the <i>power</i> of steam in
moving an engine; the <i>power</i> of truth, or of argument, in
producing conviction; the <i>power</i> of enthusiasm.</def> "The
<i>power</i> of fancy."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Capacity of undergoing or suffering;
fitness to be acted upon; susceptibility; -- called also <i>passive
power</i>; as, great <i>power</i> of endurance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Power</i>, then, is active and passive; faculty is
active <i>power</i> or capacity; capacity is passive
<i>power</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The exercise of a faculty; the employment
of strength; the exercise of any kind of control; influence; dominion;
sway; command; government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Power</i> is no blessing in itself but when it is
employed to protect the innocent.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The agent exercising an ability to act; an
individual invested with authority; an institution, or government,
which exercises control; as, the great <i>powers</i> of Europe; hence,
often, a superhuman agent; a spirit; a divinity.</def> "The
<i>powers</i> of darkness."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the <i>powers</i> of the heavens shall be
shaken.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxiv. 29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A military or naval force; an army or navy;
a great host.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Never such a <i>power</i> . . . <BR>
Was levied in the body of a land.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1123 !></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A large quantity; a great number; as, a
<i>power</i> o&?; good things.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The rate
at which mechanical energy is exerted or mechanical work performed, as
by an engine or other machine, or an animal, working continuously; as,
an engine of twenty horse <i>power</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The English unit of power used most commonly is the <i>horse
power</i>. See <u>Horse power</u>.</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A mechanical agent; that from which useful
mechanical energy is derived; as, water <i>power</i>; steam
<i>power</i>; hand <i>power</i>, etc.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Applied force; force producing motion or pressure; as, the
<i>power</i> applied at one and of a lever to lift a weight at the
other end.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This use in mechanics, of <i>power</i> as a synonym for
<i>force</i>, is improper and is becoming obsolete.</p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A machine acted upon by an animal, and
serving as a motor to drive other machinery; as, a dog
<i>power</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Power</i> is used adjectively, denoting, driven, or
adapted to be driven, by machinery, and not actuated directly by the
hand or foot; as, a <i>power</i> lathe; a <i>power</i> loom; a
<i>power</i> press.</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The product arising from the
multiplication of a number into itself; as, a square is the second
<i>power</i>, and a cube is third <i>power</i>, of a number.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Mental or moral ability
to act; one of the faculties which are possessed by the mind or soul;
as, the <i>power</i> of thinking, reasoning, judging, willing,
fearing, hoping, etc.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The guiltiness of my mind, the sudden surprise of my
<i>powers</i>, drove the grossness . . . into a received
belief.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Optics)</i> <def>The degree to which a
lens, mirror, or any optical instrument, magnifies; in the telescope,
and usually in the microscope, the number of times it multiplies, or
augments, the apparent diameter of an object; sometimes, in
microscopes, the number of times it multiplies the apparent
surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An authority enabling a
person to dispose of an interest vested either in himself or in
another person; ownership by appointment.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Hence, vested authority to act in a given
case; as, the business was referred to a committee with
<i>power</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Power</i> may be predicated of inanimate agents, like the
winds and waves, electricity and magnetism, gravitation, etc., or of
animal and intelligent beings; and when predicated of these beings, it
may indicate physical, mental, or moral ability or capacity.</p>

<p><col><b>Mechanical powers</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Mechanical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Power loom</b></col>, or
<col><b>Power press</b></col>. <cd>See Def. 8 <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>,
note.</cd> -- <col><b>Power of attorney</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Attorney</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Power of a point</b></col> (relative
to a given curve) <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the result of substituting the
co&ouml;rdinates of any point in that expression which being put equal
to zero forms the equation of the curve; as, <i>x<sup>2</sup> +
y<sup>2</sup> - 100</i> is the <i>power of the point</i> <i>x, y</i>,
relative to the circle <i>x<sup>2</sup> + y<sup>2</sup> - 100 =
0</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pow"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being effected or accomplished by the application of
power; possible.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of exerting power; powerful.</def>
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pow"er*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of power; capable of producing great effects of any kind;
potent; mighty; efficacious; intense; as, a <i>powerful</i> man or
beast; a <i>powerful</i> engine; a <i>powerful</i> argument; a
<i>powerful</i> light; a <i>powerful</i> vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>powerful</i> grace that lies<BR>
In herbs, plants, stones, and their true qualities.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Large; capacious; -- said
of veins of ore.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mighty; strong; potent; forcible; efficacious;
energetic; intense.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Pow"er*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pow"er*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pow"er*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of power,
force, or energy; weak; impotent; not able to produce any
effect.</def> -- <wf>Pow"er*less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pow"er*less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Powl"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>espauleron</i>, from <i>espaule</i> shoulder, F.
<i>&eacute;paule</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Pauldron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Powp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Poop</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pow"ter</hw> (pou"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Pouter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pow"wow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A priest, or conjurer, among the North American
Indians.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be it sagamore, sachem, or <i>powwow</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conjuration attended with great noise and
confusion, and often with feasting, dancing, etc., performed by
Indians for the cure of diseases, to procure success in hunting or in
war, and for other purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Any assembly characterized by noise
and confusion; a noisy frolic or gathering.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pow"wow`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To use conjuration, with noise and confusion, for the cure of
disease, etc., as among the North American Indians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To hold a noisy, disorderly
meeting.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pox</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>pocks</i>, OE.
<i>pokkes</i>. See <u>Pock</u>. It is plural in form but is used as a
singular.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Strictly, a disease by pustules or
eruptions of any kind, but chiefly or wholly restricted to three or
four diseases, -- the smallpox, the chicken pox, and the vaccine and
the venereal diseases.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Pox</i>, when used without an epithet, as in
imprecations, formerly signified <i>smallpox</i>; but it now signifies
<i>syphilis</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Pox</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Poxed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Poxing</u>.] <def>To infect with the pox, or syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>apui</i>,
<i>apoi</i>, a support, prop., staff, F. <i>appui</i>, fr. OF.
<i>apuier</i>, <i>apoier</i>, to support, F. <i>appuyer</i>, fr.
<i>&agrave;</i> to (L. <i>ad</i>) + OF. <i>pui</i>, <i>poi</i>, a
rising ground, hill, L. <i>podium</i>. See <u>Podium</u>, <u>Pew</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A support; -- used in composition; as,
tea<i>poy</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ropedancer's balancing pole.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A long boat hook by which barges are
propelled against the stream.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poy*na"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A poniard.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Lyly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Poynd</hw> (?), <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <hw>Poynd"er</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Poind</u>, <u>Poinder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poy nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Point</u>.]
<def>A bodkin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Poyn"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pointal</u>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Paving or flooring made of small squares or
lozenges set diagonally.</def> [Formerly written <i>pointal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Poy"ou</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South American armadillo (<i>Dasypus sexcinctus</i>). Called
also <i>sixbanded armadillo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See 5th
<u>Pose</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Poz`zu*o*la"na</hw> (?), <hw>Poz`zo*la"*na</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>Volcanic ashes from Pozzuoli, in
Italy, used in the manufacture of a kind of mortar which hardens under
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Praam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>praam</i>; cf. G.
<i>prahm</i>, F. <i>prame</i>; all of Slavonic origin, from a word
akin to E. <i>fare</i>. See <u>Fare</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A flat-
bottomed boat or lighter, -- used in Holland and the Baltic, and
sometimes armed in case of war.</def> [Written also <i>pram</i>, and
<i>prame</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Prac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Practical</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Practical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Artful; deceitful; skillful.</def> [Obs.]
"Cunning sleights and <i>practick</i> knavery."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prac"ti*ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being practicable; practicableness;
feasibility.</def> "The <i>practicability</i> of such a project."
<i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prac"ti*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>practicare</i> to act, transact, fr. L. <i>practicus</i> active,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>practicable</i>, <i>pratiquer</i> to practice. See
<u>Practical</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That may be practiced or
performed; capable of being done or accomplished with available means
or resources; feasible; as, a <i>practicable</i> method; a
<i>practicable</i> aim; a <i>practicable</i> good.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being used; passable; as, a
<i>practicable</i> weapon; a <i>practicable</i> road.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Practicable breach</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a breach
which admits of approach and entrance by an assailing party.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Possible; feasible. -- <u>Practicable</u>,
<u>Possible</u>. A thing may be <i>possible</i>, i. e., not forbidden
by any law of nature, and yet may not now be <i>practicable</i> for
want of the means requisite to its performance.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Prac"ti*ca*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Prac"ti*ca*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Prac"ti*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>practicus</i>
active, Gr. &?; fit for doing or performing, practical, active, fr.
&?; to do, work, effect: cf. F. <i>pratique</i>, formerly also
<i>practique</i>.  Cf. <u>Pragmatic</u>, <u>Practice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to practice or
action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being turned to use or account;
useful, in distinction from <i>ideal</i> or <i>theoretical</i>; as,
<i>practical</i> chemistry.</def> "Man's <i>practical</i>
understanding." <i>South.</i> "For all <i>practical</i> purposes."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Evincing practice or skill; capable of
applying knowledge to some useful end; as, a <i>practical</i> man; a
<i>practical</i> mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Derived from practice; as, <i>practical</i>
skill.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Practical joke</b></col>, <cd>a joke put in practice; a
joke the fun of which consists in something done, in distinction from
something said; esp., a trick played upon a person.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prac`ti*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being practical; practicalness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prac"ti*cal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a practical way; not theoretically; really;
as, to look at things <i>practically</i>; <i>practically</i>
worthless.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By means of practice or use; by experience
or experiment; as, <i>practically</i> wise or skillful;
<i>practically</i> acquainted with a subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In practice or use; as, a medicine
<i>practically</i> safe; theoretically wrong, but <i>practically</i>
right.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prac"ti*cal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Practicality</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prac"ti*cal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render practical.</def> [R.] "<i>Practicalizing</i> influences."
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prac"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>praktike</i>,
<i>practique</i>, F. <i>pratique</i>, formerly also, <i>practique</i>,
LL. <i>practica</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; practical. See
<u>Practical</u>, and cf. <u>Pratique</u>, <u>Pretty</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Frequently repeated or customary action;
habitual performance; a succession of acts of a similar kind; usage;
habit; custom; as, the <i>practice</i> of rising early; the
<i>practice</i> of making regular entries of accounts; the
<i>practice</i> of daily exercise.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>A heart . . . exercised with covetous
<i>practices</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Pet. ii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Customary or constant use; state of being
used.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Obsolete words may be revived when they are more
sounding or more significant than those in
<i>practice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Skill or dexterity acquired by use;
expertness.</def> [R.] "His nice fence and his active
<i>practice</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Actual performance; application of
knowledge; -- opposed to <i>theory</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are two functions of the soul, -- contemplation
and <i>practice</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a distinction, but no opposition, between
theory and <i>practice</i>; each, to a certain extent, supposes the
other; theory is dependent on <i>practice</i>; <i>practice</i> must
have preceded theory.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Systematic exercise for instruction or
discipline; as, the troops are called out for <i>practice</i>; she
neglected <i>practice</i> in music.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Application of science to the wants of men;
the exercise of any profession; professional business; as, the
<i>practice</i> of medicine or law; a large or lucrative
<i>practice</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Practice</i> is exercise of an art, or the
application of a science in life, which application is itself an
art.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Skillful or artful management; dexterity in
contrivance or the use of means; art; stratagem; artifice; plot; --
usually in a bad sense.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He sought to have that by <i>practice</i> which he
could not by prayer.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A easy and concise method of
applying the rules of arithmetic to questions which occur in trade and
business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The form, manner, and order of
conducting and carrying on suits and prosecutions through their
various stages, according to the principles of law and the rules laid
down by the courts.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Custom; usage; habit; manner.</p>

<p><hw>Prac"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Practiced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Practicing</u> (?).] [Often written <i>practise</i>,
<i>practised</i>, <i>practising</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To do or
perform frequently, customarily, or habitually; to make a practice of;
as, to <i>practice</i> gaming.</def> "Incline not my heart . . .
<i>practice</i> wicked works."
  <i>Ps. cxli. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exercise, or follow, as a profession,
trade, art, etc., as, to <i>practice</i> law or medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exercise one's self in, for instruction
or improvement, or to acquire discipline or dexterity; as, to
<i>practice</i> gunnery; to <i>practice</i> music.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put into practice; to carry out; to act
upon; to commit; to execute; to do.</def> "Aught but Talbot's shadow
whereon to <i>practice</i> your severity."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As this advice ye <i>practice</i> or
neglect.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make use of; to employ.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In malice to this good knight's wife, I
<i>practiced</i> Ubaldo and Ricardo to corrupt her.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To teach or accustom by practice; to
train.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In church they are taught to love God; after church
they are <i>practiced</i> to love their neighbor.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prac"tice</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Often written
<i>practise</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perform certain acts
frequently or customarily, either for instruction, profit, or
amusement; as, to <i>practice</i> with the broadsword or with the
rifle; to <i>practice</i> on the piano.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To learn by practice; to form a
habit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall <i>practice</i> how to live
secure.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Practice</i> first over yourself to
reign.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To try artifices or stratagems.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will <i>practice</i> against thee by
poison.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To apply theoretical science or knowledge,
esp. by way of experiment; to exercise or pursue an employment or
profession, esp. that of medicine or of law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I am] little inclined to <i>practice</i> on others,
and as little that others should <i>practice</i> on me.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prac"ticed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Often written
<i>practised</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Experienced; expert;
skilled; as, a <i>practiced</i> marksman.</def> "A <i>practiced</i>
picklock."  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Used habitually; learned by
practice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prac"ti*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Often written
<i>practiser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who practices, or puts
in practice; one who customarily performs certain acts.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who exercises a profession; a
practitioner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who uses art or stratagem.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prac*ti"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>praticien</i>, OF. also <i>practicien</i>.] <def>One who is
acquainted with, or skilled in, anything by practice; a
practitioner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prac"tick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Practice.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prac"ti*sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An agent or
confederate in treachery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prac"tise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Practice</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The analogy of the English language requires that the noun
and verb which are pronounced alike should agree in spelling. Thus we
have <i>notice</i> (n. &amp; v.), <i>noticed</i>, <i>noticing</i>,
<i>noticer</i>; <i>poultice</i> (n. &amp; v.); <i>apprentice</i> (n. &
v.); <i>office</i> (n. &amp; v.), <i>officer</i> (n.); <i>lattice</i>
(n.), <i>latticed</i> (a.); <i>benefice</i> (n.), <i>beneficed</i>
(a.), etc.  Cf. <i>sacrifice</i> (&?;; n. &amp; v.), <i>surmise</i> (&?;;
n. &amp; v.), <i>promise</i> (&?;; n. &amp; v.); <i>compromise</i> (&?;; n. &
v.), etc. Contrast <i>advice</i> (&?;; n.), and <i>advise</i> (&?;);
<i>device</i> (&?;), and <i>devise</i> (&?;), etc.</p>

<p><hw>Prac"ti*sour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
practitioner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prac*ti"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Practician</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is engaged in the
actual use or exercise of any art or profession, particularly that of
law or medicine.</def>  <i>Crabbe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who does anything customarily or
habitually.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sly or artful person.</def>
<i>Whitgift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>General practitioner</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>General</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Doing;
active.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sylvester.</i> -- <wf>Prac"tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The preacher and the people both,<BR>
Then <i>practively</i> did thrive.</blockquote> <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>paard</i>.]
<def>A horse.</def> [Colloq. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;-</hw> (?). <def>A prefix. See <u>Pre-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pr&aelig;"ca`va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pre-</u>, and 1st <u>Cave</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The superior
vena cava.</def> -- <wf>Pr&aelig;"ca`val</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;c"i*pe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., imperative
of <i>praecipere</i> to give rules or precepts. See <u>Precept</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A writ commanding something to
be done, or requiring a reason for neglecting it.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A paper containing the particulars of a writ,
lodged in the office out of which the writ is to be issued.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pr&aelig;"co*ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Precocious</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of birds
including those whose young are able to run about when first
hatched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*co"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Pr&aelig;coces.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pr&aelig;*cog"ni*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecognitus</i>, p. p. of <i>praecognoscere</i> to foreknow. See
<u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Cognition</u>.] <def>This previously known, or
which should be known in order to understand something else.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*com"mis*sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>pr&aelig; + commissure</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A transverse
commissure in the anterior part of the third ventricle of the brain;
the anterior cerebral commissure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*cor"a*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Precoracoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pr&aelig;*cor"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>prae</i> before + <i>cor</i>, <i>cordis</i>, the heart.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The front part of the thoracic region; the
epigastrium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*cor"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Precordial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pr&aelig;*cor"nu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pr&aelig;cornua</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pre-</u>, and
<u>Cornu</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The anterior horn of each lateral
ventricle of the brain.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Predial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;`flo*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Prefloration</u>.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1124 !></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*fo`li*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Prefoliation</u>.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;`max*il"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Premaxilla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*mo"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Premolar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*morse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Premorse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pr&aelig;m`u*ni"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted
from L. <i>praemonere</i> to forewarn, cite. See <u>Admonish</u>.]
<i>(Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The offense of introducing
foreign authority into England, the penalties for which were
originally intended to depress the civil power of the pope in the
kingdom.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The writ grounded on that
offense.</def> <i>Wharton.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The penalty
ascribed for the offense of <i>pr&aelig;munire</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wolsey incurred a <i>pr&aelig;munire</i>, and forfeited
his honor, estate, and life.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The penalties of <i>pr&aelig;munire</i> were subsequently
applied to many other offenses; but prosecutions upon a
<i>pr&aelig;munire</i> are at this day unheard of in the English
courts.  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;m`u*ni"re</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To subject to the penalties of
pr&aelig;munire.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*mu"ni*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Premunitory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pr&aelig;*na"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pre-</u>, <u>Nares</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The anterior nares.
See <u>Nares</u>.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*na"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Prenasal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*no"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pr&aelig;nomina</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. <i>prae</i> before +
<i>nomen</i> name.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>The first name of a
person, by which individuals of the same family were distinguished,
answering to our <i>Christian name</i>, as Caius, Lucius, Marcus,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;`no*min"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to a pr&aelig;nomen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>M. A.
Lower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;`o*per"cu*lum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Preoperculum</u>.</def> --
<wf>Pr&aelig;`o*per"cu*lar</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*o"ral</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Pr&aelig;*pu"bis</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Pr&aelig;*scap"u*la</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Pr&aelig;*scu"tum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Pr&aelig;*ster"num</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Preoral</u>, <u>Prepubis</u>, <u>Prescapula</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;"ter-</hw> (?). <def>A prefix. See <u>Preter-
</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;t"er*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Theol.)</i> <def>See <u>Preterist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;`ter*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pretermit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*tex"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pr&aelig;text&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Pr&aelig;textas</b></plw> (#). [L. (sc. <i>toga</i>), fr.
<i>praetextus</i>, p. p. of <i>praetexere</i> to weave before, to
fringe, border; <i>prae</i> before + <i>texere</i> to weave.] <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A white robe with a purple border, worn by a Roman
boy before he was entitled to wear the <i>toga virilis</i>, or until
about the completion of his fourteenth year, and by girls until their
marriage. It was also worn by magistrates and priests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pretor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pr&aelig;*to"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pretor</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of butterflies
including the satyrs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pretorian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pr&aelig;*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pretorium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pr&aelig;*zyg`a*poph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Prezygapophysis</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Prag*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Prag*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pragmaticus</i> busy, active, skilled in
business, especially in law and state affairs, systematic, Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; a thing done, business, fr. &?; to do: cf. F.
<i>pragmatique</i>. See <u>Practical</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to business or to affairs; of the nature of business;
practical; material; businesslike in habit or manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The next day . . . I began to be very
<i>pragmatical</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We can not always be contemplative, diligent, or
<i>pragmatical</i>, abroad; but have need of some delightful
intermissions.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Low, <i>pragmatical</i>, earthly views of the
gospel.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Busy; specifically, busy in an
objectionable way; officious; fussy and positive; meddlesome.</def>
"<i>Pragmatical</i> officers of justice."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fellow grew so <i>pragmatical</i> that he took upon
him the government of my whole family.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Philosophical; dealing with causes,
reasons, and effects, rather than with details and circumstances; --
said of literature.</def> "<i>Pragmatic</i> history." <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i> "<i>Pragmatic</i> poetry." <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pragmatic sanction</b></col>, <cd>a solemn ordinance or
decree issued by the head or legislature of a state upon weighty
matters; -- a term derived from the Byzantine empire. In European
history, two decrees under this name are particularly celebrated. One
of these, issued by Charles VII. of France, <u>A. D.</u> 1438, was the
foundation of the liberties of the Gallican church; the other, issued
by Charles VI. of Germany, <u>A. D.</u> 1724, settled his hereditary
dominions on his eldest daughter, the Archduchess Maria
Theresa.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prag*mat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One skilled in affairs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My attorney and solicitor too; a fine
<i>pragmatic</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A solemn public ordinance or
decree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A royal <i>pragmatic</i> was accordingly
passed.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prag*mat"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
pragmatical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prag*mat"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being pragmatical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prag"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being pragmatic; in literature, the pragmatic, or
philosophical, method.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The narration of this apparently trifling circumstance
belongs to the <i>pragmatism</i> of the history.</blockquote> <i>A.
Murphy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prag"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
pragmatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prag"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
consider, represent, or embody (something unreal) as fact; to
materialize.</def> [R.] "A <i>pragmatized</i> metaphor."
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Prai`ri`al"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>prairie</i> meadow.] <def>The ninth month of the French Republican
calendar, which dated from September 22, 1792. It began May, 20, and
ended June 18. See <u>Vendemiaire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prai"rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., an extensive
meadow, OF. <i>praerie</i>, LL. <i>prataria</i>, fr. L. <i>pratum</i>
a meadow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An extensive tract of level or
rolling land, destitute of trees, covered with coarse grass, and
usually characterized by a deep, fertile soil. They abound throughout
the Mississippi valley, between the Alleghanies and the Rocky
mountains.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the forests and the <i>prairies</i>,<BR>
From the great lakes of the northland.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A meadow or tract of grass; especially, a
so called natural meadow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prairie chicken</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
American grouse of the genus <i>Tympanuchus</i>, especially <i>T.
Americanus</i> (formerly <i>T. cupido</i>), which inhabits the
prairies of the central United States. Applied also to the sharp-
tailed grouse.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie clover</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>any plant of the leguminous genus <i>Petalostemon</i>, having
small rosy or white flowers in dense terminal heads or spikes. Several
species occur in the prairies of the United States.</cd> --
<col><b>Prairie dock</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a coarse composite
plant (<i>Silphium terebinthaceum</i>) with large rough leaves and
yellow flowers, found in the Western prairies.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie
dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small American rodent
(<i>Cynomys Ludovicianus</i>) allied to the marmots. It inhabits the
plains west of the Mississippi. The prairie dogs burrow in the ground
in large warrens, and have a sharp bark like that of a dog. Called
also <i>prairie marmot</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie grouse</b></col>.
<cd>Same as <i>Prairie chicken</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie
hare</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large long-eared Western
hare (<i>Lepus campestris</i>). See <i>Jack rabbit</i>, under 2d
<u>Jack</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie hawk</b></col>, <col><b>Prairie
falcon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a falcon of Western North
America (<i>Falco Mexicanus</i>). The upper parts are brown. The tail
has transverse bands of white; the under parts, longitudinal streaks
and spots of brown.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie hen</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Prairie chicken</i>, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Prairie itch</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an affection of the
skin attended with intense itching, which is observed in the Northern
and Western United States; -- also called <i>swamp itch</i>, <i>winter
itch</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie marmot</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Prairie dog</i>, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Prairie mole</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
American mole (<i>Scalops argentatus</i>), native of the Western
prairies.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie pigeon</b></col>,
<col><b>plover</b></col>, or <col><b>snipe</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the upland plover. See <u>Plover</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie rattlesnake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the massasauga.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie
snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large harmless American
snake (<i>Masticophis flavigularis</i>). It is pale yellow, tinged
with brown above.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie squirrel</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any American ground squirrel of the genus
<i>Spermophilus</i>, inhabiting prairies; -- called also
<i>gopher</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie turnip</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the edible turnip-shaped farinaceous root of a leguminous plant
(<i>Psoralea esculenta</i>) of the Upper Missouri region; also, the
plant itself. Called also <i>pomme blanche</i>, and <i>pomme de
prairie</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie warbler</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bright-colored American warbler
(<i>Dendroica discolor</i>). The back is olive yellow, with a group of
reddish spots in the middle; the under parts and the parts around the
eyes are bright yellow; the sides of the throat and spots along the
sides, black; three outer tail feathers partly white.</cd> --
<col><b>Prairie wolf</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Coyote</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prais"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit to be
praised; praise-worthy; laudable; commendable.</def>  <i>Wyclif (2
Tim. ii. 15).</i></p>

<p><hw>Prais"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a praisable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Praise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Praised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Praising</u>.] [OE. <i>preisen</i>, OF. <i>preisier</i>,
<i>prisier</i>, F. <i>priser</i>, L. <i>pretiare</i> to prize, fr.
<i>pretium</i> price. See <u>Price</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Appreciate</u>, <u>Praise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Prize</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To commend; to applaud;
to express approbation of; to laud; -- applied to a person or his
acts.</def> "I <i>praise</i> well thy wit."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let her own works <i>praise</i> her in the
gates.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxxi. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>praise</i> not Hector, though his name, we
know,<BR>
Is great in arms; 't is hard to <i>praise</i> a foe.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To extol in words or song; to magnify; to
glorify on account of perfections or excellent works; to do honor to;
to display the excellence of; -- applied especially to the Divine
Being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Praise</i> ye him, all his angels; <i>praise</i> ye
him, all his hosts!</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxlviii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To value; to appraise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To commend; laud; eulogize; celebrate; glorify;
magnify.  -- To <u>Praise</u>, <u>Applaud</u>, <u>Extol</u>. To
<i>praise</i> is to set at high price; to <i>applaud</i> is to greet
with clapping; to <i>extol</i> is to bear aloft, to exalt. We may
<i>praise</i> in the exercise of calm judgment; we usually
<i>applaud</i> from impulse, and on account of some specific act; we
<i>extol</i> under the influence of high admiration, and usually in
strong, if not extravagant, language.</p>

<p><hw>Praise</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>preis</i>, OF.
<i>preis</i> price, worth, value, estimation. See <u>Praise</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Price</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Commendation for worth; approval expressed; honor rendered
because of excellence or worth; laudation; approbation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are men who always confound the <i>praise</i> of
goodness with the practice.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Praise</i> may be expressed by an individual, and thus
differs from <i>fame</i>, <i>renown</i>, and <i>celebrity</i>, which
are always the expression of the approbation of numbers, or public
commendation.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the joyful tribute of gratitude
or homage rendered to the Divine Being; the act of glorifying or
extolling the Creator; worship, particularly worship by song,
distinction from prayer and other acts of worship; as, a service of
<i>praise</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The object, ground, or reason of
praise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is thy <i>praise</i>, and he is thy
God.</blockquote> <i>Deut. x.&?;&?;.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Encomium; honor; eulogy; panegyric; plaudit;
applause; acclaim; eclat; commendation; laudation.</p>

<p><hw>Praise"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Praiseworthy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Praise"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Praiseworthy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Praise"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without praise or
approbation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Praise"-meet`*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
religious service mainly in song.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Praise"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Appraisement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prais"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who praises.</def> "<i>Praisers</i> of men."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An appraiser; a valuator.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Praise"wor`thi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
praiseworthy manner.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Praise"wor`thi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being praiseworthy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Praise"wor`thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy of
praise or applause; commendable; as, <i>praiseworthy</i> action; he
was <i>praiseworthy</i>.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pra"krit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>pr&amacr;k&rsdot;ta</i> original, natural, usual, common, vulgar.]
<def>Any one of the popular dialects descended from, or akin to,
Sanskrit; -- in distinction from the Sanskrit, which was used as a
literary and learned language when no longer spoken by the people.
Pali is one of the <i>Prakrit</i> dialects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pra*krit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
Prakrit.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pram</hw> (?), <hw>Prame</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <u>Praam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prance</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pranced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prancing</u> (?).] [OE. <i>prauncen</i>; probably akin to
<i>prank</i>, v. t. See Prank.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To spring or
bound, as a horse in high mettle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now rule thy <i>prancing</i> steed.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ride on a prancing horse; to ride in an
ostentatious manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The insulting tyrant <i>prancing</i> o'er the
field.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To walk or strut about in a pompous, showy
manner, or with warlike parade.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pran"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A horse which
prances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then came the captain . . . upon a brave
<i>prancer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pran"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>prandium</i> a
repast.] <def>Of or pertaining to a repast, especially to
dinner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pran"gos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name
in Afghanistan.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of umbelliferous plants,
one species of which (<i>P. pabularia</i>), found in Thibet, Cashmere,
Afghanistan, etc., has been used as fodder for cattle. It has
decompound leaves with very long narrow divisions, and a highly
fragrant smell resembling that of new clover hay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prank</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pranked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pranking</u>.] [Cf. E. <i>prink</i>, also G. <i>prangen</i>,
<i>prunken</i>, to shine, to make a show, Dan. <i>prange</i>,
<i>prunke</i>, Sw. <i>prunka</i>, D. <i>pronken</i>.] <def>To adorn in
a showy manner; to dress or equip ostentatiously; -- often followed by
<i>up</i>; as, to <i>prank</i> up the body. See
<u>Prink</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In sumptuous tire she joyed herself to
<i>prank</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make ostentatious
show.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>White houses <i>prank</i> where once were
huts.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gay or sportive action;
a ludicrous, merry, or mischievous trick; a caper; a frolic.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The harpies . . . played their accustomed
<i>pranks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>pranks</i> have been too broad to bear
with.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prank</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of gambols or
tricks.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prank"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who dresses
showily; a prinker.</def> "A <i>pranker</i> or a dancer."
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prank"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of pranks;
frolicsome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>prasius</i>, fr.
Gr. &?; of a leek-green, fr. Gr. &?; a leek: cf. F. <i>prase</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of cryptocrystalline of a leek-green
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pra"se*o-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; leek-green, green, fr. &?; a
leek.] <def>A combining form signifying <i>green</i>; as,
<i>praseo</i>cobalt, a green variety of cobalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pra`se*o*dym"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Praseo-
</i> + di<i>dymium</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An elementary substance,
one of the constituents of didymium; -- so called from the green color
of its salts.  Symbol Ps.  Atomic weight 143.6.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pra"se*o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Praseo-</i> +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of altered iolite of a
green color and greasy luster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pras"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>prasinus</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a leek.] <def>Grass-green; clear, lively green,
without any mixture.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pra"soid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; leek + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Resembling prase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prating</u>.] [Akin to LG. &amp; D. <i>praten</i>, Dan. <i>prate</i>,
Sw. &amp; Icel. <i>prata</i>.] <def>To talk much and to little purpose; to
be loquacious; to speak foolishly; to babble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>prate</i> and talk for life and
honor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And make a fool presume to <i>prate</i> of
love.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter foolishly; to
speak without reason or purpose; to chatter, or babble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What nonsense would the fool, thy master,
<i>prate</i>,<BR>
When thou, his knave, canst talk at such a rate !</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG. &amp; D.
<i>praat</i>, Sw. <i>prat</i>.] <def>Talk to little purpose; trifling
talk; unmeaning loquacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sick of tops, and poetry, and
<i>prate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prate"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Talkative.</def>
[R.]  <i>W. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
prates.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pratique</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pra"tin*cole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any bird of the Old World genus <i>Glareola</i>, or family
<i>Glareolid&aelig;</i>, allied to the plovers. They have long,
pointed wings and a forked tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prat"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With idle
talk; with loquacity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prat"ique</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; cf. It.
<i>pratica</i>, Sp. <i>practica</i>. See <u>Practice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Primarily, liberty of converse;
intercourse; hence, a certificate, given after compliance with
quarantine regulations, permitting a ship to land passengers and crew;
-- a term used particularly in the south of Europe.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1125 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Practice; habits.</def> [Obs.] "One of
English education and <i>pratique</i>."  <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prat"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prattled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prattling</u> (?).] [Freq. <i>of prate</i>.] <def>To talk much and
idly; to prate; hence, to talk lightly and artlessly, like a child; to
utter child's talk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prat"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter as
prattle; to babble; as, to <i>prattle</i> treason.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prat"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Trifling or childish
tattle; empty talk; loquacity on trivial subjects; prate;
babble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mere <i>prattle</i>, without practice.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prat"tle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Prattle.</def> [R.]  <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prat"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
prattles.</def>  <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prav"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pravitas</i>,
from <i>pravus</i> crooked, perverse.] <def>Deterioration; degeneracy;
corruption; especially, moral crookedness; moral perversion;
perverseness; depravity; as, the <i>pravity</i> of human nature.</def>
"The <i>pravity</i> of the will."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prawn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>prane</i>, of
unknown origin; cf. L. <i>perna</i> a sea mussel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of large shrimplike Crustacea having
slender legs and long antenn&aelig;. They mostly belong to the genera
<i>Pandalus</i>, <i>Pal&aelig;mon</i>, <i>Pal&aelig;monetes</i>, and
<i>Peneus</i>, and are much used as food. The common English prawn is
<i>Pal&aelig;mon serratus</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is often applied to any large shrimp.</p>

<p><hw>Prax*in"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; action
+ <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>An instrument, similar to the
phenakistoscope, for presenting to view, or projecting upon a screen,
images the natural motions of real objects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to do. See <u>Practice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Use;
practice; especially, exercise or discipline for a specific purpose or
object.</def> "The <i>praxis</i> and theory of music."
<i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An example or form of exercise, or a
collection of such examples, for practice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pray</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pry</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pray</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Praying</u>.] [OE. <i>preien</i>, OF. <i>preier</i>, F.
<i>prier</i>, L. <i>precari</i>, fr. <i>prex</i>, <i>precis</i>, a
prayer, a request; akin to Skr. <i>prach</i> to ask, AS.
<i>frignan</i>, <i>fr&imacr;nan</i>, <i>fricgan</i>, G. <i>fragen</i>,
Goth. <i>fra&iacute;hnan</i>.  Cf. <u>Deprecate</u>, <u>Imprecate</u>,
<u>Precarious</u>.] <def>To make request with earnestness or zeal, as
for something desired; to make entreaty or supplication; to offer
prayer to a deity or divine being as a religious act; specifically, to
address the Supreme Being with adoration, confession, supplication,
and thanksgiving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> And to his goddess pitously he
<i>preyde</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When thou <i>prayest</i>, enter into thy closet, and
when thou hast shut thy door, <i>pray</i> to thy Father which is in
secret; and thy Father which seeth in secret shall reward thee
openly.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vi. 6.</i></p>

<p><col><b>I pray</b></col>, or (by ellipsis) <col><b>Pray</b></col>,
<cd>I beg; I request; I entreat you; -- used in asking a question,
making a request, introducing a petition, etc.; as, <i>Pray</i>, allow
me to go.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>pray</i>, sir. why am I beaten?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To entreat; supplicate; beg; implore; invoke;
beseech; petition.</p>

<p><hw>Pray</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
address earnest request to; to supplicate; to entreat; to implore; to
beseech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And as this earl was <i>preyed</i>, so did
he.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>pray</i> you . . . by ye reconciled to
God.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. v. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ask earnestly for; to seek to obtain by
supplication; to entreat for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I know not how to <i>pray</i> your
patience.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To effect or accomplish by praying; as, to
<i>pray</i> a soul out of purgatory.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To pray in aid</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To call in as a helper one who has an interest in the cause</cd>.
<i>Bacon.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A phrase often used to signify
claiming the benefit of an argument. See under <u>Aid</u>.</cd>
<i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pray"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who prays; a
supplicant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prayer</hw> (&?;; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>preiere</i>, OF. <i>preiere</i>, F. <i>pri&egrave;re</i>, fr. L.
<i>precarius</i> obtained by prayer, fr. <i>precari</i> to pray. See
<u>Pray</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of praying, or of asking a favor; earnest request or entreaty; hence,
a petition or memorial addressed to a court or a legislative
body.</def> "Their meek <i>preyere</i>."  <i>Chaucer</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of addressing supplication to a
divinity, especially to the true God; the offering of adoration,
confession, supplication, and thanksgiving to the Supreme Being; as,
public <i>prayer</i>; secret <i>prayer</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As he is famed for mildness, peace, and
<i>prayer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The form of words used in praying; a
formula of supplication; an expressed petition; especially, a
supplication addressed to God; as, a written or extemporaneous
<i>prayer</i>; to repeat one's <i>prayers</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He made those excellent <i>prayers</i> which were
published immediately after his death.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Fell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Prayer book</b></col>, <cd>a book containing devotional
prayers.</cd> -- <col><b>Prayer meeting</b></col>, <cd>a meeting or
gathering for prayer to God.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Petition; orison; supplication; entreaty; suit.</p>

<p><hw>Prayer"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to prayer;
praying much or often; devotional.</def> "The <i>prayerful</i> man."
<i>J. S. Blackie.</i> -- <wf>Prayer"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Prayer"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Prayer"less</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not using
prayer; habitually neglecting prayer to God; without prayer.</def>
"The next time you go <i>prayerless</i> to bed."  <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Prayer"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Prayer"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pray"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Pray</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Praying insect</b></col>, <col><b>locust</b></col>, or
mantis <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a mantis, especially <i>Mantis
religiosa</i>. See <u>Mantis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Praying
machine</b></col>, or <col><b>Praying wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel on
which prayers are pasted by Buddhist priests, who then put the wheel
in rapid revolution. Each turn in supposed to have the efficacy of an
oral repetition of all the prayers on the wheel.  Sometimes it is
moved by a stream.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pray"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With supplication
to God.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre-</hw> (?). [L. <i>prae</i>, adv. &amp; prep., before, akin to
<i>pro</i>, and to E. <i>for</i>, prep.: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;-</i>.
See <u>Pro-</u>, and cf. <u>Prior</u>.] <def>A prefix denoting
<i>priority</i> (of time, place, or rank); as, <i>precede</i>, to go
before; <i>pre</i>cursor, a forerunner; <i>pre</i>fix, to fix or place
before; <i>pre</i>&euml;minent eminent before or above others. <i>Pre-
</i> is sometimes used intensively, as in <i>pre</i>potent, very
potent.</def> [Written also <i>pr&aelig;-</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*ac`cu*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Previous
accusation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Preace</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Press.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preach</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Preached</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Preaching</u>.] [OE. <i>prechen</i>, OF. <i>preechier</i>, F.
<i>pr&ecirc;cher</i>, fr. L. <i>praedicare</i> to cry in public, to
proclaim; <i>prae</i> before + <i>dicare</i> to make known,
<i>dicere</i> to say; or perhaps from (assumed) LL.
<i>praedictare</i>. See <u>Diction</u>, and cf. <u>Predicate</u>,
<u>Predict</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To proclaim or publish
tidings; specifically, to proclaim the gospel; to discourse publicly
on a religious subject, or from a text of Scripture; to deliver a
sermon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How shall they <i>preach</i>, except they be
sent?</blockquote> <i>Rom. x. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From that time Jesus began to
<i>preach</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. iv. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give serious advice on morals or
religion; to discourse in the manner of a preacher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Preach</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
proclaim by public discourse; to utter in a sermon or a formal
religious harangue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That Cristes gospel truly wolde
<i>preche</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord hath anointed me to <i>preach</i> good tidings
unto the meek.</blockquote> <i>Isa. lxi. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inculcate in public discourse; to urge
with earnestness by public teaching.</def> "I have <i>preached</i>
righteousness in the great congregation."  <i>Ps. xl. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deliver or pronounce; as, to
<i>preach</i> a sermon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To teach or instruct by preaching; to
inform by preaching.</def> [R.] "As ye are <i>preached</i>."
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To advise or recommend earnestly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My master <i>preaches</i> patience to him.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To preach down</b></col>, <cd>to oppress, or humiliate by
preaching.</cd> <i>Tennyson.</i> -- <col><b>To preach up</b></col>,
<cd>to exalt by preaching; to preach in support of; as, <i>to preach
up</i> equality.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Preach</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pr&ecirc;che</i>,
fr. <i>pr&ecirc;cher</i>. See <u>Preach</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<def>A religious discourse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preach"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>preeschierre</i>, <i>prescheur</i>, F. <i>pr&ecirc;cheur</i>, L.
<i>praedicator</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who preaches; one who
discourses publicly on religious subjects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How shall they hear without a
<i>preacher</i>?</blockquote> <i>Rom. x. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who inculcates anything with
earnestness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>preacher</i> is listened to but
Time.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Preacher bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
toucan.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Preach"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
preacher.</def> "The <i>preachership</i> of the Rolls."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preach"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<i>Preach</i> +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To discourse in the manner of a preacher.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preach"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
delivering a religious discourse; the art of sermonizing; also, a
sermon; a public religious discourse; serious, earnest advice.</def>
<i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Preaching cross</b></col>, <cd>a cross, sometimes
surmounting a pulpit, erected out of doors to designate a preaching
place.</cd> -- <col><b>Preaching friars</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Dominican</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Preach"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Preachmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A preacher; -- so called in
contempt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preach"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A religious
harangue; a sermon; -- used derogatively.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ac*quaint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
acquaint previously or beforehand.</def>  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ac*quaint"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Previous
acquaintance or knowledge.</def>  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act
beforehand; to perform previously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Previous
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`a*dam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prior to
Adam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ad"am*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;adamite</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant of
the earth before Adam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who holds that men existed before
Adam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ad`am*it"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Existing or
occurring before Adam; preadamic; as, <i>preadamitic</i>
periods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ad*just"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Previous
adjustment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ad*min`is*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Previous administration.</def>  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ad*mon"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To admonish
previously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ad`mo*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Previous
warning or admonition; forewarning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ad`ver*tise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
advertise beforehand; to preannounce publicly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"am`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>praeambulum</i>, from L. <i>praeambulus</i> walking before, fr.
<i>praeambulare</i> to walk before; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>ambulare</i> to walk: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;ambule</i>. See
<u>Amble</u>.] <def>A introductory portion; an introduction or
preface, as to a book, document, etc.; specifically, the introductory
part of a statute, which states the reasons and intent of the
law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"am`ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
preamble to; to preface; to serve as a preamble.</def> [R.]
<i>Feltham. Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*am"bu*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>preambulaire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a preamble;
introductory; contained or provided for in a preamble.</def> "A
<i>preambulary</i> tax." [R.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*am"bu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeambulare</i>. See <u>Preamble</u>.] <def>To walk before.</def>
[R.]  <i>Jordan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*am`bu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A walking or going before; precedence.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A preamble.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*am"bu*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Preceding; going before; introductory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Simon Magus had <i>preambulatory</i>
impieties.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*am"bu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Preamble</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>See
<u>Perambulatory</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`an*nounce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
announce beforehand.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*an`te*nul"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
or indicating the fourth syllable from the end of a word, or that
before the antepenult.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`a*or"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>In front, or on the ventral side, of the aorta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ap*point"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To appoint
previously, or beforehand.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ap*point"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Previous
appointment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ap`pre*hen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
apprehension or opinion formed before examination or knowledge.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*arm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
forearm.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre`ar*range"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To arrange
beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prease</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To press; to
crowd.</def> [Obs.] -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A press; a
crowd.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`as*sur"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Previous
assurance.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`a*tax"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Occurring before the symptom ataxia has developed; -- applied to
the early symptoms of locomotor ataxia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*au"di*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<def>Precedence of rank at the bar among lawyers.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ax"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of any transverse axis in the body of an
animal; anterior; cephalic; esp., in front, or on the anterior, or
cephalic (that is, radial or tibial) side of the axis of a
limb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Preb"end</hw> (pr&ebreve;b"&ebreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>pr&eacute;bende</i> (cf. It. &amp; Sp. <i>prebenda</i>), from L.
<i>praebenda</i>, from L. <i>praebere</i> to hold forth, afford,
contr. fr. <i>praehibere</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>habere</i> to
have, hold. See <u>Habit</u>, and cf. <u>Provender</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A payment or stipend; esp., the stipend or
maintenance granted to a prebendary out of the estate of a cathedral
or collegiate church with which he is connected. See <u>Note</u> under
<u>Benefice</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A prebendary.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dignitary prebend</b></col>, <cd>one having jurisdiction
annexed to it.</cd> -- <col><b>Simple prebend</b></col>, <cd>one
without jurisdiction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ben"dal</hw> (pr&esl;*b&ebreve;n"d<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a prebend; holding a
prebend; as, a <i>prebendal</i> priest or stall.</def>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preb"en*da*ry</hw> (pr&ebreve;b"&ebreve;n*d&asl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>praebendarius</i>: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;bendaire</i>. See <u>Prebend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A clergyman attached to a collegiate or cathedral church who
enjoys a prebend in consideration of his officiating at stated times
in the church. See <u>Note</u> under <u>Benefice</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def>  <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A prebendaryship.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preb"en*da*ry*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
of a prebendary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Preb"en*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>praebendatus</i>, p. p. of <i>praebendari</i>.] <def>To invest with
the office of prebendary; to present to a prebend.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preb"end*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
prebendaryship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*bron"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of the bronchus; -- applied especially to an
air sac on either side of the esophagus of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cal"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
calculate or determine beforehand; to prearrange.</def>
<i>Masson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>precans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>precari</i> to pray.] <def>One who
prays.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ca"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>precarius</i> obtained by begging or prayer, depending on request
or on the will of another, fr. <i>precari</i> to pray, beg. See
<u>Pray</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Depending on the will or
pleasure of another; held by courtesy; liable to be changed or lost at
the pleasure of another; as, <i>precarious</i> privileges.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Held by a doubtful tenure; depending on
unknown causes or events; exposed to constant risk; not to be depended
on for certainty or stability; uncertain; as, a <i>precarious</i>
state of health; <i>precarious</i> fortunes.</def> "Intervals of
partial and <i>precarious</i> liberty."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Uncertain; unsettled; unsteady; doubtful; dubious;
equivocal.  -- <u>Precarious</u>, <u>Uncertain</u>. <i>Precarious</i>
in stronger than <i>uncertain</i>. Derived originally from the Latin
<i>precari</i>, it first signified "granted to entreaty," and, hence,
"wholly dependent on the will of another." Thus it came to express the
highest species of uncertainty, and is applied to such things as
depend wholly on future casualties.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Pre*ca"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pre*ca"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>precatio</i>.] <def>The act of praying; supplication;
entreaty.</def>  <i>Cotton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Prec"a*tive</hw> (?), <hw>Prec"a*to*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>precativus</i>, <i>precatorius</i>, fr.
<i>precari</i> to pray. See <u>Precarious</u>.] <def>Suppliant;
beseeching.</def>  <i>Bp. Hopkins.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Precatory words</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>words of
recommendation, request, entreaty, wish, or expectation, employed in
wills, as distinguished from <i>express directions</i>; -- in some
cases creating a trust.</cd>  <i>Jarman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cau"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;cation</i>, L. <i>praecautio</i>, fr. <i>praecavere</i>,
<i>praecautum</i>, to guard against beforehand; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>cavere</i> be on one's guard. See <u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Caution</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Previous caution or care; caution previously
employed to prevent mischief or secure good; as, his life was saved by
<i>precaution</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [ancient philosophers] treasured up their supposed
discoveries with miserable <i>precaution</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measure taken beforehand to ward off evil
or secure good or success; a precautionary act; as, to take
<i>precautions</i> against accident.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cau"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;cautionner</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To warn or
caution beforehand.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1126 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take precaution against.</def> [R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cau"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Precautionary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cau"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to precaution, or precautions; as, <i>precautionary</i>
signals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cau"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Taking or
using precaution; precautionary.</def> -- <wf>Pre*cau"tious*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Pre*cau"*tious*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ce*da"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Preceding;
antecedent; previous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Preceded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Preceding</u>.] [L. <i>praecedere</i>, <i>praecessum</i>;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>cedere</i> to go, to be in motion: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;ceder</i>. See <u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Cede</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go before in order of time; to occur first
with relation to anything.</def> "Harm <i>precedes</i> not sin."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go before in place, rank, or
importance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be preceded; to preface; to
introduce; -- used with <i>by</i> or <i>with</i> before the
instrumental object.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is usual to <i>precede</i> hostilities by a public
declaration.</blockquote> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pre*ced"ence</hw> (?), <hw>Pre*ced"en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;c&eacute;dence</i>. See
<u>Precede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of preceding
or going before in order of time; priority; as, one event has
<i>precedence</i> of another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of going or being before
in rank or dignity, or the place of honor; right to a more honorable
place; superior rank; as, barons have <i>precedence</i> of
commoners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which of them [the different desires] has the
<i>precedency</i> in determining the will to the next
action?</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Antecedence; priority; pre&euml;minence; preference;
superiority.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*ced"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecedens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>praecedere</i>: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;c&eacute;dent</i>. See <u>Precede</u>.] <def>Going
before; anterior; preceding; antecedent; as, <i>precedent</i>
services.</def> <i>Shak.</i> "A <i>precedent</i> injury."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Condition precedent</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a condition
which precede the vesting of an estate, or the accruing of a
right.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prec"e*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something done or said that may serve as an example to authorize
a subsequent act of the same kind; an authoritative example.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Examples for cases can but direct as <i>precedents</i>
only.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A preceding circumstance or condition; an
antecedent; hence, a prognostic; a token; a sign.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rough draught of a writing which precedes
a finished copy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A judicial decision which
serves as a rule for future determinations in similar or analogous
cases; an authority to be followed in courts of justice; forms of
proceeding to be followed in similar cases.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Example; antecedent.  -- <u>Precedent</u>,
<u>Example</u>. An <i>example</i> in a similar case which may serve as
a rule or guide, but has no authority out of itself. A
<i>precedent</i> is something which comes down to us from the past
with the sanction of usage and of common consent. We quote
<i>examples</i> in literature, and <i>precedents</i> in law.</p>

<p><hw>Prec"e*dent*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
precedent; authorized or sanctioned by an example of a like
kind.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prec`e*den"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of a precedent; having force as an example for imitation; as,
<i>precedential</i> transactions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All their actions in that time are not
<i>precedential</i> to warrant posterity.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ced"ent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Beforehand; antecedently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ced"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Going before; -- opposed to <i>following</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>In the direction toward
which stars appear to move. See <u>Following</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Precellence</u>.] <def>To surpass; to excel; to exceed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pre*cel"lence</hw> (?), <hw>Pre*cel"len*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>praecellentia</i>, from
<i>praecellens</i>, p. pr. of <i>praecellere</i> to excel, surpass:
cf. OF. <i>precellence</i>.] <def>Excellence; superiority.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cel"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecellens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Excellent; surpassing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cen"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecentor</i>, fr. <i>praecinere</i> to sing before; <i>prae</i>
before + <i>canere</i> to sing. See <u>Chant</u>.] <def>A leader of a
choir; a directing singer.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The leader of the choir in a cathedral; -- called also the
<i>chanter</i> or <i>master</i> of the choir.</def> <i>Hook.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The leader of the congregational singing in
Scottish and other churches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cen"tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
a precentor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"cept</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>praeceptum</i>,
from <i>praecipere</i> to take beforehand, to instruct, teach;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>capere</i> to take: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;cepte</i>. See <u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Capacious</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any commandment, instruction, or order
intended as an authoritative rule of action; esp., a command
respecting moral conduct; an injunction; a rule.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>precept</i> must be upon
<i>precept</i>.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxviii. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No arts are without their <i>precepts</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A command in writing; a
species of writ or process.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Commandment; injunction; mandate; law; rule;
direction; principle; maxim. See <u>Doctrine</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pre"cept</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To teach by
precepts.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cep"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Preceptive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[Passion] would give <i>preceptial</i> medicine to
rage.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeceptio</i>.] <def>A precept.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cep"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeceptivus</i>.] <def>Containing or giving precepts; of the
nature of precepts; didactic; as, the <i>preceptive</i> parts of the
Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lesson given us here is <i>preceptive</i> to
us.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cep"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeceptor</i>, fr. <i>praecipere</i> to teach: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;cepteur</i>. See <u>Precept</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who gives commands, or makes rules; specifically, the master
or principal of a school; a teacher; an instructor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The head of a preceptory among the Knights
Templars.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`cep*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a preceptor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cep"to*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Preceptive.</def> "A law <i>preceptory</i>."  <i>Anderson
(1573).</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cep"to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Preceptories</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>praeceptoria</i> an estate
assigned to a preceptor, from L. <i>praeceptor</i> a commander, ruler,
teacher, in LL., procurator, administrator among the Knights Templars.
See <u>Preceptor</u>.] <def>A religious house of the Knights Templars,
subordinate to the temple or principal house of the order in London.
See <u>Commandery</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cep"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
is the principal of a school; a female teacher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ces"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecedere</i>, <i>praecessum</i>, to go before: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;cession</i>. See <u>Precede</u>.] <def>The act of going
before, or forward.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lunisolar precession</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Lunisolar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Planetary
precession</b></col>, <cd>that part of the precession of the equinoxes
which depends on the action of the planets alone.</cd> --
<col><b>Precession of the equinoxes</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>the slow backward motion of the equinoctial points along the
ecliptic, at the rate of 50.2&Prime; annually, caused by the action of
the sun, moon, and planets, upon the protuberant matter about the
earth's equator, in connection with its diurnal rotation; -- so called
because either equinox, owing to its westerly motion, comes to the
meridian sooner each day than the point it would have occupied without
the motion of precession, and thus <i>precedes</i> that point
continually with reference to the time of transit and motion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ces"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to pression; as, the <i>precessional</i> movement of the
equinoxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ces"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecessor</i>.] <def>A predecessor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"cinct</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>praecinctum</i>, fr. L. <i>praecingere</i>, <i>praecinctum</i>, to
gird about, to encompass; <i>prae</i> before + <i>cingere</i> to gird,
surround. See <u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Cincture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The limit or exterior line encompassing a place; a boundary; a
confine; limit of jurisdiction or authority; -- often in the plural;
as, the <i>precincts</i> of a state.</def> "The <i>precincts</i> of
light."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A district within certain boundaries; a
minor territorial or jurisdictional division; as, an election
<i>precinct</i>; a school <i>precinct</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A parish or prescribed territory attached
to a church, and taxed for its support.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The parish, or <i>precinct</i>, shall proceed to a new
choice.</blockquote> <i>Laws of Massachusetts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ci*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Preciousness; something precious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>precious</i>,
<i>precius</i>, <i>precios</i>, F. <i>pr&eacute;cieux</i>, L.
<i>pretiosus</i>, fr. <i>pretium</i> price, worth, value. See
<u>Price</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of great price; costly; as, a
<i>precious</i> stone.</def> "The <i>precious</i> bane."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of great value or worth; very valuable;
highly esteemed; dear; beloved; as, <i>precious</i>
recollections.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is more <i>precious</i> than rules.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. iii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many things which are most <i>precious</i> are
neglected only because the value of them lieth hid.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p>Also used ironically; as, a <i>precious</i> rascal.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Particular; fastidious; overnice.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lest that <i>precious</i> folk be with me
wroth.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Precious metals</b></col>, <cd>the uncommon and highly
valuable metals, esp. gold and silver.</cd> -- <col><b>Precious
stones</b></col>, <cd>gems; jewels.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre"cious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a precious
manner; expensively; extremely; dearly. Also used
ironically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"cious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being precious; costliness; dearness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prec"i*pe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>See
<u>Pr&aelig;cipe</u>, and <u>Precept</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prec"i*pice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;cipice</i>, L. <i>praecipitium</i>, fr. <i>praeceps</i>,
<i>-cipitis</i>, headlong; <i>prae</i> before + <i>caput</i>,
<i>capitis</i>, the head. See <u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Chief</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden or headlong fall.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A headlong steep; a very steep,
perpendicular, or overhanging place; an abrupt declivity; a
cliff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where wealth like fruit on <i>precipices</i>
grew.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecipiens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Precept</u>.] <def>Commanding;
directing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip`i*ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being precipitable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being precipitated, or cast to the bottom, as a substance in solution.
See <u>Precipitate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pre*cip"i*tance</hw> (?), <hw>Pre*cip"i*tan*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Precipitant</u>.] <def>The quality or
state of being precipitant, or precipitate; headlong hurry; excessive
or rash haste in resolving, forming an opinion, or executing a
purpose; precipitation; as, the <i>precipitancy</i> of youth.</def>
"<i>Precipitance</i> of judgment."  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip"i*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecipitans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>praecipitare</i>: cf.
F. <i>pr&eacute;cipitant</i>. See <u>Precipitate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Falling or rushing headlong; rushing swiftly,
violently, or recklessly; moving precipitately.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They leave their little lives<BR>
Above the clouds, <i>precipitant</i> to earth.</blockquote> <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Should he return, that troop so blithe and bold,<BR>
<i>Precipitant</i> in fear would wing their flight.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unexpectedly or foolishly brought on or
hastened; rashly hurried; hasty; sudden; reckless.</def> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i> "<i>Precipitant</i> rebellion." <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip"i*tant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any force or reagent which causes the formation of a
precipitate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip"i*tant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With rash
or foolish haste; in headlong manner.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip"i*tant*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being precipitant; precipitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecipitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>praecipitare</i> to precipitate, fr.
<i>praeceps</i> headlong. See <u>Precipice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Overhasty; rash; as, the king was too <i>precipitate</i> in
declaring war.</def>  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lacking due deliberation or care; hurried;
said or done before the time; as, a <i>precipitate</i> measure.</def>
"The rapidity of our too <i>precipitate</i> course."
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Falling, flowing, or rushing, with steep
descent; headlong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Precipitate</i> the furious torrent
flows.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Ending quickly in death; brief and fatal;
as, a <i>precipitate</i> case of disease.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>praecipitatum</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;cipit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An insoluble substance
separated from a solution in a concrete state by the action of some
reagent added to the solution, or of some force, such as heat or cold.
The precipitate may fall to the bottom (whence the name), may be
diffused through the solution, or may float at or near the
surface.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Red precipitate</b></col> <i>(Old. Chem)</i>, <cd>mercuric
oxide (HgO) a heavy red crystalline powder obtained by heating
mercuric nitrate, or by heating mercury in the air. Prepared in the
latter manner, it was the <i>precipitate per se</i> of the
alchemists.</cd> -- <col><b>White precipitate</b></col> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A heavy white amorphous powder
(NH<sub>2</sub>.HgCl) obtained by adding ammonia to a solution of
mercuric chloride or corrosive sublimate; -- formerly called also
<i>infusible white precipitate</i>, and now <i>amido-mercuric
chloride</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A white crystalline
substance obtained by adding a solution of corrosive sublimate to a
solution of sal ammoniac (ammonium chloride); -- formerly called also
<i>fusible white precipitate</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Precipitated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Precipitating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw
headlong; to cast down from a precipice or height.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She and her horse had been <i>precipitated</i> to the
pebbled region of the river.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To urge or press on with eager haste or
violence; to cause to happen, or come to a crisis, suddenly or too
soon; as, <i>precipitate</i> a journey, or a conflict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Back to his sight <i>precipitates</i> her
steps.</blockquote> <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If they be daring, it may <i>precipitate</i> their
designs, and prove dangerous.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To separate from a solution,
or other medium, in the form of a precipitate; as, water
<i>precipitates</i> camphor when in solution with alcohol.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The light vapor of the preceding evening had been
<i>precipitated</i> by the cold.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip"i*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To dash or fall headlong.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So many fathom down <i>precipitating</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hasten without preparation.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To separate from a solution
as a precipitate. See <u>Precipitate</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip"i*tate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
precipitate manner; headlong; hastily; rashly.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecipitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;cipitation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of precipitating, or the state of
being precipitated, or thrown headlong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In peril of <i>precipitation</i><BR>
From off rock Tarpeian.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A falling, flowing, or rushing downward
with violence and rapidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hurry, <i>precipitation</i>, and rapid motion of
the water, returning . . . towards the sea.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Great hurry; rash, tumultuous haste;
impetuosity.</def> "The <i>precipitation</i> of inexperience."
<i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of
precipitating from a solution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip"i*ta`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecipitator</i> an overthrower.] <def>One who precipitates, or
urges on with vehemence or rashness.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prec`i*pi"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Precipitous.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Prec`i*pi"tious*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip"i*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeceps</i>, <i>-cipitis</i>: cf. OF. <i>precipiteux</i>. See
<u>Precipice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Steep, like a precipice;
as, a <i>precipitous</i> cliff or mountain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Headlong; as, <i>precipitous</i>
fall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hasty; rash; quick; sudden; precipitate;
as, <i>precipitous</i> attempts.</def> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i> "Marian's
low, <i>precipitous</i> &lsquo;Hush!'"  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pre*cip"i*tous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pre*cip"i*tous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pr&eacute;`cis"</hw> (pr&asl;`s&emacr;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Precise</u>.] <def>A concise or
abridged statement or view; an abstract; a summary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>praecisus</i>
cut off, brief, concise, p. p. of <i>praecidere</i> to cut off in
front, to cut off; <i>prae</i> before + <i>caedere</i> to cut: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;cis</i>.  Cf. <u>Concise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having determinate limitations; exactly or sharply defined or
stated; definite; exact; nice; not vague or equivocal; as,
<i>precise</i> rules of morality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law in this point is not
<i>precise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For the hour <i>precise</i><BR>
Exacts our parting hence.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strictly adhering or conforming to rule;
very nice or exact; punctilious in conduct or ceremony; formal;
ceremonious.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was ever <i>precise</i> in promise-
keeping.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Accurate; exact; definite; correct; scrupulous;
punctilious; particular; nice; formal. See <u>Accurate</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Pre*cise"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pre*cise"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ci"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who limits, or restrains.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An overprecise person; one rigidly or
ceremoniously exact in the observance of rules; a formalist; --
formerly applied to the English Puritans.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most dissolute cavaliers stood aghast at the
dissoluteness of the emancipated <i>precisian</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ci"sian*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being a precisian; the practice of a precisian.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ci"sian*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
precisian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ci"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;cision</i>, L. <i>praecisio</i> a cutting off. See
<u>Precise</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being precise; exact
limitation; exactness; accuracy; strict conformity to a rule or a
standard; definiteness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have left out the utmost <i>precisions</i> of
fractions.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Preciseness; exactness; accuracy; nicety.  --
<u>Precision</u>, <u>Preciseness</u>. <i>Precision</i> is always used
in a good sense; as, <i>precision</i> of thought or language;
<i>precision</i> in military evolutions. <i>Preciseness</i> is
sometimes applied to persons or their conduct in a disparaging sense,
and <i>precise</i> is often used in the same way.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*ci"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cutting off;
<i>(Logic)</i> exactly limiting by cutting off all that is not
absolutely relative to the purpose; as, <i>precisive</i> censure;
<i>precisive</i> abstraction.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1127 !></p>

<p><hw>Pre*clude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Precluded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Precluding</u>.] [L. <i>praecludere</i>, <i>praeclusum</i>;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>claudere</i> to shut. See <u>Close</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put a barrier before;
hence, to shut out; to hinder; to stop; to impede.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The valves <i>preclude</i> the blood from entering the
veins.</blockquote> <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shut out by anticipative action; to
prevent or hinder by necessary consequence or implication; to deter
action of, access to, employment of, etc.; to render ineffectual; to
obviate by anticipation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This much will obviate and <i>preclude</i> the
objections.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*clu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeclusio</i>. See <u>Preclude</u>.] <def>The act of precluding,
or the state of being precluded; a shutting out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*clu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shutting out;
precluding, or tending to preclude; hindering.</def> --
<wf>Pre*clu"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre*coce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;coce</i>.] <def>Precocious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pre"co*ces</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pr&aelig;coces</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*co"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>praecox</i>,
<i>-ocis</i>, and <i>praecoquus</i>, fr. <i>praecoquere</i> to cook or
ripen beforehand; <i>prae</i> before + <i>coquere</i> to cook. See 3d
<u>Cook</u>, and cf. <u>Apricot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ripe or
mature before the proper or natural time; early or prematurely ripe or
developed; as, <i>precocious</i> trees.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Developed more than is natural or usual at
a given age; exceeding what is to be expected of one's years; too
forward; -- used especially of mental forwardness; as, a
<i>precocious</i> child; <i>precocious</i> talents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*co"cious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
precocious manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pre*co"cious*ness</hw>, <hw>Pre*coc"i*ty</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;cocit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being precocious; untimely ripeness; premature
development, especially of the mental powers; forwardness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Saucy <i>precociousness</i> in learning.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Mannyngham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>precocity</i> which sometimes distinguishes
uncommon genius.</blockquote> <i>Wirt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*co`e*ta"ne*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
contemporary with, but older than, another.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cog"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecogitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>praecogitare</i>. See <u>Pre-</u>,
and <u>Cogitate</u>.] <def>To cogitate beforehand.</def> [R.]
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cog`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecogitatio</i>.] <def>Previous cogitation.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`cog*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecognitio</i>, fr. <i>praecognoscere</i> to foreknow. See
<u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Cognition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Previous
cognition.</def>  <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A preliminary
examination of a criminal case with reference to a prosecution.</def>
<i>Erskine.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cog"ni*za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Cognizable beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cog"nosce</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecognoscere</i> to foreknow.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>To examine
beforehand, as witnesses or evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A committee of nine <i>precognoscing</i> the
chances.</blockquote> <i>Masson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`col*lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
collection previously made.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre`com*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Precomposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Precomposing</u>.] <def>To compose beforehand.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*ceit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An opinion or
notion formed beforehand; a preconception.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*ceive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Preconceived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Preconceiving</u>.] <def>To conceive, or form an
opinion of, beforehand; to form a previous notion or idea
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a dead plain the way seemeth the longer, because the
eye hath <i>preconceived</i> it shorter than the truth.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
preconceiving; conception or opinion previously formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*cert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Preconcerted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Preconcerting</u>.] <def>To concert or arrange beforehand; to
settle by previous agreement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*con"cert</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
concerted or arranged beforehand; a previous agreement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*cert"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Previously
arranged; agreed upon beforehand.</def> --
<wf>Pre`con*cert"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pre`con*cert"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*cer"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
preconcerting; preconcert.</def>  <i>Dr. T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*demn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To condemn
beforehand.</def> -- <wf>Pre*con`dem*na"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A previous
or antecedent condition; a preliminary condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
conform by way anticipation.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*form"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Anticipative or antecedent conformity.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*con"i*zate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;coniser</i>.] <def>To proclaim; to publish; also, to
summon; to call.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*con`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeconium</i> a crying out in public, fr. <i>praeco</i>, <i>-
onis</i>, a crier, a herald: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;conisation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A publishing by proclamation; a public
proclamation.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A formal approbation by the
pope of a person nominated to an ecclesiastical dignity.</def>
<i>Addis &amp; Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"con*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>To approve by preconization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*con"quer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To conquer
in anticipation.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*con""scious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a state before consciousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*sent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A previous
consent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*sign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Preconsigned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Preconsigning</u>.] <def>To consign beforehand; to
make a previous consignment of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*sol"i*da`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consolidated beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*con"sti*tute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
constitute or establish beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*tract"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Precontracted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Precontracting</u>.] <def>To contract, engage, or
stipulate previously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*tract"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
previous contract or agreement.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*con"tract</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contract
preceding another</def>; especially <i>(Law)</i>, <def>a contract of
marriage which, according to the ancient law, rendered void a
subsequent marriage solemnized in violation of it.</def>
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`con*trive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
contrive or plan beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cor"a*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The anterior part of the coracoid (often closely united with the
clavicle) in the shoulder girdle of many reptiles and
amphibians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cor"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pre-</i>
+ L. <i>cor</i>, <i>cordis</i>, heart: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;cordial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated in front of
the heart; of or pertaining to the pr&aelig;cordia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cru"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of the leg or thigh; as, the <i>precrural</i>
glands of the horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cur"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
precursor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*curse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecursus</i>.] <def>A forerunning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cur"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Preceding;
introductory; precursory.</def> "A deep <i>precursive</i> sound."
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cur"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecursor</i>, fr. <i>praecurrere</i> to run before; <i>prae</i>
before + <i>currere</i> to run. See <u>Course</u>.] <def>One who, or
that which, precedes an event, and indicates its approach; a
forerunner; a harbinger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evil thoughts are the invisible, airy <i>precursors</i>
of all the storms and tempests of the soul.</blockquote>
<i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Predecessor; forerunner; harbinger; messenger; omen;
sign.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*cur"sor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The position
or condition of a precursor.</def>  <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cur"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praecursorius</i>.] <def>Preceding as a precursor or harbinger;
indicating something to follow; as, <i>precursory</i> symptoms of a
fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cur"so*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
introduction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*da"cean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>praeda</i>
prey.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A carnivorous animal.</def>
<i>Kirby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*da"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>praeda</i>
prey. See <u>Prey</u>.] <def>Living by prey; predatory.</def>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>praeda</i> prey.]
<def>Of or pertaining to prey; plundering; predatory.</def> [R.]
<i>Boyse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*date"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To date
anticipation; to affix to (a document) an earlier than the actual
date; to antedate; as, a <i>predated</i> deed or letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praedatio</i>, fr. <i>praedari</i> to plunder.] <def>The act of
pillaging.</def>  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pred"a*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
predatory manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pred"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praedatorius</i>, fr. <i>praedari</i> to plunder, fr. <i>praeda</i>
prey. See <u>Prey</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by
plundering; practicing rapine; plundering; pillaging; as, a
<i>predatory</i> excursion; a <i>predatory</i> party.</def> "A
<i>predatory</i> war."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hungry; ravenous; as, <i>predatory</i>
spirits.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Exercise . . . maketh the spirits more hot and
<i>predatory</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Living by preying upon
other animals; carnivorous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prede</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>praedari</i>.
See <u>Prey</u>.] <def>To prey; to plunder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prede</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Prey; plunder;
booty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"de*cay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Premature
decay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`de*cease</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To die
sooner than.</def> "If children <i>predecease</i> progenitors."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"de*cease`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The death of
one person or thing before another.</def> [R.]  <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pred`e*ces"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going
before; preceding.</def> "Our <i>predecessive</i> students."
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pred`e*ces"sor</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praedecessor</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>decessor</i> one who
withdraws from the province he has governed, a retiring officer (with
reference to his successor), a predecessor, fr. <i>decedere</i>: cf.
F. <i>pr&eacute;d&eacute;cesseur</i>. See <u>Decease</u>.] <def>One
who precedes; one who has preceded another in any state, position,
office, etc.; one whom another follows or comes after, in any office
or position.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A prince who was as watchful as his <i>predecessor</i>
had been over the interests of the state.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`de*clare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To declare
or announce beforehand; to preannounce.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ded`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
dedication made previously or beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`de*fine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To define
beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`de*lib`er*a"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Previous
deliberation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`de*lin`e*a"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Previous
delineation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pre*del"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>The
step, or raised secondary part, of an altar; a superaltar; hence, in
Italian painting, a band or frieze of several pictures running along
the front of a superaltar, or forming a border or frame at the foot of
an altarpiece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`de*sign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To design
or purpose beforehand; to predetermine.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*des"ig*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>A term used by Sir William Hamilton to define propositions having
their quantity indicated by a verbal sign; as, <i>all</i>,
<i>none</i>, etc.; -- contrasted with <i>preindesignate</i>, defining
propositions of which the quantity is not so indicated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*des`ti*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to predestination; as, the <i>predestinarian</i>
controversy.</def>  <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*des`ti*na"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes in or supports the doctrine of predestination.</def>  <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*des`ti*na"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
system or doctrine of the predestinarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*des"ti*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Predestinarian.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Heylin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*des"ti*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praedestinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>praedestinare</i> to predestine;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>destinare</i> to determine. See
<u>Destine</u>.] <def>Predestinated; foreordained; fated.</def> "A
<i>predestinate</i> scratched face."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*des"ti*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Predestinated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Predestinating</u>.] [Cf. <u>Predestine</u>.] <def>To
predetermine or foreordain; to appoint or ordain beforehand by an
unchangeable purpose or decree; to pre&euml;lect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom he did foreknow, he also did <i>predestinate</i>
to be conformed to the image of his Son.</blockquote> <i>Rom. viii.
29.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To predetermine; foreordain; preordain; decree;
predestine; foredoom.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*des`ti*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praedestinatio</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;destination</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of predestinating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Predestination</i> had overruled their
will.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The purpose of Good from
eternity respecting all events; especially, the preordination of men
to everlasting happiness or misery. See <u>Calvinism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*des"ti*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Determining beforehand; predestinating.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*des"ti*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;destinateur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
predestinates, or foreordains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who holds to the doctrine of
predestination; a predestinarian.</def>  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*des"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Predestined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Predestining</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;destiner</i>.
See <u>Predestinate</u>.] <def>To decree beforehand; to foreordain; to
predestinate.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*des"ti*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Predestination.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre`de*ter"mi*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being determined beforehand.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`de*ter"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Determined beforehand; as, the <i>predeterminate</i> counsel of
God.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`de*ter`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;d&eacute;termination</i>.] <def>The act of previous
determination; a purpose formed beforehand; as, the
<i>predetermination</i> of God's will.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`de*ter"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Predetermined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Predermining</u>.] [Pref. <i>pre-</i> +
<i>determine</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;d&eacute;terminer</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To determine (something) beforehand.</def>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To doom by previous decree; to
foredoom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`de*ter"mine</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To determine
beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>praedium</i> a
farm, estate: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;dial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of land or farms; landed; as, <i>predial</i> estate;
that is, real estate.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attached to land or farms; as,
<i>predial</i> slaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Issuing or derived from land; as,
<i>predial</i> tithes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*di`as*tol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Preceding the diastole of the heart; as, a
<i>prediastolic</i> friction sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pred`i*ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being predicable, or affirmable of something, or
attributed to something.</def>  <i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pred"i*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;dicable</i>, L. <i>praedicabilis</i> praiseworthy. See
<u>Predicate</u>.] <def>Capable of being predicated or affirmed of
something; affirmable; attributable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pred"i*ca*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything affirmable of another; especially, a general attribute
or notion as affirmable of, or applicable to, many
individuals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>One of the five most general
relations of attributes involved in logical arrangements, namely,
genus, species, difference, property, and accident.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*dic"a*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;dicament</i>, L. <i>praedicamentum</i>. See
<u>Predicate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A class or kind described
by any definite marks; hence, condition; particular situation or
state; especially, an unfortunate or trying position or
condition.</def> "O woeful sympathy; piteous <i>predicament</i>!"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>See
<u>Category</u>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Category; condition; state; plight.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*dic`a*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a predicament.</def>  <i>John Hall (1646).</i></p>

<p><hw>Pred"i*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praedicans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>praedicare</i>. See
<u>Predicate</u>.] <def>Predicating; affirming; declaring;
proclaiming; hence; preaching.</def> "The Roman <i>predicant</i>
orders."  <i>N. Brit. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pred"i*cant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who predicates,
affirms, or proclaims; specifically, a preaching friar; a
Dominican.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pred"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Predicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Predicating</u>.] [L. <i>praedicatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>praedicare</i> to cry in public, to proclaim. See <u>Preach</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To assert to belong to something; to affirm
(one thing of another); as, to <i>predicate</i> whiteness of
snow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To found; to base.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Predicate</i> is sometimes used in the United States for
<i>found</i> or <i>base</i>; as, to <i>predicate</i> an argument
<i>on</i> certain principles; to <i>predicate</i> a statement
<i>on</i> information received. <i>Predicate</i> is a term in logic,
and used only in a single case, namely, when we affirm one thing
<i>of</i> another. "Similitude is not <i>predicated</i> of essences or
substances, but of figures and qualities only."  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pred"i*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To affirm
something of another thing; to make an affirmation.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pred"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praedicatum</i>, neut. of <i>praedicatus</i>, p. p.
<i>praedicare</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;dicat</i>. See
<u>Predicate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Logic)</i> <def>That which is affirmed or denied of the subject.
In these propositions, "<i>Paper is white</i>,"  "<i>Ink is not
white</i>,"  <i>whiteness</i> is the <i>predicate</i> affirmed of
paper and denied of ink.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The word or words in a
proposition which express what is affirmed of the subject.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Affirmation; declaration.</p>

<p><hw>Pred"i*cate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>praedicatus</i>,
p. p.] <def>Predicated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pred`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praedicatio</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;dication</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of predicating, or of affirming one
thing of another; affirmation; assertion.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Preaching.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pred"i*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praedicativus</i>.] <def>Expressing affirmation or predication;
affirming; predicating, as, a <i>predicative</i> term.</def> --
<wf>Pred"i*ca*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pred"i*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>praedicatorius</i> praising.] <def>Affirmative; positive.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1128 !></p>

<p><hw>Pre`di*crot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>A term applied to the pulse wave sometimes seen in a pulse curve
or sphygmogram, between the apex of the curve and the dicrotic
wave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>predicrotic</i> or tidal wave is best marked in
a hard pulse, <i>i. e.</i>, where the blood pressure is
high.</blockquote> <i>Landois &amp; Stirling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*dict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Predicted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Predicting</u>.] [L. <i>praedictus</i>, p. p. of <i>praedicere</i>
to predict; <i>prae</i> before + <i>dicere</i> to say, tell. See
<u>Diction</u>, and cf. <u>Preach</u>.] <def>To tell or declare
beforehand; to foretell; to prophesy; to presage; as, to
<i>predict</i> misfortune; to <i>predict</i> the return of a
comet.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To foretell; prophesy; prognosticate; presage;
forebode; foreshow; bode.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*dict"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A prediction.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*dict"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
predicted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*dic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praedictio</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;diction</i>.] <def>The act of
foretelling; also, that which is foretold; prophecy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>predictions</i> of cold and long
winters.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prophecy; prognostication; foreboding; augury;
divination; soothsaying; vaticination.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*dic"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prophetic;
prognostic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*dict"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praedictivus</i>.] <def>Foretelling; prophetic; foreboding.</def> -
- <wf>Pre*dict"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre*dict"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
predicts; a foreteller.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*dict"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Predictive.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`di*gest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>To subject (food) to predigestion or artificial
digestion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`di*ges"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Digestion too soon performed; hasty
digestion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Artificial digestion of food
for use in illness or impaired digestion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`di*lect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To elect or
choose beforehand.</def> [R.]  <i>Walter Harte.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`di*lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pre-
</i> + L. <i>dilectus</i>, p. p. <i>diligere</i> to prefer: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;dilection</i>. See <u>Diligent</u>.] <def>A previous
liking; a prepossession of mind in favor of something; predisposition
to choose or like; partiality.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`dis*cov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
discover beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`dis*cov"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A previous
discovery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`dis*po"nen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being predisposed; predisposition.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre`dis*po"nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposing
beforehand; predisposing.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which predisposes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Predisponent causes</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Predisposing causes</i>, under <u>Predispose</u>.</cd>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`dis*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Predisposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Predisposing</u>.] [Pref. <i>pre-</i> +
<i>dispose</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;disposer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To dispose or incline beforehand; to give a predisposition or
bias to; as, to <i>predispose</i> the mind to friendship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make fit or susceptible beforehand; to
give a tendency to; as, debility <i>predisposes</i> the body to
disease.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Predisposing causes</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>causes
which render the body liable to disease; predisponent causes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre*dis`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Pref. <i>pre-
</i> + <i>disposition</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;disposition</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of predisposing, or the state of being
predisposed; previous inclination, tendency, or propensity;
predilection; -- applied to the mind; as, a <i>predisposition</i> to
anger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Previous fitness or adaptation to any
change, impression, or purpose; susceptibility; -- applied to material
things; as, the <i>predisposition</i> of the body to
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*dom"i*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;dominance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
state of being predominant; superiority; ascendency; prevalence;
predomination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>predominance</i> of conscience over
interest.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The superior influence of
a planet.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*dom"i*nan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Predominance.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*dom"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;dominant</i>. See <u>Predominante</u>.] <def>Having the
ascendency over others; superior in strength, influence, or authority;
prevailing; as, a <i>predominant</i> color; <i>predominant</i>
excellence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those help . . . were <i>predominant</i> in the king's
mind.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Foul subordination is <i>predominant</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prevalent; superior; prevailing; ascendant; ruling;
reigning; controlling; overruling.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*dom"i*nant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
predominant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*dom"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Predominated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Predominating</u>.] [Pref. <i>pre-</i> +
<i>dominate</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;dominer</i>.] <def>To be superior
in number, strength, influence, or authority; to have controlling
power or influence; to prevail; to rule; to have the mastery; as, love
<i>predominated</i> in her heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Certain] rays may <i>predominate</i> over the
rest.</blockquote> <i>Sir. I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*dom"i*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rule over;
to overpower.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*dom`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;domination</i>.] <def>The act or state of predominating;
ascendency; predominance.</def>  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*doom"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
foredoom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*dor"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of the back; immediately in front, or on the
ventral side the dorsal part of the vertebral column.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pr&ecirc;t</i>
ready.] <def>Cleared and ready for engagement, as a ship.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preed"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With ease.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Preef</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Proof.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;*lect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
elect beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;*lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Election beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*&euml;m"i*nence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;&eacute;minence</i>, L. <i>praeeminentia</i>. See
<u>Pre&euml;minent</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being
pre&euml;minent; superiority in prominence or in excellence;
distinction above others in quality, rank, etc.; rarely, in a bad
sense, superiority or notoriety in evil; as, <i>pre&euml;minence</i>
in honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pre&euml;minence</i> of Christianity to any
other religious scheme.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Painful <i>pre&euml;minence</i>! yourself to view<BR>
Above life's weakness, and its comforts too.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Beneath the forehead's walled
<i>pre&euml;minence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*&euml;m"i*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeminens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. <i>praeminere</i> to be
prominent, to surpass: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;&eacute;minent</i>. See
<u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Eminent</u>.] <def>Eminent above others; prominent
among those who are eminent; superior in excellence; surpassing, or
taking precedence of, others; rarely, surpassing others in evil, or in
bad qualities; as, <i>pre&euml;minent</i> in guilt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In goodness and in power
<i>pre&euml;minent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*&euml;m"i*nent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
pre&euml;minent degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;m*ploy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
employ beforehand.</def> "<i>Pre&euml;mployed</i> by him."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*&euml;mpt"</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pre&euml;mpted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Pre&euml;mpting</u>.] [See
<u>Pre&euml;mption</u>.] <def>To settle upon (public land) with a
right of preemption, as under the laws of the United States; to take
by pre&euml;mption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*&euml;mp"tion</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>pre-</i> + <i>emption</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;emption</i>. See
<u>Redeem</u>.] <def>The act or right of purchasing before
others.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The privilege or
prerogative formerly enjoyed by the king of buying provisions for his
household in preference to others.</def> [Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The right of an actual settler upon public lands (particularly
those of the United States) to purchase a certain portion at a fixed
price in preference to all other applicants.</def> <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*&euml;mp"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who holds a prior right to purchase certain public land.</def>
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*&euml;mp"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to pre&euml;mption; having power to pre&euml;mpt;
pre&euml;mpting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*&euml;mpt"or</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>praeemptor</i>.] <def>One who pre&euml;mpts; esp., one who
pre&euml;mpts public land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*&euml;mpt"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to pre&euml;mption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Preen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>pre&oacute;n</i> a
clasp, bodkin; akin to D. <i>priem</i> punch, bodkin, awl, G.
<i>pfriem</i>, Icel. <i>prj&omacr;nn</i> a knitting needle, pin, Dan.
<i>preen</i> a bodkin, punch.] <def>A forked tool used by clothiers in
dressing cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Preen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Preened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Preening</u>.] [See <u>Preen</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; or cf.
<u>Prune</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dress with, or as with, a
preen; to trim or dress with the beak, as the feathers; -- said of
birds.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To trim up, as trees.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;n*gage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pre&euml;ngaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Pre&euml;ngaging</u> (?).] <def>To engage by
previous contract; to bind or attach previously; to
preoccupy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But he was <i>pre&euml;ngaged</i> by former
ties.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;n*gage"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Prior
engagement, obligation, or attachment, as by contract, promise, or
affection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>pre&euml;ngagements</i> to other themes were not
unknown to those for whom I was to write.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;*rect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
erect beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prees</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Press; throng.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;s*tab"lish</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
establish beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;s*tab"lish*ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Settlement beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;*ter"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Infinite previous duration.</def> [R.] "The world's
<i>pre&euml;ternity</i>."  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;x*am`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Previous examination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;x*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pre&euml;xamined</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Pre&euml;xamining</u>.] <def>To
examine beforehand.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;x*ist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pre&euml;xisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Pre&euml;xisting</u>.] <def>To exist previously;
to exist before something else.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;x*ist"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Existence in a former state, or previous to
something else.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wisdom declares her antiquity and
<i>pre&euml;xistence</i> to all the works of this earth.</blockquote>
<i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Existence of the soul before its union with
the body; -- a doctrine held by certain philosophers.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;x*ist"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pre&euml;xistence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;x*ist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Existing previously; preceding existence; as, a
<i>pre&euml;xistent</i> state.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;x*ist"ent*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The theory of a pre&euml;xistence of souls
before their association with human bodies.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`&euml;x*is`ti*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Previous esteem or estimation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*&euml;x`pec*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Previous expectation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pref"ace</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;face</i>; cf. Sp. <i>prefacio</i>, <i>prefacion</i>, It.
<i>prefazio</i>, <i>prefazione</i>; all fr. L. <i>praefatio</i>, fr.
<i>praefari</i> to speak or say beforehand; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>fari</i>, <i>fatus</i>, to speak. See <u>Fate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something spoken as introductory to a
discourse, or written as introductory to a book or essay; a proem; an
introduction, or series of preliminary remarks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This superficial tale<BR>
Is but a <i>preface</i> of her worthy praise.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven's high behest no <i>preface</i>
needs.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The prelude or
introduction to the canon of the Mass.</def>  <i>Addis &
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Proper preface</b></col> <i>(Ch. of Eng. &amp; Prot. Epis.
Ch.)</i>, <cd>a portion of the communion service, preceding the prayer
of consecration, appointed for certain seasons.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Introduction; preliminary; preamble; proem; prelude;
prologue.</p>

<p><hw>Pref"ace</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prefaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prefacing</u>.] <def>To introduce by a preface; to give a preface
to; as, to <i>preface</i> a book discourse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pref"ace</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
preface.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pref"a*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The writer of a
preface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pref`a*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Prefatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pref"a*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
prefatory manner; by way of preface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pref"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or of the nature of, a preface; introductory to a book, essay, or
discourse; as, <i>prefatory</i> remarks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>prefatory</i> addition to the
Creed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"fect</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>praefectus</i>,
fr. <i>praefectus</i>, p. p. of <i>praeficere</i> to set over;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>facere</i> to make: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;fet</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Roman officer who
controlled or superintended a particular command, charge, department,
etc.; as, the <i>prefect</i> of the aqueducts; the <i>prefect</i> of a
camp, of a fleet, of the city guard, of provisions; the pretorian
<i>prefect</i>, who was commander of the troops guarding the emperor's
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A superintendent of a department who has
control of its police establishment, together with extensive powers of
municipal regulation.</def> [France]  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In the Greek and Roman Catholic churches, a
title of certain dignitaries below the rank of bishop.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Apostolic prefect</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>the
head of a mission, not of episcopal rank.</cd>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`fec*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a prefect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"fect*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
jurisdiction of a prefect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"fec*ture</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praefectura</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;fecture</i>.] <def>The office,
position, or jurisdiction of a prefect; also, his official
residence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fec`un*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A term collectively applied to the changes or
conditions preceding fecundation, especially to the changes which the
ovum undergoes before fecundation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`fe*cun"da*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to prefecundation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Preferred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Preferring</u>.] [F. <i>pr&eacute;f&eacute;rer</i>, L.
<i>praeferre</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>ferre</i> to bear or carry.
See 1st <u>Bear</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry or bring
(something) forward, or before one; hence, to bring for consideration,
acceptance, judgment, etc.; to offer; to present; to proffer; to
address; -- said especially of a request, prayer, petition, claim,
charge, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He spake, and to her hand <i>preferred</i> the
bowl.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Presently <i>prefer</i> his suit to
C&aelig;sar.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Three tongues <i>prefer</i> strange orisons on
high.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go before, or be before, in estimation;
to outrank; to surpass.</def> [Obs.] "Though maidenhood <i>prefer</i>
bigamy."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to go before; hence, to advance
before others, as to an office or dignity; to raise; to exalt; to
promote; as, to <i>prefer</i> an officer to the rank of
general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would <i>prefer</i> him to a better
place.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To set above or before something else in
estimation, favor, or liking; to regard or honor before another; to
hold in greater favor; to choose rather; -- often followed by
<i>to</i>, <i>before</i>, or <i>above</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If I <i>prefer</i> not Jerusalem above my chief
joy.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxxvii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Preferred</i> an infamous peace before a most just
war.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Preferred stock</b></col>, <cd>stock which takes a dividend
before other capital stock; -- called also <i>preference stock</i> and
<i>preferential stock</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To choose; elect. See <u>Choose</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pref`er*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being preferable; preferableness.</def>  <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pref"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;f&eacute;rable</i>.] <def>Worthy to be preferred or
chosen before something else; more desirable; as, a <i>preferable</i>
scheme.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pref"er*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being preferable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pref"er*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In preference;
by choice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To choose Plautus <i>preferably</i> to
Terence.</blockquote> <i>Dennis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pref"er*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;f&eacute;rence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
Preferring, or the state of being preferred; the setting of one thing
before another; precedence; higher estimation; predilection; choice;
also, the power or opportunity of choosing; as, to give him his
<i>preference</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leave the critics on either side to contend about the
<i>preference</i> due to this or that sort of poetry.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Knowledge of things alone gives a value to our
reasonings, and <i>preference</i> of one man's knowledge over
another's.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is preferred; the object of
choice or superior favor; as, which is your
<i>preference</i>?</def></p>

<p><hw>Pref`er*en"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving,
indicating, or having a preference or precedence; as, a
<i>preferential</i> claim; <i>preferential</i> shares.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fer"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of choosing, or the state of being chosen;
preference.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Natural <i>preferment</i> of the one . . . before the
other.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of preferring, or advancing in
dignity or office; the state of being advanced; promotion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither royal blandishments nor promises of valuable
<i>preferment</i> had been spared.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A position or office of honor or profit;
as, the <i>preferments</i> of the church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fer"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
prefers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pref"i*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being prefident.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pref"i*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>praefidens</i> overconfident. See <u>Pre-</u>, and
<u>Confident</u>.] <def>Trusting beforehand; hence,
overconfident.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fig"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praefiguratus</i>, p. p. See <u>Prefigure</u>.] <def>To
prefigure.</def> [R.]  <i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fig`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praefiguratio</i>.] <def>The act of prefiguring, or the state of
being prefigured.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A variety of prophecies and
<i>prefigurations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fig"ur*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showing
by prefiguration.</def> "The <i>prefigurative</i> atonement."  <i>Bp.
Horne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fig"ure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Prefigured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Prefiguring</u>.] [F. <i>pr&eacute;figurer</i>,
or L. <i>praefigurare</i>, <i>praefiguratum</i>; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>figurare</i> to figure. See <u>Figure</u>, and cf.
<u>Prefigurate</u>.] <def>To show, suggest, or announce, by antecedent
types and similitudes; to foreshadow.</def> "Whom all the various
types <i>prefigured</i>."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fig"ure*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
prefiguring; prefiguration; also, that which is prefigured.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praefinire</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>finire</i> to limit,
determine: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;finer</i>.] <def>To limit
beforehand.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1129 !></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fi"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praefinitus</i>, p. p.] <def>Prearranged.</def> [Obs.] " Set and
<i>prefinite</i> time."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pref`i*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praefinitio</i>.] <def>Previous limitation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prefixed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prefixing</u>.] [L. <i>praefixus</i>, p. p. of <i>praefigere</i> to
fix or fasten before; <i>prae</i> before + <i>figere</i> to fix: cf.
F. <i>pr</i>&eacute;<i>fix</i> fixed beforehand, determined,
<i>pr</i>&eacute;<i>fixer</i> to prefix. See Fix.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put or fix before, or at the beginning
of, another thing; as, to <i>prefix</i> a syllable to a word, or a
condition to an agreement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set or appoint beforehand; to settle or
establish antecedently.</def> [Obs.] " <i>Prefixed</i> bounds. "
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And now he hath to her <i>prefixt</i> a
day.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"fix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr</i>&eacute;<i>fixe</i>.] <def>That which is prefixed; esp., one
or more letters or syllables combined or united with the beginning of
a word to modify its signification; as, <i>pre-</i> in <i>pre</i>fix,
<i>con-</i> in <i>con</i>jure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fix"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>prefixion</i>.] <def>The act of prefixing.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`flo*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pre-
</i> + L. <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>&AElig;stivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fo`li*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pre-
</i> + L. <i>folium</i> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Vernation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*form"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeformare</i>. See <u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Form</u>.] <def>To form
beforehand, or for special ends.</def> "Their natures and
<i>preformed</i> faculties. "  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`for*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>An old theory of the pre&euml;xistence of germs.  Cf.
<u>Embo&icirc;tement</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*form"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A formative
letter at the beginning of a word.</def>  <i>M. Stuart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*fron"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated in front of the frontal bone, or the
frontal region of the skull; ectethmoid, as a certain bone in the
nasal capsule of many animals, and certain scales of reptiles and
fishes.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A prefrontal bone or
scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ful"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praefulgens</i>, p. pr. of <i>praefulgere</i> to shine forth. See
<u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Fulgent</u>.] <def>Superior brightness or
effulgency.</def> [R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*gage"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
pre&euml;ngage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*gla"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Prior to the glacial or drift period.</def></p>

<p><hw>Preg"na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, [F.
<i>prenable</i>. See <u>Impregnable</u>.] <def>Capable of being
entered, taken, or captured; expugnable; as, a <i>pregnable</i>
fort.</def> [R.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preg"nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pregnancy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preg"nan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The condition of being pregnant; the state of being with
young.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: The quality of being heavy
with important contents, issue, significance, etc.; unusual
consequence or capacity; fertility.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preg"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>praegnans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>genere</i>, <i>gignere</i>, to
beget: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;gnant</i>.  See <u>Gender</u>, 2d
<u>Kin</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being with young, as a female; having
conceived; great with young; breeding; teeming; gravid; preparing to
bring forth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heavy with important contents,
significance, or issue; full of consequence or results; weighty; as,
<i>pregnant</i> replies.</def> " A <i>pregnant</i> argument."
<i>Prynne.</i> " A <i>pregnant</i> brevity."  <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Full of promise; abounding in ability,
resources, etc.; as, a <i>pregnant</i> youth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherein the <i>pregnant</i> enemy does
much.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pregnant construction</b></col> <i>(Rhet.)</i>, <cd>one in
which more is implied than is said; as, the beasts <i>trembled
forth</i> from their dens, that is, came forth trembling with
fright.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Preg"nant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pregnant
woman.</def> [R.]  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preg"nant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>prenant</i> taking.
Cf. <u>Pregnable</u>.] <def>Affording entrance; receptive; yielding;
willing; open; prompt.</def> [Obs.] " <i>Pregnant</i> to good pity."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preg"nant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pregnant
manner; fruitfully; significantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Preg"nant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Unresistingly;
openly; hence, clearly; evidently.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"gra*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praegravatus</i>, p. p. of <i>praegravare</i> to be heavy upon, fr.
<i>praegravis</i> very heavy.] <def>To bear down; to depress.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*grav"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
descend by gravity; to sink.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*gus"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praegustans</i>, p. pr. of <i>praegustare</i> to taste beforehand;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>gustare</i> to taste.] <def>Tasting
beforehand; having a foretaste.</def> [R.]  <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`gus*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
tasting beforehand; foretaste.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. Walker
(1678).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pre*hal"lux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.  See <u>Pre-
</u>, and <u>Hallux</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An extra first toe, or
rudiment of a toe, on the preaxial side of the hallux.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*hend"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prehendere</i>. See <u>Prehensile</u>.] <def>To lay hold of; to
seize.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Middleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*hen"si-ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;hensible</i>.] <def>Capable of being seized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*hen"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prehensus</i>, p. p. of <i>prehendere</i> to lay hold of, seize;
<i>pre-</i> (equiv. to <i>prae</i> before) + <i>hendere</i> (in
comp.), akin to E. <i>get</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;hensile</i>. See
<u>Get</u>, and cf. <u>Prison</u>, <u>Prize</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Adapted to seize or grasp; seizing; grasping; as, the
<i>prehensile</i> tail of a monkey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*hen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prehensio</i>; cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;hension</i>. See
<u>Prehensile</u>.] <def>The act of taking hold, seizing, or grasping,
as with the hand or other member.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*hen"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted to
seize or grasp; prehensile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`his*tor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a period before written history begins; as, the
<i>prehistoric</i> ages; <i>prehistoric</i> man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prehn"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the
German Colonel <i>Prehn</i>, who first found it.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
pale green mineral occurring in crystalline aggregates having a
botryoidal or mammillary structure, and rarely in distinct crystals.
It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prehn*it"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, a tetrabasic acid of benzene
obtained as a white crystalline substance; -- probably so called from
the resemblance of the wartlike crystals to the mammill&aelig; on the
surface of prehnite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`in*des"ig*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Logic.)</i> <def>Having no sign expressive of quantity;
indefinite. See <u>Predesignate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*in`dis*pose"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
render indisposed beforehand.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`in*struct"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Preinstructed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Preinstructing</u>.] <def>To instruct previously
or beforehand.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*in`ti*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Previous
intimation; a suggestion beforehand.</def>  <i>T. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*judge"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Prejudged</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Prejudging</u>.] [Pref. <i>pre</i> + <i>judge</i>: cf.
F. <i>pr&eacute;juger</i>.  Cf. <u>Prejudicate</u>, <u>Prejudice</u>.]
<def>To judge before hearing, or before full and sufficient
examination; to decide or sentence by anticipation; to condemn
beforehand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The committee of council hath <i>prejudged</i> the
whole case, by calling the united sense of both houses of Parliament"
a universal clamor."</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*judg"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
prejudging; decision before sufficient examination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ju"di*ca*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Prejudice;
prepossession.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir. H. Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ju"di*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the determination of some matter not previously decided;
as, a <i>prejudical</i> inquiry or action at law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ju"di*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praejudicans</i>, p. pr.] <def>Influenced by prejudice;
biased.</def> [R.] " With not too hasty and <i>prejudicant</i> ears."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ju"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praejudicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>praejudicare</i> to prejudge;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>judicare</i> to judge. See <u>Judge</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formed before due examination.</def>
"Ignorance and <i>prejudicate</i> opinions."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Biased by opinions formed prematurely;
prejudiced.</def> "<i>Prejudicate</i> readers."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ju"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Prejudicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Prejudicating</u>.] [Cf. <u>Prejudge</u>.] <def>To
determine beforehand, especially to disadvantage; to
prejudge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our dearest friend<BR>
<i>Prejudicates</i> the business.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ju"di*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
prejudge.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ju"di*cate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
prejudice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ju`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of prejudicating, or of judging
without due examination of facts and evidence; prejudgment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
preliminary inquiry and determination about something which belongs to
a matter in dispute.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A previous
treatment and decision of a point; a precedent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ju"di*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forming a
judgment without due examination; prejudging.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prej"u*dice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;judice</i>, L. <i>praejudicium</i>; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>judicium</i> judgment. See <u>Prejudicate</u>, <u>Judicial</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foresight.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Naught might hinder his quick
<i>prejudize</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An opinion or judgment formed without due
examination; prejudgment; a leaning toward one side of a question from
other considerations than those belonging to it; an unreasonable
predilection for, or objection against, anything; especially, an
opinion or leaning adverse to anything, without just grounds, or
before sufficient knowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though often misled by <i>prejudice</i> and passion, he
was emphatically an honest man.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A bias on the part of judge,
juror, or witness which interferes with fairness of
judgment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mischief; hurt; damage; injury;
detriment.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>England and France might, through their amity,<BR>
Breed him some <i>prejudice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prejudgment; prepossession; bias; harm; hurt;
damage; detriment; mischief; disadvantage.</p>

<p><hw>Prej"u*dice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prejudiced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prejudicing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;judicier</i>. See
<u>Prejudice</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to have prejudice; to prepossess with opinions formed without
due knowledge or examination; to bias the mind of, by hasty and
incorrect notions; to give an unreasonable bent to, as to one side or
the other of a cause; as, to <i>prejudice</i> a critic or a
juryman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Suffer not any beloved study to <i>prejudice</i> your
mind so far as to despise all other learning.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obstruct or injure by prejudices, or by
previous bias of the mind; hence, generally, to hurt; to damage; to
injure; to impair; as, to <i>prejudice</i> a good cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seek how may <i>prejudice</i> the foe.</blockquote>
<i>Shak</i></p>

<p><hw>Prej`u*di"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praejudicialis</i> belonging to a preceding judgment: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;judiciel</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Biased, possessed, or blinded by
prejudices; as, to look with a <i>prejudicial</i> eye.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holyday.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to obstruct or impair; hurtful;
injurious; disadvantageous; detrimental.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His going away . . . was most <i>prejudicial</i> and
most ruinous to the king's affairs.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Prej`u*di"cial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Prej`u*di"cial*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre*knowl"edge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Prior
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prel"a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prelacies</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>praelatia</i>. See
<u>Prelate</u>; cf. <u>Prelaty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
office or dignity of a prelate; church government by
prelates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prelacies may be termed the greater
benefices.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The order of prelates, taken collectively;
the body of ecclesiastical dignitaries.</def> "Divers of the reverend
<i>prelacy</i>, and other most judicious men."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"lal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>prelum</i> a
press.] <def>Of or pertaining to printing; typographical.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prel"ate</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;lat</i>, LL. <i>praelatus</i>, fr. L. <i>praelatus</i>,
used as p. p. of <i>praeferre</i> to prefer, but from a different
root. See <u>Elate</u>.] <def>A clergyman of a superior order, as an
archbishop or a bishop, having authority over the lower clergy; a
dignitary of the church.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word and the words derived from it are often used
invidiously, in English ecclesiastical history, by dissenters,
respecting the Established Church system.</p>

<p><blockquote>Hear him but reason in divinity, . . . <BR>
You would desire the king were made a <i>prelate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prel"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act as a
prelate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Right <i>prelating</i> is busy laboring, and not
lording.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prel`a*te"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Prelacy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prel"ate*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
prelate.</def>  <i>Harmar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prel"a*tess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who is
a prelate; the wife of a prelate.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*la"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Prelatical.</def>  <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pre*lat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pre*lat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to prelates or prelacy; as,
<i>prelatical</i> authority.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
prelatical manner; with reference to prelates.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The last Georgic was a good <i>prelude</i> to the
&AElig;neis.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Pre*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praelatio</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;lation</i>. See <u>Prelate</u>,
and cf. <u>Prefer</u>.] <def>The setting of one above another;
preference.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prel"a*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Prelacy;
episcopacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prel"a*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
supports of advocates prelacy, or the government of the church by
prelates; hence, a high-churchman.</def>  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am an Episcopalian, but not a
<i>prelatist</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prel"a*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Prelatized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Prelatizing</u> (?).] <def>To bring under the
influence of prelacy.</def>  <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prel"a*tize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To uphold or
encourage prelacy; to exercise prelatical functions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An episcopacy that began then to
<i>prelatize</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prel"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Prelaty;
prelacy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Prel"a*ture</hw> (?; 135), <hw>Prel"a*ture*ship</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pr&eacute;lature</i>, or LL.
<i>praelatura</i>.] <def>The state or dignity of a prelate;
prelacy.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prel"a*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Prelacy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prelected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prelecting</u>.] [L. <i>praelectus</i>, p. p. of <i>praelegere</i>
to read before. See <u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Lection</u>.] <def>To read
publicly, as a lecture or discourse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To discourse
publicly; to lecture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spitting . . . was publicly <i>prelected</i>
upon.</blockquote> <i>De. Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>prelect</i> upon the military art.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praelectio</i>.] <def>A lecture or discourse read in public or to a
select company.</def> "The <i>prelections</i> of Faber."  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lec"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praelector</i>.] <def>A reader of lectures or discourses; a
lecturer.</def>  <i>Sheldon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`li*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praelibatio</i>, fr. <i>praelibare</i> to taste beforehand: cf. F.
<i>prelibation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tasting beforehand, or
by anticipation; a foretaste; as, a <i>prelibation</i> of heavenly
bliss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pouring out, or libation, before
tasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lim"i*na*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
preliminary manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lim"i*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>pre</i> + L. <i>liminaris</i> belonging to a threshold, fr.
<i>limen</i>, <i>liminis</i>, threshold, entrance: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;liminaire</i>.  Cf. <u>Limit</u>.] <def>Introductory;
previous; preceding the main discourse or business; prefatory; as,
<i>preliminary</i> observations to a discourse or book;
<i>preliminary</i> articles to a treaty; <i>preliminary</i> measures;
<i>preliminary</i> examinations.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Introductory; preparatory; prefatory; proemial;
previous; prior; precedent; antecedent.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*lim"i*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Preliminaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>That which precedes the
main discourse, work, design, or business; something introductory or
preparatory; as, the <i>preliminaries</i> to a negotiation or duel; to
take one's <i>preliminaries</i> the year before entering
college.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Introduction; preface; prelude.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*lim"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To limit
previously.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*look"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To look
forward.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"lude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;lude</i> (cf. It. <i>preludio</i>, LL.
<i>praeludium</i>), fr. L. <i>prae</i> before + <i>ludus</i> play. See
<u>Prelude</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>An introductory
performance, preceding and preparing for the principal matter; a
preliminary part, movement, strain, etc.; especially <i>(Mus.)</i>, a
strain introducing the theme or chief subject; a movement introductory
to a fugue, yet independent; -- with recent composers often synonymous
with <i>overture</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The last Georgic was a good <i>prelude</i> to the
&AElig;nis</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The cause is more than the <i>prelude</i>, the effect
is more than the sequel, of the fact.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Preface; introduction; preliminary; preamble;
forerunner; harbinger; precursor.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*lude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Preluded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Preluding</u>.] [L. <i>praeludere</i>, <i>praelusum</i>;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>ludere</i> to play: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;luder</i>. See <u>Ludicrous</u>.] <def>To play an
introduction or prelude; to give a prefatory performance; to serve as
prelude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The musicians <i>preluded</i> on their
instruments.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are <i>preluding</i> too largely, and must come at
once to the point.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lude"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To introduce with a previous performance; to play or perform a
prelude to; as, to <i>prelude</i> a concert with a lively
air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To serve as prelude to; to precede as
introductory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Music] <i>preluding</i> some great
tragedy.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lud"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, preludes; one who plays a prelude.</def>  <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lud"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a prelude; of the nature of a prelude;
introductory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*lud"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Preludial.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lum"bar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated immediately in front of the loins; -- applied to the
dorsal part of the abdomen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Prelude</u>.] <def>Of the nature of a prelude; introductory;
indicating that something of a like kind is to follow.</def>
"<i>Prelusive</i> drops." <i>Thomson.</i> --<wf>Pre*lu"sive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lu"so*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
prelusory way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*lu"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Introductory;
prelusive.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1130 !></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ma*ture"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praematurus</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>maturus</i> ripe. See
<u>Mature</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mature or ripe before the
proper time; as, the <i>premature</i> fruits of a hotbed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Happening, arriving, existing, or performed
before the proper or usual time; adopted too soon; too early;
untimely; as, a <i>premature</i> fall of snow; a <i>premature</i>
birth; a <i>premature</i> opinion; <i>premature</i> decay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Arriving or received without due
authentication or evidence; as, a <i>premature</i> report.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pre`ma*ture"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pre`ma*ture"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ma*tu"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;maturit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
premature; early, or untimely, ripeness; as, the <i>prematurity</i> of
genius.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pre"max*il"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Premaxill&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pre-</u>, and
<u>Maxilla</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A bone on either side of the
middle line between the nose and mouth, forming the anterior part of
each half of the upper jawbone; the intermaxilla. In man the
premaxill&aelig; become united and form the incisor part of the
maxillary bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of the maxillary bones; pertaining to the
premaxill&aelig;; intermaxillary.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
premaxilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*me"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
advocate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*med"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Premeditated</u> (-t&amacr;`t?d); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Premeditating</u>.] [L. <i>praemeditatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>praemeditari</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>meditari</i> to
meditate. See <u>Meditate</u>.] <def>To think on, and revolve in the
mind, beforehand; to contrive and design previously; as, to
<i>premeditate</i> robbery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With words <i>premeditated</i> thus he
said.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*med"i*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To think,
consider, deliberate, or revolve in the mind, beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*med"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praemeditatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Premeditated; deliberate.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*med"i*tate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
premeditation.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*med`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praemeditatio</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;m&eacute;ditation</i>.]
<def>The act of meditating or contriving beforehand; previous
deliberation; forethought.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mer"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To merit or
deserve beforehand.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Eikon Basi&?;&?;ke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pre"mi*al</hw> (?), <hw>Pre"mi*ant</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>praemialis</i>. See <u>Premium</u>.]
<def>Serving to reward; rewarding.</def> [R.]  <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prem"i*ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;mices</i>, L. <i>primitiae</i>. See <u>Primitia</u>.]
<def>First fruits.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"mi*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>premier</i>,
fr. L. <i>primarius</i> of the first rank, principal, fr.
<i>primus</i> the first. See <u>Primary</u>, <u>Prime</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>First; chief; principal;
as, the <i>premier</i> place; <i>premier</i> minister.</def>
<i>Camden. Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Most ancient; -- said of the peer bearing
the oldest title of his degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"mi*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The first
minister of state; the prime minister.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"mi*er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
the premier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`mil*len"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Previous
to the millennium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"mi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praemiosus</i>, fr. <i>praemium</i> a premium.] <def>Rich in
gifts.</def> [R.]  <i>Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prem"ise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Premises</b></plw> (&?;). [Written also, less properly,
<i>premiss</i>.] [F. <i>pr&eacute;misse</i>, fr. L. <i>praemissus</i>,
p. p. of <i>praemittere</i> to send before; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>mittere</i> to send. See <u>Mission</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
proposition antecedently supposed or proved; something previously
stated or assumed as the basis of further argument; a condition; a
supposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>premises</i> observed,<BR>
Thy will by my performance shall be served.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Either of the first two
propositions of a syllogism, from which the conclusion is
drawn.</def></p>

<p>
"All sinners deserve punishment: A B is a sinner."</p>

<p>These propositions, which are the <i>premises</i>, being true or
admitted, the conclusion follows, that A B deserves punishment.</p>

<p><blockquote>While the <i>premises</i> stand firm, it is impossible
to shake the conclusion.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Matters previously
stated or set forth; esp., that part in the beginning of a deed, the
office of which is to express the grantor and grantee, and the land or
thing granted or conveyed, and all that precedes the <i>habendum</i>;
the thing demised or granted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A piece of real estate; a
building and its adjuncts; as, to lease <i>premises</i>; to trespass
on another's <i>premises</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Premised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Premising</u>.] [From L. <i>praemissus</i>, p. p., or E.
<i>premise</i>, n. See <u>Premise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To send before the time, or beforehand; hence,
to cause to be before something else; to employ previously.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>premised</i> flames of the last
day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If venesection and a cathartic be
<i>premised</i>.</blockquote> <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set forth beforehand, or as introductory
to the main subject; to offer previously, as something to explain or
aid in understanding what follows; especially, to lay down premises or
first propositions, on which rest the subsequent reasonings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>premise</i> these particulars that the reader may
know that I enter upon it as a very ungrateful task.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
premise; to set forth something as a premise.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prem"iss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Premise.</def>
<i>Whately. I. Watts</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
premise.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"mi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Premiums</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>praemium</i>, originally, what
one has got before or better than others; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>emere</i> to take, buy. See <u>Redeem</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A reward or recompense; a prize to be won by being before
another, or others, in a competition; reward or prize to be adjudged;
a bounty; as, a <i>premium</i> for good behavior or scholarship, for
discoveries, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> To think it not the necessity, but the <i>premium</i>
and privilege of life, to eat and sleep without any regard to
glory.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The law that obliges parishes to support the poor
offers a <i>premium</i> for the encouragement of
idleness.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something offered or given for the loan of
money; bonus; -- sometimes synonymous with <i>interest</i>, but
generally signifying a sum in addition to the capital.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>People were tempted to lend, by great <i>premiums</i>
and large interest.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sum of money paid to underwriters for
insurance, or for undertaking to indemnify for losses of any
kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sum in advance of, or in addition to, the
nominal or par value of anything; as, gold was at a <i>premium</i>; he
sold his stock at a <i>premium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mo"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of the molar teeth.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An anterior molar tooth which has replaced a
deciduous molar. See <u>Tooth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mon"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Premonished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Premonishing</u>.] [Pref. <i>pre-</i> + <i>monish</i>:
cf. L. <i>praemonere</i>.] <def>To forewarn; to admonish
beforehand.</def> [R.]  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To teach, and to <i>premonish</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bk.
of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mon"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Previous
warning or admonition; forewarning.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`mo*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praemonitio</i>. See <u>Premonish</u>.] <def>Previous warning,
notice, or information; forewarning; as, a <i>premonition</i> of
danger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mon"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praemonitor</i>.] <def>One who, or that which, gives
premonition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mon"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praemonitorius</i>.] <def>Giving previous warning or notice; as,
<i>premonitory</i> symptoms of disease.</def> --
<wf>Pre*mon"i*to*ri*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mon"strant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Premonstratensian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mon"strate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praemonstratus</i>, p. p. of <i>praemonstrare</i>; <i>prae</i>
before + <i>monstrate</i> to show.] <def>To show beforehand; to
foreshow.</def> [R.]  <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mon`stra*ten"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;montr&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>Pr&eacute;montr&eacute;</i>,
fr. L. <i>pratum monstratum</i>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One of a
religious order of regular canons founded by St. Norbert at
Pr&eacute;montr&eacute;, in France, in 1119. The members of the order
are called also <i>White Canons</i>, <i>Norbertines</i>, and
<i>Premonstrants</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`mon*stra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praemonstratio</i>.] <def>A showing beforehand;
foreshowing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mon"stra*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praemonstrator</i>.] <def>One who, or that which,
premonstrates.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*morse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praemorsus</i>, p. p. of <i>praemordere</i> to bite off;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>mordere</i> to bite.] <def>Terminated
abruptly, or as it bitten off.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Premorse root</b></col> or <col><b>leaves</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>such as have an abrupt, ragged, and irregular
termination, as if bitten off short.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre`mo*sa"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
the time before Moses; as, <i>premosaic</i> history.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*mo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pre-</i> +
<i>motion</i>.] <def>Previous motion or excitement to
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prem`u*ni"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>See <u>Pr&aelig;munire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prem`u*nite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praemunitus</i>, p. p. of <i>praemunire</i> to fortify in front;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>munire</i> to fortify.] <def>To fortify
beforehand; to guard against objection.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`mu*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praemunitio</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;munition</i>.] <def>The act of
fortifying or guarding against objections.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*mu"ni*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a premunire; as, a <i>premunitory</i> process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*na"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of the nose, or in front of the nasal
chambers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*na"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being or
happening before birth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pren"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>prendre</i> to
take, fr. L. <i>prehendere</i> to take.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The power
or right of taking a thing before it is offered.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*no"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pr&aelig;nomen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*nom"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving as a
prefix in a compound name.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*nom"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praenominatus</i>, p. p. of <i>praenominare</i> to give the
prenomen to, to prenominate, fr. <i>praenomen</i> prenomen.]
<def>Forenamed; named beforehand.</def> [R.] "<i>Prenominate</i>
crimes."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*nom"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
forename; to name beforehand; to tell by name beforehand.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*nom`i*na*tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of prenominating; privilege of being named first.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*nos"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praenoscere</i> to foreknow; <i>prae</i> before + <i>noscere</i>,
<i>notum</i>, to know.] <def>A prognostic; an omen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*note"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praenotare</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>notare</i> to note.]
<def>To note or designate beforehand.</def>  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*no"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praenotio</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;notion</i>. See
<u>Prenostic</u>.] <def>A notice or notion which precedes something
else in time; previous notion or thought; foreknowledge.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pren*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prensatio</i>, from <i>prensare</i>, <i>prehensare</i>, v. freq.
from <i>prehendere</i> to seize.] <def>The act of seizing with
violence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow .</i></p>

<p><hw>Pren"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>apprentice</i>.] <def>An apprentice.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i> "My accuser is my <i>prentice</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pren"tice*hood</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Apprenticehood.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This jolly prentice with his master bode<BR>
Till he was out nigh of his <i>prenticehood</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pren"tice*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Apprenticeship.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He served a <i>prenticeship</i> who sets up
shop.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*nun`ci*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praenunciatio</i>, fr. <i>praenunciare</i> to announce beforehand.
See <u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Announce</u>.] <def>The act of announcing or
proclaiming beforehand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*nun"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praenuncius</i>.] <def>Announcing beforehand; presaging.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pre*ob`lon*ga"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Oblongata</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The anterior
part of the medulla oblongata.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ob*tain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To obtain
beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*oc"cu*pan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Preoccupate</u>.] <def>The act or right of taking possession before
another; as, the <i>preoccupancy</i> of wild land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*oc"cu*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeoccupatus</i>, p. p. of <i>praeoccupare</i> to preoccupy. See
<u>Preoccupy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To anticipate; to take before.</def> [Obs.]
"Fear <i>preoccupateth</i> it [death]."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prepossess; to prejudice.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*oc`cu*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeoccupatio</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;occupation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of preoccupying, or taking possession
of beforehand; the state of being preoccupied;
prepossession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anticipation of objections.</def> [R.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*oc"cu*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Preoccupied</u> (-p&imacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Preoccupying</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;occuper</i>. See <u>Preoccupate</u>, <u>Occupy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take possession of before another; as, to
<i>preoccupy</i> a country not before held.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prepossess; to engage, occupy, or
engross the attention of, beforehand; hence, to prejudice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I Think it more respectful to the reader to leave
something to reflections than to <i>preoccupy</i> his
judgment.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*oc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Placed just in front of the eyes, as the antenn&aelig; of certain
insects.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the scales just in
front of the eye of a reptile or fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*om"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ominate
beforehand; to portend.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`o*per"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of the operculum; pertaining to the
preoperculum.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
preoperculum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pre`o*per"cu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The anterior opercular bone in fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`o*pin"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Opinion
previously formed; prepossession; prejudice.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*op"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Right of first
choice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*o"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of, or anterior to, the mouth; as,
<i>preoral</i> bands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*or"bit*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front or the orbit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`or*dain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pre +
ordain</i>: cf. L. <i>praeordinare</i>.] <def>To ordain or appoint
beforehand: to predetermine: to foreordain.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*or"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To order to
arrange beforehand; to foreordain.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*or"di*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Antecedent
decree or determination.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*or"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeordinatus</i>, p. p.  See <u>Preordain</u>.]
<def>Preordained.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*or`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;ordination</i>.] <def>The act of foreordaining: previous
determination.</def> "The <i>preordination</i> of God."
<i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*par"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being prepared.</def> "Medicine <i>preparable</i> by art."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prep`a*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;paration</i>, L. <i>praeparatio</i>. See
<u>Prepare</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of preparing or fitting beforehand
for a particular purpose, use, service, or condition; previous
arrangement or adaptation; a making ready; as, the <i>preparation</i>
of land for a crop of wheat; the <i>preparation</i> of troops for a
campaign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being prepared or made ready;
preparedness; readiness; fitness; as, a nation in good
<i>preparation</i> for war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which makes ready, prepares the way,
or introduces; a preparatory act or measure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will show what <i>preparations</i> there were in
nature for this dissolution.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is prepared, made, or compounded
by a certain process or for a particular purpose; a combination.
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Any medicinal substance fitted for
use. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Anything treated for preservation or
examination as a specimen. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> Something prepared for
use in cookery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I wish the chemists had been more sparing who magnify
their <i>preparations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>preparations</i> of cookery, the most
volatile parts of vegetables are destroyed.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An army or fleet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The holding over of a note
from one chord into the next chord, where it forms a temporary
discord, until resolved in the chord that follows; the anticipation of
a discordant note in the preceding concord, so that the ear is
prepared for the shock. See <u>Suspension</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Accomplishment; qualification.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*par"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;paratif</i>.] <def>Tending to prepare or make ready;
having the power of preparing, qualifying, or fitting;
preparatory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Laborious quest of knowledge <i>preparative</i> to this
work.</blockquote> <i> South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*par"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which has the power of preparing, or
previously fitting for a purpose; that which prepares.</def> "A
<i>preparative</i> unto sermons."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is done in the way of
preparation.</def> "Necessary <i>preparatives</i> for our voyage."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*par"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
preparation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*par"a*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeparator</i>.] <def>One who prepares beforehand, as subjects for
dissection, specimens for preservation in collections, etc.</def>
<i>Agassiz.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*par"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeparatorius</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;paratoire</i>.]
<def>Preparing the way for anything by previous measures of
adaptation; antecedent and adapted to what follows; introductory;
preparative; as, a <i>preparatory</i> school; a <i>preparatory</i>
condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prepare&?;</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Preparing</u>.] [F. <i>pr&eacute;parer</i>, L. <i>praeparare</i>;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>parare</i> to make ready. See
<u>Pare</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fit, adapt, or qualify for a particular
purpose or condition; to make ready; to put into a state for use or
application; as, to <i>prepare</i> ground for seed; to <i>prepare</i>
a lesson.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our souls, not yet <i>prepared</i> for upper
light.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To procure as suitable or necessary; to get
ready; to provide; as, to <i>prepare</i> ammunition and provisions for
troops; to <i>prepare</i> ships for defence; to <i>prepare</i> an
entertainment.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That they may <i>prepare</i> a city for
habitation.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cvii. 36</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fit; adjust; adapt; qualify; equip; provide;
form; make; make; ready.</p>

<p><! p. 1131 !></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pare"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make all things ready; to put things in
order; as, to <i>prepare</i> for a hostile invasion.</def> "Bid them
<i>prepare</i> for dinner."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make one's self ready; to get ready; to
take the necessary previous measures; as, to <i>prepare</i> for
death.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pare"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Preparation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pared"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made fit or
suitable; adapted; ready; as, <i>prepared</i> food; <i>prepared</i>
questions.</def> -- <wf>Pre*par"ed*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <wf>Pre*par"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre*par"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, prepares, fits, or makes ready.</def>  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prepaid</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prepaying</u>.] <def>To pay in advance, or beforehand; as, to
<i>prepay</i> postage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pay"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Payment in
advance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pe"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of, or anterior to, the penis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pre</i>
+ F. <i>penser</i> to think. See <u>Pansy</u>.] <def>To weigh or
consider beforehand; to premeditate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser. Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pense"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To deliberate
beforehand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*pense"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Pansy</u>, and
cf. <u>Prepense</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Devised, contrived,
or planned beforehand; preconceived; premeditated; aforethought; --
usually placed after the word it qualifies; as, malice
<i>prepense</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This has not arisen from any misrepresentation or error
<i>prepense</i>.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pense"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
premeditated manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pre*pol"lence</hw> (?), <hw>Pre*pol"len*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>praepollentia</i>.] <def>The quality or
state of being prepollent; superiority of power; predominance;
prevalence.</def> [R.]  <i>Coventry.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pol"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praepollens</i>, p. p. of <i>praepollere</i> to surpass in power;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>pollere</i> to be powerful.] <def>Having
superior influence or power; prevailing; predominant.</def> [R.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pre*pol"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prepollices</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pre-</u>,
<u>Pollex</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An extra first digit, or rudiment
of a digit, on the preaxial side of the pollex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pon"der</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
preponderate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pre*pon"der*ance</hw> (?), <hw>Pre*pon"der*an*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;pond&eacute;rance</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being preponderant;
superiority or excess of weight, influence, or power, etc.; an
outweighing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind should . . . reject or receive proportionably
to the <i>preponderancy</i> of the greater grounds of
probability.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In a few weeks he had changed the relative position of
all the states in Europe, and had restored the equilibrium which the
<i>preponderance</i> of one power had destroyed.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>The excess of weight of that
part of a canon behind the trunnions over that in front of
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pon"der*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeponderans</i>, <i>-antis</i>: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;pond&eacute;rant</i>. See <u>Preponderate</u>.]
<def>Preponderating; outweighing; overbalancing; -- used literally and
figuratively; as, a <i>preponderant</i> weight; of <i>preponderant</i>
importance.</def> -- <wf>Pre*pon"der*ant*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pon"der*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Preponderated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Preponderating</u>.] [L.  <i>praeponderatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>praeponderare</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>ponderare</i> to
weigh, fr., <i>pondus</i>, <i>ponderis</i>, a weight. See
<u>Ponder</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To outweigh; to overpower by
weight; to exceed in weight; to overbalance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An inconsiderable weight, by distance from the center
of the balance, will <i>preponderate</i> greater
magnitudes.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overpower by stronger or moral
power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to prefer; to incline; to
decide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The desire to spare Christian blood
<i>preponderates</i> him for peace.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pon"der*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To exceed in
weight; hence, to incline or descend, as the scale of a balance;
figuratively, to exceed in influence, power, etc.; hence; to incline
to one side; as, the affirmative side <i>preponderated</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That is no just balance in which the heaviest side will
not <i>preponderate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pon"der*a`ting*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
a preponderating manner; preponderantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pon`der*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeponderatio</i>.] <def>The act or state of preponderating;
preponderance; as, a <i>preponderation</i> of reasons.</def>  <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;poser</i>; pref. <i>pr&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>prae</i>
before) + <i>poser</i>. See <u>Pose</u>.] <def>To place or set before;
to prefix.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prep`o*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praepositio</i>, fr. <i>praeponere</i> to place before; <i>prae</i>
before + <i>ponere</i> to put, place: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;position</i>. See <u>Position</u>, and cf.
<u>Provost</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word employed to connect a
noun or a pronoun, in an adjectival or adverbial sense, with some
other word; a particle used with a noun or pronoun (in English always
in the objective case) to make a phrase limiting some other word; --
so called because usually placed before the word with which it is
phrased; as, a bridge <i>of</i> iron; he comes <i>from</i> town; it is
good <i>for</i> food; he escaped <i>by</i> running.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A proposition; an exposition; a
discourse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He made a long <i>preposition</i> and
oration.</blockquote> <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prep`o*si"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;positionnel</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a preposition;
of the nature of a preposition.</def> <i>Early.</i> --
<wf>Prep`o*si"tion*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pos"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praepositivus</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;positif</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>Put before; prefixed; as, a <i>prepositive</i> particle.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A prepositive word.</def>  <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pre*pos"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
scholar appointed to inspect other scholars; a monitor.</def>
<i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pos"i*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praepositura</i>. See <u>Preposition</u>, and cf. <u>Provost</u>.]
<def>The office or dignity of a provost; a provostship.</def>
<i>Lowth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`pos*sess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Prepossessed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Prepossessing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To preoccupy, as ground or land; to take
previous possession of.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To preoccupy, as the mind or heart, so as
to preclude other things; hence, to bias or prejudice; to give a
previous inclination to, for or against anything; esp., to induce a
favorable opinion beforehand, or at the outset.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It created him enemies, and <i>prepossessed</i> the
lord general.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`pos*sess"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
invite favor; attracting confidence, favor, esteem, or love;
attractive; as, a <i>prepossessing</i> manner.</def> --
<wf>Pre`pos*sess"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre`pos*ses"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Preoccupation; prior possession.</def>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Preoccupation of the mind by an opinion, or
impression, already formed; preconceived opinion; previous impression;
bias; -- generally, but not always, used in a favorable sense; as, the
<i>prepossessions</i> of childhood.</def> "The prejudices and
<i>prepossessions</i> of the country."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bent; bias; inclination; preoccupancy; prejudgment.
See <u>Bent</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pre`*pos*sess"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
possesses, or occupies, previously.</def>  <i>R. Brady.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pos"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>praeposterus</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>posterus</i> coming
after, latter. See <u>Posterior</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having that first which ought to be last;
inverted in order.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The method I take may be censured as
<i>preposterous</i>, because I thus treat last of the antediluvian
earth, which was first in the order of nature.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contrary to nature or reason; not adapted
to the end; utterly and glaringly foolish; unreasonably absurd;
perverted.</def> "Most <i>preposterous</i> conclusions."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Preposterous</i> ass, that never read so
far!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Absurd; perverted; wrong; irrational; foolish;
monstrous. See <u>Absurd</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Pre*pos"ter*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
<wf>Pre*pos"ter*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pos"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Prepositor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*po"ten*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praepotentia</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;potence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or condition of being
prepotent; predominance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>
<sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The capacity, on the part of
one of the parents, as compared with the other, to transmit more than
his or her own share of characteristics to their offspring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*po"tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praepotens</i>. See <u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Potent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very powerful; superior in force,
influence, or authority; predominant.</def>  <i>Plaifere.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Characterized by
prepotency.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`pro*vide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To provide
beforehand.</def> "The materials <i>preprovided</i>."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pu"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of, or anterior to, the pubis; pertaining to
the prepubis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pre*pu"bis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Pre-
</u>, and <u>Pubis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i><def>A bone or cartilage, of
some animals, situated in the middle line in front of the pubic
bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"puce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;puce</i>, L. <i>praeputium</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
foreskin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*pu"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the prepuce.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pre*raph"a*el*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Pre*raph"a*el*i`tism</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The doctrine or
practice of a school of modern painters who profess to be followers of
the painters before Raphael. Its adherents advocate careful study from
nature, delicacy and minuteness of workmanship, and an exalted and
delicate conception of the subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*raph"a*el*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the style called preraphaelitism; as, a
<i>preraphaelite</i> figure; a <i>preraphaelite</i> landscape.</def>
<i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*raph"a*el*ite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
favors or practices art as it was before Raphael; one who favors or
advocates preraphaelitism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*reg"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who reigns
before another; a sovereign predecessor.</def> [R.]
<i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`re*mote</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>More remote in
previous time or prior order.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In some cases two more links of causation may be
introduced; one of them may be termed the <i>preremote</i> cause, the
other the postremote effect.</blockquote> <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`re*quire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To require
beforehand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some things are <i>prerequired</i> of us.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*req"ui*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Previously
required; necessary as a preliminary to any proposed effect or end;
as, <i>prerequisite</i> conditions of success.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*req"ui*site</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
previously required, or necessary to an end or effect
proposed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The necessary <i>prerequisites</i> of
freedom.</blockquote> <i> Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`re*solve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Preresolved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Preresolving</u>.] <def>To resolve beforehand;
to predetermine.</def>  <i>Sir E. Dering.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*rog"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;rogative</i>, from L. <i>praerogativa</i> precedence in
voting, preference, privilege, fr. <i>praerogativus</i> that is asked
before others for his opinion, that votes before or first, fr.
<i>praerogare</i> to ask before another; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>rogare</i> to ask. See <u>Rogation</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An exclusive or peculiar privilege; prior
and indefeasible right; fundamental and essential possession; -- used
generally of an official and hereditary right which may be asserted
without question, and for the exercise of which there is no
responsibility or accountability as to the fact and the manner of its
exercise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The two faculties that are the <i>prerogative</i> of
man -- the powers of abstraction and imagination.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An unconstitutional exercise of his
<i>prerogative</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Precedence; pre&euml;minence; first
rank.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then give me leave to have
<i>prerogative</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term came into general use in the conflicts between the
Crown and Parliaments of Great Britain, especially in the time of the
Stuarts.</p>

<p><col><b>Prerogative Court</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a court
which formerly had authority in the matter of wills and
administrations, where the deceased left <i>bona notabilia</i>, or
effects of the value of five pounds, in two or more different
dioceses.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Prerogative
office</b></col>, <cd>the office in which wills proved in the
Prerogative Court were registered.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Privilege; right. See <u>Privilege</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*rog"a*tived</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Endowed
with a prerogative, or exclusive privilege.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*rog"a*tive*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
prerogative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"sage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;sage</i>, L. <i>praesagium</i>, from <i>praesagire</i>.
See <u>Presage</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something which foreshows or portends a
future event; a prognostic; an omen; an augury.</def> "Joy and shout -
- <i>presage</i> of victory."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power to look the future, or the exercise
of that power; foreknowledge; presentiment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If there be aught of <i>presage</i> in the
mind.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prognostic; omen; token; sign; presentiment.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*sage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Presaged</u> (-s&amacr;jd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Presaging</u>. ] [F. <i>pr&eacute;sager</i>, L.
<i>praesagire</i>: <i>prae</i> before + <i>sagire</i> to perceive
acutely or sharply. See <u>Sagacious</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a presentiment of; to feel
beforehand; to foreknow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To foretell; to predict; to foreshow; to
indicate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My dreams <i>presage</i> some joyful news at
hand.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sage"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form or utter a
prediction; -- sometimes used with <i>of</i>.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sage"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
presages; ominous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dark in the glass of some <i>presageful</i>
mood.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sage"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or art of presaging; a
foreboding.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is presaged, or foretold.</def>
[R.] "Ominous <i>presagement</i> before his end. "  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sa"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, presages; a foreteller; a foreboder.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sa"gious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foreboding;
ominous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pres"by*ope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>One who has presbyopia; a farsighted person.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pres`by*o"pi*a</hw> (?) [NL., from Gr. &?; old, n., an old
man + &?;, &?;, the eye.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A defect of vision
consequent upon advancing age. It is due to rigidity of the
crystalline lens, which produces difficulty of accommodation and
recession of the near point of vision, so that objects very near the
eyes can not be seen distinctly without the use of convex glasses.
Called also <i>presbytia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres`by*op"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected by
presbyopia; also, remedying presbyopia; farsighted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"by*o`py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>presbyopie</i>.] <def>See <u>Presbyopia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"byte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an old man.]
<def>Same as <u>Presbyope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"by*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. an elder, fr.
Gr. &?;. See <u>Priest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An elder in the early Christian church. See
2d Citation under <u>Bishop</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ch. of Eng.  &amp; Prot. Epis. Ch.)</i> <def>One
ordained to the second order in the ministry; -- called also
<i>priest</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I rather term the one sort <i>presbyter</i> than
priest.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>New <i>presbyter</i> is but old priest writ
large.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Presbyterian Ch.)</i> <def>A member of a
presbytery whether lay or clerical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A Presbyterian.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres*byt"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a presbyter or presbytery; presbyterial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres*byt"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>presbyteratus</i>: cf. F. <i>presbyt&eacute;rat</i>.] <def>A
presbytery; also, presbytership.</def>  <i>Heber.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres"by*ter*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
presbyter.</def>  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres`by*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>presbyt&eacute;ral</i>.] <def>Presbyterian.</def>
"<i>Presbyterial</i> government."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres`by*te"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>presbyt&eacute;rien</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a presbyter, or
to ecclesiastical government by presbyters; relating to those who
uphold church government by presbyters; also, to the doctrine,
discipline, and worship of a communion so governed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres`by*te"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>presbyt&eacute;rien</i>.] <def>One who maintains the validity of
ordination and government by presbyters; a member of the Presbyterian
church.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reformed Presbyterians</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Cameronian</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pres`by*te"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>presbyt&eacute;rianisme</i>.] <def>That form of church government
which invests presbyters with all spiritual power, and admits no
prelates over them; also, the faith and polity of the Presbyterian
churches, taken collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pres`by*te"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Presbytery</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"by*ter*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or station of a presbyter; presbyterate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"by*ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Presbyteries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>presbyterium</i>, Gr. &?;.
See <u>Presbyter</u>, and cf. <u>Presbyterium</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A body of elders in the early Christian
church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Presbyterian Ch.)</i> <def>A judicatory
consisting of all the ministers within a certain district, and one
layman, who is a ruling elder, from each parish or church,
commissioned to represent the church in conjunction with the pastor.
This body has a general jurisdiction over the churches under its care,
and next below the provincial synod in authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The Presbyterian religion of polity.</def>
[R.]  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>That
part of the church reserved for the officiating priest.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The residence of a priest or clergyman.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pres*byt"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Presbyte</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Presbyopia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres*byt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Presbyopic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"byt*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Presbyopia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pre*scap"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The part of the scapula in front of, or above, the
spine, or mesoscapula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*scap"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the prescapula; supraspinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"sci*ence</hw> (pr&emacr;"sh&ibreve;*<i>e</i>ns <i>or</i> -
sh<i>e</i>ns; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>prescience</i>, L.
<i>praescientia</i>. See <u>Prescient</u>.] <def>Knowledge of events
before they take place; foresight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God's certain <i>prescience</i> of the volitions of
moral agents.</blockquote> <i>J. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1132 !></p>

<p><hw>Pre"sci*ent</hw> (pr&emacr;"sh&ibreve;*<i>e</i>nt <i>or</i> -
sh<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>praesciens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>praescire</i> to foreknow; <i>prae</i> before
+ <i>scire</i> to know: cf. F. <i>prescient</i>. See <u>Science</u>.]
<def>Having knowledge of coming events; foreseeing; conscious
beforehand.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Henry . . . had shown himself sensible, and almost
<i>prescient</i>, of this event.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"sci*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
prescience or foresight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*scind"</hw> (pr&esl;*s&ibreve;nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[L. <i>praescindere</i> to cut off in front; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>scindere</i> to cut asunder: cf. F. <i>prescinder</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut off; to abstract.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>To consider by a separate
act of attention or analysis.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*scind"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praescius</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>scius</i> knowing, fr.
<i>scire</i> to know.] <def>Cutting off; abstracting.</def> [R.]
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"scious</hw> (pr&emacr;"sh&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>praescius</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>scius</i> knowing, fr.
<i>scire</i> to know.] <def>Foreknowing; having foreknowledge; as,
<i>prescious</i> of ills.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Prescribed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Prescribing</u>.] [L. <i>praescribere</i>,
<i>praescriptum</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>scriebe</i> to write. See
<u>Scribe</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay down authoritatively as a guide,
direction, or rule of action; to impose as a peremptory order; to
dictate; to appoint; to direct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Prescribe</i> not us our duties.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let streams <i>prescribe</i> their fountains where to
run.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To direct, as a remedy to be
used by a patient; as, the doctor <i>prescribed</i> quinine.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To appoint; order; command; dictate; ordain;
institute; establish.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*scribe"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To give directions; to dictate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A forwardness to <i>prescribe</i> to their
opinions.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To influence by long use</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To write or to give medical
directions; to indicate remedies; as, to <i>prescribe</i> for a
patient in a fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To claim by prescription; to
claim a title to a thing on the ground of immemorial use and
enjoyment, that is, by a custom having the force of law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*scrib"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
prescribes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"script</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praescriptus</i>, p. p. of <i>praescribere</i>: cf. F.
<i>prescrit</i>. See <u>Prescribe</u>.] <def>Directed;
prescribed.</def> " A <i>prescript</i> from of words."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"script</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>praescriptum</i>:
cf. OF. <i>prescript</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Direction; precept; model prescribed.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A medical prescription.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*scrip`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being prescriptible.</def>  <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*scrip"ti*ble</hw> (pr&esl;*skr&ibreve;p"t&ibreve;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>prescriptible</i>.] <def>Depending on,
or derived from, prescription; proper to be prescribed.</def>
<i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*scrip"tion</hw> (-sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>prescription</i>, L. <i>praescriptio</i>, an inscription, preface,
precept, demurrer, prescription (in sense 3), fr. <i>praescribere</i>.
See <u>Prescribe</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of prescribing, directing, or
dictating; direction; precept; also, that which is
prescribed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A direction of a remedy or of
remedies for a disease, and the manner of using them; a medical
recipe; also, a prescribed remedy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A prescribing for title; the
claim of title to a thing by virtue of immemorial use and enjoyment;
the right or title acquired by possession had during the time and in
the manner fixed by law.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That profound reverence for law and <i>prescription</i>
which has long been characteristic of Englishmen.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Prescription</i> differs from <i>custom</i>, which is a
local usage, while <i>prescription</i> is personal, annexed to the
person only. <i>Prescription</i> only extends to incorporeal rights,
such as aright of way, or of common. What the law gives of <i>common
rights</i> is not the subject of <i>prescription</i>.
<i>Blackstone</i>. <i>Cruise</i>. <i>Kent</i>. In Scotch law,
<i>prescription</i> is employed in the sense in which
<i>limitation</i> is used in England and America, namely, to express
that operation of the lapse of time by which obligations are
extinguished or title protected. <i>Sir T</i>. <i>Craig</i>.
<i>Erskine</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*scrip"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praescriptivus</i> of a demurrer or legal exception.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Consisting in, or acquired by, immemorial or long-continued use
and enjoyment; as, a <i>prescriptive</i> right of title; pleading the
continuance and authority of long custom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The right to be drowsy in protracted toil has become
<i>prescriptive</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. M. Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*scrip"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
prescription.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pre*scu"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prescuta</b></plw> (&?;). [NL. See <u>Pr&aelig;-</u>, and
<u>Scutum</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The first of the four pieces
composing the dorsal part, or tergum, of a thoracic segment of an
insect. It is usually small and inconspicuous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"se*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;s&eacute;ance</i>. See <u>Preside</u>.] <def>Priority of
place in sitting.</def>[Obs.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`se*lect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To select
beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;sence</i>, L. <i>praesentia</i>. See <u>Present</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being present, or of being within
sight or call, or at hand; -- opposed to <i>absence</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place in which one is present; the part
of space within one's ken, call, influence, etc.; neighborhood without
the intervention of anything that forbids intercourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wrath shell be no more<BR>
Thenceforth, but in thy <i>presence</i> joy entire.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, neighborhood to the person of
one of superior of exalted rank; also, presence chamber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In such a <i>presence</i> here to plead my
thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An't please your grace, the two great cardinals.<BR>
Wait in the <i>presence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The whole of the personal qualities of an
individual; person; personality; especially, the person of a superior,
as a sovereign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Sovran <i>Presence</i> thus replied.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An assembly, especially of person of rank
or nobility; noble company.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Odmar, of all this <i>presence</i> does contain,<BR>
Give her your wreath whom you esteem most fair.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Port, mien; air; personal appearence.</def>
"Rather dignity of presence than beauty of aspect."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A graceful <i>presence</i> bespeaks
acceptance.</blockquote> <i> Collier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Presence chamber</b></col>, or <col><b>Presence
room</b></col>, <cd>the room in which a great personage receives
company.</cd> <i>Addison.</i> " <i>Chambers of presence</i>."
<i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>Presence of mind</b></col>, <cd>that state of
the mind in which all its faculties are alert, prompt, and acting
harmoniously in obedience to the will, enabling one to reach, as it
were spontaneously or by intuition, just conclusions in sudden
emergencies.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre`sen*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Previous
sensation, notion, or idea.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praesensio</i>, fr. <i>praesentire</i> to perceive beforehand. See
<u>Presentient</u>.] <def>Previous perception.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;sent</i>, L. <i>praesens</i>,<i>-entis</i>, that is
before one, in sight or at hand, p. p. of <i>praeesse</i> to be
before; <i>prae</i> before +  <i>esse</i> to be. See
<u>Essence</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being at hand, within reach or call, within
certain contemplated limits; -- opposed to <i>absent</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These things have I spoken unto you, being yet
<i>present</i> with you.</blockquote> <i>John xiv. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Now existing, or in process; begun but not
ended; now in view, or under consideration; being at this time; not
past or future; as, the <i>present</i> session of Congress; the
<i>present</i> state of affairs; the <i>present</i>
instance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll bring thee to the <i>present</i>
business</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not delayed; immediate; instant;
coincident.</def>  "A <i>present</i> recompense." "A <i>present</i>
pardon."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An ambassador . . . desires a <i>present</i>
audience.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Ready; quick in emergency; as a
<i>present</i> wit.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Favorably attentive; propitious.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>To find a god so <i>present</i> to my
prayer.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Present tense</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>the tense or
form of a verb which expresses action or being in the present time;
as, I <i>am writing</i>, I <i>write</i>, or I <i>do
write</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pres"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;sent</i>. See <u>Present</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Present time; the time being; time in progress
now, or at the moment contemplated; as, at this
<i>present</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Past and <i>present</i>, wound in one.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Present letters or
instrument, as a deed of conveyance, a lease, letter of attorney, or
other writing; as in the phrase, " Know all men by these
<i>presents</i>," that is, by the writing itself, " per has literas
<i>praesentes</i>; " -- in this sense, rarely used in the
singular.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A present tense, or the form
of the verb denoting the present tense.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At present</b></col>, <cd>at the present time; now.</cd> --
<col><b>For the present</b></col>, <cd>for the tine being;
temporarily.</cd> -- <col><b>In present</b></col>, <cd>at once,
without delay.</cd> [Obs.] "With them, <i>in present</i>, half his
kingdom; the rest to follow at his death." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Presented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Presenting</u>.] [F. <i>pr&eacute;senter</i>, L.
<i>praesentare</i>, fr. <i>praesens</i>, a.  See <u>Present</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring or introduce
into the presence of some one, especially of a superior; to introduce
formally; to offer for acquaintance; as, to <i>present</i> an envoy to
the king; (with the reciprocal pronoun) to come into the presence of a
superior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now there was a day when the sons of God came to
<i>present</i> themselves before the lord.</blockquote> <i>Job i.
6</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit or offer to view or notice; to
lay before one's perception or cognizance; to set forth; to
<i>present</i> a fine appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lectorides's memory is ever . . . <i>presenting</i> him
with the thoughts of other persons.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass over, esp. in a ceremonious manner;
to give in charge or possession; to deliver; to make over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So ladies in romance assist their knight,<BR>
<i>Present</i> the spear, and arm him for the fight.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make a gift of; to bestow; to give,
generally in a formal or ceremonious manner; to grant; to
confer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My last, least offering, I <i>present</i> thee
now.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To endow; to bestow a gift upon; to
favor, as with a donation; also, to court by gifts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Octavia <i>presented</i> the poet for him admirable
elegy on her son Marcellus.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To present; to personate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> In specific uses; <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
nominate to an ecclesiastical benefice; to offer to the bishop or
ordinary as a candidate for institution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The patron of a church may <i>present</i> his clerk to
a parsonage or vicarage; that is, may offer him to the bishop of the
diocese to be instituted.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To nominate for support at a public school
or other institution .</def> <i>Lamb.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To
lay before a public body, or an official, for consideration, as before
a legislature, a court of judicature, a corporation, etc.; as, to
<i>present</i> a memorial, petition, remonstrance, or
indictment.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To lay before a court as an
object of inquiry; to give notice officially of, as a crime of
offence; to find or represent judicially; as, a grand jury
<i>present</i> certain offenses or nuisances, or whatever they think
to be public injuries.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To bring an
indictment against .</def> [U.S] <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To aim,
point, or direct, as a weapon; as, to <i>present</i> a pistol or the
point of a sword to the breast of another.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pesent arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the command in
response to which the gun is carried perpendicularly in front of the
center of the body, and held there with the left hand grasping it at
the lower band, and the right hand grasping the small of the stock, in
token of respect, as in saluting a superior officer; also, the
position taken at such a command.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sent"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To
appear at the mouth of the uterus so as to be perceptible to the
finger in vaginal examination; -- said of a part of an infant during
labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;sent</i> .] <def>Anything presented or given; a gift; a
donative; as, a Christmas <i>present</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gift; donation; donative; benefaction. See
<u>Gift</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*sent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The
position of a soldier in presenting arms; as, to stand at
<i>present</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sent"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;sentable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable or
admitting of being presented; suitable to be exhibited, represented,
or offered; fit to be brought forward or set forth; hence, fitted to
be introduced to another, or to go into society; as, ideas that are
<i>presentable</i> in simple language; she is not <i>presentable</i>
in such a gown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Admitting of the presentation of a
clergiman; as, a church <i>presentable</i>.</def> [R.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres`en*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praesentaneus</i>. See <u>Present</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Ready; quick; immediate in effect; as, <i>presentaneous</i>
poison.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres`en*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praesentatio</i> a showing, representation: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;sentation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
presenting, or the state of being presented; a setting forth; an
offering; bestowal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prayers are sometimes a <i>presentation</i> of mere
desires.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence, <def>exhibition; representation; display;
appearance; semblance; show.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under the <i>presentation</i> of the shoots his
wit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is presented or given; a
present; a gift, as, the picture was a <i>presentation</i>.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The act of offering a
clergyman to the bishop or ordinary for institution in a benefice; the
right of presenting a clergyman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the bishop admits the patron's <i>presentation</i>,
the clerk so admitted is next to be instituted by him.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The particular position of
the child during labor relatively to the passage though which it is to
be brought forth; -- specifically designated by the part which first
appears at the mouth of the uterus; as, a breech
<i>presentation</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Presentation copy</b></col>, <cd>a copy of a book,
engraving, etc., presented to some one by the author or artist, as a
token of regard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sent"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Having the right of
presentation, or offering a clergyman to the bishop for institution;
as, advowsons are <i>presentative</i>, collative, or donative.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Admitting the presentation of a clergyman;
as, a <i>presentative</i> parsonage.</def>  <i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Capable of being directly
known by, or presented to, the mind; intuitive; directly
apprehensible, as objects; capable of apprehending, as
faculties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The latter term, <i>presentative</i> faculty, I use . .
. in contrast and correlation to a "representative
faculty."</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres`en*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;sent&eacute;</i>, p. p. See <u>Present</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> ] <def>One to whom something is presented; also, one who
is presented; specifically <i>(Eccl.)</i>, one presented to
benefice.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sent"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
presents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>praesentialis</i>.] <def>Implying actual presence; present,
immediate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God's mercy is made <i>presential</i> to
us.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pre*sen"tial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*sen`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being actually present.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sen"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
present.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*sen"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praesentiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>praesentire</i> to perceive
beforehand; <i>prae</i> before + <i>sentire</i> to feel.] <def>Feeling
or perceiving beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres`en*tif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praesens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, present + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Making present.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>-- <wf>Pres`en*tif"ic*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres`en*tif"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Presentific.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*sen"ti*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pre-
</i> + <i>sentiment</i>: cf. F. <i>pressentiment</i>. See
<u>Presentient</u>.] <def>Previous sentiment, conception, or opinion;
previous apprehension; especially, an antecedent impression or
conviction of something unpleasant, distressing, or calamitous, about
to happen; anticipation of evil; foreboding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sen`ti*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
nature of a presentiment; foreboding.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sen"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Presension</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*sent"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Philol.)</i>
<def>Bringing a conception or notion directly before the mind;
presenting an object to the memory of imagination; -- distinguished
from <i>symbolic</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How greatly the word "will" is felt to have lost
<i>presentive</i> power in the last three centuries.</blockquote>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pre*sent"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pre*sent"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pres"ent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>At present; at this time; now.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The towns and forts you <i>presently</i>
have.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At once; without delay; forthwith; also,
less definitely, soon; shortly; before long; after a little while; by
and by.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>presently</i> the fig tree withered
away.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxi. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>With actual presence; actually .</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His precious body and blood <i>presently
three</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Gardiner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sent"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of presenting, or the state of being presented;
presentation.</def> " Upon the heels of my <i>presentment</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Setting forth to view; delineation;
appearance; representation; exhibition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Power to cheat the eye with blear illusion,<BR>
And give it false <i>presentment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The notice
taken by a grand jury of any offence from their own knowledge or
observation, without any bill of indictment laid before them, as, the
<i>presentment</i> of a nuisance, a libel, or the like; also, an
inquisition of office and indictment by a grand jury; an official
accusation presented to a tribunal by the grand jury in an indictment,
or the act of offering an indictment; also, the indictment
itself.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The official notice (formerly
required to be given in court) of the surrender of a copyhold
estate.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Presentment of a bill of exchange</b></col>, <cd>the
offering of a bill to the drawee for acceptance, or to the acceptor
for payment. See <i>Bill of exchange</i>, under <u>Bill</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1133 !>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres"ent*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being present; presence.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Presentness</i>
of mind in danger."  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres`en*toir"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed after
analogy of French.] <def>An ornamental tray, dish, or the like, used
as a salver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*serv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being preserved; admitting of preservation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres`er*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;servation</i>.] <def>The act or process of preserving, or
keeping safe; the state of being preserved, or kept from injury,
destruction, or decay; security; safety; as, <i>preservation</i> of
life, fruit, game, etc.; a picture in good
<i>preservation</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give us particulars of thy
<i>preservation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*serv"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;servatif</i>.] <def>Having the power or quality of
preserving; tending to preserve, or to keep from injury, decay,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*serv"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
preserves, or has the power of preserving; a presevative
agent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To wear tablets as <i>preservatives</i> against the
plague.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*serv"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Preservative.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*serv"a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Preservatories</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
preservative.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A room, or apparatus, in which perishable
things, as fruit, vegetables, etc., can be preserved without
decay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*serve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Preserved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Preserving</u>.] [F. <i>pr&eacute;server</i>, from L. <i>prae</i>
before + <i>servare</i> to save, preserve; cf. L. <i>praeservare</i>
to observe beforehand. See <u>Serve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
keep or save from injury or destruction; to guard or defend from evil,
harm, danger, etc.; to protect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Lord, thou <i>preserved</i> man and
beast.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxvi. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, good angels <i>preserve</i> the king.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To save from decay by the use of some
preservative substance, as sugar, salt, etc.; to season and prepare
for remaining in a good state, as fruits, meat, etc.; as, to
<i>preserve</i> peaches or grapes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You can not <i>preserve</i> it from
tainting.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To maintain throughout; to keep intact; as,
to <i>preserve</i> appearances; to <i>preserve</i> silence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To preserve game</b></col>, <cd>to protect it from
extermination.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To keep; save; secure; uphold; sustain; defend;
spare; protect; guard; shield. See <u>Keep</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*serve"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make preserves.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To protect game for purposes of
sport.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*serve"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is preserved; fruit, etc., seasoned and kept by
suitable preparation; esp., fruit cooked with sugar; -- commonly in
the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place in which game, fish, etc., are
preserved for purposes of sport, or for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*serv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, preserves, saves, or defends, from
destruction, injury, or decay; esp., one who saves the life or
character of another.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who makes preserves of fruit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Game preserver</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Game</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre*show"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
foreshow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*side"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Presided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Presiding</u>.] [L. <i>praesidere</i>; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>sedere</i> to sit: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;sider</i>. See <u>Sit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be set, or to sit, in the place of
authority; to occupy the place of president, chairman, moderator,
director, etc.; to direct, control, and regulate, as chief officer;
as, to <i>preside</i> at a public meeting; to <i>preside</i> over the
senate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exercise superintendence; to watch
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some o'er the public magazines
<i>preside</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres"i*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Presidency</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pres"i*den*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Presidencies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;sidence</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The function or condition of one who presides;
superintendence; control and care.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The office of president; as, Washington was
elected to the <i>presidency</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The term during which a president holds his
office; as, during the <i>presidency</i> of Madison.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the three great divisions of British
India, the Bengal, Madras, and Bombay Presidencies, each of which had
a council of which its governor was president.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"i*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Precedent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres"i*dent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Occupying the first
rank or chief place; having the highest authority; presiding.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His angels <i>president</i><BR>
In every province.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres"i*dent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;sident</i>, L. <i>praesidens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr.
of <i>praesidere</i>. See <u>Preside</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who is elected or appointed to preside; a presiding officer, as of a
legislative body.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
chief officer of a corporation, company, institution, society, or the
like.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The chief executive officer of
the government in certain republics; as, the <i>president</i> of the
United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A protector; a guardian; a presiding
genius.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Just Apollo, <i>president</i> of verse.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres`i*den"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Presiding or watching over.</def>
"<i>Presidential</i> angels."  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a president; as, the
<i>presidential</i> chair; a <i>presidential</i> election.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"i*dent*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
and dignity of president; presidency.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
presides.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pre*sid"i*al</hw> (?), <hw>Pre*sid"i*a*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>praesidialis</i> and <i>praesidiarius</i>,
fr. <i>praesidium</i> a presiding over, defense, guard. See
<u>Preside</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a garrison; having a
garrison.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are three <i>presidial</i> castles in this
city.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sid"i*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praesidiarium</i>.] <def>A guard.</def> [Obs.] "Heavenly
<i>presidiaries</i>."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sid"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Preside</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Presiding elder</b></col>. <cd>See under 2d
<u>Elder</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pre*si"di*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A place
of defense; a fortress; a garrison; a fortress; a garrison or
guardhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sig`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [&?;.
<i>praesignificatio</i>. See <u>Presignify</u>.] <def>The act of
signifying or showing beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sig"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Presignified</u> (?); <pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Presignifying</u>.] [L. <i>praesignificare</i>;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>significare</i> to signify.] <def>To intimate
or signify beforehand; to presage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sphe"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of the sphenoid bone; of or pertaining to the
anterior part of the sphenoid bone (<i>i. e.</i>, the presphenoid
bone).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Presphenoid bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the anterior
part of the body of the sphenoid bone in front of the basisphenoid. It
is usually a separate bone in the young or fetus, but becomes a part
of the sphenoid in the adult.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sphe"noid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The presphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`sphe*noid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the presphenoid bone; presphenoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*spi"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Prevertebral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Press</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An East Indian insectivore (<i>Tupaia ferruginea</i>). It is
arboreal in its habits, and has a bushy tail. The fur is soft, and
varies from rusty red to maroon and to brownish black.</def></p>

<p><hw>Press</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Corrupt. fr. <i>prest</i>
ready money advanced, a loan; hence, earnest money given soldiers on
entering service. See <u>Prest</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
force into service, particularly into naval service; to
impress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To peaceful peasant to the wars is
<i>pressed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Press</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>prest</i>, confused
with <i>press</i>.] <def>A commission to force men into public
service, particularly into the navy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have misused the king's <i>press</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Press gang</b></col>, or <col><b>Pressgang</b></col>, <cd>a
detachment of seamen under the command of an officer empowered to
force men into the naval service. See <i>Impress gang</i>, under
<u>Impress</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Press money</b></col>, <cd>money paid
to a man enlisted into public service. See <i>Prest money</i>, under
<u>Prest</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Press</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pressed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pressing</u>.] [F. <i>presser</i>, fr. L. <i>pressare</i> to press,
fr. <i>premere</i>, <i>pressum</i>, to press.  Cf. <u>Print</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To urge, or act upon,
with force, as weight; to act upon by pushing or thrusting, in
distinction from pulling; to crowd or compel by a gradual and
continued exertion; to bear upon; to squeeze; to compress; as, we
<i>press</i> the ground with the feet when we walk; we <i>press</i>
the couch on which we repose; we <i>press</i> substances with the
hands, fingers, or arms; we are <i>pressed</i> in a crowd.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good measure, <i>pressed</i> down, and shaken
together.</blockquote> <i>Luke vi. 38.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To squeeze, in order to extract the juice
or contents of; to squeeze out, or express, from something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From sweet kernels <i>pressed</i>,<BR>
She tempers dulcet creams.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And I took the grapes, and <i>pressed</i> them into
Pharaoh's cup, and I gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xl. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To squeeze in or with suitable instruments
or apparatus, in order to compact, make dense, or smooth; as, to
<i>press</i> cotton bales, paper, etc.; to smooth by ironing; as, to
<i>press</i> clothes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To embrace closely; to hug.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leucothoe shook at these alarms,<BR>
And <i>pressed</i> Palemon closer in her arms.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To oppress; to bear hard upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Press</i> not a falling man too far.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To straiten; to distress; as, to be
<i>pressed</i> with want or hunger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To exercise very powerful or irresistible
influence upon or over; to constrain; to force; to compel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Paul was <i>pressed</i> in the spirit, and testified to
the Jews that Jesus was Christ.</blockquote> <i>Acts xviii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To try to force (something upon some one);
to urge or inculcate with earnestness or importunity; to enforce; as,
to <i>press</i> divine truth on an audience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>pressed</i> a letter upon me within this
hour.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be sure to <i>press</i> upon him every
motive.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To drive with violence; to hurry; to urge
on; to ply hard; as, to <i>press</i> a horse in a race.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The posts . . . went cut, being hastened and
<i>pressed</i> on, by the king's commandment.</blockquote> <i>Esther
viii. 14.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Press</i> differs from <i>drive</i> and <i>strike</i> in
usually denoting a slow or continued application of force; whereas
<i>drive</i> and <i>strike</i> denote a sudden impulse of force.</p>

<p><col><b>Pressed brick</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Brick</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Press</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
exert pressure; to bear heavily; to push, crowd, or urge with steady
force.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move on with urging and crowding; to
make one's way with violence or effort; to bear onward forcibly; to
crowd; to throng; to encroach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>pressed</i> upon him for to touch
him.</blockquote> <i>Mark iii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To urge with vehemence or importunity; to
exert a strong or compelling influence; as, an argument <i>presses</i>
upon the judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Press</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>presse</i>. See 4th
<u>Press</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An apparatus or machine by
which any substance or body is pressed, squeezed, stamped, or shaped,
or by which an impression of a body is taken; sometimes, the place or
building containing a press or presses.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Presses are differently constructed for various purposes in
the arts, their specific uses being commonly designated; as, a cotton
<i>press</i>, a wine <i>press</i>, a cider <i>press</i>, a copying
<i>press</i>, etc. See <u>Drill press</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a printing press.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The art or business of printing and
publishing; hence, printed publications, taken collectively, more
especially newspapers or the persons employed in writing for them; as,
a free <i>press</i> is a blessing, a licentious <i>press</i> is a
curse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An upright case or closet for the safe
keeping of articles; as, a clothes <i>press</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of pressing or thronging
forward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In their throng and <i>press</i> to that last
hold.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Urgent demands of business or affairs;
urgency; as, a <i>press</i> of engagements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A multitude of individuals crowded
together; &?; crowd of single things; a throng.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They could not come nigh unto him for the
<i>press</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mark ii. 4.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cylinder press</b></col>, <cd>a printing press in which the
impression is produced by a revolving cylinder under which the form
passes; also, one in which the form of type or plates is curved around
a cylinder, instead of resting on a flat bed.</cd> --
<col><b>Hydrostatic press</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Hydrostatic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Liberty of the press</b></col>,
<cd>the free right of publishing books, pamphlets, or papers, without
previous restraint or censorship, subject only to punishment for
libelous, seditious, or morally pernicious matters.</cd> --
<col><b>Press bed</b></col>, <cd>a bed that may be folded, and
inclosed, in a press or closet.</cd> <i>Boswell.</i> -- <col><b>Press
of sail</b></col>, <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>as much sail as the state of
the wind will permit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Press"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, presses.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Presser bar</b></col>, or <col><b>Presser wheel</b></col>
<i>(Knitting machine)</i>, <cd>a bar or wheel which closes the barbs
of the needles to enable the loops of the yarn to pass over them.</cd>
-- <col><b>Presser foot</b></col>, <cd>the part of a sewing machine
which rests on the cloth and presses it down upon the table of the
machine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Press"gang`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Press
gang</i>, under <u>Press</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Press"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Urgent; exacting;
importunate; as, a <i>pressing</i> necessity.</def> --
<wf>Press"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pressio</i>:
cf. F. <i>pression</i>. See 4th <u>Press</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of pressing; pressure.</def>  <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cartesian Philos.)</i> <def>An endeavor to
move.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres`si*ros"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>presssus</i> pressed (p. p. of <i>premere</i>) + <i>rostrum</i>
beak: cf. F. <i>pressirostre</i>. See 4th <u>Press</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a tribe of wading birds
(<i>Pressirostres</i>) including those which have a compressed beak,
as the plovers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres`si*ros"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
pressirosters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"si*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 4th
<u>Press</u>.] <def>Gravitating; heavy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pressing; urgent;
also, oppressive; as, <i>pressive</i> taxation.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Press"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Closely;
concisely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Press"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pressmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
manages, or attends to, a press, esp. a printing press.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who presses clothes; as, a tailor's
<i>pressman</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Press"man</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Press</u>.]
<def>One of a press gang, who aids in forcing men into the naval
service; also, one forced into the service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Press"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Causing, or giving rise to, pressure or to an increase of
pressure; as, <i>pressor</i> nerve fibers, stimulation of which
excites the vasomotor center, thus causing a stronger contraction of
the arteries and consequently an increase of the arterial blood
pressure; -- opposed to <i>depressor</i>.</def>  <i>Landois &
Stirling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Press"pack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pack, or
prepare for packing, by means of a press.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"sur*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pressure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The juice of the grape extracted by the
press; also, a fee paid for the use of a wine press.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"sure</hw> (?; 138), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., fr. L.
<i>pressura</i>, fr. <i>premere</i>. See 4th <u>Press</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of pressing, or the condition of being
pressed; compression; a squeezing; a crushing; as, a <i>pressure</i>
of the hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contrasting force or impulse of any kind;
as, the <i>pressure</i> of poverty; the <i>pressure</i> of taxes; the
<i>pressure</i> of motives on the mind; the <i>pressure</i> of
civilization.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the <i>pressure</i> of danger was not
felt.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Affliction; distress; grievance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My people's <i>pressures</i> are grievous.</blockquote>
<i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the midst of his great troubles and
<i>pressures</i>.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Urgency; as, the <i>pressure</i> of
business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Impression; stamp; character
impressed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All saws of books, all forms, all <i>pressures</i>
past.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The action of a force
against some obstacle or opposing force; a force in the nature of a
thrust, distributed over a surface, often estimated with reference to
the amount upon a unit's area.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Atmospheric pressure</b></col>, <col><b>Center of
pressure</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>Atmospheric</u>,
<u>Center</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Back pressure</b></col> <i>(Steam
engine)</i>, <cd>pressure which resists the motion of the piston, as
the pressure of exhaust steam which does not find free outlet.</cd> --
<col><b>Fluid pressure</b></col>, <cd>pressure like that exerted by a
fluid. It is a thrust which is normal and equally intense in all
directions around a point.</cd> <i>Rankine.</i> -- <col><b>Pressure
gauge</b></col>, <cd>a gauge for indicating fluid pressure; a
manometer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Press"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
printing from the surface of type, plates, or engravings in relief, by
means of a press; the work so done.</def>  <i>MacKellar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prest</hw> (pr&ebreve;st), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Press</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prest</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>prest</i>, F.
<i>pr&ecirc;t</i>, fr. L. <i>praestus</i> ready.  Cf. <u>Presto</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ready; prompt; prepared.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>prest</i> to such battle he was.</blockquote>
<i>R. of Gloucester.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Neat; tidy; proper.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Prest money</b></col>, <cd>money formerly paid to men when
they enlisted into the British service; -- so called because it bound
those that received it to be ready for service when called
upon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prest</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>prest</i>, F.
<i>pr&ecirc;t</i>, fr. OF. <i>prester</i> to lend, F.
<i>pr&ecirc;ter</i>, fr. L. <i>praestare</i> to stand before, to
become surety for, to fulfill, offer, supply; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Stand</u>, and cf.
<u>Press</u> to force into service.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ready
money; a loan of money.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Requiring of the city a <i>prest</i> of six thousand
marks.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A duty in money formerly paid
by the sheriff on his account in the exchequer, or for money left or
remaining in his hands.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prest</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give as a loan; to
lend.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sums of money . . . <i>prested</i> out in
loan.</blockquote> <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prest"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Payable.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Pres*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praestatio</i> a performing, paying, fr. <i>praestare</i>: cf. F.
<i>prestation</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A payment of money; a
toll or duty; also, the rendering of a service.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1134 !></p>

<p><col><b>Prestation money</b></col>, <cd>a sum of money paid yearly
by archdeacons and other dignitaries to their bishop.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pres"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, from
&?; to kindle or burn, and &?; to blow up, swell out by blowing.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A meteor or exhalation formerly supposed to be
thrown from the clouds with such violence that by collision it is set
on fire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>One of the veins of the neck
when swollen with anger or other excitement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pres"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>prestre</i>. See
<u>Priest</u>.] <def>A priest or presbyter; as, <i>Prester</i>
John.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*ster"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The anterior segment of the sternum; the
manubrium.</def> -- <wf>Pre*ster"nal</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pres`ti*dig"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nimble-
fingered; having fingers fit for prestidigitation, or juggling.</def>
[R.]  "His <i>prestidigital</i> hand."  <i>Charles Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres`ti*dig`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Legerdemain; sleight of hand; juggling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres`ti*dig"i*ta`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praesto</i> ready + <i>digitus</i> finger: cf. F.
<i>prestidigitateur</i>.] <def>One skilled in legerdemain or sleight
of hand; a juggler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"tige</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>praestigum</i> delusion, illusion, <i>praestigae</i> deceptions,
jugglers' tricks, prob. fr. <i>prae</i> before + the root of
<i>stinguere</i> to extinguish, originally, to prick. See
<u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Delusion;
illusion; trick.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sophisms of infidelity, and the <i>prestiges</i> of
imposture.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weight or influence derived from past
success; expectation of future achievements founded on those already
accomplished; force or charm derived from acknowledged character or
reputation.</def> "The <i>prestige</i> of his name must go for
something."  <i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres*tig`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praestigiare</i> to deceive by juggling tricks, fr.
<i>praestigae</i>. See <u>Prestige</u>.] <def>Legerdemain;
prestidigitation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pres*tig"i*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praestigiator</i>.] <def>A juggler; prestidigitator.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres*tig"i*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of impostures; juggling.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres*tig"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praestigiosus</i>.] <def>Practicing tricks; juggling.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cotton Mather.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pres"ti*mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>praestimonium</i>, fr. L. <i>praestare</i> to furnish, supply: cf.
F. <i>prestimonie</i>. See <u>Prest</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<i>(Canon Law)</i> <def>A fund for the support of a priest, without
the title of a benefice. The patron in the collator.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pres*tis"si*mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It., superl.
of <i>presto</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Very quickly; with great
rapidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It. or Sp.
<i>presto</i> quick, quickly. See <u>Prest</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quickly; immediately; in haste;
suddenly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Presto</i>! begone! 'tis here again.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Quickly; rapidly; -- a
direction for a quick, lively movement or performance; quicker than
allegro, or any rate of time except prestissimo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*stric"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praestrictio</i> a binding fast, fr. <i>praestringere</i>. See
<u>Pre-</u>, and <u>Stringent</u>.] <def>Obstruction, dimness, or
defect of sight.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sul"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praesultor</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>salire</i> to dance.]
<def>A leader in the dance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*sum"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;sumable</i>.] <def>Such as may be presumed or supposed to
be true; that seems entitled to belief without direct
evidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sum"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a presumable
manner; by, or according to, presumption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Presumed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Presuming</u>.] [F. <i>pr&eacute;sumer</i>, L. <i>praesumere</i>,
<i>praesumptum</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>sumere</i> to take. See
<u>Assume</u>, <u>Redeem</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To assume or
take beforehand; esp., to do or undertake without leave or authority
previously obtained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dare he <i>presume</i> to scorn us in this
manner?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bold deed thou hast <i>presumed</i>, adventurous
Eve.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take or suppose to be true, or entitled
to belief, without examination or proof, or on the strength of
probability; to take for granted; to infer; to suppose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man is to be <i>presumed</i> innocent till he is
proved to be guilty.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What rests but that the mortal sentence pass, . . .
<BR>
Which he <i>presumes</i> already vain and void,<BR>
Because not yet inflicted?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sume"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To suppose or assume something to be, or to be true, on grounds
deemed valid, though not amounting to proof; to believe by
anticipation; to infer; as, we may <i>presume</i> too far.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To venture, go, or act, by an assumption of
leave or authority not granted; to go beyond what is warranted by the
circumstances of the case; to venture beyond license; to take
liberties; -- often with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i> before the ground of
confidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not <i>presume</i> too much upon my
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This man <i>presumes</i> upon his parts.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sum"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
presumption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sum"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
presumes; also, an arrogant person.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sum"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Confidently;
arrogantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sump"tion</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praesumptio</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;somption</i>, OF. also
<i>presumpcion</i>. See <u>Presume</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of presuming, or believing upon probable evidence; the act of
assuming or taking for granted; belief upon incomplete
proof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ground for presuming; evidence probable,
but not conclusive; strong probability; reasonable supposition; as,
the <i>presumption</i> is that an event has taken place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is presumed or assumed; that
which is supposed or believed to be real or true, on evidence that is
probable but not conclusive.</def> "In contradiction to these very
plausible <i>presumptions</i>."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of venturing beyond due beyond due
bounds; an overstepping of the bounds of reverence, respect, or
courtesy; forward, overconfident, or arrogant opinion or conduct;
presumptuousness; arrogance; effrontery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy son I killed for his
<i>presumption</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I had the <i>presumption</i> to dedicate to you a very
unfinished piece.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Conclusive presumption</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Conclusive</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Presumption of fact</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an argument of a fact from a fact; an inference as
to the existence of one fact not certainly known, from the existence
of some other fact known or proved, founded on a previous experience
of their connection; supposition of the truth or real existence of
something, without direct or positive proof of the fact, but grounded
on circumstantial or probable evidence which entitles it to
belief.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> <i>Best.</i> <i>Wharton.</i> --
<col><b>Presumption of law</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a postulate
applied in advance to all cases of a particular class; <i>e. g.</i>,
the presumption of innocence and of regularity of records. Such a
presumption is rebuttable or irrebuttable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sump"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;somptif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Based on
presumption or probability; grounded on probable evidence; probable;
as, <i>presumptive</i> proof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Presumptuous; arrogant.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Presumptive evidence</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that which
is derived from circumstances which necessarily or usually attend a
fact, as distinct from direct evidence or positive proof; indirect or
circumstantial evidence. "<i>Presumptive</i> evidence of felony should
be cautiously admitted." <i>Blackstone.</i> The distinction, however,
between direct and presumptive (or circumstantial) evidence is now
generally abandoned; all evidence being now more or less direct and
more or less presumptive.</cd> -- <col><b>Presumptive heir</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Heir presumptive</i>, under <u>Heir</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sump"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
presumption, or supposition grounded or probability;
presumably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sump"tu*ous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praesumptuosus</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;somptueux</i>, OF. also
<i>presumptuous</i>. See <u>Presumption</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of presumption; presuming; overconfident or venturesome;
audacious; rash; taking liberties unduly; arrogant; insolent; as, a
<i>presumptuous</i> commander; <i>presumptuous</i> conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A class of <i>presumptuous</i> men, whom age has not
made cautious, nor adversity wise.</blockquote>
<i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Founded on presumption; as, a
<i>presumptuous</i> idea.</def> "False, <i>presumptuous</i> hope."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Done with hold design, rash confidence, or
in violation of known duty; willful.</def> "Keep back the servant also
from <i>presumptuous</i> sins."  <i>Ps. xix. 13.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Overconfident; foolhardy; rash; presuming; forward;
arrogant; insolent.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*sump"tu*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
presumptuous manner; arrogantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sump"tu*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being presumptuous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`sup*pos"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Presupposition.</def> [R.] "<i>Presupposal</i> of knowledge."
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`sup*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Presupposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Presupposing</u>.] [Pref. <i>pre-</i> +
<i>suppose</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;supposer</i>.] <def>To suppose
beforehand; to imply as antecedent; to take for granted; to assume;
as, creation <i>presupposes</i> a creator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each [kind of knowledge] <i>presupposes</i> many
necessary things learned in other sciences, and known
beforehand.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*sup`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>pre-</i> +<i> supposition</i>: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;supposition</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
presupposing; an antecedent implication; presumption.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is presupposed; a previous
supposition or surmise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`sur*mise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A surmise
previously formed.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`sys*tol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Preceding the systole or contraction of the heart; as, the
<i>presystolic</i> friction sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*tem"po*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of the temporal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*tence"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Pre*tence"ful</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<hw>Pre*tence"*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pretense</u>, <u>Pretenseful</u>, <u>Pretenseless</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pretended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pretending</u>.] [OE. <i>pretenden</i> to lay claim to, F.
<i>pr&eacute;tendre</i>, L. <i>praetendere</i>, <i>praetentum</i>, to
stretch forward, pretend, simulate, assert; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>tendere</i> to stretch. See <u>Tend</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay a claim to; to allege a title to; to
claim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chiefs shall be grudged the part which they
<i>pretend</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold before, or put forward, as a cloak
or disguise for something else; to exhibit as a veil for something
hidden.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lest that too heavenly form, <i>pretended</i><BR>
To hellish falsehood, snare them.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hold out, or represent, falsely; to put
forward, or offer, as true or real (something untrue or unreal); to
show hypocritically, or for the purpose of deceiving; to simulate; to
feign; as, to <i>pretend</i> friendship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This let him know,<BR>
Lest, willfully transgressing, he <i>pretend</i><BR>
Surprisal.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To intend; to design; to plot; to
attempt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such as shall <i>pretend</i><BR>
Malicious practices against his state.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To hold before one; to extend.</def> [Obs.]
"His target always over her <i>pretended</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*tend"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To put in, or make, a claim, truly or falsely; to allege a title;
to lay claim to, or strive after, something; -- usually with
<i>to</i>.</def> "Countries that <i>pretend</i> to freedom."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For to what fine he would anon <i>pretend</i>,<BR>
That know I well.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold out the appearance of being,
possessing, or performing; to profess; to make believe; to feign; to
sham; as, to <i>pretend</i> to be asleep.</def>  "[He]
<i>pretended</i> to drink the waters."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*tend"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pretender; a
claimant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*tend"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making a false
appearance; unreal; false; as, <i>pretended</i> friend.</def> --
<wf>Pre*tend"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre*tend"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
pretending; pretense.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*tend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who lays claim, or asserts a title (to something); a
claimant.</def> Specifically, <def><i>The pretender</i> <i>(Eng.
Hist.)</i>, the son or the grandson of James II., the heir of the
royal family of Stuart, who laid claim to the throne of Great Britain,
from which the house was excluded by law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the shallow, unimproved intellects that are the
confident <i>pretenders</i> to certainty.</blockquote>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who pretends, simulates, or
feigns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*tend"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character,
right, or claim of a pretender.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*tend"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As by right
or title; arrogantly; presumptuously.</def>  <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pre*tense"</hw>, <hw>Pre*tence</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>praetensus</i>, for L. <i>praetentus</i>,
p. p. of <i>praetendere</i>. See <u>Pretend</u>, and cf.
<u>Tension</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of laying claim; the
claim laid; assumption; pretension.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Primogeniture can not have any <i>pretense</i> to a
right of solely inheriting property or power.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I went to Lambeth with Sir R. Brown's <i>pretense</i>
to the wardenship of Merton College, Oxford.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of holding out, or offering, to
others something false or feigned; presentation of what is deceptive
or hypocritical; deception by showing what is unreal and concealing
what is real; false show; simulation; as, <i>pretense</i> of illness;
under <i>pretense</i> of patriotism; on <i>pretense</i> of revenging
C&aelig;sar's death.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is pretended; false, deceptive,
or hypocritical show, argument, or reason; pretext; feint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not the Trojans, with a feigned <i>pretense</i><BR>
Of proffered peace, delude the Latian prince.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Intention; design.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A very <i>pretense</i> and purpose of
unkindness.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; See the <u>Note</u> under <u>Offense</u>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mask; appearance; color; show; pretext; excuse.  --
<u>Pretense</u>, <u>Pretext</u>. A <i>pretense</i> is something held
out as real when it is not so, thus falsifying the truth. A
<i>pretext</i> is something woven up in order to cover or conceal
one's true motives, feelings, or reasons. <i>Pretext</i> is often, but
not always, used in a bad sense.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*tensed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pretended;
feigned.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Pre*tens"ed*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*tense"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
pretenses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*tense"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having or
making pretenses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ten"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;tention</i>. See <u>Pretend</u>, <u>Tension</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of pretending, or laying claim; the
act of asserting right or title.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The arrogant <i>pretensions</i> of Glengarry
contributed to protract the discussion.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A claim made, whether true or false; a
right alleged or assumed; a holding out the appearance of possessing a
certain character; as, <i>pretensions</i> to scholarship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This was but an invention and <i>pretension</i> given
out by the Spaniards.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men indulge those opinions and practices that favor
their <i>pretensions</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ten"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pre-
</i> + <i>tentative</i>: cf. L. <i>praetentare</i> to try beforehand.]
<def>Fitted for trial beforehand; experimental.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ten"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;tentieux</i>. See <u>Pretend</u>.] <def>Full of
pretension; disposed to lay claim to more than is one's; presuming;
assuming.</def> -- <wf>Pre*ten"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
- <wf>Pre*ten"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pre"ter-</hw> (?). [L. <i>praeter</i> past, beyond, originally
a compar. of <i>prae</i> before. See <u>For</u>, <i>prep</i>.] <def>A
prefix signifying <i>past</i>, <i>by</i>, <i>beyond</i>, <i>more
than</i>; as, <i>preter-</i> mission, a permitting to go by;
<i>preter</i>natural, beyond or more than is natural.</def> [Written
also <i>pr&aelig;ter</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*hu"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>preter-
</i> + <i>human</i>.] <def>More than human.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*te"ri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeteriens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Preterit</u>.] <def>Passed through;
antecedent; previous; as, <i>preterient</i> states.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*im*per"fect</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>preter-</i> + <i>imperfect</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Old name of
the tense also called <i>imperfect</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pret"er*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>preter-
</i> + <i>-ist</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One whose chief interest
is in the past; one who regards the past with most pleasure or
favor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One who believes the
prophecies of the Apocalypse to have been already fulfilled.</def>
<i>Farrar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pret"er*it</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeteritus</i>, p. p. of <i>praeterire</i> to go or pass by;
<i>praeter</i> beyond, by + <i>ire</i> to go: cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;t&eacute;rit</i>. See <u>Issue</u>.] [Written also
<i>preterite</i> and <i>pr&aelig;terite</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Past; -- applied to a tense which expresses an
action or state as past.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging wholly to the past; passed
by.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Things and persons as thoroughly <i>preterite</i> as
Romulus or Numa.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pret"er*it</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The
preterit; also, a word in the preterit tense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pret"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Preterit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pret"er*ite*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Preteritness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*i"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeteritio</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;t&eacute;rition</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of passing, or going past; the state
of being past.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by which, in
pretending to pass over anything, a summary mention of it is made; as,
"I will not say, he is valiant, he is learned, he is just."  Called
also <i>paraleipsis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The omission by a testator of
some one of his heirs who is entitled to a portion.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ter"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>Used only or chiefly in the preterit or past tenses, as certain
verbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pret"er*it*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being past.</def>  <i>Bentley. Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*lapsed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeterlapsus</i>, p. p. of <i>praeterlabi</i> to glide by. See
<u>Preter-</u>, <u>Lapse</u>.] <def>Past; as, <i>preterlapsed</i>
ages.</def> [R.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*le"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>preter-
</i> + <i>legal</i>.] <def>Exceeding the limits of law.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 1135 !></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praetermissio</i>. See <u>Pretermit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of passing by or omitting; omission.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>See
<u>Preterition</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pretermitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pretermitting</u>.] [L. <i>praetermittere</i>,
<i>praetermissum</i>; <i>praeter</i> beyond + <i>mittere</i> to send.
See <u>Mission</u>.] <def>To pass by; to omit; to disregard.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*nat"u*ral</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>preter + natural</i>.] <def>Beyond of different from what is
natural, or according to the regular course of things, but not clearly
supernatural or miraculous; strange; inexplicable; extraordinary;
uncommon; irregular; abnormal; as, a <i>preternatural</i> appearance;
a <i>preternatural</i> stillness; a <i>preternatural</i> presentation
(in childbirth) or labor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This vile and <i>preternatural</i> temper of
mind.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Supernatural</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*nat"u*ral*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being preternatural; a preternatural condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*nat`u*ral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Preternaturalness.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. John Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*nat"u*ral*ly</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a preternatural manner or degree.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*nat"u*ral*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being preternatural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*per"fect</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>preter-</i> + <i>perfect</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Old name of the
tense also called <i>preterit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*plu"per`fect</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>preter-</i> + <i>pluperfect</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Old name of
the tense also called <i>pluperfect</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ter"ti*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Earlier than Tertiary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ter*vec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praetervectio</i>, fr. <i>praetervehere</i> to carry beyond. See
<u>Invection</u>.] <def>The act of carrying past or beyond.</def> [R.]
<i>Abp. Potter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*tex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praetexere</i>. See <u>Pretext</u>.] <def>To frame; to devise; to
disguise or excuse; hence, to pretend; to declare falsely.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre"text</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;texte</i>, L. <i>praetextum</i>, fr. <i>praetextus</i>,
p. p. of <i>praetexere</i> to weave before, allege as an excuse;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>texere</i> to weave. See <u>Text</u>.]
<def>Ostensible reason or motive assigned or assumed as a color or
cover for the real reason or motive; pretense; disguise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They suck the blood of those they depend on, under a
<i>pretext</i> of service and kindness.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With how much or how little <i>pretext</i> of
reason.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pretense; excuse; semblance; disguise; appearance.
See <u>Pretense</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*tex"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
pretext.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*tib"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated in front of the tibia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>praetor</i>, for
<i>praeitor</i>, fr. <i>praeire</i> to go before; <i>prae</i> before +
<i>ire</i> to go. See <u>Issue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A civil officer or magistrate among the ancient
Romans.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Originally the <i>pretor</i> was a kind of third consul; but
at an early period two pretors were appointed, the first of whom
(<i>praetor urbanus</i>) was a kind of mayor or city judge; the other
(<i>praetor peregrinus</i>) was a judge of cases in which one or both
of the parties were foreigners. Still later, the number of pretors, or
judges, was further increased.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a mayor or magistrate.</def> [R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pretorian.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praetorians</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;torien</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a pretor or magistrate; judicial; exercised by, or
belonging to, a pretor; as, <i>pretorian</i> power or
authority.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pretorian bands</b></col> or <col><b>guards</b></col>, or
<col><b>Pretorians</b></col> <i>(Rom. Hist.)</i>, <cd>the emperor's
bodyguards, instituted by the Emperor Augustus in nine cohorts of
1,000 men each.</cd> -- <col><b>Pretorian gate</b></col> <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i>, <cd>that one of the four gates in a camp which lay next
the enemy.</cd>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*to"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soldier of the
pretorian guard.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pre*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praetorium</i>, fr. <i>praetor</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
general's tent in a Roman camp; hence, a council of war, because held
in the general's tent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The official residence of a governor of a
province; hence, a place; a splendid country seat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
dignity of a pretor.</def>  <i>J. Warton</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*tor"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
torture beforehand.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pret"ti*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pretty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pret"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being pretty; -- used sometimes in a disparaging
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A style . . . without sententious pretension or
antithetical <i>prettiness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pret"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Prettier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Prettiest</u>.] [OE. <i>prati</i>, AS.
<i>pr&aelig;ttig</i>, <i>pr&aelig;tig</i>, crafty, sly, akin to
<i>pr&aelig;t</i>, <i>pr&aelig;tt</i>, deceit, trickery, Icel.
<i>prettugr</i> tricky, <i>prettr</i> a trick; probably fr. Latin,
perhaps through Celtic; cf. W. <i>praith</i> act, deed, practice, LL.
<i>practica</i> execution, practice, plot. See <u>Practice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing by delicacy or grace; attracting, but
not striking or impressing; of a pleasing and attractive form a color;
having slight or diminutive beauty; neat or elegant without elevation
or grandeur; pleasingly, but not grandly, conceived or expressed; as,
a <i>pretty</i> face; a <i>pretty</i> flower; a <i>pretty</i>
poem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the <i>prettiest</i> lowborn lass that ever<BR>
Ran on the greensward.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moderately large; considerable; as, he had
saved a <i>pretty</i> fortune.</def> "Wavering a <i>pretty</i> while."
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Affectedly nice; foppish; -- used in an ill
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pretty</i> gentleman is the most complaisant in
the world.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mean; despicable; contemptible; -- used
ironically; as, a <i>pretty</i> trick; a <i>pretty</i>
fellow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Stout; strong and brave; intrepid;
valiant.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[He] observed they were <i>pretty</i> men, meaning not
handsome.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Elegant; neat; fine. See <u>Handsome</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pret"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In some degree;
moderately; considerably; rather; almost; -- less emphatic than
<i>very</i>; as, I am <i>pretty</i> sure of the fact; <i>pretty</i>
cold weather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pretty</i> plainly professes himself a sincere
Christian.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pret"ty*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
pretty.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pret"ty*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Affectation of
a pretty style, manner, etc.</def> [R.]  <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pret"ty-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spoken or
speaking prettily.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*typ"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pretypified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Pretypifying</u>.] <def>To prefigure; to exhibit
previously in a type.</def>  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pret"zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>pretzel</i>,
<i>bretzel</i>.  Cf. <u>Bretzel</u>.] <def>A kind of German biscuit or
cake in the form of a twisted ring, salted on the outside.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prevailed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prevailing</u>.] [F. <i>pr&eacute;valoir</i>, OF. <i>prevaleir</i>,
L. <i>praevalere</i>; <i>prae</i> before + <i>valere</i> to be strong,
able, or worth. See <u>Valiant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
overcome; to gain the victory or superiority; to gain the advantage;
to have the upper hand, or the mastery; to succeed; -- sometimes with
<i>over</i> or <i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Moses held up his hand, Israel <i>prevailed</i>,
and when he let down his hand, Amalek <i>prevailed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xvii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So David <i>prevailed</i> over the
Philistine.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xvii. 50.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This kingdom could never <i>prevail</i> against the
united power of <i>England</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in force; to have effect, power, or
influence; to be predominant; to have currency or prevalence; to
obtain; as, the practice <i>prevails</i> this day.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This custom makes the short-sighted bigots, and the
warier skeptics, as far as it <i>prevails</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To persuade or induce; -- with <i>on</i>,
<i>upon</i>, or <i>with</i>; as, I <i>prevailed</i>on him to
wait.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>prevailed</i> with to restrain the
Earl.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Prevail</i> upon some judicious friend to be your
constant hearer, and allow him the utmost freedom.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vail"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having superior force or influence; efficacious;
persuasive.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Saints shall assist thee with <i>prevailing</i>
prayers.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Predominant; prevalent; most general; as,
the <i>prevailing</i> disease of a climate; a <i>prevailing</i>
opinion.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b>  See <u>Prevalent</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*vail"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
prevail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vail"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Prevalence;
superior influence; efficacy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prev"a*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praevalentia</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;valence</i>. See
<u>Prevail</u>.] <def>The quality or condition of being prevalent;
superior strength, force, or influence; general existence, reception,
or practice; wide extension; as, the <i>prevalence</i> of virtue, of a
fashion, or of a disease; the <i>prevalence</i> of a rumor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The duke better knew what kind of argument were of
<i>prevalence</i> with him.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prev"a*len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Prevalence</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prev"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praevalens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>praevalere</i>. See
<u>Prevail</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Gaining advantage or
superiority; having superior force, influence, or efficacy;
prevailing; predominant; successful; victorious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brennus told the Roman embassadors, that
<i>prevalent</i> arms were as good as any title.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Most generally received or current; most
widely adopted or practiced; also, generally or extensively existing;
widespread; prevailing; as, a <i>prevalent</i> observance;
<i>prevalent</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This was the most received and <i>prevalent</i>
opinion.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prevailing; predominant; successful; efficacious;
powerful.  -- <u>Prevalent</u>, <u>Prevailing</u>. What customarily
prevails is <i>prevalent</i>; as, a <i>prevalent</i> fashion. What
actually prevails is <i>prevailing</i>; as, the <i>prevailing</i>
winds are west. Hence, <i>prevailing</i> is the livelier and more
pointed word, since it represents a thing in action. It is sometimes
the stronger word, since a thing may prevail sufficiently to be called
<i>prevalent</i>, and yet require greater strength to make it actually
<i>prevailing</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Prev"a*lent"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a prevalent
manner.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*var"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Prevaricated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Prevaricating</u>.] [L. <i>praevaricatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>praevaricari</i> to walk crookedly, to collude; <i>prae</i> before
+ <i>varicare</i> to straddle, fr. <i>varicus</i> straddling,
<i>varus</i> bent. See <u>Varicose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
shift or turn from one side to the other, from the direct course, or
from truth; to speak with equivocation; to shuffle; to quibble; as, he
<i>prevaricates</i> in his statement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>prevaricates</i> with his own
understanding.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>To collude, as where an
informer colludes with the defendant, and makes a sham
prosecution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>To undertake a thing
falsely and deceitfully, with the purpose of defeating or destroying
it.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To evade; equivocate; quibble; shuffle.  --
<u>Prevaricate</u>, <u>Evade</u>, <u>Equivocate</u>. One who
<i>evades</i> a question ostensibly answers it, but really turns aside
to some other point. He who <i>equivocate</i> uses words which have a
double meaning, so that in one sense he can claim to have said the
truth, though he does in fact deceive, and intends to do it. He who
<i>prevaricates</i> talks all round the question, hoping to "dodge"
it, and disclose nothing.</p>

<p><hw>Pre*var"i*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To evade by a
quibble; to transgress; to pervert.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*var`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praevaricatio</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;varication</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of prevaricating, shuffling, or
quibbling, to evade the truth or the disclosure of truth; a deviation
from the truth and fair dealing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The august tribunal of the skies, where no
<i>prevarication</i> shall avail.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A secret abuse in the exercise of a public
office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Roman
Law)</i> <def>The collusion of an informer with the defendant, for the
purpose of making a sham prosecution.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Common Law)</i> <def>A false or deceitful seeming to undertake a
thing for the purpose of defeating or destroying it.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*var"i*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praevaricator</i>: cf. F. <i>pr&eacute;varicateur</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who prevaricates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Roman Law)</i> <def>A sham dealer; one who
colludes with a defendant in a sham prosecution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who betrays or abuses a trust.</def>
<i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
prove.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Preve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Proof.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prev"e*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;venance</i>.] <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>A going before;
anticipation in sequence or order.</def> "The law of <i>prevenance</i>
is simply the well-known law of phenomenal sequence."
<i>Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prev"e*nan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
anticipating another's wishes, desires, etc., in the way of favor or
courtesy; hence, civility; obligingness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;venir</i>, L. <i>praevenire</i>. See <u>Prevent</u>.]
<def>To come before; to anticipate; hence, to hinder; to
prevent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ven"i*ence</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of going before; anticipation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*ven"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praeveniens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Going before; preceding; hence,
preventive.</def> "<i>Prevenient</i> grace descending."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prevented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Preventing</u>.] [L. <i>praevenire</i>, <i>praeventum</i>;
<i>prae</i> before + <i>venire</i> to come. See <u>Come</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go before; to precede; hence, to go before
as a guide; to direct.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We which are alive and remain unto the coming of the
Lord shall not <i>prevent</i> them which are asleep.</blockquote> <i>1
Thess. iv. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We pray thee that thy grace may always <i>prevent</i>
and follow us.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then had I come, <i>preventing</i> Sheba's
queen.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be beforehand with; to anticipate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their ready guilt <i>preventing</i> thy
commands.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To intercept; to hinder; to frustrate; to
stop; to thwart.</def> "This vile purpose to <i>prevent</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps forestalling night <i>prevented</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vent"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come before the
usual time.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Strawberries . . . will <i>prevent</i> and come
early.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vent`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being preventable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vent"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being prevented or hindered; as, <i>preventable</i>
diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vent"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
prevents; -- incorrectly used instead of <i>preventive</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vent"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who goes before; one who forestalls or anticipates
another.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who prevents or obstructs; a hinderer;
that which hinders; as, a <i>preventer</i> of evils or of
disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An auxiliary rope to
strengthen a mast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Preventer bolts</b></col>, or <col><b>Preventer
plates</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>fixtures connected with
preventers to re&euml;nforce other rigging.</cd> -- <col><b>Preventer
stay</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Preventer</u>,
3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vent"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
prevent or hinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ven"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;vention</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of going,
or state of being, before.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The greater the distance, the greater the
<i>prevention</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anticipation; esp., anticipation of needs
or wishes; hence, precaution; forethought.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.
Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of preventing or hindering;
obstruction of action, access, or approach; thwarting.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Casca, be sudden, for we fear
<i>prevention</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Prejudice; prepossession.</def> [A
Gallicism]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ven"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
prevent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*vent"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;ventif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Going before;
preceding.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Any previous counsel or <i>preventive</i>
understanding.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to defeat or hinder; obviating;
preventing the access of; as, a medicine <i>preventive</i> of
disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Physic is either curative or
<i>preventive</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Preventive service</b></col>, <cd>the duty performed by the
armed police in guarding the coast against smuggling.</cd> [Eng]</p>

<p><hw>Pre*vent"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
prevents, hinders, or obstructs; that which intercepts access; in
medicine, something to prevent disease; a prophylactic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vent"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
preventive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*ver"te*bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated immediately in front, or on the ventral side, of the
vertebral column; prespinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"vi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>praevius</i>
going before, leading the way; <i>prae</i> before + <i>via</i> the
way. See <u>Voyage</u>.] <def>Going before in time; being or happening
before something else; antecedent; prior; as, <i>previous</i>
arrangements; a <i>previous</i> illness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dull sound . . . <i>previous</i> to the storm,<BR>
Rolls o'er the muttering earth.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Previous question</b></col>. <i>(Parliamentary
Practice)</i> <cd>See under <u>Question</u>, and compare
<u>Closure</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Previous to</b></col>, <cd>before; --
often used adverbially for <i>previously</i>.</cd> "<i>Previous to</i>
publication." <i>M. Arnold.</i>  "A policy . . . his friends had
advised <i>previous to</i> 1710." <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Antecedent; preceding; anterior; prior; foregoing;
former.</p>

<p><hw>Pre"vi*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Beforehand;
antecedently; as, a plan <i>previously</i> formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre"vi*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being previous; priority or antecedence in time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>praevisus</i>, p. p. of <i>praevidere</i> to foresee; <i>prae</i>
before + <i>videre</i> to see. See <u>Vision</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To foresee.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inform beforehand; to warn.</def>
<i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pr&eacute;vision</i>.] <def>Foresight; foreknowledge;
prescience.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*voy"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pr&eacute;voyant</i>.] <def>Foreseeing; prescient.</def> [R.]
<i>Mrs. Oliphant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*warn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Prewarned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Prewarning</u>.] <def>To warn beforehand; to
forewarn.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 1136 !></p>

<p><hw>Prey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>preie</i>, F.
<i>proie</i>, L. <i>praeda</i>, probably for <i>praeheda</i>. See
<u>Prehensile</u>, and cf. <u>Depredate</u>, <u>Predatory</u>.]
<def>Anything, as goods, etc., taken or got by violence; anything
taken by force from an enemy in war; spoil; booty; plunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And they brought the captives, and the <i>prey</i>, and
the spoil, unto Moses, and Eleazar the priest.</blockquote> <i>Num.
xxxi. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is or may be seized by animals
or birds to be devoured; hence, a person given up as a
victim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The old lion perisheth for lack of
<i>prey</i>.</blockquote> <i>Job iv. ii.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Already sees herself the monster's
<i>prey</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of devouring other creatures;
ravage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hog in sloth, fox in stealth, . . . lion in
<i>prey</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Beast of prey</b></col>, <cd>a carnivorous animal; one that
feeds on the flesh of other animals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prey</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Preyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Preying</u>.] [OF. <i>preier</i>, <i>preer</i>, L. <i>praedari</i>,
fr. <i>praeda</i>. See <u>Prey</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To take
booty; to gather spoil; to ravage; to take food by violence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More pity that the eagle should be mewed,<BR>
While kites and buzzards <i>prey</i> at liberty.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To prey on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To take prey from; to despoil; to pillage; to
rob</cd>. <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To seize as prey; to
take for food by violence; to seize and devour.</cd> <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To wear away gradually; to cause to waste or
pine away; as, the trouble <i>preyed upon</i> his mind.</cd>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prey"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, preys; a plunderer; a waster; a devourer.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prey"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Disposed to take prey.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>preyful</i> brood of savage beasts.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rich in prey.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pre*zyg`a*poph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Prezygapophyses</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pre-
</u>, and <u>Zygapophysis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An anterior
zygapophysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A corruption of
<i>pair royal</i>. See under <u>Pair</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Pri"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cornish, clayey ground,
from <i>pri</i> clay.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A fine, white, somewhat
friable clay; also, the ore contained in a mixture of clay and
pebbles.</def> [Written also <i>pryan</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pri`a*pe"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>Priapeius</i> pertaining to Priapus.] <i>(Lat. Pros.)</i> <def>A
species of hexameter verse so constructed as to be divisible into two
portions of three feet each, having generally a trochee in the first
and the fourth foot, and an amphimacer in the third; -- applied also
to a regular hexameter verse when so constructed as to be divisible
into two portions of three feet each.</def>  <i>Andrews.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri"a*pism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>priapismus</i>,
Gr. &?;, from <i>Priapus</i> the god of procreation, the penis, Gr.
&?;: cf. F. <i>priapisme</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>More or less
permanent erection and rigidity of the penis, with or without sexual
desire.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pri*ap`u*la"ce*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Priapism</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of
Gephyr&aelig;a, having a cylindrical body with a terminal anal
opening, and usually with one or two caudal gills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pric"a*sour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hard
rider.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Price</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pris</i>, OF.
<i>pris</i>, F. <i>prix</i>, L. <i>pretium</i>; cf. Gr. &?; I sell &?;
to buy, Skr. <i>pa&?;</i> to buy, OI. <i>renim</i> I sell.  Cf.
<u>Appreciate</u>, <u>Depreciate</u>, <u>Interpret</u>, <u>Praise</u>,
<pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos>, <u>Precious</u>, <u>Prize</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sum or amount of money at which a thing is
valued, or the value which a seller sets on his goods in market; that
for which something is bought or sold, or offered for sale; equivalent
in money or other means of exchange; current value or rate paid or
demanded in market or in barter; cost.</def> "Buy wine and milk
without money and without <i>price</i>."  <i>Isa. lv. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We can afford no more at such a
<i>price</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Value; estimation; excellence;
worth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>price</i> is far above rubies.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xxxi. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>New treasures still, of countless
<i>price</i>.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Reward; recompense; as, the <i>price</i> of
industry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is the <i>price</i> of toil,<BR>
The knave deserves it when he tills the soil.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Price current</b></col>, or <col><b>Price list</b></col>,
<cd>a statement or list of the prevailing prices of merchandise,
stocks, specie, bills of exchange, etc., published statedly or
occasionally.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Price</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Priced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pricing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pay the price of.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With thine own blood to <i>price</i> his
blood.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set a price on; to value. See
<u>Prize</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To ask the price of; as, to <i>price</i>
eggs.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Priced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rated in price;
valued; as, high-<i>priced</i> goods; low-<i>priced</i>
labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Price"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Thomas
<i>Price</i> of San Francisco.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous borate of
lime, from Oregon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Price"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Too valuable to admit of being appraised; of inestimable worth;
invaluable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of no value; worthless.</def> [R.]  <i>J.
Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>prica</i>,
<i>pricca</i>, <i>pricu</i>; akin to LG. <i>prick</i>, <i>pricke</i>,
D. <i>prik</i>, Dan. <i>prik</i>, <i>prikke</i>, Sw. <i>prick</i>.
Cf. <u>Prick</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which pricks, penetrates, or punctures; a sharp and slender thing; a
pointed instrument; a goad; a spur, etc.; a point; a skewer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pins, wooden <i>pricks</i>, nails, sprigs of
rosemary.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is hard for thee to kick against the
<i>pricks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts ix. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of pricking, or the sensation of
being pricked; a sharp, stinging pain; figuratively, remorse.</def>
"The <i>pricks</i> of conscience."  <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mark made by a pointed instrument; a
puncture; a point.</def> Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A point or
mark on the dial, noting the hour.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>prick</i> of
noon." <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The point on a target at
which an archer aims; the mark; the pin.</def> "They that shooten
nearest the <i>prick</i>." <i>Spenser.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
mark denoting degree; degree; pitch.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>prick</i> of
highest praise forth to advance." <i>Spenser.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>A mathematical point; -- regularly used in old English
translations of Euclid.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The footprint
of a hare.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small roll; as, a
<i>prick</i> of spun yarn; a <i>prick</i> of tobacco.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prick</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pricked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pricking</u>.] [AS. <i>prician</i>; akin to LG. <i>pricken</i>, D.
<i>prikken</i>, Dan. <i>prikke</i>, Sw. <i>pricka</i>. See
<u>Prick</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Prink</u>,
<u>Prig</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pierce slightly with a sharp-
pointed instrument or substance; to make a puncture in, or to make by
puncturing; to drive a fine point into; as, to <i>prick</i> one with a
pin, needle, etc.; to <i>prick</i> a card; to <i>prick</i> holes in
paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fix by the point; to attach or hang by
puncturing; as, to <i>prick</i> a knife into a board.</def>  <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The cooks <i>prick</i> it [a slice] on a prong of
iron.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mark or denote by a puncture; to
designate by pricking; to choose; to mark; -- sometimes with
<i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some who are <i>pricked</i> for sheriffs.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the soldiers for duty be carefully <i>pricked</i>
off.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those many, then, shall die: their names are
<i>pricked</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mark the outline of by puncturing; to
trace or form by pricking; to mark by punctured dots; as, to
<i>prick</i> a pattern for embroidery; to <i>prick</i> the notes of a
musical composition.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To ride or guide with spurs; to spur; to
goad; to incite; to urge on; -- sometimes with <i>on</i>, or
<i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>pricketh</i> his blind horse over the
fallows.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The season <i>pricketh</i> every gentle
heart.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My duty <i>pricks</i> me on to utter that.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To affect with sharp pain; to sting, as
with remorse.</def> "I was <i>pricked</i> with some reproof."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now when they heard this, they were <i>pricked</i> in
their heart.</blockquote> <i>Acts ii. 37.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To make sharp; to erect into a point; to
raise, as something pointed; -- said especially of the ears of an
animal, as a horse or dog; and usually followed by <i>up</i>; --
hence, <i>to prick up the ears</i>, to listen sharply; to have the
attention and interest strongly engaged.</def> "The courser . . .
<i>pricks</i> up his ears."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To render acid or pungent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To dress; to prink; -- usually with
<i>up</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To run a
middle seam through, as the cloth of a sail.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>To trace on a chart, as a ship's course.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To drive
a nail into (a horse's foot), so as to cause lameness.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To nick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prick</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be punctured; to suffer or feel a sharp pain, as by puncture; as, a
sore finger <i>pricks</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spur onward; to ride on horseback.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A gentle knight was <i>pricking</i> on the
plain.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To become sharp or acid; to turn sour, as
wine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To aim at a point or mark.</def>
<i>Hawkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prick"-eared`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having erect, pointed ears; -- said of
certain dogs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>prick-eared</i> cur of Iceland.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, pricks; a pointed instrument; a sharp
point; a prickle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who spurs forward; a light
horseman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>prickers</i>, who rode foremost, . . .
halted.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A priming wire; a priming needle, -- used
in blasting and gunnery.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small marline spike having
generally a wooden handle, -- used in sailmaking.</def>  <i>R. H.
Dana, Ir.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prick"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps so called from
the state of his horns. See <u>Prick</u>, and cf. <u>Brocket</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A buck in his second year. See <u>Note</u>
under 3d <u>Buck</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prick"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of piercing or puncturing with a sharp point.</def>
"There is that speaketh like the <i>prickings</i> of a sword."
<i>Prov. xii. 18 [1583].</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
driving of a nail into a horse's foot so as to produce lameness.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Nicking</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sensation of being pricked.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The mark or trace left by a hare's foot; a
prick; also, the act of tracing a hare by its footmarks.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Dressing one's self for show;
prinking.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prick"ing-up</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The first coating of plaster in work of three coats upon laths.
Its surface is scratched once to form a better key for the next coat.
In the United States called <i>scratch coat</i>.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pric"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>pricele</i>,
<i>pricle</i>; akin to LG. <i>prickel</i>, D. <i>prikkel</i>. See
<u>Prick</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little
prick; a small, sharp point; a fine, sharp process or projection, as
from the skin of an animal, the bark of a plant, etc.; a spine.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of willow basket; -- a term still
used in some branches of trade.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sieve of filberts, -- about fifty
pounds.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pric"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prick slightly,
as with prickles, or fine, sharp points.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Felt a horror over me creep,<BR>
<i>Prickle</i> skin, and catch my breath.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pric"kle*back`</hw> (?), <hw>Pric"kle*fish`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
stickleback.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prick"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Prickly</u>.] <def>The quality of being prickly, or of having many
prickles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prick"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prickly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prick"louse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tailor; --
so called in contempt.</def> [Old slang]  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prick"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of sharp points
or prickles; armed or covered with prickles; as, a <i>prickly</i>
shrub.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prickly ash</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a prickly shrub
(<i>Xanthoxylum Americanum</i>) with yellowish flowers appearing with
the leaves. All parts of the plant are pungent and aromatic. The
southern species is <i>X. Carolinianum</i>.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> --
<col><b>Prickly heat</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a noncontagious
cutaneous eruption of red pimples, attended with intense itching and
tingling of the parts affected. It is due to inflammation of the sweat
glands, and is often brought on by overheating the skin in hot
weather.</cd> -- <col><b>Prickly pear</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
name given to several plants of the cactaceous genus <i>Opuntia</i>,
American plants consisting of fleshy, leafless, usually flattened, and
often prickly joints inserted upon each other. The sessile flowers
have many petals and numerous stamens. The edible fruit is a large
pear-shaped berry containing many flattish seeds. The common species
of the Northern Atlantic States is <i>Opuntia vulgaris</i>. In the
South and West are many others, and in tropical America more than a
hundred more. <i>O. vulgaris</i>, <i>O. Ficus-Indica</i>, and <i>O.
Tuna</i> are abundantly introduced in the Mediterranean region, and
<i>O. Dillenii</i> has become common in India.</cd> -- <col><b>Prickly
pole</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian palm (<i>Bactris
Plumierana</i>), the slender trunk of which bears many rings of long
black prickles.</cd> -- <col><b>Prickly withe</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a West Indian cactaceous plant (<i>Cereus triangularis</i>) having
prickly, slender, climbing, triangular stems.</cd> -- <col><b>Prickly
rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of
South American burrowing rodents belonging to <i>Ctenomys</i> and
allied genera. The hair is usually intermingled with sharp
spines.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prick"mad`am</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trique-
madame</i>.  Cf. <u>Tripmadam</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to
several species of stonecrop, used as ingredients of vermifuge
medicines. See <u>Stonecrop</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prick"punch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pointed
steel punch, to prick a mark on metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prick"shaft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
arrow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prick"song`</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Prick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 4.] <def>Music written, or
noted, with dots or points; -- so called from the points or dots with
which it is noted down.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He fights as you sing <i>pricksong</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prick"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
shrub (<i>Euonymus Europ&aelig;us</i>); -- so named from the use of
its wood for goads, skewers, and shoe pegs. Called also <i>spindle
tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prick"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stiff and sharp;
prickly.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>lamprede</i>,
LL. <i>lampreda</i>, E. <i>lamprey</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small European lamprey (<i>Petromyzon branchialis</i>); -- called also
<i>prid</i>, and <i>sandpiper</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pride</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>pr&ymacr;te</i>; akin
to Icel. <i>pr&ymacr;&eth;i</i> honor, ornament, <i>pr&?;&?;a</i> to
adorn, Dan. <i>pryde</i>, Sw. <i>pryda</i>; cf. W. <i>prydus</i>
comely. See <u>Proud</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
state of being proud; inordinate self-esteem; an unreasonable conceit
of one's own superiority in talents, beauty, wealth, rank, etc., which
manifests itself in lofty airs, distance, reserve, and often in
contempt of others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those that walk in <i>pride</i> he is able to
abase.</blockquote> <i>Dan. iv. 37.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pride</i> that dines on vanity sups on
contempt.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sense of one's own worth, and abhorrence
of what is beneath or unworthy of one; lofty self-respect; noble self-
esteem; elevation of character; dignified bearing; proud delight; --
in a good sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus to relieve the wretched was his
<i>pride</i>.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A people which takes no <i>pride</i> in the noble
achievements of remote ancestors will never achieve anything worthy to
be remembered with <i>pride</i> by remote descendants.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Proud or disdainful behavior or treatment;
insolence or arrogance of demeanor; haughty bearing and conduct;
insolent exultation; disdain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not the foot of <i>pride</i> come against
me.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxvi. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That hardly we escaped the <i>pride</i> of
France.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That of which one is proud; that which
excites boasting or self-gratulation; the occasion or ground of self-
esteem, or of arrogant and presumptuous confidence, as beauty,
ornament, noble character, children, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lofty trees yclad with summer's
<i>pride</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will cut off the <i>pride</i> of the
Philistines.</blockquote> <i>Zech. ix. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A bold peasantry, their country's
<i>pride</i>.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Show; ostentation; glory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pride</i>, pomp, and circumstance of glorious
war.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Highest pitch; elevation reached;
loftiness; prime; glory; as, to be in the <i>pride</i> of one's
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A falcon, towering in her <i>pride</i> of
place.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Consciousness of power; fullness of animal
spirits; mettle; wantonness; hence, lust; sexual desire; esp., an
excitement of sexual appetite in a female beast.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Pride of India</b></col>, or <col><b>Pride of
China</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Margosa</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pride of the desert</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
camel.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Self-exaltation; conceit; hauteur; haughtiness;
lordliness; loftiness.  -- <u>Pride</u>, <u>Vanity</u>. <i>Pride</i>
is a high or an excessive esteem of one's self for some real or
imagined superiority, as rank, wealth, talents, character, etc.
<i>Vanity</i> is the love of being admired, praised, exalted, etc., by
others. <i>Vanity</i> is an ostentation of <i>pride</i>; but one may
have great <i>pride</i> without displaying it. <i>Vanity</i>, which is
etymologically "emptiness," is applied especially to the exhibition of
pride in superficialities, as beauty, dress, wealth, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Pride</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Priding</u>.] <def>To indulge in pride, or self-esteem; to rate
highly; to plume; -- used reflexively.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pluming and <i>priding</i> himself in all his
services.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pride</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be proud; to
glory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pride"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of pride;
haughty.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pride"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Pride"ful-
ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pride"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without pride.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pridianus</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the day before, or yesterday.</def> [R.]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prid"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Proudly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
plant privet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prie</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pry.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pried</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Pry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prie`dieu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., literally, pray
God.] <def>A kneeling desk for prayers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prief</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Proof.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser. Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Pry</u>.]
<def>One who pries; one who inquires narrowly and searches, or is
inquisitive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So pragmatical a <i>prier</i> he is into divine
secrets.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>prest</i>,
<i>preost</i>, AS. <i>pre&oacute;st</i>, fr. L. <i>presbyter</i>, Gr.
&?; elder, older, n., an elder, compar. of &?; an old man, the first
syllable of which is probably akin to L. <i>pristinus</i>.  Cf.
<u>Pristine</u>, <u>Presbyter</u>.]</p>

<p><! p. 1137 !></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Christian Church)</i> <def>A presbyter
elder; a minister</def>; specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(R. C.
Ch. &amp; Gr. Ch.)</i> <def>One who is authorized to consecrate the host
and to say Mass; but especially, one of the lowest order possessing
this power.</def> <i>Murdock.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Ch. of Eng.
&  Prot. Epis. Ch.)</i> <def>A presbyter; one who belongs to the
intermediate order between bishop and deacon. He is authorized to
perform all ministerial services except those of ordination and
confirmation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who officiates at the altar, or
performs the rites of sacrifice; one who acts as a mediator between
men and the divinity or the gods in any form of religion; as, Buddhist
<i>priests</i>.</def> "The <i>priests</i> of Dagon."  <i>1 Sam. v.
5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then the <i>priest</i> of Jupiter . . . brought oxen
and garlands . . . and would have done sacrifice with the
people.</blockquote>
<i>Acts xiv. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>priest</i> taken from among men is ordained
for men in things pertaining to God, that he may offer both gifts and
sacrifices for sins.</blockquote> <i>Heb. v. 1.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the New Testament presbyters are not called
<i>priests</i>; but Christ is designated as a <i>priest</i>, and as a
high <i>priest</i>, and all Christians are designated
<i>priests</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Priest</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ordain as
priest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Priest"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fort.)</i>
<def>A form of redan, so named from its shape; -- called also
<i>swallowtail</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Priest"craft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Priestly
policy; the policy of a priesthood; esp., in an ill sense, fraud or
imposition in religious concerns; management by priests to gain wealth
and power by working upon the religious motives or credulity of
others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is better that men should be governed by
<i>priestcraft</i> than by violence.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priest"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Priests,
collectively; the priesthood; -- so called in contempt.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priest"ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
officiated in sacred rites among pagans.</def>  <i>Abp.
Potter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priest"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The office or character of a priest; the priestly function.</def>
<i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Priests, taken collectively; the order of
men set apart for sacred offices; the order of priests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Priest"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
priest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priest"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The influence,
doctrines, principles, etc., of priests or the priesthood.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Priest"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
priest.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priest"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Priestly.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priest"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being priestly.</def>  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priest"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
priest or the priesthood; sacerdotal; befitting or becoming a priest;
as, the <i>priestly</i> office; a <i>priestly</i> farewell.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priest"-rid`den</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Controlled
or oppressed by priests; as, a <i>priest-ridden</i> people.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prieve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prove.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Prig</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prigged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prigging</u> (?).] [A modification of <i>prick</i>.] <def>To haggle
about the price of a commodity; to bargain hard.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Prig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cheapen.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perhaps orig., to ride off with. See
<u>Prick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To filch or steal; as, to
<i>prig</i> a handkerchief.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Prig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pert,
conceited, pragmatical fellow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The queer <i>prig</i> of a doctor.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thief; a filcher.</def> [Cant]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prig"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Priggism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prig"gish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a prig;
conceited; pragmatical.</def> -- <wf>Prig"gish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  -- <wf>Prig"gish-ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Prig"gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being priggish; the manners of a
prig.</def>  <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Roguery; thievery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prigh"te</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Prick</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Brill</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The brill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Stow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stream.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Davies (Microcosmos).</i></p>

<p><hw>Prill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A nugget
of virgin metal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Ore selected for
excellence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The button of metal from an
assay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pril"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tin extracted
from the slag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Privet</u>.]
<i>(Bot)</i> <def>The privet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prim</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>prim</i>, <i>prin</i>,
prime, first, principal. sharp, thin, piercing, fr. L. <i>primus</i>
first. See <u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Formal; precise;
affectedly neat or nice; as, <i>prim</i> regularity; a <i>prim</i>
person.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prim</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Primmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Primming</u>.] <def>To deck with great nicety; to arrange with
affected preciseness; to prink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prim</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dress or act
smartly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pri"ma*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>primatia</i>,
fr. L. <i>primas</i>, <i>-atis</i>, one of the first or principal,
chief, fr. <i>primus</i> first: cf. F. <i>primatie</i>. See
<u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state
or condition of being prime or first, as in time, place, rank, etc.,
hence, excellency; supremacy.</def> [R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The office, rank, or character of a
primate; the chief ecclesiastical station or dignity in a national
church; the office or dignity of an archbishop; as, the <i>primacy</i>
of England.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pri"ma don"na</hw> (?); <i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Prima
donnas</b></plw> (#), It. <plw><b>Prime (#) Donne (#)</b></plw>. [It.,
fr. <i>primo</i>, <i>prima</i>, the first + <i>donna</i> lady,
mistress. See <u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Donna</u>.]
<def>The first or chief female singer in an opera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pri"ma fa"ci*e</hw> (?). [L., from abl. of <i>primus</i>
first + abl. of <i>facies</i> appearance.] <def>At first view; on the
first appearance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prima facie evidence</b></col><cd> (of a fact)
<i>(Law)</i>, evidence which is sufficient to establish the fact
unless rebutted.</cd>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri"mage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Com.)</i>
<def>A charge in addition to the freight; originally, a gratuity to
the captain for his particular care of the goods (sometimes called
<i>hat money</i>), but now belonging to the owners or freighters of
the vessel, unless by special agreement the whole or part is assigned
to the captain.</def>  <i>Homans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>primalis</i>,
fr. L. <i>primus</i> the first. See <u>Prime</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>First; primary; original; chief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It hath the <i>primal</i> eldest curse upon
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>primal</i> duties shine aloft like
stars.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri*mal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being primal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pri"ma*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a primary
manner; in the first place; in the first place; in the first
intention; originally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri"ma*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being primary, or first in time, in act, or in
intention.</def>  <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri"ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>primarius</i>,
fr. <i>primus</i> first: cf. F. <i>primaire</i>. See <u>Prime</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Premier</u>, <u>Primero</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>First in order of time or development or in
intention; primitive; fundamental; original.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The church of Christ, in its <i>primary</i>
institution.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These I call original, or <i>primary</i>, qualities of
body.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>First in order, as being preparatory to
something higher; as, <i>primary</i> assemblies; <i>primary</i>
schools.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>First in dignity or importance; chief;
principal; as, <i>primary</i> planets; a matter of <i>primary</i>
importance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Earliest formed;
fundamental.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Illustrating, possessing, or
characterized by, some quality or property in the first degree; having
undergone the first stage of substitution or replacement.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Primary alcohol</b></col> <i>(Organic Chem.)</i>, <cd>any
alcohol which possess the group CH<sub>2</sub>.OH, and can be oxidized
so as to form a corresponding aldehyde and acid having the same number
of carbon atoms; -- distinguished from <i>secondary &and; tertiary
alcohols</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Primary amine</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>an amine containing the amido group, or a derivative of ammonia in
which only one atom of hydrogen has been replaced by a basic radical;
-- distinguished from <i>secondary &and; tertiary amines</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Primary amputation</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>an amputation
for injury performed as soon as the shock due to the injury has passed
away, and before symptoms of inflammation supervene.</cd> --
<col><b>Primary axis</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the main stalk which
bears a whole cluster of flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Primary
colors</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Color</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Primary
meeting</b></col>, <cd>a meeting of citizens at which the first steps
are taken towards the nomination of candidates, etc. See
<u>Caucus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Primary pinna</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>one of those portions of a compound leaf or frond which branch off
directly from the main rhachis or stem, whether simple or
compounded.</cd> -- <col><b>Primary planets</b></col>.
<i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See the Note under <u>Planet</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Primary qualities of bodies</b></col>, <cd>such are essential
to and inseparable from them.</cd> -- <col><b>Primary quills</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the largest feathers of the wing of a bird;
primaries.</cd> -- <col><b>Primary rocks</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>,
<cd>a term early used for rocks supposed to have been first formed,
being crystalline and containing no organic remains, as granite,
gneiss, etc.; -- called also <i>primitive rocks</i>. The terms
<i>Secondary</i>, <i>Tertiary</i>, and <i>Quaternary rocks</i> have
also been used in like manner, but of these the last two only are now
in use.</cd> -- <col><b>Primary salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
salt derived from a polybasic acid in which only one acid hydrogen
atom has been replaced by a base or basic radical.</cd> --
<col><b>Primary syphilis</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the initial
stage of syphilis, including the period from the development of the
original lesion or chancre to the first manifestation of symptoms
indicative of general constitutional infection.</cd> --
<col><b>Primary union</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>union without
suppuration; union by the first intention.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pri"ma*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Primaries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
stands first in order, rank, or importance; a chief matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A primary meeting; a caucus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the large
feathers on the distal joint of a bird's wing. See <u>Plumage</u>, and
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bird</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A primary planet; the
brighter component of a double star. See under
<u>Planet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>primat</i>, F.
<i>primat</i>, L. <i>primas</i>, <i>-atis</i> one of the first, chief,
fr. <i>primus</i> the first. See <u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The chief ecclesiastic in a national church;
one who presides over other bishops in a province; an
archbishop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Primates.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pri*ma"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The highest order of mammals. It includes
man, together with the apes and monkeys.  Cf.
<u>Pitheci</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri"mate*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office,
dignity, or position of a primate; primacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri*ma"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>primatial</i>.] <def>Primatical.</def> [R.]  <i>D'Anville (Trans.
).</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a primate.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prime</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>primus</i>
first, a superl. corresponding to the compar. <i>prior</i> former. See
<u>Prior</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Foremost</u>, <u>Former</u>,
and cf. <u>Prim</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Primary</u>,
<u>Prince</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>First in order of time;
original; primeval; primitive; primary.</def> "<i>Prime</i> forests."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She was not the <i>prime</i> cause, but I
myself.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense the word is nearly superseded by
<i>primitive</i>, except in the phrase <i>prime cost</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>First in rank, degree, dignity, authority,
or importance; as, <i>prime</i> minister.</def> "<i>Prime</i>
virtues."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>First in excellence; of highest quality;
as, <i>prime</i> wheat; a <i>prime</i> quality of cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Early; blooming; being in the first
stage.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>His starry helm, unbuckled, showed him <i>prime</i><BR>
In manhood where youth ended.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Lecherous; lustful; lewd.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Marked or distinguished by a mark (&prime;)
called a <i>prime mark</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prime and ultimate ratio</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i>. <cd>See
<u>Ultimate</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prime conductor</b></col>.
<i>(Elec.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Conductor</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prime
factor</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>a factor which is a prime
number.</cd> -- <col><b>Prime figure</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a
figure which can not be divided into any other figure more simple than
itself, as a triangle, a pyramid, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Prime
meridian</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the meridian from which
longitude is reckoned, as the meridian of Greenwich or
Washington.</cd> -- <col><b>Prime minister</b></col>, <cd>the
responsible head of a ministry or executive government; applied
particularly to that of England.</cd> -- <col><b>Prime
mover</b></col>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A natural
agency applied by man to the production of power. Especially: Muscular
force; the weight and motion of fluids, as water and air; heat
obtained by chemical combination, and applied to produce changes in
the volume and pressure of steam, air, or other fluids; and
electricity, obtained by chemical action, and applied to produce
alternation of magnetic force.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An engine,
or machine, the object of which is to receive and modify force and
motion as supplied by some natural source, and apply them to drive
other machines; as a water wheel, a water-pressure engine, a steam
engine, a hot-air engine, etc.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> Fig.: <cd>The
original or the most effective force in any undertaking or work; as,
Clarkson was the <i>prime</i> mover in English antislavery
agitation.</cd> -- <col><b>Prime number</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>,
<cd>a number which is exactly divisible by no number except itself or
unity, as 5, 7, 11.</cd> -- <col><b>Prime vertical</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the vertical circle which passes through the
east and west points of the horizon.</cd> -- <col><b>Prime-vertical
dial</b></col>, <cd>a dial in which the shadow is projected on the
plane of the prime vertical.</cd> -- <col><b>Prime-vertical transit
instrument</b></col>, <cd>a transit instrument the telescope of which
revolves in the plane of the prime vertical, -- used for observing the
transit of stars over this circle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The first part; the earliest stage; the beginning or opening, as
of the day, the year, etc.; hence, the dawn; the spring.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the very <i>prime</i> of the world.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hope waits upon the flowery <i>prime</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The spring of life; youth; hence, full
health, strength, or beauty; perfection.</def> "Cut off in their
<i>prime</i>." <i>Eustace.</i> "The <i>prime</i> of youth."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is first in quantity; the most
excellent portion; the best part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give him always of the <i>prime</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [F. <i>prime</i>, LL. <i>prima</i> (sc.
<i>hora</i>). See <u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The
morning; specifically <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, the first canonical hour,
succeeding to lauds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Early and late it rung, at evening and at
<i>prime</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Originally, <i>prime</i> denoted the first quarter of the
artificial day, reckoned from 6 <u>a. m.</u> to 6 <u>p. m.</u>
Afterwards, it denoted the end of the first quarter, that is, 9 <u>a.
m.</u> Specifically, it denoted the first canonical hour, as now.
Chaucer uses it in all these senses, and also in the sense of def. 1,
above.</p>

<p><blockquote>They sleep till that it was <i>pryme</i>
large.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Fencing)</i> <def>The first of the chief
guards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any number expressing the
combining weight or equivalent of any particular element; -- so called
because these numbers were respectively reduced to their lowest
relative terms on the fixed standard of hydrogen as 1.</def> [Obs. or
Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>A prime number. See under
<u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>An inch, as composed of twelve seconds in
the duodecimal system; -- denoted by [&prime;]. See 2d <u>Inch</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prime of the moon</b></col>, <cd>the new moon at its first
appearance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prime</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Primed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Priming</u>.] [From <u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To apply priming to, as a musket or a cannon;
to apply a primer to, as a metallic cartridge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay the first color, coating, or
preparation upon (a surface), as in painting; as, to <i>prime</i> a
canvas, a wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To prepare; to make ready; to instruct
beforehand; to post; to coach; as, to <i>prime</i> a witness; the boys
are <i>primed</i> for mischief.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To trim or prune, as trees.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To mark with a prime
mark.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To prime a pump</b></col>, <cd>to charge a pump with water,
in order to put it in working condition.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prime</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be renewed, or as at first.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Night's bashful empress, though she often wane,<BR>
As oft repeats her darkness, <i>primes</i> again.</blockquote>
<i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To serve as priming for the charge of a
gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To work so that foaming occurs from too
violent ebullition, which causes water to become mixed with, and be
carried along with, the steam that is formed; -- said of a steam
boiler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prime"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>At first; primarily.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a prime manner; excellently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prime"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being first.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being prime, or
excellent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prim"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, primes</def>; specifically, <def>an instrument or device for
priming; esp., a cap, tube, or water containing percussion powder or
other compound for igniting a charge of gunpowder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prim"er</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>primer</i>,
<i>primier</i>, <i>premier</i>, F. <i>premier</i>. See
<u>Premier</u>.] <def>First; original; primary.</def> [Obs.] "The
<i>primer</i> English kings."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Primer fine</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a fine due
to the king on the writ or commencement of a suit by fine.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Primer seizin</b></col> <i>(Feudal
Law)</i>, <cd>the right of the king, when a tenant <i>in capite</i>
died seized of a knight's fee, to receive of the heir, if of full age,
one year's profits of the land if in possession, and half a year's
profits if the land was in reversion expectant on an estate for life;
-- now abolished.</cd>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prim"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Originally, the book
read at <i>prime</i>, the first canonical hour. LL. <i>primae
liber</i>. See <u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a small prayer book for church
service, containing the little office of the Virgin Mary; also, a work
of elementary religious instruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>primer</i>, or office of the Blessed
Virgin.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small elementary book for teaching
children to read; a reading or spelling book for a beginner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As he sat in the school at his
<i>prymer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A kind of type, of which
there are two species; one, called <i>long primer</i>, intermediate in
size between bourgeois and small pica [see <u>Long primer</u>]; the
other, called <i>great primer</i>, larger than pica.</def></p>

<p><point18><greatprimertype>Great primer
type.</greatprimertype></point18></p>

<p><hw>Pri*me"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>primera</i>,
fr. <i>primero</i> first, from L. <i>primarius</i>. See
<u>Premier</u>.] <def>A game at cards, now unknown.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prim"er*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Primrose</u>.</def> [Obs.] "She was a <i>primerole</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri*me"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>primaevus</i>;
<i>primus</i> first + <i>aevum</i> age. See <u>Prime</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <i>and</i> <u>Age</u>.] <def>Belonging to the
first ages; pristine; original; primitive; primary; as, the
<i>primeval</i> innocence of man.</def> "This is the forest
<i>primeval</i>."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From chaos, and <i>primeval</i> darkness, came
Light.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri*me"val*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a primeval
manner; in or from the earliest times; originally.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri*me"vous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Primeval.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 1138 !></p>

<p><hw>Pri`mi*ge"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>First born,
or first of all; original; primary. See <u>Primogenial</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pri`mi*ge"ni*ous</hw> (?), <hw>Pri*mig"e*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>primigenus</i>, <i>primigenius</i>. See
<u>Primogeniture</u>.] <def>First formed or generated; original;
primigenial.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>primus</i>
first: cf. F. <i>primine</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The outermost of the
two integuments of an ovule.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word has been used by some writers to denote the inner
integument, which is formed earlier than the outer.  Cf.
<u>Secundine</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Prim"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The powder or other combustible used to communicate fire to a
charge of gunpowder, as in a firearm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>The first coating of color,
size, or the like, laid on canvas, or on a building, or other
surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Eng.)</i> <def>The carrying over of
water, with the steam, from the boiler, as into the
cylinder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Priming of the tide</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Lag of the
tide</i>, under 2d <u>Lag</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Priming tube</b></col>,
<cd>a small pipe, filled with a combustible composition for firing
cannon.</cd> -- <col><b>Priming valve</b></col> <i>(Steam Eng.)</i>,
<cd>a spring safety valve applied to the cylinder of a steam engine
for discharging water carried into the cylinder by priming.</cd> --
<col><b>Priming wire</b></col>, <cd>a pointed wire used to penetrate
the vent of a piece, for piercing the cartridge before
priming.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pri*mip"a*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>primus</i> first + <i>parere</i> to bring forth.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A woman who bears a child for the first time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri*mip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Primipara</u>.] <def>Belonging to a first birth; bearing young for
the first time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri*mip"i*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>primipilaris</i>, fr. <i>primipilus</i> the centurion of the first
cohort of a Roman legion, fr. <i>primus pilus</i> the division made up
of the triarii in the Roman army.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
captain of the vanguard of a Roman army.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pri*mi"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Primiti&aelig;</b></plw> (#) (<plw><b>Primitias</b></plw> (#),
obs.). [L. <i>primitiae</i>, pl., fr. <i>primus</i> first.  Cf.
<u>Premices</u>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The first fruit; the first
year's whole profit of an ecclesiastical preferment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>primitias</i> of your parsonage.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri*mi"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being of the
first production; primitive; original.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prim"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>primitivus</i>, fr. <i>primus</i> the first: cf. F.
<i>primitif</i>. See <u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the beginning or origin,
or to early times; original; primordial; primeval; first; as,
<i>primitive</i> innocence; the <i>primitive</i> church.</def> "Our
<i>primitive</i> great sire."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a former time; old-
fashioned; characterized by simplicity; as, a <i>primitive</i> style
of dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Original; primary; radical; not derived;
as, <i>primitive</i> verb in grammar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Primitive axes of co&ouml;rdinate</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>,
<cd>that system of axes to which the points of a magnitude are first
referred, with reference to a second set or system, to which they are
afterward referred.</cd> -- <col><b>Primitive chord</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>that chord, the lowest note of which is of the same
literal denomination as the fundamental base of the harmony; --
opposed to <i>derivative</i>.</cd> <i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i> --
<col><b>Primitive circle</b></col> <i>(Spherical Projection)</i>,
<cd>the circle cut from the sphere to be projected, by the primitive
plane.</cd> -- <col><b>Primitive colors</b></col> <i>(Paint.)</i>,
<cd>primary colors. See under <u>Color</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Primitive
Fathers</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the acknowledged Christian
writers who flourished before the Council of Nice, <u>A. D.</u>
325.</cd> <i>Shipley.</i> -- <col><b>Primitive groove</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a depression or groove in the epiblast of the
primitive streak. It is not connected with the medullary groove, which
appears later and in front of it.</cd> -- <col><b>Primitive
plane</b></col> <i>(Spherical Projection)</i>, <cd>the plane upon
which the projections are made, generally coinciding with some
principal circle of the sphere, as the equator or a meridian.</cd> --
<col><b>Primitive rocks</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>primary rocks.
See under <u>Primary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Primitive sheath</b></col>.
<i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <u>Neurilemma</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Primitive
streak</b></col> or <col><b>trace</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>an
opaque and thickened band where the mesoblast first appears in the
vertebrate blastoderm.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- First; original; radical; pristine; ancient;
primeval; antiquated; old-fashioned.</p>

<p><hw>Prim"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An original or
primary word; a word not derived from another; -- opposed to
<i>derivative</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prim"i*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Originally; at first.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Primarily; not derivatively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>According to the original rule or ancient
practice; in the ancient style.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prim"i*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being primitive; conformity to primitive style or
practice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prim"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
first; primitiveness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prim"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a prim or precise
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prim"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being prim; affected formality or niceness; preciseness;
stiffness.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pri"mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>First; chief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri`mo*ge"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Primigenial</u>.] <def>First born, made, or generated; original;
primary; elemental; as, <i>primogenial</i> light.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri`mo*gen"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Primogeniture</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to primogeniture.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pri`mo*gen"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Primogeniture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>primogenitive</i> and due of birth.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri`mo*gen"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L.
<i>primus</i> first + <i>genitor</i> a begetter.] <def>The first
ancestor; a forefather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri`mo*gen"i*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr.
L. <i>primus</i> first + <i>genitura</i> a begetting, birth,
generation, fr. <i>genere</i>, <i>gignere</i>, to beget: cf. F.
<i>primog&eacute;niture</i>, L. <i>primogenitus</i> firstborn. See
<u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Genus</u>, <u>Kin</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being the firstborn of the same
parents; seniority by birth among children of the same
family.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The exclusive right of
inheritance which belongs to the eldest son. Thus in England the right
of inheriting the estate of the father belongs to the eldest son, and
in the royal family the eldest son of the sovereign is entitled to the
throne by <i>primogeniture</i>. In exceptional cases, among the female
children, the crown descends by right of <i>primogeniture</i> to the
eldest daughter only and her issue.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri`mo*gen"i*ture*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or privileges of the firstborn.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri*mor"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>primordialis</i>, from <i>primordium</i> the first beginning;
<i>primus</i> first + <i>ordiri</i> to begin a web, to begin: cf. F.
<i>primordial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>First in order; primary;
original; of earliest origin; as, <i>primordial</i> condition.</def>
"The <i>primordial</i> facts of our intelligent nature."  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
lowest beds of the Silurian age, corresponding to the Acadian and
Potsdam periods in American geology. It is called also
<i>Cambrian</i>, and by many geologists is separated from the
Silurian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Originally or earliest
formed in the growth of an individual or organ; as, a
<i>primordial</i> leaf; a <i>primordial</i> cell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Primordial utricle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
interior lining of a young vegetable cell.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pri*mor"di*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A first principle
or element.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri*mor"di*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Devotion
to, or persistence in, conditions of the primordial state.</def>
<i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri*mor"di*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At the
beginning; under the first order of things; originally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri*mor"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>primordius</i> first of all, fr. <i>primordium</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A name given to several kinds of plums; as, red
<i>primordian</i>, amber <i>primordian</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri*mor"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Primordial.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Primp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Prim</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To be formal or affected in dress or
manners; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prim"rose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>primerole</i>, F. <i>primerole</i>, a derivative fr. LL.
<i>primula</i>, from L. <i>primus</i> first. See <u>Prime</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An early
flowering plant of the genus <i>Primula</i> (<i>P. vulgaris</i>)
closely allied to the cowslip. There are several varieties, as the
white-, the red-, the yellow-flowered, etc. Formerly called also
<i>primerole</i>, <i>primerolles</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any plant of the genus <i>Primula</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Evening primrose</b></col>, <cd>an erect biennial herb
(<i>Enothera biennis</i>), with yellow vespertine flowers, common in
the United States. The name is sometimes extended to other species of
the same genus.</cd> -- <col><b>Primrose peerless</b></col>, <cd>the
two-flowered Narcissus (<i>N. biflorus</i>).</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prim"rose`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the primrose; of the color of a primrose; -- hence, flowery;
gay.</def> "The <i>primrose</i> path of dalliance."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Prim"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. See
<u>Primrose</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The genus of plants including the
primrose (<i>Primula vera</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Prim`u*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to an order of herbaceous plants
(<i>Primulace&aelig;</i>), of which the primrose is the type, and the
pimpernel, the cyclamen, and the water violet are other
examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pri"mum mob"i*le</hw> (?). [L., first cause of motion.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>In the Ptolemaic system, the outermost of the
revolving concentric spheres constituting the universe, the motion of
which was supposed to carry with it all the inclosed spheres with
their planets in a daily revolution from east to west. See
<i>Crystalline heavens</i>, under <u>Crystalline</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The motions of the greatest persons in a government
ought to be, as the motions of the planets, under <i>primum
mobile</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pri"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the first.]
<def>One of the bishops of the Episcopal Church of Scotland, who
presides at the meetings of the bishops, and has certain privileges
but no metropolitan authority.</def>  <i>Internat. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prim"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Prime</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Being in its prime.</def> [Obs.] "The youth
of <i>primy</i> nature."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prince</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>princeps</i>, <i>-cipis</i>, the first, chief; <i>primus</i> first
+ <i>capere</i> to take. See <u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
<u>Capacious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The one of highest rank;
one holding the highest place and authority; a sovereign; a monarch; -
- originally applied to either sex, but now rarely applied to a
female.</def>  <i>Wyclif (Rev. i. 5).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, Michael, of celestial armies
<i>prince</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Queen Elizabeth, a <i>prince</i> admirable above her
sex.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The son of a king or emperor, or the issue
of a royal family; as, <i>princes</i> of the blood.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A title belonging to persons of high rank,
differing in different countries. In England it belongs to dukes,
marquises, and earls, but is given to members of the royal family
only. In Italy a prince is inferior to a duke as a member of a
particular order of nobility; in Spain he is always one of the royal
family.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The chief of any body of men; one at the
head of a class or profession; one who is pre&euml;minent; as, a
merchant <i>prince</i>; a <i>prince</i> of players.</def> "The
<i>prince</i> of learning."  <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Prince-Albert coat</b></col>, <cd>a long double-breasted
frock coat for men.</cd> -- <col><b>Prince of the blood</b></col>,
<col><b>Prince consort</b></col>, <col><b>Prince of
darkness</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Blood</u>, <u>Consort</u>, and
<u>Darkness</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prince of Wales</b></col>, <cd>the
oldest son of the English sovereign.</cd> -- <col><b>Prince's
feather</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to two annual herbs
(<i>Amarantus caudatus</i> and <i>Polygonum orientale</i>), with
apetalous reddish flowers arranged in long recurved panicled
spikes.</cd> -- <col><b>Prince's metal</b></col>, <col><b>Prince
Rupert's metal</b></col>. See under <u>Metal</u>. <col><b>Prince's
pine</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Pipsissewa</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prince</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the
prince.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prince"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
jurisdiction, sovereignty, rank, or estate of a prince.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thrones, <i>princedoms</i>, powers, dominions, I
reduce.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prince"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Princeliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prince"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A petty prince;
a princeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>princekins</i> of private life.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prince"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
prince.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prince"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A petty
prince.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Prince"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Princely.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prince"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being princely; the state, manner, or dignity of a
prince.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prince"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A petty prince;
a young prince.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prince"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or relating to a prince; regal; royal; of highest rank or authority;
as, <i>princely</i> birth, character, fortune, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suitable for, or becoming to, a prince;
grand; august; munificent; magnificent; as, <i>princely</i> virtues; a
<i>princely</i> fortune.</def>  "Most <i>princely</i> gifts."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prince"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a princely
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My appetite was not <i>princely</i> got.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prin"cess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>princesse</i>.
See <u>Prince</u>, and cf. <u>Princesse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A female prince; a woman having sovereign power, or the rank of a
prince.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So excellent a <i>princess</i> as the present
queen.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The daughter of a sovereign; a female
member of a royal family.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The consort of a prince; as, the
<i>princess</i> of Wales.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Princess royal</b></col>, <cd>the eldest daughter of a
sovereign.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prin*cesse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., a princess.]
<def>A term applied to a lady's long, close-fitting dress made with
waist and skirt in one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prin"cess*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
princess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prince"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The wood of two small tropical American trees (<i>Hamelia
ventricosa</i>, and <i>Cordia gerascanthoides</i>). It is brownish,
veined with lighter color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prin"ci*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Prince</i> + L.
<i>-ficare</i> (in comp.).] <def>Imitative of a prince.</def> [R. &
Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prin"ci*pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>principalis</i>. See <u>Prince</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Highest in rank, authority, character, importance, or degree;
most considerable or important; chief; main; as, the <i>principal</i>
officers of a Government; the <i>principal</i> men of a state; the
<i>principal</i> productions of a country; the <i>principal</i>
arguments in a case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wisdom is the <i>principal</i> thing.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. iv. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a prince;
princely.</def> [A Latinism] [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Principal axis</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Axis of a curve</i>,
under <u>Axis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Principal axes of a
quadric</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>three lines in which the
principal planes of the solid intersect two and two, as in an
ellipsoid.</cd> -- <col><b>Principal challenge</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Challenge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Principal
plane</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Plane of projection</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under <u>Plane</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Principal of
a quadric</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>three planes each of which is
at right angles to the other two, and bisects all chords of the
quadric perpendicular to the plane, as in an ellipsoid.</cd> --
<col><b>Principal point</b></col> <i>(Persp.)</i>, <cd>the projection
of the point of sight upon the plane of projection.</cd> --
<col><b>Principal ray</b></col> <i>(Persp.)</i>, <cd>the line drawn
through the point of sight perpendicular to the perspective
plane.</cd> -- <col><b>Principal section</b></col>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i>, <cd>a plane passing through the optical axis of
a crystal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prin"ci*pal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A leader, chief, or head; one who takes the lead; one who acts
independently, or who has controlling authority or influence; as, the
<i>principal</i> of a faction, a school, a firm, etc.; --
distinguished from a <i>subordinate</i>, <i>abettor</i>,
<i>auxiliary</i>, or <i>assistant</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
chief actor in a crime, or an abettor who is present at it, -- as
distinguished from an <i>accessory</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A chief obligor, promisor, or debtor, -- as distinguished from a
<i>surety</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One who employs another
to act for him, -- as distinguished from an <i>agent</i>.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i> <i>Bouvier.</i> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thing of chief or prime importance;
something fundamental or especially conspicuous.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A capital sum of money, placed
out at interest, due as a debt or used as a fund; -- so called in
distinction from <i>interest</i> or <i>profit</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Arch. &amp; Engin.)</i> <def>The construction
which gives shape and strength to a roof, -- generally a truss of
timber or iron, but there are roofs with stone <i>principals</i>.
Also, loosely, the most important member of a piece of framing.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In English organs the chief
open metallic stop, an octave above the open diapason. On the manual
it is four feet long, on the pedal eight feet. In Germany this term
corresponds to the English open diapason.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A heirloom; a mortuary.</def> <i>Cowell.</i>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>The first two long feathers of a
hawk's wing.</def> <i>Spenser.</i>   <i>J. H. Walsh.</i>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>One of turrets or pinnacles of waxwork and
tapers with which the posts and center of a funeral hearse were
formerly crowned.</def> <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i>  <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>A
principal or essential point or rule; a principle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prin`ci*pal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Principalities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>principalitas</i>
pre&euml;minence, excellence: cf. F. <i>principalit&eacute;</i>,
<i>principaut&eacute;</i>. See <u>Principal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sovereignty; supreme power; hence, superiority; predominance;
high, or the highest, station.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>principalities</i> shall come down, even the
crown of your glory.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xiii. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The prerogative and <i>principality</i> above
everything else.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A prince; one invested with
sovereignty.</def> "Next upstood Nisroch, of <i>principalities</i> the
prime."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The territory or jurisdiction of a prince;
or the country which gives title to a prince; as, the
<i>principality</i> of Wales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prin"ci*pal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
principal manner; primarily; above all; chiefly; mainly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prin"ci*pal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being principal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prin"ci*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>principatus</i>: cf. F. <i>principat</i>.] <def>Principality;
supreme rule.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Prin*cip"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>principium</i>. See <u>Principle</u>.] <def>First principles;
fundamental beginnings; elements; as. Newton's
<i>Principia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prin*cip"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Elementary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prin*cip"i*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>principians</i>, p. pr. of <i>principiare</i> to begin, fr.
<i>principium</i>. See <u>Principle</u>.] <def>Relating to principles
or beginnings.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prin*cip"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Principiant</u>.] <def>To begin; to initiate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prin*cip`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Analysis
into primary or elemental parts.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prin"ci*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>principe</i>,
L. <i>principium</i> beginning, foundation, fr. <i>princeps</i>, <i>-
cipis</i>. See <u>Prince</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Beginning;
commencement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Doubting sad end of <i>principle</i>
unsound.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A source, or origin; that from which
anything proceeds; fundamental substance or energy; primordial
substance; ultimate element, or cause.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1139 !></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul of man is an active
<i>principle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An original faculty or endowment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature in your <i>principles</i> hath set
[benignity].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those active <i>principles</i> whose direct and
ultimate object is the communication either of enjoyment or
suffering.</blockquote> <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A fundamental truth; a comprehensive law or
doctrine, from which others are derived, or on which others are
founded; a general truth; an elementary proposition; a maxim; an
axiom; a postulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore, leaving the <i>principles</i> of the
doctrine of Christ, let us go on unto perfection.</blockquote> <i>Heb.
vi. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A good <i>principle</i>, not rightly understood, may
prove as hurtful as a bad.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A settled rule of action; a governing law
of conduct; an opinion or belief which exercises a directing influence
on the life and behavior; a rule (usually, a right rule) of conduct
consistently directing one's actions; as, a person of no
<i>principle</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All kinds of dishonesty destroy our pretenses to an
honest <i>principle</i> of mind.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any original inherent
constituent which characterizes a substance, or gives it its essential
properties, and which can usually be separated by analysis; -- applied
especially to drugs, plant extracts, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cathartine is the bitter, purgative <i>principle</i> of
senna.</blockquote> <i>Gregory.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bitter principle</b></col>, <col><b>Principle of
contradiction</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Bitter</u>,
<u>Contradiction</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prin"ci*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Principled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Principling</u> (?).] <def>To equip with principles;
to establish, or fix, in certain principles; to impress with any
tenet, or rule of conduct, good or ill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Governors should be well
<i>principled</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let an enthusiast be <i>principled</i> that he or his
teacher is inspired.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Prin"cock</hw> (?), <hw>Prin"cox</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Prim</i>  + <i>cock</i>.] <def>A coxcomb; a
pert boy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prinked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prinking</u>.] [Probably a nasalized form of <i>prick</i>. See
<u>Prick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Prig</u>,
<u>Prank</u>.] <def>To dress or adjust one's self for show; to
prank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prank or dress up;
to deck fantastically.</def> "And <i>prink</i> their hair with
daisies."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
prinks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prin"prid`dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The long-tailed titmouse.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Print</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Printed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Printing</u>.] [Abbrev. fr. <i>imprint</i>. See <u>Imprint</u>, and
<u>Press</u> to squeeze.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fix or impress,
as a stamp, mark, character, idea, etc., into or upon
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A look will <i>print</i> a thought that never may
remove.</blockquote> <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon his breastplate he beholds a dint,<BR>
Which in that field young Edward's sword did
<i>print</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir John Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps some footsteps <i>printed</i> in the
clay.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stamp something in or upon; to make an
impression or mark upon by pressure, or as by pressure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forth on his fiery steed betimes he rode,<BR>
That scarcely <i>prints</i> the turf on which he trod.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Specifically: <def>To strike off an impression
or impressions of, from type, or from stereotype, electrotype, or
engraved plates, or the like; in a wider sense, to do the typesetting,
presswork, etc., of (a book or other publication); as, to <i>print</i>
books, newspapers, pictures; to <i>print</i> an edition of a
book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stamp or impress with colored figures or
patterns; as, to <i>print</i> calico.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>To take (a copy, a
positive picture, etc.), from a negative, a transparent drawing, or
the like, by the action of light upon a sensitized surface.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Printed goods</b></col>, <cd>textile fabrics printed in
patterns, especially cotton cloths, or calicoes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Print</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
use or practice the art of typography; to take impressions of letters,
figures, or electrotypes, engraved plates, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To publish a book or an article.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the moment he <i>prints</i>, he must except to
hear no more truth.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Print</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Print</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Imprint</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark made by impression; a line, character,
figure, or indentation, made by the pressure of one thing on another;
as, the <i>print</i> of teeth or nails in flesh; the <i>print</i> of
the foot in sand or snow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where <i>print</i> of human feet was never
seen.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stamp or die for molding or impressing an
ornamental design upon an object; as, a butter <i>print</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which receives an impression, as from
a stamp or mold; as, a <i>print</i> of butter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Printed letters; the impression taken from
type, as to excellence, form, size, etc.; as, small <i>print</i>;
large <i>print</i>; this line is in <i>print</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is produced by printing.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An impression taken from
anything, as from an engraved plate.</def> "The <i>prints</i> which we
see of antiquities." <i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A printed
publication, more especially a newspaper or other periodical.</def>
<i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A printed cloth; a fabric
figured by stamping, especially calico or cotton cloth.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A photographic copy, or positive picture, on
prepared paper, as from a negative, or from a drawing on transparent
paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A core print. See under
<u>Core</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blue print</b></col>, <cd>a copy in white lines on a blue
ground, of a drawing, plan, tracing, etc., or a positive picture in
blue and white, from a negative, produced by photographic printing on
peculiarly prepared paper.</cd> -- <col><b>In print</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In a printed form; issued from the press;
published</cd>. <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To the letter;
with accurateness.</cd> "All this I speak <i>in print</i>."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Out of print</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Out</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Print works</b></col>, <cd>a factory where
cloth, as calico, is printed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Print"a-ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy to be
published.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Print"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who prints;
especially, one who prints books, newspapers, engravings, etc., a
compositor; a typesetter; a pressman.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Printer's devil</b></col>, <col><b>Printer's
gauge</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Devil</u>, and <u>Gauge</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Printer's ink</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Printing ink</i>,
below.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Print"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where
cloth is printed; print works; also, a printing office.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Print"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act, art, or
practice of impressing letters, characters, or figures on paper,
cloth, or other material; the business of a printer, including
typesetting and presswork, with their adjuncts; typography; also, the
act of producing photographic prints.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Block printing</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Block</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Printing frame</b></col> <i>(Photog.)</i>, <cd>a shallow
box, usually having a glass front, in which prints are made by
exposure to light.</cd> -- <col><b>Printing house</b></col>, <cd>a
printing office.</cd> -- <col><b>Printing ink</b></col>, <cd>ink used
in printing books, newspapers, etc. It is composed of lampblack or
ivory black mingled with linseed or nut oil, made thick by boiling and
burning. Other ingredients are employed for the finer qualities.</cd>
<i>Ure.</i> -- <col><b>Printing office</b></col>, <cd>a place where
books, pamphlets, or newspapers, etc., are printed.</cd> --
<col><b>Printing paper</b></col>, <cd>paper used in the printing of
books, pamphlets, newspapers, and the like, as distinguished from
writing paper, wrapping paper, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Printing
press</b></col>, <cd>a press for printing, books, newspaper,
handbills, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Printing wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel
with letters or figures on its periphery, used in machines for paging
or numbering, or in ticket-printing machines, typewriters, etc.; a
type wheel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Print"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making no
imprint.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Print"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making no
imprint.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Print"shop`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shop where prints
are sold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>prior</i> former,
previous, better, superior; compar. corresponding to <i>primus</i>
first, and <i>pro</i> for. See <u>Former</u>, and cf. <u>Prime</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Pre-</u>, <u>Pro-</u>.] <def>Preceding in
the order of time; former; antecedent; anterior; previous; as, a
<i>prior</i> discovery; <i>prior</i> obligation; -- used elliptically
in cases like the following: he lived alone [in the time] <i>prior</i>
to his marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri"or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>priour</i>, OF.
<i>priour</i>, <i>prior</i>, <i>priur</i>, F. <i>prieur</i>, from L.
<i>prior</i> former, superior. See <u>Prior</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The superior of a priory, and next below an abbot
in dignity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Conventical</b></col>, or <col><b>Conventual</b></col>,
<col><b>prior</b></col>, <cd>a prior who is at the head of his own
house. See the Note under <u>Priory</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Claustral
prior</b></col>, <cd>an official next in rank to the abbot in a
monastery; prior of the cloisters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pri"or*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>prioratus</i>: cf. F. <i>priorat</i>.] <def>The dignity, office, or
government, of a prior.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri"or*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>prioresse</i>.]
<def>A lady superior of a priory of nuns, and next in dignity to an
abbess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri*or"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>priorit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Prior</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being prior or
antecedent in time, or of preceding something else; as,
<i>priority</i> of application.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Precedence; superior rank.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Priority of debts</b></col>, <cd>a superior claim to
payment, or a claim to payment before others.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Antecedence; precedence; pre&euml;minence.</p>

<p><hw>Pri"or*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Previously.</def> [R.]  <i>Geddes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri"or*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or office
of prior; priorate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Priories</b></plw> (#). [Cf. LL. <i>prioria</i>. See
<u>Prior</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A religious house presided
over by a prior or prioress; -- sometimes an offshoot of, an
subordinate to, an abbey, and called also <i>cell</i>, and
<i>obedience</i>. See <u>Cell</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Of such houses there were two sorts: one where the prior was
chosen by the inmates, and governed as independently as an abbot in an
abbey; the other where the priory was subordinate to an abbey, and the
prior was placed or displaced at the will of the abbot.</p>

<p><col><b>Alien priory</b></col>, <cd>a small religious house
dependent on a large monastery in some other country.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Cloister</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Price</u>, and
1st <u>Prize</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pris"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>prisage</i>
a praising, valuing, taxing; cf. LL. <i>prisagium</i> prisage; or from
F. <i>prise</i> a taking, capture, prize. See <u>Prize</u>.] <i>(O.
Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A right belonging to the crown
of England, of taking two tuns of wine from every ship importing
twenty tuns or more, -- one before and one behind the mast. By charter
of Edward I. butlerage was substituted for this.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The share of merchandise
taken as lawful prize at sea which belongs to the king or
admiral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pris*cil"lian*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of <i>Priscillian</i>, bishop of Avila in
Spain, in the fourth century, who mixed various elements of Gnosticism
and Manicheism with Christianity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An enterprise.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prise</hw>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Prize</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5. Also <u>Prize</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Pris"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Prizer</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prism</hw> (pr&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prisma</i>, Gr. <grk>pri`sma</grk>, fr. <grk>pri`zein</grk>,
<grk>pri`ein</grk>, to saw: cf. F. <i>prisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid whose bases or ends are any similar,
equal, and parallel plane figures, and whose sides are
parallelograms.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Prisms</i> of different forms are often named from the
figure of their bases; as, a triangular <i>prism</i>, a quadrangular
<i>prism</i>, a rhombic <i>prism</i>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A transparent body, with
usually three rectangular plane faces or sides, and two equal and
parallel triangular ends or bases; -- used in experiments on
refraction, dispersion, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A form the planes of
which are parallel to the vertical axis. See <u>Form</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 13.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Achromatic prism</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>a prism
composed usually of two prisms of different transparent substances
which have unequal dispersive powers, as two different kinds of glass,
especially flint glass and crown glass, the difference of dispersive
power being compensated by giving them different refracting angles, so
that, when placed together so as to have opposite relative positions,
a ray of light passed through them is refracted or bent into a new
position, but is free from color.</cd> -- <col><b>Nicol's
prism</b></col>, <col><b>Nicol prism</b></col>. [So called from Wm.
<i>Nicol</i>, of Edinburgh, who first proposed it.] <i>(Opt.)</i>
<cd>An instrument for experiments in polarization, consisting of a
rhomb of Iceland spar, which has been bisected obliquely at a certain
angle, and the two parts again joined with transparent cement, so that
the ordinary image produced by double refraction is thrown out of the
field by total reflection from the internal cemented surface, and the
extraordinary, or polarized, image alone is transmitted.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pris*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pris*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>prismatique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling, or pertaining to, a prism; as, a <i>prismatic</i>
form or cleavage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Separated or distributed by a prism; formed
by a prism; as, <i>prismatic</i> colors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Orthorhombic</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prismatic borax</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>borax
crystallized in the form of oblique prisms, with ten molecules of
water; -- distinguished from <i>octahedral borax</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Prismatic colors</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the seven colors
into which light is resolved when passed through a prism; primary
colors. See <i>Primary colors</i>, under <u>Color</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Prismatic compass</b></col> <i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>a compass
having a prism for viewing a distant object and the compass card at
the same time.</cd> -- <col><b>Prismatic spectrum</b></col>
<i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the spectrum produced by the passage of light
through a prism.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pris*mat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the form
or manner of a prism; by means of a prism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pris`ma*toid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
prism + <i>-oid</i>: F. <i>prismato&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Having a
prismlike form.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pris"moid</hw> (pr&ibreve;z"moid), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>prismto&iuml;de</i>.] <def>A body that approaches to the form of a
prism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pris*moid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
form of a prismoid; as, <i>prismoidal</i> solids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pris"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
prism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pris"on</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>prehensio</i>, <i>prensio</i>, a seizing, arresting, fr.
<i>prehendre</i>, <i>prendere</i>, to lay hold of, to seize. See
<u>Prehensile</u>, and cf. <u>Prize</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Misprision</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where persons are
confined, or restrained of personal liberty; hence, a place or state
o&?; confinement, restraint, or safe custody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bring my soul out of <i>prison</i>, that I may praise
thy name.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxlii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tyrant &AElig;olus, . . . <BR>
With power imperial, curbs the struggling winds,<BR>
And sounding tempests in dark <i>prisons</i> binds.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a building for the safe
custody or confinement of criminals and others committed by lawful
authority.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prison bars</b></col>, or <col><b>Prison base</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Base</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 24.</cd> -- <col><b>Prison
breach</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See Note under 3d <u>Escape</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Prison house</b></col>, <cd>a
prison.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Prison ship</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a ship fitted up for the confinement of
prisoners.</cd> -- <col><b>Prison van</b></col>, <cd>a carriage in
which prisoners are conveyed to and from prison.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pris"on</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prisoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prisoning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To imprison; to shut up in,
or as in, a prison; to confine; to restrain from liberty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>prisoned</i> eagle dies for rage.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His true respect will <i>prison</i> false
desire.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bind (together); to enchain.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sir William Crispyn with the duke was led<BR>
Together <i>prisoned</i>.</blockquote> <i>Robert of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pris"on*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>prisonnier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is confined in a
prison.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person under arrest, or in custody,
whether in prison or not; a person held in involuntary restraint; a
captive; as, a <i>prisoner</i> at the bar of a court.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Prisoner</i> of Hope thou art, -- look up and
sing.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Prisoner's base</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Base</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 24.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pris"on*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Imprisonment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pris"tin*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pristine;
primitive.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Pristinate</i> idolatry."
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pris"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pristinus</i>,
akin to <i>prior</i>: cf. F. <i>pristin</i>. See <u>Prior</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Belonging to the earliest period or state;
original; primitive; primeval; as, the <i>pristine</i> state of
innocence; the <i>pristine</i> manners of a people; <i>pristine</i>
vigor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pritch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Prick</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sharp-pointed instrument; also, an
eelspear.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pique; offense.</def> [Obs.]  <i>D.
Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pritch"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tool employed
by blacksmiths for punching or enlarging the nail holes in a
horseshoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prith"ee</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>A corruption
of <i>pray thee</i>; as, I <i>prithee</i>; generally used without
<i>I</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What was that scream for, I
<i>prithee</i>?</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Prithee</i>, tell me, Dimple-chin.</blockquote>
<i>E. C. Stedman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prit"tle-prat`tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Prattle</u>.] <def>Empty talk; trifling loquacity; prattle; -- used
in contempt or ridicule.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri"va*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Privacies</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Private</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being in retirement from the
company or observation of others; seclusion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of seclusion from company or
observation; retreat; solitude; retirement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her sacred <i>privacies</i> all open lie.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Concealment of what is said or done.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A private matter; a secret.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Privity</u>, 2.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri*va"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr. L.
<i>privatus</i>. See <u>Private</u>.] <def>A private friend; a
confidential friend; a confidant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri"vate</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>privatus</i>
apart from the state, peculiar to an individual, private, properly p.
p. of <i>privare</i> to bereave, deprive, originally, to separate, fr.
<i>privus</i> single, private, perhaps originally, put forward (hence,
alone, single) and akin to <i>prae</i> before. See <u>Prior</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Deprive</u>, <u>Privy</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to, or
concerning, an individual person, company, or interest; peculiar to
one's self; unconnected with others; personal; one's own; not public;
not general; separate; as, a man's <i>private</i> opinion;
<i>private</i> property; a <i>private</i> purse; <i>private</i>
expenses or interests; a <i>private</i> secretary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sequestered from company or observation;
appropriated to an individual; secret; secluded; lonely; solitary; as,
a <i>private</i> room or apartment; <i>private</i> prayer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reason . . . then retires<BR>
Into her <i>private</i> cell when nature rests.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1140 pr=SKB !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not invested with, or engaged in, public
office or employment; as, a <i>private</i> citizen; <i>private</i>
life.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>private</i> person may arrest a
felon.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not publicly known; not open; secret; as, a
<i>private</i> negotiation; a <i>private</i> understanding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having secret or private knowledge;
privy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Private act</b></col> or <col><b>statute</b></col>, <cd>a
statute exclusively for the settlement of private and personal
interests, of which courts do not take judicial notice; -- opposed to
a <i>general law</i>, which operates on the whole community.</cd> --
<col><b>Private nuisance</b></col> or <col><b>wrong</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Nuisance</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Private soldier</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Private</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd> -- <col><b>Private
way</b></col>, <cd>a right of private passage over another man's
ground.</cd>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri"vate</hw> (pr&imacr;"v&asl;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A secret message; a personal unofficial
communication.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Personal interest; particular
business.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor must I be unmindful of my
<i>private</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Privacy; retirement.</def> [Archaic] "Go
off; I discard you; let me enjoy my <i>private</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One not invested with a public
office.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>What have kings, that <i>privates</i> have not
too?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A common soldier; a soldier
below the grade of a noncommissioned officer.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The private parts; the
genitals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In private</b></col>, <cd>secretly; not openly or
publicly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pri`va*teer"</hw> (pr&imacr;`v&adot;*t&emacr;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Private</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
armed private vessel which bears the commission of the sovereign power
to cruise against the enemy. See <i>Letters of marque</i>, under
<u>Marque</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The commander of a privateer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kidd soon threw off the character of a <i>privateer</i>
and became a pirate.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pri`va*teer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Privateered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Privateering</u>.] <def>To cruise in a privateer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri`va*teer"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cruising in a
privateer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri`va*teers"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Privateersmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>An officer or seaman of a
privateer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri"vate*ly</hw> (pr&imacr;"v&asl;t*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a private manner; not openly; without
the presence of others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a manner affecting an individual;
personally; not officially; as, he is not <i>privately</i>
benefited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri"vate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Seclusion from company or society;
retirement; privacy; secrecy.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of one not invested with public
office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri*va"tion</hw> (pr&isl;*v&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>privatio</i>: cf. F. <i>privation</i>. See
<u>Private</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of depriving, or
taking away; hence, the depriving of rank or office; degradation in
rank; deprivation.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being deprived or destitute of
something, especially of something required or desired; destitution;
need; as, to undergo severe <i>privations</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being absent; absence;
negation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evil will be known by consequence, as being only a
<i>privation</i>, or absence, of good.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Privation</i> mere of light and absent
day.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priv"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>privativus</i>: cf. F. <i>privatif</i>. See <u>Private</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Causing privation; depriving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting in the absence of something; not
positive; negative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Privative</i> blessings, blessings of immunity,
safeguard, liberty, and integrity.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Implying privation or
negation; giving a negative force to a word; as, alpha
<i>privative</i>; <i>privative</i> particles; -- applied to such
prefixes and suffixes as <i>a-</i> (Gr. &?;), <i>un-</i>, <i>non-</i>,
<i>-less</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Priv"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That of which the essence is the absence of
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blackness and darkness are indeed but
<i>privatives</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A term indicating the
absence of any quality which might be naturally or rationally
expected; -- called also <i>privative term</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A privative prefix or
suffix. See <u>Privative</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Priv"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a privative
manner; by the absence of something; negatively.</def> [R.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priv"a*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being privative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Priv"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot.
<i>privie</i>, Prov. E. <i>prim-print</i>, <i>primwort</i>. Prob. for
<i>primet</i>, and perh. named from being cut and trimmed. See,
<u>Prim</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Prime</u> to prune,
<u>Prim</u>, n., <u>Prie</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An ornamental European shrub (<i>Ligustrum vulgare</i>), much
used in hedges; -- called also <i>prim</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Egyptian privet</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Lawsonia</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Evergreen privet</b></col>, <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Rhamnus</i>. See <u>Alatern</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mock
privet</b></col>, <cd>any one of several evergreen shrubs of the genus
<i>Phillyrea</i>. They are from the Mediterranean region, and have
been much cultivated for hedges and for fancifully clipped
shrubberies.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Priv"i*lege</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>privil&egrave;ge</i>, L. <i>privilegium</i> an ordinance or law
against or in favor of an individual; <i>privus</i> private +
<i>lex</i>, <i>legis</i>, law. See <u>Private</u>, and
<u>Legal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A peculiar benefit, advantage, or favor; a
right or immunity not enjoyed by others or by all; special enjoyment
of a good, or exemption from an evil or burden; a prerogative;
advantage; franchise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He pleads the legal <i>privilege</i> of a
Roman.</blockquote> <i>Kettlewell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>privilege</i> birthright was a double
portion.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A people inheriting <i>privileges</i>, franchises, and
liberties.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Stockbroker's Cant)</i> <def>See
<u>Call</u>, <u>Put</u>, <u>Spread</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Breach of privilege</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Breach</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Question of privilege</b></col>
<i>(Parliamentary practice)</i>, <cd>a question which concerns the
security of a member of a legislative body in his special privileges
as such.</cd> -- <col><b>Water privilege</b></col>, <cd>the advantage
of having machinery driven by a stream, or a place affording such
advantage.</cd> [ U. S.] -- <col><b>Writ of privilege</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a writ to deliver a privileged person from custody
when arrested in a civil suit.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prerogative; immunity; franchise; right; claim;
liberty.  -- <u>Privilege</u>, <u>Prerogative</u>. <i>Privilege</i>,
among the Romans, was something conferred upon an individual by a
private law; and hence, it denotes some peculiar benefit or advantage,
some right or immunity, not enjoyed by the world at large.
<i>Prerogative</i>, among the Romans, was the right of voting first;
and, hence, it denotes a right of precedence, or of doing certain
acts, or enjoying certain privileges, to the exclusion of others. It
is the <i>privilege</i> of a member of Congress not to be called in
question elsewhere for words uttered in debate. It is the
<i>prerogative</i> of the president to nominate judges and executive
officers. It is the <i>privilege</i> of a Christian child to be
instructed in the true religion. It is the <i>prerogative</i> of a
parent to govern and direct his children.</p>

<p><hw>Priv"i*lege</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Privileged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Privileging</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>privil&eacute;gier</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grant some particular right or exemption
to; to invest with a peculiar right or immunity; to authorize; as, to
<i>privilege</i> representatives from arrest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>privilege</i> dishonor in thy name.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring or put into a condition of
privilege or exemption from evil or danger; to exempt; to
deliver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He took this place for sanctuary, And it shall
<i>privilege</i> him from your hands.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priv"i*leged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Invested with
a privilege; enjoying a peculiar right, advantage, or
immunity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Privileged communication</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A communication which can not be disclosed
without the consent of the party making it, -- such as those made by a
client to his legal adviser, or by persons to their religious or
medical advisers</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A communication which
does not expose the party making it to indictment for libel, -- such
as those made by persons communicating confidentially with a
government, persons consulted confidentially as to the character of
servants, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Privileged debts</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>those to which a preference in payment is given out
of the estate of a deceased person, or out of the estate of an
insolvent.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Privileged
witnesses</b></col> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>witnesses who are not obliged to
testify as to certain things, as lawyers in relation to their dealings
with their clients, and officers of state as to state secrets; also,
by statute, clergymen and physicans are placed in the same category,
so far as concerns information received by them
professionally.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Priv"i*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a privy manner;
privately; secretly.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>2 Pet. ii. 1.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Privities</b></plw> (-t&ibreve;z). [From <u>Privy</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>: cf. F. <i>privaut&eacute;</i> extreme
familiarity.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Privacy; secrecy; confidence.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will unto you, in <i>privity</i>, discover . . . my
purpose.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Private knowledge; joint knowledge with
another of a private concern; cognizance implying consent or
concurrence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the doors were laid open for his departure, not
without the <i>privity</i> of the Prince of Orange.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A private matter or business; a
secret.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The genitals; the
privates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A connection, or bond of
union, between parties, as to some particular transaction; mutual or
successive relationship to the same rights of property.</def></p>

<p><hw>Priv"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>priv&eacute;</i>,
fr. L. <i>privatus</i>. See <u>Private</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to some person
exclusively; assigned to private uses; not public; private; as, the
<i>privy</i> purse.</def> " <i>Privee</i> knights and squires."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Secret; clandestine.</def> " A
<i>privee</i> thief."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appropriated to retirement; private; not
open to the public.</def> " <i>Privy</i> chambers."  <i>Ezek. xxi.
14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Admitted to knowledge of a secret
transaction; secretly cognizant; privately knowing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His wife also being <i>privy</i> to it.</blockquote>
<i>Acts v. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Myself am one made <i>privy</i> to the
plot.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Privy chamber</b></col>, <cd>a private apartment in a royal
residence.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Privy council</b></col> <i>(Eng.
Law)</i>, <cd>the principal council of the sovereign, composed of the
cabinet ministers and other persons chosen by the king or queen.</cd>
<i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Privy councilor</b></col>, <cd>a member of
the privy council.</cd> -- <col><b>Privy purse</b></col>, <cd>moneys
set apart for the personal use of the monarch; also, the title of the
person having charge of these moneys.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Macaulay.</i> --
<col><b>Privy seal</b></col> or <col><b>signet</b></col>, <cd>the seal
which the king uses in grants, etc., which are to pass the great seal,
or which he uses in matters of subordinate consequence which do not
require the great seal; also, elliptically, the principal secretary of
state, or person intrusted with the privy seal.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Privy verdict</b></col>, <cd>a verdict given privily to the
judge out of court; -- now disused.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priv"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Privies</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A partaker; a person having an
interest in any action or thing; one who has an interest in an estate
created by another; a person having an interest derived from a
contract or conveyance to which he is not himself a party. The term,
in its proper sense, is distinguished from <i>party</i>.</def>
<i>Burrill. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A necessary house or place; a
backhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Priz"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Valuable.</def>
<i>H. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prize</hw> (pr&imacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>prise</i>
a seizing, hold, grasp, fr. <i>pris</i>, p. p. of <i>prendre</i> to
take, L. <i>prendere</i>, <i>prehendere</i>; in some senses, as 2
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, either from, or influenced by, F. <i>prix</i>
price. See <u>Prison</u>, <u>Prehensile</u>, and cf. <u>Pry</u>, and
also <u>Price</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is taken from another; something
captured; a thing seized by force, stratagem, or superior
power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will depart my <i>pris</i>, or my prey, by
deliberation.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His own <i>prize</i>,<BR>
Whom formerly he had in battle won.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence, specifically; <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Anything captured by a belligerent using the rights
of war; esp., property captured at sea in virtue of the rights of war,
as a vessel.</def> <i>Kent.</i> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An honor or reward striven for in a competitive contest; anything
offered to be competed for, or as an inducement to, or reward of,
effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll never wrestle for <i>prize</i> more.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I fought and conquered, yet have lost the
<i>prize</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>That which may be won by chance, as in a
lottery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything worth striving for; a valuable
possession held or in prospect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I press toward the mark for the <i>prize</i> of the
high calling of God in Christ Jesus.</blockquote> <i>Phil. iii.
14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A contest for a reward; competition.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A lever; a pry; also, the hold of a
lever.</def> [Written also <i>prise</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Prize court</b></col>, <cd>a court having jurisdiction of
all captures made in war on the high seas.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> --
<col><b>Prize fight</b></col>, <cd>an exhibition contest, esp. one of
pugilists, for a stake or wager.</cd> -- <col><b>Prize
fighter</b></col>, <cd>one who fights publicly for a reward; --
applied esp. to a professional boxer or pugilist.</cd> <i>Pope.</i> --
<col><b>Prize fighting</b></col>, <cd>fighting, especially boxing, in
public for a reward or wager.</cd> -- <col><b>Prize master</b></col>,
<cd>an officer put in charge or command of a captured vessel.</cd> --
<col><b>Prize medal</b></col>, <cd>a medal given as a prize.</cd> --
<col><b>Prize money</b></col>, <cd>a dividend from the proceeds of a
captured vessel, etc., paid to the captors.</cd> -- <col><b>Prize
ring</b></col>, <cd>the ring or inclosure for a prize fight; the
system and practice of prize fighting.</cd> -- <col><b>To make prize
of</b></col>, <cd>to capture.</cd> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To move with a
lever; to force up or open; to pry.</def> [Written also
<i>prise</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Prize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prizing</u>.] [F. <i>priser</i>, OF. <i>prisier</i>,
<i>preisier</i>, fr. L. <i>pretiare</i>, fr. <i>pretium</i> worth,
value, price. See <u>Price</u>, and cf. <u>Praise</u>.] [Formerly
written also <i>prise</i>. ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set or estimate the value of; to
appraise; to price; to rate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A goodly price that I was <i>prized</i>
at.</blockquote> <i>Zech. xi. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>prize</i> it [life] not a straw, but for mine
honor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To value highly; to estimate to be of great
worth; to esteem.</def> "[I] do love, <i>prize</i>, honor you. "
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>prized</i> your person, but your crown
disdain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prize</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>prix</i> price. See 3d
<u>Prize</u>. ] <def>Estimation; valuation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prize"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prizemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The winner of a
prize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Priz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Prize</u>.]
<def>One who estimates or sets the value of a thing; an
appraiser.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priz"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Prize</u>.]
<def>One who contends for a prize; a prize fighter; a
challenger.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Appeareth no man yet to answer the
<i>prizer</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Priz"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Prize</u>.]
<def>The application of a lever to move any weighty body, as a cask,
anchor, cannon, car, etc. See <u>Prize</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro-</hw> (?). [L. <i>pro</i>, or Gr. &?;. See <u>Pro</u>.]
<def>A prefix signifying <i>before</i>, <i>in front</i>, <i>forth</i>,
<i>for</i>, <i>in behalf of</i>, <i>in place of</i>, <i>according
to</i>; as, <i>pro</i>pose, to place before; <i>pro</i>ceed, to go
before or forward; <i>pro</i>ject, to throw forward; <i>pro</i>logue,
part spoken before (the main piece); <i>pro</i>pel,
<i>pro</i>gnathous; <i>pro</i>vide, to look out for; <i>pro</i>noun, a
word instead of a noun; <i>pro</i>consul, a person acting in place of
a consul; <i>pro</i>portion, arrangement according to parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [L.; akin to <i>prae</i>
before, Gr. &?;, and E. <i>for</i>. See <u>For</u>, <i>prep</i>., and
cf. <u>Prior</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A Latin preposition
signifying <i>for</i>, <i>before</i>, <i>forth</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pro confesso</b></col> [L.] <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>taken as
confessed. The action of a court of equity on that portion of the
pleading in a particular case which the pleading on the other side
does not deny.</cd> -- <col><b>Pro rata</b></col>. [L. See
<u>Prorate</u>.] <cd>In proportion; proportion.</cd> -- <col><b>Pro re
nata</b></col> [L.] <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>for the existing occasion; as
matters are.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>For, on, or in behalf of,
the affirmative side; -- in contrast with <i>con</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pro and con</b></col>, <cd>for and against, on the
affirmative and on the negative side; as, they debated the question
<i>pro and con</i>; -- formerly used also as a verb.</cd> --
<col><b>Pros and cons</b></col>, <cd>the arguments or reasons on
either side.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>pr&amacr;</i>&?;, pr<i>&amacr;h&?;</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
sailing canoe of the Ladrone Islands and Malay Archipelago, having its
lee side flat and its weather side like that of an ordinary boat. The
ends are alike. The canoe is long and narrow, and is kept from
overturning by a cigar-shaped log attached to a frame extending
several feet to windward. It has been called the <i>flying proa</i>,
and is the swiftest sailing craft known.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proach</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Approach</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*at"las</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i> +
<i>atlas</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A vertebral rudiment in front of
the atlas in some reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prob`a*bil"i*o*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine of the probabiliorists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prob`a*bil"i*o*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>probabilior</i>, compar. of <i>probabilis</i> probable.]
<i>(Casuistry)</i> <def>One who holds, in opposition to the
probabilists, that a man is bound to do that which is most probably
right.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prob"a*bil*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>probabilisme</i>.] <def>The doctrine of the probabilists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prob"a*bil*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>probabiliste</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who maintains that certainty is
impossible, and that probability alone is to govern our faith and
actions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Casuistry)</i> <def>One who maintains that a
man may do that which has a probability of being right, or which is
inculcated by teachers of authority, although other opinions may seem
to him still more probable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prob`a*bil"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Probabilities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>probabilitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>probabilit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being probable;
appearance of reality or truth; reasonable ground of presumption;
likelihood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Probability</i> is the appearance of the agreement
or disagreement of two ideas, by the intervention of proofs whose
connection is not constant, but appears for the most part to be
so.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is or appears probable; anything
that has the appearance of reality or truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole life of man is a perpetual comparison of
evidence and balancing of <i>probabilities</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We do not call for evidence till antecedent
<i>probabilities</i> fail.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Likelihood of the occurrence
of any event in the doctrine of chances, or the ratio of the number of
favorable chances to the whole number of chances, favorable and
unfavorable. See 1st <u>Chance</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Likeliness; credibleness; likelihood; chance.</p>

<p><hw>Prob"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>probabilis</i>, fr. <i>probare</i> to try, approve, prove: cf. F.
<i>probable</i>. See <u>Prove</u>, and cf. <u>Provable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being proved.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having more evidence for than against;
supported by evidence which inclines the mind to believe, but leaves
some room for doubt; likely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That is accounted <i>probable</i> which has better
arguments producible for it than can be brought against
it.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not say that the principles of religion are merely
<i>probable</i>; I have before asserted them to be morally
certain.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1141 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rendering probable; supporting, or giving
ground for, belief, but not demonstrating; as, <i>probable</i>
evidence; <i>probable</i> presumption.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Probable cause</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a reasonable
ground of presumption that a charge is, or my be, well founded.</cd> -
- <col><b>Probable error</b></col><cd> (of an observation, or of the
mean of a number), that within which, taken positively and negatively,
there is an even chance that the real error shall lie. Thus, if
3&Prime; is the probable error in a given case, the chances that the
real error is greater than 3&Prime; are equal to the chances that it
is less. The probable error is computed from the observations made,
and is used to express their degree of accuracy.</cd> -- <col><b>The
probable</b></col>, <cd>that which is within the bounds of
probability; that which is not unnatural or preternatural; -- opposed
to <i>the marvelous</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prob"a*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a probable
manner; in likelihood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Distinguish between what may possibly and what will
<i>probably</i> be done.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"ba*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Probate</u>.]
<def>Proof; trial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"bal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Approved;
probable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*bal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Probability.</def> [Obs.] "With as great <i>probality</i>."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"bang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Probe</u>.]
<def>A slender elastic rod, as of whalebone, with a sponge on the end,
for removing obstructions from the esophagus, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>probatus</i>, p. p. of <i>probare</i> to prove. See
<u>Prove</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Proof.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Official
proof; especially, the proof before a competent officer or tribunal
that an instrument offered, purporting to be the last will and
testament of a person deceased, is indeed his lawful act; the copy of
a will proved, under the seal of the Court of Probate, delivered to
the executors with a certificate of its having been proved.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i> <i>Burrill.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The right or
jurisdiction of proving wills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"bate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or belonging to a
probate, or court of probate; as, a <i>probate</i> record.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Probate Court</b></col>, or <col><b>Court of
Probate</b></col>, <cd>a court for the probate of wills.</cd> --
<col><b>Probate duty</b></col>, <cd>a government tax on property
passing by will.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To obtain the
official approval of, as of an instrument purporting to be the last
will and testament; as, the executor has <i>probated</i> the
will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>probatio</i>,
fr. <i>probare</i> to try, examine, prove: cf. F. <i>probation</i>.
See <u>Prove</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of proving; also, that which proves
anything; proof.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When by miracle God dispensed great gifts to the laity,
. . . he gave <i>probation</i> that he intended that all should
prophesy and preach.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any proceeding designed to ascertain truth,
to determine character, qualification, etc.; examination; trial; as,
to engage a person on <i>probation</i>.</def> Hence, specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The novitiate which a person must pass in a
convent, to probe his or her virtue and ability to bear the severities
of the rule.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The trial of a ministerial
candidate's qualifications prior to his ordination, or to his
settlement as a pastor.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Moral trial;
the state of man in the present life, in which he has the opportunity
of proving his character, and becoming qualified for a happier
state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No [view of human life] seems so reasonable as that
which regards it as a state of <i>probation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ba"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Probationary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ba"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to probation; serving for trial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To consider this life . . . as a <i>probationary</i>
state.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ba"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is undergoing probation; one who is
on trial; a novice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While yet a young <i>probationer</i>,<BR>
And candidate of heaven.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A student in divinity, who, having received
certificates of good morals and qualifications from his university, is
admitted to several trials by a presbytery, and, on acquitting himself
well, is licensed to preach.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*ba"tion*er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being a probationer; novitiate.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ba"tion*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
probation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"ba*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>probativus</i>: cf. F. <i>probatif</i>.] <def>Serving for trial or
proof; probationary; as, <i>probative</i> judgments; <i>probative</i>
evidence.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ba"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An examiner; an approver.</def>
<i>Maydman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>One who, when indicted
for crime, confessed it, and accused others, his accomplices, in order
to obtain pardon; a state's evidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"ba*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>probatoire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving for trial;
probationary.</def>  <i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or serving for, proof.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Probatory term</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a time for
taking testimony.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Probe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Probed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Probing</u>.] [L. <i>probare</i> to try, examine. See
<u>Prove</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To examine, as a wound, an ulcer, or some
cavity of the body, with a probe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: to search to the bottom; to
scrutinize or examine thoroughly.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The growing disposition to <i>probe</i> the legality of
all acts, of the crown.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Probe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An
instrument for examining the depth or other circumstances of a wound,
ulcer, or cavity, or the direction of a sinus, of for exploring for
bullets, for stones in the bladder, etc.</def>  <i>Parr.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Probe</b></col>, or <col><b>Probe-pointed</b></col>,
<col><b>scissors</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>scissors used to open
wounds, the blade of which, to be thrust into the orifice, has a
button at the end.</cd>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"bea`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Porbeagle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Probe"-point`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>Having a blunt or button-shaped extremity; -- said of cutting
instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prob"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>probit&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>probitas</i>, fr. <i>probus</i> good,
proper, honest.  Cf. <u>Prove</u>.] <def>Tried virtue or integrity;
approved moral excellence; honesty; rectitude; uprightness.</def>
"<i>Probity</i> of mind."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Probity</u>, <u>Integrity</u>.  <i>Probity</i>
denotes unimpeachable honesty and virtue, shown especially by the
performance of those obligations, called <i>imperfect</i>, which the
laws of the state do not reach, and can not enforce. <i>Integrity</i>
denotes a <i>whole</i>-hearted honesty, and especially that which
excludes all injustice that might favor one's self. It has a peculiar
reference to uprightness in mutual dealings, transfer of property, and
the execution of trusts for others.</p>

<p><hw>Prob"lem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>probl&egrave;me</i>, L. <i>problema</i>, fr. Gr. &?; anything
thrown forward, a question proposed for solution, fr. &?; to throw or
lay before; &?; before, forward + &?; to throw.  Cf. <u>Parable</u>.
]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A question proposed for solution; a matter
stated for examination or proof; hence, a matter difficult of solution
or settlement; a doubtful case; a question involving doubt.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Anything which is required
to be done; as, in geometry, to bisect a line, to draw a
perpendicular; or, in algebra, to find an unknown quantity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Problem</i> differs from <i>theorem</i> in this, that a
problem is something to be done, as to bisect a triangle, to describe
a circle, etc.; a theorem is something to be proved, as that all the
angles of a triangle are equal to two right angles.</p>

<p><col><b>Plane problem</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a problem that
can be solved by the use of the rule and compass.</cd> --
<col><b>Solid problem</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a problem
requiring in its geometric solution the use of a conic section or
higher curve.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Prob`lem*at"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Prob`lem*at"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>problematicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>probl&eacute;matique</i>.] <def>Having the nature of a problem; not
shown in fact; questionable; uncertain; unsettled; doubtful.</def> --
<wf>Prob`lem*at"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Diligent inquiries into remote and <i>problematical</i>
guilt leave a gate wide open to . . . informers.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prob"lem*a*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
proposes problems.</def> [R.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prob"lem*a*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
propose problems.</def> [R.] "Hear him <i>problematize</i>."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*bos"ci*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Proboscis</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a proboscis;
proboscidial.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`bos*cid"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Proboscis</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of large mammals
including the elephants and mastodons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`bos*cid"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Proboscidian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`bos*cid"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Proboscidate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`bos*cid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Proboscidea.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Proboscidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*bos`ci*dif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Proboscis</u>, and <u>-ferous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive division
of pectinibranchiate gastropods, including those that have a long
retractile proboscis, with the mouth at the end, as the cones, whelks,
tritons, and cowries. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Gastropoda</u>, and of
<u>Winkle</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A subdivision of the
t&aelig;nioglossate gastropods, including the fig-shells
(<i>Pyrula</i>), the helmet shells (<i>Cassis</i>), the tritons, and
allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`bos*cid"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the form or uses of a proboscis; as, a <i>proboscidiform</i>
mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*bos"cis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Proboscides</b></plw> (#). [L. fr. Gr. &?;; &?; before + &?;
to feed, graze.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hollow
organ or tube attached to the head, or connected with the mouth, of
various animals, and generally used in taking food or drink; a snout;
a trunk.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The proboscis of an elephant is a flexible muscular
elongation of the nose. The proboscis of insects is usually a
chitinous tube formed by the modified maxill&aelig;, or by the labium.
See <i>Illusts</i>. of <u>Hemiptera</u> and <u>Lepidoptera</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>By extension, applied
to various tubelike mouth organs of the lower animals that can be
everted or protruded.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The proboscis of annelids and of mollusks is usually a
portion of the pharynx that can be everted or protruded. That of
nemerteans is a special long internal organ, not connected with the
mouth, and not used in feeding, but capable of being protruded from a
pore in the head. See <i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The nose.</def> [Jocose]</p>

<p><col><b>Proboscis monkey</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Kahau</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ca"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>procax</i>,
<i>-acis</i>, fr. <i>procare</i> to ask, demand.] <def>Pert; petulant;
forward; saucy.</def> [R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>procacitas</i>.] <def>Forwardness; pertness; petulance.</def> [R.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*cam"bi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Pro-
</u>, and <u>Cambium</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The young tissue of a
fibrovascular bundle before its component cells have begun to be
differentiated.</def>  <i>Sachs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro`cat*arc"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
beginning beforehand. fr. &?; to begin first; &?; before + &?; to
begin; &?; intens. + &?; to begin: cf. F. <i>procatarctique</i>. ]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Beginning; predisposing; exciting; initial.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; The words <i>procatarctic causes</i> have been used with
different significations. Thus they have been employed synonymously
with <i>prime causes</i>, <i>exciting causes</i>, and
<i>predisposing</i> or <i>remote causes</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>The physician inquires into the <i>procatarctic</i>
causes.</blockquote> <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`cat*arx"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; first beginning.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The kindling of a disease
into action; also, the procatarctic cause.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`ce*den"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abl. of the
gerundive of L. <i>procedere</i>. see <u>Proceed</u>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A writ by which a cause which has been
removed on insufficient grounds from an inferior to a superior court
by <i>certiorari</i>, or otherwise, is sent down again to the same
court, <i>to be proceeded in</i> there.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>In English practice, a writ issuing out of chancery in cases
where the judges of subordinate courts delay giving judgment,
commanding them to proceed to judgment.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A writ by which the commission of the justice of the peace is
revived, after having been suspended.</def>  <i>Tomlins.
Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ce"dure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>proc&eacute;dure</i>. See <u>Proceed</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or manner of proceeding or moving forward; progress;
process; operation; conduct.</def> "The true <i>procedure</i> of
conscience."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A step taken; an act performed; a
proceeding; the steps taken in an action or other legal
proceeding.</def> "Gracious <i>procedures</i>."  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which results; issue; product.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ceed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Proceeded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Proceeding</u>.] [F. <i>proc&eacute;der</i>. fr. L.
<i>procedere</i>, <i>processum</i>, to go before, to proceed;
<i>pro</i> forward + <i>cedere</i> to move. See <u>Cede</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move, pass, or go forward or onward; to
advance; to continue or renew motion begun; as, to <i>proceed</i> on a
journey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou <i>proceed</i> in this thy
insolence.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass from one point, topic, or stage, to
another; as, to <i>proceed</i> with a story or argument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To issue or come forth as from a source or
origin; to come from; as, light <i>proceeds</i> from the
sun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>proceeded</i> forth and came from
God.</blockquote> <i>John viii. 42.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>proceeds</i> from policy, not love.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To go on in an orderly or regulated manner;
to begin and carry on a series of acts or measures; to act by method;
to prosecute a design.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that <i>proceeds</i> upon other principles in his
inquiry.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be transacted; to take place; to
occur.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He will, after his sour fashion, tell you<BR>
What hath <i>proceeded</i> worthy note to-day.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To have application or effect; to
operate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This rule only <i>proceeds</i> and takes place when a
person can not of common law condemn another by his
sentence.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To begin and carry on a legal
process.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To advance; go on; continue; progress; issue; arise;
emanate.</p>

<p><hw>Pro"ceed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Proceeds</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ceed"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
proceeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ceed"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who proceeds, or who prosecutes a design or
transaction; progress or movement from one thing to another; a measure
or step taken in a course of business; a transaction; as, an illegal
<i>proceeding</i>; a cautious or a violent
<i>proceeding</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>proceedings</i> of the high
commission.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The course of
procedure in the prosecution of an action at law.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Proceedings of a society</b></col>, <cd>the published
record of its action, or of things done at its meetings.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Procedure; measure; step, See
<u>Transaction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro"ceeds</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>That which
comes forth or results; effect; yield; issue; product; sum accruing
from a sale, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proc`e*leus*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proceleusmaticus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to rouse to action
beforehand; &?; + &?; to incite; cf. F.
<i>proc&eacute;leusmatique</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inciting; animating; encouraging.</def>
[R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Consisting of four short
syllables; composed of feet of four short syllables each.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proc`e*leus*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A foot consisting of four short
syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`cel*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>procella</i> a storm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a family of
oceanic birds (<i>Procellarid&aelig;</i>)  including the petrels,
fulmars, and shearwaters. They are often seen in great abundance in
stormy weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cel"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>procellosus</i>, fr. <i>procella</i> a storm.] <def>Stormy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro`ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-
</i> + <i>cephalic</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
forming, the front of the head.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Procephalic lobe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>that
part of the head of an invertebrate animal which is in front of the
mouth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i>
+ L. <i>capere</i> to take.] <def>Preoccupation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Eikon Basilik&?;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>procerus</i>
tall.] <def>Of high stature; tall.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cer"e*brum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-
</i> + <i>cerebrum</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
prosencephalon.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Proc"e*res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>procer</i> &?; chief.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of large
birds; the Ratit&aelig;; -- called also <i>Proceri</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proc"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i> +
Gr. &?; &?; horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The segment next to the
flagellum of the antenn&aelig; of Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cer"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proceritas</i>.] <def>Height of stature; tallness.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proc"ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>proc&egrave;s</i>,
L. <i>processus</i>. See <u>Proceed</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of proceeding; continued forward
movement; procedure; progress; advance.</def> "Long <i>process</i> of
time."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The thoughts of men are widened with the <i>process</i>
of the suns.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A series of actions, motions, or
occurrences; progressive act or transaction; continuous operation;
normal or actual course or procedure; regular proceeding; as, the
<i>process</i> of vegetation or decomposition; a chemical
<i>process</i>; <i>processes</i> of nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tell her the <i>process</i> of Antonio's
end.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A statement of events; a narrative.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any marked
prominence or projecting part, especially of a bone;
anapophysis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The whole course of
proceedings in a cause real or personal, civil or criminal, from the
beginning to the end of the suit; strictly, the means used for
bringing the defendant into court to answer to the action; -- a
generic term for writs of the class called <i>judicial</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Deacon's process</b></col> [from H. <i>Deacon</i>, who
introduced it] <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a method of obtaining chlorine gas
by passing hydrochloric acid gas over heated slag which has been
previously saturated with a solution of some metallic salt, as
sulphate of copper.</cd> -- <col><b>Final process</b></col>
<i>(Practice)</i>, <cd>a writ of execution in an action at law.</cd>
<i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>In process</b></col>, <cd>in the condition
of advance, accomplishment, transaction, or the like; begun, and not
completed.</cd> -- <col><b>Jury process</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>the process by which a jury is summoned in a cause, and by which
their attendance is enforced.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> --
<col><b>Leblanc's process</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the process of
manufacturing soda by treating salt with sulphuric acid, reducing the
sodium sulphate so formed to sodium sulphide by roasting with
charcoal, and converting the sodium sulphide to sodium carbonate by
roasting with lime.</cd> -- <col><b>Mesne process</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Mesne</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Process milling</b></col>, <cd>the
process of high milling for grinding flour. See under
<u>Milling</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Reversible process</b></col>
<i>(Thermodynamics)</i>, <cd>any process consisting of a cycle of
operations such that the different operations of the cycle can be
performed in reverse order with a reversal of their effects.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1142 !></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ces"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>processio</i>. See <u>Proceed</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of proceeding, moving on,
advancing, or issuing; regular, orderly, or ceremonious progress;
continuous course.</def>  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That the <i>procession</i> of their life might
be</blockquote>
<blockquote>More equable, majestic, pure, and free.</blockquote>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is moving onward in an orderly,
stately, or solemn manner; a train of persons advancing in order; a
ceremonious train; a retinue; as, a <i>procession</i> of mourners; the
Lord Mayor's <i>procession</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here comes the townsmen on
<i>procession</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An orderly and ceremonial
progress of persons, either from the sacristy to the choir, or from
the choir around the church, within or without.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An old term for
litanies which were said in procession and not kneeling.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Procession of the Holy Ghost</b></col>, <cd>a theological
term applied to the relation of the Holy Spirit to the Father and the
Son, the Eastern Church affirming that the Spirit proceeds from the
Father only, and the Western Church that the Spirit proceeds from the
Father and the Son.</cd> <i>Shipley.</i> -- <col><b>Procession
week</b></col>, <cd>a name for Rogation week, when processions were
made; Cross-week.</cd> <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ces"sion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To
ascertain, mark, and establish the boundary lines of, as lands.</def>
[Local, U. S. (North Carolina and Tennessee).] "To <i>procession</i>
the lands of such persons as desire it."  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ces"sion</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To march in
procession.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*ces"sion</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To honor with a
procession.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*ces"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a procession; consisting in a procession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>processional</i> services became more
frequent.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ces"sion*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>processionnal</i>, LL. <i>processionale</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A service book relating
to ecclesiastical processions.</def>  <i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hymn, or other selection, sung during a
church procession; as, the <i>processional</i> was the 202d
hymn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ces"sion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
goes or marches in a procession.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*ces"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>processionarius</i>, F. <i>processionnaire</i>.] <def>Pertaining to
a procession; consisting in processions; as, <i>processionary</i>
service.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Processionary moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
moth of the genus <i>Cnethocampa</i>, especially <i>C.
processionea</i> of Europe, whose larv&aelig; make large webs on oak
trees, and go out to feed in regular order. They are covered with
stinging hairs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ces"sion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who takes part in a
procession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A manual of processions; a
processional.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An officer appointed to procession
lands.</def> [Local, U. S. (North Carolina and Tennessee).]
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ces"sion*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A proceeding
prescribed by statute for ascertaining and fixing the boundaries of
land. See 2d <u>Procession</u>.</def> [ Local, U. S.]
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ces"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Proceeding;
advancing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Because it is language, -- ergo,
<i>processive</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`c&egrave;s" ver`bal"</hw> (?). [ F.] <i>(French Law)</i>
<def>An authentic minute of an official act, or statement of
facts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"chein</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>prochain</i>,
fr. L. (assumed) <i>proximanus</i>, fr. <i>proximus</i>.] <def>Next;
nearest.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prochein ami</b></col> or <col><b>amy</b></col> (&?;)
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the next friend. See under <u>Next</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*chor"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro +
chordal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated in front of the notochord;
-- applied especially to parts of the cartilaginous rudiments in the
base of the skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"chro*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; preceding
in time; &?; before + &?; time: cf. F. <i>prochronisme</i>.] <def>The
dating of an event before the time it happened; an antedating; --
opposed to <i>metachronism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"chro*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
antedate.</def>  <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Proc"i*dence</hw>, <hw>||Proc*i*den"ti*a</hw> (?), },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>procidentia</i>, fr. <i>procidens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>procidere</i> to fall down forward.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
falling down; a prolapsus.</def> [R.]  <i>Parr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cid"u*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [ L.
<i>prociduus</i>.] <def>Falling from its proper place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cinct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>procinctus</i>, fr. <i>procingere</i>, <i>procinctum</i>, to gird
up.] <def>A state of complete readiness for action.</def> [Obs.] "War
in <i>procinct</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*claim"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Proclaimed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Proclaiming</u>.] [OE. <i>proclamen</i>, L. <i>proclamare</i>;
<i>pro</i> before, forward + <i>clamare</i> to call or cry out: cf. F.
<i>proclamer</i>. See <u>Claim</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make known by public announcement; to
give wide publicity to; to publish abroad; to promulgate; to declare;
as, to <i>proclaim</i> war or peace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>proclaim</i> liberty to the
captives.</blockquote> <i>Isa. lxi. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For the apparel oft <i>proclaims</i> the
man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Throughout the host <i>proclaim</i><BR>
A solemn council forthwith to be held.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To outlaw by public proclamation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I heard myself <i>proclaimed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To publish; promulgate; declare; announce.  See
<u>Announce</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*claim"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
proclaims.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proc`la*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>proclamation</i>, L. <i>proclamatio</i>. See <u>Proclaim</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of proclaiming; official or general
notice; publication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>King Asa made a <i>proclamation</i> throughout all
Judah; none was exempted.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xv. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is proclaimed, publicly
announced, or officially declared; a published ordinance; as, the
<i>proclamation</i> of a king; a Thanksgiving
<i>proclamation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*clit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to lean
forward; &?; forward + &?; to lean or incline.  Cf. <u>Enclitic</u>.]
<i>(Gr. Gram.)</i> <def>Leaning forward; -- said of certain
monosyllabic words which are so closely attached to the following word
as not to have a separate accent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*clive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>proclivis</i>
sloping, inclined; <i>pro</i> forward + <i>clivus</i> hill: cf. F.
<i>proclive</i>. See <u>Declivity</u>, and cf. <u>Proclivous</u>.]
<def>Having a tendency by nature; prone; proclivous.</def> [R.]
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cliv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proclivitas</i>: cf. F. <i>proclivit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclination; propensity; proneness;
tendency.</def> "A <i>proclivity</i> to steal."  <i>Abp.
Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Readiness; facility; aptitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had such a dexterous <i>proclivity</i> as his
teachers were fain to restrain his forwardness.</blockquote> <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cli"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proclivus</i>. See <u>Proclive</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined; tending by nature.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the incisor
teeth directed forward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*c&oelig;le"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>pro</i> + Gr. &?; hollow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A lateral cavity of
the prosencephalon; a lateral ventricle of the brain.</def>  <i>B. G.
Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*c&oelig;"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Proc&oelig;li&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [ NL.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Proc&oelig;le</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*c&oelig;"li*a</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Crocodilia, including the true
crocodiles and alligators, in which the dorsal vertebr&aelig; are
concave in front.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*c&oelig;"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Proc&oelig;le</u>.] <i>(Anat &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Concave in
front; as, <i>proc&oelig;lian</i> vertebr&aelig;, which have the
anterior end of the centra concave and the posterior convex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*c&oelig;"li*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A reptile having proc&oelig;lian
vertebr&aelig;; one of the Proc&oelig;lia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*c&oelig;"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos><def>Same as
<u>Proc&oelig;lian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*con"sul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>pro</i>
for + <i>consul</i> consul.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An officer who
discharged the duties of a consul without being himself consul; a
governor of, or a military commander in, a province. He was usually
one who had previously been consul.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pro*con"su*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Pro*con"su*la*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>proconsularis</i>: cf. F.
<i>proconsulaire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining of a proconsul; as,
<i>proconsular</i> powers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Under the government of a proconsul; as, a
<i>proconsular</i> province.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*con"su*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proconsulatus</i>: cf. F. <i>proconsulat</i>.] <def>The office
jurisdiction of a proconsul, or the term of his office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*con"sul*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Proconsulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cras"ti*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Procrastinated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Procrastinating</u>.] [L.
<i>procrastinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>procrastinare</i> to procrastinate;
<i>pro</i> forward + <i>crastinus</i> of to-morrow, fr. <i>cras</i>
to-morrow.] <def>To put off till to-morrow, or from day to day; to
defer; to postpone; to delay; as, to <i>procrastinate</i>
repentance.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hopeless and helpless &AElig;geon wend,<BR>
But to <i>procrastinate</i> his lifeless end.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To postpone; adjourn; defer; delay; retard;
protract; prolong.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*cras"ti*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To delay;
to be dilatory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>procrastinate</i> more than I did twenty years
ago.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cras`ti*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>procrastinatio</i>: cf. F. <i>procrastination</i>.] <def>The act or
habit of procrastinating, or putting off to a future time; delay;
dilatoriness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Procrastination</i> is the thief of
time.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cras"ti*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
procrastinates, or defers the performance of anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cras"ti*na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to procrastination; dilatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cras"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
procrastinate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro"cre*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>procreans</i>, p. pr. of <i>procreare</i>. See <u>Procreate</u>.]
<def>Generating; producing; productive; fruitful; assisting in
procreation.</def> [R.] "His pendent bed and <i>procreant</i> cradle."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"cre*ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, procreates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"cre*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Procreated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Procreating</u>.] [L. <i>procreatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>procreare</i>; <i>pro</i> forward, forth + <i>create</i> to
create.] <def>To generate and produce; to beget; to
engender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`cre*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>procr&eacute;ation</i>, L, <i>procreatio</i>.] <def>The act of
begetting; generation and production of young.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"cre*a`tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
power to beget; generative.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"cre*a`tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The power
of generating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"cre*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
begets; a father or sire; a generator.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro"cris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the wife of
Cephalus, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of small
moths of the genus <i>Procris</i>. The larv&aelig; of some species
injure the grapevine by feeding in groups upon the leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*crus"te*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to <i>Procrustes</i>, or the mode of torture practiced by
him; producing conformity by violent means; as, the <i>Procrustean</i>
treatment; a <i>Procrustean</i> limit. See
<u>Procrustes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*crus"te*an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Procrusteanized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Procrusteanizing</u> (?).] <def>To stretch
or contract according to some rule or standard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*crus"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to beat out, to stretch; &?; forward + &?; to strike.] <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A celebrated legendary highwayman of Attica, who tied
his victims upon an iron bed, and, as the case required, either
stretched or cut of their legs to adapt them to its length; -- whence
the metaphorical phrase, <col><b><i>the bed of
Procrustes</i></b></col>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`crus*te"si*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Procrustean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Proc*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
anus + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
rectum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proc"to*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; anus + &?;
tumor.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inversion and prolapse of the mucous coat
of the rectum, from relaxation of the sphincter, with more or less
swelling; prolapsus ani.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Proc`to*d&aelig;"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; the anus + &?; to divide.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Mesenteron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proc"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>proketour</i>,
contr. fr. <i>procurator</i>. See <u>Procurator</u>.] <def>One who is
employed to manage to affairs of another.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A person appointed to collect alms for those
who could not go out to beg for themselves, as lepers, the bedridden,
etc.; hence a beggar.</def> [Obs.] <i>Nares.</i>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>An officer employed in admiralty and
ecclesiastical causes. He answers to an <i>attorney</i> at common law,
or to a <i>solicitor</i> in equity.</def> <i>Wharton.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i> <def>A representative of the
clergy in convocation.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>An officer in a
university or college whose duty it is to enforce obedience to the
laws of the institution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proc"tor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act as a proctor
toward; to manage as an attorney or agent.</def>  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proc"tor*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Management by
a proctor, or as by a proctor; hence, control; superintendence; -- in
contempt.</def> "The fogging <i>proctorage</i> of money."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proc*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a proctor, esp. an academic proctor;
magisterial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proc*tor"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Proctorial.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Proc"tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
dignity of a proctor; also, the term of his office.</def>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proc*tot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; anus +
&?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An incision into the rectum, as for
the division of a stricture.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Proc"tu*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; anus + &?; to have.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A division of Turbellaria including those that have an intestine
terminating posteriorly.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
Nemertina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cum"bent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>procumbens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>procumbere</i> to fall,
bend, or lean forward; <i>pro</i> forward + <i>cumbere</i> (in comp.),
akin to <i>cubare</i> to lie down: cf. F. <i>procombant</i>.  Cf.
<u>Incumbent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lying down, or on the face; prone.</def> "
<i>Procumbent</i> each obeyed."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Lying on the ground, but
without putting forth roots; trailing; prostrate; as, a
<i>procumbent</i> stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cur"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being procured; obtainable.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proc"u*ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Procuracies</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>procuratia</i>: cf. F.
<i>procuratie</i>. See <u>Procuration</u>, and cf,. <u>Proxy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office or act of a proctor or
procurator; management for another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Authority to act for another; a
proxy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Proc`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>procuratio</i>: cf. F. <i>procuration</i>. See <u>Procure</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of procuring;
procurement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The management of another's
affairs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The instrument by which a person is
empowered to transact the affairs of another; a proxy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i> <def>A sum of money paid
formerly to the bishop or archdeacon, now to the ecclesiastical
commissioners, by an incumbent, as a commutation for entertainment at
the time of visitation; -- called also <i>proxy</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Procuration money</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>money paid
for procuring a loan.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proc"u*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>procurateur</i>. See <u>Procure</u>, and cf. <u>Proctor</u>. ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who manages another's
affairs, either generally or in a special matter; an agent; a
proctor.</def>  <i>Chaucer. Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A governor of a
province under the emperors; also, one who had charge of the imperial
revenues in a province; as, the <i>procurator</i> of Judea.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Procurator fiscal</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>, <cd>public
prosecutor, or district attorney.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Proc`u*ra*to"ri*al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a procurator, or proctor; made by a proctor.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proc"u*ra`tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office or term of a procurator.</def>  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cu"ra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>procuratorius</i>.] <def>Tending to, or authorizing,
procuration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Procured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Procuring</u>.] [F. <i>procurer</i>, L. <i>procurare</i>,
<i>procuratum</i>, to take care of; <i>pro</i> for + <i>curare</i> to
take care, fr. <i>cura</i> care. See <u>Cure</u>, and cf.
<u>Proctor</u>, <u>Proxy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring into possession; to cause to
accrue to, or to come into possession of; to acquire or provide for
one's self or for another; to gain; to get; to obtain by any means, as
by purchase or loan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If we <i>procure</i> not to ourselves more
woe.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contrive; to bring about; to effect; to
cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By all means possible they <i>procure</i> to have gold
and silver among them in reproach.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia) .</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Proceed, Solinus, to <i>procure</i> my
fall.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To solicit; to entreat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The famous Briton prince and faery knight, . . . <BR>
Of the fair Alma greatly were <i>procured</i><BR>
To make there longer sojourn and abode.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1143 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to come; to bring; to
attract.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What unaccustomed cause <i>procures</i> her
hither?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To obtain for illicit intercourse or
prostitution.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Attain</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*cure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pimp.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To manage business for another in
court.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*cure"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of procuring or obtaining;
obtainment; attainment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Efficient contrivance; management;
agency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They think it done<BR>
By her <i>procurement</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cur"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>procureur</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who procures, or obtains; one who, or
that which, brings on, or causes to be done, esp. by corrupt
means.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who procures the gratification of lust
for another; a pimp; a pander.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*cur"ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female procurer,
or pander.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"cy*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a constellation
which rises before the Dog Star, Gr. &?;; &?; before + &?; a dog.
]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A star of the first
magnitude in the constellation <i>Canis Minor</i>, or the Little
Dog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of mammals
including the raccoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. &amp; Ir.
<i>brod</i> goad, prickle, sting, and E. <i>brad</i>, also W.
<i>procio</i> to poke, thrust.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pointed instrument for pricking or
puncturing, as a goad, an awl, a skewer, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A prick or stab which a pointed
instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A light kind of crossbow; -- in the sense,
often spelled <i>prodd</i>.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prod</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prodded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prodding</u>.] <def>To thrust some pointed instrument into; to
prick with something sharp; as, to <i>prod</i> a soldier with a
bayonet; to <i>prod</i> oxen; hence, to goad, to incite, to worry; as,
to <i>prod</i> a student.</def>  <i>H. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prodd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A crossbow. See
<u>Prod</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prod"i*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>prodigus</i>,
from <i>prodigere</i> to drive forth, to squander away; <i>pro</i>
forward, forth + <i>agere</i> to drive; cf. F. <i>prodigue</i>. See
<u>Agent</u>. ] <def>Given to extravagant expenditure; expending money
or other things without necessity; recklessly or viciously profuse;
lavish; wasteful; not frugal or economical; as, a <i>prodigal</i> man;
the <i>prodigal</i> son; <i>prodigal</i> giving; <i>prodigal</i>
expenses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In fighting fields [patriots]  were <i>prodigal</i> of
blood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Profuse; lavish; extravagant; squandering; wasteful.
See <u>Profuse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Prod"i*gal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who expends
money extravagantly, viciously, or without necessity; one that is
profuse or lavish in any expenditure; a waster; a spendthrift.</def>
"Noble <i>prodigals</i> of life."  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prod`i*gal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>prodigalit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>prodigalitas</i>. See
<u>Prodigal</u>.] <def>Extravagance in expenditure, particularly of
money; excessive liberality; profusion; waste; -- opposed to
<i>frugality</i>, <i>economy</i>, and <i>parsimony</i>.</def>"The
<i>prodigality</i> of his wit."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prod"i*gal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act as
a prodigal; to spend liberally.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prod"i*gal*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To expend
lavishly.</def>  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prod"i*gal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a prodigal
manner; with profusion of expense; extravagantly; wasteful; profusely;
lavishly; as, an estate <i>prodigally</i> dissipated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature not bounteous now, but lavish grows;<BR>
Our paths with flowers she <i>prodigally</i> strows.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prod"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
squander.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prod"i*gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prodigentia</i>, fr. <i>prodigens</i>, p. pr. of <i>prodigere</i>.
See <u>Prodigal</u>. ] <def>Waste; profusion; prodigality.</def> [R.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*di"gious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prodigiosus</i>, fr. <i>prodigium</i> a prodigy; cf. F.
<i>prodigieux</i>. See <u>Prodigy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of a prodigy; marvelous;
wonderful; portentous.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>prodigious</i> to have thunder in a clear
sky.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extraordinary in bulk, extent, quantity, or
degree; very great; vast; huge; immense; as, a <i>prodigious</i>
mountain; a <i>prodigious</i> creature; a <i>prodigious</i>
blunder.</def>  "<i>Prodigious</i> might."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Huge; enormous; monstrous; portentous; marvelous;
amazing; astonishing; extraordinary.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*di"gious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Enormously; wonderfully; astonishingly; as,
<i>prodigiously</i> great.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very much; extremely; as, he was
<i>prodigiously</i> pleased.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*di"gious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being prodigious; the state of having qualities that
excite wonder or astonishment; enormousness; vastness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prod"i*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prodigies</b></plw> (#). [ L. <i>prodigium</i>; <i>pro</i>
before + (perh.) a word appearing in <i>adagium</i> adage: cf. F.
<i>prodige</i>.  Cf. <u>Adage</u>. ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something extraordinary, or out of the
usual course of nature, from which omens are drawn; a portent; as,
eclipses and meteors were anciently deemed <i>prodigies</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So many terrors, voices, <i>prodigies</i>,<BR>
May warn thee, as a sure foregoing sign.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything so extraordinary as to excite
wonder or astonishment; a marvel; as, a <i>prodigy</i> of
learning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A production out of ordinary course of
nature; an abnormal development; a monster.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wonder; miracle; portent; marvel; monster.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>proditio</i>,
from <i>prodere</i> to give forth, betray: cf. OF. <i>prodition</i>.]
<def>Disclosure; treachery; treason.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prod"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
traitor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prod`i*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>proditoire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Treacherous; perfidious; traitorous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apt to make unexpected revelations.</def>
[Obs.] "Nature is <i>proditorious</i>."  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prod"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Treacherous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prod"ro*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to prodromes; as, the <i>prodromal</i> stage of
a disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"drome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; running
before; &?; before + &?; to run: cf. F. <i>prodrome</i>.] <def>A
forerunner; a precursor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prod"ro*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Precursory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Prod"ro*mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prodrome.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A preliminary course or publication; --
used esp. in the titles of elementary works.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Produced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Producing</u> (?).] [L. <i>producere</i>, <i>productum</i>, to
bring forward, beget, produce; <i>pro</i> forward, forth +
<i>ducere</i> to lead. See <u>Duke</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring forward; to lead forth; to offer
to view or notice; to exhibit; to show; as, to <i>produce</i> a
witness or evidence in court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Produce</i> your cause, saith the Lord.</blockquote>
<i>Isa. xli. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your parents did not <i>produce</i> you much into the
world.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth, as young, or as a natural
product or growth; to give birth to; to bear; to generate; to
propagate; to yield; to furnish; as, the earth <i>produces</i> grass;
trees <i>produce</i> fruit; the clouds <i>produce</i> rain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This soil <i>produces</i> all sorts of palm
trees.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] <i>produce</i> prodigious births of body or
mind.</blockquote> <i> Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The greatest jurist his country had
<i>produced</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be or to happen; to originate,
as an effect or result; to bring about; as, disease <i>produces</i>
pain; vice <i>produces</i> misery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give being or form to; to manufacture;
to make; as, a manufacturer <i>produces</i> excellent wares.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To yield or furnish; to gain; as, money at
interest <i>produces</i> an income; capital <i>produces</i>
profit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To draw out; to extend; to lengthen; to
prolong; as, to <i>produce</i> a man's life to threescore.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>To extend; -- applied to a
line, surface, or solid; as, to <i>produce</i> a side of a
triangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*duce"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To yield or
furnish appropriate offspring, crops, effects, consequences, or
results.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prod"uce</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
produced, brought forth, or yielded; product; yield; proceeds; result
of labor, especially of agricultural labors</def>; hence,
specifically, <def>agricultural products.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*duce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Production.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*du"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>producens</i>, p. pr.] <def>One who produces, or offers to
notice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*du"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who produces, brings forth, or
generates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who grows agricultural products, or
manufactures crude materials into articles of use.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Iron &amp; Steel Manuf.)</i> <def>A furnace for
producing combustible gas which is used for fuel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*du`ci*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being producible.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*du"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being produced, brought forward, brought forth, generated, made, or
extended.</def> -- <wf>Pro*du"ci*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Prod"uct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>productus</i>,
p. pr. of <i>producere</i>. See <u>Produce</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything that is produced, whether as the
result of generation, growth, labor, or thought, or by the operation
of involuntary causes; as, the <i>products</i> of the season, or of
the farm; the <i>products</i> of manufactures; the <i>products</i> of
the brain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are the <i>product</i><BR>
Of those ill-mated marriages.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These institutions are the <i>products</i> of
enthusiasm.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The number or sum obtained
by adding one number or quantity to itself as many times as there are
units in another number; the number resulting from the multiplication
of two or more numbers; as, the <i>product</i> of the multiplication
of 7 by 5 is 35. In general, the result of any kind of multiplication.
See the Note under <u>Multiplication</u>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Produce; production; fruit; result; effect;
consequence; outcome; work; performance.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*duct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To produce; to bring forward.</def>
"<i>Producted</i> to . . . examination." [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lengthen out; to extend.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He that doth much . . . <i>products</i> his
mortality.</blockquote> <i>Hackett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To produce; to make.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*duct`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being productible; producibility.</def>  <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*duct"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>productible</i>.] <def>Capable of being produced;
producible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*duc"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>productilis</i>, fr. <i>producere</i> to stretch out.] <def>Capable
of being extended or prolonged; extensible; ductile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>productio</i> a lengthening, prolonging: cf. F. <i>production</i>.
See <u>Produce</u>. ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process or producing, bringing
forth, or exhibiting to view; as, the <i>production</i> of
commodities, of a witness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is produced, yielded, or made,
whether naturally, or by the application of intelligence and labor;
as, the <i>productions</i> of the earth; the <i>productions</i> of
handicraft; the <i>productions</i> of intellect or genius.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of lengthening out or
prolonging.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Product; produce; fruit; work; performance;
composition.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*duc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>productif</i>, L. <i>productivus</i> fit for prolongation.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality or power of producing;
yielding or furnishing results; as, <i>productive</i> soil;
<i>productive</i> enterprises; <i>productive</i> labor, that which
increases the number or amount of products.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bringing into being; causing to exist;
producing; originative; as, an age <i>productive</i> of great men; a
spirit <i>productive</i> of heroic achievements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And kindle with thy own <i>productive</i>
fire.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is turning nobility into a principle of virtue,
and making it <i>productive</i> of merit.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Producing, or able to produce, in large
measure; fertile; profitable.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pro*duc"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pro*duc"tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pro`duc*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being productive; productiveness.</def>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not indeed as the product, but as the producing power,
the <i>productivity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*duc"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
producer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*duc"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Product</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct genus of
brachiopods, very characteristic of the Carboniferous rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`e*gu"mi*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, p. pr.
of &?; to lead the way: cf. F. <i>pro&eacute;gum&egrave;ne</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Serving to predispose; predisposing; as, a
<i>proeguminal</i> cause of disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"em</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>prooemium</i>, Gr.
&?;; &?; before + &?; way, course or strain of a song: cf. F.
<i>pro&egrave;me</i>.] <def>Preface; introduction; preliminary
observations; prelude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus much may serve by way of
<i>proem</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"em</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To preface.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*em"bry*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i>
+ <i>embryo</i>. ] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The series
of cells formed in the ovule of a flowering plant after fertilization,
but before the formation of the embryo.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The primary growth from the spore in certain cryptogamous plants;
as, the <i>proembryo</i>, or protonema, of mosses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*e"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Introductory;
prefatory; preliminary.</def> [R.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro`emp*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; to fall in before; &?; before + &?; in + &?; to fall.]
<i>(Chron.)</i> <def>The addition of a day to the lunar
calendar.</def> [R.] See <u>Metemptosis</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro"face</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [OF. <i>prou
face</i>, <i>prou fasse</i>; <i>prou</i> profit + <i>faire</i> to
make, do.] <def>Much good may it do you! -- a familiar salutation or
welcome.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Master page, good master page, sit.
<i>Proface</i>!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prof"a*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
profane.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prof`a*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>profanatio</i>: cf. F. <i>profanation</i>. See <u>Profane</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of violating
sacred things, or of treating them with contempt or irreverence;
irreverent or too familiar treatment or use of what is sacred;
desecration; as, the <i>profanation</i> of the Sabbath; the
<i>profanation</i> of a sanctuary; the <i>profanation</i> of the name
of God.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of treating with abuse or
disrespect, or with undue publicity, or lack of delicacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T were <i>profanation</i> of our joys<BR>
To tell the laity our love.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>profanus</i>, properly, before the temple, i. e., without the
temple, unholy; <i>pro</i> before + <i>fanum</i> temple. See 1st
<u>Fane</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not sacred or holy; not possessing peculiar
sanctity; unconsecrated; hence, relating to matters other than sacred;
secular; -- opposed to <i>sacred</i>, <i>religious</i>, or
<i>inspired</i>; as, a <i>profane</i> place.</def> "<i>Profane</i>
authors."  <i>I. Disraeli.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>profane</i> wreath was suspended before the
shrine.</blockquote> <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unclean; impure; polluted;
unholy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing is <i>profane</i> that serveth to holy
things.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Treating sacred things with contempt,
disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity; irreverent;
impious.</def> Hence, specifically; <def>Irreverent in language;
taking the name of God in vain; given to swearing; blasphemous; as, a
<i>profane</i> person, word, oath, or tongue.</def> <i>1 Tim. i.
9.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Secular; temporal; worldly; unsanctified;
unhallowed; unholy; irreligious; irreverent; ungodly; wicked; godless;
impious. See <u>Impious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*fane"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Profaned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Profaning</u>.] [L. <i>profanare</i>: cf. F. <i>profaner</i>. See
<u>Profane</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To violate, as anything sacred; to treat
with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt; to desecrate; to
pollute; as, to <i>profane</i> the name of God; to <i>profane</i> the
Scriptures, or the ordinance of God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The priests in the temple <i>profane</i> the
sabbath.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put to a wrong or unworthy use; to make
a base employment of; to debase; to abuse; to defile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So idly to <i>profane</i> the precious
time.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fane"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a profane
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The character of God <i>profanely</i>
impeached.</blockquote> <i>Dr. T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fane"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being profane; especially, the use of profane
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fan"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who treats
sacred things with irreverence, or defiles what is holy; one who uses
profane language.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fan"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>profanitas</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being profane;
profaneness; irreverence; esp., the use of profane language;
blasphemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is profane; profane language or
acts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brisk interchange of <i>profanity</i> and
folly.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Proficient</u>.] <def>A setting out; a going forward; advance;
progression.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro`fec*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>profectitius</i>, fr. <i>proficisci</i> to set out, proceed.]
<def>Proceeding from, as from a parent; derived, as from an
ancestor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The threefold distinction of <i>profectitious</i>,
adventitious, and professional was ascertained.</blockquote>
<i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"fert</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., he brings forward,
3d pers. pr. of <i>proferre</i>. See <u>Proffer</u>. ] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The exhibition or production of a record or paper in open court,
or an allegation that it is in court.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Professed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Professing</u>.] [F. <i>prof&egrave;s</i>, masc., <i>professe</i>,
fem., professed (monk or nun), L. <i>professus</i>, p. p. of
<i>profiteri</i> to profess; <i>pro</i> before, forward +
<i>fateri</i> to confess, own. See <u>Confess</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make open declaration of, as of one's
knowledge, belief, action, etc.; to avow or acknowledge; to confess
publicly; to own or admit freely.</def> "Hear me <i>profess</i>
sincerely."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The best and wisest of them all <i>professed</i><BR>
To know this only, that he nothing knew.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1144 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set up a claim to; to make presence to;
hence, to put on or present an appearance of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do <i>profess</i> to be no less than I
seem.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To present to knowledge of, to proclaim
one's self versed in; to make one's self a teacher or practitioner of,
to set up as an authority respecting; to declare (one's self to be
such); as, he <i>professes</i> surgery; to <i>profess</i> one's self a
physician.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take a profession upon one's self by a public declaration; to
confess.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To declare friendship.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fessed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Openly
declared, avowed, acknowledged, or claimed; as, a <i>professed</i>
foe; a <i>professed</i> tyrant; a <i>professed</i>
Christian.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The professed</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <cd>, a certain
class among the Jesuits bound by a special vow. See the note under
<u>Jesuit</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fess"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
profession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fes"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>professio</i>.  See <u>Profess</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of professing or claiming; open
declaration; public avowal or acknowledgment; as, <i>professions</i>
of friendship; a <i>profession</i> of faith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A solemn vow, promise, and
<i>profession</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which one professed; a declaration; an
avowal; a claim; as, his <i>professions</i> are insincere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Indians quickly perceive the coincidence or the
contradiction between <i>professions</i> and conduct.</blockquote>
<i>J. Morse.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That of which one professed knowledge; the
occupation, if not mechanical, agricultural, or the like, to which one
devotes one's self; the business which one professes to understand,
and to follow for subsistence; calling; vocation; employment; as, the
<i>profession</i> of arms; the <i>profession</i> of a clergyman,
lawyer, or physician; the <i>profession</i> of lecturer on
chemistry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hi tried five or six <i>professions</i> in
turn.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>The three professions</i>, or <i>learned professions</i>,
are, especially, theology, law, and medicine.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of persons engaged in a
calling; as, the <i>profession</i> distrust him.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Law.)</i> <def>The act of entering, or
becoming a member of, a religious order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fes"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a profession, or calling;
conforming to the rules or standards of a profession; following a
profession; as, <i>professional</i> knowledge; <i>professional</i>
conduct.</def>  "Pride, not personal, but <i>professional</i>."
<i>Macaulay.</i> "A <i>professional</i> sneerer." <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Engaged in by professionals; as, a
<i>professional</i> race; -- opposed to <i>amateur</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fes"sion*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
prosecutes anything professionally, or for a livelihood, and not in
the character of an amateur; a professional worker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fes"sion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
following of a profession, sport, etc., as an occupation; -- opposed
to <i>amateurism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fes"sion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>professional person.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*fes"sion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
professional manner or capacity; by profession or calling; in the
exercise of one's profession; one employed
<i>professionally</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fess"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a teacher, a
public teacher: cf. F. <i>professeur</i>. See <u>Profess</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who professed, or makes open declaration
of, his sentiments or opinions; especially, one who makes a public
avowal of his belief in the Scriptures and his faith in Christ, and
thus unites himself to the visible church.</def> "<i>Professors</i> of
religion."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who professed, or publicly teaches, any
science or branch of learning; especially, an officer in a university,
college, or other seminary, whose business it is to read lectures, or
instruct students, in a particular branch of learning; as a
<i>professor</i> of theology, of botany, of mathematics, or of
political economy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`fes*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>professorius</i>: cf. F. <i>professorial</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a professor; as, the <i>professional</i> chair;
<i>professional</i> interest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`fes*so"ri*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
character, manners, or habits of a professor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro`fes*so"ri*at</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Professoriate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`fes*so"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The body of professors, or the professorial
staff, in a university or college.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A professorship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fess"or*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or position of a professor, or public teacher.</def>
<i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fes"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>professorius</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a professor;
professorial.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prof"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Proffered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Proffering</u>.] [OE. <i>profren</i>, <i>proferen</i>, F.
<i>prof&eacute;rer</i>, fr. L. <i>proferre</i> to bring forth or
forward, to offer; <i>pro</i> forward + <i>ferre</i> to bring. See
<u>Bear</u> to produce.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To offer for
acceptance; to propose to give; to make a tender of; as, to
<i>proffer</i> a gift; to <i>proffer</i> services; to <i>proffer</i>
friendship.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I reck not what wrong that thou me
<i>profre</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To essay or attempt of one's own accord; to
undertake, or propose to undertake.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prof"fer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
offer made; something proposed for acceptance by another; a tender;
as, <i>proffers</i> of peace or friendship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He made a <i>proffer</i> to lay down his
commission.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Essay; attempt.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prof"fer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
proffers something.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pro*fi"cience</hw> (?), <hw>Pro*fi"cien*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of state of being proficient;
advance in the acquisition of any art, science, or knowledge;
progression in knowledge; improvement; adeptness; as, to acquire
<i>proficiency</i> in music.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proficiens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>proficere</i> to go
forward, make progress; <i>pro</i> forward + <i>facere</i> to make.
See <u>Fact</u>, and cf. <u>Profit</u>, (&?;)] <def>One who has made
considerable advances in any business, art, science, or branch of
learning; an expert; an adept; as, <i>proficient</i> in a trade; a
<i>proficient</i> in mathematics, music, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Well advanced
in any branch of knowledge or skill; possessed of considerable
acquirements; well-skilled; versed; adept,</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fi"cient*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
proficient manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fic"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proficuus</i>.] <def>Profitable; advantageous; useful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"file</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>profilo</i>,
fr. L. <i>pro</i> before + <i>filum</i> a thread, an outline, shape:
cf. F. <i>profil</i>. See <u>File</u> arow, and cf. <u>Purfle</u>,
<u>Purl</u>, a fringe.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An outline, or
contour; as, the <i>profile</i> of an apple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paint &amp; Sculp.)</i> <def>A human head
represented sidewise, or in a side view; the side face or half
face.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
section of any member, made at right angles with its main lines,
showing the exact shape of moldings and the like.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Civil Engin.)</i> <def>A drawing exhibiting a
vertical section of the ground along a surveyed line, or graded work,
as of a railway, showing elevations, depressions, grades,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Profile paper</b></col> <i>(Civil Engin.)</i>, <cd>paper
ruled with vertical and horizontal lines forming small oblong
rectangles, adapted for drawing profiles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro"file</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Profiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Profiling</u>] [Cf. F. <i>profiler</i>, It. <i>profilare</i>. See
<u>Profile</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>to draw
the outline of; to draw in profile, as an architectural
member.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To shape the outline of an
object by passing a cutter around it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Profiling machine</b></col>, <cd>a jigging
machine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro"fil*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>In
the construction of fieldworks, the erection at proper intervals of
wooden profiles, to show to the workmen the sectional form of the
parapets at those points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"fil*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes
profiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"fit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>profectus</i> advance, progress, profit, fr. <i>profectum</i>. See
<u>Proficient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Acquisition beyond
expenditure; excess of value received for producing, keeping, or
selling, over cost; hence, pecuniary gain in any transaction or
occupation; emolument; as, a <i>profit</i> on the sale of
goods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let no man anticipate uncertain
<i>profits</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accession of good; valuable results; useful
consequences; benefit; avail; gain; as, an office of
<i>profit</i>,</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This I speak for your own <i>profit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>1 Cor. vii. 35.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If you dare do yourself a <i>profit</i> and a
right.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Benefit; avail; service; improvement; advancement;
gain; emolument.</p>

<p><hw>Prof"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Profited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Profiting</u>.] [F. <i>profiter</i>. See <u>Profit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To be of service to; to be good to; to help
on; to benefit; to advantage; to avail; to aid; as, truth
<i>profits</i> all men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word preached did not <i>profit
them</i>.</blockquote> <i>Heb. iv. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a great means of <i>profiting</i> yourself, to
copy diligently excellent pieces and beautiful designs.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prof"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To gain advantage; to make improvement; to improve; to gain; to
advance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>profit</i> not by thy talk.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be of use or advantage; to do or bring
good.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Riches <i>profit</i> not in the day of
wrath.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xi. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prof"it*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>profitable</i>.] <def>Yielding or bringing profit or gain; gainful;
lucrative; useful; helpful; advantageous; beneficial; as, a
<i>profitable</i> trade; <i>profitable</i> business; a
<i>profitable</i> study or profession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What was so <i>profitable</i> to the empire became
fatal to the<BR>
emperor.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Prof"it*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Prof"it*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Prof"it*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gain; advantage;
profit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That thy <i>profiting</i> may appear to
all.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. iv. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prof"it*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without profit;
unprofitable.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prof"li*ga*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Profligate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The quality of state of
being profligate; a profligate or very vicious course of life; a state
of being abandoned in moral principle and in vice;
dissoluteness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prof"li*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>profligatus</i>, p. p. of <i>profligare</i> to strike or dash to
the ground, to destroy; <i>pro</i> before + a word akin to
<i>fligere</i> to strike. See <u>Afflict</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Overthrown; beaten; conquered.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The foe is <i>profligate</i>, and run.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Broken down in respect of rectitude,
principle, virtue, or decency; openly and shamelessly immoral or
vicious; dissolute; as, <i>profligate</i> man or wretch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A race more <i>profligate</i> than we.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Made prostitute and <i>profligate</i>
muse.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abandoned; corrupt; dissolute; vitiated; depraved;
vicious; wicked. See <u>Abandoned</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Prof"li*gate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An abandoned
person; one openly and shamelessly vicious; a dissolute person.</def>
"Such a <i>profligate</i> as Antony."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prof"li*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drive
away; to overcome.</def> [A Latinism] [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prof"li*gate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
profligate manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prof"li*gate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being profligate; an abandoned course of life;
profligacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prof`li*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>profligatio</i>.] <def>Defeat; rout; overthrow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prof"lu*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>profluentia</i>.] <def>Quality of being profluent; course.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prof"lu*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>profluens</i>, p. pr. of <i>profluere</i>; <i>pro</i> forward +
<i>fluere</i> to flow.] <def>Flowing forward,</def> [R.] "In the
<i>profluent</i> stream."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*found"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>profond</i>, L.
<i>profundus</i>; pro before, forward + <i>fundus</i> the bottom. See
<u>Found</u> to establish, <u>Bottom</u> lowest part.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Descending far below the surface; opening or
reaching to a great depth; deep.</def> "A gulf <i>profound</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intellectually deep; entering far into
subjects; reaching to the bottom of a matter, or of a branch of
learning; thorough; as, a <i>profound</i> investigation or treatise; a
<i>profound</i> scholar; <i>profound</i> wisdom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by intensity; deeply felt;
pervading; overmastering; far-reaching; strongly impressed; as, a
<i>profound</i> sleep.</def> "<i>Profound</i> sciatica."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of the <i>profound</i> corruption of this class there
can be no doubt.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Bending low, exhibiting or expressing deep
humility; lowly; submissive; as, a <i>profound</i> bow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What humble gestures! What <i>profound</i>
reverence!</blockquote> <i>Duppa.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*found"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The deep; the sea; the ocean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God in the fathomless <i>profound</i><BR>
Hath all this choice commanders drowned.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An abyss.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*found"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to sink
deeply; to cause to dive or penetrate far down.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*found"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dive deeply;
to penetrate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*found"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a profound
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why sigh you so <i>profoundly</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*found"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being profound; profundity; depth.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ful"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i>
+ L. <i>fulgere</i> to shine.] <def>Shining forth; brilliant;
effulgent.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Profulgent</i> in preciousness."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fun"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ties</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>profunditas</i>: cf. F.
<i>profondite</i>. See <u>Profound</u>.] <def>The quality or state of
being profound; depth of place, knowledge, feeling, etc.</def> "The
vast <i>profundity</i> obscure."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>profusus</i>,
p. p. of <i>profundere</i> to pour forth or out; <i>pro</i> forward,
forth + <i>fundere</i> to pour: cf. F. <i>profus</i>. See <u>Fuse</u>
to melt.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pouring forth with fullness or
exuberance; bountiful; exceedingly liberal; giving without stint; as,
a <i>profuse</i> government; <i>profuse</i> hospitality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A green, shady bank, <i>profuse</i> of
flowers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Superabundant; excessive; prodigal; lavish;
as, <i>profuse</i> expenditure.</def> "<i>Profuse</i> ornament."
<i>Kames.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lavish; exuberant; bountiful; prodigal; extravagant.
-- <u>Profuse</u>, <u>Lavish</u>, <u>Prodigal</u>. <i>Profuse</i>
denotes pouring out (as money, etc.) with great fullness or freeness;
as, <i>profuse</i> in his expenditures, thanks, promises, etc.
<i>Lavish</i> is stronger, implying unnecessary or wasteful excess;
as, <i>lavish</i> of his bounties, favors, praises, etc.
<i>Prodigal</i> is stronger still, denoting unmeasured or reckless
profusion; as, <i>prodigal</i> of one's strength, life, or blood, to
secure some object.  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pour out;
to give or spend liberally; to lavish; to squander.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fuse"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a profuse
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fuse"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Extravagance;
profusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hospitality sometimes degenerates into
<i>profuseness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>profusio</i>:
cf. F. <i>profusion</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of one who is profuse; a lavishing
or pouring out without sting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy vast <i>profusion</i> to the factious
nobles?</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abundance; exuberant plenty; lavish supply;
as, a <i>profusion</i> of commodities.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*fu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Profuse;
lavish; prodigal.</def>[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prog</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Progged</u> (&?;). <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Progging</u>.] [Cf. D. <i>prachen</i>, G. <i>prachern</i>, Dan.
<i>prakke</i>, Sw. <i>pracka</i>, to beg, L. <i>procare</i>,
<i>procari</i>, to ask, demand, and E. <i>prowl</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wander about and beg; to seek food or other
supplies by low arts; to seek for advantage by mean shift or
tricks.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><blockquote>A perfect artist in <i>progging</i> for
money.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have been endeavoring to <i>prog</i> for
you.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To steal; to rob; to filch.</def> [Low]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To prick; to goad; to progue.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Prog</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Victuals got by begging, or vagrancy; victuals of any kind; food;
supplies.</def> [Slang]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So long as he picked from the filth his
<i>prog</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vagrant beggar; a tramp.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A goal; progue.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*gen"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>progeneratus</i>, p. p. of <i>progenerare</i> to beget; <i>pro</i>
forth, forward + <i>generare</i> to generate.] <def>To beget; to
generate; to produce; to procreate; as, to <i>progenerate</i> a
race.</def> [R.]  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*gen`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>progeneratio</i>.] <def>The act of begetting; propagation.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*gen"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>progeniteur</i>, L. <i>progenitor</i>, fr. <i>progignere</i>,
<i>progenitum</i>, to bring forth, to beget; <i>pro</i> forth +
<i>gignere</i> to beget. See <u>Gender</u> kind.] <def>An ancestor in
the direct line; a forefather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And reverence thee their great
<i>progenitor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*gen"i*tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a progenitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*gen"i*tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
progenitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*gen"i*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>prog&eacute;niture</i>.] <def>A begetting, or birth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Prog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>progenie</i>,
F. <i>prog&eacute;nie</i>, fr. L. <i>progenies</i>, fr.
<i>progignere</i>. See <u>Progenitor</u>.] <def>Descendants of the
human kind, or offspring of other animals; children; offspring; race,
lineage.</def> " Issued from the <i>progeny</i> of kings."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*glot"tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>
<def>Proglottis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*glot"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Proglottides</b></plw> (#). [NL. fr. Gr. &?; the tip of the
tongue; &?; forward + &?; the tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>One of
the free, or nearly free, segments of a tapeworm. It contains both
male and female reproductive organs, and is capable of a brief
independent existence.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Prog"na*thi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Prognathous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>A comprehensive group of
mankind, including those that have prognathous jaws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prog*nath"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Prognathous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prog"na*thism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Projection of the jaws.</def> -- <wf>Prog"na*thy</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>
</p>

<p><hw>Prog"na*thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; before +
&?; the jaw] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the jaws projecting beyond the
upper part of the face; -- opposed to <i>orthognathous</i>. See
<i>Gnathic index</i>, under <u>Gnathic</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their countenances had the true <i>prognathous</i>
character.</blockquote> <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1145 !></p>

<p><hw>Prog"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a swallow,
traditionally said to be fr. <i>Progne</i> (The sister of Philomela),
who was changed into a swallow, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A swallow.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
genus of swallows including the purple martin. See
<u>Martin</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An American butterfly
(<i>Polygonia, or Vanessa, Progne</i>). It is orange and black above,
grayish beneath, with an <universbold>L</universbold>-shaped silver
mark on the hind wings. Called also <i>gray comma</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prog*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to know beforehand; &?; before + &?; to know. See
<u>Know</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act or art of foretelling the
course and termination of a disease; also, the outlook afforded by
this act of judgment; as, the <i>prognosis</i> of hydrophobia is
bad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prog*nos"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Prognosis</u>.] <def>Indicating something future by signs or
symptoms; foreshowing; aiding in prognosis; as, the <i>prognostic</i>
symptoms of a disease; <i>prognostic</i> signs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prog*nos"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prognosticum</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>pronostic</i>,
<i>prognostic</i>. See <u>Prognostic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which prognosticates; a sign by which
a future event may be known or foretold; an indication; a sign or
omen; hence, a foretelling; a prediction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That choice would inevitably be considered by the
country<BR>
as a <i>prognostic</i> of the highest import.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sign or symptom indicating
the course and termination of a disease.</def>  <i>Parr.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sign; omen; presage; token; indication.</p>

<p><hw>Prog*nos"tic</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
prognosticate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prog*nos"tic*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being prognosticated or foretold.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prog*nos"ti*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Prognosticated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Prognosticating</u>.] [See
<u>Prognostic</u>.] <def>To indicate as future; to foretell from signs
or symptoms; to prophesy; to foreshow; to predict; as, to
<i>prognosticate</i> evil.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I neither will nor can <i>prognosticate</i><BR>
To the young gaping heir his father's fate.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To foreshow; foretoken; betoken; forebode; presage;
predict; prophesy.</p>

<p><hw>Prog*nos`ti*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>prognostication</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of foreshowing or foretelling
something future by present signs; prediction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which foreshows; a foretoken.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prog*nos"ti*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
prognosticates; a foreknower or foreteller of a future course or event
by present signs.</def>  <i>Isa. xlvii. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Programme</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*gram"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Programmata</b></plw> (#). [ L. See <u>Programme</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>Any law, which, after
it had passed the Athenian senate, was fixed on a tablet for public
inspection previously to its being proposed to the general assembly of
the people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An edict published for public information;
an official bulletin; a public proclamation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Programme</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A preface.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"gramme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>programma</i>
a public proclamation, manifesto, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to write before or
in public; &?; before, forth + &?; to write; cf. F. <i>programme</i>.
See <u>Graphic</u>.] <def>That which is written or printed as a public
notice or advertisement; a scheme; a prospectus; especially, a brief
outline or explanation of the order to be pursued, or the subjects
embraced, in any public exercise, performance, or entertainment; a
preliminary sketch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Programme music</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>descriptive
instrumental music which requires an argument or programme to explain
the meaning of its several movements.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prog"ress</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>progressus</i>, from <i>progredi</i>, p. p. <i>progressus</i>, to
go forth or forward; <i>pro</i> forward + <i>gradi</i> to step, go:
cf. F. <i>progr&egrave;s</i>. See <u>Grade</u>.]</p>

<p>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A moving or going forward; a proceeding
onward; an advance</def>; specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In
actual space, as the <i>progress</i> of a ship, carriage, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In the growth of an animal or plant;
increase.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In business of any kind; as,
the <i>progress</i> of a negotiation; the <i>progress</i> of
art.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>In knowledge; in proficiency; as,
the <i>progress</i> of a child at school.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<def>Toward ideal completeness or perfection in respect of quality or
condition; -- applied to individuals, communities, or the race; as,
social, moral, religious, or political <i>progress</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A journey of state; a circuit; especially,
one made by a sovereign through parts of his own dominions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king being returned from his
<i>progresse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*gress"</hw> (?; <i>formerly pronounced like</i>
<u>Progress</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Progressed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Progressing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make progress; to move forward in space;
to continue onward in course; to proceed; to advance; to go on; as,
railroads are <i>progressing</i>.</def> "As his recovery
<i>progressed</i>."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me wipe off this honorable dew,<BR>
That silverly doth <i>progress</i> on thy checks.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>progress</i> in that style in proportion as
their pieces are treated with contempt.</blockquote>
<i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The war had <i>progressed</i> for some
time.</blockquote> <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make improvement; to advance.</def>
<i>Bayard.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If man <i>progresses</i>, art must <i>progress</i>
too.</blockquote> <i>Caird.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prog"ress</hw> (?; see <u>Progress</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make progress in; to
pass through.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*gres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>progressio</i>: cf. F. <i>progression</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of moving forward; a proceeding in
a course; motion onward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Course; passage; lapse or process of
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hope, in a short <i>progression</i>, you will be
wholly immerged in the delices and joys of religion.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Regular or proportional
advance in increase or decrease of numbers; continued proportion,
arithmetical, geometrical, or harmonic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A regular succession of tones
or chords; the movement of the parts in harmony; the order of the
modulations in a piece from key to key.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arithmetical progression</b></col>, <cd>a progression in
which the terms increase or decrease by equal differences, as the
numbers &lbrace2;<matrix2x5><row>2, 4, 6, 8, 10</row><row>10, 8, 6, 4,
2</row></matrix2x5>&rbrace2; by the difference 2.</cd></p>

<p> -- <col><b>Geometrical progression</b></col>, <cd>a progression in
which the terms increase or decrease by equal ratios, as the numbers
&lbrace2;<matrix2x5><row>2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64</row><row>64, 32, 16, 8,
4, 2</row></matrix2x5>&rbrace2; by a continual multiplication or
division by 2.</cd></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Harmonic progression</b></col>, <cd>a progression in
which the terms are the reciprocals of quantities in arithmetical
progression, as &frac12;, &frac14;, &frac16;, &frac18;,
&frac1x10;.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*gres"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to progression; tending to, or capable of,
progress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*gres"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who holds to a belief in the
progression of society toward perfection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who maintains the doctrine of
progression in organic forms; -- opposed to
<i>uniformitarian</i>.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prog"ress*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes, or holds to, progress; a progressionist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*gress"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>progressif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving forward; proceeding onward;
advancing; evincing progress; increasing; as, <i>progressive</i>
motion or course; -- opposed to <i>retrograde</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Improving; as, art is in a
<i>progressive</i> state.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Progressive euchre</b></col> or <col><b>whist</b></col>,
<cd>a way of playing at card parties, by which after every game, the
losers at the first table go to the last table, and the winners at all
the tables, except the first, move up to the next table.</cd> --
<col><b>Progressive muscular atrophy</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
nervous disorder characterized by continuous atrophy of the
muscles.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pro*gress"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pro*gress"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Progue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To prog.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Progue</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp point; a
goad.</def> [Scot. &amp; Local, U. S.] -- <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
prick; to goad.</def> [ Scot. &amp; Local, U. S.].</p>

<p><hw>Pro"heme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Proem.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*hib"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prohibited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prohibiting</u>.] [L. <i>prohibitus</i>, p. p. of <i>prohibere</i>
to prohibit; <i>pro</i> before, forth + <i>habere</i> to have, hold.
See <u>Habit</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To forbid by authority; to interdict; as,
God <i>prohibited</i> Adam from eating of the fruit of a certain tree;
we <i>prohibit</i> a person from doing a thing, and also the doing of
the thing; as, the law <i>prohibits</i> men from stealing, or it
<i>prohibits</i> stealing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Prohibit</i> was formerly followed by <i>to</i> with the
infinitive, but is now commonly followed by <i>from</i> with the
verbal noun in <i>-ing</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hinder; to debar; to prevent; to
preclude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gates of burning adamant,<BR>
Barred over us, <i>prohibit</i> all egress.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To forbid; interdict; debar; prevent; hinder.  --
<u>Prohibit</u>, <u>Forbid</u>. To <i>forbid</i> is Anglo-Saxon, and
is more familiar; to <i>prohibit</i> is Latin, and is more formal or
official. A parent <i>forbids</i> his child to be out late at night;
he <i>prohibits</i> his intercourse with the profane and vicious.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*hib"it*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
prohibits or forbids; a forbidder; an interdicter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`hi*bi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prohibitio</i>: cf. F. <i>prohibition</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of prohibiting; a declaration or
injunction forbidding some action; interdict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law of God, in the ten commandments, consists
mostly of <i>prohibitions</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the forbidding by law of the
sale of alcoholic liquors as beverages.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Writ of prohibition</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a writ
issued by a superior tribunal, directed to an inferior court,
commanding the latter to cease from the prosecution of a suit
depending before it.</cd>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; By ellipsis, <i>prohibition</i> is used for the writ
itself.</p>

<p><hw>Pro`hi*bi"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who favors prohibitory duties on
foreign goods in commerce; a protectionist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who favors the prohibition of the sale
(or of the sale and manufacture) of alcoholic liquors as
beverages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*hib"it*ive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>prohibitif</i>.] <def>That prohibits; prohibitory; as, a tax whose
effect is <i>prohibitive</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*hib"it*o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prohibitorius</i>.] <def>Tending to prohibit, forbid, or exclude;
implying prohibition; forbidding; as, a <i>prohibitory</i> law; a
<i>prohibitory</i> price.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Prohibitory index</b></col>. <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Index</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Proin</hw> (proin), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Prune</u>
to trim.] <def>To lop; to trim; to prune; to adorn.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sprigs that did about it grow<BR>
He <i>proined</i> from the leafy arms.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To employed in
pruning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Proj"ect</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>project</i>, F. <i>projet</i>, fr. L. <i>projectus</i>, p. p. of
<i>projicere</i> to project; <i>pro</i> forward + <i>jacere</i> to
throw. See <u>Jet</u> a shooting forth, and cf. <u>Projet</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The place from which a thing projects, or
starts forth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is projected or designed;
something intended or devised; a scheme; a design; a plan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vented much policy, and <i>projects</i>
deep.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Projects</i> of happiness devised by human
reason.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He entered into the <i>project</i> with his customary
ardor.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An idle scheme; an impracticable design;
as, a man given to <i>projects</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Design; scheme; plan; purpose.  -- <u>Project</u>,
<u>Design</u>.  A <i>project</i> is something of a practical nature
thrown out for consideration as to its being done. A <i>design</i> is
a project when matured and settled, as a thing to be accomplished. An
ingenious man has many <i>projects</i>, but, if governed by sound
sense, will be slow in forming them into <i>designs</i>. See also
<u>Scheme</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*ject"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Projected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Projecting</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>projecter</i>, F.
<i>projeter</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw or cast forward; to shoot
forth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before his feet herself she did
<i>project</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold! th' ascending villas on my side<BR>
<i>Project</i> long shadows o'er the crystal tide.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cast forward or revolve in the mind; to
contrive; to devise; to scheme; as, to <i>project</i> a
plan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What sit then <i>projecting</i> peace and
war?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Persp.)</i> <def>To draw or exhibit, as the
form of anything; to delineate; as, to <i>project</i> a sphere, a map,
an ellipse, and the like; -- sometimes with <i>on</i>, <i>upon</i>,
<i>into</i>, etc.; as, to <i>project</i> a line or point upon a plane.
See <u>Projection</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ject"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shoot forward; to extend beyond
something else; to be prominent; to jut; as, the cornice
<i>projects</i>; branches <i>project</i> from the tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form a project; to scheme.</def> [R.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ject"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>projectile</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Projecting or impelling forward; as, a
<i>projectile</i> force.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Caused or imparted by impulse or
projection; impelled forward; as, <i>projectile</i> motion.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ject"ile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>projectile</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A body projected, or impelled forward, by
force; especially, a missile adapted to be shot from a
firearm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A part of
mechanics which treats of the motion, range, time of flight, etc., of
bodies thrown or driven through the air by an impelling
force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*jec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>projectio</i>: cf. F. <i>projection</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of throwing or shooting
forward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A jutting out; also, a part jutting out, as
of a building; an extension beyond something else.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of scheming or planning; also, that
which is planned; contrivance; design; plan.</def>
<i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Persp.)</i> <def>The representation of
something; delineation; plan; especially, the representation of any
object on a perspective plane, or such a delineation as would result
were the chief points of the object thrown forward upon the plane,
each in the direction of a line drawn through it from a given point of
sight, or central point; as, the <i>projection</i> of a sphere. The
several kinds of projection differ according to the assumed point of
sight and plane of projection in each.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>Any method of representing
the surface of the earth upon a plane.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Conical projection</b></col>, <cd>a mode of representing
the sphere, the <i>spherical surface</i> being projected upon the
surface of a cone tangent to the sphere, the point of sight being at
the center of the sphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Cylindric
projection</b></col>, <cd>a mode of representing the sphere, the
<i>spherical surface</i> being projected upon the surface of a
cylinder touching the sphere, the point of sight being at the center
of the sphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Globular</b></col>,
<col><b>Gnomonic</b></col>, <col><b>Orthographic</b></col>,
<col><b>projection</b></col>,etc. <cd>See under <u>Globular</u>,
<u>Gnomonic</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Mercator's projection</b></col>,
<cd>a mode of representing the sphere in which the meridians are drawn
parallel to each other, and the parallels of latitude are straight
lines whose distance from each other increases with their distance
from the equator, so that at all places the degrees of latitude and
longitude have to each other the same ratio as on the sphere
itself.</cd> -- <col><b>Oblique projection</b></col>, <cd>a projection
made by parallel lines drawn from every point of a figure and meeting
the plane of projection obliquely.</cd> -- <col><b>Polar
projection</b></col>, <cd>a projection of the sphere in which the
point of sight is at the center, and the plane of projection passes
through one of the polar circles.</cd> -- <col><b>Powder of
projection</b></col> <i>(Alchemy.)</i>, <cd>a certain powder cast into
a crucible or other vessel containing prepared metal or other matter
which is to be thereby transmuted into gold.</cd> --
<col><b>Projection of a point on a plane</b></col> <i>(Descriptive
Geom.)</i>, <cd>the foot of a perpendicular to the plane drawn through
the point.</cd> -- <col><b>Projection of a straight line of a
plane</b></col>, <cd>the straight line of the plane connecting the
feet of the perpendiculars let fall from the extremities of the given
line.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Protuberance</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*ject"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Design;
contrivance; projection.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ject"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>projeteur</i>.] <def>One who projects a scheme or design; hence,
one who forms fanciful or chimerical schemes.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*jec"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>projectura</i>: cf. F. <i>projecture</i>.] <def>A jutting out
beyond a surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`jet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Project</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A plan proposed; a draft of
a proposed measure; a project.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To poke; to
thrust.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lapse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>prolapsus</i>,
fr. <i>prolapsus</i>, p. p. of <i>prolabi</i> to fall forward;
<i>pro</i> forward + <i>labi</i> to glide, fall.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The falling down of a part through the orifice with which it is
naturally connected, especially of the uterus or the rectum.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lapse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall down or
out; to protrude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lap"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prolapsio</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Prolapse.</def> [ Written also
<i>prolaption</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*lap"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Prolapse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>prolatus</i>,
used as p. p. of <i>proferre</i> to bring forth, to extend; <i>pro +
latus</i>, p. p. See <u>Pro-</u>, and <u>Tolerate</u>. ]
<def>Stretched out; extended; especially, elongated in the direction
of a line joining the poles; as, a <i>prolate</i> spheroid; -- opposed
to <i>oblate</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prolate cycloid</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Cycloid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prolate ellipsoid</b></col> or
<col><b>spheroid</b></col><cd> <i>(Geom.)</i>, a figure generated by
the revolution of an ellipse about its major axis. See <i>Ellipsoid of
revolution</i>, under <u>Ellipsoid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*late"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter; to
pronounce.</def> [Obs.] "Foun-der-ed; <i>prolate</i> it right."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>prolatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>prolation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of prolating or pronouncing;
utterance; pronunciation.</def> [Obs.] <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of deferring; delay.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A medi&aelig;val method of
determining of the proportionate duration of semibreves and
minims.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*la"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prolata</b></plw> (#). [ NL. See <u>Prolate</u>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A prolate spheroid. See <i>Ellipsoid of
revolution</i>, under <u>Ellipsoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"leg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i> for,
in place of + <i>leg</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the fleshy
legs found on the abdominal segments of the larv&aelig; of
Lepidoptera, sawflies, and some other insects. Those of Lepidoptera
have a circle of hooks. Called also <i>proped</i>, <i>propleg</i>, and
<i>falseleg</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"leg`ate</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prolegatus</i>; <i>pro</i> for + <i>legatus</i> legate.] <i>(Rom.
Hist.)</i> <def>The deputy or substitute for a legate.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1146 !></p>

<p><hw>Prol`e*gom"e*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of a prolegomenon; preliminary; introductory;
prefatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Prol`e*gom"e*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prolegomena</b></plw> (#). [ NL., fr. Gr. &?;, properly neut.
pass. p. pr. of &?; to say beforehand; &?; before + &?; to say.]
<def>A preliminary remark or observation; an introductory discourse
prefixed to a book or treatise.</def>  <i>D. Stokes (1659). Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*lep"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
from &?; to take beforehand; &?; before + &?; to take.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A figure
by which objections are anticipated or prevented.</def> <i>Abp.
Bramhall.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A necessary truth or
assumption; a first or assumed principle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chron.)</i> <def>An error in chronology,
consisting in an event being dated before the actual time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The application of an
adjective to a noun in anticipation, or to denote the result, of the
action of the verb; as, to strike one <i>dumb</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pro*lep"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Pro*lep"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>proleptique</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to prolepsis;
anticipative.</def> "A far-seeing or <i>proleptic</i> wisdom."  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Previous; antecedent.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Anticipating the usual time;
-- applied to a periodical disease whose paroxysms return at an
earlier hour at every repetition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lep"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
proleptical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lep"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The art and science of predicting in medicine.</def>
<i>Laycock.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`l&eacute;`taire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Proletary</u>.] <def>One of the common people; a low person; also,
the common people as a class or estate in a country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prol`e*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proletaneus</i>.] <def>Having a numerous offspring.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Prol`e*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proletarius</i>. See Proletary.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
proletaries; belonging to the commonalty; hence, mean; vile;
vulgar.</def> "Every citizen, if he were not a <i>proletarian</i>
animal kept at the public cost." <i>De Quincey.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A proletary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prol`e*ta"ri*at</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The
indigent class in the State; the body of proletarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prol`e*ta"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lower
classes; beggars.</def> "The Italian <i>proletariate</i>."  <i>J. A.
Symonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prol"e*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Proletaries</b></plw> (#). [ L. <i>proletarius</i>, fr.
<i>proles</i> offspring.  Cf. <u>Prol&eacute;taire</u>.] <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A citizen of the lowest class, who served the state,
not with property, but only by having children; hence, a common
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prol"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>proles</i>
offspring + <i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>The crime of destroying
one's offspring, either in the womb or after birth.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lif"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proles</i> offspring + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To produce or form cells;
especially, to produce cells rapidly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>To produce zooids by
budding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lif`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The continuous development
of cells in tissue formation; cell formation.</def>
<i>Virchow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The production of
numerous zooids by budding, especially when buds arise from other buds
in succession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>proles</i>
offspring + <i>-ferous</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing offspring; -- applied
to a flower from within which another is produced, or to a branch or
frond from which another rises, or to a plant which is reproduced by
buds or gemm&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Producing young by budding.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Producing sexual zooids by budding; -- said of the blastostyle of
a hydroid.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Producing a cluster of
branchlets from a larger branch; -- said of corals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Proliferous cyst</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a cyst that
produces highly-organized or even vascular structures.</cd>
<i>Paget.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pro*lif"er*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>prolifique</i>, fr. L. <i>proles</i> offspring (from <i>pro</i>
for, forward + the root of <i>alere</i> to nourish) + <i>facere</i> to
make. See <u>Adult</u>, <u>Old</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality of generating; producing
young or fruit; generative; fruitful; productive; -- applied to plants
producing fruit, animals producing young, etc.; -- usually with the
implied idea of frequent or numerous production; as, a <i>prolific</i>
tree, female, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Serving to produce; fruitful of results;
active; as, a <i>prolific</i> brain; a controversy <i>prolific</i> of
evil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Proliferous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lif"ic*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Prolificness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*lif"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing
young or fruit abundantly; fruitful; prolific.</def> --
<wf>Pro*lif"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lif"ic*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Prolific</u>.] <def>To make prolific; to fertilize; to
impregnate.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lif`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>prolification</i>, LL. <i>prolificatio</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The generation of young.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Reproduction by the growth of
a plant, or part of a plant, directly from an older one, or by
gemm&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lif"ic*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being prolific; fruitfulness; prolificacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lix"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prolixus</i> extended, long, prolix, probably fr. <i>pro</i>
before, forward + <i>liqui</i> to flow, akin to <i>liquidus</i>
liquid; cf. OL. <i>lixa</i> water: cf. F. <i>prolixe</i>. See
<u>Liquid</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extending to a great length; unnecessarily
long; minute in narration or argument; excessively particular in
detail; -- rarely used except with reference to discourse written or
spoken; as, a <i>prolix</i> oration; a <i>prolix</i> poem; a
<i>prolix</i> sermon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With wig <i>prolix</i>, down flowing to his
waist.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indulging in protracted discourse; tedious;
wearisome; -- applied to a speaker or writer.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Long; diffuse; prolonged; protracted; tedious;
tiresome; wearisome.  -- <u>Prolix</u>, <u>Diffuse</u>. A
<i>prolix</i> writer delights in circumlocution, extended detail, and
trifling particulars. A <i>diffuse</i> writer is fond of amplifying,
and abounds in epithets, figures, and illustrations.
<i>Diffuseness</i> often arises from an exuberance of imagination;
<i>prolixity</i> is generally connected with a want of it.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*lix"ious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dilatory;
tedious; superfluous.</def> [Obs.] "Lay by all nicety, and
<i>prolixious</i> blushes."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lix"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prolixitas</i>: cf. F. <i>prolixit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality
or state of being prolix; great length; minute detail; as,
<i>prolixity</i> in discourses and writings.</def> "For fulsomeness of
his <i>prolixitee</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Idly running on with vain
<i>prolixity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lix"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a prolix
manner.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lix"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Prolixity.</def>
<i>Adam Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proll</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Prowl</u>.]
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Prolled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Prolling</u>.] <def>To search or prowl after; to
rob; to plunder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proll</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To prowl about; to
rob.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though ye <i>prolle</i> aye, ye shall it never
find.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proll"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Prowler;
thief.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prol`o*cu"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>proloqui</i>, p. p. <i>prolocutus</i>, to speak out; <i>pro</i> for
+ <i>loqui</i> to speak.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who speaks for another.</def>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The presiding officer of a
convocation.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prol`o*cu"tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
of a prolocutor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"log</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos>
<def>Prologue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"lo*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Prologue</u>.] <def>To deliver a Prologue.</def> [R.]
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"lo*gi`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
prologizes.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro"logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>prologus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to say beforehand; &?; before +
&?; to say. See <u>Logic</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The preface or introduction to a discourse,
poem, or performance; as, the <i>prologue</i> of Chaucer's "Canterbury
Tales;"  esp., a discourse or poem spoken before a dramatic
performance</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who delivers a prologue.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"logue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prologued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prologuing</u>.] <def>To introduce with a formal preface, or
prologue.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*long"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prolonged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prolonging</u>.] [F. <i>prolonger</i>, L. <i>prolongare</i>;
<i>pro</i> before, forth + <i>longus</i> long. See <u>Long</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Prolongate</u>, <u>Purloin</u>. ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To extend in space or length; as, to
<i>prolong</i> a line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lengthen in time; to extend the duration
of; to draw out; to continue; as, to <i>prolong</i> one's
days.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Prolong</i> awhile the traitor's life.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The unhappy queen with talk <i>prolonged</i> the
night.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put off to a distant time; to
postpone.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*long"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being prolonged; as, life is <i>prolongable</i> by care.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each syllable being a <i>prolongable</i>
quantity.</blockquote> <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lon"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Prolongated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Prolongating</u>.] [L. <i>prolongatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>prolongare</i>. See <u>Prolong</u>.] <def>To prolong; to extend in
space or in time.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro`lon*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>prolongation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of lengthening in space or in time;
extension; protraction.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which forms an additional
length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*longe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Prolong</u>.] <i>(Field Artillery)</i> <def>A rope with a hook and
a toggle, sometimes used to drag a gun carriage or to lash it to the
limber, and for various other purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*long"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, causes an extension in time or space.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*long"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Prolongation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*lu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>prolusio</i>,
fr. <i>proludere</i> to prelude; <i>pro</i> before + <i>ludere</i> to
play: cf. F. <i>prolusion</i>, It. <i>prolusione</i>.] <def>A trial
before the principal performance; a prelude; hence, an introductory
essay or exercise.</def> "Domestic <i>prolusions</i>."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her presence was in some measure a restraint on the
worthy divine, whose <i>prolusion</i> lasted.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prom`a*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-
</i> + L. <i>manatio</i> a flowing, fr. <i>manare</i> to flow.]
<def>The act of flowing forth; emanation; efflux.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prom`e*nade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. (with a foreign
suffix), from <i>promener</i> to lead, take for a walk, <i>se
promener</i> to walk, from L. <i>prominare</i> to drive forward or
along; <i>pro</i> forward + <i>minare</i> to drive animals. See
<u>Amenable</u>, <u>Menace</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A walk for pleasure, display, or
exercise.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place for walking; a public walk.</def>
<i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prom`e*nade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Promenaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Promenading</u>.] <def>To walk for pleasure, display, or
exercise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prom`e*nad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
promenades.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*mer"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>promeritus</i>, p. p. of <i>promerere</i> to deserve; <i>pro</i>
before + <i>merere</i> to merit.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To oblige; to confer a favor on.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deserve; to procure by merit.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Prom"e*rops</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
before + &?; bee-eater.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of very brilliant birds belonging to <i>Promerops</i>,
<i>Epimarchus</i>, and allied genera, closely related to the paradise
birds, and mostly native of New Guinea. They have a long curved beak
and a long graduated tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*me"the*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Prometheus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large American bombycid
moth (<i>Callosamia promethea</i>). Its larva feeds on the sassafras,
wild cherry, and other trees, and suspends its cocoon from a branch by
a silken band.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*me"the*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Prometh</i>&?;<i>us</i>: cf. F.
<i>prom&eacute;th&eacute;en</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Prometheus. See
<u>Prometheus</u>.</def> "<i>Promethean</i> fire."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a life-giving quality;
inspiring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*me"the*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An apparatus for automatic ignition.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind of lucifer match.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*me"the*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
from &?; to have forethought for.] <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The son
of Iapetus (one of the Titans) and Clymene, fabled by the poets to
have surpassed all mankind in knowledge, and to have formed men of
clay to whom he gave life by means of fire stolen from heaven.
Jupiter, being angry at this, sent Mercury to bind Prometheus to Mount
Caucasus, where a vulture preyed upon his liver.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Prom"i*nence</hw> (?), <hw>Prom"i*nen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>prominentia</i>: cf. F. <i>prominence</i>.
See <u>Prominent</u>. ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being prominent; a
standing out from something; conspicuousness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is prominent; a
protuberance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Solar prominences</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Solar Protuberances</i>, under <u>Protuberance</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prom"i*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prominens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>prominere</i> to jut
out, to project; <i>pro</i> before, forward + <i>minere</i> (in comp.)
to jut, project: cf. F. <i>prominent</i>. See <u>Imminent</u>,
<u>Eminent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Standing out, or projecting, beyond the
line surface of something; jutting; protuberant; in high relief; as, a
<i>prominent</i> figure on a vase.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence; Distinctly manifest; likely to
attract attention from its size or position; conspicuous; as, a
<i>prominent</i> feature of the face; a <i>prominent</i>
building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Eminent; distinguished above others; as, a
<i>prominent</i> character.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prominent' moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any moth
of the family <i>Notodontid&aelig;</i>; a notodontian; -- so called
because the larva has a hump or prominence on its back. Several of the
species are injurious to fruit trees.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prom"i*nent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a prominent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`mis*cu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Promiscuousness; confusion.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*mis"cu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>promiscuus</i>; <i>pro</i> before, in place of, for +
<i>miscere</i> to mix. See <u>Mix</u>. ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of individuals united in a body
or mass without order; mingled; confused; undistinguished; as, a
<i>promiscuous</i> crowd or mass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wild, where weeds and flowers <i>promiscuous</i>
shoot.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Distributed or applied without order or
discrimination; not restricted to an individual; common;
indiscriminate; as, <i>promiscuous</i> love or intercourse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*mis"cu*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
promiscuous manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*mis"cu*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being promiscuous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prom"ise</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>promesse</i>, L.
<i>promissum</i>, fr. <i>promittere</i>, <i>promissum</i>, to put
forth, foretell, promise; <i>pro</i> forward, for + <i>mittere</i> to
send. See <u>Mission</u>. ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In general, a declaration, written or
verbal, made by one person to another, which binds the person who
makes it to do, or to forbear to do, a specified act; a declaration
which gives to the person to whom it is made a right to expect or to
claim the performance or forbearance of a specified act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For if the inheritance be of the law, it is no more of
<i>promise</i>: but God gave it to Abraham by
<i>promise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gal. iii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An engagement by one person to
another, either in words or in writing, but properly not under seal,
for the performance or nonperformance of some particular thing.  The
word <i>promise</i> is used to denote the mere engagement of a person,
without regard to the consideration for it, or the corresponding duty
of the party to whom it is made.</def>  <i>Chitty. Parsons.
Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which causes hope, expectation, or
assurance; especially, that which affords expectation of future
distinction; as, a youth of great <i>promise</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My native country was full of youthful
<i>promise</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Bestowal, fulfillment, or grant of what is
promised.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . commanded them that they should not depart
from Jerusalem, but wait for the <i>promise</i> of the
Father.</blockquote> <i>Acts i. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prom"ise</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Promised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Promising</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To engage to do, give, make, or to refrain
from doing, giving, or making, or the like; to covenant; to engage;
as, to <i>promise</i> a visit; to <i>promise</i> a cessation of
hostilities; to <i>promise</i> the payment of money.</def> "To
<i>promise</i> aid."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To afford reason to expect; to cause hope
or assurance of; as, the clouds <i>promise</i> rain.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make declaration of or give assurance
of, as some benefit to be conferred; to pledge or engage to bestow;
as, the proprietors <i>promised</i> large tracts of land; the city
<i>promised</i> a reward.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Promised land</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Land of promise</i>,
under <u>Land</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To promise one's self</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To resolve; to determine; to vow</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be assured; to have strong
confidence.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I dare <i>promise myself</i> you will attest the truth
of all I have advanced.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prom"ise</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give assurance by a promise, or binding
declaration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To afford hopes or expectation; to give
ground to expect good; rarely, to give reason to expect
evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will not the ladies be afeard of the lion?<BR>
I fear it, I <i>promise</i> you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prom`is*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The person to whom a promise is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prom"is*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
promises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prom"is*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making a promise or
promises; affording hope or assurance; as, <i>promising</i> person; a
<i>promising</i> day.</def> -- <wf>Prom"is*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Prom"is*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One
who engages or undertakes; a promiser.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*mis"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making a
promise; implying a promise; promising.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 1147 !></p>

<p><hw>Prom"is*so*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
promissory manner.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prom"is*so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing a
promise or binding declaration of something to be done or
forborne.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Promissory note</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a written
promise to pay to some person named, and at a time specified therein,
or on demand, or at sight, a certain sum of money, absolutely and at
all events; -- frequently called a <i>note of hand</i>.</cd>  <i>Kent.
Byles. Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prom"ont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Promontory.</def>
[R.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prom"on*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Promontories</b></plw> (#). [ L. <i>promonturium</i>,
<i>promunturium</i>; <i>pro</i> before + <i>mons</i>, <i>montis</i>,
mountain: cf. F. <i>promontoire</i>. See <u>Mount</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>A high point of land
or rock projecting into the sea beyond the line of coast; a headland;
a high cape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like one that stands upon a
<i>promontory</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A projecting part.
Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The projecting angle of the ventral
side of the sacrum where it joins the last lumbar vertebra.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A prominence on the inner wall of the tympanum of
the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*mor`pho*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Relating to promorphology; as, a
<i>promorphological</i> conception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`mor*phol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One versed in the science of
promorphology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`mor*phol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-
</i> + <i>morphology</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Crystallography of
organic forms; -- a division of morphology created by Haeckel. It is
essentially stereometric, and relates to a mathematical conception of
organic forms. See <u>Tectology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*mote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Promoted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Promoting</u>.] [L. <i>promotus</i>, p. p. of <i>promovere</i> to
move forward, to promote; <i>pro</i> forward + <i>movere</i> to move.
See <u>Move</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To contribute to the growth, enlargement,
or prosperity of (any process or thing that is in course); to forward;
to further; to encourage; to advance; to excite; as, to <i>promote</i>
learning; to <i>promote</i> disorder; to <i>promote</i> a business
venture.</def> "Born to <i>promote</i> all truth."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exalt in station, rank, or honor; to
elevate; to raise; to prefer; to advance; as, to <i>promote</i> an
officer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>promote</i> thee unto very great
honor.</blockquote> <i>Num. xxii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Exalt her, and she shall <i>promote</i>
thee.</blockquote> <i>Prov. iv. 18.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To forward; advance; further; patronize; help;
exalt; prefer; elevate; dignify.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*mote"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To urge on or
incite another, as to strife; also, to inform against a person.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*mot"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, forwards, advances, or promotes; an
encourager; as, a <i>promoter</i> of charity or philosophy.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, one who sets on foot, and
takes the preliminary steps in, a scheme for the organization of a
corporation, a joint-stock company, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who excites; as, a <i>promoter</i> of
sedition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An informer; a makebate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*mo"tion</hw> (-m&omacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>promotio</i>: cf. F. <i>promotion</i>.] <def>The act of
promoting, advancing, or encouraging; the act of exalting in rank or
honor; also, the condition of being advanced, encouraged, or exalted
in honor; preferment.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Promotion</i> cometh neither from the east, nor from
the west, nor from the south.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxv. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*mo"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
advance, promote, or encourage.</def>  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*move"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Promote</u>.] <def>To move forward; to advance; to promote.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*mov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
promoter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prompt</hw> (pr&obreve;mt; 215), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Prompter</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Promptest</u>.] [F. <i>prompt</i>, L.
<i>promptus</i>, properly, brought forth (to light or view), hence,
visible, evident, at hand, ready, quick, -- p. p. of <i>promere</i> to
take or bring forth; <i>pro</i> forth + <i>emere</i> to take. See
<u>Redeem</u>. ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ready and quick to act as occasion demands;
meeting requirements readily; not slow, dilatory, or hesitating in
decision or action; responding on the instant; immediate; as,
<i>prompt</i> in obedience or compliance; -- said of
persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Very discerning and <i>prompt</i> in giving
orders.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tell him I am <i>prompt</i><BR>
To lay my crown at's feet.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And you, perhaps, too <i>prompt</i> in your
replies.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done or rendered quickly, readily, or
immediately; given without delay or hesitation; -- said of conduct;
as, <i>prompt</i> assistance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Washington heard the voice of his country in
distress,<BR>
his obedience was <i>prompt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ames.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Easy; unobstructed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The reception of the light into the body of the
building was very <i>prompt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ready; expeditious; quick; agile; alert; brisk;
nimble.  -- <u>Prompt</u>, <u>Ready</u>, <u>Expeditious</u>. One who
is <i>ready</i> is prepared to act at the moment. One who is
<i>prompt</i> acts at the moment. One who is <i>expeditious</i>
carries through an undertaking with constant promptness.</p>

<p><hw>Prompt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A limit of
time given for payment of an account for produce purchased, this limit
varying with different goods. See <u>Prompt-note</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To cover any probable difference of price which might
arise before the expiration of the <i>prompt</i>, which for this
article [tea] is three months.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prompt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prompted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prompting</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To assist or induce the action of; to move
to action; to instigate; to incite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God first . . . <i>prompted</i> on the infirmities of
the infant world by temporal prosperity.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suggest; to dictate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And whispering angles <i>prompt</i> her golden
dreams.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remind, as an actor or an orator, of
words or topics forgotten.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prompt"-book`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The book
used by a prompter of a theater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prompt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, prompts; one who
admonishes or incites to action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who reminds another, as an actor or an
orator, of the words to be spoken next; specifically, one employed for
this purpose in a theater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prompt"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>promptitudo</i>. See <u>Prompt</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The
quality of being prompt; quickness of decision and action when
occasion demands; alacrity; as, <i>promptitude</i> in
obedience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of action, of <i>promptitude</i>, and of
courage.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prompt"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a prompt
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prompt"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Promptitude; readiness; quickness of
decision or action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cheerful willingness; alacrity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prompt"-note`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i>
<def>A memorandum of a sale, and time when payment is due, given to
the purchaser at a sale of goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Promp"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to preparation.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Promp"tu*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>promptuarium</i>, fr. <i>promptuarius</i> belonging to
distribution, distributing: cf, F. <i>promptuaire</i>. See
<u>Prompt</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>That from which supplies are
drawn; a storehouse; a magazine; a repository.</def>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Promp"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Prompt</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Suggestion; incitement;
prompting.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak. Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*mul"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Promulgated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Promulgating</u>.] [L. <i>promulgatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>promulgare</i> to promulgate; of unknown origin.  Cf.
<u>Promulge</u>.] <def>To make known by open declaration, as laws,
decrees, or tidings; to publish; as, to <i>promulgate</i> the secrets
of a council.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To publish; declare; proclaim. See
<u>Announce</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro`mul*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>promulgatio</i>: cf. F. <i>promulgation</i>.] <def>The act of
promulgating; publication; open declaration; as, the
<i>promulgation</i> of the gospel.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"mul*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
promulgates or publishes.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*mulge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Promulged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Promulging</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>promulguer</i>. See
<u>Promulgate</u>.] <def>To promulgate; to publish or teach.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Extraordinary doctrines these for the age in which they
were <i>promulged</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*mul"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
promulges or publishes what was before unknown.</def>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*mus"cis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., corruption of
<i>proboscis</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The proboscis of
hemipterous insects. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Hemiptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*na"os</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;;
&?; before + &?; temple.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The porch or vestibule
of a temple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pronatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>pronare</i> to bend forward. See <i>Prone</i>.] <def>Somewhat
prone; inclined; as, <i>pronate</i> trees.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pronation</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act
of turning the palm or palmar surface of the forefoot downward.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That motion of the forearm whereby the palm
or palmar, surface is turned downward.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The position of the limb resulting from the act of pronation.
Opposed to <i>supination</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*na"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A muscle which produces pronation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prone</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pronus</i>, akin to
Gr. &?;, &?;, Skr. <i>pravana</i> sloping, inclined, and also to L.
<i>pro</i> forward, for. See <u>Pro-</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bending forward; inclined; not
erect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Towards him they bend<BR>
With awful reverence <i>prone</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Prostrate; flat; esp., lying with the face
down; -- opposed to <i>supine</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which, as the wind,<BR>
Blew where it listed, laying all things <i>prone</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Headlong; running downward or
headlong.</def> "Down thither <i>prone</i> in flight."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sloping, with reference to a line or
surface; declivous; inclined; not level.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since the floods demand,<BR>
For their descent, a <i>prone</i> and sinking land.</blockquote>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Inclined; propense; disposed; -- applied to
the mind or affections, usually in an ill sense. Followed by
<i>to</i>.</def> "<i>Prone</i> to mischief."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Poets are nearly all <i>prone</i> to
melancholy.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prone"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a prone manner or
position.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prone"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being prone, or of
bending downward; as, the <i>proneness</i> of beasts is opposed to the
erectness of man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of lying with the face down; --
opposed to <i>supineness</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Descent; declivity; as, the
<i>proneness</i> of a hill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Inclination of mind, heart, or temper;
propension; disposition; as, <i>proneness</i> to self-
gratification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*neph"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the pronephros.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*neph"ros</hw> (?), <hw>||Pro*neph"ron</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [ NL., fr. Gr. &?; before + &?; a kidney.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The head kidney. See under <u>Head</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>prangen</i> to
pinch, press, LG. <i>prange</i> a stick, or W. <i>procio</i> to
thrust, E. <i>prowl</i>, <i>pang</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sharp-pointed instrument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prick it on a <i>prong</i> of iron.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tine of a fork, or of a similar
instrument; as, a fork of two or three <i>prongs</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
sharp projection, as of an antler.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
fang of a tooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prong"buck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The springbuck.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The pronghorn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pronged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having prongs or
projections like the tines of a fork; as, a three-<i>pronged</i>
fork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prong"-hoe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hoe with
prongs to break the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prong"horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An American antelope (<i>Antilocapra Americana</i>), native of
the plain near the Rocky Mountains. The upper parts are mostly
yellowish brown; the under parts, the sides of the head and throat,
and the buttocks, are white. The horny sheath of the horns is shed
annually. Called also <i>cabr&eacute;e</i>, <i>cabut</i>,
<i>prongbuck</i>, and <i>pronghorned antelope</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pronitas</i>.]
<def>Proneness; propensity.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nom"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pronominalis</i>: cf. F. <i>pronominal</i>. See <u>Pronoun</u>.]
<def>Belonging to, or partaking of the nature of, a pronoun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nom"i*nal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
give the effect of a pronoun to; as, to <i>pronominalize</i> the
substantives <i>person</i>, <i>people</i>, etc.</def>
<i>Early.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nom"i*nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
pronominal manner&?; with the nature or office of a pronoun; as a
pronoun.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`non`c&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Pronounce</u>.] <def>Strongly marked; decided, as in manners,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*no"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Prothonotary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*no"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pronota</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pro-</u>, and
<u>Notum</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dorsal plate of the
prothorax in insects. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Coleoptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"noun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i> +
<i>noun</i>: cf. F. <i>pronom</i>, L. <i>pronomen</i>. See
<u>Noun</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word used instead of a noun or
name, to avoid the repetition of it. The personal pronouns in English
are <i>I</i>, <i>thou</i> or <i>you</i>, <i>he</i>, <i>she</i>,
<i>it</i>, <i>we</i>, <i>ye</i>, and <i>they</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nounce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pronounced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Pronounging</u> (?).] [F. <i>prononcer</i>, L.
<i>pronunciare</i>; <i>pro</i> before, forth + <i>nunciare</i>,
<i>nuntiare</i>, to announce. See <u>Announce</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter articulately; to speak out or
distinctly; to utter, as words or syllables; to speak with the proper
sound and accent as, adults rarely learn to <i>pronounce</i> a foreign
language correctly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter officially or solemnly; to
deliver, as a decree or sentence; as, to <i>pronounce</i> sentence of
death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sternly he <i>pronounced</i><BR>
The rigid interdiction.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To speak or utter rhetorically; to deliver;
to recite; as, to <i>pronounce</i> an oration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Speak the speech, I pray you, as I <i>pronounced</i> it
to you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To declare or affirm; as, he
<i>pronounced</i> the book to be a libel; he <i>pronounced</i> the act
to be a fraud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The God who hallowed thee and blessed,<BR>
<i>Pronouncing</i> thee all good.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To deliver; utter; speak. See <u>Deliver</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*nounce"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a pronunciation; to articulate; as,
to <i>pronounce</i> faultlessly.</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make declaration; to utter on opinion;
to speak with confidence.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nounce"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pronouncement;
declaration; pronunciation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nounce"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>pronunciabilis</i> declarative.] <def>Capable of being
pronounced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nounced"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>prononc&eacute;</i>.] <def>Strongly marked; unequivocal; decided.
[A Gallicism]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[His]  views became every day more
<i>pronounced</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nounce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
pronouncing; a declaration; a formal announcement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*noun"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pronounces, utters, or declares; also, a pronouncing book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*noun"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or indicating, pronunciation; as, a <i>pronouncing</i>
dictionary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nu"bi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pronuba</i>
bridesmaid; <i>pro</i> before + <i>nubere</i> to marry.]
<def>Presiding over marriage.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*nu"cle*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pronuclei</b></plw> (-&imacr;). [NL. See <u>Pro-</u>, and
<u>Nucleus</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the two bodies or nuclei
(called <i>male</i> and <i>female pronuclei</i>) which unite to form
the first segmentation nucleus of an impregnated ovum.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the maturing of the ovum preparatory to impregnation, a
part of the germinal vesicle (see <i>Polar body</i>, under
<u>Polar</u>) becomes converted into a number of small vesicles, which
aggregate themselves into a single clear nucleus. which travels
towards the center of the egg and is called the <i>female
pronucleus</i>. In impregnation, the spermatozo&ouml;n which enters
the egg soon loses its tail, while the head forms a nucleus, called
the <i>male pronucleus</i>, which gradually travels towards the female
pronucleus and eventually fuses with it, forming the first
segmentation nucleus.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*nun"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to pronunciation; pronunciative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nun`ci*a*men"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
proclamation or manifesto; a formal announcement or
declaration.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*nun`ci*a`mi"en"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. See
<u>Pronounce</u>.] <def>See <u>Pronunciamento</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nun`ci*a"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pronunciation</i>, L. <i>pronunciatio</i>. See
<u>Pronounce</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of uttering with articulation; the
act of giving the proper sound and accent; utterance; as, the
<i>pronunciation</i> of syllables of words; distinct or indistinct
<i>pronunciation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mode of uttering words or
sentences.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The art of manner of
uttering a discourse publicly with propriety and gracefulness; -- now
called <i>delivery</i>.</def>  <i>J. Q. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nun"ci*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pronunciativus</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
pronunciation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uttering confidently; dogmatical.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nun"ci*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
reciter.] <def>One who pronounces; a pronouncer.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1148 !></p>

<p><hw>Pro*nun"ci*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to pronunciation; that pronounces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proof</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>prove</i>,
<i>proeve</i>, F. <i>preuve</i>, fr. L. <i>proba</i>, fr.
<i>probare</i> to prove. See <u>Prove</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any effort, process, or operation designed
to establish or discover a fact or truth; an act of testing; a test; a
trial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For whatsoever mother wit or art<BR>
Could work, he put in <i>proof</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall have many <i>proofs</i> to show your
skill.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Formerly, a very rude mode of ascertaining the strength
of spirits was practiced, called the <i>proof</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That degree of evidence which convinces the
mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief; a test by facts or
arguments that induce, or tend to induce, certainty of the judgment;
conclusive evidence; demonstration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll have some <i>proof</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is no <i>proof</i> of a man's understanding to be
able to confirm whatever he pleases.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Properly speaking, <i>proof</i> is the effect or result of
evidence, evidence is the medium of proof.  Cf. <u>Demonstration</u>,
1.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of having been proved
or tried; firmness or hardness that resists impression, or does not
yield to force; impenetrability of physical bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Firmness of mind; stability not to be
shaken.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A trial impression, as from
type, taken for correction or examination; -- called also <i>proof
sheet</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A process for testing the
accuracy of an operation performed.  Cf. <u>Prove</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Armor of excellent or tried quality, and
deemed impenetrable; properly, <i>armor of proof</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Artist's proof</b></col>, <cd>a very early proof impression
of an engraving, or the like; -- often distinguished by the artist's
signature.</cd> -- <col><b>Proof reader</b></col>, <cd>one who reads,
and marks correction in, proofs. See def. 5, above.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Testimony; evidence; reason; argument; trial;
demonstration. See <u>Testimony</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Proof</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Used in proving or testing; as, a
<i>proof</i> load, or <i>proof</i> charge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Firm or successful in resisting; as,
<i>proof</i> against harm; water<i>proof</i>;
bomb<i>proof</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . have found thee<BR>
<i>Proof</i> against all temptation.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This was a good, stout <i>proof</i> article of
faith.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being of a certain standard as to strength;
-- said of alcoholic liquors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Proof charge</b></col> <i>(Firearms)</i>, <cd>a charge of
powder and ball, greater than the service charge, fired in an arm, as
a gun or cannon, to test its strength.</cd> -- <col><b>Proof
impression</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Impression</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Proof load</b></col> <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>the greatest load
than can be applied to a piece, as a beam, column, etc., without
straining the piece beyond the elastic limit.</cd> -- <col><b>Proof
sheet</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Proof</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd> -
- <col><b>Proof spirit</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a strong
distilled liquor, or mixture of alcohol and water, containing not less
than a standard amount of alcohol. In the United States "proof spirit
is defined by law to be that mixture of alcohol and water which
contains one half of its volume of alcohol, the alcohol when at a
temperature of 60&deg; Fahrenheit being of specific gravity 0.7939
referred to water at its maximum density as unity. Proof spirit has at
60&deg; Fahrenheit a specific gravity of 0.93353, 100 parts by volume
of the same consisting of 50 parts of absolute alcohol and 53.71 parts
of water," the apparent excess of water being due to contraction of
the liquids on mixture. In England proof spirit is defined by Act 58,
George III., to be such as shall at a temperature of 51&deg;
Fahrenheit weigh exactly the &frac12x13; part of an equal measure of
distilled water. This contains 49.3 per cent by weight, or 57.09 by
volume, of alcohol. Stronger spirits, as those of about 60, 70, and 80
per cent of alcohol, are sometimes called <i>second</i>, <i>third</i>,
and <i>fourth proof spirits</i> respectively.</cd> -- <col><b>Proof
staff</b></col>, <cd>a straight-edge used by millers to test the
flatness of a stone.</cd> -- <col><b>Proof stick</b></col> <i>(Sugar
Manuf.)</i>, <cd>a rod in the side of a vacuum pan, for testing the
consistency of the sirup.</cd> -- <col><b>Proof text</b></col>, <cd>a
passage of Scripture used to prove a doctrine.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Proof`-arm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To arm with
proof armor; to arm securely; as, to <i>proof-arm</i> herself.</def>
[R.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proof"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting sufficient
evidence to induce belief; not proved.</def> <i>Boyle.</i> --
<wf>Proof"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Proof"-proof`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Proof against
proofs; obstinate in the wrong.</def> "That might have shown to any
one who was not <i>proof-proof</i>."  <i>Whateley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*&ouml;s"tra*cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Pro&ouml;straca</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
before + &?; shell of a testacean.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
anterior prolongation of the guard of the phragmocone of belemnites
and allied fossil cephalopods, whether horny or calcareous. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Phragmocone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*&ouml;"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-
</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, an ear.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>In front of the
auditory capsule; -- applied especially to a bone, or center of
ossification, in the periotic capsule.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A pro&ouml;tic bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shell, used as a
die. See <u>Props</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Propped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Propping</u>.] [Akin to LG. &amp; D. <i>proppen</i> to cram, stuff,
thrust into, stop, G. <i>pfropfen</i>, Dan. <i>proppe</i>, Sw.
<i>proppa</i>; of uncertain origin, cf. G. <i>pfropfen</i> to graft,
fr. L. <i>propago</i> set, layer of a plant, slip, shoot.  Cf. 3d.
<u>Prop</u>, <u>Propagate</u>.] <def>To support, or prevent from
falling, by placing something under or against; as, to <i>prop</i> up
a fence or an old building; (Fig.)  to sustain; to maintain; as, to
<i>prop</i> a declining state.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Till the bright mountains <i>prop</i> the incumbent
sky.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For being not <i>propp'd</i> by ancestry.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>prop</i> myself upon those few supports that are
left me.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG., D., &amp; Dan.
<i>prop</i> stopple, stopper, cork, Sw. <i>propp</i>, G.
<i>pfropf</i>. See <u>Prop</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>That which
sustains an incumbent weight; that on which anything rests or leans
for support; a support; a stay; as, a <i>prop</i> for a
building.</def> "Two <i>props</i> of virtue."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pro`p&aelig;*deu"tic</hw> (?),
<hw>Pro`p&aelig;*deu"tic*al</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
to teach beforehand; &?; before + &?; to bring up a child, to educate,
teach, fr. &?;, &?;, a child.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or conveying,
preliminary instruction; introductory to any art or science;
instructing beforehand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`p&aelig;*deu"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
preliminary learning connected with any art or science; preparatory
instruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prop"a*ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Propagate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being propagated, or of being
continued or multiplied by natural generation or production.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being spread or extended by any
means; -- said of tenets, doctrines, or principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prop`a*gan"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr. L.
<i>de propaganda fide</i>: cf. F. <i>propagande</i>. See
<u>Propagate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
congregation of cardinals, established in 1622, charged with the
management of missions.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The college of
the Propaganda, instituted by Urban VIII. (1623-1644) to educate
priests for missions in all parts of the world.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any organization or plan for
spreading a particular doctrine or a system of principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prop`a*gan"dism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>propagandisme</i>.] <def>The art or practice of propagating tenets
or principles; zeal in propagating one's opinions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prop`a*gan"dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>propagandiste</i>.] <def>A person who devotes himself to the spread
of any system of principles.</def> "Political <i>propagandists</i>."
<i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prop"a*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Propagated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Propagating</u>.] [L. <i>propagatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>propagare</i> to propagate, akin to <i>propages</i>,
<i>propago</i>, a layer of a plant, slip, shoot. See <u>Pro-</u>, and
cf. <u>Pact</u>, <u>Prop</u>, <u>Prune</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to continue or multiply by
generation, or successive production; -- applied to animals and
plants; as, to <i>propagate</i> a breed of horses or sheep; to
<i>propagate</i> a species of fruit tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to spread to extend; to impel or
continue forward in space; as, to <i>propagate</i> sound or
light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spread from person to person; to extend
the knowledge of; to originate and spread; to carry from place to
place; to disseminate; as, to <i>propagate</i> a story or report; to
<i>propagate</i> the Christian religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The infection was <i>propagated</i>
insensibly.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To multiply; to increase.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Griefs of mine own lie heavy in my breast,<BR>
Which thou wilt <i>propagate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To generate; to produce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Motion <i>propagated</i> motion, and life threw off
life.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To multiply; continue; increase; spread; diffuse;
disseminate; promote.</p>

<p><hw>Prop"a*gate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have young or
issue; to be produced or multiplied by generation, or by new shoots or
plants; as, rabbits <i>propagate</i> rapidly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No need that thou<BR>
Should'st <i>propagate</i>, already infinite.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prop`a*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propagatio</i>: cf. F. <i>propagation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of propagating; continuance or
multiplication of the kind by generation or successive production; as,
the <i>propagation</i> of animals or plants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is not in nature any spontaneous generation, but
all come by <i>propagation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The spreading abroad, or extension, of
anything; diffusion; dissemination; as, the <i>propagation</i> of
sound; the <i>propagation</i> of the gospel.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prop"a*ga*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing by
propagation, or by a process of growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prop"a*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>propagateur</i>.] <def>One who propagates; one who continues or
multiplies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*pag"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Propagula</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Propagate</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A runner terminated by a germinating bud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"pane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Propy</i>l +
meth<i>ane</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A heavy gaseous hydrocarbon,
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>, of the paraffin series, occurring
naturally dissolved in crude petroleum, and also made artificially; --
called also <i>propyl hydride</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*par"gyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Prop</i>inyl +
Gr. &?; silver + <i>-yl</i>. So called because one hydrogen atom may
be replaced by silver.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Propinyl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`par*ox"y*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Pro-</u>, and <u>Paroxytone</u>.] <i>(Gr. Gram.)</i> <def>A word
which has the acute accent on the antepenult.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i> + L.
<i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Proleg</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Propelled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Propelling</u>.] [L. <i>propellere</i>, <i>propulsum</i>;
<i>pro</i> forward + <i>pellere</i> to drive. See <u>Pulse</u> a
beating.] <def>To drive forward; to urge or press onward by force; to
move, or cause to move; as, the wind or steam <i>propels</i> ships;
balls are <i>propelled</i> by gunpowder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pel"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, propels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance for propelling a steam
vessel, usually consisting of a screw placed in the stern under water,
and made to revolve by an engine; a propeller wheel.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A steamboat thus propelled; a screw
steamer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Propeller wheel</b></col>,<cd>the screw, usually having two
or more blades, used in propelling a vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propendere</i>, <i>propensum</i>; <i>pro</i> forward, forth +
<i>pendere</i> to hang. See <u>Pendent</u>.] <def>To lean toward a
thing; to be favorably inclined or disposed; to incline; to
tend.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall <i>propend</i> to it, as a stone falleth
down.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pend"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Propensity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attentive deliberation.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir
M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propendens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Inclining forward or toward.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"pene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Prop</i>yl +
ethyl<i>ene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Propylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>propensus</i>,
p. p. See <u>Propend</u>.] <def>Leaning toward, in a moral sense;
inclined; disposed; prone; as, women <i>propense</i> to
holiness.</def> <i>Hooker.</i> -- <wf>Pro*pense"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Pro*pense"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propensio</i>: cf. F. <i>propension</i>. See <u>Propend</u>,
<u>Propense</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being propense;
propensity.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your full consent<BR>
Gave wings to my <i>propension</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pen"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Propensities</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The quality or state of
being propense; natural inclination; disposition to do good or evil;
bias; bent; tendency.</def> "A <i>propensity</i> to utter blasphemy."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disposition; bias; inclination; proclivity;
proneness; bent; tendency.</p>

<p><hw>Pro"pe*nyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Propene</i> +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical hydrocarbon radical,
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>, isomeric with allyl and glyceryl, and
regarded as the essential residue of glycerin.  Cf. <u>Allyl</u>, and
<u>Glyceryl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pep"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i> +
<i>pepsin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Persinogen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pep"tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i>
+ <i>peptone</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A product of gastric
digestion intermediate between albumin and peptone, identical with
hemialbumose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>propre</i>, F.
<i>propre</i>, fr. L. <i>proprius</i>.  Cf. <u>Appropriate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to one; one's own;
individual.</def> "His <i>proper</i> good" [<i>i. e.</i>, his
<i>own</i> possessions]. <i>Chaucer.</i> "My <i>proper</i> son."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now learn the difference, at your <i>proper</i>
cost,<BR>
Betwixt true valor and an empty boast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the natural or essential
constitution; peculiar; not common; particular; as, every animal has
his <i>proper</i> instincts and appetites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those high and peculiar attributes . . . which
constitute our <i>proper</i> humanity.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Befitting one's nature, qualities, etc.;
suitable in all respect; appropriate; right; fit; decent; as, water is
the <i>proper</i> element for fish; a <i>proper</i> dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>proper</i> study of mankind is man.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In Athens all was pleasure, mirth, and play,<BR>
All <i>proper</i> to the spring, and sprightly May.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Becoming in appearance; well formed;
handsome.</def> [Archaic] "Thou art a <i>proper</i> man."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses . . . was hid three months of his parents,
because they saw he was a <i>proper</i> child.</blockquote> <i>Heb.
xi. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to one of a species, but not
common to the whole; not appellative; -- opposed to <i>common</i>; as,
a <i>proper</i> name; Dublin is the <i>proper</i> name of a
city.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Rightly so called; strictly considered; as,
Greece <i>proper</i>; the garden <i>proper</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Represented in its natural
color; -- said of any object used as a charge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In proper</b></col>, <cd>individually; privately.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Jer. Taylor.</i> -- <col><b>Proper flower</b></col> or
<col><b>corolla</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>one of the single
florets, or corollets, in an aggregate or compound flower.</cd> --
<col><b>Proper fraction</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i> <cd>a fraction in
which the numerator is less than the denominator.</cd> --
<col><b>Proper nectary</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a nectary separate
from the petals and other parts of the flower.</cd> -- <col><b>Proper
noun</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a name belonging to an individual,
by which it is distinguished from others of the same class; -- opposed
to <i>common noun</i>; as, <i>John</i>, <i>Boston</i>,
<i>America</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Proper perianth</b></col> or
<col><b>involucre</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>that which incloses
only a single flower.</cd> -- <col><b>Proper receptacle</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a receptacle which supports only a single flower or
fructification.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prop"er</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Properly; hence, to a
great degree; very; as, <i>proper</i> good.</def> [Colloq &
Vulgar]</p>

<p><hw>Prop"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>properatus</i>, p. p. of <i>properare</i> to hasten.] <def>To
hasten, or press forward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prop`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>properatio</i>.] <def>The act of hastening; haste.</def> [Obs.]
<i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*per"i*spome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gr.
Gram.)</i> <def>Properispomenon.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*per`i*spom"e*non</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Properispomena</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to circumflex on the penult; &?; before + &?; to circumflex.
See <u>Perispomenon</u>.] <i>(Gr. Gram.)</i> <def>A word which has the
circumflex accent on the penult.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prop"er*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a proper manner; suitably; fitly;
strictly; rightly; as, a word <i>properly</i> applied; a dress
<i>properly</i> adjusted.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Individually; after one's own manner.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now, harkeneth, how I bare me
<i>properly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prop"er*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being proper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tallness; comeliness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prop"er*tied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Possessing
property; holding real estate, or other investments of money.</def>
"The <i>propertied</i> and satisfied classes."  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prop"er*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Properties</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>proprete</i>, OF.
<i>propret&eacute;</i> property, F. <i>propret&eacute;</i> neatness,
cleanliness, <i>propri&eacute;t&eacute;</i> property, fr. L.
<i>proprietas</i>. See <u>Proper</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Propriety</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is proper to anything; a
peculiar quality of a thing; that which is inherent in a subject, or
naturally essential to it; an attribute; as, sweetness is a
<i>property</i> of sugar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Property</i> is correctly a synonym for peculiar
quality; but it is frequently used as coextensive with quality in
general.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In physical science, the properties of matter are
distinguished to the three following classes: 1. <i>Physical
properties</i>, or those which result from the relations of bodies to
the physical agents, light, heat, electricity, gravitation, cohesion,
adhesion, etc., and which are exhibited without a change in the
composition or kind of matter acted on. They are color, luster,
opacity, transparency, hardness, sonorousness, density, crystalline
form, solubility, capability of osmotic diffusion, vaporization,
boiling, fusion, etc.  2. <i>Chemical properties</i>, or those which
are conditioned by affinity and composition; thus, combustion,
explosion, and certain solutions are reactions occasioned by chemical
properties. Chemical properties are identical when there is identity
of composition and structure, and change according as the composition
changes. 3. <i>Organoleptic properties</i>, or those forming a class
which can not be included in either of the other two divisions. They
manifest themselves in the contact of substances with the organs of
taste, touch, and smell, or otherwise affect the living organism, as
in the manner of medicines and poisons.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An acquired or artificial quality; that
which is given by art, or bestowed by man; as, the poem has the
<i>properties</i> which constitute excellence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The exclusive right of possessing,
enjoying, and disposing of a thing; ownership; title.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here I disclaim all my paternal care,<BR>
Propinquity and <i>property</i> of blood.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall man assume a <i>property</i> in man?</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1149 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That to which a person has a legal title,
whether in his possession or not; thing owned; an estate, whether in
lands, goods, or money; as, a man of large <i>property</i>, or small
<i>property</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>All the adjuncts of a play
except the scenery and the dresses of the actors; stage
requisites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will draw a bill of <i>properties</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Propriety; correctness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Literary property</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Literary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Property man</b></col>, <cd>one who
has charge of the "properties" of a theater.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prop"er*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To invest which properties, or
qualities.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a property of; to
appropriate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They have here <i>propertied</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*phane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Profane</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Proph"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
to show beforehand. See <u>Pro-</u>, and <u>Phasis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Foreknowledge of a disease; prognosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proph"e*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prophecies</b></plw> (#), [OE. <i>prophecie</i>, OF.
<i>profecie</i>, F. <i>proph&eacute;tie</i>, L. <i>prophetia</i>, fr.
Gr. <i>&?;</i>, fr. &?; to be an interpreter of the gods, to prophesy,
fr. &?; prophet. See <u>Prophet</u>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
declaration of something to come; a foretelling; a prediction; esp.,
an inspired foretelling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hearkens after <i>prophecies</i> and
dreams.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Prophecy</i> came not in old time by the will of
man.</blockquote> <i>2. Pet. i. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>A book of prophecies; a
history; as, the <i>prophecy</i> of Ahijah.</def>  <i>2 Chron. ix.
29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Public interpretation of Scripture;
preaching; exhortation or instruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proph"e*si`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
prophet.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proph"e*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prophesied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prophesying</u> (?).] [See <u>Prophecy</u>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To foretell; to predict; to prognosticate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He doth not <i>prophesy</i> good concerning
me.</blockquote>  <i>1 Kings xxii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then I perceive that will be verified<BR>
Henry the Fifth did sometime <i>prophesy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To foreshow; to herald; to
prefigure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Methought thy very gait did <i>prophesy</i><BR>
A royal nobleness; I must embrace thee.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proph"e*sy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter predictions; to make declaration
of events to come.</def>  <i>Matt. xv. 7.</i></p>

<p>
<sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give instruction in religious matters; to
interpret or explain Scripture or religious subjects; to preach; to
exhort; to expound.</def>  <i>Ezek. xxxvii. 7.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proph"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>proph&egrave;te</i>, L. <i>propheta</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, literally,
one who speaks for another, especially, one who speaks for a god an
interprets his will to man, fr. &?; to say beforehand; &?; for, before
+ &?; to say or speak. See <u>Fame</u>. ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who prophesies, or foretells events; a
predicter; a foreteller.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One inspired or instructed by God to speak
in his name, or announce future events, as, Moses, Elijah,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An interpreter; a spokesman.</def> [R.]
<i>Ex. vii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mantis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>School of the prophets</b></col> <i>(Anc. Jewish
Hist.)</i>, <cd>a school or college in which young men were educated
and trained for public teachers or members of the prophetic order.
These students were called <i>sons of the prophets</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Proph"et*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>proph&eacute;tesse</i>, L. <i>prophetissa</i>.] <def>A female
prophet.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pro*phet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pro*phet"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>propheticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>proph&eacute;tique</i>.] <def>Containing, or pertaining to,
prophecy; foretelling events; as, <i>prophetic</i> writings;
<i>prophetic</i> dreams; -- used with <i>of</i> before the thing
foretold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And fears are oft <i>prophetic</i> of the
event.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*phet`ic*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Propheticalness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*phet"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
prophetical manner; by way of prediction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*phet"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being prophetical; power or capacity to
foretell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proph"et*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prophetizare</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>proph&eacute;tiser</i>.  Cf.
<u>Prophesy</u>.] <def>To give predictions; to foreshow events; to
prophesy.</def> [R.] "<i>Prophetizing</i> dreams."  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
utterance.] <def>Enunciative.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pro*phrag"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prophragmata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; before + &?;,
&?;, fence, screen. ] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An internal dorsal
chitinous process between the first two divisions of the thorax of
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proph`y*lac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>prophylactique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine which preserves
or defends against disease; a preventive.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Proph`y*lac"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Proph`y*lac"tic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to guard against; &?; before +
&?; to guard: cf. F. <i>prophylactique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Defending or preserving from disease; preventive.</def>
<i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Proph`y*lax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Prophylactic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The art of preserving from,
or of preventing, disease; the observance of the rules necessary for
the preservation of health; preservative or preventive
treatment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pice"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE., fr. F.
<i>propice</i>, See <u>Propitious</u>.] <def>Fit; propitious.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"pi*dene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Prop</i>yl +
ethyl<i>idene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The unsymmetrical hypothetical
hydrocarbon radical, CH<sub>3</sub>.CH<sub>2</sub>.CH, analogous to
ethylidene, and regarded as the type of certain derivatives of
propane; -- called also <i>propylidene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prop`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propinatio</i>. See <u>Propine</u>.] <def>The act of pledging, or
drinking first, and then offering the cup to another.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Abp. Potter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propinare</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; before + &?; to drink.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pledge; to offer as a toast or a health
in the manner of drinking, that is, by drinking first and passing the
cup.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The lovely sorceress mixed, and to the prince<BR>
Health, peace, and joy <i>propined</i>.</blockquote> <i>C.
Smart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to give in token of
friendship.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give, or deliver; to subject.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pledge.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gift; esp., drink money.</def> [Obs or
Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro"pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Prop</i>yl +
eth<i>ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Allylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pin"qui*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propinquitas</i>, from <i>propinquus</i> near, neighboring, from
<i>prope</i> near.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Nearness in place; neighborhood;
proximity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nearness in time.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Nearness of blood; kindred; affinity.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"pi*nyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Propine</i> +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon radical regarded as an
essential residue of propine and allied compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"pi*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A salt of
propiolic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`pi*ol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Propi</i>onic +
tetr<i>olic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
an organic acid (called also <i>propargylic</i> acid) of the acetylene
or tetrolic series, analogous to propionic acid, and obtained as a
white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"pi*o*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of propionic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"pi*one</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The ketone of propionic acid, obtained as a colorless fragrant
liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`pi*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pro</i>to- +
Gr. <grk>pi`wn</grk> fat.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived
from, or designating, an organic acid which is produced in the
distillation of wood, in the fermentation of various organic
substances, as glycerin, calcium lactate, etc., and is obtained as a
colorless liquid having a sharp, pungent odor. Propionic acid is so
called because it is the <i>first</i> or lowest member of the <i>fatty
acid</i> series whose salts have a fatty feel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"pi*o*nyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The hypothetical radical C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O, regarded as
the essential residue of propionic acid and certain related
compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Prop`i*the"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; before, for + &?; ape.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus including
the long-tailed, or diadem, indris. See <u>Indris</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pi"ti*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propitiabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being propitiated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pi"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Propitiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Propitiating</u>.] [L. <i>propitiatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>propitiare</i> to propitiate, fr. <i>propitius</i> favorable. See
<u>Propitious</u>.] <def>To appease to render favorable; to make
propitious; to conciliate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let fierce Achilles, dreadful in his rage,<BR>
The god <i>propitiate</i>, and the pest assuage.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pi"ti*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
propitiation; to atone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pi`ti*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propitiatio</i>: cf. F. <i>propitiation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of appeasing the wrath and
conciliating the favor of an offended person; the act of making
propitious.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>That which propitiates;
atonement or atoning sacrifice; specifically, the influence or effects
of the death of Christ in appeasing the divine justice, and
conciliating the divine favor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Jesus Christ] is the <i>propitiation</i> for our
sins.</blockquote> <i>1 John ii. 2.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pi"ti*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who propitiates or appeases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pi"ti*a*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
way of propitiation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pi"ti*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propitiatorius</i>: cf. F. <i>propitiatoire</i>.] <def>Having the
power to make propitious; pertaining to, or employed in, propitiation;
expiatory; as, a <i>propitiatory</i> sacrifice.</def>
<i>Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pi"ti*a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propitiatorium</i>.] <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>The mercy seat; --
so called because a symbol of the propitiated Jehovah.</def>  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pi"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propitius</i>, perhaps originally a term of augury meaning, flying
forward (<i>pro</i>) or well; cf. Skr. <i>pat</i> to fly, E.
<i>petition</i>, <i>feather</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Convenient; auspicious; favorable; kind;
as, a <i>propitious</i> season; a <i>propitious</i> breeze.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, kind; gracious; merciful; helpful; -
- said of a person or a divinity.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And now t' assuage the force of this new flame,<BR>
And make thee [Love] more <i>propitious</i> in my need.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Auspicious; favorable; kind.  -- <u>Propitious</u>,
<u>Auspicious</u>. <i>Auspicious</i> (from the ancient idea of
<i>auspices</i>, or omens) denotes "indicative of success," or
"favored by incidental occurrences;" as, an <i>auspicious</i> opening;
an <i>auspicious</i> event. <i>Propitious</i> denotes that which
efficaciously protect us in some undertaking, speeds our exertions,
and decides our success; as, <i>propitious</i> gales;
<i>propitious</i> influences.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Pro*pi"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pro*pi"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pro"plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>proplasma</i>,
Gr. &?;; &?; before + &?; a thing formed, fr. &?; to mold.] <def>A
mold; a matrix.</def> [R.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forming a
mold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*plas"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
making molds for castings.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Prop"leg`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because it
<i>props up</i> or supports the body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Proleg</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*po"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the propodialia, or the parts of the limbs to
which they belong.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*po`di*a"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Propodialia</b></plw>. (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; before + &?;,
dim. of &?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The bone of either the
upper arm or the thing, the <i>propodialia</i> being the humerus and
femur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prop"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sixth joint of a
typical leg of a crustacean; usually, the penultimate joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Propodia</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Propodiale</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The anterior portion of
the foot of a mollusk.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The segment
which forms the posterior part of the thorax of a hymenopterous
insect.</def> [Written also <i>propodeum</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro"po*lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;; &?;
before + &?; city.] <def>Same as <i>Bee glue</i>, under
<u>Bee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proponere</i> to propose. See <u>Propound</u>.] <def>To propose; to
bring forward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*po"nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proponens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Making proposals; proposing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*po"nent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who makes a proposal, or lays down a
proposition.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The propounder of a
thing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*por"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>proportio</i>; <i>pro</i> before + <i>portio</i> part or share. See
<u>Portion</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The relation or adaptation of one portion
to another, or to the whole, as respect magnitude, quantity, or
degree; comparative relation; ratio; as, the <i>proportion</i> of the
parts of a building, or of the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The image of Christ, made after his own
<i>proportion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ridley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Formed in the best <i>proportions</i> of her
sex.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Documents are authentic and facts are true precisely in
<i>proportion</i> to the support which they afford to his
theory.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Harmonic relation between parts, or between
different things of the same kind; symmetrical arrangement or
adjustment; symmetry; as, to be out of <i>proportion</i>.</def> "Let
us prophesy according to the <i>proportion</i> of faith."  <i>Rom.
xii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The portion one receives when a whole is
distributed by a rule or principle; equal or proper share;
lot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the women . . . do the same things in their
<i>proportions</i> and capacities.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A part considered comparatively; a
share.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
equality or similarity of ratios, especially of geometrical ratios; or
a relation among quantities such that the quotient of the first
divided by the second is equal to that of the third divided by the
fourth; -- called also <i>geometrical proportion</i>, in distinction
from <i>arithmetical proportion</i>, or that in which the difference
of the first and second is equal to the difference of the third and
fourth.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Proportion</i> in the mathematical sense differs from
<i>ratio</i>. <i>Ratio</i> is the relation of two quantities of the
same kind, as the ratio of 5 to 10, or the ratio of 8 to 16.
<i>Proportion</i> is the sameness or likeness of two such relations.
Thus, 5 to 10 as 8 to 16; that is, 5 bears the same relation to 10 as
8 does to 16. Hence, such numbers are said to be in <i>proportion</i>.
<i>Proportion</i> is expressed by symbols thus:</p>

<p><i>a:b::c:d</i>, or <i>a:b = c:d</i>, or <i><fract>a/b</fract> =
<fract>c/d</fract></i>.
</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The rule of three, in arithmetic, in which
the three given terms, together with the one sought, are
proportional.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Continued proportion</b></col>, <col><b>Inverse
proportion</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>Continued</u>,
<u>Inverse</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Harmonical, or Musical</b></col>,
<col><b>proportion</b></col>, <cd>a relation of three or four
quantities, such that the first is to the last as the difference
between the first two is to the difference between the last two; thus,
2, 3, 6, are in harmonical proportion; for 2 is to 6 as 1 to 3. Thus,
24, 16, 12, 9, are harmonical, for <i>24:9::8:3</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>In proportion</b></col>, <cd>according as; to the degree
that.</cd> "<i>In proportion</i> as they are metaphysically true, they
are morally and politically false."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*por"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Proportioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Proportioning</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>proportionner</i>.  Cf.
<u>Proportionate</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To adjust in a suitable proportion, as one thing or one part to
another; as, to <i>proportion</i> the size of a building to its
height; to <i>proportion</i> our expenditures to our income.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the loss of an object we do not <i>proportion</i>
our grief to the real value . . . but to the value our fancies set
upon it.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form with symmetry or suitableness, as
the parts of the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature had <i>proportioned</i> her without any
fault.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To divide into equal or just shares; to
apportion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*por"tion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being proportioned, or made proportional; also, proportional;
proportionate.</def> -- <wf>Pro*por"tion*a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>But eloquence may exist without a <i>proportionable</i>
degree of wisdom.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> <i>Proportionable</i>, which is no longer much
favored, was of our [i. e., English writers'] own
coining.</blockquote> <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*por"tion*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Proportionally.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*por"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proportionalis</i>: cf. F. <i>proportionnel</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a due proportion, or comparative
relation; being in suitable proportion or degree; as, the parts of an
edifice are <i>proportional</i>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or securing, proportion.</def>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Constituting a proportion;
having the same, or a constant, ratio; as, <i>proportional</i>
quantities; momentum is <i>proportional</i> to quantity of
matter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Proportional logarithms</b></col>, <cd>logistic logarithms.
See under <u>Logistic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Proportional
scale</b></col>, <cd>a scale on which are marked parts proportional to
the logarithms of the natural numbers; a logarithmic scale.</cd> --
<col><b>Proportional</b></col> <col><b>scales, compasses,
dividers</b></col>, etc. <i>(Draughting)</i>, <cd>instruments used in
making copies of drawings, or drawings of objects, on an enlarged or
reduced scale.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*por"tion*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>Any number or quantity in a proportion; as, a mean
<i>proportional</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The combining weight or
equivalent of an element.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*por`tion*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>proportionnalit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state of being in
proportion.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*por"tion*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
proportion; in due degree; adapted relatively; as, all parts of the
building are <i>proportionally</i> large.</def>  <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*por"tion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proportionatus</i>. See <u>Proportion</u>.] <def>Adjusted to
something else according to a proportion; proportional.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What is <i>proportionate</i> to his
transgression.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*por"tion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Proportionated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Proportionating</u>.] [Cf.
<u>Proportion</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To make proportional; to
adjust according to a settled rate, or to due comparative relation; to
proportion; as, to <i>proportionate</i> punishment to
crimes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*por"tion*ate*ly</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
a proportionate manner; with due proportion; proportionally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*por"tion*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being proportionate.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1150 !></p>

<p><hw>Pro*por"tion*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
proportion; unsymmetrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*por"tion*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of dividing out proportionally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pos"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Propose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is proposed, or
propounded for consideration or acceptance; a scheme or design; terms
or conditions proposed; offer; as, to make <i>proposals</i> for a
treaty of peace; to offer <i>proposals</i> for erecting a building; to
make <i>proposals</i> of marriage.</def> "To put forth
<i>proposals</i> for a book."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The offer by a party of what
he has in view as to an intended business transaction, which, with
acceptance, constitutes a contract.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Proffer; tender; overture. See
<u>Proposition</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Proposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Proposing</u>.] [F. <i>proposer</i>; pref. <i>pro-</i> (L.
<i>pro</i> for, forward) + <i>poser</i> to place. See <u>Pose</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set forth.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That being <i>proposed</i> brimfull of wine, one scarce
could lift it up.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To offer for consideration, discussion,
acceptance, or adoption; as, to <i>propose</i> terms of peace; to
<i>propose</i> a question for discussion; to <i>propose</i> an
alliance; to <i>propose</i> a person for office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set before one's self or others as a
purpose formed; hence, to purpose; to intend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>propose</i> to relate, in several volumes, the
history of the people of New England.</blockquote>
<i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To propose to one's self</b></col>, <cd>to intend; to
design.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To speak; to converse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There shalt thou find my cousin Beatrice,<BR>
<i>Proposing</i> with the prince and Claudio.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form or declare a purpose or intention;
to lay a scheme; to design; as, man <i>proposes</i>, but God
disposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To offer one's self in marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>propos</i>, L.
<i>propositum</i>. See <u>Propound</u>, <u>Purpose</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Talk; discourse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who proposes or offers anything for consideration or
adoption.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A speaker; an orator.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prop`o*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propositio</i>: cf. F. <i>proposition</i>. See <u>Propound</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of setting or placing before; the act
of offering.</def> "Oblations for the altar of <i>proposition</i>."
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is proposed; that which is
offered, as for consideration, acceptance, or adoption; a proposal;
as, the enemy made <i>propositions</i> of peace; his
<i>proposition</i> was not accepted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A statement of religious doctrine; an
article of faith; creed; as, the <i>propositions</i> of Wyclif and
Huss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some persons . . . change their <i>propositions</i>
according as their temporal necessities or advantages do
turn.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram. &amp; Logic)</i> <def>A complete sentence,
or part of a sentence consisting of a subject and predicate united by
a copula; a thought expressed or propounded in language; a from of
speech in which a predicate is affirmed or denied of a subject; as,
<i>snow is white</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A statement in terms of a
truth to be demonstrated, or of an operation to be
performed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is called a <i>theorem</i> when it is something to be
proved, and a <i>problem</i> when it is something to be done.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>That which is offered or
affirmed as the subject of the discourse; anything stated or affirmed
for discussion or illustration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Poetry)</i> <def>The part of a poem in which
the author states the subject or matter of it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Leaves of proposition</b></col> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i>,
<cd>the showbread.</cd>  <i>Wyclif (Luke vi. 4).</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Proposal; offer; statement; declaration.  --
<u>Proposition</u>, <u>Proposal</u>. These words are both from the
Latin verb <i>proponere</i>, to set forth, and as here compared they
mark different forms or stages of a negotiation. A <i>proposition</i>
is something presented for discussion or consideration; as,
<i>propositions</i> of peace. A <i>proposal</i> is some definite thing
offered by one party to be accepted or rejected by the other. If the
<i>proposition</i> is favorably received, it is usually followed by
<i>proposals</i> which complete the arrangement.</p>

<p><hw>Prop`o*si"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or in the nature of, a proposition; considered as
a proposition; as, a <i>propositional</i> sense.</def>  <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pound"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Propounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Propounding</u>.] [From earlier <i>propone</i>, L.
<i>proponere</i>, <i>propositum</i>, to set forth, propose, propound;
<i>pro</i> for, before + <i>ponere</i> to put. See <u>Position</u>,
and cf. <u>Provost</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To offer for
consideration; to exhibit; to propose; as, to <i>propound</i> a
question; to <i>propound</i> an argument.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And darest thou to the Son of God <i>propound</i><BR>
To worship thee, accursed?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is strange folly to set ourselves no mark, to
<i>propound</i> no end, in the hearing of the gospel.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To propose or name as a
candidate for admission to communion with a church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pound"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
propounds, proposes, or offers for consideration.</def>
<i>Chillingworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pre"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propraetor</i>; <i>pro</i> for, before + <i>praetor</i> a pretor.]
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A magistrate who, having been pretor at
home, was appointed to the government of a province.</def> [Written
also <i>propr&aelig;tor</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*pri"e*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Proprietaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>proprietarius</i>: cf. F.
<i>propri&eacute;taire</i>. See <u>Propriety</u>, and cf.
<u>Proprietor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A proprietor or owner; one
who has exclusive title to a thing; one who possesses, or holds the
title to, a thing in his own right.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body proprietors, taken
collectively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A monk who had reserved
goods and effects to himself, notwithstanding his renunciation of all
at the time of profession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pri"e*ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proprietarius</i>.] <def>Belonging, or pertaining, to a proprietor;
considered as property; owned; as, <i>proprietary</i>
medicine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Proprietary articles</b></col>, <cd>manufactured articles
which some person or persons have exclusive right to make and
sell.</cd>  <i>U. S. Statutes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pri"e*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For older
<i>proprietary</i>: cf. F. <i>propri&eacute;tarie</i>.] <def>One who
has the legal right or exclusive title to anything, whether in
possession or not; an owner; as, the proprietor of farm or of a
mill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pri`e*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to ownership; proprietary; as, <i>proprietorial</i>
rights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pri"e*tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being proprietor; ownership.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pri"e*tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
proprietor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Proprieties</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>propri&eacute;t&eacute;</i>,
L. <i>proprietas</i>, fr. <i>proprius</i> one's own, proper. See
<u>Property</u>, <u>Proper</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Individual
right to hold property; ownership by personal title; property.</def>
[Obs.] "Onles this <i>propriety</i> be exiled."  <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So are the <i>proprieties</i> of a wife to be disposed
of by her lord, and yet all are for her provisions, it being a part of
his need to refresh and supply hers.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is proper or peculiar; an
inherent property or quality; peculiarity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We find no mention hereof in ancient zo&ouml;graphers,
. . . who seldom forget <i>proprieties</i> of such a
nature.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being proper;
suitableness to an acknowledged or correct standard or rule;
consonance with established principles, rules, or customs; fitness;
appropriateness; as, <i>propriety</i> of behavior, language, manners,
etc.</def> "The rule of <i>propriety</i>,"  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*proc"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i>
+ <i>proctor</i>.] [Eng. Univ.] <def>A assistant proctor.</def>
<i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Props</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A game of chance,
in which four sea shells, each called a <i>prop</i>, are used instead
of dice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Prop`te*ryg"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Propterygia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; before + &?; a
fin.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The anterior of three principal cartilages
in the fins of some fishes.</def> -- <wf>Prop`ter*yg"i*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pugn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propugnare</i>; <i>pro</i> for + <i>pugnare</i> to fight.] <def>To
contend for; to defend; to vindicate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pug"na*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propugnaculum</i>.] <def>A fortress.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro`pug*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propugnatio</i>.] <def>Means of defense; defense.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pugn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A defender; a
vindicator.</def> "Zealous <i>propugners</i>."  <i>Gov. of
Tongue.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro`pul*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propulsatio</i>. See <u>Propulse</u>.] <def>The act of driving away
or repelling; a keeping at a distance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pulse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>propulsare</i>, v. intens. from <i>propellere</i> to propel. See
<u>Propel</u>.] <def>To repel; to drive off or away.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pul"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>propulsion</i>. See <u>Propel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
driving forward or away; the act or process of propelling; as, steam
<i>propulsion</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An impelling act or movement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God works in all things; all obey<BR>
His first <i>propulsion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending, or
having power, to propel; driving on; urging.</def> "[The]
<i>propulsive</i> movement of the verse."  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pul"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Propulsive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"pyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Prop</i>ionic + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>, regarded as the essential residue of
propane and related compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Prop`y*l&aelig;"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Propyl&aelig;a</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;; &?; before +
&?; a gate.] <i>(Anc. Classical Arch.)</i> <def>Any court or vestibule
before a building or leading into any inclosure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"pyl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>propyl&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless gaseous
hydrocarbon (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>) of the ethylene series,
having a garlic odor. It occurs in coal gas, and is produced
artificially in various ways. Called also <i>propene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, propyl; as,
<i>propylic</i> alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*pyl"i*dene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Propidene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Prop"y*lon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Propyla</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?;; &?; before + &?; a
gate.] <i>(Anc. Arch.)</i> <def>The porch, vestibule, or entrance of
an edifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro` ra"ta</hw> (?). [L.] <def>In proportion;
proportionately; according to the share, interest, or liability of
each.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*rat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being prorated, or divided proportionately.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*rate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prorated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prorating</u>.] [From L. <i>pro rata</i> (sc. <i>parte</i>)
according to a certain part, in proportion.] <def>To divide or
distribute proportionally; to assess <i>pro rata</i>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Prore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>prora</i>, Gr. &?;:
cf. It. &amp; Sp. <i>prora</i>. See <u>Prow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>The prow or fore part of a ship.</def> [Poetic] "Galleys with
vermilion <i>prores</i>."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*rec"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Pro-
</u>, and <u>Rector</u>.] <def>An officer who presides over the
academic senate of a German university.</def>  <i>Heyse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*rec"tor*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
of prorector.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*re"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i> +
<i>renal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pronephric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*rep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prorepere</i>, <i>proreptum</i>, to creep forth; <i>pro +
repere</i>.] <def>A creeping on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*rhi"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i> +
<i>rhinal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated in front of the nasal
chambers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"ro*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
prorogue.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro`ro*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prorogatio</i>: cf. F. <i>prorogation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of counting in duration; prolongation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of proroguing; the ending of the
session of Parliament, and postponing of its business, by the command
of the sovereign.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; After an adjournment all things continue as they were at the
adjournment; whereas, after a <i>prorogation</i>, bill introduced and
nut passed are as if they had never been begun at all.  <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*rogue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prorogued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Proroguing</u> (?).] [F. <i>proroger</i>, L. <i>prorogare</i>,
<i>prorogatum</i>; <i>pro</i> forward + <i>rogare</i> to ask, to ask
one for his opinion or vote, or about a law. See <u>Rogation</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To protract; to prolong; to extend.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>prorogued</i> his government.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To defer; to delay; to postpone; as, to
<i>prorogue</i>death; to <i>prorogue</i> a marriage.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To end the session of a parliament by an
order of the sovereign, thus deferring its business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Parliament was <i>prorogued</i> to [meet at]
Westminster.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Parliament was again <i>prorogued</i> to a distant
day.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To adjourn; postpone; defer. See <u>Adjourn</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*rup"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proruptio</i>, fr. <i>prorumpere</i>, <i>proruptum</i>, to break
forth; <i>pro</i> forth + <i>rumpere</i> to break.] <def>The act or
state of bursting forth; a bursting out.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pro*sa"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pro*sa"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>prosaius</i>, from <i>prosa</i> prose: cf.
F,. <i>prosa&iuml;que</i>. See <u>Prose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to prose; resembling prose; in the form of
prose; unpoetical; writing or using prose; as, a <i>prosaic</i>
composition.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dull; uninteresting; commonplace;
unimaginative; prosy; as, a <i>prosaic</i> person.</def>  <i>Ed.
Rev.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pro*sa"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pro*sa"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pro*sa"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being prosaic; a prosaic manner or style.</def> [R.]
<i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"sa*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is in
the form of prose writing; a prosaic manner.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"sa*ist</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
prose; an unpoetical writer.</def> "An estimable <i>prosaist</i>."
<i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
prose; prosaic.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*sce"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Proscenia</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;; &?; before + &?; a
tent, a wooden stage, the stage. See <u>Scene</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anc.  Theater)</i> <def>The part where the actors performed; the
stage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Modern Theater)</i> <def>The part of the
stage in front of the curtain; sometimes, the curtain and its
framework.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*sco"lex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Proscolices</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; before + &?;,
&?;, a worm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An early larval form of a
trematode worm; a redia. See <u>Redia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Proscribed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Proscribing</u>.] [L. <i>proscribere</i>,
<i>proscriptum</i>, to write before, to publish, proscribe; <i>pro</i>
before + <i>scribere</i> to write. See <u>Scribe</u>. The sense of
this word originated in the Roman practice of writing the names of
persons doomed to death, and posting the list in public.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To doom to destruction; to put out of the
protection of law; to outlaw; to exile; as, Sylla and Marius
<i>proscribed</i> each other's adherents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Robert Vere, Earl of Oxford, . . . was banished the
realm, and <i>proscribed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To denounce and condemn; to interdict; to
prohibit; as, the Puritans <i>proscribed</i> theaters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Arian doctrines were <i>proscribed</i> and
anathematized in the famous Council of Nice.</blockquote>
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*scrib"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, proscribes, denounces, or prohibits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"script</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Proscribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A proscription; a
prohibition; an interdict.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is proscribed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*scrip"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proscriptio</i>: cf. F. <i>proscription</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of proscribing; a dooming to death or exile; outlawry;
specifically, among the ancient Romans, the public offer of a reward
for the head of a political enemy; as, under the triumvirate, many of
the best Roman citizens fell by <i>proscription</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every victory by either party had been followed by a
sanguinary <i>proscription</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being proscribed;
denunciation; interdiction; prohibition.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*scrip"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Proscriptive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*scrip"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
proscribes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*scrip"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to proscription; consisting in, or of the nature of,
proscription; proscribing.</def> <i>Burke.</i> --
<wf>Pro*scrip"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Prose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>prose</i>, L.
<i>prosa</i>, fr. <i>prorsus</i>, <i>prosus</i>, straight forward,
straight on, for <i>proversus</i>; <i>pro</i> forward + <i>versus</i>,
p. p. of <i>vertere</i> to turn. See <u>Verse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The ordinary language of men in speaking or writing; language not
cast in poetical measure or rhythm; -- contradistinguished from
<i>verse</i>, or <i>metrical composition</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I speak in <i>prose</i>, and let him rymes
make.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Things unattempted yet in <i>prose</i> or
rhyme.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I wish our clever young poets would remember my homely
definitions of <i>prose</i> and poetry, that is; <i>prose</i> -- words
in their best order; poetry -- the best order.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, language which evinces little
imagination or animation; dull and commonplace discourse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A hymn with no regular
meter, sometimes introduced into the Mass. See
<u>Sequence</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prose</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or composed of, prose; not in verse; as,
<i>prose</i> composition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessing or exhibiting unpoetical
characteristics; plain; dull; prosaic; as, the <i>prose</i> duties of
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prose</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prosed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prosing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To write in prose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To write or repeat in a dull, tedious, or
prosy way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prose</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
write prose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Prosing</i> or versing, but chiefly this
latter.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*sec"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an anatomist,
from <i>prosecare</i> to cut up; <i>pro</i> before + <i>secare</i> to
cut.] <def>One who makes dissections for anatomical illustration;
usually, the assistant of a professional anatomist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"e*cu`ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being prosecuted; liable to prosecution.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1151 !></p>

<p><hw>Pros"e*cute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Prosecuted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Prosecuting</u>.] [L. <i>prosecutus</i>, p. p. of
<i>prosequi</i> to follow, pursue. See <u>Pursue</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To follow or pursue with a view to reach,
execute, or accomplish; to endeavor to obtain or complete; to carry
on; to continue; as, to <i>prosecute</i> a scheme, hope, or
claim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am beloved Hermia;<BR>
Why should not I, then, <i>prosecute</i> my right ?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seek to obtain by legal process; as, to
<i>prosecute</i> a right or a claim in a court of law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To pursue with the intention
of punishing; to accuse of some crime or breach of law, or to pursue
for redress or punishment, before a legal tribunal; to proceed against
judicially; as, to <i>prosecute</i> a man for trespass, or for a
riot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To acquit themselves and <i>prosecute</i> their
foes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros"e*cute</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To follow after.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To institute and carry on a
legal prosecution; as, to <i>prosecute</i> for public offenses.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros`e*cu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prosecutio</i> a following.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or
process of prosecuting, or of endeavoring to gain or accomplish
something; pursuit by efforts of body or mind; as, the
<i>prosecution</i> of a scheme, plan, design, or undertaking; the
<i>prosecution</i> of war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Keeping a sharp eye on her domestics . . . in
<i>prosecution</i> of their various duties.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
institution and carrying on of a suit in a court of law or equity, to
obtain some right, or to redress and punish some wrong; the carrying
on of a judicial proceeding in behalf of a <i>complaining</i> party,
as distinguished from <i>defense</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The institution, or commencement, and continuance of a criminal
suit; the process of exhibiting formal charges against an offender
before a legal tribunal, and pursuing them to final judgment on behalf
of the state or government, as by indictment or information.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The party by whom criminal proceedings are
instituted.</def>  <i>Blackstone. Burrill. Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros"e*cu`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>prosecutor</i> an attendant.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
prosecutes or carries on any purpose, plan, or business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The person who institutes and
carries on a criminal suit against another in the name of the
government.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros"e*cu`trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
female prosecutor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"e*lyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>proselite</i>, OF. <i>proselite</i>, F. <i>proselytus</i>, Gr. &?;,
adj., that has come, n., a new comer, especially, one who has come
over from heathenism to the Jewish religion; &?; toward, to + (prob.)
the root of &?; to come.] <def>A new convert especially a convert to
some religion or religious sect, or to some particular opinion,
system, or party; thus, a Gentile converted to Judaism, or a pagan
converted to Christianity, is a <i>proselyte</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye [Scribes and Pharisees] compass sea and land to make
one <i>proselyte</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxiii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fresh confidence the speculatist takes<BR>
From every harebrained <i>proselyte</i> he makes.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Convert</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pros"e*lyte</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Proselyted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Proselyting</u>.] <def>To convert to some religion, opinion, or
system; to bring over.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros"e*ly*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pros&eacute;lytisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or
practice of proselyting; the making of converts to a religion or a
religious sect, or to any opinion, system, or party.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were possessed of a spirit of <i>proselytism</i>
in the most fanatical degree.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conversion to a religion, system, or
party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"e*ly*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>proselytized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Proselytizing</u> (?).] <def>To convert to some
religion, system, opinion, or the like; to bring, or cause to come,
over; to proselyte.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of those whom they endeavor to
<i>proselytize</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros"e*ly*tize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
converts or proselytes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"e*ly*ti`zer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
proselytes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prose"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
prose.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*sem"i*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seminary
which prepares pupils for a higher institution.</def>  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*sem`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proseminare</i>, <i>proseminatum</i>, to disseminate.]
<def>Propagation by seed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros*en`ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the prosencephalon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros`en*ceph"a*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; toward, near to + E. <i>encephalon</i>.] [Sometimes abbreviated to
proen.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The anterior segment
of the brain, including the cerebrum and olfactory lobes; the
forebrain.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cerebrum.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros*en"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
near + <i>-enchyma</i>, as in <i>parenchyma</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
general term applied to the tissues formed of elongated cells,
especially those with pointed or oblique extremities, as the principal
cells of ordinary wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A writer of prose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who talks or writes tediously.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*sil"i*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prosilere</i> to leap forth.] <def>The act of leaping forth or
forward; projection.</def> "Such <i>prosiliency</i> of relief."
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a prosy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros`i*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Prose</i>
+ <i>metrical</i>.] <def>Consisting both of prose and verse.</def>
<i>Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*sim"i*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pro-</u>. and <u>Simia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Lemuroidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being prosy; tediousness; tiresomeness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Writing prose;
speaking or writing in a tedious or prosy manner.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Prosily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*si"phon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i>
for + <i>siphon</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A minute tube found in
the protoconch of ammonites, and not connected with the true
siphon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*slav"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i>
+ <i>slavery</i>.] <def>Favoring slavery.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Advocacy of slavery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"o*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Prosobranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pros`o*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; forward, further + &?; a gill.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The highest division, or subclass, of gastropod mollusks,
including those that have the gills situated anteriorly, or forward of
the heart, and the sexes separate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"o*c&oelig;le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
forward + &?; hollow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The entire cavity of the
prosencephalon.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pros`o*c&oelig;"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Prosoc&oelig;lle</b></plw> (#), [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Prosoc&oelig;le</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros`o*di"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Prosodical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros`o*di"a*cal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Prosodically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*so"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Prosodical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*so"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
prosodist.</def>  <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*sod"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>prosodique</i>, L. <i>prosodiacus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
prosody; according to the rules of prosody.</def> --
<wf>Pro*sod"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pros"o*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in
prosody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>prosodia</i>
the tone or accent of a syllable, Gr. &?; a song sung to, or with, an
accompanying song, the accent accompanying the pronunciation; &?; to +
&?; song, ode: cf. F. <i>prosodie</i>. See <u>Ode</u>.] <def>That part
of grammar which treats of the quantity of syllables, of accent, and
of the laws of versification or metrical composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*so"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prosomata</b></plw>. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; before + &?;, &?;,
body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The anterior of the body of an animal,
as of a cephalopod; the thorax of an arthropod.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pros`o*pal"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; face + &?; pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Facial neuralgia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pros`o*po*ceph`a*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>pro`swpon</grk> face, appearance + &?; head.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Scaphopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros`o*po*lep"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>pro`swpon</grk> a face, a person + &?; a taking, receiving, &?;
to take.] <def>Respect of persons; especially, a premature opinion or
prejudice against a person, formed from his external appearance.</def>
[R.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pros`o*po*p&oelig;"ia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
Gr. &?;; <grk>pro`swpon</grk> a face, a person + &?; to make.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by which things are represented as
persons, or by which things inanimate are spoken of as animated
beings; also, a figure by which an absent person is introduced as
speaking, or a deceased person is represented as alive and present. It
includes <i>personification</i>, but is more extensive in its
signification.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pros`o*pul`mo*na"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; forward + L. <i>pulmo</i> a lung.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of pulmonate mollusks having the breathing organ
situated on the neck, as in the common snail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"pect</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>prospectus</i>,
fr. <i>prospicere</i>, <i>prospectum</i>, to look forward; <i>pro</i>
before, forward + <i>specere</i>, <i>spicere</i>, look, to see: cf.
OF. <i>prospect</i>. See <u>Spy</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Prospectus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is embraced by
eye in vision; the region which the eye overlooks at one time; view;
scene; outlook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eye discovers unaware<BR>
The goodly <i>prospect</i> of some foreign land.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, a picturesque or widely
extended view; a landscape; hence, a sketch of a landscape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I went to Putney . . . to take <i>prospects</i> in
crayon.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A position affording a fine view; a
lookout.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Him God beholding from his <i>prospect</i>
high.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Relative position of the front of a
building or other structure; face; relative aspect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And their <i>prospect</i> was toward the
south.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xl. 44.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of looking forward; foresight;
anticipation; as, a <i>prospect</i> of the future state.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is he a prudent man as to his temporal estate, that
lays designs only for a day, without any <i>prospect</i> to, or
provision for, the remaining part of life ?</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which is hoped for; ground for hope or
expectation; expectation; probable result; as, the <i>prospect</i> of
success.</def> "To brighter <i>prospects</i> born."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These swell their <i>prospects</i>d exalt their
pride,<BR>
When offers are disdain'd, and love deny'd.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros"pect</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prospected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prospecting</u>.] <def>To look over; to explore or examine for
something; as, to <i>prospect</i> a district for gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"pect</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a search;
to seek; to explore, as for mines or the like; as, to <i>prospect</i>
for gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*spec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
looking forward, or of providing for future wants;
foresight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*spec"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prospectivus</i>: cf. F. <i>prospectif</i>. See <u>Prospect</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
prospect; furnishing a prospect; perspective.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Time's long and dark <i>prospective</i>
glass.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Looking forward in time; acting with
foresight; -- opposed to <i>retrospective</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The French king of Sweden are circumspect, industrious,
and <i>prospective</i>, too, in this affair.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Child.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being within view or consideration, as a
future event or contingency; relating to the future: expected; as, a
<i>prospective</i> benefit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Points on which the promises, at the time of
ordination, had no <i>prospective</i> bearing.</blockquote> <i>W.
Jay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*spec"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The scene before or around, in time or in space; view;
prospect.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A perspective glass.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer. Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*spec"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
prospective manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*spec"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being prospective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"pect*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
prospect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"pect*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., one who looks
out.] <def>One who prospects; especially, one who explores a region
for minerals and precious metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*spec"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a prospect,
sight, view: cf. F. <i>prospectus</i>. See <u>Prospect</u>.] <def>A
summary, plan, or scheme of something proposed, affording a prospect
of its nature; especially, an exposition of the scheme of an
unpublished literary work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prospered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prospering</u>.] [F. <i>prosp&eacute;rer</i> v. i., or L.
<i>prosperare</i>, v. i., or L. <i>prosperare</i>, v. t., fr.
<i>prosper or prosperus</i>. See <u>Prosperous</u>.] <def>To favor; to
render successful.</def> "<i>Prosper</i> thou our handiwork."  <i>Bk.
of Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All things concur to<i>prosper</i> our
design.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be successful; to succeed; to be fortunate or prosperous; to
thrive; to make gain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They, in their earthly Canaan placed,<BR>
Long time shall dwell and <i>prosper</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grow; to increase.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Black cherry trees <i>prosper</i> even to considerable
timber.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros*per"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>prosp&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>prosperitas</i>. See
<u>Prosperous</u>.] <def>The state of being prosperous; advance or
gain in anything good or desirable; successful progress in any
business or enterprise; attainment of the object desired; good
fortune; success; as, commercial <i>prosperity</i>; national
<i>prosperity</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>prosperity</i> begins to mellow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Prosperities</i> can only be enjoyed by them who
fear not at all to lose them.</blockquote> <i> Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prosperousness; thrift; weal; welfare; well being;
happiness.</p>

<p><hw>Pros"per*ous</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prosperus</i> or <i>prosper</i>, originally, answering to hope;
<i>pro</i> according to + the root of <i>sperare</i> to hope.  See
<u>Despair</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending to prosperity;
favoring; favorable; helpful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A happy passage and a <i>prosperous</i>
wind.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being prospered; advancing in the pursuit
of anything desirable; making gain, or increase; thriving; successful;
as, a <i>prosperous</i> voyage; a <i>prosperous</i> undertaking; a
<i>prosperous</i> man or nation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By moderation either state to bear<BR>
<i>Prosperous</i> or adverse.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fortunate; successful; flourishing; thriving;
favorable; auspicious; lucky. See <u>Fortunate</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Pros"per*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pros"per*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pros"phy*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; to + &?; to grow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A growing together of
parts; specifically, a morbid adhesion of the eyelids to each other or
to the eyeball.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*spi"cience</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prospicientia</i>, fr. <i>prospiciens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>prospicere</i>. See <u>Prospect</u>.] <def>The act of looking
forward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[Gr. &?; standing
before, fr. &?; to set before; &?; before + &?; to set: cf. F.
<i>prostate</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Standing before; -- applied to a
gland which is found in the males of most mammals, and is situated at
the neck of the bladder where this joins the urethra.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The prostate gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*stat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the prostate gland.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prostatic catheter</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Catheter</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pros`ta*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Prostate</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the prostate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros`ter*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Prostration</u>.] <def>Dejection; depression.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ster"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Pro-
</u> and <u>Sternum</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ventral plate
of the prothorax of an insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pros"the*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
an addition, fr. &?; to put to, to add; &?; to + &?; to put, place.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The addition to the human body
of some artificial part, to replace one that is wanting, as a log or
an eye; -- called also <i>prothesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The prefixing of one or more
letters to the beginning of a word, as in <i>be</i>loved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros*thet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;
disposed to add, &?; put on.] <def>Of or pertaining to prosthesis;
prefixed, as a letter or letters to a word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros*tib"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prostibulum</i> prostitute.] <def>Of or pertaining to prostitutes
or prostitution; meretricious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros"ti*tute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Prostituted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Prostituting</u>.] [L. <i>prostitutus</i>, p. p. of
<i>prostituere</i> to prostitute; <i>pro</i> before, forth +
<i>statuere</i> to put, place. See <u>Statute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To offer, as a woman, to a lewd use; to give up to lewdness for
hire.</def> "Do not <i>prostitute</i> thy daughter."  <i>Lev. xix. 29.
</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To devote to base or unworthy purposes; to
give up to low or indiscriminate use; as, to <i>prostitute</i>
talents; to <i>prostitute</i> official powers.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros"ti*tute</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>prostitutus</i>,
p. p.] <def>Openly given up to lewdness; devoted to base or infamous
purposes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Made bold by want, and <i>prostitute</i> for
bread.</blockquote> <i>Prior</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros"ti*tute</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>prostituta</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman giver to indiscriminate lewdness; a
strumpet; a harlot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A base hireling; a mercenary; one who
offers himself to infamous employments for hire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No hireling she, no <i>prostitute</i> to
praise.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pros`ti*tu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prostitutio</i>: cf. F. <i>prostitution</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or practice of prostituting or offering the body to an
indiscriminate intercourse with men; common lewdness of a
woman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of setting one's self to sale, or
of devoting to infamous purposes what is in one's power; as, the
<i>prostitution</i> of abilities; the <i>prostitution</i> of the
press.</def>  "Mental <i>prostitution</i>."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1152 !></p>

<p><hw>Pros"ti*tu`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
prostitutes; one who submits himself, of or offers another, to vile
purposes.</def>  <i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*sto"mi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prostomia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; before + &?;, &?;,
mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>That portion of the head of an
annelid situated in front of the mouth.</def> --
<wf>Pro*sto"mi*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pros"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prostratus</i>, p. p. of <i>prosternere</i> to prostrate;
<i>pro</i> before, forward + <i>sternere</i> to spread out, throw
down. See <u>Stratum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lying at length, or
with the body extended on the ground or other surface; stretched out;
as, to sleep <i>prostrate</i>.</def>  <i>Elyot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Groveling and <i>prostrate</i> on yon lake of
fire.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lying at mercy, as a supplicant.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lying in a humble, lowly, or suppliant
posture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prostrate fall<BR>
Before him reverent, and there confess<BR>
Humbly our faults.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Trailing on the ground;
procumbent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prostrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prostrating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay fiat; to throw
down; to level; to fell; as, to <i>prostrate</i> the body; to
<i>prostrate</i> trees or plants.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>to overthrow; to demolish; to destroy; to
deprive of efficiency; to ruin; as, to <i>prostrate</i> a village; to
<i>prostrate</i> a government; to <i>prostrate</i> law or
justice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw down, or cause to fall in humility
or adoration; to cause to bow in humble reverence; used reflexively;
as, he <i>prostrated</i> himself.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to sink totally; to deprive of
strength; to reduce; as, a person <i>prostrated</i> by
fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>prostratio</i>: cf. F. <i>prostration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of prostrating, throwing down, or laying fiat; as, the
<i>prostration</i> of the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of falling down, or of bowing in
humility or adoration; primarily, the act of falling on the face, but
usually applied to kneeling or bowing in reverence and
worship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A greater <i>prostration</i> of reason than of
body.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being prostrate; great
depression; lowness; dejection; as, a <i>postration</i> of
spirits.</def> "A sudden <i>prostration</i> of strength."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A latent, not an exhausted,
state of the vital energies; great oppression of natural strength and
vigor.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Prostration</i>, in its medical use, is analogous to the
state of a spring lying under such a weight that it is incapable of
action; while <i>exhaustion</i> is analogous to the state of a spring
deprived of its elastic powers. The word, however, is often used to
denote any great depression of the vital powers.</p>

<p><hw>Pro"style</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>prostylus</i>,
Gr. &?;; &?; before + &?; pillar, column: cf. F. <i>prostyle</i>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having columns in front.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A prostyle portico or building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pros"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Prosier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Prosiest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to prose; like
prose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dull and tedious in discourse or writing;
prosaic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*sy"lo*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-
</i> + <i>syllogism</i>.] <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A syllogism preliminary
or logically essential to another syllogism; the conclusion of such a
syllogism, which becomes a premise of the following
syllogism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; placing or
placed before, fr. &?; to place in front; &?; before + &?; to
arrange.] <def>Giving a previous narrative or explanation, as of the
plot or personages of a play; introductory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"ta*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> + Gr.
&?; a contest. See. <u>Protagonist</u>. So called because it was the
first definitely ascertained principle of the brain.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous phosphorized principle found in brain
tissue. By decomposition it yields neurine, fatty acids, and other
bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tag"o*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>prw^tos</grk> first + &?; an actor, combatant, fr. &?; a
contest.] <def>One who takes the leading part in a drama; hence, one
who takes lead in some great scene, enterprise, conflict, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shakespeare, the <i>protagonist</i> on the great of
modern poetry.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"ta*min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>prw^tos</grk> first.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An amorphous
nitrogenous substance found in the spermatic fluid of salmon. It is
soluble in water, which an alkaline reaction, and unites with acids
and metallic bases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tan"dric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, a man.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having male sexual
organs while young, and female organs later in life.</def> --
<wf>Pro*tan"trism</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tan"drous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Proterandrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Prot"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to stretch before, forward; &?; before + &?; to stretch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A proposition; a maxim.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The introductory or
subordinate member of a sentence, generally of a conditional sentence;
-- opposed to <i>apodosis</i>. See <u>Apodosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The first part of a drama, of a poem, or
the like; the introduction; opposed to <i>epitasis</i>.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. L.
<i>protaticus</i>, F. <i>protatique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
protasis of an ancient play; introductory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`te*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Proteus</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Proteace&aelig;</i>, an order of apetalous evergreen shrubs, mostly
natives of the Cape of Good Hope or of Australia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"te*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to Proteus; characteristic of Proteus.</def> "
<i>Protean</i> transformations."  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exceedingly variable; readily assuming
different shapes or forms; as, an am&oelig;ba is a <i>protean</i>
animalcule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"te*an*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a protean
manner.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Protected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Protecting</u>.] [L. <i>protectus</i>, p. p. of <i>protegere</i>,
literally, to cover in front; <i>pro</i> before + <i>tegere</i> to
cover. See <u>Tegument</u>.] <def>To cover or shield from danger or
injury; to defend; to guard; to preserve in safety; as, a father
<i>protects</i> his children.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gods of Greece <i>protect</i> you!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To guard; shield; preserve. See <u>Defend</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*tect"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
protection; in a protective manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>protectio</i>: cf. F. <i>protection</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of protecting, or the state of being protected;
preservation from loss, injury, or annoyance; defense; shelter; as,
the weak need <i>protection</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To your <i>protection</i> I commend me,
gods.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which protects or preserves from
injury; a defense; a shield; a refuge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let them rise up . . . and be your
<i>protection</i>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxxii. 38.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A writing that protects or secures from
molestation or arrest; a pass; a safe-conduct; a passport.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . gave them <i>protections</i> under his
hand.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i> <def>A theory, or a
policy, of protecting the producers in a country from foreign
competition in the home market by the imposition of such
discriminating duties on goods of foreign production as will restrict
or prevent their importation; -- opposed to <i>free
trade</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Writ of protection</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A writ by which the king formerly exempted a
person from arrest; -- now disused</cd>. [Eng.] <i>Blackstone.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A judicial writ issued to a person required to
attend court, as party, juror, etc., intended to secure him from
arrest in coming, staying, and returning.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Preservation; defense; guard; shelter; refuge;
security; safety.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*tec"tion*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Polit.
Econ.)</i> <def>The doctrine or policy of protectionists. See
<u>Protection</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tec"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Polit.
Econ.)</i> <def>One who favors protection. See <u>Protection</u>,
4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>protectif</i>.] <def>Affording protection; sheltering;
defensive.</def> " The favor of a <i>protective</i> Providence."
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Protective coloring</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>coloring which serves for the concealment and preservation of a
living organism.  Cf. <u>Mimicry</u>.</cd> <i>Wallace.</i> --
<col><b>Protective tariff</b></col> <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i>, <cd>a
tariff designed to secure protection (see <u>Protection</u>, 4.), as
distinguished from a tariff designed to raise revenue. See
<u>Tariff</u>, and <u>Protection</u>, 4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tect"ive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being protective.</def>  <i>W. Pater.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>protecteur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which,
defends or shields from injury, evil, oppression, etc.; a defender; a
guardian; a patron.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the world's <i>protector</i> shall be
known.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>One having the care of
the kingdom during the king's minority; a regent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it concluded he shall be <i>protector</i>
!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A cardinal, from one of
the more considerable Roman Catholic nations, who looks after the
interests of his people at Rome; also, a cardinal who has the same
relation to a college, religious order, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lord Protector</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>the title
of Oliver Cromwell as supreme governor of the British Commonwealth
(1653-1658).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tect"or*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a protector; protectorial; as, <i>protectoral</i>
power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tect"or*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>protectorat</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Government by a
protector; -- applied especially to the government of England by
Oliver Cromwell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The authority assumed by a superior power
over an inferior or a dependent one, whereby the former protects the
latter from invasion and shares in the management of its
affairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`tec*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>protectorius</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Protectoral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tect"or*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
protector; unprotected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tect"or*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
a protector or regent; protectorate.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pro*tect"ress</hw> (?), <hw>Pro*tect"rix</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>protectrix</i>.] <def>A woman who
protects.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Pro`t&eacute;`g&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. m.</i></pos>
<hw>||Pro`t&eacute;`g&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. f.</i></pos>}
[F., p. p. of <i>prot&eacute;ger</i>. See <u>Protect</u>.] <def>One
under the care and protection of another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"te*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>prw^tos</grk> first.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>One of a class
of amorphous nitrogenous principles, containing, as a rule, a small
amount of sulphur; an albuminoid, as blood fibrin, casein of milk,
etc.  Proteids are present in nearly all animal fluids and make up the
greater part of animal tissues and organs. They are also important
constituents of vegetable tissues.  See 2d Note under
<u>Food</u>.</def> -- <wf>Pro"te*id</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`te*id"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Proteus</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
aquatic amphibians having prominent external gills and four legs. It
includes Proteus and Menobranchus (<i>Necturus</i>). Called also
<i>Proteoidea</i>, and <i>Proteida</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*te"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Changeable in form; resembling a Proteus, or
an am&oelig;ba.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"te*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>prw^tos</grk> first: cf. <grk>prwtei^on</grk> the first place.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A body now known as alkali albumin, but
originally considered to be the basis of all albuminous substances,
whence its name.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Protein crystal</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Crystalloid</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro`te*i*na"*ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>Of or related to protein; albuminous;
proteid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*te"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Proteinaceuos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"te*les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South Africa genus of Carnivora, allied to
the hyenas, but smaller and having weaker jaws and teeth. It includes
the aard-wolf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Protended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Protending</u>.] [L. <i>protendere</i>, <i>protensum</i>;
<i>pro</i> before, forth + <i>tendere</i> to stretch.] <def>To hold
out; to stretch forth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With his <i>protended</i> lance he makes
defence.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Protend</u>.]
<def>Extension.</def>[Obs.] " By due degrees and long
<i>protense</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ten"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>protensio</i>.] <def>A drawing out; extension.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir
W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ten"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drawn out;
extended.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Time is a <i>protensive</i> quantity.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`te*ol"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Proteolytic</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>The digestion or
dissolving of proteid matter by proteolytic ferments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`te*o*lyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Proteid</i>
+ Gr. &?; to loose.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Converting proteid or
albuminous matter into soluble and diffusible products, as
peptones.</def> " The <i>proteolytic</i> ferment of the pancreas."
<i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro`ter*an"drous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
earlier (fr. &?; before) + &?;, &?;, man, male.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the stamens come to maturity before the pistil; -- opposed
to <i>proterogynous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`ter*an"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The condition of being proterandrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`ter*an"thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
earlier (fr. &?; before) + &?; flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
flowers appearing before the leaves; -- said of certain plants.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro`te*rog"ly*pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; before + &?; to carve.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of
serpents including those that have permanently erect grooved poison
fangs, with ordinary teeth behind them in the jaws. It includes the
cobras, the asps, and the sea snakes. Called also
<i>Proteroglyphia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`ter*og"y*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
earlier (fr. &?; before) + &?; woman, female.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the pistil come to maturity before the stamens;
protogynous; -- opposed to <i>proterandrous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`te*ro*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; earlier (fr. &?; before) + &?; a lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>An extinct genus of reptiles of the Permian period. Called also
<i>Protosaurus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ter"vi*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>protervitas</i>, from <i>protervus</i> violent.] <def>Peevishness;
petulance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*test"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Protested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Protesting</u>.] [F. <i>protester</i>, L. <i>protestari</i>,
<i>pro</i> before + <i>testari</i> to be a witness, <i>testis</i> a
witness. See <u>Testify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To affirm in a
public or formal manner; to bear witness; to declare solemnly; to
avow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>protest</i> that his measures are
pacific.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lady doth <i>protest</i> too much,
methinks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a solemn declaration (often a
written one) expressive of opposition; -- with <i>against</i>; as, he
<i>protest</i> against your votes.</def>  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The conscience has power . . . to <i>protest</i>
againts the exorbitancies of the passions.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To affirm; asseverate; assert; aver; attest;
testify; declare; profess. See <u>Affirm</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*test"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a solemn declaration or affirmation of; to proclaim; to
display; as, to <i>protest</i> one's loyalty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>protest</i> your cowardice.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To call as a witness in affirming or
denying, or to prove an affirmation; to appeal to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fiercely [they] opposed<BR>
My journey strange, with clamorous uproar<BR>
<i>Protesting</i> fate supreme.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To protest a bill or note</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to
make a solemn written declaration, in due form, on behalf of the
holder, against all parties liable for any loss or damage to be
sustained by the nonacceptance or the nonpayment of the bill or note,
as the case may be. This should be made by a notary public, whose seal
it is the usual practice to affix.</cd>  <i>Kent. Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"test</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>prot&ecirc;t</i>, It. <i>protesto</i>. See <u>Protest</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A solemn declaration of
opinion, commonly a formal objection against some act; especially, a
formal and solemn declaration, in writing, of dissent from the
proceedings of a legislative body; as, the <i>protest</i> of lords in
Parliament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A solemn
declaration in writing, in due form, made by a notary public, usually
under his notarial seal, on behalf of the holder of a bill or note,
protesting against all parties liable for any loss or damage by the
nonacceptance or nonpayment of the bill, or by the nonpayment of the
note, as the case may be.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A declaration
made by the master of a vessel before a notary, consul, or other
authorized officer, upon his arrival in port after a disaster, stating
the particulars of it, and showing that any damage or loss sustained
was not owing to the fault of the vessel, her officers or crew, but to
the perils of the sea, etc., ads the case may be, and protesting
against them.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A declaration made by a
party, before or while paying a tax, duty, or the like, demanded of
him, which he deems illegal, denying the justice of the demand, and
asserting his rights and claims, in order to show that the payment was
not voluntary.</def> <i>Story.</i> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prot"es*tan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Protestantism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Prot"es*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>protestant</i>, fr. L. <i>protestans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>protestare</i>. See <u>Protest</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>One
who protests; -- originally applied to those who adhered to Luther,
and protested against, or made a solemn declaration of dissent from, a
decree of the Emperor Charles V. and the Diet of Spires, in 1529,
against the Reformers, and appealed to a general council; -- now used
in a popular sense to designate any Christian who does not belong to
the Roman Catholic or the Greek Church.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1153 !></p>

<p><hw>Prot"es*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>protestant</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Making a protest;
protesting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the faith and practice
of those Christians who reject the authority of the Roman Catholic
Church; as, <i>Protestant</i> writers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prot`es*tant"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Protestant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prot"es*tant*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>protestantisme</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being protestant,
especially against the Roman Catholic Church; the principles or
religion of the Protestants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prot"es*tant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like a
Protestant; in conformity with Protestantism.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prot`es*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>protestatio</i>: cf. F. <i>protestation</i>. See <u>Protest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of making a protest; a public avowal;
a solemn declaration, especially of dissent.</def> " The
<i>protestation</i> of our faith."  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Formerly, a declaration in
common-law pleading, by which the party interposes an oblique
allegation or denial of some fact, protesting that it does or does not
exist, and at the same time avoiding a direct affirmation or
denial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prot"es*ta`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>protestateur</i>.] <def>One who makes protestation; a
protester.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*test"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who protests; one who utters a solemn declaration.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who protests a bill of
exchange, or note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*test"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
protesting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"te*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A sea god in the service
of Neptune who assumed different shapes at will. Hence, one who easily
changes his appearance or principles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
genus of aquatic eel-shaped amphibians found in caves in Austria. They
have permanent external gills as well as lungs. The eyes are small and
the legs are weak.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A changeable
protozoan; an am&oelig;ba.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pro`tha*la"mi*on</hw> (?), <hw>Pro`tha*la"mi*um</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; before + &?; chamber,
especially, the bridal chamber.] <def>A song in celebration of a
marriage.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*thal"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prothallia</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Prothallus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*thal"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prothalli</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; before + &?; a
young shoot.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The minute primary growth from the
spore of ferns and other <i>Pteridophyta</i>, which bears the true
sexual organs; the o&ouml;phoric generation of ferns, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Proth"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a placing in public, fr. &?; to set before; &?; before + &?; to set,
put.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A credence table; -- so
called by the Eastern or Greek Church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <u>Prosthesis</u>.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*thet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Of
or pertaining to prothesis; as, a <i>prothetic</i>
apparatus.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pro*thon"o*ta*ry</hw> (?), or <hw>Pro*ton"o*ta*ry</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl> <plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (#). [LL.
<i>protonotarius</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>prw^tos</grk> first + L.
<i>notarius</i> a shorthand writer, a scribe: cf. F.
<i>protonotaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chief notary or
clerk.</def> " My private <i>prothonotary</i>."  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, a chief clerk in the Court of
King's Bench and in the Court of Common Pleas, now superseded by the
<i>master</i>.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Wharton. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A register or chief clerk of a court in
certain States of the United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Formerly, one who had
the charge of writing the acts of the martyrs, and the circumstances
of their death; now, one of twelve persons, constituting a college in
the Roman Curia, whose office is to register pontifical acts and to
make and preserve the official record of beatifications.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Ch.)</i> <def>The chief secretary of the
patriarch of Constantinople.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prothonotary warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
small American warbler (<i>Protonotaria citrea</i>). The general color
is golden yellow, the back is olivaceous, the rump and tail are ash-
color, several outer tail feathers are partly white.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*thon"o*ta*ry*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Office of
a prothonotary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`tho*rac"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the prothorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tho"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>pro-</i> +
<i>thorax</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The first or anterior segment
of the thorax in insects. See <i>Illusts</i>. of <u>Butterfly</u> and
<u>Coleoptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro* thy`a*lo*so"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Prothyalosomata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>prw^tos</grk> first + <grk>"y`alos</grk> glass + &?;, &?;, body.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The investing portion, or spherical envelope,
surrounding the eccentric germinal spot of the germinal
vesicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*thy"a*lo*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Prothyalosoma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Protista.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*tis"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>prw`tistos</grk> first.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A provisional
group in which are placed a number of low microscopic organisms of
doubtful nature. Some are probably plants, others animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*tis"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Protista</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the Protista.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>prw^tos</grk> first, a superl. fr.
<grk>pro`</grk> before. See <u>Pro-</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
combining form prefix signifying <i>first</i>, <i>primary</i>,
<i>primordial</i>; as, <i>proto</i>martyr, the first martyr;
<i>proto</i>morphic, primitive in form; <i>proto</i>plast, a
primordial organism; <i>proto</i>type, <i>proto</i>zoan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Denoting
the <i>first</i> or <i>lowest of a series</i>, or the one having the
<i>smallest amount</i> of the element to the name of which it is
prefixed; as <i>prot</i>oxide, <i>proto</i>chloride, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sometimes used as equivalent to <i>mono-</i>,
as indicating that the compound has but <i>one atom</i> of the element
to the name of which it is prefixed. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*ca*non"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the first canon, or that which contains the authorized
collection of the books of Scripture; -- opposed to <i>deutero-
canonical</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*cat`e*chu"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an
organic acid which is obtained as a white crystalline substance from
catechin, asafetida, oil of cloves, etc., and by distillation itself
yields pyrocatechin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*cer"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
Gr. &?; the tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a caudal fin
extending around the end of the vertebral column, like that which is
first formed in the embryo of fishes; diphycercal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`to*coc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Proto-</u>, and <u>Coccus</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
minute unicellular alg&aelig; including the red snow plant
(<i>Protococcus nivalis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*col</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>protocole</i>,
LL. <i>protocollum</i>, fr. Gr. &?; the first leaf glued to the rolls
of papyrus and the notarial documents, on which the date was written;
<grk>prw^tos</grk> the first (see <u>Proto-</u>) + &?; glue.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The original copy of any writing, as of a
deed, treaty, dispatch, or other instrument.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The minutes, or rough draught, of an
instrument or transaction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Diplomacy)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
preliminary document upon the basis of which negotiations are carried
on.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A convention not formally
ratified.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An agreement of diplomatists
indicating the results reached by them at a particular stage of a
negotiation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*col</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a
protocol of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*col</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make or write
protocols, or first draughts; to issue protocols.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*col`ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who draughts
protocols.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*conch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
<i>conch</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The embryonic shell, or first
chamber, of ammonites and other cephalopods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to-Dor*ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
<i>Doric</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
architecture, in which the beginnings of the Doric style are supposed
to be found.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*gine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
root of Gr. &?; to be born: cf. F. <i>protogyne</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A kind of granite or gneiss containing a silvery talcose
mineral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tog"y*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Proto</i> +
Gr. <grk>gynh`</grk> a woman.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Proterogynous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`to*hip"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; first + &?; horse.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of fossil horses
from the Lower Pliocene. They had three toes on each foot, the lateral
ones being small.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*mar`tyr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; first + &?; martyr: cf. F. <i>protomartyr</i>. See <u>Proto-
</u>, and <u>Martyr</u>.] <def>The first martyr; the first who
suffers, or is sacrificed, in any cause; -- applied esp. to Stephen,
the first Christian martyr.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*mer"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
<i>-mere</i> + <i>-ite</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The second
segment of one of the Gregarin&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the most primitive
character; in the earliest form; as, a <i>protomorphic</i> layer of
tissue.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`to*ne"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Protonemata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; first + &?;, &?;,
a thread.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The primary growth from the spore of a
moss, usually consisting of branching confervoid filaments, on any
part of which stem and leaf buds may be developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ton"o*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Prothonotary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*&ouml;r"gan*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Proto-</i> + <i>organism</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An organism
whose nature is so difficult to determine that it might be referred to
either the animal or the vegetable kingdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`to*pap"as</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; a chief priest.] <i>(Gr. Ch.)</i> <def>A protopope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
Gr. &?; a plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any unicellular plant, or plant
forming only a plasmodium, having reproduction only by fission,
gemmation, or cell division.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The protophytes (<i>Protophyta</i>) are by some botanists
considered an independent branch or class of the vegetable kingdom,
and made to include the lowest forms of both fungi and alg&aelig;, as
slime molds, Bacteria, the nostocs, etc.  Cf. <u>Carpophyte</u>, and
<u>O&ouml;phyte</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*phy*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-
</i> + <i>phytology</i>.] <def>Paleobotany.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
<i>opium</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid found in opium in small
quantities, and extracted as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
Gr. &?; form, fr. &?; to mold.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The viscid and
more or less granular material of vegetable and animal cells,
possessed of vital properties by which the processes of nutrition,
secretion, and growth go forward; the so-called " physical basis of
life;" the original cell substance, cytoplasm, cytoblastema, bioplasm
sarcode, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The lowest forms of animal and vegetable life (unicellular
organisms) consist of <i>simple</i> or <i>unaltered protoplasm</i>;
the tissues of the higher organisms, of <i>differentiated
protoplasm</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*plas*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Protoplasmic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*plas"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the first formation of
living bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
protoplasm; consisting of, or resembling, protoplasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*plast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>protoplastus</i> the first man, Gr. &?; formed or created first;
&?; first + &?; formed, fr. &?; to form.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The thing first formed; that of which there
are subsequent copies or reproductions; the original.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A first-formed organized
body; the first individual, or pair of individuals, of a
species.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A species is a class of individuals, each of which is
hypothetically considered to be the descendant of the same
<i>protoplast</i>, or of the same pair of
<i>protoplasts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`to*plas"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of fresh-water rhizopods including
those that have a soft body and delicate branched pseudopodia. The
genus <i>Gromia</i> is one of the best-known.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>First-
formed.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*top"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The basal portion, or
two proximal and more or less consolidated segments, of an appendage
of a crustacean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*pope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
<i>pope</i>: cf. F. <i>protopope</i>, Russ. <i>protopop'</i>.] <i>(Gr.
Ch.)</i> <def>One of the clergy of first rank in the lower order of
secular clergy; an archpriest; -- called also
<i>protopapas</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*top"te*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; first + &?; a feather (taken to mean, fin).] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Komtok</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*salt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
<i>salt</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt derived from a protoxide
base.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*sil"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i>
+ <i>silicate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A silicate formed with the
lowest proportion of silicic acid, or having but one atom of silicon
in the molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*so"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
<i>somite</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the primitive
segments, or metameres, of an animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i>
+ <i>sulphide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>That one of a series of
sulphides of any element which has the lowest proportion of sulphur; a
sulphide with but one atom of sulphur in the molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*sul"phu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-
</i> + <i>sulphuret</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A protosulphide.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pro`to*the"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>prw^tos</grk> first + <grk>qhri`on</grk>, dim. of
<grk>qh`r</grk> beast.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Monotremata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`to*tra`che*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Proto-</u>, and <u>Trachea</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Malacopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"to*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>prototypus</i> original, primitive, Gr. &?;, &?;; &?; first + &?;
type, model. See <u>Proto-</u>, and <u>Type</u>] <def>An original or
model after which anything is copied; the pattern of anything to be
engraved, or otherwise copied, cast, or the like; a primary form;
exemplar; archetype.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They will turn their backs on it, like their great
precursor and <i>prototype</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*ver"te*bra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Protovertebr&aelig;</b></plw> . [<i>Proto-</i> +
<i>vertebra</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the primitive masses, or
segments, into which the mesoblast of the vertebrate embryo breaks up
on either side of the anterior part of the notochord; a mesoblastic,
or protovertebral, somite. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Ectoderm</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The protovertebr&aelig; were long regarded as rudiments of
the permanent vertebr&aelig;, but they are now known to give rise to
the dorsal muscles and other structures as well as the vertebral
column. See <u>Myotome</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*ver"te*bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
protovertebr&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> +
<i>oxide</i>: cf. F. <i>protoxide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>That one
of a series of oxides having the lowest proportion of oxygen. See
<u>Proto-</u>, 2 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>protoxide of nitrogen</b></col>, <cd>laughing gas, now
called <i>hyponitrous oxide</i>. See under <u>Laughing</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tox"i*dize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To combine with oxygen, as any elementary substance, in such
proportion as to form a protoxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`to*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; first + &?; an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lowest of the
grand divisions of the animal kingdom.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The entire animal consists of a single cell which is
variously modified; but in many species a number of these simple
zooids are united together so as to form a compound body or organism,
as in the Foraminifera and Vorticell&aelig;. The reproduction takes
place by fission, or by the breaking up of the contents of the body
after encystment, each portion becoming a distinct animal, or in other
ways, but never by true eggs. The principal divisions are Rhizopoda,
Gregarin&aelig;, and Infusoria. See also <u>Foraminifera</u>,
<u>Heliozoa</u>, <u>Protoplasta</u>, <u>Radiolaria</u>,
<u>Flagellata</u>, <u>Ciliata</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*zo"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the <u>Protozoa</u>.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Protozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Protozoa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Containing remains of the
earliest discovered life of the globe, which included mollusks,
radiates and protozoans.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`to*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (-&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Protozoa</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the Protozoa.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A single zooid of a compound
protozoan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*zo"&ouml;*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the primary, or first-formed, segments
of an embryonic arthropod.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro*tra`che*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pro-</u>, and <u>Trachea</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Malacopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1154 !></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tract"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Protracted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Protracting</u>.] [L. <i>protractus</i>, p. p. of <i>protrahere</i>
to forth, protract; <i>pro</i> forward + <i>trahere</i> to draw. See
<u>Portrait</u>, <u>Portray</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw out
or lengthen in time or (rarely) in space; to continue; to prolong; as,
to <i>protract</i> an argument; to <i>protract</i> a war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put off to a distant time; to delay; to
defer; as, to <i>protract</i> a decision or duty.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>To draw to a scale; to lay
down the lines and angles of, with scale and protractor; to
plot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>To extend; to protrude;
as, the cat can <i>protract</i> its claws; -- opposed to
<i>retract</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tract"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>protractus</i>.]
<def>Tedious continuance or delay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tract`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prolonged;
continued.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Protracted meeting</b></col>,<cd>a religious meeting
continued for many successive days.</cd> [U. S.]</p>

<p>-- <wf>Pro*tract"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pro*tract"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tract"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
protractor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tract"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being protracted, or protruded; protrusile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*trac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>protractio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A drawing out, or
continuing; the act of delaying the termination of a thing;
prolongation; continuance; delay; as, the <i>protraction</i> of a
debate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>protraction</i> only of what is worst in
life.</blockquote> <i>Mallock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surv.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act
or process of making a plot on paper.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
plot on paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tract"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drawing out
or lengthening in time; prolonging; continuing; delaying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He suffered their <i>protractive</i> arts.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tract"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, protracts, or causes
protraction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mathematical instrument for laying down
and measuring angles on paper, used in drawing or in plotting. It is
of various forms, semicircular, rectangular, or circular.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument formerly used
in extracting foreign or offensive matter from a wound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which extends an
organ or part; -- opposed to <i>retractor</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An adjustable pattern used by
tailors.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*trep"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to turn forward, to urge on.] <def>Adapted to persuade; hortatory;
persuasive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*trud"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
protruded; protrusile.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*trude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Protruded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp;  vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Protruding</u>.] [L. <i>protrudere</i>, <i>protrusum</i>;
<i>pro</i> forward + <i>trudere</i> to thrust. See <u>Threat</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To thrust forward; to drive or force
along.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrust out, as through a narrow orifice
or from confinement; to cause to come forth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When . . . Spring <i>protrudes</i> the bursting
gems.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*trude"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shoot out or
forth; to be thrust forward; to extend beyond a limit; to
project.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The parts <i>protrude</i> beyond the skin.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tru"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being protruded or thrust out; protractile; protrusive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tru"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of protruding or thrusting forward, or beyond the usual
limit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being protruded, or thrust
forward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tru"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Thrusting or impelling forward; as, <i>protrusive</i>
motion.</def>  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being protruded;
protrusile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tru"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
protrusive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tu"ber*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>protub&eacute;rance</i>. See <u>Protuberant</u>.] <def>That which
is protuberant swelled or pushed beyond the surrounding or adjacent
surface; a swelling or tumor on the body; a prominence; a bunch or
knob; an elevation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Solar protuberances</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>certain
rose-colored masses on the limb of the sun which are seen to extend
beyond the edge of the moon at the time of a solar eclipse. They may
be discovered with the spectroscope on any clear day. Called also
<i>solar prominences</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> in Append.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Projection</u>, <u>Protuberance</u>.
<i>protuberance</i> differs from <i>projection</i>, being applied to
parts that rise from the surface with a gradual ascent or small angle;
whereas a <i>projection</i> may be at a right angle with the
surface.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*tu"ber*an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being protuberant; protuberance;
prominence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tu"ber*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>protuberans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>protuberare</i>. See
<u>Protuberate</u>.] <def>Prominent, or excessively prominent; bulging
beyond the surrounding or adjacent surface; swelling; as, a
<i>protuberant</i> joint; a <i>protuberant</i> eye.</def> --
<wf>Pro*tu"ber*ant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tu"ber*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>protuberare</i>; <i>pro</i> forward + <i>tuber</i> a hump,
protuberance. See <u>Tuber</u>.] <def>To swell, or be prominent,
beyond the adjacent surface; to bulge out.</def>  <i>S. Sharp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tu`ber*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of swelling beyond the surrounding surface.</def>  <i>Cooke
(1615).</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*tu"ber*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Protuberant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pro`tu*re"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Proto-</u>, <u>Ureter</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The duct of a
pronephros.</def>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro"tyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Proto-</i> + Gr.
&?; stuff, material.] <i>(Chem. &amp; Astron.)</i> <def>The hypothetical
homogeneous cosmic material of the original universe, supposed to have
been differentiated into what are recognized as distinct chemical
elements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proud</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Prouder</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Proudest</u>.] [OE.
<i>proud</i>, <i>prout</i>, <i>prud</i>, <i>prut</i>, AS.
<i>pr&umacr;t</i>; akin to Icel. pr&umacr;&eth;r stately, handsome,
Dan. <i>prud</i> handsome.  Cf. <u>Pride</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Feeling or manifesting pride, in a good or bad sense</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Possessing or showing too great self-esteem;
overrating one's excellences; hence, arrogant; haughty; lordly;
presumptuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor much expect<BR>
A foe so <i>proud</i> will first the weaker seek.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O death, made <i>proud</i> with pure and princely
beauty !</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And shades impervious to the <i>proud</i> world's
glare.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having a feeling of high self-respect or
self-esteem; exulting (in); elated; -- often with <i>of</i>; as,
<i>proud</i> of one's country.</def> "<i>Proud</i> to be checked and
soothed."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Are we proud men <i>proud</i> of being proud
?</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Giving reason or occasion for pride or
self-gratulation; worthy of admiration; grand; splendid; magnificent;
admirable; ostentatious.</def>  "Of shadow <i>proud</i>."
<i>Chapman.</i> "<i>Proud</i> titles." <i>Shak.</i> " The <i>proud</i>
temple's height."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Till tower, and dome, and bridge-way <i>proud</i><BR>
Are mantled with a golden cloud.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Excited by sexual desire; -- applied
particularly to the females of some animals.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Proud</i> is often used with participles in the formation
of compounds which, for the most part, are self-explaining; as,
<i>proud</i>-crested, <i>proud</i>-minded, <i>proud</i>-swelling.</p>

<p><col><b>Proud flesh</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a fungous growth
or excrescence of granulations resembling flesh, in a wound or
ulcer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Proud"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
proud.</def>  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proud"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A proud or haughty
person.</def>  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proud"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a proud manner;
with lofty airs or mien; haughtily; arrogantly; boastfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Proudly</i> he marches on, and void of
fear.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proud"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
proud; pride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Set aside all arrogancy and
<i>proudness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Proust"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the French
chemist, J. L. <i>Proust</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A sulphide of
arsenic and silver of a beautiful cochineal-red color, occurring in
rhombohedral crystals, and also massive; ruby silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prov"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Prove</u>,
and cf. <u>Probable</u>.] <def>Capable of being proved;
demonstrable.</def> -- <wf>Prov"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Prov"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Prov"and</hw> (?), <hw>Pro"ant</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Provender</u>.] <def>Provender or
food.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One pease was a soldier's <i>provant</i> a whole
day.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.  </i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply with
provender or provisions; to provide for.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prov"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided for
common or general use, as in an army; hence, common in quality;
inferior.</def> "A poor <i>provant</i> rapier."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prove</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Proved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Proving</u>.] [OE. <i>prover</i>, F. <i>prouver</i>, fr. L.
<i>probare</i> to try, approve, prove, fr. <i>probus</i> good, proper.
Cf. <u>Probable</u>, <u>Proof</u>, <u>Probe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To try or to ascertain by an experiment, or by a test or
standard; to test; as, to <i>prove</i> the strength of gunpowder or of
ordnance; to <i>prove</i> the contents of a vessel by a standard
measure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast <i>proved</i> mine heart.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
xvii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To evince, establish, or ascertain, as
truth, reality, or fact, by argument, testimony, or other
evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have inferred much from slender premises, and
conjectured when they could not <i>prove</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To ascertain or establish the genuineness
or validity of; to verify; as, to <i>prove</i> a will.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To gain experience of the good or evil of;
to know by trial; to experience; to suffer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where she, captived long, great woes did
<i>prove</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>To test, evince, ascertain,
or verify, as the correctness of any operation or result; thus, in
subtraction, if the difference between two numbers, added to the
lesser number, makes a sum equal to the greater, the correctness of
the subtraction is <i>proved</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Printing)</i> <def>To take a trial
impression of; to take a proof of; as, to <i>prove</i> a
page.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To try; verify; justify; confirm; establish; evince;
manifest; show; demonstrate.</p>

<p><hw>Prove</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make trial; to essay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be found by experience, trial, or
result; to turn out to be; as, a medicine <i>proves</i> salutary; the
report <i>proves</i> false.</def> "The case <i>proves</i> mortal."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So life a winter's morn may <i>prove</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To succeed; to turn out as expected.</def>
[Obs.] "The experiment <i>proved</i> not."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>provectus</i>,
p. p. of <i>provehere</i> to carry forward.] <def>Carried forward;
advanced.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Provect</i> in years."  <i>Sir T.
Flyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>provectio</i> an advancement.] <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>A carrying
forward, as of a final letter, to a following word; as, for example, a
<i>nickname</i> for <i>an ekename</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ved"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>proveditore</i>, <i>provveditore</i>, fr. <i>provedere</i>, L.
<i>providere</i>. See <u>Provide</u>, and cf. <u>Purveyor</u>,
<u>Provedore</u>.] <def>One employed to procure supplies, as for an
army, a steamer, etc.; a purveyor; one who provides for another.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prov"e*dore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>proveedor</i>. See <u>Proveditor</u>.] <def>A proveditor; a
purveyor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Busied with the duties of a
<i>provedore</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prov"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. or a.</i></pos>
<def>Proved.</def> "Accusations firmly <i>proven</i> in his mind."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of this which was the principal charge, and was
generally believed to be<i>proven</i>, he was acquitted.</blockquote>
<i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Not proven</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>, <cd>a verdict of a
jury that the guilt of the accused is not made out, though not
disproved.</cd>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`ven`&ccedil;al"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>Provence</i>, fr. L. <i>provincia</i> province. See
<u>Provincial</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Provence or its
inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`ven`&ccedil;al"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of Provence in
France.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Provencal language. See <u>Langue
d'oc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prov"ence rose`</hw> (?). [<i>Provence</i> the place +
<i>rose</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The cabbage rose (<i>Rosa
centifolia</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A name of many kinds
of roses which are hybrids of <i>Rosa centifolia</i> and <i>R.
Gallica</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ven"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Proven&ccedil;al</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Provence in
France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prov"end</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Provand</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prov"en*der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>provende</i>, F. <i>provende</i>, provisions, provender, fr. LL.
<i>praebenda</i> (<i>prae</i> and <i>pro</i> being confused), a daily
allowance of provisions, a prebend. See <u>Prebend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dry food for domestic animals, as hay, straw,
corn, oats, or a mixture of ground grain; feed.</def> "Hay or other
<i>provender</i>."  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Good <i>provender</i> laboring horses would
have.</blockquote> <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Food or provisions.</def> [R or Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prov"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Provand</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*ven"tri*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Proventriculus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro`ven*tri"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pro-</u>, and <u>Ventricle</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The glandular
stomach of birds, situated just above the crop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, proves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prov"erb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>proverbe</i>,
F. <i>proverbe</i>, from L. <i>proverbium</i>; <i>pro</i> before, for
+ <i>verbum</i> a word. See <u>Verb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
old and common saying; a phrase which is often repeated; especially, a
sentence which briefly and forcibly expresses some practical truth, or
the result of experience and observation; a maxim; a saw; an
adage.</def>  <i>Chaucer. Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A striking or paradoxical assertion; an
obscure saying; an enigma; a parable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His disciples said unto him, Lo, now speakest thou
plainly, and speakest no <i>proverb</i>.</blockquote> <i>John xvi.
29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A familiar illustration; a subject of
contemptuous reference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt become an astonishment, a <i>proverb</i>,
and a by word, among all nations.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxviii.
37.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A drama exemplifying a proverb.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Book of Proverbs</b></col>, <cd>a canonical book of the Old
Testament, containing a great variety of wise maxims.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Maxim; aphorism; apothegm; adage; saw.</p>

<p><hw>Prov"erb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To name in, or as, a proverb.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Am I not sung and <i>proverbed</i> for a fool
?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To provide with a proverb.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>proverbed</i> with a grandsire
phrase.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prov"erb</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To write or utter
proverbs.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*ver"bi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proverbialis</i>: cf. F. <i>proverbial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Mentioned or comprised in a proverb; used as a proverb; hence,
commonly known; as, a <i>proverbial</i> expression; his meanness was
<i>proverbial</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In case of excesses, I take the German
<i>proverbial</i> cure, by a hair of the same beast, to be the
worst.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to proverbs; resembling a
proverb.</def> "A <i>proverbial</i> obscurity."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ver"bi*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
proverbial phrase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ver"bi*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
much use of proverbs in speech or writing; one who composes, collects,
or studies proverbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ver"bi*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>proverbialiser</i>.] <def>To turn into a proverb; to speak in
proverbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ver"bi*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
proverbial manner; by way of proverb; hence, commonly; universally;
as, it is <i>proverbially</i> said; the bee is <i>proverbially</i>
busy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vex"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>provehere</i> to advance.  Cf. <u>Provect</u>.] <def>Great advance
in age.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pro*vide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Provided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Providing</u>.] [L. <i>providere</i>, <i>provisum</i>; <i>pro</i>
before + <i>videre</i> to see. See <u>Vision</u>, and cf.
<u>Prudent</u>, <u>Purvey</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To look out
for in advance; to procure beforehand; to get, collect, or make ready
for future use; to prepare.</def> "<i>Provide</i> us all things
necessary."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To supply; to afford; to
contribute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bring me berries, or such cooling fruit<BR>
As the kind, hospitable woods <i>provide</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish; to supply; -- formerly followed
by <i>of</i>, now by <i>with</i>.</def> "And yet <i>provided</i> him
of but one." <i>Jer. Taylor.</i> "Rome . . . was well <i>provided</i>
with corn." <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To establish as a previous condition; to
stipulate; as, the contract <i>provides</i> that the work be well
done.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To foresee.</def> [A <i>Latinism</i>]
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To appoint to an ecclesiastical benefice
before it is vacant. See <u>Provisor</u>.</def>  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vide"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To procure supplies or means in advance; to take measures
beforehand in view of an expected or a possible future need,
especially a danger or an evil; -- followed by <i>against or for</i>;
as, to <i>provide</i> against the inclemency of the weather; to
<i>provide</i> for the education of a child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Government is a contrivance of human wisdom to
<i>provide</i> for human wants.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stipulate previously; to condition; as,
the agreement <i>provides</i> for an early completion of the
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vid"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>On condition;
by stipulation; with the understanding; if; -- usually followed by
<i>that</i>; as, <i>provided</i> that nothing in this act shall
prejudice the rights of any person whatever.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Provided</i> the deductions are logical, they seem
almost indifferent to their truth.</blockquote> <i>G. H.
Lewes.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word is strictly a participle, and the word
<i>being</i> is understood, the participle <i>provided</i> agreeing
with the whole sentence absolute, and being equivalent to <i>this
condition being previously stipulated or established</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Prov"i*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>providentia</i>: cf. F. <i>providence</i>. See <u>Provident</u>,
and cf. <u>Prudence</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of providing
or preparing for future use or application; a making ready;
preparation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Providence</i> for war is the best prevention of
it.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Foresight; care; especially, the foresight
and care which God manifests for his creatures; hence, God himself,
regarded as exercising a constant wise prescience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world was all before them, where to choose<BR>
Their place of rest, and <i>Providence</i> their guide.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A manifestation of the care
and superintendence which God exercises over his creatures; an event
ordained by divine direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that hath a numerous family, and many to provide
for, needs a greater <i>providence</i> of God.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1155 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Prudence in the management of one's
concerns; economy; frugality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a high point of <i>providence</i> in a prince to
cast an eye rather upon actions than persons.</blockquote>
<i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prov"i*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>providens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>providere</i>: cf. F.
<i>provident</i>. See <u>Provide</u>, and cf. <u>Prudent</u>.]
<def>Foreseeing wants and making provision to supply them; prudent in
preparing for future exigencies; cautious; economical; -- sometimes
followed by <i>of</i>; as, a<i>provident</i> man; an animal
<i>provident</i> of the future.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And of our good and of our dignity,<BR>
How <i>provident</i> he is.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Forecasting; cautious; careful; prudent; frugal;
economical.</p>

<p><hw>Prov`i*den"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>providentiel</i>.] <def>Effected by, or referable to, divine
direction or superintendence; as, the <i>providential</i> contrivance
of thing; a <i>providential</i> escape.</def> --
<wf>Prov"i*den"tial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Prov"i*dent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
provident manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prov"i*dent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being provident; carefulness; prudence; economy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
provides, furnishes, or supplies; one who procures what is
wanted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prov"i*dore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Provedore</u>.] <def>One who makes provision; a purveyor.</def>
[R.]  <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prov"ince</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>provincia</i>; prob. fr. <i>pro</i> before, for + the root of
<i>vincere</i> to conquer. See <u>Victor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Roman Hist.)</i> <def>A country or region, more or less remote
from the city of Rome, brought under the Roman government; a conquered
country beyond the limits of Italy.</def>  <i>Wyclif (Acts xiii. 34).
Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A country or region dependent on a distant
authority; a portion of an empire or state, esp. one remote from the
capital.</def> "Kingdoms and <i>provinces</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A region of country; a tract; a
district.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Over many a tract<BR>
of heaven they marched, and many a <i>province</i> wide.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Other <i>provinces</i> of the intellectual
world.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A region under the supervision or direction
of any special person; the district or division of a country,
especially an ecclesiastical division, over which one has
jurisdiction; as, the <i>province</i> of Canterbury, or that in which
the archbishop of Canterbury exercises ecclesiastical
authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The proper or appropriate business or duty
of a person or body; office; charge; jurisdiction; sphere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The woman's<i>province</i> is to be careful in her
economy, and chaste in her affection.</blockquote> <i>Tattler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Specif.: Any political division of the
Dominion of Canada, having a governor, a local legislature, and
representation in the Dominion parliament. Hence, colloquially, <i>The
Provinces</i>, the Dominion of Canada.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vin"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>provincialis</i>: cf. F. <i>provincial</i>. See <u>Province</u>,
and cf. <u>Provencal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
province; constituting a province; as, a <i>provincial</i> government;
a <i>provincial</i> dialect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting the ways or manners of a
province; characteristic of the inhabitants of a province; not
cosmopolitan; countrified; not polished; rude; hence, narrow;
illiberal.</def> "<i>Provincial</i> airs and graces."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an ecclesiastical
province, or to the jurisdiction of an archbishop; not ecumenical; as,
a <i>provincial</i> synod.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Provence;
Provencal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With two <i>Provincial</i> roses on my razed
shoes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vin"cial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person belonging to a province; one who is
provincial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A monastic superior,
who, under the general of his order, has the direction of all the
religious houses of the same fraternity in a given district, called a
<i>province</i> of the order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vin"cial*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>provincialisme</i>.] <def>A word, or a manner of speaking, peculiar
to a province or a district remote from the mother country or from the
metropolis; a provincial characteristic; hence, narrowness;
illiberality.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vin"cial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lives
in a province; a provincial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vin`ci*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being provincial; peculiarity of language
characteristic of a province.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vin"cial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Provincialized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Provincializing</u> (?).] <def>To render
provincial.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vin"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
provincial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vin"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
convert into a province or provinces.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>provingner</i>, fr. <i>provin</i> a set, layer of a plant, OF.
<i>provain</i>, from L. <i>propago</i>, <i>-aginis</i>, akin to
<i>propagare</i> to propagate. See <u>Propagate</u>, <u>Prune</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To lay a stock or branch of a vine in
the ground for propagation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>provisio</i>:
cf. F.  <i>provision</i>. See <u>Provide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of providing, or making previous preparation.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is provided or prepared; that
which is brought together or arranged in advance; measures taken
beforehand; preparation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Making <i>provision</i> for the relief of
strangers.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Especially, a stock of food; any kind of
eatables collected or stored; -- often in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And of <i>provisions</i> laid in large,<BR>
For man and beast.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is stipulated in advance; a
condition; a previous agreement; a proviso; as, the <i>provisions</i>
of a contract; the statute has many <i>provisions</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A canonical term for
regular induction into a benefice, comprehending nomination,
collation, and installation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>A nomination by the
pope to a benefice before it became vacant, depriving the patron of
his right of presentation.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Provisioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Provisioning</u>.] <def>To supply with food; to
victual; as, to <i>provision</i> a garrison.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were <i>provisioned</i> for a
journey.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vi"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>provisionnel</i>.] <def>Of the nature of a provision; serving as a
provision for the time being; -- used of partial or temporary
arrangements; as, a <i>provisional</i> government; a
<i>provisional</i> treaty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vi"sion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
provision for the time being; temporarily.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vi"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Provisional.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vi"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Provisos</b></plw> (#). [L., (it) being provided, abl. of
<i>provisus</i>, p. p. of <i>providere</i>. See <u>Provide</u>, and
cf. <u>Purview</u>.] <def>An article or clause in any statute,
agreement, contract, grant, or other writing, by which a condition is
introduced, usually beginning with the word <i>provided</i>; a
conditional stipulation that affects an agreement, contract, law,
grant, or the like; as, the contract was impaired by its
<i>proviso</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He doth deny his prisoners,<BR>
But with <i>proviso</i> and exception.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vi"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>providere</i>: cf. F. <i>proviseur</i>. See <u>Provide</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who provides; a purveyor.</def> [Obs.]
"The chief <i>provisor</i> of our horse."  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
purveyor, steward, or treasurer of a religious house.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who is regularly inducted
into a benefice. See <u>Provision</u>, 5.</def>  <i>P.
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>One who procures or
receives a papal provision. See <u>Provision</u>, 6.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vi"so*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
provisory manner; conditionally; subject to a proviso; as, to admit a
doctrine <i>provisorily</i>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vi"sor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or position of a provisor.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vi"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>provisoire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of a
proviso; containing a proviso or condition; conditional; as, a
<i>provisory</i> clause.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Making temporary provision;
provisional.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prov`o*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>provocation</i>, L. <i>provocatio</i>. See <u>Provoke</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of provoking, or causing vexation or,
anger.</def>  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which provokes, or excites anger; the
cause of resentment; as, to give <i>provocation</i>.</def>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Incitement; stimulus; as,
<i>provocation</i> to mirth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Such prior insult or injury as
may be supposed, under the circumstances, to create hot blood, and to
excuse an assault made in retort or redress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An appeal to a court. [A Latinism]</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vo"ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>provocativus</i>: cf. OF. <i>provocatif</i>.] <def>Serving or
tending to provoke, excite, or stimulate; exciting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vo"ca*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything that is
provocative; a stimulant; as, a <i>provocative</i> of
appetite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vo"ca*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being provocative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vo"ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Provocative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vok"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
provoked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*voke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Provoked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Provoking</u>.] [F. <i>provoquer</i>, L. <i>provocare</i> to call
forth; <i>pro</i> forth + <i>vocare</i> to call, fr. <i>vox</i>,
<i>vocis</i>, voice, cry, call. See <u>Voice</u>.] <def>To call forth;
to call into being or action; esp., to incense to action, a faculty or
passion, as love, hate, or ambition; hence, commonly, to incite, as a
person, to action by a challenge, by taunts, or by defiance; to
exasperate; to irritate; to offend intolerably; to cause to
retaliate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Obey his voice, <i>provoke</i> him not.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xxiii. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye fathers, <i>provoke</i> not your children to
wrath.</blockquote> <i>Eph. vi. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such acts<BR>
Of contumacy will <i>provoke</i> the Highest<BR>
To make death in us live.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can honor's voice <i>provoke</i> the silent
dust?</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To the poet the meaning is what he pleases to make it,
what it <i>provokes</i> in his own soul.</blockquote> <i> J.
Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To irritate; arouse; stir up; awake; excite; incite;
anger. See <u>Irritate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pro*voke"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause provocation or anger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To appeal. [A Latinism]</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*voke"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act that
which, provokes; one who excites anger or other passion, or incites to
action; as, a <i>provoker</i> of sedition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drink, sir, is a great <i>provoker</i> of three
things.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*vok"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the power or
quality of exciting resentment; tending to awaken passion or vexation;
as, <i>provoking</i> words or treatment.</def> --
<wf>Pro*vok"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Prov"ost</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>provost</i> (L.
<i>prae</i> and <i>pro</i> being confused), F. <i>prev&ocirc;t</i>,
fr. L. <i>praepositus</i> placed before, a chief, fr.
<i>praeponere</i> to place before: cf. AS. <i>pr&amacr;fost</i>,
<i>pr&omacr;fast</i>. See <u>Preposition</u>, and cf.
<u>Propound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person who is appointed to
superintend, or preside over, something; the chief magistrate in some
cities and towns; as, the <i>provost</i> of Edinburgh or of Glasgow,
answering to the mayor of other cities; the <i>provost</i> of a
college, answering to president; the <i>provost</i> or head of certain
collegiate churches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The keeper of a prison.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In France, formerly, a <i>provost</i> was an inferior judge
who had cognizance of civil causes. The <i>grand provost of
France</i>, <i>or of the household</i>, had jurisdiction in the king's
house, and over its officers.</p>

<p><col><b>Provost marshal</b></col> (often pronounced &?;).
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>An officer appointed in every
army, in the field, to secure the prisoners confined on charges of a
general nature. He also performs such other duties pertaining to
police and discipline as the regulations of the service or the
commander's orders impose upon him.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Nav.)</i> <cd>An officer who has charge of prisoners on trial by
court-martial, serves notices to witnesses, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prov"ost*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
provost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>proue</i> (cf. Sp. &
Pg. <i>proa</i>, It. <i>prua</i>), L. <i>prora</i>, Gr. &?;, akin to
&?; before. See <u>Pro-</u>, and cf. <u>Prore</u>.] <def>The fore part
of a vessel; the bow; the stem; hence, the vessel itself.</def>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The floating vessel swum<BR>
Uplifted, and secure with beaked <i>prow</i><BR>
rode tilting o'er the waves.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Proa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prow</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Prower</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Prowest</u>.] [OF.
<i>prou</i>, <i>preu</i>, F. <i>preux</i>, fr. L. <i>pro</i>,
<i>prod</i>, in <i>prodesse</i> to be useful. See <u>Pro-</u>, and cf.
<u>Prude</u>.] <def>Valiant; brave; gallant; courageous.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>prowest</i> knight that ever field did
fight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prow</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; OF. <i>prou</i>. See
<u>Prow</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Benefit; profit; good;
advantage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That shall be for your hele and for your
<i>prow</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prow"ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>proece</i>,
<i>proesce</i>, F. <i>prouesse</i>. See <u>Prow</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Distinguished bravery; valor; especially,
military bravery and skill; gallantry; intrepidity;
fearlessness.</def>  <i>Chaucer. Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He by his <i>prowess</i> conquered all
France.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prowl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Prowled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prowling</u>.] [OE. <i>prollen</i> to search about; of uncertain
origin, perh. for <i>proglen</i>, a dim. of <i>prog</i> to beg, or
<i>proke</i> to poke.  Cf. <u>Proke</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
rove over, through, or about in a stealthy manner; esp., to search in,
as for prey or booty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>prowls</i> each place, still in new colors
decked.</blockquote> <i> Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To collect by plunder; as, to <i>prowl</i>
money.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prowl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rove or wander
stealthily, esp. for prey, as a wild beast; hence, to prey; to
plunder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prowl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
prowling.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prowl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
prowls.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prowl"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accustomed to prowl,
or engaged in roving stealthily, as for prey.</def> "A <i>prowling</i>
wolf." <i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Prowl"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Prox</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Proxy</u>.]
<def>"The ticket or list of candidates at elections, presented to the
people for their votes."</def> [Rhode Island]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prox"ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. &?;; &?; before +
&?; a guest, stranger: cf. F. <i>prox&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>An officer who had the charge of showing hospitality
to those who came from a friendly city or state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prox"e*net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>proxeneta</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <def>A negotiator; a factor.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prox"i*mad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Proximal</i> +
L. <i>ad</i> to.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Toward a proximal part; on the
proximal side of; proximally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prox"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Toward or nearest, as to a body, or center of motion of
dependence; proximate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated
near the point of attachment or origin; as, the <i>proximal</i> part
of a limb.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to that
which is proximal; as, the <i>proximal</i> bones of a limb. Opposed to
<i>distal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prox"i*mal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>On or toward a proximal part; proximad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prox"i*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proximatus</i>, p. p. of <i>proximare</i> to come near, to
approach, fr. <i>proximus</i> the nearest, nest, superl. of
<i>propior</i> nearer, and <i>prope</i>, adv., near.] <def>Nearest;
next immediately preceding or following.</def> "<i>Proximate</i>
ancestors."  <i>J. S. Harford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>proximate</i> natural causes of it [the
deluge].</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Proximate analysis</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an
analysis which determines the proximate principles of any substance,
as contrasted with an <i>ultimate analysis</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Proximate cause</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A cause
which immediately precedes and produces the effect, as distinguished
from the <i>remote</i>, <i>mediate</i>, <i>or predisposing</i>
cause.</cd> <i>I. Watts.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>That which in
ordinary natural sequence produces a specific result, no independent
disturbing agencies intervening.</cd> -- <col><b>Proximate
principle</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, <cd>one of a class of
bodies existing ready formed in animal and vegetable tissues, and
separable by chemical analysis, as albumin, sugar, collagen, fat,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Nearest; next; closest; immediate; direct.</p>

<p><hw>Prox"i*mate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a proximate
manner, position, or degree; immediately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prox"ime</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>proximus</i>.
See <u>Proximate</u>.] <def>Next; immediately preceding or
following.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prox*im"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Proximate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prox*im"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proximitas</i>: cf. F. <i>proximit&eacute;</i> See
<u>Proximate</u>, and cf. <u>Propinquity</u>, <u>Approach</u>.]
<def>The quality or state of being next in time, place, causation,
influence, etc.; immediate nearness, either in place, blood, or
alliance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he plead <i>proximity</i> of blood<BR>
That empty title is with ease withstood.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prox"i*mo</hw> (?). [L., on the next, abl. of <i>proximus</i>
next.] <def>In the next month after the present; -- often contracted
to <i>prox.</i>; as, on the 3d <i>proximo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prox"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Proxies</b></plw> (#). [Contr. from <i>procuracy</i>.  Cf.
<u>Proctor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The agency for another who
acts through the agent; authority to act for another, esp. to vote in
a legislative or corporate capacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have no man's <i>proxy</i>: I speak only for
myself.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The person who is substituted or deputed to
act or vote for another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every peer . . . may make another lord of parliament
his <i>proxy</i>, to vote for him in his absence.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A writing by which one person authorizes
another to vote in his stead, as in a corporation meeting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The written appointment
of a proctor in suits in the ecclesiastical courts.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>See
<u>Procuration</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Prox"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act or vote by
proxy; to do anything by the agency of another.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Prox"y*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
agency of a proxy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pruce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. for <i>Prussia</i>:
cf. F. <i>Prusse</i>.] <def>Prussian leather.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1156 !></p>

<p><hw>Prude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prudish, originally,
discreet, modest; shortened from OF. <i>prudefeme</i>,
<i>preudefeme</i>, a discreet or excellent woman; OF. <i>preu</i>,
<i>prou</i>, excellent, brave + <i>de</i> of + <i>fete</i> woman. See
<u>Prow</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Prowess</u>.] <def>A woman of
affected modesty, reserve, or coyness; one who is overscrupulous or
sensitive; one who affects extraordinary prudence in conduct and
speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Less modest than the speech of
<i>prudes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pru"dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>prudentia</i>, contr. from <i>providentia</i>. See <u>Prudent</u>,
and cf. <u>Providence</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being
prudent; wisdom in the way of caution and provision; discretion;
carefulness; hence, also, economy; frugality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Prudence</i> is principally in reference to actions
to be done, and due means, order, seasons, and method of doing or not
doing.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Prudence</i> supposes the value of the end to be
assumed, and refers only to the adaptation of the means. It is the
relation of right means for given ends.</blockquote>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wisdom; forecast; providence; considerateness;
judiciousness; discretion; caution; circumspection; judgment. See
<u>Wisdom</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pru"den*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Prudence.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pru"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>prudens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, contr. from <i>providens</i>: cf. F. <i>prudent</i>.
See <u>Provident</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sagacious in adapting
means to ends; circumspect in action, or in determining any line of
conduct; practically wise; judicious; careful; discreet; sensible; --
opposed to <i>rash</i>; as, a <i>prudent</i> man; dictated or directed
by prudence or wise forethought; evincing prudence; as, <i>prudent</i>
behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses established a grave and <i>prudent</i>
law.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Frugal; economical; not extravagant; as, a
<i>prudent</i> woman; <i>prudent</i> expenditure of money.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cautious; wary; circumspect; considerate; discreet;
judicious; provident; economical; frugal.
</p>

<p><hw>Pru*den"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Proceeding from, or dictated or characterized by, prudence;
prudent; discreet; sometimes, selfish or pecuniary as distinguished
from higher motives or influences; as, <i>prudential</i>
motives.</def> " A <i>prudential</i> line of conduct."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exercising prudence; discretionary;
advisory; superintending or executive; as, a <i>prudential</i>
committee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pru*den"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which relates
to or demands the exercise of, discretion or prudence; -- usually in
the <i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many stanzas, in poetic measures, contain rules
relating to common <i>prudentials</i> as well as to
religion.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pru*den"tial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
governed by, or acts from, prudential motives.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pru*den`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being prudential.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pru*den"tial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
prudential manner; prudently.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pru"dent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a prudent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prud"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pruderies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>pruderie</i>. See
<u>Prude</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being prudish; excessive
or affected scrupulousness in speech or conduct; stiffness;
coyness.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prud*homme"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>prud'homme</i>. cf. <u>Prude</u>.] <def>A trustworthy citizen; a
skilled workman. See Citation under 3d <u>Commune</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prud"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a prude; very
formal, precise, or reserved; affectedly severe in virtue; as, a
<i>prudish</i> woman; <i>prudish</i> manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A formal lecture, spoke with <i>prudish</i>
face.</blockquote> <i>Garrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prud"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a prudish
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pru"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pruinose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pru"i*nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pruinosus</i>, fr. <i>pruina</i> hoarfrost.] <def>Frosty; covered
with fine scales, hairs, dust, bloom, or the like, so as to give the
appearance of frost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pru"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Frosty;
pruinose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prune</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pruned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pruning</u>.] [OE. <i>proine</i>, probably fr. F. <i>provigner</i>
to lay down vine stocks for propagation; hence, probably, the meaning,
to cut away superfluous shoots. See <u>Provine</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lop or cut off the superfluous parts,
branches, or shoots of; to clear of useless material; to shape or
smooth by trimming; to trim: as, to <i>prune</i> trees; to
<i>prune</i> an essay.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Taking into consideration how they [laws] are to be
<i>pruned</i> and reformed.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our delightful task<BR>
To <i>prune</i> these growing plants, and tend these
flowers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut off or cut out, as useless
parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Horace will our superfluous branches
<i>prune</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To preen; to prepare; to dress.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His royal bird<BR>
<i>Prunes</i> the immortal wing and cloys his beak.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prune</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dress; to prink; -
used humorously or in contempt.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prune</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>prune</i>, from L.
<i>prunum</i> a plum. See <u>Plum</u>.] <def>A plum; esp., a dried
plum, used in cookery; as, French or Turkish <i>prunes</i>; California
<i>prunes</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>German prune</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a large dark
purple plum, of oval shape, often one-sided. It is much used for
preserving, either dried or in sirup.</cd> -- <col><b>Prune
tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A tree of the
genus <i>Prunus</i> (<i>P. domestica</i>), which produces prunes.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The West Indian tree, <i>Prunus
occidentalis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>South African prune</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the edible fruit of a sapindaceous tree (<i>Pappea
Capensis</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pru*nel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., perhaps from
G. <i>br&aelig;une</i> quinsy, croup.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Angina, or angina pectoris.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Thrush.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prunella salt</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>niter fused
and cast into little balls.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pru*nel"la</hw>, <hw>Pru*nel"lo</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>prunelle</i>, probably so called from its color resembling that
of prunes. See <u>Prune</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A smooth
woolen stuff, generally black, used for making shoes; a kind of
lasting; -- formerly used also for clergymen's gowns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pru*nelle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>prune</i>. See <u>Prune</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A kind of
small and very acid French plum; -- applied especially to the stoned
and dried fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pru*nel"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>prunelle</i>,
dim. of <i>prune</i>. See <u>Prune</u> a plum.] <def>A species of
dried plum; prunelle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prun"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who prunes, or removes, what is superfluous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of beetles whose larv&aelig; gnaw the branches of trees so as
to cause them to fall, especially the American oak pruner (<i>Asemum
m&oelig;stum</i>), whose larva eats the pith of oak branches, and when
mature gnaws a circular furrow on the inside nearly to the bark. When
the branches fall each contains a pupa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pru*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>prunum</i>
a plum + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing plums.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prun"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of trimming, or removing what is superfluous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>That which is cast off by
bird in pruning her feathers; leavings.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pruning hook</b></col>, or <col><b>Pruning knife</b></col>,
<cd>cutting instrument used in pruning trees, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Pruning shears</b></col>, <cd>shears for pruning trees, vines,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pru"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a plum tree.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees with perigynous rosaceous flowers,
and a single two-ovuled carpel which usually becomes a drupe in
ripening.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Originally, this genus was limited to the plums, then, by
Linn&aelig;us, was made to include the cherries and the apricot. Later
botanists separated these into several genera, as <i>Prunus</i>,
<i>Cerasus</i>, and <i>Armeniaca</i>, but now, by Bentham and Hooker,
the plums, cherries, cherry laurels, peach, almond, and nectarine are
all placed in <i>Prunus</i>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pru"ri*ence</hw> (?), <hw>Pru"ri*en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being
prurient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pruriency</i> of curious ears.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>prurience</i> in the speech of
some.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pru"ri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pruries</i>, -
<i>entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>prurire</i> to itch.  Cf. <u>Freeze</u>.]
<def>Uneasy with desire; itching; especially, having a lascivious
curiosity or propensity; lustful.</def> -- <wf>Pru"ri*ent*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The eye of the vain and <i>prurient</i> is darting from
object to object of illicit attraction.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pru*rig"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pruriginosus</i>: cf. F. <i>prurigineux</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Tending to, or caused by, prurigo; affected by, or of the nature
of, prurigo.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pru*ri"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an itching, the
itch, fr. <i>prurire</i> to itch.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A papular
disease of the skin, of which intense itching is the chief symptom,
the eruption scarcely differing from the healthy cuticle in
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pru*ri"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Itching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prus"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>Prussia</i>,
the country: cf. F. <i>prussien</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
Prussia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Prussia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prussian blue</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several complex double cyanides of ferrous and ferric iron;
specifically, a dark blue amorphous substance having a coppery luster,
obtained by adding a solution of potassium ferrocyanide (yellow
prussiate of potash) to a ferric salt. It is used in dyeing, in ink,
etc. Called also <i>Williamson's blue</i>, <i>insoluble Prussian
blue</i>, <i>Berlin blue</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Prussian
carp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Gibel</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Prussian green</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Berlin
green</i>, under <u>Berlin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prus"si*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>prussiate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of prussic acid; a
cyanide.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Red prussiate of potash</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Potassium
ferricyanide</i>, under <u>Ferricyanide</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow
prussiate of potash</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Potassium ferrocyanide</i>,
under <u>Ferrocyanide</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Prus"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>prussique</i>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>designating the acid now
called hydrocyanic acid, but formerly called <i>prussic acid</i>,
because Prussian blue is derived from it or its compounds. See
<u>Hydrocyanic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pru*ten"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>Prussian; -- applied to certain astronomical tables published in
the sixteenth century, founded on the principles of Copernicus, a
Prussian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. <i>prize</i>
a lever. See <u>Prize</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A lever; also,
leverage.</def> [Local, U. S. &amp; Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Pry pole</b></col>, <cd>the pole which forms the prop of a
hoisting gin, and stands facing the windlass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Prying</u>.] <def>To raise or move, or attempt to raise or move,
with a pry or lever; to prize.</def> [Local, U. S. &amp; Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>prien</i>.  Cf.
<u>Peer</u> to peep.] <def>To peep narrowly; to gaze; to inspect
closely; to attempt to discover something by a scrutinizing curiosity;
-- often implying reproach.</def> " To <i>pry</i> upon the stars."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Watch thou and wake when others be asleep,<BR>
To <i>pry</i> into the secrets of the state.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Curious inspection;
impertinent peeping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pry"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>See
<u>Prian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pry"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inspecting closely or
impertinently.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inquisitive; curious. See <u>Inquisitive</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pry"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a prying
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pryt`a*ne"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; prytanis.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A public building in
certain Greek cities; especially, a public hall in Athens regarded as
the home of the community, in which official hospitality was extended
to distinguished citizens and strangers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pryt"a*nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Prytanes</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i>
<def>A member of one of the ten sections into which the Athenian
senate of five hundred was divided, and to each of which belonged the
presidency of the senate for about one tenth of the year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pryt"a*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>The period during which the presidency of the senate
belonged to the prytanes of the section.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pryth"ee</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Prithee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psalm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>psalm</i>,
<i>salm</i>, AS. <i>sealm</i>, L. <i>psalmus</i>, <i>psalma</i>, fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?; to pull, twitch, to play upon a stringed
instrument, to sing to the harp: cf. OF. <i>psalme</i>, <i>salme</i>,
F. <i>psaume</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sacred song; a poetical
composition for use in the praise or worship of God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Humus devout and holy <i>psalms</i><BR>
Singing everlastingly.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, one of the hymns by David and
others, collected into one book of the Old Testament, or a modern
metrical version of such a hymn for public worship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psalm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To extol in psalms; to
sing; as, <i>psalming</i> his praises.</def>  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Psalm"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>psalmista</i>,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>psalmiste</i>. See <u>Psalm</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A writer or composer of sacred songs; -- a
title particularly applied to David and the other authors of the
Scriptural psalms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A clerk, precentor,
singer, or leader of music, in the church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psalm"ist*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use of
psalms in devotion; psalmody.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Psal*mod"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Psal*mod"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>psalmodique</i>.] <def>Relating to
psalmody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psal"mo*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sings
sacred songs; a psalmist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psal"mo*dize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice
psalmody.</def> " The <i>psalmodizing</i> art."  <i>J. G.
Cooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Psal"mo*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; psalm +
&?; a song, an ode: cf. F. <i>psalmodie</i>, LL. <i>psalmodia</i>. See
<u>Psalm</u>, and <u>Ode</u>.] <def>The act, practice, or art of
singing psalms or sacred songs; also, psalms collectively, or a
collection of psalms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psal"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Psalmographer</u>.] <def>A writer of psalms; a
psalmographer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Psal*mog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <hw>Psal*mog"ra*phist</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>psalmographus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; a psalm +
&?; to write.] <def>A writer of psalms, or sacred songs and
hymns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psal*mog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>psalmographie</i>.] <def>The act or practice of writing psalms, or
sacred songs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psal"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>psauter</i>,
<i>sauter</i>, OF. <i>sautier</i>, <i>psaltier</i>, F.
<i>psautier</i>, from L. <i>psalterium</i>. See <u>Psaltery</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The Book of Psalms; -- often applied to a book
containing the Psalms separately printed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the Book of Psalms as printed
in the Book of Common Prayer; among the Roman Catholics, the part of
the Breviary which contains the Psalms arranged for each day of the
week.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A rosary, consisting of
a hundred and fifty beads, corresponding to the number of the
psalms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psal*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the psalterium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Psal*te"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Psalteria</b></plw> (#). [L., a psaltery.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The third stomach of ruminants. See
<u>Manyplies</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The lyra of the
brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psal"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Psalteries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>sautrie</i>, OF.
<i>psalterie</i>, F. <i>psalt&eacute;rion</i>, L. <i>psalterium</i>
psaltery, psalter, from Gr. &?;, fr. &?;. See <u>Psalm</u>,
<u>Psalter</u>.] <def>A stringed instrument of music used by the
Hebrews, the form of which is not known.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Praise the Lord with harp; sing unto him with the
<i>psaltery</i> and an instrument of ten strings.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
xxxiii. 2.</i></p>

<p><hw>Psam"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sandy, from
&?; sand: cf. F. <i>psammite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A species of
micaceous sandstone.</def> -- <wf>Psam*mit"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Psar"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; speckled +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A silicified stem of tree fern,
found in abundance in the Triassic sandstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psel"lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
stammer.] <def>Indistinct pronunciation; stammering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pse"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a decree, fr.
&?; to vote with a pebble, fr. &?; pebble.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A
proposition adopted by a majority of votes; especially, one adopted by
vote of the Athenian people; a statute.</def>  <i>J. P.
Mahaffy.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`d&aelig;s*the"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Pseudo-</u>, and <u>&AElig;sthesia</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>False or imaginary feeling or sense perception such as occurs in
hypochondriasis, or such as is referred to an organ that has been
removed, as an amputated foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu*dem"bry*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-</i> +
<i>embryo</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A false
embryo.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An asexual form from which the
true embryo is produced by budding.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pseu*dep`i*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pseu*dep`i*graph"ic</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
pseudepigraphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`de*pig"ra*phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
falsely inscribed. See <u>Pseudo-</u>, and <u>Epigraphy</u>.]
<def>Inscribed with a false name.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`de*pig"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
ascription of false names of authors to works.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseud*h&aelig;"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-
</i> + <i>h&aelig;mal</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
vascular system of annelids.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pseudh&aelig;mal fluid</b></col>, <cd>the circulatory
fluid, or blood, of annelids, analogous to the blood of vertebrates.
It is often red, but is sometimes green or colorless.</cd> --
<col><b>Pseudh&aelig;mal vessels</b></col>, <cd>the blood vessels of
annelids.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>pseydh`s</grk>  lying, false, akin
to <grk>psey`dein</grk>  to belie; cf. <grk>psydro`s</grk>  lying,
<grk>psy`qos</grk>  a lie.] <def>A combining form or prefix signifying
<i>false</i>, <i>counterfeit</i>, <i>pretended</i>, <i>spurious</i>;
as, <i>pseudo</i>-apostle, a false apostle; <i>pseudo</i>-clergy,
false or spurious clergy; <i>pseudo</i>-episcopacy, <i>pseudo</i>-
form, <i>pseudo</i>-martyr, <i>pseudo</i>-philosopher. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do*bac*te"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[<i>Pseudo-</i> + <i>bacteria</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Microscopic
organic particles, molecular granules, powdered inorganic substances,
etc., which in form, size, and grouping resemble bacteria.</def></p>

<p>The globules which divide and develop in form of chains are
organized beings; when this does not occur, we are dealing with
<i>pseudobacteria</i>.
<i>Sternberg.</i>
</p>

<p><! p. 1157 !></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*blep"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>pseydh`s</grk> false + <grk>ble`psis</grk> sight.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>False or depraved sight; imaginary vision of objects.</def>
<i>Forsyth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Pseudobranchia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pseudobranchi&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pseudo-</u>,
and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A rudimentary branchia, or
gill.</def> -- <wf>Pseu`do*bran"chi*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do-bulb`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-</i> +
<i>bulb</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An a&euml;rial corm, or thickened
stem, as of some epiphytic orchidaceous plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-</i> +
Gr. &?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That portion of an anthocarpous
fruit which is not derived from the ovary, as the soft part of a
strawberry or of a fig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do-chi"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-</i> +
<i>china</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The false china root, a plant of the
genus <i>Smilax</i> (<i>S. Pseudo-china</i>), found in
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do*c&oelig;le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pseudoc&oelig;lia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*c&oelig;"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>pseydh`s</grk>  false + &?; hollow.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The fifth ventricle in the mammalian brain. See
<u>Ventricle</u>.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do-cone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-</i> +
<i>cone</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the soft gelatinous
cones found in the compound eyes of certain insects, taking the place
of the crystalline cones of others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do-cu"mene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-</i>
+ <i>cumene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon of the aromatic
series, metameric with mesitylene and cumene, found in coal tar, and
obtained as a colorless liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do-dip"ter*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-
</i> + <i>dipteral</i>: cf. F. <i>pseudodipt&egrave;re</i>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Falsely or imperfectly dipteral, as a temple with
the inner range of columns surrounding the cella omitted, so that the
space between the cella wall and the columns is very great, being
equal to two intercolumns and one column.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pseudo-dipteral temple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do*dox</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>pseydo`doxos</grk>; <grk>pseydh`s</grk>  false + <grk>do`xa</grk>
an opinion.] <def>Not true in opinion or doctrine; false.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A false opinion or doctrine.</def> "To
maintain the atheistical <i>pseudodox</i> which judgeth evil good, and
darkness light."  <i>T. Adams.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*fi*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pseudofilari&?;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pseudo-</u>, and
<u>Filaria</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the two elongated
vibratile young formed by fission of the embryo during the development
of certain Gregarin&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do-ga*le"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-</i>
+ <i>galena</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>False galena, or blende. See
<u>Blende</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pseudography</u>.] <def>A false writing; a spurious document; a
forgery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu*dog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>pseydh`s</grk>  false + &?; to write.] <def>False writing;
forgery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*hal"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pseudohalteres</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pseudo-</u>, and
<u>Halteres</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the rudimentary
front wings of certain insects (<i>Stylops</i>). They resemble the
halteres, or rudimentary hind wings, of Diptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do-heart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-</i> +
<i>heart</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any contractile vessel of
invertebrates which is not of the nature of a real heart, especially
one of those pertaining to the excretory system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do-hy`per*thoph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Pseudo-</i> + <i>hypertrophic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Falsely
hypertrophic; as, <i>pseudo-hypertrophic</i> paralysis, a variety of
paralysis in which the muscles are apparently enlarged, but are really
degenerated and replaced by fat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu*dol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>One who utters falsehoods; a liar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu*dol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>pseydh`s</grk>  false + &?; speech: cf. F. <i>pseudologie</i>.]
<def>Falsehood of speech.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do-me*tal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-
</i> + <i>metallic</i>.] <def>Falsely or imperfectly metallic; -- said
of a kind of luster, as in minerals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do-mon`o*cot`y*led"on*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Pseudo-</i> + <i>monocotyledonous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
two coalescent cotyledons, as the live oak and the horse-
chestnut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do*morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pseudomorphous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An irregular or
deceptive form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A pseudomorphous
crystal, as a crystal consisting of quartz, but having the cubic form
of fluor spar, the fluor crystal having been changed to quartz by a
process of substitution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The state of having, or the property of
taking, a crystalline form unlike that which belongs to the
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>pseydh`s</grk>  false + &?; form: cf. F. <i>pseudomorphe</i>.]
<def>Not having the true form.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pseudomorphous crystal</b></col>, <cd>one which has a form
that does not result from its own powers of crystallization.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*nav`i*cel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Pseudonavicull&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pseudonavicula</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*na*vic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Pseudonavicul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>pseydh`s</grk>  false + NL. <i>navicula</i>, a genus of diatoms.
See <u>Navicular</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the minute
spindle-shaped embryos of Gregarin&aelig; and some other
Protozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*neu*rop"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Pseudo-</u>, and <u>Neuroptera</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>division of insects <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> reticulated wings, as in
the Neuroptera, but having an active pupa state. It includes the
dragon flies, May flies, white ants, etc. By some zo&ouml;logists they
are classed with the Orthoptera; by others, with the
Neuroptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do*neu*rop"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zool.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Pseudoneuroptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do*nym</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pseudonyme</i>. See <u>Pseudonymous</u>.] <def>A fictitious name
assumed for the time, as by an author; a pen name.</def> [Written also
<i>pseudonyme</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do*nym"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The using
of fictitious names, as by authors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu*don"y*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>pseydh`s</grk>  false + &?;, &?;, a name: cf. F.
<i>pseudonyme</i>. See <u>Pseudo-</u>, and <u>Name</u>.] <def>Bearing
a false or fictitious name; as, a <i>pseudonymous</i> work.</def> --
<wf>Pseu*don"y*mous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pseu*don"y*mous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do-pe*rip"ter*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Pseudo-</i> + <i>peripteral</i>: cf. F.
<i>pseudop&eacute;ript&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Falsely or
imperfectly peripteral, as a temple having the columns at the sides
attached to the walls, and an ambulatory only at the ends or only at
one end.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pseudo-peripteral
temple.</def>  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>||Pseu"do*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-</i> +
<i>-pod</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Any protoplasmic
filament or irregular process projecting from any unicellular
organism, or from any animal or plant call.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rhizopod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do*po"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a pseudopod, or to pseudopodia. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Heliozoa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pseudopodia</b></plw> (&?;). [NL.] <def>Same as
<u>Pseudopod</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*pu"pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Pseudopup&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E.
<plw><b>Pseudopupas</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pseudo-</u>, and
<u>Pupa</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A stage intermediate between
the larva and pupa of bees and certain other hymenopterous
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do*rhab"dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-
</i> + Gr. &?; a rod.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the peculiar
rodlike corpuscles found in the integument of certain Turbellaria.
They are filled with a soft granular substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do-ro*man"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>Pseudo-
</i> + <i>romantic</i>.] <def>Falsely romantic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The false taste, the <i>pseudo-romantic</i>
rage.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>An instrument which exhibits
objects with their proper relief reversed; -- an effect opposite to
that produced by the stereoscope.</def>  <i>Wheatstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or formed by, a pseudoscope; having its parts
appearing with the relief reversed; as, a <i>pseudoscopic</i>
image.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*scor`pi*o"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Pseudo-</u>, and <u>Scorpion</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of Arachnoidea having the palpi terminated by large claws, as in
the scorpions, but destitute of a caudal sting; the false scorpions.
Called also <i>Pseudoscorpii</i>, and <i>Pseudoscorpionina</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <i>Book scorpion</i>, under Book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do*sphere`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-</i>
+ <i>sphere</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The surface of constant negative
curvature generated by the revolution of a tractrix. This surface
corresponds in non-Euclidian space to the sphere in ordinary space. An
important property of the surface is that any figure drawn upon it can
be displaced in any way without tearing it or altering in size any of
its elements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu"do*spore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Pseudo-</i>
+ <i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i><def>A peculiar reproductive cell found
in some fungi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*stel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-l&aelig;</b></plw>. [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>pseydh`s</grk> false +
L. <i>stella</i> star.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Any starlike meteor or
phenomenon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pseu*dos"to*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pseudostomata</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pseudo-</u>, and
<u>Stoma</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A group of cells resembling a
stoma, but without any true aperture among them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do-sym*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Exhibiting pseudo-symmetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do-sym"me*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-
</i> + <i>symmetry</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A kind of symmetry
characteristic of certain crystals which from twinning, or other
causes, come to resemble forms of a system other than that to which
they belong, as the apparently hexagonal prisms of
aragonite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*te*tram"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Pseudo-</u>, and <u>Tetramerous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of beetles having the fifth tarsal joint minute and
obscure, so that there appear to be but four joints.</def> --
<wf>Pseu`do*te*tram"er*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu`do*tin"e*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pseudotine&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pseudo-</u>, and
<u>Tinea</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bee moth, or wax moth
(<i>Galleria</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu`do*tur"bi*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pseudo-
</i> + <i>turbinal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Turbinal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pseu*do"va*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pseudovaries</b></plw> (#). [<i>Pseudo-</i> + <i>ovary</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The organ in which pseudova are produced; --
called also <i>pseudovarium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pseu*do"vum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pseudova</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Pseudo-</u>, and
<u>Ovum</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An egglike germ produced by the
agamic females of some insects and other animals, and by the
larv&aelig; of certain insects. It is capable of development without
fertilization. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>P&aelig;dogenesis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pshaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Of imitative
origin.] <def>Pish! pooch! -- an exclamation used as an expression of
contempt, disdain, dislike, etc.</def> [Written also <i>psha</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pshaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To express disgust
or contemptuous disapprobation, as by the exclamation "
<i>Pshaw</i>!"</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The goodman used regularly to frown and <i>pshaw</i>
wherever this topic was touched upon.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Psi`lan*throp"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [see
<u>Psilanthropist</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or embodying,
psilanthropy. "A <i>psilanthropic</i> explanation."</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Psi*lan"thro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Psilanthropy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psi*lan"thro*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bare,
mere + &?; a man.] <def>One who believes that Christ was a mere
man.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Psi*lan"thro*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine of the merely human existence of Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psi*lol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr &?; mere + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>Love of empty of empty talk or noise.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Psi*lom"e*lane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bare +
&?;, &?;, black.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous oxide of manganese,
occurring in smooth, botryoidal forms, and massive, and having an
iron-black or steel-gray color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Psi`lo*p&aelig;"des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr.&?; bare + &?;, &?;, offspring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>birds whose young at first have down on the pteryl&aelig; only; -
- called also <i>Gymnop&aelig;des</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psi`lo*p&aelig;d"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having down upon the pteryl&aelig; only; --
said of the young of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psi*los"o*pher</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; bare, mere +
&?; wise.] <def>A superficial or narrow pretender to philosophy; a
sham philosopher.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Psit*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <hw>Psit"ta*cid</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>psittacus</i> a parrot, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>psittacide</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
parrots, or the Psittaci.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of
the Psittaci.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Psit"ta*ci</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The order of birds which comprises the
parrots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psit`ta-co-ful"*vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
parrot + L. <i>fulvus</i> yellow.] <def>A yellow pigment found in the
feathers of certain parrots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pso"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a muscle of the
loin: cf. f. <i>psoas</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An internal muscle
arising from the lumbar vertebr&aelig; and inserted into the femur. In
man there are usually two on each side, and the larger one, or great
psoas, forms a part of the iliopsoas.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pso"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cutaneous disease; especially, the
itch.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pso*ri"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; psora.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The state
of being affected with psora.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
cutaneous disease, characterized by imbricated silvery scales,
affecting only the superficial layers of the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pso"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>psoricus</i>, Gr.
&?;: cf. F. <i>psorique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
psora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pso"ro*sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; itching +
&?; seed.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A minute parasite, usually the
young of Gregarin&aelig;, in the pseudonavicula stage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy`cha*gog"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Psychagogue</u>.] <def>Attractive; persuasive.</def>  <i>J.
Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Psy"cha*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?;; &?; the
soul + &?; to lead.] <def>A necromancer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Psy"chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Psychical</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the soul; psychical.</def>  <i>Bayne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Psy"che</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>PSychh`</grk> Psyche, fr. <grk>psychh`</grk> the soul.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class Myth.)</i> <def>A lovely maiden, daughter
of a king and mistress of Eros, or Cupid. She is regarded as the
personification of the soul.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The soul; the vital principle; the
mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [F. <i>psych&eacute;</i>.] <def>A cheval
glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy"chi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any small moth of the genus <i>Psyche</i> and allied genera
(family <i>Psychid&aelig;</i>). The larv&aelig; are called <i>basket
worms</i>. See <i>Basket worm</i>, under <u>Basket</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Psy*chi`a*tri"a</hw> (?), <hw>Psy*chi"a*try</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>psychiatria</i>, fr. Gr. &?; the mind +
&?; healing.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The application of the healing art to
mental diseases.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Psy`chi*at"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to psychiatria.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Psy"chic</hw> (?), <hw>Psy"chic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>psychicus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr.
<grk>psychh`</grk> the soul, mind; cf. &?; to blow: cf. F.
<i>psychique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
human soul, or to the living principle in man.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term was formerly used to express the same idea as
<i>psychological</i>. Recent metaphysicians, however, have employed it
to mark the difference between <grk>psychh`</grk> the living principle
in man, and <grk>pney^ma</grk> the rational or spiritual part of his
nature. In this use, the word describes the human soul in its relation
to sense, appetite, and the outer visible world, as distinguished from
spiritual or rational faculties, which have to do with the
supersensible world.
<i>Heyse.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the mind, or its
functions and diseases; mental; -- contrasted with
<i>physical</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Psychical blindness</b></col>, <col><b>Psychical
deafness</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>forms of nervous disease in
which, while the senses of sight and hearing remain unimpaired, the
mind fails to appreciate the significance of the sounds heard or the
images seen.</cd> -- <col><b>Psychical contagion</b></col>, <cd>the
transference of disease, especially of a functional nervous disease,
by mere force of example.</cd> -- <col><b>Psychical
medicine</b></col>, <cd>that department of medicine which treats of
mental diseases.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Psy"chics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Psychology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy"chism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>psychisme</i>.] <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The doctrine of Quesne, that
there is a fluid universally diffused, end equally animating all
living beings, the difference in their actions being due to the
difference of the individual organizations.</def>  <i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1158 !></p>

<p><hw>Psy"cho-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>psychh`</grk> <i>the soul</i>, <i>the mind</i>, <i>the
understanding</i>; as, <i>psycho</i>logy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy`cho*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Genesis
through an internal force, as opposed to <i>natural
selection</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy*chog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Psycho-</i>
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A description of the
phenomena of mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Spiritualism)</i> <def>Spirit
writing.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Psy`cho*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Psy`cho*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>psychologique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to psychology. See Note under <u>Psychic</u>.</def> --
<wf>Psy`cho*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Psy*chol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>psychologiste</i>.] <def>One who is versed in, devoted to,
psychology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy"cho*logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
psychologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy*chol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Psychologies</b></plw> (&?;). [<i>Psycho-</i> + <i>-logy</i>:
cf. F. <i>psychologie</i>. See <u>Psychical</u>.] <def>The science of
the human soul; specifically, the systematic or scientific knowledge
of the powers and functions of the human soul, so far as they are
known by consciousness; a treatise on the human soul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Psychology</i>, the science conversant about the
phenomena of the mind, or conscious subject, or self.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Psy*chom"a*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>psychomachia</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>psychh`</grk> the soul + &?; fight:
cf. &?; desperate fighting.] <def>A conflict of the soul with the
body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy"cho*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Psycho-</i> +
<i>-mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>psychomancie</i>.] <def>Necromancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy*chom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Psycho-</i> +
<i>-metry</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The art of measuring the
duration of mental processes, or of determining the time relations of
mental phenomena.</def> -- <wf>Psy`cho*met"ric</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Psy`cho-mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Psycho-</i> +
<i>motor</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to movement produced by action of
the mind or will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy"cho*pan"ny*chism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Psycho-
</i> + Gr. &?; to spend all night long; &?;, &?;, all + &?; night.]
<i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine that the soul falls asleep at death,
and does not wake until the resurrection of the body.</def> --
<wf>Psy`cho*pan"ny*chism</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Psy*chop"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Psycho-</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Mental disease. See
<u>Psychosis</u>, 2.</def> -- <wf>Psy`cho*path"ic</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Psy*chop"a*thist</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Psy`cho*phys"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to psychophysics; involving the action or mutual relations
of the psychical and physical in man.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Psychophysical time</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the
time required for the mind to transform a sensory impression into a
motor impulse. It is an important part of <i>physiological</i> or
<i>reaction time</i>. See under <u>Reaction</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Psy`cho*phys"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Psycho-</i>
+ <i>physics</i>.] <def>The science of the connection between nerve
action and consciousness; the science which treats of the relations of
the psychical and physical in their conjoint operation in man; the
doctrine of the relation of function or dependence between body and
soul.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy"cho*pomp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>psychh`</grk> the soul + &?; to send: cf. F. <i>psychopompe</i>.]
<i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A leader or guide of souls .</def>  <i>J.
Fiske.</i></p>

<p><hw>Psy*cho"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Psycho-
</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any vital action or activity.</def>
<i>Mivart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease of the mind;
especially, a functional mental disorder, that is, one unattended with
evident organic changes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy`cho*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Psycho-</i> +
Gr. &?; life.] <i>(Geol.)</i><def>Designating, or applied to the Era
of man; as, the <i>psychozoic</i> era.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy*chrom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>psychro`s</grk> cold + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F.
<i>psychrom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the
tension of the aqueous vapor in the atmosphere, being essentially a
wet and dry bulb hygrometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy`chro*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the psychrometer or psychrometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy*chrom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hygrometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Psyl"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Psyll&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?; a flea.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any leaping plant louse of the genus
<i>Psylla</i>, or family <i>Psyllid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ptar"mi*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>tarmachan</i>; cf. Ir. <i>tarmochan</i>, <i>tarmonach</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any grouse of the genus <i>Lagopus</i>, of
which numerous species are known. The feet are completely feathered.
Most of the species are brown in summer, but turn white, or nearly
white, in winter.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They chiefly inhabit the northern countries and high
mountains of Europe, Asia, and America. The common European species is
<i>Lagopus mutus</i>. The Scotch grouse, red grouse, or moor fowl
(<i>L. Scoticus</i>), is reddish brown, and does not turn white in
winter. The white, or willow, ptarmigan (<i>L. albus</i>) is found in
both Europe and America.</p>

<p><hw>||Pte`no*glos"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr.&?; feathered + &?; tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
gastropod mollusks having the teeth of the radula arranged in long
transverse rows, somewhat like the barbs of a feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pte`no*glos"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Ptenoglossa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pte*ran"o*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wing +
&?; priv. + &?;, &?;, a tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of
American Cretaceous pterodactyls destitute of teeth. Several species
are known, some of which had an expanse of wings of twenty feet or
more.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pte*ran`o*don"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A group of pterodactyls destitute of teeth, as
in the genus <i>Pteranodon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pte*rich"thys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; wing + &?; fish.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of Devonian fossil
fishes with winglike appendages. The head and most of the body were
covered with large bony plates. See <u>Placodermi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pter`i*dol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
is versed in pteridology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pter`i*dol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
fern + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That department of botany which treats of
ferns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pter`i*do*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
a fern + E. <i>mania</i>.] <def>A madness, craze, or strong fancy, for
ferns.</def> [R.]  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pter`i*doph"y*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?;, &?;, a fern + &?; a plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A class
of flowerless plants, embracing ferns, horsetails, club mosses,
quillworts, and other like plants. See the Note under
<u>Cryptogamia</u>.</def> -- <wf>Pter"i*do*phyte`</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>&fist; This is a modern term, devised to replace the older ones
<i>acrogens</i> and <i>vascular Cryptogamia</i>.</p>

<p><hw>||Pter`o*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; a wing + &?; &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
marine Bryozoa, having a bilobed lophophore and an axial cord. The
genus Rhabdopleura is the type.  Called also <i>Podostomata</i>. See
<u>Rhabdopleura</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pte*roc"e*ras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a wing + &?; a horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of large
marine gastropods having the outer border of the lip divided into
lobes; -- called also <i>scorpion shell</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pter`o*cle"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr
<i>Pterocles</i>, the typical genus, fr. Gr. &?; feather + &?;, &?;, a
key, tongue of a clasp.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of birds
including the sand grouse. They are in some respects intermediate
between the pigeons and true grouse.  Called also
<i>Pteroclomorph&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pter`o*dac"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a wing +
&?; finger, toe: cf. F. <i>pt&eacute;rodactyle</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>An extinct flying reptile; one of the Pterosauria. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pter`o*dac"ty*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pterosauria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pter`o*glos"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
feather + &?; tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the tongue
finely notched along the sides, so as to have a featherlike
appearance, as the toucans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pte"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
wing.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The region of the skull, in the temporal
fossa back of the orbit, where the great wing of the sphenoid, the
temporal, the parietal, and the frontal hones approach each
other.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pter`o*pap"pi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?; a feather, a bird + &?; a grandfather.] <i>(Zool.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Odontotorm&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pter"o*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a feather
+ &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any moth of the genus
<i>Pterophorus</i> and allied genera; a plume moth. See <i>Plume
moth</i>, under <u>Plume</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pter"o*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wing-footed;
&?; a feather, wing + &?;, &?;, foot: cf. F. <i>pt&eacute;ropode</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Pteropoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pte*rop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class of Mollusca in which the anterior
lobes of the foot are developed in the form of broad, thin, winglike
organs, with which they swim at near the surface of the sea.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Pteropoda are divided into two orders:
<i>Cymnosomata</i>, which have the body entirely naked and the head
distinct from the wings; and <i>Thecosomata</i>, which have a delicate
transparent shell of various forms, and the head not distinct from the
wings.</p>

<p><hw>Pte*rop"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Pteropoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pter"o*saur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wind + &?;
a lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A pterodactyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pter`o*sau"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order of flying reptiles of the
Mesozoic age; the pterodactyls; -- called also <i>Pterodactyli</i>,
and <i>Ornithosauria</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The wings were formed, like those of bats, by a leathery
expansion of the skin, principally supported by the greatly enlarged
outer or " little" fingers of the hands. The American Cretaceous
pterodactyls had no teeth. See <u>Pteranodontia</u>, and
<u>Pterodactyl</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pter`o*sau"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Pterosauria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pter`o*stig"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pterostigmata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; wing + &?;,
&?;, a mark.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A thickened opaque spot on the
wings of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pte*ro"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wing + &?;,
&?;, ear.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to, or designating, a
bone between the pro&ouml;tic and epiotic in the dorsal and outer part
of the periotic capsule of many fishes.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The pterotic bone.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>pterotic bone</i> is so called because fancied in
some cases to resemble in form a bird's wing</p>

<p><hw>||Pte*ryg"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Pterygiums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Pterygia</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. &?;, properly a dim, akin to &?; a feather.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A superficial growth of vascular tissue radiating
in a fanlike manner from the cornea over the surface of the
eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pter"y*goid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
wing + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Like a
bird's wing in form; as, a <i>pterygoid</i> bone.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the
pterygoid bones, pterygoid processes, or the whole sphenoid
bone.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pterygoid bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pterygoid bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone which
corresponds to the inner plate of the pterygoid process of the human
skull, but which, in all vertebrates below mammals, is not connected
with the posterior nares, but serves to connect the palatine bones
with the point of suspension of the lower jaw.</cd> --
<col><b>Pterygoid process</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a process
projecting downward from either side of the sphenoid bone, in man
divided into two plates, an inner and an outer. The posterior nares
pass through the space, called the <i>pterygoid fossa</i>, between the
processes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pter`y*go*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Pterygoid</i> + <i>maxillary</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the inner pterygoid plate, or pterygoid bone, and the
lower jaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pter`y*go*pal"a*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Pterygoid</i> + <i>palatine</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the pterygoid processes and the palatine
bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pter`y*go*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pterygopodia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, a fin +
&?;, dim. of &?;, &?;, a foot.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A specially
modified part of the ventral fin in male elasmobranchs, which serves
as a copulatory organ, or clasper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pter`y*go*quad"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Pterygoid</i> + <i>quadrate</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or representing the pterygoid and quadrate bones or
cartilages.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pte*ry"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pteryl&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; feather + &?;
wood, forest.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the definite areas of
the skin of a bird on which feathers grow; -- contrasted with
<i>apteria</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pter`y*log"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Pteryla</i> + <i>-graphy</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The study
or description of the arrangement of feathers, or of the
pteryl&aelig;, of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pter`y*lo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. NL. &
E. <i>pteryla</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The arrangement of
feathers in definite areas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ptil"o*cerque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a feather
+ &?; tail.] <i>(Zool.)</i> <def>The pentail.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ptil`o*p&aelig;"des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; a feather + &?;, &?;, offspring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Dasyp&aelig;des</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ptil`o*p&aelig;d"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having nearly the whole surface of the skin
covered with down; dasyp&aelig;dic; -- said of the young of certain
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pti*lop"te*ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a downy feather + &?; wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of birds including only the penguins.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pti*lo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr &?; a
feather.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Pterylosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ptis"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ptisana</i>
peeled barley, barley water, Gr. &?;, from &?; to peel, husk; cf. F.
<i>ptisane</i>, <i>tisane</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A decoction of
barley with other ingredients; a farinaceous drink.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An aqueous medicine,
containing little, if any, medicinal agent; a tea or tisane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ptol`e*ma"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to <i>Ptolemy</i>, the geographer and astronomer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ptolemaic system</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the system
maintained by Ptolemy, who supposed the earth to be fixed in the
center of the universe, with the sun and stars revolving around it.
This theory was received for ages, until superseded by the Copernican
system.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ptol"e*ma`ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
accepts the astronomical system of Ptolemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pto"ma*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; a dead
body.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>One of a class of animal bases or
alkaloids formed in the putrefaction of various kinds of albuminous
matter, and closely related to the vegetable alkaloids; a cadaveric
poison. The ptomaines, as a class, have their origin in dead matter,
by which they are to be distinguished from the
<i>leucomaines</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pto"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
falling.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Drooping of the upper eyelid, produced by
paralysis of its levator muscle.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1159 !></p>

<p><hw>Pty"a*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; spittle. See
<u>Ptyalism</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An unorganized
amylolytic ferment, on enzyme, present in human mixed saliva and in
the saliva of some animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pty"a*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
spit much, fr. &?; spittle, fr. &?; to spit: cf. F. <i>ptyalisme</i>.]
<def>Salivation, or an excessive flow of saliva.</def>
<i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pty*al"o*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; spittle
+ &?; driving.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A ptysmagogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ptys"ma*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; spittle +
&?; driving: cf. F. <i>ptysmagogue</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine
that promotes the discharge of saliva.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ptyx"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
folding.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The way in which a leaf is sometimes
folded in the bud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pub"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Perhaps fr.
<i>bubble</i>.] <def>Puffed out, pursy; pudgy; fat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ber*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L. <i>puber</i>,
<i>pubes</i>, grown up, adult.] <def>Of or pertaining to
puberty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ber*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pubertas</i>,
fr. <i>puber</i>, <i>pubes</i>, adult: cf. F. <i>pubert&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The earliest age at which persons are capable
of begetting or bearing children, usually considered, in temperate
climates, to be about fourteen years in males and twelve in
females.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The period when a plant first
bears flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*ber"u*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pubis</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Very minutely downy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"bes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the hair which
appears on the body at puberty, from <i>pubes</i> adult.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hair
which appears upon the lower part of the hypogastric region at the age
of puberty.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hence (as more commonly
used), the lower part of the hypogastric region; the pubic
region.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The down of plants; a downy
or villous substance which grows on plants; pubescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*bes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pubescence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being pubescent, or of having arrived at puberty.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A covering of soft short hairs, or down, as
one some plants and insects; also, the state of being so
covered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*bes"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Pubescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*bes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pubescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>pubescere</i> to reach
puberty, to grow hairy or mossy, fr. <i>pubes</i> pubes: cf. F.
<i>pubescent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Arrived at
puberty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That . . . the men (are) <i>pubescent</i> at the age of
twice seven, is accounted a punctual truth.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covered with pubescence, or fine short
hairs, as certain insects, and the leaves of some plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the pubes; in the region of the pubes; as, the
<i>pubic</i> bone; the <i>pubic</i> region, or the lower part of the
hypogastric region. See <u>Pubes</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Of or pertaining to the pubis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pu"bis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Pubes</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The ventral and anterior of the three principal
bones composing either half of the pelvis; sharebone; pubic
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pub"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>publicus</i>,
<i>poblicus</i>, fr. <i>populus</i> people: cf. F. <i>public</i>. See
<u>People</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
people; belonging to the people; relating to, or affecting, a nation,
state, or community; -- opposed to <i>private</i>; as, the
<i>public</i> treasury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the <i>public</i> good<BR>
Private respects must yield.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Alexander Hamilton] touched the dead corpse of the
<i>public</i> credit, and it sprung upon its feet.</blockquote> <i>D.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Open to the knowledge or view of all;
general; common; notorious; as, <i>public</i> report; <i>public</i>
scandal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Joseph, . . . not willing to make her a <i>public</i>
example, was minded to put her away privily.</blockquote> <i>Matt. i.
19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Open to common or general use; as, a
<i>public</i> road; a <i>public</i> house.</def> "The <i>public</i>
street."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Public act</b></col> or <col><b>statute</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an act or statute affecting matters of public
concern. Of such statutes the courts take judicial notice.</cd> --
<col><b>Public credit</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Credit</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Public funds</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Fund</u>, 3.</cd> --
<col><b>Public house</b></col>, <cd>an inn, or house of
entertainment.</cd> -- <col><b>Public law</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>International law</i>, under
<u>International</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A public act or
statute.</cd> -- <col><b>Public nuisance</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Nuisance</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Public
orator</b></col>. <i>(Eng. Universities)</i> <cd>See <u>Orator</u>,
3.</cd> -- <col><b>Public stores</b></col>, <cd>military and naval
stores, equipments, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Public works</b></col>,
<cd>all fixed works built by civil engineers for public use, as
railways, docks, canals, etc.; but strictly, military and civil
engineering works constructed at the public cost.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pub"lic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
general body of mankind, or of a nation, state, or community; the
people, indefinitely; as, the American <i>public</i>; also, a
particular body or aggregation of people; as, an author's
<i>public</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>public</i> is more disposed to censure than to
praise.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A public house; an inn.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In public</b></col>, <cd>openly; before an audience or the
people at large; not in private or secrecy.</cd> "We are to speak
<i>in public</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pub"li*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>publicanus</i>: cf. F. <i>publicain</i>. See <u>Public</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A farmer of the taxes and
public revenues; hence, a collector of toll or tribute. The inferior
officers of this class were often oppressive in their exactions, and
were regarded with great detestation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As Jesus at meat . . . many <i>publicans</i> and
sinners came and sat down with him and his disciples.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. 1x. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How like a fawning <i>publican</i> he
looks!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The keeper of an inn or public house; one
licensed to retail beer, spirits, or wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pub`li*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>publicatio</i> confiscation: cf. F. <i>publication</i>. See
<u>Publish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of publishing or
making known; notification to the people at large, either by words,
writing, or printing; proclamation; divulgation; promulgation; as, the
<i>publication</i> of the law at Mount Sinai; the <i>publication</i>
of the gospel; the <i>publication</i> of statutes or edicts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of offering a book, pamphlet,
engraving, etc., to the public by sale or by gratuitous
distribution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>publication</i> of these papers was not owing to
our folly, but that of others.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is published or made known;
especially, any book, pamphlet, etc., offered for sale or to public
notice; as, a daily or monthly <i>publication</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An act done in public.</def> [R. &
Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His jealousy . . . attends the business, the
recreations, the <i>publications</i>, and retirements of every
man.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Publication of a libel</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>such an
exhibition of a libel as brings it to the notice of at least one
person other than the person libeled.</cd> -- <col><b>Publication of a
will</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the delivery of a will, as his own,
by a testator to witnesses who attest it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pub"lic-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Public-
spirited.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pub"li*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>publiciste</i>.] <def>A writer on the laws of nature and nations;
one who is versed in the science of public right, the principles of
government, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Whig leaders, however, were much more desirous to
get rid of Episcopacy than to prove themselves consummate
<i>publicists</i> and logicians.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pub*lic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>publicit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being public,
or open to the knowledge of a community; notoriety;
publicness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pub"lic*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>With exposure to popular view or notice; without concealment;
openly; as, property <i>publicly</i> offered for sale; an opinion
<i>publicly</i> avowed; a declaration <i>publicly</i> made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the name of the community.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pub"lic-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Public-
spirited.</def> -- <wf>Pub"lic-mind`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pub"lic*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being public, or open to the view or
notice of people at large; publicity; notoriety; as, the
<i>publicness</i> of a sale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of belonging to the
community; as, the <i>publicness</i> of property.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pub"lic-spir`it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having, or exercising, a disposition to
advance the interest of the community or public; as, <i>public-
spirited</i> men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dictated by a regard to public good; as, a
<i>public-spirited</i> project or measure.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pub"lic-spir`it*ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pub"lic-spir`it*ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pub"lish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Published</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Publishing</u>.] [F. <i>publier</i>, L. <i>publicare</i>,
<i>publicatum</i>. See <u>Public</u>, and <u>-ish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make public; to make known to mankind, or
to people in general; to divulge, as a private transaction; to
promulgate or proclaim, as a law or an edict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Published</i> was the bounty of her
name.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The unwearied sun, from day to day,<BR>
Does his Creator's power display,<BR>
And <i>publishes</i> to every land<BR>
The work of an almighty hand.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make known by posting, or by reading in
a church; as, to <i>publish</i> banns of marriage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To send forth, as a book, newspaper,
musical piece, or other printed work, either for sale or for general
distribution; to print, and issue from the press.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To utter, or put into circulation; as, to
<i>publish</i> counterfeit paper.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>To publish a will</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to
acknowledge it before the witnesses as the testator's last will and
testament.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To announce; proclaim; advertise; declare;
promulgate; disclose; divulge; reveal. See <u>Announce</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pub"lish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being published; suitable for publication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pub"lish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
publishes; as, a <i>publisher</i> of a book or magazine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For love of you, not hate unto my friend,<BR>
Hath made me <i>publisher</i> of this pretense.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pub"lish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of making publicly known;
publication.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A public notice of intended marriage,
required by the laws of some States.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Puc*coon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the American
Indian name.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of several plants yielding a
red pigment which is used by the North American Indians, as the
bloodroot and two species of <i>Lithospermum</i> (<i>L. hirtum</i>,
and <i>L. canescens</i>); also, the pigment itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puce</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>puce</i> a
flea, L. <i>pulex</i>, <i>pulicis</i>.] <def>Of a dark brown or
brownish purple color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pucelle</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pu"cel*age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Virginity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pu*celle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>pulicella</i>, fr. L. <i>pullus</i> a young animal. See
<u>Pullet</u>.] <def>A maid; a virgin.</def> [Written also
<i>pucel</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lady or <i>pucelle</i>, that wears mask or
fan.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>La Pucelle</b></col>, <cd>the Maid of Orleans, Joan of
Arc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ce*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from <i>puce</i>
a flea. See <u>Puce</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any plant louse, or
aphis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"cher*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from the
<i>Pucher</i> Mine, in Saxony.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Vanadate of
bismuth, occurring in minute reddish brown crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pouke</i>; cf. OSw.
<i>puke</i>, Icel. <i>p&umacr;ki</i> an evil demon, W. <i>pwca</i> a
hobgoblin.  Cf. <u>Poker</u> a bugbear, <u>Pug</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Medi&aelig;val Myth.)</i> <def>A celebrated
fairy, "the merry wanderer of the night;" -- called also <i>Robin
Goodfellow</i>, <i>Friar Rush</i>, <i>Pug</i>, etc.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He meeteth <i>Puck</i>, whom most men call<BR>
Hobgoblin, and on him doth fall.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The goatsucker.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Puck"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Puck</i> +
<i>ball</i>.] <def>A puffball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Puckered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Puckering</u>.] [From <u>Poke</u> a pocket, small bag.] <def>To
gather into small folds or wrinkles; to contract into ridges and
furrows; to corrugate; -- often with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>pucker</i>
up the mouth.</def> "His skin [was] <i>puckered</i> up in wrinkles."
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puck"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
fold; a wrinkle; a collection of folds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of perplexity or anxiety;
confusion; bother; agitation.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Puck"er*er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, puckers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puck"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Producing, or tending to produce, a pucker; as, a <i>puckery</i>
taste.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to become puckered or wrinkled;
full of puckers or wrinkles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puck"fist`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
puffball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puck"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Puck</u>.]
<def>Resembling Puck; merry; mischievous.</def> "<i>Puckish</i>
freaks."  <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"cras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From a native name in
India.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Koklass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hand; the
first.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pud"den*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr.
<i>pudden</i>, for <i>pudding</i>, in allusion to its softness.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A quantity of rope-yarn, or
the like, placed, as a fender, on the bow of a boat.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A bunch of soft material to prevent chafing
between spars, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pud"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Puddered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Puddering</u>.] [Cf. <u>Pother</u>.] <def>To make a tumult or
bustle; to splash; to make a pother or fuss; to potter; to
meddle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Puddering</i> in the designs or doings of
others.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Others <i>pudder</i> into their food with their broad
nebs.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pud"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To perplex; to
embarrass; to confuse; to bother; as, to <i>pudder</i> a man.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pud"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pother; a tumult; a
confused noise; turmoil; bustle.</def> "All in a <i>pudder</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pud"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>boudin</i>
black pudding, sausage, L. <i>botulus</i>, <i>botellus</i>, a sausage,
G. &amp; Sw. <i>pudding</i> pudding, Dan. <i>podding</i>, <i>pudding</i>,
LG. <i>puddig</i> thick, stumpy, W. <i>poten</i>, <i>potten</i>, also
E. <i>pod</i>, <i>pout</i>, v.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A species of
food of a soft or moderately hard consistence, variously made, but
often a compound of flour or meal, with milk and eggs, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And solid <i>pudding</i> against empty
praise.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling, or of the softness and
consistency of, pudding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An intestine; especially, an intestine
stuffed with meat, etc.; a sausage.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any food or victuals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eat your <i>pudding</i>, slave, and hold your
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Puddening</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pudding grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the true
pennyroyal (<i>Mentha Pulegium</i>), formerly used to flavor stuffing
for roast meat.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Pudding
pie</b></col>, <cd>a pudding with meat baked in it.</cd> <i>Taylor
(1630).</i> -- <col><b>Pudding pipe</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
long, cylindrical pod of the leguminous tree <i>Cassia Fistula</i>.
The seeds are separately imbedded in a sweetish pulp. See
<u>Cassia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pudding sleeve</b></col>, <cd>a full
sleeve like that of the English clerical gown.</cd> <i>Swift.</i> --
<col><b>Pudding stone</b></col>.  <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Conglomerate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Pudding
time</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The time of dinner, pudding
being formerly the dish first eaten.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Johnson.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The nick of time; critical time.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Mars, that still protects the stout,<BR>
In <i>pudding time</i> came to his aid.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Pud"ding-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Stupid.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Pud"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>podel</i>; cf.
LG. <i>pudel</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>plod</i> pool.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small quantity of dirty standing water; a muddy plash; a small
pool.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Clay, or a mixture of clay and sand,
kneaded or worked, when wet, to render it impervious to
water.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Puddle poet</b></col>, <cd>a low or worthless poet.</cd>
[R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pud"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Puddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Puddling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make foul or muddy;
to pollute with dirt; to mix dirt with (water).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some unhatched practice . . . <BR>
Hath <i>puddled</i> his clear spirit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To make dense or close,
as clay or loam, by working when wet, so as to render impervious to
water.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To make impervious to liquids by
means of puddle; to apply puddle to.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To subject to the process of puddling, as
iron, so as to convert it from the condition of cast iron to that of
wrought iron.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Puddled steel</b></col>, <cd>steel made directly from cast
iron by a modification of the puddling process.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pud"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a dirty
stir.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R. Junius.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pud"dle-ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lump of
pasty wrought iron as taken from the puddling furnace to be hammered
or rolled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pud"dle-bar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An iron bar
made at a single heat from a puddle-ball hammering and
rolling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pud"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who converts
cast iron into wrought iron by the process of puddling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pud"dling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Hydraul. Engin.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The process of
working clay, loam, pulverized ore, etc., with water, to render it
compact, or impervious to liquids; also, the process of rendering
anything impervious to liquids by means of puddled material.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Puddle. See <u>Puddle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The art or process of
converting cast iron into wrought iron or steel by subjecting it to
intense heat and frequent stirring in a reverberatory furnace in the
presence of oxidizing substances, by which it is freed from a portion
of its carbon and other impurities.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Puddling furnace</b></col>, <cd>a reverberatory furnace in
which cast iron is converted into wrought iron or into steel by
puddling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pud"dly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or
resembling, puddles; muddy; foul.</def> "Thick <i>puddly</i> water."
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pud"dock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>paddock</i>, or
<i>parrock</i>, a park.] <def>A small inclosure.</def> [Written also
<i>purrock</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pu"den*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pudens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>pudere</i> to be ashamed.] <def>Modesty;
shamefacedness.</def> "A <i>pudency</i> so rosy."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pu*den"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>pudendus</i> that of which one ought to be ashamed, fr.
<i>pudere</i> to be ashamed.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The external organs
of generation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*den"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the pudenda, or pudendum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pu*den"dum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pudenda</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The external organs of
generation, especially of the female; the vulva.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1160 !></p>

<p><hw>Pudg"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Short and fat or
sturdy; dumpy; podgy; as, a short, <i>pudgy</i> little man; a
<i>pudgy</i> little hand.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pudicus</i>
modest, fr. <i>pudere</i> to be ashamed: cf. F. <i>pudique</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the external organs of
generation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"dic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pudic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*dic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pudicit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>pudicitia</i>.] <def>Modesty;
chastity.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"du</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
very small deer (<i>Pudua humilis</i>), native of the Chilian Andes.
It has simple spikelike antlers, only two or three inches
long.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Puing</u>.] <def>To make a low whistling sound; to chirp, as
birds.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pueb"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., a village, L.
<i>populus</i> people. See <u>People</u>.] <def>A communistic building
erected by certain Indian tribes of Arizona and New Mexico. It is
often of large size and several stories high, and is usually built
either of stone or adobe. The term is also applied to any Indian
village in the same region.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pueblo Indians</b></col> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>, <cd>any tribe or
community of Indians living in pueblos. The principal Pueblo tribes
are the Moqui, the Zu&ntilde;i, the Keran, and the Tewan.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pue"fel`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
pewfellow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pu"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>The dung of dogs, used as an alkaline steep in tanning.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pu*er"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A
hog.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Puerco beds</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a name given to
certain strata belonging to the earliest Eocene. They are developed in
Northwestern New Mexico, along the Rio Puerco, and are characterized
by their mammalian remains.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pu"er*ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>puerilis</i>,
fr. <i>puer</i> a child, a boy: cf. F. <i>pu&eacute;ril</i>.]
<def>Boyish; childish; trifling; silly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The French have been notorious through generations for
their <i>puerile</i> affectation of Roman forms, models, and historic
precedents.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Youthful; boyish; juvenile; childish; trifling;
weak. See <u>Youthful</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pu"er*ile*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a puerile
manner; childishly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"er*ile*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being puerile; puerility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu`er*il"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Puerilities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>puerilitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>pu&eacute;rilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality
of being puerile; childishness; puerileness.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is puerile or childish;
especially, an expression which is flat, insipid, or silly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*er"per*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>puerpera</i>
a lying-in woman; <i>puer</i> child + <i>parere</i> to bear: cf. F.
<i>puerp&eacute;ral</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to childbirth; as, a
<i>puerperal</i> fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*er"per*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing
children.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pu"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pewit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puff</hw> (p&ubreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to G. &amp; Sw.
<i>puff</i> a blow, Dan. <i>puf</i>, D. <i>pof</i>; of imitative
origin.  Cf. <u>Buffet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden and
single emission of breath from the mouth; hence, any sudden or short
blast of wind; a slight gust; a whiff.</def> " To every <i>puff</i> of
wind a slave."  <i>Flatman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything light and filled with air.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A puffball.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>a kind of light pastry.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A utensil of the toilet for dusting the skin
or hair with powder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An exaggerated or empty expression of
praise, especially one in a public journal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Puff adder</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any South African viper belonging to
<i>Clotho</i> and allied genera. They are exceedingly venomous, and
have the power of greatly distending their bodies when irritated. The
common puff adder (<i>Vipera, or  Clotho arietans</i>) is the largest
species, becoming over four feet long. The plumed puff adder (<i>C.
cornuta</i>) has a plumelike appendage over each eye.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A North American harmless snake (<i>Heterodon
platyrrhinos</i>) which has the power of puffing up its body. Called
also <i>hog-nose snake</i>, <i>flathead</i>, <i>spreading adder</i>,
and <i>blowing adder</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Puff bird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any bird of the genus <i>Bucco</i>, or family
<i>Bucconid&aelig;</i>. They are small birds, usually with dull-
colored and loose plumage, and have twelve tail feathers. See
<u>Barbet</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Puff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Puffed</u> (p&ubreve;ft); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Puffing</u>.] [Akin to G. <i>puffen</i> to pop,
buffet, puff, D. <i>poffen</i> to pop, <i>puffen</i> to blow, Sw.
<i>puffa</i> to push, to cuff, Dan. <i>puffe</i> to pop, thump. See
<u>Puff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To blow in
puffs, or with short and sudden whiffs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To blow, as an expression of scorn; -- with
<i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is really to defy Heaven to <i>puff</i> at
damnation.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To breathe quick and hard, or with puffs,
as after violent exertion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ass comes back again, <i>puffing</i> and blowing,
from the chase.</blockquote> <i>L' Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To swell with air; to be dilated or
inflated.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To breathe in a swelling, inflated, or
pompous manner; hence, to assume importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then came brave Glory <i>puffing</i> by.</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
drive with a puff, or with puffs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The clearing north will <i>puff</i> the clouds
away.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To repel with words; to blow at
contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>puff</i> the prostitute away.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to swell or dilate; to inflate; to
ruffle with puffs; -- often with <i>up</i>; as, a bladder
<i>puffed</i> with air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sea <i>puffed</i> up with winds.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To inflate with pride, flattery, self-
esteem, or the like; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Puffed</i> up with military success.</blockquote>
<i>Jowett (Thucyd. )</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To praise with exaggeration; to flatter; to
call public attention to by praises; to praise unduly.</def> " Puffed
with wonderful skill."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puff</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Puffed up; vain.</def>
[R.]  <i>Fanshawe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puff"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of ball-shaped fungus (<i>Lycoperdon giganteum</i>, and other
species of the same genus) full of dustlike spores when ripe; --
called also <i>bullfist</i>, <i>bullfice</i>, <i>puckfist</i>,
<i>puff</i>, and <i>puffin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puff"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who puffs; one who praises with noisy or extravagant
commendation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is employed by the owner or seller
of goods sold at suction to bid up the price; a by-bidder.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
plectognath fish which inflates its body, as the species of
<i>Tetrodon</i> and <i>Diodon</i>; -- called also <i>blower</i>,
<i>puff-fish</i>, <i>swellfish</i>, and <i>globefish</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The common, or harbor, porpoise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Dyeing)</i> <def>A kier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puff"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
puffing; bestowment of extravagant commendation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puf"fin</hw> (p&ubreve;f"f&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Akin to <i>puff</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
arctic sea bird <i>Fratercula arctica</i>) allied to the auks, and
having a short, thick, swollen beak, whence the name; -- called also
<i>bottle nose</i>, <i>cockandy</i>, <i>coulterneb</i>, <i>marrot</i>,
<i>mormon</i>, <i>pope</i>, and <i>sea parrot</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to other related species, as the
horned puffin (<i>F. corniculata</i>), the tufted puffin (<i>Lunda
cirrhata</i>), and the razorbill.</p>

<p><col><b>Manx puffin</b></col>, <cd>the Manx shearwater. See under
<u>Manx</u>.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The puffball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sort of apple.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rider's
Dict. (1640).</i></p>

<p><hw>Puff"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being puffy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puff"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Puff</u>,
<pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Puffing adder</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Puff adder</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, under <u>Puff</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Puffing pig</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common
porpoise.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Puff"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a puffing
manner; with vehement breathing or shortness of breath; with
exaggerated praise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puff"-leg`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of beautiful humming birds of the
genus <i>Eriocnemis</i> having large tufts of downy feathers on the
legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puff"-legged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a conspicuous tuft of feathers on the
legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puff"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Swelled with air, or any soft matter; tumid with a soft
substance; bloated; fleshy; as, a <i>puffy</i> tumor.</def> " A very
stout, <i>puffy</i> man."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, inflated; bombastic; as, a
<i>puffy</i> style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pug</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pugging</u>.] [Cf. G. <i>pucken</i> to thump. beat.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mix and stir when wet, as clay for
bricks, pottery, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill or stop with clay by tamping; to
fill in or spread with mortar, as a floor or partition, for the
purpose of deadening sound. See <u>Pugging</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tempered
clay; clay moistened and worked so as to be plastic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pug mill.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pug mill</b></col>, <cd>a kind of mill for grinding and
mixing clay, either for brickmaking or the fine arts; a clay mill. It
consists essentially of an upright shaft armed with projecting knives,
which is caused to revolve in a hollow cylinder, tub, or vat, in which
the clay is placed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. <i>puck</i>. See
<u>Puck</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An elf, or a hobgoblin; also
same as <u>Puck</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A name for a monkey.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A name for a fox.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An intimate; a crony; a dear one.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Lyly.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Chaff; the refuse of
grain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A prostitute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a small breed of
pet dogs having a short nose and head; a pug dog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any geometrid moth of
the genus <i>Eupithecia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pug"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a face
like a monkey or a pug; monkey-faced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pug"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pucker.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pug"gered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Puckered.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pug"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pug</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
working and tempering clay to make it plastic and of uniform
consistency, as for bricks, for pottery, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Mortar or the like, laid
between the joists under the boards of a floor, or within a partition,
to deaden sound; -- in the United States usually called
<i>deafening</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pug"ging</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thieving.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pugh</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Pshaw! pish! -- a
word used in contempt or disdain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"gil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pugillus</i>,
<i>pugillum</i>, a handful, akin to <i>pugnus</i> the fist.] <def>As
much as is taken up between the thumb and two first fingers.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"gil*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pugil</i> a
pugilist, boxer, akin to <i>pugnus</i> the fist.  Cf.
<u>Pugnacious</u>, <u>Fist</u>.] <def>The practice of boxing, or
fighting with the fist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"gil*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pugil</i>.]
<def>One who fights with his fists; esp., a professional prize
fighter; a boxer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu`gil*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to pugillism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pug*na"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pugnax</i>,
<i>-acis</i>, fr. <i>pugnare</i> to fight.  Cf. <u>Pugilism</u>,
<u>Fist</u>.] <def>Disposed to fight; inclined to fighting;
quarrelsome; fighting.</def> --<wf>Pug*na"cious*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Pug*na"cious*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pug*nac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pugnacitas</i>: cf. F. <i>pugnacit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Inclination
or readiness to fight; quarrelsomeness.</def> " A national
<i>pugnacity</i> of character."  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pug" nose`</hw> (?). <def>A short, thick nose; a
snubnose.</def> -- <wf>Pug"-nosed`</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Pug-nose eel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a deep-
water marine eel (<i>Simenchelys parasiticus</i>) which sometimes
burrows into the flesh of the halibut.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Puh</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>The same as
<u>Pugh</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puis"ne</hw> (p&umacr;"n&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Puny</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Later in age, time, etc.;
subsequent.</def> [Obs.] " A <i>puisne</i> date to eternity."  <i>Sir
M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Puny; petty; unskilled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Younger or inferior in rank;
junior; associate; as, a chief justice and three <i>puisne</i>
justices of the Court of Common Pleas; the <i>puisne</i> barons of the
Court of Exchequer.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puis"ne</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is younger, or
of inferior rank; a junior; esp., a judge of inferior rank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were not a work for <i>puisnes</i> and
novices.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puis"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Puisne; younger;
inferior; petty; unskilled.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>puisny</i> tilter, that spurs his horse but on one
side.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"is*sance</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>puissant</i>. See <u>Puissant</u>, and cf. <u>Potency</u>,
<u>Potance</u>, <u>Potence</u>.] <def>Power; strength; might; force;
potency.</def> " Youths of <i>puissance</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The power and <i>puissance</i> of the
king.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In Spenser, Shakespeare, and Milton, <i>puissance</i> and
<i>puissant</i> are usually dissyllables.</p>

<p><hw>Pu"is*sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., originally, a p.
pr. formed fr. L. <i>posse</i> to be able: cf. L. <i>potens</i>
powerful. See <u>Potent</u>.] <def>Powerful; strong; mighty; forcible;
as, a <i>puissant</i> prince or empire.</def> " <i>Puissant</i>
deeds."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of <i>puissant</i> nations which the world
possessed.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And worldlings in it are less merciful,<BR>
And more <i>puissant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"is*sant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a puissant
manner; powerfully; with great strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"is*sant*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being puissant; puissance; power.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Puit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>puits</i>, from L.
<i>puteus</i> well.] <def>A well; a small stream; a fountain; a
spring.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>puits</i> flowing from the fountain of
life.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Puked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Puking</u>.] [Cf. G. <i>spucken</i> to spit, and E. <i>spew</i>.]
<def>To eject the contests of the stomach; to vomit; to
spew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The infant<BR>
Mewling and <i>puking</i> in the nurse's arms.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puke</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To eject from the
stomach; to vomit up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puke</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine that causes
vomiting; an emetic; a vomit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puke</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>Of a
color supposed to be between black and russet.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This color has by some been regarded as the same with
<i>puce</i>; but Nares questions the identity.</p>

<p><hw>Puk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who pukes, vomits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which causes vomiting.</def>  <i>Garth
.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"las</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>pal&amacr;&ccedil;a</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The East Indian
leguminous tree <i>Butea frondosa</i>. See <i>Gum Butea</i>, under
<u>Gum</u>.</def> [Written also <i>pales</i> and <i>palasa</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pul"chri*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pulchritudo</i>, fr. <i>pulcher</i> beautiful.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That quality of appearance which pleases the eye; beauty;
comeliness; grace; loveliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Piercing our heartes with thy
<i>pulchritude</i>.</blockquote> <i>Court of Love.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attractive moral excellence; moral
beauty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the <i>pulchritude</i> of their souls make up what
is wanting in the beauty of their bodies.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pule</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Puled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Puling</u>.] [F. <i>piauler</i>; cf. L. <i>pipilare</i>,
<i>pipire</i>, to peep, pip, chirp, and E. <i>peep</i> to chirp.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cry like a chicken.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To whimper; to whine, as a complaining
child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It becometh not such a gallant to whine and
<i>pule</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who pules; one
who whines or complains; a weak person.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pu"lex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a flea.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of parasitic insects including the
fleas. See <u>Flea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"li*cene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>pulex</i>, <i>pulicis</i>, a flea.] <def>Pertaining to, or
abounding in, fleas; pulicose.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pu"li*cose`</hw> (?), <hw>Pu"li*cous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pulicosus</i>, from <i>pulex</i>, a flea.]
<def>Abounding with fleas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cry, as of a
chicken,; a whining or whimpering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leave this faint <i>puling</i> and lament as I
do.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Whimpering; whining;
childish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With whining or
complaint.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pulk"ha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Laplander's
traveling sledge. See <u>Sledge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pull</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pulled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pulling</u>.] [AS. <i>pullian</i>; cf. LG. <i>pulen</i>, and Gael.
<i>peall</i>, <i>piol</i>, <i>spiol</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
draw, or attempt to draw, toward one; to draw forcibly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ne'er <i>pull</i> your hat upon your
brows.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He put forth his hand . . . and <i>pulled</i> her
in.</blockquote> <i>Gen. viii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw apart; to tear; to rend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath turned aside my ways, and <i>pulled</i> me in
pieces; he hath made me desolate.</blockquote> <i>Lam. iii.
11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To gather with the hand, or by drawing
toward one; to pluck; as, to <i>pull</i> fruit; to <i>pull</i> flax;
to <i>pull</i> a finch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move or operate by the motion of drawing
towards one; as, to <i>pull</i> a bell; to <i>pull</i> an
oar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Horse Racing)</i> <def>To hold back, and so
prevent from winning; as, the favorite was <i>pulled</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To take or make, as a proof
or impression; -- hand presses being worked by pulling a
lever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>To strike the ball in a
particular manner. See <u>Pull</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never <i>pull</i> a straight fast ball to
leg.</blockquote> <i>R. H. Lyttelton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To pull and haul</b></col>, <cd>to draw hither and
thither.</cd> " Both are equally <i>pulled and hauled</i> to do that
which they are unable to do. " <i>South.</i> -- <col><b>To pull
down</b></col>, <cd>to demolish; to destroy; to degrade; as, <i>to
pull down</i> a house.</cd> " In political affairs, as well as
mechanical, it is easier <i>to pull down</i> than build up."
<i>Howell.</i> " To raise the wretched, and <i>pull down</i> the
proud." <i>Roscommon.</i> -- <col><b>To pull a finch</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Finch</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To pull off</b></col>,
<cd>take or draw off.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1161 !></p>

<p><hw>Pull</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To exert one's self
in an act or motion of drawing or hauling; to tug; as, to <i>pull</i>
at a rope.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To pull apart</b></col>, <cd>to become separated by
pulling; as, a rope will <i>pull apart</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To pull
up</b></col>, <cd>to draw the reins; to stop; to halt.</cd> --
<col><b>To pull through</b></col>, <cd>to come successfully to the end
of a difficult undertaking, a dangerous sickness, or the
like.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of pulling or drawing with force; an effort to move something by
drawing toward one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I awakened with a violent <i>pull</i> upon the ring
which was fastened at the top of my box.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contest; a struggle; as, a wrestling
<i>pull</i>.</def>  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pluck; loss or violence suffered.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Two <i>pulls</i> at once;<BR>
His lady banished, and a limb lopped off.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A knob, handle, or lever, etc., by which
anything is pulled; as, a drawer <i>pull</i>; a bell
<i>pull</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of rowing; as, a <i>pull</i> on the
river.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The act of drinking; as, to take a
<i>pull</i> at the beer, or the mug.</def> [Slang]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Something in one's favor in a comparison or
a contest; an advantage; means of influencing; as, in weights the
favorite had the <i>pull</i>.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A kind of stroke by which
a leg ball is sent to the off side, or an off ball to the
side.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pull</i> is not a legitimate stroke, but bad
cricket.</blockquote> <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"lail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>poulaille</i>.]
<def>Poultry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pull"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which holds back, or causes to recede; a drawback; a
hindrance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch)</i> <def>The iron hook fixed to a
casement to pull it shut, or to hold it party open at a fixed
point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pulled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Plucked; pilled;
moulting.</def> " A <i>pulled</i> hen."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"len</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>pullinus</i>
belonging to young animals. See <u>Pullet</u>.] <def>Poultry.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pull"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, pulls.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Proud setter up and <i>puller</i> down of
kings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>polete</i>, OF.
<i>polete</i>, F. <i>poulette</i>, dim. of <i>poule</i> a hen, fr. L.
<i>pullus</i> a young animal, a young fowl. See <u>Foal</u>, and cf.
<u>Poult</u>, <u>Poultry</u>, <u>Pool</u> stake.] <def>A young hen, or
female of the domestic fowl.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pullet sperm</b></col>, <cd>the treadle of an egg.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pulleys</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>poulie</i>, perhaps of Teutonic
origin (cf. <u>Poll</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>); but cf. OE.
<i>poleine</i>, <i>polive</i>, pulley, LL. <i>polanus</i>, and F.
<i>poulain</i>, properly, a colt, fr. L. <i>pullus</i> young animal,
foal (cf. <u>Pullet</u>, <u>Foal</u>). For the change of sense, cf. F.
<i>poutre</i> beam, originally, a filly, and E. <i>easel</i>.]
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A wheel with a broad rim, or grooved rim, for
transmitting power from, or imparting power to, the different parts of
machinery, or for changing the direction of motion, by means of a
belt, cord, rope, or chain.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>pulley</i>, as one of the mechanical powers,
consists, in its simplest form, of a grooved wheel, called a
<i>sheave</i>, turning within a movable frame or <i>block</i>, by
means of a cord or rope attached at one end to a fixed point. The
force, acting on the free end of the rope, is thus doubled, but can
move the load through only half the space traversed by itself. The
rope may also pass over a sheave in another block that is fixed. The
end of the rope may be fastened to the movable block, instead of a
fixed point, with an additional gain of power, and using either one or
two sheaves in the fixed block. Other sheaves may be added, and the
power multiplied accordingly. Such an apparatus is called by workmen a
<i>block and tackle</i>, or a <i>fall and tackle</i>. See
<u>Block</u>. A <i>single fixed pulley</i> gives no increase of power,
but serves simply for changing the direction of motion.</p>

<p><col><b>Band pulley</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Belt
pulley</b></col>, <cd>a pulley with a broad face for transmitting
power between revolving shafts by means of a belt, or for guiding a
belt.</cd> -- <col><b>Cone pulley</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Cone
pulley</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Conical pulley</b></col>, <cd>one of a
pair of belt pulleys, each in the shape of a truncated cone, for
varying velocities.</cd> -- <col><b>Fast pulley</b></col>, <cd>a
pulley firmly attached upon a shaft.</cd> -- <col><b>Loose
pulley</b></col>, <cd>a pulley loose on a shaft, to interrupt the
transmission of motion in machinery. See <i>Fast and loose
pulleys</i>, under <u>Fast</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Parting
pulley</b></col>, <cd>a belt pulley made in semicircular halves, which
can be bolted together, to facilitate application to, or removal from,
a shaft.</cd> -- <col><b>Pulley block</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<u>Block</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> 6.</cd> -- <col><b>Pulley
stile</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the upright of the window frame
into which a pulley is fixed and along which the sash slides.</cd> --
<col><b>Split pulley</b></col>, <cd>a parting pulley.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pul"ley</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To raise or lift by
means of a pulley.</def> [R.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"li*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
checked cotton or silk handkerchief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pull"man car`</hw> (?). [Named after Mr. <i>Pullman</i>, who
introduced them.] <def>A kind of sleeping car; also, a palace car; --
often shortened to <i>Pullman</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"lu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pullulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>pullulare</i> to sprout, from
<i>pullulus</i> a young animal, a sprout, dim. of <i>pullus</i>. See
<u>pullet</u>.] <def>To germinate; to bud; to multiply
abundantly.</def>  <i>Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul`lu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pullulation</i>.] <def>A germinating, or budding.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pul"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pulli</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A chick; a
young bird in the downy stage.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pul`mo*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.], <hw>Pul`mo*bran"chi*ate</hw>. (&?;), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pulmonibranchiata</u>, <u>-
ate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul`mo*cu*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pulmo</i> a lung + E. <i>cutaneous</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the lungs and the akin; as, the <i>pulmocutaneous</i>
arteries of the frog.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pul`mo*gas`te*rop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. &amp; E. <i>Gasteropoda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Pulmonata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"mo*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pulmo</i> a
lung + <i>gradi</i> to walk.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Swimming by the
expansion and contraction, or lunglike movement, of the body, or of
the disk, as do the medus&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pulmo</i> a
lung + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A spirometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"mo*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any arachnid that breathes by lunglike
organs, as the spiders and scorpions. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"mo*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pulmonarius</i>, from <i>pulmo</i>, <i>-onis</i>, a lung; of
uncertain origin, perh. named from its lightness, and akin to E.
<i>float</i>: cf. F. <i>pulmonaire</i>.  Cf. <u>Pneumonia</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the lungs; affecting the lungs;
pulmonic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pulmonary artery</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Artery</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pul"mo*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pulmonaire</i>. See <u>Pulmonary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> ]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Lungwort.</def>  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pul`mo*na"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>pulmo</i>, <i>-onis</i>, a lung.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
extensive division, or sub-class, of hermaphrodite gastropods, in
which the mantle cavity is modified into an air-breathing organ, as in
Helix, or land snails, Limax, or garden slugs, and many pond snails,
as Limn&aelig;a and Planorbis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"mo*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having breathing organs that act as
lungs.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to the
Pulmonata.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Pulmonata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"mo*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>same as
<u>Pulmonate</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pul`mo*ni*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. L. <i>pulmo</i>, <i>-onis</i>, a lung + Gr. &?; a gill.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pulmonata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul`mo*ni*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pulmonate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul*mon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pulmo</i>,
<i>-onis</i>, a lung: cf. F. <i>pulmonique</i>.] <def>Relating to, or
affecting the lungs; pulmonary.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
pulmonic medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pul`mo*nif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pulmoniferous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Pulmonata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul`mo*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pulmo</i>, <i>-onis</i>, a lung + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having lungs; pulmonate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pulp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pulpa</i> flesh,
pith, pulp of fruit: cf. F. <i>pulpe</i>.] <def>A moist, slightly
cohering mass, consisting of soft, undissolved animal or vegetable
matter.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
tissue or part resembling pulp; especially, the soft, highly vascular
and sensitive tissue which fills the central cavity, called the
<i>pulp cavity,</i> of teeth.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The soft, succulent part of fruit; as, the <i>pulp</i> of a
grape.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The exterior part of a coffee
berry.</def> <i>B. Edwards.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The material
of which paper is made when ground up and suspended in
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pulp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pulped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pulping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to pulp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the pulp, or
integument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The other mode is to <i>pulp</i> the coffee immediately
as it comes from the tree. By a simple machine a man will <i>pulp</i>
a bushel in a minute.</blockquote> <i>B. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul`pa*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>poulpeton</i>, <i>poupeton</i>, a sort of ragout.] <def>A kind of
delicate confectionery or cake, perhaps made from the pulp of
fruit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pulp"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>the quality or
state of being pulpy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"pit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pulpitum</i>: cf.
OF. <i>pulpite</i>, F. <i>pulpitre</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An elevated place, or inclosed stage, in a
church, in which the clergyman stands while preaching.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I stand like a clerk in my <i>pulpit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole body of the clergy; preachers as
a class; also, preaching.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I say the <i>pulpit</i> (in the sober use<BR>
Of its legitimate, peculiar powers)<BR>
Must stand acknowledged, while the world shall stand,<BR>
The most important and effectual guard,<BR>
Support, and ornament of virtue's cause.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A desk, or platform, for an orator or
public speaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"pit</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
pulpit, or preaching; as, a <i>pulpit</i> orator; <i>pulpit</i>
eloquence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"pit*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Placed in a
pulpit.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sit . . . at the feet of a <i>pulpited</i>
divine.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul*pit*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who speaks
in a pulpit; a preacher; -- so called in contempt.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We never can think it sinful that Burns should have
been humorous on such a <i>pulpiteer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"pit*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
preacher.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pul*pit"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the pulpit; suited to the pulpit.</def> [R.] --
<wf>Pul*pit"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"pit*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the pulpit; like preaching.</def>  <i>Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"pit*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The teaching of
the pulpit; preaching.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.] " Mere <i>pulpitry</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pulp"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pulposus</i>:
cf. F. <i>pulpeux</i>. See <u>Pulp</u>.] <def>Containing pulp;
pulpy.</def> " <i>Pulpous</i> fruit." <i>J. Philips.</i> --
<wf>Pulp"ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pulp"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Like pulp;
consisting of pulp; soft; fleshy; succulent; as, the <u>pulpy</u>
covering of a nut; the <i>pulpy</i> substance of a peach or a
cherry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pul"que</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>An
intoxicating Mexican drink. See <u>Agave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pulsated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pulsating</u>.] [L. <i>pulsatus</i>, p. p. of <i>pulsare</i> to
beat, strike, v. intens. fr. <i>pellere</i> to beat, strike, drive.
See <u>Pulse</u> a beating, and cf. <u>Pulse</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To throb, as a pulse; to beat, as the
heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heart of a viper or frog will continue to
<i>pulsate</i> long after it is taken from the body.</blockquote>
<i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"sa*tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>pulsatile</i>, Sp. <i>pulsatil</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being struck or beaten; played by beating or by
percussion; as, a tambourine is a <i>pulsatile</i> musical
instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pulsating; throbbing, as a tumor.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pul`sa*til"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of ranunculaceous herbs including the
pasque flower. This genus is now merged in <i>Anemone</i>. Some
species, as <i>Anemone Pulsatilla</i>, <i>Anemone pratensis</i>, and
<i>Anemone patens</i>, are used medicinally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pulsatio</i>
a beating or striking: cf. F. <i>pulsation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A beating or throbbing, especially of the heart
or of an artery, or in an inflamed part; a beat of the
pulse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A single beat or throb of a
series.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stroke or impulse by which some medium is
affected, as in the propagation of sounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Any touching of another's body
willfully or in anger. This constitutes <i>battery</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the Cornelian law, <i>pulsation</i> as well as
verberation is prohibited.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"sa*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pulsatif</i>.] <def>Beating; throbbing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul*sa"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A beater; a striker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>That which beats or throbs
in working.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"sa*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pulsatoire</i>.] <def>Capable of pulsating; throbbing.</def>
<i>Sir H. Wotton. .</i></p>

<p><hw>Pulse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>puls</i>, L.
<i>puls</i>, <i>pultis</i>, a thick pap or pottage made of meal,
pulse, etc. See <u>Poultice</u>, and cf. <u>Pousse</u>.]
<def>Leguminous plants, or their seeds, as beans, pease,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If all the world<BR>
Should, in a pet of temperance, feed on pulse.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pulse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pous</i>, OF.
<i>pous</i>, F. <i>pouls</i>, fr. L. <i>pulsus</i>  (sc.
<i>venarum</i>), the beating of the pulse, the pulse, from
<i>pellere</i>, <i>pulsum</i>, to beat, strike; cf. Gr. &?; to swing,
shake, &?; to shake.  Cf. <u>Appeal</u>, <u>Compel</u>, <u>Impel</u>,
<u>Push</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The beating or
throbbing of the heart or blood vessels, especially of the
arteries.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In an artery the pulse is due to the expansion and
contraction of the elastic walls of the artery by the action of the
heart upon the column of blood in the arterial system. On the
commencement of the diastole of the ventricle, the semilunar valves
are closed, and the aorta recoils by its elasticity so as to force
part of its contents into the vessels farther onwards. These, in turn,
as they already contain a certain quantity of blood, expand, recover
by an elastic recoil, and transmit the movement with diminished
intensity. Thus a series of movements, gradually diminishing in
intensity, pass along the arterial system (see the Note under
<u>Heart</u>). For the sake of convenience, the radial artery at the
wrist is generally chosen to detect the precise character of the
pulse. The pulse rate varies with age, position, sex, stature,
physical and psychical influences, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any measured or regular beat; any short,
quick motion, regularly repeated, as of a medium in the transmission
of light, sound, etc.; oscillation; vibration; pulsation; impulse;
beat; movement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The measured <i>pulse</i> of racing oars.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the ear receives any simple sound, it is struck by
a single <i>pulse</i> of the air, which makes the eardrum and the
other membranous parts vibrate according to the nature and species of
the stroke.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pulse glass</b></col>, <cd>an instrument consisting to a
glass tube with terminal bulbs, and containing ether or alcohol, which
the heat of the hand causes to boil; -- so called from the
<i>pulsating</i> motion of the liquid when thus warmed.</cd> --
<col><b>Pulse wave</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the wave of
increased pressure started by the ventricular systole, radiating from
the semilunar valves over the arterial system, and gradually
disappearing in the smaller branches.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>the <i>pulse wave</i> travels over the arterial system
at the rate of about 29.5 feet in a second.</blockquote> <i>H. N.
Martin.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To feel one's pulse</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To ascertain, by the sense of feeling, the condition of the
arterial pulse.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Hence, to sound one's
opinion; to try to discover one's mind.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pulse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To beat, as the
arteries; to move in pulses or beats; to pulsate; to throb.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pulse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Pulsate</u>,
<u>Pulse</u> a beating.] <def>To drive by a pulsation; to cause to
pulsate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pulse"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no pulsation;
lifeless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pulse"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being pulseless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul*sif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pulse</i> + L.
<i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Exciting the pulse; causing
pulsation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul*sim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pulse</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A sphygmograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pulsio</i>, fr.
<i>pellere</i>, <i>pulsum</i>, to drive: cf. F. <i>pulsion</i>.]
<def>The act of driving forward; propulsion; -- opposed to
<i>suction</i> or <i>traction</i>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 1162 !></p>

<p><hw>Pul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to compel;
compulsory.</def> [R.] "The <i>pulsive</i> strain of conscience."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul*som"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pulse</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A device, with valves, for raising water by
steam, partly by atmospheric pressure, and partly by the direct action
of the steam on the water, without the intervention of a piston; --
also called <i>vacuum pump</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pulsimeter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pult</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pultac&eacute;</i>. See 1st <u>Pulse</u>.] <def>Macerated;
softened; nearly fluid.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pul"tesse</hw> (?), <hw>Pul"tise</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Poultry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pu"lu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vegetable
substance consisting of soft, elastic, yellowish brown chaff, gathered
in the Hawaiian Islands from the young fronds of free ferns of the
genus <i>Cibotium</i>, chiefly <i>C. Menziesii</i>; -- used for
stuffing mattresses, cushions, etc., and as an absorbent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"ver*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being reduced to fine powder.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul`ver*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having a finely powdered surface; pulverulent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"ver*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pulveratus</i>, p. p. of <i>pulverare</i> to pulverize. See
<u>Pulverize</u>.] <def>To beat or reduce to powder or dust; to
pulverize.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pul"ver*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pulvis</i>,
<i>pulveris</i>, dust, powder; cf. F. <i>pulv&eacute;rin</i>.]
<def>Ashes of barilla.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"ver*i`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting
of being pulverized; pulverable.</def>  <i>Barton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul`ver*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pulv&eacute;risation</i>.] <def>The action of reducing to dust or
powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"ver*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pulverized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Pulverizing</u> (?).] [F. <i>pulv&eacute;riser</i>, L.
<i>pulverizare</i>, fr. <i>pulvis</i> dust, powder. See
<u>Powder</u>.] <def>To reduce of fine powder or dust, as by beating,
grinding, or the like; as, friable substances may be <i>pulverized</i>
by grinding or beating, but to <i>pulverize</i> malleable bodies other
methods must be pursued.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"ver*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
reduced to powder; to fall to dust; as, the stone <i>pulverizes</i>
easily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"ver*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, pulverizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"ver*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>pulvereus</i>, from <i>pulvis</i>, <i>pulveris</i>, dust, powder.]
<def>Consisting of dust or powder; like powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul*ver"u*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being pulverulent; abundance of dust or powder;
dustiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul*ver"u*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pulverulentus</i>, fr. <i>pulvis</i>, <i>pulveris</i>, dust,
powder: cf. F. <i>pulv&eacute;rulent</i>.] <def>Consisting of, or
reducible to, fine powder; covered with dust or powder; powdery;
dusty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"vil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>polviglio</i>,
fr. L. <i>pulvis</i>, <i>pulveris</i>, dust, powder: cf. Sp.
<i>polvillo</i>.] <def>A sweet-scented powder; pulvillio.</def>
[Written also <i>pulville</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pul"vil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To apply pulvil
to.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pul*vil"li*o</hw> (?), <hw>Pul*vil"lo</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pulvil</u>.] <def>A kind of perfume in
the form of a powder, formerly much used, -- often in little
bags.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Smells of incense, ambergris, and
<i>pulvillios</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pul*vil"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pulvilli</b></plw> (#). [L., a little cushion.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the minute cushions on the feet of
certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pul*vi"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a cushion.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A prominence on the posterior part of the thalamus
of the human brain.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pul"vi*nate</hw> (?), <hw>Pul"vi*na`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pulvinatus</i>, fr. <i>pulvinus</i> a
cushion, an elevation.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Curved
convexly or swelled; as, a <i>pulvinated</i> frieze.</def>  <i>Brande
& C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the form of a
cushion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul*vin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Vulpinic</u>, by transposition of the letters.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the
decomposition of vulpinic acid, as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pul*vin"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pulvinuli</b></plw> (#). [L., a little mound.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pulvillus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ma</hw> (p&umacr;"m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Peruv.
<i>puma</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large American carnivore
(<i>Felis concolor</i>), found from Canada to Patagonia, especially
among the mountains. Its color is tawny, or brownish yellow, without
spots or stripes. Called also <i>catamount</i>, <i>cougar</i>,
<i>American lion</i>, <i>mountain lion</i>, and <i>panther</i> or
<i>painter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pume</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
stint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"mi*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pumicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pumicating</u>.] [L. <i>pumicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>pumicare</i> to
pumicate, fr. <i>pumex</i>. See <u>Pumice</u>.] <def>To make smooth
with pumice.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pum"ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pumex</i>,
<i>pumicis</i>, prob. akin to <i>spuma</i> foam: cf. AS. <i>pumic-
</i>st&amacr;n.  Cf. <u>Pounce</u> a powder, <u>Spume</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A very light porous volcanic scoria, usually of a
gray color, the pores of which are capillary and parallel, giving it a
fibrous structure. It is supposed to be produced by the disengagement
of watery vapor without liquid or plastic lava. It is much used, esp.
in the form of powder, for smoothing and polishing. Called also
<i>pumice stone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pum"iced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>Affected with a kind of chronic laminitis in which there is a
growth of soft spongy horn between the coffin bone and the hoof wall.
The disease is called <i>pumiced foot</i>, or <i>pumice
foot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*mi`ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pumiceus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to pumice; resembling
pumice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pum"ice stone`</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>Pumice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*mic"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pumice</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Resembling, or having the structure of,
pumice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pum"mace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pomace</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pum"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pommel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pump</hw> (p&ubreve;mp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably so
called as being worn for <i>pomp</i> or ornament. See <u>Pomp</u>.]
<def>A low shoe with a thin sole.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pump</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D. <i>pomp</i>, G.
<i>pumpe</i>, F. <i>pompe</i>; of unknown origin.] <def>An hydraulic
machine, variously constructed, for raising or transferring fluids,
consisting essentially of a moving piece or piston working in a hollow
cylinder or other cavity, with valves properly placed for admitting or
retaining the fluid as it is drawn or driven through them by the
action of the piston.</def>
</p>

<p>&fist; for various kinds of pumps, see <u>Air pump</u>, <u>Chain
pump</u>, and <u>Force pump</u>; also, under <u>Lifting</u>,
<u>Plunger</u>, <u>Rotary</u>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Circulating pump</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a
pump for driving the condensing water through the casing, or tubes, of
a surface condenser.</cd> -- <col><b>Pump brake</b></col>.  <cd>See
<i>Pump handle</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Pump dale</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Dale</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pump gear</b></col>, <cd>the
apparatus belonging to a pump.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Pump
handle</b></col>, <cd>the lever, worked by hand, by which motion is
given to the bucket of a pump.</cd> -- <col><b>Pump hood</b></col>,
<cd>a semicylindrical appendage covering the upper wheel of a chain
pump.</cd> -- <col><b>Pump rod</b></col>, <cd>the rod to which the
bucket of a pump is fastened, and which is attached to the brake or
handle; the piston rod.</cd> -- <col><b>Pump room</b></col>, <cd>a
place or room at a mineral spring where the waters are drawn and
drunk.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Pump spear</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<i>Pump rod</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Pump stock</b></col>, <cd>the
stationary part, body, or barrel of a pump.</cd> -- <col><b>Pump
well</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See <u>Well</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pump</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pumped</u> (p&ubreve;mt; 215); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>pumping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To raise with a
pump, as water or other liquid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw water, or the like, from; to from
water by means of a pump; as, they <i>pumped</i> the well dry; to
<i>pump</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, to draw out or obtain, as
secrets or money, by persistent questioning or plying; to question or
ply persistently in order to elicit something, as information, money,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>pump</i> not me for politics.</blockquote>
<i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To work, or raise
water, a pump.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pump"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
raised by pumps, or the work done by pumps.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pumpage</i> last year amounted to . . .
gallons.</blockquote> <i>Sci. Amer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pump"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who pumps; the
instrument or machine used in pumping.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pump"er*nick`el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>A sort
of bread, made of unbolted rye, which forms the chief food of the
Westphalian peasants. It is acid but nourishing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pum"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pompet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pumpet ball</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a ball for
inking types; a pompet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pump"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>pump</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pumping engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine and pump
combined for raising water. See <u>Steam engine</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pump"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Pumpkin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pump"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For older
<i>pompion</i>, <i>pompon</i>, OF. <i>pompon</i>, L. <i>pepo</i>,
<i>peponis</i>, Gr. &?;, properly, cooked by the sun, ripe, mellow; --
so called because not eaten till ripe.  Cf. <u>Cook</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A well-known trailing plant
(<i>Cucurbita pepo</i>)  and its fruit, -- used for cooking and for
feeding stock; a pompion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pumpkin seed</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
flattish oval seed of the pumpkin</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>The common pondfish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pu"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>pummer</i> big, large, and E. <i>pomey</i> pommel.] <def>Large and
rounded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A gentle stream, whose murmuring wave did play<BR>
Amongst the <i>pumy</i> stones.</blockquote> <i> Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pun</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Pound</u> to
beat.] <def>To pound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He would <i>pun</i> thee into shivers with his
fist.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pun</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pun</u> to pound,
<u>Pound</u> to beat.] <def>A play on words which have the same sound
but different meanings; an expression in which two different
applications of a word present an odd or ludicrous idea; a kind of
quibble or equivocation.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A better <i>put</i> on this word was made on the
Beggar's Opera, which, it was said, made Gay rich, and Rich
gay.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pun</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Punned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Punning</u>.] <def>To make puns, or a pun; to use a word in a
double sense, especially when the contrast of ideas is ludicrous; to
play upon words; to quibble.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pun</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To persuade or affect by
a pun.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Punch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>p&amacr;nch</i>
five, Skr. <i>pa</i>&?;<i>can</i>. So called because composed of five
ingredients, viz., sugar, arrack, spice, water, and lemon juice. See
<u>Five</u>.] <def>A beverage composed of wine or distilled liquor,
water (or milk), sugar, and the juice of lemon, with spice or mint; --
specifically named from the kind of spirit used; as <i>rum punch</i>,
<i>claret punch</i>, <i>champagne punch</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Milk punch</b></col>, <cd>a sort of punch made with spirit,
milk, sugar, spice, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Punch bowl</b></col>, <cd>a
large bowl in which punch is made, or from which it is served.</cd> --
<col><b>Roman punch</b></col>, <cd>a punch frozen and served as an
ice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Punch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev, fr.
<i>punchinello</i>.] <def>The buffoon or harlequin of a puppet
show.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Punch and Judy</b></col>, <cd>a puppet show in which a
comical little hunchbacked Punch, with a large nose, engages in
altercation with his wife Judy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Punch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E.  Cf.
<u>Punchy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short, fat fellow; anything
short and thick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . did hear them call their fat child
<i>punch</i>, which pleased me mightily, that word being become a word
of common use for all that is thick and short.</blockquote>
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a breed of large, heavy draught
horses; as, the Suffolk <i>punch</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>punchen</i>,
perhaps the same word as E. <i>punish</i>: or cf. E. <i>bunch</i>.]
<def>To thrust against; to poke; as, to <i>punch</i> one with the end
of a stick or the elbow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thrust or blow.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Punch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr. <i>puncheon</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tool, usually of steel, variously shaped at
one end for different uses, and either solid, for stamping or for
perforating holes in metallic plates and other substances, or hollow
and sharpedged, for cutting out blanks, as for buttons, steel pens,
jewelry, and the like; a die.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pile Driving)</i> <def>An extension piece
applied to the top of a pile; a dolly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A prop, as for the roof of a
mine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bell punch</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bell</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Belt punch</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a punch, or punch
pliers, for making holes for lacings in the ends of driving
belts.</cd> -- <col><b>Punch press</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Punching
machine</i>, under <u>Punch</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Punch pliers</b></col>, <cd>pliers having a tubular, sharp-
edged steel punch attached to one of the jaws, for perforating
leather, paper, and the like.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Punch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Punched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Punching</u>.] [From <u>Punch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, a tool;
cf. F. <i>poin&ccedil;onner</i>.] <def>To perforate or stamp with an
instrument by pressure, or a blow; as, to <i>punch</i> a hole; to
<i>punch</i> ticket.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Punching machine</b></col>, or <col><b>Punching
press</b></col>, <cd>a machine tool for punching holes in metal or
other material; -- called also <i>punch press</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Punch"eon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>poin&ccedil;on</i> awl, bodkin, crown, king-post, fr. L.
<i>punctio</i> a pricking, fr. <i>pungere</i> to prick. See
<u>Pungent</u>, and cf. <u>Punch</u> a tool, <u>Punction</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A figured stamp, die, or punch, used by
goldsmiths, cutlers, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A short, upright piece of
timber in framing; a short post; an intermediate stud.</def>  <i>Oxf.
Gloss.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A split log or heavy slab with the face
smoothed; as, a floor made of <i>puncheons</i>.</def> [U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [F. <i>poin&ccedil;on</i>, perh. the same as
<i>poin&ccedil;on</i> an awl.] <def>A cask containing, sometimes 84,
sometimes 120, gallons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, punches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pun"chin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Puncheon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pun`chi*nel"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>pulcinella</i>, probably originally a word of endearment, dim. of
<i>pulcina</i>, <i>pulcino</i>, a chicken, from L. <i>pullicenus</i>,
<i>pullus</i>. See <u>Pullet</u>.] <def>A punch; a buffoon;
originally, in a puppet show, a character represented as fat, short,
and humpbacked.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Punch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Perhaps for
<i>paunchy</i>, from <i>paunch</i>. See 3d <u>Punch</u>.] <def>Short
and thick, or fat.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Punc"ta*ted</hw> (?), <hw>Punc"ta*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.  <i>punctum</i> point.  See <u>Point</u>
.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pointed; ending in a point or
points.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Dotted with small spots
of color, or with minute depressions or pits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punc*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who marks
with points. specifically, one who writes Hebrew with points; --
applied to a Masorite.</def>  <i>E. Robinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Punc*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Comprised
in, or like, a point; exact.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Punc"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>punctum</i>
point + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punc*til"io</hw> (p&ubreve;&nsm;k*t&ibreve;l"y&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Punctilios</b></plw> (-
y&omacr;z). [It. <i>puntiglio</i>, or Sp. <i>puntillo</i>, dim. fr. L.
<i>punctum</i> point. See <u>Point</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
nice point of exactness in conduct, ceremony, or proceeding;
particularity or exactness in forms; as, the <i>punctilios</i> of a
public ceremony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They will not part with the least <i>punctilio</i> in
their opinions and practices.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Punc*til"ious</hw> (-y&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>puntiglioso</i>, Sp. <i>puntilloso</i>.] <def>Attentive to
punctilio; very nice or exact in the forms of behavior, etiquette, or
mutual intercourse; precise; exact in the smallest particulars.</def>
"A <i>punctilious</i> observance of divine laws." <i>Rogers.</i> "Very
<i>punctilious</i> copies of any letters." <i>The Nation.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Punctilious</i> in the simple and intelligible
instances of common life.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Punc*til"ious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Punc*til"ious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Punc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>punctio</i>,
fr. <i>pungere</i>, <i>punctum</i>, to prick: cf. F. <i>ponction</i>.
Cf. <u>Puncheon</u>.] <def>A puncturing, or pricking; a
puncture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punc"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
punctator.</def>  <i>E. Henderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Punc"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Punto</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A nice point of form or ceremony.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A term applied to the point in
fencing.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Punc"tu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>ponctuel</i>
(cf. Sp. <i>puntual</i>, It. <i>puntuale</i>), from L. <i>punctum</i>
point. See <u>Point</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting in a
point; limited to a point; unextended.</def> [R.] "This
<i>punctual</i> spot."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The theory of the <i>punctual</i> existence of the
soul.</blockquote> <i> Krauth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Observant of nice points; punctilious;
precise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Punctual</i> to tediousness in all that he
relates.</blockquote> <i> Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So much on <i>punctual</i> niceties they
stand.</blockquote> <i>C. Pitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appearing or done at, or adhering exactly
to, a regular or an appointed time; precise; prompt; as, a
<i>punctual</i> man; a <i>punctual</i> payment.</def> "The race of the
undeviating and <i>punctual</i> sun."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These sharp strokes [of a pendulum], with their
inexorably steady intersections, so agree with our successive thoughts
that they seem like the <i>punctual</i> stops counting off our very
souls into the past.</blockquote> <i> J. Martineau.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1163 !></p>

<p><hw>Punc"tu*al*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
very exact in observing forms and ceremonies.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Punc`tu*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ponctualit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
punctual; especially, adherence to the exact time of an engagement;
exactness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punc"tu*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
punctual manner; promptly; exactly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punc"tu*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Punctuality;
exactness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punc"tu*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Punctuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Punctuating</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>ponctuer</i>. See
<u>Punctual</u>.] <def>To mark with points; to separate into
sentences, clauses, etc., by points or stops which mark the proper
pauses in expressing the meaning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punc`tu*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ponctuation</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The act or art of punctuating
or pointing a writing or discourse; the art or mode of dividing
literary composition into sentences, and members of a sentence, by
means of points, so as to elucidate the author's meaning.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Punctuation</i>, as the term is usually understood, is
chiefly performed with four points: the <i>period</i> [.], the
<i>colon</i> [:], the <i>semicolon</i> [;], and the <i>comma</i> [,].
Other points used in writing and printing, partly rhetorical and
partly grammatical, are the <i>note of interrogation</i> [?], the
<i>note of exclamation</i> [!], the <i>parentheses</i> [()], the
<i>dash</i> [--], and <i>brackets</i> [].  It was not until the 16th
century that an approach was made to the present system of punctuation
by the Manutii of Venice. With Caxton, oblique strokes took the place
of commas and periods.</p>

<p><hw>Punc"tu*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
belonging to points of division; relating to punctuation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>punctuative</i> intonation of feeble
cadence.</blockquote> <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>Punc"tu*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
punctuates, as in writing; specifically, a punctator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punc"tu*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
punctator.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Punc"tu*late</hw> (?), <hw>Punc"tu*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>punctulum</i>, dim. of <i>punctum</i>
point.] <def>Marked with small spots.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The studs have their surface <i>punctulated</i>, as if
set all over with other studs infinitely lesser.</blockquote> <i>
Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Punc"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a point.] <def>A
point.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Punctum c&aelig;cum</b></col>. [L., blind point.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Blind spot</i>, under <u>Blind</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>||Punctum proximum</b></col>, <cd>near point. See under
<u>Point</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>||Punctum remotum</b></col>, <cd>far
point. See under <u>Point</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>||Punctum
vegetationis</b></col> [L., point of vegetation] <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the terminal cell of a stem, or of a leaf bud, from which new
growth originates.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Punc`tu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of puncturing. See <u>Acupuncture</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>punctura</i>,
fr. <i>pungere</i>, <i>punctum</i>, to prick. See <u>Pungent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of puncturing; perforating with
something pointed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small hole made by a point; a slight
wound, bite, or sting; as, the <i>puncture</i> of a nail, needle, or
pin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lion may perish by the <i>puncture</i> of an
asp.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Punc"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Punctured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Puncturing</u>.] <def>To pierce with a small, pointed instrument,
or the like; to prick; to make a puncture in; as, to <i>puncture</i>
the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punc"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the surface covered with minute indentations or
dots.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Produced by puncture; having
the characteristics of a puncture; as, a <i>punctured</i>
wound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pun"dit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>pandit</i>,
Skr. <i>pandita</i> a learned man.] <def>A learned man; a teacher;
esp., a Brahman versed in the Sanskrit language, and in the science,
laws, and religion of the Hindoos; in Cashmere, any clerk or native
official.</def> [Written also <i>pandit</i>.] [India]</p>

<p><hw>Pun"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Bundle</u>.]
<def>A short and fat woman; a squab.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pu"nese</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>punaise</i>, fr.
<i>punais</i> stinking, fr. L. <i>putere</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bedbug.</def> [R or Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pung</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A
kind of plain sleigh drawn by one horse; originally, a rude oblong box
on runners.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sledges or <i>pungs</i>, coarsely framed of split
saplings, and surmounted with a large crockery crate.</blockquote> <i>
Judd.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They did not take out the <i>pungs</i> to-
day.</blockquote> <i> E. E. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pun"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pungent</u>.]
<def>Pungency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pun"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being pungent or piercing; keenness; sharpness; piquancy; as,
the <i>pungency</i> of ammonia.</def> "The <i>pungency</i> of
menaces."  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pun"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pungens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>pungere</i>, <i>punctum</i>, to prick.
Cf. <u>Compunction</u>, <u>Expunge</u>, <u>Poignant</u>, <u>Point</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Puncheon</u>, <u>Punctilio</u>, <u>Punt</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Causing a sharp
sensation, as of the taste, smell, or feelings; pricking; biting;
acrid; as, a <i>pungent</i> spice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pungent</i> radish biting infant's
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pungent</i> grains of titillating
dust.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sharply painful; penetrating; poignant;
severe; caustic; stinging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>pungent</i> pains on every side.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>pungent</i> pen played its part in rousing the
nation.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Prickly-pointed; hard and
sharp.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Acrid; piercing; sharp; penetrating; acute; keen;
acrimonious; biting; stinging.</p>

<p><hw>Pun"gent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a pungent
manner; sharply.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pun"gled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>Shriveled or shrunken; -- said especially of grain which has lost
its juices from the ravages of insects, such as the wheat midge, or
Trips (<i>Thrips cerealium</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pung"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A small sloop or shallop, or a large boat with sails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Punicus</i>
pertaining to Carthage, or its inhabitants, fr. <i>Poeni</i> the
Carthaginians.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the ancient
Carthaginians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of the ancient
Carthaginians; faithless; treacherous; as, <i>Punic</i>
faith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yes, yes, his faith attesting nations own;<BR>
'T is <i>Punic</i> all, and to a proverb known.</blockquote> <i> H.
Brooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"nice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Punese</u>.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pu"nice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To punish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pu*ni"ceous</hw> (?), <hw>Pu*ni"cial</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>puniceus</i>, fr. <i>Punicus</i> Punic.]
<def>Of a bright red or purple color.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pu"ni*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being puny; littleness; pettiness; feebleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pun"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Punished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Punishing</u>.] [OE. <i>punischen</i>, F. <i>punir</i>, from L.
<i>punire</i>, <i>punitum</i>, akin to <i>poena</i> punishment,
penalty. See <u>Pain</u>, and <u>-ish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
impose a penalty upon; to afflict with pain, loss, or suffering for a
crime or fault, either with or without a view to the offender's
amendment; to cause to suffer in retribution; to chasten; as, to
<i>punish</i> traitors with death; a father <i>punishes</i> his child
for willful disobedience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A greater power<BR>
Now ruled him, <i>punished</i> in the shape he sinned.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inflict a penalty for (an offense) upon
the offender; to repay, as a fault, crime, etc., with pain or loss;
as, to <i>punish</i> murder or treason with death.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To injure, as by beating; to pommel.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To chastise; castigate; scourge; whip; lash;
correct; discipline. See <u>Chasten</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pun"ish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>punissable</i>.] <def>Deserving of, or liable to, punishment;
capable of being punished by law or right; -- said of person or
offenses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That time was, when to be a Protestant, to be a
Christian, was by law as <i>punishable</i> as to be a
traitor.</blockquote> <i> Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pun"ish*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pun"ish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who inflicts
punishment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pun"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of punishing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any pain, suffering, or loss inflicted on a
person because of a crime or offense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I never gave them condign
<i>punishment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rewards and <i>punishments</i> of another
life.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A penalty inflicted by a court
of justice on a convicted offender as a just retribution, and
incidentally for the purposes of reformation and prevention.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>punitio</i>:
cf. F. <i>punition</i>. See <u>Punish</u>.] <def>Punishment.</def>
[R.]  <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ni*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to punishment; involving, awarding, or inflicting punishment; as,
<i>punitive</i> law or justice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If death be <i>punitive</i>, so, likewise, is the
necessity imposed upon man of toiling for his
subsistence.</blockquote> <i> I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall dread a blow from the <i>punitive</i>
hand.</blockquote> <i>Bagehot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ni*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Punishing;
tending to punishment; punitive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . may make moral evil, as well as natural, at
the same time both prudential and <i>punitory</i>.</blockquote> <i>A.
Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Punk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Spunk</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wood so decayed as to be dry, crumbly, and
useful for tinder; touchwood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fungus (<i>Polyporus fomentarius</i>,
etc.) sometimes dried for tinder; agaric.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An artificial tinder. See <u>Amadou</u>,
and <u>Spunk</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A prostitute; a strumpet.</def> [Obsoles.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pun"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>pankh&amacr;</i> fan.] <def>A machine for fanning a room, usually a
movable fanlike frame covered with canvas, and suspended from the
ceiling. It is kept in motion by pulling a cord.</def> [Hindostan]
[Written also <i>punkah</i>.]  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pun"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pumpkin.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Punk"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young
strumpet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pun"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A punster.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pun"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. <i>buinne</i> a
shoot, branch.] <def>A broad, shallow basket, for displaying fruit or
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pun*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pun</i> + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>The art or practice of punning; paronomasia.</def>
[R.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pun"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who puns, or
is skilled in, or given to, punning; a quibbler; a low wit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>ponter</i>, or
It. <i>puntare</i>, fr. L. <i>punctum</i> point. See <u>Point</u>.]
<def>To play at basset, baccara, faro. or omber; to gamble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She heard . . . of his <i>punting</i> at gaming
tables.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Punt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of playing at basset,
baccara, faro, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS., fr. L. <i>ponto</i> punt,
pontoon. See <u>Pontoon</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A flat-bottomed boat
with square ends. It is adapted for use in shallow waters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
propel, as a boat in shallow water, by pushing with a pole against the
bottom; to push or propel (anything) with exertion.</def>
<i>Livingstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Football)</i> <def>To kick (the ball) before
it touches the ground, when let fall from the hands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Football)</i> <def>The act
of punting the ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Cf. F. <i>ponte</i>. See
<u>Punt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>One who punts;
specifically, one who plays against the banker or dealer, as in
baccara and faro.</def>  <i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Punt"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who punts a
football; also, one who propels a punt.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pun"til</hw> (?), <hw>Pun"tel</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Glass Making)</i> <def>See
<u>Pontee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pun"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>punto</i>, L.
<i>punctum</i> point. See <u>Point</u>.] <i>(Fencing)</i> <def>A point
or hit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Punto diritto</b></col> [It.], <cd>a direct stroke or
hit.</cd> -- <col><b>||Punto reverso</b></col> [It. <i>riverso</i>
reverse], <cd>a backhanded stroke.</cd> <i>Halliwell.</i> "Ah, the
immortal passado! the <i>punto reverso</i>!"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pun"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Glass Making)</i>
<def>See <u>Pontee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Punier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Puniest</u>.] [F.
<i>pu&icirc;t&eacute;</i> younger, later born, OF.
<i>puisn&eacute;</i>; <i>puis</i> afterwards (L. <i>post</i>; see
<u>Post-</u>) + <i>n&eacute;</i> born, L. <i>natus</i>. See
<u>Natal</u>, and cf. <u>Puisne</u>.] <def>Imperfectly developed in
size or vigor; small and feeble; inferior; petty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>puny</i> subject strikes at thy great
glory.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Breezes laugh to scorn our <i>puny</i>
speed.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A youth; a
novice.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puoy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Poy</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pup</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Puppy</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A young dog; a
puppy.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>a young seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pup</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pupped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pupping</u>.] <def>To bring forth whelps or young, as the female of
the canine species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Pup&?;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Pupas</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>pupa</i> girl. doll, puppet, fem. of <i>pupus</i>.  Cf.
<u>Puppet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any insect
in that stage of its metamorphosis which usually immediately precedes
the adult, or imago, stage.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among insects belonging to the higher orders, as the
Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, the pupa is inactive and takes no
food; in the lower orders it is active and takes food, and differs
little from the imago except in the rudimentary state of the sexual
organs, and of the wings in those that have wings when adult. The term
<i>pupa</i> is sometimes applied to other invertebrates in analogous
stages of development.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of air-
breathing land snails having an elongated spiral shell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coarctate</b></col>, or <col><b>Obtected</b></col>,
<col><b>pupa</b></col>, <cd>a pupa which is incased in the dried-up
skin of the larva, as in many Diptera.</cd> -- <col><b>Masked
pupa</b></col>, <cd>a pupa whose limbs are bound down and partly
concealed by a chitinous covering, as in Lepidoptera.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pu"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a pupa, or the condition of a pupa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>To become a pupa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>the act of becoming a pupa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pupe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A pupa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*pe"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cider
brandy.</def> [Local, U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu*pig"er*ous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pupa</i> + <i>-
gerous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bearing or containing a pupa; --
said of dipterous larv&aelig; which do not molt when the pupa is
formed within them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"pil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pupille</i>, n.
fem., L. <i>pupilla</i> the pupil of the eye, originally dim. of
<i>pupa</i> a girl. See <u>Puppet</u>, and cf. <u>Pupil</u> a
scholar.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The aperture in the iris; the sight,
apple, or black of the eye. See the Note under <u>Eye</u>, and
<u>Iris</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pin-hole pupil</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the pupil of
the eye when so contracted (as it sometimes is in typhus, or opium
poisoning) as to resemble a pin hole.</cd>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"pil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pupille</i>, n. masc.
& fem., L. <i>pupillus</i>, <i>pupilla</i>, dim. of <i>pupus</i> boy,
<i>pupa</i> girl. See <u>Puppet</u>, and cf. <u>Pupil</u> of the eye.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A youth or scholar of either sex under the
care of an instructor or tutor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too far in years to be a <i>pupil</i> now.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tutors should behave reverently before their
<i>pupils</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person under a guardian; a ward.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>A boy or a girl under
the age of puberty, that is, under fourteen if a male, and under
twelve if a female.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Learner; disciple; tyro. -- See <u>Scholar</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pu"pil*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a pupil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As sons of kings, loving in <i>pupilage</i>,<BR>
 Have turned to tyrants when they came to power.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu`pil*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pupillarit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Pupillary</u>.] <i>(Scots Law)</i>
<def>The period before puberty, or from birth to fourteen in males,
and twelve in females.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"pil*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pupillaris</i>: cf. F. <i>pupillaire</i>. See <u>Pupil</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a pupil or ward.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
pupil of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu`pil*lom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pupilla</i> pupil of the eye +  <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>An instrument for measuring the size of the pupil of the pupil of
the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pu*pip"a*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pupiparous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Diptera in
which the young are born in a stage like the pupa. It includes the
sheep tick, horse tick, and other parasites. Called also
<i>Homaloptera</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*pip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pupa</i> + L.
<i>parere</i> to bring forth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Bearing, or containing, a pupa; -- said of the matured
larv&aelig;, or larval skins, of certain Diptera.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the Pupipara.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pu*piv"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pupivorous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of parasitic
Hymenoptera, including the ichneumon flies, which destroy the
larv&aelig; and pup&aelig; of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*piv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pupa</i> + L.
<i>vorare</i> to devour.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feeding on the
pup&aelig; of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pup"li*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Publican.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pup"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>popet</i>, OF.
<i>poupette</i>; akin to F. <i>poup&eacute;e</i> a doll, probably from
L. <i>puppa</i>, <i>pupa</i>, a girl, doll, puppet.  Cf.
<u>Poupeton</u>, <u>Pupa</u>, <u>Pupil</u>, <u>Puppy</u>.] [Written
also <i>poppet</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small image in the
human form; a doll.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1164 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A similar figure moved by the hand or by a
wire in a mock drama; a marionette; a wooden actor in a
play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the pipes of some carved organ move,<BR>
The gilded <i>puppets</i> dance.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One controlled in his action by the will of
another; a tool; -- so used in contempt.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The upright support for the
bearing of the spindle in a lathe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Puppet master</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Puppetman</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Puppet play</b></col>, <cd>a puppet show.</cd> --
<col><b>Puppet player</b></col>, <cd>one who manages the motions of
puppets.</cd> -- <col><b>Puppet show</b></col>, <cd>a mock drama
performed by puppets moved by wires.</cd> -- <col><b>Puppet
valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve in the form of a circular disk, which
covers a hole in its seat, and opens by moving bodily away from the
seat while remaining parallel with it, -- used in steam engines,
pumps, safety valves, etc.  Its edge is often beveled, and fits in a
conical recess in the seat when the valve is closed. See the valves
shown in <i>Illusts.</i> of <i>Plunger pump</i>, and <i>Safety
valve</i>, under <u>Plunger</u>, and <u>Safety</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pup"pet*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
puppet in appearance or action; of the nature of a puppet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pup"pet*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A master of a
puppet show.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pup"pet*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Action or
appearance resembling that of a puppet, or puppet show; hence, mere
form or show; affectation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Puppetry</i> of the English laws of
divorce.</blockquote> <i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pup"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Puppies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>poup&eacute;e</i> doll, puppet.
See <u>Puppet</u>, and cf. <u>Pup</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The young of a canine
animal, esp. of the common dog; a whelp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A name of contemptuous reproach for a
conceited and impertinent person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I found my place taken by an ill-bred, awkward
<i>puppy</i> with a money bag under each arm.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pup"py</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Puppied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Puppying</u>.] <def>To bring forth whelps; to pup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pup"py*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The time or
state of being a puppy; the time of being young and
undisciplined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pup"py*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
puppy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pup"py*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Extreme
meanness, affectation, conceit, or impudence.</def>  <i>A.
Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Purred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Purring</u>.] [Of imitative origin; cf. Prov. G.  <i>purren</i>.]
<def>To utter a low, murmuring, continued sound, as a cat does when
pleased.</def> [Written also <i>purr</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pur</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To signify or express by
purring.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The low, murmuring sound
made by a cat to express contentment or pleasure.</def> [Written also
<i>purr</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pu*ra"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>pur&amacr;&?;</i>, properly. old, ancient, fr. <i>pur&amacr;</i>
formerly.] <def>One of a class of sacred Hindoo poetical works in the
Sanskrit language which treat of the creation, destruction, and
renovation of worlds, the genealogy and achievements of gods and
heroes, the reigns of the Manus, and the transactions of their
descendants. The principal Puranas are eighteen in number, and there
are the same number of supplementary books called <i>Upa
Puranas</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*ran"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
Puranas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"beck beds`</hw> (?). [So called from the Isle of
<i>Purbeck</i> in England.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The strata of the
Purbeck stone, or Purbeck limestone, belonging to the O&ouml;litic
group. See the <i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"beck stone`</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A limestone from
the Isle of Purbeck in England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>pure-
blind</i>, i. e., wholly blind. See <u>Pure</u>, and cf.
<u>Poreblind</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wholly blind.</def>
"<i>Purblind</i> Argus, all eyes and no sight."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nearsighted, or dim-sighted; seeing
obscurely; as, a <i>purblind</i> eye; a <i>purblind</i>
mole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The saints have not so sharp eyes to see down from
heaven; they be <i>purblind</i>and sand-blind.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>purblind</i> race of miserable men.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pur"blind`ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pur"blind`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Purce"lane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Purslane.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pur"chas*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being bought, purchased, or obtained for a consideration; hence,
venal; corrupt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Money being the counterbalance to all things
<i>purchasable</i> by it, as much as you take off from the value of
money, so much you add to the price of things exchanged.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"chase</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Purchased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Purchasing</u>.] [OE. <i>purchasen</i>,
<i>porchacen</i>, OF. <i>porchacier</i>, <i>purchacier</i>, to pursue,
to seek eagerly, F. <i>pourchasser</i>; OF. <i>pour</i>, <i>por</i>,
<i>pur</i>, for (L. <i>pro</i>) + <i>chacier</i> to pursue, to chase.
See <u>Chase</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pursue and obtain; to
acquire by seeking; to gain, obtain, or acquire.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That loves the thing he can not
<i>purchase</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your accent is Something finer than you could
<i>purchase</i> in so removed a dwelling.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His faults . . . hereditary<BR>
Rather than <i>purchased</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obtain by paying money or its
equivalent; to buy for a price; as, to <i>purchase</i> land, or a
house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The field which Abraham <i>purchased</i> of the sons of
Heth.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxv. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To obtain by any outlay, as of labor,
danger, or sacrifice, etc.; as, to <i>purchase</i> favor with
flattery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One poor retiring minute . . . <BR>
Would <i>purchase</i> thee a thousand thousand friends.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A world who would not <i>purchase</i> with a
bruise?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To expiate by a fine or forfeit.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not tears nor prayers shall <i>purchase</i> out
abuses.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To acquire
by any means except descent or inheritance.</def> <i>Blackstone.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To buy for a price.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To apply to (anything) a device for
obtaining a mechanical advantage; to get a purchase upon, or apply a
purchase to; as, to <i>purchase</i> a cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"chase</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To put forth effort to obtain anything; to strive; to exert one's
self.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Duke John of Brabant <i>purchased</i> greatly that the
Earl of Flanders should have his daughter in marriage.</blockquote>
<i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To acquire wealth or property.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sure our lawyers<BR>
Would not <i>purchase</i> half so fast.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"chase</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>purchds</i>, F. <i>pourchas</i> eager pursuit. See <u>Purchase</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of seeking,
getting, or obtaining anything.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll . . . get meat to have thee,<BR>
Or lose my life in the <i>purchase</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of seeking and acquiring
property.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The acquisition of title to, or properly
in, anything for a price; buying for money or its
equivalent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is foolish to lay out money in the <i>purchase</i>
of repentance.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is obtained, got, or acquired,
in any manner, honestly or dishonestly; property; possession;
acquisition.</def>  <i>Chaucer. B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We met with little <i>purchase</i> upon this coast,
except two small vessels of Golconda.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A beauty-waning and distressed widow . . . <BR>
Made prize and <i>purchase</i> of his lustful eye.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is obtained for a price in money
or its equivalent.</def> "The scrip was complete evidence of his right
in the <i>purchase</i>."  <i>Wheaton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Any mechanical hold, or advantage, applied
to the raising or removing of heavy bodies, as by a lever, a tackle,
capstan, and the like; also, the apparatus, tackle, or device by which
the advantage is gained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A politician, to do great things, looks for a power --
what our workmen call a <i>purchase</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Acquisition of lands or
tenements by other means than descent or inheritance, namely, by one's
own act or agreement.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Purchase criminal</b></col>, <cd>robbery.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i> -- <col><b>Purchase money</b></col>, <cd>the money
paid, or contracted to be paid, for anything bought.</cd>
<i>Berkeley.</i> -- <col><b>Worth, or At</b></col>, <col><b>[so many]
years' purchase</b></col>, <cd>a phrase by which the value or cost of
a thing is expressed in the length of time required for the income to
amount to the purchasing price; as, he bought the estate at a twenty
years' purchase. To say one's life is not <i>worth a day's
purchase</i> in the same as saying one will not live a day, or is in
imminent peril.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pur"chas*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who purchases; one who acquires property for a consideration,
generally of money; a buyer; a vendee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who acquires an estate in
lands by his own act or agreement, or who takes or obtains an estate
by any means other than by descent or inheritance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"dah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>parda</i> a
curtain.] <def>A curtain or screen; also, a cotton fabric in blue and
white stripes, used for curtains.</def>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pure</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Purer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Purest</u>.] [OE.
<i>pur</i>, F. <i>pur</i>, fr. L. <i>purus</i>; akin to <i>putus</i>
pure, clear, <i>putare</i> to clean, trim, prune, set in order,
settle, reckon, consider, think, Skr. <i>p&?;</i> to clean, and perh.
E. <i>fire</i>.  Cf. <u>Putative</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Separate from all heterogeneous or extraneous matter; free from
mixture or combination; clean; mere; simple; unmixed; as, <i>pure</i>
water; <i>pure</i> clay; <i>pure</i> air; <i>pure</i>
compassion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>pure</i> fetters on his shins
great.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A guinea is <i>pure</i> gold if it has in it no
alloy.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from moral defilement or quilt; hence,
innocent; guileless; chaste; -- applied to persons.</def> "Keep
thyself <i>pure</i>."  <i>1 Tim. v. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now the end of the commandment is charity out of a
<i>pure</i> heart, and of a good conscience.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. i.
5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Free from that which harms, vitiates,
weakens, or pollutes; genuine; real; perfect; -- applied to things and
actions.</def> "<i>Pure</i> religion and impartial laws."
<i>Tickell.</i> "The <i>pure</i>, fine talk of Rome."
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such was the origin of a friendship as warm and
<i>pure</i> as any that ancient or modern history
records.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>Ritually clean; fitted for
holy services.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt set them in two rows, six on a row, upon the
<i>pure</i> table before the Lord.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xxiv.
6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Of a single, simple
sound or tone; -- said of some vowels and the unaspirated
consonants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pure-impure</b></col>, <cd>completely or totally
impure.</cd> "The inhabitants were <i>pure-impure</i> pagans."
<i>Fuller.</i> -- <col><b>Pure blue</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Methylene blue</i>, under <u>Methylene</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pure
chemistry</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Chemistry</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pure mathematics</b></col>, <cd>that portion of mathematics
which treats of the principles of the science, or contradistinction to
<i>applied mathematics</i>, which treats of the application of the
principles to the investigation of other branches of knowledge, or to
the practical wants of life.</cd> See <u>Mathematics</u>. <i>Davies &
Peck (Math. Dict. )</i> -- <col><b>Pure villenage</b></col> <i>(Feudal
Law)</i>, <cd>a tenure of lands by uncertain services at the will of
the lord.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unmixed; clear; simple; real; true; genuine;
unadulterated; uncorrupted; unsullied; untarnished; unstained;
stainless; clean; fair; unspotted; spotless; incorrupt; chaste;
unpolluted; undefiled; immaculate; innocent; guiltless; guileless;
holy.</p>

<p><hw>Pured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Purified;
refined.</def> [Obs.] "Bread of <i>pured</i> wheat."  "<i>Pured</i>
gold."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pu`r&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
dish made by boiling any article of food to a pulp and rubbing it
through a sieve; as, a <i>pur&eacute;e</i> of fish, or of potatoes;
especially, a soup the thickening of which is so treated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pure"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a pure manner (in any sense of the adjective).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nicely; prettily.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pure"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
pure (in any sense of the adjective).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"file</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Purfle</u>.]
<def>A sort of ancient trimming of tinsel and thread for women's
gowns; -- called also <i>bobbinwork</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>pourfiler</i>; <i>pour</i> for + <i>fil</i> a thread, L.
<i>filum</i>. See <u>Profile</u>, and cf. <u>Purl</u> a border.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To decorate with a wrought or flowered border;
to embroider; to ornament with metallic threads; as, to <i>purfle</i>
with blue and white.</def>  <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A goodly lady clad in scarlet red,<BR>
<i>Purfled</i> with gold and pearl of rich assay.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>To ornament with a bordure of
emines, furs, and the like; also, with gold studs or
mountings.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pur"fle</hw> (?), <hw>Pur"flew</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hem, border., or
trimming, as of embroidered work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A border of any heraldic
fur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"fled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ornamented;
decorated; esp., embroidered on the edges.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Purfled work</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>delicate
tracery, especially in Gothic architecture.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pur"fling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ornamentation on
the border of a thing; specifically, the inlaid border of a musical
instrument, as a violin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ga*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>purgamentum</i> offscourings, washings, expiatory sacrifice. See
<u>Purge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is excreted;
excretion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cathartic; a
purgative.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>purgatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>purgation</i>. See <u>Purge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of purging; the act of clearing, cleansing, or putifying,
by separating and carrying off impurities, or whatever is superfluous;
the evacuation of the bowels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The clearing of one's self
from a crime of which one was publicly suspected and accused. It was
either <i>canonical</i>, which was prescribed by the canon law, the
form whereof used in the spiritual court was, that the person
suspected take his oath that he was clear of the matter objected
against him, and bring his honest neighbors with him to make oath that
they believes he swore truly; or <i>vulgar</i>, which was by fire or
water ordeal, or by combat. See <u>Ordeal</u>.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him put me to my <i>purgation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ga*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>purgativus</i>: cf. F. <i>purgatif</i>.] <def>Having the power or
quality of purging; cathartic.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A purging medicine; a cathartic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ga*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a purgative
manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pur`ga*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <hw>Pur`ga*to"ri*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to purgatory;
expiatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur`ga*to"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds
to the doctrine of purgatory.</def>  <i>Boswell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ga*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>purgatorius</i>.] <def>Tending to cleanse; cleansing;
expiatory.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ga*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>purgatoire</i>.] <def>A state or place of purification after death;
according to the Roman Catholic creed, a place, or a state believed to
exist after death, in which the souls of persons are purified by
expiating such offenses committed in this life as do not merit eternal
damnation, or in which they fully satisfy the justice of God for sins
that have been forgiven. After this purgation from the impurities of
sin, the souls are believed to be received into heaven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Purge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Purged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Purging</u> (?).] [F. <i>purger</i>, L. <i>purgare</i>;
<i>purus</i> pure + <i>agere</i> to make, to do. See <u>Pure</u>, and
<u>Agent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cleanse, clear, or purify by
separating and carrying off whatever is impure, heterogeneous,
foreign, or superfluous.</def> "Till fire <i>purge</i> all things
new."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To operate on as, or by means
of, a cathartic medicine, or in a similar manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To clarify; to defecate, as
liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To clear of sediment, as a boiler, or of
air, as a steam pipe, by driving off or permitting escape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To clear from guilt, or from moral or
ceremonial defilement; as, to <i>purge</i> one of guilt or
crime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When that he hath <i>purged</i> you from
sin.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Purge</i> me with hyssop, and I shall be
clean.</blockquote> <i>Ps. li. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To clear from accusation, or
the charge of a crime or misdemeanor, as by oath or in
ordeal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To remove in cleansing; to deterge; to wash
away; -- often followed by <i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Purge</i> away our sins, for thy name's
sake.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxix. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We 'll join our cares to <i>purge</i> away<BR>
Our country's crimes.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Purge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
become pure, as by clarification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have or produce frequent evacuations
from the intestines, as by means of a cathartic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Purge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>purge</i>. See
<u>Purge</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of purging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The preparative for the <i>purge</i> of paganism of the
kingdom of Northumberland.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which purges; especially, a medicine
that evacuates the intestines; a cathartic.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, purges or cleanses; especially, a cathartic medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part of a
sugarhouse where the molasses is drained off from the sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That purges;
cleansing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Purging flax</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an annual
European plant of the genus <i>Linum</i> (<i>L. catharticum</i>);
dwarf wild flax; -- so called from its use as a cathartic
medicine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ging</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act
of cleansing; excessive evacuations; especially, diarrhea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Euxanthin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>purification</i>, L. <i>purificatio</i>. See <u>Purify</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of purifying; the act or operation of
separating and removing from anything that which is impure or noxious,
or heterogeneous or foreign to it; as, the <i>purification</i> of
liquors, or of metals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or operation of cleansing
ceremonially, by removing any pollution or defilement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the days of her <i>purification</i> according to
the law of Moses were accomplished.</blockquote> <i>Luke ii.
22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cleansing from guilt or the pollution of
sin; the extinction of sinful desires, appetites, and
inclinations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ri*fi*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>purificatif</i>.] <def>Having power to purify; tending to
cleanse.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pu"ri*fi*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, purifies; a purifier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*rif"i*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>purificatorius</i>.] <def>Serving or tending to purify;
purificative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ri*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, purifies or cleanses; a cleanser; a refiner.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1165 !></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ri*form</hw> (p&umacr;"r&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pus</i>, <i>puris</i>, pus + <i>-form</i>:
cf. F. <i>puriforme</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>In the form of
pus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ri*fy</hw> (-f&imacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Purified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Purifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>purifier</i>, L.
<i>purificare</i>; <i>purus</i> pure + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to
make. See <u>Pure</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make pure or clear from material defilement, admixture, or
imperfection; to free from extraneous or noxious matter; as, to
<i>purify</i> liquors or metals; to <i>purify</i> the blood; to
<i>purify</i> the air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, in figurative uses:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> To free from guilt or moral defilement; as, to
<i>purify</i> the heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And fit them so<BR>
<i>Purified</i> to receive him pure.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To free from ceremonial or legal
defilement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Moses took the blood, and put it upon the horns of
the altar, . . . and <i>purified</i> the altar.</blockquote> <i>Lev.
viii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Purify</i> both yourselves and your
captives.</blockquote> <i> Num. xxxi. 19.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To free from improprieties or barbarisms;
as, to <i>purify</i> a language.</def>  <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ri*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow or become
pure or clear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pu"rim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>p&umacr;r</i>,
pl. <i>p&umacr;r&imacr;m</i>, a lot.] <def>A Jewish festival, called
also the Feast of Lots, instituted to commemorate the deliverance of
the Jews from the machinations of Haman.</def>  <i>Esther ix.
26.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>purisme</i>.]
<def>Rigid purity; the quality of being affectedly pure or nice,
especially in the choice of language; over-solicitude as to
purity.</def> "His political <i>purism</i>."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The English language, however, . . . had even already
become too thoroughly and essentially a mixed tongue for his doctrine
of <i>purism</i> to be admitted to the letter.</blockquote>
<i>Craik.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>puriste</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who aims at excessive purity or nicety,
esp. in the choice of language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Fox] . . . purified vocabulary with a scrupulosity
unknown to any <i>purist</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who maintains that the New Testament
was written in pure Greek.</def>  <i>M. Stuart.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pu*ris"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Pu*ris"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to purists or
purism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ri*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Purity</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One who, in the time of
Queen Elizabeth and the first two Stuarts, opposed traditional and
formal usages, and advocated simpler forms of faith and worship than
those established by law; -- originally, a term of reproach. The
Puritans formed the bulk of the early population of New
England.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Puritans</i> were afterward distinguished as
<i>Political Puritans</i>, <i>Doctrinal Puritans</i>, and <i>Puritans
in Discipline</i>.  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is scrupulous and strict in his
religious life; -- often used reproachfully or in contempt; one who
has overstrict notions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She would make a <i>puritan</i> of the
devil.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ri*tan</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Puritans; resembling, or characteristic of, the
Puritans.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pu`ri*tan"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pu`ri*tan"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Puritans, or to their doctrines and practice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Precise in observance of legal or religious
requirements; strict; overscrupulous; rigid; -- often used by way of
reproach or contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Paritanical</i> circles, from which plays and novels
were strictly excluded.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had all the <i>puritanic</i> traits, both good and
evil.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu`ri*tan"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
puritanical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ri*tan*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrines, notions, or practice of Puritans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ri*tan*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Puritanized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Puritanizing</u> (?).] <def>To agree with, or teach,
the doctrines of Puritans; to conform to the practice of
Puritans.</def>  <i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>purete</i>,
<i>purte</i>, OF. <i>purt&eacute;</i>, F. <i>puret&eacute;</i>, from
L. <i>puritas</i>, fr. <i>purus</i> pure. See <u>Pure</u>.] <def>The
condition of being pure.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>freedom from foreign admixture or deleterious matter; as, the
<i>purity</i> of water, of wine, of drugs, of metals.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Cleanness; freedom from foulness or
dirt.</def> "The <i>purity</i> of a linen vesture." <i>Holyday.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Freedom from guilt or the defilement of sin;
innocence; chastity; as, <i>purity</i> of heart or of life.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Freedom from any sinister or improper motives
or views.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Freedom from foreign idioms,
or from barbarous or improper words or phrases; as, <i>purity</i> of
style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"kin*je's cells`</hw> (?). [From J. E. <i>Purkinje</i>,
their discoverer.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Large ganglion cells forming a
layer near the surface of the cerebellum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Purl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Contr. fr.
<i>purfile</i>, <i>purfle</i>. See <u>Purfle</u>.] <def>To decorate
with fringe or embroidery.</def> "Nature's cradle more enchased and
<i>purled</i>."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Purl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
embroidered and puckered border; a hem or fringe, often of gold or
silver twist; also, a pleat or fold, as of a band.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A triumphant chariot made of carnation velvet, enriched
with<i>purl</i> and pearl.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inversion of stitches in knitting, which
gives to the work a ribbed or waved appearance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Purl stitch</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Purl</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Purl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Purled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Purling</u>.] [Cf. Sw. <i>porla</i>, and E. <i>pur</i> to murmur as
a cat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To run swiftly round, as a small
stream flowing among stones or other obstructions; to eddy; also, to
make a murmuring sound, as water does in running over or through
obstructions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Swift o'er the rolling pebbles, down the hills,<BR>
Louder and louder <i>purl</i> the falling rills.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perh. fr. F. <i>perler</i> to pearl, to bead.
See <u>Pearl</u>, <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos>] <def>To rise in circles,
ripples, or undulations; to curl; to mantle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>thin winding breath which <i>purled</i> up to the
sky.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Purl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Purl</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A circle made by the notion of a fluid; an
eddy; a ripple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose stream an easy breath doth seem to blow,<BR>
Which on the sparkling gravel runs in <i>purles</i>,<BR>
As though the waves had been of silver curls.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gentle murmur, as that produced by the
running of a liquid among obstructions; as, the <i>purl</i> of a
brook.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Perh. from F. <i>perler</i>, v.  See
<u>Purl</u>  to mantle.] <def>Malt liquor, medicated or spiced;
formerly, ale or beer in which wormwood or other bitter herbs had been
infused, and which was regarded as tonic; at present, hot beer mixed
with gin, sugar, and spices.</def>  "Drank a glass of <i>purl</i> to
recover appetite." <i>Addison.</i> "Drinking hot <i>purl</i>, and
smoking pipes." <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tern.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pur"lieu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted (by
influence of <i>lieu</i> place) fr. OF. <i>pural&eacute;e</i>,
<i>poral&eacute;e</i> (equiv. to LL. <i>perambulatio</i> a survey of
boundaries, originally, a going through); <i>por</i> (L. <i>pro</i>,
confused, however, with L. <i>per</i> through) + <i>al&eacute;e</i>.
See <u>Pro-</u>, and <u>Alley</u>.] [Written also <i>pourlieu</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, the ground near a royal forest,
which, having been unlawfully added to the forest, was afterwards
severed from it, and disafforested so as to remit to the former owners
their rights.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then as a tiger, who by chance hath spied<BR>
In some <i>purlieu</i> two gentle fawns at play.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the outer portion of any place; an
adjacent district; environs; neighborhood.</def> "The <i>purlieus</i>
of St. James."</p>

<p><blockquote>brokers had been incessantly plying for custom in the
<i>purlieus</i> of the court.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pur"lin</hw>, <hw>Pur"line</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Etymol. uncertain.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>In root construction, a
horizontal member supported on the principals and supporting the
common rafters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Purl"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Purl</u>.]
<def>The motion of a small stream running among obstructions; also,
the murmur it makes in so doing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur*loin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Purloined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Purloining</u>.] [OF. <i>purloignier</i>, <i>porloignier</i>, to
retard, delay; <i>pur</i>, <i>por</i>, <i>pour</i>, for (L.
<i>pro</i>) + <i>loin</i> far, far off (L. <i>longe</i>). See
<u>Prolong</u>, and cf. <u>Eloign</u>.] <def>To take or carry away for
one's self; hence, to steal; to take by theft; to filch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had from his wakeful custody <i>purloined</i><BR>
The guarded gold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>when did the muse from Fletcher scenes <i>purloin</i>
?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur*loin"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice theft;
to steal.</def>  <i>Titus ii. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur*loin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
purloins.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"par`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>pourpartie</i>; <i>pour</i> for + <i>partie</i> a part; cf. OF.
<i>purpart</i> a respective part.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A share, part, or
portion of an estate allotted to a coparcener.</def> [Written also
<i>purpart</i>, and <i>pourparty</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am forced to eat all the game of your
<i>purparties</i>, as well as my own thirds.</blockquote>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Purples</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>purpre</i>, <i>pourpre</i>, OF.
<i>purpre</i>, <i>porpre</i>, <i>pourpre</i>, F. <i>pourpre</i>, L.
<i>purpura</i> purple fish, purple dye, fr. Gr. &?; the purple fish, a
shell from the purple dye was obtained, purple dye; cf. &?; dark (said
of the sea), purple, &?; to grow dark (said of the sea), to be
troubled; perh. akin to L. <i>furere</i> to rage, E. <i>fury</i>: cf.
AS. <i>purpure</i>.  Cf. <u>Porphyry</u>, <u>Purpure</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A color formed by, or resembling that formed
by, a combination of the primary colors red and blue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arraying with reflected <i>purple</i> and gold<BR>
The clouds that on his western throne attend.</blockquote> <i>
Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The ancient words which are translated <i>purple</i> are
supposed to have been used for the color we call <i>crimson</i>. In
the gradations of color as defined in art, <i>purple</i> is a mixture
of red and blue. When red predominates it is called <i>violet</i>, and
when blue predominates, <i>hyacinth</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cloth dyed a purple color, or a garment of
such color; especially, a purple robe, worn as an emblem of rank or
authority; specifically, the purple rode or mantle worn by Roman
emperors as the emblem of imperial dignity; as, to put on the imperial
<i>purple</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt make the tabernacle with ten curtains of
fine twined linen, and <i>purple</i>, and scarlet.</blockquote> <i>Ex.
xxvi. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Imperial sovereignty; royal rank,
dignity, or favor; loosely and colloquially, any exalted station;
great wealth.</def> "He was born in the <i>purple</i>."
<i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A cardinalate. See
<u>Cardinal</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of large
butterflies, usually marked with purple or blue, of the genus
<i>Basilarchia</i> (formerly <i>Limenitis</i>) as, the banded
<i>purple</i> (<i>B. arthemis</i>). See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Ursula</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any shell of the genus
Purpura.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i><i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Purpura</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A disease of wheat. Same as
<u>Earcockle</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Purple</i> is sometimes used in composition, esp. with
participles forming words of obvious signification; as, <i>purple</i>-
colored, <i>purple</i>-hued, <i>purple</i>-stained, <i>purple</i>-
tinged, <i>purple</i>-tinted, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>French purple</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Cudbear</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Purple of Cassius</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Cassius</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Purple of mollusca</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a coloring matter derived from certain
mollusks, which dyes wool, etc., of a purple or crimson color, and is
supposed to be the substance of the famous Tyrian dye. It is obtained
from Ianthina, and from several species of Purpura, and Murex.</cd> --
<col><b>To be born in the purple</b></col>, <cd>to be of princely
birth; to be highborn.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ple</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exhibiting or possessing the color called purple, much esteemed
for its richness and beauty; of a deep red, or red and blue color; as,
a <i>purple</i> robe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Imperial; regal; -- so called from the
color having been an emblem of imperial authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hide in the dust thy <i>purple</i> pride.</blockquote>
<i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Blood-red; bloody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>May such <i>purple</i> tears be alway
shed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I view a field of blood,<BR>
And Tiber rolling with a <i>purple</i> blood.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Purple bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European
purple gallinule. See under <u>Gallinule</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Purple
copper ore</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See <u>Bornite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Purple grackle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the crow
blackbird. See under <u>Crow</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Purple
martin</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Martin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Purple
sandpiper</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Sandpiper</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Purple shell</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Ianthina</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Purpled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Purpling</u>.] <def>To make purple; to dye of purple or deep red
color; as, hands <i>purpled</i> with blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When morn<BR>
<i>Purples</i> the east.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Reclining soft in blissful bowers,<BR>
<i>Purpled</i> sweet with springing flowers.</blockquote> <i>
Fenton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ple*heart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A strong, durable, and elastic wood of a purplish color, obtained
from several tropical American leguminous trees of the genus
<i>Copaifera</i> (<i>Copaifera pubiflora</i>, <i>Copaifera
bracteata</i>, <b>and</b> <i>Copaifera officinalis</i>). Used for
decorative veneering. See <u>Copaiba</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"ple*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Purpleheart</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"plish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
purple.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"port</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>purport</i>;
<i>pur</i>, <i>pour</i>, for (L. <i>pro</i>) + <i>porter</i> to bear,
carry. See <u>Port</u> demeanor.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Design or tendency; meaning; import;
tenor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole scope and <i>purport</i> of that dialogue.
<i>Norris</i>.<BR>
With a look so piteous in <i>purport</i><BR>
As if he had been loosed out of hell.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disguise; covering.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For she her sex under that strange <i>purport</i><BR>
Did use to hide.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"port</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Purported</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Purporting</u>.] [OF. <i>purporter</i>, <i>pourporter</i>. See
<u>Purport</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To intend to show; to
intend; to mean; to signify; to import; -- often with an object clause
or infinitive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They in most grave and solemn wise unfolded<BR>
Matter which little <i>purported</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"port*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without purport
or meaning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"pose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>purpos</i>,
<i>pourpos</i>, <i>propos</i>, L. <i>propositum</i>. See
<u>Propound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which a person sets
before himself as an object to be reached or accomplished; the end or
aim to which the view is directed in any plan, measure, or exertion;
view; aim; design; intention; plan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will his firste <i>purpos</i> modify.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As my eternal <i>purpose</i> hath decreed.</blockquote>
<i> Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The flighty <i>purpose</i> never is o'ertook<BR>
Unless the deed go with it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proposal to another; discourse.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Instance; example.</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In purpose</b></col>, <col><b>Of purpose</b></col>,
<col><b>On purpose</b></col>, <cd>with previous design; with the mind
directed to that object; intentionally. <i>On purpose</i> is the form
now generally used.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- design; end; intention; aim. See <u>Design</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pur"pose</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Purposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Purposing</u>.] [OF. <i>purposer</i>, <i>proposer</i>. See
<u>Propose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set forth; to bring
forward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To propose, as an aim, to one's self; to
determine upon, as some end or object to be accomplished; to intend;
to design; to resolve; -- often followed by an infinitive or dependent
clause.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Did nothing <i>purpose</i> against the
state.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>purpose</i> to write the history of England from
the accession of King James the Second down to a time which is within
the memory of men still living.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"pose</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have a purpose
or intention; to discourse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"posed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
purposed manner; according to purpose or design; purposely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A poem composed <i>purposedly</i> of the Trojan war.
<i>Holland</i>.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Pur"pose*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Important;
material.</def> "Purposeful accounts." <i>Tylor.</i> --
<wf>Pur"pose*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pur"pose*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no purpose
or result; objectless.</def> <i>Bp. Hall.</i> --
<wf>Pur"pose*less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pur"pose*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With purpose or
design; intentionally; with predetermination; designedly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In composing this discourse, I <i>purposely</i>
declined all offensive and displeasing truths.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So much they scorn the crowd, that if the throng<BR>
By chance go right, they <i>purposely go</i> wrong.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"pos*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who brings forward or proposes anything; a proposer.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who forms a purpose; one who
intends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"po*sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or
indicating purpose or design.</def> "<i>Purposive</i> characters."
<i>Bastian.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Purposive</i> modification of structure in a
bone.</blockquote> <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is impossible that the frog should perform actions
more<i>purposive</i> than these.</blockquote> <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"pre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Purple.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur*pres"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably
corrupted (see <u>Prest</u>) fr. OF. <i>pourprisure</i>, fr.
<i>pourprendre</i>: cf. LL. <i>purprestura</i>.  Cf. <u>Purprise</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Wrongful encroachment upon another's property; esp.,
any encroachment upon, or inclosure of, that which should be common or
public, as highways, rivers, harbors, forts, etc.</def> [Written also
<i>pourpresture</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pur"prise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>pourpris</i>,fr. <i>pourprendre</i> to take away entirely;
<i>pour</i> for + <i>prendre</i> to take.] <def>A close or inclosure;
the compass of a manor.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pur"pu*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., purple, purple
fish: cf. F. <i>purpura</i>. See <u>Purple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease characterized by livid spots on the skin
from extravasated blood, with loss of muscular strength, pain in the
limbs, and mental dejection; the purples.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine
gastropods, usually having a rough and thick shell. Some species yield
a purple dye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"pu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to purpura.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"pu*rate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of purpuric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"pure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>purpura</i>
purple. See <u>Purple</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Purple, -- represented
in engraving by diagonal lines declining from the right top to the
left base of the escutcheon (or from sinister chief to dexter
base).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur*pu"re*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a purple
color; purple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur*pu"re*o-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form signifying <i>of a
purple</i> or <i>purple-red color</i>. Specif. <i>(Chem.)</i>, used in
designating certain brilliant <i>purple-red</i> compounds of cobaltic
chloride and ammonia, similar to the roseocobaltic compounds. See
<u>Cobaltic</u>.
</def></p>

<p><! p. 1166 !></p>

<p><hw>Pur*pu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>purpurique</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
purpura.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to or
designating, a nitrogenous acid contained in uric acid. It is not
known in the pure state, but forms well-known purple-red compounds (as
murexide), whence its name.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Purpuric acid</i> was formerly used to designate murexan.
See <u>Murexan</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pur"pu*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
dyestuff resembling alizarin, found in madder root, and extracted as
an orange or red crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur`pu*rip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>purpura</i> purple + <i>parere</i> to produce.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Producing, or connected with, a purple-colored secretion; as, the
<i>purpuriparous</i> gland of certain gastropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur`pu*rog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>purpura</i> purple + <i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having
the power to produce a purple color; as, the <i>purpurogenous</i>
membrane, or choroidal epithelium, of the eye. See <i>Visual
purple</i>, under <u>Visual</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Purr</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To murmur as a
cat. See <u>Pur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Purr</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The low murmuring sound
made by a cat; pur. See <u>Pur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Purre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The dunlin.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pur"ree</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>peori</i>
yellow.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow coloring matter. See
<u>Euxanthin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"rock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Puddock</u>, and <u>Parrock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Purse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>purs</i>,
<i>pors</i>, OF. <i>burse</i>, <i>borse</i>, <i>bourse</i>, F.
<i>bourse</i>, LL. bursa, fr. Gr. &?; hide, skin, leather.  Cf.
<u>Bourse</u>, <u>Bursch</u>, <u>Bursar</u>, <u>Buskin</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small bag or pouch, the opening of which is
made to draw together closely, used to carry money in; by extension,
any receptacle for money carried on the person; a wallet; a
pocketbook; a portemonnaie.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> Who steals my <i>purse</i> steals trash.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a treasury; finances; as, the public
<i>purse</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sum of money offered as a prize, or
collected as a present; as, to win the <i>purse</i>; to make up a
<i>purse</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A specific sum of money</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In Turkey, the sum of 500 piasters.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In Persia, the sum of 50 tomans.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Light purse</b></col>, or <col><b>Empty purse</b></col>,
<cd>poverty or want of resources.</cd> -- <col><b>Long
purse</b></col>, or <col><b>Heavy purse</b></col>, <cd>wealth;
riches.</cd> -- <col><b>Purse crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any land crab of the genus <i>Birgus</i>, allied to the hermit
crabs. They sometimes weigh twenty pounds or more, and are very
strong, being able to crack cocoanuts with the large claw. They
chiefly inhabit the tropical islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans,
living in holes and feeding upon fruit. Called also <i>palm
crab</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Purse net</b></col>, <cd>a fishing net, the
mouth of which may be closed or drawn together like a purse.</cd>
<i>Mortimer.</i> -- <col><b>Purse pride</b></col>, <cd>pride of money;
insolence proceeding from the possession of wealth.</cd> <i>Bp.
Hall.</i> -- <col><b>Purse rat</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Pocket gopher</i>, under <u>Pocket</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword and
purse</b></col>, <cd>the military power and financial resources of a
nation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Purse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pursed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pursing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put into a
purse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will go and <i>purse</i> the ducats
straight.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw up or contract into folds or
wrinkles, like the mouth of a purse; to pucker; to knit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou . . . didst contract and <i>purse</i> thy
brow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Purse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To steal purses; to
rob.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>purse</i>: . . . I'll bet at bowling
alleys.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Purse"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pursefuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>All that is, or can be,
contained in a purse; enough to fill a purse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Purse"-proud`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
purse pride; puffed up with the possession of riches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Purs"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Purse</u>, and
cf. <u>Bursar</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A commissioned officer in
the navy who had charge of the provisions, clothing, and public moneys
on shipboard; -- now called <i>paymaster</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A clerk on steam passenger vessels whose
duty it is to keep the accounts of the vessels, such as the receipt of
freight, tickets, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Colloquially, any paymaster or
cashier.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Purser's name</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a false
name.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Purs"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
purser.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Purs"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A purse or purse
net.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"si*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
pursy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pursy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pursiness.</def>
[Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><hw>Purs"lain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Purslane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Purs"lane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>porcelaine</i>, <i>pourcelaine</i> (cf. It. <i>porcellana</i>),
corrupted fr. L. <i>porcilaca</i> for <i>portulaca</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An annual plant (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i>), with fleshy,
succulent, obovate leaves, sometimes used as a pot herb and for
salads, garnishing, and pickling.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flowering purslane</b></col>, or <col><b>Great flowered
purslane</b></col>, <cd>the <i>Portulaca grandiflora</i>. See
<u>Portulaca</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Purslane tree</b></col>, <cd>a South
African shrub (<i>Portulacaria Afra</i>) with many small opposite
fleshy obovate leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea purslane</b></col>, <cd>a
seashore plant (<i>Arenaria peploides</i>) with crowded opposite
fleshy leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Water purslane</b></col>, <cd>an
aquatic plant (<i>Ludwiqia palustris</i>) but slightly resembling
purslane.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pur*su"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being, or fit to be, pursued, followed, or prosecuted.</def>
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur*su"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
pursuit.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pur*su"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pursuant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of pursuing or
prosecuting; a following out or after.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sermons are not like curious inquiries after new
nothings, but <i>pursuances</i> of old truths.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being pursuant;
consequence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In pursuance of</b></col>, <cd>in accordance with; in
prosecution or fulfillment of.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pur*su"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Pursue</u>:
cf. OE. <i>poursuiant</i>.  Cf. <u>Pursuivant</u>.] <def>Acting in
consequence or in prosecution (of anything); hence, agreeable;
conformable; following; according; -- with <i>to</i> or
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The conclusion which I draw from these premises,
<i>pursuant</i> to the query laid down, is, etc.</blockquote>
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pur*su"ant</hw>, <hw>Pur*su"ant*ly</hw>, }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Agreeably; conformably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur*sue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pursued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pursuing</u>.] [OE. <i>pursuen</i>, <i>porsuen</i>, OF.
<i>porsivre</i>, <i>poursuivre</i>, <i>poursuir</i>, F.
<i>poursuivre</i>, fr. L. <i>prosequi</i>; <i>pro</i> forward +
<i>sequi</i> to follow. See <u>Sue</u>, and cf. <u>Prosecute</u>,
<u>Pursuivant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To follow with a view to
overtake; to follow eagerly, or with haste; to chase; as, to
<i>pursue</i> a hare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We happiness <i>pursue</i>; we fly from
pain.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The happiness of men lies in <i>purswing</i>,<BR>
Not in possessing.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seek; to use or adopt measures to
obtain; as, to <i>pursue</i> a remedy at law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fame of ancient matrons you
<i>pursue</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To proceed along, with a view to some and
or object; to follow; to go in; as, Captain Cook <i>pursued</i> a new
route; the administration <i>pursued</i> a wise course.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To prosecute; to be engaged in; to
continue.</def> " Insatiate to <i>pursue</i> vain war."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To follow as an example; to
imitate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To follow with enmity; to persecute; to
call to account.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The servant is not greater than his lord. If they have
<i>pursued</i> me, they shall <i>pursue</i> you also.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif (John xv. 20).</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To follow; chase; seek; persist. See
<u>Follow</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Pur*sue"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To go in pursuit; to follow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wicked flee when no man
<i>pursueth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxviii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men hotly <i>pursued</i> after the objects of their
ambition.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go on; to proceed, especially in
argument or discourse; to continue.</def></p>

<p>[A Gallicism]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have, <i>pursues</i> Carneades, wondered chemists
should not consider.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To follow a matter judicially,
as a complaining party; to act as a prosecutor.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur*su"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who pursues or chases; one who follows in haste, with a view
to overtake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. &amp; Scots Law)</i> <def>A plaintiff; a
prosecutor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pur*suit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>poursuite</i>,
fr. <i>poursuivre</i>. See <u>Pursue</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of following or going after; esp., a
following with haste, either for sport or in hostility; chase;
prosecution; as, the <i>pursuit</i> of game; the <i>pursuit</i> of an
enemy.</def>  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Weak we are, and can not shun
<i>pursuit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A following with a view to reach,
accomplish, or obtain; endeavor to attain to or gain; as, the
<i>pursuit</i> of knowledge; the <i>pursuit</i> of happiness or
pleasure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Course of business or occupation; continued
employment with a view to same end; as, mercantile <i>pursuits</i>; a
literary <i>pursuit</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Prosecution.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>pursuit</i> for tithes ought, and of ancient
time did pertain to the spiritual court.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Curve of pursuit</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a curve
described by a point which is at each instant moving towards a second
point, which is itself moving according to some specified
law.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pur"sui*vant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>poursuivant</i>, fr. <i>poursuivre</i>. See <u>Pursue</u>, and cf.
<u>Pursuant</u>.] [Written also <i>poursuivant</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Heralds' College)</i> <def>A functionary of
lower rank than a herald, but discharging similar duties; -- called
also <i>pursuivant at arms</i>; an attendant of the heralds. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The herald Hope, forerunning Fear,<BR>
And Fear, the <i>pursuivant</i> of Hope.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The king's messenger; a state
messenger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>pursuivant</i> who attempted to execute a
warrant there was murdered.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"sui*vant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
pursue.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their navy was <i>pursuivanted</i> after with a
horrible tempest.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pourcif</i>,
<i>poulsif</i>, <i>poussif</i>, fr. <i>pousser</i> to push, thrust,
heave, OF. also <i>poulser</i>: cf. F. <i>pousse</i> the heaves,
asthma. See <u>Push</u>.] <def>Fat and short-breathed; fat, short, and
thick; swelled with pampering; as, <i>pursy</i> insolence.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pursy</i> important he sat him down.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"te*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>appurtenance</i>.] <def>That which pertains or belongs to
something; esp., the heard, liver, and lungs of an animal.</def>
[Obs.] " The <i>purtenaunces</i> of purgatory."  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Roast [it] with fire, his head with his legs, and with
the <i>purtenance</i> [<i>Rev. Ver.</i>, inwards]
thereof.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xii. 9.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pu"ru*lence</hw> (?), <hw>Pu"ru*len*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>purulentia</i>: cf. F. <i>purulence</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The quality or state of being purulent; the
generation of pus; also, the pus itself.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ru*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>purulentus</i>, fr. <i>pus</i>, <i>puris</i>, pus, matter: cf. F.
<i>purulent</i>. See <u>Pus</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Consisting of
pus, or matter; partaking of the nature of pus; attended with
suppuration; as, <i>purulent</i> inflammation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ru*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>In a purulent
manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pur"ve*ance</hw> (?), <hw>Pur"vei*aunce`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Purveyance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur*vey"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Purveyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Purveying</u>.] [OE. <i>purveien</i>, <i>porveien</i>, OF.
<i>porveeir</i>, <i>porveoir</i>, F. <i>pourvoir</i>, fr. L.
<i>providere</i>. See <u>Provide</u>, and cf. <u>Purview</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish or provide, as with a convenience,
provisions, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give no odds to your foes, but do <i>purvey</i><BR>
Yourself of sword before that bloody day.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To procure; to get.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I mean to <i>purvey</i> me a wife after the fashion of
the children of Benjamin.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur*vey"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To purchase provisions; to provide; to make provision.</def>
<i>Chaucer. Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pander; -- with <i>to</i>.</def> " Their
turpitude <i>purveys</i> to their malice." [R.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur*vey"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pourvoyance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
providing or procuring; providence; foresight; preparation;
management.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ill <i>purveyance</i> of his page.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is provided; provisions;
food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A providing necessaries
for the sovereign by buying them at an appraised value in preference
to all others, and oven without the owner's consent. This was formerly
a royal prerogative, but has long been abolished.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur*vey"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>porveour</i>,
OF. <i>pourveor</i>, F. <i>pourvoyeur</i>. See <u>Purvey</u>, and cf.
<u>Proveditor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who provides victuals,
or whose business is to make provision for the table; a victualer; a
caterer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An officer who formerly provided, or
exacted provision, for the king's household.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>a procurer; a pimp; a bawd.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pur"view</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>purveu</i>,
<i>pourveu</i>, F. <i>pourvu</i>, provided, p. p. of OF.
<i>porveoir</i>, F. <i>pourvoir</i>. See <u>Purvey</u>, <u>View</u>,
and cf. <u>Proviso</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The body of a statute, or that part which begins
with " <i>Be it enacted</i>, " as distinguished from the
<i>preamble</i>.</def> <i>Cowell.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Hence:
<def>The limit or scope of a statute; the whole extent of its
intention or provisions.</def>  <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Profanations within the <i>purview</i> of several
statutes.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Limit or sphere of authority; scope;
extent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In determining the extent of information required in
the exercise of a particular authority, recourse must be had to the
objects within the <i>purview</i> of that authority.</blockquote>
<i>Madison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., akin to Gr. &?;, &?;,
and to E. <i>foul</i>: cf. F. <i>pus</i>. See <u>Foul</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The yellowish white opaque
creamy matter produced by the process of suppuration. It consists of
innumerable white nucleated cells floating in a clear
liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"sane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anc. Armor)</i>
<def>A piece of armor for the breast; often, an addition to, or
re&euml;nforcement of. the breastplate; -- called also
<i>pesane</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"sey*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i>
<def>The principles of Dr. <i>Pusey</i> and others at Oxford, England,
as exhibited in various publications, esp. in a series which appeared
from 1833 to 1841, designated " Tracts for the Times;" tractarianism.
See <u>Tractarianism</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pu"sey*is"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Pu"sey*ite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Puseyism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"sey*ite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds the
principles of Puseyism; -- often used opprobriously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Push</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably F. <i>poche</i>.
See <u>Pouch</u>.] <def>A pustule; a pimple.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Push</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Pushed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Pushing</u>.] [OE. <i>possen</i>, <i>pussen</i>, F. <i>pousser</i>,
fr. L. <i>pulsare</i>, v. intens. fr. <i>pellere</i>, <i>pulsum</i>,
to beat, knock, push. See <u>Pulse</u> a beating, and cf.
<u>Pursy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To press against with force; to
drive or impel by pressure; to endeavor to drive by steady pressure,
without striking; -- opposed to <i>draw</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sidelong had <i>pushed</i> a mountain from his
seat.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrust the points of the horns against;
to gore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the ox shall <i>push</i> a manservant or
maidservant, . . . the ox shall be stoned.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxi.
32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To press or urge forward; to drive; to
<i>push</i> an objection too far.</def> " To <i>push</i> his fortune."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ambition <i>pushes</i> the soul to such actions as are
apt to procure honor to the actor.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are <i>pushed</i> for an answer.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bear hard upon; to perplex; to
embarrass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To importune; to press with solicitation;
to tease.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To push down</b></col>, <cd>to overthrow by pushing or
impulse.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Push</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make a thrust; to shove; as, to <i>push</i> with the horns or with a
sword.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make an advance, attack, or effort; to
be energetic; as, a man must <i>push</i> in order to
succeed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the time of the end shall the kind of the south
<i>push</i> at him and the king of the north shall come against
him.</blockquote> <i>Dan. xi. 40.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>War seemed asleep for nine long years; at length<BR>
Both sides resolved to <i>push</i>, we tried our
strength.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To burst pot, as a bud or shoot.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To push on</b></col>, <cd>to drive or urge forward; to
hasten.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The rider <i>pushed</i> on at a rapid
pace.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Push</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thrust with a pointed instrument, or with the end of a
thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any thrust. pressure, impulse, or force, or
force applied; a shove; as, to give the ball the first
<i>push</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An assault or attack; an effort; an
attempt; hence, the time or occasion for action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Exact reformation is not perfected at the first
<i>push</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When it comes to the <i>push</i>, 'tis no more than
talk.</blockquote> <i>L' Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The faculty of overcoming obstacles;
aggressive energy; as, he has <i>push</i>, or he has no
<i>push</i>.</def></p>

<p>[Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Thrust</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Push"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, pushes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Push"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pressing forward in
business; enterprising; driving; energetic; also, forward; officious,
intrusive.</def> -- <wf>Push"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Push"pin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A child's game
played with pins.</def>  <i>L. Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"sil</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pusillus</i> very
little.] <def>Very small; little; petty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu`sil*la*nim"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pusillanimitas</i>: cf. F. <i>pusillanimit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality of being pusillanimous; weakness of spirit;
cowardliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The badge of <i>pusillanimity</i> and
cowardice.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is obvious to distinguished between an act of . . .
<i>pusillanimity</i> and an act of great modesty or
humility.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cowardliness; cowardice; fear; timidity.</p>

<p><hw>Pu`sil*lan"i*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pusillanimis</i>; <i>pusillus</i> very little (dim. of <i>pusus</i>
a little boy; cf. <i>puer</i> a boy, E. <i>puerile</i>) +
<i>animus</i> the mind: cf. F. <i>pusillanime</i>. See
<u>Animosity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of a manly or
courageous strength and firmness of mind; of weak spirit; mean-
spirited; spiritless; cowardly; -- said of persons, as, a
<i>pusillanimous</i> prince.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1167 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evincing, or characterized by, weakness of
mind, and want of courage; feeble; as, <i>pusillanimous</i>
counsels.</def> "A low and <i>pusillanimous</i> spirit."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cowardly; dastardly; mean-spirited; fainthearted;
timid; weak; feeble.</p>

<p><hw>Pu`sil*lan"i*mous*ly</hw>
(p&umacr;`s&ibreve;l*l&abreve;n"&ibreve;*m&ubreve;s*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With pusillanimity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pus"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Purslane.</def> [Colloq. U. S]</p>

<p><hw>Puss</hw> (p&usdot;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>poes</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>pus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cat; -
- a fondling appellation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hare; -- so called by
sportsmen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Puss in the corner</b></col>, <cd>a game in which all the
players but one occupy corners of a room, or certain goals in the open
air, and exchange places, the one without a corner endeavoring to get
a corner while it is vacant, leaving some other without one.</cd> --
<col><b>Puss moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of stout bombycid moths belonging to <i>Cerura</i>,
<i>Harpyia</i>, and allied genera, esp. <i>Harpyia vinuli</i>, of
Europe. The larv&aelig; are humpbacked, and have two caudal
appendages.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pussy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>puss</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pet name for a cat; also, an endearing name
for a girl.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A catkin of the pussy willow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The game of tipcat; -- also called <i>pussy
cat</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pussy willow</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any kind of
willow having large cylindrical catkins clothed with long glossy
hairs, especially the American <i>Salix discolor</i>; -- called also
<i>glaucous willow</i>, and <i>swamp willow</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pus"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pursy</u>.</def> [Colloq. or Low]</p>

<p><hw>Pus"tu*lant</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pustulans</i>, p. pr. See <u>Pustulate</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing pustules.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine that produces pustules, as croton
oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pus"tu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to pustules; as, <i>pustular</i> prominences;
<i>pustular</i> eruptions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covered with pustulelike prominences;
pustulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pus"tu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pustulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>pustulare</i> to blister, fr.
<i>pustula</i>. See <u>Pustule</u>.] <def>To form into pustules, or
blisters.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pus"tu*late</hw> (?), <hw>Pus"tu*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with pustulelike prominences;
pustular; pustulous; as, a <i>pustulate</i> leaf; a <i>pustulate</i>
shell or coral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pus*tu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pustulatio</i>.] <def>The act of producing pustules; the state of
being pustulated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pus"tule</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pustula</i>, and <i>pusula</i>: cf. F. <i>pustule</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A vesicle or an elevation of the cuticle with an
inflamed base, containing pus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malignant pustule</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Malignant</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pus"tu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pustulosus</i>, fr. <i>pustula</i> a pustule: cf. F.
<i>pustuleux</i>.] <def>Resembling, or covered with, pustules;
pustulate; pustular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Put</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pit</u>.] <def>A
pit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Put</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Put</u>, contracted from <i>putteth</i>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Put</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>pwt</i> any short
thing, <i>pwt o ddyn</i> a squab of a person, <i>pwtog</i> a short,
thick woman.] <def>A rustic; a clown; an awkward or uncouth
person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Queer country <i>puts</i> extol Queen Bess's
reign.</blockquote> <i>Bramston.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What droll <i>puts</i> the citizens seem in it
all.</blockquote> <i>F. Harrison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Put</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Put</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Putting</u>.] [AS. <i>potian</i> to thrust: cf. Dan. <i>putte</i>
to put, to put into, Fries. <i>putje</i>; perh. akin to W.
<i>pwtio</i> to butt, poke, thrust; cf. also Gael. <i>put</i> to push,
thrust, and E. <i>potter</i>, v. i.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move
in any direction; to impel; to thrust; to push; -- nearly obsolete,
except with adverbs, as with <i>by</i> (<i>to put by</i> = to thrust
aside; to divert); or with <i>forth</i> (<i>to put forth</i> = to
thrust out).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His chief designs are . . . to <i>put</i> thee by from
thy spiritual employment.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring to a position or place; to place;
to lay; to set; figuratively, to cause to be or exist in a specified
relation, condition, or the like; to bring to a stated mental or moral
condition; as, to <i>put</i> one in fear; to <i>put</i> a theory in
practice; to <i>put</i> an enemy to fight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This present dignity,<BR>
In which that I have <i>put</i> you.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>put</i> enmity between thee and the
woman.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>put</i> no trust in his servants.</blockquote>
<i>Job iv. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When God into the hands of their deliverer<BR>
<i>Puts</i> invincible might.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the mean time other measures were <i>put</i> in
operation.</blockquote> <i>Sparks.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attach or attribute; to assign; as, to
<i>put</i> a wrong construction on an act or expression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To lay down; to give up; to
surrender.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No man hath more love than this, that a man <i>put</i>
his life for his friends.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (John xv.
13).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To set before one for judgment, acceptance,
or rejection; to bring to the attention; to offer; to state; to
express; figuratively, to assume; to suppose; -- formerly sometimes
followed by <i>that</i> introducing a proposition; as, to <i>put</i> a
question; to <i>put</i> a case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us now <i>put</i> that ye have leave.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Put</i> the perception and you <i>put</i> the
mind.</blockquote> <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These verses, originally Greek, were <i>put</i> in
Latin.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All this is ingeniously and ably
<i>put</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To incite; to entice; to urge; to
constrain; to oblige.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These wretches <i>put</i> us upon all
mischief.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Put</i> me not use the carnal weapon in my own
defense.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thank him who <i>puts</i> me, loath, to this
revenge.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To throw or cast with a pushing motion
"overhand," the hand being raised from the shoulder; a practice in
athletics; as, to <i>put</i> the shot or weight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To convey coal in the mine,
as from the working to the tramway.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Put case</b></col>, <cd>formerly, an elliptical expression
for, <i>put</i> or suppose the case to be.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Put case</i> that the soul after departure from the
body may live.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p> -- <col><b>To put about</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to turn, or
change the course of, as a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>To put
away</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To renounce; to discard; to
expel.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To divorce</cd>. -- <col><b>To put
back</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To push or thrust backwards;
hence, to hinder; to delay.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To refuse; to
deny</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Coming from thee, I could not <i>put</i> him
<i>back</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To set, as the hands of a clock, to an
earlier hour.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To restore to the original
place; to replace</cd>. -- <col><b>To put by</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To turn, set, or thrust, aside.</cd> "Smiling
<i>put</i> the <i>question by</i>." <i>Tennyson.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To lay aside; to keep; to sore up; as, <i>to
put by</i> money.</cd> -- <col><b>To put down</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To lay down; to deposit; to set down.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To lower; to diminish; as, <i>to put down</i>
prices</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To deprive of position or power;
to put a stop to; to suppress; to abolish; to confute; as, <i>to put
down</i> rebellion or traitors</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Mark, how a plain tale shall <i>put</i> you
<i>down</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sugar hath <i>put down</i> the use of
honey.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To subscribe; as, <i>to put down</i> one's
name.</cd> -- <col><b>To put forth</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To thrust out; to extend, as the hand; to cause to come or push
out; as, a tree <i>puts forth</i> leaves.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To make manifest; to develop; also, to bring into action; to
exert; as, <i>to put forth</i> strength</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To propose, as a question, a riddle, and the like</cd>.
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To publish, as a book</cd>. -- <col><b>To put
forward</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To advance to a position of
prominence or responsibility; to promote.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To cause to make progress; to aid</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To
set, as the hands of a clock, to a later hour</cd>. -- <col><b>To put
in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To introduce among others; to
insert; sometimes, to introduce with difficulty; as, <i>to put in</i>
a word while others are discoursing.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To conduct into a harbor, as a ship</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>To place in due form before a
court; to place among the records of a court</cd>. <i>Burrill.</i>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>To restore, as a dislocated
part, to its place.</cd> -- <col><b>To put off</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To lay aside; to discard; as, <i>to put
off</i> a robe; <i>to put off</i> mortality.</cd> "<i>Put off</i> thy
shoes from off thy feet." <i>Ex. iii. 5.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To turn aside; to elude; to disappoint; to frustrate; to
baffle.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I hoped for a demonstration, but Themistius hoped <i>to
put</i> me <i>off</i> with an harangue.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We might <i>put</i> him <i>off</i> with this
answer.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To delay; to defer; to postpone; as, <i>to
put off</i> repentance.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To get rid of; to
dispose of; especially, to pass fraudulently; as, <i>to put off</i> a
counterfeit note, or an ingenious theory</cd>. <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<cd>To push from land; as, <i>to put off</i> a boat</cd>. --
<col><b>To put on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To invest one's self with, as clothes; to
assume.</cd> "Mercury . . . <i>put on</i> the shape of a man."
<i>L'Estrange.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To impute (something) to;
to charge upon; as, <i>to put</i> blame <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>
another.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To advance; to promote</cd>.
[Obs.] "This came handsomely <i>to put on</i> the peace."
<i>Bacon.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To impose; to inflict.</cd>
"That which thou <i>puttest on</i> me, will I bear." <i>2 Kings xviii.
14.</i> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To apply; as, <i>to put on</i>
workmen; <i>to put on</i> steam.</cd> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To
deceive; to trick.</cd> "The stork found he was <i>put upon</i>."
<i>L'Estrange.</i> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <cd>To place upon, as a means
or condition; as, he <i>put</i> him <i>upon</i> bread and water.</cd>
"This caution will <i>put</i> them <i>upon</i> considering."
<i>Locke.</i> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>To rest upon; to
submit to; as, a defendant <i>puts</i> himself <i>on</i> or
<i>upon</i> the country.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>To put
out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To eject; as, <i>to put out</i>
and intruder.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To put forth; to shoot, as
a bud, or sprout</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To extinguish; as,
<i>to put out</i> a candle, light, or fire</cd>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<cd>To place at interest; to loan; as, <i>to put out</i> funds</cd>.
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To provoke, as by insult; to displease; to
vex; as, he was <i>put out</i> by my reply</cd>. [Colloq.]
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To protrude; to stretch forth; as, <i>to put
out</i> the hand.</cd> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <cd>To publish; to make
public; as, <i>to put out</i> a pamphlet</cd>. <sd><i>(h)</i></sd>
<cd>To confuse; to disconcert; to interrupt; as, <i>to put</i> one
<i>out</i> in reading or speaking</cd>. <sd><i>(i)</i></sd>
<i>(Law)</i> <cd>To open; as, <i>to put out</i> lights, that is, to
open or cut windows</cd>. <i>Burrill.</i> <sd><i>(j)</i></sd>
<i>(Med.)</i> <cd>To place out of joint; to dislocate; as, <i>to put
out</i> the ankle.</cd> <sd><i>(k)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to cease
playing, or to prevent from playing longer in a certain inning, as in
base ball</cd>. -- <col><b>To put over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To place (some one) in authority over; as, <i>to put</i> a general
<i>over</i> a division of an army.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
refer</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>For the certain knowledge of that truth<BR>
I <i>put</i> you <i>o'er</i> to heaven and to my mother.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To defer; to postpone; as, the court <i>put
over</i> the cause to the next term.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To
transfer (a person or thing) across; as, <i>to put</i> one <i>over</i>
the river</cd>. -- <col><b>To put the hand</b></col> <col><b>to or
unto</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To take hold of, as of an
instrument of labor; as, <i>to put the hand to</i> the plow; hence, to
engage in (any task or affair); as, <i>to put</i> one's <i>hand to</i>
the work.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To take or seize, as in
theft.</cd> "He hath not <i>put his hand unto</i> his neighbor's
goods." <i>Ex. xxii. 11.</i> -- <col><b>To put through</b></col>,
<cd>to cause to go through all conditions or stages of a progress;
hence, to push to completion; to accomplish; as, he <i>put through</i>
a measure of legislation; he <i>put through</i> a railroad
enterprise.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>To put to</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To add; to unite; as, <i>to put</i> one sum
<i>to</i> another.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To refer to; to
expose; as, <i>to put</i> the safety of the state <i>to</i>
hazard</cd>. "That dares not <i>put</i> it <i>to</i> the touch."
<i>Montrose.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To attach (something) to; to
harness beasts to.</cd> <i>Dickens.</i> -- <col><b>To put to a
stand</b></col>, <cd>to stop; to arrest by obstacles or
difficulties.</cd> -- <col><b>To put to bed</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To undress and place in bed, as a child.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To deliver in, or to make ready for,
childbirth</cd>. -- <col><b>To put to death</b></col>, <cd>to
kill.</cd> -- <col><b>To put together</b></col>, <cd>to attach; to
aggregate; to unite in one.</cd> -- <col><b>To put this and
that</b></col> (<i>or</i> <col><b>two and two</b></col>)
<col><b>together</b></col>, <cd>to draw an inference; to form a
correct conclusion.</cd> -- <col><b>To put to it</b></col>, <cd>to
distress; to press hard; to perplex; to give difficulty to.</cd> "O
gentle lady, do not <i>put</i> me <i>to 't</i>." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>To put to rights</b></col>, <cd>to arrange in proper order; to
settle or compose rightly.</cd> -- <col><b>To put to the
sword</b></col>, <cd>to kill with the sword; to slay.</cd> --
<col><b>To put to trial</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>on
trial</b></col>, <cd>to bring to a test; to try.</cd> -- <col><b>To
put trust in</b></col>, <cd>to confide in; to repose confidence
in.</cd> -- <col><b>To put up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
pass unavenged; to overlook; not to punish or resent; to put up with;
as, <i>to put up</i> indignities.</cd> [Obs.] "Such national injuries
are not <i>to be put up</i>." <i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To send forth or upward; as, <i>to put up</i> goods for sale.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To start from a cover, as game</cd>. "She has
been frightened; she has been <i>put up</i>." <i>C. Kingsley.</i>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To hoard.</cd> "Himself never <i>put up</i>
any of the rent." <i>Spelman.</i> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To lay side
or preserve; to pack away; to store; to pickle; as, to <i>put up</i>
pork, beef, or fish.</cd> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <cd>To place out of
sight, or away; to put in its proper place; as, <i>put up</i> that
letter.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <cd>To incite; to
instigate; -- followed by <i>to</i>; as, he <i>put</i> the lad
<i>up</i> to mischief.</cd> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <cd>To raise; to
erect; to build; as, <i>to put up</i> a tent, or a house</cd>.
<sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <cd>To lodge; to entertain; as, <i>to put up</i>
travelers</cd>. -- <col><b>To put up a job</b></col>, <cd>to arrange a
plot.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To place; set; lay; cause; produce; propose; state.
-- <u>Put</u>, <u>Lay</u>, <u>Place</u>, <u>Set</u>. These words agree
in the idea of fixing the position of some object, and are often used
interchangeably. <i>To put</i> is the least definite, denoting merely
to move to a place. <i>To place</i> has more particular reference to
the precise location, as to put with care in a certain or proper
place.  <i>To set</i> or <i>to lay</i> may be used when there is
special reference to the position of the object.</p>

<p><hw>Put</hw> (put; <i>often</i> p&ubreve;t <i>in def.</i> 3),
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go or move; as,
when the air first <i>puts</i> up.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To steer; to direct one's course; to
go.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His fury thus appeased, he <i>puts</i> to
land.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To play a card or a hand in the game called
<i>put</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To put about</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to change
direction; to tack.</cd> -- <col><b>To put back</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to turn back; to return.</cd> "The French . . .
had <i>put back</i> to Toulon." <i>Southey.</i> -- <col><b>To put
forth</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To shoot, bud, or
germinate</cd>. "Take earth from under walls where nettles <i>put
forth</i>." <i>Bacon.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To leave a port or
haven, as a ship.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To put in</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to enter a harbor; to sail into port.</cd> --
<col><b>To put in for</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To make a
request or claim; as, <i>to put in for</i> a share of profits</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To go into covert; -- said of a bird escaping
from a hawk</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To offer one's self; to
stand as a candidate for.</cd> <i>Locke.</i> -- <col><b>To put
off</b></col>, <cd>to go away; to depart; esp., to leave land, as a
ship; to move from the shore.</cd> -- <col><b>To put on</b></col>,
<cd>to hasten motion; to drive vehemently.</cd> -- <col><b>To put
over</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to sail over or across.</cd> --
<col><b>To put to sea</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to set sail; to
begin a voyage; to advance into the ocean.</cd> -- <col><b>To put
up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To take lodgings; to lodge</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To offer one's self as a candidate</cd>.
<i>L'Estrange.</i> -- <col><b>To put up to</b></col>, <cd>to advance
to.</cd> [Obs.] "With this he <i>put up to</i> my lord." <i>Swift.</i>
-- <col><b>To put up with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
overlook, or suffer without recompense, punishment, or resentment; as,
<i>to put up with</i> an injury or affront</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To take without opposition or expressed dissatisfaction; to
endure; as, <i>to put up with</i> bad fare.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Put</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of putting; an action; a movement; a thrust; a push; as, the
<i>put</i> of a ball.</def> "A forced <i>put</i>."
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A certain game at cards.</def>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A privilege which one party buys of another
to "put" (deliver) to him a certain amount of stock, grain, etc., at a
certain price and date.</def> [Brokers' Cant]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>put</i> and a call may be combined in one
instrument, the holder of which may either buy or sell as he chooses
at the fixed price.</blockquote> <i>Johnson's Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Put</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>pute</i>.] <def>A
prostitute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pu"tage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>putage</i>.]
<def>Prostitution or fornication on the part of a woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pu*ta"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The shell of a nut; the stone of a drupe fruit. See
<u>Endocarp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"tan*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>putanisme</i>,
fr. <i>putain</i> harlot.] <def>Habitual lewdness or prostitution of a
woman; harlotry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>putativus</i>,
fr. <i>putare</i>, <i>putatum</i>, to reckon, suppose, adjust, prune,
cleanse. See <u>Pure</u>, and cf. <u>Amputate</u>, <u>Compute</u>,
<u>Dispute</u>, <u>Impute</u>.] <def>Commonly thought or deemed;
supposed; reputed; as, the <i>putative</i> father of a child.</def>
"His other <i>putative</i> (I dare not say feigned) friends."  <i>E.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus things indifferent, being esteemed useful or
pious, became customary, and then came for reverence into a
<i>putative</i> and usurped authority.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Put*chuck"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Pachak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pu"te*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>puteus</i> well.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An inclosure surrounding a
well to prevent persons from falling into it; a well curb.</def>
<i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Put"e*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Patela</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"ter*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>puterie</i>.]
<def>Putage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pu"tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>putidus</i>: cf.
F. <i>putide</i>.  Cf. <u>Putrid</u>.] <def>Rotten; fetid; stinking;
base; worthless. <i>Jer</i>. <i>Taylor</i>.</def> "Thy <i>putid</i>
muse."  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pu*tid"i*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Pu"tid*ness</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being
putrid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Put"log`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>One of the short pieces of timber on which the planks forming the
floor of a scaffold are laid, -- one end resting on the ledger of the
scaffold, and the other in a hole left in the wall temporarily for the
purpose.</def>  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Put"-off`</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shift for
evasion or delay; an evasion; an excuse.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"tour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Put</u> a
prostitute.] <def>A keeper of a brothel; a procurer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu*tred"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>putredo</i> rottenness, fr. <i>putrere</i> to be rotten. See
<u>Putrid</u>.] <def>Proceeding from putrefaction, or partaking of the
putrefactive process; having an offensive smell; stinking;
rotten.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu`tre*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>putrefactio</i>: cf. F. <i>putr&eacute;faction</i>. See
<u>Putrefy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or the process of
putrefying; the offensive decay of albuminous or other
matter.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Putrefaction is a complex phenomenon involving a
multiplicity of chemical reactions, always accompanied by, and without
doubt caused by, bacteria and vibriones; hence, putrefaction is a form
of fermentation, and is sometimes called <i>putrefaction
fermentative</i>. Putrefaction is not possible under conditions that
preclude the development of living organisms. Many of the products of
putrefaction are powerful poisons, and are called <i>cadaveric
poisons</i>, or <i>ptoma&iuml;nes</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being putrefied; also,
that which putrefied.</def> "<i>Putrefaction's</i> breath."
<i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu`tre*fac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<i>putr&eacute;factif</i>. See <u>Putrefy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to putrefaction; as, the <i>putrefactive</i>
smell or process.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing, or tending to promote,
putrefaction.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Pu``tre*fac"tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pu"tre*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>putrify</i>.] [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Putrefied</u>
(&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Putrefying</u> (&?;).] [F.
<i>putr&eacute;fier</i>; L. <i>putrere</i> to be rotten + <i>-
ficare</i> (in. comp.) to make; cf. L. <i>putrefacere</i>. See
<u>Putrid</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render
putrid; to cause to decay offensively; to cause to be decomposed; to
cause to rot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To corrupt; to make foul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Private suits do <i>putrefy</i> the public
good.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They would but stink, and <i>putrefy</i> the
air.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make morbid, carious, or gangrenous; as,
to <i>putrefy</i> an ulcer or wound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"tre*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become putrid;
to decay offensively; to rot.</def>  <i>Isa. 1. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu*tres"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being putrescent; putrescent matter.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1168 !></p>

<p><hw>Pu*tres"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>putrescens</i>, p. pr.of <i>putrescere</i> to grow rotten, v.
incho. fr. <i>putrere</i> to be rotten. See <u>Putrid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Becoming putrid or rotten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Externally powerful, although <i>putrescent</i> at the
core.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the process of
putrefaction; as, a <i>putrescent</i> smell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*tres"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
putrefaction; liable to become putrid; as, <i>putrescible</i>
substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*tres"ci*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A substance,
usually nitrogenous, which is liable to undergo decomposition when in
contact with air and moisture at ordinary temperatures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*tres"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A nontoxic diamine,
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>12</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, formed in the putrefaction
of the flesh of mammals and some other animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"trid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>putridus</i>,
<i>fr</i>. <i>putrere</i> to be rotten, fr. <i>puter</i>, or
<i>putris</i>, rotten, <i>fr</i>. <i>putere</i> to stink, to be
rotten: cf. F. <i>putride</i>.  See <u>Pus</u>, <u>Foul</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending to decomposition
or decay; decomposed; rotten; -- said of animal or vegetable matter;
as, <i>putrid</i> flesh. See <u>Putrefaction</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indicating or proceeding from a decayed
state of animal or vegetable matter; as, a <i>putrid</i>
smell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Putrid fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>typhus fever; --
so called from the decomposing and offensive state of the discharges
and diseased textures of the body.</cd> -- <col><b>Putrid sore
throat</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a gangrenous inflammation of the
fauces and pharynx.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pu*trid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>putridit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being putrid;
putrefaction; rottenness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"trid*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Putridity.</def>  <i>Floyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"tri*fac`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Putrefy</u>.] <def>Putrefied.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What vermin bred of <i>putrifacted</i>
slime.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu`tri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Putrefaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"tri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
putrefy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"tri*lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>putrilage</i>, L. <i>putrilago</i> putrefaction.] <def>That which
is undergoing putrefaction; the products of putrefaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Putrid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pu"try</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Putage.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Put"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who puts or plates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, one who pushes the small
wagons in a coal mine, and the like.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Put"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Puttered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Puttering</u>.] [See <u>Potter</u>.] <def>To act inefficiently or
idly; to trifle; to potter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Put"ter-on`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
instigator.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Put"ti*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who putties;
a glazier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Put"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The throwing of a
heavy stone, shot, etc., with the hand raised or extended from the
shoulder; -- originally, a Scottish game.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Putting stone</b></col>, <cd>a heavy stone used in the game
of putting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Put"tock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pout</u> a
young bird, <u>Poult</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The European kite.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
buzzard.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The marsh harrier.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Put"tock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Futtock</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Put"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pot&eacute;e</i>,
fr. <i>pot</i> pot; what was formerly called <i>putty</i> being a
substance resembling what is now called <i>putty powder</i>, and in
part made of the metal of old pots. See <u>Pot</u>.] <def>A kind of
thick paste or cement compounded of whiting, or soft carbonate of
lime, and linseed oil, when applied beaten or kneaded to the
consistence of dough, -- used in fastening glass in sashes, stopping
crevices, and for similar purposes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Putty powder</b></col>, <cd>an oxide of tin, or of tin and
lead in various proportions, much used in polishing glass, metal,
precious stones, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Put"ty</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Puttied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Puttying</u>.] <def>To cement, or stop, with putty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Put"ty-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>White-faced;
-- used contemptuously.</def>  <i>Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Put"ty*root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American orchidaceous plant (<i>Aplectrum hyemale</i>) which
flowers in early summer. Its slender naked rootstock produces each
year a solid corm, filled with exceedingly glutinous matter, which
sends up later a single large oval evergreen plaited leaf. Called also
<i>Adam-and-Eve</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Put"-up</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Arranged; plotted;
-- in a bad sense; as, a <i>put-up</i> job.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Pu"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Poy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puz"zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pucelle</i> a
virgin.] <def>A harlot; a drab; a hussy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>opposal</i>, in
the sense of problem. See <u>Oppose</u>, <u>Pose</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something which
perplexes or embarrasses; especially, a toy or a problem contrived for
testing ingenuity; also, something exhibiting marvelous skill in
making.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being puzzled; perplexity; as,
to be in a <i>puzzle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Puzzled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Puzzling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perplex; to confuse;
to embarrass; to put to a stand; to nonplus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A very shrewd disputant in those points is dexterous in
<i>puzzling</i> others.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is perpetually <i>puzzled</i> and perplexed amidst
his own blunders.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make intricate; to entangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They disentangle from the <i>puzzled</i>
skein.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ways of Heaven are dark and intricate,<BR>
<i>Puzzled</i> in mazes, and perplexed with error.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To solve by ingenuity, as a puzzle; --
followed by <i>out</i>; as, to <i>puzzle</i> out a mystery.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To embarrass; perplex; confuse; bewilder; confound.
See <u>Embarrass</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Puz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be bewildered, or perplexed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>puzzling</i> fool, that heeds
nothing.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To work, as at a puzzle; as, to
<i>puzzle</i> over a problem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puz"zle*dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The domain of
puzzles; puzzles, collectively.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puz"zle-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
head full of confused notions.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puz"zle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being puzzled; perplexity.</def>  <i>Miss Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puz"zler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, puzzles or perplexes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hebrew, the general <i>puzzler</i> of old
heads.</blockquote> <i>Brome.</i></p>

<p><hw>Puz"zling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
puzzling manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Puz"zo*lan</hw> (?), <hw>Puz`zo*la"na</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Pozzuolana</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Py*&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; pus + &?; blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A form of blood poisoning
produced by the absorption into the blood of morbid matters usually
originating in a wound or local inflammation. It is characterized by
the development of multiple abscesses throughout the body, and is
attended with irregularly recurring chills, fever, profuse sweating,
and exhaustion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*&aelig;"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to py&aelig;mia; of the nature of py&aelig;mia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyc`nas*pid"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thick,
crowded + &?;, &?;, a shield.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the
posterior side of the tarsus covered with small irregular scales; --
said of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pyc*nid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pycnidia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; crowded.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In certain fungi, a flask-shaped cavity from the
surface of the inner walls of which spores are produced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyc"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thick.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A massive subcolumnar variety of topaz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyc"no*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thick,
crowded + &?;, &?;, a tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Any fossil fish
belonging to the Pycnodontini. They have numerous round, flat teeth,
adapted for crushing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pyc`no*don"ti*ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extinct order of ganoid fishes. They had a
compressed body, covered with dermal ribs (<i>pleurolepida</i>) and
with enameled rhomboidal scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyc*nog"o*nid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Pycnogonida.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pyc`no*gon"i*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; thick crowded + &?; knee.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class of
marine arthropods in which the body is small and thin, and the eight
legs usually very long; -- called also <i>Pantopoda</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The abdomen is rudimentary, and the triangular mouth is at
the end of a tubular proboscis. Many of them live at great depths in
the sea, and the largest of them measure two feet across the extended
legs.</p>

<p><hw>Pyc*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dense,
compact + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A specific gravity
bottle; a standard flask for measuring and comparing the densities of
liquids.</def> [Also written <i>pyknometer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pyc"no*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; with the
pillars close together; &?; close + &?; a column, pillar: cf. F.
<i>pycnostyle</i>.] <i>(Anc. Arch.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Intercolumniation</u>.</def> -<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
pycnostyle colonnade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pye</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d <u>Pie</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pye"bald`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Piebald</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Py`e*li"tis</hw> (?). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. basin + <i>-
itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the pelvis of the
kidney.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*e"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Py&AElig;mia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A magpie; a
piet.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here cometh the worthy prelate as pert as a
<i>pyet</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Py"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the rump.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated in the region of the rump, or posterior
end of the backbone; -- applied especially to the posterior median
plates in the carapace of chelonians.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Py"garg</hw> (?), <hw>||Py*gar"gus</hw> (?), }[L.
<i>pygargus</i>, Gr. &?;, literally, white rump; &?; the rump + white:
cf. F. <i>pygargue</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
quadruped, probably the addax, an antelope having a white rump.</def>
<i>Deut. xiv. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
female of the hen harrier.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sea
eagle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Py*gid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pygidia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, dim. of &?; the
rump.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The caudal plate of trilobites,
crustacean, and certain insects. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Limulus</u>
and <u>Trilobite</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pyg"my</hw> (?), <hw>Pyg*me"an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pygmaeus</i>. See <u>Pygmy</u>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to a pygmy; resembling a pygmy or dwarf; dwarfish; very
small.</def> " Like that <i>Pygmean</i> race."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pygmy antelope</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
kleeneboc.</cd> -- <col><b>Pygmy goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any species of very small geese of the genus <i>Nettapus</i>,
native of Africa, India, and Australia.</cd> -- <col><b>Pygmy
owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the gnome.</cd> --
<col><b>Pygmy parrot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of very small green parrots (<i>Nasitern&aelig;</i>),
native of New Guinea and adjacent islands. They are not larger than
sparrows.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Pyg"my</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pygmies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>pygmaeus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
the fist, a measure of length, the distance from the elbow to the
knuckles, about 131 inches.  Cf. <u>Pugnacious</u>, <u>Fist</u>.]
[Written also <i>pigmy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i>
<def>One of a fabulous race of dwarfs who waged war with the cranes,
and were destroyed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a short, insignificant person; a
dwarf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Pygmies</i> are <i>pygmies</i> still, though perched
on Alps.<BR>
And pyramids are pyramids in vales.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Py`go*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>pugh`</grk> the rump + &?; a gill.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of opisthobranchiate mollusks having the
branchi&aelig; in a wreath or group around the anal opening, as in the
genus Doris.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py"go*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>pygh`</grk>
rump + <i>-pod</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Pygopodes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
serpentiform lizards of the family <i>Pygopodid&aelig;</i>, which have
rudimentary hind legs near the anal cleft, but lack fore
legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Py*gop"o*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of swimming birds which includes
the grebes, divers, auks, etc., in which the legs are placed far
back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*gop"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Pygopodes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py"go*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>pygh`</grk> the rump + &?; a pillar.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
plate of bone which forms the posterior end of the vertebral column in
most birds; the plowshare bone; the vomer. It is formed by the union
of a number of the last caudal vertebr&aelig;, and supports the
uropigium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; pus.]
<i>(Physiol. (Chem.)</i> <def>An albuminoid constituent of pus,
related to mucin, possibly a mixture of substances rather than a
single body.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Py*ja"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>p&amacr;e-
j&amacr;ma</i>, literally, leg clothing.] <def>In India and Persia,
thin loose trowsers or drawers; in Europe and America, drawers worn at
night, or a kind of nightdress with legs.</def> [Written also
<i>paijama</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pyk"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ancient English
fishing boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Py"la</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Pyl&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Pylas</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. &?; an entrance.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The passage
between the iter and optoc&oelig;le in the brain.</def>  <i>B. G.
Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pyl"a*gore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
Pyl&aelig;, or Thermopyl&aelig;, where the Amphictyonic council met +
&?; to assemble: cf. F. <i>pylagore</i>.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>a
deputy of a State at the Amphictyonic council.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Py*lan"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pylangia</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., from Gr. &?; an entrance + &?;
a vessel.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The first and undivided part of the
aortic trunk in the amphibian heart.</def> -- <wf>Py*lan"gi*al</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Py"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
gateway.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A low tower, having a truncated
pyramidal form, and flanking an ancient Egyptian gateway.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Massive <i>pylons</i> adorned with obelisks in
front.</blockquote> <i>J. W. Draper.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An Egyptian gateway to a large building
(with or without flanking towers).</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*lor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pylorique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or in the
region of, the pylorus; as, the <i>pyloric</i> end of the
stomach.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Py*lo"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pylori</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?; pylorus, gate keeper;
&?; a gate + &?; watcher, guardian.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The opening from the stomach into the
intestine.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A posterior division of the
stomach in some invertebrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pine</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Py*noun"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pennant.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Py`o*cy"a*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; pus + &?;
dark blue.] <i>(Physiol. (Chem.)</i> <def>A blue coloring matter found
in the pus from old sores, supposed to be formed through the agency of
a species of bacterium (<i>Bacillus pyocyaneus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Py`o*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; pus + root
of &?; to be born.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing or generating
pus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; pus + -<i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to pus; of the nature
of, or like, pus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pyoid corpuscles</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>cells of a
size larger than pus corpuscles, containing two or more of the
latter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Py`op*neu`mo*tho"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
pus + E. <i>pneumothorax</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Accumulation of air,
or other gas, and of pus, in the pleural cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The magpie. See <u>Piet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py`o*xan"those</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; pus +
&?; yellow.] <i>(Physiol. (Chem.)</i> <def>A greenish yellow
crystalline coloring matter found with pyocyanin in pus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"a*canth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fire + &?;
a thorn, prickly plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The evergreen thorn
(<i>Crat&aelig;gus Pyracantha</i>), a shrub native of
Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a pyre.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pyr"a*lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pyralis</i>,
<i>-idis</i>, a kind of winged insect.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
moth of the family <i>Pyralid&aelig;</i>. The species are numerous and
mostly small, but some of them are very injurious, as the bee moth,
meal moth, hop moth, and clover moth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"a*mid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pyramis</i>,
<i>-idis</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, of Egyptian origin: cf. F.
<i>pyramide</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A solid body standing on a triangular,
square, or polygonal base, and terminating in a point at the top;
especially, a structure or edifice of this shape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid figure contained by
a plane rectilineal figure as base and several triangles which have a
common vertex and whose bases are sides of the base.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>The game of
pool in which the balls are placed in the form of a triangle at
spot.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Altitude of a pyramid</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the
perpendicular distance from the vertex to the plane of the base.</cd>
-- <col><b>Axis of a pyramid</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a straight
line drawn from the vertex to the center of the base.</cd> --
<col><b>Earth pyramid</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>See <i>Earth
pillars</i>, under <u>Earth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Right
pyramid</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>a pyramid whose axis is
perpendicular to the base.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Py*ram`i*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pyramidal</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a pyramid; in the form
of a a pyramid; pyramidical; as, <i>pyramidal</i> cleavage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mystic obelisks stand up<BR>
Triangular, <i>pyramidal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1169 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Tetragonal</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pyramidal numbers</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>certain
series of figurate numbers expressing the number of balls or points
that may be arranged in the form of pyramids. Thus 1, 4, 10, 20, 35,
etc., are <i>triangular pyramidal numbers</i>; and 1, 5, 14, 30, 55,
etc., are <i>square pyramidal numbers</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Py*ram"i*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>One of the carpal bones. See <u>Cuneiform</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*ram"i*dal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like a
pyramid.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pyr`a*mid"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pyr`a*mid"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a pyramid; having the
form of a pyramid; pyramidal.</def> " A <i>pyramidical</i> rock."
<i>Goldsmith.</i> "Gold in <i>pyramidic</i> plenty piled."
<i>Shenstone.</i> -- <wf>Pyr`a*mid"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <wf>Pyr`a*mild"ic*al*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Pyr`a*mid"i*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pyramidia</b></plw> (#). [NL., from L. <i>pyramis</i>. See
<u>Pyramid</u>.] <def>The small pyramid which crowns or completes an
obelisk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*ram"i*doid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
pyramid + <i>-id</i>: cf. F. <i>pyramido&iuml;de</i>.] <def>A solid
resembling a pyramid; -- called also <i>pyramoid</i>.</def>
<i>Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pyr"a*mis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pyramides</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A pyramid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"a*moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pyramidoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*rar"gy*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fire +
&?; silver.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Ruby silver; dark red silver ore. It
is a sulphide of antimony and silver, occurring in rhombohedral
crystals or massive, and is of a dark red or black color with a
metallic adamantine luster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pure</i>, Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; fire. See <u>Fire</u>.] <def>A funeral pile; a combustible
heap on which the dead are burned; hence, any pile to be
burnt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For nine long nights, through all the dusky air,<BR>
The <i>pyres</i> thick flaming shot a dismal glare.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Py*re"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pyren&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, the stone of
fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A nutlet resembling a seed, or the kernel
of a drupe.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Py"rene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fire.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the less volatile hydrocarbons of coal tar,
obtained as a white crystalline substance,
C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>10</sub>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py"rene</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Pyrena</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`e*ne"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Pyrenaei</i>
(sc. <i>monte</i>s) the Pyrenees, fr. <i>Pyrene</i>, Gr.&?; a daughter
of Bebryx, beloved by Hercules, and buried upon these mountains.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the Pyrenees, a range of mountains separating
France and Spain.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
Pyrenees.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Py*re"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; like a
kernel. See <u>Pyrena</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A transparent body found in the chromatophores of certain
Infusoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"eth*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Pyrethrum</i>, generic name of feverfew, Gr. &?; feverfew.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance resembling, and isomeric with,
ordinary camphor, and extracted from the essential oil of feverfew; --
called also <i>Pyrethrum camphor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"eth*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid extracted from the root of the pellitory of Spain
(<i>Anacyclus pyrethrum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*ret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; burning heat,
fever, from &?; fire: cf. F. <i>pyr&eacute;tique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to fever; febrile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`e*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fever +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>pyr&eacute;tologie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
discourse or treatise on fevers; the doctrine of fevers.</def>
<i>Hooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Py*rex"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pyrexi&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; to be feverish,
akin to &?; fever.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The febrile
condition.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Py*rex"i*al</hw> (?), <hw>Py*rex"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to fever;
feverish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"gom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a place
furnished with towers, fr. &?; a tower.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety
of pyroxene; -- called also <i>fassaite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr*he`li*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fire
+ &?; sun + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for
measuring the direct heating effect of the sun's rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*rid"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>Related to, or formed from, pyridin or its homologues;
as, the <i>pyridic</i> bases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; fire.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous base,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>N, obtained from the distillation of bone
oil or coal tar, and by the decomposition of certain alkaloids, as a
colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor. It is the nucleus of a
large number of organic substances, among which several vegetable
alkaloids, as nicotine and certain of the ptoma&iuml;nes, may be
mentioned. See <u>Lutidine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"i*dyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyrid</i>ine +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>4</sub>N, regarded as the essential residue of
pyridine, and analogous to phenyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pyrum</i>,
<i>pirum</i>, a pear + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>pyriforme</i>,
<i>piriforme</i>.] <def>Having the form of a pear; pear-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`i*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to pyrites. See <u>Pyritic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pyrites</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>pyrite</i>. See
<u>Pyrites</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A common mineral of a pale brass-
yellow color and brilliant metallic luster, crystallizing in the
isometric system; iron pyrites; iron disulphide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hence sable coal his massy couch extends,<BR>
And stars of gold the sparkling <i>pyrite</i> blends.</blockquote>
<i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Py*ri"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; fire. See <u>Pyre</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A name given to a
number of metallic minerals, sulphides of iron, copper, cobalt,
nickel, and tin, of a white or yellowish color.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term was originally applied to the mineral pyrite, or
iron pyrites, in allusion to its giving sparks when struck with
steel.</p>

<p><col><b>Arsenical pyrites</b></col>, <cd>arsenopyrite.</cd> --
<col><b>Auriferous pyrites</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Auriferous</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Capillary pyrites</b></col>,
<cd>millerite.</cd> -- <col><b>Common pyrites</b></col>, <cd>isometric
iron disulphide; pyrite.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair pyrites</b></col>,
<cd>millerite.</cd> -- <col><b>Iron pyrites</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Pyrite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Magnetic pyrites</b></col>,
<cd>pyrrhotite.</cd> -- <col><b>Tin pyrites</b></col>,
<cd>stannite.</cd> -- <col><b>White iron pyrites</b></col>,
<cd>orthorhombic iron disulphide; marcasite. This includes cockscomb
pyrites (a variety of marcasite, named in allusion to its form), spear
pyrites, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow</b></col>, or
<col><b>Copper</b></col>, <col><b>pyrites</b></col>, <cd>the sulphide
of copper and iron; chalcopyrite.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Py*rit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Py*rit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to pyrites;
consisting of, or resembling, pyrites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`i*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyrites</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Containing or producing
pyrites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"i*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pyritiser</i>.] <def>To convert into pyrites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`i*to*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pyritohedron</u>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Like pyrites in
hemihedral form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`i*to*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyrite</i>
+ Gr. &?; base.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The pentagonal
dodecahedron, a common form of pyrite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"i*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyrite</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Pyritohedron.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Pyr`i*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of fire
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of blowpipe analysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"i*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pyritic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pyro-</hw>, <hw>Pyr-</hw>  }. [Gr. &?;, &?;, fire.]
<def>Combining forms designating <i>fire</i> or <i>heat</i>;
specifically <i>(Chem.)</i>, used to imply an actual or theoretical
<i>derivative by the action of heat</i>; as in <i>pyro</i>phosphoric,
<i>pyro</i>sulphuric, <i>pyro</i>tartaric, <i>pyro</i>tungstic,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>Abbreviation of <i>pyrogallic acid</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*a*ce"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>acetic</i>: cf. F. <i>pyroac&eacute;tique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, and designating, a substance (acetone) obtained by
the distillation of the acetates. It is now called also <i>pyroacetic
ether</i>, and formerly was called <i>pyroacetic spirit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>acid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An acid obtained by sybjecting
another acid to the action of heat.  Cf. <u>Pyro-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*an`ti*mo"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of pyroantimonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*an`ti*mon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i>
+ <i>antimonic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an acid of antimony analogous to pyrophosphoric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*ar"se*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of pyroarsenic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*ar*sen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>arsenic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to or designating, an
acid of arsenic analogous to pyrophosphoric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*bo"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of pyroboric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*bo"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>boric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to derived from, or
designating, an acid, H<sub>2</sub>B<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (called
also <i>tetraboric</i> acid), which is the acid ingredient of ordinary
borax, and is obtained by heating boric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*cat"e*chin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>catechu</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>, of the phenol series,
found in various plants; -- so called because first obtained by
distillation of gum <i>catechu</i>. Called also <i>catechol</i>,
<i>oxyphenol</i>. etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"o*chlore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> + Gr.
&?; pale green.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A niobate of calcium, cerium, and
other bases, occurring usually in octahedrons of a yellowish or
brownish color and resinous luster; -- so called from its becoming
grass-green on being subjected to heat under the blowpipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*cit"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>citric</i>: cf. F. <i>pyrocitrique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, any one of three acids obtained by
the distillation of citric acid, and called respectively
<i>citraconic</i>, <i>itaconic</i>, and <i>mesaconic</i>
<i>acid.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"o*coll</hw> (p&ibreve;r"&osl;*k&obreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Puro-</i> + Gr. <grk>ko`lla</grk> glue.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow crystalline substance allied to pyrrol,
obtained by the distillation of gelatin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>electric</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or dependent
on, pyroelectricity; receiving electric polarity when
heated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*e*lec"tric</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>A substance which becomes electrically polar when heated,
exhibiting opposite charges of statical electricity at two separate
parts, especially the two extremities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*e`lec*tric"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Electricity developed by means of heat; the
science which treats of electricity thus developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*gal"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of pyrogallic acid; an ether of pyrogallol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*gal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>gallic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived from, or
designating, an acid called <i>pyrogallol</i>. See
<u>Pyrogallol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*gal"lol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyrogallic</i>
+ <i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A phenol metameric with
phloroglucin, obtained by the distillation of gallic acid as a
poisonous white crystalline substance having acid properties, and
hence called also <i>pyrogallic acid</i>. It is a strong reducer, and
is used as a developer in photography and in the production of certain
dyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pyrogenous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Electricity.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A poison separable
from decomposed meat infusions, and supposed to be formed from
albuminous matter through the agency of bacteria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>-gen</i> + <i>-ic</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Producing heat; --
said of substances, as septic poisons, which elevate the temperature
of the body and cause fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*rog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fire +
<i>genous</i>: cf. F. <i>purog&egrave;ne</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Produced
by fire; igneous.</def>  <i>Mantell. .</i></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`og*nos"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
Gr. &?; to know.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to characters
developed by the use of heat; pertaining to the characters of minerals
when examined before the blowpipe; as, the <i>pyrognostic</i>
characters of galena.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`og*nos"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>The characters of a mineral observed by the use of
the blowpipe, as the degree of fusibility, flame coloration,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*rog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A process of printing, ornamenting, or carving,
by burning with heated instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*rol"a*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pyrolatry</u>.] <def>A fire worshiper.</def> [R.]
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Py*rol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> + Gr.
&?; worship: cf. F. <i>pyrol&acirc;trie</i>.] <def>The worship of
fire.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pyr`o*lig"ne*ous</hw> (?), <hw>Pyr`o*lig"nic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro</i>-+ L. <i>lignum</i> wood: cf. F.
<i>pyroligneux</i>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, the acid liquid obtained in the distillation of wood,
consisting essentially of impure acetic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*lig"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pyroligneous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*lith"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>lithic</i>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pyrouric</u>, or
<u>Cyanuric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*rol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in, or makes a study of, pyrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*rol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> + <i>-
logy</i>: cf. F. <i>pyrologie</i>.] <def>That branch of physical
science which treats of the properties, phenomena, or effects of heat;
also, a treatise on heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*lu"site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
Gr. &?; to loose, or &?; a loosing.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Manganese
dioxide, a mineral of an iron-black or dark steel-gray color and
metallic luster, usually soft.  Pyrolusite parts with its oxygen at a
red heat, and is extensively used in discharging the brown and green
tints of glass (whence its name).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*mag*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>magnetic</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Acting by the agency of heat
and magnetism; as, a <i>pyromagnetic</i> machine for producing
electric currents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*ma"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of pyromalic acid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*ma"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>malic</i>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
an acid now called <i>maleic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; fire
+ &?; divination: cf. F. <i>pyromancie</i>.] <def>Divination by means
of fire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"o*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>mania</i>.] <def>An insane disposition to incendiarism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"o*man"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to pyromancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*man"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;.]
<def>One who pretends to divine by fire.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Py*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>pyrom&egrave;tre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument used for measuring the expansion
of solid bodies by heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for
measuring degrees of heat above those indicated by the mercurial
thermometer.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is usually constructed so as to register the change which
the heat to be measured produces in the length of some expansible
substance, as a metallic rod, or in the intensity of a thermo-electric
current.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pyr`o*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Pyr`o*met"ric*al</hw>  }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>pyrom&eacute;trique</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained by, the pyrometer;
as, <i>pyrometrical</i> instruments; <i>pyrometrical</i>
measurements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*rom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
measuring degrees of heat, or the expansion of bodies by
heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*mor"phite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>pyromorphit</i>, from Gr. &?; fire + &?; form.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Native lead phosphate with lead chloride, occurring in bright
green and brown hexagonal crystals and also massive; -- so called
because a fused globule crystallizes in cooling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*mor"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>-morphous</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Having the property of
crystallizing by the agency of fire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*mu"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of pyromucic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*mu"cic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>mucic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived from, or
designating, an acid obtained as a white crystalline substance by the
distillation of mucic acid, or by the oxidation of furfurol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*nom"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
Gr. &?; law.] <def>The science of heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"ope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pyropus</i> a
kind of red bronze, fr. Gr. &?;; &?; fire + &?; the eye, face: cf. F.
<i>pyrope</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of garnet, of a poppy or
blood-red color, frequently with a tinge of orange. It is used as a
gem. See the Note under <u>Garnet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"o*phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Pyrophanous</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral which is opaque in
its natural state, but is said to change its color and become
transparent by heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*roph"a*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
Gr. &?; to show, pass, to shine.] <def>Rendered transparent by
heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"o*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> + Gr.
&?; sound.] <def>A musical instrument in which the tones are produced
by flames of hydrogen, or illuminating gas, burning in tubes of
different sizes and lengths.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pyr`o*phor"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Py*roph"o*rous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> + Gr. &?; to bear.] <def>Light-
producing; of or pertaining to pyrophorus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pyrophoric iron</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>finely
reduced iron, which ignites spontaneously on contact with
air.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Py*roph"o*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Pyrophorous</u>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of several
substances or mixtures which phosphoresce or ignite spontaneously on
exposure to air, as a heated mixture of alum, potash, and charcoal, or
a mixture of charcoal and finely divided lead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"o*phos"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of pyrophosphoric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*phos*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i>
+ <i>phosphoric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an acid, H<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, which
is obtained as a white crystalline substance. Its salts are obtained
by heating the phosphates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*roph"yl*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
Gr. &?; leaf.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral, usually of a white or
greenish color and pearly luster, consisting chiefly of the hydrous
silicate of alumina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> + <i>-
scope</i>: cf. F. <i>pyroscope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
instrument for measuring the intensity of heat radiating from a fire,
or the cooling influence of bodies. It is a differential thermometer,
having one bulb coated with gold or silver leaf.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 1170 !></p>

<p><hw>||Py*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr Gr. &?; a
burning, an inflammation, fr. &?; to burn, fr. &?; fire.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <i>Water brash</i>, under
<u>Brash</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*ros"ma*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
Gr. &?; odor + <i>-like</i>. ] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral, usually
of a pale brown or of a gray or grayish green color, consisting
chiefly of the hydrous silicate of iron and manganese; -- so called
from the odor given off before the blowpipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"o*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> + <i>-
some</i> body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any compound ascidian of the
genus <i>Pyrosoma</i>. The pyrosomes form large hollow cylinders,
sometimes two or three feet long, which swim at the surface of the sea
and are very phosphorescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*sul"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of pyrosulphuric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*sul*phu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i>
+ <i>-sulphuric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an acid called also <i>disulphuric</i> <i>acid</i>)
obtained by distillation of certain sulphates, as a colorless, thick,
oily liquid, H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> resembling
sulphuric acid. It is used in the solution of indigo, in the
manufacture of alizarin, and in dehydration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*tar*tar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>tartaric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
an acid obtained as a white crystalline substance by the distillation
of tartaric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*tar"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of pyrotartaric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*tech"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
pyrotechnist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pyr`o*tech"nic</hw> (?), <hw>Pyr`o*tech"nic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> + <i>technic</i>, technical: cf. F.
<i>pyrotechnique</i>. See <u>Fire</u>, <u>Technical</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to fireworks, or the art of forming them.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pyrotechnical sponge</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Sponge</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*tech*ni"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
pyrotechnist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*tech"nics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
making fireworks; the manufacture and use of fireworks;
pyrotechny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*tech"nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled
in pyrotechny; one who manufactures fireworks.</def>
<i>Steevens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*tech`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pyrotechnie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The use and application
of fire in science and the arts.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Pyrotechnics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*roth"o*nide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
Gr. &?; linen.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of empyreumatic oil produced
by the combustion of textures of hemp, linen, or cotton in a copper
vessel, -- formerly used as a remedial agent.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Py*rot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
burn, fr. &?;, &?;, fire: cf. F. <i>pyrotique</i>.] <def>Caustic. See
<u>Caustic</u>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
caustic medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*tri`tar*tar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-
</i> + <i>tri-</i> + <i>tartaric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Designating
an acid which is more commonly called <i>uric</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*tung"stic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Polytungstic. See <u>Metatungstic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*&uuml;"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>uric</i>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
an acid now called <i>cyanuric</i> acid. See
<u>Cyanuric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*va*nad"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
<i>vanadic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an
acid of vanadium, analogous to pyrophosphoric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr`o*xan"thin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> +
Gr. &?; yellow.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow crystalline hydrocardon
extracted from crude wood spirit; -- called also
<i>eblanin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"ox*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>pyrox&egrave;ne</i>, from Gr. &?; fire + &?; a stranger; -- so
called because it was supposed to the be a stranger, or of rare
occurrence, in igneous rocks,] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A common mineral
occurring in monoclinic crystals, with a prismatic angle of nearly
90&deg;, and also in massive forms which are often laminated. It
varies in color from white to dark green and black, and includes many
varieties differing in color and composition, as diopside, malacolite,
salite, coccolite, augite, etc. They are all silicates of lime and
magnesia with sometimes alumina and iron. Pyroxene is an essential
constituent of many rocks, especially basic igneous rocks, as basalt,
gabbro, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The pyroxene group contains pyroxene proper, also the
related orthorhombic species, enstatite, bronzite, hypersthene, and
various monoclinic and triclinic species, as rhodonite, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Pyr`ox*en"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pyrox&eacute;nique</i>.] <def>Containing pyroxene; composed chiefly
of pyroxene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*rox"e*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A rock consisting essentially of pyroxene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*rox"yle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>pyroxyle</i>. See <u>Pyroxylic</u>, <u>-yl</u>.]</p>

<p><hw>Pyr`ox*yl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> + Gr.
&?; wood.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Derived from wood by distillation;
-- formerly used in designating crude wood spirit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*rox"y*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A substance resembling gun cotton in composition and properties,
but distinct in that it is more highly nitrified and is soluble in
alcohol, ether, etc.; -- called also <i>pyroxyle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"rhic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>pyrrhichius</i>,
Gr. &?; belonging to the &?; (sc. &?;) a kind of war dance.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an ancient Greek martial
dance.</def> " ye have the <i>pyrrhic</i> dance as yet."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
pyrrhic, or to pyrrhics; containing pyrrhic; as, a <i>pyrrhic</i>
verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"rhic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [Gr.
&?;: cf. F. <i>pyrrhique</i>, fem.] <def>An ancient Greek martial
dance, to the accompaniment of the flute, its time being very
quick.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [L. <i>pyrrhichius</i> (sc. <i>pes</i>), Gr. &?;
(sc. &?;): cf. F. <i>pyrrhique</i>, masc.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A foot
consisting of two short syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"rhi*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i>
<def>One two danced the pyrrhic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pyr*rho"ne*an</hw> (?), <hw>Pyr*rhon"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Pyrrhon&ecirc;us</i>: cf. F.
<i>pyrrhonien</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to pyrrhonism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"rho*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Pyrrho</i>, the founder of a school of skeptics in Greece (about
300 <u>b. c.</u>): cf. F. <i>pyrrhonisme</i>.] <def>Skepticism;
universal doubt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"rho*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower of
Pyrrho; a skeptic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pyr"rho*tine</hw> (?), <hw>Pyr"rho*tite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; flame-colored, fr. &?; fire.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A bronze-colored mineral, of metallic luster. It is
a sulphide of iron, and is remarkable for being attracted by the
magnet. Called also <i>magnetic pyrites</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"rol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; flame-colored
(from &?; fire) + L. <i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
nitrogenous base found in coal tar, bone oil, and other distillates of
organic substances, and also produced synthetically as a colorless
liquid, C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>5</sub>N, having on odor like that of
chloroform. It is the nucleus and origin of a large number of
derivatives. So called because it colors a splinter of wood moistened
with hydrochloric acid a <i>deep red</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"ro*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A nitrogenous base, C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>7</sub>N, obtained as a
colorless liquid by the reduction of pyrrol.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pyr"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>pyrus</i> a pear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of large marine
gastropods. having a pear-shaped shell. It includes the fig-shells.
See <i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*ru"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pyro&uuml;ric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Py"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pyrus</i>, or
better <i>pirus</i>, pear tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
rosaceous trees and shrubs having pomes for fruit. It includes the
apple, crab apple, pear, chokeberry, sorb, and mountain ash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*ru"vic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Pyro-</i> + L.
<i>uva</i> a grape.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an acid (called also <i>pyroracemic acid</i>) obtained,
as a liquid having a pungent odor, by the distillation of racemic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*ru"vil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
complex nitrogenous compound obtained by heating together pyruvic acid
and urea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyth`a*go"re*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Pythagoreus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to Pythagoras (a
Greek philosopher, born about 582 <u>b. c.</u>), or his
philosophy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The central thought of the <i>Pythagorean</i>
philosophy is the idea of number, the recognition of the numerical and
mathematical relations of things.</blockquote> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Pythagorean proposition</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the
theorem that the square described upon the hypothenuse of a plane
right-angled triangle is equal to the sum of the squares described
upon the other two sides.</cd> -- <col><b>Pythagorean system</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the commonly received system of astronomy, first
taught by Pythagoras, and afterward revived by Copernicus, whence it
is also called the <i>Copernican system</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Pythagorean letter</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Y.</u></cd></p>

<p><hw>Pyth`a*go"re*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower
of Pythagoras; one of the school of philosophers founded by
Pythagoras.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyth`a*go"re*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrines of Pythagoras or the Pythagoreans.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a philosophic school <i>Pythagoreanism</i> became
extinct in Greece about the middle of the 4th century [<u>B.
C.</u>].</blockquote> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pyth`a*gor"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Pyth`a*gor"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>Pythagoricus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>pythagorique</i>.] <def>See <u>Pythagorean</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Py*thag"o*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>The doctrines taught by Pythagoras.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Pythagoras made numbers the basis of his philosophical
system, as well physical as metaphysical. The doctrine of the
transmigration of souls (metempsychosis) is associated closely with
name of Pythagoras.</p>

<p><hw>Py*thag"o*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Pythagorized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Pythagorizing</u> (?).] [Gr. &?;.] <def>To speculate
after the manner of Pythagoras.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyth"i*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pythian</u>.]
<i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>The period intervening between one
celebration of the Pythian games and the next.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyth"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Pythius</i>,
Gr. &?; belonging to Pytho, the older name of Delphi and its environs:
cf. F. <i>pythien</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Delphi, to the temple
of Apollo, or to the priestess of Apollo, who delivered oracles at
Delphi.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pythian games</b></col> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i>, <cd>one of the
four great national festivals of ancient Greece, celebrated near
Delphi, in honor of Apollo, the conqueror of the dragon Python, at
first once in eight years, afterward once in four.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pyth`o*cen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to rot +
&?; origin.] <def>Producing decomposition, as diseases which are
supposed to be accompanied or caused by decomposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py"thon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>Python</i> the serpent slain near Delphi by Apollo, Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of very large
snakes of the genus <i>Python</i>, and allied genera, of the family
<i>Pythonid&aelig;</i>. They are nearly allied to the boas. Called
also <i>rock snake</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The pythons have small pelvic bones, or anal spurs, two rows
of subcaudal scales, and pitted labials. They are found in Africa,
Asia, and the East Indies.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A diviner by spirits.</def> "[Manasses]
observed omens, and appointed <i>pythons</i>." <i>4 Kings xxi. 6
(Douay version).</i></p>

<p><hw>Pyth"o*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pythonissa</i>: cf. F. <i>pythonisse</i>. See <u>Pythian</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>The priestess who gave
oracular answers at Delphi in Greece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any woman supposed to have a spirit of
divination; a sort of witch.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Py*thon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pythonicus</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Pythian</u>.] <def>Prophetic;
oracular; pretending to foretell events.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyth"o*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
predicting events after the manner of the priestess of Apollo at
Delphi; equivocal prophesying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyth"o*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A conjurer; a
diviner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pyth`o*no*mor"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Python</u>, and <u>-morphous</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Mosasauria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Py*u"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
pus + &?; urine.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition in which pus
is discharged in the urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pyxis</i> a box, Gr.
<grk>pyxi`s</grk> a box, especially of boxwood, fr. <grk>py`xos</grk>
the box tree or boxwood. See <u>Box</u> a receptacle.] [Written also
<i>pix</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The box, case,
vase, or tabernacle, in which the host is reserved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A box used in the British mint as a place
of deposit for certain sample coins taken for a trial of the weight
and fineness of metal before it is sent from the mint.</def>
<i>Mushet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The box in which the compass
is suspended; the binnacle.</def> <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Pyxis</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pyx cloth</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>a veil of silk
or lace covering the pyx.</cd> -- <col><b>Trial of the pyx</b></col>,
<cd>the annual testing, in the English mint, of the standard of gold
and silver coins.</cd>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pyx</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To test as to weight and
fineness, as the coins deposited in the pyx.</def> [Eng.]
<i>Mushet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pyx"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
pyxidium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pyx*id"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Pyxidia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, dim. a &?; a box.
See <u>Pyx</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pod which
divides circularly into an upper and lower half, of which the former
acts as a kind of lid, as in the pimpernel and purslane.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The theca of mosses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyx"ie</hw> (p&ibreve;ks"&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pixy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pyx*is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A box; a pyx.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A pyxidium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The acetabulum. See
<u>Acetabulum</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1171 !></p>

<p><point26>Q.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Q</hw> (k&umacr;), <def>the seventeenth letter of the English
alphabet, has but one sound (that of <i>k</i>), and is always followed
by <i>u</i>, the two letters together being sounded like <i>kw</i>,
except in some words in which the <i>u</i> is silent. See <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect; 249. Q is not found in Anglo-Saxon,
<i>cw</i> being used instead of <i>qu</i>; as in <i>cwic</i>, quick;
<i>cwen</i>, queen. The name (k&umacr;) is from the French <i>ku</i>,
which is from the Latin name of the same letter; its form is from the
Latin, which derived it, through a Greek alphabet, from the
Ph&oelig;nician, the ultimate origin being Egyptian.</def></p>

<p>    Etymologically, <i>q</i> or <i>qu</i> is most nearly related to
a (<i>ch</i>, <i>tch</i>), <i>p</i>, <i>q</i>, and <i>wh</i>; as in
cud, <i>quid</i>, L. <i>equ</i>us, e<i>c</i>us, horse, Gr. &?;, whence
E. <i>equ</i>ine, hi<i>pp</i>ic; L. <i>qu</i>od which, E. <i>wh</i>at;
L. a<i>qu</i>ila, E. ea<i>q</i>le; E. ki<i>tch</i>en, OE.
ki<i>che</i>ne, AS. cycene, L. co<i>qu</i>ina.</p>

<p><hw>Qua</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [L., abl. of <i>qui</i>
who.] <def>In so far as; in the capacity or character of;
as.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is with Shelley's biographers <i>qua</i> biographers
that we have to deal.</blockquote> <i>London Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quab</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>kwab</i>
eelpout, Dan. <i>quabbe</i>, G. <i>quabbe</i>, <i>quappe</i>, LG.
<i>quabbe</i> a fat lump of flesh, and L. <i>capito</i> a kind of fish
with a large head, fr. <i>caput</i> the head, also E. <i>squab</i>.]
<def>An unfledged bird; hence, something immature or unfinished.</def>
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quab</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Quob</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Qua"-bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The American night heron. See under <u>Night</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qua"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The quagga.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quack</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Qvacked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quacking</u>.] [Of imitative origin; cf. D. <i>kwaken</i>, G.
<i>quacken</i>, <i>quaken</i>, Icel. <i>kvaka</i> to twitter.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter a sound like the cry of a
duck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make vain and loud pretensions; to
boast.</def> " To <i>quack</i> of universal cures."
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To act the part of a quack, or
pretender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
cry of the duck, or a sound in imitation of it; a hoarse, quacking
noise.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Quacksalver</u>.] <def>A boastful
pretender to medical skill; an empiric; an ignorant
practitioner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, one who boastfully pretends to skill
or knowledge of any kind not possessed; a charlatan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Quacks</i> political; <i>quacks</i> scientific,
academical.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quack</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to or
characterized by, boasting and pretension; used by quacks; pretending
to cure diseases; as, a <i>quack</i> medicine; a <i>quack</i>
doctor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quack"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quackeries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The acts, arts, or boastful
pretensions of a quack; false pretensions to any art;
empiricism.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quack" grass`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Quitch
grass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quack"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a quack;
boasting; characterized by quackery.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quack"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quackery.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quac"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Quackled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quackling</u> (?).] [Cf.<u>Querken</u>.] <def>To suffocate; to
choke.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Quack"sal*ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>kwakzalver</i>; cf. <i>kwakzalven</i> to quack or boast of one's
salves. See <u>Quack</u>, <u>Salve</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>One
who boasts of his skill in medicines and salves, or of the efficacy of
his prescriptions; a charlatan; a quack; a mountebank.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quad</hw> (?), <hw>Quade</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Akin to AS. <i>cw&aemacr;d</i>, <i>cwead</i>, dung, evil, G.
<i>kot</i>, dung, OHG. <i>qu&amacr;t</i>.] <def>Evil; bad; baffling;
as, a <i>quade</i> wind.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sooth play, <i>quad</i> play, as the Fleming
saith.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quad</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A
quadrat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
quadrangle; hence, a prison.</def> [Cant or Slang]</p>

<p><hw>||Quad"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quadr&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a square, the socle, a
platband, a fillet.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
plinth, or lowest member, of any pedestal, podium, water table, or the
like.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A fillet, or listel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[See
<u>Quadrate</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>That may be sqyared, or reduced
to an equivalent square; -- said of a surface when the area limited by
a curve can be exactly found, and expressed in a finite number of
algebraic terms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ra*ge*na"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadragenarius</i>, fr. <i>qyadrageni</i> forty each.]
<def>Consisting of forty; forty years old.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ra*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>quadragena</i>, fr. L. <i>quadrageni</i> forty each, akin to
<i>quadraginta</i> forty.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>An indulgence of
forty days, corresponding to the forty days of ancient canonical
penance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Quad`ra*ges"i*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>quadragesimus</i> the fortieth, fr. <i>quadraginta</i> forty; akin
to <i>quattuor</i> four. See <u>Four</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The
forty days of fast preceding Easter; Lent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quadragesima Sunday</b></col>, <cd>the first Sunday in
Lent, about forty days before Easter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ra*ges"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>quadrag&eacute;simal</i>.] <def>Belonging to Lent; used in Lent;
Lenten.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ra*ges"i*mals</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>Offerings formerly made to the mother church of a diocese on Mid-
Lent Sunday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ran`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>quadrangulum</i>; <i>quattuor</i> four + <i>angulus</i> an angle.
See <u>Four</u>, and <u>Angle</u> a corner.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane figure having four
angles, and consequently four sides; any figure having four
angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A square or quadrangular space or
inclosure, such a space or court surrounded by buildings, esp. such a
court in a college or public school in England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*ran"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>quadrangulaire</i>.] <def>Having four angles, and consequently four
sides; tetragonal.</def> -- <wf>Quad*ran"gu*lar*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Quad"rans</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quadrantes</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A fourth part of the coin called an as. See 3d As,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fourth of a penny; a farthing. See
<u>Cur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quadrans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, a fourth part, a fourth of a whole, fr. <i>quattuor</i>
four: cf. F. <i>quadrant</i>, <i>cadran</i>. See <u>Four</u>, and cf.
<u>Cadrans</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fourth part; the
quarter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The quarter of a circle, or
of the circumference of a circle, an arc of 90&deg;, or one subtending
a right angle at the center.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anal. (Geom.)</i> <def>One of the four parts
into which a plane is divided by the co&ouml;rdinate axes. The upper
right-hand part is the <i>first quadrant</i>; the upper left-hand part
the <i>second</i>; the lower left-hand part the <i>third</i>; and the
lower right-hand part the <i>fourth quadrant</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for measuring altitudes,
variously constructed and mounted for different specific uses in
astronomy, surveying, gunnery, etc., consisting commonly of a
graduated arc of 90&deg;, with an index or vernier, and either plain
or telescopic sights, and usually having a plumb line or spirit level
for fixing the vertical or horizontal direction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gunner's quadrant</b></col>, <cd>an instrument consisting
of a graduated limb, with a plumb line or spirit level, and an arm by
which it is applied to a cannon or mortar in adjusting it to the
elevation required for attaining the desired range.</cd> --
<col><b>Gunter's quadrant</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Gunter's quadrant</u>,
in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Hadley's quadrant</b></col>, <cd>a
hand instrument used chiefly at sea to measure the altitude of the sun
or other celestial body in ascertaining the vessel's position. It
consists of a frame in the form of an octant having a graduated scale
upon its arc, and an index arm, or alidade pivoted at its apex.
Mirrors, called the index glass and the horizon glass, are fixed one
upon the index arm and the other upon one side of the frame,
respectively. When the instrument is held upright, the index arm may
be swung so that the index glass will reflect an image of the sun upon
the horizon glass, and when the reflected image of the sun coincides,
to the observer's eye, with the horizon as seen directly through an
opening at the side of the horizon glass, the index shows the sun's
altitude upon the scale; -- more properly, but less commonly, called
an <i>octant</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Quadrant of altitude</b></col>,
<cd>an appendage of the artificial globe, consisting of a slip of
brass of the length of a quadrant of one of the great circles of the
globe, and graduated. It may be fitted to the meridian, and being
movable round to all points of the horizon, serves as a scale in
measuring altitudes, azimuths, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quad*ran"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadrantalis</i> containing the fourth fourth part of a measure.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a quadrant; also, included in
the fourth part of a circle; as, <i>quadrantal</i> space.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quadrantal triangle</b></col>, <cd>a spherical triangle
having one side equal to a quadrant or arc of 90&deg;.</cd> --
<col><b>Quadrantal versor</b></col>, <cd>a versor that expresses
rotation through one right angle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quad*ran"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A cubical vessel containing a Roman cubic
foot, each side being a Roman square foot; -- used as a
measure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cube.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Quad"rat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quadrat</i>,
<i>cadrat</i>. See <u>Quadrate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>A block of type metal lower than the letters, --
used in spacing and in blank lines.</def> [Abbrev. quad.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old instrument used for taking
altitudes; -- called also <i>geometrical square</i>, and <i>line of
shadows</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>quadratus</i>
squared, p. p. of <i>quadrare</i> to make four-cornered, to make
square, to square, to fit, suit, from <i>quadrus</i> square,
<i>quattuor</i> four. See <u>Quadrant</u>, and cf. <u>Quadrat</u>,
<u>Quarry</u> an arrow, <u>Square</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
four equal sides, the opposite sides parallel, and four right angles;
square.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Figures, some round, some triangle, some
<i>quadrate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Produced by multiplying a number by itself;
square.</def> " <i>Quadrate</i> and cubical numbers."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Square; even; balanced; equal; exact.</def>
[Archaic] " A <i>quadrate</i>, solid, wise man."  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Squared; suited; correspondent.</def>
[Archaic] " A generical description <i>quadrate</i> to both."
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Quadrate bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone between
the base of the lower jaw and the skull in most vertebrates below the
mammals. In reptiles and birds it articulates the lower jaw with the
skull; in mammals it is represented by the malleus or incus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quad"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quadratum</i>.
See <u>Quadrate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane surface with four equal sides and four
right angles; a square; hence, figuratively, anything having the
outline of a square.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At which command, the powers militant<BR>
That stood for heaven, in mighty <i>quadrate</i> joined.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>An aspect of the heavenly
bodies in which they are distant from each other 90&deg;, or the
quarter of a circle; quartile. See the <u>Note</u> under
<u>Aspect</u>, 6.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The quadrate bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quadrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quadrating</u>.] [See <u>Quadrate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>To square; to agree; to suit; to correspond; -- followed by
<i>with</i>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The objections of these speculatists of its forms do
not <i>quadrate</i> with their theories.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quad"rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To adjust (a gun)
on its carriage; also, to train (a gun) for horizontal
firing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*rat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>quadratique</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a square, or to
squares; resembling a quadrate, or square; square.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Tetragonal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>Pertaining to terms of the
second degree; as, a <i>quadratic</i> equation, in which the highest
power of the unknown quantity is a square.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*rat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Alg.)</i>
<def>That branch of algebra which treats of quadratic
equations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*ra`to*ju"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the quadrate and jugal
bones.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the
quadratojugal bone.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quadratojugal bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quadratojugal bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone at
the base of the lower jaw in many animals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quad*ra"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-trixes</b></plw> (#), <i>or</i> <plw><b>-trices</b></plw>
(#). [NL.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A curve made use of in the quadrature
of other curves; as the <i>quadratrix</i>, of Dinostratus, or of
Tschirnhausen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ra*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadratura</i>: cf. F. <i>quadrature</i>. See <u>Quadrate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The act
of squaring; the finding of a square having the same area as some
given curvilinear figure; as, the <i>quadrature</i> of a circle; the
operation of finding an expression for the area of a figure bounded
wholly or in part by a curved line, as by a curve, two ordinates, and
the axis of abscissas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quadrate; a square.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Integral Calculus)</i> <def>The integral
used in obtaining the area bounded by a curve; hence, the definite
integral of the product of any function of one variable into the
differential of that variable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The position of one
heavenly body in respect to another when distant from it 90&deg;, or a
quarter of a circle, as the moon when at an equal distance from the
points of conjunction and opposition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quadrature of the moon</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
position of the moon when one half of the disk is illuminated.</cd> --
<col><b>Quadrature of an orbit</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a point
in an orbit which is at either extremity of the latus rectum drawn
through the empty focus of the orbit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quad"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>quadrello</i>,
LL. <i>quadrellus</i>, fr. L. <i>quadrus</i> square. See
<u>Quadrate</u>, and cf. <u>Quarrel</u> an arrow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A square piece of turf or peat.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A square brick, tile, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*ren"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadriennium</i> a space of four years; <i>quattuor</i> four +
<i>annus</i> year; cf. L. <i>quadriennis</i>. See <u>Quadrate</u>, and
<u>Annual</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Comprising four years; as, a
<i>quadrennial</i> period.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Occurring once in four years, or at the end
of every four years; as, <i>quadrennial</i> games.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*ren"ni*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once in
four years.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Quad*ren"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Quadrennial</u>.] <def>A space or period of four years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ri-</hw> (?). [L., from <i>quattuor</i> four. See
<u>Four</u>.] <def>A combining form meaning <i>four</i>, <i>four
times</i>, <i>fourfold</i>; as, <i>quadri</i>capsular, having
<i>four</i> capsules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*ba"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i> +
<i>basic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Tetrabasic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ri*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Quadrable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Quad"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the second degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ric</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A quantic of the second degree. See
<u>Quantic</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
surface whose equation in three variables is of the second degree.
Spheres, spheroids, ellipsoids, paraboloids, hyperboloids, also cones
and cylinders with circular bases, are quadrics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*cap"su*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-
</i> + <i>capsular</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having four
capsules.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Quad"ri*ceps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>qyattuor</i> four + <i>caput</i> head.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
great extensor muscle of the knee, divided above into four parts which
unite in a single tendon at the knee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the quadriceps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ri*corn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Quadricornous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any quadricornous
animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*cor"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i>
+ L. <i>cornu</i> horn: cf. F. <i>quadricorne</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having four horns, or hornlike organs; as, a
<i>quadricornous</i> beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*cos"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i>
+ <i>costate</i>.] <def>Having four ribs.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1172 !></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*den"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i>
+ <i>dentate</i>.] <def>Having four teeth; as, a <i>quadridentate</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*en"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Quadrennial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*fa"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadrifarius</i> fourfold, fr. <i>quattuor</i> four: cf. F.
<i>quadrifari&eacute;</i>.  Cf. <u>Multifarious</u>.] <def>Arranged in
four rows or ranks; as, <i>quadrifarious</i> leaves.</def>
<i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ri*fid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadrifidus</i>; <i>quattuor</i> four + <i>findere</i> to cleave:
cf. F. <i>quadrifide</i>.] <def>Divided, or deeply cleft, into four
parts; as, a <i>quadrifid</i> perianth; a <i>quadrifid</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quad"ri*foil</hw> (?), <hw>Quad`ri*fo"li*ate</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i> + L. <i>folium</i> leaf.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Four-leaved; having the leaves in whorls of
four.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*fur"ca*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-
</i> + <i>furcated</i>.] <def>Having four forks, or
branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Quad*ri"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quadrig&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Quadrijugous</u>.]
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A car or chariot drawn by four horses
abreast.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quad`ri*gem"i*nal</hw> (?), <hw>Quad`ri*gem"i*nous</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i> + L. <i>gemini</i> twins.]
<def>Fourfold; having four similar parts, or two pairs of similar
parts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quadrigeminal bodies</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>two
pairs of lobes, or elevations, on the dorsal side of the midbrain of
most mammals; the optic lobes. The anterior pair are called the
<i>nates</i>, and the posterior the <i>testes</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*ge*na"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadrigeni</i>, <i>quadringeni</i>, four hundred each.]
<def>Consisting of four hundred.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*rij"u*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Quadrijugous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*rij"u*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadrijugus</i> of a team of four; <i>quattuor</i> four +
<i>jugum</i> yoke.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pinnate, with four pairs of
leaflets; as, a <i>quadrijugous</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*lat"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadrilaterus</i>:  cf. F. <i>quadrilat&egrave;re</i>,
<i>quadrilat&eacute;ral</i>. See <u>Quadri-</u> and <u>Lateral</u>.]
<def>Having four sides, and consequently four angles;
quadrangular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*lat"er*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane figure having four sides, and consequently
four angles; a quadrangular figure; any figure formed by four
lines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An area defended by four fortresses
supporting each other; as, the Venetian <i>quadrilateral</i>,
comprising Mantua, Peschiera, Verona, and Legnano.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Complete quadrilateral</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the
figure made up of the six straight lines that can be drawn through
four points, <i>A</i>, <i>B</i>, <i>C</i>, <i>I</i>, the lines being
supposed to be produced indefinitely.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*lat"er*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
property of being quadrilateral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*lit"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-
</i> + <i>literal</i>.] <def>Consisting of four letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qua*drille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>quadrille</i>, n. fem., fr. Sp. <i>cuadrilla</i> meeting of four or
more persons or It. <i>quadriglia</i> a band of soldiers, a sort of
dance; dim. fr. L. <i>quadra</i> a square, fr. <i>quattuor</i> four.
See <u>Quadrate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dance having five
figures, in common time, four couples of dancers being in each
set.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The appropriate music for a
quadrille.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qua*drille"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quadrille</i>, n.
masc., cf. It. <i>quadriglio</i>; or perhaps from the Spanish. See
<u>Quadrille</u> a dance.] <def>A game played by four persons with
forty cards, being the remainder of an ordinary pack after the tens,
nines, and eights are discarded.</def>  <i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quad*ril"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>quater</i> four times, akin to <i>quattuor</i> four, E.
<i>four</i>; -- formed like <i>million</i>. See <u>Four</u>,
<u>Million</u>.] <def>According to the French notation, which is
followed also upon the Continent and in the United States, a unit with
fifteen ciphers annexed; according to the English notation, the number
produced by involving a million to the fourth power, or the number
represented by a unit with twenty-four ciphers annexed. See the Note
under <u>Numeration</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quad`ri*lo"bate</hw> (?), <hw>Quad`ri*lobed</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i> + <i>lobe</i>: cf. F.
<i>quadrilob&eacute;</i>.] <def>Having four lobes; as, a
<i>quadrilobate</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*loc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-
</i> + <i>locular</i>: cf. F. <i>quadriloculaire</i>.] <def>Having
four cells, or cavities; as, a <i>quadrilocular</i> heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., fr. L.
<i>quadrini</i> four each, fr. <i>quattuor</i> four.] <def>A small
piece of money, in value about a farthing, or a half cent.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*nod"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i> +
<i>nodal</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Possessing four nodes; as,
<i>quadrinodal</i> curves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*no"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i>
+ <i>nomial</i>, as in <i>binomial</i>: cf. F.
<i>quadrin&ocirc;me</i>.] <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A polynomial of four
terms connected by the signs plus or minus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*nom"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Quadrinomial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*nom"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-
</i> + <i>nominal</i>.] <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>Quadrinomial.</def>  <i>Sir
W. R. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quad*rip"ar*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadripartitus</i>, p. p. of <i>quadripartire</i> to divide into
four parts; <i>quattuor</i> four + <i>partire</i> to divide: cf. F.
<i>quadripartite</i>.] <def>Divided into four parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*rip"ar*tite*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In four
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*par*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadripartitio</i>: cf. F. <i>quadripartition</i>.] <def>A division
or distribution by four, or into four parts; also, a taking the fourth
part of any quantity or number.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*pen"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i>
+ <i>pennate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having four wings; -- said
of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*riph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri</i>
+ Gr. &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having four leaves;
quadrifoliate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ri*reme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadriremis</i>; <i>quattuor</i> four + <i>remus</i> an oar: cf. F.
<i>quadrir&egrave;me</i>.] <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A galley with four
banks of oars or rowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*sec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i>
+ <i>section</i>.] <def>A subdivision into four parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*sul"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri</i>
+ <i>sulcate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having four hoofs; as, a
<i>quadrisulcate</i> foot; a <i>quadrisulcate</i> animal.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quad`ri*syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Quad`ri-syl*lab"ic*al</hw>
(?), }<def>Having four syllables; of or pertaining to quadrisyllables;
as, a <i>quadrisyllabic</i> word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*syl"la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-
</i> + <i>syllable</i>: cf. F. <i>quadrisyllabe</i>.] <def>A word
consisting of four syllables.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quad*riv"a*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The quality or state of being quadrivalent;
tetravalence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*riv"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i>
+ L. <i>valens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr.  See <u>Valence</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having a valence of four; capable of combining
with, being replaced by, or compared with, four monad atoms;
tetravalent; -- said of certain atoms and radicals; thus, carbon and
silicon are <i>quadrivalent</i> elements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ri*valve</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i> +
<i>valve</i>:  cf. F. <i>quadrivalve</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Dehiscent into four similar parts; four-valved; as, a
<i>quadrivalve</i> pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ri*valve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
door, shutter, or the like, having four folds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad`ri*val"vu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
four valves; quadrivalve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*riv"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadrivium</i> a place where four ways meet; <i>quattuor</i> four +
<i>via</i> way.] <def>Having four ways meeting in a point.</def>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quad*riv"i*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the four
"liberal arts" making up the quadrivium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Quad*riv"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>The
four "liberal arts," arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy; -- so
called by the schoolmen. See <u>Trivium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*roon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quarteron</i>,
or Sp. <i>cuarteron</i>. See <u>Quarter</u> a fourth part, and cf.
<u>Quarteron</u>.] <def>The offspring of a mulatto and a white person;
a person quarter-blooded.</def> [Written also <i>quarteron</i>,
<i>quarteroon</i>, and <i>quateron</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quad*rox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quadri-</i> +
<i>oxide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A tetroxide.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Quad*ru"ma*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Quadrumane</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of the
Primates comprising the apes and monkeys; -- so called because the
hind foot is usually prehensile, and the great toe opposable somewhat
like a thumb. Formerly the <i>Quadrumana</i> were considered an order
distinct from the Bimana, which last included man alone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ru*mane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quattuor</i>
four + <i>manus</i> a hand: cf. F. <i>quadrumane</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Quadrumana.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*ru"ma*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having four hands; of or pertaining to the
Quadrumana.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ru*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadrupes</i>, <i>-pedis</i>; <i>quattuor</i> four + <i>pes</i>,
<i>pedis</i>, a foot: cf. F. <i>quadrup&egrave;de</i>. See
<u>Quadrate</u>, and <u>Foot</u>.] <def>Having four feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ru*ped</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An animal having four feet, as most mammals and reptiles; --
often restricted to the mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*ru"pe*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having four feet; of or pertaining to a
quadruped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ru*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadruplus</i>, from <i>quattuor</i> four: cf. F.
<i>quadruple</i>. See <u>Quadrate</u>, and cf. <u>Double</u>.]
<def>Fourfold; as, to make <i>quadruple</i> restitution; a
<i>quadruple</i> alliance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quadruple time</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>that in which
each measure is divided into four equal parts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ru*ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>quadruple</i>, L. <i>quadruplum</i>.] <def>four times the sum or
number; a fourfold amount; as, to receive to <i>quadruple</i> of the
amount in damages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ru*ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quadrupled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quadrupling</u> (?).] [L. <i>quadruplare</i>: cf. F.
<i>quadrupler</i>.] <def>To multiply by four; to increase fourfold; to
double; to double twice.</def>  <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ru*ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be multiplied
by four; to increase fourfold; to become four times as much.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ru*plex</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>quattuor</i> four + <i>plicare</i> to fold.] <def>Fourfold; folded
or doubled twice.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quadruplex system</b></col> <i>(Electric Telegraph)</i>,
<cd>a system by which four messages, two in each direction, may be
sent simultaneously over the wire.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quad*ru"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Quadruplicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Quadruplicating</u>.] [L.
<i>quadruplicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>quadruplicare</i>, fr.
<i>quadruple</i>&?; fourfold. See <u>Quadruplex</u>.] <def>To make
fourfold; to double twice; to quadruple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad*ru"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadruplicatus</i>, p. p.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fourfold; doubled twice; four times
repeated; as, a <i>quadruplicate</i> ratio, or a <i>quadruplicate</i>
proportion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Raised to the fourth
power.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Quad`ru*pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quadruplicatio</i>: cf. F. <i>quadruplication</i>.] <def>The act of
making fourfold; a taking four times the simple sum or
amount.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ru*ply</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To a fourfold
quantity; so as to be, or cause to be, quadruple; as, to be
<i>quadruply</i> recompensed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Qu&aelig;"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. imperative.</i></pos> [L.,
imperative of <i>quaerere</i> to seek.] <def>Inquire; question; see; -
- used to signify doubt or to suggest investigation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Qu&aelig;s"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Same
as <u>Questor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quaff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quaffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quaffing</u>.] [For <i>quach</i>, fr. Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>cuach</i> a
drinking cup; cf. L. <i>caucus</i> a drinking vessel.  Cf.
<u>Quaigh</u>.] <def>To drink with relish; to drink copiously of; to
swallow in large draughts.</def> "<i>Quaffed</i> off the muscadel."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They eat, they drink, and in communion sweet<BR>
<i>Quaff</i> immortality and joy.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quaff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drink largely
or luxuriously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Twelve days the gods their solemn revels keep,<BR>
And <i>quaff</i> with blameless Ethiops in the deep.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quaff"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who quaffs, or
drinks largely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quagmire.</def> [R.]
"Crooked or straight, through <i>quags</i> or thorny dells."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quag"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hottentot.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South African wild ass (<i>Equus, or
Hippotigris, quagga</i>). The upper parts are reddish brown, becoming
paler behind and behind and beneath, with dark stripes on the face,
neck, and fore part of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[See <u>Quag</u>,
<u>Quagmire</u>.] <def>Of the nature of a quagmire; yielding or
trembling under the foot, as soft, wet earth; spongy; boggy.</def>
"O'er the watery strath, or <i>quaggy</i> moss."  <i>Collins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quag"mire`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quake</i> +
<i>mire</i>.] <def>Soft, wet, miry land, which shakes or yields under
the feet.</def> "A spot surrounded by <i>quagmires</i>, which rendered
it difficult of access."  <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Morass; marsh; bog; swamp; fen; slough.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Qua"hog</hw>, <hw>Qua"haug</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Abbrev. fr. Narragansett Indian <i>poqua&ucirc;hock</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American market clam (<i>Venus
mercenaria</i>). It is sold in large quantities, and is highly valued
as food. Called also <i>round clam</i>, and <i>hard
clam</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to other allied species, as
<i>Venus Mortoni</i> of the Gulf of Mexico.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Quaigh</hw>, <hw>Quaich</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gael. <i>cuach</i>.  Cf. <u>Quaff</u>.] <def>A small shallow cup or
drinking vessel.</def> [Scot.] [Written also <i>quegh</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quail</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Qualled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Qualling</u>.] [AS. <i>cwelan</i> to die, perish; akin to
<i>cwalu</i> violent death, D. <i>kwaal</i> pain, G. <i>qual</i>
torment, OHG. <i>quelan</i> to suffer torment, Lith. <i>gelti</i> to
hurt, <i>gela</i> pain.  Cf. <u>Quell</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
die; to perish; hence, to wither; to fade.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become quelled; to become cast down; to
sink under trial or apprehension of danger; to lose the spirit and
power of resistance; to lose heart; to give way; to shrink; to
cower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The atheist power shall <i>quail</i>, and confess his
fears. <i>I</i>. <i>Taylor</i>.<BR>
Stouter hearts than a woman's have <i>quailed</i> in this terrible
winter.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- to cower; flinch; shrink; quake; tremble; blench;
succumb; yield.</p>

<p><hw>Quail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Quell</u>.] <def>To
cause to fail in spirit or power; to quell; to crush; to subdue.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quail</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OF. <i>coaillier</i>, F.
<i>cailler</i>, from L. <i>coagulare</i>. See <u>Coagulate</u>.]
<def>To curdle; to coagulate, as milk.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>quaille</i>, F.
<i>caille</i>, LL. <i>quaquila</i>, <i>qualia</i>, <i>qualea</i>, of
Dutch or German origin; cf. D. <i>kwakkel</i>, <i>kwartel</i>, OHG.
<i>wahtala</i>, G. <i>wachtel</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any gallinaceous bird
belonging to <i>Coturnix</i> and several allied genera of the Old
World, especially the common European quail (<i>C. communis</i>), the
rain quail (<i>C. Coromandelica</i>) of India, the stubble quail
(<i>C. pectoralis</i>), and the Australian swamp quail (<i>Synoicus
australis</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
American partridges belonging to <i>Colinus</i>, <i>Callipepla</i>,
and allied genera, especially the bobwhite (called <i>Virginia
quail</i>, and <i>Maryland quail</i>), and the California quail
(<i>Calipepla Californica</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of Turnix and allied genera, native of the Old World, as the
Australian painted quail (<i>Turnix varius</i>). See
<u>Turnix</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A prostitute; -- so called because the
quail was thought to be a very amorous bird.</def>[Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bustard quail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
Asiatic quail-like bird of the genus Turnix, as <i>T. taigoor</i>, a
black-breasted species, and the hill <i>bustard quail</i> (<i>T.
ocellatus</i>). See <u>Turnix</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Button
quail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of several small Asiatic
species of Turnix, as <i>T. Sykesii</i>, which is said to be the
smallest game bird of India.</cd> -- <col><b>Mountain quail</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Mountain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Quail call</b></col>,
<cd>a call or pipe for alluring quails into a net or within
range.</cd> -- <col><b>Quail dove</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several American ground pigeons belonging to
<i>Geotrygon</i> and allied genera.</cd> -- <col><b>Quail
hawk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the New Zealand sparrow hawk
(<i>Hieracidea Nov&aelig;-Hollandi&aelig;</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Quail
pipe</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Quail call</i>, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Quail snipe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the dowitcher,
or red-breasted snipe; -- called also <i>robin snipe</i>, and <i>brown
snipe</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea quail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the turnstone.</cd> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><! p. 1173 !></p>

<p><hw>Quail"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Quail</u> the
bird.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The upland plover.</def>
[Canadian]</p>

<p><hw>Quaint</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>queint</i>,
<i>queynte</i>, <i>coint</i>, prudent, wise, cunning, pretty, odd, OF.
<i>cointe</i> cultivated, amiable, agreeable, neat, fr. L.
<i>cognitus</i> known, p. p. of <i>cognoscere</i> to know; <i>con +
noscere</i> (for <i>gnoscere</i>) to know. See <u>Know</u>, and cf.
<u>Acquaint</u>, <u>Cognition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Prudent;
wise; hence, crafty; artful; wily.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Clerks be full subtle and full
<i>quaint</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by ingenuity or art; finely
fashioned; skillfully wrought; elegant; graceful; nice; neat.</def>
[Archaic] " The <i>queynte</i> ring." " His <i>queynte</i> spear."
<i>Chaucer.</i> " A shepherd young <i>quaint</i>."
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every look was coy and wondrous
<i>quaint</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To show bow <i>quaint</i> an orator you
are.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Curious and fanciful; affected; odd;
whimsical; antique; archaic; singular; unusual; as, <i>quaint</i>
architecture; a <i>quaint</i> expression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some stroke of <i>quaint</i> yet simple
pleasantry.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An old, long-faced, long-bodied servant in
<i>quaint</i> livery.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Quaint</u>, <u>Odd</u>, <u>Antique</u>.
<i>Antique</i> is applied to that which has come down from the
ancients, or which is made to imitate some ancient work of art.
<i>Odd</i> implies disharmony, incongruity, or unevenness. An
<i>odd</i> thing or person is an exception to general rules of
calculation and procedure, or expectation and common experience. In
the current use of <i>quaint</i>, the two ideas of <i>odd</i> and
<i>antique</i> are combined, and the word is commonly applied to that
which is pleasing by reason of both these qualities.  Thus, we speak
of the <i>quaint</i> architecture of many old buildings in London; or
a <i>quaint</i> expression, uniting at once the antique and the
fanciful.</p>

<p><hw>Quain"tise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>cointise</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Craft; subtlety;
cunning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. R. of Glouces.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Elegance; beauty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quaint"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a quaint
manner.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quaint"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being quaint.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quair</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Quire</u>.]
<def>A quire; a book.</def> [Obs.] "The king's <i>quhair</i>."
<i>James I. (of Scotland).</i></p>

<p><hw>Quake</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quaking</u>.] [AS. <i>cwacian</i>; cf. G. <i>quackeln</i>.  Cf.
<u>Quagmire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be agitated with quick,
short motions continually repeated; to shake with fear, cold, etc.; to
shudder; to tremble.</def> "<i>Quaking</i> for dread."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She stood <i>quaking</i> like the partridge on which
the hawk is ready to seize.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shake, vibrate, or quiver, either from
not being solid, as soft, wet land, or from violent convulsion of any
kind; as, the earth <i>quakes</i>; the mountains <i>quake</i>.</def> "
Over <i>quaking</i> bogs."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quake</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>cweccan</i> to
move, shake. See <u>Quake</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To cause
to quake.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tremulous agitation; a
quick vibratory movement; a shudder; a quivering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who quakes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a religious sect founded by George
<u>Fox</u>, of Leicestershire, England, about 1650, -- the members of
which call themselves <i>Friends</i>. They were called Quakers,
originally, in derision. See <u>Friend</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
4.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fox's teaching was primarily a preaching of repentance
. . . The trembling among the listening crowd caused or confirmed the
name of <i>Quakers</i> given to the body; men and women sometimes fell
down and lay struggling as if for life.</blockquote> <i>Encyc.
Brit.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
nankeen bird.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sooty
albatross.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Any grasshopper or locust of
the genus (<i>Edipoda</i>; -- so called from the quaking noise made
during flight.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quaker buttons</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Nux
vomica</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Quaker gun</b></col>, <cd>a dummy cannon
made of wood or other material; -- so called because the sect of
Friends, or Quakers, hold to the doctrine, of nonresistance.</cd> --
<col><b>Quaker ladies</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low American
biennial plant (<i>Houstonia c&aelig;rulea</i>), with pretty four-
lobed corollas which are pale blue with a yellowish center; -- also
called <i>bluets</i>, and <i>little innocents</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quak"er*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who is a
member of the Society of Friends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quak"er*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like or pertaining
to a Quaker; Quakerlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quak"er*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The peculiar
character, manners, tenets, etc., of the Quakers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quak"er*like</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
Quaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quak"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling Quakers;
Quakerlike; Quakerish.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quak"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quakerism.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quake"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A wagtail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quak"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being quaky; liability to quake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quak"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Quake</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Quaking aspen</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American
species of poplar (<i>Populus tremuloides</i>), the leaves of which
tremble in the lightest breeze. It much resembles the European aspen.
See <u>Aspen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Quaking bog</b></col>, <cd>a bog of
forming peat so saturated with water that it shakes when trodden
upon.</cd> -- <col><b>Quaking grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One of several grasses of the genus
<i>Briza</i>, having slender-stalked and pendulous ovate spikelets,
which quake and rattle in the wind. <i>Briza maxima</i> is the large
quaking grass; <i>B. media</i> and <i>B. minor</i> are the smaller
kinds.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Rattlesnake grass (<i>Glyceria
Canadensis</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quak"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a quaking
manner; fearfully.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaky, or tremulous;
quaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qual"i*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being qualified; abatable; modifiable.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qual`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>qualification</i>. See <u>Qualify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of qualifying, or the condition of being qualified.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which qualifies; any natural
endowment, or any acquirement, which fits a person for a place,
office, or employment, or which enables him to sustian any character
with success; an enabling quality or circumstance; requisite capacity
or possession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no <i>qualification</i> for government but
virtue and wisdom, actual or presumptive.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of limiting, or the state of being
limited; that which qualifies by limiting; modification; restriction;
hence, abatement; diminution; as, to use words without any
<i>qualification</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qual"i*fi*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which qualifies, modifies, or restricts; a qualifying term or
statement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How many <i>qualificatives</i>, correctives, and
restrictives he inserteth in this relation.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qual"i*fi*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <def>An officer whose business it is to examine and prepare
causes for trial in the ecclesiastical courts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qual"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fitted by accomplishments or endowments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Modified; limited; as, a <i>qualified</i>
statement.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Qualified fee</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a base fee, or an
estate which has a qualification annexed to it, the fee ceasing with
the qualification, as a grant to A and his heirs, <i>tenants of the
manor of Dale</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Qualified indorsement</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an indorsement which modifies the liability of the
indorser that would result from the general principles of law, but
does not affect the negotiability of the instrument.</cd>
<i>Story.</i> -- <col><b>Qualified negative</b></col>
<i>(Legislation)</i>, <cd>a limited veto power, by which the chief
executive in a constitutional government may refuse assent to bills
passed by the legislative body, which bills therefore fail to become
laws unless upon a reconsideration the legislature again passes them
by a certain majority specified in the constitution, when they become
laws without the approval of the executive.</cd> -- <col><b>Qualified
property</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that which depends on temporary
possession, as that in wild animals reclaimed, or as in the case of a
bailment.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Competent; fit; adapted.  -- <u>Qualified</u>,
<u>Competent</u>. <i>Competent</i> is most commonly used with respect
to native endowments and general ability suited to the performance of
a task or duty; <i>qualified</i> with respect to specific acquirements
and training.</p>

<p><hw>Qual"i*fied`ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the way of
qualification; with modification or qualification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qual"i*fied`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being qualified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qual"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, qualifies; that which modifies, reduces, tempers or
restrains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qual"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Qualified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Qualifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>qualifier</i>, LL. <i>qualificare</i>,
fr. L. <i>qualis</i> how constituted, as + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.)
to make. See <u>Quality</u>, and <u>-Fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make such as is required; to give added or requisite qualities
to; to fit, as for a place, office, occupation, or character; to
furnish with the knowledge, skill, or other accomplishment necessary
for a purpose; to make capable, as of an employment or privilege; to
supply with legal power or capacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>qualified</i> himself for municipal office by
taking the oaths to the sovereigns in possession.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give individual quality to; to modulate;
to vary; to regulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It hath no larynx . . . to <i>qualify</i> the sound.
</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reduce from a general, undefined, or
comprehensive form, to particular or restricted form; to modify; to
limit; to restrict; to restrain; as, to <i>qualify</i> a statement,
claim, or proposition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to soften; to abate; to diminish; to
assuage; to reduce the strength of, as liquors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not seek to quench your love's hot fire,<BR>
But <i>qualify</i> the fire's extreme rage.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To soothe; to cure; -- said of
persons.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In short space he has them
<i>qualified</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fit; equip; prepare; adapt; capacitate; enable;
modify; soften; restrict; restrain; temper.</p>

<p><hw>Qual"i*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be or become qualified; to be fit, as for an office or
employment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obtain legal power or capacity by taking
the oath, or complying with the forms required, on assuming an
office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qual"i*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>gualitativus</i>, F. <i>qualitatif</i>.] <def>Relating to quality;
having the character of quality.</def> -- <wf>Qual"i*ta*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Qualitative analysis</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>analysis
which merely determines the constituents of a substance without any
regard to the quantity of each ingredient; -- contrasted with
<i>quantitative analysis</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Qual"i*tied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
qualities; endowed.</def> [Obs.] "He was well <i>qualitied</i>."
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qual"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Qualities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>qualit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>qualitas</i>, fr. <i>qualis</i> how constituted, as; akin to E.
<i>which</i>. See <u>Which</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition
of being of such and such a sort as distinguished from others; nature
or character relatively considered, as of goods; character; sort;
rank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We lived most joyful, obtaining acquaintance with many
of the city not of the meanest <i>quality</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Special or temporary character; profession;
occupation; assumed or asserted rank, part, or position.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I made that inquiry in <i>quality</i> of an
antiquary.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which makes, or helps to make,
anything such as it is; anything belonging to a subject, or predicable
of it; distinguishing property, characteristic, or attribute; peculiar
power, capacity, or virtue; distinctive trait; as, the tones of a
flute differ from those of a violin in <i>quality</i>; the great
<i>quality</i> of a statesman.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Qualities</i>, in metaphysics, are <i>primary</i> or
<i>secondary</i>. <i>Primary</i> are those essential to the existence,
and even the conception, of the thing, as of matter or spirit
<i>Secondary</i> are those not essential to such a conception.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An acquired trait; accomplishment;
acquisition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had those <i>qualities</i> of horsemanship, dancing,
and fencing which accompany a good breeding.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Superior birth or station; high rank;
elevated character.</def> "Persons of <i>quality</i>."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Quality binding</b></col>, <cd>a kind of worsted tape used
in Scotland for binding carpets, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>The
quality</b></col>, <cd>those of high rank or station, as distinguished
from <i>the masses</i>, or common people; the nobility; the
gentry.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall appear at the masquerade dressed up in my
feathers, that <i>the quality</i> may see how pretty they will look in
their traveling habits.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Property; attribute; nature; peculiarity; character;
sort; rank; disposition; temper.</p>

<p><hw>Qualm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cwealm</i> death,
slaughter, pestilence, akin to OS. &amp; OHG. <i>qualm</i>. See
<u>Quail</u> to cower.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sickness; disease;
pestilence; death.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote> thousand slain and not of <i>qualm</i> ystorve
[dead].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden attack of illness, faintness, or
pain; an agony.</def> " <i>Qualms</i> of heartsick agony."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Especially, a sudden sensation of
nausea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For who, without a <i>qualm</i>, hath ever looked<BR>
On holy garbage, though by Homer cooked?</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A prick or scruple of conscience;
uneasiness of conscience; compunction.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qualm"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sick at the stomach;
affected with nausea or sickly languor; inclined to vomit.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Qualm"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Qualm"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Quam"ash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Camass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quam"o*clit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a bean +
&?; to bend, to slope.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Formerly, a genus of plants
including the cypress vine (<i>Quamoclit vulgaris</i>, now called
<i>Ipom&oelig;a Quamoclit</i>). The genus is now merged in
Ipom&oelig;a.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quan"da*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quandaries</b></plw> (#). [Prob. fr. OE. <i>wandreth</i>
adversity, perplexity, Icel. <i>wandr&aelig;&eth;i</i> difficulty,
trouble, fr. <i>vandr</i> difficult.] <def>A state of difficulty or
perplexity; doubt; uncertainty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quan"da*ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bring into a
state of uncertainty, perplexity, or difficulty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quan"dong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
edible drupaceous fruit of an Australian tree (<i>Fusanus
acuminatus</i>) of the Sandalwood family; -- called also
<i>quandang</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quan"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The old squaw.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Quan"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flat file having
the handle at one side, so as to be used like a plane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A punting pole with a
broad flange near the end to prevent it from sinking into the mud; a
setting pole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quan"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quantus</i> how
much. See <u>Quantity</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A homogeneous
algebraic function of two or more variables, in general containing
only positive integral powers of the variables, and called
<i>quadric</i>, <i>cubic</i>, <i>quartic</i>, etc., according as it is
of the second, third, fourth, fifth, or a higher degree. These are
further called <i>binary</i>, <i>ternary</i>, <i>quaternary</i>, etc.,
according as they contain two, three, four, or more variables; thus,
the <i>quantic &?;</i> is a <i>binary cubic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quan`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Quantity</u>.] <def>Modification by a reference to quantity; the
introduction of the element of quantity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>quantification</i> of the predicate belongs in
part to Sir William Hamilton; viz., in its extension to negative
propositions.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quan"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>quantus</i>
now much + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To modify or qualify with respect to
quantity; to fix or express the quantity of; to rate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quan"ti*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>quantitatif</i>.] <def>Relating to quantity.</def> --
<wf>Quan"ti*ta*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Quantitative analysis</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>analysis which determines the amount or quantity of each
ingredient of a substance, by weight or by volume; -- contrasted with
<i>qualitative analysis</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quan"ti*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Quantity</u>.] <def>Estimable according to quantity;
quantitative.</def>  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quan"ti*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to be
measurable by quantity; quantitatively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quan"ti*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quantities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>quantite</i>, L.
<i>quantitas</i>, fr. <i>quantus</i> bow great, how much, akin to
<i>quam</i> bow, E. <i>how</i>, <i>who</i>. See <u>Who</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The attribute of being so much, and not
more or less; the property of being measurable, or capable of increase
and decrease, multiplication and division; greatness; and more
concretely, that which answers the question "How much?"; measure in
regard to bulk or amount; determinate or comparative dimensions;
measure; amount; bulk; extent; size.</def> Hence, in specific uses:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The extent or extension of a
general conception, that is, the number of species or individuals to
which it may be applied; also, its content or comprehension, that is,
the number of its constituent qualities, attributes, or
relations.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The measure
of a syllable; that which determines the time in which it is
pronounced; as, the long or short <i>quantity</i> of a vowel or
syllable.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The relative
duration of a tone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which can be increased, diminished, or
measured; especially <i>(Math.)</i>, anything to which mathematical
processes are applicable.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Quantity is <i>discrete</i> when it is applied to separate
objects, as in number; <i>continuous</i>, when the parts are
connected, either in succession, as in time, motion, etc., or in
extension, as by the dimensions of space, viz., length, breadth, and
thickness.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A determinate or estimated amount; a sum or
bulk; a certain portion or part; sometimes, a considerable amount; a
large portion, bulk, or sum; as, a medicine taken in
<i>quantities</i>, that is, in large quantities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>quantity</i> of extensive and curious
information which he had picked up during many months of desultory,
but not unprofitable, study.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Quantity of estate</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>its time of
continuance, or degree of interest, as in fee, for life, or for
years.</cd> <i>Wharton (Law Dict. )</i> -- <col><b>Quantity of
matter</b></col>, <cd>in a body, its mass, as determined by its
weight, or by its momentum under a given velocity.</cd> --
<col><b>Quantity of motion</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>in a body,
the relative amount of its motion, as measured by its momentum,
varying as the product of mass and velocity.</cd> -- <col><b>Known
quantities</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>quantities whose values are
given.</cd> -- <col><b>Unknown quantities</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>quantities whose values are sought.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1174 !></p>

<p><hw>Quan*tiv"a*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quant</i>us how much + E. <i>valence</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Valence.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Quan*tiv"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to quantivalence.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Quan"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quanta</b></plw> (#). [L., neuter of <i>quantus</i> how great,
how much. See <u>Quantity</u>,] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quantity;
amount.</def> "Without authenticating . . . the <i>quantum</i> of the
charges."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A definite portion of a
manifoldness, limited by a mark or by a boundary.</def>  <i>W. K.
Clifford.</i></p>

<p><col><b>||Quantum meruit</b></col> (&?;) [L., as much as he
merited] <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a count in an action grounded on a promise
that the defendant would pay to the plaintiff for his service as much
as he should deserve.</cd> -- <col><b>||Quantum sufficit</b></col>
(&?;), or <col><b>Quantum suff.</b></col> [L., as much suffices]
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a sufficient quantity.</cd> -- <col><b>||Quantum
valebat</b></col> (&?;) [L., as much at it was worth] <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>a count in an action to recover of the defendant, for goods sold,
as much as they were worth.</cd>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To quaver.</def>
[Obs.] See <u>Quob</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Qua`qua*ver"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quaqua</i> wheresoever, whithersoever + <i>versus</i>, p. p. of
<i>vertere</i> to turn.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Turning or dipping in
any or every direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Dipping toward all points of
the compass round a center, as beds of lava round a crater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quarry.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"an*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>quarantaine</i>, OF. <i>quaranteine</i>, fr. F. <i>quarante</i>
forty, L. <i>quadraginta</i>, akin to <i>quattuor</i> four, and E.
<i>four</i>: cf. It. <i>quarantina</i>, <i>quarentine</i>. See
<u>Four</u>, and cf. <u>Quadragesima</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
space of forty days; -- used of Lent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the term, originally of forty
days, during which a ship arriving in port, and suspected of being
infected a malignant contagious disease, is obliged to forbear all
intercourse with the shore; hence, such restraint or inhibition of
intercourse; also, the place where infected or prohibited vessels are
stationed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Quarantine</i> is now applied also to any forced stoppage
of travel or communication on account of malignant contagious disease,
on land as well as by sea.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The period of forty days
during which the widow had the privilege of remaining in the mansion
house of which her husband died seized.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quarantine flag</b></col>, <cd>a yellow flag hoisted at the
fore of a vessel or hung from a building, to give warning of an
infectious disease; -- called also the <i>yellow jack</i>, and
<i>yellow flag</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quar`an*tine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Quarantined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Quarantining</u>.] <def>To compel to remain at a
distance, or in a given place, without intercourse, when suspected of
having contagious disease; to put under, or in, quarantine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quarl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>qualle</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A medusa, or jellyfish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The jellied <i>quarl</i> that flings<BR>
At once a thousand streaming stings.</blockquote> <i>J. R.
Drake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>quarel</i>, OF.
<i>quarrel</i>, F. <i>carreau</i>, LL. <i>quadrellus</i>, from L.
<i>quadrus</i> square. See <u>Quadrate</u>, and cf. <u>Quadrel</u>,
<u>Quarry</u> an arrow, <u>Carrel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
arrow for a crossbow; -- so named because it commonly had a square
head.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To shoot with arrows and <i>quarrel</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Mandeville.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two arblasts, . . . with windlaces and
<i>quarrels</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Any small square or
quadrangular member</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A square of
glass, esp. when set diagonally.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
small opening in window tracery, of which the cusps, etc., make the
form nearly square.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A square or
lozenge-shaped paving tile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A glazier's diamond.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A four-sided cutting tool or chisel having
a diamond-shaped end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"rel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>querele</i>, OF.
<i>querele</i>, F. <i>querelle</i>, fr. L. <i>querela</i>,
<i>querella</i>, a complaint, fr. <i>queri</i> to complain. See
<u>Querulous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A breach of concord, amity,
or obligation; a falling out; a difference; a disagreement; an
antagonism in opinion, feeling, or conduct; esp., an angry dispute,
contest, or strife; a brawl; an altercation; as, he had a
<i>quarrel</i> with his father about expenses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will bring a sword upon you that shall avenge the
<i>quarrel</i> of my covenant.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xxvi. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On open seas their <i>quarrels</i> they
debate.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ground of objection, dislike, difference,
or hostility; cause of dispute or contest; occasion of
altercation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Herodias had a <i>quarrel</i> against him, and would
have killed him.</blockquote> <i>Mark vi. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No man hath any <i>quarrel</i> to me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He thought he had a good <i>quarrel</i> to attack
him.</blockquote> <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Earnest desire or longing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To pick a quarrel</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Pick</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Brawl; broil; squabble; affray; feud; tumult;
contest; dispute; altercation; contention; wrangle.</p>

<p><hw>Quar"rel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quarreled</u> (?) or <u>Quarrelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Quarreling</u> or <u>Quarrelling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To violate concord or agreement; to have a
difference; to fall out; to be or become antagonistic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our people <i>quarrel</i> with obedience.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But some defect in her<BR>
Did <i>quarrel</i> with the noblest grace she owed.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dispute angrily, or violently; to
wrangle; to scold; to altercate; to contend; to fight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beasts called sociable <i>quarrel</i> in hunger and
lust.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To find fault; to cavil; as, to
<i>quarrel</i> with one's lot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not <i>quarrel</i> with a slight
mistake.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To quarrel with.</def> [R.] "I had <i>quarelled</i> my brother
purposely."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To compel by a quarrel; as, to
<i>quarrel</i> a man out of his estate or rights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>quarreller</i>.] <def>One who quarrels or wrangles; one who is
quarrelsome.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"rel*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
quarrel. See 1st <u>Quarrel</u>, 2.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Quarrelets</i> of
pearl [teeth]."  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"rel*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Engaged in a
quarrel; apt or disposed to quarrel; as, <i>quarreling</i> factions; a
<i>quarreling</i> mood.</def> -- <wf>Quar"rel*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Quar"rel*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>querelous</i>, F. <i>querelleux</i>, L. <i>querulosus</i> and
<i>querulus</i>, fr. <i>queri</i> to complain. See 2d <u>Quarrel</u>.]
<def>Quarrelsome.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>quarrellous</i>.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"rel*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt or
disposed to quarrel; given to brawls and contention; easily irritated
or provoked to contest; irascible; choleric.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pugnacious; irritable; irascible; brawling;
choleric; fiery; petulant.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Quar"rel*some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Quar"rel*some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided with
prey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now I am bravely <i>quarried</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau.
& Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A worker in a
stone quarry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>quarre</i>, OF.
<i>quarr&eacute;</i> square, F. <i>carr&eacute;</i>, from L.
<i>quadratus</i> square, quadrate, <i>quadratum</i> a square. See
<u>Quadrate</u>, and cf. <u>Quarrel</u> an arrow.] <def>Same as 1st
<u>Quarrel</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>quarr&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Quadrate; square.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Quar"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quarries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>querre</i>, OF.
<i>cuiri&eacute;e</i>, F. <i>cur&eacute;e</i>, fr. <i>cuir</i> hide,
leather, fr. L. <i>corium</i>; the <i>quarry</i> given to the dogs
being wrapped in the akin of the beast. See <u>Cuirass</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A part of the entrails of
the beast taken, given to the hounds.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
heap of game killed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The object of the chase; the animal hunted
for; game; especially, the game hunted with hawks.</def> "The stone-
dead <i>quarry</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wily <i>quarry</i> shunned the shock.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To secure prey; to
prey, as a vulture or harpy.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>quarrere</i>, OF.
<i>quariere</i>, F. <i>carri&egrave;re</i>, LL. <i>quadraria</i> a
quarry, whence squared (<i>quadrati</i>) stones are dug, fr.
<i>quadratus</i> square. See <u>Quadrate</u>.] <def>A place, cavern,
or pit where stone is taken from the rock or ledge, or dug from the
earth, for building or other purposes; a stone pit. See 5th
<u>Mine</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quarried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quarrying</u>.] <def>To dig or take from a quarry; as, to
<i>quarry</i> marble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ry-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Stone
Masonry)</i> <def>Having a face left as it comes from the quarry and
not smoothed with the chisel or point; -- said of stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ry-man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quarrymen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who is engaged in
quarrying stones; a quarrier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quart</i>, n.
masc., fr. L. <i>quartus</i> the fourth, akin to <i>quattuor</i> four.
See <u>Four</u>, and cf. 2d <u>Carte</u>, <u>Quarto</u>.] <def>The
fourth part; a quarter; hence, a region of the earth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Camber did possess the western
<i>quart</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quart</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quarte</i>, n. fem.,
fr. <i>quart</i> fourth. See <u>Quart</u> a quarter.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A measure of capacity, both in dry and in
liquid measure; the fourth part of a gallon; the eighth part of a
peck; two pints.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In imperial measure, a quart is forty English fluid ounces;
in wine measure, it is thirty-two American fluid ounces. The United
States dry quart contains 67.20 cubic inches, the fluid quart 57.75.
The English quart contains 69.32 cubic inches.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel or measure containing a
quart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Quart</u> a
quarter.] <def>In cards, four successive cards of the same suit.  Cf.
<u>Tierce</u>, 4.</def>  <i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>quartain</i>, in
<i>fi&egrave;vre quartaine</i>, L. <i>quartanus</i>, fr.
<i>quartus</i> the fourth. See <u>Quart</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
the fourth; occurring every fourth day, reckoning inclusively; as, a
<i>quartan</i> ague, or fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"tan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An intermittent fever which returns every fourth
day, reckoning inclusively, that is, one in which the interval between
paroxysms is two days.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measure, the fourth part of some other
measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"tane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quartus</i> the
fourth.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Butane, each molecule of which has four
carbon atoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quartus</i>
the fourth: cf. F. <i>quartation</i>. So called because usually enough
silver is added to make the amount of gold in the alloyed button about
one <i>fourth</i>.] <i>(Chem. &amp; Assaying)</i> <def>The act, process,
or result (in the <i>process</i> of parting) of alloying a button of
nearly pure gold with enough silver to reduce the fineness so as to
allow acids to attack and remove all metals except the gold; -- called
also <i>inquartation</i>. Compare <u>Parting</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Quarte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Same as 2d
<u>Carte</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"tene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ouart</i>ane +
ethyl<i>ene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Butylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ten*yl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quartene</i>
+ <i>-yl</i> + <i>-ic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an acid of the acrylic acid series, metameric with
crotonic acid, and obtained as a colorless liquid; -- so called from
having four carbon atoms in the molecule. Called also <i>isocrotonic
acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quartier</i>, L.
<i>quartarius</i> a fourth part, fr. <i>quartus</i> the fourth. See
<u>Quart</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of four equal parts into
which anything is divided, or is regarded as divided; a fourth part or
portion; as, a <i>quarter</i> of a dollar, of a pound, of a yard, of
an hour, etc.</def> Hence, specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
fourth of a hundred-weight, being 25 or 28 pounds, according as the
hundredweight is reckoned at 100 or 112 pounds.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The fourth of a ton in weight, or eight
bushels of grain; as, a <i>quarter</i> of wheat; also, the fourth part
of a chaldron of coal.</def> <i>Hutton.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The fourth part of the moon's period, or monthly
revolution; as, the first <i>quarter</i> after the change or
full.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>One limb of a quadruped with the
adjacent parts; one fourth part of the carcass of a slaughtered
animal, including a leg; as, the fore <i>quarters</i>; the hind
<i>quarters</i>.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>That part of a boot or
shoe which forms the side, from the heel to the vamp.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>That part on either side of a
horse's hoof between the toe and heel, being the side of the
coffin.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>A term of study in a seminary,
college, etc, etc.; properly, a fourth part of the year, but often
longer or shorter.</def> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>The encampment on one of the principal passages round a place
besieged, to prevent relief and intercept convoys.</def>
<sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The after-part of a vessel's
side, generally corresponding in extent with the quarter-deck; also,
the part of the yardarm outside of the slings.</def>
<sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of the divisions of an
escutcheon when it is divided into four portions by a horizontal and a
perpendicular line meeting in the fess point.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When two coats of arms are united upon one escutcheon, as in
case of marriage, the first and fourth quarters display one shield,
the second and third the other. See <u>Quarter</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 5.</p>

<p><sd><i>(k)</i></sd> One of the four parts into which the horizon is
regarded as divided; a cardinal point; a direction' principal
division; a region; a territory.</p>

<p><blockquote>Scouts each coast light-armed scour,<BR>
Each <i>quarter</i>, to descry the distant foe.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(l)</i></sd> <def>A division of a town, city, or county; a
particular district; a locality; as, the Latin <i>quarter</i> in
Paris.</def> <sd><i>(m)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small upright
timber post, used in partitions; -- in the United States more commonly
called <i>stud</i>.</def> <sd><i>(n)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
fourth part of the distance from one point of the compass to another,
being the fourth part of 11&deg; 15&prime;, that is, about 2&deg;
49&prime;; -- called also <i>quarter point</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proper station; specific place; assigned
position; special location.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Swift to their several <i>quarters</i> hasted then<BR>
The cumbrous elements.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>Hence, specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
station at which officers and men are posted in battle; -- usually in
the plural.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Place of lodging or
temporary residence; shelter; entertainment; -- usually in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The banter turned as to what <i>quarters</i> each would
find.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A station or
encampment occupied by troops; a place of lodging for soldiers or
officers; as, winter <i>quarters</i>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>Treatment shown by an enemy; mercy; especially, the act of
sparing the life a conquered enemy; a refraining from pushing one's
advantage to extremes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He magnified his own clemency, now they were at his
mercy, to offer them <i>quarter</i> for their lives.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cocks and lambs . . . at the mercy of cats and wolves .
. . must never expect better <i>quarter</i>.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Friendship; amity; concord.</def> [Obs.]
<i>To keep quarter</i>, to keep one's proper place, and so be on good
terms with another. [Obs.]
</p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>quarter</i>, and in terms like bride and
groom.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I knew two that were competitors for the secretary's
place, . . . and yet <i>kept</i> good <i>quarter</i> between
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>False quarter</b></col>, <cd>a cleft in the quarter of a
horse's foot.</cd> -- <col><b>Fifth quarter</b></col>, <cd>the hide
and fat; -- a butcher's term.</cd> -- <col><b>On the quarter</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>in a direction between abeam and astern; opposite,
or nearly opposite, a vessel's quarter.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter
aspect</b></col>. <i>(Astrol.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Quadrate</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Quarter back</b></col> <i>(Football)</i>, <cd>the player who
has position next behind center rush, and receives the ball on the
snap back.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter badge</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>an ornament on the side of a vessel near, the stern.</cd> <i>Mar.
Dict.</i> -- <col><b>Quarter bill</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a list
specifying the different stations to be taken by the officers and crew
in time of action, and the names of the men assigned to each.</cd> --
<col><b>Quarter block</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a block fitted
under the quarters of a yard on each side of the slings, through which
the clew lines and sheets are reeved.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i> --
<col><b>Quarter boat</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a boat hung at a
vessel's quarter.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter cloths</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>long pieces of painted canvas, used to cover the
quarter netting.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter day</b></col>, <cd>a day
regarded as terminating a quarter of the year; hence, one on which any
payment, especially rent, becomes due. In matters influenced by United
States statutes, quarter days are the first days of January, April,
July, and October. In New York and many other places, as between
landlord and tenant, they are the first days of May, August, November,
and February. The quarter days usually recognized in England are 25th
of March (Lady Day), the 24th of June (Midsummer Day), the 29th of
September (Michaelmas Day), and the 25th of December (Christmas
Day).</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter face</b></col>, <cd>in fine arts,
portrait painting, etc., a face turned away so that but one quarter is
visible.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter gallery</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a balcony on the quarter of a ship. See <u>Gallery</u>, 4.</cd> --
<col><b>Quarter gunner</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a petty officer
who assists the gunner.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter look</b></col>, <cd>a
side glance.</cd> [Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i> -- <col><b>Quarter
nettings</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>hammock nettings along the
quarter rails.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>a note equal in duration to half a minim or a fourth of semibreve;
a crochet.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter pieces</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>several pieces of timber at the after-part of the quarter gallery,
near the taffrail.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Quarter
point</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See <u>Quarter</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1 <sd><i>(n)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter
railing</b></col>, or <col><b>Quarter rails</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>narrow molded planks reaching from the top of the stern to the
gangway, serving as a fence to the quarter-deck.</cd> --
<col><b>Quarter sessions</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a general
court of criminal jurisdiction held quarterly by the justices of peace
in counties and by the recorders in boroughs.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter
square</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the fourth part of the square of
a number. Tables of quarter squares have been devised to save labor in
multiplying numbers.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter turn</b></col>,
<col><b>Quarter turn belt</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>an arrangement
in which a belt transmits motion between two shafts which are at right
angles with each other.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter watch</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a subdivision of the full watch (one fourth of the
crew) on a man-of- war.</cd> -- <col><b>To give</b></col>, or
<col><b>show</b></col>, <col><b>quarter</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>to accept as prisoner, on submission in battle; to forbear to
kill, as a vanquished enemy.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep
quarter</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Quarter</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter</hw> (kw&auml;r"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Quartered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Quartering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide
into four equal parts.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1175 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divide; to separate into parts or
regions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then sailors <i>quartered</i> heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with shelter or entertainment;
to supply with the means of living for a time; especially, to furnish
shelter to; as, to <i>quarter</i> soldiers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They mean this night in Sardis to be
<i>quartered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To furnish as a portion; to allot.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This isle . . . <BR>
He <i>quarters</i> to his blue-haired deities.</blockquote> <i>
Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>To arrange (different coats
of arms) upon one escutcheon, as when a man inherits from both father
and mother the right to bear arms.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When only two coats of arms are so combined they are
arranged in four compartments. See <u>Quarter</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1 <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>.</p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter</hw> (kw&auml;r"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To lodge; to have a temporary residence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>cartayer</i>.]
<def>To drive a carriage so as to prevent the wheels from going into
the ruts, or so that a rut shall be between the wheels.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every creature that met us would rely on us for
<i>quartering</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quarterly
allowance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter-deck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>That part of the upper deck abaft the mainmast, including the
poop deck when there is one.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The quarter-deck is reserved as a promenade for the officers
and (in passenger vessels) for the cabin passengers.</p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter*foil`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quarier</i> +
<i>foil</i>: cf. F. <i>quatre</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornamental
foliation having four lobes, or foils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter*hung`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Ordnance)</i>
<def>Having trunnions the axes of which lie below the bore; -- said of
a cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Coming from a point well abaft the beam, but not
directly astern; -- said of waves or any moving object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>At right angles, as the
cranks of a locomotive, which are in planes forming a right angle with
each other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A station.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Assignment of quarters for soldiers;
quarters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
division of a shield containing different coats of arms into four or
more compartments.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the different
coats of arms arranged upon an escutcheon, denoting the descent of the
bearer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A series of quarters, or
small upright posts. See <u>Quarter</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1
<sd><i>(m)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i></def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Quartering block</b></col>, <cd>a block on which the body
of a condemned criminal was quartered.</cd>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Containing, or consisting of, a fourth part; as, <i>quarterly</i>
seasons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Recurring during, or at the end of, each
quarter; as, <i>quarterly</i> payments of rent; a <i>quarterly</i>
meeting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quarterlies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A periodical work published
once a quarter, or four times in a year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>By quarters; once in a quarter of a year; as, the returns are
made <i>quarterly</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>In quarters, or quarterings;
as, to bear arms <i>quarterly</i>; in four or more parts; -- said of a
shield thus divided by lines drawn through it at right
angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter*mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quarter</i>
+ <i>master</i>: cf. F. <i>quartier-ma&icirc;tre</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An officer whose duty is to
provide quarters, provisions, storage, clothing, fuel, stationery, and
transportation for a regiment or other body of troops, and superintend
the supplies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A petty officer who attends
to the helm, binnacle, signals, and the like, under the direction of
the master.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Quartermaster general</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>in the
United States a staff officer, who has the rank of brigadier general
and is the chief officer in the quartermaster's department; in
England, an officer of high rank stationed at the War Office having
similar duties; also, a staff officer, usually a general officer,
accompanying each complete army in the field.</cd> --
<col><b>Quartermaster sergeant</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Sergeant</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quar"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>quarteroun</i>,
<i>quartron</i>, F. <i>quarteron</i>, the fourth part of a pound, or
of a hundred; cf. L. <i>quartarius</i> a fourth part, quarter of any
measure, quartern, gill. See <u>Quarter</u>, and cf. <u>Quarteron</u>,
<u>Quadroon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quarter. Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The fourth part of a pint; a gill.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The fourth part of a peck, or of a stone (14
ibs.).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A loaf of bread weighing about four pounds;
-- called also <i>quartern loaf</i>.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Quartern</u>.] <def>A quarter; esp., a quarter of a pound, or a
quarter of a hundred.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quar"ter*on</hw> (?), <hw>Quar"ter*oon</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quadroon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter*pace`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A platform of a staircase where the stair turns at a right angle
only. See <u>Halfpace</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter round`</hw> (?). <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An
ovolo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter*staff`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quarterstaves</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A long and stout staff
formerly used as a weapon of defense and offense; -- so called because
in holding it one hand was placed in the middle, and the other between
the middle and the end.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quar*tet"</hw>, <hw>Quar*tette"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>quartetto</i>, dim. of quarto the fourth,
a fourth part, fr. L. <i>quartus</i> the fourth. See <u>Quart</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
composition in four parts, each performed by a single voice or
instrument.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The set of four person who
perform a piece of music in four parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Poet.)</i> <def>A stanza of four
lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>quartus</i>
fourth.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Of the fourth degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A quantic of the fourth degree. See
<u>Quantic</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A curve
or surface whose equation is of the fourth degree in the
variables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quartile
aspect</i>, fr. L. <i>quartus</i> the fourth. See <u>Quart</u>.]
<i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Quadrate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>quartus</i> the fourth.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A supposed fourth
integument of an ovule, counting from the outside.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>in quarto</i> in
fourth, from <i>quartus</i> the fourth: cf. F. (<i>in</i>)
<i>quarto</i>. See <u>Quart</u>.] <def>Having four leaves to the
sheet; of the form or size of a quarto.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"to</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quartos</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Originally, a book of the size
of the fourth of sheet of printing paper; a size leaves; in present
usage, a book of a square or nearly square form, and usually of large
size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"tridge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Quarterage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Quartz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>quarz</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A form of silica, or silicon dioxide
(SiO<sub>2</sub>), occurring in hexagonal crystals, which are commonly
colorless and transparent, but sometimes also yellow, brown, purple,
green, and of other colors; also in cryptocrystalline massive forms
varying in color and degree of transparency, being sometimes
opaque.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The crystalline varieties include: <i>amethyst</i>,
<i>violet</i>; <i>citrine</i> and <i>false topaz</i>, pale yellow;
<i>rock crystal</i>, transparent and colorless or nearly so; <i>rose
quartz</i>, rosecolored; <i>smoky quartz</i>, smoky brown. The chief
crypto-crystalline varieties are: <i>agate</i>, a chalcedony in layers
or clouded with different colors, including the <i>onyx</i> and
<i>sardonyx</i>; <i>carnelian</i> and <i>sard</i>, red or flesh-
colored chalcedony; <i>chalcedony</i>, nearly white, and waxy in
luster; <i>chrysoprase</i>, an apple-green chalcedony; <i>flint</i>,
<i>hornstone</i>, <i>basanite</i>, or <i>touchstone</i>, brown to
black in color and compact in texture; <i>heliotrope</i>, green dotted
with red; <i>jasper</i>, opaque, red yellow, or brown, colored by iron
or ferruginous clay; <i>prase</i>, translucent and dull leek-green.
Quartz is an essential constituent of granite, and abounds in rocks of
all ages. It forms the rocks quartzite (<i>quartz rock</i>) and
sandstone, and makes most of the sand of the seashore.</p>

<p><hw>Quartz*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quartz</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Consisting chiefly of quartz;
containing quartz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quartz"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>quartzite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Massive quartz occurring as a
rock; a metamorphosed sandstone; -- called also <i>quartz
rock</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quartz"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quartz</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A form of crystal common with
quartz, consisting of two six-sided pyramids, base to base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quartz"ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>quartzeux</i>, G. <i>quarzig</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Containing,
or resembling, quartz; partaking of the nature or qualities of
quartz.</def></p>

<p><hw>quartz"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Quarzose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quartz"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Quartzose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of beer. Same
as <u>Quass</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quas"chi</hw> (?), <hw>Quas"je</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The brown coati. See
<u>Coati</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Squash</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quashing</u>.] [OF. <i>quasser</i>, F. <i>casser</i>, fr. L.
<i>cassare</i> to annihilate, annul, fr. <i>cassus</i> empty, vain, of
uncertain origin. The word has been confused with L. <i>quassare</i>
to shake, F. <i>casser</i> to break, which is probably of different
origin.  Cf. <u>Cashier</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>To abate, annul, overthrow, or make void; as, to <i>quash</i> an
indictment.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>quasser</i>, F.
<i>casser</i>, fr. L. <i>quassare</i> to shake, shatter, shiver, v.
intens. fr. <i>quatere</i>, <i>quassum</i>, to shake, shatter.  Cf.
<u>Concussion</u>, <u>Discuss</u>, <u>Rescue</u>, and also
<u>Quash</u> to annul.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat down, or beat
in pieces; to dash forcibly; to crush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whales<BR>
Against sharp rocks, like reeling vessels, <i>quashed</i>,<BR>
Though huge as mountains, are in pieces dashed.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To crush; to subdue; to suppress or
extinguish summarily and completely; as, to <i>quash</i> a
rebellion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Contrition is apt to <i>quash</i> or allay all worldly
grief.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be shaken, or
dashed about, with noise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quash"ee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A negro of the
West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qua"si</hw> (?). [L.] <def>As if; as though; as it were; in a
manner sense or degree; having some resemblance to; qualified; -- used
as an adjective, or a prefix with a noun or an adjective; as, a
<i>quasi</i> contract, an implied contract, an obligation which has
arisen from some act, as if from a contract; a <i>quasi</i>
corporation, a body that has some, but not all, of the peculiar
attributes of a corporation; a <i>quasi</i> argument, that which
resembles, or is used as, an argument; <i>quasi</i> historical,
apparently historical, seeming to be historical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quas`i*mo"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the
first words of the Latin introit, <i>quasi modo geniti infantes</i> as
newborn babes, <i>1 Pet. ii. 2.</i>] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The first
Sunday after Easter; Low Sunday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>kvas'</i>.]
<def>A thin, sour beer, made by pouring warm water on rye or barley
meal and letting it ferment, -- much used by the Russians.</def>
[written also <i>quas</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quas*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quassatio</i>, from <i>quassare</i> to shake. See <u>Quash</u> to
crush.] <def>The act of shaking, or the state of being shaken.</def>
<i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quas"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. From the name of
a negro, <i>Quassy</i>, or <i>Quash</i>, who prescribed this article
as a specific.] <def>The wood of several tropical American trees of
the order <i>Simarube&aelig;</i>, as <i>Quassia amara</i>,
<i>Picr&aelig;na excelsa</i>, and <i>Simaruba amara</i>. It is
intensely bitter, and is used in medicine and sometimes as a
substitute for hops in making beer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quas"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>quassine</i>. See <u>Quassia</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The bitter
principle of quassia, extracted as a white crystalline substance; --
formerly called <i>quassite</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>quass&imacr;in</i>, and <i>quassine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pustule.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An annoying, worthless person.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To satiate; to
satisfy.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Qua"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The coaita.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Squat; flat.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qua"ter-cous`in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>quatre</i> four + <i>cousin</i>, E. <i>cousin</i>.] <def>A cousin
within the first four degrees of kindred.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qua*ter"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quaternarius</i> consisting of four each, containing four, fr.
<i>quaterni</i> four each, fr. <i>quattuor</i> four: cf. F.
<i>quaternaire</i>. See <u>Four</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of four; by fours, or in sets of
four.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Later than, or subsequent
to, the Tertiary; Post-tertiary; as, the <i>Quaternary</i> age, or Age
of man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qua*ter"na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. numerus
<i>quaternarius</i>: cf. F. <i>quaternaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The number four.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The Quaternary age, era, or
formation. See the <i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qua*ter"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed of,
or arranged in, sets of four; quaternary; as, <i>quaternate</i>
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qua*ter"ni*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quaternio</i>, fr. <i>quaterni</i> four each. See
<u>Quaternary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The number four.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A set of four parts, things, or person;
four things taken collectively; a group of four words, phrases,
circumstances, facts, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Delivered him to four <i>quaternions</i> of
soldiers.</blockquote> <i>Acts xii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye elements, the eldest birth<BR>
 Of Nature's womb, that in <i>quaternion</i> run.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The triads and <i>quaternions</i> with which he loaded
his sentences.</blockquote> <i> Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A word of four syllables; a
quadrisyllable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The quotient of two vectors,
or of two directed right lines in space, considered as depending on
four geometrical elements, and as expressible by an algebraic symbol
of quadrinomial form.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The science or calculus of <i>quaternions</i> is a new
mathematical method, in which the conception of a <i>quaternion</i> is
unfolded and symbolically expressed, and is applied to various classes
of algebraical, geometrical, and physical questions, so as to discover
theorems, and to arrive at the solution of problems.  <i>Sir W. R.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qua*ter"ni*on</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To divide into
quaternions, files, or companies.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qua*ter"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>quaternitas</i>, fr. L. <i>quaterni</i> four each: cf. F.
<i>quaternit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The number
four.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The union of four in one, as of four
persons; -- analogous to the theological term
<i>trinity</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qua"ter*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Quarteron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qua*torz"ain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Quatorze</u>.] <def>A poem of fourteen lines; a sonnet.</def>
<i>R. H. Stoddard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qua*torze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quatorze</i>
fourteen, L. <i>quattuordecim</i>. See <u>Fourteen</u>.] <def>The four
aces, kings, queens, knaves, or tens, in the game of piquet; -- so
called because <i>quatorze</i> counts as fourteen points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quat"rain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>quatre</i>
four, L. <i>quattuor</i>, <i>quatuor</i>. See <u>Four</u>.]
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A stanza of four lines rhyming alternately.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qua"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A card, die.
or domino, having four spots, or pips</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Qua"tre*feuille</hw> (?), <hw>Qua"tre*foil</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quatre feuilles</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Quarterfoil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quat"u*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>quattuor</i>, <i>quatuor</i>, four. See <u>Quartet</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A quartet; -- applied chiefly to instrumental
compositions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Quaver</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Quave</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To quaver.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Quave"mire`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Quagmire</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Qua"ver</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quavered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quavering</u>.] [OE. <i>quaven</i> to shake, to tremble; cf. LG.
<i>quabbeln</i> to shake, to be soft, of fat substances, <i>quabbe</i>
a fat lump of flesh, a dewlap, D. <i>kwabbe</i>, and E. <i>quiver</i>,
v.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tremble; to vibrate; to shake.</def>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, to shake the voice; to utter or
form sound with rapid or tremulous vibrations, as in singing; also, to
trill on a musical instrument</def></p>

<p><hw>Qua"ver</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter with
quavers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall hear her <i>quavering</i> them . . . to some
sprightly airs of the opera.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qua"ver</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
shake, or rapid and tremulous vibration, of the voice, or of an
instrument of music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An eighth note. See
<u>Eighth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qua"ver*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who quavers;
a warbler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quai</i>. See
<u>Key</u> quay.] <def>A mole, bank, or wharf, formed toward the sea,
or at the side of a harbor, river, or other navigable water, for
convenience in loading and unloading vessels.</def> [Written also
<i>key</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quay</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with
quays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quay"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Wharfage.</def> [Also <i>keyage</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quayd</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Quail</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Que</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 3d <u>Cue</u>.] <def>A
half farthing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Queach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Quick</u>.]
<def>A thick, bushy plot; a thicket.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Queach</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. E. <i>quich</i>, v.
i., <i>quick</i>, v. i.; or AS. <i>cweccan</i> to shake.] <def>To
stir; to move. See <u>Quick</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Queach"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Yielding or trembling under the feet, as moist or boggy ground;
shaking; moving.</def> "The <i>queachy</i> fens." "Godwin's
<i>queachy</i> sands."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p>
<sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a queach; thick; bushy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Originally, a woman, AS.
<i>cwene</i>; akin to OS. <i>quena</i>, OHG. <i>quena</i>, Icel.
<i>kona</i>, Goth <i>qin&?;</i>, and AS. <i>cw&eacute;n</i>, also to
Gr. &?; woman, wife, Skr. <i>gn&amacr;</i> goddess.  Cf.
<u>Queen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman; a young or unmarried
woman; a girl.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A low woman; a wench; a slut.</def> "The
dread of every scolding <i>quean</i>."  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quea"si*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a queasy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quea"si*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
queasy; nausea; qualmishness; squeamishness.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1176 !></p>

<p><hw>Quea"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>kweisa</i>
pain; cf. Norw. <i>kveis</i> sickness after a debauch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sick at the stomach; affected with nausea;
inclined to vomit; qualmish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fastidious; squeamish; delicate; easily
disturbed; unsettled; ticklish.</def> " A <i>queasy</i> question."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some seek, when <i>queasy</i> conscience has its
qualms.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Que*bec" group`</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The middle of the
three groups into which the rocks of the Canadian period have been
divided in the American Lower Silurian system. See the <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Que*bra"cho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Chilian apocynaceous tree (<i>Aspidosperma
Quebracho</i>); also, its bark, which is used as a febrifuge, and for
dyspn&oelig;a of the lung, or bronchial diseases; -- called also
<i>white quebracho</i>, to distinguish it from the <i>red
quebracho</i>, a Mexican anacardiaceous tree (<i>Loxopterygium
Lorentzii</i>) whose bark is said to have similar properties.</def>
<i>J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).</i></p>

<p><hw>Queb"rith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>quebrit</i>,
<i>quibrith</i>, Ar. <i>kibr&imacr;t</i>.] <i>(Alchemy)</i>
<def>Sulphur.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Quech</hw> (?), <hw>Queck</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[Cf. <u>Quick</u>, <u>Queach</u>.] <def>A word occurring in a corrupt
passage of Bacon's Essays, and probably meaning, to stir, to
move.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>quen</i>,
<i>quene</i>, queen, quean, AS. <i>cw&emacr;n</i> wife, queen, woman;
akin to OS. <i>qu&amacr;n</i> wife, woman, Icel. <i>kv&amacr;n</i>
wife, queen, Goth. <i>q&emacr;ns</i>. &radic;221. See <u>Quean</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The wife of a king.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman who is the sovereign of a kingdom;
a female monarch; as, Elizabeth, <i>queen</i> of England; Mary,
<i>queen</i> of Scots.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In faith, and by the heaven's
<i>quene</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A woman eminent in power or attractions;
the highest of her kind; as, a <i>queen</i> in society; -- also used
figuratively of cities, countries, etc.</def> " This <i>queen</i> of
cities."  " Albion, <i>queen</i> of isles."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The fertile, or fully developed, female of
social bees, ants, and termites.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Chess)</i> <def>The most powerful, and
except the king the most important, piece in a set of
chessmen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A playing card bearing the picture of a
queen; as, the <i>queen</i> of spades.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Queen apple</b></col>. [Cf. OE. <i>quyne aple</i> quince
apple.] <cd>A kind of apple; a queening.</cd> "<i>Queen apples</i> and
red cherries." <i>Spenser.</i> -- <col><b>Queen bee</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a female bee, especially the female of the
honeybee. See <u>Honeybee</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Queen conch</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very large West Indian cameo conch
(<i>Cassis cameo</i>). It is much used for making cameos.</cd> --
<col><b>Queen consort</b></col>, <cd>the wife of a reigning king.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Queen dowager</b></col>, <cd>the widow
of a king.</cd> -- <col><b>Queen gold</b></col>, <cd>formerly a
revenue of the queen consort of England, arising from gifts, fines,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Queen mother</b></col>, <cd>a queen dowager who
is also mother of the reigning king or queen.</cd> -- <col><b>Queen of
May</b></col>. <cd>See <i>May queen</i>, under <u>May</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Queen of the meadow</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European
herbaceous plant (<i>Spir&aelig;a Ulmaria</i>). See
<u>Meadowsweet</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Queen of the prairie</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American herb (<i>Spir&aelig;a lobata</i>) with
ample clusters of pale pink flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Queen
pigeon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species
of very large and handsome crested ground pigeons of the genus
<i>Goura</i>, native of New Guinea and the adjacent islands. They are
mostly pale blue, or ash-blue, marked with white, and have a large
occipital crest of spatulate feathers. Called also <i>crowned
pigeon</i>, <i>goura</i>, and <i>Victoria pigeon</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Queen regent</b></col>, or <col><b>Queen regnant</b></col>,
<cd>a queen reigning in her own right.</cd> -- <col><b>Queen's
Bench</b></col>. <cd>See <u>King's Bench</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Queen's
counsel</b></col>, <col><b>Queen's evidence</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>King's counsel</i>, <i>King's evidence</i>, under <u>King</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Queen's delight</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American
plant (<i>Stillinqia sylvatica</i>) of the Spurge family, having an
herbaceous stem and a perennial woody root.</cd> -- <col><b>Queen's
metal</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>an alloy somewhat resembling
pewter or britannia, and consisting essentially of tin with a slight
admixture of antimony, bismuth, and lead or copper.</cd> --
<col><b>Queen's pigeon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Queen pigeon</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Queen's ware</b></col>,
<cd>glazed English earthenware of a cream color.</cd> --
<col><b>Queen's yellow</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>a heavy
yellow powder consisting of a basic mercuric sulphate; -- formerly
called <i>turpetum minerale</i>, or <i>Turbith's mineral</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Queen</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act the part of a
queen.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Queen</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Queened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Queening</u>.] <i>(Chess.)</i> <def>To make a queen (or other
piece, at the player's discretion) of by moving it to the eighth row;
as, to <i>queen</i> a pawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queen"craft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Craft or skill
in policy on the part of a queen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Elizabeth showed much <i>queencraft</i> in procuring
the votes of the nobility.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Queen"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The dominion,
condition, or character of a queen.</def> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Queen"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A California sci&aelig;noid food fish (<i>Seriphys politus</i>).
The back is bluish, and the sides and belly bright silvery. Called
also <i>kingfish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queen"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state,
personality, or character of a queen; queenliness.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Queen"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Queen
apple</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of several kinds of apples, as
<i>summer queening</i>, <i>scarlet queening</i>, and <i>early
queening</i>. An apple called the <i>queening</i> was cultivated in
England two hundred years ago.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queen"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being queenly; the; characteristic of a queen; stateliness;
eminence among women in attractions or power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queen"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cw&emacr;nlic</i>
feminine.] <def>Like, becoming, or suitable to, a queen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queen"-post`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Arch.] <def>One of
two suspending posts in a roof truss, or other framed truss of similar
form. See <u>King-post</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queen"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state, rank, or
dignity of a queen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queens"land nut`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The nut of an
Australian tree (<i>Macadamia ternifolia</i>). It is about an inch in
diameter, and contains a single round edible seed, or sometimes two
hemispherical seeds. So called from <i>Queensland</i> in
Australia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queen" truss</hw> (?). <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A truss framed with
queen-posts; a queen-post truss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queer</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Queerer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Queerest</u>.] [G.
<i>quer</i> cross, oblique, athwart (cf. <i>querkopf</i> a queer
fellow), <u>OHG</u>. <i>twer</i>, <i>twerh</i>, <i>dwerah</i>; akin to
D. <i>dvars</i>, AS, <i>&thorn;weorh</i> thwart, bent, twisted, Icel.
<i>&thorn;verr</i> thwart, transverse, Goth.
<i>&thorn;wa&igrave;rhs</i> angry, and perh. to L. <i>torqyere</i> to
twist, and E. <i>through</i>.  Cf. <u>Torture</u>, <u>Through</u>,
<u>Thwart</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At
variance with what is usual or normal; differing in some odd way from
what is ordinary; odd; singular; strange; whimsical; as, a
<i>queer</i> story or act.</def> " A <i>queer</i> look."  <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mysterious; suspicious; questionable; as, a
<i>queer</i> transaction.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Queer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Counterfeit money.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>To shove the queer</b></col>, <cd>to put counterfeit money
in circulation.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Queer"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rather queer;
somewhat singular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queer"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a queer or odd
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queer"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being queer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>kvisa</i> a
kind of bird, <i>kvistr</i> a branch of a tree, and E. <i>cushat</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European ringdove (<i>Columba
palumbus</i>); the cushat.</def> [Written also <i>quist</i>,
<i>queeze</i>, <i>quice</i>, <i>queece</i>.] See <u>Ringdove</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Quegh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drinking vessel.
See <u>Quaich</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queint</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Quaint</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Queint</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Quench</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Queint"ise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Quaintise</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quelled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quelling</u>.] [See <u>Quail</u> to cower.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To die.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet he did quake and quaver, like to
<i>quell</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be subdued or abated; to yield; to
abate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Winter's wrath begins to <i>quell</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>quellen</i> to
kill, AS. <i>cwellan</i>, causative of <i>cwelan</i> to die; akin to
OHG. <i>quellen</i> to torment, Icel. <i>kvelja</i>. See <u>Quail</u>
to cower.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take the life of; to kill.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ducks cried as [if] men would them
<i>quelle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overpower; to subdue; to put
down.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nation obeyed the call, rallied round the
sovereign, and enabled him to <i>quell</i> the disaffected
minority.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Northward marching to <i>quell</i> the sudden
revolt.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To quiet; to allay; to pacify; to cause to
yield or cease; as, to <i>quell</i> grief; to <i>quell</i> the tumult
of the soul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Much did his words the gentle lady
<i>quell</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- to subdue; crush; overpower; reduce; put down;
repress; suppress; quiet; allay; calm; pacify.</p>

<p><hw>Quell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Murder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quell"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A killer; as, Jack the Giant <i>Queller</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif (Mark vi. 27).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who quells; one who overpowers or
subdues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quel"li*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>cuello</i>, L.
<i>collum</i> neck.] <def>A ruff for the neck.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Quelque"chose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quelque
chose</i> something.] <def>A trifle; a kickshaw.</def>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Queme</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>cw&emacr;man</i>, akin to <i>cuman</i> to come. &radic;23.] <def>To
please.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Queme"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Kindly;
merciful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quench</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quenched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quenching</u>.] [OE. <i>quenchen</i>, AS. <i>cwencan</i> in
<i>&amacr;cwencan</i>, to extinguish utterly, causative of
<i>cwincan</i>, <i>&amacr;cwincan</i>, to decrease, disappear; cf. AS.
<i>cw&imacr;nan</i>, <i>&amacr;cw&imacr;nan</i>, to waste or dwindle
away.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To extinguish; to overwhelm; to make an
end of; -- said of flame and fire, of things burning, and figuratively
of sensations and emotions; as, to <i>quench</i> flame; to
<i>quench</i> a candle; to <i>quench</i> thirst, love, hate,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere our blood shall <i>quench</i> that
fire.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The supposition of the lady's death<BR>
Will <i>quench</i> the wonder of her infamy.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cool suddenly, as heated steel, in
tempering.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To extinguish; still; stifle; allay; cool;
check.</p>

<p><hw>Quench</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
extinguished; to go out; to become calm or cool.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Dost thou think in time<BR>
She will not <i>quench</i>!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quench"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being quenched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quench"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, quenches.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quench"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of being
quenched; inextinguishable; as, <i>quenchless</i> fire or fury.</def>
"Once kindled, <i>quenchless</i> evermore."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inextinguishable; unquenchable.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Quench"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Quench"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Que*nelle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>A kind of delicate forcemeat, commonly poached and used as a dish
by itself or for garnishing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Que*nouille train"ing</hw> (?). [F. <i>quenouille</i> distaff.]
<i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A method of training trees or shrubs in the shape
of a cone or distaff by tying down the branches and pruning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quer`ci*tan"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quercus</i> an oak + E. <i>tannic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, a tannic acid found in oak bark
and extracted as a yellowish brown amorphous substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quer"cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white crystalline substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>7</sub>(OH)<sub>5</sub>, found in acorns, the fruit
of the oak (<i>Quercus</i>). It has a sweet taste, and is regarded as
a pentacid alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quer"ci*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A yellow crystalline substance, occurring quite widely
distributed in the vegetable kingdom, as is apple-tree bark, horse-
chestnut leaves, etc., but originally obtained by the decomposition of
quercitrin. Called also <i>meletin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quer"cit*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>quercitrin</i>. See <u>Quercitron</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside extracted from the bark of the oak (<i>Quercus</i>) as a
bitter citron-yellow crystalline substance, used as a pigment and
called <i>quercitron</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quer"cit*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>quercitron</i>, the name of the name of tree; L. <i>quercus</i> an
oak + <i>citrus</i> the citron <i>tree</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The yellow inner bark of the <i>Quercus tinctoria</i>, the
American black oak, yellow oak, dyer's oak, or quercitron oak, a large
forest tree growing from Maine to eastern Texas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Quercitrin, used as a pigment. See
<u>Quercitrin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Quer"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an oak.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees constituted by the oak. See
<u>Oak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quer"ele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d
<u>Quarrel</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A complaint to a court. See
<u>Audita Querela</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Que"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>querens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>queri</i> to complain.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A
complainant; a plaintiff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Que"rent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quaerens</i>, p. pr.
of <i>quaerere</i> to search for, to inquire.] <def>An inquirer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Aubrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quer`i*mo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>querimonia</i> a complaint, fr. <i>queri</i> to complain. See
<u>Querulous</u>.] <def>Complaining; querulous; apt to complain.</def>
-- <wf>Quer`i*mo"ni*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Quer`i*mo"ni*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Quer"i*mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>querimonia</i>.] <def>A complaint or complaining.</def> [Obs.]
<i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Que"rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Query</u>.]
<def>One who inquires, or asks questions.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Querk"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>kverk</i>
throat. &?;.] <def>To stifle or choke.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Querl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [G. <i>querlen</i>,
<i>quirlen</i>, to twirl, to turn round, fr. <i>querl</i>,
<i>querl</i>, a twirling stick.  Cf. <u>Twirl</u>.] <def>To twirl; to
turn or wind round; to coil; as, to <i>querl</i> a cord, thread, or
rope.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Querl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coil; a twirl; as, the
<i>qwerl</i> of hair on the fore leg of a blooded horse.</def> [Local,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Quern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cweorn</i>,
<i>cwyrn</i>; akin to D. <i>kweern</i>, OHG. <i>quirn</i>, Icel.
<i>kvern</i>, Sw. <i>qvarn</i>, Dan. <i>qu&aelig;rn</i>, Goth.
<i>qairnus</i> (in <i>asiluqa&iacute;rnus</i>), Lith.
<i>q&igrave;rnos</i>, and perh. E. <i>corn</i>.] <def>A mill for
grinding grain, the upper stone of which was turned by hand; -- used
before the invention of windmills and watermills.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They made him at the <i>querne</i> grind.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quer"po</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The inner or body
garments taken together. See <u>Cuerpo</u>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quer"que*dule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>querquedula</i>.] <i>(Zool.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
teal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pintail duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quer"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A groom; an
equerry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Quer`u*len"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Querulous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Quer"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>querulus</i>
and <i>querulosus</i>, fr. <i>queri</i> to complain.  Cf. <u>Cry</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Quarrel</u> a brawl, <u>Quarrelous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Given to quarreling; quarrelsome.</def> [Obs.]
<i>land.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apt to find fault; habitually complaining;
disposed to murmur; as, a <i>querulous</i> man or people.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Enmity can hardly be more annoying that
<i>querulous</i>, jealous, exacting fondness.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Expressing complaint; fretful; whining; as,
a <i>querulous</i> tone of voice.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Complaining; bewailing; lamenting; whining;
mourning; murmuring; discontented; dissatisfied.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Quer"u*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Quer"u*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Que"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Queries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>quaere</i>, imperative sing. of
<i>quaerere</i>, <i>quaesitum</i> to seek or search for, to ask,
inquire.  Cf. <u>Acquire</u>, <u>Conquer</u>, <u>Exquisite</u>,
<u>Quest</u>, <u>Require</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A question; an
inquiry to be answered or solved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall conclude with proposing only some
<i>queries</i>, in order to a . . . search to be made by
others.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A question in the mind; a doubt; as, I have
a <i>query</i> about his sincerity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An interrogation point [?] as the sign of a
question or a doubt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Que"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
ask questions; to make inquiry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each prompt to <i>query</i>, answer, and
debate.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a doubt; as, I <i>query</i> if he
is right.</def></p>

<p><hw>Que"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Queried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Querying</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put questions about; to
elicit by questioning; to inquire into; as, to <i>query</i> the items
or the amount; to <i>query</i> the motive or the fact.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To address questions to; to examine by
questions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To doubt of; to regard with
incredulity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To write " query" (qu., qy., or ?) against,
as a doubtful spelling, or sense, in a proof. See
<u>Qu&aelig;re</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Que*sal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The long-tailed, or resplendent, trogon (<i>Pharomachus
mocinno</i>, formerly <i>Trogon resplendens</i>), native of Southern
Mexico and Central America. Called also <i>quetzal</i>, and <i>golden
trogon</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The male is remarkable for the brilliant metallic green and
gold colors of his plumage, and for his extremely long plumes, which
often exceed three feet in length.</p>

<p><! p. 1177 !></p>

<p><hw>Quest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>queste</i>, F.
<i>qu&ecirc;te</i>, fr. L. <i>quaerere</i>, <i>quaesitum</i>, to seek
for, to ask.  Cf. <u>Query</u>, <u>Question</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of seeking, or looking after anything; attempt to find or
obtain; search; pursuit; as, to rove in <i>quest</i> of game, of a
lost child, of property, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon an hard adventure yet in
<i>quest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cease your <i>quest</i> of love.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There ended was his <i>quest</i>, there ceased his
care.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Request; desire; solicitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gad not abroad at every <i>quest</i> and call<BR>
Of an untrained hope or passion.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Those who make search or inquiry, taken
collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The senate hath sent about three several <i>quests</i>
to search you out.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Inquest; jury of inquest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What lawful <i>quest</i> have given their verdict
?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quest</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>quester</i>, F.
<i>qu&ecirc;ter</i>. See <u>Quest</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
search for; to examine.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Herbert.  </i></p>

<p><hw>Quest</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go on a quest; to
make a search; to go in pursuit; to beg.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If his <i>questing</i> had been unsuccessful, he
appeased the rage of hunger with some scraps of broken
meat.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quest"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>questant</i>,
F. <i>qu&ecirc;tant</i>, p. pr.] <def>One who undertakes a quest; a
seeker.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quest"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who seeks; a
seeker.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ques"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>quaestio</i>, fr. <i>quaerere</i>, <i>quaesitum</i>, to seek for,
ask, inquire. See <u>Quest</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of asking; interrogation; inquiry; as,
to examine by <i>question</i> and answer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Discussion; debate; hence, objection;
dispute; doubt; as, the story is true beyond <i>question</i>; he
obeyed without <i>question</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There arose a <i>question</i> between some of John's
disciples and the Jews about purifying.</blockquote> <i> John iii.
25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is to be to <i>question</i>, whether it be lawful
for Christian princes to make an invasive war simply for the
propagation of the faith.</blockquote> <i> Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Examination with reference to a decisive
result; investigation; specifically, a judicial or official
investigation; also, examination under torture.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that was in <i>question</i> for the robbery.
<i>Shak</i>.<BR>
The Scottish privy council had power to put state prisoners to the
<i>question</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is asked; inquiry;
interrogatory; query.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But this <i>question</i> asked<BR>
Puts me in doubt. Lives there who loves his pain ?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a subject of investigation,
examination, or debate; theme of inquiry; matter to be inquired into;
as, a delicate or doubtful <i>question</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Talk; conversation; speech; speech.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In question</b></col>, <cd>in debate; in the course of
examination or discussion; as, the matter or point <i>in
question</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Leading question</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Leading</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of question</b></col>,
<cd>unquestionably.</cd> "<i>Out of question</i>, 't is Maria's hand."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Out of the question</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Out</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Past question</b></col>, <cd>beyond
question; certainly; undoubtedly; unquestionably.</cd> --
<col><b>Previous question</b></col>, <cd>a question put to a
parliamentary assembly upon the motion of a member, in order to
ascertain whether it is the will of the body to vote at once, without
further debate, on the subject under consideration.</cd> The form of
the question is: "Shall the main question be now put?" If the vote is
in the affirmative, the matter before the body must be voted upon as
it then stands, without further general debate or the submission of
new amendments. In the House of Representatives of the United States,
and generally in America, a negative decision operates to keep the
business before the body as if the motion had not been made; but in
the English Parliament, it operates to postpone consideration for the
day, and until the subject may be again introduced. In American
practice, the object of the motion is to hasten action, and it is made
by a friend of the measure. In English practice, the object is to get
rid of the subject for the time being, and the motion is made with a
purpose of voting against it. <i>Cushing.</i> -- <col><b>To beg the
question</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Beg</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To the
question</b></col>, <cd>to the point in dispute; to the real matter
under debate.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Point; topic; subject.</p>

<p><hw>Ques"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Questioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Questioning</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>questionner</i>. See <u>Question</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ask questions; to
inquire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that <i>questioneth</i> much shall learn
much.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To argue; to converse; to dispute.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I pray you, think you <i>question</i> with the
Jew.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ques"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To inquire of by asking questions; to examine by interrogatories;
as, to <i>question</i> a witness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To doubt of; to be uncertain of; to
query.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And most we <i>question</i> what we most
desire.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To raise a question about; to call in
question; to make objection to.</def> "But have power and right to
<i>question</i> thy bold entrance on this place."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To talk to; to converse with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With many holiday and lady terms he <i>questioned</i>
me.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To ask; interrogate; catechise; doubt; controvert;
dispute.  -- Question, Inquire, Interrogate. To <i>inquire</i> is
merely to ask for information, and implies no authority in the one who
asks. To <i>interrogate</i> is to put repeated questions in a formal
or systematic fashion to elicit some particular fact or facts. To
<i>question</i> has a wider sense than to <i>interrogate</i>, and
often implies an attitude of distrust or opposition on the part of the
questioner.</p>

<p><hw>Ques`tion*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or condition of being questionable.</def>  <i>Stallo.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ques"tion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Admitting of being questioned; inviting, or
seeming to invite, inquiry.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou com'st in such a <i>questionable</i> shape<BR>
That I will speak to thee.</blockquote> <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liable to question; subject to be doubted
or called in question; problematical; doubtful; suspicious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>questionable</i> whether Galen ever saw the
dissection of a human body.<i>T</i>.</blockquote> <i> Baker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disputable; debatable; uncertain; doubtful;
problematical; suspicious.</p>

<p><hw>Ques"tion*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being questionable, doubtful, or
suspicious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ques"tion*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
questionable manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ques"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inquiring;
asking questions; testing.</def> "<i>Questionary</i> epistles."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ques"tion*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes it
his business to seek after relics and carry them about for
sale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ques"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who asks
questions; an inquirer.</def> "Little time for idle
<i>questioners</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ques"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A questioner; an inquirer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Univ.)</i> <def>A candidate for honors
or degrees who is near the time of his examination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ques"tion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unquestioning;
incurious.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ques"tion*less</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Beyond a
question or doubt; doubtless; certainly.</def>[R.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What it was in the apostles' time, that,
<i>questionless</i>, it must be still.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quest"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Questmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One legally empowered to make
quest of certain matters, esp. of abuses of weights and
measures.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
churchwarden's assistant; a sidesman.</def> <i>Blount.</i> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A collector of parish rents.</def>
<i>Blount.</i> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Quest"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lays
informations, and encourages petty lawsuits.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ques"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quaestor</i>,
contr. fr. <i>quaesitor</i>, fr. <i>quaerere</i>, <i>quaesitum</i>, to
seek for, ask: cf. F. <i>questeur</i>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An
officer who had the management of the public treasure; a receiver of
taxes, tribute, etc.; treasurer of state.</def> [Written also
<i>qu&aelig;stor</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; At an early period there were also public accusers styled
<i>questors</i>, but the office was soon abolished.</p>

<p><hw>Ques"tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office, or
the term of office, of a questor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quest"rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Quest</u>.]
<def>A seeker; a pursuer.</def> [Obs.] "Hot <i>questrists</i> after
him."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ques"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quaestuarius</i>, from <i>quaestus</i> gain, profit,
<i>quaerere</i>, <i>quaesitum</i>, to seek for, earn.] <def>Studious
of profit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ques"tu*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One employed to
collect profits.</def> [R.] "The pope's <i>questuaries</i>."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The common guillemot.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Queue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Cue</u>.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tail-like appendage of hair; a
pigtail.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A line of persons waiting
anywhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fasten, as hair, in
a queue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>qvie</i>.]
<def>A heifer.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Quib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Quip</u>.] <def>A
quip; a gibe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quib"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr.
<i>quib</i>, <i>quip</i>, but influenced by <i>quillet</i>, or
<i>quiddity</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shift or turn from the
point in question; a trifling or evasive distinction; an evasion; a
cavil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quibbles have no place in the search after
truth.</blockquote> <i> I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pun; a low conceit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quibbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quibbling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To evade the point in
question by artifice, play upon words, caviling, or by raising any
insignificant or impertinent question or point; to trifle in argument
or discourse; to equivocate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pun; to practice punning.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To cavil; shuffle; equivocate; trifle.</p>

<p><hw>Quib"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who quibbles;
a caviler; also, a punster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quib"bling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Triflingly;
evasively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
Brazilian name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small South American
opossum (<i>Didelphys quica</i>), native of Guiana and Brazil. It
feeds upon insects, small birds, and fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Queest</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quich</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Quinch</u>.]
<def>To stir.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He could not move nor <i>quich</i> at all.</blockquote>
<i> Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quick</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Quicker</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Quickest</u>.] [As.
<i>cwic</i>, <i>cwicu</i>, <i>cwucu</i>, <i>cucu</i>, living; akin to
OS. <i>quik</i>, D. <i>kwik</i>, OHG. <i>quec</i>, <i>chec</i>, G.
<i>keck</i> bold, lively, Icel. <i>kvikr</i> living, Goth.
<i>qius</i>, Lith. <i>q&ymacr;vas</i>, Russ. <i>zhivoi</i>, L.
<i>vivus</i> living, <i>vivere</i> to live, Gr. <grk>bi`os</grk> life,
Skr. <i>j&imacr;va</i> living, <i>j&imacr;v</i> to live.  Cf.
<u>Biography</u>, <u>Vivid</u>, <u>Quitch grass</u>, <u>Whitlow</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Alive; living; animate; -- opposed to
<i>dead</i> or <i>inanimate</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not fully <i>quyke</i>, ne fully dead they
were.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord Jesus Christ, who shall judge the <i>quick</i>
and the dead at his appearing and his kingdom.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim.
iv. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man is no star, but a <i>quick</i> coal<BR>
Of mortal fire.</blockquote> <i> Herbert.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense the word is nearly obsolete, except in some
compounds, or in particular phrases.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by life or liveliness;
animated; sprightly; agile; brisk; ready.</def> " A <i>quick</i> wit."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Speedy; hasty; swift; not slow; as, be
<i>quick</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oft he her his charge of <i>quick</i> return<BR>
Repeated.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Impatient; passionate; hasty; eager; eager;
sharp; unceremonious; as, a <i>quick</i> temper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bishop was somewhat <i>quick</i> with them, and
signified that he was much offended.</blockquote> <i> Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fresh; bracing; sharp; keen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The air is <i>quick</i> there,<BR>
And it pierces and sharpens the stomach.</blockquote> <i>
Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Sensitive; perceptive in a high degree;
ready; as, a <i>quick</i> ear.</def> "To have an open ear, a
<i>quick</i> eye."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They say that women are so <i>quick</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Pregnant; with child.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Quick grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Quitch
grass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Quick match</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Match</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Quick vein</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>,
<cd>a vein of ore which is productive, not barren.</cd> --
<col><b>Quick vinegar</b></col>, <cd>vinegar made by allowing a weak
solution of alcohol to trickle slowly over shavings or other porous
material.</cd> -- <col><b>Quick water</b></col>, <cd>quicksilver
water.</cd> -- <col><b>Quick with child</b></col>, <cd>pregnant with a
living child.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Speedy; expeditious; swift; rapid; hasty; prompt;
ready; active; brisk; nimble; fleet; alert; agile; lively;
sprightly.</p>

<p><hw>Quick</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a quick manner;
quickly; promptly; rapidly; with haste; speedily; without delay; as,
run <i>quick</i>; get back <i>quick</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If we consider how very <i>quick</i> the actions of the
mind are performed.</blockquote> <i> Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is quick, or alive; a living animal or plant; especially, the
hawthorn, or other plants used in making a living hedge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The works . . . are curiously hedged with
<i>quick</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The life; the mortal point; a vital part; a
part susceptible of serious injury or keen feeling; the sensitive
living flesh; the part of a finger or toe to which the nail is
attached; the tender emotions; as, to cut a finger nail to the
<i>quick</i>; to thrust a sword to the <i>quick</i>, to taunt one to
the <i>quick</i>; -- used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This test nippeth, . . . this toucheth the
<i>quick</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How feebly and unlike themselves they reason when they
come to the <i>quick</i> of the difference !</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Quitch grass.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See <u>Quicken</u>.]
<def>To revive; to quicken; to be or become alive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quick"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A. S.
<i>cwicbe&aacute;m</i>.] <def>See <u>Quicken tree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>quickened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quickening</u>.] [AS. <i>cwician</i>. See <u>Quick</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make alive; to
vivify; to revive or resuscitate, as from death or an inanimate state;
hence, to excite; to, stimulate; to incite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mistress which I serve <i>quickens</i> what's
dead.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a fruitful garden without an hedge, that
<i>quickens</i> the appetite to enjoy so tempting a
prize.</blockquote> <i> South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make lively, active, or sprightly; to
impart additional energy to; to stimulate; to make quick or rapid; to
hasten; to accelerate; as, to <i>quicken</i> one's steps or thoughts;
to <i>quicken</i> one's departure or speed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>To shorten the radius
of (a curve); to make (a curve) sharper; as, to <i>quicken</i> the
sheer, that is, to make its curve more pronounced.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To revive; resuscitate; animate; reinvigorate;
vivify; refresh; stimulate; sharpen; incite; hasten; accelerate;
expedite; dispatch; speed.</p>

<p><hw>Quick"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To come to life; to become alive; to become vivified or
enlivened; hence, to exhibit signs of life; to move, as the fetus in
the womb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heart is the first part that <i>quickens</i>, and
the last that dies.</blockquote> <i> Ray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And keener lightnings <i>quicken</i> in her
eye.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the pale and bloodless east began<BR>
To <i>quicken</i> to the sun.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move with rapidity or activity; to
become accelerated; as, his pulse <i>quickened</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"en*er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, quickens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of making or of becoming quick.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The first motion of the
fetus in the womb felt by the mother, occurring usually about the
middle of the term of pregnancy. It has been popularly supposed to be
due to the fetus becoming possessed of independent life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"ens</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Quitch grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"en tree`</hw> (?). [Probably from <i>quick</i>, and first
applied to the aspen or some tree with quivering leaves; cf. G.
<i>quickenbaum</i>, <i>quizenbaum</i>, <i>quitschenbaum</i>.  Cf.
<u>Quitch grass</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The European rowan tree; --
called also <i>quickbeam</i>, and <i>quickenbeam</i>. See <u>Rowan
tree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"hatch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the American
Indian name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wolverine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"lime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Quick</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Calcium oxide; unslacked
lime; -- so called because when wet it develops great heat. See 4th
<u>Lime</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Speedily; with haste
or celerity; soon; without delay; quick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The condition or quality of being quick or living; life.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Touch it with thy celestial
<i>quickness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Activity; briskness; especially, rapidity
of motion; speed; celerity; as, <i>quickness</i> of wit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This deed . . . must send thee hence<BR>
With fiery <i>quickness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His mind had, indeed, great <i>quickness</i> and
vigor.</blockquote> <i> Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Acuteness of perception; keen
sensibility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Would not <i>quickness</i> of sensation be an
inconvenience to an animal that must lie still ?</blockquote>
<i>Locke</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sharpness; pungency of taste.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Velocity; celerity; rapidity; speed; haste;
expedition; promptness; dispatch; swiftness; nimbleness; fleetness;
agility; briskness; liveliness; readiness; sagacity; shrewdness;
shrewdness; sharpness; keenness.</p>

<p><hw>Quick"sand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sand easily
moved or readily yielding to pressure; especially, a deep mass of
loose or moving sand mixed with water, sometimes found at the mouth of
a river or along some coasts, and very dangerous, from the difficulty
of extricating a person who begins sinking into it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Life hath <i>quicksands</i>, -- Life hath
snares!</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1178 !></p>

<p><hw>Quick"-scent`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acute of
smell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A living plant
set to grow, esp. when set for a hedge; specifically, the
hawthorn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"set`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of
quickset.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dates and pomegranates on the <i>quickset</i>
hedges.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quick"set`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To plant with
living shrubs or trees for a hedge; as, to <i>quickset</i> a
ditch.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quick"-sight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
quick sight or acute discernment; quick to see or to discern.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p>--<wf>Quick"-sight`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Quick"sil`ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quick</i>
living + <i>silver</i>; -- so called from its fluidity; cf. G.
<i>quecksilber</i>, L. <i>argentum vivum</i>. See <u>Quick</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The metal mercury; -- so
called from its resemblance to liquid silver.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quicksilver horizon</b></col>, <cd>a mercurial artificial
horizon. See under <u>Horizon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Quicksilver
water</b></col>, <cd>a solution of mercury nitrate used in artificial
silvering; quick water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quick"sil`vered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overlaid
with quicksilver, or with an amalgam of quicksilver and
tinfoil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"sil`ver*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
mercury and foil on the back of a looking-glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"step`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
lively, spirited march; also, a lively style of dancing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quick"-wit`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having ready
wit</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quick"-wit`ted*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Readiness
of wit.</def> "Celtic <i>quick-wittedness</i>."  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quick"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> A
term somewhat loosely used to denote: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>All the
submerged section of a vessel's planking.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The planking between the spirketing and the clamps.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The short planks between the
portholes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cud</u>.] <def>A
portion suitable to be chewed; a cud; as, a <i>quid</i> of
tobacco.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quid</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>To drop
from the mouth, as food when partially chewed; -- said of
horses.</def>  <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Qui"dam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Somebody;
one unknown.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quid"da*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>cydoneum</i>
quince juice, quince wine. See <u>Quince</u>.] <def>A confection of
quinces, in consistency between a sirup and marmalade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quid"da*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Quiddity</u>.] <def>Constituting, or containing, the essence of a
thing; quidditative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quid"dit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Quiddity</u>,
<u>Quillet</u>, and <u>Quibble</u>.] <def>A subtilty; an
equivocation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By some strange <i>quiddit</i> or some wrested
clause.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quid"di*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Quiddative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quid"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quiddities</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>quidditas</i>, fr. L.
<i>quid</i> what, neut. of <i>quis</i> who, akin to E. <i>who</i>: cf.
F. <i>quiddit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The essence,
nature, or distinctive peculiarity, of a thing; that which answers the
question, <i>Quid est</i>? or, What is it?</def> " The degree of
nullity and <i>quiddity</i>."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>quiddity</i> or characteristic difference of
poetry as distinguished from prose.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trifling nicety; a cavil; a
quibble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We laugh at the <i>quiddities</i> of those writers
now.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quid"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quiddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quiddling</u> (?).] [L. <i>quid</i> what.] <def>To spend time in
trifling employments, or to attend to useful subjects in an
indifferent or superficial manner; to dawdle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quid"dle</hw> (?), <hw>Quid"dler</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wastes his energy about
trifles.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quid"nunc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., what now?]
<def>One who is curious to know everything that passes; one who knows,
or pretends to know, all that is going on.</def> "The idle stories of
<i>quidnuncs</i>."  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qui*esce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quiesced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quiescing</u> (?).] [L. <i>quiescere</i>, akin to <i>quies</i>
rest, quiet. See <u>Quiet</u>, <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>] <def>To be
silent, as a letter; to have no sound.</def>  <i>M. Stuart.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Qui*es"cence</hw> (?), <hw>Qui*es"cen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quiescentia</i>, fr. <i>quiescens</i>, p.
pr.; cf. F. <i>quiestence</i>. See <u>Quiesce</u>.] <def>The state or
quality of being quiescent.</def> "<i>Quiescence</i>, bodily and
mental."  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Deeds will be done; -- while be boasts his
<i>quiescence</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qui*es"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quiescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>quiescere</i>: cf. F.
<i>quiescent</i>. See <u>Quiesce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being
in a state of repose; at rest; still; not moving; as, a
<i>quiescent</i> body or fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not ruffed with passion; unagitated; not in
action; not excited; quiet; dormant; resting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In times of national security, the feeling of
patriotism . . . is so <i>quiescent</i> that it seems hardly to
exist.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Not sounded; silent; as, y
is <i>quiescent</i> in "<i>day</i>" and "<i>say</i>."</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui*es"cent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A
silent letter.</def>  <i>M. Stuart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qui*es"cent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a quiescent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Quieter</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Quietest</u>.] [L. <i>quietus</i>, p. p.
pf <i>quiescere</i> to rest, keep quiet; akin to <i>quies</i> rest,
and prob. to E. <i>while</i>, n. See <u>While</u>, and cf. <u>Coy</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Quiesce</u>, <u>Quietus</u>, <u>Quit</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Quite</u>, <u>Requiem</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a state of rest or calm; without stir,
motion, or agitation; still; as, a <i>quiet</i> sea; <i>quiet</i>
air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . were <i>quiet</i> all the night, saying, In
the morning, when it is day, we shall kill him.</blockquote> <i>Judg.
xvi. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from noise or disturbance; hushed;
still.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not excited or anxious; calm; peaceful;
placid; settled; as, a <i>quiet</i> life; a <i>quiet</i>
conscience.</def> " So <i>quiet</i> and so sweet a style."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That son, who on the <i>quiet</i> state of man<BR>
Such trouble brought.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not giving offense; not exciting disorder
or trouble; not turbulent; gentle; mild; meek; contented.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ornament of a meek and <i>quiet</i>
spirit.</blockquote> <i>1 Pet. iii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will sit as <i>quiet</i> as a lamb.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not showy; not such as to attract
attention; undemonstrative; as, a <i>quiet</i> dress; <i>quiet</i>
colors; a <i>quiet</i> movement.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Still; tranquil; calm; unruffled; smooth;
unmolested; undisturbed; placid; peaceful; mild; peaceable; meek;
contented.</p>

<p><hw>Qui"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quies</i>, <i>-
etis</i>. See <u>Quiet</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being quiet, or in
repose; as an hour or a time of <i>quiet</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from disturbance, noise, or alarm;
stillness; tranquillity; peace; security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And join with thee, calm Peace and
<i>Quiet</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At quiet</b></col>, <cd>still; peaceful.</cd> -- <col><b>In
quiet</b></col>, <cd>quietly.</cd> " I will depart <i>in quiet</i>."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Out of quiet</b></col>, <cd>disturbed;
restless.</cd> [Obs.] "She is much <i>out of quiet</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qui"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quieted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quieting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stop motion in; to still;
to reduce to a state of rest, or of silence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To calm; to appease; to pacify; to lull; to
allay; to tranquillize; as, to <i>quiet</i> the passions; to
<i>quiet</i> clamors or disorders; to <i>quiet</i> pain or
grief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Quiet</i> yourselves, I pray, and be at
peace.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qui"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become still,
silent, or calm; -- often with <i>down</i>; as, be soon <i>quieted</i>
down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui"et*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quietness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qui"et*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, quiets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui"et*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>qui&eacute;tisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Peace or
tranquillity of mind; calmness; indifference; apathy; dispassion;
indisturbance; inaction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>The system of the
Quietists, who maintained that religion consists in the withdrawal of
the mind from worldly interests and anxieties and its constant
employment in the passive contemplation of God and his
attributes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui"et*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>qui&eacute;tiste</i>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect of
mystics originated in the seventeenth century by Molinos, a Spanish
priest living in Rome. See <u>Quietism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui`et*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Quietists, or to Quietism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui"et*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a quiet state or manner; without motion; in a state of rest;
as, to lie or sit <i>quietly</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without tumult, alarm, dispute, or
disturbance; peaceably; as, to live <i>quietly</i>; to sleep
<i>quietly</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Calmly, without agitation or violent
emotion; patiently; as, to submit <i>quietly</i> to unavoidable
evils.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Noiselessly; silently; without remark or
violent movement; in a manner to attract little or no observation; as,
he <i>quietly</i> left the room.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui"et*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being quiet; freedom from noise, agitation, disturbance, or
excitement; stillness; tranquillity; calmness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would have peace and <i>quietness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qui"et*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Calm;
still.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qui"e*tude</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quietudo</i>: cf.
F. <i>qui&eacute;tude</i>.] <def>Rest; repose; quiet;
tranquillity.</def>  <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qui*e"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>quietus</i>
quit, discharged, L., at rest, quiet, dead. See <u>Quiet</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Quit</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Final discharge or acquittance, as from debt or obligation; that
which silences claims; (Fig.) rest; death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he himself might his <i>quietus</i> make<BR>
With a bare bodkin.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps fr. F.
<i>quille</i> ninepin (see <u>Kayless</u>); but cf. also G.
<i>kiel</i> a quill. MHG. <i>kil</i>, and Ir. <i>cuille</i> a quill.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the large feathers of a bird's wing, or
one of the rectrices of the tail; also, the stock of such a
feather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pen for writing made by sharpening and
splitting the point or nib of the stock of a feather; as, history is
the proper subject of his <i>quill</i>.</def>  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
spine of the hedgehog or porcupine.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
pen of a squid. See <u>Pen</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
plectrum with which musicians strike the strings of certain
instruments.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The tube of a musical
instrument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He touched the tender stops of various
<i>quills</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Something having the form of a quill</def>;
as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The fold or plain of a ruff.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A spindle, or spool, as of
reed or wood, upon which the thread for the woof is wound in a
shuttle.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A hollow
spindle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quill bit</b></col>, <cd>a bit for boring resembling the
half of a reed split lengthways and having its end sharpened like a
gouge.</cd> -- <col><b>Quill driver</b></col>, <cd>one who works with
a pen; a writer; a clerk.</cd> [Jocose] -- <col><b>Quill
nib</b></col>, <cd>a small quill pen made to be used with a
holder.</cd>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quilling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To plaint in small
cylindrical ridges, called quillings; as, to <i>quill</i> a
ruffle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His cravat seemed <i>quilled</i> into a
ruff.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wind on a quill, as thread or
yarn.</def>  <i>Judd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quil*la"ia bark`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The bark of a
rosaceous tree (<i>Quillaja Saponaria</i>), native of Chili. The bark
is finely laminated, and very heavy with alkaline substances, and is
used commonly by the Chilians instead of soap. Also called <i>soap
bark</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quill"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An American fresh-water fish (<i>Ictiobus, or Carpiodes,
cyprinus</i>); -- called also <i>carp sucker</i>, <i>sailfish</i>,
<i>spearfish</i>, and <i>skimback</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quilled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
quills; also, shaped like quills.</def> "A sharp-<i>quilled</i>
porcupine."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Quilled suture</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>a variety of
stitch in which the threads after being passed deeply through the
edges of a wound are secured about two quills or bodies of similar
shape, in order to produce a suitable degree of pressure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quil"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quidlibet</i>
what you please.  Cf. <u>Quiddit</u>, and <u>Quibble</u>.]
<def>Subtilty; nicety; quibble.</def> "Nice, sharp <i>quillets</i> of
the law."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quill"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A band of linen, muslin, or the like, fluted, folded, or plaited
so as somewhat to resemble a row of quills.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the rounded plaits or flutings of such a band.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quill"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant or species of the genus <i>Isoetes</i>, cryptogamous
plants with a cluster of elongated four-tubed rushlike leaves, rising
from a corm, and containing spores in their enlarged and excavated
bases. There are about seventeen American species, usually growing in
the mud under still, shallow water. So called from the shape of the
shape of the leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quilt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>quilte</i>, OF.
<i>cuilte</i>, L. <i>culcita &?;</i> bed, cushion, mattress.  Cf. 2d
<u>Counterpoint</u>, <u>Cushion</u>.] <def>Anything that is quilted;
esp., a quilted bed cover, or a skirt worn by women; any cover or
garment made by putting wool, cotton, etc., between two cloths and
stitching them together; also, any outer bed cover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The beds were covered with magnificent
<i>quilts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quilt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quilted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quilting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stitch or sew together at
frequent intervals, in order to confine in place the several layers of
cloth and wadding of which a garment, comforter, etc., may be made;
as, to <i>quilt</i> a coat.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wad, as a garment, with warm soft
material.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stitch or sew in lines or
patterns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quilt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, quilts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quilt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of stitching or running in patterns, as in making a
quilt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quilting bee. See <u>Bee</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The material used for making
quilts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A coating of strands of rope
for a water vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
European scallop (<i>Pecten opercularis</i>), used as food.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Quin*al"dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quin</i>oline +
<i>alde</i>hyde + anil<i>ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless
liquid of a slightly pungent odor,
C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>6</sub>N.CH<sub>3</sub>, first obtained as a
condensation product of aldehyde and aniline, and regarded as a
derivative of quinoline; -- called also <i>methyl quinoline</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>chinaldine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Qui"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>quinarius</i>,
from <i>quini</i> five each, akin to <i>quinque</i> five: cf. F.
<i>quinaire</i>. See <u>Five</u>.] <def>Consisting of five; arranged
by fives.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Quinary system</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
fanciful classification based on the hypothesis that each group
contains five types.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Qui"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>quini</i> five
each.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing in sets of five; -- said especially
of leaves composed of five leaflets set at the end of a common
petiole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of quinic acid.</def> [Written also <i>kinate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quin"a*zol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quin</i>oline +
<i>az</i>ote.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A complex nitrogenous base related
to cinnoline.</def> [Written also <i>chinazol</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quince</hw> (kw&ibreve;ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. a pl.
from OE. <i>quyne</i>, <i>coin</i>, OF. <i>coin</i>, <i>cooin</i>, F.
<i>coing</i>, from L. <i>Cydonius</i> a quince tree, as adj.,
Cydonian, Gr. &?; Cydonian, &?; &?; a quince, fr. &?; Cydonia, a city
in Crete, &?; the Cydonians.  Cf. <u>Quiddany</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The fruit of a shrub (<i>Cydonia vulgaris</i>) belonging to the
same tribe as the apple. It somewhat resembles an apple, but differs
in having many seeds in each carpel. It has hard flesh of high flavor,
but very acid, and is largely used for marmalade, jelly, and
preserves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>a quince tree or
shrub.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Japan quince</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an Eastern
Asiatic shrub (<i>Cydonia</i>, formerly <i>Pyrus, Japonica</i>) and
its very fragrant but inedible fruit. The shrub has very showy
flowers, usually red, but sometimes pink or white, and is much grown
for ornament.</cd> -- <col><b>Quince curculio</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small gray and yellow curculio
(<i>Conotrachelus crat&aelig;gi</i>) whose larva lives in
quinces.</cd> -- <col><b>Quince tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
small tree (<i>Cydonia vulgaris</i>) which produces the
quince.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quince"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The squinancy.  Called also <i>quinsywort</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quinch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OD.
<i>quincken</i> to quiver, shake, Fries. <i>quink</i> hovering.  Cf.
<u>Quich</u>.] <def>To stir; to wince.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quin*cun"cial</hw> (?), [L. <i>quincuncialis</i>, from
<i>quincunx</i>. See <u>Quincunx</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of a quincunx.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the leaves of a
pentamerous calyx or corolla so imbricated that two are exterior, two
are interior, and the other has one edge exterior and one interior;
as, <i>quincuncial</i> &aelig;stivation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quincuncial phyllotaxy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
arrangement of five leaves in a spiral, each leaf two fifths of a
circle from the next.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quin*cun"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner or order of a quincunx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"cunx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>quinque</i> five + <i>uncia</i> an ounce. The quincunx was marked
by five small spots or balls. See <u>Five</u>, and <u>Ounce</u> the
weight.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An arrangement of things by fives in
a square or a rectangle, one being placed at each corner and one in
the middle; especially, such an arrangement of trees repeated
indefinitely, so as to form a regular group with rows running in
various directions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The position of planets
when distant from each other five signs, or 150&deg;.</def>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A quincuncial arrangement, as
of the parts of a flower in &aelig;stivation. See <u>Quincuncial</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin*dec"a*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quindec</i>im fifteen + Gr. &?; angle.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane
figure with fifteen angles, and consequently fifteen sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Quin`de*cem"vir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Quindecemvirs</b></plw> (#), L.
<plw><b>Quindecemviri</b></plw> (#). [L., from <i>quindecim</i>
fifteen + <i>vir</i> a man.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>One of a
sacerdotal college of fifteen men whose chief duty was to take care of
the Sibylline books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin`de*cem"vi*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quindecimviratus</i>.] <def>The body or office of the
quindecemviri.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin*dec"one</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quindecim</i> fifteen.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An unsaturated
hydrocarbon, C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>26</sub>, of the valylene series,
produced artificially as an oily liquid.</def> [Written also
<i>quindekone</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 1179 !></p>

<p><hw>Quin`de*cyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quindecim</i> fifteen + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, or designating, an acid of the fatty acid series, containing
fifteen atoms of carbon; called also <i>pentadecylic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"dem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fifteenth
part.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Quin"dism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
fifteenth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quin*hy"drone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quin</i>one +
<i>hydro</i>quinone.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A green crystalline
substance formed by the union of quinone with hydroquinone, or as an
intermediate product in the oxidation of hydroquinone or the reduction
of quinone.</def> [Written also <i>chinhydrone</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Quin"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Quinine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quini</i> five
each.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An interval of a fifth; also, a part sung
with such intervals.</def> [Obs.] "He sang . . . a loud
<i>quynyble</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Quinine</u>, and
cf. <u>Kinic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, derived from, or
connected with, quinine and related compounds; specifically,
designating a nonnitrogenous acid obtained from cinchona bark, coffee,
beans, etc., as a white crystalline substance.</def> [Written also
<i>chinic</i>, <i>kinic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quin"i*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An uncrystallizable alkaloid obtained by the action of heat from
quinine, with which it is isomeric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An alkaloid isomeric with, and resembling, quinine, found in
certain species of cinchona, from which it is extracted as a bitter
white crystalline substance; conchinine. It is used somewhat as a
febrifuge.</def> [Written also <i>chinidine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Qui"nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. (cf. Sp.
<i>quinina</i>), fr. Sp. <i>quina</i>, or <i>quinaquina</i>, Peruvian
bark, fr. Peruv. <i>kina</i>, <i>quina</i>, bark.  Cf. <u>Kinic</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid extracted from the bark of several
species of cinchona (esp. <i>Cinchona Calisaya</i>) as a bitter white
crystalline substance,
C<sub>20</sub>H<sub>24</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Hence, by
extension <i>(Med.)</i>, any of the salts of this alkaloid, as the
acetate, chloride, sulphate, etc., employed as a febrifuge or
antiperiodic. Called also <i>quinia</i>, <i>quinina</i>, etc.</def>
[Written also <i>chinine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Qui*nin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous acid obtained as a
yellow crystalline substance by the oxidation of quinine.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Qui"nin*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Qui"nism</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Cinchonism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui*niz"a*rin</hw> (?), [Hydro<i>quin</i>one +
<i>alizarin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow crystalline substance
produced artificially. It is isomeric with alizarin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"i*zine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quin</i>oline +
hydra<i>zine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>any one of a series of
nitrogenous bases, certain of which are used as
antipyretics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"nat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The California salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus
choicha</i>); -- called also <i>chouicha</i>, <i>king salmon</i>,
<i>chinnook salmon</i>, and <i>Sacramento salmon</i>. It is of great
commercial importance.</def> [Written also <i>quinnet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Qui*no"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The seeds of a
kind of goosewort (<i>Chenopodium Quinoa</i>), used in Chili and Peru
for making porridge or cakes; also, food thus made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quin</i>ine +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical of quinine
and related alkaloids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui*noid"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quin</i>ine +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med. (Chem.)</i> <def>A brownish resinous substance
obtained as a by-product in the treatment of cinchona bark. It
consists of a mixture of several alkaloids.</def> [Written also
<i>chinoidine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quin"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quin</i>ine + L.
<i>ol</i>eum oil + <i>-ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous
base, C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>7</sub>N obtained as a pungent colorless
liquid by the distillation of alkaloids, bones, coal tar, etc. It the
nucleus of many organic bodies, especially of certain alkaloids and
related substances; hence, by extension, any one of the series of
alkaloidal bases of which quinoline proper is the type.</def> [Written
also <i>chinoline</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Qui*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in quinology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quin</i>ine +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats of the cultivation of the
cinchona, and of its use in medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui"none</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quin</i>ine +
ket<i>one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (called also
<i>benzoketone</i>), first obtained by the oxidation of quinic acid
and regarded as a double ketone; also, by extension, any one of the
series of which quinone proper is the type.</def> [Written also
<i>chinone</i>, <i>kinone</i>.]
</p>

<p><hw>Qui*no"vic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, a crystalline acid obtained from
some varieties of cinchona bark.</def> [Written also <i>chinovic</i>,
and <i>kinovic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Qui*no"vin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>quina
nova</i> the tree <i>Cosmibuena magnifolia</i>, whose bark yields
quinovin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An amorphous bitter glucoside derived
from cinchona and other barks. Called also <i>quinova bitter</i>, and
<i>quinova</i>.</def> [Written also <i>chinovin</i>, and
<i>kinovin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quin*ox"a*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quin</i>oline
+ gly<i>oxal</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of complex
nitrogenous bases obtained by the union of certain aniline derivatives
with glyoxal or with certain ketones.</def> [Written also
<i>chinoxaline</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quin*ox"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quin</i>one +
<i>oxy</i>gen + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical
radical of certain quinone derivatives related to rhodizonic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui"noyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quin</i>one + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A radical of which quinone is the
hydride, analogous to phenyl.</def> [Written also <i>kinoyl</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quin`qua*ges"i*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>quinquagesimus</i> the fiftieth, akin to <i>quinquaginta</i> fifty,
<i>quinque</i> five. See <u>Five</u>.] <def>Fiftieth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quinquagesima Sunday</b></col>, <cd>the Sunday which is the
fiftieth day before Easter, both days being included in the reckoning;
-- called also <i>Shrove Sunday</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quin*quan"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quinquanqulus</i>; <i>quinque</i> five + <i>angulus</i> ad angle:
cf. F. <i>quinquangulaire</i>.] <def>Having five angles or
corners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin`quar*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Quin</i>que- + <i>article</i>.] <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Relating to
the five articles or points; as, the <i>quinquarticular</i>
controversy between Arminians and Calvinists.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quin"que-</hw> (?). [L. <i>quinque</i> five. See <u>Five</u>.]
<def>A combining form meaning <i>five</i>, <i>five times</i>,
<i>fivefold</i>; as, <i>quinque</i>fid, five-cleft;
<i>quinque</i>dentate, five-toothed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"que*an`gled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quinque-
</i> + <i>angle</i>.] <def>Having five angles;
quinquangular.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quin`que*den"tate</hw> (?), <hw>Quin`que*den"ta*ted</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quinque-</i> + <i>dentate</i>, <i>-
tated</i>: cf. F. <i>quinqu&eacute;dent&eacute;</i>.] <def>Five-
toothed; as, a <i>quinquedentate</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin`que*fa"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>quinque</i> five: cf. F. <i>quinqu&eacute;fari&eacute;</i>.  Cf.
<u>Bifarious</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Arranged in five vertical rows;
pentastichous.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quin"que*fid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quique-</i> +
the root of L. <i>findere</i> to cleave: cf. F.
<i>quinqu&eacute;fide</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Sharply cut about
halfway to the middle or base into five segments; as, a
<i>quinquefid</i> leaf or corolla.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quin`que*fo"li*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Quin`que*fo"li*a`ted</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quinque-</i> + <i>foliate</i>, <i>-
ated</i>: cf. F. <i>quinqu&eacute;foli&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>quinquefolius</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having five leaves or
leaflets.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quin`que fo"li*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having five leaflets.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quin`que*lit"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quinque-
</i> + <i>literal</i>.] <def>Consisting of five letters.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quin`que*lo"bate</hw> (?), <hw>Quin`que*lo"ba*red</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quinque-</i> + <i>lobate</i>, <i>-ated</i>:
cf. F. <i>quinqu&eacute;lob&eacute;</i>.] <def>Cut less than halfway
into portions, usually somewhat rounded; five-lobed; as, a
<i>quinquelobate</i> leaf or corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"que*lobed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quinque-</i>
+ <i>lobe</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Quinquelobate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin`que*loc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quinque-
</i> + <i>locular</i>: cf. F. <i>quinqu&eacute;loculaire</i>.]
<def>Having five cells or loculi; five-celled; as, a
<i>quinquelocular</i> pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"que*nerved`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quinque-
</i> + <i>nerve</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having five nerves; -- said
of a leaf with five nearly equal nerves or ribs rising from the end of
the petiole.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Quin`quen*na"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>quinquennalis</i>. See <u>Ouinquennial</u>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>
<def>Public games celebrated every five years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin*quen"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quinquennalis</i> and <i>quinquennis</i>; <i>quinque</i> five +
<i>annus</i> year. See <u>Five</u>, <i>and cf</i>. <u>Biennial</u>.]
<def>Occurring once in five years, or at the end of every five years;
also, lasting five years. A quinquennial event.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin*quen"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Space
of five years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin*quep"ar*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quinquepartitus</i>; <i>quinque</i> five + <i>partitus</i>, p. p.
of <i>partire</i> to divide: cf. F. <i>quinqu&eacute;partite</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of five parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided into five parts
almost to the base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"que*reme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quinqueremis</i>; <i>quinque</i> five + <i>remus</i> an oar: cf. F.
<i>quinqu&eacute;r&egrave;me</i>] <def>A galley having five benches or
banks of oars; as, an Athenian <i>quinquereme</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"que*syl`la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quinque-
</i> + <i>syllable</i>.] <def>A word of five syllables.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quin"que*valve</hw> (?), <hw>Quin`que*val"vu*lar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quinque-</i> + <i>valve</i>, <i>valvular</i>:
cf. F. <i>quinqu&eacute;valve</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having five
valves, as a pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Quin"que*vir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl; E.
<plw><b>Quinquevirs</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Quinqueviri</b></plw>
(#). [L., fr. <i>quinque</i> Five + <i>vir</i> man.] <i>(Bot.
Antiq.)</i> <def>One of five commissioners appointed for some special
object.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Quin*qui"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. &amp; F. See
<u>Quinine</u>.] <def>Peruvian bark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin*quiv"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Quinque-
</i> + L. <i>valens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr.  See <u>Valence</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pentavalent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr.
<i>squinancy</i>, F. <i>esquinancie</i>, L. <i>cynanche</i> a sort of
sore throat, Gr. &?; sore throat, dog quinsy, fr. &?; dog + &?; to
choke; cf. also L. <i>synanche</i> sore throat, Gr. &?;.  Cf.
<u>Hound</u>, <u>Anger</u>, and <u>Cynanche</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An inflammation of the throat, or parts adjacent, especially of
the fauces or tonsils, attended by considerable swelling, painful and
impeded deglutition, and accompanied by inflammatory fever. It
sometimes creates danger of suffocation; -- called also
<i>squinancy</i>, and <i>squinzey</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quinte</i>, fr. L.
<i>quintus</i>, <i>quinta</i>, the fifth, <i>quinque</i> five. See
<u>Five</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A set or sequence of five, as in
piquet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The interval of a
fifth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quintaine</i>,
LL. <i>quintana</i>; cf. W. <i>chwintan</i> a kind of hymeneal game.]
<def>An object to be tilted at; -- called also <i>quintel</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>quintin</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; A common form in the Middle Ages was an upright post, on the
top of which turned a crosspiece, having on one end a broad board, and
on the other a sand bag. The endeavor was to strike the board with the
lance while riding under, and get away without being hit by the sand
bag. "But a <i>quintain</i>, a mere lifeless block."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quin"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp.
<i>quintal</i>, fr. Ar. <i>qintar</i> a weight of 100 lbs., prob. fr.
L. <i>centenarius</i> consisting of a hundred, fr. <i>centeni</i> a
hundred each, fr. <i>centum</i> a hundred. See <u>Hundred</u>, and cf.
<u>Kentle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hundredweight, either 112 or
100 pounds, according to the scale used.  Cf. <u>Cental</u>.</def>
[Sometimes written and pronounced <i>kentle</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A metric measure of weight, being 100,000
grams, or 100 kilograms, equal to 220.46 pounds avoirdupois.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>quintanus</i>,
fr. <i>quintus</i> fifth, <i>quinque</i> five. See <u>Five</u>.]
<def>Occurring as the fifth, after four others also, occurring every
fifth day, reckoning inclusively; as, a <i>quintan</i> fever.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An intermittent fever which
returns every fifth day, reckoning inclusively, or in which the
intermission lasts three days.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Quintain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin*tes"sence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>quinta essentia</i> fifth essence. See <u>Quint</u>, and
<u>Essence</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fifth or last and highest
essence or power in a natural body. See <i>Ferment oils</i>, under
<u>Ferment</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; The ancient Greeks recognized four elements, fire, air,
water, and earth. The Pythagoreans added a fifth and called it nether,
the fifth essence, which they said flew upward at creation and out of
it the stars were made. The alchemists sometimes considered alcohol,
or the ferment oils, as the fifth essence.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: An extract from anything, containing
its rarest virtue, or most subtle and essential constituent in a small
quantity; pure or concentrated essence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let there be light, said God; and forthwith light<BR>
Ethereal, first of things, <i>quintessence</i> pure,<BR>
Sprung from the deep.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quin*tes"sence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To distil or
extract as a quintessence; to reduce to a quintessence.</def> [R.]
<i>Stirling.</i> "Truth <i>quintessenced</i> and raised to the highest
power."  <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quin`tes*sen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of a quintessence; purest.</def> "<i>Quintessential</i> extract
of mediocrity."  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quin*tet"</hw>, <hw>Quin*tette"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>quintetto</i>, dim. of <i>quinto</i> the
fifth, a fifth part, from L. <i>quintus</i> the fifth: cf. F.
<i>quintette</i>. See <u>Quint</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A composition
for five voices or instruments; also, the set of five persons who sing
or play five-part music.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>quintus</i>
fifth, fr. <i>quinque</i> five.] <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>Of the fifth
degree or order.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A
quantic of the fifth degree. See <u>Quantic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>quintil
aspect</i>, fr. L. <i>quintus</i> the fifth.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>The aspect of planets when separated the fifth part of the
zodiac, or 72&deg;.</def>
  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quin*till"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed fr. L.
<i>quintus</i> the fifth, after the analogy of <i>million</i>: cf. F.
<i>quintillion</i>. See <u>Quint</u>.] <def>According to the French
notation, which is used on the Continent and in America, the cube of a
million, or a unit with eighteen ciphers annexed; according to the
English notation, a number produced by involving a million to the
fifth power, or a unit with thirty ciphers annexed. See the Note under
<u>Numeration</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Quintain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quintus</i> the
fifth: cf. F. <i>quintine</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The embryonic sac
of an ovule, sometimes regarded as an innermost fifth integument.  Cf.
<u>Quartine</u>, and <u>Tercine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"tole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>quinto</i>
fifth.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A group of five notes to be played or sung
in the time of four of the same species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"tu*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>quintus</i>
fifth: cf. F. <i>quintuple</i>, L. <i>quintuplex</i>.  Cf.
<u>Quadruple</u>.] <def>Multiplied by five; increased to five times
the amount; fivefold.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quintuple time</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a time having
five beats in a measure. It is seldom used.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quin"tu*ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quintupled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quintupling</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>quintupler</i>.] <def>To make
fivefold, or five times as much or many.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Quit"tu*ple-nerved`</hw> (?), <hw>Quin"tu*ple-ribbed`</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The same as
<u>Quinquenerved</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"zaine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from
<i>quinze</i> fifteen, L. <i>quindecim</i>. See <u>Fifteen</u>.]
<def>The fifteenth day after a feast day, including both in the
reckoning.</def> [Written also <i>quinzain</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Quinze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A game at cards
in which the object is to make fifteen points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>chwip</i> a
quick flirt or turn, <i>chwipio</i> to whip, to move briskly, and E.
<i>whip</i>.  Cf. <u>Quib</u>, <u>Quibble</u>.] <def>A smart,
sarcastic turn or jest; a taunt; a severe retort; a gibe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Quips</i>, and cranks, and wanton
wiles.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was full of joke and jest,<BR>
But all his merry <i>quips</i> are o'er.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quipping</u> (?).] <def>To taunt; to treat with quips.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The more he laughs, and does her closely
<i>quip</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quip</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To scoff; to use
taunts.</def>  <i>Sir H. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qui"po</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Quipu</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Qui"pu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Quipus</b></plw> (#). [Peruv. <i>quipu</i> a knot.] <def>A
contrivance employed by the ancient Peruvians, Mexicans, etc., as a
substitute for writing and figures, consisting of a main cord, from
which hung at certain distances smaller cords of various colors, each
having a special meaning, as silver, gold, corn, soldiers. etc.
Single, double, and triple knots were tied in the smaller cords,
representing definite numbers. It was chiefly used for arithmetical
purposes, and to register important facts and events.</def> [Written
also <i>quipo</i>.] <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mysterious science of the <i>quipus</i> . . .
supplied the Peruvians with the means of communicating their ideas to
one another, and of transmitting them to future
generations.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quir"boil*ly`</hw> (kw&ibreve;r"boi*l&emacr;`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>cuir bouilli</i>.] <def>Leather softened
by boiling so as to take any required shape. Upon drying, it becomes
exceedingly hard, and hence was formerly used for armor.</def> [Obs.]
"His jambeux were of <i>quyrboilly</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quire</hw> (kw&imacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Choir</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>quire</i> of such enticing birds.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quire</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sing in
concert.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1180 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>Quire</hw> (kw&imacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>quaer</i>, <i>quair</i>, OF. <i>quayer</i>, <i>cayer</i>,
<i>ca&iuml;er</i>, F. <i>cahier</i>, a book of loose sheets, a quarter
of a quire, LL. <i>quaternus</i>, <i>quaternum</i>, sheets of paper
packed together, properly, four together, fr. L. <i>quaterni</i> four
each, by fours, <i>quattuor</i> four.  See <u>Four</u>, and cf.
<u>Cahier</u>.] <def>A collection of twenty-four sheets of paper of
the same size and quality, unfolded or having a single fold; one
twentieth of a ream.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quir"is*ter</hw> (kw&ibreve;r"&ibreve;s*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Quire</u>, <u>Chorister</u>.] <def>A
chorister. See <u>Chorister</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quir`i*ta"tion</hw>
(kw&ibreve;r`&ibreve;*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>quiritatio</i>, fr. <i>quiritare</i> to raise a plaintive cry, v.
freq. fr. <i>queri</i> to complain.] <def>A crying for help.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Qui"rite</hw> (kw&imacr;"r&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One of the Quirites.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Qui*ri"tes</hw> (kw&ibreve;*r&imacr;"t&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>Cures</i>, a Sabine town.] <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>Roman citizens.</def></p>

<p>&fist; After the Sabines and Romans had united themselves into one
community, under Romulus, the name of <i>Quirites</i> was taken in
addition to that of <i>Romani</i>, the Romans calling themselves in a
civil capacity <i>Quirites</i>, while in a political and military
capacity they retained the name of <i>Romani</i>.  <i>Andrews.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quirk</hw> (kw&etilde;rk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>querk</i>.] [Cf. W. <i>chwiori</i> to turn briskly, or E.
<i>queer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden turn; a starting from
the point or line; hence, an artful evasion or subterfuge; a shift; a
quibble; as, the <i>quirks</i> of a pettifogger.</def> "Some
<i>quirk</i> or . . . evasion."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We ground the justification of our nonconformity on
dark subtilties and intricate <i>quirks</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fit or turn; a short paroxysm; a
caprice.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Quirks</i> of joy and grief."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A smart retort; a quibble; a shallow
conceit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some odd <i>quirks</i> and remnants of
wit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An irregular air; as, light <i>quirks</i>
of music.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Building)</i> <def>A piece of ground taken
out of any regular ground plot or floor, so as to make a court, yard,
etc.; -- sometimes written <i>quink</i>.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small channel, deeply
recessed in proportion to its width, used to insulate and give relief
to a convex rounded molding.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quirk molding</b></col>, <cd>a bead between two
quirks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quirked</hw> (kw&etilde;rkt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having,
or formed with, a quirk or quirks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quirk"ish</hw> (kw&etilde;rk"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of quirks; resembling a quirk.</def>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quirk"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
quirks; tricky; as, a <i>quirky</i> lawyer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quirl</hw> (kw&etilde;rl), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Querl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quir"pele</hw> (kw&etilde;r"p&emacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Tamil <i>k&imacr;rippi&lsdot;&lsdot;ai</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Indian ferret.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quirt</hw> (kw&etilde;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rawhide
whip plaited with two thongs of buffalo hide.</def>  <i>T.
Roosevelt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quish</hw> (kw&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cuish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quit</hw> (kw&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of small
passerine birds native of tropical America. See <i>Banana quit</i>,
under <u>Banana</u>, and <u>Guitguit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quit</hw> (kw&ibreve;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>quite</i>, OF. <i>quite</i>, F. <i>quitte</i>. See <u>Quit</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Quiet</u>.] <def>Released from obligation,
charge, penalty, etc.; free; clear; absolved; acquitted.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The owner of the ox shall be <i>quit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xxi. 28.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word is sometimes used in the form <i>quits</i>,
colloquially; as, to be <i>quits</i> with one, that is, to have made
mutual satisfaction of demands with him; to be even with him; hence,
as an exclamation: <i>Quits</i>! we are even, or on equal terms. "To
cry <i>quits</i> with the commons in their complaints."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quit</u> or <u>Quitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Quitting</u>.] [OE. <i>quiten</i>, OF. <i>quiter</i>,
<i>quitier</i>, <i>cuitier</i>, F. <i>quitter</i>, to acquit, quit,
LL. <i>quietare</i>, fr. L. <i>quietare</i> to calm, to quiet, fr.
<i>quietus</i> quiet. See <u>Quiet</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Quit</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Quite</u>, <u>Acquit</u>,
<u>Requite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set at rest; to free, as
from anything harmful or oppressive; to relieve; to clear; to
liberate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>quit</i> you of this fear, you have already
looked Death in the face; what have you found so terrible in
it?</blockquote> <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To release from obligation, accusation,
penalty, or the like; to absolve; to acquit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There may no gold them <i>quyte</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God will relent, and <i>quit</i> thee all his
debt.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To discharge, as an obligation or duty; to
meet and satisfy, as a claim or debt; to make payment for or of; to
requite; to repay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The blissful martyr <i>quyte</i> you your
meed.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Enkindle all the sparks of nature<BR>
To <i>quit</i> this horrid act.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Before that judge that <i>quits</i> each soul his
hire.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To meet the claims upon, or expectations
entertained of; to conduct; to acquit; -- used reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be strong, and <i>quit</i> yourselves like
men.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. iv. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Samson hath <i>quit</i> himself<BR>
Like Samson.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To carry through; to go through to the
end.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Never worthy prince a day did <i>quit</i><BR>
With greater hazard and with more renown.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To have done with; to cease from; to stop;
hence, to depart from; to leave; to forsake; as, to <i>quit</i> work;
to <i>quit</i> the place; to <i>quit</i> jesting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a superficial way of examining is to <i>quit</i>
truth for appearance.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To quit cost</b></col>, <cd>to pay; to reimburse.</cd> --
<col><b>To quit scores</b></col>, <cd>to make even; to clear mutually
from demands.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Does not the earth <i>quit scores</i> with all the
elements in the noble fruits that issue from it?</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To leave; relinquish; resign; abandon; forsake;
surrender; discharge; requite.  -- <u>Quit</u>, <u>Leave</u>.
<i>Leave</i> is a general term, signifying merely an act of departure;
<i>quit</i> implies a going without intention of return, a final and
absolute abandonment.</p>

<p><hw>Quit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go away; to depart;
to stop doing a thing; to cease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quitch</hw> (kw&ibreve;ch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Quitch
grass</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: A vice; a taint; an
evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To pick the vicious <i>quitch</i><BR>
Of blood and custom wholly out of him.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quitch" grass`</hw> (kw&ibreve;ch" gr&adot;s`). [Properly
<i>quick grass</i>, being probably so called from its vigorous growth,
or from its tenacity of life. See <u>Quick</u>, and cf. <u>Couch
grass</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A perennial grass (<i>Agropyrum
repens</i>) having long running rootstalks, by which it spreads
rapidly and pertinaciously, and so becomes a troublesome weed. Also
called <i>couch grass</i>, <i>quack grass</i>, <i>quick grass</i>,
<i>twitch grass</i>. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quit"claim`</hw> (kw&ibreve;t"kl&amacr;m`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quit</i>, a. + <i>claim</i>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A release or relinquishment of a claim; a deed of release; an
instrument by which some right, title, interest, or claim, which one
person has, or is supposed to have, in or to an estate held by himself
or another, is released or relinquished, the grantor generally
covenanting only against persons who claim under himself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quit"claim`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quitclaimed</u> (-kl&amacr;md`); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Quitclaiming</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To release or
relinquish a claim to; to release a claim to by deed, without
covenants of warranty against adverse and paramount titles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quite</hw> (kw&imacr;t), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Quit</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quite</hw> (kw&imacr;t), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F.
<i>quitte</i> discharged, free, clear; cf. OF. <i>quitement</i>
freely, frankly, entirely. See <u>Quit</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Completely; wholly; entirely; totally;
perfectly; as, the work is not <i>quite</i> done; the object is
<i>quite</i> accomplished; to be <i>quite</i> mistaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man shall not <i>quite</i> be lost, but saved who
will.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The same actions may be aimed at different ends, and
arise from <i>quite</i> contrary principles.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To a great extent or degree; very; very
much; considerably.</def> "<i>Quite</i> amusing."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He really looks <i>quite</i> concerned.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The island stretches along the land and is <i>quite</i>
close to it.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd. ).</i></p>

<p><hw>Quit"ly</hw> (kw&ibreve;t"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Quite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quit"rent`</hw> (kw&ibreve;t"r&ebreve;nt`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Quit</i>, a. + <i>rent</i>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A rent reserved in grants of land, by the payment of which the
tenant is quit from other service.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In some of the United States a fee-farm rent is so termed.
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quits</hw> (kw&ibreve;ts), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>See
the Note under <u>Quit</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Quit"ta*ble</hw> (kw&ibreve;t"t&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being quitted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quit"tal</hw> (-t<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Return;
requital; quittance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Quit"tance</hw> (-t<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>quitaunce</i>, OF. <i>quitance</i>, F. <i>quittance</i>. See
<u>Quit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Discharge from a debt or an obligation; acquittance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Omittance is no <i>quittance</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Recompense; return; repayment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quit"tance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To repay; to
requite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quit"ter</hw> (-t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who quits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A deliverer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quit"tor</hw> (-t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps for
<i>quitture</i>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A chronic abscess, or fistula of
the coronet, in a horse's foot, resulting from inflammation of the
tissues investing the coffin bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quit"ture</hw> (-t&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
discharge; an issue.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To cleanse the <i>quitture</i> from thy
wound.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quiv"er</hw> (kw&ibreve;v"&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Akin to AS. <i>cwiferlice</i> anxiously; cf. OD. <i>kuiven</i>,
<i>kuiveren</i>.  Cf. <u>Quaver</u>.] <def>Nimble; active.</def>
[Obs.] " A little <i>quiver</i> fellow."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Quivered</u> (-&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Quivering</u>.] [Cf. <u>Quaver</u>.] <def>To shake or
move with slight and tremulous motion; to tremble; to quake; to
shudder; to shiver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The green leaves <i>quiver</i> with the cooling
wind.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And left the limbs still <i>quivering</i> on the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or state of
quivering; a tremor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cuivre</i>,
<i>cuevre</i>, <i>coivre</i>, LL. <i>cucurum</i>, fr. OHG.
<i>chohh&amacr;ri</i> quiver, receptacle, G. <i>k&ouml;cher</i>
quiver; akin to AS. <i>cocor</i>, <i>cocur</i>, <i>cocer</i>, D.
<i>koker</i>.  Cf. <u>Cocker</u> a high shoe.] <def>A case or sheath
for arrows to be carried on the person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beside him hung his bow<BR>
And <i>quiver</i>, with three-bolted thunder stored.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quiv"ered</hw> (-&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Furnished with, or carrying, a quiver.</def>
"Like a <i>quivered</i> nymph with arrows keen."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sheathed, as in a quiver.</def> "Whose
quills stand <i>quivered</i> at his ear."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quiv"er*ing*ly</hw> (-&etilde;r*&ibreve;ng*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With quivering motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Qui` vive"</hw> (k&esl;` v&esl;v"). [F., fr. <i>qui</i> who +
<i>vive</i>, pres. subj. of <i>vivre</i> to live.] <def>The challenge
of a French sentinel, or patrol; -- used like the English challenge:
"Who comes there?"</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be on the qui vive</b></col>, <cd>to be on guard; to be
watchful and alert, like a sentinel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quix*ot"ic</hw> (kw&ibreve;ks*&obreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like Don Quixote; romantic to extravagance;
absurdly chivalric; apt to be deluded.</def> "Feats of <i>quixotic</i>
gallantry."  <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quix*ot"ic*al*ly</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a quixotic way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quix"ot*ism</hw> (kw&ibreve;ks"&obreve;t*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That form of delusion which leads to
extravagant and absurd undertakings or sacrifices in obedience to a
morbidly romantic ideal of duty or honor, as illustrated by the
exploits of Don Quixote in knight-errantry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quix"ot*ry</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Quixotism; visionary schemes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quiz</hw> (kw&ibreve;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It is said that
Daly, the manager of a Dublin playhouse, laid a wager that a new word
of no meaning should be the common talk and puzzle of the city in
twenty-four hours. In consequence of this the letters <i>q u i z</i>
were chalked by him on all the walls of Dublin, with an effect that
won the wager. Perhaps, however, originally a variant of <i>whiz</i>,
and formerly the name of a popular game.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
riddle or obscure question; an enigma; a ridiculous hoax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who quizzes others; as, he is a great
<i>quiz</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An odd or absurd fellow.</def>  <i>Smart.
Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An exercise, or a course of exercises,
conducted as a coaching or as an examination.</def> [Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Quiz</hw> (kw&ibreve;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Quizzed</u> (kw&ibreve;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Quizzing</u> (-z&ibreve;ng).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To puzzle; to banter; to chaff or mock with pretended seriousness
of discourse; to make sport of, as by obscure questions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>quizzed</i> unmercifully all the men in the
room.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To peer at; to eye suspiciously or
mockingly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To instruct in or by a quiz. See
<u>Quiz</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Quizzing glass</b></col>, <cd>a small eyeglass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quiz</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To conduct a quiz. See
<u>Quiz</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Quiz"zer</hw> (-z&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
quizzes; a quiz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quiz"zic*al</hw> (-z&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to quizzing; given to quizzing; of the nature of a quiz;
farcical; sportive.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Quiz"zic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Quiz"zism</hw> (-z&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act or habit of quizzing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quob</hw> (kw&obreve;b), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Quaver</u>.] [Written also <i>quop</i> and <i>quab</i>.] <def>To
throb; to quiver.</def> [Local &amp; Vulgar]</p>

<p><hw>Quod</hw> (kw&obreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>quad</i>,
abbrev. of <i>quadrangle</i>.] <def>A quadrangle or court, as of a
prison; hence, a prison.</def> [Slang]  "Flogged or whipped in
<i>quod</i>."  <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quod</hw>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>Quoth; said. See
<u>Quoth</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"Let be," <i>quod</i> he, "it shall not
be."</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quod"dies</hw> (kw&obreve;d"d&ibreve;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> <def>Herring taken and cured or smoked near Quoddy Head,
Maine, or near the entrance of Passamaquoddy Bay.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Quod"li*bet</hw> (-l&ibreve;*b&ebreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., what you please.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A nice point; a subtilty; a debatable
point.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These are your <i>quodlibets</i>, but no
learning.</blockquote> <i>P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A medley improvised by
several performers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quod`lib*e*ta"ri*an</hw> (-
l&ibreve;b*&esl;*t&amacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who discusses any subject at pleasure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quod`li*bet"ic*al</hw> (-
l&ibreve;*b&ebreve;t"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Not restricted to a particular subject; discussed for curiosity
or entertainment.</def> -- <wf>Quod`li*bet"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Quoif</hw> (kwoif or koif), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Coif</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quoif"fure</hw> (kwoif"f&usl;r or koif"-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Coiffure</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quoil</hw> (kwoil or koil), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Coil</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Quoin</hw> (kwoin or koin; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Coin</u>, and cf. <u>Coigne</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Originally, a solid exterior angle, as of a building; now,
commonly, one of the selected pieces of material by which the corner
is marked.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In stone, the quoins consist of blocks larger than those
used in the rest of the building, and cut to dimension. In brickwork,
quoins consist of groups or masses of brick laid together, and in a
certain imitation of quoins of stone.</p>

<p>
<sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wedgelike piece of stone, wood, metal, or
other material, used for various purposes</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To support and steady a
stone.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>To support the
breech of a cannon.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To
wedge or lock up a form within a chase.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To prevent casks from rolling.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hollow quoin</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Hollow</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Quoin post</b></col> <i>(Canals)</i>, <cd>the post of a lock
gate which abuts against the wall.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quoit</hw> (kwoit or koit), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>coite</i>; cf. OF. <i>coitier</i> to spur, press, (assumed) LL.
<i>coctare</i>, fr. L. <i>coquere</i>, <i>coctum</i>, to cook, burn,
vex, harass, E. <i>cook</i>, also W. <i>coeten</i> a quoit.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A flattened ring-shaped
piece of iron, to be pitched at a fixed object in play; hence, any
heavy flat missile used for the same purpose, as a stone, piece of
iron, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>A game played
with quoits.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The discus of the ancients. See
<u>Discus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cromlech.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>J.
Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quoit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To throw quoits; to
play at quoits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>quoit</i>, to run, and steeds and chariots
drive.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quoit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw; to
pitch.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quoke</hw> (kw&omacr;k), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Quake</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quoll</hw> (kw&obreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marsupial of Australia (<i>Dasyurus
macrurus</i>), about the size of a cat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quon"dam</hw> (kw&obreve;n"d&abreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L., formerly.] <def>Having been formerly; former; sometime.</def>
"This is the <i>quondam</i> king."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quon"dam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person dismissed or
ejected from a position.</def> [R.] "Make them <i>quondams</i>; . . .
cast them out of their office."  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quook</hw> (kw&oocr;k), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Quake</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quop</hw> (kw&obreve;p), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Quob</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quo"rum</hw> (kw&omacr;"r&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
of whom, gen. pl. of <i>qui</i> who, akin to E. <i>who</i>. See the
Note below.] <def>Such a number of the officers or members of any body
as is competent by law or constitution to transact business; as, a
<i>quorum</i> of the House of Representatives; a constitutional
<i>quorum</i> was not present.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term arose from the Latin words, <i>Quorum aliquem
vestrum</i> . . . <i>unum esse volumus</i> (of whom we wish some one
of you to be one), which were used in the commission formerly issued
to justices of the peace in England, by which commission it was
directed that no business of certain kinds should be done without the
presence of one or more of certain justices specially designated.
<i>Justice of the peace and of the quorum</i> designates a class of
justices of the peace in some of the United States.</p>

<p><hw>Quo"ta</hw> (kw&omacr;"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr.
L. <i>quota</i> (sc. <i>pars</i>), fr. <i>quotus</i> which or what in
number, of what number, how many, fr. <i>quot</i> how many, akin to
<i>quis</i>, <i>qui</i>, who: cf. It. <i>quota</i> a share. See
<u>Who</u>.] <def>A proportional part or share; the share or
proportion assigned to each in a division.</def> "<i>Quota</i> of
troops and money."  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quot"a*ble</hw> (kw&omacr;t"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable or worthy of being quoted; as, a <i>quotable</i> writer;
a <i>quotable</i> sentence.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Quot`a*bil"i*ty</wf> (-b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quo*ta"tion</hw> (kw&osl;*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Quote</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of quoting or citing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is quoted or cited; a part of a
book or writing named, repeated, or adduced as evidence or
illustration.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1181 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The naming or publishing of
the current price of stocks, bonds, or any commodity; also, the price
named.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Quota; share.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A piece of hollow type
metal, lower than type, and measuring two or more pica ems in length
and breadth, used in the blank spaces at the beginning and end of
chapters, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Quotation marks</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>two inverted
commas placed at the beginning, and two apostrophes at the end, of a
passage quoted from an author in his own words.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Quo*ta"tion*ist</hw> (kw&osl;*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n*&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes, or is given to making,
quotations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The narrow intellectuals of
<i>quotationists</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quote</hw> (kw&omacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Quoted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Quoting</u>.] [OF. <i>quoter</i>, F. <i>coter</i> to letter,
number, to quote, LL. <i>quotare</i> to divide into chapters and
verses, fr. L. <i>quotus</i>. See <u>Quota</u>.] [Formerly written
also <i>cote</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cite, as a passage from
some author; to name, repeat, or adduce, as a passage from an author
or speaker, by way of authority or illustration; as, to <i>quote</i> a
passage from Homer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cite a passage from; to name as the
authority for a statement or an opinion; as, to <i>quote</i>
Shakespeare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To name the current price
of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To notice; to observe; to examine.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To set down, as in writing.</def> [Obs.]
"He's <i>quoted</i> for a most perfidious slave."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To cite; name; adduce; repeat. --  <u>Quote</u>,
<u>Cite</u>. To <i>cite</i> was originally to call into court as a
witness, etc., and hence denotes bringing forward any thing or person
as evidence. <i>Quote</i> usually signifies to reproduce another's
words; it is also used to indicate an appeal to some one as an
authority, without adducing his exact words.</p>

<p><hw>Quote</hw> (kw&omacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A note upon
an author.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quot"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
quotes the words of another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quoth</hw> (kw&omacr;th or kw&ubreve;th), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cwe&eth;an</i>, imp. <i>cw&aelig;&eth;</i>, pl.
<i>cw&aemacr;don</i>; akin to OS. <i>que&eth;an</i>, OHG.
<i>quethan</i>, <i>quedan</i>, Icel. <i>kve&eth;a</i>, Goth.
<i>qi&thorn;an</i>. &radic;22.  Cf. <u>Bequeath</u>.] <def>Said;
spoke; uttered; -- used only in the first and third persons in the
past tenses, and always followed by its nominative, the word or words
said being the object: as, <i>quoth I</i>, <i>quoth he</i>.</def> "Let
me not live, <i>quoth</i> he."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quoth"a</hw> (-&adot;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [For <i>quoth
'a</i> said he, <i>'a</i> being corrupted from <i>he</i>.]
<def>Indeed; forsooth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To affront the blessed hillside drabs and thieves<BR>
With mended morals, <i>quotha</i>, -- fine new lives !</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quo*tid"i*an</hw> (kw&osl;*t&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>cotidian</i>, L. <i>quotidianus</i>, fr.
<i>quotidie</i> daily; <i>quotus</i> how many + <i>dies</i> day: cf.
OF. <i>cotidien</i>, F. <i>quotidien</i>. See <u>Quota</u>,
<u>Deity</u>.] <def>Occurring or returning daily; as, a
<i>quotidian</i> fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quo*tid"i*an</hw> (kw&osl;*t&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything returning daily; especially
<i>(Med.)</i>, an intermittent fever or ague which returns every
day.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quo"tient</hw> (kw&omacr;"sh<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., fr. L. <i>quoties</i> how often, how many times, fr. <i>quot</i>
how many. See <u>Quota</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>The number resulting from
the division of one number by another, and showing how often a less
number is contained in a greater; thus, the <i>quotient</i> of twelve
divided by four is three.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Higher Alg.)</i> <def>The result of any
process inverse to multiplication. See the Note under
<u>Multiplication</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quo*ti"e*ty</hw> (kw&osl;*t&imacr;"&esl;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quotus</i> of what number, <i>quot</i> how
many.] <i>(Scholastic Philos.)</i> <def>The relation of an object to
number.</def>  <i>Krauth-Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quo"tum</hw> (kw&omacr;"t&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. L. <i>quotus</i> of what number. See <u>Quota</u>.] <def>Part or
proportion; quota.</def> [R.] "A very small <i>quotum</i>."  <i>Max
M&uuml;ller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Quo` war*ran"to</hw> (kw&omacr;`
w&obreve;r*r&abreve;n"t&osl;). [So called from the Law L. words <i>quo
warranto</i> (by what authority), in the original Latin form of the
writ. See <u>Which</u>, and <u>Warrant</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ
brought before a proper tribunal, to inquire by what warrant a person
or a corporation acts, or exercises certain powers.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; An information in the nature of a <i>quo warranto</i> is now
common as a substitute for the writ.
<i>Wharton.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Qu*ran"</hw> (k&usd;*r&auml;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Koran</u>.</def></p>


<p><point16>R.</point16></p>

<p><hw>R</hw> (&auml;r). <def>R, the eighteenth letter of the English
alphabet, is a vocal consonant.  It is sometimes called a
<i>semivowel</i>, and a <i>liquid</i>. See <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 178, 179, and 250-254.</def> "<i>R</i>
is the dog's letter and hurreth in the sound."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>    In words derived from the Greek language the letter <i>h</i> is
generally written after <i>r</i> to represent the aspirated sound of
the Greek <grk>"r</grk>, but does not affect the pronunciation of the
English word, as <i>rhapsody</i>, <i>rhetoric</i>.</p>

<p>    The English letter derives its form from the Greek through the
Latin, the Greek letter being derived from the Ph&oelig;nician, which,
it is believed, is ultimately of Egyptian origin. Etymologically, R is
most closely related to <i>l</i>, <i>s</i>, and <i>n</i>; as in
bando<i>r</i>e, mando<i>l</i>e; purp<i>l</i>e, L. purpu<i>r</i>a; E.
chapte<i>r</i>, F. chapit<i>r</i>e, L. capitu<i>l</i>um; E.
wa<i>s</i>, we<i>r</i>e; ha<i>r</i>e, G. ha<i>s</i>e; E. orde<i>r</i>,
F. ord<i>r</i>e, L. ordo, ordi<i>n</i>is; E. coffe<i>r</i>,
coffi<i>n.</i>
</p>

<p><col><b>The three Rs</b></col>, <cd>a jocose expression for
reading, (w)riting, and (a)rithmetic, -- the fundamentals of an
education.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ra</hw> (r&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A roe; a
deer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra-</hw>. <def>A prefix, from the Latin <i>re</i> and <i>ad</i>
combined, coming to us through the French and Italian. See <u>Re-</u>,
and <u>Ad-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raash</hw> (r&auml;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ar.
<i>ra'ash</i> trembling, tremor.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
electric catfish.</def> [Written also <i>raasch</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Rab</hw> (r&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rod or stick
used by masons in mixing hair with mortar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab"at</hw> (r&abreve;b"&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Rabot</u>.] <def>A polishing material made of potter's clay that
has failed in baking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*bate"</hw> (r&adot;*b&amacr;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>rabattre</i> to beat down; pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>abattre</i>. See
<u>Abate</u>, and cf. <u>Rebate</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<i>(Falconry)</i> <def>To recover to the fist, as a hawk.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rab"a*tine</hw> (r&abreve;b"&adot;*t&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rabato</u>.] <def>A collar or cape.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra*ba"to</hw> (r&adot;*b&amacr;"t&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>rabat</i>, fr. <i>rabattre</i>. See <u>Rabate</u>.] <def>A kind
of ruff for the neck; a turned-down collar; a rebato.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rab*bate"</hw> (r&abreve;b*b&amacr;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[See <u>Rabate</u>.] <def>To abate or diminish.</def> [Obs.] --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Abatement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rab"bet</hw> (r&abreve;b"b&ebreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rabbeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rabbeting</u>.] [F. <i>raboter</i> to plane, plane
down,<i>rabot</i> a plane; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + OF. <i>abouter</i>,
<i>aboter</i>. See <u>Abut</u>, and cf. <u>Rebut</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut a rabbet in; to furnish with a
rabbet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite the edges of, as boards, etc., in
a rabbet joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab"bet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rabbet</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Rebate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A longitudinal channel,
groove, or recess cut out of the edge or face of any body; especially,
one intended to receive another member, so as to break or cover the
joint, or more easily to hold the members in place; thus, the groove
cut for a panel, for a pane of glass, or for a door, is a
<i>rabbet</i>, or rebate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <i>Rabbet joint</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rabbet joint</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a joint formed
by fitting together rabbeted boards or timbers; -- called also
<i>rabbet</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rabbet plane</b></col>, <cd>a joiner's
plane for cutting a rabbet.</cd> <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rab"bi</hw> (r&abreve;b"b&imacr; or -b&ibreve;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Rabbis</b></plw> (-b&imacr;z
or -b&ibreve;z) or <plw><b>Rabbies</b></plw>. [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>"rabbi`</grk>, Heb. <i>rab&imacr;</i> my master, from <i>rab</i>
master, lord, teacher, akin to Ar. <i>rabb</i>.] <def>Master; lord;
teacher; -- a Jewish title of respect or honor for a teacher or doctor
of the law.</def> "The gravest <i>rabbies</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not ye called <i>Rabbi</i>, for one is your Master,
even Christ, and all ye are brethren.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxiii.
8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rab"bin</hw> (r&abreve;b"b&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Same as <u>Rabbi</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rab*bin"ic</hw> (r&abreve;b*b&ibreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<hw>Rab*bin"ic*al</hw> (-&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>rabbinique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the rabbins or
rabbis, or pertaining to the opinions, learning, or language of the
rabbins.</def> "Comments staler than <i>rabbinic</i>."
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We will not buy your <i>rabbinical</i>
fumes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rab*bin"ic</hw> (r&abreve;b*b&ibreve;n"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language or dialect of the rabbins; the
later Hebrew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab*bin"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
rabbinical manner; after the manner of the rabbins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab"bin*ism</hw> (r&abreve;b"b&ibreve;n*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>rabbinisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A rabbinic expression or phraseology; a peculiarity of the
language of the rabbins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The teachings and traditions of the
rabbins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab"bin*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rabbiniste</i>.] <def>One among the Jews who adhered to the Talmud
and the traditions of the rabbins, in opposition to the
<i>Karaites</i>, who rejected the traditions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab"bin*ite</hw> (-&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Rabbinist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab"bit</hw> (r&abreve;b"b&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>rabet</i>, akin to OD. <i>robbe</i>, <i>robbeken</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any of the smaller species of the genus
Lepus, especially the common European species (<i>Lepus
cuniculus</i>), which is often kept as a pet, and has been introduced
into many countries. It is remarkably prolific, and has become a pest
in some parts of Australia and New Zealand.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common American rabbit (<i>L. sylvatica</i>) is similar
but smaller. See <u>Cottontail</u>, and <i>Jack rabbit</i>, under 2d
<u>Jack</u>. The larger species of Lepus are commonly called
<i>hares</i>. See <u>Hare</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Angora rabbit</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a variety
of the domestic rabbit having long, soft fur.</cd> -- <col><b>Rabbit
burrow</b></col>, <cd>a hole in the earth made by rabbits for shelter
and habitation.</cd> -- <col><b>Rabbit fish</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The northern chim&aelig;ra
(<i>Chim&aelig;ra monstrosa</i>)</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any one
of several species of plectognath fishes, as the bur fish, and puffer.
The term is also locally applied to other fishes.</cd> --
<col><b>Rabbits' ears</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cyclamen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rabbit warren</b></col>, <cd>a piece
of ground appropriated to the breeding and preservation of
rabbits.</cd> <i>Wright.</i> -- <col><b>Rock rabbit</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Daman</u>, and <u>Klipdas</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Welsh rabbit</b></col>, <cd>a dish of which the chief
constituents are toasted bread and toasted cheese, prepared in various
ways. The name is said to be a corruption of <i>Welsh rare bit</i>,
but perhaps it is merely a humorous designation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rab"bit*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hunting of
rabbits.</def>  <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rab"bit*ry</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place
where rabbits are kept; especially, a collection of hutches for tame
rabbits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab"ble</hw> (r&abreve;b"b'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <i>(Iron Manuf.)</i> <def>An iron bar, with the end bent,
used in stirring or skimming molten iron in the process of
puddling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stir or skim with
a rabble, as molten iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Akin to D.
<i>rabbelen</i>, Prov. G. <i>rabbeln</i>, to prattle, to chatter: cf.
L. <i>rabula</i> a brawling advocate, a pettifogger, fr. <i>rabere</i>
to rave.  Cf. <u>Rage</u>.] <def>To speak in a confused manner.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Rab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably named from the
noise made by it (see <u>Rabble</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>); cf. D.
<i>rapalje</i> rabble, OF. &amp; Prov. F. <i>rapaille</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tumultuous crowd of vulgar, noisy people; a
mob; a confused, disorderly throng.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw, I say, come out of London, even unto the
presence of the prince, a great <i>rabble</i> of mean and light
persons.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jupiter, Mercury, Bacchus, Venus, Mars, and the whole
<i>rabble</i> of licentious deities.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A confused, incoherent discourse; a medley
of voices; a chatter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The rabble</b></col>, <cd>the lowest class of people,
without reference to an assembly; the dregs of the people.</cd>
"<i>The rabble</i> call him &lsquo;lord.'"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
rabble; like, or suited to, a rabble; disorderly; vulgar.</def> [R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rabbled</u> (-b'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rabbling</u> (-bl&ibreve;ng).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To insult,
or assault, by a mob; to mob; as, to <i>rabble</i> a curate.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bishops' carriages were stopped and the prelates
themselves <i>rabbled</i> on their way to the house.</blockquote>
<i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter glibly and incoherently; to mouth
without intelligence.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rumple; to crumple.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Rab"ble*ment</hw> (r&abreve;b"b'l*m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tumultuous crowd of low people; a
rabble.</def> "Rude <i>rablement</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And still, as he refused it, the <i>rabblement</i>
hooted.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rab"bler</hw> (-bl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d
<u>Rabble</u>.] <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A scraping tool for smoothing
metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab"ble-rout`</hw> (-b'l-rout`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
tumultuous crowd; a rabble; a noisy throng.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab*doid"al</hw> (r&abreve;b*doid"<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"ra`bdos</grk> a rod + <i>-oid + -
al</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Sagittal</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>rhabdoidal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Rab*dol"o*gy</hw> (-d&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"ra`bdos</grk> rod, stick + <i>-
logy</i>: cf. F. <i>rabdologie</i>.] <def>The method or art of
performing arithmetical operations by means of Napier's bones. See
<u>Napier's bones</u>.</def> [Written also <i>rhabdology</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Rab"do*man`cy</hw> (r&abreve;b"d&osl;*m&abreve;n`s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"ra`bdos</grk> rod + <i>-mancy</i>.]
<def>Divination by means of rods or wands.</def> [Written also
<i>rhabdomancy</i>.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rab"id</hw> (r&abreve;b"&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rabidus</i>, from <i>rabere</i> to rave. See <u>Rage</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Furious; raging;
extremely violent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rabid</i> flight<BR>
Of winds that ruin ships.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extreme, unreasonable, or fanatical in
opinion; excessively zealous; as, a <i>rabid</i> socialist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Affected with the distemper called
<i>rabies</i>; mad; as, a <i>rabid</i> dog or fox.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to rabies,
or hydrophobia; as, <i>rabid</i> virus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*bid"i*ty</hw> (r&adot;*b&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rabidness; furiousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab"id*ly</hw> (r&abreve;b"&ibreve;d*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rabid manner; with extreme
violence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being rabid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra"bi*es</hw> (r&amacr;"b&ibreve;*&emacr;z),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Rage</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Same as <u>Hydrophobia</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>; canine
madness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rab"i*net</hw> (r&abreve;b"&ibreve;*n&ebreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A kind of
small ordnance formerly in use.</def> [Written also <i>rabanet</i>.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"bi*ous</hw> (r&amacr;"b&ibreve;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fierce.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"bot</hw> (r&amacr;"b&obreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A rubber of hard wood used in smoothing marble to be
polished.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ra"ca</hw> (r&amacr;"k&adot;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"raka`</grk>, from Chaldee <i>r&emacr;k&amacr;</i>.] <def>A term
of reproach used by the Jews of our Savior's time, meaning
"worthless."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever shall say to his brother, <i>Raca</i>, shall
be in danger of the council.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ra`ca`hout"</hw> (r&adot;`k&adot;`&oomac;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>racahout</i>, probably fr. Ar.
<i>r&amacr;qaut</i>.] <def>A preparation from acorns used by the Arabs
as a substitute for chocolate, and also as a beverage for
invalids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rac*coon"</hw> (r&abreve;k*k&oomac;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>raton</i>, prop., a little rat, fr. <i>rat</i> rat, perhaps of
German origin. See <u>Rat</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A North
American nocturnal carnivore (<i>Procyon lotor</i>) allied to the
bears, but much smaller, and having a long, full tail, banded with
black and gray. Its body is gray, varied with black and white. Called
also <i>coon</i>, and <i>mapach</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Raccoon dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
tanate.</cd> -- <col><b>Raccoon fox</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the cacomixle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Race</hw> (r&amacr;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
raze.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1182 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>Race</hw> (r&amacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>ra&iuml;z</i>, L. <i>radix</i>, <i>-icis</i>. See <u>Radix</u>.]
<def>A root.</def> "A <i>race</i> or two of ginger."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Race ginger</b></col>, <cd>ginger in the root, or not
pulverized.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Race</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>race</i>; cf. Pr. &amp; Sp.
<i>raza</i>, It. <i>razza</i>; all from OHG. <i>reiza</i> line, akin
to E. <i>write</i>. See <u>Write</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The descendants of a common ancestor; a
family, tribe, people, or nation, believed or presumed to belong to
the same stock; a lineage; a breed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole <i>race</i> of mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whence the long <i>race</i> of Alban fathers
come.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Naturalists and ethnographers divide mankind into several
distinct varieties, or races. Cuvier refers them all to three,
Pritchard enumerates seven, Agassiz eight, Pickering describes eleven.
One of the common classifications is that of Blumenbach, who makes
five races: the <i>Caucasian</i>, or white race, to which belong the
greater part of the European nations and those of Western Asia; the
<i>Mongolian</i>, or yellow race, occupying Tartary, China, Japan,
etc.; the <i>Ethiopian</i>, or negro race, occupying most of Africa
(except the north), Australia, Papua, and other Pacific Islands; the
<i>American</i>, or red race, comprising the Indians of North and
South America; and the <i>Malayan</i>, or brown race, which occupies
the islands of the Indian Archipelago, etc. Many recent writers
classify the Malay and American races as branches of the Mongolian.
See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Company; herd; breed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For do but note a wild and wanton herd,<BR>
Or <i>race</i> of youthful and unhandled colts,<BR>
Fetching mad bounds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A variety of such fixed
character that it may be propagated by seed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Peculiar flavor, taste, or strength, as of
wine; that quality, or assemblage of qualities, which indicates origin
or kind, as in wine; hence, characteristic flavor; smack.</def> "A
<i>race</i> of heaven."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it [the wine] of the right <i>race</i>
?</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, characteristic quality or
disposition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And now I give my sensual <i>race</i> the
rein.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some . . . great <i>race</i> of fancy or
judgment.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lineage; line; family; house; breed; offspring;
progeny; issue.</p>

<p><hw>Race</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ras</i>, <i>res</i>,
<i>rees</i>, AS. <i>r&aemacr;s</i> a rush, running; akin to Icel.
<i>r&amacr;s</i> course, race. &radic;118.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
progress; a course; a movement or progression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Esp., swift progress; rapid course; a
running.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flight of many birds is swifter than the
<i>race</i> of any beasts.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: The act or process of running in
competition; a contest of speed in any way, as in running, riding,
driving, skating, rowing, sailing; in the plural, usually, a meeting
for contests in the running of horses; as, he attended the
<i>races</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>race</i> is not to the swift.</blockquote>
<i>Eccl. ix. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I wield the gauntlet, and I run the
<i>race</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Competitive action of any kind, especially
when prolonged; hence, career; course of life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>race</i> of glory run, and <i>race</i> of
shame.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A strong or rapid current of water, or the
channel or passage for such a current; a powerful current or heavy
sea, sometimes produced by the meeting of two tides; as, the Portland
<i>Race</i>; the <i>Race</i> of Alderney.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The current of water that turns a water
wheel, or the channel in which it flows; a mill race.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The part of the channel above the wheel is sometimes called
the <i>headrace</i>, the part below, the <i>tailrace</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A channel or guide along
which a shuttle is driven back and forth, as in a loom, sewing
machine, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Race cloth</b></col>, <cd>a cloth worn by horses in racing,
having pockets to hold the weights prescribed.</cd> -- <col><b>Race
course</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The path, generally circular
or elliptical, over which a race is run.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Same as <i>Race way</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Race
cup</b></col>, <cd>a cup given as a prize to the victor in a
race.</cd> -- <col><b>Race glass</b></col>, <cd>a kind of field
glass.</cd> -- <col><b>Race horse</b></col>.  <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A horse that runs in competition; specifically, a horse bred or
kept for running races.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A breed of horses
remarkable for swiftness in running.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>The steamer duck.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A mantis.</cd> -- <col><b>Race
knife</b></col>, <cd>a cutting tool with a blade that is hooked at the
point, for marking outlines, on boards or metals, as by a pattern, --
used in shipbuilding.</cd> -- <col><b>Race saddle</b></col>, <cd>a
light saddle used in racing.</cd> -- <col><b>Race track</b></col>.
<cd>Same as <i>Race course</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Race way</b></col>, <cd>the canal for the current that drives
a water wheel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Race</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Raced</u> (r&amacr;st); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Racing</u> (r&amacr;"s&ibreve;ng).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To run swiftly; to contend in a race; as, the animals
<i>raced</i> over the ground; the ships <i>raced</i> from port to
port.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Mach.)</i> <def>To run too fast at
times, as a marine engine or screw, when the screw is lifted out of
water by the action of a heavy sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Race</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to contend in a race; to drive at high speed; as, to <i>race</i>
horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To run a race with.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*ce"mate</hw> (r&adot;*s&emacr;"m&asl;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of racemic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rac`e*ma"tion</hw> (r&abreve;s`&esl;*m&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>racematio</i> a gleaning, fr.
<i>racemari</i> to glean, <i>racemus</i> a cluster of grapes. See
<u>Raceme</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cluster or bunch, as of
grapes.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cultivation or gathering of clusters of
grapes.</def> [R.] <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra*ceme"</hw> (r&adot;*s&emacr;m"; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>racemus</i> a bunch of berries, a cluster of grapes. See
<u>Raisin</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A flower cluster with an elongated
axis and many one-flowered lateral pedicels, as in the currant and
chokecherry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Compound raceme</b></col>, <cd>one having the lower
pedicels developed into secondary racemes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ra*cemed"</hw> (r&adot;*s&emacr;md"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Arranged in a raceme, or in racemes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*ce"mic</hw> (r&adot;*s&emacr;"m&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>rac&eacute;mique</i>. See
<u>Raceme</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an
acid found in many kinds of grapes. It is also obtained from tartaric
acid, with which it is isomeric, and from sugar, gum, etc., by
oxidation. It is a sour white crystalline substance, consisting of a
combination of dextrorotatory and levorotatory tartaric acids.</def>
<i>Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rac`e*mif"er*ous</hw>
(r&abreve;s`&esl;*m&ibreve;f"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>racemifer</i> bearing clusters;
<i>racemus</i> cluster + <i>ferre</i> to bear: cf. F.
<i>rac&eacute;mif&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing racemes,
as the currant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*cem"i*form</hw> (r&adot;*s&ebreve;m"&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form of a raceme.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rac"e*mose`</hw> (r&abreve;s"&esl;*m&omacr;s`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>racemosus</i> full of clusters.]
<def>Resembling a raceme; growing in the form of a raceme; as,
<i>(Bot.)</i> <i>racemose</i> berries or flowers; <i>(Anat.)</i> the
<i>racemose</i> glands, in which the ducts are branched and clustered
like a raceme.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rac"e*mous</hw> (r&abreve;s"&esl;*m&ubreve;s or
r&adot;*s&emacr;"-; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rac&eacute;meux</i>.] <def>See <u>Racemose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rac"e*mule</hw> (r&abreve;s"&esl;*m&umacr;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A little raceme.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*cem"u*lose`</hw> (r&adot;*s&ebreve;m"&usl;*l&omacr;s`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing in very small
racemes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"cer</hw> (r&amacr;"s&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, races, or contends in
a race; esp., a race horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And bade the nimblest <i>racer</i> seize the
prize.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common American
black snake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>One of the circular iron or
steel rails on which the chassis of a heavy gun is turned.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rach</hw>, <hw>Rache</hw> (r&abreve;ch) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>r&aelig;cc</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>rakki</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A dog that pursued his prey by
scent, as distinguished from the greyhound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ra`chi*al"gi*a</hw>
(r&amacr;`k&ibreve;*&abreve;l"j&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"ra`chis</grk> backbone + <grk>'a`lgos</grk> pain.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A painful affection of the spine; especially,
Pott's disease; also, formerly, lead colic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*chid"i*an</hw> (r&adot;*k&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Rachis</u>.] <i>(Anat. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the rachis; spinal; vertebral. Same as
<u>Rhachidian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra*chil"la</hw> (r&adot;*k&ibreve;l"l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Rhachilla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"chi*o*dont</hw> (r&amacr;"k&ibreve;*&osl;*d&obreve;nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Rhachiodont</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra"chis</hw> (r&amacr;"k&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Rachises</b></plw> (-&ebreve;z), L.
<plw><b>Rachides</b></plw> (r&abreve;k"&ibreve;*d&emacr;z). [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"ra`chis</grk>, <grk>-ios</grk>.] [Written also
<i>rhachis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The spine; the
vertebral column.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Rhachis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*chit"ic</hw> (r&adot;*k&ibreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>rachitique</i>. See <u>Rachitis</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to rachitis; affected by rachitis;
rickety.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra*chi"tis</hw> (r&adot;*k&imacr;"t&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"rachi^tis</grk> (sc.
<grk>nosos</grk>), fr. <grk>"ra`chis</grk>, <grk>-ios</grk>, the
spine.] [Written also <i>rhachitis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Literally, inflammation of the spine, but commonly
applied to the rickets. See <u>Rickets</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A disease which produces
abortion in the fruit or seeds.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"chi*tome</hw> (r&amacr;"k&ibreve;*t&omacr;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Gr. <grk>"ra`chis</grk>, <grk>-
ios</grk>, the spine + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.] <def>A dissecting
instrument for opening the spinal canal.</def> [Written also
<i>rachiotome</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ra"cial</hw> (r&amacr;"sh<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to a race or family of men; as, the
<i>racial</i> complexion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"ci*ly</hw> (r&amacr;"s&ibreve;*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a racy manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"ci*ness</hw> (r&amacr;"s&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being racy; peculiar and
piquant flavor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The general characteristics of his [Cobbett's] style
were perspicuity, unequaled and inimitable; . . . a purity always
simple, and <i>raciness</i> often elegant.</blockquote> <i>London
Times.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"cing</hw> (r&amacr;"s&ibreve;ng), <def><pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> from <u>Race</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Racing crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
ocypodian.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rack</hw> (r&abreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Arrack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hracca</i> neck, hinder
part of the head; cf. AS. <i>hraca</i> throat, G. <i>rachen</i>
throat, E. <i>retch</i>.] <def>The neck and spine of a fore quarter of
veal or mutton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wreck</u>.] <def>A
wreck; destruction.</def> [Obs., except in a few phrases.]</p>

<p><col><b>Rack and ruin</b></col>, <cd>destruction; utter ruin.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>To go to rack</b></col>, <cd>to perish; to be
destroyed.</cd> [Colloq.] "All <i>goes to rack</i>." <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. Icel. <i>rek</i>
drift, motion, and akin to <i>reka</i> to drive, and E. <i>wrack</i>,
<i>wreck</i>.  &radic;282.] <def>Thin, flying, broken clouds, or any
portion of floating vapor in the sky.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The winds in the upper region, which move the clouds
above, which we call the <i>rack</i>, . . . pass without
noise.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the night <i>rack</i> came rolling up.</blockquote>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fly, as vapor or
broken clouds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Racked</u> (r&abreve;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Racking</u>.] [See <u>Rack</u> that which stretches,
or <u>Rock</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To amble fast, causing a
rocking or swaying motion of the body; to pace; -- said of a
horse.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fast amble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>vin
raqu&eacute;</i> wine squeezed from the dregs of the grapes.] <def>To
draw off from the lees or sediment, as wine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is in common practice to draw wine or beer from the
lees (which we call <i>racking</i>), whereby it will clarify much the
sooner.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rack vintage</b></col>, <cd>wine cleansed and drawn from
the lees.</cd> <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr. D. <i>rek</i>,
<i>rek</i>bank, a rack, <i>rekken</i> to stretch; akin to G.
<i>reck</i>, <i>reck</i>bank, a rack, <i>recken</i> to stretch, Dan.
<i>r&aelig;kke</i>, Sw. <i>r&auml;cka</i>, Icel. <i>rekja</i> to
spread out, Goth. <i>refrakjan</i> to stretch out; cf. L.
<i>porrigere</i>, Gr. <grk>'ore`gein</grk>. &radic;115.  Cf.
<u>Right</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Ratch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument or frame used for stretching, extending, retaining,
or displaying, something.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An engine of torture, consisting of a large frame, upon which the
body was gradually stretched until, sometimes, the joints were
dislocated; -- formerly used judicially for extorting confessions from
criminals or suspected persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>During the troubles of the fifteenth century, a
<i>rack</i> was introduced into the Tower, and was occasionally used
under the plea of political necessity.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument for bending a bow.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A grate on which bacon is laid.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A frame or device of various construction for
holding, and preventing the waste of, hay, grain, etc., supplied to
beasts.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A frame on which articles are
deposited for keeping or arranged for display; as, a clothes
<i>rack</i>; a bottle <i>rack</i>, etc.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece or frame of wood, having several sheaves,
through which the running rigging passes; -- called also <i>rack
block</i>. Also, a frame to hold shot.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>A frame or table on which ores are separated or
washed.</def> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>A frame fitted to a wagon for
carrying hay, straw, or grain on the stalk, or other bulky
loads.</def> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>A distaff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A bar with teeth on its
face, or edge, to work with those of a wheel, pinion, or worm, which
is to drive it or be driven by it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is extorted; exaction.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir E. Sandys.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mangle rack</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Mangle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Rack
block</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See def. 1 <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Rack lashing</b></col>, <cd>a lashing or
binding where the rope is tightened, and held tight by the use of a
small stick of wood twisted around.</cd> -- <col><b>Rack
rail</b></col> <i>(Railroads)</i>, <cd>a toothed rack, laid as a rail,
to afford a hold for teeth on the driving wheel of a locomotive for
climbing steep gradients, as in ascending a mountain.</cd> --
<col><b>Rack saw</b></col>, <cd>a saw having wide teeth.</cd> --
<col><b>Rack stick</b></col>, <cd>the stick used in a rack
lashing.</cd> -- <col><b>To be on the rack</b></col>, <cd>to suffer
torture, physical or mental.</cd> -- <col><b>To live at rack and
manger</b></col>, <cd>to live on the best at another's expense.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>To put to the rack</b></col>, <cd>to subject to
torture; to torment.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>A fit of the stone <i>puts</i> a king <i>to the
rack</i>, and makes him as miserable as it does the meanest
subject.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rack</hw> (r&abreve;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To extend by the application of force; to
stretch or strain; specifically, to stretch on the rack or wheel; to
torture by an engine which strains the limbs and pulls the
joints.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>racked</i> and miserably
tormented.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To torment; to torture; to affect with
extreme pain or anguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vaunting aloud but <i>racked</i> with deep
despair.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stretch or strain, in a figurative
sense; hence, to harass, or oppress by extortion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The landlords there shamefully <i>rack</i> their
tenants.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They [landlords] <i>rack</i> their rents an ace too
high.</blockquote> <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Grant that I may never <i>rack</i> a Scripture simile
beyond the true intent thereof.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Try what my credit can in Venice do;<BR>
That shall be <i>racked</i> even to the uttermost.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To wash on a rack, as
metals or ore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To bind together, as two
ropes, with cross turns of yarn, marline, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To rack one's brains</b></col> or <col><b>wits</b></col>,
<cd>to exert them to the utmost for the purpose of accomplishing
something.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To torture; torment; rend; tear.</p>

<p><hw>Rack"a*bones`</hw> (r&abreve;k"&adot;*b&omacr;nz`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A very lean animal, esp. a horse.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Rack"er</hw> (r&abreve;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who racks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A horse that has a racking gait.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack"et</hw> (r&abreve;k"&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>raquette</i>; cf. Sp. <i>raqueta</i>, It. <i>racchetta</i>, which
is perhaps for <i>retichetta</i>, and fr. L. <i>rete</i> a net (cf.
<u>Reticule</u>); or perh. from the Arabic; cf. Ar. <i>r&amacr;ha</i>
the palm of the hand (used at first to strike the ball), and OF.
<i>rachette</i>, <i>rasquette</i>, carpus, tarsus.] [Written also
<i>racquet</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin strip of wood, having
the ends brought together, forming a somewhat elliptical hoop, across
which a network of catgut or cord is stretched. It is furnished with a
handle, and is used for catching or striking a ball in tennis and
similar games.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each one [of the Indians] has a bat curved like a
crosier, and ending in a <i>racket</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A variety of the game of tennis played with
peculiar long-handled rackets; -- chiefly in the plural.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A snowshoe formed of cords stretched across
a long and narrow frame of light wood.</def> [Canada]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A broad wooden shoe or patten for a man or
horse, to enable him to step on marshy or soft ground.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Racket court</b></col>, <cd>a court for playing the game of
rackets.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rack"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strike with, or
as with, a racket.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Poor man [is] <i>racketed</i> from one temptation to
another.</blockquote> <i>Hewyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rack"et</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>racaid</i> a
noise, disturbance.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Confused, clattering noise; din; noisy talk
or sport.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A carouse; any reckless dissipation.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Rack"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Racketed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Racketing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a confused noise or
racket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To engage in noisy sport; to frolic.</def>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To carouse or engage in dissipation.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Rack"et*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes, or engages in, a racket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack"ett</hw> (-&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An old wind instrument of the double
bassoon kind, having ventages but not keys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack"et-tail`</hw> (-t&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of humming birds
of the genus <i>Steganura</i>, having two of the tail feathers very
long and racket-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack"et-tailed`</hw> (-t&amacr;ld`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having long and spatulate, or racket-shaped,
tail feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack"et*y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making a
tumultuous noise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Spun
yarn used in racking ropes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack"-rent`</hw> (-r&ebreve;nt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
rent of the full annual value of the tenement, or near it; an
excessive or unreasonably high rent.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rack"-rent`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To subject to
rack-rent, as a farm or tenant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack"-rent`er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is subjected to paying rack-
rent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who exacts rack-rent.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1183 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>Rack"tail`</hw> (r&abreve;k"t&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Horol.)</i> <def>An arm attached to a swinging notched arc or
rack, to let off the striking mechanism of a repeating
clock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack"work`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any
mechanism having a rack, as a rack and pinion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"cle</hw> (r&auml;"k'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rakel</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"cle*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rakelness</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ra`con`teur"</hw> (r&adot;`k&ocirc;N`t&etilde;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A relater; a storyteller.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra*coon"da</hw> (r&adot;*k&oomac;n"d&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From a native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The coypu.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*co"vi*an</hw> (r&adot;*k&omacr;"v&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Racow</i>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of a sect of Socinians or Unitarians in Poland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rac"quet</hw> (r&abreve;k"k&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Racket</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"cy</hw> (r&amacr;"s&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Racier</u> (-s&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Raciest</u>.] [From <u>Race</u> a tribe,
family.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a strong flavor indicating
origin; of distinct characteristic taste; tasting of the soil; hence,
fresh; rich.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>racy</i> wine,<BR>
Late from the mellowing cask restored to light.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Exciting to the mental taste by a
strong or distinctive character of thought or language; peculiar and
piquant; fresh and lively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>raciest</i>, most idiomatic popular
words.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Burns's English, though not so <i>racy</i> as his
Scotch, is generally correct.</blockquote> <i>H. Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rich and <i>racy</i> humor of a natural converser
fresh from the plow.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Spicy; spirited; lively; smart; piquant.  --
<u>Racy</u>, <u>Spicy</u>. <i>Racy</i> refers primarily to that
peculiar flavor which certain wines are supposed to derive from the
soil in which the grapes were grown; and hence we call a style or
production <i>racy</i> when it "smacks of the soil," or has an
uncommon degree of natural freshness and distinctiveness of thought
and language. <i>Spicy</i>, when applied to style, has reference to a
spirit and pungency added by art, seasoning the matter like a
condiment. It does not, like <i>racy</i>, suggest native peculiarity.
A <i>spicy</i> article in a magazine; a <i>spicy</i> retort.
<i>Racy</i> in conversation; a <i>racy</i> remark.</p>

<p><blockquote>Rich, <i>racy</i> verses, in which we<BR>
The soil from which they come, taste, smell, and see.</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rad</hw> (r&abreve;d), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Read</u>, <u>Rede</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rad"de</hw> (r&abreve;d"d<i>e</i>), obs.
<def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Read</u>, <u>Rede</u>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rad"dle</hw> (r&abreve;d"d'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>r&auml;der</i>, <i>r&auml;del</i>, sieve, or perhaps E.
<i>reed</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long, flexible stick, rod, or
branch, which is interwoven with others, between upright posts or
stakes, in making a kind of hedge or fence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hedge or fence made with raddles; --
called also <i>raddle hedge</i>.</def>  <i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument consisting of a wooden bar,
with a row of upright pegs set in it, used by domestic weavers to keep
the warp of a proper width, and prevent tangling when it is wound upon
the beam of the loom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To interweave or
twist together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Raddling</i> or working it up like basket
work.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Ruddle</u>.] <def>A
red pigment used in marking sheep, and in some mechanical processes;
ruddle.</def> "A <i>raddle</i> of rouge."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark or paint
with, or as with, raddle.</def>  "Whitened and <i>raddled</i> old
women."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rad"dock</hw> (-d&ubreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ruddock.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Rade</hw> (r&amacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A raid.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ra`deau"</hw> (r&adot;`d&omacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A float; a raft.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Three vessels under sail, and one at anchor, above
Split Rock, and behind it the <i>radeau</i> Thunderer.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*al</hw> (r&amacr;"d&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>radial</i>. See <u>Radius</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a radius or ray; consisting of, or like,
radii or rays; radiated; as, <i>(Bot.)</i> <i>radial</i> projections;
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <i>radial</i> vessels or canals; <i>(Anat.)</i>
the <i>radial</i> artery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Radial symmetry</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Symmetry</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ra`di*a"le</hw> (r&amacr;`d&ibreve;*&amacr;"l&esl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Radialia</b></plw> (-
l&ibreve;*&adot;) [NL. See <u>Radial</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The bone or cartilage of the carpus which
articulates with the radius and corresponds to the scaphoid bone in
man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Radial
plates in the calyx of a crinoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*al*ly</hw> (r&amacr;"d&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a radial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*an</hw> (-<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Radius</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>An arc of a circle which is equal
to the radius, or the angle measured by such an arc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ra"di*ance</hw> (-<i>a</i>ns), <hw>Ra"di*an*cy</hw> (-
<i>a</i>n*s&ybreve;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
radiant; brilliancy; effulgence; vivid brightness; as, the
<i>radiance</i> of the sun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Girt with omnipotence, with <i>radiance</i>
crowned.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>radiancy</i> of glory,<BR>
What light beyond compare !</blockquote> <i>Neale.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Luster; brilliancy; splendor; glare; glitter.</p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*ant</hw> (-<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>radians</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>radiare</i> to emit rays
or beams, fr. <i>radius</i> ray: cf. F. <i>radiant</i>. See
<u>Radius</u>, <u>Ray</u> a divergent line.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Emitting or proceeding as from a center; resembling rays;
radiating; radiate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, emitting or darting rays of
light or heat; issuing in beams or rays; beaming with brightness;
emitting a vivid light or splendor; as, the <i>radiant</i>
sun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mark what <i>radiant</i> state she
spreads.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Beaming with vivacity and happiness; as, a
<i>radiant</i> face.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Giving off rays; -- said of a
bearing; as, the sun <i>radiant</i>; a crown <i>radiant</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a raylike appearance,
as the large marginal flowers of certain umbelliferous plants; -- said
also of the cluster which has such marginal flowers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Radiant energy</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>energy given
out or transmitted by radiation, as in the case of light and radiant
heat.</cd> -- <col><b>Radiant heat</b></col>, <cd>heat proceeding in
right lines, or directly from the heated body, after the manner of
light, in distinction from heat <i>conducted</i> or carried by
intervening media.</cd> -- <col><b>Radiant point</b></col>.
<i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See <u>Radiant</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The luminous point or object from which light
emanates; also, a body radiating light brightly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A straight line proceeding
from a given point, or fixed pole, about which it is conceived to
revolve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The point in the heavens
at which the apparent paths of shooting stars meet, when traced
backward, or whence they appear to radiate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*ant*ly</hw> (r&amacr;"d&ibreve;*<i>a</i>nt*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a radiant manner; with glittering
splendor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*a*ry</hw> (-&asl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>radiaire</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A radiate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ra`di*a"ta</hw> (-&amacr;"t&adot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. <i>radiatus</i>, p. p. See <u>Radiate</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive artificial group of
invertebrates, having all the parts arranged radially around the
vertical axis of the body, and the various organs repeated
symmetrically in each ray or spheromere.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It includes the c&oelig;lenterates and the echinoderms.
Formerly, the group was supposed to be a natural one, and was
considered one of the grand divisions of the animal kingdom.</p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*ate</hw> (r&amacr;"d&ibreve;*&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Radiated</u> (-
&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Radiating</u>.] [L. <i>radiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>radiare</i> to
furnish with spokes or rays, to radiate, fr. <i>radius</i> ray. See
<u>Radius</u>, <u>Ray</u> a divergent line.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To emit rays; to be radiant; to shine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Virtues shine more clear<BR>
In them [kings], and <i>radiate</i> like the sun at noon.</blockquote>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To proceed in direct lines from a point or
surface; to issue in rays, as light or heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Light <i>radiates</i> from luminous bodies directly to
our eyes.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To emit or send out in direct lines from a point or points; as,
to <i>radiate</i> heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enlighten; to illuminate; to shed light
or brightness on; to irradiate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*ate</hw> (-&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>radiatus</i>, p. p.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having rays or parts
diverging from a center; radiated; as, a <i>radiate</i>
crystal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having in a capitulum large
ray florets which are unlike the disk florets, as in the aster, daisy,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the
Radiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Radiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*a`ted</hw> (-&amacr;`t&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Emitted, or sent forth, in rays or direct
lines; as, <i>radiated</i> heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formed of, or arranged like, rays or radii;
having parts or markings diverging, like radii, from a common center
or axis; as, a <i>radiated</i> structure; a <i>radiated</i> group of
crystals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the
Radiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*ate*ly</hw> (-&asl;t*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a radiate manner; with radiation or divergence from a
center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*ate-veined`</hw> (-v&amacr;nd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the principal veins radiating, or diverging,
from the apex of the petiole; -- said of such leaves as those of the
grapevine, most maples, and the castor-oil plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*at"i*form</hw> (-&abreve;t"&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the marginal florets
enlarged and radiating but not ligulate, as in the capitula or heads
of the cornflower.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*a"tion</hw> (-&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>radiatio</i>: cf. F. <i>radiation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of radiating, or the state of being radiated; emission
and diffusion of rays of light; beamy brightness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The shooting forth of anything from a point
or surface, like the diverging rays of light; as, the <i>radiation</i>
of heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*a*tive</hw> (r&amacr;"d&ibreve;*&asl;*t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of radiating; acting by
radiation.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*a`tor</hw> (-&amacr;`t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>That which radiates or emits rays, whether of light or heat;
especially, that part of a heating apparatus from which the heat is
radiated or diffused; as, a steam <i>radiator</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rad"i*cal</hw> (r&abreve;d"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>radicalis</i> having roots, fr.
<i>radix</i>, <i>-icis</i>, a root. See <u>Radix</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the root; proceeding
directly from the root.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Of or pertaining to the root or
origin; reaching to the center, to the foundation, to the ultimate
sources, to the principles, or the like; original; fundamental;
thorough-going; unsparing; extreme; as, <i>radical</i> evils;
<i>radical</i> reform; a <i>radical</i> party.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most determined exertions of that authority,
against them, only showed their <i>radical</i>
independence.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Belonging
to, or proceeding from, the root of a plant; as, <i>radical</i> tubers
or hairs.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Proceeding from a rootlike
stem, or one which does not rise above the ground; as, the
<i>radical</i> leaves of the dandelion and the sidesaddle
flower.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>Relating, or belonging, to
the root, or ultimate source of derivation; as, a <i>radical</i>
verbal form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a radix
or root; as, a <i>radical</i> quantity; a <i>radical</i> sign. See
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Radical axis of two circles</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Axis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Radical pitch</b></col>,
<cd>the pitch or tone with which the utterance of a syllable
begins.</cd> <i>Rush.</i> -- <col><b>Radical quantity</b></col>
<i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>a quantity to which the radical sign is prefixed;
specifically, a quantity which is not a perfect power of the degree
indicated by the radical sign; a surd.</cd> -- <col><b>Radical
sign</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the sign &radic; (originally the
letter <i>r</i>, the initial of <i>radix</i>, root), placed before any
quantity, denoting that its root is to be extracted; thus,
&radic;<i>a</i>, or &radic;(<i>a</i> + <i>b</i>). To indicate any
other than the square root, a corresponding figure is placed over the
sign; thus, &cuberoot;<i>a</i>, indicates the third or cube root of
<i>a</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Radical stress</b></col> <i>(Elocution)</i>,
<cd>force of utterance falling on the initial part of a syllable or
sound.</cd> -- <col><b>Radical vessels</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>minute vessels which originate in the substance of the
tissues.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Primitive; original; natural; underived;
fundamental; entire.  -- <u>Radical</u>, <u>Entire</u>. These words
are frequently employed as interchangeable in describing some marked
alteration in the condition of things. There is, however, an obvious
difference between them. A <i>radical</i> cure, reform, etc., is one
which goes to the root of the thing in question; and it is
<i>entire</i>, in the sense that, by affecting the root, it affects in
an appropriate degree the <i>entire</i> body nourished by the root;
but it may not be <i>entire</i> in the sense of making a change
complete in its nature, as well as in its extent. Hence, we speak of a
<i>radical</i> change; a <i>radical</i> improvement; <i>radical</i>
differences of opinion; while an <i>entire</i> change, an
<i>entire</i> improvement, an <i>entire</i> difference of opinion,
might indicate more than was actually intended. A certain change may
be both <i>radical</i> and <i>entire</i>, in every sense.</p>

<p><hw>Rad"i*cal</hw> (r&abreve;d"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Philol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A primitive word; a radix, root, or simple,
underived, uncompounded word; an etymon.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A primitive letter; a letter that belongs to the radix.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The words we at present make use of, and understand
only by common agreement, assume a new air and life in the
understanding, when you trace them to their <i>radicals</i>, where you
find every word strongly stamped with nature; full of energy, meaning,
character, painting, and poetry.</blockquote> <i>Cleland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Politics)</i> <def>One who advocates radical
changes in government or social institutions, especially such changes
as are intended to level class inequalities; -- opposed to
<i>conservative</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In politics they [the Independents] were, to use the
phrase of their own time, "Root-and-Branch men," or, to use the
kindred phrase of our own, <i>Radicals</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
characteristic, essential, and fundamental constituent of any
compound; hence, sometimes, an atom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a general rule, the metallic atoms are basic
<i>radicals</i>, while the nonmetallic atoms are acid
<i>radicals</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. P. Cooke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Specifically, a group of two or more
atoms, not completely saturated, which are so linked that their union
implies certain properties, and are conveniently regarded as playing
the part of a single atom; a residue; -- called also a <i>compound
radical</i>.  Cf. <u>Residue</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A radical quantity. See under
<u>Radical</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>An indicated root of a perfect power of the degree
indicated is not a <i>radical</i> but a rational quantity under a
radical form.</blockquote> <i>Davies &amp; Peck (Math. Dict.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A radical vessel. See under
<u>Radical</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Rad"i*cal*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>radicalisme</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being radical;
specifically, the doctrines or principles of radicals in politics or
social reform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Radicalism</i> means root work; the uprooting of all
falsehoods and abuses.</blockquote> <i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rad`i*cal"i*ty</hw> (-k&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Germinal principle;
source; origination.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Radicalness; relation to a root in
essential nature or principle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rad"i*cal*ly</hw> (r&abreve;d"&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a radical manner;
at, or from, the origin or root; fundamentally; as, a scheme or system
<i>radically</i> wrong or defective.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without derivation; primitively;
essentially.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These great orbs thus <i>radically</i>
bright.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rad"i*cal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being radical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rad"i*cant</hw> (-k<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>radicans</i>, p. pr.: cf. F. <i>radicant</i>. See <u>Radicate</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Taking root on, or above, the
ground; rooting from the stem, as the trumpet creeper and the
ivy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rad"i*cate</hw> (-k&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>radicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>radicari</i> to take root, fr.
<i>radix</i>. See <u>Radix</u>.] <def>Radicated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rad"i*cate</hw> (-k&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
take root; to become rooted.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rad"i*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Radicated</u> (-k&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Radicating</u>.] <def>To cause to take root; to
plant deeply and firmly; to root.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time should . . . rather confirm and <i>radicate</i> in
us the remembrance of God's goodness.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rad"i*ca`ted</hw> (-k&amacr;`t&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Rooted</def>; specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having roots, or possessing a well-developed root.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having rootlike organs
for attachment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rad`i*ca"tion</hw> (-k&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>radication</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The process of taking root, or state of being rooted; as, the
<i>radication</i> of habits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The disposition of the roots
of a plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rad"i*cel</hw> (r&abreve;d"&ibreve;*s&ebreve;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>radix</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small branch of a root; a rootlet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*dic`i*flo"rous</hw>
(r&adot;*d&ibreve;s`&ibreve;*fl&omacr;"r&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>radix</i>, <i>-icis</i>, root +
<i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, a flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Rhizanthous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*dic"i*form</hw> (r&adot;*d&ibreve;s"&ibreve;*f&ocirc;m),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the nature or
appearance of a radix or root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rad"i*cle</hw> (r&abreve;d"&ibreve;*k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>radicula</i>, dim. of <i>radix</i>, <i>-icis</i>, root: cf. F.
<i>radicule</i>. See <u>Radix</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The rudimentary stem of a plant which supports the cotyledons in
the seed, and from which the root is developed downward; the stem of
the embryo; the caulicle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A rootlet; a
radicel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*dic"u*lar</hw> (r&adot;*d&ibreve;k"&usl;*l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to roots, or the root of a
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rad"i*cule</hw> (r&abreve;d"&ibreve;*k&umacr;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A radicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*dic"u*lose`</hw> (r&adot;*d&ibreve;k"&usl;*l&omacr;s`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing numerous radicles,
or rootlets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*i</hw> (r&amacr;"d&ibreve;*&imacr;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of
<u>Radius</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*o-</hw> (r&amacr;"d&ibreve;*&osl;-). <def>A combining
form indicating <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>a
radius</i> or <i>ray</i>; specifically <i>(Anat.)</i>, <i>with the
radius of the forearm</i>; as, <i>radio</i>-ulnar, <i>radio</i>-
muscular, <i>radio</i>-carpal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra`di*o-flag`el*la"ta</hw> (-
fl&abreve;j`&ebreve;l*l&amacr;"t&adot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Radiate</u>, and <u>Flagellata</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
group of Protozoa having both flagella and pseudopodia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*o*graph</hw> (r&amacr;"d&ibreve;*&osl;*gr&abreve;f),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Radio-</i> + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Phys.)</i>
<def>A picture produced by the R&ouml;ntgen rays upon a sensitive
surface, photographic or fluorescent, especially a picture of opaque
objects traversed by the rays.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1184 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>||Ra`di*o*la"ri*a</hw>
(r&amacr;`d&ibreve;*&osl;*l&amacr;"r&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Radioli</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Order
of rhizopods, usually having a siliceous skeleton, or shell, and
sometimes radiating spicules. The pseudopodia project from the body
like rays. It includes the polycystines. See
<u>Polycystina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*o*la"ri*an</hw>
(r&amacr;`d&ibreve;*&osl;*l&amacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Radiolaria.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Radiolaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra*di"o*li</hw> (r&adot;*d&imacr;"&osl;*l&imacr;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos>; sing. <singw><b>Radiolus</b></singw> (-l&ubreve;s).
[NL., dim. of L. <i>radius</i> radius: cf. L. <i>radiolus</i> a feeble
sunbeam.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The barbs of the radii of a
feather; barbules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*o*lite</hw> (r&amacr;"d&ibreve;*&osl;*l&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>radius</i> ray + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F.
<i>radiolithe</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A hippurite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*om"e*ter</hw> (-&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>radius</i> radius + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F.
<i>radiom&egrave;tre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
forestaff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument designed for
measuring the mechanical effect of radiant energy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It consists of a number of light disks, blackened on one
side, placed at the ends of extended arms, supported on  a pivot in an
exhausted glass vessel. When exposed to rays of light or heat, the
arms rotate.</p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*o*mi*crom"e*ter</hw> (-
&osl;*m&isl;*kr&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Radio-</i> + <i>micrometer</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A very
sensitive modification or application of the thermopile, used for
indicating minute changes of radiant heat, or temperature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*o*phone</hw> (r&amacr;"d&ibreve;*&osl;*f&omacr;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Radio-</i> + Gr. <grk>fwnh`</grk> sound.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An apparatus for the production of sound by the
action of luminous or thermal rays. It is essentially the same as the
photophone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*oph"o*ny</hw> (-&obreve;f"&osl;*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The art or practice of
using the radiophone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*ous</hw> (r&amacr;"d&ibreve;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>radiosus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of rays, as light.</def> [R.]  <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Radiating; radiant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>G.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rad"ish</hw> (r&abreve;d"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>radis</i>; cf. It. <i>radice</i>, Pr. <i>raditz</i>; all fr. L.
<i>radix</i>, <i>-icis</i>, a root, an edible root, especially a
radish, akin to E. <i>wort</i>. See <u>Wort</u>, and cf.
<u>Eradicate</u>, <u>Race</u> a root, <u>Radix</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The pungent fleshy root of a well-known cruciferous plant
(<i>Raphanus sativus</i>); also, the whole plant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Radish fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small two-
winged fly (<i>Anthomyia raphani</i>) whose larv&aelig; burrow in
radishes. It resembles the onion fly.</cd> -- <col><b>Rat-tailed
radish</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an herb (<i>Raphanus caudatus</i>)
having a long, slender pod, which is sometimes eaten.</cd> --
<col><b>Wild radish</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the jointed
charlock.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*us</hw> (r&amacr;"d&ibreve;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Radii</b></plw> (-
&imacr;); E. <plw><b>Radiuses</b></plw> (-&ubreve;s*&ebreve;z). [L., a
staff, rod, spoke of a wheel, radius, ray. See <u>Ray</u> a divergent
line.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A right line drawn or
extending from the center of a circle to the periphery; the
semidiameter of a circle or sphere.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The preaxial bone of the
forearm, or brachium, corresponding to the tibia of the hind limb. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Artiodactyla</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The radius is on the same side of the limb as the thumb, or
pollex, and in man it is so articulated that its lower end is capable
of partial rotation about the ulna.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A ray, or outer floret, of
the capitulum of such plants as the sunflower and the daisy. See
<u>Ray</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The barbs of a perfect feather.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Radiating organs, or color-markings, of the
radiates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The movable limb of a sextant or other
angular instrument.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Radius bar</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a bar pivoted at
one end, about which it swings, and having its other end attached to a
piece which it causes to move in a circular arc.</cd> --
<col><b>Radius of curvature</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Curvature</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ra"di*us vec"tor</hw> (v&ebreve;k"t&obreve;r).
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A straight line (or the length
of such line) connecting any point, as of a curve, with a fixed point,
or pole, round which the straight line turns, and to which it serves
to refer the successive points of a curve, in a system of polar
co&ouml;rdinates. See <u>Co&ouml;rdinate</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An ideal straight line
joining the center of an attracting body with that of a body
describing an orbit around it, as a line joining the sun and a planet
or comet, or a planet and its satellite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"dix</hw> (r&amacr;"d&ibreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Radices</b></plw>
(r&abreve;d"&ibreve;*s&emacr;z), E. <plw><b>Radixes</b></plw>
(r&amacr;"d&ibreve;ks*&ebreve;z). [L. <i>radix</i>, <i>-icis</i>,
root. See <u>Radish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>A
primitive word, from which spring other words; a radical; a root; an
etymon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A number
or quantity which is arbitrarily made the fundamental number of any
system; a base. Thus, 10 is the <i>radix</i>, or base, of the common
system of logarithms, and also of the decimal system of
numeration.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A finite
expression, from which a series is derived.</def> [R.]
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The root of a
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rad"u*la</hw> (r&abreve;d"&usl;*l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Radul&aelig;</b></plw> (-
l&emacr;). [L., a scraper, fr. <i>radere</i> to scrape.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chitinous ribbon bearing the teeth of
mollusks; -- called also <i>lingual ribbon</i>, and <i>tongue</i>. See
<u>Odontophore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*du"li*form</hw> (r&adot;*d&umacr;"l&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>radula</i> a scraper + <i>-form</i>.]
<def>Rasplike; as, <i>raduliform</i> teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raff</hw> (r&adot;f), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Raffed</u> (r&adot;ft); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Raffing</u>.] [OF. <i>raffer</i>, of German origin;
cf. G. <i>raffen</i>; akin to E. <i>rap</i> to snatch. See <u>Rap</u>,
and cf. <u>Riffraff</u>, <u>Rip</u> to tear.] <def>To sweep, snatch,
draw, or huddle together; to take by a promiscuous sweep.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Causes and effects which I thus <i>raff</i> up
together.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
promiscuous heap; a jumble; a large quantity; lumber; refuse.</def> "A
<i>raff</i> of errors."  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sweepings of society; the rabble; the
mob; -- chiefly used in the compound or duplicate,
<i>riffraff</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A low fellow; a churl.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Raff merchant</b></col>, <cd>a dealer in lumber and odd
refuse.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Raf`fa*el*esque"</hw>
(r&abreve;f`f&adot;*&ebreve;l*&ebreve;sk"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Raphaelesque.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raf"fi*a</hw> (r&abreve;f"f&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fibrous material used for
tying plants, said to come from the leaves of a palm tree of the genus
<i>Raphia</i>.</def>  <i>J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).</i></p>

<p><hw>Raf"fi*nose`</hw> (r&abreve;f"f&ibreve;*n&omacr;s`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>raffiner</i> to refine.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A colorless crystalline slightly sweet substance obtained from
the molasses of the sugar beet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raff"ish</hw> (r&adot;f"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resembling, or having the character of, raff, or a raff;
worthless; low.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sad, <i>raffish</i>, disreputable
character.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raf"fle</hw> (r&abreve;f"f'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>rafle</i>; <i>faire rafle</i> to sweep stakes, fr. <i>rafler</i> to
carry or sweep away, <i>rafler tout</i> to sweep stakes; of German
origin; cf. G. <i>raffeln</i> to snatch up, to rake. See <u>Raff</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of lottery, in
which several persons pay, in shares, the value of something put up as
a stake, and then determine by chance (as by casting dice) which one
of them shall become the sole possessor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A game of dice in which he who threw three
alike won all the stakes.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Raffled</u> (-f'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Raffling</u> (-fl&ibreve;ng).] <def>To engage in a raffle; as, to
<i>raffle</i> for a watch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dispose of by
means of a raffle; -- often followed by <i>off</i>; as, to
<i>raffle</i> off a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raf"fler</hw> (r&abreve;f"fl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who raffles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Raf*fle"si*a</hw> (r&abreve;f*fl&emacr;"zh&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named from its discoverer, Sir S.
<i>Raffles</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of stemless, leafless
plants, living parasitically upon the roots and stems of grapevines in
Malaysia. The flowers have a carrionlike odor, and are very large, in
one species (<i>Rafflesia Arnoldi</i>) having a diameter of two or
three feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raft</hw> (r&adot;ft), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Reave</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raft</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Originally, a rafter, spar,
and fr. Icel. <i>raptr</i> a rafter; akin to Dan. <i>raft</i>, Prov.
G. <i>raff</i> a rafter, spar; cf. OHG. <i>r&amacr;fo</i>,
<i>r&amacr;vo</i>, a beam, rafter, Icel. <i>r&amacr;f</i> roof.  Cf.
<u>Rafter</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
collection of logs, boards, pieces of timber, or the like, fastened
together, either for their own collective conveyance on the water, or
to serve as a support in conveying other things; a float.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of logs, fallen trees, etc.
(such as is formed in some Western rivers of the United States), which
obstructs navigation.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Perhaps akin to <i>raff</i> a heap.] <def>A
large collection of people or things taken indiscriminately.</def>
[Slang, U. S.] "A whole <i>raft</i> of folks."  <i>W. D.
Howells.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Raft bridge</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A bridge
whose points of support are rafts</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
bridge that consists of floating timbers fastened together.</cd> --
<col><b>Raft duck</b></col>. [The name alludes to its swimming in
dense flocks.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
bluebill, or greater scaup duck; -- called also <i>flock duck</i>. See
<u>Scaup</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The redhead.</cd> --
<col><b>Raft port</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a large, square port
in a vessel's side for loading or unloading timber or other bulky
articles; a timber or lumber port.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Raft</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rafted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rafting</u>.] <def>To transport on a raft, or in the form of a
raft; to make into a raft; as, to <i>raft</i> timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raf"te</hw> (r&adot;f"t<i>e</i>), obs.
<def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Reave</u>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raft"er</hw> (r&adot;ft"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
raftsman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raft"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>r&aelig;fter</i>;
akin to E. <i>raft</i>, n. See <u>Raft</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Originally, any rough and somewhat heavy piece of timber. Now,
commonly, one of the timbers of a roof which are put on sloping,
according to the inclination of the roof. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Queen-post</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Courtesy] oft is sooner found in lowly sheds,<BR>
With smoky <i>rafters</i>, than in tapestry halls.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raft"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make into rafters, as timber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with rafters, as a
house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To plow so as to turn the
grass side of each furrow upon an unplowed ridge; to ridge.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Raft"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of making
or managing rafts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rafts"man</hw> (r&adot;fts"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Raftsmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>A man
engaged in rafting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raf"ty</hw> (r&adot;f"t&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Perhaps
akin to G. <i>reif</i> hoarfrost.] <def>Damp; musty.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Rag</hw> (r&abreve;g), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>r&aelig;gja</i> to calumniate, OHG. <i>ruogen</i> to accuse, G.
<i>r&uuml;gen</i> to censure, AS. <i>wr&emacr;gan</i>, Goth.
<i>wr&omacr;hjan</i> to accuse.] <def>To scold or rail at; to rate; to
tease; to torment; to banter.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Pegge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ragge</i>, probably of
Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <i>r&ouml;gg</i> a tuft, shagginess, Sw.
<i>ragg</i> rough hair.  Cf. <u>Rug</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of cloth torn off; a tattered piece of
cloth; a shred; a tatter; a fragment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cowls, hoods, and habits, with their wearers,
tossed.<BR>
And fluttered into <i>rags</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not having otherwise any <i>rag</i> of legality to
cover the shame of their cruelty.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Hence, mean or tattered attire;
worn-out dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And virtue, though in <i>rags</i>, will keep me
warm.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shabby, beggarly fellow; a
ragamuffin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The other zealous <i>rag</i> is the
compositor.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the proclamation, they all came in, both tag and
<i>rag</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A coarse kind of rock,
somewhat cellular in texture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Metal Working)</i> <def>A ragged
edge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A sail, or any piece of canvas.</def>
[Nautical Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our ship was a clipper with every <i>rag</i>
set.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rag bolt</b></col>, <cd>an iron pin with barbs on its shank
to retain it in place.</cd> -- <col><b>Rag carpet</b></col>, <cd>a
carpet of which the weft consists of narrow strips of cloth sewed
together, end to end.</cd> -- <col><b>Rag dust</b></col>, <cd>fine
particles of ground-up rags, used in making papier-mach&eacute; and
wall papers.</cd> -- <col><b>Rag wheel</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A chain wheel; a sprocket wheel</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
polishing wheel made of disks of cloth clamped together on a
mandrel.</cd> -- <col><b>Rag wool</b></col>, <cd>wool obtained by
tearing woolen rags into fine bits; shoddy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rag</hw> (r&abreve;g), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ragged</u> (r&abreve;gd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ragging</u> (-g&ibreve;ng).] <def>To become
tattered.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
break (ore) into lumps for sorting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut or dress roughly, as a
grindstone.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rag"a*bash`</hw> (-&adot;*b&abreve;sh`),
<hw>Rag"a*brash`</hw> (-br&abreve;sh`), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
idle, ragged person.</def>  <i>Nares.</i>  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rag`a*muf"fin</hw> (-m&ubreve;f"f&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>Ragamofin</i>, the name of a demon in
some of the old mysteries.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A paltry or
disreputable fellow; a mean wretch.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who wears ragged clothing.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The long-tailed
titmouse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Rage</hw> (r&amacr;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>rabies</i>, fr. <i>rabere</i> to rave; cf. Skr. <i>rabh</i> to
seize, <i>rabhas</i> violence.  Cf. <u>Rabid</u>, <u>Rabies</u>,
<u>Rave</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Violent excitement; eager
passion; extreme vehemence of desire, emotion, or suffering, mastering
the will.</def> "In great <i>rage</i> of pain."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He appeased the <i>rage</i> of hunger with some scraps
of broken meat.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Convulsed with a <i>rage</i> of grief.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, anger accompanied with raving;
overmastering wrath; violent anger; fury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Torment, and loud lament, and furious
<i>rage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A violent or raging wind.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The subject of eager desire; that which is
sought after, or prosecuted, with unreasonable or excessive passion;
as, to be all the <i>rage</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Anger; vehemence; excitement; passion; fury. See
<u>Anger</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rage</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Raged</u> (r&amacr;jd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Raging</u> (r&amacr;"j&ibreve;ng).] [OF.
<i>ragier</i>. See <u>Rage</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be furious with anger; to be exasperated
to fury; to be violently agitated with passion.</def> "Whereat he inly
<i>raged</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When one so great begins to <i>rage</i>, he is
hunted<BR>
Even to falling.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be violent and tumultuous; to be
violently driven or agitated; to act or move furiously; as, the
<i>raging</i> sea or winds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why do the heathen <i>rage</i>?</blockquote> <i>Ps. ii.
1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The madding wheels<BR>
Of brazen chariots <i>raged</i>; dire was the noise.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To ravage; to prevail without restraint, or
with destruction or fatal effect; as, the plague <i>raged</i> in
Cairo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To toy or act wantonly; to sport.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To storm; fret; chafe; fume.</p>

<p><hw>Rage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enrage.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rage"ful</hw> (-f&usd;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
rage; expressing rage.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Rageful</i> eyes."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"ger*y</hw> (r&amacr;"j&etilde;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wantonness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rag"ged</hw> (r&abreve;g"g&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[From <u>Rag</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rent
or worn into tatters, or till the texture is broken; as, a
<i>ragged</i> coat; a <i>ragged</i> sail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Broken with rough edges; having jags;
uneven; rough; jagged; as, <i>ragged</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, harsh and disagreeable to the ear;
dissonant.</def> [R.] "A <i>ragged</i> noise of mirth."
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Wearing tattered clothes; as, a
<i>ragged</i> fellow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Rough; shaggy; rugged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What shepherd owns those <i>ragged</i>
sheep?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ragged lady</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the fennel flower
(<i>Nigella Damascena</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Ragged robin</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus <i>Lychnis</i> (<i>L. Flos-
cuculi</i>), cultivated for its handsome flowers, which have the
petals cut into narrow lobes.</cd> -- <col><b>Ragged sailor</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>prince's feather (<i>Polygonum orientale</i>).</cd>
-- <col><b>Ragged school</b></col>, <cd>a free school for poor
children, where they are taught and in part fed; -- a name given at
first because they came in their common clothing.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p>-- <wf>Rag"ged*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rag"ged*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rag"gie</hw> (r&abreve;g"g&ibreve;), or <hw>Rag"gy</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ragged; rough.</def> [Obs.] "A stony and
<i>raggie</i> hill."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ragh`u*van"sa</hw> (r&ubreve;g`&usd;*v&ubreve;n"s&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>Raguva&msdot;&ccedil;a</i>.] <def>A
celebrated Sanskrit poem having for its subject the Raghu
dynasty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"ging</hw> (r&amacr;"j&ibreve;ng), <def><pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> from <u>Rage</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def> --
<wf>Ra"ging*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ra"gious</hw> (r&amacr;"j&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Raging; furious; rageful.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Ra"gious*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rag"lan</hw> (r&abreve;g"l<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A loose overcoat with large sleeves; -- named from Lord
<i>Raglan</i>, an English general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rag"man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ragmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>A man who collects, or
deals in, rags.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rag"man</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ragman's roll</u>.]
<def>A document having many names or numerous seals, as a papal
bull.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rag"man's roll`</hw> (-m<i>a</i>nz r&omacr;l`). [For <i>ragman
roll</i> a long list of names, the devil's roll or list; where
<i>ragman</i> is of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <i>ragmenni</i> a craven
person, Sw. <i>raggen</i> the devil. Icel. <i>ragmenni</i> is fr.
<i>ragr</i> cowardly (another form of <i>argr</i>, akin to AS.
<i>earg</i> cowardly, vile, G. <i>arg</i> bad) + <i>menni</i> (in
comp.) man, akin to E. <i>man</i>. See <u>Roll</u>, and cf.
<u>Rigmarole</u>.] <def>The rolls of deeds on parchment in which the
Scottish nobility and gentry subscribed allegiance to Edward I. of
England, <u>A. D.</u> 1296.</def> [Also written <i>ragman-
roll</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ra*gout"</hw> (r&adot;*g&oomac;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>rago&ucirc;t</i>, fr. <i>rago&ucirc;ter</i> to restore one's
appetite, fr. L. pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>ad</i> to + <i>gustare</i>
to taste, <i>gustus</i> taste. See <u>Gust</u> relish.] <def>A dish
made of pieces of meat, stewed, and highly seasoned; as, a
<i>ragout</i> of mutton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rag"pick`er</hw> (r&abreve;g"p&ibreve;k`&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gets a living by picking up rags and
refuse things in the streets.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ra*guled"</hw> (r&adot;*g&umacr;ld"), <hw>Rag*guled"</hw>
(r&abreve;g-), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>raguer</i> to chafe,
fret, rub, or E. <i>rag</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Notched in regular
diagonal breaks; -- said of a line, or a bearing having such an
edge.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1185 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>Rag"weed`</hw> (r&abreve;g"w&emacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A common American composite weed (<i>Ambrosia
artemisi&aelig;folia</i>) with finely divided leaves;
hogweed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Great ragweed</b></col>, <cd>a coarse American herb
(<i>Ambrosia trifida</i>), with rough three-lobed opposite
leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rag"work`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Masonry)</i> <def>A kind of rubblework. In the United States, any
rubblework of thin and small stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rag"wort`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several species of the composite
genus <i>Senecio</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Senecio aureus</i> is the golden ragwort of the United
States; <i>S. elegans</i> is the purple ragwort of South Africa.</p>

<p><hw>||Ra"ia</hw> (r&amacr;"y&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
ray.  Cf. <u>Ray</u> the fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
rays which includes the skates. See <u>Skate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra"i&aelig;</hw> (r&amacr;"y&emacr;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Raia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
order of elasmobranch fishes which includes the sawfishes, skates, and
rays; -- called also <i>Raj&aelig;</i>, and <i>Rajii</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raid</hw> (r&amacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>rei&eth;</i> a riding, raid; akin to E. <i>road</i>. See
<u>Road</u> a way.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hostile or predatory
incursion; an inroad or incursion of mounted men; a sudden and rapid
invasion by a cavalry force; a foray.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Marauding chief! his sole delight<BR>
The moonlight <i>raid</i>, the morning fight.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are permanent conquests, temporary occupations,
and occasional <i>raids</i>.</blockquote> <i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p>&fist; A Scottish word which came into common use in the United
States during the Civil War, and was soon extended in its
application.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An attack or invasion for the purpose of
making arrests, seizing property, or plundering; as, a <i>raid</i> of
the police upon a gambling house; a <i>raid</i> of contractors on the
public treasury.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Raid</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Raided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Raiding</u>.] <def>To make a raid upon or into; as, two regiments
<i>raided</i> the border counties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raid"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
engages in a raid.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Rail</hw> (r&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>reil</i>,
<i>re&yogh;el</i>, AS. <i>hr&aelig;gel</i>, <i>hr&aelig;gl</i>, a
garment; akin to OHG. <i>hregil</i>, OFries. <i>hreil</i>.] <def>An
outer cloak or covering; a neckerchief for women.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rail</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>To
flow forth; to roll out; to course.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Streams of tears from her fair eyes forth
<i>railing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG. &amp; Sw. <i>regel</i>
bar, bolt, G. <i>riegel</i> a rail, bar, or bolt, OHG. <i>rigil</i>,
<i>rigel</i>, bar, bolt, and possibly to E. <i>row</i> a line.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bar of timber or metal, usually horizontal
or nearly so, extending from one post or support to another, as in
fences, balustrades, staircases, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A horizontal piece in a
frame or paneling. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Style</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A bar of steel or iron,
forming part of the track on which the wheels roll. It is usually
shaped with reference to vertical strength, and is held in place by
chairs, splices, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
stout, narrow plank that forms the top of the bulwarks.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The light, fencelike structures of wood or
metal at the break of the deck, and elsewhere where such protection is
needed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rail fence</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fence</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rail guard</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A device
attached to the front of a locomotive on each side for clearing the
rail of obstructions</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A guard rail. See
under <u>Guard</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rail joint</b></col>
<i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>a splice connecting the adjacent ends of rails,
in distinction from a <i>chair</i>, which is merely a seat. The two
devices are sometimes united. Among several hundred varieties, the
<i>fish joint</i> is standard. See <i>Fish joint</i>, under
<u>Fish</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rail train</b></col> <i>(Iron &amp; Steel
Manuf.)</i>, <cd>a train of rolls in a rolling mill, for making rails
for railroads from blooms or billets.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Railed</u> (r&amacr;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Railing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inclose with
rails or a railing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It ought to be fenced in and
<i>railed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To range in a line.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They were brought to London all <i>railed</i> in ropes,
like a team of horses in a cart.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&acirc;le</i>, fr.
<i>r&acirc;ler</i> to have a rattling in the throat; of German origin,
and akin to E. <i>rattle</i>. See <u>Rattle</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of limicoline
birds of the family <i>Rallid&aelig;</i>, especially those of the
genus <i>Rallus</i>, and of closely allied genera. They are prized as
game birds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European water rail (<i>Rallus aquaticus</i>) is
called also <i>bilcock</i>, <i>skitty coot</i>, and <i>brook
runner</i>. The best known American species are the clapper rail, or
salt-marsh hen (<i>Rallus longirostris</i>, var. <i>crepitans</i>);
the king, or red-breasted, rail (<i>R. elegans</i>) (called also
<i>fresh-water marsh-hen</i>); the lesser clapper, or Virginia, rail
(<i>R. Virginianus</i>); and the Carolina, or sora, rail (<i>Porzana
Carolina</i>). See <u>Sora</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Land rail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
corncrake.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rail</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>railler</i>; cf. Sp.
<i>rallar</i> to grate, scrape, molest; perhaps fr. (assumed) LL.
<i>radiculare</i>, fr. L. <i>radere</i> to scrape, grate.  Cf.
<u>Rally</u> to banter, <u>Rase</u>.] <def>To use insolent and
reproachful language; to utter reproaches; to scoff; -- followed by
<i>at</i> or <i>against</i>, formerly by <i>on</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>rail</i> at arts he did not
understand.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lesbia forever on me <i>rails</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rail</hw> (r&amacr;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rail at.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move or influence by railing.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rail</i> the seal from off my bond.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rail"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rails; one who scoffs, insults, censures, or reproaches with
opprobrious language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rail"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Expressing reproach;
insulting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Angels, which are greater in power and might, bring not
<i>railing</i> accusation against them.</blockquote> <i>2 Pet. ii.
11.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rail"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
barrier made of a rail or of rails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rails in general; also, material for making
rails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rail"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With scoffing or
insulting language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rail"ler*y</hw> (r&abreve;l"l&etilde;r*&ybreve; <i>or</i>
r&amacr;l"-; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>raillerie</i>, fr.
<i>railler</i>. See <u>Rail</u> to scoff.] <def>Pleasantry or slight
satire; banter; jesting language; satirical merriment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let <i>raillery</i> be without malice or
heat.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Studies employed on low objects; the very naming of
them is sufficient to turn them into <i>raillery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Rail`leur"</hw> (r&adot;`ly&etilde;r" or
r&adot;`y&etilde;r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A banterer; a
jester; a mocker.</def> [R.]  <i>Wycherley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rail"road`</hw> (r&amacr;l"r&omacr;d`), <hw>Rail"way`</hw> (-
w&amacr;`), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A road or
way consisting of one or more parallel series of iron or steel rails,
patterned and adjusted to be tracks for the wheels of vehicles, and
suitably supported on a bed or substructure.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The modern railroad is a development and adaptation of the
older tramway.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The road, track, etc., with all the lands,
buildings, rolling stock, franchises, etc., pertaining to them and
constituting one property; as, a certain <i>railroad</i> has been put
into the hands of a receiver.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Railway</i> is the commoner word in England;
<i>railroad</i> the commoner word in the United States.</p>

<p>&fist; In the following and similar phrases <i>railroad</i> and
<i>railway</i> are used interchangeably: --</p>

<p><col><b>Atmospheric railway</b></col>, <col><b>Elevated
railway</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Atmospheric</u>,
<u>Elevated</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Cable railway</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Cable road</i>, under <u>Cable</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ferry
railway</b></col>, <cd>a submerged track on which an elevated platform
runs, for carrying a train of cars across a water course.</cd> --
<col><b>Gravity railway</b></col>, <cd>a railway, in a hilly country,
on which the cars run by gravity down gentle slopes for long distances
after having been hauled up steep inclines to an elevated point by
stationary engines.</cd> -- <col><b>Railway brake</b></col>, <cd>a
brake used in stopping railway cars or locomotives.</cd> --
<col><b>Railway car</b></col>, <cd>a large, heavy vehicle with flanged
wheels fitted for running on a railway.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Railway
carriage</b></col>, <cd>a railway passenger car.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Railway scale</b></col>, <cd>a platform scale bearing a track
which forms part of the line of a railway, for weighing loaded
cars.</cd> -- <col><b>Railway slide</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Transfer
table</i>, under <u>Transfer</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Railway
spine</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an abnormal condition due to severe
concussion of the spinal cord, such as occurs in railroad accidents.
It is characterized by ataxia and other disturbances of muscular
function, sensory disorders, pain in the back, impairment of general
health, and cerebral disturbance, -- the symptoms often not developing
till some months after the injury.</cd> -- <col><b>Underground
railroad</b></col> or <col><b>railway</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A railroad or railway running through a tunnel, as beneath the
streets of a city</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Formerly, a system of
co&ouml;peration among certain active antislavery people in the United
States, by which fugitive slaves were secretly helped to reach
Canada</cd>. [In the latter sense <i>railroad</i>, and not
<i>railway</i>, was used.] "Their house was a principal
<i>entrep&ocirc;t</i> of the <i>underground railroad</i>." <i>W. D.
Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rail"road`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The construction
of a railroad; the business of managing or operating a railroad.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Rai"ment</hw> (r&amacr;"m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Abbrev. fr. <i>arraiment</i>. See <u>Array</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Clothing in general; vesture; garments; -- usually singular in
form, with a collective sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Living, both food and <i>raiment</i> she
supplies.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An article of dress.</def> [R. or Obs.]
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rain</hw> (r&amacr;n), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos>
<def>Reign.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rain</hw> (r&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rein</i>,
AS. <i>regen</i>; akin to OFries. <i>rein</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>regen</i>,
OS. &amp; OHG. <i>regan</i>, Icel., Dan., &amp; Sw. <i>regn</i>, Goth.
<i>rign</i>, and prob. to L. <i>rigare</i> to water, to wet; cf. Gr.
<grk>bre`chein</grk> to wet, to rain.] <def>Water falling in drops
from the clouds; the descent of water from the clouds in
drops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rain</i> is water by the heat of the sun divided
into very small parts ascending in the air, till, encountering the
cold, it be condensed into clouds, and descends in drops.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair days have oft contracted wind and
<i>rain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Rain</i> is distinguished from <i>mist</i> by the size of
the drops, which are distinctly visible. When water falls in very
small drops or particles, it is called <i>mist</i>; and <i>fog</i> is
composed of particles so fine as to be not only individually
indistinguishable, but to float or be suspended in the air. See
<u>Fog</u>, and <u>Mist</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Rain band</b></col> <i>(Meteorol.)</i>, <cd>a dark band in
the yellow portion of the solar spectrum near the sodium line, caused
by the presence of watery vapor in the atmosphere, and hence sometimes
used in weather predictions.</cd> -- <col><b>Rain bird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the yaffle, or green woodpecker. [Prov. Eng.]
The name is also applied to various other birds, as to <i>Saurothera
vetula</i> of the West Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Rain fowl</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the channel-bill cuckoo (<i>Scythrops
Nov&aelig;-Hollandi&aelig;</i>) of Australia.</cd> -- <col><b>Rain
gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument of various forms for measuring the
quantity of rain that falls at any given place in a given time; a
pluviometer; an ombrometer.</cd> -- <col><b>Rain goose</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the red-throated diver, or loon.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.] -- <col><b>Rain prints</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>markings on
the surfaces of stratified rocks, presenting an appearance similar to
those made by rain on mud and sand, and believed to have been so
produced.</cd> -- <col><b>Rain quail</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Quail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Rain
water</b></col>, <cd>water that has fallen from the clouds in
rain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rain</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rained</u> (r&amacr;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Raining</u>.] [AS. <i>regnian</i>, akin to G.
<i>regnen</i>, Goth. <i>rignjan</i>. See <u>Rain</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fall in drops from
the clouds, as water; -- used mostly with <i>it</i> for a nominative;
as, it <i>rains</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rain it <i>raineth</i> every day.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fall or drop like water from the clouds;
as, tears <i>rained</i> from their eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rain</hw> (r&amacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pour or shower down from above, like rain
from the clouds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then said the Lord unto Moses, Behold, I will
<i>rain</i> bread from heaven for you.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xvi.
4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bestow in a profuse or abundant manner;
as, to <i>rain</i> favors upon a person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rain"bow`</hw> (-b&omacr;`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>regenboga</i>, akin to G. <i>regenbogen</i>. See <u>Rain</u>, and
<u>Bow</u> anything bent.] <def>A bow or arch exhibiting, in
concentric bands, the several colors of the spectrum, and formed in
the part of the hemisphere opposite to the sun by the refraction and
reflection of the sun's rays in drops of falling rain.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Besides the ordinary bow, called also <i>primary
rainbow</i>, which is formed by two refractions and one reflection,
there is also another often seen exterior to it, called the
<i>secondary rainbow</i>, concentric with the first, and separated
from it by a small interval. It is formed by two refractions and two
reflections, is much fainter than the primary bow, and has its colors
arranged in the reverse order from those of the latter.</p>

<p><col><b>Lunar rainbow</b></col>, <cd>a fainter arch or rainbow,
formed by the moon.</cd> -- <col><b>Marine rainbow</b></col>, or
<col><b>Sea bow</b></col>, <cd>a similar bow seen in the spray of
waves at sea.</cd> -- <col><b>Rainbow trout</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bright-colored trout (<i>Salmo
irideus</i>), native of the mountains of California, but now
extensively introduced into the Eastern States, Japan, and other
countries; -- called also <i>brook trout</i>, <i>mountain trout</i>,
and <i>golden trout</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rainbow wrasse</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Wrasse</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Supernumerary rainbow</b></col>, <cd>a smaller bow, usually of
red and green colors only, sometimes seen within the primary or
without the secondary rainbow, and in contact with them.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rain"bowed`</hw> (-b&omacr;d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Formed with or like a rainbow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rain"deer`</hw> (-d&emacr;r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Reindeer</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rain"drop`</hw> (-dr&obreve;p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
drop of rain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rain"fall`</hw> (r&amacr;n"f&add;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A fall or descent of rain; the water, or amount of water, that
falls in rain; as, the average annual <i>rainfall</i> of a
region.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Supplied by the <i>rainfall</i> of the outer ranges of
Sinchul and Singaleleh.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rain"i*ness</hw> (-&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being rainy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rain"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of rain;
as, a <i>rainless</i> region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rain"-tight`</hw> (-t&imacr;t`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>So
tight as to exclude rain; as, a <i>rain-tight</i> roof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rain"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>regenig</i>.] <def>Abounding with rain; wet; showery; as,
<i>rainy</i> weather; a <i>rainy</i> day or season.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raip</hw> (r&amacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>reip</i> rope.  Cf. <u>Rope</u>.] <def>A rope; also, a measure
equal to a rod.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Rais</hw> (r&imacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as 2d
<u>Reis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rais"a*ble</hw> (r&amacr;z"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being raised.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raise</hw> (r&amacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Raised</u> (r&amacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Raising</u>.] [OE. <i>reisen</i>, Icel. <i>reisa</i>,
causative of <i>r&imacr;sa</i> to rise. See <u>Rise</u>, and cf.
<u>Rear</u> to raise.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to rise; to bring from a lower to
a higher place; to lift upward; to elevate; to heave; as, to
<i>raise</i> a stone or weight.</def> Hence, figuratively: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To bring to a higher condition or
situation; to elevate in rank, dignity, and the like; to increase the
value or estimation of; to promote; to exalt; to advance; to enhance;
as, to <i>raise</i> from a low estate; to <i>raise</i> to office; to
<i>raise</i> the price, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This gentleman came to be <i>raised</i> to great
titles.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The plate pieces of eight were <i>raised</i> three
pence in the piece.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To increase the strength, vigor, or
vehemence of; to excite; to intensify; to invigorate; to heighten; as,
to <i>raise</i> the pulse; to <i>raise</i> the voice; to <i>raise</i>
the spirits or the courage; to <i>raise</i> the heat of a
furnace.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To elevate in degree according to some
scale; as, to <i>raise</i> the pitch of the voice; to <i>raise</i> the
temperature of a room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to rise up, or assume an erect
position or posture; to set up; to make upright; as, to <i>raise</i> a
mast or flagstaff.</def> Hence: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To cause to spring up from a recumbent
position, from a state of quiet, or the like; to awaken; to
arouse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall not awake, nor be <i>raised</i> out of their
sleep.</blockquote> <i>Job xiv. 12.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To rouse to action; to stir up; to incite
to tumult, struggle, or war; to excite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He commandeth, and <i>raiseth</i> the stormy
wind.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cvii. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>&AElig;neas . . . employs his pains,<BR>
In parts remote, to <i>raise</i> the Tuscan swains.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To bring up from the lower world; to call
up, as a spirit from the world of spirits; to recall from death; to
give life to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should it be thought a thing incredible with you,
that God should <i>raise</i> the dead ?</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvi.
8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to arise, grow up, or come into
being or to appear; to give rise to; to originate, produce, cause,
effect, or the like.</def> Hence, specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To form by the accumulation of materials
or constituent parts; to build up; to erect;  as, to <i>raise</i> a
lofty structure, a wall, a heap of stones.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>raise</i> forts against thee.</blockquote>
<i>Isa. xxix. 3.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To bring together; to collect; to levy; to
get together or obtain for use or service; as, to <i>raise</i> money,
troops, and the like.</def> "To <i>raise</i> up a rent."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To cause to grow; to procure to be
produced, bred, or propagated; to grow; as, to <i>raise</i> corn,
barley, hops, etc.; to<i>raise</i> cattle.</def>  "He <i>raised</i>
sheep."  "He <i>raised</i> wheat where none grew before."
<i>Johnson's Dict.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1186 pr=vmg !></p>

<p>&fist; In some parts of the United States, notably in the Southern
States, <i>raise</i> is also commonly applied to the rearing or
bringing up of children.</p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>raised</i>, as they say in Virginia, among the
mountains of the North.</blockquote> <i>Paulding.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To bring into being; to produce; to cause
to arise, come forth, or appear; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>raise</i> them up a prophet from among their
brethren, like unto thee.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xviii. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God vouchsafes to <i>raise</i> another world<BR>
From him [Noah], and all his anger to forget.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To give rise to; to set agoing; to
occasion; to start; to originate; as, to <i>raise</i> a smile or a
blush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not <i>raise</i> a false
report.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxiii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To give vent or utterance to; to utter; to
strike up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Soon as the prince appears, they <i>raise</i> a
cry.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>To bring to notice; to submit for
consideration; as, to <i>raise</i> a point of order; to <i>raise</i>
an objection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to rise, as by the effect of
leaven; to make light and spongy, as bread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Miss Liddy can dance a jig, and <i>raise</i>
paste.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To cause
(the land or any other object) to seem higher by drawing nearer to it;
as, to <i>raise</i> Sandy Hook light.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>To let go; as in the command, <i>Raise</i> tacks and sheets,
<i>i. e.</i>, Let go tacks and sheets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To create or constitute; as,
to <i>raise</i> a use, that is, to create it.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To raise a blockade</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to remove
or break up a blockade, either by withdrawing the ships or forces
employed in enforcing it, or by driving them away or dispersing
them.</cd> -- <col><b>To raise a check</b></col>,
<col><b>note</b></col>, <col><b>bill of exchange</b></col>, <cd>etc.,
to increase fraudulently its nominal value by changing the writing,
figures, or printing in which the sum payable is specified.</cd> --
<col><b>To raise a siege</b></col>, <cd>to relinquish an attempt to
take a place by besieging it, or to cause the attempt to be
relinquished.</cd> -- <col><b>To raise steam</b></col>, <cd>to produce
steam of a required pressure.</cd> -- <col><b>To raise the
wind</b></col>, <cd>to procure ready money by some temporary
expedient.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To raise Cain</b></col>, or
<col><b>To raise the devil</b></col>, <cd>to cause a great
disturbance; to make great trouble.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To lift; exalt; elevate; erect; originate; cause;
produce; grow; heighten; aggravate; excite.</p>

<p><hw>Raised</hw> (r&amacr;zd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lifted up; showing above the surroundings; as,
<i>raised</i> or embossed metal work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Leavened; made with leaven, or yeast; --
used of bread, cake, etc., as distinguished from that made with cream
of tartar, soda, etc.  See <u>Raise</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
4.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Raised beach</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Beach</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Rais"er</hw> (r&amacr;z"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, raises (in various senses of the
verb).</def></p>

<p><hw>Rai"sin</hw> (r&amacr;"z'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>raisin</i> grape, raisin, L. <i>racemus</i> cluster of grapes or
berries; cf. Gr. <grk>"ra`x</grk>, <grk>"rago`s</grk>, berry, grape.
Cf. <u>Raceme</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A grape, or a bunch of
grapes.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grape dried in the sun or by artificial
heat.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Raisin tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common red
currant bush, whose fruit resembles the small raisins of Corinth
called <i>currants</i>.</cd> [Eng.]  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rais"ing</hw> (r&amacr;z"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of lifting, setting up, elevating,
exalting, producing, or restoring to life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the operation or work of
setting up the frame of a building; as, to help at a
<i>raising</i>.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The operation of embossing sheet metal, or
of forming it into cup-shaped or hollow articles, by hammering,
stamping, or spinning.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Raising bee</b></col>, <cd>a bee for raising the frame of a
building. See <u>Bee</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> [U.S.] <i>W.
Irving.</i> -- <col><b>Raising hammer</b></col>, <cd>a hammer with a
rounded face, used in raising sheet metal.</cd> -- <col><b>Raising
plate</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>the plate, or longitudinal timber,
on which a roof is raised and rests.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Rai`son`n&eacute;"</hw> (r&asl;`z&osl;`n&asl;"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>raisonn&eacute;</i>, p. p. of
<i>raisonner</i> to reason.] <def>Arranged systematically, or
according to classes or subjects; as, a catalogue
<i>raisonn&eacute;</i>. See under <u>Catalogue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rai"vel</hw> (r&amacr;"v<i>e</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A separator.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||Raj</hw> (r&auml;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rajah</u>.]
<def>Reign; rule.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>||Ra"ja</hw> (r&auml;"j&auml; or r&amacr;"j&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Rajah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"jah</hw> (r&auml;"j&auml; or r&amacr;"j&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>r&amacr;j&amacr;</i>, Skr.
<i>r&amacr;jan</i>, akin to L. <i>rex</i>, <i>regis</i>. See
<u>Regal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A native prince or king;
also, a landholder or person of importance in the agricultural
districts.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Ra"jah*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
dignity of a rajah.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Raj`poot"</hw>, <hw>||Raj`put"</hw>  }
(r&auml;j`p&oomac;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>r&amacr;j-
p&umacr;t</i>, Skr. <i>r&amacr;ja-putra</i> king's son.] <def>A Hindoo
of the second, or royal and military, caste; a Kshatriya; especially,
an inhabitant of the country of Rajpootana, in northern central
India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rake</hw> (r&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>race</i>;
akin to OD. <i>rake</i>, D. <i>reek</i>, OHG. <i>rehho</i>, G.
<i>rechen</i>, Icel. <i>reka</i> a shovel, and to Goth. <i>rikan</i>
to heap up, collect, and perhaps to Gr. <grk>'ore`gein</grk> to
stretch out, and E. <i>rack</i> to stretch.  Cf. <u>Reckon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An implement consisting of a headpiece having
teeth, and a long handle at right angles to it, -- used for collecting
hay, or other light things which are spread over a large surface, or
for breaking and smoothing the earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A toothed machine drawn by a horse, -- used
for collecting hay or grain; a horserake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Perhaps a different word.] <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>A fissure or mineral vein traversing the strata vertically, or
nearly so; -- called also <i>rake-vein</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gill rakes</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See under 1st
<u>Gill</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rake</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Raked</u> (r&amacr;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Raking</u>.] [AS. <i>racian</i>. See 1st <u>Rake</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To collect with a rake; as, to <i>rake</i>
hay; -- often with <i>up</i>; as, he <i>raked</i> up the fallen
leaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <def>To collect or draw together with
laborious industry; to gather from a wide space; to scrape together;
as, to <i>rake</i> together wealth; to <i>rake</i> together slanderous
tales; to <i>rake</i> together the rabble of a town.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass a rake over; to scrape or scratch
with a rake for the purpose of collecting and clearing off something,
or for stirring up the soil; as, to <i>rake</i> a lawn; to <i>rake</i>
a flower bed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To search through; to scour; to
ransack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The statesman <i>rakes</i> the town to find a
plot.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To scrape or scratch across; to pass over
quickly and lightly, as a rake does.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like clouds that <i>rake</i> the mountain
summits.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To enfilade; to fire in a
direction with the length of; in naval engagements, to cannonade, as a
ship, on the stern or head so that the balls range the whole length of
the deck.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To rake up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To collect
together, as the fire (live coals), and cover with ashes</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To bring up; to search out and bring to notice
again; as, <i>to rake up</i> old scandals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rake</hw> (r&amacr;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To use a rake, as for searching or for
collecting; to scrape; to search minutely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One is for <i>raking</i> in Chaucer for antiquated
words.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass with violence or rapidity; to
scrape along.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pas could not stay, but over him did
<i>rake</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. Sw. <i>raka</i> to
reach, and E. <i>reach</i>.] <def>The inclination of anything from a
perpendicular direction; as, the <i>rake</i> of a roof, a staircase,
etc.</def>; especially <i>(Naut.)</i>, <def>the inclination of a mast
or funnel, or, in general, of any part of a vessel not perpendicular
to the keel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To incline from a
perpendicular direction; as, a mast <i>rakes</i> aft.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Raking course</b></col> <i>(Bricklaying)</i>, <cd>a course
of bricks laid diagonally between the face courses in a thick wall, to
strengthen it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rakel</i> rash; cf.
Icel. <i>reikall</i> wandering, unsettled, <i>reika</i> to wander.]
<def>A loose, disorderly, vicious man; a person addicted to lewdness
and other scandalous vices; a debauchee; a rou&eacute;.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An illiterate and frivolous old
<i>rake</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [Icel.
<i>reika</i>.  Cf. <u>Rake</u> a debauchee.] <def>To walk about; to
gad or ramble idly.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <u>Rake</u> a debauchee.] <def>To act the
rake; to lead a dissolute, debauched life.</def>
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To rake out</b></col> <i>(Falconry)</i>, <cd>to fly too far
and wide from its master while hovering above waiting till the game is
sprung; -- said of the hawk.</cd>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rake"hell`</hw> (r&amacr;k"h&ebreve;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Rakel</u>.] <def>A lewd, dissolute fellow; a debauchee; a
rake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It seldom doth happen, in any way of life, that a
sluggard and a <i>rakehell</i> do not go together.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rake"hell`</hw>, <hw>Rake"hell`y</hw> (-&ybreve;), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dissolute; wild; lewd; rakish.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser. B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"kel</hw> (r&auml;"k&ebreve;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. See
<u>Rake</u> a debauchee.] <def>Hasty; reckless; rash.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <wf>Ra"kel*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rak"er</hw> (r&amacr;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
1st <u>Rake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which,
rakes</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A person who uses a
rake.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A machine for raking grain or hay
by horse or other power.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A gun so
placed as to rake an enemy's ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Gill rakers</i>,
under 1st <u>Gill</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rak"er*y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Debauchery; lewdness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rakery</i> and intrigues of the lewd
town.</blockquote> <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rake"shame`</hw> (r&amacr;k"sh&amacr;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. <u>Rakehell</u>, <u>Ragabash</u>.] <def>A vile, dissolute
wretch.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rake"stale`</hw> (-st&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Rake</i> the instrument + <i>stale</i> a handle.] <def>The handle
of a rake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That tale is not worth a <i>rakestele</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rake"-vein`</hw> (-v&amacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rake</u>, a mineral vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rak"ing</hw> (r&amacr;k"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of using a rake; the going
over a space with a rake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A space gone over with a rake; also, the
work done, or the quantity of hay, grain, etc., collected, by going
once over a space with a rake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rak"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dissolute; lewd;
debauched.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The arduous task of converting a <i>rakish</i>
lover.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rak"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Having a
saucy appearance indicative of speed and dash.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rak"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rakish
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rak"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being rakish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra"ku ware`</hw> (r&auml;"k&oomac; w&acirc;r`). <def>A kind
of earthenware made in Japan, resembling Satsuma ware, but having a
paler color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||R&acirc;le</hw> (r&auml;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&acirc;le</i>.  Cf. <u>Rail</u> the bird.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
adventitious sound, usually of morbid origin, accompanying the normal
respiratory sounds. See <u>Rhonchus</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Various kinds are distinguished by pathologists; differing
in intensity, as loud and small; in quality, as moist, dry, clicking,
whistling, and sonorous; and in origin, as tracheal, pulmonary, and
pleural.</p>

<p><hw>||Ral`len*tan"do</hw> (r&auml;l`l&ebreve;n*t&auml;n"d&osl;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Slackening; -- a
direction to perform a passage with a gradual decrease in time and
force; ritardando.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ral"li*ance</hw> (r&abreve;l"l&ibreve;*<i>a</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>raliance</i>. See <u>Rally</u> to
reunite.] <def>The act of rallying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ral"li*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rallies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ral"line</hw> (-l&imacr;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the rails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ral"ly</hw> (r&abreve;l"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rallied</u> (-l&ibreve;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rallying</u>.] [OF.
<i>ralier</i>, F. <i>rallier</i>, fr. L. pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>ad</i>
+ <i>ligare</i> to bind. See <u>Ra-</u>, and 1st <u>Ally</u>.] <def>To
collect, and reduce to order, as troops dispersed or thrown into
confusion; to gather again; to reunite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ral"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
come into orderly arrangement; to renew order, or united effort, as
troops scattered or put to flight; to assemble; to unite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Grecians <i>rally</i>, and their powers
unite.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Innumerable parts of matter chanced just then to
<i>rally</i> together, and to form themselves into this new
world.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To collect one's vital powers or forces; to
regain health or consciousness; to recuperate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To recover strength after a decline in
prices; -- said of the market, stocks, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ral"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rallies</b></plw> (-l&ibreve;z). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or process of rallying (in any of the senses of that
word).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A political mass meeting.</def> [Colloq. U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ral"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>railler</i>. See
<u>Rail</u> to scoff.] <def>To attack with raillery, either in good
humor and pleasantry, or with slight contempt or satire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Honeycomb . . . <i>rallies</i> me upon a country
life.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Strephon had long confessed his amorous pain,<BR>
Which gay Corinna <i>rallied</i> with disdain.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To banter; ridicule; satirize; deride; mock.</p>

<p><hw>Ral"ly</hw> (r&abreve;l"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To use pleasantry, or satirical merriment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ral"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Good-humored
raillery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ralph</hw> (r&abreve;lf), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name
sometimes given to the raven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ral"ston*ite</hw> (r&add;l"st&ubreve;n*&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after J. G. <i>Ralston</i> of
Norristown, Penn.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A fluoride of alumina and soda
occurring with the Greenland cryolite in octahedral
crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram</hw> (r&abreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ramm</i>,
<i>ram</i>; akin to OHG. &amp; D. <i>ram</i>, Prov. G. <i>ramm</i>, and
perh. to Icel. <i>ramr</i> strong.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The male of the sheep and allied animals.
In some parts of England a ram is called a <i>tup</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Aries,
the sign of the zodiac which the sun enters about the 21st of
March.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The constellation Aries, which
does not now, as formerly, occupy the sign of the same name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An engine of war used for butting or
battering.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In ancient
warfare, a long beam suspended by slings in a framework, and used for
battering the walls of cities; a battering-ram.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A heavy steel or iron beak attached to the
prow of a steam war vessel for piercing or cutting down the vessel of
an enemy; also, a vessel carrying such a beak.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A hydraulic ram. See under
<u>Hydraulic</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The weight which strikes the blow, in a
pile driver, steam hammer, stamp mill, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The plunger of a hydraulic press.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ram's horn</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Fort.)</i>
<cd>A low semicircular work situated in and commanding a ditch</cd>.
[Written also <i>ramshorn</i>.] <i>Farrow.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <cd>An ammonite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ram</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rammed</u> (r&abreve;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ramming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To butt or
strike against; to drive a ram against or through; to thrust or drive
with violence; to force in; to drive together; to cram; as, to
<i>ram</i> an enemy's vessel; to <i>ram</i> piles, cartridges,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] <i>rammed</i> me in with foul shirts, and
smocks, socks, foul stockings, greasy napkins.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill or compact by pounding or
driving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A ditch . . . was filled with some sound materials, and
<i>rammed</i> to make the foundation solid.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ram`a*dan"</hw> (r&abreve;m`&adot;*d&abreve;n"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>rama&dsdot;&amacr;n</i>, or
<i>ramaz&amacr;n</i>, properly, the hot month.] [Written also
<i>Ramadhan</i>, <i>Ramadzan</i>, and <i>Rhamadan</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The ninth Mohammedan month.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The great annual fast of the Mohammedans,
kept during daylight through the ninth month.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"age</hw> (r&abreve;m"&asl;j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. L. <i>ramus</i> a branch.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Boughs or branches.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Warbling of birds in trees.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra*mage"</hw> (r&adot;*m&amacr;j"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Wild; untamed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ra*ma"gi*ous</hw> (-m&amacr;"j&ibreve;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wild; not tame.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now is he tame that was so
<i>ramagious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Remedy of Love.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"mal</hw> (r&amacr;"m<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ramus</i> branch.] <def>Of or pertaining to a ramus, or branch;
rameal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra*ma"ya*na</hw> (r&auml;*m&auml;"y&adot;*n&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>R&amacr;m&amacr;ya&nsdot;a</i>.]
<def>The more ancient of the two great epic poems in Sanskrit. The
hero and heroine are Rama and his wife Sita.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"berge</hw> (r&abreve;m"b&etilde;rj), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., fr. <i>rame</i> oar + <i>barge</i> barge.] <def>Formerly, a kind
of large war galley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"ble</hw> (r&abreve;m"b'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rambled</u> (-b'ld); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rambling</u> (-bl&ibreve;ng).] [For
<i>rammle</i>, fr. Prov. E. <i>rame</i> to roam.  Cf. <u>Roam</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To walk, ride, or sail, from place to place,
without any determinate object in view; to roam carelessly or
irregularly; to rove; to wander; as, to <i>ramble</i> about the city;
to <i>ramble</i> over the world.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is at liberty to <i>ramble</i> in perfect
darkness, what is his liberty better than if driven up and down as a
bubble by the wind?</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To talk or write in a discursive, aimless
way.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To extend or grow at random.</def>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To rove; roam; wander; range; stroll.</p>

<p><hw>Ram"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
going or moving from place to place without any determinate business
or object; an excursion or stroll merely for recreation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Coming home, after a short Christmas
<i>ramble</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Rammel</u>.] <i>(Coal Mining)</i> <def>A
bed of shale over the seam.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ram"bler</hw> (-bl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rambles; a rover; a wanderer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"bling</hw> (-bl&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Roving; wandering; discursive; as, a <i>rambling</i> fellow,
talk, or building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"bling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rambling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"booze</hw> (-b&oomac;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
beverage made of wine, ale (or milk), sugar, etc.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ram*bu"tan</hw> (r&abreve;m*b&oomac;"t&abreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay <i>ramb&umacr;tan</i>, fr. <i>rambut</i>
hair of the head.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Malayan fruit produced by the
tree <i>Nephelium lappaceum</i>, and closely related to the litchi
nut. It is bright red, oval in shape, covered with coarse hairs
(whence the name), and contains a pleasant acid pulp. Called also
<i>ramboostan</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"me*al</hw> (r&amacr;"m&esl;*<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Ramal</u>.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"me*an</hw> (-<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Ramist.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ramed</hw> (r&abreve;md), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
frames, stem, and sternpost adjusted; -- said of a ship on the
stocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"ee</hw> (r&abreve;m"&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Ramie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"e*kin</hw> (r&abreve;m"&esl;*k&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Ramequin</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ram"ent</hw> (r&abreve;m"<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ramenta</i>, pl.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A scraping; a
shaving.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Ramenta.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra*men"ta</hw> (r&adot;*m&ebreve;n"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [L., scrapings.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Thin brownish chaffy
scales upon the leaves or young shoots of some plants, especially upon
the petioles and leaves of ferns.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1187 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>Ram`en*ta"ceous</hw>
(r&abreve;m`&ebreve;n*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Covered with ramenta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"me*ous</hw> (r&amacr;"m&esl;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rameus</i>, from <i>ramus</i> branch,
bough.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Ramal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"e*quin</hw> (r&abreve;m"&esl;*k&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A mixture of cheese,
eggs, etc., formed in a mold, or served on bread.</def> [Written also
<i>ramekin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ram"ie</hw> (r&abreve;m"&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
Malay.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The grass-cloth plant (<i>B&oelig;hmeria
nivea</i>); also, its fiber, which is very fine and exceedingly
strong; -- called also <i>China grass</i>, and <i>rhea</i>. See
<i>Grass-cloth plant</i>, under <u>Grass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram`i*fi*ca"tion</hw>
(r&abreve;m`&ibreve;*f&ibreve;*k&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ramification</i>. See <u>Ramify</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The process of branching, or the development
of branches or offshoots from a stem; also, the mode of their
arrangement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small branch or offshoot proceeding from
a main stock or channel; as, the <i>ramifications</i> of an artery,
vein, or nerve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A division into principal and subordinate
classes, heads, or departments; also, one of the subordinate parts;
as, the <i>ramifications</i> of a subject or scheme.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The production of branchlike figures.</def>
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ram`i*flo"rous</hw> (-fl&omacr;"r&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ramus</i> branch + <i>flos</i>,
<i>floris</i>, flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Flowering on the
branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"i*form</hw> (r&abreve;m"&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ramus</i> branch + <i>-form</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form of a branch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"i*fy</hw> (r&abreve;m"&ibreve;*f&imacr;), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ramified</u>
(r&abreve;m"&ibreve;*f&imacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ramifying</u> (r&abreve;m"&ibreve;*f&imacr;`&ibreve;ng).] [F.
<i>ramifier</i>, LL. <i>ramificare</i>, fr. L. <i>ramus</i> a branch +
<i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-fy</u>.] <def>To divide
into branches or subdivisions; as, to <i>ramify</i> an art, subject,
scheme.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"i*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To shoot, or divide, into branches or subdivisions, as the stem
of a plant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When they [asparagus plants] . . . begin to
<i>ramify</i>.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be divided or subdivided, as a main
subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*mig"er*ous</hw> (r&adot;*m&ibreve;j"&etilde;r*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ramus</i> a branch + <i>-gerous</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing branches; branched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*mip"a*rous</hw> (r&adot;*m&ibreve;p"&adot;*r&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ramus + parere</i> to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Producing branches; ramigerous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"mist</hw> (r&amacr;"m&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A follower of Pierre <i>Ram&eacute;</i>, better known as
<i>Ramus</i>, a celebrated French scholar, who was professor of
rhetoric and philosophy at Paris in the reign of Henry II., and
opposed the Aristotelians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"line</hw> (r&abreve;m"l&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A line used to get a straight middle line, as on a spar, or from
stem to stern in building a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"mel</hw> (r&abreve;m"m&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Refuse matter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Filled with any rubbish, <i>rammel</i> and broken
stones.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ram"mer</hw> (-m&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, rams or drives.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An instrument for driving anything with force; as, a
<i>rammer</i> for driving stones or piles, or for beating the earth to
more solidity</def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A rod for forcing down
the charge of a gun; a ramrod</def>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Founding)</i> <def>An implement for pounding the sand of a mold to
render it compact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"mish</hw> (-m&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
ram; hence, rank; lascivious.</def> "Their savor is so
<i>rammish</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ram"mish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being rammish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"my</hw> (-m&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a ram;
rammish.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ram`ol*les"cence</hw>
(r&abreve;m`&obreve;l*l&ebreve;s"s<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>ramollir</i> to make soft, to soften; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>amollir</i> to soften; <i>a</i> (L. <i>ad</i>) + <i>mollir</i> to
soften, L. <i>mollire</i>, fr. <i>mollis</i> soft.] <def>A softening
or mollifying.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ra*moon"</hw> (r&adot;*m&oomac;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small West Indian tree (<i>Trophis Americana</i>)
of the Mulberry family, whose leaves and twigs are used as fodder for
cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*mose"</hw> (r&adot;*m&omacr;s"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ramosus</i>, from <i>ramus</i> a branch.] <def>Branched, as the
stem or root of a plant; having lateral divisions; consisting of, or
having, branches; full of branches; ramifying; branching;
branchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"mous</hw> (r&amacr;"m&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ramose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ramp</hw> (r&abreve;mp), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ramped</u> (r&abreve;mt; 215); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Ramping</u>.] [F. <i>ramper</i> to creep, OF., to
climb; of German origin; cf. G. <i>raffen</i> to snatch, LG. &amp; D.
<i>rapen</i>. See <u>Rap</u> to snatch, and cf. <u>Romp</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To spring; to leap; to bound; to rear; to
prance; to become rampant; hence, to frolic; to romp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move by leaps, or as by leaps; hence, to
move swiftly or with violence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their bridles they would champ,<BR>
And trampling the fine element would fiercely
<i>ramp</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To climb, as a plant; to creep
up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With claspers and tendrils, they [plants] catch hold, .
. . and so <i>ramping</i> upon trees, they mount up to a great
height.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ramp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leap;
a spring; a hostile advance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bold Ascalonite<BR>
Fled from his lion <i>ramp</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A highwayman; a robber.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A romping woman; a prostitute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Lyly.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [F. <i>rampe</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any sloping member, other than a purely
constructional one, such as a continuous parapet to a staircase.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A short bend, slope, or curve, where a hand
rail or cap changes its direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [F. <i>rampe</i>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>An
inclined plane serving as a communication between different interior
levels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram*pa"cious</hw> (r&abreve;m*p&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>High-spirited; rampageous.</def> [Slang]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ramp"age</hw> (r&abreve;mp"&asl;j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Ramp</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Violent or riotous
behavior; a state of excitement, passion, or debauchery; as, to be on
the <i>rampage</i>.</def> [Prov. or Low]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ramp"age</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To leap or prance
about, as an animal; to be violent; to rage.</def> [Prov. or Low]</p>

<p><hw>Ram*pa"geous</hw> (r&abreve;m*p&amacr;"j&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by violence and passion;
unruly; rampant.</def> [Prov. or Low]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the primitive ages of a <i>rampageous</i>
antiquity.</blockquote> <i>Galt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ram*pal"lian</hw> (-p&abreve;l"y<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>ramp</i> a prostitute, or <i>rabble</i>.]
<def>A mean wretch.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ramp"an*cy</hw> (r&abreve;mp"<i>a</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being rampant;
excessive action or development; exuberance; extravagance.</def> "They
are come to this height and <i>rampancy</i> of vice."
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ramp"ant</hw> (r&abreve;mp"<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F., p. pr. of <i>ramper</i> to creep. See <u>Ramp</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ramping; leaping;
springing; rearing upon the hind legs; hence, raging;
furious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fierce lion in his kind<BR>
Which goeth <i>rampant</i> after his prey.</blockquote>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[The] lion . . . <i>rampant</i> shakes his brinded
mane.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ascending; climbing; rank in growth;
exuberant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rampant</i> stalk is of unusual
altitude.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Rising with fore paws in the
air as if attacking; -- said of a beast of prey, especially a lion.
The right fore leg and right hind leg should be raised higher than the
left.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rampant arch</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An arch
which has one abutment higher than the other</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Same as <i>Rampant vault</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Rampant
gardant</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>rampant, but with the face turned
to the front.</cd> -- <col><b>Rampant regardant</b></col>,
<cd>rampant, but looking backward.</cd> -- <col><b>Rampant
vault</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a continuous wagon vault, or
cradle vault, whose two abutments are located on an inclined plane,
such as the vault supporting a stairway, or forming the ceiling of a
stairway.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ramp"ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rampant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"part</hw> (r&abreve;m"p&auml;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>rempart</i>, OF. <i>rempar</i>, fr. <i>remparer</i> to fortify,
<i>se remparer</i> to fence or intrench one's self; pref. <i>re-</i>
re- + pref. <i>en-</i> (L. <i>in</i>) + <i>parer</i> to defend, parry,
prepare, L. <i>parare</i> to prepare. See <u>Pare</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which fortifies and defends from
assault; that which secures safety; a defense or bulwark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A broad embankment of earth
round a place, upon which the parapet is raised. It forms the
substratum of every permanent fortification.</def>  <i>Mahan.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bulwark; fence; security; guard.  -- <u>Rampart</u>,
<u>Bulwark</u>. These words were formerly interchanged; but in modern
usage a distinction has sprung up between them. The <i>rampart</i> of
a fortified place is the enceinte or entire main embankment or wall
which surrounds it. The term <i>bulwark</i> is now applied to
peculiarly strong outworks which project for the defense of the
<i>rampart</i>, or main work. A single bastion is a <i>bulwark</i>. In
using these words figuratively, <i>rampart</i> is properly applied to
that which protects by walling out; <i>bulwark</i> to that which
stands in the forefront of danger, to meet and repel it. Hence, we
speak of a distinguished individual as the <i>bulwark</i>, not the
<i>rampart</i>, of the state. This distinction, however, is often
disregarded.</p>

<p><hw>Ram"part</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ramparted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ramparting</u>.] <def>To surround or protect with, or as with, a
rampart or ramparts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those grassy hills, those glittering dells,<BR>
Proudly <i>ramparted</i> with rocks.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rampart gun</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>a cannon or large
gun for use on a rampart and not as a fieldpiece.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rampe</hw> (r&abreve;mp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [In allusion to
its supposed aphrodisiac qualities. See <u>Ramp</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The cuckoopint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"pier</hw> (r&abreve;m"p&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Rampart</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ram"pi*on</hw> (r&abreve;m"p&ibreve;*&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>raiponce</i>, Sp. <i>ruiponce</i>,
<i>reponche</i>, L. <i>raperonzo</i>, NL. <i>rapuntium</i>, fr. L.
<i>rapum</i>, <i>rapa</i>, a turnip, rape.  Cf. <u>Rape</u> a plant.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant (<i>Campanula Rapunculus</i>) of the
Bellflower family, with a tuberous esculent root; -- also called
<i>ramps</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is sometimes given to plants of the genus
<i>Phyteuma</i>, herbs of the Bellflower family, and to the American
evening primrose (<i>&OElig;nothera biennis</i>), which has run wild
in some parts of Europe.</p>

<p><hw>Ram"pire</hw> (-p&imacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
rampart.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Trojans round the place a <i>rampire</i>
cast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ram"pire</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fortify with a
rampire; to form into a rampire.</def> [Archaic] <i>Chapman.</i>
"<i>Rampired</i> walls of gold."  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ram"pler</hw> (r&abreve;m"pl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A rambler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"pler</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Roving;
rambling.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Ram"rod`</hw> (-r&obreve;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rod
used in ramming home the charge in a muzzle-loading firearm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"shac*kle</hw> (-sh&abreve;k*k'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Etymol. uncertain.] <def>Loose; disjointed; falling to pieces; out of
repair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There came . . . my lord the cardinal, in his
<i>ramshackle</i> coach.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ram"shac*kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To search or
ransack; to rummage.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ram"son</hw> (-z'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hramsan</i>,
pl., akin to G. <i>rams</i>, Sw. <i>rams</i>, <i>rams</i>l&ouml;k; cf.
Gr. <grk>kro`myon</grk> onion.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A broad-leaved
species of garlic (<i>Allium ursinum</i>), common in European gardens;
-- called also <i>buckram</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"sted</hw> (-st&ebreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A yellow-flowered weed; -- so named from a Mr.
Ramsted who introduced it into Pennsylvania. See <u>Toad flax</u>.
Called also <i>Ramsted weed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"u*lose`</hw> (-&usl;*l&omacr;s`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ramulosus</i>, fr. <i>ramulus</i>, dim. of <i>ramus</i> a branch.]
<i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Having many small branches, or
ramuli.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"u*lous</hw> (-l&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Nat.
Hist.)</i> <def>Ramulose.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ram"u*lus</hw> (-l&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Ramuli</b></plw> (-l&imacr;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small branch, or branchlet, of corals, hydroids, and similar
organisms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra"mus</hw> (r&amacr;"m&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Rami</b></plw> (-m&imacr;). <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>
<def>A branch; a projecting part or prominent process; a
ramification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*mus"cule</hw> (r&adot;*m&ubreve;s"k&usl;l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ramusculus</i>.] <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>
<def>A small ramus, or branch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran</hw> (r&abreve;n), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Run</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>r&amacr;n</i>.]
<def>Open robbery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lambarde.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Yarns coiled
on a spun-yarn winch.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra"na</hw> (r&amacr;"n&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
frog.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of anurous batrachians,
including the common frogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"nal</hw> (r&amacr;"n<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a general affinity to ranunculaceous
plants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ranal alliance</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name proposed
by Lindley for a group of natural orders, including
Ranunculace&aelig;, Magnoliace&aelig;, Papaverace&aelig;, and others
related to them.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rance</hw> (r&abreve;ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prop or shore.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A round between the legs of a
chair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran*ces"cent</hw> (r&abreve;n*s&ebreve;s"s<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rancescens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>rancescere</i>, v. incho. from <i>rancere</i> to be rancid.]
<def>Becoming rancid or sour.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ranch</hw> (r&abreve;nch), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Written
also <i>raunch</i>.] [Cf. <u>Wrench</u>.] <def>To wrench; to tear; to
sprain; to injure by violent straining or contortion.</def> [R.]
<i>Dryden.</i> "Hasting to <i>raunch</i> the arrow out."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ranch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rancho</u>.] <def>A
tract of land used for grazing and the rearing of horses, cattle, or
sheep. See <u>Rancho</u>, 2.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ran*che"ro</hw> (r&abreve;n*ch&amacr;"r&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Rancheros</b></plw> (-
r&omacr;z). [Sp.] [Mexico &amp; Western U. S.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
herdsman; a peasant employed on a ranch or rancho.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The owner and occupant of a ranch or
rancho.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ranch"man</hw> (r&abreve;nch"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Ranchmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>An owner or
occupant of, or laborer on, a ranch; a herdsman.</def> [Western U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ran"cho</hw> (r&abreve;n"ch&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Ranchos</b></plw> (-ch&omacr;z). [Sp., properly, a
mess, mess room.  Cf. 2d <u>Ranch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rude
hut, as of posts, covered with branches or thatch, where herdsmen or
farm laborers may live or lodge at night.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large grazing farm where horses and
cattle are raised; -- distinguished from <i>hacienda</i>, a cultivated
farm or plantation.</def> [Mexico &amp; California]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran"cid</hw> (r&abreve;n"s&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rancidus</i>, fr. <i>rancere</i> to be rancid or rank.] <def>Having
a rank smell or taste, from chemical change or decomposition; musty;
as, <i>rancid</i> oil or butter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran*cid"i*ty</hw> (r&abreve;n*s&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>rancidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being rancid; a rancid scent or flavor, as of old
oil.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran"cid*ly</hw> (r&abreve;n"s&ibreve;d*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rancid manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran"cid*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being rancid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran"cor</hw> (r&abreve;&nsm;"k&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Written also <i>rancour</i>.] [OE. <i>rancour</i>, OF. <i>rancor</i>,
<i>rancur</i>, F. <i>rancune</i>, fr. L. <i>rancor</i> rancidity,
rankness; tropically, an old grudge, rancor, fr. <i>rancere</i> to be
rank or rancid.] <def>The deepest malignity or spite; deep-seated
enmity or malice; inveterate hatred.</def> "To stint <i>rancour</i>
and dissencioun."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It would not be easy to conceive the passion,
<i>rancor</i>, and malice of their tongues and hearts.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Enmity; hatred; ill will; malice; spite; grudge;
animosity; malignity.  -- <u>Rancor</u>, <u>Enmity</u>. <i>Enmity</i>
and <i>rancor</i> both describe hostile feelings; but <i>enmity</i>
may be generous and open, while <i>rancor</i> implies personal malice
of the worst and most enduring nature, and is the strongest word in
our language to express hostile feelings.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rancor</i> will out; proud prelate, in thy face<BR>
I see thy fury.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rancor</i> is that degree of malice which preys upon
the possessor.</blockquote> <i>Cogan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran"cor*ous</hw> (-&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>rancuros</i>.] <def>Full of rancor; evincing, or caused by, rancor;
deeply malignant; implacably spiteful or malicious; intensely
virulent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So flamed his eyes with rage and <i>rancorous</i>
ire.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran"cor*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rancorous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rand</hw> (r&abreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>rand</i>,
<i>rond</i>; akin to D., Dan., Sw., &amp; G. <i>rand</i>, Icel.
<i>r&ouml;nd</i>, and probably to E. <i>rind</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A border; edge; margin.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A long, fleshy piece, as of beef, cut from
the flank or leg; a sort of steak.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thin inner sole for a shoe; also, a
leveling slip of leather applied to the sole before attaching the
heel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rand</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Rant</u>.] <def>To
rant; to storm.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I wept, . . . and raved, and <i>randed</i>, and
railed.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran"dall grass`</hw> (r&abreve;n"d<i>a</i>l gr&adot;s`).
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The meadow fescue (<i>Festuca elatior</i>). See
under <u>Grass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran"dan</hw> (-d&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
product of a second sifting of meal; the finest part of the
bran.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ran"dan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boat propelled by
three rowers with four oars, the middle rower pulling two.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rand"ing</hw> (r&abreve;nd"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Shoemaking)</i> <def>The act or process of
making and applying rands for shoes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A kind of basket work used in
gabions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran"dom</hw> (r&abreve;n"d&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>randon</i>, OF. <i>randon</i> force, violence, rapidity, &agrave;
<i>randon</i>, de <i>randon</i>, violently, suddenly, rapidly, prob.
of German origin; cf. G. <i>rand</i> edge, border, OHG. <i>rant</i>
shield, edge of a shield, akin to E. <i>rand</i>, n.  See <u>Rand</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Force; violence.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For courageously the two kings newly fought with great
<i>random</i> and force.</blockquote> <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A roving motion; course without definite
direction; want of direction, rule, or method; hazard; chance; --
commonly used in the phrase <i>at random</i>, that is, without a
settled point of direction; at hazard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Counsels, when they fly<BR>
<i>At random</i>, sometimes hit most happily.</blockquote>
<i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, many a shaft, <i>at random</i> sent,<BR>
Finds mark the archer little meant!</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Distance to which a missile is cast; range;
reach; as, the <i>random</i> of a rifle ball.</def>  <i>Sir K.
Digby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The direction of a rake-
vein.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran"dom</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going at random or by
chance; done or made at hazard, or without settled direction, aim, or
purpose; hazarded without previous calculation; left to chance;
haphazard; as, a <i>random</i> guess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>random</i> truths he can impart.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So sharp a spur to the lazy, and so strong a bridle to
the <i>random</i>.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Random courses</b></col> <i>(Masonry)</i>, <cd>courses of
stone of unequal thickness.</cd> -- <col><b>Random shot</b></col>,
<cd>a shot not directed or aimed toward any particular object, or a
shot with the muzzle of the gun much elevated.</cd> -- <col><b>Random
work</b></col> <i>(Masonry)</i>, <cd>stonework consisting of stones of
unequal sizes fitted together, but not in courses nor always with flat
beds.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1188 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>Ran"dom*ly</hw> (r&abreve;n"d&ubreve;m*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a random manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran"don</hw> (-d&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Random.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran"don</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go or stray at
random.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rane"deer`</hw> (r&amacr;n"d&emacr;r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Reindeer</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ra"nee</hw> (r&auml;"n&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Rani</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran"force`</hw> (r&abreve;n"f&omacr;rs`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>renforcer</i>.] <def>See <u>Re&euml;nforce</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rang</hw> (r&abreve;ng), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Ring</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Range</hw> (r&amacr;nj), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ranged</u> (r&amacr;njd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ranging</u> (r&amacr;n"j&ibreve;ng).] [OE.
<i>rengen</i>, OF. <i>rengier</i>, F. <i>ranger</i>, OF. <i>renc</i>
row, rank, F. <i>rang</i>; of German origin. See <u>Rank</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set in a row, or in
rows; to place in a regular line or lines, or in ranks; to dispose in
the proper order; to rank; as, to <i>range</i> soldiers in
line.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Maccabeus <i>ranged</i> his army by bands.</blockquote>
<i>2 Macc. xii. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place (as a single individual) among
others in a line, row, or order, as in the ranks of an army; --
usually, reflexively and figuratively, (in the sense) to espouse a
cause, to join a party, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It would be absurd in me to <i>range</i> myself on the
side of the Duke of Bedford and the corresponding
society.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To separate into parts; to sift.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dispose in a classified or in systematic
order; to arrange regularly; as, to <i>range</i> plants and animals in
genera and species.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To rove over or through; as, to
<i>range</i> the fields.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Teach him to <i>range</i> the ditch, and force the
brake.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To sail or pass in a direction parallel to
or near; as, to <i>range</i> the coast.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Compare the last two senses (5 and 6) with the French
<i>ranger</i> une c&ocirc;te.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To be native to, or to live
in; to frequent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Range</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
rove at large; to wander without restraint or direction; to
roam.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a <i>ranging</i> spaniel that barks at every bird
he sees.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have range; to change or differ within
limits; to be capable of projecting, or to admit of being projected,
especially as to horizontal distance; as, the temperature
<i>ranged</i> through seventy degrees Fahrenheit; the gun
<i>ranges</i> three miles; the shot <i>ranged</i> four
miles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be placed in order; to be ranked; to
admit of arrangement or classification; to rank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>range</i> with humble livers in
content.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have a certain direction; to correspond
in direction; to be or keep in a corresponding line; to trend or run;
-- often followed by <i>with</i>; as, the front of a house
<i>ranges</i> with the street; to <i>range</i> along the
coast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which way the forests <i>range</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To be native to, or live in,
a certain district or region; as, the peba <i>ranges</i> from Texas to
Paraguay.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To rove; roam; ramble; wander; stroll.</p>

<p><hw>Range</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Range</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>: cf. F. <i>rang&eacute;e</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A series of things in a line; a row; a rank; as, a <i>range</i>
of buildings; a <i>range</i> of mountains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An aggregate of individuals in one rank or
degree; an order; a class.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The next <i>range</i> of beings above him are the
immaterial intelligences.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The step of a ladder; a rung.</def>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kitchen grate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was bid at his first coming to take off the
<i>range</i>, and let down the cinders.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An extended cooking apparatus of cast iron,
set in brickwork, and affording conveniences for various ways of
cooking; also, a kind of cooking stove.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A bolting sieve to sift meal.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A wandering or roving; a going to and fro;
an excursion; a ramble; an expedition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He may take a <i>range</i> all the world
over.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>That which may be ranged over; place or
room for excursion; especially, a region of country in which cattle or
sheep may wander and pasture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Extent or space taken in by anything
excursive; compass or extent of excursion; reach; scope; discursive
power; as, the <i>range</i> of one's voice, or authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Far as creation's ample <i>range</i>
extends.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>range</i> and compass of Hammond's knowledge
filled the whole circle of the arts.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man has not enough <i>range</i> of
thought.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The region within which a
plant or animal naturally lives.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
horizontal distance to which a shot or other projectile is
carried.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sometimes, less properly, the
trajectory of a shot or projectile.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
place where shooting, as with cannons or rifles, is
practiced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>In the public land system of the United
States, a row or line of townships lying between two successive
meridian lines six miles apart.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The meridians included in each great survey are numbered in
order east and west from the "principal meridian" of that survey, and
the townships in the range are numbered north and south from the "base
line," which runs east and west; as, township No. 6, N., <i>range</i>
7, W., from the fifth principal meridian.</p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <i>Range of cable</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Range of accommodation</b></col> <i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>the
distance between the near point and the far point of distinct vision,
-- usually measured and designated by the strength of the lens which
if added to the refracting media of the eye would cause the rays from
the near point to appear as if they came from the far point.</cd> --
<col><b>Range finder</b></col> <i>(Gunnery)</i>, <cd>an instrument, or
apparatus, variously constructed, for ascertaining the distance of an
inaccessible object, -- used to determine what elevation must be given
to a gun in order to hit the object; a position finder.</cd> --
<col><b>Range of cable</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a certain length
of slack cable ranged along the deck preparatory to letting go the
anchor.</cd> -- <col><b>Range work</b></col> <i>(Masonry)</i>,
<cd>masonry of squared stones laid in courses each of which is of even
height throughout the length of the wall; -- distinguished from
<i>broken range work</i>, which consists of squared stones laid in
courses not continuously of even height.</cd> -- <col><b>To get the
range of</b></col> (an object) <i>(Gun.)</i>, <cd>to find the angle at
which the piece must be raised to reach (the object) without carrying
beyond.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Range"ment</hw> (r&amacr;nj"m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>rangement</i>.] <def>Arrangement.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran"ger</hw> (r&amacr;n"j&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who ranges; a rover; sometimes, one who
ranges for plunder; a roving robber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which separates or arranges;
specifically, a sieve.</def> [Obs.] "The tamis <i>ranger</i>."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dog that beats the ground in search of
game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of a body of mounted troops, formerly
armed with short muskets, who range over the country, and often fight
on foot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The keeper of a public park or forest;
formerly, a sworn officer of a forest, appointed by the king's letters
patent, whose business was to walk through the forest, recover beasts
that had strayed beyond its limits, watch the deer, present trespasses
to the next court held for the forest, etc.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ran"ger*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of the
keeper of a forest or park.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ran"gle</hw> (r&abreve;n"g'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
range about in an irregular manner.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ra"ni</hw> (r&auml;"n&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>r&amacr;n&imacr;</i>, Skr. <i>r&amacr;jn&imacr;</i>. See
<u>Rajah</u>.] <def>A queen or princess; the wife of a rajah.</def>
[Written also <i>ranee</i>.] [India]</p>

<p><hw>Ra"nine</hw> (r&amacr;"n&imacr;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rana</i> a frog.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the frogs and toads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, a swelling under the tongue; also, pertaining to the
region where the swelling occurs; -- applied especially to branches of
the lingual artery and lingual vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rank</hw> (r&abreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Ranker</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Rankest</u>.] [AS. <i>ranc</i> strong,
proud; cf. D. <i>rank</i> slender, Dan. <i>rank</i> upright, erect,
Prov. G. <i>rank</i> slender, Icel. <i>rakkr</i> slender, bold. The
meaning seems to have been influenced by L. <i>rancidus</i>, E.
<i>rancid</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Luxuriant in growth; of
vigorous growth; exuberant; grown to immoderate height; as,
<i>rank</i> grass; <i>rank</i> weeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And, behold, seven ears of corn came up upon one stalk,
<i>rank</i> and good.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xli. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Raised to a high degree; violent; extreme;
gross; utter; as, <i>rank</i> heresy.</def> "<i>Rank</i> nonsense."
<i>Hare.</i> "I do forgive thy <i>rankest</i> fault." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Causing vigorous growth; producing
luxuriantly; very rich and fertile; as, <i>rank</i> land.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Strong-scented; rancid; musty; as, oil of a
<i>rank</i> smell; <i>rank</i>-smelling rue.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Strong to the taste.</def> "Divers sea
fowls taste <i>rank</i> of the fish on which they feed."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Inflamed with venereal appetite.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rank modus</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an excessive and
unreasonable modus. See <u>Modus</u>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>To
set</b></col> (the iron of a plane, etc.) <col><b>rank</b></col>,
<cd>to set so as to take off a thick shaving.</cd> <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rank</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Rankly; stoutly;
violently.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That rides so <i>rank</i> and bends his lance so
fell.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>renk</i>, <i>reng</i>,
OF. <i>renc</i>, F. <i>rang</i>, fr. OHG. <i>hring</i> a circle, a
circular row, G. <i>ring</i>. See <u>Ring</u>, and cf. <u>Range</u>,
<pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A row or line; a
range; an order; a tier; as, a <i>rank</i> of osiers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many a mountain nigh<BR>
Rising in lofty <i>ranks</i>, and loftier still.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A line of soldiers ranged
side by side; -- opposed to <i>file</i>. See 1st <u>File</u>, 1
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fierce, fiery warriors fought upon the clouds,<BR>
In <i>ranks</i> and squadrons and right form of war.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Grade of official standing, as in the army,
navy, or nobility; as, the <i>rank</i> of general; the <i>rank</i> of
admiral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An aggregate of individuals classed
together; a permanent social class; an order; a division; as,
<i>ranks</i> and orders of men; the highest and the lowest
<i>ranks</i> of men, or of other intelligent beings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Degree of dignity, eminence, or excellence;
position in civil or social life; station; degree; grade; as, a writer
of the first <i>rank</i>; a lawyer of high <i>rank</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These all are virtues of a meaner
<i>rank</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Elevated grade or standing; high degree;
high social position; distinction; eminence; as, a man of
<i>rank</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rank and file</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<cd>The whole body of common soldiers, including also corporals. In a
more extended sense, it includes sergeants also, excepting the
noncommissioned staff.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See under 1st
<u>File</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>The ranks</b></col>, <cd>the order or
grade of common soldiers; as, to reduce a noncommissioned officer to
<i>the ranks</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To fill the ranks</b></col>, <cd>to
supply the whole number, or a competent number.</cd> -- <col><b>To
take rank of</b></col>, <cd>to have precedence over, or to have the
right of taking a higher place than.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rank</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ranked</u> (r&abreve;&nsm;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ranking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place
abreast, or in a line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To range in a particular class, order, or
division; to class; also, to dispose methodically; to place in
suitable classes or order; to classify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ranking</i> all things under general and special
heads.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Poets were <i>ranked</i> in the class of
philosophers.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Heresy is <i>ranked</i> with idolatry and
witchcraft.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take rank of; to outrank.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Rank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be ranged; to be set or disposed, as in a particular degree, class,
order, or division.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let that one article <i>rank</i> with the
rest.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a certain grade or degree of
elevation in the orders of civil or military life; to have a certain
degree of esteem or consideration; as, he <i>ranks</i> with the first
class of poets; he <i>ranks</i> high in public estimation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rank"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ranks, or disposes in ranks; one who arranges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran"kle</hw> (r&abreve;&nsm;"k'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rankled</u> (-k'ld); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rankling</u> (-kl&ibreve;ng).] [From
<u>Rank</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become,
or be, rank; to grow rank or strong; to be inflamed; to fester; --
used literally and figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A malady that burns and <i>rankles</i>
inward.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This would have left a <i>rankling</i> wound in the
hearts of the people.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce a festering or inflamed effect;
to cause a sore; -- used literally and figuratively; as, a splinter
<i>rankles</i> in the flesh; the words <i>rankled</i> in his
bosom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran"kle</hw> (r&abreve;&nsm;"k'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To cause to fester; to make sore; to inflame.</def> [R.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rank"ly</hw> (r&abreve;&nsm;k"l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With rank or vigorous growth; luxuriantly;
hence, coarsely; grossly; as, weeds grow <i>rankly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rank"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>rancness</i>
pride.] <def>The condition or quality of being rank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran"nel</hw> (r&abreve;n"n&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A prostitute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ran"ny</hw> (-n&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>araneus
mus</i>, a kind of small mouse.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The erd
shrew.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Ran"sack</hw> (-s&abreve;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ransacked</u> (-s&abreve;kt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Ransacking</u>.] [OE.
<i>ransaken</i>, Icel. <i>rannsaka</i> to explore, examine;
<i>rann</i> a house (akin to Goth. <i>razn</i> house, AS.
<i>r&aelig;sn</i> plank, beam) + the root of <i>s&aelig;kja</i> to
seek, akin to E. <i>seek</i>. See <u>Seek</u>, and cf. <u>Rest</u>
repose.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To search thoroughly; to search every
place or part of; as, to <i>ransack</i> a house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>ransack</i> every corner of their . . .
hearts.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To plunder; to pillage
completely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their vow is made<BR>
To <i>ransack</i> Troy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To violate; to ravish; to defiour.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rich spoil of <i>ransacked</i> chastity.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran"sack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a thorough
search.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>ransack</i> in the tas [heap] of bodies
dead.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran"sack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of ransacking,
or state of being ransacked; pillage.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Even your father's house<BR>
Shall not be free from <i>ransack</i>.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran"som</hw> (r&abreve;n"s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>raunson</i>, <i>raunsoun</i>, OF. <i>ran&ccedil;on</i>,
<i>raen&ccedil;on</i>, <i>raan&ccedil;on</i>, F. <i>ran&ccedil;on</i>,
fr. L. <i>redemptio</i>, fr. <i>redimere</i> to redeem. See
<u>Redeem</u>, and cf. <u>Redemption</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
release of a captive, or of captured property, by payment of a
consideration; redemption; as, prisoners hopeless of
<i>ransom</i>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The money or price paid for the redemption
of a prisoner, or for goods captured by an enemy; payment for freedom
from restraint, penalty, or forfeit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>ransom</i> paid, which man from death
redeems.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His captivity in Austria, and the heavy <i>ransom</i>
he paid for his liberty.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A sum paid for the
pardon of some great offense and the discharge of the offender; also,
a fine paid in lieu of corporal punishment.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ransom bill</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a war contract,
valid by the law of nations, for the ransom of property captured at
sea and its safe conduct into port.</cd>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran"som</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ransomed</u> (-s&ubreve;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ransoming</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>ran&ccedil;onner</i>. See
<u>Ransom</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To redeem
from captivity, servitude, punishment, or forfeit, by paying a price;
to buy out of servitude or penalty; to rescue; to deliver; as, to
<i>ransom</i> prisoners from an enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exact a ransom for, or a payment
on.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such lands as he had rule of he <i>ransomed</i> them so
grievously, and would tax the men two or three times in a
year.</blockquote> <i>Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ran"som*a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Such as can be ransomed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran"som*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ransoms or redeems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ran"som*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of being
ransomed; without ransom.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rant</hw> (r&abreve;nt), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ranted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ranting</u>.] [OD. <i>ranten</i>, <i>randen</i>, to dote, to be
enraged.] <def>To rave in violent, high-sounding, or extravagant
language, without dignity of thought; to be noisy, boisterous, and
bombastic in talk or declamation; as, a <i>ranting</i>
preacher.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look where my <i>ranting</i> host of the Garter
comes!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>High-sounding language,
without importance or dignity of thought; boisterous, empty
declamation; bombast; as, the <i>rant</i> of fanatics.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is a stoical <i>rant</i>, without any foundation
in the nature of man or reason of things.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rant"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A noisy talker; a raving declaimer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One of a religious sect which sprung up in 1645; -- called also
<i>Seekers</i>. See <u>Seeker</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One
of the Primitive Methodists, who seceded from the Wesleyan Methodists
on the ground of their deficiency in fervor and zeal; -- so called in
contempt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rant"er*ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>The practice or tenets of the Ranters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rant"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a ranting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rant"i*pole</hw> (-&ibreve;*p&omacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Ranty</i> + <i>pole</i>, <i>poll</i>, head.] <def>A wild, romping
young person.</def> [Low]  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rant"i*pole</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wild; roving;
rakish.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Rant"i*pole</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act like a
rantipole.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><blockquote>She used to <i>rantipole</i> about the
house.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rant"ism</hw> (-&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>Ranterism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rant"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wild; noisy;
boisterous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ran"u*la</hw> (r&abreve;n"&usl;*l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a little frog, a little swelling on the
tongue of cattle, dim. of <i>rana</i> a frog.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
cyst formed under the tongue by obstruction of the duct of the
submaxillary gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*nun`cu*la"ceous</hw>
(r&adot;*n&ubreve;&nsm;`k&usl;*l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ranunculus</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a natural order of plants (<i>Ranunculace&aelig;</i>),
of which the buttercup is the type, and which includes also the
virgin's bower, the monkshood, larkspur, anemone, meadow rue, and
peony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*nun"cu*lus</hw> (r&adot;*n&ubreve;&nsm;"k&usl;*l&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Ranunculuses</b></plw> (-
&ebreve;z), L. <plw><b>Ranunculi</b></plw> (-l&imacr;). [L., a little
frog, a medicinal plant, perhaps crowfoot, dim. of <i>rana</i> a frog;
cf. <i>raccare</i> to roar.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of herbs,
mostly with yellow flowers, including crowfoot, buttercups, and the
cultivated ranunculi (<i>R. Asiaticus</i>, <i>R. aconitifolius</i>,
etc.) in which the flowers are double and of various colors.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1189 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>||Ranz" des` vaches"</hw> (r&auml;Ns" d&asl;` v&adot;sh"). [F.,
the ranks or rows of cows, the name being given from the fact that the
cattle, when answering the musical call of their keeper, move towards
him in a row, preceded by those wearing bells.] <def>The name for
numerous simple, but very irregular, melodies of the Swiss
mountaineers, blown on a long tube called the <i>Alpine horn</i>, and
sometimes sung.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap</hw> (r&abreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <def>A lay or skein containing 120 yards of yarn.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rapped</u> (r&abreve;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rapping</u>.] [Akin to Sw. <i>rappa</i> to strike,
<i>rapp</i> stroke, Dan. <i>rap</i>, perhaps of imitative origin.]
<def>To strike with a quick, sharp blow; to knock; as, to <i>rap</i>
on the door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strike with a quick blow; to knock on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With one great peal they <i>rap</i> the
door.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>To free (a pattern) in a
mold by light blows on the pattern, so as to facilitate its
removal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quick, smart blow; a
knock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rapped</u> (r&abreve;pt), usually written <u>Rapt</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rapping</u>.] [OE. <i>rapen</i>;
akin to LG. &amp; D. <i>rapen</i> to snatch, G. <i>raffen</i>, Sw.
<i>rappa</i>; cf. Dan. <i>rappe sig</i> to make haste, and Icel.
<i>hrapa</i> to fall, to rush, hurry. The word has been confused with
L. <i>rapere</i> to seize.  Cf. <u>Rape</u> robbery, <u>Rapture</u>,
<u>Raff</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Ramp</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To snatch away; to seize and hurry
off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And through the Greeks and Ilians they <i>rapt</i><BR>
The whirring chariot.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From Oxford I was <i>rapt</i> by my nephew, Sir Edmund
Bacon, to Redgrove.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hasten.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To seize and bear away, as the mind or
thoughts; to transport out of one's self; to affect with ecstasy or
rapture; as, <i>rapt</i> into admiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'm <i>rapt</i> with joy to see my Marcia's
tears.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rapt</i> into future times, the bard
begun.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To exchange; to truck.</def> [Obs. &
Low]</p>

<p><col><b>To rap and ren</b></col>, <col><b>To rap and
rend</b></col>. [Perhaps fr. Icel. <i>hrapa</i> to hurry and
<i>r&aelig;na</i> plunder, fr. <i>r&amacr;n</i> plunder, E.
<i>ran</i>.] <cd>To seize and plunder; to snatch by violence.</cd>
<i>Dryden.</i> "[Ye] waste all that ye may <i>rape and renne</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All they could <i>rap and rend</i> and
pilfer.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To rap out</b></col>, <cd>to utter with sudden violence,
as an oath.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>A judge who <i>rapped out</i> a great
oath.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps contr. fr.
<i>raparee</i>.] <def>A popular name for any of the tokens that passed
current for a half-penny in Ireland in the early part of the
eighteenth century; any coin of trifling value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many counterfeits passed about under the name of
<i>raps</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tie it [her money] up so tight that you can't touch a
<i>rap</i>, save with her consent.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Alexander.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Not to care a rap</b></col>, <cd>to care nothing.</cd> --
<col><b>Not worth a rap</b></col>, <cd>worth nothing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ra*pa"ces</hw> (r&adot;*p&amacr;"s&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Rapacious</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Accipitres</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*pa"cious</hw> (-sh&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rapax</i>, <i>-acis</i>, from <i>rapere</i> to seize and carry off,
to snatch away. See <u>Rapid</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Given to plunder; disposed or accustomed to
seize by violence; seizing by force.</def> " The downfall of the
<i>rapacious</i> and licentious Knights Templar."  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accustomed to seize food; subsisting on
prey, or animals seized by violence; as, a tiger is a <i>rapacious</i>
animal; a <i>rapacious</i> bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Avaricious; grasping; extortionate; also,
greedy; ravenous; voracious; as, <i>rapacious</i> usurers; a
<i>rapacious</i> appetite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Thy Lord] redeem thee quite from Death's
<i>rapacious</i> claim</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Greedy; grasping; ravenous; voracious.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ra*pa"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ra*pa"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ra*pac"i*ty</hw> (r&adot;*p&abreve;s"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rapacitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>rapacit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Rapacious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being rapacious; rapaciousness; ravenousness; as,
the <i>rapacity</i> of pirates; the <i>rapacity</i> of
wolves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of extorting or
exacting by oppressive injustice; exorbitant greediness of gain.</def>
"The <i>rapacity</i> of some ages."  <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rap`a*ree"</hw> (r&abreve;p`&adot;*r&emacr;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Rapparee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rape</hw> (r&amacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&acirc;pe</i> a grape stalk.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fruit, as
grapes, plucked from the cluster.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The refuse stems and skins of grapes or
raisins from which the must has been expressed in wine
making.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A filter containing the above refuse, used
in clarifying and perfecting malt, vinegar, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rape wine</b></col>, <cd>a poor, thin wine made from the
last dregs of pressed grapes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rape</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to <i>rap</i> to snatch,
but confused with L. <i>rapere</i>. See <u>Rap</u> to snatch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of seizing and carrying away by force;
violent seizure; robbery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And ruined orphans of thy <i>rapes</i>
complain.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Sexual connection with a woman
without her consent. See <i>Age of consent</i>, under <u>Consent</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is snatched away.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where now are all my hopes? O, never more<BR>
Shall they revive! nor death her <i>rapes</i> restore.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Movement, as in snatching; haste;
hurry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rape</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To commit rape upon; to
ravish.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To rape and ren</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Rap</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, to snatch.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rape</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rob; to
pillage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rape</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>hreppr</i> village,
district; cf. Icel. <i>hreppa</i> to catch, obtain, AS.
<i>hrepian</i>, <i>hreppan</i>, to touch.] <def>One of six divisions
of the county of Sussex, England, intermediate between a hundred and a
shire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rape</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rapa</i>, <i>rapum</i>,
akin to Gr. <grk>"ra`pys</grk>, <grk>"ra`fys</grk>, G.
<i>r&uuml;be</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to a variety or to
varieties of a plant of the turnip kind, grown for seeds and herbage.
The seeds are used for the production of rape oil, and to a limited
extent for the food of cage birds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; These plants, with the edible turnip, have been variously
named, but are all now believed to be derived from the <i>Brassica
campestris</i> of Europe, which by some is not considered distinct
from the wild stock (<i>B. oleracea</i>) of the cabbage. See
<u>Cole</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Broom rape</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Broom
rape</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Rape cake</b></col>,
<cd>the refuse remaining after the oil has been expressed from the
rape seed.</cd> -- <col><b>Rape root</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<u>Rape</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer rape</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Colza</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rape"ful</hw> (r&amacr;p"f&usd;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Violent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to the commission of rape.</def>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rap"ful*ly</hw> (r&abreve;p"f&usd;l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Violently.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Raph`a*el*esque"</hw>
(r&abreve;f`&adot;*&ebreve;l*&ebreve;sk"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like Raphael's works; in Raphael's manner of painting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raph"a*el*ism</hw> (r&abreve;f"&adot;*&ebreve;l*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The principles of painting introduced by
Raphael, the Italian painter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raph"a*el*ite</hw> (-&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who advocates or adopts the principles of Raphaelism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raph"a*ny</hw> (r&abreve;f"&adot;*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>raphanie</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
convulsive disease, attended with ravenous hunger, not uncommon in
Sweden and Germany. It was so called because supposed to be caused by
eating corn with which seeds of jointed charlock (<i>Raphanus
raphanistrum</i>) had been mixed, but the condition is now known to be
a form of ergotism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"phe</hw> (r&amacr;"f&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"rafh`</grk> a seam or suture, fr. <grk>"ra`ptein</grk> to
sew or stitch together.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
line, ridge, furrow, or band of fibers, especially in the median line;
as, the <i>raphe</i> of the tongue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Rhaphe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Raph"i*des</hw> (r&abreve;f"&ibreve;*d&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [F. <i>raphide</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Rhaphides</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap"id</hw> (r&abreve;p"&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rapidus</i>, fr. <i>rapere</i> to seize and carry off, to snatch or
hurry away; perhaps akin to Gr. <grk>'arpa`zein</grk>: cf. F.
<i>rapide</i>.  Cf. <u>Harpy</u>, <u>Ravish</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very swift or quick; moving with celerity;
fast; as, a <i>rapid</i> stream; a <i>rapid</i> flight; a <i>rapid</i>
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ascend my chariot; guide the <i>rapid</i>
wheels.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Advancing with haste or speed; speedy in
progression; in quick sequence; as, <i>rapid</i> growth; <i>rapid</i>
improvement; <i>rapid</i> recurrence; <i>rapid</i>
succession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Quick in execution; as, a <i>rapid</i>
penman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap"id</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>rapide</i>. See
<u>Rapid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The part of a river where the
current moves with great swiftness, but without actual waterfall or
cascade; -- usually in the plural; as, the Lachine <i>rapids</i> in
the St. Lawrence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Row, brothers, row, the stream runs fast,<BR>
The <i>rapids</i> are near, and the daylight's past.</blockquote>
<i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra*pid"i*ty</hw> (r&adot;*p&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rapiditas</i>: cf. F.
<i>rapidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being rapid;
swiftness; celerity; velocity; as, the <i>rapidity</i> of a current;
<i>rapidity</i> of speech; <i>rapidity</i> of growth or
improvement.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rapidness; haste; speed; celerity; velocity;
swiftness; fleetness; quickness; agility.</p>

<p><hw>Rap"id*ly</hw> (r&abreve;p"&ibreve;d*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rapid manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
rapid; rapidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"pi*er</hw> (r&amacr;"p&ibreve;*&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rapi&egrave;re</i>, perhaps for
<i>raspi&egrave;re</i>, and ultimately of German origin, akin to E.
<i>rasp</i>, v.] <def>A straight sword, with a narrow and finely
pointed blade, used only for thrusting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rapier fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
swordfish.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"pi*ered</hw> (-&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Wearing a rapier.</def> "Scarletcoated, <i>rapiered</i> figures."
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ra*pil"li</hw> (r&adot;*p&ibreve;l"l&esl;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Lapilli.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap"ine</hw> (r&abreve;p"&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>rapine</i>; cf. Pr. &amp; It. <i>rapina</i>; all fr. L. <i>rapina</i>,
fr. <i>rapere</i> to seize and carry off by force. See <u>Rapid</u>,
and cf. <u>Raven</u> rapine.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
plundering; the seizing and carrying away of things by force;
spoliation; pillage; plunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men who were impelled to war quite as much by the
desire of <i>rapine</i> as by the desire of glory.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ravishment; rape.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rap"ine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To plunder.</def>
<i>Sir G. Buck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rap"i*nous</hw> (r&abreve;p"&ibreve;*n&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to rapine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rap"page</hw> (-p&asl;j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Founding)</i> <def>The enlargement of a mold caused by rapping the
pattern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap`pa*ree"</hw> (-p&adot;*r&emacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A wild Irish plunderer, esp. one of the 17th century; -- so
called from his carrying a half-pike, called a <i>rapary</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>raparee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Rapped</hw> (r&abreve;pt), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Rap</u>, to strike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rapped</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Rap</u>,
to snatch away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap*pee"</hw> (r&abreve;p*p&emacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&acirc;p&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>r&acirc;per</i> to grate, to rasp.
See <u>Rasp</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A pungent kind of snuff
made from the darker and ranker kinds of tobacco leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap"pel</hw> (r&abreve;p"p&ebreve;l or r&abreve;p*p&ebreve;l"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf. <u>Repeal</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The
beat of the drum to call soldiers to arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap"per</hw> (r&abreve;p"p&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <u>Rap</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which,
raps or knocks; specifically, the knocker of a door.</def>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A forcible oath or lie.</def> [Slang]
<i>Bp. Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rap*port"</hw> (r&abreve;p*p&omacr;rt"; F. r&adot;`p&ocirc;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>rapporter</i> to bring again or back,
to refer; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>apporter</i> to bring, L.
<i>apportare</i>. Cf. <u>Report</u>.] <def>Relation; proportion;
conformity; correspondence; accord.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is obvious what <i>rapport</i> there is between the
conceptions and languages in every country.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><col><b>||En` rap`port"</b></col> (&auml;N` r&adot;`p&ocirc;r")
[F.], <cd>in accord, harmony, or sympathy; having a mutual, especially
a private, understanding; in mesmerism, in that relation of sympathy
which permits influence or communication.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rap*scal"lion</hw> (r&abreve;p*sk&abreve;l"y&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rascallion</u>.] <def>A rascal; a good-
for-nothing fellow.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rapt</hw> (r&abreve;pt), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Rap</u>, to snatch away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rapt</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Snatched away; hurried away or along.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Waters <i>rapt</i> with whirling away.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Transported with love, admiration, delight,
etc.; enraptured.</def> "The <i>rapt</i> musician."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wholly absorbed or engrossed, as in work or
meditation.</def> "<i>Rapt</i> in secret studies."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rapt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From F. <i>rapt</i> abduction,
rape, L. <i>raptus</i>, fr. <i>rapere</i> to seize and carry off, to
transport; or fr. E. <i>rapt</i>, a. See <u>Rapt</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Rapid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
ecstasy; a trance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Morton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rapidity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rapt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
transport or ravish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry away by force.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rap"ter</hw> (r&abreve;p"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A raptor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rap"tor</hw> (r&abreve;p"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>raptor</i>, from <i>rapere</i> to ravish. See <u>Rapid</u>.] <def>A
ravisher; a plunderer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Rap*to"res</hw> (r&abreve;p*t&omacr;"r&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Raptor</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Accipitres</u>. Called also <i>Raptatores</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap*to"ri*al</hw> (-r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Rapacious; living upon
prey; -- said especially of certain birds.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Adapted for seizing prey; -- said of the legs, claws, etc., of
insects, birds, and other animals.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Of
or pertaining to the Raptores. See <i>Illust.</i> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
of <u>Aves</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap*to"ri*ous</hw> (-&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>raptorius</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Raptorial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap"ture</hw> (r&abreve;p"t&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>rapere</i>, <i>raptum</i>, to carry off by force. See
<u>Rapid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A seizing by violence; a
hurrying along; rapidity with violence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That 'gainst a rock, or flat, her keel did dash<BR>
With headlong <i>rapture</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or condition of being rapt, or
carried away from one's self by agreeable excitement; violence of a
pleasing passion; extreme joy or pleasure; ecstasy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Music, when thus applied, raises in the mind of the
hearer great conceptions; it strengthens devotion, and advances praise
into <i>rapture</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You grow correct that once with <i>rapture</i>
writ.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A spasm; a fit; a syncope; delirium.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bliss; ecstasy; transport; delight; exultation.</p>

<p><hw>Rap"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Raptured</u> (-t&usl;rd; 135); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rapturing</u>.] <def>To transport with excitement; to
enrapture.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rap"tur*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
enthusiast.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rap"tur*ize</hw> (-&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To put, or be put, in a state of rapture.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rap"tur*ous</hw> (-&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ecstatic; transporting; ravishing; feeling, expressing, or
manifesting rapture; as, <i>rapturous</i> joy, pleasure, or delight;
<i>rapturous</i> applause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rap"tur*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rapturous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rare</hw> (r&acirc;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Rather</u>,
<u>Rath</u>.] <def>Early.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rude mechanicals that <i>rare</i> and late<BR>
Work in the market place.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rare</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Rarer</u> (r&acirc;r"&etilde;r); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Rarest</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>hr&emacr;r</i>, or E. <i>rare</i> early.
&radic;18.] <def>Nearly raw; partially cooked; not thoroughly cooked;
underdone; as, <i>rare</i> beef or mutton.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>New-laid eggs, which Baucis' busy care<BR>
Turned by a gentle fire, and roasted <i>rare</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word is in common use in the United States, but in
England its synonym <i>underdone</i> is preferred.</p>

<p><hw>Rare</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Rarer</u> (r&acirc;r"&etilde;r); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Rarest</u>.] [F., fr. L. <i>rarus</i> thin, rare.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not frequent; seldom met with or occurring;
unusual; as, a <i>rare</i> event.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of an uncommon nature; unusually excellent;
valuable to a degree seldom found.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rare</i> work, all filled with terror and
delight.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Above the rest I judge one beauty
<i>rare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Thinly scattered; dispersed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>rare</i> and solitary, these in
flocks.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by wide separation of parts;
of loose texture; not thick or dense; thin; as, a <i>rare</i>
atmosphere at high elevations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Water is nineteen times lighter, and by consequence
nineteen times <i>rarer</i>, than gold.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Scarce; infrequent; unusual; uncommon; singular;
extraordinary; incomparable.  -- <u>Rare</u>, <u>Scarce</u>. We call a
thing <i>rare</i> when but few examples, specimens, or instances of it
are ever to be met with; as, a <i>rare</i> plant. We speak of a thing
as <i>scarce</i>, which, though usually abundant, is for the time
being to be had only in diminished quantities; as, a bad harvest makes
corn <i>scarce</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>A perfect union of wit and judgment is one of the
<i>rarest</i> things in the world.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When any particular piece of money grew very
<i>scarce</i>, it was often recoined by a succeeding
emperor.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rare"bit</hw> (r&acirc;r"b&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A dainty morsel; a Welsh rabbit. See <i>Welsh rabbit</i>, under
<u>Rabbit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rar"ee-show`</hw> (r&acirc;r"&esl;-sh&omacr;`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr. <i>rarity-show</i>.] <def>A show
carried about in a box; a peep show.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rar`e*fac"tion</hw> (r&abreve;r`&esl;*f&abreve;k"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>rar&eacute;faction</i>. See
<u>Rarefy</u>.] <def>The act or process of rarefying; the state of
being rarefied; -- opposed to <i>condensation</i>; as, the
<i>rarefaction</i> of air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rar"e*fi`a*ble</hw> (r&abreve;r"&esl;*f&imacr;`&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>rar&eacute;fiable</i>.] <def>Capable
of being rarefied.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rar"e*fy</hw> (r&abreve;r"&esl;*f&imacr;; 277), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rarefied</u> (-
f&imacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rarefying</u> (-
f&imacr;`&ibreve;ng).] [F. <i>rar&eacute;fier</i>; L. <i>rarus</i>
rare + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make; cf. L. <i>rarefacere</i>.
See <u>-fy</u>.] <def>To make rare, thin, porous, or less dense; to
expand or enlarge without adding any new portion of matter to; --
opposed to <i>condense</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rar"e*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become less
dense; to become thin and porous.</def> "Earth <i>rarefies</i> to
dew."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rare"ly</hw> (r&acirc;r"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a rare manner or degree; seldom; not often;
as, things <i>rarely</i> seen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Finely; excellently; with rare skill. See
3d <u>Rare</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The person who played so <i>rarely</i> on the
flageolet.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rest of the apartments are <i>rarely</i>
gilded.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rare"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being rare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And let the <i>rareness</i> the small gift
commend.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rare"ripe`</hw> (-r&imacr;p`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Rare</i> early + <i>ripe</i>.  Cf. <u>Rathripe</u>.] <def>Early
ripe; ripe before others, or before the usual season.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rare"ripe`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An early ripening
fruit, especially a kind of freestone peach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rar`i*fi*ca"tion</hw>
(r&abreve;r`&ibreve;*f&ibreve;*k&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Rarefaction</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Am.
Chem. Journal.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rar"i*ty</hw> (r&abreve;r"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Rarities</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z). [L. <i>raritas</i>: cf. F. <i>raret&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Rare</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
rare; rareness; thinness; as, the <i>rarity</i> (contrasted with the
<i>density</i>) of gases.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1190 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is rare; an uncommon thing; a
thing valued for its scarcity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw three <i>rarities</i> of different kinds, which
pleased me more than any other shows in the place.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ras</hw> (r&auml;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Reis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra`sante"</hw> (r&adot;`z&auml;Nt"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F., p. pr. of <i>raser</i> to graze.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>Sweeping;
grazing; -- applied to a style of fortification in which the command
of the works over each other, and over the country, is kept very low,
in order that the shot may more effectually sweep or graze the ground
before them.</def>  <i>H. L. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ras"cal</hw> (r&abreve;s"k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>rascaille</i> rabble, probably from an OF. <i>racaille</i>, F.
<i>racaille</i> the rabble, rubbish, probably akin to F. <i>racler</i>
to scrape, (assumed) LL. <i>rasiculare</i>, <i>rasicare</i>, fr. L.
<i>radere</i>, <i>rasum</i>. See <u>Rase</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the rabble; a low, common sort of
person or creature; collectively, the rabble; the common herd; also, a
lean, ill-conditioned beast, esp. a deer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He smote of the people seventy men, and fifty thousand
of the <i>rascal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (1 Kings [1 Samuel] vi.
19).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Poor men alone? No, no; the noblest deer hath them
[horns] as huge as the <i>rascal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mean, trickish fellow; a base, dishonest
person; a rogue; a scoundrel; a trickster.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For I have sense to serve my turn in store,<BR>
And he's a <i>rascal</i> who pretends to more.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ras"cal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
common herd or common people; low; mean; base.</def>  "The
<i>rascal</i> many." <i>Spenser.</i>  "The <i>rascal</i> people."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While she called me <i>rascal</i> fiddler.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ras"cal*dom</hw> (-d&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State
of being a rascal; rascality; domain of rascals; rascals,
collectively.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ras"cal*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
rascal.</def> [Humorous]</p>

<p><hw>Ras*cal"i*ty</hw> (r&abreve;s*k&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Rascalities</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being rascally, or
a rascal; mean trickishness or dishonesty; base fraud.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The poorer and lower classes of
people.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The chief heads of their clans with their several
<i>rascalities</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Jackson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ras*cal"lion</hw> (r&abreve;s*k&abreve;l"y&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Rascal</u>.] <def>A low, mean
wretch.</def> [Written also <i>rascalion</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ras"cal*ly</hw> (r&abreve;s"k<i>a</i>l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a rascal; trickish or dishonest; base;
worthless; -- often in humorous disparagement, without implication of
dishonesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>rascally</i> porter is fallen fast
asleep.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rase</hw> (r&amacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rased</u> (r&amacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rasing</u>.] [F. <i>raser</i>, LL. <i>rasare</i> to
scrape often, v. freq. fr. L. <i>radere</i>, <i>rasum</i>, to scrape,
shave; cf. Skr. <i>rad</i> to scratch, gnaw, L. <i>rodere</i> to gnaw.
Cf. <u>Raze</u>, <u>Razee</u>, <u>Razor</u>, <u>Rodent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub along the surface of; to graze.</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Was he not in the . . . neighborhood to death? and
might not the bullet which <i>rased</i> his cheek have gone into his
head?</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes his feet <i>rased</i> the surface of the
water, and at others the skylight almost flattened his
nose.</blockquote> <i>Beckford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rub or scratch out; to erase.</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Except we <i>rase</i> the faculty of memory, root and
branch, out of our mind.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To level with the ground; to overthrow; to
destroy; to raze.</def> [In this sense <i>raze</i> is generally
used.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Till Troy were by their brave hands <i>rased</i>,<BR>
They would not turn home.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word, <i>rase</i>, may be considered as nearly
obsolete; <i>graze</i>, <i>erase</i>, and <i>raze</i>, having
superseded it.</p>

<p><col><b>Rasing iron</b></col>, <cd>a tool for removing old oakum
and pitch from the seams of a vessel.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To erase; efface; obliterate; expunge; cancel;
level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert; destroy; demolish; ruin.</p>

<p><hw>Rase</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be leveled with the
ground; to fall; to suffer overthrow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rase</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
scratching out, or erasure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slight wound; a scratch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A way of measuring in
which the commodity measured was made even with the top of the
measuring vessel by rasing, or striking off, all that was above
it.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rash</hw> (r&abreve;sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [For
<i>arace</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pull off or pluck
violently.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To slash; to hack; to cut; to slice.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rashing</i> off helms and riving plates
asunder.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>rasche</i> an eruption,
scurf, F. <i>rache</i>; fr. (assumed) LL. <i>rasicare</i> to scratch,
fr. L. <i>radere</i>, <i>rasum</i>, to scrape, scratch, shave. See
<u>Rase</u>, and cf. <u>Rascal</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A fine
eruption or efflorescence on the body, with little or no
elevation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Canker rash</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Nettle rash</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Urticaria</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rose rash</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Roseola</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Tooth rash</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Red-gum</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ras</i> short-nap
cloth, It. &amp; Sp. <i>raso</i> satin (cf. <u>Rase</u>); or cf. It.
<i>rascia</i> serge, G. <i>rasch</i>, probably fr. <i>Arras</i> in
France (cf. <u>Arras</u>).] <def>An inferior kind of silk, or mixture
of silk and worsted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rash</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Rasher</u> (-&etilde;r); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Rashest</u>.]
[Probably of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>rask</i> quick, brisk,
rash, Icel. <i>r&ouml;skr</i> vigorous, brave, akin to D. &amp; G.
<i>rasch</i> quick, of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sudden in action; quick; hasty.</def> [Obs.] "Strong as aconitum
or <i>rash</i> gunpowder."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Requiring sudden action; pressing;
urgent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I scarce have leisure to salute you,<BR>
My matter is so <i>rash</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Esp., overhasty in counsel or action;
precipitate; resolving or entering on a project or measure without due
deliberation and caution; opposed to <i>prudent</i>; said of persons;
as, a <i>rash</i> statesman or commander.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Uttered or undertaken with too much haste
or too little reflection; as, <i>rash</i> words; <i>rash</i>
measures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>So dry as to fall out of the ear with
handling, as corn.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Precipitate; headlong; headstrong; foolhardy; hasty;
indiscreet; heedless; thoughtless; incautious; careless;
inconsiderate; unwary.  -- <u>Rash</u>, <u>Adventurous</u>,
<u>Foolhardy</u>. A man is <i>adventurous</i> who incurs risk or
hazard from a love of the arduous and the bold. A man is <i>rash</i>
who does it from the mere impulse of his feelings, without counting
the cost. A man is <i>foolhardy</i> who throws himself into danger in
disregard or defiance of the consequences.</p>

<p><blockquote>Was never known a more <i>adventurous</i>
knight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>rash</i> hand in evil hour<BR>
Forth reaching to the fruit, she plucked, she eat.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If any yet  be so <i>foolhardy</i><BR>
To expose themselves to vain jeopardy;<BR>
If they come wounded off, and lame,<BR>
No honor 's got by such a maim.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rash</hw> (r&abreve;sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
prepare with haste.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rash"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [In sense 1,
probably fr. <i>rash</i>, a., as being hastily cooked.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin slice of bacon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A California rockfish
(<i>Sebastichthys miniatus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Rash"ful</hw> (-f&usd;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rash;
hasty; precipitate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rash"ling</hw> (-l&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rash
person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rash"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rash manner;
with precipitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that doth anything <i>rashly</i>, must do it
willingly; for he was free to deliberate or not.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rash"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being rash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We offend . . . by <i>rashness</i>, which is an
affirming or denying, before we have sufficiently informed
ourselves.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Temerity; foolhardiness; precipitancy;
precipitation; hastiness; indiscretion; heedlessness; inconsideration;
carelessness. See <u>Temerity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Ras*kol"nik</hw> (r&abreve;s*k&obreve;l"n&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>raskolenik'</i> schismatic, heretic.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One of the separatists or dissenters from the
established or Greek church in Russia.</def> [Written also
<i>rascolnik</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ra*so"res</hw> (r&adot;*z&omacr;"r&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>radere</i>, <i>rasum</i>, to scratch.
See <u>Rase</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of birds; the Gallin&aelig;.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly, the word <i>Rasores</i> was used in a wider sense,
so as to include other birds now widely separated in
classification.</p>

<p><hw>Ra*so"ri*al</hw> (-r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Rasores, or gallinaceous birds, as the peacock, domestic fowl,
partridge, quail, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"sour</hw> (r&auml;"s&oomac;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Razor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rasp</hw> (r&adot;sp), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rasped</u> (r&adot;spt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rasping</u>.] [OF. <i>rasper</i>, F.
<i>r&acirc;per</i>, to scrape, grate, rasp, fr. OHG.
<i>rasp&omacr;n</i> to scrape together, to collect, probably akin to
E. <i>rap</i>.  Cf. <u>Rap</u> to snatch.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub or file with a rasp; to rub or grate
with a rough file; as, to <i>rasp</i> wood to make it smooth; to
<i>rasp</i> bones to powder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively: To grate harshly upon;
to offend by coarse or rough treatment or language; as, some sounds
<i>rasp</i> the ear; his insults <i>rasped</i> my temper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rasp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>raspe</i>, OF.
<i>raspe</i>, F. <i>r&acirc;pe</i>. See <u>Rasp</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A coarse file, on which the cutting
prominences are distinct points raised by the oblique stroke of a
sharp punch, instead of lines raised by a chisel, as on the true
file.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The raspberry.</def> [Obs.] "Set sorrel
amongst <i>rasps</i>, and the <i>rasps</i> will be the smaller."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rasp palm</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a Brazilian palm
tree (<i>Iriartea exorhiza</i>) which has strong a&euml;rial roots
like a screw pine. The roots have a hard, rough surface, and are used
by the natives for graters and rasps, whence the common name.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ras`pa*to"ri*um</hw>
(r&abreve;s`p&adot;*t&omacr;"r&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <def>See <u>Raspatory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rasp"a*to*ry</hw> (r&adot;sp"&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>raspatorium</i>: cf. F. <i>raspatoir</i>.
See <u>Rasp</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A surgeon's rasp.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rasp"ber*ry</hw> (r&abreve;z"b&ebreve;r*r&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From E. <i>rasp</i>, in allusion to the apparent
roughness of the fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
thimble-shaped fruit of the <i>Rubus Id&aelig;us</i> and other similar
brambles; as, the black, the red, and the white
<i>raspberry</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The shrub bearing
this fruit.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Technically, raspberries are those brambles in which the
fruit separates readily from the core or receptacle, in this differing
from the blackberries, in which the fruit is firmly attached to the
receptacle.</p>

<p><hw>Rasp"er</hw> (r&adot;sp"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, rasps; a scraper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ras"pis</hw> (r&abreve;s"p&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The raspberry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Langham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rasp"y</hw> (r&adot;sp"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like a rasp, or the sound made by a rasp; grating.</def>  <i>R.
D. Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rasse</hw> (r&abreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Malay
<i>r&amacr;sa</i> taste, sensation.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
carnivore (<i>Viverricula Mallaccensis</i>) allied to the civet but
smaller, native of China and the East Indies. It furnishes a perfume
resembling that of the civet, which is highly prized by the Javanese.
Called also <i>Malacca weasel</i>, and <i>lesser civet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"sure</hw> (r&amacr;"zh&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rasura</i>, fr. <i>radere</i>, <i>rasum</i>, to scrape, to shave.
See <u>Rase</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of rasing, scraping, or erasing; erasure; obliteration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mark by which a letter, word, or any part
of a writing or print, is erased, effaced, or obliterated; an
erasure.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rat</hw> (r&abreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>r&aelig;t</i>; akin to D. <i>rat</i>, OHG. <i>rato</i>,
<i>ratta</i>, G. <i>ratte</i>, <i>ratze</i>, OLG. <i>ratta</i>, LG. &
Dan. <i>rotte</i>, Sw. <i>r&aring;tta</i>, F. <i>rat</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael.
<i>radan</i>, Armor. <i>raz</i>, of unknown origin.  Cf.
<u>Raccoon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
several species of small rodents of the genus <i>Mus</i> and allied
genera, larger than mice, that infest houses, stores, and ships,
especially the Norway, or brown, rat (<i>M. decumanus</i>), the black
rat (<i>M. rattus</i>), and the roof rat (<i>M. Alexandrinus</i>).
These were introduced into America from the Old World.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A round and tapering mass of hair, or
similar material, used by women to support the puffs and rolls of
their natural hair.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who deserts his party or associates;
hence, in the trades, one who works for lower wages than those
prescribed by a trades union.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p>&fist; "It so chanced that, not long after the accession of the
house of Hanover, some of the brown, that is, the German or Norway,
rats, were first brought over to this country (in some timber as is
said); and being much stronger than the black, or, till then, the
common, rats, they in many places quite extirpated the latter. The
word (both the noun and the verb to <i>rat</i>) was first, as we have
seen, leveled at the converts to the government of George the First,
but has by degrees obtained a wider meaning, and come to be applied to
any sudden and mercenary change in politics."  <i>Lord Mahon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bamboo rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any Indian
rodent of the genus <i>Rhizomys</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Beaver
rat</b></col>, <col><b>Coast rat</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Beaver</u>, and <u>Coast</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blind
rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the mole rat.</cd> --
<col><b>Cotton rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a long-haired
rat (<i>Sigmodon hispidus</i>), native of the Southern United States
and Mexico. It makes its nest of cotton and is often injurious to the
crop.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground rat</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Ground Pig</i>,
under <u>Ground</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hedgehog rat</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Hedgehog</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Kangaroo rat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the potoroo.</cd> -- <col><b>Norway
rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common brown rat. See
<u>Rat</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pouched rat</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>Pocket Gopher</i>, under
<u>Pocket</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any African rodent of the
genus <i>Cricetomys</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rat Indians</b></col>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i>, <cd>a tribe of Indians dwelling near Fort Ukon,
Alaska. They belong to the Athabascan stock.</cd> -- <col><b>Rat
mole</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Mole rat</i>, under
<u>Mole</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rat pit</b></col>, <cd>an inclosed space
into which rats are put to be killed by a dog for sport.</cd> --
<col><b>Rat snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large colubrine
snake (<i>Ptyas mucosus</i>) very common in India and Ceylon. It
enters dwellings, and destroys rats, chickens, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Spiny rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any South
American rodent of the genus <i>Echinomys</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To
smell a rat</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Smell</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any American rat
of the genus <i>Neotoma</i>, especially <i>N. Floridana</i>, common in
the Southern United States. Its feet and belly are white.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ratted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ratting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In English politics, to
desert one's party from interested motives; to forsake one's
associates for one's own advantage; in the trades, to work for less
wages, or on other conditions, than those established by a trades
union.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Coleridge . . . incurred the reproach of having
<i>ratted</i>, solely by his inability to follow the friends of his
early days.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To catch or kill rats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"ta</hw> (r&auml;"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Maori.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A New Zealand forest tree (<i>Metrosideros
robusta</i>), also, its hard dark red wood, used by the Maoris for
paddles and war clubs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat`a*bil"i*ty</hw>
(r&amacr;t`&adot;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being ratable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"a*ble</hw> (r&amacr;t"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being rated, or set at a certain
value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Twenty or&aelig; were <i>ratable</i> to [at] two marks
of silver.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liable to, or subjected by law to,
taxation; as, <i>ratable</i> estate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Made at a proportionate rate; as,
<i>ratable</i> payments.</def> -- <wf>Rat"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Rat"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rat`a*fi"a</hw> (r&abreve;t`&adot;*f&emacr;"&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Malay <i>arak</i> arrack +
<i>t&amacr;f&imacr;a</i> a spirit distilled from molasses.] <def>A
spirituous liquor flavored with the kernels of cherries, apricots,
peaches, or other fruit, spiced, and sweetened with sugar; -- a term
applied to the liqueurs called <i>noyau</i>, <i>cura&ccedil;ao</i>,
etc.</def> [Written also <i>ratifia</i> and <i>ratafee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ra*tan"</hw> (r&adot;*t&abreve;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Rattan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"a*ny</hw> (r&abreve;t"&adot;*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Rhatany</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra`ta`plan"</hw> (r&adot;`t&adot;`pl&auml;N"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The iterative sound of beating a drum,
or of a galloping horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ratch</hw> (r&abreve;ch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Rotche</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ratch</hw> (r&abreve;ch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rack</u>
the instrument, <u>Ratchet</u>.] <def>A ratchet wheel, or notched bar,
with which a pawl or click works.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ratch"el</hw> (-&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gravelly
stone.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ratch"et</hw> (-&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Properly a
diminutive from the same word as <i>rack</i>: cf. F. <i>rochet</i>.
See 2d <u>Ratch</u>, <u>Rack</u> the instrument.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A pawl, click, or detent, for holding or propelling a ratchet
wheel, or ratch, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mechanism composed of a ratchet wheel, or
ratch, and pawl.  See <i>Ratchet wheel</i>, below, and 2d
<u>Ratch</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ratchet brace</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a boring brace,
having a ratchet wheel and pawl for rotating the tool by back and
forth movements of the brace handle.</cd> -- <col><b>Ratchet
drill</b></col>, <cd>a portable machine for working a drill by hand,
consisting of a hand lever carrying at one end a drill holder which is
revolved by means of a ratchet wheel and pawl, by swinging the lever
back and forth.</cd> -- <col><b>Ratchet wheel</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a circular wheel having teeth, usually angular,
with which a reciprocating pawl engages to turn the wheel forward, or
a stationary pawl to hold it from turning backward.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; In the cut, the moving pawl <i>c</i> slides over the teeth
in one direction, but in returning, draws the wheel with it, while the
pawl <i>d</i> prevents it from turning in the contrary direction.</p>

<p><! p. 1191 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>Rate</hw> (r&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Perh. fr.
E. <i>rate</i>, v. t., to value at a certain rate, to estimate, but
more prob. fr. Sw. <i>rata</i> to find fault, to blame, to despise, to
hold cheap; cf. Icel. <i>hrat</i> refuse, <i>hrati</i> rubbish.]
<def>To chide with vehemence; to scold; to censure violently.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, <i>rate</i> thy minions, proud, insulting
boy!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Conscience is a check to beginners in sin, reclaiming
them from it, and <i>rating</i> them for it.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., fr. L. <i>rata</i> (sc.
<i>pars</i>), fr. <i>ratus</i> reckoned, fixed by calculation, p. p.
of <i>reri</i> to reckon, to calculate.  Cf. <u>Reason</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Established portion or measure; fixed
allowance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The one right feeble through the evil <i>rate</i><BR>
Of food which in her duress she had found.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is established as a measure or
criterion; degree; standard; rank; proportion; ratio; as, a slow
<i>rate</i> of movement; <i>rate</i> of interest is the ratio of the
interest to the principal, per annum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heretofore the <i>rate</i> and standard of wit was
different from what it is nowadays.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In this did his holiness and godliness appear above the
<i>rate</i> and pitch of other men's, in that he was so . . .
merciful.</blockquote> <i>Calamy.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many of the horse could not march at that <i>rate</i>,
nor come up soon enough.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Valuation; price fixed with relation to a
standard; cost; charge; as, high or low <i>rates</i> of
transportation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They come at dear <i>rates</i> from Japan.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A tax or sum assessed by authority on
property for public use, according to its income or value; esp., in
England, a local tax; as, parish <i>rates</i>; town
<i>rates</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Order; arrangement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thus sat they all around in seemly
<i>rate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Ratification; approval.</def> [R.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Horol.)</i> <def>The gain or loss of a
timepiece in a unit of time; as, daily <i>rate</i>; hourly
<i>rate</i>; etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
order or class to which a war vessel belongs, determined according to
its size, armament, etc.; as, first <i>rate</i>, second <i>rate</i>,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The class of a merchant vessel for
marine insurance, determined by its relative safety as a risk, as A1,
A2, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set a certain estimate on;
to value at a certain price or degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>rate</i> a man by the nature of his companions is
a rule frequent indeed, but not infallible.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You seem not high enough your joys to
<i>rate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assess for the payment of a rate or
tax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To settle the relative scale, rank,
position, amount, value, or quality of; as, to <i>rate</i> a ship; to
<i>rate</i> a seaman; to <i>rate</i> a pension.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To ratify.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>rate</i> the
truce."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To rate a chronometer</b></col>, <cd>to ascertain the exact
rate of its gain or loss as compared with true time, so as to make an
allowance or computation dependent thereon.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To value; appraise; estimate; reckon.</p>

<p><hw>Rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be set or considered in a class; to have rank; as, the ship
<i>rates</i> as a ship of the line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make an estimate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rate"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ratable</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"tel</hw> (r&amacr;"t&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any carnivore of the genus <i>Mellivora</i>,
allied to the weasels and the skunks; -- called also <i>honey
badger</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Several species are known in Africa and India. The Cape
ratel (<i>M. Capensis</i>) and the Indian ratel (<i>M. Indica</i>) are
the best known.  The back is gray; the lower parts, face, and tail are
black. They are fond of honey, and rob the nests of wild bees.</p>

<p><hw>Rate"pay`er</hw> (-p&amacr;`&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who pays rates or taxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"er</hw> (r&amacr;t"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who rates or estimates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who rates or
scolds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"fish`</hw> (r&abreve;t"f&ibreve;sh`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Rat-tail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rath</hw> (r&abreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir.
<i>rath</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hill or mound.</def> [Ireland]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of ancient fortification found in
Ireland.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rath</hw>, <hw>Rathe</hw>  } (r&abreve;th),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hr&aelig;&eth;</i>, <i>hr&aelig;d</i>,
quick, akin to OHG. <i>hrad</i>, Icel. <i>hra&eth;r</i>.] <def>Coming
before others, or before the usual time; early.</def> [Obs. or
Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bring the <i>rathe</i> primrose that forsaken
dies.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rath</hw>, <hw>Rathe</hw>, } <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Early; soon; betimes.</def> [Obs. or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Why rise ye up so <i>rathe</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Too <i>rathe</i> cut off by practice
criminal.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rath"er</hw> (r&abreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Compar. of <u>Rath</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Prior; earlier;
former.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now no man dwelleth at the <i>rather</i>
town.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Mandeville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rath"er</hw> (r&abreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r; 277),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hra&eth;or</i>, compar. of
<i>hra&eth;e</i>, <i>hr&aelig;&eth;e</i>, quickly, immediately. See
<u>Rath</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Earlier; sooner; before.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt, quod he, be <i>rather</i> false than
I.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A good mean to come the <i>rather</i> to
grace.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>More readily or willingly;
preferably.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul chooseth . . . death <i>rather</i> than my
life.</blockquote> <i>Job vii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>On the other hand; to the contrary of what
was said or suggested; instead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Was nothing bettered, but <i>rather</i> grew
worse.</blockquote> <i>Mark v. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of two alternatives conceived of, this by
preference to, or as more likely than, the other; somewhat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sought throughout the world, but sought in vain,<BR>
And nowhere finding, <i>rather</i> feared her slain.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>More properly; more correctly
speaking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is an art<BR>
Which does mend nature, change it <i>rather</i>, but<BR>
The art itself is nature.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In some degree; somewhat; as, the day is
<i>rather</i> warm; the house is <i>rather</i> damp.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The rather</b></col>, <cd>the more so; especially; for
better reason; for particular cause.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>You are come to me in happy time,<BR>
<i>The rather</i> for I have some sport in hand.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Had rather</b></col>, or <col><b>Would rather</b></col>,
<cd>prefer to; prefers to; as, he <i>had</i>, or <i>would, rather</i>
go than stay.</cd> "I <i>had rather</i> speak five words with my
understanding than ten thousand words in an unknown tongue." <i>1 Cor.
xiv. 19.</i> See <i>Had rather</i>, under <u>Had</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rath"ripe`</hw> (r&abreve;th"r&imacr;p`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Rareripe, or early ripe.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
rareripe.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such who delight in <i>rathripe</i>
fruits.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rat`i*fi*ca"tion</hw>
(r&abreve;t`&ibreve;*f&ibreve;*k&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ratification</i>.] <def>The act of
ratifying; the state of being ratified; confirmation; sanction; as,
the <i>ratification</i> of a treaty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"i*fi`er</hw> (r&abreve;t"&ibreve;*f&imacr;`&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which, ratifies; a
confirmer.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rat"i*fy</hw> (-f&imacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ratified</u> (-f&imacr;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Ratifying</u> (-
f&imacr;`&ibreve;ng).] [F. <i>ratifier</i>, fr. L. <i>ratus</i> fixed
by calculation, firm, valid + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See
<u>Rate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <def>To approve
and sanction; to make valid; to confirm; to establish; to settle;
especially, to give sanction to, as something done by an agent or
servant; as, to <i>ratify</i> an agreement, treaty, or contract; to
<i>ratify</i> a nomination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is impossible for the divine power to set a seal to
a lie by <i>ratifying</i> an imposture with such a
miracle.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rat`i*ha*bi"tion</hw> (-h&adot;*b&ibreve;sh"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ratihabitio</i>; <i>ratus</i> fixed, valid
+ <i>habere</i> to hold.] <def>Confirmation or approbation, as of an
act or contract.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"ti*o</hw> (r&amacr;"sh&ibreve;*&osl; or r&amacr;"sh&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>reri</i>, <i>ratus</i>, to reckon,
believe, think, judge. See <u>Reason</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>The relation which one quantity or magnitude has
to another of the same kind. It is expressed by the quotient of the
division of the first by the second; thus, the ratio of 3 to 6 is
expressed by &frac36; or &frac12;; of <i>a</i> to <i>b</i> by
<fract>a/b</fract>; or (less commonly) the second term is made the
dividend; as, <i>a:b = <fract>b/a</fract></i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some writers consider <i>ratio</i> as the quotient itself,
making ratio equivalent to a number.</p>

<p>The term <i>ratio</i> is also sometimes applied to the
<i>difference</i> of two quantities as well as to their
<i>quotient</i>, in which case the former is called <i>arithmetical
ratio</i>, the latter, <i>geometrical ratio</i>. The name <i>ratio</i>
is sometimes given to the <i>rule of three</i> in arithmetic. See
under <u>Rule</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, fixed relation of number, quantity,
or degree; rate; proportion; as, the <i>ratio</i> of representation in
Congress.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Compound ratio</b></col>, <col><b>Duplicate
ratio</b></col>, <col><b>Inverse ratio</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under
<u>Compound</u>, <u>Duplicate</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Ratio of a
geometrical progression</b></col>, <cd>the constant quantity by which
each term is multiplied to produce the succeeding one.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ra`ti*oc"i*nate</hw>
(r&abreve;sh`&ibreve;*&obreve;s"&ibreve;*n&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [L. <i>ratiocinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ratiocinari</i>, fr.
<i>ratio</i> reason. See <u>Ratio</u>.] <def>To reason, esp.
deductively; to offer reason or argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`ti*oc`i*na"tion</hw> (-n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ratiocinatio</i>: cf. F.
<i>ratiocination</i>.] <def>The process of reasoning, or deducing
conclusions from premises; deductive reasoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`ti*oc"i*na*tive</hw> (-
&obreve;s"&ibreve;*n&asl;*t&ibreve;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ratiocinativus</i>.] <def>Characterized by, or addicted to,
ratiocination; consisting in the comparison of propositions or facts,
and the deduction of inferences from the comparison; argumentative;
as, a <i>ratiocinative</i> process.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ratiocinative</i> meditativeness of his
character.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra`ti*oc"i*na*to*ry</hw> (-n&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ratiocinative.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ra"tion</hw> (r&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n or r&abreve;sh"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>ratio</i> a reckoning,
calculation, relation, reference, LL. <i>ratio</i> ration. See
<u>Ratio</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fixed daily allowance of
provisions assigned to a soldier in the army, or a sailor in the navy,
for his subsistence.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Officers have several rations, the number varying according
to their rank or the number of their attendants.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a certain portion or fixed amount
dealt out; an allowance; an allotment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply with
rations, as a regiment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"tion*al</hw> (r&abreve;sh"&ubreve;n*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rationalis</i>: cf. F. <i>rationnel</i>.
See <u>Ratio</u>, <u>Reason</u>, and cf. <u>Rationale</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the reason; not physical;
mental.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moral philosophy was his chiefest end; for the
<i>rational</i>, the natural, and mathematics . . . were but simple
pastimes in comparison of the other.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
North.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having reason, or the faculty of reasoning;
endowed with reason or understanding; reasoning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is our glory and happiness to have a <i>rational</i>
nature.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Agreeable to reason; not absurd,
preposterous, extravagant, foolish, fanciful, or the like; wise;
judicious; as, <i>rational</i> conduct; a <i>rational</i>
man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Expressing the type,
structure, relations, and reactions of a compound; graphic; -- said of
formul&aelig;. See under <u>Formula</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rational horizon</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Horizon</u>, 2 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rational
quantity</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>one that can be expressed
without the use of a radical sign, or in exact parts of unity; --
opposed to <i>irrational</i> or <i>radical quantity</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rational symptom</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>one elicited by
the statements of the patient himself and not as the result of a
physical examination.</cd>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sane; sound; intelligent; reasonable; sensible;
wise; discreet; judicious.  -- <u>Rational</u>, <u>Reasonable</u>.
<i>Rational</i> has reference to reason as a faculty of the mind, and
is opposed to <i>ir</i>rational; as, a <i>rational</i> being, a
<i>rational</i> state of mind, <i>rational</i> views, etc. In these
cases the speculative reason is more particularly referred to.
<i>Reasonable</i> has reference to the exercise of this faculty for
practical purposes, and means, governed or directed by reason; as,
<i>reasonable</i> desires or plans; a <i>reasonable</i> charge; a
<i>reasonable</i> prospect of success.</p>

<p><blockquote>What higher in her society thou find'st<BR>
Attractive, human, <i>rational</i>, love still.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A law may be <i>reasonable</i> in itself, although a
man does not allow it, or does not know the reason of the
lawgivers.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"tion*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rational
being.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra`tion*a"le</hw> (r&abreve;sh`&ubreve;n*&amacr;"l&esl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rationalis</i>, neut. <i>rationale</i>.
See <u>Rational</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>An explanation or
exposition of the principles of some opinion, action, hypothesis,
phenomenon, or the like; also, the principles themselves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"tion*al*ism</hw>
(r&abreve;sh"&ubreve;n*<i>a</i>l*&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>rationalisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i>
<def>The doctrine or system of those who deduce their religious
opinions from reason or the understanding, as distinct from, or
opposed to, revelation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The system that makes
rational power the ultimate test of truth; -- opposed to
<i>sensualism</i>, or <i>sensationalism</i>, and
<i>empiricism</i>.</def>  <i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"tion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rationaliste</i>.] <def>One who accepts rationalism as a theory or
system; also, disparagingly, a false reasoner. See Citation under
<u>Reasonist</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ra`tion*al*is"tic</hw> (-&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<hw>Ra`tion*al*is"tic*al</hw> (-t&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to, or in accordance with, the
principles of rationalism.</def> -- <wf>Ra`tion*al*is"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ra`tion*al"i*ty</hw> (-&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-ties</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z). [F. <i>rationalit&eacute;</i>, or L.
<i>rationalitas</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being rational;
agreement with reason; possession of reason; due exercise of reason;
reasonableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When God has made <i>rationality</i> the common portion
of mankind, how came it to be thy inclosure?</blockquote> <i>Gov. of
Tongue.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Well-directed intentions, whose <i>rationalities</i>
will never bear a rigid examination.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra`tion*al*i*za"tion</hw>
(r&abreve;sh`&ubreve;n*<i>a</i>l*&ibreve;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
rationalizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"tion*al*ize</hw> (r&abreve;sh"&ubreve;n*<i>a</i>l*&imacr;z),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make rational;
also, to convert to rationalism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To interpret in the manner of a
rationalist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form a rational conception of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>To render rational; to free
from radical signs or quantities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"tion*al*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use, and
rely on, reason in forming a theory, belief, etc., especially in
matters of religion: to accord with the principles of
rationalism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Theodore . . . is justly considered the chief
<i>rationalizing</i> doctor of antiquity.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rational
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"tion*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being rational; rationality.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ra*ti"t&aelig;</hw> (r&adot;*t&imacr;"t&esl;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>ratis</i> a raft; cf. L. <i>ratitus</i>
marked with the figure of a raft.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of birds in which the wings are small, rudimentary, or absent, and the
breastbone is destitute of a keel. The ostrich, emu, moa, and apteryx
are examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"i*tate</hw> (r&abreve;t"&ibreve;*t&asl;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Ratit&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"ite</hw> (r&abreve;t"&imacr;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Ratit&aelig;.</def> -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Ratit&aelig;.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rat"lines</hw>, <hw>Rat"lins</hw>  }
(r&abreve;t"l&ibreve;nz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Of uncertain
origin.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The small transverse ropes attached to
the shrouds and forming the steps of a rope ladder.</def> [Written
also <i>ratlings</i>, and <i>rattlings</i>.]  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rat"on</hw> (r&abreve;t"&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Raccoon</u>.] <def>A small rat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra*toon"</hw> (r&adot;*t&oomac;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Rattoon</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rattan cane.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra*toon"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Rattoon</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Rats"bane`</hw> (r&abreve;ts"b&amacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Rat</i> + <i>bane</i>.] <def>Rat poison; white arsenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rats"baned`</hw> (-b&amacr;nd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Poisoned by ratsbane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"-tail`</hw> (r&abreve;t"t&amacr;l`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like a rat's tail in form; as, a <i>rat-tail</i> file, which is
round, slender, and tapering. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>File</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"-tail`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Far.)</i> <i>pl.</i> <def>An excrescence growing from the pastern
to the middle of the shank of a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
California chim&aelig;ra. See <u>Chim&aelig;ra</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any fish of the genus <i>Macrurus</i>. See
<u>Grenadier</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"-tailed`</hw> (-t&amacr;ld`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a long, tapering tail like that of a
rat.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rat-tailed larva</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
larva of a fly of the genus Eristalis. See <u>Eristalis</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rat-tailed serpent</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the fer-
de-lance.</cd> -- <col><b>Rat-tailed shrew</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the musk shrew.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rat*tan"</hw> (r&abreve;t*t&abreve;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Malay <i>r&omacr;tan</i>.] [Written also <i>ratan</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>One of the long slender flexible stems of several species of
palms of the genus <i>Calamus</i>, mostly East Indian, though some are
African and Australian. They are exceedingly tough, and are used for
walking sticks, wickerwork, chairs and seats of chairs, cords and
cordage, and many other purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat*teen"</hw> (-t&emacr;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ratine</i>.] <def>A thick woolen stuff quilled or
twilled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"ten</hw> (r&abreve;t"t'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Prov.
E. <i>ratten</i> a rat, hence the verb literally means, to do mischief
like a rat.] <def>To deprive feloniously of the tools used in one's
employment (as by breaking or stealing them), for the purpose of
annoying; as, to <i>ratten</i> a mechanic who works during a
strike.</def> [Trades-union Cant]  <i>J. McCarthy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rat"ter</hw> (-t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, rats, as one who
deserts his party.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which catches rats; esp., a dog
trained to catch rats; a rat terrier. See <u>Terrier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat`ti*net"</hw> (-t&ibreve;*n&ebreve;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A woolen stuff thinner than ratteen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"ting</hw> (r&abreve;t"t&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The conduct or practices of one who rats.  See
<u>Rat</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 1.</def>  <i>Sydney
Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The low sport of setting a dog upon rats
confined in a pit to see how many he will kill in a given
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle</hw> (-t'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rattled</u> (-t'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rattling</u> (-tl&ibreve;ng).] [Akin to D. <i>ratelen</i>, G.
<i>rasseln</i>, AS. <i>hr&aelig;tele</i> a rattle, in
<i>hr&aelig;tel</i>wyrt rattlewort; cf. Gr. <grk>kradai`nein</grk>  to
swing, wave.  Cf. <u>Rail</u> a bird.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
a quick succession of sharp, inharmonious noises, as by the collision
of hard and not very sonorous bodies shaken together; to
clatter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the rude hail in <i>rattling</i> tempest
forms.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T was but the wind,<BR>
Or the car <i>rattling</i> o'er the stony street.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1192 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive or ride briskly, so as to make a
clattering; as, we <i>rattled</i> along for a couple of miles.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a clatter with the voice; to talk
rapidly and idly; to clatter; -- with <i>on</i> or <i>away</i>; as,
she <i>rattled</i> on for an hour.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle</hw> (r&abreve;t"t'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to make a rattling or clattering
sound; as, to <i>rattle</i> a chain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assail, annoy, or stun with a rattling
noise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sound but another [drum], and another shall<BR>
As loud as thine <i>rattle</i> the welkin's ear.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to disconcert; to confuse; as, to
<i>rattle</i> one's judgment; to <i>rattle</i> a player in a
game.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To scold; to rail at.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To rattle off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To tell
glibly or noisily; as, <i>to rattle off</i> a story.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To rail at; to scold.</cd>  "She would
sometimes <i>rattle off</i> her servants sharply."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
rapid succession of sharp, clattering sounds; as, the <i>rattle</i> of
a drum.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Noisy, rapid talk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All this ado about the golden age is but an empty
<i>rattle</i> and frivolous conceit.</blockquote> <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument with which a rattling sound
is made; especially, a child's toy that rattles when shaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rattles</i> of Isis and the cymbals of Brasilea
nearly enough resemble each other.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pleased with a <i>rattle</i>, tickled with a
straw.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A noisy, senseless talker; a
jabberer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It may seem strange that a man who wrote with so much
perspicuity, vivacity, and grace, should have been, whenever he took a
part in conversation, an empty, noisy, blundering
<i>rattle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A scolding; a sharp rebuke.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Heylin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any organ of an animal
having a structure adapted to produce a rattling sound.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>rattle</i> of a rattlesnake is composed of the
hardened terminal scales, loosened in succession, but not cast off,
and so modified in form as to make a series of loose, hollow
joints.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The noise in the throat produced by the air
in passing through mucus which the lungs are unable to expel; --
chiefly observable at the approach of death, when it is called the
<i>death rattle</i>. See <u>R&acirc;le</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To spring a rattle</b></col>, <cd>to cause it to
sound.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow rattle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
yellow-flowered herb (<i>Rhinanthus Crista-galli</i>), the ripe seeds
of which rattle in the inflated calyx.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle*box`</hw> (-b&obreve;ks`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A toy that makes a rattling sound; a
rattle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
American herb (<i>Crotalaria sagittalis</i>), the seeds of which, when
ripe, rattle in the inflated pod.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
species of <i>Crotalaria</i>, a genus of yellow-flowered herbs, with
inflated, many-seeded pods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle-brained`</hw> (-br&amacr;nd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Giddy; rattle-headed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle*head`</hw> (-h&ebreve;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
empty, noisy talker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle-head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Noisy; giddy;
unsteady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle*mouse`</hw> (-mous`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
bat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Puttenham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle*pate`</hw> (-p&amacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
rattlehead.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle-pat`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rattle-
headed.</def> "A noisy, <i>rattle-pated</i> fellow."  <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tler</hw> (-tl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, rattles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle*snake`</hw> (r&abreve;t"t'l*sn&amacr;k`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of venomous American snakes belonging to the genera
<i>Crotalus</i> and <i>Caudisona</i>, or <i>Sistrurus</i>. They have a
series of horny interlocking joints at the end of the tail which make
a sharp rattling sound when shaken. The common rattlesnake of the
Northern United States (<i>Crotalus horridus</i>), and the diamond
rattlesnake of the South (<i>C. adamanteus</i>), are the best known.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Fang</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Ground rattlesnake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
small rattlesnake (<i>Caudisona, or Sistrurus, miliaria</i>) of the
Southern United States, having a small rattle. It has nine large
scales on its head.</cd> -- <col><b>Rattlesnake fern</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a common American fern (<i>Botrychium
Virginianum</i>) having a triangular decompound frond and a long-
stalked panicle of spore cases rising from the middle of the
frond.</cd> -- <col><b>Rattlesnake grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a handsome American grass (<i>Glyceria Canadensis</i>) with an
ample panicle of rather large ovate spikelets, each one composed of
imbricated parts and slightly resembling the rattle of the
rattlesnake. Sometimes called <i>quaking grass</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rattlesnake plantain</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Plantain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rattlesnake root</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to certain American species of the
composite genus <i>Prenanthes</i> (<i>P. alba</i> and <i>P.
serpentaria</i>), formerly asserted to cure the bite of the
rattlesnake. Called also <i>lion's foot</i>, <i>gall of the earth</i>,
and <i>white lettuce</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rattlesnake's
master</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A species of
Agave (<i>Agave Virginica</i>) growing in the Southern United
States</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An umbelliferous plant
(<i>Eryngium yucc&aelig;folium</i>) with large bristly-fringed linear
leaves</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A composite plant, the blazing
star (<i>Liatris squarrosa</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Rattlesnake
weed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the composite genus
<i>Hieracium</i> (<i>H. venosum</i>); -- probably so named from its
spotted leaves. See also <u>Snakeroot</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle*trap`</hw> (-tr&abreve;p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Any machine or vehicle that does not run smoothly.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>A. Trollope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle*weed`</hw> (-w&emacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus <i>Astragalus</i>. See
<u>Milk vetch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle*wings`</hw> (-w&ibreve;ngz`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The golden-eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tle*wort`</hw> (-w&ucirc;rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hr&aelig;telwyrt</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Rattlebox</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat"tlings</hw> (r&abreve;t"tl&ibreve;ngz), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Ratlines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat*toon"</hw> (r&abreve;t*t&oomac;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Sp. <i>reto&ntilde;o</i>.] <def>One of the stems or shoots of sugar
cane of the second year's growth from the root, or later. See
<u>Plant-cane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rat*toon"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rattooned</u> (-t&oomac;nd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rattooning</u>.] [Cf. Sp. <i>reto&ntilde;ar</i>.]
<def>To sprout or spring up from the root, as sugar cane from the root
of the previous year's planting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rau"cid</hw> (r&add;"s&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>raucus</i> hoarse; cf. LL. <i>raucidus</i>.] <def>Hoarse;
raucous.</def> [R.]  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rau"ci*ty</hw> (r&add;"s&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>raucitas</i>, from <i>raucus</i> hoarse:
cf. F. <i>raucit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Harshness of sound; rough
utterance; hoarseness; as, the <i>raucity</i> of a trumpet, or of the
human voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rau"cous</hw> (r&add;"k&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>raucus</i>.] <def>Hoarse; harsh; rough; as, a <i>raucous</i>, thick
tone.</def> "His voice slightly <i>raucous</i>." <i>Aytoun.</i> --
<wf>Rau"cous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Raught</hw> (r&add;t), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Reach</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raught</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Reck</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raunch</hw> (r&add;nch), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ranch</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raun*soun"</hw> (r&add;n*s&oomac;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Ransom.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rav"age</hw> (r&abreve;v"&asl;j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. (assumed) L. <i>rapagium</i>, <i>rapaticum</i>, fr. <i>rapere</i>
to carry off by force, to ravish. See <u>Rapacious</u>,
<u>Ravish</u>.] <def>Desolation by violence; violent ruin or
destruction; devastation; havoc; waste; as, the <i>ravage</i> of a
lion; the <i>ravages</i> of fire or tempest; the <i>ravages</i> of an
army, or of time.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Would one think 't were possible for love<BR>
To make such <i>ravage</i> in a noble soul?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Despoilment; devastation; desolation; pillage;
plunder; spoil; waste; ruin.</p>

<p><hw>Rav"age</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ravaged</u> (-&asl;jd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ravaging</u> (-&asl;*j&ibreve;ng).] [F.
<i>ravager</i>. See <u>Ravage</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To lay
waste by force; to desolate by violence; to commit havoc or
devastation upon; to spoil; to plunder; to consume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Already C&aelig;sar<BR>
Has <i>ravaged</i> more than half the globe.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His lands were daily <i>ravaged</i>, his cattle driven
away.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To despoil; pillage; plunder; sack; spoil;
devastate; desolate; destroy; waste; ruin.</p>

<p><hw>Rav"a*ger</hw> (-&asl;*j&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, ravages or lays waste; spoiler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rave</hw> (r&amacr;v), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Rive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rave</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>raves</i>, or
<i>rathes</i>, a frame laid on a wagon, for carrying hay, etc.]
<def>One of the upper side pieces of the frame of a wagon body or a
sleigh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rave</hw> (r&amacr;v), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Raved</u> (r&amacr;vd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Raving</u>.] [F. <i>r&ecirc;ver</i> to rave, to be
delirious, to dream; perhaps fr. L. <i>rabere</i> to rave, rage, be
mad or furious.  Cf. <u>Rage</u>, <u>Reverie</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To wander in mind or intellect; to be delirious; to talk or act
irrationally; to be wild, furious, or raging, as a madman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In our madness evermore we <i>rave</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Have I not cause to <i>rave</i> and beat my
breast?</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mingled torrent of redcoats and tartans went
<i>raving</i> down the valley to the gorge of
Killiecrankie.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rush wildly or furiously.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To talk with unreasonable enthusiasm or
excessive passion or excitement; -- followed by <i>about</i>,
<i>of</i>, or <i>on</i>; as, he <i>raved</i> about her
beauty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hallowed scene<BR>
Which others <i>rave</i> of, though they know it not.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter in madness or
frenzy; to say wildly; as, to <i>rave</i> nonsense.</def>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rave"hook</hw> (r&amacr;v"h&oocr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A tool, hooked at the end, for enlarging or
clearing seams for the reception of oakum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rav"el</hw> (r&abreve;v"'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Raveled</u> (-'ld) or
<u>Ravelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Raveling</u> or
<u>Ravelling</u>.] [OD. <i>ravelen</i>, D. <i>rafelen</i>, akin to LG.
<i>rebeln</i>, <i>rebbeln</i>, <i>reffeln</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To separate or undo the texture of; to take apart; to untwist; to
unweave or unknit; -- often followed by <i>out</i>; as, to
<i>ravel</i> a twist; to <i>ravel</i> out a stocking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sleep, that knits up the <i>raveled</i> sleave of
care.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To undo the intricacies of; to
disentangle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pull apart, as the threads of a texture,
and let them fall into a tangled mass; hence, to entangle; to make
intricate; to involve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What glory 's due to him that could divide<BR>
Such <i>raveled</i> interests? has the knot untied?</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The faith of very many men seems a duty so weak and
indifferent, is so often untwisted by violence, or <i>raveled</i> and
entangled in weak discourses!</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rav"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
become untwisted or unwoven; to be disentangled; to be relieved of
intricacy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fall into perplexity and
confusion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Till, by their own perplexities involved,<BR>
They <i>ravel</i> more, still less resolved.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make investigation or search, as by
picking out the threads of a woven pattern.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The humor of <i>raveling</i> into all these mystical or
entangled matters.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rav"el*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also
<i>raveller</i>.] <def>One who ravels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rave"lin</hw> (r&abreve;v"l&ibreve;n; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; cf. Sp. <i>rebellin</i>, It.
<i>revellino</i>, <i>rivellino</i>; perhaps fr. L. <i>re-</i> again +
<i>vallum</i> wall.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A detached work with two
embankments which make a salient angle. It is raised before the
curtain on the counterscarp of the place. Formerly called
<i>demilune</i>, and <i>half-moon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rav"el*ing</hw> (r&abreve;v"'l*&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>ravelling</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of untwisting or of disentangling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is raveled out; esp., a thread
detached from a texture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"ven</hw> (r&amacr;"v'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hr&aelig;fn</i>; akin to D. <i>raaf</i>, G. <i>rabe</i>, OHG.
<i>hraban</i>, Icel. <i>hrafn</i>, Dan. <i>ravn</i>, and perhaps to L.
<i>corvus</i>, Gr. <grk>ko`rax</grk>. &radic;19.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large black passerine bird (<i>Corvus corax</i>), similar to
the crow, but larger. It is native of the northern parts of Europe,
Asia, and America, and is noted for its sagacity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sea raven</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
cormorant.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ra"ven</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the color of the
raven; jet black; as, <i>raven</i> curls; <i>raven</i>
darkness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rav"en</hw> (r&abreve;v"'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>ravin&eacute;</i> impetuosity, violence, F. <i>ravine</i> ravine.
See <u>Ravine</u>, <u>Rapine</u>.] [Written also <i>ravin</i>, and
<i>ravine</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rapine; rapacity.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Prey; plunder; food obtained by
violence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rav"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ravened</u> (-'nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ravening</u>.] [Written also <i>ravin</i>, and <i>ravine</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To obtain or seize by violence.</def>
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To devour with great eagerness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like rats that <i>ravin</i> down their proper
bane.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rav"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To prey with
rapacity; to be greedy; to show rapacity.</def> [Written also
<i>ravin</i>, and <i>ravine</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Benjamin shall <i>raven</i> as a wolf.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xlix. 27.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Rav`e*na"la</hw> (r&abreve;v`&esl;*n&auml;"l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malagasy.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants
related to the banana.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ravenala Madagascariensis</i>, the principal species, is
an unbranched tree with immense oarlike leaves growing alternately
from two sides of the stem. The sheathing bases of the leafstalks
collect and retain rain water, which flows freely when they are
pierced with a knife, whence the plant is called <i>traveler's
tree</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Rav"en*er</hw> (r&abreve;v"'n*&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, ravens or
plunders.</def>  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bird of prey, as the owl or
vulture.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rav"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Eagerness for
plunder; rapacity; extortion.</def>  <i>Luke xi. 39.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rav"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Greedily devouring;
rapacious; as, <i>ravening</i> wolves.</def> --
<wf>Rav"en*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rav"en*ous</hw> (r&abreve;v"'n*&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[From 2d <u>Raven</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Devouring with
rapacious eagerness; furiously voracious; hungry even to rage; as, a
<i>ravenous</i> wolf or vulture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Eager for prey or gratification; as, a
<i>ravenous</i> appetite or desire.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Rav"en*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rav"en*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ra"ven's-duck`</hw> (r&amacr;"v'nz-d&ubreve;k`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>ravenstuch</i>.] <def>A fine quality
of sailcloth.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rav"er</hw> (r&amacr;v"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who raves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rav"in</hw> (r&abreve;v"'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ravenous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rav"in</hw>, <hw>Rav"ine</hw>  } (r&abreve;v"'n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Raven</u>.] <def>Food obtained by
violence; plunder; prey; raven.</def> "Fowls of <i>ravyne</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though Nature, red in tooth and claw<BR>
With <i>ravine</i>, shrieked against his creed.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i>
</p>

<p>{ <hw>Rav"in</hw>, <hw>Rav"ine</hw>, } <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Raven</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ra*vine"</hw> (r&adot;*v&emacr;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a
place excavated by a torrent, a ravine, fr. <i>ravir</i> to snatch or
tear away, L. <i>rapere</i>; cf. L. <i>rapina</i> rapine. See
<u>Ravish</u>, and cf. <u>Rapine</u>, <u>Raven</u> prey.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A torrent of water.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A deep and narrow hollow, usually worn by a
stream or torrent of water; a gorge; a mountain cleft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rav"ing</hw> (r&amacr;v"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Talking irrationally and wildly; as, a <i>raving</i>
lunatic.</def> -- <wf>Rav"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rav"ish</hw> (r&abreve;v"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ravished</u> (-&ibreve;sht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Ravishing</u>.] [OE.
<i>ravissen</i>, F. <i>ravir</i>, fr. L. <i>rapere</i> to snatch or
tear away, to ravish. See <u>Rapacious</u>, <u>Rapid</u>, and <u>-
ish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To seize and carry away by violence;
to snatch by force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These hairs which thou dost <i>ravish</i> from my
chin<BR>
Will quicken, and accuse thee.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This hand shall <i>ravish</i> thy pretended
right.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To transport with joy or delight; to
delight to ecstasy.</def> "<i>Ravished</i> . . . for the joy."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast <i>ravished</i> my heart.</blockquote>
<i>Cant. iv. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have carnal knowledge of (a woman) by
force, and against her consent; to rape.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To transport; entrance; enrapture; delight; violate;
deflour; force.
</p>

<p><hw>Rav"ish*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ravishes (in any sense).</def></p>

<p><hw>Rav"ish*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rapturous;
transporting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rav"ish*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a ravishing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rav"ish*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ravissement</i>. See <u>Ravish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of carrying away by force or against consent; abduction; as, the
<i>ravishment</i> of children from their parents, of a ward from his
guardian, or of a wife from her husband.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being ravished; rapture;
transport of delight; ecstasy.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In whose sight all things joy, with
<i>ravishment</i><BR>
Attracted by thy beauty still to gaze.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of ravishing a woman;
rape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rav"is*sant</hw> (r&abreve;v"&ibreve;s*s&abreve;nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>In a half-raised
position, as if about to spring on prey.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1193 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>Raw</hw> (r&add;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Rawer</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Rawest</u>.] [AS. <i>hre&aacute;w</i>;
akin to D. <i>raauw</i>, LG. <i>rau</i>, G. <i>roh</i>, OHG.
<i>r&omacr;</i>, Icel. <i>hr&amacr;r</i>, Dan. <i>raa</i>, Sw.
<i>r&aring;</i>, L. <i>crudus</i>, Gr. <grk>kre`as</grk> flesh, Skr.
<i>kravis</i> raw flesh. &radic;18.  Cf. <u>Crude</u>, <u>Cruel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not altered from its natural state; not
prepared by the action of heat; as, <i>raw</i> sienna; specifically,
not cooked; not changed by heat to a state suitable for eating; not
done; as, <i>raw</i> meat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Unprepared for use or enjoyment;
immature; unripe; unseasoned; inexperienced; unpracticed; untried; as,
<i>raw</i> soldiers; a <i>raw</i> recruit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Approved himself to the <i>raw</i> judgment of the
multitude.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not worked in due form; in the natural
state; untouched by art; unwrought.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not distilled; as, <i>raw</i> water</def>.
[Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not spun or twisted; as,
<i>raw</i> silk or cotton</def>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Not mixed or
diluted; as, <i>raw</i> spirits</def>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Not
tried; not melted and strained; as, <i>raw</i> tallow</def>.
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Not tanned; as, <i>raw</i> hides</def>.
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Not trimmed, covered, or folded under; as,
the <i>raw</i> edge of a piece of metal or of cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not covered; bare.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Bald.</def> [Obs.] "With skull all
<i>raw</i>."  <i>Spenser</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Deprived of
skin; galled; as, a <i>raw</i> sore.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Sore, as if by being galled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And all his sinews waxen weak and <i>raw</i><BR>
Through long imprisonment.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Disagreeably damp or cold; chilly; bleak;
as, a <i>raw</i> wind.</def> "A <i>raw</i> and gusty day."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Raw material</b></col>, <cd>material that has not been
subjected to a (specified) process of manufacture; as, ore is the
<i>raw material</i> used in smelting; leather is the <i>raw
material</i> of the shoe industry.</cd> -- <col><b>Raw pig</b></col>,
<cd>cast iron as it comes from the smelting furnace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Raw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A raw, sore, or galled
place; a sensitive spot; as, to touch one on the <i>raw</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like savage hackney coachmen, they know where there is
a <i>raw</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raw"bone`</hw> (r&add;"b&omacr;n`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Rawboned.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raw"boned`</hw> (-b&omacr;nd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having little flesh on the bones; gaunt.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raw"head`</hw> (r&add;"h&ebreve;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A specter mentioned to frighten children; as, <i>rawhead</i> and
bloodybones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raw"hide`</hw> (r&add;"h&imacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cowhide, or coarse riding whip, made of untanned (or raw) hide
twisted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raw"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat raw.</def>
[R.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raw"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
a raw manner; unskillfully; without experience.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without proper preparation or
provision.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Raw"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being raw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ray</hw> (r&amacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [An aphetic form
of <i>array</i>; cf. <u>Beray</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
array.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark, stain, or soil; to streak; to
defile.</def> [Obs.] "The filth that did it <i>ray</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Array; order; arrangement;
dress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And spoiling all her gears and goodly
<i>ray</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>rai</i>, F. <i>rais</i>,
fr. L. <i>radius</i> a beam or ray, staff, rod, spoke of a wheel.  Cf.
<u>Radius</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of a number of lines or
parts diverging from a common point or center, like the radii of a
circle; as, a star of six <i>rays</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A radiating part of a flower
or plant; the marginal florets of a compound flower, as an aster or a
sunflower; one of the pedicels of an umbel or other circular flower
cluster; radius. See <u>Radius</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the radiating spines, or cartilages, supporting the fins of
fishes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the spheromeres of a
radiate, especially one of the arms of a starfish or an
ophiuran.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A line
of light or heat proceeding from a radiant or reflecting point; a
single element of light or heat propagated continuously; as, a solar
<i>ray</i>; a polarized <i>ray</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One
of the component elements of the total radiation from a body; any
definite or limited portion of the spectrum; as, the red <i>ray</i>;
the violet <i>ray</i>. See <i>Illust</i>. under
<u>Light</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Sight; perception; vision; -- from an old
theory of vision, that sight was something which proceeded from the
eye to the object seen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All eyes direct their <i>rays</i><BR>
On him, and crowds turn coxcombs as they gaze.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>One of a system of diverging
lines passing through a point, and regarded as extending indefinitely
in both directions. See <u>Half-ray</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bundle of rays</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See <i>Pencil
of rays</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Extraordinary ray</b></col>
<i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>that one of two parts of a ray divided by double
refraction which does not follow the ordinary law of refraction.</cd>
-- <col><b>Ordinary ray</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>that one of the
two parts of a ray divided by double refraction which follows the
usual or ordinary law of refraction.</cd> -- <col><b>Pencil of
rays</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a definite system of rays.</cd> --
<col><b>Ray flower</b></col>, or <col><b>Ray floret</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>one of the marginal flowers of the capitulum in
such composite plants as the aster, goldenrod, daisy, and sunflower.
They have an elongated, strap-shaped corolla, while the corollas of
the disk flowers are tubular and five-lobed.</cd> -- <col><b>Ray
point</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the common point of a pencil of
rays.</cd> -- <col><b>R&ouml;ntgen ray</b></col>
(r&etilde;nt"g&ebreve;n) <i>(Phys.)</i>, <cd>a kind of ray generated
in a very highly exhausted vacuum tube by the electrical discharge. It
is capable of passing through many bodies opaque to light, and
producing photographic and fluorescent effects by which means pictures
showing the internal structure of opaque objects are made, called
<i>radiographs</i>, or <i>sciagraphs</i>.. So called from the
discoverer, W. C. <i>R&ouml;ntgen</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>X
ray</b></col>, <cd>the R&ouml;ntgen ray; -- so called by its
discoverer because of its enigmatical character, <i>x</i> being an
algebraic symbol for an unknown quantity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ray</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rayed</u> (r&amacr;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Raying</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>raier</i>, <i>raiier</i>,
<i>rayer</i>, L. <i>radiare</i> to irradiate. See <u>Ray</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Radiate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To mark with long lines; to streak.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [From <u>Ray</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
send forth or shoot out; to cause to shine out; as, to <i>ray</i>
smiles.</def> [R.]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ray</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shine, as with
rays.</def>  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>raie</i>, L. <i>raia</i>.
Cf. <u>Roach</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
one of numerous elasmobranch fishes of the order Rai&aelig;, including
the skates, torpedoes, sawfishes, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>In a restricted sense, any of the broad, flat, narrow-tailed
species, as the skates and sting rays. See <u>Skate</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bishop ray</b></col>, <cd>a yellow-spotted, long-tailed
eagle ray (<i>Stoasodon n&agrave;rinari</i>) of the Southern United
States and the West Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Butterfly ray</b></col>,
<cd>a short-tailed American sting ray (<i>Pteroplatea Maclura</i>),
having very broad pectoral fins.</cd> -- <col><b>Devil ray</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Sea devil</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Eagle ray</b></col>, <cd>any
large ray of the family <i>Myliobatid&aelig;</i>, or
<i>&AElig;tobatid&aelig;</i>. The common European species
(<i>Myliobatis aquila</i>) is called also <i>whip ray</i>, and
<i>miller</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric ray</b></col>, or
<col><b>Cramp ray</b></col>, <cd>a torpedo.</cd> -- <col><b>Starry
ray</b></col>, <cd>a common European skate (<i>Raia radiata</i>).</cd>
-- <col><b>Sting ray</b></col>, <cd>any one of numerous species of
rays of the family <i>Trygonid&aelig;</i> having one or more large,
sharp, barbed dorsal spines on the whiplike tail.  Called also
<i>stingaree</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ra"yah</hw> (r&amacr;"y&adot; or r&auml;"y&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>ra'iyah</i> a herd, a subject, fr.
<i>ra'a</i> to pasture, guard.] <def>A person not a Mohammedan, who
pays the capitation tax.</def> [Turkey]</p>

<p><hw>Ray" grass`</hw> (r&amacr;" gr&adot;s`). [Etymol. of <i>ray</i>
is uncertain.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A perennial European grass
(<i>Lolium perenne</i>); -- called also <i>rye grass</i>, and <i>red
darnel</i>. See <u>Darnel</u>, and <u>Grass</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Italian</b></col> <col><b>ray</b>, or <b>rye</b></col>,
<col><b>grass</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Darnel</u>, and
<u>Grass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ray"less</hw> (r&amacr;"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Destitute of rays; hence, dark; not illuminated; blind; as, a
<i>rayless</i> sky; <i>rayless</i> eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ray"on</hw> (r&amacr;"&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Ray; beam.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ray"on*nant</hw> (r&amacr;"&obreve;n*n&abreve;nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Darting forth rays, as
the sun when it shines out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raze</hw> (r&amacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Race</u>.]
<def>A Shakespearean word (used once) supposed to mean the same as
<i>race</i>, a root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Razed</u> (r&amacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Razing</u>.] [F. <i>raser</i>. See <u>Rase</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>rase</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To erase; to efface; to obliterate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Razing</i> the characters of your
renown.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subvert from the foundation; to lay
level with the ground; to overthrow; to destroy; to
demolish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The royal hand that <i>razed</i> unhappy
Troy.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To demolish; level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert;
destroy; ruin. See <u>Demolish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Razed</hw> (r&amacr;zd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slashed or
striped in patterns.</def> [Obs.] "Two Provincial roses on my
<i>razed</i> shoes."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra*zee"</hw> (r&adot;*z&emacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
vaisseau <i>ras&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>raser</i> to raze, to cut down
ships. See <u>Raze</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Rase</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An armed ship having her
upper deck cut away, and thus reduced to the next inferior rate, as a
seventy-four cut down to a frigate.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra*zee"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Razeed</u> (r&adot;*z&emacr;d"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Razeeing</u>.] <def>To cut down to a less number of
decks, and thus to an inferior rate or class, as a ship; hence, to
prune or abridge by cutting off or retrenching parts; as, to
<i>razee</i> a book, or an article.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"zor</hw> (r&amacr;"z&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>rasour</i>, OF. <i>rasur</i>, LL. <i>rasor</i>: cf. F.
<i>rasoir</i>, LL. <i>rasorium</i>. See <u>Raze</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, <u>Rase</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A keen-edged knife of peculiar shape, used in shaving the hair
from the face or the head.</def> "Take thee a barber's <i>razor</i>."
  <i>Ezek. v. 1.</i></p>

<p> --></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tusk of a wild
boar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Razor fish</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small Mediterranean fish (<i>Coryph&aelig;na
novacula</i>), prized for the table</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
razor shell.</cd> -- <col><b>Razor grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a West Indian plant (<i>Scleria scindens</i>), the triangular stem
and the leaves of which are edged with minute sharp teeth.</cd> --
<col><b>Razor grinder</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European
goat-sucker.</cd> -- <col><b>Razor shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any marine bivalve shell belonging to Solen
and allied genera, especially <i>Solen, or Ensatella, ensis, &and;
Americana</i>, which have a long, narrow, somewhat curved shell,
resembling a razor handle in shape. Called also <i>razor clam</i>,
<i>razor fish</i>, <i>knife handle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Razor
stone</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Novaculite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Razor
strap</b></col>, or <col><b>Razor strop</b></col>, <cd>a strap or
strop used in sharpening razors.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ra"zor*a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ready for the razor; fit to be shaved.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ra"zor*back`</hw> (-b&abreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The rorqual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"zor-backed`</hw> (-b&abreve;kt`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a sharp, lean, or thin back; as, a
<i>razor-backed</i> hog, perch, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"zor*bill`</hw> (-b&ibreve;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A species of auk (<i>Alca
torda</i>) common in the Arctic seas. See <u>Auk</u>, and
<i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>See
<u>Cutwater</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"zure</hw> (r&amacr;"zh&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Rasure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of erasing or
effacing, or the state of being effaced; obliteration. See
<u>Rasure</u>.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An erasure; a change made by
erasing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Raz"zi*a</hw> (r&auml;"z&esl;*&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., fr. Ar. <i>gh&amacr;z&imacr;a</i> (pron. <i>razia</i> in
Algeria).] <def>A plundering and destructive incursion; a foray; a
raid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re-</hw> (r&emacr;-). [L. <i>re-</i>, older form (retained
before vowels) <i>red-</i>: cf. F. <i>re-</i>, <i>r&eacute;-</i>.]
<def>A prefix signifying <i>back</i>, <i>against</i>, <i>again</i>,
<i>anew</i>; as, <i>re</i>cline, to lean back; <i>re</i>call, to call
back; <i>re</i>cede; <i>re</i>move; <i>re</i>claim, to call out
against; <i>re</i>pugn, to fight against; <i>re</i>cognition, a
knowing again; <i>re</i>join, to join again; <i>re</i>iterate;
<i>re</i>assure. Combinations containing the prefix <i>re-</i> are
readily formed, and are for the most part of obvious
signification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re</hw> (r&amacr;). [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A syllable applied
in solmization to the second tone of the diatonic scale of C; in the
American system, to the second tone of any diatonic scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ab*sorb"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;b*s&ocirc;rb"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To absorb again; to draw in, or imbibe, again what
has been effused, extravasated, or thrown off; to swallow up again;
as, to <i>reabsorb</i> chyle, lymph, etc.; -- used esp. of
fluids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ab*sorp"tion</hw> (-s&ocirc;rp"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of reabsorbing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ac*cess"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;k*s&ebreve;s" or
r&esl;*&abreve;k"s&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second
access or approach; a return.</def>  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`ac*cuse"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;k*k&umacr;z"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To accuse again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reach</hw> (r&emacr;ch), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
retch.</def> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reach</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An effort to vomit.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Reach</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reached</u> (r&emacr;cht) (<u>Raught</u>, the old
preterit, is obsolete); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reaching</u>.] [OE. <i>rechen</i>, AS. <i>r&aemacr;can</i>,
<i>r&aemacr;cean</i>, to extend, stretch out; akin to D.
<i>reiken</i>, G. <i>reichen</i>, and possibly to AS.
<i>r&imacr;ce</i> powerful, rich, E. <i>rich</i>. &radic;115.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To extend; to stretch; to thrust out; to put
forth, as a limb, a member, something held, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her tresses yellow, and long straughten,<BR>
Unto her heeles down they <i>raughten</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rom. of
R.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reach</i> hither thy hand and thrust it into my
side.</blockquote> <i>John xx. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fruit trees, over woody, <i>reached</i> too far<BR>
Their pampered boughs.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to deliver by stretching out a
member, especially the hand; to give with the hand; to pass to
another; to hand over; as, to <i>reach</i> one a book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>reached</i> me a full cup.</blockquote> <i>2 Esd.
xiv. 39.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attain or obtain by stretching forth the
hand; to extend some part of the body, or something held by one, so as
to touch, strike, grasp, or the like; as, to <i>reach</i> an object
with the hand, or with a spear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O patron power, . . . thy present aid afford,<BR>
Than I may <i>reach</i> the beast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To strike, hit, or touch with a missile;
as, to <i>reach</i> an object with an arrow, a bullet, or a
shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to extend an action, effort, or
influence to; to penetrate to; to pierce, or cut, as far as.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If these examples of grown men <i>reach</i> not the
case of children, let them examine.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To extend to; to stretch out as far as; to
touch by virtue of extent; as, his land <i>reaches</i> the
river.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy desire . . . leads to no excess<BR>
That <i>reaches</i> blame.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To arrive at; to come to; to get as far
as.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before this letter <i>reaches</i> your
hands.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To arrive at by effort of any kind; to
attain to; to gain; to be advanced to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best account of the appearances of nature which
human penetration can <i>reach</i>, comes short of its
reality.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To understand; to comprehend.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Do what, sir? I <i>reach</i> you not.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To overreach; to deceive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reach</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
stretch out the hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Goddess humane, <i>reach</i>, then, and freely
taste!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strain after something; to make
efforts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reaching</i> above our nature does no
good.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To extend in dimension, time, amount,
action, influence, etc., so as to touch, attain to, or be equal to,
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And behold, a ladder set upon the earth, and the top of
it <i>reached</i> to heaven.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxviii. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The new world <i>reaches</i> quite across the torrid
zone.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To sail on the wind, as from
one point of tacking to another, or with the wind nearly
abeam.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To reach after</b></col> or <col><b>at</b></col>, <cd>to
make efforts to attain to or obtain.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He would be in the posture of the mind <i>reaching
after</i> a positive idea of infinity.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reach</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of stretching or extending; extension; power of reaching or
touching with the person, or a limb, or something held or thrown; as,
the fruit is beyond my <i>reach</i>; to be within <i>reach</i> of
cannon shot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power of stretching out or extending
action, influence, or the like; power of attainment or management;
extent of force or capacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drawn by others who had deeper <i>reaches</i> than
themselves to matters which they least intended.</blockquote>
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be sure yourself and your own <i>reach</i> to
know.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Extent; stretch; expanse; hence,
application; influence; result; scope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And on the left hand, hell,<BR>
With long <i>reach</i>, interposed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am to pray you not to strain my speech<BR>
To grosser issues, nor to larger <i>reach</i><BR>
Than to suspicion.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An extended portion of land or water; a
stretch; a straight portion of a stream or river, as from one turn to
another; a level stretch, as between locks in a canal; an arm of the
sea extending up into the land.</def> "The river's wooded
<i>reach</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The coast . . . is very full of creeks and
<i>reaches</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An artifice to obtain an
advantage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Duke of Parma had particular <i>reaches</i> and
ends of his own underhand to cross the design.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The pole or rod which connects the hind
axle with the forward bolster of a wagon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reach"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
within reach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reach"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who reaches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An exaggeration.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reach"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being beyond reach;
lofty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unto a <i>reachless</i> pitch of praises
hight.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*act"</hw> (r&emacr;*&abreve;kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To act or perform a second time; to do over again; as, to
<i>react</i> a play; the same scenes were <i>reacted</i> at
Rome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*act"</hw> (r&esl;*&abreve;kt"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To return an impulse or impression; to resist
the action of another body by an opposite force; as, every body
<i>reacts</i> on the body that impels it from its natural
state.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1194 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act upon each other; to exercise a
reciprocal or a reverse effect, as two or more chemical agents; to act
in opposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ac"tion</hw> (r&esl;*&abreve;k"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;action</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any action in resisting other action or force;
counter tendency; movement in a contrary direction; reverse
action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The mutual or reciprocal
action of chemical agents upon each other, or the action upon such
chemical agents of some form of energy, as heat, light, or
electricity, resulting in a chemical change in one or more of these
agents, with the production of new compounds or the manifestation of
distinctive characters. See <i>Blowpipe reaction</i>, <i>Flame
reaction</i>, under <u>Blowpipe</u>, and <u>Flame</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An action induced by vital
resistance to some other action; depression or exhaustion of vital
force consequent on overexertion or overstimulation; heightened
activity and overaction succeeding depression or shock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The force which a body
subjected to the action of a force from another body exerts upon the
latter body in the opposite direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reaction</i> is always equal and opposite to action,
that is to say, the actions of two bodies upon each other are always
equal and in opposite directions.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton (3d
Law of Motion).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Politics)</i> <def>Backward tendency or
movement after revolution, reform, or great progress in any
direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The new king had, at the very moment at which his fame
and fortune reached the highest point, predicted the coming
<i>reaction</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Reaction time</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>in nerve
physiology, the interval between the application of a stimulus to an
end organ of sense and the reaction or resulting movement; -- called
also <i>physiological time</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Reaction
wheel</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a water wheel driven by the
reaction of water, usually one in which the water, entering it
centrally, escapes at its periphery in a direction opposed to that of
its motion by orifices at right angles, or inclined, to its
radii.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*ac"tion*a*ry</hw> (-&asl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Being, causing, or favoring reaction; as, <i>reactionary</i>
movements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ac"tion*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Reactionaries</b></plw> (-r&ibreve;z). <def>One who favors
reaction, or seeks to undo political progress or revolution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ac"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
reactionary.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*act"ive</hw> (r&esl;*&abreve;kt"&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;actif</i>.] <def>Having power
to react; tending to reaction; of the nature of reaction.</def> --
<wf>Re*act"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*act"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Read</hw> (r&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rennet. See 3d
<u>Reed</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Read</hw> (r&emacr;d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Read</u> (r&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reading</u>.] [OE. <i>reden</i>, <i>r&aelig;den</i>,
AS. <i>r&aemacr;dan</i> to read, advise, counsel, fr.
<i>r&aemacr;d</i> advice, counsel, <i>r&aemacr;dan</i> (imperf.
<i>reord</i>) to advise, counsel, guess; akin to D. <i>raden</i> to
advise, G. <i>raten</i>, <i>rathen</i>, Icel. <i>r&amacr;&eth;a</i>,
Goth. <i>r&emacr;dan</i> (in comp.), and perh. also to Skr.
<i>r&amacr;dh</i> to succeed. &radic;116.  Cf. <u>Riddle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To advise; to counsel.</def> [Obs.] See
<u>Rede</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore, I <i>read</i> thee, get thee to God's word,
and thereby try all doctrine.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To interpret; to explain; as, to
<i>read</i> a riddle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To tell; to declare; to recite.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>read</i> how art thou named, and of what
kin.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To go over, as characters or words, and
utter aloud, or recite to one's self inaudibly; to take in the sense
of, as of language, by interpreting the characters with which it is
expressed; to peruse; as, to <i>read</i> a discourse; to <i>read</i>
the letters of an alphabet; to <i>read</i> figures; to <i>read</i> the
notes of music, or to <i>read</i> music; to <i>read</i> a
book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Redeth</i> [read ye] the great poet of
Itaille.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Well could he <i>rede</i> a lesson or a
story.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to know fully; to
comprehend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who is't can <i>read</i> a woman?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To discover or understand by characters,
marks, features, etc.; to learn by observation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An armed corse did lie,<BR>
In whose dead face he <i>read</i> great magnanimity.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those about her<BR>
From her shall <i>read</i> the perfect ways of honor.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To make a special study of, as by perusing
textbooks; as, to <i>read</i> theology or law.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To read one's self in</b></col>, <cd>to read aloud the
Thirty-nine Articles and the Declaration of Assent, -- required of a
clergyman of the Church of England when he first officiates in a new
benefice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Read</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
give advice or counsel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tell; to declare.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To perform the act of reading; to peruse,
or to go over and utter aloud, the words of a book or other like
document.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So they <i>read</i> in the book of the law of God
distinctly, and gave the sense.</blockquote> <i>Neh. viii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To study by reading; as, he <i>read</i> for
the bar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To learn by reading.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>read</i> of an Eastern king who put a judge
to death for an iniquitous sentence.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To appear in writing or print; to be
expressed by, or consist of, certain words or characters; as, the
passage <i>reads</i> thus in the early manuscripts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To produce a certain effect when read; as,
that sentence <i>reads</i> queerly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To read between the lines</b></col>, <cd>to infer something
different from what is plainly indicated; to detect the real meaning
as distinguished from the apparent meaning.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Read</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>r&aemacr;d</i> counsel,
fr. <i>r&aemacr;dan</i> to counsel. See <u>Read</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Saying; sentence; maxim; hence,
word; advice; counsel.  See <u>Rede</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [<u>Read</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<def>Reading.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One newswoman here lets magazines for a penny a
<i>read</i>.</blockquote> <i>Furnivall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Read</hw> (r&ebreve;d), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Read</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Read</hw> (r&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Instructed or
knowing by reading; versed in books; learned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A poet . . . well <i>read</i> in Longinus.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Read`a*bil"i*ty</hw>
(r&emacr;d`&adot;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state of being readable; readableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Read"a*ble</hw> (r&emacr;d"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Such as can be read; legible; fit or suitable to be read; worth
reading; interesting.</def> -- <wf>Read"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Read"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re`ad*dress"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;d*dr&ebreve;s"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To address a second time; -- often used
reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>readdressed</i> himself to her.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`a*dept"</hw> (-&adot;*d&ebreve;pt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>re-</i> + L. <i>adeptus</i>, p. p. of <i>adipisci</i> to
obtain.] <def>To regain; to recover.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re`a*dep"tion</hw> (-d&ebreve;p"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A regaining; recovery of something
lost.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Read"er</hw> (r&emacr;d"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>r&aemacr;dere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who reads.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One whose distinctive office is
to read prayers in a church.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(University
of Oxford, Eng.)</i> <def>One who reads lectures on scientific
subjects.</def> <i>Lyell.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A proof
reader.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>One who reads manuscripts
offered for publication and advises regarding their merit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who reads much; one who is
studious.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A book containing a selection of extracts
for exercises in reading; an elementary book for practice in a
language; a reading book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Read"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
reader.</def>  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Read"i*ly</hw> (r&ebreve;d"&ibreve;*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a ready manner;
quickly; promptly.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without delay or objection; without
reluctance; willingly; cheerfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>readily</i> we wish time spent
revoked!</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Read"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being ready; preparation; promptness; aptitude;
willingness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They received the word with all <i>readiness</i> of
mind.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii. 11.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Facility; quickness; expedition; promptitude;
promptness; aptitude; aptness; knack; skill; expertness; dexterity;
ease; cheerfulness. See <u>Facility</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Read"ing</hw> (r&emacr;d"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of one who reads; perusal; also,
printed or written matter to be read.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Study of books; literary scholarship; as, a
man of extensive <i>reading</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A lecture or prelection; public
recital.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Jews had their weekly <i>readings</i> of the
law.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The way in which anything reads; force of a
word or passage presented by a documentary authority; lection;
version.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Manner of reciting, or acting a part, on
the stage; way of rendering.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An observation read from the scale of a
graduated instrument; as, the <i>reading</i> of a barometer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reading of a bill</b></col> <i>(Legislation)</i>, <cd>its
formal recital, by the proper officer, before the House which is to
consider it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Read"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to the act of reading; used in reading.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Addicted to reading; as, a <i>reading</i>
community.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reading book</b></col>, <cd>a book for teaching reading; a
reader.</cd> -- <col><b>Reading desk</b></col>, <cd>a desk to support
a book while reading; esp., a desk used while reading the service in a
church.</cd> -- <col><b>Reading glass</b></col>, <cd>a large lens with
more or less magnifying power, attached to a handle, and used in
reading, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Reading man</b></col>, <cd>one who reads
much; hence, in the English universities, a close, industrious
student.</cd> -- <col><b>Reading room</b></col>, <cd>a room
appropriated to reading; a room provided with papers, periodicals, and
the like, to which persons resort.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re`ad*journ"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;d*j&ucirc;rn"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To adjourn a second time; to adjourn
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ad*journ"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of readjourning; a second or repeated
adjournment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ad*just"</hw> (-j&ubreve;st"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To adjust or settle again; to put in a different order or
relation; to rearrange.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ad*just"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, readjusts; in some of the States of the United
States, one who advocates a refunding, and sometimes a partial
repudiation, of the State debt without the consent of the State's
creditors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ad*just"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A second adjustment; a new or different adjustment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ad*mis"sion</hw> (-m&ibreve;sh"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of admitting again, or the state of
being readmitted; as, the <i>readmission</i> of fresh air into an
exhausted receiver; the <i>readmission</i> of a student into a
seminary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ad*mit"</hw> (-m&ibreve;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
admit again; to give entrance or access to again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose ear is ever open, and his eye<BR>
Gracious to <i>readmit</i> the suppliant.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`ad*mit"tance</hw> (-t<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Allowance to enter again; a second admission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`a*dopt"</hw> (r&emacr;`&adot;*d&obreve;pt"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To adopt again.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`a*dorn"</hw> (-d&ocirc;rn"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
adorn again or anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ad*vance"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;d*v&adot;ns"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To advance again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ad*vert"en*cy</hw> (-v&etilde;rt"<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of adverting to again, or of
reviewing.</def> [R.]  <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Read"y</hw> (r&ebreve;d"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Readier</u> (-&ibreve;*&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Readiest</u>.] [AS. <i>r&aemacr;de</i>;
akin to D. ge<i>reed</i>, be<i>reid</i>, G. be<i>reit</i>, Goth.
ga<i>r&aacute;ids</i> fixed, arranged, and possibly to E. <i>ride</i>,
as meaning originally, prepared for riding.  Cf. <u>Array</u>, 1st
<u>Curry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Prepared for what one is about
to do or experience; equipped or supplied with what is needed for some
act or event; prepared for immediate movement or action; as, the
troops are <i>ready</i> to march; <i>ready</i> for the journey.</def>
"When she <i>redy</i> was."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fitted or arranged for immediate use;
causing no delay for lack of being prepared or furnished.</def>
"Dinner was <i>ready</i>."  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My oxen and my fatlings are killed, and all things are
<i>ready</i>: come unto the marriage.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxii.
4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Prepared in mind or disposition; not
reluctant; willing; free; inclined; disposed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>ready</i> not to be bound only, but also to die
at Jerusalem, for the name of the Lord Jesus.</blockquote> <i>Acts
xxi. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If need be, I am <i>ready</i> to forego<BR>
And quit.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not slow or hesitating; quick in action or
perception of any kind; dexterous; prompt; easy; expert; as, a
<i>ready</i> apprehension; <i>ready</i> wit; a <i>ready</i> writer or
workman.</def> "<i>Ready</i> in devising expedients."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gurth, whose temper was <i>ready</i>, though
surly.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Offering itself at once; at hand;
opportune; convenient; near; easy.</def> "The <i>readiest</i> way."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sapling pine he wrenched from out the ground,<BR>
The <i>readiest</i> weapon that his fury found.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>On the point; about; on the brink; near; --
with a following infinitive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My heart is <i>ready</i> to crack.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A word of command, or a
position, in the manual of arms, at which the piece is cocked and held
in position to execute promptly the next command, which is,
<i>aim</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>All ready</b></col>, <cd>ready in every particular; wholly
equipped or prepared.</cd> "[I] am <i>all redy</i> at your hest."
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Ready money</b></col>, <cd>means of
immediate payment; cash.</cd> "'T is all the <i>ready money</i> fate
can give." <i>Cowley.</i> -- <col><b>Ready reckoner</b></col>, <cd>a
book of tables for facilitating computations, as of interest, prices,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To make ready</b></col>, <cd>to make preparation;
to get in readiness.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prompt; expeditious; speedy; unhesitating;
dexterous; apt; skillful; handy; expert; facile; easy; opportune;
fitted; prepared; disposed; willing; free; cheerful. See
<u>Prompt</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Read"y</hw> (r&ebreve;d"&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a state of preparation for immediate action; so as to need no
delay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We ourselves will go <i>ready</i> armed.</blockquote>
<i>Num. xxxii. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Read"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ready money; cash; --
commonly with <i>the</i>; as, he was well supplied with the
<i>ready</i>.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lord Strut was not flush in <i>ready</i>, either to go
to law, or to clear old debts.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Read"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dispose in
order.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Read"y-made`</hw> (-m&amacr;d`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made
already, or beforehand, in anticipation of need; not made to order;
as, <i>ready-made</i> clothing; <i>ready-made</i> jokes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Read"y-wit`ted</hw> (-w&ibreve;t`t&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having ready wit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`af*firm"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;f*f&etilde;rm"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To affirm again.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re`af*firm"ance</hw>
(r&emacr;`&abreve;f*f&etilde;rm"<i>a</i>ns),
<hw>Re*af`fir*ma"tion</hw>
(r&emacr;*&abreve;f`f&etilde;r*m&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second affirmation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`af*for"est</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;f*f&obreve;r"&ebreve;st),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convert again into a forest, as a
region of country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`af*for`es*ta"tion</hw> (-&ebreve;s*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of converting again into
a forest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*a"gent</hw> (r&esl;*&amacr;"j<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance capable of
producing with another a reaction, especially when employed to detect
the presence of other bodies; a test.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ag`gra*va"tion</hw> (-
&abreve;g`gr&adot;*v&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R.
C. Ch.)</i> <def>The last monitory, published after three admonitions
and before the last excommunication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`a*gree"</hw> (r&emacr;`&adot;*gr&emacr;"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To agree again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reak</hw> (r&emacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [&radic;115. Cf.
<u>Wrack</u> seaweed.] <def>A rush.</def> [Obs.] "Feeds on
<i>reaks</i> and reeds."  <i>Drant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>hrekkr</i>, or E.
<i>wreak</i> vengeance.] <def>A prank.</def> [Obs.] "They play such
<i>reaks</i>."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"al</hw> (r&emacr;"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr.
<i>real</i> royal, L. <i>regalis</i>. See <u>Regal</u>, and cf.
<u>Ree</u> a coin.] <def>A small Spanish silver coin; also, a
denomination of money of account, formerly the unit of the Spanish
monetary system.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>real of plate</i> (coin) varied in value according to
the time of its coinage, from 12&frac12; down to 10 cents, or from
6&frac12; to 5 pence sterling. The <i>real vellon</i>, or money of
account, was nearly equal to five cents, or 2&frac12; pence sterling.
In 1871 the coinage of Spain was assimilated to that of the Latin
Union, of which the franc is the unit.</p>

<p><hw>Re*al"</hw> (r&asl;*&auml;l"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Royal;
regal; kingly.</def> [Obs.] "The blood <i>real</i> of Thebes."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"al</hw> (r&emacr;"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>realis</i>, fr. L. <i>res</i>, <i>rei</i>, a thing: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;el</i>.  Cf. <u>Rebus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Actually being or existing; not fictitious or imaginary; as, a
description of <i>real</i> life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereat I waked, and found<BR>
Before mine eyes all <i>real</i>, as the dream<BR>
Had lively shadowed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>True; genuine; not artificial, counterfeit,
or factitious; often opposed to <i>ostensible</i>; as, the <i>real</i>
reason; <i>real</i> Madeira wine; <i>real</i> ginger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose perfection far excelled<BR>
Hers in all <i>real</i> dignity.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relating to things, not to persons.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many are perfect in men's humors that are not greatly
capable of the <i>real</i> part of business.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>Having an assignable
arithmetical or numerical value or meaning; not imaginary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Pertaining to things fixed,
permanent, or immovable, as to lands and tenements; as, <i>real</i>
property, in distinction from <i>personal</i> or <i>movable</i>
property.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chattels real</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>such chattels as
are annexed to, or savor of, the realty, as terms for years of land.
See <u>Chattel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Real action</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an action for the recovery of real property.</cd> --
<col><b>Real assets</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>lands or real estate
in the hands of the heir, chargeable with the debts of the
ancestor.</cd> -- <col><b>Real composition</b></col> <i>(Eccl.
Law)</i>, <cd>an agreement made between the owner of lands and the
parson or vicar, with consent of the ordinary, that such lands shall
be discharged from payment of tithes, in consequence of other land or
recompense given to the parson in lieu and satisfaction thereof.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Real estate</b></col> or
<col><b>property</b></col>, <cd>lands, tenements, and hereditaments;
freehold interests in landed property; property in houses and
land.</cd> <i>Kent.</i> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Real
presence</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>the actual presence of the
body and blood of Christ in the eucharist, or the conversion of the
substance of the bread and wine into the real body and blood of
Christ; transubstantiation. In other churches there is a belief in a
form of real presence, not however in the sense of
<i>transubstantiation</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Real servitude</b></col>,
<i>called also</i> <col><b>Predial servitude</b></col> <i>(Civil
Law)</i>, <cd>a burden imposed upon one estate in favor of another
estate of another proprietor.</cd> <i>Erskine.</i> <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Actual; true; genuine; authentic.  -- <u>Real</u>,
<u>Actual</u>. <i>Real</i> represents a thing to be a substantive
existence; as, a <i>real</i>, not imaginary, occurrence. <i>Actual</i>
refers to it as acted or performed; and, hence, when we wish to prove
a thing <i>real</i>, we often say, "It <i>actually</i> exists," "It
has <i>actually</i> been done." Thus its <i>reality</i> is shown by
its <i>actuality</i>. <i>Actual</i>, from this reference to being
<i>acted</i>, has recently received a new signification, namely,
<i>present</i>; as, the <i>actual</i> posture of affairs; since what
is now in <i>action</i>, or going on, has, of course, a <i>present</i>
existence. An <i>actual</i> fact; a <i>real</i> sentiment.</p>

<p><blockquote>For he that but conceives a crime in thought,<BR>
Contracts the danger of an <i>actual</i> fault.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our simple ideas are all <i>real</i>; all agree to the
<i>reality</i> of things.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i><BR>
</p>

<p><! p. 1195 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>Re"al</hw> (r&emacr;"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
realist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*al"gar</hw> (r&esl;*&abreve;l"g&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;algar</i>, Sp. <i>rejalgar</i>,
Ar. <i>rahj al gh&amacr;r</i> powder of the mine.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Arsenic sulphide, a mineral of a brilliant red color; red
orpiment. It is also an artificial product.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"al*ism</hw> (r&emacr;"<i>a</i>l*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;alisme</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>As
opposed to <i>nominalism</i>, the doctrine that genera and species are
real things or entities, existing independently of our conceptions.
According to realism the Universal exists <i>ante rem</i>
(<i>Plato</i>), or <i>in re</i> (<i>Aristotle</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>As opposed to <i>idealism</i>, the doctrine
that in sense perception there is an immediate cognition of the
external object, and our knowledge of it is not mediate and
representative.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Art &amp; Lit.)</i> <def>Fidelity to nature or
to real life; representation without idealization, and making no
appeal to the imagination; adherence to the actual fact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;aliste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>One
who believes in realism; esp., one who maintains that <i>generals</i>,
or the terms used to denote the genera and species of things,
represent real existences, and are not mere names, as maintained by
the <i>nominalists</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Art. &amp; Lit.)</i> <def>An artist or writer
who aims at realism in his work. See <u>Realism</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`al*is"tic</hw> (-&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to the realists; in the manner of the realists;
characterized by realism rather than by imagination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`al*is"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
realistic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*al"i*ty</hw> (r&esl;*&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Realities</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z). [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;alit&eacute;</i>, LL.
<i>realitas</i>. See 3d <u>Real</u>, and cf. 2d <u>Realty</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being real; actual
being or existence of anything, in distinction from mere appearance;
fact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man fancies that he understands a critic, when in
<i>reality</i> he does not comprehend his meaning.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is real; an actual existence;
that which is not imagination, fiction, or pretense; that which has
objective existence, and is not merely an idea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And to <i>realities</i> yield all her
shows.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My neck may be an idea to you, but it is a
<i>reality</i> to me.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [See 1st <u>Realty</u>, 2.] <def>Loyalty;
devotion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To express our <i>reality</i> to the
emperor.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>See 2d <u>Realty</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"al*i`za*ble</hw> (r&emacr;"<i>a</i>l*&imacr;`z&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being realized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`al*i*za"tion</hw> (-&ibreve;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;alisation</i>.] <def>The act
of realizing, or the state of being realized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"al*ize</hw> (r&emacr;"<i>a</i>l*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Realized</u> (-
&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Realizing</u> (-
&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;aliser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make real; to convert from the imaginary or
fictitious into the actual; to bring into concrete existence; to
effectuate; to accomplish; as, to <i>realize</i> a scheme or
project.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>realize</i> what Archimedes had only in
hypothesis, weighing a single grain against the globe of
earth.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to seem real; to impress upon the
mind as actual; to feel vividly or strongly; to make one's own in
apprehension or experience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many coincidences . . . soon begin to appear in them
[Greek inscriptions] which <i>realize</i> ancient history to
us.</blockquote> <i>Jowett.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We can not <i>realize</i> it in thought, that the
object . . . had really no being at any past moment.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To convert into real property; to make real
estate of; as, to <i>realize</i> his fortune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To acquire as an actual possession; to
obtain as the result of plans and efforts; to gain; to get; as, to
<i>realize</i> large profits from a speculation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Knighthood was not beyond the reach of any man who
could by diligent thrift <i>realize</i> a good estate.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To convert into actual money; as, to
<i>realize</i> assets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"al*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To convert any
kind of property into money, especially property representing
investments, as shares in stock companies, bonds, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wary men took the alarm, and began to <i>realize</i>, a
word now first brought into use to express the conversion of ideal
property into something real.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"al*i`zer</hw> (-&imacr;`z&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who realizes.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"al*i`zing</hw> (-z&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Serving to make real, or to impress on the mind as a reality; as,
a <i>realizing</i> view of the danger incurred.</def> --
<wf>Re"al*i`zing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re`al*lege"</hw> (-&abreve;l*l&ebreve;j"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To allege again.</def>  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`al*li"ance</hw> (-l&imacr;"<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A renewed alliance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"-al*ly"</hw> (-l&imacr;"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>ally</i>, v. t.] <def>To bring together again; to
compose or form anew.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"al*ly`</hw> (r&amacr;"&auml;l*l&emacr;`),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Royally.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"al*ly</hw> (r&emacr;"<i>a</i>l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a real manner; with or in reality;
actually; in truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose anger is <i>really</i> but a short fit of
madness.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Really</i> is often used familiarly as a slight
corroboration of an opinion or a declaration.</p>

<p><blockquote>Why, <i>really</i>, sixty-five is somewhat
old.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Realm</hw> (r&ebreve;lm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>realme</i>, <i>ream</i>, <i>reaume</i>, OF. <i>reialme</i>,
<i>roialme</i>, F. <i>royaume</i>, fr. (assumed) LL. <i>regalimen</i>,
from L. <i>regalis</i> royal. See <u>Regal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A royal jurisdiction or domain; a region which is under the
dominion of a king; a kingdom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The absolute master of <i>realms</i> on which the sun
perpetually shone.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, in general, province; region;
country; domain; department; division; as, the <i>realm</i> of
fancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Realm"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
realm.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"al*ness</hw> (r&emacr;"<i>a</i>l*n&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or condition of being real;
reality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"al*ty</hw> (-t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>r&eacute;alt&eacute;</i>, LL. <i>regalitas</i>, fr. L.
<i>regalis</i>. See <u>Regal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Royalty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Loyalty; faithfulness.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"al*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from 1st
<u>Reality</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Reality.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Immobility, or the fixed, permanent nature of real property; as,
chattels which savor of the <i>realty</i>; -- so written in legal
language for <i>reality</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Real
estate; a piece of real property.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ream</hw> (r&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>re&aacute;m</i>, akin to G. <i>rahm</i>.] <def>Cream; also, the
cream or froth on ale.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Ream</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cream; to
mantle.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A huge pewter measuring pot which, in the language of
the hostess, <i>reamed</i> with excellent claret.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ream</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Reim</u>.] <def>To
stretch out; to draw out into thongs, threads, or filaments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ream</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>reme</i>, OF.
<i>rayme</i>, F. <i>rame</i> (cf. Sp. <i>resma</i>), fr. Ar.
<i>rizma</i> a bundle, especially of paper.] <def>A bundle, package,
or quantity of paper, usually consisting of twenty quires or 480
sheets.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Printer's ream</b></col>, <cd>twenty-one and a half quires.
[Eng.] A common practice is now to count five hundred sheets to the
<i>ream</i>.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ream</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reamed</u> (r&emacr;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reaming</u>.] [Cf. G. <i>r&auml;umen</i> to remove, to
clear away, fr. <i>raum</i> room. See <u>Room</u>.] <def>To bevel out,
as the mouth of a hole in wood or metal; in modern usage, to enlarge
or dress out, as a hole, with a reamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reame</hw> (r&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Realm.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ream"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, reams; specifically, an instrument with cutting or
scraping edges, used, with a twisting motion, for enlarging a round
hole, as the bore of a cannon, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*am`pu*ta"tion</hw>
(r&emacr;*&abreve;m`p&usl;*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The second of two amputations performed upon the
same member.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*an"i*mate</hw> (r&esl;*&abreve;n"&ibreve;*m&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To animate anew; to restore to animation
or life; to infuse new life, vigor, spirit, or courage into; to
revive; to reinvigorate; as, to <i>reanimate</i> a drowned person; to
<i>reanimate</i> disheartened troops; to <i>reanimate</i> languid
spirits.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*an`i*ma"tion</hw> (-m&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or operation of reanimating, or the
state of being reanimated; reinvigoration; revival.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`an*nex"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;n*n&ebreve;ks"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To annex again or anew; to reunite.</def> "To
<i>reannex</i> that duchy."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*an`nex*a"tion</hw> (-&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of reannexing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*an"swer</hw> (r&esl;*&abreve;n"s&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> <def>To answer in return; to repay; to compensate; to
make amends for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which in weight to <i>reanswer</i>, his pettiness would
bow under.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reap</hw> (r&emacr;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reaped</u> (r&emacr;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reaping</u>.] [OE. <i>repen</i>, AS.
<i>r&imacr;pan</i> to seize, reap; cf. D. <i>rapen</i> to glean, reap,
G. <i>raufen</i> to pluck, Goth. <i>raupjan</i>, or E. <i>ripe</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut with a sickle, scythe, or reaping
machine, as grain; to gather, as a harvest, by cutting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When ye <i>reap</i> the harvest of your land, thou
shalt not wholly reap the corners of thy field.</blockquote> <i>Lev.
xix. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gather; to obtain; to receive as a
reward or harvest, or as the fruit of labor or of works; -- in a good
or a bad sense; as, to <i>reap</i> a benefit from exertions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why do I humble thus myself, and, suing<BR>
For peace, <i>reap</i> nothing but repulse and hate?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To clear of a crop by reaping; as, to
<i>reap</i> a field.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the beard; to shave.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Reaping hook</b></col>, <cd>an implement having a hook-
shaped blade, used in reaping; a sickle; -- in a specific sense,
distinguished from a sickle by a blade keen instead of
serrated.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Reap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform the act or
operation of reaping; to gather a harvest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that sow in tears shall <i>reap</i> in
joy.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxvi. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>r&imacr;p</i>
harvest. See <u>Reap</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A bundle of
grain; a handful of grain laid down by the reaper as it is cut.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reap"er</hw> (r&emacr;p"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who reaps.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun-burned <i>reapers</i> wiping their
foreheads.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reaping machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ap*par"el</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;p*p&abreve;r"&ebreve;l),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clothe again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ap*pear"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;p*p&emacr;r"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To appear again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ap*pear"ance</hw> (-<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
second or new appearance; the act or state of appearing
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ap`pli*ca"tion</hw>
(r&emacr;*&abreve;p`pl&ibreve;*k&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of reapplying, or the state of being
reapplied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ap*ply"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;p*pl&imacr;"), <pos><i>v. t.
& i.</i></pos> <def>To apply again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ap*point"</hw> (-point"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
appoint again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ap*point"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of reappointing, or the state of being
reappointed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ap*por"tion</hw> (-p&omacr;r"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To apportion again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ap*por"tion*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A second or a new apportionment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ap*proach"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;p*pr&omacr;ch"),
<pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To approach again or anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rear</hw> (r&emacr;r), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Early;
soon.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then why does Cuddy leave his cot so
<i>rear</i>?</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>riere</i> behind,
backward, fr. L. <i>retro</i>.  Cf. <u>Arrear</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The back or hindmost part; that which is behind, or last in
order; -- opposed to <i>front</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nipped with the lagging <i>rear</i> of winter's
frost.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the part of an army or fleet
which comes last, or is stationed behind the rest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the fierce foe hung on our broken
<i>rear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rear</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being behind, or in the
hindmost part; hindmost; as, the <i>rear</i> rank of a
company.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rear admiral</b></col>, <cd>an officer in the navy, next in
rank below a vice admiral and above a commodore. See
<u>Admiral</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rear front</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>the rear rank of a body of troops when faced about and standing in
that position.</cd> -- <col><b>Rear guard</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>the division of an army that marches in the rear of the main body
to protect it; -- used also figuratively.</cd> -- <col><b>Rear
line</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the line in the rear of an
army.</cd> -- <col><b>Rear rank</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the rank
or line of a body of troops which is in the rear, or last in
order.</cd> -- <col><b>Rear sight</b></col> <i>(Firearms)</i>, <cd>the
sight nearest the breech.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring up the
rear</b></col>, <cd>to come last or behind.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rear</hw> (r&emacr;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place in
the rear; to secure the rear of.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reared</u> (r&emacr;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rearing</u>.] [AS. <i>r&aemacr;ran</i> to raise, rear,
elevate, for <i>r&aemacr;san</i>, causative of <i>r&imacr;san</i> to
rise. See <u>Rise</u>, and cf. <u>Raise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To raise; to lift up; to cause to rise, become erect, etc.; to
elevate; as, to <i>rear</i> a monolith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In adoration at his feet I fell<BR>
Submiss; he <i>reared</i> me.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>reareth</i> our hearts from vain
thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mine [shall be] the first hand to <i>rear</i> her
banner.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To erect by building; to set up; to
construct; as, to <i>rear</i> defenses or houses; to <i>rear</i> one
government on the ruins of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>reared</i> a font of stone.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lift and take up.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And having her from Trompart lightly <i>reared</i>,<BR>
Upon his courser set the lovely load.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bring up to maturity, as young; to
educate; to instruct; to foster; as, to <i>rear</i>
offspring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He wants a father to protect his youth,<BR>
And <i>rear</i> him up to virtue.</blockquote> <i>Southern.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To breed and raise; as, to <i>rear</i>
cattle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To rouse; to stir up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And seeks the tusky boar to <i>rear</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To lift; elevate; erect; raise; build; establish.
See the Note under <u>Raise</u>, 3 <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>.</p>

<p><hw>Rear</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rise up on the hind
legs, as a horse; to become erect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rearing bit</b></col>, <cd>a bit designed to prevent a
horse from lifting his head when rearing.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rear"dorse</hw> (-d&ocirc;rs), <hw>Rear"doss</hw> (-
d&obreve;s) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A reredos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rear"er</hw> (r&emacr;r"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, rears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ar"gue</hw> (r&emacr;*&auml;r"g&umacr;), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To argue anew or again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ar"gu*ment</hw> (-g&usl;*m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An arguing over again, as of a motion made in court.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rear"-horse`</hw> (r&emacr;r"h&ocirc;rs`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[So called because it <i>rears</i> up when disturbed.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mantis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rear"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Early.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rear"most`</hw> (-m&omacr;st`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Farthest in the rear; last.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rear"mouse`</hw>, <hw>Rere"mouse`</hw> (-mous`) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hr&emacr;rem&umacr;s</i>; probably fr.
<i>hr&emacr;ran</i> to agitate, stir (akin to G. <i>r&uuml;hren</i>,
Icel. <i>hr&aelig;ra</i>) + <i>m&umacr;s</i> mouse.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The leather-winged bat (<i>Vespertilio
murinus</i>).</def> [Written also <i>reermouse</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Re`ar*range"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;r*r&amacr;nj"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To arrange again; to arrange in a different
way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ar*range"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of rearranging, or the state of being
rearranged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rear"ward`</hw> (r&emacr;r"w&add;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Rear</i> + <i>ward</i>.] <def>The last troop; the rear of an army;
a rear guard. Also used figuratively.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rear"ward</hw> (-w&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos>
<def>At or toward the rear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*cend"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;s*s&ebreve;nd"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To rise, mount, or climb again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*cend"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ascend or
mount again; to reach by ascending again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He mounts aloft, and <i>reascends</i> the
skies.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*cen"sion</hw> (-s&ebreve;n"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of reascending; a
remounting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*cent"</hw> (-s&ebreve;nt"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
returning ascent or ascension; acclivity.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rea"son</hw> (r&emacr;"z'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>resoun</i>, F. <i>raison</i>, fr. L. <i>ratio</i> (akin to Goth.
<i>ra&thorn;j&omacr;</i> number, account, ga<i>ra&thorn;jan</i> to
count, G. <i>rede</i> speech, <i>reden</i> to speak), fr. <i>reri</i>,
<i>ratus</i>, to reckon, believe, think.  Cf. <u>Arraign</u>,
<u>Rate</u>, <u>Ratio</u>, <u>Ration</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thought or a consideration offered in support of a determination or an
opinion; a just ground for a conclusion or an action; that which is
offered or accepted as an explanation; the efficient cause of an
occurrence or a phenomenon; a motive for an action or a determination;
proof, more or less decisive, for an opinion or a conclusion;
principle; efficient cause; final cause; ground of argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll give him <i>reasons</i> for it.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>reason</i> of the motion of the balance in a
wheel watch is by the motion of the next wheel.</blockquote> <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>reason</i> did the ancient fathers render, why
the church was called "catholic."</blockquote> <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Virtue and vice are not arbitrary things; but there is
a natural and eternal <i>reason</i> for that goodness and virtue, and
against vice and wickedness.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The faculty or capacity of the human mind
by which it is distinguished from the intelligence of the inferior
animals; the higher as distinguished from the lower cognitive
faculties, sense, imagination, and memory, and in contrast to the
feelings and desires. <i>Reason</i> comprises conception, judgment,
reasoning, and the intuitional faculty. Specifically, it is the
intuitional faculty, or the faculty of first truths, as distinguished
from the understanding, which is called the <i>discursive</i> or
<i>ratiocinative</i> faculty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have no other faculties of perceiving or knowing
anything divine or human, but by our five senses and our
<i>reason</i>.</blockquote> <i>P. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In common and popular discourse, <i>reason</i> denotes
that power by which we distinguish truth from falsehood, and right
from wrong, and by which we are enabled to combine means for the
attainment of particular ends.</blockquote> <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reason</i> is used sometimes to express the whole of
those powers which elevate man above the brutes, and constitute his
rational nature, more especially, perhaps, his intellectual powers;
sometimes to express the power of deduction or
argumentation.</blockquote> <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By the pure <i>reason</i> I mean the power by which we
become possessed of principles.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sense perceives; the understanding, in its own
peculiar operation, conceives; the <i>reason</i>, or rationalized
understanding, comprehends.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1196 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Due exercise of the reasoning faculty;
accordance with, or that which is accordant with and ratified by, the
mind rightly exercised; right intellectual judgment; clear and fair
deductions from true principles; that which is dictated or supported
by the common sense of mankind; right conduct; right; propriety;
justice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was promised, on a time,<BR>
To have <i>reason</i> for my rhyme.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But law in a free nation hath been ever public
<i>reason</i>; the enacted <i>reason</i> of a parliament, which he
denying to enact, denies to govern us by that which ought to be our
law; interposing his own private <i>reason</i>, which to us is no
law.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The most probable way of bringing France to
<i>reason</i> would be by the making an attempt on the Spanish West
Indies.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Ratio; proportion.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>By reason of</b></col>, <cd>by means of; on account of;
because of.</cd> "Spain is thin sown of people, partly <i>by reason
of</i> the sterility of the soil." <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>In
reason</b></col>, <col><b>In all reason</b></col>, <cd>in justice;
with rational ground; in a right view.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>When anything is proved by as good arguments as a thing
of that kind is capable of, we ought not, <i>in reason</i>, to doubt
of its existence.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>It is reason</b></col>, <cd>it is reasonable; it is
right.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet <i>it were</i> great <i>reason</i>, that those that
have children should have greatest care of future times.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Motive; argument; ground; consideration; principle;
sake; account; object; purpose; design. See <u>Motive</u>,
<u>Sense</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rea"son</hw> (r&emacr;"z'n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reasoned</u> (-z'nd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reasoning</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>raisonner</i>.
See <u>Reason</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
exercise the rational faculty; to deduce inferences from premises; to
perform the process of deduction or of induction; to ratiocinate; to
reach conclusions by a systematic comparison of facts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To carry on a process of deduction
or of induction, in order to convince or to confute; to formulate and
set forth propositions and the inferences from them; to
argue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stand still, that I may <i>reason</i> with you, before
the Lord, of all the righteous acts of the Lord.</blockquote> <i>1
Sam. xii. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To converse; to compare opinions.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rea"son</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To arrange and present the reasons for or against; to examine or
discuss by arguments; to debate or discuss; as, I <i>reasoned</i> the
matter with my friend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When they are clearly discovered, well digested, and
well <i>reasoned</i> in every part, there is beauty in such a
theory.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To support with reasons, as a
request.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To persuade by reasoning or argument; as,
to <i>reason</i> one into a belief; to <i>reason</i> one out of his
plan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men that will not be <i>reasoned</i> into their
senses.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To overcome or conquer by adducing reasons;
-- with <i>down</i>; as, to <i>reason</i> down a passion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To find by logical processes; to explain or
justify by reason or argument; -- usually with <i>out</i>; as, to
<i>reason</i> out the causes of the librations of the moon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rea"son*a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>resonable</i>, F. <i>raisonnable</i>, fr. L. <i>rationabilis</i>.
See <u>Reason</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the faculty of reason; endued with reason; rational; as, a
<i>reasonable</i> being.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Governed by reason; being under the
influence of reason; thinking, speaking, or acting rationally, or
according to the dictates of reason; agreeable to reason; just;
rational; as, the measure must satisfy all <i>reasonable</i>
men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By indubitable certainty, I mean that which doth not
admit of any <i>reasonable</i> cause of doubting.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men have no right to what is not
<i>reasonable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not excessive or immoderate; within due
limits; proper; as, a <i>reasonable</i> demand, amount,
price.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let . . . all things be thought upon<BR>
That may, with <i>reasonable</i> swiftness, add<BR>
More feathers to our wings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rational; just; honest; equitable; fair; suitable;
moderate; tolerable. See <u>Rational</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rea"son*a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Reasonably;
tolerably.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have a <i>reasonable</i> good ear in
music.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rea"son*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being reasonable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rea"son*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a reasonable manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moderately; tolerably.</def>
"<i>Reasonably</i> perfect in the language."  <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rea"son*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
reasons or argues; as, a fair <i>reasoner</i>; a close
<i>reasoner</i>; a logical <i>reasoner</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rea"son*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of adducing a reason or reasons; manner of
presenting one's reasons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is offered in argument; proofs
or reasons when arranged and developed; course of argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>reasoning</i> was sufficiently
profound.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Argumentation; argument.  -- <u>Reasoning</u>,
<u>Argumentation</u>. Few words are more interchanged than these; and
yet, technically, there is a difference between them. <i>Reasoning</i>
is the broader term, including both deduction and induction.
<i>Argumentation</i> denotes simply the former, and descends from the
whole to some included part; while <i>reasoning</i> embraces also the
latter, and ascends from the parts to a whole. See <u>Induction</u>.
<i>Reasoning</i> is occupied with ideas and their relations;
<i>argumentation</i> has to do with the forms of logic. A thesis is
set down: you attack, I defend it; you insist, I reply; you deny, I
prove; you distinguish, I destroy your distinctions; my replies
balance or overturn your objections. Such is <i>argumentation</i>. It
supposes that there are two sides, and that both agree to the same
rules. <i>Reasoning</i>, on the other hand, is often a natural
process, by which we form, from the general analogy of nature, or
special presumptions in the case, conclusions which have greater or
less degrees of force, and which may be strengthened or weakened by
subsequent experience.</p>

<p><hw>Rea"son*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
rationalist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such persons are now commonly called
"<i>reasonists</i>" and "rationalists," to distinguish them from true
reasoners and rational inquirers.</blockquote> <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rea"son*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of reason; as, a <i>reasonless</i> man or mind.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Void of reason; not warranted or supported
by reason; unreasonable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This proffer is absurd and
<i>reasonless</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*sem"blage</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;s*s&ebreve;m"bl&asl;j),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Assemblage a second time or again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*sem"ble</hw> (-b'l), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
assemble again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*sert"</hw> (-s&etilde;rt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To assert again or anew; to maintain after an omission to do
so.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us hope . . . we may have a body of authors who
will <i>reassert</i> our claim to respectability in
literature.</blockquote> <i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*ser"tion</hw> (-s&etilde;r"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second or renewed assertion of the same
thing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*sess"ment</hw> (-s&ebreve;s"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A renewed or second assessment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*sign"</hw> (-s&imacr;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
assign back or again; to transfer back what has been
assigned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*sign"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of reassigning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*sim"i*late</hw> (-s&ibreve;m"&ibreve;*l&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To assimilate again.</def> --
<wf>Re`as*sim`i*la"tion</wf> (-l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*so"ci*ate</hw> (-s&omacr;"sh&ibreve;*&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To associate again; to bring again
into close relations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*sume"</hw> (-s&umacr;m"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
assume again or anew; to resume.</def> -- <wf>Re`as*sump"tion</wf> (-
s&ubreve;mp"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*sur"ance</hw> (r&emacr;`&adot;*sh&udd;r"<i>a</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Assurance or confirmation
renewed or repeated.</def>  <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Reinsurance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*sure"</hw> (r&emacr;`&adot;*sh&udd;r"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To assure anew; to restore
confidence to; to free from fear or terror.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They rose with fear, . . . <BR>
Till dauntless Pallas <i>reassured</i> the rest.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reinsure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`as*sur"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who reassures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reas"ty</hw> (r&emacr;s"t&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Etymol. uncertain.] <def>Rusty and rancid; -- applied to salt
meat.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] <i>Tusser.</i> --
<wf>Reas"ti*ness</wf> (-t&ibreve;*n&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Re*a"ta</hw> (r&asl;*&auml;"t&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Sp.] <def>A lariat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`at*tach"</hw> (r&emacr;`&abreve;t*t&abreve;ch"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To attach again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`at*tach"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of reattaching; a second attachment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`at*tain"</hw> (-t&amacr;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
attain again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`at*tain"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of reattaining.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`at*tempt"</hw> (-t&ebreve;mt"; 215), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To attempt again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"aume</hw> (r&emacr;"&add;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Realm.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>R&eacute;`au`mur"</hw> (r&asl;`&omacr;`m&usd;r"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Ren&eacute; Antoine
Ferchault de <i>R&eacute;aumur</i>; conformed to the scale adopted by
R&eacute;aumur in graduating the thermometer he invented.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A R&eacute;aumur thermometer or
scale.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>R&eacute;aumur thermometer</i> is so graduated that
0&deg; marks the freezing point and 80&deg; the boiling point of
water. Frequently indicated by R.  Cf. <u>Centigrade</u>, and
<u>Fahrenheit</u>. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Thermometer</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Reave</hw> (r&emacr;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reaved</u> (r&emacr;vd), <u>Reft</u> (r&ebreve;ft),
or <u>Raft</u> (r&adot;ft) (obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reaving</u>.] [AS. <i>re&aacute;fian</i>, from <i>re&aacute;f</i>
spoil, plunder, clothing, <i>re&oacute;fan</i> to break (cf.
<i>bire&oacute;fan</i> to deprive of); akin to G. <i>rauben</i> to
rob, Icel. <i>raufa</i> to rob, <i>rj&umacr;fa</i> to break, violate,
Goth. <i>bir&aacute;ub&omacr;n</i> to despoil, L. <i>rumpere</i> to
break; cf. Skr. <i>lup</i> to break. &radic;114.  Cf. <u>Bereave</u>,
<u>Rob</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Robe</u>, <u>Rove</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Rupture</u>.] <def>To take away by
violence or by stealth; to snatch away; to rob; to despoil; to
bereave. [Archaic]</def> "To <i>reave</i> his life."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He golden apples <i>raft</i> of the
dragon.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If the wooers <i>reave</i><BR>
By privy stratagem my life at home.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>reave</i> the orphan of his
patrimony.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The heathen caught and <i>reft</i> him of his
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reav"er</hw> (r&emacr;v"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who reaves.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Re`a*wake"</hw> (r&emacr;`&adot;*w&amacr;k"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To awake again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ban"ish</hw> (r&emacr;*b&abreve;n"&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To banish again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*bap"tism</hw> (r&emacr;*b&abreve;p"t&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second baptism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*bap`ti*za"tion</hw> (-t&ibreve;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>rebaptisation</i>.] <def>A second
baptism.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`bap*tize"</hw> (r&emacr;`b&abreve;p*t&imacr;z"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>baptize</i>: cf. F.
<i>rebaptiser</i>, L. <i>rebaptizare</i>.] <def>To baptize again or a
second time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`bap*tiz"er</hw> (-t&imacr;z"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who rebaptizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*bar"ba*rize</hw> (r&emacr;*b&auml;r"b&adot;*r&imacr;z),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reduce again to barbarism.</def> --
<wf>Re*bar`ba*ri*za"tion</wf> (-r&ibreve;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Germany . . . <i>rebarbarized</i> by polemical theology
and religious wars.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*bate"</hw> (r&esl;*b&amacr;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>rebattre</i> to beat again; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>battre</i> to
beat, L. <i>batuere</i> to beat, strike. See <u>Abate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat to obtuseness; to deprive of keenness;
to blunt; to turn back the point of, as a lance used for
exercise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But doth <i>rebate</i> and blunt his natural
edge.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deduct from; to make a discount from, as
interest due, or customs duties.</def>  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rebated cross</b></col>, <cd>a cross which has the
extremities of the arms bent back at right angles, as in the
fylfot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*bate"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To abate; to
withdraw.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*bate"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Diminution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Deduction; abatement; as, a
<i>rebate</i> of interest for immediate payment; a <i>rebate</i> of
importation duties.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*bate"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rabbet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A rectangular longitudinal
recess or groove, cut in the corner or edge of any body; a rabbet. See
<u>Rabbet</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of wood hafted into a long stick,
and serving to beat out mortar.</def>  <i>Elmes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An iron tool sharpened something like a
chisel, and used for dressing and polishing wood.</def>
<i>Elmes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Perhaps a different word.] <def>A kind of hard
freestone used in making pavements.</def> [R.]  <i>Elmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*bate"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut a rebate in.
See <u>Rabbet</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Re*bate"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>rabatement</i>, fr. <i>rabatre</i> to diminish, F.
<i>rabattre</i>.] <def>Same as 3d <u>Rebate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ba"to</hw> (r&esl;*b&amacr;"t&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Rabato</u>.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"bec</hw> (r&emacr;"b&ebreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. It. <i>ribeca</i>, <i>ribeba</i>, fr. Ar. <i>rab&amacr;b</i> a
musical instrument of a round form.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>An instrument formerly used which somewhat resembled the violin,
having three strings, and being played with a bow.</def> [Written also
<i>rebeck</i>.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He turn'd his <i>rebec</i> to a mournful
note.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contemptuous term applied to an old
woman.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reb"el</hw> (r&ebreve;b"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>rebelle</i>, fr. L. <i>rebellis</i>. See <u>Rebel</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>Pertaining to rebels or rebellion; acting in
revolt; rebellious; as, <i>rebel</i> troops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whoso be <i>rebel</i> to my judgment.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Convict by flight, and <i>rebel</i> to all
law.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reb"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rebelle</i>.] <def>One
who rebels.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Revolter; insurgent.  -- <u>Rebel</u>,
<u>Insurgent</u>. <i>Insurgent</i> marks an early, and <i>rebel</i> a
more advanced, stage of opposition to government. The former rises up
against his rulers, the latter makes war upon them.</p>

<p><hw>Re*bel"</hw> (r&esl;*b&ebreve;l"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rebelled</u> (-b&ebreve;ld);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rebelling</u>.] [F.
<i>rebeller</i>, fr. L. <i>rebellare</i> to make war again; pref.
<i>re-</i> again + <i>bellare</i> to make war, fr. <i>bellum</i> war.
See <u>Bellicose</u>, and cf. <u>Revel</u> to carouse.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To renounce, and resist by force, the
authority of the ruler or government to which one owes obedience. See
<u>Rebellion</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The murmur and the churls'
<i>rebelling</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye have builded you an altar, that ye might
<i>rebel</i> this day against the Lord.</blockquote> <i>Josh. xxii.
16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be disobedient to authority; to assume a
hostile or insubordinate attitude; to revolt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How could my hand <i>rebel</i> against my heart?<BR>
How could your heart <i>rebel</i> against your reason?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reb"el*dom</hw> (r&ebreve;b"&ebreve;l*d&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A region infested by rebels; rebels,
considered collectively; also, conduct or quality characteristic of
rebels.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*bel"ler</hw> (r&esl;*b&ebreve;l"l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who rebels; a rebel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*bel"lion</hw> (r&esl;*b&ebreve;l"y&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;bellion</i>, L. <i>rebellio</i>.
See <u>Rebel</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> Among the Romans rebellion
was originally a revolt or open resistance to their government by
nations that had been subdued in war. It was a renewed war.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rebelling; open and avowed
renunciation of the authority of the government to which one owes
obedience, and resistance to its officers and laws, either by levying
war, or by aiding others to do so; an organized uprising of subjects
for the purpose of coercing or overthrowing their lawful ruler or
government by force; revolt; insurrection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No sooner is the standard of <i>rebellion</i> displayed
than men of desperate principles resort to it.</blockquote>
<i>Ames.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Open resistance to, or defiance of, lawful
authority.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Commission of rebellion</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a
process of contempt issued on the nonappearance of a defendant, -- now
abolished.</cd>  <i>Wharton.</i>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insurrection; sedition; revolt; mutiny; resistance;
contumacy. See <u>Insurrection</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*bel"lious</hw> (r&esl;*b&ebreve;l"y&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Engaged in rebellion; disposed to rebel; of
the nature of rebels or of rebellion; resisting government or lawful
authority by force.</def> "Thy <i>rebellious</i> crew."  "Proud
<i>rebellious</i> arms." <i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Re*bel"lious*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Re*bel"lious*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*bel"low</hw> (r&emacr;*b&ebreve;l"l&osl;), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To bellow again; to repeat or echo a
bellow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cave <i>rebellowed</i>, and the temple
shook.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*bit"ing</hw> (r&emacr;*b&imacr;t"&ibreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Etching)</i> <def>The act or process of
deepening worn lines in an etched plate by submitting it again to the
action of acid.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*bloom"</hw> (r&emacr;*bl&oomac;m"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To bloom again.</def>  <i>Crabbe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*blos"som</hw> (r&emacr;*bl&obreve;s"s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To blossom again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*bo"ant</hw> (r&esl;*b&omacr;"<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>reboans</i>, p. pr. of <i>reboare</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>boare</i> to cry aloud.] <def>Rebellowing;
resounding loudly.</def> [R.]  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`bo*a"tion</hw> (r&emacr;`b&osl;*&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Repetition of a bellow.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Patrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*boil"</hw> (r&emacr;*boil"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>boil</i>: cf. F. <i>rebouillir</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To boil, or to cause to boil, again.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To make or to become hot.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some of his companions thereat
<i>reboyleth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*born"</hw> (r&emacr;*b&ocirc;rn"), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<def>Born again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*bound"</hw> (r&esl;*bound"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>bound</i>: cf. F. <i>rebondir</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To spring back; to start back; to be sent back or reverberated by
elastic force on collision with another body; as, a <i>rebounding</i>
echo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bodies which are absolutely hard, or so soft as to be
void of elasticity, will not <i>rebound</i> from one
another.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give back an echo.</def> [R.]  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bound again or repeatedly, as a
horse.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rebounding lock</b></col> <i>(Firearms)</i>, <cd>one in
which the hammer rebounds to half cock after striking the cap or
primer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*bound"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To send back; to
reverberate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Silenus sung; the vales his voice
<i>rebound</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*bound"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
rebounding; resilience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flew . . . back, as from a rock, with swift
<i>rebound</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*brace"</hw> (r&emacr;*br&amacr;s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To brace again.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*breathe"</hw> (r&emacr;*br&emacr;th"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To breathe again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*bu"cous</hw> (r&esl;*b&umacr;"k&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rebuking.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She gave unto him many <i>rebucous</i>
words.</blockquote> <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*buff"</hw> (r&esl;*b&ubreve;f"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>ribuffo</i>, akin to <i>ribuffare</i> to repulse; pref. <i>ri-</i>
(L. <i>re-</i>) + <i>buffo</i> puff.  Cf. <u>Buff</u> to strike,
<u>Buffet</u> a blow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Repercussion, or
beating back; a quick and sudden resistance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The strong <i>rebuff</i> of some tumultuous
cloud.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sudden check; unexpected repulse; defeat;
refusal; repellence; rejection of solicitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*buff"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rebuffed</u> (r&esl;*b&ubreve;ft"); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rebuffing</u>.] <def>To beat back; to offer sudden
resistance to; to check; to repel or repulse violently, harshly, or
uncourteously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*build"</hw> (r&emacr;*b&ibreve;ld"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To build again, as something which has been demolished; to
construct anew; as, to <i>rebuild</i> a house, a wall, a wharf, or a
city.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*build"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who rebuilds.</def>  <i>Bp. Bull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*buk"a*ble</hw> (r&esl;*b&umacr;k"&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy of rebuke or reprehension;
reprehensible.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*buke"</hw> (r&esl;*b&umacr;k"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rebuked</u> (-b&umacr;kt");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rebuking</u>.] [OF.
<i>rebouquier</i> to dull, blunt, F. <i>reboucher</i>; perhaps fr.
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>bouche</i> mouth, OF. also <i>bouque</i>, L.
<i>bucca</i> cheek; if so, the original sense was, to stop the mouth
of; hence, to stop, obstruct.] <def>To check, silence, or put down,
with reproof; to restrain by expression of disapprobation; to
reprehend sharply and summarily; to chide; to reprove; to
admonish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The proud he tamed, the penitent he cheered,<BR>
Nor to <i>rebuke</i> the rich offender feared.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reprove; chide; check; chasten; restrain;
silence. See <u>Reprove</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1197 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>Re*buke"</hw> (r&esl;*b&umacr;k"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A direct and pointed reproof; a reprimand;
also, chastisement; punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For thy sake I have suffered
<i>rebuke</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xv. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why bear you these <i>rebukes</i> and answer
not?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Check; rebuff.</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be without rebuke</b></col>, <cd>to live without giving
cause of reproof or censure; to be blameless.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*buke"ful</hw> (-f&usd;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing rebuke; of the nature of rebuke.</def> [Obs.] --
<wf>Re*buke"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*buk"er</hw> (-b&umacr;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who rebukes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*buk"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
rebuke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`bul*li"tion</hw>
(r&emacr;`b&ubreve;l*l&ibreve;sh"&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of boiling up or effervescing.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*bur"y</hw> (r&emacr;*b&ebreve;r"r&ybreve;), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To bury again.</def>  <i>Ashmole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"bus</hw> (r&emacr;"b&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Rebuses</b></plw> (-&ebreve;z). [L. <i>rebus</i> by
things, abl. pl. of <i>res</i> a thing: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;bus</i>.
Cf. 3d <u>Real</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mode of expressing
words and phrases by pictures of objects whose names resemble those
words, or the syllables of which they are composed; enigmatical
representation of words by figures; hence, a peculiar form of riddle
made up of such representations.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A gallant, in love with a woman named <i>Rose Hill</i>, had,
embroidered on his gown, a rose, a hill, an eye, a loaf, and a well,
signifying, <i>Rose Hill I love well</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A pictorial suggestion on a
coat of arms of the name of the person to whom it belongs. See
<i>Canting arms</i>, under <u>Canting</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"bus</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark or indicate
by a rebus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [John Morton] had a fair library <i>rebused</i> with
More in text and Tun under it.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*but"</hw> (r&esl;*b&ubreve;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rebutted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rebutting</u>.] [OF. <i>rebouter</i> to repulse, drive
back; pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>bouter</i> to push, thrust. See 1st
<u>Butt</u>, <u>Boutade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive or beat
back; to repulse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who him, rencount'ring fierce, as hawk in flight,<BR>
Perforce <i>rebutted</i> back.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To contradict, meet, or oppose
by argument, plea, or countervailing proof.</def>  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*but"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To retire; to recoil.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To make, or put in, an answer,
as to a plaintiff's surrejoinder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The plaintiff may answer the rejoinder by a
surrejoinder; on which the defendant may <i>rebut</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*but"ta*ble</hw> (-t&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being rebutted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*but"tal</hw> (-b&ubreve;t"t<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The giving of evidence on the part of a plaintiff to
destroy the effect of evidence introduced by the defendant in the same
suit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*but"ter</hw> (-t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The answer of a defendant in matter of fact to a
plaintiff's surrejoinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ca"den*cy</hw> (r&emacr;*k&amacr;"d<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A falling back or descending a second time;
a relapse.</def>  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cal"ci*trant</hw>
(r&esl;*k&abreve;l"s&ibreve;*tr<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recalcitrans</i>, p. pr. of <i>recalcitrare</i> to kick back; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>calcitrare</i> to kick, fr. <i>calx</i> heel.  Cf.
<u>Inculcate</u>.] <def>Kicking back; recalcitrating; hence, showing
repugnance or opposition; refractory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cal"ci*trate</hw> (-tr&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To kick against; to show repugnance to; to rebuff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The more heartily did one disdain his disdain, and
<i>recalcitrate</i> his tricks.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cal"ci*trate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To kick
back; to kick against anything; hence, to express repugnance or
opposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cal`ci*tra"tion</hw> (-tr&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kicking back again; opposition;
repugnance; refractoriness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*call"</hw> (r&esl;*k&add;l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To call back; to summon to return; as, to
<i>recall</i> troops; to <i>recall</i> an ambassador.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If Henry were <i>recalled</i> to life
again.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To revoke; to annul by a subsequent act; to
take back; to withdraw; as, to <i>recall</i> words, or a
decree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Passed sentence may not be
<i>recall'd</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To call back to mind; to revive in memory;
to recollect; to remember; as, to <i>recall</i> bygone days.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*call"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
calling back; a revocation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is done, and since 't is done, 't is past
<i>recall</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A call on the trumpet, bugle,
or drum, by which soldiers are recalled from duty, labor, etc.</def>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*call"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being recalled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*call"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Recall.</def> [R.]  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cant"</hw> (r&esl;*k&abreve;nt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Recanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Recanting</u>.] [L. <i>recantare</i>,
<i>recantatum</i>, to recall, recant; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>cantare</i> to sing, to sound. See 3d <u>Cant</u>, <u>Chant</u>.]
<def>To withdraw or repudiate formally and publicly (opinions formerly
expressed); to contradict, as a former declaration; to take back
openly; to retract; to recall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How soon . . . ease would <i>recant</i><BR>
Vows made in pain, as violent and void!</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To retract; recall; revoke; abjure; disown; disavow.
See <u>Renounce</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*cant"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To revoke a
declaration or proposition; to unsay what has been said; to retract;
as, convince me that I am wrong, and I will <i>recant</i>.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`can*ta"tion</hw> (r&emacr;`k&abreve;n*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of recanting; a declaration that
contradicts a former one; that which is thus asserted in
contradiction; retraction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The poor man was imprisoned for this discovery, and
forced to make a public <i>recantation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cant"er</hw> (r&esl;*k&abreve;nt"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who recants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ca*pac"i*tate</hw>
(r&emacr;`k&adot;*p&abreve;s"&ibreve;*t&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To qualify again; to confer capacity on again.</def>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ca*pit"u*late</hw> (-p&ibreve;t"&usl;*l&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [L. <i>recapitulare</i>, <i>recapitulatum</i>; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>capitulum</i> a small head, chapter, section. See
<u>Capitulate</u>.] <def>To repeat, as the principal points in a
discourse, argument, or essay; to give a summary of the principal
facts, points, or arguments of; to relate in brief; to
summarize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ca*pit"u*late</hw>
(r&emacr;`k&adot;*p&ibreve;t"&usl;*l&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To sum up, or enumerate by heads or topics, what has been
previously said; to repeat briefly the substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ca*pit`u*la"tion</hw> (-l&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>recapitulatio</i>: cf. F.
<i>recapitulation</i>.] <def>The act of recapitulating; a summary, or
concise statement or enumeration, of the principal points, facts, or
statements, in a preceding discourse, argument, or essay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ca*pit"u*la`tor</hw> (-
p&ibreve;t"&usl;*l&amacr;`t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who recapitulates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ca*pit"u*la*to*ry</hw> (-l&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of a recapitulation;
containing recapitulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cap"per</hw> (r&esl;*k&abreve;p"p&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Firearms)</i> <def>A tool used for applying a
fresh percussion cap or primer to a cartridge shell in reloading
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cap"tion</hw> (r&esl;*k&abreve;p"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of retaking, as of one
who has escaped after arrest; reprisal; the retaking of one's own
goods, chattels, wife, or children, without force or violence, from
one who has taken them and who wrongfully detains them.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Writ of recaption</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a writ to
recover damages for him whose goods, being distrained for rent or
service, are distrained again for the same cause.</cd>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cap"tor</hw> (-t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who recaptures; one who takes a prize which had been previously
taken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cap"ture</hw> (-t&usl;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of retaking or recovering by capture;
especially, the retaking of a prize or goods from a captor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is captured back; a prize
retaken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cap"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To capture
again; to retake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*car"bon*ize</hw> (r&esl;*k&auml;r"b&obreve;n*&imacr;z),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To restore carbon to; as,
to <i>recarbonize</i> iron in converting it into steel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*car"ni*fy</hw> (-n&ibreve;*f&imacr;), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To convert again into flesh.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*car"riage</hw> (r&esl;*k&abreve;r"r&ibreve;j),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of carrying back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*car"ry</hw> (-r&ybreve;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
carry back.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cast"</hw> (r&emacr;*k&adot;st"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw again.</def>  <i>Florio.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mold anew; to cast anew; to throw into a
new form or shape; to reconstruct; as, to <i>recast</i> cannon; to
<i>recast</i> an argument or a play.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To compute, or cast up, a second
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"che</hw> (r&ebreve;k"k<i>e</i>), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To reck.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"che*les</hw> (-l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Reckless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cede"</hw> (r&esl;*s&emacr;d"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Receded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Receding</u>.] [L. <i>recedere</i>, <i>recessum</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>cedere</i> to go, to go along: cf. F.
<i>rec&eacute;der</i>. See <u>Cede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
move back; to retreat; to withdraw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the hollow roar<BR>
Of tides <i>receding</i> from the insulted shore.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All bodies moved circularly endeavor to <i>recede</i>
from the center.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw a claim or pretension; to
desist; to relinquish what had been proposed or asserted; as, to
<i>recede</i> from a demand or proposition.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To retire; retreat; return; retrograde; withdraw;
desist.</p>

<p><hw>Re*cede"</hw> (r&emacr;*s&emacr;d"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>cede</i>.  Cf. <u>Recede</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>To cede back; to grant or yield again to a former
possessor; as, to <i>recede</i> conquered territory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceipt"</hw> (r&esl;*s&emacr;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>receite</i>, OF. <i>recete</i>, <i>recepte</i>, F. <i>recette</i>,
fr. L. <i>recipere</i>, <i>receptum</i>, to receive. See
<u>Receive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of receiving;
reception.</def> "At the <i>receipt</i> of your letter."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reception, as an act of hospitality.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy kind <i>receipt</i> of me.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Capability of receiving; capacity.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It has become a place of great
<i>receipt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Place of receiving.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He saw a man, named Matthew, sitting at the
<i>receipt</i> of custom.</blockquote> <i>Matt. ix. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a recess; a retired place.</def>
[Obs.] "In a retired <i>receipt</i> together lay."
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A formulary according to the directions of
which things are to be taken or combined; a recipe; as, a
<i>receipt</i> for making sponge cake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She had a <i>receipt</i> to make white hair
black.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A writing acknowledging the taking or
receiving of goods delivered; an acknowledgment of money
paid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>That which is received; that which comes
in, in distinction from what is expended, paid out, sent away, and the
like; -- usually in the plural; as, the <i>receipts</i> amounted to a
thousand dollars.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gross receipts</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Gross</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceipt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Receipted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Receipting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a receipt for; as,
to <i>receipt</i> goods delivered by a sheriff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put a receipt on, as by writing or
stamping; as, to <i>receipt</i> a bill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceipt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give a receipt,
as for money paid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceipt"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O.
Eng. Law)</i> <def>The receiving or harboring a felon knowingly, after
the commission of a felony.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceipt"or</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who receipts; specifically <i>(Law)</i>, one who receipts for property
which has been taken by the sheriff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceit"</hw> (r&esl;*s&emacr;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Receipt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceiv`a*bil"i*ty</hw>
(r&esl;*s&emacr;v`&adot;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being receivable;
receivableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceiv"a*ble</hw> (r&esl;*s&emacr;v"&adot;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>recevable</i>.] <def>Capable of being
received.</def> -- <wf>Re*ceiv"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Bills receivable</b></col>. <cd>See under 6th
<u>Bill</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceive"</hw> (r&esl;*s&emacr;v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Received</u> (-s&emacr;vd");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Receiving</u>.] [OF.
<i>receveir</i>, <i>recevoir</i>, F. <i>recevoir</i>, fr. L.
<i>recipere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>capere</i> to take, seize.
See <u>Capable</u>, <u>Heave</u>, and cf. <u>Receipt</u>,
<u>Reception</u>, <u>Recipe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take, as
something that is offered, given, committed, sent, paid, or the like;
to accept; as, to <i>receive</i> money offered in payment of a debt;
to <i>receive</i> a gift, a message, or a letter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Receyven</i> all in gree that God us
sent.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To gain the knowledge of; to take
into the mind by assent to; to give admission to; to accept, as an
opinion, notion, etc.; to embrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our hearts <i>receive</i> your warnings.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The idea of solidity we <i>receive</i> by our
touch.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To allow, as a custom, tradition, or the
like; to give credence or acceptance to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many other things there be which they have
<i>received</i> to hold, as the washing of cups, and
pots.</blockquote> <i>Mark vii. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give admittance to; to permit to enter,
as into one's house, presence, company, and the like; as, to
<i>receive</i> a lodger, visitor, ambassador, messenger,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They kindled a fire, and <i>received</i> us every
one.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxviii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To admit; to take in; to hold; to contain;
to have capacity for; to be able to take in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brazen altar that was before the Lord was too
little to <i>receive</i> the burnt offerings.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings
viii. 64.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To be affected by something; to suffer; to
be subjected to; as, to <i>receive</i> pleasure or pain; to
<i>receive</i> a wound or a blow; to <i>receive</i> damage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Against his will he can <i>receive</i> no
harm.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To take from a thief, as goods known to be
stolen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Lawn Tennis)</i> <def>To bat back (the ball)
when served.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Receiving ship</b></col>, <cd>one on board of which newly
recruited sailors are received, and kept till drafted for
service.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To accept; take; allow; hold; retain; admit.  --
<u>Receive</u>, <u>Accept</u>. To <i>receive</i> describes simply the
act of taking. To <i>accept</i> denotes the taking with approval, or
for the purposes for which a thing is offered. Thus, we <i>receive</i>
a letter when it comes to hand; we <i>receive</i> news when it reaches
us; we <i>accept</i> a present when it is offered; we <i>accept</i> an
invitation to dine with a friend.</p>

<p><blockquote>Who, if we knew<BR>
What we <i>receive</i>, would either not <i>accept</i><BR>
Life offered, or soon beg to lay it down.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceive"</hw> (r&esl;*s&emacr;v"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To receive visitors; to be at home to receive
calls; as, she <i>receives</i> on Tuesdays.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Lawn Tennis)</i> <def>To return, or bat
back, the ball when served; as, it is your turn to
<i>receive</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceiv"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being received, accepted, or current; as, the
<i>receivedness</i> of an opinion.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceiv"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>receveur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who takes or receives in
any manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person appointed, ordinarily
by a court, to receive, and hold in trust, money or other property
which is the subject of litigation, pending the suit; a person
appointed to take charge of the estate and effects of a corporation,
and to do other acts necessary to winding up its affairs, in certain
cases.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who takes or buys stolen goods from a
thief, knowing them to be stolen.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A vessel
connected with an alembic, a retort, or the like, for receiving and
condensing the product of distillation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A vessel for receiving and containing gases.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Pneumatics)</i> <def>The glass vessel in
which the vacuum is produced, and the objects of experiment are put,
in experiments with an air pump.  Cf. <u>Bell jar</u>, and see
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Air pump</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
vessel for receiving the exhaust steam from the high-pressure cylinder
before it enters the low-pressure cylinder, in a compound
engine.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A capacious vessel for
receiving steam from a distant boiler, and supplying it dry to an
engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That portion of a telephonic apparatus, or
similar system, at which the message is received and made audible; --
opposed to <i>transmitter</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Exhausted receiver</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a
receiver, as that used with the air pump, from which the air has been
withdrawn; a vessel the interior of which is a more or less complete
vacuum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceiv"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
office of a receiver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cel"e*brate</hw> (r&emacr;*s&ebreve;l"&esl;*br&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To celebrate again, or anew.</def> --
<wf>Re*cel`e*bra"tion</wf> (-br&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re"cen*cy</hw> (r&emacr;"s<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>recentia</i>, fr. L. <i>recens</i>. See
<u>Recent</u>.] <def>The state or quality of being recent; newness;
new state; late origin; lateness in time; freshness; as, the
<i>recency</i> of a transaction, of a wound, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cense"</hw> (r&esl;*s&ebreve;ns"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[L. <i>recensere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> again + <i>censere</i> to
value, estimate: cf. F. <i>recenser</i>.] <def>To review; to
revise.</def> [R.]  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cen"sion</hw> (r&esl;*s&ebreve;n"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>recensio</i>: cf. F. <i>recension</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of reviewing or revising; review;
examination; enumeration.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the review of a text (as of
an ancient author) by an editor; critical revisal and
establishment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The result of such a work; a text
established by critical revision; an edited version.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cen"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
recensions; specifically, a critical editor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"cent</hw> (r&emacr;"s<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recens</i>, <i>-entis</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;cent</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of late origin, existence, or occurrence;
lately come; not of remote date, antiquated style, or the like; not
already known, familiar, worn out, trite, etc.; fresh; novel; new;
modern; as, <i>recent</i> news.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ancients were of opinion, that a considerable
portion of that country [Egypt] was <i>recent</i>, and formed out of
the mud discharged into the neighboring sea by the Nile.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
present or existing epoch; as, <i>recent</i> shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cen"ter</hw> (r&emacr;*s&ebreve;n"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>center</i>.] <def>To center again;
to restore to the center.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"cent*ly</hw> (r&emacr;"s<i>e</i>nt*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Newly; lately; freshly; not long since;
as, advices <i>recently</i> received.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"cent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being recent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cep"ta*cle</hw> (r&esl;*s&ebreve;p"t&adot;*k'l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;ceptacle</i>, L.
<i>receptaculum</i>, fr. <i>receptare</i>, v. intens. fr.
<i>recipere</i> to receive. See <u>Receive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which serves, or is used, for receiving and containing
something, as a basket, a vase, a bag, a reservoir; a
repository.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O sacred <i>receptacle</i> of my joys!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The apex
of the flower stalk, from which the organs of the flower grow, or into
which they are inserted. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Flower</u>, and
<u>Ovary</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The dilated apex of a
pedicel which serves as a common support to a head of flowers.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An intercellular cavity containing oil or
resin or other matters.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A special
branch which bears the fructification in many cryptogamous
plants.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1198 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>Rec`ep*tac"u*lar</hw>
(r&ebreve;s`&ebreve;p*t&abreve;k"&usl;*l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;ceptaculaire</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the receptacle, or growing on it; as,
the <i>receptacular</i> chaff or scales in the sunflower.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rec`ep*tac"u*lum</hw> (-l&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Receptacula</b></plw> (-l&adot;). [L.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A receptacle; as, the <i>receptaculum</i> of the
chyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"ep*ta*ry</hw> (r&ebreve;s"&ebreve;p*t&asl;*r&ybreve;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Generally or popularly admitted or
received.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"ep*ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
received.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Receptaries</i> of philosophy."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cep`ti*bil"i*ty</hw>
(r&esl;*s&ebreve;p`t&ibreve;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being receptible; receivableness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A receptible thing.</def> [R.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cep"ti*ble</hw> (r&esl;*s&ebreve;p"t&ibreve;*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>receptibilis</i>.] <def>Such as may be
received; receivable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cep"tion</hw> (-sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;ception</i>, L. <i>receptio</i>, fr. <i>recipere</i>,
<i>receptum</i>. See <u>Receive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of receiving; receipt; admission; as, the <i>reception</i> of food
into the stomach; the <i>reception</i> of a letter; the
<i>reception</i> of sensation or ideas; <i>reception</i> of
evidence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being received.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or manner of receiving, esp. of
receiving visitors; entertainment; hence, an occasion or ceremony of
receiving guests; as, a hearty <i>reception</i>; an elaborate
<i>reception</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>reception</i> a poem may find.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Acceptance, as of an opinion or
doctrine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Philosophers who have quitted the popular doctrines of
their countries have fallen into as extravagant opinions as even
common <i>reception</i> countenanced.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A retaking; a recovery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cep"tive</hw> (r&esl;*s&ebreve;p"t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;ceptif</i>. See
<u>Receive</u>.] <def>Having the quality of receiving; able or
inclined to take in, absorb, hold, or contain; receiving or
containing; as, a <i>receptive</i> mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Imaginary space is <i>receptive</i> of all
bodies.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cep"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being receptive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`ep*tiv"i*ty</hw>
(r&ebreve;s`&ebreve;p*t&ibreve;v"&ibreve;*t&ybreve; or
r&emacr;`s&ebreve;p- ), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;ceptivit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state
or quality of being receptive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Kantian Philos.)</i> <def>The power or
capacity of receiving impressions, as those of the external
senses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cep"to*ry</hw> (r&esl;*s&ebreve;p"t&osl;*r&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>receptorium</i> a place of shelter.]
<def>Receptacle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cess"</hw> (r&esl;*s&ebreve;s"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recessus</i>, fr. <i>recedere</i>, <i>recessum</i>. See
<u>Recede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A withdrawing or retiring; a
moving back; retreat; as, the <i>recess</i> of the tides.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every degree of ignorance being so far a <i>recess</i>
and degradation from rationality.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>recess</i> hath given them confidence that I may
be conquered.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being withdrawn; seclusion;
privacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>recess</i> of the jury they are to consider
the evidence.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Good verse <i>recess</i> and solitude
requires.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Remission or suspension of business or
procedure; intermission, as of a legislative body, court, or
school.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>recess</i> of . . . Parliament lasted six
weeks.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Part of a room formed by the receding of
the wall, as an alcove, niche, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bed which stood in a deep <i>recess</i>.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A place of retirement, retreat, secrecy, or
seclusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Departure from this happy place, our sweet<BR>
<i>Recess</i>, and only consolation left.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Secret or abstruse part; as, the
difficulties and <i>recesses</i> of science.</def>  <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
sinus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cess"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Recessed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Recessing</u>.] <def>To make a recess in; as, to <i>recess</i> a
wall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cess"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>A decree of the
imperial diet of the old German empire.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cessed"</hw> (r&esl;*s&ebreve;st"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a recess or recesses; as, a
<i>recessed</i> arch or wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Withdrawn; secluded.</def> [R.]
"Comfortably <i>recessed</i> from curious impertinents."  <i>Miss
Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Recessed arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>one of a series
of arches constructed one within another so as to correspond with
splayed jambs of a doorway, or the like.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*ces"sion</hw> (r&esl;*s&ebreve;sh"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>recessio</i>, fr. <i>recedere</i>,
<i>recessum</i>. See <u>Recede</u>.] <def>The act of receding or
withdrawing, as from a place, a claim, or a demand.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mercy may rejoice upon the <i>recessions</i> of
justice.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ces"sion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-</i> +
<i>cession</i>.] <def>The act of ceding back; restoration; repeated
cession; as, the <i>recession</i> of conquered territory to its former
sovereign.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ces"sion*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to recession or withdrawal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Recessional hymn</b></col>, <cd>a hymn sung in a procession
returning from the choir to the robing room.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*ces"sive</hw> (r&esl;*s&ebreve;s"s&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going back; receding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"chab*ite</hw> (r&emacr;"k&abreve;b*&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Jewish Hist.)</i> <def>One of the descendants
of Jonadab, the son of Rechab, all of whom by his injunction abstained
from the use of intoxicating drinks and even from planting the vine.
<i>Jer</i>. <i>xxxv</i>. 2-19. Also, in modern times, a member of a
certain society of abstainers from alcoholic liquors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*change"</hw> (r&emacr;*ch&amacr;nj"), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> <def>To change again, or change back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*charge"</hw> (r&emacr;*ch&auml;rj"), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>charge</i>: cf. F.
<i>recharger</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To charge or accuse in
return.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attack again; to attack anew.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*char"ter</hw> (r&emacr;*ch&auml;r"t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second charter; a renewal of a
charter.</def>  <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*char"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To charter again
or anew; to grant a second or another charter to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*chase"</hw> (r&emacr;*ch&amacr;s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>chase</i>: cf. F. <i>rechasser</i>.] <def>To
chase again; to chase or drive back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cheat"</hw> (r&esl;*ch&emacr;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>requ&ecirc;t&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>requ&ecirc;ter</i> to hunt anew.
See <u>Request</u>.] <i>(Sporting)</i> <def>A strain given on the horn
to call back the hounds when they have lost track of the
game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cheat"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To blow the
recheat.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Re*cher`ch&eacute;"</hw> (r<i>e</i>*sh&acirc;r`sh&asl;"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Sought out with care; choice. Hence: of
rare quality, elegance, or attractiveness; peculiar and refined in
kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rech"less</hw> (r&ebreve;k"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Reckless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*choose"</hw> (r&emacr;*ch&oomac;z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To choose again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cid"i*vate</hw> (r&esl;*s&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*v&amacr;t),
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [LL. <i>recidivare</i>. See
<u>Recidivous</u>.] <def>To backslide; to fall again.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*cid`i*va"tion</hw> (-v&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>recidivatio</i>.] <def>A falling back; a
backsliding.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cid"i*vous</hw> (r&esl;*s&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*v&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>recidivus</i>, fr. <i>recidere</i> to fall
back.] <def>Tending or liable to backslide or relapse to a former
condition or habit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"i*pe</hw> (r&ebreve;s"&ibreve;*p&esl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Recipes</b></plw> (-
p&emacr;z). [L., imperative of <i>recipere</i> to take back, take in,
receive. See <u>Receive</u>.] <def>A formulary or prescription for
making some combination, mixture, or preparation of materials; a
receipt; especially, a prescription for medicine.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Re*cip"i*an`gle</hw>
(r&esl;*s&ibreve;p"&ibreve;*&abreve;&nsm;`g'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>recipere</i> to take + <i>angulus</i> angle.] <def>An
instrument with two arms that are pivoted together at one end, and a
graduated arc, -- used by military engineers for measuring and laying
off angles of fortifications.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*cip"i*ence</hw> (r&esl;*s&ibreve;p"&ibreve;*<i>e</i>ns),
<hw>Re*cip"i*en*cy</hw> (-<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being recipient; a receiving; reception;
receptiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cip"i*ent</hw> (-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recipiens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, receiving, p. pr. of <i>recipere</i>
to receive: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;cipient</i>. See <u>Receive</u>.]
<def>A receiver; the person or thing that receives; one to whom, or
that to which, anything is given or communicated; specifically, the
receiver of a still.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cip"i*ent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Receiving;
receptive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cip"ro*cal</hw> (-r&osl;*k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>reciprocus</i>; of unknown origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Recurring in vicissitude; alternate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done by each to the other; interchanging or
interchanged; given and received; due from each to each; mutual; as,
<i>reciprocal</i> love; <i>reciprocal</i> duties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let our <i>reciprocal</i> vows be
remembered.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mutually interchangeable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These two rules will render a definition
<i>reciprocal</i> with the thing defined.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Reflexive; -- applied to
pronouns and verbs, but sometimes limited to such pronouns as express
mutual action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Used to denote different
kinds of mutual relation; often with reference to the substitution of
reciprocals for given quantities. See the Phrases below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reciprocal equation</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>one which
remains unchanged in form when the reciprocal of the unknown quantity
is substituted for that quantity.</cd> -- <col><b>Reciprocal
figures</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>two figures of the same kind (as
triangles, parallelograms, prisms, etc.), so related that two sides of
the one form the extremes of a proportion of which the means are the
two corresponding sides of the other; in general, two figures so
related that the first corresponds in some special way to the second,
and the second corresponds in the same way to the first.</cd> --
<col><b>Reciprocal proportion</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a
proportion such that, of four terms taken in order, the first has to
the second the same ratio which the fourth has to the third, or the
first has to the second the same ratio which the reciprocal of the
third has to the reciprocal of the fourth. Thus, 2:5: :20:8 form a
<i>reciprocal proportion</i>, because 2:5:
:<fract>1/20</fract>:<fract>1/8</fract>.</cd> -- <col><b>Reciprocal
quantities</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>any two quantities which
produce unity when multiplied together.</cd> -- <col><b>Reciprocal
ratio</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the ratio between the reciprocals
of two quantities; as, the <i>reciprocal ratio</i> of 4 to 9 is that
of &frac14; to &frac19;.</cd> -- <col><b>Reciprocal terms</b></col>
<i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>those terms which have the same signification,
and, consequently, are convertible, and may be used for each
other.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mutual; alternate.  -- <u>Reciprocal</u>,
<u>Mutual</u>. The distinctive idea of <i>mutual</i> is, that the
parties unite by interchange in the same act; as, a <i>mutual</i>
covenant; <i>mutual</i> affection, etc.  The distinctive idea of
<i>reciprocal</i> is, that one party acts by way of return or response
to something previously done by the other party; as, a
<i>reciprocal</i> kindness; <i>reciprocal</i> reproaches, etc.  Love
is <i>reciprocal</i> when the previous affection of one party has
drawn forth the attachment of the other. To make it <i>mutual</i> in
the strictest sense, the two parties should have fallen in love at the
same time; but as the result is the same, the two words are here used
interchangeably. The ebbing and flowing of the tide is a case where
the action is <i>reciprocal</i>, but not <i>mutual</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*cip"ro*cal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is reciprocal to another thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Corruption is a <i>reciprocal</i> to
generation.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arith. &amp; Alg.)</i> <def>The quotient arising
from dividing unity by any quantity; thus, &frac14; is the
<i>reciprocal</i> of 4; <fract>1/(a +b)</fract> is the
<i>reciprocal</i> of <i>a + b</i>. The <i>reciprocal</i> of a fraction
is the fraction inverted, or the denominator divided by the
numerator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cip`ro*cal"i*ty</hw> (-k&abreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or condition of being
reciprocal; reciprocalness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*cip"ro*cal*ly</hw>
(r&esl;*s&ibreve;p"r&osl;*k<i>a</i>l*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a reciprocal manner;
so that each affects the other, and is equally affected by it;
interchangeably; mutually.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These two particles do <i>reciprocally</i> affect each
other with the same force.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>In the manner of
reciprocals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reciprocally proportional</b></col> <i>(Arith. &amp; Alg.)</i>,
<cd>proportional, as two variable quantities, so that the one shall
have a constant ratio to the reciprocal of the other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*cip"ro*cal*ness</hw>
(r&esl;*s&ibreve;p"r&osl;*k<i>a</i>l*n&ebreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or condition of being reciprocal; mutual return;
alternateness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cip"ro*cate</hw> (-k&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reciprocated</u> (-
k&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reciprocating</u>.] [L. <i>reciprocatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>reciprocare</i>. See <u>Reciprocal</u>.] <def>To move forward and
backward alternately; to recur in vicissitude; to act interchangeably;
to alternate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One brawny smith the puffing bellows plies,<BR>
And draws and blows <i>reciprocating</i> air.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Reciprocating engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam, air, or gas
engine, etc., in which the piston moves back and forth; -- in
distinction from a <i>rotary engine</i>, in which the piston travels
continuously in one direction in a circular path.</cd> --
<col><b>Reciprocating motion</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>motion
alternately backward and forward, or up and down, as of a piston
rod.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*cip"ro*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give and
return mutually; to make return for; to give in return; to
interchange; to alternate; as, to <i>reciprocate</i> favors.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cip`ro*ca"tion</hw> (-k&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>reciprocatio</i>: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;ciprocation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
reciprocating; interchange of acts; a mutual giving and returning; as,
the <i>reciprocation</i> of kindnesses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Alternate recurrence or action; as, the
<i>reciprocation</i> of the sea in the flow and ebb of tides.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec`i*proc"i*ty</hw>
(r&ebreve;s`&ibreve;*pr&obreve;s"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;ciprocit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Reciprocal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mutual action and
reaction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reciprocal advantages, obligations, or
rights; reciprocation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reciprocity treaty</b></col>, or <col><b>Treaty of
reciprocity</b></col>, <cd>a treaty concluded between two countries,
conferring equal privileges as regards customs or charges on imports,
or in other respects.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reciprocation; interchange; mutuality.</p>

<p><hw>Re*cip`ro*cor"nous</hw>
(r&esl;*s&ibreve;p`r&osl;*k&ocirc;r"n&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>reciprocus</i> returning, reciprocal + <i>cornu</i> horn.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having horns turning backward and then
forward, like those of a ram.</def> [R.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cip"ro*cous</hw> (r&esl;*s&ibreve;p"r&osl;*k&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reciprocal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rec"i*prok</hw> (r&ebreve;s"&ibreve;*pr&obreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;ciproque</i>, L.
<i>reciprocus</i>.] <def>Reciprocal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"i*proque</hw> (r&ebreve;s"&ibreve;*pr&omacr;k), <pos><i>a.
& n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;ciproque</i>.] <def>Reciprocal.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ci"sion</hw> (r&esl;*s&ibreve;zh"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>recisio</i>, fr. <i>recidere</i>,
<i>recisum</i>, to cut off; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>caedere</i> to
cut.] <def>The act of cutting off.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cit"al</hw> (r&esl;*s&imacr;t"<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Recite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of reciting; the repetition of the words of another, or of a
document; rehearsal; as, the <i>recital</i> of testimony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A telling in detail and due order of the
particulars of anything, as of a law, an adventure, or a series of
events; narration.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is recited; a story; a
narration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A vocal or instrumental
performance by one person; -- distinguished from <i>concert</i>; as, a
song <i>recital</i>; an organ, piano, or violin
<i>recital</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The formal statement, or
setting forth, of some matter of fact in any deed or writing in order
to explain the reasons on which the transaction is founded; the
statement of matter in pleading introductory to some positive
allegation.</def>  <i>Burn.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Account; rehearsal; recitation; narration;
description; explanation; enumeration; detail; narrative. See
<u>Account</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rec`i*ta"tion</hw> (r&ebreve;s`&ibreve;*t&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>recitatio</i>: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;citation</i>. See <u>Recite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of reciting; rehearsal; repetition of words or
sentences.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The delivery before an audience of
something committed to memory, especially as an elocutionary
exhibition; also, that which is so delivered.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Colleges and Schools)</i> <def>The rehearsal
of a lesson by pupils before their instructor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`i*ta*tive"</hw> (r&ebreve;s`&ibreve;*t&adot;*t&emacr;v"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>recitativo</i>, or F.
<i>r&eacute;citatif</i>. See <u>Recite</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
species of musical recitation in which the words are delivered in a
manner resembling that of ordinary declamation; also, a piece of music
intended for such recitation; -- opposed to <i>melisma</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`i*ta*tive"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to recitation; intended for musical recitation or declamation; in the
style or manner of recitative.</def> -- <wf>Rec`i*ta*tive"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Rec`i*ta*ti"vo</hw> (-t&emacr;"v&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Recitative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cite"</hw> (r&esl;*s&imacr;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Recited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reciting</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;citer</i>, fr. L.
<i>recitare</i>, <i>recitatum</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>citare</i> to call or name, to cite. See <u>Cite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To repeat, as something already prepared,
written down, committed to memory, or the like; to deliver from a
written or printed document, or from recollection; to rehearse; as, to
<i>recite</i> the words of an author, or of a deed or
covenant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tell over; to go over in particulars; to
relate; to narrate; as, to <i>recite</i> past events; to <i>recite</i>
the particulars of a voyage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rehearse, as a lesson to an
instructor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To state in or as a recital.
See <u>Recital</u>, 5.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To rehearse; narrate; relate; recount; describe;
recapitulate; detail; number; count.</p>

<p><hw>Re*cite"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To repeat,
pronounce, or rehearse, as before an audience, something prepared or
committed to memory; to rehearse a lesson learned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cite"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A recital.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cit"er</hw> (-s&imacr;t"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who recites; also, a book of extracts for
recitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reck</hw> (r&ebreve;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Recked</u> (r&ebreve;kt) (<i>obs. imp.</i>
<u>Roughte</u>); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Recking</u>.]
[AS. <i>reccan</i>, <i>r&emacr;can</i>, to care for; akin to OS.
<i>r&omacr;kian</i>, OHG. <i>ruochan</i>, G. <i>geruhen</i>, Icel.
<i>r&aelig;kja</i>, also to E. <i>reckon</i>, <i>rake</i> an
implement. See <u>Rake</u>, and cf. <u>Reckon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make account of; to care for; to heed; to regard.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>This son of mine not <i>recking</i>
danger.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And may you better <i>reck</i> the rede<BR>
Than ever did the adviser.</blockquote> <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To concern; -- used impersonally.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>recks</i> it them?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1199 pr=vmg !></p>

<p><hw>Reck</hw> (r&ebreve;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
account; to take heed; to care; to mind; -- often followed by
<i>of</i>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>reck</i> I not, when I have lost my
life.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>reck</i> not though I end my life to-
day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of me she <i>recks</i> not, nor my vain
desire.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reck"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>reccele&aacute;s</i>, <i>r&emacr;cele&aacute;s</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inattentive to duty; careless; neglectful;
indifferent.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rashly negligent; utterly careless or
heedless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It made the king as <i>reckless</i> as them
diligent.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Heedless; careless; mindless; thoughtless;
negligent; indifferent; regardless; unconcerned; inattentive; remiss;
rash.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Reck"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Reck"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Reck"ling</hw> (-l&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Needing care; weak; feeble; as, a <i>reckling</i> child.</def>
<i>H. Taylor.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A weak child or
animal.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reck"on</hw> (r&ebreve;k"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reckoned</u> (-'nd); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reckoning</u>.] [OE. <i>rekenen</i>, AS.
<i>gerecenian</i> to explain; akin to D. <i>rekenen</i> to reckon, G.
<i>rechnen</i>, OHG. <i>rehhan&omacr;n</i> (cf. Goth. <i>rahnjan</i>),
and to E. <i>reck</i>, <i>rake</i> an implement; the original sense
probably being, to bring together, count together. See <u>Reck</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To count; to enumerate; to number; also, to
compute; to calculate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The priest shall <i>reckon</i> to him the money
according to the years that remain.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xxvii.
18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>reckoned</i> above two hundred and fifty on the
outside of the church.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To count as in a number, rank, or series;
to estimate by rank or quality; to place by estimation; to account; to
esteem; to repute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>reckoned</i> among the
transgressors.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxii. 37.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For him I <i>reckon</i> not in high
estate.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To charge, attribute, or adjudge to one, as
having a certain quality or value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Faith was <i>reckoned</i> to Abraham for
righteousness.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iv. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Without her eccentricities being <i>reckoned</i> to her
for a crime.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To conclude, as by an enumeration and
balancing of chances; hence, to think; to suppose; -- followed by an
objective clause; as, I <i>reckon</i> he won't try that again.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To number; enumerate; compute; calculate; estimate;
value; esteem; account; repute. See <u>Calculate</u>,
<u>Guess</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Reck"on</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make an enumeration or computation; to engage in numbering or
computing.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come to an accounting; to make up
accounts; to settle; to examine and strike the balance of debt and
credit; to adjust relations of desert or penalty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Parfay," sayst thou, "sometime he <i>reckon</i>
shall."</blockquote>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To reckon for</b></col>, <cd>to answer for; to pay the
account for.</cd> "If they fail in their bounden duty, they shall
<i>reckon for</i> it one day." <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i> -- <col><b>To
reckon on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to count or depend
on.</cd> -- <col><b>To reckon with</b></col>, <cd>to settle accounts
or claims with; -- used literally or figuratively.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>After a long time the lord of those servants cometh,
and <i>reckoneth with</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxv. 19.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To reckon without one's host</b></col>, <cd>to ignore in
a calculation or arrangement the person whose assent is essential;
hence, to reckon erroneously.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Reck"on*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
reckons or computes; also, a book of calculations, tables, etc., to
assist in reckoning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reckoners</i> without their host must reckon
twice.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reck"on*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who reckons, counts, or computes; the result of
reckoning or counting; calculation.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An account of time</def>. <i>Sandys.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Adjustment of claims and accounts; settlement
of obligations, liabilities, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even <i>reckoning</i> makes lasting friends, and the
way to make <i>reckonings</i> even is to make them often.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He quitted London, never to return till the day of a
terrible and memorable <i>reckoning</i> had arrived.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The charge or account made by a host at an
inn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A coin would have a nobler use than to pay a
<i>reckoning</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Esteem; account; estimation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You make no further <i>reckoning</i> of it [beauty]
than of an outward fading benefit nature bestowed.</blockquote> <i>Sir
P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Navigation)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
calculation of a ship's position, either from astronomical
observations, or from the record of the courses steered and distances
sailed as shown by compass and log, -- in the latter case called
<i>dead reckoning</i> (see under <u>Dead</u>); -- also used for
<i>dead reckoning</i> in contradistinction to
<i>observation</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The position of a
ship as determined by calculation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be out of her reckoning</b></col>, <cd>to be at a
distance from the place indicated by the reckoning; -- said of a
ship.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*claim"</hw> (r&emacr;*kl&amacr;m"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To claim back; to demand the return of as a right; to attempt to
recover possession of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tract of land [Holland] snatched from an element
perpetually <i>reclaiming</i> its prior occupancy.</blockquote> <i>W.
Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*claim"</hw> (r&esl;*kl&amacr;m"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reclaimed</u> (-kl&amacr;md");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reclaiming</u>.] [F.
<i>r&eacute;clamer</i>, L. <i>reclamare</i>, <i>reclamatum</i>, to cry
out against; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>clamare</i> to call or cry
aloud. See <u>Claim</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To call back, as a
hawk to the wrist in falconry, by a certain customary call.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To call back from flight or disorderly
action; to call to, for the purpose of subduing or quieting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The headstrong horses hurried Octavius . . . along, and
were deaf to his <i>reclaiming</i> them.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reduce from a wild to a tamed state; to
bring under discipline; -- said especially of birds trained for the
chase, but also of other animals.</def> "An eagle well
<i>reclaimed</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To reduce to a desired state by
discipline, labor, cultivation, or the like; to rescue from being
wild, desert, waste, submerged, or the like; as, to <i>reclaim</i>
wild land, overflowed land, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To call back to rectitude from moral
wandering or transgression; to draw back to correct deportment or
course of life; to reform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is the intention of Providence, in all the various
expressions of his goodness, to <i>reclaim</i> mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To correct; to reform; -- said of
things.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Your error, in time <i>reclaimed</i>, will be
venial.</blockquote> <i>Sir E. Hoby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To exclaim against; to gainsay.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reform; recover; restore; amend; correct.</p>

<p><hw>Re*claim"</hw> (r&esl;*kl&amacr;m"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cry out in opposition or contradiction; to
exclaim against anything; to contradict; to take exceptions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scripture <i>reclaims</i>, and the whole Catholic
church <i>reclaims</i>, and Christian ears would not hear
it.</blockquote> <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At a later period Grote <i>reclaimed</i> strongly
against Mill's setting Whately above Hamilton.</blockquote>
<i>Bain.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring anyone back from evil courses; to
reform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They, hardened more by what might most
<i>reclaim</i>,<BR>
Grieving to see his glory, . . . took envy.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw back; to give way.</def> [R. &
Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*claim"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
reclaiming, or the state of being reclaimed; reclamation;
recovery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*claim"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>That may be reclaimed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*claim"ant</hw> (-<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;clamant</i>, p. pr.] <def>One who reclaims; one who cries
out against or contradicts.</def> <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*claim"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who reclaims.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*claim"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That can not be
reclaimed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`la*ma"tion</hw> (r&ebreve;k`l&adot;*m&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;clamation</i>, L.
<i>reclamatio</i>. See <u>Reclaim</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or process of reclaiming.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Representation made in opposition;
remonstrance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would now, on the <i>reclamation</i> both of
generosity and of justice, try clemency.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*clasp"</hw> (r&emacr;*kl&adot;sp"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To clasp or unite again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*clin"ant</hw> (r&esl;*kl&imacr;n"<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>reclinans</i>, p. pr. See <u>Recline</u>.]
<def>Bending or leaning backward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"li*nate</hw> (r&ebreve;k"l&ibreve;*n&asl;t),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>reclinatus</i>, p. p.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Reclined, as a leaf; bent downward, so that the point, as of a
stem or leaf, is lower than the base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`li*na"tion</hw>
(r&ebreve;k`l&ibreve;*n&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>r&eacute;clinaison</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
leaning or reclining, or the state of being reclined.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Dialing)</i> <def>The angle which the plane
of the dial makes with a vertical plane which it intersects in a
horizontal line.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The act or process of
removing a cataract, by applying the needle to its anterior surface,
and depressing it into the vitreous humor in such a way that the front
surface of the cataract becomes the upper one and its back surface the
lower one.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cline"</hw> (r&esl;*kl&imacr;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reclined</u> (-kl&imacr;nd");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reclining</u>.] [L.
<i>reclinare</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>clinare</i> to lean,
incline. See <u>Incline</u>, <u>Lean</u> to incline.] <def>To cause or
permit to lean, incline, rest, etc.; to place in a recumbent position;
as, to <i>recline</i> the head on the hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mother<BR>
<i>Reclined</i> her dying head upon his breast.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cline"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To lean or incline; as, to <i>recline</i> against a
wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assume, or to be in, a recumbent
position; as, to <i>recline</i> on a couch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cline"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>reclinis</i>. See
<u>Recline</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Having a reclining
posture; leaning; reclining.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They sat, <i>recline</i><BR>
On the soft downy bank, damasked with flowers.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*clined"</hw> (r&esl;*kl&imacr;nd"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Falling or turned downward; reclinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*clin"er</hw> (r&esl;*kl&imacr;n"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which, reclines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*clin"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Bending or curving gradually back from the
perpendicular.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Recumbent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reclining dial</b></col>, <cd>a dial whose plane is
inclined to the vertical line through its center. <i>Davies &amp; Peck</i>
<i>(Math. Dict.)</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*close"</hw> (r&emacr;*kl&omacr;z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To close again.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*clothe"</hw> (r&emacr;*kl&omacr;th"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To clothe again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*clude"</hw> (r&esl;*kl&umacr;d"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[L. <i>recludere</i> to unclose, open; pref. <i>re-</i> again, back,
un- + <i>claudere</i> to shut.] <def>To open; to unclose.</def> [R.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cluse"</hw> (r&esl;*kl&umacr;s"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>reclus</i>, L. <i>reclusus</i>, from <i>recludere</i>,
<i>reclusum</i>, to unclose, open, in LL., to shut up. See
<u>Close</u>.] <def>Shut up; sequestered; retired from the world or
from public notice; solitary; living apart; as, a <i>recluse</i> monk
or hermit; a <i>recluse</i> life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In meditation deep, <i>recluse</i><BR>
From human converse.</blockquote> <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cluse"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>reclus</i>, LL.
<i>reclusus</i>. See <u>Recluse</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person who lives in seclusion from
intercourse with the world, as a hermit or monk; specifically, one of
a class of secluded devotees who live in single cells, usually
attached to monasteries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place where a recluse dwells.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cluse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shut up; to
seclude.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*cluse"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a recluse or
solitary manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cluse"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being recluse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*clu"sion</hw> (-kl&umacr;"zh&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>reclusio</i>: cf. F. <i>reclusion</i>.] <def>A state of
retirement from the world; seclusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*clu"sive</hw> (-s&ibreve;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Affording retirement from society.</def> "Some <i>reclusive</i>
and religious life."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*clu"so*ry</hw> (-s&osl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>reclusorium</i>.] <def>The habitation of a recluse; a
hermitage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*coct"</hw> (r&esl;*k&obreve;kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[L. <i>recoctus</i>, p. p. of <i>recoquere</i> to cook or boil over
again. See <u>Re-</u>, and 4th <u>Cook</u>.] <def>To boil or cook
again; hence, to make over; to vamp up; to reconstruct.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*coc"tion</hw> (r&esl;*k&obreve;k"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second coction or preparation; a vamping
up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`og*ni"tion</hw>
(r&ebreve;k`&obreve;g*n&ibreve;sh"&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recognitio</i>: cf. F. <i>recognition</i>. See
<u>Recognizance</u>.] <def>The act of recognizing, or the state of
being recognized; acknowledgment; formal avowal; knowledge confessed
or avowed; notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lives of such saints had, at the time of their
yearly memorials, solemn <i>recognition</i> in the church of
God.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cog"ni*tor</hw> (r&esl;*k&obreve;g"n&ibreve;*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One of a jury impaneled
on an assize.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cog"ni*to*ry</hw> (-t&osl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or connected with, recognition.</def>
<i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec`og*ni`za*bil"i*ty</hw>
(r&ebreve;k`&obreve;g*n&imacr;`z&adot;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or condition of being
recognizable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"og*ni`za*ble</hw>
(r&ebreve;k"&obreve;g*n&imacr;`z&adot;*b'l or
r&esl;*k&obreve;g"n&ibreve;-; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being recognized.</def> [Written also <i>recognisable</i>.] --
<wf>Rec"og*ni`za*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*cog"ni*zance</hw> (r&esl;*k&obreve;g"n&ibreve;*z<i>a</i>ns
or r&esl;*k&obreve;n"&ibreve;-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>reconnaissance</i>, OF. <i>recognoissance</i>, fr.
<i>recognoissant</i>, p. pr. of <i>recognoistre</i> to recognize, F.
<i>reconna&icirc;tre</i>, fr. L. <i>recognoscere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i>
re- + <i>cognoscere</i> to know. See <u>Cognizance</u>, <u>Know</u>,
and cf. <u>Recognize</u>, <u>Reconnoissance</u>.] [Written also
<i>recognisance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An obligation of record entered into before
some court of record or magistrate duly authorized, with condition to
do some particular act, as to appear at the same or some other court,
to keep the peace, or pay a debt. A <i>recognizance</i> differs from a
<i>bond</i>, being witnessed by the record only, and not by the
party's seal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The verdict of a jury
impaneled upon assize.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Among lawyers the <i>g</i> in this and the related words
(except <i>recognize</i>) is usually silent.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A token; a symbol; a pledge; a
badge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>recognizance</i> and pledge of love<BR>
Which I first gave her.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Acknowledgment of a person or thing;
avowal; profession; recognition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cog`ni*za"tion</hw> (-z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Recognition.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rec"og*nize</hw> (r&ebreve;k"&obreve;g*n&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Recognized</u> (-
n&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Recognizing</u> (-
n&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] [From <u>Recognizance</u>; see
<u>Cognition</u>, and cf. <u>Reconnoiter</u>.] [Written also
<i>recognise</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To know again; to perceive
the identity of, with a person or thing previously known; to recover
or recall knowledge of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Speak, vassal; <i>recognize</i> thy sovereign
queen.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To avow knowledge of; to allow that one
knows; to consent to admit, hold, or the like; to admit with a formal
acknowledgment; as, to <i>recognize</i> an obligation; to
<i>recognize</i> a consul.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To acknowledge acquaintance with, as by
salutation, bowing, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To show appreciation of; as, to
<i>recognize</i> services by a testimonial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To review; to re&euml;xamine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To reconnoiter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R.
Monro.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To acknowledge; avow; confess; own; allow; concede.
See <u>Acknowledge</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rec"og*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To
enter an obligation of record before a proper tribunal; as, A B
<i>recognized</i> in the sum of twenty dollars.</def> [Written also
<i>recognise</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; In legal usage in the United States the second syllable is
often accented.</p>

<p><hw>Re*cog`ni*zee"</hw> (r&esl;*k&obreve;g`n&ibreve;*z&emacr;" or
r&esl;*k&obreve;n`&ibreve;*z&emacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The person in whose favor a recognizance is
made.</def> [Written also <i>recognisee</i>.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"og*ni`zer</hw> (r&ebreve;k"&obreve;g*n&imacr;`z&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who recognizes; a recognizor.</def>
[Written also <i>recogniser</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*cog`ni*zor"</hw> (r&esl;*k&obreve;g`n&ibreve;*z&ocirc;r" or
r&esl;*k&obreve;n`&ibreve;*z&ocirc;r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>One who enters into a recognizance.</def> [Written
also <i>recognisor</i>.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"og*nosce</hw> (r&ebreve;k"&obreve;g*n&obreve;s), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [L. <i>recognoscere</i>. See <u>Recognizance</u>.]
<def>To recognize.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*coil"</hw> (r&esl;*koil"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Recoiled</u> (-koild"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Recoiling</u>.] [OE. <i>recoilen</i>, F.
<i>reculer</i>, fr. L. pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>culus</i> the
fundament. The English word was perhaps influenced in form by
<i>accoil</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To start, roll, bound, spring, or fall
back; to take a reverse motion; to be driven or forced backward; to
return.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evil on itself shall back <i>recoil</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The solemnity of her demeanor made it impossible . . .
that we should <i>recoil</i> into our ordinary spirits.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw back, as from anything repugnant,
distressing, alarming, or the like; to shrink.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To turn or go back; to withdraw one's self;
to retire.</def> [Obs.] "To your bowers <i>recoil</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*coil"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To draw or go
back.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*coil"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
starting or falling back; a rebound; a shrinking; as, the
<i>recoil</i> of nature, or of the blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or condition of having
recoiled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>recoil</i> from formalism is
skepticism.</blockquote> <i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the reaction or rebounding of
a firearm when discharged.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Recoil dynamometer</b></col> <i>(Gunnery)</i>, <cd>an
instrument for measuring the force of the recoil of a firearm.</cd> --
<col><b>Recoil escapement</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Escapement</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*coil"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, recoils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*coil"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner
of a recoil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*coil"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>reculement</i>.] <def>Recoil.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*coin"</hw> (r&emacr;*koin"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
coin anew or again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*coin"age</hw> (-&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of coining anew.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is coined anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`-col*lect"</hw> (r&emacr;`k&obreve;l*l&ebreve;kt"),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>collect</i>.] <def>To
collect again; to gather what has been scattered; as, to <i>re-
collect</i> routed troops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God will one day raise the dead, <i>re-collecting</i>
our scattered dust.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec`ol*lect"</hw> (r&ebreve;k`&obreve;l*l&ebreve;kt"),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Recollected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Recollecting</u>.] [Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>collect</i>: cf. L.
<i>recolligere</i>, <i>recollectum</i>, to collect.  Cf.
<u>Recollet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To recover or recall the
knowledge of; to bring back to the mind or memory; to
remember.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reflexively, to compose one's self; to
recover self-command; as, to <i>recollect</i> one's self after a burst
of anger; -- sometimes, formerly, in the perfect participle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Tyrian queen . . . <BR>
Admired his fortunes, more admired the man;<BR>
Then <i>recollected</i> stood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"ol*lect</hw> (r&ebreve;k"&obreve;l*l&ebreve;kt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Recollet</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A
friar of the Strict Observance, -- an order of Franciscans.</def>
[Written also <i>Recollet</i>.]  <i>Addis &amp; Arnold.</i></p>

<! p. 1200 !>

<p><hw>Rec`ol*lec"tion</hw> (r?k`?l*l?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;collection</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of recollecting, or recalling to the memory; the operation by which
objects are recalled to the memory, or ideas revived in the mind;
reminiscence; remembrance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power of recalling ideas to the mind,
or the period within which things can be recollected; remembrance;
memory; as, an event within my <i>recollection</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is recollected; something called
to mind; reminiscence.</def>  "One of his earliest
<i>recollections</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of collecting or
concentrating the mind; concentration; self-control.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>From such an education Charles contracted habits of
gravity and <i>recollection</i>.</blockquote> <i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reminiscence; remembrance. See <u>Memory</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rec`ol*lect"ive</hw> (-l?k"t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the power of recollecting.</def>  <i>J. Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"ol*let</hw> (r?k"?l*l?t; F. r?`k?`l?"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;collet</i>, fr. L.
<i>recollectus</i>, p. p. of <i>recolligere</i> to gather again, to
gather up; NL., to collect one's self, esp. for religious
contemplation.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Recollect</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Re*col`o*ni*za"tion</hw> (r?*k?l`?*n?*z?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second or renewed colonization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*col"o*nize</hw> (r?*k?l"?*n?z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To colonize again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*com`bi*na"tion</hw> (r?*k?m`b?*n?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Combination a second or additional
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`com*bine"</hw> (r?`k?m*b?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To combine again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*com"fort</hw> (r?*k?m"f?rt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>comfort</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;conforter</i>.]
<def>To comfort again; to console anew; to give new strength to.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gan her <i>recomfort</i> from so sad
affright.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*com"fort*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
comfort.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*com"for*ture</hw> (-f?r*t?r;135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of recomforting; restoration of comfort.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`com*mence"</hw> (r?`k?m*m?ns"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To commence or begin again.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To begin anew to be; to act again as.</def>
[Archaic.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He seems desirous enough of <i>recommencing</i>
courtier.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`com*mence"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-</i> +
<i>commence</i>: cf. F. <i>recommencer</i>.] <def>To commence again or
anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`com*mence"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A commencement made anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`om*mend"</hw> (r?k`?m*m?nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Recommended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Recommending</u>.] [Pref. <i>re-</i> +
<i>commend</i>: cf. F. <i>recommander</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
commend to the favorable notice of another; to commit to another's
care, confidence, or acceptance, with favoring representations; to put
in a favorable light before any one; to bestow commendation on; as, he
<i>recommended</i> resting the mind and exercising the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>M&aelig;cenas <i>recommended</i> Virgil and Horace to
Augustus, whose praises . . . have made him precious to
posterity.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make acceptable; to attract favor
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A decent boldness ever meets with friends,<BR>
Succeeds, and e'en a stranger <i>recommends</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To commit; to give in charge; to
commend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Paul chose Silas and departed, being <i>recommended</i>
by the brethren unto the grace of God.</blockquote> <i>Acts xv.
40.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec`om*mend"a*ble</hw> (-?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>recommandable</i>.] <def>Suitable to be recommended; worthy of
praise; commendable.</def> <i>Glanvill.</i> --
<wf>Rec`om*mend"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rec`om*mend"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rec`om*men*da"tion</hw> (r?k`?m*m?n*d?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>recommandation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of recommending.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which recommends, or commends to
favor; anything procuring, or tending to procure, a favorable
reception, or to secure acceptance and adoption; as, he brought
excellent <i>recommendations</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being recommended;
esteem.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The burying of the dead . . . hath always been had in
an extraordinary <i>recommendation</i> amongst the
ancient.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec`om*mend"a*tive</hw> (-m?nd"?*t?v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>That which recommends; a recommendation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rec`om*mend"a*to*ry</hw> (-?*t?*r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Serving to recommend; recommending; commendatory.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec`om*mend"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
recommends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`com*mis"sion</hw> (r?`k?m*m?sh?n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To commission again; to give a new commission to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Officers whose time of service had expired were to be
<i>recommissioned</i>.</blockquote> <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`com*mit"</hw> (-m?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
commit again; to give back into keeping; specifically, to refer again
to a committee; as, to <i>recommit</i> a bill to the same
committee.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re`com*mit"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <hw>Re`com*mit"tal</hw>
(-?l), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second or renewed commitment; a
renewed reference to a committee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`com*pact"</hw> (-p?kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
compact or join anew.</def> "<i>Recompact</i> my scattered body."
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*com`pen*sa"tion</hw> (r?*k?m`p?n*s?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL. <i>recompensatio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Recompense.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>Used to denote a case
where a set-off pleaded by the defendant is met by a set-off pleaded
by the plaintiff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"om*pense</hw> (r&ebreve;k"&obreve;m*p&ebreve;ns),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Recompensed</u> (-p?nst); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Recompensing</u> (-p?n`s?ng).] [F. <i>r&eacute;compenser</i>, LL.
<i>recompensare</i>, fr.L. pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>compensare</i> to
compensate. See <u>Compensate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render
an equivalent to, for service, loss, etc.; to requite; to remunerate;
to compensate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He can not <i>recompense</i> me better.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To return an equivalent for; to give
compensation for; to atone for; to pay for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>recompenseth</i> the gift.</blockquote>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>recompense</i><BR>
My rash, but more unfortunate, misdeed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give in return; to pay back; to pay, as
something earned or deserved.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Recompense</i> to no man evil for evil.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. xii. 17.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To repay; requite; compensate; reward;
remunerate.</p>

<p><hw>Rec"om*pense</hw> (r?k"?m*p?ns), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To give recompense; to make amends or requital.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rec"om*pense</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;compense</i>.] <def>An equivalent returned for anything
done, suffered, or given; compensation; requital; suitable
return.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To me belongeth vengeance, and
<i>recompense</i>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxii. 35.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And every transgression and disobedience received a
just <i>recompense</i> of reward.</blockquote> <i>Heb. ii. 2.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Repayment; compensation; remuneration; amends;
satisfaction; reward; requital.</p>

<p><hw>Rec"om*pense`ment</hw> (-p?ns`m?nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Recompense; requital.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"om*pen`ser</hw> (-p?n`s?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who recompenses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thankful <i>recompenser</i> of the benefits
received.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"om*pen`sive</hw> (-s?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of recompense; serving to recompense.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*com`pi*la"tion</hw> (r?*k?m`p?*l?"tion),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A new compilation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`com*pile"</hw> (r&emacr;`k&obreve;m*p&imacr;l"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To compile anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`com*pile"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of recompiling; new compilation or digest; as, a
<i>recompilement</i> of the laws.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`com*pose"</hw> (-p?z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Recomposed</u> (-p?zd"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Recomposing</u>.] [Pref. <i>re-</i> +
<i>compose</i>: cf. F. <i>recomposer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
compose again; to form anew; to put together again or
repeatedly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The far greater number of the objects presented to our
observation can only be decomposed, but not actually
<i>recomposed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To restore to composure; to quiet anew; to
tranquilize; as, to <i>recompose</i> the mind.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`com*pos"er</hw> (-p?z"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
recomposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*com`po*si"tion</hw> (r?*k?m`p?z?sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>recomposition</i>.] <def>The act of recomposing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"on*ci`la*ble</hw> (r?k"?n*s?`l?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;conciliable</i>.] <def>Capable of being
reconciled; as, <i>reconcilable</i> adversaries; an act
<i>reconciable</i> with previous acts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The different accounts of the numbers of ships are
<i>reconcilable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Rec"on*ci`la*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rec"on*ci`la*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rec"on*cile`</hw> (-s?l`), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reconciled</u> (-s?ld`); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reconciling</u>.] [F.
<i>r&eacute;concilier</i>, L. <i>reconciliare</i>; pref. <i>re-</i>
re- + <i>conciliare</i> to bring together, to unite. See
<u>Conciliate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be friendly
again; to conciliate anew; to restore to friendship; to bring back to
harmony; to cause to be no longer at variance; as, to <i>reconcile</i>
persons who have quarreled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Propitious now and <i>reconciled</i> by
prayer.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The church [if defiled] is interdicted till it be
<i>reconciled</i> [i.e., restored to sanctity] by the
bishop.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We pray you . . . be ye <i>reconciled</i> to
God.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. v. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring to acquiescence, content, or quiet
submission; as, to <i>reconcile</i> one's self to
affictions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make consistent or congruous; to bring
to agreement or suitableness; -- followed by <i>with</i> or
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great men among the ancients understood how to
<i>reconcile</i> manual labor with affairs of state.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some figures monstrous and misshaped appear,<BR>
Considered singly, or beheld too near;<BR>
Which, but proportioned to their light or place,<BR>
Due distance <i>reconciles</i> to form and grace.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To adjust; to settle; as, to
<i>reconcile</i> differences.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reunite; conciliate; placate; propitiate; pacify;
appease.</p>

<p><hw>Rec"on*cile`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
reconciled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rec"on*cile`ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reconciliation.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"on*ci`ler</hw> (-s?`l?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
reconciles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`on*cil`i*a"tion</hw> (-s?l`?*?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>r&eacute;conciliation</i>, L.  <i>reconciliatio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of reconciling, or the state of being
reconciled; reconcilenment; restoration to harmony; renewal of
friendship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reconciliation</i> and friendship with God really
form the basis of all rational and true enjoyment.</blockquote> <i>S.
Miller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reduction to congruence or consistency;
removal of inconsistency; harmony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A clear and easy <i>reconciliation</i> of those seeming
inconsistencies of Scripture.</blockquote> <i>D. Rogers.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reconcilement; reunion; pacification; appeasement;
propitiation; atonement; expiation.</p>

<p><hw>Rec`on*cil"i*a*to*ry</hw> (-s?l"?*?*t?*r?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving or tending to reconcile.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*con`den*sa"tion</hw> (r?*k?n`d?n*s?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
recondensing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*dense"</hw> (r&emacr;`k&obreve;n*d&ebreve;ns"),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To condense again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"on*dite</hw> (r?k"?n*d?t or r?*k?n"d?t; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>reconditus</i>, p. p. of <i>recondere</i>
to put up again, to lay up, to conceal; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>condere</i> to bring or lay together. See <u>Abscond</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hidden from the mental or intellectual view;
secret; abstruse; as, <i>recondite</i> causes of things.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dealing in things abstruse; profound;
searching; as, <i>recondite</i> studies.</def> "<i>Recondite</i>
learning."  <i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*con"di*to*ry</hw> (r?k?n"d?*t?*r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>reconditorium</i>.] <def>A repository; a storehouse.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*duct"</hw> (r&emacr;`k&obreve;n*d&ubreve;kt"),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To conduct back or again.</def> "A guide
to <i>reconduct</i> thy steps."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*firm"</hw> (-f?rm"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>confirm</i>: cf. F. <i>reconfirmer</i>.] <def>To
confirm anew.</def>  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*fort"</hw> (-f?rt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;conforter</i>.] <def>To recomfort; to comfort.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*join"</hw> (r?`k?n*join"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To join or conjoin anew.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*con"nois*sance</hw>, <hw>Re*con"nais*sance</hw>  } (r?-
k?n"n?s-s?ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Recognizance</u>.]
<def>The act of reconnoitering; preliminary examination or
survey.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An
examination or survey of a region in reference to its general
geological character.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Engin.)</i>
<def>An examination of a region as to its general natural features,
preparatory to a more particular survey for the purposes of
triangulation, or of determining the location of a public work.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An examination of a territory,
or of an enemy's position, for the purpose of obtaining information
necessary for directing military operations; a preparatory
expedition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reconnoissance in force</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a
demonstration or attack by a large force of troops for the purpose of
discovering the position and strength of an enemy.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rec`on*noi"ter</hw>, <hw>Rec`on*noi"tre</hw>  }
(r?k`?n*noi"t?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.  <i>reconnoitre</i>, a
former spelling of <i>reconna&icirc;tre</i>. See <u>Recognize</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To examine with the eye to make a preliminary
examination or survey of; esp., to survey with a view to military or
engineering operations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To recognize.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*con"quer</hw> (r?*k?n"k?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i>  + <i>conquer</i>: cf. F. <i>reconqu&eacute;rir</i>.]
<def>To conquer again; to recover by conquest; as, to <i>reconquer</i>
a revolted province.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*con"quest</hw> (-kw?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second
conquest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*con"se*crate</hw> (-k?n"s?*kr?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To consecrate anew or again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*con`se*cra"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Renewed
consecration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*sid"er</hw> (r?`k?n*s?d"?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To consider again; as, to <i>reconsider</i> a
subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Parliamentary Practice)</i> <def>To take up
for renewed consideration, as a motion or a vote which has been
previously acted upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*sid`er*a"tion</hw> (-?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of reconsidering, or the state of being reconsidered; as,
the <i>reconsideration</i> of a vote in a legislative body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*con"so*late</hw> (r?*k?n"s?*l?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To console or comfort again.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*sol"i*date</hw> (r?`k?n*s?l"?*d?t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To consolidate anew or again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*sol`i*da"tion</hw> (-d?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act or process of reconsolidating; the state of being
reconsolidated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*struct"</hw> (-str?kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
construct again; to rebuild; to remodel; to form again or
anew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Regiments had been dissolved and
<i>reconstructed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*struc"tion</hw> (-str?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of constructing again; the state of
being reconstructed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(U.S. Politics)</i> <def>The act or process
of reorganizing the governments of the States which had passed
ordinances of secession, and of re&euml;stablishing their
constitutional relations to the national government, after the close
of the Civil War.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*struct"ive</hw> (-str?k"t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Reconstructing; tending to reconstruct; as, a
<i>reconstructive</i> policy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*tin"u*ance</hw> (-t?n"?*?ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act or state of recontinuing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*tin"ue</hw> (-?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
continue anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*vene"</hw> (r?`k?n*v?n"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To convene or assemble again; to call or come together
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*ven"tion</hw> (-v?n"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>A cross demand; an action brought by the
defendant against the plaintiff before the same judge.</def>
<i>Burrill. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*ver"sion</hw> (-v?r"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
second conversion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*vert"</hw> (-v?rt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
convert again.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*con"vert</hw> (r?*k?n"v?rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
person who has been reconverted.</def>  <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*vert"i*ble</hw> (r?`k?n*v?rt"?*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of being reconverted;
convertible again to the original form or condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*vey"</hw> (-v?"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convey back or to the former place; as, to
<i>reconvey</i> goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To transfer back to a former owner; as, to
<i>reconvey</i> an estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*vey"ance</hw> (-v?"?ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act
of reconveying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cop"y</hw> (r?*k?p"?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To copy
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cord"</hw> (r?*k?rd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Recorded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Recording</u>.] [OE. <i>recorden</i> to repeat, remind, F.
<i>recorder</i>, fr. L. <i>recordari</i> to remember; pref. <i>re-</i>
re- + <i>cor</i>, <i>cordis</i>, the heart or mind. See
<u>Cordial</u>, <u>Heart</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To recall to
mind; to recollect; to remember; to meditate.</def> [Obs.] "I it you
<i>record</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To repeat; to recite; to sing or
play.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They longed to see the day, to hear the lark<BR>
<i>Record</i> her hymns, and chant her carols blest.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To preserve the memory of, by committing to
writing, to printing, to inscription, or the like; to make note of; to
write or enter in a book or on parchment, for the purpose of
preserving authentic evidence of; to register; to enroll; as, to
<i>record</i> the proceedings of a court; to <i>record</i> historical
events.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those things that are <i>recorded</i> of him . . . are
written in the chronicles of the kings.</blockquote> <i>1 Esd. i.
42.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To record a deed</b></col>, <col><b>mortgage</b></col>,
<col><b>lease</b></col>, <cd>etc., to have a copy of the same entered
in the records of the office designated by law, for the information of
the public.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*cord"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To reflect; to ponder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Praying all the way, and <i>recording</i> upon the
words which he before had read.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sing or repeat a tune.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether the birds or she <i>recorded</i>
best.</blockquote> <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"ord</hw> (r&ebreve;k"&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>recort</i>, <i>record</i>, remembrance, attestation, record. See
<u>Record</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
writing by which some act or event, or a number of acts or events, is
recorded; a register; as, a <i>record</i> of the acts of the Hebrew
kings; a <i>record</i> of the variations of temperature during a
certain time; a family <i>record</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An official
contemporaneous writing by which the acts of some public body, or
public officer, are recorded; as, a <i>record</i> of city ordinances;
the <i>records</i> of the receiver of taxes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An authentic official copy of a document which has been entered
in a book, or deposited in the keeping of some officer designated by
law.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An official contemporaneous
memorandum stating the proceedings of a court of justice; a judicial
record.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The various legal papers used
in a case, together with memoranda of the proceedings of the court;
as, it is not permissible to allege facts not in the
<i>record</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Testimony; witness; attestation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>John bare <i>record</i>, saying.</blockquote> <i>John
i. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which serves to perpetuate a knowledge
of acts or events; a monument; a memorial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which has been, or might be, recorded;
the known facts in the course, progress, or duration of anything, as
in the life of a public man; as, a politician with a good or a bad
<i>record</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1201 !></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which has been publicly achieved in
any kind of competitive sport as recorded in some authoritative
manner, as the time made by a winning horse in a race.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Court of record</b></col> (<i>pron.</i> r&?;*k&?;rd" <i>in
Eng.</i>), <cd>a court whose acts and judicial proceedings are written
on parchment or in books for a perpetual memorial.</cd> --
<col><b>Debt of record</b></col>, <cd>a debt which appears to be due
by the evidence of a court of record, as upon a judgment or a
cognizance.</cd> -- <col><b>Trial by record</b></col>, <cd>a trial
which is had when a matter of record is pleaded, and the opposite
party pleads that there is no such record. In this case the trial is
by inspection of the record itself, no other evidence being
admissible.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>To beat</b></col>, or
<col><b>break</b></col>, <col><b>the record</b></col>
<i>(Sporting)</i>, <cd>to surpass any performance of like kind as
authoritatively recorded; as, <i>to break the record</i> in a walking
match.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*cord"ance</hw> (r?*k?rd"?ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Remembrance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rec`or*da"tion</hw> (r?k`?r*d?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recordatio</i>: cf. F.  <i>recordation</i>. See <u>Record</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Remembrance; recollection; also, a
record.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cord"er</hw> (r?*k?rd"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who records; specifically, a person whose
official duty it is to make a record of writings or
transactions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The title of the chief judical officer of
some cities and boroughs; also, of the chief justice of an East Indian
settlement. The Recorder of London is judge of the Lord Mayor's Court,
and one of the commissioners of the Central Criminal Court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kind of wind instrument
resembling the flageolet.</def> [Obs.] "Flutes and soft
<i>recorders</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cord"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
recorder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cord"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Keeping a record or
a register; as, a <i>recording</i> secretary; -- applied to numerous
instruments with an automatic appliance which makes a record of their
action; as, a <i>recording</i> gauge or telegraph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`cor*por`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (r?`k?r*p?r`?*f?*k?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of investing again with a body; the
state of being furnished anew with a body.</def> [R.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*couch"</hw> (r?*kouch"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>couch</i>: cf. F. <i>recoucher</i>.] <def>To retire
again to a couch; to lie down again.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*count"</hw> (r&emacr;*kount"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>re-</i>  + <i>count</i>.] <def>To count or reckon
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*count"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A counting again, as
of votes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*count"</hw> (r&esl;*kount"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>raconter</i> to relate, to recount; pref. <i>re-</i> again + &?;
(L. <i>ad</i>.) + <i>conter</i> to relate. See <u>Count</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To tell over; to relate in detail; to
recite; to tell or narrate the particulars of; to rehearse; to
enumerate; as, to <i>recount</i> one's blessings.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To all his angels, who, with true applause,<BR>
<i>Recount</i> his praises.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*count`ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Recital.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*coup"</hw>, <hw>Re*coupe"</hw>  } (-k??p"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [F. <i>recouper</i>; pref.  <i>re-</i>  re- +
<i>couper</i> to cut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To keep
back rightfully (a part), as if by cutting off, so as to diminish a
sum due; to take off (a part) from damages; to deduct; as, where a
landlord <i>recouped</i> the rent of premises from damages awarded to
the plaintiff for eviction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To get an equivalent or compensation for;
as, to <i>recoup</i> money lost at the gaming table; to <i>recoup</i>
one's losses in the share market.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reimburse; to indemnify; -- often used
reflexively and in the passive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Elizabeth had lost her venture; but if she was bold,
she might <i>recoup</i> herself at Philip's cost.</blockquote>
<i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Industry is sometimes <i>recouped</i> for a small price
by extensive custom.</blockquote> <i>Duke of Argyll.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*coup"er</hw> (r?*k??p"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
recoups.</def>  <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*coup"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of recouping.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Recoupment</i> applies to equities growing out of the
very affair from which thw principal demand arises, <i>set-off</i> to
cross-demands which may be independent in origin.  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*course"</hw> (r?*k?rs"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>recours</i>, L. <i>recursus</i> a running back, return, fr.
<i>recurrere</i>, <i>recursum</i>, to run back. See <u>Recur</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A coursing back, or coursing again, along the
line of a previous coursing; renewed course; return; retreat;
recurence.</def> [Obs.] "Swift <i>recourse</i> of flushing blood."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Unto my first I will have my
<i>recourse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Preventive physic . . . preventeth sickness in the
healthy, or the <i>recourse thereof in the
valetudinary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Recurrence in difficulty, perplexity, need,
or the like; access or application for aid; resort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus died this great peer, in a time of great
<i>recourse</i> unto him and dependence upon him.</blockquote> <i>Sir
H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our last <i>recourse</i> is therefore to our
art.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Access; admittance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Give me <i>recourse</i> to him.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Without recourse</b></col> <i>(Commerce)</i>, <cd>words
sometimes added to the indorsement of a negotiable instrument to
protect the indorser from liability to the indorsee and subsequent
holders. It is a restricted indorsement.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*course"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To return; to recur.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The flame departing and <i>recoursing</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have recourse; to resort.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*course"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
recurring flow and ebb; moving alternately.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cov"er</hw> (r?*k?v"?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> +  <i>cover</i>: cf. F.  <i>recouvrir</i>.] <def>To cover
again.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cov"er</hw> (r?*k?v"?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Recovered</u> (-?rd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Recovering</u>. ] [OE. <i>recoveren</i>, OF.
<i>recovrer</i>, F. <i>recouvrer</i>, from L. <i>recuperare</i>; pref.
<i>re-</i>  re + a word of unknown origin.  Cf.<u>Recuperate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To get or obtain again; to get renewed
possession of; to win back; to regain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>David <i>recovered</i> all that the Amalekites had
carried away.</blockquote> <i>1. Sam. xxx. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make good by reparation; to make up for;
to retrieve; to repair the loss or injury of; as, to <i>recover</i>
lost time.</def> "Loss of catel may <i>recovered</i> be."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Even good men have many failings and lapses to lament
and <i>recover</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To restore from sickness, faintness, or the
like; to bring back to life or health; to cure; to heal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wine in my bottle will <i>recover</i>
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To overcome; to get the better of, -- as a
state of mind or body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do hope to <i>recover</i> my late hurt.</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When I had <i>recovered</i> a little my first
surprise.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To rescue; to deliver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That they may <i>recover</i> themselves out of the
snare of the devil, who are taken captive by him.</blockquote> <i>2.
Tim. ii. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To gain by motion or effort; to obtain; to
reach; to come to.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The forest is not three leagues off;<BR>
If we <i>recover</i> that, we're sure enough.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Except he could <i>recover</i> one of the Cities of
Refuge he was to die.</blockquote> <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To gain as a compensation; to
obtain in return for injury or debt; as, to <i>recover</i> damages in
trespass; to <i>recover</i> debt and costs in a suit at law; to obtain
title to by judgement in a court of law; as, to <i>recover</i> lands
in ejectment or common recovery; to gain by legal process; as, to
<i>recover</i> judgement against a defendant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Recover arms</b></col> <i>(Mil. Drill)</i>, <cd>a command
whereby the piece is brought from the position of "aim" to that of
"ready."</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To regain; repossess; resume; retrieve; recruit;
heal; cure.</p>

<p><hw>Re*cov"er</hw> (r?*k?v"?r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To regain health after sickness; to grow well;
to be restored or cured; hence, to regain a former state or condition
after misfortune, alarm, etc.; -- often followed by <i>of</i> or
<i>from</i>; as, to <i>recover</i> from a state of poverty; to
<i>recover</i> from fright.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, inquire of Baal-zebub, the god of Ekron, whether I
shall <i>recover</i> of this disease.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings i.
2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make one's way; to come; to
arrive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With much ado the Christians <i>recovered</i> to
Antioch.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To obtain a judgement; to
succeed in a lawsuit; as, the plaintiff has <i>recovered</i> in his
suit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cov"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Recovery.</def>
<i>Sir T. Malory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cov"er*a*ble</hw> (-?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>recouvrable</i>.] <def>Capable of being recovered or regained;
capable of being brought back to a former condition, as from sickness,
misfortune, etc.; obtainable from a debtor or possessor; as, the debt
is <i>recoverable</i>; goods lost or sunk in the ocean are not
<i>recoverable</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A prodigal course<BR>
Is like the sun's; but not, like his, <i>recoverable</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I am <i>recoverable</i>, why am I thus?</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*cov"er*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re cov"er*ance</hw> (-<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Recovery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*cov`er*ee"</hw> (-&emacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The person against whom a judgment is obtained in
common recovery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cov"er*er</hw> (r?*k?v"?r*?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who recovers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cov`er*or"</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The demandant in a common recovery after judgment.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cov"er*y</hw> (r?*k?v"?r*?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of recovering, regaining, or retaking
possession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Restoration from sickness, weakness,
faintness, or the like; restoration from a condition of mistortune, of
fright, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The obtaining in a suit at law
of a right to something by a verdict and judgment of court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The getting, or gaining, of something not
previously had.</def> [Obs.] "Help be past <i>recovery</i>."
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In rowing, the act of regaining the proper
position for making a new stroke.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Common recovery</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a species of
common assurance or mode of conveying lands by matter of record,
through the forms of an action at law, formerly in frequent use, but
now abolished or obsolete, both in England and America.</cd>
<i>Burrill. Warren.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"re*ance</hw> (r?k"r?*?ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Recreancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"re*an*cy</hw> (-<i>a</i>n*s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being recreant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"re*ant</hw> (-<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.,
cowardly, fr. <i>recroire</i>, <i>recreire</i>, to forsake, leave,
tire, discourage, regard as conquered, LL. <i>recredere se</i> to
declare one's self conquered in combat; hence, those are called
<i>recrediti</i> or <i>recreanti</i> who are considered infamous; L.
pref. <i>re-</i> again, back + <i>credere</i> to believe, to be of
opinion; hence, originally, to disavow one's opinion. See
<u>Creed</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Crying for mercy, as a
combatant in the trial by battle; yielding; cowardly; mean-spirited;
craven.</def> "This <i>recreant</i> knight."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apostate; false; unfaithful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who, for so many benefits received,<BR>
Turned <i>recreant</i> to God, ingrate and false.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"re*ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who yields in
combat, and begs for mercy; a mean-spirited, cowardly wretch.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You are all <i>recreants</i> and dastards!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`-cre*ate"</hw> (r?`kr?*?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>create</i>.] <def>To create or form anew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On opening the campaign of 1776, instead of
re&euml;nforcing, it was necessary to <i>re-create</i>, the
army.</blockquote> <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"re*ate</hw> (rk"r*t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Recreated</u> (-`td); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Recreating</u>.] [L. <i>recreatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>recreate</i> to create anew, to refresh; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>creare</i> to create. See <u>Create</u>.] <def>To give fresh life
to; to reanimate; to revive; especially, to refresh after wearying
toil or anxiety; to relieve; to cheer; to divert; to amuse; to
gratify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Painters, when they work on white grounds, place before
them colors mixed with blue and green, to <i>recreate</i> their eyes,
white wearying . . . the sight more than any.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>St. John, who <i>recreated</i> himself with sporting
with a tame partridge.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These ripe fruits <i>recreate</i> the nostrils with
their aromatic scent.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"re*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take
recreation.</def>  <i>L. Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"re*a"tion</hw> (-?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;cr&eacute;ation</i>, L. <i>recreatio</i>.] <def>The act of
recreating, or the state of being recreated; refreshment of the
strength and spirits after toil; amusement; diversion; sport;
pastime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`-cre*a"tion</hw> (r?`kr?*?sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Re-create</u>.] <def>A forming anew; a new creation or
formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`-cre*a"tive</hw> (-?`t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Creating anew; as, <i>re-creative</i> power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"re*a`tive</hw> (r?k"r?*?`t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;cr&eacute;atif</i>. See <u>Recreate</u>.] <def>Tending to
recreate or refresh; recreating; giving new vigor or animation;
reinvigorating; giving relief after labor or pain; amusing;
diverting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the music of them be
<i>recreative</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>--- <wf>Rec"re*a`tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rec"re*a`tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rec"re*ment</hw> (r?k"r?*m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recrementum</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>cernere</i>,
<i>cretum</i>, to separate, sift: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;cr&eacute;ment</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Superfluous
matter separated from that which is useful; dross; scoria; as, the
<i>recrement</i> of ore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Excrement.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A substance
secreted from the blood and again absorbed by it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`re*men"tal</hw> (-m?n"t<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Recrementitious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`re*men*ti"tial</hw> (-m?n*t?sh"<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;cr&eacute;mentitiel</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of the nature of a recrement. See <u>Recrement</u>,
2 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def> "<i>Recrementitial</i> fluids."
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec`re*men*ti"tious</hw> (-t?sh"?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to recrement; consisting of recrement or
dross.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*crim"i*nate</hw> (r?*kr?m"?*n?t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[Pref.  <i>re-</i> + <i>criminate</i>: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;criminer</i>, LL. <i>recriminare</i>.] <def>To return one
charge or accusation with another; to charge back fault or crime upon
an accuser.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not my business to <i>recriminate</i>, hoping
sufficiently to clear myself in this matter.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*crim"i*nate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To accuse in
return.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*crim`i*na"tion</hw> (-n?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;crimination</i>, LL. <i>recriminatio</i>.] <def>The act of
recriminating; an accusation brought by the accused against the
accuser; a counter accusation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Accusations and <i>recriminations</i> passed backward
and forward between the contending parties.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*crim"i*na*tive</hw> (-n?*t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Recriminatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*crim"i*na`tor</hw> (-n?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who recriminates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*crim"i*na*to*ry</hw> (-n?*t?*r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>r&eacute;criminatoire</i>.] <def>Having the quality of
recrimination; retorting accusation; recriminating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cross"</hw> (r?*kr?s";115), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
cross a second time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cru"den*cy</hw> (r&esl;*kr&udd;"d<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Recrudescence.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re`cru*des"cence</hw> (r?`kr?*d?s"s<i>e</i>ns),
<hw>Re`cru*des`cen*cy</hw> (-d?s"s<i>e</i>n*s?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>recrudescence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or condition of being
recrudescent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>A recrudescence</i> of barbarism may condemn it
[land] to chronic poverty and waste.</blockquote> <i>Duke of
Argyll.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Increased severity of a
disease after temporary remission.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`cru*des"cent</hw> (-s<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recrudescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>recrudescere</i> to
become raw again; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>crudescere</i> to become
hard or raw: cf. F. <i>recrudescent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Growing raw, sore, or painful again.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Breaking out again after temporary
abatement or supression; as, a <i>recrudescent</i> epidemic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cruit"</hw> (r?*kr?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Recruited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Recruiting</u>.] [F. <i>recruter</i>, corrupted (under
influence of <i>recrue</i> recruiting, recruit, from
<i>recro&icirc;/tre</i>, p. p. <i>recr&ucirc;</i>, to grow again) from
an older <i>recluter</i>, properly, to patch, to mend (a garment);
pref. <i>re-</i> + OF. <i>clut</i> piece, piece of cloth; cf. Icel.
<i>kl&umacr;tr</i> kerchief, E. <i>clout</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To repair by fresh supplies, as anything wasted; to remedy lack
or deficiency in; as, food <i>recruits</i> the flesh; fresh air and
exercise <i>recruit</i> the spirits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her cheeks glow the brighter, <i>recruiting</i> their
color.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to restore the wasted vigor of; to
renew in strength or health; to reinvigorate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To supply with new men, as an army; to fill
up or make up by enlistment; as, he <i>recruited</i> two regiments;
the army was <i>recruited</i> for a campaign; also, to muster; to
enlist; as, he <i>recruited</i> fifty men.</def>  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cruit"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To gain new supplies of anything wasted; to gain health, flesh,
spirits, or the like; to recuperate; as, lean cattle <i>recruit</i> in
fresh pastures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gain new supplies of men for military or
other service; to raise or enlist new soldiers; to enlist
troops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cruit"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
supply of anything wasted or exhausted; a
re&euml;nforcement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The state is to have <i>recruits</i> to its strength,
and remedies to its distempers.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a man enlisted for service in
the army; a newly enlisted soldier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cruit"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, recruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cruit"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act or process of recruiting; especially, the enlistment of
men for an army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*crys`tal*li*za"tion</hw>
(r&emacr;*kr&ibreve;s`t<i>a</i>l*l&ibreve;*z&amacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem. &amp; Min.)</i> <def>The process or
recrystallizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*crys"tal*lize</hw>
(r&emacr;*kr&ibreve;s"t<i>a</i>l*l&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. i. &
t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem. &amp; Min.)</i> <def>To crystallize again.</def>
<i>Henry.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"tal</hw> (r?k"t<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the rectum; in the region of
the rectum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"tan`gle</hw> (r?k"t??`g'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
L.  <i>rectus</i> right + <i>angulus</i> angle. See <u>Right</u>, and
<u>Angle</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A four-sided figure having only
right angles; a right-angled parallelogram.</def></p>

<p>&fist; As the area of a <i>rectangle</i> is expressed by the
product of its two dimensions, the term <i>rectangle</i> is sometimes
used for <i>product</i>; as, the <i>rectangle</i> of <i>a</i> and
<i>b</i>, that is, <i>ab</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Rec"tan`gle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rectangular.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rec"tan`gled</hw> (-g'ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Rectangular.</def>  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec*tan"gu*lar</hw> (r?k*t?n"g?*l?r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF.
F. <i>rectangulaire</i>.] <def>Right-angled; having one or more angles
of ninety degrees.</def> -- <wf>Rec*tan"gu*lar*ly</wf>
(r&?;k*t&?;n"g&?;*l&?;r*l&?;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rec*tan"gu*lar*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rec*tan`gu*lar"i*ty</hw> (-l?r"?*t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or condition of being rectangular, or right-
angled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"ti-</hw> (r?k"t?*). [L. <i>rectus</i> straight.] <def>A
combining form signifying <i>straight</i>; as, <i>recti</i>lineal,
having straight lines; <i>recti</i>nerved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"ti*fi`a*ble</hw> (r?k"t?*f?`?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being rectified; as, a
<i>rectifiable</i> mistake.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1202 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Admitting, as a curve, of
the construction of a straight l&?;&?;e equal in length to any
definite portion of the curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (r?k`t?*f?*k?1sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>rectification</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or operation of rectifying; as, the <i>rectification</i>
of an error; the <i>rectification</i> of spirits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After the <i>rectification</i> of his views, he was
incapable of compromise with profounder shapes of error.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The determination of a
straight line whose length is equal a portion of a curve.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rectification of a globe</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>its adjustment preparatory to the solution of a proposed
problem.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rec"ti*fi*ca`tor</hw> (r?k"t?*f?*k?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>That which rectifies or refines; esp., a part of a
distilling apparatus in which the more volatile portions are separated
from the less volatile by the process of evaporation and condensation;
a rectifier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"ti*fi`er</hw> (r?k"t?*f?`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, rectifies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> An instrument used for determining and rectifying the
variations of the compass on board ship. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Chem.)</i> A rectificator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"ti*fy</hw> (-f?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rectified</u> (-f?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rectifying</u> (-f?`?ng).] [F. <i>rectifier</i>, LL.
<i>rectificare</i>; L. <i>rectus</i> right + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.)
to make. See <u>Right</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make or set right; to correct from a wrong, erroneous, or false state;
to amend; as, to <i>rectify</i> errors, mistakes, or abuses; to
<i>rectify</i> the will, the judgment, opinions; to <i>rectify</i>
disorders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I meant to <i>rectify</i> my conscience.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This was an error of opinion which a conflicting
opinion would have <i>rectified</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To refine or purify by
repeated distillation or sublimation, by which the fine parts of a
substance are separated from the grosser; as, to <i>rectify</i> spirit
of wine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To produce ( as factitious
gin or brandy) by redistilling low wines or ardent spirits (whisky,
rum, etc.), flavoring substances, etc., being added.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To rectify a globe</b></col>, <cd>to adjust it in order to
prepare for the solution of a proposed problem.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To amend; emend; correct; better; mend; reform;
redress; adjust; regulate; improve. See <u>Amend</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Rec`ti*lin"e*al</hw> (-l?n"?*<i>a</i>l),
<hw>Rec`ti*lin"e*ar</hw> (-l?n"?*?r), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Recti-</i> +  <i>lineal</i>, <i>linear</i>.] <def>Straight;
consisting of a straight line or lines; bounded by straight lines; as,
a <i>rectineal</i> angle; a <i>rectilinear</i> figure or course.</def>
-- <wf>Rec`ti*lin"e*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rec`ti*lin"e*ar*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rec`ti*lin`e*ar"i*ty</hw> (-?r"?*t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being rectilinear.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec`ti*lin"e*ous</hw> (-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Rectilinear.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"ti*nerved`</hw> (r?k"t?*n?rrvd`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Recti-</i> + <i>nerve</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the veins or
nerves straight; -- said of leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"tion</hw> (r?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rectio</i>, fr. <i>regere</i> to rule or govern.] <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>See <u>Government</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</def>
<i>Gibbs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec`ti*ros"tral</hw> (r?k`t?*r?s"tr<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Recti-</i> +  <i>rostral</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a straight beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`ti*se"ri*al</hw> (-s?"r?*<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Recti-</i> +  <i>serial</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Arranged in
exactly vertical ranks, as the leaves on stems of many kinds; --
opposed to <i>curviserial</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rec*ti"tis</hw> (r?k*t?"t?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Rectum</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Proctitis.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"ti*tude</hw> (r?k"t?*t?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rectitudo</i>, fr. <i>rectus</i> right, straight: cf. F.
<i>rectitude</i>. See <u>Right</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Straightness.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rightness of principle or practice; exact
conformity to truth, or to the rules prescribed for moral conduct,
either by divine or human laws; uprightness of mind; uprightness;
integrity; honesty; justice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Right judgment.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir G. C.
Lewis.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Justice</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rec"to-</hw> (r?k"t?*). <def>A combining form indicating
<i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the rectum</i>; as,
<i>recto</i>-vesical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"to</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr. LL. breve de
<i>recto</i>. See <u>Right</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ of
right.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"to</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>recto</i>.]
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>The right-hand page; -- opposed to
<i>verso</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"tor</hw> (r?k"t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>regere</i>, <i>rectum</i>, to lead straight, to rule: cf. F.
<i>recteur</i>. See <u>Regiment</u>, <u>Right</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ruler or governor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God is the supreme <i>rector</i> of the
world.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i> <def>A
clergyman who has the charge and cure of a parish, and has the tithes,
etc.; the clergyman of a parish where the tithes are not impropriate.
See the Note under Vicar.</def> <i>Blackstone.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Prot. Epis. Ch.)</i> <def>A clergyman in charge of a
parish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The head master of a public school.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The chief elective officer of some
universities, as in France and Scotland; sometimes, the head of a
college; as, the <i>Rector</i> of Exeter College, or of Lincoln
College, at Oxford.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.CH.)</i> <def>The superior officer or
chief of a convent or religious house; and among the Jesuits the
superior of a house that is a seminary or college.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"tor*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>rectoral</i>.] <def>Pertaining to a rector or governor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"tor*ate</hw> (-?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>rectoratus</i>: cf. F. <i>rectorat</i>.] <def>The office, rank, or
station of a rector; rectorship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"tor*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A governess; a rectrix.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The wife of a rector.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec*to"ri*al</hw> (r?k*t?"r?*<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to a rector or a rectory; rectoral.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec"tor*ship</hw> (r?k"t?r*sh?p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Government; guidance.</def> [Obs.] "The
<i>rectorship</i> of judgment."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The office or rank of a rector;
rectorate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"to*ry</hw> (-t?*r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rectories</b></plw> (-r&?;z). [Cf. OF. <i>rectorie</i> or
<i>rectorerie</i>, LL. <i>rectoria</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
province of a rector; a parish church, parsonage, or spiritual living,
with all its rights, tithes, and glebes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rector's mansion; a parsonage
house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`to-u"ter*ine</hw> (-?"t?r*?n or *?n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to both the rectum and the
uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`to*vag"i*nal</hw> (r?k`t?*v?j"?*n<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to both the
rectum and the vagina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`to-ves"i*cal</hw> (-v?s"?*k<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to both the rectum and the
bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"tress</hw> (r?k"tr?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
rectoress.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Rec"trix</hw> (-tr?ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rectrices</b></plw> (-tr&?;"s&?;z). [L., fem. of
<i>rector</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A governess; a
rectoress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the quill
feathers of the tail of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec"tum</hw> (-t?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. (sc.
<i>intestinum</i>), fr. L. <i>rectus</i> straight. See <u>Right</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The terminal part of the large intestine; -- so
named because supposed by the old anatomists to be straight. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Digestive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rec"tus</hw> (-t?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Recti</b></plw> (-t&?;). [NL., fr. L. <i>regere</i> to keep
straight.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A straight muscle; as, the <i>recti</i>
of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rec`u*ba"tion</hw> (r?k`?*b?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recubare</i> to lie upon the back.] <def>Recumbence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cule"</hw> (r?*k?l"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
recoil.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*cule"</hw> (r?*k?l"), <hw>Re*cule"ment</hw> (-
m<i>e</i>nt), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>reculement</i>.]
<def>Recoil.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*cumb"</hw> (-k?m"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recumbere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> back + <i>cumbere</i> (in comp.),
akin to <i>cubare</i> to lie down.] <def>To lean; to recline; to
repose.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Allen (1761).</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cum"bence</hw> (r?*k?m"b<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of leaning, resting, or reclining; the state of being
recumbent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cum"ben*cy</hw> (-b<i>e</i>n*s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Recumbence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cum"bent</hw> (-b<i>e</i>t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recumbens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>recumbere</i>. See
<u>Recumb</u>, <u>Incumbent</u>.] <def>Leaning; reclining; lying; as,
the <i>recumbent</i> posture of the Romans at their meals. Hence,
figuratively; Resting; inactive; idle.</def> --
<wf>Re*cum"bent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*cu"per*a*ble</hw> (r?*k?"p?r*?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf.F. <i>r&eacute;cup&?;rable</i>. See <u>Recover</u>.]
<def>Recoverable.</def>  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cu"per*ate</hw> (-?t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
&. p. p.</i></pos> <u>Recuperated</u> (-?`t?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Recuperating</u>.] [L. <i>recuperatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>recuperare</i>. See <u>Recover</u> to get again.] <def>To recover
health; to regain strength; to convalesce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cu"per*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To recover; to
regain; as, to <i>recuperate</i> the health or strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cu`per*a"tion</hw> (-?`sh?n), <pos><i>n..</i></pos> [L.
<i>recuperatio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;cup&?;ration</i>.]
<def>Recovery, as of anything lost, especially of the health or
strength.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*cu"per*a*tive</hw> (-?*t?v), <hw>Re*cu"per*a*to*ry</hw> (-
?*t?*r?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>recuperativus</i>,
<i>recuperatorius</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to recuperation; tending
to recovery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cu"per*a`tor</hw> (r?*k?"pp?r*?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. L. <i>recuperator</i> a recoverer.] <i>(Steel Manuf.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Regenerator</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cur"</hw> (r?*k?r"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Recurred</u> (-k?rd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Recurring</u>.] [L. <i>recurrere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i>
re- + <i>currere</i> to run. See <u>Current</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To come back; to return again or repeatedly; to come again to
mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When any word has been used to signify an idea, the old
idea will <i>recur</i> in the mind when the word is
heard.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To occur at a stated interval, or according
to some regular rule; as, the fever will <i>recur</i> to-
night.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To resort; to have recourse; to go for
help.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If, to avoid succession in eternal existence, they
<i>recur</i> to the "punctum stans" of the schools, they will thereby
very little help us to a more positive idea of infinite
duration.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Recurring decimal</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a
circulating decimal. See under <u>Decimal</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Recurring series</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>an algebraic
series in which the coefficients of the several terms can be expressed
by means of certain preceding coefficients and constants in one
uniform manner.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*cure"</hw> (r?*k?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Recover</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To arrive at; to reach; to
attain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To recover; to regain; to repossess.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When their powers, impaired through labor long,<BR>
With due repast, they had <i>recured</i> well.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To restore, as from weariness, sickness; or
the like; to repair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In western waves his weary wagon did
<i>recure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be a cure for; to remedy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No medicine<BR>
Might avail his sickness to <i>recure</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cure"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cure; remedy;
recovery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But whom he hite, without <i>recure</i> he
dies.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cure"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
cure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*cur"rence</hw> (r?*k?r"r<i>e</i>ns),
<hw>Re*cur"ren*cy</hw> (-r<i>e</i>n*s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>r&eacute;currence</i>.] <def>The act of recurring, or state of
being recurrent; return; resort; recourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall insensibly go on from a rare to a frequent
<i>recurrence</i> to the dangerous preparations.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cur"rent</hw> (-r<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recurrens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>recurrere</i>: cf.F.
<i>r&eacute;current</i>. See <u>Recur</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Returning from time to time; recurring; as, <i>recurrent</i>
pains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Running back toward its
origin; as, a <i>recurrent</i> nerve or artery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Recurrent fever</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Relapsing fever</i>, under <u>Relapsing</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Recurrent pulse</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the pulse
beat which appears (when the radial artery is compressed at the wrist)
on the distal side of the point of pressure through the arteries of
the palm of the hand.</cd> -- <col><b>Recurrent sensibility</b></col>
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the sensibility manifested by the anterior, or
motor, roots of the spinal cord (their stimulation causing pain) owing
to the presence of sensory fibers from the corresponding sensory or
posterior roots.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*cur"sant</hw> (r?*k?r"s<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recursans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>recursare</i> to run
back, v. freq. of <i>recurrere</i>. See <u>Recure</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Displayed with the back toward the spectator; -- said especially
of an eagle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cur"sion</hw> (-sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recursio</i>. See <u>Recur</u>.] <def>The act of recurring;
return.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cur"vate</hw> (r?*k?r"v?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recurvatus</i>, p. p. of <i>recurvare</i>. See <u>Re-</u>, and
<u>Curvate</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Recurved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cur"vate</hw> (-v?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bend
or curve back; to recurve.</def>  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`cur*va"tion</hw> (r?`k?r*v?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of recurving, or the state of being recurved; a bending
or flexure backward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*curve"</hw> (r?*k?rv"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
curve in an opposite or unusual direction; to bend back or
down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*curved"</hw> (r?*k?rvd"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Curved
in an opposite or uncommon direction; bent back; as, a bird with a
<i>recurved</i> bill; flowers with <i>recurved</i> petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cur`vi*ros"ter</hw> (r?*k?r`v?*r?s"t?r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>recurvus</i> bent back + <i>rostrum</i>
beack; cf. F. <i>r&eacute;curvirostre</i>.] <i>(Zool.)</i> <def>A bird
whose beak bends upward, as the avocet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cur`vi*ros"tral</hw> (-tr<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Recurviroster</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the beak
bent upwards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cur"vi*ty</hw> (r?*k?r"v?*t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Recurvation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cur"vous</hw> (-v?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recurvus</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re + <i>curvus</i> curved.]
<def>Recurved.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cu"san*cy</hw> (r?*k?"z<i>a</i>n*s? or r?k"?-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being recusant;
nonconformity.</def>  <i>Coke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cu"sant</hw> (-z<i>a</i>t; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>recusans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>recure</i> to refuse, to
oject to; pref. <i>re-</i> re + <i>causa</i> a cause, pretext: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;cusant</i>. See <u>Cause</u>, and cf. <u>Ruse</u>.]
<def>Obstinate in refusal; specifically, in English history, refusing
to acknowledge the supremacy of the king in the churc, or to conform
to the established rites of the church; as, a <i>recusant</i>
lord.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It stated him to have placed his son in the household
of the Countess of Derby, a <i>recusant</i> papist.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cu"sant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is obstinate in refusal; one standing out stubbornly
against general practice or opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The last rebellious <i>recusants</i> among the European
family of nations.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>A person who refuses to
acknowledge the supremacy of the king in matters of religion; as, a
Roman Catholic <i>recusant</i>, who acknowledges the supremacy of the
pope.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who refuses communion with the Church
of England; a nonconformist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that are <i>recusants</i> of holy
rites.</blockquote> <i>Holyday.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rec`u*sa"tion</hw> (r?k`?*z?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recusatio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;cusation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Refusal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>The act of refusing a
judge or challenging that he shall not try the cause, on account of
his supposed partiality.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cu"sa*tive</hw> (r?*k?"z?*t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Refusing; denying; negative.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cuse"</hw> (r?*k?z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;cuser</i>, or L. <i>recusare</i>. See <u>Recusant</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>To refuse or reject, as a judge; to challenge that
the judge shall not try the cause.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir K.
Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cus"sion</hw> (r?*k?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>recutire</i>, <i>recussum</i>, to beat back; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>quatere</i> to shake.] <def>The act of beating or striking
back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red</hw> (r&ebreve;d), obs. <def><pos><i>. imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Read</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put on order; to make
tidy; also, to free from entanglement or embarrassement; -- generally
with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>red</i> up a house.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Red</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Redder</u> (-d?r); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Reddest</u>.] [OE.
<i>red</i>, <i>reed</i>, AS. <i>re&aacute;d</i>, <i>re&oacute;d</i>;
akin to OS. <i>r&omacr;d</i>, OFries. <i>r&amacr;d</i>, D.
<i>rood</i>, G. <i>roht</i>, <i>rot</i>, OHG. <i>r&omacr;t</i>, Dan. &
Sw. <i>r&ouml;d</i>, Icel. <i>rau&eth;r</i>, <i>rj&omacr;&eth;r</i>,
Goth. <i>r&aacute;uds</i>, W. <i>rhudd</i>, Armor. <i>ruz</i>, Ir. &
Gael. <i>ruadh</i>, L. <i>ruber</i>, <i>rufus</i>, Gr.
<grk>'eryqro`s</grk>, Skr. <i>rudhira</i>, <i>rohita</i>; cf. L.
<i>rutilus</i>. &radic;113. Cf. <u>Erysipelas</u>, <u>Rouge</u>,
<u>Rubric</u>, <u>Ruby</u>, <u>Ruddy</u>, <u>Russet</u>, <u>Rust</u>.]
<def>Of the color of blood, or of a tint resembling that color; of the
hue of that part of the rainbow, or of the solar spectrum, which is
furthest from the violet part.</def> "Fresh flowers, white and
<i>reede</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your color, I warrant you, is as <i>red</i> as any
rose.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Red</i> is a general term, including many different
shades or hues, as scarlet, crimson, vermilion, orange red, and the
like.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Red</i> is often used in the formation of self-explaining
compounds; as, <i>red</i>-breasted, <i>red</i>-cheeked, <i>red</i>-
faced, <i>red</i>-haired, <i>red</i>-headed, <i>red-</i>skinned,
<i>red</i>-tailed, <i>red-</i>topped, <i>red-</i>whiskered,
<i>red</i>-coasted.</p>

<p><col><b>Red admiral</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a beautiful
butterfly (<i>Vanessa Atalanta</i>) common in both Europe and America.
The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva
feeds on nettles. Called also <i>Atalanta butterfly</i>, and <i>nettle
butterfly</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red ant</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A very small ant (<i>Myrmica molesta</i>)
which often infests houses</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A larger
reddish ant (<i>Formica sanguinea</i>), native of Europe and America.
It is one of the slave-making species.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
antimony</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>kermesite. See <i>Kermes
mineral</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, under <u>Kermes</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Red ash</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American tree
(<i>Fraxinus pubescens</i>), smaller than the white ash, and less
valuable for timber.</cd> <i>Cray.</i> -- <col><b>Red bass</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Redfish</u> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Red bay</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree (<i>Persea
Caroliniensis</i>) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the
Southern United States.</cd> -- <col><b>Red beard</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bright red sponge (<i>Microciona
prolifera</i>), common on oyster shells and stones.</cd> [Local, U.S.]
-- <col><b>Red birch</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of birch
(<i>Betula nigra</i>) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-
colored wood.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Red blindness</b></col>.
<i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <u>Daltonism</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
book</b></col>, <cd>a book containing the names of all the persons in
the service of the state.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Red book of the
Exchequer</b></col>, <cd>an ancient record in which are registered the
names of all that held lands <i>per baroniam</i> in the time of Henry
II.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>Red brass</b></col>, <cd>an
alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc.</cd> --
<col><b>Red bug</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great
irritation by its bites</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A red
hemipterous insect of the genus <i>Pyrrhocoris</i>, especially the
European species (<i>P. apterus</i>), which is bright scarlet and
lives in clusters on tree trunks.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>See
<i>Cotton stainder</i>, under <u>Cotton</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
cedar</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>An evergreen North American tree
(<i>Juniperus Virginiana</i>) having a fragrant red-colored
heartwood.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A tree of India and Australia
(<i>Cedrela Toona</i>) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also
<i>toon tree</i> in India.</cd> <! p. 1203 !> -- <col><b>Red
chalk</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Chalk</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
copper</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>red oxide of copper; cuprite.</cd>
-- <col><b>Red coral</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the precious
coral (<i>Corallium rubrum</i>). See <i>Illusts.</i> of <u>Coral</u>
and <u>Gorgonlacea</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red cross</b></col>. <cd>The
cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The Geneva cross. See <i>Geneva
convention</i>, and <i>Geneva cross</i>, under <u>Geneva</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Red currant</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Currant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red deer</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The common stag (<i>Cervus
elaphus</i>), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe
and Asia.  It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The Virginia deer. See <u>Deer</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Red duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European reddish
brown duck (<i>Fuligula nyroca</i>); -- called also <i>ferruginous
duck</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red ebony</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Grenadillo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red empress</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a butterfly. See <u>Tortoise shell</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Red fir</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a coniferous tree
(<i>Pseudotsuga Douglasii</i>) found from British Columbia to Texas,
and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given
to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American
<i>Abies magnifica</i> and <i>A. nobilis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
fire</b></col>. <i>(Pyrotech.)</i> <cd>See <i>Blue fire</i>, under
<u>Fire</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red flag</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Flag</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red fox</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the common American fox (<i>Vulpes fulvus</i>), which is usually
reddish in color.</cd> -- <col><b>Red grouse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under
<u>Ptarmigan</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red gum</b></col>, or <col><b>Red
gum-tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to eight Australian
species of <i>Eucalyptus</i> (<i>Eucalyptus amygdalina</i>,
<i>resinifera</i>, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See
<u>Eucalyptus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red hand</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>,
<cd>a left hand appaum&eacute;, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon,
being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland; -- called also <i>Badge of Ulster</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
herring</b></col>, <cd>the common herring dried and smoked.</cd> --
<col><b>Red horse</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially <i>Moxostoma
macrolepidotum</i> and allied species</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>See the Note under <u>Drumfish</u>. -- <col><b>Red lead</b></col>.
<sd><i>(Chem)</i></sd> See under <u>Lead</u>, and <u>Minium</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Red-lead ore</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Crocoite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red liquor</b></col> <i>(Dyeing)</i>,
<cd>a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a
mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called
because used originally for red dyestuffs.  Called also <i>red
mordant</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red maggot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the larva of the wheat midge.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
manganese</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Rhodochrosite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red man</b></col>, <cd>one of
the American Indians; -- so called from his color.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
maple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of maple (<i>Acer
rubrum</i>). See <u>Maple</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red mite</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Red spider</i>, below.</cd> --
<col><b>Red mulberry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American mulberry
of a dark purple color (<i>Morus rubra</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Red
mullet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the surmullet. See
<u>Mullet</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red ocher</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color.</cd> --
<col><b>Red perch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
rosefish.</cd> -- <col><b>Red phosphorus</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Phosphorus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red pine</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American species of pine (<i>Pinus
resinosa</i>); -- so named from its reddish bark.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
precipitate</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Precipitate</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Red Republican</b></col> <i>(European Politics)</i>,
<cd>originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in
France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an
extreme radical in social reform.</cd> [Cant] -- <col><b>Red
ribbon</b></col>, <cd>the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in
England.</cd> -- <col><b>Red sanders</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Sanders</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red sandstone</b></col>.
<i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Sandstone</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
scale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a scale insect (<i>Aspidiotus
aurantii</i>) very injurious to the orange tree in California and
Australia.</cd> -- <col><b>Red silver</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>an
ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes
<i>proustite</i>, or light red silver, and <i>pyrargyrite</i>, or dark
red silver.</cd> -- <col><b>Red snapper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a large fish (<i>Lutlanus aya or Blackfordii</i>) abundant in the
Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
snow</b></col>, <cd>snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga
(<i>Protococcus nivalis</i>) which produces large patches of scarlet
on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
softening</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>a form of cerebral softening in
which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to
infarction or inflammation.</cd> -- <col><b>Red spider</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very small web-spinning mite
(<i>Tetranychus telarius</i>) which infests, and often destroys,
plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and
conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and
causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale
red. Called also <i>red mite</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the chickaree.</cd> --
<col><b>Red tape</b></col>, <cd>the tape used in public offices for
tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.</cd> --
<col><b>Red underwing</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species
of noctuid moths belonging to <i>Catacola</i> and allied genera. The
numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under
wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange.</cd> --
<col><b>Red water</b></col>, <cd>a disease in cattle, so called from
an appearance like blood in the urine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Red</hw> (r?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The color of blood, or of that part of the spectrum farthest from
violet, or a tint resembling these.</def> "Celestial rosy <i>red</i>,
love's proper hue."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A red pigment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(European Politics)</i> <def>An abbreviation
for <i>Red Republican</i>. See under Red, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def>
[Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The menses.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>English red</b></col>, <cd>a pigment prepared by the Dutch,
similar to Indian red.</cd> -- <col><b>Hypericum red</b></col>, <cd>a
red resinous dyestuff extracted from Hypericum.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian
red</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Indian</u>, and
<u>Almagra</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*dact"</hw> (r?*d?kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>redactus</i>, p. p. of <i>redigere</i>; pref. <i>red-</i>, <i>re-
</i>, again, back + <i>agere</i> to put in motion, to drive.] <def>To
reduce to form, as literary matter; to digest and put in shape (matter
for publication); to edit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||R&eacute;`dac`teur"</hw> (r&asl;`d&adot;k`t&etilde;r"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See <u>Redactor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*dac"tion</hw> (r?*d?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;daction</i>.] <def>The act of redacting; work produced by
redacting; a digest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*dac"tor</hw> (-t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
redacts; one who prepares matter for publication; an editor.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*dan"</hw> (r?*d?n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., for OF.
<i>redent</i> a double notching or jagging, as in the teeth of a saw,
fr. L. pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>, a tooth.
Cf. <u>Redented</u>.] [Written sometimes <i>redent</i> and
<i>redens</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A work having
two parapets whose faces unite so as to form a salient angle toward
the enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A step or vertical offset in a wall on
uneven ground, to keep the parts level.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red*ar"gue</hw> (r?d*?r"g?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Redargued</u> (-g?d); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Redarguing</u>.] [L. <i>redarguere</i>;
pref. <i>red-</i>, <i>re-</i> re- +  <i>arguere</i> to accuse, charge
with: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;darguer</i>.] <def>To disprove; to refute;
toconfute; to reprove; to convict.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>How shall I . . . suffer that God should
<i>redargue</i> me at doomsday, and the angels reproach my
lukewarmness?</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now this objection to the immediate cognition of
external objects has, as far as I know, been <i>redargued</i> in three
different ways.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red`ar*gu"tion</hw> (r?d`?r*g?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>redargutio</i>.] <def>The act of redarguing; refutation.</def>
[Obs. or R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red`ar*gu"to*ry</hw> (-t?*r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, redargution; refutatory.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Red"back`</hw> (r?d"b?k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dunlin.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Red"bel`ly</hw> (-b?l`l?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The char.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"bird`</hw> (-b?rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The cardinal bird.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The summer redbird (<i>Piranga
rubra</i>).</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The scarlet tanager. See
<u>Tanager</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"breast`</hw> (-br?st`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
European robin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The American robin. See
<u>Robin</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The knot, or red-breasted
snipe; -- called also <i>robin breast</i>, and <i>robin snipe</i>. See
<u>Knot</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The long-eared
pondfish. See <u>Pondfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"bud`</hw> (-b?d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A small ornamental leguminous tree of the American species of the
genus <i>Cercis</i>. See <i>Judas tree</i>, under
<u>Judas</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"cap`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>The European goldfinch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A specter having long teeth, popularly
supposed to haunt old castles in Scotland.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red"coat`</hw> (-k&omacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
wears a red coat; specifically, a red-coated British
soldier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"de</hw> (-de), <def><pos><i>obs. imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Read</u>, or <u>Rede</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red"den</hw> (r?d"d'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reddened</u> (-d'nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reddening</u>.] [From <u>Red</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To make red or somewhat red; to give a red
color to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow or become
red; to blush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Appius <i>reddens</i> at each word you
speak.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He no sooner saw that her eye glistened and her cheek
<i>reddened</i> than his obstinacy was at once subbued.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. SCott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Red*den"dum</hw> (r?d*d?n"d?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Neut.
of L. <i>reddendus</i> that must be given back or yielded, gerundive
of <i>reddere</i>. See <u>Reddition</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A clause
in a deed by which some new thing is reserved out of what had been
granted before; the clause by which rent is reserved in a lease.</def>
<i>Cruise.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red"dish</hw> (r?d"d?sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
red; moderately <u>red</u>.</def> -- <wf>Red"dish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Red*di"tion</hw> (r?d*d?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L.
<i>redditio</i>, fr.  <i>reddere</i> to give back, to return: cf. F.
<i>reddition</i>. See <u>Render</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Restoration: restitution: surrender.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Explanation; representation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>reddition</i> or application of the
comparison.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red"di**tive</hw> (r?d"d?*t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>redditivus</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Answering to an interrogative
or inquiry; conveying a reply; as, <i>redditive</i> words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"dle</hw> (r?d"d'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Red</u>;
cf. G. <i>r&?;thel</i>.  Cf. <u>Ruddle</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Red
chalk. See under <u>Chalk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"dour</hw> (r?d"d?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>raideur</i>, fr. <i>raide</i> stiff.] <def>Rigor; violence.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rede</hw> (r?d), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Read</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To advise or
counsel.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>rede</i> that our host here shall
begin.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To interpret; to explain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My sweven [dream] <i>rede</i> aright.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rede</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Read</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Advice; counsel;
suggestion.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was none other remedy ne
<i>reed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A word or phrase; a motto; a proverb; a
wise saw.</def> [Obs.] "This <i>rede</i> is rife."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*deem"</hw> (r?*d?m"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Redeemed</u>. (-d&?;md"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Redeeming</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;dimer</i>, L.
<i>redimere</i>; pref. <i>red-</i>, <i>re-</i> re- +  <i>emere</i>,
<i>emptum</i>, to buy, originally, to take, cf. OIr. <i>em</i> (in
comp.), Lith. <i>imti</i>.  Cf. <u>Assume</u>, <u>Consume</u>,
<u>Exempt</u>, <u>Premium</u>, <u>Prompt</u>, <u>Ransom</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To purchase back; to regain possession of by
payment of a stipulated price; to repurchase.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man sell a dwelling house in a walled city, then
he may <i>redeem</i> it within a whole year after it is
sold.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xxv. 29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence, specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>To recall, as an estate, or to regain, as mortgaged
property, by paying what may be due by force of the mortgage.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To regain by performing the
obligation or condition stated; to discharge the obligation mentioned
in, as a promissory note, bond, or other evidence of debt; as, to
<i>redeem</i> bank notes with coin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To ransom, liberate, or rescue from
captivity or bondage, or from any obligation or liability to suffer or
to be forfeited, by paying a price or ransom; to ransom; to rescue; to
recover; as, to <i>redeem</i> a captive, a pledge, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Redeem</i> Israel, O God, out of all his
troubles.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxv. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Almighty from the grave<BR>
Hath me <i>redeemed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Hence, to rescue and
deliver from the bondage of sin and the penalties of God's violated
law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Christ hath <i>redeemed</i> us from the curse of the
law, being made a curse for us.</blockquote> <i>Gal. iii. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make good by performing fully; to
fulfill; as, to <i>redeem</i> one's promises.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>redeem</i> all this on Percy's
head.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To pay the penalty of; to make amends for;
to serve as an equivalent or offset for; to atone for; to compensate;
as, to <i>redeem</i> an error.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which of ye will be mortal, to <i>redeem</i><BR>
Man's mortal crime?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a chance which does <i>redeem</i> all
sorrows.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To redeem the time</b></col>, <cd>to make the best use of
it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*deem`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (-?*b?l"?*t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Redeemableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*deem"a*ble</hw> (-?*b;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being redeemed; subject to
repurchase; held under conditions permitting redemption; as, a pledge
securing the payment of money is <i>redeemable</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subject to an obligation of redemtion;
conditioned upon a promise of redemtion; payable; due; as, bonds,
promissory notes, etc. , <i>redeemabble</i> in gold, or in current
money, or four months after date.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*deem"a*ble*ness</hw> (r?*d?m"?*b'l*n?s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being redeemable;
redeemability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*deem"er</hw> (r?*d?m"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who redeems.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the Savior of the world,
Jesus Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rede"less</hw> (r?d"l?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
rede or counsel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re`de*lib"er*ate</hw> (r?`d?*l?b"?r*?t), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> <def>To deliberate again; to reconsider.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`de*liv"er</hw> (r?`d?*l?v"?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deliver or give back; to return.</def>
<i>Ay&?;iffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deliver or liberate a second time or
again.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To report; to deliver the answer of.</def>
[R.] "Shall I <i>redeliver</i> you e'en so?"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`de*liv"er*ance</hw> (-<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A second deliverance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`de*liv"er*y</hw> (-?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of delivering back.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A second or new delivery or
liberation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`de*mand"</hw> (r?`d&fist;-m?nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>re-</i> back, again + <i>demand</i>: cf. F.
<i>redemander</i>.] <def>To demand back; to demand again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`de*mand"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A demanding back; a
second or renewed demand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`de*mise"</hw> (-m?z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
demise back; to convey or transfer back, as an estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`de*mise"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
transfer of an estate back to the person who demised it; reconveyance;
as, the demise and <i>redemise</i> of an estate. See under
<u>Demise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*dem"on*strate</hw> (r?*d?m"?n*str?t or r?`d?*m?n"-str?t),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To demonstrate again, or anew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every truth of morals must be <i>redemonstrated</i> in
the experience of the individual man before he is capable of utilizing
it as a constituent of character or a guide in action.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*demp"ti*ble</hw> (r?*d?mp"t?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Redeemable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re-demp"tion</hw> (-sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;demption</i>, L. <i>redemptio</i>. See <u>Redeem</u>, and
cf.  <u>Ransom</u>.] <def>The act of redeeming, or the state of being
redeemed; repurchase; ransom; release; rescue; deliverance; as, the
<i>redemption</i> of prisoners taken in war; the <i>redemption</i> of
a ship and cargo.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The liberation of an estate from a mortgage, or the taking back
of property mortgaged, upon performance of the terms or conditions on
which it was conveyed; also, the right of redeeming and
re&euml;ntering upon an estate mortgaged. See <i>Equity of
redemption</i>, under <u>Equity</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Com.)</i> <def>Performance of the obligation stated in a note,
bill, bond, or other evidence of debt, by making payment to the
holder.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The procuring
of God's favor by the sufferings and death of Christ; the ransom or
deliverance of sinners from the bondage of sin and the penalties of
God's violated law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In whom we have <i>redemption</i> through his
blood.</blockquote> <i>Eph. i. 7.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*demp"tion*a*ry</hw> (-?*r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who is, or may be, redeemed.</def> [R.]  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*demp"tion*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who redeems himself, as from debt or
servitude.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, one who, wishing to emigrate from
Europe to America, sold his services for a stipulated time to pay the
expenses of his passage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*demp"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i>
<def>A monk of an order founded in 1197; -- so called because the
order was especially devoted to the redemption of Christians held in
captivity by the Mohammedans. Called also
<i>Trinitarian</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*demp"tive</hw> (-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving or
tending to redeem; redeeming; as, the <i>redemptive</i> work of
Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*demp"tor*ist</hw> (-t?r*?st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;demptoriste</i>, fr. L. <i>redemptor</i> redeemer, from
<i>redinere</i>. See <u>Redeem</u>.] <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>One of the
Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, founded in Naples in 1732 by
St. Alphonsus Maria de Liquori. It was introduced onto the United
States in 1832 at Detroit. The Fathers of the Congregation devote
themselves to preaching to the neglected, esp. in missions and
retreats, and are forbidden by their rule to engage in the instruction
of youth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*demp"to*ry</hw> (-t?*r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Paid for
ransom; serving to redeem.</def> "Hector's <i>redemptory</i> price."
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*demp"ture</hw> (-t?r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Redemption.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*dent"ed</hw> (r?*d?nt"?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From OF.
<i>redent</i>. See <u>Redan</u>.] <def>Formed like the teeth of a saw;
indented.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`de*pos"it</hw> (r?`d?*p?z"?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To deposit again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`de*scend"</hw> (-s?nd"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>descend</i>: cf. F. <i>redescendre</i>.] <def>To
descend again.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red"eye`</hw> (r?d"?`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The rudd.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Redfish</u>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The goggle-eye, or
fresh-water rock bass.</def> [Local, U.S.]
</p>

<p><hw>Red"fin`</hw> (-f?n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small North American dace (<i>Minnilus cornutus</i>, or
<i>Notropis megalops</i>). The male, in the breeding season, has
bright red fins. Called also <i>red dace</i>, and <i>shiner</i>.
Applied also to <i>Notropis ardens</i>, of the Mississippi
valley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"finch`</hw> (-f&ibreve;nch`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European linnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"fish`</hw> (r&ebreve;d"f&ibreve;sh`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The blueback salmon of
the North Pacific; -- called also <i>nerka</i>. See <u>Blueback</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
rosefish.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A large California labroid
food fish (<i>Trochocopus pulcher</i>); -- called also
<i>fathead</i>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The red bass, red drum,
or drumfish. See the Note under <u>Drumfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"-gum`</hw> (-g?m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>reed
gounde</i>; AS. <i>re&aacute;d</i> red +  <i>gund</i> matter, pus.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An eruption of red pimples upon
the face, neck, and arms, in early infancy; tooth rash;
strophulus.</def>  <i>Good.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A name of rust on grain. See
<u>Rust</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1204 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Red"-hand`</hw> (r?d"h?nd`), <hw>Red"-hand`ed</hw> (-
h?nd`?d), } <pos><i>a. or adv.</i></pos> <def>Having hands red with
blood; in the very act, as if with red or bloody hands; -- said of a
person taken in the act of homicide; hence, fresh from the commission
of crime; as, he was taken <i>red-hand</i> or <i>red-handed</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Red"head`</hw> (-h?d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person having red hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
American duck (<i>Aythya Americana</i>) highly esteemed as a game
bird. It is closely allied to the canvasback, but is smaller and its
head brighter red. Called also <i>red-headed duck</i>. <i>American
poachard</i>, <i>grayback</i>, and <i>fall duck</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Poachard</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The red-headed woodpecker. See <u>Woodpecker</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of milkweed
(<i>Asclepias Curassavica</i>) with red flowers. It is used in
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red`hi*bi"tion</hw> (r?d`h?*b?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>redhibitio</i> a taking back.] <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>The
annulling of a sale, and the return by the buyer of the article sold,
on account of some defect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red*hib"i*to*ry</hw> (r?d*h?b"?*t?*r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>redhibitorius</i>.] <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
redhibition; as, a <i>redhibitory</i> action or fault.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"hoop`</hw> (r?d"h??p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male of the European bullfinch.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Red"horn`</hw> (-h?rn`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of a tribe of butterflies
(<i>Fugacia</i>) including the common yellow species and the cabbage
butterflies. The antenn&aelig; are usually red.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"-hot`</hw> (-h?t`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Red with
heat; heated to redness; as, <i>red-hot</i> iron; <i>red-hot</i>
balls. Hence, figuratively, excited; violent; as, a <i>red-hot</i>
radical.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Re"di*a</hw> (r?"d?*?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Redi&aelig;</b></plw> (-&emacr;), E. <plw><b>Redias</b></plw>
(-&?;z). [NL.; of uncertain origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind
of larva, or nurse, which is prroduced within the sporocyst of certain
trematodes by asexual generation. It in turn produces, in the same
way, either another generation of redi&aelig;, or else cercari&aelig;
within its own body. Called also <i>proscolex</i>, and <i>nurse</i>.
See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"di*ent</hw> (r?"d?-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rediens</i>, p. pr. of <i>redire</i> to return; pref. <i>red-</i>
+ <i>ire</i> to go.] <def>Returning.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re`di*gest"</hw> (r?`d?*j?st"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
digest, or reduce to form, a second time.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`di*min"ish</hw> (-m?n"?sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
diminish again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"in*gote</hw> (r&ebreve;d"&ibreve;n*g&omacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., corrupted from E. <i>riding coat</i>.]
<def>A long plain double-breasted outside coat for women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*din"te*grate</hw> (r?*d?n"t?*gr?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>redintegratus</i>, p. p. of <i>redintegrare</i> to restore; pref.
<i>red-</i>, <i>re-</i>, re- + <i>integrare</i> to make whole, to
renew, fr. <i>integer</i> whole. See <u>Integer</u>.] <def>Restored to
wholeness or a perfect state; renewed.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*din"te*grate</hw> (-gr?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
make whole again; a renew; to restore to integrity or
soundness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The English nation seems obliterated. What could
<i>redintegrate</i> us again?</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*din`te*gra"tion</hw> (-gr?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>redintegratio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Restoration to a whole
or sound state; renewal; renovation.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Restoration of a mixed body
or matter to its former nature and state.</def> [Achaic.]
<i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Psychology)</i> <def>The law that objects
which have been previously combined as part of a single mental state
tend to recall or suggest one another; -- adopted by many philosophers
to explain the phenomena of the association of ideas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`di*rect"</hw> (r?`d?*r?kt"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Applied to the examination of a witness, by the
party calling him, after the cross-examination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`dis*burse"</hw> (r?`d?s*b?rs"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To disburse anew; to give, or pay, back.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`dis*cov"er</hw> (-k?v"?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
discover again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`dis*pose"</hw> (-p?z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
dispose anew or again; to readjust; to rearrange.</def>  <i>A.
Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`dis*seize"</hw> (-s?z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>To disseize anew, or a second time.</def> [Written
also <i>redisseise</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Re`dis*sei"zin</hw> (-s?"z?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A disseizin by one who once before was adjudged to
have dassezed the same person of the same lands, etc.; also, a writ
which lay in such a case.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`dis*sei"zor</hw> (-z?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who redisseizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`dis*solve"</hw> (r?`d?z*z?lv"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To dissolve again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`dis*till"</hw> (r?`d?s*t?l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To distill again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`dis*train"er</hw> (-tr?n"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who distrains again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`dis*trib"ute</hw> (-tr?b"?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To distribute again.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*dis`tri*bu"tion</wf> (-tr&?;*b&?;"sh&?;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*dis"trict</hw> (-tr?kt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
divide into new districts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*di"tion</hw> (r?*d?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reditio</i>, fr. <i>redire</i>. See <u>Redient</u>.] <def>Act of
returning; return.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`di*vide"</hw> (r?`d?*v?d"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
divide anew.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Red"leg`</hw> (r?d"l?g`), <hw>Red`legs`</hw> (-l?gz`), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
redshank.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The turnstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"-let`ter</hw> (-l?t`t?r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a red letter; marked by red letters.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Red-letter day</b></col>, <cd>a day that is fortunate or
auspicious; -- so called in allusion to the custom of marking holy
days, or saints' days, in the old calendars with red letters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Red"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a red manner; with
redness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"mouth`</hw> (-mouth`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of marine food
fishes of the genus <i>Diabasis</i>, or <i>H&aelig;mulon</i>, of the
Southern United States, having the inside of the mouth bright red.
Called also <i>flannelmouth</i>, and <i>grunt</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>re&aacute;dness</i>. See <u>Red</u>.] <def>The quality or state of
being red; red color.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Red"o*lence</hw> (r?d"?*l<i>e</i>ns), <hw>Red"o*len*cy</hw>
(-l<i>e</i>n*s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
redolent; sweetness of scent; pleasant odor; fragrance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"o*lent</hw> (-l<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>redolens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>redolere</i> to emit a
scent, diffuse an odor; pref. <i>red-</i>, <i>re-</i>, re- +
<i>olere</i> to emit a smell. See <u>Odor</u>.] <def>Diffusing odor or
fragrance; spreading sweet scent; scented; odorous; smelling; --
usually followed by <i>of</i>.</def>  "Honey <i>redolent</i> of
spring." <i>Dryden.</i> -- <wf>Red"o*lent*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Gales . . . <i>redolent</i> of joy and
youth.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*dou"ble</hw> (r?*d?b"'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>double</i>: cf. F. <i>redoubler</i>.  Cf.
<u>Reduplicate</u>.] <def>To double again or repeatedly; to increase
by continued or repeated additions; to augment greatly; to
multiply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So they<BR>
Doubly <i>redoubled</i> strokes upon the foe.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*dou"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become greatly
or repeatedly increased; to be multiplied; to be greatly augmented;
as, the noise <i>redoubles</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*doubt"</hw> (r?*dout"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>redoute</i>, fem., It. <i>ridotto</i>, LL. <i>reductus</i>,
literally, a retreat, from L. <i>reductus</i> drawn back, retired, p.
p. of <i>reducere</i> to lead or draw back; cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;duit</i>, also fr. LL. <i>reductus</i>. See <u>Reduce</u>,
and cf. <u>Reduct</u>, <u>R&eacute;duit</u>, <u>Ridotto</u>.]
<i>(Fort.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small, and usually a roughly
constructed, fort or outwork of varying shape, commonly erected for a
temporary purpose, and without flanking defenses, -- used esp. in
fortifying tops of hills and passes, and positions in hostile
territory.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In permanent works, an
outwork placed within another outwork. See <i>F</i> and <i>i</i> in
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ravelin</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>redout</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*doubt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>redouter</i>,
formerly also spelt <i>redoubter</i>; fr. L. pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>dubitare</i> to doubt, in LL., to fear. See <u>Doubt</u>.] <def>To
stand in dread of; to regard with fear; to dread.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*doubt"a*ble</hw> (-?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>redoutable</i>, formerly also spelt <i>redoubtable</i>.]
<def>Formidable; dread; terrible to foes; as, a <i>redoubtable</i>
hero; hence, valiant; -- often in contempt or burlesque.</def>
[Written also <i>redoutable</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*doubt"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formidable;
dread.</def> "Some <i>redoubted</i> knight."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord regent, and <i>redoubted</i>
Burgandy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*doubt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Reverence;
honor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>redoutyng</i> of Mars and of his
glory.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*dound"</hw> (r?*dound"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Redounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Redounding</u>.] [F. <i>redonder</i>, L.
<i>redundare</i>; pref. <i>red</i>-, <i>re-</i>, re- + <i>undare</i>
to rise in waves or surges, fr. <i>unda</i> a wave. See
<u>Undulate</u>, and cf. <u>Redundant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
roll back, as a wave or flood; to be sent or driven back; to flow
back, as a consequence or effect; to conduce; to contribute; to
result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The evil, soon<BR>
Driven back, <i>redounded</i> as a flood on those<BR>
From whom it sprung.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The honor done to our religion ultimately
<i>redounds</i> to God, the author of it.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> both . . . will devour great quantities of paper,
there will no small use <i>redound</i> from them to that
manufacture.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in excess; to remain over and above;
to be redundant; to overflow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For every dram of honey therein found,<BR>
A pound of gall doth over it <i>redound</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*dound"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The coming back, as of consequence or effect; result; return;
requital.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We give you welcome; not without <i>redound</i><BR>
Of use and glory to yourselves ye come.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rebound; reverberation.</def> [R.]
<i>Codrington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red"ow*a</hw> (r?d"?*?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
Bohemian.] <def>A Bohemian dance of two kinds, one in triple time,
like a waltz, the other in two-four time, like a polka. The former is
most in use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"pole`</hw> (r?d"p?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Redpoll</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"poll`</hw> (-p?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several
species of small northern finches of the genus <i>Acanthis</i>
(formerly <i>&AElig;giothus</i>), native of Europe and America. The
adults have the crown red or rosy. The male of the most common species
(<i>A. linarius</i>) has also the breast and rump rosy. Called also
<i>redpoll linnet</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Linnet</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The common European linnet.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The American redpoll warbler (<i>Dendroica
palmarum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*draft"</hw> (r&emacr;*dr&adot;ft"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To draft or draw anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*draft"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
second draft or copy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A new bill of exchange which
the holder of a protected bill draws on the drawer or indorsers, in
order to recover the amount of the protested bill with costs and
charges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*draw"</hw> (r?*dr?"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Redrew</u> (-dr?");<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Redrawn</u> (-dr&fist;n"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Redrawing</u>.] <def>To draw again; to make a second draft or copy
of; to redraft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*draw"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To
draw a new bill of exchange, as the holder of a protested bill, on the
drawer or indorsers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*dress"</hw> (r?*dr?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>dress</i>.] <def>To dress again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*dress"</hw> (r?*dr?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>redresser</i> to straighten; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>dresser</i>
to raise, arrange. See <u>Dress.</u>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put in order again; to set right; to
emend; to revise.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The common profit could she
<i>redress</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In yonder spring of roses intermixed<BR>
With myrtle, find what to <i>redress</i> till noon.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your wish that I should <i>redress</i> a certain paper
which you had prepared.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set right, as a wrong; to repair, as an
injury; to make amends for; to remedy; to relieve from.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those wrongs, those bitter injuries, . . . <BR>
I doubt not but with honor to <i>redress</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make amends or compensation to; to
relieve of anything unjust or oppressive; to bestow relief upon.</def>
"'T is thine, O king! the afflicted to <i>redress</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Will Gaul or Muscovite <i>redress ye</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*dress"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of redressing; a making right; reformation; correction;
amendment.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Reformation of evil laws is commendable, but for us the
more necessary is a speedy <i>redress</i> of ourselves.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A setting right, as of wrong, injury, or
opression; as, the <i>redress</i> of grievances; hence, relief;
remedy; reparation; indemnification.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A few may complain without reason; but there is
occasion for <i>redress</i> when the cry is universal.</blockquote>
<i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, gives relief; a
redresser.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair majesty, the refuge and <i>redress</i><BR>
Of those whom fate pursues and wants oppress.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*dress"al</hw> (r?*dr?s"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Redress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*dress"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
redresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*dress"i*ble</hw> (-?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such as
may be redressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*dress"ive</hw> (-?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
redress.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*dress"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having
redress; such as can not be redressed; irremediable.</def>
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*dress"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>redressement</i>.] <def>The act of redressing; redress.</def>
<i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red"-rib`and</hw> (r?d"r?b`<i>a</i>nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European red band fish, or fireflame. See
<u>Rend fish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"root`</hw> (r?d"r?t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A name of several plants having red roots, as the New Jersey tea
(see under <u>Tea</u>), the gromwell, the bloodroot, and the
<i>Lachnanthes tinctoria</i>, an endogenous plant found in sandy
swamps from Rhode Island to Florida.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red`sear"</hw> (r?d`s?r"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
brittle when red-hot; to be red-short.</def>  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red"shank`</hw> (r?d"sh?nk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
common Old World limicoline bird (<i>Totanus calidris</i>), having the
legs and feet pale red. The spotted redshank (<i>T. fuscus</i>) is
larger, and has orange-red legs. Called also <i>redshanks</i>,
<i>redleg</i>, and <i>clee</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
fieldfare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bare-legged person; -- a contemptuous
appellation formerly given to the Scotch Highlanders, in allusion to
their bare legs.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red"-short`</hw> (-sh?rt`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>Hot-short; brittle when red-hot; -- said of
certain kinds of iron.</def> -- <wf>Red"-short`ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Red"skin`</hw> (-sk?n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A common
appellation for a North American Indian; -- so called from the color
of the skin.</def>  <i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red"start`</hw> (-st?rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Red</i> +
<i>start</i> tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
small, handsome European singing bird (<i>Ruticilla
ph&oelig;nicurus</i>), allied to the nightingale; -- called also
<i>redtail</i>, <i>brantail</i>, <i>fireflirt</i>, <i>firetail</i>.
The black redstart is <i>P.tithys</i>.  The name is also applied to
several other species of <i>Ruticilla</i> amnd allied genera, native
of India.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An American fly-catching
warbler (<i>Setophaga ruticilla</i>). The male is black, with large
patches of orange-red on the sides, wings, and tail. The female is
olive, with yellow patches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"streak`</hw> (-str?k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of apple having the skin streaked with
red and yellow, -- a favorite English cider apple.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cider pressed from redstreak
apples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"tail`</hw> (-t?l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The red-tailed
hawk.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The European redstart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"-tailed`</hw> (-t?ld`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
red tail.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Red-tailed hawk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
North American hawk (<i>Buteo borealis</i>). When adult its tail is
chestnut red. Called also <i>hen hawck</i>, and <i>red-tailed
buzzard</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Red"-tape`</hw> (-t?p`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or characterized by, official formality. See <i>Red tape</i>,
under <u>Red</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Red`-tap"ism</hw> (r?d`t?p"?z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Strict adherence to official formalities.</def>  <i>J. C.
Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red`-tap"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
tenacious of a strict adherence to official formalities.</def>  <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red"throat`</hw> (r?d"thr?t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small Australian singing bird
(<i>Phyrrhol&aelig;mus brunneus</i>). The upper parts are brown, the
center of the throat red.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"top`</hw> (-t?p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A kind of grass (<i>Agrostis vulgaris</i>) highly valued in the
United States for pasturage and hay for cattle; -- called also
<i>English grass</i>, and in some localities <i>herd's grass</i>. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix. The tall redtop is <i>Triodia
seslerioides</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*dub"</hw> (r?*d?b"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>radouber</i> to refit or repair.] <def>To refit; to repair, or make
reparation for; hence, to repay or requite.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It shall be good that you <i>redub</i> that
negligence.</blockquote> <i>Wyatt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God shall give power to <i>redub it with some like
requital to the French</i>.</blockquote> <i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*duce"</hw> (r&esl;*d&umacr;s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reduced</u> (-d&umacr;st"),;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reducing</u> (-
d&umacr;"s&ibreve;ng).] [L. <i>reducere</i>, <i>reductum</i>; pref.
<i>red-</i>. <i>re-</i>, re- +  <i>ducere</i> to lead. See
<u>Duke</u>, and cf. <u>Redoubt</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring or lead back to any former place or
condition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And to his brother's house <i>reduced</i> his
wife.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sheep must of necessity be scattered, unless the
great Shephered of souls oppose, or some of his delegates
<i>reduce</i> and direct us.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring to any inferior state, with
respect to rank, size, quantity, quality, value, etc.; to diminish; to
lower; to degrade; to impair; as, to <i>reduce</i> a sergeant to the
ranks; to <i>reduce</i> a drawing; to <i>reduce</i> expenses; to
<i>reduce</i> the intensity of heat.</def> "An ancient but
<i>reduced</i> family."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing so excellent but a man may fasten upon
something belonging to it, to <i>reduce</i> it.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Having <i>reduced</i><BR>
Their foe to misery beneath their fears.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hester Prynne was shocked at the condition to which she
found the clergyman <i>reduced</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring to terms; to humble; to conquer;
to subdue; to capture; as, to <i>reduce</i> a province or a
fort.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1205 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bring to a certain state or condition by
grinding, pounding, kneading, rubbing, etc.; as, to <i>reduce</i> a
substance to powder, or to a pasty mass; to <i>reduce</i> fruit, wood,
or paper rags, to pulp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were but right<BR>
And equal to <i>reduce</i> me to my dust.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bring into a certain order, arrangement,
classification, etc.; to bring under rules or within certain limits of
descriptions and terms adapted to use in computation; as, to
<i>reduce</i> animals or vegetables to a class or classes; to
<i>reduce</i> a series of observations in astronomy; to <i>reduce</i>
language to rules.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
change, as numbers, from one denomination into another without
altering their value, or from one denomination into others of the same
value; as, to <i>reduce</i> pounds, shillings, and pence to pence, or
to <i>reduce</i> pence to pounds; to <i>reduce</i> days and hours to
minutes, or minutes to days and hours.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>To change the form of a quantity or expression without altering
its value; as, to <i>reduce</i> fractions to their lowest terms, to a
common denominator, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To bring to the metallic
state by separating from impurities; hence, in general, to remove
oxygen from; to deoxidize; to combine with, or to subject to the
action of, hydrogen; as, ferric iron is <i>reduced</i> to ferrous
iron; or metals are <i>reduced</i> from their ores; -- opposed to
<i>oxidize</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To restore to its proper
place or condition, as a displaced organ or part; as, to <i>reduce</i>
a dislocation, a fracture, or a hernia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reduced iron</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>metallic iron
obtained through deoxidation of an oxide of iron by exposure to a
current of hydrogen or other reducing agent. When hydrogen is used the
product is called also <i>iron by hydrogen</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To
reduce an equation</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>to bring the unknown
quantity by itself on one side, and all the known quantities on the
other side, without destroying the equation.</cd> -- <col><b>To reduce
an expression</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>to obtain an equivalent
expression of simpler form.</cd> -- <col><b>To reduce a
square</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to reform the line or column from
the square.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To diminish; lessen; decrease; abate; shorten;
curtail; impair; lower; subject; subdue; subjugate; conquer.</p>

<p><hw>Re*duce"ment</hw> (r?*d?s"m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reduction.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*du"cent</hw> (r?*d?"s<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reducens</i>, p. pr. of <i>reducere</i>.] <def>Tending to
reduce.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A reducent agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*du"cer</hw> (-s?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, reduces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*du"ci*ble</hw> (-s?*b'll), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being reduced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*du"ci*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being reducible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*du"cing</hw> (r?*d?"s?ng), <def><pos><i>a &amp; n.</i></pos>
from <u>Reduce</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reducing furnace</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a furnace
for reducing ores.</cd> -- <col><b>Reducing pipe fitting</b></col>,
<cd>a pipe fitting, as a coupling, an elbow, a tee, etc., for
connecting a large pipe with a smaller one.</cd> -- <col><b>Reducing
valve</b></col>, <cd>a device for automatically maintaining a
diminished pressure of steam, air, gas, etc., in a pipe, or other
receiver, which is fed from a boiler or pipe in which the pressure is
higher than is desired in the receiver.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*duct"</hw> (r?*d?kt"), <pos><i>v. t..</i></pos> [L.
<i>reductus</i>, p. p. of <i>reducere</i>. See <u>Reduce</u>.] <def>To
reduce.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W. Warde.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*duc`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (r?*d?k`t?*b?l"?*t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being reducible;
reducibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*duc"tion</hw> (r?*d?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;duction</i>, L.  <i>reductio</i>. See <u>Reduce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of reducing, or state of being
reduced; conversion to a given state or condition; diminution;
conquest; as, the <i>reduction</i> of a body to powder; the
<i>reduction</i> of things to order; the <i>reduction</i> of the
expenses of government; the <i>reduction</i> of a rebellious
province.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arith. &amp; Alq.)</i> <def>The act or process
of reducing. See <u>Reduce</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 6. and <i>To
reduce an equation</i>, <i>To reduce an expression</i>, under
<u>Reduce</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
correction of observations for known errors of instruments, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The preparation of the facts and measurements
of observations in order to deduce a general result.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The process of making a copy of something,
as a figure, design, or draught, on a smaller scale, preserving the
proper proportions.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The bringing of a syllogism
in one of the so-called imperfect modes into a mode in the first
figure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Chem. &amp; Metal.)</i> <def>The act, process,
or result of reducing; as, the <i>reduction</i> of iron from its ores;
the <i>reduction</i> of aldehyde from alcohol.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The operation of restoring a
dislocated or fractured part to its former place.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reduction ascending</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>the
operation of changing numbers of a lower into others of a higher
denomination, as cents to dollars.</cd> -- <col><b>Reduction
descending</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>the operation of changing
numbers of a higher into others of a lower denomination, as dollars to
cents.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diminution; decrease; abatement; curtailment;
subjugation; conquest; subjection.</p>

<p><hw>Re*duc"tive</hw> (-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;ductif</i>.] <def>Tending to reduce; having the power or
effect of reducing.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A reductive
agent.</def> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*duc"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By reduction;
by consequence.</def></p>

<p><hw>||R&eacute;`duit"</hw> (r?`dw?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Redoubt</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A central
or retired work within any other work.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*dun"dance</hw> (r?*d?n"d<i>a</i>ns),
<hw>Re*dun"dan*cy</hw> (-d<i>a</i>n*s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>redundantia</i>: cf. F. <i>redondance</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being redundant;
superfluity; superabundance; excess.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is redundant or in excess;
anything superfluous or superabundant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Labor . . . throws off <i>redundacies</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Surplusage inserted in a
pleading which may be rejected by the court without impairing the
validity of what remains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*dun"dant</hw> (-d<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>redundans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>redundare</i>: cf. F.
<i>redondant</i>. See <u>Redound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exceeding what is natural or necessary; superabundant; exuberant;
as, a <i>redundant</i> quantity of bile or food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Notwithstanding the <i>redundant</i> oil in fishes,
they do not increase fat so much as flesh.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Using more worrds or images than are
necessary or useful; pleonastic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where an suthor is <i>redundant</i>, mark those
paragraphs to be retrenched.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Superfluous; superabundant; excessive; exuberant;
overflowing; plentiful; copious.</p>

<p><hw>Re*dun"dant*ly</hw> (r?*d?n"d<i>a</i>nt*l?),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a refundant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*du"pli*cate</hw> (r?*d?"pl?*k?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>duplicate</i>: cf. L. <i>reduplicatus</i>.  Cf.
<u>Redouble</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Double; doubled;
reduplicative; repeated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Valvate with the margins
curved outwardly; -- said of the &?;stivation of certain
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*du"pli*cate</hw> (-k?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>reduplicare</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To redouble; to multiply; to
repeat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To repeat the first letter
or letters of (a word). See <u>Reduplication</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*du`pli*ca"tion</hw> (-k?sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;duplication</i>, L. <i>reduplicatio</i> repetition.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of doubling, or the state of being
doubled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A figure in which the first
word of a verse is the same as the last word of the preceding
verse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>The doubling of a stem or
syllable (more or less modified), with the effect of changing the time
expressed, intensifying the meaning, or making the word more
imitative; also, the syllable thus added; as, L. <i>te</i>tuli;
<i>po</i>posci.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*du"pli*ca*tive</hw> (-k?*t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;duplicatif</i>.] <def>Double; formed by reduplication;
reduplicate.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red"u*vid</hw> (r?d"?*v?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reduvia</i> a hangnail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any hemipterous
insect of the genus <i>Redivius</i>, or family <i>Reduvid&aelig;</i>.
They live by sucking the blood of other insects, and some species also
attack man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"weed`</hw> (r&ebreve;d"w&emacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The red poppy (<i>Papaver Rh&oelig;as</i>).</def>
<i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red"wing`</hw> (-w?ng`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European thrush (<i>Turdus iliacus</i>).
Its under wing coverts are orange red. Called also <i>redwinged
thrush</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A North American passerine bird
(<i>Agelarius ph&oelig;niceus</i>) of the family
<i>Icterid&aelig;</i>. The male is black, with a conspicuous patch of
bright red, bordered with orange, on each wing. Called also
<i>redwinged blackbird</i>, <i>red-winged troupial</i>, <i>marsh
blackbird</i>, and <i>swamp blackbird</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"withe`</hw> (r?d"w?th`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A west Indian climbing shrub (<i>Combretum Jacquini</i>) with
slender reddish branchlets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red"wood`</hw> (-w&oocr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A gigantic coniferous tree (<i>Sequoia
sempervirens</i>) of California, and its light and durable reddish
timber. See <u>Sequoia</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An East
Indian dyewood, obtained from <i>Pterocarpus santalinus</i>,
<i>C&aelig;salpinia Sappan</i>, and several other trees.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The redwood of Andaman is <i>Pterocarpus dalbergioides</i>;
that of some parts of tropical America, several species of
<i>Erythoxylum</i>; that of Brazil, the species of
<i>Humirium</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ree</hw> (r&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>real</i>, pl.
<i>reis</i>. See <u>Real</u> the money.] <def>See
<u>Rei</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ree</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. G.
<i>r&auml;den</i>, <i>raden</i>, <i>raiten</i>.  Cf. <u>Riddle</u> a
sieve.] <def>To riddle; to sift; to separate or throw off.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ree"bok`</hw> (r?"b?k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D., literally,
roebuck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The peele.</def> [Written also
<i>rehboc</i> and <i>rheeboc</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;ch"o</hw> (r&emacr;*&ebreve;k"&osl;), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To echo back; to reverberate again; as, the hills
<i>re&euml;cho</i> the roar of cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;ch"o</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give
echoes; to return back, or be reverberated, as an echo; to resound; to
be resonant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And a loud groan <i>re&euml;choes</i> from the
main.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;ch"o</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The echo of an
echo; a repeated or second echo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reech"y</hw> (r&emacr;ch"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Reeky</u>.] <def>Smoky; reeky; hence, begrimed with dirt.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Reed</hw> (r&emacr;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Red.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reed</hw>, <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Rede</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The fourth stomach of a
ruminant; rennet.</def> [Prov. Eng. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Reed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hre&oacute;d</i>; akin
to D. <i>riet</i>, G. <i>riet</i>, <i>ried</i>, OHG. <i>kriot</i>,
<i>riot</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to
many tall and coarse grasses or grasslike plants, and their slender,
often jointed, stems, such as the various kinds of bamboo, and
especially the common reed of Europe and North America (<i>Phragmites
communis</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A musical instrument made of the hollow
joint of some plant; a rustic or pastoral pipe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arcadian pipe, the pastoral <i>reed</i><BR>
Of Hermes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An arrow, as made of a reed.</def>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Straw prepared for thatching a roof.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
piece of cane or wood attached to the mouthpiece of certain
instruments, and set in vibration by the breath. In the clarinet it is
a single fiat reed; in the oboe and bassoon it is double, forming a
compressed tube.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the thin pieces
of metal, the vibration of which produce the tones of a melodeon,
accordeon, harmonium, or seraphine; also attached to certain sets or
registers of pipes in an organ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A frame having parallel
flat stripe of metal or reed, between which the warp threads pass, set
in the swinging lathe or batten of a loom for beating up the weft; a
sley. See <u>Batten</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A tube containing the train
of powder for igniting the charge in blasting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Reeding</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Egyptian reed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
papyrus.</cd> -- <col><b>Free reed</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a reed
whose edges do not overlap the wind passage, -- used in the harmonium,
concertina, etc. It is distinguished from the <i>beating</i> or
<i>striking reed</i> of the organ and clarinet.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow
reed grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the <i>Glyceria aquatica</i>,
a tall grass found in wet places.</cd> -- <col><b>Reed
babbler</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Reedbird</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Reed
bunting</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A European sparrow
(<i>Emberiza sch&oelig;niclus</i>) which frequents marshy places; --
called also <i>reed sparrow</i>, <i>ring bunting</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Reedling.</cd> -- <col><b>Reed canary
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tall wild grass (<i>Phalaris
arundinacea</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Reed grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The common reed</cd>. See <u>Reed</u>, 1.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A plant of the genus <i>Sparganium</i>; bur
reed. See under <u>Bur</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Reed organ</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an organ in which the wind acts on a set of free
reeds, as the harmonium, melodeon, concertina, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Reed pipe</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a pipe of an organ
furnished with a reed.</cd> -- <col><b>Reed sparrow</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Reed bunting</i>, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Reed stop</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a set of pipes in an
organ furnished with reeds.</cd> -- <col><b>Reed warbler</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small European warbler
(<i>Acrocephalus streperus</i>); -- called also <i>reed wren</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of several species of Indian and
Australian warblers of the genera <i>Acrocephalus</i>,
<i>Calamoherpe</i>, and <i>Arundinax</i>. They are excellent
singers.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea-sand reed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
kind of coarse grass (<i>Ammophila arundinacea</i>). See <i>Beach
grass</i>, under <u>Beach</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood reed
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tall, elegant grass (<i>Cinna
arundinacea</i>), common in moist woods.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Reed"bird`</hw> (r?d"b?rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The bobolink.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of several small Asiatic singing birds of
the genera <i>Sch&oelig;nicola</i> and <i>Eurycercus</i>; -- called
also <i>reed babbler</i>.</def>
<hw>Reed"buck"</hw> (-b?k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Rietboc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reed"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Civered with reeds; reedy.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formed with channels and ridges like
reeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reed"en</hw> (r?d"'n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
a reed or reeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through <i>reeden</i> pipes convey the golden
flood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;d`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (r?*?d`?*f?*k?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;&eacute;dification</i>. See
<u>Re&euml;dify</u>.] <def>The act re&euml;difying; the state of being
re&euml;dified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;d"i*fy</hw> (r?*?d"?*ff?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>edify</i>: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;&eacute;difier</i>, L. <i>reaedificare</i>.] <def>To edify
anew; to build again after destruction.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reed"ing</hw> (r?d"?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 4th
<u>Reed</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small convex
molding; a reed (see <i>Illust.</i> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> of
<u>Molding</u>); one of several set close together to decorate a
surface; also, decoration by means of reedings; -- the reverse of
<i>fluting</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Several <i>reedings</i> are often placed together, parallel
to each other, either projecting from, or inserted into, the adjining
surface. The decoration so produced is then called, in general,
<i>reeding</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The nurling on the edge of a coin; --
commonly called <i>milling</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reed"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of reeds;
as, <i>reedless</i> banks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reed"ling</hw> (-l?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European bearded titmouse (<i>Panurus
biarmicus</i>); -- called also <i>reed bunting</i>, <i>bearded
pinnock</i>, and <i>lesser butcher bird</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is orange brown, marked with black, white, and yellow on
the wings. The male has a tuft of black feathers on each side of the
face.</p>

<p><hw>Reed"-mace`</hw> (-m?s`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The cat-tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reed"work`</hw> (-w?rk`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A collective name for the reed stops of an organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reed"y</hw> (-?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with reeds; covered with reeds.</def> "A <i>reedy</i>
pool."  <i>Thomson .</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality of reed in tone, that
is, &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; and thin^ as some voices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reef</hw> (r?f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D. <i>rif</i>,
G. <i>riff</i>, Icel. <i>rif</i>, Dan. <i>rev</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>rifa</i> rift, rent, fissure, <i>rifa</i> to rive, bear.  Cf.
<u>Rift</u>, <u>Rive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chain or range of
rocks lying at or near the surface of the water. See <i>Coral
reefs</i>, under <u>Coral</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>A large vein of auriferous
quartz; -- so called in Australia. Hence, any body of rock yielding
valuable ore.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reef builder</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any stony
coral which contributes material to the formation of coral reefs.</cd>
-- <col><b>Reef heron</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any heron of
the genus <i>Demigretta</i>; as, the blue <i>reef heron</i> (<i>D.
jugularis</i>) of Australia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Reef</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D. <i>reef</i>, G.
<i>reff</i>, Sw. <i>ref</i>; cf. Icel. <i>rif</i> reef, <i>rifa</i> to
basten together.  Cf. <u>Reeve</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<u>River</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That part of a sail which is taken
in or let out by means of the reef points, in order to adapt the size
of the sail to the force of the wind.</def></p>

<p>&fist; From the head to the first reef-band, in square sails, is
termed the <i>first reef</i>; from this to the next is the <i>second
reef</i>; and so on. In fore-and-aft sails, which reef on the foot,
the first reef is the lowest part.  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Close reef</b></col>, <cd>the last reef that can be put
in.</cd> -- <col><b>Reef band</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Reef-band</u> in
the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Reef knot</b></col>, <cd>the knot
which is used in tying reef pointss. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Knot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Reef line</b></col>, <cd>a small rope
formerly used to reef the courses by being passed spirally round the
yard and through the holes of the reef.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> --
<col><b>Reef points</b></col>, <cd>pieces of small rope passing
through the eyelet holes of a reef-band, and used reefing the
sail.</cd> -- <col><b>Reef tackle</b></col>, <cd>a tackle by which the
reef cringles, or rings, of a sail are hauled up to the yard for
reefing.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>To take a reef in</b></col>,
<cd>to reduce the size of (a sail) by folding or rolling up a reef,
and lashing it to the spar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Reef</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reefed</u> (r&emacr;ft); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reefing</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To reduce the extent
of (as a sail) by roiling or folding a certain portion of it and
making it fast to the yard or spar.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To reef the paddles</b></col>, <cd>to move the floats of a
paddle wheel toward its center so that they will not dip so
deeply.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1206 !></p>

<p><hw>Reef"-band`</hw> (r?f"b?nd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of canvas sewed across a sail to
strengthen it in the part where the eyelet holes for reefing are
made.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reef"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One who reefs; -- a name often given to
midshipmen.</def>  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A close-fitting lacket or short coat of
thick cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reef"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
process of taking in a reef.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reefing bowsprit</b></col>, <cd>a bowsprit so rigged that
it can easily be run in or shortened by sliding inboard, as in
cutters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Reef"y</hw> (-?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of reefs or
rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reek</hw> (r&emacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rick.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reek</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>r&emc;c</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>r&emacr;k</i>, LG. &amp; D. <i>rook</i>, G. <i>rauch</i>, OHG.
<i>rouh</i>, Dan. r&ouml;g, Sw. <i>r&ouml;k</i>, Icel. <i>reykr</i>,
and to AS. <i>re&oacute;can</i> to reek, smoke, Icel.
<i>rj&umacr;ka</i>, G. <i>riechen</i> to smell.] <def>Vapor; steam;
smoke; fume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As hateful to me as the <i>reek</i> of a
limekiln.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reek</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reeked</u> (r&emacr;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reeking</u>.] [As. <i>r&emacr;can</i>. See <u>Reek</u>
vapor.] <def>To emit vapor, usually that which is warm and moist; to
be full of fumes; to steam; to smoke; to exhale.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Few chimneys <i>reeking</i> you shall
espy.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I found me laid<BR>
In balmy sweat, which with his beams the sun<BR>
Soon dried, and on the <i>reeking</i> moisture fed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The coffee rooms <i>reeked</i> with
tobacco.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reek"y</hw> (-?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 2d <u>Reek</u>;
cf. <u>Reechy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Soiled with smoke or
steam; smoky; foul.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Emitting reek.</def> "<i>Reeky</i> fen."
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reel</hw> (r?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>righil</i>.]
<def>A lively dance of the Highlanders of Scotland; also, the music to
the dance; -- often called <i>Scotch reel</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Virginia reel</b></col>, <cd>the common name throughout the
United States for the old English "country dance," or contradance
(<i>contredanse</i>).</cd> <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>kre&?;l</i>: cf. Icel.
<i>kr&?;ll</i> a weaver's reed or sley.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
frame with radial arms, or a kind of spool, turning on an axis, on
which yarn, threads, lines, or the like, are wound; as, a log
<i>reel</i>, used by seamen; an angler's <i>reel</i>; a garden
<i>reel</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine on which yarn is wound and
measured into lays and hanks, -- for cotton or linen it is fifty-four
inches in circuit; for worsted, thirty inches.</def>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A device consisting of
radial arms with horizontal stats, connected with a harvesting
machine, for holding the stalks of grain in position to be cut by the
knives.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reel oven</b></col>, <cd>a baker's oven in which bread pans
hang suspended from the arms of a kind of reel revolving on a
horizontal axis.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reeled</u> (r?ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reeling</u>. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To roll.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And Sisyphus an huge round stone did
<i>reel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wind upon a reel, as yarn or
thread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>ragla</i>. See
<u>2d Reel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To incline, in walking, from
one side to the other; to stagger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>reel</i> to and fro, and stagger like a drunken
man.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cvii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He, with heavy fumes oppressed,<BR>
<i>Reeled</i> from the palace, and retired to rest.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wagons <i>reeling</i> under the yellow
sheaves.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a whirling sensation; to be
giddy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In these lengthened vigils his brain often
<i>reeled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or motion of
reeling or staggering; as, a drunken <i>reel</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;*lect"</hw> (r?`?*l?kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To elect again; as, to <i>re&euml;lect</i> the former
governor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;*lec"tion</hw> (-l?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Election a second time, or anew; as, the <i>re&euml;lection</i>
of a former chief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reel"er</hw> (r?l"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who reels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The grasshopper
warbler; -- so called from its note.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;l"i*gi*ble</hw>
(r&emc;*&ebreve;l"&ibreve;*j&ibreve;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Eligible again; capable of re&euml;lection; as,
<i>re&euml;ligible</i> to the same office.</def> --
<wf>Re*&euml;l`i*gi*bil"i*ty</wf>
(r&emc;*&ebreve;l`&ibreve;*j&ibreve;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Reem</hw> (r?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Hebrew name of a horned wild animal,
probably the Urus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In King James's Version it is called <i>unicorn</i>; in the
Revised Version, <i>wild ox</i>.  <i>Job xxxix. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Ream</u> to make a
hole in.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To open (the seams of a vessel's
planking) for the purpose of calking them.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reeming iron</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an iron chisel
for reeming the seams of planks in calking ships.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;m*bark"</hw> (r?`?m*b?rk"), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> <def>To put, or go, on board a vessel again; to embark
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;m`bar*ka"tion</hw> (r?*?m`b?r*k?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A putting, or going, on board a vessel
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;m*bod"y</hw> (r?`?m*b?d"?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To embody again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;m*brace"</hw> (-br?s"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To embrace again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;*merge"</hw> (r?`?*m?rj"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To emerge again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;*mer"gence</hw> (-m?r"j<i>e</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of re&euml;merging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*act"</hw> (r?`?n*?kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To enact again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*ac"tion</hw> (-?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of re&euml;nacting; the state of being
re&euml;nacted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*act"ment</hw> (-?kt"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The enacting or passing of a law a second
time; the renewal of a law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*cour"age</hw> (-k?r"?j;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To encourage again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*dow"</hw> (-dou"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
endow again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*force"</hw> (-f?rs"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>enforce</i>: cf. F. <i>renforcer</i>.] <def>To
strengthen with new force, assistance, material, or support; as, to
<i>re&euml;nforce</i> an argument; to <i>re&euml;nforce</i> a garment;
especially, to strengthen with additional troops, as an army or a
fort, or with additional ships, as a fleet.</def> [Written also
<i>reinforce</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*force"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Re&euml;nforce</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Ranforce</u>,
<u>Reinforce</u>.] <def>Something which re&euml;nforces or
strengthens.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of
a cannon near the breech which is thicker than the rest of the piece,
so as better to resist the force of the exploding powder. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Cannon</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
additional thickness of canvas, cloth, or the like, around an eyelet,
buttonhole, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*force"ment</hw> (r?`?n*f?rs"m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
re&euml;nforcing, or the state of being re&euml;nforced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which re&euml;nforces; additional
force; especially, additional troops or force to augment the strength
of any army, or ships to strengthen a navy or fleet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*gage"</hw> (-g?j), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To engage a second time or again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*gage"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A renewed or repeated engagement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*grave"</hw> (-gr?v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To engrave anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*joy"</hw> (-joi"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
enjoy anew.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*joy"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Renewed enjoyment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*kin"dle</hw> (-k?n"d'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To enkindle again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*list"</hw> (-l?st"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To enlist again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*list"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A renewed enlistment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*slave"</hw> (-sl?v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To enslave again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;n"ter</hw> (r?*?n"t?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To enter again.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engraving)</i> <def>To cut deeper, as
engraved lines on a plate of metal, when the engraving has not been
deep enough, or the plate has become worn in printing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;n"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To enter anew
or again.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Re&euml;ntering angle</b></col>, <cd>an angle of a polygon
pointing inward, as <i>a</i>, in the cut.</cd> --
<col><b>Re&euml;ntering polygon</b></col>, <cd>a polygon having one or
more re&euml;ntering angles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;n"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Calico
Printing.)</i> <def>The process of applying additional colors, by
applications of printing blocks, to patterns already partly
colored.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*throne"</hw> (-thr?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To enthrone again; to replace on a throne.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;n*throne"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second enthroning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;n"trance</hw> (r?*?n"tr<i>a</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act entereing again; re&?;ntry.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;n"trant</hw> (-tr<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Re&euml;ntering; pointing or directed inwardds; as, a
<i>re&?;ntrant</i> angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;n"try</hw> (-tr?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A second or new entry; as, a
<i>re&euml;ntry</i> into public life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A resuming or retaking
possession of what one has lately foregone; -- applied especially to
land; the entry by a lessor upon the premises leased, on failure of
the tenant to pay rent or perform the covenants in the lease.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Card of re&euml;try</b></col>, <i>(Whist)</i>, <cd>a card
that by winning a trick will bring one the lead at an advanced period
of the hand.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;*rect"</hw> (r?`?*r?kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To erect again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reer"mouse`</hw> (r?r"mous`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Rearmouse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;s*tab"lish</hw> (r?`?s*t?b"l?sh), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To establish anew; to fix or confirm again; to
restore; as, to <i>re&euml;stablish</i> a covenant; to
<i>re&euml;stablish</i> health.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;s*tab"lish*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who establishes again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;s*tab"lish*ment</hw> (-mnt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act re&euml;stablishing; the state of being
re&euml;stablished.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;s*tate"</hw> (-t?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
re&euml;stablish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Walis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reeve</hw> (r?v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The female of the ruff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reeve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rove</u> (r?v); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reeving</u>.] [Cf. D. <i>reven</i>. See <u>Reef</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
pass, as the end of a pope, through any hole in a block, thimble,
cleat, ringbolt, cringle, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reeve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>reve</i>, AS.
<i>ger&?;fa</i>.  Cf. <u>Sheriff</u>.] <def>an officer, steward,
bailiff, or governor; -- used chiefly in compounds; as,
shire<i>reeve</i>, now written <i>sheriff</i>; port<i>reeve</i>,
etc.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;x*am"i*na*ble</hw> (r?`?gz*?m"?*n?*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting of being re&euml;xamined or
reconsidered.</def>  <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;x*am`i*na"tion</hw> (-?*n?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A repeated examination. See under <u>Examination</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;x*am"ine</hw> (--?n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
examine anew.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;x*change"</hw> (r?`?ks*ch?nj"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To exchange anew; to reverse (a previous
exchange).</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;x*change"</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A renewed exchange; a reversal of an exchange.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The expense chargeable on a
bill of exchange or draft which has been dishonored in a foreign
country, and returned to the country in which it was made or indorsed,
and then taken up.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rate of <i>re&euml;xchange</i> is regulated with
respect to the drawer, at the course of exchange between the place
where the bill of exchange was payable, and the place where it was
drawn. <i>Re&euml;xchange</i> can not be cumulated.</blockquote>
<i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;x*hib"it</hw> (r?`?gz*?b"?t or -?ks*h?b"?t),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exhibit again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;x*pel"</hw> (r?`?ks*p?l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To expel again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;x*pe"ri*ence</hw> (-p?`r?-<i>e</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A renewed or repeated experience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;x*port"</hw> (-p?rt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
export again, as what has been imported.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;x"port</hw> (r?*?ks"p?rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Any commodity re&euml;xported; -- chiefly in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*&euml;x`por*ta"tion</hw> (-p?r*t?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of re&euml;xporting, or of exporting
an import.</def>  <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`&euml;x*pul"sion</hw> (r?`?ks*p?l"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Renewed or repeated expulsion.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reezed</hw> (r&emacr;zd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Grown rank;
rancid; rusty.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Reezed</i> bacon."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fac"tion</hw> (r?*f?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Refection</u>.] <def>Recompense; atonement; retribution.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*far"</hw> (r?*f?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>refaire</i> to do over again.] <def>To go over again; to
repeat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To him therefore this wonder done
<i>refar</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fash"ion</hw> (r?*f?sh"?n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
fashion anew; to form or mold into shape a second time.</def>
<i>MacKnight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fash"ion*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of refashioning, or the state of being refashioned.</def>
[R.]  <i>Leigh Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fas"ten</hw> (r?*f?s"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
fasten again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fect"</hw> (r?*f?kt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refectus</i>, p. p. of <i>reficere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>facere</i> to make.] <def>To restore after hunger or fatigue; to
refresh.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fec"tion</hw> (r?*f?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refectio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;fection</i>. See <u>Refect</u>,
<u>Fact</u>.] <def>Refreshment after hunger or fatigue; a repast; a
lunch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[His] feeble spirit inly felt
<i>refection</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those Attic nights, and those <i>refections</i> of the
gods.</blockquote> <i>Curran.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fec"tive</hw> (r?*f?k"t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Refreshing; restoring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fec"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
refreshes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fec"to*ry</hw> (-t&osl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i>; <plw><b>Refectories</b></plw> (-r&?;z). [<u>LL</u>.
<i>refectorium</i>: cf. F.  <i>r&eacute;fectoire</i>. See
<u>Refection</u>.] <def>A room for refreshment; originally, a dining
hall in monasteries or convents.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Sometimes pronounced r&ebreve;f"&ebreve;k*t&osl;*r&ybreve;,
especially when signifying the eating room in monasteries.</p>

<p><hw>Re*fel"</hw> (r?*f?l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refellere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>fallere</i> to deceive.]
<def>To refute; to disprove; as, to <i>refel</i> the tricks of a
sophister.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How he <i>refelled</i> me, and how I
replied.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fer"</hw> (r&esl;*f&etilde;r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Referred</u> (-f&etilde;rd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Referring</u>.] [F.
<i>r&eacute;f&eacute;rer</i>, L.  <i>referre</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re-
+ <i>ferre</i> to bear. See <u>Bear</u> to carry.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To carry or send back.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To send or direct away; to send or
direct elsewhere, as for treatment, aid, information, decision, etc.;
to make over, or pass over, to another; as, to <i>refer</i> a student
to an author; to <i>refer</i> a beggar to an officer; to <i>refer</i>
a bill to a committee; a court <i>refers</i> a matter of fact to a
commissioner for investigation, or <i>refers</i> a question of law to
a superior tribunal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To place in or under by a mental or
rational process; to assign to, as a class, a cause, source, a motive,
reason, or ground of explanation; as, he <i>referred</i> the phenomena
to electrical disturbances.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To refer one's self</b></col>, <cd>to have recourse; to
betake one's self; to make application; to appeal.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>refer</i> me to all things sense.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To have recourse; to apply; to appeal; to betake one's self; as,
to <i>refer</i> to a dictionary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In suits . . . it is to <i>refer</i> to some friend of
trust.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have relation or reference; to relate;
to point; as, the figure <i>refers</i> to a footnote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of those places that <i>refer</i> to the shutting and
opening the abyss, I take notice of that in Job.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To carry the mind or thought; to direct
attention; as, the preacher <i>referred</i> to the late
election.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To direct inquiry for information or a
guarantee of any kind, as in respect to one's integrity, capacity,
pecuniary ability, and the like; as, I <i>referred</i> to his employer
for the truth of his story.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To allude; advert; suggest; appeal.  <u>Refer</u>,
<u>Allude</u>, <u>Advert</u>. We <i>refer</i> to a thing by
specifically and distinctly introducing it into our discourse. We
<i>allude</i> to it by introducing it indirectly or indefinitely, as
by something collaterally allied to it. We <i>advert</i> to it by
turning off somewhat abruptly to consider it more at large. Thus,
Macaulay <i>refers</i> to the early condition of England at the
opening of his history; he <i>alludes</i> to these statements from
time to time; and <i>adverts</i>, in the progress of his work, to
various circumstances of peculiar interest, on which for a time he
dwells. "But to do good is . . . that that Solomon chiefly
<i>refers</i> to in the text." <i>Sharp.</i> "This, I doubt not, was
that artificial structure here <i>alluded</i> to." <i>T.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now to the universal whole <i>advert</i>:<BR>
The earth regard as of that whole a part.</blockquote>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ref"er*a*ble</hw> (r?f"?r*?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being referred, or considered in relation to something
else; assignable; ascribable.</def> [Written also
<i>referrible</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is a question among philosophers, whether all the
attractions which obtain between bodies are <i>referable</i> to one
general cause.</blockquote> <i>W. Nicholson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ref`er*ee"</hw> (-&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One to whom a
thing is referred; a person to whom a matter in dispute has been
referred, in order that he may settle it.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Judge; arbitrator; umpire. See <u>Judge</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ref"er*ence</hw> (r?f"?r-<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Refer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of referring, or the
state of being referred; as, <i>reference</i> to a chart for
guidance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which refers to something; a specific
direction of the attention; as, a <i>reference</i> in a text-
book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relation; regard; respect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Something that hath a <i>reference</i> to my
state.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, is referred
to.</def> Specifically; <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of whom inquires
can be made as to the integrity, capacity, and the like, of
another.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A work, or a passage in a
work, to which one is referred.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of
submitting a matter in dispute to the judgment of one or more persons
for decision.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Equity)</i> <def>The
process of sending any matter, for inquiry in a cause, to a master or
other officer, in order that he may ascertain facts and report to the
court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Appeal.</def> [R.] "Make your full
<i>reference</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Reference Bible</b></col>, <cd>a Bible in which brief
explanations, and references to parallel passages, are printed in the
margin of the text.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ref`er*en"da*ry</hw> (r?f`?r*?n"d?*r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>referendarius</i>, fr. L. <i>referendus</i> to be referred,
gerundive of <i>referre</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;f&eacute;rendaire</i>.
See <u>Refer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One to whose decision a
cause is referred; a referee.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An officer who delivered the royal answer
to petitions.</def> "<i>Referendaries</i>, or masters of request."
<i>Harmar.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, an officer of state charged with
the duty of procuring and dispatching diplomas and decrees.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ref`er*en"dum</hw> (r?f`?r*?n"d?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gerundive fr. L. <i>referre</i>. See <u>Refer</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A diplomatic agent's note asking for
instructions from his government concerning a particular matter or
point.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The right to approve or reject by popular
vote a meassure passed upon by a legislature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ref`er*en"tial</hw> (-sh<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing a reference; pointing to something out of itself; as,
notes for <i>referential</i> use.</def> -- <wf>Ref`er*en"tial*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*fer"ment</hw> (r?*f?r"m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of referring; reference.</def>  <i>Laud.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1207 !></p>

<p><hw>Re`-fer*ment"</hw> (r&?;`f&?;r*m&?;nt"), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> <def>To ferment, or cause to ferment, again.</def>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fer"rer</hw> (r?*f?r"r?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
refers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fer"ri*ble</hw> (-r?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Referable.</def>  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fig"ure</hw> (r?*f?g"?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
figure again.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fill"</hw> (r?*f?l"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
fill, or become full, again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*find"</hw> (r?*f?nd), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To find
again; to get or experience again.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fine"</hw> (r?*f?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Refined</u> (-find"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Refining</u>.] [Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>fine</i> to make
fine: cf. F. <i>raffiner</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to a
fine, unmixed, or pure state; to free from impurities; to free from
dross or alloy; to separate from extraneous matter; to purify; to
defecate; as, to <i>refine</i> gold or silver; to <i>refine</i> iron;
to <i>refine</i> wine or sugar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will bring the third part through the fire, and will
<i>refine</i> them as silver is <i>refined</i>.</blockquote> <i>Zech.
xiii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To purify from what is gross, coarse,
vulgar, inelegant, low, and the like; to make elegant or exellent; to
polish; as, to <i>refine</i> the manners, the language, the style, the
taste, the intellect, or the moral feelings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love <i>refines</i><BR>
The thoughts, and heart enlarges.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To purify; clarify; polish; ennoble.</p>

<p><hw>Re*fine"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become pure; to be cleared of feculent matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So the pure, limpid stream, when foul with stains,<BR>
Works itself clear, and, as it runs, <i>refines</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To improve in accuracy, delicacy, or
excellence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chaucer <i>refined</i> on Boccace, and mended his
stories.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But let a lord once own the happy lines,<BR>
How the wit brightens! How the style <i>refines</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To affect nicety or subtilty in thought or
language.</def> "He makes another paragraph about our <i>refining</i>
in controversy."  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fined"</hw> (-f?nd"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Freed from
impurities or alloy; purifed; polished; cultured; delicate; as;
<i>refined</i> gold; <i>refined</i> language; <i>refined</i>
sentiments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Refined</i> wits who honored poesy with their
pens.</blockquote> <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*fin"ed*ly</wf> (r&?;*f&?;n"&?;d*l&?;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Re*fin"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*fine"ment</hw> (r?*f?n"m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>raffinement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
refining, or the state of being refined; as, the <i>refinement</i> or
metals; <i>refinement</i> of ideas.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The more bodies are of kin to spirit in subtilty and
<i>refinement</i>, the more diffusive are they.</blockquote>
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From the civil war to this time, I doubt whether the
corruptions in our language have not equaled its
<i>refinements</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is refined, elaborated, or
polished to excess; an affected subtilty; as, <i>refinements</i> of
logic.</def> "The <i>refinements</i> of irregular cunning."
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Purification; polish; politeness; gentility;
elegance; cultivation; civilization.</p>

<p><hw>Re*fin"er</hw> (-f?n"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, refines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fin"er*y</hw> (-?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Refineries</b></plw> (-&?;z). [Cf. F. <i>raffinerie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The building and apparatus for refining or
purifying, esp. metals and sugar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A furnace in which cast iron is refined by
the action of a blast on the molten metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fit"</hw> (r?*f?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fit or prepare for use again; to repair; to
restore after damage or decay; as, to <i>refit</i> a garment; to
<i>refit</i> ships of war.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fit out or supply a second
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fit"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To obtain repairs or
supplies; as, the fleet returned to <i>refit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fit"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of refitting, or the state of being refitted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fix"</hw> (r?*f?ks"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fix
again or anew; to establish anew.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*flame"</hw> (r?*fl?m"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
kindle again into flame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*flect"</hw> (r?*fl?kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reflected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reflecting</u>.] [L. <i>reflectere</i>,
<i>reflexum</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>flectere</i> to bend or
turn. See <u>Flexible</u>, and cf. <u>Reflex</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bend back; to give a
backwa&?;d turn to; to throw back; especially, to cause to return
after striking upon any surface; as, a mirror <i>reflects</i> rays of
light; polished metals <i>reflect</i> heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me mind the reader to <i>reflect</i> his eye on our
quotations.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bodies close together <i>reflect</i> their own
color.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give back an image or likeness of; to
mirror.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature is the glass <i>reflecting</i> God,<BR>
As by the sea <i>reflected</i> is the sun.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*flect"</hw> <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To throw back light, heat, or the like; to return rays or
beams.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be sent back; to rebound as from a
surface; to revert; to return.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose virtues will, I hope,<BR>
<i>Reflect</i> on Rome, as Titan's rays on earth.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw or turn back the thoughts upon
anything; to contemplate. Specifically: To attend earnestly to what
passes within the mind; to attend to the facts or phenomena of
consciousness; to use attention or earnest thought; to meditate;
especially, to think in relation to moral truth or rules.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We can not be said to <i>reflect</i> upon any external
object, except so far as that object has been previously perceived,
and its image become part and parcel of our intellectual
furniture.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All men are concious of the operations of their own
minds, at all times, while they are awake, but there few who
<i>reflect</i> upon them, or make them objects of
thought.</blockquote> <i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As I much <i>reflected</i>, much I
mourned.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cast reproach; to cause censure or
dishonor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Errors of wives <i>reflect</i> on husbands
still.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither do I <i>reflect</i> in the least upon the
memory of his late majesty.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To consider; think; cogitate; mediate; contemplate;
ponder; muse; ruminate.</p>

<p><hw>Re*flect"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Thrown back after striking a surface; as, <i>reflected</i> light,
heat, sound, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Not one's own; received from
another; as, his glory was <i>reflected</i> glory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bent backward or outward;
reflexed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*flect"ent</hw> (r?*fl?kt"<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>reflectens</i>, p. pr. of <i>reflectere</i>. See
<u>Reflect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bending or flying back;
reflected.</def> "The ray descendent, and the ray <i>reflectent</i>
flying with so great a speed."  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reflecting; as, a <i>reflectent</i>
body.</def>  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*flect"i*ble</hw> (-?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being reflected, or thrown back; reflexible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*flect"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Throwing back light, heat, etc., as a mirror or other
surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to reflection or serious
consideration; reflective; contemplative; as, a <i>reflecting</i>
mind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reflecting circle</b></col>, <cd>an astronomical instrument
for measuring angless, like the sextant or Hadley's quadrant, by the
reflection of light from two plane mirrors which it carries, and
differing from the sextant chiefly in having an entire circle.</cd> --
<col><b>Reflecting galvanometer</b></col>, <cd>a galvanometer in which
the deflections of the needle are read by means of a mirror attached
to it, which reflects a ray of light or the image of a scale; --
called also <i>mirror galvanometer</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Reflecting
goniometer</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Goniometer</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Reflecting telescope</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Telescope</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*flect"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
reflection; also, with censure; reproachfully.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*flec"tion</hw> (r?*fl?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reflexio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;flexion</i>. See <u>Riflect</u>.]
[Written also <i>reflexion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
reflecting, or turning or sending back, or the state of being
reflected.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The return of
rays, beams, sound, or the like, from a surface. See <i>Angle of
reflection</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The eye sees not itself,<BR>
But by <i>reflection</i>, by some other things.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The reverting of the mind to that which
has already occupied it; continued consideration; meditation;
contemplation; hence, also, that operation or power of the mind by
which it is conscious of its own acts or states; the capacity for
judging rationally, especially in view of a moral rule or
standard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>reflection</i>, . . . I would be understood to
mean, that notice which the mind takes of its own operations, and the
manner of them, by reason whereof there come to be ideas of these
operations in the understanding.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This delight grows and improves under thought and
<i>reflection</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shining; brightness, as of the sun.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is produced by reflection.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An image given back from a
reflecting surface; a reflected counterpart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the sun water we can bear,<BR>
Yet not the sun, but his <i>reflection</i>, there.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A part reflected, or turned back, at an
angle; as, the <i>reflection</i> of a membrane.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Result of meditation; thought or opinion
after attentive consideration or contemplation; especially, thoughts
suggested by truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Job's <i>reflections</i> on his once flourishing estate
did at the same time afflict and encourage him.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Censure; reproach cast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He died; and oh! may no <i>reflection</i> shed<BR>
Its poisonous venom on the royal dead.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The transference of an
excitement from one nerve fiber to another by means of the nerve
cells, as in reflex action. See <i>Reflex action</i>, under
<u>Reflex</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angle of reflection</b></col>, <cd>the angle which
anything, as a ray of light, on leaving a reflecting surface, makes
with the perpendicular to the surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Angle of total
reflection</b></col>. <i>(Opt.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Critical angle</i>,
under <u>Critical</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Meditation; contemplation; rumination; cogitation;
consideration; musing; thinking.</p>

<p><hw>Re*flect"ive</hw> (r?*fl?kt"?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;flectif</i>.  Cf. <u>Reflexive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Throwing back images; as, a <i>reflective</i> mirror.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>reflective</i> stream the sighing bride,
viewing her charms.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of exercising thought or judgment;
as, <i>reflective</i> reason.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His perceptive and <i>reflective</i> faculties . . .
thus acquired a precocious and extraordinary development.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Addicted to introspective or meditative
habits; as, a <i>reflective</i> person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Reflexive;
reciprocal.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*flect"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*flect"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
"<i>Reflectiveness</i> of manner."  <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*flect"or</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;flecteur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that
which, reflects.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Something having a polished surface for reflecting light or heat,
as a mirror, a speculum, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
reflecting telescope.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A device for
reflecting sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"flex</hw> (r?"fl?ks), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reflexus</i>, p. p. of <i>reflectere</i>: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;flexe</i>. See <u>Reflect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Directed back; attended by reflection; retroactive;
introspective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>reflex</i> act of the soul, or the turning of
the intellectual eye inward upon its own actions.</blockquote> <i>Sir
M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Produced in reaction, in resistance, or in
return.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
produced by, stimulus or excitation without the necessary intervention
of consciousness.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reflex action</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>any action
performed involuntarily in consequence of an impulse or impression
transmitted along afferent nerves to a nerve center, from which it is
reflected to an efferent nerve, and so calls into action certain
muscles, organs, or cells.</cd> -- <col><b>Reflex nerve</b></col>
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>an excito-motory nerve. See <u>Exito-
motory</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re"flex</hw> (r?"fl?ks; <i>formerly</i> r?*fl?ks"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>reflexus</i> a bending back. See
<u>Reflect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Reflection; the light
reflected from an illuminated surface to one in shade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yon gray is not the morning's eye,<BR>
'Tis but the pale <i>reflex</i> of Cynthia's brow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the depths of death there swims<BR>
The <i>reflex</i> of a human face.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An involuntary movement
produced by reflex action.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Patellar reflex</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Knee jerk</i>, under
<u>Knee</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*flex"</hw> (r?*fl?ks"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reflexus</i>, p. p. of <i>reflectere</i>. See <u>Reflect</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reflect.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bend back; to turn back.</def>  <i>J.
Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*flexed"</hw> (r?*fl?kst"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bent
backward or outward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*flex`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (r?*fl?ks`?*b?l"?*t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;flexibilit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The quality or capability of being reflexible; as, the
<i>reflexibility</i> of the rays of light.</def>  <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*flex"i*ble</hw> (r?*fl?ks"?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF.
F. <i>r&eacute;flexible</i>.] <def>Capable of being reflected, or
thrown back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The light of the sun consists of rays differently
refrangible and <i>reflexible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*flex"ion</hw> (-fl?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Reflection</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*flex"i*ty</hw> (r?*fl?ks"?*t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state or condition of being reflected.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*flex"ive</hw> (-?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;flexif</i>.] <def>Bending or turned backward;
reflective; having respect to something past.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Assurance <i>reflexive</i> can not be a divine
faith.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Implying censure.</def> [Obs.] "What man
does not resent an ugly <i>reflexive</i> word?"  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Having for its direct object
a pronoun which refers to the agent or subject as its antecedent; --
said of certain verbs; as, the witness <i>perjured</i> himself; I
<i>bethought</i> myself. Applied also to pronouns of this class;
reciprocal; reflective.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*flex"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*flex"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*flex"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a reflex
manner; reflectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"float</hw> (r?"fl?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Reflux;
ebb.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`flo*res"cence</hw> (r?`fl?*r?s"s<i>e</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A blossoming anew of a plant
after it has apparently ceased blossoming for the season.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*flour"ish</hw> (r?*fl?r"?sh), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To flourish again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*flow"</hw> (r?*fl?"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flow
back; to ebb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*flow"er</hw> (r&emacr;*flou"&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. i. &
t.</i></pos> <def>To flower, or cause to flower, again.</def>
<i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fluc`tu*a"tion</hw> (r?*fl?k`t?*?"sh?n; 135),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flowing back; refluence.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ref"lu*ence</hw> (r?f"l?-<i>e</i>ns), <hw>Ref"lu*en*cy</hw>
(-<i>e</i>n*s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
refluent; a flowing back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ref"lu*ent</hw> (-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refluens</i>, p. pr. of <i>refluere</i> to flow back; pref. <i>re-
</i> re- + <i>fluere</i> to flow. See <u>Flurent</u>.] <def>Flowing
back; returning; ebbing.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>refluent</i> through the pass of fear<BR>
The battle's tide was poured.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ref"lu*eus</hw> (-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refluus</i>.] <def>Refluent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re"flux`</hw> (r?"fl?ks`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Returning,
or flowing back; reflex; as, <i>reflux</i> action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"flux`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>reflux</i>. See
<u>Refluent</u>, <u>Flux</u>.] <def>A flowing back, as the return of a
fluid; ebb; reaction; as, the flux and <i>reflux</i> of the
tides.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All from me<BR>
Shall with a fierce <i>reflux</i> on me redound.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*foc"il*late</hw> (r?*f?s"?l*l?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[L. <i>refocillatus</i>, p. p. of <i>refocillare</i>; pref. <i>re-</i>
re- + <i>focillare</i> to revive by warmth.] <def>To refresh; to
revive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Aubrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*foc`il*la"tion</hw> (-l?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Restoration of strength by refreshment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Middleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fold"</hw> (r?*f?ld"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fold
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`fo*ment"</hw> (r?`f?*m<i>?</i>nt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To foment anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*for`est*i*za`tion</hw> (r?*f?r`?st*?*z?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
reforestizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*for"est*ize</hw> (r?*f?r"?st*?z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To convert again into a forest; to plant again with
trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*forge"</hw> (r?*f?rj"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>forge</i>: cf. F. <i>reforger</i>.] <def>To forge
again or anew; hence, to fashion or fabricate anew; to make
over.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*for"ger</hw> (r?*f?r"j?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
reforges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*form"</hw> (r?*f?rm"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;former</i>, L. <i>reformare</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>formare</i> to form, from <i>forma</i> form. See <u>Form</u>.]
<def>To put into a new and improved form or condition; to restore to a
former good state, or bring from bad to good; to change from worse to
better; to amend; to correct; as, to <i>reform</i> a profligate man;
to <i>reform</i> corrupt manners or morals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The example alone of a vicious prince will corrupt an
age; but that of a good one will not <i>reform</i> it.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To amend; correct; emend; rectify; mend; repair;
better; improve; restore; reclaim.</p>

<p><hw>Re*form"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To return to a good
state; to amend or correct one's own character or habits; as, a man of
settled habits of vice will seldom <i>reform</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*form"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;forme</i>.]
<def>Amendment of what is defective, vicious, corrupt, or depraved;
reformation; as, <i>reform</i> of elections; <i>reform</i> of
government.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Civil service reform</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Civil</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Reform acts</b></col> <i>(Eng.
Politics)</i>, <cd>acts of Parliament passed in 1832, 1867, 1884,
1885, extending and equalizing popular representation in
Parliament.</cd> -- <col><b>Reform school</b></col>, <cd>a school
established by a state or city government, for the confinement,
instruction, and reformation of juvenile offenders, and of young
persons of idle, vicious, and vagrant habits.</cd> [U. S.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reformation; amendment; rectification; correction.
See <u>Reformation</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re-form"</hw> (r?*f?rm"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Re-formed</u> (-f?rmd"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Re-forming</u>.] <def>To give a new form to;
to form anew; to take form again, or to take a new form; as, to <i>re-
form</i> the line after a charge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*form"a*ble</hw> (r?*f?rm"?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being reformed.</def>  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ref`or*made"</hw> (r?f`?r*m?d"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
reformado.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ref`or*ma"do</hw> (-m?"d?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr.
<i>reformar</i>, L. <i>reformare</i>. SEe <u>Reform</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A monk of a reformed
order.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Weever.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An officer who, in disgrace, is deprived of
his command, but retains his rank, and sometimes his pay.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*form"al*ize</hw> (r?*f?rm"<i>a</i>l*?z), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To affect reformation; to pretend to
correctness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ref`or*ma"tion</hw> (r?f`?r*m?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;formation</i>, L. <i>reformatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of reforming, or the state of being reformed; change from
worse to better; correction or amendment of life, manners, or of
anything vicious or corrupt; as, the <i>reformation</i> of manners;
<i>reformation</i> of the age; <i>reformation</i> of abuses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Satire lashes vice into
<i>reformation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1208 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>, the
important religious movement commenced by Luther early in the
sixteenth century, which resulted in the formation of the various
Protestant churches.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reform; amendment; correction; rectification.  --
<u>Reformation</u>, <u>Reform</u>. <i>Reformation</i> is a more
thorough and comprehensive change than <i>reform</i>. It is applied to
subjects that are more important, and results in changes which are
more lasting. A <i>reformation</i> involves, and is followed by, many
particular <i>reforms</i>. "The pagan converts mention this great
<i>reformation</i> of those who had been the greatest sinners, with
that sudden and surprising change which the Christian religion made in
the lives of the most profligate." <i>Addison.</i> "A variety of
schemes, founded in visionary and impracticable ideas of
<i>reform</i>, were suddenly produced." <i>Pitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`-for*ma"tion</hw> (r?`f?r*m?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of forming anew; a second forming in order; as, the
<i>reformation</i> of a column of troops into a hollow
square.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*form"a*tive</hw> (r?*f?rm"?*t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Forming again; having the quality of renewing form;
reformatory.</def>  <i>Good.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*form"a*to*ry</hw> (-t?*r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tending to produce reformation; reformative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*form"a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (-r&?;z). <def>An institution for promoting
the reformation of offenders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Magistrates may send juvenile offenders to
<i>reformatories</i> instead of to prisons.</blockquote> <i>Eng.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*formed"</hw> (r?*f?rmd"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Corrected; amended; restored to purity or
excellence; said, specifically, of the whole body of Protestant
churches originating in the Reformation. Also, in a more restricted
sense, of those who separated from Luther on the doctrine of
consubstantiation, etc., and carried the Reformation, as they claimed,
to a higher point. The Protestant churches founded by them in
Switzerland, France, Holland, and part of Germany, were called the
<i>Reformed churches</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The town was one of the strongholds of the
<i>Reformed</i> faith.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Amended in character and life; as, a
<i>reformed</i> gambler or drunkard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Retained in service on half
or full pay after the disbandment of the company or troop; -- said of
an officer.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*form"er</hw> (r?*f?rm"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who effects a reformation or amendment;
one who labors for, or urges, reform; as, a <i>reformer</i> of
manners, or of abuses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.Hist.)</i> <def>One of those who
commenced the reformation of religion in the sixteenth century, as
Luther, Melanchthon, Zwingli, and Calvin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*form"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;formiste</i>.] <def>A reformer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*form"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of a
reform; for the purpose of reform.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*for`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (r?*f?r`t?*f?*k?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fortifying anew, or a second time.</def>
<i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*for"ti*fy</hw> (r?*f?r"t?*f?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To fortify anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fos"sion</hw> (r?*f?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refodere</i>, <i>refossum</i>, to dig up again. See <u>Fosse</u>.]
<def>The act of digging up again.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*found"</hw> (r?*found"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>found</i> to cast; cf. F. <i>refondare</i>.  Cf.
<u>Refund</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To found or cast anew.</def>
"Ancient bells <i>refounded</i>."  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To found or establish again; to
re&?;stablish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*found"</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Refind</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Re*found"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
refounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fract"</hw> (r?*fr$kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Refracted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Refracting</u>.] [L. <i>refractus</i>, p. p. of
<i>refringere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>frangere</i> to break:
cf. F. <i>r&eacute;fracter</i>. SEe <u>FRacture</u>, and cf.
<u>Refrain</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bend
sharply and abruptly back; to break off.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break the natural course of, as rays of
light orr heat, when passing from one transparent medium to another of
different density; to cause to deviate from a direct course by an
action distinct from reflection; as, a dense medium <i>refrcts</i> the
rays of light as they pass into it from a rare medium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fract"a*ble</hw> (-?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being refracted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fract"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bent backward angularly, as if half-
broken; as, a <i>refracted</i> stem or leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Turned from a direct course by refraction;
as, <i>refracted</i> rays of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fract"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving or tending
to refract; as, a <i>refracting</i> medium.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Refracting angle of a prism</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>,
<cd>the angle of a triangular prism included between the two sides
through which the refracted beam passes in the decomposition of
light.</cd> -- <col><b>Refracting telescope</b></col>. <i>(Opt.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Telescope</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*frac"tion</hw> (r?*fr?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;fraction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
refracting, or the state of being refracted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The change in the direction of ray of
light, heat, or the like, when it enters obliquely a medium of a
different density from that through which it has previously
moved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Refraction</i> out of the rarer medium into the
denser, is made towards the perpendicular.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
change in the direction of a ray of light, and, consequently, in the
apparent position of a heavenly body from which it emanates, arising
from its passage through the earth's atmosphere; -- hence
distinguished as atmospheric refraction, or astronomical
refraction.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The correction which is to
be deducted from the apparent altitude of a heavenly body on account
of atmospheric refraction, in order to obtain the true
altitude.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angle of refraction</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the angle
which a refracted ray makes with the perpendicular to the surface
separating the two media traversed by the ray.</cd> -- <col><b>Conical
refraction</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the refraction of a ray of
light into an infinite number of rays, forming a hollow cone. This
occurs when a ray of light is passed through crystals of some
substances, under certain circumstances. Conical refraction is of two
kinds; <i>external conical refraction</i>, in which the ray issues
from the crystal in the form of a cone, the vertex of which is at the
point of emergence; and <i>internal conical refraction</i>, in which
the ray is changed into the form of a cone on entering the crystal,
from which it issues in the form of a hollow cylinder. This singular
phenomenon was first discovered by Sir W. R. Hamilton by mathematical
reasoning alone, unaided by experiment.</cd> -- <col><b>Differential
refraction</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the change of the apparent
place of one object relative to a second object near it, due to
refraction; also, the correction required to be made to the observed
relative places of the two bodies.</cd> -- <col><b>Double
refraction</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the refraction of light in two
directions, which produces two distinct images. The power of double
refraction is possessed by all crystals except those of the isometric
system. A uniaxial crystal is said to be <i>optically positive</i>
(like quartz), or <i>optically negative</i> (like calcite), or to have
<i>positive</i>, or <i>negative</i>, <i>double refraction</i>,
according as the optic axis is the axis of least or greatest
elasticity for light; a biaxial crystal is similarly designated when
the same relation holds for the acute bisectrix.</cd> -- <col><b>Index
of refraction</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Index</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Refraction circle</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>an instrument
provided with a graduated circle for the measurement of
refraction.</cd> -- <col><b>Refraction of latitude</b></col>,
<col><b>longitude</b></col>, <col><b>declination</b></col>,
<col><b>right ascension</b></col>, <cd>etc., the change in the
apparent latitude, longitude, etc., of a heavenly body, due to the
effect of atmospheric refraction.</cd> -- <col><b>Terrestrial
refraction</b></col>, <cd>the change in the apparent altitude of a
distant point on or near the earth's surface, as the top of a
mountain, arising from the passage of light from it to the eye through
atmospheric strata of varying density.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*fract"ive</hw> (r?*fr?kt"?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;fractif</i>. See <u>Refract</u>.] <def>Serving or having
power to refract, or turn from a direct course; pertaining to
refraction; as, <i>refractive</i> surfaces; <i>refractive</i>
powers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Refractive index</b></col>. <i>(Opt.)</i> <cd>See <i>Index
of refraction</i>, under <u>Index</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Absolute
refractive index</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the index of refraction
of a substances when the ray passes into it from a vacuum.</cd> --
<col><b>Relative refractive index</b></col> (of two media)
<i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to
the sine of the angle of refraction for a ray passing out of one of
the media into the other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*fract"ive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or condition of being refractive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`frac*tom"e*ter</hw> (r?`fr?k*t?m"?*t?r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Refraction</i> + <i>-meter</i>.]
<i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A contrivance for exhibiting and measuring the
refraction of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fract"or</hw> (r&?;-fr&?;kt"&?;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Anything that refracts</def>; specifically: <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A
refracting telescope, in which the image to be viewed is formed by the
refraction of light in passing through a convex lens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*frac"to*ri*ly</hw> (r?*fr?k"t?*r?*l?),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a refractory manner; perversely;
obstinately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*frac"to*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or condition of being refractory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*frac"to*ry</hw> (-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refractorius</i>, fr. <i>refringere</i>: cf.  F.
<i>refractaire</i>. See <u>Refract</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Obstinate in disobedience; contumacious; stubborn; unmanageable;
as, a <i>refractory</i> child; a <i>refractory</i> beast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Raging appetites that are<BR>
Most disobedient and <i>refractory</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resisting ordinary treatment; difficult of
fusion, reduction, or the like; -- said especially of metals and the
like, which do not readily yield to heat, or to the hammer; as, a
<i>refractory</i> ore.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Perverse; contumacious; unruly; stubborn; obstinate;
unyielding; ungovernable; unmanageable.</p>

<p><hw>Re*frac"to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A refractory person.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Refractoriness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
TAylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>O<i>Pottery</i>) A piece of ware covered
with a vaporable flux and placed in a kiln, to communicate a glaze to
the other articles.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*frac"ture</hw> (r?*fr?k"t?r;135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A second breaking (as of a badly set bone) by the
surgeon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*frac"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>To break again, as a bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ref"ra*ga*ble</hw> (r?f"r?*g?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>refragabilis</i>, fr. L.  <i>refragari</i> to oppose.] <def>Capable
of being refuted; refutable.</def> [R.] --
<wf>Ref"ra*ga*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.] --
<wf>Ref`ra*ga*bil"i*ty</wf> (-b&?;l`&?;*t&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ref"ra*gate</hw> (-g?t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refragatus</i>, p. p. of <i>refragor</i>.] <def>To oppose.</def>
[R.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*frain"</hw> (r?*fr?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Refrained</u> (-fr?nd"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb/ n.</i></pos> <u>Refraining</u>.] [OE. <i>refreinen</i>, OF.
<i>refrener</i>, F. <i>refr&?;ner</i>, fr. L. <i>refrenare</i>;
influenced by OF. <i>refraindre</i> to restrain, moderate, fr. LL.
<i>refrangere</i>, for L. <i>refringere</i> to break up, break (see
<u>Refract</u>). L. <i>refrenare</i> is fr. pref. <i>re-</i> back +
<i>frenum</i> bridle; cf. Skr. <i>dh&?;</i> to hold.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hold back; to restrain; to keep within
prescribed bounds; to curb; to govern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His reson <i>refraineth</i> not his foul delight or
talent.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Refrain</i> thy foot from their path.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. i. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To abstain from</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who, requiring a remedy for his gout, received no other
counsel than to <i>refrain</i> cold drink.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*frain"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To keep one's self
from action or interference; to hold aloof; to forbear; to
abstain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Refrain</i> from these men, and let them
alone.</blockquote> <i>Acts v. 38.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>refrained</i> therefrom [eating flesh] some
time after.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hold back; forbear; abstain; withhold.</p>

<p><hw>Re*frain"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>refrain</i>, fr.
OF. <i>refraindre</i>; cf. Pr. <i>refranhs</i> a refrain,
<i>refranher</i> to repeat. See <u>Refract</u>,<u>Refrain</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>The burden of a song; a phrase or verse
which recurs at the end of each of the separate stanzas or divisions
of a poetic composition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We hear the wild <i>refrain</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*frain"er</hw> (r?*fr?n"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who refrains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*frain"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Act of refraining.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*frame"</hw> (r?*fr?m), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To frame
again or anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fran`gi*bil"i*ty</hw> (r?*fr?n`j?*b?l"?*t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;frangibilit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The quality of being refrangible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fran"gi*ble</hw> (-fr?n"j?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>r&eacute;frangible</i>. See <u>Refract</u>.] <def>Capable of
being refracted, or turned out of a direct course, in passing from one
medium to another, as rays of light.</def> --
<wf>Re*fran"gi*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ref`re*na"tion</hw> (r?f`r?*n?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refrenatio</i>. See <u>Refrain</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>The act of refraining.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*fresh"</hw> (r?*fr?sh"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Refreshed</u> (-fr?sht");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Refreshing</u>.] [OE.
<i>refreshen</i>, <i>refreschen</i>, OF. <i>refreschir</i> (cf. OF.
<i>rafraischir</i>, <i>rafreschir</i>, F.  <i>rafra&?;chir</i>); pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>fres</i> fresh. F. <i>frais</i>. See <u>Fresh</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make fresh again; to
restore strength, spirit, animation, or the like, to; to relieve from
fatigue or depression; to reinvigorate; to enliven anew; to reanimate;
as, sleep <i>refreshes</i> the body and the mind.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Foer they have <i>refreshed</i> my spirit and
yours.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xvi. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And labor shall <i>refresh</i> itself with
hope.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make as if new; to repair; to
restore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rest <i>refresh</i> the scaly snakes that
fol&?;<BR>
The shield of Pallas, and renew their gold.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To refresh the memory</b></col>, <cd>to quicken or
strengthen it, as by a reference, review, memorandum, or
suggestion.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To cool; refrigerate; invigorate; revive; reanimate;
renovate; renew; restore; recreate; enliven; cheer.</p>

<p><hw>Re*fresh"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
refreshing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fresh"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, refreshes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An extra fee paid to counsel
in a case that has been adjourned from one term to another, or that is
unusually protracted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ten guineas a day is the highest <i>refresher</i> which
a counsel can charge.</blockquote> <i>London Truth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fresh"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
power to refresh; refreshing.</def> -- <wf>Re*fresh"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*fresh"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reviving;
reanimating.</def> -- <wf>Re*fresh"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Re*fresh"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*fresh"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF.
OF. <i>refreschissement</i>, F. <i>rafra&icirc;chissement</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of refreshing, or the state of being
refreshed; restoration of strength, spirit, vigor, or liveliness;
relief after suffering; new life or animation after
depression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which refreshes; means of restoration
or reanimation; especially, an article of food or drink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fret"</hw> (r?*fr?t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>refret</i>, L. <i>refractus</i>, p. p. See <u>Refrain</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Refract</u>.] <def>Refrain.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*freyd"</hw> (r?*fr?d"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>refreidier</i>.] <def>To chill; to cool.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Refreyded</i> by sickness . . . or by cold
drinks.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ref`ri*ca"tion</hw> (r?f`r?*k?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refricare</i> to rub again.] <def>A rubbing up afresh; a
brightening.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A continual <i>refrication</i> of the
memory.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*frig"er*ant</hw> (r?*fr?j"?r-<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>refrigerans</i>, p. pr. of
<i>refrigerare</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;frig&eacute;rant</i>. See
<u>Refrigerate</u>.] <def>Cooling; allaying heat or fever.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*frig"er*ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which makes
to be cool or cold; specifically, a medicine or an application for
allaying fever, or the symptoms of fever; -- used also
figuratively.</def> <i>Holland.</i> "A <i>refrigerant</i> to passion."
<i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*frig"er*ate</hw> (-&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Refrigerated</u> (-
&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Refrigerating</u>.] [L. <i>refrigeratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>refrigerare</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>frigerare</i> to make
cool, fr. <i>frigus</i>, <i>frigoris</i>, coolness. See
<u>Frigid</u>.] <def>To cause to become cool; to make or keep cold or
cool.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*frig`er*a"tion</hw> (-?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;frig&eacute;ration</i>, L.  <i>refrigeratio</i>.] <def>The
act or process of refrigerating or cooling, or the state of being
cooled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*frig"er*a*tive</hw> (r?*fr?j"?r*?*t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;frig&eacute;ratif</i>.] <def>Cooling; allaying
heat.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A refrigerant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Crazed brains should come under a <i>refrigerative</i>
treatment.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*frig"er*a`tor</hw> (-?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which refrigerates or makes cold; that which keeps cool.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A box or room for keeping food
or other articles cool, usually by means of ice.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An apparatus for rapidly cooling heated
liquids or vapors, connected with a still, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Refrigerator car</b></col> <i>(Railroad)</i>, <cd>a freight
car constructed as a refrigerator, for the transportation of fresh
meats, fish, etc., in a temperature kept cool by ice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*frig"er*a*to*ry</hw> (-?*t?*r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refrigeratorius</i>.] <def>Mitigating heat; cooling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*frig"er*a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (-fr&?;z). [CF. F.
<i>r&eacute;frig&eacute;ratoire</i>.] <def>That which refrigerates or
cools.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In distillation, a
vessel filled with cold water, surrounding the worm, the vapor in
which is thereby condensed.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
chamber, or tank, in which ice is formed, in an ice machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ref`ri*ge"ri*um</hw> (r?f`r?*j?"r?*?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L.] <def>Cooling refreshment; refrigeration.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*frin"gen*cy</hw> (r?*fr?n"j<i>e</i>n*s?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The power possessed by a substance to
refract a ray; as, different substances have different
<i>refringencies</i>.</def>  <i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*frin"gent</hw> (-j<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refringens</i>, p. pr. of <i>refringere</i>. See <u>Refract</u>.]
<def>Pertaining to, or possessing, refringency; refractive;
refracting; as, a <i>refringent</i> prism of spar.</def>
<i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reft</hw> (r?ft), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Reave</u>. <def>Bereft.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reft</i> of thy sons, amid thy foes
forlorn.</blockquote> <i>Heber.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reft</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chink; a rift. See
<u>Rift</u>.</def>  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ref"uge</hw> (r?f"?j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;fuge</i>, L. <i>refugium</i>, fr. <i>refugere</i> to flee
back; pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>figere</i>. SEe <u>Fugitive</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shelter or protection from danger or
distress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rocks, dens, and caves! But I in none of these<BR>
Find place or <i>refuge</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We might have a strong consolation, who have fled for
<i>refuge</i> to lay hold upon the hope set before us.</blockquote>
<i>Heb. vi. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which shelters or protects from
danger, or from distress or calamity; a stronghold which protects by
its strength, or a sanctuary which secures safety by its sacredness; a
place inaccessible to an enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The high hills are a <i>refuge</i>r the wild
goats.</blockquote> <i>Ps. civ. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord also will be a <i>refuge</i> for the
oppressed.</blockquote> <i>Ps. ix. 9.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1209 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An expedient to secure protection or
defense; a device or contrivance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their latest <i>refuge</i><BR>
Was to send him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Light must be supplied, among graceful<i>refuges</i>,
by terracing &?;&?;&?; story in danger of darkness.</blockquote>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cities of refuge</b></col> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i>,
<cd>certain cities appointed as places of safe refuge for persons who
had committed homicide without design. Of these there were three on
each side of Jordan.</cd> <i>Josh. xx.</i> -- <col><b>House of
refuge</b></col>, <cd>a charitable institution for giving shelter and
protection to the homeless, destitute, or tempted.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Shelter; asylum; retreat; covert.</p>

<p><hw>Ref"uge</hw> (r?f"?j), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shelter;
to protect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ref`u*gee"</hw> (r?f`?*j?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;fugi&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>se r&eacute;fugier</i> to take
refuge. See <u>Refuge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who flees to a shelter, or place of safety.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, one who, in times of
persecution or political commotion, flees to a foreign power or
country for safety; as, the French <i>refugees</i> who left France
after the revocation of the edict of Nantes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*ful"gence</hw> (r?*f?l"j<i>e</i>ns),
<hw>Re*ful"gen*cy</hw> (-j<i>e</i>n*s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refulgentia</i>. See <u>Refulgent</u>.] <def>The quality of being
refulgent; brilliancy; splender; radiance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ful"gent</hw> (r?*f?l"j<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refulgens</i>, p. pr. of <i>refulgere</i> to flash back, to shine
bright; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>fulgere</i> to shine. See
<u>Fulgent</u>.] <def>Casting a bright light; radiant; brilliant;
resplendent; shining; splendid; as, <i>refulgent</i> beams.</def> --
<wf>Re*ful"gent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>So conspicuous and <i>refulgent</i> a
truth.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fund"</hw> (r?*f?nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-
</i> + <i>fund</i>.] <def>To fund again or anew; to replace (a fund or
loan) by a new fund; as, to <i>refund</i> a railroad loan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fund"</hw> (r?*f?nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refundere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>fundere</i> to pour: cf.
F. <i>refondre</i>, <i>refonder</i>. See <u>Fuse</u> to melt, and cf.
<u>Refound</u> to cast again, 1st <u>Refuse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pour back.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Were the humors of the eye tinctured with any color,
they would <i>refund</i> that color upon the object.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give back; to repay; to
restore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A governor, that had pillaged the people, was . . .
sentenced to <i>refund</i> what he had wrongfully taken.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To supply again with funds; to
reimburse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*fund"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
refunds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fund"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of refunding; also, that which is refunded.</def> [R.]
<i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fur"bish</hw> (r?*f?r"b?sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
furbish anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fur"nish</hw> (-n?sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
furnish again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fur"nish*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of refurnishing, or state of being refurnished.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>refurnishment</i> was in a style richer than
before.</blockquote> <i>L. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fus"a*ble</hw> (r?*f?z"?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>refusable</i>. See <u>Refuse</u>.] <def>Capable of being refused;
admitting of refusal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fus"al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of refusing; denial of anything
demanded, solicited, or offered for acceptance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do they not seek occasion of new quarrels,<BR>
On my <i>refusal</i>, to distress me more?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The right of taking in preference to
others; the choice of taking or refusing; option; as, to give one the
<i>refusal</i> of a farm; to have the <i>refusal</i> of an
employment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fuse"</hw> (r?*f?z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Refused</u> (-f?zd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Refusing</u>.] [F. <i>refuser</i>, either from
(assumed) LL. <i>refusare</i> to refuse, v. freq. of L.
<i>refundere</i> to pour back, give back, restore (see <u>Refund</u>
to repay), or. fr. L. <i>recusare</i> to decline, refuse cf.
<u>Accuse</u>, <u>Ruse</u>), influenced by L. <i>refutare</i> to drive
back, repel, refute.  Cf. <u>Refute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
deny, as a request, demand, invitation, or command; to decline to do
or grant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That never yet <i>refused</i> your hest.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To throw back, or cause to
keep back (as the center, a wing, or a flank), out of the regular
aligment when troops ar&?; about to engage the enemy; as, to
<i>refuse</i> the right wing while the left wing attacks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To decline to accept; to reject; to deny
the request or petition of; as, to <i>refuse</i> a suitor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cunning workman never doth <i>refuse</i><BR>
The meanest tool that he may chance to use.</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To disown.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Refuse</i> thy
name."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fuse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To deny compliance;
not to comply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too proud to ask, too humble to
<i>refuse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If ye <i>refuse</i> . . . ye shall be devoured with the
sword.</blockquote> <i>Isa. i. 20.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fuse"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Refusal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ref`use</hw> (r?f"?s;277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>refus</i> refusal, also, that which is refused. See <u>Refuse</u>
to deny.] <def>That which is refused or rejected as useless; waste or
worthless matter.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dregs; sediment; scum; recrement; dross.</p>

<p><hw>Ref"use</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Refused; rejected;
hence; left as unworthy of acceptance; of no value;
worthless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Everything that was vile and <i>refuse</i>, that they
destroyed utterly.</blockquote> <i>1. Sam. xv. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fus"er</hw> (r?*f?z"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
refuses or rejects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fu"sion</hw> (r?*f?"zh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-+ fusion</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>New or repeated melting, as of
metals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Restoration.</def> "This doctrine of the
<i>refusion</i> of the soul."  <i>Bp. Warbuton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ref"ut</hw> (r&ebreve;f"&usdot;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>refuite</i>.] <def>Refuge.</def> "Thou haven of <i>refut</i>."
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fut`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (r?*f?t`?*b?l"?*t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being refutable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fut"a*ble</hw> (r?*f?t"?*b'l;277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>r&eacute;futable</i>.] <def>Admitting of being refuted or
disproved; capable of being proved false or erroneous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fut"al</hw> (r?*f?t"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Act of refuting; refutation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ref`u*ta"tion</hw> (r?f`?*t?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refutatio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;futation</i>.] <def>The act or
process of refuting or disproving, or the state of being refuted;
proof of falsehood or error; the overthrowing of an argument, opinion,
testimony, doctrine, or theory, by argument or countervailing
proof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Same of his blunders seem rather to deserve a flogging
than a <i>refutation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*fut"a*to*ry</hw> (r?*f?t"?*t?*r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>refutatorius</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;futatoire</i>.] <def>Tending
tu refute; refuting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*fute"</hw> (r?*F3t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Refuted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Refuting</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;futer</i>, L. <i>refuteare</i> to
repel, refute.  Cf. <u>Confute</u>, <u>Refuse</u> to deny.] <def>To
disprove and overthrow by argument, evidence, or countervailing proof;
to prove to be false or erroneous; to confute; as, to <i>refute</i>
arguments; to <i>refute</i> testimony; to <i>refute</i> opinions or
theories; to <i>refute</i> a disputant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There were so many witnesses in these two miracles that
it is impossible to <i>refute</i> such multitudes.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To confute; disprove. See <u>Confute</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*fut"er</hw> (-f?t"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, refutes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gain"</hw> (r?*g?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-
</i> + <i>gain</i>: cf. F. <i>regagner</i>.] <def>To gain anew; to get
again; to recover, as what has escaped or been lost; to reach
again.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To recover; reobtain; repossess; retrieve.</p>

<p><hw>Re"gal</hw> (r?"g<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regalis</i>, fr. <i>rex</i>, <i>regis</i>, a king. See
<u>Royal</u>, and cf. <u>Rajah</u>, <u>Realm</u>, <u>Regalia</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a king; kingly; royal; as, <i>regal</i>
authority, pomp, or sway.</def> "The <i>regal</i> title."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He made a scorn of his <i>regal</i> oath.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Kingly; royal. See <u>Kingly</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re"gal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;gale</i>, It.
<i>regale</i>. CF. <u>Rigoll</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small portable
organ, played with one hand, the bellows being worked with the other,
-- used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*ga"le</hw> (r?*g?"l?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>regale</i>, pl. <i>regalia</i>, fr. L. <i>regalis</i>: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;gale</i>. See <u>Regal</u>.] <def>A prerogative of
royalty.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gale"</hw> (r?*g?l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Regaled</u> (-g?ld"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Regaling</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;galer</i>, Sp.
<i>regalar</i> to regale, to caress, to melt, perhaps fr. L.
<i>regalare</i> to thaw (cff. <u>Gelatin</u>), or cf. Sp. <i>gala</i>
graceful, pleasing address, choicest part of a thing (cf.
<u>Gala</u>), or most likely from OF. <i>galer</i> to rejoice,
<i>gale</i> pleasure.] <def>To enerta&?;n in a regal or sumptuous
manner; to enrtertain with something that delights; to gratify; to
refresh; as, to <i>regale</i> the taste, the eye, or the
ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gale"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To feast; t&?; fare
sumtuously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gale"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;gal</i>.
See <u>Regale</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A sumptuous repast; a
banquet.</def>  <i>Johnson. Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two baked custards were produced as additions to the
<i>regale</i>.</blockquote> <i>E. E. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gale"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of regaling; anything which regales; refreshment;
entertainment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gal"er</hw> (-g?l"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
regales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ga"li*a</hw> (r?*g?"l?*?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [LL.,
from L. <i>regalis</i>regal. See <u>Regal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which belongs to royalty. Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
The rights and prerogatives of a king. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Royal
estates and revenues. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> Ensings, symbols, or
paraphernalia of royalty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, decorations or insignia of an office
or order, as of Freemasons, Odd Fellows,etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sumptuous food; delicacies.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Regalia of a church</b></col>, <cd>the privileges granted
to it by kings; sometimes, its patrimony.</cd>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ga"li*a</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of cigar of
large size and superior quality; also, the size in which such cigars
are classed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ga"li*an</hw> (-<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to regalia; pertaining to the royal insignia or
prerogatives.</def>  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"gal*ism</hw> (r?"g<i>a</i>l*?z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The doctrine of royal prerogative or supremacy.</def> [R.]
<i>Cardinal Manning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gal"i*ty</hw> (r?*g?l"?*t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>regalitas</i>, from L. <i>regalis</i> regal, royal. See
<u>Regal</u>, and cf. <u>Royality</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Royalty; sovereignty; sovereign
jurisdiction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Passion] robs reason of her due
<i>regalitie</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He came partly in by the sword, and had high courage in
all points of <i>regality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ensign or badge of royalty.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re"gal*ly</hw> (r?"g<i>a</i>l*l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a regal or royal manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gard"</hw> (r?*g?rd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Regarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Regarding</u>.] [F. <i>regarder</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re +
<i>garder</i> to guard, heed, keep. See <u>Guard</u>, and cf.
<u>Reward</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep in view; to behold; to
look at; to view; to gaze upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your niece <i>regards</i> me with an eye of
favor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to look or front toward; to
face.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is peninsula which <i>regardeth</i> the
mainland.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That exceedingly beatiful seat, on the ass&?;ent of a
hill, flanked with wood and <i>regarding</i> the river.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To look closely at; to observe attentively;
to pay attention to; to notice or remark particularly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If much you note him,<BR>
You offened him; . . . feed, and <i>regard</i> him not.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To look upon, as in a certain relation; to
hold as an popinion; to consider; as, to <i>regard</i> abstinence from
wine as a duty; to <i>regard</i> another as a friend or
enemy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To consider and treat; to have a certain
feeling toward; as, to <i>regard</i> one with favor or
dislike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His associates seem to have <i>regarded</i> him with
kindness.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To pay respect to; to treat as something of
peculiar value, sanctity, or the like; to care for; to
esteem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that <i>regardeth</i> thae day, <i>regardeth</i> it
into the LOrd.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xiv. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here's Beaufort, that <i>regards</i> nor God nor
king.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To take into consideration; to take account
of, as a fact or condition.</def> "Nether <i>regarding</i> that she is
my child, nor fearing me as if II were her father."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To have relation to, as bearing upon; to
respect; to relate to; to touch; as, an argument does not
<i>regard</i> the question; -- often used impersonally; as, I agree
with you as <i>regards</i> this or that.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To consider; observe; remark; heed; mind; respect;
esteem; estimate; value. See <u>Attend</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*gard"</hw> (r?*g?rd"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To look
attentively; to consider; to notice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gard"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>regard</i> See
<u>Regard</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
look; aspect directed to another; view; gaze.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But her, with stern <i>regard</i>, he thus
repelled.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attention of the mind with a feeling of
interest; observation; heed; notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full many a lady<BR>
I have eyed with best <i>regard</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That view of the mind which springs from
perception of value, estimable qualities, or anything that excites
admiration; respect; esteem; reverence; affection; as, to have a high
<i>regard</i> for a person; -- often in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has rendered himself worthy of their most favorable
<i>regards</i>.</blockquote> <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Save the long-sought <i>regards</i> of woman, nothing
is sweeter than those marks of childish preference.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>State of being regarded, whether favorably
or otherwise; estimation; repute; note; account.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of meanest <i>regard</i> amongst them, neither
having wealth or power.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Consideration; thought; reflection;
heed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sad pause and deep <i>regard</i> become the
sage.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Matter for consideration; account;
condition.</def> [Obs.] "Reason full of good <i>regard</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Respect; relation; reference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Persuade them to pursue and persevere in virtue, with
<i>regard</i> to themselves; in justice and goodness with
<i>regard</i> to their neighbors; and piefy toward God.</blockquote>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The phrase <i>in regard of</i> was formerly used as
equivalent in meaning to <i>on account of</i>, but in modern usage is
often improperly substituted for <i>in respect to</i>, or <i>in regard
to</i>.  <i>G. P. Marsh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Change was thought necessary <i>in regard of</i> the
injury the church did receive by a number of things then in
use.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>In regard of</i> its security, it had a great
advantage over the bandboxes.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Object of sight; scene; view; aspect.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Throw out our eyes for brave Othello,<BR>
Even till we make the main and the a&euml;rial blue<BR>
An indistinct <i>regard</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(O.Eng.Law)</i> <def>Supervision;
inspection.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At regard of</b></col>, <cd>in consideration of; in
comparison with.</cd> [Obs.]  "Bodily penance is but short and little
<i>at regard of</i> the pains of hell." <i>Chaucer.</i> --
<col><b>Court of regard</b></col>, <cd>a forest court formerly held in
England every third year for the lawing, or expeditation, of dogs, to
prevent them from running after deer; -- called also <i>survey of
dogs</i>.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Respect; consideration; notice; observance; heed;
care; concern; estimation; esteem; attachment; reverence.</p>

<p><hw>Re*gard"a*ble</hw> (-?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy
of regard or notice; to be regarded; observable.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gard"ant</hw> (-<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>regardant</i>, fr. <i>regarder</i>. See <u>Regard</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>regardant</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Looking behind; looking backward watchfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] turns thither his <i>regardant</i>
eye.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Looking behind or backward;
as, a lion <i>regardant</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(O.Eng.Law)</i> <def>Annexed to the land or
manor; as, a villain <i>regardant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gard"er</hw> (r?*g?rd"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who regards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Forest law)</i> <def>An officer
appointed to supervise the forest.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gard"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heedful;
attentive; observant.</def> -- <wf>Re*gard"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Let a man be very tender and <i>regardful</i> of every
pious motion made by the Spirit of God to his heart.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mindful; heedful; attentive; observant.</p>

<p><hw>Re*gard"ing</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Concerning;
respecting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gard"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having no regard; heedless; careless; as, <i>regardless</i> of
life, consequences, dignity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Regardless</i> of the bliss wherein he
sat.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not regarded; slighted.</def> [R.]
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Heedless; negligent; careless; indifferent;
unconcerned; inattentive; unobservant; neglectful.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*gard"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*gard"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*gath"er</hw> (r?*g?th"?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
gather again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gat"ta</hw> (r?*g?t"t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Regattas</b></plw> (-t&?;z). [It. <i>regatta</i>,
<i>regata</i>.] <def>Originally, a gondola race in Venice; now, a
rowing or sailing race, or a series of such races.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"gel</hw> (r?"g?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>See <u>Rigel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"ge*late</hw> (r?"j?*l?t or r?j"?-), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>To freeze together again; to undergo regelation,
as ice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ge*la"tion</hw> (-l?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + L. <i>gelatio</i> a freezing.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The
act or process of freezing anew, or together,as two pieces of
ice.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Two pieces of ice at (or even) 32&?; Fahrenheit, with moist
surfaces, placed in contact, freeze together to a rigid mass. This is
called <i>regelation</i>.  <i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"gence</hw> (r?"j<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Rule.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"gen*cy</hw> (r?*j<i>e</i>n*s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Regencies</b></plw> (-s&?;z). [CF. F.
<i>r&eacute;gence</i>, LL. <i>regentia</i>. See <u>Regent</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office of ruler;
rule; authority; government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the office, jurisdiction, or
dominion of a regent or vicarious ruler, or of a body of regents;
deputed or vicarious government.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A body of men intrusted with vicarious
government; as, a <i>regency</i> constituted during a king's minority,
absence from the kingdom, or other disability.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A council or <i>regency</i> consisting of twelve
persons.</blockquote> <i>Lowth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gen"er*a*cy</hw> (r?*j?n"?r*?*s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Regenerate</u>.] <def>The state of being regenerated.</def>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gen"er*ate</hw> (-?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regeneratus</i>, p. p. of <i>regenerare</i> to regenerate; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>generare</i> to beget. See <u>Generate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Reproduced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earthly author of my blood,<BR>
Whose youthful spirit, in me <i>regenerate</i>,<BR>
Doth with a twofold vigor lift me up.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Born anew; become
Christian; renovated in heart; changed from a natural to a spiritual
state.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1210 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*gen"er*ate</hw> (r?*j?n"?r*?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To generate or produce anew; to reproduce; to
give new life, strength, or vigor to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through all the soil a genial fferment spreads.<BR>
<i>Regenerates</i> the plauts, and new adorns the meads.</blockquote>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>To cause to be spiritually
born anew; to cause to become a Christian; to convert from sin to
holiness; to implant holy affections in the heart of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to make a radical change for the
better in the character or condition of; as, to <i>regenerate</i>
society.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gen"er*ate*ness</hw> (-?t*n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being rgenerate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gen`er*a"tion</hw> (-?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regeneratio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;g&eacute;neration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of regenerating, or the state of being
regenerated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The entering into a new
spiritual life; the act of becoming, or of being made, Christian; that
change by which holy affectations and purposes are substituted for the
opposite motives in the heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He saved us by the washing of <i>regeneration</i>, and
renewing of the Holy Chost.</blockquote> <i>Tit. iii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The reproduction of a part
which has been removed or destroyed; re-formation; -- a process
especially characteristic of a many of the lower animals; as, the
<i>regeneration</i> of lost feelers, limbs, and claws by spiders and
crabs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
reproduction or renewal of tissues, cells, etc., which have been used
up and destroyed by the ordinary processes of life; as, the continual
<i>regeneration</i> of the epithelial cells of the body, or the
<i>regeneration</i> of the contractile substance of muscle.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The union of parts which have been severed,
so that they become anatomically perfect; as, the <i>regeneration</i>
of a nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gen"er*a*tive</hw> (r?*j?n"?r*?*t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to regeneration; tending to regenerate; as,
<i>regenerative</i> influences.</def>  <i>H. Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Regenerative furnace</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a
furnace having a regenerator in which gas used for fuel, and air for
supporting combustion, are heated; a Siemens furnace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*gen"er*a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
regenerate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gen"er*a`tor</hw> (-?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, regenerates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A device used in connection
with hot-air engines, gas-burning furnaces, etc., in which the
incoming air or gas is heated by being brought into contact with
masses of iron, brick, etc., which have been previously heated by the
outgoing, or escaping, hot air or gas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gen"er*a*to*ry</hw> (-?*t?*r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having power to renew; tending to reproduce; regenerating.</def>
<i>G. S. Faber.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gen"e*sis</hw> (-?*s?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>New
birth; renewal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A continued <i>regenesis</i> of dissenting
sects.</blockquote> <i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"gent</hw> (r?"j<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>regere</i> to rule: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;gent</i>. See <u>Regiment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ruling; governing; regnant.</def> "Some other active
<i>regent</i> principle . . . which we call the soul."  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exercising vicarious authority.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Queen regent</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Queen</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Re"gent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;gent</i>.
See <u>Regent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who rules or reigns; a governor; a ruler.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, one invested with vicarious
authority; one who governs a kingdom in the minority, absence, or
disability of the sovereign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of a governing board; a trustee or
overseer; a superintendent; a curator; as, the <i>regents</i> of the
Smithsonian Institution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eng.Univ.)</i> <def>A resident master of
arts of less than five years' standing, or a doctor of less than twwo.
They were formerly privileged to lecture in the schools.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Regent bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a beautiful
Australian bower bird (<i>Sericulus melinus</i>). The male has the
head, neck, and large patches on the wings, bright golden yellow, and
the rest of the plumage deep velvety black; -- so called in honor of
the Prince of Wales (afterward George IV.), who was Prince Regent in
the reign of George III.</cd> -- <col><b>The Regents of the University
of the State of New York</b></col>, <cd>the members of a corporate
body called the University of New York. They have a certain
supervisory power over the incorporated institution for Academic and
higher education in the State.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re"gent*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
regent.</def> [R.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"gent*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
regent; regency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ger"mi*nate</hw> (r?*j?r"m?*n?t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>germinate</i>: cf. L. <i>regerminare</i>.]
<def>To germinate again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Perennial plants <i>regerminate</i> several years
successively.</blockquote> <i>J. Lee.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ger`mi*na"tion</hw> (-n?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regerminatio</i>.] <def>A germinating again or anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gest"</hw> (r?*j?st"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regesta</i>, pl.: cf. OF. <i>regestes</i>, pl. See
<u>Register</u>.] <def>A register.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*get"</hw> (r?*g?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To get
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"gi*an</hw> (r?"j?-<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regius</i> regal.] <def>An upholder of kingly authority; a
royalist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reg"i*ble</hw> (r?j"?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regibilis</i>, from <i>regere</i> to rule.] <def>Governable;
tractable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Reg"i*ci`dal</hw> (r?j"?*s?`d<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to regicide, or to one committing it; having the
nature of, or resembling, regicide.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reg"i*cide</hw> (r?j"?*s?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;gicide</i>; L. <i>rex</i>, <i>regis</i>, a king +
<i>caedere</i> to kill.  Cf. <u>Homicide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who kills or who murders a king; specifically
<i>(Eng.Hist.)</i>, one of the judges who condemned Charles I. to
death.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The killing or the murder of a
king.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gild"</hw> (r?*g?ld"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gild
anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>||R&eacute;`gime"</hw> (r?`zh?m"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Regimen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mode or system of rule or
management; character of government, or of the prevailing social
system.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I dream . . . of the new <i>r&eacute;gime</i> which is
to come.</blockquote> <i>H. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hydraul.)</i> <def>The condition of a river
with respect to the rate of its flow, as measured by the volume of
water passing different cross sections in a given time, <i>uniform
r&eacute;gime</i> being the condition when the flow is equal and
uniform at all the cross sections.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The ancient r&eacute;gime</b></col>, or <col><b>Ancien
r&eacute;gime</b></col> [F.], <cd>the former political and social
system, as distinguished from the <i>modern</i>; especially, the
political and social system existing in France before the Revolution
of 1789.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Reg"i*men</hw> (r?j"?*m?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regimen</i>, <i>-inis</i>, fr. <i>regere</i> to guide, to rule. See
<u>Right</u>, and cf. <u>Regal</u>, <u>R&eacute;gime</u>,
<u>Regiment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Orderly government; system
of order; adminisration.</def>  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any regulation or remedy which is intended
to produce beneficial effects by gradual operation</def>; esp.
<i>(Med.)</i>, <def>a systematic course of diet, etc., pursed with a
view to improving or preserving the health, or for the purpose of
attaining some particular effect, as a reduction of flesh; --
sometimes used synonymously with <i>hygiene</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
syntactical relation between words, as when one depends on another and
is regulated by it in respect to case or mood; government.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The word or words governed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"i*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;giment</i> a regiment of men, OF. also government, L.
<i>regimentum</i> government, fr. <i>regere</i> to guide, rule. See
<u>Regimen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Government; mode of ruling;
rule; authority; regimen.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i>
"<i>Regiment</i> of health." <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But what are kings, when <i>regiment</i> is gone,<BR>
But perfect shadows in a sunshine day?</blockquote>
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The law of nature doth now require of necessity some
kind of <i>regiment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hocker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A region or district governed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A body of men, either horse,
foot, or artillery, commanded by a colonel, and consisting of a number
of companies, usually ten.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the British army all the artillery are included in one
regiment, which (reversing the usual practice) is divided into
brigades.</p>

<p><col><b>Regiment of the line</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a
regiment organized for general service; -- in distinction from those
(as the Life Guards) whose duties are usually special.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Reg"i*ment</hw> (-m<i>?</i>nt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Regimented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Regimenting</u>.] <def>To form into a regiment or
into regiments.</def>  <i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reg`i*men"tal</hw> (-m?n"t<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Belonging to, or concerning, a regiment; as, <i>regimental</i>
officers, clothing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Regimental school</b></col>, <cd>in the British army, a
school for the instruction of the private soldiers of a regiment, and
their children, in the rudimentary branches of education.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Reg`i*men"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In or by a
regiment or regiments; as, troops classified
<i>regimentally</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg`i*men"tals</hw> (-t<i>a</i>lz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The uniform worn by the officers and soldiers of a
regiment; military dress; -- formerly used in the singular in the same
sense.</def>  <i>Colman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gim"i*nal</hw> (r?*j?m"?*n<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or relating to regimen; as, <i>regiminal</i> rules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"gion</hw> (r?"j?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;gion</i>, from L. <i>regio</i> a direction, a boundary
line, region, fr. <i>regere</i> to guide, direct. See <u>Regimen</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the grand districts or quarters into
which any space or surface, as of the earth or the heavens, is
conceived of as divided; hence, in general, a portion of space or
territory of indefinite extent; country; province; district;
tract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thence he 'scappe, into whatever world,<BR>
Or unknown <i>region</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tract, part, or space, lying about and
including anything; neighborhood; vicinity; sphere.</def> "Though the
fork invade the <i>region</i> of my heart."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Philip, tetrarch of .. the <i>region</i> of
Trachonitis.</blockquote> <i>Luke iii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The upper air; the sky; the heavens.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Anon the dreadful thunder<BR>
Doth rend the <i>region</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The inhabitants of a district.</def>
<i>Matt. iii. 5.  </i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Place; rank; station.</def> [Obs. or
R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He is of too high a <i>region</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"gion*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a particular region; sectional.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"gi*ous</hw> (-j?*?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>regius</i>
royal, fr. <i>rex</i>, <i>regis</i>, king.] <def>Regal; royal.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Harrington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reg"is*ter</hw> (r&ebreve;j"&ibreve;s*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>registre</i>, F. <i>registre</i>, LL.
<i>registrum</i>,<i>regestum</i>, L. <i>regesta</i>, pl., fr.
<i>regerere</i>, <i>regestum</i>, to carry back, to register; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>gerere</i> to carry. See <u>Jest</u>, and cf.
<u>Regest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A written account or entry; an
official or formal enumeration, description, or record; a memorial
record; a list or roll; a schedule.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As you have one eye upon my follies, . . . turn another
into the <i>register</i> of your own.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A record
containing a list and description of the merchant vessels belonging to
a port or customs district.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
certificate issued by the collector of customs of a port or district
to the owner of a vessel, containing the description of a vessel, its
name, ownership, and other material facts. It is kept on board the
vessel, to be used as an evidence of nationality or as a muniment of
title.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. LL. <i>registrarius</i>.  Cf.
<u>Regisrar</u>.] <def>One who registers or records; a registrar; a
recorder; especially, a public officer charged with the duty of
recording certain transactions or events; as, a <i>register</i> of
deeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which registers or records.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A contrivance
for automatically noting the performance of a machine or the rapidity
of a process.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Teleg.)</i> <def>The part
of a telegraphic apparatus which records automatically the message
received.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A machine for registering
automatically the number of persons passing through a gateway, fares
taken, etc.; a telltale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A lid, stopper, or sliding plate, in a
furnace, stove, etc., for regulating the admission of air to the fuel;
also, an arrangement containing dampers or shutters, as in the floor
or wall of a room or passage, or in a chimney, for admitting or
excluding heated air, or for regulating ventilation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
inner part of the mold in which types are cast.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The correspondence of pages, columns, or
lines on the opposite or reverse sides of the sheet.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The correspondence or adjustment of the
several impressions in a design which is printed in parts, as in
chromolithographic printing, or in the manufacture of paper hangings.
See <u>Register</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
compass of a voice or instrument; a specified portion of the compass
of a voice, or a series of vocal tones of a given compass; as, the
upper, middle, or lower <i>register</i>; the soprano <i>register</i>;
the tenor <i>register</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In respect to the vocal tones, the <i>thick register</i>
properly extends below from the F on the lower space of the treble
staff. The <i>thin register</i> extends an octave above this. The
<i>small register</i> is above the thin. The voice in the thick
register is called the <i>chest voice</i>; in the thin, the <i>head
voice</i>. <i>Falsetto</i> is a kind off voice, of a thin, shrull
quality, made by using the mechanism of the upper thin register for
tones below the proper limit on the scale.  <i>E. Behnke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A stop or set of pipes in an
organ.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parish register</b></col>, <cd>A book in which are recorded
the births, baptisms, marriages, deaths, and burials in a
parish.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- List; catalogue; roll; record; archives; chronicle;
annals. See <u>List</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Reg"is*ter</hw> (r&ebreve;j"&ibreve;s*t&etilde;r), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Registered</u> (-
t&etilde;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Registering</u>.]
[Cf. F. <i>regisrer</i>, <i>exregistrer</i>, LL. <i>registrare</i>.
See <u>Register</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
enter in a register; to record formally and distinctly, as for future
use or service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enroll; to enter in a list.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such follow him as shall be
<i>registered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Registered letter</b></col>, <cd>a letter, the address of
which is, on payment of a special fee, registered in the post office
and the transmission and delivery of which are attended to with
particular care.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Reg"is*ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To enroll one's name in a register.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To correspond in relative
position; as, two pages, columns, etc. , <i>register</i> when the
corresponding parts fall in the same line, or when line falls exactly
upon line in reverse pages, or (as in chromatic printing) where the
various colors of the design are printed consecutively, and perfect
adjustment of parts is necessary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"is*ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Recording; --
applied to instruments; having an apparatus which registers; as, a
<i>registering</i> thermometer. See <u>Recording</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"is*ter*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
register.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"is*trant</hw> (-tr<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>registrans</i>, p. pr.] <def>One who registers; esp., one who , by
virtue of securing an official registration, obtains a certain right
or title of possession, as to a trade-mark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"is*trar</hw> (-tr?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>registrarius</i>, or F. <i>r&eacute;gistraire</i>. See
<u>Register</u>.] <def>One who registers; a recorder; a keeper of
records; as, a <i>registrar</i> of births, deaths, and marriages. See
<u>Register</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"is*trar*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
a registrar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"is*tra*ry</hw> (- tr?*r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
registrar.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Reg"is*trate</hw> (-tr?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
register.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Reg`is*tra"tion</hw> (-tr?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>registratio</i>, or F. <i>r&eacute;gistration</i>. See
<u>Register</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of registering; registry; enrollment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The art of selecting and
combining the stops or registers of an organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"is*try</hw> (r?j"?s*tr?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of recording or writing in a register;
enrollment; registration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place where a register is
kept.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A record; an account; a register.</def>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Re"gi*us</hw> (r?l"?*?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regius</i>, from <i>rex</i>, <i>regis</i>, a king.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a king; royal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Regius professor</b></col>, <cd>an incumbent of a
professorship founded by royal bounty, as in an English
university.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*give"</hw> (r?*g?v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give
again; to give back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"gle</hw> (r?g"'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Reglement</u>.] <def>To rule; to govern.</def> [Obs.] "To
<i>regle</i> their lives."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"gle*ment</hw> (r?g"'l*m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;glement</i>, fr. <i>r&eacute;gler</i>, L. <i>regulare</i>.
See <u>Regulate</u>.] <def>Regulation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The reformation and <i>reglement</i> of
usury.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reg`le*men"ta*ry</hw> (-l?*m?n"t?*r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;glementaire</i>, fr. <i>r&eacute;glement</i>.]
<def>Regulative.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Reg"let</hw> (r?g"l?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;glet</i>, dim. of <i>r&egrave;gle</i> a rule, L.
<i>regula</i>. See <u>Rule</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A flat, narrow molding, used chiefly to separate the parts or
members of compartments or panels from one another, or doubled,
turned, and interlaced so as to form knots, frets, or other ornaments.
See <u>Illust</u>. (12) of <u>Column</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A strip of wood or metal of
the height of a quadrat, used for regulating the space between pages
in a chase, and also for spacing out title-pages and other open
matter. It is graded to different sizes, and designated by the name of
the type that it matches; as, nonpareil <i>reglet</i>, pica
<i>reglet</i>, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Reg"ma</hw> (r?g"m?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;, -&?;&?;&?;, fracture, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to break.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of dry fruit, consisting of three or more
cells, each which at length breaks open at the inner angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"ma*carp</hw> (-k?rp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Regma</i> +
Gr. &?;&?;&?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any dry dehiscent
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"nal</hw> (r?g"n<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regnum</i> reign.] <def>Of or pertaining to the reign of a monarch;
as, <i>regnal</i> years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"nan*cy</hw> (-n<i>a</i>n*s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition or quality of being regnant; sovereignty; rule.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reg"nant</hw> (-n<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regnans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>regnare</i> to reign: cf.
F <i>r&eacute;gnant</i>. See <u>Reign</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exercising regal authority; reigning; as, a queen
<i>regnant</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the chief power; ruling;
predominant; prevalent.</def> "A traitor to the vices <i>regnant</i>."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reg"na*tive</hw> (-n?*t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ruling;
governing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Regne</hw> (r?n), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Reign</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gorge"</hw> (r?*g?rj"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>regorder</i>; <i>re-</i> + <i>gorger</i> to gorge.  Cf.
<u>Regurgitate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To vomit up; to eject
from the stomach; to throw back.</def>  <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To swallow again; to swallow
back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tides at highest mark <i>regorge</i> the
flood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1211 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*grade"</hw> (r?*gr?d"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>re-
</i> re- + <i>gradi</i> to go.  Cf. <u>Regrede</u>. ] <def>To retire;
to go back.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W. Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*graft"</hw> (r?*gr?ft"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
graft again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*grant"</hw> (r?*gr?nt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
grant back; to grant again or anew.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*grant"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of granting back to a former proprietor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A renewed of a grant; as, the
<i>regrant</i> of a monopoly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*grate"</hw> (r?*gr?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Regrated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Regrating</u>.] [F. <i>regratter</i>, literally, to
scrape again. See <u>Re</u>-, and <u>Grate</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To remove the
outer surface of, as of an old hewn stone, so as to give it a fresh
appearance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To offend; to shock.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*grate"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>regratter</i> to
regrate provisions; of uncertain origin.] <i>(Eng.Law)</i> <def>To buy
in large quantities, as corn, provisions, etc., at a market or fair,
with the intention of selling the same again, in or near the same
place, at a higher price, -- a practice which was formerly treated as
a public offense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*grat"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>regrattier</i>.] <def>One who regrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*grat"er*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
practice of regrating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gra"ti*a*to*ry</hw> (r?*gr?"sh?*?*t?*r?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A returning or giving of thanks.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*grat"or</hw> (r?*gr?t"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
guilty of regrating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*grede"</hw> (r?*gr?d"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regredi</i> to go back.  Cf. <u>Regrade</u>, <u>Regress</u>.]
<def>To go back; to retrograde, as the apsis of a planet's
orbit.</def> [R.]  <i>Todhunter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gre"di*ence</hw> (r?*gr?"d?-<i>e</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A going back; a retrogression; a
return.</def> [R.]  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*greet"</hw> (r?*gr?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
greet again; to resalute; to return a salutation to; to greet.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*greet"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A return or exchange
of salutation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"gress</hw> (r?"gr?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regressus</i>, fr. <i>regredi</i>, <i>regressus</i>. See
<u>Regrede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of passing back;
passage back; return; retrogression. "The progress or <i>regress</i>
of man".</def>  <i>F. Harrison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power or liberty of passing back.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gress"</hw> (r?*gr?s"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Regressed</u> (-gr?st"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Regressing</u>.] <def>To go back; to return
to a former place or state.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gres"sion</hw> (r?*gr?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regressio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;gression</i>.] <def>The act of
passing back or returning; retrogression; retrogradation.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Edge of regression</b></col> (of a surface) <i>(Geom.)</i>,
<cd>the line along which a surface turns back upon itself; -- called
also a <i>cuspidal edge</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Regression
point</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a cusp.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*gress"ive</hw> (r?*gr?s"?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;gressif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Passing back; returning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by retrogression;
retrogressive.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Regressive metamorphism</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See <u>Retrogression</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>See <u>Katabolism</u></cd>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*gress"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
regressive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gret"</hw> (r?*gr?t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>regretter</i>. See <u>Regret</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pain of mind on account of something done or
experienced in the past, with a wish that it had been different; a
looking back with dissatisfaction or with longing; grief; sorrow;
especially, a mourning on account of the loss of some joy, advantage,
or satisfaction.</def> "A passionate <i>regret</i> at sin."  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What man does not remember with <i>regret</i> the first
time he read Robinson Crusoe?</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Never any prince expressed a more lively <i>regret</i>
for the loss of a servant.</blockquote>  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From its peaceful bosom [the grave] spring none but
fond <i>regrets</i> and tender recollections.</blockquote> <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dislike; aversion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Grief; concern; sorrow; lamentation; repentance;
penitence; self-condemnation.  -- <u>Regret</u>, <u>Remorse</u>,
<u>Compunction</u>, <u>Contrition</u>, <u>Repentance</u>.
<i>Regret</i> does not carry with it the energy of <i>remorse</i>, the
sting of <i>compunction</i>, the sacredness of <i>contrition</i>, or
the practical character of <i>repentance</i>. We even apply the term
<i>regret</i> to circumstance over which we have had no control, as
the absence of friends or their loss. When connected with ourselves,
it relates rather to unwise acts than to wrong or sinful ones.  <i>C.
J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gret"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Regretted</u> (-t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Regretting</u>.] [F. <i>regretter</i>, OF.
<i>regreter</i>; L. pref. <i>re-</i> re- + a word of Teutonic origin;
cf. Goth. <i>gr&emacr;tan</i> to weep, Icel. <i>gr&amacr;ta</i>. See
<u>Greet</u> to lament.] <def>To experience regret on account of; to
lose or miss with a sense of regret; to feel sorrow or dissatisfaction
on account of (the happening or the loss of something); as, to
<i>regret</i> an error; to <i>regret</i> lost opportunities or
friends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Calmly he looked on either life, and here<BR>
Saw nothing to <i>regret</i>, or there to fear.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In a few hours they [the Israelites] began to
<i>regret</i> their slavery, and to murmur against their
leader.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Recruits who <i>regretted</i> the plow from which they
had been violently taken.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gret"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
regret; indulging in regrets; repining.</def> --
<wf>Re*gret"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*grow"</hw> (r?*gr?"), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To
grow again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The snail had power to <i>regrow</i> them all [horns,
tongue, etc.]</blockquote> <i>A. B. Buckley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*growth"</hw> (r?*gr?th"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of regrowing; a second or new growth.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>regrowth</i> of limbs which had been cut
off.</blockquote> <i>A. B. Buckley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*guard"ant</hw> (r?*g?rd"<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Regardant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*guer"don</hw> (r?*g?r"d?n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>guerdon</i>: cf. OF. <i>reguerdonner</i>.] <def>To
reward.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reg"u*la*ble</hw> (r?g"?*l?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being regulated.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Reg"u*lar</hw> (-l?r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>regularis</i>, fr. <i>regula</i> a rule, fr. <i>regere</i> to
guide, to rule: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;gulier</i>. See <u>Rule</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Conformed to a rule; agreeable to an
established rule, law, principle, or type, or to established customary
forms; normal; symmetrical; as, a <i>regular</i> verse in poetry; a
<i>regular</i> piece of music; a <i>regular</i> verb; <i>regular</i>
practice of law or medicine; a <i>regular</i> building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Governed by rule or rules; steady or
uniform in course, practice, or occurence; not subject to unexplained
or irrational variation; returning at stated intervals; steadily
pursued; orderlly; methodical; as, the <i>regular</i> succession of
day and night; <i>regular</i> habits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Constituted, selected, or conducted in
conformity with established usages, rules, or discipline; duly
authorized; permanently organized; as, a <i>regular</i> meeting; a
<i>regular</i> physican; a <i>regular</i> nomination; <i>regular</i>
troops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to a monastic order or community;
as, <i>regular</i> clergy, in distinction dfrom the <i>secular</i>
clergy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Thorough; complete; unmitigated; as, a
<i>regular</i> humbug.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having all the
parts of the same kind alike in size and shape; as, a <i>regular</i>
flower; a <i>regular</i> sea urchin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Isometric</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Regular polygon</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a plane
polygon which is both equilateral and equiangular.</cd> --
<col><b>Regular polyhedron</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a polyhedron
whose faces are equal regular polygons. There are five regular
polyhedrons, -- the tetrahedron, the hexahedron, or cube, the
octahedron, the dodecahedron, and the icosahedron.</cd> --
<col><b>Regular sales</b></col> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i>, <cd>sales of
stock deliverable on the day after the transaction.</cd> --
<col><b>Regular troops</b></col>, <cd>troops of a standing or
permanent army; -- opposed to <i>militia</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Normal; orderly; methodical. See <u>Normal</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Reg"u*lar</hw> (r&ebreve;g"&usl;*l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>regularis</i>: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;gulier</i>. See <u>Regular</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A member of any religious
order or community who has taken the vows of poverty, chastity, and
obedience, and who has been solemnly recognized by the church.</def>
<i>Bp. Fitzpatrick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A soldier belonging to a
permanent or standing army; -- chiefly used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Reg`u*la"ri*a</hw>
(r&ebreve;g`&usl;*l&amacr;"r&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Echini which includes the
circular, or regular, sea urchins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg`u*lar"i*ty</hw> (-l?r"?*t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;gularit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The condition or quality of
being regular; as, <i>regularity</i> of outline; the <i>regularity</i>
of motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"u*lar*ize</hw> (r&ebreve;g"&usl;*l&etilde;r*&imacr;z),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to become regular; to
regulate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Reg"u*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a regular
manner; in uniform order; methodically; in due order or
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"u*lar*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Regularity.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reg"u*late</hw> (-l&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Regulated</u> (-
l&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Regulating</u>.] [L. <i>regulatus</i>, p. p. of <i>regulare</i>,
fr. <i>regula</i>. See <u>Regular</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
adjust by rule, method, or established mode; to direct by rule or
restriction; to subject to governing principles or laws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The laws which <i>regulate</i> the successions of the
seasons.</blockquote>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The herdsmen near the frontier adjudicated their own
disputes, and <i>regulated</i> their own police.</blockquote>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put in good order; as, to
<i>regulate</i> the disordered state of a nation or its
finances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To adjust, or maintain, with respect to a
desired rate, degree, or condition; as, to <i>regulate</i> the
temperature of a room, the pressure of steam, the speed of a machine,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To regulate a watch</b></col> or <col><b>clock</b></col>,
<cd>to adjust its rate of running so that it will keep approximately
standard time.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To adjust; dispose; methodize; arrange; direct;
order; rule; govern.</p>

<p><hw>Reg`u*la"tion</hw> (-l?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of regulating, or the state of being
regulated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The temper and <i>regulation</i> of our own
minds.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rule or order prescribed for management
or government; prescription; a regulating principle; a governing
direction; precept; law; as, the <i>regulations</i> of a society or a
school.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Regulation sword</b></col>, <col><b>cap</b></col>,
<col><b>uniform</b></col>, etc. <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a sword, cap,
uniform, etc., of the kind or quality prescribed by the official
regulations.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Law</u>; rule; method; principle; order; precept.
See <u>Law</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Reg"u*la*tive</hw> (r?g"?*l?*t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending to regulate; regulating.</def>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Necessarily assumed by the
mind as fundamental to all other knowledge; furnishing fundamental
principles; as, the <i>regulative</i> principles, or principles <i>a
priori</i>; the <i>regulative</i> faculty.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; These terms are borrowed from Kant, and suggest the thought,
allowed by Kant, that possibly these principles are only true for the
human mind, the operations and belief of which they regulate.</p>

<p><hw>Reg"u*la`tor</hw> (-l?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, regulates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A contrivance for regulating
and controlling motion, as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The lever or index in
a watch, which controls the effective length of the hairspring, and
thus regulates the vibrations of the balance. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The
governor of a steam engine. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A valve for
controlling the admission of steam to the steam chest, in a
locomotive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A clock, or other timepiece, used as a
standard of correct time. See <i>Astronomical clock</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under <u>Clock</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A member of a volunteer committee which, in
default of the lawful authority, undertakes to preserve order and
prevent crimes; also, sometimes, one of a band organized for the
comission of violent crimes.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A few stood neutral, or declared in favor of the
<i>Regulators</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reg"u*line</hw> (r?g"?*l?n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;gulin</i>. See <u>Regulus</u>.] <i>(Chem. &amp; Metal.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to regulus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"u*lize</hw> (-l?z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i> <def>To reduce to regulus; to separate, as a metal from
extraneous matter; as, to <i>regulize</i> antimony.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Reg"u*lus</hw> (-l?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Reguluses</b></plw> (-&?;z), L. <plw><b>Reguli</b></plw> (-
l&?;). [L., a petty king, prince, dim. of <i>rex</i>, <i>regis</i>, a
king: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;gule</i>. See <u>Regal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A petty king; a ruler of little power or
consequence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem. &amp; Metal.)</i> <def>The button,
globule, or mass of metal, in a more or less impure state, which forms
in the bottom of the crucible in smelting and reduction of
ores.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name was introduced by the alchemists, and applied by
them in the first instance to antimony. It signifies <i>little
king</i>; and from the facility with which antimony alloyed with gold,
these empirical philosophers had great hopes that this metal,
<i>antimony</i>, would lead them to the discovery of the philosopher's
stone.  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A star of the first
magnitude in the constellation Leo; -- called also the <i>Lion's
Heart</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gur"gi*tate</hw> (r?*g?r"j?*t?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>regurgitare</i>, <i>regurgitatum</i>; L. pref. <i>re-</i> re-
+ <i>gurges</i>, <i>-itis</i>, a gulf.  Cf. <u>Regorge</u>.] <def>To
throw or pour back, as from a deep or hollow place; to pour or throw
back in great quantity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*gur"gi*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be thrown
or poured back; to rush or surge back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The food may <i>regurgitate</i>m the stomach into the
esophagus and mouth.</blockquote> <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*gur`gi*ta"tion</hw> (-t?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;gurgitation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
flowing or pouring back by the orifice of entrance</def>; specifically
<i>(Med.)</i>, <def>the reversal of the natural direction in which the
current or contents flow through a tube or cavity of the body.</def>
<i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of swallowing again;
reabsorption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ha*bil"i*tate</hw> (r?`h?*b?l"?*t?t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rehabilitated</u> (-
t?`t?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rehabilitating</u>.]
[Pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>habilitate</i>: cf. LL.
<i>rehabilitare</i>, F. <i>r&eacute;habiliter</i>.] <def>To invest or
clothe again with some right, authority, or dignity; to restore to a
former capacity; to reinstate; to qualify again; to restore, as a
delinquent, to a former right, rank, or privilege lost or forfeited; -
- a term of civil and canon law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Restoring and <i>rehabilitating</i> the
party.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`ha*bil`i*ta"tion</hw> (-t?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
LL. <i>rehabilitatio</i>, F. <i>R&eacute;habilitation</i>.] <def>The
act of rehabilitating, or the state of being rehabilitated.</def>
<i>Bouvier. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*hash"</hw> (r?*h?sh"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hash
over again; to prepare or use again; as, to <i>rehash</i> old
arguments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*hash"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something hashed over,
or made up from old materials.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*hear"</hw> (r?*h?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hear
again; to try a second time; as, to <i>rehear</i> a cause in
Chancery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*hears"al</hw> (r?*h?rs"<i>a</i>), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of rehearsing; recital; narration; repetition;
specifically, a private recital, performance, or season of practice,
in preparation for a public exhibition or exercise.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>rehearsal</i> of our Lord's Prayer.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here's marvelous convenient place for our
<i>rehearsal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dress rehearsal</b></col> <i>(Theater)</i>, <cd>a private
preparatory performance of a drama, opera, etc., in costume.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*hearse"</hw> (r?*h?rs"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rehearsed</u> (-h?rst"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rehearsing</u>.] [OE. <i>rehercen</i>,
<i>rehersen</i>, OF. <i>reherser</i>, <i>rehercier</i>, to harrow over
again; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>hercier</i> to harrow, fr.
<i>herce</i> a harrow, F. <i>herse</i>. See <u>Hearse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To repeat, as what has been already said; to
tell over again; to recite.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the words were heard which David spake, they
<i>rehearsed</i> them before Saul.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xvii.
31.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To narrate; to relate; to tell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rehearse</i> the righteous acts of the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Judg. . v. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To recite or repeat in private for
experiment and improvement, before a public representation; as, to
<i>rehearse</i> a tragedy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to rehearse; to instruct by
rehearsal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He has been <i>rehearsed</i> by Madame Defarge as to
his having seen her.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To recite; recapitulate; recount; detail; describe;
tell; relate; narrate.</p>

<p><hw>Re*hearse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To recite or
repeat something for practice.</def> "There will we <i>rehearse</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*hears"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rehearses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*heat"</hw> (r?*h?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To heat again.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To revive; to cheer; to cherish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`hi*bi"tion</hw> (r?`h?*b?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + L. <i>habere</i> to have.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
returning of a thing purchased to the seller, on the ground of defect
or frand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*hib"i*to*ry</hw> (r?*h?b"?*t?*r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Of or relating to rehibition; as, a
<i>rehibitory</i> action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*hire"</hw> (r?*h?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hire
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`hy*poth"e*cate</hw> (r?`h?*p?th"?*k?t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To hypothecate again.</def> --
<wf>Re`hy*poth`e*ca"tion</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rei</hw> (r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Reis</b></plw> (r&?;"&?;s <i>or</i> r&?;z). [Pg. <i>real</i>,
pl. <i>reis</i>. See <u>Real</u> a coin.] <def>A portuguese money of
account, in value about one tenth of a cent.</def> [Spelt also
<i>ree</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Reichs"rath`</hw> (r?ks"r?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G]
<def>The parliament of Austria (exclusive of Hungary, which has its
own diet, or parliament). It consists of an Upper and a Lower House,
or a House of Lords and a House of Representatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Reichs"stand`</hw> (r?ks"st?t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<def>A free city of the former German empire.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Reichs"tag`</hw> (r?ks"t?g`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<def>The Diet, or House of Representatives, of the German empire,
which is composed of members elected for a term of three years by the
direct vote of the people. See <u>Bundesrath</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reif</hw> (r?f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>re&?;f</i>.]
<def>Robbery; spoil.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rei"gle</hw> (r?"g'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&egrave;gle</i> a rule, fr. L. <i>regula</i>. See <u>Rule</u>.]
<def>A hollow cut or channel for quiding anything; as, the
<i>reigle</i> of a side post for a flood gate.</def>
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rei"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To regulate; to
govern.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rei"gle*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Reglement</u>.] <def>Rule; regulation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon. Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reign</hw> (r&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>regne</i>,
OF. <i>reigne</i>, <i>regne</i>, F. <i>r&egrave;gne</i>, fr. L.
<i>regnum</i>, fr. <i>rex</i>, <i>regis</i>, a king, fr. <i>regere</i>
to guide, rule. See <u>Regal</u>, <u>Regimen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Royal authority; supreme power; sovereignty; rule;
dominion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He who like a father held his
<i>reign</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Saturn's sons received the threefold <i>reign</i><BR>
Of heaven, of ocean, and deep hell beneath.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The territory or sphere which is reigned
over; kingdom; empire; realm; dominion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[God] him bereft the <i>regne</i> that he
had.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The time during which a king, queen, or
emperor possesses the supreme authority; as, it happened in the
<i>reign</i> of Elizabeth.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1212 !></p>

<p><hw>Reign</hw> (r?n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reigned</u> (r?nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reigning</u>.] [OE.  <i>regnen</i>, <i>reinen</i>, OF.
<i>regner</i>, F. <i>r&eacute;gner</i>, fr. L. <i>regnare</i>, fr.
regnum. See <u>Reign</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To possess or exercise sovereign power or authority; to exercise
government, as a king or emperor;; to hold supreme power; to
rule.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We will not have this man to <i>reign</i> over
us.</blockquote> <i>Luke xix. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall Banquo's issue ever<BR>
<i>Reign</i> in this kingdom?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to be predominant; to prevail.</def>
"Pestilent diseases which commonly <i>reign</i> in summer."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have superior or uncontrolled dominion;
to rule.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not sin therefore <i>reign</i> in your mortal
body.</blockquote> <i>Rom. vi. 12.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To rule; govern; direct; control; prevail.</p>

<p><hw>Reign"er</hw> (r?n"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
reigns.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re`il*lume"</hw> (r?`?l*l?m"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
light again; to cause to shine anew; to relume; to reillumine.</def>
"Thou must <i>reillume</i> its spark."  <i>J. R. Drake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`il*lu"mi*nate</hw> (-l?"m?*n?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To enlighten again; to reillumine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`il*lu`mi*na"tion</hw> (-n?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act or process of enlightening again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`il*lu"mine</hw> (-l?"m?n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
illumine again or anew; to reillume.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reim</hw> (r?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>riem</i>, akin to
G <i>riemen</i>; CF. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a towing line.] <def>A strip of
oxhide, deprived of hair, and rendered pliable, -- used for twisting
into ropes, etc.</def> [South Africa]  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*bark"</hw> (r?`?m*b?rk"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Re&euml;mbark</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*bod"y</hw> (-b?d"?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Re&euml;mbody</u>.] <def>To imbody again.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*burs"a*ble</hw> (r?`?m*b?rs"?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[CF. F. <i>remboursable</i>.] <def>Capable of being repaid;
repayable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A loan has been made of two millions of dollars,
<i>reimbursable</i> in ten years.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*burse"</hw> (-b?rs"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reimbursed</u> (-b?rst");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reimbursing</u>.] [Pref. <i>re-
</i> + <i>imburse</i>: cf. F. <i>rembourser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To replace in a treasury or purse, as an equivalent for what has
been taken, lost, or expended; to refund; to pay back; to restore; as,
to <i>reimburse</i> the expenses of a war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make restoration or payment of an
equivalent to (a person); to pay back to; to indemnify; -- often
reflexive; as, to <i>reimburse</i> one's self by successful
speculation.</def>  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*burse"ment</hw> (-b?rs"m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>rembursement</i>.] <def>The act reimbursing.</def>  <i>A.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*burs"er</hw> (-b?rs"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who reimburses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*plant"</hw> (-pl?nt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
implant again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*port"</hw> (-p?rt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>import</i>: cf. F. <i>remporter</i>.] <def>To import
again; to import what has been exported; to bring back.</def>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*im`por*ta"tion</hw> (r?*?m`p?r*t?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of reimporting; also, that which is
reimported.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*im`por*tune"</hw> (-p?r*t?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To importune again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*pose"</hw> (r?`?m*p?z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
impose anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*preg"nate</hw> (-pr?g"n?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To impregnate again or anew.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*press"</hw> (-pr?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
impress anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*pres"sion</hw> (-pr?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
second or repeated impression; a reprint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*print"</hw> (-pr?nt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
imprint again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*pris"on</hw> (-pr?z'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
imprison again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`im*pris"on*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of reimprisoning, or the state of being
reimprisoned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rein</hw> (r?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&ecirc;ne</i>,
fr. (assumed) LL. <i>retina</i>, fr. L. <i>retinere</i> to hold back.
See <u>Retain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The strap of a bridle,
fastened to the curb or snaffle on each side, by which the rider or
driver governs the horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This knight laid hold upon his
<i>reyne</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, an instrument or means of curbing,
restraining, or governing; government; restraint.</def> "Let their
eyes rove without <i>rein</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To give rein</b></col>, <col><b>To give the rein
to</b></col>, <cd>to give license to; to leave withouut restrain.</cd>
-- <col><b>To take the reins</b></col>, <cd>to take the guidance or
government; to assume control.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rein</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reined</u> (r?nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reining</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To govern or direct with the
reins; as, to <i>rein</i> a horse one way or another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He mounts and <i>reins</i> his horse.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To restrain; to control; to
check.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being once chafed, he can not<BR>
Be <i>reined</i> again to temperance.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To rein in</b></col> or <col><b>rein up</b></col>, <cd>to
check the speed of, or cause to stop, by drawing the reins.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rein</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be guided by
reins.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*au"gu*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
inaugurate anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"in*cit"</hw> (-s?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To incite
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*cor"po*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
incorporate again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*crease"</hw> (-kr?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
increase again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*cur"</hw> (-k?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To incur
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rein"deer`</hw> (r?n"d?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>hreinn</i> reindeer + E. <i>deer</i>. Icel. <i>hreinn</i> is of
Lapp or Finnish origin; cf. Lappish <i>reino</i> pasturage.] [Formerly
written also <i>raindeer</i>, and <i>ranedeer</i>.] <i>(Zool.)</i>
<def>Any ruminant of the genus <i>Rangifer</i>, of the Deer family,
found in the colder parts of both the Eastern and Western hemispheres,
and having long irregularly branched antlers, with the brow tines
palmate.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European species (<i>R. tarandus</i>) is
domesticated in Lapland. The woodland reindeer or caribou (<i>R.
caribou</i>) is found in Canada and Maine (see <u>Caribou</u>.) The
Barren Ground reindeer or caribou (<i>R. Gr&oelig;nlandicus</i>), of
smaller size, is found on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, in both
hemispheries.</p>

<p><col><b>Reindeer moss</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a gray branching
lichen (<i>Cladonia rangiferina</i>) which forms extensive patches on
the ground in arctic and even in north temperature regions.  It is the
principal food of the Lapland reindeer in winter.</cd> --
<col><b>Reindeer period</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a name sometimes
given to a part of the Paleolithic era when the reindeer was common
over Central Europe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*duce"</hw> (r?`?n*d?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
induce again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rei*nette"</hw> (r?*n?t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See 1st
<u>Rennet</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to many different
kinds of apples, mostly of French origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*fect"</hw> (r?`?n*f?kt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>infect</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;infecter</i>.] <def>To
infect again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*fec"tious</hw> (-f?k"sh?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of reinfecting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*force"</hw> (-f?rs"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Re&euml;nforce</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*force"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Re&euml;nforce</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*force"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Re&euml;nforcement</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*fund"</hw> (-f?nd"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + L. <i>infundere</i> to pour in.] <def>To flow in
anew.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*gra"ti*ate</hw> (-gr?"sh?*?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To ingratiate again or anew.</def>  <i>Sir. T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*hab"it</hw> (-h?b"?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
inhabit again.</def>  <i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rein"less</hw> (r?n"l?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having,
or not governed by, reins; hence, not checked or restrained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reins</hw> (r&amacr;nz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>rein</i>, pl. <i>reins</i>, fr. L. <i>ren</i>, pl. <i>renes</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The kidneys; also, the region of the kidneys;
the loins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The inward impulses; the affections and
passions; -- so called because formerly supposed to have their seat in
the part of the body where the kidneys are.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>reins</i> rejoice, when thy lips speak right
things.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxiii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am he which searcheth the <i>reins</i> and
hearts.</blockquote> <i>Rev. ii. 23.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Reins of a vault</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the parts
between the crown and the spring or abutment, including, and having
especial reference to, the loading or filling behind the shell of the
vault. The reins are to a vault nearly what the haunches are to an
arch, and when a vault gives way by thrusting outward, it is because
its reins are not sufficiently filled up.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*sert"</hw> (r?`?n*s?rt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
insert again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*ser"tion</hw> (-s?r"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of reinserting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*spect"</hw> (-sp?kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
inspect again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*spec"tion</hw> (-sp?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of reinspecting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*spire"</hw> (-sp?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
inspire anew.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*spir"it</hw> (-sp`r"?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
give fresh spirit to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*stall"</hw> (-st?l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>install</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;installer</i>.]
<def>To install again.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*stall"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A renewed installment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*state"</hw> (-st?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
place again in possession, or in a former state; to restore to a state
from which one had been removed; to instate again; as, to
<i>reinstate</i> a king in the possession of the kingdom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the just we have said already thet some of them
were <i>reinstated</i> in their pristine happiness and
felicity.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*state"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of reinstating; the state of being reinstated;
re&?;stablishment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*sta"tion</hw> (-st?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reinstatement.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re`in*struct"</hw> (-str?kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
instruct anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*sur"ance</hw> (-sh?r"<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Insurance a second time or again; renewed
insurance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contract by which an insurer is insured
wholly or in part against the risk he has incurred in insuring
somebody else. See <u>Reassurance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*sure"</hw> (-sh?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To insure again after a former insuranse has
ceased; to renew insurance on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To insure, as life or property, in favor of
one who has taken an insurance risk upon it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The innsurer may cause the property insured to be
<i>reinsured</i> by other persons.</blockquote> <i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*sur"er</hw> (-sh?r"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gives reinsurance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*in"te*grate</hw> (r?*?n"t?*gr?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>integrate</i>.  Cf. <u>Redintegrate</u>.]
<def>To renew with regard to any state or quality; to restore; to
bring again together into a whole, as the parts off anything; to
re&euml;stablish; as, to <i>reintegrate</i> a nation.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*in`te*gra"tion</hw> (-gr?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
renewing, or making whole again. See <u>Redintegration</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*ter"</hw> (r?`?n*t?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
inter again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*ter"ro*gate</hw> (-t?r"r?*g?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To interrogate again; to question repeatedly.</def>
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*throne"</hw> (-thr?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Re&euml;nthrone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*thron"ize</hw> (-?z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
enthrone again.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*in`tro*duce"</hw> (r?*?n`tr?*d?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To introduce again.</def> -- <wf>Re*in`tro*duc"tion</wf> (-
d&?;k"sh&?;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*vest"</hw> (r?`?n*v?st"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
invest again or anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*ves"ti*gate</hw> (-v?s"t?*g?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To investigate again.</def> -- <wf>Re`in*ves`ti*ga"tion</wf> (-
g&?;"sh&?;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*vest"ment</hw> (-v?st"m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of investing anew; a second or repeated
investment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*vig"or*ate</hw> (-v?g"?r*?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To invigorate anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`in*volve"</hw> (-v?lv"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
involve anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re`is</hw> (r?"?s or r?z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg., pl. of
<i>real</i>, an ancient Portuguese coin.] <def>The word is used as a
Portuguese designation of money of account, one hundred reis being
about equal in value to eleven cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reis</hw> (r&imacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>ra&iuml;s</i> head, chief, prince.] <def>A common title in the East
for a person in authority, especially the captain of a ship.</def>
[Written also <i>rais</i> and <i>ras</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Reis` Ef*fen"di</hw> (r?s` ?f*f?n"d?). [See 2d <u>Reis</u>,
and <u>Effendi</u>.] <def>A title formerly given to one of the chief
Turkish officers of state.  He was chancellor of the empire,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reiss"ner's mem"brane</hw> (r?s"n?rz m?m"br?n). [Named from E.
<i>Reissner</i>, A German anatomist.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The thin
membrane which separates the canal of the cochlea from the vestibular
scala in the internal ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*is"su*a*ble</hw> (r?*?sh"?*?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being reissued.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*is"sue</hw> (r?*?sh"?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
issue a second time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*is"sue</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second or repeated
issue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reit</hw> (r?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sedge;
seaweed.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Rei"ter</hw> (r?"t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., rider.]
<def>A German cavalry soldier of the fourteenth and fifteenth
centuries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*it"er*ant</hw> (r?-?t"?r-<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Reiterate</u>.] <def>Reiterating.</def> [R.]  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*it"er*ate</hw> (-&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reiterated</u> (-
&amacr;`t&ebreve;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reiterating</u>.] [Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>iterate</i>: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;it&eacute;rer</i>, LL. <i>reiterare</i> to question
again.] <def>To repeat again and again; to say or do repeatedly;
sometimes, to repeat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That with <i>reiterated</i> crimes he might<BR>
Heap on himself damnation.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You never spoke what did become you less<BR>
Than this; which to <i>reiterate</i> were sin.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To repeat; recapitulate; rehearse.</p>

<p><hw>Re*it"er*ate</hw> (-?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reiterated;
repeated.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*it"er*a`ted*ly</hw> (-?`t?d-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Repeatedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*it`er*a"tion</hw> (-?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;it&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>The act of reiterating; that
which is reiterated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*it"er*a*tive</hw> (r?-?t"?r-?-t?v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word expressing repeated or
reiterated action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A word formed from another, or used to form
another, by repetition; as, <i>dillydally</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reiv"er</hw> (r?v"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Reaver</u>.</def>  <i>Ruskin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ject"</hw> (r?-j?kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rejected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rejecting</u>.] [L. <i>rejectus</i>, p. p. of <i>reicere</i>,
<i>rejicere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>jacere</i> to throw: cf. F.
<i>rejeter</i>, formerly also spelt <i>rejecter</i>. See <u>Jet</u> a
shooting forth.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cast from one; to throw away; to
discard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore all this exercise of hunting . . . the
Utopians have <i>rejected</i> to their butchers.</blockquote>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reject</i> me not from among thy
children.</blockquote> <i>Wisdom ix. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refuse to receive or to acknowledge; to
decline haughtily or harshly; to repudiate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That golden scepter which thou didst
<i>reject</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Because thou hast <i>rejected</i> knowledge, I will
also <i>reject</i> thee, that thou shalt be no priest to
me.</blockquote> <i>Hos. iv. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To refuse to grant; as, to <i>reject</i> a
prayer or request.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To repel; renounce; discard; rebuff; refuse;
decline.</p>

<p><hw>Re*ject"a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being, or that ought to be, rejected.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*jec`ta*men"ta</hw> (r?-j?k`t?-m?n"ta), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>rejectare</i>, v. intens. fr.
<i>rejicere</i>. See <u>Reject</u>.] <def>Things thrown out or away;
especially, things excreted by a living organism.</def>  <i>J.
Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`jec*ta"ne*ous</hw> (r?`j?k-t?"n?-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>rejectaneus</i>.] <def>Not chosen or received; rejected.</def>
[Obs.] "Profane, <i>rejectaneous</i>, and reprobate people."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ject"er</hw> (r?-j?kt"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rejects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*jec"tion</hw> (r?-j?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rejectio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;jection</i>.] <def>Act of
rejecting, or state of being rejected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`jec*ti"tious</hw> (r?`j?k-t?sh"?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Implying or requiring rejection; rejectable.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ject"ive</hw> (r?-j?kt"?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Rejecting, or tending to reject.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ject"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act
of rejecting; matter rejected, or thrown away.</def>
<i>Eaton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*joice"</hw> (r&esl;*jois"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rejoiced</u> (-joist"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rejoicing</u> (-joi"s?ng).] [OE.
<i>rejoissen</i>, OF. <i>resjouir</i>, <i>resjoir</i>, F.
<i>r&eacute;jouir</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + OF, <i>esjouir</i>,
<i>esjoir</i>, F. <i>&eacute;jouir</i>, to rejoice; pref. <i>es-</i>
(L. <i>ex-</i>) + OF. <i>jouir</i>, <i>joir</i>, F. <i>jouir</i>, from
L. <i>gaudere</i> to rejoice. See <u>Joy</u>.] <def>To feel joy; to
experience gladness in a high degree; to have pleasurable
satisfaction; to be delighted.</def> "O, <i>rejoice</i> beyond a
common joy."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will be glad and <i>rejoice</i> in thy
mercy.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxi. 7.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To delight; joy; exult; triumph.</p>

<p><hw>Re*joice"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To enjoy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Peacock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give joy to; to make joyful; to
gladden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I me <i>rejoysed</i> of my liberty.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While she, great saint, <i>rejoices</i>
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Were he [Cain] alive, it would <i>rejoice</i> his soul
to see what mischief it had made.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To please; cheer; exhilarate; delight.</p>

<p><hw>Re*joice"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
rejoicing.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*joice"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Rejoicing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*joi"cer</hw> (r?-joi"s?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rejoices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*joi"cing</hw> (-s?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Joy; gladness; delight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We should particularly express our <i>rejoicing</i> by
love and charity to our neighbors.</blockquote> <i>R. Nelson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The expression of joy or
gladness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The voice of <i>rejoicing</i> and salvation is in the
tabernacles of the righteous.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxviii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which causes to rejoice; occasion of
joy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy testimonies have I taken as an heritage forever,
for they are the <i>rejoicing</i> of my heart.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
cxix. 111.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*joi"cing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With joi or
exultation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*join"</hw> (r?-join"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rejoined</u> (-joind"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rejoining</u>.] [F. <i>rejoindre</i>; pref. <i>re-</i>
re- + <i>joindre</i> to join. See <u>Join</u>, and cf.
<u>Rejoinder</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To join again; to unite
after separation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come, or go, again into the presence of;
to join the company of again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Meet and <i>rejoin</i> me, in the pensive
grot.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To state in reply; -- followed by an object
clause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*join"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To answer to a reply.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To answer, as the defendant to
the plaintiff's replication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*join"der</hw> (-d?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From F.
<i>rejoindre</i>, inf., to join again. See <u>Rejoin</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An answer to a reply; or, in general, an
answer or reply.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The defendant's answer to the
plaintiff's replication.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reply; answer; replication. See <u>Reply</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*join"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
rejoinder.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Re*join"dure</hw> (-d&usl;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
joining again.</def> [Obs.] "Beguiles our lips of all
<i>rejoindure</i>" (i.e., kisses).  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*joint"</hw> (r&esl;-joint"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reunite the joints of; to joint anew.</def>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically <i>(Arch.)</i>, to fill up the
joints of, as stones in buildings when the mortar has been dislodged
by age and the action of the weather.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1213 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*jolt"</hw> (r?-j?lt"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A reacting
jolt or shock; a rebound or recoil.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These inward <i>rejolts</i> and recoilings of the
mind.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*jolt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To jolt or shake
again.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*journ"</hw> (r?-j?rn"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;ajourner</i>. See <u>Adjourn</u>.] <def>To adjourn; to put
off.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*journ"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Adjournment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*judge"</hw> (r?-j?j"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To judge
again; to re&euml;xamine; to review; to call to a new trial and
decision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rejudge</i> his acts, and dignify
disgrace.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ju"ve*nate</hw> (r?-j?"v?-n?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>re-</i> re- + L. <i>juventis</i> young, youthful.] <def>To
render young again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ju`ve*na"tion</hw> (-n?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Rejuvenescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ju`ve*nes"cence</hw> (-n?s"s<i>e</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A renewing of youth; the
state of being or growing young again.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A method of cell formation in
which the entire protoplasm of an old cell escapes by rupture of the
cell wall, and then develops a new cell wall. It is seen sometimes in
the formation of zo&ouml;spores, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ju`ve*nes"cen*cy</hw> (-s<i>e</i>n-s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Rejuvenescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ju`ve*nes"cent</hw> (-s<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Becoming, or causing to become, rejuvenated;
rejuvenating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ju`ve*nize</hw> (r?-j?"v?-n?z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To rejuvenate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*kin"dle</hw> (r?-k?n"d'l), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To kindle again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rek"ne</hw> (r?k"n<i>e</i>), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
reckon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lade"</hw> (r&emacr;*l&amacr;d"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To lade or load again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*laid"</hw> (r&emacr;*l&amacr;d"), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Relay</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*lais"</hw> (r<i>e</i>*l&asl;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
See <u>Relay</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A narrow
space between the foot of the rampart and the scarp of the ditch,
serving to receive the earth that may crumble off or be washed down,
and prevent its falling into the ditch.</def>  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*land"</hw> (r?-l?nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To land
again; to put on land, as that which had been shipped or
embarked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*land"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go on shore
after having embarked; to land again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lapse"</hw> (r?-l?ps"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Relapsed</u> (-l?pst"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Relapsing</u>.] [L. <i>relapsus</i>, p. p.
of <i>relabi</i> to slip back, to relapse; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>labi</i> to fall, slip, slide. See <u>Lapse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To slip or slide back, in a literal sense; to
turn back.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To slide or turn back into a former state
or practice; to fall back from some condition attained; -- generally
in a bad sense, as from a state of convalescence or amended condition;
as, to <i>relapse</i> into a stupor, into vice, or into barbarism; --
sometimes in a good sense; as, to <i>relapse</i> into slumber after
being disturbed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That task performed, [preachers] <i>relapse</i> into
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>To fall from Christian
faith into paganism, heresy, or unbelief; to backslide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They enter into the justified state, and so continue
all along, unless they <i>relapse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lapse"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For sense 2 cf. F.
<i>relaps</i>. See <u>Relapse</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sliding or falling back, especially into a
former bad state, either of body or morals; backsliding; the state of
having fallen back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alas! from what high hope to what <i>relapse</i><BR>
Unlooked for are we fallen!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has relapsed, or fallen back, into
error; a backslider; specifically, one who, after recanting error,
returns to it again.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*laps"er</hw> (-l?ps"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
relapses.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*laps"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked by a
relapse; falling back; tending to return to a former worse
state.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Relapsing fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an acute,
epidemic, contagious fever, which prevails also endemically in
Ireland, Russia, and some other regions. It is marked by one or two
remissions of the fever, by articular and muscular pains, and by the
presence, during the paroxism of spiral bacterium
(<i>Spiroch&aelig;te</i>) in the blood. It is not usually fatal.
Called also <i>famine fever</i>, and <i>recurring fever</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*late"</hw> (r?-l?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Related</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Relating</u>.] [F. <i>relater</i> to recount, LL. <i>relatare</i>,
fr. L.  <i>relatus</i>, used as p. p. of <i>referre</i>. See
<u>Elate</u>, and cf. <u>Refer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring
back; to restore.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote> Abate your zealous haste, till morrow next again<BR>
Both light of heaven and strength of men <i>relate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refer; to ascribe, as to a source.</def>
[Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To recount; to narrate; to tell
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This heavy act with heavy heart
<i>relate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To ally by connection or kindred.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To relate one's self</b></col>, <cd>to vent thoughts in
words.</cd> [R.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To tell; recite; narrate; recount; rehearse; report;
detail; describe.</p>

<p><hw>Re*late"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To stand in some relation; to have bearing or concern; to
pertain; to refer; -- with <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All negative or privative words <i>relate</i> positive
ideas.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make reference; to take account.</def>
[R.& Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Reckoning by the years of their own consecration
without <i>relating</i> to any imperial account.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lat"ed</hw> (-l?t"?d), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Allied by kindred; connected by blood or
alliance, particularly by consanguinity; as, persons <i>related</i> in
the first or second degree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Standing in relation or connection; as, the
electric and magnetic forcec are closely <i>related</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Narrated; told.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Relative</u>,
4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lat"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
condition of being related; relationship; affinity.</def> [R.]
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lat"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who relates
or narrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*la"tion</hw> (r?-l?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>relation</i>, L.  <i>relatio</i>. See <u>Relate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of relating or telling; also, that
which is related; recital; account; narration; narrative; as, the
<i>relation</i> of historical events.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;oet's <i>relation</i> doth well
figure them.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being related or of referring;
what is apprehended as appertaining to a being or quality, by
considering it in its bearing upon something else; relative quality or
condition; the being such and such with regard or respect to some
other thing; connection; as, the <i>relation</i> of experience to
knowledge; the <i>relation</i> of master to servant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any sort of connection which is perceived or imagined
between two or more things, or any comparison which is made by the
mind, is a <i>relation</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Reference; respect; regard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have been importuned to make some observations on
this art in <i>relation</i> to its agreement with poetry.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Connection by consanguinity or affinity;
kinship; relationship; as, the <i>relation</i> of parents and
children.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Relations</i> dear, and all the charities<BR>
Of father, son, and brother, first were known.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A person connected by cosanguinity or
affinity; a relative; a kinsman or kinswoman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For me . . . my <i>relation</i> does not care a
rush.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
carrying back, and giving effect or operation to, an act or proceeding
frrom some previous date or time, by a sort of fiction, as if it had
happened or begun at that time. In such case the act is said to take
effect by <i>relation</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act of a
relator at whose instance a suit is begun.</def>  <i>Wharton.
Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Recital; rehearsal; narration; account; narrative;
tale; detail; description; kindred; kinship; consanguinity; affinity;
kinsman; kinswoman.</p>

<p><hw>Re*la"tion*al</hw> (r?-l?"sh?n-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having relation or kindred; related.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We might be tempted to take these two nations for
<i>relational stems</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indicating or specifying some
relation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Relational</i> words, as prepositions, auxiliaries,
etc.</blockquote> <i>R. Morris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*la"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A relative; a
relation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*la"tion*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being related by kindred, affinity, or other alliance.</def>
<i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rel"a*tive</hw> (r?l"?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>relatif</i>, L. <i>relativus</i>. See <u>Relate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having relation or reference; referring;
respecting; standing in connection; pertaining; as, arguments not
<i>relative</i> to the subject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll have grounds<BR>
More <i>relative</i> than this.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Arising from relation; resulting from
connection with, or reference to, something else; not
absolute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every thing sustains both an absolute and a
<i>relative</i> capacity: an absolute, as it is such a thing, endued
with such a nature; and a <i>relative</i>, as it is a part of the
universe, and so stands in such a relations to the whole.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Indicating or expressing
relation; refering to an antecedent; as, a <i>relative</i>
pronoun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Characterizing or pertaining
to chords and keys, which, by reason of the identify of some of their
tones, admit of a natural transition from one to the other.</def>
<i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Relative clause</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a clause
introduced by a relative pronoun.</cd> -- <col><b>Relative
term</b></col>, <cd>a term which implies relation to, as guardian to
ward, matter to servant, husband to wife.  Cf.
<u>Correlative</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rel"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, relates to, or is considered in its relation to, something
else; a relative object or term; one of two object or term; one of two
objects directly connected by any relation.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A person connected by blood or affinity;
strictly, one allied by blood; a relation; a kinsman or
kinswoman.</def> "Confining our care . . . to ourselves and
<i>relatives</i>."  <i>Bp. Fell.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A relative pronoun; a word which relates to, or
represents, another word or phrase, called its <i>antecedent</i>; as,
the <i>relatives</i> "who", "which", "that".</def></p>

<p><hw>Rel"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a relative
manner; in relation or respect to something else; not
absolutely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Consider the absolute affections of any being as it is
in itself, before you consider it <i>relatively</i>.</blockquote>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rel"a*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being relative, or having relation; relativity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rel`a*tiv"i*ty</hw> (-t?v"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being relative; as, the <i>relativity</i> of a subject.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lat"or</hw> (r?-l?t"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [ L.: cf. F.
<i>relateur</i>. See <u>Relate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
relates; a relater.</def> "The several <i>relators</i> of this
history."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A private person at whose
relation, or in whose behalf, the attorney-general allows an
information in the nature of a <i>quo warranto</i> to be
filed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lat"rix</hw> (-r?ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A female relator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lax"</hw> (r?-l?ks"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Relaxed</u> (-l?kst"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Relaxing</u>.] [L. <i>relaxare</i>; pref. <i>re-</i>
re- + <i>laxare</i> to loose, to slacken, from <i>laxus</i> loose. See
<u>Lax</u>, and cf. <u>Relay</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Release</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make lax or loose; to make
less close, firm, rigid, tense, or the like; to slacken; to loosen; to
open; as, to <i>relax</i> a rope or cord; to <i>relax</i> the muscles
or sinews.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Horror . . . all his joints
<i>relaxed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor served it to <i>relax</i> their serried
files.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make less severe or rigorous; to abate
the stringency of; to remit in respect to strenuousness, earnestness,
or effort; as, to <i>relax</i> discipline; to <i>relax</i> one's
attention or endeavors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The statute of mortmain was at several times
<i>relaxed</i> by the legislature.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to relieve from attention or effort;
to ease; to recreate; to divert; as, amusement <i>relaxes</i> the
mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To relieve from constipation; to loosen; to
open; as, an aperient <i>relaxes</i> the bowels.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To slacken; loosen; loose; remit; abate; mitigate;
ease; unbend; divert.</p>

<p><hw>Re*lax"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become lax, weak, or loose; as, to let one's grasp
<i>relax</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His knees <i>relax</i> with toil.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To abate in severity; to become less
rigorous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In others she <i>relaxed</i> again,<BR>
And governed with a looser rein.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remit attention or effort; to become
less diligent; to unbend; as, to <i>relax</i> in study.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lax"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Relaxation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re**lax"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relaxed; lax; hence,
remiss; careless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lax"a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being relaxed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lax"ant</hw> (r?-l?ks"<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>relaxans</i>, p. pr. of <i>relaxare</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine that relaxes; a laxative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`lax*a"tion</hw> (r?`l?ks-?"sh?n;277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>relaxatio</i>; cf. F. <i>relaxation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of relaxing, or the state of being relaxed;
as, <i>relaxation</i> of the muscles; <i>relaxation</i> of a
law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Remission from attention and effort;
indulgence in recreation, diversion, or amusement.</def> "Hours of
careless <i>relaxation</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lax"a*tive</hw> (r?-l?ks"?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the quality of relaxing; laxative.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A relaxant.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lay"</hw> (r?-l?"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Relaid</u> (-l?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Relaying</u>.] [Pref. <i>re-</i> +  <i>lay</i>, v.]
<def>To lay again; to lay a second time; as, to <i>relay</i> a
pavement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lay"</hw> (r?-l?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>relais</i>
(cf. OF. <i>relais</i> relaxation, discontinuance, It. <i>rilascio</i>
release, relief, <i>rilasso</i> relay), fr. OF. <i>relaissier</i> to
abandon, release, fr. L. <i>relaxare</i>. See <u>Relax</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A supply of anything arranged beforehand for
affording relief from time to time, or at successive stages; provision
for successive relief.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
supply of horses placced at stations to be in readiness to relieve
others, so that a trveler may proceed without delay.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A supply of hunting dogs or horses kept in
readiness at certain places to relive the tired dogs or horses, and to
continue the pursuit of the game if it comes that way.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A number of men who relieve others in
carrying on some work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>In various forms of
telegraphic apparatus, a magnet which receives the circuit current,
and is caused by it to bring into into action the power of a local
battery for performing the work of making the record; also, a similar
device by which the current in one circuit is made to open or close
another circuit in which a current is passing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Relay battery</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>the local
battery which is brought into use by the action of the relay magnet,
or relay.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rel"bun</hw> (r?l"b?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The roots of
the Chilian plant <i>Calceolaria arachnoidea</i>, -- used for dyeing
crimson.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*leas"a*ble</hw> (r?-l?s"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>That may be released.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lease"</hw> (r?-l?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re</i> + <i>lease</i> to let.] <def>To lease again; to grant a new
lease of; to let back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lease"</hw> (r?-l?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Released</u> (r?*l?st"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Releasing</u>.] [OE. <i>relessen</i>, OF.
<i>relassier</i>, to release, to let free. See <u>Relay</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Relax</u>, and cf. <u>Release</u> to lease
again.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let loose again; to set free from
restraint, confinement, or servitude; to give liberty to, or to set at
liberty; to let go.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now at that feast he <i>released</i> unto them one
prisoner, whomsoever they desired.</blockquote> <i>Mark xv. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To relieve from something that confines,
burdens, or oppresses, as from pain, trouble, obligation,
penalty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To let go, as a legal claim;
to discharge or relinquish a right to, as lands or tenements, by
conveying to another who has some right or estate in possession, as
when the person in remainder releases his right to the tenant in
possession; to quit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To loosen; to relax; to remove the
obligation of; as, to <i>release</i> an ordinance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sacred vow that none should aye
<i>release</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To free; liberate; loose; discharge; disengage;
extricate; let go; quit; acquit.</p>

<p><hw>Re*lease"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of letting loose or freeing, or the state of being let
loose or freed; liberation or discharge from restraint of any kind, as
from confinement or bondage.</def> "Who boast'st <i>release</i> from
hell."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relief from care, pain, or any
burden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Discharge from obligation or
responsibility, as from debt, penalty, or claim of any kind;
acquittance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A giving up or relinquishment
of some right or claim; a conveyance of a man's right in lands or
tenements to another who has some estate in possession; a
quitclaim.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>The act of opening
the exhaust port to allow the steam to escape.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lease and release</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Lease</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of release</b></col>, <cd>without
cessation.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Liberation; freedom; discharge. See
<u>Death</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*leas`ee"</hw> (-?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One to whom a
release is given.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lease"ment</hw> (r?-l?s"m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of releasing, as from confinement or obligation.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*leas"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
releases, or sets free.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*leas"or</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One by whom a
release is given.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rel"e*gate</hw> (r?l"?-g?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Relegated</u> (-g?`t?d); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Relegating</u>.] [L. <i>relegatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>relegare</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>legare</i> to send with
a commission or charge. See <u>Legate</u>.] <def>To remove, usually to
an inferior position; to consign; to transfer; specifically, to send
into exile; to banish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [the Latin language] was <i>relegated</i> into the
study of the scholar.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rel`e*ga"tion</hw> (-g?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>relegatio</i>: cf. F. <i>rel&eacute;gation</i>.] <def>The act of
relegating, or the state of being relegated; removal; banishment;
exile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lent"</hw> (r?-l?nt"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Relented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Relenting</u>.] [F. <i>ralentir</i>, fr. L. pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>ad</i> to + <i>lentus</i> pliant, flexible, slow. See
<u>Lithe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become less rigid or hard;
to yield; to dissolve; to melt; to deliquesce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He stirred the coals till <i>relente</i> gan<BR>
The wax again the fire.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Salt of tartar] placed in a cellar will . . . begin to
<i>relent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When opening buds salute the welcome day,<BR>
And earth, <i>relenting</i>, feels the genial ray.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become less severe or intense; to become
less hard, harsh, cruel, or the like; to soften in temper; to become
more mild and tender; to feel compassion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can you . . . behold<BR>
My sighs and tears, and will not once <i>relent</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lent"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To slacken; to abate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And oftentimes he would <i>relent</i> his
pace.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To soften; to dissolve.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mollify ; to cause to be less harsh or
severe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 1214 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*lent"</hw> (r?-l?nt"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stay; stop;
delay.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor rested till she came without <i>relent</i><BR>
Unto the land of Amazons.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lent"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unmoved by appeals
for sympathy or forgiveness; insensible to the distresses of others;
destitute of tenderness; unrelenting; unyielding; unpitying; as, a
prey to <i>relentless</i> despotism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For this the avenging power employs his darts, . .
.<BR>
Thus will persist, <i>relentless</i> in his ire.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*lent"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*lent"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*lent"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act or process of relenting; the state of having relented.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lesse"</hw> (r?-l?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
release.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`les*see"</hw> (r?`l?s-s?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Releasee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`les*sor"</hw> (-s?r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Releasor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re-let"</hw> (r?-l?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To let
anew, as a house.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rel"e*vance</hw> (r?l"?*v<i>a</i>ns), <hw>Rel"e*van*cy</hw>
(-v<i>a</i>n*s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being relevant; pertinency;
applicability.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Its answer little meaning, little <i>relevancy</i>
bore.</blockquote> <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>Sufficiency to infer the
conclusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rel"e*vant</hw> (-v<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>relevant</i>, p. pr. of <i>relever</i> to raise again, to relieve.
See <u>Relieve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relieving; lending aid or
support.</def> [R.]  <i>Pownall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bearing upon, or properly applying to, the
case in hand; pertinent; applicable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Close and <i>relevant</i> arguments have very little
hold on the passions.</blockquote> <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>Sufficient to support
the cause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rel"e*vant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a relevant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rel`e*va"tion</hw> (-v?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>relevatio</i>, fr. <i>relevare</i>. See <u>Relieve</u>.] <def>A
raising or lifting up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*li`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (r?-l?`?-b?l"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The state or quality of being reliable; reliableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*li"a*ble</hw> (r?-l?"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Suitable or fit to be relied on; worthy of dependance or
reliance; trustworthy.</def> "A <i>reliable</i> witness to the truth
of the miracles."  <i>A. Norton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The best means, and most <i>reliable</i> pledge, of a
higher object.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>According to General Livingston's humorous account, his
own village of Elizabethtown was not much more <i>reliable</i>, being
peopled in those agitated times by "unknown, unrecommended strangers,
guilty-looking Tories, and very knavish Whigs."</blockquote> <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Some authors take exception to this word, maintaining that
it is unnecessary, and irregular in formation. It is, however,
sanctioned by the practice of many careful writers as a most
convenient substitute for the phrase <i>to be relied upon</i>, and a
useful synonym for <i>trustworthy</i>, which is by preference applied
to persons, as <i>reliable</i> is to things, such as an account,
statement, or the like. The objection that adjectives derived from
neuter verbs do not admit of a passive sense is met by the citation of
<i>laughable</i>, worthy of being laughed <i>at</i>, from the neuter
verb <i>to laugh</i>; <i>available</i>, fit or able to be availed
<i>of</i>, from the neuter verb <i>to avail</i>; <i>dispensable</i>,
capable of being dispensed <i>with</i>, from the neuter verb <i>to
dispense</i>. Other examples might be added.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*li"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*li"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*li"ance</hw> (-<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Rely</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of relying, or the
condition or quality of being reliant; dependence; confidence; trust;
repose of mind upon what is deemed sufficient support or
authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>reliance</i> on promises which proved to be of
very little value.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything on which to rely; dependence;
ground of trust; as, the boat was a poor <i>reliance</i>.</def>
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*li"ant</hw> (-<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having,
or characterized by, reliance; confident; trusting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rel"ic</hw> (r?l"?k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>relique</i>,
from L. <i>reliquiae</i>, pl., akin to <i>relinquere</i> to leave
behind. See <u>Relinquish</u>.] [Formerly written also
<i>relique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which remains; that
which is left after loss or decay; a remaining portion; a
remnant.</def>  <i>Chaucer. Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>relics</i> of lost innocence.</blockquote>
<i>Kebe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fragments, scraps, the bits and greasy
<i>relics</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The body from which the soul has departed;
a corpse; especially, the body, or some part of the body, of a
deceased saint or martyr; -- usually in the plural when referring to
the whole body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are very few treasuries of <i>relics</i> in Italy
that have not a tooth or a bone of this saint.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>relics</i>, Rowe, to this fair urn we trust,<BR>
And sacred place by Dryden's awful dust.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a memorial; anything preserved in
remembrance; as, <i>relics</i> of youthful days or
friendships.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pearls were spilt;<BR>
Some lost, some stolen, some as <i>relics</i> kept.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rel"ic*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of
relics.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rel"ict</hw> (-?kt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>relicta</i>,
fr. of <i>relictus</i>, p. p. of <i>relinquere</i> to leave behind.
See <u>Relinquish</u>.] <def>A woman whose husband is dead; a
widow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eli dying without issue, Jacob was obliged by law to
marry his <i>relict</i>, and so to raise up seed to his brother
Eli.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lict"ed</hw> (r?-l?kt"?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>relictus</i>, p. p.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Left uncovered, as land by
recession of water.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lic"tion</hw> (r?-l?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>relictio</i> a leaving behind.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A leaving dry; a
recession of the sea or other water, leaving dry land; land left
uncovered by such recession.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lief"</hw> (r?-l?f"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>relef</i>, F. <i>relief</i>, properly, a lifting up, a standing
out. See <u>Relieve</u>, and cf. <u>Basrelief</u>, <u>Rilievi</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of relieving, or the state of being
relieved; the removal, or partial removal, of any evil, or of anything
oppressive or burdensome, by which some ease is obtained; succor;
alleviation; comfort; ease; redress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sees the dire contagion spread so fast,<BR>
That, where it seizes, all <i>relief</i> is vain.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Release from a post, or from the
performance of duty, by the intervention of others, by discharge, or
by relay; as, a <i>relief</i> of a sentry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For this <i>relief</i> much thanks; 'tis bitter
cold.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which removes or lessens evil, pain,
discomfort, uneasiness, etc.; that which gives succor, aid, or
comfort; also, the person who relieves from performance of duty by
taking the place of another; a relay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>A fine or composition
which the heir of a deceased tenant paid to the lord for the privilege
of taking up the estate, which, on strict feudal principles, had
lapsed or fallen to the lord on the death of the tenant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Sculp. &amp; Arch.)</i> <def>The projection of a
figure above the ground or plane on which it is formed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Relief</i> is of three kinds, namely, <i>high relief</i>
(<i>altorilievo</i>), <i>low relief</i>, (<i>basso-rilievo</i>), and
<i>demirelief</i> (<i>mezzo-rilievo</i>). See these terms in the
Vocabulary.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>The appearance of
projection given by shading, shadow, etc., to any figure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The height to which works
are raised above the bottom of the ditch.</def>  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Physical Geog.)</i> <def>The elevations and
surface undulations of a country.</def>  <i>Guyot.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Relief valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve arranged for relieving
pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; an escape valve.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Alleviation; mitigation; aid; help; succor;
assistance; remedy; redress; indemnification.</p>

<p><hw>Re*lief"ful</hw> (r?-l?f"f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving
relief.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*lief"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
relief; also, remediless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*li"er</hw> (r?-l?"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Rely</u>.] <def>One who relies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*liev"a*ble</hw> (r?-l?v"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being relieved; fitted to recieve relief.</def>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lieve"</hw> (r?-l?v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Relieved</u> (-l?vd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Relieving</u>.] [OE. <i>releven</i>, F. <i>relever</i>
to raise again, discharge, relieve, fr. L. <i>relevare</i> to lift up,
raise, make light, relieve; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>levare</i> to
raise, fr. <i>levis</i> light. See <u>Levity</u>, and cf.
<u>Relevant</u>, <u>Relief</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lift up;
to raise again, as one who has fallen; to cause to rise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to seem to rise; to put in relief;
to give prominence or conspicuousness to; to set off by
contrast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her tall figure <i>relieved</i> against the blue sky;
seemed almost of supernatural height.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To raise up something in; to introduce a
contrast or variety into; to remove the monotony or sameness
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The poet must . . . sometimes <i>relieve</i> the
subject with a moral reflection.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To raise or remove, as anything which
depresses, weighs down, or crushes; to render less burdensome or
afflicting; to alleviate; to abate; to mitigate; to lessen; as, to
<i>relieve</i> pain; to <i>relieve</i> the wants of the
poor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To free, wholly or partly, from any burden,
trial, evil, distress, or the like; to give ease, comfort, or
consolation to; to give aid, help, or succor to; to support,
strengthen, or deliver; as, to <i>relieve</i> a besieged
town.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now lend assistance and <i>relieve</i> the
poor.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To release from a post, station, or duty;
to put another in place of, or to take the place of, in the bearing of
any burden, or discharge of any duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who hath <i>relieved</i> you?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To ease of any imposition, burden, wrong,
or oppression, by judicial or legislative interposition, as by the
removal of a grievance, by indemnification for losses, or the like; to
right.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To alleviate; assuage; succor; assist; aid; help;
support; substain; ease; mitigate; lighten; diminish; remove; free;
remedy; redress; indemnify.</p>

<p><hw>Re*lieve"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of relieving, or the state of being relieved; relief;
release.</def> [Archaic.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*liev"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, relieves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*liev"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving or tending
to relieve.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Relieving arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a discharging
arch. See under <u>Discharge</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Relieving tackle</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A temporary tackle attached to the tiller of a vessel during gales
or an action, in case of accident to the tiller ropes</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A strong tackle from a wharf to a careened
vessel, to prevent her from going over entirely, and to assist in
righting her.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i>  <i>Craig.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Re*lie"vo</hw> (r?-l?"v?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>rilievo</i>.] <def>See <u>Relief</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*light"</hw> (r?-l?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To light
or kindle anew.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Re*li`gi`euse"</hw> (r<i>e</i>-l?`zh?`?z"), <pos><i>n.
f.</i></pos> <hw>||Re*li`gi`eux"</hw> (r<i>e</i>-l?`zh?`?"),
<pos><i>n. m.</i></pos> } [F.] <def>A person bound by monastic vows; a
nun; a monk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*li"gion</hw> (r&esl;*l&ibreve;j"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L. <i>religio</i>; cf. <i>religens</i>
pious, revering the gods, Gr. <grk>'ale`gein</grk> to heed, have a
care.  Cf. <u>Neglect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The outward act or
form by which men indicate their recognition of the existence of a god
or of gods having power over their destiny, to whom obedience,
service, and honor are due; the feeling or expression of human love,
fear, or awe of some superhuman and overruling power, whether by
profession of belief, by observance of rites and ceremonies, or by the
conduct of life; a system of faith and worship; a manifestation of
piety; as, ethical <i>religions</i>; monotheistic <i>religions</i>;
natural <i>religion</i>; revealed <i>religion</i>; the <i>religion</i>
of the Jews; the <i>religion</i> of idol worshipers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An orderly life so far as others are able to observe us
is now and then produced by prudential motives or by dint of habit;
but without seriousness there can be no religious principle at the
bottom, no course of conduct from religious motives; in a word, there
can be no <i>religion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Religion</i> [was] not, as too often now, used as
equivalent for godliness; but . . . it expressed the outer form and
embodiment which the inward spirit of a true or a false devotion
assumed.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Religions</i>, by which are meant the modes of
divine worship proper to different tribes, nations, or communities,
and based on the belief held in common by the members of them
severally.  . . .  There is no living <i>religion</i> without
something like a doctrine.  On the other hand, a doctrine, however
elaborate, does not constitute a <i>religion</i>.</blockquote> <i>C.
P. Tiele (Encyc. Brit.).</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Religion</i> . . . means the conscious relation
between man and God, and the expression of that relation in human
conduct.</blockquote> <i>J. K&ouml;stlin (Schaff-Herzog
Encyc.)</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After the most straitest sect of our <i>religion</i> I
lived a Pharisee.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvi. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The image of a brute, adorned<BR>
With gay <i>religions</i> full of pomp and gold.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, conformity in faith and life
to the precepts inculcated in the Bible, respecting the conduct of
life and duty toward God and man; the Christian faith and
practice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us with caution indulge the supposition that
morality can be maintained without <i>religion</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Religion</i> will attend you . . . as a pleasant and
useful companion in every proper place, and every temperate occupation
of life.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A monastic or religious
order subject to a regulated mode of life; the religious state; as, to
enter <i>religion</i>.</def>  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A good man was there of <i>religion</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Strictness of fidelity in conforming to any
practice, as if it were an enjoined rule of conduct.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those parts of pleading which in ancient times might
perhaps be material, but at this time are become only mere styles and
forms, are still continued with much <i>religion</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Religion</i>, as distinguished from <i>theology</i>, is
subjective, designating the feelings and acts of men which relate to
God; while <i>theology</i> is objective, and denotes those ideas which
man entertains respecting the God whom he worships, especially his
systematized views of God. As distinguished from <i>morality</i>,
<i>religion</i> denotes the influences and motives to human duty which
are found in the character and will of God, while <i>morality</i>
describes the duties to man, to which true <i>religion</i> always
influences. As distinguished from <i>piety</i>, <i>religion</i> is a
high sense of moral obligation and spirit of reverence or worship
which affect the heart of man with respect to the Deity, while
<i>piety</i>, which first expressed the feelings of a child toward a
parent, is used for that filial sentiment of veneration and love which
we owe to the Father of all. As distinguished from <i>sanctity</i>,
<i>religion</i> is the means by which <i>sanctity</i> is achieved,
<i>sanctity</i> denoting primarily that purity of heart and life which
results from habitual communion with God, and a sense of his continual
presence.</p>

<p><col><b>Natural religion</b></col>, <cd>a religion based upon the
evidences of a God and his qualities, which is supplied by natural
phenomena. See <i>Natural theology</i>, under <u>Natural</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Religion of humanity</b></col>, <cd>a name sometimes given to
a religion founded upon positivism as a philosophical basis.</cd> --
<col><b>Revealed religion</b></col>, <cd>that which is based upon
direct communication of God's will to mankind; especially, the
Christian religion, based on the revelations recorded in the Old and
New Testaments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*li"gion*a*ry</hw> (r?-l?j"?n-?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to religion; pious; as, <i>religionary</i>
professions.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*li"gion*a*ry</hw>, <hw>Re*li"gion*er</hw> (-?r), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A religionist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*li"gion*ism</hw> (-?z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The practice of, or devotion to,
religion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affectation or pretense of
religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*li"gion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One earnestly
devoted or attached to a religion; a religious zealot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The chief actors on one side were, and were to be, the
Puritan <i>religionists</i>.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It might be that an Antinomian, a Quaker, or other
heterodo&?; <i>religionists</i>, was to be scourged out of the
town.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*li"gion*ize</hw> (-?z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
bring under the influence of religion.</def> [R.]  <i>Mallock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*li"gion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lig`i*os"i*ty</hw> (-l?j`?-?s"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>religiositas</i>: cf. F. <i>religiosit&?;</i>.] <def>The
quality of being religious; religious feeling or sentiment;
religiousness.</def> [R.]  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*li"gious</hw> (r?-l?j"?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>religius</i>, <i>religious</i>, F. <i>religieux</i>, from L.
<i>religiosus</i>. See <u>Religion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to religion; concerned with religion; teaching, or setting
forth, religion; set apart to religion; as, a <i>religious</i>
society; a <i>religious</i> sect; a <i>religious</i> place;
<i>religious</i> subjects, books, teachers, houses, wars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our law forbids at their <i>religious</i> rites<BR>
My presence.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessing, or conforming to, religion;
pious; godly; as, a <i>religious</i> man, life, behavior,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men whose lives<BR>
<i>Religious</i> titled them the sons of God.</blockquote>
<i>Mlton</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Scrupulously faithful or exact;
strict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus, Indianlike,<BR>
<i>Religious</i> in my error, I adore<BR>
The sun, that looks upon his worshiper.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to a religious order; bound by
vows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of them is <i>religious</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pious; godly; holy; devout; devotional;
conscientious; strict; rogod; exact.</p>

<p><hw>Re*li"gious</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person bound by
monastic vows, or sequestered from secular concern, and devoted to a
life of piety and religion; a monk or friar; a nun.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*li"gious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a religious
manner.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*li"gious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being religious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rel"ik</hw> (r?l"?k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Relic.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lin"quent</hw> (r?-l?n"kw<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>relinquens</i>, p. pr. of <i>relinqquere</i>. See
<u>Relinquish</u>.] <def>Relinquishing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*lin"quent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
relinquishes.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*lin"quish</hw> (-kw?sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Relinquished</u> (-kw?sht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Relinquishing</u>.] [OF.
<i>relinquir</i>, L. <i>relinquere</i> to leave behind; pref. <i>re-
</i> re + <i>linquere</i> to leave. See <u>Loan</u>, and cf.
<u>Relic</u>, <u>Relict</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw from; to leave behind; to
desist from; to abandon; to quit; as, to <i>relinquish</i> a
pursuit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We ought to <i>relinquish</i> such rites.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They placed Irish tenants upon the lands
<i>relinquished</i> by the English.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give up; to renounce a claim to; resign;
as, to <i>relinquish</i> a debt.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To resign; leave; quit; forsake; abandon; desert;
renounce; forb&?;ar; forego. See <u>Resign</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*lin"quish*er</hw> (-r?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
relinquishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lin"quish*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of relinquishing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rel"i*qua*ry</hw> (r?l"?-kw?-r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (-r&ibreve;z). [LL.
<i>reliquiarium</i>, <i>reliquiare</i>: cf. F. <i>reliquaire</i>. See
<u>Relic</u>.] <def>A depositary, often a small box or casket, in
which relics are kept.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lique"</hw> (r?-l?k"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Relic</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Re*liq"ui*&aelig;</hw> (r?-l?k"w?-?), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Relic</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Remains of the dead; organic remains;
relics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Induvi&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1215 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*liq"ui*an</hw> (r?-l?k"w?-<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to a relic or relics; of the nature of a
relic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*liq"ui*date</hw> (r?-l?k"w?-d?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To liquidate anew; to adjust a second time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*liq`ui*da"tion</hw> (-d&fist;"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A second or renewed liquidation; a renewed adjustment.</def>
<i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rel"ish</hw> (r?l"?sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Relished</u> (-&?;sht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Relishing</u>.] [Of. <i>relechier</i> to lick or taste
anew; pref. <i>re-</i> re-+ <i>lechier</i> to lick, F.
<i>l&?;cher</i>. See <u>Lecher</u>, <u>Lick</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To taste or eat with pleasure; to like the flavor of; to partake
of with gratification; hence, to enjoy; to be pleased with or
gratified by; to experience pleasure from; as, to <i>relish</i>
food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now I begin to <i>relish</i> thy advice.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He knows how to prize his advantages, and to
<i>relish</i> the honors which he enjoys.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a relish to; to cause to taste
agreeably.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A savory bit that served to <i>relish</i>
wine.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rel"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have a pleasing
or appetizing taste; to give gratification; to have a
flavor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had I been the finder-out of this secret, it would not
have <i>relished</i> among my other discredits.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A theory, which, how much soever it may <i>relish</i>
of wit and invention, hath no foundation in nature.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rel"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
pleasing taste; flavor that gratifies the palate; hence, enjoyable
quality; power of pleasing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Much pleasure we have lost while we abstained<BR>
From this delightful fruit, nor known till now<BR>
True <i>relish</i>, tasting.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When liberty is gone,<BR>
Life grows insipid, and has lost its <i>relish</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Savor; quality; characteristic
tinge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It preserve some <i>relish</i> of old
writing.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A taste for; liking; appetite;
fondness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>relish</i> for whatever was excelent in
arts.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a <i>relish</i> for moderate praise, because it
bids fair to be j&?;dicious.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is used to impart a flavor;
specifically, something taken with food to render it more palatable or
to stimulate the appetite; a condiment.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Taste; savor; flavor; appetite; zest; gusto; liking;
delight.</p>

<p><hw>Rel"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>The
projection or shoulder at the side of, or around, a tenon, on a
tenoned piece.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rel"ish*a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being relished; agreeable to the taste; gratifying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*live"</hw> (r?-l?v"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To live
again; to revive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*live"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To recall to life;
to revive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*load"</hw> (r?-l?d"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To load
again, as a gun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*loan"</hw> (r?-l?n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second
lending of the same thing; a renewal of a loan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lo"cate</hw> (r?-l?"k?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
locate again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`lo*ca"tion</hw> (r?`l&fist;-k?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A second location.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Roman &amp; Scots Law)</i> <def>Renewal of a
lease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lodge"</hw> (r?-l?j"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lodge
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*love"</hw> (-l?v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To love in
return.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lu"cent</hw> (r?-l?"s<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>relucens</i>, p. pr. <i>relucere</i>. See <u>Lucent</u>.]
<def>Reflecting light; shining; glittering; glistening; bright;
luminous; splendid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gorgeous banners to the sun expand<BR>
Their streaming volumes of <i>relucent</i> gold.</blockquote>
<i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*luct"</hw> (r?-l?kt"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reluctari</i>, p. p. <i>reluctatus</i>, to struggle; pref. <i>re-
</i> re- + <i>luctari</i> to struggle, fr. <i>lucia</i> a wresting.]
<def>To strive or struggle against anything; to make resistance; to
draw back; to feel or show repugnance or reluctance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Apt to <i>reluct</i> at the excesses of it
[passion].</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*luc"tance</hw> (r?-l?k"t<i>a</i>ns),
<hw>Re*luc"tan*cy</hw> (-t<i>a</i>n-s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Reluctant</u>.] <def>The state or quality of being reluctant;
repugnance; aversion of mind; unwillingness; -- often followed by an
infinitive, or by <i>to</i> and a noun, formerly sometimes by
<i>against</i>.</def> "Tempering the severity of his looks with a
<i>reluctance</i> to the action."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had some <i>reluctance</i> to obey the
summons.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bear witness, Heaven, with what <i>reluctancy</i><BR>
Her helpless innocence I doom to die.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> See <u>Dislike</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*luc"tant</hw> (-t<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reluctans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>reluctari</i>. See
<u>Reluct</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Striving against; opposed in
desire; unwilling; disinclined; loth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reluctant</i>, but in vain.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reluctant</i> now I touched the trembling
string.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from an unwilling mind; granted
with reluctance; as, <i>reluctant</i> obedience.</def>
<i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Averse; unwilling; loth; disinclined; repugnant;
backward; coy. See <u>Averse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*luc"tant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a reluctant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*luc"tate</hw> (-t?t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Reluct</u>.] <def>To struggle against anything; to resist; to
oppose.</def> [Obs.] "To delude their <i>reluctating</i> consciences."
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rel`uc*ta"tion</hw> (r?l`?k-t?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Repugnance; resistance; reluctance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lume"</hw> (r?-l?m"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Relumed</u> (-l?md"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reluming</u>.] [OF. <i>relumer</i> (cf. F.
<i>rallumer</i>), L. <i>reluminare</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>luminare</i> to light.  Cf. <u>Reillume</u>.] <def>To rekindle; to
light again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Relumed</i> her ancient light, not kindled
new.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know not where is that Promethean heat<BR>
That can thy light <i>relume</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*lu"mine</hw> (r?-l?"m?n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Relumined</u> (-m?nd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Relumining</u>.] [See <u>Relume</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To light anew; to rekindle.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To illuminate again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ly"</hw> (r?-l?"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Relied</u> (-l?d"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Relying</u>.] [Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>lie</i> to rest.]
<def>To rest with confidence, as when fully satisfied of the veracity,
integrity, or ability of persons, or of the certainty of facts or of
evidence; to have confidence; to trust; to depend; -- with <i>on</i>,
formerly also with <i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go in thy native innocence; <i>rely</i><BR>
On what thou hast of virtue.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On some fond breast the parting soul
<i>relies</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To trust; depend; confide; repose.</p>

<p><hw>Re*made"</hw> (r?-m?d"), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Remake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*main"</hw> (r?-m?n"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Remained</u> (-m?nd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Remaining</u>.] [OF. <i>remaindre</i>,
<i>remanoir</i>, L.  <i>remanere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>manere</i> to stay, remain. See <u>Mansion</u>, and cf.
<u>Remainder</u>, <u>Remnant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stay behind while others withdraw; to be
left after others have been removed or destroyed; to be left after a
number or quantity has been subtracted or cut off; to be left as not
included or comprised.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gather up the fragments that
<i>remain</i>.</blockquote> <i>John vi. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of whom the greater part <i>remain</i> unto this
present, but some are fallen asleep.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xv.
6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That . . . <i>remains</i> to be proved.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To continue unchanged in place, form, or
condition, or undiminished in quantity; to abide; to stay; to endure;
to last.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Remain</i> a widow at thy father's
house.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxviii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Childless thou art; childless
<i>remain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To continue; stay; wait; tarry; rest; sojourn;
dwell; abide; last; endure.</p>

<p><hw>Re*main"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To await; to be
left to.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The easier conquest now <i>remains</i>
thee.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*main"</hw> <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>State of remaining; stay.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which often, since my here <i>remain</i> in
England,<BR>
I 've seen him do.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is left; relic; remainder; --
chiefly in the plural.</def> "The <i>remains</i> of old Rome."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When this <i>remain</i> of horror has entirely
subsided.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Specif., in the plural: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>That which is left of a human being after the life is gone;
relics; a dead body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old warriors whose adored <i>remains</i><BR>
In weeping vaults her hallowed earth contains!</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The posthumous works or productions, esp.
literary works, of one who is dead; as, Cecil's</def>
<i>Remains</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*main"der</hw> (r?-m?n"d?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>remaindre</i>, inf. See <u>Remain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything that remains, or is left, after the separation and
removal of a part; residue; remnant.</def> "The last <i>remainders</i>
of unhappy Troy."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If these decoctions be repeated till the water comes
off clear, the <i>remainder</i> yields no salt.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The quantity or sum that is
left after subtraction, or after any deduction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An estate in expectancy,
generally in land, which becomes an estate in possession upon the
determination of a particular prior estate, created at the same time,
and by the same instrument; for example, if land be conveyed to A for
life, and on his death to B, A's life interest is a particuar estate,
and B's interest is a <i>remainder</i>, or <i>estate in
remainder</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Balance; rest; residue; remnant; leavings.</p>

<p><hw>Re*main"der</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Remaining; left;
left over; refuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which is as dry as the <i>remainder</i> biscuit<BR>
After a voyage.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*main"der-man</hw> (- m&abreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Remainder-men</b></plw> (-m&ebreve;n). <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who has an estate after a particular estate is determined.
See <u>Remainder</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*make"</hw> (r?-m?k"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mand"</hw> (r?-m?nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Remanded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Remanding</u>.] [F. <i>remander</i> to send word again, L.
<i>remandare</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>mandare</i> to commit,
order, send word. See <u>Mandate</u>.] <def>To recommit; to send
back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Remand</i> it to its former place.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then were they <i>remanded</i> to the cage
again.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mand"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of remanding;
the order for recommitment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mand"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
remand.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rem"a*nence</hw> (r?m"?*n<i>e</i>ns), <hw>Rem"a*nen*cy</hw>
(-n<i>e</i>n*s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>remanence</i>,
LL. <i>remanentia</i>, fr. L. <i>remanens</i>. See <u>Remanent</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The state of being remanent; continuance;
permanence.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>remanence</i> of the will in the fallen
spirit.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rem"a*nent</hw> (-n<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Remanent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>That which remains; a
remnant; a residue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rem"a*nent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>remanens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>remanere</i>. See <u>Remain</u>, and cf. <u>Remnant</u>.]
<def>Remaining; residual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That little hope that is <i>remanent</i> hath its
degree according to the infancy or growth of the habit.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Remanent magnetism</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>,
<cd>magnetism which remains in a body that has little coercive force
after the magnetizing force is withdrawn, as soft iron; -- called also
<i>residual magnetism</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Rem"a*net</hw> (-n?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., it remains.]
<i>(Legal Practice)</i> <def>A case for trial which can not be tried
during the term; a postponed case.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Re-mark"</hw> (r?-m?rk"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-
</i> + <i>mark</i>.] <def>To mark again, or a second time; to mark
anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mark"</hw> (r?-m?rk"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Remarked</u> (-m?rkt"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Remarking</u>.] [F. <i>remarquer</i>; pref. <i>re-</i>
re- + <i>marquer</i> to mark, <i>marque</i> a mark, of German origin,
akin to E. <i>mark</i>. See <u>Mark</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>&
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark in a notable
manner; to distinquish clearly; to make noticeable or conspicuous; to
piont out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art a man <i>remarked</i> to taste a
mischief.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His manacles <i>remark</i> him; there he
sits.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take notice of, or to observe, mentally;
as, to <i>remark</i> the manner of a speaker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To express in words or writing, as observed
or noticed; to state; to say; -- often with a substantive clause; as,
he <i>remarked</i> that it was time to go.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To observe; notice; heed; regard; note; say.  --
<u>Remark</u>, <u>Observe</u>, <u>Notice</u>. To <i>observe</i> is to
keep or hold a thing distinctly before the mind. To <i>remark</i> is
simply to mark or take note of whatever may come up. To <i>notice</i>
implies still less continuity of attention. When we turn from these
mental states to the <i>expression</i> of them in language, we find
the same distinction.  An <i>observation</i> is properly the result of
somewhat prolonged thought; a <i>remark</i> is usually suggested by
some passing occurence; a <i>notice</i> is in most cases something
cursory and short. This distinction is not always maintained as to
<i>remark</i> and <i>observe</i>, which are often used
interchangeably. "<i>Observing</i> men may form many judgments by the
rules of similitude and proportion." <i>I. Watts.</i> "He can not
distinguish difficult and noble speculations from trifling and vulgar
<i>remarks</i>." <i>Collier.</i> "The thing to be regarded, in taking
<i>notice</i> of a child's miscarriage, is what root it springs from."
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mark"</hw> (r?-m?rk"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
a remark or remarks; to comment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mark"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>remarque</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of remarking or attentively noticing;
notice or observation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cause, though worth the search, may yet elude<BR>
Conjecture and <i>remark</i>, however shrewd.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The expression, in speech or writing, of
something remarked or noticed; the mention of that which is worthy of
attention or notice; hence, also, a casual observation, comment, or
statement; as, a pertinent <i>remark</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Observation; note; comment; annotation.</p>

<p><hw>Re*mark"a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>remarquable</i>.] <def>Worthy of being remarked or noticed;
noticeable; conspicuous; hence, uncommon; extraordinary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is <i>remarkable</i>, that they<BR>
Talk most who have the least to say.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is nothing left <i>remarlable</i><BR>
Beneath the visiting moon.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Observable; noticeable; extraordinary; unusual;
rare; strange; wonderful; notable; eminent.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*mark"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*mark"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*mark"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
remarks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mar"riage</hw> (r?-m?r"r?j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
second or repeated marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mar"ry</hw> (r?-m?r"rr?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To marry again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mast"</hw> (r?-m?st"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
furnish with a new mast or set of masts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mas"ti*cate</hw> (r?-m?s"t?-k?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To chew or masticate again; to chew over and over, as the
cud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mas`ti*ca"tion</hw> (-k?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of masticating or chewing again or repeatedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rem"berge</hw> (r?m"b?rj), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ramberge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rem`blai"</hw> (r?n`bl?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
remblayer to fill up an excavation, to embank.] <i>(Fort. &
Engin.)</i> <def>Earth or materials made into a bank after having been
excavated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rem"ble</hw> (r&?;m"b'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>embler</i> to steal, fr. L. <i>involare</i> to fly into or at, to
carry off.] <def>To remove.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.
Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reme</hw> (r&?;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Realm.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mean"</hw> (r&?;-m&?;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
give meaning to; to explain the meaning of; to interpret.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"me*ant</hw> (r&?;"m&?;*<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>remeans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>remeare</i> to go or come
back.] <def>Coming back; returning.</def> [R.] "Like the
<i>remeant</i> sun."  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*meas"ure</hw> (r?-m?zh"?r; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To measure again; to retrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They followed him . . . <BR>
The way they came, their steps <i>remeasured</i> right.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mede"</hw> (r?-m?d"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Remedy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*me"di*a*ble</hw> (r?-m?"d?-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>remediabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>rem&eacute;diable</i>.] <def>Capable of
being remedied or cured.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*me"di*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -
<wf>Re*me"di*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*me"di*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>remedialis</i>.] <def>Affording a remedy; intended for a remedy, or
for the removal or abatement of an evil; as, <i>remedial</i>
treatment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Statutes are declaratory or
<i>remedial</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is an evil not compensated by any beneficial result;
it is not <i>remedial</i>, not conservative.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*me"di*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a remedial
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*me"di*ate</hw> (-?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Remedial.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*med"i*less</hw> (r?-m?d"?-l?s or r?m"?-d?-l?s; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not admitting of a
remedy; incapable of being restored or corrected; incurable;
irreparable; as, a <i>remediless</i> mistake or loss.</def> "Chains
<i>remedilesse</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hopeless are all my evils, all
<i>remediless</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not answering as a remedy;
ineffectual.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Forced to forego the attempt
<i>remediless</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Incurable; cureless; irremediable; irrecoverable;
irretrievable; irreparable; desperate.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*med"i*less</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Udall.</i> -- <wf>Re*med"i*less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*med"i*less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rem"e*dy</hw> (r?m"?-d?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Remedies</b></plw> (-d&?;z). [L. <i>remedium</i>; pref. <i>re-
</i> re- + <i>mederi</i> to heal, to cure: cf. F. <i>rem&egrave;de</i>
remedy, <i>rem&eacute;dier</i> to remedy. See <u>Medical</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which relieves or cures a disease; any
medicine or application which puts an end to disease and restores
health; -- with <i>for</i>; as, a <i>remedy</i> for the
gout.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which corrects or counteracts an evil
of any kind; a corrective; a counteractive; reparation; cure; --
followed by <i>for</i> or <i>against</i>, formerly by
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What may else be <i>remedy</i> or cure<BR>
To evils which our own misdeeds have wrought,<BR>
He will instruct us.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The legal means to recover a
right, or to obtain redress for a wrong.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Civil remedy</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Civil</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Remedy of the mint</b></col> <i>(Coinage)</i>, <cd>a small
allowed deviation from the legal standard of weight and fineness; --
called also <i>tolerance</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cure; restorative; counteraction; reparation;
redress; relief; aid; help; assistance.</p>

<p><hw>Rem"e*dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Remedied</u> (-d?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Remedying</u>.] [L. <i>remediare</i>, <i>remediari</i>: cf. F.
<i>rem&?;dier</i>. See <u>Remedy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
apply a remedy to; to relieve; to cure; to heal; to repair; to
redress; to correct; to counteract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>remedy</i> this gear ere long.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*melt"</hw> (r?-m?lt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To melt
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mem"ber</hw> (r?-m?m"b?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Remembered</u> (-b?rd); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Remembering</u>.] [OF. <i>remebrer</i>, L.
<i>rememorari</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>memorare</i> to bring to
remembrance, from <i>memor</i> mindful. See <u>Memory</u>, and cf.
<u>Rememorate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have ( a notion or
idea) come into the mind again, as previously perceived, known, or
felt; to have a renewed apprehension of; to bring to mind again; to
think of again; to recollect; as, I <i>remember</i> the fact; he
<i>remembers</i> the events of his childhood; I cannot <i>remember</i>
dates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are said to <i>remember</i> anything, when the idea
of it arises in the mind with the consciousness that we have had this
idea before.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be capable of recalling when required;
to keep in mind; to be continually aware or thoughtful of; to preserve
fresh in the memory; to attend to; to think of with gratitude,
affection, respect, or any other emotion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Remember</i> the Sabbath day, to keep it
holy.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xx. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That they may have their wages duly paid 'em,<BR>
And something over to <i>remember</i> me by.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Remember</i> what I warn thee; shun to
taste.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1216 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put in mind; to remind; -- also used
reflexively and impersonally.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Remembering</i> them
the trith of what they themselves known."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My friends <i>remembered</i> me of home.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Remember</i> you of passed heaviness.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And well thou wost [knowest] if it <i>remember</i>
thee.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mention.</def> [Obs.] "As in many cases
hereafter to be <i>remembered</i>."  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To recall to the mind of another, as in the
friendly messages, <i>remember</i> me to him, he wishes to be
<i>remembered</i> to you, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mem"ber</hw> (r?-m?m"b?r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
execise or have the power of memory; as, some <i>remember</i> better
than others.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mem"ber*a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable or worthy of being remembered.</def> --
<wf>Re*mem"ber*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The whole vale of Keswick is so
<i>rememberable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mem"ber*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
remembers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mem"brance</hw> (-br<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>remembrance</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of remembering; a holding in mind,
or bringing to mind; recollection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest fierce <i>remembrance</i> wake my sudden
rage.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest the <i>remembrance</i> of his grief should
fail.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being remembered, or held in
mind; memory; recollection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This, ever grateful, in <i>remembrance</i>
bear.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something remembered; a person or thing
kept in memory.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which serves to keep in or bring to
mind; a memorial; a token; a memento; a souvenir; a memorandum or note
of something to be remembered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And on his breast a bloody cross he bore,<BR>
The dear <i>remembrance</i> of his dying Lord.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep this <i>remembrance</i> for thy Julia's
sake.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Something to be remembered; counsel;
admoni&?;&?;on; instruction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Power of remembering; reach of personal
knowledge; period over which one's memory extends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thee I have heard relating what was done<BR>
Ere my <i>remembrance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Recollection; reminiscence. See <u>Memory</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*mem"bran*cer</hw> (-br<i>a</i>n-s?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, serves to bring to, or
keep in, mind; a memento; a memorial; a reminder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Premature consiolation is but the <i>remembrancer</i>
of sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye that are the lord's
<i>remembrancers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Isa. lxii. 6. (Rev.
Ver.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A term applied in England to several
officers, having various functions, their duty originally being to
bring certain matters to the attention of the proper persons at the
proper time.</def> "The <i>remembrancer</i> of the lord treasurer in
the exchequer."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mem"o*rate</hw> (-?-r?t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rememoratus</i>, p. p. of <i>rememorari</i>. See <u>Remember</u>.]
<def>To recall something by means of memory; to remember.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bryskett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mem`o*ra"tion</hw> (-r?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>rem&eacute;moration</i>, or L. <i>rememoratio</i>.] <def>A
recalling by the faculty of memory; remembrance.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]
<i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mem"o*ra*tive</hw> (r?-mEm"?-r?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tending or serving to remind.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rem"e*nant</hw> (r?m"?-n<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A remnant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*mer"cie</hw>, <hw>Re*mer"cy</hw>  } (r&esl;-
m&etilde;r"s&ybreve;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>remercier</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + OF. <i>mercier</i> to thank, from OF. &amp; F.
<i>merci</i>. See <u>Mercy</u>.] <def>To thank.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She him <i>remercied</i> as the patron of her
life.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*merge"</hw> (r?-m?rj"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
merge again.</def> "<i>Remerging</i> in the general Soul."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*meve"</hw> (r?-mEv"), <hw>Re*mewe"</hw> (r?-m?") },
<pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To remove.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rem"i*form</hw> (r?m"?*f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>remus</i> oar + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like an oar.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rem"i*ges</hw> (r?m"?*j?z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Remex</b></singw>. (r&?;"m&?;ks). [L. <i>remex</i>, <i>-
igis</i>, an oarsman.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The quill feathers of
the wings of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rem"i*grate</hw> (r?m"?-gr?t or r?-m?"gr?t; 277), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [L. <i>remigrare</i>. See <u>Re</u>-, and
<u>Migrate</u>.] <def>To migrate again; to go back; to return.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rem`i*gra"tion</hw> (r?m`?-gr?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Migration back to the place from which one came.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mind"</hw> (r?-m?nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put
(one) in mind of something; to bring to the remembrance of; to bring
to the notice or consideration of (a person).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When age itself, which will not be defied, shall begin
to arrest, seize, and <i>remind</i> us of our mortality.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mind"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, reminds; that which serves to awaken
remembrance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re**mind"ful</hw> (f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending or
adapted to remind; careful to remind.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rem`i*nis"cence</hw> (r?m`?-n?s"s<i>e</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;miniscence</i>, L.
<i>reminiscentia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or power of
recalling past experience; the state of being reminiscent;
remembrance; memory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The other part of memory, called <i>reminiscence</i>,
which is the retrieving of a thing at present forgot, or but
confusedly remembered.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I forgive your want of <i>reminiscence</i>, since it is
long since I saw you.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is remembered, or recalled to
mind; a statement or narration of remembered experience; a
recollection; as, pleasing or painful <i>reminiscences</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Remembrance; recollection. See <u>Memory</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rem`i*nis"cen*cy</hw> (-s<i>e</i>n-s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reminiscence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rem`i*nis"cent</hw> (-s<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reminiscens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>reminisci</i> to
recall to mind, to recollect; pref. <i>re-</i> re + a word akin to
<i>mens</i> mind, <i>memini</i> I remember. See <u>Mind</u>.]
<def>Recalling to mind, or capable of recalling to mind; having
remembrance; reminding one of something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some other of existence of which we have been
previously conscious, and are now <i>reminiscent</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rem`i*nis"cent</hw> (r?m`?-n?s"s<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is addicted to indulging, narrating,
or recording reminiscences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rem`i*nis*cen"tial</hw> (-n?s-s?n"sh<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to reminiscence, or
remembrance.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rem"i*ped</hw> (r?m"?-p?d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>remus</i> oar + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;mip&egrave;de</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having feet
or legs that are used as oars; -- said of certain crustaceans and
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rem"i*ped</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An animal having limbs like oars, especially
one of certain crustaceans.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of a
group of aquatic beetles having tarsi adapted for swimming. See
<u>Water beetle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mise"</hw> (r?-m?z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Remised</u> (-m?zd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Remising</u>.] [F. <i>remise</i> delivery, surrender,
fr. <i>remettre</i> to put back, deliver, L. <i>remittere</i>. See
<u>Remit</u>.] <def>To send, give, or grant back; to release a claim
to; to resign or surrender by deed; to return.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mise"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A giving
or granting back; surrender; return; release, as of a claim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*miss"</hw> (r?-m?s"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>remissus</i>, p. p. of <i>remittere</i> to send back, relax. See
<u>Remit</u>.] <def>Not energetic or exact in duty or business; not
careful or prompt in fulfilling engagements; negligent; careless;
tardy; behindhand; lagging; slack; hence, lacking earnestness or
activity; languid; slow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou never wast <i>remiss</i>, I bear thee
witness.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These nervous, bold; those languid and
<i>remiss</i>.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Its motion becomes more languid and
<i>remiss</i>.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Slack; dilatory; slothful; negligent; careless;
neglectful; inattentive; heedles; thoughtless.</p>

<p><hw>Re*miss"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of being
remiss; inefficiency; failure.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Remisses</i> of laws."
<i>Puttenham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*miss"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to
remit punishment; lenient; clement.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mis`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (r?-m?s`s?-b?l"?-t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality of being
remissible.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mis"si*ble</hw> (r?-m?s"s?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>remissibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;missible</i>. See
<u>Remit</u>.] <def>Capable of being remitted or forgiven.</def>
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mis"sion</hw> (r?-m?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;mission</i>, L. <i>remissio</i>. See <u>Remit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of remitting, surrendering, resigning,
or giving up.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Discharge from that which is due;
relinquishment of a claim, right, or obligation; pardon of
transgression; release from forfeiture, penalty, debt, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is my blood of the new testament, which is shed
for many for the <i>remission</i> of sins.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxvi.
28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That ples, therefore, . . . <BR>
Will gain thee no <i>remission</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Diminution of intensity; abatement;
relaxation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A temporary and incomplete
subsidence of the force or violence of a disease or of pain, as
destinguished from <i>intermission</i>, in which the disease
completely leaves the patient for a time; abatement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of sending back.</def> [R.]
<i>Stackhouse.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Act of sending in payment, as money;
remittance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mis"sive</hw> (r?-m?s"s?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>remissivus</i>. See <u>Remit</u>.] <def>Remitting; forgiving;
abating.</def>  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*miss"ly</hw> (r?-m?s"l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
remiss or negligent manner; carelessly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*miss"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being remiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mis"so*ry</hw> (r?-m?s"s?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Serving or tending to remit, or to secure remission;
remissive.</def> "A sacrifice expiatory or <i>remissory</i>."
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mit"</hw> (r?-m?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Remitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Remitting</u>.] [L. <i>remittere</i>, <i>remissum</i>, to send
back, to slacken, relax; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +  <i>mittere</i> to
send. See <u>Mission</u>, and cf. <u>Remise</u>, <u>Remiss</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To send back; to give up; to surrender; to
resign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the case the law <i>remits</i> him to his ancient
and more certain right.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In grevious and inhuman crimes, offenders should be
<i>remitted</i> to their prince.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The prisoner was <i>remitted</i> to the
guard.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To restore.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The archbishop was . . . <i>remitted</i> to his
liberty.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To transmit or send, esp. to
a distance, as money in payment of a demand, account, draft, etc.; as,
he <i>remitted</i> the amount by mail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To send off or away; hence:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> To refer or direct (one) for information,
guidance, help, etc. "<i>Remitting</i> them . . . to the works of
Galen." <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> To submit, refer, or
leave (something) for judgment or decision.</def> "Whether the counsel
be good I <i>remit</i> it to the wise readers."  <i>Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To relax in intensity; to make less
violent; to abate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So willingly doth God <i>remit</i> his
ire.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To forgive; to pardon; to remove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose soever sins ye <i>remit</i>, they are
<i>remitted</i> unto them.</blockquote> <i>John xx. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To refrain from exacting or enforcing; as,
to <i>remit</i> the performance of an obligation.</def> "The sovereign
was undoubtedly competent to <i>remit</i> penalties."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To relax; release; abate; relinguish; forgive;
pardon; absolve.</p>

<p><hw>Re*mit"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To abate in force or in violence; to grow less intense; to become
moderated; to abate; to relax; as, a fever <i>remits</i>; the severity
of the weather <i>remits</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send money, as in payment.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mit"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of remitting, or the state of being remitted; remission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disavowing the <i>remitment</i> of
Claudius.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mit"tal</hw> (-t<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
remitting; a giving up; surrender; as, the <i>remittal</i> of the
first fruits.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mit"tance</hw> (r?-m?t"t<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of transmitting money, bills, or the
like, esp. to a distant place, as in satisfaction of a demand, or in
discharge of an obligation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sum or thing remitted.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mit`tee"</hw> (r?-m?t`t?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Com.)</i> <def>One to whom a remittance is sent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mit"tent</hw> (r?-m?t"t<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>remittens</i>, p. pr. : cf. F. <i>r&eacute;mittent</i>.]
<def>Remitting; characterized by remission; having
remissions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Remittent fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a fever in
which the symptoms temporarily abate at regular intervals, but do not
wholly cease. See <i>Malarial fever</i>, under
<u>Malarial</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*mit"ter</hw> (-t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who remits.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
who pardons.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who makes
remittance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The sending or placing back of
a person to a title or right he had before; the restitution of one who
obtains possession of property under a defective title, to his rights
under some valid title by virtue of which he might legally have
entered into possession only by suit.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Re*mit"ti*tur</hw> (-t?-t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., (it)
is remitted.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A remission or
surrender, -- <i>remittitur damnut</i> being a remission of excess of
damages.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sending back, as when a
record is remitted by a superior to an inferior court.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mit"tor</hw> (-t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who makes a remittance; a remitter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mix"</hw> (r?-m?ks"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mix
again or repeatedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rem"nant</hw> (r?m"n<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>remanant</i>, p. pr. of <i>remanoir</i>, <i>remaindre</i>. See
<u>Remanent</u>, <u>Remain</u>.] <def>Remaining; yet left.</def> [R.]
"Because of the <i>remnant</i> dregs of his disease."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And quiet dedicate her <i>remnant</i> life<BR>
To the just duties of an humble wife.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rem"nant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>remanant</i>. See
<u>Remnant</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which remains after a part is removed,
destroyed, used up, performed, etc.; residue.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>remnant</i> that are left of the
captivity.</blockquote> <i>Neh. i. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>remnant</i> of my tale is of a length<BR>
To tire your patience.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small portion; a slight trace; a
fragment; a little bit; a scrap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some odd quirks and <i>remnants</i> of
wit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>An unsold end of piece goods,
as cloth, ribbons, carpets, etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Residue; rest; remains; remainder.</p>

<p><hw>Re*mod"el</hw> (r?-m?d"?l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
model or fashion anew; to change the form of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The corporation had been <i>remodeled</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mod`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (-?-f?-k?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of remodifying; the state of being remodified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mod"i*fy</hw> (r?-m?d"?-f?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
modify again or anew; to reshape.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||R&eacute;`mo`lade"</hw> (r?`m?`l?d"),
<hw>||R&eacute;`mou`lad"</hw> (r?`m??`l?d"), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>A kind of piquant sauce or salad dressing resembling
mayonnaise.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*mold"</hw>, <hw>Re*mould"</hw>  } (r&emacr;*m&omacr;ld"),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mold or shape anew or again; to
reshape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mol"lient</hw> (r?-m?l"y<i>e</i>nt or  -l?-<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>remolliens</i>, p. pr. of <i>remollire</i>
to mollify: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;mollient</i>. See <u>Mollient</u>.]
<def>Mollifying; softening.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*mon`e*ti*za"tion</hw> (r?-m?n`?-t?-z?"sh?n or -m?n`-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of remonetizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mon"e*tize</hw> (-t?z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
restore to use as money; as, to <i>remonetize</i> silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mon"strance</hw> (-m?n"str<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. OF. <i>remonstrance</i>, F. <i>remonstrance</i>. See
<u>Remonstrate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
remonstrating</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pointing out;
manifestation; proof; demonstration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You may marvel why I . . . would not rather<BR>
Make rash <i>remonstrance</i> of my hidden power<BR>
Than let him be so lost.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Earnest presentation of reason in
opposition to something; protest; expostulation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Monstrance</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mon"strant</hw> (-str<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>remonstranc</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>remonstrare</i>: cf.
OF. <i>remonstrant</i>, F. <i>remontrant</i>.] <def>Inclined or
tending to remonstrate; expostulatory; urging reasons in opposition to
something.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mon"strant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
remonstrates</def>; specifically <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>, <def>one of the
Arminians who remonstrated against the attacks of the Calvinists in
1610, but were subsequently condemned by the decisions of the Synod of
Dort in 1618. See <u>Arminian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mon"strant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
remonstrant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mon"strate</hw> (-str?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Remonstrated</u> (-str&?;*t&?;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Remonstrating</u>.] [LL.
<i>remonstratus</i>, p. p. of <i>remonstrare</i> to remonstrate; L.
pref. <i>re-</i> +  <i>monstrare</i> to show. See <u>Monster</u>.]
<def>To point out; to show clearly; to make plain or manifest; hence,
to prove; to demonstrate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>remonstrate</i> to you the third
door.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mon"strate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To present and
urge reasons in opposition to an act, measure, or any course of
proceedings; to expostulate; as, to <i>remonstrate</i> with a person
regarding his habits; to <i>remonstrate</i> against proposed
taxation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is proper business of a divine to state cases of
conscience, and to <i>remonstrate</i> against any growing corruptions
in practice, and especially in principles.</blockquote>
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Expostulate</u>, <u>Remonstrate</u>.  These words
are commonly interchangeable, the principal difference being that
<i>expostulate</i> is now used especially to signify remonstrance by a
superior or by one in authority. A son <i>remonstrates</i> against the
harshness of a father; a father <i>expostulates</i> with his son on
his waywardness. Subjects <i>remonstrate</i> with their rulers;
sovereigns <i>expostulate</i> with the parliament or the people.</p>

<p><hw>Re`mon*stra"tion</hw> (r?`m?n*str?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. OF. <i>remonstration</i>, LL. <i>remonstratio</i>.] <def>The act
of remonstrating; remonstrance.</def> [R.]  <i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mon"stra*tive</hw> (r?*m?n"str?*t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having the character of a remonstrance; expressing
remonstrance.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1217 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*mon"stra*tor</hw> (r?*m?n"str?*t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who remonstrates; a remonsrant.</def>  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mon"tant</hw> (-t<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[F.]
<i>(Hort.)</i> <def>Rising again; -- applied to a class of roses which
bloom more than once in a season; the hybrid perpetual roses, of which
the Jacqueminot is a well-known example.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*mon`toir"</hw> (r<i>e</i>-m<u>?n</u>"tw?r"; E. r?-
m?n"tw?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Horology)</i> <def>See under
<u>Escapement</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rem"o*ra</hw> (r?m"?*r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;mora</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Delay; obstacle; hindrance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of fishes belonging to <i>Echeneis</i>, <i>Remora</i>, and
allied genera.  Called also <i>sucking fish</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The anterior dorsal fin is converted into a large sucking
disk, having two transverse rows of lamell&aelig;, situated on the top
of the head. They adhere firmly to sharks and other large fishes and
to vessels by this curious sucker, letting go at will. The pegador, or
remora of sharks (<i>Echeneis naucrates</i>), and the swordfish remora
(<i>Remora brachyptera</i>), are common American species.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument formerly in
use, intended to retain parts in their places.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rem"o*rate</hw> (-r?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>remoratus</i>, p. p. of <i>remorari</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>morari</i> to delay.] <def>To hinder; to delay.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mord"</hw> (r?-m?rd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>remordere</i> to bite again, to torment: cf. F. <i>remordre</i>.
See <u>Remorse</u>.] <def>To excite to remorse; to rebuke.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mord"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To feel
remorse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mord"en*cy</hw> (-<i>e</i>n*s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Remorse; compunction; compassion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Killingbeck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*morse"</hw> (r?*m?rs"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>remors</i>, OF. <i>remors</i>,F. <i>remords</i>, LL.
<i>remorsus</i>, fr. L. <i>remordere</i>, <i>remorsum</i>, to bite
again or back, to torment; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>mordere</i> to
bite. See <u>Morsel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The anguish, like
gnawing pain, excited by a sense of guilt; compunction of conscience
for a crime committed, or for the sins of one's past life.</def> "Nero
will be tainted with <i>remorse</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sympathetic sorrow; pity;
compassion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Curse on the unpardoning prince, whom tears can
draw<BR>
To no <i>remorse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But evermore it seem'd an easier thing<BR>
At once without <i>remorse</i> to strike her dead.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Compunction; regret; anguish; grief; compassion. See
<u>Compunction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*morsed"</hw> (r?-m?rst"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Feeling
remorse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*morse"ful</hw> (-m?rs"f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of remorse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The full tide of <i>remorseful</i> passion had
abated.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Compassionate; feeling tenderly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exciting pity; pitiable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*morse"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*morse"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*morse"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
remorse; having no pity; hence, destitute of sensibility; cruel;
insensible to distress; merciless.</def> "<i>Remorseless</i>
adversaries." <i>South.</i> "With <i>remorseless</i> cruelty."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unpitying; pitiless; relentless; unrelenting;
implacable; merciless; unmerciful; savage; cruel.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*morse"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*morse"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*mote"</hw> (r?-m?t"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Remoter</u> (-?r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Remotest</u>.] [L. <i>remotus</i>, p. p.
of <i>removere</i> to remove. See <u>Remove</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Removed to a distance; not near; far away; distant; -- said in
respect to <i>time</i> or to <i>place</i>; as, <i>remote</i> ages;
<i>remote</i> lands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Places <i>remote</i> enough are in
Bohemia.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Remote</i> from men, with God he passed his
days.</blockquote> <i>Parnell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, removed; not agreeing, according, or
being related; -- in various figurative uses.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not agreeing; alien; foreign.</def> "All
these propositions, how <i>remote</i> soever from reason."
<i>Locke.</i>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not nearly related; not close;
as, a <i>remote</i> connection or consanguinity.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Separate; abstracted.</def> "Wherever the
mind places itself by any thought, either amongst, or <i>remote</i>
from, all bodies." <i>Locke.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Not
proximate or acting directly; primary; distant.</def> "From the effect
to the <i>remotest</i> cause." <i>Granville.</i> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<def>Not obvious or sriking; as, a <i>remote</i>
resemblance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Separated by intervals
greater than usual.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*mote"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*mote"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*mo"tion</hw> (r?-m?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>remotio</i>. See <u>Remove</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
removing; removal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>remotion</i> of the duke and her<BR>
Is practice only.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being remote;
remoteness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The whitish gleam [of the stars] was the mask conferred
by the enormity of their <i>remotion</i>.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mould"</hw> (r?-m?ld"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Remold</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mount"</hw> (r?-mount"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To mount again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mount"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The opportunity of,
or things necessary for, remounting; specifically, a fresh horse, with
his equipments; as, to give one a <i>remount</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mov"a*ble</hw> (r?-m??v"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Admitting of being removed.</def> <i>Ayliffe.</i> --
<wf>Re*mov`a*bil"i*ty</wf> (-&?;-b&?;l"&?;-t&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*mov"al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of removing, or the state of being removed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*move"</hw> (r?-m??v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Removed</u> (-m??vd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Removing</u>.] [OF. <i>removoir</i>, <i>remouvoir</i>,
L. <i>removere</i>, <i>remotum</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>movere</i> to move. See <u>Move</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
move away from the position occupied; to cause to change place; to
displace; as, to <i>remove</i> a building.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not <i>remove</i> thy neighbor's
landmark.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xix. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When we had dined, to prevent the ladies' leaving us, I
generally ordered the table to be <i>removed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to leave a person or thing; to
cause to cease to be; to take away; hence, to banish; to destroy; to
put an end to; to kill; as, to <i>remove</i> a disease.</def> "King
Richard thus <i>removed</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To dismiss or discharge from office; as,
the President <i>removed</i> many postmasters.</def></p>

<p>&fist; See the Note under <u>Remove</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*move"</hw> (r?-m??v"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
change place in any manner, or to make a change in place; to move or
go from one residence, position, or place to another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till Birnam wood <i>remove</i> to Dunsinane,<BR>
I can not taint with fear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The verb <i>remove</i>, in some of its application, is
synonymous with <i>move</i>, but not in all. Thus we do not apply
<i>remove</i> to a mere change of posture, without a change of place
or the seat of a thing. A man <i>moves</i> his head when he turns it,
or his finger when he bends it, but he does not <i>remove</i> it.
<i>Remove</i> usually or always denotes a change of place in a body,
but we never apply it to a regular, continued course or motion. We
never say the wind or water, or a ship, <i>removes</i> at a certain
rate by the hour; but we say a ship was <i>removed</i> from one place
in a harbor to another. <i>Move</i> is a generic term, including the
sense of <i>remove</i>, which is more generally applied to a change
from one station or permanent position, stand, or seat, to another
station.</p>

<p><hw>Re*move"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of removing; a removal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This place should be at once both school and
university, not needing a <i>remove</i> to any other house of
scholarship.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And drags at each <i>remove</i> a lengthening
chain.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The transfer of one's business, or of one's
domestic belongings, from one location or dwelling house to another; -
- in the United States usually called a <i>move</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is an English proverb that three <i>removes</i> are
as bad as a fire.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being removed.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is removed, as a dish removed
from table to make room for something else.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The distance or space through which
anything is removed; interval; distance; stage; hence, a step or
degree in any scale of gradation; specifically, a division in an
English public school; as, the boy went up two <i>removes</i> last
year.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A freeholder is but one <i>remove</i> from a
legislator.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>The act of resetting a
horse's shoe.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*moved"</hw> (r?-m??vd"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Changed in place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dismissed from office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Distant in location; remote.</def>
"Something finer than you could purchase in so <i>removed</i> a
dwelling."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Distant by degrees in relationship; as, a
cousin once <i>removed</i>.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*mov"ed*ness</wf> (r&?;-m&?;&?;v"&?;d-n&?;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mov"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
removes; as, a <i>remover</i> of landmarks.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mu"a*ble</hw> (r?-m?"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>That may be removed; removable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mue"</hw> (r?-m?"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>remuer</i>. See <u>Mew</u> to molt.] <def>To remove.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mu"gi*ent</hw> (r?-m?"j?-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>remugiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>remugire</i>. See <u>Mugient</u>.]
<def>Rebellowing.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re**mu"ner*a*ble</hw> (r?-m?"n?r-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Remunerate</u>.] <def>Admitting, or worthy, of
remuneration.</def> -- <wf>Re*mu`ner*a*bil"i*ty</wf> (r&?;-m&?;"n&?;r-
&?;-b&?;l"i-t&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*mu"ner*ate</hw> (-?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Remunerated</u> (-?"t?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Remunerating</u>.] [L. <i>remuneratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>remunerare</i>, <i>remunerari</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>munerare</i>, <i>munerari</i>, to give, present, from <i>munus</i>,
<i>muneris</i>, a gift, present.  Cf. <u>Munificent</u>.] <def>To pay
an equivalent to for any service, loss, expense, or other sacrifice;
to recompense; to requite; as, to <i>remunerate</i> men for
labor.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reward; recompense; compensate; satisfy; requite;
repay; pay; reimburse.</p>

<p><hw>Re*mu`ner*a"tion</hw> (-?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>remuneratio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;mun&eacute;ration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of remunerating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is given to remunerate; an
equivalent given, as for services, loss, or sufferings.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reward; recompense; compensation; pay; payment;
repayment; satisfaction; requital.</p>

<p><hw>Re*mu"ner*a*tive</hw> (r?-m?"n?r-?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf.F. <i>r&eacute;mun&?;ratif</i>.] <def>Affording remuneration; as,
a <i>remunerative</i> payment for services; a <i>remunerative</i>
business.</def> -<wf>Re*mu"ner*a*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Re*mu"ner*a*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*mu"ner*a*to*ry</hw> (-t?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;mun&?;ratoire</i>.] <def>Remunerative.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*mur"mur</hw> (r?-m?r"m?r), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>murmur</i>: cf. F. <i>remurmurare</i>.] <def>To
murmur again; to utter back, or reply, in murmurs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The trembling trees, in every plain and wood,<BR>
Her fate <i>remurmur</i> to the silver flood.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren</hw> (r?n), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Renne</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A run.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren"a*ble</hw> (r?n"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>resnable</i>.] <def>Reasonable; also, loquacious.</def> [Obs.]
"Most <i>renable</i> of tongue." <i>Piers Plowman.</i> --
<wf>Ren"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Re*nais`sance"</hw> (F. r<i>e</i>-n&asl;`s&auml;Ns"; E.
r&esl;-n&amacr;s"s<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>rena&icirc;tre</i> to be born again.  Cf. <u>Renascence</u>.]
<def>A new birth, or revival.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The transitional movement in Europe, marked by the revival of
classical learning and art in Italy in the 15th century, and the
similar revival following in other countries.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The style of art which prevailed at this
epoch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Renaissance</i> was rather the last stage of the
Middle Ages, emerging from ecclesiastical and feudal despotism,
developing what was original in medi&aelig;val ideas by the light of
classic arts and letters.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds (Encyc.
Brit.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nais"sant</hw> (r?-n?s"s<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Renaissance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"nal</hw> (r?"n<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>renalis</i>, fr. <i>renes</i> the kidneys or reins: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;nal</i>. See <u>Reins</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the kidneys; in the region of the kidneys.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Renal calculus</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a concretion
formed in the excretory passages of the kidney.</cd> -- <col><b>Renal
capsules</b></col> or <col><b>glands</b></col>, <cd>the suprarenal
capsules. See under <u>Capsule</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Renal
casts</b></col>, <col><b>Renal colic</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Cast</u>, and <u>Colic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re"nal-por`tal</hw> (r?"n<i>a</i>l-p?r"t<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Both renal and portal. See
<u>Portal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*name"</hw> (r?*n?m"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give a
new name to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"ard</hw> (r?n"?rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>renard</i>
the fox, the name of the fox in a celebrated epic poem, and of German
origin, G. <i>Reinhard</i>, OHG. <i>Reginhard</i>, properly, strong in
counsel; <i>regin</i> counsel (akin to Goth. <i>ragin</i>) +
<i>hart</i> hard. See <u>Hard</u>.] <def>A fox; -- so called in fables
or familiar tales, and in poetry.</def> [Written also
<i>reynard</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ren"ard*ine</hw> (-?n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Renard, the fox, or the tales in which Renard is
mentioned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*nas"cence</hw> (r?-n?s"s<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Renascent</u>, and cf. <u>Renaissance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being renascent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Read the Ph&?;nix, and see how the single image of
<i>renascence</i> is varied.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Renaissance</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Renascence</i> . . . which in art, in
literature, and in physics, produced such splendid
fruits.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nas"cen*cy</hw> (-s<i>e</i>n-s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>State of being renascent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*nas"cent</hw> (-s<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>renascens</i>, p. pr. of <i>renasci</i> to be born again; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>nasci</i> to be born. See <u>Nascent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Springing or rising again into being; being
born again, or reproduced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Renaissant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*nas"ci*ble</hw> (-s?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>renascibilis</i>, from L. <i>renasci</i> to be born again.]
<def>Capable of being reproduced; ablle to spring again into
being.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*nate"</hw> (r?-n?t"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>renatus</i>, p. p. of <i>renasci</i>.] <def>Born again; regenerate;
renewed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nav"i*gate</hw> (r?-n?v"?-g?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To navigate again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*nay"</hw> (r?-n?"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>reneier</i>, F. <i>renier</i>, F. <i>renier</i>; L. pref. <i>re-
</i> re- + <i>negare</i> to deny. See <u>Renegade</u>.] <def>To deny;
to disown.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ren*con"tre</hw> (r?n-k?n"t?r; F. r?N`<u>k?n</u>"tr'),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Same as <u>Rencounter</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ren*coun"ter</hw> (r?n-koun"t?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rencountered</u> (-t?rd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb/ n.</i></pos> <u>Rencountering</u>.] [F.
<i>rencontrer</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> + OF. <i>encontrer</i> to
encounter. See <u>Encounter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To meet
unexpectedly; to encounter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attack hand to hand.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren*coun"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To meet
unexpectedly; to encounter in a hostile manner; to come in collision;
to skirmish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren*coun"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rencontre</i>,
from <i>renconter</i> to meet.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A meeting of
two persons or bodies; a collision; especially, a meeting in
opposition or contest; a combat, action, or engagement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The justling chiefs in rude <i>rencounter</i>
join.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A causal combat or action; a sudden contest
or fight without premeditation, as between individuals or small
parties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The confederates should . . . outnumber the enemy in
all <i>rencounters</i> and engagements.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Combat; fight; conflict; collision; clash.</p>

<p><hw>Rend</hw> (r&ebreve;nd), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rent</u> (r?nt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rending</u>.] [AS. <i>rendan</i>, <i>hrendan</i>; cf.
OFries. <i>renda</i>, <i>randa</i>, Fries. <i>renne</i> to cut, rend,
Icel. <i>hrinda</i> to push, thrust, AS. <i>hrindan</i>; or cf. Icel.
<i>r&?;na</i> to rob, plunder, Ir. <i>rannaim</i> to divide, share,
part, W. <i>rhanu</i>, Armor. <i>ranna</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To separate into parts with force or sudden violence; to tear
asunder; to split; to burst; as, powder <i>rends</i> a rock in
blasting; lightning <i>rends</i> an oak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dreadful thunder<BR>
Doth <i>rend</i> the region.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To part or tear off forcibly; to take away
by force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An empire from its old foundations
<i>rent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will surely <i>rend</i> the kingdom from
thee.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xi. 11.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To rap and rend</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Rap</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, to snatch.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To tear; burst; break; rupture; lacerate; fracture;
crack; split.</p>

<p><hw>Rend</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be rent or torn; to
become parted; to separate; to split.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rend"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Rend</u>.]
<def>One who rends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"der</hw> (r?n"d?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rendered</u> (-d?rd);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rendering</u>.] [F. <i>rendre</i>, LL. <i>rendre</i>,
fr. L. <i>reddere</i>; pref. <i>red-</i>, <i>re-</i>, re- +
<i>dare</i> to give. See <u>Date</u>time, and cf. <u>Reddition</u>,
<u>Rent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To return; to pay back; to
restore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose smallest minute lost, no riches <i>render</i>
may.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inflict, as a retribution; to
requite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>render</i> vengeance to mine
enemies.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxxii. 41.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give up; to yield; to
surrender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll make her <i>render</i> up her page to
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to furnish; to contribute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Logic <i>renders</i> its daily service to wisdom and
virtue.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To furnish; to state; to deliver; as, to
<i>render</i> an account; to <i>render</i> judgment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be, or to become; as, to
<i>render</i> a person more safe or more unsafe; to <i>render</i> a
fortress secure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To translate from one language into
another; as, to <i>render</i> Latin into English.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To interpret; to set forth, represent, or
exhibit; as, an actor <i>renders</i> his part poorly; a singer
<i>renders</i> a passage of music with great effect; a painter
<i>renders</i> a scene in a felicitous manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He did <i>render</i> him the most unnatural<BR>
That lived amongst men.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To try out or extract (oil, lard, tallow,
etc.) from fatty animal substances; as, to <i>render</i>
tallow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To plaster, as a wall of masonry, without
the use of lath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To give an account; to make explanation or confession.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To pass; to run; -- said of
the passage of a rope through a block, eyelet, etc.; as, a rope
<i>renders</i> well, that is, passes freely; also, to yield or give
way.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
surrender.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A return; a payment of rent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In those early times the king's household was supported
by specific <i>renders</i> of corn and other victuals from the tenants
of the demains.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An account given; a statement.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1218 !></p>

<p><hw>Ren"der*a*ble</hw> (r?n"d?r-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being rendered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"der*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who renders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel in which lard or tallow, etc., is
rendered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"der*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
renders, or that which is rendered.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A version; translation; as, the
<i>rendering</i> of the Hebrew text.</def> <i>Lowth.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In art, the presentation, expression, or
interpretation of an idea, theme, or part.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The act of laying the first coat of plaster on brickwork or
stonework.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The coat of plaster thus
laid on.</def> <i>Gwilt.</i> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The process of
trying out or extracting lard, tallow, etc., from animal
fat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"dez*vous</hw> (r?n"d?*v&oomac; or <u>r?n</u>"-; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Rendezvouses</b></plw>
(r&?;n"d&?;-v&oomac;`z&?;z). [Rare in the plural.] [F. <i>rendez-
vous</i>, properly, render yourselves, repair to a place. See
<u>Render</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place appointed for a
meeting, or at which persons customarily meet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An inn, the free <i>rendezvous</i> of all
travelers.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the appointed place for troops,
or for the ships of a fleet, to assemble; also, a place for
enlistment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king appointed his whole army to be drawn together
to a <i>rendezvous</i> at Marlborough.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A meeting by appointment.</def>
<i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Retreat; refuge.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren"dez*vous</hw> (r&ebreve;n"d&ebreve;*v&oomac; or r&auml;N"-;
277), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &. p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Rendezvoused</u> (-v&oomac;d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rendezvousing</u> (-v&oomac;*&ibreve;ng).] <def>To assemble or meet
at a particular place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"dez*vous</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bring
together at a certain place; to cause to be assembled.</def>
<i>Echard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rend"i*ble</hw> (r?nd"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Rend</u>.] <def>Capable of being rent or torn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"di*ble</hw> (r?n"d?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Render</u>.] <def>Capable, or admitting, of being
rendered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren*di"tion</hw> (r?n-d?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>rendere</i> to render: cf. L. <i>redditio</i>. See <u>Render</u>,
and cf. <u>Reddition</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rendering; especially, the act
of surrender, as of fugitives from justice, at the claim of a foreign
government; also, surrender in war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rest of these brave men that suffered in cold blood
after articles of <i>rendition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Translation; rendering; version.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>rendition</i> of the word seems also most
naturally to agree with the genuine meaning of some other words in the
same verse.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rend"rock`</hw> (r?nd"r?k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind
of dynamite used in blasting.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ren"e*gade</hw> (r?n"?-g?d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>renegado</i>, LL. <i>renegatus</i>, fr. <i>renegare</i> to deny; L.
pref. <i>re-</i> re- +  <i>negare</i> to deny. See <u>Negation</u>,
<i>and cf</i>. <u>Runagate</u>.] <def>One faithless to principle or
party.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An apostate from
Christianity or from any form of religious faith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>James justly regarded these <i>renegades</i> as the
most serviceable tools that he could employ.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who deserts from a military or naval
post; a deserter.</def> <i>Arbuthnot.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
common vagabond; a worthless or wicked fellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren`e*ga"do</hw> (r?n`?-g?"d?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<def>See <u>Renegade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"e*gat</hw> (r?n"?-g?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Runegate</u>.] <def>A renegade.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren`e*ga"tion</hw> (r?n`?-ga"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
denial.</def> [R.] "Absolute <i>renegation</i> of Christ."
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nege"</hw> (r?-n?j" or r?-n?g"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>renegare</i>. See <u>Renegade</u>.] <def>To deny; to
disown.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All Europe high (all sorts of rights
<i>reneged</i>)<BR>
Against the truth and thee unholy leagued.</blockquote>
<i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nege"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To deny.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>To revoke.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*nerve"</hw> (r?-n?rv"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
nerve again; to give new vigor to; to reinvigorate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*new"</hw> (r?-n?"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reneved</u> (-n?d"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Renewing</u>.] [Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>new</i>.  Cf.
<u>Renovate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make new again; to
restore to freshness, perfection, or vigor; to give new life to; to
rejuvenate; to re&?;stablish; to recreate; to rebuild.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In such a night<BR>
Medea gathered the enchanted herbs<BR>
That did <i>renew</i> old &?;son.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, to substitute for (an old
obligation or right) a new one of the same nature; to continue in
force; to make again; as, to <i>renew</i> a lease, note, or
patent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To begin again; to recommence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The last great age . . . <i>renews</i> its finished
course.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To repeat; to go over again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The birds-their notes <i>renew</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>To make new spiritually; to
regenerate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be ye transformed by the <i>renewing</i> of your
mind.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xii. 2.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*new"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become new, or as
new; to grow or begin again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*new`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (-?-b?l"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being renewable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*new"a*ble</hw> (r?-n?"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being renewed; as, a lease <i>renewable</i> at
pleasure.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*new"al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of renewing, or the state of being renewed; as, the <i>renewal</i> of
a treaty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*new"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Again; once
more.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*new"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being renewed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*new"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, renews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*neye"</hw> (r?-n?"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Renay</u>.] <def>To deny; to reject; to renounce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For he made every man <i>reneye</i> his
law.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reng</hw> (r?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rank</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rank; a row.</def>
[Obs.] "In two <i>renges</i> fair."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rung or round of a ladder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nid`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (r?-n?d`?-f?-k?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The act of rebuilding a
nest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"i*form</hw> (r?n"?-f?rm; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>renes</i> kidneys + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;niforme</i>.]
<def>Having the form or shape of a kidney; as, a <i>reniform</i>
mineral; a <i>reniform</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*ni"tence</hw> (r?-n?"t<i>e</i>ns), <hw>Re*ni"ten*cy</hw>
(-t<i>e</i>-s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;nitence</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being renitent;
resistance; reluctance.</def>  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We find a <i>renitency</i> in ourselves to ascribe life
and irritability to the cold and motionless fibers of
plants.</blockquote> <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ni"tent</hw> (-t<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>renitens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>renit</i> to strive or
struggle against, resist; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>niti</i> to
struggle or strive: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;nitent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resisting pressure or the effect of it; acting against impulse by
elastic force.</def> "[Muscles] soft and yet <i>renitent</i>."
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Persistently opposed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"ne</hw> (r?n"n<i>e</i>), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
plunder; -- only in the phrase "to rape and <i>renne</i>." See under
<u>Rap</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, to snatch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren"ne</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To run.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren"ner</hw> (-n?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A runner.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren"net</hw> (r?n"n?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>rainette</i>, <i>reinette</i>, perhaps fr. <i>raine</i> a tree
frog, L. <i>rana</i>, because it is spotted like this kind of frog.
Cf. <u>Ranunculus</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name of many different
kinds of apples.  Cf. <u>Reinette</u>.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren"net</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>rinnan</i>,
<i>rennan</i>, to run, cf. <i>gerinnan</i> to curdle, coagulate.
&radic;11. See <u>Run</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>The inner, or
mucous, membrane of the fourth stomach of the calf, or other young
ruminant; also, an infusion or preparation of it, used for coagulating
milk.</def> [Written also <i>runnet</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Cheese rennet</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Cheese</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rennet ferment</b></col> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i>, <cd>a ferment, present in rennet and in variable quantity
in the gastric juice of most animals, which has the power of curdling
milk. The ferment presumably acts by changing the casein of milk from
a soluble to an insoluble form.</cd> -- <col><b>Rennet
stomach</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the fourth stomach, or abomasum,
of ruminants.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ren"net*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided or treated
with rennet.</def> [R.] "Pressed milk <i>renneted</i>."
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren"net*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same
as 1st <u>Rennet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"ning</hw> (r?n"n?ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Rennet</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Asses' milk is holden for to be thickest, and therefore
they use it instead of <i>renning</i>, to turn milk.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`no*mee"</hw> (r&amacr;`n&osl;*m&amacr;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>renomm&eacute;e</i>.] <def>Renown.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nounce"</hw> (r&esl;*nouns"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Renounced</u> (-nounst");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Renouncing</u> (-noun"s?ng).] [F.
<i>renoncer</i>, L. <i>renuntiare</i> to bring back word, announce,
revoke, retract, renounce; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>nuntiare</i> to
announce, fr. <i>nuncius</i>, a messenger. See <u>Nuncio</u>, <i>and
cf</i>. <u>Renunciation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To declare
against; to reject or decline formally; to refuse to own or
acknowledge as belonging to one; to disclaim; as, to <i>renounce</i> a
title to land or to a throne.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cast off or reject deliberately; to
disown; to dismiss; to forswear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This world I do <i>renounce</i>, and in your sights<BR>
Shake patiently my great affliction off.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>To disclaim having a
card of (the suit led) by playing a card of another suit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To renounce probate</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to decline
to act as the executor of a will.</cd> <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To cast off; disavow; disown; disclaim; deny;
abjure; recant; abandon; forsake; quit; forego; resign; relinquish;
give up; abdicate.  -- <u>Renounce</u>, <u>Abjure</u>, <u>Recant</u>.
-- To <i>renounce</i> is to make an affirmative declaration of
abandonment. To <i>abjure</i> is to renounce with, or as with, the
solemnity of an oath. To <i>recant</i> is to renounce or abjure some
proposition previously affirmed and maintained.</p>

<p><blockquote>From Thebes my birth I own; . . . since no disgrace<BR>
Can force me to <i>renounce</i> the honor of my race.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Either to die the death, or to <i>abjure</i><BR>
Forever the society of man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ease would <i>recant</i><BR>
Vows made in pain, as violent and void.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nounce"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make renunciation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He of my sons who fails to make it good,<BR>
By one rebellious act <i>renounces</i> to my blood.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To decline formally, as an
executor or a person entitled to letters of administration, to take
out probate or letters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dryden died without a will, and his widow having
<i>renounced</i>, his son Charles administered on June
10.</blockquote> <i>W. D. Christie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nounce"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<def>Act of renouncing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*nounce"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>renoncement</i>.] <def>The act of disclaiming or rejecting;
renunciation.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*noun"cer</hw> (r?-noun"s?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who renounces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"o*vate</hw> (r?n"?-v?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>renovatus</i>, p. p. of <i>renovare</i>;pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>novare</i> to make new, fr. <i>novus</i> new. See <u>New</u>, and
&?;&?; <u>Renew</u>.] <def>To make over again; to restore to freshness
or vigor; to renew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All nature feels the <i>reniovating</i> force<BR>
Of winter.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren`o**va"tion</hw> (-v?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>renovatio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;novation</i>.] <def>The act or
process of renovating; the state of being renovated or renewed.</def>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is something inexpressibly pleasing in the annual
<i>renovation</i> of the world.</blockquote> <i>Rabbler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren"o*va`tor</hw> (r?n"?-v?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf.
F. <i>r&eacute;novateur</i>.] <def>One who, or that which,
renovates.</def>  <i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nov"el</hw> (r?-n?v"<i>e</i>l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>renouveler</i> to renew.] <def>To renew; to renovate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nov"el*ance</hw> (-<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Renewal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nowme"</hw> (r?-noum"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Renown.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The glory and <i>renowme</i> of the
ancectors.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nowmed"</hw> (r?-noumd"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Renowned.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*nown"</hw> (r?-noun"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>renom</i>. See <u>Noun</u>, and cf. <u>Renown</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being much
known and talked of; exalted reputation derived from the extensive
praise of great achievements or accomplishments; fame; celebrity; --
always in a good sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor envy we<BR>
Thy great <i>renown</i>, nor grudge thy victory.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Report of nobleness or exploits;
praise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This famous duke of Milan,<BR>
Of whom so often I have heard <i>renown</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nown"</hw> (r?-noun"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>renommer</i> to name again, celebrate, make famous; pref. <i>re-
</i> re- + <i>nommer</i> to name, L. <i>nominare</i> , fr.
<i>nomen</i> a name. See <u>Noun</u>.] <def>To make famous; to give
renown to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For joi to hear me so <i>renown</i> his
son.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bard whom pilfered pastorals
<i>renown</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nowned"</hw> (r?-nound"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Famous;
celebrated for great achievements, for distinguished qualities, or for
grandeur; eminent; as, a <i>renowned</i> king.</def> "Some
<i>renowned</i> metropolis with glistering spires."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These were the <i>renowned</i> of the
congregation.</blockquote> <i>Num. i. 61.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Famous; famed; distinguished; noted; eminent;
celebrated; remarkable; wonderful. See <u>Famous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*nown"ed*ly</hw> (r?-noun"?d-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>With renown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*nown"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gives
renown.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*nown"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having great
renown; famous.</def> "<i>Renownful</i> Scipio."  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*nown"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without renown;
inglorius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rens"se*laer*ite</hw> (r?ns"s<i>e</i>-l?r-?t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A soft, compact variety of
talc,, being an altered pyroxene. It is often worked in a lathe into
inkstands and other articles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rent</hw> (r?nt), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rant.</def>
[R. &amp; Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rent</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Rend</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Rend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opening made by rending; a break or breach
made by force; a tear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See what a <i>rent</i> the envious Casca
made.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, a schism; a rupture of
harmony; a separation; as, a <i>rent</i> in the church.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fissure; breach; disrupture; rupture; tear;
dilaceration; break; fracture.</p>

<p><hw>Rent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tear. See
<u>Rend</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rente</i>, LL.
<i>renta</i>, fr. L. <i>reddita</i>, fem. sing. or neut. pl. of
<i>redditus</i>, p. p. of <i>reddere</i> to give back, pay. See
<u>Render</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Income; revenue. See
<u>Catel</u>.</def> [Obs.] "Catel had they enough and <i>rent</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Bacchus] a waster was and all his <i>rent</i><BR>
In wine and bordel he dispent.</blockquote> <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So bought an annual <i>rent</i> or two,<BR>
And liv'd, just as you see I do.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pay; reward; share; toll.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Death, that taketh of high and low his
<i>rent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A certain periodical profit,
whether in money, provisions, chattels, or labor, issuing out of lands
and tenements in payment for the use; commonly, a certain pecuniary
sum agreed upon between a tenant and his landlord, paid at fixed
intervals by the lessee to the lessor, for the use of land or its
appendages; as, <i>rent</i> for a farm, a house, a park,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>rent</i> is also popularly applied to
compensation for the use of certain personal chattels, as a piano, a
sewing machine, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Black rent</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Blackmail</u>, 3.</cd> --
<col><b>Forehand rent</b></col>, <cd>rent which is paid in advance;
foregift.</cd> -- <col><b>Rent arrear</b></col>, rent in arrears;
unpaid rent. <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Rent charge</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a rent reserved on a conveyance of land in fee
simple, or granted out of lands by deed; -- so called because, by a
covenant or clause in the deed of conveyance, the land is charged with
a distress for the payment of it.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> -- <col><b>Rent
roll</b></col>, <cd>a list or account of rents or income; a
rental.</cd> -- <col><b>Rent seck</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a rent
reserved by deed, but without any clause of distress; barren rent. A
power of distress was made incident to rent seck by Statute 4 George
II. c. 28.</cd> -- <col><b>Rent service</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>,
<cd>rent reserved out of land held by fealty or other corporeal
service; -- so called from such service being incident to it.</cd> --
<col><b>White rent</b></col>, <cd>a quitrent when paid in silver; --
opposed to <i>black rent</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Renting</u>.] [F. <i>renter</i>. See <u>Rent</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grant the possession
and enjoyment of, for a rent; to lease; as, the owwner of an estate or
house <i>rents</i> it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take and hold under an agreement to pay
rent; as, the tennant <i>rents</i> an estate of the owner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rent</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be leased, or let
for rent; as, an estate <i>rents</i> for five hundred dollars a
year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rent"a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being rented, or suitable for renting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rent"age</hw> (-?j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>rentage</i>.] <def>Rent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rent"al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>rentale</i>, fr. <i>renta</i>. See <u>Rent</u> income.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A schedule, account, or list of rents, with
the names of the tenants, etc.; a rent roll.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sum total of rents; as, an estate that
yields a <i>rental</i> of ten thousand dollars a year.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rente</hw> (r&auml;Nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Rent</u> income.] <def>In France, interest payable by government on
indebtedness; the bonds, shares, stocks, etc., which represent
government indebtedness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rent"er</hw> (r?nt"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who rents
or leases an estate; -- usually said of a lessee or tenant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"ter</hw> (r?n"t?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rentered</u> (-t?rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rentering</u>.] [F. <i>rentraire</i>; L. pref. <i>re-
</i> re- + <i>in</i> into, in + <i>trahere</i> to draw.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sew together so that the seam is scarcely
visible; to sew up with skill and nicety; to finedraw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To restore the original design of, by
working in new warp; -- said with reference to tapestry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren"ter*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
renters.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ren`tier"</hw> (r?N`ty?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See 5th
<u>Rent</u>.] <def>One who has a fixed income, as from lands, stocks,
or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*nu"mer*ate</hw> (r?-n?"m?r-?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>renumeratus</i>, p. p. of <i>renumerare</i> to count over, count
up; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +  <i>numerare</i> to count. See
<u>Numerate</u>.] <def>To recount.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*nun`ci*a"tion</hw> (r?-n?n`s?-?"sh?n or -sh?-?"sh?n; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>renonciation</i>, L.
<i>renuntiatio</i> ann announcement. See <u>Renounce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of renouncing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Formal declination to take out
letters of administration, or to assume an office, privilege, or
right.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Renouncement; disownment; disavowal; disavowment;
disclaimer; rejection; abjuration; recantation; denial; abandonment;
relinquishment.</p>

<p><! p. 1219 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*nun"ci*a*to*ry</hw> (r?-n?n"sh?-?-t?-r?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL. <i>renuntiatorius</i>.] <def>Pertaining
to renunciation; containing or declaring a renunciation; as,
<i>renunciatory</i> vows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren*verse"</hw> (r?n-vErs"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>renverser</i>; L. pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>in</i> in, into +
<i>versare</i>, v. intens. fr. <i>vertere</i> to turn.] <def>To
reverse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whose shield he bears <i>renverst</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ren*verse"</hw> (r?n*v?rs"), or
<hw>||Ren`ver`s&eacute;"</hw> (r?n`v?r`s?") }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F. <i>renvers&eacute;</i>, <i>p. p.</i> ] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Reversed; set with the head downward; turned contrary to the
natural position.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ren*verse"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A reversing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ren*voy"</hw> (-voi"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>renvoyer</i>.] <def>To send back.</def> [Obs.] "Not dismissing or
<i>renvoying</i> her."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ren*voy"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>renvoi</i>.] <def>A
sending back.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re`ob*tain"</hw> (r?`?b-t?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
obtain again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ob*tain"a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
may be reobtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*oc"cu*py</hw> (r?-?k"k?-p?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
occupy again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*om"e*ter</hw> (r?-?m"?-t$r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same
as <u>Rheometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*o"pen</hw> (r?-?"p'n), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
open again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`op*pose"</hw> (r?`?p-p?z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
oppose again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`or*dain"</hw> (r?`?r-d?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> re- +  <i>ordain</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;ordonner</i>.]
<def>To ordain again, as when the first ordination is considered
defective.</def>  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*or"der</hw> (r?-?r"d?r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
order a second time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*or`di*na"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second
ordination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*or`gan*i*za"tion</hw> (-g<i>a</i>n-?-z?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of reorganizing; a reorganized
existence; as, <i>reorganization</i> of the troops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*or"gan*ize</hw> (r?-?r"g<i>a</i>n-?z), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> <def>To organize again or anew; as, to <i>reorganize</i>
a society or an army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*o"ri*ent</hw> (r?-?"r?-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Rising again.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The life <i>reorient</i> out of dust.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"o*stat</hw> (r?"?-st?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>See <u>Rheostat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"o*trope</hw> (-tr?p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>See <u>Rheotrope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep</hw> (r?p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. a corruption of
<i>rib</i>: cf. F. <i>reps</i>.] <def>A fabric made of silk or wool,
or of silk and wool, and having a transversely corded or ribbed
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed with a surface
closely corded, or ribbed transversely; -- applied to textile fabrics
of silk or wool; as, <i>rep</i> silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pace"</hw> (r?-p?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pace
again; to walk over again in a contrary direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pac"i*fy</hw> (r?-p?s"?-f?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
pacify again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pack"</hw> (r?-p?k"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pack a
second time or anew; as, to <i>repack</i> beef; to <i>repack</i> a
trunk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pack"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
repacks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pa"gan*ize</hw> (r?-p?"g<i>a</i>n-?z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To paganize anew; to bring back to
paganism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*paid"</hw> (r?-p?d"), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Repay</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*paint"</hw> (r?-p?nt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
paint anew or again; as, to <i>repaint</i> a house; to <i>repaint</i>
the ground of a picture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pair"</hw> (r?-p?r"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>repairen</i>, OF. <i>repairier</i> to return, fr. L.
<i>repatriare</i> to return to one's contry, to go home again; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>patria</i> native country, fr. <i>pater</i>
father. See <u>Father</u>, and cf. <u>Repatriate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To return.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I thought . . . that he <i>repaire</i> should
again.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go; to betake one's self; to resort;
ass, to <i>repair</i> to sanctuary for safety.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, mount the winds, and to the shades
<i>repair</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pair"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>repaire</i>
retreat, asylum, abode. See <u>Repair</u> to go.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of repairing or resorting to a place.</def> [R.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king sent a proclamation for their <i>repair</i> to
their houses.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Place to which one repairs; a haunt; a
resort.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There the fierce winds his tender force assail<BR>
And beat him downward to his first <i>repair</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pair"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Repaired</u> (-p?rd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Repairing</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;parer</i>, L.
reparare; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>parare</i> to prepare. See
<u>Pare</u>, and cf. <u>Reparation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
restore to a sound or good state after decay, injury, dilapidation, or
partial destruction; to renew; to restore; to mend; as, to
<i>repair</i> a house, a road, a shoe, or a ship; to <i>repair</i> a
shattered fortune.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Secret refreshings that <i>repair</i> his
strength.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Do thou, as thou art wont, <i>repair</i><BR>
My heart with gladness.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make amends for, as for an injury, by an
equivalent; to indemnify for; as, to <i>repair</i> a loss or
damage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll <i>repair</i> the misery thou dost
bear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To restore, recover; renew; amend; mend; retrieve;
recruit.</p>

<p><hw>Re*pair"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Restoration to a sound or good state after decay, waste, injury,
or partial restruction; supply of loss; reparation; as, materials are
collected for the <i>repair</i> of a church or of a city.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sunk down and sought <i>repair</i><BR>
Of sleep, which instantly fell on me.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Condition with respect to soundness,
perfectness, etc.; as, a house in good, or bad, <i>repair</i>; the
book is out of <i>repair</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pair"a*ble</hw> (-?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Reparable.</def>  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pair"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, repairs, restores, or makes amends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pair"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
repairing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pand"</hw> (r?*p?nd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>repandus</i> bent backward, turned up; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>pandus</i> bent, crooked.] <i>(Bot. &amp; Zool.)</i> <def>Having a
slightly undulating margin; -- said of leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`a*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (r?p`?-r?-b?l"?-t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being
reparable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep"a*ra*ble</hw> (r?p"?-r?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reparabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;parable</i>.] <def>Capable of
being repaired, restored to a sound or good state, or made good;
restorable; as, a <i>reparable</i> injury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep"a*ra*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a reparable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`a*ra"tion</hw> (-r?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;paration</i>, L. <i>reparatio</i>. See <u>Repair</u> to
mend.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of renewing, restoring, etc.,
or the state of being renewed or repaired; as, the <i>reparation</i>
of a bridge or of a highway; -- in this sense, <i>repair</i> is
oftener used.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of making amends or giving
satisfaction or compensation for a wrong, injury, etc.; also, the
thing done or given; amends; satisfaction; indemnity.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>I am sensible of the scandal I have given by my loose
writings, and make what <i>reparation</i> I am able.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Restoration; repair; restitution; compensation;
amends; satisfaction.</p>

<p><hw>Re*par"a*tive</hw> (r?-p?r"?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Repairing, or tending to repair.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*par"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
repairs.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*par"el</hw> (-?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Reapparel</u>.] <def>A change of apparel; a second or different
suit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep`ar*tee"</hw> (r?p`3r-t?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>repartie</i>, fr. <i>repartir</i> to reply, depart again; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- <i>partir</i> to part, depart. See <u>Part</u>.] <def>A
smart, ready, and witty reply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cupid was as bad as he;<BR>
Hear but the youngster's <i>repartee</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Retort; reply. See <u>Retort</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rep`ar*tee"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reparteed</u> (-t?d"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reparteeing</u>.] <def>To make smart and witty
replies.</def> [R.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Re`par*ti`mi*en"to</hw> (r?`p?r-t?`m?-?n"t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr. <i>repartir</i> to divide.] <def>A
partition or distribution, especially of slaves; also, an assessment
of taxes.</def>  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`par*to"tion</hw> (r?-p?r-t?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Another, or an additional, separation into parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pass"</hw> (r?-p?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-
</i> + <i>pass</i>: cf. F. <i>repasser</i>.  Cf. <u>Repace</u>.]
<def>To pass again; to pass or travel over in the opposite direction;
to pass a second time; as, to <i>repass</i> a bridge or a river; to
<i>repass</i> the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pass"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass or go back;
to move back; as, troops passing and <i>repassing</i> before our
eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pas"sage</hw> (r?-p?s"s?j;48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of repassing; passage back.</def>  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pas"sant</hw> (r?-p?s"s<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>repassant</i>, p. pr.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Counterpassant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*past"</hw> (r?-p?st"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>repast</i>, F. <i>repas</i>, LL. <i>repastus</i>, fr. L.
<i>repascere</i> to feed again; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>pascere</i>,
<i>pastum</i>, to pasture, feed. See <u>Pasture</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of taking food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From dance to sweet <i>repast</i> they
turn.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is taken as food; a meal;
figuratively, any refreshment.</def> "Sleep . . . thy best
<i>repast</i>."  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go and get me some <i>repast</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*past"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To supply food
to; to feast; to take food.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Repast</i> them with my
blood."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He then, also, as before, left arbitrary the dieting
and <i>repasting</i> of our minds.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*past"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes
a repast.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*pas"ture</hw> (-p?s"t?r;135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Repast</u>.] <def>Food; entertainment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Food for his rage, <i>repasture</i> for his
den.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pa"tri*ate</hw> (r?-p?"tr?-?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>repatriare</i>. See 1st <u>Repair</u>.] <def>To restore to one's
own country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pa`tri*a"tion</hw> (-?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>repatriatio</i> return to one's country.] <def>Restoration to one's
country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pay"</hw> (r?-p?"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Repaid</u> (-p?d"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Repaying</u>.] [Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>pay</i>: cf. F.
<i>repayer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pay back; to refund; as,
to <i>repay</i> money borrowed or advanced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you <i>repay</i> me not on such a day,<BR>
In such a place, such sum or sums.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make return or requital for; to
recompense; -- in a good or bad sense; as, to <i>repay</i> kindness;
to <i>repay</i> an injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Benefits which can not be <i>repaid</i> . . . are not
commonly found to increase affection.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pay anew, or a second time, as a
debt.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To refund; restore; return; recompense; compensate;
remunerate; satisfy; reimburse; requite.</p>

<p><hw>Re*pay"a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being, or proper to be , repaid; due; as, a loan <i>repayable</i>
in ten days; services <i>repayable</i> in kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pay"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of repaying; reimbursement.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The money or other thing repaid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*peal"</hw> (r?-p?l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Repealed</u> (-p?ld"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Repealing</u>.] [OF. <i>repeler</i> to call back, F.
<i>rappeler</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + OF. <i>apeler</i>, F.
<i>appeler</i>, to call, L. <i>appellare</i>. See <u>Appeal</u>, and.
cf. <u>Repel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To recall; to summon again,
as persons.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The banished Bolingbroke <i>repeals</i> himself,<BR>
And with uplifted arms is safe arrived.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To recall, as a deed, will, law, or
statute; to revoke; to rescind or abrogate by authority, as by act of
the legislature; as, to <i>repeal</i> a law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suppress; to repel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whence Adam soon <i>repealed</i><BR>
The doubts that in his heart arose.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abolish; revoke; rescind; recall; annul;
abrogate; cancel; reverse. See <u>Abolish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*peal"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Recall, as from exile.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The tribunes are no soldiers; and their people<BR>
Will be as rash in the <i>repeal</i>, as hasty<BR>
To expel him thence.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Revocation; abrogation; as, the
<i>repeal</i> of a statute; the <i>repeal</i> of a law or a
usage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*peal`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (-?-b?l"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being repealable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*peal"a*ble</hw> (r?-p?l"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being repealed.</def> -- <wf>Re*peal"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Revocable; abrogable; voidable; reversible.</p>

<p><hw>Re*peal"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
repeals; one who seeks a repeal; specifically, an advocate for the
repeal of the Articles of Union between Great Britain and
Ireland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*peal"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Recall, as from banishment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*peat"</hw> (-p?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Repeated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Repeating</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;p&eacute;ter</i>, L.
<i>repetere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +  <i>petere</i> to fall upon,
attack. See <u>Petition</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go over again; to attempt, do, make, or
utter again; to iterate; to recite; as, to <i>repeat</i> an effort, an
order, or a poem.</def>  "I will <i>repeat</i> our former
communication."  <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not well conceived of God; who, though his power<BR>
Creation could <i>repeat</i>, yet would be loth<BR>
Us to abolish.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make trial of again; to undergo or
encounter again.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>To repay or refund (an
excess received).</def></p>

<p><col><b>To repeat one's self</b></col>, <cd>to do or say what one
has already done or said.</cd> -- <col><b>To repeat signals</b></col>,
<cd>to make the same signals again; specifically, to communicate, by
repeating them, the signals shown at headquarters.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reiterate; iterate; renew; recite; relate;
rehearse; recapitulate. See <u>Reiterate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*peat"</hw> (r?-p?t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of repeating; repetition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is repeated; as, the
<i>repeat</i> of a pattern; that is, the repetition of the engraved
figure on a roller by which an impression is produced (as in calico
printing, etc.).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A mark, or series of dots,
placed before and after, or often only at the end of, a passage to be
repeated in performance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*peat"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>More than once;
again and again; indefinitely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*peat"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, repeats.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
watch with a striking apparatus which, upon pressure of a spring, will
indicate the time, usually in hours and quarters.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A repeating firearm.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Teleg.)</i> <def>An instrument for resending a
telegraphic message automatically at an intermediate point.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A person who votes more than once at an
election.</def> [U.S.] <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>See <i>Circulating
decimal</i>, under <u>Decimal</u>.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A pennant used to indicate that a certain flag in
a hoist of signal is duplicated.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*peat"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Doing the same
thing over again; accomplishing a given result many times in
succession; as, a <i>repeating</i> firearm; a <i>repeating</i>
watch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Repeating circle</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Circle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Repeating
decimal</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>a circulating decimal. See
under <u>Decimal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Repeating firearm</b></col>,
<cd>a firearm that may be discharged many times in quick
succession</cd>; especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A form of firearm
so constructed that by the action of the mechanism the charges are
successively introduced from a chamber containing them into the breech
of the barrel, and fired.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A form in which
the charges are held in, and discharged from, a revolving chamber at
the breech of the barrel. See <u>Revolver</u>, and <i>Magazine
gun</i>, under <u>Magazine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Repeating
instruments</b></col> <i>(Astron. &amp; Surv.)</i>, <cd>instruments for
observing angles, as a circle, theodolite, etc., so constructed that
the angle may be measured several times in succession, and different,
but successive and contiguous, portions of the graduated limb, before
reading off the aggregate result, which aggregate, divided by the
number of measurements, gives the angle, freed in a measure from
errors of eccentricity and graduation.</cd> -- <col><b>Repeating
watch</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Repeater</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd></cd></p>

<p><hw>Rep"e*da"tion</hw> (r?p`?-da"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>repedare</i> to step back; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>pes</i>,
<i>pedis</i>, foot.] <def>A stepping or going back.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re**pel"</hw> (r?-p?l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Repelled</u> (-p?ld"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Repelling</u>.] [L. <i>repellere</i>, <i>repulsum</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>pellere</i> to drive. See <u>Pulse</u> a
beating, and cf. <u>Repulse</u>, <u>Repeal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To drive back; to force to return; to check the advance of; to
repulse as, to <i>repel</i> an enemy or an assailant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hippomedon <i>repelled</i> the hostile
tide.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>repelled</i> each other strongly, and yet
attracted each other strongly.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To resist or oppose effectually; as, to
<i>repel</i> an assault, an encroachment, or an argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] gently <i>repelled</i> their
entreaties.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tu repulse; resist; oppose; reject; refuse.</p>

<p><hw>Re*pel"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act with force in
opposition to force impressed; to exercise repulsion.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*pel"lence</hw> (-l<i>e</i>ns), <hw>Re*pel"len*cy</hw> (-
l<i>e</i>n-s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The principle of
repulsion; the quality or capacity of repelling; repulsion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pel"lent</hw> (-l<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>repellens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. ] <def>Driving back; able or
tending to repel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pel"lent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which repels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A remedy to repel from a
tumefied part the fluids which render it tumid.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of waterproof cloth.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pel"ler</hw> (-l?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, repels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"pent</hw> (r?"p?nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>repens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, creeping, p. pr. of <i>repere</i> to creep.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Prostrate and rooting; -- said
of stems.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Reptant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pent"</hw> (r?-p?nt"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Repented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Repenting</u>.] [F. <i>se repentir</i>; L. pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>poenitere</i> to make repent, <i>poenitet me</i> it repents me, I
repent. See <u>Penitent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel pain,
sorrow, or regret, for what one has done or omitted to do.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>First she relents<BR>
With pity; of that pity then <i>repents</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change the mind, or the course of
conduct, on account of regret or dissatisfaction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest, peradventure, the people <i>repent</i> when they
see war, and they return to Egypt.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xiii.
17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>To be sorry for sin as
morally evil, and to seek forgiveness; to cease to love and practice
sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Except ye <i>repent</i>, ye shall likewise
perish.</blockquote> <i>Luke xii. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pent"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To feel pain on account of; to remember with sorrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do <i>repent</i> it from my very soul.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1220 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feel regret or sorrow; -- used
reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My father has <i>repented</i> him ere now.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to have sorrow or regret; -- used
impersonally.</def> [Archaic] "And it <i>repented</i> the Lord that he
had made man on the earth."  <i>Gen. vi. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pent"ance</hw> (r&esl;*p&ebreve;nt"<i>a</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>repentance</i>.] <def>The act of
repenting, or the state of being penitent; sorrow for what one has
done or omitted to do; especially, contrition for sin.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Godly sorrow worketh <i>repentance</i> to
salvation.</blockquote> <i>2. Cor. vii. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Repentance</i> is a change of mind, or a conversion
from sin to God.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Repentance is the relinquishment of any practice from
the conviction that it has offended God. Sorrow, fear, and anxiety are
properly not parts, but adjuncts, of <i>repentance</i>; yet they are
too closely connected with it to be easily separated.</blockquote>
<i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contrition; regret; penitence; contriteness;
compunction. See <u>Contrition</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*pent"ant</hw> (-<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>repentant</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Penitent; sorry for
sin.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus they, in lowliest plight, <i>repentant</i>
stood.</blockquote> <i>Millton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing or showing sorrow for sin; as,
<i>repentant</i> tears; <i>repentant</i> ashes.</def>
"<i>Repentant</i> sighs and voluntary pains."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pent"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who repents,
especially one who repents of sin; a penitent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pent"ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a repentant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pent"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
repents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pent"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
repentance; penitently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pent"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unrepentant.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*peo"ple</hw> (r&emacr;*p&emacr;"p'l), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>people</i>: cf. F.
<i>repeupler</i>.] <def>To people anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`per*cep"tion</hw> (r?`p?r-s?p"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of perceiving again; a repeated perception of the same
object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No external praise can give me such a glow as my own
solitary <i>reperception</i> and ratification of what is
fine.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`per*cuss"</hw> (-k&ubreve;s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Repercussed</u> (-k?st");<pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Repercussing</u>.] [L. <i>repercusus</i>, p.
p. of <i>repercutere</i> to drive back; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>percutere</i>. See <u>Percussion</u>.] <def>To drive or beat back;
hence, to reflect; to reverberate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Perceiving all the subjacent country, . . . to
<i>repercuss</i> such a light as I could hardly look
against.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`per*cus"sion</hw> (-k?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>repercussio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;percussion</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of driving back, or the state of being
driven back; reflection; reverberation; as, the <i>repercussion</i> of
sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ever echoing back in endless
<i>repercussion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Rapid reiteration of the same
sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The subsidence of a tumor or
eruption by the action of a repellent.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Obstetrics)</i> <def>In a vaginal
examination, the act of imparting through the uterine wall with the
finger a shock to the fetus, so that it bounds upward, and falls back
again against the examining finger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`per*cuss"ive</hw> (-k?s"?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;percussif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending or able to repercuss; having the
power of sending back; causing to reverberate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye <i>repercussive</i> rocks! repeat the
sound.</blockquote> <i>W. Pattison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Repellent.</def> [Obs.] "Blood is stanched
by astringent and <i>repercussive</i> medicines."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Driven back; rebounding;
reverberated.</def> "Rages loud the <i>repercussive</i> roar."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`per*cuss"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
repellent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep`er*ti"tious</hw> (r?p`?r-t?sh"?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reperticius</i>. See <u>Repertory</u>.] <def>Found; gained by
finding.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||R&eacute;`per`toire"</hw> (F. r&asl;`p&acirc;r`tw&auml;r"; E.
r&ebreve;p"&etilde;r*tw&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Repertory</u>.] <def>A list of dramas, operas, pieces, parts, etc.,
which a company or a person has rehearsed and is prepared to
perform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep"er*to*ry</hw> (r?p"?r-t?-r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>repertorium</i>, fr. <i>reperire</i> to find again; pref. <i>re-
</i> re + <i>parire</i>, <i>parere</i>, to bring forth, procure: cf.
F. <i>r&eacute;pertoire</i>.  Cf. <u>Parent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place in which things are disposed in an
orderly manner, so that they can be easily found, as the index of a
book, a commonplace book, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treasury; a magazine; a
storehouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>R&eacute;pertoire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`pe*rus"al</hw> (r?`p?-r?z"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A second or repeated perusal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`pe*ruse"</hw> (-r?z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
peruse again.</def>  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep`e*tend</hw> (r?p`?-t?nd"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>repetendus</i> to be repeated, fr. <i>repetere</i> to repeat.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>That part of a circulating decimal which recurs
continually, <i>ad infinitum</i>: -- sometimes indicated by a dot over
the first and last figures; thus, in the circulating decimal
.728328328 + (otherwise .7&2dot;8&3dot;), the <i>repetend</i> is
283.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`e*ti"tion</hw> (r&ebreve;p`&esl;-t&ibreve;sh"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>repetitio</i>: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;p&eacute;tition</i>. See <u>Repeat</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of repeating; a doing or saying again;
iteration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I need not be barren of accusations; he hath faults,
with surplus to tire in <i>repetition</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Recital from memory; rehearsal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The act of repeating,
singing, or playing, the same piece or part a second time; reiteration
of a note.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Reiteration, or repeating
the same word, or the same sense in different words, for the purpose
of making a deeper impression on the audience.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Astron. &amp; Surv.)</i> <def>The measurement of
an angle by successive observations with a repeating
instrument.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Iteration; rehearsal. See <u>Tautology</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Rep`e*ti"tion*al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l).
<hw>Rep`e*ti"tion*a*ry</hw> (-?-r?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
the nature of, or containing, repetition.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rep`e*ti"tion*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
repeats.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rep`e*ti"tious</hw> (-t?sh"?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Repeating; containing repetition.</def> [U.S.]  <i>Dr. T.
Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pet"i*tive</hw> (r?-p?t"?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing repetition; repeating.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Rep"e*ti`tor</hw> (r?p"?-t?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
L. <i>repetitor</i> a reclaimer.] <i>(Ger.Univ.)</i> <def>A private
instructor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pine"</hw> (r?-p?n"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-
</i> + <i>pine</i> to languish.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fail; to wane.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Reppening</i> courage yields no foot to foe."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To continue pining; to feel inward
discontent which preys on the spirits; to indulge in envy or
complaint; to murmur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But Lachesis thereat gan to <i>repine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What if the head, the eye, or ear <i>repined</i><BR>
To serve mere engines to the ruling mind?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pine"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vexation;
mortification.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pin"er</hw> (r?-p?n"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
repines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pin"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With repening
or murmuring.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rep"kie</hw> (r?p"k?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any edible sea urchin.</def>
[Alaska]</p>

<p><hw>Re*place"</hw> (r?-pl?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>place</i>: cf. F. <i>replacer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To place again; to restore to a former place, position,
condition, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earl . . . was <i>replaced</i> in his
government.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refund; to repay; to restore; as, to
<i>replace</i> a sum of money borrowed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To supply or substitute an equivalent for;
as, to <i>replace</i> a lost document.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With Israel, religion <i>replaced</i>
morality.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take the place of; to supply the want
of; to fulfull the end or office of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This duty of right intention does not <i>replace</i> or
supersede the duty of consideration.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To put in a new or different
place.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The propriety of the use of <i>replace</i> instead of
<i>displace</i>, <i>supersede</i>, <i>take the place of</i>, as in the
third and fourth definitions, is often disputed on account of
etymological discrepancy; but the use has been sanctioned by the
practice of careful writers.</p>

<p><col><b>Replaced crystal</b></col> <i>(Crystallog.)</i>, <cd>a
crystal having one or more planes in the place of its edges or
angles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*place`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (-?-b?l"?-t?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality, state, or degree of being replaceable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*place"a*ble</hw> (r?-pl?s"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable or admitting of being put back into a
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Admitting of having its place supplied by a
like thing or an equivalent; as, the lost book is
<i>replaceable</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of being replaced
(by), or of being exchanged (for); as, the hydrogen of acids is
<i>replaceable</i> by metals or by basic radicals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*place"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of replacing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The removal of an edge
or an angle by one or more planes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*plait"</hw> (r?-pl?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
plait or fold again; to fold, as one part over another, again and
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*plant"</hw> (rE-pl?nt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
plant again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*plant"a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
may be planted again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`plan*ta"tion</hw> (r?`pl?n-t?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of planting again; a replanting.</def> [R.]
<i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*plead"</hw> (r?-pl?d"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
plead again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*plead"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A second pleading, or course of pleadings; also, the right of
pleading again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whenever a <i>repleader</i> is granted, the pleadings
must begin <i>de novo</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*plen"ish</hw> (r?-pl?n"?sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Replenished</u> (-?sht); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Replenishing</u>.] [OE. <i>replenissen</i>,
OF. <i>replenir</i>; L. pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>plenus</i> full. See
<u>Full</u>, <u>-ish</u>, and cf. <u>Replete</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To fill again after having been diminished or emptied; to stock
anew; hence, to fill completely; to cause to abound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Multiply and <i>replenish</i> the earth.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. i. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The waters thus<BR>
With fish <i>replenished</i>, and the air with fowl.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To finish; to complete; to perfect.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We smothered<BR>
The most <i>replenished</i> sweet work of nature.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*plen"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To recover
former fullness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The humors will not <i>replenish</i> so
soon.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*plen"ish*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
replenishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*plen"ish*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of replenishing, or the state of being
replenished.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which replenishes; supply.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*plete"</hw> (r?-pl?t"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>repletus</i>, p. p. of <i>replere</i> to fill again, fill up; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>plere</i> to fill, akin to <i>plenus</i> full: cf.
F. <i>replet</i> corpulent. See <u>Plenty</u>, <u>Replenish</u>.]
<def>Filled again; completely filled; full; charged; abounding.</def>
"His words <i>replete</i> with guile."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When he of wine was <i>replet</i> at his
feast.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In heads <i>replete</i> with thoughts of other
men.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*plete"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fill
completely, or to satiety.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*plete"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being replete.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ple"tion</hw> (r?-pl?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>repletio</i> a filling up: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;pl&eacute;tion</i>.
See <u>Replete</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being
replete; superabundant fullness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tree had too much <i>repletion</i>, and was
oppressed with its own sap.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Repleccioun [overeating] ne made her never
sick.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Fullness of blood;
plethora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ple"tive</hw> (-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;pl&eacute;tif</i>.] <def>Tending to make replete;
filling.</def> -- <wf>Re*ple"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*ple"to*ry</hw> (-t?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Repletive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*plev"i*a*ble</hw> (r?-pl?v"?-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Replevy</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Capable of being
replevied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*plev"in</hw> (-?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>replevina</i>. See <u>Replevy</u>, and cf. <u>Plevin</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A personal action which lies to
recover possession of goods and chattle wrongfully taken or detained.
Originally, it was a remedy peculiar to cases for wrongful distress,
but it may generally now be brought in all cases of wrongful taking or
detention.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The writ by which goods and chattels are
replevied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*plev"in</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To
replevy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*plev"i*sa*ble</hw> (-?-s?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>replevisable</i>.] <def>Repleviable.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*plev"y</hw> (-?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Replevied</u> (-?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Replevying</u>.] [OF. <i>replevir</i>, LL. <i>replevire</i>. See
<u>Pledge</u>, <u>Replevin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>To take or get back, by a writ for that purpose (goods and
chattels wrongfully taken or detained), upon giving security to try
the right to them in a suit at law, and, if that should be determined
against the plaintiff, to return the property replevied.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>To bail.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*plev"y</hw> (r?-pl?v"?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Replevin.</def>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Rep"li*ca</hw> (r?p"l?-k?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Reply</u>, <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A copy of a work of art,
as of a picture or statue, made by the maker of the
original.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Repetition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep"li*cant</hw> (r?p"l?-k<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who replies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep"li*cate</hw> (-?-k?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
reply.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Rep"li*cate</hw> (l?-k?t), <hw>Rep"li*ca`ted</hw> (-k?`t?d),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>replicatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>replicare</i>. See <u>Reply</u>.] <def>Folded over or backward;
folded back upon itself; as, a <i>replicate</i> leaf or petal; a
<i>replicate</i> margin of a shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`li*ca"tion</hw> (-k?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>replicatio</i>. See <u>Reply</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
answer; a reply.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Withouten any <i>repplicacioun</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law Pleadings)</i> <def>The reply of the
plaintiff, in matters of fact, to the defendant's plea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Return or repercussion, as of sound;
echo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To hear the <i>replication</i> of your
sounds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A repetition; a copy.</def></p>

<p>  <i>Farrar.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Answer; response; reply; rejoinder.</p>

<p><hw>Re*pli"er</hw> (r?-pl?"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
replies.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Re"plum</hw> (r?"pl?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., doorcase.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The framework of some pods, as the cress, which
remains after the valves drop off.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ply"</hw> (r?-pl?"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Replied</u> (-pl?d"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Replying</u>.] [OE. <i>replien</i>, OF.
<i>replier</i>, F. <i>r&eacute;pliquer</i>, fr. L. <i>replicare</i> to
fold back, make a reply; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>plicare</i> to
fold. See <u>Ply</u>, and cf. <u>Replica</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a return in words or writing; to respond; to
answer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O man, who art thou that <i>repliest</i> against
God?</blockquote> <i>Rom. ix. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To answer a defendant's
plea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, to do something in return for
something done; as, to <i>reply</i> to a signal; to <i>reply</i> to
the fire of a battery.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To answer; respond; rejoin.</p>

<p><hw>Re*ply"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To return for an
answer.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lords, vouchsafe<BR>
To give me hearing what I shall <i>reply</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ply"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Replies</b></plw> (-pl&?;z"). [See <u>Reply</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Replica</u>.] <def>That which is said,
written, or done in answer to what is said, written, or done by
another; an answer; a response.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Answer; rejoinder; response.  -- <u>Reply</u>,
<u>Rejoinder</u>, <u>Answer</u>. A <i>reply</i> is a distinct response
to a formal question or attack in speech or writing. A
<i>rejoinder</i> is a second reply (a reply to a reply) in a
protracted discussion or controversy. The word <i>answer</i> is used
in two senses, namely (1), in the most general sense of a mere
response; as, the <i>answer</i> to a question; or (2), in the sense of
a decisive and satisfactory confutation of an adversary's argument, as
when we speak of a triumphant <i>answer</i> to the speech or
accusations of an opponent. Here the noun corresponds to a frequent
use of the verb, as when we say. "This will <i>answer</i> (i.e., fully
meet) the end in view;"  "It <i>answers</i> the purpose."</p>

<p><hw>Re*ply"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Replier</u>.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pol"ish</hw> (r?-p?l"?sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
polish again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pone"</hw> (r?-p?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reponere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>ponere</i> to place.]
<def>To replace.</def>  <i>R. Baillie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pop`u*la"tion</hw> (r?*p?p`?*l?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of repeopling; act of furnishing with a population
anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*port"</hw> (r?-p?rt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reported</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
Reporting.] [F. <i>reporter</i> to carry back, carry (cf.
<i>rapporter</i>; see <u>Rapport</u>), L. <i>reportare</i> to bear or
bring back; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>portare</i> to bear or bring.
See <u>Port</u> bearing, demeanor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
refer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Baldwin, his son, . . . succeeded his father; so like
unto him that we <i>report</i> the reader to the character of King
Almeric, and will spare the repeating his description.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring back, as an answer; to announce in
return; to relate, as what has been discovered by a person sent to
examine, explore, or investigate; as, a messenger <i>reports</i> to
his employer what he has seen or ascertained; the committee
<i>reported</i> progress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no man that may <i>reporten</i>
all.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give an account of; to relate; to tell;
to circulate publicly, as a story; as, in the common phrase, it is
<i>reported</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>reported</i> among the heathen, and Gashmu
saith it, that thou and the Jews think to rebel.</blockquote> <i>Neh.
vi. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give an official account or statement
of; as, a treasurer <i>reports</i> the receipts and
expenditures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To return or repeat, as sound; to
echo.</def> [Obs. or R.] "A church with windows only from above, that
<i>reporteth</i> the voice thirteen times."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Parliamentary Practice)</i> <def>To return
or present as the result of an examination or consideration of any
matter officially referred; as, the committee <i>reported</i> the bill
witth amendments, or <i>reported</i> a new bill, or <i>reported</i>
the results of an inquiry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To make minutes of, as a speech, or the
doings of a public body; to write down from the lips of a
speaker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To write an account of for publication, as
in a newspaper; as, to <i>report</i> a public celebration or a horse
race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To make a statement of the conduct of,
especially in an unfavorable sense; as, to <i>report</i> a servant to
his employer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be reported</b></col>, or <col><b>To be reported
of</b></col>, <cd>to be spoken of; to be mentioned, whether favorably
or unfavorably.</cd> <i>Acts xvi. 2.</i> -- <col><b>To report one's
self</b></col>, <cd>to betake one's self, as to a superior or one to
whom service is due, and be in readiness to receive orders or do
service.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To relate; narrate; tell; recite; describe.</p>

<p><hw>Re*port"</hw> (r?-p?rt"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a report, or response, in respect of a
matter inquired of, a duty enjoined, or information expected; as, the
committee will <i>report</i> at twelve o'clock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish in writing an account of a
speech, the proceedings at a meeting, the particulars of an
occurrence, etc., for publication.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1221 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To present one's self, as to a superior
officer, or to one to whom service is due, and to be in readiness for
orders or to do service; also, to give information, as of one's
address, condition, etc.; as, the officer <i>reported</i> to the
general for duty; to <i>report</i> weekly by letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*port"</hw> (r&esl;*p&omacr;rt"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>rapport</i>. See <u>Report</u>.<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is reported.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An account or statement of the results of
examination or inquiry made by request or direction; relation.</def>
"From Thetis sent as spies to make <i>report</i>."  <i>Waller.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A story or statement circulating by common
talk; a rumor; hence, fame; repute; reputation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was a true <i>report</i> that I heard in mine own
land of thy acts and of thy wisdom.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings x.
6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cornelius the centurion, a just man, and . . . of good
<i>report</i> among all the nation of the Jews.</blockquote> <i>Acts
x. 22.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Sound; noise; as, the <i>report</i> of a
pistol or cannon.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>An official statement
of facts, verbal or written; especially, a statement in writing of
proceedings and facts exhibited by an officer to his superiors; as,
the <i>reports</i> of the heads af departments to Congress, of a
master in chancery to the court, of committees to a legislative body,
and the like.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>An account or statement
of a judicial opinion or decision, or of case argued and determined in
a court of law, chancery, etc.; also, in the plural, the volumes
containing such reports; as, Coke's <i>Reports</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A sketch, or a fully written account, of a
speech, debate, or the proceedings of a public meeting, legislative
body, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rapport; relation; connection;
reference.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The corridors worse, having no <i>report</i> to the
wings they join to.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Account; relation; narration; detail; description;
recital; narrative; story; rumor; hearsay.</p>

<p><hw>Re*port"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable or admitting of being reported.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*port"age</hw> (-&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>SAme as
<u>Report</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*port"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
reports.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An officer or
person who makes authorized statements of law proceedings and
decisions, or of legislative debates.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One who reports speeches, the proceedings of public meetings,
news, etc., for the newspapers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of our tales judge and <i>reportour</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*port"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By report or
common fame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`por*to"ri*al</hw>
(r&emacr;`p&osl;r*t&omacr;"r&ibreve;*<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to a reporter or reporters; as, the
<i>reportorial</i> staff of a newspaper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pos"al</hw> (r&esl;*p&omacr;z"<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Repose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or state of reposing; as, the <i>reposal</i> of a trust.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That on which one reposes.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pos"ance</hw> (-<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reliance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>John Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pose"</hw> (r&esl;*p&omacr;z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reposed</u> (-p?zd"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reposing</u>.] [F. <i>reposer</i>; L. pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>pausare</i> to pause. See <u>Pause</u>,
<u>Pose</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to
stop or to rest after motion; hence, to deposit; to lay down; to
lodge; to reposit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But these thy fortunes let us straight
<i>repose</i><BR>
In this divine cave's bosom.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pebbles <i>reposed</i> in those cliffs amongst the
earth . . . are left behind.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lay at rest; to cause to be calm or
quiet; to compose; to rest, -- often reflexive; as, to <i>repose</i>
one's self on a couch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All being settled and <i>reposed</i>, the lord
archbishop did present his majesty to the lords and
commons.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After the toil of battle to <i>repose</i><BR>
Your wearied virtue.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To place, have, or rest; to set; to
intrust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king <i>reposeth</i> all his confidence in
thee.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To lie at rest; to rest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Within a thicket I <i>reposed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, to remain or abide restfully
without anxiety or alarms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is upon these that the soul may
<i>repose</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lie; to be supported; as, trap
<i>reposing</i> on sand.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To lie; recline; couch; rest; sleep; settle; lodge;
abide.</p>

<p><hw>Re*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>repos</i>. See
<u>Repose</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lying
at rest; sleep; rest; quiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shake off the golden slumber of
<i>repose</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rest of mind; tranquillity; freedom from
uneasiness; also, a composed manner or deportment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Poetic)</i> <def>A rest; a pause.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>That harmony or
moderation which affords rest for the eye; -- opposed to the
scattering and division of a subject into too many unconnected parts,
and also to anything which is overstrained; as, a painting may want
<i>repose</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angle of repose</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the
inclination of a plane at which a body placed on the plane would
remain at rest, or if in motion would roll or slide down with uniform
velocity; the angle at which the various kinds of earth will stand
when abandoned to themselves.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rest; recumbency; reclination; ease; quiet;
quietness; tranquillity; peace.</p>

<p><hw>Re*posed"</hw> (r&esl;*p&omacr;zd"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Composed; calm; tranquil; at rest.</def> <i>Bacon.</i> --
<wf>Re*pos"ed*ly</wf> (r&esl;*p&omacr;z"&ebreve;d*l&ybreve;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Re*pos"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*pose"ful</hw> (r&esl;*p&omacr;z"f&usdot;l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of repose; quiet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pos"er</hw> (r&esl;*p&omacr;z"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who reposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pos"it</hw> (r&esl;*p&obreve;z"&ibreve;t), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reposited</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr.  &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Repositing</u>.] [L.
<i>repositus</i>, p. p. of <i>reponere</i> to put back; pref. <i>re-
</i> re- +  <i>ponere</i> to put. See <u>Position</u>.] <def>To cause
to rest or stay; to lay away; to lodge, as for safety or preservation;
to place; to store.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others <i>reposit</i> their young in
holes.</blockquote> <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`po*si"tion</hw> (r&esl;`p&osl;*z&ibreve;sh"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>repositio</i>.] <def>The act of
repositing; a laying up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pos"i*tor</hw> (r&esl;*p&obreve;z"&ibreve;*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument employed for
replacing a displaced organ or part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pos"i*to*ry</hw>
(r&esl;*p&obreve;z"&ibreve;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>repositorium</i>, <i>repostorium</i>: cf. OF.
<i>repositoire</i>.] <def>A place where things are or may be
reposited, or laid up, for safety or preservation; a depository.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`pos*sess"</hw> (r?"p?z*z?s" or -p?s*s?s"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To possess again; as, to <i>repossess</i> the
land.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To repossess one's self of</b></col> (something), <cd>to
acquire again (something lost).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re`pos*ses"sion</hw> (r?`p?z-z?sh"?n or -p?s s?sh"?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or the state of possessing
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*po"sure</hw> (r?-p?"sh?r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Rest; quiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>reposure</i> of most soft
content.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pour"</hw> (r?-p?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pour
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*pous`s&eacute;"</hw> (r<i>e</i> -p??`s?"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. p. of <i>repousser</i> to thrust back;
pref <i>re-</i> + <i>pousser</i> to push. See <u>Push</u>.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formed in relief, as a pattern on
metal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Ornamented with patterns in
relief made by pressing or hammering on the reverse side; -- said of
thin metal, or of a vessel made of thin metal.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Repouss&eacute; work.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Repouss&eacute; work</b></col>, <cd>ornamentation of metal
in relief by pressing or hammering on the reverse side.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*prefe"</hw> (r?-pr?f"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reproof.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*hend"</hw> (r?p`r?-h?nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reprehended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reprehending</u>.] [L. <i>reprehendere</i>,
<i>reprehensum</i>, to hold back, seize, check, blame; pref. <i>re-
</i> re- + <i>prehendere</i> to lay hold of. See <u>Prehensile</u>,
and cf. <u>Reprisal</u>. ] <def>To reprove or reprimand with a view of
restraining, checking, or preventing; to make charge of fault against;
to disapprove of; to chide; to blame; to censure.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Aristippus being <i>reprehended</i> of luxury by one
that was not rich, for that he gave six crowns for a small
fish.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pardon me for <i>reprehending</i> thee.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In which satire human vices, ignorance, and errors . .
. are severely <i>reprehended</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I nor advise nor <i>reprehend</i> the
choice.</blockquote> <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*hend"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
reprehends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*hen"si*ble</hw> (-h?n"s?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reprehensibilis</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;pr&eacute;hensible</i>.]
<def>Worthy of reprehension; culpable; censurable; blamable.</def> --
<wf>Rep`re*hen"si*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rep`re*hen"si*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*hen"sion</hw> (-sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reprehensio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;pr&eacute;hension</i>.]
<def>Reproof; censure; blame; disapproval.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This Basilius took as though his mistress had given him
a secret <i>reprehension</i> that he had not showed more gratefulness
to Dorus.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Censure; reproof; reprimand. See
<u>Admonition</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*hen"sive</hw> (-h?n"s?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;pr&eacute;hensif</i>.] <def>Containing reprehension;
conveying reproof.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Rep`re*hen"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*hen"so*ry</hw> (-s?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing reproof; reprehensive; as, <i>reprehensory</i>
complaint.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`-pre*sent"</hw> (r?`pr?-z?nt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To present again; as, to <i>re-present</i> the points of an
argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*sent"</hw> (r?p`r?-z?nt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>repr&?;senter</i>, L. <i>repraesentare</i>, <i>repraesentatum</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>preesentare</i> to place before, present.
See <u>Present</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To present again or anew; to present by means of something
standing in the place of; to exhibit the counterpart or image of; to
typify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before him burn<BR>
Seven lamps, as in a zodiac <i>representing</i><BR>
The heavenly fires.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To portray by pictoral or plastic art; to
delineate; as, to <i>represent</i> a landscape in a picture, a horse
in bronze, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To portray by mimicry or action of any
kind; to act the part or character of; to personate; as, to
<i>represent</i> Hamlet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stand in the place of; to supply the
place, perform the duties, exercise the rights, or receive the share,
of; to speak and act with authority in behalf of; to act the part of
(another); as, an heir <i>represents</i> his ancestor; an attorney
<i>represents</i> his client in court; a member of Congress
<i>represents</i> his district in Congress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit to another mind in language; to
show; to give one's own impressions and judgement of; to bring before
the mind; to set forth; sometimes, to give an account of; to
describe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>represented</i> Rizzio's credit with the queen to
be the chief and only obstacle to his success in that
demand.</blockquote> <i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This bank is thought the greatest load on the Genoese,
and the managers of it have been <i>represented</i> as a second kind
of senate.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To serve as a sign or symbol of; as,
mathematical symbols <i>represent</i> quantities or relations; words
<i>represent</i> ideas or things.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To bring a sensation of into the mind or
sensorium; to cause to be known, felt, or apprehended; to
present.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among these. Fancy next<BR>
Her office holds; of all external things<BR>
Which he five watchful senses <i>represent</i>,<BR>
She forms imaginations, aery shapes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>To form or image again in
consciousness, as an object of cognition or apprehension (something
which was originally apprehended by direct presentation). See
<u>Presentative</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The general capability of knowledge necessarily
requires that, besides the power of evoking out of unconsciousness one
portion of our retained knowledge in preference to another, we posses
the faculty of <i>representing</i> in consciousness what is thus
evoked . . . This representative Faculty is Imagination or
Phantasy.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*sent"a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being represented.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*sent"ance</hw> (-<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Representation; likeness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*sent"ant</hw> (-<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>repr&?;sentant</i>.] <def>Appearing or acting for another;
representing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*sent"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>representant</i>.] <def>A representative.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*sen*ta"tion</hw> (-z?n-t?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>repr&?;sentation</i>, L. <i>representatio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of representing, in any sense of the
verb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which represents.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A likeness, a picture, or a model; as, a
<i>representation</i> of the human face, or figure, and the
like.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A dramatic performance; as, a
theatrical <i>representation</i>; a <i>representation</i> of
Hamlet.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A description or statement; as,
the <i>representation</i> of an historian, of a witness, or an
advocate.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The body of those who act as
representatives of a community or society; as, the
<i>representation</i> of a State in Congress.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Insurance Law)</i> <def>Any collateral
statement of fact, made orally or in writing, by which an estimate of
the risk is affected, or either party is influenced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being represented.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Description; show; delineaton; portraiture;
likeness; resemblance; exhibition; sight.</p>

<p><hw>Re-pres`en*ta"tion</hw> (r?-prez`?n-t?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Re-present</u>.] <def>The act of re-
presenting, or the state of being presented again; a new presentation;
as, <i>re-presentation</i> of facts previously stated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*sen*ta"tion*a*ry</hw> (r?p`r?--z?n-t?"sh?n-?-r?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Implying representation;
representative.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*sent"a*tive</hw> (-z?nt`?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>repr&?;sentatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to
represent; exhibiting a similitude.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bearing the character or power of another;
acting for another or others; as, a council <i>representative</i> of
the people.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Conducted by persons chosen to represent,
or act as deputies for, the people; as, a <i>representative</i>
government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Nat.Hist.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Serving or fitted to present the full characters of the type of a
group; typical; as, a <i>representative</i> genus in a family.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Similar in general appearance, structure, and
habits, but living in different regions; -- said of certain species
and varieties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Giving, or existing as, a
transcript of what was originally presentative knowledge; as,
<i>representative</i> faculties; <i>representative</i> knowledge.  See
<u>Presentative</u>, 3 and <u>Represent</u>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*sent"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>repraesentativus</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, represents
(anything); that which exhibits a likeness or similitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A statute of Rumor, whispering an idiot in the ear, who
was the <i>representative</i> of Credulity.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Difficulty must cumber this doctrine which supposes
that the perfections of God are the <i>representatives</i> to us of
whatever we perceive in the creatures.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An agent, deputy, or substitute, who
supplies the place of another, or others, being invested with his or
their authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who represents, or stands
in the place of, another.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The executor or administrator is ordinarily held to be the
<i>representative</i> of a deceased person, and is sometimes called
the <i>legal representative</i>, or the <i>personal
representative</i>. The heir is sometimes called the <i>real
representative</i> of his deceased ancestor. The heirs and executors
or administrators of a deceased person are sometimes compendiously
described as his <i>real</i> and <i>personal representatives</i>.
<i>Wharton. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A member of the lower or popular house in a
State legislature, or in the national Congress.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Nat.Hist.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That
which presents the full character of the type of a group.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A species or variety which, in any region,
takes the place of a similar one in another region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*sent"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
representative manner; vicariously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*sent"a*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being representative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dr. Burnet observes, that every thought is attended
with consciousness and <i>representativeness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*sent"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who shows, exhibits, or describes.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A representative.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep`re*sent"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Representation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*press"</hw> (r?-pr?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>press</i>.] <def>To press again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*press"</hw> (r?-pr?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-  + press</i>: cf. L. <i>reprimere</i>, <i>repressum</i>.  Cf.
<u>Reprimand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To press back or down
effectually; to crush down or out; to quell; to subdue; to supress;
as, to <i>repress</i> sedition or rebellion; to <i>repress</i> the
first risings of discontent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to check; to restrain; to keep
back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Desire of wine and all delicious drinks, . . . <BR>
Thou couldst <i>repress</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To crush; overpower; subdue; suppress; restrain;
quell; curb; check.</p>

<p><hw>Re*press"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
repressing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*press"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, represses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*press"i*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being repressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pres"sion</hw> (r?-pr?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;pression</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of repressing, or state of being
repressed; as, the <i>repression</i> of evil and evil doers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which represses; check;
restraint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*press"ive</hw> (r?-pr?s"?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;pressif</i>. LL. <i>repressivus</i>.] <def>Having power,
or tending, to repress; as, <i>repressive</i> acts or measures.</def>
-- <wf>Re*press"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*prev"a*ble</hw> (r?-pr?v"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Reprovable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*preve"</hw> (r?-pr?v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Reprieve</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To reprove.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Repreve</i> him of his vice."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*preve"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Reproof.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*priefe"</hw> (r?-pr?f"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Repreve.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*priev"al</hw> (r?-pr?v"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reprieve.</def>  <i>Overbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*prieve</hw> (r?-pr?v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp;  p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reprieved</u> (-pr?vd");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reprieving</u>.] [OE.
<i>repreven</i> to reject, disallow, OF. <i>reprover</i> to blame,
reproach, condemn (pres. <i>il reprueve</i>), F.
<i>r&eacute;prouver</i> to disapprove, fr. L. <i>reprobare</i> to
reject, condemn; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>probare</i> to try, prove.
See <u>Prove</u>, <i>and cf</i>. <u>Reprove</u>,
<u>Reprobate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To delay the punishment of; to suspend the
execution of sentence on; to give a respite to; to respite; as, to
<i>reprieve</i> a criminal for thirty days.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>reprieves</i> the sinnner from time to
time.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To relieve for a time, or
temporarily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Company, thought it may <i>reprieve</i> a man from his
melaneholy yet can not secure him from his conscience.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1222 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*prieve"</hw> (r?-pr?v"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A temporary suspension of the execution of a
sentence, especially of a sentence of death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The morning Sir John Hotham was to die, a
<i>reprieve</i> was sent to suspend the execution for three
days.</blockquote>  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Interval of ease or relief;
respite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that I ask is but a short <i>reprieve</i>,<BR>
ll I forget to love, and learn to grieve.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep"ri*mand</hw> (r?p"r?-m?nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;primande</i>, <i>fr</i>. L. <i>reprimendus</i>,
<i>reprimenda</i>, that is to be checked or suppressed, fr.
<i>reprimere</i> to check, repress; pref. <i>re-</i> re +
<i>premere</i> to press. See <u>Press</u>, and cf. <u>Repress</u>.]
<def>Severe or formal reproof; reprehension, private or
public.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Goldsmith gave his landlady a sharp <i>reprimand</i>
for her treatment of him.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep"ri*mand</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reprimanded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reprimanding</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;primander</i>. See
<u>Reprimand</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
reprove severely; to reprehend; to chide for a fault; to consure
formally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Germanicus was severely <i>reprimanded</i> by Tiberius
for traveling into Egypt without his permission.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reprove publicly and officially, in
execution of a sentence; as, the court ordered him to be
<i>reprimanded</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reprove; reprehend; chide; rebuke; censure;
blame. See <u>Reprove</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rep"ri*mand`er</hw> (-m?nd`?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who reprimands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*prim"er</hw> (r?-pr?m"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Firearms)</i> <def>A machine or implement for applying fresh
primers to spent cartridge shells, so that the shells be used
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*print"</hw> (r?-pr?nt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To print again; to print a second or a new
edition of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To renew the impression of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole business of our redemption is . . . to
<i>reprint</i> God's image upon the soul.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"print`</hw> (r?"pr?nt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second
or a new impression or edition of any printed work; specifically, the
publication in one country of a work previously published in
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*print"er</hw> (r?-pr?nt"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who reprints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pris"al</hw> (r?-priz"<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>repr&?;saille</i>, It.  <i>ripresaglia</i>, <i>rappresaglia</i>,
LL. <i>reprensaliae</i>, fr. L. <i>reprehendere</i>,
<i>reprehensum</i>. See <u>Reprehend</u>, <u>Reprise</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of taking from an enemy by way of
reteliation or indemnity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Debatable ground, on which incursions and
<i>reprisals</i> continued to take place.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything taken from an enemy in
retaliation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of retorting on an enemy by
inflicting suffering or death on a prisoner taken from him, in
retaliation for an act of inhumanity.</def>  <i>Vattel
(Trans.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any act of retaliation.</def>
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Letters of marque and reprisal</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Marque</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*prise"</hw> (r?-pr?z"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>reprise</i>, fr. <i>reprendre</i>, <i>repris</i>, to take back, L.
<i>reprehendere</i>. See <u>Reprehend</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A taking by way of retaliation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Deductions and
duties paid yearly out of a manor and lands, as rent charge, rent
seck, pensions, annuities, and the like.</def> [Written also
<i>reprizes</i>.]  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A ship recaptured from an enemy or from a
pirate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*prise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>reprize</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take again; to
retake.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To recompense; to pay.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*pris"tin*ate</hw> (r?-pr?s"t?n-?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>re-</i>  + <i>pristine</i>.] <def>To restore to an original
state.</def> [R.]  <i>Shedd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pris`ti*na"tion</hw> (-t?-n?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Restoration to an original state; renewal of purity.</def> [R.]
<i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*prive"</hw> (r?-pr?v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + L. <i>privare</i> to deprive.] <def>To take back or
away.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*prive"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reprieve.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*prize"</hw> (-pr?z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Reprise</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*priz"es</hw> (-pr?z"?z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>See <u>Reprise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*proach"</hw> (r?-pr?ch"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reproached</u> (-pr?cht");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reproaching</u>.] [F.
<i>reprocher</i>, OF. <i>reprochier</i>, (assumed) LL.
<i>reproriare</i>; L. pref. <i>re-</i> again, against, back +
<i>prope</i> near; hence, originally, to bring near to, throw in one's
teeth.  Cf. <u>Approach</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come back to,
or come home to, as a matter of blame; to bring shame or disgrace
upon; to disgrace.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I thought your marriage fit; else imputation,<BR>
For that he knew you, might <i>reproach</i> your life.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attribute blame to; to allege something
disgraceful against; to charge with a fault; to censure severely or
contemptuously; to upbraid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If ye be <i>reproached</i> for the name of
Christ.</blockquote> <i>1 Peter iv. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That this newcomer, Shame,<BR>
There sit not, and <i>reproach</i> us as unclean.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mezentius . . . with his ardor warmed<BR>
His fainting friends, <i>reproached</i> their shameful flight.<BR>
Repelled the victors.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To upbraid; censure; blame; chide; rebuke; condemn;
revile; vilify.</p>

<p><hw>Re*proach"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>reproche</i>. See
<u>Reproach</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of reproaching; censure mingled
with contempt; contumelious or opprobrious language toward any person;
abusive reflections; as, severe <i>reproach</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>reproaches</i> even, even when pointed and barbed
with the sharpest wit, appeared to give him pain.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Give not thine heritage to
<i>reproach</i>.</blockquote> <i>Joel ii. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cause of blame or censure; shame;
disgrace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An object of blame, censure, scorn, or
derision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, and let us build up the wall of Jerusalem, that
we be no more a <i>reproach</i>.</blockquote> <i>Neh. ii. 17.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disrepute; discredit; dishonor; opprobrium;
invective; contumely; reviling; abuse; vilification; scurrility;
insolence; insult; scorn; contempt; ignominy; shame; scandal;;
disgrace; infamy.</p>

<p><hw>Re*proach"a*blr</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>reprochable</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deserving reproach; censurable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Opprobrius; scurrilous.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*proach"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*proach"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*proach"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
reproaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*proach"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Expressing or containing reproach; upbraiding;
opprobrious; abusive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>reproachful</i> speeches . . . <BR>
That he hath breathed in my dishonor here.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Occasioning or deserving reproach;
shameful; base; as, a <i>reproachful</i> life.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Opprobrious; contumelious; abusive; offensive;
insulting; contemptuous; scornful; insolent; scurrilous; disreputable;
discreditable; dishonorable; shameful; disgraceful; scandalous; base;
vile; infamous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*proach"ful*ly</wf> (r&?;-pr&?;ch"f&?;l-l&?;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Re*proach"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*proach"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
reproach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep"ro*ba*cy</hw> (r?p"r?-b?-c?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reprobation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rep"ro*bance</hw> (-b<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reprobation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep"ro*bate</hw> (-b?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reprobatus</i>, p. p. of <i>reprobare</i> to disapprove, condemn.
See <u>Reprieve</u>, <u>Reprove</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not enduring proof or trial; not of
standard purity or fineness; disallowed; rejected.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reprobate</i> silver shall men call them, because
the Lord hath rejected them.</blockquote> <i>Jer. vi. 30.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abandoned to punishment; hence, morally
abandoned and lost; given up to vice; depraved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And strength, and art, are easily outdone<BR>
By spirits <i>reprobate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to one who is given up to
wickedness; as, <i>reprobate</i> conduct.</def> "<i>Reprobate</i>
desire."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abandoned; vitiated; depraved; corrupt; wicked;
profligate; base; vile. See <u>Abandoned</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rep"ro*bate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One morally
abandoned and lost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I acknowledge myself for a <i>reprobate</i>, a villain,
a traitor to the king.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep"ro*bate</hw> (-b?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reprobated</u> (-b?`t?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reprobating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
disapprove with detestation or marks of extreme dislike; to condemn as
unworthy; to disallow; to reject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such an answer as this is <i>reprobated</i> and
disallowed of in law; I do not believe it, unless the deed
appears.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every scheme, every person, recommended by one of them,
was <i>reprobated</i> by the other.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To abandon to punishment without hope of
pardon.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To condemn; reprehend; censure; disown; abandon;
reject.</p>

<p><hw>Rep"ro*bate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being reprobate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep"ro*ba`ter</hw> (-b?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
reprobates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`ro*ba"tion</hw> (-b?`sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;probation</i>, or L. <i>reprobatio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of reprobating; the state of being
reprobated; strong disapproval or censure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The profligate pretenses upon which he was perpetually
soliciting an increase of his disgraceful stipend are mentioned with
becoming <i>reprobation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Set a brand of <i>reprobation</i> on clipped poetry and
false coin.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The predestination of a
certain number of the human race as reprobates, or objects of
condemnation and punishment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep`ro*ba"tion*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One who believes in reprobation. See
<u>Reprobation</u>, 2.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep"ro*ba*tive</hw> (-b?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to reprobation; expressing reprobation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep"ro*ba`to*ry</hw> (-b?`t?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Reprobative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`pro*duce"</hw> (r?`pr?-d?s"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To produce again.</def> Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
bring forward again; as, to <i>reproduce</i> a witness; to
<i>reproduce</i> charges; to <i>reproduce</i> a play.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To cause to exist again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those colors are unchangeable, and whenever all those
rays with those their colors are mixed again they <i>reproduce</i> the
same white light as before.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To produce again, by generation or the
like; to cause the existence of (something of the same class, kind, or
nature as another thing); to generate or beget, as offspring; as, to
<i>reproduce</i> a rose; some animals are <i>reproduced</i> by
gemmation.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To make an image or other
representation of; to portray; to cause to exist in the memory or
imagination; to make a copy of; as, to <i>reproduce</i> a person's
features in marble, or on canvas; to <i>reproduce</i> a
design.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`pro*du"cer</hw> (-d?"s?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, reproduces.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`pro*duc"tion</hw> (-d?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>reproduction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
reproducing; the state of being reproduced</def>; specifically
<i>(Biol.)</i>, <def>the process by which plants and animals give rise
to offspring.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are two distinct methods of reproduction; viz.:
<i>asexual reproduction</i> (agamogenesis) and <i>sexual
reproduction</i> (gamogenesis). In both cases the new individual is
developed from detached portions of the parent organism. In asexual
reproduction (gemmation, fission, etc.), the detached portions of the
organism develop into new individuals without the intervention of
other living matter. In sexual reproduction, the detached portion,
which is always a single cell, called the <i>female germ cell</i>, is
acted upon by another portion of living matter, the <i>male germ
cell</i>, usually from another organism, and in the fusion of the two
(impregnation) a new cell is formed, from the development of which
arises a new individual.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is reproduced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`pro*duc"tive</hw> (-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>reproductif</i>.] <def>Tending, or pertaining, to reproduction;
employed in reproduction.</def>  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`pro*duc"to*ry</hw> (-t?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Reproductive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*proof"</hw> (r?-pr??f"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>reproef</i>. See <u>Proof</u>, <u>Reprove</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Refutation; confutation; contradiction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An expression of blame or censure;
especially, blame expressed to the face; censure for a fault; chiding;
reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those best can bear <i>reproof</i> who merit
praise.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Admonition; reprehension; chiding; reprimand;
rebuke; censure; blame. See <u>Admonition</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*prov"a*ble</hw> (r?-pr??v"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>r&eacute;prouvable</i>.] <def>Worthy of reproof or
censure.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blamable; blameworthy; censurable; reprehensible;
culpable; rebukable.</p>

<p>--<wf>Re*prov"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*prov"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re prov"al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reproof.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*prove"</hw> (r?-pr??v"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reproved</u> (-pr??vd"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reproving</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;prouver</i>,
OF. <i>reprover</i>, fr. L. <i>reprobare</i>. See <u>Reprieve</u>,
<u>Reprobate</u>, and cf. <u>Reproof</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
convince.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When he is come, he will <i>reprove</i> the world of
sin, and of righteousness, and of judgment.</blockquote> <i>John xvi.
9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disprove; to refute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reprove</i> my allegation, if you can.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To chide to the face as blameworthy; to
accuse as guilty; to censure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What if thy son</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>Prove disobedient, and, <i>reproved</i>, retort,<BR>
"Wherefore didst thou beget me?"</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To express disapprobation of; as, to
<i>reprove</i> faults.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He neither <i>reproved</i> the ordinance of John,
neither plainly condemned the fastings of the other men.</blockquote>
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reprehend; chide; rebuke; scold; blame censure.
-- <u>Reprove</u>, <u>Rebuke</u>, <u>Reprimand</u>. These words all
signufy the expression of disapprobation. To <i>reprove</i> implies
greater calmness and self-possession. To <i>rebuke</i> implies a more
excited and personal feeling. A <i>reproof</i> may be administered
long after the offience is committed, and is usually intended for the
reformation of the offender; a <i>rebuke</i> is commonly given at the
moment of the wrong, and is administered by way of punishment and
condemnation. A <i>reprimand</i> proceeds from a person invested with
authority, and is a formal and offiscial act. A child is
<i>reproved</i> for his faults, and <i>rebuked</i> for his impudence.
A military officer is <i>reprimanded</i> for neglect or violation of
duty.</p>

<p><hw>Re*prov"er</hw> (r?-pr??v"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, reproves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*prov"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a reproving
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*prune"</hw> (r&emacr;*pr&udd;n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To prune again or anew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet soon <i>reprunes</i> her wing to soar
anew.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep"-sil`ver</hw> (r?p"s?l`v?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Reap</u>.] <def>Money anciently paid by servile tenants to their
lord, in lieu of the customary service of reaping his corn or
grain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep"tant</hw> (r?p"t<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reptans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>reptare</i>, v. intens.
from <i>repere</i> to creep. See <u>Reptile</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Repent</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Creeping; crawling; --
said of reptiles, worms, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rep*tan"ti*a</hw> (r?p-t?n"sh?-?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of gastropods; the
Pectinibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep*ta"tion</hw> (r?p-t?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reptatio</i>, from <i>reptare</i>: cf. F. <i>reptation</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The act of creeping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep"ta*to*ry</hw> (r?p"t?-t?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Creeping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep"tile</hw> (r?p"t?l;277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>reptile</i>, L. <i>reptilis</i>, fr. <i>repere</i>, <i>reptum</i>,
to creep; cf. Lith. <i>reploti</i>; perh. akin to L. <i>serpere</i>.
Cf. <u>Serpent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Creeping; moving on the
belly, or by means of small and short legs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Groveling; low; vulgar; as, a
<i>reptile</i> race or crew; <i>reptile</i> vices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is also a false, <i>reptile</i> prudence, the
result not of caution, but of fear.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And dislodge their <i>reptile</i> souls<BR>
From the bodies and forms of men.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rep"tile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal that crawls, or moves on its belly,
as snakes,, or by means of small, short legs, as lizards, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An inadvertent step may crush the snail<BR>
That crawls at evening in the public path;<BR>
But he that has humanity, forewarned,<BR>
Will tread aside, and let the <i>reptile</i> live.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Reptilia, or
one of the Amphibia.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The amphibians were formerly classed with Reptilia, and are
still popularly called <i>reptiles</i>, though much more closely
allied to the fishes.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A groveling or very mean person.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rep*til"i*a</hw> (r?p-t?l"?-?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A class of air-breathing oviparous
vertebrates, usually covered with scales or bony plates. The heart
generally has two auricles and one ventricle. The development of the
young is the same as that of birds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is nearly related in many respects to Aves, or birds. The
principal existing orders are Testidunata or Chelonia (turtles),
Crocodilia, Lacertilla (lizards), Ophidia (serpents), and
Rhynchocephala; the chief extinct orders are Dinosauria, Theremorpha,
Mosasauria, Pterosauria, Plesiosauria, Ichtyosauria.</p>

<p><hw>Rep*til"i*an</hw> (-<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Belonging to the reptiles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reptilian age</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>that part of
geological time comprising the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous
periods, and distinguished as that era in which the class of reptiles
attained its highest expansion; -- called also the <i>Secondary</i> or
<i>Mezozoic</i> age.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rep*til"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Reptilia; a reptile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pub"lic</hw> (r?-p?b"l?k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;publique</i>, L. <i>respublica</i> commonwealth;
<i>res</i> a thing, an affair + <i>publicus</i>, <i>publica</i>,
public. See <u>Real</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Public</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Common weal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state in which the sovereign power
resides in the whole body of the people, and is exercised by
representatives elected by them; a commonwealth.  Cf.
<u>Democracy</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In some ancient states called republics the sovereign power
was exercised by an hereditary aristocracy or a privileged few,
constituting a government now distinctively called an
<i>aristocracy</i>. In some there was a division of authority between
an aristocracy and the whole body of the people except slaves. No
existing republic recognizes an exclusive privilege of any class to
govern, or tolerates the institution of slavery.</p>

<p><col><b>Republic of letters</b></col>, <cd>The collective body of
literary or learned men.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Re*pub"lic*an</hw> (-l?-k<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;publicain</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining
to a republic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Roman emperors were <i>republican</i> magistrates
named by the senate.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consonant with the principles of a
republic; as, <i>republican</i> sentiments or opinions;
<i>republican</i> manners.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Republican party</b></col>. <i>(U.S. Politics)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An earlier name of the Democratic party when
it was opposed to the Federal party. Thomas Jefferson was its great
leader.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>One of the existing great
parties. It was organized in 1856 by a combination of voters from
other parties for the purpose of opposing the extension of slavery,
and in 1860 it elected Abraham Lincoln president.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1223 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*pub"lic*an</hw> (r?-p?b"l?-k<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who favors or prefers a republican form of
government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(U.S.Politics)</i> <def>A member of the
Republican party.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
American cliff swallow. The cliff swallows build their nests side by
side, many together.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A South African
weaver bird (<i>Philet&aelig;rus socius</i>). These weaver birds build
many nests together, under a large rooflike shelter, which they make
of straw.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Red republican</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Red</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*pub"lic*an*ism</hw> (-?z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;publicanisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A republican
form or system of government; the principles or theory of republican
government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attachment to, or political sympathy for, a
republican form of government.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The principles and policy of the Republican
party, so called</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*pub"lic*an*ize</hw> (-?z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Republicanized</u> (-?zd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Republicanizing</u> (-?`z?ng).]
[Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;publicaniser</i>.] <def>To change, as a state,
into a republic; to republican principles; as, France was
<i>republicanized</i>; to <i>republicanize</i> the rising
generation.</def>  <i>D. Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pub"li*cate</hw> (r?*p?b"l?*k?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Cf. LL. <i>republicare</i>.] <def>To make public again; to
republish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*pub`li*ca"tion</hw> (r?-p?b`l?-k?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second publication, or a new publication
of something before published, as of a former will, of a volume
already published, or the like; specifically, the publication in one
country of a work first issued in another; a reprint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If there be many testaments, the last overthrows all
the former; but the <i>republication</i> of a former will revokes one
of a later date, and establishes the first.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pub"lish</hw> (r?-p?b"l?sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Republished</u> (-l?sht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Republishing</u>.] <def>To
publish anew; specifically, to publish in one country (a work first
published in another); also, to revive (a will) by re&?;xecution or
codicil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Subsecquent to the purchase or contract, the devisor
<i>republished</i> his will.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pub"lish*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
republishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pu"di*a*ble</hw> (r?-p?"d?-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Repudilate</u>.] <def>Admitting of repudiation; fit or proper to be
put away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pu"di*ate</hw> (-?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Repudiated</u> (-?`t?d); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Repudiating</u>.] [L. <i>repudiatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>repudiare</i> to repudiate, reject, fr. <i>repudium</i> separation,
divorce; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>pudere</i> to be ashamed.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cast off; to disavow; to have nothing to
do with; to renounce; to reject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Servitude is to be <i>repudiated</i> with greater
care.</blockquote> <i>Prynne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divorce, put away, or discard, as a
wife, or a woman one has promised to marry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His separation from Terentis, whom he <i>repudiated</i>
not long afterward.</blockquote> <i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To refuse to acknowledge or to pay; to
disclaim; as, the State has <i>repudiated</i> its debts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pu`di*a"tion</hw> (-&fist;"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf.F. <i>r&eacute;pudiation</i>, L. <i>repudiatio</i>.] <def>The act
of repudiating, or the state of being repuddiated; as, the
<i>repudiation</i> of a doctrine, a wife, a debt, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pu`di*a"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favors
repudiation, especially of a public debt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pu"di*a`tor</hw> (r?-p?"d?-?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
a rejecter, contemner.] <def>One who repudiates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pugn"</hw> (r?-p?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;pugner</i>, L. <i>repugnare</i>, <i>repugnatum</i>; pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>pugnare</i> to fight. See <u>Pugnacious</u>.] <def>To
fight against; to oppose; to resist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Stubbornly he did <i>repugn</i> the truth.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pug"na*ble</hw> (r?-p?g"n?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being repugned or resisted.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
North.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*pug"nance</hw> (-n<i>a</i>ns), <hw>Re*pug"nan*cy</hw> (-
n<i>a</i>n-s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;pugnance</i>,
L. <i>repugnantia</i>.] <def>The state or condition of being
repugnant; opposition; contrariety; especially, a strong instinctive
antagonism; aversion; reluctance; unwillingness, as of mind, passions,
principles, qualities, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which causes us to lose most of our time is the
<i>repugnance</i> which we naturally have to labor.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the foes quietly cut their throats,<BR>
Without <i>repugnancy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Aversion; reluctance; unwillingness; dislike;
antipathy; hatred; hostility; irreconcilableness; contrariety;
inconsistency. See <u>Dislike</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*pug"nant</hw> (-n<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;pugnant</i>, or L. <i>repugnans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr.
of <i>repugnare</i>. See <u>Repugn</u>.] <def>Disposed to fight
against; hostile; at war with; being at variance; contrary;
inconsistent; refractory; disobedient; also, distasteful in a high
degree; offensive; -- usually followed by <i>to</i>, rarely and less
properly by <i>with</i>; as, all rudeness was <i>repugnant</i> to her
nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[His sword] <i>repugnant</i> to command.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no breach of a divine law but is more or less
<i>repugnant</i> unto the will of the Lawgiver, God
himself.</blockquote> <i>Perkins.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Opposite; opposed; adverse; contrary; inconsistent;
irreconcilable; hostile; inimical.</p>

<p><hw>Re*pug"nant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a repugnant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pug"nate</hw> (-n?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>repugnare</i>. See <u>Repugn</u>.] <def>To oppose; to fight
against.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*pugn"er</hw> (r?-p?n"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
repugns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pul"lu*late</hw> (r?-p?l"l?-l?t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[L. <i>repullulare</i>, <i>repullulatum</i>. See <u>Pullulate</u>.]
<def>To bud again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though tares <i>repullulate</i>, there is wheat still
left in the field.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pul`lu*la"tion</hw> (r?-p?l`l?-l?"sh?n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of budding again; the state of
having budded again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pulse"</hw> (r?-p?ls"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Repulsed</u> (-p?lst"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Repulsing</u>.] [L. <i>repulsus</i>, p. p.
of <i>repellere</i>. See <u>Repel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
repel; to beat or drive back; as, to <i>repulse</i> an assault; to
<i>repulse</i> the enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Complete to have discovered and <i>repulsed</i><BR>
Whatever wiles of foe or seeming friend.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To repel by discourtesy, coldness, or
denial; to reject; to send away; as, to <i>repulse</i> a suitor or a
proffer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pulse"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>repulsa</i>, fr.
<i>repellere</i>, <i>repulsum</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of repelling or driving back; also,
the state of being repelled or driven back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By fate repelled, and with <i>repulses</i>
tired.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He received in the <i>repulse</i> of Tarquin seven
hurts in the body.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: Refusal; denial; rejection;
failure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pulse"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable of
being repulsed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*puls"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
repulses, or drives back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pul"sion</hw> (r?-p?l"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>repulsio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;pulsion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of repulsing or repelling, or the state of being repulsed
or repelled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A feeling of violent offence or disgust;
repugnance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The power, either inherent
or due to some physical action, by which bodies, or the particles of
bodies, are made to recede from each other, or to resist each other's
nearer approach; as, molecular <i>repulsion</i>; electrical
<i>repulsion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pul"sive</hw> (-s?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;pulsif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving, or able, to
repulse; repellent; as, a <i>repulsive</i> force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Repulsive</i> of his might the weapon
stood.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cold; forbidding; offensive; as,
<i>repulsive</i> manners.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*pul"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*pul"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*pul"so*ry</hw> (-s?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>repulsorius</i>.] <def>Repulsive; driving back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pur"chase</hw> (r?*p?r"ch?s; 48), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To buy back or again; to regain by purchase.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pur"chase</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
repurchasing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pu"ri*fy</hw> (r?-p?"r?-f?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
purify again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rep"u*ta*ble</hw> (r?p"?-t?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Repute</u>.] <def>Having, or worthy of, good repute; held in
esteem; honorable; praiseworthy; as, a <i>reputable</i> man or
character; <i>reputable</i> conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the article of danger, it is as <i>reputable</i> to
elude an enemy as defeat one.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Respectable; creditable; estimable.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Rep"u ta*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rep"u*ta*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rep`u*ta"tion</hw> (-t?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;putation</i>, L. <i>reputatio</i> a reckoning,
consideration. See <u>Repute</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The estimation in which one is held;
character in public opinion; the character attributed to a person,
thing, or action; repute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best evidence of <i>reputation</i> is a man's whole
life.</blockquote> <i>Ames.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The character imputed to a
person in the community in which he lives. It is admissible in
evidence when he puts his character in issue, or when such reputation
is otherwise part of the issue of a case.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: Good reputation; favorable
regard; public esteem; general credit; good name.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I see my <i>reputation</i> is at stake.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The security of his <i>reputation</i> or good
name.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Account; value.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[/Christ] made himself of no
<i>reputation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Phil. ii. 7.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Credit; repute; regard; estimation; esteem; honor;
fame.  See the Note under <u>Character</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*put"a*tive*ly</hw> (r?-p?t"?-t?v-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>By repute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pute"</hw> (r?-p?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reputed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reputing</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;puter</i>, L. <i>reputare</i> to
count over, think over; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>putare</i> to count,
think. See <u>Putative</u>.] <def>To hold in thought; to account; to
estimate; to hold; to think; to reckon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore are we counted as beasts, and <i>reputed</i>
vile in your sight?</blockquote> <i>Job xviii. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king your father was <i>reputed</i> for<BR>
A prince most prudent.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*pute"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Character reputed or attributed; reputation, whether good or bad;
established opinion; public estimate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He who regns<BR>
Monarch in heaven, till then as one secure<BR>
Sat on his throne, upheld by old <i>repute</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: Good character or reputation;
credit or honor derived from common or public opinion; -- opposed to
<i>disrepute</i>.</def> "Dead stocks, which have been of
<i>repute</i>."  <i>F. Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*put"ed*ly</hw> (r?-p?t"?d-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In common opinion or estimation; by repute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*pute"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having good
repute; disreputable; disgraceful; inglorius.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*quere"</hw> (r?--kw?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
require.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*quest"</hw> (r&esl;*kw&fist;st"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>requeste</i>, OF. <i>requeste</i>, F. <i>requ&ecirc;te</i>, LL.
<i>requesta</i>, for <i>requisita</i>, fr. L. <i>requirere</i>,
<i>requisitum</i>, to seek again, ask for. See <u>Require</u>, and cf.
<u>Quest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of asking for anything
desired; expression of desire or demand; solicitation; prayer;
petition; entreaty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will marry her, sir, at your
<i>request</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is asked for or requested.</def>
"He gave them their <i>request</i>."  <i>Ps. cvi. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will both hear and grant you your
<i>requests</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A state of being desired or held in such
estimation as to be sought after or asked for; demand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Knowledge and fame were in as great <i>request</i> as
wealth among us now.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Court of Requests</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
local tribunal, sometimes called <i>Court of Consience</i>, founded by
act of Parliament to facilitate the recovery of small debts from any
inhabitant or trader in the district defined by the act; -- now mostly
abolished</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A court of equity for the
relief of such persons as addressed the sovereign by supplication; --
now abolished. It was inferior to the Court of Chancery.</cd> [Eng.]
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Asking; solicitation; petition; prayer;
supplication; entreaty; suit.</p>

<p><hw>Re*quest"</hw> (r?-kw?st"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Requested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Requesting</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>requester</i>, F.
<i>requ&ecirc;ter</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ask for
(something); to express desire ffor; to solicit; as, to <i>request</i>
his presence, or a favor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To address with a request; to
ask.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>request</i> you<BR>
To give my poor host freedom.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To ask; solicit; entreat; beseech. See
<u>Beg</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*quest"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
requests; a petitioner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*quick"en</hw> (r?-kw?k"'n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
quicken anew; to reanimate; to give new life to.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"qui*em</hw> (r?"kw?-?m;277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Acc. of
L. <i>requies</i> rest, the first words of the Mass being
"<i>Requiem</i> aeternam dona eis, Domine," give eternal rest to them,
O lord; pref. <i>re-</i> re + <i>quies</i> quiet. See <u>Quiet</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Requin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A mass said or sung for the repose of a
departed soul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We should profane the service of the dead<BR>
To sing a <i>requiem</i> and such rest to her<BR>
As to peace-parted souls.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any grand musical composition, performed in
honor of a deceased person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rest; quiet; peace.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Else had I an eternal <i>requiem</i> kept,<BR>
And in the arms of peace forever slept.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*qui"e*to*ry</hw> (r?-kw?"?-t?-r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>requietorium</i>, fr. <i>requiescere</i>, <i>requietum</i>, to
rest. See <u>Re</u>-, and <u>Quiesce</u>.] <def>A sepulcher.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Weever.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"quin</hw> (r?"kw?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>reqiem</i> a Mass sung for the dead. See <u>Requiem</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The man-eater, or white shark (<i>Carcharodon
carcharias</i>); -- so called on account of its causing
<i>requiems</i> to be sung.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*quir"a*ble</hw> (r?-kw?r"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of being required; proper to be required.</def>  <i>Sir
M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*quire"</hw> (r?-kw?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Required</u> (-kw?rd"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Requiring</u>.] [OE. <i>requeren</i>,
<i>requiren</i>, OF. <i>requerre</i>, F. <i>requ&?;rir</i>; L. pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>quaerere</i> to ask; cf. L. <i>requirere</i>. See
<u>Query</u>, and cf. <u>Request</u>, <u>Requisite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To demand; to insist upon having; to claim as
by right and authority; to exact; as, to <i>require</i> the surrender
of property.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall I say to C&aelig;sar<BR>
What you <i>require</i> of him?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By nature did what was by law
<i>required</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To demand or exact as indispensable; to
need.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just gave what life <i>required</i>, and gave no
more.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The two last [biographies] <i>require</i> to be
particularly noticed.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To ask as a favor; to request.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was ashamed to <i>require</i> of the king a band of
soldiers and horsemen to help us against the enemy in the
way.</blockquote> <i>Ezra viii. 22.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To claim; exact; enjoin; prescribe; direct; order;
demand; need.</p>

<p><hw>Re*quire"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of requiring; demand;
requisition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is required; an imperative or
authoritative command; an essential condition; something needed or
necessary; a need.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of those who believe that they can fill up every
<i>requirement</i> contained in the rule of
righteousness.</blockquote> <i>J. M. Mason.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God gave her the child, and gave her too an instinctive
knowledge of its nature and <i>requirements</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*quir"er</hw> (-kw?r"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
requires.</def></p>

<p><hw>Req"ui*site</hw> (r?k"w?-z?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which is required, or is necessary; something indispensable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God, on his part, has declared the <i>requisites</i> on
ours; what we must do to obtain blessings, is the great business of us
all to know.</blockquote> <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Req"ui*site</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>requisitus</i>,
p. p. <i>requirere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>quaerere</i> to ask.
See <u>Require</u>.] <def>Required by the nature of things, or by
circumstances; so needful that it can not be dispensed with;
necessary; indispensable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All truth <i>requisite</i> for men to
know.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Necessary; needful; indispensable; essential.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Req"ui*site*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Req"ui*site*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Req`ui*si"tion</hw> (r?k`w?-z?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Cf.
F. <i>r&eacute;quisition</i>, L. <i>requisitio</i> a searching.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of requiring, as of right; a demand or
application made as by authority.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(International Law)</i> <def>A formal demand
made by one state or government upon another for the surrender or
extradition of a fugitive from justice.</def> <i>Kent.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A notarial demand of a
debt.</def> <i>Wharton.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
demand by the invader upon the people of an invaded country for
supplies, as of provision, forage, transportation, etc.</def>
<i>Farrow.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A formal application by one
officer to another for things needed in the public service; as, a
<i>requisition</i> for clothing, troops, or money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is required by authority;
especially, a quota of supplies or necessaries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A written or normal call; an invitation; a
summons; as, a <i>reqisition</i> for a public meeting.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Req`ui*si"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a reqisition on or for; as, to <i>requisition</i> a
district for forage; to <i>requisition</i> troops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To present a requisition to; to summon
request; as, to <i>requisition</i> a person to be a candidate.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Req`ui*si"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes or signs a requisition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*quis"i*tive</hw> (r?-kw?z"?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Expressing or implying demand.</def> [R.]  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*quis"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, makes requisition; a requisitionist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*quis"i*tor</hw> (-t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes reqisition; esp., one authorized by a requisition to investigate
facts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*quis"i*to*ry</hw> (-t?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sought
for; demanded.</def> [R.]  <i>Summary on Du Bartas (1621).</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*quit"a*ble</hw> (-kw?t"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>That may be requited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*quit"al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Requite</u>.] <def>The act of requiting; also, that which requites;
return, good or bad, for anything done; in a good sense, compensation;
recompense; as, the <i>requital</i> of services; in a bad sense,
retaliation, or punishment; as, the <i>requital</i> of evil
deeds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No merit their aversion can remove,<BR>
Nor ill <i>requital</i> can efface their love.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1224 !></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Compensation; recompense; remuneration; reward;
satisfaction; payment; retribution; retaliation; reprisal;
punishment.</p>

<p><hw>Re"quite"</hw> (r?-kw?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Requited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Requiting</u>.] [Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>quit</i>.]
<def>To repay; in a good sense, to recompense; to return (an
equivalent) in good; to reward; in a bad sense, to retaliate; to
return (evil) for evil; to punish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He can <i>requite</i> thee; for he knows the charma<BR>
That call fame on such gentle acts as these.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast seen it; for thou beholdest mischief and
spite, to <i>requite</i> it with thy hand.</blockquote> <i>Ps. x.
14.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To repay; reward; pay; compensate; remunerate;
satisfy; recompense; punish; revenge.</p>

<p><hw>Re*quite"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Requital</def> [Obs.]  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*quit"er</hw> (-kw?t"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
requites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rere"brace`</hw> (r?r"br?s"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>arri&egrave;re-bras</i>.] <i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>Armor for the
upper part of the arm.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rere`de*main"</hw> (-d?-m?n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>arri&egrave;re</i> back + <i>de</i> of + <i>main</i> hand.] <def>A
backward stroke.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rere"dos</hw> (r?r"d?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>rear</i>
+ F. <i>dos</i> back, L. <i>dorsum</i>.  Cf. <u>Dorsal</u>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A screen or partition wall
behind an altar.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The back of a
fireplace.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The open hearth, upon which
fires were lighted, immediately under the louver, in the center of
ancient halls.</def> [Also spelt <i>reredosse</i>.]
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rere"fief`</hw> (r?r"f?f`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>arri&egrave;re-fief</i>. See <u>Rear</u> hinder, and <u>Fief</u>.]
<i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A fief held of a superior feudatory; a fief
held by an under tenant.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*reign"</hw> (r?-r?n"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To reign
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`-re*it"er*ate</hw> (r?`r?-?t"?r-?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To reiterate many times.</def> [R.] "My <i>re-reiterated</i>
wish."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rere"mouse`</hw> (r?r"mous`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rearmouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`-re*solve"</hw> (r?`r?-z?lv"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To resolve again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Resolves, and <i>re-resolves</i>, then dies the
same.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rere"ward`</hw> (r?r"w?rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Rearward</u>.] <def>The rear guard of an army.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Res</hw> (r?z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Res</b></plw>. [L.] <def>A thing; the particular thing; a
matter; a point.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Res gest&aelig;</b></col> [L., things done] <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>the facts which form the environment of a litigated issue.</cd>
<i>Wharton.</i> -- <col><b>||Res judicata</b></col> [L.] <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>a thing adjudicated; a matter no longer open to
controversy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*sail"</hw> (r?-s?l"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
sail again; also, to sail back, as to a former port.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sale"</hw> (r?-s?l" or r?"s?l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sale at second hand, or at retail; also, a second sale.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sal"gar</hw> (r?-s?l"g?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Realgar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`sa*lute"</hw> (r?`s?-l?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
salute again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*saw"</hw> (r&?;-s&?;"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To saw
again; specifically, to saw a balk, or a timber, which has already
been squared, into dimension lumber, as joists, boards, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"cat</hw> (r?s"k?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>rescattar</i>.] <def>To ransom; to release; to rescue.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"cat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>rescate</i>.]
<def>Ransom; release.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*scind"</hw> (r?-s?nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rescinded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rescinding</u>.] [L. <i>rescindere</i>,
<i>rescissum</i>; pref <i>re-</i> re- + <i>scindere</i> to cut, split:
cf. F. <i>rescinder</i>. See <u>Shism</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cut off; to abrogate; to annul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The blessed Jesus . . . did sacramentally
<i>rescind</i> the impure relics of Adam and the contraction of evil
customs.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, to vacate or make void, as an
act, by the enacting authority or by superior authority; to repeal;
as, to <i>rescind</i> a law, a resolution, or a vote; to
<i>rescind</i> a decree or a judgment.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To revoke; repeal; abrogate; annul; recall; reverse;
vacate; void.</p>

<p><hw>Re*scind"a*ble</hw> (-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being rescinded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*scind"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act of rescinding; rescission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*scis"sion</hw> (r?-s?zh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rescissio</i>: cf. F. <i>rescission</i>. See <u>Rescind</u>.]
<def>The act of rescinding, abrogating, annulling, or vacating; as,
the <i>rescission</i> of a law, decree, or judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*scis"so*ry</hw> (r?-s?z"?-r? or r?-s?s"-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rescissorius</i>: cf. F.
<i>rescisoire</i>.] <def>Tending to rescind; rescinding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To pass a general act <i>rescissory</i> (as it was
called), annulling all the Parliaments that had been held since the
year 1633.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"cous</hw> (r?s"k?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., fr. OF.
<i>rescousse</i>, fr. <i>rescourre</i>, p. p. <i>rescous</i>, to
rescue. See <u>Rescue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rescue;
deliverance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>See <u>Rescue</u>, 2.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Res"cowe</hw> (r?s"kou), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
rescue.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*scribe"</hw> (r?-skr?b"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rescribere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>scribere</i> to write.
See <u>Scribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To write back; to write in
reply.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To write over again.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"script</hw> (r?"skr?pt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rescriptum</i>: cf. F. <i>rescrit</i>, formerly also spelt
<i>rescript</i>. See <u>Rescribe</u>,<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom.Antiq.)</i> <def>The answer of an
emperor when formallyconsulted by particular persons on some difficult
question; hence, an edict or decree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In their <i>rescripts</i> and other ordinances, the
Roman emperors spoke in the plural number.</blockquote>
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>The official written
answer of the pope upon a question of canon law, or morals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A counterpart.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*scrip"tion</hw> (r?-skr?p"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rescriptio</i>: cf. F. <i>rescription</i>. See <u>Rescribe</u>.]
<def>A writing back; the answering of a letter.</def>
<i>Loveday.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*scrip"tive</hw> (-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or answering the purpose of, a rescript; hence, deciding;
settling; determining.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*scrip"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
rescript.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"cu*a*ble</hw> (r?s"k?-?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>That may be rescued.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"cue</hw> (r?s"k?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rescued</u> (-k?d);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rescuing</u>.] [OE. <i>rescopuen</i>, OF.
<i>rescourre</i>, <i>rescurre</i>, <i>rescorre</i>; L. pref. <i>re-
</i> re- + <i>excutere</i> to shake or drive out; <i>ex</i> out +
<i>quatere</i> to shake. See <u>Qtash</u> to crush,
<u>Rercussion</u>.] <def>To free or deliver from any confinement,
violence, danger, or evil; to liberate from actual restraint; to
remove or withdraw from a state of exposure to evil; as, to
<i>rescue</i> a prisoner from the enemy; to <i>rescue</i> seamen from
destruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had I been seized by a hungry lion,<BR>
I would have been a breakfast to the best,<BR>
Rather than have false Proteus <i>rescue</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To retake; recapture; free; deliver; liberate;
release; save.</p>

<p><hw>Res"cue</hw> (r?s"k?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Rescue</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>; cf. <u>Rescous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rescuing; deliverance from
restraint, violence, or danger; liberation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spur to the <i>rescue</i> of the noble
Talbot.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
forcible retaking, or taking away, against law, of things lawfully
distrained.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The forcible liberation of
a person from an arrest or imprisonment.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The retaking by a party captured of a prize made by the
enemy.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rescue</i> of a prisoner from the court is
punished with perpetual imprisonment and forfeiture of
goods.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rescue grass</b></col>. [Etymol. uncertain.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>A tall grass (<i>Ceratochloa unioloides</i>) somewhat resembling
chess, cultivated for hay and forage in the Southern States.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Res"cue*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without rescue or
release.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"cu*er</hw> (-k?-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rescues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res`cus*see"</hw> (r?s`k?s-s?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(O.Eng. Law)</i> <def>The party in whose favor a rescue is
made.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res*cus"sor</hw> (r?s-k?s"s?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.]
<i>(O.Eng.Law)</i> <def>One who makes an unlawful rescue; a
rescuer.</def>  <i>Burril.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rese</hw> (r?z), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shake; to
quake; to tremble.</def> [Obs.] "It made all the gates for to
<i>rese</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re-search"</hw> (r?-s?rch"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>search</i>.] <def>To search again; to examine
anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*search"</hw> (r?-s?rch"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-
</i> + <i>search</i>: cf OF. <i>recerche</i>, F. <i>recherche</i>.]
<def>Diligent inquiry or examination in seeking facts or principles;
laborious or continued search after truth; as, <i>researches</i> of
human wisdom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dearest interests of parties have frequently been
staked on the results of the <i>researches</i> of
antiquaries.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Investigation; examination; inquiry; scrutiny.</p>

<p><hw>Re*search"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-</i> +
<i>search</i>: cf. OF. <i>recerchier</i>, F. <i>rechercher</i>.]
<def>To search or examine with continued care; to seek
diligently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*search"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
researches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*search"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making
researches; inquisitive.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*seat"</hw> (r?-s?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To seat or set again, as on a chair, throne,
etc.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put a new seat, or new seats, in; as, to
<i>reseat</i> a theater; to <i>reseat</i> a chair or
trousers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sect"</hw> (r?-s?kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Resected</u>;<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Resecting</u>.] [L. <i>resectus</i>, p. p. of <i>resecare</i> to
cut off; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>secare</i> to cut.] <def>To cut or
pare off; to remove by cutting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sec"tion</hw> (r?-s?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resectio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;section</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of cutting or paring off.</def>  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The removal of the articular
extremity of a bone, or of the ends of the bones in a false
articulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*se"da</hw> (r?-s?"d?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. , a kind of
plant.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants, the
type of which is mignonette.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grayish green color, like that of the
flowers of mignonette.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*seek"</hw> (r?-s?k"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To seek
again.</def>  <i>J. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*seize"</hw> (r?-s?z"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-
+ seize</i>: cf. F. <i>ressaisir</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
seize again, or a second time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put in possession again; to
reinstate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And then therein [in his kingdom] <i>reseized</i> was
again.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To take possession of, as
lands and tenements which have been disseized.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sheriff is commanded to <i>reseize</i> the land and
all the chattels thereon, and keep the same in his custody till the
arrival of the justices of assize.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*seiz"er</hw> (-s?z"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who seizes again.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The taking of lands into
the hands of the king where a general livery, or <i>oustre le
main</i>, was formerly mis-sued, contrary to the form and order of
law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sei"zure</hw> (r&?;-s&?;"zh&?;r; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A second seizure; the act of seizing again.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sell"</hw> (r?-s?l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sell
again; to sell what has been bought or sold; to retail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sem"bla*ble</hw> (r?-z?m"bl?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Resemble</u>.] <def>Admitting of being compared; like.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sem"blance</hw> (-bl<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>ressemblance</i>. See <u>Resemble</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of resembling; likeness; similitude;
similarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One main end of poetry and painting is to please; they
bear a great <i>resemblance</i> to each other.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles, or is similar; a
representation; a likeness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These sensible things, which religion hath allowed, are
<i>resemblances</i> formed according to things spiritual.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A comparison; a simile.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Probability; verisimilitude.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Likeness; similarity; similitude; semblance;
representation; image.</p>

<p><hw>Re*sem"blant</hw> (-bl<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., a
. and p. pr. fr. <i>ressembler</i> to resemble. See <u>Resemble</u>.]
<def>Having or exhibiting resemblance; resembling.</def> [R.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sem"ble</hw> (r?-z?m"b'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Resembled</u> (-b'ld); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Resembling</u> (-bl?ng).] [F.
<i>ressembler</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>sembler</i> to seem,
resemble, fr. L. <i>similare</i>, <i>simulare</i>, to imitate, fr.
<i>similis</i> like, similar. See <u>Similar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be like or similar to; to bear the similitude of, either in
appearance or qualities; as, these brothers <i>resemble</i> each
other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We will <i>resemble</i> you in that.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To liken; to compare; to represent as
like.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The other . . . <BR>
He did <i>resemble</i> to his lady bright.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To counterfeit; to imitate.</def> [Obs.]
"They can so well <i>resemble</i> man's speech."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to imitate or be like.</def> [R.]
<i>H. Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sem"bler</hw> (r?-z?m"bl?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who resembles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sem"bling*ly</hw> (-bl?ng-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>So as to resemble; with resemblance or likeness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sem"i*nate</hw> (-s?m"?-n?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
pref. <i>re-</i> again + <i>seminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>seminare</i> to
sow.] <def>To produce again by means of seed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir. T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*send"</hw> (r?-s?nd"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To send again; as, to <i>resend</i> a
message.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send back; as, to <i>resend</i> a
gift.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Telegraphy)</i> <def>To send on from an
intermediate station by means of a repeater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sent"</hw> (r?-z?nt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Resented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Resenting</u>.] [F. <i>ressentir</i>; L. pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>sentire</i> to feel. See <u>Sense</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be sensible of; to feel</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In a good
sense, to take well; to receive with satisfaction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which makes the tragical ends of noble persons more
favorably <i>resented</i> by compassionate readers.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a bad sense, to take ill; to consider
as an injury or affront; to be indignant at.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express or exhibit displeasure or
indignation at, as by words or acts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The good prince King James . . . bore dishonorably what
he might have <i>resented</i> safely.</blockquote>
<i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To recognize; to perceive, especially as if
by smelling; -- associated in meaning with <i>sent</i>, the older
spelling of <i>scent</i> to smell. See <u>Resent</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This bird of prey <i>resented</i> a worse than earthly
savor in the soul of Saul.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our King Henry the Seventh quickly <i>resented</i> his
drift.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sent"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To feel resentment.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give forth an odor; to smell; to
savor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The judicious prelate will prefer a drop of the sincere
milk of the word before vessels full of traditionary pottage
<i>resenting</i> of the wild gourd of human invention.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sent"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
resents.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sent"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to
resent; easily provoked to anger; irritable.</def> --
<wf>Re*sent"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*sent"i*ment</hw> (-?-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Resentment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*sent"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>With deep sense or strong perception.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With a sense of wrong or affront; with
resentment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sent"ive</hw> (-?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resentful.</def> [R.]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sent"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ressentiment</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
resenting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of holding something in the mind
as a subject of contemplation, or of being inclined to reflect upon
something; a state of consciousness; conviction; feeling;
impression.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He retains vivid <i>resentments</i> of the more solid
morality.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a greater wonder that so many of them die, with
so little <i>resentment</i> of their danger.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a good sense, satisfaction;
gratitude.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Council taking notice of the many good services
performed by Mr. John Milton, . . . have thought fit to declare their
<i>resentment</i> and good acceptance of the same.</blockquote> <i>The
Council Book (1651).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In a bad sense, strong displeasure; anger;
hostility provoked by a wrong or injury experienced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Resentment</i> . . . is a deep, reflective
displeasure against the conduct of the offender.</blockquote>
<i>Cogan.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Anger; irritation; vexation; displeasure; grudge;
indignation; choler; gall; ire; wrath; rage; fury.  --
<u>Resentment</u>, <u>Anger</u>. <i>Anger</i> is the broader term,
denoting a keen sense of disapprobation (usually with a desire to
punish) for whatever we feel to be wrong, whether directed toward
ourselves or others. <i>Resentment</i> is anger exicted by a sense of
personal injury. It is, etymologically, that reaction of the mind
which we instinctively feel when we think ourselves wronged. Pride and
selfishness are apt to aggravate this feeling until it changes into a
criminal animosity; and this is now the more common signification of
the term. Being founded in a sense of injury, this feeling is hard to
be removed; and hence the expressions <i>bitter</i> or <i>implacable
resentment</i>. See <u>Anger</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Anger is like<BR>
 A full-hot horse, who being allowed his way,<BR>
Self-mettle tires him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can heavently minds such high <i>resentment</i>
show,<BR>
Or exercise their spite in human woe?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"er*ate</hw> (r?s"?r-?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reseratus</i>, p. p. of <i>reserare</i> to unlock.] <def>To unlock;
to open.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*serv"ance</hw> (r?-z?rv"<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reservation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Res`er*va"tion</hw> (r?z`?r-v?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>r&eacute;servation</i>, LL. <i>reservatio</i>. See
<u>Reserve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of reserving, or
keeping back; concealment, or withholding from disclosure;
reserve.</def>  <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>reservation</i> of an hundred
knights.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Make some <i>reservation</i> of your
wrongs.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something withheld, either not expressed or
disclosed, or not given up or brought forward.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tract of the public land reserved for
some special use, as for schools, for the use of Indians, etc.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being reserved, or kept in
store.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A clause
in an instrument by which some new thing is reserved out of the thing
granted, and not <i>in esse</i> before.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A proviso.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This term is often used in the same sense with
<i>exception</i>, the technical distinction being disregarded.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
portion of the sacramental elements reserved for purposes of devotion
and for the communion of the absent and sick.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A term of canon law, which signifies that the
pope reserves to himself appointment to certain benefices.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mental reservation</b></col>, <cd>the withholding, or
failing to disclose, something that affects a statement, promise,
etc., and which, if disclosed, would materially change its
import.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1225 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*serv"a*tive</hw> (r?-z?rv"?-t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tending to reserve or keep; keeping; reserving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*serv"a*to*ry</hw> (-t?-r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>reservatorium</i>,fr. L. <i>resservare</i>. See <u>Reserve</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Reservior</u>.] <def>A place in
which things are reserved or kept.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*serve"</hw> (r?-z?rv"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reserved</u>. (z&?;rvd");<pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reserving</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;server</i>,
L. <i>reservare</i>, <i>reservatum</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>servare</i> to keep. See <u>Serve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
keep back; to retain; not to deliver, make over, or disclose.</def> "I
have <i>reserved</i> to myself nothing."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to keep in store for future or
special use; to withhold from present use for another purpose or time;
to keep; to retain.</def>  <i>Gen. xxvii. 35.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hast thou seen the treasures of the hail, which I have
<i>reserved</i> against the time of trouble?</blockquote> <i>Job
xxxviii. 22,23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reserve</i> your kind looks and language for private
hours.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make an exception of; to except.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*serve"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;serve</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of reserving,
or keeping back; reservation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>However any one may concur in the general scheme, it is
still with certain <i>reserves</i> and deviations.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is reserved, or kept back, as
for future use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The virgins, besides the oil in their lamps, carried
likewise a <i>reserve</i> in some other vessel for a continual
supply.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is excepted;
exception.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each has some darling lust, which pleads for a
<i>reserve</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Restraint of freedom in words or actions;
backwardness; caution in personal behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul, surprised, and from her sex disjoined,<BR>
Left all <i>reserve</i>, and all the sex, behind.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The clergyman's shy and sensitive <i>reserve</i> had
balked this scheme.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A tract of land reserved, or set apart, for
a particular purpose; as, the Connecticut <i>Reserve</i> in Ohio,
originally set apart for the school fund of Connecticut; the Clergy
<i>Reserves</i> in Canada, for the support of the clergy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A body of troops in the rear
of an army drawn up for battle, reserved to support the other lines as
occasion may require; a force or body of troops kept for an
exigency.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Banking)</i> <def>Funds kept on hand to meet
liabilities.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In reserve</b></col>, <cd>in keeping for other or future
use; in store; as, he has large quantities of wheat <i>in reserve</i>;
he has evidence or arguments <i>in reserve</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Reserve air</b></col>. <i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Supplemental air</i>, under <u>Supplemental</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Reservation; retention; limitation; backwardness;
reservedness; coldness; restraint; shyness; coyness; modesty.</p>

<p><hw>Re*served"</hw> (-z?rvd"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Kept for future or special use, or for an
exigency; as, <i>reserved</i> troops; a <i>reserved</i> seat in a
theater.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Restrained from freedom in words or
actions; backward, or cautious, in communicating one's thoughts and
feelings; not free or frank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To all obliging, yet <i>reserved</i> to
all.</blockquote> <i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing <i>reserved</i> or sullen was to
see.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*serv"ed*ly</wf> (r&?;-z&?;rv"&?;d-l&?;),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Re*serv"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Res`er*vee"</hw> (r&ebreve;z`&etilde;r*v&emacr;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One to, or for, whom anything is reserved; -
- contrasted with <i>reservor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*serv"er</hw> (r&esl;*z&etilde;rv"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who reserves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*serv"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of a
reserve force of soldiers or militia.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Res"er*voir`</hw> (r&ebreve;z"&etilde;r*vw&ocirc;r`; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;servoir</i>, fr. LL.
<i>reservatorium</i>. See <u>Reservatory</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A place where anything is kept in store; especially, a place
where water is collected and kept for use when wanted, as to supply a
fountain, a canal, or a city by means of aqueducts, or to drive a mill
wheel, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small intercellular space,
often containing resin, essential oil, or some other secreted
matter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Receiving reservoir</b></col> <i>(Water Works)</i>, <cd>a
principal reservoir into which an aqueduct or rising main delivers
water, and from which a distributing reservoir draws its
supply.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*serv"or</hw> (r?-z?rv"?r or r?z`?r-v?r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who reserves; a reserver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*set"</hw> (r?-s?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set
again; as, to <i>reset</i> type; to <i>reset</i> copy; to <i>reset</i>
a diamond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"set</hw> (r?"s?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of resetting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>That which is reset; matter
set up again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*set"</hw> (r?-s?t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>recete</i>, <i>recepte</i>, a receiving.  Cf. <u>Receipt</u>.]
<i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The receiving of stolen goods, or harboring an
outlaw.</def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*set"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Scots Law)</i>
<def>To harbor or secrete; to hide, as stolen goods or a
criminal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall see if an English hound is to harbor and
<i>reset</i> the Southrons here.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*set"ter</hw> (-t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots Law)</i>
<def>One who receives or conceals, as stolen goods or
criminal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*set"ter</hw> (r?-S?t"t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
resets, or sets again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*set"tle</hw> (r?-s?t"t'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
settle again.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*set"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To settle again,
or a second time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*set"tle*ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Act of settling again, or state of being settled again; as, the
<i>resettlement</i> of lees.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>resettlement</i> of my discomposed
soul.</blockquote> <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*shape"</hw> (r?-sh?p"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
shape again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ship"</hw> (r?-sh?p"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ship
again; to put on board of a vessel a second time; to send on a second
voyage; as, to <i>reship</i> bonded merchandise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ship"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To engage one's
self again for service on board of a vessel after having been
discharged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ship"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of reshipping; also, that which is reshippped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ship"per</hw> (-p?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
reships.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res`i*ance</hw> (r?z"?-<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>reseantia</i>, &?;&?; OF. <i>reseance</i>.] <def>Residence;
abode.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"i*ant</hw> (-<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>reseant</i>, <i>resseant</i>, L. <i>residens</i>. See
<u>Resident</u>.] <def>Resident; present in a place.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In which her kingdom's throne is chiefly
<i>resiant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"i*ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A resident.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*side"</hw> (r?-z?d"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Resided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Residing</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;sider</i>, L. <i>residere</i>; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dwell permanently or for a considerable
time; to have a settled abode for a time; to abide continuosly; to
have one's domicile of home; to remain for a long time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the moated grange, <i>resides</i> this dejected
Mariana.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In no fixed place the happy souls
<i>reside</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a seat or fixed position; to
inhere; to lie or be as in attribute or element.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In such like acts, the duty and virtue of contentedness
doth especially <i>reside</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sink; to settle, as sediment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dwell; inhabit; sojourn; abide; remain; live;
domiciliate; domicile.</p>

<p><hw>Res"i*dence</hw> (r?z"?-d<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;sidence</i>. See <u>Resident</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or fact of residing, abiding, or dwelling in a place for
some continuance of time; as, the <i>residence</i> of an American in
France or Italy for a year.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The confessor had often made considerable
<i>residences</i> in Normandy.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place where one resides; an abode; a
dwelling or habitation; esp., a settled or permanent home or
domicile.</def> "Near the <i>residence</i> of Posthumus."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Johnson took up his <i>residence</i> in
London.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng.Eccl.Law)</i> <def>The residing of an
incumbent on his benefice; -- opposed to
<i>nonresidence</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The place where anything rests
permanently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But when a king sets himself to bandy against the
highest court and <i>residence</i> of all his regal power, he then, .
. . fights against his own majesty and kingship.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Subsidence, as of a sediment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which falls to the bottom of liquors;
sediment; also, refuse; residuum.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Domiciliation; sojourn; stay; abode; home; dwelling;
habitation; domicile; mansion.</p>

<p><hw>Res"i*den*cy</hw> (-d<i>e</i>n-s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Residence.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A political agency at a native court in
British India, held by an officer styled the Resident; also, a Dutch
commercial colony or province in the East Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"i*dent</hw> (-d<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;sident</i>, L. <i>residens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>residere</i>. See <u>Reside</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dwelling,
or having an abode, in a place for a continued length of time;
residing on one's own estate; -- opposed to <i>nonresident</i>; as,
<i>resident</i> in the city or in the country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fixed; stable; certain.</def> [Obs.]
"Stable and <i>resident</i> like a rock."  <i>Jer. TAylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One there still <i>resident</i> as day and
night.</blockquote> <i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"i*dent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who resides or dwells in a place for some time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A diplomatic representative who resides at
a foreign court; -- a term usualy applied to ministers of a rank
inferior to that of ambassadors. See the Note under <u>Minister</u>,
4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"i*dent*er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
resident.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Res`i*den""tial</hw> (-d?n"sh<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a residence or residents;
as, <i>residential</i> trade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Residing; residentiary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Res`i*den"tia*ry</hw> (-d?n"sh?-r?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>residentiaris</i>.] <def>Having residence; as, a canon
<i>residentary</i>; a <i>residentiary</i> guardian.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res`i*den"tia*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is resident.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>residentiary</i>, or the frequent visitor of the
favored spot, . . . will discover that both have been
there.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastic who keeps a certain
residence.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inhabitant; inhabiter; dweller; sojourner.</p>

<p><hw>Res`i*den"tia*ry*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
office or condition of a residentiary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"i*dent*ship</hw> (r?z"?-d<i>e</i>nt-sh?p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or condition of a
resident.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sid"er</hw> (r?-z?d"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
resides in a place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sid"u*al</hw> (r?-z?d"?-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Residue</u>.] <def>Pertaining to a residue; remaining after a
part is taken.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Residual air</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>that portion
of air contained in the lungs which can not be expelled even by the
most violent expiratory effort. It amounts to from 75 to 100 cubic
inches.  Cf. <i>Supplemental air</i>, under <u>Supplemental</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Residual error</b></col>. <i>(Mensuration)</i> <cd>See
<u>Error</u>, 6 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Residual
figure</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the figure which remains after a
less figure has been taken from a greater one.</cd> --
<col><b>Residual magnetism</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>remanent
magnetism. See under <u>Remanent</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Residual
product</b></col>, <cd>a by product, as cotton waste from a cotton
mill, coke and coal tar from gas works, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Residual
quantity</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>a binomial quantity the two
parts of which are connected by the negative sign, as <i>a-b</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Residual root</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>the root of a
residual quantity, as <i>&radic;(a-b)</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*sid"u*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The difference of the results obtained by
observation, and by computation from a formula.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The difference between the mean of several
observations and any one of them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sid"u*a*ry</hw> (-?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Residue</u>.] <def>Consisting of residue; as, <i>residuary</i>
matter; pertaining to the residue, or part remaining; as, the
<i>residuary</i> advantage of an estate.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Residuary clause</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that part of
the testator's will in which the residue of his estate is disposed
of.</cd> -- <col><b>Residuary devise</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
person to whom the residue of real estate is devised by a will.</cd> -
- <col><b>Residuary legatee</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the person to
whom the residue of personal estate is bequeathed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Res"i*due</hw> (r?z"?-d?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;sidu</i>, L. <i>residuum</i>, fr. <i>residuus</i> that is
left behind, remaining, fr. <i>residere</i> to remain behind. See
<u>Reside</u>, and cf. <u>Residuum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which remains after a part is taken, separated, removed, or
designated; remnant; remainder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>residue</i> of them will I deliver to the
sword.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xv. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If church power had then prevailed over its victims,
not a <i>residue</i> of English liberty would have been
saved.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>That part of a testeator's
estate wwhich is not disposed of in his will by particular and special
legacies and devises, and which remains after payment of debts and
legacies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>That which remains of a
molecule after the removal of a portion of its constituents; hence, an
atom or group regarded as a portion of a molecule; -- used as nearly
equivalent to <i>radical</i>, but in a more general sense.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>radical</i> is sometimes restricted to groups
containing carbon, the term <i>residue</i> being applied to the
others.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Theory of Numbers)</i> <def>Any positive or
negative number that differs from a given number by a multiple of a
given modulus; thus, if 7 is the modulus, and 9 the given number, the
numbers  -5, 2, 16, 23, etc., are <i>residues</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rest; remainder; remnant; balance; residuum;
remains; leavings; relics.</p>

<p><hw>Re*sid"u*ous</hw> (r?-z?d"?-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>residuus</i>.] <def>Remaining; residual.</def>  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sid"u*um</hw> (-?m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Residue</u>.] <def>That which is left after any process of
separation or purification; that which remains after certain specified
deductions are made; residue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"I think so," is the whole <i>residuum</i> . . . after
evaporating the prodigious pretensions of the zealot
demagogue.</blockquote> <i>L. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*siege"</hw> (r?-s?j"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-
</i> + <i>siege</i> a seat.] <def>To seat again; to reinstate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re-sign"</hw> (r?-s?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-
</i> + <i>sign</i>.] <def>To affix one's signature to, a second time;
to sign again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sign"</hw> (r?-z?n"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Resigned</u> (-z?nd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Resigning</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;signer</i>, L.
<i>resignare</i> to unseal, annul, assign, resign; pref. <i>re-</i>
re- + <i>signare</i> to seal, stamp. See <u>Sign</u>, <i>and cf</i>.
<u>Resignation</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sign back; to return by a formal act; to
yield to another; to surrender; -- said especially of office or
emolument. Hence, to give up; to yield; to submit; -- said of the
wishes or will, or of something valued; -- also often used
reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I here <i>resign</i> my government to
thee.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lament not, Eve, but patiently <i>resign</i><BR>
What justly thou hast lost.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What more reasonable, than that we should in all things
<i>resign</i> up ourselves to the will of God?</blockquote>
<i>Tiilotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To relinquish; to abandon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He soon <i>resigned</i> his former suit.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To commit to the care of; to consign.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Gentlement of quality have been sent beyong the seas,
<i>resigned</i> and concredited to the conduct of such as they call
governors.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abdicate; surrender; submit; leave; relinquish;
forego; quit; forsake; abandon; renounce.  -- <u>Resign</u>,
<u>Relinquish</u>. To <i>resign</i> is to give up, as if breaking a
seal and yielding all it had secured; hence, it marks a formal and
deliberate surrender. To <i>relinquish</i> is less formal, but always
implies abandonment and that the thing given up has been long an
object of pursuit, and, usually, that it has been prized and desired.
We <i>resign</i> what we once held or considered as our own, as an
office, employment, etc. We speak of <i>relinquishing</i> a claim, of
<i>relinquishing</i> some advantage we had sought or enjoyed, of
<i>relinquishing</i> seme right, privilege, etc. "Men are weary with
the toil which they bear, but can not find it in their hearts to
<i>relinquish</i> it." <i>Steele.</i> See <u>Abdicate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re sign"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Resignation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res`ig*na"tion</hw> (r?z`?g-n?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;signation</i>. See <u>Resign</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of resigning or giving up, as a claim, possession,
office, or the like; surrender; as, the <i>resignation</i> of a crown
or comission.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being resigned or submissive;
quiet or patient submission; unresisting acquiescence; as,
<i>resignation</i> to the will and providence of God.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Patience; surrender; relinquisment; forsaking;
abandonment; abdication; renunciation; submission; acquiescence;
endurance. See <u>Patience</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*signed"</hw> (r?-z?nd"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Submissive; yielding; not disposed to resist or murmur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A firm, yet cautious mind;<BR>
Sincere, thought prudent; constant, yet <i>resigned</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sign"ed*ly</hw> (r?-z?n"?d-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>With submission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res`ign*ee"</hw> (r?z`?-n?"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One to
whom anything is resigned, or in whose favor a resignation is
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sign"er</hw> (r?-z?n"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
resigns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sign"ment</hw> (-m<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of resigning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sile"</hw> (r?-z?l"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Resiled</u> (-z?ld"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Resiling</u>.] [L. <i>resilire</i> to leap or spring
back; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>salire</i> to leap, spring. See
<u>Salient</u>.] <def>To start back; to recoil; to recede from a
purpose.</def>  <i>J. Ellis.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*sil"i*ence</hw> (r?-z?l"?-<i>e</i>ns),
<hw>Re*sil"i*en*cy</hw> (-<i>e</i>n-s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of resiling, springing back, or
rebounding; as, the <i>resilience</i> of a ball or of sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech. &amp; Engyn.)</i> <def>The mechanical work
required to strain an elastic body, as a deflected beam, stretched
spring, etc., to the elastic limit; also, the work performed by the
body in recovering from such strain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sil"i*ent</hw> (-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resiliens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Leaping back; rebounding;
recoiling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res`i*li"tion</hw> (r?z`?-l?sh"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Resilience.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Res"in</hw> (r?z"?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;sine</i>, L. <i>resina</i>; cf. Gr. <grk>"rhti`nh</grk>
Cf. <u>Rosin</u>.] <def>Any one of a class of yellowish brown solid
inflammable substances, of vegetable origin, which are nonconductors
of electricity, have a vitreous fracture, and are soluble in ether,
alcohol, and essential oils, but not in water; specif., pine resin
(see <u>Rosin</u>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Resins</i> exude from trees in combination with essential
oils, gums, etc., and in a liquid or semiliquid state. They are
composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and are supposed to be
formed by the oxidation of the essential oils. Copal, mastic,
guaiacum, and colophony or pine resin, are some of them. When mixed
with gum, they form the gum resins, like asafetida and gamboge; mixed
with essential oils, they form balsams, or oleoresins.</p>

<p><col><b>Highgate resin</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a fossil resin
resembling copal, occuring in blue clay at Highgate, near London.</cd>
-- <col><b>Resin bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low composite
shrub (<i>Euryops speciosissimus</i>) of South Africa, having smooth
pinnately parted leaves and abounding in resin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Res`in*a"ceous</hw> (-?"sh?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the quality of resin; resinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"in*ate</hw> (r?z"?n-?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of the salts the resinic acids.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1226 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*sin"ic</hw> (r?-z?n"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, resin; as, the <i>resinic</i>
acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res`in*if"er*ous</hw> (r?z`?n-?f"?r-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Resin</i> +  <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;sinif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Yielding resin; as, a
<i>resiniferous</i> tree or vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"in*i*form</hw> (r?z"?n-?-f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Resin</i> + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;siniforme</i>.]
<def>Having the form of resin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res`in*o-e*lec"tric</hw> (-?-?-l?k"tr?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Containing or exhibiting resinous
electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"in*oid</hw> (r?z"?n-oid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Somewhat like resin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"in*ous</hw> (-?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resinous</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;sineux</i>. See <u>Resin</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to resin; of the nature of resin; resembling or
obtained from resin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Resinous electricity</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>,
<cd>electricity which is exited by rubbing bodies of the resinous
kind. See <i>Negative electricity</i>, under <u>Negative</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Res"in*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By means, or in
the manner, of resin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"in*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being resinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"in*y</hw> (-?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like resin;
resinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res`i*pis"cence</hw> (r?s`?-p?s"s<i>e</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>resipiscentia</i>, from <i>resipiscere</i>
to recover one's senses: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;sipiscence</i>.]
<def>Wisdom derived from severe experience; hence, repentance.</def>
[R.]  <i>Bp. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sist"</hw> (r?-z?st"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Resisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Resisting</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;sister</i>, L.  <i>resistere</i>,
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>sistere</i> to stand, cause to stand, v.
causative of <i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Stand</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stand against; to withstand; to
obstruct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That mortal dint,<BR>
Save He who reigns above, none can <i>resist</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strive against; to endeavor to
counteract, defeat, or frustrate; to act in opposition to; to
oppose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>resisteth</i> the proud.</blockquote> <i>James
iv. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Contrary to his high will<BR>
Whom we <i>resist</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To counteract, as a force, by inertia or
reaction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be distasteful to.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To withstand; oppose; hinder; obstruct; counteract;
check; thwart; baffle; disappoint.</p>

<p><hw>Re*sist"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
opposition.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sist"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Calico Printing)</i>
<def>A substance used to prevent a color or mordant from fixing on
those parts to which it has been applied, either by acting
machanically in preventing the color, etc., from reaching the cloth,
or chemically in changing the color so as to render it incapable of
fixing itself in the fibers.. The pastes prepared for this purpose are
called <i>resist pastes</i>.</def>  <i>F. C. Calvert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sist"ance</hw> (-<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;sistance</i>, LL. <i>resistentia</i>, fr.
<i>resistens</i>, - <i>entis</i>, p. pr. See <u>Resist</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of resisting; opposition, passive or
active.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When King Demetrius saw that . . . no <i>resistance</i>
was made against him, he sent away all his forces.</blockquote> <i>1.
Macc. xi. 38.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The quality of not
yielding to force or external pressure; that power of a body which
acts in opposition to the impulse or pressure of another, or which
prevents the effect of another power; as, the <i>resistance</i> of the
air to a body passing through it; the <i>resistance</i> of a target to
projectiles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A means or method of resisting; that which
resists.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unfold to us some warlike
<i>resistance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A certain hindrance or
opposition to the passage of an electrical current or discharge
offered by conducting bodies. It bears an inverse relation to the
conductivity, -- good conductors having a small resistance, while poor
conductors or insulators have a very high resistance. The unit of
resistance is the ohm.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Resistance box</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a rheostat
consisting of a box or case containing a number of resistance coils of
standard values so arranged that they can be combined in various ways
to afford more or less resistance.</cd> -- <col><b>Resistance
coil</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a coil of wire introduced into an
electric circuit to increase the resistance.</cd> -- <col><b>Solid of
least resistance</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a solid of such a form
as to experience, in moving in a fluid, less resistance than any other
solid having the same base, height, and volume.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*sist"ant</hw> (-<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;sistant</i>: cf. L. <i>resistens</i>. See <u>Resist</u>.]
<def>Making resistance; resisting.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, resists.</def>  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sist"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
resists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sist"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making much
resistance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sist`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (-?-b?l"?-t?), <pos><i>n..</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being resistible;
resistibleness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being resistant;
resitstance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The name "body" being the complex idea of extension and
<i>resistibility</i> together in the same subject.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sist"i*ble</hw> (r?-z?st"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>r&eacute;sistible</i>.] <def>Capable of being resisted; as, a
<i>resistible</i> force.</def> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i> --
<wf>Re*sist"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*sist"i*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*sist"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making resistance;
opposing; as, a <i>resisting</i> medium.</def> -- <wf>Re*sist"ing
ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*sist"ive</hw> (-?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
resist.</def>  <i>B. Jonsosn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sist"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having no power to resist; making no opposition.</def> [Obs. or
R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being resisted;
irresistible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Masters' commands come with a power
<i>resistless</i><BR>
To such as owe them absolute subjection.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*sist"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*sist"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*lu*ble</hw> (r?z"?-l?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>resolubolis</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;soluble</i>. See
<u>Resolve</u>, and cf. <u>Resolvable</u>.] <def>Admitting of being
resolved; resolvable; as, bodies <i>resoluble</i> by fire.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i> -- <wf>Res"o*lu*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*lute</hw> (r?z"?-l?t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;solu</i>. The L. <i>resolutus</i> (p. p. of
<i>resolvere</i>) means, relaxed, enervated, effeminate. See
<u>Resolve</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a decided purpose; determined; resolved; fixed in a
determination; hence, bold; firm; steady.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Edward is at hand,<BR>
Ready to fight; therefore be <i>resolute</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Convinced; satisfied; sure.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Resolving, or explaining; as, the
<i>Resolute</i> Doctor Durand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Determined; decided; fixed; steadfast; steady;
constant; persevering; firm; bold; unshaken.</p>

<p><hw>Res"o*lute</hw> (r?z"?-l?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is resolute; hence, a desperado.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Redelivery; repayment.</def> [Obs.] "Yearly
<i>resolutes</i>, deductions, and payments."  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*lute*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a resolute
manner; with fixed purpose; boldly; firmly; steadily; with
perseverance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some . . . facts he examines, some he <i>resolutely</i>
denies.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*lute*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being resolute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res`o*lu"tion</hw> (-l?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;solution</i>. L.  <i>resolutio</i> a loosening, solution.
See <u>Resolve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act, operation, or
process of resolving. Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The act of
separating a compound into its elements or component parts.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The act of analyzing a complex notion, or solving
a vexed question or difficult problem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unraveling and <i>resolution</i> of the
difficulties that are met with in the execution of the design are the
end of an action.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being relaxed;
relaxation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being resolved, settled, or
determined; firmness; steadiness; constancy; determination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be it with <i>resolution</i> then to
fight.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is resolved or determined; a
settled purpose; determination.  Specifically: A formal expression of
the opinion or will of an official body or a public assembly, adopted
by vote; as, a legislative <i>resolution</i>; the <i>resolutions</i>
of a public meeting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The state of being resolved or firm in
opinion or thought; conviction; assurance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Little <i>resolution</i> and certainty there is as
touching the islands of Mauritania.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The act or process of
solving; solution; as, the <i>resolution</i> of an equation or
problem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A breaking up, disappearance;
or termination, as of a fever, a tumor, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The passing of a dissonant
into a consonant chord by the rising or falling of the note which
makes the discord.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Joint resolution</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Joint</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Resolution of a force</b></col>
or <col><b>motion</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the separation of a
single force or motion into two or more which have different
directions, and, taken together, are an equivalent for the single one;
-- the opposite of <i>composition of a force</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Resolution of a nebula</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
exhibition of it to the eye by a telescope of such power as to show it
to be composed of small stars.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Decision; analysis; separation; disentanglement;
dissolution; resolvedness; resoluteness; firmness; constancy;
perseverance; steadfastness; fortitude; boldness; purpose; resolve.
See <u>Decision</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Res`o*lu"tion*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes a resolution; one who joins with others in a declaration or
resolution; specifically, one of a party in the Scottish Church in the
17th century.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was sequestrated afterwards as a
<i>Resolutioner</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res`o*lu"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
a resolution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*lu`tive</hw> (r?z"?-lu`t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>r&eacute;solutif</i>.] <def>Serving to dissolve or relax.</def>
[R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*lu*to*ry</hw> (r?z"?-l?-t?-r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resolutive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*solv`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (r?-z?lv`?-b?l"?-t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or condition of being
resolvable; resolvableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*solv"a*ble</hw> (r?-z?lv"?-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Resolve</u>, and cf. <u>Resoluble</u>.] <def>Admitting of being
resolved; admitting separation into constituent parts, or reduction to
first principles; admitting solution or explanation; as,
<i>resolvable</i> compounds; <i>resolvable</i> ideas or
difficulties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*solv"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being resolvable; resolvability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*solve"</hw> (r?*z?lv"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Resolved</u> (-z?lvd"); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Resolving</u>.] [L. <i>resolvere</i>,
<i>resolutum</i>, to untie, loosen, relax, enfeeble; pref. <i>re-</i>
re- + <i>solvere</i> to loosen, dissolve: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;soudare</i> to resolve. See <u>Solve</u>, and cf.
<u>Resolve</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Resolute</u>,
<u>Resolution</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate the component
parts of; to reduce to the constituent elements; -- said of compound
substances; hence, sometimes, to melt, or dissolve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, that this too too solid flesh would melt,<BR>
Thaw, and <i>resolve</i> itself into a dew!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye immortal souls, who once were men,<BR>
And now <i>resolved</i> to elements again.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to simple or intelligible
notions; -- said of complex ideas or obscure questions; to make clear
or certain; to free from doubt; to disentangle; to unravel; to
explain; hence, to clear up, or dispel, as doubt; as, to
<i>resolve</i> a riddle.</def> "<i>Resolve</i> my doubt."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To the <i>resolving</i> whereof we must first know that
the Jews were commanded to divorce an unbelieving
Gentile.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to perceive or understand; to
acquaint; to inform; to convince; to assure; to make
certain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir, be <i>resolved</i>. I must and will
come.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Resolve</i> me, Reason, which of these is worse,<BR>
Want with a full, or with an empty purse?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In health, good air, pleasure, riches, I am
<i>resolved</i> it can not be equaled by any region.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We must be <i>resolved</i> how the law can be pure and
perspicuous, and yet throw a polluted skirt over these Eleusinian
mysteries.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To determine or decide in purpose; to make
ready in mind; to fix; to settle; as, he was <i>resolved</i> by an
unexpected event.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To express, as an opinion or determination,
by resolution and vote; to declare or decide by a formal vote; --
followed by a clause; as, the house resolved (or, it was resolved by
the house) that no money should be apropriated (or, to appropriate no
money).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To change or convert by resolution or
formal vote; -- used only reflexively; as, the house <i>resolved</i>
itself into a committee of the whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To solve, as a problem, by
enumerating the several things to be done, in order to obtain what is
required; to find the answer to, or the result of.</def>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To dispere or scatter; to
discuss, as an inflammation or a tumor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To let the tones (as of a
discord) follow their several tendencies, resulting in a
concord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To relax; to lay at ease.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To resolve a nebula</b></col>.<i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Resolution of a nebula</i>, under <u>Resolution</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To solve; analyze; unravel; disentangle.</p>

<p><hw>Re*solve"</hw> (r?-z?lv"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [The sense
"to be convinced, to determine" comes from the idea of loosening,
breaking up into parts, analyzing, hence, determining.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be separated into its component parts or
distinct principles; to undergo resolution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To melt; to dissolve; to become
fluid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the blood stagnates in any part, it first
coagulates, then <i>resolves</i>, and turns alkaline.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthhnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be settled in opinion; to be
convinced.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let men <i>resolve</i> of that as they
plaease.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To form a purpose; to make a decision;
especially, to determine after reflection; as, to <i>resolve</i> on a
better course of life.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To determine; decide; conclude; purpose.</p>

<p><hw>Re*solve"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of resolving or making clear; resolution; solution.</def>
"To give a full <i>resolve</i> of that which is so much controverted."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which has been resolved on or
determined; decisive conclusion; fixed purpose; determination; also,
legal or official determination; a legislative declaration; a
resolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor is your firm <i>resolve</i> unknown.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>C&aelig;sar's approach has summoned us together,<BR>
And Rome attends her fate from our <i>resolves</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*solved"</hw> (r?-z?lvd"), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Having a fixed purpose; determined; resolute; -- usually placed
after its noun; as, a man <i>resolved</i> to be rich.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That makes him a <i>resolved</i> enemy.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>resolved</i> she shall not settle
here.</blockquote> <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*solv"ed*ly</hw> (r?z?lv"?d-l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>So as to resolve or clear up difficulties;
clearly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of that, and all the progress, more or less,<BR>
<i>Resolvedly</i> more leisure shall express.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resolutely; decidedly; firmly.</def>
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*solv"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fixedness of
purpose; firmness; resolution.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*solv"ent</hw> (-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having power to resolve; causing solution; solvent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*solv"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>resolvens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>resolvere</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;solvant</i>. See
<u>Resolve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which has the power of
resolving, or causing solution; a solvent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>That which has power to
disperse inflammatory or other tumors; a discutient; anything which
aids the absorption of effused products.</def>  <i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>An equation upon whose
solution the solution of a given pproblem depends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*solv"er</hw> (r?-z?lv"?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which decomposes, or dissolves.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which clears up and removes
difficulties, and makes the mind certain or determined.</def>  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who resolves, or formal a firm
purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*nance</hw> (r?z"?-n<i>a</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>r&eacute;sonance</i>, L. <i>resonantia</i> an echo.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of resounding; the quality or state of
being resonant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Acoustics)</i> <def>A prolongation or
increase of any sound, either by reflection, as in a cavern or
apartment the walls of which are not distant enough to return a
distinct echo, or by the production of vibrations in other bodies, as
a sounding-board, or the bodies of musical instruments.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pulmonary resonance</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the sound
heard on percussing over the lungs.</cd> -- <col><b>Vocal
resonance</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the sound transmitted to the
ear when auscultation is made while the patient is speaking.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*nan*cy</hw> (-n<i>a</i>n-s?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Resonance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*nant</hw> (-n<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resonans</i>, p. pr. of <i>resonare</i> to resound: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;sonnant</i>. See <u>Resound</u>.] <def>Returning, or
capable of returning, sound; fitted to resound; resounding; echoing
back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through every hour of the golden morning, the streets
were <i>resonant</i> with female parties of young and
old.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*nant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a resonant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*na`tor</hw> (-n?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Acoustics)</i> <def>Anything which resounds; specifically, a
vessel in the form of a cylinder open at one end, or a hollow ball of
brass with two apertures, so contrived as to greatly intensify a
musical tone by its resonance. It is used for the study and analysis
of complex sounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sorb"</hw> (r?-s?rb"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reorbere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>sorbere</i> to suck or
drink in.] <def>To swallow up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now lifted by the tide, and now
<i>resorbed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sorb"ent</hw> (-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resorbens</i>, p. pr. of <i>resorbere</i>.] <def>Swallowing
up.</def>  <i>Wodhull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res*or"cin</hw> (r?z-?r"s?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Res</i>in + <i>orcin</i>. So called because in its higher
homologue it resembles <i>orcin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless
crystalline substance of the phenol series, obtained by melting
certain resins, as galbanum, asafetida, etc., with caustic potash. It
is also produced artificially and used in making certain dyestuffs, as
phthale&iuml;n, fluoresce&iuml;n, and eosin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res`or*cyl"ic</hw> (r?z`?r-s?l"?k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, or pertaining to, or producing, resorcin; as,
<i>resorcylic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sorp"tion</hw> (r?*s?rp"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of resorbing; also, the act of absorbing again;
reabsorption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sort"</hw> (r?*z?rt"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ressort</i>.] <def>Active power or movement; spring.</def> [A
Gallicism] [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some . . . know the <i>resorts</i> and falls of
business that can not sink into the main of it.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sort"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Resorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Resorting</u>.] [OF. <i>resortir</i> to withdraw, take refuge, F.
<i>ressortir</i> to be in the jurisdiction, LL. <i>resortire</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + L. <i>sortiri</i> to draw lots, obtain by lot,
from <i>sors</i> lot. See <u>Sort</u>.  The meaning is first to
reobtain (by lot), then to gain by appeal to a higher court (as a law
term), to appeal, go for protection or refuge.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To go; to repair; to betake one's self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What men name <i>resort</i> to him?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fall back; to revert.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The inheritance of the son never <i>resorted</i> to the
mother, or to any of her ancestors.</blockquote> <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1227 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have recourse; to apply; to one's self
for help, relief, or advantage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king thought it time to <i>resort</i> to other
counsels.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sort"</hw> (r?*z?rt"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ressort</i> jurisdiction. See <u>Resort</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of going to, or making application; a
betaking one's self; the act of visiting or seeking; recourse; as, a
place of popular <i>resort</i>; -- often figuratively; as, to have
<i>resort</i> to force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Join with me to forbid him her
<i>resort</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place to which one betakes himself
habitually; a place of frequent assembly; a haunt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Far from all <i>resort</i> of mirth.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That to which one resorts or looks for
help; resource; refuge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Last resort</b></col>, <cd>ultimate means of relief; also,
final tribunal; that from which there is no appeal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*sort"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
resorts; a frequenter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*soun"</hw> (r?*z??n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reason.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*soun"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To
resound.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re-sound"</hw> (r?*sound"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-  + sound</i>.] <def>To sound again or anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sound"</hw> (r?*zound"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Resounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Resounding</u>.] [OE. <i>resounen</i>, OF.
<i>resoner</i>, F. <i>r&eacute;sonner</i>, from L. <i>resonare</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>sonare</i> to sound, <i>sonus</i> sound. See
<u>Sound</u> to make a noise.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sound
loudly; as, his voice <i>resounded</i> far.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be filled with sound; to ring; as, the
woods <i>resound</i> with song.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be echoed; to be sent back, as
sound.</def> "Common fame . . . <i>resounds</i> back to them again."
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be mentioned much and loudly.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To echo or reverberate; to be resonant; as,
the earth <i>resounded</i> with his praise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sound"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To throw back, or return, the sound of; to echo; to
reverberate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Albion's cliffs <i>resound</i> the
rur&?;&?;ay.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To praise or celebrate with the voice, or
the sound of instruments; to extol with sounds; to spread the fame
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man for wisdom's various arts renowned,<BR>
Long exercised in woes, O muse, <i>resound</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To echo; re&euml;cho; reverberate; sound.</p>

<p><hw>Re*sound"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Return of sound;
echo.</def>  <i>Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*source"</hw> (r?*s?rs"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ressource</i>, fr. OF. <i>ressourdre</i>, <i>resourdre</i>, to
spring forth or up again; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>sourdre</i> to
spring forth. See <u>Source</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That to
which one resorts orr on which one depends for supply or support;
means of overcoming a difficulty; resort; expedient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Threat'nings mixed with prayers, his last
<i>resource</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Pecuniary means; funds; money,
or any property that can be converted into supplies; available means
or capabilities of any kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scotland by no means escaped the fate ordained for
every country which is connected, but not incorporated, with another
country of greater <i>resources</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Expedient; resort; means; contrivance.</p>

<p><hw>Re*source"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
resources.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*source"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
resources.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*source"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<pos><i>R.</i></pos> <pos><i>Browning.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*sow"</hw> (r?*s?"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sow
again.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sown"</hw> (r?*zoun"), <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>To
resound.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*speak"</hw> (r?*sp?k"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To speak or utter again.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To answer; to echo.</def> [Obs. or Poetic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*spect"</hw> (r?*sp?kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Respected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Respecting</u>.] [L. <i>respectare</i>, v. intens.
from <i>respicere</i>, <i>respectum</i>, to look back, respect; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>specere</i>, <i>spicere</i>, to look, to view: cf.
F. <i>respecter</i>. See <u>Spy</u>, and cf. <u>Respite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take notice of; to regard with special
attention; to regard as worthy of special consideration; hence, to
care for; to heed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>respectest</i> not spilling Edward's
blood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In orchards and gardens, we do not so much
<i>respect</i> beauty as variety of ground for fruits, trees, and
herbs.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To consider worthy of esteem; to regard
with honor.</def> "I do <i>respect</i> thee as my soul."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To look toward; to front upon or
toward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Palladius adviseth the front of his house should so
<i>respect</i> the &?;&?;uth.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To regard; to consider; to deem.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To whom my father gave this name of Gaspar,<BR>
And as his own <i>respected</i> him to death.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To have regard to; to have reference to; to
relate to; as, the treaty particularly <i>respects</i> our
commerce.</def></p>

<p><col><b>As respects</b></col>, <cd>as regards; with regard to; as
to.</cd> <i>Macaulay.</i> -- <col><b>To respect the person</b></col>
or <col><b>persons</b></col>, <cd>to favor a person, or persons on
corrupt grounds; to show partiality.</cd> "Ye shall not <i>respect
persons</i> in judgment." <i>Deut. i. 17.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To regard; esteem; honor; revere; venerate.</p>

<p><hw>Re*spect"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>respectus</i>: cf.
F. <i>respect</i>. See <u>Respect</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Respite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of noticing with
attention; the giving particular consideration to; hence, care;
caution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But he it well did ward with wise
<i>respect</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Esteem; regard; consideration;
honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seen without awe, and served without
<i>respect</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The same men treat the Lord's Day with as little
<i>respect</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. Nelson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An expression of respect of
deference; regards; as, to send one's <i>respects</i> to
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Reputation; repute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many of the best <i>respect</i> in Rome.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Relation; reference; regard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They believed but one Supreme Deity, which, with
<i>respect</i> to the various benefits men received from him, had
several titles.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Particular; point regarded; point of view;
as, in this <i>respect</i>; in any <i>respect</i>; in all
<i>respects</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Everything which is imperfect, as the world must be
acknowledged in many <i>respects</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In one <i>respect</i> I'll be thy
assistant.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Consideration; motive; interest.</def>
[Obs.] "Whatever secret <i>respects</i> were likely to move them."
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To the publik good<BR>
Private <i>respects</i> must yield.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In respect</b></col>, <cd>in comparison.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>In respect of</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>In comparison with.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>As to; in regard to.</cd> [Archaic] "Monsters <i>in respect of</i>
their bodies." <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i> "<i>In respect of</i> these
matters." <i>Jowett. (Thucyd.)</i> -- <col><b>In, or With</b></col>,
<col><b>respect to</b></col>, <cd>in relation to; with regard to; as
respects.</cd> <i>Tillotson.</i> -- <col><b>To have respect of
persons</b></col>, <cd>to regard persons with partiality or undue
bias, especially on account of friendship, power, wealth, etc.</cd>
"It is not good <i>to have respect of persons</i> in judgment."
<i>Prov. xxiv. 23.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deference; attention; regard; consideration;
estimation. See <u>Deference</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*spect`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (r?*sp?kt`?*b?l"?*t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality of being respectable;
the state or quality which deserves or commands respect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*spect"a*ble</hw> (-&?;-b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>respectable</i>, LL. <i>respectabilis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Worthy of respect; fitted to awaken esteem; deserving regard;
hence, of good repute; not mean; as, a <i>respectable</i>
citizen.</def> "The <i>respectable</i> quarter of Sicca."  <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No government, any more than an individual, will long
be respected, without being truly <i>respectable</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Madison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moderate in degree of excellence or in
number; as, a <i>respectable</i> performance; a <i>respectable</i>
audience.</def></p>

<p>--<wf>Re*spect"a*ble*ness</wf>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*spect"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*spect"ant</hw> (-<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p.
pr. of <i>respecter</i>. See <u>Respect</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Placed so as to face one another; -- said of animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*spect"er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
respects.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A respecter of persons</b></col>, <cd>one who regards or
judges with partiality.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Of a truth I perceive that God is no <i>respecter of
persons</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts x. 34.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*spect"ful</hw> (-f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked or
characterized by respect; as, <i>respectful</i> deportment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With humble joi and with <i>respectful</i>
fear.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*spect"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*spect"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*spect"ing</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>With regard or
relation to; regarding; concerning; as, <i>respecting</i> his conduct
there is but one opinion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*spec"tion</hw> (r?*sp?k"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.LL.
<i>respectio</i>.] <def>The act of respecting; respect; regard.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Without difference or <i>respection</i> of
persons.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*spec"tive</hw> (r?*sp?k"t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>respectif</i>, LL. <i>respectivus</i>. See <u>Respect</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Noticing with attention; hence, careful; wary;
considerate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If you look upon the church of England with a
<i>respective</i> eye, you can not . . . refuse this
charge.</blockquote> <i>A&?;p. Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Looking towardl having reference to;
relative, not absolute; as, the <i>respective</i> connections of
society.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relating to particular persons or things,
each to each; particular; own; as, they returned to their
<i>respective</i> places of abode.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to awaken respect.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Rendering respect; respectful;
regardful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>respective</i> shame, rose, took us by the
hands.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With thy equals familiar, yet
<i>respective</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lord Burleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*spec"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>As relating to each; particularly; as each belongs to each; as
each refers to each in order; as, let each man <i>respectively</i>
perform his duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The impressions from the objects or the senses do
mingle <i>respectively</i> every one with its kind.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relatively; not absolutely.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Partially; with respect to private
views.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>With respect; regardfully.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*spect"less</hw> (r?*sp?kt"l?s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having no respect; without regard; regardless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rather than again<BR>
Endure, <i>respectless</i>, their so moving c&?;ies.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*spect"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]
<i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*spec"tu*ous</hw> (r?*sp?k"t?*?s;135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Respectful; as, a <i>respectuous</i>
silence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Respectable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*spell"</hw> (r?*sp?l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
spell again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sperse"</hw> (r?*sp?rs"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>respersus</i>, p. p. of <i>respergere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>spargere</i> to srew, sprinkle.] <def>To sprinkle; to
scatter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sper"sion</hw> (r?*sp?r"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>respersio</i>.] <def>The act of sprinkling or scattering.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*spir`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (r?*sp?r`?*b?l"?*t? or r?s`p?*r?-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>respirabilit&?;</i>.] <def>The quality
or state of being respirable; respirableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*spir"a*ble</hw> (r?*sp?r"?*b'l or r?s"p?*r?*b'l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>respirable</i>.] <def>Suitable for
being breathed; adapted for respiration.</def> --
<wf>Re*spir"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Res`pi*ra"tion</hw> (r?s`p?*r?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>respiratio</i>: cf. F. <i>respiration</i>. See <u>Respire</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of respiring or breathing again, or
catching one's breath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relief from toil or suffering: rest.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Till the day<BR>
Appear of <i>respiration</i> to the just<BR>
And vengeance to the wicked.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Interval; intermission.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act of resping or
breathing; the act of taking in and giving out air; the aggregate of
those processes bu which oxygen is introduced into the system, and
carbon dioxide, or carbonic acid, removed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Respiration in the higher animals is divided into:
(<i>a</i>) <i>Internal respiration</i>, or the interchange of oxygen
and carbonic acid between the cells of the body and the bathing them,
which in one sense is a process of nutrition. (<i>b</i>) <i>External
respiration</i>, or the gaseous interchange taking place in the
special respiratory organs, the lungs. This constitutes respiration
proper. <i>Gamgee.</i></p>

<p>   In the respiration of plants oxygen is likewise absorbed and
carbonic acid exhaled, but in the light this process is obscured by
another process which goes on with more vigor, in which the plant
inhales and absorbs carbonic acid and exhales free oxygen.</p>

<p><hw>Res`pi*ra"tion*al</hw> (r?s`p?*r?"sh?n-<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to respiration; as,
<i>respirational</i> difficulties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*spir"a*tive</hw> (r?*sp?*r?*t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to respiration; as, <i>respirative</i>
organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"pi*ra`tor</hw> (r?s"p?*r?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>respirateur</i>.] <def>A divice of gauze or wire, covering the
mouth or nose, to prevent the inhalation of noxious substances, as
dust or smoke. Being warmed by the breath, it tempers cold air passing
through it, and may also be used for the inhalation of medicated
vapors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*spir"a*to*ry</hw> (r?*sp?r"?*t?*r? or r?s"p?*r?-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
respiration; serving for respiration; as, the <i>respiratory</i>
organs; <i>respiratory</i> nerves; the <i>respiratory</i> function;
<i>respiratory</i> changes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Respiratory foods</b></col>. <i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>See 2d
Note under <u>Food</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> --
<col><b>Respiratory tree</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
branched internal gill of certain holothurians.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*spire"</hw> (r?*sp?r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Respired</u> (-sp?rd"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vvb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Respiring</u>.] [L. <i>respirare</i>,
<i>respiratum</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>spirare</i> to breathe:
cf. F. <i>respirer</i>. See <u>Spirit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take breath again; hence, to take rest or refreshment.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here leave me to <i>respire</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From the mountains where I now
<i>respire</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To breathe; to inhale air
into the lungs, and exhale it from them, successively, for the purpose
of maintaining the vitality of the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*spire"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To breathe in and out; to inspire and expire,, as air; to
breathe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A native of the land where I <i>respire</i><BR>
The clear air for a while.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To breathe out; to exhale.</def> [R.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"pite</hw> (r?s"p?t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>respit</i>, F. <i>r&eacute;pit</i>, from L. <i>respectus</i>
respect, regard, delay, in LL., the deferring of a day. See
<u>Respect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A putting off of that which
was appointed; a postponement or delay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I crave but four day's <i>respite</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Temporary intermission of labor, or of any
process or operation; interval of rest; pause; delay.</def> "Without
more <i>respite</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some pause and <i>respite</i> only I
require.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Temporary
suspension of the execution of a capital offender; reprieve.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The delay of appearance at court granted to a
jury beyond the proper term.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pause; interval; stop; cessation; delay;
postponement; stay; reprieve.</p>

<p><hw>Res"pite</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Respited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Respiting</u>.] [OF. <i>respiter</i>, LL. <i>respectare</i>. See
<u>Respite</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To give or grant a respite
to.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To delay or postpone;
to put off.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To keep back from
execution; to reprieve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forty days longer we do <i>respite</i>
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To relieve by a pause or interval of
rest.</def> "To <i>respite</i> his day labor with repast."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"pite*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
respite.</def>  <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*splen"dence</hw> (r?*spl?n"d<i>e</i>ns),
<hw>Re*splen"den*cy</hw> (-d<i>e</i>n*s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resplendentia</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being resplendent;
brilliant luster; vivid brightness; splendor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Son! thou in whom my glory I behold<BR>
In full <i>resplendence</i>, heir of all my might.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>resplendency</i> of his own almighty
goodness.</blockquote> <i>Dr. J. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*splen"dent</hw> (-d<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resplendens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>resplendere</i> to
shine brightly; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>splendere</i> to shine. See
<u>Splendid</u>.] <def>Shining with brilliant luster; very
bright.</def> -- <wf>Re*splen"dent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>With royal arras and <i>resplendent</i>
gold.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*splen"dish*ant</hw> (-d?sh*<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resplendent; brilliant.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*splen"dish*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resplendent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*split"</hw> (r?*spl?t"), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To split again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*spond"</hw> (r?*sp?nd"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Responded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Responding</u>.] [OF. <i>respondre</i>, F.
<i>r&eacute;pondre</i>, fr. L. <i>respondere</i>, <i>responsum</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>spondere</i> to promise. See
<u>Sponsor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To say somethin in return; to
answer; to reply; as, to <i>respond</i> to a question or an
argument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To show some effect in return to a force;
to act in response; to accord; to correspond; to suit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A new affliction strings a new cord in the heart, which
<i>responds</i> to some new note of complaint within the wide scale of
human woe.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To every theme <i>responds</i> thy various
lay.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To render satisfaction; to be answerable;
as, the defendant is held to <i>respond</i> in damages.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To answer; reply; rejoin. See <u>Reply</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*spond"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To answer; to reply.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suit or accord with; to correspond
to.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For his great deeds <i>respond</i> his speeches
great.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*spond"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
answer; a response.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A short anthem sung at
intervals during the reading of a chapter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A half pier or pillar
attached to a wall to support an arch.</def>  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*spond"ence</hw> (-<i>?</i>ns), <hw>Re*spond"en*cy</hw> (-
<i>e</i>n*s?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of responding; the
state of being respondent; an answering.</def>  <i>A.
Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The angelical soft trembling voice made<BR>
To the instruments divine <i>respondence</i> meet.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*spond"ent</hw> (-<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>respondens</i>, p. pr. of <i>respondere</i>.] <def>Disposed or
expected to respond; answering; according; corresponding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wealth <i>respondent</i> to payment and
contributions.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*spond"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;pondant</i>.] <def>One who responds. It corresponds in
general to <i>defendant</i>.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>One who answers in certain suits or proceedings,
generally those which are not according to the course of the common
law, as in equity and admiralty causes, in petitions for partition,
and the like; -- distinquished from <i>appellant</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who maintains a thesis in reply, and
whose province it is to refute objections, or overthrow arguments; --
distinguished from <i>opponent</i>.</def>  <i>I. Watts.  </i></p>

<p><! p. 1228 !></p>

<p><hw>||Re`spon*den"ti*a</hw> (r?`sp?n*d?n"sh?*?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Respondence</u>.] <i>(Commercial
Law)</i> <def>A loan upon goods laden on board a ship. It differs from
<i>bottomry</i>, which is a loan on the ship itself.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*spon"sal</hw> (r?*sp?n"s<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Answerable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*spon"sal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.LL.
<i>resposalis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is answerable or
responsible.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Response.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Brevint.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sponse"</hw> (r?*sp?ns"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>response</i>, <i>respons</i>, F. <i>r&eacute;ponse</i>, from L.
<i>responsum</i>, from <i>respondere</i>. See <u>Respond</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of responding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An answer or reply.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Reply to an objection in formal
disputation.</def> <i>I. Watts.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>The answer of the people or congregation to the priest or
clergyman, in the litany and other parts of divine service.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>A kind of anthem sung after
the lessons of matins and some other parts of the office.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A repetition of the given
subject in a fugue by another part on the fifth above or fourth
below.</def> <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sponse"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving no
response.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*spon`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (r?*sp?n`s?*b?l"?*t?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-ties</b></plw> (-t&?;z).
[Cf. F. <i>responsabilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state of being responsible, accountable, or answerable, as for a
trust, debt, or obligation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That for which anyone is responsible or
accountable; as, the <i>resonsibilities</i> of power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ability to answer in payment; means of
paying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*spon"si*ble</hw> (r?*sp?n"s?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>responsable</i>. See <u>Respond</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Liable to respond; likely to be called upon to answer;
accountable; answerable; amenable; as, a guardian is
<i>responsible</i> to the court for his conduct in the
office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Able to respond or answer for one's conduct
and obligations; trustworthy, financially or otherwise; as, to have a
<i>responsible</i> man for surety.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Involving responsibility; involving a
degree of accountability on the part of the person concerned; as, a
<i>responsible</i> office.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Accountable; answerable; amenable.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*spon"si*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*spon"si*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*spon"sion</hw> (-sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>responsio</i>. See <u>Respond</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of answering.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(University of Oxford)</i> <def>The first
university examination; -- called also <i>little go</i>. See under
<u>Little</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Re*spon"sive</hw> (-s?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>resposif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That responds; ready or
inclined to respond.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suited to something else;
correspondent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vocal lay <i>responsive</i> to the
strings.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Responsible.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*spon"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*spon"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re`spon*so"ri*al</hw> (r?`sp?n*s?"r?-<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Responsory; antiphonal.</def>  <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*spon"so*ry</hw> (r?*sp?n"s?*r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing or making answer; answering.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*spon"so*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
ries</b></plw> (-r&?;z). [LL. <i>responsorium</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The answer of the people to
the priest in alternate speaking, in church service.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A versicle sung in answer to the priest, or
as a refrain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which, if should repeat again, would turn my answers
into <i>responsories</i>, and beget another liturgy.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An antiphonary; a response
book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rest</hw> (r?st), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [For <i>arrest</i>.]
<def>To arrest.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rest</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>rest</i>,
<i>r&aelig;st</i>, rest; akin to D. <i>rust</i>, G. <i>rast</i>. OHG.
<i>rasta</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>rast</i> rest, repose, Icel.
<i>r&ouml;st</i> the distance between two resting places, a mole,
Goth. <i>rasta</i> a mile, also to Goth. <i>razn</i> house, Icel.
<i>rann</i>, and perhaps to G. <i>ruhe</i> rest, repose, AS.
<i>r&omacr;w</i>, Gr. <grk>'erwh`</grk>.  Cf. <u>Ransack</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state of quiet or repose; a cessation from
motion or labor; tranquillity; as, <i>rest</i> from mental exertion;
<i>rest</i> of body or mind.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sleep give thee all his <i>rest</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, freedom from everything which
wearies or disturbs; peace; security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the land had <i>rest</i> fourscore
years.</blockquote> <i>Judges iii. 30.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sleep; slumber; hence, poetically,
death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How sleep the brave who sink to <i>rest</i>,<BR>
By all their country's wishes blest.</blockquote> <i>Collins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That on which anything rests or leans for
support; as, a <i>rest</i> in a lathe, for supporting the cutting tool
or steadying the work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He made narrowed <i>rests</i> round about, that the
beams should not be fastened in the walls of the house.</blockquote>
<i>1 Kings vi. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>A projection from the
right side of the cuirass, serving to support the lance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their visors closed, their lances in the
<i>rest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A place where one may rest, either
temporarily, as in an inn, or permanently, as, in an abode.</def>
"Halfway houses and travelers' <i>rests</i>."  <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In dust our final <i>rest</i>, and native
home.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye are not as yet come to the <i>rest</i> and to the
inheritance which the Lord your God giveth you.</blockquote> <i>Deut.
xii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A short pause in reading
verse; a c&aelig;sura.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The striking of a balance at regular
intervals in a running account.</def> "An account is said to be taken
with annual or semiannual <i>rests</i>."  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A set or game at tennis.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Silence in music or in one
of its parts; the name of the character that stands for such silence.
They are named as notes are, <i>whole</i>, <i>half</i>,
<i>quarter</i>,etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rest house</b></col>, <cd>an empty house for the
accomodation of travelers; a caravansary.</cd> [India] -- <col><b>To
set, or To set up</b></col>, <col><b>one's rest</b></col>, <cd>to have
a settled determination; -- from an old game of cards, when one so
expressed his intention to stand or rest upon his hand.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak. Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cessation; pause; intermission; stop; stay; repose;
slumber; quiet; ease; quietness; stillness; tranquillity;
peacefulness; peace.  -- <u>Rest</u>, <u>Repose</u>. <i>Rest</i> is a
ceasing from labor or exertion; <i>repose</i> is a mode of resting
which gives relief and refreshment after toil and labor. The words are
commonly interchangeable.</p>

<p><hw>Rest</hw> (r&ebreve;st), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Resting</u>.] [AS. <i>restan</i>. See <u>Rest</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cease from action or
motion, especially from action which has caused weariness; to desist
from labor or exertion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . <i>rested</i> on the seventh day from all his
work which he had made.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day
thou shalt <i>rest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxiii. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be free from whanever wearies or
disturbs; to be quiet or still.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>rest</i>, if any rest can harbor
there.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lie; to repose; to recline; to lan; as,
to <i>rest</i> on a couch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stand firm; to be fixed; to be
supported; as, a column <i>rests</i> on its pedestal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To sleep; to slumber; hence, poetically, to
be dead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fancy . . . then retries<BR>
Into her private cell when Nature <i>rests</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To lean in confidence; to trust; to rely;
to repose without anxiety; as, to <i>rest</i> on a man's
promise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On him I <i>rested</i>, after long debate,<BR>
And not without considering, fixed &?;&?; fate.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To be satisfied; to acquiesce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>rest</i> in Heaven's determination.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To rest with</b></col>, <cd>to be in the power of; to
depend upon; as, it <i>rests with</i> him to decide.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rest</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
lay or place at rest; to quiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your piety has paid<BR>
All needful rites, to <i>rest</i> my wandering shade.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place, as on a support; to cause to
lean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her weary head upon your bosom
<i>rest</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rest</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>reste</i>, fr.
<i>rester</i> to remain, L. <i>restare</i> to stay back, remain; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>stare</i> to stand, stay. See <u>Stand</u>, and
cf. <u>Arrest</u>, <u>Restive</u>.] (With the definite article.)
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is left, or which remains after the
separation of a part, either in fact or in contemplation; remainder;
residue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Religion gives part of its reward in hand, the present
comfort of having done our duty, and, for the <i>rest</i>, it offers
us the best security that Heaven can give.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Those not included in a proposition or
description; the remainder; others.</def> "Plato and the <i>rest</i>
of the philosophers."  <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Armed like the <i>rest</i>, the Trojan prince
appears.</blockquote> <i>DRyden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A surplus held as a reserved
fund by a bank to equalize its dividends, etc.; in the Bank of
England, the balance of assets above liabilities.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Remainder; overplus; surplus; remnant; residue;
reserve; others.</p>

<p><hw>Rest</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>rester</i>. See
<u>Rest</u> remainder.] <def>To be left; to remain; to continue to
be.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The affairs of men <i>rest</i> still
uncertain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*stag"nant</hw> (r?*st?g"n<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>restagnans</i>, p. pr. ] <def>Stagnant; motionless.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*stag"nate</hw> (-n?t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>restagnare</i> to overflow.] <def>To stagnate; to cease to
flow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`stag*na"tion</hw> (-n?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>restagnatio</i> aninundation.] <def>Stagnation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Res"tant</hw> (r?s"t<i>a</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>restans</i>, p. pr. of <i>restare</i>: cf. F. <i>restant</i>.  See
<u>Rest</u> remainder.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Persistent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*state"</hw> (r?*st?t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
state anew.</def>  <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"tau*rant</hw> (r?s"t?*r?nt;277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. <i>restaurer</i>. See <u>Restore</u>.] <def>An eating
house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"tau*rate</hw> (r?s"t?*r?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>restauratus</i>, p. p. of <i>restaurare</i>. See <u>Restore</u>.]
<def>To restore.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Re`stau`ra`teur"</hw> (r?`st?`r?`t?r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>The keeper of an eathing house or a restaurant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res`tau*ra"tion</hw> (r?s`t?*r?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[LL. <i>restauratio</i>: cf. F. <i>restauration</i>.]
<def>Restoration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*stem"</hw> (r?*st?m"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To force back against the current; as, to
<i>restem</i> their backward course.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stem, or move against; as, to
<i>restem</i> a current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rest"ful</hw> (r?st"f?l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being at rest; quiet.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Giving rest; freeing from toil, trouble,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tired with all these, for <i>restful</i> death I
cry.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Rest"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rest"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rest"-har`row</hw> (-h?r`r?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A European leguminous plant (<i>Ononis
arvensis</i>) with long, tough roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rest"iff</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Restive.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rest"iff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A restive or stubborn
horse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rest"iff*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Restiveness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Res"ti*form</hw> (r?s"t?*f?rm), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>restis</i> rope + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Formed like a
rope; -- applied especially to several ropelike bundles or masses of
fibers on the dorsal side of the medulla oblongata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rest"i*ly</hw> (r?st"?*l?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
resty manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*stinc"tion</hw> (r?*st?nk"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L.
<i>restinctio</i>. See <u>Restinguish</u>.] <def>Act of quenching or
extingishing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rest"i*ness</hw> (r?st`&ibreve;*n?s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being resty; sluggishness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The snake by <i>restiness</i> and lying still all
winter.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rest"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Rest</u>,
<pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Resting spore</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a spore in
certain orders of alg&aelig;, which remains quiescent, retaining its
vitality, for long periods of time.</cd>  <i>C. E. Bessey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*stin"guish</hw> (r?*st?n"gw?sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>restinquere</i>, <i>restinctum</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>stinquere</i> to quench.] <def>To quench or extinguish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>R. Field.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"ti*tute</hw> (r?s"t?*t?t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>restitutus</i>, p. p. of <i>restituere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>statuere</i> to put, place. See <u>Statute</u>.] <def>To restore to
a former state.</def> [R.]  <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res"ti*tute</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
restored or offered in place of something; a substitute.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Res`ti*tu"tion</hw> (r?s`t?*t?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>restitution</i>, L. <i>restitutio</i>. See <u>Restitute</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of restoring
anything to its rightful owner, or of making good, or of giving an
equivalent for any loss, damage, or injury; indemnification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>restitution</i> of ancient rights unto the
crown.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>restitution</i> to the value makes.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is offered or given in return
for what has been lost, injured, or destroved; compensation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The act of returning to,
or recovering, a former state; as, the <i>restitution</i> of an
elastic body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The movement of rotetion
which usually occurs in childbirth after the head has been delivered,
and which causes the latter to point towards the side to which it was
directed at the beginning of labor.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Restoration; return; indemnification; reparation;
compensation; amends; remuneration.</p>

<p><hw>Res"ti*tu`tor</hw> (r?s"t?*t?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.:
cf. F. <i>restituteur</i>.] <def>One who makes restitution.</def>
[R].</p>

<p><hw>Rest"ive</hw> (r?st"?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>restif</i>, F. <i>r&eacute;tif</i>, fr. L. <i>restare</i> to stay
back, withstand, resist. See <u>Rest</u> remainder, and cf.
<u>Restiff</u>.] . <def>Unwilling to go on; obstinate in refusing to
move forward; stubborn; drawing back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Restive</i> or resty, drawing back, instead of going
forward, as some horses do.</blockquote> <i>E. Philips (1658).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The people remarked with awe and wonder that the beasts
which were to drag him [Abraham Holmes] to the gallows became
<i>restive</i>, and went back.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inactive; sluggish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Impatient under coercion, chastisement, or
opposition; refractory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Uneasy; restless; averse to standing still;
fidgeting about; -- applied especially to horses.</def>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Rest"ive</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rest"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rest"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>restle&aacute;s</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Never resting;
unquiet; uneasy; continually moving; as, a <i>restless</i>
child.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i> "<i>Restless</i> revolution day by day."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not satisfied to be at rest or in peace;
averse to repose or quiet; eager for change; discontented; as,
<i>restless</i> schemers; <i>restless</i> ambition; <i>restless</i>
subjects.</def>  "<i>Restless</i> at home , and ever prone to range."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Deprived of rest or sleep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Restless</i> he passed the remnants of the
night.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Passed in unquietness; as, the patient has
had a <i>restless</i> night.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not affording rest; as, a <i>restless</i>
chair.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Restless thrush</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Grinder</u>, 3.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unquiet; uneasy; disturbed; disquieted; sleepless;
agitated; unsettled; roving; wandering.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Rest"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>-
<wf>Rest"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*stor"a*ble</hw> (r?*st?r"?*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Admitting of being restored; capable of being reclaimed; as,
<i>restorable</i> land.</def> <i>Swift.</i> --
<wf>Re*stor"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*stor"al</hw> (-<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Restoration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res`to*ra"tion</hw> (r?s`t?*r?"sh?n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>restauracion</i>, F. <i>restauration</i>, fr. L.
<i>restauratio</i>. See <u>Restore</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of restoring or bringing back to a former place, station, or
condition; the fact of being restored; renewal; re&euml;stablishment;
as, the <i>restoration</i> of friendship between enemies; the
<i>restoration</i> of peace after war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold the different climes agree,<BR>
Rejoicing in thy <i>restoration</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being restored; recovery of
health, strength, etc.; as, <i>restoration</i> from
sickness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is restored or
renewed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The restoration</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>the
return of King Charles II. in 1660, and the re&euml;stablishment of
monarchy.</cd> -- <col><b>Universal restoration</b></col>
<i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>the final recovery of all men from sin and
alienation from God to a state of happiness; universal
salvation.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Recovery; replacement; renewal; renovation;
redintegration; reinstatement; re&euml;stablishment; return; revival;
restitution; reparation.</p>

<p><hw>Res`to*ra"tion*er</hw> (-?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Restorationist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res`to*ra"tion*ism</hw> (-?z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
belief or doctrines of the Restorationists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res`to*ra"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes in a temporary future punishment and a final restoration of
all to the favor and presence of God; a Universalist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*stor"a*tive</hw> (r?*st?r"?*t?v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>restoratif</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to restoration; having
power to restore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Destroys life's enemy,<BR>
Hunger, with sweet <i>restorative</i> delight.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*stor"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something which
serves to restore; especially, a restorative medicine.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*stor"a*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
restorative manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"to*ra`tor</hw> (r?s"t?*r?`t?r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
restaurateur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*stor"a*to*ry</hw> (r?*st?r"?*t?*r?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Restorative.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re-store"</hw> (r?*st?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>store</i>.] <def>To store again; as, the goods taken
out were <i>re-stored</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*store"</hw> (r?*st?r"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Restored</u> (r?-st?rd");
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Restoring</u>.] [OE.
<i>restoren</i>, OF. <i>restorer</i>, F. <i>restaurer</i>, fr. L.
<i>restaurare</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + an unused word; cf. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; an upright pale or stake, Skr. <i>sth&?;vara</i> fixed,
firm.  Cf. <u>Restaurant</u>, <u>Store</u>.] <def>To bring back to its
former state; to bring back from a state of ruin, decay, disease, or
the like; to repair; to renew; to recover.</def> "To <i>restore</i>
and to build Jerusalem."  <i>Dan. ix. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our fortune <i>restored</i> after the severest
afflictions.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And his hand was <i>restored</i> whole as the
other.</blockquote> <i>Mark iii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give or bring back, as that which has
been lost., or taken away; to bring back to the owner; to
replace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now therefore <i>restore</i> the man his
wife.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xx. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Loss of Eden, till one greater man<BR>
<i>Restore</i> us, and regain the blissful seat.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The father banished virtue shall
<i>restore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To renew; to re&euml;stablish; as, to
<i>restore</i> harmony among those who are variance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give in place of, or as satisfaction
for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall <i>restore</i> five oxen for an ox, and four
sheep for a sheep.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxii. 1.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1229 !></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make good; to make amends for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But if the while I think on thee, dear friend,<BR>
All losses are <i>restored</i>, and sorrows end.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
bring back from a state of injury or decay, or from a changed
condition; as, to <i>restore</i> a painting, statue, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To form a picture or model of, as of
something lost or mutilated; as, to <i>restore</i> a ruined building,
city, or the like.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To return; replace; refund; repay; reinstate;
rebuild; re&euml;stablish; renew; repair; revive; recover; heal;
cure.</p>

<p><hw>Re*store"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Restoration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*store"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Restoration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*stor"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, restores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*strain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Restrained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Restraining</u>.] [OE. <i>restreinen</i>, F. <i>restreindre</i>,
fr. L. <i>restringere</i>, <i>restrictum</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>stringere</i> to draw, bind, or press together. See <u>Strain</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Restrict</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To draw back again; to hold back from acting, proceeding, or
advancing, either by physical or moral force, or by any interposing
obstacle; to repress or suppress; to keep down; to curb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Restrain</i> in me the cursed thoughts that
nature<BR>
Gives way to in repose!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw back toghtly, as a rein.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hinder from unlimited enjoiment; to
abridge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though they two were committed, at least
<i>restrained</i> of their liberty.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To limit; to confine; to restrict.</def>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not only a metaphysical or natural, but a moral,
universality also is to be <i>restrained</i> by a part of the
predicate.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To withhold; to forbear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>restrained</i> prayer before God.</blockquote>
<i>Job. xv. 4.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To check; hinder; stop; withhold; repress; curb;
suppress; coerce; restrict; limit; confine.</p>

<p><hw>Re*strain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being restrained; controllable.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*strain"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
restraint.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*strain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, restrains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*strain"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
restraining.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*straint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>restraincte</i>, fr. <i>restrainct</i>, F. <i>restreint</i>, p. p.
of <i>restraindre</i>, <i>restrendre</i>. See <u>Restrain</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of restraining, or of
holding back or hindering from motion or action, in any manner;
hindrance of the will, or of any action, physical or mental.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man was altogether above the <i>restrains</i> of
law, and no man altogether below its protection.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being restrained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which restrains, as a law, a
prohibition, or the like; limitation; restriction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For one <i>restraint</i>, lords of the world
besides.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Repression; hindrance; check; stop; curb;&?;oercion;
confinement; limitation; restriction.</p>

<p><hw>Re*strength"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
strengthen again; to fortify anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*strict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>restrictus</i>, p. p. of <i>restringere</i>. See <u>Restrain</u>.]
<def>Restricted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*strict"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Restricted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Restricting</u>.] <def>To restrain within bounds; to limit; to
confine; as, to <i>restrict</i> worlds to a particular meaning; to
<i>restrict</i> a patient to a certain diet.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To limit; bound; circumscribe; restrain; repress;
curb; coerce.</p>

<p><hw>Re*stric"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>restriction</i>, L. <i>restrictio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of restricting, or state of being restricted; confinement within
limits or bounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is to have the same <i>restriction</i> with all
other recreations,that it be made a divertisement.</blockquote>
<i>Giv. of Tonque.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which restricts; limitation;
restraint; as, <i>restrictions</i> on trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*stric"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Restrictive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*strict"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>restrictif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving or tending to restrict; limiting;
as, a <i>restrictive</i> particle; <i>restrictive</i> laws of
trade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Astringent or styptic in effect.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p>--<wf>Re*strict"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*strict"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*stringe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Restringed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Restringing</u> (?).] [L. <i>restringere</i>. See
<u>Restrain</u>.] <def>To confine; to contract; to stringe.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*strin"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or
state of being restringent; astringency.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W.
Petty.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*strin"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>restringens</i>, p. pr.: cf. F. <i>restringent</i>.]
<def>Restringing; astringent; styptic.</def> [Obs.] --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A restringent medicine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*strive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To strive
anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rest"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to rest;
indisposed toexercton; sluggish; also, restive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the master is too <i>resty</i> or too rich to say
his own prayers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`sub*jec"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second
subjection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`sub*lime"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sublime
again.</def> <i>Newton.</i> -- <wf>Re*sub`li*ma"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re`su*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resudare</i> to sweat again. See <u>Sudation</u>.] <def>Act of
sweating again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sult"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Resulted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Resulting</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;sulter</i>, fr. L.
<i>resultare</i>, <i>resultarum</i>, to spring or leap back, v.
intens. fr. <i>resilire</i>. See <u>Resile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To leap back; to rebound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The huge round stone, <i>resulting</i> with a
bound.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come out, or have an issue; to
terminate; to have consequences; -- followed by <i>in</i>; as, this
measure will <i>result</i> in good or in evil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To proceed, spring, or rise, as a
consequence, from facts, arguments, premises, combination of
circumstances, consultation, thought, or endeavor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pleasure and peace do naturally <i>result</i> from a
holy and good life.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Resulting trust</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a trust raised
by implication for the benefit of a party granting an estate. The
phrase is also applied to a trust raised by implication for the
benefit of a party who advances the purchase money of an estate,
etc.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> -- <col><b>Resulting use</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a use which, being limited by the deed, expires or
can not vest, and thence returns to him who raised it.</cd>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To proceed; spring; rise; arise; ensue;
terminate.</p>

<p><hw>Re*sult"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A flying back; resilience.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sound is produced between the string and the air by the
return or the <i>result</i> of the string.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which results; the conclusion or end
to which any course or condition of things leads, or which is obtained
by any process or operation; consequence or effect; as, the
<i>result</i> of a course of action; the <i>result</i> of a
mathematical operation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If our proposals once again were heard,<BR>
We should compel them to a quick <i>result</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The decision or determination of a council
or deliberative assembly; a resolve; a decree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then of their session ended they bid cry<BR>
With trumpet's regal sound the great <i>result</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Effect; consequence; conclusion; inference; issue;
event. See <u>Effect</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*sult"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
resulting; that which results; a result.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sult"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resultans</i>, p. pr. : cf. F. <i>r&eacute;sultant</i>.]
<def>Resulting or issuing from a combination; existing or following as
a result or consequence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Resultant force</b></col> or <col><b>motion</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a force which is the result of two or more forces
acting conjointly, or a motion which is the result of two or more
motions combined. See <i>Composition of forces</i>, under
<u>Composition</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*sult"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
results.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A
reultant force or motion.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>An eliminant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>resultant</i> of homogeneous general functions
of <i>n</i> variables is that function of their coefficients which,
equaled to zero, expresses in the simplest terms the condition of the
possibility of their existence.</blockquote> <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sult"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resultatus</i>, p. p. ] <def>A result.</def> [Obs.] "The
<i>resultate</i> of their counsil."  <i>BAcon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sult"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>HAving results
or effects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sult"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resultant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sult"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
result; as, <i>resultless</i> investigations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sum"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of, or
admitting of, being resumed.</def>  <i>Sir M. HAle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Re`su"m&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Resume</u>.] <def>A summing up; a condensed statement; an
abridgment or brief recapitulation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The exellent little <i>r&eacute;sum&eacute;</i> thereof
in Dr. Landsborough's book.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Resumed</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Resuming</u>.] [L. <i>resumere</i>, <i>resumptum</i>; pref. <i>re-
</i> re- + <i>sumere</i> to take: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;sumer</i>. See
<u>Assume</u>, <u>Redeem</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take
back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun, like this, from which our sight we have,<BR>
Gazed on too long, <i>resumes</i> the light he gave.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps God will <i>resume</i> the blessing he has
bestowed ere he attains the age of manhood.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter upon, or take up again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reason <i>resumed</i> her place, and Passion
fled.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To begin again; to recommence, as something
which has been interrupted; as, to <i>resume</i> an argument or
discourse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sum"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To summon
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sum"mons</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second
summons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sump"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;sumption</i>, L.  <i>resumptio</i> restoration, recovery,
fr. <i>resumere</i>. See <u>Resume</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of resuming; as, the <i>resumption</i> of a grant, of delegated
powers, of an argument, of specie payments, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng.Law)</i> <def>The taking again into the
king's hands of such lands or tenements as he had granted to any man
on false suggestions or other error.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sump"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [cf. L.
<i>resumptivus</i> restorative.] <def>Taking back; resuming, or
tending toward resumption; as, <i>resumptive</i> measures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*su"pi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resupinatus</i>, p. p.  of <i>resupinare</i> to bend back. See
<u>Resupine</u>.] <def>Inverted in position; appearing to be upside
down or reversed, as the flowers of the orchis and the leaves of some
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*su"pi*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resupinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*su`pi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of luing on the back; the state of being resupinate, or
reversed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our Vitruvius calleth this affection in the eye a
<i>resupination</i> of the figure.</blockquote> <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`su*pine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resupinus</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>supinus</i> bent backward,
supine.] <def>Lying on the back; supine; hence, careless.</def>
<i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He spake, and, downward swayed, fell
<i>resupine</i>,<BR>
With his huge neck aslant.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`sup*ply"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sur"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
rising again; resurrection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sur"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resurgens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>resurgere</i>. See
<u>Resurrection</u>.] <def>Rising again, as from the dead.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sur"gent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who rises
again, as from the dead.</def> [R.]  <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Res`ur*rect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Resurrection</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take from the grave;
to disinter.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reanimate; to restore to life; to bring
to view (that which was forgotten or lost).</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Res`ur*rec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;surrection</i>, L. <i>resurrectio</i>, fr.
<i>resurgere</i>, <i>resurrectum</i>, to rise again; pref.  <i>re-</i>
re- + <i>surgere</i> to rise. See <u>Source</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A rising again; the resumption of vigor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the rising again from the dead;
the resumption of life by the dead; as, the <i>resurrection</i> of
Jesus Christ; the general <i>resurrection</i> of all the dead at the
Day of Judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor after <i>resurrection</i> shall he stay<BR>
Longer on earth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>State of being risen from the dead; future
state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>resurrection</i> they neither marry nor are
given in marriage.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxii. 30.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The cause or exemplar of a rising from the
dead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am the <i>resurrection</i>, and the
life.</blockquote> <i>John xi. 25.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cross of the resurrection</b></col>, <cd>a slender cross
with a pennant floating from the junction of the bars.</cd> --
<col><b>Resurrection plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given
to several species of <i>Selaginella</i> (as <i>S. convoluta</i> and
<i>S. lepidophylla</i>), flowerless plants which, when dry, close up
so as to resemble a bird's nest, but revive and expand again when
moistened. The name is sometimes also given to the rose of Jericho.
See under <u>Rose</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Res`ur*rec"tion*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
steals bodies from the grave, as for dissection.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Res`ur*rec"tion*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
raise from the dead.</def> [R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`sur*vey"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To survey
again or anew; to review.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sur"vey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second or new
survey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sus"ci*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
resuscitation; as, <i>resuscitable</i> plants.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sus"ci*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which resuscitates. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sus"ci*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resuscitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>resuscitare</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re-
+ <i>suscitare</i> to raise, rouse. See <u>Suscitate</u>.]
<def>Restored to life.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Gardiner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sus"ci*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Resuscitated</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Resuscitating</u>.] <def>To revivify; to revive;
especially, to recover or restore from apparent death; as, to
<i>resuscitate</i> a drowned person; to <i>resuscitate</i> withered
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sus"ci*tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come to
life again; to revive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These projects, however often slain, always
<i>resuscitate</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sus`ci*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>resuscitatio</i>.] <def>The act of resuscitating, or state of being
resuscitated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The subject of <i>resuscitation</i> by his
sorceries.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*sus"ci*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to resuscitate; reviving; revivifying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sus"ci*ta`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who, or that which, resuscitates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Aret</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ret</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Akin to <i>rot</i>.] <def>To
prepare for use, as flax, by separating the fibers from the woody part
by process of soaking, macerating, and other treatment.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ta"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A
shelf behind the altar, for display of lights, vases of wlowers,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"tail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>retaille</i>
piece cut off, shred, paring, or OF. <i>retail</i>, from
<i>retailler</i>. See <u>Retail</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>The
sale of commodities in small quantities or parcels; -- opposed to
<i>wholesale</i>; sometimes, the sale of commodities at second
hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"tail</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Done at retail; engaged
in retailing commodities; as a <i>retail</i> trade; a <i>retail</i>
grocer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Retailed</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Retailing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>retailler</i> to cut again; pref. <i>re-
</i> re + <i>tailler</i> to cut. See <u>Retail</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Tailor</u>, and cf. <u>Detail</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sell in small quantities, as by the single
yard, pound, gallon, etc.; to sell directly to the consumer; as, to
<i>retail</i> cloth or groceries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sell at second hand.</def> [Obs. or R.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To distribute in small portions or at
second hand; to tell again or to many (what has been told or done); to
report; as, to <i>retail</i> slander.</def> "To whom I will
<i>retail</i> my conquest won."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is wit's peddler, and <i>retails</i> his wares<BR>
At wakes and wassails.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tail"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who retails
anything; as, a <i>retailer</i> of merchandise; a <i>retailer</i> of
gossip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tail"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
retailing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Retained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Retaining</u>.] [F. <i>retainir</i>, L. <i>retinere</i>; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>tenere</i> to hold, keep. See <u>Tenable</u>, and
cf. <u>Rein</u> of a bridle, <u>Retention</u>, <u>Retinue</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To continue to hold; to keep in possession;
not to lose, part with, or dismiss; to retrain from departure, escape,
or the like.</def> "Thy shape invisible<i>retain</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be obedient, and <i>retain</i><BR>
Unalterably firm his love entire.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An executor may <i>retain</i> a debt due to him from
the testator.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep in pay; to employ by a preliminary
fee paid; to hire; to engage; as, to <i>retain</i> a
counselor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A Benedictine convent has now <i>retained</i> the most
learned father of their order to write in its defense.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To restrain; to prevent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Retaining wall</b></col> <i>(Arch. &amp; Engin.)</i>, <cd>a
wall built to keep any movable backing, or a bank of sand or earth, in
its place; -- called also <i>retain wall</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To keep; hold; retrain. See <u>Keep</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*tain"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To belong; to pertain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A somewhat languid relish, <i>retaining</i> to
bitterness.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep; to continue; to remain.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being retained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tain"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
retaining; retention.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, retains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is retained or kept in service; an
attendant; an adherent; a hanger-on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a servant, not a domestic, but
occasionally attending and wearing his master's livery.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of
a client by which he engages a lawyer or counselor to manage his
cause.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act of withholding what one
has in his hands by virtue of some right.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A fee paid to engage a lawyer or counselor to maintain a cause,
or to prevent his being employed by the opposing party in the case; --
called also <i>retaining fee</i>.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1230 !></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of keeping dependents, or the state
of being in dependence.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tain"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
retaining; retention.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*take"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take or receive again.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take from a captor; to recapture; as, to
<i>retake</i> a ship or prisoners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes
again what has been taken; a recaptor.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tal"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Retaliated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Retaliating</u>.] [L. <i>retaliatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>retaliare</i> to retaliate; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + a word akin to
<i>talio</i> talion, retaliation.  Cf. <u>Talion</u>.] <def>To return
the like for; to repay or requite by an act of the same kind; to
return evil for (evil). [Now seldom used except in a bad
sense.]</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One ambassador sent word to the duke's son that his
visit should be <i>retaliated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is unlucky to be obliged to <i>retaliate</i> the
injuries of authors, whose works are so soon forgotten that we are in
danger of appearing the first aggressors.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tal"i*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To return like
for like; specifically, to return evil for evil; as, to
<i>retaliate</i> upon an enemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tal`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
retaliating, or of returning like for like; retribution; now,
specifically, the return of evil for evil; <i>e</i>.<i>g</i>., an eye
for an eye, a tooth for a tooth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . takes what is done to others as done to
himself, and by promise obloges himself to full
<i>retaliation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Calamy.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Requital; reprisal; retribution; punishment.</p>

<p><hw>Re*tal"i*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Retaliatory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tal"i*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to, or involving, retaliation; retaliative; as <i>retaliatory</i>
measures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Retarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Retarding</u>.] [L. <i>retardare</i>, <i>retardatum</i>; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>tardare</i> to make slow, to delay, fr.
<i>tardus</i> slow: cf. F. <i>retarder</i>. See <u>Tardy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep delaying; to continue to hinder; to
prevent from progress; to render more slow in progress; to impede; to
hinder; as, to <i>retard</i> the march of an army; to <i>retard</i>
the motion of a ship; -- opposed to <i>accelerate</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put off; to postpone; as, to
<i>retard</i> the attacks of old age; to <i>retard</i> a rupture
between nations.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To impede; hinder; obstruct; detain; delay;
procrastinate; postpone; defer.</p>

<p><hw>Re*tard"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stay back.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir. T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tard"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Retardation;
delay.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Retard, or Age</b></col>, <col><b>of the tide</b></col>,
<cd>the interval between the transit of the moon at which a tide
originates and the appearance of the tide itself.  It is found, in
general, that any particular tide is not principally due to the moon's
transit immediately proceeding, but to a transit which has occured
some time before, and which is said to correspond to it. The <i>retard
of the tide</i> is thus distinguished from the <i>lunitidal
interval</i>. See under <u>Retardation</u>.</cd> <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`tar*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>retardatio</i>: cf. F. <i>retardation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of retarding; hindrance; the act of delaying; as, the
<i>retardation</i> of the motion of a ship; -- opposed to
<i>acceleration</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>retardations</i> of our fluent
motion.</blockquote> <i>De Quinsey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which retards; an obstacle; an
obstruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hills, sloughs, and other terrestrial
<i>retardations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The keeping back of an
approaching consonant chord by prolonging one or more tones of a
previous chord into the intermediate chord which follows; -- differing
from <i>suspension</i> by resolving upwards instead of
downwards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The extent to which anything is retarded;
the amount of retarding or delay.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Retardation of the tide</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The lunitidal interval, or the hour angle of the moon at the time
of high tide any port; the interval between the transit of the moon
and the time of high tide next following</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The age of the tide; the retard of the tide. See under
<u>Retard</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*tard"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>retardatif</i>.] <def>Tending, or serving, to retard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tard"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, retards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tard"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>retardement</i>.] <def>The act of retarding; retardation.</def>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Retch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Retched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Retching</u>.] [AS. <i>hr&?;can</i> to clear the throat, hawk, fr.
<i>hraca</i> throat; akin to G. <i>rachen</i>, and perhaps to E.
<i>rack</i> neck.] <def>To make an effort to vomit; to strain, as in
vomiting.</def> [Written also <i>reach</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Beloved Julia, hear me still beseeching!<BR>
(Here he grew inarticulate with <i>retching</i>.)</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Retch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See <u>Reck</u>.]
<def>To care for; to heed; to reck.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Retch"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Careless;
reckless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>--- <wf>Retch"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Retch"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Re"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a net.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A net or network; a plexus; particularly, a
network of blood vessels or nerves, or a part resembling a
network.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*te"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rete</i> a
net.] <def>Resembling network; retiform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>retegere</i>,
<i>retectum</i>, to uncover; pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>tegere</i> to
cover.] <def>Act of disclosing or uncovering something
concealed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tell
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret"ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; pine
resin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline hydrocarbon, polymeric
with benzene. It is extracted from pine tar, and is also found in
certain fossil resins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>retentum</i>,
fr. <i>retentus</i>, p. p. See <u>Retain</u>.] <def>That which is
retained.</def>  <i>Hickok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ten"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>retentio</i>:
cf. F. <i>r&eacute;tention</i>. See <u>Retain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of retaining, or the state of being ratined.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power of retaining;
retentiveness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No woman's heart<BR>
So big, to hold so much; they lack <i>retention</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which contains something, as a tablet;
a &?;&?;&?;&?; of preserving impressions.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of withholding; retraint;
reserve.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Place of custody or confinement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The right of withholding a
debt, or of retaining property until a debt due to the person claiming
the right be duly paid; a lien.</def>  <i>Erskine. Craig.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Retention cyst</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a cyst produced
by obstruction of a duct leading from a secreting organ and the
consequent retention of the natural secretions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*ten"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;tentif</i>.] <def>Having power to retain; as, a
<i>retentive</i> memory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor airless dungeon, nor strong links of iron,<BR>
Can be <i>retentive</i> to the strength of spirit.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ten"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which retains
or confines; a restraint.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ten"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a retentive
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ten"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being retentive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ten*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The power
of retaining; retentive force; as, the <i>retentivity</i> of a
magnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*ten"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a retainer.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A muscle which serves to retain an organ or
part in place, esp. when retracted. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Phylactolemata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`te*pore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rete</i> a net
+ <i>porus</i> pore.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of bryozoans of the genus <i>Retepora</i>. They form delicate
calcareous corals, usually composed of thin fenestrated
fronds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>retexere</i>,
lit., to unweave; pref. <i>re-</i> re + <i>texere</i> to weave. ]
<def>To annual, as orders.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tex"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
weaving or forming again.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reth"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rh&eacute;teur</i>. See <u>Rhetor</u>.] <def>A rhetorician; a
careful writer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If a <i>rethor</i> couthe fair endite.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reth"o*ryke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rhetoric.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Re`ti*a"ri*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>rete</i> a net.] <i>(Rom.Antiq.)</i> <def>A gladiator armed with a
net for entangling his adversary and a trident for despatching
him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"ti*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Retiarius</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
spider which spins webs to catch its prey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A retiarius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`ti*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>retiarius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Netlike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This work is in <i>retiary</i>, or hanging
textures.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constructing or using a web, or net, to
catch prey; -- said of certain spiders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Armed with a net; hence, skillful to
entangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scholastic <i>retiary</i> versatility of
logic.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reticentia</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;ticence</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being reticent, or keeping silence; the
state of holding one's tonque; refraining to speak of that which is
suggested; uncommunicativeness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such fine reserve and noble
<i>reticence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by which a person
really speaks of a thing while he makes a show as if he would say
nothingon the subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Reticence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>reticens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>reticere</i> to keep silence; <i>re-</i> + <i>tacere</i>
to be silent. See <u>Tacit</u>.] <def>Inclined to keep silent;
reserved; uncommunicative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Reticule</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small net.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reticule. See <u>Reticule</u>, 2.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;ticulaire</i>. See <u>Reticule</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the form of a net, or of network; formed with interstices;
retiform; as, <i>reticular</i> cartilage; a <i>reticular</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
reticulum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*tic`u*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Reticular</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive division of
rhizopods in which the pseudopodia are more or less slender and
coalesce at certain points, forming irregular meshes. It includes the
shelled Foraminifera, together with some groups which lack a true
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tic`u*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>. <def>One of the Reticularia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tic"u*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
reticular manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Re*tic"u*la`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>reticulatus</i>. See <u>Reticule</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling network; having the form or
appearance of a net; netted; as, a <i>reticulated</i>
structure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having veins, fibers, or lines crossing
like the threads or fibers of a network; as, a <i>reticulate</i> leaf;
a <i>reticulated</i> surface; a <i>reticulated</i> wing of an
insect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reticulated glass</b></col>, <cd>ornamental ware made from
glass in which one set of white or colored lines seems to meet and
interlace with another set in a different plane.</cd> --
<col><b>Reticulated micrometer</b></col>, <cd>a micrometer for an
optical instrument, consisting of a reticule in the focus of an
eyepiece.</cd> -- <col><b>Reticulated work</b></col> <i>(Masonry)</i>,
<cd>work constructed with diamond-shaped stones, or square stones
placed diagonally.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*tic`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being reticulated, or netlike; that which is
reticulated; network; an organization resembling a net.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The particular net you occupy in the great
<i>reticulation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n..</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;ticule</i>, L. <i>reticulum</i>, dim. of <i>rete</i> a
net.  Cf.<u>Retina</u>, <u>Reticle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
little bag, originally of network; a woman's workbag, or a little bag
to be carried in the hand.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A system of wires or lines in the focus of
a telescope or other instrument; a reticle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*tic`u*lo"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Reticularia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tic"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forming a
network; characterized by a reticulated sructure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reticulose rhizopod</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
rhizopod in which the pseudopodia blend together and form irregular
meshes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Re*tic"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Reticula</b></plw> (#). [L. dim. of <i>rete</i> a net.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The second stomach of
ruminants, in which folds of the mucous membrane form hexagonal cells;
-- also called the <i>honeycomb stomach</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The neuroglia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rete</i> a net
+ <i>-form</i>. cf. F. <i>r&eacute;tiforme</i>.] <def>Composed of
crossing lines and interstices; reticular; netlike; as, the
<i>retiform</i> coat of the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>rete</i> a net.  Cf. <u>Reticule</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
delicate membrane by which the back part of the globe of the eye is
lined, and in which the fibers of the optic nerve terminate. See
<u>Eye</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The fibers of the optic nerve and the retinal blood vessels
spread out upon the front surface of the retina, while the sensory
layer (called <i>Jacob's membrane</i>), containing the rods and cones,
is on the back side, next the choroid coat.</p>

<p><hw>||Ret`i*nac"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Retinacula</b></plw> (#). [L., a holdfast, a band. See
<u>Retain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A connecting band; a fr&aelig;num; as, the <i>retinacula</i> of
the ileoc&aelig;cal and ileocolic valves.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the annular ligaments which hold the tendons close to the
bones at the larger joints, as at the wrist and ankle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>One of the retractor
muscles of the proboscis of certain worms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small gland or process to
which bodies are attached; as, the glandular <i>retinacula</i> to
which the pollinia of orchids are attached, or the hooks which support
the seeds in many acanthaceous plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the retina.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Retinal purple</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
visual purple.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*tin"a*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
resin + <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A translucent variety of
serpentine, of a honey yellow or greenish yellow color, having a waxy
resinlike luster.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ret`in*as"phalt</hw> (?), <hw>||Ret`in*as*phal"tum</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; resin + &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;
asphalt.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Retinite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*nerved`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rete</i> a
net + E. <i>nerve</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having reticulated
veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ret`i*ne"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Retinea</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Retina</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>That part of the eye of an invertebrate which
corresponds in function with the retina of a vertebrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
resin.] <i>(Min. Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to resin; derived
from resin; specifically, designating an acid found in certain fossil
resins and hydrocarbons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?;&?;&?; resin:
cf. F. <i>r&eacute;tinite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An inflammable
mineral resin, usually of a yellowish brown color, found in roundish
masses, sometimes with coal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret`i*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. NL. &amp; E.
<i>retina + -tis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
retina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; resin
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resinlike, or resinform; resembling a resin
without being such.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; resin +
L. <i>ole</i>um oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon oil obtained
by the distillation of resin, -- used in printer's ink.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ret`i*noph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Retiniphor&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. NL. &amp; E.
<i>retina</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of group of two to four united cells which occupy the axial
part of the ocelli, or ommatidia, of the eyes of invertebrates, and
contain the terminal nerve fibrill&aelig;. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Ommatidium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret`i*noph"o*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
retinophor&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret`i*nos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Retina</i> +
<i>-scopy</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The study of the retina of the
eye by means of the ophthalmoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*nue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>retinue</i>,
OF. <i>retinue</i>, fr. <i>retenir</i> to retain, engage, hire. See
<u>Retain</u>.] <def>The body of retainers who follow a prince or
other distinguished person; a train of attendants; a suite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others of your insolent <i>retinue</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What followers, what <i>retinue</i> canst thou
gain?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To have at one's retinue</b></col>, <cd>to keep or employ
as a retainer; to retain.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Re*tin"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Retinul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of NL. &amp; E.
<i>retina</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the group of pigmented
cells which surround the retinophor&aelig; of invertebrates. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Ommatidium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tin"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having, or characterized by,
retinul&?;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret`i*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rete</i> a net
+ <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a foot: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;tinop&egrave;de</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird
having small polygonal scales covering the tarsi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tir"a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Retirement; --
mostly used in a jocose or burlesque way.</def> [U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What one of our great men used to call dignified
<i>retiracy</i>.</blockquote> <i>C. A. Bristed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ret`i*rade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; cf. Sp.
<i>retirada</i> retreat. See <u>Retire</u>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A
kind of retrenchment, as in the body of a bastion, which may be
disputed inch by inch after the defenses are dismantled. It usually
consists of two faces which make a re&euml;ntering angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Retired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Retiring</u>.] [F. <i>retirer</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>tirer</i> to draw. See <u>Tirade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
withdraw; to take away; -- sometimes used reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . <i>retired</i> himself, his wife, and children
into a forest.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As when the sun is present all the year,<BR>
And never doth <i>retire</i> his golden ray.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1231 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw from circulation, or from the
market; to take up and pay; as, to <i>retire</i> bonds; to
<i>retire</i> a note.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to retire; specifically, to
designate as no longer qualified for active service; to place on the
retired list; as, to <i>retire</i> a military or naval
officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To go back or return; to draw back or away; to keep aloof; to
withdraw or retreat, as from observation; to go into privacy; as, to
<i>retire</i> to his home; to <i>retire</i> from the world, or from
notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To Una back he cast him to <i>retire</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind contracts herself, and shrinketh in,<BR>
And to herself she gladly doth <i>retire</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To retreat from action or danger; to
withdraw for safety or pleasure; as, to <i>retire</i> from
battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Set Uriah in the forefront of the hottest battle, and
<i>retire</i> ye from him, that he may be smitten, and
die.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xi. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw from a public station, or from
business; as, having made a large fortune, he
<i>retired</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And from Britannia's public posts
<i>retire</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To recede; to fall or bend back; as, the
shore of the sea <i>retires</i> in bays and gulfs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To go to bed; as, he usually <i>retires</i>
early.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To withdraw; leave; depart; secede; recede; retreat;
retrocede.</p>

<p><hw>Re*tire"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of retiring, or the state of being retired; also, a place to which
one retires.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The battle and the <i>retire</i> of the English
succors.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Eve] discover'd soon the place of her
<i>retire</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A call sounded on a bugle,
announcing to skirmishers that they are to retire, or fall
back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tired"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Private; secluded; quiet; as, a <i>retired</i> life; a person of
<i>retired</i> habits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>retired</i> part of the peninsula.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Withdrawn from active duty or business; as,
a <i>retired</i> officer; a <i>retired</i> physician.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Retired flank</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>a flank bent
inward toward the rear of the work.</cd> -- <col><b>Retired
list</b></col> <i>(Mil. &amp; Naval)</i>, <cd>a list of officers, who, by
reason of advanced age or other disability, are relieved from active
service, but still receive a specified amount of pay from the
government.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*tired"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*tired"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*tire"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>retirement</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of retiring, or
the state of being retired; withdrawal; seclusion; as, the
<i>retirement</i> of an officer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, blest <i>Retirement</i>, friend of life's
decline.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Retirement</i>, rural quiet, friendship,
books.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of seclusion or privacy; a place to
which one withdraws or retreats; a private abode.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>This coast full of princely <i>retirements</i> for the
sumptousness of their buildings and nobleness of the
plantations.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Caprea had been the <i>retirement</i> of
Augustus.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Solitude; withdrawment; departure; retreat;
seclusion; privacy. See <u>Solitude</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*tir"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
retires.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tir"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Reserved; shy; not forward or obtrusive; as, <i>retiring</i>
modesty; <i>retiring</i> manners.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to retirement; causing
retirement; suited to, or belonging to, retirement.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Retiring board</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a board of
officers who consider and report upon the alleged incapacity of an
officer for active service.</cd> -- <col><b>Retiring
pension</b></col>, <cd>a pension granted to a public officer on his
retirement from office or service.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ret"i*stene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white crystalline hydrocarbon produced indirectly from
retene.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ret`i*te"l&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. <i>rete</i> a net + <i>tela</i> a web.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
group of spiders which spin irregular webs; -- called also
<i>Retitelari&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*told"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Retell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tor"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Retortion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tort"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Retorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Retorting</u>.] [L. <i>retortus</i>, p. p. of <i>retorquere</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>torquere</i> to turn twist. See
<u>Torsion</u>, and cf. <u>Retort</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bend or curve back; as, a <i>retorted</i>
line.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>retorted</i> head, pruned themselves as they
floated.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw back; to reverberate; to
reflect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As when his virtues, shining upon others,<BR>
Heat them and they <i>retort</i> that heat again<BR>
To the first giver.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To return, as an argument, accusation,
censure, or incivility; as, to <i>retort</i> the charge of
vanity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And with <i>retorted</i> scorn his back he
turned.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tort"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To return an
argument or a charge; to make a severe reply.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tort"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Retort</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The return of, or
reply to, an argument, charge, censure, incivility, taunt, or
witticism; a quick and witty or severe response.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is called the <i>retort</i>
courteous.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>retorte</i> (cf. Sp. <i>retorta</i>), fr.
L. <i>retortus</i>, p. p. of <i>retorquere</i>. So named from its bent
shape. See <u>Retort</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Chem. &amp; the
Arts)</i> <def>A vessel in which substances are subjected to
distillation or decomposition by heat. It is made of different forms
and materials for different uses, as a bulb of glass with a curved
beak to enter a receiver for general chemical operations, or a
cylinder or semicylinder of cast iron for the manufacture of gas in
gas works.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tubulated retort</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a retort
having a tubulure for the introduction or removal of the substances
which are to be acted upon.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Repartee; answer.  -- <u>Retort</u>,
<u>Repartee</u>. A <i>retort</i> is a short and pointed reply, turning
back on an assailant the arguments, censure, or derision he had thrown
out. A <i>repartee</i> is usually a good-natured return to some witty
or sportive remark.</p>

<p><hw>Re*tort"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
retorts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tor"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;torsion</i>. See <u>Retort</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of retorting or throwing back; reflection
or turning back.</def> [Written also <i>retorsion</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It was, however, necessary to possess some single term
expressive of this intellectual <i>retortion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Retaliation.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tort"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
retort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*toss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To toss back or
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*touch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-</i> +
<i>touch</i>: cf. F. <i>retoucher</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
touch again, or rework, in order to improve; to revise; as, to
<i>retouch</i> a picture or an essay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>To correct or change, as a
negative, by handwork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*touch"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A
partial reworking,as of a painting, a sculptor's clay model, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*touch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
retouches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*trace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-</i> +
<i>trace</i>: cf. F. <i>retracer</i>.  Cf. <u>Retract</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To trace back, as a line.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then if the line of Turnus you <i>retrace</i>,<BR>
He springs from Inachus of Argive race.</blockquote>
<i>Driden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go back, in or over (a previous course);
to go over again in a reverse direction; as, to <i>retrace</i> one's
steps; to <i>retrace</i> one's proceedings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To trace over again, or renew the outline
of, as a drawing; to draw again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tract"</hw> (r&esl;*tr&amacr;kt"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Retracted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Retracting</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;tracter</i>, L.
<i>retractare</i>, <i>retractatum</i>, to handle again, reconsider,
retract, fr. <i>retrahere</i>, <i>retractum</i>, to draw back. See
<u>Retreat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw back; to draw up or
shorten; as, the cat can <i>retract</i> its claws; to <i>retract</i> a
muscle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw; to recall; to disavow; to
recant; to take back; as, to <i>retract</i> an accusation or an
assertion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would as freely have <i>retracted</i> this charge of
idolatry as I ever made it.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take back,, as a grant or favor
previously bestowed; to revoke.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To recall; withdraw; rescind; revoke; unsay;
disavow; recant; abjure; disown.</p>

<p><hw>Re*tract"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To draw back; to draw up; as, muscles <i>retract</i> after
amputation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take back what has been said; to
withdraw a concession or a declaration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She will, and she will not; she grants, denies,<BR>
Consents, <i>retracts</i>, advances, and then files.</blockquote>
<i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tract"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>The
pricking of a horse's foot in nailing on a shoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tract"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;tractable</i>.] <def>Capable of being retracted;
retractile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tract"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>retractatus</i>, p. p. of <i>retractare</i>. See <u>Retract</u>.]
<def>To retract; to recant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re`trac*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;tractation</i>, L. <i>retractatio</i> a revision,
reconsideration. ] <def>The act of retracting what has been said;
recantation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tract"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Retractable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tract"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>-
r&eacute;tractile</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Capable of retraction;
capable of being drawn back or up; as, the claws of a cat are
<i>retractile</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*trac"tion</hw> (r&esl;*tr&amacr;k"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;traction</i>, L.
<i>retractio</i> a drawing back, hesitation.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of retracting, or drawing back; the state of being
retracted; as, the <i>retraction</i> of a cat's claws.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of withdrawing something advanced,
stated, claimed, or done; declaration of change of opinion;
recantation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Other men's insatiable desire of revenge hath wholly
beguiled both church and state of the benefit of all my either
<i>retractions</i> or concessions.</blockquote> <i>Eikon
Basilike.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
act of retracting or shortening; as, the <i>retraction</i> of a
severed muscle; the <i>retraction</i> of a sinew.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The state or condition of a part when drawn
back, or towards the center of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tract"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
retract; of the nature of a retraction.</def> --
<wf>Re*tract"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*tract"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
retracts, or withdraws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tract"or</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who, or that which, retracts.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>In breech-loading firearms, a device for withdrawing a cartridge
shell from the barrel.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>An instrument for holding apart the edges of a wound during
amputation.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A bandage to
protect the soft parts from injury by the saw during amputation.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Anat. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A muscle serving
to draw in any organ or part. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Phylactol&aelig;mata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*traict"</hw> (r&esl;*tr&amacr;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Retreat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*trait"</hw> (r&esl;*tr&amacr;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>ritratto</i>, fr. <i>ritrarre</i> to draw back, draw, fr. L.
<i>retrahere</i>. See <u>Retract</u>.] <def>A portrait; a
likeness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whose fair <i>retrait</i> I in my shield do
bear.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`trans*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
transform anew or back.</def> -- <wf>Re`trans*for*ma"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re`trans*late"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
translate anew; especially, to translate back into the original
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*trax"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., (he) has
withdrawn. See <u>Retract</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>The
withdrawing, or open renunciation, of a suit in court by the
plaintiff, by which he forever lost his right of action.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tread"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To tread
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*treat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>retraite</i>,
fr. <i>retraire</i> to withdraw, L. <i>retrahere</i>; pref. <i>re-</i>
re- + <i>trahere</i> to draw. See <u>Trace</u>, and cf.
<u>Retract</u>, <u>Retrace</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
retiring or withdrawing one's self, especially from what is dangerous
or disagreeable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a <i>retreat</i> he o&?;truns any
lackey.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place to which anyone retires; a place
or privacy or safety; a refuge; an asylum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He built his son a house of pleasure, and spared no
cost to make a delicious <i>retreat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That pleasing shade they sought, a soft
<i>retreat</i><BR>
From sudden April showers, a shelter from the heat.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. &amp; Naval.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The retiring of an army or body of men from the face of an enemy,
or from any ground occupied to a greater distance from the enemy, or
from an advanced position.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
withdrawing of a ship or fleet from an enemy for the purpose of
avoiding an engagement or escaping after defeat.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A signal given in the army or navy, by the
beat of a drum or the sounding of trumpet or bugle, at sunset (when
the roll is called), or for retiring from action.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>retreat</i> is properly an orderly march, in which
circumstance it differs from a <i>flight</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
special season of solitude and silence to engage in religious
exercises.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A period of several days of
withdrawal from society to a religious house for exclusive occupation
in the duties of devotion; as, to appoint or observe a
<i>retreat</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Retirement; departure; withdrawment; seclusion;
solitude; privacy; asylum; shelter; refuge.</p>

<p><hw>Re*treat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Retreated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Retreating</u>.] <def>To make a retreat; to retire from any
position or place; to withdraw; as, the defeated army <i>retreated</i>
from the field.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rapid currents drive<BR>
Towards the <i>retreating</i> sea their furious tide.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*treat"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnishing or
serving as a retreat.</def> [R.] "Our <i>retreatful</i> flood."
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*treat"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
retreating; specifically, the Hegira.</def> [R.]  <i>D'Urfey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*trench"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Retrenched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Retrenching</u>.] [OF. <i>retrenchier</i>, F. <i>retrancher</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + OF. <i>trenchier</i>, F. <i>trancher</i>, to
cut. See <u>Trench</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut off; to pare
away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy exuberant parts <i>retrench</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lessen; to abridge; to curtail; as, to
<i>retrench</i> superfluities or expenses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But this thy glory shall be soon
<i>retrenched</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To confine; to limit; to restrict.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These figures, ought they then to receive a
<i>retrenched</i> interpretation?</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>To furnish with a
retrenchment; as, to <i>retrench</i> bastions.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To lesen; diminish; curtail; abridge.</p>

<p><hw>Re*trench"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cause or
suffer retrenchment; specifically, to cut down living expenses; as, it
is more reputable to <i>retrench</i> than to live
embarrassed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*trench"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>retrenchment</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
retrenching; as, the <i>retrenchment</i> of words in a
writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>retrenchment</i> of my expenses will convince
you that &?; mean to replace your fortune as far as I
can.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A work constructed within
another, to prolong the defense of the position when the enemy has
gained possession of the outer work; or to protect the defenders till
they can retreat or obtain terms for a capitulation.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lessening; curtailment; diminution; reduction;
abridgment.</p>

<p><hw>Re*tri"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A secdond trial,
experiment, or test; a second judicial trial, as of an accused
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*trib"ute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>retributus</i>, p. p. of<i>retribuere</i> to retribute; pref <i>re-
</i> + <i>tribuere</i> to bestow, assign, pay. See <u>Tribute</u>.]
<def>To pay back; to give in return, as payment, reward, or
punishment; to requite; as, to <i>retribute</i> one for his kindness;
to <i>retribute</i> just punishment to a criminal.</def> [Obs. or R.]
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*trib"u*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
retribution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret`ri*bu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>retributio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;tribution</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of retributing; repayment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In good offices and due <i>retributions</i>, we may not
be pinching and niggardly.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is given in repayment or
compensation; return suitable to the merits or deserts of, as an
action; commonly, condign punishment for evil or wrong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All who have their reward on earth, . . . <BR>
Naught seeking but the praise of men, here find<BR>
Fit <i>retribution</i>, empty as their deeds.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, reward and punishment, as
distributed at the general judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a strong argument for a state of
<i>retribution</i> hereafter, that in this world virtuous persons are
very often unfortunate, and vicious persons prosperous.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Repayment; requital; recompense; payment;
retaliation.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*trib"u*tive</hw> (?), <hw>Re*trib"u*to*ry</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL. <i>retributorius</i> worthy of
retribution.] <def>Of or pertaining to retribution; of the nature of
retribution; involving retribution or repayment; as,
<i>retributive</i> justice; <i>retributory</i> comforts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*triev"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Retrieve</u>.] <def>That may be retrieved or recovered; admitting
of retrieval.</def> -- <wf>Re*triev"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Re*triev"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*triev"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
retrieving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*trieve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Retrieved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Retrieving</u>.] [OE. <i>retreven</i>, OF. <i>retrover</i> to find
again, recover (<i>il retroeve</i>e finds again), F. <i>retrouver</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + OF. <i>trover</i> to find, F. <i>trouver</i>.
See <u>Trover</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To find again; to recover;
to regain; to restore from loss or injury; as, to <i>retrieve</i>
one's character; to <i>retrieve</i> independence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With late repentance now they would <i>retrieve</i><BR>
The bodies they forsook, and wish to live.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To recall; to bring back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>retrieve</i> them from their cold, trivial
conceits.</blockquote> <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1232 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remedy the evil consequence of, to
repair, as a loss or damadge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Accept my sorrow, and <i>retrieve</i> my
fall.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is much to be done . . . and much to be
<i>retrieved</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To recover; regain; recruit; repair; restore.</p>

<p><hw>Re*trieve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Sport.)</i>
<def>To discover and bring in game that has been killed or wounded;
as, a dog naturally inclined to <i>retrieve</i>.</def>
<i>Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*trieve"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
seeking again; a discovery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The recovery of game once sprung; -- an old
sporting term.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*trieve"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Retrieval.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*triev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who retrieves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A dor, or a breed of
dogs, chiefly employed to retrieve, or to find and recover game birds
that have been killed or wounded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*trim"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To trim
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ret"ri*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>retrimentum</i>.] <def>Refuse; dregs.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Retro-</hw>. [L. <i>retro</i>, adv., backward, back.  Cf.
<u>Re</u>-.] <def>A prefix or combining form signifying
<i>backward</i>, <i>back</i>; as, <i>retro</i>act, to act backward;
<i>retro</i>spect, a looking back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>retro-
+ act</i>.] <def>To act backward, or in return; to act in opposition;
to be retrospective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*ac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;troaction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Action returned,
or action backward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Operation on something past or
preceding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*act"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;troactif</i>.] <def>Fitted or designed to retroact;
operating by returned action; affecting what is past;
retrospective.</def>  <i>Beddoes.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Retroactive law</b></col> or <col><b>statute</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one which operates to make criminal or punishable,
or in any way expressly to affect, acts done prior to the passing of
the law.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*act"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
retroactive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"tro*cede</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>retro-
</i> + <i>cede</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;troc&eacute;der</i>.] <def>To
cede or grant back; as, to <i>retrocede</i> a territory to a former
proprietor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"tro*cede</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>retrocedere</i>; <i>retro</i> backward, back + <i>cedere</i> to go.
See <u>Cede</u>.] <def>To go back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*ced"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>retrocedens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Disposed or likely to retrocede; --
said of diseases which go from one part of the body to another, as the
gout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*ces"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;trocession</i>. See <u>Retrocede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of retroceding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being retroceded, or granted
back.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Metastasis of an eruption or
a tumor from the surface to the interior of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"tro*choir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>retro-
</i> + <i>choir</i>.] <i>(Eccl. Arch.)</i> <def>Any extension of a
church behind the high altar, as a chapel; also, in an apsidal church,
all the space beyond the line of the back or eastern face of the
altar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*cop"u*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Retrocopulation</u>.] <def>Copulating backward, or from
behind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*cop`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>retro-</i> + <i>copulation</i>.] <def>Copulation from behind.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>retroducere</i>, <i>retroductum</i>, to lead or bring back;
<i>retro</i> backward +  <i>ducere</i> to lead.] <def>A leading or
bringing back.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re"tro*flex</hw> (?), <hw>Re"tro*flexed</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>retro-</i> + L. <i>flectere</i>,
<i>flexum</i>, to bend, to turn.] <def>Reflexed; bent or turned
abruptly backward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*flex"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
reflexing; the state of being retroflexed.  Cf.
<u>Retroversion</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Re"tro*fract</hw> (?), <hw>Re"tro*fract`ed</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>retro-</i> + L. <i>fractus</i>, p. p.
of <i>frangere</i> to break.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Refracted; as, a
<i>retrofract</i> stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*gen"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>retro- + generative</i>.] <def>Begetting young by
retrocopulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*gra*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;trogradation</i> or L. <i>retrogradatio</i>. See
<u>Retrograde</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of retrograding,
or moving backward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being retrograde;
decline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"tro*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>retrogradus</i>, from <i>retrogradi</i>, <i>retrogressus</i>, to
retrograde; <i>retro</i> back + <i>gradi</i> to step: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;trograde</i>. See <u>Grade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Apparently moving backward, and contrary to the
succession of the signs, that is, from east to west, as a
planet.</def>  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And if he be in the west side in that condition, then
is he <i>retrograde</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending or moving backward; having a
backward course; contrary; as, a <i>retrograde</i> motion; -- opposed
to <i>progressive</i>.</def> "Progressive and not <i>retrograde</i>."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is most <i>retrograde</i> to our
desire.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Declining from a better to a worse state;
as, a <i>retrograde</i> people; <i>retrograde</i> ideas, morals,
etc.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"tro*grade</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Retrograded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Retrograding</u>.] [L. <i>retrogradare</i>, <i>retrogradi</i>: cf.
F. <i>r&eacute;trograder</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go in a
retrograde direction; to move, or appear to move, backward, as a
planet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to decline from a better to a worse
condition, as in morals or intelligence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"tro*gra`ding*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
retrograding; so as to retrograde.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"tro*gress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>retrogressus</i>.] <def>Retrogression.</def> [R.]  <i>H.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*gres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;trogression</i>. See <u>Retrograde</u>, and cf.
<u>Digression</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of retrograding,
or going backward; retrogradation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Backward development; a
passing from a higher to a lower state of organization or structure,
as when an animal, approaching maturity, becomes less highly organized
than would be expected from its earlier stages or known relationship.
Called also <i>retrograde development</i>, and <i>regressive
metamorphism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*gres"sive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;trogressif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending to
retrograde; going or moving backward; declining from a better to a
worse state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Passing from a higher to a
lower condition; declining from a more perfect state of organization;
regressive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*gres"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
retrogressive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*min"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being retromingent.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*min"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>retro-
</i> + L. <i>mingens</i>, p. pr. of <i>mingere</i> to urinate.]
<def>Organized so as to discharge the urine backward.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal that
discharges its urine backward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*pul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>retro-
</i> + L. <i>pellere</i>, <i>pulsum</i>, to impel.] <def>Driving back;
repelling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*trorse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>retrorsus</i>,
<i>retroversus</i>; <i>retro</i> back + <i>vertere</i>, <i>versum</i>,
to turn.  Cf. <u>Retrovert</u>.] <def>Bent backward or downward.</def>
-- <wf>Re*trorse"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re"tro*spect</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>retrospicere</i>; <i>retro</i> back + <i>specere</i>,
<i>spectum</i>, to look. See <u>Spy</u>, <i>and cf</i>.
<u>Expect</u>.] <def>To look backward; hence, to affect or concern
what is past.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It may be useful to <i>retrospect</i> to an early
period.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re"tro*spect</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A looking back on
things past; view or contemplation of the past.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We may introduce a song without <i>retrospect</i> to
the old comedy.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*spec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act,
or the faculty, of looking back on things past.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*spec"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;trospectif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Looking backward;
contemplating things past; -- opposed to <i>prospective</i>; as, a
<i>retrospective</i> view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sage, with <i>retrospective</i> eye.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having reference to what is past; affecting
things past; retroactive; as, a <i>retrospective</i> law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inflicting death by a <i>retrospective</i>
enactment.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*spec"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
retrospect.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*trous`s&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p.p.
of <i>retrousser</i> to turn up.] <def>Turned up; -- said of a pug
nose.</def><BR>
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]</p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*vac`ci*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The inoculation of a cow with human vaccine
virus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`tro*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;troversion</i>. See <u>Retrovert</u>.] <def>A turning or
bending backward; also, the state of being turned or bent backward;
displacement backwards; as, <i>retroversion</i> of the
uterus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In <i>retroversion</i> the bending is gradual or curved; in
<i>retroflexion</i> it is abrupt or angular.</p>

<p><hw>Re"tro*vert</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Retroverted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Retroverting</u>.] [Pref. <i>retro-</i> + L. <i>vertere</i>,
<i>versum</i>, to turn.  Cf. <u>Retrorse</u>.] <def>To turn
back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"tro*vert*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In a state of
retroversion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*trude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Retruded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Retruding</u>.] [L. <i>retrudere</i>; <i>re-</i> + <i>trudere</i>
to thrust.] <def>To thrust back.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*truse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>retrusus</i>
concealed, p. p. of <i>retrudere</i>.] <def>Abstruse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tru"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
retruding, or the state of being retruded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In virtue of an endless remotion or <i>retrusion</i> of
the constituent cause.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*try"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To try (esp.
judicially) a second time; as, to <i>retry</i> a case; to <i>retry</i>
an accused person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rette</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Aret</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ret"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place or
establishment where flax is retted. See <u>Ret</u>.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ret"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of preparing flax for use by soaking,
maceration, and kindred processes; -- also called <i>rotting</i>. See
<u>Ret</u>.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place where flax is retted; a
rettery.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tund"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>retundere</i>, <i>retusum</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>tundere</i> to beat.] <def>To blunt; to turn, as an edge;
figuratively, to cause to be obtuse or dull; as, to <i>retund</i>
confidence.</def>  <i>Ray. Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re-turn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To turn
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*turn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Returned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Returning</u>.] [OE. <i>returnen</i>, <i>retournen</i>, F.
<i>retourner</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>tourner</i> to turn. See
<u>Turn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn back; to go or come
again to the same place or condition.</def> "<i>Return</i> to your
father's house."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On their embattled ranks the waves
<i>return</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If they <i>returned</i> out of bondage, it must be into
a state of freedom.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou
<i>return</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iii. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come back, or begin again, after an
interval, regular or irregular; to appear again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With the year<BR>
Seasons <i>return</i>; but not me <i>returns</i><BR>
Day or the sweet approach of even or morn.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To speak in answer; to reply; to
respond.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He said, and thus the queen of heaven
<i>returned</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To revert; to pass back into
possession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Jeroboam said in his heart, Now shall the kingdom
<i>return</i> to the house of David.</blockquote> <i>1Kings xii.
26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To go back in thought, narration, or
argument.</def> "But to <i>return</i> to my story."
<i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*turn"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bring, carry, send, or turn, back; as, to <i>return</i> a
borrowed book, or a hired horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both fled attonce, ne ever back <i>returned</i>
eye.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To repay; as, to <i>return</i> borrowed
money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give in requital or recompense; to
requite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord shall <i>return</i> thy wickedness upon thine
own head.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings ii. 44.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give back in reply; as, to <i>return</i>
an answer; to <i>return</i> thanks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To retort; to throw back; as, to
<i>return</i> the lie.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you are a malicious reader, you <i>return</i> upon
me, that I affect to be thought more impartial than I am.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To report, or bring back and make
known.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And all the people answered together, . . . and Moses
<i>returned</i> the words of the people unto the Lord.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xix. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To render, as an account, usually an
official account, to a superior; to report officially by a list or
statement; as, to <i>return</i> a list of stores, of killed or
wounded; to <i>return</i> the result of an election.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to elect according to the official
report of the election officers.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To bring or send back to a tribunal, or to
an office, with a certificate of what has been done; as, to
<i>return</i> a writ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To convey into official custody, or to a
general depository.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Instead of a ship, he should levy money, and
<i>return</i> the same to the treasurer for his majesty's
use.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Tennis)</i> <def>To bat (the ball) back
over the net.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>To lead in response
to the lead of one's partner; as, to <i>return</i> a trump; to
<i>return</i> a diamond for a club.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To return a lead</b></col> <i>(Card Playing)</i>, <cd>to
lead the same suit led by one's partner.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To restore; requite; repay; recompense; render;
remit; report.</p>

<p><hw>Re*turn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of returning (intransitive), or coming back to the same
place or condition; as, the <i>return</i> of one long absent; the
<i>return</i> of health; the <i>return</i> of the seasons, or of an
anniversary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the <i>return</i> of the year the king of Syria will
come up against thee.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xx. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His personal <i>return</i> was most required and
necessary.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of returning (transitive), or
sending back to the same place or condition; restitution; repayment;
requital; retribution; as, the <i>return</i> of anything borrowed, as
a book or money; a good <i>return</i> in tennis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You made my liberty your late request:<BR>
Is no <i>return</i> due from a grateful breast?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is returned.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A payment; a remittance; a
requital.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do expect <i>return</i><BR>
Of thrice three times the value of this bond.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An answer; as, a <i>return</i> to one's
question.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An account, or formal report,
of an action performed, of a duty discharged, of facts or statistics,
and the like; as, election <i>returns</i>; a <i>return</i> of the
amount of goods produced or sold; especially, in the plural, a set of
tabulated statistics prepared for general information.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The profit on, or advantage received from,
labor, or an investment, undertaking, adventure, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fruit from many days of recreation is very little;
but from these few hours we spend in prayer, the <i>return</i> is
great.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The continuation in a
different direction, most often at a right angle, of a building, face
of a building, or any member, as a molding or mold; -- applied to the
shorter in contradistinction to the longer; thus, a facade of sixty
feet east and west has a <i>return</i> of twenty feet north and
south.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
rendering back or delivery of writ, precept, or execution, to the
proper officer or court.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
certificate of an officer stating what he has done in execution of a
writ, precept, etc., indorsed on the document.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The sending back of a commission with the
certificate of the commissioners.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A day
in bank. See <i>Return day</i>, below.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. &amp; Naval)</i> <def>An official account,
report, or statement, rendered to the commander or other superior
officer; as, the <i>return</i> of men fit for duty; the <i>return</i>
of the number of the sick; the <i>return</i> of provisions,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Fort. &amp; Mining)</i> <def>The
turnings and windings of a trench or mine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Return ball</b></col>, <cd>a ball held by an elastic string
so that it returns to the hand from which it is thrown, -- used as a
plaything.</cd> -- <col><b>Return bend</b></col>, <cd>a pipe fitting
for connecting the contiguous ends of two nearly parallel pipes lying
alongside or one above another.</cd> -- <col><b>Return day</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the day when the defendant is to appear in court,
and the sheriff is to return the writ and his proceedings.</cd> --
<col><b>Return flue</b></col>, <cd>in a steam boiler, a flue which
conducts flame or gases of combustion in a direction contrary to their
previous movement in another flue.</cd> -- <col><b>Return
pipe</b></col> <i>(Steam Heating)</i>, <cd>a pipe by which water of
condensation from a heater or radiator is conveyed back toward the
boiler.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*turn"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of, or admitting of, being returned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Legally required to be
returned, delivered, given, or rendered; as, a writ or precept
<i>returnable</i> at a certain day; a verdict <i>returnable</i> to the
court.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*turn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
returns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*turn"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting no
return.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*tuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>retusus</i>, p.
p. : cf. F. <i>r&eacute;tus</i>. See <u>Retund</u>.] <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the end rounded and slightly indented; as,
a <i>retuse</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.& v.</i></pos> <def>Rule.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Reume</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Realm.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*un"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-  +
union</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;union</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
second union; union formed anew after separation, secession, or
discord; as, a <i>reunion</i> of parts or particles of matter; a
<i>reunion</i> of parties or sects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assembling of persons who have been
separated, as of a family, or the members of a disbanded regiment; an
assembly so composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`u*nite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To unite
again; to join after separation or variance.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1233 !></p>

<p><hw>Re`u*nit"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
reunited manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`u*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second
uniting.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*urge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To urge
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vac"ci*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
vaccinate a second time or again.</def> --
<wf>Re*vac`ci*na"tion</wf>(#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rev`a*les"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
growing well; the state of being revalescent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Would this prove that the patient's <i>revalescence</i>
had been independent of the medicines given him?</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev`a*les"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>revalescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>revalescere</i>; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>valescere</i>, v. incho. fr. <i>valere</i> to be
well.] <def>Growing well; recovering strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*val`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A second or
new valuation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vamp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To vamp again;
hence, to patch up; to reconstruct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reave.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Reeve</u>.] <def>An
officer, steward, or governor.</def> [Usually written <i>reeve</i>.]
[Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*veal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Revealed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Revealing</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;v&eacute;ler</i>, L.
<i>revelare</i>, <i>revelatum</i>, to unveil, reveal; pref. <i>re-</i>
re- + <i>velare</i> to veil; fr. <i>velum</i> a veil. See
<u>Veil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make known (that which has
been concealed or kept secret); to unveil; to disclose; to
show.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Light was the wound, the prince's care unknown,<BR>
She might not, would not, yet <i>reveal</i> her own.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, to communicate (that which
could not be known or discovered without divine or supernatural
instruction or agency).</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To communicate; disclose; divulge; unveil; uncover;
open; discover; impart; show.  See <u>Communicate</u>. --
<u>Reveal</u>, <u>Divulge</u>. To <i>reveal</i> is literally to
<i>lift the veil</i>, and thus make known what was previously
concealed; to <i>divulge</i> is to scatter abroad among the people, or
make publicly known. A mystery or hidden doctrine may be
<i>revealed</i>; something long confined to the knowledge of a few is
at length <i>divulged</i>. "Time, which <i>reveals</i> all things, is
itself not to be discovered." <i>Locke.</i> "A tragic history of facts
<i>divulged</i>." <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*veal"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
revealing; a disclosure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The side of an opening for a
window, doorway, or the like, between the door frame or window frame
and the outer surface of the wall; or, where the opening is not filled
with a door, etc., the whole thickness of the wall; the jamb.</def>
[Written also <i>revel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*veal`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being revealable; revealableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*veal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being revealed.</def> -- <wf>Re*veal"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*veal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, reveals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*veal"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
revealing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*veg"e*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
vegetate anew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*veil"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;veil</i>, fr. <i>r&eacute;veiller</i> to awake; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + pref. <i>es-</i> (L. <i>ex</i>) + <i>veiller</i> to
awake, watch, L. <i>vigilare</i> to watch. The English form was prob.
taken by mistake from the French imper.
<i>r&eacute;veillez</i>,<i>2d</i> pers. pl. See <u>Vigil</u>.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The beat of drum, or bugle blast, about break of
day, to give notice that it is time for the soldiers to rise, and for
the sentinels to forbear challenging.</def> "Sound a <i>reveille</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For at dawning to assail ye<BR>
Here no bugles sound <i>reveille</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See
<u>Reveal</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rev"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>revel</i> rebellion,
disorder, feast, sport. See <u>Revel</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>A feast with loose and noisy jollity; riotous festivity or
merrymaking; a carousal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This day in mirth and <i>revel</i> to
dispend.</blockquote>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some men ruin . . . their bodies by incessant
<i>revels</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Master of the revels</b></col>, <col><b>Revel
master</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Lord of misrule</i>, under
<u>Lord</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rev"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reveled</u> (?) or <u>Revelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Reveling</u> or <u>Revelling</u>.] [OF.
<i>reveler</i> to revolt, rebel, make merry, fr. L. <i>rebellare</i>.
See <u>Rebel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feast in a riotous
manner; to carouse; to act the bacchanalian; to make merry.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move playfully; to indulge without
restraint.</def> "Where joy most <i>revels</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>revellere</i>;
<i>re-</i> + <i>vellere</i> to pluck, pull.] <def>To draw back; to
retract.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev"e*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>revelatus</i>, p. p. of <i>revelare</i> to reveal.] <def>To
reveal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Frith. Barnes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev`e*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;v&eacute;lation</i>, L. <i>revelatio</i>. See
<u>Reveal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of revealing,
disclosing, or discovering to others what was before unknown to
them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is revealed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act
of revealing divine truth.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That which
is revealed by God to man; esp., the Bible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>revelation</i> he made known unto me the mystery,
as I wrote afore in few words.</blockquote> <i>Eph. iii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the last book of the sacred
canon, containing the prophecies of St. John; the
Apocalypse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rev"e*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
makes a revelation; a revealer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rev"el*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>reveller</i>.] <def>One who revels.</def> "Moonshine
<i>revelers</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vel"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>revellens</i>, p. pr. of <i>revellere</i>. See <u>Revel</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Causing revulsion; revulsive.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A revulsive
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rev"el*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
reveling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rev"el*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>reveleus</i>.] <def>Fond of festivity; given to merrymaking or
reveling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Companionable and <i>revelous</i> was she.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev"el-rout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rout</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tumultuous festivity; revelry.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rabble; a riotous assembly; a mob.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rev"el*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Revel</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The act of
engaging in a revel; noisy festivity; reveling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And pomp and feast and <i>revelry</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ven"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Revendicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Revendicating</u>.][Cf. F. <i>revendiquer</i>. See
<u>Revenge</u>.] <def>To reclaim; to demand the restoration of.</def>
[R.]  <i>Vattel (Trans.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ven`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>revendication</i>.] <def>The act of revendicating.</def> [R.]
<i>Vattel (Trans.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*venge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Revenged</u> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Revenging</u> (&?;).] [OF. <i>revengier</i>, F. <i>revancher</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + OF. <i>vengier</i> to avenge, revenge, F.
<i>venger</i>, L. <i>vindicare</i>. See <u>Vindicate</u>,
<u>Vengerance</u>, and cf. <u>Revindicate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To inflict harm in return for, as an injury, insult, etc.; to
exact satisfaction for, under a sense of injury; to avenge; --
followed either by the wrong received, or by the person or thing
wronged, as the object, or by the reciprocal pronoun as direct object,
and a preposition before the wrong done or the wrongdoer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>revenge</i> the death of our
fathers.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gods are just, and will <i>revenge</i> our
cause.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, Antony, and young Octavius, come,<BR>
<i>Revenge</i> yourselves alone on Cassius.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inflict injury for, in a spiteful,
wrong, or malignant spirit; to wreak vengeance for
maliciously.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To avenge; vindicate. See <u>Avenge</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*venge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take vengeance;
-- with</def> <i>upon</i>. [Obs.] "A bird that will <i>revenge</i>
upon you all."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*venge"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of revenging; vengeance; retaliation; a returning of evil
for evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Certainly, in taking <i>revenge</i>, a man is even with
his enemy; but in passing it over he is superior.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The disposition to revenge; a malignant
wishing of evil to one who has done us an injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Revenge</i> now goes<BR>
To lay a complot to betray thy foes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The indulgence of <i>revenge</i> tends to make men more
savage and cruel.</blockquote> <i>Kames.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*venge"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being revenged; as, <i>revengeable</i> wrong.</def>
<i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*venge"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vengeance;
revenge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*venge"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of, or
prone to, revenge; vindictive; malicious; revenging; wreaking
revenge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thy <i>revengeful</i> heart can not
forgive.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>May my hands . . . <BR>
Never brandish more <i>revengeful</i> steel.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Vindictive; vengeful; resentful; malicious.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Re*venge"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*venge"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*venge"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unrevenged.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*venge"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Revenge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He 'll breed <i>revengement</i> and a scourge for
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ven"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
revenges.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ven"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Executing
revenge; revengeful.</def> -- <wf>Re*ven"ging*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev"e*nue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>revenu</i>, OF.
<i>revenue</i>, fr. <i>revenir</i> to return, L. <i>revenire</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>venire</i> to come. See <u>Come</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which returns, or comes back, from an
investment; the annual rents, profits, interest, or issues of any
species of property, real or personal; income.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not anticipate your <i>revenues</i> and live upon
air till you know what you are worth.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, return; reward; as, a <i>revenue</i>
of praise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The annual yield of taxes, excise, customs,
duties, rents, etc., which a nation, state, or municipality collects
and receives into the treasury for public use.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Revenue cutter</b></col>, <cd>an armed government vessel
employed to enforce revenue laws, prevent smuggling, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*verb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To echo.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"ber*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reverberans</i>, p. pr. : cf. F. <i>r&eacute;verb&eacute;rant</i>.
See <u>Reverberate</u>.] <def>Having the quality of reverberation;
reverberating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"ber*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reverberatus</i>, p. p. of <i>reverberare</i> to strike back,
repel; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>verberare</i> to lash, whip, beat,
fr. <i>verber</i> a lash, whip, rod.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Reverberant.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>reverberate</i> hills."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Driven back, as sound; reflected.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"ber*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reverberated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reverberating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To return
or send back; to repel or drive back; to echo, as sound; to reflect,
as light, as light or heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who, like an arch, <i>reverberates</i><BR>
The voice again.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send or force back; to repel from side
to side; as, flame is <i>reverberated</i> in a furnace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to fuse by reverberated heat.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Reverberated</i> into glass."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"ber*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To resound; to echo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be driven back; to be reflected or
repelled, as rays of light; to be echoed, as sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver`ber*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>r&eacute;verb&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>The act of reverberating;
especially, the act of reflecting light or heat, or re&euml;choing
sound; as, the <i>reverberation</i> of rays from a mirror; the
<i>reverberation</i> of rays from a mirror; the <i>reverberation</i>
of voices; the <i>reverberation</i> of heat or flame in a
furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"ber*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the
nature of reverberation; tending to reverberate; reflective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>reverberative</i> influence is that which we
have intended above, as the influence of the mass upon its
centers.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"ber*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who,
or that which, produces reverberation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"ber*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Producing reverberation; acting by reverberation;
reverberative.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reverberatory furnace</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Furnace</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"ber*a*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
reverberatory furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"dure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover
again with verdure.</def>  <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Revered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Revering</u>.] [L. <i>revereri</i>; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>vereri</i> to fear, perh. akin to E. <i>wary</i>: cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;v&eacute;rer</i>.] <def>To regard with reverence, or
profound respect and affection, mingled with awe or fear; to venerate;
to reverence; to honor in estimation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Marcus Aurelius, whom he rather <i>revered</i> as his
father than treated as his partner in the empire.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To venerate; adore; reverence.</p>

<p><hw>Rev"er*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;v&eacute;rence</i>, L. <i>reverentia</i>. See
<u>Reverent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Profound respect and esteem
mingled with fear and affection, as for a holy being or place; the
disposition to revere; veneration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou be poor, farewell thy
<i>reverence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reverence</i>, which is the synthesis of love and
fear.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When discords, and quarrels, and factions, are carried
openly and audaciously, it is a sign the <i>reverence</i> of
government islost.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly, as in Chaucer, <i>reverence</i> denoted "respect"
"honor", without awe or fear.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of revering; a token of respect or
veneration; an obeisance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make twenty <i>reverences</i> upon receiving . . .
about twopence.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And each of them doeth all his diligence<BR>
To do unto the feast <i>reverence</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which deserves or exacts
manifestations of reverence; reverend character; dignity;
state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am forced to lay my <i>reverence</i> by.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person entitled to be revered; -- a title
applied to priests or other ministers with the pronouns <i>his</i> or
<i>your</i>; sometimes poetically to a father.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Save your reverence</b></col>, <col><b>Saving your
reverence</b></col>, <cd>an apologetical phrase for an unseemly
expression made in the presence of a priest or clergyman.</cd> --
<col><b>Sir reverence</b></col>, <cd>a contracted form of <i>Save your
reverence</i>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a one as a man may not speak of, without he say.
"<i>Sir reverence</i>."</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To do reverence</b></col>, <cd>to show reverence or
honor; to perform an act of reverence.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Now lies he there,<BR>
And none so poor <i>to do</i> him <i>reverence</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Awe; honor; veneration; adoration; dread.  --
<u>Awe</u>, <u>Reverence</u>, <u>Dread</u>, <u>Veneration</u>.
<i>Reverence</i> is a strong sentiment of respect and esteem,
sometimes mingled slightly with fear; as, <i>reverence</i> for the
divine law. <i>Awe</i> is a mixed feeling of sublimity and dread in
view of something great or terrible, sublime or sacred; as, <i>awe</i>
at the divine presence. It does not necessarily imply love.
<i>Dread</i> is an anxious fear in view of an impending evil; as,
<i>dread</i> of punishment. <i>Veneration</i> is reverence in its
strongest manifestations. It is the highest emotion we can exercise
toward human beings. Exalted and noble objects produce
<i>reverence</i>; terrific and threatening objects awaken
<i>dread</i>; a sense of the divine presence fills us with <i>awe</i>;
a union of wisdom and virtue in one who is advanced in years inspires
us with <i>veneration</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Rev"er*ence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reverenced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reverencing</u> (?).] <def>To regard or treat with reverence; to
regard with respect and affection mingled with fear; to
venerate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let . . . the wife see that she <i>reverence</i> her
husband.</blockquote> <i>Eph. v. 33.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those that I <i>reverence</i> those I fear, the
wise.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev"er*en*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
regards with reverence.</def> "<i>Reverencers</i> of crowned heads."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev"er*end</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;v&eacute;rend</i>, L. <i>reverendus</i>, fr.
<i>revereri</i>. See <u>Revere</u>.] <def>Worthy of reverence;
entitled to respect mingled with fear and affection;
venerable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>reverend</i> sire among them came.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They must give good example and <i>reverend</i>
deportment in the face of their children.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word is commonly given as a title of respect to
ecclesiastics.  A clergyman is styled the <i>reverend</i>; a dean, the
<i>very reverend</i>; a bishop, the <i>right reverend</i>; an
archbishop, the <i>most reverend</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Rev"er*end*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Reverently.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev"er*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>reverens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>revereri</i>. See <u>Revere</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to revere; impressed with reverence;
submissive; humble; respectful; as, <i>reverent</i> disciples.</def>
"They . . . prostrate fell before him <i>reverent</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing reverence, veneration, devotion,
or submission; as, <i>reverent</i> words; <i>reverent</i>
behavior.</def>  <i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev`er*en"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;v&eacute;renciel</i>. See <u>Reverence</u>.]
<def>Proceeding from, or expressing, reverence; having a reverent
quality; reverent; as, <i>reverential</i> fear or awe.</def> "A
<i>reverential</i> esteem of things sacred."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev`er*en"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
reverential manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rev"er*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a reverent
manner; in respectful regard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
reveres.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rev"er*ie</hw> (?), <hw>Rev"er*y</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Reveries</b></plw> (#). [F.
<i>r&eacute;verie</i>, fr. <i>r&ecirc;ver</i> to dream, rave, be
light-headed.  Cf. <u>Rave</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A loose or
irregular train of thought occurring in musing or mediation; deep
musing; daydream.</def> "Rapt in nameless <i>reveries</i>."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When ideas float in our mind without any reflection or
regard of the understanding, it is that which the French call
<i>revery</i>, our language has scarce a name for it.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An extravagant conceit of the fancy; a
vision.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There are infinite <i>reveries</i> and numberless
extravagancies pass through both [wise and foolish
minds].</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Reverse</u>.]
<def>Intended to reverse; implying reversal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"sal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Reverse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of reversing; the causing to move or
face in an opposite direction, or to stand or lie in an inverted
position; as, the <i>reversal</i> of a rotating wheel; the
<i>reversal</i> of objects by a convex lens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A change or overthrowing; as, the
<i>reversal</i> of a judgment, which amounts to an official
declaration that it is false; the <i>reversal</i> of an attainder, or
of an outlawry, by which the sentence is rendered void.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*verse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>revers</i>,
OF. <i>revers</i>, L. <i>reversus</i>, p. p. of <i>revertere</i>. See
<u>Revert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Turned backward; having a
contrary or opposite direction; hence; opposite or contrary in kind;
as, the <i>reverse</i> order or method.</def> "A vice <i>reverse</i>
unto this."  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Turned upside down; greatly
disturbed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He found the sea diverse<BR>
With many a windy storm <i>reverse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Reversed; as, a
<i>reverse</i> shell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reverse bearing</b></col> <i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>the bearing
of a back station as observed from the station next in advance.</cd> -
- <col><b>Reverse curve</b></col> <i>(Railways)</i>, <cd>a curve like
the letter <universbold>S</universbold>, formed of two curves bending
in opposite directions.</cd> -- <col><b>Reverse fire</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a fire in the rear.</cd> -- <col><b>Reverse
operation</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>an operation the steps of
which are taken in a contrary order to that in which the same or
similar steps are taken in another operation considered as
<i>direct</i>; an operation in which that is sought which in another
operation is given, and that given which in the other is sought; as,
finding the length of a pendulum from its time of vibration is the
<i>reverse operation</i> to finding the time of vibration from the
length.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1234 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*verse"</hw> (r&esl;*v&etilde;rs"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>revers</i>. See <u>Reverse</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which appears or is presented when
anything, as a lance, a line, a course of conduct, etc., is reverted
or turned contrary to its natural direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He did so with the <i>reverse</i> of the
lance.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is directly opposite or contrary
to something else; a contrary; an opposite.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And then mistook <i>reverse</i> of wrong for
right.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To make everything the <i>reverse</i> of what they have
seen, is quite as easy as to destroy.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of reversing; complete change;
reversal; hence, total change in circumstances or character;
especially, a change from better to worse; misfortune; a check or
defeat; as, the enemy met with a <i>reverse</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The strange <i>reverse</i> of fate you see;<BR>
I pitied you, now you may pity me.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By a <i>reverse</i> of fortune, Stephen becomes
rich.</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The back side; as, the <i>reverse</i> of a
drum or trench; the <i>reverse</i> of a medal or coin, that is, the
side opposite to the <i>obverse</i>. See <u>Obverse</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A thrust in fencing made with a backward
turn of the hand; a backhanded stroke.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A turn or fold made in
bandaging, by which the direction of the bandage is changed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*verse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reversed</u> (-v&etilde;rst");<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reversing</u>.] [See <u>Reverse</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Revert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To turn back; to cause to face in a contrary direction; to cause
to depart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And that old dame said many an idle verse,<BR>
Out of her daughter's heart fond fancies to
<i>reverse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to return; to recall.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And to his fresh remembrance did <i>reverse</i><BR>
The ugly view of his deformed crimes.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To change totally; to alter to the
opposite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Reverse</i> the doom of death.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>reversed</i> the conduct of the celebrated vicar
of Bray.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To turn upside down; to invert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A pyramid <i>reversed</i> may stand upon his point if
balanced by admirable skill.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to overthrow; to subvert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These can divide, and these <i>reverse</i>, the
state.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Custom . . . <i>reverses</i> even the distinctions of
good and evil.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To overthrow by a contrary
decision; to make void; to under or annual for error; as, to
<i>reverse</i> a judgment, sentence, or decree.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reverse arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a position of a
soldier in which the piece passes between the right elbow and the body
at an angle of 45&deg;, and is held as in the illustration.</cd> --
<col><b>To reverse an engine</b></col> or <col><b>a machine</b></col>,
<cd>to cause it to perform its revolutions or action in the opposite
direction.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To overturn; overset; invert; overthrow; subvert;
repeal; annul; revoke; undo.</p>

<p><hw>Re*verse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To return; to revert.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become or be reversed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*versed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Turned side for side, or end for end; changed to the contrary;
specifically <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, sinistrorse or sinistral; as,
a <i>reversed</i>, or sinistral, spiral or shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Annulled and the contrary
substituted; as, a <i>reversed</i> judgment or decree.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reversed positive</b></col> or <col><b>negative</b></col>
<i>(Photog.)</i>, <cd>a picture corresponding with the original in
light and shade, but reversed as to right and left.</cd>
<i>Abney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vers"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
reversed way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*verse"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Irreversible.</def> [R.]  <i>A. Seward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*verse"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a reverse
manner; on the other hand; on the opposite.</def>  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vers"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
reverses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vers`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being reversible.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vers"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;versible</i> revertible, reversionary.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being reversed; as, a chair or seat having a
<i>reversible</i> back; a <i>reversible</i> judgment or
sentence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, having a pattern or finished surface
on both sides, so that either may be used; -- said of
fabrics.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reversible lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock that may be applied
to a door opening in either direction, or hinged to either jamb.</cd>
-- <col><b>Reversible process</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Process</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*vers"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a reversible
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vers"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to effect
reversal, as of motion; capable of being reversed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reversing engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine having a
reversing gear by means of which it can be made to run in either
direction at will.</cd> -- <col><b>Reversing gear</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>gear for reversing the direction of rotation at
will.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"sion</hw> (r&esl;*v&etilde;r"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;version</i>, L. <i>reversio</i> a
turning back. See <u>Revert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
returning, or coming back; return.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>After his <i>reversion</i> home, [he] was spoiled,
also, of all that he brought with him.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which reverts or returns;
residue.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The small <i>reversion</i> of this great navy which
came home might be looked upon by religious eyes as
relics.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The returning of an estate to
the grantor or his heirs, by operation of law, after the grant has
terminated; hence, the residue of an estate left in the proprietor or
owner thereof, to take effect in possession, by operation of law,
after the termination of a limited or less estate carved out of it and
conveyed by him.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a right to future possession or
enjoyment; succession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For even <i>reversions</i> are all begged
before.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Annuities)</i> <def>A payment which is not
to be received, or a benefit which does not begin, until the happening
of some event, as the death of a living person.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A return towards some
ancestral type or character; atavism.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Reversion of series</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>the act of
reverting a series. See <i>To revert a series</i>, under
<u>Revert</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a reversion; involving a reversion; to be
enjoyed in succession, or after the termination of a particular
estate; as, a <i>reversionary</i> interest or right.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"sion*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>That which is to be received in reversion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"sion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who has a reversion, or who is entitled to lands or
tenements, after a particular estate granted is terminated.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ver"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A certain
game at cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Reverted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reverting</u>.] [L. <i>revertere</i>, <i>reversum</i>; pref. <i>re-
</i> re- + <i>vertere</i> to turn: cf. OF. <i>revertir</i>. See
<u>Verse</u>, and cf. <u>Reverse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn
back, or to the contrary; to reverse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till happy chance <i>revert</i> the cruel
scence.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tumbling stream . . . <BR>
<i>Reverted</i>, plays in undulating flow.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw back; to reflect; to
reverberate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To change back. See
<u>Revert</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>To revert a series</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>to treat a
series, as <i>y = a + bx + cx<sup>2</sup>  + etc.</i>, where one
variable <i>y</i> is expressed in powers of a second variable
<i>x</i>, so as to find therefrom the second variable <i>x</i>,
expressed in a series arranged in powers of <i>y</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*vert"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To return; to come back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So that my arrows<BR>
Would have <i>reverted</i> to my bow again.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To return to the proprietor
after the termination of a particular estate granted by him.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To return, wholly or in
part, towards some pre&euml;xistent form; to take on the traits or
characters of an ancestral type.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To change back, as from a
soluble to an insoluble state or the reverse; thus, phosphoric acid in
certain fertilizers <i>reverts</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vert"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, reverts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An active promoter in making the East Saxons converts,
or rather <i>reverts</i>, to the faith.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vert"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Turned back;
reversed. Specifically: <i>(Her.)</i> Bent or curved twice, in
opposite directions, or in the form of an
<universbold>S</universbold>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vert"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
remedy which restores the natural order of the inverted irritative
motions in the animal system.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vert"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, reverts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Reversion.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vert"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of,
or admitting of, reverting or being reverted; as, a <i>revertible</i>
estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vert"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reverting, or
tending to revert; returning.</def> -- <wf>Re*vert"ive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The tide <i>revertive</i>, unattracted, leaves<BR>
A yellow waste of idle sands behind.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Reverie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vest"</hw> (r&emacr;*v&ebreve;st"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[OF <i>reverstir</i>, F. <i>rev&ecirc;tir</i>, L. <i>revestire</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>vestire</i> to clothe, fr. <i>vestis</i> a
garment. See <u>Vestry</u>, and cf. <u>Revet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To clothe again; to cover, as with a robe; to robe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her, nathless, . . . the enchanter<BR>
Did thus <i>revest</i> and decked with due habiliments.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To vest again with possession or office;
as, to <i>revest</i> a magistrate with authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vest"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take effect or
vest again, as a title; to revert to former owner; as, the title or
right <i>revests</i> in A after alienation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ves"ti*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>revestiarium</i>: cf. F. <i>revestiaire</i>. See <u>Revest</u>.]
<def>The apartment, in a church or temple, where the vestments, etc.,
are kept; -- now contracted into <i>vestry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ves"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Revestiary</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*vest"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vesture.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rich<i>revesture</i> of cloth of gold.</blockquote>
<i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vet"</hw> (r&esl;*v&ebreve;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Revetted</u>;<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Revetting</u>.] [See <u>Revetment</u>.] <i>(Mil. &
Civil Engineering)</i> <def>To face, as an embankment, with masonry,
wood, or other material.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vet"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>rev&ecirc;tement</i> the lining of a ditch, fr.
<i>rev&ecirc;tir</i> to clothe, L. <i>revestire</i>. See
<u>Revest</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Fort. &amp; Engin.)</i> <def>A
facing of wood, stone, or any other material, to sustain an embankment
when it receives a slope steeper than the natural slope; also, a
retaining wall.</def> [Written also <i>rev&ecirc;tement</i>
(&?;).]</p>

<p><hw>Re*vi"brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To vibrate
back or in return.</def> -- <wf>Re`vi*bra"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*vict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>revictus</i>,
p. p. of <i>revincere</i> to conquer.] <def>To reconquer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>revivere</i>, <i>revictum</i>, to live again; pref. <i>re-</i> re-
+ <i>vivere</i> to live.] <def>Return to life.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vict"ual</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To victual
again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To vie with, or rival, in return.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>To meet a wager on,
as on the taking of a trick, with a higher wager.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vie"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To exceed an adversary's wager in card playing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a retort; to bandy words.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*view"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Review&?;d</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reveiwing</u>.] [Pref. <i>re-</i> + <i>view</i>.  Cf.
<u>Review</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To view
or see again; to look back on.</def> [R.] "I shall <i>review</i>
Sicilia."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go over and examine critically or
deliberately.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
reconsider; to revise, as a manuscript before printing it, or a book
for a new edition.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To go over with
critical examination, in order to discover exellences or defects;
hence, to write a critical notice of; as, to <i>review</i> a new
novel.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To make a formal or official
examination of the state of, as troops, and the like; as, to
<i>review</i> a regiment.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>To re&euml;xamine judically; as, a higher court may <i>review</i>
the proceedings and judgments of a lower one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To retrace; to go over again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall I the long, laborious scene
<i>review</i>?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*view"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To look back; to
make a review.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*view"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>revue</i>, fr.
<i>revu</i>, p. p. of <i>revoir</i> to see again, L. <i>revidere</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>videre</i> to see. See <u>View</u>, <i>and
cf</i>. <u>Revise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A second or repeated
view; a re&euml;xamination; a retrospective survey; a looking over
again; as, a <i>review</i> of one's studies; a <i>review</i> of
life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An examination with a view to amendment or
improvement; revision; as, an author's <i>review</i> of his
works.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A critical examination of a publication,
with remarks; a criticism; a critique.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A periodical containing critical essays
upon matters of interest, as new productions in literature, art,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An inspection, as of troops under arms or
of a naval force, by a high officer, for the purpose of ascertaining
the state of discipline, equipments, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The judicial examination of
the proceedings of a lower court by a higher.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A lesson studied or recited for a second
time.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of review</b></col> <i>(Equity)</i>, <cd>a bill, in
the nature of proceedings in error, filed to procure an examination
and alteration or reversal of a final decree which has been duly
signed and enrolled.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i> -- <col><b>Commission of
review</b></col> <i>(Eng. Eccl. Law)</i>, <cd>a commission formerly
granted by the crown to revise the sentence of the court of
delegates.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Re&euml;xamination; resurvey; retrospect; survey;
reconsideration; revisal; revise; revision.</p>

<p><hw>Re*view"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being reviewed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*view"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A review.</def>
[R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*view"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who reviews
or re&euml;xamines; an inspector; one who examines publications
critically, and publishes his opinion upon their merits; a
professional critic of books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vig"or*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>revigoratus</i>, p. p. of <i>revigorare</i>; L. <i>re-</i> +
<i>vigor</i> vigor.] <def>Having new vigor or strength; invigorated
anew.</def> [R.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vig"or*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give
new vigor to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*vile"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reviled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reviling</u>.] [Pref. <i>re-</i> + OF. <i>aviler</i> to make vile,
depreciate, F. <i>avilir</i>; &agrave; (L. <i>ad</i>.) + <i>vil</i>
vile. See <u>Vile</u>.] <def>To address or abuse with opprobrious and
contemptuous language; to reproach.</def> "And did not she herself
<i>revile</i> me there?"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who, when he was <i>reviled</i>, <i>reviled</i> not
again.</blockquote> <i>1 Pet. ii. 23.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reproach; vilify; upbraid; calumniate.</p>

<p><hw>Re*vile"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Reproach;
reviling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The gracious Judge, without <i>revile</i>,
replied.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vile"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
reviling; also, contemptuous language; reproach; abuse.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
reviles.</def>  <i>1. Cor. vi. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vil"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Reproach; abuse;
vilification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither be ye afraid of their
<i>revilings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Isa. li. 7.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vil"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uttering reproaches;
containing reproaches.</def> -- <wf>Re*vil"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*vince"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Revict</u>.] <def>To overcome; to refute, as error.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vin"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>re-
</i> + <i>vindicate</i>.  Cf. <u>Revindicate</u>, <u>Revenge</u>.]
<def>To vindicate again; to reclaim; to demand and take back.</def>
<i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev`i*res"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>revirescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>revirescere</i> to grow green again.]
<def>A growing green or fresh again; renewal of youth or vigor.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*vis"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
revised.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vis"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Revise</u>.]
<def>The act of revising, or reviewing and re&euml;xamining for
correction and improvement; revision; as, the <i>revisal</i> of a
manuscript; the <i>revisal</i> of a proof sheet; the <i>revisal</i> of
a treaty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>   [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Revised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Revising</u>.] [F. <i>reviser</i>, fr. L. <i>revidere</i>,
<i>revisum</i>, to see again; pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>videre</i>,
<i>visum</i>, to see. See <u>Review</u>, <u>View</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To look at again for the detection of errors;
to re&euml;xamine; to review; to look over with care for correction;
as, to <i>revise</i> a writing; to <i>revise</i> a
translation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To compare (a proof) with a
previous proof of the same matter, and mark again such errors as have
not been corrected in the type.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To review, alter, and amend; as, to
<i>revise</i> statutes; to <i>revise</i> an agreement; to
<i>revise</i> a dictionary.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Revised Version of the Bible</b></col>, <cd>a version
prepared in accordance with a resolution passed, in 1870, by both
houses of the Convocation of the Province of Canterbury, England. Both
English and American revisers were employed on the work. It was first
published in a complete form in 1885, and is a revised form of the
Authorized Version. See <i>Authorized Version</i>, under
<u>Authorized</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*vise"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
review; a revision.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A second proof sheet; a
proof sheet taken after the first or a subsequent
correction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vis"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
revises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;vision</i>, L. revisio.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of revising; re&euml;xamination for correction; review; as, the
<i>revision</i> of a book or writing, or of a proof sheet; a
<i>revision</i> of statutes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is made by revising.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Re&euml;xamination; revisal; revise; review.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Re*vi"sion*al</hw> (?), <hw>Re*vi"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to revision;
revisory.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1235 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*vis"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To visit again.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To revise.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ld.
Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vis`it*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
revisiting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vi"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
power or purpose to revise; revising.</def>  <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vi"tal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To restore
vitality to; to bring back to life.</def>  <i>L. S. Beale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*viv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
revived.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*viv"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Revive</u>.]
<def>The act of reviving, or the state of being revived.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Renewed attention to something,
as to letters or literature.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Renewed
performance of, or interest in, something, as the drama and
literature.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Renewed interest in
religion, after indifference and decline; a period of religious
awakening; special religious interest.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>Reanimation from a state of langour or depression; -- applied to
the health, spirits, and the like.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<def>Renewed pursuit, or cultivation, or flourishing state of
something, as of commerce, arts, agriculture.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Renewed prevalence of something, as a
practice or a fashion.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Restoration of force, validity, or effect; renewal; as, the
<i>revival</i> of a debt barred by limitation; the <i>revival</i> of a
revoked will, etc.</def> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>Revivification, as
of a metal. See <u>Revivification</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*viv"al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The spirit of
religious revivals; the methods of revivalists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*viv"al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A clergyman or
layman who promotes revivals of religion; an advocate for religious
revivals; sometimes, specifically, a clergyman, without a particular
charge, who goes about to promote revivals. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*viv`al*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to revivals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>   [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Revived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Reviving</u>.] [F. <i>revivere</i>, L. <i>revivere</i>; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>vivere</i> to live. See <u>Vivid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To return to life; to recover life or
strength; to live anew; to become reanimated or reinvigorated.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord heard the voice of Elijah; and the soul of the
child came into again, and he <i>revived</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings
xvii. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to recover from a state of oblivion,
obscurity, neglect, or depression; as, classical learning
<i>revived</i> in the fifteenth century.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>To recover its natural
or metallic state, as a metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vive"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>reviver</i>.
See <u>Revive</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
restore, or bring again to life; to reanimate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those bodies, by reason of whose mortality we died,
shall be <i>revived</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise from coma, languor, depression, or
discouragement; to bring into action after a suspension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those gracious words <i>revive</i> my drooping
thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your coming, friends, <i>revives</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to recover from a state of neglect
or disuse; as, to <i>revive</i> letters or learning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To renew in the mind or memory; to bring to
recollection; to recall attention to; to reawaken.</def>
"<i>Revive</i> the libels born to die."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind has a power in many cases to <i>revive</i>
perceptions which it has once had.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>To restore or reduce to
its natural or metallic state; as, to <i>revive</i> a metal after
calcination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vive"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Revival.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*viv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, revives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`vi*vif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>re-</i> + <i>vivificate</i>: cf. L. <i>revivificare</i>,
<i>revivificatum</i>.  Cf. <u>Revivify</u>.] <def>To revive; to recall
or restore to life.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*viv`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;vivification</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Renewal of
life; restoration of life; the act of recalling, or the state of being
recalled, to life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>The reduction of a metal
from a state of combination to its metallic state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*viv"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;vivifier</i>, L. <i>revivificare</i>. See <u>Vivify</u>.]
<def>To cause to revive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some association may <i>revivify</i> it enough to make
it flash, after a long oblivion, into consciousness.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*viv"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Returning
or restoring to life or vigor; reanimating.</def> <i>Milton.</i> --
<wf>Re*viv"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rev`i*vis"cence</hw> (?), <hw>Rev`i*vis"cen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of reviving, or the state of being
revived; renewal of life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this age we have a sort of <i>reviviscence</i>, not,
I fear, of the power, but of a taste for the power, of the early
times.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev`i*vis"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>reviviscens</i>, p. pr. of<i>reviviscere</i> to revive; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>viviscere</i>, v. incho. fr. <i>vivere</i> to
live.] <def>Able or disposed to revive; reviving.</def>  <i>E.
Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*viv"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<def>Revival of a suit which is abated by the death or marriage of any
of the parties, -- done by a bill of <i>revivor</i>.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev`o*ca*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being revocable; as, the <i>revocability</i> of a
law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rev"o*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>revocabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;vocable</i>. See
<u>Revoke</u>.] <def>Capable of being revoked; as, a <i>revocable</i>
edict or grant; a <i>revocable</i> covenant.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Rev"o*ca*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rev"o*ca*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rev"o*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>revocatus</i>, p. p. of <i>revocare</i>. See <u>Revoke</u>.]
<def>To recall; to call back.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rev`o*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>revocatio</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;vocation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of calling back, or the state of being recalled;
recall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One that saw the people bent for the <i>revocation</i>
of Calvin, gave him notice of their affection.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act by which one, having the right,
annuls an act done, a power or authority given, or a license, gift, or
benefit conferred; repeal; reversal; as, the <i>revocation</i> of an
edict, a power, a will, or a license.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rev"o**ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>revocatorius</i>: cf. F. <i>r&eacute;vocatoire</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to revocation; tending to, or involving, a revocation;
revoking; recalling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*voice"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To refurnish
with a voice; to refit, as an organ pipe, so as to restore its
tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*voke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Revoked</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Revoking</u>.] [F. <i>r&eacute;voquer</i>, L. <i>revocare</i>;
pref. <i>re-</i> re- + <i>vocare</i> to call, fr. <i>vox</i>,
<i>vocis</i>, voice. See <u>Voice</u>, and cf. <u>Revocate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To call or bring back; to recall.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The faint sprite he did <i>revoke</i> again,<BR>
To her frail mansion of morality.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to annul, by recalling or taking
back; to repeal; to rescind; to cancel; to reverse, as anything
granted by a special act; as, , to <i>revoke</i> a will, a license, a
grant, a permission, a law, or the like.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hold back; to repress; to
restrain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[She] still strove their sudden rages to
<i>revoke</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To draw back; to withdraw.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To call back to mind; to recollect.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man, by <i>revoking</i> and recollecting within
himself former passages, will be still apt to inculcate these sad
memoris to his conscience.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abolish; recall; repeal; rescind; countermand;
annul; abrogate; cancel; reverse. See <u>Abolish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*voke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Card
Playing)</i> <def>To fail to follow suit when holding a card of the
suit led, in violation of the rule of the game; to renege.</def>
<i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*voke"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<def>The act of revoking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She [Sarah Battle] never made a
<i>revoke</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*voke"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Revocation.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vok"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
revokes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vok"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way of
revocation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*volt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Revolted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Revolting</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>r&eacute;voller</i>, It.
<i>rivoltare</i>. See <u>Revolt</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn away; to abandon or reject something;
specifically, to turn away, or shrink, with abhorrence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But this got by casting pearl to hogs,<BR>
That bawl for freedom in their senseless mood,<BR>
And still <i>revolt</i> when trith would set them free.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>HIs clear intelligence <i>revolted</i> from the
dominant sophisms of that time.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to be faithless; to desert one party
or leader for another; especially, to renounce allegiance or
subjection; to rise against a government; to rebel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our discontented counties do
<i>revolt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Plant those that have <i>revolted</i> in the
van.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be disgusted, shocked, or grossly
offended; hence, to feel nausea; -- with <i>at</i>; as, the stomach
<i>revolts</i> at such food; his nature <i>revolts</i> at
cruelty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*volt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to turn back; to roll or drive back; to put to
flight.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do violence to; to cause to turn away or
shrink with abhorrence; to shock; as, to <i>revolt</i> the
feelings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This abominable medley is made rather to <i>revolt</i>
young and ingenuous minds.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To derive delight from what inflicts pain on any
sentient creatuure <i>revolted</i> his conscience and offended his
reason.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*volt"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&eacute;volte</i>,
It. <i>rivolta</i>, fr. <i>rivolto</i>, p. p. fr. L. <i>revolvere</i>,
<i>revolutum</i>. See <u>Revolve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of revolting; an uprising against legitimate authority; especially, a
renunciation of allegiance and subjection to a government; rebellion;
as, the <i>revolt</i> of a province of the Roman empire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who first seduced them to that foul
<i>revolt</i>?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A revolter.</def> [Obs.] "Ingrate
<i>revolts</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insurrection; sedition; rebellion; mutiny. See
<u>Insurrection</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Re*volt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
revolts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*volt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing abhorrence
mixed with disgust; exciting extreme repugnance; loathsome; as,
<i>revolting</i> cruelty.</def> -- <wf>Re*volt"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rev"o*lu*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>revolubilis</i> that may be rolled back. See <u>Revolve</u>.]
<def>Capable of revolving; rotatory; revolving.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Us, then, to whom the thrice three year<BR>
Hath filled his <i>revoluble</i> orb since our arrival here,<BR>
I blame not.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev"o*lute</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>revolutus</i>,
p. p. of <i>revolvere</i>. See <u>Revolve</u>.] <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Rolled backward or downward.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>revolute</i> leaf is coiled downwards, with the lower
surface inside the coil. A leaf with <i>revolute</i> margins has the
edges rolled under, as in the <i>Andromeda polifilia</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Rev`o*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;volution</i>, L.  <i>revolutio</i>. See <u>Revolve</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of revolving, or turning round on an
axis or a center; the motion of a body round a fixed point or line;
rotation; as, the <i>revolution</i> of a wheel, of a top, of the earth
on its axis, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Return to a point before occupied, or to a
point relatively the same; a rolling back; return; as,
<i>revolution</i> in an ellipse or spiral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That fear<BR>
Comes thundering back, with dreadful <i>revolution</i>,<BR>
On my defenseless head.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The space measured by the regular return of
a revolving body; the period made by the regular recurrence of a
measure of time, or by a succession of similar events.</def> "The
short <i>revolution</i> of a day."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The motion of any body, as
a planet or satellite, in a curved line or orbit, until it returns to
the same point again, or to a point relatively the same; -- designated
as the <i>annual</i>, <i>anomalistic</i>, <i>nodical</i>,
<i>sidereal</i>, or <i>tropical revolution</i>, according as the point
of return or completion has a fixed relation to the year, the anomaly,
the nodes, the stars, or the tropics; as, the <i>revolution</i> of the
earth about the sun; the <i>revolution</i> of the moon about the
earth.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is sometimes applied in astronomy to the motion of
a single body, as a planet, about its own axis, but this motion is
usually called <i>rotation</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The motion of a point, line,
or surface about a point or line as its center or axis, in such a
manner that a moving point generates a curve, a moving line a surface
(called a <i>surface of revolution</i>), and a moving surface a solid
(called a <i>solid of revolution</i>); as, the <i>revolution</i> of a
right-angled triangle about one of its sides generates a cone; the
<i>revolution</i> of a semicircle about the diameter generates a
sphere.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A total or radical change; as, a
<i>revolution</i> in one's circumstances or way of living.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ability . . . of the great philosopher speedily
produced a complete <i>revolution</i> throughout the
department.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Politics)</i> <def>A fundamental change in
political organization, or in a government or constitution; the
overthrow or renunciation of one government, and the substitution of
another, by the governed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The violence of <i>revolutions</i> is generally
proportioned to the degree of the maladministration which has produced
them.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; When used without qualifying terms, the word is often
applied specifically, by way of eminence, to: (<i>a</i>) The English
<i>Revolution</i> in 1689, when William of Orange and Mary became the
reigning sovereigns, in place of James II. (<i>b</i>) The American
<i>Revolution</i>, beginning in 1775, by which the English colonies,
since known as the United States, secured their independence.
(<i>c</i>) The <i>revolution</i> in France in 1789, commonly called
<i>the French Revolution</i>, the subsequent revolutions in that
country being designated by their dates, as the <i>Revolution</i> of
1830, of 1848, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Rev`o*lu"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;volutionnaire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a revolution
in government; tending to, or promoting, revolution; as,
<i>revolutionary</i> war; <i>revolutionary</i> measures;
<i>revolutionary</i> agitators.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rev`o*lu"tion*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
revolutionist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Dumfries was a Tory town, and could not tolerate a
<i>revolutionary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev`o*lu"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
engaged in effecting a revolution; a revolutionist.</def>
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev`o*lu"tion*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being in revolution; revolutionary doctrines or
principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rev`o*lu"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One engaged
in effecting a change of government; a favorer of revolution.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rev`o*lu"tion*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Revolutioniezed</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Revolutionizing</u>(?).] <def>To change
completely, as by a revolution; as, to <i>revolutionize</i> a
government.</def>  <i>Ames.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gospel . . . has <i>revolutionized</i> his
soul.</blockquote> <i>J. M. Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vol"u*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to
revolve things in the mind; meditative.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*volv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
revolved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*volve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Revolved</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Revolving</u>.] [L. <i>revolvere</i>, <i>revolutum</i>; pref.
<i>re-</i> re- + <i>volvere</i> to roll, turn round. See
<u>Voluble</u>, and cf. <u>Revolt</u>, <u>revolution</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn or roll round on, or as on, an axis,
like a wheel; to rotate, -- which is the more specific word in this
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the earth <i>revolve</i> thus, each house near the
equator must move a thousand miles an hour.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move in a curved path round a center;
as, the planets <i>revolve</i> round the sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass in cycles; as, the centuries
<i>revolve</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To return; to pass.</def> [R.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*volve"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to turn, as on an axis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then in the east her turn she shines,<BR>
<i>Revolved</i> on heaven's great axile.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to turn over and over in the mind;
to reflect repeatedly upon; to consider all aspects of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This having heard, straight I again <i>revolved</i><BR>
The law and prophets.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*volve"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
revolving.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*volv"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
state of revolving; revolution.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Its own <i>revolvency</i> upholds the
world.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*volv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, revolves; specifically, a firearm ( commonly a pistol) with
several chambers or barrels so arranged as to revolve on an axis, and
be discharged in succession by the same lock; a repeater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*volv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making a revolution
or revolutions; rotating; -- used also figuratively of time, seasons,
etc., depending on the revolution of the earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But grief returns with the <i>revolving</i>
year.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Revolving</i> seasons, fruitless as they
pass.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Revolving firearm</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Revolver</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Revolving light</b></col>, <cd>a light or lamp in a
lighthouse so arranged as to appear and disappear at fixed intervals,
either by being turned about an axis so as to show light only at
intervals, or by having its light occasionally intercepted by a
revolving screen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Re*vulse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>revulsus</i>, p. p. of <i>revellere</i>.] <def>To pull back with
force.</def> [R.]  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*vul"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>r&eacute;vulsion</i>, L. <i>revulsio</i>, fr. <i>revellere</i>,
<i>revulsum</i>, to pluck or pull away; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>vellere</i> to pull.  Cf. <u>Convulse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A strong pulling or drawing back; withdrawal.</def>
"<i>Revulsions</i> and pullbacks."  <i>SSir T. Brovne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden reaction; a sudden and complete
change; -- applied to the feelings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sudden and violent <i>revulsion</i> of feeling, both
in the Parliament and the country, followed.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act of turning or
diverting any disease from one part of the body to another. It
resembles <i>derivation</i>, but is usually applied to a more active
form of counter irritation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>r&eacute;vulsif</i>.] <def>Causing, or tending to,
revulsion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*vul"sive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which causes
revulsion; specifically <i>(Med.)</i>, a revulsive remedy or
agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Row</u> a series.]
<def>A row.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> "A <i>rew</i> of sundry
colored stones."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*wake""</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To wake
again.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1236 !></p>

<p><hw>Re*ward"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rewarded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rewarding</u>.] [OF. <i>rewarder</i>, another form of
<i>regarder</i>, of German origin. The original sense is, to look at,
regard, hence, to regard as worthy, give a reward to. See <u>Ward</u>,
<u>Regard</u>.] <def>To give in return, whether good or evil; --
commonly in a good sense; to requite; to recompense; to repay; to
compensate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After the deed that is done, one doom shall
<i>reward</i>,<BR>
Mercy or no mercy as truth will accord.</blockquote> <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast <i>rewarded</i> me good, whereas I have
<i>rewarded</i> thee evil.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xxiv. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will render vengeance to mine enemies, and will
<i>reward</i> them that hate me.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxxii.
41.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>rewards</i> those that have made use of the
single talent.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*ward"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Reward</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Regard</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Regard; respect; consideration.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Take <i>reward</i> of thine own value.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is given in return for good or
evil done or received; esp., that which is offered or given in return
for some service or attainment, as for excellence in studies, for the
return of something lost, etc.; recompense; requital.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou returnest<BR>
From flight, seditious angel, to receive<BR>
Thy merited <i>reward</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rewards</i> and punishments do always presuppose
something willingly done well or ill.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the fruit of one's labor or
works.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dead know not anything, neither have they any more
a <i>reward</i>.</blockquote> <i>Eccl. ix. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Compensation or remuneration
for services; a sum of money paid or taken for doing, or forbearing to
do, some act.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Recompense; compensation; remuneration; pay;
requital; retribution; punishment.</p>

<p><hw>Re*ward"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy of
reward.</def> -- <wf>Re*ward"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re*ward"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Re*ward"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rewards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ward"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Yielding
reward.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*ward"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having, or
affording, no reward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rewe</hw> (r&udd;), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
rue.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rew"el bone`</hw> (?). [Perh. from F. <i>rouelle</i>, dim. of
<i>roue</i> a wheel, L. <i>rota</i>.] <def>An obsolete phrase of
disputed meaning, -- perhaps, smooth or polished bone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His saddle was of <i>rewel boon</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rew"et</hw> (r&udd;"&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Rouet</u>.] <def>A gunlock.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rew"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rueful.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*win"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To win again, or
win back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Palatinate was not worth the
<i>rewinning</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rewle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Rule.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rewme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Realm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*word"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To repeat in the same words; to re&euml;cho.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To alter the wording of; to restate in
other words; as, to <i>reword</i> an idea or a passage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*write"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To write
again.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rewth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ruth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Rex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Reges</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A king.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To play rex</b></col>, <cd>to play the king; to
domineer.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Reyn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rain or rein.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rey"nard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An appelation
applied after the manner of a proper name to the fox. Same as
<u>Renard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reyse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To raise.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reyse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>reisen</i> to
travel.] <def>To go on a military expedition.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rha*bar"ba*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From NL.
<i>rhabarbarum</i>, an old name of rhubarb. See <u>Rhubarb</u>.]
<def>Impregnated or tinctured with rhubarb.</def>  <i>Floyer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rha*bar"ba*rin</hw> (?), or <hw>Rha*bar"ba*rine</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Chrysophanic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhab"dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"ra`bdos</grk> a rod.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A minute smooth rodlike or fusiform structure found in the
tissues of many Turbellaria.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the hard parts
forming the ovipositor of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhab`do*c&oelig;"la</hw>
(r&abreve;b`d&osl;*s&emacr;"l&adot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>"ra`bdos</grk> a rod + <grk>koi^los</grk> hollow.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of Turbellaria including those
that have a simple cylindrical, or saclike, stomach, without an
intestine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhab`do*c&oelig;"lous</hw> (-l&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Rhabdoc&oelig;la.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhab*doid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sagittal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhab"do*lith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"ra`bdos</grk> a rod + <i>-lith</i>.] <def>A minute calcareous
rodlike structure found both at the surface and the bottom of the
ocean; -- supposed by some to be a calcareous alga.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhab*dol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Rabdology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhab"dom</hw> (r&abreve;b"d&obreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>"ra`bdwma</grk> a bundle of rods, fr. <grk>"ra`bdos</grk> a
rod.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of numerous minute rodlike
structures formed of two or more cells situated behind the
retinul&aelig; in the compound eyes of insects, etc. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Ommatidium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhab"do*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Rabdomancy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhab"do*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rhabdom</i> +
<i>-mere</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the several parts
composing a rhabdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhab*doph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"ra`bdos</grk> a rod + &?;&?;&?; to bear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extinct division of Hydrozoa which
includes the graptolities.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhab`do*pleu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"ra`bdos</grk> a rod + &?;&?;&?;&?; the side.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine Bryozoa in which the
tubular cells have a centralchitinous axis and the tentacles are borne
on a bilobed lophophore. It is the type of the order Pterobranchia, or
Podostomata</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhab"do*sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"ra`bdos</grk> a rod + E. <i>sphere</i>.] <def>A minute sphere
composed of rhabdoliths.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rha`chi*al"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See
<u>Rachialgia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rha*chid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the rhachis; as, the <i>rhachidian</i> teeth of a
mollusk.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhach`i*glos"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Rhachis</u>, and <u>Glossa</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of marine gastropods having a retractile proboscis and three
longitudinal rows of teeth on the radula. It includes many of the
large ornamental shells, as the miters, murices, olives, purpuras,
volutes, and whelks. See <i>Illust.</i> in Append.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rha*chil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"ra`chis</grk> the spine.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A branch of
inflorescence; the zigzag axis on which the florets are arranged in
the spikelets of grasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rha"chi*o*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"ra`chis</grk>, <grk>-ios</grk>, the spine + &?;&?;&?;,
&?;&?;&?;, a tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having gular teeth
formed by a peculiar modification of the inferior spines of some of
the vertebr&aelig;, as certain South African snakes
(<i>Dasypeltis</i>) which swallow birds' eggs and use these gular
teeth to crush them.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rha"chis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Rhachises</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Rhachides</b></plw> (#).
[See <u>Rachis</u>.] [Written also <i>rechis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The spine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
continued stem or midrib of a pinnately compound leaf, as in a rose
leaf or a fern.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The principal axis in a
raceme, spike, panicle, or corymb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
shaft of a feather. The rhachis of the after-shaft, or plumule, is
called the <i>hyporhachis</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
central cord in the stem of a crinoid.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The median part of the radula of a mollusk.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A central cord of the ovary of
nematodes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rha*chi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See
<u>Rachitis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhad`a*man"thine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Rhadamanthus; rigorously just; as, a
<i>Rhadamanthine</i> judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhad`a*man"thus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Greek Mythol.)</i> <def>One of the three judges of the
infernal regions; figuratively, a strictly just judge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rh&aelig;"ti*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Rhetain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rh&aelig;"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Rhaeticus</i> Rhetian.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or of
the same horizon as, certain Mesozoic strata of the Rhetian Alps.
These strata are regarded as closing the Triassic period. See the
<i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rh&aelig;"ti*zite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called
from L. <i>Rhaetia</i>, <i>Raetia</i>, the Rhetian Alps, where it is
found.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of the mineral cyanite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rham`a*dan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ramadan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rham*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a natural order of shrubs and trees
(<i>Rhamnace&aelig;</i>, or <i>Rhamne&aelig;</i>) of which the
buckthorn (<i>Rhamnus</i>) is the type. It includes also the New
Jersey tea, the supple-jack, and one of the plants called lotus
(<i>Zizyphus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rham"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>"ra`mnos</grk> a kind of prickly shrub; cf. L. <i>rhamnos</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs and small trees; buckthorn. The
California <i>Rhamnus Purshianus</i> and the European <i>R.
catharticus</i> are used in medicine. The latter is used for
hedges.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rham`pho*rhyn"chus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"ra`mfos</grk> a beak + &?;&?;&?;&?; snout.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A genus of pterodactyls in which the elongated tail supported a
leathery expansion at the tip.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rham`pho*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rhamphothec&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr
<grk>"ra`mnos</grk> a beak + &?;&?; a case.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The horny covering of the bill of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rha"phe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;
seam, fr. &?;&?;&?; to sew. ] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The continuation of
the seed stalk along the side of an anatropous ovule or seed, forming
a ridge or seam.</def> [Written also <i>raphe</i>.]  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Rhaph"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, a needle, F. <i>raphides</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Minute transparent, often needle-shaped, crystals found in the
tissues of plants.</def> [Written also <i>raphides</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Rha*pon"ti*cine</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rhaponticum</i> rhubarb. See <u>Rhubarb</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Chrysophanic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhap"sode</hw> (r&abreve;p"s&omacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>"rapsw,do`s</grk>.  See <u>Rhapsody</u>.] <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A rhapsodist.</def> [R.]  <i>Grote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhap"so*der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
rhapsodist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Rhap*sod"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Rhap*sod"ic</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"rapsw,diko`s</grk>: cf. F.
<i>rhapsodique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to rhapsody; consisting of
rhapsody; hence, confused; unconnected.</def> --
<wf>Rhap*sod"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rhap"so*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Rhapsody</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anciently, one who recited
or composed a rhapsody; especially, one whose profession was to recite
the verses of Hormer and other epic poets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, one who recites or sings poems for a
livelihood; one who makes and repeats verses extempore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The same populace sit for hours listening to
<i>rhapsodists</i> who recite Ariosto.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who writes or speaks disconnectedly and
with great excitement or affectation of feeling.</def>  <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhap"so*dize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rhapsodized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rhapsodizing</u>.] <def>To utter as a rhapsody, or in
the manner of a rhapsody</def>  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhap"so*dize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter
rhapsodies.</def>  <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhap"so*do*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Rhapsody</i> + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by means of
verses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhap"so*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rhapsodies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>rhapsodie</i>, L.
<i>rhapsodia</i>, Gr. <grk>"rapsw,di`a</grk>, fr.
<grk>"rapsw,do`s</grk> a rhapsodist; <grk>"ra`ptein</grk> to sew,
stitch together, unite + <grk>'w,dh`</grk> a song. See <u>Ode</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A recitation or song of a rhapsodist; a
portion of an epic poem adapted for recitation, or usually recited, at
one time; hence, a division of the Iliad or the Odyssey; -- called
also a <i>book</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disconnected series of sentences or
statements composed under excitement, and without dependence or
natural connection; rambling composition.</def> "A <i>rhapsody</i> of
words." <i>Shak.</i> "A <i>rhapsody</i> of tales."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A composition irregular in
form, like an improvisation; as, Liszt's "Hungarian
<i>Rhapsodies</i>."</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rhat"a*ny</hw>, <hw>Rhat"an*hy</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>ratania</i>, <i>rata&ntilde;a</i>, Peruv.
<i>rata&ntilde;a</i>.] <def>The powerfully astringent root of a half-
shrubby Peruvian plant (<i>Krameria triandra</i>). It is used in
medicine and to color port wine.</def> [Written also
<i>ratany</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Savanilla rhatany</b></col>, <cd>the root of <i>Krameria
Ixina</i>, a native of New Granada.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rhe"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
ramie or grass-cloth plant. See <i>Grass-cloth plant</i>, under
<u>Grass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhe"a</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a proper name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of three species of large South
American ostrichlike birds of the genera <i>Rhea</i> and
<i>Pterocnemia</i>. Called also the <i>American ostrich</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common rhea, or nandou (<i>Rhea Americana</i>), ranges
from Brazil to Patagonia. Darwin's rhea (<i>Pterocnemia Darwinii</i>),
of Patagonia, is smaller, and has the legs feathered below the
knee.</p>

<p><hw>||Rhe"&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of struthious birds including the
rheas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhee"boc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>reebok</i>
roebuck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The peele.</def> [Written also
<i>reebok</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Rhe"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Rheum</i>
rhubarb, Gr. &?;&?;&?; See <u>Rhubarb</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (commonly called
chrysophanic acid) found in rhubarb (<i>Rheum</i>).</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Rhe"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Chrysophanic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhein"ber*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>rheinbeere</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the berries or drupes of
the European buckthorn; also, the buckthorn itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhe*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; of
or for a verb, fr. &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, a sentence. See
<u>Rhetoric</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Having a verb for its base;
derived from a verb; as, <i>rhematic</i> adjectives.</def>  <i>Ftzed.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhe*mat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine of
propositions or sentences.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhemish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Rheimis, or Reima, in France.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rhemish Testament</b></col>, <cd>the English version of the
New Testament used by Roman Catholics. See <u>Douay
Bible</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rhen"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Rhenus</i> the
Rhine. ] <def>Of or pertaining to the river Rhine; as, <i>Rhenish</i>
wine.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rhine wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhe"o*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow + &?;&?;&?; chord.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
metallic wire used for regulating the resistance of a circuit, or
varying the strength of an electric current, by inserting a greater or
less length of it in the circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhe*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow + <i>-meter</i>.] [Written also
<i>reometer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
instrument for measuring currents, especially the force or intensity
of electrical currents; a galvanometer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for
measuring the velocity of the blood current in the arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhe`o*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a rheometer or rheometry.</def>  <i>Lardner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhe*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The measurement of the force or intensity of currents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The calculus;
fluxions.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rhe"o*mo`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow + E. <i>motor</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Any
apparatus by which an electrical current is originated.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rhe"o*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow + &?;&?;&?; to carry.] <i>(Elec.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A connecting wire of an electric or voltaic
apparatus, traversed by a current.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One
of the poles of a voltaic battery; an electrode.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhe"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
instrument for detecting the presence or movement of currents, as of
electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhe"o*stat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"rei^n</grk> + <grk>stato`s</grk> standing still.] <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>A contrivance for adjusting or regulating the strength of
electrical currents, operating usually by the intercalation of
resistance which can be varied at will.</def> <i>Wheatstone.</i> --
<wf>Rhe`o*stat"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rhe"o*tome</hw> (-t&omacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.]
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An instrument which periodically or otherwise
interrupts an electric current.</def>  <i>Wheatstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhe"o*trope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow + &?;&?;&?; to turn.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An
instrument for reversing the direction of an electric current.</def>
[Written also <i>reotrope</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Rhe"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Rhesus</i>, a
proper name, Gr. &?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A monkey; the
bhunder.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1237 !></p>

<p><hw>Rhe"ti*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Rhaetius</i>,
<i>Raetius</i>: cf. F. <i>rh&eacute;tien</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the
ancient Rh&aelig;ti, or Rh&aelig;tians, or to Rh&aelig;tia, their
country; as, the <i>Rhetian</i> Alps, now the country of Tyrol and the
Grisons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhe"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Rh&aelig;tic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhe"ti*zite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Rh&aelig;tizite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhe"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;.]
<def>A rhetorician.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhet"o*ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>rh&eacute;torique</i>, L. <i>rhetorica</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; (sc.
&?;&?;&?;), fr. &?;&?;&?; rhetorical, oratorical, fr. &?;&?;&?;
orator, rhetorician; perhaps akin to E. <i>word</i>; cf. &?;&?;&?; to
say.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of composition; especially,
elegant composition in prose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Oratory; the art of speaking with
propriety, elegance, and force.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, artificial eloquence; fine language
or declamation without conviction or earnest feeling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig. : The power of persuasion or
attraction; that which allures or charms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet, silent <i>rhetoric</i> of persuading
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhe*tor"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rhetoricus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;. See <u>Rhetoric</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to rhetoric; according to, or exhibiting, rhetoric;
oratorical; as, the <i>rhetorical</i> art; a <i>rhetorical</i>
treatise; a <i>rhetorical</i> flourish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They permit him to leave their poetical taste
ungratified, provided that he gratifies their <i>rhetorical</i>
sense.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Rhe*tor"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rhe*tor"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rhe*tor"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rhetoricari</i>. See <u>Rhetoric</u>.] <def>To play the
orator.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhe*tor`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rh&eacute;torication</i>.] <def>Rhetorical amplification.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhet`o*ri"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rh&eacute;toricien</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One well versed in
the rules and principles of rhetoric.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The understanding is that by which a man becomes a mere
logician and a mere <i>rhetorician</i>.</blockquote> <i>F. W.
Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A teacher of rhetoric.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ancient sophists and <i>rhetoricians</i>, which
ever had young auditors, lived till they were an hundred years
old.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An orator; specifically, an artificial
orator without genuine eloquence; a declaimer.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhet`o*ri"cian</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable to a
master of rhetoric.</def> "With <i>rhetorician</i> pride."
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhet"o*rize</hw> (r&ebreve;t"&osl;*r&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rhetorized</u> (-
r&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rhetorizing</u> (-
r&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] <def>To play the orator.</def>
<i>Colgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhet"o*rize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To represent by
a figure of rhetoric, or by personification.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Rhe"um</hw> (r&emacr;"&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
from L. <i>Rha</i> the river Volga, on the banks of which it grows.
See <u>Rhubarb</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants. See
<u>Rhubarb</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rheum</hw> (r&udd;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>reume</i>,
<i>rheume</i>, F. <i>rhume</i> a cold,, L. <i>rheuma</i> rheum, from
Gr. &?;&?;&?;, fr. <grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow, akin to E.
<i>stream</i>. See <u>Stream</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Hemorrhoids</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A serous or mucous discharge,
especially one from the eves or nose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a <i>rheum</i> in mine eyes too.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Salt rheum</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <u>Salt
rheum</u>, in the Vocab.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rheu*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
subject to a discharge or flux: cf. L. <i>rheumaticus</i>, F.
<i>rhumatique</i>. See <u>Rheum</u>, <u>Rheumatism</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Derived from, or having the character of,
rheum; rheumic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
rheumatism; as, <i>rheumatic</i> pains or affections; affected with
rheumatism; as, a <i>rheumatic</i> old man; causing rheumatism; as, a
<i>rheumatic</i> day.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>rheumatic</i> diseases do abound.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rheu*mat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One affected with
rheumatism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rheu"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rheumatismus</i> rheum, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, fr.&?;&?;&?; to have or
suffer from a flux, fr. &?;&?;&?; rheum: cf. F. <i>rheumatisme</i>.
See <u>2d Rheum</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A general disease
characterized by painful, often multiple, local inflammations, usually
affecting the joints and muscles, but also extending sometimes to the
deeper organs, as the heart.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inflammatory rheumatism</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>acute
rheumatism attended with fever, and attacking usually the larger
joints, which become swollen, hot, and very painful.</cd> --
<col><b>Rheumatism root</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Twinleaf</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rheu`ma*tis"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to rheumatism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rheu`ma*tis"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Rheumatism</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or resembling
rheum or rheumatism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rheum"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or characterized by, rheum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rheumic diathesis</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Dartrous
diathesis</i>, under <u>Dartrous</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Rheu"mi*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Rheum</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The class of skin disease developed
by the dartrous diathesis. See under <u>Dartrous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rheum"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
rheum; abounding in, or causing, rheum; affected with rheum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His head and <i>rheumy</i> eyes distill in
showers.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And tempt the <i>rheumy</i> and unpurged air<BR>
To add unto his sickness.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhig"o*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; cold
+ L. <i>oleum</i> oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A mixture of volatile
hydrocarbons intermediate between gsolene and cymogene. It is obtained
in the purification of crude petroleum, and is used as a
refregerant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rhyme</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rhi"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;,
the nose.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Og or pertaining to the nose or
olfactory organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhi*nas"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, nose + &?;&?;&?; star.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The borele.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ryne</i>. See
<u>Run</u>.] <def>A water course; a ditch.</def> [Written also
<i>rean</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhi`nen*ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the rhinencephalon.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhi`nen*ceph"a*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rhinencephala</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;,
&?;&?;&?;, the nose + &?;&?; the brain.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
division of the brain in front of the prosencephalon, consisting of
the two olfactory lobes from which the olfactory nerves
arise.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is sometimes used for one of the olfactory lobes,
the plural being used for the two taken together.</p>

<p><hw>Rhine"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>rheinkiesel</i> Rhine quartz.] <def>A colorless stone of high
luster, made of paste. It is much used as an inexpensive
ornament.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhi*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;. &?;&?;&?;, the nose + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Infllammation of the nose; esp., inflammation of the mucous
membrane of the nostrils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>Gold and silver, or money.</def> [Cant]  <i>W. Wagstaffe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As long as the <i>rhino</i> lasted.</blockquote>
<i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhi"no-</hw>. <def>A combining form from Greek &?;&?;,
&?;&?;&?;, <i>the nose</i>, as in <i>rhino</i>lith,
<i>rhino</i>logy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rhi`no*ce"ri*al</hw> (?), <hw>Rhi`no*cer"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
rhinoceros; resembling the rhinoceros, or his horn.</def>
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*noc"e*ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;; &?;&?;&?;. &?;&?;&?;, the nose + &?;&?;&?; a
horn: cf. F. <i>rhinoc&eacute;ros</i>. See <u>Horn</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any pachyderm belonging to the genera
<i>Rhinoceros</i>, <i>Atelodus</i>, and several allied genera of the
family <i>Rhinocerotid&aelig;</i>, of which several living, and many
extinct, species are known. They are large and powerful, and usually
have either one or two stout conical median horns on the
snout.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Indian, or white, and the Javan rhinoceroses
(<i>Rhinoceros Indicus</i> and <i>R. Sondaicus</i>) have incisor and
canine teeth, but only one horn, and the very thick skin forms
shieldlike folds. The two or three African species belong to
<i>Atelodus</i>, and have two horns, but lack the dermal folds, and
the incisor and canine teeth. The two Malay, or East Indian, two-
horned species belong to <i>Ceratohinus</i>, in which incisor and
canine teeth are present. See <u>Borele</u>, and <u>Keitloa</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Rhinoceros auk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an auk of
the North Pacific (<i>Cerorhina monocrata</i>) which has a deciduous
horn on top of the bill.</cd> -- <col><b>Rhinoceros beetle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very large beetle of the genus
<i>Dynastes</i>, having a horn on the head.</cd> -- <col><b>Rhinoceros
bird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large
hornbill (<i>Buceros rhinoceros</i>), native of the East Indies. It
has a large hollow hornlike process on the bill. Called also
<i>rhinoceros hornbill</i></cd>. See <u>Hornbill</u>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An African beefeater (<i>Buphaga
Africana</i>). It alights on the back of the rhinoceros in search of
parasitic insects.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*noc"e*rote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
rhinoceros.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*noc`e*rot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the rhinoceros.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Rhi"no*lite</hw> (?), <hw>Rhi"no*lith</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rhino-</i> + <i>-lite</i>, <i>-lith</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A concretion formed within the cavities of the
nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi`no*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to rhinology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled
in rhinology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rhino-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats of the nose, and its
diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*nol"o*phid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rhino-</i> +
Gr. &?;&?;&?; crest.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of the
genus <i>Rhinilophus</i>, or family <i>Rhinolophid&aelig;</i>, having
a horseshoe-shaped nasal crest; a horseshoe bat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*nol"o*phine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the rhinolophids, or
horseshoe bats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi"no*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rhino-</i> +
Gr. &?;&?;&?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the two
tentacle-like organs on the back of the head or neck of a nudibranch
or tectibranch mollusk. They are usually retractile, and often
transversely furrowed or plicate, and are regarded as olfactory
organs. Called also <i>dorsal tentacles</i>. See <i>Illust.</i>  under
<u>Pygobranchia</u>, and <u>Opisthobranchia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi`no*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Rhino-</i> +
<i>-plastic</i>: cf. F. <i>rhinoplastique</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to rhinoplasty; as, a <i>rhinoplastic</i>
operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi"no*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rhino-</i> +
<i>-plasty</i>: cf. F. <i>rhinoplastie</i>.] <def>Plastic surgery of
the nose to correct deformity or to replace lost tissue. Tissue may be
transplanted from the patient's cheek, forehead, arm, etc., or even
from another person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi"no*pome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rhino-</i> + Gr.
<grk>pw^ma</grk> a lid. ] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any old-world bat
of the genus <i>Rhinopoma</i>. The rhinopomes have a long tail
extending beyond the web, and inhabit caves and tombs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhi`no*scle*ro"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rhino-
</i> + <i>scleroma</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A rare disease of the
skin, characterized by the development of very hard, more or less
flattened, prominences, appearing first upon the nose and subsequently
upon the neighboring parts, esp. the lips, palate, and throat.</def>
<i>J. V. Shoemaker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhi"no*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rhino-</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <def>A small mirror for use in rhinoscopy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi`no*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to rhinoscopy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*nos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rhino-</i> +
<i>-scopy</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The examination or study of the
soft palate, posterior nares, etc., by means of a laryngoscopic mirror
introduced into the pharynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhi`no*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rhinothec&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., from gr. &?;&?;&?;,
&?;&?;&?;, the nose + &?;&?;&?; case.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
sheath of the upper mandible of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhi*pi`do*glos"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?; a fan + &?;&?;&?;&?; a tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of gastropod mollusks having a large number of long,
divergent, hooklike, lingual teeth in each transverse row. It includes
the scutibranchs. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*pip"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; a fan
+ &?;&?;&?; wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
<i>Rhipiptera</i>, a group of insects having wings which fold like a
fan; a strepsipter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*pip"ter*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Rhipipter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*zan"thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
root + &?;&?;&?; flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing flowers from a
rootstock, or apparently from a root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi"zine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; root.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A rootlike filament or hair growing from the stems
of mosses or on lichens; a rhizoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi`zo*car"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
root + &?;&?;&?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having perennial
rootstocks or bulbs, but annual flowering stems; -- said of all
perennial herbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhi`zo*ceph"a*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?; root + &?;&?;&?; head.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of Pectostraca including saclike parasites of Crustacea. They
adhere by rootlike extensions of the head. See <i>Illusration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhiz"o*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; root
+ &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, a tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A reptile
whose teeth are rooted in sockets, as the crocodile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhiz"o*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; root +
<i>-gen</i>: cf. F. <i>rhizog&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Prodicing roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhiz"o*gen</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of
a proposed class of flowering plants growning on the roots of other
plants and destitute of green foliage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi"zoid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; root +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A rootlike appendage.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhi*zo"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rhizomata</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>SAme as
<u>Rhizome</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*zo"ma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the nature or habit of a rhizome or rootstock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*zome"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; the
mass of roots (of a tree), a stem, race, fr. &?;&?;&?; to make to
root, pass., to take root, fr. &?;&?;&?; a root: cf. F.
<i>rhizome</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A rootstock. See
<u>Rootstock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhi*zoph"a*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of marsupials. The wombat is the
type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*zoph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;;
&?;&?;&?; a root + &?;&?;&?; to eat.] <def>Feeding on roots; root-
eating.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhi*zoph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Rhizophorous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees including
the mangrove. See <u>Mangrove</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*zoph"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; a
root + &?;&?;&?;&?; to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing
roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhiz"o*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Rhizopoda.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The rhizopods belonging to the Radiolaria and Foraminifera
have been of great geological importance, especially in the Cretaceous
and Tertiary periods. Chalk is mostly made from the shells of
Foraminifera. The nummulites are the principal ingredient of a
limestone which is of great extent in Europe and Asia, and is the
material of which some of the pyramids of Egypt are made. The shells
are abundant in deepsea mud, and are mostly minute, seldom larger than
a small grain of sand, except in the case of the nummulities, which
are sometimes an inch in diameter.</p>

<p><hw>||Rhi*zop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; a root + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
extensive class of Protozoa, including those which have pseudopodia,
by means of which they move about and take their food. The principal
groups are Lobosa (or Am&oelig;bea), Helizoa, Radiolaria, and
Foraminifera (or Reticularia). See <u>Protozoa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhi*zop"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the rhizopods.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhi`zo*stom"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?; a root + &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, a mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of Medus&aelig; which includes
very large species without marginal tentacles, but having large mouth
lobes closely united at the edges. See <i>Illust.</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhiz"o*stome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Rhizostomata.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1238 !></p>

<p><hw>||Rhi`zo*tax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; a root + &?;&?;&?; arrangement.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
arrangement of the roots of plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhob</hw> (r&obreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Rob</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho`dam*mo"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, rhodium and ammonia;
-- said of certain complex compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho"da*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of rhodanic acid; a sulphocyanate.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Rho*dan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; the
rose.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid
(commonly called <i>sulphocyanic acid</i>) which frms a red color with
ferric salts.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Rho`de*o*re"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
the rose + &?;&?;&?; resin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Convolvuln</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Rhodius</i>:
cf. F. <i>rhodien</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Rhodes, an island of
the Mediterranean.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Rhodes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to rhodium; containing rhodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"ro`don</grk> the rose. So called from the rose-red color of
certain of its solutions. See <u>Rhododendron</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A rare element of the light platinum group. It is found in
platinum ores, and obtained free as a white inert metal which it is
very difficult to fuse. Symbol Rh. Atomic weight 104.1.  Specific
gravity 12.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho`di*zon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; to
be rose-red.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a
colorless crystalline substance (called <i>rhodizonic acid</i>, and
<i>carboxylic acid</i>) obtained from potassium carboxide and from
certain quinones. It forms brilliant red, yellow, and purple
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho`do*chro"site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"ro`don</grk> the rose + &?;&?;&?; a coloring.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Manganese carbonate, a rose-red mineral sometimes occuring
crystallized, but generally massive with rhombohedral cleavage like
calcite; -- called also <i>dialogite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho*doc"ri*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"ro`don</grk> rose + &?;&?;&?; lily.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A
rose encrinite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho`do*den"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>"rodo`dendron</grk>, literally, rose tree; <grk>"ro`don</grk>
rose + <grk>de`ndron</grk> tree. See <u>Rose</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of shrubs or small trees, often having handsome evergreen
leaves, and remarkable for the beauty of their flowers;
rosebay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhod`o*mon*tade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rodomontade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhod`o*mon*tad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rodomontador</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho"don*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"ro`don</grk> the rose. ] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Manganese spar, or
silicate of manganese, a mineral occuring crystallised and in rose-red
masses. It is often used as an ornamental stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho"do*phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"ro`don</grk> the rose + &?;&?;&?; to show.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The red pigment contained in the inner segments of the cones of
the retina in animals. See <u>Chromophane</u>.</def>  <i>W.
K&Uuml;hne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rho*dop"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"ro`don</grk> rose + <grk>"w`ps</grk> eye.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The visual purple. See under <u>Visual</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho"do*sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"ro`don</grk> the rose + <grk>spe`rma</grk> a seed.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any seaweed with red spores.</def></p>

<p>&fist; As the name of a subclass, <i>Rhodosperms</i>, or
<i>Rhodosperme&aelig;</i>, is synonymous with <i>Floride&aelig;</i>
(which see.)</p>

<p><hw>Rhomb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rhombus</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?; rhomb, a spinning top, magic wheel, fr. &?;&?;&?; to turn or
whirl round, perhaps akin to E. <i>wrench</i>: cf. F. <i>rhombe</i>.
Cf. <u>Rhombus</u>, <u>Rhumb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>An equilateral parallelogram, or quadrilateral figure whose sides
are equal and the opposite sides parallel. The angles may be unequal,
two being obtuse and two acute, as in the cut, or the angles may be
equal, in which case it is usually called a <i>square</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A rhombohedron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fresnel's rhomb</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>a rhomb or
oblique parallelopiped of crown or St. Gobain glass so cut that a ray
of light entering one of its faces at right angles shall emerge at
right angles at the opposite face, after undergoing within the rhomb,
at other faces, two reflections. It is used to produce a ray
circularly polarized from a plane-polarized ray, or the reverse.</cd>
<i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhom"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Shaped like a rhomb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Orthorhombic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhom`bo*ga"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rhomb</i> +
<i>ganoid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A ganoid fish having rhombic
enameled scales; one of the Rhomboganoidei.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhom`bo*ga*noi"de*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Ginglymodi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhom"bo*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rhomb</i> +
root of Gr. &?;&?;&?; to be born.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A dicyemid
which produces infusorialike embryos; -- opposed to <i>nematogene</i>.
See <u>Dicyemata</u>.</def> [Written also <i>rhombogen</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Rhom`bo*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geom. &
Crystallog.)</i> <def>Related to the rhombohedron; presenting the form
of a rhombohedron, or a form derivable from a rhombohedron; relating
to a system of forms including the rhombohedron and
scalenohedron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rhombohedral iron ore</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Hematite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rhombohedral system</b></col>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i>, <cd>a division of the hexagonal system embracing
the rhombohedron, scalenohedron, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rhom`bo*hed"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geom. &
Crystallog.)</i> <def>Rhombohedral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhom`bo*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; rhomb + &?;&?;&?; seat, base.] <i>(Geom. &amp; Crystallog.)</i>
<def>A solid contained by six rhomboids; a parallelopiped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhom"boid</hw> (r&obreve;m"boid), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?; rhomboidal; &?;&?;&?; rhomb + <grk>e'i^dos</grk> shape: cf.
F. <i>rhombo&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>An oblique-angled
parallelogram like a rhomb, but having only the opposite sides equal,
the length and with being different.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhom"boid</hw> (r&obreve;m"boid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Rhomboidal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhom*boid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rhombo&iuml;dal</i>.] <def>Having, or approaching, the shape of a
rhomboid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhom*boid"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
rhomboid.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhom`boid-o"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Between
rhomboid and ovate, or oval, in shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhomb" spar`</hw> (?). <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of
dolomite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhom"bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Same as
<u>Rhomb</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhon`chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Rhonchial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhon"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a rhonchus; produced by rhonchi.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rhonchial fremitus</b></col>. [L. <i>fremitus</i> a dull
roaring or murmuring.] <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>A vibration of the chest wall
that may be felt by the hand laid upon its surface. It is caused in
the production of rhonchi in the bronchial tubes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rhon*chis"o*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rhonchus</i> a snoring + <i>sonans</i>, p. pr. of <i>sonare</i> to
sound.] <def>Making a snorting noise; snorting.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Rhon"chus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rhonchi</b></plw> (#). [L., a snoring, a croaking.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An adventitious whistling or snoring sound heard on
auscultation of the chest when the air channels are partially
obstructed. By some writers the term <i>rhonchus</i> is used as
equivalent to <i>r&acirc;le</i> in its widest sense. See
<u>R&acirc;le</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho*pal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
club-shaped; fr. &?;&?;&?; a club: cf. F. <i>rhopalique</i>.]
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Applied to a line or verse in which each
successive word has one more syllable than the preceding.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rho*pa"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rhopalia</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the marginal sensory bodies of medus&aelig; belonging to the
Discophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhop`a*loc"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?;&?;&?; a club + &?;&?;&?; ahorn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of Lepidoptera including all the butterflies. They differ
from other Lepidoptera in having club-shaped antenn&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rho"ta*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"rwtaki`zein</grk> to use the letter <i>r</i> (&rho;) overmuch:
cf. F. <i>rhotacisme</i>.] <def>An oversounding, or a misuse, of the
letter <i>r</i>; specifically <i>(Phylol.)</i>, the tendency,
exhibited in the Indo-European languages, to change <i>s</i> to
<i>r</i>, as <i>wese</i> to <i>were</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhu"barb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rhubarbe</i>,
OF. <i>rubarbe</i>, <i>rheubarbe</i>, <i>reubarbare</i>,
<i>reobarbe</i>, LL. <i>rheubarbarum</i> for <i>rheum barbarum</i>,
Gr. &?;&?;&?; (and &?;&?;) rhubarb, from the river <i>Rha</i> (the
Volga) on whose banks it grew. Originally, therefore, it was the
barbarian plant from the Rha.  Cf. <u>Barbarous</u>,
<u>Rhaponticine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The name
of several large perennial herbs of the genus <i>Rheum</i> and order
<i>Polygonace&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The large and fleshy leafstalks of <i>Rheum
Rhaponticum</i> and other species of the same genus. They are
pleasantly acid, and are used in cookery. Called also
<i>pieplant</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The root of several species
of <i>Rheum</i>, used much as a cathartic medicine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Monk's rhubarb</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Monk</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Turkey rhubarb</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>the roots of <i>Rheum Emodi</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rhu"barb*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like
rhubarb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhumb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rumb</i>, Sp.
<i>rumbo</i>, or Pg. <i>rumbo</i>, <i>rumo</i>, probably fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; a magic wheel, a whirling motion, hence applied to a point
of the compass. See <u>Rhomb</u>.] <i>(Navigation)</i> <def>A line
which crosses successive meridians at a constant angle; -- called also
<i>rhumb line</i>, and <i>loxodromic curve</i>. See
<u>Loxodromic</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sail on a rhumb</b></col>, <cd>to sail continuously on
one course, following a rhumb line.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Rhus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., sumac, fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs and small treets. See
<u>Sumac</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhus"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rusma</u>.]
<def>A mixtire of caustic lime and orpiment, or tersulphide of
arsenic, -- used in the depilation of hides.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhyme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ryme</i>,
<i>rime</i>, AS. <i>r&imacr;m</i> number; akin to OHG.
<i>r&imacr;m</i> number, succession, series, G. <i>reim</i> rhyme. The
modern sense is due to the influence of F. <i>rime</i>, which is of
German origin, and originally the same word.] [The Old English
spelling <i>rime</i> is becoming again common. See Note under
<u>Prime</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An expression of thought in
numbers, measure, or verse; a composition in verse; a rhymed tale;
poetry; harmony of language.</def> "Railing <i>rhymes</i>."
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>ryme</i> I learned long ago.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He knew<BR>
Himself to sing, and build the lofty <i>rime</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Correspondence of sound in
the terminating words or syllables of two or more verses, one
succeeding another immediately or at no great distance. The words or
syllables so used must not begin with the same consonant, or if one
begins with a vowel the other must begin with a consonant. The vowel
sounds and accents must be the same, as also the sounds of the final
consonants if there be any.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>rhyme</i> with reason may dispense,<BR>
And sound has right to govern sense.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Verses, usually two, having this
correspondence with each other; a couplet; a poem containing
rhymes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A word answering in sound to another
word.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Female rhyme</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Female</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Male rhyme</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Male</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rhyme or reason</b></col>, <cd>sound or sense.</cd> --
<col><b>Rhyme royal</b></col> <i>(Pros.)</i>, <cd>a stanza of seven
decasyllabic verses, of which the first and third, the second, fourth,
and fifth, and the sixth and seventh rhyme.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rhyme</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rhymed</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rhyming</u>.] [OE. <i>rimen</i>, <i>rymen</i>, AS.
<i>r&imacr;man</i> to count: cf. F. <i>rimer</i> to rhyme. See
<u>Rhyme</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
rhymes, or verses.</def> "Thou shalt no longer <i>ryme</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There marched the bard and blockhead, side by side,<BR>
Who <i>rhymed</i> for hire, and patronized for pride.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To accord in rhyme or sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And, if they <i>rhymed</i> and rattled, all was
well.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhyme</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
put into rhyme.</def>  <i>Sir T. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To influence by rhyme.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hearken to a verser, who may chance<BR>
<i>Rhyme</i> thee to good.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhyme"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
rhyme.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhym"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
rhymes; a versifier; -- generally in contempt; a poor poet; a
poetaster.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This would make them soon perceive what despicaple
creatures our common <i>rhymers</i> and playwriters be.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhym"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or habit
of making rhymes; rhyming; -- in contempt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhyme"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rhymer; a
maker of poor poetry.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall. Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhym"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
rhyme.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhym"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rhymer; a
rhymester.</def>  <i>Johnston.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Rhyn`chob*del"le*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>"ry`gchos</grk> snout + &?;&?;&?; a leech.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of leeches including those that
have a protractile proboscis, without jaws. Clepsine is the
type.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhyn`cho*ceph"a*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>"ry`gchos</grk> snout + <grk>kefalh`</grk> head.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of reptiles having biconcave
vertebr&aelig;, immovable quadrate bones, and many other peculiar
osteological characters. Hatteria is the only living genus, but
numerous fossil genera are known, some of which are among the earliest
of reptiles. See <u>Hatteria</u>. Called also
<i>Rhynchocephalia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhyn`cho*c&oelig;"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>"ry`gchos</grk> snout + <grk>koi`los</grk> hollow.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Nemertina</u>.</def> --
<wf>Rhyn`cho*c&oelig;"lous</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rhyn"cho*lite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"ry`gchos</grk> snout, beak + <i>-lie</i>: cf. F.
<i>rhyncholithe</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil cephalopod
beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhyn`cho*nel"la</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>"ry`gchos</grk> snout.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
brachiopods of which some species are still living, while many are
found fossil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhyn*choph"o*ra</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>"ry`gchos</grk> snout + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to carry.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of Coleoptera having a snoutlike
head; the snout beetles, curculios, or weevils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhyn"cho*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Rhynchophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhyn*cho"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"ry`gchos</grk> snout.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hemiptera</u>.</def> [Written also <i>Rhyncota</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Rhy"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow + <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
quartzose trachyte, an igneous rock often showing a fluidal
structure.</def> -- <wf>Rhy`o*lit"ic</wf>, (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rhy`pa*rog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; painting foul or mean objects; <grk>"ryparo`s</grk>
filthy, dirty + <grk>gra`fein</grk> to write, paint.] <def>In ancient
art, the painting of genre or still-life pictures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhy*sim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
flow + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument, acting on the principle of
Pitot's tube, for measuring the velocity of a fluid current, the speed
of a ship, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhythm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rhythme</i>,
<i>rythme</i>, L.  <i>rhythmus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?; measured motion,
measure, proportion, fr. <grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow. See
<u>Stream</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the widest sense, a
dividing into short portions by a regular succession of motions,
impulses, sounds, accents, etc., producing an agreeable effect, as in
music poetry, the dance, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Movement in musical time,
with periodical recurrence of accent; the measured beat or pulse which
marks the character and expression of the music; symmetry of movement
and accent.</def>  <i>Moore (Encyc.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A division of lines into short portions by
a regular succession of <i>arses</i> and <i>theses</i>, or percussions
and remissions of voice on words or syllables.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The harmonious flow of vocal
sounds.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1239 !></p>

<p><hw>Rhyth"mer</hw> (r&ibreve;th"m&etilde;r <i>or</i>
r&ibreve;&thlig;"-), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who writes in
rhythm, esp. in poetic rhythm or meter.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One now scarce counted a <i>rhythmer</i>, formerly
admitted for a poet.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rhyth"mic</hw> (-m&ibreve;k), <hw>Rhyth"mic*al</hw> (-
m&ibreve;*k<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;: cf.
L. <i>rhythmicus</i>, F. <i>rhythmique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or of
the nature of, rhythm</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Day and night<BR>
I worked my <i>rhythmic</i> thought.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rhythmical accent</b></col>. <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Accent</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6 <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rhyth"mic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
rhythmical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhyth"mics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The department
of musical science which treats of the length of sounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rhyth"ming</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Writing rhythm;
verse making.</def> "The <i>rhythming</i> monk."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhythm"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
rhythm.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhyth*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rhythm</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for marking time in musical
movements. See <u>Metronome</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhyth"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Rhythm.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rhyt"i*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Rytina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri"al</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Spanish coin. See
<u>Real</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ri*al"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Royal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Royal</u>.]
<def>A gold coin formerly current in England, of the value of ten
shillings sterling in the reign of Henry VI., and of fifteen shillings
in the reign of Elizabeth.</def> [Spelt also <i>ryal</i>.]  <i>Brande
& C.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ri`ant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>riant</i>, p.
pr. of <i>rire</i> to laugh, L. <i>ridere</i>.] <def>Laughing;
laughable; exciting gayety; gay; merry; delightful to the view, as a
landscape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In such cases the sublimity must be drawn from the
other sources, with a strict caution, howewer, against anything light
and <i>riant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>rib</i>,
<i>ribb</i>; akin to D. <i>rib</i>, G. <i>rippe</i>, OHG.
<i>rippa</i>, <i>rippi</i>, Dan. <i>ribbe</i>, Icel. <i>rif</i>, Russ.
<i>rebro</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the
curved bones attached to the vertebral column and supporting the
lateral walls of the thorax.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In man there are twelve ribs on each side, of which the
upper seven are directly connected with the sternum by cartilages, and
are called <i>sternal</i>, or <i>true</i>, <i>ribs</i>. The remaining
five pairs are called <i>asternal</i>, or <i>false</i>, <i>ribs</i>,
and of these each of the three upper pairs is attached to the
cartilage of the rib above, while the two lower pairs are free at the
ventral ends, and are called <i>floating ribs</i>. See
<u>Thorax</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles a rib in form or
use.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<def>One of the timbers, or bars of iron or steel, that branch outward
and upward from the keel, to support the skin or planking, and give
shape and strength to the vessel.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.
& Structures)</i> <def>A ridge, fin, or wing, as on a plate, cylinder,
beam, etc., to strengthen or stiffen it.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>One of the rods on which the cover of an umbrella is
extended.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A prominent line or ridge, as
in cloth.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A longitudinal strip of metal
uniting the barrels of a double-barreled gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The chief nerve, or one of
the chief nerves, of a leaf.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
longitudinal ridge in a plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In
Gothic vaulting, one of the primary members of the vault. These are
strong arches, meeting and crossing one another, dividing the whole
space into triangles, which are then filled by vaulted construction of
lighter material. Hence, an imitation of one of these in wood,
plaster, or the like.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A projecting
mold, or group of moldings, forming with others a pattern, as on a
ceiling, ornamental door, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Solid
coal on the side of a gallery; solid ore in a vein.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An elongated pillar of ore or coal left as a
support.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A wife; -- in allusion to Eve, as made out
of Adam's rib.</def> [Familiar &amp; Sportive]</p>

<p><blockquote>How many have we known whose heads have been broken
with their own <i>rib</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chuck rib</b></col>, <cd>a cut of beef immediately in front
of the middle rib. See <u>Chuck</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fore
ribs</b></col>, <cd>a cut of beef immediately in front of the
sirloin.</cd> -- <col><b>Middle rib</b></col>, <cd>a cut of beef
between the chuck rib and the fore ribs.</cd> -- <col><b>Rib
grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Ribwort</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rib</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ribbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ribbing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with ribs; to form
with rising lines and channels; as, to <i>rib</i> cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inclose, as with ribs, and protect; to
shut in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [lead] were too gross<BR>
To <i>rib</i> her cerecloth in the obscure grave.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To rib land</b></col>, <cd>to leave strips of undisturbed
ground between the furrows in plowing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rib"ald</hw> (?), <pos><i>n./</i></pos> [OE. <i>ribald</i>,
<i>ribaud</i>, F. <i>ribaud</i>, OF. <i>ribald</i>, <i>ribault</i>,
LL. <i>ribaldus</i>, of German origin; cf. OHG <i>hr&imacr;pa</i>
prostitute. For the ending <i>-ald</i> cf. E. <u>Herald</u>.] <def>A
low, vulgar, brutal, foul-mouthed wretch; a lewd fellow.</def>
<i>Spenser. Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ribald</i> was almost a class name in the feudal
system . . . He was his patron's parasite, bulldog, and tool . . . It
is not to be wondered at that the word rapidly became a synonym for
everything ruffianly and brutal.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"ald</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Low; base; mean;
filthy; obscene.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The busy day,<BR>
Waked by the lark, hath roused the <i>ribald</i> crows.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"ald*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
ribald.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"ald*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a ribald
quality.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rib"ald*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>ribaldrie</i>, <i>ribaudrie</i>, OF. <i>ribalderie</i>,
<i>ribauderie</i>.] <def>The talk of a ribald; low, vulgar language;
indecency; obscenity; lewdness; -- now chiefly applied to indecent
language, but formerly, as by Chaucer, also to indecent acts or
conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ribaldry</i> of his conversation moved
&?;stonishment even in that age.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ribbon</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"and</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ribbon</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Riband jasper</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of
jasper having stripes of different colors, as red and green.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rib"and</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Rib-band</u>.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"and*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ribboned.</def>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"aud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ribald.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ri*bau"de*quin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An engine of war used in the Middle Ages,
consisting of a protected elevated staging on wheels, and armed in
front with pikes. It was (after the 14th century) furnished with small
cannon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A huge bow fixed on the wall of a fortified
town for casting javelins.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rib"aud*red</hw> (?), <hw>Rib"aud*rous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Filthy; obscene; ribald.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rib"aud*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ribaldry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"aud*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ribaldry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"auld</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ribald.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"band</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ribbon.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"band`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rib</i> +
<i>band</i>.] [Written also <i>riband</i>, and <i>ribbon</i>.]
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A long, narrow strip of timber bent and
bolted longitudinally to the ribs of a vessel, to hold them in
position, and give rigidity to the framework.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rib-band lines</b></col>, <cd>oblique longitudinal sections
of the hull of a vessel.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ribbed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished or formed with ribs; as, a <i>ribbed</i> cylinder;
<i>ribbed</i> cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Intercalated with slate; --
said of a seam of coal.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assemblage or
arrangement of ribs, as the timberwork for the support of an arch or
coved ceiling, the veins in the leaves of some plants, ridges in the
fabric of cloth, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rib"bon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>riban</i>, OF.
<i>riban</i>, F. <i>ruban</i>, probably of German origin; cf. D.
<i>ringband</i> collar, necklace, E. <i>ring</i> circle, and
<i>band</i>.] [Written also <i>riband</i>, <i>ribband</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fillet or narrow woven fabric, commonly of
silk, used for trimming some part of a woman's attire, for badges, and
other decorative purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow strip or shred; as, a steel or
magnesium <i>ribbon</i>; sails torn to <i>ribbons</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>Same as <u>Rib-
band</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Driving reins.</def> [Cant]
<i>London Athen&aelig;um.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A bearing similar to the
bend, but only one eighth as wide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Spinning)</i> <def>A silver.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>The blue ribbon</i>, and <i>The red ribbon</i>, are
phrases often used to designate the British orders of the Garter and
of the Bath, respectively, the badges of which are suspended by
ribbons of these colors. See <i>Blue ribbon</i>, under
<u>Blue</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Ribbon fish</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any elongated, compressed, ribbon-shaped
marine fish of the family <i>Trachypterid&aelig;</i>, especially the
species of the genus <i>Trachypterus</i>, and the oarfish
(<i>Regelecus Banksii</i>) of the North Atlantic, which is sometimes
over twenty feet long</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The hairtail, or
bladefish</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A small compressed marine fish
of the genus <i>Cepola</i>, having a long, slender, tapering tail. The
European species (<i>C. rubescens</i>) is light red throughout. Called
also <i>band fish</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ribbon grass</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a variety of reed canary grass having the leaves
stripped with green and white; -- called also <i>Lady's garters</i>.
See <i>Reed grass</i>, under <u>Reed</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ribbon
seal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a North Pacific seal
(<i>Histriophoca fasciata</i>). The adult male is dark brown,
conspicuously banded and striped with yellowish white.</cd> --
<col><b>Ribbon snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common North
American snake (<i>Eutainia saurita</i>). It is conspicuously striped
with bright yellow and dark brown.</cd> -- <col><b>Ribbon
Society</b></col>, <cd>a society in Ireland, founded in the early part
of the 19th century in antagonism to the Orangemen. It afterwards
became an organization of tennant farmers banded together to prevent
eviction by landlords. It took its name from the green ribbon worn by
members as a badge.</cd> -- <col><b>Ribborn worm</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A tapeworm</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A nemertean.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rib"bon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ribboned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ribboning</u>.] <def>To adorn with, or as with, ribbons; to mark
with stripes resembling ribbons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rib"bon*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The principles
and practices of the Ribbonmen.  See <i>Ribbon Society</i>, under
<u>Ribbon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rib"bon*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-men</b></plw>. <def>A member of the Ribbon Society. See
<i>Ribbon Society</i>, under <u>Ribbon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rib"bon*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A malvaceous tree (<i>Hoheria populnea</i>) of New Zealand, the
bark of which is used for cordage.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ri"bes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL.; cf. Dan.
<i>ribs</i>, and Ar. <i>r&imacr;b&amacr;s</i> a plant with an acid
juice.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs including gooseberries
and currants of many kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rib"ibe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rebec</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of stringed instrument; a rebec.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old woman; -- in contempt.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bawd; a prostitute.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ribibe</u>.]
<def>A small threestringed viol; a rebec.</def>  <i>Moore (Encyc. of
Music).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All can be play on gittern or
<i>ribible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rib"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
ribs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rib"roast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To beat
soundly.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Rib"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
species of plantain (<i>Plantago lanceolata</i>) with long, narrow,
ribbed leaves; -- called also <i>rib grass</i>, <i>ripple grass</i>,
<i>ribwort plantain</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ric</hw> (?). [AS <i>r&imacr;ce</i> kingdom, dominion. See
<u>Rich</u>.] <def>A suffix signifying <i>dominion</i>,
<i>jurisdiction</i>; as, bishop<i>ric</i>, the district over which a
bishop exercises authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>riz</i> (cf. Pr.
<i>ris</i>, It. <i>riso</i>), L. <i>oryza</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;,
&?;&?;&?;, probably from the Persian; cf. OPers. <i>br&imacr;zi</i>,
akin to Skr. <i>vr&imacr;hi</i>; or perh. akin to E. <i>rye</i>.  Cf.
<u>Rye</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A well-known cereal grass (<i>Oryza
sativa</i>) and its seed.  This plant is extensively cultivated in
warm climates, and the grain forms a large portion of the food of the
inhabitants. In America it grows chiefly on low, moist land, which can
be overflowed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ant rice</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Ant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>French rice</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Amelcorn</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian rice</b></col>., <cd>a
tall reedlike water grass (<i>Zizania aquatica</i>), bearing panicles
of a long, slender grain, much used for food by North American
Indians. It is common in shallow water in the Northern States. Called
also <i>water oat</i>, <i>Canadian wild rice</i>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Mountain rice</b></col>, <cd>any species of an American genus
(<i>Oryzopsis</i>) of grasses, somewhat resembling rice.</cd> --
<col><b>Rice bunting</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Ricebird</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rice hen</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Florida gallinule.</cd> -- <col><b>Rice
mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large dark-colored field
mouse (<i>Calomys palistris</i>) of the Southern United States.</cd> -
- <col><b>Rice paper</b></col>, <cd>a kind of thin, delicate paper,
brought from China, -- used for painting upon, and for the manufacture
of fancy articles. It is made by cutting the pith of a large herb
(<i>Fatsia papyrifera</i>, related to the ginseng) into one roll or
sheet, which is flattened out under pressure. Called also <i>pith
paper</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rice troupial</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the bobolink.</cd> -- <col><b>Rice
water</b></col>, <cd>a drink for invalids made by boiling a small
quantity of rice in water.</cd> -- <col><b>Rice-water
discharge</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a liquid, resembling rice water
in appearance, which is vomited, and discharged from the bowels, in
cholera.</cd> -- <col><b>Rice weevil</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a small beetle (<i>Calandra, or Sitophilus, oryz&aelig;</i>) which
destroys rice, wheat, and Indian corn by eating out the interior; --
called also <i>black weevil</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rice"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The Java sparrow.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The bobolink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rice"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of small white polished marine shells
of the genus <i>Olivella</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rich</hw>, (r&ibreve;ch), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Richer</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Richest</u>.] [OE. <i>riche</i>, AS.
<i>r&imacr;ce</i> rich, powerful; akin to OS. <i>r&imacr;ki</i>, D.
<i>rijk</i>, G. <i>reich</i>, OHG. <i>r&imacr;hhi</i>, Icel.
<i>r&imacr;kr</i>, Sw. <i>rik</i>, Dan. <i>rig</i>, Goth.
<i>reiks</i>; from a word meaning, ruler, king, probably borrowed from
Celtic, and akin to L. <i>rex</i>, <i>regis</i>, king, <i>regere</i>
to guide, rule. &radic;283.  See <u>Right</u>, and cf. <u>Derrick</u>,
<u>Enrich</u>, <u>Rajah</u>, <u>Riches</u>, <u>Royal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having an abundance of material possessions;
possessed of a large amount of property; well supplied with land,
goods, or money; wealthy; opulent; affluent; -- opposed to
<i>poor</i>.</def> "<i>Rich</i> merchants."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rich</i> [person] hath many
friends.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xiv. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As a thief, bent to unhoard the cash<BR>
Of some <i>rich</i> burgher.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, in general, well supplied;
abounding; abundant; copious; bountiful; as, a <i>rich</i> treasury; a
<i>rich</i> entertainment; a <i>rich</i> crop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If life be short, it shall be glorious;<BR>
Each minute shall be <i>rich</i> in some great action.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gorgeous East with <i>richest</i> hand<BR>
Showers on her kings barbaric pearl and gold.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Yielding large returns; productive or
fertile; fruitful; as, <i>rich</i> soil or land; a <i>rich</i>
mine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Composed of valuable or costly materials or
ingredients; procured at great outlay; highly valued; precious;
sumptuous; costly; as, a <i>rich</i> dress; <i>rich</i> silk or fur;
<i>rich</i> presents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like to <i>rich</i> and various gems.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in agreeable or nutritive
qualities; -- especially applied to articles of food or drink which
are high-seasoned or abound in oleaginous ingredients, or are sweet,
luscious, and high-flavored; as, a <i>rich</i> dish; <i>rich</i> cream
or soup; <i>rich</i> pastry; <i>rich</i> wine or fruit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sauces and <i>rich</i> spices are fetched from
India.</blockquote> <i>Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not faint or delicate; vivid; as, a
<i>rich</i> color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Full of sweet and harmonius sounds; as, a
<i>rich</i> voice; <i>rich</i> music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in beauty; gorgeous; as, a
<i>rich</i> landscape; <i>rich</i> scenery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in humor; exciting amusement;
entertaining; as, the scene was a <i>rich</i> one; a <i>rich</i>
incident or character.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Rich</i> is sometimes used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>rich</i>-fleeced, <i>rich</i>-jeweled,
<i>rich</i>-laden, <i>rich</i>-stained.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wealthy; affluent; opulent; ample; copious;
abundant; plentiful; fruitful; costly; sumptuous; precious; generous;
luscious.</p>

<p><hw>Rich</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enrich.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rich"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>richesse</i>, F. <i>richesse</i>, from <i>riche</i> rich, of German
origin. See <u>Rich</u>,<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which makes one rich; an abundance of land, goods, money, or
other property; wealth; opulence; affluence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Riches</i> do not consist in having more gold and
silver, but in having more in proportion, than our
neighbors.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which appears rich, sumptuous,
precious, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>riche</i> of heaven's pavement, trodden
gold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Richesse</i>, the older form of this word, was in the
singular number. The form <i>riches</i>, however, is plural in
appearance, and has now come to be used as a plural.</p>

<p><blockquote>Against the <i>richesses</i> of this world shall they
have misease of poverty.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In one hour so great <i>riches</i> is come to
nought.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xviii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And for that <i>riches</i> where is my
deserving?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wealth; opulence; affluence; wealthiness; richness;
plenty; abundance.</p>

<p><! p. 1240 !></p>

<p><hw>Rich"esse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Riches</u>.] <def>Wealth; riches. See the Note under
<u>Riches</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some man desireth for to have
<i>richesse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>richesse</i> of all heavenly grace.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rich"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rich
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rich"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being rich (in any sense of the adjective).</def></p>

<p><hw>Rich"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
herb (<i>Pilea pumila</i>) of the Nettle family, having a smooth,
juicy, pellucid stem; -- called also <i>clearweed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ric`in*e`la*id"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Ricin</i>oleic + <i>elaidic</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an isomeric modification of ricinoleic acid obtained as a
white crystalline solid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ric`in*e*la"i*din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The glycerin salt of ricinelaidic acid, obtained as a white
crystalline waxy substance by treating castor oil with nitrous
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri*cin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ricinus</i>
castor-oil plant.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from,
castor oil; formerly, designating an acid now called <i>ricinoleic</i>
<i>acid.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Ric"i*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ricinus</i>
castor-oil plant.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter white crystalline
alkaloid extracted from the seeds of the castor-oil plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ric`in*o"le*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of ricinoleic acid; -- formerly called
<i>palmate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ric`in*o"le*ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, a fatty acid analogous to oleic
acid, obtained from castor oil as an oily substance, C&?;H&?;O&?; with
a harsh taste. Formerly written <i>ricinolic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ric`in*o"le*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ricinus</i> castor-oil plant + <i>oleum</i> oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The glycerin salt of ricinoleic acid, occuring as a
characteristic constituent of castor oil; -- formerly called
<i>palmin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ric`i*nol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Ricinoleic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ric"i*nus</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the castor-
oil plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants of the Spurge family,
containing but one species (<i>R. communis</i>), the castor-oil plant.
The fruit is three-celled, and contains three large seeds from which
castor oil iss expressed. See <u>Palma Christi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>reek</i>,
<i>rek</i>, AS. <i>hre&aacute;c</i> a heap; akin to <i>hryce</i> rick,
Icel. hraukr.] <def>A stack or pile, as of grain, straw, or hay, in
the open air, usually protected from wet with thatching.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Golden clusters of beehive <i>ricks</i>, rising at
intervals beyond the hedgerows.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To heap up in ricks, as
hay, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stout pole for
use in making a rick, or for a spar to a boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rick"et*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rickety.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rick"ets</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Of uncertain
origin; but cf. AS. <i>wrigian</i> to bend, D. <i>wrikken</i> to
shake, E.  <i>wriggle</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease which affects
children, and which is characterized by a bulky head, crooked spine
and limbs, depressed ribs, enlarged and spongy articular epiphyses,
tumid abdomen, and short stature, together with clear and often
premature mental faculties. The essential cause of the disease appears
to be the nondeposition of earthy salts in the osteoid tissues.
Children afflicted with this malady stand and walk unsteadily. Called
also <i>rachitis</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Rick"et*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Affected with rickets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Feeble in the joints; imperfect; weak;
shaky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rick"rack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
openwork edging made of serpentine braid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rick"stand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flooring or
framework on which a rick is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ric`o*chet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A rebound
or skipping, as of a ball along the ground when a gun is fired at a
low angle of elevation, or of a fiat stone thrown along the surface of
water.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ricochet firing</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the firing of
guns or howitzers, usually with small charges, at an elevation of only
a few degrees, so as to cause the balls or shells to bound or skip
along the ground.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ric`o*chet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ricochetted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ricochetting</u>.] <def>To operate upon by ricochet firing. See
<u>Ricochet</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ric`o*chet"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To skip with a
rebound or rebounds, as a flat stone on the surface of water, or a
cannon ball on the ground. See <u>Ricochet</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ric"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the rictus; as, <i>rictal</i>
bristles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ric"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ringi</i>,
<i>rictus</i>, to open wide the mouth, to gape.] <def>A gaping.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ric"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the aperture of
the mouth.] <def>The gape of the mouth, as of birds; -- often
resricted to the corners of the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rid</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Ride</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>rid</i> to the end of the village, where he
alighted.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rid</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rid</u> or <u>Ridded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ridding</u>.] [OE. <i>ridden</i>, <i>redden</i>, AS.
<i>hreddan</i> to deliver, liberate; akin to D. &amp; LG. <i>redden</i>,
G. <i>retten</i>, Dan. <i>redde</i>, Sw. <i>r&auml;dda</i>, and
perhaps to Skr. <i>&?;rath</i> to loosen.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
save; to rescue; to deliver; -- with <i>out of</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Deliver the poor and needy; <i>rid</i> them out of the
hand of the wicked.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxxii. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To free; to clear; to disencumber; --
followed by <i>of</i>.</def> "<i>Rid</i> all the sea of pirates."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In never <i>ridded</i> myself of an overmastering and
brooding sense of some great calamity traveling toward
me.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To drive away; to remove by effort or
violence; to make away with; to destroy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>red</i> evil beasts out of the
land.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xxvi. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Death's men, you have <i>rid</i> this sweet young
prince!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To get over; to dispose of; to dispatch; to
finish.</def> [R.] "Willingness <i>rids</i> way."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mirth will make us <i>rid</i> ground faster than if
thieves were at our tails.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be rid of</b></col>, <cd>to be free or delivered
from.</cd> -- <col><b>To get rid of</b></col>, <cd>to get deliverance
from; to free one's self from.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rid"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable for
riding; as, a <i>ridable</i> horse; a <i>ridable</i> road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rid"dance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of ridding or freeing; deliverance; a cleaning up or
out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not make clean <i>riddance</i> of the
corners of thy field.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xxiii. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being rid or free; freedom;
escape.</def> "<i>Riddance</i> from all adversity."
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rid"den</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Ride.</u></def></p>

<p><hw>Rid"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, rids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rid"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ridil</i>, AS.
<i>hridder</i>; akin to G. <i>reiter</i>, L. <i>cribrum</i>, and to
Gr. &?;&?;&?; to distinguish, separate, and G. <i>rein</i> clean. See
<u>Crisis</u>, <u>Certain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sieve with
coarse meshes, usually of wire, for separating coarser materials from
finer, as chaff from grain, cinders from ashes, or gravel from
sand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A board having a row of pins, set zigzag,
between which wire is drawn to straighten it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rid"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Riddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Riddling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate, as grain
from the chaff, with a riddle; to pass through a riddle; as,
<i>riddle</i> wheat; to <i>riddle</i> coal or gravel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perforate so as to make like a riddle;
to make many holes in; as, a house <i>riddled</i> with shot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rid"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>riddels</i>,
<i>s</i> being misunderstood as the plural ending; OE. <i>ridels</i>,
<i>redels</i>. AS. r&?;dels; akin to D. <i>raadsel</i>, G.
<i>r&auml;thsel</i>; fr. AS. <i>r&?;dan</i> to counsel or advise,
also, to guess. &radic;116.  Cf. <u>Read</u>.] <def>Something proposed
to be solved by guessing or conjecture; a puzzling question; an
ambiguous proposition; an enigma; hence, anything ambiguous or
puzzling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To wring from me, and tell to them, my secret,<BR>
That solved the <i>riddle</i> which I had proposed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T was a strange <i>riddle</i> of a lady.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rid"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To explain; to
solve; to unriddle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Riddle</i> me this, and guess him if you
can.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rid"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To speak ambiguously
or enigmatically.</def> "Lysander <i>riddels</i> very prettily."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rid"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who riddles
(grain, sand, etc.).</def></p>

<p><hw>Rid"dler</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who speaks in, or
propounds, riddles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rid"dling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speaking in a
riddle or riddles; containing a riddle.</def> "<i>Riddling</i>
triplets."  <i>Tennyson.</i> -- <wf>Rid"dling</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ride</hw> (r&imacr;d), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Rode</u> (r&omacr;d) (<u>Rid</u>
[r&ibreve;d], archaic); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ridden</u> (&?;)
(<u>Rid</u>, archaic); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Riding</u>
(&?;).] [AS. <i>r&imacr;dan</i>; akin to LG. <i>riden</i>, D.
<i>rijden</i>, G. <i>reiten</i>, OHG. <i>r&imacr;tan</i>, Icel.
<i>r&imacr;&eth;a</i>, Sw. <i>rida</i>, Dan. <i>ride</i>; cf. L.
<i>raeda</i> a carriage, which is from a Celtic word.  Cf.
<u>Road</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be carried on the back of an
animal, as a horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To-morrow, when ye <i>riden</i> by the
way.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let your master <i>ride</i> on before, and do you
gallop after him.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be borne in a carriage; as, to
<i>ride</i> in a coach, in a car, and the like. See Synonym,
below.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The richest inhabitants exhibited their wealth, not by
<i>riding</i> in gilden carriages, but by walking the streets with
trains of servants.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be borne or in a fluid; to float; to
lie.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men once walked where ships at anchor
<i>ride</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be supported in motion; to
rest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strong as the exletree<BR>
On which heaven <i>rides</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On whose foolish honesty<BR>
My practices <i>ride</i> easy!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To manage a horse, as an
equestrian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>rode</i>, he fenced, he moved with graceful
ease.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To support a rider, as a horse; to move
under the saddle; as, a horse <i>rides</i> easy or hard, slow or
fast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To ride easy</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to lie at anchor
without violent pitching or straining at the cables.</cd> --
<col><b>To ride hard</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to pitch
violently.</cd> -- <col><b>To ride out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To go upon a military expedition.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To ride in the open air.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To ride to hounds</b></col>, <cd>to ride behind, and near to,
the hounds in hunting.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Drive.  -- <u>Ride</u>, <u>Drive</u>. <i>Ride</i>
originally meant (and is so used throughout the English Bible) to be
carried on horseback or in a vehicle of any kind. At present in
England, <i>drive</i> is the word applied in most cases to progress in
a carriage; as, a <i>drive</i> around the park, etc.; while
<i>ride</i> is appropriated to progress on a horse. Johnson seems to
sanction this distinction by giving "to <i>travel</i> on horseback" as
the leading sense of <i>ride</i>; though he adds "to <i>travel</i> in
a vehicle" as a secondary sense. This latter use of the word still
occurs to some extent; as, the queen <i>rides</i> to Parliament in her
coach of state; to <i>ride</i> in an omnibus.</p>

<p><blockquote>"Will you <i>ride</i> over or <i>drive</i>?" said Lord
Willowby to his quest, after breakfast that morning.</blockquote>
<i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ride</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
sit on, so as to be carried; as, to <i>ride</i> a horse; to
<i>ride</i> a bicycle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] rend up both rocks and hills, and <i>ride</i>
the air<BR>
In whirlwind.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To manage insolently at will; to domineer
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nobility could no longer endure to be <i>ridden</i>
by bakers, cobblers, and brewers.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To convey, as by riding; to make or do by
riding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tue only men that safe can <i>ride</i><BR>
Mine errands on the Scottish side.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>To overlap (each other); --
said of bones or fractured fragments.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To ride a hobby</b></col>, <cd>to have some favorite
occupation or subject of talk.</cd> -- <col><b>To ride and
tie</b></col>, <cd>to take turn with another in labor and rest; --
from the expedient adopted by two persons with one horse, one of whom
<i>rides</i> the animal a certain distance, and then <i>ties</i> him
for the use of the other, who is coming up on foot.</cd>
<i>Fielding.</i> -- <col><b>To ride down</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To ride over; to trample down in riding; to
overthrow by riding against; as, <i>to ride down</i> an enemy</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To bear down, as on a halyard
when hoisting a sail.</cd> -- <col><b>To ride out</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to keep safe afloat during (a storm) while riding
at anchor or when hove to on the open sea; as, <i>to ride out</i> the
gale.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Ride</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of riding; an excursion on horseback or in a vehicle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A saddle horse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A road or avenue cut in a wood, or through
grounds, to be used as a place for riding; a riding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri*deau"</hw> (r&esl;*d&omacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A small mound of earth; ground slightly elevated; a small
ridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rid"en</hw> (r&imacr;d"'n), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. pl. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Ride</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"dent</hw> (r&imacr;"d<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ridens</i>, p. pr. of <i>ridere</i> to laugh.] <def>Laughing.</def>
[R.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rid"er</hw> (r&imacr;d"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, rides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, an agent who went out with
samples of goods to obtain orders; a commercial traveler.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who breaks or manages a horse.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An addition or amendment to a manuscript or
other document, which is attached on a separate piece of paper; in
legislative practice, an additional clause annexed to a bill while in
course of passage; something extra or burdensome that is
imposed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After the third reading, a foolish man stood up to
propose a <i>rider</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This [question] was a <i>rider</i> which Mab found
difficult to answer.</blockquote> <i>A. S. Hardy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A problem of more than usual
difficulty added to another on an examination paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [D. <i>rijder</i>.] <def>A Dutch gold coin
having the figure of a man on horseback stamped upon it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His moldy money ! half a dozen
<i>riders</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Rock material in a vein of
ore, dividing it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>An interior rib
occasionally fixed in a ship's hold, reaching from the keelson to the
beams of the lower deck, to strengthen her frame.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The second tier of casks in
a vessel's hold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A small forked weight which straddles the
beam of a balance, along which it can be moved in the manner of the
weight on a steelyard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A robber.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rider's bone</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a bony deposit in
the muscles of the upper and inner part of the thigh, due to the
pressure and irritation caused by the saddle in riding.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rid"er*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no rider;
as, a <i>riderless</i> horse.</def>  <i>H. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ridge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rigge</i> the
back, AS. <i>hrycg</i>; akin to D. <i>rug</i>, G. <i>r&Uuml;cken</i>,
OHG. <i>rucki</i>, <i>hrukki</i>, Icel. <i>hryggr</i>, Sw.
<i>rugg</i>, Dan. <i>ryg</i>. &radic;16.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
back, or top of the back; a crest.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A range of hills or mountains, or the upper
part of such a range; any extended elevation between valleys.</def>
"The frozen <i>ridges</i> of the Alps."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Part rise crystal wall, or <i>ridge</i>
direct.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A raised line or strip, as of ground thrown
up by a plow or left between furrows or ditches, or as on the surface
of metal, cloth, or bone, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The intersection of two
surface forming a salient angle, especially the angle at the top
between the opposite slopes or sides of a roof or a vault.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The highest portion of the
glacis proceeding from the salient angle of the covered way.</def>
<i>Stocqueler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ridge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ridged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ridging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form a ridge of; to
furnish with a ridge or ridges; to make into a ridge or
ridges.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bristles ranged like those that <i>ridge</i> the
back<BR>
Of chafed wild boars.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form into ridges with the plow, as
land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wrinkle.</def> "With a forehead
<i>ridged</i>."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ridge"band`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part of a
harness which passes over the saddle, and supports the shafts of a
cart; -- called also <i>ridgerope</i>, and <i>ridger</i>.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ridge"bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
backbone.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Blood . . . lying cluttered about the
<i>ridgebone</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ridg"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Ridgelling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ridge"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
ridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ridge"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>riggilt</i>, <i>riggot</i>, ananimal half castrated, a sheep having
only one testicle; cf. Prov. G. <i>rigel</i>, <i>rig</i>, a barrow
hog, <i>rigler</i> a cock half castrated.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
half-castrated male animal.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ridge"piece`</hw> (?), <hw>Ridge"plate`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Ridgepole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ridge"pole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The timber forming the ridge of a roof, into which the rafters
are secured.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ridge"rope`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <i>Life line</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under
<u>Life</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ridg"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to form
ridges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ridg"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a ridge or
ridges; rising in a ridge.</def> "Lifted on a <i>ridgy</i> wave."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rid"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ridicule.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rid"i*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ridicule</i>,
L. <i>ridiculum</i> a jest, fr. <i>ridiculus</i>. See
<u>Ridiculous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An object of sport or
laughter; a laughingstock; a laughing matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Marlborough] was so miserably ignorant, that his
deficiencies made him the <i>ridicule</i> of his
contemporaries.</blockquote> <i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To the people . . . but a trifle, to the king but a
<i>ridicule</i>.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Remarks concerning a subject or a person
designed to excite laughter with a degree of contempt; wit of that
species which provokes contemptuous laughter; disparagement by making
a person an object of laughter; banter; -- a term lighter than
<i>derision</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have in great measure restricted the meaning of
<i>ridicule</i>, which would properly extend over whole region of the
ridiculous, -- the laughable, -- and we have narrowed it so that in
common usage it mostly corresponds to "derision", which does indeed
involve personal and offensive feelings.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Safe from the bar, the pulpit, and the throne,<BR>
Yet touched and shamed by <i>ridicule</i> alone.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Quality of being ridiculous;
ridiculousness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To see the <i>ridicule</i> of this
practice.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Derision; banter; raillery; burlesque; mockery;
irony; satire; sarcasm; gibe; jeer; sneer.  -- <u>Ridicule</u>,
<u>Derision</u>, Both words imply disapprobation; but <i>ridicule</i>
usually signifies good-natured, fun-loving opposition without manifest
malice, while <i>derision</i> is commonly bitter and scornful, and
sometimes malignant.</p>

<p><hw>Rid"i*cule</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ridiculed</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ridiculing</u>.] <def>To laugh at mockingly or disparagingly; to
awaken ridicule toward or respecting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 've known the young, who <i>ridiculed</i> his
rage.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To deride; banter; rally; burlesque; mock; satirize;
lampoon. See <u>Deride</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1241 !></p>

<p><hw>Rid"i*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Ridiculous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This action . . . became so
<i>ridicule</i>.</blockquote> <i>Aubrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rid"i*cu`ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ridicules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri*dic"u*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
ridiculous; to ridicule.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri*dic`u*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being ridiculous; ridiculousness; also, something
ridiculous.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri*dic"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ridiculosus</i>, <i>ridiculus</i>, fr. <i>ridere</i> to laigh.  Cf.
<u>Risible</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to excite ridicule;
absurd and laughable; unworthy of serious consideration; as, a
<i>ridiculous</i> dress or behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Agricola, discerning that those little targets and
unwieldy glaives ill pointed would soon become <i>ridiculous</i>
against the thrust and close, commanded three Batavian cohorts . . .
to draw up and come to handy strokes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Involving or expressing ridicule.</def>
[r.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[It] provokes me to <i>ridiculous</i>
smiling.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ludicrous; laughable; risible; droll; comical;
absurd; preposterous. See <u>Ludicrous</u>.</p>

<p>--- <wf>Ri*dic"u*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ri*dic"u*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rid"ing</hw> (r&imacr;d"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>thriding</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;ri&eth;jungr</i> the third part, fr.
<i>&thorn;ri&eth;i</i> third, akin to E. <i>third</i>. See
<u>Third</u>.] <def>One of the three jurisdictions into which the
county of York, in England, is divided; -- formerly under the
government of a reeve. They are called the <i>North</i>, the
<i>East</i>, and the <i>West</i>, <i>Riding</i>.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rid"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Employed to travel; traveling; as, a <i>riding</i> clerk.</def>
"One <i>riding</i> apparitor."  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Used for riding on; as, a <i>riding</i>
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Used for riding, or when riding; devoted to
riding; as, a <i>riding</i> whip; a <i>riding</i> habit; a
<i>riding</i> day.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Riding clerk</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A clerk who
traveled for a commercial house</cd>. [Obs. Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>One of the "six clerks" formerly attached to the English Court of
Chancery.</cd> -- <col><b>Riding hood</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A hood formerly worn by women when riding</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of cloak with a hood.</cd> --
<col><b>Riding master</b></col>, <cd>an instructor in
horsemanship.</cd> -- <col><b>Riding rhyme</b></col> <i>(Pros.)</i>,
<cd>the meter of five accents, with couplet rhyme; -- probably so
called from the mounted pilgrims described in the Canterbury
Tales.</cd> <i>Dr. Guest.</i> -- <col><b>Riding school</b></col>,
<cd>a school or place where the art of riding is taught.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rid"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or state of one who rides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A festival procession.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When there any <i>riding</i> was in Cheap.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Ride</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A district in charge of an excise
officer.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ri*dot"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. LL.
<i>reductus</i> a retreat. See <u>Redoubt</u>.] <def>A favorite
Italian public entertainment, consisting of music and dancing, -- held
generally on fast eves.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are to be <i>ridottos</i> at guinea
tickets.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri*dot"to</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hold
ridottos.</def> [R.]  <i>J. G. Cooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Rye</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rie grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A kind of wild barley (<i>Hordeum pratense</i>)</cd>. <i>Dr.
Prior.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Ray grass.</cd> <i>Dr.
Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rief</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Reave</u>.]
<def>Robbery.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Riet"boc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>riet</i> reed +
<i>bok</i> buck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The reedbuck, a South
African antelope (<i>Cervicapra arundinacea</i>); -- so called from
its frequenting dry places covered with high grass or reeds. Its color
is yellowish brown. Called also <i>inghalla</i>, and
<i>rietbok</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rife</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>r&imacr;f</i>
abundant, or Icel. <i>r&imacr;fr</i> munificent; akin to OD.
<i>riff</i>, <i>rijve</i>, abundant.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Prevailing; prevalent; abounding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before the plague of London, inflammations of the lungs
were <i>rife</i> and mortal.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Even now the tumult of loud mirth<BR>
Was <i>rife</i>, and perfect in may listening ear.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having power; active; nimble.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What! I am <i>rife</i> a little yet.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Rife"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Rife"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rif"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. G. <i>riffeln</i>,
<i>riefeln</i>, to groove.  Cf. <u>Rifle</u> a gun.] <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>A trough or sluice having cleats, grooves, or steps across the
bottom for holding quicksilver and catching particles of gold when
auriferous earth is washed; also, one of the cleats, grooves, or steps
in such a trough. Also called <i>ripple</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rif"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Riffle</u>.]
<def>A curved file used in carving wool and marble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Riff"raff`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rif and
raf</i> every particle, OF. <i>rif et raf</i>. CF. <u>Raff</u>, <i>and
1st</i> <u>Rifle</u>.] <def>Sweepings; refuse; the lowest order of
society.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rifled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rifling</u> (?).] [F. <i>rifler</i> to rifle, sweep away; of
uncertain origin. CF. <u>Raff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To seize
and bear away by force; to snatch away; to carry off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till time shall <i>rifle</i> every youthful
grace.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strip; to rob; to pillage.</def>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Stand, sir, and throw us that you have about ye:<BR>
If not, we'll make you sit and <i>rifle</i> you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To raffle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
raffle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To commit robbery.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to Dan. <i>rifle</i>,
or <i>riffel</i>, the rifle of a gun, a chamfer (cf. <i>riffel</i>,
<i>riffel</i>b&ouml;sse, a rifle gun, <i>rifle</i> to rifle a gun, G.
<i>riefeln</i>, <i>riefen</i>, to chamfer, groove), and E.
<i>rive</i>. See <u>Rive</u>, and cf. <u>Riffle</u>, <u>Rivel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gun, the inside of whose barrel is grooved
with spiral channels, thus giving the ball a rotary motion and
insuring greater accuracy of fire. As a military firearm it has
superseded the musket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A body of soldiers
armed with rifles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A strip of wood covered with emery or a
similar material, used for sharpening scythes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rifle pit</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a trench for
sheltering sharpshooters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ri"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To grove; to channel; especially, to groove internally with
spiral channels; as, to <i>rifle</i> a gun barrel or a
cannon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To whet with a rifle. See <u>Rifle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri"fle*bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of beautiful birds of Australia and
New Guinea, of the genera <i>Ptiloris</i> and <i>Craspidophora</i>,
allied to the paradise birds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The largest and best known species is <i>Ptiloris
paradisea</i> of Australia. Its general color is rich velvety brown,
glossed with lilac; the under parts are varied with rich olive green,
and the head, throat, and two middle tail feathers are brilliant
metallic green.</p>

<p><hw>Ri"fle*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rifleman</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A soldier armed
with a rifle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who rifles; a
robber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri"fling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The act or process of making the grooves in a rifled cannon or
gun barrel.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The system of grooves in a
rifled gun barrel or cannon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shunt rifling</b></col>, <cd>rifling for cannon, in which
one side of the groove is made deeper than the other, to facilitate
loading with shot having projections which enter by the deeper part of
the grooves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rift</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Rive</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rift</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>reft</i>.]
[Dan. <i>rift</i>, fr. <i>rieve</i> to rend. See <u>Rive</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opening made by riving or splitting; a
cleft; a fissure.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shallow place in a stream; a
ford.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rift</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rifted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rifting</u>.] <def>To cleave; to rive; to split; as, to <i>rift</i>
an oak or a rock; to <i>rift</i> the clouds.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To dwell these <i>rifted</i> rocks
between.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rift</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
burst open; to split.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Timber . . . not apt to <i>rif</i> with
ordnance.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To belch.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Rift"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rafter.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ridge</u>.] <def>A
ridge.</def> [Prov. or Scott.]</p>

<p><hw>Rig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rigged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rigging</u> (?).] [Norweg. <i>rigga</i> to bind, particularly, to
wrap round, rig; cf. AS. <i>wr&imacr;han</i> to cover.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with apparatus or gear; to fit with
tackling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dress; to equip; to clothe, especially
in an odd or fanciful manner; -- commonly followed by
<i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jack was <i>rigged</i> out in his gold and silver
lace.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To rig a purchase</b></col>, <cd>to adapt apparatus so as
to get a purchase for moving a weight, as with a lever, tackle,
capstan, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To rig a ship</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to fit the shrouds, stays, braces, etc., to their respective masts
and yards.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The peculiar fitting in shape, number, and
arrangement of sails and masts, by which different types of vessels
are distinguished; as, schooner <i>rig</i>, ship <i>rig</i>, etc.  See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dress; esp., odd or fanciful
clothing.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Rig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Wriggle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A romp; a wanton; one given to unbecoming
conduct.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sportive or unbecoming trick; a
frolic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A blast of wind.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That uncertain season before the <i>rigs</i> of
Michaelmas were yet well composed.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To run a rig</b></col>, <cd>to play a trick; to engage in a
frolic; to do something strange and unbecoming.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He little dreamt when he set out<BR>
Of <i>running</i> such <i>a rig</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rig</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the wanton; to
act in an unbecoming manner; to play tricks.</def> "<i>Rigging</i> and
rifling all ways."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make free with;
hence, to steal; to pilfer.</def> [Obs. or Prov.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To rig the market</b></col> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i>, <cd>to
raise or lower market prices, as by some fraud or trick.</cd>
[Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Rig`a*doon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rigadon</i>,
<i>rigaudon</i>.] <def>A gay, lively dance for one couple, -- said to
have been borrowed from Provence in France.</def>  <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose dancing dogs in <i>rigadoons</i>
excel.</blockquote> <i>Wolcott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"ga fir`</hw> (?), [So called from <i>Riga</i>, a city in
Russia.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of pine (<i>Pinus
sylvestris</i>), and its wood, which affords a valuable timber; --
called also <i>Scotch pine</i>, and <i>red or yellow deal</i>. It
grows in all parts of Europe, in the Caucasus, and in
Siberia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri*ga"rion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rigatio</i>,
fr. <i>rigare</i> to water.] <def>See <u>Irrigation</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ri"gel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>rijl</i>,
properly, foot.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A fixed star of the first
magnitude in the left foot of the constellation Orion.</def> [Written
also <i>Regel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ri*ges"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rigescens</i>, p. pr. fr. <i>rigescere</i> to grow stiff.]
<def>Growing stiff or numb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rig"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who rigs or dresses; one whose occupation is to fit the
rigging of a ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cylindrical pulley or drum in
machinery.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rig"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>DRess; tackle;
especially <i>(Naut.)</i>, the ropes, chains, etc., that support the
masts and spars of a vessel, and serve as purchases for adjusting the
sails, etc. See <i>Illustr</i>. of <u>Ship</u> and
<u>Sails</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Running rigging</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>all those
ropes used in bracing the yards, making and shortening sail, etc.,
such as braces, sheets, halyards, clew lines, and the like.</cd> --
<col><b>Standing rigging</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the shrouds and
stays.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rig"gish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a rig or
wanton.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Riggish</i> and unmaidenly."  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Wriggle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rig"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The European lance
fish.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Right</hw> (r&imacr;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>right</i>,
<i>riht</i>, AS. <i>riht</i>; akin to D. <i>regt</i>, OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>reht</i>, G. <i>recht</i>, Dan. <i>ret</i>, Sw. r&auml;tt, Icel.
<i>r&euml;ttr</i>, Goth. <i>ra&iacute;hts</i>, L. <i>rectus</i>, p. p.
of <i>regere</i> to guide, rule; cf. Skr. <i>&rsdot;ju</i> straight,
right. &radic;115.  Cf. <u>Adroit</u>,<u>Alert</u>, <u>Correct</u>,
<u>Dress</u>, <u>Regular</u>, <u>Rector</u>, <u>Recto</u>,
<u>Rectum</u>, <u>Regent</u>, <u>Region</u>, <u>Realm</u>,
<u>Rich</u>, <u>Royal</u>, <u>Rule</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Straight; direct; not crooked; as, a <i>right</i> line.</def>
"<i>Right</i> as any line."  <i>Chaucer</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Upright; erect from a base; having an
upright axis; not oblique; as, <i>right</i> ascension; a <i>right</i>
pyramid or cone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Conformed to the constitution of man and
the will of God, or to justice and equity; not deviating from the true
and just; according with truth and duty; just; true.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which is conformable to the Supreme Rule is
absolutely <i>right</i>, and is called <i>right</i> simply without
relation to a special end.</blockquote> <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fit; suitable; proper; correct; becoming;
as, the <i>right</i> man in the <i>right</i> place; the <i>right</i>
way from London to Oxford.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by reality or genuineness;
real; actual; not spurious.</def> "His <i>right</i> wife."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In this battle, . . . the Britons never more plainly
manifested themselves to be <i>right</i> barbarians.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>According with truth; passing a true
judgment; conforming to fact or intent; not mistaken or wrong; not
erroneous; correct; as, this is the <i>right</i> faith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are <i>right</i>, Justice, and you weigh this
well.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If there be no prospect beyond the grave, the inference
is . . . <i>right</i>, "Let us eat and drink, for to-morrow we
die."</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Most favorable or convenient;
fortunate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lady has been disappointed on the <i>right</i>
side.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to that side of the body
in man on which the muscular action is usually stronger than on the
other side; -- opposed to <i>left</i> when used in reference to a part
of the body; as, the <i>right</i> side, hand, arm. Also applied to the
corresponding side of the lower animals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Became the sovereign's favorite, his <i>right</i>
hand.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In designating the banks of a river, <i>right</i> and
<i>left</i> are used always with reference to the position of one who
is facing in the direction of the current's flow.</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Well placed, disposed, or adjusted;
orderly; well regulated; correctly done.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Designed to be placed or worn outward; as,
the <i>right</i> side of a piece of cloth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At right angles</b></col>, <cd>so as to form a right angle
or right angles, as when one line crosses another
perpendicularly.</cd> -- <col><b>Right and left</b></col>, <cd>in both
or all directions.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Right and left
coupling</b></col> <i>(Pipe fitting)</i>, <cd>a coupling the opposite
ends of which are tapped for a right-handed screw and a left-handed
screw, respectivelly.</cd> -- <col><b>Right angle</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The angle formed by one line meeting another
perpendicularly, as the angles <i>ABD</i>, <i>DBC</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Spherics)</i> <cd>A spherical angle included
between the axes of two great circles whose planes are perpendicular
to each other.</cd> -- <col><b>Right ascension</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Ascension</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Right Center</b></col>
<i>(Politics)</i>, <cd>those members belonging to the Center in a
legislative assembly who have sympathies with the Right on political
questions. See <u>Center</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd> --
<col><b>Right cone</b></col>, <col><b>Right cylinder</b></col>,
<col><b>Right prism</b></col>, <col><b>Right pyramid</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a cone, cylinder, prism, or pyramid, the axis of
which is perpendicular to the base.</cd> -- <col><b>Right
line</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Line</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Right
sailing</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>sailing on one of the four
cardinal points, so as to alter a ship's latitude or its longitude,
but not both.</cd> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i> -- <col><b>Right
sphere</b></col> <i>(Astron. &amp; Geol.)</i>, <cd>a sphere in such a
position that the equator cuts the horizon at right angles; in
spherical projections, that position of the sphere in which the
primitive plane coincides with the plane of the equator.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Right</i> is used elliptically for <i>it is right</i>,
<i>what you say is right</i>, <i>true</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>Right</i>," cries his lordship.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Straight; direct; perpendicular; upright; lawful;
rightful; true; correct; just; equitable; proper; suitable;
becoming.</p>

<p><hw>Right</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a
right manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a right or straight line; directly;
hence; straightway; immediately; next; as, he stood <i>right</i>
before me; it went <i>right</i> to the mark; he came <i>right</i> out;
he followed <i>right</i> after the guide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unto Dian's temple goeth she <i>right</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let thine eyes look <i>right</i> on.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. iv. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Right</i> across its track there lay,<BR>
Down in the water, a long reef of gold.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exactly; just.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Came he <i>right</i> now to sing a raven's
note?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>According to the law or will of God;
conforming to the standard of truth and justice; righteously; as, to
live <i>right</i>; to judge <i>right</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>According to any rule of art;
correctly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You with strict discipline instructed
<i>right</i>.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>According to fact or truth; actually;
truly; really; correctly; exactly; as, to tell a story
<i>right</i>.</def> "<i>Right</i> at mine own cost."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Right</i> as it were a steed of
Lumbardye.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His wounds so smarted that he slept <i>right</i>
naught.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>In a great degree; very; wholly;
unqualifiedly; extremely; highly; as, <i>right</i> humble;
<i>right</i> noble; <i>right</i> valiant.</def> "He was not
<i>right</i> fat".  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For which I should be <i>right</i> sorry.</blockquote>
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[I] return those duties back as are <i>right</i>
fit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense now chiefly prefixed to titles; as,
<i>right</i> honorable; <i>right</i> reverend.</p>

<p><col><b>Right honorable</b></col>, <cd>a title given in England to
peers and peeresses, to the eldest sons and all daughters of such
peers as have rank above viscounts, and to all privy councilors; also,
to certain civic officers, as the lord mayor of London, of York, and
of Dublin.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1242 !></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Right</i> is used in composition with other adverbs, as
up<i>right</i>, down<i>right</i>, forth<i>right</i>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Right along</b></col>, <cd>without cessation; continuously;
as, to work <i>right along</i> for several hours.</cd> [Colloq. U.S.]
-- <col><b>Right away</b></col>, or <col><b>Right off</b></col>,
<cd>at once; straightway; without delay.</cd> [Colloq. U.S.] "We will
. . . shut ourselves up in the office and do the work <i>right
off</i>." <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Right</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>right</i>. See
<u>Right</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
is right or correct.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
straight course; adherence to duty; obedience to lawful authority,
divine or human; freedom from guilt, -- the opposite of moral
<i>wrong</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A true statement; freedom
from error of falsehood; adherence to truth or fact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seldom your opinions err;<BR>
Your eyes are always in the <i>right</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A just judgment or action; that which is
true or proper; justice; uprightness; integrity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Long love to her has borne the faithful knight,<BR>
And well deserved, had fortune done him <i>right</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That to which one has a just claim.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That which one has a natural
claim to exact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are no <i>rights</i> whatever, without
corresponding duties.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That which one has a legal or social claim
to do or to exact; legal power; authority; as, a sheriff has a
<i>right</i> to arrest a criminal.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>That
which justly belongs to one; that which one has a claim to possess or
own; the interest or share which anyone has in a piece of property;
title; claim; interest; ownership.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Born free, he sought his <i>right</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hast thou not <i>right</i> to all created
things?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men have no <i>right</i> to what is not
reasonable.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Privilege or immunity granted by
authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The right side; the side opposite to the
left.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Led her to the Souldan's <i>right</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In some legislative bodies of Europe (as in
France), those members collectively who are conservatives or
monarchists. See <u>Center</u>, 5.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The outward or most finished surface, as of
a piece of cloth, a carpet, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At all right</b></col>, <cd>at all points; in all
respects.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Bill of
rights</b></col>, <cd>a list of rights; a paper containing a
declaration of rights, or the declaration itself. See under
<u>Bill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>By right</b></col>, <col><b>By
rights</b></col>, or <col><b>By good rights</b></col>, <cd>rightly;
properly; correctly.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He should himself use it <i>by right</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I should have been a woman <i>by
right</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Divine right</b></col>, or <col><b>Divine right of
kings</b></col>, <cd>a name given to the patriarchal theory of
government, especially to the doctrine that no misconduct and no
dispossession can forfeit the right of a monarch or his heirs to the
throne, and to the obedience of the people.</cd> -- <col><b>To
rights</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In a direct line;
straight.</cd> [R.] <i>Woodward.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>At once;
directly.</cd> [Obs. or Colloq.] <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>To set to
rights</b></col>, <col><b>To put to rights</b></col>, <cd>to put in
good order; to adjust; to regulate, as what is out of order.</cd> --
<col><b>Writ of right</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a writ which lay to
recover lands in fee simple, unjustly withheld from the true
owner.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Right</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Righted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Righting</u>.] [AS. <i>rihtan</i>. See <u>Right</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring or restore to
the proper or natural position; to set upright; to make right or
straight (that which has been wrong or crooked); to correct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do justice to; to relieve from wrong; to
restore rights to; to assert or regain the rights of; as, to <i>right
the oppressed</i>; <i>to right</i> one's self; also, to
vindicate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So just is God, to <i>right</i> the
innocent.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All experience hath shown that mankind are more
disposed to suffer while evils are sufferable, than to <i>right</i>
themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are
accustomed.</blockquote> <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To right a vessel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to restore
her to an upright position after careening.</cd> -- <col><b>To right
the helm</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to place it in line with the
keel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Right</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
recover the proper or natural condition or position; to become
upright.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Hence, to regain an upright
position, as a ship or boat, after careening.</def></p>

<p><hw>Right"-a*bout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Right</i>,
adv. + <i>about</i>, adv.] <def>A turning directly about by the right,
so as to face in the opposite direction; also, the quarter directly
opposite; as, to turn to the <i>right-about</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To send to the right-about</b></col>, <cd>to cause to turn
toward the opposite point or quarter; -- hence, of troops, to cause to
turn and retreat.</cd> [Colloq.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Right"-an`gled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing a
right angle or right angles; as, a <i>right-angled</i>
triangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Right"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To do justice
to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Relieve [marginal reading, <i>righten</i>] the
opressed.</blockquote> <i>Isa. i. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Right"eous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>rightways</i>, <i>rightwise</i>, AS. <i>rightw&imacr;s</i>;
<i>riht</i> right + <i>w&imacr;s</i> wise, having wisdom, prudent. See
<u>Right</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Wise</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Doing, or according with, that which is right; yielding to all
their due; just; equitable; especially, free from wrong, guilt, or
sin; holy; as, a <i>righteous</i> man or act; a <i>righteous</i>
retribution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fearless in his <i>righteous</i> cause.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Upright; just; godly; holy; uncorrupt; virtuous;
honest; equitable; rightful.</p>

<p><hw>Right"eoused</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made
righteous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Right"eous*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>rightw&imacr;sl&imacr;ce</i>.] <def>In a righteous manner; as, to
judge <i>righteously</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Right"eous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>rihtw&imacr;snes</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state
of being righteous; holiness; purity; uprightness;
rectitude.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Righteousness</i>, as used in Scripture and theology, in
which it chiefly occurs, is nearly equivalent to <i>holiness</i>,
comprehending holy principles and affections of heart, and conformity
of life to the divine law.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A righteous act, or righteous
quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All our <i>righteousnesses</i> are as filthy
rags.</blockquote> <i>Isa. lxiv. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or conduct of one who is
righteous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blessed are they that keep judgment, and he that doeth
<i>righteousness</i> at all times.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cvi. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The state of being right
with God; justification; the work of Christ, which is the ground of
justification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are two kinds of Christian <i>righteousness</i>:
the one without us, which we have by imputation; the other in us,
which consisteth of faith, hope, and charity, and other Christian
virtues.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Only for the <i>righteousness</i> of Christ imputed to
us, and received by faith alone.</blockquote> <i>Westminster
Catechism.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Uprightness; holiness; godliness; equity; justice;
rightfulness; integrity; honesty; faithfulness.</p>

<p><hw>Right"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sets
right; one who does justice or redresses wrong.</def>
<i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Right"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Righteous; upright; just; good; -- said of persons.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consonant to justice; just; as, a
<i>rightful</i> cause.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having the right or just claim according to
established laws; being or holding by right; as, the <i>rightful</i>
heir to a throne or an estate; a <i>rightful</i> king.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Belonging, held, or possessed by right, or
by just claim; as, a <i>rightful</i> inheritance; <i>rightful</i>
authority.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Just; lawful; true; honest; equitable; proper.</p>

<p><hw>Right"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According to
right or justice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Right"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being rightful; accordance with right and
justice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moral rectitude; righteousness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We fail of perfect <i>rightfulness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Right"-hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Situated or being on the right; nearer the right hand than the
left; as, the <i>right-hand</i> side, room, or road.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Chiefly relied on; almost
indispensable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Alexander Truncheon, who is their <i>right-hand</i>
man in the troop.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Right-hand rope</b></col>, <cd>a rope which is laid up and
twisted with the sun, that is, in the same direction as plain-laid
rope. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Cordage</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Right"-hand`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Using the right hand habitually, or more easily than the
left.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the same direction or course as the
movement of the hands of a watch seen in front; -- said of the motion
of a revolving object looked at from a given direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the whorls
rising from left to right; dextral; -- said of spiral shells. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Scalaria</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Right-handed screw</b></col>, <cd>a screw, the threads of
which, like those of a common wood screw, wind spirally in such a
direction that the screw advances away from the observer when turned
with a right-handed movement in a fixed nut.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Right"-hand`ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being right-handed; hence, skill; dexterity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Right"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
right heart or disposition.</def> -- <wf>Right"-heart`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Right"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
right.</def>  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Right"-lined`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed by
right lines; rectilineal; as, a <i>right-lined</i> angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Right"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>richtlice</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Straightly; directly; in front.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to justice; according to the
divine will or moral rectitude; uprightly; as, duty <i>rightly</i>
performed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Properly; fitly; suitably;
appropriately.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eve <i>rightly</i> called, Mother of all
mankind.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>According to truth or fact; correctly; not
erroneously; exactly.</def> "I can not <i>rightly</i> say."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou didst not <i>rightly</i> see.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Right"-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
right or honest mind.</def> -- <wf>Right"-mind`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Right"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>rihtnes</i>.]
<def>Straightness; as, the <i>rightness</i> of a line.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being right; right
relation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The craving for <i>rightness</i> with God.</blockquote>
<i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Right"-run`ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Straight;
direct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Right"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rightward</i> and leftward rise the
rocks.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Right" whale`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The bowhead, Arctic, or Greenland whale (<i>Bal&aelig;na
mysticetus</i>), from whose mouth the best whalebone is
obtained.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any other whale that produces
valuable whalebone, as the Atlantic, or Biscay, right whale
(<i>Bal&aelig;na cisarctica</i>), and the Pacific right whale (<i>B.
Sieboldii</i>); a bone whale.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pygmy right whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
small New Zealand whale <i>(Neobal&aelig;na marginata)</i> which is
only about sixteen feet long. It produces short, but very elastic and
tough, whalebone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Right"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Righteous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Right"wise`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
righteous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Right"wise`ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Righteously.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Right"wise`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Righteousness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In doom and eke in <i>rightwisnesse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rig"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rigidus</i>, fr.
<i>rigere</i> to be stiff or numb: cf. F. <i>rigide</i>.  Cf.
<u>Rigor</u>. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Firm; stiff; unyielding; not
pliant; not flexible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upright beams innumerable<BR>
Of <i>rigid</i> spears.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, not lax or indulgent; severe;
inflexible; strict; as, a <i>rigid</i> father or master; <i>rigid</i>
discipline; <i>rigid</i> criticism; <i>a rigid</i> sentence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The more <i>rigid</i> order of principles in religion
and government.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stiff; unpliant; inflexible; unyielding; strict;
exact; severe; austere; stern; rigorous; unmitigated.</p>

<p><hw>Ri*gid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rigiditas</i>: cf. F. <i>rigidit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Rigid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being rigid; want of
pliability; the quality of resisting change of form; the amount of
resistance with which a body opposes change of form; -- opposed to
<i>flexibility</i>, <i>ductility</i>, <i>malleability</i>, and
<i>softness</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stiffness of appearance or manner; want of
ease or elegance.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Severity; rigor.</def> [Obs. orR.]  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stiffness; rigidness; inflexibility.</p>

<p><hw>Rig"id*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>In a rigid
manner; stiffly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rig"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being rigid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri*gid"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. from
<i>rigid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Somewhat rigid or stiff; as, a
<i>rigidulous</i> bristle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rig"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>See
<u>Reglet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rig"ma*role</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>ragman
roll</i>. See <u>Ragman's roll</u>.] <def>A succession of confused or
nonsensical statements; foolish talk; nonsense.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Often one's dear friend talks something which one
scruples to call <i>rigmarole</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rig"ma*role</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
rigmarole; frovolous; nonsensical; foolish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rig"ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. also <i>ringol</i>.
Cf. <u>Ring</u>.] <def>A circle; hence, a diadem.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rig"oll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>regal</i>.] <def>A musical instrument formerly in use, consisting
of several sticks bound together, but separated by beads, and played
with a stick with a ball at its end.</def> <i>Moore (Encyc. of
Music.).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ri"gor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Rigor</u>.,
below.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rigidity; stiffness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(ed.)</i> <def>A sense of chilliness, with
contraction of the skin; a convulsive shuddering or tremor, as in the
chill preceding a fever.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Rigor caloris</b></col> (&?;) [L., rigor of heat]
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>a form of rigor mortis induced by heat, as when
the muscle of a mammal is heated to about 50&deg;C.</cd> --
<col><b>||Rigor mortis</b></col> (&?;) [L. , rigor of death],
<cd>death stiffening; the rigidity of the muscles that occurs at death
and lasts till decomposition sets in. It is due to the formation of
myosin by the coagulation of the contents of the individual muscle
fibers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rig"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rigour</i>, OF.
<i>rigour</i>, F. <i>rigueur</i>, from L. <i>rigor</i>, fr.
<i>rigere</i> to be stiff. See <u>Rigid</u>.] [Written also
<i>rigour</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The becoming stiff or rigid;
the state of being rigid; rigidity; stiffness; hardness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rest his look<BR>
Bound with Gorgonian <i>rigor</i> not to move.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Rigor</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Severity of climate or season; inclemency;
as, the <i>rigor</i> of the storm; the <i>rigors</i> of
winter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Stiffness of opinion or temper; rugged
sternness; hardness; relentless severity; hard-heartedness;
cruelty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All his <i>rigor</i> is turned to grief and
pity.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I shall be condemn'd<BR>
Upon surmises, . . . I tell you<BR>
'T is <i>rigor</i> and not law.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Exactness without allowance, deviation, or
indulgence; strictness; as, the <i>rigor</i> of criticism; to execute
a law with <i>rigor</i>; to enforce moral duties with <i>rigor</i>; --
opposed to <i>lenity</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Severity of life; austerity; voluntary
submission to pain, abstinence, or mortification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The prince lived in this convent with all the
<i>rigor</i> and austerity of a capuchin.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Violence; force; fury.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whose raging <i>rigor</i> neither steel nor brass could
stay.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stiffness; rigidness; inflexibility; severity;
austerity; sternness; harshness; strictness; exactness.</p>

<p><hw>Rig"or*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rigidity in principle or practice; strictness; -- opposed to
<i>laxity</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Severity, as of style, or the like.</def>
<i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rig"or*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rigoriste</i>.] <def>One who is rigorous; -- sometimes applied to
an extreme Jansenist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rig"or*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>rigoureux</i>,
LL. <i>rigorosus</i>. See <u>Rigor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Manifesting, exercising, or favoring rigor; allowing no abatement
or mitigation; scrupulously accurate; exact; strict; severe;
relentless; as, a <i>rigorous</i> officer of justice; a
<i>rigorous</i> execution of law; a <i>rigorous</i> definition or
demonstration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall be thrown down the Tarpeian Rock<BR>
With <i>rigorous hands</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We do not connect the scattered phenomena into their
<i>rigorous</i> unity.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Severe; intense; inclement; as, a
<i>rigorous</i> winter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Violent.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Rigorous</i>
uproar."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rigid; inflexible; unyielding; stiff; severe;
austere; stern; harsh; strict; exact.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Rig"or*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rig"or*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Rigs"da`ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. See <u>Rix-
dollar</u>.] <def>A Danish coin worth about fifty-four cents. It was
the former unit of value in Denmark.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rig`-Ve"da</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Veda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Riks"da`ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw. See <u>Rix-
dollar</u>.] <def>A Swedish coin worth about twenty-seven cents. It
was formerly the unit of value in Sweden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rile</hw> (r&imacr;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Riled</u> (r&imacr;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Riling</u>.] [See <u>Roil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To render turbid or muddy; to stir up; to roil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stir up in feelings; to make angry; to
vex.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In both senses provincial in England and colloquial in the
United States.</p>

<p><hw>||Ri*lie"vo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[It. See
<u>Relief</u>.] <i>(Sculp. &amp; Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Relief</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rill</hw> (r&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG.
<i>rille</i> a small channel or brook, a furrow, a chamfer, OE.
<i>rigol</i> a small brook, F. <i>rigole</i> a trench or furrow for
water, W. <i>rhill</i> a row, <i>rhigol</i> a little ditch.
&radic;11.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A very small brook; a
streamlet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>See
<u>Rille</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To run a small
stream.</def> [R.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rille</hw> (r&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>rille</i>
a furrow.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of certain narrow, crooked
valleys seen, by aid of the telescope, on the surface of the
moon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rill"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
rill.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Roily.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><! p. 1243 !></p>

<p><hw>Rim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [As. <i>rima</i>,
<i>reoma</i>, edge; cf. W. <i>rhim</i>, <i>rhimp</i>, a rim, edge,
boundary, termination, Armor, <i>rim</i>.  Cf. <u>Rind</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The border, edge, or margin of a thing,
usually of something circular or curving; as, the <i>rim</i> of a
kettle or basin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The lower part of the abdomen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Arch rim</b></col> <i>(Phonetics)</i>, <cd>the line between
the gums and the palate.</cd> -- <col><b>Rim-fire cartridge</b></col>.
<i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Cartridge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rim
lock</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Lock</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rim</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rimmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rimming</u>.] <def>To furnish with a rim; to border.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ri"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rim&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A narrow
and elongated aperture; a cleft; a fissure.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ri"mau da"han</hw> (?). [From the native Oriental name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The clouded tiger cat (<i>Felis
marmorata</i>) of Southern Asia and the East Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rim"base`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
short cylinder connecting a trunnion with the body of a cannon. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Cannon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rima</i>.] <def>A
rent or long aperture; a chink; a fissure; a crack.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rime</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hr&imacr;m</i>; akin to
D. <i>rijm</i>, Icel. <i>hr&imacr;m</i>, Dan. <i>rim</i>, Sw.
<i>rim</i>; cf. D. <i>rijp</i>, G. <i>reif</i>, OHG.
<i>r&imacr;fo</i>, <i>hr&imacr;fo</i>.] <def>White frost; hoarfrost;
congealed dew or vapor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The trees were now covered with
<i>rime</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rime</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rimed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Riming</u>.] <def>To freeze or congeal into hoarfrost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rime</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A
step or round of a ladder; a rung.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rime</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rhyme. See
<u>Rhyme</u>.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This spelling, which is etymologically preferable, is coming
into use again.</p>

<p><hw>Rime</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To rhyme. See
<u>Rhyme</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rim"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rhymer; a
versifier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rim"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tool for shaping the
rimes of a ladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rim"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>rimoier</i>. See <u>Ryime</u>.] <def>To compose in rhyme; to
versify.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[Lays] <i>rimeyed</i> in their first Breton
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rim"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An implement for
cutting, trimming, or ornamenting the rim of anything, as the edges of
pies, etc.; also, a reamer.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri*mose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rimosus</i>, fr.
<i>rima</i> a chink: cf. F. <i>rimeux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of rimes, fissures, or chinks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Having long and nearly
parallel clefts or chinks, like those in the bark of trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri*mose"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rimose
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri*mos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
rimose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rim"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rimose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rim"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hrimpele</i>, or
<i>rimpel</i>. See Rumple.] <def>A fold or wrinkle. See
<u>Rumple</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rim"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rimpled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rimpling</u> (?).] <def>To rumple; to wrinkle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rim"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with rime;
frosty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rind</hw> (r&imacr;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>rind</i>
bark, crust of bread; akin to OHG. <i>rinta</i>, G. <i>rinde</i>, and
probably to E. <i>rand</i>, <i>rim</i>; cf. Skr. <i>ram</i> to end,
rest.] <def>The external covering or coat, as of flesh, fruit, trees,
etc.; skin; hide; bark; peel; shell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou canst not touch the freedom of my mind<BR>
With all thy charms, although this corporal <i>rind</i><BR>
Thou hast immanacled.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweetest nut hath sourest <i>rind</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rind</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To remove the rind of;
to bark.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rin"der*pest</hw> (r&ibreve;n"d&etilde;r*p&ebreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr. <i>rind</i>, pl. <i>rinder</i>, cattle +
<i>pest</i> pest, plague.] <def>A highly contagious distemper or
murrain, affecting neat cattle, and less commonly sheep and goats; --
called also <i>cattle plague</i>, <i>Russian cattle plague</i>, and
<i>steppe murrain</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rin"dle</hw> (r&ibreve;n"d'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>rynele</i>. &radic;11.  See <u>Run</u>.] <def>A small water course
or gutter.</def>  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rind"less</hw> (r&imacr;nd"l&ebreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Destitute of a rind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rind"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
rind or skin.</def>  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rine</hw> (r&imacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rind</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a rind</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Rin`for*zan"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., fr.
<i>rinforzare</i> to re&euml;nforce, strengthen.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Increasing; strengthening; -- a direction indicating a sudden
increase of force (abbreviated <i>rf</i>., <i>rfz</i>.) Cf.
<u>Forzando</u>, and <u>Sforzando</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring</hw> (r&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Rang</u> (r&abreve;ng) or <u>Rung</u>
(r&ubreve;ng); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rung</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Ringing</u>.] [AS. <i>hringan</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>hringja</i>, Sw. <i>ringa</i>, Dan. <i>ringe</i>, OD.
<i>ringhen</i>, <i>ringkelen</i>. &radic;19.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to sound, especially by striking, as a metallic body;
as, to <i>ring</i> a bell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make (a sound), as by ringing a bell; to
sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shard-borne beetle, with his drowsy hums,<BR>
Hath <i>rung</i> night's yawning peal.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To repeat often, loudly, or
earnestly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To ring a peal</b></col>, <cd>to ring a set of changes on a
chime of bells.</cd> -- <col><b>To ring the changes upon</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Change</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To ring in</b></col> or
<col><b>out</b></col>, <cd>to usher, attend on, or celebrate, by the
ringing of bells; as, <i>to ring out</i> the old year and <i>ring
in</i> the new.</cd> <i>Tennyson</i>. -- <col><b>To ring the bells
backward</b></col>, <cd>to sound the chimes, reversing the common
order; -- formerly done as a signal of alarm or danger.</cd> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ring</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
sound, as a bell or other sonorous body, particularly a metallic
one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>ringen</i> trompes loud and
clarion.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why <i>ring</i> not out the bells?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To practice making music with bells.</def>
<i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sound loud; to resound; to be filled
with a ringing or reverberating sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With sweeter notes each rising temple
<i>rung</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The hall with harp and carol <i>rang</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My ears still <i>ring</i> with noise.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To continue to sound or vibrate; to
resound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The assertion is still <i>ringing</i> in our
ears.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be filled with report or talk; as, the
whole town <i>rings</i> with his fame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sound; especially, the sound of vibrating metals; as, the <i>ring</i>
of a bell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any loud sound; the sound of numerous
voices; a sound continued, repeated, or reverberated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ring</i> of acclamations fresh in his
ears.</blockquote> <i>Bacon</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A chime, or set of bells harmonically
tuned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As great and tunable a <i>ring</i> of bells as any in
the world.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hring</i>,
<i>hrinc</i>; akin to Fries. <i>hring</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>ring</i>, OHG.
<i>ring</i>, <i>hring</i>, Icel. <i>hringr</i>, DAn. &amp; SW.
<i>ring</i>; cf. Russ. <i>krug'</i>.  Cf. <u>Harangue</u>, <u>Rank</u>
a row,<u>Rink</u>.] <def>A circle, or a circular line, or anything in
the form of a circular line or hoop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a circular ornament of gold
or other precious material worn on the finger, or attached to the ear,
the nose, or some other part of the person; as, a wedding
<i>ring</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon his thumb he had of gold a
<i>ring</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The dearest <i>ring</i> in Venice will I give
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A circular area in which races are or run
or other sports are performed; an arena.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Place me, O, place me in the dusty <i>ring</i>,<BR>
Where youthful charioteers contend for glory.</blockquote> <i>E.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An inclosed space in which pugilists fight;
hence, figuratively, prize fighting.</def> "The road was an
institution, the <i>ring</i> was an institution."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A circular group of persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And hears the Muses in a <i>ring</i><BR>
Aye round about Jove's alter sing.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
plane figure included between the circumferences of two concentric
circles.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The solid generated by the
revolution of a circle, or other figure, about an exterior straight
line (as an axis) lying in the same plane as the circle or other
figure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Astron. &amp; Navigation)</i> <def>An
instrument, formerly used for taking the sun's altitude, consisting of
a brass ring suspended by a swivel, with a hole at one side through
which a solar ray entering indicated the altitude on the graduated
inner surface opposite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An elastic band partly or
wholly encircling the spore cases of ferns. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Sporangium</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A clique; an exclusive combination of
persons for a selfish purpose, as to control the market, distribute
offices, obtain contracts, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ruling <i>ring</i> at Constantinople.</blockquote>
<i>E. A. Freeman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ring armor</b></col>, <cd>armor composed of rings of metal.
See <i>Ring mail</i>, below, and <i>Chain mail</i>, under
<u>Chain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring blackbird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the ring ousel.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring
canal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the circular water tube which
surrounds the esophagus of echinoderms.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring
dotterel</b></col>, or <col><b>Ringed dotterel</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Dotterel</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Pressiroster</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring dropper</b></col>, <cd>a
sharper who pretends to have found a ring (dropped by himself), and
tries to induce another to buy it as valuable, it being
worthless.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring fence</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fence</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring finger</b></col>, <cd>the third
finger of the left hand, or the next the little finger, on which the
ring is placed in marriage.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring formula</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a graphic formula in the shape of a closed ring,
as in the case of benzene, pyridine, etc. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Benzene</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring mail</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
mail made of small steel rings sewed upon a garment of leather or of
cloth.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring micrometer</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Circular micrometer</i>, under <u>Micrometer</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Saturn's rings</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Saturn</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ring ousel</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Ousel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring parrot</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of Old World
parrakeets having a red ring around the neck, especially
<i>Pal&aelig;ornis torquatus</i>, common in India, and <i>P.
Alexandri</i> of <u>Java</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring plover</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The ringed dotterel</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of several small American plovers
having a dark ring around the neck, as the semipalmated plover
(<i>&AElig;gialitis semipalmata</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Ring
snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small harmless American
snake (<i>Diadophis punctatus</i>) having a white ring around the
neck. The back is ash-colored, or sage green, the belly of an orange
red.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring stopper</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Stopper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring thrush</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the ring ousel.</cd> -- <col><b>The prize
ring</b></col>, <cd>the ring in which prize fighters contend; prize
fighters, collectively.</cd> -- <col><b>The ring</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The body of sporting men who bet on horse
races</cd>. [Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The prize ring.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ring</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ringed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ringing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To surround with a ring, or
as with a ring; to encircle.</def> "<i>Ring</i> these fingers."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>To make a ring around by
cutting away the bark; to girdle; as, to <i>ring</i> branches or
roots.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fit with a ring or with rings, as the
fingers, or a swine's snout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>To
rise in the air spirally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The ring-necked scaup duck; -- called also <i>ring-billed
blackhead</i>. See <u>Scaup</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The reed bunting. It has a collar of white feathers. Called also
<i>ring bunting</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring"bolt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An eyebolt
having a ring through the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring"bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
morbid growth or deposit of bony matter between or on the small
pastern and the great pastern bones.</def>  <i>J. H. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ring"dove`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A European wild pigeon (<i>Columba palumbus</i>) having a white
crescent on each side of the neck, whence the name. Called also
<i>wood pigeon</i>, and <i>cushat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ringed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Encircled or marked with, or as with, a ring or rings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wearning a wedding ring; hence, lawfully
wedded.</def> "A <i>ringed</i> wife."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ringed seal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a North
Pacific seal (<i>Phoca f&oelig;tida</i>) having ringlike spots on the
body.</cd> -- <col><b>Ringed snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a harmless European snake (<i>Tropidonotus natrix</i>) common in
England.</cd> -- <col><b>Ringed worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an annelid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rin"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ringens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>ringi</i> to open wide the mouth: cf. F.
<i>ringent</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the lips widely separated
and gaping like an open mouth; as a <i>ringent</i> bilabiate
corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, rings; especially, one who rings chimes
on bells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A crowbar.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ring"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Horse Racing)</i>
<def>A horse that is not entitled to take part in a race, but is
fraudulently got into it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cloth Manuf.)</i>
<def>An instrument used for stretching woolen cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Ring</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Ringing engine</b></col>, <cd>a simple form of pile driver
in which the monkey is lifted by men pulling on ropes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ring"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a ringing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring"lead`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The leader of a circle of dancers; hence, the leader of a number
of persons acting together; the leader of a herd of animals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A primacy of order, such an one as the
<i>ringleader</i> hath in a dance.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Opprobriously, a leader of a body of men
engaged in the violation of law or in an illegal enterprise, as
rioters, mutineers, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ringleaders</i> were apprehended, tried, fined,
and imprisoned.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rin"gle*stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ringed dotterel, or ring plover.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ring"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ring</i> + <i>-
let</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small ring; a small circle;
specifically, a fairy ring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You demi-puppets, that<BR>
By moonshine do the green sour <i>ringlets</i> make,<BR>
Whereof the ewe not bites.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A curl; especially, a curl of
hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Her golden tresses] in wanton <i>ringlets</i>
waved.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ring"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ringmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The ring finger.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ascham</i></p>

<p><hw>Ring"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One in charge
of the performances (as of horses) within the ring in a
circus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring"neck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of small plovers
of the genus <i>&AElig;gialitis</i>, having a ring around the neck.
The ring is black in summer, but becomes brown or gray in winter. The
semipalmated plover (<i>&AElig;. semipalmata</i>) and the piping
plover (<i>&AElig;. meloda</i>) are common North American species.
Called also <i>ring plover</i>, and <i>ring-necked
plover</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ring-necked
duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring"-necked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a well defined ring of color around
the neck.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ring-necked duck</b></col> <i>(Zool.)</i>, <cd>an American
scaup duck (<i>Aythya collaris</i>). The head, neck, and breast of the
adult male are black, and a narrow, but conspicuous, red ring
encircles the neck. This ring is absent in the female. Called also
<i>ring-neck</i>, <i>ring-necked blackhead</i>, <i>ringbill</i>,
<i>tufted duck</i>, and <i>black jack</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ring"sail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <u>Ringtail</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring"straked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ring-
streaked.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cattle <i>ringstraked</i>, speckled, and
spotted.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxx. 39.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ring"-streaked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
circular streaks or lines on the body; as, <i>ring-streaked</i>
goats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird having a distinct band of color across
the tail, as the hen harrier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A light sail set abaft and
beyong the leech of a boom-and-gaff sail; -- called also
<i>ringsail</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ringtail boom</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a spar which is
rigged on a boom for setting a ringtail.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ring"-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the tail crossed by conspicuous bands
of color.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ring-tailed cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
cacomixle.</cd> -- <col><b>Ring-tailed eagle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a young golden eagle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ring"toss`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game in which
the object is to toss a ring so that it will catch upon an upright
stick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring"worm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
contagious affection of the skin due to the presence of a vegetable
parasite, and forming ring-shaped discolored patches covered with
vesicles or powdery scales. It occurs either on the body, the face, or
the scalp.  Different varieties are distinguished as <i>Tinea
circinata</i>, <i>Tinea tonsurans</i>, etc., but all are caused by the
same parasite (a species of <i>Trichophyton</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Rink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>renk</i>,
<i>rink</i>, <i>rynk</i>, a course, a race; probably fr. AS.
<i>hring</i> a ring. See <u>Ring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
smooth and level extent of ice marked off for the game of
curling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An artificial sheet of ice, generally under
cover, used for skating; also, a floor prepared for skating on with
roller skates, or a building with such a floor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rink"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who skates at a
rink.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Rink"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Skating in a
rink.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Rinse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rinsed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rinsing</u>.] [OE., fr. OF. <i>rincer</i>, <i>rimser</i>,
<i>reinser</i>, <i>ra&iuml;ncier</i>, F. <i>rincer</i>; of uncertain
origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wash lightly; to cleanse with a
second or repeated application of water after washing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cleancse by the introduction of water; -
- applied especially to hollow vessels; as, to <i>rinse</i> a
bottle.</def> "Like a glass did break i' the <i>rinsing</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rinse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
rinsing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rins"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, rinses.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1244 !></p>

<p><hw>Ri"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>riote</i>, of
uncertain origin; cf. OD. <i>revot</i>, <i>ravot</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanton or unrestrained behavior; uproar;
tumult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His headstrong <i>riot</i> hath no curb.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessive and exxpensive feasting; wild and
loose festivity; revelry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Venus loveth <i>riot</i> and dispense.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lamb thy <i>riot</i> dooms to bleed to-
day.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The tumultuous disturbance of
the public peace by an unlawful assembly of three or more persons in
the execution of some private object.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To run riot</b></col>, <cd>to act wantonly or without
restraint.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ri"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rioted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rioting</u>.] [OF. <i>rioter</i>; cf. OD. <i>ravotten</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To engage in riot; to act in an unrestrained
or wanton manner; to indulge in excess of luxury, feasting, or the
like; to revel; to run riot; to go to excess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now he exact of all, wastes in delight,<BR>
<i>Riots</i> in pleasure, and neglects the law.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No pulse that <i>riots</i>, and no blood that
glows.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To disturb the peace; to raise
an uproar or sedition. See <u>Riot</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"ot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spend or pass in
riot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] had <i>rioted</i> his life out.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"ot*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who riots; a reveler; a roisterer.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who engages in a riot. See
<u>Riot</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri"ot*ise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excess; tumult;
revelry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His life he led in lawless <i>riotise</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"ot*our</hw> (-&oomac;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
rioter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"ot*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>rioteux</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Involving, or engaging in, riot; wanton;
unrestrained; luxurious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The younger son . . . took his journey into a far
country, and there wasted his substance with <i>riotous</i>
living.</blockquote> <i>Luke xv. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Partaking of the nature of an unlawful
assembly or its acts; seditious.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ri"ot*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ri"ot*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ri"ot*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
practice of rioting; riot.</def> "Electioneering <i>riotry</i>."
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>hrip</i> a box
or basket; perhaps akin to E. <i>corb</i>.  Cf. <u>Ripier</u>.] <def>A
wicker fish basket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ripped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ripping</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>r&ymacr;pan</i>, also Sw. <i>repa</i> to
ripple flax, D. <i>repelen</i>, G. <i>reffen</i>, <i>riffeln</i>, and
E. <i>raff</i>, <i>raffle</i>.  Cf. <u>Raff</u>, <u>Ripple</u> of
flax.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide or separate the parts of, by
cutting or tearing; to tear or cut open or off; to tear off or out by
violence; as, to <i>rip</i> a garment by cutting the stitches; to
<i>rip</i> off the skin of a beast; to <i>rip</i> up a floor; --
commonly used with <i>up</i>, <i>open</i>, <i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To get by, or as by, cutting or
tearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He 'll <i>rip</i> the fatal secret from her
heart.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To tear up for search or disclosure, or for
alteration; to search to the bottom; to discover; to disclose; --
usually with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>ripped</i> up all that had been done from the
beginning of the rebellion.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For brethern to debate and <i>rip</i> up their falling
out in the ear of a common enemy . . . is neither wise nor
comely.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To saw (wood) lengthwise of the grain or
fiber.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ripping chisel</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a crooked
chisel for cleaning out mortises.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Ripping iron</b></col>. <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Ravehook</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ripping saw</b></col>. <i>(Carp.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Ripsaw</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To rip out</b></col>, <cd>to
rap out, to utter hastily and violently; as, <i>to rip out</i> an
oath.</cd> [Colloq.] See <i>To rap out</i>, under <u>Rap</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rent
made by ripping, esp. by a seam giving way; a tear; a place torn;
laceration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perh. a corruption of the first syllable of
<i>rep</i>robate.] <def>A term applied to a mean, worthless thing or
person, as to a scamp, a debauchee, or a prostitute, or a worn-out
horse.</def> [Slang.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A body of water made rough by the meeting
of opposing tides or currents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri*pa"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>riparius</i>, fr. <i>ripa</i> a bank. See <u>River</u>, and cf.
<u>Arrive</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the bank of a river; as,
<i>riparian</i> rights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri*pa"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>riparius</i>.] <def>Growing along the banks of rivers;
riparian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ripe</hw> (r&imacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ripa</i>.]
<def>The bank of a river.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ripe</hw> (r&imacr;p), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Riper</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Ripest</u>.] [AS. <i>r&imacr;pe</i>; akin
to OS. <i>r&imacr;pi</i>, D. <i>rijp</i>, G. <i>rief</i>, OHG.
<i>r&imacr;ft</i>; cf. AS. <i>r&imacr;p</i> harvest,
<i>r&imacr;pan</i> to reap.  Cf. <u>Reap</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ready for reaping or gathering; having attained perfection;
mature; -- said of fruits, seeds, etc.; as, <i>ripe</i>
grain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So mayst thou live, till, like <i>ripe</i> fruit, thou
drop<BR>
Into thy mother's lap.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Advanced to the state of fitness for use;
mellow; as, <i>ripe</i> cheese; <i>ripe</i> wine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having attained its full development;
mature; perfected; consummate.</def> "<i>Ripe</i> courage."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a scholar, and a <i>ripe</i> and good
one.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Maturated or suppurated; ready to
discharge; -- said of sores, tumors, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Ready for action or effect;
prepared.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While things were just <i>ripe</i> for a
war.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am not <i>ripe</i> to pass sentence on the gravest
public bodies.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Like ripened fruit in ruddiness and
plumpness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those happy smilets,<BR>
That played on her <i>ripe</i> lip.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Intoxicated.</def> [Obs.] "Reeling
<i>ripe</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mature; complete; finished. See <u>Mature</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ripe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>r&imacr;pian</i>.]
<def>To ripen; to grow ripe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ripe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mature; to
ripen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ripe"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Maturely; at the fit
time.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rip"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ripened</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ripening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grow ripe; to become
mature, as grain, fruit, flowers, and the like; as, grapes
<i>ripen</i> in the sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To approach or come to
perfection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rip"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to mature; to make ripe; as, the warm days <i>ripened</i> the
corn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mature; to fit or prepare; to bring to
perfection; as, to <i>ripen</i> the judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When faith and love, which parted from thee never,<BR>
Had <i>ripined</i> thy iust soul to dwell with God.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ripe"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>r&imacr;pness</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being ripe;
maturity;; completeness; perfection; as, the <i>ripeness</i> of grain;
<i>ripeness</i> of manhood; <i>ripeness</i> of judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time, which made them their fame outlive,<BR>
To Cowley scarce did <i>ripeness</i> give.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri*pid"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;.
&?;&?;&?;. fan + <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A translucent
mineral of a green color and micaceous structure, belonging to the
chlorite group; a hydrous silicate of alumina, magnesia, and iron; --
called also <i>clinochlore</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Ri*pi*e"nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A player in the <i>ripieno</i> portion of an orchestra. See
<u>Ripieno</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ri*pi*e"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Filling up; supplementary; supernumerary; -- a term applied to
those instruments which only swell the mass or <i>tutti</i> of an
orchestra, but are not obbligato.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rip"ler</hw> (?), <hw>Rip"per</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Rip</u> a basket, or <u>Riparian</u>.]
<i>(O.E. Law)</i> <def>One who brings fish from the seacoast to
markets in inland towns.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But what's the action we are for now ?<BR>
Robbing a <i>ripper</i> of his fish.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri*post"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>riposte</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In fencing, a return thrust after a
parry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quick and sharp refort; a repartee.</def>
<i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, rips; a ripping tool.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tool for trimming the edges of roofing
slates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything huge, extreme, startling,
etc.</def> [Slang.]</p>

<p><hw>Rip"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [FRom <u>Rip</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>An implement, with teeth like those of a
comb, for removing the seeds and seed vessels from flax, broom corn,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rip"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To remove the seeds from (the stalks of flax, etc.), by means of
a ripple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to scratch or tear.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rip"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rippled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rippling</u> (?).] [Cf. <u>Rimple</u>, <u>Rumple</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become fretted or dimpled on the surface,
as water when agitated or running over a rough bottom; to be covered
with small waves or undulations, as a field of grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a sound as of water running gently
over a rough bottom, or the breaking of ripples on the
shore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rip"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fret or dimple,
as the surface of running water; to cover with small waves or
undulations; as, the breeze <i>rippled</i> the lake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rip"ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
fretting or dimpling of the surface, as of running water; little
curling waves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A little wave or undulation; a sound such
as is made by little waves; as, a <i>ripple</i> of laughter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(physics)</i> <def>a small wave on the
surface of water or other liquids for which the driving force is not
gravity, but surface tension.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Electrical engineering)</i> <def>the
residual AC component in the DC current output from a rectifier,
expressed as a percentage of the steady component of the
current.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ripple grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Ribwort</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ripple marks</b></col>, <cd>a system
of parallel ridges on sand, produced by wind, by the current of a
steam, or by the agitation of wind waves; also <i>(Geol.)</i>, a
system of parallel ridges on the surface of a sandstone
stratum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rip"ple-marked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
ripple marks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rip"plet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
ripple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rip"pling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
rippling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rip"ply</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having ripples; as,
<i>ripply</i> water; hence, resembling the sound of rippling water;
as, <i>ripply</i> laughter; a <i>ripply</i> cove.</def>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rip"rap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Rap</u>.]
<i>(Masonry)</i> <def>A foundation or sustaining wall of stones thrown
together without order, as in deep water or on a soft
bottom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rip"rap`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Riprapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Riprapping</u>.] <def>To form a riprap in or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rip"saw`</hw> (?), [See <u>Rip</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
4.] <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A handsaw with coarse teeth which have but a
slight set, used for cutting wood in the direction of the fiber; --
called also <i>ripping saw</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rip"tow*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>r&imacr;p</i>. harvest + a word of uncertain etymology.] <i>(Feud.
Law)</i> <def>A gratuity given to tenants after they had reaped their
lord's corn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hr&imacr;s</i>; akin
to D. <i>rils</i>, G. <i>reis</i>, OHG. <i>hr&imacr;s</i>.] <def>A
bough or branch; a twig.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As white as is the blossom upon the
<i>ris</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Rose</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Risen</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rising</u>.] [AS. <i>r&imacr;san</i>; akin
to OS. <i>r&imacr;san</i>, D. <i>rijzen</i>, OHG. <i>r&imacr;san</i>
to rise, fall, Icel. <i>r&imacr;sa</i>, Goth. ur<i>reisan</i>, G.
<i>reise</i> journey. CF. <u>Arise</u>, <u>Raise</u>, <u>Rear</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move from a lower
position to a higher; to ascend; to mount up. Specifically: --
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> To go upward by walking, climbing, flying, or any
other voluntary motion; as, a bird <i>rises</i> in the air; a fish
<i>rises</i> to the bait.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To ascend or float in a fluid, as gases or
vapors in air, cork in water, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To move upward under the influence of a
projecting force; as, a bullet <i>rises</i> in the air.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To grow upward; to attain a certain
height; as, this elm <i>rises</i> to the height of seventy
feet.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To reach a higher level by increase of
quantity or bulk; to swell; as, a river <i>rises</i> in its bed; the
mercury <i>rises</i> in the thermometer.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To become erect; to assume an upright
position; as, to <i>rise</i> from a chair or from a fall.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>To leave one's bed; to arise; as, to
<i>rise</i> early.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that would thrive, must <i>rise</i> by
five.</blockquote> <i>Old Proverb.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>To tower up; to be heaved up; as, the Alps
<i>rise</i> far above the sea.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>To slope upward; as, a path, a line, or
surface <i>rises</i> in this direction.</def> "A <i>rising</i>
ground."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <def>To retire; to give up a siege.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He, <i>rising</i> with small honor from Gunza, . . .
was gone.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(k)</i></sd> <def>To swell or puff up in the process of
fermentation; to become light, as dough, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have the aspect or the effect of
rising.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To appear above the horizont, as the sun,
moon, stars, and the like.</def> "He maketh his sun to <i>rise</i> on
the evil and the good."  <i>Matt. v. 45.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To become apparent; to emerge into sight;
to come forth; to appear; as, an eruption <i>rises</i> on the skin;
the land <i>rises</i> to view to one sailing toward the
shore.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To become perceptible to other senses than
sight; as, a noise <i>rose</i> on the air; odor <i>rises</i> from the
flower.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To have a beginning; to proceed; to
originate; as, rivers <i>rise</i> in lakes or springs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A scepter shall <i>rise</i> out of Israel.</blockquote>
<i>Num. xxiv. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Honor and shame from no condition
<i>rise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To increase in size, force, or value; to
proceed toward a climax.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To increase in power or fury; -- said of
wind or a storm, and hence, of passion.</def>  "High winde . . . began
to <i>rise</i>, high passions -- anger, hate."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To become of higher value; to increase in
price.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bullion is <i>risen</i> to six shillings . . . the
ounce.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To become larger; to swell; -- said of a
boil, tumor, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To increase in intensity; -- said of
heat.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To become louder, or higher in pitch, as
the voice.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To increase in amount; to enlarge; as, his
expenses <i>rose</i> beyond his expectations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In various figurative senses.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To become excited, opposed, or hostile; to
go to war; to take up arms; to rebel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At our heels all hell should <i>rise</i><BR>
With blackest insurrection.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No more shall nation against nation
<i>rise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To attain to a better social position; to
be promoted; to excel; to succeed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>rise</i> by sin, and some by virtue
fall.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To become more and more dignified or
forcible; to increase in interest or power; -- said of style, thought,
or discourse; as, to <i>rise</i> in force of expression; to
<i>rise</i> in eloquence; a story <i>rises</i> in interest.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To come to mind; to be suggested; to
occur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thought <i>rose</i> in me, which often perplexes men
of contemplative natures.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To come; to offer itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There chanced to the prince's hand to <i>rise</i><BR>
<i>An ancient book</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To ascend from the grave; to come to
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But now is Christ <i>risen</i> from the
dead.</blockquote> <i>1. Cor. xv. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To terminate an official sitting; to
adjourn; as, the committee <i>rose</i> after agreeing to the
report.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was near nine . . . before the House
<i>rose</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To ascend on a musical scale; to take a
higher pith; as, to <i>rise</i> a tone or semitone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To be lifted, or to admit
of being lifted, from the imposing stone without dropping any of the
type; -- said of a form.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To arise; mount; ascend; climb; scale.  --
<u>Rise</u>, <u>Appreciate</u>. Some in America use the word
<i>appreciate</i> for "rise in value;" as, stocks <i>appreciate</i>,
money <i>appreciates</i>, etc. This use is not unknown in England, but
it is less common there. It is undesirable, because <i>rise</i>
sufficiently expresses the idea, and <i>appreciate</i> has its own
distinctive meaning, which ought not to be confused with one so
entirely different.</p>

<p><hw>Rise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of rising, or the state of being risen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The distance through which anything rises;
as, the <i>rise</i> of the thermometer was ten degrees; the
<i>rise</i> of the river was six feet; the <i>rise</i> of an arch or
of a step.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Land which is somewhat higher than the
rest; as, the house stood on a <i>rise</i> of land.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Spring; source; origin; as, the <i>rise</i>
of a stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All wickednes taketh its <i>rise</i> from the
heart.</blockquote> <i>R. Nelson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Appearance above the horizon; as, the
<i>rise</i> of the sun or of a planet.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Increase; advance; augmentation, as of
price, value, rank, property, fame, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rise</i> or fall that may happen in his constant
revenue by a Spanish war.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Increase of sound; a swelling of the
voice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ordinary <i>rises</i> and falls of the
voice.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Elevation or ascent of the voice; upward
change of key; as, a <i>rise</i> of a tone or semitone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The spring of a fish to seize food (as a
fly) near the surface of the water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ris"en</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def><pos><i>p. p. &
a.</i></pos> from <u>Rise</u>.</def> "Her <i>risen</i> Son and Lord."
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def><pos><i>Obs. imp. pl.</i></pos> of
<u>Rise</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ris"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who rises; as, an early <i>riser</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
upright piece of a step, from tread to tread.</def> Hence:
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any small upright face, as of a seat,
platform, veranda, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A shaft excavated from
below upward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A feed head. See under
<u>Feed</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Rish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rush (the
plant).</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ris`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>risibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being risible; as,
<i>risibility</i> is peculiar to the human species.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A strong and obvious disposition to
<i>risibility</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ris"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>risibilis</i>, fr. <i>ridere</i>, <i>risum</i>, to laugh.  Cf.
<u>Ridiculous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the faculty or
power of laughing; disposed to laugh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Laughing is our busines, . . . it has been made the
definition of man that he is <i>risible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exciting laughter; worthy to be laughed at;
amusing.</def> "<i>Risible</i> absurdities."  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I hope you find nothing <i>risible</i> in my
complaisance.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Used in, or expressing, laughter; as,
<i>risible</i> muscles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Risible</i> is sometimes used as a noun, in the plural,
for the feeling of amusement and for the muscles and other organs used
in laughing, collectively; as, unable to control one's
<i>risibles</i>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ludicrous; laughable; amusing; ridiculous --
<u>Risible</u>, <u>Ludicrous</u>, <u>Ridiculous</u>.  <i>Risible</i>
differs from <i>ludicrous</i> as species from genus; <i>ludicrous</i>
expressing that which is playful and sportive; <i>risible</i>, that
which may excite laughter. <i>Risible</i> differs from
<i>ridiculous</i>, as the latter implies something contemptuous, and
<i>risible</i> does not.</p>

<p><! p. 1245 !></p>

<p>--<wf>Ris"i*ble*ness</wf>(#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ris"i*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ris"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Attaining a higher place; taking, or moving in, an upward
direction; appearing above the horizon; ascending; as, the
<i>rising</i> moon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Increasing in wealth, power, or
distinction; as, a <i>rising</i> state; a <i>rising</i>
character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among the <i>rising</i> theologians of
Germany.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Growing; advancing to adult years and to
the state of active life; as, the <i>rising</i> generation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ris"ing</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>More than;
exceeding; upwards of; as, a horse <i>rising</i> six years of
age.</def> [Colloq. &amp; Low, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ris"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who, or that which, rises (in any sense).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which rises; a tumor; a boil.</def>
<i>Lev. xiii. 10.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rising main</b></col> <i>(Waterworks)</i>, <cd>the pipe
through which water from an engine is delivered to an elevated
reservoir.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Risk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>risque</i>; cf. It.
<i>risco</i>, <i>risico</i>, <i>rischio</i>, Pg. <i>risco</i>, Sp.
<i>riesgo</i>, and also Sp. <i>risco</i> a steep rock; all probably
fr. L. <i>resceare</i> to cut off; pref. <i>re-</i> re- +
<i>secare</i> to cut; -- the word having been probably first used
among sailors. See <u>Section</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hazard;
danger; peril; exposure to loss, injury, or destruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The imminent and constant <i>risk</i> of assassination,
a <i>risk</i> which has shaken very strong nerves.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Hazard of loss; liabillity to
loss in property.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To run a risk</b></col>, <cd>to incur hazard; to encounter
danger.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Danger; hazard; peril; jeopardy; exposure. See
<u>Danger</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Risk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Risked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Risking</u>.] [CF. F. <i>risquer</i>. See <u>Risk</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To expose to risk,
hazard, or peril; to venture; as, to <i>risk</i> goods on board of a
ship; to <i>risk</i> one's person in battle; to <i>risk</i> one's fame
by a publication.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To incur the risk or danger of; as, to
<i>risk</i> a battle.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hazard; peril; endanger; jeopard.</p>

<p><hw>Risk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who risks or
hazards.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Risk"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Risky.</def> [R.]
<i>Geddes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Risk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Attended with risk
or danger; hazardous.</def> "A <i>risky</i> matter."  <i>W.
Collins.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Generalization are always <i>risky</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>ridere</i>,
<i>risum</i>, to laugh.] <def>Pertaining to, or producing, laughter;
as, the <i>risorial</i> muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ri*sot"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A kind of
pottage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Risse</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Rise</u>.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ris"soid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Rissoa</i>, the
typical genus ( fr. A. <i>Risso</i>, an Italian naturalist) + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of very numerous species of
small spiral gastropods of the genus <i>Rissoa</i>, or family
<i>Rissoid&aelig;</i>, found both in fresh and salt water.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ris`sole"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>rissoler</i> to fry meat till it is brown.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A
small ball of rich minced meat or fish, covered with pastry and
fried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rist</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos>
of <u>Rise</u>, contracted from <i>riseth</i>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rit</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos>
of <u>Ride</u>, contracted from <i>rideth</i>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ri`tar*dan"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Retarding; -- a direction for slower time;
rallentado.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ritus</i>; cf. Skr.
<i>r&imacr;ti</i> a stream, a running, way, manner, <i>ri</i> to flow:
cf. F. <i>rit</i>, <i>rite</i>. CF. <u>Rivulet</u>.] <def>The act of
performing divine or solemn service, as established by law, precept,
or custom; a formal act of religion or other solemn duty; a solemn
observance; a ceremony; as, the <i>rites</i> of freemasonry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He looked with indifference on <i>rites</i>, names, and
forms of ecclesiastical polity.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Form; ceremony; observance; ordinance.</p>

<p><hw>||Ri`te*nu"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Held back; holding back; ritardando.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rit`or*nelle"</hw> (?), <hw>||Ri`tor*nel"lo</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>ritornello</i>, dim. of <i>ritorno</i>
return, fr. <i>ritornare</i> to return: cf. F. <i>ritournelle</i>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A short return or repetition; a
concluding symphony to an air, often consisting of the burden of the
song.</def> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A short intermediate symphony, or
instrumental passage, in the course of a vocal piece; an
interlude.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ri*trat"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[It.] <def>A
picture.</def>  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rit"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>ritualis</i>, fr.
<i>ritus</i> a rite: cf. F. <i>rituel</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
rites or ritual; as, <i>ritual</i> service or sacrifices; the
<i>ritual</i> law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rit"u*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.  <i>rituel</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prescribed form of performing divine service
in a particular church or communion; as, the Jewish
<i>ritual</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the code of ceremonies observed by
an organization; as, the <i>ritual</i> of the freemasons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A book containing the rites to be
observed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rit"u*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ritualisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A system founded upon a
ritual or prescribed form of religious worship; adherence to, or
observance of, a ritual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically :<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The
principles and practices of those in the Church of England, who in the
development of the Oxford movement, so-called, have insisted upon a
return to the use in church services of the symbolic ornaments (altar
cloths, encharistic vestments, candles, etc.) that were sanctioned in
the second year of Edward VI., and never, as they maintain, forbidden
by competennt authority, although generally disused. <i>Schaff-Herzog
Encyc</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Also, the principles and practices of
those in the Protestant Episcopal Church who sympathize with this
party in the Church of England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rit"u*al*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>ritualiste</i>.] <def>One skilled un, or attached to, a ritual; one
who advocates or practices ritualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rit`u*al*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or in accordance with, a ritual; adhering to ritualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rit"u*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By rites, or by a
particular rite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Riv"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>ripa</i>
bank, shore.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bank, shore, or coast.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From the green <i>rivage</i> many a fall<BR>
Of diamond rillets musical.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O.Eng.Law)</i> <def>A duty paid to the crown
for the passage of vessels on certain rivers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ri"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rival</i> (cf. It.
<i>rivale</i>), L. <i>rivales</i> two neigbors having the same brook
in common, rivals, fr. <i>rivalis</i> belonging to a brook, fr.
<i>rivus</i> a brook.  Cf. <u>Rivulet</u>, <u>Rete</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person having a common right or privilege
with another; a partner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If you do meet Horatio and Marcellus,<BR>
The <i>rivals</i> of my watch, bid them make haste.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is in pursuit of the same object as
another; one striving to reach or obtain something which another is
attempting to obtain, and which one only can posses; a competitor; as,
<i>rivals</i> in love; <i>rivals</i> for a crown.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "<i>Rivals</i>, in the primary sense of the word, are those
who dwell on the banks of the same stream. But since, as all
experience shows, there is no such fruitful source of coutention as a
water right, it would continually happen that these occupants of the
opposite banks would be at strife with one another in regard of the
periods during which they severally had a right to the use of the
stream . . . And thus <i>'rivals'</i> . . . came to be used of any who
were on any grounds in more or less unfriendly competition with one
another."  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Competitor; emulator; antagonist.</p>

<p><hw>Ri"val</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the same
pretensions or claims; standing in competition for superiority; as,
rival lovers; <i>rival</i> claims or pretensions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The strenuous conflicts and alternate victories of two
<i>rival</i> confederacies of statesmen.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"val</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rivaled</u> (?) or <u>Rivalled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rivaling</u> or <u>Rivalling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stand in competition with; to strive to
gain some object in opposition to; as, to <i>rival</i> one in
love.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strive to equal or exel; to
emulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>rival</i> thunder in its rapid
course.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"val</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be in
rivalry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"val*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
rival.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri*val"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rivalitas</i>: cf. F. <i>rivalit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rivalry; competition.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Equality, as of right or rank.</def> [Obs.]
<i>hak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ri"val*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rivalries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The act of rivaling, or the
state of being a rival; a competition.</def> "Keen contention and
eager <i>rivalries</i>."  <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Emulation; competition. See <u>Emulation</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ri"val*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rivalry.</def> [R.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Rived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rived</u> or <u>Riven</u>
(&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Riving</u>.] [Icel.
<i>r&imacr;fa</i>, akin to Sw. <i>rifva</i> to pull asunder, burst,
tear, Dan. <i>rive</i> to rake, pluck, tear.  Cf. <u>Reef</u> of land,
<u>Rifle</u> a gun, <u>Rift</u>, <u>Rivel</u>.] <def>To rend asunder
by force; to split; to cleave; as, to <i>rive</i> timber for rails or
shingles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall <i>ryve</i> him through the sides
twain.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The scolding winds have <i>rived</i> the knotty
oaks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Brutus hath <i>rived</i> my heart.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rive</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be split or rent
asunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Freestone <i>rives</i>, splits, and breaks in any
direction.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place torn; a rent; a
rift.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Riv"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Riveled</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Riveling</u>.] [AS. <i>gerifled</i>, <i>geriflod</i>,
<i>gerifod</i>, wrinkled, <i>geriflian</i>, <i>gerifian</i>, to
wrinkle. See <u>Rifle</u> a gun, <u>Rive</u>.] <def>To contract into
wrinkles; to shrivel; to shrink; as, <i>riveled</i> fruit;
<i>riveled</i> flowers.</def> [Obs.] <i>Pope.</i> "<i>Riveled</i>
parchments." <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Riv"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrinkle; a
rimple.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Riv"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> from
<u>Rive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Riv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who rives or
splits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Riv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>riv&egrave;re</i>
a river, LL. <i>riparia</i> river, bank of a river, fr. L.
<i>riparius</i> belonging to a bank or shore, fr. <i>ripa</i> a bank
or shore; of uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Arrive</u>, <u>Riparian</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large stream of water flowing in a bed or
channel and emptying into the ocean, a sea, a lake, or another stream;
a stream larger than a rivulet or brook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Transparent and sparkling <i>rivers</i>, from which it
is delightful to drink as they flow.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A large stream; copious flow;
abundance; as, <i>rivers</i> of blood; <i>rivers</i> of oil.</def></p>

<p><col><b>River chub</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hornyhead
and allied species of fresh-water fishes.</cd> -- <col><b>River
crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of fresh-water
crabs of the genus <i>Thelphusa</i>, as <i>T. depressa</i> of Southern
Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>River dragon</b></col>, <cd>a crocodile; --
applied by Milton to the king of Egypt.</cd> -- <col><b>River
driver</b></col>, <cd>a lumberman who drives or conducts logs down
rivers.</cd> <i>Bartlett.</i> -- <col><b>River duck</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of duck belonging to <i>Anas</i>,
<i>Spatula</i>, and allied genera, in which the hind toe is destitute
of a membranous lobe, as in the mallard and pintail; -- opposed to
<i>sea duck</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>River god</b></col>, <cd>a deity
supposed to preside over a river as its tutelary divinity.</cd> --
<col><b>River herring</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
alewife.</cd> -- <col><b>River hog</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any species of African wild hogs of the genus
<i>Potamoch&oelig;rus</i>. They frequent wet places along the
rivers.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The capybara.</cd> --
<col><b>River horse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
hippopotamus.</cd> -- <col><b>River jack</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an African puff adder (<i>Clotho
nasicornis</i>) having a spine on the nose.</cd> -- <col><b>River
limpet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a fresh-water, air-breathing
mollusk of the genus <i>Ancylus</i>, having a limpet-shaped
shell.</cd> -- <col><b>River pirate</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the pike.</cd> -- <col><b>River snail</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of fresh-water gastropods of
<i>Paludina</i>, <i>Melontho</i>, and allied genera. See <i>Pond
snail</i>, under <u>Pond</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>River tortoise</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous fresh-water tortoises
inhabiting rivers, especially those of the genus <i>Trionyx</i> and
allied genera. See <u>Trionyx</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Riv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hawk by the
side of a river; to fly hawks at river fowl.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Riv"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supplied with
rivers; as, a well <i>rivered</i> country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Riv"er*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rivulet.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Riv"er*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being a river.</def> "Useful <i>riverhood</i>."  <i>H.
Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Riv"er*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
rivulet.</def> [R.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Riv"er*side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The side or
bank of a river.</def></p>

<p><hw>Riv"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having rivers; as,
a <i>rivery</i> country.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Riv"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>river</i> to
rivet; perh. fr. Icel. <i>rifa</i> to fasten together.  Cf.
<u>Reef</u> part of a sail.] <def>A metallic pin with a head, used for
uniting two plates or pieces of material together, by passing it
through them and then beating or pressing down the point so that it
shall spread out and form a second head; a pin or bolt headed or
clinched at both ends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With busy hammers closing <i>rivets</i>
up.</blockquote>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rivet joint</b></col>, or <col><b>Riveted joint</b></col>,
<cd>a joint between two or more pieces secured by rivets.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Riv"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Riveted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Riveting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten with a rivet, or
with rivets; as, to <i>rivet</i> two pieces of iron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spread out the end or point of, as of a
metallic pin, rod, or bolt, by beating or pressing, so as to form a
sort of head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to fasten firmly; to make firm,
strong, or immovable; as, to <i>rivet</i> friendship or
affection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rivet</i> and nail me where I stand, ye
powers!</blockquote> <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus his confidence was <i>riveted</i> and
confirmed.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Riv"et*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rivets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Riv"et*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of joining with rivets; the act of spreading out and
clinching the end, as of a rivet, by beating or pressing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole set of rivets,
collectively.</def>  <i>Tomlinsin.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Butt riveting</b></col>, <cd>riveting in which the ends or
edges of plates form a butt joint, and are fastened together by being
riveted to a narrow strip which covers the joint.</cd> --
<col><b>Chain riveting</b></col>, <cd>riveting in which the rivets, in
two or more rows along the seam, are set one behind the other.</cd> --
<col><b>Crossed riveting</b></col>, <cd>riveting in which the rivets
in one row are set opposite the spaces between the rivets in the next
row.</cd> -- <col><b>Double riveting</b></col>, <cd>in lap riveting,
two rows of rivets along the seam; in butt riveting, four rows, two on
each side of the joint.</cd> -- <col><b>Lap riveting</b></col>,
<cd>riveting in which the ends or edges of plates overlap and are
riveted together.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ri*vose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L. <i>rivus</i> a
brook, channel.] <def>Marked with sinuate and irregular
furrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Riv"u*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Earlier
<i>rivolet</i>, It. <i>rivoletto</i>, a dim. fr. <i>rivolo</i>, L.
<i>rivulus</i>, dim. of <i>rivus</i> a brook. CF. <u>Rival</u>,
<u>Rite</u>.] <def>A small stream or brook; a streamlet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By fountain or by shady <i>rivulet</i><BR>
He sought them.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rix*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rixari</i>, p.
p. <i>rixatus</i>, to brawl, fr. <i>rixa</i> a quarrel.] <def>A brawl
or quarrel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Rix*a"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Old Eng.
Law)</i> <def>A scolding or quarrelsome woman; a scold.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Rix"da`ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Dutch silver
coin, worth about $1.00.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rix"-dol`lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw.
<i>riksdaler</i>, or Dan. <i>rigsdaler</i>, or D. <i>rijksdaalder</i>,
or G. <i>reichsthaler</i>, literally, dollar of the empire or realm,
fr. words akin to E. <i>rich</i>, and <i>dollar</i>. See <u>Rich</u>,
<u>Dollar</u>.] <def>A name given to several different silver coins of
Denmark, Holland, Sweden,, NOrway, etc., varying in value from about
30 cents to $1.10; also, a British coin worth about 36 cents, used in
Ceylon and at the Cape of Good Hope. See <u>Rigsdaler</u>,
<u>Riksdaler</u>, and <u>Rixdaler</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Most of these pieces are now no longer coined, but some
remain in circulation.</p>

<p><hw>Riz"zar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>To dry in the sun; as, <i>rizzared</i> haddock.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Roach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
cockroach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roach</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rroche</i>; cf. AS.
<i>reohha</i>, D. <i>rog</i>, <i>roch</i>, G. <i>roche</i>, LG.
<i>ruche</i>, Dan. <i>rokke</i> ray, Sw. <i>rocka</i>, and E.
<i>ray</i> a fish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A European fresh-water fish of the Carp
family (<i>Leuciscus rutilus</i>). It is silver-white, with a greenish
back.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An American chub (<i>Semotilus
bullaris</i>); the fallfish.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
redfin, or shiner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A convex curve or arch cut
in the edge of a sail to prevent chafing, or to secure a better
fit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>As sound as a roach</b></col> [<i>roach</i> perhaps being a
corruption of a F. <i>roche</i> a rock], <cd>perfectly sound.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Roach</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to arch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut off, as a horse's mane, so that the
part left shall stand upright.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roach"-backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
back like that of roach; -- said of a horse whose back a convex
instead of a concave curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Road</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>r&amacr;d</i> a
riding, that on which one rides or travels, a road, fr.
<i>r&imacr;dan</i> to ride. See <u>Ride</u>, and cf. <u>Raid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A journey, or stage of a journey.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With easy <i>roads</i> he came to
Leicester.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inroad; an invasion; a raid.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place where one may ride; an open way or
public passage for vehicles, persons, and animals; a track for travel,
forming a means of communication between one city, town, or place, and
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most villainous house in all the London
<i>road</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The word is generally applied to highways, and as a generic
term it includes <i>highway</i>, <i>street</i>, and <i>lane</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Possibly akin to Icel. <i>rei&eth;i</i> the
rigging of a ship, E. <i>ready</i>.] <def>A place where ships may ride
at anchor at some distance from the shore; a roadstead; -- often in
the plural; as, Hampton <i>Roads</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1246 !></p>

<p><blockquote>Now strike your saile, ye jolly mariners,<BR>
For we be come unto a quiet <i>rode</i> [road].</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On</b></col>, or <col><b>Upon</b></col>, <col><b>the
road</b></col>, <cd>traveling or passing over a road; coming or going;
on the way.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>My hat and wig will soon be here,<BR>
They are <i>upon the road</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Road agent</b></col>, <cd>a highwayman, especially on
the stage routes of the unsettled western parts of the United States;
-- a humorous euphemism.</cd> [Western U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The highway robber -- <i>road agent</i> he is quaintly
called.</blockquote> <i>The century.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Road book</b></col>, <cd>a guidebook in respect to roads
and distances.</cd> -- <col><b>Road metal</b></col>, <cd>the broken,
stone used in macadamizing roads.</cd> -- <col><b>Road
roller</b></col>, <cd>a heavy roller, or combinations of rollers, for
making earth, macadam, or concrete roads smooth and compact.</cd> --
often driven by steam. -- <col><b>Road runner</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the chaparral cock.</cd> -- <col><b>Road
steamer</b></col>, <cd>a locomotive engine adapted to running on
common roads.</cd> -- <col><b>To go on the road</b></col>, <cd>to
engage in the business of a commercial traveler.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To take the road</b></col>, <cd>to begin or engage in
traveling.</cd> -- <col><b>To take to the road</b></col>, <cd>to
engage in robbery upon the highways.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Way; highway; street; lane; pathway; route; passage;
course. See <u>Way</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Road"bed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In railroads, the
bed or foundation on which the superstructure (ties, rails, etc.)
rests; in common roads, the whole material laid in place and ready for
travel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Road"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
roads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Road"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
roads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Road"side`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Land adjoining a
road or highway; the part of a road or highway that borders the
traveled part. Also used ajectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Road"stead</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Road</i>, 4 +
<i>stead</i> a place.] <def>An anchorage off shore. Same as
<u>Road</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moored in the neighboring
<i>roadstead</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Road"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A clumsy vessel that works its way from one
anchorage to another by means of the tides.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A horse that is accustomed to traveling on
the high road, or is suitable for use on ordinary roads.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sound, swift, well-fed hunter and
<i>roadster</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bicycle or tricycle adapted for common
roads rather than for the racing track.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who drives much; a coach driver.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A hunter who keeps to the roads instead of
following the hounds across country.</def> [Eng. Slang.]</p>

<p><hw>Road"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A road;
especially, the part traveled by carriages.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roam</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Roamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Roaming</u>.] [OE. <i>romen</i>, <i>ramen</i>; cf. AS.
<i>&amacr;r&?;man</i> to raise, rise, D. <i>ramen</i> to hit, plan,
aim, OS. <i>r&?;m&?;n</i> to strive after, OHG. <i>r&amacr;men</i>.
But the word was probably influenced by <i>Rome</i>; cf. OF.
<i>romier</i> a pilgrim, originally, a pilgrim going to Rome, It.
<i>romeo</i>, Sp. <i>romero</i>.  Cf. <u>Ramble</u>.] <def>To go from
place to place without any certain purpose or direction; to rove; to
wander.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>roameth</i> to the carpenter's
house.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Daphne <i>roaming</i> through a thorny
wood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To wander; rove; range; stroll; ramble.</p>

<p><hw>Roam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To range or wander
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And now wild beasts came forth the woods to
<i>roam</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of roaming; a
wandering; a ramble; as, he began his <i>roam</i> o'er hill amd
dale.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roam"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who roams; a
wanderer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>rouan</i>; cf. Sp.
<i>roano</i>, <i>ruano</i>, It. <i>rovano</i>, <i>roano</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a bay, chestnut, brown, or black color,
with gray or white thickly interspersed; -- said of a horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give my <i>roan</i> a drench.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made of the leather called roan; as,
<i>roan</i> binding.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Roan antelope</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very
large South African antelope (<i>Hippotragus equinus</i>). It has long
sharp horns and a stiff bright brown mane. Called also <i>mahnya</i>,
<i>equine antelope</i>, and <i>bastard gemsbok</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Roan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
color of a roan horse; a roan color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A roan horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of leather used for slippers,
bookbinding, etc., made from sheepskin, tanned with sumac and colored
to imitate ungrained morocco.</def>  <i>DeColange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Roan tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Rowan
tree</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Roar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Roared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vvb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Roaring</u>.] [OE. <i>roren</i>, <i>raren</i>, AS.
<i>r&amacr;rian</i>; akin to G. <i>r&ouml;hten</i>, OHG.
<i>r&?;r&?;n</i>. &radic;112.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cry with a
full, loud, continued sound.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>To bellow, or utter a deep, loud cry, as a lion or other
beast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Roaring</i> bulls he would him make to
tame.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To cry loudly, as in pain, distress, or
anger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sole on the barren sands, the suffering chief<BR>
<i>Roared</i> out for anguish, and indulged his grief.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He scorned to <i>roar</i> under the impressions of a
finite anger.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a loud, confused sound, as winds,
waves, passing vehicles, a crowd of persons when shouting together, or
the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brazen throat of war had ceased to
<i>roar</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How oft I crossed where carts and coaches
<i>roar</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be boisterous; to be
disorderly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was a mad, <i>roaring</i> time, full of
extravagance.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To laugh out loudly and continuously; as,
the hearers <i>roared</i> at his jokes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make a loud noise in breathing, as
horses having a certain disease. See <u>Roaring</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Roaring boy</b></col>, <cd>a roaring, noisy fellow; -- name
given, at the latter end Queen Elizabeth's reign, to the riotous
fellows who raised disturbances in the street.</cd> "Two <i>roaring
boys</i> of Rome, that made all split." <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i> --
<col><b>Roaring forties</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a sailor's name
for the stormy tract of ocean between 40&deg; and 50&deg; north
latitude.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Roar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cry aloud; to
proclaim loudly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This last action will <i>roar</i> thy
infamy.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The sound of
roaring.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The deep, loud
cry of a wild beast; as, the <i>roar</i> of a lion.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cry of one in pain, distress, anger, or
the like.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A loud, continuous, and
confused sound; as, the <i>roar</i> of a cannon, of the wind, or the
waves; the <i>roar</i> of ocean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arm! arm! it is, it is the cannon's opening
<i>roar</i>!</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A boisterous outcry or shouting, as in
mirth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pit, boxes, and galleries were in a constant
<i>roar</i> of laughter.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roar"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, roars.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A riotous fellow; a roaring boy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lady to turn <i>roarer</i>, and break
glasses.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A horse subject to roaring.
See <u>Roaring</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The barn owl.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Roar"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
loud, deep, prolonged sound, as of a large beast, or of a person in
distress, anger, mirth, etc., or of a noisy congregation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An affection of the windpipe
of a horse, causing a loud, peculiar noise in breathing under
exertion; the making of the noise so caused. See <u>Roar</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roar"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a roaring
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roast</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Roasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Roasting</u>.] [OE. <i>rosten</i>, OF. <i>rostir</i>, F.
<i>r&ocirc;tir</i>; of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>r&omacr;sten</i>, G.
<i>r&ouml;sten</i>, fr. OHG. <i>r&omacr;st</i>, <i>r&omacr;sta</i>,
gridiron, G. <i>rost</i>; cf. AS. <i>hyrstan</i> to roast.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cook by exposure to radiant heat before a
fire; as, to <i>roast</i> meat on a spit, or in an oven open toward
the fire and having reflecting surfaces within; also, to cook in a
close oven.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cook by surrounding with hot embers,
ashes, sand, etc.; as, to <i>roast</i> a potato in ashes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In eggs boiled and <i>roasted</i> there is scarce
difference to be discerned.</blockquote> <i>BAcon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To dry and parch by exposure to heat; as,
to <i>roast</i> coffee; to <i>roast</i> chestnuts, or
peanuts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to heat to excess; to heat
violently; to burn.</def> "<i>Roasted</i> in wrath and fire."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To dissipate by heat the
volatile parts of, as ores.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To banter severely.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roast</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cook meat, fish, etc., by heat, as before the fire or in an
oven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He could <i>roast</i>, and seethe, and broil, and
fry.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To undergo the process of being
roasted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roast</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is roasted; a
piece of meat which has been roasted, or is suitable for being
roasted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fat swan loved he best of any <i>roost</i>
[roast].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To rule the roast</b></col>, <cd>to be at the head of
affairs.</cd> "The new-made duke that <i>rules the roast</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roast</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>roasted</i>.]
<def>Roasted; as, <i>roast</i> beef.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roast"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who roasts meat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance for roasting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pig, or other article of food fit for
roasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roast"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>, from
<u>Roast</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Roasting ear</b></col>, <cd>an ear of Indian corn at that
stage of development when it is fit to be eaten roasted.</cd> --
<col><b>Roasting jack</b></col>, <cd>a machine for turning a spit on
which meat is roasted.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; cf. Sp. <i>rob</i>, It.
<i>rob</i>, <i>robbo</i>, Pg. <i>robe</i>, <i>arrobe</i>, Ar.
<i>rubb</i>, <i>robb</i>, Per. <i>rub</i>.] <def>The inspissated juice
of ripe fruit, obtained by evaporation of the juice over a fire till
it acquires the consistence of a sirup. It is sometimes mixed with
honey or sugar.</def> [Written also <i>rhob</i>, and
<i>rohob</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Rob</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Robbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Robbing</u>.] [OF. <i>rober</i>, of German origin; cf. OHG.
<i>roub&?;n</i>, G. <i>rauben</i>, and OHG. <i>roub</i> robbing,
booty, G. <i>raub</i>. &radic;114.  See <u>Reave</u>,and cf.
<u>Robe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take (something) away from by
force; to strip by stealing; to plunder; to pillage; to steal
from.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who would <i>rob</i> a hermit of his weeds,<BR>
His few books, or his beads, or maple dish?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is <i>robbed</i>, not wanting what is
stolen,<BR>
Let him not know it, and he's not <i>robbed</i> at all.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To be executed for <i>robbing</i> a
church.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To take the property of (any
one) from his person, or in his presence, feloniously, and against his
will, by violence or by putting him in fear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of, or withhold from, unjustly
or injuriously; to defraud; as, to <i>rob</i> one of his rest, or of
his good name; a tree <i>robs</i> the plants near it of
sunlight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I never <i>robbed</i> the soldiers of their
pay.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rob</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take that which
belongs to another, without right or permission, esp. by
violence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am accursed to <i>rob</i> in that thief's
company.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rob"and</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Roperand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rob"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who robs; in
law, one who feloniously takes goods or money from the person of
another by violence or by putting him in fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some roving <i>robber</i> calling to his
fellows.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Thief; depredator; despoiler; plunderer; pillager;
rifler; brigang; freebooter; pirate. See <u>Thief</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Robber crab</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A purse crab</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any
hermit crab.</cd> -- <col><b>Robber fly</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>Same as <i>Hornet fly</i>, under <u>Hornet</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Robber gull</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a jager
gull.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rob"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Robberies</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>roberie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of robbing;
theft.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thieves for their <i>robbery</i> have authority<BR>
When judges steal themselves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The crime of robbing. See
<u>Rob</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Robbery</i>, in a strict sense, differs from
<i>theft</i>, as it is effected by force or intimidation, whereas
<i>theft</i> is committed by stealth, or privately.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Theft; depredation; spoliation; despoliation;
despoilment; plunder; pillage; rapine; larceny; freebooting;
piracy.</p>

<p><hw>Rob"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A
kind of package in which pepper and other dry commodities are
sometimes exported from the East Indies. The <i>robbin</i> of rice in
Malabar weighs about 84 pounds.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rob"bin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Ropeband</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Robe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL. <i>rauba</i> a
gown, dress, garment; originally, booty, plunder. See <u>Rob</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Rubbish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An outer garment; a dress of a rich, flowing, and elegant style
or make; hence, a dress of state, rank, office, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through tattered clothes small vices do appear;<BR>
<i>Robes</i> and furred gowns hide all.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A skin of an animal, especially, a skin of
the bison, dressed with the fur on, and used as a wrap.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Master of the robes</b></col>, <cd>an officer of the
English royal household (when the sovereign is a king) whose duty is
supposed to consist in caring for the royal robes.</cd> --
<col><b>Mistress of the robes</b></col>, <cd>a lady who enjoys the
highest rank of the ladies in the service of the English sovereign
(when a queen), and is supposed to have the care her robes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Robe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Robed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Robing</u>.] <def>To invest with a robe or robes; to dress; to
array; as, fields <i>robed</i> with green.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sage Chaldeans <i>robed</i> in white
appeared.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such was his power over the expression of his
countenance, that he could in an instant shake off the sternness of
winter, and <i>robe</i> it in the brightest smiles of
spring.</blockquote> <i>Wirt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Robe`-de-cham"bre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., lit., a
chamber gown.] <def>A dressing gown, or morning gown.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rob"erds*man</hw> (?), <hw>Rob"erts*man</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-men</b></plw>. (&?;) <i>(Old
Statutes of Eng.)</i> <def>A bold, stout robber, or night thief; --
said to be so called from <i>Robin</i> Hood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rob"ert</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<i>Herb Robert</i>, under <u>Herb</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rob"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Properly a pet name for
<i>Robert</i>, originally meaning, famebright; F., fron OHG.
<i>Roudperht</i>; <i>ruod</i> (in comp.; akin to AS. <i>hr&?;&?;</i>
glory, fame, Goth. <i>hr&?;peigs</i> victorius) + <i>beraht</i>
bright. See <u>Bright</u>, <u>Hob</u> a clown.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small European singing bird (<i>Erythacus
rubecula</i>), having a reddish breast; -- called also <i>robin
redbreast</i>, <i>robinet</i>, and <i>ruddock</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An American singing bird (<i>Merula
migratoria</i>), having the breast chestnut, or dull red. The upper
parts are olive-gray, the head and tail blackish. Called also <i>robin
redbreast</i>, and <i>migratory thrush</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Any one of several species of Australian warblers of the genera
<i>Petroica</i>, <i>Melanadrays</i>, and allied genera; as, the
scarlet-breasted <i>robin</i> (<i>Petroica mullticolor</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several Asiatic birds; as, the
Indian <i>robins</i>. See <i>Indian robin</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Beach robin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the robin
snipe, or knot. See <u>Knot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Blue-throated
robin</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Bluethroat</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Canada robin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cedar
bird.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden robin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the Baltimore oriole.</cd> -- <col><b>Ground robin</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the chewink.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian
robin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of
Asiatic saxoline birds of the genera <i>Thamnobia</i> and
<i>Pratincola</i>. They are mostly black, usually with some white on
the wings.</cd> -- <col><b>Magrie robin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an Asiatic singing bird (<i>Corsycus saularis</i>), having the
back, head, neck, and breast black glossed with blue, the wings black,
and the belly white.</cd> -- <col><b>Ragged robin</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Ragged</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Robin
accentor</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small Asiatic singing
bird (<i>Accentor rubeculoides</i>), somewhat resembling the European
robin.</cd> -- <col><b>Robin redbreast</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The European robin</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The American robin</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The American
bluebird.</cd> -- <col><b>Robin snipe</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The red-breasted snipe, or dowitcher</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The red-breasted sandpiper, or knot.</cd> --
<col><b>Robin's plantain</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Plantain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea robin</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of several species
of American gurnards of the genus <i>Prionotus</i>. They are excellent
food fishes. Called also <i>wingfish</i>. The name is also applied to
a European gurnard.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The red-breasted
merganser, or sheldrake</cd>. [Local, U.S.] -- <col><b>Water
robin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a redstart (<i>Ruticulla
fuliginosa</i>), native of India.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rob"i*net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The chaffinch; -- called
also <i>roberd</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The European
robin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A military engine formerly used for
throwing darts and stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rob"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of putting
on a robe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Robing room</b></col>, <cd>a room where official robes are
put on, as by judges, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rob"in Good"fel`low</hw> (?). <def>A celebrated fairy; Puck.
See <u>Puck</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ro*bin"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So called
after Jean <i>Robin</i>, a French herbalist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of leguminous trees including the common locust of North America
(<i>Robinia Pseudocacia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Rob"o*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>roborans</i>,
p. pr. See <u>Roborate</u>.] <def>Strengthening.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A strengthening medicine; a
tonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rob"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>roboratus</i>, p. pr. of <i>roborare</i> to strengthen, fr.
<i>robur</i>, <i>roboris</i>, strength.] <def>To give strength or
support to; to confirm.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rob`o*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>roboratio</i>.] <def>The act of strengthening.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Coles.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ro*bo"re*an</hw> (?), <hw>Ro*bo"re*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>roboreus</i>.] <def>Made of oak.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ro*bust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>robustus</i>
oaken, hard, strong, fr. <i>robur</i> strength, a very hard kind of
oak; cf. Skr. <i>rabhas</i> violence: cf. F. <i>robuste</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Evincing strength; indicating vigorous health;
strong; sinewy; muscular; vigorous; sound; as, a <i>robust</i> body;
<i>robust</i> youth; <i>robust</i> health.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1247 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Violent; rough; rude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While romp-loving miss<BR>
Is hauled about in gallantry <i>robust</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Requiring strength or vigor; as,
<i>robust</i> employment.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Strong; lusty; sinewy; sturdy; muscular; hale;
hearty; vigorous; forceful; sound.  -- <u>Robust</u>, <u>Strong</u>.
<i>Robust</i> means, literally, made of <i>oak</i>, and hence implies
great compactness and toughness of muscle, connected with a thick-set
frame and great powers of endurance. <i>Strong</i> denotes the power
of exerting great physical force. The <i>robust</i> man can bear heat
or cold, excess or privation, and toil on through every kind of
hardship; the <i>strong</i> man can lift a great weight, can give a
heavy blow, and a hard gripe. "<i>Robust</i>, tough sinews bred to
toil." <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then 'gan the villain wax so fierce and
<i>strong</i>,<BR>
<i>That nothing may sustain his furious force</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*bus"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>robusteus</i> of oak.] <def>Robust.</def> [Obs. or Humorous]  <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In Scotland they had handled the bishops in a more
<i>robustious</i> manner.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ro*bus"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ro*bus"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ro*bust"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a robust
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*bust"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being robust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. &amp; Per. <i>rokh</i> or
<i>rukh</i>.  Cf. <u>Rook</u> a castle.] <def>A monstrous bird of
Arabian mythology.</def> [Written also <i>rock</i>, and <i>rukh</i>.]
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roc"am*bole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] [Written also
<i>rokambole</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name of <i>Allium
Scorodoprasum</i> and <i>A. Ascalonium</i>, two kinds of garlic, the
latter of which is also called <i>shallot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roc*cel"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>roccellique</i>, fr. <i>roccelle</i> archil, It. &amp; NL.
<i>roccella</i>, fr. It. <i>rocca</i> a rock, because archil grows on
rock.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a dibasic
acid of the oxalic series found in archil (<i>Roccella tinctoria</i>,
etc.), and other lichens, and extracted as a white crystalline
substance C<sub>17</sub>H<sub>32</sub>O<sub>4</sub>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roc*cel"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A red dyestuff,
used as a substitute for cochineal, archil, etc.  It consists of the
sodium salt of a complex azo derivative of naphtol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rock</u>.]
<def>Rock.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roche" al`um</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A kind of alum
occuring in small fragments; -- so called from <i>Rocca</i>, in Syria,
whence alum is said to have been obtained; -- also called <i>rock
alum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roche"lime`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>roche</i>
rock + E. <i>lime</i>.] <def>Lime in the lump after it is burned;
quicklime.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ro*chelle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seaport town
in France.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rochelle powders</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Seidlitz
powders</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rochelle salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>the double tartrate of sodium and potassium, a white crystalline
substance. It has a cooling, saline, slightly bitter taste and is
employed as a mild purgative. It was discovered by Seignette, an
apothecary of Rochelle, and is called also <i>Seignete's
salt</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Roche" mou`ton`n&eacute;e"</hw> (?). [F., sheep-shaped rock.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>See <u>Sheepback</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roch"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. fr. OHG.
<i>rocch</i> coat, G. <i>rock</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>A linen garment resembling the surplise, but with narrower
sleeves, also without sleeves, worn by bishops, and by some other
ecclesiastical dignitaries, in certain religious ceremonies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They see no difference between an idler with a hat and
national cockade, and an idler in a cowl or in a
<i>rochet</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A frock or outer garment worn in the
thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of
R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roch"et</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably corrupted fr. F.
<i>rouget</i> the red gurnet, from <i>rouge</i> red. CF.
<u>Rouge</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The red gurnard, or gurnet.
See <u>Gurnard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roch"ing cask`</hw> (?). [Probably from F. <i>roche</i> a
rock.] <def>A tank in which alum is crystallized from a
solution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Roc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rocke</i>; akin to D.
<i>rok</i>, <i>rokken</i>, G. <i>rocken</i>, OHG. <i>roccho</i>, Dan.
<i>rok</i>, Icel. <i>rokkr</i>.  Cf. <u>Rocket</u> a firework.] <def>A
distaff used in spinning; the staff or frame about which flax is
arranged, and from which the thread is drawn in spinning.</def>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sad Clotho held the <i>rocke</i>, the whiles the
thread<BR>
By grisly Lachesis was spun with pain,<BR>
That cruel Atropos eftsoon undid.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>roke</i>, F.
<i>roche</i>; cf. Armor. <i>roc'h</i>, and AS. <i>rocc</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large concreted mass of stony material; a
large fixed stone or crag. See <u>Stone</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come one, come all! this <i>rock</i> shall fly<BR>
From its firm base as soon as I.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Any natural deposit forming
a part of the earth's crust, whether consolidated or not, including
sand, earth, clay, etc., when in natural beds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles a rock in firmness; a
defense; a support; a refuge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord is my <i>rock</i>, and my
fortress.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xxii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Anything which causes a disaster or
wreck resembling the wreck of a vessel upon a rock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The striped bass. See
under <u>Bass</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is frequently used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>rock</i>-bound, <i>rock</i>-built,
<i>rock</i>-ribbed, <i>rock</i>-roofed, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Rock alum</b></col>. [Probably so called by confusion with
F. <i>roche</i> a rock.] <cd>Same as <u>Roche alum</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rock barnacle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a barnacle
(<i>Balanus balanoides</i>) very abundant on rocks washed by
tides.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock bass</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The stripped bass</cd>. See under <u>Bass</u>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The goggle-eye.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>The cabrilla. Other species are also locally called <i>rock
bass</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock builder</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any species of animal whose remains contribute to the formation of
rocks, especially the corals and Foraminifera.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock
butter</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>native alum mixed with clay and
oxide of iron, usually in soft masses of a yellowish white color,
occuring in cavities and fissures in argillaceous slate.</cd> --
<col><b>Rock candy</b></col>, <cd>a form of candy consisting of
crystals of pure sugar which are very hard, whence the name.</cd> --
<col><b>Rock cavy</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Moco</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock cod</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small, often reddish or brown, variety of
the cod found about rocks andledges</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
California rockfish.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock cook</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A European wrasse
(<i>Centrolabrus exoletus</i>)</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
rockling.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock cork</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a
variety of asbestus the fibers of which are loosely interlaced. It
resembles cork in its texture.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock crab</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of large crabs of
the genus <i>Cancer</i>, as the two species of the New England coast
(<i>C. irroratus</i> and <i>C. borealis</i>). See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Cancer</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock cress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a name of several plants of the cress kind found on rocks, as
<i>Arabis petr&aelig;a</i>, <i>A. lyrata</i>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Rock crystal</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>limpid quartz. See
<u>Quartz</u>, and under <u>Crystal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock
dove</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the rock pigeon; -- called
also <i>rock doo</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock drill</b></col>, <cd>an
implement for drilling holes in rock; esp., a machine impelled by
steam or compressed air, for drilling holes for blasting, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Rock duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the harlequin
duck.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock eel</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Gunnel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock goat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a wild goat, or ibex.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock
hopper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a penguin of the genus
<i>Catarractes</i>. See under <u>Penguin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock
kangaroo</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Kangaroo</u>, and
<u>Petrogale</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock lobster</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of large spinose
lobsters of the genera <i>Panulirus</i> and <i>Palinurus</i>. They
have no large claws. Called also <i>spiny lobster</i>, and <i>sea
crayfish</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock meal</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a
light powdery variety of calcite occuring as an efflorescence.</cd> --
<col><b>Rock milk</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See <i>Agaric
mineral</i>, under <u>Agaric</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock moss</b></col>,
<cd>a kind of lichen; the cudbear. See <u>Cudbear</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rock oil</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Petroleum</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rock parrakeet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
Australian parrakeet (<i>Euphema petrophila</i>), which nests in holes
among the rocks of high cliffs. Its general color is yellowish olive
green; a frontal band and the outer edge of the wing quills are deep
blue, and the central tail feathers bluish green.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock
pigeon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the wild pigeon (<i>Columba
livia</i>) Of Europe and Asia, from which the domestic pigeon was
derived. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Pigeon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock
pipit</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See the Note under
<u>Pipit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock plover</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The black-bellied, or
whistling, plover</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The rock snipe.</cd> -
- <col><b>Rock ptarmigan</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an arctic
American ptarmigan (<i>Lagopus rupestris</i>), which in winter is
white, with the tail and lores black. In summer the males are grayish
brown, coarsely vermiculated with black, and have black patches on the
back.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock rabbit</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the hyrax. See <u>Cony</u>, and <u>Daman</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock
ruby</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a fine reddish variety of
garnet.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock salt</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>cloride
of sodium (common salt) occuring in rocklike masses in mines; mineral
salt; salt dug from the earth. In the United States this name is
sometimes given to salt in large crystals, formed by evaporation from
sea water in large basins or cavities.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock
seal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the harbor seal. See
<u>Seal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any species of Murex, Purpura, and allied genera.</cd> --
<col><b>Rock snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several large pythons; as, the royal <i>rock snake</i> (<i>Python
regia</i>) of Africa, and the <i>rock snake</i> of India (<i>P.
molurus</i>). The Australian rock snakes mostly belong to the allied
genus <i>Morelia</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock snipe</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the purple sandpiper (<i>Tringa
maritima</i>); -- called also <i>rock bird</i>, <i>rock plover</i>,
<i>winter snipe</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock soap</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a kind of clay having a smooth, greasy feel, and
adhering to the tongue.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock sparrow</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of several species
of Old World sparrows of the genus <i>Petronia</i>, as <i>P.
stulla</i>, of Europe.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A North American
sparrow (<i>Puc&aelig;a ruficeps</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Rock
tar</b></col>, <cd>petroleum.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock thrush</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any Old World thrush of the genus
<i>Monticola</i>, or <i>Petrocossyphus</i>; as, the European <i>rock
thrush</i> (<i>M. saxatilis</i>), and the blue <i>rock thrush</i> of
India (<i>M. cyaneus</i>), in which the male is blue throughout.</cd>
-- <col><b>Rock tripe</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of lichen
(<i>Umbilicaria Dillenii</i>) growing on rocks in the northen parts of
America, and forming broad, flat, coriaceous, dark fuscous or blackish
expansions. It has been used as food in cases of extremity.</cd> --
<col><b>Rock trout</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of marine food fishes of the genus <i>Hexagrammus</i>,
family <i>Chirad&aelig;</i>, native of the North Pacific coasts; --
called also <i>sea trout</i>, <i>boregat</i>, <i>bodieron</i>, and
<i>starling</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock warbler</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small Australian singing bird (<i>Origma
rubricata</i>) which frequents rocky ravines and water courses; --
called also <i>cataract bird</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rock wren</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of wrens of the
genus <i>Salpinctes</i>, native of the arid plains of Lower California
and Mexico.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rock</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rocked</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rocking</u>.] [AS. <i>roccian</i>; akin to Dan. <i>rokke</i> to
move, to snake; cf. Icel. <i>rukkja</i> to pull, move, G.
<i>r&uuml;cken</i> to move, push, pull.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to sway backward and forward, as a body resting on a support
beneath; as, to <i>rock</i> a cradle or chair; to cause to vibrate; to
cause to reel or totter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A rising earthquake <i>rocked</i> the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move as in a cradle; hence, to put to
sleep by rocking; to still; to quiet.</def> "Sleep <i>rock</i> thy
brain."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Rock</i> differs from <i>shake</i>, as denoting a slower,
less violent, and more uniform motion, or larger movements. It differs
from <i>swing</i>, which expresses a vibratory motion of something
suspended.</p>

<p><hw>Rock</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
move or be moved backward and forward; to be violently agitated; to
reel; to totter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rocking</i> town<BR>
Supplants their footsteps.</blockquote> <i>J. Philips .</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To roll or saway backward and forward upon
a support; as, to <i>rock</i> in a rocking-chair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock"a*way</hw> (?), [Probably from <i>Rockaway</i> beach,
where it was used.] <def>Formerly, a light, low, four-wheeled
carriage, with standing top, open at the sides, but having waterproof
curtains which could be let down when occasion required; now, a
somewhat similar, but heavier, carriage, inclosed, except in front,
and having a door at each side.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rock"e*lay</hw> (?), <hw>Rock"lay</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Rokelay</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Rock"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who rocks; specifically, one who rocks a cradle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was I, sir, said the <i>rocker</i>, who had the
honor, some thirty years since, to attend on your highness in your
infancy.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the curving pieces of wood or metal
on which a cradle, chair, etc., rocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any implement or machine working with a
rocking motion, as a trough mounted on rockers for separating gold
dust from gravel, etc., by agitation in water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A play horse on rockers; a rocking-
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A chair mounted on rockers; a rocking-
chair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A skate with a curved blade, somewhat
resembling in shape the rocker of a cradle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Rock
shaft</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rocker arm</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>an arm borne by a
rock shaft.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Rock"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Shaped like a rocker; curved; as, a <i>rockered</i>
keel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gardening)</i>
<def>A mound formed of fragments of rock, earth, etc., and set with
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>roquette</i> (cf.
Sp. <i>ruqueta</i>, It <i>ruchetta</i>), fr. L. <i>eruca</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cruciferous plant (<i>Eruca
sativa</i>) sometimes eaten in Europe as a salad.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Damewort.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Rocket larkspur. See below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dyer's Rocket</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Dyer's
broom</i>, under <u>Broom</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rocket
larkspur</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an annual plant with showy
flowers in long racemes (<i>Delphinium Ajacis</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Sea rocket</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>either of two fleshy
cruciferous plants (<i>Cakile maritima</i> and <i>C. Americana</i>)
found on the seashore of Europe and America.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow
rocket</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a common cruciferous weed with
yellow flowers (<i>Barbarea vulgaris</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rock"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>rocchetta</i>,
fr. <i>rocca</i> a distaff, of German origin. Named from the
resemblance in shape to a distaff. See <u>Rock</u> a distaff.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An artificial firework consisting of a
cylindrical case of paper or metal filled with a composition of
combustible ingredients, as niter, charcoal, and sulphur, and fastened
to a guiding stick. The rocket is projected through the air by the
force arising from the expansion of the gases liberated by combustion
of the composition. Rockets are used as projectiles for various
purposes, for signals, and also for pyrotechnic display.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blunt lance head used in the
joust.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Congreve rocket</b></col>, <cd>a powerful form of rocket
for use in war, invented by Sir William Congreve. It may be used
either in the field or for bombardment; in the former case, it is
armed with shells or case shot; in the latter, with a combustible
material inclosed in a metallic case, which is inextinguishable when
kindled, and scatters its fire on every side.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rock"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rocketed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rocketing</u>.] <i>(Sporting)</i> <def>To rise straight up; said of
birds; usually in the present participle or as an adjective.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An old cock pheasant came <i>rocketing</i> over
me.</blockquote> <i>H. R. Haggard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rock"et*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Sporting)</i>
<def>A bird, especially a pheasant, which, being flushed, rises
straight in the air like a rocket.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Rock"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several California
scorp&aelig;noid food fishes of the genus <i>Sebastichthys</i>, as the
red <i>rockfish</i> (<i>S. ruber</i>). They are among the most
important of California market fishes. Called also <i>rock cod</i>,
and <i>garrupa</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The striped bass.
See <u>Bass</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several
species of Florida and Bermuda groupers of the genus
<i>Epinephelus</i>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>An American fresh-
water darter; the log perch.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is locally applied to various other fishes.</p>

<p><hw>Rock"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Rocky</u>.]
<def>The state or quality of being rocky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a swaying,
rolling, or back-and-forth movement; used for rocking.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rocking shaft</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>See <u>Rock
shaft</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rock"ing-chair`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chair
mounted on rockers, in which one may rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock"ing-horse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The figure
of a horse, mounted upon rockers, for children to ride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock"ing-stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone,
often of great size and weight, resting upon another stone, and so
exactly poised that it can be rocked, or slightly moved, with but
little force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
rocks.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rock"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of small marine fishes of the genera <i>Onos</i> and
<i>Rhinonemus</i> (formerly <i>Motella</i>), allied to the cod. They
have three or four barbels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock"rose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name given to any species of the genus <i>Helianthemum</i>, low shrubs
or herbs with yellow flowers, especially the European <i>H.
vulgare</i> and the American frostweed, <i>H. Canadense</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cretan rockrose</b></col>, <cd>a related shrub (<i>Cistus
Creticus</i>), one of the plants yielding the fragrant gum called
<i>ladanum</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rock" shaft`</hw> (?). [Cf. <u>Rock</u>, <i>v. i.</i>]
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A shaft that oscillates on its journals, instead
of revolving, -- usually carrying levers by means of which it receives
and communicates reciprocating motion, as in the valve gear of some
steam engines; -- called also <i>rocker</i>, <i>rocking shaft</i>, and
<i>way shaft</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock" staff`</hw> (?). [Cf. <u>Rock</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>An oscillating bar in a machine, as the lever of
the bellows of a forge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock"suck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A lamprey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any coarse seaweed growing on sea-washed rocks, especially
Fucus.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1248 !></p>

<p><hw>Rock"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Ligniform asbestus; also, fossil wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Stonework in which the surface is left broken and
rough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gardening)</i> <def>A rockery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rock"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of, or abounding in, rocks; consisting of rocks; as, a
<i>rocky</i> mountain; a <i>rocky</i> shore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a rock; as, the <i>rocky</i> orb of a
shield.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Not easily impressed or affected;
hard; unfeeling; obdurate; as, a <i>rocky</i> bosom.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rocky Mountain locust</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the Western locust, or grasshopper. See <u>Grasshopper</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Rocky Mountain sheep</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Bighorn</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ro"coa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>rocou</i>,
<i>roicou</i>, Pg. &amp; Braz, <i>uruc&uacute;</i>.] <def>The orange-
colored pulp covering the seeds of the tropical plant <i>Bixa
Orellana</i>, from which annotto is prepared. See
<u>Annoto</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*co"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; of uncertain
etymology.] <def>A florid style of ornamentation which prevailed in
Europe in the latter part of the eighteenth century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*co"co</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the style called rococo; like rococo; florid; fantastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same word as
<i>rood</i>. See <u>Rood</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A straight and
slender stick; a wand; hence, any slender bar, as of wood or metal
(applied to various purposes).</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An instrument of punishment or correction; figuratively,
chastisement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that spareth his <i>rod</i> hateth his
son.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xiii. 24.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind of sceptor, or badge of office;
hence, figuratively, power; authority; tyranny; oppression.</def> "The
<i>rod</i>, and bird of peace." <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A support for a fishing line; a fish pole.</def> <i>Gay.</i>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Mach. &amp; Structure)</i> <def>A member used in
tension, as for sustaining a suspended weight, or in tension and
compression, as for transmitting reciprocating motion, etc.; a
connecting bar. </def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>An instrument for
measuring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measure of length containing sixteen and
a half feet; -- called also <i>perch</i>, and <i>pole</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black rod</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Rods and cones</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the elongated
cells or elements of the sensory layer of the retina, some of which
are cylindrical, others somewhat conical.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rod"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of rods or
twigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rod"dy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ruddy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rud</u>.]
<def>Redness; complexion.</def> [Obs.] "His <i>rode</i> was red."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rode</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Ride</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rode</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Rood</u>, the
cross.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rodens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>rodere</i> to gnaw. See <u>Rase</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Rostrum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Gnawing; biting; corroding; <i>(Med.)</i> applied to a
destructive variety of cancer or ulcer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Gnawing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Rodentia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"dent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of the Rodentia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ro*den"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Rodent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of mammals having two (rarely four) large incisor teeth in each jaw,
distant from the molar teeth. The rats, squirrels, rabbits, marmots,
and beavers belong to this order.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The incisor teeth are long, curved, and strongly enameled on
the outside, so as to keep a cutting edge. They have a persistent pulp
and grow continuously.</p>

<p><hw>||Ro*de"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [SP., a going round.]
<def>A round-up. See <u>Round-up</u>.</def> [Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Rodge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The gadwall.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Rod"o*mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; rose +
&?;&?;&?; honey.] <def>Juice of roses mixed with honey.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rod"o*mont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rodomont</i>,
It. <i>rodomonte</i>, fr. <i>Rodomonte</i>, <i>Rodamonte</i>, a
boasting hero in the "Orlando Furioso" of Ariosto, and the "Orlando
Innamorato" of Bojardo; properly, one who rolls away mountains; Prov.
It. <i>rodare</i> to roll away (fr. L. <i>rota</i> a wheel) + It.
<i>monte</i> a mountain, L. <i>mons</i>. See <u>Rotary</u>,
<u>Mount</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A vain or blustering boaster;
a braggart; a braggadocio.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rod"o*mont</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bragging; vainly
boasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rod`o*mon*tade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>rodomontana</i>. See <u>Rodomont</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Vain boasting; empty bluster or vaunting; rant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I could show that the <i>rodomontades</i> of Almanzor
are neither so irrational nor impossible.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rod`o*mon*tade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To boast; to
brag; to bluster; to rant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rod`o*mon*tad"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
boasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rod`o*mon*ta"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Rodomontade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rod`o*mon*ta"dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
rodomontadist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rods"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rodsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who carries and holds a
leveling staff, or rod, in a surveying party.</def>  <i>G. W.
Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ruddy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ro</i>, AS.
<i>r&amacr;h</i>; akin to D. <i>ree</i>, G. <i>reh</i>, Icel.
<i>r&amacr;</i>, SW. <i>r&aring;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A roebuck. See <u>Roebuck</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The female of any species of deer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>roan</i>, OE.
<i>rowne</i>, akin to G. <i>rogen</i>, OHG. <i>rogan</i>, Icel.
<i>hrogn</i>, Dan. <i>rogn</i>, <i>ravn</i>, Sw. <i>rom</i>; of
uncertain origin; cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?; pebble, Skr.
<i>&?;arkar&amacr;</i> gravel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The ova or spawn of fishes and amphibians, especially when still
inclosed in the ovarian membranes. Sometimes applied, loosely, to the
sperm and the testes of the male.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mottled appearance of light and shade in
wood, especially in mahogany.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roe"buck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>roe</i> +
<i>buck</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small European and Asiatic
deer (<i>Capreolus capr&aelig;a</i>) having erect, cylindrical,
branched antlers, forked at the summit. This, the smallest European
deer, is very nimble and graceful. It always prefers a mountainous
country, or high grounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Filled with roe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roe"deer`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The roebuck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roe"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>O&ouml;lite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rogatio</i>,
fr. <i>rogare</i>, <i>rogatum</i>, to ask, beg, supplicate: cf. F.
<i>rogation</i>.  Cf. <u>Abrogate</u>, <u>Arrogant</u>,
<u>Probogue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>The
demand, by the consuls or tribunes, of a law to be passed by the
people; a proposed law or decree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Litany;
supplication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He perfecteth the <i>rogations</i> or litanies before
in use.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rogation days</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the three days
which immediately precede Ascension <u>Day</u>; -- so called as being
days on which the people, walking in procession, sang litanies of
special supplication.</cd> -- <col><b>Rogation flower</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European species of milkwort (<i>Polygala
vulgaris</i>); -- so called from its former use for garlands in
Rogation week.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Rogation
week</b></col>, <cd>the second week before Whitsunday, in which the
Rogation days occur.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rog"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Rogation</u>.] <def>Seeking information; authorized to examine
witnesses or ascertain facts; as, a <i>rogatory</i> commission.</def>
<i>Woolsey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rogue</i> proud,
haughty, supercilious; cf. Icel. <i>hr&?;kr</i> a rook, croaker (cf.
<u>Rook</u> a bird), or Armor. <i>rok</i>, <i>rog</i>, proud,
arogant.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng.Law)</i> <def>A vagrant; an idle,
sturdy beggar; a vagabond; a tramp.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The phrase <i>rogues and vagabonds</i> is applied to a large
class of wandering, disorderly, or dissolute persons. They were
formerly punished by being whipped and having the gristle of the right
ear bored with a hot iron.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A deliberately dishonest person; a knave; a
cheat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rogue</i> and fool by fits is fair and
wise.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who is pleasantly mischievous or
frolicsome; hence, often used as a term of endearment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ah, you sweet little <i>rogue</i>, you!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An elephant that has separated from a herd
and roams about alone, in which state it is very savage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A worthless plant occuring
among seedlings of some choice variety.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rogues' gallery</b></col>, <cd>a collection of portraits of
rogues or criminals, for the use of the police authorities.</cd> --
<col><b>Rogue's march</b></col>, <cd>derisive music performed in
driving away a person under popular indignation or official sentence,
as when a soldier is drummed out of a regiment.</cd> --
<col><b>Rogue's yarn</b></col>, <cd>yarn of a different twist and
color from the rest, inserted into the cordage of the British navy, to
identify it if stolen, or for the purpose of tracing the maker in case
of defect. Different makers are required to use yarns of different
colors.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rogue</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wander; to play the
vagabond; to play knavish tricks.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rogue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
give the name or designation of rogue to; to decry.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>To destroy (plants that do
not come up to a required standard).</def></p>

<p><hw>Rogu"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The life of a vargant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The practices of a rogue; knavish tricks;
cheating; fraud; dishonest practices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis no scandal grown,<BR>
For debt and <i>roguery</i> to quit the town.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Arch tricks; mischievousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rogue"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being a rogue.</def> [Jocose] "Your <i>rogueship</i>."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rogu"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Vagrant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>roguish</i> madness<BR>
Allows itself to anything.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling, or characteristic of, a rogue;
knavish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pleasantly mischievous; waggish;
arch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most bewitching leer with her eyes, the most
<i>roguish</i> cast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Rogu"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rogu"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rogu"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Roguish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro"hob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inspissated
juice. See <u>Rob</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roi"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Royal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Roiled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Roiling</u>.] [Cf. OE. <i>roilen</i> to wander; possibly fr. OF.
<i>roeler</i> to roll, equiv. to F. <i>rouler</i>. See <u>Roll</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Rile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
render turbid by stirring up the dregs or sediment of; as, to
<i>roil</i> wine, cider, etc. , in casks or bottles; to <i>roil</i> a
spring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disturb, as the temper; to ruffle the
temper of; to rouse the passion of resentment in; to
perplex.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That his friends should believe it, was what
<i>roiled</i> him [Judge Jeffreys] exceedingly.</blockquote> <i>R.
North.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Provincial in England and colloquial in the United States. A
commoner, but less approved, form is <i>rile</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Roil</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
wander; to roam.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To romp.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roil"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Turbid; as,
<i>roily</i> water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Royne</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Roin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rogne</i>. See
<u>Roynish</u>.] <def>A scab; a scurf, or scurfy spot.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Roin"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Roynish</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Roint</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Aroint</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roist</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Roister</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roist"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Probably fr. F.
<i>rustre</i> boor, a clown, clownish, fr. L. <i>rustucus</i> rustic.
See <u>Rustic</u>.] <def>To bluster; to swagger; to bully; to be bold,
noisy, vaunting, or turbulent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a <i>roisting</i> challenge sent amongst<BR>
The dull and factious nobles of the Greeks.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roist"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Roisterer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roist"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blustering,
turbulent fellow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If two <i>roisterers</i> met, they cocked their hats in
each other faces.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roist"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Blustering;
violent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Roist"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a roistering
manner.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rok"am*bole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rocambole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Reek</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mist; smoke; damp</def> [Prov. Eng.] [Written
also <i>roak</i>, <i>rook</i>, and <i>rouk</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vein of ore.</def> [Pov.Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Roke"age</hw> (?), <hw>Rok"ee</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Nocake</u>.] <def>Parched Indian corn,
pounded up and mixed with sugar; -- called also <i>yokeage</i>.</def>
[Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Rok"e*lay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Roquelaure</u>.] <def>A short cloak.</def> [Written also
<i>rockelay</i>, <i>rocklay</i>, etc.] [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Rok"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Roke</u>.]
<def>Misty; foggy; cloudy.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>R&ocirc;le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Roll</u>.]
<def>A part, or character, performed by an actor in a drama; hence, a
part of function taken or assumed by any one; as, he has now taken the
<i>r&ocirc;le</i> of philanthropist.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Title r&ocirc;le</b></col>, <cd>the part, or character,
which gives the title to a play, as the part of Hamlet in the play of
that name.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Roll</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rolled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rolling</u>.] [OF. <i>roeler</i>, <i>roler</i>, F. <i>rouler</i>,
LL. <i>rotulare</i>, fr. L. <i>royulus</i>, <i>rotula</i>, a little
wheel, dim. of <i>rota</i> wheel; akin to G. <i>rad</i>, and to Skr.
<i>ratha</i> car, chariot.  Cf. <u>Control</u>, <u>Roll</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Rotary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause
to revolve by turning over and over; to move by turning on an axis; to
impel forward by causing to turn over and over on a supporting
surface; as, to <i>roll</i> a wheel, a ball, or a barrel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wrap round on itself; to form into a
spherical or cylindrical body by causing to turn over and over; as, to
<i>roll</i> a sheet of paper; to <i>roll</i> parchment; to <i>roll</i>
clay or putty into a ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bind or involve by winding, as in a
bandage; to inwrap; -- often with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>roll</i> up a
parcel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To drive or impel forward with an easy
motion, as of rolling; as, a river <i>rolls</i> its waters to the
ocean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flood of Catholic reaction was <i>rolled</i> over
Europe.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To utter copiously, esp. with sounding
words; to utter with a deep sound; -- often with <i>forth</i>, or
<i>out</i>; as, to <i>roll</i> forth some one's praises; to
<i>roll</i> out sentences.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>roll'd</i> the psalm to wintry
skies.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To press or level with a roller; to spread
or form with a roll, roller, or rollers; as, to <i>roll</i> a field;
to <i>roll</i> paste; to <i>roll</i> steel rails, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To move, or cause to be moved, upon, or by
means of, rollers or small wheels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To beat with rapid, continuous strokes, as
a drum; to sound a roll upon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>To apply (one line or
surface) to another without slipping; to bring all the parts of (one
line or surface) into successive contact with another, in suck manner
that at every instant the parts that have been in contact are
equal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To turn over in one's mind; to
revolve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full oft in heart he <i>rolleth</i> up and down<BR>
The beauty of these florins new and bright.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To roll one's self</b></col>, <cd>to wallow.</cd> --
<col><b>To roll the eye</b></col>, <cd>to direct its axis hither and
thither in quick succession.</cd> -- <col><b>To roll one's
r's</b></col>, <cd>to utter the letter <i>r</i> with a trill.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Roll</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
move, as a curved object may, along a surface by rotation without
sliding; to revolve upon an axis; to turn over and over; as, a ball or
wheel <i>rolls</i> on the earth; a body <i>rolls</i> on an inclined
plane.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And her foot, look you, is fixed upon a spherical
stone, which <i>rolls</i>, and <i>rolls</i>, and
<i>rolls</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move on wheels; as, the carriage
<i>rolls</i> along the street.</def> "The <i>rolling</i> chair."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be wound or formed into a cylinder or
ball; as, the cloth <i>rolls</i> unevenly; the snow <i>rolls</i>
well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fall or tumble; -- with <i>over</i>; as,
a stream <i>rolls</i> over a precipice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To perform a periodical revolution; to move
onward as with a revolution; as, the <i>rolling</i> year; ages
<i>roll</i> away.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To turn; to move circularly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And his red eyeballs <i>roll</i> with living
fire.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To move, as waves or billows, with
alternate swell and depression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What different sorrows did within thee
<i>roll</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To incline first to one side, then to the
other; to rock; as, there is a great difference in ships about
<i>rolling</i>; in a general semse, to be tossed about.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Twice ten tempestuous nights I
<i>rolled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To turn over, or from side to side, while
lying down; to wallow; as, a horse <i>rolls</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To spread under a roller or rolling-pin;
as, the paste <i>rolls</i> well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To beat a drum with strokes so rapid that
they can scarcely be distinguished by the ear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To make a loud or heavy rumbling noise;
as, the thunder <i>rolls</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To roll about</b></col>, <cd>to gad abroad.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Man shall not suffer his wife go <i>roll
about</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roll</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>r&ocirc;le</i> a roll
(in sense 3), fr. L. <i>rotulus &?;</i> little wheel, LL., a roll,
dim. of L. <i>rota</i> a wheel. See <u>Roll</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>R&ocirc;le</u>, <u>Rouleau</u>, <u>Roulette</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rolling, or state of being rolled;
as, the <i>roll</i> of a ball; the <i>roll</i> of waves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which rolls; a roller.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A heavy cylinder used to break
clods.</def> <i>Mortimer.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of a set of
revolving cylinders, or rollers, between which metal is pressed,
formed, or smoothed, as in a rolling mill; as, to pass rails through
the <i>rolls</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is rolled up; as, a <i>roll</i>
of fat, of wool, paper, cloth, etc.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A document written on a piece of parchment,
paper, or other materials which may be rolled up; a scroll.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Busy angels spread<BR>
The lasting <i>roll</i>, recording what we say.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1249 !></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hence, an official or public document; a
register; a record; also, a catalogue; a list.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rolls</i> of Parliament, the entry of the
petitions, answers, and transactions in Parliament, are
extant.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>roll</i> and list of that army doth
remain.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A quantity of cloth wound into a
cylindrical form; as, a <i>roll</i> of carpeting; a <i>roll</i> of
ribbon.</def>  <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A cylindrical twist of
tobacco.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kind of shortened raised biscuit or
bread, often rolled or doubled upon itself.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The oscillating movement of
a vessel from side to side, in sea way, as distinguished from the
alternate rise and fall of bow and stern called
<i>pitching</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A heavy, reverberatory sound; as, the
<i>roll of</i> cannon, or of thunder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The uniform beating of a drum with strokes
so rapid as scarcely to be distinguished by the ear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Part; office; duty; r&ocirc;le.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Long roll</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a prolonged roll of
the drums, as the signal of an attack by the enemy, and for the troops
to arrange themselves in line.</cd> -- <col><b>Master of the
rolls</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Master</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Roll
call</b></col>, <cd>the act, or the time, of calling over a list
names, as among soldiers.</cd> -- <col><b>Rolls of court</b></col>,
<col><b>of parliament</b></col> (or of any public body), <cd>the
parchments or rolls on which the acts and proceedings of that body are
engrossed by the proper officer, and which constitute the records of
such public body.</cd> -- <col><b>To call the roll</b></col>, <cd>to
call off or recite a list or roll of names of persons belonging to an
organization, in order to ascertain who are present or to obtain
responses from those present.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- List; schedule; catalogue; register; inventory. See
<u>List</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Roll"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
rolled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roll"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, rolls; especially, a cylinder, sometimes
grooved, of wood, stone, metal, etc., used in husbandry and the
arts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bandage; a fillet; properly, a long and
broad bandage used in surgery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of series of long, heavy
waves which roll in upon a coast, sometimes in calm weather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A long, belt-formed towel, to be suspended
on a rolling cylinder; -- called also <i>roller towel</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A cylinder coated with a
composition made principally of glue and molassess, with which forms
of type are inked previously to taking an impression from them.</def>
<i>W. Savage.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A long cylinder on which something is
rolled up; as, the <i>roller</i> of a man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A small wheel, as of a caster, a roller
skate, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>ANy insect whose larva
rolls up leaves; a leaf roller. see <u>Tortrix</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> [CF. F. <i>rollier</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of Old World picarian birds of the
family <i>Coraciad&aelig;</i>. The name alludes to their habit of
suddenly turning over or "tumbling" in flight.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many of the species are brilliantly colored. The common
European species (<i>Coracias garrula</i>) has the head, neck, and
under parts light blue varied with green, the scapulars chestnut
brown, and the tail blue, green, and black. The broad-billed rollers
of India and Africa belong to the genus <i>Eurystomus</i>, as the
oriental roller (<i>E. orientalis</i>), and the Australian roller, or
dollar bird (<i>E. Pacificus</i>). The latter is dark brown on the
head and neck, sea green on the back, and bright blue on the throat,
base of the tail, and parts of the wings. It has a silvery-white spot
on the middle of each wing.</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of small
ground snakes of the family <i>Tortricid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ground roller</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of Madagascar rollers belonging to <i>Atelornis</i>
and allied genera. They are nocturnal birds, and feed on the
ground.</cd> -- <col><b>Roller bolt</b></col>, <cd>the bar in a
carriage to which the traces are attached; a whiffletree.</cd> [Eng.]
-- <col><b>Roller gin</b></col>, <cd>a cotton gin inn which rolls are
used for separating the seeds from the fiber.</cd> -- <col><b>Roller
mill</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Mill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Roller
skate</b></col>, <cd>a skate which has small wheels in the place of
the metallic runner; -- designed for use in skating upon a smooth,
hard surface, other than ice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Roll"ey</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr.
<i>roll</i>.] <def>A small wagon used for the underground work of a
mine.</def> <i>Tomlison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rol"lic</hw> (r&obreve;l"l&ibreve;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rollicked</u> (-l&ibreve;kt);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Rollicking</u>.] [Corrupt. fr.
<i>frolic</i>, under the influence of <i>roll</i>.] <def>To move or
play in a careless, swaggering manner, with a frolicsome air; to
frolic; to sport; commonly in the form <i>rollicking</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He described his friends as <i>rollicking</i>
blades.</blockquote> <i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roll"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rotating on an axis, or moving along a surface by rotation;
turning over and over as if on an axis or a pivot; as, a
<i>rolling</i> wheel or ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moving on wheels or rollers, or as if on
wheels or rollers; as, a <i>rolling</i> chair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having gradual, rounded undulations of
surface; as, a <i>rolling</i> country; <i>rolling</i> land.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Rolling bridge</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Drawbridge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rolling circle of a paddle
wheel</b></col>, <cd>the circle described by the point whose velocity
equals the velocity of the ship.</cd> <i>J. Bourne.</i> --
<col><b>Rolling fire</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a discharge of
firearms by soldiers in line, in quick succession, and in the order in
which they stand.</cd> -- <col><b>Rolling friction</b></col>, <cd>that
resistance to motion experienced by one body rolling upon another
which arises from the roughness or other quality of the surfaces in
contact.</cd> -- <col><b>Rolling mill</b></col>, <cd>a mill furnished
with heavy rolls, between which heated metal is passed, to form it
into sheets, rails, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Rolling press</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A machine for calendering cloth by pressure
between revolving rollers</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A printing
press with a roller, used in copperplate printing.</cd> --
<col><b>Rolling stock</b></col>, or <col><b>Rolling plant</b></col>,
<cd>the locomotives and vehicles of a railway.</cd> -- <col><b>Rolling
tackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>tackle used to steady the yards
when the ship rolls heavily.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roll"ing-pin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cylindrical
piece of wood or other material, with which paste or dough may be
rolled out and reduced to a proper thickness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roll"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place prepared
for rolling logs into a stream.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roll"y-po`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
pudding made of paste spread with fruit, rolled into a cylindrical
form, and boiled or steamed.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped
like a rolly-poly; short and stout.</def> [Written also <i>roly-
poly</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Roll"y-pool`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <def>A game in which a ball, rolling into a certain place,
wins.</def> [Written also <i>rouly-pouly</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ro"ly-po`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Rolly-
poly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rom"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rummage</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*ma"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NGr. &?;&?;&?;&?;: cf.
F. <i>roma&iuml;que</i>. See <u>Roman</u>.] <def>Of or relating to
modern Greece, and especially to its language.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The modern Greek language, now usually
called by the Greeks <i>Hellenic</i> or <i>Neo-Hellenic</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Greeks at the time of the capture of Constantinople were
proud of being <grk>"Romai^oi</grk>, or Romans . . . Hence the term
<i>Romaic</i> was the name given to the popular language. . . . The
Greek language is now spoken of as the Hellenic language.  <i>Encyc.
Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Romanus</i>, fr.
<i>Roma</i> Rome: cf. F. <i>romain</i>.  Cf. <u>Romaic</u>,
<u>Romance</u>, <u>Romantic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to Rome, or the Roman people; like or characteristic of
Rome, the Roman people, or things done by Romans; as, <i>Roman</i>
fortitude; a <i>Roman</i> aqueduct; <i>Roman</i> art.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Roman Catholic
religion; professing that religion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Upright; erect; -- said of the letters or kind of type ordinarily
used, as distinguished from <i>Italic</i> characters.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Expressed in letters, not in figures, as I.,
IV., i., iv., etc.; -- said of numerals, as distinguished from the
<i>Arabic</i> numerals, 1, 4, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Roman alum</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a cubical
potassium alum formerly obtained in large quantities from Italian
alunite, and highly valued by dyers on account of its freedom from
iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Roman balance</b></col>, <cd>a form of balance
nearly resembling the modern steelyard. See the Note under
<u>Balance</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Roman
candle</b></col>, <cd>a kind of firework (generally held in the hand),
characterized by the continued emission of shower of sparks, and the
ejection, at intervals, of brilliant balls or stars of fire which are
thrown upward as they become ignited.</cd> -- <col><b>Roman
Catholic</b></col>, <cd>of, pertaining to, or the religion of that
church of which the pope is the spiritual head; as, a <i>Roman
Catholic</i> priest; the <i>Roman Catholic</i> Church.</cd> --
<col><b>Roman cement</b></col>, <cd>a cement having the property of
hardening under water; a species of hydraulic cement.</cd> --
<col><b>Roman law</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Law</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Roman nose</b></col>, <cd>a nose somewhat aquiline.</cd> --
<col><b>Roman ocher</b></col>, <cd>a deep, rich orange color,
transparent and durable, used by artists.</cd> <i>Ure.</i> --
<col><b>Roman order</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the composite order.
See <u>Composite</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ro"man</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native, or permanent resident, of Rome; a citizen of Rome, or one upon
whom certain rights and privileges of a Roman citizen were
conferred.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Roman type, letters, or print,
collectively; -- in distinction from <i>Italics</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*mance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>romance</i>,
<i>romant</i>, <i>romaunt</i>, OF. <i>romanz</i>, <i>romans</i>,
<i>romant</i>, <i>roman</i>, F. <i>roman</i>, <i>romance</i>, fr. LL.
<i>Romanice</i> in the Roman language, in the vulgar tongue, <i>i.
e.</i>, in the vulgar language which sprang from Latin, the language
of the Romans, and hence applied to fictitious compositions written in
this vulgar tongue; fr. L. <i>Romanicus</i> Roman, fr. <i>Romanus</i>.
See <u>Roman</u>, and cf. <u>Romanic</u>, <u>Romaunt</u>,
<u>Romansch</u>, <u>Romanza</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A species of
fictitious writing, originally composed in meter in the Romance
dialects, and afterward in prose, such as the tales of the court of
Arthur, and of Amadis of Gaul; hence, any fictitious and wonderful
tale; a sort of novel, especially one which treats of surprising
adventures usually befalling a hero or a heroine; a tale of
extravagant adventures, of love, and the like.</def> "<i>Romances</i>
that been royal."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon these three columns -- chivalry, gallantry, and
religion -- repose the fictions of the Middle Ages, especially those
known as <i>romances</i>. These, such as we now know them, and such as
display the characteristics above mentioned, were originally metrical,
and chiefly written by nations of the north of France.</blockquote>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An adventure, or series of extraordinary
events, resembling those narrated in romances; as, his courtship, or
his life, was a <i>romance</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dreamy, imaginative habit of mind; a
disposition to ignore what is real; as, a girl full of
<i>romance</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The languages, or rather the several
dialects, which were originally forms of popular or vulgar Latin, and
have now developed into Italian. Spanish, French, etc. (called the
<i>Romanic languages</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short lyric tale set to
music; a song or short instrumental piece in ballad style; a
romanza.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fable; novel; fiction; tale.</p>

<p><hw>Ro*mance"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the language or dialects known as <i>Romance</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*mance"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Romanced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Romancing</u> (?).] <def>To write or tell romances; to indulge in
extravagant stories.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A very brave officer, but apt to
<i>romance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*man"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
romances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*man"cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
romancer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ro*man"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Romantic.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ro`man*esque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>romanesque</i>; cf. It. <i>romanesco</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Somewhat resembling the Roman; -- applied
sometimes to the debased style of the later Roman empire, but esp. to
the more developed architecture prevailing from the 8th century to the
12th.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to romance or fable;
fanciful.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Romanesque style</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>that which
grew up from the attempts of barbarous people to copy Roman
architecture and apply it to their own purposes. This term is loosely
applied to all the styles of Western Europe, from the fall of the
Western Roman Empire to the appearance of Gothic
architecture.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ro`man*esque"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Romanesque
style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*man"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Romanicus</i>.
See <u>Romance</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to Rome or its people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to any or all of the
various languages which, during the Middle Ages, sprung out of the old
Roman, or popular form of Latin, as the Italian, Spanish, Portuguese,
French, Provencal, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Related to the Roman people by descent; --
said especially of races and nations speaking any of the Romanic
tongues.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Romanic spelling</b></col>, <cd>spelling by means of the
letters of the Roman alphabet, as in English; -- contrasted with
<i>phonetic spelling</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ro"man*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
Romanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"man*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tenets of
the Church of Rome; the Roman Catholic religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"man*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who adheres to
Romanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"man*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Romanized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Romanizing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To Latinize; to fill
with Latin words or idioms.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To convert to the Roman Catholic
religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"man*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To use Latin words and idioms.</def> "Apishly <i>Romanizing</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To conform to Roman Catholic opinions,
customs, or modes of speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"man*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
Romanizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*mansch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Grisons
<i>rumansch</i>, <i>rumonsch</i>, <i>romonsch</i>. See
<u>Romance</u>.] <def>The language of the Grisons in Switzerland, a
corruption of the Latin.</def> [Written also <i>Romansch</i>, and
<i>Rumonsch</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ro*mant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A romaunt.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ro*man"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>romantique</i>, fr. OF. <i>romant</i>. See <u>Romance</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to romance; involving or
resembling romance; hence, fanciful; marvelous; extravagant; unreal;
as, a <i>romantic</i> tale; a <i>romantic</i> notion; a
<i>romantic</i> undertaking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can anything in nature be imagined more profane and
impious, more absurd, and undeed <i>romantic</i>, than such a
persuasion?</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Zeal for the good of one's country a party of men have
represented as chimerical and <i>romantic</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Entertaining ideas and expectations suited
to a romance; as, a <i>romantic</i> person; a <i>romantic</i>
mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the style of the
Christian and popular literature of the Middle Ages, as opposed to the
classical antique; of the nature of, or appropriate to, that style;
as, the <i>romantic</i> school of poets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by strangeness or variety;
suggestive of adventure; suited to romance; wild; picturesque; --
applied to scenery; as, a <i>romantic</i> landscape.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sentimental; fanciful; fantastic; fictitious;
extravagant; wild; chimerical. See <u>Sentimental</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>The romantic drama</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Drama</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ro*man"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Romantic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*man"tic*al*y</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a romantic
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*man"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. It.
<i>romanticismo</i>, F. <i>romantisme</i>, <i>romanticisme</i>.]
<def>A fondness for romantic characteristics or peculiarities;
specifically, in modern literature, an aiming at romantic effects; --
applied to the productions of a school of writers who sought to revive
certain medi&?;val forms and methods in opposition to the so-called
classical style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Lessing] may be said to have begun the revolt from
pseudo-classicism in poetry, and to have been thus unconsciously the
founder of <i>romanticism</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*man"ti*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
advocates romanticism in modern literature.</def>  <i>J. R.
Seeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*man"tic*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Romantically.</def> [R.]  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*man"tic*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being romantic; widness; fancifulness.</def>
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rom"a*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gypsy <i>romano</i>,
<i>romani</i>, adj., gypsy; cf. <i>rom</i> husband.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gypsy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language spoken among themselves by the
gypsies.</def> [Written also <i>Rommany</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ro*man"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>See
<u>Romance</u>, 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*maunt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Romance</u>.]
<def>A romantic story in verse; as, the "<i>Romaunt</i> of the
Rose."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, hearken, loving hearts and bold,<BR>
Unto my wild <i>romaunt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rom"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v.& n.</i></pos> <def>Rumble.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rom*bow"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Old, condemned canvas, rope, etc.,
unfit for use except in chafing gear.</def> [Written also
<i>rumbowline</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ro"me*ine</hw> (?), <hw>Ro"me*ite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rom&eacute;ine</i>. So calledafter the
French mineralogist <i>Rom&eacute;</i> L'Isle.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral of a hyacinth or honey-yellow color, occuring in square
octahedrons. It is an antimonate of calcium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rome"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Rummer</u>.]
<def>A drinking cup.</def> [Written also <i>romkin</i>.] [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rome" pen`ny</hw> (?), or <hw>Rome" scot`</hw> (?) }.
<def>See <i>Peter pence</i>, under <u>Peter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rome"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward Rome, or
toward the Roman Catholic Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rome"ward</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending or directed
toward Rome, or toward the Roman Catholic Church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To analyze the crisis in its Anglican rather than in
its <i>Romeward</i> aspect.</blockquote> <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A method of notation
for all spoken sounds, proposed by Mr. Sweet; -- so called because it
is based on the common <i>Roman</i>-letter alphabet. It is like the
pal&aelig;otype of Mr. Ellis in the general plan, but
simpler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rom"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging or
relating to Rome, or to the Roman Catholic Church; -- frequently used
in a disparaging sense; as, the <i>Romish</i> church; the
<i>Romish</i> religion, ritual, or ceremonies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rom"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Roman Catholic.</def>
[R.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Romp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Romped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Romping</u>.] [A variant of <i>ramp</i>. See <u>Ramp</u> to leap,
<u>Rampallian</u>.] <def>To play rudely and boisterously; to leap and
frisk about in play.</def></p>

<p><hw>Romp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A girl
who indulges in boisterous play.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1250 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rude, boisterous play or frolic; rough
sport.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While <i>romp</i>-loving miss<BR>
Is hauled about in gallantry robust.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Romp"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to romp;
indulging in romps.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A little <i>romping</i> girl from boarding
school.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Romp"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a romping
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Romp"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to rude play;
inclined to romp.</def></p>

<p>--- <wf>Romp"ish</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Romp"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rom"pu</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>rompu</i>, p. p.
of <i>rompre</i> to breeak, L. <i>rumpere</i>. See <u>Rupture</u>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Broken, as an ordinary; cut off, or broken at the
top, as a chevron, a bend, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ron`ca*dor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., a snorer, fr.
<i>roncar</i> to snore. So called in allusion to the grunting noise
made by them on being taken from the water. ] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of California sci&aelig;noid food
fishes, especially <i>Roncador Stearnsi</i>, which is an excellent
market fish, and the red roncador (<i>Corvina, or Johnius,
saturna</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ron"chil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>ronquillo</i> slightly hoarse.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
American marine food fish (<i>Bathymaster signatus</i>) of the North
Pacific coast, allied to the tilefish.</def> [Written also
<i>ronquil</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ron"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>ronco</i>
hoarse.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Croaker</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def> [Texas]</p>

<p><hw>||Ron`dache"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Anc.
Armor.)</i> <def>A circular shield carried by foot soldiers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ronde</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Print.)</i>
<def>A kind of script in which the heavy strokes are nearly upright,
giving the characters when taken together a round look.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ron*deau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Roundel</u>.] [Written also <i>rondo</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A species of lyric poetry so composed as to contain a refrain or
repetition which recurs according to a fixed law, and a limited number
of rhymes recurring also by rule.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When the <i>rondeau</i> was called the <i>rondel</i> it was
mostly written in fourteen octosyllabic lines of two rhymes, as in the
<i>rondels</i> of Charles d'Orleans. . . . In the 17th century the
approved form of the <i>rondeau</i> was a structure of thirteen verses
with a refrain.  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See <u>Rondo</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ron"del</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Rondeau</u>,
<u>Roundel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A small round
tower erected at the foot of a bastion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as
<u>Rondeau</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Specifically, a
particular form of rondeau containing fourteen lines in two rhymes,
the refrain being a repetition of the first and second lines as the
seventh and eighth, and again as the thirteenth and fourteenth.</def>
<i>E. W. Gosse.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ron`de*le"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named
after William <i>Rondelet</i>, a French naturalist.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A tropical genus of rubiaceous shrubs which often have brilliant
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ron"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Rondel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rondeau.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A round mass, plate, or disk; especially
<i>(Metal.)</i>, the crust or scale which forms upon the surface of
molten metal in the crucible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ron"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>rond&ograve;</i>,
fr. F. <i>rondeau</i>. See <u>Rondeau</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A composition, vocal or instrumental, commonly of a
lively, cheerful character, in which the first strain recurs after
each of the other strains.</def> "The <i>Rondo</i>-form was the
earliest and most frequent definite mold for musical construction."
<i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Poetry)</i> <def>See <u>Rondeau</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ron"dure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>rondeur</i>
roundness.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A round; a circle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Roundness; plumpness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>High-kirtled for the chase, and what was shown<BR>
Of maiden <i>rondure</i>, like the rose half-blown.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rong</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Ring</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rong</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rung (of a ladder).</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ron`geur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>ronger</i> to gnaw.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument for removing
small rough portions of bone.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ron"ion</hw>, <hw>Ron"yon</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>rogne</i> scab, mange.] <def>A mangy or scabby
creature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Aroint thee, with!" the rump-fed <i>ronyon</i>
cries.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ron"ne</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. imp. pl.</i></pos></def>,
and <hw>Ron"nen</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>obs. p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Renne</u>, to run.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ront</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Runt</u>.] <def>A
runt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rood</hw> (r&oomac;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>r&omacr;d</i> a cross; akin to OS. <i>r&omacr;da</i>, D.
<i>roede</i> rod, G. <i>ruthe</i>, <i>rute</i>, OHG. <i>ruota</i>.
Cf. <u>Rod</u> a measure.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A representation in
sculpture or in painting of the cross with Christ hanging on
it.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Generally, the Trinity is represented, the Father as an
elderly man fully clothed, with a nimbus around his head, and holding
the cross on which the Son is represented as crucified, the Holy
Spirit descending in the form of a dove near the Son's head. Figures
of the Virgin Mary and of St. John are often placed near the principal
figures.</p>

<p><blockquote>Savior, in thine image seen<BR>
Bleeding on that precious <i>rood</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measure of five and a half yards in
length; a rod; a perch; a pole.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The fourth part of an acre, or forty square
rods.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By the rood</b></col>, <cd>by the cross; -- a phrase
formerly used in swearing.</cd> "No, <i>by the rood</i>, not so."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Rood beam</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a beam
across the chancel of a church, supporting the rood.</cd> --
<col><b>Rood loft</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a loft or gallery, in
a church, on which the rood and its appendages were set up to
view.</cd> <i>Gwilt.</i> -- <col><b>Rood screen</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a screen, between the choir and the body of the
church, over which the rood was placed.</cd> <i>Fairholt.</i> --
<col><b>Rood tower</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a tower at the
intersection of the nave and transept of a church; -- when crowned
with a spire it was called also <i>rood steeple</i>.</cd>
<i>Weale.</i> -- <col><b>Rood tree</b></col>, <cd>the cross.</cd>
[Obs.] "Died upon the <i>rood tree</i>." <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roo"de*bok</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>rood</i> red +
<i>bok</i> buck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pallah.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rood"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rank in
growth.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Roof</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rof</i>, AS.
<i>hr&?;f</i> top, roof; akin to D. <i>roef</i> cabin, Icel.
<i>hr&?;f</i> a shed under which ships are built or kept; cf. OS.
<i>hr&?;st</i> roof, Goth. <i>hr&?;t</i>.  Cf. <u>Roost</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The cover of any building,
including the roofing (see <u>Roofing</u>) and all the materials and
construction necessary to carry and maintain the same upon the walls
or other uprights. In the case of a building with vaulted ceilings
protected by an outer roof, some writers call the vault the
<i>roof</i>, and the outer protection the <i>roof mask</i>. It is
better, however, to consider the vault as the ceiling only, in cases
where it has farther covering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles, or corresponds to,
the covering or the ceiling of a house; as, the <i>roof</i> of a
cavern; the <i>roof</i> of the mouth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flowery <i>roof</i><BR>
Showered roses, which the morn repaired.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>The surface or bed of rock
immediately overlying a bed of coal or a flat vein.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bell roof</b></col>, <col><b>French roof</b></col>,
<cd>etc. <i>(Arch.)</i> See under <u>Bell</u>, <u>French</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Flat roof</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A roof actually horizontal and level, as in
some Oriental buildings</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A roof nearly
horizontal, constructed of such material as allows the water to run
off freely from a very slight inclination.</cd> -- <col><b>Roof
plate</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See <u>Plate</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 10.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Roof</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Roofed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Roofing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a
roof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not seen the remains of any Roman buildings that
have not been <i>roofed</i> with vaults or arches.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inclose in a house; figuratively, to
shelter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here had we now our country's honor
<i>roofed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roof"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who puts on
roofs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roof"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of covering with a roof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The materials of which a roof is composed;
materials for a roof.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the roof itself; figuratively,
shelter.</def> "Fit <i>roofing</i> gave."  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The wedging, as of a horse
or car, against the top of an underground passage.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roof"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having no roof; as, a <i>roofless</i> house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no house or home; shelterless;
homeless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roof"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small roof,
covering, or shelter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roof"tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The beam in the
angle of a roof; hence, the roof itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now for me the woods may wither, now for me the
<i>rooftree</i> fall.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roof`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having roofs.</def>
[R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rook</hw> (r&oocr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Mist; fog. See
<u>Roke</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rook</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To squat; to
ruck.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rook</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>roc</i> (cf. Sp.
<i>roque</i>), fr. Per. &amp; Ar. <i>rokh</i>, or <i>rukh</i>, the rook or
castle at chess, also the bird <i>roc</i> (in this sense perhaps a
different word); cf. Hind. <i>rath</i> a war chariot, the castle at
chess, Skr. <i>ratha</i> a car, a war car.  Cf. <u>Roll</u>.]
<i>(Chess)</i> <def>One of the four pieces placed on the corner
squares of the board; a castle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rook</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hr&omacr;c</i>; akin to
OHG. <i>hruoh</i>, <i>ruoh</i>, <i>ruoho</i>, Icel.
<i>hr&omacr;kr</i>, Sw. <i>roka</i>, Dan. raage; cf. Goth.
<i>hrukjan</i> to crow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
European bird (<i>Corvus frugilegus</i>) resembling the crow, but
smaller. It is black, with purple and violet reflections. The base of
the beak and the region around it are covered with a rough, scabrous
skin, which in old birds is whitish. It is gregarious in its habits.
The name is also applied to related Asiatic species.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>The rook</i> . . . should be treated as the farmer's
friend.</blockquote> <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trickish, rapacious fellow; a cheat; a
sharper.</def>  <i>Wycherley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rook</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rooked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rooking</u>.] <def>To cheat; to defraud by cheating.</def> "A band
of <i>rooking</i> officials."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rook"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rookeries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
breeding place of a colony of rooks; also, the birds themselves.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A breeding place of other gregarious birds,
as of herons, penguins, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The breeding ground of seals, esp. of the
fur seals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A dilapidated building with many rooms and
occupants; a cluster of dilapidated or mean buildings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A brothel.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Rook"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Roky</u>.] <def>Misty; gloomy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Light thickens, and the crow<BR>
Makes wing to the <i>rooky</i> wood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Some make this Shakespearean word mean "abounding in
rooks."</p>

<p><hw>Room</hw> (r&oomac;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>roum</i>,
<i>rum</i>, space, AS. <i>r&umacr;m</i>; akin to OS., OFries. &amp; Icel.
<i>r&umacr;m</i>, D. <i>ruim</i>, G. <i>raum</i>, OHG.
<i>r&umacr;m</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>rum</i>, Goth. <i>r&umacr;ms</i>, and
to AS. <i>r&umacr;m</i>, adj., spacious, D. <i>ruim</i>, Icel.
<i>r&umacr;mr</i>, Goth. <i>r&umacr;ms</i>; and prob. to L. <i>rus</i>
country (cf. <u>Rural</u>), Zend <i>rava&ndot;h</i> wide, free, open,
<i>ravan</i> a plain.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unobstructed spase;
space which may be occupied by or devoted to any object; compass;
extent of place, great or small; as, there is not <i>room</i> for a
house; the table takes up too much <i>room</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord, it is done as thou hast commanded, and yet there
is <i>room</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke xiv. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was no <i>room</i> for them in the
inn.</blockquote> <i>Luke ii. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particular portion of space appropriated
for occupancy; a place to sit, stand, or lie; a seat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he have but twelve pence in his purse, he will give
it for the best <i>room</i> in a playhouse.</blockquote>
<i>Overbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When thou art bidden of any man to a wedding, sit not
down in the highest <i>room</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke xiv. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Especially, space in a building or ship
inclosed or set apart by a partition; an apartment or
chamber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I found the prince in the next
<i>room</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Place or position in society; office; rank;
post; station; also, a place or station once belonging to, or occupied
by, another, and vacated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When he heard that Archelaus did reign in Judea in the
<i>room</i> of his father Herod.</blockquote> <i>Matt. ii. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither that I look for a higher <i>room</i> in
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let Bianca take her sister's <i>room</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Possibility of admission; ability to admit;
opportunity to act; fit occasion; as, to leave <i>room</i> for
hope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was no prince in the empire who had <i>room</i>
for such an alliance.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Room and space</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>the
distance from one side of a rib to the corresponding side of the next
rib; <i>space</i> being the distance between two ribs, in the clear,
and <i>room</i> the width of a rib.</cd> -- <col><b>To give
room</b></col>, <cd>to withdraw; to leave or provide space unoccupied
for others to pass or to be seated.</cd> -- <col><b>To make
room</b></col>, <cd>to open a space, way, or passage; to remove
obstructions; to give room.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Make room</i>, and let him stand before our
face.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Space; compass; scope; latitude.</p>

<p><hw>Room</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Roomed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rooming</u>.] <def>To occupy a room or rooms; to lodge; as, they
arranged to <i>room</i> together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Room</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>r&umacr;m</i>.]
<def>Spacious; roomy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>roomer</i> harbour in the place.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Room"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Room</u>. CF.
<u>Rummage</u>.] <def>Space; place; room.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Room"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lodger.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Room"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Room</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>At a greater distance; farther off.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir J. Harrington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Room"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
room or rooms; roomy.</def> "A <i>roomful</i> house." [R.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Room"ful</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Roomfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much or many as a room will
hold; as, a <i>roomful</i> of men.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Room"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Spaciously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Room"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being roomy; spaciousness; as, the <i>roominess</i> of a
hall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Room"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without room or
rooms.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Room"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of twe or
more occupying the same room or rooms; one who shares the occupancy of
a room or rooms; a chum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Room"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Roomy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roomth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Room; space.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roomth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Roomy;
spacious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Room"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having ample room;
spacious; large; as, a <i>roomy</i> mansion; a <i>roomy</i>
deck.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roon</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Vermilion red;
red.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her face was like the lily <i>roon</i>.</blockquote>
<i>J. R. Drake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Roup</u>.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Roor"back</hw>, <hw>Roor"bach</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A defamatory forgery or falsehood published
for purposes of political intrigue.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p>&fist; The word originated in the election canvass of 1844, when
such a forgery was published, to the detriment of James K. Polk, a
candidate for President, purporting to be an extract from the "Travels
of Baron <i>Roorbach</i>."</p>

<p><hw>Roo"sa oil`</hw> (?). <def>The East Indian name for grass oil.
See under <u>Grass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roost</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Roast.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roost</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Roust</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Roost</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hr&omacr;st</i>; akin
to OD. <i>roest</i> roost, <i>roesten</i> to roost, and probably to E.
<i>roof</i>.  Cf. <u>Roof</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The pole or
other support on which fowls rest at night; a perch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He clapped his wings upon his
<i>roost</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of fowls roosting
together.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At roost</b></col>, <cd>on a perch or roost; hence, retired
to rest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Roost</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Roosted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Roosting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sit, rest, or sleep, as
fowls on a pole, limb of a tree, etc.; to perch.</def>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.; To lodge; to rest; to
sleep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, let me where thy roof my soul hath hid,<BR>
O, let me <i>roost</i> and nestle there.</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roost"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The male of the
domestic fowl; a cock.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roost"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The male of the
domestic fowl; a cock.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor, when they [the Skinners and Cow Boys] wrung the
neck of a <i>rooster</i>, did they trouble their heads whether he
crowed for Congress or King George.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Root</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>wr&omacr;tan</i>; akin to <i>wr&omacr;t</i> a snout, trunk, D.
<i>wroeten</i> to root, G. <i>r&uuml;ssel</i> snout, trunk, proboscis,
Icel. <i>r&omacr;ta</i> to root, and perhaps to L. <i>rodere</i> to
gnaw (E. <i>rodent</i>) or to E. <i>root</i>, n.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To turn up the earth with the snout, as swine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to seek for favor or advancement by
low arts or groveling servility; to fawn servilely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Root</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn up or to dig
out with the snout; as, the swine <i>roots</i> the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Root</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>r&omacr;t</i> (for
<i>vr&omacr;t</i>); akin to E. <i>wort</i>, and perhaps to <i>root</i>
to turn up the earth. See <u>Wort</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The underground portion of a
plant, whether a true root or a tuber, a bulb or rootstock, as in the
potato, the onion, or the sweet flag.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The descending, and commonly branching, axis of a plant,
increasing in length by growth at its extremity only, not divided into
joints, leafless and without buds, and having for its offices to fix
the plant in the earth, to supply it with moisture and soluble
matters, and sometimes to serve as a reservoir of nutriment for future
growth. A true root, however, may never reach the ground, but may be
attached to a wall, etc., as in the ivy, or may hang loosely in the
air, as in some epiphytic orchids.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1251 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An edible or esculent root, especially of
such plants as produce a single root, as the beet, carrot, etc.; as,
the <i>root</i> crop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles a root in position or
function, esp. as a source of nourishment or support; that from which
anything proceeds as if by growth or development; as, the <i>root</i>
of a tooth, a nail, a cancer, and the like.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An ancestor or progenitor; and hence, an
early race; a stem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were the <i>roots</i> out of which sprang two
distinct people.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A primitive form of speech; one of the
earliest terms employed in language; a word from which other words are
formed; a radix, or radical.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The cause
or occasion by which anything is brought about; the source.</def> "She
herself . . . is <i>root</i> of bounty."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The love of money is a <i>root</i> of all kinds of
evil.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. vi. 10 (rev. Ver.)</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>That factor of a quantity
which when multiplied into itself will produce that quantity; thus, 3
is a <i>root</i> of 9, because 3 multiplied into itself produces 9; 3
is the cube <i>root</i> of 27.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The fundamental tone of any chord; the tone from whose harmonics,
or overtones, a chord is composed.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>The lowest place, position, or part.</def>
"Deep to the <i>roots</i> of hell." <i>Milton.</i>  "The <i>roots</i>
of the mountains." <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The time which to reckon
in making calculations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a <i>root</i> is of a birth yknowe
[known].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A&euml;rial roots</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Small roots emitted from the stem of a plant
in the open air, which, attaching themselves to the bark of trees,
etc., serve to support the plant.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Large
roots growing from the stem, etc., which descend and establish
themselves in the soil. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Mangrove</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Multiple primary root</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name
given to the numerous roots emitted from the radicle in many plants,
as the squash.</cd> -- <col><b>Primary root</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the central, first-formed, main root, from which the rootlets are
given off.</cd> -- <col><b>Root and branch</b></col>, <cd>every part;
wholly; completely; as, to destroy an error <i>root and
branch</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Root-and-branch men</b></col>, <cd>radical
reformers; -- a designation applied to the English Independents
(1641). See Citation under <u>Radical</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</cd> -- <col><b>Root barnacle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>one of the Rhizocephala.</cd> -- <col><b>Root hair</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>one of the slender, hairlike fibers found on the
surface of fresh roots. They are prolongations of the superficial
cells of the root into minute tubes.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Root
leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a radical leaf.</cd> See
<u>Radical</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>. --
<col><b>Root louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any plant louse,
or aphid, which lives on the roots of plants, as the Phylloxera of the
grapevine.</cd> See <u>Phylloxera</u>. -- <col><b>Root of an
equation</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>that value which, substituted
for the unknown quantity in an equation, satisfies the equation.</cd>
-- <col><b>Root of a nail</b></col> <sd><i>(Anat.)</i></sd>, <cd>the
part of a nail which is covered by the skin.</cd> -- <col><b>Root of a
tooth</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the part of a tooth contained in
the socket and consisting of one or more fangs.</cd> --
<col><b>Secondary roots</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>roots emitted
from any part of the plant above the radicle.</cd> -- <col><b>To
strike root</b></col>, <col><b>To take root</b></col>, <cd>to send
forth roots; to become fixed in the earth, etc., by a root; hence, in
general, to become planted, fixed, or established; to increase and
spread; as, an opinion <i>takes root</i>.</cd>  "The bended twigs
<i>take root</i>." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Root</hw> (r&oomac;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rooted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rooting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fix the root; to enter the
earth, as roots; to take root and begin to grow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In deep grounds the weeds <i>root</i>
deeper.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be firmly fixed; to be
established.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If any irregularity chanced to intervene and to cause
misappehensions, he gave them not leave to <i>root</i> and fasten by
concealment.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Root</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
plant and fix deeply in the earth, or as in the earth; to implant
firmly; hence, to make deep or radical; to establish; -- used chiefly
in the participle; as, <i>rooted</i> trees or forests; <i>rooted</i>
dislike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tear up by the root; to eradicate; to
extirpate; -- with <i>up</i>, <i>out</i>, or <i>away</i>.</def> "I
will go <i>root</i> away the noisome weeds."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord <i>rooted</i> them out of their land . . . and
cast them into another land.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxix. 28.</i></p>

<p><hw>Root"cap`</hw> (r&oomac;t"k&abreve;p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A mass of parenchymatous cells which covers and
protects the growing cells at the end of a root; a
pileorhiza.</def></p>

<p><hw>Root"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having taken root;
firmly implanted; fixed in the heart.</def> "A <i>rooted</i> sorrow."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Root"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Root"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rooter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, roots; one that tears up by the roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Root"er*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pile of roots, set
with plants, mosses, etc., and used as an ornamental object in
gardening.</def></p>

<p><hw>Root"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Root"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A radicle; a
little root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Root"stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
perennial underground stem, producing leafly s&?;ems or flower stems
from year to year; a rhizome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Root"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of roots; as,
<i>rooty</i> ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*pal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rhopalic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>r&amacr;p</i>; akin
to D. <i>reep</i>, G. <i>reif</i> ring hoop, Icel. <i>reip</i> rope,
Sw. <i>rep</i>, Dan. <i>reb</i>, <i>reeb</i> Goth. skauda<i>raip</i>
latchet.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large, stout cord, usually one not
less than an inch in circumference, made of strands twisted or braided
together. It differs from <i>cord</i>, <i>line</i>, and <i>string</i>,
only in its size. See <u>Cordage</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A row or string consisting of a number of
things united, as by braiding, twining, etc.; as, a <i>rope</i> of
onions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The small intestines; as, the
<i>ropes</i> of birds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rope ladder</b></col>, <cd>a ladder made of ropes.</cd> --
<col><b>Rope mat</b></col>., <cd>a mat made of cordage, or strands of
old rope.</cd> -- <col><b>Rope of sand</b></col>, <cd>something of no
cohession or fiber; a feeble union or tie; something not to be relied
upon.</cd> -- <col><b>Rope pump</b></col>, <cd>a pump in which a
rapidly running endless rope raises water by the momentum communicated
to the water by its adhesion to the rope.</cd> -- <col><b>Rope
transmission</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a method of transmitting
power, as between distant places, by means of endless ropes running
over grooved pulleys.</cd> -- <col><b>Rope's end</b></col>, <cd>a
piece of rope; especially, one used as a lash in inflicting
punishment.</cd> -- <col><b>To give one rope</b></col>, <cd>to give
one liberty or license; to let one go at will uncheked.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rope</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Roped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Roping</u>.] <def>To be formed into rope; to draw out or extend
into a filament or thread, as by means of any glutinous or adhesive
quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us not hang like <i>roping</i>icicles<BR>
Upon our houses' thatch.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bind, fasten, or tie with a rope or cord; as, to <i>rope</i> a bale of
goods.</def> Hence: --</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To connect or fasten together, as a party
of mountain climbers, with a rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To partition, separate, or divide off, by
means of a rope, so as to include or exclude something; as, to <i>rope
in</i>, <i>or rope</i> off, a plot of ground; to <i>rope</i> out a
crowd.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To lasso (a steer, horse).</def> [Colloq.
U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To draw, as with a rope; to entice; to
inveigle; to decoy; as, to <i>rope in customers or voters</i>.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To prevent from winning (as a horse), by
pulling or curbing.</def> [Racing Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Rope"band`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
small piece of spun yarn or marline, used to fasten the head of the
sail to the spar.</def> [Written also <i>roband</i>, and
<i>robbin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Rope"dan`cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
dances, walks, or performs acrobatic feats, on a rope extended through
the air at some height.</def> -- <wf>Rope"dan`cing</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
maker of ropes.</def>  <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who ropes goods; a packer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One fit to be hanged.</def> [Old Slang]
<i>Douce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rop"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A place where ropes are made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tricks deserving the halter; roguery.</def>
[Obs.] "Saucy merchant . . . so full of his <i>ropery</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rope's"-end`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To punish
with a rope's end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rope"walk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A long, covered
walk, or a low, level building, where ropes are
manufactured.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rope"walk`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
ropedancer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rope"-yarn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>the yarn or
thread of any stuff of which the strands of a rope are made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rop"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a ropy
manner; in a viscous or glutinous manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rop"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
ropy; viscosity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rop"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
ropy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rop"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>capable of being
drawn into a thread, as a glutinous substance; stringy; viscous;
tenacious; glutinous; as <i>ropy</i> sirup; <i>ropy</i>
lees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roq"ue*laure</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; so called
after Duc de <i>Roquelaure</i>, in the reign of Louis XIV.] <def>A
cloak reaching about to, or just below, the knees, worn in the 18th
century.</def> [Written also <i>roquelo</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ro*quet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain]
<i>(Croquet)</i> <def>To hit, as another's ball, with one's own
ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*quet"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hit another's
ball with one's own.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ros</i>,
<i>roris</i>, dew.] <def>Of or pertaining to dew; consisting of dew;
dewy.</def> [R.]  <i>M. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>roratio</i>,
fr.  <i>rorare</i> to drop dew, fr. <i>ros</i> dew.] <def>A falling of
dew.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ro"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ros</i>,
<i>roris</i>, dew.] <def>Of or pertaining to dew; resembling dew;
dewy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Roric figures</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>figures which
appear upon a polished surface, as glass, when objects which have been
near to, or in contact with, the surface are removed and the surface
breathed upon; -- called also <i>Moser's images</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ro"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>roridus</i>, fr.
<i>ros</i>, <i>roris</i>, dew.] <def>Dewy; bedewed.</def> [R.]  <i>T.
Granger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rorifer</i>; <i>ros</i>, <i>roris</i>, dew + <i>ferre</i> to bear:
cf. F. <i>rorif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>generating or producing
dew.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ro*rif"lu*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ros</i>,
<i>roris</i>, dew + <i>fluens</i>, p. pr. of <i>fluere</i> to flow.]
<def>Flowing with dew.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ror"qual</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Norw. <i>rorqualus</i>
a whale with folds.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large North
Atlantic whalebone whale (<i>Physalus antiquorum</i>, or
<i>Bal&aelig;noptera physalus</i>). It has a dorsal fin, and strong
longitudinal folds on the throat and belly. Called also
<i>razorback</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is one of the largest of the whales, somethimes becoming
nearly one hundred feet long, but it is more slender than the right
whales, and is noted for its swiftness. The name is sometimes applied
to other related species of finback whales.</p>

<p><hw>Ro"ru*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rorulentus</i>, from <i>ros</i>, <i>roris</i>, dew.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of, or abounding in, dew.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the surface
appearing as if dusty, or covered with fine dew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ros</i>,
<i>roris</i>, dew.] <def>Dewy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And shook his wings with <i>rory</i> May-dew
wet.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*sa"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rosaceus</i>,
fr. <i>rosa</i> rose.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants
(<i>Rosace&aelig;</i>) of which the rose is the type. It includes also
the plums and cherries, meadowsweet, brambles, the strawberry, the
hawthorn, applies, pears, service trees, and quinces.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Like a rose in shape or appearance; as, a
<i>rosaceous</i> corolla.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of a pure purpish pink color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*sac"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Rosaceous</u>.] <i>(Old med. Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, an acid (called also <i>lithic acid</i>) found in certain
red precipitates of urine. See <u>Uric</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ro*sal"gar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>realgar.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ro*sa"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rosalie</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A form of melody in which a phrase
or passage is successively repeated, each time a step or half step
higher; a melodic sequence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros*an"i*line</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rose</i>
+ <i>aniline</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A complex nitrogenous base,
C<sub>20</sub>H<sub>21</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O, obtained by oxidizing a
mixture of aniline and toluidine, as a colorless crystalline substance
which forms red salts. These salts are essential components of many of
the socalled aniline dyes, as <i>fuchsine</i>, <i>aniline red</i>,
etc. By extension, any one of the series of substances derived from,
or related to, rosaniline proper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*sa"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cultivator of
roses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rosaries</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>rosarium</i> a string of
beads, L. <i>rosarium</i> a place planted with roses, <i>rosa</i> a
rose: cf. F. <i>rosaire</i>. See <u>Rose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A bed of roses, or place where roses grow.</def> "Thick
<i>rosaries</i> of scented thorn."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>A series of prayers (see
Note below) arranged to be recited in order, on beads; also, a string
of beads by which the prayers are counted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His idolized book, and the whole <i>rosary</i> of his
prayers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>rosary</i> consists of fifteen decades. Each decade
contains ten <i>Ave Marias</i> marked by small beads, preceded by a
<i>Paternoster</i>, marked by a larger bead, and concluded by a
<i>Gloria Patri</i>. Five decades make a <i>chaplet</i>, a third part
of the rosary.  <i>Bp. Fitzpatrick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A chapelet; a garland; a series or
collection, as of beautiful thoughts or of literary
selections.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every day propound to yourself a <i>rosary</i> or
chaplet of good works to present to God at night.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A coin bearing the figure of a rose,
fraudulently circulated in Ireland in the 13th century for a
penny.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rosary shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any marine
gastropod shell of the genus <i>Monodonta</i>. They are top-shaped,
bright-colored and pearly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ros"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>roscidus</i>, fr.
<i>ros</i>, <i>roris</i>, dew.] <def>Containing, or consisting of,
dew; dewy.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ros"coe*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From an English
chemist, H.E. <i>Roscoe</i> + <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
green micaceous mineral occurring in minute scales. It is essentially
a silicate of aluminia and potash containing vanadium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Rise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>rose</i>, L.
<i>rosa</i>, probably akin to Gr. &?;, Armor. <i>vard</i>, OPer.
<i>vareda</i>; and perhaps to E. <i>wort</i>: cf. F. <i>rose</i>, from
the Latin.  Cf. <u>Copperas</u>, <u>Rhododendron</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flower and shrub of any species of the genus
<i>Rosa</i>, of which there are many species, mostly found in the
morthern hemispere</def></p>

<p>&fist; Roses are shrubs with pinnate leaves and usually prickly
stems. The flowers are large, and in the wild state have five petals
of a color varying from deep pink to white, or sometimes yellow. By
cultivation and hybridizing the number of petals is greatly increased
and the natural perfume enhanced. In this way many distinct classes of
roses have been formed, as the <i>Banksia</i>, <i>Baurbon</i>,
<i>Boursalt</i>, <i>China</i>, <i>Noisette</i>, <i>hybrid
perpetual</i>, etc., with multitudes of varieties in nearly every
class.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A knot of ribbon formed like a rose; a rose
knot; a rosette, esp. one worn on a shoe.</def>  <i>Sha.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A rose window. See <i>Rose
window</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A perforated nozzle, as of a pipe, spout,
etc., for delivering water in fine jets; a rosehead; also, a strainer
at the foot of a pump.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The erysipelas.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The card of the mariner's compass; also, a
circular card with radiating lines, used in other
instruments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The color of a rose; rose-red;
pink.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A diamond. See <i>Rose diamond</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cabbage rose</b></col>, <col><b>China rose</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Cabbage</u>, <u>China</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Corn rose</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Corn poppy</i>,
under <u>Corn</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Infantile rose</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a variety of roseola.</cd> -- <col><b>Jamaica
rose</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Jamaica</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rose acacia</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low American
leguminous shrub (<i>Robinia hispida</i>) with handsome clusters of
rose-colored blossoms.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose aniline</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Rosaniline</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose
apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the fruit of the tropical
myrtaceous tree <i>Eugenia Jambos</i>. It is an edible berry an inch
or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike
perfume.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose beetle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle
(<i>Macrodactylus subspinosus</i>), which eats the leaves of various
plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees,
grapevines, etc. Called also <i>rose bug</i>, and <i>rose
chafer</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The European chafer.</cd> --
<col><b>Rose bug</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>same as <i>Rose
beetle</i>, <i>Rose chafer</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose burner</b></col>,
<cd>a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame.</cd> --
<col><b>Rose camphor</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a solid odorless
substance which separates from rose oil.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose
campion</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Campion</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rose catarrh</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>rose cold.</cd> --
<col><b>Rose chafer</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A common European beetle (<i>Cetonia aurata</i>) which is often
very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also <i>rose beetle</i>, and
<i>rose fly</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The rose beetle
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose cold</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the
inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See <i>Hay fever</i>, under
<u>Hay</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose color</b></col>, <cd>the color of a
rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty,
attractiveness, or promise.</cd> <! p. 1252 !> -- <col><b>Rose de
Pompadour</b></col>, <col><b>Rose du Barry</b></col>, <cd>names
succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S&egrave;vres
porcelain.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose diamond</b></col>, <cd>a diamond, one
side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular
facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top.  Cf.
<u>Brilliant</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Rose
ear</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ear</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose
elder</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the Guelder-rose.</cd> --
<col><b>Rose engine</b></col>, <cd>a machine, or an appendage to a
turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved
with a variety of curved lines.</cd> <i>Craig.</i> -- <col><b>Rose
family</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>the <i>Rosece&aelig;</i>.</cd> See
<u>Rosaceous</u>. -- <col><b>Rose fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>rose cold.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a rose betle, or rose chafer.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose gall</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any gall found on rosebushes.</cd> See
<u>Bedeguar</u>. -- <col><b>Rose knot</b></col>, <cd>a ribbon, or
other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette.</cd> --
<col><b>Rose lake</b></col>, <col><b>Rose madder</b></col>, <cd>a rich
tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy
basis.</cd> <i>Fairholt.</i> -- <col><b>Rose mallow</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A name of several malvaceous
plants of the genus <i>Hibiscus</i>, with large rose-colored
flowers.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>the hollyhock</cd>. --
<col><b>Rose nail</b></col>, <cd>a nail with a convex, faceted
head.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose noble</b></col>, <cd>an ancient English
gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the
reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d.</cd> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i>
-- <col><b>Rose of China</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>China
rose</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, under <u>China</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose
of Jericho</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a Syrian cruciferous plant
(<i>Anastatica Hierochuntica</i>) which rolls up when dry, and expands
again when moistened; -- called also <i>resurrection plant</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Rose of Sharon</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an ornamental
malvaceous shrub (<i>Hibiscus Syriacus</i>). In the Bible the name is
used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or
possibly the great lotus flower.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose oil</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the yellow essential oil extracted from various
species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of
roses.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose pink</b></col>, <cd>a pigment of a rose
color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood
and alum; also, the color of the pigment.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose
quartz</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of quartz which is rose-
red.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose rash</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Roseola</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose slug</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the small green larva of a black sawfly
(<i>Selandria ros&aelig;</i>).  These larv&aelig; feed in groups on
the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and
very destructive.</cd> -- <col><b>Rose window</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a circular window filled with ornamental tracery.
Called also <i>Catherine wheel</i>, and <i>marigold window</i>.  Cf.
<i>wheel window</i>, under <u>Wheel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer
rose</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a variety of roseola. See
<u>Roseola</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Under the rose</b></col> [a
translation of L. <i>sub rosa</i>], <cd>in secret; privately; in a
manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients
the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that
nothing there said was to be divulged.</cd> -- <col><b>Wars of the
Roses</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>feuds between the Houses of
York and Lancaster, the <i>white rose</i> being the badge of the House
of York, and the <i>red rose</i> of the House of Lancaster.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rose</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To render rose-colored; to redden; to flush.</def> [Poetic] "A
maid yet <i>rosed</i> over with the virgin crimson of modesty."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perfume, as with roses.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro"se*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>roseus</i>, fr.
<i>rosa</i> a rose.] <def>resembling a rose in smell or color.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro"se*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>roseus</i>,
<i>rosatus</i>, prepared from roses. See <u>Roseal</u>, <u>Rose</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of roses; rosy; as, <i>roseate</i>
bowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>resembling a rose in color or fragrance;
esp., tinged with rose color; blooming; as, <i>roseate</i> beauty; her
<i>roseate</i> lips.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Roseate tern</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American
and European tern (<i>Sterna Dougalli</i>) whose breast is roseate in
the breeding season.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rose"bay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>the oleander.</def> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any shrub of the genus
<i>Rhododendron</i>.</def> [U.S.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An herb
(<i>Epilobium spicatum</i>) with showy purple flowers, common in
Europe and North America; -- called also <i>great willow
herb</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose"bud`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The flower of a
rose before it opens, or when but partially open.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose"bush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bush or
shrub which bears roses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose"-col`ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the color of a pink rose; rose-pink; of
a delicate pink color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uncommonly beautiful; hence, extravagantly
fine or pleasing; alluring; as, <i>rose-colored</i>
anticipations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose"-cut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cut flat on the
reverse, and with a convex face formed of triangular facets in rows; -
- said of diamonds and other precious stones. See <i>Rose diamond</i>,
under <u>Rose</u>.  Cf. <u>Brilliant</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Rose"drop`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
lozenge having a rose flavor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of earring.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A ruddy eruption upon the
nose caused by drinking ardent spirits; a grog blossom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose"finch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of Asiatic finches of the genera
<i>Carpodacus</i>, and <i>Propasser</i>, and allied genera, in which
the male is more or less colored with rose red.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large marine scorp&aelig;noid food fish (<i>Sebastes
marinus</i>) found on the northern coasts of Europe and America.
called also <i>red perch</i>, <i>hemdurgan</i>, <i>Norway haddok</i>,
and also, erroneously, <i>snapper</i>, <i>bream</i>, and
<i>bergylt</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When full grown it is usually bright rose-red or orange-red;
the young are usually mottled with red and ducky brown.</p>

<p><hw>Rose"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Rose</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A many-sided pyramidal head upon a nail;
also a nail with such a head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"se*ine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Magenta</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"se*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the German
mineralogist G. <i>Rose</i> + <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
hydrous arsenite of cobalt, occuring in small red crystals, allied to
erythrite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ro"sel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of L.
<i>rosa</i> rose.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A beautiful Australian
parrakeet (<i>Platycercus eximius</i>) often kept as a cage bird. The
head and back of the neck are scarlet, the throat is white, the back
dark green varied with lighter green, and the breast yellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*selle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>a
malvaceous plant (<i>Hibiscus Sabdariffa</i>) cultivated in the east
and West Indies for its fleshy calyxes, which are used for making
tarts and jelly and an acid drink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose`mal"oes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name; cf. Malay <i>rasam&amacr;la</i> the name of the tree.] <def>The
liquid storax of the East Indian <i>Liquidambar
orientalis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose"ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>rosmarine</i>, L. <i>rosmarinus</i>; <i>ros</i> dew (cf. Russ.
<i>rosa</i>, Lith. <i>rasa</i>, Skr. <i>rasa</i> juice) +
<i>marinus</i> marine: cf. F. <i>romarin</i>. In English the word has
been changed as if it meant the <i>rose of Mary</i>. See
<u>Marine</u>.] <def>A labiate shrub (<i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i>)
with narrow grayish leaves, growing native in the southern part of
France, Spain, and Italy, also in Asia Minor and in China. It has a
fragrant smell, and a warm, pungent, bitterish taste. It is used in
cookery, perfumery, etc., and is an emblem of fidelity or
constancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There's <i>rosemary</i>, that's for
remembrance.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Marsh rosemary</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A little
shrub <i>(Andromeda polifolia)</i> growing in cold swamps and having
leaves like those of the rosemary</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See
under <u>Marsh</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rosemary pine</b></col>, <cd>the
loblolly pine. See under <u>Loblolly</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ros"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of roses;
rosy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ro"sen*m&uuml;l`ler's or"gan</hw> (?). [So named from its first
describer, J. C. <i>Rosenm&uuml;ller</i>, a German anatomist.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The parovarium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"se*o-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix (also used
adjectively) signifying <i>rose-red</i>; specifically used to
designate certain rose-red compounds (called <i>roseo-cobaltic
compounds</i>) of cobalt with ammonia.  Cf. <u>Luteo</u>-.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ro*se"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of L.
<i>rosa</i> a rose.] <i>(med.)</i> <def>A rose-colored efflorescence
upon the skin, occurring in circumscribed patches of little or no
elevation and often alternately fading and reviving; also, an acute
specific disease which is characterized by an eruption of this
character; -- called also <i>rose rash</i>.</def> --
<wf>Ro*se"o*lous</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rose"-pink`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a pink color like that of the rose, or like the pigment
called <i>rose pink</i>. See <i>Rose pink</i>, under
<u>Rose</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to clothe everything with roseate
hues; hence, sentimental.</def> "<i>Rose-pink</i> piety."  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ros"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rosier; a
rosebush.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rose"-red`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Red as a rose;
specifically <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, of a pure purplish red color.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rose"-ri`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rose</u>,
and <u>Royal</u>.] <def>A name of several English gold coins struck in
different reigns and having having different values; a rose
noble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose"root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
fleshy-leaved herb (<i>Rhodiola rosea</i>); rosewort; -- so called
because the roots have the odor of roses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where
roses are cultivated; a nursery of roses. See <u>Rosary</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"set</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rosette</i>. See
<u>Rosette</u>.] <def>A red color used by painters.</def>
<i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro-set"ta stone`</hw> (?). <def>A stone found at
<i>Rosetta</i>, in Egypt, bearing a trilingual inscription, by aid of
which, with other inscriptions, a key was obtained to the
hieroglyphics of ancient Egypt.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*set"ta wood`</hw> (?). <def>An east Indian wood of a reddish
orange color, handsomely veined with darker marks. It is occasionally
used for cabinetwork.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*sette</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>rose</i> a rose.  Cf. <u>Roset</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
imitation of a rose by means of ribbon or other material, -- used as
an ornament or a badge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament in the form of a
rose or roundel, -much used in decoration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A red color. See <u>Roset</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A rose burner. See under
<u>Rose</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
structure having a flowerlike form; especially, the group of five
broad ambulacra on the upper side of the spatangoid and clypeastroid
sea urchins. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Spicule</u>, and <i>Sand
dollar</i>, under <u>Sand</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
flowerlike color marking; as, the <i>rosettes</i> on the
leopard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose" wa`ter</hw> (?). <def>Water tinctured with roses by
distillation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose"-wa`ter</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the odor of
rose water; hence, affectedly nice or delicate; sentimental.</def>
"<i>Rose-water</i> philanthropy."  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rose"wood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A valuable
cabinet wood of a dark red color, streaked and variegated with black,
obtained from several tropical leguminous trees of the genera
<i>Dalbergia</i> and <i>Mach&aelig;rium</i>. The finest kind is from
Brazil, and is said to be from the <i>Dalbergia nigra</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>African rosewood</b></col>, <cd>the wood of the leguminous
tree <i>Pterocarpus erinaceus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Jamaica
rosewood</b></col>, <cd>the wood of two West Indian trees (<i>Amyris
balsamifera</i>, and <i>Linocieria ligustrina</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>New South Wales rosewood</b></col>, <cd>the wood of
<i>Trichilia glandulosa</i>, a tree related to the margosa.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rose"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The larva of any one of several species of lepidopterous insects
which feed upon the leaves, buds, or blossoms of the rose, especially
<i>Cac&aelig;cia rosaceana</i>, which rolls up the leaves for a nest,
and devours both the leaves and buds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rose"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Roseroot.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
plant nearly related to the rose.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ros`i*cru"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The name is
probably due to a German theologian, Johann Valentin Andre&auml;, who
in anonymous pamphlets called himself a knight of the <i>Rose
Cross</i> (G. <i>Rosenkreuz</i>), using a seal with a St. Andrew's
cross and four roses.)] <def>One who, in the 17th century and the
early part of the 18th, claimed to belong to a secret society of
philosophers deeply versed in the secrets of nature, -- the alleged
society having existed, it was stated, several hundred
years.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Rosicrucians also called <i>brothers of the Rosy
Cross</i>, <i>Rosy-cross Knights</i>, <i>Rosy-cross philosophers</i>,
etc. Among other pretensions, they claimed to be able to transmute
metals, to prolong life, to know what is passing in distant places,
and to discover the most hidden things by the application of the
Cabala and science of numbers.</p>

<p><hw>Ros`i*cru"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Rosicrucians, or their arts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros"ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Decorated with
roses, or with the color of roses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"sier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>rosarius</i> of roses.  Cf. <u>Rosary</u>.] <def>A rosebush; roses,
collectively.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Crowned with a garland of sweet
<i>rosier</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ros"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rosy
manner.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ros"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A variant of
<i>resin</i>.] <def>The hard, amber-colored resin left after
distilling off the volatile oil of turpentine; colophony.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rosin oil</b></col>, <cd>an oil obtained from the resin of
the pine tree, -- used by painters and for lubricating machinery,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ros"in</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rub with rosin, as
musicians rub the bow of a violin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or with the <i>rosined</i> bow torment the
string.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ros"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being rosy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros"in*weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The compass plant. See under
<u>Compass</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A name given in
California to various composite plants which secrete resins or have a
resinous smell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros"in*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>like rosin, or
having its qualities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>rhos</i> a
meadow, a moor + E. <i>land</i>.] <def>heathy land; land full of
heather; moorish or watery land.</def> [prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ros"ma*rine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. See
<u>Rosemary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dew from the sea; sea
dew.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That purer brine<BR>
And wholesome dew called <i>rosmarine</i>.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rosemary.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i>
"Biting on anise seed and <i>rosmarine</i>." <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ros"ma*rine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Norw. <i>rosmar</i> a
walrus; <i>ros</i> a horse (akin to E. <i>horse</i>) + (probably)
<i>mar</i> the sea.] <def>A fabulous sea animal which was reported to
climb by means of its teeth to the tops of rocks to feed upon the
dew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And greedly <i>rosmarines</i> with visages
deforme.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*sol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Rose</i> +
carbo<i>lic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a
complex red dyestuff (called <i>rosolic acid</i>) which is analogous
to rosaniline and aurin. It is produced by oxidizing a mixture of
phenol and cresol, as a dark red amorphous mass,
C<sub>20</sub>H<sub>16</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, which forms weak salts with
bases, and stable ones with acids.  Called also <i>methyl aurin</i>,
and, formerly, <i>corallin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ross</hw> (?); 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>The rough, scaly matter on the surface of the bark of
trees.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ross</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To divest of the ross,
or rough, scaly surface; as, to <i>ross</i> bark.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ros"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Light land;
rosland.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ros"sel cur`rent</hw> (?). [From <i>Rossel</i> Island, in the
Louisiade Archipelago.] <i>(Oceanography)</i> <def>A portion of the
southern equatorial current flowing westward from the Fiji Islands to
New Guinea.</def><BR>
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]</p>

<p><hw>Ros"sel*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Loose;
light.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rost</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Roust</u>.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ros"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rostellum</i>,
dim. of <i>rostrum</i> a beak: cf. F. <i>rostelle</i>.] <def>same as
<u>Rostellum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros*tel"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
rostellum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros"tel*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>rostellatus</i>.] <def>Having a rostellum, or small beak;
terminating in a beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros*tel"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
form of a rostellum, or small beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ros*tel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rostella</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Rostel</u>.] <def>A small
beaklike process or extension of some part; a small rostrum; as, the
<i>rostellum</i> of the stigma of violets, or of the operculum of many
mosses; the <i>rostellum</i> on the head of a tapeworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps a corruption of
<i>register</i>; or cf. <i>roll</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A register or
roll showing the order in which officers, enlisted men, companies, or
regiments are called on to serve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rostrum</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rostralis</i>,
fr. <i>rostrum</i> a beak; cf. F. <i>rostral</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the beak or snout of an animal, or the beak of a ship;
resembling a rostrum, esp., the rostra at Rome, or their
decorations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Monuments] adorned with <i>rostral</i> crowns and
naval ornaments.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ros"trate</hw> (?), <hw>Ros"tra*ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rostratus</i>, fr. <i>rostrum</i> a beak.
See <u>Rostrum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a process
resembling the beak of a bird; beaked; rostellate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Furnished or adorned with beaks; as,
<i>rostrated</i> galleys.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ros*trif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>rostrum</i> beak + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of pectinibranchiate gastropods, having the head
prolonged into a snout which is not retractile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros"tri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rostrum</i>
a beak + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>rostrifarme</i>.] <def>Having the
form of a beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ros"tru*lum</hw> (-tr&usdot;*l&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Rostrula</b></plw> (#). [NL.,
dim. of L. <i>rostrum</i> a beak.] <def>A little rostrum, or beak, as
of an insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros"trum</hw> (-tr&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
L. <plw><b>Rostra</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Rostrums</b></plw> (#).
[L., beak, ship's beak, fr. <i>rodere</i>, <i>rosum</i>, to gnaw. See
<u>Rodent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The beak or head of a
ship.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1253 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> (<u>Rostra</u>) <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>
<def>The Beaks; the stage or platform in the forum where orations,
pleadings, funeral harangues, etc., were delivered; -- so called
because after the Latin war, it was adorned with the beaks of captured
vessels; later, applied also to other platforms erected in Rome for
the use of public orators.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a stage for public speaking; the
pulpit or platform occupied by an orator or public speaker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Myself will mount the <i>rostrum</i> in his
favor.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
beaklike prolongation, esp. of the head of an animal, as the beak of
birds.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The beak, or sucking mouth
parts, of Hemiptera.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The snout of a
gastropod mollusk. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Littorina</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The anterior, often spinelike, prolongation
of the carapace of a crustacean, as in the lobster and the
prawn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Rostellum</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>The pipe to convey the
distilling liquor into its receiver in the common alembic.</def>
<i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A pair of forceps of various
kinds, having a beaklike form.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro"su*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>rosulatus</i>, fr. L. <i>rosa</i> a rose.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Arranged in little roselike clusters; -- said of leaves and
bracts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Rosier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Rosiest</u>.]
<def>Resembling a rose in color, form, or qualities; blooming; red;
blushing; also, adorned with roses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A smile that glowed<BR>
Celestial <i>rosy</i>-red, love's proper hue.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While blooming youth and gay delight<BR>
Sit thy <i>rosy</i> cheeks confessed.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Rosy</i> is sometimes used in the formation of
self&?;xplaining compounde; as, <i>rosy</i>-bosomed, <i>rosy</i>-
colored, <i>rosy</i>-crowned, <i>rosy</i>-fingered, <i>rosy</i>-
tinted.</p>

<p><col><b>Rosy cross</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Rosicrucian</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Rot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rotting</u>.] [OE. <i>rotien</i>, AS. <i>rotian</i>; akin to D.
<i>rotten</i>, Prov. G. <i>rotten</i>, OHG. <i>rozz&?;n</i>, G.
<i>r&ouml;sten</i> to steep flax, Icel. <i>rotna</i> to rot, Sw.
<i>ruttna</i>, Dan. <i>raadne</i>, Icel. <i>rottin</i> rotten.
&radic;117.  Cf. <u>Ret</u>, <u>Rotten</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To undergo a process common to organic substances by which they
lose the cohesion of their parts and pass through certain chemical
changes, giving off usually in some stages of the process more or less
offensive odors; to become decomposed by a natural process; to
putrefy; to decay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fixed like a plant on his peculiar spot,<BR>
To draw nutrition, propagate, and <i>rot</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: To perish slowly; to decay;
to die; to become corrupt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Four of the sufferers were left to <i>rot</i> in
irons.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rot</i>, poor bachelor, in your club.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To putrefy; corrupt; decay; spoil.</p>

<p><hw>Rot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make putrid; to cause to be wholly or partially decomposed by natural
processes; as, to <i>rot</i> vegetable fiber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expose, as flax, to a process of
maceration, etc., for the purpose of separating the fiber; to
ret.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Process
of rotting; decay; putrefaction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A disease or decay in fruits,
leaves, or wood, supposed to be caused by minute fungi. See <i>Bitter
rot</i>, <i>Black rot</i>, etc., below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. G. <i>rotz</i> glanders.] <def>A fatal
distemper which attacks sheep and sometimes other animals. It is due
to the presence of a parasitic worm in the liver or gall bladder. See
1st <u>Fluke</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His cattle must of <i>rot</i> and murrain
die.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bitter rot</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a disease of
apples, caused by the fungus <i>Gl&aelig;osporium
fructigenum</i>.</cd> <i>F. L. Scribner.</i> -- <col><b>Black
rot</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a disease of grapevines, attacking
the leaves and fruit, caused by the fungus <i>L&aelig;stadia
Bidwellii</i>.</cd> <i>F. L. Scribner.</i> -- <col><b>Dry
rot</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Dry</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Grinder's rot</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Grinder</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Potato rot</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Potato</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>White rot</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a disease of grapes, first appearing in whitish
pustules on the fruit, caused by the fungus <i>Coniothyrium
diplodiella</i>.</cd> <i>F. L. Scribner.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ro"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rota</i> wheel.
The name is said to allude to the design of the floor of the room in
which the court used to sit, which was that of a wheel. See
<u>Rotary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastical court of
Rome, called also <i>Rota Romana</i>, that takes cognizance of suits
by appeal. It consists of twelve members.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>A short-lived political
club established in 1659 by J.Harrington to inculcate the democratic
doctrine of election of the principal officers of the state by ballot,
and the annual retirement of a portion of Parliament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
species of zither, played like a guitar, used in the Middle Ages in
church music; -- written also <i>rotta</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"ta*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rhotacism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to wheels
or to rotary motion; rotary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ro"ta*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rota</i> wheel
+ <i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Any fossil foraminifer of the
genus <i>Rotalia</i>, abundant in the chalk formation. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Rhizopod</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rota</i> a
wheel. See <u>Roll</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>barouche</u>,
<u>Rodomontade</u>, <u>Rou&eacute;</u>, <u>Round</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Rowel</u>.] <def>Turning, as a wheel on its
axis; pertaining to, or resembling, the motion of a wheel on its axis;
rotatory; as, <i>rotary</i> motion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rotary engine</b></col>, <cd>steam engine in which the
continuous rotation of the shaft is produced by the direct action of
the steam upon rotating devices which serve as pistons, instead of
being derived from a reciprocating motion, as in the ordinary engine;
a steam turbine; -- called also <i>rotatory engine</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rotary pump</b></col>, <cd>a pump in which the fluid is
impelled by rotating devices which take the place of reciprocating
buckets or pistons.</cd> -- <col><b>Rotary shears</b></col>,
<cd>shears, as for cloth, metal, etc., in which revolving sharp-edged
or sharp-cornered wheels do the cutting.</cd> -- <col><b>Rotary
valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve acting by continuous or partial rotation,
as in the four-way cock.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ro"ta*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rota</i> a
wheel + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Gyroscope</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rotatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>rotare</i> to turn round like a wheel, fr. <i>rota</i> wheel.
See <u>Rotary</u>, and cf. <u>Roue</u>.] <def>Having the parts
spreading out like a wheel; wheel-shaped; as, a <i>rotate</i> spicule
or scale; a <i>rotate</i> corolla, <i>i.e.</i>, a monopetalous corolla
with a flattish border, and no tube or a very short one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rotated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rotating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn, as a wheel, round
an axis; to revolve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perform any act, function, or operation
in turn, to hold office in turn; as, to <i>rotate</i> in
office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"tate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to turn round or revolve, as a wheel around an
axle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to succeed in turn; esp., to cause
to succeed some one, or to be succeeded by some one, in office.</def>
[Colloq.] "Both, after a brief service, were <i>rotated</i> out of
office."  <i>Harper's Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro"ta*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Turned round, as
a wheel; also, wheel-shaped; rotate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rotatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>rotation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of turning,
as a wheel or a solid body on its axis, as distinguished from the
progressive motion of a revolving round another body or a distant
point; thus, the daily turning of the earth on its axis is a
<i>rotation</i>; its annual motion round the sun is a
<i>revolution</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any return or succesion in a
series.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Moment of rotation</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Moment of
inertia</i>, under <u>Moment</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rotation in
office</b></col>, <cd>the practice of changing public officers at
frequent intervals by discharges and substitutions.</cd> --
<col><b>Rotation of crops</b></col>, <cd>the practices of cultivating
an orderly succession of different crops on the same land.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ro*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or resulting from, rotation; of the nature of, or characterized by,
rotation; as, <i>rotational</i> velocity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rotatif</i>.] <def>turning, as a wheel; rotary;
rotational.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This high <i>rotative</i> velocity of the sun must
cause an equatorial rise of the solar atmosphere.</blockquote>
<i>Siemens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rotative engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine in which the
reciprocating motion of the piston is transformed into a continuous
rotary motion, as by means of a connecting rod, a working beam and
crank, or an oscillating cylinder.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ro*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>that which gives a rotary or
rolling motion, as a muscle which partially rotates or turns some part
on its axis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A revolving reverberatory
furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ro`ta*to"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Rotifera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rotatoire</i>. See <u>Rotate</u>, <u>Rotary</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Turning as on an axis; rotary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Going in a circle; following in rotation or
succession; as, <i>rotatory</i> assembles.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Producing rotation of the
plane of polarization; as, the <i>rotatory</i> power of bodies on
light. See the Note under <u>polarization</u>.</def>
<i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro"ta*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A rotifer.</def> [R.]  <i>Kirby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rotche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A very small arctic sea bird (<i>Mergulus alle</i>, or <i>Alle
alle</i>) common on both coasts of the Atlantic in winter; -- called
also <i>little auk</i>, <i>dovekie</i>, <i>rotch</i>, <i>rotchie</i>,
and <i>sea dove</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rotch"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European red gurnard (<i>Trigla pini</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Rote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A root.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rote</i>, probably
of German origin; cf. MHG. <i>rotte</i>, OHG. <i>rota</i>,
<i>hrota</i>, LL. <i>chrotta</i>.  Cf. <u>Crowd</u> a kind of violin.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kind of guitar, the notes of which were produced
by a small wheel or wheel-like arrangement; an instrument similar to
the hurdy-gurdy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well could he sing and play on a
<i>rote</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>extracting mistuned dirges from their harps, crowds,
and <i>rotes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rote</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Rut</u> roaring.]
<def>The noise produced by the surf of the sea dashing upon the shore.
See <u>Rut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rote</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>rote</i>, F.
<i>route</i>, road, path. See <u>Route</u>, and cf. <u>Rut</u> a
furrow, <u>Routine</u>.] <def>A frequent repetition of forms of speech
without attention to the meaning; mere repetition; as, to learn rules
by <i>rote</i>.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>till he the first verse could [<i>i. e.</i>, knew] all
by <i>rote</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy love did read by <i>rote</i>, and could not
spell.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rote</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Roted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Roting</u>.] <def>To learn or repeat by rote.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rote</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go out by rotation
or succession; to rotate.</def> [Obs.]
  <i>Z. Grey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*tel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of
<i>rota</i> wheel; cf. LL. <i>rotella</i> a little whell.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of small,
polished, brightcolored gastropods of the genus <i>Rotella</i>, native
of tropical seas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rot"gut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bad small beer.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any bad spirituous liquor, especially when
adulterated so as to be very deleterious.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Roth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hry&eth;er</i>;
cf. D. <i>rund</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bovine.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bovine beast.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rother beasts</b></col>, <cd>cattle of the bovine genus;
black cattle.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Golding.</i> -- <col><b>Rother
soil</b></col>, <cd>the dung of rother beasts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Roth"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. See <u>Rudder</u>.]
<def>A rudder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rother nail</b></col>, <cd>a nail with a very full head,
used for fastening the rudder irons of ships; -- so called by
shipwrights.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ro"ti*fer</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. see
<u>Rotifera</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Rotifera. See
<i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ro*tif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> [NL.,
from L. <i>rota</i> &?; wheel + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of minute worms which usually have
one or two groups of vibrating cilia on the head, which, when in
motion, often give an appearance of rapidly revolving wheels.  The
species are very numerous in fresh waters, and are very diversified in
form and habits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rota</i> wheel
+ <i>-form</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wheel-shaped; as,
<i>rotiform</i> appendages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Rotate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rot"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See
<u>Rota</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rot"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>rotinn</i>;
akin to Sw. <i>rutten</i>, Dan. <i>radden</i>. See <u>Rot</u>.]
<def>Having rotted; putrid; decayed; as, a <i>rotten</i> apple;
<i>rotten</i> meat.</def> Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Offensive to
the smell; fetid; disgusting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You common cry of curs! whose breath I hate<BR>
As reek of the <i>rotten</i> fens.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not firm or trusty; unsound; defective;
treacherous; unsafe; as, a <i>rotten</i> plank, bone, stone.</def>
"The deepness of the <i>rotten</i> way."  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rotten borough</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Borough</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rotten stone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>a soft stone, called also <i>Tripoli</i> (from the country from
which it was formerly brought), used in all sorts of finer grinding
and polishing in the arts, and for cleaning metallic substances. The
name is also given to other friable siliceous stones applied to like
uses.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Putrefied; decayed; carious; defective; unsound;
corrupt; deceitful; treacherous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Rot"ten*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rot"ten*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Rot"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a little wheel;
cf. It. <i>rotula</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The patella, or
kneepan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rot"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rotula</i>,
dim. of <i>rota</i> wheel.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
the rotula, or kneepan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*tund"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rotundus</i>.
See <u>Round</u>, and cf. <u>Rotunda</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Round; circular; spherical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, complete; entire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Orbicular, or nearly
so.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*tund"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rotunda.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*tun"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>rotonda</i>, F. <i>rotonde</i>; both fr. L. <i>rotundus</i> round.
See <u>Rotund</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A round
building; especially, one that is round both on the outside and
inside, like the Pantheon at Rome. Less properly, but very commonly,
used for a large round room; as, the <i>rotunda</i> of the Capitol at
Washington.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*tund"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rounded;
especially, rounded at the end or ends, or at the corners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*tund`i*fo"li*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rotundus</i> round + <i>folium</i> a leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having round leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*tund"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rotunditas</i>: cf. F. <i>rotondit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being rotu&?;; roundness; sphericity;
circularity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Smite flat the thick <i>rotundity</i> o'the
world!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, completeness; entirety;
roundness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the more <i>rotundity</i> of the number and grace
of the matter, it passeth for a full thousand.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A boldness and <i>rotundity</i> of speech.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ro*tund"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Roundness;
rotundity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*tun"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rotunda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro*tur"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A roturier.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ro`tu`rier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A person
who is not of noble birth; specif., a freeman who during the
prevalence of feudalism held allodial land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rot"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Rot</u>.]
<def>To make rotten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Well bet is rotten apple out of hoard,<BR>
Than that it <i>roty</i> all the remenant.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Rou"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coin. See
<u>Ruble</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rouche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ruche</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rou`&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., properly p.
p. of <i>rouer</i> to break upon the wheel, fr. <i>roue</i> a wheel,
L. <i>rota</i>. See <u>Rotate</u>, <u>Rotary</u>.] <def>One devoted to
a life of sensual pleasure; a debauchee; a rake.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rou`et"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A small
wheel formerly fixed to the pan of firelocks for discharging
them.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rouge</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>rubeus</i>
red, akin to <i>rubere</i> to be red, <i>ruber</i> red. See
<u>Red</u>.] <def>red.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>||Rouge et noir</b></col> (&?;) [F., red and black], <cd>a
game at cards in which persons play against the owner of the bank; --
so called because the table around which the players sit has certain
compartments colored red and black, upon which the stakes are
deposited.</cd>  <i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rouge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A red amorphous powder consisting of ferric oxide.
It is used in polishing glass, metal, or gems, and as a cosmetic, etc.
Called also <i>crocus</i>, <i>jeweler's rouge</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cosmetic used for giving a red color to
the cheeks or lips. The best is prepared from the dried flowers of the
safflower, but it is often made from carmine.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rouge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rouged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rouging</u> .] <def>To paint the face or cheeks with
rouge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rouge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tint with rouge;
as, to <i>rouge</i> the face or the cheeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rouge`croix"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
literally, red cross.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of the four pursuivants
of the English college of arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rouge" drag`on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., literally,
red dragon.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of the four pursuivants of the
English college of arms.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1254 !></p>

<p><hw>Rough</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Rougher</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Roughest</u>.] [OE.
<i>rou&?;</i>, <i>rou</i>, <i>row</i>, <i>rugh</i>, <i>ruh</i>, AS.
<i>r&?;h</i>; akin to LG. <i>rug</i>, D. <i>rug</i>, D. <i>ruig</i>,
<i>ruw</i>, OHG. <i>r&?;h</i>, G. <i>rauh</i>, <i>rauch</i>; cf. Lith.
<i>raukas</i> wrinkle, <i>rukti</i> to wrinkle. &radic; 18.  Cf.
<u>Rug</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
inequalities, small ridges, or points, on the surface; not smooth or
plain; as, a <i>rough</i> board; a <i>rough</i> stone; <i>rough</i>
cloth.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not level; having
a broken surface; uneven; -- said of a piece of land, or of a
road.</def> "Rough, uneven ways."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not polished; uncut; -- said of a gem; as,
a <i>rough</i> diamond.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Tossed in
waves; boisterous; high; -- said of a sea or other piece of
water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More unequal than the <i>roughest</i> sea.</blockquote>
<i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Marked by coarseness; shaggy; ragged;
disordered; -- said of dress, appearance, or the like; as, a
<i>rough</i> coat.</def>  "A visage <i>rough</i>." <i>Dryden.</i>
"<i>Rough</i>satyrs." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively, lacking refinement,
gentleness, or polish.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Not courteous or kind; harsh; rude; uncivil; as, a <i>rough</i>
temper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fiend, a fury, pitiless and
<i>rough</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A surly boatman, <i>rough</i> as wayes or
winds.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Marked by severity or violence; harsh;
hard; as, <i>rough</i> measures or actions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the <i>rough</i> edge of battle.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A quicker and <i>rougher</i> remedy.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Kind words prevent a good deal of that perverseness
which <i>rough</i> and imperious usage often produces.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear;
harsh; grating; -- said of sound, voice, and the like; as, a
<i>rough</i> tone; <i>rough</i> numbers.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Austere; harsh to the taste; as,
<i>rough</i> wine.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Tempestuous;
boisterous; stormy; as, <i>rough</i> weather; a <i>rough</i>
day.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He stayeth his <i>rough</i> wind.</blockquote> <i>Isa.
xxvii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Time and the hour runs through the <i>roughest</i>
day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Hastily or carelessly done; wanting
finish; incomplete; as, a <i>rough</i> estimate; a <i>rough</i>
draught.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rough diamond</b></col>, <cd>an uncut diamond; hence,
colloquially, a person of intrinsic worth under a rude exterior.</cd>
-- <col><b>Rough and ready</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Acting
with offhand promptness and efficiency</cd>. "The <i>rough and
ready</i> understanding."  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Produced offhand.</def> "Some <i>rough and
ready</i> theory."  <i>Tylor.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Rough</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Boisterous weather.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a
rowdy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In the rough</b></col>, <cd>in an unwrought or rude
condition; unpolished; as, a diamond or a sketch <i>in the
rough</i>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Contemplating the people <i>in the
rough</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rough</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rough manner;
rudely; roughly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sleeping <i>rough</i> on the trenches, and dying
stubbornly in their boats.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rough</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
render rough; to roughen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break in, as a horse, especially for
military purposes.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut or make in a hasty, rough manner; --
with <i>out</i>; as, to <i>rough</i> out a carving, a
sketch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Roughing rolls</b></col>, <cd>rolls for reducing, in a
rough manner, a bloom of iron to bars.</cd> -- <col><b>To rough
it</b></col>, <cd>to endure hard conditions of living; to live without
ordinary comforts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rough`cast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form in its first rudiments, without
revision, correction, or polish.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mold without nicety or elegance; to form
with asperities and inequalities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To plaster with a mixture of lime and
shells or pebbles; as, to <i>roughcast</i> a building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"cast`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A rude model; the rudimentary, unfinished form of a
thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of plastering made of lime, with a
mixture of shells or pebbles, used for covering buildings.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rough"cast`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
roughcasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"draw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To draw or
delineate rapidly and by way of a first sketch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"dry`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>in laundry
work, to dry without smoothing or ironing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Roughened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Roughening</u>.] [From <u>Rough</u>.] <def>To make rough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow or become
rough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"-foot`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feather-footed; as, a <i>rough-footed</i>
dove.</def> [R.]  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rough"-grained</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
rough grain or fiber; hence, figuratively, having coarse traits of
character; not polished; brisque.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The redfin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"hew`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To hew coarsely, without smoothing; as, to <i>roughhew</i>
timber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give the first form or shape to; to form
rudely; to shape approximately and rudely; to roughcast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There's a divinity that shapes our ends,<BR>
<i>Roughhew</i> them how we will.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rough"hew`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
roughhews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"hewn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hewn coarsely without smoothing; unfinished; not
polished.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of coarse manners; rude; uncultivated;
rough-grained.</def> "A <i>roughhewn</i> seaman."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rough"ing-in`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The first
coat of plaster laid on brick; also, the process of applying
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Rowen.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Rough"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
rough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"leg`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of large hawks of the genus
<i>Archibuteo</i>, having the legs feathered to the toes.  Called also
<i>rough-legged hawk</i>, and <i>rough-legged buzzard</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The best known species is <i>Archibuteo lagopus</i> of
Northern Europe, with its darker American variety (<i>Sancti-
johannis</i>). The latter is often nearly or quite black. The
ferruginous roughleg (<i>Archibuteo ferrugineus</i>) inhabits Western
North America.</p>

<p><hw>Rough"-legged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the legs covered with feathers; --
said of a bird.</def></p>

<p><col><b>rough-legged hawk</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Roughleg</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rough"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rough manner;
unevenly; harshly; rudely; severely; austerely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being rough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"rid`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who breaks
horses; especially <i>(Mil.)</i>, a noncommissioned officer in the
British cavalry, whose duty is to assist the riding master.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"scuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rough</i> +
<i>scuff</i>.] <def>A rough, coarse fellow; collectively, the lowest
class of the people; the rabble; the riffraff.</def> [Colloq.
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Rough"set`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mason who
builds rough stonework.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"shod</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shod with shoes
armed with points or calks; as, a <i>roughshod</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To ride roughshod</b></col>, <cd>to pursue a course
regardless of the pain or distress it may cause others.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Rough"strings`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Capr.)</i> <def>Pieces of undressed timber put under the steps of
a wooden stair for their support.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rought</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Reach</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rought</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Reck</u>,
to care.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rough"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of small ground snakes of the family
<i>Uropeltid&aelig;</i>; -- so called from their <i>rough
tails</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To work over
coarsely, without regard to nicety, smoothness, or finish.</def>
<i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rough"wrought`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wrought in a
rough, unfinished way; worked over coarsely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rouk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See 5th
<u>Ruck</u>, and <u>Roke</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Rou`lade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A smoothly running passage of short notes (as semiquavers, or
sixteenths) uniformly grouped, sung upon one long syllable, as in
Handel's oratorios.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rou`leau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> F.
<plw><b>Rouleaux</b></plw> (F. &?;; E. &?;), E.
<plw><b>Rouleaus</b></plw> (#). [F., a roll, dim. fr. fr.
<i>r&ocirc;le</i>, formerly also spelt <i>roulle</i>. See
<u>Roll</u>.] <def>A little roll; a roll of coins put up in paper, or
something resembling such a roll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rou*lette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., properly, a
little wheel or ball. See <u>Rouleau</u>, <u>Roll</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A game of chance, in which a small ball is
made to move round rapidly on a circle divided off into numbered red
and black spaces, the one on which it stops indicating the result of a
variety of wagers permitted by the game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
small toothed wheel used by engravers to roll over a plate in order to
order to produce rows of dots.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
similar wheel used to roughen the surface of a plate, as in making
alterations in a mezzotint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>the curve traced by any
point in the plane of a given curve when the latter rolls, without
sliding, over another fixed curve. See <u>Cycloid</u>, and
<u>Epycycloid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rou"ly-pou`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Rolly-
pooly</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Roun</hw>, <hw>Rown</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>r&?;nian</i>, fr. <i>r&?;n</i> a rune, secret, mystery; akin
to G. <i>raunen</i> to whisper. See <u>Rune</u>.] <def>To
whisper.</def> [obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Another <i>rouned</i> to his fellow low.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rounce</hw> (rouns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ronce</i>
bramble, brier, thorn, <i>ranche</i> a round, step, rack, or E.
<i>round</i>.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The handle by which the bed of a
hand press, holding the form of type, etc., is run in under the platen
and out again; -- sometimes applied to the whole apparatus by which
the form is moved under the platen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roun"ce*val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>Ronceval</i>,
<i>Roncevaux</i>, a town at the foot of the foot of the Pyrenees, Sp.
<i>Roncesvalles</i>.] <def>Large; strong; -- from the gigantic bones
shown at Roncesvalles, and alleged to be those of old heroes.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Roun"ce*val</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A giant; anything
large; a kind of pea called also <i>marrowfat</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Roun"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A common hackney
horse; a nag.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>he rode upon a <i>rouncy</i> as he could.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Round</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [From
<u>Roun</u>.] <def>To whisper.</def> [obs.]  <i>Shak. Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Bishop of Glasgow <i>rounding</i> in his ear, "Ye
are not a wise man," . . . he <i>rounded</i> likewise to the bishop,
and said, "Wherefore brought ye me here?"</blockquote>
<i>Calderwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Round</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>roond</i>,
<i>roont</i>, <i>reond</i>, F. <i>rond</i>, fr. L. <i>rotundus</i>,
fr. <i>rota</i> wheel. See <u>Rotary</u>, and cf. <u>Rotund</u>,
<u>roundel</u>, <u>Rundlet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having every
portion of the surface or of the circumference equally distant from
the center; spherical; circular; having a form approaching a spherical
or a circular shape; orbicular; globular; as, a <i>round</i>
ball.</def> "The big, <i>round</i> tears."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the firm opacous globe<BR>
Of this <i>round</i> world.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of a cylinder; cylindrical;
as, the barrel of a musket is <i>round</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having a curved outline or form;
especially, one like the arc of a circle or an ellipse, or a portion
of the surface of a sphere; rotund; bulging; protuberant; not angular
or pointed; as, a <i>round</i> arch; <i>round</i> hills.</def> "Their
<i>round</i> haunches gored."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Full; complete; not broken; not fractional;
approximately in even units, tens, hundreds, thousands, etc.; -- said
of numbers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pliny put a <i>round</i> number near the truth, rather
than the fraction.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not inconsiderable; large; hence, generous;
free; as, a <i>round</i> price.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Three thousand ducats; 'tis a good <i>round</i>
sum.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Round</i> was their pace at first, but slackened
soon.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Uttered or emitted with a full tone; as, a
<i>round</i> voice; a <i>round</i> note.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Modified, as a vowel, by
contraction of the lip opening, making the opening more or less round
in shape; rounded; labialized; labial. See <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect; 11.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Outspoken; plain and direct; unreserved;
unqualified; not mincing; as, a <i>round</i> answer; a <i>round</i>
oath.</def> "The <i>round</i> assertion."  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir Toby, I must be <i>round</i> with you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Full and smoothly expanded; not defective
or abrupt; finished; polished; -- said of style, or of authors with
reference to their style.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In his satires Horace is quick, <i>round</i>, and
pleasant.</blockquote> <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Complete and consistent; fair; just; --
applied to conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Round</i> dealing is the honor of man's
nature.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At a round rate</b></col>, <cd>rapidly.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i>
-- <col><b>In round numbers</b></col>, <cd>approximately in even
units, tens, hundreds, etc.; as, a bin holding 99 or 101 bushels may
be said to hold <i>in round numbers</i> 100 bushels.</cd> --
<col><b>Round bodies</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the sphere right
cone, and right cylinder.</cd> -- <col><b>Round clam</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the quahog.</cd> -- <col><b>Round
dance</b></col> <cd>one which is danced by couples with a whirling or
revolving motion, as the waltz, polka, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Round
game</b></col>, <cd>a game, as of cards, in which each plays on his
own account.</cd> -- <col><b>Round hand</b></col>, <cd>a style of
penmanship in which the letters are formed in nearly an upright
position, and each separately distinct; -- distinguished from
<i>running hand</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Round robin</b></col>. [Perhaps
F. <i>round</i> round + <i>ruban</i> ribbon.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A written petition, memorial, remonstrance, protest, etc., the
signatures to which are made in a circle so as not to indicate who
signed first.</cd>  "No <i>round robins</i> signed by the whole main
deck of the Academy or the Porch." <i>De Quincey.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>The cigar fish.</cd> --
<col><b>Round shot</b></col>, <cd>a solid spherical projectile for
ordnance.</cd> -- <col><b>Round Table</b></col>, <cd>the table about
which sat King Arthur and his knights. See <i>Knights of the Round
Table</i>, under <u>Knight</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Round tower</b></col>,
<cd>one of certain lofty circular stone towers, tapering from the base
upward, and usually having a conical cap or roof, which crowns the
summit, -- found chiefly in Ireland. They are of great antiquity, and
vary in heigh from thirty-five to one hundred and thiry feet.</cd> --
<col><b>Round trot</b></col>, <cd>one in which the horse throws out
his feet roundly; a full, brisk, quick trot.</cd> <i>Addison.</i> --
<col><b>Round turn</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>one turn of a rope
round a timber, a belaying pin, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring up with
a round turn</b></col>, <cd>to stop abruptly.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Circular; spherical; globular; globase; orbicular;
orbed; cylindrical; full; plump; rotund.</p>

<p><hw>Round</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything round, as a circle, a globe, a ring. "The golden
<i>round</i>" [the crown].</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In labyrinth of many a <i>round</i> self-
rolled.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A series of changes or events ending where
it began; a series of like events recurring in continuance; a cycle; a
periodical revolution; as, the <i>round</i> of the seasons; a
<i>round</i> of pleasures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A course of action or conduct performed by
a number of persons in turn, or one after another, as if seated in a
circle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Women to cards may be compared: we play<BR>
A <i>round</i> or two; which used, we throw away.</blockquote>
<i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The feast was served; the bowl was crowned;<BR>
To the king's pleasure went the mirthful <i>round</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A series of duties or tasks which must be
performed in turn, and then repeated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>the trivial <i>round</i>, the common task.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A circular dance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, knit hands, and beat the ground,<BR>
In a light fantastic <i>round</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which goes round a whole circle or
company; as, a <i>round</i> of applause.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Rotation, as in office; succession.</def>
<i>Holyday.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The step of a ladder; a rundle or rung;
also, a crosspiece which joins and braces the legs of a
chair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>rounds</i> like Jacob's ladder
rise.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A course ending where it began; a circuit;
a beat; especially, one freguently or regulary traversed; also, the
act of traversing a circuit; as, a watchman's <i>round</i>; the
<i>rounds</i> of the postman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A walk
performed by a guard or an officer round the rampart of a garrison, or
among sentinels, to see that the sentinels are faithful and all things
safe; also, the guard or officer, with his attendants, who performs
this duty; -- usually in the plural.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
general discharge of firearms by a body of troops in which each
soldier fires once.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Ammunition for
discharging a piece or pieces once; as, twenty <i>rounds</i> of
ammunition were given out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short vocal piece,
resembling a catch in which three or four voices follow each other
round in a species of canon in the unison.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>The time during which prize fighters or
boxers are in actual contest without an intermission, as prescribed by
their rules; a bout.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>A brewer's vessel in which the
fermentation is concluded, the yeast escaping through the
bunghole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>A vessel filled, as for drinking.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>An assembly; a group; a circle; as, a
<i>round</i> of politicians.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Roundtop</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>Same as <i>Round of beef</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p> </p>

<p><col><b>Gentlemen of the round</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Gentlemen soldiers of low rank who made the rounds. See 10
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, above.</cd>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Disbanded
soldiers who lived by begging.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Worm-eaten <i>gentlemen of the round</i>, such as have
vowed to sit on the skirts of the city, let your provost and his half
dozen of halberdiers do what they can.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Round of beef</b></col>, <cd>the part of the thigh below
the aitchbone, or between the rump and the leg.</cd> See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>beef</u>. -- <col><b>Round steak</b></col>, <cd>a
beefsteak cut from the round.</cd> -- <col><b>Sculpture in the
round</b></col>, <cd>sculpture giving the full form, as of man;
statuary, distinguished from relief.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1255 !></p>

<p><hw>Round</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On
all sides; around.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Round</i> he throws his baleful eyes.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Circularly; in a circular form or manner;
by revolving or reversing one's position; as, to turn one's head
<i>round</i>; a wheel turns <i>round</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In circumference; as, a ball is ten inches
<i>round</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>From one side or party to another; as to
come or turn <i>round</i>, -- that is, to change sides or
opinions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>By or in a circuit; by a course longer than
the direct course; back to the starting point.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Through a circle, as of friends or
houses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The invitations were sent <i>round</i>
accordingly.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Roundly; fully; vigorously.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>All round</b></col>, <cd>over the whole place; in every
direction.</cd> -- <col><b>All-round</b></col>, <cd>of general
capacity; as, an <i>all-round</i> man.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To
bring one round</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To cause one to
change his opinions or line of conduct</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To restore one to health</cd>. [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Round</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>On every side of,
so as to encompass or encircle; around; about; as, the people atood
<i>round</i> him; to go <i>round</i> the city; to wind a cable
<i>round</i> a windlass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The serpent Error twines <i>round</i> human
hearts.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Round about</b></col>, <cd>an emphatic form for
<i>round</i> or <i>about</i>.</cd> "Moses . . . set them [The elders]
<i>round about</i> the tabernacle." <i>Num. xi. 24.</i> -- <col><b>To
come round</b></col>, <cd>to gain the consent of, or circumvent, (a
person) by flattery or deception.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Round</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rounding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make circular, spherical,
or cylindrical; to give a round or convex figure to; as, to
<i>round</i> a silver coin; to <i>round</i> the edges of
anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Worms with many feet, which <i>round</i> themselves
into balls, are bred chiefly under logs of timber.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The figures on our modern medals are raised and
<i>rounded</i> to a very great perfection.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To surround; to encircle; to
encompass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inclusive verge<BR>
Of golden metal that must <i>round</i> my brow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring to fullness or completeness; to
complete; hence, to bring to a fit conclusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are such stuff<BR>
As dreams are made on, and our little life<BR>
Is <i>rounded</i> with a sleep.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To go round wholly or in part; to go about
(a corner or point); as, to <i>round</i> a corner; to <i>round</i>
Cape Horn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make full, smooth, and flowing; as, to
<i>round</i> periods in writing.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To round in</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To haul up;
usually, to haul the slack of (a rope) through its leading block, or
to haul up (a tackle which hangs loose) by its fall.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To collect together (cattle) by
riding around them, as on cattle ranches</cd>. [Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Round</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
grow round or full; hence, to attain to fullness, completeness, or
perfection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The queen your mother <i>rounds</i> apace.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>rounds</i> he to a separate mind,<BR>
From whence clear memory may begin.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go round, as a guard.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . nightly <i>rounding</i> walk.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go or turn round; to wheel about.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To round to</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to turn the head
of a ship toward the wind.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Round"a*bout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Circuitous; going round; indirect; as, <i>roundabout</i>
speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have taken a terrible <i>roundabout</i>
road.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Encircling; enveloping;
comprehensive.</def> "Large, sound, <i>roundabout</i> sense."
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Round"a*bout`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A horizontal wheel or frame, commonly with wooden horses, etc.,
on which children ride; a merry-go-round.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dance performed in a circle.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A short, close jacket worn by boys,
sailors, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A state or scene of constant change, or of
recurring labor and vicissitude.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Round"a*bout`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being roundabout; circuitousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Round"-arm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Cricket)</i>
<def>Applied to the method delivering the ball in bowling, by swinging
the arm horizontally.</def>  <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Round"-backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
round back or shoulders; round-shouldered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Round"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phonetics)</i>
<def>Modified by contraction of the lip opening; labialized; labial.
See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect; 11.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roun"del</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>rondel</i> a
roundelay, F. <i>rondel</i>, <i>rondeau</i>, a dim. fr. <i>rond</i>;
for sense 2, cf. F. <i>rondelle</i> a round, a round shield. See
<u>Round</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Rondel</u>,
<u>Rondelay</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
rondelay.</def>  "Sung all the <i>roundel</i> lustily."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, now a <i>roundel</i> and a fairy
song.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything having a round form; a round
figure; a circle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Spaniards, casting themselves into <i>roundels</i>,
. . . made a flying march to Calais.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small circular shield,
sometimes not more than a foot in diameter, used by soldiers in the
fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A circular spot; a sharge in the form of a small
circle.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A bastion of a
circular form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Round"e*lay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>rondelet</i>, dim. of <i>rondel</i>. See <u>Roundel</u>,
<u>Roundeau</u>, and cf. <u>Roundlet</u>, <u>Rundlet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Poetry)</i> <def>See <u>Rondeau</u>, and
<u>Rondel</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tune in
which a simple strain is often repeated; a simple rural strain which
is short and lively.</def> <i>Spenser.</i>  <i>Tennyson.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A dance in a circle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything having a round form; a
roundel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Round"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who rounds; one who comes about frequently or
regularly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tool for making an edge or surface
round.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An English game somewhat
resembling baseball; also, another English game resembling the game of
fives, but played with a football.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now we play <i>rounders</i>, and then we played
prisoner's base.</blockquote> <i>Bagehot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Round"fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any ordinary market fish, exclusive of
flounders, sole, halibut, and other <i>flatfishes</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A lake whitefish (<i>Coregonus
quadrilateralis</i>), less compressed than the common species.  It is
very abundant in British America and Alaska.</def></p>

<p><hw>Round"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>
<def>A nickname for a Puritan. See <i>Roundheads</i>, <i>the</i>, in
the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.</def>  <i>Toone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Round"head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a round
head or top.</def></p>

<p><hw>Round"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A constable's prison; a lockup, watch-house, or station
house.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cabin
or apartament on the after part of the quarter-deck, having the poop
for its roof; -- sometimes called the <i>coach</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A privy near the bow of the vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A house for locomotive engines, built
circularly around a turntable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Round"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Round or nearly
round; becoming round; roundish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Round"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Small rope, or strands of rope, or spun yarn,
wound round a rope to keep it from chafing; -- called also
<i>service</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Modifying a speech sound
by contraction of the lip opening; labializing; labialization. See
<i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect; 11.</def></p>

<p><hw>Round"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat round; as, a
<i>roundish</i> seed; a <i>roundish</i> figure.</def> --
<wf>Round"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Round"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
circle.</def>  <i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Round"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a round form or manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Openly; boldly; peremptorily;
plumply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He affirms everything <i>roundly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Briskly; with speed.</def>
<i>locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two of the outlaws walked <i>roundly</i>
forward.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Completely; vigorously; in earnest.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Without regard to detail; in gross;
comprehensively; generally; as, to give numbers
<i>roundly</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In speaking <i>roundly</i> of this period.</blockquote>
<i>H. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Round"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being round in shape; as, the
<i>roundness</i> of the globe, of the orb of the sun, of a ball, of a
bowl, a column, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fullness; smoothness of flow; as, the
<i>roundness</i> of a period; the <i>roundness</i> of a note;
<i>roundness</i> of tone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Openess; plainess; boldness; positiveness;
as, the <i>roundness</i> of an assertion.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Circularity; sphericity; globosity; globularity;
globularness; orbicularness; cylindricity; fullness; plumpness;
rotundity.</p>

<p><hw>Round"ridge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i>
<def>To form into round ridges by plowing.</def>  <i>B.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>Round"-shoul`dered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the shoulders stooping or projecting; round-backed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rounds"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Roundsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A patrolman; also, a policeman
who acts as an inspector over the rounds of the patrolmen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Round"top`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
top; a platform at a masthead; -- so called because formerly round in
shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Round"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
collecting or gathering together scattered cattle by riding around
them and driving them in.</def> [Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Roun"dure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Rondure</u>.] <def>Roundness; a round or circle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Round"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A nematoid worm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Round"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Round.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roup</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. hr&?;pan
to cry out, G. <i>rufen</i>, Goth. <i>hr&?;pian</i>.  Cf.
<u>Roop</u>.] <def>To cry or shout; hence, to sell by auction.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roup</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
outcry; hence, a sale of gods by auction.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>roup</i>, that is, the sale of his crops, was
over.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disease in poultry. See
<u>Pip</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rous"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(her.)</i>
<def>Rising; -- applied to a bird in the attitude of rising; also,
sometmes, to a bird in profile with wings addorsed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rouse</hw> (rouz or rous), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>
[Perhaps the same word as <i>rouse</i> to start up, "buckle to."]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To pull or haul strongly and all together, as upon
a rope, without the assistance of mechanical appliances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rouse</hw> (rouz), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>roes</i>
drunkeness, icel. <i>r&?;ss</i>, Sw. <i>rus</i>, G. <i>rauchen</i>,
and also E. <i>rouse</i>, v.t., <i>rush</i>, v.i.  Cf. <u>Row</u> a
disturbance.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bumper in honor of a toast or
health.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A carousal; a festival; a drinking
frolic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fill the cup, and fill the can,<BR>
Have a <i>rouse</i> before the morn.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rouse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Roused</u> (rouzd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rousing</u>.] [Probably of Scan. origin; cf. Sw. <i>rusa</i> to
rush, Dan. <i>ruse</i>, AS. <i>hre&oacute;san</i> to fall, rush.  Cf.
<u>Rush</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to
start from a covert or lurking place; as, to <i>rouse</i> a deer or
other animal of the chase.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like wild boars late <i>roused</i> out of the
brakes.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rouse</i> the fleet hart, and cheer the opening
hound.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wake from sleep or repose; as, to
<i>rouse</i> one early or suddenly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To excite to lively thought or action from
a state of idleness, languor, stupidity, or indifference; as, to
<i>rouse</i> the faculties, passions, or emotions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>rouse</i> up a people, the most phlegmatic of any
in Christendom.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put in motion; to stir up; to
agitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blustering winds, which all night long<BR>
Had <i>roused</i> the sea.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To raise; to make erect.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser. Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rouse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
get or start up; to rise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Night's black agents to their preys do
<i>rouse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To awake from sleep or repose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Morpheus <i>rouses</i> from his bed.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be exited to thought or action from a
state of indolence or inattention.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rous"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, rouses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something very exciting or great.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Brewing)</i> <def>A stirrer in a copper for
boiling wort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rous"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having power to awaken or excite; exciting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I begin to feel<BR>
Some <i>rousing</i> motions in me.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very great; violent; astounding; as, a
<i>rousing</i> fire; a <i>rousing</i> lie.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Rous"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rousing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rous*sette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; -- so called in
allusion to the color. See <u>Russet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fruit bat, especially the large species
(<i>Pieropus vulgaris</i>) inhabiting the islands of the Indian ocean.
It measures about a yard across the expanded wings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small shark of the
genus <i>Scyllium</i>; -- called also <i>dogfish</i>. See
<u>Dogfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roust</hw> (roust), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rouse; to
disturb; as, to <i>roust</i> one out.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Roust</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>r&ouml;st</i> an
estuary.] <def>A strong tide or current, especially in a narrow
channel.</def> [Written also <i>rost</i>, and <i>roost</i>.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roust"a*bout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <def>A laborer, especially a deck hand, on a river
steamboat, who moves the cargo, loads and unloads wood, and the like;
in an opprobrious sense, a shiftless vagrant who lives by chance
jobs.</def> [Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Rout</hw> (rout), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hr&umacr;tan</i>.] <def>To roar; to bellow; to snort; to snore
loudly.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bellowing; a shouting;
noise; clamor; uproar; disturbance; tumult.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This new book the whole world makes such a <i>rout</i>
about.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"My child, it is not well," I said,<BR>
"Among the graves to shout;<BR>
To laugh and play among the dead,<BR>
And make this noisy <i>rout</i>."</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [A variant of <i>root</i>.]
<def>To scoop out with a gouge or other tool; to furrow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To rout out</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To turn up to
view, as if by rooting; to discover; to find</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To turn out by force or compulsion; as, <i>to rout</i> people
<i>out</i> of bed.</cd> [Colloq.]
</p>

<p><hw>Rout</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To search or root in
the ground, as a swine.</def>  <i>Edwards.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>route</i>, LL.
<i>rupta</i>, properly, a breaking, fr. L. <i>ruptus</i>, p. p. of
<i>rumpere</i> to break. See <u>Rupture</u>, <u>reave</u>, and cf.
<u>Rote</u> repetition of forms, <u>Route</u>. In some senses this
word has been confused with <i>rout</i> a bellowing, an uproar.]
[Formerly spelled also <i>route</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A troop;
a throng; a company; an assembly; especially, a traveling company or
throng.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>route</i> of ratones [rats]." <i>Piers
Plowman.</i>  "A great solemn <i>route</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And ever he rode the hinderest of the
<i>route</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>rout</i> of people there assembled
were.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disorderly and tumultuous crowd; a mob;
hence, the rabble; the herd of common people.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>the endless <i>routs</i> of wretched
thralls.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ringleader and head of all this
<i>rout</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor do I name of men the common
<i>rout</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being disorganized and thrown
into confusion; -- said especially of an army defeated, broken in
pieces, and put to flight in disorder or panic; also, the act of
defeating and breaking up an army; as, the <i>rout</i> of the enemy
was complete.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>thy army . . . <BR>
Dispersed in <i>rout</i>, betook them all to fly.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To these giad conquest, murderous <i>rout</i> to
those.</blockquote> <i>pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A disturbance of the peace by
persons assembled together with intent to do a thing which, if
executed, would make them rioters, and actually making a motion toward
the executing thereof.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A fashionable assembly, or large evening
party.</def> "At <i>routs</i> and dances."  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To put to rout</b></col>, <cd>to defeat and throw into
confusion; to overthrow and put to flight.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Routed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Routing</u>.] <def>To break the ranks of, as troops, and put them
to flight in disorder; to put to rout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That party . . . that charged the Scots, so totally
<i>routed</i> and defeated their whole army, that they
fied.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To defeat; discomfit; overpower; overthrow.</p>

<p><hw>Rout</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To assemble in a crowd,
whether orderly or disorderly; to collect in company.</def> [obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In all that land no Christian[s] durste
<i>route</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Route</hw> (r&oomac;t or  rout; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
& F. <i>route</i>, OF. <i>rote</i>, fr. L. <i>rupta</i> (sc.
<i>via</i>), fr. <i>ruptus</i>, p. p. of <i>rumpere</i> to break;
hence, literally, a broken or beaten way or path. See <u>Rout</u>, and
cf. <u>Rut</u> a track.] <def>The course or way which is traveled or
passed, or is to be passed; a passing; a course; a road or path; a
march.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wide through the furzy field their <i>route</i> they
take.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rout"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plane made like a spokeshave, for working
the inside edges of circular sashes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
plane with a hooked tool protruding far below the sole, for smoothing
the bottom of a cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Routhe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ruth; sorrow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rou"ti*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Involving, or
pertaining to, routine; ordinary; customary.</def> [R.]
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rou*tine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>route</i>
a path, way, road. See <u>Route</u>, <u>Rote</u>repetition.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A round of business, amusement, or pleasure,
daily or frequently pursued; especially, a course of business or
offical duties regularly or frequently returning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any regular course of action or procedure
rigidly adhered to by the mere force of habit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rou*tin""ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>the practice
of doing things with undiscriminating, mechanical
regularity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rou*tin"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who habituated
to a routine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rout"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uproarious;
riotous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rout"ous*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>With that violation of law called a rout. See 5th <u>Rout</u>,
4.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Roux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. beurre <i>roux</i>
brown butter.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A thickening, made of flour, for
soups and gravies.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1256 !></p>

<p><hw>Rove</hw> (r&omacr;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [perhaps fr. or
akin to <i>reeve</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw through an eye
or aperture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw out into flakes; to card, as
wool.</def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To twist slightly; to bring together, as
slivers of wool or cotton, and twist slightly before
spinning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rove</hw> (r&omacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A copper washer upon which the end of a nail is clinched in boat
building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A roll or sliver of wool or cotton drawn
out and slighty twisted, preparatory to further process; a
roving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rove</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Roved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Roving</u>.] [Cf. D. <i>rooven</i> to rob; akin to E. <i>reave</i>.
See <u>Reave</u>, <u>Rob</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To practice
robbery on the seas; to wander about on the seas in piracy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to wander; to ramble; to rauge; to
go, move, or pass without certain direction in any manner, by sailing,
walking, riding, flying, or otherwise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For who has power to walk has power to
<i>rove</i>.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Archery)</i> <def>To shoot at rovers; hence,
to shoot at an angle of elevation, not at point-blank (rovers usually
being beyond the point-blank range).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair Venus' son, that with thy cruel dart<BR>
At that good knight so cunningly didst <i>rove</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To wander; roam; range; ramble stroll.</p>

<p><hw>Rove</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
wander over or through.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Roving</i> the field, I chanced<BR>
A goodly tree far distant to behold.</blockquote> <i>milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To plow into ridges by turning the earth of
two furrows together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rove</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of wandering; a
ramble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In thy nocturnal <i>rove</i> one moment
halt.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rove beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of beetles of the family <i>Staphylinid&aelig;</i>,
having short elytra beneath which the wings are folded transversely.
They are rapid runners, and seldom fly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>roover</i> a
robber. See <u>Rove</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who practices robbery on the seas; a pirate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet Pompey the Great deserveth honor more justly for
scouring the seas, and taking from the <i>rovers</i> 846 sail of
ships.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who wanders about by sea or land; a
wanderer; a rambler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a fickle, inconstant
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Croquet)</i> <def>A ball which has passed
through all the hoops and would go out if it hit the stake but is
continued in play; also, the player of such a ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Archery)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Casual
marks at uncertain distances.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sort of arrow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All sorts, flights, <i>rovers</i>, and butt
shafts.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At rovers</b></col>, <cd>at casual marks; hence, at random;
as, shooting <i>at rovers</i>. See def. 5 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
above.</cd> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bound down on every side with many bands because it
shall not run <i>at rovers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia).</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Rov"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
operatin of forming the rove, or slightly twisted sliver or roll of
wool or cotton, by means of a machine for the purpose, called a
<i>roving frame</i>, or <i>roving machine</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A roll or sliver of wool or cotton drawn
out and slightly twisted; a rove. See 2d <u>Rove</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Roving frame</b></col>, <col><b>Roving machine</b></col>,
<cd>a machine for drawing and twisting roves and twisting roves and
winding them on bobbin for the spinning machine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rov"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
roves or wanders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rov"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wandering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rov"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
roving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Row</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Rough</u>.]
<def>Rough; stern; angry.</def> [Obs.] "Lock he never so <i>row</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Row</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr. <i>rouse</i>, n.]
<def>A noisy, turbulent quarrel or disturbance; a brawl.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rowe</i>,
<i>rawe</i>, <i>rewe</i>, AS. <i>r&amacr;w</i>, <i>r&?;w</i>; probably
akin to D. <i>rij</i>, G. <i>reihe</i>; cf. Skr. <i>r&?;kh&amacr;</i>
a line, stroke.] <def>A series of persons or things arranged in a
continued line; a line; a rank; a file; as, a <i>row</i> of trees; a
<i>row</i> of houses or columns.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And there were windows in three
<i>rows</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings vii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bright seraphim in burning <i>row</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Row culture</b></col> <i>(Agric.)</i>, <cd>the practice of
cultivating crops in drills.</cd> -- <col><b>Row of points</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the points on a line, infinite in number, as the
points in which a pencil of rays is intersected by a line.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Row</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rowing</u>.] [AS. <i>r&?;wan</i>; akin to D. <i>roeijen</i>, MHG.
<i>r&uuml;ejen</i>, Dan. <i>roe</i>, Sw. <i>ro</i>, Icel.
<i>r&?;a</i>, L. <i>remus</i> oar, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>aritra</i>.
&radic;8.  Cf. <u>Rudder</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To propel with
oars, as a boat or vessel, along the surface of water; as, to
<i>row</i> a boat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To transport in a boat propelled with oars;
as, to <i>row</i> the captain ashore in his barge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Row</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
use the oar; as, to <i>row</i> well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be moved by oars; as, the boat
<i>rows</i> easily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Row</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of rowing;
excursion in a rowboat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Row"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
rowed, or rowed upon.</def> "That long barren fen, once
<i>rowable</i>."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Row"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rowan
tree.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rowan barry</b></col>, <cd>a barry of the rowan
tree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Row"an tree`</hw> (?). [Cf. Sw. <i>r&ouml;nn</i>, Dan.
<i>r&ouml;nne</i>, Icel. <i>reynir</i>, and L. <i>ornus</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A european tree (<i>Pyrus aucuparia</i>) related to
the apple, but with pinnate leaves and flat corymbs of small white
flowers followed by little bright red berries.  Called also <i>roan
tree</i>, and <i>mountain ash</i>.  The name is also applied to two
American trees of similar habit (<i>Pyrus Americana</i>, and <i>P.
sambucifolia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Row"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boat designed
to be propelled by oars instead of sails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Row"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rowdies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Rout</u>, or Row a brawl.]
<def>One who engages in rows, or noisy quarrels; a ruffianly
fellow.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Row"dy*dow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hubbub;
uproar.</def> [Vulgar]</p>

<p><hw>Row"dy*dow`dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Uproarious.</def> [Vulgar]</p>

<p><hw>Row"dy*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a rowdy
in temper or conduct; characteristic of a rowdy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Row"dy*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>the conduct of a
rowdy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rowed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed into a row, or
rows; having a row, or rows; as, a twelve-<i>rowed</i> ear of
corn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Row"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>roele</i>,
<i>rouele</i>, properly, a little wheel, F. <i>rouelle</i> collop,
slice, LL. <i>rotella</i> a little wheel, dim. of L. <i>rota</i> a
wheel. See <u>Roll</u>, and cf. <u>Rota</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The little wheel of a spur, with sharp points.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With sounding whip, and <i>rowels</i> dyed in
blood.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A little flat ring or wheel on horses'
bits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The iron <i>rowels</i> into frothy foam he
bit.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A roll of hair, silk, etc.,
passed through the flesh of horses, answering to a seton in human
surgery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Row"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Roweled</u> (?) or <u>Rowelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Roweling</u> or <u>Rowelling</u>.] <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>To insert a rowel, or roll of hair or silk, into (as the flesh of
a horse).</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Row"el bone`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>rewel bone</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Row"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. E. <i>rough</i>, OE.
<i>row</i>, <i>rowe</i>.] [Called also <i>rowet</i>, <i>rowett</i>,
<i>rowings</i>, <i>roughings</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stubble
field left unplowed till late in the autumn, that it may be cropped by
cattle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Turn your cows, that give milk, into your <i>rowens</i>
till snow comes.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The second growth of grass in a season;
aftermath.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Row"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who rows with an
oar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Row"ett</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rowen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Row"lock</hw> (? <i>colloq.</i> &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>oarlock</i>; AS. &fist;<i>rloc</i>, where the second part is skin
to G. <i>loch</i> a hole, E. <i>lock</i> a fastening. See <u>Oar</u>,
and <u>Lock</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A contrivance or arrangement
serving as a fulcrum for an oar in rowing. It consists sometimes of a
notch in the gunwale of a boat, sometimes of a pair of pins between
which the oar rests on the edge of the gunwale, sometimes of a single
pin passing through the oar, or of a metal fork or stirrup pivoted in
the gunwale and suporting the oar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rown</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>see
<u>Roun</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Row"port</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An
opening in the side of small vessels of war, near the surface of the
water, to facilitate rowing in calm weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rox"burgh</hw> (?; Scot. &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the
third duke of <i>Roxburgh</i> (Scotland), a noted book collector who
had his books so bound.] <def>A style of bookbinding in which the back
is plain leather, the sides paper or cloth, the top gilt-edged, but
the front and bottom left uncut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roy</hw> (roi), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>roi</i>.] <def>A
king.</def> [obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Roy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Royal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>roial</i>,
<i>riall</i>, <i>real</i>, OF. <i>roial</i>. <i>reial</i>, F.
<i>royal</i>, fr. L. <i>regalis</i>, fr. <i>rex</i>, <i>regis</i>,
king. See <u>Rich</u>, and cf. <u>regal</u>, <u>real</u> a coin,
<u>Rial</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Kingly; pertaining to the crown
or the sovereign; suitable for a king or queen; regal; as,
<i>royal</i> power or prerogative; <i>royal</i> domains; the
<i>royal</i> family; <i>royal</i> state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Noble; generous; magnificent;
princely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How doth that <i>royal</i> merchant, good
Antonio?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Under the patronage of royality; holding a
charter granted by the sovereign; as, the <i>Royal</i> Academy of
Arts; the <i>Royal</i> Society.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Battle royal</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Battle</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Royal bay</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the classic laurel
(<i>Laurus nobilis</i>.)</cd> -- <col><b>Royal eagle</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Golden eagle</i>, under
<u>Golden</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Royal fern</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the handsome fern <i>Osmunda regalis</i>. See <u>Osmund</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Royal mast</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the mast next
above the topgallant mast and usually the highest on a square-rigged
vessel. The <i>royal yard</i> and <i>royal sail</i> are attached to
the <i>royal mast</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Royal metal</b></col>, <cd>an
old name for gold.</cd> -- <col><b>Royal palm</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a magnificent West Indian palm tree (<i>Oreodoxa regia</i>),
lately discovered also in Florida.</cd> -- <col><b>Royal
pheasant</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Curassow</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Royal
purple</b></col>, <cd>an intense violet color, verging toward
blue.</cd> -- <col><b>Royal tern</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
large, crested American tern (<i>Sterna maxima</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Royal tiger</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Tiger</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Royal touch</b></col>, <cd>the touching
of a diseased person by the hand of a king, with the view of restoring
to health; -- formerly extensively practiced, particularly for the
scrofula, or king's evil.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Kingly; regal; monarchical; imperial; kinglike;
princely; august; majestic; superb; splendid; illustrious; noble;
magnanimous.</p>

<p><hw>Roy"al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Printing and writing papers of particular sizes. See under
<u>paper</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small sail immediately
above the topgallant sail.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the upper or
distal branches of an antler, as the third and fourth tynes of the
antlers of a stag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A small mortar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>One of the soldiers of the
first regiment of foot of the British army, formerly called the
<i>Royals</i>, and supposed to be the oldest regular corps in Europe;
-- now called the <i>Royal Scots</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An old English coin. See
<u>Rial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roy"al*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A petty or
powerless king.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>there were at this time two other <i>royalets</i>, as
only kings by his leave.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roy"al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>royalisme</i>.] <def>the principles or conduct of
royalists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roy"al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>royaliste</i>.] <def>An adherent of a king (as of Charles I. in
England, or of the Bourbons in france); one attached to monarchical
government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where Ca'ndish fought, the <i>Royalists</i>
prevailed.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roy`al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
making loyal to a king.</def> [R.]  <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roy"al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>to make
royal.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roy"al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a royal or
kingly manner; like a king; as becomes a king.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His body shall be <i>royally</i> interred.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roy"al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Royalties</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>roialt&eacute;</i>,
<i>royault&eacute;</i>, F. <i>royaut&eacute;</i>. See <u>Royal</u>,
and cf. <u>Regality</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being
royal; the condition or quality of a royal person; kingship; kingly
office; sovereignty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Royalty</i> by birth was the sweetest way of
majesty.</blockquote> <i>Holyday.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The person of a king or sovereign; majesty;
as, in the presence of <i>royalty</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For thus his <i>royalty</i> doth speak.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An emblem of royalty; -- usually in the
plural, meaning <i>regalia</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore do I assume<BR>
These <i>royalties</i>, and not refuse to reign?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Kingliness; spirit of regal
authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In his <i>royalty</i> of nature<BR>
Reigns that which would be fear'd.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Domain; province; sphere.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which is due to a sovereign, as a
seigniorage on gold and silver coined at the mint, metals taken from
mines, etc.; the tax exacted in lieu of such share;
imperiality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A share of the product or profit (as of a
mine, forest, etc.), reserved by the owner for permitting another to
use the property.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Hence <i>(Com.)</i>, a duty paid by a
manufacturer to the owner of a patent or a copyright at a certain rate
for each article manufactured; or, a percentage paid to the owner of
an article by one who hires the use of it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Royne</hw> (roin), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>rogner</i>,
OF. <i>rooignier</i>, to clip, pare, scare, fr. L. <i>rotundus</i>
round See <u>Rotund</u>.] <def>To bite; to gnaw.</def> [Written also
<i>roin</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Royn"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>rogneux</i>, from
<i>rogne</i> scab, mange, itch.] <def>Mangy; scabby; hence, mean;
paltry; troublesome.</def> [Written also <i>roinish</i>.] [Obs.] "The
<i>roynish</i> clown."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Roys"ter</hw> (?), <hw>Roys"ter*er</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>same as <u>Roister</u>,
<u>Roisterer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roys"ton crow`</hw> (?). [So called from <i>Royston</i>, a town
in England.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Hooded crow</i>, under
<u>Hooded</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roy"te*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>roitelet</i>,
dim. of <i>roi</i> king.] <def>A little king.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Heylin.  Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Roy"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prob. for
<i>riotish</i>, from <i>riot</i>, like Scot. <i>roytous</i> for
<i>riotous</i>.] <def>Wild; irregular.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rub</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rubbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rubbing</u>.] [Probably of Celtic origin; cf. W. <i>rhwbiaw</i>,
gael. <i>rub</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To subject (a body) to the
action of something moving over its surface with pressure and
friction, especially to the action of something moving back and forth;
as, to <i>rub</i> the flesh with the hand; to <i>rub</i> wood with
sandpaper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It shall be expedient, after that body is cleaned, to
<i>rub</i> the body with a coarse linen cloth.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move over the surface of (a body) with
pressure and friction; to graze; to chafe; as, the boat <i>rubs</i>
the ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause (a body) to move with pressure and
friction along a surface; as, to <i>rub</i> the hand over the
body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two bones <i>rubbed</i> hard against one
another.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To spread a substance thinly over; to
smear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The smoothed plank, . . .<BR>
New <i>rubbed</i> with balm.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To scour; to burnish; to polish; to
brighten; to cleanse; -- often with <i>up</i> or <i>over</i>; as, to
<i>rub</i> up silver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole business of our redemption is to <i>rub</i>
over the defaced copy of the creation.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To hinder; to cross; to thwart.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>'T is the duke's pleasure,<BR>
Whose disposition, all the world well knows,<BR>
Will not be <i>rubbed</i> nor stopped.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To rub down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To clean by
rubbing; to comb or curry; as, <i>to down</i> a horse</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To reduce or remove by rubbing; as, <i>to rub
down</i> the rough points.</cd> -- <col><b>To rub off</b></col>,
<cd>to clean anything by rubbing; to separate by friction; as, <i>to
rub off</i> rust.</cd> -- <col><b>To rub out</b></col>, <cd>to remove
or separate by friction; to erase; to obliterate; as, <i>to rub
out</i> a mark or letter; <i>to rub out</i> a stain.</cd> --
<col><b>To rub up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To burnish; to
polish; to clean</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To excite; to awaken;
to rouse to action; as, <i>to rub up</i> the memory.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rub</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
move along the surface of a body with pressure; to grate; as, a wheel
<i>rubs</i> against the gatepost.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fret; to chafe; as, to <i>rub</i> upon a
sore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move or pass with difficulty; as, to
<i>rub</i> through woods, as huntsmen; to <i>rub</i> through the
world.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To rub along</b></col> or <col><b>on</b></col>, <cd>to go
on with difficulty; as, they manage, with strict economy, <i>to rub
along</i>.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Rub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>rhwb</i>. See Rub,
v,t,] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rubbing; friction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which rubs; that which tends to hinder
or obstruct motion or progress; hindrance; obstruction, an impediment;
especially, a difficulty or obstruction hard to overcome; a
pinch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>rub</i> is smoothed on our way.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To sleep, perchance to dream; ay, there's the
<i>rub</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon this <i>rub</i>, the English ambassadors thought
fit to demur.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One knows not, certainly, what other <i>rubs</i> might
have been ordained for us by a wise Providence.</blockquote> <i>W.
Besant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inequality of surface, as of the ground in
the game of bowls; unevenness.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something grating to the feelings; sarcasm;
joke; as, a hard <i>rub</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Imperfection; failing; fault.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A chance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Flight shall leave no Greek a <i>rub</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A stone, commonly flat, used to sharpen
cutting tools; a whetstone; -- called also <i>rubstone</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rub iron</b></col>, <cd>an iron guard on a wagon body,
against which a wheel rubs when cramped too much.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rub"a-dub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The sound of a
drum when continuously beaten; hence, a clamorous, repeated sound; a
clatter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rubadub</i> of the abolition
presses.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1257 !></p>

<p><hw>||Ru*ba"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <def>Robbed;
borrowed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Temple rubato</b></col>. [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>Borrowed
time; -- a term applied to a style of performance in which some tones
are held longer than their legitimate time, while others are
proportionally curtailed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rub"bage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rubbish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rub"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, rubs.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument or thing used in rubbing,
polishing, or cleaning.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A coarse file,
or the rough part of a file.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
whetstone; a rubstone.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>An eraser,
usually made of caoutchouc.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The cushion
of an electrical machine.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>One who
performs massage, especially in a Turkish bath.</def>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>Something that chafes or annoys; hence,
something that grates on the feelings; a sarcasm; a rub.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In some games, as whist, the odd game, as
the third or the fifth, when there is a tie between the players; as,
to play the <i>rubber</i>; also, a contest determined by the winning
of two out of three games; as, to play a <i>rubber</i> of whist.</def>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i>  "A <i>rubber</i> of cribbage."
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>India rubber; caoutchouc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An overshoe made of India rubber.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Antimony rubber</b></col>, <cd>an elastic durable variety
of vulcanized caoutchouc of a red color. It contains antimony sulphide
as an important constituent.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard rubber</b></col>,
<cd>a kind of vulcanized caoutchouc which nearly resembles horn in
texture, rigidity, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>India rubber</b></col>,
<cd>caoutchouc. See <u>Caoutchouc</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rubber
cloth</b></col>, <cd>cloth covered with caoutchouc for excluding water
or moisture.</cd> -- <col><b>Rubber dam</b></col> <i>(Dentistry)</i>,
<cd>a shield of thin sheet rubber clasped around a tooth to exclude
saliva from the tooth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rub"bidge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rubbish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rub"bing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Rub</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Rub"bish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>robows</i>,
<i>robeux</i>, rubble, originally an Old French plural from an assumed
dim. of <i>robe</i>, probably in the sense of trash; cf. It.
<i>robaccia</i> trash, <i>roba</i> stuff, goods, wares, robe.  Thus,
etymologically <i>rubbish</i> is the pl. of <i>rubble</i>. See
<u>Robe</u>, and cf. <u>Rubble</u>.] <def>Waste or rejected matter;
anything worthless; valueless stuff; trash; especially, fragments of
building materials or fallen buildings; ruins;
d&eacute;bris.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>rubbish</i> and what offal!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>he saw the town's one half in <i>rubbish</i>
lie.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rubbish pulley</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Gin block</i>, under
<u>Gin</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rub"bish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to rubbish; of the quality of rubbish; trashy.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rub"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From an assumed Old
French dim. of <i>robe</i> See <u>Rubbish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Water-worn or rough broken stones; broken bricks, etc., used in
coarse masonry, or to fill up between the facing courses of
walls.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inside [the wall] there was <i>rubble</i> or
mortar.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rough stone as it comes from the quarry;
also, a quarryman's term for the upper fragmentary and decomposed
portion of a mass of stone; brash.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A mass or stratum of
fragments or rock lying under the alluvium, and derived from the
neighboring rock.</def>  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The whole of the bran of wheat
before it is sorted into pollard, bran, etc.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Coursed rubble</b></col>, <cd>rubble masonry in which
courses are formed by leveling off the work at certain
heights.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rub"ble*stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rubble</u>, 1 and 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rub"ble*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Masonry
constructed of unsquared stones that are irregular in size and
shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rub"bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to, or
containing, rubble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*bed"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rubedo</i>
redness, fr. <i>rubere</i> to be red.] <def>Reddish.</def> [R.]  <i>M.
Stuart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru`be*fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rubefaciens</i>, p. pr. of <i>rubefacere</i> to make red;
<i>rubere</i> to be red + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Making
red.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An external
application which produces redness of the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru`be*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of making red.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"be*let</hw> (r&udd;"b&esl;*l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A little ruby.</def>  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ru*bel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>rubellus</i> reddish.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An acute specific disease
with a dusky red cutaneous eruption resembling that of measles, but
unattended by catarrhal symptoms; -- called also <i>German
measles</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*belle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rubellus</i>
reddish.] <def>A red color used in enameling.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bel*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rubellus</i>
reddish, dim. of <i>ruber</i> red.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of
tourmaline varying in color from a pale rose to a deep ruby, and
containing lithium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ru*be"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>ruber</i> red.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>the
measles.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Rubella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru`ber*y*thrin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ruber</i> red + <i>erythrin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, or designating, an acid extracted from madder root. It is a yellow
crystalline substance from which alizarin is obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*bes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being rubescent; a reddening; a flush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*bes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rubescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>rubescere</i> to grow
red, v. incho from <i>rubere</i> to be red: cf. F. <i>rubescent</i>.
See <u>Ruby</u>.] <def>Growing or becoming red; tending to
redness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru`bi*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rubia</i>
madder, fr. <i>rubeus</i> red.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
a very large natural order of plants (<i>Rubiace&aelig;</i>) named
after the madder (<i>Rubia tinctoria</i>), and including about three
hundred and seventy genera and over four thousand species. Among them
are the coffee tree, the trees yielding peruvian bark and quinine, the
madder, the quaker ladies, and the trees bearing the edible fruits
called genipap and Sierre Leone peach, besides many plants noted for
the beauty or the fragrance of their blossoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bi*a*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rubia</i>
madder, fr. <i>rubeus</i> red.] <i>(Chem)</i> <def>A substance found
in madder root, and probably identical with ruberythrinic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rubia</i>
madder, fr. <i>rubeus</i> red.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of several
color-producing glycosides found in madder root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru`bi*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>pertaining to, or derived from, rubian; specifically, designating
an acid called also <i>ruberythrinic</i> acid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ru" bi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ribble.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bi*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Colored a
prevailing red, bay, or black, with flecks of white or gray especially
on the flanks; -- said of horses.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bi*celle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rubacelle</i>, <i>rubicelle</i>, fr. L. <i>rubeus</i> red,
reddish.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of ruby of a yellowish red
color, from Brazil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bi*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anc. geog.)</i>
<def>A small river which separated Italy from Cisalpine Gaul, the
province alloted to Julius C&aelig;sar.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By leading an army across this river, contrary to the
prohibition of the civil government at Rome, C&aelig;sar precipitated
the civil war which resulted in the death of Pompey and the overthrow
of the senate; hence, the phrase <i>to pass</i> or <i>cross the
Rubicon</i> signifies to take the decisive step by which one is
committed to a hazardous enterprise from which there is no
retreat.</p>

<p><hw>Ru"bi*cund</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rubicundus</i>, fr. <i>rubere</i> to be red, akin to <i>ruber</i>
red. See <u>Red</u>.] <def>Inclining to redness; ruddy; red.</def>
"His <i>rubicund</i> face."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru`bi*cun"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>rubicunditas</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being rubicund;
ruddiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To parade your <i>rubicundity</i> and gray
hairs.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru*bid"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to rubidium; containing rubidium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bi*dine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A nitrogenous base homologous with pyridine, obtained from coal
tar as an oily liquid, C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>17</sub>N; also, any one of
the group od metameric compounds of which rubidine is the
type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*bid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>rubidus</i> red, fr. <i>rubere</i> to be red. So called from two
<i>dark red</i> spectroscopic lines by means of which it was
discovered in the lepidolite from Rozena, Moravia. See
<u>Rubicund</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element. It
occurs quite widely, but in small quantities, and always combined. It
is isolated as a soft yellowish white metal, analogous to potassium in
most of its properties.  Symbol Rb.  Atomic weight, 85.2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*bif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ruber</i> red +
<i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Making red; as, <i>rubific</i>
rays.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru`bi*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rubification</i>.] <def>The act of making red.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ruber</i> red
+ <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the nature or quality of red; as, the
<i>rubiform</i> rays of the sun.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir I. newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bi*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rub&eacute;fier</i>. See <u>Rubific</u>.] <def>To redden.</def>
[R.] "Waters <i>rubifying</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ru*big"i*nose`</hw> (?), <hw>Ru*big"i*nous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rubiginosus</i>, fr. <i>rubigo</i>,
<i>robigo</i>, rust: cf. F. <i>rubigineux</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the appearance or color of iron rust; rusty-
looking.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ru*bi"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rubigo</i>,
<i>robigo</i>, rust of metals, rust, blight.] <i>(bot.)</i> <def>same
as <u>Rust</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL. <i>rubinus</i>,
It. <i>rubino</i>. See <u>Ruby</u>.] <def>A ruby.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rubeus</i>, fr.
<i>rubere</i> to be red. See <u>Rouge</u>.] <def>Red; ruddy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru`bi*re"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rubi</i>an +
Gr. &?; resin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the red dye products
extracted from madder root, and probably identical with ruberythrinic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>ruble</i>.]
<def>The unit of monetary value in Russia.  It is divided into 100
copecks, and in the gold coin of the realm (as in the five and ten
ruble pieces) is worth about 77 cents. The silver ruble is a coin
worth about 60 cents.</def> [Written also <i>rouble</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ru"bric</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rubriche</i>,
OF. <i>rubriche</i>, F. <i>rubrique</i> ( cf. it. <i>rubrica</i>), fr.
L. <i>rubrica</i> red earth for coloring, red chalk, the title of a
law (because written in red), fr. <i>ruber</i> red. See <u>red</u>.]
<def>That part of any work in the early manuscripts and typography
which was colored red, to distinguish it from other portions.</def>
Hence, specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A titlepage, or part of
it, especially that giving the date and place of printing; also, the
initial letters, etc., when printed in red.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Law books)</i> <def>The title of a statute; -- so called as being
anciently written in red letters.</def> <i>Bell.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Liturgies)</i> <def>The directions and rules
for the conduct of service, formerly written or printed in red; hence,
also, an ecclesiastical or episcopal injunction; -- usually in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the clergy in England solemnly pledge themselves to
observe the <i>rubrics</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Hence, that which is established or
settled, as by authority; a thing definitely settled or fixed.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nay, as a duty, it had no place or rubric in human
conceptions before Christianity.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bric</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To adorn ith red; to
redden; to rubricate.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ru"bric</hw> (?), <hw>Ru"bric*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Colored in, or marked
with, red; placed in rubrics.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What though my name stood <i>rubric</i> on the
walls<BR>
Or plaistered posts, with claps, in capitals?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the rubric or
rubrics.</def> "<i>Rubrical</i> eccentricities."  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bri*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rubricatus</i> p. p. of <i>rubricare</i> to color red. See
<u>Rubric</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Marked with red.</def>
<i>Sp&?;lmman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"bri*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark or
distinguished with red; to arrange as in a rubric; to establish in a
settled and unchangeable form.</def>  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A system . . . according to which the thoughts of men
were to be classed and <i>rubricated</i> forever after.</blockquote>
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ru*bri"cian</hw> (?), <hw>Ru"bri*cist</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in, or tenaciously adhering to,
the rubric or rubrics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*bric"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Redness.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rub"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone for
scouring or rubbing; a whetstone; a rub.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ru"bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of rosaceous plants, including the raspberry and
blackberry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rubies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>rubis</i> (cf. Pr. <i>robi</i>),
LL. <i>rubinus</i>, <i>robinus</i>, fr. L. <i>rubeus</i> red, reddish,
akin to <i>ruber</i>. See <u>Rouge</u>, <u>red</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A precious stone of a carmine
red color, sometimes verging to violet, or intermediate between
carmine and hyacinth red.  It is a red crystallized variety of
corundum.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Besides the true or <i>Oriental ruby</i> above defined,
there are the <i>balas ruby</i>, or <i>ruby spinel</i>, a red variety
of spinel, and the <i>rock</i> ruby, a red variety of garnet.
</p>

<p><blockquote>Of <i>rubies</i>, sapphires, and pearles
white.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The color of a ruby; carmine red; a red
tint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The natural <i>ruby</i> of your cheeks.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which has the color of the ruby, as
red wine. Hence, a red blain or carbuncle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>See <u>Agate</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of South
American humming birds of the genus <i>Clytol&aelig;ma</i>. The males
have a ruby-colored throat or breast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ruby of arsenic</b></col>, <col><b>Ruby of
sulphur</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a glassy substance of a red
color and a variable composition, but always consisting chiefly of the
disulphide of arsenic; -- called also <i>ruby sulphur</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ruby of zinc</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>zinc sulphide; the
mineral zinc blende or sphalerite.</cd> -- <col><b>Ruby
silver</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>red silver. See under
<u>Red</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ru"by</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ruby-colored; red; as,
<i>ruby</i> lips.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"by</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rubied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rubying</u>.] <def>To make red; to redden.</def> [R.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"by*tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A European gold wasp (<i>Chrysis ignita</i>) which has the under
side of the abdomen bright red, and the other parts deep bluish green
with a metallic luster. The larva is parasitic in the nests of other
wasps and of bees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"by-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
tail, or lower part of the body, bright red.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"by*throat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of humming birds
belonging to <i>Trochilus</i>, <i>Calypte</i>, <i>Stellula</i>, and
allies, in which the male has on the throat a brilliant patch of red
feathers having metallic reflections; esp., the common humming bird of
the Eastern United States (<i>Trochilus colubris</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"by*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>red sandalwood.
See under <u>Sandalwood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*cer"vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Rucervus</i>, the genus, fr. NL. <i>Ru</i>sa a certain genus of
deer (Malay <i>r&?;sa</i> deer) + <i>Cervus</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of, like, or pertaining to, a deer of the genus <i>Rucervus</i>,
which includes the swamp deer of India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ruche</i> ruche,
beehive, OF. <i>rusche</i> a beehive, which was formerly made of the
bark of trees; cf. W. <i>rhisg</i>, <i>rhisgl</i>, bark, gael.
<i>rusg</i> bark, rind.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A plaited, quilled,
or goffered strip of lace, net, ribbon, or other material, -- used in
place of collars or cuffs, and as a trimming for women's dresses and
bonnets.</def> [Written also <i>rouche</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pile of arched tiles, used to catch and
retain oyster spawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ruche, or ruches
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A roc.</def> [Obs. or
prov. Eng.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ruck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rucked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rucking</u>.] [Icel <i>hrukkast</i> to wrinkle, <i>hrukka</i>
wrinkle, fold.] <def>To draw into wrinkles or unsightly folds; to
crease; as, to <i>ruck</i> up a carpet.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ruck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>hrukka</i>.  Cf.
<u>Ruck</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A wrinkle or crease in a
piece of cloth, or in needlework.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruck</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>ruge</i> to
brood, to hatch.] <def>To cower; to huddle together; to squat; to sit,
as a hen on eggs.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Gower. South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sheep that <i>rouketh</i> in the fold.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ruck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Ruck</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A heap; a rick.</def> [Prov Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The common sort, whether persons or things;
as, the <i>ruck</i> in a horse race.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ruck</i> in society as a whole.</blockquote>
<i>Lond. Sat. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ruc*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ructatio</i>,
fr. <i>ructare</i> to belch: cf. F. <i>ructation</i>.] <def>The act of
belching wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An uproar; a
quarrel; a noisy outbreak.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Rud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>rudu</i>, akin to
<i>re&aacute;d</i> red. &radic;113.  See <u>Red</u>, and cf.
<u>Ruddy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Redness; blush.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ruddle; red ocher.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The rudd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rud</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make red.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rudd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rud</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fresh-water European
fish of the Carp family (<i>Leuciscus erythrophthalmus</i>). It is
about the size and shape of the roach, but it has the dorsal fin
farther back, a stouter body, and red irises. Called also
<i>redeye</i>, <i>roud</i>, <i>finscale</i>, and <i>shallow</i>.  A
blue variety is called <i>azurine</i>, or <i>blue roach</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rud"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A riddle or
sieve.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><! p. 1258 !></p>

<p><hw>Rud"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rother</i>, AS.
<i>r&omacr;&eth;er</i> a paddle; akin to D. <i>roer</i> rudder, oar,
G. <i>ruder</i>, OHG.  <i>roadar</i>, Sw. <i>roder</i>, <i>ror</i>,
Dan. <i>roer</i>, <i>ror</i>. &radic; 8. See <u>Row</u> to propel with
an oar, and cf. <u>Rother</u>. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The mechanical appliance by means of which a vessel is guided or
steered when in motion. It is a broad and flat blade made of wood or
iron, with a long shank, and is fastened in an upright position,
usually by one edge, to the sternpost of the vessel in such a way that
it can be turned from side to side in the water by means of a tiller,
wheel, or other attachment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which resembles a rudder as a
guide or governor; that which guides or governs the course.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For rhyme the <i>rudder</i> is of verses.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Balance rudder</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rudder
pivoted near the middle instead of at the edge, -- common on
sharpies.</cd> -- <col><b>Drop rudder</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
rudder extending below the keel so as to be more effective in
steering.</cd> -- <col><b>Rudder chain</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>one of the loose chains or ropes which fasten the rudder to the
quarters to prevent its loss in case it gets unshipped, and for
operating it in case the tiller or the wheel is broken.</cd> --
<col><b>Rudder coat</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a covering of tarred
canvas used to prevent water from entering the rudderhole.</cd> --
<col><b>Rudder fish</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The pilot fish</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The amber fish
(<i>Seriola zonata</i>), which is bluish having six broad black
bands</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A plain greenish black American
fish (<i>Leirus perciformis</i>); -- called also <i>black rudder
fish</i>, <i>logfish</i>, and <i>barrel fish</i>. The name is also
applied to other fishes which follow vessels.</cd> -- <col><b>Rudder
pendants</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>ropes connected with the rudder
chains.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rud"der*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The upper end of the rudderpost, to which the tiller is
attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rud"der*hole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The hole in the deck through which the rudderpost
passes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rud"der*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
rudder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rud"der*post</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The shank of a rudder, having the blade at one end and the
attachments for operating it at the other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rud"der*stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The main part or blade of the rudder, which is connected by
hinges, or the like, with the sternpost of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rud"died</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made ruddy or
red.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rud"di*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a ruddy
manner.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rud"di*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being ruddy; as, the <i>ruddiness</i> of the cheeks or the
sky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rud"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To raddle or
twist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rud"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A riddle or
sieve.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rud"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rud</u>; cf.
<u>Reddle</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A species of red earth colored by
iron sesquioxide; red ocher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rud"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark with ruddle;
to raddle; to rouge.</def> "Their <i>ruddled</i> cheeks."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fair sheep newly <i>ruddled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lady
M. W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rud"dock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ruddic</i>; cf.
W. <i>rhuddog</i> the redbreast. &radic;113. See <u>Rud</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>raddock</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European robin.</def>
"The tame <i>ruddock</i> and the coward kite."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of gold money; -- probably because
the gold of coins was often reddened by copper alloy. Called also
<i>red ruddock</i>, and <i>golden ruddock</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Great pieces of gold . . . red
<i>ruddocks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Florio.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rud"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Ruddier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Ruddiest</u>.] [AS. <i>rudig</i>. See
<u>Rud</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of a red
color; red, or reddish; as, a <i>ruddy</i> sky; a <i>ruddy</i>
flame.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They were more <i>ruddy</i> in body than
rubies.</blockquote> <i>Lam. iv. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of a lively flesh color, or the color of
the human skin in high health; as, <i>ruddy</i> cheeks or lips.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ruddy duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American
duck (<i>Erismatura rubida</i>) having a broad bill and a wedge-shaped
tail composed of stiff, sharp feathers. The adult male is rich
brownish red on the back, sides, and neck, black on the top of the
head, nape, wings, and tail, and white on the cheeks. The female and
young male are dull brown mixed with blackish on the back; grayish
below. Called also <i>dunbird</i>, <i>dundiver</i>, <i>ruddy
diver</i>, <i>stifftail</i>, <i>spinetail</i>, <i>hardhead</i>,
<i>sleepy duck</i>, <i>fool duck</i>, <i>spoonbill</i>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Ruddy plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>the
sanderling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rud"dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make ruddy.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rude</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Ruder</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Rudest</u>.] [F., fr.
L. <i>rudis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by roughness;
umpolished; raw; lacking delicacy or refinement; coarse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such gardening tools as art, yet <i>rude</i>, . . . had
formed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence, specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Unformed by taste or skill; not nicely finished; not smoothed or
polished; -- said especially of material things; as, <i>rude</i>
workmanship.</def>  "<i>Rude</i> was the cloth."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rude</i> and unpolished stones.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The heaven-born child<BR>
All meanly wrapt in the <i>rude</i> manger lies.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of untaught manners; unpolished; of low
rank; uncivil; clownish; ignorant; raw; unskillful; -- said of
persons, or of conduct, skill, and the like.</def> "Mine ancestors
were <i>rude</i>."
  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was but <i>rude</i> in the profession of
arms.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>the <i>rude</i> forefathers of the hamlet
sleep.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Violent; tumultuous; boisterous;
inclement; harsh; severe; -- said of the weather, of storms, and the
like; as, the <i>rude</i> winter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Clouds] pushed with winds, <i>rude</i> in their
shock.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rude</i> agitation [of water] breaks it into
foam.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Barbarous; fierce; bloody; impetuous; --
said of war, conflict, and the like; as, the <i>rude</i> shock of
armies.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Not finished or complete;
inelegant; lacking chasteness or elegance; not in good taste;
unsatisfactory in mode of treatment; -- said of literature, language,
style, and the like.</def> "The <i>rude</i> Irish books."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rude</i> am I in my speech.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Unblemished by my <i>rude</i> translation.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impertinent; rough; uneven; shapeless; unfashioned;
rugged; artless; unpolished; uncouth; inelegant; rustic; coarse;
vulgar; clownish; raw; unskillful; untaught; illiterate; ignorant;
uncivil; impolite; saucy; impudent; insolent; surly; currish;
churlish; brutal; uncivilized; barbarous; savage; violent; fierce;
tumultuous; turbulent; impetuous; boisterous; harsh; inclement;
severe. See <u>Impertiment</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Rude"ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rude"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ru"den*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>rudens</i> a rope.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Cabling. See
<u>Cabling</u>.</def>  <i>gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"de*ra*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ruderarius</i>, fr. <i>rudus</i>, <i>ruderis</i>, stones crushed
and mixed with lime, old rubbish.] <def>Of or pertaining to
rubbish..</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rudes"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>An uncivil, turbulent fellow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>R&uuml;"des*heim`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
German wine made near <i>R&uuml;desheim</i>, on the Rhine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"di*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rudimentum</i>, fr. <i>rudis</i> unwrought, ignorant, rude: cf. F.
<i>rudiment</i>. See <u>Rude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
is unformed or undeveloped; the principle which lies at the bottom of
any development; an unfinished beginning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>but I will bring thee where thou soon shalt quit<BR>
Those <i>rudiments</i>, and see before thine eyes<BR>
The monarchies of the earth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>the single leaf is the <i>rudiment</i> of beauty in
landscape.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, an element or first principle of any
art or science; a beginning of any knowledge; a first step.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This boy is forest-born,<BR>
And hath been tutored in the <i>rudiments</i><BR>
of many desperate studies.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There he shall first lay down the <i>rudiments</i><BR>
Of his great warfare.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An imperfect organ or part,
or one which is never developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"di*ment</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with
first principles or rules; to insrtuct in the rudiments.</def>
<i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru`di*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Rudimentary.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru`di*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rudimentaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
rudiments; consisting in first principles; elementary; initial; as,
<i>rudimental</i> essays.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Very imperfectly developed;
in an early stage of development; embryonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rud"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
rude.</def>  <i>Foote.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru*dis"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>rudis</i> rough.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order or
suborder of bivalve mollusks characteristic of the Cretaceous period;
-- called also <i>Rudista</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Hippurite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ruditas</i>
ignorance, fr. <i>rudis</i> rude, illiterate.] <def>Rudeness;
ignorance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Rud"mas*day</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Rood</u>,
<u>Mass</u>, <u>Day</u>.] <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>Either of the feasts
of the Holy Cross, occuring on May 3 and September 14,
annually.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*dolph"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or designating, a set of astronomical tables computed by Kepler, and
founded on the observations of Tycho Brahe; -- so named from
<i>Rudolph</i> II., emperor of Germany.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rue</i>, L.
<i>ruta</i>, akin to Gr. &?;; cf. AS. <i>r&?;de</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A perennial suffrutescent plant
(<i>Ruta graveolens</i>), having a strong, heavy odor and a bitter
taste; herb of grace. It is used in medicine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then purged with euphrasy and <i>rue</i><BR>
The visual nerve, for he had much to see.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They [the exorcists] are to try the devil by holy
water, incense, sulphur, <i>rue</i>, which from thence, as we suppose,
came to be called herb of grace.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Bitterness; disappointment; grief;
regret.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Goat's rue</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Goat</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rue anemone</b></col>, <cd>a pretty springtime flower
(<i>Thalictrum anemonides</i>) common in the United States.</cd> --
<col><b>Wall rue</b></col>, <cd>a little fern (<i>Asplenium Ruta-
muraria</i>) common on walls in Europe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ruing</u>.] [OE. <i>rewen</i>, <i>reouwen</i>, to grive, make
sorry, AS. <i>hre&oacute;wan</i>; akin to OS. <i>hrewan</i>, D.
<i>rouwen</i>, OHG. <i>hriuwan</i>, G. <i>reun</i>, Icel.
<i>hruggr</i> grieved, <i>hrug&eth;</i> sorrow. &radic; 18.  Cf.
<u>Ruth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lament; to regret extremely;
to grieve for or over.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I wept to see, and <i>rued</i> it from my
heart.</blockquote> <i>Chapmen.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy will<BR>
Chose freely what it now so justly <i>rues</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to grieve; to afflict.</def>
[Obs.] "God wot, it <i>rueth</i> me."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To repent of, and withdraw from, as a
bargain; to get released from.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Rue</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
have compassion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God so wisly [<i>i. e.</i>, truly] on my soul
<i>rue</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which stirred men's hearts to <i>rue</i> upon
them.</blockquote> <i>Ridley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feel sorrow and regret; to
repent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Work by counsel and thou shalt not
<i>rue</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Old year, we'll dearly <i>rue</i> for you.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rue</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hre&oacute;w</i>. See
<u>Rue</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Sorrow; repetance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rue"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Causing one to rue or lament; woeful; mournful;
sorrowful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing sorrow.</def> "<i>Rueful</i>
faces."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two <i>rueful</i> figures, with long black
cloaks.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Rue"ful*ly</wf>, adv. -- <wf>Rue"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ru"ell bone`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>rewel bone</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ru*elle"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ruelle</i> a
narrow street, a lan&?;, ruelle, fr. <i>rue</i> a street.] <def>A
private circle or assembly at a private house; a circle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru*fes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rufescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>rufescere</i> to become reddish, fr.
<i>rufus</i> red: cf. F. <i>rufescent</i>.] <def>Reddish; tinged with
red.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ronfle</i>; cf. It.
<i>ronfa</i>, Pg. <i>rufa</i>, <i>rifa</i>.] <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A game similar to whist, and the predecessor
of it.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act of trumping, especially when one
has no card of the suit led.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<def>To trump.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin: cf. Icel.
<i>r&?;finn</i> rough, uncombed, Pr. <i>ruf</i> rude, rough, Sp.
<i>rufo</i> frizzed, crisp, curled, G. <i>raufen</i> to pluck, fight,
<i>rupfen</i> to pluck, pull, E. <i>rough</i>. &radic;18.  Cf.
<u>Ruffle</u> to wrinkle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A muslin or linen
collar plaited, crimped, or fluted, worn formerly by both sexes, now
only by women and children.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here to-morrow with his best <i>ruff</i>
on.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His gravity is much lessened since the late
proclamation came out against <i>ruffs</i>; . . . they were come to
that height of excess herein, that twenty shillings were used to be
paid for starching of a <i>ruff</i>.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something formed with plaits or flutings,
like the collar of this name.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I reared this flower; . . . <BR>
Soft on the paper <i>ruff</i> its leaves I spread.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An exhibition of pride or
haughtiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How many princes . . . in the <i>ruff</i> of all their
glory, have been taken down from the head of a conquering army to the
wheel of the victor's chariot!</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Wanton or tumultuous procedure or
conduct.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To ruffle it out in a riotous <i>ruff</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A low, vibrating beat of a
drum, not so loud as a roll; a ruffle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A collar on a shaft ot other
piece to prevent endwise motion. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Collar</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A set of lengthened or
otherwise modified feathers round, or on, the neck of a
bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
limicoline bird of Europe and Asia (<i>Pavoncella, or Philommachus,
pugnax</i>) allied to the sandpipers. The males during the breeding
season have a large ruff of erectile feathers, variable in their
colors, on the neck, and yellowish naked tubercles on the face. They
are polygamous, and are noted for their pugnacity in the breeding
season. The female is called <i>reeve</i>, or <i>rheeve</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A variety of the domestic pigeon, having a
ruff of its neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ruffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ruffing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ruffle; to disorder.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To beat with the ruff or
ruffle, as a drum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Hawking)</i> <def>To hit, as the prey,
without fixing it.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ruff</hw>, <hw>Ruffe</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>ruffe</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small freshwater European
perch (<i>Acerina vulgaris</i>); -- called also <i>pope</i>,
<i>blacktail</i>, and <i>stone, or striped, perch</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruffed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a
ruff.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ruffed grouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a North
American grouse (<i>Bonasa umbellus</i>) common in the wooded
districts of the Northern United States. The male has a ruff of brown
or black feathers on each side of the neck, and is noted for the loud
drumming sound he makes during the breeding season. Called also
<i>tippet grouse</i>, <i>partridge</i>, <i>birch partridge</i>,
<i>pheasant</i>, <i>drummer</i>, and <i>white-flesher</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>ruffed lemur</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species of
lemur (<i>lemur varius</i>) having a conspicuous ruff on the sides of
the head. Its color is varied with black and white.  Called also
<i>ruffed maucaco</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fian</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>rufien</i>, OF. <i>ruffen</i>, <i>ruffian</i>, pimp. libertine,
ake; cf. pr. &amp; Sp. <i>rufian</i>, It. <i>ruffiano</i>; all perhaps of
German or Dutch origin; cf. G. <i>raufen</i> to pluck, scuffle, fight,
OD. <i>roffen</i> to pander.  Cf. <i>Ruffle</i> to grow
<i>urbulent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pimp; a pander; also, a
paramour.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>he [her husband] is no sooner abroad than she is
instantly at home, reveling with her <i>ruffians</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boisterous, cruel, brutal fellow; a
desperate fellow ready for murderous or cruel deeds; a
cutthroat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wilt thou on thy deathbed play the
<i>ruffian</i>?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fian</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>brutal; cruel;
savagely boisterous; murderous; as, <i>ruffian</i> rage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fian</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the
ruffian; to rage; to raise tumult.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fian*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ruffians,
collectively; a body of ruffians.</def> "The vilest
<i>ruffianage</i>."  <i>Sir F. Palgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fian*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
qualities or manners of a ruffian; ruffianly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fian*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ruffianly.</def>  <i>Fulke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fian*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a ruffian;
bold in crimes; characteristic of a ruffian; violent;
brutal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fian*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ruffianly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fin</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <i>Ruffian</i>.]
<def>Disordered.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>ruffin</i> rainment all was stained with
blood.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1259 !></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ruffled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ruffling</u> (?).] [From <u>Ruff</u> a plaited collar, a drum beat,
a tumult: cf. OD. <i>ruyffelen</i> to wrinkle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make into a ruff; to draw or contract into puckers, plaits, or
folds; to wrinkle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with ruffles; as, to
<i>ruffle</i> a shirt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To oughen or disturb the surface of; to
make uneven by agitation or commotion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fantastic revelries . . . that so often
<i>ruffled</i> the placid bosom of the Nile.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She smoothed the <i>ruffled</i> seas.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To erect in a ruff, as feathers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[the swan] <i>ruffles</i> her pure cold
plume.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To beat with the ruff or
ruffle, as a drum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To discompose; to agitate; to
disturb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>ruffle</i> the tranquillity of the
mind.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But, ever after, the small violence done<BR>
Rankled in him and <i>ruffled</i> all his heart.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To throw into disorder or
confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where best<BR>
He might the <i>ruffled</i> foe infest.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To throw together in a disorderly
manner.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>ruffled</i> up falen leaves in heap.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman</i></p>

<p><col><b>To ruffle the feathers of</b></col>, <cd>to exite the
resentment of; to irritate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Perhaps of different
origin from <i>ruffle</i> to wrinkle; cf. OD. <i>roffeln</i>,
<i>roffen</i>, to pander, LG. <i>raffein</i>, Dan. <i>ruffer</i> a
pimp.  Cf. <u>Rufflan</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grow rough,
boisterous, or turbulent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The night comes on, and the bleak winds<BR>
Do sorely <i>ruffle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become disordered; to play loosely; to
flutter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On his right shoulder his thick mane reclined,<BR>
<i>Ruffles</i> at speed, and dances in the wind.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be rough; to jar; to be in contention;
hence, to put on airs; to swagger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They would <i>ruffle</i> with jurors.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gallants who <i>ruffled</i> in silk and
embroidery.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ruffle</u>,
<pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is
ruffled; specifically, a strip of lace, cambric, or other fine cloth,
plaited or gathered on one edge or in the middle, and used as a
trimming; a frill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of being ruffled or disturbed;
disturbance; agitation; commotion; as, to put the mind in a
<i>ruffle</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A low, vibrating beat of a
drum, not so loud as a roll; -- called also <i>ruff</i>.</def>  <i>H.
L. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The connected series of
large egg capsules, or o&ouml;thec&aelig;, of any one of several
species of American marine gastropods of the genus <i>Fulgur</i>. See
<u>O&ouml;theca</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ruffle of a boot</b></col>, <cd>the top turned down, and
scalloped or plaited.</cd>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fle*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
ruffle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
ruffling.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ruf"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who ruffles; a swaggerer; a bully; a ruffian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Assaults, if not murders, done at his own doors by that
crew of <i>rufflers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which ruffles; specifically, a sewing
machine attachment for making ruffles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru`fi*gal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Rufi</i>opin +
<i>gallic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an
acid which is obtained from gallic acid as a brown or red crystalline
substance, and is related to rufiopin and anthracene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru`fi*o"pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rufus</i>
reddish + <i>op</i>ianic.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellowish red
crystalline substance related to anthracene, and obtained from opianic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"fol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rufus</i> reddish
+ <i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A phenol derivative of anthracene
obtained as a white crystalline substance, which on oxidation produces
a red dyestuff related to anthraquinone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"fous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rufus</i>.]
<def>Reddish; of a yellowish red or brownish red color;
tawny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Eructation; belching.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ruf"ter*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Ruff</u> a
plaited collar.] <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>A kind of hood for a
hawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rug</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>rugg</i>
entanglend hair, <i>ruggig</i> rugged, shaggy, probably akin to E.
<i>rough</i>. See <u>Rough</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of coarse, heavy frieze, formerly used
for garments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They spin the choicest <i>rug</i> in Ireland. A friend
of mine . . . repaired to Paris Garden clad in one of these Waterford
<i>rugs</i>.  The mastiffs, . . . deeming he had been a bear, would
fain have baited him.</blockquote> <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of thick, nappy fabric, commonly
made of wool, -- used for various purposes, as for covering and
ornamenting part of a bare floor, for hanging in a doorway as a
poti&egrave;re, for protecting a portion of carpet, for a wrap to
protect the legs from cold, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rough, woolly, or shaggy dog.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rug gown</b></col>, <cd>a gown made of rug, of or coarse,
shaggy cloth.</cd>  <i>B. Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rug</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pull roughly or
hastily; to plunder; to spoil; to tear.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ru"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rug&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>A
wrinkle; a fold; as, the <i>rug&aelig;</i> of the stomach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rugatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>rugare</i> to wrinkle, fr. <i>ruga</i> a wrinkle.]
<def>Having alternate ridges and depressions; wrinkled.</def>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rug"ged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Rug</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of asperities on
the surface; broken into sharp or irregular points, or otherwise
uneven; not smooth; rough; as, a <i>rugged</i> mountain; a
<i>rugged</i> road.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rugged</i> bark of some broad elm.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not neat or regular; uneven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His well-proportioned beard made rough and
<i>rugged</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rough with bristles or hair; shaggy.</def>
"The <i>rugged</i> Russian bear."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Harsh; hard; crabbed; austere; -- said of
temper, character, and the like, or of persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither melt nor endear him, but leave him as hard,
<i>rugged</i>, and unconcerned as ever.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Stormy; turbulent; tempestuous; rude.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Rough to the ear; harsh; grating; -- said
of sound, style, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through the harsh cadence of a <i>rugged</i>
line.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Sour; surly; frowning; wrinkled; -- said of
looks, etc.</def> "Sleek o'er your <i>rugged</i> looks."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Violent; rude; boisterrous; -- said of
conduct, manners, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Vigorous; robust; hardy; -- said of health,
physique, etc.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rough; uneven; wrinkled; cragged; coarse; rude;
harsh; hard; crabbed; severe; austere; surly; sour; frowning; violent;
boisterous; tumultuous; turbulent; stormy; tempestuous; inclement.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Rug"ged*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rug"ged*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rug"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coarse kind of
woolen cloth, used for wrapping, blanketing, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rug"-gowned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
coarse gown or shaggy garment made of rug.</def>  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rug"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rugged; rough.</def>
[Obs.] "With <i>ruggy</i>, ashy hairs."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rug"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having shaggy
hair; shock-headed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those rough <i>rug-headed</i> kerns.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rug"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nappy cloth.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"gine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>An instrument for scraping the periosteum from bones; a
raspatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"gine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>ruginer</i> to
scrape.] <def>To scrape or rasp, as a bone; to scale.</def> [R.]
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ru*go"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Rugose</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct tribe of fossil
corals, including numerous species, many of them of large size.  They
are characteristic of the Paleozoic formations. The radiating septs,
when present, are usually in multiples of four.  See
<u>Cyathophylloid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*gose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rugosus</i>, r.
<i>ruga</i> a wrinkle.] <def>Wrinkled; full of wrinkles; specifically
<i>(Bot.)</i>, having the veinlets sunken and the spaces between them
elevated, as the leaves of the sage and horehound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*gos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rugositas</i>: cf. F. <i>rugosit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or
state of being rugose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>rugueux</i>.]
<def>Wrinkled; rugose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru`gu*lose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
rugose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruhm"korff's coil`</hw> (?). [So called from its inventor,
<i>Ruhmkorff</i>, a german physicist.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>See
<i>Induction coil</i>, under <u>Induction</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ruine</i>, F.
<i>ruine</i>, fr. L. <i>ruina</i>, fr. ruere, rutum, to fall with
violence, to rush or tumble down.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
falling or tumbling down; fall.</def> [Obs.] "His <i>ruin</i> startled
the other steeds."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Such a change of anything as destroys it,
or entirely defeats its object, or unfits it for use; destruction;
overthrow; as, the <i>ruin</i> of a ship or an army; the <i>ruin</i>
of a constitution or a government; the <i>ruin</i> of health or
hopes.</def>  "<i>Ruin</i> seize thee, ruthless king!"
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is fallen down and become
worthless from injury or decay; as, his mind is a <i>ruin</i>;
especially, in the plural, the remains of a destroyed, dilapidated, or
desolate house, fortress, city, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Veian and the Gabian towers shall fall,<BR>
And one promiscuous ruin cover all;<BR>
Nor, after length of years, a stone betray<BR>
The place where once the very <i>ruins</i> lay.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The labor of a day will not build up a virtuous habit
on the <i>ruins</i> of an old and vicious character.</blockquote>
<i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of being dcayed, or of having
become ruined or worthless; as, to be in <i>ruins</i>; to go to
<i>ruin</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which promotes injury, decay, or
destruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The errors of young men are the <i>ruin</i> of
business.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Destruction; downfall; perdition; fall; overthrow;
subversion; defeat; bane; pest; mischief.</p>

<p><hw>Ru"in</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ruined</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ruining</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>ruiner</i>, LL. <i>ruinare</i>. See
<u>Ruin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To bring to ruin; to cause to
fall to pieces and decay; to make to perish; to bring to destruction;
to bring to poverty or bankruptcy; to impair seriously; to damage
essentially; to overthrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>this mortal house I'll <i>ruin</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By thee raised, I <i>ruin</i> all my foes.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The eyes of other people are the eyes that <i>ruin</i>
us.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By the fireside there are old men seated,<BR>
Seeling <i>ruined</i> cities in the ashes.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"in</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall to ruins; to
go to ruin; to become decayed or dilapidated; to perish.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though he his house of polished marble build,<BR>
Yet shall it <i>ruin</i> like the moth's frail cell.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If we are idle, and disturb the industrious in their
business, we shall <i>ruin</i> the faster.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"in*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being ruined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"in*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>ruinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ruinare</i> to ruin. See <u>Ruin</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To demolish; to subvert; to destroy; to reduce
to poverty; to ruin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not <i>ruinate</i> my f&?;ther's
house.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ruinating</i> thereby the health of their
bodies.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to fall; to cast down.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the other side they saw that perilous rock<BR>
Threatening itself on them to <i>ruinate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"in*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall; to
tumble.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ru"in*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ruinatus</i>,
p. p.] <def>Involved in ruin; ruined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My brother Edward lives in pomp and state,<BR>
I in a mansion here all <i>ruinate</i>.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru`in*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>ruinatio</i>.] <def>The act of ruining, or the state of being
ruined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"in*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, ruins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"in*i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ruin</i> + <i>-
form</i>: cf. F. <i>ruiniforme</i>.] <def>Having the appearance of
ruins, or of the ruins of houses; -- said of certain
minerals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"in*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ruinosus</i>:
cf. F. <i>ruineux</i>. See <u>Ruin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Causing, or tending to cause, ruin; destructive; baneful;
pernicious; as, a <i>ruinous</i> project.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After a night of storm so <i>ruinous</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by ruin; ruined; dilapidated;
as, an edifice, bridge, or wall in a <i>ruinous</i> state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Composed of, or consisting in,
ruins.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, Damascus . . . shall be a <i>ruinous</i>
heap.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xvii. 1.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dilapidated; decayed; demolished; pernicious;
destructive; baneful; wasteful; mischievous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ru"in*ous*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ru"in*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rukh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Srr <u>Roc</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The roc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large bird, supposed
by some to be the same as the extinct Epiornis of Madagascar.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rul"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
ruled; subject to rule; accordant or conformable to rule.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>reule</i>,
<i>riule</i>, OF. <i>riule</i>, <i>reule</i>, F. <i>r&eacute;gle</i>,
fr. L. <i>regula</i> a ruler, rule, model, fr. <i>regere</i>,
<i>rectum</i>, to lead straight, to direct. See <u>Right</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Regular</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is prescribed or laid down as a guide for conduct or
action; a governing direction for a specific purpose; an authoritative
enactment; a regulation; a prescription; a precept; as, the
<i>rules</i> of various societies; the <i>rules</i> governing a
school; a <i>rule</i> of etiquette or propriety; the <i>rules</i> of
cricket.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We profess to have embraced a religion which contains
the most exact <i>rules</i> for the government of our
lives.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Uniform or
established course of things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is against the <i>rule</i> of nature.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Systematic method or practice; as, my
<i>ule</i> is to rise at six o'clock.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>Ordibary course of procedure; usual way; comon state or condition
of things; as, it is a <i>rule</i> to which there are many
exeptions.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Conduct in general;
behavior.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This uncivil <i>rule</i>; she shall know of
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of ruling; administration of law;
government; empire; authority; control.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Obey them that have the <i>rule</i> over
you.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xiii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His stern <i>rule</i> the groaning land
obeyed.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An order regulating the
practice of the courts, or an order made between parties to an action
or a suit.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A determinate method
prescribed for performing any operation and producing a certain
result; as, a <i>rule</i> for extracting the cube root.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A general principle
concerning the formation or use of words, or a concise statement
thereof; thus, it is a <i>rule</i> in England, that <i>s</i> or
<i>es</i> , added to a noun in the singular number, forms the plural
of that noun; but "man" forms its plural "men", and is an exception to
the <i>rule</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A straight strip of
wood, metal, or the like, which serves as a guide in drawing a
straight line; a ruler.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A measuring
instrument consisting of a graduated bar of wood, ivory, metal, or the
like, which is usually marked so as to show inches and fractions of an
inch, and jointed so that it may be folded compactly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A judicious artist will use his eye, but he will trust
only to his <i>rule</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A thin
plate of metal (usually brass) of the same height as the type, and
used for printing lines, as between columns on the same page, or in
tabular work.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A composing rule. See
under <u>Conposing</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>As a rule</b></col>, <cd>as a general thing; in the main;
usually; as, he behaves well, <i>as a rule</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Board
rule</b></col>, <col><b>Caliber rule</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under
<u>Board</u>, <u>Caliber</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Rule
joint</b></col>, <cd>a knuckle joint having shoulders that abut when
the connected pieces come in line with each other, and thus permit
folding in one direction only.</cd> -- <col><b>Rule of three</b></col>
<i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>that rule which directs, when three terms are
given, how to find a fourth, which shall have the same ratio to the
third term as the second has to the first; proportion. See
<u>Proportion</u>, 5 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rule of
thumb</b></col>, <cd>any rude process or operation, like that of using
the thumb as a rule in measuring; hence, judgment and practical
experience as distinguished from scientific knowledge.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- regulation; law; precept; maxim; guide; canon;
order; method; direction; control; government; sway; empire.</p>

<p><hw>Rule</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ruled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ruling</u>.] [Cf. <i>OF</i>. <i>riuler</i>, <i>ruiler</i>, L.
<i>regulare</i>. See <u>Rule</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Regulate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To control the will and
actions of; to exercise authority or dominion over; to govern; to
manage.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A bishop then must be blameless; . . . one that
<i>ruleth</i> well his own house, having his children in
subjection.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. iii. 2, 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To control or direct by influence, counsel,
or persuasion; to guide; -- used chiefly in the passive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I think she will be <i>ruled</i><BR>
In all respects by me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To establish or settle by, or as by, a
rule; to fix by universal or general consent, or by common
practice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That's are <i>ruled</i> case with the
schoolmen.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To require or command by rule;
to give as a direction or order of court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To mark with lines made with a pen, pencil,
etc., guided by a rule or ruler; to print or mark with lines by means
of a rule or other contrivance effecting a similar result; as, to
<i>rule</i> a sheet of paper of a blank book.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ruled surface</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>any surface
that may be described by a straight line moving according to a given
law; -- called also a <i>scroll</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rule</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
have power or command; to exercise supreme authority; -- often
followed by <i>over</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By me princes <i>rule</i>, and nobles.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. viii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We subdue and <i>rule</i> over all other
creatures.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To lay down and settle a rule
or order of court; to decide an incidental point; to enter a
rule.</def>  <i>Burril. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To keep within a (certain)
range for a time; to be in general, or as a rule; as, prices
<i>ruled</i> lower yesterday than the day before.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rule"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of rule;
lawless.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rule"-mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stickler
for rules; a slave of rules</def> [R.]  <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1260 !></p>

<p><hw>Rul"er</hw> (r&udd;l"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who rules; one who exercises sway or
authority; a governor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he made him <i>ruler</i> over all the
land.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xli. 43.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A prince and <i>ruler</i> of the land.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A straight or curved strip of wood, metal,
etc., with a smooth edge, used for guiding a pen or pencil in drawing
lines.  Cf. <u>Rule</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Parallel ruler</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Parallel</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rul"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Predominant; chief; reigning; controlling; as, a <i>ruling</i>
passion; a <i>ruling</i> sovereign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Used in marking or engraving lines; as, a
<i>ruling</i> machine or pen.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Predominant; chief; controlling; directing; guiding;
governing; prevailing; prevalent.</p>

<p><hw>Rul"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who rules; ruled lines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A decision or rule of a judge
or a court, especially an oral decision, as in excluding
evidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rul"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a ruling
manner; so as to rule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rul"li*chies</hw> (r&ubreve;l"l&ibreve;*ch&ibreve;z),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>rolletje</i> a little roll.]
<def>Chopped meat stuffed into small bags of tripe. They are cut in
slices and fried.</def> [Local, New York]</p>

<p><hw>Rul"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Rule</u>.]
<def>Orderly; easily restrained; -- opposed to <i>unruly</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [probably shortened from
Prov. E. <i>rumbullion</i> a great tumult, formerly applied in the
island of Barbadoes to an intoxicating liquor.] <def>A kind of
intoxicating liquor distilled from cane juice, or from the scummings
of the boiled juice, or from treacle or molasses, or from the lees of
former distillations. Also, sometimes used colloquially as a generic
or a collective name for intoxicating liquor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rum bud</b></col>, <cd>a grog blossom.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>Rum shrub</b></col>, <cd>a drink composed of rum, water,
sugar, and lime juice or lemon juice, with some flavoring
extract.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rum</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Formerly <i>rome</i>, a slang
word for good; possibly of Gypsy origin; cf. Gypsy <i>rom</i> a
husband, a gypsy.] <def>Old-fashioned; queer; odd; as, a <i>rum</i>
idea; a <i>rum</i> fellow.</def> [Slang]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A queer or odd person or
thing; a country parson.</def> [Slang, Obs.] <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>romblen</i>,
akin to D. <i>rommelen</i>, G. <i>rumpeln</i>, Dan. <i>rumle</i>; cf.
Icel. <i>rymja</i> to roar.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a low,
heavy, continued sound; as, the thunder <i>rumbles</i> at a
distance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the mean while the skies 'gan <i>rumble</i>
sore.</blockquote> <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The people cried and <i>rombled</i> up and
down.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To murmur; to ripple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>rumble</i> gently down with murmur
soft.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
noisy report; rumor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Delighting ever in <i>rumble</i> that is
new.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A low, heavy, continuous sound like that
made by heavy wagons or the reverberation of thunder; a confused
noise; as, the <i>rumble</i> of a railroad train.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Clamor and <i>rumble</i>, and ringing and
clatter.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Merged in the <i>rumble</i> of awakening
day.</blockquote> <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A seat for servants, behind the body of a
carriage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kit, well wrapped, . . . was in the <i>rumble</i>
behind.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A rotating cask or box in which small
articles are smoothed or polished by friction against each
other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to pass
through a rumble, or shaking machine. See <u>Rumble</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rum"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, rumbles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rum"bling</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Rumble</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Rum"bling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rumbling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rum"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Grog.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rum*bow"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Rombowline</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ru"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>rumen</i>, <i>-
inis</i>, the throat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
first stomach of ruminants; the paunch; the fardingbag. See
<i>Illust.</i> below. </def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cud of a ruminant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"mi*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
yellow crystalline substance found in the root of yellow dock
(<i>Rumex crispus</i>) and identical with <i>chrysophanic
acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rumi*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ruminalis</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Ruminant; ruminating.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ru"mi*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ruminans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr.: cf. F. <i>ruminant</i>. See <u>Ruminate</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Chewing the cud; characterized by chewing
again what has been swallowed; of or pertaining to the
Ruminantia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"mi*nant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A ruminant animal; one of the Ruminantia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ru`mi*nan"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Artiodactyla having four
stomachs. This division includes the camels, deer, antelopes, goats,
sheep, neat cattle, and allies.</def></p>

<p><BR>
&fist; The vegetable food, after the first mastication, enters the
first stomach (<i>r</i>). It afterwards passes into the second
(<i>n</i>), where it is moistened, and formed into pellets which the
animal has the power of bringing back to the mouth to be chewed again,
after which it is swallowed into the third stomach (<i>m</i>), whence
it passes to the fourth (<i>s</i>), where it is finally digested.</p>

<p><hw>Ru"mi*nant*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
ruminant manner; by ruminating, or chewing the cud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ruminated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ruminating</u>.] [L. <i>ruminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ruminari</i>,
<i>ruminare</i>, fr. <i>rumen</i>, <i>-inis</i>, throat, akin to
<i>ructare</i> to belch, <i>erugere</i> to belch out, Gr. &?;, AS.
<i>roccettan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To chew the cud; to chew
again what has been slightly chewed and swallowed.</def> "Cattle free
to <i>ruminate</i>." <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Fig.: <def>To think again and again; to muse; to
meditate;  to ponder; to reflect.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Apart from the hope of the gospel, who is there that
<i>ruminates</i> on the felicity of heaven?</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To chew over again.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Fig.: <def>To meditate or ponder over; to muse
on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mad with desire, she <i>ruminates</i> her
sin.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What I know<BR>
Is <i>ruminated</i>, plotted, and set down.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ru"mi*nate</hw> (?), <hw>Ru"mi*na`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a hard albumen
penetrated by irregular channels filled with softer matter, as the
nutmeg and the seeds of the North American papaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ruminatio</i>: cf. F. <i>rumination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of ruminating, or chewing the cud; the habit
of chewing the cud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rumination</i> is given to animals to enable them at
once to lay up a great store of food, and afterward to chew
it.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being disposed to ruminate or
ponder; deliberate meditation or reflection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Retiring full of <i>rumination</i> sad.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The regurgitation of food
from the stomach after it has been swallowed, -- occasionally observed
as a morbid phenomenon in man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"mi*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to,
or engaged in, rumination or meditation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"mi*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
ruminates or muses; a meditator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rum"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Rummer</u>, and
see <u>-kin</u>.] <def>A popular or jocular name for a drinking
vessel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rum"mage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For
<i>roomage</i>, fr. <i>room</i>; hence originally, a making room, a
packing away closely. See <u>Room</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A place or room for the stowage of cargo in a
ship; also, the act of stowing cargo; the pulling and moving about of
packages incident to close stowage; -- formerly written
<i>romage</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A searching carefully by looking into every
corner, and by turning things over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has made such a general <i>rummage</i> and reform in
the office of matrimony.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rummage sale</b></col>, <cd>a clearance sale of unclaimed
goods in a public store, or of odds and ends which have accumulated in
a shop.</cd> <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rum"mage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rummaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rummaging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To make
room in, as a ship, for the cargo; to move about, as packages,
ballast, so as to permit close stowage; to stow closely; to pack; --
formerly written <i>roomage</i>, and <i>romage</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They might bring away a great deal more than they do,
if they would take pain in the <i>romaging</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To search or examine thoroughly by looking
into every corner, and turning over or removing goods or other things;
to examine, as a book, carefully, turning over leaf after
leaf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . searcheth his pockets, and taketh his keys,
and so <i>rummageth</i> all his closets and trunks.</blockquote>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What schoolboy of us has not <i>rummaged</i> his Greek
dictionary in vain for a satisfactory account!</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rum"mage</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To search a place
narrowly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have often <i>rummaged</i> for old books in Little
Britain and Duck Lane.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[His house] was haunted with a jolly ghost, that . .
.<BR>
. . . <i>rummaged</i> like a rat.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rum"ma*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who rummages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A person on shipboard whose
business was to take charge of stowing the cargo; -- formerly written
<i>roomager</i>, and <i>romager</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The master must provide a perfect mariner, called a
<i>romager</i>, to range and bestow all merchandise.</blockquote>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rum"mer</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>roemer</i>,
<i>romer</i>, akin to G. <i>r&ouml;mer</i>, Sw. <i>remmare</i>;
perhaps properly, Roman.] <def>A large and tall glass, or drinking
cup.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rum"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
rum; characteristic of rum; as a <i>rummy</i> flavor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rum"my</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Rummies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who drinks rum; an
habitually intemperate person.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Rum"my</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Rum</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Strange; odd.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Rum"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sort of Spanish
wine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ru"mor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rumeur</i>, L.
<i>rumor</i>; cf. <i>rumificare</i>, <i>rumitare</i> to rumor, Skr.
<i>ru</i> to cry.] [Written also <i>rumour</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A flying or popular report; the common talk; hence, public fame;
notoriety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>rumor</i> of him went forth throughout all
Judea, and throughout all the region round about.</blockquote> <i>Luke
vii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Great is the <i>rumor</i> of this dreadful
knight.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A current story passing from one person to
another, without any known authority for its truth; -- in this sense
often personified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Rumor</i> next, and Chance,<BR>
And Tumult, and Confusion, all embroiled.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A prolonged, indistinct noise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"mor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rumored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rumoring</u>.] <def>To report by rumor; to tell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T was <i>rumored</i><BR>
My father 'scaped from out the citadel.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"mor*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A teller of news;
especially, one who spreads false reports.</def>   <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"mor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>rumoreux</i>, It. <i>rumoroso</i>, <i>romoroso</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a rumor; of the nature of
rumors.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Famous; notorious.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Murmuring.</def> [Obs. or Poetic]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rumpe</i>; akin to
D. <i>romp</i> trunk, body, LG. <i>rump</i>, G. <i>rumpf</i>, Dan.
<i>rumpe</i> rump, Icel. <i>rumpr</i>, Sw. <i>rumpa</i> rump, tail.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The end of the backbone of an animal, with the
parts adjacent; the buttock or buttocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Among butchers, the piece of beef between
the sirloin and the aitchbone piece. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Beef</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Fig.: <def>The hind or tail end; a fag-end; a
remnant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rump Parliament</b></col>, or <col><b>The Rump</b></col>
<i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>the remnant of the Long Parliament after the
expulsion by Cromwell in 1648 of those who opposed his purposes.  It
was dissolved by Cromwell in 1653, but twice revived for brief
sessions, ending finally in 1659.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Rump</i> abolished the House of Lords, the army
abolished the <i>Rump</i>, and by this army of saints Cromwell
governed.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Rump steak</b></col>, <cd>a beefsteak from the
rump.</cd> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rump"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member or a
supporter of the Rump Parliament.</def>  <i>I. Disraeli.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rump"-fed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A Shakespearean
word of uncertain meaning.  Perhaps "fattened in the rump,
pampered."</def> "The <i>rump-fed</i> ronyon."</p>

<p><hw>Rum"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rumpled</u> <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rumpling</u> (&?;).] [Cf. <i>rimple</i>, and D. <i>rimpelen</i> to
wrinkle, <i>rompelig</i> rough, uneven, G. <i>r&uuml;mpfen</i> to
wrinkle, MHG. <i>r&uuml;mphen</i>, OHG. <i>rimpfan</i>, Gr.
<grk>"ra`mfos</grk> the crooked beak of birds of prey, &?; to roam.]
<def>To make uneven; to form into irregular inequalities; to wrinkle;
to crumple; as, to <i>rumple</i> an apron or a cravat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They would not give a dog's ear of their most
<i>rumpled</i> and ragged Scotch paper for twenty of your fairest
assignats.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rum"ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fold or plait; a
wrinkle.</def> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rum"pled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wrinkled;
crumpled.</def> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rump"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
rump.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rum"ply</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rumpled.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rum"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A disturbance;
noise and confusion; a quarrel.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Rum"sell`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sells
rum; one who deals in intoxicating liquors; especially, one who sells
spirituous beverages at retail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Run</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Ran</u> (?) or <u>Run</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Run</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Running</u>.] [OE. <i>rinnen</i>,
<i>rennen</i> (imp. <i>ran</i>, p. p. <i>runnen</i>, <i>ronnen</i>).
AS. <i>rinnan</i> to flow (imp. <i>ran</i>, p. p. <i>gerunnen</i>),
and <i>iernan</i>, <i>irnan</i>, to run (imp. <i>orn</i>, <i>arn</i>,
<i>earn</i>, p. p. <i>urnen</i>); akin to D. <i>runnen</i>,
<i>rennen</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>rinnan</i>, G. <i>rinnen</i>,
<i>rennen</i>, Icel. <i>renna</i>, <i>rinna</i>, Sw. rinna,
r&auml;nna, Dan. <i>rinde</i>, <i>rende</i>, Goth. <i>rinnan</i>, and
perh. to L. <i>oriri</i> to rise, Gr. &?; to stir up, rouse, Skr. &?;
(cf. <u>Origin</u>), or perh. to L. <i>rivus</i> brook (cf.
<u>Rival</u>). &radic;11.  Cf. <u>Ember</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Rennet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move, proceed, advance,
pass, go, come, etc., swiftly, smoothly, or with quick action; -- said
of things animate or inanimate. Hence, to flow, glide, or roll onward,
as a stream, a snake, a wagon, etc.; to move by quicker action than in
walking, as a person, a horse, a dog.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Of voluntary or personal action:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To go swiftly; to pass at a swift pace; to
hasten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Ha, ha, the fox!" and after him they
<i>ran</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To flee, as from fear or danger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As from a bear a man would <i>run</i> for
life.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To steal off; to depart
secretly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My conscience will serve me to <i>run</i> from this
jew.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To contend in a race; hence, to enter into
a contest; to become a candidate; as, to <i>run</i> for
Congress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Know ye not that they which <i>run</i> in a race
<i>run</i> all, but one receiveth the prize? So <i>run</i>, that ye
may obtain.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. ix. 24.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To pass from one state or condition to
another; to come into a certain condition; -- often with <i>in</i> or
<i>into</i>; as, to <i>run</i> into evil practices; to <i>run</i> in
debt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have I not cause to rave and beat my breast, to rend my
heart with grief and <i>run</i> distracted?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To exert continuous activity; to proceed;
as, to <i>run</i> through life; to <i>run</i> in a circle.</def>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>To pass or go quickly in thought or
conversation; as, to <i>run</i> from one subject to another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Virgil, in his first Georgic, has <i>run</i> into a set
of precepts foreign to his subject.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>To discuss; to continue to think or speak
about something; -- with <i>on</i>.</def> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>To
make numerous drafts or demands for payment, as upon a bank; -- with
<i>on</i>.</def> <sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <def>To creep, as
serpents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Of involuntary motion: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>To flow, as a liquid; to ascend or descend; to course; as, rivers
<i>run</i> to the sea; sap <i>runs</i> up in the spring; her blood
<i>ran</i> cold.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To proceed along a
surface; to extend; to spread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fire <i>ran</i> along upon the ground.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. ix. 23.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To become fluid; to melt; to
fuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As wax dissolves, as ice begins to
<i>run</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sussex iron ores <i>run</i> freely in the
fire.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To turn, as a wheel; to revolve on an axis
or pivot; as, a wheel <i>runs</i> swiftly round.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To travel; to make progress; to be moved by
mechanical means; to go; as, the steamboat <i>runs</i> regularly to
Albany; the train <i>runs</i> to Chicago.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
<def>To extend; to reach; as, the road <i>runs</i> from Philadelphia
to New York; the memory of man <i>runneth</i> not to the
contrary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She saw with joy the line immortal <i>run</i>,<BR>
Each sire impressed, and glaring in his son.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>To go back and forth from place to place;
to ply; as, the stage <i>runs</i> between the hotel and the
station.</def> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>To make progress; to proceed;
to pass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As fast as our time <i>runs</i>, we should be very glad
in most part of our lives that it <i>ran</i> much faster.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>To continue in operation; to be kept in
action or motion; as, this engine <i>runs</i> night and day; the mill
<i>runs</i> six days in the week.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When we desire anything, our minds <i>run</i> wholly on
the good circumstances of it; when it is obtained, our minds run
wholly on the bad ones.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <def>To have a course or direction; as, a line
<i>runs</i> east and west.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the generally allowed practice <i>runs</i>
counter to it.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Little is the wisdom, where the flight<BR>
So <i>runs</i> against all reason.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(k)</i></sd> <def>To be in form thus, as a combination of
words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king's ordinary style <i>runneth</i>, "Our
sovereign lord the king."</blockquote> <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(l)</i></sd> <def>To be popularly known; to be generally
received.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men gave them their own names, by which they <i>run</i>
a great while in Rome.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither was he ignorant what report <i>ran</i> of
himself.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1261 !></p>

<p><sd><i>(m)</i></sd> <def>To have growth or development; as, boys
and girls <i>run</i> up rapidly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the richness of the ground cause turnips to
<i>run</i> to leaves.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(n)</i></sd> <def>To tend, as to an effect or consequence;
to incline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man's nature <i>runs</i> either to herbs or
weeds.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Temperate climates <i>run</i> into moderate
governments.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(o)</i></sd> <def>To spread and blend together; to unite;
as, colors <i>run</i> in washing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the middle of a rainbow the colors are . . .
distinguished, but near the borders they <i>run</i> into one
another.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(p)</i></sd> <def>To have a legal course; to be attached; to
continue in force, effect, or operation; to follow; to go in company;
as, certain covenants <i>run</i> with the land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Customs <i>run</i> only upon our goods imported or
exported, and that but once for all; whereas interest <i>runs</i> as
well upon our ships as goods, and must be yearly paid.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Child.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(q)</i></sd> <def>To continue without falling due; to hold
good; as, a note has thirty days to <i>run</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(r)</i></sd> <def>To discharge pus or other matter; as, an
ulcer <i>runs</i>.</def> <sd><i>(s)</i></sd> <def>To be played on the
stage a number of successive days or nights; as, the piece <i>ran</i>
for six months.</def> <sd><i>(t)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To sail
before the wind, in distinction from reaching or sailing closehauled;
-- said of vessels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, of a horse: To move rapidly
in a gait in which each leg acts in turn as a propeller and a
supporter, and in which for an instant all the limbs are gathered in
the air under the body.</def>  <i>Stillman (The Horse in
Motion).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Athletics)</i> <def>To move rapidly by
springing steps so that there is an instant in each step when neither
foot touches the ground; -- so distinguished from <i>walking</i> in
athletic competition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>As things run</b></col>, <cd>according to the usual order,
conditions, quality, etc.; on the average; without selection or
specification.</cd> -- <col><b>To let run</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to allow to pass or move freely; to slacken or loosen.</cd> --
<col><b>To run after</b></col>, <cd>to pursue or follow; to search
for; to endeavor to find or obtain; as, <i>to run after</i>
similes.</cd> <i>Locke.</i> -- <col><b>To run away</b></col>, <cd>to
flee; to escape; to elope; to run without control or guidance.</cd> --
<col><b>To run away with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To convey
away hurriedly; to accompany in escape or elopement.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To drag rapidly and with violence; as, a horse
<i>runs away with</i> a carriage.</cd> -- <col><b>To run
down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To cease to work or operate on
account of the exhaustion of the motive power; -- said of clocks,
watches, etc.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To decline in condition;
as, <i>to run down</i> in health.</cd> -- <col><b>To run down a
coast</b></col>, <cd>to sail along it.</cd> -- <col><b>To run for an
office</b></col>, <cd>to stand as a candidate for an office.</cd> --
<col><b>To run in</b></col> or <col><b>into</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To enter; to step in</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To come in collision with.</cd> -- <col><b>To run in
trust</b></col>, <cd>to run in debt; to get credit.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>To run in with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To close; to
comply; to agree with.</cd> [R.] <i>T. Baker.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To make toward; to near; to sail close to; as,
<i>to run in with</i> the land.</cd> -- <col><b>To run mad</b></col>,
<col><b>To run mad after</b></col> or <col><b>on</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Mad</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To run on</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be continued; as, their accounts had <i>run
on</i> for a year or two without a settlement.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To talk incessantly</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To continue a course</cd>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To press with
jokes or ridicule; to abuse with sarcasm; to bear hard on</cd>.
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Print.)</i> <cd>To be continued in the same
lines, without making a break or beginning a new paragraph</cd>. --
<col><b>To run out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To come to an
end; to expire; as, the lease <i>runs out</i> at Michaelmas.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To extend; to spread</cd>. "Insectile animals
. . . <i>run</i> all <i>out</i> into legs." <i>Hammond.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To expatiate; as, <i>to run out</i> into
beautiful digressions.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To be wasted or
exhausted; to become poor; to become extinct; as, an estate managed
without economy will soon <i>run out</i>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And had her stock been less, no doubt<BR>
She must have long ago <i>run out</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To run over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
overflow; as, a cup <i>runs over</i>, or the liquor <i>runs
over</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To go over, examine, or
rehearse cursorily</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To ride or drive
over; as, <i>to run over</i> a child.</cd> -- <col><b>To run
riot</b></col>, <cd>to go to excess.</cd> -- <col><b>To run
through</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To go through hastily; as
<i>to run through</i> a book.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To spend
wastefully; as, to run through an estate.</cd> -- <col><b>To run to
seed</b></col>, <cd>to expend or exhaust vitality in producing seed,
as a plant; figuratively and colloquially, to cease growing; to lose
vital force, as the body or mind.</cd> -- <col><b>To run up</b></col>,
<cd>to rise; to swell; to grow; to increase; as, accounts of goods
credited <i>run up</i> very fast.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>But these, having been untrimmed for many years, had
<i>run up</i> into great bushes, or rather dwarf trees.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To run with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be
drenched with, so that streams flow; as, the streets <i>ran with</i>
blood.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To flow while charged with some
foreign substance</cd>. "Its rivers <i>ran with</i> gold." <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Run</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to run (in the various senses of <u>Run</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>); as, to <i>run</i> a horse; to <i>run</i> a stage; to
<i>run</i> a machine; to <i>run</i> a rope through a block.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pursue in thought; to carry in
contemplation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>run</i> the world back to its first
original.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I would gladly understand the formation of a soul, and
<i>run</i> it up to its "punctum saliens."</blockquote>
<i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to enter; to thrust; as, to
<i>run</i> a sword into or through the body; to <i>run</i> a nail into
the foot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>run</i> your head into the lion's
mouth.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Having <i>run</i> his fingers through his
hair.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To drive or force; to cause, or permit, to
be driven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>ran</i> the ship aground.</blockquote> <i>Acts
xxvii. 41.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A talkative person <i>runs</i> himself upon great
inconveniences by blabbing out his own or other's
secrets.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Others, accustomed to retired speculations, <i>run</i>
natural philosophy into metaphysical notions.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To fuse; to shape; to mold; to cast; as, to
<i>run</i> bullets, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The purest gold must be <i>run</i> and
washed.</blockquote> <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be drawn; to mark out; to
indicate; to determine; as, to <i>run</i> a line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To cause to pass, or evade, offical
restrictions; to smuggle; -- said of contraband or dutiable
goods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heavy impositions . . . are a strong temptation of
<i>running</i> goods.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To go through or accomplish by running; as,
to <i>run</i> a race; to <i>run</i> a certain career.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To cause to stand as a candidate for
office; to support for office; as, to <i>run</i> some one for
Congress.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To encounter or incur, as a danger or
risk; as, to <i>run</i> the risk of losing one's life. See <i>To run
the chances</i>, below.</def> "He <i>runneth</i> two dangers."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To put at hazard; to venture; to
risk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would himself be in the Highlands to receive them,
and <i>run</i> his fortune with them.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To discharge; to emit; to give forth
copiously; to be bathed with; as, the pipe or faucet <i>runs</i> hot
water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the base of Pompey's statua,<BR>
Which all the while <i>ran</i> blood, great C&aelig;sar
fell.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To be charged with, or to contain much of,
while flowing; as, the rivers <i>ran</i> blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>To conduct; to manage; to carry on; as, to
<i>run</i> a factory or a hotel.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>To tease with sarcasms and ridicule.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>To sew, as a seam, by passing the needle
through material in a continuous line, generally taking a series of
stitches on the needle at the same time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>To migrate or move in schools; -- said of
fish; esp., to ascend a river in order to spawn.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To run a blockade</b></col>, <cd>to get to, or away from, a
blockaded port in safety.</cd> -- <col><b>To run down</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Hunting)</i> <cd>To chase till the object
pursued is captured or exhausted; as, <i>to run down</i> a stag</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To run against and sink, as a
vessel</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To crush; to overthrow; to
overbear</cd>. "Religion is <i>run down</i> by the license of these
times." <i>Berkeley.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To disparage; to
traduce.</cd> <i>F. W. Newman.</i> -- <col><b>To run hard</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To press in competition; as, <i>to run</i> one
<i>hard</i> in a race.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To urge or press
importunately</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To banter severely.</cd> -
- <col><b>To run into the ground</b></col>, <cd>to carry to an absurd
extreme; to overdo.</cd> [Slang, U.S.]  -- <col><b>To run
off</b></col>, <cd>to cause to flow away, as a charge of molten metal
from a furnace.</cd> -- <col><b>To run on</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>,
<cd>to carry on or continue, as the type for a new sentence, without
making a break or commencing a new paragraph.</cd> -- <col><b>To run
out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To thrust or push out; to
extend.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To waste; to exhaust; as, <i>to
run out</i> an estate.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Baseball)</i>
<cd>To put out while running between two bases.</cd> -- <col><b>To
run</b></col> <col><b>the chances, or one's chances</b></col>, <cd>to
encounter all the risks of a certain course.</cd> -- <col><b>To run
through</b></col>, <cd>to transfix; to pierce, as with a sword.</cd>
"[He] was <i>run through</i> the body by the man who had asked his
advice." <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To run up</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To thrust up, as anything long and
slender.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To increase; to enlarge by
additions, as an account</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To erect
hastily, as a building</cd>.</p>

<p><hw>Run</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of running; as, a long <i>run</i>; a good <i>run</i>; a quick
<i>run</i>; to go on the <i>run</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small stream; a brook; a creek.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which runs or flows in the course of a
certain operation, or during a certain time; as, a <i>run</i> of must
in wine making; the first <i>run</i> of sap in a maple
orchard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A course; a series; that which continues in
a certain course or series; as, a <i>run</i> of good or bad
luck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They who made their arrangements in the first
<i>run</i> of misadventure . . . put a seal on their
calamities.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>State of being current; currency;
popularity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is impossible for detached papers to have a general
<i>run</i>, or long continuance, if not diversified with
humor.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Continued repetition on the stage; -- said
of a play; as, to have a <i>run</i> of a hundred successive
nights.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A canting, mawkish play . . . had an immense
<i>run</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A continuing urgent demand; especially, a
pressure on a bank or treasury for payment of its notes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A range or extent of ground for feeding
stock; as, a sheep <i>run</i>.</def>  <i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
aftermost part of a vessel's hull where it narrows toward the stern,
under the quarter.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The distance sailed
by a ship; as, a good <i>run</i>; a <i>run</i> of fifty miles.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A voyage; as, a <i>run</i> to
China.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A pleasure excursion; a trip.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I think of giving her a <i>run</i> in
London.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The horizontal distance to
which a drift may be carried, either by license of the proprietor of a
mine or by the nature of the formation; also, the direction which a
vein of ore or other substance takes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A roulade, or series of
running tones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The greatest degree of
swiftness in marching.  It is executed upon the same principles as the
double-quick, but with greater speed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>The act of migrating, or ascending a river
to spawn; -- said of fish; also, an assemblage or school of fishes
which migrate, or ascend a river for the purpose of
spawning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>In baseball, a complete circuit of the
bases made by a player, which enables him to score one; in cricket, a
passing from one wicket to the other, by which one point is scored;
as, a player made three <i>runs</i>; the side went out with two
hundred <i>runs</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The "<i>runs</i>" are made from wicket to wicket, the
batsmen interchanging ends at each <i>run</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. A.
Proctor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>A pair or set of millstones.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At the long run</b></col>, <i>now, commonly</i>, <col><b>In
the long run</b></col>, <cd>in or during the whole process or course
of things taken together; in the final result; in the end;
finally.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>[Man] starts the inferior of the brute animals, but he
surpasses them <i>in the long run</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Home run</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A running or
returning toward home, or to the point from which the start was
made.</cd> Cf. <i>Home stretch</i>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Baseball)</i> <cd>See under <u>Home</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>The
run</b></col>, or <col><b>The common run</b></col>, etc., <cd>ordinary
persons; the generality or average of people or things; also, that
which ordinarily occurs; ordinary current, course, or kind.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw nothing else that is superior to <i>the common
run</i> of parks.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Burns never dreamed of looking down on others as
beneath him, merely because he was conscious of his own vast
superiority to <i>the common run</i> of men.</blockquote> <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His whole appearance was something out of <i>the common
run</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To let go by the run</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to
loosen and let run freely, as lines; to let fall without restraint, as
a sail.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Run</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Melted,
or made from molten material; cast in a mold; as, <i>run</i> butter;
<i>run</i> iron or lead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Smuggled; as, <i>run</i> goods.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Miss Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Run steel</b></col>, <cd>malleable iron castings. See under
<u>Malleable</u>.</cd>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Run"a*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ren&eacute;gat</i>, Prov. <i>renegat</i>. LL. <i>renegatus</i>;
confused with E. <i>run</i> and <i>gate</i> a way. See
<u>Renegade</u>.] <def>A fugitive; a vagabond; an apostate; a
renegade. See <u>Renegade</u>.</def>  <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wretched <i>runagates</i> from the jail.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who has not been a <i>runagate</i> from
duty?</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Run"a*way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, flees from danger, duty, restraint, etc.;
a fugitive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>runaway</i>, thou coward, art thou
fled?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of running away, esp. of a horse or
teams; as, there was a <i>runaway</i> yesterday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Run"a*way`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Running away; fleeing from danger, duty, restraint, etc.; as,
<i>runaway</i> soldiers; a <i>runaway</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accomplished by running away or elopement,
or during flight; as, a <i>runaway</i> marriage.</def></p>

<p> </p>

<p><hw>Run*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>runcatio</i>,
fr. <i>runcare</i> to weed out.] <def>A weeding.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Runch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
wild radish.</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Run"ci*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>runcinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>runcinare</i> to plane off, fr.
<i>runcina</i> a plane.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Pinnately cut with the
lobes pointing downwards, as the leaf of the dandelion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Run"del</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Rindle</u>.]
<def>A moat with water in it; also, a small stream; a runlet.</def>
[Prov. Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Run"del</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Rundle</u>.] <def>A
circle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Run"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [E. <i>round</i>.  Cf.
<u>Rondle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A round; a step of a ladder; a
rung.</def> <i>Duppa.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ball.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something which rotates about an axis, as a
wheel, or the drum of a capstan.</def> "An axis or cylinder having a
<i>rundle</i> about it."  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>One of the pins or trundles
of a lantern wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rund"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of OF.
<i>rondele</i> a little tun, fr. <i>rond</i> round. See <u>Round</u>,
and cf. <u>Roundlet</u>, <u>Runlet</u>.] <def>A small barrel of no
certain dimensions. It may contain from 3 to 20 gallons, but it
usually holds about 14&frac12; gallons.</def> [Written also
<i>runlet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Rune</hw> (r&udd;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>r&umacr;n</i>
a rune, a secret, a mystery; akin to Icel. <i>r&umacr;n</i>, OHG. &
Goth. <i>r&umacr;na</i> a secret, secret colloquy, G. &amp; Dan.
<i>rune</i> rune, and probably to Gr. <grk>'ereyna^n</grk> to search
for.  Cf. <u>Roun</u> to whisper.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A letter,
or character, belonging to the written language of the ancient
Norsemen, or Scandinavians; in a wider sense, applied to the letters
of the ancient nations of Northern Europe in general.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Norsemen had a peculiar alphabet, consisting of sixteen
letters, or characters, called <i>runes</i>, the origin of which is
lost in the remotest antiquity. The signification of the word
<i>rune</i> (mystery) seems to allude to the fact that originally only
a few were acquainted with the use of these marks, and that they were
mostly applied to secret tricks, witchcrafts and enchantments. But the
runes were also used in communication by writing.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Old Norse poetry expressed in
runes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Runes</i> were upon his tongue,<BR>
As on the warrior's sword.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rune stone</b></col>, <cd>a stone bearing a runic
inscription.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ru"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bard, or learned
man, among the ancient Goths.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Ring</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rung</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ronge</i>, AS.
<i>hrung</i>, a staff, rod, pole; akin to G. <i>runge</i> a short,
thick piece of iron or wood, OD. <i>ronghe</i> a prop, support, Icel.
<i>r&ouml;ng</i> a rib in a ship, Goth. <i>Hrugga</i> a staff.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A floor timber in a
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the rounds of a ladder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the stakes of a cart; a spar; a
heavy staff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>One of the radial handles
projecting from the rim of a steering wheel; also, one of the pins or
trundles of a lantern wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rung"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<def>The upper end of a floor timber in a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a rune, to runes, or to the Norsemen; as, <i>runic</i> verses;
<i>runic</i> letters; <i>runic</i> names; <i>runic</i>
rhyme.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Runic staff</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Clog almanac</i>, under
<u>Clog</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Runic wand</b></col>, <cd>a willow wand
bearing runes, formerly thought to have been used by the heathen
tribes of Northern Europe in magical ceremonies.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Run"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Run</i> + <i>-
let</i>.] <def>A little run or stream; a streamlet; a brook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To trace out to its marshy source every <i>runlet</i>
that has cast in its tiny pitcherful with the rest.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Run"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Rundlet</u>.</def> "A stoup of sack, or a <i>runlet</i> of canary."
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Run"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Run</u>.  Cf.
<u>Rindle</u>.] <def>A rivulet or small brook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bubbling <i>runnels</i> joined the sound.</blockquote>
<i>Collins.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By the very sides of the way . . . there are slow
<i>runnels</i>, in which one can see the minnows
swimming.</blockquote> <i>Masson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Run"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Run</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, runs; a
racer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A detective.</def> [Slang, Eng.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A messenger.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A smuggler.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>R.
North.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One employed to solicit patronage, as for a
steamboat, hotel, shop, etc.</def> [Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A slender trailing branch
which takes root at the joints or end and there forms new plants, as
in the strawberry and the common cinquefoil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The rotating stone of a set of
millstones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope rove through a block
and used to increase the mechanical power of a tackle.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1262 !></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>One of the pieces on which a sled or sleigh
slides; also the part or blade of a skate which slides on the
ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
horizontal channel in a mold, through which the metal flows to the
cavity formed by the pattern; also, the waste metal left in such a
channel.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A trough or channel for
leading molten metal from a furnace to a ladle, mold, or pig
bed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>The movable piece to which the ribs of an
umbrella are attached.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A food fish
(<i>Elagatis pinnulatus</i>) of Florida and the West Indies; -- called
also <i>skipjack</i>, <i>shoemaker</i>, and <i>yellowtail</i>. The
name alludes to its rapid successive leaps from the water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any cursorial
bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
movable slab or rubber used in grinding or polishing a surface of
stone.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tool on which lenses are
fastened in a group, for polishing or grinding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Run"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rennet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Run"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moving or advancing by running.</def> Specifically, of a horse;
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having a running gait; not a trotter or
pacer.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>trained and kept for running
races; as, a <i>running</i> horse.</def>  <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Successive; one following the other without
break or intervention; -- said of periods of time; as, to be away two
days <i>running</i>; to sow land two years <i>running</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Flowing; easy; cursive; as, a
<i>running</i> hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Continuous; keeping along step by step; as,
he stated the facts with a <i>running</i> explanation.</def> "A
<i>running</i> conquest." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What are art and science if not a <i>running</i>
commentary on Nature?</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Extending by a slender
climbing or trailing stem; as, a <i>running</i> vine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Discharging pus; as, a
<i>running</i> sore.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Running block</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a block in an
arrangement of pulleys which rises or sinks with the weight which is
raised or lowered.</cd> -- <col><b>Running board</b></col>, <cd>a
narrow platform extending along the side of a locomotive.</cd> --
<col><b>Running bowsprit</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Reefing bowsprit</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Running days</b></col>
<i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>the consecutive days occupied on a voyage under a
charter party, including Sundays and not limited to the working
days.</cd> <i>Simmonds.</i> -- <col><b>Running fire</b></col>, <cd>a
constant fire of musketry or cannon.</cd> -- <col><b>Running
gear</b></col>, <cd>the wheels and axles of a vehicle, and their
attachments, in distinction from the body; all the working parts of a
locomotive or other machine, in distinction from the framework.</cd> -
- <col><b>Running hand</b></col>, <cd>a style of rapid writing in
which the letters are usually slanted and the words formed without
lifting the pen; -- distinguished from <i>round hand</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Running part</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>that part of a rope
that is hauled upon, -- in distinction from the <i>standing
part</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Running rigging</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>that part of a ship's rigging or ropes which passes through
blocks, etc.; -- in distinction from <i>standing rigging</i>. </cd> --
<col><b>Running title</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>the title of a
book or chapter continued from page to page on the upper
margin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Run"ning</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who, or
of that which runs; as, the <i>running</i> was slow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which runs or flows; the quantity of a
liquid which flows in a certain time or during a certain operation;
as, the first <i>running</i> of a still.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The discharge from an ulcer or other
sore.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At long running</b></col>, <cd>in the long run.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Run"ning*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a running
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Run"nion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ronion.</u></def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Rune</i> + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>The science of runes.</def> -- <wf>Ru*nol"o*gist</wf>
(#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Run"round`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A felon or
whitlow.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Runt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>rant</i>.]
[Scot. <i>runt</i> an old cow, an old, withered woman, a hardened stem
or stalk, the trunk of a tree; cf. D. <i>rund</i> a bullock, an ox or
cow, G. <i>rind</i>.  Cf. <u>Rother</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any animal which is
unusually small, as compared with others of its kind; -- applied
particularly to domestic animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of domestic
pigeon, related to the barb and carrier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dwarf; also, a mean, despicable, boorish
person; -- used opprobriously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before I buy a bargain of such <i>runts</i>,<BR>
I'll buy a college for bears, and live among 'em.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The dead stump of a tree; also, the stem of
a plant.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither young poles nor old <i>runts</i> are
durable.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Runt"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a runt;
diminutive; mean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Run"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The channel of a stream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The beaten path made by deer or other
animals in passing to and from their feeding grounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*pee"</hw> (r&usdot;*p&emacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>r&umacr;piyah</i>, fr. Skr. <i>r&umacr;pya</i> silver, coined
silver or gold, handsome.] <def>A silver coin, and money of account,
in the East Indies.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The valuation of the rupee of sixteen annas, the standard
coin of India, by the United States Treasury department, varies from
time to time with the price of silver. In 1889 it was rated at about
thirty-two cents.</p>

<p><hw>Ru"pel*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>rupes</i> a rock.] <def>Rocky.</def> [Obs.] "This <i>rupellary</i>
nidary."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Ru"pert's drop`</hw> (?). <def>A kind of glass drop with a long
tail, made by dropping melted glass into water. It is remarkable for
bursting into fragments when the surface is scratched or the tail
broken; -- so called from Prince <i>Rupert</i>, nephew of Charles I.,
by whom they were first brought to England. Called also <i>Rupert's
ball</i>, and <i>glass tear</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ru"pi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. G. &?;
filth, dirt.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An eruption upon the skin, consisting
of vesicles with inflamed base and filled with serous, purulent, or
bloody fluid, which dries up, forming a blackish crust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"pi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to rupia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ru*pic"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>rupes</i>, gen. <i>rupis</i>, a rock + <i>colere</i> to inhabit.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of beautiful South American passerine
birds, including the cock of the rock.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The species are remarkable for having an elevated fan-shaped
crest of feathers on the head, and for the beautiful color of their
plumage, which is mostly some delicate shade of yellow or orange.</p>

<p><hw>Ru*pic"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Rock-inhabiting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rup"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ruptio</i>, fr.
<i>rumpere</i>, <i>ruptum</i>, to break.] <def>A breaking or bursting
open; breach; rupture.</def> "By <i>ruption</i> or apertion."
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rup"tu*a*ry</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<i>Roturier</i>.] <def>One not of noble blood; a plebeian; a
roturier.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The exclusion of the French <i>ruptuaries</i>
("roturiers," for history must find a word for this class when it
speaks of other nations) from the order of nobility.</blockquote>
<i>Chenevix.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rup"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ruptura</i>, fr. <i>rumpere</i>, <i>ruptum</i> to break: cf. F.
<i>rupture</i>. See <u>Reave</u>, and cf. <u>Rout</u> a defeat.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of breaking apart, or separating; the
state of being broken asunder; as, the <i>rupture</i> of the skin; the
<i>rupture</i> of a vessel or fiber; the <i>rupture</i> of a
lutestring.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hatch from the egg, that soon,<BR>
Bursting with kindly <i>rupture</i>, forth disclosed<BR>
Their callow young.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Breach of peace or concord between
individuals; open hostility or war between nations; interruption of
friendly relations; as, the parties came to a
<i>rupture</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He knew that policy would disincline Napoleon from a
<i>rupture</i> with his family.</blockquote> <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hernia. See
<u>Hernia</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A bursting open, as of a steam boiler, in a
less sudden manner than by explosion. See <u>Explosion</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Modulus of rupture</b></col>. <cd>(Engin.) See under
<u>Modulus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fracture; breach; break; burst; disruption;
dissolution. See <u>Fracture</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rup"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ruptured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rupturing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To part by violence; to
break; to burst; as, to <i>rupture</i> a blood vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce a hernia in.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rup"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To suffer a breach
or disruption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rup"tured</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Having a rupture, or hernia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rup"ture*wort"</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Burstwort</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A West Indian plant (<i>Alternanthera
polygonoides</i>) somewhat resembling burstwort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>ruralis</i>, fr. <i>rus</i>, <i>ruris</i>, the country.  Cf.
<u>Room</u> space, <u>Rustic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the country, as distinguished from a city or town;
living in the country; suitable for, or resembling, the country;
rustic; as, <i>rural</i> scenes; a <i>rural</i> prospect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here is a <i>rural</i> fellow; . . . <BR>
He brings you figs.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to agriculture; as,
<i>rural</i> economy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rural dean</b></col>. <i>(Eccl.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Dean</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rural deanery</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>,
<cd>the state, office, or residence, of a rural dean.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rustic.  -- <u>Rural</u>, <u>Rustic</u>.
<i>Rural</i> refers to the country itself; as, <i>rural</i> scenes,
prospects, delights, etc. <i>Rustic</i> refers to the character,
condition, taste, etc., of the original inhabitants of the country,
who were generally uncultivated and rude; as, <i>rustic</i> manners; a
<i>rustic</i> dress; a <i>rustic</i> bridge; rustic architecture,
etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>We turn<BR>
To where the silver Thames first <i>rural</i> grows.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lay bashfulness, that <i>rustic</i> virtue, by;<BR>
To manly confidence thy throughts apply.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ru*ra"les</hw> (r&usdot;*r&amacr;"l&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The gossamer-winged
butterflies; a family of small butterflies, including the hairstreaks,
violets, and theclas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"ral*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being rural; ruralness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rural idiom or expression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"ral*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who leads a
rural life.</def> <i>Coventry.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru*ral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> -
<plw><b>ties</b></plw> (#). [Cf. LL. <i>ruralitas</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being rural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rural place.</def> "Leafy
<i>ruralities</i>." <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"ral*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ruralized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ruralizing</u> (?).] <def>To render rural; to give a rural
appearance to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"ral*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become rural;
to go into the country; to rusticate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"ral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rural manner;
as in the country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"ral*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being rural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*ric"o*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ruricola</i>; <i>rus</i>, <i>ruris</i>, the country + <i>colere</i>
to inhabit.] <def>An inhabitant of the country.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru`ri*dec"a*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rus</i>,
<i>ruris</i> the country + <i>decanus</i> the chief of ten. See
<u>Dean</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a rural dean; as, a
<i>ruridecanal</i> district; the <i>ruridecanal</i> intellect.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ru*rig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rurigena</i>; <i>rus</i>, <i>ruris</i>, the country +
<i>genere</i>, <i>gignere</i>, to bring forth, pass., to be born.]
<def>Born in the country.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ruse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. OF.
<i>re&uuml;ser</i>, <i>rehuser</i>, to turn aside, to shuffle,
retreat, fr. L. <i>recusare</i> to refuse; pref. <i>re-</i> again +
<i>causa</i> cause. See <u>Cause</u>, and cf. <u>Recusant</u>.]
<def>An artifice; trick; stratagem; wile; fraud; deceit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Ruse de guerre</b></col> (&?;) [F.], <cd>a stratagem of
war.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rush</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rusche</i>,
<i>rische</i>, <i>resche</i>, AS. <i>risce</i>, akin to LG.
<i>rusk</i>, <i>risch</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>rusch</i>; all probably fr. L.
<i>ruscum</i> butcher's broom; akin to Goth. <i>raus</i> reed, G.
<i>rohr</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to
many aquatic or marsh-growing endogenous plants with soft, slender
stems, as the species of <i>Juncus</i> and <i>Scirpus</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some species are used in bottoming chairs and plaiting mats,
and the pith is used in some places for wicks to lamps and
rushlights.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The merest trifle; a straw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>John Bull's friendship is not worth a
<i>rush</i>.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bog rush</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bog</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Club rush</b></col>, <cd>any rush of the genus
<i>Scirpus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flowering rush</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Flowering</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Nut rush</b></col>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any plant of the genus <i>Scleria</i>,
rushlike plants with hard nutlike fruits</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A name for several species of <i>Cyperus</i> having tuberous
roots.</cd> -- <col><b>Rush broom</b></col>, <cd>an Australian
leguminous plant (<i>Viminaria denudata</i>), having long, slender
branches. Also, the Spanish broom. See under <u>Spanish</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rush candle</b></col>, <cd>See under <u>Candle</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rush grass</b></col>, <cd>any grass of the genus <i>Vilfa</i>,
grasses with wiry stems and one-flowered spikelets.</cd> --
<col><b>Rush toad</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
natterjack.</cd> -- <col><b>Scouring rush</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Same as <i>Dutch rush</i>, under <u>Dutch.</u> -- <col><b>Spike
rush</b></col>, any rushlike plant of the genus <i>Eleocharis</i>, in
which the flowers grow in dense spikes.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet
rush</b></col>, <cd>a sweet-scented grass of Arabia, etc.
(<i>Andropogon sch&oelig;nanthus</i>), used in Oriental medical
practice.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood rush</b></col>, <cd>any plant of the
genus <i>Luzula</i>, which differs in some technical characters from
<i>Juncus</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rush</hw> (r&ubreve;sh), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rushed</u> (r&ubreve;sht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rushing</u>.] [OE. <i>ruschen</i>; cf. AS.
<i>hryscan</i> to make a noise, D. <i>ruischen</i> to rustle, G.
<i>rauschen</i>, MHG. <i>r&umacr;schen</i> to rush, to rustle, LG.
<i>rusken</i>, OSw. <i>ruska</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>ruska</i> to shake,
Dan. <i>ruske</i> to shake, and E. <i>rouse</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To move forward with impetuosity, violence, and tumultuous
rapidity or haste; as, armies <i>rush</i> to battle; waters
<i>rush</i> down a precipice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like to an entered tide, they all <i>rush</i>
by.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter into something with undue haste
and eagerness, or without due deliberation and preparation; as, to
<i>rush</i> business or speculation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . never think it to be a part of religion to
<i>rush</i> into the office of princes and ministers.</blockquote>
<i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rush</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
push or urge forward with impetuosity or violence; to hurry
forward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To recite (a lesson) or pass (an
examination) without an error.</def> [College Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Rush</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
moving forward with rapidity and force or eagerness; a violent motion
or course; as, a <i>rush</i> of troops; a <i>rush</i> of winds; a
<i>rush</i> of water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gentleman of his train spurred up his horse, and,
with a violent <i>rush</i>, severed him from the duke.</blockquote>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Great activity with pressure; as, a
<i>rush</i> of business.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A perfect recitation.</def> [College Cant,
U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Football)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
rusher; as, the center <i>rush</i>, whose place is in the center of
the rush line; the end <i>rush</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
act of running with the ball.</def> </p>

<p><col><b>Bunt rush</b></col> <i>(Football)</i>, <cd>a combined rush
by main strength.</cd> -- <col><b>Rush line</b></col>
<i>(Football)</i>, <cd>the line composed of rushers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rush"-bear`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
rural festival at the dedication of a church, when the parishioners
brought rushes to strew the church.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rush"buc`kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bullying
and violent person; a braggart; a swashbuckler.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That flock of stout, bragging
<i>rushbucklers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Rushed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding or covered
with rushes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rush"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
rushes.</def> <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rush"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strewed rushes
on the floor at dances.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rush"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Rushy</u>.]
<def>The quality or state of abounding with rushes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rush"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rushing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rush"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rush candle,
or its light; hence, a small, feeble light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rush"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
rush; weak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rush"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with rushes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made of rushes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>rushy</i> couch and frugal fare.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"sine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>rusa</i>, the
name of the genus, Malay <i>r&umacr;sa</i> deer.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of, like, or pertaining to, a deer of the genus <i>Rusa</i>,
which includes the sambur deer (<i>Rusa Aristotelis</i>) of
India.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rusine antler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an antler
with the brow tyne simple, and the beam forked at the tip.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rusk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>rosca de mar</i>
sea rusks, a kind of biscuit, <i>rosca</i> properly meaning, a screw,
spiral.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of light, soft bread made with
yeast and eggs, often toasted or crisped in an oven; or, a kind of
sweetened biscuit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of light, hard cake or bread, as for
stores.</def> <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bread or cake which has been made brown and
crisp, and afterwards grated, or pulverized in a mortar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rus"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupt. from Turk.
<i>khyryzma</i> a paste used as a depilatory, fr. Gr. &?; an unguent;
cf. F. <i>rusma</i>.] <def>A depilatory made of orpiment and
quicklime, and used by the Turks. See <u>Rhusma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Russ</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Russian, or the Russians.</def> [Rare,
except in poetry.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of the Russians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Russ</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Russians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rus"set</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>rousset</i>, dim.
of <i>roux</i> red, L. <i>russus</i> (for <i>rudtus</i>,
<i>rudhtus</i>), akin to E. <i>red</i>. See <u>Red</u>, and cf.
<u>Roussette</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of a reddish brown color,
or (by some called) a red gray; of the color composed of blue, red,
and yellow in equal strength, but unequal proportions, namely, two
parts of red to one each of blue and yellow; also, of a yellowish
brown color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The morn, in <i>russet</i> mantle clad.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our summer such a <i>russet</i> livery
wears.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coarse; homespun; rustic.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rus"set</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
russet color; a pigment of a russet color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cloth or clothing of a russet
color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A country dress; -- so called because often
of a russet color.</def> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An apple, or a pear, of a russet color; as,
the <i>English russet</i>, and the <i>Roxbury russet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rus"set*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Russet</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2 and 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rus"set*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a russet
color; russet.</def></p>



<p><hw>Rus"sia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A country of Europe
and Asia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Russia iron</b></col>, <cd>a kind of sheet iron made in
Russia, having a lustrous blue-black surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Russia
leather</b></col>, <cd>a soft kind of leather, made originally in
Russia but now elsewhere, having a peculiar odor from being
impregnated with an oil obtained from birch bark. It is much used in
bookbinding, on account of its not being subject to mold, and being
proof against insects.</cd> -- <col><b>Russia matting</b></col>,
<cd>matting manufactured in Russia from the inner bark of the linden
(<i>Tilia Europ&aelig;a</i>).</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1263. !></p>

<p><hw>Rus"sian</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Russia, its inhabitants, or language.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of Russia; the
language of Russia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Russian bath</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bath</u>.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Rus"sian*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
Russian, or more or less like the Russians; as, to <i>Russianize</i>
the Poles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rus"si*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Russia</i>
+ L. <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-fy</u>.] <def>The act
or process of Russifying, or the state of being Russified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rus"si*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>russifier.</i> See <u>-fy</u>.] <def>To Russianize; as, to
<i>Russify</i> conquered tribes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rus"so*phile</hw> (?), <hw>Rus*soph"i*list</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Russia</i> + Gr. <grk>filei^n</grk> to love:
cf. F. <i>russophile</i>.] <def>One who, not being a Russian, favors
Russian policy and aggrandizement.</def> -- <wf>Rus*soph"ilism</wf>
(#),  <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chiefly newspaper words.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Rus"so*phobe</hw> (?), <hw>Rus*soph"o*bist</hw> (?) },
[<i>Russia</i> + Gr. <grk>fobei^n</grk> to fear.] <def>One who dreads
Russia or Russian influence.</def> [Words sometimes found in the
newspapers.]</p>

<p><hw>Rus`so*pho"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Morbid
dread of Russia or of Russian influence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rust</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>rust</i>; akin to
D. <i>roest</i>, G. &amp; Sw. <i>rost</i>, Icel. <i>ry&eth;</i>; -- named
from its color, and akin to E. <i>red</i>. &radic;113. See
<u>Red</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The reddish yellow
coating formed on iron when exposed to moist air, consisting of ferric
oxide or hydroxide; hence, by extension, any metallic film of
corrosion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A minute mold or fungus
forming reddish or rusty spots on the leaves and stems of cereal and
other grasses (<i>Trichobasis Rubigo-vera</i>), now usually believed
to be a form or condition of the corn mildew (<i>Puccinia
graminis</i>). As rust, it has solitary reddish spores; as corn
mildew, the spores are double and blackish.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Rust</i> is also applied to many other minute fungi which
infest vegetation, such as the species of <i>Ustilago</i>,
<i>Uredo</i>, and <i>Lecythea</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles rust in appearance or
effects.</def> Specifically: (a) <def>A composition used in making a
rust joint. See <i>Rust joint</i>, below.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Foul matter arising from degeneration; as, <i>rust</i> on salted
meat.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Corrosive or injurious accretion
or influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sacred truths cleared from all <i>rust</i> and dross of
human mixtures.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Rust</i> is used in the formation of compounds of obvious
meaning; as, <i>rust</i>-colored, <i>rust</i>-consumed, <i>rust</i>-
eaten, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Rust joint</b></col>, <cd>a joint made between surfaces of
iron by filling the space between them with a wet mixture of cast-iron
borings, sal ammoniac, and sulphur, which by oxidation becomes hard,
and impervious to steam, water, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Rust
mite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a minute mite (<i>Phytopius
oleivorus</i>) which, by puncturing the rind, causes the rust-colored
patches on oranges.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rust</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rusted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rusting</u>.] [AS. <i>rustian</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
contract rust; to be or become oxidized.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If gold <i>ruste</i>, what shall iron do?</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our armors now may <i>rust</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be affected with the parasitic fungus
called rust; also, to acquire a rusty appearance, as plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Fig.: <def>To degenerate in idleness; to become
dull or impaired by inaction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Must I <i>rust</i> in Egypt? never more<BR>
Appear in arms, and be the chief of Greece?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rust</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to contract rust; to corrode with rust; to affect with rust of
any kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep up your bright swords, for the dew will
<i>rust</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Fig.: <def>To impair by time and
inactivity.</def> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rust"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of rust;
resembling rust; causing rust; rusty.</def> "<i>Rustful</i> sloth."
<i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rus"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>rusticus</i>, fr.
<i>rus</i>, <i>ruris</i>, the country: cf. F. <i>rustique</i>. See
<u>Rural</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
country; rural; as, the <i>rustic</i> gods of antiquity.</def>
"<i>Rustic</i> lays." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And many a holy text around she strews,<BR>
That teach the <i>rustic</i> moralist to die.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She had a <i>rustic</i>, woodland air.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rude; awkward; rough; unpolished; as,
<i>rustic</i> manners.</def> "A <i>rustic</i> muse."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Coarse; plain; simple; as, a <i>rustic</i>
entertainment; <i>rustic</i> dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Simple; artless; unadorned;
unaffected.</def> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rustic moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any moth
belonging to <i>Agrotis</i> and allied genera. Their larv&aelig; are
called <i>cutworms</i>. See <u>Cutworm</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rustic
work</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>Cut stone
facing which has the joints worked with grooves or channels, the face
of each block projecting beyond the joint, so that the joints are very
conspicuous</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Arch. &amp; Woodwork)</i>
<cd>Summer houses, or furniture for summer houses, etc., made of rough
limbs of trees fancifully arranged.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rural; rude; unpolished; inelegant; untaught;
awkward; rough;  coarse; plain; unadorned; simple; artless; honest.
See <u>Rural</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Rus"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
inhabitant of the country, especially one who is rude, coarse, or
dull; a clown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hence to your fields, you <i>rustics</i>! hence,
away.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rural person having a natural simplicity
of character or manners; an artless, unaffected person.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Rus`tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rustic.</def>
"<i>Rustical</i> society."  <i>Thackeray.</i> --
<wf>Rus"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Rus"tic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rus"ti*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Rusticated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Rusticating</u>.] [L. <i>rusticaticus</i>, p. p. of
<i>rusticari</i> to rusticate. See <u>Rustic</u>.] <def>To go into or
reside in the country; to ruralize.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rus"ti*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To require or
compel to reside in the country; to banish or send away temporarily;
to impose rustication on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The town is again beginning to be full, and the
<i>rusticated</i> beauty sees an end of her banishment.</blockquote>
<i>Idler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rus"ti*ca`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Resembling rustic work. See <i>Rustic work</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under <u>Rustic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rus`ti*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rusticatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rusticating, or
the state of being rusticated; specifically, the punishment of a
student for some offense, by compelling him to leave the institution
for a time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Rustic work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rus*tic"ity</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rusticitas</i>: cf. F. <i>rusticit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality
or state of being rustic; rustic manners; rudeness; simplicity;
artlessness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sweetness and <i>rusticity</i> of a pastoral can
not be so well expressed in any other tongue as in the Greek, when
rightly mixed and qualified with the Doric dialect.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Saxons were refined from their
<i>rusticity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rus"tic*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rustic
manner; rustically.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rust"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a rusty
state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rust"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being rusty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rus"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rustled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rustling</u> (?).] [AS. <i>hristlan</i> to rustle; or cf. Sw.
<i>rusta</i> to stir, make a riot, or E. <i>rush</i>, v.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a quick succession of small sounds,
like the rubbing or moving of silk cloth or dry leaves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is coming; I hear his straw
<i>rustle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Prouder than <i>rustling</i> in unpaid-for
silk.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stir about energetically; to strive to
succeed; to bustle about.</def> [Slang, Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Rus"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to rustle;
as, the wind <i>rustles</i> the leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rus"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quick succession or
confusion of small sounds, like those made by shaking leaves or straw,
by rubbing silk, or the like; a rustling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the noise of a torrent, the <i>rustle</i> of a
wood, the song of birds, or the play of lambs, had power to fill the
attention, and suspend all perception of the course of
time.</blockquote> <i>Idler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rus"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, rustles.</def> </p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bovine animal that can care for itself in
any circumstances; also, an alert, energetic, driving person.</def>
[Slang, Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Rust"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
rust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rust"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>rustig</i>.]
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Rustier</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Rustiest.</u>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered or affected with rust; as, a <i>rusty</i> knife or sword;
<i>rusty</i> wheat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Impaired by inaction, disuse, or
neglect.</def> </p>

<p><blockquote>[Hector,] in this dull and long-continued truce,<BR>
Is <i>rusty</i> grown.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Discolored and rancid; reasty; as,
<i>rusty</i> bacon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Surly; morose; crusty; sullen.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.] "<i>Rusty</i> words."  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Rust-colored; dark.</def> "<i>Rusty</i>
blood." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Discolored; stained; not cleanly kept;
filthy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>rusty</i> little schooners that bring firewood
from the British provinces.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling, or covered with a
substance resembling, rust; affected with rust; rubiginous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>rut</i>, OF.
<i>ruit</i>, L. <i>rugitus</i> a roaring, fr. <i>rugire</i> to roar; -
- so called from the noise made by deer in rutting time.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Sexual desire or
&oelig;strus of deer, cattle, and various other mammals; heat; also,
the period during which the &oelig;strus exists.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Roaring, as of waves breaking upon the
shore; rote. See <u>Rote</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rut</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Rutted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Rutting</u>.] <def>To have a strong sexual impulse at the
reproductive period; -- said of deer, cattle, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rut</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover in
copulation.</def> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rut</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [variant of <i>route</i>.]
<def>A track worn by a wheel or by habitual passage of anything; a
groove in which anything runs. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rut</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a rut or ruts
in; -- chiefly used as a past participle or a participial adj.; as, a
<i>rutted</i> road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru`ta-ba"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of turnip commonly with a large and long or ovoid yellowish root;
a Swedish turnip. See <u>Turnip</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rutaceous</i>, from <i>ruta</i> rue. See <u>Rue</u> the plant.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to plants of a natural order
(<i>Rutace&aelig;</i>) of which the rue is the type, and which
includes also the orange, lemon, dittany, and buchu.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"tate</hw> (r&udd;"t&asl;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of rutic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruth</hw> (r&udd;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Rue</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>: cf. Icel. <i>hrygg&eth;</i>, <i>hryg&eth;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sorrow for the misery of another; pity;
tenderness.</def> [Poetic] "They weep for <i>ruth</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i>  "Have <i>ruth</i> of the poor." <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To stir up gentle <i>ruth</i>,<BR>
Both for her noble blood, and for her tender youth.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which causes pity or compassion;
misery; distress; a pitiful sight.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It had been hard this <i>ruth</i> for to
see.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With wretched miseries and woeful
<i>ruth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru*then"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, ruthenium; specifically,
designating those compounds in which it has a higher valence as
contrasted with <i>ruthenious</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*the"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, ruthenium; specifically,
designating those compounds in  which it has a lower valence as
contrasted with <i>ruthenic</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*the"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named from
the <i>Ruthenians</i>, a Little Russian people, as coming from Russia,
the metal having been found in the Ural mountains.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A rare element of the light platinum group, found associated with
platinum ores, and isolated as a hard, brittle steel-gray metal which
is very infusible.  Symbol Ru.  Atomic weight 103.5. Specific gravity
12.26. See <i>Platinum metals</i>, under <u>Platinum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ruth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
ruth</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Pitiful; tender.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Full of sorrow; woeful.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Causing sorrow.</def>  <i>Shak.</i> --
<wf>Ruth"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ruth"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no ruth;
cruel; pitiless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their rage the hostile bands restrain,<BR>
All but the <i>ruthless</i> monarch of the main.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ruth"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ruth"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ru"tic</hw> (r&udd;"t&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Rutaceous</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained
from, rue (<i>Ruta</i>); as, <i>rutic</i> acid, now commonly called
<i>capric acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"ti*lant</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rutilans</i>, p. pr. of <i>rutilare</i> to have a reddish glow, fr.
<i>rutilus</i> red: cf. F. <i>rutilant</i>.] <def>Having a reddish
glow; shining.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Parchments . . . colored with this <i>rutilant</i>
mixture.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"ti*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rutilare</i>, <i>rutilatum</i>.] <def>To shine; to emit rays of
light.</def> [Obs.] <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"tile</hw> (r&udd;"t&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>rutilus</i> red, inclining to golden yellow.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral usually of a reddish brown color, and brilliant metallic
adamantine luster, occurring in tetragonal crystals. In composition it
is titanium dioxide, like octahedrite and brookite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru*til"i*an</hw> (r&usdot;*t&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
lamellicorn beetles belonging to <i>Rutila</i> and allied genera, as
the spotted grapevine beetle (<i>Pelidnota punctata</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ru"tin</hw> (r&udd;"t&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside resembling, but distinct from,
quercitrin. Rutin is found in the leaves of the rue (<i>Ruta
graveolens</i>) and other plants, and obtained as a bitter yellow
crystalline substance which yields quercitin on
decomposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rut"ter</hw> (r&ubreve;t"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>ruiter</i> a rider.  Cf. <u>Ruttier</u>.] <def>A horseman or
trooper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such a regiment of <i>rutters</i><BR>
Never defied men braver.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Rut</u>.] <def>That
which ruts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rut"ter*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old crafty
fox or beguiler -- a word of contempt.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rut"ti*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>routier</i>,
fr. <i>route</i> a road. See <u>Route</u>.] <def>A chart of a course,
esp. at sea.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rut"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to rut;
lustful; libidinous; salacious.</def>  <i>Shak.</i> --
<wf>Rut"tish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Rut"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rattling sound in the
throat arising from difficulty of breathing; a rattle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Rut"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ruttish;
lustful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rut"ty</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of ruts; as, a
<i>rutty</i> road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rut"ty</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Root</u>.]
<def>Rooty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ru"ty*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
liquid hydrocarbon, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>18</sub>, of the acetylene
series. It is produced artificially.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ry"al</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Royal.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ry"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Rial</u>, an
old English coin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ry"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
clause added to a document; a rider. See <u>Rider</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [D. <i>rijder</i>, properly, a rider.] <def>A
gold coin of Zealand [Netherlands] equal to 14 florins, about $
5.60.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rye</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>rie</i>,
<i>reie</i>, AS. <i>ryge</i>; akin to Icel. <i>rugr</i>, Sw.
<i>r&aring;g</i>, Dan. <i>rug</i>, D. <i>rogge</i>, OHG. <i>rocco</i>,
<i>roggo</i>, G. <i>rocken</i>, <i>roggen</i>, Lith. <i>rugei</i>,
Russ. <i>roje</i>, and perh. to Gr. <grk>'o`ryza</grk> rice.  Cf.
<u>Rice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A grain yielded by
a hardy cereal grass (<i>Secale cereale</i>), closely allied to wheat;
also, the plant itself.  Rye constitutes a large portion of the
breadstuff used by man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disease in a hawk.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rye grass</b></col>, <col><b>Italian rye grass</b></col>,
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Grass</u>. See also <u>Ray grass</u>,
and <u>Darnel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild rye</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>any plant of the genus <i>Elymus</i>, tall grasses with much the
appearance of rye.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Rynd</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A piece of iron crossing the hole in the upper millstone by which
the stone is supported on the spindle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ry"ot</hw> (r&imacr;"&obreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. &
Hind. <i>ra'iyat</i>, the same word as <i>ra'iyah</i>, a subject,
tenant, peasant. See <u>Rayah</u>.] <def>A peasant or cultivator of
the soil.</def> [India]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Indian <i>ryot</i> and the Egyptian fellah work for
less pay than any other laborers in the world.</blockquote> <i>The
Nation.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ry*poph"a*gous</hw> (r&isl;*p&obreve;f"&adot;*g&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>"ry`pos</grk> filth +
<grk>fagei^n</grk> to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Eating, or
subsisting on, filth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rys</hw> (r&imacr;s <i>or</i> r&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A branch.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rysh</hw> (r&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rush, a
plant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ry*sim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rhysimeter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ryth</hw> (r&ibreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>ri&eth;</i> brook.] <def>A ford.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ryt"i*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>"ryti`s</grk> a wrinkle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
large edentulous sirenians, allied to the dugong and manatee,
including but one species (<i>R. Stelleri</i>); -- called also
<i>Steller's sea cow</i>.</def> [Written also <i>Rhytina</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; It is now extinct, but was formerly abundant at Behring's
Island, near Behring's Straits. It was twenty-five feet or more in
length, with a thick, blackish, naked skin. The last were killed in
1768 for their oil and flesh.</p>

<p><! p. 1264 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><point26>S.</point26></p>

<p><hw>S</hw> (&ebreve;s), <def>the nineteenth letter of the English
alphabet, is a consonant, and is often called a sibilant, in allusion
to its hissing sound. It has two principal sounds; one a mere hissing,
as in <i>sack</i>, <i>this</i>; the other a vocal hissing (the same as
that of <i>z</i>), as in <i>is</i>, <i>wise</i>. Besides these it
sometimes has the sounds of <i>sh</i> and <i>zh</i>, as in
<i>sure</i>, <i>measure</i>. It generally has its hissing sound at the
beginning of words, but in the middle and at the end of words its
sound is determined by usage. In a few words it is silent, as in
<i>isle</i>, <i>d&eacute;bris</i>.  With the letter <i>h</i> it forms
the digraph <i>sh</i>.  See <i>Guide to pronunciation</i>,
&sect;&sect; 255-261.</def></p>

<p>   Both the form and the name of the letter S are derived from the
Latin, which got the letter through the Greek from the
Ph&aelig;nician. The ultimate origin is Egyptian. S is etymologically
most nearly related to <i>c</i>, <i>z</i>, <i>t</i>, and <i>r</i>; as,
in i<i>c</i>e, OE. i<i>s</i>; E. hen<i>c</i>e, OE. henne<i>s</i>; E.
ra<i>s</i>e, ra<i>z</i>e; era<i>s</i>e, ra<i>z</i>or; tha<i>t</i>, G.
da<i>s</i>; E. rea<i>s</i>on, F. rai<i>s</i>on,  L. ra<i>t</i>io; E.
wa<i>s</i>, we<i>r</i>e; chai<i>r</i>, chai<i>s</i>e (see C, Z, T, and
R.).</p>

<p><hw>-s</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [OE. <i>es</i>, AS. <i>as</i>.]
<def>The suffix used to form the plural of most words; as in
road<i>s</i>, elf<i>s</i>, side<i>s</i>, account<i>s</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [OE. <i>-s</i>, for older <i>-th</i>, AS. <i>-
&eth;</i>.] <def>The suffix used to form the third person singular
indicative of English verbs; as in fall<i>s</i>, tell<i>s</i>,
send<i>s</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An adverbial suffix; as in toward<i>s</i>,
need<i>s</i>, alway<i>s</i>, -- originally the genitive, possesive,
ending. See <u>-'s</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>-'s</hw> [OE. <i>-es</i>, AS. <i>-es</i>.] The suffix used to
form the possessive singular of nouns; as, boy<i>'s</i>;
man<i>'s</i>.</p>

<p><hw>'s</hw>. <def>A contraction for <i>is</i> or (colloquially) for
<i>has</i>.</def> "My heart<i>'s</i> subdued." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"adh</hw> (s&auml;"&adot;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sadh</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saan</hw> (s&auml;n), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Bushmen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab`a*dil"la</hw> (s&abreve;b`&adot;*d&ibreve;l"l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>cebadilla</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Mexican liliaceous plant (<i>Sch&oelig;nocaulon officinale</i>); also,
its seeds, which contain the alkaloid veratrine. It was formerly used
in medicine as an emetic and purgative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*b&aelig;"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sabian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*b&aelig;"an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sabianism</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa"b&aelig;*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Sa"ba*ism</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sabianism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"bal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of palm trees including the palmetto of the Southern United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab"a*oth</hw> (s&abreve;b"&asl;*&obreve;th or
s&adot;"b&amacr;*&obreve;th; 277), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>tseb&amacr;'&omacr;th</i>, pl. of <i>ts&amacr;b&amacr;'</i>, an
army or host, fr. <i>ts&amacr;b&amacr;'</i>, to go forth to war.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Armies; hosts.</def> [Used twice in the
English Bible, in the phrase "The Lord of Sabaoth."]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incorrectly, the Sabbath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab"bat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sabbath</u>.]
<def>In medi&aelig;val demonology, the nocturnal assembly in which
demons and sorcerers were thought to celebrate their orgies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab`ba*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Sabbatarius</i>: cf. F. <i>sabbataire</i>. See <u>Sabbath</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who regards and keeps the seventh day of
the week as holy, agreeably to the letter of the fourth commandment in
the Decalogue.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There were Christians in the early church who held this
opinion, and certain Christians, esp. the <i>Seventh-day Baptists</i>,
hold it now.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strict observer of the Sabbath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab`ba*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Sabbath, or the tenets of Sabbatarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab`ba*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
tenets of Sabbatarians.</def>  <i>Bp. Ward (1673).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sab"bath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sabat</i>,
<i>sabbat</i>, F. <i>sabbat</i>, L. <i>sabbatum</i>, Gr.
<grk>sa`bbaton</grk>, fr. Heb. <i>shabb&amacr;th</i>, fr.
<i>sh&amacr;bath</i> to rest from labor.  Cf. <u>Sabbat</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A season or day of rest; one day in seven
appointed for rest or worship, the observance of which was enjoined
upon the Jews in the Decalogue, and has been continued by the
Christian church with a transference of the day observed from the last
to the first day of the week, which is called also <i>Lord's
Day</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Remember the <i>sabbath</i> day, to keep it
holy.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xx. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The seventh year, observed among the
Israelites as one of rest and festival.</def>  <i>Lev. xxv. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A time of rest or repose;
intermission of pain, effort, sorrow, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Peaceful sleep out the <i>sabbath</i> of the
tomb.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sabbath breaker</b></col>, <cd>one who violates the law of
the Sabbath.</cd> -- <col><b>Sabbath breaking</b></col>, <cd>the
violation of the law of the Sabbath.</cd> -- <col><b>Sabbath-day's
journey</b></col>, <cd>a distance of about a mile, which, under
Rabbinical law, the Jews were allowed to travel on the
Sabbath.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Sabbath</u>, <u>Sunday</u>.  <i>Sabbath</i> is
not strictly synonymous with <i>Sunday</i>. <i>Sabbath</i> denotes the
institution; <i>Sunday</i> is the name of the first day of the week.
The <i>Sabbath</i> of the Jews is on <i>Saturday</i>, and the
<i>Sabbath</i> of most Christians on <i>Sunday</i>. In New England,
the first day of the week has been called "<i>the Sabbath</i>," to
mark it as holy time; <i>Sunday</i> is the word more commonly used, at
present, in all parts of the United States, as it is in England. "So
if we will be the children of our heavenly Father, we must be careful
to keep the Christian <i>Sabbath</i> day, which is the <i>Sunday</i>."
<i>Homilies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sab"bath*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without Sabbath,
or intermission of labor; hence, without respite or rest.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sab*bat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sab*bat"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>sabbatique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the Sabbath; resembling the Sabbath; enjoying or
bringing an intermission of labor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sabbatical year</b></col> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i>, <cd>every
seventh year, in which the Israelites were commanded to suffer their
fields and vineyards to rest, or lie without tillage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sab"ba*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sabbatismus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to keep the Sabbath: cf. F.
<i>sabbatisme</i>. See <u>Sabbath</u>.] <def>Intermission of labor, as
upon the Sabbath; rest.</def> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sab"ba*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>zapaton</i>, a large shoe, F. <i>sabot</i> a wooden shoe.] <def>A
round-toed, armed covering for the feet, worn during a part of the
sixteenth century in both military and civil dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*be"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sabian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"be*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sabianism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*bel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sabulum</i> gravel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of tubicolous
annelids having a circle of plumose gills around the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*bel"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the doctrines or tenets of Sabellius. See <u>Sabellian</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*bel"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of <i>Sabellius</i>, a presbyter of
Ptolemais in the third century, who maintained that there is but one
person in the Godhead, and that the Son and Holy Spirit are only
different powers, operations, or offices of the one God the
Father.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*bel"li*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>The doctrines or tenets of Sabellius. See <u>Sabellian</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*bel"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sabella</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or related to, the genus
Sabella.</def> -- <wf>Sa*bel"loid</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa"ber</hw>, <hw>Sa"bre</hw> } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sabre</i>, G. <i>s&auml;bel</i>; of uncertain origin; cf. Hung.
<i>sz&aacute;blya</i>, Pol. <i>szabla</i>, Russ. <i>sabla</i>, and L.
Gr. <grk>zabo`s</grk> crooked, curved.] <def>A sword with a broad and
heavy blade, thick at the back, and usually more or less curved like a
scimiter; a cavalry sword.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saber fish</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Sabre
fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cutlass fish.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa"ber</hw>, <hw>Sa"bre</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sabered</u> (?) or <u>Sabred</u>
(&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sabering</u> or
<u>Sabring</u> (&?;).] [Cf. F. <i>sabrer</i>.] <def>To strike, cut, or
kill with a saber; to cut down, as with a saber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You send troops to <i>saber</i> and bayonet us into
submission.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa"ber*bill`</hw>, <hw>Sa"bre*bill`</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The curlew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"bi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sabaeus</i>.]
[Written also <i>Sabean</i>, and <i>Sab&aelig;an</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Saba in Arabia, celebrated
for producing aromatic plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the religion of Saba, or to the
worship of the heavenly bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"bi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent of the
Sabian religion; a worshiper of the heavenly bodies.</def> [Written
also <i>Sab&aelig;an</i>, and <i>Sabean</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"bi*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine
of the Sabians; the Sabian religion; that species of idolatry which
consists in worshiping the sun, moon, and stars; heliolatry.</def>
[Written also <i>Sab&aelig;anism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sab"i*cu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The very hard
wood of a leguminous West Indian tree (<i>Lysiloma Sabicu</i>), valued
for shipbuilding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sabinus</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the ancient Sabines, a people of Italy.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Sabine people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>Sabina
herba</i>, fr. <i>Sabini</i> the Sabines.  Cf. <u>Savin</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Savin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sable</i>, F.
<i>zibeline</i> sable (in sense 4), LL. <i>sabellum</i>; cf. D.
<i>sabel</i>, Dan. <i>sabel</i>, <i>zobel</i>, Sw. <i>sabel</i>,
<i>sobel</i>, G. <i>zobel</i>; all fr. Russ. <i>s&oacute;bole</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A carnivorous animal of
the Weasel family (<i>Mustela zibellina</i>) native of the northern
latitudes of Europe, Asia, and America, -- noted for its fine, soft,
and valuable fur.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The sable resembles the marten, but has a longer head and
ears. Its fur consists of a soft under wool, with a dense coat of
hair, overtopped by another still longer. It varies greatly in color
and quality according to the locality and the season of the year.  The
darkest and most valuable furs are taken in autumn and winter in the
colder parts of Siberia, Russia, and British North America.</p>

<p>&fist; The American sable, or marten, was formerly considered a
distinct species (<i>Mustela Americana</i>), but it differs very
little from the Asiatic sable, and is now considered only a
geographical variety.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fur of the sable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mourning garment; a funeral robe; --
generally in the plural.</def> "<i>Sables</i> wove by destiny."
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The tincture black; --
represented by vertical and horizontal lines crossing each
other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the color of the
sable's fur; dark; black; -- used chiefly in poetry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Night, <i>sable</i> goddess! from her ebon throne,<BR>
In rayless majesty, now stretches forth<BR>
Her leaden scepter o'er a slumbering world.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sable antelope</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
South African antelope (<i>Hippotragus niger</i>). Both sexes have
long, sharp horns. The adult male is black; the female is dark
chestnut above, white beneath.</cd> -- <col><b>Sable iron</b></col>,
<cd>a superior quality of Russia iron; -- so called because originally
stamped with the figure of a sable.</cd> -- <col><b>Sable
mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the lemming.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sabled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sabling</u> (?).] <def>To render sable or dark; to drape darkly or
in black.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sabled</i> all in black the shady sky.</blockquote>
<i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`bot"</hw> (s&adot;`b&omacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of wooden shoe worn by the peasantry in
France, Belgium, Sweden, and some other European countries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A thick, circular disk of
wood, to which the cartridge bag and projectile are attached, in fixed
ammunition for cannon; also, a piece of soft metal attached to a
projectile to take the groove of the rifling.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`bo"ti&egrave;re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
kind of freezer for ices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"bre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saber</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"bre*tasche`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sabretache</i>, G. <i>s&auml;beltasche</i>; <i>s&auml;bel</i> saber
+ <i>tasche</i> a pocket.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A leather case or pocket
worn by cavalry at the left side, suspended from the sword belt.</def>
<i>Campbell (Dict. Mil. Sci.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*bri"na work`</hw> (?). <def>A variety of appliqu&eacute;
work for quilts, table covers, etc.</def>  <i>Caulfeild &amp; S. (Dict. of
Needlework).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sab"u*lose</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sabulosus</i>,
from <i>sabulum</i>, <i>sabulo</i>, sand.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing
in sandy places.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab`u*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being sabulous; sandiness; grittiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sab"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sabulosus</i>.] <def>Sandy; gritty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac</hw> (s&add;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sacs</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sake</u>, <u>Soc</u>.]
<i>(O.Eng. Law)</i> <def>The privilege formerly enjoyed by the lord of
a manor, of holding courts, trying causes, and imposing fines.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac</hw> (s&abreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>saccus</i> a sack. See <u>Sack</u> a bag.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See 2d <u>Sack</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A cavity, bag, or
receptacle, usually containing fluid, and either closed, or opening
into another cavity to the exterior; a sack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"a*lait</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A kind of fresh-water bass; the crappie.</def> [Southern
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"car</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac*cade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Man.)</i>
<def>A sudden, violent check of a horse by drawing or twitching the
reins on a sudden and with one pull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>saccatus</i>,
fr. L. <i>saccus</i> a sack, bag.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Having the form of a sack or pouch; furnished with a sack or
pouch, as a petal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Saccata</i>, a suborder of ctenophores having two pouches into
which the long tentacles can be retracted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A salt of saccharic acid.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a wider sense, a compound of saccharose,
or any similar carbohydrate, with such bases as the oxides of calcium,
barium, or lead; a sucrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac*char"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, saccharine substances;
specifically, designating an acid obtained, as a white amorphous gummy
mass, by the oxidation of mannite, glucose, sucrose, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saccharon</i> sugar + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing sugar; as,
<i>sacchariferous</i> canes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac*char"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Saccharified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Saccharifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>saccharon</i> sugar +
<i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>saccharifier</i>.] <def>To convert into, or to
impregnate with, sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*ril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
muslin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*rim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saccharon</i> sugar + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F.
<i>saccharim&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument for ascertaining the
quantity of saccharine matter in any solution, as the juice of a
plant, or brewers' and distillers' worts.</def> [Written also
<i>saccharometer</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The <i>common saccharimeter</i> of the brewer is an
hydrometer adapted by its scale to point out the proportion of
saccharine matter in a solution of any specific gravity. The
<i>polarizing saccharimeter</i> of the chemist is a complex optical
apparatus, in which polarized light is transmitted through the
saccharine solution, and the proportion of sugar indicated by the
relative deviation of the plane of polarization.</p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*ri*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to saccharimetry; obtained by saccharimetry.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1265 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*rim"e*try</hw>
(s&abreve;k`k&adot;*r&ibreve;m"&esl;*tr&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The act, process or method of determining the amount and kind of
sugar present in sirup, molasses, and the like, especially by the
employment of polarizing apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rin</hw> (s&abreve;k"k&adot;*r&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L. <i>saccharon</i> sugar.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter white crystalline substance obtained from
the saccharinates and regarded as the lactone of saccharinic acid; --
so called because formerly supposed to be isomeric with cane sugar
(<i>saccharose</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*ri*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A salt of saccharinic acid.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A salt of saccharine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>saccharin</i>, fr. L. <i>saccharon</i> sugar, Gr. &?;, &?;, &?;,
Skr. <i>&ccedil;arkara</i>. Cf. <u>Sugar</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to sugar; having the qualities of sugar; producing sugar; sweet; as, a
<i>saccharine</i> taste; <i>saccharine</i> matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A trade name for benzoic sulphinide.</def> [Written also
<i>saccharin</i>.] </p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, saccharin; specifically,
designating a complex acid not known in the free state but well known
in its salts, which are obtained by boiling dextrose and levulose
(invert sugar) with milk of lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Saccharized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Saccharizing</u> (?).] <def>To convert into, or to
impregnate with, sugar.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sac"cha*roid</hw> (?), <hw>Sac`cha*roid"al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saccharon</i> sugar + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F.
<i>saccharo&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Resembling sugar, as in taste,
appearance, consistency, or composition; as, <i>saccharoidal</i>
limestone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
saccharimeter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sac`cha*ro*my"ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; sugar + &?;, &?;, a fungus.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A genus of
budding fungi, the various species of which have the power, to a
greater or less extent, or splitting up sugar into alcohol and
carbonic acid. They are the active agents in producing fermentation of
wine, beer, etc. <i>Saccharomyces cerevisi&aelig;</i> is the yeast of
sedimentary beer. Also called <i>Torula</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sac`cha*ro*my*ce"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A family of fungi consisting of the one genus
Saccharomyces.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*ro*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of saccharonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sacchar</i>in +
lact<i>one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A white
crystalline substance, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>6</sub>,
obtained by the oxidation of saccharin, and regarded as the lactone of
saccharonic acid.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An oily liquid,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, obtained by the reduction of
saccharin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cha*ron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, saccharone; specifically,
designating an unstable acid which is obtained from saccharone
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> by hydration, and forms a well-known series of
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Cane sugar; sucrose; also, in general, any one of the group of
which saccharose, or sucrose proper, is the type. See
<u>Sucrose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cha*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Saccharine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sac"cha*rum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Saccharine</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of tall tropical
grasses including the sugar cane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cho*lac"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Saccholactic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of saccholactic acid;
-- formerly called also <i>saccholate</i>.</def> [Obs.] See
<u>Mucate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sac`cho*lac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saccharon</i> sugar + <i>lac</i>, <i>lactis</i>, milk.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid now
called <i>mucic acid</i>; saccholic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sac*chol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Saccholactic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sac*chul"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sacchulmic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac*chul"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sacch</i>arine
+ <i>ulmic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, an acid obtained as a dark amorphous substance by the
long-continued boiling of sucrose with very dilute sulphuric acid. It
resembles humic acid.</def> [Written also <i>sacculmic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sac*chul"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An amorphous huminlike substance resembling sacchulmic acid, and
produced together with it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saccus</i>
a sack + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Bearing a sac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saccus</i> a
sack + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the general form of a
sac.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sac`co*glos"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>saccus</i> a sack + Gr. &?; a tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Pellibranchiata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a sac;
sacciform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished
with little sacs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sacculus</i>,
dim. of <i>saccus</i> sack.] <def>A little sac; specifically, the
sacculus of the ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cu*lo-coch"le*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the sacculus and cochlea of the
ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`cu*lo-u*tric"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the sacculus and utriculus of the
ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sac"cu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sacculi</b></plw> (#). [L., little sack.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A little sac; esp., a part of the membranous labyrinth of the
ear.</def> See the Note under <u>Ear</u>. </p>

<p><hw>||Sac"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sacci</b></plw> (#). [L., a sack.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
sac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*cel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sacella</b></plw> (#). [L., dim. of <i>sacrum</i> a sacred
place.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An unroofed
space consecrated to a divinity.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A small monumental chapel in a church.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`er*do"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sacerdotalis</i>, fr. <i>sacerdos</i>, <i>-otis</i>, a priest, fr.
<i>sacer</i> holy, sacred: cf. F. <i>sacerdotal</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to priests, or to the order of priests; relating to the
priesthood; priesty; as, <i>sacerdotal</i> dignity; <i>sacerdotal</i>
functions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ascendency of the <i>sacerdotal</i> order was long
the ascendency which naturally and properly belongs to intellectual
superiority.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`er*do"tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
system, style, spirit, or character, of a priesthood, or sacerdotal
order; devotion to the interests of the sacerdotal order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`er*do"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sacerdotal manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sach"el</hw> (s&abreve;ch"&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A small bag.</def> See <u>Satchel</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sa"chem</hw> (s&acr";ch<i>e</i>m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
chief of a tribe of the American Indians; a sagamore.</def> See
<u>Sagamore</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sa"chem*dom</hw> (-d&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
government or jurisdiction of a sachem.</def> <i>Dr. T.
Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"chem*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Office or
condition of a sachem.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`chet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>sac</i>. See <u>Sac</u>.] <def>A scent bag, or perfume cushion, to
be laid among handkerchiefs, garments, etc., to perfume
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*ci"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Satiety.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sack</hw> (s&scr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>seck</i>, F.
<i>sec</i> dry (cf. Sp. <i>seco</i>, It. <i>secco</i>), from L.
<i>siccus</i> dry, harsh; perhaps akin to Gr. <grk>'ischno`s</grk>,
Skr. <i>sikata</i> sand, Ir. <i>sesc</i> dry, W. <i>hysp</i>. Cf.
<u>Desiccate</u>.] <def>A name formerly given to various dry Spanish
wines.</def> "Sherris <i>sack</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sack posset</b></col>, <cd>a posset made of sack, and some
other ingredients.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sak</i>, <i>sek</i>,
AS. <i>sacc</i>, <i>s&aelig;cc</i>, L. <i>saccus</i>, Gr.
<grk>sa`kkos</grk> from Heb. <i>sak</i>; cf. F. <i>sac</i>, from the
Latin. Cf. <u>Sac</u>, <u>Satchel</u>, <u>Sack</u> to plunder.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bag for holding and carrying goods of any
kind; a receptacle made of some kind of pliable material, as cloth,
leather, and the like; a large pouch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measure of varying capacity, according to
local usage and the substance. The American <i>sack</i> of salt is 215
pounds; the <i>sack</i> of wheat, two bushels.</def>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Perhaps a different word.] <def>Originally, a
loosely hanging garment for women, worn like a cloak about the
shoulders, and serving as a decorative appendage to the gown; now, an
outer garment with sleeves, worn by women; as, a dressing
<i>sack</i>.</def> [Written also <i>sacque</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sack coat; a kind of coat worn by men,
and extending from top to bottom without a cross seam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See 2d <u>Sac</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sack bearer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>. <cd>See
<i>Basket worm</i>, under <u>Basket</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sack
tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an East Indian tree (<i>Antiaris
saccidora</i>) which is cut into lengths, and made into sacks by
turning the bark inside out, and leaving a slice of the wood for a
bottom.</cd> -- <col><b>To give the sack to</b></col> or <col><b>get
the sack</b></col>, <cd>to discharge, or be discharged, from
employment; to jilt, or be jilted.</cd> [Slang]  </p>

<p><hw>Sack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
put in a sack; to bag; as, to <i>sack</i> corn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bolsters <i>sacked</i> in cloth, blue and
crimson.</blockquote> <i>L. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bear or carry in a sack upon the back or
the shoulders.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sac</i> plunder,
pillage, originally, a pack, packet, booty packed up, fr. L.
<i>saccus</i>. See <u>Sack</u> a bag.] <def>The pillage or plunder, as
of a town or city; the storm and plunder of a town; devastation;
ravage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The town was stormed, and delivered up to <i>sack</i>,
-- by which phrase is to be understood the perpetration of all those
outrages which the ruthless code of war allowed, in that age, on the
persons and property of the defenseless inhabitants, without regard to
sex or age.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sacked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sacking</u>.] [See <u>Sack</u> pillage.] <def>To plunder or
pillage, as a town or city; to devastate; to ravage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Romans lay under the apprehensions of seeing their
city <i>sacked</i> by a barbarous enemy.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sack"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
taking by storm and pillaging; sack.</def> [R.] <i>H. Roscoe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sack"but</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>saquebute</i>,
OF. <i>saqueboute</i> a sackbut, earlier, a sort of hook attached to
the end of a lance used by foot soldiers to unhorse cavalrymen; prop.
meaning, pull and push; fr. <i>saquier</i>, <i>sachier</i>, to pull,
draw (perhaps originally, to put into a bag or take out from a bag;
see <u>Sack</u> a bag) + <i>bouter</i> to push (see <u>Butt</u> to
thrust). The name was given to the musical instrument from its being
lengthened and shortened.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A brass wind instrument,
like a bass trumpet, so contrived that it can be lengthened or
shortened according to the tone required; -- said to be the same as
the trombone.</def> [Written also <i>sagbut</i>.] <i>Moore (Encyc. of
Music).</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>sackbut</i> of the Scriptures is supposed to have
been a stringed instrument.</p>

<p><hw>Sack"cloth`</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Linen or
cotton cloth such as sacks are made of; coarse cloth; anciently, a
cloth or garment worn in mourning, distress, mortification, or
penitence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gird you with <i>sackcloth</i>, and mourn before
Abner.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. iii. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus with <i>sackcloth</i> I invest my
woe.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sack"clothed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clothed in
sackcloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sack"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sacks; one
who takes part in the storm and pillage of a town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sack"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sackfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a sack will
hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sack"ful</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bent on plunder.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sack"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&aelig;ccing</i>,
from <i>s&aelig;cc</i> sack, bag.] <def>Stout, coarse cloth of which
sacks, bags, etc., are made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sack"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sacle&aacute;s</i>; <i>sacu</i> contention + <i>le&aacute;s</i>
loose, free from.] <def>Quiet; peaceable; harmless; innocent.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sack"-winged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a peculiar pouch developed near the
front edge of the wing; -- said of certain bats of the genus
<i>Saccopteryx</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sacque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed after the analogy
of the French. See 2d <u>Sack</u>.] <def>Same as 2d <u>Sack</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"cral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the sacrum; in the region of the sacrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ra*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sacramentum</i> an oath, a sacred thing, a mystery, a sacrament,
fr. <i>sacrare</i> to declare as sacred, <i>sacer</i> sacred: cf. F.
<i>sacrement</i>. See <u>Sacred</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The oath
of allegiance taken by Roman soldiers; hence, a sacred ceremony used
to impress an obligation; a solemn oath-taking; an oath.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll take the <i>sacrament</i> on't.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The pledge or token of an oath or solemn
covenant; a sacred thing; a mystery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God sometimes sent a light of fire, and pillar of a
cloud . . . and the <i>sacrament</i> of a rainbow, to guide his people
through their portion of sorrows.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One of the solemn religious
ordinances enjoined by Christ, the head of the Christian church, to be
observed by his followers; hence, specifically, the eucharist; the
Lord's Supper.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Sacrament</u>, <u>Eucharist</u>. -- Protestants
apply the term <i>sacrament</i> to baptism and the Lord's Supper,
especially the latter. The R. Cath. and Greek churches have five other
sacraments, viz., confirmation, penance, holy orders, matrimony, and
extreme unction. As <i>sacrament</i> denotes an oath or vow, the word
has been applied by way of emphasis to the Lord's Supper, where the
most sacred vows are renewed by the Christian in commemorating the
death of his Redeemer. <i>Eucharist</i> denotes the <i>giving of
thanks</i>; and this term also has been applied to the same ordinance,
as expressing the grateful remembrance of Christ's sufferings and
death. "Some receive the <i>sacrament</i> as a means to procure great
graces and blessings; others as an <i>eucharist</i> and an office of
thanksgiving for what they have received." <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ra*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bind by
an oath.</def> [Obs.] <i>Laud.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sacramentalis</i>: cf. F. <i>sacramental</i>, <i>sacramentel</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a sacrament or the
sacraments; of the nature of a sacrament; sacredly or solemnly
binding; as, <i>sacramental</i> rites or elements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bound by a sacrament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sacramental</i> host of God's
elect.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
relates to a sacrament.</def> <i>Bp. Morton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine and use of sacraments; attachment of excessive importance to
sacraments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"tal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
holds the doctrine of the real objective presence of Christ's body and
blood in the holy eucharist.</def> <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sacramental manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>sacramentarius</i>: cf. F. <i>sacramentaire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A name given in the sixteenth
century to those German reformers who rejected both the Roman and the
Lutheran doctrine of the holy eucharist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who holds extreme opinions regarding
the efficacy of sacraments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining a sacrament, or to the
sacramentals; sacramental.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Sacramentarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a sacrament or the
sacraments; sacramental.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Sacramentarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ra*men"ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>sacramentarium</i>: cf. F.
<i>sacramentaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ancient book of the
Roman Catholic Church, written by Pope Gelasius, and revised,
corrected, and abridged by St. Gregory, in which were contained the
rites for Mass, the sacraments, the dedication of churches, and other
ceremonies. There are several ancient books of the same kind in France
and Germany.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Sacramentarian</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Papists, Anabaptists, and
<i>Sacramentaries</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ra*ment*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
administer the sacraments.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Both to preach and <i>sacramentize</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*cra"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ria</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. <i>sacer</i> sacred.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of family chapel in the houses of the
Romans, devoted to a special divinity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The adytum of a temple.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a Christian church, the
sanctuary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>sacratus</i>,
p. p. of <i>sacrare</i>. See <u>Sacred</u>.] <def>To consecrate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*cra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Consecration.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"cre</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>sacrer</i>. See
<u>Sacred</u>.] <def>To consecrate; to make sacred.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"cred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Originally p. p. of OE.
<i>sacren</i> to consecrate, F. <i>sacrer</i>, fr. L. <i>sacrare</i>,
fr. <i>sacer</i> sacred, holy, cursed. Cf. <u>Consecrate</u>,
<u>Execrate</u>, <u>Saint</u>, <u>Sexton</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Set apart by solemn religious ceremony; especially, in a good
sense, made holy; set apart to religious use; consecrated; not profane
or common; as, a <i>sacred</i> place; a <i>sacred</i> day;
<i>sacred</i> service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to religion, or to the services of
religion; not secular; religious; as, <i>sacred</i> history.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Smit with the love of <i>sacred</i> song.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Designated or exalted by a divine sanction;
possessing the highest title to obedience, honor, reverence, or
veneration; entitled to extreme reverence; venerable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such neighbor nearness to our <i>sacred</i> [royal]
blood<BR>
Should nothing privilege him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Poet and saint to thee alone were given,<BR>
The two most <i>sacred</i> names of earth and heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, not to be profaned or violated;
inviolable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Secrets of marriage still are <i>sacred</i>
held.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Consecrated; dedicated; devoted; -- with
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A temple, <i>sacred</i> to the queen of
love.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Solemnly devoted, in a bad sense, as to
evil, vengeance, curse, or the like; accursed; baleful.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>But, to destruction <i>sacred</i> and
devote.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1266 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><col><b>Society of the Sacred Heart</b></col> <i>(R.C. Ch.)</i>,
<cd>a religious order of women, founded in France in 1800, and
approved in 1826. It was introduced into America in 1817. The members
of the order devote themselves to the higher branches of female
education.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacred baboon</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Hamadryas</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacred
bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a seed of the Oriental lotus
(<i>Nelumbo speciosa</i> or <i>Nelumbium speciosum</i>), a plant
resembling a water lily; also, the plant itself. See
<u>Lotus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacred beetle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Scarab</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacred
canon</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Canon</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -
- <col><b>Sacred fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of fresh-water African fishes of the family
<i>Mormyrid&aelig;</i>. Several large species inhabit the Nile and
were considered sacred by the ancient Egyptians; especially
<i>Mormyrus oxyrhynchus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacred ibis</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Ibis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacred monkey</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any Asiatic monkey of the
genus <i>Semnopithecus</i>, regarded as sacred by the Hindoos;
especially, the entellus. See <u>Entellus</u>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The sacred baboon.</cd> See <u>Hamadryas</u>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The bhunder, or rhesus monkey.</cd> --
<col><b>Sacred place</b></col> <i>(Civil Law)</i>, <cd>the place where
a deceased person is buried.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Holy; divine; hallowed; consecrated; dedicated;
devoted; religious; venerable; reverend.</p>

<p> -- <wf>Sa"cred*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sa"cred*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sacrif"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sa*crif"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sacrificus</i>, <i>sacrificalis</i>. See
<u>Sacrifice</u>.] <def>Employed in sacrifice.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*crif"ic*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being offered in sacrifice.</def> [R.] <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*crif"ic*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sacrificans</i>, p. pr. See <u>Sacrifice</u>.] <def>One who offers
a sacrifice.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*fi*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
sacrificer; one who offers a sacrifice.</def> [R.] <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*crif"ic*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sacrificatoire</i>.] <def>Offering sacrifice.</def> [R.]
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*fice</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sacrifise</i>, <i>sacrifice</i>, F. <i>sacrifice</i>, fr. L.
<i>sacrificium</i>; <i>sacer</i> sacred + <i>facere</i> to make. See
<u>Sacred</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The offering
of anything to God, or to a god; consecratory rite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great pomp, and <i>sacrifice</i>, and praises loud,<BR>
To Dagon.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything consecrated and offered to God, or
to a divinity; an immolated victim, or an offering of any kind, laid
upon an altar, or otherwise presented in the way of religious
thanksgiving, atonement, or conciliation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moloch, horrid king, besmeared with blood<BR>
Of human <i>sacrifice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My life, if thou preserv'st my life,<BR>
Thy <i>sacrifice</i> shall be.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Destruction or surrender of anything for
the sake of something else; devotion of some desirable object in
behalf of a higher object, or to a claim deemed more pressing; hence,
also, the thing so devoted or given up; as, the <i>sacrifice</i> of
interest to pleasure, or of pleasure to interest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sale at a price less than the cost or the
actual value.</def> [Tradesmen's Cant]</p>

<p><col><b>Burnt sacrifice</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Burnt offering</i>,
under <u>Burnt</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sacrifice hit</b></col>
<i>(Baseball)</i>, <cd>in batting, a hit of such a kind that the
batter loses his chance of tallying, but enables one or more who are
on bases to get home or gain a base.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*fice</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sacrificed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sacrificing</u> (&?;).] [From
<u>Sacrifice</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf. F. <i>sacrifier</i>, L.
<i>sacrificare</i>; <i>sacer</i> sacred, holy + <i>-ficare</i> (only
in comp.) to make. See <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make an
offering of; to consecrate or present to a divinity by way of
expiation or propitiation, or as a token acknowledgment or
thanksgiving; to immolate on the altar of God, in order to atone for
sin, to procure favor, or to express thankfulness; as, to
<i>sacrifice</i> an ox or a sheep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oft <i>sacrificing</i> bullock, lamb, or
kid.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to destroy, surrender, or suffer to
be lost, for the sake of obtaining something; to give up in favor of a
higher or more imperative object or duty; to devote, with loss or
suffering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Condemned to <i>sacrifice</i> his childish years<BR>
To babbling ignorance, and to empty fears.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Baronet had <i>sacrificed</i> a large sum . . . for
the sake of . . . making this boy his heir.</blockquote> <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To destroy; to kill.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To sell at a price less than the cost or
the actual value.</def> [Tradesmen's Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*fice</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
offerings to God, or to a deity, of things consumed on the altar; to
offer sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O teacher, some great mischief hath befallen<BR>
To that meek man, who well had <i>sacrificed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*fi`cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sacrifices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ri*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to sacrifice or sacrifices; consisting in sacrifice;
performing sacrifice.</def> "<i>Sacrificial</i> rites." <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*lege</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sacril&egrave;ge</i>, L. <i>sacrilegium</i>, from <i>sacrilegus</i>
that steals, properly, gathers or picks up, sacred things;
<i>sacer</i> sacred + <i>legere</i> to gather, pick up. See
<u>Sacred</u>, and <u>Legend</u>.] <def>The sin or crime of violating
or profaning sacred things; the alienating to laymen, or to common
purposes, what has been appropriated or consecrated to religious
persons or uses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the hid treasures in her sacred tomb<BR>
With <i>sacrilege</i> to dig.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Families raised upon the ruins of churches, and
enriched with the spoils of <i>sacrilege</i>.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sac`ri*le"gious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>sacrilege</i>: cf. L. <i>sacrilegus</i>.] <def>Violating sacred
things; polluted with sacrilege; involving sacrilege; profane;
impious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Above the reach of <i>sacrilegious</i>
hands.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sac`ri*le"gious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sac`ri*le"gious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ri*le`gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One guilty
of sacrilege.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ring</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sacre</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sacring bell</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Sanctus bell</i>, under
<u>Sanctus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa"crist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>sacrista</i>.
See <u>Sacristan</u>.] <def>A sacristan; also, a person retained in a
cathedral to copy out music for the choir, and take care of the
books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ris*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sacristain</i>, LL. <i>sacrista</i>, fr. L. <i>sacer</i>. See
<u>Sacred</u>, and cf. <u>Sexton</u>.] <def>An officer of the church
who has the care of the utensils or movables, and of the church in
general; a sexton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ris*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sacristies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>sacristie</i>, LL.
<i>sacristia</i>, fr. L. <i>sacer</i>. See <u>Sacred</u>.] <def>An
apartment in a church where the sacred utensils, vestments, etc., are
kept; a vestry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"cro-</hw> (&?;). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A combining form
denoting <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the
sacrum</i>, as in <i>sacro</i>-coccygeal, <i>sacro</i>-iliac,
<i>sacro</i>sciatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sac"ro*sanct</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sucrosanctus</i>.] <def>Sacred; inviolable.</def> [R.] <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa`cro*sci*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to both the sacrum and the hip; as, the
<i>sacrosciatic</i> foramina formed by the <i>sacrosciatic</i>
ligaments which connect the sacrum and the hip bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa`cro*ver"te*bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the sacrum and that part of
the vertebral column immediately anterior to it; as, the
<i>sacrovertebral</i> angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"crum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>sacra</b></plw> (&?;). [NL., fr. L. <i>sacer</i> sacred, <i>os
sacrum</i> the lowest bone of the spine.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>That
part of the vertebral column which is directly connected with, or
forms a part of, the pelvis.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It may consist of a single vertebra or of several more or
less consolidated. In man it forms the dorsal, or posterior, wall of
the pelvis, and consists of five united vertebr&aelig;, which diminish
in size very rapidly to the posterior extremity, which bears the
coccyx.</p>

<p><hw>Sacs</hw> (s&add;ks), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Sac</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians, which, together with the Foxes, formerly occupied the region
about Green Bay, Wisconsin.</def> [Written also <i>Sauks</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sad</hw> (s&abreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sadder</u> (?);
<pos><i>supperl.</i></pos> <u>Saddest</u>.] [OE. <i>sad</i> sated,
tired, satisfied, firm, steadfast, AS. <i>s&aelig;d</i> satisfied,
sated; akin to D. <i>zat</i>, OS. <i>sad</i>, G. <i>satt</i>, OHG.
<i>sat</i>, Icel. <i>sa&eth;r</i>, <i>saddr</i>, Goth.
<i>sa&thorn;s</i>, Lith. <i>sotus</i>, L. <i>sat</i>, <i>satis</i>,
enough, <i>satur</i> sated, Gr. <grk>'a`menai</grk> to satiate,
<grk>'a`dnh</grk> enough. Cf. <u>Assets</u>, <u>Sate</u>,
<u>Satiate</u>, <u>Satisfy</u>, <u>Satire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sated; satisfied; weary; tired.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet of that art they can not waxen <i>sad</i>,<BR>
For unto them it is a bitter sweet.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heavy; weighty; ponderous; close;
hard.</def> [Obs., except in a few phrases; as, <i>sad</i> bread.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His hand, more <i>sad</i> than lump of
lead.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Chalky lands are naturally cold and
<i>sad</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dull; grave; dark; somber; -- said of
colors.</def> "<i>Sad</i>-colored clothes." <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Woad, or wade, is used by the dyers to lay the
foundation of all <i>sad</i> colors.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Serious; grave; sober; steadfast; not light
or frivolous.</def> [Obs.] "Ripe and <i>sad</i> courage."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lady Catharine, a <i>sad</i> and religious
woman.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which treaty was wisely handled by <i>sad</i> and
discrete counsel of both parties.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Affected with grief or unhappiness; cast
down with affliction; downcast; gloomy; mournful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>First were we <i>sad</i>, fearing you would not
come;<BR>
Now <i>sadder</i>, that you come so unprovided.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The angelic guards ascended, mute and
<i>sad</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Afflictive; calamitous; causing sorrow; as,
a <i>sad</i> accident; a <i>sad</i> misfortune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Hence, bad; naughty; troublesome;
wicked.</def> [Colloq.] "<i>Sad</i> tipsy fellows, both of them."
<i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sad</i> is sometimes used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>sad</i>-colored, <i>sad</i>-eyed,
<i>sad</i>-hearted, <i>sad</i>-looking, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Sad bread</b></col>, <cd>heavy bread.</cd> [Scot. &amp; Local,
U.S.] <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sorrowful; mournful; gloomy; dejected; depressed;
cheerless; downcast; sedate; serious; grave; grievous; afflictive;
calamitous.</p>

<p><hw>Sad</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make sorrowful; to
sadden.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How it <i>sadded</i> the minister's
spirits!</blockquote> <i>H. Peters.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sad"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>sad-dar</i>
the hundred gates or ways; <i>sad</i> a hundred + <i>dar</i> door,
way.] <def>A work in the Persian tongue, being a summary of the Zend-
Avesta, or sacred books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Saddened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Saddening</u>.] <def>To make sad.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To render heavy or cohesive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Marl is binding, and <i>saddening</i> of land is the
great prejudice it doth to clay lands.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To make dull- or sad-colored, as
cloth.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To make grave or serious; to
make melancholy or sorrowful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her gloomy presence <i>saddens</i> all the
scene.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sad"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become, or be
made, sad.</def> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sad"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sadda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sadel</i>, AS.
<i>sadol</i>; akin to D. <i>zadel</i>, G. <i>sattel</i>, OHG.
<i>satal</i>, <i>satul</i>, Icel. <i>s&ouml;&eth;ull</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>sadel</i>; cf. Russ. <i>siedlo</i>; all perh. ultimately from the
root of E. <i>sit</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A seat for a rider, --
usually made of leather, padded to span comfortably a horse's back,
furnished with stirrups for the rider's feet to rest in, and fastened
in place with a girth; also, a seat for the rider on a bicycle or
tricycle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A padded part of a harness which is worn on
a horse's back, being fastened in place with a girth. It serves
various purposes, as to keep the breeching in place, carry guides for
the reins, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of meat containing a part of the
backbone of an animal with the ribs on each side; as, a <i>saddle</i>
of mutton, of venison, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A block of wood, usually
fastened to some spar, and shaped to receive the end of another
spar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A part, as a flange, which
is hollowed out to fit upon a convex surface and serve as a means of
attachment or support.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The clitellus of an
earthworm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The threshold of a door,
when a separate piece from the floor or landing; -- so called because
it spans and covers the joint between two floors.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saddle bar</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>one the small iron
bars to which the lead panels of a glazed window are secured.</cd>
<i>Oxf. Gloss.</i> -- <col><b>Saddle gall</b></col> <i>(Far.)</i>,
<cd>a sore or gall upon a horse's back, made by the saddle.</cd> --
<col><b>Saddle girth</b></col>, <cd>a band passing round the body of a
horse to hold the saddle in its place.</cd> -- <col><b>saddle
horse</b></col>, <cd>a horse suitable or trained for riding with a
saddle.</cd> -- <col><b>Saddle joint</b></col>, <cd>in sheet-metal
roofing, a joint formed by bending up the edge of a sheet and folding
it downward over the turned-up edge of the next sheet.</cd> --
<col><b>Saddle roof</b></col>, <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a roof having two
gables and one ridge; -- said of such a roof when used in places where
a different form is more common; as, a tower surmounted by a <i>saddle
roof</i>. Called also <i>saddleback roof</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saddle
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any thin plicated bivalve
shell of the genera <i>Placuna</i> and <i>Anomia</i>; -- so called
from its shape. Called also <i>saddle oyster</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Saddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Saddling</u> (?).] [AS. <i>sadelian</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To put a saddle upon; to equip (a beast) for riding.</def>
"<i>saddle</i> my horse." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Abraham rose up early, . . . and <i>saddled</i> his
ass.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To fix as a charge or burden upon;
to load; to encumber; as, to <i>saddle</i> a town with the expense of
bridges and highways.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle*back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Saddle-backed</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saddleback roof</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See <i>Saddle
roof</i>, under <u>Saddle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle*back`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything saddle-backed; esp., a hill or ridge having a concave
outline at the top.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
harp seal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The great blackbacked gull
(<i>Larus marinus</i>).</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The larva of a
bombycid moth (<i>Empretia stimulea</i>) which has a large, bright
green, saddle-shaped patch of color on the back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle-backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the outline of the upper part concave
like the seat of a saddle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a low back and high neck, as a
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle*bags</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Bags,
usually of leather, united by straps or a band, formerly much used by
horseback riders to carry small articles, one bag hanging on each
side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle*bow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sadelboga</i>.] <def>The bow or arch in the front part of a saddle,
or the pieces which form the front.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle*cloth`</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cloth
under a saddle, and extending out behind; a housing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having a broad patch of color across the back, like a saddle;
saddle-backed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
saddles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A harp seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dler*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The materials for making saddles and harnesses; the articles
usually offered for sale in a saddler's shop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The trade or employment of a
saddler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like
a saddle.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Bent down at the sides so as to give the upper part a rounded
form.</def> <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Bent on each side of a
mountain or ridge, without being broken at top; -- said of
strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle*tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The frame of
a saddle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>saddletree</i> scarce reached had he,<BR>
His journey to begin.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sad`du*ca"ic</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to, or like, the Sadducees; as, <i>Sadducaic</i>
reasonings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"du*cee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sadducaei</i>,
p., Gr. &?;, Heb. <i>Tsadd&umacr;k&imacr;m</i>; -- so called from
<i>Ts&amacr;d&omacr;k</i>, the founder of the sect.] <def>One of a
sect among the ancient Jews, who denied the resurrection, a future
state, and the existence of angels.</def> -- <wf>Sad`du*ce"an</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sad"du*cee`ism</hw> (?), <hw>Sad"du*cism</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tenets of the Sadducees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"du*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sadducized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sadducizing</u> (?).] <def>To adopt the principles of
the Sadducees.</def> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sadh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>s&amacr;dhu</i>
perfect, pure.] <def>A member of a monotheistic sect of Hindoos. Sadhs
resemble the Quakers in many respects.</def> <i>Balfour (Cyc. of
India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sad"i`ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably <i>sad</i>
heavy + <i>iron</i>.] <def>An iron for smoothing clothes; a
flatiron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearily; heavily; firmly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In go the spears full <i>sadly</i> in
arest.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Seriously; soberly; gravely.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To tell thee <i>sadly</i>, shepherd, without blame<BR>
Or our neglect, we lost her as we came.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Grievously; deeply; sorrowfully;
miserably.</def> "He <i>sadly</i> suffers in their grief."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sad"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Heaviness; firmness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Seriousness; gravity; discretion.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>sadness</i> and her benignity.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Quality of being sad, or unhappy;
gloominess; sorrowfulness; dejection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dim <i>sadness</i> did not spare<BR>
That time celestial visages.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sorrow; heaviness; dejection. See <u>Grief</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Sadr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the genus <i>Ziziphus</i> (<i>Z. lotus</i>); -- so called by
the Arabs of Barbary, who use its berries for food. See <u>Lotus</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Saeng"er*fest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>s&auml;ngerfest</i>.] <def>A festival of singers; a German singing
festival.</def></p>

<p><hw>Safe</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Safer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Safest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sauf</i>, F. <i>sauf</i>, fr. L. <i>salvus</i>, akin to
<i>salus</i> health, welfare, safety. Cf. <u>Salute</u>,
<u>Salvation</u>, <u>Sage</u> a plant, <u>Save</u>, <u>Salvo</u> an
exception.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from harm, injury, or risk;
untouched or unthreatened by danger or injury; unharmed; unhurt;
secure; whole; as, <i>safe</i> from disease; <i>safe</i> from storms;
<i>safe</i> from foes.</def> "And ye dwelled <i>safe</i>." <i>1 Sam.
xii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They escaped all <i>safe</i> to land.</blockquote>
<i>Acts xxvii. 44.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Established in a <i>safe</i>, unenvied
throne.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conferring safety; securing from harm; not
exposing to danger; confining securely; to be relied upon; not
dangerous; as, a <i>safe</i> harbor; a <i>safe</i> bridge, etc.</def>
"The man of <i>safe</i> discretion." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The King of heaven hath doomed<BR>
This place our dungeon, not our <i>safe</i> retreat.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1267 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of doing harm; no longer
dangerous; in secure care or custody; as, the prisoner is
<i>safe</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But Banquo's <i>safe</i>?<BR>
Ay, my good lord, <i>safe</i> in a ditch he bides.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Safe hit</b></col> <i>(Baseball)</i>, <cd>a hit which
enables the batter to get to first base even if no error is made by
the other side.</cd> </p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Secure; unendangered; sure.</p>

<p><hw>Safe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place for keeping
things in safety.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
strong and fireproof receptacle (as a movable chest of steel, etc., or
a closet or vault of brickwork) for containing money, valuable papers,
or the like.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A ventilated or
refrigerated chest or closet for securing provisions from noxious
animals or insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Safe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render safe; to make
right.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Safe"-con"duct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Safe</i> +
<i>conduct</i>: cf. F. <i>sauf-conduit</i>.] <def>That which gives a
safe passage</def>; either <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>a convoy or guard
to protect a person in an enemy's country or a foreign country</def>,
or <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>a writing, pass, or warrant of security,
given to a person to enable him to travel with safety.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Safe`-con*duct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
conduct safely; to give safe-conduct to.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He him by all the bonds of love besought<BR>
To <i>safe-conduct</i> his love.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Safe"guard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Safe =
<i>guard</i>: cf. F. <i>sauvegarde</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, defends or protects; defense; protection.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy sword, the <i>safeguard</i> of thy brother's
throne.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A convoy or guard to protect a traveler or
property.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pass; a passport; a safe-conduct.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Safe"guard`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To guard; to
protect.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Safe"-keep"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Safe</i> +
<i>keep</i>.] <def>The act of keeping or preserving in safety from
injury or from escape; care; custody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Safe"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a safe manner;
danger, injury, loss, or evil consequences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Safe"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being safe; freedom from hazard, danger, harm, or loss; safety;
security; as the <i>safeness</i> of an experiment, of a journey, or of
a possession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Safe"-pledge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A surety for the appearance of a person at a given time.</def>
<i>Bracton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Safe"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sauvet&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or state
of being safe; freedom from danger or hazard; exemption from hurt,
injury, or loss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Up led by thee,<BR>
Into the heaven I have presumed,<BR>
An earthly guest . . . With like <i>safety</i> guided down,<BR>
Return me to my native element.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from whatever exposes one to danger
or from liability to cause danger or harm; safeness; hence, the
quality of making safe or secure, or of giving confidence, justifying
trust, insuring against harm or loss, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Would there were any <i>safety</i> in thy sex,<BR>
That I might put a thousand sorrows off,<BR>
And credit thy repentance!</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Preservation from escape; close
custody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Imprison him, . . . <BR>
Deliver him to <i>safety</i>; and return.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Football)</i> <def>Same as <i>Safety
touchdown</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Safety arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a discharging
arch.</cd> See under <u>Discharge</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> --
<col><b>Safety belt</b></col>, <cd>a belt made of some buoyant
material, or which is capable of being inflated, so as to enable a
person to float in water; a life preserver.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety
buoy</b></col>, <cd>a buoy to enable a person to float in water; a
safety belt.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety cage</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>a cage for an elevator or mine lift, having appliances to prevent
it from dropping if the lifting rope should break.</cd> --
<col><b>Safety lamp</b></col>. <i>(Mining)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Lamp</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety match</b></col>, <cd>a match which
can be ignited only on a surface specially prepared for the
purpose.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety pin</b></col>, <cd>a pin made in the
form of a clasp, with a guard covering its point so that it will not
prick the wearer.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety plug</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Fusible plug</i>, under <u>Fusible</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety
switch</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Switch</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Safety
touchdown</b></col> <i>(Football)</i>, <cd>the act or result of a
player's touching to the ground behind his own goal line a ball which
received its last impulse from a man on his own side; -- distinguished
from <i>touchback</i>. See <u>Touchdown</u>.</cd>  -- <col><b>Safety
tube</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a tube to prevent explosion, or to
control delivery of gases by an automatic valvular connection with the
outer air; especially, a bent funnel tube with bulbs for adding those
reagents which produce unpleasant fumes or violent effervescence.</cd>
-- <col><b>Safety valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve which is held shut by a
spring or weight and opens automatically to permit the escape of
steam, or confined gas, water, etc., from a boiler, or other vessel,
when the pressure becomes too great for safety; also, sometimes, a
similar valve opening inward to admit air to a vessel in which the
pressure is less than that of the atmosphere, to prevent
collapse.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Saf"flow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
safflower.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Saf"flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>safleur</i>,
<i>saflor</i>, for <i>safran</i>, influenced by <i>fleur</i> flower.
See <u>Saffron</u>, and <u>Flower</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An annual composite plant (<i>Carthamus
tinctorius</i>), the flowers of which are used as a dyestuff and in
making rouge; bastard, or false, saffron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dried flowers of the <i>Carthamus
tinctorius</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dyestuff from these flowers. See
<u>Safranin</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oil of safflower</b></col>, <cd>a purgative oil expressed
from the seeds of the safflower.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Saf"fron</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>saffran</i>, F. <i>safran</i>; cf. It. <i>zafferano</i>, Sp.
<i>azafran</i>, Pg. <i>a&ccedil;afr&atilde;o</i>; all fr. Ar. &amp; Per.
<i>za' far&amacr;n</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
bulbous iridaceous plant (<i>Crocus sativus</i>) having blue flowers
with large yellow stigmas. See <u>Crocus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The aromatic, pungent, dried stigmas,
usually with part of the stile, of the <i>Crocus sativus</i>. Saffron
is used in cookery, and in coloring confectionery, liquors, varnishes,
etc., and was formerly much used in medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An orange or deep yellow color, like that
of the stigmas of the <i>Crocus sativus</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bastard saffron</b></col>, <col><b>Dyer's
saffron</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Safflower</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Meadow saffron</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a bulbous plant
(<i>Colchichum autumnale</i>) of Europe, resembling saffron.</cd> --
<col><b>Saffron wood</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the yellowish wood
of a South African tree (<i>El&aelig;odendron croceum</i>); also, the
tree itself.</cd> -- <col><b>Saffron yellow</b></col>, <cd>a shade of
yellow like that obtained from the stigmas of the true saffron
(<i>Crocus sativus</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Saf"fron</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
color of the stigmas of saffron flowers; deep orange-yellow; as, a
<i>saffron</i> face; a <i>saffron</i> streamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saf"fron</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give color and
flavor to, as by means of saffron; to spice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And in Latyn I speak a wordes few,<BR>
To <i>saffron</i> with my predication.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saf"fron*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a color
somewhat like saffron; yellowish.</def> <i>Lord (1630).</i></p>

<p><hw>Saf"ra*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An orange-red dyestuff extracted from the
saffron.</def> [R.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A red dyestuff extracted
from the safflower, and formerly used in dyeing wool, silk, and cotton
pink and scarlet; -- called also <i>Spanish red</i>, <i>China
lake</i>, and <i>carthamin</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An
orange-red dyestuff prepared from certain nitro compounds of creosol,
and used as a substitute for the safflower dye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saf"ra*nine</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called
because used as a substitute for safranin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
orange-red nitrogenous dyestuff produced artificially by oxidizing
certain aniline derivatives, and used in dyeing silk and wool; also,
any one of the series of which safranine proper is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag</hw> (s&abreve;g), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sagging</u> (?).] [Akin to Sw. <i>sacka</i> to settle, sink down,
LG. <i>sacken</i>, D. <i>zakken</i>. Cf. <u>Sink</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sink, in the middle, by its
weight or under applied pressure, below a horizontal line or plane;
as, a line or cable supported by its ends <i>sags</i>, though tightly
drawn; the floor of a room <i>sags</i>; hence, to lean, give way, or
settle from a vertical position; as, a building may <i>sag</i> one way
or another; a door <i>sags</i> on its hinges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To lose firmness or elasticity; to
sink; to droop; to flag; to bend; to yield, as the mind or spirits,
under the pressure of care, trouble, doubt, or the like; to be
unsettled or unbalanced.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The mind I sway by, and the heart I bear,<BR>
Shall never <i>sag</i> with doubt nor shake with fear.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To loiter in walking; to idle along; to
drag or droop heavily.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sag to leeward</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to make
much leeway by reason of the wind, sea, or current; to drift to
leeward; -- said of a vessel.</cd> <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to bend or give
way; to load.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of sinking or
bending; sagging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ga</hw> (s&amacr;"g&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sagas</b></plw> (-g&adot;z). [Icel., akin to E. <i>saw</i> a
saying. See <u>Say</u>, and cf. <u>Saw</u>.] <def>A Scandinavian
legend, or heroic or mythic tradition, among the Norsemen and kindred
people; a northern European popular historical or religious tale of
olden time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And then the blue-eyed Norseman told<BR>
A <i>saga</i> of the days of old.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*ga"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sagax</i>,
<i>sagacis</i>, akin to <i>sagire</i> to perceive quickly or keenly,
and probably to E. <i>seek</i>. See <u>Seek</u>, and cf.
<u>Presage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of quick sense perceptions;
keen-scented; skilled in following a trail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sagacious</i> of his quarry from so
far.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, of quick intellectual perceptions;
of keen penetration and judgment; discerning and judicious; knowing;
far-sighted; shrewd; sage; wise; as, a <i>sagacious</i> man; a
<i>sagacious</i> remark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Instinct . . . makes them, many times, <i>sagacious</i>
above our apprehension.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Only <i>sagacious</i> heads light on these
observations, and reduce them into general propositions.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Shrewd</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sa*ga"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sa*ga"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sa*gac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sagacitas</i>. See <u>Sagacious</u>.] <def>The quality of being
sagacious; quickness or acuteness of sense perceptions; keenness of
discernment or penetration with soundness of judgment;
shrewdness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some [brutes] show that nice <i>sagacity</i> of
smell.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Natural <i>sagacity</i> improved by generous
education.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Penetration; shrewdness; judiciousness. --
<u>Sagacity</u>, <u>Penetration</u>. <i>Penetration</i> enables us to
enter into the depths of an abstruse subject, to detect motives,
plans, etc. <i>Sagacity</i> adds to penetration a keen, practical
judgment, which enables one to guard against the designs of others,
and to turn everything to the best possible advantage.</p>

<p><hw>Sag"a*more</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Cf. <u>Sachem</u>.] <def>The head of a tribe among the American
Indians; a chief; -- generally used as synonymous with <i>sachem</i>,
but some writters distinguished between them, making the <i>sachem</i>
a chief of the first rank, and a <i>sagamore</i> one of the second
rank.</def> "Be it <i>sagamore</i>, sachem, or powwow."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A juice used in medicine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag"a*pen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sagapenum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sag`a*pe"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sagapenon</i>, <i>sacopenium</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>sagapin</i>,
gomme <i>sagapin</i>, sagap&eacute;num, Ar. <i>sikb&imacr;naj</i>,
Per. <i>sakb&imacr;nah</i>, <i>sikb&imacr;nah</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A fetid gum resin obtained from a species of <i>Ferula</i>. It
has been used in hysteria, etc., but is now seldom met with.</def>
<i>U. S. Disp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sagatis</i>:
cf. Sp. <i>sagat&iacute;</i>, <i>saet&iacute;</i>.] <def>A mixed woven
fabric of silk and cotton, or silk and wool; sayette; also, a light
woolen fabric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sauge</i>, F.
<i>sauge</i>, L. <i>salvia</i>, from <i>salvus</i> saved, in allusion
to its reputed healing virtues. See <u>Safe</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A suffruticose labiate plant (<i>Salvia
officinalis</i>) with grayish green foliage, much used in flavoring
meats, etc. The name is often extended to the whole genus, of which
many species are cultivated for ornament, as the scarlet sage, and
Mexican red and blue sage.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
sagebrush.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Meadow sage</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a blue-flowered
species of Salvia (<i>S. pratensis</i>) growing in meadows in
Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage cheese</b></col>, <cd>cheese flavored
with sage, and colored green by the juice of leaves of spinach and
other plants which are added to the milk.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage
cock</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the male of the sage grouse;
in a more general sense, the specific name of the sage grouse.</cd> --
<col><b>Sage green</b></col>, <cd>of a dull grayish green color, like
the leaves of garden sage.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage grouse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very large American grouse (<i>Centrocercus
urophasianus</i>), native of the dry sagebrush plains of Western North
America. Called also <i>cock of the plains</i>. The male is called
<i>sage cock</i>, and the female <i>sage hen</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage
hare</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Sage rabbit</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species of hare (<i>Lepus Nuttalli, or
artemisia</i>) which inhabits the arid regions of Western North
America and lives among sagebrush. By recent writers it is considered
to be merely a variety of the common cottontail, or wood rabbit.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sage hen</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the female of
the sage grouse.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage sparrow</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small sparrow (<i>Amphispiza Belli</i>,
var. <i>Nevadensis</i>) which inhabits the dry plains of the Rocky
Mountain region, living among sagebrush.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage
thrasher</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a singing bird
(<i>Oroscoptes montanus</i>) which inhabits the sagebrush plains of
Western North America.</cd> -- <col><b>Sage willow</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of willow (<i>Salix tristis</i>) forming
a low bush with nearly sessile grayish green leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sage</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sager</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sagest</u>.] [F., fr.
L. <i>sapius</i> (only in <i>nesapius</i> unwise, foolish), fr.
<i>sapere</i> to be wise; perhaps akin to E. <i>sap</i>. Cf.
<u>Savor</u>, <u>Sapient</u>, <u>Insipid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having nice discernment and powers of judging; prudent; grave;
sagacious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All you <i>sage</i> counselors, hence!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from wisdom; well judged;
shrewd; well adapted to the purpose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Commanders, who, cloaking their fear under show of
<i>sage</i> advice, counseled the general to retreat.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Grave; serious; solemn.</def> [R.] "[Great
bards] in <i>sage</i> and solemn tunes have sung." <i>Milton.</i> </p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wise; sagacious; sapient; grave; prudent;
judicious.</p>

<p><hw>Sage</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wise man; a man of
gravity and wisdom; especially, a man venerable for years, and of
sound judgment and prudence; a grave philosopher.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At his birth a star,<BR>
Unseen before in heaven, proclaims him come,<BR>
And guides the Eastern <i>sages</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sage"brush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low irregular
shrub (<i>Artemisia tridentata</i>), of the order
<i>Composit&aelig;</i>, covering vast tracts of the dry alkaline
regions of the American plains; -- called also <i>sagebush</i>, and
<i>wild sage</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sage"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sage manner;
wisely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*gene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>sajene</i>.]
<def>A Russian measure of length equal to about seven English
feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sage"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sage; wisdom; sagacity; prudence; gravity.</def>
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag"e*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sag&eacute;nite</i>, fr. L. <i>sagena</i> a large net. See
<u>Seine</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Acicular rutile occurring in
reticulated forms imbedded in quartz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag`e*nit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Resembling sagenite; -- applied to quartz when containing
acicular crystals of other minerals, most commonly rutile, also
tourmaline, actinolite, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Seggar</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pot or case of fire clay, in which fine
stoneware is inclosed while baking in the kiln; a seggar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The clay of which such pots or cases are
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bending or
sinking between the ends of a thing, in consequence of its own, or an
imposed, weight; an arching downward in the middle, as of a ship after
straining. Cf. <u>Hogging</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saginatus</i>, p. p. of <i>saginare</i> to fat, fr. <i>sagina</i>
stuffing.] <def>To make fat; to pamper.</def> [R.] "Many a
<i>saginated</i> boar." <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saginatio</i>.] <def>The act of fattening or pampering.</def> [R.]
<i>Topsell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*git"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an arrow.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A small constellation north
of Aquila; the Arrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The keystone of an
arch.</def> [R.] <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The distance from a point in
a curve to the chord; also, the versed sine of an arc; -- so called
from its resemblance to an arrow resting on the bow and string.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The larger of the two
otoliths, or ear bones, found in most fishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of transparent,
free-swimming marine worms having lateral and caudal fins, and capable
of swimming rapidly. It is the type of the class
Ch&aelig;tognatha.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1268 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sag"it*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sagitta</i> an
arrow: cf. F. <i>sagittal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to an arrow; resembling an arrow; furnished with an
arrowlike appendage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to the sagittal suture; in the region of the sagittal
suture; rabdoidal; as, the <i>sagittal</i> furrow, or groove, on the
inner surface of the roof of the skull.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>In the mesial plane; mesial; as, a <i>sagittal</i> section of an
animal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sagittal suture</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the suture
between the two parietal bones in the top of the skull; -- called also
<i>rabdoidal suture</i>, and <i>interparietal suture</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sag`it*ta"ri*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
literally, an archer, fr. <i>sagittarius</i> belonging to an arrow,
fr. <i>sagitta</i> an arrow.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The ninth of the twelve signs of the zodiac, which the sun enters
about November 22, marked thus [&sagittarius;] in almanacs; the
Archer.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A zodiacal constellation,
represented on maps and globes as a centaur shooting an
arrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag"it*ta"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sagittarius</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A centaur;
a fabulous being, half man, half horse, armed with a bow and
quiver.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Arsenal in Venice; -- so called from
having a figure of an archer over the door.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag"it*ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sagittarius</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, an
arrow.</def> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sag"it*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>sagittatus</i>, fr. L. <i>sagitta</i> an arrow.] <def>Shaped like
an arrowhead; triangular, with the two basal angles prolonged
downward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag"it*ta`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sagittal;
sagittate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sag"it*to*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sagitta</u>, and <u>Cyst</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A defensive
cell containing a minute rodlike structure which may be expelled. Such
cells are found in certain Turbellaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"go</hw> (s&amacr;"g&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay.
<i>s&amacr;gu</i>.] <def>A dry granulated starch imported from the
East Indies, much used for making puddings and as an article of diet
for the sick; also, as starch, for stiffening textile fabrics. It is
prepared from the stems of several East Indian and Malayan palm trees,
but chiefly from the <i>Metroxylon Sagu</i>; also from several
cycadaceous plants (<i>Cycas revoluta</i>, <i>Zamia integrifolia</i>,
etc.).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Portland sago</b></col>, <cd>a kind of sago prepared from
the corms of the cuckoopint (<i>Arum maculatum</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Sago palm</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
palm tree which yields sago</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A species of
Cycas (<i>Cycas revoluta</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Sago spleen</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a morbid condition of the spleen, produced by
amyloid degeneration of the organ, in which a cross section shows
scattered gray translucent bodies looking like grains of
sago.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa*goin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sagouin</i>(formed from the native South American name).]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marmoset; -- called also
<i>sagouin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"gum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Saga</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sagum</i>, <i>sagus</i>; cf. Gr.
&?;. Cf. <u>Say</u> a kind of serge.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>The
military cloak of the Roman soldiers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Sago</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of palms from which sago is
obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of sage;
seasoned with sage.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"hib</hw> (?), <hw>||Sa"heb</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>&ccedil;&amacr;hib</i> master, lord, fem.
<i>&ccedil;&amacr;hibah</i>.] <def>A respectful title or appellation
given to Europeans of rank.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>||Sa"hi*bah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sahib</u>.]
<def>A lady; mistress.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*hid"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Thebaic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sah"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Salite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*hui"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A marmoset.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Pg. <i>sahi</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Capuchin</u>, 3
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sai"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dial. G.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European mountain trout (<i>Salvelinus
alpinus</i>); -- called also <i>Bavarian charr</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sa&iuml;que</i>,
Turk. <i>sha&iuml;ka</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A kind of ketch very
common in the Levant, which has neither topgallant sail nor mizzen
topsail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Said</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Say</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Said</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Before-mentioned; already
spoken of or specified; aforesaid; -- used chiefly in legal
style.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sai"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>saika</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An antelope (<i>Saiga Tartarica</i>) native
of the plains of Siberia and Eastern Russia. The male has erect
annulated horns, and tufts of long hair beneath the eyes and
ears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sai"kyr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Saker</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>seil</i>, AS.
<i>segel</i>, <i>segl</i>; akin to D. <i>zeil</i>, OHG. <i>segal</i>,
G. &amp; Sw. <i>segel</i>, Icel. <i>segl</i>, Dan. <i>seil</i>. &radic;
153.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An extent of canvas or other fabric by
means of which the wind is made serviceable as a power for propelling
vessels through the water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behoves him now both <i>sail</i> and oar.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a sail, or regarded as
a sail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wing; a van.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like an eagle soaring<BR>
To weather his broad <i>sails</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The extended surface of the arm of a
windmill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A sailing vessel; a vessel of any kind; a
craft.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, the plural has usually the same form as the
singular; as, twenty <i>sail</i> were in sight.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A passage by a sailing vessel; a journey or
excursion upon the water.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Sails are of two general kinds, <i>fore-and-aft sails</i>,
and <i>square sails</i>. Square sails are always bent to yards, with
their foot lying across the line of the vessel. Fore-and-aft sails are
set upon stays or gaffs with their foot in line with the keel. A fore-
and-aft sail is triangular, or quadrilateral with the after leech
longer than the fore leech. Square sails are quadrilateral, but not
necessarily square. See Phrases under <u>Fore</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Square</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>; also,
<u>Bark</u>, <u>Brig</u>, <u>Schooner</u>, <u>Ship</u>,
<u>Stay</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Sail burton</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a purchase for
hoisting sails aloft for bending.</cd> -- <col><b>Sail fluke</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the whiff.</cd> -- <col><b>Sail
hook</b></col>, <cd>a small hook used in making sails, to hold the
seams square.</cd> -- <col><b>Sail loft</b></col>, <cd>a loft or room
where sails are cut out and made.</cd> -- <col><b>Sail room</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a room in a vessel where sails are stowed when not
in use.</cd> -- <col><b>Sail yard</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the
yard or spar on which a sail is extended.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoulder-of-
mutton sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a triangular sail of
peculiar form. It is chiefly used to set on a boat's mast.</cd> --
<col><b>To crowd sail</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Crowd</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To loose sails</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to unfurl or spread sails.</cd> -- <col><b>To make sail</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to extend an additional quantity of sail.</cd> --
<col><b>To set a sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to extend or
spread a sail to the wind.</cd> -- <col><b>To set sail</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to unfurl or spread the sails; hence, to begin a
voyage.</cd> -- <col><b>To shorten sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to reduce the extent of sail, or take in a part.</cd> --
<col><b>To strike sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to lower the
sails suddenly, as in saluting, or in sudden gusts of wind; hence, to
acknowledge inferiority; to abate pretension.</cd> -- <col><b>Under
sail</b></col>, <cd>having the sails spread.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sail</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sailed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sailing</u>.] [AS. <i>segelian</i>, <i>seglian</i>. See
<u>Sail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be
impelled or driven forward by the action of wind upon sails, as a ship
on water; to be impelled on a body of water by the action of steam or
other power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move through or on the water; to swim,
as a fish or a water fowl.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be conveyed in a vessel on water; to
pass by water; as, they <i>sailed</i> from London to Canton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To set sail; to begin a voyage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To move smoothly through the air; to glide
through the air without apparent exertion, as a bird.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As is a winged messenger of heaven, . . .<BR>
When he bestrides the lazy pacing clouds,<BR>
And <i>sails</i> upon the bosom of the air.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass or move upon, as in a ship, by means of sails; hence, to move or
journey upon (the water) by means of steam or other force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand ships were manned to <i>sail</i> the
sea.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fly through; to glide or move smoothly
through.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sublime she <i>sails</i><BR>
The a&euml;rial space, and mounts the wing&egrave;d
gales.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To direct or manage the motion of, as a
vessel; as, to <i>sail</i> one's own ship.</def> <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sail"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
sailed over; navigable; as, a <i>sailable</i> river.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sail"boat`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boat propelled by
a sail or sails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sail"cloth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Duck or canvas
used in making sails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sail"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sailor.</def> [R.] <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ship or other vessel; -- with qualifying
words descriptive of speed or manner of sailing; as, a heavy
<i>sailer</i>; a fast <i>sailer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sail"fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The banner fish, or spikefish
(<i>Histiophorus</i>.)</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The basking, or
liver, shark.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The quillback.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sail"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, sails; the motion of a vessel
on water, impelled by wind or steam; the act of starting on a
voyage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The art of managing a
vessel; seamanship; navigation; as, globular <i>sailing</i>; oblique
<i>sailing</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; For the several methods of sailing, see under
<u>Circular</u>, <u>Globular</u>, <u>Oblique</u>, <u>Parallel</u>,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Sailing master</b></col> <i>(U. S. Navy)</i>, <cd>formerly,
a warrant officer, ranking next below a lieutenant, whose duties were
to navigate the vessel; and under the direction of the executive
officer, to attend to the stowage of the hold, to the cables, rigging,
etc. The grade was merged in that of <i>master</i> in 1862.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sail"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
sails.</def> <i>Pollok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sail"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to make or repair sails.</def> -- <wf>Sail"mak`ing</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sail"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who follows the
business of navigating ships or other vessels; one who understands the
practical management of ships; one of the crew of a vessel; a mariner;
a common seaman.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mariner; seaman; seafarer.</p>

<p><col><b>Sailor's choice</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An excellent marine food fish (<i>Diplodus, or
Lagodon, rhomboides</i>) of the Southern United States; -- called also
<i>porgy</i>, <i>squirrel fish</i>, <i>yellowtail</i>, and <i>salt-
water bream</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A species of grunt
(<i>Orthopristis, or Pomadasys, chrysopterus</i>), an excellent food
fish common on the southern coasts of the United States; -- called
also <i>hogfish</i>, and <i>pigfish</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sail"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a sail.</def>
[R.] <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sain</i>, LL.
<i>saginum</i>, fr. L. <i>sagina</i> a fattening.] <def>Lard;
grease.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sai*mir"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The squirrel monkey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sain</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Say</u>, for
<i>sayen</i>. <def>Said.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>Saint</i>,
<i>Sane</i>.] <def>To sanctify; to bless so as to protect from evil
influence.</def> [R.] <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sain"foin</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>sain</i> wholesome (L. <i>sanus</i>; see <u>Sane</u>.) +
<i>foin</i> hay (L. <i>f&aelig;num</i>); or perh. fr. <i>saint</i>
sacred (L. <i>sanctus</i>; see <u>Saint</u>) + <i>foin</i> hay.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A leguminous plant
(<i>Onobrychis sativa</i>) cultivated for fodder.</def> [Written also
<i>saintfoin</i>.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind of tick trefoil
(<i>Desmodium Canadense</i>).</def> [Canada]</p>

<p><hw>Saint</hw> (s&amacr;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>sanctus</i> sacred, properly p. p. of <i>sancire</i> to render
sacred by a religious act, to appoint as sacred; akin to <i>sacer</i>
sacred. Cf. <u>Sacred</u>, <u>Sanctity</u>, <u>Sanctum</u>,
<u>Sanctus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person sanctified; a holy
or godly person; one eminent for piety and virtue; any true Christian,
as being redeemed and consecrated to God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Them that are sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be
<i>saints</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. i. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the blessed in heaven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then shall thy <i>saints</i>, unmixed, and from the
impure<BR>
Far separate, circling thy holy mount,<BR>
Unfeigned hallelujahs to thee sing.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One canonized by the
church.</def> [Abbrev. St.]</p>

<p><col><b>Saint Andrew's cross</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
cross shaped like the letter X. See <i>Illust.</i> 4, under
<u>Cross</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A low North
American shrub (<i>Ascyrum Crux-Andre&aelig;</i>, the petals of which
have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross.</cd> <i>Gray.</i> --
<col><b>Saint Anthony's cross</b></col>, <cd>a
<universbold>T</universbold>-shaped cross. See <i>Illust.</i> 6, under
<u>Cross</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Anthony's fire</b></col>, <cd>the
erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have
been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint
Anthony's nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the groundnut (<i>Bunium
flexuosum</i>); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony
was once a swineherd.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Saint
Anthony's turnip</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the bulbous crowfoot, a
favorite food of swine.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Saint
Barnaby's thistle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of knapweed
(<i>Centaurea solstitialis</i>) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June
11th.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Saint Bernard</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated
for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St.
Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There
are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Dog</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Catharine's
flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the plant love-in-a-mist. See
under <u>Love</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Cuthbert's beads</b></col>
<i>(Paleon.)</i>, <cd>the fossil joints of crinoid stems.</cd> --
<col><b>Saint Dabeoc's heath</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
heatherlike plant (<i>Dab&oelig;cia polifolia</i>), named from an
Irish saint.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Distaff's Day</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Distaff</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Elmo's fire</b></col>,
<cd>a luminous, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark,
tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at
the masthead and the yardarms. It has also been observed on land, and
is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed
objects. A single flame is called a <i>Helena</i>, or a
<i>Corposant</i>; a double, or twin, flame is called a <i>Castor and
Pollux</i>, or a <i>double Corposant</i>. It takes its name from St.
Elmo, the patron saint of sailors.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint George's
cross</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>a Greek cross gules upon a field
argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the
ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint
George's ensign</b></col>, <cd>a red cross on a white field with a
union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing
badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also <i>the
white ensign</i>.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>Saint George's
flag</b></col>, <cd>a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without
the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>Saint Gobain
glass</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a fine variety of soda-lime plate
glass, so called from St. Gobain in France, where it was
manufactured.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Ignatius's bean</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the seed of a tree of the Philippines (<i>Strychnos
Ignatia</i>), of properties similar to the nux vomica.</cd> --
<col><b>Saint James's shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
pecten (<i>Vola Jacob&aelig;us</i>) worn by pilgrims to the Holy Land.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Scallop</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint
James's-wort</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of ragwort
(<i>Senecio Jacob&aelig;a</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Saint John's
bread</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Carob</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Saint John's-wort</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of
the genus <i>Hypericum</i>, most species of which have yellow flowers;
-- called also <i>John's-wort</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint
Leger</b></col>, <cd>the name of a race for three-year-old horses run
annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by
Col. St. Leger.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Martin's herb</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small tropical American violaceous plant
(<i>Sauvagesia erecta</i>). It is very mucilaginous and is used in
medicine.</cd> <! p. 1269 pr=PCP !> -- <col><b>Saint Martin's
summer</b></col>, <cd>a season of mild, damp weather frequently
prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean
countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occurring on
November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> <i>Whittier.</i> -- <col><b>Saint Patrick's
cross</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i> 4, under <u>Cross</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Saint Patrick's Day</b></col>, <cd>the 17th of March,
anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and
patron saint of Ireland.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Peter's fish</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>John Dory</i>, under <u>John</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Saint Peter's-wort</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of
several plants, as <i>Hypericum Ascyron</i>, <i>H. quadrangulum</i>,
<i>Ascyrum stans</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Peter's
wreath</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrubby kind of Spir&aelig;a
(<i>S. hypericifolia</i>), having long slender branches covered with
clusters of small white blossoms in spring.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint's
bell</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Sanctus bell</i>, under
<u>Sanctus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Vitus's dance</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Saint</hw> (s&amacr;nt), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sainted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sainting</u>.] <def>To make a saint of; to enroll among the saints
by an offical act, as of the pope; to canonize; to give the title or
reputation of a saint to (some one).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A large hospital, erected by a shoemaker who has been
beatified, though never <i>sainted</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To saint it</b></col>, <cd>to act as a saint, or with a
show of piety.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether the charmer sinner it or <i>saint
it</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act or live as a
saint.</def> [R.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint"dom</hw> (-d&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or character of a saint.</def> [R.] <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consecrated; sacred; holy; pious.</def> "A most <i>sainted</i>
king." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Amongst the enthroned gods on <i>sainted</i>
seats.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Entered into heaven; -- a euphemism for
<i>dead</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saint"ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female saint.</def>
[R.] <i>Bp. Fisher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being a saint; the condition of a saint.</def>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The order, or united body, of saints;
saints, considered collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was supposed he felt no call to any expedition that
might endanger the reign of the military
<i>sainthood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat saintlike; -
- used ironically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saint"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character or
quality of saints; also, hypocritical pretense of holiness.</def>
<i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
saint; suiting a saint; becoming a saint; saintly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Glossed over only with a <i>saintlike</i>
show.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being saintly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saint"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Saintlier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Saintliest</u>.]
<def>Like a saint; becoming a holy person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So dear to Heaven is <i>saintly</i>
chastity.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Saint</i> +
<i>-logy</i> + <i>-ist</i>.] <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One who writes the
lives of saints.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Saint"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character or
qualities of a saint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saint`-Si*mo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
follower of the Count de <i>St. Simon</i>, who died in 1825, and who
maintained that the principle of property held in common, and the just
division of the fruits of common labor among the members of society,
are the true remedy for the social evils which exist.</def> <i>Brande
& C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saint`-Si*mo"ni*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principles, doctrines, or practice of the Saint-Simonians; -- called
also <i>Saint- Simonism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saith</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Say</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Saithe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>saoidheam</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pollock, or coalfish; -- called also
<i>sillock</i>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sai"va</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>&ccedil;aiva</i> devoted to <i>Siva</i>.] <def>One of an important
religious sect in India which regards Siva with peculiar
veneration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sai"vism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The worship of
Siva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*jene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sagene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"jou</hw> (?; F. &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Sapajou</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sake</hw> (s&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sake</i>
cause, also, lawsuit, fault, AS. <i>sacu</i> strife, a cause or suit
at law; akin to D. <i>zaak</i> cause, thing, affair, G. <i>sache</i>
thing, cause in law, OHG. <i>sahha</i>, Icel. <i>s&ouml;k</i>, Sw.
<i>sak</i>, Dan. <i>sag</i>, Goth. <i>sakj&omacr;</i> strife, AS.
<i>sacan</i> to contend, strive, Goth. <i>sakam</i>, Icel. <i>saka</i>
to contend, strive, blame, OHG. <i>sahhan</i>, MHG. <i>sachen</i>, to
contend, strive, defend one's right, accuse, charge in a lawsuit, and
also to E. <i>seek</i>. Cf. <u>Seek</u>.] <def>Final cause; end;
purpose of obtaining; cause; motive; reason; interest; concern;
account; regard or respect; -- used chiefly in such phrases as, <i>for
the sake of</i>, <i>for his sake</i>, <i>for man's sake</i>, <i>for
mercy's sake</i>, and the like; as, to commit crime for the
<i>sake</i> of gain; to go abroad for the <i>sake</i> of one's
health.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moved with wrath and shame and ladies'
<i>sake</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not again curse the ground any more for man's
<i>sake</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. viii. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Will he draw out,<BR>
For anger's <i>sake</i>, finite to infinite?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Knowledge is for the <i>sake</i> of man, and not man
for the <i>sake</i> of knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>-s</i> of the possessive case preceding <i>sake</i>
is sometimes omitted for euphony; as, for goodness <i>sake</i>.
"<i>For conscience sake</i>." <i>1 Cor. x. 28.</i> The plural
<i>sakes</i> is often used with a possessive plural. "For both our
<i>sakes</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ker</hw> (s&amacr;"k&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sacre</i> (cf. It. <i>sagro</i>, Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>sacre</i>), either
fr. L. <i>sacer</i> sacred, holy, as a translation of Gr.
<grk>"ie`rax</grk> falcon, from <grk>"iero`s</grk> holy, or more
probably from Ar. <i>&ccedil;aqr</i> hawk.] [Written also
<i>sacar</i>, <i>sacre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A falcon (<i>Falco sacer</i>) native of
Southern Europe and Asia, closely resembling the lanner.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The female is called <i>chargh</i>, and the male
<i>charghela</i>, or <i>sakeret</i>.</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The peregrine falcon.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small piece of
artillery.</def> <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the bastions were planted culverins and
<i>sakers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The culverins and <i>sakers</i> showing their deadly
muzzles over the rampart.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ker*et</hw> (s&amacr;"k&etilde;r*&ebreve;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sacret</i>. See <u>Saker</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male of the saker
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ki</hw> (s&amacr;"k&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. &
Pg. <i>saki</i>; probably from the native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of South American monkeys of the genus
<i>Pithecia</i>. They have large ears, and a long hairy tail which is
not prehensile.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The black saki (<i>Pithecia satanas</i>), the white-headed
(<i>P. leucocephala</i>), and the red-backed, or hand-drinking, saki
(<i>P. chiropotes</i>), are among the best-known.</p>

<p><hw>Sa"ki</hw> (s&auml;"k&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
alcoholic drink of Japan. It is made from rice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sak"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.] <i>(Hind.
Myth.)</i> <def>The divine energy, personified as the wife of a deity
(Brahma, Vishnu, Siva, etc.); the female principle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal</hw> (s&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>s&amacr;l</i>, Skr. <i>&ccedil;&amacr;la</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An East Indian timber tree (<i>Shorea robusta</i>), much used for
building purposes. It is of a light brown color, close-grained, heavy,
and durable.</def> [Written also <i>saul</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal</hw> (s&abreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Salt</u>.] <i>(Chem. &amp; Pharm.)</i> <def>Salt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sal absinthii</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>an
impure potassium carbonate obtained from the ashes of wormwood
(<i>Artemisia Absinthium</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
acetosell&aelig;</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>salt of
sorrel.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal alembroth</b></col>. <i>(Old Chem.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Alembroth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal ammoniac</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>ammonium chloride, NH<sub>4</sub>Cl, a white
crystalline volatile substance having a sharp salty taste, obtained
from gas works, from nitrogenous matter, etc. It is largely employed
as a source of ammonia, as a reagent, and as an expectorant in
bronchitis. So called because originally made from the soot from
camel's dung at the temple of Jupiter <i>Ammon</i> in Africa. Called
also <i>muriate of ammonia</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
catharticus</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Med. Chem.)</i>, <cd>Epsom
salts.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal culinarius</b></col> [L.] <i>(Old
Chem.)</i>, <cd>common salt, or sodium chloride.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
Cyrenaicus</b></col>. [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sal
ammoniac</i> above.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal de duobus</b></col>,
<col><b>Sal duplicatum</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>,
<cd>potassium sulphate; -- so called because erroneously supposed to
be composed of two salts, one acid and one alkaline.</cd> --
<col><b>Sal diureticus</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Med. Chem.)</i>,
<cd>potassium acetate.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal enixum</b></col> [NL.]
<i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>acid potassium sulphate.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
gemm&aelig;</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Min.)</i>, <cd>common salt
occuring native.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal Jovis</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old
Chem.)</i>, <cd>salt tin, or stannic chloride; -- the alchemical name
of tin being <i>Jove</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal Martis</b></col> [NL.]
<i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>green vitriol, or ferrous sulphate; -- the
alchemical name of iron being <i>Mars</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
microcosmicum</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Microcosmic salt</i>, under <u>Microcosmic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
plumbi</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>sugar of lead.</cd> --
<col><b>Sal prunella</b></col>. <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Prunella
salt</i>, under 1st <u>Prunella</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
Saturni</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>sugar of lead, or lead
acetate; -- the alchemical name of lead being <i>Saturn</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sal sedativus</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>sedative
salt, or boric acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal Seignette</b></col> [F.
<i>seignette</i>, <i>sel de seignette</i>] <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>Rochelle salt.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal soda</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>sodium carbonate. See under <u>Sodium</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal
vitrioli</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>white vitriol; zinc
sulphate.</cd> -- <col><b>Sal volatile</b></col>. [NL.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sal ammoniac</i>,
above.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Spirits of ammonia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*laam"</hw> (s&adot;*l&auml;m"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Salam</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Finally, Josiah might have made his <i>salaam</i> to
the exciseman just as he was folding up that letter.</blockquote>
<i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*laam"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make or perform
a salam.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>salaamed</i> and kowtowed to
him.</blockquote> <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or condition of being salable; salableness.</def> <i>Duke of
Argyll.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Sale</u>.]
<def>Capable of being sold; fit to be sold; finding a ready
market.</def> -- <wf>Sal"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sal"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sa*la"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>salax</i>,
<i>-acis</i>, fond of leaping, lustful, fr. <i>salire</i> to leap. See
<u>Salient</u>.] <def>Having a propensity to venery; lustful;
lecherous.</def> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sa*la"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sa*la"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salacitas</i>: cf. F. <i>salacit&eacute;</i>] <def>Strong
propensity to venery; lust; lecherousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ad</hw> (s&abreve;l"<i>a</i>d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salade</i>, OIt. <i>salata</i>, It. <i>insalata</i>, fr.
<i>salare</i> to salt, fr. L. <i>sal</i> salt. See <u>Salt</u>, and
cf. <u>Slaw</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A preparation of vegetables,
as lettuce, celery, water cress, onions, etc., usually dressed with
salt, vinegar, oil, and spice, and eaten for giving a relish to other
food; as, lettuce <i>salad</i>; tomato <i>salad</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leaves eaten raw are termed <i>salad</i>.</blockquote>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dish composed of chopped meat or fish,
esp. chicken or lobster, mixed with lettuce or other vegetables, and
seasoned with oil, vinegar, mustard, and other condiments; as, chicken
<i>salad</i>; lobster <i>salad</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Salad burnet</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common burnet
(<i>Poterium Sanguisorba</i>), sometimes eaten as a salad in
Italy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A helmet. See
<u>Sallet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ad*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vegetables for
salad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`&aelig;*ra"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saleratus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*gane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the Chinese
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The esculent swallow. See under
<u>Esculent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"al-ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of
American Indian origin.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The edible fruit of the
<i>Gaultheria Shallon</i>, an ericaceous shrub found from California
northwards. The berries are about the size of a common grape and of a
dark purple color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*lam</hw> (s&adot;*l&auml;m"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>sal&amacr;m</i> peace, safety.] <def>A salutation or compliment of
ceremony in the east by word or act; an obeisance, performed by bowing
very low and placing the right palm on the forehead.</def> [Written
also <i>salaam</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*man`der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salamandre</i>, L. <i>salamandra</i>, Gr. &?;; cf. Per.
<i>samander</i>, <i>samandel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of Urodela,
belonging to <i>Salamandra</i>, <i>Amblystoma</i>, <i>Plethodon</i>,
and various allied genera, especially those that are more or less
terrestrial in their habits.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The salamanders have, like lizards, an elongated body, four
feet, and a long tail, but are destitute of scales. They are true
Amphibia, related to the frogs. Formerly, it was a superstition that
the salamander could live in fire without harm, and even extinguish it
by the natural coldness of its body.</p>

<p><blockquote>I have maintained that <i>salamander</i> of yours with
fire any time this two and thirty years.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereas it is commonly said that a <i>salamander</i>
extinguisheth fire, we have found by experience that on hot coals, it
dieth immediately.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pouched gopher
(<i>Geomys tuza</i>) of the Southern United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A culinary utensil of metal with a plate or
disk which is heated, and held over pastry, etc., to brown
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A large poker.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>Solidified material in a
furnace hearth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Giant salamander</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Giant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salamander's</b></col>
<col><b>hair or wool</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a species of
asbestus or mineral flax.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`a*man*dri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of Urodela, comprising
salamanders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`a*man"drine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, a salamander; enduring fire.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal`a*man"droid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Salamander</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or
pertaining to the salamanders.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`a*man*droi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Amphibia including the
Salamanders and allied groups; the Urodela.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"am*stone`</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A kind of blue sapphire brought from Ceylon.</def>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lan"ga*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
salagane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Receiving a
salary; paid by a salary; having a salary attached; as, a
<i>salaried</i> officer; a <i>salaried</i> office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salarius</i>.]
<def>Saline</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Salaries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>salaire</i>, L.
<i>salarium</i>, originally, salt money, the money given to the Roman
soldiers for salt, which was a part of their pay, fr. <i>salarius</i>
belonging to salt, fr. <i>sal</i> salt. See <u>Salt</u>.] <def>The
recompense or consideration paid, or stipulated to be paid, to a
person at regular intervals for services; fixed wages, as by the year,
quarter, or month; stipend; hire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is hire and <i>salary</i>, not
revenge.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Recompense for services paid at, or reckoned by, short
intervals, as a day or week, is usually called <i>wages</i>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stipend; pay; wages; hire; allowance.</p>

<p><hw>Sal"a*ry</hw> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Salaried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Salarying</u> (?).] <def>To pay, or agree to pay, a salary to; to
attach salary to; as, to <i>salary</i> a clerk; to <i>salary</i> a
position.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Sallow</u>.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sala</i>, <i>sal</i>,
akin to E. <i>sell</i>. See <u>Sell</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of selling; the transfer of property,
or a contract to transfer the ownership of property, from one person
to another for a valuable consideration, or for a price in
money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Opportunity of selling; demand;
market.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall have ready <i>sale</i> for
them.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Public disposal to the highest bidder, or
exposure of goods in market; auction.</def> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bill of sale</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bill</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Of sale</b></col>, <col><b>On sale</b></col>, <col><b>For
sale</b></col>, <cd>to be bought or sold; offered to purchasers; in
the market.</cd> -- <col><b>To set to sale</b></col>, <cd>to offer for
sale; to put up for purchase; to make merchandise of.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sale"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Sale"a*bly</hw>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, etc. <def>See <u>Salable</u>, <u>Salably</u>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"eb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Salep</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`e*bros"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Roughness
or ruggedness.</def> [Obs.] <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"e*brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salebrosus</i>, fr. <i>salebra</i> a rugged road, fr. <i>salire</i>
to leap.] <def>Rough; rugged.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"ep</hw> (s&abreve;l"&ebreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>sahleb</i>, perhaps a corruption of an Arabic word for fox, one Ar.
name of the orchis signifying literally, fox's testicles: cf. F.
<i>salep</i>.] [Written also <i>saleb</i>, <i>salop</i>, and
<i>saloop</i>.] <def>The dried tubers of various species of
<i>Orchis</i>, and <i>Eulophia</i>. It is used to make a nutritious
beverage by treating the powdered preparation with hot water.</def>
<i>U. S. Disp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal`e*ra"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>sal
a&euml;ratus</i>; -- so called because it is a source of fixed air
(carbon dioxide). See <u>Sal</u>, and and <u>A&euml;rated</u>.]
<i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A&euml;rated salt; a white crystalline
substance having an alkaline taste and reaction, consisting of sodium
bicarbonate (see under <u>Sodium</u>.) It is largely used in cooking,
with sour milk (lactic acid) or cream of tartar as a substitute for
yeast. It is also an ingredient of most baking powders, and is used in
the preparation of effervescing drinks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sales"man</hw> (s&amacr;lz"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Salesmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). [<i>Sale</i> +
<i>man</i>.] <def>One who sells anything; one whose occupation is to
sell goods or merchandise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sales"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Saleswomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman whose occupation is
to sell goods or merchandise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sale"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work or things
made for sale; hence, work done carelessly or slightingly.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"lian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Denoting a tribe of
Franks who established themselves early in the fourth century on the
river Sala [now Yssel]; Salic.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Salian Frank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"li*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Salient</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*aunce</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Sally</u>.]
<def>Salience; onslaught.</def> [Obs.] "So fierce <i>saliaunce</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1270 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ic</hw> (s&abreve;l"&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salique</i>, fr. the <i>Salian</i> Franks, who, in the fifth
century, formed a body of laws called in Latin <i>leges
Salic&aelig;</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Salian Franks, or to
the Salic law so called.</def> [Also <i>salique</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Salic law</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A code of laws
formed by the Salian Franks in the fifth century. By one provision of
this code women were excluded from the inheritance of landed
property.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Specifically, in modern times,
a law supposed to be a special application of the above-mentioned
provision, in accordance with which males alone can inherit the
throne. This law has obtained in France, and at times in other
countries of Europe, as Spain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*ca"ceous</hw> (s&abreve;l`&ibreve;*k&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salix</i>, <i>-icis</i>, the willow.]
<def>Belonging or relating to the willow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>salix</i>, <i>-
icis</i>, a willow: cf. F. <i>salicine</i>. See <u>Sallow</u> the
tree.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside found in the bark and leaves of
several species of willow (<i>Salix</i>) and poplar, and extracted as
a bitter white crystalline substance.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Salic</i>in + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical of salicylic
acid and of certain related compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cyl`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Salicyl</i>ic +
<i>al</i>dehide.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A thin, fragrant, colorless oil,
HO.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.CHO, found in the flowers of meadow
sweet (<i>Spir&aelig;a</i>), and also obtained by oxidation of
salicin, saligenin, etc. It reddens on exposure. Called also
<i>salicylol</i>, <i>salicylic aldehyde</i>, and formerly
<i>salicylous, or spiroylous, acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cyl`ate</hw> (-&asl;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of salicylic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*cyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an acid formerly
obtained by fusing salicin with potassium hydroxide, and now made in
large quantities from phenol (carbolic acid) by the action of carbon
dioxide on heated sodium phenolate. It is a white crystalline
substance. It is used as an antiseptic, and in its salts in the
treatment of rheumatism. Called also <i>hydroxybenzoic</i>
<i>acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cyl`ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Salicyl</i>ic
+ anhydr<i>ide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline substance
obtained by dehydration of salicylic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cyl`ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A compound of salicylal; -- named after the analogy of a
salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*cyl`ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Salicyl</i>ic +
L. <i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Salicylal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lic"y*lous</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a substance
formerly called <i>salicylous acid</i>, and now
<i>salicylal</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"li*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Salient</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or condition of being salient; a
leaping; a springing forward; an assaulting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of projecting, or
being projected; projection; protrusion.</def> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"li*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being salient; hence, vigor.</def> "A fatal lack of poetic
<i>saliency</i>." <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"li*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saliens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>salire</i> to leap; cf. F.
<i>saillant</i>. See <u>Sally</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving by leaps or springs;
leaping; bounding; jumping.</def> "Frogs and <i>salient</i> animals."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shooting out or up; springing;
projecting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had in himself a <i>salient</i>, living spring of
generous and manly action.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively, forcing itself on the
attention; prominent; conspicuous; noticeable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Grenville] had neither <i>salient</i> traits, nor
general comprehensiveness of mind.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math. &amp; Fort.)</i> <def>Projecting
outwardly; as, a <i>salient</i> angle; -- opposed to
<i>re&euml;ntering</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Bastion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Represented in a leaping
position; as, a lion <i>salient</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Salient angle</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Salient</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Salient polygon</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a polygon all of whose angles are salient.</cd> --
<col><b>Salient polyhedron</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a polyhedron
all of whose solid angles are salient.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa"li*ent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A
salient angle or part; a projection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"li*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a salient
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sal</i>
salt + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing, or impregnated with,
salt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saliferous rocks</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the New Red
Sandstone system of some geologists; -- so called because, in Europe,
this formation contains beds of salt. The saliferous beds of New York
State belong largely to the Salina period of the Upper Silurian. See
the <i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>salifiable</i>. See <u>Salify</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of
neutralizing an acid to form a salt; -- said of bases; thus, ammonia
is <i>salifiable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>salification</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act, process, or result
of salifying; the state of being salified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Salified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Salifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>salifier</i>; from L. <i>sal</i> salt +
<i>-ficare</i> (only in comp.) to make. See <u>-fy</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To combine or impregnate with
a salt.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To form a salt with; to convert
into a salt; as, to <i>salify</i> a base or an acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lig"e*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sal</i>icin +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A phenol alcohol obtained, by the
decomposition of salicin, as a white crystalline substance; -- called
also <i>hydroxy-benzyl alcohol</i>.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*got</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The water chestnut (<i>Trapa natans</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal*im"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sal</i> salt
+ <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the amount of salt
present in any given solution.</def> [Written also
<i>salometer</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal*im"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
process of measuring the amount of salt in a substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*li"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>salinae</i>,
pl., salt works, from <i>sal</i> salt. See <u>Saline</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A salt marsh, or salt
pond, inclosed from the sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Salt works.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*li"na pe"ri*od</hw> (?). [So called from <i>Salina</i>, a
town in New York.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The period in which the
American Upper Silurian system, containing the brine-producing rocks
of central New York, was formed. See the <i>Chart</i> of
<u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
washing with salt water.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.] <i>Greenhill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"line</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salin</i>, fr. L. <i>sal</i> salt: cf. L. <i>salinae</i> salt
works, <i>salinum</i> saltcellar. See <u>Salt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of salt, or containing salt; as, <i>saline</i>
particles; <i>saline</i> substances; a <i>saline</i>
cathartic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the quality of salt; salty; as, a
<i>saline</i> taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"line</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>saline</i>. See <u>Saline</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A salt
spring; a place where salt water is collected in the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crude potash obtained from beet-root residues
and other similar sources.</def> [Written also <i>salin</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med. Chem.)</i> <def>A metallic salt; esp.,
a salt of potassium, sodium, lithium, or magnesium, used in
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*line"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being salt; saltness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Saline</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Saliferous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lin"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
form or the qualities of a salt, especially of common salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Salineness.</def> <i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Saline</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>A salimeter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lin"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Saline.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"ique</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Salic.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She fulmined out her scorn of laws
<i>salique</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*re"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sali</i>genin +
Gr. &?; resin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow amorphous resinoid
substance obtained by the action of dilute acids on
saligenin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`is*bu"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after R.
A. <i>Salisbury</i>, an English botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
ginkgo tree (<i>Ginkgo biloba</i>, or <i>Salisburia
adiantifolia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>salitus</i>,
p. p. of <i>salire</i> to salt, fr. <i>sal</i> salt.] <def>To season
with salt; to salt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>Sala</i>, a town in Sweden.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A massive lamellar
variety of pyroxene, of a dingy green color.</def> [Written also
<i>sahlite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*li"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.; cf. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The secretion from the salivary
glands.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In man the saliva is a more or less turbid and slighty
viscid fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by
the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the
saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. The
secretions from the individual salivary glands have their own special
characteristics, and these are not the same in all animals. In man and
many animals <i>mixed saliva</i>, i.e., saliva composed of the
secretions of all three of the salivary glands, is an important
digestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme,
ptyalin.</p>

<p><hw>Sa*li"val</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Salivary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*vant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salivans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>salivare</i>. See <u>Salivate</u>.] <def>Producing
salivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*vant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which produces
salivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*va*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salivarius</i> slimy, clammy: cf. F. <i>salivaire</i>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to saliva; producing or
carrying saliva; as, the <i>salivary</i> ferment; the <i>salivary</i>
glands; the <i>salivary</i> ducts, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"i*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Salivated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Salivating</u>.] [L. <i>salivatus</i>, p. p. of <i>salivare</i> to
salivate. See <u>Saliva</u>.] <def>To produce an abnormal flow of
saliva in; to produce salivation or ptyalism in, as by the use of
mercury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`i*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salivatio</i>: cf. F. <i>salivation</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The act or process of salivating; an excessive secretion of
saliva, often accompanied with soreness of the mouth and gums;
ptyalism.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It may be induced by direct chemical or mechanical
stimulation, as in mastication of some tasteless substance like
rubber, or indirectly by some agent which affects the whole system, as
mercury compounds.</p>

<p><hw>Sa*li"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salivosus</i>:
cf. F. <i>saliveux</i>.] <def>Pertaining to saliva; of the nature of
saliva.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"lix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Salices</b></plw> (#). [L., the willow.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of trees or shrubs including the
willow, osier, and the like, growing usually in wet grounds.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tree or shrub of any kind of
willow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"len*ders</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>solandres</i>, <i>solandre</i>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An eruption on
the hind leg of a horse.</def> [Written also <i>sellanders</i>, and
<i>sellenders</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>On the inside of the hock, or a little below it, as
well as at the bend of the knee, there is occasionally a scurfy
eruption called "mallenders" in the fore leg, and "<i>sallenders</i>"
in the hind leg.</blockquote> <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"let</hw> (s&abreve;l"l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salade</i>, Sp. <i>celada</i>, or It. <i>celata</i>, fr. L.
(cassis) <i>caelata</i>, fr. <i>caelare</i>, <i>caelatum</i>, to
engrave in relief. So called from the figures engraved upon it.]
<def>A light kind of helmet, with or without a visor, introduced
during the 15th century.</def> [Written also <i>salade</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then he must have a <i>sallet</i> wherewith his head
may be saved.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sal"let</hw>, <hw>Sal"let*ing</hw> }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Salad.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"li*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Salience.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"low</hw> (s&abreve;l"l&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>salwe</i>, AS. <i>sealh</i>; akin to OHG. <i>salaha</i>, G.
<i>salweide</i>, Icel. <i>selja</i>, L. <i>salix</i>, Ir. <i>sail</i>,
<i>saileach</i>, Gael. <i>seileach</i>, W. <i>helyg</i>, Gr.
<grk>"eli`kh</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The willow; willow
twigs.</def> [Poetic] <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And bend the pliant <i>sallow</i> to a
shield.</blockquote> <i>Fawkes.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sallow</i> knows the basketmaker's
thumb.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to certain
species of willow, especially those which do not have flexible shoots,
as <i>Salix caprea</i>, <i>S. cinerea</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sallow thorn</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European thorny
shrub (<i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i>) much like an El&aelig;agnus. The
yellow berries are sometimes used for making jelly, and the plant
affords a yellow dye.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sal"low</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sallower</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sallowest</u>.] [AS.
<i>salu</i>; akin to D. <i>zaluw</i>, OHG. <i>salo</i>, Icel.
<i>s&ouml;lr</i> yellow.] <def>Having a yellowish color; of a pale,
sickly color, tinged with yellow; as, a <i>sallow</i> skin.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tinge with
sallowness.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>July breathes hot, <i>sallows</i> the crispy
fields.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"low*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
sallow.</def> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"low*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being sallow.</def> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ly</hw> (s&abreve;l"l&ybreve;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sallied</u> (-l&ibreve;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sallying</u>.] [F.
<i>saillir</i>, fr. L. <i>salire</i> to leap, spring, akin to Gr.
<grk>"a`llesqai</grk>; cf. Skr. <i>s&rsdot;</i> to go, to flow. Cf.
<u>Salient</u>, <u>Assail</u>, <u>Assault</u>, <u>Exult</u>,
<u>Insult</u>, <u>Saltation</u>, <u>Saltire</u>.] <def>To leap or rush
out; to burst forth; to issue suddenly; as a body of troops from a
fortified place to attack besiegers; to make a sally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They break the truce, and <i>sally</i> out by
night.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The foe retires, -- she heads the <i>sallying</i>
host.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sallies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>saillie</i>, fr. <i>saillir</i>.
See <i>Sally</i>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
leaping forth; a darting; a spring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rushing or bursting forth; a quick issue;
a sudden eruption; specifically, an issuing of troops from a place
besieged to attack the besiegers; a sortie.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sallies</i> were made by the Spaniards, but they
were beaten in with loss.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An excursion from the usual track; range;
digression; deviation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every one shall know a country better that makes often
<i>sallies</i> into it, and traverses it up and down, than he that . .
. goes still round in the same track.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A flight of fancy, liveliness, wit, or the
like; a flashing forth of a quick and active mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unaffected mirth with which she enjoyed his
<i>sallies</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Transgression of the limits of soberness or
steadiness; act of levity; wild gayety; frolic; escapade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The excursion was esteemed but a <i>sally</i> of
youth.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sally port</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Fort.)</i>
<cd>A postern gate, or a passage underground, from the inner to the
outer works, to afford free egress for troops in a sortie</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naval)</i> <cd>A large port on each quarter of
a fireship, for the escape of the men into boats when the train is
fired; a large port in an old-fashioned three-decker or a large modern
ironclad.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ly Lunn"</hw> (?). [From a woman, <i>Sally Lunn</i>, who is
said to have first made the cakes, and sold them in the streets of
Bath, Eng.] <def>A tea cake slighty sweetened, and raised with yeast,
baked in the form of biscuits or in a thin loaf, and eaten hot with
butter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ly*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The velella; -- called also <i>saleeman</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Psalm.</def> [Obs2E]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal`ma*gun"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salmigondis</i>, of uncertain origin; perhaps from L. <i>salgama
condita</i>, pl.; <i>salgama</i> pickles + <i>condita</i> preserved
(see <u>Condite</u>); or from the Countess <i>Salmagondi</i>, lady of
honor to Maria de Medici, who is said to have invented it; or cf. It.
<i>salame</i> salt meat, and F. <i>salmis</i> a ragout.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mixture of chopped meat and pickled herring,
with oil, vinegar, pepper, and onions.</def> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a mixture of various ingredients; an
olio or medley; a potpourri; a miscellany.</def> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Salmis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"mi*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>salmiac</i>, G. <i>salmiak</i>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Sal
ammoniac. See under <u>Sal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`mis"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>A ragout of partly roasted game stewed with sauce, wine, bread,
and condiments suited to provoke appetite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salm"on</hw> (s&abreve;m"&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Salmons</b></plw> (-&ubreve;nz) <i>or</i>
(<i>collectively</i>) <plw><b>Salmon</b></plw>. [OE. <i>saumoun</i>,
<i>salmon</i>, F. <i>saumon</i>, fr. L. <i>salmo</i>, <i>salmonis</i>,
perhaps from <i>salire</i> to leap. Cf. <u>Sally</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of several species of fishes of the genus <i>Salmo</i> and allied
genera. The common salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) of Northern Europe and
Eastern North America, and the California salmon, or quinnat, are the
most important species. They are extensively preserved for food. See
<u>Quinnat</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The salmons ascend rivers and penetrate to their head
streams to spawn. They are remarkably strong fishes, and will even
leap over considerable falls which lie in the way of their progress.
The common salmon has been known to grow to the weight of seventy-five
pounds; more generally it is from fifteen to twenty-five pounds. Young
salmon are called <i>parr</i>, <i>peal</i>, <i>smolt</i>, and
<i>grilse</i>. Among the true salmons are: <col><b>Black
salmon</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Lake salmon</b></col>, <cd>the
namaycush.</cd> -- <col><b>Dog salmon</b></col>, <cd>a salmon of
Western North America (<i>Oncorhynchus keta</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Humpbacked salmon</b></col>, <cd>a Pacific-coast salmon
(<i>Oncorhynchus gorbuscha</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>King
salmon</b></col>, <cd>the quinnat.</cd> -- <col><b>Landlocked
salmon</b></col>, <cd>a variety of the common salmon (var.
<i>Sebago</i>), long confined in certain lakes in consequence of
obstructions that prevented it from returning to the sea. This last is
called also <i>dwarf salmon</i>.</cd> </p>

<p>  Among fishes of other families which are locally and erroneously
called <i>salmon</i> are: the pike perch, called <i>jack salmon</i>;
the spotted, or southern, squeteague; the cabrilla, called <i>kelp
salmon</i>; young pollock, called <i>sea salmon</i>; and the
California yellowtail.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reddish yellow or orange color, like the
flesh of the salmon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Salmon berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a large red
raspberry growing from Alaska to California, the fruit of the <i>Rubus
Nutkanus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salmon killer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a stickleback (<i>Gasterosteus
cataphractus</i>) of Western North America and Northern Asia.</cd> --
<col><b>Salmon ladder</b></col>, <col><b>Salmon stair</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Fish ladder</i>, under <u>Fish</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salmon
peel</b></col>, <cd>a young salmon.</cd> -- <col><b>Salmon
pipe</b></col>, <cd>a certain device for catching salmon.</cd>
<i>Crabb.</i> -- <col><b>Salmon trout</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The European sea trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>).
It resembles the salmon, but is smaller, and has smaller and more
numerous scales.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The American
namaycush</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A name that is also applied
locally to the adult black spotted trout (<i>Salmo purpuratus</i>),
and to the steel head and other large trout of the Pacific
coast.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salm"on</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a reddish yellow or
orange color, like that of the flesh of the salmon.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1271 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Salm"on*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>Samlet</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A salmon of small size; a samlet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"mon*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Salmon</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or pertaining to, the
<i>Salmonid&aelig;</i>, a family of fishes including the trout and
salmon.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any fish of the family
<i>Salmonid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sal</i> salt +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A halogen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Salicylic</i> + <i>-
ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline substance consisting
of phenol salicylate.</def></p>

<p><hw>sa*lom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Salimeter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Salimetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`lon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Saloon</u>.] <def>An apartment for the reception of company; hence,
in the plural, fashionable parties; circles of fashionable
society.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*loon"</hw> (s&adot;*l&oomac;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salon</i> (cf. It. <i>salone</i>), fr. F. <i>salle</i> a large
room, a hall, of German or Dutch origin; cf. OHG. <i>sal</i> house,
hall, G. <i>saal</i>; akin to AS. <i>s&aelig;l</i>, <i>sele</i>, D.
<i>zaal</i>, Icel. <i>salr</i>, Goth. <i>saljan</i> to dwell, and
probably to L. <i>solum</i> ground. Cf. <u>Sole</u> of the foot,
<u>Soil</u> ground, earth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spacious and
elegant apartment for the reception of company or for works of art; a
hall of reception, esp. a hall for public entertainments or
amusements; a large room or parlor; as, the <i>saloon</i> of a
steamboat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gilden <i>saloons</i> in which the first magnates
of the realm . . . gave banquets and balls.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Popularly, a public room for specific uses;
esp., a barroom or grogshop; as, a drinking <i>saloon</i>; an eating
<i>saloon</i>; a dancing <i>saloon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We hear of no hells, or low music halls, or low dancing
<i>saloons</i> [at Athens.]</blockquote> <i>J. P. Mahaffy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*loop"</hw> (s&adot;*l&oomac;p"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An aromatic drink prepared from sassafras bark and other
ingredients, at one time much used in London.</def> <i>J. Smith (Dict.
Econ. Plants).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Saloop bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an Australian
shrub (<i>Rhagodia hastata</i>) of the Goosefoot family, used for
fodder.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salp</hw> (s&abreve;lp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of Salpa, or of the family
<i>Salpid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal"pa</hw> (s&abreve;l"p&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Salp&aelig;</b></plw> (-p&emacr;), E.
<plw><b>Salpas</b></plw> (-p&adot;z). [NL.: cf. L. <i>salpa</i> a kind
of stockfish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of transparent,
tubular, free-swimming oceanic tunicates found abundantly in all the
warmer latitudes. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Each species exists in two distinct forms, one of which
lives solitary, and produces, by budding from an internal organ, a
series of the other kind. These are united together, side by side, so
as to form a chain, or cluster, often of large size. Each of the
individuals composing the chain carries a single egg, which develops
into the solitary kind.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sal"pi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Sal"pid</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A salpa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"pi*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>salpicon</i>,
Sp. <i>salpicon</i>.] <def>Chopped meat, bread, etc., used to stuff
legs of veal or other joints; stuffing; farce.</def> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`pin*gi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Salpinx</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the salpinx.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal"pinx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;,
&?;, a trumpet.] <i>(Old Anat.)</i> <def>The Eustachian tube, or the
Fallopian tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"sa*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Salsify</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`sa*men*ta"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salsamentarius</i>, fr. <i>salsamentum</i> brine, pickled fish, fr.
<i>salsus</i> salted, p. p. of <i>salire</i> to salt.] <def>Salt;
salted; saline.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Salse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A mud volcano,
the water of which is often impregnated with salts, whence the
name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"si*fy</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>salsifis</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <i>Oyster plant</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under <u>Oyster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"so-ac`id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salsus</i>
salted, salt + <i>acidus</i> acid.] <def>Having a taste compounded of
saltness and acidity; both salt and acid.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal`so"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Sal
soda</i>, under <u>Sal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal"so*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>salsus</i> salt, because they contain alkaline salts.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants including the glasswort. See
<u>Glasswort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>sal*su"gi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salsugo</i>, <i>-ginis</i>, saltness, from <i>salsus</i> salted,
salt: cf. F. <i>salsugineux</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing in
brackish places or in salt marshes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sealt</i>; akin to
OS. &amp; OFries. <i>salt</i>, D. <i>zout</i>, G. <i>salz</i>, Icel., Sw.,
& Dan. <i>salt</i>, L. <i>sal</i>, Gr. &?;, Russ. <i>sole</i>, Ir. &
Gael. <i>salann</i>, W. <i>halen</i>, of unknown origin. Cf.
<u>Sal</u>, <u>Salad</u>, <u>Salary</u>, <u>Saline</u>, <u>Sauce</u>,
<u>Sausage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The chloride of sodium, a
substance used for seasoning food, for the preservation of meat, etc.
It is found native in the earth, and is also produced, by evaporation
and crystallization, from sea water and other water impregnated with
saline particles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, flavor; taste; savor; smack;
seasoning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though we are justices and doctors and churchmen . . .
we have some <i>salt</i> of our youth in us.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, also, piquancy; wit; sense; as,
Attic <i>salt</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A dish for salt at table; a
saltcellar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I out and bought some things; among others, a dozen of
silver <i>salts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A sailor; -- usually qualified by
<i>old</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Around the door are generally to be seen, laughing and
gossiping, clusters of old <i>salts</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The neutral compound formed
by the union of an acid and a base; thus, sulphuric acid and iron form
the <i>salt</i> sulphate of iron or green vitriol.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Except in case of ammonium salts, accurately speaking, it is
the acid radical which unites with the base or basic radical, with the
elimination of hydrogen, of water, or of analogous compounds as side
products. In the case of diacid and triacid bases, and of dibasic and
tribasic acids, the mutual neutralization may vary in degree,
producing respectively <i>basic</i>, <i>neutral</i>, or <i>acid</i>
salts. See Phrases below.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which preserves from corruption
or error; that which purifies; a corrective; an antiseptic; also, an
allowance or deduction; as, his statements must be taken with a grain
of <i>salt</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye are the <i>salt</i> of the earth.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. v. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Any mineral salt used as an
aperient or cathartic, especially Epsom salts, Rochelle salt, or
Glauber's salt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Marshes flooded by the
tide.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Above the salt</b></col>, <col><b>Below the salt</b></col>,
<cd>phrases which have survived the old custom, in the houses of
people of rank, of placing a large saltcellar near the middle of a
long table, the places above which were assigned to the guests of
distinction, and those below to dependents, inferiors, and poor
relations. See <u>Saltfoot</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>His fashion is not to take knowledge of him that is
beneath him in clothes. He never drinks <i>below the
salt</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Acid salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A salt derived from an acid which has several replaceable hydrogen
atoms which are only partially exchanged for metallic atoms or basic
radicals; as, acid potassium sulphate is an <i>acid salt</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A salt, whatever its constitution, which
merely gives an acid reaction; thus, copper sulphate, which is
composed of a strong acid united with a weak base, is an <i>acid
salt</i> in this sense, though theoretically it is a neutral
salt.</cd> -- <col><b>Alkaline salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
salt which gives an alkaline reaction, as sodium carbonate.</cd> --
<col><b>Amphid salt</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt of the
oxy type, formerly regarded as composed of two oxides, an acid and a
basic oxide.</cd> [Obsolescent] -- <col><b>Basic salt</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A salt which contains more of
the basic constituent than is required to neutralize the acid</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An alkaline salt.</cd> -- <col><b>Binary
salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt of the oxy type conveniently
regarded as composed of two ingredients (analogously to a haloid
salt), viz., a metal and an acid radical.</cd> -- <col><b>Double
salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt regarded as formed by the
union of two distinct salts, as common alum, potassium aluminium
sulphate. See under <u>Double</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Epsom
salts</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Essential
salt</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt obtained by
crystallizing plant juices.</cd> -- <col><b>Ethereal salt</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Ethereal</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Glauber's salt</b></col> or <col><b>salts</b></col>. <cd>See
in Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Haloid salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>a simple salt of a halogen acid, as sodium chloride.</cd> --
<col><b>Microcosmic salt</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i>. <cd>See under
<u>Microcosmic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Neutral salt</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A salt in which the acid and
base (in theory) neutralize each other</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
salt which gives a neutral reaction.</cd> -- <col><b>Oxy
salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt derived from an oxygen
acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Per salt</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
salt supposed to be derived from a peroxide base or analogous
compound.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Permanent salt</b></col>, <cd>a salt
which undergoes no change on exposure to the air.</cd> --
<col><b>Proto salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt derived from a
protoxide base or analogous compound.</cd> -- <col><b>Rochelle
salt</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Rochelle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of
amber</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>succinic acid.</cd> --
<col><b>Salt of colcothar</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>green
vitriol, or sulphate of iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of
hartshorn</b></col>. <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Sal
ammoniac, or ammonium chloride</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Ammonium
carbonate. Cf. <i>Spirit of hartshorn</i>, under
<u>Hartshorn</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of lemons</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Salt of sorrel</i>, below.</cd> --
<col><b>Salt of Saturn</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>sugar of
lead; lead acetate; -- the alchemical name of lead being
<i>Saturn</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of Seignette</b></col>. <cd>Same
as <u>Rochelle salt</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of soda</b></col>
<i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>sodium carbonate.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of
sorrel</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>acid potassium oxalate, or
potassium quadroxalate, used as a solvent for ink stains; -- so called
because found in the sorrel, or Oxalis. Also sometimes inaccurately
called <i>salt of lemon</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of tartar</b></col>
<i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>potassium carbonate; -- so called because
formerly made by heating cream of tartar, or potassium tartrate.</cd>
[Obs.] -- <col><b>Salt of Venus</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>blue
vitriol; copper sulphate; -- the alchemical name of copper being
<i>Venus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of wisdom</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Alembroth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sedative salt</b></col> <i>(Old Med.
Chem.)</i>, <cd>boric acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Sesqui salt</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt derived from a sesquioxide base or
analogous compound.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit of salt</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Spirit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulpho
salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt analogous to an oxy salt,
but containing sulphur in place of oxygen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salt</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Salter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Saltest</u>.] [AS.
<i>sealt</i>, <i>salt</i>. See <u>Salt</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or relating to salt; abounding in, or
containing, salt; prepared or preserved with, or tasting of, salt;
salted; as, <i>salt</i> beef; <i>salt</i> water.</def> "<i>Salt</i>
tears." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Overflowed with, or growing in, salt water;
as, a <i>salt</i> marsh; <i>salt</i> grass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Bitter; sharp; pungent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a <i>salt</i> and sorry rheum offends
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Salacious; lecherous; lustful.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Salt acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>hydrochloric
acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt block</b></col>, <cd>an apparatus for
evaporating brine; a salt factory.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Salt
bottom</b></col>, <cd>a flat piece of ground covered with saline
efflorescences.</cd> [Western U.S.] <i>Bartlett.</i> -- <col><b>Salt
cake</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the white caked mass, consisting of
sodium sulphate, which is obtained as the product of the first stage
in the manufacture of soda, according to Leblanc's process.</cd> --
<col><b>Salt fish</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Salted fish,
especially cod, haddock, and similar fishes that have been salted and
dried for food.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A marine fish.</cd> --
<col><b>Salt garden</b></col>, <cd>an arrangement for the natural
evaporation of sea water for the production of salt, employing large
shallow basins excavated near the seashore.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt
gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument used to test the strength of brine;
a salimeter.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt horse</b></col>, <cd>salted
beef.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>Salt junk</b></col>, <cd>hard salt beef
for use at sea.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>Salt lick</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Lick</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Salt
marsh</b></col>, <cd>grass land subject to the overflow of salt
water.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt-marsh caterpillar</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American bombycid moth (<i>Spilosoma
acr&aelig;a</i> which is very destructive to the salt-marsh grasses
and to other crops. Called also <i>woolly bear</i>. See Illust. under
<u>Moth</u>, <u>Pupa</u>, and <i>Woolly bear</i>, under
<u>Woolly</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt-marsh fleabane</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a strong-scented composite herb (<i>Pluchea
camphorata</i>) with rayless purplish heads, growing in salt
marshes.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt-marsh hen</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the clapper rail. See under <u>Rail</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt-
marsh terrapin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the diamond-
back.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt mine</b></col>, <cd>a mine where rock salt
is obtained.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt pan</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A large pan used for making salt by evaporation; also, a shallow
basin in the ground where salt water is evaporated by the heat of the
sun.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <cd>Salt works.</cd> --
<col><b>Salt pit</b></col>, <cd>a pit where salt is obtained or
made.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt rising</b></col>, <cd>a kind of yeast in
which common salt is a principal ingredient.</cd> [U.S.] --
<col><b>Salt raker</b></col>, <cd>one who collects salt in natural
salt ponds, or inclosures from the sea.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt
sedative</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>boracic acid.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>Salt spring</b></col>, <cd>a spring of salt water.</cd> --
<col><b>Salt tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small leguminous tree
(<i>Halimodendron argenteum</i>) growing in the salt plains of the
Caspian region and in Siberia.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt water</b></col>,
<cd>water impregnated with salt, as that of the ocean and of certain
seas and lakes; sometimes, also, tears.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Mine eyes are full of tears, I can not see;<BR>
And yet <i>salt water</i> blinds them not so much<BR>
But they can see a sort of traitors here.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Salt-water sailor</b></col>, <cd>an ocean mariner.</cd>
-- <col><b>Salt-water tailor</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Bluefish</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Salted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Salting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle, impregnate, or
season with salt; to preserve with salt or in brine; to supply with
salt; as, to <i>salt</i> fish, beef, or pork; to <i>salt</i>
cattle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill with salt between the timbers and
planks, as a ship, for the preservation of the timber.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To salt a mine</b></col>, <cd>to artfully deposit minerals
in a mine in order to deceive purchasers regarding its value.</cd>
[Cant] -- <col><b>To salt away</b></col>, <col><b>To salt
down</b></col>, <cd>to prepare with, or pack in, salt for preserving,
as meat, eggs, etc.; hence, colloquially, to save, lay up, or invest
sagely, as money.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To deposit salt as
a saline solution; as, the brine begins to <i>salt</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>saltus</i>, fr.
<i>salire</i> to leap.] <def>The act of leaping or jumping; a
leap.</def> [Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saltans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>saltare</i> to dance, v. intens. fr. <i>salire</i> to leap:
cf. F. <i>sautant</i>. See <u>Sally</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Leaping; jumping; dancing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>In a leaping position;
springing forward; -- applied especially to the squirrel, weasel, and
rat, also to the cat, greyhound, monkey, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`ta*rel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saltarello</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`ta*rel"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>saltare</i> to jump.] <def>A popular Italian dance in quick 3-4 or
6-8 time, running mostly in triplets, but with a hop step at the
beginning of each measure. See <u>Tarantella</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Saltant</u>.] <def>To leap or dance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>saltatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>saltation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leaping or
jumping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Continued his <i>saltation</i> without
pause.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Beating or palpitation; as, the
<i>saltation</i> of the great artery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An abrupt and marked
variation in the condition or appearance of a species; a sudden
modification which may give rise to new races.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We greatly suspect that nature does make considerable
jumps in the way of variation now and then, and that these
<i>saltations</i> give rise to some of the gaps which appear to exist
in the series of known forms.</blockquote> <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`ta*to"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Orthoptera including
grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`ta*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to leaping; saltatory; as,
<i>saltatorial</i> exercises.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Same as <u>Saltatorious</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Saltatoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`ta*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
leaping; formed for leaping; saltatory; as, a <i>saltatorious</i>
insect or leg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ta*to"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saltatorius</i>. See <u>Saltant</u>, and cf. <u>Saltire</u>.]
<def>Leaping or dancing; having the power of, or used in, leaping or
dancing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saltatory evolution</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a theory
of evolution which holds that the transmutation of species is not
always gradual, but that there may come sudden and marked variations.
See <u>Saltation</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saltatory spasm</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an affection in which pressure of the foot on a
floor causes the patient to spring into the air, so as to make
repeated involuntary motions of hopping and jumping.</cd> <i>J.
Ross.</i></p>

<p><hw>Salt"bush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
Australian plant (<i>Atriplex nummularia</i>) of the Goosefoot
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"cat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mixture of
salt, coarse meal, lime, etc., attractive to pigeons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"cel*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>saltsaler</i>; <i>salt</i> + F. <i>sali&egrave;re</i> saltcellar,
from L. <i>sal</i> salt. See <u>Salt</u>, and cf. <u>Salary</u>.]
<def>Formerly a large vessel, now a small vessel of glass or other
material, used for holding salt on the table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes,
sells, or applies salt; one who salts meat or fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A building or
place where salt is made by boiling or by evaporation; salt
works.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large
saltcellar formerly placed near the center of the table. The superior
guests were seated above the saltfoot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"-green</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sea-green in
color.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Salt"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European dab.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"tier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saltire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal`ti*gra"d&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Saltigrade</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of spiders
including those which lie in wait and leap upon their prey; the
leaping spiders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ti*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saltus</i> a
leap + <i>gradi</i> to walk, go: cf. F. <i>saltigrade</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having feet or legs formed for
leaping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ti*grade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the <i>Saltigrad&aelig;</i>, a tribe of spiders which leap
to seize their prey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`tim*ban"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., literally,
one who leaps or mounts upon a bench; <i>saltare</i> to leap +
<i>in</i> in, upon + <i>banco</i> a bench.] <def>A mountebank; a
quack.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>santinbanco</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Saltimbancos</i>, quacksalvers, and
charlatans.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Salt"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of sprinkling, impregnating, or furnishing, with
salt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A salt marsh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"tire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sautoir</i>, fr.
LL. <i>saltatorium</i> a sort of stirrup, fr. L. <i>saltatorius</i>
saltatory. See <u>Saltatory</u>, <u>Sally</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A St. Andrew's cross, or cross in the form of an
<universbold>X</universbold>, -- one of the honorable
ordinaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"tire*wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>In the manner of a saltire; -- said especially of the blazoning
of a shield divided by two lines drawn in the direction of a bend and
a bend sinister, and crossing at the center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
salt.</def> -- <wf>Salt"ish*ly</wf>, adv. -- <wf>Salt"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Salt"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of salt;
insipid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With taste of salt;
in a salt manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"mouth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wide-mouthed
bottle with glass stopper for holding chemicals, especially
crystallized salts.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1272 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Salt"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being salt, or state of being salt, or impregnated with salt;
salt taste; as, the <i>saltness</i> of sea water.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Salt`pe"ter</hw>, <hw>Salt`pe"tre</hw> }, (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>salp&ecirc;tre</i>, NL. <i>sal petrae</i>,
literally, rock salt, or stone salt; so called because it exudes from
rocks or walls. See <u>Salt</u>, and <u>Petrify</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Potassium nitrate; niter; a white crystalline substance,
KNO<sub>3</sub>, having a cooling saline taste, obtained by leaching
from certain soils in which it is produced by the process of
nitrification (see <u>Nitrification</u>, 2). It is a strong oxidizer,
is the chief constituent of gunpowder, and is also used as an
antiseptic in curing meat, and in medicine as a diuretic, diaphoretic,
and refrigerant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chili salpeter</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>sodium nitrate
(distinguished from potassium nitrate, or true salpeter), a white
crystalline substance, NaNO<sub>3</sub>, having a cooling, saline,
slightly bitter taste. It is obtained by leaching the soil of the
rainless districts of Chili and Peru. It is deliquescent and cannot be
used in gunpowder, but is employed in the production of nitric acid.
Called also <i>cubic niter</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saltpeter
acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>nitric acid; -- sometimes so called
because made from saltpeter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salt`pe"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>salp&ecirc;treux</i>.] <def>Pertaining to saltpeter, or partaking
of its qualities; impregnated with saltpeter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Salt" rheum</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A popular name, esp.
in the United States, for various cutaneous eruptions, particularly
for those of eczema. See <u>Eczema</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Salt"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name given to several plants which grow on the seashore, as the
<i>Batis maritima</i>, and the glasswort. See
<u>Glasswort</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black saltwort</b></col>, <cd>the sea milkwort.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salt"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat salt;
saltish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lu"bri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salubris</i>, or <i>saluber</i>, fr. <i>salus</i> health; akin to
<i>salvus</i> safe, sound, well. See <u>Safe</u>.] <def>Favorable to
health; healthful; promoting health; as, <i>salubrious</i> air, water,
or climate.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Healthful; wholesome; healthy; salutary.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sa-lu"bri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sa*lu"bri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lu"bri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salubritas</i>: cf. F. <i>salubrit&eacute;</i> See
<u>Salubrious</u>.] <def>The quality of being salubrious;
favorableness to the preservation of health; salubriousness;
wholesomeness; healthfulness; as, the <i>salubrity</i> of the air, of
a country, or a climate.</def> "A sweet, dry smell of
<i>salubrity</i>." <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>saluer</i>.
See <u>Salute</u>.] <def>To salute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There was no "good day" and no
<i>saluyng</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"u*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salutaris</i>, from <i>salus</i>, <i>-utis</i>, health, safety: cf.
F. <i>salutaire</i>. See <u>Salubrious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wholesome; healthful; promoting health; as, <i>salutary</i>
exercise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Promotive of, or contributing to, some
beneficial purpose; beneficial; advantageous; as, a <i>salutary</i>
design.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wholesome; healthful; salubrious; beneficial;
useful; advantageous; profitable.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sal"u*ta*ri*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sal"u*ta*ri*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sal`u*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salutatio</i>: cf. F. <i>salutation</i>. See <u>Salute</u>.]
<def>The act of saluting, or paying respect or reverence, by the
customary words or actions; the act of greeting, or expressing good
will or courtesy; also, that which is uttered or done in saluting or
greeting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all public meetings or private addresses, use those
forms of <i>salutation</i>, reverence, and decency usual amongst the
most sober persons.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Greeting; salute; address. -- <u>Salutation</u>,
<u>Greeting</u>, <u>Salute</u>. <i>Greeting</i> is the general word
for all manner of expressions of recognition, agreeable or otherwise,
made when persons meet or communicate with each other. A
<i>greeting</i> may be hearty and loving, chilling and offensive, or
merely formal, as in the opening sentence of legal documents.
<i>Salutation</i> more definitely implies a wishing well, and is used
of expressions at parting as well as at meeting. It is used especially
of uttered expressions of good will. <i>Salute</i>, while formerly and
sometimes still in the sense of either <i>greeting</i> or
<i>salutation</i>, is now used specifically to denote a conventional
demonstration not expressed in words. The guests received a
<i>greeting</i> which relieved their embarrassment, offered their
<i>salutations</i> in well-chosen terms, and when they retired, as
when they entered, made a deferential <i>salute</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Woe unto you, Pharisees! for ye love the uppermost
seats in the synagogues, and <i>greetings</i> in the
markets.</blockquote> <i>Luke xi. 43.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When Elisabeth heard the <i>salutation</i> of Mary, the
babe leaped in her womb.</blockquote> <i>Luke i. 41.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall not trouble my reader with the first
<i>salutes</i> of our three friends.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lu`ta*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
student who pronounces the salutatory oration at the annual
Commencement or like exercises of a college, -- an honor commonly
assigned to that member of the graduating class who ranks second in
scholarship.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*lu"ta*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By way
of salutation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lu"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salutatorius</i>. See <u>Salute</u>.] <def>Containing or expressing
salutations; speaking a welcome; greeting; -- applied especially to
the oration which introduces the exercises of the Commencements, or
similar public exhibitions, in American colleges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lu"ta*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A place for saluting or greeting; a vestibule; a porch.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(American Colleges)</i> <def>The salutatory
oration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Saluted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Saluting</u>.] [L. <i>salutare</i>, <i>salutatum</i>, from
<i>salus</i>, <i>-utis</i>, health, safety. See <u>Salubrious</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To address, as with expressions of kind wishes
and courtesy; to greet; to hail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>salute</i> you with this kingly
title.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to give a sign of good will; to
compliment by an act or ceremony, as a kiss, a bow, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have the prettiest tip of a finger . . . I must
take the freedom to <i>salute</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. &amp; Naval)</i> <def>To honor, as some
day, person, or nation, by a discharge of cannon or small arms, by
dipping colors, by cheers, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To promote the welfare and safety of; to
benefit; to gratify.</def> [Obs.] "If this <i>salute</i> my blood a
jot." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>salut</i>.
See <u>Salute</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of saluting, or expressing kind wishes or respect; salutation;
greeting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sign, token, or ceremony, expressing good
will, compliment, or respect, as a kiss, a bow, etc.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. &amp; Naval)</i> <def>A token of respect or
honor for some distinguished or official personage, for a foreign
vessel or flag, or for some festival or event, as by presenting arms,
by a discharge of cannon, volleys of small arms, dipping the colors or
the topsails, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*lut"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
salutes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal`u*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>salutifer</i>; <i>salus</i>, <i>-utis</i>, health + <i>ferre</i> to
bring.] <def>Bringing health; healthy; salutary; beneficial; as,
<i>salutiferous</i> air.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Innumerable powers, all of them
<i>salutiferous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Healthful; healthy; salutary; salubrious.</p>

<p><hw>Sal`u*tif"er*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Salutarily.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal`va*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or condition of being salvable; salvableness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the Latin scheme of redemption, <i>salvability</i>
was not possible outside the communion of the visible
organization.</blockquote> <i>A. V. G. Allen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"va*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salvare</i> to
save, from <i>salvus</i> safe. Cf. <u>Savable</u>.] <def>Capable of
being saved; admitting of salvation.</def> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sal"va*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sal"va*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sal"vage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>salvage</i>,
OF. <i>salver</i> to save, F. <i>sauver</i>, fr. L. <i>salvare</i>.
See <u>Save</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of saving a vessel,
goods, or life, from perils of the sea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Salvage</i> of life from a British ship, or a
foreign ship in British waters, ranks before <i>salvage</i> of
goods.</blockquote> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Maritime Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The compensation allowed to persons who voluntarily assist in
saving a ship or her cargo from peril.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>That part of the property that survives the peril and is
saved.</def> <i>Kent. Abbot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"vage</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Savage.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>salvacioun</i>, <i>sauvacion</i>, F. <i>salvation</i>, fr. L.
<i>salvatio</i>, fr. <i>salvare</i> to save. See <u>Save</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of saving; preservation or deliverance
from destruction, danger, or great calamity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The redemption of man from
the bondage of sin and liability to eternal death, and the conferring
on him of everlasting happiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To earn <i>salvation</i> for the sons of
men.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Godly sorrow worketh repentance to
<i>salvation</i>.</blockquote> <i>2. Cor. vii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Saving power; that which saves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear ye not; stand still, and see the <i>salvation</i>
of the Lord, which he will show to you to-day.</blockquote> <i>Ex.
xiv. 13.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Salvation Army</b></col>, <cd>an organization for
prosecuting the work of Christian evangelization, especially among the
degraded populations of cities. It is virtually a new sect founded in
London in 1861 by William Booth. The evangelists, male and female,
have military titles according to rank, that of the chief being
"General." They wear a uniform, and in their phraseology and mode of
work adopt a quasi military style.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sal*va"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An evangelist,
a member, or a recruit, of the Salvation Army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"va*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>salvatorium</i>, fr. <i>salvare</i> to save.] <def>A place where
things are preserved; a repository.</def> [R.] <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sal"ve</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [L., hail, God
save you, imperat. of <i>salvere</i> to be well. Cf. <u>Salvo</u> a
volley.] <def>Hail!</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ve</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To say
"<i>Salve</i>" to; to greet; to salute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By this that stranger knight in presence came,<BR>
And goodly <i>salved</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Salve</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sealf</i>
ointment; akin to LG. <i>salwe</i>, D. <i>zalve</i>, <i>zalf</i>, OHG.
<i>salba</i>, Dan. <i>salve</i>, Sw. <i>salfva</i>, Goth.
<i>salb&omacr;n</i> to anoint, and probably to Gr. (Hesychius) &?;
oil, &?; butter, Skr. <i>sarpis</i> clarified butter. &radic;155,
291.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An adhesive composition or substance to
be applied to wounds or sores; a healing ointment.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A soothing remedy or antidote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Counsel or consolation we may bring.<BR>
<i>Salve</i> to thy sores.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Salve bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large, stout
isopod crustacean (<i>&AElig;ga psora</i>), parasitic on the halibut
and codfish, -- used by fishermen in the preparation of a salve. It
becomes about two inches in length.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Salve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Salved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Salving</u>.] [AS. <i>sealfian</i> to anoint. See <u>Salve</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To heal by applications
or medicaments; to cure by remedial treatment; to apply salve to; as,
to <i>salve</i> a wound.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To heal; to remedy; to cure; to make good;
to soothe, as with an ointment, especially by some device, trick, or
quibble; to gloss over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But Ebranck <i>salved</i> both their infamies<BR>
With noble deeds.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What may we do, then, to <i>salve</i> this seeming
inconsistence?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Salve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Salvage</u>] <def>To save, as a ship or goods, from the perils of
the sea.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><hw>Salv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who salves, or
uses salve as a remedy; hence, a quacksalver, or quack.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Salvage</u>.]
<def>A salvor.</def> <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>salva</i>
pregustation, the tasting of viands before they are served, salver,
fr. <i>salvar</i> to save, to taste, to prove the food or drink of
nobles, from L. <i>salvare</i> to save. See <u>Save</u>.] <def>A tray
or waiter on which anything is presented.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sal"ver-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Tubular, with a spreading border. See
<u>Hypocraterimorphous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sal"vi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., sage.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants including the sage. See
<u>Sage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal*vif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>salficus</i>
saving; <i>salvus</i> saved, safe + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Tending to save or secure safety.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sal"vo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Salvos</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>salvo jure</i>, literally, the
right being reserved. See <u>Safe.</u>] <def>An exception; a
reservation; an excuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They admit many <i>salvos</i>, cautions, and
reservations.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sal"vo</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>salve</i> a discharge
of heavy cannon, a volley, L. <i>salve</i> hail, imperat. of
<i>salvere</i> to be well, akin to <i>salvus</i> well. See
<u>Safe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A concentrated
fire from pieces of artillery, as in endeavoring to make a break in a
fortification; a volley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A salute paid by a simultaneous, or nearly
simultaneous, firing of a number of cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sal"vor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Salvation</u>,
<u>Save</u>] <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who assists in saving a ship or
goods at sea, without being under special obligation to do so.</def>
<i>Wheaton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sam</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>same</i>. See
<u>Same</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Together.</def> [Obs.] "All in
that city <i>sam</i>." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*ma"ra</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>samara</i>,
<i>samera</i>, the seed of the elm.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A dry,
indehiscent, usually one-seeded, winged fruit, as that of the ash,
maple, and elm; a key or key fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam"are</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Simar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*mar"i*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Samaritanus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Samaria, in
Palestine.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant
of Samaria; also, the language of Samaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*ma"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. E.
<i>samar</i>skite.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element of
doubtful identity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Samarium was discovered, by means of spectrum analysis, in
certain minerals (<i>samarskite</i>, <i>cerite</i>, etc.), in which it
is associated with other elements of the earthy group. It has been
confounded with the doubtful elements <i>decipium</i>,
<i>philippium</i>, etc., and is possibly a complex mixture of elements
not as yet clearly identified. Symbol Sm. Provisional atomic weight
150.2. </p>

<p><hw>Sam"a*roid</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Samara</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling a samara, or winged seed
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*mar"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Simar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*mar"skite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [After
<i>Samarski</i>, a Russian.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A rare mineral having
a velvet-black color and submetallic luster. It is a niobate of
uranium, iron, and the yttrium and cerium metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam"bo</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>zambo</i>,
<i>sambo</i>.] <def>A colloquial or humorous appellation for a negro;
sometimes, the offspring of a black person and a mulatto; a
zambo.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sam"boo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sambur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sam*bu"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an elder
tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs and trees; the
elder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam"buke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sambuca</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An ancient stringed instrument used by the
Greeks, the particular construction of which is unknown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam"bur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>s&amacr;mbar</i>, <i>s&amacr;bar</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
East Indian deer (<i>Rusa Aristotelis</i>) having a mane on its neck.
Its antlers have but three prongs. Called also <i>gerow</i>. The name
is applied to other species of the genus <i>Rusa</i>, as the Bornean
sambur (<i>R. equina</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Same</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>same</i>, adv.;
akin to OS. <i>sama</i>, <i>samo</i>, adv., OHG. <i>sam</i>, a.,
<i>sama</i>, adv., Icel. <i>samr</i>, a., Sw. <i>samme</i>,
<i>samma</i>, Dan. <i>samme</i>, Goth. <i>sama</i>, Russ.
<i>samuii</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>sama</i>, Gr. &?; like, L.
<i>simul</i> at the same time, <i>similis</i> like, and E.
<i>some</i>, a., <i>-some</i>. &radic;191. Cf. <u>Anomalous</u>,
<u>Assemble</u>, <u>Homeopathy</u>, <u>Homily</u>, <u>Seem</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Semi-</u>, <u>Similar</u>, <u>Some</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not different or other; not another or others;
identical; unchanged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art the <i>same</i>, and thy years shall have no
end.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cii. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of like kind, species, sort, dimensions, or
the like; not differing in character or in the quality or qualities
compared; corresponding; not discordant; similar; like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ethereal vigor is in all the
<i>same</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Just mentioned, or just about to be
mentioned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What ye know, the <i>same</i> do I know.</blockquote>
<i>Job. xiii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Do but think how well the <i>same</i> he spends,<BR>
Who spends his blood his country to relieve.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Same</i> is commonly preceded by <i>the</i>, <i>this</i>,
or <i>that</i> and is often used substantively as in the citations
above. In a comparative use it is followed by <i>as</i> or
<i>with</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Bees like the <i>same</i> odors as we do.</blockquote>
<i>Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] held the <i>same</i> political opinions with his
illustrious friend.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Same"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sameness,
2.</def> [R.] <i>Bayne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Same"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being the same; identity; absence of difference;
near resemblance; correspondence; similarity; as, a <i>sameness</i> of
person, of manner, of sound, of appearance, and the like.</def> "A
<i>sameness</i> of the terms." <i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, want of variety; tedious
monotony.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Identity; identicalness; oneness.</p>

<p><hw>Sa*mette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Samite</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Samius</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the island of Samos.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fill high the cup with <i>Samian</i> wine.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Samian earth</b></col>, <cd>a species of clay from Samos,
formerly used in medicine as an astringent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa"mi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant
of Samos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"mi*el</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. <i>sam-
yeli</i>; Ar. <i>samm</i> poison + Turk. <i>yel</i> wind. Cf.
<u>Simoom</u>.] <def>A hot and destructive wind that sometimes blows,
in Turkey, from the desert. It is identical with the <i>simoom</i> of
Arabia and the <i>kamsin</i> of Syria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"mi*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>samiote</i>.] <def>Samian.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1273 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sa"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>samit</i>, LL.
<i>samitum</i>, <i>examitum</i>, from LGr. &?;, &?; woven with six
threads; Gr. &?; six + &?; a thread. See <u>Six</u>, and cf.
<u>Dimity</u>.] <def>A species of silk stuff, or taffeta, generally
interwoven with gold.</def> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In silken <i>samite</i> she was light
arrayed.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sam"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Salmonet</u>.]
<def>The parr.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam"mi*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A machine for
pressing the water from skins in tanning.</def> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*mo"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Samoan Islands (formerly called Navigators' Islands) in the
South Pacific Ocean, or their inhabitants.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of the Samoan
Islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"mo*var</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>samovar'</i>.] <def>A metal urn used in Russia for making tea. It
is filled with water, which is heated by charcoal placed in a pipe,
with chimney attached, which passes through the urn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam`oy*edes"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Samoyede</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>An
ignorant and degraded Turanian tribe which occupies a portion of
Northern Russia and a part of Siberia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Samp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From American Indian
<i>s&amacr;pac</i>, <i>saupac</i>, made soft, or thinned.] <def>An
article of food consisting of maize broken or bruised, which is cooked
by boiling, and usually eaten with milk; coarse hominy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sam"pan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
Chinese boat from twelve to fifteen feet long, covered with a house,
and sometimes used as a permanent habitation on the inland
waters.</def> [Written also <i>sanpan</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sam"phire</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. l'herbe
de <i>Saint Pierre</i>. See <u>Saint</u>, and <u>Petrel</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fleshy, suffrutescent,
umbelliferous European plant (<i>Crithmum maritimum</i>). It grows
among rocks and on cliffs along the seacoast, and is used for
pickles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hangs one that gathers <i>samphire</i>, dreadful
trade!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The species of glasswort (<i>Salicornia
herbacea</i>); -- called in England <i>marsh samphire</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A seashore shrub (<i>Borrichia
arborescens</i>) of the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Golden samphire</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Golden</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sam"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sample</i>,
<i>asaumple</i>, OF. <i>essample</i>, <i>example</i>, fr. L.
<i>exemplum</i>. See <u>Example</u>, and cf. <u>Ensample</u>,
<u>Sampler</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Example; pattern.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i> "A <i>sample</i> to the youngest."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus he concludes, and every hardy knight<BR>
His <i>sample</i> followed.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part of anything presented for
inspection, or shown as evidence of the quality of the whole; a
specimen; as, goods are often purchased by <i>samples</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I design this but for a <i>sample</i> of what I hope
more fully to discuss.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Specimen; example. See <u>Specimen</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sam"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make or show something similar to; to match.</def> <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take or to test a sample or samples of;
as, to <i>sample</i> sugar, teas, wools, cloths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sam"pler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Exampler</u>,
<u>Exemplar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who makes up samples for
inspection; one who examines samples, or by samples; as, a wool
<i>sampler</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pattern; a specimen; especially, a
collection of needlework patterns, as letters, borders, etc., to be
used as samples, or to display the skill of the worker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Susie dear, bring your <i>sampler</i> and Mrs. Schumann
will show you how to make that W you bothered over.</blockquote> <i>E.
E. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sam"shoo</hw>, <hw>Sam"shu</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Chinese <i>san-shao</i> thrice fired.] <def>A spirituous liquor
distilled by the Chinese from the yeasty liquor in which boiled rice
has fermented under pressure.</def> <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sam"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Israelite of
Bible record (see <i>Judges xiii.</i>), distinguished for his great
strength; hence, a man of extraordinary physical strength.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Samson post</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<cd>A strong post resting on the keelson, and supporting a beam of the
deck; also, a temporary or movable pillar carrying a leading block or
pulley for various purposes.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In deep-well boring, the post which supports
the walking beam of the apparatus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>San`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sanable; sanableness; curableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanabilis</i>,
fr. <i>sanare</i> to heal, fr. <i>sanus</i> sound, healthy. See
<u>Sane</u>.] <def>Capable of being healed or cured; susceptible of
remedy.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Remediable; curable; healable.</p>

<p><hw>San"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sanable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanatio</i>.
See <u>Sanable</u>.] <def>The act of healing or curing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>sanativus</i>.] <def>Having the power to cure or heal; healing;
tending to heal; sanatory.</def> -- <wf>San"a*tive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>San`a*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sanatory</u>.] <def>An establishment for the treatment of the sick;
a resort for invalids. See <u>Sanitarium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>sanatorius</i>, fr. L. <i>sanare</i> to heal. See <u>Sanable</u>.]
<def>Conducive to health; tending to cure; healing; curative;
sanative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sanatory</i> ordinances for the protection of public
health, such as quarantine, fever hospitals, draining,
etc.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sanatory</i> and <i>sanitary</i> should not be
confounded. <i>Sanatory</i> signifies <i>conducive to health</i>,
while <i>sanitary</i> has the more general meaning of <i>pertaining to
health</i>.</p>

<p><hw>||San`be*ni"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. &amp; Pg.
<i>sambenito</i>, contr. from L. <i>saccus</i> sack +
<i>benedictus</i> blessed.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anciently, a
sackcloth coat worn by penitents on being reconciled to the
church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A garnment or cap, or sometimes both,
painted with flames, figures, etc., and worn by persons who had been
examined by the Inquisition and were brought forth for punishment at
the auto-da-f&eacute;.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sance"-bell`</hw> (?), <hw>Sanc"te bell`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Sanctus bell</i>, under
<u>Sanctus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*fi*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanctificatus</i>, p. p. of <i>sanctificare</i>.] <def>To
sanctify.</def> [Obs.] <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanctificatio</i>: cf. F. <i>sanctification</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of sanctifying or making holy; the
state of being sanctified or made holy;</def> esp. <i>(Theol.)</i>,
<def>the act of God's grace by which the affections of men are
purified, or alienated from sin and the world, and exalted to a
supreme love to God; also, the state of being thus purified or
sanctified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation
through <i>sanctification</i> of the Spirit and belief of the
truth.</blockquote> <i>2 Thess. ii. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of consecrating, or of setting
apart for a sacred purpose; consecration.</def> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made holy;
also, made to have the air of sanctity; sanctimonious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sanctifies, or makes holy; specifically, the Holy Spirit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sanctified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sanctifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>sanctifier</i>, L.
<i>sanctificare</i>; <i>sanctus</i> holy + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.)
to make. See <u>Saint</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make sacred or holy; to set apart to a holy or religious use; to
consecrate by appropriate rites; to hallow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God blessed the seventh day and <i>sanctified</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses . . . <i>sanctified</i> Aaron and his
garments.</blockquote> <i>Lev. viii. 30.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make free from sin; to cleanse from
moral corruption and pollution; to purify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sanctify</i> them through thy truth.</blockquote>
<i>John xvii. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make efficient as the means of holiness;
to render productive of holiness or piety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A means which his mercy hath <i>sanctified</i> so to me
as to make me repent of that unjust act.</blockquote> <i>Eikon
Basilike.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To impart or impute sacredness,
venerableness, inviolability, title to reverence and respect, or the
like, to; to secure from violation; to give sanction to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The holy man, amazed at what he saw,<BR>
Made haste to <i>sanctify</i> the bliss by law.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Truth guards the poet, <i>sanctifies</i> the
line.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*fy`ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
manner or degree tending to sanctify or make holy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sanc*til"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanctus</i> holy + <i>loquens</i>, p. pr. of <i>loqui</i> to
speak.] <def>Discoursing on heavenly or holy things, or in a holy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sanc`ti*mo"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>sanctimonialis</i>. ] <def>Sanctimonious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sanc`ti*mo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sanctimony</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing sanctimony;
holy; sacred; saintly.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Making a show of sanctity; affecting
saintliness; hypocritically devout or pious.</def> "Like the
<i>sanctimonious</i> pirate." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sanc`ti*mo"ni*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sanc`ti*mo"ni*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanctimonia</i>, fr. <i>sanctus</i> holy: cf. OF.
<i>sanctimonie</i>. See <u>Saint</u>.] <def>Holiness; devoutness;
scrupulous austerity; sanctity; especially, outward or artificial
saintliness; assumed or pretended holiness; hypocritical
devoutness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her pretense is a pilgrimage; . . . which holy
undertaking with most austere <i>sanctimony</i> she
accomplished.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanctio</i>,
from <i>sancire</i>, <i>sanctum</i> to render sacred or inviolable, to
fix unalterably: cf. F. <i>sanction</i>. See <u>Saint</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Solemn or ceremonious ratification; an
official act of a superior by which he ratifies and gives validity to
the act of some other person or body; establishment or furtherance of
anything by giving authority to it; confirmation;
approbation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The strictest professors of reason have added the
<i>sanction</i> of their testimony.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything done or said to enforce the will,
law, or authority of another; as, legal <i>sanctions</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ratification; authorization; authority; countenance;
support.</p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sanctioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sanctioning</u>.] <def>To give sanction to; to ratify; to confirm;
to approve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Would have counseled, or even <i>sanctioned</i>, such
perilous experiments.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To ratify; confirm; authorize; countenance.</p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or giving, sanction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanctitudo</i>.] <def>Holiness; sacredness; sanctity.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"ti*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sanctities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sanctitas</i>, from
<i>sanctus</i> holy. See <u>Saint</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state or quality of being sacred or holy; holiness; saintliness; moral
purity; godliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>sanctity</i> she made no pretense, and, indeed,
narrowly escaped the imputation of irreligion.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sacredness; solemnity; inviolability;
religious binding force; as, the <i>sanctity</i> of an oath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A saint or holy being.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>About him all the <i>sanctities</i> of
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Holiness; godliness; piety; devotion; goodness;
purity; religiousness; sacredness; solemnity. See the Note under
<u>Religion</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tu*a*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
shelter by means of a sanctuary or sacred privileges.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sanctuaries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>seintuarie</i>, OF.
<i>saintuaire</i>, F. <i>sanctuaire</i>, fr. L. <i>sanctuarium</i>,
from <i>sanctus</i> sacred, holy. See <u>Saint</u>.] <def>A sacred
place; a consecrated spot; a holy and inviolable site.</def> Hence,
specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The most retired part of the
temple at Jerusalem, called the <i>Holy of Holies</i>, in which was
kept the ark of the covenant, and into which no person was permitted
to enter except the high priest, and he only once a year, to intercede
for the people; also, the most sacred part of the tabernacle; also,
the temple at Jerusalem.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The most sacred part of any religious building, esp. that part of
a Christian church in which the altar is placed.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A house consecrated to the worship of God; a
place where divine service is performed; a church, temple, or other
place of worship.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A sacred and
inviolable asylum; a place of refuge and protection; shelter; refuge;
protection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These laws, whoever made them, bestowed on temples the
privilege of <i>sanctuary.</i></blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The admirable works of painting were made fuel for the
fire; but some relics of it took <i>sanctuary</i> under ground, and
escaped the common destiny.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., p. p. of
<i>sancire</i> to consecrate.] <def>A sacred place; hence, a place of
retreat; a room reserved for personal use; as, an editor's
<i>sanctum</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Sanctum sanctorum</b></col> [L.], <cd>the Holy of Holies;
the most holy place, as in the Jewish temple.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sanc"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanctus</i>, p.
p. of <i>sancire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A part
of the Mass, or, in Protestant churches, a part of the communion
service, of which the first words in Latin are <i>Sanctus, sanctus,
sanctus</i> [Holy, holy, holy]; -- called also
<i>Tersanctus</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An anthem composed for these
words.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sanctus bell</b></col>, <cd>a small bell usually suspended
in a bell cot at the apex of the nave roof, over the chancel arch, in
medi&aelig;val churches, but a hand bell is now often used; -- so
called because rung at the singing of the <i>sanctus</i>, at the
conclusion of the ordinary of the Mass, and again at the elevation of
the host. Called also <i>Mass bell</i>, <i>sacring bell</i>,
<i>saints' bell</i>, <i>sance-bell</i>, <i>sancte bell</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sand</i>; akin to
D. <i>zand</i>, G. <i>sand</i>, OHG. <i>sant</i>, Icel. <i>sandr</i>,
Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>sand</i>, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fine
particles of stone, esp. of siliceous stone, but not reduced to dust;
comminuted stone in the form of loose grains, which are not coherent
when wet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That finer matter, called <i>sand</i>, is no other than
very small pebbles.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A single particle of such stone.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The sand in the hourglass; hence, a moment
or interval of time; the term or extent of one's life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sands</i> are numbered that make up my
life.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Tracts of land consisting of
sand, like the deserts of Arabia and Africa; also, extensive tracts of
sand exposed by the ebb of the tide.</def> "The Libyan <i>sands</i>."
<i>Milton.</i> "The <i>sands</i> o' Dee." <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Courage; pluck; grit.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Sand badger</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Japanese
badger (<i>Meles ankuma</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Sand bag</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A bag filled with sand or earth, used for
various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by
assassins.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand ball</b></col>, <cd>soap mixed with
sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
bath</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>A vessel of hot
sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are
partially immersed</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A bath in which the
body is immersed in hot sand.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand bed</b></col>,
<cd>a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or
artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten
metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand birds</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a collective
name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers,
plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also <i>shore
birds</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand blast</b></col>, <cd>a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand box</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with
sand</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand-box tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
tropical American tree (<i>Hura crepitans</i>). Its fruit is a
depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts
with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Regma</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an American anomuran crustacean (<i>Hippa talpoidea</i>) which
burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Anomura</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
canal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tubular vessel having a
calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the
madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand cock</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
redshank.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Sand collar</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Sand saucer</i>, below.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand crab</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The lady crab.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A land crab, or
ocypodian.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand crack</b></col> <i>(Far.)</i>, <cd>a
crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's
hoof, which often causes lameness.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
cricket</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species
of large terrestrial crickets of the genus <i>Stenophelmatus</i> and
allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United
States.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand cusk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any ophidioid fish. See <u>Illust.</u> under
<u>Ophidioid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand dab</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small American flounder (<i>Limanda
ferruginea</i>); -- called also <i>rusty dab</i>. The name is also
applied locally to other allied species.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
darter</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small etheostomoid fish of
the Ohio valley (<i>Ammocrypta pellucida</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
dollar</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species
of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms,
especially <i>Echinarachnius parma</i> of the American coast.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand drift</b></col>, <cd>drifting sand; also, a mound or bank
of drifted sand.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand eel</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A lant, or launce</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus
<i>Gonorhynchus</i>, having barbels about the mouth.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand flag</b></col>, <cd>sandstone which splits up into
flagstones.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand flea</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds
in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The chigoe</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See <i>Beach
flea</i>, under <u>Beach</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand flood</b></col>,
<cd>a vast body of sand borne along by the wind.</cd> <i>James
Bruce.</i> -- <col><b>Sand fluke</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The sandnecker</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The European smooth dab (<i>Pleuronectes microcephalus</i>); --
called also <i>kitt</i>, <i>marysole</i>, <i>smear dab</i>, <i>town
dab</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus
<i>Simulium</i>, abounding on sandy shores, especially <i>Simulium
nocivum</i> of the United States. They are very troublesome on account
of their biting habits. Called also <i>no-see-um</i>, <i>punky</i>,
and <i>midge</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand gall</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Sand pipe</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand grass</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any species of grass which grows in sand;
especially, a tufted grass (<i>Triplasis purpurea</i>) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast.</cd> <! p. 1274 pr=PCP !> -- <col><b>Sand grouse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of many species of Old World birds
belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and
pigeons. Called also <i>rock grouse</i>, <i>rock pigeon</i>, and
<i>ganga</i>. They mostly belong to the genus <i>Pterocles</i>, as the
common Indian species (<i>P. exustus</i>). The large sand grouse
(<i>P. arenarius</i>), the painted sand grouse (<i>P. fasciatus</i>),
and the pintail sand grouse (<i>P. alchata</i>) are also found in
India. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Pterocletes</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand hill</b></col>, <cd>a hill of sand; a dune.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand-hill crane</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
American brown crane (<i>Grus Mexicana</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
hopper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a beach flea; an
orchestian.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand hornet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a sand wasp.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand lark</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small lark (<i>Alaudala
raytal</i>), native of India</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A small
sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common
European sandpiper</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The Australian red-
capped dotterel (<i>&AElig;gialophilus ruficapillus</i>); -- called
also <i>red-necked plover</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand launce</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a lant, or launce.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
lizard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common European lizard
(<i>Lacerta agilis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Sand martin</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the bank swallow.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
mole</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the coast rat.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand monitor</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
Egyptian lizard (<i>Monitor arenarius</i>) which inhabits dry
localities.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the dunlin.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Sand myrtle</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Myrtle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
partridge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>either of two small
Asiatic partridges of the genus <i>Ammoperdix</i>. The wings are long
and the tarsus is spurless. One species (<i>A. Heeji</i>) inhabits
Palestine and Arabia. The other species (<i>A. Bonhami</i>),
inhabiting Central Asia, is called also <i>seesee partridge</i>, and
<i>teehoo</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand picture</b></col>, <cd>a picture
made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sand pike</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The sauger</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
lizard fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand pillar</b></col>, <cd>a sand storm
which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert
tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
pipe</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a tubular cavity, from a few inches
to several feet in depth, occurring especially in calcareous rocks,
and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also <i>sand
gall</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand pride</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a small British lamprey now considered to be the young of larger
species; -- called also <i>sand prey</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
pump</b></col>, <cd>in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket
with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the pocket
gopher.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand rock</b></col>, <cd>a rock made of
cemented sand.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand runner</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the turnstone.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
saucer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the mass of egg capsules, or
o&ouml;thec&aelig;, of any mollusk of the genus <i>Natica</i> and
allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated
with fine sand; -- called also <i>sand collar</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand screw</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an amphipod
crustacean (<i>Lepidactylis arenarius</i>), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand shark</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American shark (<i>Odontaspis
littoralis</i>) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United
States; -- called also <i>gray shark</i>, and <i>dogfish shark</i>.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Remora</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
skink</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of
Old World lizards belonging to the genus <i>Seps</i>; as, the
ocellated <i>sand skink</i> (<i>Seps ocellatus</i>) of Southern
Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand skipper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a beach flea, or orchestian.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand smelt</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a silverside.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
snake</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one
of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus
<i>Eryx</i>, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially
<i>E. jaculus</i> of India and <i>E. Johnii</i>, used by snake
charmers.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus <i>Psammophis</i>, especially <i>P.
sibilans</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand snipe</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the sandpiper.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
star</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an ophiurioid starfish living
on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand
storm</b></col>, <cd>a cloud of sand driven violently by the
wind.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand sucker</b></col>, <cd>the sandnecker.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sand swallow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the bank
swallow. See under <u>Bank</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand tube</b></col>,
<cd>a tube made of sand.</cd> Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a
fulgurite</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Any tube
made of cemented sand.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall,
which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate.</cd> --
<col><b>Sand viper</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Hognose
snake</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sand wasp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to
the families <i>Pompilid&aelig;</i> and <i>Spherid&aelig;</i>, which
dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or
spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for
her young.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sand</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sanded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sanding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle or cover with
sand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive upon the sand.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bury (oysters) beneath drifting sand or
mud.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mix with sand for purposes of fraud; as,
to <i>sand</i> sugar.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p> </p>

<p><hw>San"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sendal</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sails of silk and ropes of <i>sandal</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"dal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sandalwood.</def> "Fans
of <i>sandal</i>." <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"dal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sandale</i>, L.
<i>sandalium</i>, Gr. &?;, dim. of &?;, probably from Per.
<i>sandal</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of shoe consisting of
a sole strapped to the foot; a protection for the foot, covering its
lower surface, but not its upper.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
kind of slipper.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An overshoe with
parallel openings across the instep.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"daled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearing sandals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The measured footfalls of his <i>sandaled</i>
feet.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made like a sandal.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*dal"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sandal</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Shaped like a sandal or
slipper.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"dal*wood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sandal</i>,
<i>santal</i>, fr. Ar. <i>&ccedil;andal</i>, or Gr.
<grk>sa`ntalon</grk>; both ultimately fr. Skr. <i>candana</i>. Cf.
<u>Sanders</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The highly
perfumed yellowish heartwood of an East Indian and Polynesian tree
(<i>Santalum album</i>), and of several other trees of the same genus,
as the Hawaiian <i>Santalum Freycinetianum</i> and <i>S.
pyrularium</i>, the Australian <i>S. latifolium</i>, etc. The name is
extended to several other kinds of fragrant wood.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any tree of the genus <i>Santalum</i>, or a
tree which yields sandalwood.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The red
wood of a kind of buckthorn, used in Russia for dyeing leather
(<i>Rhamnus Dahuricus</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>False sandalwood</b></col>, <cd>the fragrant wood of
several trees not of the genus <i>Santalum</i>, as <i>Ximenia
Americana</i>, <i>Myoporum tenuifolium</i> of Tahiti.</cd> --
<col><b>Red sandalwood</b></col>, <cd>a heavy, dark red dyewood, being
the heartwood of two leguminous trees of India (<i>Pterocarpus
santalinus</i>, and <i>Adenanthera pavonina</i>); -- called also
<i>red sanderswood</i>, <i>sanders</i> or <i>saunders</i>, and
<i>rubywood</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>San"da*rach</hw>, <hw>San"da*rac</hw> }, (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sandaraca</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Realgar; red sulphide of
arsenic.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. Chem.)</i> <def>A white or yellow resin
obtained from a Barbary tree (<i>Callitris quadrivalvis</i> or
<i>Thuya articulata</i>), and pulverized for pounce; -- probably so
called from a resemblance to the mineral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"bag`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assaulter
whose weapon is a sand bag. See <i>Sand bag</i>, under
<u>Sand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"-blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>sam
blind</i> half blind; AS. <i>s&amacr;m-</i> half (akin to <i>semi-
</i>) + <i>blind</i>.] <def>Having defective sight; dim-sighted;
purblind.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sand"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered or sprinkled with sand; sandy; barren.</def>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Marked with small spots; variegated with
spots; speckled; of a sandy color, as a hound.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Short-sighted.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>San`de*ma"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of Robert <i>Sandeman</i>, a Scotch sectary
of the eighteenth century. See <u>Glassite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`de*ma"ni*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
faith or system of the Sandemanians.</def> <i>A. Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"der*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sand</i> + <i>-
ling</i>. So called because it obtains its food by searching the moist
sands of the seashore.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small gray and
brown sandpiper (<i>Calidris arenaria</i>) very common on sandy
beaches in America, Europe, and Asia. Called also <i>curwillet</i>,
<i>sand lark</i>, <i>stint</i>, and <i>ruddy plover</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"ders</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sandal</u>.]
<def>An old name of sandalwood, now applied only to the red
sandalwood. See under <u>Sandalwood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"ders-blue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saunders-blue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"de*ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sandiver</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sand"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small marine fish of the Pacific coast of North America
(<i>Trichodon trichodon</i>) which buries itself in the
sand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"glass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
for measuring time by the running of sand. See
<u>Hourglass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"hill`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nickname
given to any "poor white" living in the pine woods which cover the
sandy hills in Georgia and South Carolina.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sand"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sandy, or of being of a sandy color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Approaching the nature
of sand; loose; not compact.</def> [Obs.] <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"di*ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. fr. OF.
<i>sa&iuml;n</i> grease, fat + <i>de</i> of + <i>verre</i> glass (cf.
<u>Saim</u>), or fr. F. <i>sel de verre</i> sandiver.] <def>A whitish
substance which is cast up, as a scum, from the materials of glass in
fusion, and, floating on the top, is skimmed off; -- called also
<i>glass gall</i>.</def> [Formerly written also <i>sandever</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||San"dix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sandix</i>,
<i>sandyx</i>, vermilion, or a color like vermilion, Gr. &?;, &?;.]
<def>A kind of minium, or red lead, made by calcining carbonate of
lead, but inferior to true minium.</def> [Written also <i>sandyx</i>.]
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sand"man`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mythical person
who makes children sleepy, so that they rub their eyes as if there
were sand in them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"neck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A European flounder (<i>Hippoglossoides limandoides</i>); --
called also <i>rough dab</i>, <i>long fluke</i>, <i>sand fluke</i>,
and <i>sand sucker</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"pa`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Paper covered
on one side with sand glued fast, -- used for smoothing and
polishing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"pa`per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To smooth or
polish with sandpaper; as, to <i>sandpaper</i> a door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"pi`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of small
limicoline game birds belonging to <i>Tringa</i>, <i>Actodromas</i>,
<i>Ereunetes</i>, and various allied genera of the family
<i>Tringid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The most important North American species are the pectoral
sandpiper (<i>Tringa maculata</i>), called also <i>brownback</i>,
<i>grass snipe</i>, and <i>jacksnipe</i>; the red-backed, or black-
breasted, sandpiper, or dunlin (<i>T. alpina</i>); the purple
sandpiper (<i>T. maritima</i>: the red-breasted sandpiper, or knot
(<i>T. canutus</i>); the semipalmated sandpiper (<i>Ereunetes
pusillus</i>); the spotted sandpiper, or teeter-tail (<i>Actitis
macularia</i>); the buff-breasted sandpiper (<i>Tryngites
subruficollis</i>), and the Bartramian sandpiper, or upland plover.
See under <u>Upland</u>. Among the European species are the dunlin,
the knot, the ruff, the sanderling, and the common sandpiper
(<i>Actitis, or Tringoides, hypoleucus</i>), called also
<i>fiddler</i>, <i>peeper</i>, <i>pleeps</i>, <i>weet-weet</i>, and
<i>summer snipe</i>. Some of the small plovers and tattlers are also
called <i>sandpipers</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small lamprey eel;
the pride.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Curlew sandpiper</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Curlew</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stilt sandpiper</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Stilt</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sand"pit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pit or
excavation from which sand is or has been taken.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"dre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A Russian fish (<i>Lucioperca sandre</i>) which yields a valuable
oil, called <i>sandre oil</i>, used in the preparation of
caviare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rock made of
sand more or less firmly united. Common or siliceous sandstone
consists mainly of quartz sand.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Different names are applied to the various kinds of
sandstone according to their composition; as, <i>granitic</i>,
<i>argillaceous</i>, <i>micaceous</i>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Flexible sandstone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>the finer-
grained variety of itacolumite, which on account of the scales of mica
in the lamination is quite flexible.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
sandstone</b></col>, <cd>a name given to two extensive series of
British rocks in which red sandstones predominate, one below, and the
other above, the coal measures. These were formerly known as the
<i>Old</i> and the <i>New Red Sandstone</i> respectively, and the
former name is still retained for the group preceding the Coal and
referred to the Devonian age, but the term <i>New Red Sandstone</i> is
now little used, some of the strata being regarded as Permian and the
remained as Triassic. See the <i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sand"wich</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named from the
Earl of <i>Sandwich</i>.] <def>Two pieces of bread and butter with a
thin slice of meat, cheese, or the like, between them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"wich</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sandwiched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sandwiching</u>.] <def>To make into a sandwich; also, figuratively,
to insert between portions of something dissimilar; to form of
alternate parts or things, or alternating layers of a different
nature; to interlard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of numerous species of annelids which
burrow in the sand of the seashore.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
species of annelids of the genus <i>Sabellaria</i>. They construct
firm tubes of agglutinated sand on rocks and shells, and are sometimes
destructive to oysters.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The chigoe, a
species of flea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus <i>Arenaria</i>, low, tufted herbs (order
<i>Caryophyllace&aelig;</i>.)</def> </p>

<p><hw>Sand"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sandier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sandiest</u>.] [AS. <i>sandig</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, abounding with, or resembling,
sand; full of sand; covered or sprinkled with sand; as, a <i>sandy</i>
desert, road, or soil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the color of sand; of a light yellowish
red color; as, <i>sandy</i> hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>||San"dyx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Sandix</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanus</i>; cf. Gr.
&?;, &?;, safe, sound. Cf. <u>Sound</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being in a healthy condition; not deranged;
acting rationally; -- said of the mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mentally sound; possessing a rational mind;
having the mental faculties in such condition as to be able to
anticipate and judge of the effect of one's actions in an ordinary
maner; -- said of persons.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sound; healthy; underanged; unbroken.</p>

<p><hw>Sane"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
sane; sanity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sang</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sing</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||San"ga</hw> (?), <hw>San"gu</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Abyssinian ox
(<i>Bos or Bibos, Africanus</i>), noted for the great length of its
horns. It has a hump on its back.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`ga*ree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>sangria</i>,
lit., bleeding, from <i>sangre</i>, blood, L. <i>sanguis</i>.]
<def>Wine and water sweetened and spiced, -- a favorite West Indian
drink.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sang`-froid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., cold blood.]
<def>Freedom from agitation or excitement of mind; coolness in trying
circumstances; indifference; calmness.</def> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"gi*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sanjak</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>San`graal"</hw> (?), <hw>San"gre*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Saint</u>, and <u>Grail</u>.] <def>See
<i>Holy Grail</i>, under <u>Grail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguis</i> blood + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Conveying blood; as, <i>sanguiferous</i> vessels, <i>i. e.</i>,
the arteries, veins, capillaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`gui*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sanguification</i>. See <u>Sanguify</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The production of blood; the conversion of the products of
digestion into blood; hematosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A producer of
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guif"lu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguis</i> blood + <i>fluere</i> to flow.] <def>Flowing or running
with blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanguis</i>
blood + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>sanguifier</i>.] <def>To produce blood
from.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguis</i> + <i>-genous</i>.] <def>Producing blood; as,
<i>sanguigenous</i> food.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`gui*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Of a
blood-red color; sanguine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||San`gui*na"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sanguinary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants of the Poppy
family.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sanguinaria Canadensis</i>, or bloodroot, is the only
species. It has a perennial rootstock, which sends up a few roundish
lobed leaves and solitary white blossoms in early spring. See
<u>Bloodroot</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The rootstock of the bloodroot, used in
medicine as an emetic, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*na*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sanguinary manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*na*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sanguinary.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguinarius</i>, fr. <i>sanguis</i> blood: cf. F.
<i>sanguinaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Attended with much
bloodshed; bloody; murderous; as, a <i>sanguinary</i> war, contest, or
battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We may not propagate religion by wars, or by
<i>sanguinary</i> persecutions to force consciences.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bloodthirsty; cruel; eager to shed
blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Passion . . . makes us brutal and
<i>sanguinary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bloody; murderous; bloodthirsty; cruel.</p>

<p><hw>San"gui*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>herba
sanguinaria</i> an herb that stanches blood: cf. F.
<i>sanguinaire</i>. See <u>Sanguinary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The yarrow.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The Sanguinaria.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1275 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>San"guine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sanguin</i>, L.
<i>sanguineus</i>, fr. <i>sanguis</i> blood. Cf. <u>Sanguineous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the color of blood; red.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of his complexion he was <i>sanguine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like to that <i>sanguine</i> flower inscribed with
woe.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by abundance and active
circulation of blood; as, a <i>sanguine</i> bodily
temperament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Warm; ardent; as, a <i>sanguine</i>
temper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anticipating the best; not desponding;
confident; full of hope; as, <i>sanguine</i> of success.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Warm; ardent; lively; confident; hopeful.</p>

<p><hw>San"guine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Blood color; red.</def> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything of a blood-red color, as
cloth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>sanguine</i> and in pes he clad was
all.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Bloodstone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Red crayon. See the Note under
<u>Crayon</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"guine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stain with
blood; to impart the color of blood to; to ensanguine.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"guine*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
blood; pale.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>San"guine*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sanguine
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not speculate quite so <i>sanguinely</i> as he
does.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"guine*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sanguine.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guin"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguineus</i>. See <u>Sanguine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with blood; sanguine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to blood; bloody;
constituting blood.</def> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Blood-red; crimson.</def> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>san*guin"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sanguine; sanguineness.</def> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*niv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguis + vorare</i> to devour.] <def>Subsisting on
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guin"o*len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being sanguinolent, or bloody.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guin"o*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguinolentus</i>, from <i>sanguis</i> blood: cf. F.
<i>sanguinolent</i>.] <def>Tinged or mingled with blood; bloody; as,
<i>sanguinolent</i> sputa.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"gui*suge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguisuga</i>; <i>sanguis</i> blood + <i>sugere</i> to suck.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bloodsucker, or leech.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*guiv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sanguis</i> blood + <i>vorare</i> to devour.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Subsisting upon blood; -- said of certain blood-sucking bats and
other animals. See <u>Vampire</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>San"he*drin</hw> (?), <hw>San"he*drim</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>sanhedr&imacr;n</i>, fr. Gr. &?;; &?;
with + &?; a seat, fr. &?; to sit. See <u>Sit</u>.] <i>(Jewish
Antiq.)</i> <def>the great council of the Jews, which consisted of
seventy members, to whom the high priest was added. It had
jurisdiction of religious matters.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"he*drist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of
the sanhedrin.</def> <i>Schaeffer (Lange's Com.).</i></p>

<p><hw>||San"hi*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>samhita</i>, properly, combination.] <def>A collection of vedic
hymns, songs, or verses, forming the first part of each
Veda.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>sanare</i> to heal.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the
umbelliferous genus <i>Sanicula</i>, reputed to have healing
powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. &?;, a
board. So called in allusion to the tabular crystals.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A variety of orthoclase feldspar common in certain eruptive
rocks, as trachyte; -- called also <i>glassy feldspar</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"ni*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A thin, serous fluid commonly discharged from ulcers or foul
wounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saniosus</i>,
fr. <i>sanies</i>: cf. F. <i>sanieux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to sanies, or partaking of its nature
and appearance; thin and serous, with a slight bloody tinge; as, the
<i>sanious</i> matter of an ulcer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(med.)</i> <def>Discharging sanies; as, a
<i>sanious</i> ulcer.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`i*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to health, or the laws of health; sanitary.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`i*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate of
sanitary measures; one especially interested or versed in sanitary
measures.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"i*ta*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sanitarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`i*ta"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sanitary</u>.] <def>A health station or retreat; a
sanatorium.</def> "A <i>sanitarium</i> for troops." <i>L.
Oliphant.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"i*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanitas</i>
health: cf. F. <i>sanitaire</i>. See <u>Sanity</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to health; designed to secure or preserve health; relating
to the preservation or restoration of health; hygienic; as,
<i>sanitary</i> regulations. See the Note under
<u>Sanatory</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sanitary Commission</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Commission</u>.</cd> </p>

<p><hw>San`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
rendering sanitary; the science of sanitary conditions; the
preservation of health; the use of sanitary measures;
hygiene.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How much <i>sanitation</i> has advanced during the last
half century.</blockquote> <i>H. Hartshorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sanitas</i>,
from <i>sanus</i> sound, healthy. See <u>Sane</u>.] <def>The condition
or quality of being sane; soundness of health of body or mind,
especially of the mind; saneness.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"jak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>sanj&amacr;g</i>.] <def>A district or a subvision of a
vilayet.</def> [Turkey]</p>

<p><hw>Sank</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sank"ha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>&ccedil;ankha</i> a shell.] <def>A chank shell (<i>Turbinella
pyrum</i>); also, a shell bracelet or necklace made in India from the
chank shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sankh"ya</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Hindoo system
of philosophy which refers all things to soul and a rootless germ
called <i>prakriti</i>, consisting of three elements, goodness,
passion, and darkness.</def> <i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"nop</hw> (s&abreve;n"n&obreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Sannup</u>.</def> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"nup</hw> (-n&ubreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A male
Indian; a brave; -- correlative of <i>squaw</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The sandpiper.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sans</hw> (s&auml;n; E. s&abreve;nz), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>
[F., from L. <i>sine</i> without.] <def>Without; deprived or destitute
of. Rarely used as an English word.</def> "<i>Sans</i> fail."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sans</i> teeth, <i>sans</i> eyes, <i>sans</i> taste,
<i>sans</i> everything.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>San"scrit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sanskrit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sans`-cu`lotte"</hw> (F. &?;; E. &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., without breeches.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fellow without
breeches; a ragged fellow; -- a name of reproach given in the first
French revolution to the extreme republican party, who rejected
breeches as an emblem peculiar to the upper classes or aristocracy,
and adopted pantaloons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, an extreme or radical republican; a
violent revolutionist; a Jacobin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sans`-cu*lot"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or involving, sans-culottism; radical; revolutionary;
Jacobinical.</def> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sans`-cu*lot"tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sans-
culottisme</i>.] <def>Extreme republican principles; the principles or
practice of the <i>sans-culottes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"skrit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>Samsk&rsdot;ta</i> the Sanskrit language, literally, the perfect,
polished, or classical language, fr. <i>samsk&rsdot;ta</i> prepared,
wrought, made, excellent, perfect; <i>sam</i> together (akin to E.
<i>same</i>) + <i>k&rsdot;ta</i> made. See <u>Same</u>,
<u>Create</u>.] [Written also <i>Sanscrit</i>.] <def>The ancient
language of the Hindoos, long since obsolete in vernacular use, but
preserved to the present day as the literary and sacred dialect of
India. It is nearly allied to the Persian, and to the principal
languages of Europe, classical and modern, and by its more perfect
preservation of the roots and forms of the primitive language from
which they are all descended, is a most important assistance in
determining their history and relations. Cf. <u>Prakrit</u>, and
<u>Veda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"skrit</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Sanskrit; written in Sanskrit; as, a <i>Sanskrit</i> dictionary or
inscription.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*skrit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sanskrit.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"skrit*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
Sanskrit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sans`-sou`ci"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Without care; free and easy.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sant</i>alum +
piperon<i>al</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless crystalline
substance, isomeric with piperonal, but having weak acid properties.
It is extracted from sandalwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`ta*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants
(<i>Santalace&aelig;</i>), of which the genus <i>Santalum</i> is the
type, and which includes the buffalo nut and a few other North
American plants, and many peculiar plants of the southern
hemisphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*tal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, sandalwood
(<i>Santalum</i>); -- used specifically to designate an acid obtained
as a resinous or red crystalline dyestuff, which is called also
<i>santalin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"ta*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>santaline</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Santalic acid. See
<u>Santalic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||San"ta*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sandalwood</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees with entire
opposite leaves and small apetalous flowers. There are less than a
dozen species, occurring from India to Australia and the Pacific
Islands. See <u>Sandalwood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`tees"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Santee</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of the
seven confederated tribes of Indians belonging to the Sioux, or
Dakotas.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Saunter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||San"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>santon</i>,
augmented fr. <i>santo</i> holy, L. <i>sanctus</i>.] <def>A Turkish
saint; a kind of dervish, regarded by the people as a saint: also, a
hermit.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"to*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of santonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>San*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid (distinct from
santoninic acid) obtained from santonin as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"to*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>herba
santonica</i>, a kind of plant, fr. <i>Santoni</i> a people of
Aquitania; cf. Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>santonine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white crystalline substance having a bitter taste, extracted
from the buds of levant wormseed and used as an anthelmintic. It
occassions a peculiar temporary color blindness, causing objects to
appear as if seen through a yellow glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"to*nin`ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of santoninic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>San`to*nin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to santonin; -- used specifically to designate
an acid not known in the free state, but obtained in its
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any marine annelid of the genus <i>Hyalin&aelig;cia</i>,
especially <i>H. tubicola</i> of Europe, which inhabits a transparent
movable tube resembling a quill in color and texture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&aelig;p</i>; akin
to OHG. <i>saf</i>, G. <i>saft</i>, Icel. <i>safi</i>; of uncertain
origin; possibly akin to L. <i>sapere</i> to taste, to be wise,
<i>sapa</i> must or new wine boiled thick. Cf. <u>Sapid</u>,
<u>Sapient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The juice of plants of any
kind, especially the ascending and descending juices or circulating
fluid essential to nutrition.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ascending is the <i>crude</i> sap, the assimilation of
which takes place in the leaves, when it becomes the <i>elaborated</i>
sap suited to the growth of the plant.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sapwood, or alburnum, of a
tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A simpleton; a saphead; a milksop.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Sap ball</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any large fungus of
the genus Polyporus. See <u>Polyporus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sap
green</b></col>, <cd>a dull light green pigment prepared from the
juice of the ripe berries of the <i>Rhamnus catharticus</i>, or
buckthorn. It is used especially by water-color artists.</cd> --
<col><b>Sap rot</b></col>, <cd>the dry rot. See under <u>Dry</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sap sucker</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of small American woodpeckers of the genus
<i>Sphyrapicus</i>, especially the yellow-bellied woodpecker (<i>S.
varius</i>) of the Eastern United States. They are so named because
they puncture the bark of trees and feed upon the sap. The name is
loosely applied to other woodpeckers.</cd> -- <col><b>Sap
tube</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a vessel that conveys sap.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sapping</u>.] [F. <i>saper</i> (cf. Sp. <i>zapar</i>, It.
<i>zapare</i>), fr. <i>sape</i> a sort of scythe, LL. <i>sappa</i> a
sort of mattock.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To subvert by digging or
wearing away; to mine; to undermine; to destroy the foundation
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor safe their dwellings were, for <i>sapped</i> by
floods,<BR>
Their houses fell upon their household gods.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To pierce with
saps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make unstable or infirm; to unsettle; to
weaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ring out the grief that <i>saps</i> the
mind.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To proceed by
mining, or by secretly undermining; to execute saps.</def> <i>W. P.
Craighill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Both assaults are carried on by
<i>sapping</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A narrow
ditch or trench made from the foremost parallel toward the glacis or
covert way of a besieged place by digging under cover of gabions,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sap fagot</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a fascine about
three feet long, used in sapping, to close the crevices between the
gabions before the parapet is made.</cd> -- <col><b>Sap
roller</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a large gabion, six or seven feet
long, filled with fascines, which the sapper sometimes rolls along
before him for protection from the fire of an enemy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sap`a*dil"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sapodila</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"a*jo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The sapajou.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"a*jou</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sapajou</i>,
<i>sajou</i>, Braz. <i>sajuassu</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one
of several species of South American monkeys of the genus
<i>Cebus</i>, having long and prehensile tails. Some of the species
are called also <i>capuchins</i>. The bonnet sapajou (<i>C.
subcristatus</i>), the golden-handed sapajou (<i>C. chrysopus</i>),
and the white-throated sapajou (<i>C. hypoleucus</i>) are well known
species. See <u>Capuchin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pan" wood</hw> (?). [Malay <i>sapang</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A dyewood yielded by <i>C&aelig;salpinia Sappan</i>, a thorny
leguminous tree of Southern Asia and the neighboring islands. It is
the original Brazil wood.</def> [Written also <i>sappan wood</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sap"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in sap;
sappy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A weak-minded,
stupid fellow; a milksop.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*phe"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; manifest.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Manifest; -- applied to the
two principal superficial veins of the lower limb of man.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the
saphenous veins; as, the <i>saphenous</i> nerves; the <i>saphenous</i>
opening, an opening in the broad fascia of the thigh through which the
internal saphenous vein passes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sapidus</i>, fr.
<i>sapere</i> to taste: cf. F. <i>sapide</i>. See <u>Sapient</u>,
<u>Savor</u>.] <def>Having the power of affecting the organs of taste;
possessing savor, or flavor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Camels, to make the water <i>sapid</i>, do raise the
mud with their feet.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sapidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being sapid;
taste; savor; savoriness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether one kind of <i>sapidity</i> is more effective
than another.</blockquote> <i>M. S. Lamson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
sapid; sapidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the Israelites fancied the <i>sapidness</i> and
relish of the fleshpots, they longed to taste and to
return.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"pi*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sapientia</i>:
cf. F. <i>sapience</i>. See <u>Sapient</u>..] <def>The quality of
being sapient; wisdom; sageness; knowledge.</def> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Woman, if I might sit beside your feet,<BR>
And glean your scattered <i>sapience</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"pi*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sapiens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sapere</i> to taste, to have sense, to
know. See <u>Sage</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Wise; sage;
discerning; -- often in irony or contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the <i>sapient</i> king<BR>
Held dalliance with his fair Egyptian spouse.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sage; sagacious; knowing; wise; discerning.</p>

<p><hw>Sa`pi*en"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sapientialis</i>.] <def>Having or affording wisdom.</def> --
<wf>Sa`pi*en"tial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sapiential</i> books of the Old
[Testament].</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa`pi*en"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sapiential.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"pi*ent*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
sapient.</def> [R.] <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"pi*ent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sapient
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap`in*da"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to an order of trees and shrubs
(<i>Sapindace&aelig;</i>), including the (typical) genus Sapindus, the
maples, the margosa, and about seventy other genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*pin"dus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sapo</i> soap + <i>Indicus</i> Indian.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of tropical and subtropical trees with pinnate leaves and panicled
flowers. The fruits of some species are used instead of soap, and
their round black seeds are made into necklaces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of sap; not juicy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Dry; old; husky; withered;
spiritless.</def> "A somewhat <i>sapless</i> womanhood."
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>sapless</i> on the verge of death he
stands.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>sap"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young
tree.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap`o*dil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>zapote</i>,
<i>sapotillo</i>, <i>zapotillo</i>, Mexican <i>cochit-zapotl</i>. Cf.
<u>Sapota</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tall, evergeen, tropical American
tree (<i>Achras Sapota</i>); also, its edible fruit, the sapodilla
plum.</def> [Written also <i>sapadillo</i>, <i>sappadillo</i>,
<i>sappodilla</i>, and <i>zapotilla</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sapodilla plum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the fruit of
<i>Achras Sapota</i>. It is about the size of an ordinary quince,
having a rough, brittle, dull brown rind, the flesh being of a dirty
yellowish white color, very soft, and deliciously sweet. Called also
<i>naseberry</i>. It is eatable only when it begins to be spotted, and
is much used in desserts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pog"e*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sapo</i>nin +
<i>-gen</i> + <i>-in</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline
substance obtained by the decomposition of saponin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap`o*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sapo</i>,
<i>-onis</i>, soap, of Teutonic origin, and akin to E. <i>soap</i>.
See <u>Soap</u>.] <def>Resembling soap; having the qualities of soap;
soapy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Saponaceous</i> bodies are compounds of an acid and a
base, and are in reality a kind of salt.</p>

<p><! p. 1276 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sap`o*nac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being saponaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"o*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Saponaceous.</def> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pon*i*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of conversion into soap; as, a <i>saponifiable</i>
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pon`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>saponification</i>. See <u>Saponify</u>.] <def>The act, process, or
result, of soap making; conversion into soap; specifically
<i>(Chem.)</i>, the decomposition of fats and other ethereal salts by
alkalies; as, the <i>saponification</i> of ethyl acetate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pon"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>That which saponifies; any reagent used to cause
saponification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*pon"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Saponified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Saponifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>sapo</i>, <i>-onis</i>,
soap + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>saponifier</i>.] <def>To convert into
soap, as tallow or any fat; hence <i>(Chem.)</i>, to subject to any
similar process, as that which ethereal salts undergo in
decomposition; as, to <i>saponify</i> ethyl acetate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"o*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sapo</i>, <i>-
onis</i> soap: cf. F. <i>saponine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
poisonous glucoside found in many plants, as in the root of soapwort
(<i>Saponaria</i>), in the bark of soap bark (<i>Quillaia</i>), etc.
It is extracted as a white amorphous powder, which occasions a soapy
lather in solution, and produces a local an&aelig;sthesia. Formerly
called also <i>struthiin</i>, <i>quillaiin</i>, <i>senegin</i>,
<i>polygalic acid</i>, etc. By extension, any one of a group of
related bodies of which saponin proper is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"o*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw. <i>saponit</i>,
fr. L. <i>sapo</i>, <i>-onis</i>, soap.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous
silicate of magnesia and alumina. It occurs in soft, soapy, amorphous
masses, filling veins in serpentine and cavities in trap
rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"o*nul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>saponule</i>,
fr. L. <i>sapo</i>, <i>-onis</i>, soap.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A
soapy mixture obtained by treating an essential oil with an alkali;
hence, any similar compound of an essential oil.</def> [Written also
<i>saponule</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sa"por</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Savor</u>.]
<def>Power of affecting the organs of taste; savor; flavor;
taste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is some <i>sapor</i> in all
aliments.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap`o*rif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sapor</i>
taste + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Having the power to produce the
sensation of taste; producing taste, flavor, or relish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap`o*ros"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of a body by which it excites the sensation of taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saporus</i>
that relishes well, savory, fr. <i>sapor</i> taste.] <def>Having
flavor or taste; yielding a taste.</def> [R.] <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*po"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Sp.
<i>sapote</i>, <i>zapote</i>. See <u>Sapodilla</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The sapodilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap`o*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a natural order (<i>Sapotace&aelig;</i>) of
(mostly tropical) trees and shrubs, including the star apple, the
Lucuma, or natural marmalade tree, the gutta-percha tree
(<i>Isonandra</i>), and the India mahwa, as well as the sapodilla, or
sapota, after which the order is named.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap*pan" wood"</hw> (?). <def>Sapan wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"pare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sappare</i>; --
so called by Saussure.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Kyanite.</def> [Written
also <i>sappar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>sapeur</i>.]
<def>One who saps; specifically <i>(Mil.)</i>, one who is employed in
working at saps, building and repairing fortifications, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sapphicus</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; Sappho.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
Sappho, the Grecian poetess; as, <i>Sapphic</i> odes; <i>Sapphic</i>
verse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Belonging to, or in the
manner of, Sappho; -- said of a certain kind of verse reputed to have
been invented by Sappho, consisting of five feet, of which the first,
fourth, and fifth are trochees, the second is a spondee, and the third
a dactyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"phic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A
Sapphic verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"phire</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>saphir</i>, F. <i>saphir</i>, L. <i>sapphirus</i>, Gr. &?;, of
Oriental origin; cf. Heb. <i>sapp&imacr;r</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native alumina or aluminium sesquioxide,
Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>; corundum; esp., the blue transparent
variety of corundum, highly prized as a gem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of rubies, <i>sapphires</i>, and of pearl&eacute;s
white.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sapphire</i> occurs in hexagonal crystals and also in
granular and massive forms. The name <i>sapphire</i> is usually
restricted to the blue crystals, while the bright red crystals are
called <i>Oriental rubies</i> (see under <u>Ruby</u>), the amethystine
variety <i>Oriental amethyst</i> (see under <u>Amethyst</u>), and the
dull massive varieties <i>corundum</i> (a name which is also used as a
general term to include all varieties). See <u>Corundum</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The color of the gem; bright
blue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any humming bird of the
genus <i>Hylocharis</i>, native of South America. The throat and
breast are usually bright blue.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Star sapphire</b></col>, or <col><b>Asteriated
sapphire</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a kind of sapphire which
exhibits asterism.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sap"phire</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or resembling
sapphire; sapphirine; blue.</def> "The <i>sapphire</i> blaze."
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap"phir*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
sapphire; made of sapphire; having the color, or any quality of
sapphire.</def> "<i>Sapphirine</i> degree of hardness."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sap"pho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sapphic</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of brilliant South
American humming birds of the genus <i>Sappho</i>, having very bright-
colored and deeply forked tails; -- called also
<i>firetail</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"pi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sappy; juiciness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap`po*dil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sapodilla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sappier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sappiest</u>.] [From 1st <u>Sap</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with sap; full of sap; juicy;
succulent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, young, not firm; weak,
feeble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he had passed this weak and <i>sappy</i>
age.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Weak in intellect.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Abounding in sap; resembling,
or consisting largely of, sapwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>sapy</i>.] [Cf. L. <i>sapere</i> to taste.] <def>Musty;
tainted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*proph"a*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sapro`s</grk> rotten + <grk>fagei^n</grk> to eat: cf. F.
<i>saprophage</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a tribe of beetles
which feed upon decaying animal and vegetable substances; a carrion
beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*proph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feeding on carrion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"ro*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sapro`s</grk> rotten + <grk>fyto`n</grk> a plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant growing on decayed animal or vegetable matter, as most
fungi and some flowering plants with no green color, as the Indian
pipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap`ro*phyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Feeding or
growing upon decaying animal or vegetable matter; pertaining to a
saprophyte or the saprophytes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"sa*go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>schabzieger</i>; <i>schaben</i> to shave, to scrape + <i>zieger</i>
a sort of whey.] <def>A kind of Swiss cheese, of a greenish color,
flavored with melilot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"skull`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A saphead.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Sap`u*ca"ia</hw> (?; Pg. &?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.
<i>sapucaya</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Brazilian tree. See
<u>Lecythis</u>, and <u>Monkey-pot</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>sapucaya</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sapucaia nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the seed of the
sapucaia; -- called also <i>paradise nut</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sap"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
alburnum, or part of the wood of any exogenous tree next to the bark,
being that portion of the tree through which the sap flows most
freely; -- distinguished from <i>heartwood</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"a*ba*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>Saraba&iuml;tae</i>, pl.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of certain
vagrant or heretical Oriental monks in the early church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"a*band</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sarabande</i>,
Sp. <i>zarabanda</i>, fr. Per. <i>serbend</i> a song.] <def>A slow
Spanish dance of Saracenic origin, to an air in triple time; also, the
air itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She has brought us the newest <i>saraband</i> from the
court of Queen Mab.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"a*cen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Saracenus</i>
perhaps fr. Ar. <i>sharqi</i>, pl. <i>sharqi&imacr;n</i>, Oriental,
Eastern, fr. <i>sharaqa</i> to rise, said of the sun: cf. F.
<i>sarrasin</i>. Cf. <u>Sarcenet</u>, <u>Sarrasin</u>,
<u>Sirocco</u>.] <def>Anciently, an Arab; later, a Mussulman; in the
Middle Ages, the common term among Christians in Europe for a
Mohammedan hostile to the crusaders.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saracens' consound</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of
ragwort (<i>Senecio Saracenicus</i>), anciently used to heal
wounds.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar`a*cen"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sar`a*cen"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Saracens; as,
<i>Saracenic</i> architecture.</def> "<i>Saracenic</i> music." <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"a*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sarrasin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`ras*wa"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>Sarasvat&imacr;</i>.] <i>(Hind. Myth.)</i> <def>The sakti or wife
of Brahma; the Hindoo goddess of learning, music, and
poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"casm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sarcasme</i>, L.
<i>sarcasmus</i>, Gr. <grk>sarkasmo`s</grk>, from
<grk>sarka`zein</grk> to tear flesh like dogs, to bite the lips in
rage, to speak bitterly, to sneer, fr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>,
<grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh.] <def>A keen, reproachful expression; a
satirical remark uttered with some degree of scorn or contempt; a
taunt; a gibe; a cutting jest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sarcasms</i> of those critics who imagine our
art to be a matter of inspiration.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Satire; irony; ridicule; taunt; gibe.</p>

<p><hw>Sar*cas"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sarcastic.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Sarcasmous</i> scandal."
<i>Hubidras.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar*cas"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Sar*cas"tic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Expressing, or expressed by, sarcasm;
characterized by, or of the nature of, sarcasm; given to the use of
sarcasm; bitterly satirical; scornfully severe; taunting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What a fierce and <i>sarcastic</i> reprehension would
this have drawn from the friendship of the world!</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar*cas"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sarcastic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cercel</i>, F.
<i>cerceau</i>, L. <i>circellus</i>, dim. of <i>circulus</i>. See
<u>Circle</u>.] <def>One of the outer pinions or feathers of the wing
of a bird, esp. of a hawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"celed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(her.)</i> <def>Cut
through the middle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar`celle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>querquedula</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The old squaw, or long-
tailed duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sarce"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sarcenet</i>;
cf. LL. <i>saracenicum</i> cloth made by Saracens. See
<u>Saracen</u>.] <def>A species of fine thin silk fabric, used for
linings, etc.</def> [Written also <i>sarsenet</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou green <i>sarcenet</i> flap for a sore
eye.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hypoxanthin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*ci"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; of
flesh, fr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A genus of bacteria found in various organic
fluids, especially in those those of the stomach, associated with
certain diseases. The individual organisms undergo division along two
perpendicular partitions, so that multiplication takes place in two
directions, giving groups of four cubical cells. Also used
adjectively; as, a <i>sarcina</i> micrococcus; a <i>sarcina</i>
group.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sarcina form</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the tetrad form
seen in the division of a dumb-bell group of micrococci into four; --
applied particularly to bacteria. See <u>micrococcus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sar"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>sarcler</i> to
weed, fr. L. <i>sarculare</i> to hoe, fr. <i>sarculum</i> hoe.]
<def>To weed, or clear of weeds, with a hoe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, <i>flesh</i>; as,
<i>sarco</i>phagous, flesh-eating; <i>sarco</i>logy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*cob"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sarcobases</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>,
<grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + &?; base.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fruit
consisting of many dry indehiscent cells, which contain but few seeds
and cohere about a common style, as in the mallows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sarco-</i> +
<i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A minute yellowish body
present in the interior of certain rhizopods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sarco-</i> + Gr.
&?; fruit: cf. F. <i>sarcocarpe</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fleshy
part of a stone fruit, situated between the skin, or epicarp, and the
stone, or endocarp, as in a peach. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Endocarp</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term has also been used to denote any fruit which is
fleshy throughout. <i>M. T. Masters.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + &?; tumor: cf. F.
<i>sarcoc&egrave;le</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any solid tumor of the
testicle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar"co*col</hw> (?), <hw>Sar`co*col"la</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sarcocolla</i>, from Gr. &?;;
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + &?; glue: cf. F.
<i>sarcocolle</i>.] <def>A gum resin obtained from certain shrubs of
Africa (<i>Pen&aelig;a</i>), -- formerly thought to cause healing of
wounds and ulcers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"code</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fleshy;
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, flesh + <grk>e'i^dos</grk> form. Cf.
<u>Sarcoid</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A name applied by Dujardin in
1835 to the gelatinous material forming the bodies of the lowest
animals; protoplasm.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar"co*derm</hw> (?), <hw>||sar`co*der"ma</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>sarcoderma</i>. See <u>Sarco-</u>, and
<u>Derm</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fleshy covering
of a seed, lying between the external and internal integuments.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sarcocarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*cod"ic</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to sarcode.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Sarcode</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Resembling flesh, or muscle;
composed of sarcode.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar`co*lac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sarco-</i> +
<i>lactic</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Relating to muscle and
milk; as, <i>sarcolactic acid</i>. See <i>Lactic acid</i>, under
<u>Lactic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar`co*lem"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + &?; rind, skin.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The very thin transparent and apparently
homogeneous sheath which incloses a striated muscular fiber; the
myolemma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Flesh-colored.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar`co*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sar`co*log"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to sarcology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sarco-</i> +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>sarcologie</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy
which treats of the soft parts. It includes myology, angiology,
neurology, and splanchnology.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*co"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Sarcomata</b></plw> (# or #), E. <plw><b>sarcomas</b></plw>
(#). [NL., from Gr. &?;, from <grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>,
flesh.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor of fleshy consistence; -- formerly
applied to many varieties of tumor, now restricted to a variety of
malignant growth made up of cells resembling those of fetal
development without any proper intercellular substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*com"a*tous</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to sarcoma; resembling
sarcoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*coph"a*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., neut.
pl. See <u>Sarcophagus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of
carnivorous and insectivorous marsupials including the dasyures and
the opossums.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*coph"a*ga</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fem. sing. See
<u>Sarcophagus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Diptera,
including the flesh flies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*coph"a*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any animal which eats
flesh, especially any carnivorous marsupial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any fly of the genus
Sarcophaga.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*coph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Feeding on flesh; flesh-eating;
carnivorous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*coph"a*gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Sarcophagi</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Sarcophaguses</b></plw>
(#). [L., fr. Gr. <grk>sarkofa`gos</grk>, properly, eating flesh;
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + <grk>fagei^n</grk> to
eat. Cf. <u>Sarcasm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A species of
limestone used among the Greeks for making coffins, which was so
called because it consumed within a few weeks the flesh of bodies
deposited in it. It is otherwise called <i>lapis Assius</i>, or
<i>Assian stone</i>, and is said to have been found at Assos, a city
of Lycia.</def> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coffin or chest-shaped tomb of the kind
of stone described above; hence, any stone coffin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stone shaped like a sarcophagus and
placed by a grave as a memorial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*coph"a*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sarkofagi`a</grk>. See <u>Sarcophagus</u>.] <def>The practice of
eating flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co*phile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sacro-</i> +
Gr. &?; a lover.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A flesh-eating animal,
especially any one of the carnivorous marsupials.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*cop"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + <grk>ko`ptein</grk> to
cut.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of parasitic mites including
the itch mites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*cop"tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of the genus <i>Sarcoptes</i> and related genera of
mites, comprising the itch mites and mange mites.</def> --
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the itch
mites.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar`co*rham"phi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh + &?; beak.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of raptorial birds comprising the
vultures.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar`co*sep"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sarcosepta</b></plw> (#). [<i>Sarco-</i> + <i>septum</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the mesenteries of an
anthozoan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"co*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline nitrogenous substance, formed in the
decomposition of creatin (one of the constituents of muscle tissue).
Chemically, it is methyl glycocoll.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*co"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>, <grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Abnormal formation of flesh.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sarcoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*cot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>sarcotique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing or promoting the
growth of flesh.</def> [R.] -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sarcotic
medicine.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sar"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>,
<grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Fleshy; -- applied to
the minute structural elements, called <i>sarcous elements</i>, or
<i>sarcous disks</i>, of which striated muscular fiber is
composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar`cu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sarculatio</i>. See <u>Sarcle</u>.] <def>A weeding, as with a hoe
or a rake.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1277 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sarda</i>, Gr. &?;,
or &?; (sc. &?;), i.e., Sardian stone, fr. &?; Sardian, &?; Sardes,
the capital of Lydia: cf. F. <i>sarde</i>. Cf. <u>Sardius</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of carnelian, of a rich reddish yellow or
brownish red color. See the Note under <i>Chalcedony</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"da*chate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sardachates</i>: cf. F. <i>sardachate</i>. See <u>Sard</u>, and
<u>Agate</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of agate containing
sard.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar"dan</hw> (?), <hw>Sar"del</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>sardella</i>. See <u>Sardine</u> a fish.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sardine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sar"del</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A precious stone. See
<u>Sardius</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"dine</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sardine</i> (cf. Sp. <i>sardina</i>, <i>sarda</i>, It.
<i>sardina</i>, <i>sardella</i>), L. <i>sardina</i>, <i>sarda</i>; cf.
Gr. &?;, &?;; so called from the island of <i>Sardinia</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several small species of herring
which are commonly preserved in olive oil for food, especially the
pilchard, or European sardine (<i>Clupea pilchardus</i>). The
California sardine (<i>Clupea sagax</i>) is similar. The American
sardines of the Atlantic coast are mostly the young of the common
herring and of the menhaden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"dine</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sardius</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*din"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Sardinianus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the island, kingdom, or
people of Sardinia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Sardinia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"di*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sardius</i>,
<i>lapis sardinus</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, &?;. See <u>Sard</u>.] <def>A
precious stone, probably a carnelian, one of which was set in Aaron's
breastplate.</def> <i>Ex. xxviii. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"doin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sardoine</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Sard; carnelian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*do"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sardonien</i>.] <def>Sardonic.</def> [Obs.] "With <i>Sardonian</i>
smile." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar*don"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sardonique</i>, L. <i>sardonius</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, perhaps fr. &?;
to grin like a dog, or from a certain plant of <i>Sardinia</i>, Gr.
&?;, which was said to screw up the face of the eater.] <def>Forced;
unnatural; insincere; hence, derisive, mocking, malignant, or bitterly
sarcastic; -- applied only to a laugh, smile, or some facial semblance
of gayety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where strained, <i>sardonic</i> smiles are glozing
still,<BR>
And grief is forced to laugh against her will.</blockquote> <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The scornful, ferocious, <i>sardonic</i> grin of a
bloody ruffian.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sardonic grin</b></col> or <col><b>laugh</b></col>, <cd>an
old medical term for a spasmodic affection of the muscles of the face,
giving it an appearance of laughter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sar*don"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or resembling, a kind of linen made at Colchis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"do*nyx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;. See
<u>Sard</u>, and <u>Onyx</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of onyx
consisting of sard and white chalcedony in alternate layers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"ree</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. &?;.] <def>The
principal garment of a Hindoo woman. It consists of a long piece of
cloth, which is wrapped round the middle of the body, a portion being
arranged to hang down in front, and the remainder passed across the
bosom over the left shoulder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*gas"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>sargazo</i>
seaweed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The gulf weed. See under
<u>Gulf</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sargasso Sea</b></col>, <cd>a large tract of the North
Atlantic Ocean where sargasso in great abundance floats on the
surface.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*gas"sum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A genus
of alg&aelig; including the gulf weed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>sargo</i>, L.
<i>sargus</i> a kind of fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several species of sparoid fishes belonging to <i>Sargus</i>,
<i>Pomadasys</i>, and related genera; -- called also <i>sar</i>, and
<i>saragu</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Saree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*rigue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from Braz.
<i>&ccedil;arigueia</i>, <i>&ccedil;arigueira</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small South American opossum (<i>Didelphys
opossum</i>), having four white spots on the face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sark</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>serce</i>,
<i>syrce</i>, a shirt; akin to Icel. <i>serkr</i>, Sw.
<i>s&auml;rk</i>.] <def>A shirt.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sark</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>To cover
with sarking, or thin boards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>sa`rx</grk>,
<grk>sa`rkos</grk>, flesh.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hypoxanthin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sark"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sark</u>
shirt.] <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>Thin boards for sheathing, as above the
rafters, and under the shingles or slates, and for similar
purposes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar"lac</hw> (?), <hw>Sar"lyk</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mongolian <i>sarlyk</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The yak.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar*ma"tian</hw> (?), <hw>Sar*mat"ic</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sarmaticus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
Sarmatia, or its inhabitants, the ancestors of the Russians and the
Poles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sarmentum</i> a
twig, fr. <i>sarpere</i> to cut off, to trim: cf. F. <i>sarment</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A prostrate filiform stem or runner, as of the
strawberry. See <u>Runner</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar`men*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Bearing sarments, or runners, as the strawberry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar`men*tose"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sarmentosus</i>: cf. F. <i>sarmenteux</i>. See <u>Sarment</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Long and filiform, and almost
naked, or having only leaves at the joints where it strikes root; as,
a <i>sarmentose</i> stem.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Bearing
sarments; sarmentaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sar*men"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Sarmentose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sarn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>sarn</i> a causeway,
paving.] <def>A pavement or stepping-stone.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sa"rong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>s&amacr;rung</i>.] <def>A sort of petticoat worn by both sexes in
Java and the Malay Archipelago.</def> <i>Balfour (Cyc. of
India)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;]
<i>(Astron)</i> <def>A Chaldean astronomical period or cycle, the
length of which has been variously estimated from 3,600 years to 3,600
days, or a little short of 10 years.</def> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"plar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>sarplare</i>. See <u>Sarplier</u>.] <def>A large bale or package of
wool, containing eighty tods, or 2,240 pounds, in weight.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sar"plier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>serpilli&egrave;re</i>; cf. Pr. <i>sarpelheira</i>, LL.
<i>serpelleria</i>, <i>serpleria</i>, Catalan <i>sarpallera</i>, Sp.
<i>arpillera</i>.] <def>A coarse cloth made of hemp, and used for
packing goods, etc.</def> [Written also <i>sarpelere</i>.]
<i>Tyrwhitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar"po</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corruption of Sp.
<i>sapo</i> a toad.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large toadfish of the
Southern United States and the Gulf of Mexico (<i>Batrachus tau</i>,
var. <i>pardus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar`ra*ce"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named
after a Dr. <i>Sarrazin</i> of Quebec.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
American perennial herbs growing in bogs; the American pitcher
plant.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have hollow pitcher-shaped or tubular leaves, and
solitary flowers with an umbrella-shaped style. <i>Sarracenia
purpurea</i>, the sidesaddle flower, is common at the North; <i>S.
flava</i>, <i>rubra</i>, <i>Drummondii</i>, <i>variolaris</i>, and
<i>psittacina</i> are Southern species. All are insectivorous,
catching and drowning insects in their curious leaves. See
<u>Illust</u>. of Sidesaddle flower, under <u>Sidesaddle</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sar"ra*sin</hw>, <hw>Sar"ra*sine</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sarrasine</i>, LL. <i>saracina</i>. See
<u>Saracen</u>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A portcullis, or herse.</def>
[Written also <i>sarasin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sar"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sarsaparilla.</def>
[Written also <i>sarza</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sar`sa*pa*ril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>zarzaparrilla</i>; <i>zarza</i> a bramble (perhaps fr. Bisc.
<i>zartzia</i>) + <i>parra</i> a vine, or <i>Parillo</i>, a physician
said to have discovered it.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any plant of several tropical American species of
<i>Smilax</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bitter mucilaginous
roots of such plants, used in medicine and in sirups for soda,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to many other plants and their
roots, especially to the <i>Aralia nudicaulis</i>, the wild
sarsaparilla of the United States.</p>

<p><hw>Sar`sa*pa*ril"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Parillin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sarse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sas</i>, OF.
<i>saas</i>, LL. <i>setatium</i>, fr. L. <i>seta</i> a stiff hair.]
<def>A fine sieve; a searce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sarse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sift through a
sarse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sar"sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain;
perhaps for <i>saracen stone</i>, i.e., a heathen or pagan stone or
monument.] <def>One of the large sandstone blocks scattered over the
English chalk downs; -- called also <i>sarsen stone</i>, and <i>Druid
stone</i>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sarse"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sarcenet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assart, or
clearing.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sar*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sartorius</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
tailor or his work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our legs skulked under the table as free from
<i>sartorial</i> impertinences as those of the noblest
savages.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
sartorius muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sar*to"ri*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sartor</i> a patcher, tailor, fr. <i>sarcire</i>, <i>sartum</i>, to
patch, mend.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle of the thigh, called the
<i>tailor's muscle</i>, which arises from the hip bone and is inserted
just below the knee. So named because its contraction was supposed to
produce the position of the legs assumed by the tailor in
sitting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"rum use`</hw> (?). <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i> <def>A liturgy, or
<i>use</i>, put forth about 1087 by St. Osmund, bishop of
<i>Sarum</i>, based on Anglo-Saxon and Norman customs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pers. <i>shast</i> a sort
of girdle.] <def>A scarf or band worn about the waist, over the
shoulder, or otherwise; a belt; a girdle, -- worn by women and
children as an ornament; also worn as a badge of distinction by
military officers, members of societies, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To adorn with a sash or
scarf.</def> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ch&acirc;ssis</i> a
frame, sash, fr. <i>ch&acirc;sse</i> a shrine, reliquary, frame, L.
<i>capsa</i>. See <u>Case</u> a box.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
framing in which the panes of glass are set in a glazed window or
door, including the narrow bars between the panes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a sawmill, the rectangular frame in
which the saw is strained and by which it is carried up and down with
a reciprocating motion; -- also called <i>gate</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>French sash</b></col>, <cd>a casement swinging on hinges; -
- in distinction from a <i>vertical sash</i> sliding up and
down.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sashing</u>.] <def>To furnish with a sash or sashes; as, to
<i>sash</i> a door or a window.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sash"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 1st
<u>Sash</u>.] <def>A collection of sashes; ornamentation by means of
sashes.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Distinguished by their <i>sasheries</i> and
insignia.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sash"oon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymology uncertain.]
<def>A kind of pad worn on the leg under the boot.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Indian antelope (<i>Antilope bezoartica, or cervicapra</i>),
noted for its beauty and swiftness. It has long, spiral, divergent
horns.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sas"sa*by</hw> (?), <hw>Sas"sa*bye</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large African antelope
(<i>Alcelaphus lunata</i>), similar to the hartbeest, but having its
horns regularly curved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sas"sa*fras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sassafras</i>
(cf. It. <i>sassafrasso</i>, <i>sassafras</i>, Sp. <i>sasafras</i>,
<i>salsafras</i>, <i>salsifrax</i>, <i>salsifragia</i>,
<i>saxifragia</i>), fr. L. <i>saxifraga</i> saxifrage. See
<u>Saxifrage</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American tree of the Laurel
family (<i>Sassafras officinale</i>); also, the bark of the roots,
which has an aromatic smell and taste.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Australian sassafras</b></col>, <cd>a lofty tree
(<i>Doryophora Sassafras</i>) with aromatic bark and leaves.</cd> --
<col><b>Chilian sassafras</b></col>, <cd>an aromatic tree (<i>Laurelia
sempervirens</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>New Zealand sassafras</b></col>,
<cd>a similar tree (<i>Laurelia Nov&aelig; Zelandi&aelig;</i>).</cd> -
- <col><b>Sassafras nut</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Pichurim bean</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Swamp sassafras</b></col>, <cd>the sweet bay (<i>Magnolia
glauca</i>). See <u>Magnolia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sas"sa*nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sarse</u> a
sieve.] <def>Stones left after sifting.</def> <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sas`sa*ra"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. a corruption
of <i>certiorari</i>, the name of a writ.] <def>A word used to
emphasize a statement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Out she shall pack, with a
<i>sassarara</i>.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sasse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>sas</i>, fr. F.
<i>sas</i> the basin of a waterfall.] <def>A sluice or lock, as in a
river, to make it more navigable.</def> [Obs.] <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sas"sen*ach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>sasunnach</i>.] <def>A Saxon; an Englishman; a Lowlander.</def>
[Celtic] <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sas"so*lin</hw> (?), <hw>Sas"so*line</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Sasso</i>, a town in Italy: cf. F.
<i>sassolin</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native boric acid, found in
saline incrustations on the borders of hot springs near Sasso, in the
territory of Florence.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sas"so*rol</hw> (?), <hw>Sas`so*rol"la</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The rock pigeon. See
under <u>Pigeon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sas"sy bark`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The bark of a West
African leguminous tree (<i>Erythrophl&aelig;um Guineense</i>, used by
the natives as an ordeal poison, and also medicinally; -- called also
<i>mancona bark</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sas"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Shaster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Sit</u>.</def>
[Written also <i>sate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>s&amacr;t&amacr;n</i> an adversary, fr. <i>s&amacr;tan</i> to be
adverse, to persecute: cf. Gr. &?;, &?;, L. <i>Satan</i>,
<i>Satanas</i>.] <def>The grand adversary of man; the Devil, or Prince
of darkness; the chief of the fallen angels; the archfiend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I beheld <i>Satan</i> as lightning fall from
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Luke x. 18.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa*tan"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sa*tan"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>satanique</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Satan; having the qualities of Satan; resembling Satan;
extremely malicious or wicked; devilish; infernal.</def>
"<i>Satanic</i> strength." "<i>Satanic</i> host." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Detest the slander which, with a <i>Satanic</i> smile,
exults over the character it has ruined.</blockquote> <i>Dr. T.
Dwight.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sa*tan"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sa*tan"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sa"tan*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The evil and
malicious disposition of Satan; a diabolical spirit.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"tan*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A very wicked
person.</def> [R.] <i>Granger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa`tan*oph"a*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Satan</i> +
Gr. &?; to appear.] <def>An incarnation of Satan; a being possessed by
a demon.</def> [R.] <i>O. A. Brownson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Satch"el</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sachel</i>, fr.
L. <i>saccellus</i>, dim. of <i>saccus</i>. See <u>Sack</u> a bag.]
<def>A little sack or bag for carrying papers, books, or small
articles of wearing apparel; a hand bag.</def> [Spelled also
<i>sachel</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The whining schoolboy with his
<i>satchel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sating</u>.] [Probably shortened fr. <i>satiate</i>: cf. L.
<i>satur</i> full. See <u>Satiate</u>.] <def>To satisfy the desire or
appetite of; to satiate; to glut; to surfeit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Crowds of wanderers <i>sated</i> with the business and
pleasure of great cities.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sate</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sit</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>sate</i> an equal guest at every
board.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat*een"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Satin</u>.]
<def>A kind of dress goods made of cotton or woolen, with a glossy
surface resembling satin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sate"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Insatiable.</def>
[R.] <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"el*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>satelles</i>, <i>-itis</i>, an attendant.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An attendant attached to a prince or other powerful person;
hence, an obsequious dependent.</def> "The <i>satellites</i> of
power." <i>I. Disraeli.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A secondary planet which
revolves about another planet; as, the moon is a <i>satellite</i> of
the earth. See <i>Solar system</i>, under <u>Solar</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Satellite moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
handsome European noctuid moth (<i>Scopelosoma
satellitia</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sat"el*lite</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated near; accompanying; as, the <i>satellite</i> veins,
those which accompany the arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat`el*li"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or consisting of, satellites.</def> [R.] <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sath"an*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Satanas</i>.
See <u>Satan</u>] <def>Satan.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer. Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>satiatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>satiare</i> to satisfy, from <i>sat</i>, <i>satis</i>,
enough. See <u>Sad</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sate</u>.]
<def>Filled to satiety; glutted; sated; -- followed by <i>with</i> or
<i>of</i>.</def> "<i>Satiate</i> of applause." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Satiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Satiating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To satisfy the appetite or
desire of; to feed to the full; to furnish enjoyment to, to the extent
of desire; to sate; as, to <i>satiate</i> appetite or sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These [smells] rather woo the sense than <i>satiate</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I may yet survive the malice of my enemies, although
they should be <i>satiated</i> with my blood.</blockquote> <i>Eikon
Basilike.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To full beyond natural desire; to gratify
to repletion or loathing; to surfeit; to glut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To saturate.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To satisfy; sate; suffice; cloy; gorge; overfill;
surfeit; glut. -- <u>Satiate</u>, <u>Satisfy</u>, <u>Content</u>.
These words differ principally in degree. To <i>content</i> is to make
contented, even though every desire or appetite is not fully
gratified. To <i>satisfy</i> is to appease fully the longings of
desire. To <i>satiate</i> is to fill so completely that it is not
possible to receive or enjoy more; hence, to overfill; to cause
disgust in.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Content</i> with science in the vale of
peace.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His whole felicity is endless strife;<BR>
No peace, no <i>satisfaction</i>, crowns his life.</blockquote>
<i>Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He may be <i>satiated</i>, but not
<i>satisfied</i>.</blockquote> <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa`ti*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Satiety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*ti"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>satietas</i>,
from <i>satis</i>, <i>sat</i>, enough: cf. F.
<i>sati&eacute;t&eacute;</i>.] <def>The state of being satiated or
glutted; fullness of gratification, either of the appetite or of any
sensual desire; fullness beyond desire; an excess of gratification
which excites wearisomeness or loathing; repletion;
satiation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all pleasures there is <i>satiety</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But thy words, with grace divine<BR>
Imbued, bring to their sweetness no <i>satiety</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Repletion; satiation; surfeit; cloyment.</p>

<p><! p. 1278 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sat"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>satin</i> (cf. Pg.
<i>setim</i>), fr. It. <i>setino</i>, from <i>seta</i> silk, L.
<i>saeta</i>, <i>seta</i>, a thick, stiff hair, a bristle; or possibly
ultimately of Chinese origin; cf. Chin. <i>sz-t&uuml;n</i>, <i>sz-
twan</i>. Cf. <u>Sateen</u>.] <def>A silk cloth, of a thick, close
texture, and overshot woof, which has a glossy surface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cloths of gold and <i>satins</i> rich of
hue.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Denmark satin</b></col>, <cd>a kind of lasting; a stout
worsted stuff, woven with a satin twill, used for women's shoes.</cd>
-- <col><b>Farmer's satin</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Farmer</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Satin bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Australian
bower bird. Called also <i>satin grackle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Satin
flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Honesty</u>, 4.</cd> --
<col><b>Satin spar</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
fine fibrous variety of calcite, having a pearly luster</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A similar variety of gypsum.</cd> --
<col><b>Satin sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the shining
flycatcher (<i>Myiagra nitida</i>) of Tasmania and Australia. The
upper surface of the male is rich blackish green with a metallic
luster.</cd> -- <col><b>Satin stone</b></col>, <cd>satin
spar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sat`i*net"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>satin</i>. See <u>Satin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin kind
of satin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cloth made of cotton warp and
woolen filling, used chiefly for trousers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"in*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The hard, lemon-colored, fragrant wood of an East Indian tree
(<i>Chloroxylon Swietenia</i>). It takes a lustrous finish, and is
used in cabinetwork. The name is also given to the wood of a species
of prickly ash (<i>Xanthoxylum Carib&aelig;um</i>) growing in Florida
and the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"in*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like or composed
of satin; glossy; as, to have a <i>satiny</i> appearance; a
<i>satiny</i> texture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>satio</i>, fr.
<i>serere</i>, <i>satum</i>, to sow.] <def>A sowing or planting.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ire</hw> (?; <i>in Eng. often</i> &?;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>satira</i>, <i>satura</i>, fr.
<i>satura</i> (sc. <i>lanx</i>) a dish filled with various kinds of
fruits, food composed of various ingredients, a mixture, a medley, fr.
<i>satur</i> full of food, sated, fr. <i>sat</i>, <i>satis</i>,
enough: cf. F. <i>satire</i>. See <u>Sate</u>, <u>Sad</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Saturate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A composition, generally poetical, holding up vice or folly to
reprobation; a keen or severe exposure of what in public or private
morals deserves rebuke; an invective poem; as, the <i>Satires</i> of
Juvenal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Keeness and severity of remark; caustic
exposure to reprobation; trenchant wit; sarcasm.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lampoon; sarcasm; irony; ridicule; pasquinade;
burlesque; wit; humor.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa*tir"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sa*tir"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>satiricus</i>: cf. F. <i>satirique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to satire; of the nature of
satire; as, a <i>satiric</i> style.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Censorious; severe in language; sarcastic;
insulting.</def> "<i>Satirical</i> rogue." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cutting; caustic; poignant; sarcastic; ironical;
bitter; reproachful; abusive.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sa*tir"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sa*tir"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ir*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>satiriste</i>.] <def>One who satirizes; especially, one who writes
satire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mighty <i>satirist</i>, who . . . had spread terror
through the Whig ranks.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ir*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Satirized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Satirizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>satiriser</i>.] <def>To make the
object of satire; to attack with satire; to censure with keenness or
severe sarcasm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is as hard to <i>satirize</i> well a man of
distinguished vices, as to praise well a man of distinguished
virtues.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat`is*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>satisfaccioun</i>, F. <i>satisfaction</i>, fr. L.
<i>satisfactio</i>, fr. <i>satisfacere</i> to satisfy. See
<u>Satisfy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of satisfying, or the
state of being satisfied; gratification of desire; contentment in
possession and enjoyment; repose of mind resulting from compliance
with its desires or demands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind having a power to suspend the execution and
<i>satisfaction</i> of any of its desires.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Settlement of a claim, due, or demand;
payment; indemnification; adequate compensation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall make full <i>satisfaction</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which satisfies or gratifies;
atonement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Die he, or justice must; unless for him<BR>
Some other, able, and as willing, pay<BR>
The rigid <i>satisfaction</i>, death for death.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contentment; content; gratification; pleasure;
recompense; compensation; amends; remuneration; indemnification;
atonement.</p>

<p><hw>Sat`is*fac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Satisfactory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Satisfactive</i> discernment of fish.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat`is*fac"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>satisfactoire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Giving or producing
satisfaction; yielding content; especially, relieving the mind from
doubt or uncertainty, and enabling it to rest with confidence;
sufficient; as, a <i>satisfactory</i> account or
explanation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Making amends, indemnification, or
recompense; causing to cease from claims and to rest content;
compensating; atoning; as, to make <i>satisfactory</i> compensation,
or a <i>satisfactory</i> apology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A most wise and sufficient means of redemption and
salvation, by the <i>satisfactory</i> and meritorious death and
obedience of the incarnate Son of God, Jesus Christ.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sat`is*fac"to*ri*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sat`is*fac"to*ri*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sat"is*fi`a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
satisfied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"is*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
satisfies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"is*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Satisfied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Satisfying</u> (?).] [OF. <i>satisfier</i>; L. <i>satis</i> enough
+ <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make; cf. F. <i>satisfaire</i>, L.
<i>satisfacere</i>. See <u>Sad</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
<u>Fact</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In general, to fill up the
measure of a want of (a person or a thing); hence, to grafity fully
the desire of; to make content; to supply to the full, or so far as to
give contentment with what is wished for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death shall . . . with us two<BR>
Be forced to <i>satisfy</i> his ravenous maw.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pay to the extent of claims or deserts;
to give what is due to; as, to <i>satisfy</i> a creditor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To answer or discharge, as a claim, debt,
legal demand, or the like; to give compensation for; to pay off; to
requite; as, to <i>satisfy</i> a claim or an execution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To free from doubt, suspense, or
uncertainty; to give assurance to; to set at rest the mind of; to
convince; as, to <i>satisfy</i> one's self by inquiry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The standing evidences of the truth of the gospel are
in themselves most firm, solid, and <i>satisfying</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To satiate; sate; content; grafity; compensate. See
<u>Satiate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sat"is*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To give satisfaction; to afford gratification; to leave nothing
to be desired.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make payment or atonement; to
atone.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"is*fy`ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
satisfy; satisfactorily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sativus</i>, fr.
<i>serere</i>, satum, to sow.] <def>Sown; propagated by seed.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
settle.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"trap</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>satrapes</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. OPers. <i>khshatrap&amacr;van</i> ruler:
cf. F. <i>satrape</i>.] <def>The governor of a province in ancient
Persia; hence, a petty autocrat despot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"trap*al</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a satrap, or a satrapy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"trap*ess</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
satrap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*trap"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Satrapal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"trap*y</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Satrapies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>satrapia</i>, <i>satrapea</i>,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>satrapie</i>.] <def>The government or jurisdiction
of a satrap; a principality.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"su*ma ware"</hw> (? or ?). <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A kind
of ornamental hard-glazed pottery made at Satsuma in Kiushu, one of
the Japanese islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*ra*ble</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saturabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>saturable</i>.] <def>Capable of being
saturated; admitting of saturation.</def> --
<wf>Sat`u*ra*bil"i*ty</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saturans</i>,
p. pr. See <u>Saturate</u>.] <def>Impregnating to the full;
saturating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*rant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance used to neutralize or saturate the
affinity of another substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An antacid, as magnesia, used
to correct acidity of the stomach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Saturated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Saturating</u>.] [L. <i>saturatus</i>, p. p. of <i>saturare</i> to
saturate, fr. <i>satur</i> full of food, sated. See <u>Satire</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to become completely penetrated,
impregnated, or soaked; to fill fully; to sate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Innumerable flocks and herds covered that vast expanse
of emerald meadow <i>saturated</i> with the moisture of the
Atlantic.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fill and <i>saturate</i> each kind<BR>
With good according to its mind.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To satisfy the affinity of;
to cause to become inert by chemical combination with all that it can
hold; as, to <i>saturate</i> phosphorus with chlorine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saturatus</i>, p. p.] <def>Filled to repletion; saturated;
soaked.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dries his feathers <i>saturate</i> with
dew.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sand beneath our feet is <i>saturate</i><BR>
With blood of martyrs.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*ra`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Filled to repletion; holding by absorption, or in solution, all
that is possible; as, <i>saturated</i> garments; a <i>saturated</i>
solution of salt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having its affinity
satisfied; combined with all it can hold; -- said of certain atoms,
radicals, or compounds; thus, methane is a <i>saturated</i> compound.
Contrasted with <i>unsaturated</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>saturated</i> compound may exchange certain ingredients
for others, but can not take on more without such exchange.</p>

<p><col><b>Saturated color</b></col> <i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>a color not
diluted with white; a pure unmixed color, like those of the
spectrum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sat`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saturatio</i>: cf. F. <i>saturation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of saturating, or the state of being saturating; complete
penetration or impregnation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act, process, or result
of saturating a substance, or of combining it to its fullest
extent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Optics)</i> <def>Freedom from mixture or
dilution with white; purity; -- said of colors.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The degree of <i>saturation</i> of a color is its relative
purity, or freedom from admixture with white.</p>

<p><hw>Sat"u*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who,
or that which, saturates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ur*day</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>Saterday</i>, AS. <i>S&aelig;terd&aelig;g</i>,
<i>S&aelig;ternd&aelig;g</i>, <i>S&aelig;ternesd&aelig;g</i>,
literally, Saturn's day, fr. L. <i>Saturnus</i> Saturn + AS.
<i>d&aelig;g</i> day; cf. L. <i>dies Saturni</i>.] <def>The seventh or
last day of the week; the day following Friday and preceding
Sunday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*tu"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saturitas</i>, fr. <i>satur</i> full of food, sated.] <def>The
state of being saturated; fullness of supply.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"turn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Saturnus</i>,
literally, the sower, fr. <i>serere</i>, <i>satum</i>, to sow. See
<u>Season</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Roman Myth.)</i> <def>One of
the elder and principal deities, the son of C&oelig;lus and Terra
(Heaven and Earth), and the father of Jupiter. The corresponding Greek
divinity was <grk>Kro`nos</grk>, later <grk>CHro`nos</grk>,
Time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the planets of the
solar system, next in magnitude to Jupiter, but more remote from the
sun. Its diameter is seventy thousand miles, its mean distance from
the sun nearly eight hundred and eighty millions of miles, and its
year, or periodical revolution round the sun, nearly twenty-nine years
and a half. It is surrounded by a remarkable system of rings, and has
eight satellites.</def> </p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Alchem.)</i> <def>The metal lead.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Sat`ur*na"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Saturn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>The
festival of Saturn, celebrated in December, originally during one day,
but afterward during seven days, as a period of unrestrained license
and merriment for all classes, extending even to the slaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A period or occasion of general
license, in which the passions or vices have riotous
indulgence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat`ur*na"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Saturnalia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of unrestrained and intemperate jollity;
riotously merry; dissolute.</def> "<i>Saturnalian</i> amusement."
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*tur"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Saturnius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Roman Myth.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to Saturn, whose age or reign, from the mildness and wisdom
of his government, is called the <i>golden age</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Resembling the golden age;
distinguished for peacefulness, happiness, contentment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Augustus, born to bring <i>Saturnian</i>
times.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
planet Saturn; as, the <i>Saturnian</i> year.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saturnian verse</b></col> <i>(Pros.)</i>, <cd>a meter
employed by early Roman satirists, consisting of three iambics and an
extra syllable followed by three trochees, as in the line: --
Th&ebreve; qu&emacr;en | w&abreve;s &imacr;n | th&ebreve; k&imacr;tch
| &ebreve;n || &emacr;at&ibreve;ng | br&emacr;ad &abreve;nd |
h&omacr;n&ebreve;y. </cd></p>

<p><hw>Sa*tur"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of large handsome moths belonging to
<i>Saturnia</i> and allied genera. The luna moth, polyphemus, and
promethea, are examples. They belong to the Silkworn family, and some
are raised for their silk. See <u>Polyphemus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat`urn*i*cen"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Appearing as if seen from the center of the
planet Saturn; relating or referred to Saturn as a center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ur*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Saturnus</i>
the god Saturn, also, the planet Saturn: cf. F. <i>saturnin</i> of or
pertaining to lead (Saturn, in old chemistry, meaning lead),
<i>saturnien</i> saturnine, saturnian. See <u>Saturn</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Born under, or influenced by, the planet
Saturn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heavy; grave; gloomy; dull; -- the opposite
of <i>mercurial</i>; as, a <i>saturnine</i> person or temper.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
lead; characterized by, or resembling, lead, which was formerly called
<i>Saturn</i>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><col><b>Saturnine colic</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>lead
colic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ur*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Plumbism.</def> <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sat"ur*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person of a
dull, grave, gloomy temperament.</def> <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"tyr</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>satyrus</i>,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>satyre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class.
Myth.)</i> <def>A sylvan deity or demigod, represented as part man and
part goat, and characterized by riotous merriment and
lasciviousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rough <i>Satyrs</i> danced; and Fauns, with cloven
heel,<BR>
From the glad sound would not be absent long.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of many species
of butterflies belonging to the family <i>Nymphalid&aelig;</i>. Their
colors are commonly brown and gray, often with ocelli on the wings.
Called also <i>meadow browns</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The orang-
outang.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sat`y*ri"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;. See <u>Satyr</u>.] <def>Immoderate venereal appetite in the
male.</def> <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sa*tyr"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sa*tyr"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>satyricus</i>, Gr. <grk>satyriko`s</grk>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to satyrs; burlesque; as, <i>satyric</i>
tragedy.</def> <i>P. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*tyr"i*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>saty`rion</grk>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of several kinds of
orchids.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sau"ba ant`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American
ant (<i>&OElig;codoma cephalotes</i>) remarkable for having two large
kinds of workers besides the ordinary ones, and for the immense size
of its formicaries. The sauba ant cuts off leaves of plants and
carries them into its subterranean nests, and thus often does great
damage by defoliating trees and cultivated plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sauce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. OF.
<i>sausse</i>, LL. <i>salsa</i>, properly, salt pickle, fr. L.
<i>salsus</i> salted, salt, p. p. of <i>salire</i> to salt, fr.
<i>sal</i> salt. See <u>Salt</u>, and cf. <u>Saucer</u>, <u>Souse</u>
pickle, <u>Souse</u> to plunge.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A composition
of condiments and appetizing ingredients eaten with food as a relish;
especially, a dressing for meat or fish or for puddings; as, mint
<i>sauce</i>; sweet <i>sauce</i>, etc.</def> "Poignant <i>sauce</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>High <i>sauces</i> and rich spices fetched from the
Indies.</blockquote> <i>Sir S. Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any garden vegetables eaten with
meat.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U.S.] <i>Forby. Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Roots, herbs, vine fruits, and salad flowers . . . they
dish up various ways, and find them very delicious <i>sauce</i> to
their meats, both roasted and boiled, fresh and salt.</blockquote>
<i>Beverly.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Stewed or preserved fruit eaten with other
food as a relish; as, apple <i>sauce</i>, cranberry <i>sauce</i>,
etc.</def> [U.S.] "Stewed apple <i>sauce</i>." <i>Mrs. Lincoln (Cook
Book).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sauciness; impertinence.</def> [Low.]
<i>Haliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To serve one the same sauce</b></col>, <cd>to retaliate in
the same kind.</cd> [Vulgar]</p>

<p><! p. 1279 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sauce</hw> (s&add;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>saucer</i>.] [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sauced</u>
(s&add;st); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Saucing</u>
(s&add;"s&ibreve;ng).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To accompany with
something intended to give a higher relish; to supply with appetizing
condiments; to season; to flavor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to relish anything, as if with a
sauce; to tickle or gratify, as the palate; to please; to stimulate;
hence, to cover, mingle, or dress, as if with sauce; to make an
application to.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Earth, yield me roots;<BR>
Who seeks for better of thee, <i>sauce</i> his palate<BR>
With thy most operant poison!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make poignant; to give zest, flavor or
interest to; to set off; to vary and render attractive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then fell she to <i>sauce</i> her desires with
threatenings.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou sayest his meat was <i>sauced</i> with thy
upbraidings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To treat with bitter, pert, or tart
language; to be impudent or saucy to.</def> [Colloq. or Low]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>sauce</i> her with bitter words.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sauce</hw> (s&omacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Fine
Art)</i> <def>A soft crayon for use in stump drawing or in shading
with the stump.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sauce"-a*lone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Jack-by-the-hedge. See under
<u>Jack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sauce"box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sauce</u>,
and <u>Saucy</u>.] <def>A saucy, impudent person; especially, a pert
child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Saucebox, go, meddle with your lady's fan,<BR>
And prate not here!</blockquote> <i>A. Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sauce"pan`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small pan with
a handle, in which sauce is prepared over a fire; a stewpan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sauci&egrave;re</i>, from <i>sauce</i>. See <u>Sauce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small pan or vessel in which sauce was set
on a table.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small dish, commonly deeper than a plate,
in which a cup is set at table.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something resembling a saucer in
shape.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A flat, shallow
caisson for raising sunken ships.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
shallow socket for the pivot of a capstan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ci*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a saucy
manner; impudently; with impertinent boldness.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ci*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being saucy; that which is saucy; impertinent boldness;
contempt of superiors; impudence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>sauciness</i> will jest upon my
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impudence; impertinence; rudeness; insolence. See
<u>Impudence</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Sau`cis`son"</hw> (?), <hw>Sau`cisse"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>saucisse</i> sausage. See
<u>Sausage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mining or Gun.)</i> <def>A
long and slender pipe or bag, made of cloth well pitched, or of
leather, filled with powder, and used to communicate fire to mines,
caissons, bomb chests, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A fascine of more than
ordinary length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Saucier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sauciest</u>.] [From <u>Sauce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Showing impertinent boldness or pertness;
transgressing the rules of decorum; treating superiors with contempt;
impudent; insolent; as, a <i>saucy</i> fellow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Am I not protector, <i>saucy</i> priest?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressive of, or characterized by,
impudence; impertinent; as, a <i>saucy</i> eye; <i>saucy</i>
looks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We then have done you bold and <i>saucy</i>
wrongs.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impudent; insolent; impertinent; rude.</p>

<p><hw>Sauer"kraut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>sauer</i> sour + <i>kraut</i> herb, cabbage.] <def>Cabbage cut fine
and allowed to ferment in a brine made of its own juice with salt, --
a German dish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sauf</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Safe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sauf</hw>, <pos><i>conj. &amp; prep.</i></pos> <def>Save;
except.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Sauf</i> I myself." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sauf"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Safely.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An American fresh-water food fish (<i>Stizostedion
Canadense</i>); -- called also <i>gray pike</i>, <i>blue pike</i>,
<i>hornfish</i>, <i>land pike</i>, <i>sand pike</i>, <i>pickering</i>,
and <i>pickerel</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Saugh</hw>, <hw>Sauh</hw> (?) }, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.
sing.</i></pos> of <u>See</u>.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sauks</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sacs</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Soul.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Saul</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Sal</u>, the
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"lie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hired mourner at
a funeral.</def> [Scot.] <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sault</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., F. <i>saut</i>,
fr. L. <i>saltus</i>. See <u>Salt</u> a leap.] <def>A rapid in some
rivers; as, the <i>Sault</i> Ste. Marie.</def> [U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saun"ders</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sandress</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saun"ders-blue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
F. <i>cendres bleues</i> blue ashes.] <def>A kind of color prepared
from calcined lapis lazuli; ultramarine; also, a blue prepared from
carbonate of copper.</def> [Written also <i>sanders-blue</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Saun"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sauntered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sauntering</u>.] [Written also <i>santer</i>.] [Probably fr. F.
<i>s'aventurer</i> to adventure (one's self), through a shortened form
<i>s'auntrer</i>. See <u>Adventure</u>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos>]
<def>To wander or walk about idly and in a leisurely or lazy manner;
to lounge; to stroll; to loiter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One could lie under elm trees in a lawn, or
<i>saunter</i> in meadows by the side of a stream.</blockquote>
<i>Masson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To loiter; linger; stroll; wander.</p>

<p><hw>Saun"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sauntering, or a
sauntering place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That wheel of fops, that <i>saunter</i> of the
town.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saun"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
saunters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contracted from Gael.
<i>salachar</i> filth, nastiness, fr. <i>salach</i> nasty, fr.
<i>sal</i> filth, refuse.] <def>Soil; dirt; dirty water; urine from a
cowhouse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sau"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any carangoid fish of the genus <i>Trachurus</i>, especially
<i>T. trachurus</i>, or <i>T. saurus</i>, of Europe and America, and
<i>T. picturatus</i> of California. Called also <i>skipjack</i>, and
<i>horse mackerel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sau"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; a lizard.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Reptilia
formerly established to include the Lacertilia, Crocodilia,
Dinosauria, and other groups. By some writers the name is restricted
to the Lacertilia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of, the Sauria.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Sauria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ri*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sauroid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sau"ro*ba*tra"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Sauria</u>, and <u>Batrachia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Urodela.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau*rog"na*thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
lizard + &?; the jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the bones of
the palate arranged as in saurians, the vomer consisting of two
lateral halves, as in the woodpeckers (<i>Pici</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a lizard +
<i>-oid</i>: cf. Gr. &?; lizardlike.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Like or pertaining to the saurians.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Resembling a saurian superficially; as, a
<i>sauroid</i> fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau`roid*ich"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sauroid</u>, and <u>Ichnite</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>The fossil
track of a saurian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sau*rop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a lizard + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order
of herbivorous dinosaurs having the feet of a saurian type, instead of
birdlike, as they are in many dinosaurs. It includes the largest known
land animals, belonging to Brontosaurus, Camarasaurus, and allied
genera. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sau*rop"si*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a lizard + &?; appearance.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
comprehensive group of vertebrates, comprising the reptiles and
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sau*rop`te*ryg"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; a lizard + &?;, &?;, a wing.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Plesiosauria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sau*ru"r&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a lizard + &?; a tail.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order
of birds having a long vertebrated tail with quills along each side of
it. Arch&aelig;opteryx is the type. See <u>Arch&aelig;opteryx</u>, and
<u>Odontornithes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sauries</b></plw> (#). [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A slender marine fish (<i>Scomberesox
saurus</i>) of Europe and America. It has long, thin, beaklike jaws.
Called also <i>billfish</i>, <i>gowdnook</i>, <i>gawnook</i>,
<i>skipper</i>, <i>skipjack</i>, <i>skopster</i>, <i>lizard fish</i>,
and <i>Egypt herring</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"sage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>saucisse</i>, LL. <i>salcitia</i>, <i>salsicia</i>, fr.
<i>salsa</i>. See <u>Sauce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An article of
food consisting of meat (esp. pork) minced and highly seasoned, and
inclosed in a cylindrical case or skin usually made of the prepared
intestine of some animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A saucisson. See <u>Saucisson</u>.</def>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sau"se*flem</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>saus</i>
salt (L. <i>salsus</i>) + <i>flemme</i> phlegm.] <def>Having a red,
pimpled face.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>sawceflem</i>.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saus"sur*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. So called from
M. <i>Saussure</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A tough, compact mineral, of a
white, greenish, or grayish color. It is near zoisite in composition,
and in part, at least, has been produced by the alteration of
feldspar.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Saut</hw>, <hw>Saute</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
assault.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sau`te"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sauter</u>.</def> <i>C. Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sau`ter"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F., properly, to
jump.] <def>To fry lightly and quickly, as meat, by turning or tossing
it over frequently in a hot pan greased with a little fat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Psalter.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sau`te*relle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An
instrument used by masons and others to trace and form
angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau`terne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A white
wine made in the district of <i>Sauterne</i>, France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sau"trie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Psaltery.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sau`ve*garde"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The monitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Save</u>. Cf.
<u>Salvable</u>.] <def>Capable of, or admitting of, being
saved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the person prayed for there ought to be the great
disposition of being in a <i>savable</i> condition.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Capability of
being saved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*va"ci*oun`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Salvation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sav"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sauvage</i>,
OF. <i>salvage</i>, fr. L. <i>silvaticus</i> belonging to a wood,
wild, fr. <i>silva</i> a wood. See <u>Silvan</u>, and cf.
<u>Sylvatic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
forest; remote from human abodes and cultivation; in a state of
nature; wild; as, a <i>savage</i> wilderness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wild; untamed; uncultivated; as,
<i>savage</i> beasts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cornels, and <i>savage</i> berries of the
wood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Uncivilized; untaught; unpolished; rude;
as, <i>savage</i> life; <i>savage</i> manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What nation, since the commencement of the Christian
era, ever rose from <i>savage</i> to civilized without
Christianity?</blockquote> <i>E. D. Griffin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by cruelty; barbarous;
fierce; ferocious; inhuman; brutal; as, a <i>savage</i>
spirit.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ferocious; wild; uncultivated; untamed; untaught;
uncivilized; unpolished; rude; brutish; brutal; heathenish; barbarous;
cruel; inhuman; fierce; pitiless; merciless; unmerciful; atrocious.
See <u>Ferocious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sav"age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
human being in his native state of rudeness; one who is untaught,
uncivilized, or without cultivation of mind or manners.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man of extreme, unfeeling, brutal
cruelty; a barbarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
savage.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Its bloodhounds, <i>savaged</i> by a cross of
wolf.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"age*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a savage
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav"age*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being savage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wolves and bears, they say,<BR>
Casting their <i>savageness</i> aside have done<BR>
Like offices of pity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"age*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sauvagerie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being savage;
savageness; savagism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A like work of primeval <i>savagery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act of cruelty; barbarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wildest <i>savagery</i>, the vilest stroke,<BR>
That ever wall-eyed wrath or staring rage<BR>
Presented to the tears of soft remorse.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wild growth, as of plants.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"a*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being savage; the state of rude, uncivilized men, or of men in their
native wildness and rudeness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav`a*nil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The tarpum.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*van"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of American Indian
origin; cf. Sp. <i>sabana</i>, F. <i>savane</i>.] <def>A tract of
level land covered with the vegetable growth usually found in a damp
soil and warm climate, -- as grass or reeds, -- but destitute of
trees.</def> [Spelt also <i>savannah</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Savannahs</i> are clear pieces of land without
woods.</blockquote> <i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Savanna flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian
name for several climbing apocyneous plants of the genus
<i>Echites</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Savanna sparrow</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American sparrow (<i>Ammodramus
sandwichensis</i> or <i>Passerculus savanna</i>) of which several
varieties are found on grassy plains from Alaska to the Eastern United
States.</cd> -- <col><b>Savanna wattle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
name of two West Indian trees of the genus
<i>Citharexylum</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`vant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Savants</b></plw> (F. &?;; E. &?;). [F., fr. <i>savoir</i> to
know, L. <i>sapere</i>. See <u>Sage</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A
man of learning; one versed in literature or science; a person eminent
for acquirements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Save</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sage</u> the herb.]
<def>The herb sage, or salvia.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Save</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Saved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Saving</u>.] [OE. <i>saven</i>, <i>sauven</i>, <i>salven</i>, OF.
<i>salver</i>, <i>sauver</i>, F. <i>sauver</i>, L. <i>salvare</i>, fr.
<i>salvus</i> saved, safe. See <u>Safe</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make safe; to procure the safety of; to
preserve from injury, destruction, or evil of any kind; to rescue from
impending danger; as, to <i>save</i> a house from the
flames.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>save</i> all this fair company.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He cried, saying, Lord, <i>save</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xiv. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast . . . quitted all to <i>save</i><BR>
A world from utter loss.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Specifically, to deliver
from sin and its penalty; to rescue from a state of condemnation and
spiritual death, and bring into a state of spiritual life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Christ Jesus came into the world to <i>save</i>
sinners.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. i. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To keep from being spent or lost; to secure
from waste or expenditure; to lay up; to reserve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now save a nation, and now <i>save</i> a
groat.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To rescue from something undesirable or
hurtful; to prevent from doing something; to spare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>save</i> you<BR>
That labor, sir. All's now done.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To hinder from doing, suffering, or
happening; to obviate the necessity of; to prevent; to
spare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will you not speak to <i>save</i> a lady's
blush?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To hold possession or use of; to escape
loss of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just <i>saving</i> the tide, and putting in a stock of
merit.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To save appearances</b></col>, <cd>to preserve a decent
outside; to avoid exposure of a discreditable state of
things.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To preserve; rescue; deliver; protect; spare;
reserve; prevent.</p>

<p><hw>Save</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To avoid unnecessary
expense or expenditure; to prevent waste; to be economical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brass ordnance <i>saveth</i> in the quantity of the
material.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Save</hw>, <pos><i>prep. or conj.</i></pos> [F. <i>sauf</i>,
properly adj., safe. See <u>Safe</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Except; excepting; not including; leaving out; deducting;
reserving; saving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Five times received I forty stripes <i>save</i>
one.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. xi. 24.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Except</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Save</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Except;
unless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Save"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Savable</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Save"-all`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Save</i> +
<i>all</i>.] <def>Anything which saves fragments, or prevents waste or
loss.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A device in a
candlestick to hold the ends of candles, so that they be burned.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small sail sometimes set
under the foot of another sail, to catch the wind that would pass
under it.</def> <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A trough to prevent waste in a paper-making
machine.</p>

<p><hw>Sav"e*loy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cervelas</i>,
It. <i>cervellata</i>, fr. <i>cervello</i> brain, L.
<i>cerebellum</i>, dim. of <i>cerebrum</i> brain. See
<u>Cerebral</u>.] <def>A kind of dried sausage.</def>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Save"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Safely.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Save"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
saving.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
saves.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sav"in</hw>, <hw>Sav"ine</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>saveine</i>, AS. <i>safin&aelig;</i>, <i>savine</i>, L.
<i>sabina herba</i>. Cf. <u>Sabine</u>.] [Written also <i>sabine</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A coniferous shrub
(<i>Juniperus Sabina</i>) of Western Asia, occasionally found also in
the northern parts of the United States and in British America. It is
a compact bush, with dark-colored foliage, and produces small berries
having a glaucous bloom. Its bitter, acrid tops are sometimes used in
medicine for gout, amenorrh&oelig;a, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The North American red cedar (<i>Juniperus
Virginiana</i>.)</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Preserving; rescuing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is the <i>saving</i> strength of his
anointed.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxviii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Avoiding unnecessary expense or waste;
frugal; not lavish or wasteful; economical; as, a <i>saving</i>
cook.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bringing back in returns or in receipts the
sum expended; incurring no loss, though not gainful; as, a
<i>saving</i> bargain; the ship has made a <i>saving</i>
voyage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Making reservation or exception; as, a
<i>saving</i> clause.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Saving</i> is often used with a noun to form a compound
adjective; as, labor-<i>saving</i>, life-<i>saving</i>, etc.</p>

<p><! p. 1280 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ing</hw> (s&amacr;v"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>prep. or
conj.</i></pos>; but properly a <pos><i>participle</i></pos>.
<def>With the exception of; except; excepting; also, without
disrespect to.</def> "<i>Saving</i> your reverence." <i>Shak.</i>
"<i>Saving</i> your presence." <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>None of us put off our clothes, <i>saving</i> that
every one put them off for washing.</blockquote> <i>Neh. iv.
23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And in the stone a new name written, which no man
knoweth <i>saving</i> he that receiveth it.</blockquote> <i>Rev. ii.
17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something kept from being expended or lost; that which is saved
or laid up; as, the <i>savings</i> of years of economy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exception; reservation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Contend not with those that are too strong for us, but
still with a <i>saving</i> to honesty.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Savings bank</b></col>, <cd>a bank in which savings or
earnings are deposited and put at interest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a saving manner; with frugality or parsimony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>So as to be finally saved from eternal
death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Savingly</i> born of water and the
Spirit.</blockquote> <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being saving; carefulness not to expend money
uselessly; frugality; parsimony.</def> <i>Mrs. H. H. Jackson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tendency to promote salvation.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ior</hw> (s&amacr;v"y&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>saveour</i>, OF. <i>salveor</i>, F. <i>sauveur</i>, fr. L.
<i>salvator</i>, fr. <i>salvare</i> to save. See <u>Save</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>saviour</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who saves, preserves, or delivers from
destruction or danger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: <i>The</i> (or <i>our</i>,
<i>your</i>, etc.) <i>Savior</i>, he who brings salvation to men;
Jesus Christ, the Redeemer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav"ior*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
savior.</def> [Written also saviouress.] [R.] <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>savour</i>,
<i>savor</i>, <i>savur</i>, OF. <i>savor</i>, <i>savour</i>, F.
<i>saveur</i>, fr. L. <i>sapor</i>, fr. <i>sapere</i> to taste, savor.
See <u>Sage</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sapid</u>,
<u>Insipid</u>, <u>Sapor</u>.] [Written also <i>savour</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That property of a thing which affects the
organs of taste or smell; taste and odor; flavor; relish; scent; as,
the <i>savor</i> of an orange or a rose; an ill
<i>savor</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I smell sweet <i>savors</i> and I feel soft
things.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, specific flavor or quality;
characteristic property; distinctive temper, tinge, taint, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why is not my life a continual joy, and the
<i>savor</i> of heaven perpetually upon my spirit?</blockquote>
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sense of smell; power to scent, or trace by
scent.</def> [R.] "Beyond my <i>savor</i>." <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pleasure; delight; attractiveness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She shall no <i>savor</i> have therein but
lite.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Taste; flavor; relish; odor; scent; smell.</p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Savored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Savoring</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>savorer</i>, F. <i>savourer</i>. See
<u>Savor</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>savour</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a particular smell or taste; -- with
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To partake of the quality or nature; to
indicate the presence or influence; to smack; -- with
<i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>savors</i> not much of
distraction.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have rejected everything that <i>savors</i> of
party.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To use the sense of taste.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By sight, hearing, smelling, tasting or
<i>savoring</i>, and feeling.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
perceive by the smell or the taste; hence, to perceive; to note.</def>
[Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have the flavor or quality of; to
indicate the presence of.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That cuts us off from hope, and <i>savors</i> only<BR>
Rancor and pride, impatience and despite.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To taste or smell with pleasure; to delight
in; to relish; to like; to favor.</def> [R.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a savory
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being savory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no savor;
destitute of smell or of taste; insipid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Savory.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a savory
manner.</def> [Obs.] <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*ous</hw> (-&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>savoureux</i>, OF. <i>saveros</i>, L. <i>saporosus</i>. Cf.
<u>Saporous</u>, and see <u>Savor</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Having a savor; savory.</def> [Obs.] <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vor*y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Savor</u>.] <def>Pleasing to the organs of taste or smell.</def>
[Written also <i>savoury</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The chewing flocks<BR>
Had ta'en their supper on the <i>savory</i> herb.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa"vo*ry</hw> (s&amacr;"v&osl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>savor&eacute;e</i>; cf. It. <i>santoreggia</i>,
<i>satureja</i>, L. <i>satureia</i>,] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aromatic
labiate plant (<i>Satureia hortensis</i>), much used in cooking; --
also called <i>summer savory</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>savoury</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sa*voy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chou de
Savoie</i> cabbage of Savoy.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A variety of the
common cabbage (<i>Brassica oleracea major</i>), having curled leaves,
-- much cultivated for winter use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sav`oy*ard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A native
or inhabitant of Savoy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw</hw> (s&add;), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>See</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sawe</i>, AS. sagu; akin
to <i>secgan</i> to say. See <u>Say</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> and
cf. <u>Saga</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something said; speech; discourse.</def>
[Obs.] "To hearken all his <i>sawe</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A saying; a proverb; a maxim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His champions are the prophets and apostles,<BR>
His weapons holy <i>saws</i> of sacred writ.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dictate; command; decree.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[Love] rules the creatures by his powerful
<i>saw</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sawe</i>, AS.
<i>sage</i>; akin to D. <i>zaag</i>, G. <i>s&auml;ge</i>, OHG.
<i>sega</i>, <i>saga</i>, Dan. <i>sav</i>, Sw. <i>s&aring;g</i>, Icel.
<i>s&ouml;g</i>, L. <i>secare</i> to cut, <i>securis</i> ax,
<i>secula</i> sickle. Cf. <u>Scythe</u>, <u>Sickle</u>,
<u>Section</u>, <u>Sedge</u>.] <def>An instrument for cutting or
dividing substances, as wood, iron, etc., consisting of a thin blade,
or plate, of steel, with a series of sharp teeth on the edge, which
remove successive portions of the material by cutting and
tearing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Saw</i> is frequently used adjectively, or as the first
part of a compound.</p>

<p><col><b>Band saw</b></col>, <col><b>Crosscut saw</b></col>, etc.
<cd>See under <u>Band</u>, <u>Crosscut</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Circular saw</b></col>, <cd>a disk of steel with saw teeth
upon its periphery, and revolved on an arbor.</cd> -- <col><b>Saw
bench</b></col>, <cd>a bench or table with a flat top for for sawing,
especially with a circular saw which projects above the table.</cd> --
<col><b>Saw file</b></col>, <cd>a three-cornered file, such as is used
for sharpening saw teeth.</cd> -- <col><b>Saw frame</b></col>, <cd>the
frame or sash in a sawmill, in which the saw, or gang of saws, is
held.</cd> -- <col><b>Saw gate</b></col>, <cd>a saw frame.</cd> --
<col><b>Saw gin</b></col>, <cd>the form of cotton gin invented by Eli
Whitney, in which the cotton fibers are drawn, by the teeth of a set
of revolving circular saws, through a wire grating which is too fine
for the seeds to pass.</cd> -- <col><b>Saw grass</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any one of certain cyperaceous plants having the
edges of the leaves set with minute sharp teeth, especially the
<i>Cladium Mariscus</i> of Europe, and the <i>Cladium effusum</i> of
the Southern United States. Cf. <i>Razor grass</i>, under
<u>Razor</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Saw log</b></col>, <cd>a log of suitable
size for sawing into lumber.</cd> -- <col><b>Saw mandrel</b></col>,
<cd>a mandrel on which a circular saw is fastened for running.</cd> --
<col><b>Saw pit</b></col>, <cd>a pit over which timbor is sawed by two
men, one standing below the timber and the other above.</cd>
<i>Mortimer.</i> -- <col><b>Saw sharpener</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the great titmouse; -- so named from its
harsh call note.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Saw whetter</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the marsh titmouse (<i>Parus palustris</i>);
-- so named from its call note.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Scroll
saw</b></col>, <cd>a ribbon of steel with saw teeth upon one edge,
stretched in a frame and adapted for sawing curved outlines; also, a
machine in which such a saw is worked by foot or power.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Saw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Sawed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sawed</u> or <u>Sawn</u>
(&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sawing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut with a saw; to separate with a saw; as,
to <i>saw</i> timber or marble.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form by cutting with a saw; as, to
<i>saw</i> boards or planks, that is, to saw logs or timber into
boards or planks; to <i>saw</i> shingles; to <i>saw</i> out a
panel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Also used figuratively; as, to <i>saw</i>
the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
use a saw; to practice sawing; as, a man <i>saws</i> well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut, as a saw; as, the saw or mill
<i>saws</i> fast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be cut with a saw; as, the timber
<i>saws</i> smoothly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sa*war"ra nut`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Souari nut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"bel`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
alewife.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Saw"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
merganser.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Saw"bones`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nickname for a
surgeon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"buck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sawhorse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"ce*flem</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sauseflem</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Saw"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A corrupt spelling
and pronunciation of <i>solder</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Soft sawder</b></col>, <cd>seductive praise; flattery;
blarney.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Saw"dust`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dust or small
fragments of wood (or of stone, etc.) made by the cutting of a
saw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"er`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who saws; a
sawyer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of elasmobranch fishes of the genus
<i>Pristis</i>. They have a sharklike form, but are more nearly allied
to the rays. The flattened and much elongated snout has a row of stout
toothlike structures inserted along each edge, forming a sawlike organ
with which it mutilates or kills its prey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"fly`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to
the family <i>Tenthredinid&aelig;</i>. The female usually has an
ovipositor containing a pair of sawlike organs with which she makes
incisions in the leaves or stems of plants in which to lay the eggs.
The larv&aelig; resemble those of Lepidoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"horse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of rack,
shaped like a double St. Andrew's cross, on which sticks of wood are
laid for sawing by hand; -- called also <i>buck</i>, and
<i>sawbuck</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"mill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mill for
sawing, especially one for sawing timber or lumber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"neb`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A merganser.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Saw" pal*met"to</hw>. <def>See under <u>Palmetto</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"-set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
used to set or turn the teeth of a saw a little sidewise, that they
may make a kerf somewhat wider than the thickness of the blade, to
prevent friction; -- called also <i>saw-wrest</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"tooth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An arctic seal (<i>Lobodon carcinophaga</i>), having the molars
serrated; -- called also <i>crab-eating seal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"-toothed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
tooth or teeth like those of a saw; serrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A psaltery.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saw"-whet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small North American owl (<i>Nyctale Acadica</i>), destitute of
ear tufts and having feathered toes; -- called also <i>Acadian
owl</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"-wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the composite genus <i>Serratula</i>; -- so named
from the serrated leaves of most of the species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"-wrest`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Saw-
set</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saw"yer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Saw</i> + <i>-
yer</i>, as in lawyer. Cf. <u>Sawer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
whose occupation is to saw timber into planks or boards, or to saw
wood for fuel; a sawer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tree which has fallen into a stream so
that its branches project above the surface, rising and falling with a
rocking or swaying motion in the current.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bowfin.</def>
[Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>seax</i> a knife.]
<def>A kind of chopping instrument for trimming the edges of roofing
slates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"a*tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saxatilis</i>,
fr. <i>saxum</i> a rock: cf. F. <i>saxatile</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to rocks; living among rocks; as, a <i>saxatile</i>
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
name given to a numerous family of brass wind instruments with valves,
invented by Antoine Joseph Adolphe <i>Sax</i> (known as Adolphe Sax),
of Belgium and Paris, and much used in military bands and in
orchestras.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax`i*ca"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>saxicavas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Saxicav&aelig;</b></plw>
(#). [NL. See <u>Saxicavous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species
of marine bivalve shells of the genus <i>Saxicava</i>. Some of the
species are noted for their power of boring holes in limestone and
similar rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax`i*ca"vid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the saxicavas.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A saxicava.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax`i*ca"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saxum</i>
rock + <i>cavare</i> to make hollow, fr. <i>cavus</i> hollow: cf. F.
<i>saxicave</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Boring, or hollowing out,
rocks; -- said of certain mollusks which live in holes which they
burrow in rocks. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Lithodomus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax*ic"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>saxum</i> a
rock + <i>colere</i> to inhabit.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Stone-
inhabiting; pertaining to, or having the characteristics of, the
stonechats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax*ic"o*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Saxicoline</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing on rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sax*if"ra*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., saxifrage.
See <u>Saxifrage</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of exogenous
polypetalous plants, embracing about one hundred and eighty species.
See <u>Saxifrage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax`i*fra*ga"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants
(<i>Saxifragace&aelig;</i>) of which saxifrage is the type. The order
includes also the alum root, the hydrangeas, the mock orange, currants
and gooseberries, and many other plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax*if"ra*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Saxifrage</u>.] <def>Breaking or destroying stones;
saxifragous.</def> [R.] -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which breaks
or destroys stones.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sax"i*frage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saxifraga</i>, from <i>saxifragus</i> stone-breaking; <i>saxum</i>
rock + <i>frangere</i> to break: cf. F. <i>saxifrage</i>. See
<u>Fracture</u>, and cf. <u>Sassafras</u>, <u>Saxon</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus <i>Saxifraga</i>, mostly
perennial herbs growing in crevices of rocks in mountainous
regions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Burnet saxifrage</b></col>, <cd>a European umbelliferous
plant (<i>Pimpinella Saxifraga</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Golden
saxifrage</b></col>, <cd>a low half-succulent herb (<i>Chrysosplenium
oppositifolium</i>) growing in rivulets in Europe; also, <i>C.
Americanum</i>, common in the United States. See also under
<u>Golden</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Meadow saxifrage</b></col>, or
<col><b>Pepper saxifrage</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Meadow</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sax*if"ra*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>saxifragus</i>: cf. F. <i>saxifrage</i>. See <u>Saxifrage</u>.]
<def>Dissolving stone, especially dissolving stone in the
bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"on</hw> (s&abreve;ks"&ubreve;n <i>or</i> -'n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Saxo</i>, pl. <i>Saxones</i>, from the
Saxon national name; cf. AS. pl. <i>Seaxe</i>, <i>Seaxan</i>, fr.
<i>seax</i> a knife, a short sword, a dagger (akin to OHG.
<i>sahs</i>, and perhaps to L. <i>saxum</i> rock, stone, knives being
originally made of stone); and cf. G. <i>Sachse</i>, pl.
<i>Sachsen</i>. Cf. <u>Saxifrage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of a nation or people who formerly dwelt
in the northern part of Germany, and who, with other Teutonic tribes,
invaded and conquered England in the fifth and sixth centuries.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Also used in the sense of <i>Anglo-
Saxon</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A native or inhabitant of
modern Saxony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of the Saxons; Anglo-
Saxon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Old Saxon</b></col>, <cd>the Saxon of the continent of
Europe in the old form of the language, as shown particularly in the
"Heliand", a metrical narration of the gospel history preserved in
manuscripts of the 9th century.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sax"on</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Saxons, their country, or their language.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Anglo-Saxon.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to
Saxony or its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Saxon blue</b></col> <i>(Dyeing)</i>, <cd>a deep blue
liquid used in dyeing, and obtained by dissolving indigo in
concentrated sulphuric acid.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>Saxon
green</b></col> <i>(Dyeing)</i>, <cd>a green color produced by dyeing
with yellow upon a ground of Saxon blue.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sax*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to the
Saxons or Anglo- Saxons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"on*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An idiom of the
Saxon or Anglo-Saxon language.</def> <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sax"on*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in the
Saxon language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"on*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <i>Mountain soap</i>, under <u>Mountain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"o*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A.A.J. <i>Sax</i>,
the inventor (see <u>Saxhorn</u>) + Gr. &?; tone.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A wind instrument of brass, containing a reed, and partaking of
the qualities both of a brass instrument and of a clarinet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sax"-tu`ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Saxhorn</u>,
and <u>Tube</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A powerful instrument of brass,
curved somewhat like the Roman <i>buccina</i>, or tuba.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1281 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw> (s&amacr;), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>See</u>.
<def>Saw.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw> (s&amacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>assay</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Trial by sample; assay; sample;
specimen; smack.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If those principal works of God . . . be but certain
tastes and <i>says</i>, as it were, of that final
benefit.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy tongue some <i>say</i> of breeding
breathes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tried quality; temper; proof.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He found a sword of better <i>say</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Essay; trial; attempt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>To give a say at</b></col>, <cd>to attempt.</cd> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To try; to assay.</def>
[Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>saie</i>, F.
<i>saie</i>, fr. L. <i>saga</i>, equiv. to <i>sagum</i>, <i>sagus</i>,
a coarse woolen mantle; cf. Gr. <grk>sa`gos</grk>. See <u>Sagum</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of silk or satin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>say</i>, thou serge, nay, thou buckram
lord!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A delicate kind of serge, or woolen
cloth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His garment neither was of silk nor
<i>say</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Said</u> (s&ebreve;d), contracted from <i>sayed</i>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Saying</u>.] [OE. <i>seggen</i>,
<i>seyen</i>, <i>siggen</i>, <i>sayen</i>, <i>sayn</i>, AS.
<i>secgan</i>; akin to OS. <i>seggian</i>, D. <i>zeggen</i>, LG.
<i>seggen</i>, OHG. <i>sag&emacr;n</i>, G. <i>sagen</i>, Icel.
<i>segja</i>, Sw. <i>s&auml;ga</i>, Dan. <i>sige</i>, Lith.
<i>sakyti</i>; cf. OL. <i>insece</i> tell, relate, Gr.
<grk>'e`nnepe</grk> (for <grk>'en-sepe</grk>), <grk>'e`spete</grk>.
Cf. <u>Saga</u>, <u>Saw</u> a saying.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
utter or express in words; to tell; to speak; to declare; as, he
<i>said</i> many wise things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arise, and <i>say</i> how thou camest
here.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To repeat; to rehearse; to recite; to
pronounce; as, to <i>say</i> a lesson.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of my instruction hast thou nothing bated<BR>
In what thou hadst to <i>say</i>?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After which shall be <i>said</i> or sung the following
hymn.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To announce as a decision or opinion; to
state positively; to assert; hence, to form an opinion upon; to be
sure about; to be determined in mind as to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But what it is, hard is to <i>say</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mention or suggest as an estimate,
hypothesis, or approximation; hence, to suppose; -- in the imperative,
followed sometimes by the subjunctive; as, he had, <i>say</i> fifty
thousand dollars; the fox had run, <i>say</i> ten miles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Say</i>, for nonpayment that the debt should
double,<BR>
Is twenty hundred kisses such a trouble?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>It is said</b></col>, or <col><b>They say</b></col>, <cd>it
is commonly reported; it is rumored; people assert or maintain.</cd> -
- <col><b>That is to say</b></col>, <cd>that is; in other words;
otherwise.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To speak; to express an
opinion; to make answer; to reply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have <i>said</i>; but whether wisely or no, let the
forest judge.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To this argument we shall soon have <i>said</i>; for
what concerns it us to hear a husband divulge his household
privacies?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Say</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Say</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>; cf. <u>Saw</u> a saying.] <def>A speech; something said;
an expression of opinion; a current story; a maxim or proverb.</def>
[Archaic or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He no sooner said out his <i>say</i>, but up rises a
cunning snap.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That strange palmer's boding <i>say</i>,<BR>
That fell so ominous and drear<BR>
Full on the object of his fear.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Say"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who says; an
utterer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Curran was something much better than a
<i>sayer</i> of smart sayings.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sa*yette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. Cf. <u>Say</u> a
kind of serge.] <def>A mixed stuff, called also <i>sagathy</i>. See
<u>Sagathy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Say"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is said;
a declaration; a statement, especially a proverbial one; an aphorism;
a proverb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many are the <i>sayings</i> of the wise,<BR>
In ancient and in modern books enrolled.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Declaration; speech; adage; maxim; aphorism;
apothegm; saw; proverb; byword.</p>

<p><hw>Say"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Say</i> sample +
<i>man</i>.] <def>One who assays.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i> </p>

<p><hw>Say"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A master of
assay; one who tries or proves.</def> [Obs.] "Great <i>saymaster</i>
of state." <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Saynd</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Senge</u>, to singe.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>'Sblood</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An
abbreviation of <i>God's blood</i>; -- used as an oath.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scab</hw> (sk&abreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scab</i>,
<i>scabbe</i>, <i>shabbe</i>; cf. AS. <i>sc&aelig;b</i>,
<i>sceabb</i>, <i>scebb</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>skab</i>, and also L.
<i>scabies</i>, fr. <i>scabere</i> to scratch, akin to E.
<i>shave</i>. See <u>Shave</u>, and cf. <u>Shab</u>, <u>Shabby</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An incrustation over a sore, wound, vesicle,
or pustule, formed by the drying up of the discharge from the diseased
part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The itch in man; also, the scurvy.</def>
[Colloq. or Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The mange, esp. when it appears on
sheep.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A disease of potatoes producing pits in
their surface, caused by a minute fungus (<i>Tiburcinia
Scabies</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A slight irregular
protuberance which defaces the surface of a casting, caused by the
breaking away of a part of the mold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A mean, dirty, paltry fellow.</def> [Low]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A nickname for a workman who engages for
lower wages than are fixed by the trades unions; also, for one who
takes the place of a workman on a strike.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Scab</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scabbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scabbing</u>.] <def>To become covered with a scab; as, the wound
<i>scabbed</i> over.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scaubert</i>,
<i>scauberk</i>, OF. <i>escaubers</i>, <i>escauberz</i>, pl.,
scabbards, probably of German or Scan. origin; cf. Icel.
<i>sk&amacr;lpr</i> scabbard, and G. <i>bergen</i> to conceal. Cf.
<u>Hauberk</u>.] <def>The case in which the blade of a sword, dagger,
etc., is kept; a sheath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor in thy <i>scabbard</i> sheathe that famous
blade.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scabbard fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a long,
compressed, silver-colored t&aelig;nioid fish (<i>Lepidopus caudatus,
or argyreus</i>), found on the European coasts, and more abundantly
about New Zealand, where it is called <i>frostfish</i> and considered
an excellent food fish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bard</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put in a
scabbard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bard plane`</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Scaleboard plane</i>,
under <u>Scaleboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bed</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with scabs; diseased with scabs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Mean; paltry; vile; worthless.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Scabbiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scabby
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"bi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being scabby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scapple</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scabbier</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scabbiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Affected with scabs; full of scabs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Diseased with the scab, or mange;
mangy.</def> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sca"bi*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The itch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca"bi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scabiosus</i>,
from <i>scabies</i> the scab: cf. F. <i>scabieux</i>.] <def>Consisting
of scabs; rough; itchy; leprous; as, <i>scabious</i> eruptions.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sca"bi*ous</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>scabieuse</i>.
See <u>Scabious</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
plant of the genus <i>Scabiosa</i>, several of the species of which
are common in Europe. They resemble the <i>Composit&aelig;</i>, and
have similar heads of flowers, but the anthers are not
connected.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sweet scabious</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Mourning
bride</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A daisylike plant (<i>Erigeron
annuus</i>) having a stout branching stem.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scab"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Scapple</u>.]
<def>A fragment or chip of stone.</def> [Written also
<i>scabline</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sca*bred"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scabredo</i>, fr. <i>scaber</i> rough.] <def>Roughness;
ruggedness.</def> [Obs.] <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sca"brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scabrosus</i>,
fr. <i>scaber</i> rough: cf. F. <i>scabreux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rough to the touch, like a file; having small raised dots,
scales, or points; scabby; scurfy; scaly.</def> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Harsh; unmusical.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His verse is <i>scabrous</i> and hobbling.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sca"brous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being scabrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Elecampane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>sgadan</i>
a herring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
carangoid fish (<i>Trachurus saurus</i>) abundant on the European
coast, and less common on the American. The name is applied also to
several allied species.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The goggler; --
called also <i>big-eyed scad</i>. See <u>Goggler</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The friar skate.</def> [Scot.]
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The cigar fish, or round robin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaf"fold</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>eschafault</i>, <i>eschafaut</i>, <i>escafaut</i>,
<i>escadafaut</i>, F. <i>&eacute;chafaud</i>; probably originally the
same word as E. &amp; F. <i>catafalque</i>, It. <i>catafalco</i>. See
<u>Catafalque</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A temporary structure of
timber, boards, etc., for various purposes, as for supporting workmen
and materials in building, for exhibiting a spectacle upon, for
holding the spectators at a show, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pardon, gentles all,<BR>
The flat, unraised spirits that have dared<BR>
On this unworthy <i>scaffold</i> to bring forth<BR>
So great an object.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a stage or elevated platform
for the execution of a criminal; as, to die on the
<i>scaffold</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That a <i>scaffold</i> of execution should grow a
scaffold of coronation.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>An accumulation of
adherent, partly fused material forming a shelf, or dome-shaped
obstruction, above the tuy&egrave;res in a blast furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaf"fold</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish or
uphold with a scaffold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaf"fold*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
scaffold.</def> [R.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scaf"fold*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A scaffold; a supporting framework; as, the <i>scaffolding</i> of
the body.</def> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Materials for building scaffolds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scagl"ia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>scaglia</i> a
scale, a shell, a chip of marble.] <def>A reddish variety of
limestone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scagl*io"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>scagliuola</i>, dim. of <i>scaglia</i>. See <u>Scaglia</u>.]
<def>An imitation of any veined and ornamental stone, as marble,
formed by a substratum of finely ground gypsum mixed with glue, the
surface of which, while soft, is variegated with splinters of marble,
spar, granite, etc., and subsequently colored and polished.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sca"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scal&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a ladder.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A machine formerly employed for reducing
dislocations of the humerus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A term applied to any one of
the three canals of the cochlea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
scaled.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sca*lade"</hw> (?), <hw>Sca*la"do</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>See <u>Escalade</u>.</def>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sca"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>In
the quaternion analysis, a quantity that has magnitude, but not
direction; -- distinguished from a <i>vector</i>, which has both
magnitude and direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sca*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., flight of
steps.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of marine
gastropods of the genus <i>Scalaria</i>, or family
<i>Scalarid&aelig;</i>, having elongated spiral turreted shells, with
rounded whorls, usually crossed by ribs or varices. The color is
generally white or pale. Called also <i>ladder shell</i>, and
<i>wentletrap</i>. See <u>Ptenoglossa</u>, and
<u>Wentletrap</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca*lar"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scalare</i>, <i>scalaria</i>, staircase, ladder + <i>-form</i>: cf.
F. <i>scalariforme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a ladder
in form or appearance; having transverse bars or markings like the
rounds of a ladder; as, the <i>scalariform</i> cells and
<i>scalariform</i> pits in some plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to a
scalaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca"la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scalaris</i>,
fr. <i>scalae</i>, pl. <i>scala</i>, staircase, ladder.]
<def>Resembling a ladder; formed with steps.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scal"a*wag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scamp; a
scapegrace.</def> [Spelt also <i>scallawag</i>.] [Slang, U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scald</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scalded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scalding</u>.] [OF. <i>eschalder</i>, <i>eschauder</i>,
<i>escauder</i>, F. <i>&eacute;chauder</i>, fr. L. <i>excaldare</i>;
<i>ex + caldus</i>, <i>calidus</i>, warm, hot. See <u>Ex</u>, and
<u>Caldron</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To burn with hot liquid or
steam; to pain or injure by contact with, or immersion in, any hot
fluid; as, to <i>scald</i> the hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mine own tears<BR>
Do <i>scald</i> like molten lead.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here the blue flames of <i>scalding</i> brimstone
fall.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expose to a boiling or violent heat over
a fire, or in hot water or other liquor; as, to <i>scald</i> milk or
meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scald</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A burn, or injury to the
skin or flesh, by some hot liquid, or by steam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scald</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>scalled</i>. See
<u>Scall</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Affected with the scab;
scabby.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Scurvy; paltry; as, <i>scald</i>
rhymers.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scald crow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hooded
crow.</cd> [Ireland] -- <col><b>Scald head</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>a name popularly given to several diseases of the scalp
characterized by pustules (the dried discharge of which forms scales)
and by falling out of the hair.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scald</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Scurf on the head. See
<u>Scall</u>.</def> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scald</hw> (sk&abreve;ld or sk&add;ld; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sk&amacr;ld</i>.] <def>One of the
ancient Scandinavian poets and historiographers; a reciter and singer
of heroic poems, eulogies, etc., among the Norsemen; more rarely, a
bard of any of the ancient Teutonic tribes.</def> [Written also
<i>skald</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A war song such as was of yore chanted on the field of
battle by the <i>scalds</i> of the yet heathen Saxons.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scald"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Scandinavian
poet; a scald.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scald"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Scald</i>, a. +
<i>fish</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European flounder
(<i>Arnoglossus laterna</i>, or <i>Psetta arnoglossa</i>); -- called
also <i>megrim</i>, and <i>smooth sole</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scald"ic</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the scalds of the Norsemen; as, <i>scaldic</i>
poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw> (sk&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sc&amacr;le</i>; perhaps influenced by the kindred Icel.
<i>sk&amacr;l</i> balance, dish, akin also to D. <i>schaal</i> a
scale, bowl, shell, G. <i>schale</i>, OHG. <i>sc&amacr;la</i>, Dan.
<i>skaal</i> drinking cup, bowl, dish, and perh. to E. <i>scale</i> of
a fish. Cf. <u>Scale</u> of a fish, <u>Skull</u> the brain case.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The dish of a balance; hence, the balance
itself; an instrument or machine for weighing; as, to turn the
<i>scale</i>; -- chiefly used in the plural when applied to the whole
instrument or apparatus for weighing. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Long time in even <i>scale</i><BR>
The battle hung.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scales</i> are turned; her kindness weighs no
more<BR>
Now than my vows.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The sign or
constellation Libra.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Platform scale</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Platform</u>.</cd>  </p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scaled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scaling</u>.] <def>To weigh or measure according to a scale; to
measure; also, to grade or vary according to a scale or
system.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scaling</i> his present bearing with his
past.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>scale, or scale down</b></col>,
<col><b>a debt, wages, etc.</b></col>, <cd>to reduce a debt, etc.,
according to a fixed ratio or scale.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>scealu</i>,
<i>scalu</i>, a shell, parings; akin to D. <i>schaal</i>, G.
<i>schale</i>, OHG. <i>scala</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>skal</i> a shell, Dan.
<i>ski&aelig;l</i> a fish scale, Goth. <i>skalja</i> tile, and E.
<i>shale</i>, <i>shell</i>, and perhaps also to <i>scale</i> of a
balance; but perhaps rather fr. OF. <i>escale</i>, <i>escaile</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;caille</i> scale of a fish, and <i>&eacute;cale</i> shell
of beans, pease, eggs, nuts, of German origin, and akin to Goth.
<i>skalja</i>, G. <i>schale</i>. See <u>Shale</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the small, thin, membranous, bony or horny
pieces which form the covering of many fishes and reptiles, and some
mammals, belonging to the dermal part of the skeleton, or
dermoskeleton. See <u>Cycloid</u>, <u>Ctenoid</u>, and
<u>Ganoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fish that, with their fins and shining
<i>scales</i>,<BR>
Glide under the green wave.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any layer or leaf of metal or other
material, resembling in size and thinness the scale of a fish; as, a
<i>scale</i> of iron, of bone, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the small
scalelike structures covering parts of some invertebrates, as those on
the wings of Lepidoptera and on the body of Thysanura; the elytra of
certain annelids. See <u>Lepidoptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A scale insect. (See
below.)</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small appendage like a
rudimentary leaf, resembling the scales of a fish in form, and often
in arrangement; as, the <i>scale</i> of a bud, of a pine cone, and the
like. The name is also given to the chaff on the stems of
ferns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The thin metallic side plate of the handle
of a pocketknife. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Pocketknife</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An incrustation deposit on the inside of a
vessel in which water is heated, as a steam boiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The thin oxide which forms
on the surface of iron forgings. It consists essentially of the
magnetic oxide, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. Also, a similar coating
upon other metals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Covering scale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
hydrophyllium.</cd> -- <col><b>Ganoid scale</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Ganoid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scale
armor</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>armor made of small metallic scales
overlapping, and fastened upon leather or cloth.</cd> -- <col><b>Scale
beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the tiger beetle.</cd> --
<col><b>Scale carp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a carp having
normal scales.</cd> -- <col><b>Scale insect</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of small
hemipterous insects belonging to the family <i>Coccid&aelig;</i>, in
which the females, when adult, become more or less scalelike in form.
They are found upon the leaves and twigs of various trees and shrubs,
and often do great damage to fruit trees. See <u>Orange
scale</u>,under <u>Orange</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scale moss</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any leafy-stemmed moss of the order
<i>Hepatic&aelig;</i>; -- so called from the small imbricated
scalelike leaves of most of the species. See <u>Hepatica</u>, 2, and
<u>Jungermannia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1282 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To strip or clear of scale or scales; as, to <i>scale</i> a fish;
to <i>scale</i> the inside of a boiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take off in thin layers or scales, as
tartar from the teeth; to pare off, as a surface.</def> "If all the
mountains were <i>scaled</i>, and the earth made even." <i>T.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To scatter; to spread.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>To clean, as the inside of a
cannon, by the explosion of a small quantity of powder.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
separate and come off in thin layers or lamin&aelig;; as, some
sandstone <i>scales</i> by exposure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those that cast their shell are the lobster and crab;
the old skins are found, but the old shells never; so it is likely
that they <i>scale</i> off.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate; to scatter.</def> [Scot. &
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scalae</i>, pl.,
<i>scala</i> staircase, ladder; akin to <i>scandere</i> to climb. See
<u>Scan</u>; cf. <u>Escalade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ladder; a
series of steps; a means of ascending.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, anything graduated, especially when
employed as a measure or rule, or marked by lines at regular
intervals.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mathematical
instrument, consisting of a slip of wood, ivory, or metal, with one or
more sets of spaces graduated and numbered on its surface, for
measuring or laying off distances, etc., as in drawing, plotting, and
the like. See <u>Gunter's scale</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
series of spaces marked by lines, and representing proportionately
larger distances; as, a <i>scale</i> of miles, yards, feet, etc., for
a map or plan.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A basis for a numeral
system; as, the decimal <i>scale</i>; the binary <i>scale</i>,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The graduated series
of all the tones, ascending or descending, from the keynote to its
octave; -- called also the <i>gamut</i>. It may be repeated through
any number of octaves. See <i>Chromatic scale</i>, <i>Diatonic
scale</i>, <i>Major scale</i>, and <i>Minor scale</i>, under
<u>Chromatic</u>, <u>Diatonic</u>, <u>Major</u>, and
<u>Minor</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gradation; succession of ascending and
descending steps and degrees; progressive series; scheme of
comparative rank or order; as, a <i>scale</i> of being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a certain <i>scale</i> of duties . . . which
for want of studying in right order, all the world is in
confusion.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Relative dimensions, without difference in
proportion of parts; size or degree of the parts or components in any
complex thing, compared with other like things; especially, the
relative proportion of the linear dimensions of the parts of a
drawing, map, model, etc., to the dimensions of the corresponding
parts of the object that is represented; as, a map on a <i>scale</i>
of an inch to a mile.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scale of chords</b></col>, <cd>a graduated scale on which
are given the lengths of the chords of arcs from 0&deg; to 90&deg; in
a circle of given radius, -- used in measuring given angles and in
plotting angles of given numbers of degrees.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>scalare</i>,
fr. L. <i>scalae</i>, <i>scala</i>. See <u>Scale</u> a ladder.]
<def>To climb by a ladder, or as if by a ladder; to ascend by steps or
by climbing; to clamber up; as, to <i>scale</i> the wall of a
fort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oft have I <i>scaled</i> the craggy oak.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scale</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lead up by steps;
to ascend.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Satan from hence, now on the lower stair,<BR>
That <i>scaled</i> by steps of gold to heaven-gate,<BR>
Looks down with wonder.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scale"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of marine annelids of the family
<i>Polynoid&aelig;</i>, and allies, which have two rows of scales, or
elytra, along the back. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Ch&aelig;topoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scale"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The lever or beam of a balance; the lever of a platform scale, to
which the poise for weighing is applied.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weighing apparatus with a sliding weight,
resembling a steelyard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scale"board`</hw> (?; <i>commonly</i> &?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [3d <i>scale</i> + <i>board</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A thin slip of wood used to
justify a page.</def> [Obs.] <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thin veneer of leaf of wood used for
covering the surface of articles of furniture, and the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scaleboard plane</b></col>, <cd>a plane for cutting from a
board a wide shaving forming a scaleboard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scaled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered with scales, or scalelike structures; -- said of a fish,
a reptile, a moth, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without scales, or with the scales removed;
as, <i>scaled</i> herring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having feathers which
in form, color, or arrangement somewhat resemble scales; as, the
<i>scaled</i> dove.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scaled dove</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any American
dove of the genus <i>Scardafella</i>. Its colored feather tips
resemble scales.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scale"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca*lene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scalenus</i>,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>scal&egrave;ne</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having the sides and angles
unequal; -- said of a triangle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having
the axis inclined to the base, as a cone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Designating several triangular muscles called <i>scalene
muscles</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the
scalene muscles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scalene muscles</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a group of
muscles, usually three on each side in man, extending from the
cervical vertebr&aelig; to the first and second ribs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sca*lene"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
triangle having its sides and angles unequal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca*le`no*he"dral</hw>
(sk&adot;*l&emacr;`n&osl;*h&emacr;"dr<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
scalenohedron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca*le`no*he"dron</hw> (-dr&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>skalhno`s</grk> uneven + <grk>"e`dra</grk> seat, base.]
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A pyramidal form under the rhombohedral
system, inclosed by twelve faces, each a scalene triangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, scales; specifically, a dentist's instrument for removing
tartar from the teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scale"-winged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the wings covered with small scalelike
structures, as the Lepidoptera; scaly-winged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being scaly; roughness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"ing</hw> (sk&amacr;l"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Adapted for removing scales, as from a fish;
as, a <i>scaling</i> knife; adapted for removing scale, as from the
interior of a steam boiler; as, a <i>scaling</i> hammer, bar,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Serving as an aid in clambering; as, a
<i>scaling</i> ladder, used in assaulting a fortified place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal*io"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Scagliola</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skalli</i> a
bald head. Cf. <u>Scald</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A scurf or
scabby disease, especially of the scalp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a dry <i>scall</i>, even a leprosy upon the
head.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xiii. 30.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scall</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Scabby; scurfy.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scalled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Scabby; scurfy;
scall.</def> [Obs.] "With <i>scalled</i> brows black."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scalled head</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <i>Scald
head</i>, under <u>Scald</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Scal"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escalone</i>,
<i>eschaloingne</i>, L. <i>caepa Ascalonia</i> onion of Ascalon;
<i>caepa</i> onion + <i>Ascalonius</i> of Ascalon,  fr. <i>Ascalo</i>
Ascalon, a town in Palestine. Cf. <u>Shallot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of small onion (<i>Allium Ascalonicum</i>),
native of Palestine; the eschalot, or shallot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any onion which does not "bottom out," but
remains with a thick stem like a leek.</def> <i>Amer. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scal"lop</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escalope</i> a shell, probably of German or Dutch origin, and akin
to E. <i>scale of a fish</i>; cf. D. <i>schelp</i> shell. See
<u>Scale</u> of a fish, and cf. <u>Escalop</u>.] [Written also
<i>scollop</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one
of numerous species of marine bivalve mollusks of the genus Pecten and
allied genera of the family <i>Pectinid&aelig;</i>. The shell is
usually radially ribbed, and the edge is therefore often undulated in
a characteristic manner. The large adductor muscle of some the species
is much used as food. One species (<i>Vola Jacob&aelig;us</i>) occurs
on the coast of Palestine, and its shell was formerly worn by pilgrims
as a mark that they had been to the Holy Land. Called also <i>fan
shell</i>. See <u>Pecten</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common edible scallop of the Eastern United States is
<i>Pecten irradians</i>; the large sea scallop, also used as food, is
<i>P. Clintonius, or tenuicostatus</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of series of segments of circles joined
at their extremities, forming a border like the edge or surface of a
scallop shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the shells of a scallop; also, a
dish resembling a scallop shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"lop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scalloped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scalloping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark or cut the edge or
border of into segments of circles, like the edge or surface of a
scallop shell. See <u>Scallop</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>To bake in scallop shells
or dishes; to prepare with crumbs of bread or cracker, and bake. See
<i>Scalloped oysters</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"loped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with a scallop; made or done with or in a
scallop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the edge or border cut or marked
with segments of circles. See <u>Scallop</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Baked in a scallop; cooked
with crumbs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scalloped oysters</b></col> <i>(Cookery)</i>, <cd>opened
oysters baked in a deep dish with alternate layers of bread or cracker
crumbs, seasoned with pepper, nutmeg, and butter. This was at first
done in scallop shells.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scal"lop*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fishes
for scallops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"lop*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fishing for
scallops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scalp</hw> (sk&abreve;lp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Scallop</u>.] <def>A bed of oysters or mussels.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Scalp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps akin to D.
<i>schelp</i> shell. Cf. <u>Scallop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
part of the integument of the head which is usually covered with
hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the bare <i>scalp</i> of Robin Hodd's fat friar,<BR>
This fellow were a king for our wild faction!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part of the skin of the head, with the
hair attached, cut or torn off from an enemy by the Indian warriors of
North America, as a token of victory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The top; the summit.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scalp lock</b></col>, <cd>a long tuft of hair left on the
crown of the head by the warriors of some tribes of American
Indians.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scalp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scalped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scalping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the scalp; to
cut or tear the scalp from the head of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>To remove the skin
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must <i>scalp</i> the whole lid [of the
eye].</blockquote> <i>J. S. Wells.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Milling)</i> <def>To brush the hairs or fuzz
from, as wheat grains, in the process of high milling.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scalp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a small, quick
profit by slight fluctuations of the market; -- said of brokers who
operate in this way on their own account.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Scal"pel</hw> (sk&abreve;l"p&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>scalpellum</i>, dim. of <i>scalprum</i> a knife, akin to
<i>scalpere</i> to cut, carve, scrape: cf. F. <i>scalpel</i>.]
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A small knife with a thin, keen blade, -- used by
surgeons, and in dissecting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scalper</hw> (sk&abreve;lp"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, scalps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Same as <i>Scalping
iron</i>, under <u>Scalping</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A broker who, dealing on his own account,
tries to get a small and quick profit from slight fluctuations of the
market.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person who buys and sells the unused
parts of railroad tickets.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Scalp"ing</hw> (sk&abreve;lp"&ibreve;ng), <def><pos><i>a. &
n.</i></pos> from <u>Scalp</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scalping iron</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>an instrument
used in scraping foul and carious bones; a raspatory.</cd> --
<col><b>Scalping knife</b></col>, <cd>a knife used by North American
Indians in scalping.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scal"pri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scalprum</i> chisel, knife + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Shaped like a chisel; as, the <i>scalpriform</i> incisors of
rodents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scal"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered or abounding with scales; as, a <i>scaly</i> fish.</def>
"<i>Scaly</i> crocodile." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling scales, lamin&aelig;, or
layers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mean; low; as, a <i>scaly</i> fellow.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Composed of scales lying over
each other; as, a <i>scaly</i> bulb; covered with scales; as, a
<i>scaly</i> stem.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scaly ant-eater</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
pangolin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scal"y-winged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Scale-winged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scam"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scambled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scambling</u>.] [Cf. OD. <i>schampelen</i> to deviate, to slip,
<i>schampen</i> to go away, escape, slip, and E. <i>scamper</i>,
<i>shamble</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move awkwardly; to be
shuffling, irregular, or unsteady; to sprawl; to shamble.</def> "Some
<i>scambling</i> shifts." <i>Dr. H. More.</i> "A fine old hall, but a
<i>scambling</i> house." <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move about pushing and jostling; to be
rude and turbulent; to scramble.</def> "The <i>scambling</i> and
unquiet time did push it out of . . . question." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scam"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mangle.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scam"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>1. One who
scambles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bold intruder upon the hospitality of
others; a mealtime visitor.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Scam"bling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scambling manner; with turbulence and noise; with bold
intrusiveness.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scam"ell</hw> (?), or <hw>Scam"mel</hw> },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The female bar-tailed
godwit.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; Whether this is the <i>scamel</i> mentioned by Shakespeare
["Tempest," ii. 2] is not known.</p>

<p><hw>||Sca*mil"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scamilli</b></plw> (#). [L., originally, a little bench, dim.
of <i>scamnum</i> bench, stool.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A sort of second
plinth or block, below the bases of Ionic and Corinthian columns,
generally without moldings, and of smaller size horizontally than the
pedestal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scam*mo"ni*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made from
scammony; as, a <i>scammoniate</i> aperient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scam"mo*ny</hw> (sk&abreve;m"m&osl;*n&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>scammon&eacute;e</i>, L. <i>scammonia</i>,
<i>scammonea</i>, Gr. <grk>skammwni`a</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of bindweed or Convolvulus (<i>C.
Scammonia</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inspissated sap obtained from the root
of the <i>Convolvulus Scammonia</i>, of a blackish gray color, a
nauseous smell like that of old cheese, and a somewhat acrid taste. It
is used in medicine as a cathartic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scamp</hw> (sk&abreve;mp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escamper</i> to run away, to make one's escape. Originally, one who
runs away, a fugitive, a vagabond. See <u>Scamper</u>.] <def>A rascal;
a swindler; a rogue.</def> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scamp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Scamp</u>,<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <u>Scant</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Skimp</u>.] <def>To perform in a hasty,
neglectful, or imperfect manner; to do superficially.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A workman is said to <i>scamp</i> his work when he does
it in a superficial, dishonest manner.</blockquote>
<i>Wedgwood.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Much of the <i>scamping</i> and dawdling complained of
is that of men in establishments of good repute.</blockquote> <i>T.
Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Scam`pa*vi"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A
long, low war galley used by the Neapolitans and Sicilians in the
early part of the nineteenth century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scam"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scampered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scampering</u>.] [OF. <i>escamper</i> to escape, to save one's
self; L. <i>ex</i> from + <i>campus</i> the field (sc. of battle). See
<u>Camp</u>, and cf. <u>Decamp</u>, <u>Scamp</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Shamble</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
run with speed; to run or move in a quick, hurried manner; to hasten
away.</def> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lady, however, . . . could not help
<i>scampering</i> about the room after a mouse.</blockquote> <i>S.
Sharpe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scam"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scampering; a hasty
flight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scam"per*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scampers.</def> <i>Tyndell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scamp"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or like a
scamp; knavish; as, <i>scampish</i> conduct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan</hw> (sk&abreve;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scanned</u> (sk&abreve;nd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scanning</u>.] [L. <i>scandere</i>, <i>scansum</i>, to
climb, to scan, akin to Skr. <i>skand</i> to spring, leap: cf. F.
<i>scander</i>. Cf. <u>Ascend</u>, <u>Descend</u>, <u>Scale</u> a
ladder.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mount by steps; to go through with
step by step.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor stayed till she the highest stage had
<i>scand</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically <i>(Pros.)</i>, to go through
with, as a verse, marking and distinguishing the feet of which it is
composed; to show, in reading, the metrical structure of; to recite
metrically.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go over and examine point by point; to
examine with care; to look closely at or into; to
scrutinize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The actions of men in high stations are all
conspicuous, and liable to be <i>scanned</i> and sifted.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>scandale</i>,
fr. L. <i>scandalum</i>, Gr. &?;, a snare laid for an enemy, a
stumbling block, offense, scandal: cf. OE. <i>scandle</i>, OF.
<i>escandle</i>. See <u>Slander</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Offense
caused or experienced; reproach or reprobation called forth by what is
regarded as wrong, criminal, heinous, or flagrant: opprobrium or
disgrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, what a <i>scandal</i> is it to our crown,<BR>
That two such noble peers as ye should jar!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[I] have brought <i>scandal</i><BR>
To Israel, diffidence of God, and doubt<BR>
In feeble hearts.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reproachful aspersion; opprobrious censure;
defamatory talk, uttered heedlessly or maliciously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You must not put another <i>scandal</i> on
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My known virtue is from <i>scandal</i>
free.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Equity)</i> <def>Anything alleged in
pleading which is impertinent, and is reproachful to any person, or
which derogates from the dignity of the court, or is contrary to good
manners.</def> <i>Daniell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Defamation; detraction; slander; calumny;
opprobrium; reproach; shame; disgrace.</p>

<p><! p. 1283 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To treat opprobriously; to defame; to asperse; to traduce; to
slander.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I do fawn on men and hug them hard<BR>
And after <i>scandal</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To scandalize; to offend.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Story.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To defame; traduce; reproach; slander; calumniate;
asperse; vilify; disgrace.</p>

<p><hw>Scan"dal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scandalized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scandalizing</u> (&?;).] [F. <i>scandaliser</i>, L.
<i>scandalizare</i>, from Gr. <grk>skandali`zein</grk>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To offend the feelings or the conscience of (a
person) by some action which is considered immoral or criminal; to
bring shame, disgrace, or reproach upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I demand who they are whom we <i>scandalize</i> by
using harmless things.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The congregation looked on in silence, the better class
<i>scandalized</i>, and the lower orders, some laughing, others
backing the soldier or the minister, as their fancy
dictated.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reproach; to libel; to defame; to
slander.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To tell his tale might be interpreted into
<i>scandalizing</i> the order.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dal*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scandaleux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Giving offense to the
conscience or moral feelings; exciting reprobation; calling out
condemnation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing <i>scandalous</i> or offensive unto
any.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disgraceful to reputation; bringing shame
or infamy; opprobrious; as, a <i>scandalous</i> crime or
vice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Defamatory; libelous; as, a
<i>scandalous</i> story.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dal*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a manner to give offense; shamefully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His discourse at table was <i>scandalously</i>
unbecoming the dignity of his station.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With a disposition to impute immorality or
wrong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shun their fault, who, <i>scandalously</i> nice,<BR>
Will needs mistake an author into vice.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dal*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being scandalous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scan"da*lum mag*na"tum`</hw> (?). [L., scandal of magnates.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A defamatory speech or writing published to the
injury of a person of dignity; -- usually abbreviated scan.
mag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scandens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>scandere</i> to climb.]
<def>Climbing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Scandent plants may climb either by twining, as the hop, or
by twisted leafstalks, as the clematis, or by tendrils, as the passion
flower, or by rootlets, as the ivy.</p>

<p><hw>Scan"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Scandium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A chemical earth, the oxide of
scandium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to scandium; derived from, or containing,
scandium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan`di*na"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Scandinavia, that is, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Scandinavia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So called
because found in <i>Scandinavian</i> minerals.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
rare metallic element of the boron group, whose existence was
predicted under the provisional name <i>ekaboron</i> by means of the
periodic law, and subsequently discovered by spectrum analysis in
certain rare Scandinavian minerals (<i>euxenite</i> and
<i>gadolinite</i>). It has not yet been isolated. Symbol Sc. Atomic
weight 44.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scansio</i>,
fr. <i>scandere</i>, <i>scansum</i>, to climb. See <u>Scan</u>.]
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>The act of scanning; distinguishing the metrical
feet of a verse by emphasis, pauses, or otherwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scan*so"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>scandere</i>, <i>scansum</i>, to climb.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An artifical group of birds formerly regarded as an order. They
are distributed among several orders by modern
ornithologists.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The toes are in pairs, two before and two behind, by which
they are enabled to cling to, and climb upon, trees, as the
woodpeckers, parrots, cuckoos, and trogons. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Aves</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Scan*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Capable of climbing; as,
the woodpecker is a <i>scansorial</i> bird; adapted for climbing; as,
a <i>scansorial</i> foot.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Scansores. See <i>Illust.</i>. under
<u>Aves</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scansorial tail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tail
in which the feathers are stiff and sharp at the tip, as in the
woodpeckers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Scanter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scantest</u>.] [Icel.
<i>skamt</i>, neuter of <i>skamr</i>, <i>skammr</i>, short; cf.
<i>skamta</i> to dole out, to portion.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
full, large, or plentiful; scarcely sufficient; less than is wanted
for the purpose; scanty; meager; not enough; as, a <i>scant</i>
allowance of provisions or water; a <i>scant</i> pattern of cloth for
a garment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His sermon was <i>scant</i>, in all, a quarter of an
hour.</blockquote> <i>Ridley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sparing; parsimonious; chary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be somewhat <i>scanter</i> of your maiden
presence.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See under <u>Scanty</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Scant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scanting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To limit; to straiten; to
treat illiberally; to stint; as, to <i>scant</i> one in provisions; to
<i>scant</i> ourselves in the use of necessaries.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where a man hath a great living laid together and where
he is <i>scanted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>scanted</i> in the pleasure of dwelling on your
actions.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut short; to make small, narrow, or
scanty; to curtail.</def> "<i>Scant</i> not my cups." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fail, or become
less; to scantle; as, the wind <i>scants</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scant</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scant manner; with
difficulty; scarcely; hardly.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So weak that he was <i>scant</i> able to go down the
stairs.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Scantness;
scarcity.</def> [R.] <i>T. Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scanty
manner; not fully; not plentifully; sparingly;
parsimoniously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His mind was very <i>scantily</i> stored with
materials.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or
condition of being scanty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scan"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>scant</i>, v.] <def>To be deficient; to fail.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scan"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escanteler</i>, <i>eschanteler</i>, to break into contles; pref.
<i>es-</i> (L. <i>ex</i>) + <i>cantel</i>, <i>chantel</i>, corner,
side, piece. Confused with E. <i>scant</i>. See <u>Cantle</u>.]
<def>To scant; to be niggard of; to divide into small pieces; to cut
short or down.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All their pay<BR>
Must your discretion <i>scantle</i>; keep it back.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>eschantelet</i> corner.] <def>A small pattern; a small
quantity.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Scant</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Not plentiful; small; scanty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>eschantillon</i>, F. <i>&eacute;chantillon</i>, a sample, pattern,
example. In some senses confused with <i>scant</i> insufficient. See
<u>Scantle</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
fragment; a bit; a little piece.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A piece or quantity cut for a special
purpose; a sample.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such as exceed not this <i>scantling</i>; -- to be
solace to the sovereign and harmless to the people.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A pretty <i>scantling</i> of his knowledge may taken by
his deferring to be baptized so many years.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small quantity; a little bit; not
much.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Reducing them to narrow <i>scantlings</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of timber sawed or cut of a small
size, as for studs, rails, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The dimensions of a piece of timber with
regard to its breadth and thickness; hence, the measure or dimensions
of anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A rough draught; a rude sketch or
outline.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A frame for casks to lie upon; a
trestle.</def> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a scant manner; not fully or sufficiently; narrowly;
penuriously.</def> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Scarcely; hardly; barely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scantly</i> they durst their feeble eyes
dispread<BR>
Upon that town.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We hold a tourney here to-morrow morn,<BR>
And there is <i>scantly</i> time for half the work.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being scant; narrowness; smallness; insufficiency;
scantiness.</def> "<i>Scantness</i> of outward things."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scant"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scantier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scantiest</u>.] [From <u>Scant</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting amplitude or
extent; narrow; small; not abundant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His dominions were very narrow and
<i>scanty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>scantier</i> limits the proud arch
confine.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Somewhat less than is needed; insufficient;
scant; as, a <i>scanty</i> supply of words; a <i>scanty</i> supply of
bread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sparing; niggardly; parsimonious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In illustrating a point of difficulty, be not too
<i>scanty</i> of words.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Scant; narrow; small; poor; deficient; meager;
scarce; chary; sparing; parsimonious; penurious; niggardly;
grudging.</p>

<p><hw>Scape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scapus</i> shaft,
stem, stalk; cf. Gr. &?; a staff: cf. F. <i>scape</i>. Cf.
<u>Scepter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A peduncle
rising from the ground or from a subterranean stem, as in the stemless
violets, the bloodroot, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The long basal joint of
the antenn&aelig; of an insect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
shaft of a column.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The apophyge of a
shaft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scape</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scaped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scaping</u>.] [Aphetic form of <i>escape</i>.] <def>To
escape.</def> [Obs. or Poetic.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Out of this prison help that we may
<i>scape</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scape</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
escape.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I spake of most disastrous chances, . . .<BR>
Of hairbreadth <i>scapes</i> in the imminent, deadly
breach.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Means of escape; evasion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A freak; a slip; a fault; an
escapade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not pardoning so much as the <i>scapes</i> of error and
ignorance.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Loose act of vice or lewdness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scape"gal`lows</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has
narrowly escaped the gallows for his crimes.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scape"goat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Scape</i> (for
<i>escape</i>) + <i>goat</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish
Antiq.)</i> <def>A goat upon whose head were symbolically placed the
sins of the people, after which he was suffered to escape into the
wilderness.</def> <i>Lev. xvi. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a person or thing that is made to
bear blame for others.</def> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scape"grace`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A graceless,
unprincipled person; one who is wild and reckless.</def>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scape"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Destitute of a scape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scape"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Scape</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Escapement</u>.] <def>Same as
<u>Escapement</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scape"-wheel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Horol.)</i>
<def>The wheel in an escapement (as of a clock or a watch) into the
teeth of which the pallets play.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca*phan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
anything hollowed + &?;, &?;, a man: cf. F. <i>scaphandre</i>.]
<def>The case, or impermeable apparel, in which a diver can work while
under water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaph"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ska`fh</grk>
a trough.] <def>An ancient mode of punishing criminals among the
Persians, by confining the victim in a trough, with his head and limbs
smeared with honey or the like, and exposed to the sun and to insects
until he died.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaph"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scapha</i> a
boat, fr. Gr. <grk>ska`fh</grk> a boat, anything dug or scooped out,
fr. <grk>ska`ptein</grk> to dig.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Any fossil
cephalopod shell of the genus <i>Scaphites</i>, belonging to the
Ammonite family and having a chambered boat-shaped shell. Scaphites
are found in the Cretaceous formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaph`o*ce*phal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or affected with,
scaphocephaly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaph`o*ceph"a*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ska`fh</grk> a boat + <grk>kefalh`</grk> head.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A deformed condition of the skull, in which the vault is narrow,
elongated, and more or less boat-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaph`o*ce"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ska`fh</grk> boat + E. <i>cerite</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
flattened plate or scale attached to the second joint of the
antenn&aelig; of many Crustacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca*phog"na*thite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ska`fh</grk> boat + <grk>gna`qos</grk> jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A thin leafike appendage (the exopodite) of the second maxilla of
decapod crustaceans. It serves as a pumping organ to draw the water
through the gill cavity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scaph"oid</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ska`fh</grk> a boat + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>scapho&iuml;de</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling a boat in form; boat-shaped.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The scaphoid bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scaphoid bone</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One of the
carpal bones, which articulates with the radius; the radiale</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>One of the tarsal bones; the navicular bone.
See under <u>Navicular</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scaph`o*lu"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Scapho</i>id
+ <i>lunar</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the scaphoid
and lunar bones of the carpus.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
scapholunar bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scapholunar bone</b></col>, <cd>a bone formed by the
coalescence of the scaphoid and lunar in the carpus of
carnivora.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sca*phop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>ska`fh</grk> a boat + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A class of marine cephalate Mollusca having a tubular shell open
at both ends, a pointed or spadelike foot for burrowing, and many
long, slender, prehensile oral tentacles. It includes Dentalium, or
the tooth shells, and other similar shells. Called also
<i>Prosopocephala</i>, and <i>Solenoconcha</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca"pi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Resembling a scape, or flower stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scap"o*lite</hw> (sk&abreve;p"&osl;*l&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a staff, or L. <i>scapus</i> a stem,
stalk + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>scapolite</i>.] <i>(Mon.)</i> <def>A
grayish white mineral occuring in tetragonal crystals and in cleavable
masses. It is essentially a silicate of alumina and soda.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>scapolite group</i> includes scapolite proper, or
wernerite, also meionite, dipyre, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Scap"ple</hw> (sk&abreve;p"p'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
OF. <i>eskapeler</i>, <i>eschapler</i>, to cut, hew, LL.
<i>scapellare</i>. Cf. <u>Scabble</u>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
work roughly, or shape without finishing, as stone before leaving the
quarry.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To dress in any way short of
fine tooling or rubbing, as stone.</def> <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*la</hw> (sk&abreve;p"&usl;*l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L. <plw><b>Scapul&aelig;</b></plw>
(#), E. <plw><b>Scapulas</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The principal bone of the shoulder girdle in
mammals; the shoulder blade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the plates from
which the arms of a crinoid arise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scapulaire</i>. Cf. <u>Scapulary</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
scapula or the shoulder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scapular arch</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the pectoral
arch. See under <u>pectoral</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scapular
region</b></col>, or <col><b>Scapular tract</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a definite longitudinal area over the
shoulder and along each side of the back of a bird, from which the
scapular feathers arise.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a special group of feathers which arise from each of the
scapular regions and lie along the sides of the back.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scap"u*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Scap"u*la*ry</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>scapulaire</i>, LL. <i>scapularium</i>,
<i>scapulare</i>, fr. L. <i>scapula</i> shoulder blade.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A loose
sleeveless vestment falling in front and behind, worn by certain
religious orders and devout persons.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The name given to two pieces of cloth worn under the ordinary
garb and over the shoulders as an act of devotion.</def> <i>Addis &
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A bandage passing over the
shoulder to support it, or to retain another bandage in
place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*la*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Scapular</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*la*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as 2d and 3d <u>Scapular</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>scapula</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A secondary mouth fold
developed at the base of each of the armlike lobes of the manubrium of
many rhizostome medus&aelig;. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scap"u*lo-</hw> (&?;). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to
indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the
scapula</i> or <i>the shoulder</i>; as, the <i>scapulo</i>-clavicular
articulation, the articulation between the scapula and
clavicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sca"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See 1st
<u>Scape</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escare</i>, F.
<i>eschare</i> an eschar, a dry slough (cf. It. &amp; Sp. <i>escara</i>),
L. <i>eschara</i>, fr. Gr. &?; hearth, fireplace, scab, eschar. Cf.
<u>Eschar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark in the skin or flesh of
an animal, made by a wound or ulcer, and remaining after the wound or
ulcer is healed; a cicatrix; a mark left by a previous injury; a
blemish; a disfigurement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This earth had the beauty of youth, . . . and not a
wrinkle, <i>scar</i>, or fracture on all its body.</blockquote> <i>T.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A mark left upon a stem or
branch by the fall of a leaf, leaflet, or frond, or upon a seed by the
separation of its support. See <i>Illust.</i>. under
<u>Axillary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scarred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scarring</u>.] <def>To mark with a scar or scars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet I'll not shed her blood;<BR>
Nor <i>scar</i> that whiter skin of hers than snow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His cheeks were deeply <i>scarred</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form a
scar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>scar</i>,
<i>scaur</i>, Icel. <i>sker</i> a skerry, an isolated rock in the sea;
akin to Dan. <i>ski&aelig;r</i>, Sw. <i>sk&auml;r</i>. Cf.
<u>Skerry</u>.] <def>An isolated or protruding rock; a steep, rocky
eminence; a bare place on the side of a mountain or steep bank of
earth.</def> [Written also <i>scaur</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O sweet and far, from cliff and <i>scar</i>,<BR>
The horns of Elfland faintly blowing.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scarus</i>, a kind of
fish, Gr. <grk>ska`ros</grk>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine food
fish, the scarus, or parrot fish.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1284 pr=PCP !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scar"ab</hw> (?), <hw>Scar"a*bee</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scarabaeus</i>; cf. F.
<i>scarab&eacute;e</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of lamellicorn beetles of the genus <i>Scarab&aelig;us</i>, or
family <i>Scarab&aelig;id&aelig;</i>, especially the sacred, or
Egyptian, species (<i>Scarab&aelig;us sacer</i>, and <i>S.
Egyptiorum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scar`a*b&aelig;"us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Scarab</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar"a*boid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Scarab</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the family
<i>Scarab&aelig;id&aelig;</i>, an extensive group which includes the
Egyptian scarab, the tumbledung, and many similar lamellicorn
beetles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar"a*boid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A scaraboid beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar"a*mouch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>scaramouche</i>, It. <i>scaramuccio</i>, <i>scaramuccia</i>,
originally the name of a celebrated Italian comedian; cf. It.
<i>scaramuccia</i>, <i>scaramuccio</i>, F. <i>escarmouche</i>,
skirmish. Cf. <u>Skirmish</u>.] <def>A personage in the old Italian
comedy (derived from Spain) characterized by great boastfulness and
poltroonery; hence, a person of like characteristics; a
buffoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scarce</hw> (sk&acirc;rs), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scarcer</u> (sk&acirc;r"s&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scarcest</u>.] [OE. <i>scars</i>, OF.
<i>escars</i>, <i>eschars</i>, LL. <i>scarpsus</i>, <i>excarpsus</i>,
for L. <i>excerptus</i>, p. p. of <i>excerpere</i> to pick out, and
hence to contract, to shorten; <i>ex</i> (see <u>Ex-</u>) +
<i>carpere</i>. See <u>Carpet</u>, and cf. <u>Excerp</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity
in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare;
uncommon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You tell him silver is <i>scarcer</i> now in England,
and therefore risen one fifth in value.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scarcest</i> of all is a Pescennius Niger on a
medallion well preserved.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Scantily supplied (with); deficient (in); -
- with <i>of</i>.</def> [Obs.] "A region <i>scarce</i> of prey."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sparing; frugal; parsimonious;
stingy.</def> [Obs.] "Too <i>scarce</i> ne too sparing."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make one's self scarce</b></col>, <cd>to decamp; to
depart.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rare; infrequent; deficient. See <u>Rare</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Scarce</hw>, <hw>Scarce"ly</hw> }, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With difficulty; hardly; scantly; barely; but
just.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With a <i>scarce</i> well-lighted flame.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The eldest <i>scarcely</i> five year was of
age.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Slowly she sails, and <i>scarcely</i> stems the
tides.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>scarcely</i> finished, when the laborer
arrived who had been sent for my ransom.</blockquote> <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Frugally; penuriously.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scarce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch. &
Engin.)</i> <def>An offset where a wall or bank of earth, etc.,
retreats, leaving a shelf or footing.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scarce"ness</hw> (?), <hw>Scar"ci*ty</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or condition of being scarce;
smallness of quantity in proportion to the wants or demands;
deficiency; lack of plenty; short supply; penury; as, a
<i>scarcity</i> of grain; a great <i>scarcity</i> of beauties.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>scarcity</i> of snow would raise a mutiny at
Naples.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Praise . . . owes its value to its
<i>scarcity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The value of an advantage is enhanced by its
<i>scarceness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Deficiency; lack; want; penury; dearth; rareness;
rarity; infrequency.</p>

<p><hw>Scard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shard or
fragment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scare</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scaring</u>.] [OE. <i>skerren</i>, <i>skeren</i>, Icel.
<i>skirra</i> to bar, prevent, <i>skirrask</i> to shun , shrink from;
or fr. OE. <i>skerre</i>, adj., scared, Icel. <i>skjarr</i>; both
perhaps akin to E. <i>sheer</i> to turn.] <def>To frighten; to strike
with sudden fear; to alarm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The noise of thy crossbow<BR>
Will <i>scare</i> the herd, and so my shoot is lost.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To scare away</b></col>, <cd>to drive away by
frightening.</cd> -- <col><b>To scare up</b></col>, <cd>to find by
search, as if by beating for game.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To alarm; frighten; startle; affright; terrify.</p>

<p><hw>Scare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fright; esp., sudden
fright produced by a trifling cause, or originating in mistake.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Scare"crow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything set up to frighten crows or other birds from cornfields;
hence, anything terifying without danger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>scarecrow</i> set to frighten fools
away.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person clad in rags and
tatters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No eye hath seen such <i>scarecrows</i>. I'll not march
with them through Coventry, that's flat.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The black tern.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scare"fire`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An alarm of fire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fire causing alarm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scarf</hw> (sk&auml;rf), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>skarfr</i>.] <def>A cormorant.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Scarf</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scarfs</b></plw>, rarely <plw><b>Scarves</b></plw>
(sk&auml;rvz). [Cf. OF. <i>escharpe</i> a pilgrim's scrip, or wallet
(hanging about the neck), F. <i>&eacute;charpe</i> sash, scarf;
probably from OHG. <i>scharpe</i> pocket; also (from the French) Dan.
<i>ski&aelig;rf</i>; Sw. <i>sk&auml;rp</i>, Prov. G.
<i>sch&auml;rfe</i>, LG. <i>scherf</i>, G. <i>sch&auml;rpe</i>; and
also AS. <i>scearf</i> a fragment; possibly akin to E. <i>scrip</i> a
wallet. Cf. <u>Scarp</u> a scarf.] <def>An article of dress of a light
and decorative character, worn loosely over the shoulders or about the
neck or the waist; a light shawl or handkerchief for the neck; also, a
cravat; a neckcloth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put on your hood and <i>scarf</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With care about the banners, <i>scarves</i>, and
staves.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scarf</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scarfed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scarfing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw on loosely; to put
on like a scarf.</def> "My sea-gown <i>scarfed</i> about me."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dress with a scarf, or as with a scarf;
to cover with a loose wrapping.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scarf</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Sw. <i>skarfva</i> to eke
out, to join together, <i>skarf</i> a seam, joint; cf. Dan.
<i>skarre</i> to joint, to unite timber, Icel. <i>skara</i> to clinch
the planks of a boat, G. <i>scharben</i> to chop, to cut small.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To form a scarf on the end or edge of, as for
a joint in timber, metal rods, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To
unite, as two pieces of timber or metal, by a scarf joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scarf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>In a piece which is to be united to another by a scarf joint, the
part of the end or edge that is tapered off, rabbeted, or notched so
as to be thinner than the rest of the piece.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A scarf joint.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scarf joint</b></col> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A joint made
by overlapping and bolting or locking together the ends of two pieces
of timber that are halved, notched, or cut away so that they will fit
each other and form a lengthened beam of the same size at the junction
as elsewhere</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A joint formed by welding,
riveting, or brazing together the overlapping scarfed ends, or edges,
of metal rods, sheets, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarf weld</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Weld</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scarf"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>See <u>Epidermis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scarificatio</i>: cf. F. <i>scarification</i>.] <def>The act of
scarifying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar"i*fi*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scarificateur</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument, principally
used in cupping, containing several lancets moved simultaneously by a
spring, for making slight incisions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who scarifies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The instrument used for
scarifying.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>An implement for stripping
and loosening the soil, without bringing up a fresh surface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have your <i>scarifiers</i> to make the ground
clean.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scarified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scarifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>scarifier</i>, L. <i>scarificare</i>,
<i>scarifare</i>, fr. Gr. &?; to scratch up, fr. &?; a pointed
instrument.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scratch or cut the skin of;
esp. <i>(Med.)</i>, to make small incisions in, by means of a lancet
or scarificator, so as to draw blood from the smaller vessels without
opening a large vein.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To stir the surface soil
of, as a field.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sca"ri*ose</hw> (?), <hw>Sca"ri*ous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>scarieux</i>, NL. <i>scariosus</i>. Cf.
<u>Scary</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Thin, dry, membranous, and not
green.</def> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar`la*ti"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf. F.
<i>scarlatine</i>. See <u>Scarlet</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Scarlet
fever.</def> -- <wf>Scar`la*ti"nal</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Scar*lat"i*nous</wf> (# or #), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scar"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
scar.</def> <i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scarlat</i>,
<i>scarlet</i>, OF. <i>escarlate</i>, F. <i>&eacute;carlate</i> (cf.
Pr. <i>escarlat</i>, <i>escarlata</i>, Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>escarlata</i>, It.
<i>scarlatto</i>, LL. <i>scarlatum</i>), from Per.
<i>sakirl&amacr;t</i>.] <def>A deep bright red tinged with orange or
yellow, -- of many tints and shades; a vivid or bright red
color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cloth of a scarlet color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All her household are clothed with
<i>scarlet</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxxi. 21.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar"let</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the color called
scarlet; as, a <i>scarlet</i> cloth or thread.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scarlet admiral</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the red
admiral. See under <u>Red</u>. -- Scarlet bean <i>(Bot.)</i>, a kind
of bean (<i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i>) having scarlet flowers; scarlet
runner.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarlet fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
contagious febrile disease characterized by inflammation of the fauces
and a scarlet rash, appearing usually on the second day, and ending in
desquamation about the sixth or seventh day.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarlet
fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the telescope fish; -- so
called from its red color. See under <u>Telescope</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Scarlet ibis</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Ibis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarlet maple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the red maple. See <u>Maple</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarlet
mite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of
bright red carnivorous mites found among grass and moss, especially
<i>Thombidium holosericeum</i> and allied species. The young are
parasitic upon spiders and insects.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarlet
oak</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of oak (<i>Quercus
coccinea</i>) of the United States; -- so called from the scarlet
color of its leaves in autumn.</cd> -- <col><b>Scarlet
runner</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the scarlet bean.</cd> --
<col><b>Scarlet tanager</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Tanager</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scar"let</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dye or tinge
with scarlet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The ashy paleness of my cheek<BR>
Is <i>scarleted</i> in ruddy flakes of wrath.</blockquote>
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scar"mage</hw> (?), <hw>Scar"moge</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slight contest; a skirmish. See
<u>Skirmish</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such cruel game my <i>scarmoges</i>
disarms.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scarn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skarn</i>; akin
to AS. <i>scearn</i>. Cf. <u>Shearn</u>.] <def>Dung.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.] <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scarn bee</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a dung
beetle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sca"roid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Scarus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Scarid&aelig;</i>, a family of marine fishes including the parrot
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scarp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escharpe</i>. See
2d <u>Scarf</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A band in the same position as
the bend sinister, but only half as broad as the latter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scarp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<u>Escarp</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The slope of
the ditch nearest the parapet; the escarp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A steep descent or declivity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scarp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scarped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scarping</u>.] <def>To cut down perpendicularly, or nearly so; as,
to <i>scarp</i> the face of a ditch or a rock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>scarped</i> cliff and quarried
stone.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweep ruins from the <i>scarped</i>
mountain.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scar; a
mark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We find upon the limestone rocks the <i>scarrings</i>
of the ancient glacier which brought the bowlder here.</blockquote>
<i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing scars or
marks of wounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scar"ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 4th <u>Scar</u>.]
<def>Like a scar, or rocky eminence; containing scars.</def>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sca"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Scar</u> a
kind of fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Mediterranean food fish
(<i>Sparisoma scarus</i>) of excellent quality and highly valued by
the Romans; -- called also <i>parrot fish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sca"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>scare</i>
scraggy.] <def>Barren land having only a thin coat of grass.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scar"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Scare</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Subject to sudden alarm.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]
<i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing fright; alarming.</def> [Colloq. U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scase"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Scarcely;
hardly.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.] <i>Robynson (More's Utopia)</i></p>

<p><hw>Scat</hw> (sk&abreve;t), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Go
away; begone; away; -- chiefly used in driving off a cat.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scat</hw>, <hw>Scatt</hw> }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>skattr</i>.] <def>Tribute.</def> [R.] "Seizing <i>scatt</i> and
treasure." <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shower of rain.</def>
[Prov. Eng.] <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>escache</i>.]
<def>A kind of bit for the bridle of a horse; -- called also
<i>scatchmouth</i>.</def> <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scatch"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>eschaces</i>, F. <i>&eacute;chasses</i>, fr. D. <i>schaats</i> a
high-heeled shoe, a skate. See <u>Skate</u>, for the foot.]
<def>Stilts.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scate</hw> (sk&amacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skate</u>, for the foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scat"e*brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scatebra</i>
a gushing up of water, from <i>scatere</i> to bubble, gush.]
<def>Abounding with springs.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scath</hw> (sk&abreve;th; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>ska&eth;i</i>; akin to Dan. <i>skade</i>, Sw. <i>skada</i>, AS.
<i>scea&eth;a</i>, <i>sca&eth;a</i>, foe, injurer, OS.
<i>ska&eth;o</i>, D. <i>schade</i>, harm, injury, OHG. <i>scade</i>,
G. <i>schade</i>, <i>schaden</i>; cf. Gr. <grk>'askhqh`s</grk>
unharmed. Cf. <u>Scathe</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Harm; damage;
injury; hurt; waste; misfortune.</def> [Written also
<i>scathe</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But she was somedeal deaf, and that was
<i>skathe</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Great mercy, sure, for to enlarge a thrall,<BR>
Whose freedom shall thee turn to greatest <i>scath</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherein Rome hath done you any <i>scath</i>,<BR>
Let him make treble satisfaction.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scathe</hw> (sk&amacr;&thlig;; 277), <hw>Scath</hw>
(sk&abreve;th; 277) }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scathed</u> (sk&amacr;&thlig;d or sk&abreve;tht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Scathing</u>
(sk&amacr;&thlig;"&ibreve;ng or sk&abreve;th"-).] [Icel.
<i>ska&eth;a</i>; akin to AS. <i>scea&eth;an</i>,
<i>sce&eth;&eth;an</i>, Dan. <i>skade</i>, Sw. <i>skada</i>, D. &amp; G.
<i>schaden</i>, OHG. <i>scad&omacr;n</i>, Goth. <i>ska&thorn;jan</i>.]
<def>To do harm to; to injure; to damage; to waste; to
destroy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As when heaven's fire<BR>
Hath <i>scathed</i> the forest oaks or mountain pines.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Strokes of calamity that <i>scathe</i> and scorch the
soul.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scath"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Harmful; doing
damage; pernicious.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Scath"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scath"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unharmed.</def>
<i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He, too, . . . is to be dismissed
scathless.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scath"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Injurious;
scathful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scattered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scattering</u>.] [OE. <i>scateren</i>. See <u>Shatter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strew about; to sprinkle around; to throw
down loosely; to deposit or place here and there, esp. in an open or
sparse order.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And some are <i>scattered</i> all the floor
about.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should my muse enlarge on Libyan swains,<BR>
Their <i>scattered</i> cottages, and ample plains?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Teach the glad hours to <i>scatter</i>, as they
fly,<BR>
Soft quiet, gentle love, and endless joy.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to separate in different
directions; to reduce from a close or compact to a loose or broken
order; to dissipate; to disperse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scatter</i> and disperse the giddy
Goths.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to frustrate, disappoint, and
overthrow; as, to <i>scatter</i> hopes, plans, or the like.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disperse; dissipate; spread; strew.</p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be dispersed or
dissipated; to disperse or separate; as, clouds <i>scatter</i> after a
storm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter-brain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A giddy or
thoughtless person; one incapable of concentration or attention.</def>
[Written also <i>scatter-brains</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter-brained`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giddy;
thoughtless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scat"tered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Dispersed; dissipated; sprinkled, or loosely spread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Irregular in position; having
no regular order; as, <i>scattered</i> leaves.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Scat"tered*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Scat"tered*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter*good`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
wastes; a spendthrift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going or falling
in various directions; not united or aggregated; divided among many;
as, <i>scattering</i> votes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of strewing
about; something scattered.</def> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scattering manner; dispersedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scat"ter*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Scatter</i> +
<i>-ling</i>.] <def>One who has no fixed habitation or residence; a
vagabond.</def> [Obs.] "Foreign <i>scatterlings</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sca*tu"ri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>scaturiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>scaturire</i> gush out, from
<i>scatere</i> to bubble, gush.] <def>Gushing forth; full to
overflowing; effusive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A pen so <i>scaturient</i> and
unretentive.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scat`u*rig"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scaturiginosus</i>, fr. <i>scaturigo</i> gushing water. See
<u>Scaturient</u>.] <def>Abounding with springs.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scaup</hw> (sk&add;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Scalp</u> a
bed of oysters or mussels.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bed or stratum
of shellfish; scalp.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A scaup duck. See
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scaup duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of northern ducks of the genus <i>Aythya</i>, or
<i>Fuligula</i>. The adult males are, in large part, black. The three
North American species are: the greater scaup duck (<i>Aythya
marila</i>, var. <i>nearctica</i>), called also <i>broadbill</i>,
<i>bluebill</i>, <i>blackhead</i>, <i>flock duck</i>, <i>flocking
fowl</i>, and <i>raft duck</i>; the lesser scaup duck (<i>A.
affinis</i>), called also <i>little bluebill</i>, <i>river
broadbill</i>, and <i>shuffler</i>; the tufted, or ring-necked, scaup
duck (<i>A. collaris</i>), called also <i>black jack</i>,
<i>ringneck</i>, <i>ringbill</i>, <i>ringbill shuffler</i>, etc. See
<i>Illust.</i>. of <i>Ring-necked duck</i>, under <u>Ring-necked</u>.
The common European scaup, or mussel, duck (<i>A. marila</i>), closely
resembles the American variety.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1285 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scaup"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scalper</u>.]
<def>A tool with a semicircular edge, -- used by engravers to clear
away the spaces between the lines of an engraving.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scaur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A precipitous bank or
rock; a scar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scav"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>scavagium</i>, fr. AS. <i>sce&aacute;wian</i> to look at, to
inspect. See <u>Show</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A toll or duty
formerly exacted of merchant strangers by mayors, sheriffs, etc., for
goods shown or offered for sale within their precincts.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scav"enge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cleanse, as
streets, from filth.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scav"en*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scavager</i>
an officer with various duties, originally attending to
<i>scavage</i>, fr. OE. &amp; E. <i>scavage</i>. See <u>Scavage</u>,
<u>Show</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A person whose employment is
to clean the streets of a city, by scraping or sweeping, and carrying
off the filth. The name is also applied to any animal which devours
refuse, carrion, or anything injurious to health.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scavenger beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
beetle which feeds on decaying substances, as the carrion beetle.</cd>
-- <col><b>Scavenger crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any crab
which feeds on dead animals, as the spider crab.</cd> --
<col><b>Scavenger's daughter</b></col> [corrupt. of <i>Skevington's
daughter</i>], <cd>an instrument of torture invented by Sir W.
<i>Skevington</i>, which so compressed the body as to force the blood
to flow from the nostrils, and sometimes from the hands and feet.</cd>
<i>Am. Cyc.</i> </p>

<p><hw>||Sca"zon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>ska`zwn</grk>, fr. <grk>ska`zein</grk> to limp.] <i>(Lat.
Pros.)</i> <def>A choliamb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scel"er*at</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sc&eacute;l&eacute;rat</i> from L. <i>sceleratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>scelerare</i> to pollute, from <i>scelus</i>, <i>sceleris</i>, a
crime.] <def>A villain; a criminal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sce*les"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scelestus</i>, from <i>scelus</i> wickedness.] <def>Evil; wicked;
atrocious.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Scelestic</i> villainies."
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scel"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Skeleton</u>.]
<def>A mummy; a skeleton.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sce"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A scene in an opera.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An accompanied dramatic recitative,
interspersed with passages of melody, or followed by a full
aria.</def> <i>Rockstro.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sce*na"ri*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A
preliminary sketch of the plot, or main incidents, of an
opera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scen"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>scaenarius</i> belonging to the stage.] <def>Scenery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scaena</i>,
<i>scena</i>, Gr. <grk>skhnh`</grk> a covered place, a tent, a stage.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The structure on which a spectacle or play is
exhibited; the part of a theater in which the acting is done, with its
adjuncts and decorations; the stage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The decorations and fittings of a stage,
representing the place in which the action is supposed to go on; one
of the slides, or other devices, used to give an appearance of reality
to the action of a play; as, to paint <i>scenes</i>; to shift the
<i>scenes</i>; to go behind the <i>scenes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>So much of a play as passes without change
of locality or time, or important change of character; hence, a
subdivision of an act; a separate portion of a play, subordinate to
the act, but differently determined in different plays; as, an act of
four <i>scenes</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My dismal <i>scene</i> I needs must act
alone.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The place, time, circumstance, etc., in
which anything occurs, or in which the action of a story, play, or the
like, is laid; surroundings amid which anything is set before the
imagination; place of occurrence, exhibition, or action.</def> "In
Troy, there lies the <i>scene</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The world is a vast <i>scene</i> of
strife.</blockquote> <i>J. M. Mason.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An assemblage of objects presented to the
view at once; a series of actions and events exhibited in their
connection; a spectacle; a show; an exhibition; a view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through what new <i>scenes</i> and changes must we
pass!</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A landscape, or part of a landscape;
scenery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sylvan <i>scene</i> with various greens was
drawn,<BR>
Shades on the sides, and in the midst a lawn.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An exhibition of passionate or strong
feeling before others; often, an artifical or affected action, or
course of action, done for effect; a theatrical display.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Probably no lover of <i>scenes</i> would have had very
long to wait for some explosions between parties, both equally ready
to take offense, and careless of giving it.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Behind the scenes</b></col>, <cd>behind the scenery of a
theater; out of the view of the audience, but in sight of the actors,
machinery, etc.; hence, conversant with the hidden motives and
agencies of what appears to public view.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scene</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exhibit as a scene;
to make a scene of; to display.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Abp.
Sancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scene"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having much
scenery.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Scene"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scenemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The man who manages the movable
scenes in a theater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scen"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Assemblage of scenes; the paintings and hangings representing the
scenes of a play; the disposition and arrangement of the scenes in
which the action of a play, poem, etc., is laid; representation of
place of action or occurence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sum of scenes or views; general aspect, as
regards variety and beauty or the reverse, in a landscape; combination
of natural views, as woods, hills, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never need an American look beyond his own country for
the sublime and beautiful of natural <i>scenery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scene"shift`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
moves the scenes in a theater; a sceneman.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scen"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Scen"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scaenicus</i>, <i>scenicus</i>, Gr. &?;:
cf. F. <i>sc&eacute;nique</i>. See <u>Scene</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to scenery; of the nature of scenery; theatrical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All these situations communicate a <i>scenical</i>
animation to the wild romance, if treated dramatically.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scen"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Scenography</u>.] <def>A perspective representation or general view
of an object.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scen`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Scen`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>sc&eacute;nographique</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<def>Of or pertaining to scenography; drawn in perspective.</def> --
<wf>Scen`o*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sce*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scaenographia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; scene, stage + <grk>gra`fein</grk>
to write: cf. F. <i>sc&eacute;nographie</i>.] <def>The art or act of
representing a body on a perspective plane; also, a representation or
description of a body, in all its dimensions, as it appears to the
eye.</def>  <i>Greenhill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scent</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scenting</u>.] [Originally <i>sent</i>, fr. F. <i>sentir</i> to
feel, to smell. See <u>Sense</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perceive
by the olfactory organs; to smell; as, to <i>scent</i> game, as a
hound does.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Methinks I <i>scent</i> the morning air.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To imbue or fill with odor; to
perfume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Balm from a silver box distilled around,<BR>
Shall all bedew the roots, and <i>scent</i> the sacred
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scent</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
have a smell.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thunderbolts . . . do <i>scent</i> strongly of
brimstone.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hunt animals by means of the sense of
smell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which, issuing from a body, affects the olfactory organs of animals;
odor; smell; as, the <i>scent</i> of an orange, or of a rose; the
<i>scent</i> of musk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With lavish hand diffuses <i>scents</i>
ambrosial.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the odor left by an animal on
the ground in passing over it; as, dogs find or lose the <i>scent</i>;
hence, course of pursuit; track of discovery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gained the observations of innumerable ages, and
traveled upon the same <i>scent</i> into Ethiopia.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The power of smelling; the sense of smell;
as, a hound of nice <i>scent</i>; to divert the <i>scent</i>.</def>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scent"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of scent or odor; odorous.</def> "A <i>scentful</i>
nosegay."  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of quick or keen smell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scentful</i> osprey by the rock had
fished.</blockquote> <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scent"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
scent.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scent"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
scent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scentless</i> and the scented rose.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Scep"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
doubt, fr. &?; to consider: cf. G. <i>skepsis</i>. See
<u>Skeptic</u>.] <def>Skepticism; skeptical philosophy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Among their products were the system of Locke, the
<i>scepsis</i> of Hume, the critical philosophy of Kant.</blockquote>
<i>J. Martineau.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scep"ter</hw>, <hw>Scep"tre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>sceptre</i>, L. <i>sceptrum</i>, from Gr. &?; a staff to lean
upon, a scepter; probably akin to E. <i>shaft</i>. See <u>Shaft</u>,
and cf. <u>Scape</u> a stem, shaft.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A staff
or baton borne by a sovereign, as a ceremonial badge or emblem of
authority; a royal mace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the king held out Esther the golden <i>scepter</i>
that was in his hand.</blockquote> <i>Esther v. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, royal or imperial power or
authority; sovereignty; as, to assume the <i>scepter</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scepter</i> shall not depart from Judah, nor a
lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh come.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xlix. 10.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scep"ter</hw>, <hw>Scep"tre</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sceptered</u> (?) or
<u>Sceptred</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sceptering</u> (?) or <u>Sceptring</u> (&?;).] <def>To endow with
the scepter, or emblem of authority; to invest with royal
authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To Britain's queen the <i>sceptered</i> suppliant
bends.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scep`ter*el"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a straight shaft with whorls of
spines; -- said of certain sponge spicules. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Spicule</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scep"ter*less</hw>, <hw>Scep"tre*less</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no scepter; without authority;
powerless; as, a <i>scepterless</i> king.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scep"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Scep"tic*al</hw>,
<hw>Scep"ti*cism</hw>, etc.} <def>See <u>Skeptic</u>,
<u>Skeptical</u>, <u>Skepticism</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scep"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a scepter; like a scepter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scern</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To discern; to
perceive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Schade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Shade; shadow.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; English words now beginning with <i>sh</i>, like
<i>shade</i>, were formerly often spelled with a <i>c</i> between the
<i>s</i> and <i>h</i>; <i>as</i>, <i>schade</i>; <i>schame</i>;
<i>schape</i>; <i>schort</i>, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Schah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sche"di*asm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an
extempore, fr. &?; to do offhand, &?; sudden, fr. &?; near.]
<def>Cursory writing on a loose sheet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sched"ule</hw> (?; <i>in England commonly</i> ?; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>c&eacute;dule</i>, formerly also spelt
<i>schedule</i>, L. <i>schedula</i>, dim. of scheda, scida, a strip of
papyrus bark, a leaf of paper; akin to (or perh. from) Gr. &?; a
tablet, leaf, and to L. <i>scindere</i> to cleave, Gr. &?;. See
<u>Schism</u>, and cf. <u>Cedule</u>.] <def>A written or printed
scroll or sheet of paper; a document; especially, a formal list or
inventory; a list or catalogue annexed to a larger document, as to a
will, a lease, a statute, etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Catalogue; list; inventory. see <u>List</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sched"ule</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form into, or
place in, a schedule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scheele's" green`</hw> (?). [See <u>Scheelite</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See under <u>Green</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scheel"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Scheelium.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scheel"ite</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From C.W.
<i>Scheele</i>, a Swedish chemist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Calcium
tungstate, a mineral of a white or pale yellowish color and of the
tetragonal system of crystallization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schee"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. From C.W.
<i>Scheele</i>, who discovered it.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The metal
tungsten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scheik</hw> (sh&emacr;k or sh&amacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Sheik</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schel"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The powan.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sche"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Schemata</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Schemas</b></plw> (#). [G.
See <u>Scheme</u>.] <i>(Kantian Philos.)</i> <def>An outline or image
universally applicable to a general conception, under which it is
likely to be presented to the mind; as, five dots in a line are a
<i>schema</i> of the number five; a preceding and succeeding event are
a <i>schema</i> of cause and effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sche*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;
pretended.] <def>Of or pertaining to a scheme or a schema.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sche"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sch&eacute;matisme</i> (cf. L. <i>schematismos</i> florid speech),
fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to form. See <u>Scheme</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Combination of the aspects of heavenly
bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Particular form or disposition of a thing;
an exhibition in outline of any systematic arrangement.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sche"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One given to
forming schemes; a projector; a schemer.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sche"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sch&eacute;matiser</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>To form a scheme or
schemes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scheme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>schema</i> a
rhetorical figure, a shape, figure, manner, Gr. &?;, &?;, form, shape,
outline, plan, fr. &?;, &?;, to have or hold, to hold out, sustain,
check, stop; cf. Skr. <i>sah</i> to be victorious, to endure, to hold
out, AS. <i>sige</i> victory, G. <i>sieg</i>. <i>Cf</i>. <u>Epoch</u>,
<u>Hectic</u>, <u>School</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A combination
of things connected and adjusted by design; a system.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The appearance and outward <i>scheme</i> of
things.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a <i>scheme</i> of things as shall at once take in
time and eternity.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Arguments . . . sufficient to support and demonstrate a
whole <i>scheme</i> of moral philosophy.</blockquote> <i>J.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Revolution came and changed his whole <i>scheme</i>
of life.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plan or theory something to be done; a
design; a project; as, to form a <i>scheme</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stoical <i>scheme</i> of supplying our wants by
lopping off our desires, is like cutting off our feet when we want
shoes.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any lineal or mathematical diagram; an
outline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To draw an exact <i>scheme</i> of Constantinople, or a
map of France.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>A representation of the
aspects of the celestial bodies for any moment or at a given
event.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A blue silk case, from which was drawn a <i>scheme</i>
of nativity.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Plan; project; contrivance; purpose; device; plot.
-- <u>Scheme</u>, <u>Plan</u>. <i>Scheme</i> and <i>plan</i> are
subordinate to <i>design</i>; they propose modes of carrying our
designs into effect. <i>Scheme</i> is the least definite of the two,
and lies more in speculation. A <i>plan</i> is drawn out into details
with a view to being carried into effect. As <i>schemes</i> are
speculative, they often prove visionary; hence the opprobrious use of
the words <i>schemer</i> and <i>scheming</i>. <i>Plans</i>, being more
practical, are more frequently carried into effect.</p>

<p><blockquote>He forms the well-concerted <i>scheme</i> of
mischief;<BR>
'T is fixed, 't is done, and both are doomed to death.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Artists and <i>plans</i> relieved my solemn hours;<BR>
I founded palaces, and planted bowers.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scheme</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Schemed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scheming</u>.] <def>To make a scheme of; to plan; to design; to
project; to plot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That wickedness which <i>schemed</i>, and executed, his
destruction.</blockquote> <i>G. Stuart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scheme</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form a scheme or
schemes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scheme"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of schemes
or plans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schem"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who forms
schemes; a projector; esp., a plotter; an intriguer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Schemers</i> and confederates in guilt.</blockquote>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schem"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to forming
schemes; artful; intriguing.</def> -- <wf>Schem"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Schem"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A schemer.</def> [R.]
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>schoenus</i>, Gr.
&?; a rush, a reed, a land measure: cf. F. <i>sch&egrave;ne</i>.]
<i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>An Egyptian or Persian measure of length, varying
from thirty-two to sixty stadia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schenk"beer`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>schenkbier</i>; <i>schenken</i> to pour out + <i>bier</i> beer; --
so called because put on draught soon after it is made.] <def>A mild
German beer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scher"bet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sherbet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scher"if</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sherif</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scher*zan"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In a playful or sportive manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scher"zo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A playful, humorous movement, commonly in 3-4 measure, which
often takes the place of the old minuet and trio in a sonata or a
symphony.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sche"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?;, &?;, to have or hold. See <u>Scheme</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>General state or disposition of the body or mind, or of one thing
with regard to other things; habitude.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure of speech whereby
the mental habitude of an adversary or opponent is feigned for the
purpose of arguing against him.</def> <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Schet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Schet"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?; holding back.] <def>Of or pertaining
to the habit of the body; constitutional.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schie*dam"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Short for
<i>Schiedam schnapps</i>.] <def>Holland gin made at Schiedam in the
Netherlands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schil"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., play of colors.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>The peculiar bronzelike luster observed in certain
minerals, as hypersthene, schiller spar, etc. It is due to the
presence of minute inclusions in parallel position, and is sometimes
of secondary origin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Schiller spar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>an altered
variety of enstatite, exhibiting, in certain positions, a bronzelike
luster.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Schil`ler*i*za"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>The act or process of producing schiller in a
mineral mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schil"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. See
<u>Shilling</u>.] <def>Any one of several small German and Dutch
coins, worth from about one and a half cents to about five
cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schin`dy*le"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; a splitting into fragments.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A form of
articulation in which one bone is received into a groove or slit in
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schir"rhus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scirrhus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scisme</i>, OF.
<i>cisme</i>, <i>scisme</i>, F. <i>schisme</i>, L. <i>schisma</i>, Gr.
<grk>schi`sma</grk>, fr. <grk>schi`zein</grk> to split; akin to L.
<i>scindere</i>, Skr. <i>chid</i>, and prob. to E. <i>shed</i>, v.t.
(which see); cf. <u>Rescind</u>, <u>Schedule</u>, <u>Zest</u>.]
<def>Division or separation; specifically <i>(Eccl.)</i>, permanent
division or separation in the Christian church; breach of unity among
people of the same religious faith; the offense of seeking to produce
division in a church without justifiable cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Set bounds to our passions by reason, to our errors by
truth, and to our <i>schisms</i> by charity.</blockquote> <i>Eikon
Basilike.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1286 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><col><b>Greek schism</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the separation
of the Greek and Roman churches.</cd> -- <col><b>Great
schism</b></col>, or <col><b>Western schism</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<cd>a schism in the Roman church in the latter part of the 14th
century, on account of rival claimants to the papal throne.</cd> --
<col><b>Schism act</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an act of the English
Parliament requiring all teachers to conform to the Established
Church, -- passed in 1714, repealed in 1719.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Schis"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a split,
separation, Gr. <grk>schi`sma</grk>: cf. F. <i>schisma</i>. See
<u>Schism</u>.] <i>(Anc. Mus.)</i> <def>An interval equal to half a
comma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schis*mat"ic</hw> (s&ibreve;z*m&abreve;t"&ibreve;k; <i>so
nearly all ortho&euml;pists</i>), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>schismaticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>schismatique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to schism; implying schism; partaking of the nature of
schism; tending to schism; as, <i>schismatic</i> opinions or
proposals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schis*mat"ic</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
creates or takes part in schism; one who separates from an established
church or religious communion on account of a difference of
opinion.</def> "They were popularly classed together as canting
<i>schismatics</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Heretic; partisan. See <u>Heretic</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Schis*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Schismatic</u>.</def> -- <wf>Schis*mat"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Schis*mat"ic*al*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Schis"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Schismatized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Schismatizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>schismatiser</i>.]
<def>To take part in schism; to make a breach of communion in the
church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schism"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
schism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schist</hw> (sh&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
divided, divisible, fr. &?; to divide: cf. F. <i>schiste</i>. See
<u>Schism</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Any crystalline rock having a
foliated structure (see <u>Foliation</u>) and hence admitting of ready
division into slabs or slates. The common kinds are <i>mica
schist</i>, and <i>hornblendic schist</i>, consisting chiefly of
quartz with mica or hornblende and often feldspar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schis*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a slate
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schist"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Schistose.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Schis*tose"</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Schist*ous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>schisteux</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to schist; having the structure of a schist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schis*tos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>schistosit&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The quality or state
of being schistose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz"o-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; to split, cleave.] <def>A combining
form denoting <i>division</i> or <i>cleavage</i>; as,
<i>schizo</i>genesis, reproduction by fission or cell
division.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz"o*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-</i> +
Gr. &?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A dry fruit which splits at
maturity into several closed one-seeded portions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz"o*c&oelig;le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-
</i> + Gr. &?; hollow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Enteroc&oelig;le</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz`o*c&oelig;"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a
schizoc&oelig;le.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz`o*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-
</i> + <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Reproduction by
fission.</def> <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schiz"og*nath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Schizognathous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird with a
schizognathous palate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schi*zog"na*th&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The schizognathous birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schi*zog"na*thism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The condition of having a schizognathous
palate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schi*zog"na*thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-
</i> + Gr. &?; the jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the maxillo-
palatine bones separate from each other and from the vomer, which is
pointed in front, as in the gulls, snipes, grouse, and many other
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schiz`o*my*ce"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>, [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; to split + &?;, -&?;, a fungus.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An
order of <i>Schizophyta</i>, including the so-called fission fungi, or
bacteria. See <u>Schizophyta</u>, in the Supplement.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schiz`o*ne*mer"te*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Schizo</u>-, and <u>Nemertes</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
group of nemerteans comprising those having a deep slit along each
side of the head. See <i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz`o*pel"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>pe`lma</grk> the sole of the foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the two flexor tendons of the toes entirely separate, and
the <i>flexor hallucis</i> going to the first toe only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz"o*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-</i> +
Gr. &?; a plant.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of a class of vegetable
organisms, in the classification of Cohn, which includes all of the
inferior forms that multiply by fission, whether they contain
chlorophyll or not.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz"o*pod</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>one of the Schizopoda. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Schiz"o*pod</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Schi*zop"o*dous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a schizopod, or the
Schizopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schi*zop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>, [NL. See
<u>Schizo</u>-, and <u>-poda</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of shrimplike Thoracostraca in which each of the thoracic legs has a
long fringed upper branch (exopodite) for swimming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schiz`o*rhi"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Schizo-</i>
+ <i>rhinal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the
nasal bones separate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the anterior
nostrils prolonged backward in the form of a slit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schlich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.; akin to LG.
<i>slick</i> mud, D. <i>slijk</i>, MHG. <i>sl&imacr;ch</i>.]
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The finer portion of a crushed ore, as of gold,
lead, or tin, separated by the water in certain wet processes.</def>
[Written also <i>slich</i>, <i>slick</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Schmel"ze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>schmelz</i>,
<i>schmelzglas</i>.] <def>A kind of glass of a red or ruby color, made
in Bohemia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schnapps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., a dram of
spirits.] <def>Holland gin.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Schnei*de"ri*an</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Discovered or described by C. V. <i>Schneider</i>, a German
anatomist of the seventeenth century.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Schneiderian membrane</b></col>, <cd>the mucous membrane
which lines the nasal chambers; the pituitary membrane.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scho*har"ie grit`</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The formation
belonging to the middle of the three subdivisions of the Corniferous
period in the American Devonian system; -- so called from
<i>Schoharie</i>, in New York, where it occurs. See the <i>Chart</i>
of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schol"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scoler</i>, AS.
<i>sc&omacr;lere</i>, fr. L. <i>scholaris</i> belonging to a school,
fr. <i>schola</i> a school. See <u>School</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who attends a school; one who learns of a teacher; one under
the tuition of a preceptor; a pupil; a disciple; a learner; a
student.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am no breeching <i>scholar</i> in the
schools.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One engaged in the pursuits of learning; a
learned person; one versed in any branch, or in many branches, of
knowledge; a person of high literary or scientific attainments; a
savant.</def>  <i>Shak. Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A man of books.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In English universities, an undergraduate
who belongs to the foundation of a college, and receives support in
part from its revenues.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pupil; learner; disciple.  -- <u>Scholar</u>,
<u>Pupil</u>. <i>Scholar</i> refers to the instruction, and
<i>pupil</i> to the care and government, of a teacher. A
<i>scholar</i> is one who is under instruction; a <i>pupil</i> is one
who is under the immediate and personal care of an instructor; hence
we speak of a bright <i>scholar</i>, and an obedient <i>pupil</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Scho*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>scholarit&eacute;</i>, or LL.  <i>scholaritas</i>.]
<def>Scholarship.</def> [Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schol"ar*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scholarly.</def> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schol"ar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a scholar, or
learned person; showing the qualities of a scholar; as, a
<i>scholarly</i> essay or critique.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a scholarly manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schol"ar*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The character and qualities of a scholar; attainments in science
or literature; erudition; learning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of my master's . . . great
<i>scholarship</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Literary education.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Any other house of <i>scholarship</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Maintenance for a scholar; a foundation for
the support of a student.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Learning; erudition; knowledge.</p>

<p><hw>Scho*las"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scholasticus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to have leisure, to give
lectures, to keep a school, from &?; leisure, a lecture, a school: cf.
F. <i>scholastique</i>, <i>scolastique</i>. See <u>School</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or suiting, a scholar, a
school, or schools; scholarlike; as, <i>scholastic</i> manners or
pride; <i>scholastic</i> learning.</def> <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the schoolmen and
divines of the Middle Ages (see <u>Schoolman</u>); as,
<i>scholastic</i> divinity or theology; <i>scholastic</i>
philosophy.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, characterized by excessive subtilty,
or needlessly minute subdivisions; pedantic; formal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scho*las"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who adheres to the method or subtilties of the schools.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>See the Note under
<u>Jesuit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scho*las"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Scholastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scho*las"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scholastic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scho*las"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The method
or subtilties of the schools of philosophy; scholastic formality;
scholastic doctrines or philosophy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The spirit of the old <i>scholasticism</i> . . .
spurned laborious investigation and slow induction.</blockquote> <i>J.
P. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scho"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scholium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scho"li*ast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a
scholium: cf. F. <i>scoliate</i>. See <u>Scholium</u>.] <def>A maker
of scholia; a commentator or annotator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No . . . quotations from Talmudists and
<i>scholiasts</i> . . . ever marred the effect of his grave temperate
discourses.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scho`li*as"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a scholiast, or his pursuits.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scho"li*aze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;.]
<def>To write scholia.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schol"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scholicus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;. See <u>School</u>.]
<def>Scholastic.</def> [Obs.] <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Scho"li*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
scholium.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A judgment which follows immediately from another is
sometimes called a corollary, or consectary . . . One which
illustrates the science where it appears, but is not an integral part
of it, is a <i>scholion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Thomson (Laws of
Thought).</i></p>

<p><hw>Scho"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Scholia</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Scholiums</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;. See <u>School</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A marginal annotation; an explanatory remark or comment;
specifically, an explanatory comment on the text of a classic author
by an early grammarian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A remark or observation subjoined to a
demonstration or a train of reasoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scho"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scholium.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scho"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To write
scholia; to annotate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>School</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>shoal</i> a
crowd; prob. confused with <i>school</i> for learning.] <def>A shoal;
a multitude; as, a <i>school</i> of fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>School</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scole</i>, AS.
<i>sc&?;lu</i>, L. <i>schola</i>, Gr. &?; leisure, that in which
leisure is employed, disputation, lecture, a school, probably from the
same root as &?;, the original sense being perhaps, a stopping, a
resting. See <u>Scheme</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place for
learned intercourse and instruction; an institution for learning; an
educational establishment; a place for acquiring knowledge and mental
training; as, the <i>school</i> of the prophets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disputing daily in the <i>school</i> of one
Tyrannus.</blockquote> <i>Acts xix. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of primary instruction; an
establishment for the instruction of children; as, a primary
<i>school</i>; a common <i>school</i>; a grammar
<i>school</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As he sat in the <i>school</i> at his
primer.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A session of an institution of
instruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How now, Sir Hugh! No <i>school</i> to-
day?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the seminaries for teaching logic,
metaphysics, and theology, which were formed in the Middle Ages, and
which were characterized by academical disputations and subtilties of
reasoning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At Cambridge the philosophy of Descartes was still
dominant in the <i>schools</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The room or hall in English universities
where the examinations for degrees and honors are held.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An assemblage of scholars; those who attend
upon instruction in a school of any kind; a body of pupils.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What is the great community of Christians, but one of
the innumerable <i>schools</i> in the vast plan which God has
instituted for the education of various intelligences?</blockquote>
<i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The disciples or followers of a teacher;
those who hold a common doctrine, or accept the same teachings; a sect
or denomination in philosophy, theology, science, medicine, politics,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let no man be less confident in his faith . . . by
reason of any difference in the several <i>schools</i> of
Christians.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The canons, precepts, or body of opinion or
practice, sanctioned by the authority of a particular class or age;
as, he was a gentleman of the old <i>school</i>.</def></p>
<p><blockquote>His face pale but striking, though not handsome after
the <i>schools</i>.</blockquote> <i>A. S. Hardy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, any means of knowledge or
discipline; as, the <i>school</i> of experience.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Boarding school</b></col>, <col><b>Common school</b></col>,
<col><b>District school</b></col>, <col><b>Normal school</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Boarding</u>, <u>Common</u>, <u>District</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>High school</b></col>, <cd>a free public school
nearest the rank of a college.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>School
board</b></col>, <cd>a corporation established by law in every borough
or parish in England, and elected by the burgesses or ratepayers, with
the duty of providing public school accommodation for all children in
their district.</cd> -- <col><b>School committee</b></col>,
<col><b>School board</b></col>, <cd>an elected committee of citizens
having charge and care of the public schools in any district, town, or
city, and responsible for control of the money appropriated for school
purposes.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>School days</b></col>, <cd>the
period in which youth are sent to school.</cd> -- <col><b>School
district</b></col>, <cd>a division of a town or city for establishing
and conducting schools.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Sunday
school</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Sabbath school</b></col>, <cd>a
school held on Sunday for study of the Bible and for religious
instruction; the pupils, or the teachers and pupils, of such a school,
collectively.</cd></p>

<p><hw>School</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Schooled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Schooling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To train in an institution
of learning; to educate at a school; to teach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He's gentle, never <i>schooled</i>, and yet
learned.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tutor; to chide and admonish; to
reprove; to subject to systematic discipline; to train.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It now remains for you to <i>school</i> your child,<BR>
And ask why God's Anointed be reviled.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mother, while loving her child with the intensity
of a sole affection, had <i>schooled</i> herself to hope for little
other return than the waywardness of an April breeze.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>School"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book used in
schools for learning lessons.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"boy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boy belonging
to, or attending, a school.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"dame`</hw> (?). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
schoolmistress.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"er*y</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
taught; precepts; schooling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>School"fel`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One bred at
the same school; an associate in school.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"girl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A girl
belonging to, or attending, a school.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house
appropriated for the use of a school or schools, or for
instruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Instruction in school; tuition; education in an institution of
learning; act of teaching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Discipline; reproof; reprimand; as, he gave
his son a good <i>schooling</i>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Compensation for instruction; price or
reward paid to an instructor for teaching pupils.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>School</u> a
shoal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Collecting or running in schools or
shoals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Schooling</i> species like the herring and
menhaden.</blockquote> <i>G. B. Goode.</i></p>

<p><hw>School"ma'am</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
schoolmistress.</def> [Colloq.U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>School"maid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
schoolgirl.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>School"man`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Schoolmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One versed in the niceties of
academical disputation or of school divinity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>schoolmen</i> were philosophers and divines of the
Middle Ages, esp. from the 11th century to the Reformation, who spent
much time on points of nice and abstract speculation. They were so
called because they taught in the medi&aelig;val universities and
schools of divinity.</p>

<p><hw>School"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The man who presides over and teaches a
school; a male teacher of a school.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the soldier be abroad if he will; he can do nothing
in this age. There is another personage abroad, -- a person less
imposing, -- in the eyes of some, perhaps, insignificant. The
<i>schoolmaster</i> is abroad; and I trust to him, armed with his
primer, against the soldier in full military array.</blockquote>
<i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, disciplines and
directs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law was our <i>schoolmaster</i>, to bring us unto
Christ.</blockquote> <i>Gal. iii. 24.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1287 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>School"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pupil who
attends the same school as another.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"mis`tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman
who governs and teaches a school; a female school-teacher.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room in
which pupils are taught.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel
employed as a nautical training school, in which naval apprentices
receive their education at the expense of the state, and are trained
for service as sailors. Also, a vessel used as a reform school to
which boys are committed by the courts to be disciplined, and
instructed as mariners.</def></p>

<p><hw>School"-teach`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
teaches or instructs a school.</def> -- <wf>School"-teach`ing</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>School"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward
school.</def> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Schoon"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See the Note below.
Cf. <u>Shun</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Originally, a small, sharp-built
vessel, with two masts and fore-and-aft rig. Sometimes it carried
square topsails on one or both masts and was called a <i>topsail
schooner</i>. About 1840, longer vessels with three masts, fore-and-
aft rigged, came into use, and since that time vessels with four masts
and even with six masts, so rigged, are built. Schooners with more
than two masts are designated <i>three-masted schooners</i>, <i>four-
masted schooners</i>, etc. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The first <i>schooner</i> ever constructed is said to have
been built in Gloucester, Massachusetts, about the year 1713, by a
Captain Andrew Robinson, and to have received its name from the
following trivial circumstance: When the vessel went off the stocks
into the water, a bystander cried out,"O, how she <i>scoons</i>!"
Robinson replied, " A <i>scooner</i> let her be;" and, from that time,
vessels thus masted and rigged have gone by this name. The word
<i>scoon</i> is popularly used in some parts of New England to denote
the act of making stones skip along the surface of water. The Scottish
<i>scon</i> means the same thing. Both words are probably allied to
the Icel. <i>skunda</i>, <i>skynda</i>, to make haste, hurry, AS.
<i>scunian</i> to avoid, shun, Prov. E. <i>scun</i>. In the New
England records, the word appears to have been originally written
<i>scooner</i>. Babson, in his "History of Gloucester," gives the
following extract from a letter written in that place Sept. 25, 1721,
by Dr. Moses Prince, brother of the Rev. Thomas Prince, the annalist
of New England: "This gentleman (Captain Robinson) was first contriver
of <i>schooners</i>, and built the first of that sort about eight
years since."</p>

<p><hw>Schoon"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.] <def>A large goblet
or drinking glass, -- used for lager beer or ale.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Schorl</hw> (sh&ocirc;rl), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>sch&ouml;rl</i>; cf. Sw. <i>sk&ouml;rl</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Black tourmaline.</def> [Written also <i>shorl</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Schor*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of
the nature and character of schorl; resembling schorl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schorl"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Schorlaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schorl"y</hw>> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or containing, schorl; as, <i>schorly</i> granite.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Schot"tish</hw>, <hw>Schot"tische</hw>  }, (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>schottish</i>, <i>schotisch</i> from G.
<i>schottisch</i> Scottish, Scotch.] <def>A Scotch round dance in 2-4
time, similar to the polka, only slower; also, the music for such a
dance; -- not to be confounded with the
<i>&Eacute;cossaise</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schrei"bers*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after
Carl von <i>Schreibers</i>, of Vienna.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral
occurring in steel-gray flexible folia. It contains iron, nickel, and
phosphorus, and is found only in meteoric iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schrode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scrod</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schwann's" sheath`</hw> (?). [So called from Theodor
<i>Schwann</i>, a German anatomist of the 19th century.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The neurilemma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schwann's white" sub"stance</hw> (?). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
substance of the medullary sheath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schwan"pan`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Chinese
abacus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schweit"zer*k&auml;"se</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>schweizerk&auml;se</i> Swiss cheese.] <def>Gruy&egrave;re
cheese.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Schwenk"feld`er</hw> (?), <hw>Schwenk"feld`i*an</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of a religious sect founded by
Kaspar von Schwenkfeld, a Silesian reformer who disagreed with Luther,
especially on the deification of the body of Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*&aelig;"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sci&aelig;na</i> a kind of fish (fr. Gr. &?;) + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Sci&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>, a family of marine fishes which includes
the meagre, the squeteague, and the kingfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"a*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sciagraphy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An old term
for a vertical section of a building; -- called also
<i>sciagraphy</i>. See <i>Vertical section</i>, under
<u>Section</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phys.)</i> <def>A radiograph.</def> [Written
also <i>skiagraph</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sci`a*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sciagraphique</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Pertaining to sciagraphy.</def> -
- <wf>Sci`a*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sci*ag"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
drawing in light and shade; &?; a shadow + &?; to delineate, describe:
cf. F. <i>sciagraphie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or science
of projecting or delineating shadows as they fall in nature.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sciagraph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*am"a*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sciomachy</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sci`a*ther"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sci`a*ther"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a sundial; &?; a shadow + &?;
to hunt, to catch.] <def>Belonging to a sundial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sci`a*ther"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sciatique</i>,
LL. <i>sciaticus</i>, from L. <i>ischiadicus</i>, Gr. &?;. See
<u>Ischiadic</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the hip; in
the region of, or affecting, the hip; ischial; ischiatic; as, the
<i>sciatic</i> nerve, <i>sciatic</i> pains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*at"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>sciatique</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Sciatica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*at"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Neuralgia of the sciatic nerve, an affection characterized by
paroxysmal attacks of pain in the buttock, back of the thigh, or in
the leg or foot, following the course of the branches of the sciatic
nerve. The name is also popularly applied to various painful
affections of the hip and the parts adjoining it. See <i>Ischiadic
passion</i>, under <u>Ischiadic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*at"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Sciatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*at"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With, or by
means of, sciatica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scib"bo*leth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Shibboleth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sci"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>scientia</i>, fr. <i>sciens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>scire</i> to know.  Cf. <u>Conscience</u>, <u>Conscious</u>,
<u>Nice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Knowledge; knowledge of
principles and causes; ascertained truth of facts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If we conceive God's sight or <i>science</i>, before
the creation, to be extended to all and every part of the world,
seeing everything as it is, . . . his <i>science</i> or sight from all
eternity lays no necessity on anything to come to pass.</blockquote>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shakespeare's deep and accurate <i>science</i> in
mental philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accumulated and established knowledge,
which has been systematized and formulated with reference to the
discovery of general truths or the operation of general laws;
knowledge classified and made available in work, life, or the search
for truth; comprehensive, profound, or philosophical
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All this new <i>science</i> that men lere
[teach].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Science</i> is . . . a complement of cognitions,
having, in point of form, the character of logical perfection, and in
point of matter, the character of real truth.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Especially, such knowledge when it relates
to the physical world and its phenomena, the nature, constitution, and
forces of matter, the qualities and functions of living tissues, etc.;
-- called also <i>natural science</i>, and <i>physical
science</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Voltaire hardly left a single corner of the field
entirely unexplored in <i>science</i>, poetry, history,
philosophy.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any branch or department of systematized
knowledge considered as a distinct field of investigation or object of
study; as, the <i>science</i> of astronomy, of chemistry, or of
mind.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ancients reckoned seven sciences, namely, grammar,
rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy; -- the
first three being included in the <i>Trivium</i>, the remaining four
in the <i>Quadrivium</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Good sense, which only is the gift of Heaven,<BR>
And though no <i>science</i>, fairly worth the seven.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Art, skill, or expertness, regarded as the
result of knowledge of laws and principles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>science</i>, coolness, and great
strength.</blockquote> <i>G. A. Lawrence.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Science</i> is <i>applied</i> or <i>pure</i>. <i>Applied
science</i> is a knowledge of facts, events, or phenomena, as
explained, accounted for, or produced, by means of powers, causes, or
laws. <i>Pure science</i> is the knowledge of these powers, causes, or
laws, considered <i>apart</i>, or as pure from all applications. Both
these terms have a similar and special signification when applied to
the science of quantity; as, the <i>applied</i> and <i>pure
mathematics</i>. <i>Exact science</i> is knowledge so systematized
that prediction and verification, by measurement, experiment,
observation, etc., are possible. The mathematical and physical
sciences are called <i>the exact sciences</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Comparative sciences</b></col>, <col><b>Inductive
sciences</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Comparative</u>, and
<u>Inductive</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Literature; art; knowledge.  -- <u>Science</u>,
<u>Literature</u>, <u>Art</u>. <i>Science</i> is literally
<i>knowledge</i>, but more usually denotes a systematic and orderly
arrangement of knowledge. In a more distinctive sense, <i>science</i>
embraces those branches of knowledge of which the subject-matter is
either ultimate principles, or facts as explained by principles or
laws thus arranged in natural order. The term <i>literature</i>
sometimes denotes all compositions not embraced under <i>science</i>,
but usually confined to the <i>belles-lettres</i>. [See
<u>Literature</u>.] <i>Art</i> is that which depends on practice and
skill in performance. "In <i>science</i>, <i>scimus ut sciamus</i>; in
art, <i>scimus ut producamus</i>. And, therefore, <i>science</i> and
<i>art</i> may be said to be investigations of truth; but one,
<i>science</i>, inquires for the sake of knowledge; the other,
<i>art</i>, for the sake of production; and hence <i>science</i> is
more concerned with the higher truths, <i>art</i> with the lower; and
<i>science</i> never is engaged, as <i>art</i> is, in productive
application.  And the most perfect state of <i>science</i>, therefore,
will be the most high and accurate inquiry; the perfection of
<i>art</i> will be the most apt and efficient system of rules; art
always throwing itself into the form of rules."  <i>Karslake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci"ence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to become
versed in science; to make skilled; to instruct.</def> [R.]
<i>Francis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sciens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr.] <def>Knowing; skillful.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sci*en"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Knowingly; willfully.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci*en"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>scientialis</i>, fr. L. <i>scientia</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or
producing, science.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci`en*tif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>scientifique</i>; L. <i>scientia</i> science + <i>facere</i> to
make.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to science; used in
science; as, <i>scientific</i> principles; <i>scientific</i>
apparatus; <i>scientific</i> observations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Agreeing with, or depending on, the rules
or principles of science; as, a <i>scientific</i> classification; a
<i>scientific</i> arrangement of fossils.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having a knowledge of science, or of a
science; evincing science or systematic knowledge; as, a
<i>scientific</i> chemist; a <i>scientific</i> reasoner; a
<i>scientific</i> argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bossuet is as <i>scientific</i> in the structure of his
sentences.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scientific method</b></col>, <cd>the method employed in
exact science and consisting of: (<i>a</i>) Careful and abundant
observation and experiment. (<i>b</i>) generalization of the results
into formulated "Laws" and statements.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sci`en*tif"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scientific.</def> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci`en*tif"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scientific manner; according to the rules or principles of
science.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is easier to believe than to be
<i>scientifically</i> instructed.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci"en*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One learned in
science; a scientific investigator; one devoted to scientific study; a
savant.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p>&fist; Twenty years ago I ventured to propose one [a name for the
class of men who give their lives to scientific study] which has been
slowly finding its way to general adoption; and the word
<i>scientist</i>, though scarcely euphonious, has gradually assumed
its place in our vocabulary.  <i>B. A. Gould (Address, 1869).</i> </p>

<p><hw>Scil"i*cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>scire
licet</i> you may know.] <def>To wit; namely; videlicet; -- often
abbreviated to sc., or ss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scil"la*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside extracted from squill (<i>Scilla</i>) as a light porous
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scil"li*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scilitine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter principle extracted
from the bulbs of the squill (<i>Scilla</i>), and probably consisting
of a complex mixture of several substances.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scim"i*ter</hw> , <hw>Scim"i*tar</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cimeterre</i>, cf. It. <i>scimitarra</i>,
Sp. <i>cimitarra</i>; fr. Biscayan <i>cimetarra</i> with a sharp edge;
or corrupted from Per. <i>shimsh&imacr;r</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A saber with a much curved blade having the edge on the convex
side, -- in use among Mohammedans, esp., the Arabs and persians.</def>
[Written also <i>cimeter</i>, and <i>scymetar</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A long-handled billhook. See
<u>Billhook</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scimiter pods</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the immense
curved woody pods of a leguminous woody climbing plant (<i>Entada
scandens</i>) growing in tropical India and America. They contain hard
round flattish seeds two inches in diameter, which are made into
boxes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scin"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scincus</i> a
kind of lizard (fr. Gr. &?;) + <i>-oid</i>.  Cf. <u>Skink</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the family
<i>Scincid&aelig;</i>, or skinks.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
scincoidian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scin*coi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of lizards including the skinks. See
<u>Skink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scin*coid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of lizards of the
family <i>Scincid&aelig;</i> or tribe Scincoidea. The tongue is not
extensile. The body and tail are covered with overlapping scales, and
the toes are margined. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Skink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scin"iph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scinifes</i>,
<i>cinifes</i>, or <i>ciniphes</i>, pl., Gr. &?;.] <def>Some kind of
stinging or biting insect, as a flea, a gnat, a sandfly, or the
like.</def>  <i>Ex. viii. 17 (Douay version).</i></p>

<p><hw>Scink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
skink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slunk calf.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Scin*til"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A spark;
the least particle; an iota; a tittle.</def>  <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scin"til*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scintillans</i>, p. pr. of <i>scintillare</i> to sparkle. See
<u>Scintillate</u>.] <def>Emitting sparks, or fine igneous particles;
sparkling.</def>  <i>M. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scin"til*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scintillated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scintillating</u>.] [L. <i>scintillare</i>,
<i>scintillatum</i>, from <i>scintilla</i> a spark.  Cf.
<u>Stencil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To emit sparks, or fine
igneous particles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the electrical globe only <i>scintillates</i> when
rubbed against its cushion.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sparkle, as the fixed stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scin`til*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scintillatio</i>: cf. F. <i>scintillation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of scintillating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spark or flash emitted in
scintillating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>scintillations</i> are . . . the inflammable
effluences discharged from the bodies collided.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scin"til*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scintillant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Scin"til*lous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scintillant manner.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sci*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sciagraphy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"o*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sciolist</u>.] <def>The knowledge of a sciolist; superficial
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"o*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sciolus</i>.
See <u>Sciolous</u>.] <def>One who knows many things superficially; a
pretender to science; a smatterer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These passages in that book were enough to humble the
presumption of our modern <i>sciolists</i>, if their pride were not as
great as their ignorance.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A master were lauded and <i>sciolists</i>
shent.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci`o*lis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to sciolism, or a sciolist; partaking of sciolism;
resembling a sciolist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"o*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scilus</i>,
dim. of <i>scius</i> knowing, fr. <i>scire</i> to know. See
<u>Science</u>.] <def>Knowing superficially or imperfectly.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci*om"a*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;; &?;
a shadow + &?; battle: cf. F. <i>sciomachie</i>, <i>sciamachie</i>.]
<def>A fighting with a shadow; a mock contest; an imaginary or futile
combat.</def> [Written also <i>scimachy</i>.]  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sci"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a shadow +
<i>-mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>sciomance</i>, <i>sciamancie</i>.]
<def>Divination by means of shadows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cion</i>, F.
<i>scion</i>, probably from <i>scier</i> to saw, fr. L. <i>secare</i>
to cut. Cf. <u>Section</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A shoot or sprout of a plant; a sucker.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A piece of a slender branch or twig cut for
grafting.</def> [Formerly written also cion, and cyon.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a descendant; an heir; as, a
<i>scion</i> of a royal stock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*op"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; shadow + &?;
belonging to sight: cf. F. <i>scioptique</i>. See <u>Optic</u>.]
<i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to an optical arrangement for
forming images in a darkened room, usually called <i>scioptic
ball</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scioptic ball</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the lens of a
camera obscura mounted in a wooden ball which fits a socket in a
window shutter so as to be readily turned, like the eye, to different
parts of the landscape.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sci*op"ti*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Scioptic</u>.] <def>A kind of magic lantern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*op"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
process of exhibiting luminous images, especially those of external
objects, in a darkened room, by arrangements of lenses or
mirrors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*op"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>Scioptic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the island <i>Scio</i> (Chio or Chios).</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Scio.</def> [Written also
<i>Chiot</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sci`o*ther"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>sciothericon</i> a sundial. See <u>Sciatheric</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a sundial.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sciotheric telescope</b></col> <i>(Dialing)</i>, <cd>an
instrument consisting of a horizontal dial, with a telescope attached
to it, used for determining the time, whether of day or
night.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sci"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scius</i>.]
<def>Knowing; having knowledge.</def> "Brutes may be and are
<i>scious</i>." <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1288 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>||Sci`re fa"ci*as</hw> (s&imacr;`r&esl;
f&amacr;"sh&ibreve;*&abreve;s). [L., do you cause to know.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A judicial writ, founded upon some record, and
requiring the party proceeded against to show cause why the party
bringing it should not have advantage of such record, or (as in the
case of <i>scire facias</i> to repeal letters patent) why the record
should not be annulled or vacated.</def>  <i>Wharton. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scir"rhoid</hw> (sk&ibreve;r"roid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Scirrhus</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling scirrhus.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scir*rhos"i*ty</hw>
(sk&ibreve;r*r&obreve;s"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid induration, as of a gland; state of being
scirrhous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scir"rhous</hw> (sk&ibreve;r"r&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[NL. <i>scirrhosus</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Proceeding from scirrhus;
of the nature of scirrhus; indurated; knotty; as, <i>scirrhous</i>
affections; <i>scirrhous</i> disease.</def> [Written also
<i>skirrhous</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Scir"rhus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Scirrhi</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Scirrhuses</b></plw> (#).
[NL., from L. <i>scirros</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?;, &?;, hard.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An indurated organ or part;
especially, an indurated gland.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A cancerous tumor which is hard, translucent, of a gray or bluish
color, and emits a creaking sound when incised.</def> [Sometimes
incorrectly written <i>schirrus</i>; written also
<i>skirrhus</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Scis`ci*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sciscitatio</i>, fr. <i>sciscitari</i> to inquire, from
<i>sciscere</i> to seek to know, v. incho. from <i>scire</i> to know.]
<def>The act of inquiring; inquiry; demand.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>scindere</i>,
<i>scissum</i>, to cut, split.] <def>To cut; to penetrate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The wicked steel <i>scised</i> deep in his right
side.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scissile</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The clippings of metals made in various
mechanical operations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The slips or plates of metal out of which
circular blanks have been cut for the purpose of coinage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scis"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scindere</i>,
<i>scissum</i>, to split.] <def>Capable of being cut or divided by a
sharp instrument.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scissel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scissilis</i>,
fr. <i>scindere</i>, <i>scissum</i>, to cut, to split: cf. F.
<i>scissile</i>. See <u>Schism</u>.] <def>Capable of being cut
smoothly; scissible.</def> [R.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scissio</i>,
fr. <i>scindere</i>, <i>scissum</i>, to cut, to split: cf. F.
<i>scission</i>.] <def>The act of dividing with an instrument having a
sharp edge.</def> <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scis`si*par"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scissus</i> (p. p. of <i>scindere</i> to split) + <i>parere</i> to
bring forth: cf. F. <i>scissiparit&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Reproduction by fission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut with
scissors or shears; to prepare with the aid of scissors.</def>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sors</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sisoures</i>, OF. <i>cisoires</i> (cf. F. <i>ciseaux</i>), probably
fr. LL. <i>cisorium</i> a cutting instrument, fr. L. <i>caedere</i> to
cut.  Cf. <u>Chisel</u>, <u>Concise</u>. The modern spelling is due to
a mistaken derivation from L. <i>scissor</i> one who cleaves or
divides, fr. <i>scindere</i>, <i>scissum</i>, to cut, split.] <def>A
cutting instrument resembling shears, but smaller, consisting of two
cutting blades with handles, movable on a pin in the center, by which
they are held together. Often called a <i>pair of scissors</i>.</def>
[Formerly written also <i>cisors</i>, <i>cizars</i>, and
<i>scissars</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Scissors grinder</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
European goatsucker.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scis"sors*bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Skimmer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sors*tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tyrant flycatcher <i>(Milvulus
forficatus)</i> of the Southern United States and Mexico, which has a
deeply forked tail. It is light gray above, white beneath, salmon on
the flanks, and fiery red at the base of the crown feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sors-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the outer feathers much the longest,
the others decreasing regularly to the median ones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scis"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scissura</i>,
from <i>scindere</i>, <i>scissum</i>, to cut, split.] <def>A
longitudinal opening in a body, made by cutting; a cleft; a
fissure.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scit`a*min"e*ous</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>scitamineosus</i>, fr. <i>Scitamineae</i>, fr. L.
<i>scitamentum</i> a delicacy, dainty.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a natural order of plants (<i>Scitamine&aelig;</i>),
mostly tropical herbs, including the ginger, Indian shot, banana, and
the plants producing turmeric and arrowroot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"u*rine</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sciurien</i>. See <u>Sciurus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Squirrel family.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A rodent of the Squirrel family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci"u*roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sciurus</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling the tail of a squirrel; --
generally said of branches which are close and dense, or of spikes of
grass like barley.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sci`u*ro*mor"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>sciurus</i> squirrel + Gr. <grk>morfh`</grk> form.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of rodents containing the squirrels
and allied animals, such as the gophers, woodchucks, beavers, and
others.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sci*u"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a squirrel, Gr.
&?;. See <u>Squirrel</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of rodents
comprising the common squirrels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sclaun"dre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Slander.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sclav</hw> (?), <hw>Sclave</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Slav</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sclav"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Slavic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sclav"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Slavism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scla*vo"nian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Slavonian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scla*von"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Slavonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sclen"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slender.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scler"a*go`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; hard
+ &?; a leading or training.] <def>Severe discipline.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Scle*re"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Induration of the
cellular tissue.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sclerema of adults</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Scleroderma</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>||Sclerema neonatorum</b></col>
(&?;) [NL., of the newborn], <cd>an affection characterized by a
peculiar hardening and rigidity of the cutaneous and subcutaneous
tissues in the newly born. It is usually fatal. Called also
<i>skinbound disease</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scle*ren"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <i>-enchyma</i> as in <i>parenchyma</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Vegetable tissue composed of
short cells with thickened or hardened walls, as in nutshells and the
gritty parts of a pear. See <u>Sclerotic</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By recent German writers and their English translators, this
term is used for <i>liber cells</i>.  <i>Goodale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hard calcareous
deposit in the tissues of Anthozoa, constituting the stony
corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scler`en*chym"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or composed of,
sclerenchyma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*ren"chyme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sclerenchyma.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scle*ri"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A morbid induration of
the edge of the eyelid.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Induration of
any part, including scleroderma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle"rite</hw> (skl&emacr;"r&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hard chitinous or calcareous process or
corpuscle, especially a spicule of the Alcyonaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scle*ri"tis</hw> (skl&esl;*r&imacr;"t&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See <u>Sclerotitis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scler"o*base</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <grk>ba`sis</grk> base.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The calcareous or hornlike coral forming the
central stem or axis of most compound alcyonarians; -- called also
<i>foot secretion</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Gorgoniacea</u>,
and <u>C&oelig;nenchyma</u>.</def> -- <wf>Scler`o*ba"sic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scler"o*derm</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <grk>de`rma</grk> skin: cf. F.
<i>scl&eacute;roderme</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a tribe of plectognath fishes (<i>Sclerodermi</i>) having
the skin covered with hard scales, or plates, as the cowfish and the
trunkfish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the
Sclerodermata.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Hardened, or bony,
integument of various animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scler`o*der"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease of adults, characterized by a diffuse
rigidity and hardness of the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scler`o*der"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The stony corals; the Madreporaria.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scler`o*der"mic</hw> (?), <hw>Scler`o*der"mous</hw> (?) },
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having the integument, or
skin, hard, or covered with hard plates.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Sclerodermata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scler`o*der"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hard integument of
Crustacea.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sclerenchyma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scler"o*gen</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
thickening matter of woody cells; lignin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Making
or secreting a hard substance; becoming hard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + &?; form.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a hard
texture, as nutshells.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scle*ro"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <i>-oma</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Induration
of the tissues. See <u>Sclerema</u>, <u>Scleroderma</u>, and
<u>Sclerosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for
determining with accuracy the degree of hardness of a
mineral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rosed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
sclerosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scle*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
(&?;&?;, fr. <grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Induration; hardening; especially, that form of
induration produced in an organ by increase of its interstitial
connective tissue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Hardening of the cell wall by
lignification.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cerebro-spinal sclerosis</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an
affection in which patches of hardening, produced by increase of the
neuroglia and atrophy of the true nerve tissue, are found scattered
throughout the brain and spinal cord. It is associated with complete
or partial paralysis, a peculiar jerking tremor of the muscles,
headache, and vertigo, and is usually fatal. Called also <i>multiple,
disseminated, or insular, sclerosis</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scle`ro*skel"e*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + E. <i>skeleton</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>That part of the skeleton which is developed in tendons,
ligaments, and aponeuroses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*ro"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Sclerotic.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The optic capsule;
the sclerotic coat of the eye.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard: cf. F. <i>scl&eacute;rotique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hard; firm; indurated; -- applied especially
in anatomy to the firm outer coat of the eyeball, which is often
cartilaginous and sometimes bony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
sclerotic coat of the eye; sclerotical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Affected with sclerosis;
sclerosed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sclerotic parenchyma</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>sclerenchyma. By some writers a distinction is made, <i>sclerotic
parenchyma</i> being applied to tissue composed of cells with the
walls hardened but not thickened, and <i>sclerenchyma</i> to tissue
composed of cells with the walls both hardened and thickened.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rot"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scl&eacute;rotique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The sclerotic coat of
the eye. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Eye</u>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rot"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from ergot or the
sclerotium of a fungus growing on rye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scle*rot"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Sclerotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scler`o*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sclerotic</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation
of the sclerotic coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scle*ro"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sclerotia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>sklhro`s</grk>
hard.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A hardened body formed by
certain fungi, as by the <i>Claviceps purpurea</i>, which produces
ergot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The mature or resting
stage of a plasmodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scler"o*tome</hw> (skl&ebreve;r"&osl;*t&omacr;m <i>or</i>
skl&emacr;r"&osl;*t&omacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sklhro`s</grk> hard + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the bony, cartilaginous, or membranous
partitions which separate the myotomes.</def> --
<wf>Scler`o*tom"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scle"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Hard; indurated; sclerotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scoat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prop; to
scotch.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scob"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
chaffinch.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scob"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scobs</i>, or
<i>scobis</i>, sawdust, scrapings + <i>-form</i>: cf. F.
<i>scobiforme</i>.] <def>Having the form of, or resembling, sawdust or
raspings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scobs</hw>, <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>scobs</i>,
or <i>scobis</i>, fr. <i>scabere</i> to scrape.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Raspings of ivory, hartshorn, metals, or other hard
substance.</def>  <i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The dross of metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scoff</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scof</i>;
akin to OFries. <i>schof</i>, OHG. <i>scoph</i>, Icel. <i>skaup</i>,
and perh. to E. <i>shove</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Derision;
ridicule; mockery; derisive or mocking expression of scorn, contempt,
or reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>scoffs</i>, and scorns, and contumelious
taunts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An object of scorn, mockery, or
derision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scoff</i> of withered age and beardless
youth.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scoffed</u> (?; 115); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scoffing</u>.] [Cf. Dan. <i>skuffe</i> to deceive,
delude, Icel. <i>skopa</i> to scoff, OD. <i>schoppen</i>. See
<u>Scoff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To show insolent ridicule or
mockery; to manifest contempt by derisive acts or language; -- often
with <i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Truth from his lips prevailed with double sway,<BR>
And fools who came to <i>scoff</i>, remained to pray.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God's better gift they <i>scoff</i> at and
refuse.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To sneer; mock; gibe; jeer. See <u>Sneer</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Scoff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat or address
with derision; to assail scornfully; to mock at.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>scoff</i> religion is ridiculously proud and
immodest.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoff"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scoffs.</def>  <i>2 Pet. iii. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoff"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
scoffing; scoffing conduct; mockery.</def>  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoff"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scoffing
manner.</def> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Poke
(<i>Phytolacca decandra</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scoley</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scold</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scolded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scolding</u>.] [Akin to D. <i>schelden</i>, G. <i>schelten</i>,
OHG. <i>sceltan</i>, Dan. <i>skielde</i>.] <def>To find fault or rail
with rude clamor; to brawl; to utter harsh, rude, boisterous rebuke;
to chide sharply or coarsely; -- often with <i>at</i>; as, to
<i>scold</i> at a servant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pardon me, lords, 't is the first time ever<BR>
I was forced to <i>scold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scold</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To chide with rudeness
and clamor; to rate; also, to rebuke or reprove with
severity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scold</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who scolds, or makes a practice of scolding; esp., a rude, clamorous
woman; a shrew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is an irksome, brawling <i>scold</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A scolding; a brawl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scold"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who scolds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
oyster catcher; -- so called from its shrill cries.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The old squaw.</def> [Local U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scold"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Scold</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Scolding bridle</b></col>, <cd>an iron frame. See
<u>Brank</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scold"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scolding
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>School.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sco*le"ci*da</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Scolex</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Helminthes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scol"e*cite</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>skw`lhx</grk>, <grk>-hkos</grk>, a worm, earthworm.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A zeolitic mineral occuring in delicate radiating
groups of white crystals. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and
lime. Called also <i>lime mesotype</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sco*le`co*mor"pha</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Scolex</u>, <u>-morphous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Scolecida</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sco"lex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scoleces</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. <grk>skw`lhx</grk>
worm, grub.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The embryo
produced directly from the egg in a metagenetic series, especially the
larva of a tapeworm or other parasitic worm. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Echinococcus</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the
Scolecida.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco*ley"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>escoler</i> to teach. See <u>School</u>.] <def>To go to school; to
study.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sco`li*o"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>skolio`s</grk> crooked.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A lateral curvature
of the spine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scol"i*thus</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>skw`lhx</grk> a worm + <grk>li`qos</grk> a stone.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A tubular structure found in Potsdam sandstone,
and believed to be the fossil burrow of a marine worm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scol"lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scallop</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scol`o*pa"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scolopax</i> a snipe, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the <i>Scolopacid&aelig;</i>, or Snipe family.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scol`o*pen"dra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of
multiped, fr. Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of venomous myriapods including the centipeds. See
<u>Centiped</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sea fish.</def> [R.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scol`o*pen"drine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
Scolopendra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scol"y*tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to cut
short.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of small
bark-boring beetles of the genus <i>Scolytus</i> and allied genera.
Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scom"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a mackerel, Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of acanthopterygious fishes
which includes the common mackerel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scom"ber*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scomb&eacute;ro&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Scombroid</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1289 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>||Scom`bri*for"mes</hw>
(sk&obreve;m`br&ibreve;*f&ocirc;r"m&emacr;z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of fishes including the
mackerels, tunnies, and allied fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scom"broid</hw> (sk&obreve;m"broid), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Scomber</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or
pertaining to the Mackerel family.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Any fish of the family <i>Scombrid&aelig;</i>, of which the
mackerel (<i>Scomber</i>) is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scom"fish</hw> (sk&obreve;m"f&ibreve;sh <i>or</i> sk&ubreve;m"-
), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To suffocate or stifle; to
smother.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scom"fit</hw> (sk&ubreve;m"f&ibreve;y), <pos><i>n. &
v.</i></pos> <def>Discomfit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scomm</hw> (sk&obreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scomma</i> a taunt, jeer, scoff, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to mock, scoff
at.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A buffoon.</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flout; a jeer; a gibe; a taunt.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sconce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>schans</i>, OD.
<i>schantse</i>, perhaps from OF. <i>esconse</i> a hiding place, akin
to <i>esconser</i> to hide, L. <i>absconsus</i>, <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> of <i>abscondere</i>. See <u>Abscond</u>, and cf.
<u>Ensconce</u>, <u>Sconce</u> a candlestick.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fortification, or work for defense; a fort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>sconce</i> or fortress of his raising was ever
known either to have been forced, or yielded up, or
quitted.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hut for protection and shelter; a
stall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One that . . . must raise a <i>sconce</i> by the
highway and sell switches.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of armor for the head; headpiece;
helmet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must get a <i>sconce</i> for my head.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The head; the skull; also, brains;
sense; discretion.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To knock him about the <i>sconce</i> with a dirty
shovel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A poll tax; a mulct or fine.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [OF. <i>esconse</i> a dark lantern, properly, a
hiding place. See Etymol. above.] <def>A protection for a light; a
lantern or cased support for a candle; hence, a fixed hanging or
projecting candlestick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tapers put into lanterns or <i>sconces</i> of several-
colored, oiled paper, that the wind might not annoy them.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Golden <i>sconces</i> hang not on the
walls.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the circular tube, with a brim, in a
candlestick, into which the candle is inserted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A squinch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A fragment of a floe of ice.</def>
<i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> [Perhaps a different word.] <def>A fixed seat
or shelf.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sconce</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sconced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sconcing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shut up in a sconce; to
imprison; to insconce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Immure him, <i>sconce</i> him, barricade him in
't.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mulct; to fine.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scon"cheon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
squinch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cake, thinner than
a bannock, made of wheat or barley or oat meal.</def> [Written
variously, <i>scon</i>, <i>skone</i>, <i>skon</i>, etc.] [Scot.]
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scope</i>, of
Scand. origin; cf. Sw. <i>skopa</i>, akin to D. <i>schop</i> a shovel,
G. <i>sch&uuml;ppe</i>, and also to E. <i>shove</i>. See
<u>Shovel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large ladle; a vessel with a
long handle, used for dipping liquids; a utensil for bailing
boats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A deep shovel, or any similar implement for
digging out and dipping or shoveling up anything; as, a flour
<i>scoop</i>; the <i>scoop</i> of a dredging machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A spoon-shaped instrument,
used in extracting certain substances or foreign bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A place hollowed out; a basinlike cavity; a
hollow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some had lain in the <i>scoop</i> of the
rock.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Drake.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A sweep; a stroke; a swoop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The act of scooping, or taking with a scoop
or ladle; a motion with a scoop, as in dipping or shoveling.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scoop net</b></col>, <cd>a kind of hand net, used in
fishing; also, a net for sweeping the bottom of a river.</cd> --
<col><b>Scoop wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel for raising water, having
scoops or buckets attached to its circumference; a tympanum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scoop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scooped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scooping</u>.] [OE. <i>scopen</i>. See <u>Scoop</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take out or up with,
a scoop; to lade out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>scooped</i> the water from the crystal
flood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To empty by lading; as, to <i>scoop</i> a
well dry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make hollow, as a scoop or dish; to
excavate; to dig out; to form by digging or excavation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those carbuncles the Indians will <i>scoop</i>, so as
to hold above a pint.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, scoops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The avocet; -- so
called because it scoops up the mud to obtain food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scoot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To walk fast; to
go quickly; to run hastily away.</def> [Colloq. &amp; Humorous, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sco"pa*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
yellow gelatinous or crystalline substance found in broom (<i>Cytisus
scoparius</i>) accompanying sparte&iuml;ne.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scopae</i>,
<i>scopa</i>, a broom.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the surface
closely covered with hairs, like a brush.</def></p>

<p><hw>-scope</hw> (&?;). [Gr. <grk>skopo`s</grk> a watcher, spy. See
<u>Scope</u>.] <def>A combining form usually signifying <i>an
instrument for viewing</i> (with the eye) or <i>observing</i> (in any
way); as in micro<i>scope</i>, tele<i>scope</i>, alto<i>scope</i>,
anemo<i>scope</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>scopo</i>, L.
<i>scopos</i> a mark, aim, Gr. <grk>skopo`s</grk>, a watcher, mark,
aim; akin to &?;, &?; to view, and perh. to E. <i>spy</i>. Cf.
<u>Skeptic</u>, <u>Bishop</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That at which
one aims; the thing or end to which the mind directs its view; that
which is purposed to be reached or accomplished; hence, ultimate
design, aim, or purpose; intention; drift; object.</def> "Shooting
wide, do miss the marked <i>scope</i>." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>scope</i> is as mine own,<BR>
So to enforce or qualify the laws<BR>
As to your soul seems good.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scope</i> of all their pleading against man's
authority, is to overthrow such laws and constitutions in the
church.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Room or opportunity for free outlook or
aim; space for action; amplitude of opportunity; free course or vent;
liberty; range of view, intent, or action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give him line and <i>scope</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the fate and fortunes of the human race,
<i>scope</i> is given to the operation of laws which man must always
fail to discern the reasons of.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Excuse me if I have given too much <i>scope</i> to the
reflections which have arisen in my mind.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An intellectual cultivation of no moderate depth or
<i>scope</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Extended area.</def> [Obs.] "The
<i>scopes</i> of land granted to the first adventurers." <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Length; extent; sweep; as, <i>scope</i> of
cable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"pe*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Scopeloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"pe*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Scopelus</i>, typical genus (fr. Gr. &?; a headland) + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to fishes of the
genus <i>Scopelus</i>, or family <i>Scopelod&aelig;</i>, which
includes many small oceanic fishes, most of which are
phosphorescent.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any fish of the family <i>Scopelid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco*pif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scopae</i>, <i>scopa</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Bearing a tuft of brushlike hairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"pi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scopae</i>,
<i>scopa</i>, a broom + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a broom
or besom.</def> "Zeolite, stelliform or <i>scopiform</i>."
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sco"pi*ped</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scopae</i>, <i>scopa</i>, a broom + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a
foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Scopuliped</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scop"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Scoop</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To lade or dip out.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scops" owl`</hw> (?). [NL. <i>scops</i>, fr. Gr. &?; the little
horned owl.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
small owls of the genus <i>Scops</i> having ear tufts like those of
the horned owls, especially the European scops owl (<i>Scops giu</i>),
and the American screech owl (<i>S. asio</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scop"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Scop"tic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>skwptiko`s</grk>, from
<grk>skw`ptein</grk> to mock, to scoff at.] <def>Jesting; jeering;
scoffing.</def> [Obs.] <i>South.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Scop"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Scop"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Scopulas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Scopul&aelig;</b></plw>
(#). [L. <i>scopulae</i>, pl. a little broom.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A peculiar brushlike organ found on the foot
of spiders and used in the construction of the web.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A special tuft of hairs on the leg of a
bee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scop"u*li*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scopulae</i>, pl., a little broom (fr. <i>scopae</i> a broom) +
<i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species
of bee which has on the hind legs a brush of hairs used for collecting
pollen, as the hive bees and bumblebees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scop"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scopulosus</i>, fr. <i>scopulus</i> a rock, Gr. &?;.] <def>Full of
rocks; rocky.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scor"bute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>scorbutus</i>:
cf. F. <i>scorbut</i>. See <u>Scurvy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Scurvy.</def> [Obs.] <i>Purchas.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scor*bu"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Scor*bu"tic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>scorbutique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to scurvy; of the nature of, or resembling,
scurvy; diseased with scurvy; as, a <i>scorbutic</i> person;
<i>scorbutic</i> complaints or symptoms.</def> --
<wf>Scor*bu"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Scor*bu"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. See
<u>Scorbute</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Scurvy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scorce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Barter.</def> [Obs.]
See <u>Scorse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Scorch</hw> (sk&ocirc;rch), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scorched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Scorching</u>.] [OE. <i>scorchen</i>, probably
akin to <i>scorcnen</i>; cf. Norw. <i>skrokken</i> shrunk up,
<i>skrekka</i>, <i>skr&ouml;kka</i>, to shrink, to become wrinkled up,
dial. Sw. <i>skr&aring;kkla</i> to wrinkle (see <u>Shrug</u>); but
perhaps influenced by OF. <i>escorchier</i> to strip the bark from, to
flay, to skin, F. <i>&eacute;corcher</i>, LL. <i>excorticare</i>; L.
<i>ex</i> from + <i>cortex</i>, <i>-icis</i>, bark (cf. <u>Cork</u>);
because the skin falls off when scorched.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
burn superficially; to parch, or shrivel, the surface of, by heat; to
subject to so much heat as changes color and texture without
consuming; as, to <i>scorch</i> linen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Summer drouth or sing&egrave;d air<BR>
Never <i>scorch</i> thy tresses fair.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To affect painfully with heat, or as with
heat; to dry up with heat; to affect as by heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lashed by mad rage, and <i>scorched</i> by brutal
fires.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To burn; to destroy by, or as by,
fire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Power was given unto him to <i>scorch</i> men with
fire.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xvi. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fire that <i>scorches</i> me to death.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be burnt on the surface; to be parched; to be dried up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scatter a little mungy straw or fern amongst your
seedlings, to prevent the roots from <i>scorching</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To burn or be burnt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He laid his long forefinger on the scarlet letter,
which forthwith seemed to <i>scorch</i> into Hester's breast, as if it
had been red hot.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Burning; parching or
shriveling with heat.</def> -- <wf>Scorch"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Scorch"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Score</hw> (sk&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scor</i>
twenty, fr. <i>sceran</i>, <i>scieran</i>, to shear, cut, divide; or
rather the kindred Icel. <i>skor</i> incision, twenty, akin to Dan.
<i>skure</i> a notch, Sw. <i>sk&aring;ra</i>. See <u>Shear</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A notch or incision; especially, one that is
made as a tally mark; hence, a mark, or line, made for the purpose of
account.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereas, before, our forefathers had no other books but
the <i>score</i> and the tally, thou hast caused printing to be
used.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An account or reckoning; account of dues;
bill; hence, indebtedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He parted well, and paid his <i>score</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Account; reason; motive; sake;
behalf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But left the trade, as many more<BR>
Have lately done on the same <i>score</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You act your kindness in Cydaria's
<i>score</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The number twenty, as being marked off by a
special score or tally; hence, in <i>pl.</i>, a large
number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Amongst three or four <i>score</i>
hogsheads.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At length the queen took upon herself to grant patents
of monopoly by <i>scores</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A distance of twenty yards; -- a term used
in ancient archery and gunnery.</def> <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A weight of twenty pounds.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The number of points gained by the
contestants, or either of them, in any game, as in cards or
cricket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A line drawn; a groove or furrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The original and entire
draught, or its transcript, of a composition, with the parts for all
the different instruments or voices written on staves one above
another, so that they can be read at a glance; -- so called from the
bar, which, in its early use, was drawn through all the parts.</def>
<i>Moore (Encyc. of Music).</i></p>

<p><col><b>In score</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>having all the parts
arranged and placed in juxtaposition.</cd> <i>Smart.</i> -- <col><b>To
quit scores</b></col>, <cd>to settle or balance accounts; to render an
equivalent; to make compensation.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Does not the earth <i>quit scores</i> with all the
elements in the noble fruits that issue from it?</blockquote>
<i>South.</i> </p>

<p><hw>Score</hw> (sk&omacr;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scored</u> (sk&omacr;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scoring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark with
lines, scratches, or notches; to cut notches or furrows in; to notch;
to scratch; to furrow; as, to <i>score</i> timber for hewing; to
<i>score</i> the back with a lash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us <i>score</i> their backs.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A briar in that tangled wilderness<BR>
Had <i>scored</i> her white right hand.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, to mark with significant lines
or notches, for indicating or keeping account of something; as, to
<i>score</i> a tally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mark or signify by lines or notches; to
keep record or account of; to set down; to record; to
charge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Madam, I know when,<BR>
Instead of five, you <i>scored</i> me ten.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor need I tallies thy dear love to
<i>score</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To engrave, as upon a shield.</def> [R.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make a score of, as points, runs, etc.,
in a game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To write down in proper order
and arrangement; as, to <i>score</i> an overture for an orchestra. See
<u>Score</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>To mark with parallel lines
or scratches; as, the rocks of New England and the Western States were
<i>scored</i> in the drift epoch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scor"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, scores.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sco"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scori&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; dung,
ordure.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The recrement of metals in fusion, or
the slag rejected after the reduction of metallic ores;
dross.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cellular slaggy lava; volcanic
cinders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ri*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scoriaceous.</def> <i>E. A. Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sco`ri*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scoriac&eacute;</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to scoria; like scoria
or the recrement of metals; partaking of the nature of
scoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The young of any gull.</def> [Written also <i>scaurie</i>.]
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sco`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scorification</i>. See <u>Scorify</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
act, process, or result of scorifying, or reducing to a slag; hence,
the separation from earthy matter by means of a slag; as, the
<i>scorification</i> of ores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ri*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>One who, or that which, scorifies; specifically, a small flat
bowl-shaped cup used in the first heating in assaying, to remove the
earth and gangue, and to concentrate the gold and silver in a lead
button.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In the form of
scoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scorified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scorifying</u> (?).] [<i>Scoria</i> + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F.
<i>scorifier</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To reduce to scoria or slag;
specifically, in assaying, to fuse so as to separate the gangue and
earthy material, with borax, lead, soda, etc., thus leaving the gold
and silver in a lead button; hence, to separate from, or by means of,
a slag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Scoriaceous.</def> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorn</hw> (sk&ocirc;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>scorn</i>, <i>scarn</i>, <i>scharn</i>, OF. <i>escarn</i>,
<i>escharn</i>, <i>eschar</i>, of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>skern</i>
mockery, <i>skern&omacr;n</i> to mock; but cf. also OF.
<i>escorner</i> to mock.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extreme and lofty
contempt; haughty disregard; that disdain which springs from the
opinion of the utter meanness and unworthiness of an object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scorn</i> at first makes after love the
more.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And wandered backward as in <i>scorn</i>,<BR>
To wait an &aelig;on to be born.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act or expression of extreme
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every sullen frown and bitter <i>scorn</i><BR>
But fanned the fuel that too fast did burn.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An object of extreme disdain, contempt, or
derision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou makest us a reproach to our neighbors, a
<i>scorn</i> and a derision to them that are round about
us.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xliv. 13.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To think scorn</b></col>, <cd>to regard as worthy of scorn
or contempt; to disdain.</cd> "He <i>thought scorn</i> to lay hands on
Mordecai alone." <i>Esther iii. 6.</i> -- <col><b>To laugh to
scorn</b></col>, <cd>to deride; to make a mock of; to ridicule as
contemptible.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contempt; disdain; derision; contumely; despite;
slight; dishonor; mockery.</p>

<p><hw>Scorn</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scorned</u> (sk&ocirc;rnd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scoring</u>.] [OE. <i>scornen</i>, <i>scarnen</i>,
<i>schornen</i>, OF. <i>escarnir</i>, <i>escharnir</i>. See
<u>Scorn</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hold in
extreme contempt; to reject as unworthy of regard; to despise; to
contemn; to disdain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>scorn</i> thy meat; 't would choke
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This my long sufferance, and my day of grace,<BR>
Those who neglect and <i>scorn</i> shall never taste.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>scorn</i> what is in itself contemptible or
disgraceful.</blockquote> <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with extreme contempt; to make the
object of insult; to mock; to scoff at; to deride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His fellow, that lay by his bed's side,<BR>
Gan for to laugh, and <i>scorned</i> him full fast.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To taunt and <i>scorn</i> you thus
opprobriously.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To contemn; despise; disdain. See
<u>Contemn</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1290 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scorn</hw> (sk&ocirc;rn), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
scoff; to mock; to show contumely, derision, or reproach; to act
disdainfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He said mine eyes were black and my hair black,<BR>
And, now I am remembered, <i>scorned</i> at me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who scorns; a
despiser; a contemner; specifically, a scoffer at religion.</def>
"Great <i>scorners</i> of death." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Surely he scorneth the <i>scorners</i>: but he giveth
grace unto the lowly.</blockquote> <i>Prov. iii. 34.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorn"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of scorn or contempt; contemptuous; disdainful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scornful</i> of winter's frost and summer's
sun.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dart not <i>scornful</i> glances from those
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Treated with scorn; exciting scorn.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scornful</i> mark of every open
eye.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contemptuous; disdainful; contumelious; reproachful;
insolent.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Scorn"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Scorn"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scorn"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deserving scorn;
paltry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scor"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>scorodit</i>;
-- so called in allusion to its smell under the blowpipe, from Gr. &?;
garlic.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A leek-green or brownish mineral occurring
in orthorhombic crystals. It is a hydrous arseniate of iron.</def>
[Written also <i>skorodite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Scor*p&aelig;"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Scorpaena</i>, a typical genus (see <u>Scorpene</u>) + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the family
<i>Scorp&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>, which includes the scorpene, the
rosefish, the California rockfishes, and many other food fishes.
[Written also <i>scorp&aelig;nid</i>.] See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Rockfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scor"pene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>scorp&egrave;ne</i>, fr. L. <i>scorpaena</i> a kind of fish, Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine food fish of the genus
<i>Scorp&aelig;na</i>, as the European hogfish (<i>S. scrofa</i>), and
the California species (<i>S. guttata</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Scor"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Scauper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scor"pi*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scorpiones</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A scorpion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
eighth sign of the zodiac, which the sun enters about the twenty-third
day of October, marked thus [&scorpio;] in almanacs.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A constellation of the zodiac containing the
bright star Antares. It is drawn on the celestial globe in the figure
of a scorpion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scor`pi*o"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Scorpiones</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scor"pi*oid</hw> (?), <hw>Scor`pi*oid"al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; a scorpion + &?; form.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the inflorescence curved or circinate
at the end, like a scorpion's tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scor"pi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>scorpio</i>, <i>scorpius</i>, Gr. &?;, perhaps akin to E.
<i>sharp</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of pulmonate arachnids of the order Scorpiones,
having a suctorial mouth, large claw-bearing palpi, and a caudal
sting.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Scorpions have a flattened body, and a long, slender post-
abdomen formed of six movable segments, the last of which terminates
in a curved venomous sting. The venom causes great pain, but is
unattended either with redness or swelling, except in the axillary or
inguinal glands, when an extremity is affected. It is seldom if ever
destructive of life. Scorpions are found widely dispersed in the warm
climates of both the Old and New Worlds.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pine or gray lizard
(<i>Sceloporus undulatus</i>).</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The scorpene.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>A painful
scourge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My father hath chastised you with whips, but I will
chastise you with <i>scorpions</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xii.
11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A sign and constellation.
See <u>Scorpio</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>An ancient military engine
for hurling stones and other missiles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Book scorpion</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Book</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>False scorpion</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>False</u>, and <i>Book
scorpion</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scorpion bug</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Water scorpion</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Nepa</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scorpion fly</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a neuropterous insect of the genus
<i>Panorpa</i>. See <u>Panorpid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scorpion
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Myosotis</i>. <i>M. palustris</i> is the forget-me-not.</cd> --
<col><b>Scorpion senna</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a yellow-flowered
leguminous shrub (<i>Coronilla Emerus</i>) having a slender joined
pod, like a scorpion's tail. The leaves are said to yield a dye like
indigo, and to be used sometimes to adulterate senna.</cd> --
<col><b>Scorpion shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any shell of
the genus Pteroceras. See <u>Pteroceras</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scorpion
spiders</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of the
Pedipalpi.</cd> -- <col><b>Scorpion's tail</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>any plant of the leguminous genus <i>Scorpiurus</i>, herbs with a
circinately coiled pod; -- also called <i>caterpillar</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Scorpion's thorn</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a thorny
leguminous plant (<i>Genista Scorpius</i>) of Southern Europe.</cd> --
<col><b>The Scorpion's Heart</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the star
Antares in the constellation Scorpio.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Scor`pi*o"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of arachnids comprising the
scorpions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scor`pi*o*nid"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Scorpiones</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scor"pi*on*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A leguminous plant (<i>Ornithopus scorpioides</i>) of Southern
Europe, having slender curved pods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scorse</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>scorsa</i> a course, and E. <i>discourse</i>.] <def>Barter;
exchange; trade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And recompensed them with a better
<i>scorse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>scourse</i>, and <i>scoss</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To barter
or exchange.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To chase.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scorse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To deal for the
purchase of anything; to practice barter.</def> [Obs.] <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scor"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scortator</i> a fornicator, from <i>scortari</i> to fornicate,
<i>scortum</i> a prostitute.] <def>Pertaining to lewdness or
fornication; lewd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name for a
horse.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>Skoti</i>, pl., AS.
<i>Scotta</i>, pl. <i>Skottas</i>, <i>Sceottas</i>.] <def>A native or
inhabitant of Scotland; a Scotsman, or Scotchman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skot</i>; or OF.
<i>escot</i>, F. <i>&eacute;cot</i>, LL. <i>scottum</i>,
<i>scotum</i>, from a kindred German word; akin to AS. <i>scot</i>,
and E. <i>shot</i>, <i>shoot</i>; cf. AS. <i>sce&oacute;tan</i> to
shoot, to contribute. See <u>Shoot</u>, and cf. <u>Shot</u>.] <def>A
portion of money assessed or paid; a tax or contribution; a mulct; a
fine; a shot.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scot and lot</b></col>, <cd>formerly, a parish assessment
laid on subjects according to their ability.</cd> [Eng.]
<i>Cowell.</i> <cd>Now, a phrase for obligations of every kind
regarded collectivelly.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Experienced men of the world know very well that it is
best to pay <i>scot and lot</i> as they go along.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i> </p>

<p>{ <hw>Scot"al</hw> (?), <hw>Scot"ale</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Scot</i> + <i>ale</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>The keeping of an alehouse by an officer of a forest, and drawing
people to spend their money for liquor, for fear of his
displeasure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scottish</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Scotland, its language, or its inhabitants;
Scottish.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scotch broom</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the <i>Cytisus
scoparius</i>. See <u>Broom</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scotch
dipper</b></col>, or <col><b>Scotch duck</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the bufflehead; -- called also <i>Scotch
teal</i>, and <i>Scotchman</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scotch
fiddle</b></col>, <cd>the itch.</cd> [Low] <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> --
<col><b>Scotch mist</b></col>, <cd>a coarse, dense mist, like fine
rain.</cd> -- <col><b>Scotch nightingale</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the sedge warbler.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Scotch pebble</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>pebble</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Scotch pine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Riga
fir</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scotch thistle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
species of thistle (<i>Onopordon acanthium</i>); -- so called from its
being the national emblem of the Scotch.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scotch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
dialect or dialects of English spoken by the people of
Scotland.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Collectively, the people of
Scotland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scotched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scotching</u>.] [Cf. Prov. E. <i>scote</i> a prop, and Walloon
<i>ascot</i> a prop, <i>ascoter</i> to prop, F. <i>accoter</i>, also
Armor. <i>skoaz</i> the shoulder, <i>skoazia</i> to shoulder up, to
prop, to support, W. <i>ysgwydd</i> a shoulder, <i>ysgwyddo</i> to
shoulder. Cf. <u>Scoat</u>.] [Written also <i>scoatch</i>,
<i>scoat</i>.] <def>To shoulder up; to prop or block with a wedge,
chock, etc., as a wheel, to prevent its rolling or slipping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chock, wedge, prop, or
other support, to prevent slipping; as, a <i>scotch</i> for a wheel or
a log on inclined ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Probably the same word as
<i>scutch</i>; cf. Norw. <i>skoka</i>, <i>skoko</i>, a swingle for
flax; perhaps akin to E. <i>shake</i>.] <def>To cut superficially; to
wound; to score.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have <i>scotched</i> the snake, not killed
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scotched collops</b></col> <i>(Cookery)</i>, <cd>a dish
made of pieces of beef or veal cut thin, or minced, beaten flat, and
stewed with onion and other condiments; -- called also <i>Scotch
collops</i>.</cd> [Written also <i>scotcht collops</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Scotch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slight cut or
incision; a score.</def> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scotch"-hop`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Hopscotch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Masonry)</i>
<def>Dressing stone with a pick or pointed instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scotchmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Scotland; a Scot; a Scotsman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of wood or stiff
hide placed over shrouds and other rigging to prevent chafe by the
running gear.</def> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>scote</i> to plow up.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of northern sea ducks of the genus <i>Oidemia</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The European scoters are <i>Oidemia nigra</i>, called also
<i>black duck</i>, <i>black diver</i>, <i>surf duck</i>; and the
velvet, or double, scoter (<i>O. fusca</i>). The common American
species are the velvet, or white-winged, scoter (<i>O. Deglandi</i>),
called also <i>velvet duck</i>, <i>white-wing</i>, <i>bull coot</i>,
<i>white-winged coot</i>; the black scoter (<i>O. Americana</i>),
called also <i>black coot</i>, <i>butterbill</i>, <i>coppernose</i>;
and the surf scoter, or surf duck (<i>O. perspicillata</i>), called
also <i>baldpate</i>, <i>skunkhead</i>, <i>horsehead</i>,
<i>patchhead</i>, <i>pishaug</i>, and <i>spectacled coot</i>. These
birds are collectively called also <i>coots</i>. The females and young
are called <i>gray coots</i>, and <i>brown coots</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Scot"-free"</hw> [?], <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
payment of scot; untaxed; hence, unhurt; clear; safe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do as much for this purpose, and thou shalt pass
<i>scot-free</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then young Hay escaped <i>scot-free</i> to
Holland.</blockquote> <i>A. Lang.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoth</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To clothe or cover
up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sco"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>skoti`a</grk> darkness, a sunken molding in the base of a pillar,
so called from the dark shadow it casts, from <grk>sko`tos</grk>
darkness.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A concave molding used especially in
classical architecture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"ti*a</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Scotland</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>Scotia</i>! my dear, my native soil!</blockquote>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sco"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>A follower of (Joannes) Duns <i>Scotus</i>, the Franciscan
scholastic (<i>d.</i> 1308), who maintained certain doctrines in
philosophy and theology, in opposition to the <i>Thomists</i>, or
followers of Thomas Aquinas, the Dominican scholastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scot"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sko`tos</grk> darkness + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for
writing in the dark, or without seeing.</def> <i>Maunder.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sco*to"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Scotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>scotomia</i>,
from Gr. &?; dizziness, fr. &?; to darken, fr. <grk>sko`tos</grk>
darkness: cf. F. <i>scotomie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dizziness
with dimness of sight.</def> [Obs.] <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Obscuration of the field of
vision due to the appearance of a dark spot before the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sco"to*scope</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sko`tos</grk> darkness + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An instrument that
discloses objects in the dark or in a faint light.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scots</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For older <i>Scottis</i>
Scottish. See <u>Scottish</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the Scotch;
Scotch; Scottish; as, <i>Scots</i> law; a pound <i>Scots</i> (1s.
8d.).</def></p>

<p><hw>Scots"man</hw> (-m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scotchman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scot"ter*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The burning of
a wad of pease straw at the end of harvest.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scot"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An idiom, or
mode of expression, peculiar to Scotland or Scotchmen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That, in short, in which the <i>Scotticism</i> of
Scotsmen most intimately consists, is the habit of
emphasis.</blockquote> <i>Masson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scot"ti*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
become like the Scotch; to make Scottish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Scot"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Scot</u> a
Scotchman: cf. AS. <i>Scyttisc</i>, and E. <u>Scotch</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Scots</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Of or
pertaining to the inhabitants of Scotland, their country, or their
language; as, <i>Scottish</i> industry or economy; a <i>Scottish</i>
chief; a <i>Scottish</i> dialect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scoun"drel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from Prov.
E. &amp; Scotch <i>scunner</i>, <i>scouner</i>, to loathe, to disgust,
akin to AS. <i>scunian</i> to shun. See <u>Shun</u>.] <def>A mean,
worthless fellow; a rascal; a villain; a man without honor or
virtue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, if your ancient, but ignoble blood<BR>
Has crept through <i>scoundrels</i> ever since the flood.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoun"drel</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Low; base; mean;
unprincipled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scoun"drel*dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The domain
or sphere of scoundrels; scoundrels, collectively; the state, ideas,
or practices of scoundrels.</def> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scoun"drel*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
practices or conduct of a scoundrel; baseness; rascality.</def>
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scour</hw> (skour), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scoured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scouring</u>.] [Akin to LG. <i>sch&uuml;ren</i>, D. <i>schuren</i>,
<i>schueren</i>, G. <i>scheuern</i>, Dan. <i>skure</i>; Sw.
<i>skura</i>; all possibly fr. LL. <i>escurare</i>, fr. L. <i>ex</i> +
<i>curare</i> to take care. Cf. <u>Cure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To rub hard with something rough, as sand or Bristol brick,
especially for the purpose of cleaning; to clean by friction; to make
clean or bright; to cleanse from grease, dirt, etc., as articles of
dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To purge; as, to <i>scour</i> a
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remove by rubbing or cleansing; to sweep
along or off; to carry away or remove, as by a current of water; --
often with <i>off</i> or <i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I will] stain my favors in a bloody mask,<BR>
Which, washed away, shall <i>scour</i> my shame with it.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Perhaps a different word; cf. OF.
<i>escorre</i>, <i>escourre</i>, It. <i>scorrere</i>, both fr. L.
<i>excurrere</i> to run forth. Cf. <u>Excursion</u>.] <def>To pass
swiftly over; to brush along; to traverse or search thoroughly; as, to
<i>scour</i> the coast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not so when swift Camilla <i>scours</i> the
plain.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scouring barrel</b></col>, <cd>a tumbling barrel. See under
<u>Tumbling</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scouring cinder</b></col>
<i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a basic slag, which attacks the lining of a shaft
furnace.</cd> <i>Raymond.</i> -- <col><b>Scouring rush</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Dutch rush</i>, under <u>Dutch</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Scouring stock</b></col> <i>(Woolen Manuf.)</i>, <cd>a kind of
fulling mill.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scour</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
clean anything by rubbing.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cleanse anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Warm water is softer than cold, for it <i>scoureth</i>
better.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be purged freely; to have a
diarrh&oelig;a.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To run swiftly; to rove or range in pursuit
or search of something; to scamper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So four fierce coursers, starting to the race,<BR>
<i>Scour</i> through the plain, and lengthen every pace.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scour</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Diarrh&oelig;a or
dysentery among cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scour"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Refuse water
after scouring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scour"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, scours.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rover or footpad; a prowling
robber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In those days of highwaymen and
<i>scourers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scourge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>escourg&eacute;e</i>, fr. L. <i>excoriata</i> (sc. <i>scutica</i>)
a stripped off (lash or whip), fr. <i>excoriare</i> to strip, to skin.
See <u>Excoriate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lash; a strap or
cord; especially, a lash used to inflict pain or punishment; an
instrument of punishment or discipline; a whip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Up to coach then goes<BR>
The observed maid, takes both the <i>scourge</i> and
reins.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a means of inflicting punishment,
vengeance, or suffering; an infliction of affliction; a
punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sharp <i>scourges</i> of adversity.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>scourge</i> for perjury<BR>
Can this dark monarchy afford false Clarence?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scourge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scourged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scourging</u> (?).] [From <u>Scourge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf.
OF. <i>escorgier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To whip severely; to
lash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it lawful for you to <i>scourge</i> a . . .
Roman?</blockquote> <i>Acts xxii. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To punish with severity; to chastise; to
afflict, as for sins or faults, and with the purpose of
correction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, and
<i>scourgeth</i> every son whom he receiveth.</blockquote> <i>Heb.
xii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To harass or afflict severely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>scourge</i> and impoverish the
people.</blockquote> <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scour"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who scourges
or punishes; one who afflicts severely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The West must own the <i>scourger</i> of the
world.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scourse</hw> (sk&omacr;rs), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scorse</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scouse</hw> (skous), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
sailor's dish. Bread <i>scouse</i> contains no meat; lob<i>scouse</i>
contains meat, etc. See <u>Lobscouse</u>.</def> <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scout</hw> (skout), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>sk&umacr;ta</i> a small craft or cutter.] <def>A swift sailing
boat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So we took a <i>scout</i>, very much pleased with the
manner and conversation of the passengers.</blockquote>
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sk&umacr;ta</i> to
jut out. Cf. <u>Scout</u> to reject.] <def>A projecting rock.</def>
[Prov. Eng.] <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1291 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scout</hw> (skout), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>sk&umacr;ta</i> a taunt; cf. Icel. <i>sk&umacr;ta</i> to jut out,
<i>skota</i> to shove, <i>skj&omacr;ta</i> to shoot, to shove. See
<u>Shoot</u>.] <def>To reject with contempt, as something absurd; to
treat with ridicule; to flout; as, to <i>scout</i> an idea or an
apology.</def> "Flout 'em and <i>scout</i> 'em." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escoute</i> scout,
spy, fr. <i>escouter</i>, <i>escolter</i>, to listen, to hear, F.
<i>&eacute;couter</i>, fr. L. <i>auscultare</i>, to hear with
attention, to listen to. See <u>Auscultation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person sent out to gain and bring in tidings; especially, one
employed in war to gain information of the movements and condition of
an enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scouts</i> each coast light-arm&egrave;d scour,<BR>
Each quarter, to descry the distant foe.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A college student's or undergraduate's
servant; -- so called in Oxford, England; at Cambridge called a
<i>gyp</i>; and at Dublin, a <i>skip</i>.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A fielder in a game for
practice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of scouting or
reconnoitering.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>While the rat is on the <i>scout</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Scout</u>, <u>Spy</u>. -- In a military sense a
<i>scout</i> is a soldier who does duty in his proper uniform, however
hazardous his adventure. A <i>spy</i> is one who in disguise
penetrates the enemies' lines, or lurks near them, to obtain
information.</p>

<p><hw>Scout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scouted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scouting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To observe, watch, or look
for, as a scout; to follow for the purpose of observation, as a
scout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take more men,<BR>
And <i>scout</i> him round.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass over or through, as a scout; to
reconnoiter; as, to <i>scout</i> a country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scout</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go on the business
of scouting, or watching the motions of an enemy; to act as a
scout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With obscure wing<BR>
<i>Scout</i> far and wide into the realm of night.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scov"el</hw> (sk&ubreve;v"'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escouve</i>, <i>escouvette</i>, broom, L. <i>scopae</i>, or cf. W.
<i>ysgubell</i>, dim. of <i>ysgub</i> a broom.] <def>A mop for
sweeping ovens; a malkin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scow</hw> (skou), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>schouw</i>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A large flat-bottomed boat, having broad, square
ends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To transport in a
scow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scowl</hw> (skoul), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scowled</u> (skould); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scowling</u>.] [Akin to Dan. <i>skule</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>skolla</i> to skulk, LG. <i>schulen</i> to hide one's self, D.
<i>schuilen</i>, G. <i>schielen</i> to squint, Dan. <i>skele</i>, Sw.
<i>skela</i>, AS. <i>sceolh</i> squinting. Cf. <u>Skulk</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wrinkle the brows, as in frowning or
displeasure; to put on a frowning look; to look sour, sullen, severe,
or angry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>scowled</i> and frowned with froward
countenance.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to look gloomy, dark, or
threatening; to lower.</def> "The <i>scowling</i> heavens."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scowl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
look at or repel with a scowl or a frown.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express by a scowl; as, to <i>scowl</i>
defiance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scowl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
wrinkling of the brows or face in frowing; the expression of
displeasure, sullenness, or discontent in the countenance; an angry
frown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With solemn phiz, and critic <i>scowl</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Lloyd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, gloom; dark or threatening
aspect.</def> <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A ruddy storm, whose <i>scowl</i><BR>
Made heaven's radiant face look foul.</blockquote> <i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scowl"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scowling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrab"bed eggs`</hw> (?). [CF. <u>Scramble</u>.] <def>A Lenten
dish, composed of eggs boiled hard, chopped, and seasoned with butter,
salt, and pepper.</def> <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrab"ble</hw> (skr&abreve;b"b'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scrabbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Scrabbling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>scrape</i>. Cf.
<u>Scramble</u>, <u>Scrawl</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scrape, paw, or scratch with the hands; to
proceed by clawing with the hands and feet; to scramble; as, to
<i>scrabble</i> up a cliff or a tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now after a while Little-faith came to himself, and
getting up made shift to <i>scrabble</i> on his way.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make irregular, crooked, or unmeaning
marks; to scribble; to scrawl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>David . . . <i>scrabbled</i> on the doors of the
gate.</blockquote> <i>1. Sam. xxi. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark with
irregular lines or letters; to scribble; as, to <i>scrabble</i>
paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
scrabbling; a moving upon the hands and knees; a scramble; also, a
scribble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scra"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scrabble</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The Manx
shearwater.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The black
guillemot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scraf"fle</hw> (skr&abreve;f"f'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Scramble</u>: cf. OD. <i>schraeffelen</i> to scrape.] <def>To
scramble or struggle; to wrangle; also, to be industrious.</def>
[Prov. Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrag</hw> (skr&abreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. Sw.
<i>skraka</i> a great dry tree, a long, lean man, Gael.
<i>sgreagach</i> dry, shriveled, rocky. See <u>Shrink</u>, and cf.
<u>Scrog</u>, <u>Shrag</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something thin, lean, or rough; a bony piece; especially, a bony
neckpiece of meat; hence, humorously or in contempt, the
neck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lady MacScrew, who . . . serves up a <i>scrag</i> of
mutton on silver.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rawboned person.</def> [Low]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A ragged, stunted tree or branch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scrag whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a North
Atlantic whalebone whale (<i>Agaphelus gibbosus</i>). By some it is
considered the young of the right whale.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"ged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rough with irregular points, or a broken surface; scraggy; as, a
<i>scragged</i> backbone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lean and rough; scraggy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"ged*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being scragged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"gi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scraggy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"gi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being scraggy; scraggedness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scragger</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scraggiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rough with irregular points; scragged.</def> "A <i>scraggy</i>
rock." <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lean and rough; scragged.</def> "His
sinewy, <i>scraggy</i> neck." <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scraggy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrag"-necked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
scraggy neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scram"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scrambled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scrambling</u> (?).] [Freq. of Prov. E. <i>scramb</i> to rake
together with the hands, or of <i>scramp</i> to snatch at. cf.
<u>Scrabble</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To clamber with hands and
knees; to scrabble; as, to <i>scramble</i> up a cliff; to
<i>scramble</i> over the rocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To struggle eagerly with others for
something thrown upon the ground; to go down upon all fours to seize
something; to catch rudely at what is desired.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of other care they little reckoning make,<BR>
Than how to <i>scramble</i> at the shearer's feast.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scram"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To collect by scrambling; as, to <i>scramble</i> up wealth.</def>
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prepare (eggs) as a dish for the table,
by stirring the yolks and whites together while cooking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scram"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of scrambling, climbing on all fours, or
clambering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of jostling and pushing for
something desired; eager and unceremonious struggle for what is thrown
or held out; as, a <i>scramble</i> for office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scarcity [of money] enhances its price, and increases
the <i>scramble</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scram"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who scrambles; one who climbs on all fours.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A greedy and unceremonious
contestant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scram"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Confused and
irregular; awkward; scambling.</def> -- <wf>Scram"bling*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>A huge old <i>scrambling</i> bedroom.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scranch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scranched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scranching</u>.] [Cf. D. <i>schransen</i> to eat greedily, G.
<i>schranzen</i>. Cf. <u>Crunch</u>, <u>Scrunch</u>.] <def>To grind
with the teeth, and with a crackling sound; to craunch.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrank"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thin; lean.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Scran"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scrawny</u>.]
<def>Slight; thin; lean; poor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grate on their <i>scrannel</i> pipes of wretched
straw.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scran"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Scrannel</u>.]
<def>Thin; lean; meager; scrawny; scrannel.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrap</hw> (skr&abreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>scrappe</i>, fr. Icel. <i>skrap</i> trifle, cracking. See
<u>Scrape</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something scraped off; hence, a small piece; a bit; a fragment; a
detached, incomplete portion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have no materials -- not a <i>scrap</i>.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a fragment of something
written or printed; a brief excerpt; an unconnected extract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The crisp substance that remains
after drying out animal fat; as, pork <i>scraps</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Same as <i>Scrap iron</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scrap forgings</b></col>, <cd>forgings made from wrought
iron scrap.</cd> -- <col><b>Scrap iron</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Cuttings and waste pieces of wrought iron from which bar iron or
forgings can be made; -- called also <i>wrought-iron scrap</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Fragments of cast iron or defective castings
suitable for remelting in the foundry; -- called also <i>foundry
scrap</i>, or <i>cast scrap</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrap"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blank book in
which extracts cut from books and papers may be pasted and
kept.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrape</hw> (skr&amacr;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scraped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Scraping</u>.] [Icel. <i>skrapa</i>; akin to Sw.
<i>skrapa</i>, Dan. <i>skrabe</i>, D. <i>schrapen</i>,
<i>schrabben</i>, G. <i>schrappen</i>, and prob. to E. <i>sharp</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub over the surface of (something) with a
sharp or rough instrument; to rub over with something that roughens by
removing portions of the surface; to grate harshly over; to abrade; to
make even, or bring to a required condition or form, by moving the
sharp edge of an instrument breadthwise over the surface with
pressure, cutting away excesses and superfluous parts; to make smooth
or clean; as, to <i>scrape</i> a bone with a knife; to <i>scrape</i> a
metal plate to an even surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove by rubbing or scraping (in the
sense above).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will also <i>scrape</i> her dust from her, and make
her like the top of a rock.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxvi. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To collect by, or as by, a process of
scraping; to gather in small portions by laborious effort; hence, to
acquire avariciously and save penuriously; -- often followed by
<i>together</i> or <i>up</i>; as, to <i>scrape</i> money
together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The prelatical party complained that, to swell a number
the nonconformists did not choose, but <i>scrape</i>,
subscribers.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To express disapprobation of, as a play, or
to silence, as a speaker, by drawing the feet back and forth upon the
floor; -- usually with <i>down</i>.</def> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To scrape acquaintance</b></col>, <cd>to seek acquaintance
otherwise than by an introduction.</cd> <i>Farquhar.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He tried to <i>scrape acquaintance</i> with her, but
failed ignominiously.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrape</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
rub over the surface of anything with something which roughens or
removes it, or which smooths or cleans it; to rub harshly and noisily
along.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To occupy one's self with getting
laboriously; as, he <i>scraped</i> and saved until he became
rich.</def> "[Spend] their <i>scraping</i> fathers' gold."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To play awkwardly and inharmoniously on a
violin or like instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To draw back the right foot along the
ground or floor when making a bow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrape</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of scraping; also, the effect of scraping, as a scratch, or a
harsh sound; as, a noisy <i>scrape</i> on the floor; a <i>scrape</i>
of a pen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A drawing back of the right foot when
bowing; also, a bow made with that accompaniment.</def> <i>H.
Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A disagreeable and embarrassing predicament
out of which one can not get without undergoing, as it were, a painful
rubbing or scraping; a perplexity; a difficulty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The too eager pursuit of this his old enemy through
thick and thin has led him into many of these
<i>scrapes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrape"pen`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
gathers and hoards money in trifling sums; a miser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrap"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument with which anything is scraped.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument by which the soles of shoes are
cleaned from mud and the like, by drawing them across it.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument drawn by oxen or horses, used
for scraping up earth in making or repairing roads, digging cellars,
canals etc.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An
instrument having two or three sharp sides or edges, for cleaning the
planks, masts, or decks of a ship.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<i>(Lithography)</i> <def>In the printing press, a board, or blade,
the edge of which is made to rub over the tympan sheet and thus
produce the impression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who scrapes.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who plays awkwardly on a violin.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who acquires avariciously and saves
penuriously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrap"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of scraping; the act or process of making even, or
reducing to the proper form, by means of a scraper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something scraped off; that which is
separated from a substance, or is collected by scraping; as, the
<i>scraping</i> of the street.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrap"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling the act
of, or the effect produced by, one who, or that which, scrapes; as, a
<i>scraping</i> noise; a <i>scraping</i> miser.</def> --
<wf>Scrap"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scrap"pi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scrappy
manner; in scraps.</def> <i>Mary Cowden Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
scraps; fragmentary; lacking unity or consistency; as, a
<i>scrappy</i> lecture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dreadfully <i>scrappy</i> dinner.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scratten</i>.
Cf. <u>Scratch</u>.] <def>To scratch.</def> [Obs.] <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rake; to
search.</def> [Obs.] <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>scritta</i> an
hermaphrodite, Ir. <i>scrut</i> a scrub, a low, mean person, Gael.
<i>sgrut</i>, <i>sgruit</i>, an old, shriveled person.] <def>An
hermaphrodite.</def> [Obs.] <i>Skinner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scratch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scratched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scratching</u>.] [OE. <i>cracchen</i> (perhaps influenced by OE.
<i>scratten</i> to scratch); cf. OHG. <i>chrazz&omacr;n</i>, G.
<i>kratzen</i>, OD. <i>kratsen</i>, <i>kretsen</i>, D. <i>krassen</i>,
Sw. <i>kratsa</i> to scrape, <i>kratta</i> to rake, to scratch, Dan.
<i>kradse</i> to scratch, to scrape, Icel. <i>krota</i> to engrave.
Cf. <u>Grate</u> to rub.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub and tear or
mark the surface of with something sharp or ragged; to scrape,
roughen, or wound slightly by drawing something pointed or rough
across, as the claws, the nails, a pin, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Small sand-colored stones, so hard as to <i>scratch</i>
glass.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be mindful, when invention fails,<BR>
To <i>scratch</i> your head, and bite your nails.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To write or draw hastily or
awkwardly.</def> "<i>Scratch</i> out a pamphlet." <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cancel by drawing one or more lines
through, as the name of a candidate upon a ballot, or of a horse in a
list; hence, to erase; to efface; -- often with <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dig or excavate with the claws; as, some
animals <i>scratch</i> holes, in which they burrow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To scratch a ticket</b></col>, <cd>to cancel one or more
names of candidates on a party ballot; to refuse to vote the party
ticket in its entirety.</cd> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scratch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To use the claws or nails in tearing or in digging; to make
scratches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dull, tame things, . . . that will neither bite nor
<i>scratch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>To score, not by
skillful play but by some fortunate chance of the game.</def> [Cant,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scratch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
break in the surface of a thing made by scratching, or by rubbing with
anything pointed or rough; a slight wound, mark, furrow, or
incision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The coarse file . . . makes deep <i>scratches</i> in
the work.</blockquote> <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These nails with <i>scratches</i> deform my
breast.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God forbid a shallow <i>scratch</i> should drive<BR>
The prince of Wales from such a field as this.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pugilistic Matches)</i> <def>A line across
the prize ring; up to which boxers are brought when they join fight;
hence, test, trial, or proof of courage; as, to bring to the
<i>scratch</i>; to come up to the <i>scratch</i>.</def> [Cant]
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>Minute, but tender
and troublesome, excoriations, covered with scabs, upon the heels of
horses which have been used where it is very wet or muddy.</def>
<i>Law (Farmer's Veter. Adviser).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kind of wig covering only a portion of
the head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>A shot which scores by
chance and not as intended by the player; a fluke.</def> [Cant, U.
S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Scratch cradle</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Cratch cradle</i>,
under <u>Cratch</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scratch grass</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a climbing knotweed (<i>Polygonum sagittatum</i>)
with a square stem beset with fine recurved prickles along the
angles.</cd> -- <col><b>Scratch wig</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<u>Scratch</u>, 4, above.</cd> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scratch</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made, done, or
happening by chance; arranged with little or no preparation;
determined by circumstances; haphazard; as, a <i>scratch</i> team; a
<i>scratch</i> crew for a boat race; a <i>scratch</i> shot in
billiards.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Scratch race</b></col>, <cd>one without restrictions
regarding the entrance of competitors; also, one for which the
competitors are chosen by lot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scratch"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A toy which
imitates the sound of tearing cloth, -- used by drawing it across the
back of unsuspecting persons.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scratch"brush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stiff wire
brush for cleaning iron castings and other metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scratch" coat`</hw> (?). <def>The first coat in plastering; --
called also <i>scratchwork</i>. See <u>Pricking-up</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scratch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, scratches; specifically <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, any rasorial
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scratch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With the action
of scratching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scratch"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Cleavers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scratch"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scratch coat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scratch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
scratches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scraw</hw> (skr&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>scrath</i>
a turf, <i>sgraith</i> a turf, green sod; akin to Gael. <i>sgrath</i>,
<i>sgroth</i>, the outer skin of anything, a turf, a green sod.]
<def>A turf.</def> [Obs.] <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Crawl</u>.</def> [Obs.] <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrawl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scrawled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scrawling</u>.] [Probably corrupted from <i>scrabble</i>.] <def>To
draw or mark awkwardly and irregularly; to write hastily and
carelessly; to scratch; to scribble; as, to <i>scrawl</i> a
letter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His name, <i>scrawled</i> by himself.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrawl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To write unskillfully
and inelegantly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though with a golden pen you
<i>scrawl</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1292 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scrawl</hw> (skr&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unskillful
or inelegant writing; that which is unskillfully or inelegantly
written.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The left hand will make such a <i>scrawl</i>, that it
will not be legible.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You bid me write no more than a <i>scrawl</i> to
you.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrawl"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scrawls; a hasty, awkward writer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scraw"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scrannel</u>.]
<def>Meager; thin; rawboned; bony; scranny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scray</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W.
<i>ysgr&auml;en</i>, <i>ysgr&auml;ell</i>, a sea swallow, Armor.
<i>skrav</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tern; the sea swallow.</def>
[Prov. Eng.] [Written also <i>scraye</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Scre"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>screare</i> to
hawk, spit out.] <def>Capable of being spit out.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Screak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Screaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Screaking</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>skr&aelig;kja</i> to screech. Cf.
<u>Creak</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Screech</u>.] <def>To utter
suddenly a sharp, shrill sound; to screech; to creak, as a door or
wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A creaking; a screech; a
shriek.</def> <i>Bp. Bull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scream</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Screamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Screaming</u>.] [Icel. <i>skr&aelig;ma</i> to scare, terrify; akin
to Sw. <i>skr&auml;ma</i>, Dan. <i>skr&aelig;mme</i>. Cf.
<u>Screech</u>.] <def>To cry out with a shrill voice; to utter a
sudden, sharp outcry, or shrill, loud cry, as in fright or extreme
pain; to shriek; to screech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I heard the owl <i>scream</i> and the crickets
cry.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>scream</i> thyself as none e'er <i>screamed</i>
before.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scream</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp, shrill cry,
uttered suddenly, as in terror or in pain; a shriek; a screech.</def>
"<i>Screams</i> of horror." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scream"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of three species of South American birds constituting the
family <i>Anhimid&aelig;</i>, and the suborder <i>Palamede&aelig;</i>.
They have two spines on each wing, and the head is either crested or
horned. They are easily tamed, and then serve as guardians for other
poultry. The crested screamers, or chajas, belong to the genus
<i>Chauna</i>. The horned screamer, or kamichi, is <i>Palamedea
cornuta</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scream"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Uttering screams; shrieking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the nature of a scream; like a
scream; shrill; sharp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fearful matrons raise a <i>screaming</i>
cry.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scree</hw> (skr&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pebble; a
stone; also, a heap of stones or rocky d&eacute;bris.</def> [Prov.
Eng.] <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Screech</hw> (skr&emacr;ch), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Screeched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Screeching</u>.] [Also formerly, <i>scritch</i>,
OE. <i>skriken</i>, <i>skrichen</i>, <i>schriken</i>, of Scand.
origin; cf. Icel. <i>skr&aelig;kja</i> to shriek, to screech,
<i>skr&imacr;kja</i> to titter, Sw. <i>skrika</i> to shriek, Dan.
<i>skrige</i>; also Gael. <i>sgreach</i>, <i>sgreuch</i>, W.
<i>ysgrechio</i>, Skr. <i>kharj</i> to creak. Cf. <u>Shriek</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Scream</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To
utter a harsh, shrill cry; to make a sharp outcry, as in terror or
acute pain; to scream; to shriek.</def> "The screech owl,
<i>screeching</i> loud." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Screech</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A harsh, shrill cry, as
of one in acute pain or in fright; a shriek; a scream.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Screech bird</b></col>, or <col><b>Screech thrush</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the fieldfare; -- so called from its harsh
cry before rain.</cd> -- <col><b>Screech rain</b></col>.<cd></cd> --
<col><b>Screech hawk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European
goatsucker; -- so called from its note.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Screech owl</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A small American owl (<i>Scops asio</i>), either gray or reddish
in color</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The European barn owl. The name
is applied also to other species.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Screech"ers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The picarian birds, as distinguished from the
singing birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screech"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a screech;
shrill and harsh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screed</hw> (skr&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E., a
shred, the border of a cap. See <u>Shred</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A strip of plaster of the
thickness proposed for the coat, applied to the wall at intervals of
four or five feet, as a guide.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A wooden
straightedge used to lay across the plaster screed, as a limit for the
thickness of the coat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fragment; a portion; a shred.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Screed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Screed</u>. For
sense 2 cf. also Gael. <i>sgread</i> an outcry.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A breach or rent; a breaking forth into a loud, shrill sound; as,
martial <i>screeds</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An harangue; a long tirade on any
subject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The old carl gae them a <i>screed</i> of doctrine; ye
might have heard him a mile down the wind.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Screen</hw> (skr&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>scren</i>, OF. <i>escrein</i>, <i>escran</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;cran</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. G. <i>schirm</i> a
screen, OHG. <i>scirm</i>, <i>scerm</i> a protection, shield, or G.
<i>schragen</i> a trestle, a stack of wood, or G. <i>schranne</i> a
railing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything that separates or cuts off
inconvenience, injury, or danger; that which shelters or conceals from
view; a shield or protection; as, a fire <i>screen</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your leavy <i>screens</i> throw down.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some ambitious men seem as <i>screens</i> to princes in
matters of danger and envy.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A dwarf wall or partition
carried up to a certain height for separation and protection, as in a
church, to separate the aisle from the choir, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A surface, as that afforded by a curtain,
sheet, wall, etc., upon which an image, as a picture, is thrown by a
magic lantern, solar microscope, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A long, coarse riddle or sieve, sometimes a
revolving perforated cylinder, used to separate the coarser from the
finer parts, as of coal, sand, gravel, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screen</hw> (skr&emacr;n), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Screened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Screening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To provide
with a shelter or means of concealment; to separate or cut off from
inconvenience, injury, or danger; to shelter; to protect; to protect
by hiding; to conceal; as, fruits <i>screened</i> from cold winds by a
forest or hill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were encouraged and <i>screened</i> by some who
were in high commands.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass, as coal, gravel, ashes, etc.,
through a screen in order to separate the coarse from the fine, or the
worthless from the valuable; to sift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screen"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The refuse
left after screening sand, coal, ashes, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screw</hw> (skr&udd;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scrue</i>,
OF. <i>escroue</i>, <i>escroe</i>, female screw, F.
<i>&eacute;crou</i>, L. <i>scrobis</i> a ditch, trench, in LL., the
hole made by swine in rooting; cf. D. <i>schroef</i> a screw, G.
<i>schraube</i>, Icel. <i>skr&umacr;fa</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
cylinder, or a cylindrical perforation, having a continuous rib,
called the <i>thread</i>, winding round it spirally at a constant
inclination, so as to leave a continuous spiral groove between one
turn and the next, -- used chiefly for producing, when revolved,
motion or pressure in the direction of its axis, by the sliding of the
threads of the cylinder in the grooves between the threads of the
perforation adapted to it, the former being distinguished as the
<i>external</i>, or <i>male screw</i>, or, more usually the
<i>screw</i>; the latter as the <i>internal</i>, or <i>female
screw</i>, or, more usually, the <i>nut</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The screw, as a mechanical power, is a modification of the
inclined plane, and may be regarded as a right-angled triangle wrapped
round a cylinder, the hypotenuse of the marking the spiral thread of
the screw, its base equaling the circumference of the cylinder, and
its height the <i>pitch</i> of the thread.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a kind of nail with a spiral
thread and a head with a nick to receive the end of the screw-driver.
Screws are much used to hold together pieces of wood or to fasten
something; -- called also <i>wood screws</i>, and <i>screw nails</i>.
See also <i>Screw bolt</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything shaped or acting like a screw;
esp., a form of wheel for propelling steam vessels. It is placed at
the stern, and furnished with blades having helicoidal surfaces to act
against the water in the manner of a screw. See <i>Screw
propeller</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A steam vesel propelled by a screw instead
of wheels; a screw steamer; a propeller.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An extortioner; a sharp bargainer; a
skinflint; a niggard.</def> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An instructor who examines with great or
unnecessary severity; also, a searching or strict examination of a
student by an instructor.</def> [Cant, American Colleges]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A small packet of tobacco.</def> [Slang]
<i>Mayhew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>An unsound or worn-out horse, useful as a
hack, and commonly of good appearance.</def> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A straight line in space
with which a definite linear magnitude termed the <i>pitch</i> is
associated (cf. 5th <u>Pitch</u>, 10 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>). It is used
to express the displacement of a rigid body, which may always be made
to consist of a rotation about an axis combined with a translation
parallel to that axis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An amphipod
crustacean; as, the skeleton <i>screw</i> (<i>Caprella</i>). See
<i>Sand screw</i>, under <u>Sand</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Archimedes screw</b></col>, <col><b>Compound
screw</b></col>, <col><b>Foot screw</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under
<u>Archimedes</u>, <u>Compound</u>, <u>Foot</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>A screw loose</b></col>, <cd>something out of order, so that
work is not done smoothly; as, there is <i>a screw loose</i>
somewhere.</cd> <i>H. Martineau.</i> -- <col><b>Endless, or
perpetual,</b></col> <col><b>screw</b></col>, <cd>a screw used to give
motion to a toothed wheel by the action of its threads between the
teeth of the wheel; -- called also a <i>worm</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lag
screw</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Lag</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Micrometer
screw</b></col>, <cd>a screw with fine threads, used for the
measurement of very small spaces.</cd> -- <col><b>Right and left
screw</b></col>, <cd>a screw having threads upon the opposite ends
which wind in opposite directions.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw
alley</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Shaft alley</u>, under <u>Shaft</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Screw bean</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The curious spirally coiled pod of a leguminous tree (<i>Prosopis
pubescens</i>) growing from Texas to California. It is used for
fodder, and ground into meal by the Indians.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The tree itself. Its heavy hard wood is used for fuel, for
fencing, and for railroad ties.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw bolt</b></col>,
<cd>a bolt having a screw thread on its shank, in distinction from a
<i>key bolt</i>. See 1st <u>Bolt</u>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw
box</b></col>, <cd>a device, resembling a die, for cutting the thread
on a wooden screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw dock</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Dock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw engine</b></col>, <cd>a marine
engine for driving a screw propeller.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw
gear</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Spiral gear</i>, under <u>Spiral</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Screw jack</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Jackscrew</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Screw key</b></col>, <cd>a wrench for turning a screw or nut;
a spanner wrench.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw machine</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One of a series of machines employed in the
manufacture of wood screws.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A machine
tool resembling a lathe, having a number of cutting tools that can be
caused to act on the work successively, for making screws and other
turned pieces from metal rods.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw pine</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the endogenous genus <i>Pandanus</i>,
of which there are about fifty species, natives of tropical lands from
Africa to Polynesia; -- named from the spiral arrangement of the
pineapple-like leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw plate</b></col>, <cd>a
device for cutting threads on small screws, consisting of a thin steel
plate having a series of perforations with internal screws forming
dies.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw press</b></col>, <cd>a press in which
pressure is exerted by means of a screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw
propeller</b></col>, <cd>a screw or spiral bladed wheel, used in the
propulsion of steam vessels; also, a steam vessel propelled by a
screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a long, slender, spiral gastropod shell, especially of the genus
Turritella and allied genera. See <u>Turritella</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Screw steamer</b></col>, <cd>a steamship propelled by a
screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw thread</b></col>, <cd>the spiral rib
which forms a screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw stone</b></col>
<i>(Paleon.)</i>, <cd>the fossil stem of an encrinite.</cd> --
<col><b>Screw tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the genus
<i>Helicteres</i>, consisting of about thirty species of tropical
shrubs, with simple leaves and spirally twisted, five-celled capsules;
-- also called <i>twisted-horn</i>, and <i>twisty</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Screw valve</b></col>, <cd>a stop valve which is opened or
closed by a screw.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of an American fly (<i>Compsomyia
macellaria</i>), allied to the blowflies, which sometimes deposits its
eggs in the nostrils, or about wounds, in man and other animals, with
fatal results.</cd> -- <col><b>Screw wrench</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A wrench for turning a screw.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A wrench with an adjustable jaw that is moved
by a screw.</cd> -- <col><b>To put the</b></col> <col><b>screw, or
screws</b></col>, <col><b>on</b></col>, <cd>to use pressure upon, as
for the purpose of extortion; to coerce.</cd> -- <col><b>To put under
the</b></col> <col><b>screw or screws</b></col>, <cd>to subject to
pressure; to force.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood screw</b></col>, <cd>a metal
screw with a sharp thread of coarse pitch, adapted to holding fast in
wood. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Wood screw</i>, under
<u>Wood</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Screw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Screwed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Screwing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn, as a screw; to
apply a screw to; to press, fasten, or make firm, by means of a screw
or screws; as, to <i>screw</i> a lock on a door; to <i>screw</i> a
press.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To force; to squeeze; to press, as by
screws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>screw</i> your courage to the sticking
place,<BR>
And we'll not fail.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: To practice extortion upon; to
oppress by unreasonable or extortionate exactions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our country landlords, by unmeasurable <i>screwing</i>
and racking their tenants, have already reduced the miserable people
to a worse condition than the peasants in France.</blockquote>
<i>swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To twist; to distort; as, to <i>screw</i>
his visage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He screwed his face into a hardened smile.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To examine rigidly, as a student; to
subject to a severe examination.</def> [Cant, American Colleges]</p>

<p><col><b>To screw out</b></col>, <cd>to press out; to extort.</cd> -
- <col><b>To screw up</b></col>, <cd>to force; to bring by violent
pressure.</cd> <i>Howell.</i> -- <col><b>To screw in</b></col>, <cd>to
force in by turning or twisting.</cd> </p>

<p><hw>Screw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
use violent mans in making exactions; to be oppressive or
exacting.</def> <i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn one's self uneasily with a twisting
motion; as, he <i>screws</i> about in his chair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screw"-cut`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted for
forming a screw by cutting; as, a <i>screw-cutting</i>
lathe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screw"-driv`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tool for
turning screws so as to drive them into their place. It has a thin end
which enters the nick in the head of the screw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screw"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, screws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Screw"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Screw</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Screwing machine</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Screw machine</i>,
under <u>Screw</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Scribe</u>.]
<def>Capable of being written, or of being written upon.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Scri*ba"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Scribe</u>.] <def>Skillful in, or fond of, writing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A painter's
pencil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Scrabble</u>.] <i>(Woolen Manuf.)</i> <def>To card coarsely; to run
through the scribbling machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scribbled</u> (-b'ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scribbling</u> (-bl&ibreve;ng).] [From <u>Scribe</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To write hastily or carelessly, without regard
to correctness or elegance; as, to <i>scribble</i> a letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill or cover with careless or worthless
writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To write without
care, elegance, or value; to scrawl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If M&aelig;vius <i>scribble</i> in Apollo's
spite.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hasty or careless
writing; a writing of little value; a scrawl; as, a hasty
<i>scribble</i>.</def> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither did I but vacant seasons spend<BR>
In this my <i>scribble</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"ble*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
scribble.</def> [R.] <i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scribbles; a petty author; a writer of no reputation; a literary
hack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scribbler</i>, pinched with hunger, writes to
dine.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bler</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scribbling
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Scribble</u>.] <def>The act or process of carding
coarsely.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scribbling machine</b></col>, <cd>the machine used for the
first carding of wool or other fiber; -- called also
<i>scribbler</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Writing hastily or
poorly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye newspaper witlings! ye pert <i>scribbling</i>
folks!</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of writing
hastily or idly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"bling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scribbling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scribe</hw> (skr&imacr;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scriba</i>, fr. <i>scribere</i> to write; cf. Gr.
<grk>ska`rifos</grk> a splinter, pencil, style (for writing), E.
<i>scarify</i>. Cf. <u>Ascribe</u>, <u>Describe</u>, <u>Script</u>,
<u>Scrivener</u>, <u>Scrutoire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
writes; a draughtsman; a writer for another; especially, an offical or
public writer; an amanuensis or secretary; a notary; a
copyist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Hist.)</i> <def>A writer and doctor
of the law; one skilled in the law and traditions; one who read and
explained the law to the people.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1293 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scribe</hw> (skr&imacr;b), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scribed</u> (skr&imacr;bd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Scribing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To write, engrave, or mark upon; to inscribe.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>To cut (anything) in such a
way as to fit closely to a somewhat irregular surface, as a baseboard
to a floor which is out of level, a board to the curves of a molding,
or the like; -- so called because the workman marks, or
<i>scribes</i>, with the compasses the line that he afterwards
cuts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To score or mark with compasses or a
scribing iron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scribing iron</b></col>, <cd>an iron-pointed instrument for
scribing, or marking, casks and logs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scribe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
mark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With the separated points of a pair of spring dividers
<i>scribe</i> around the edge of the templet.</blockquote> <i>A. M.
Mayer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp-pointed
tool, used by joiners for drawing lines on stuff; a marking
awl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrib"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character and
opinions of a Jewish scribe in the time of Christ.</def> <i>F. W.
Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A screed; a shred; a
fragment.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
wriggle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
kind of light cotton or linen fabric, often woven in openwork
patterns, -- used for curtains, etc,; -- called also <i>India
scrim</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Thin canvas glued on the inside
of panels to prevent shrinking, checking, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scri"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>escrimeur</i>.
See <u>Skirmish</u>.] <def>A fencing master.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrim"mage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>skirmish</i>. "Sore <i>scrymmishe</i>." <i>Ld. Berners.</i>]
[Written also <i>scrummage</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, a
skirmish; now, a general row or confused fight or struggle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Football)</i> <def>The struggle in the rush
lines after the ball is put in play.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrimp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scrimped</u> (?; 215); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scrimping</u>.] [Cf. Dan. <i>skrumpe</i>, G.
<i>schrumpfen</i>, D. <i>krimpen</i>. Cf. <u>Shrimp</u>,
<u>Shrink</u>.] <def>To make too small or short; to limit or straiten;
to put on short allowance; to scant; to contract; to shorten; as, to
<i>scrimp</i> the pattern of a coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrimp</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Short; scanty;
curtailed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrimp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pinching miser; a
niggard.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrimp"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Scrimp</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Scrimping bar</b></col>, <cd>a device used in connection
with a calico printing machine for stretching the fabric breadthwise
so that it may be smooth for printing.</cd> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrimp"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scrimping
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrimp"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
scrimp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrimp"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
portion; a pittance; a little bit.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrim"shaw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ornament,
as shells, ivory, etc., by engraving, and (usually) rubbing pigments
into the incised lines.</def> [Sailor's cant. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrim"shaw`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shell, a whale's
tooth, or the like, that is scrimshawed.</def> [Sailor's cant,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scrinium</i> a
case for books, letters, etc.: cf. OF. <i>escrin</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;crin</i>. See <u>Shrine</u>.] <def>A chest, bookcase, or
other place, where writings or curiosities are deposited; a
shrine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But laid them up in immortal
<i>scrine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scringe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scringed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scringing</u> (?).] [Cf. <u>Cringe</u>.] <def>To cringe.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scrippe</i>,
probably of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. &amp; OSw. <i>skreppa</i>, and also
LL. <i>scrippum</i>, OF. <i>esquerpe</i>, <i>escrepe</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;charpe</i> scarf. Cf. <u>Scrap</u>, <u>Scarf</u> a piece of
dress.] <def>A small bag; a wallet; a satchel.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And in requital ope his leathern
<i>scrip</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>script</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small writing, certificate, or schedule; a
piece of paper containing a writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Call them generally, man by man, according to the
<i>scrip</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bills of exchange can not pay our debts abroad, till
<i>scrips</i> of paper can be made current coin.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A preliminary certificate of a subscription
to the capital of a bank, railroad, or other company, or for a share
of other joint property, or a loan, stating the amount of the
subscription and the date of the payment of the installments; as,
insurance <i>scrip</i>, consol <i>scrip</i>, etc. When all the
installments are paid, the scrip is exchanged for a bond share
certificate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Paper fractional currency.</def>
[Colloq.U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrip"page</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The contents
of a scrip, or wallet.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Script</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>scrit</i>, L.
<i>scriptum</i> something written, fr. <i>scribere</i>,
<i>scriptum</i> to write: cf. OF. <i>escript</i>, <i>escrit</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;crit</i>. See <u>Scribe</u>, and cf. <u>Scrip</u> a
writing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A writing; a written document.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Type made in imitation of
handwriting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An original instrument or
document.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Written characters; style of
writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrip*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scriptoria</b></plw> (#). [LL. See <u>Scriptory</u>.] <def>In
an abbey or monastery, the room set apart for writing or copying
manuscripts; in general, a room devoted to writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Writing rooms, or <i>scriptoria</i>, where the chief
works of Latin literature . . . were copied and
illuminated.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scriptorius</i>, fr. <i>scribere</i>, <i>scriptum</i> to write.]
<def>Of or pertaining to writing; expressed in writing; used in
writing; as, <i>scriptory</i> wills; a <i>scriptory</i> reed.</def>
[R.] <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"tur*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contained
in the Scriptures; according to the Scriptures, or sacred oracles;
biblical; as, a <i>scriptural</i> doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"tur*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being scriptural; literal adherence to the
Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"tur*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
adheres literally to the Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"tur*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
scriptural manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"tur*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being scriptural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrip"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scriptura</i>, fr. <i>scribere</i>, <i>scriptum</i>, to write: cf.
OF. <i>escripture</i>, <i>escriture</i>, F. <i>&eacute;criture</i>.
See <u>Scribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything written; a
writing; a document; an inscription.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have put it in <i>scripture</i> and in
remembrance.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then the Lord of Manny read the <i>scripture</i> on the
tomb, the which was in Latin.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The books of the Old and the New Testament,
or of either of them; the Bible; -- used by way of eminence or
distinction, and chiefly in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is not any action a man ought to do, or to
forbear, but the <i>Scripture</i> will give him a clear precept or
prohibition for it.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Compared with the knowledge which the <i>Scriptures</i>
contain, every other subject of human inquiry is vanity.</blockquote>
<i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A passage from the Bible; a text.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The devil can cite <i>Scripture</i> for his
purpose.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hanging by the twined thread of one doubtful
<i>Scripture</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrip*tu"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Scripturist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrip"tur*ist</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
is strongly attached to, or versed in, the Scriptures, or who
endeavors to regulate his life by them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Puritan was a <i>Scripturist</i>, -- a
<i>Scripturist</i> with all his heart, if as yet with imperfect
intelligence . . . he cherished the scheme of looking to the Word of
God as his sole and universal directory.</blockquote>
<i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Script</u>.]
<def>Writing; document; scroll.</def> [Obs.] "Of every <i>scrit</i>
and bond." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scritch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A screech.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps it is the owlet's <i>scritch</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrive"ner</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From older
<i>scrivein</i>, OF. <i>escrivain</i>, F. <i>&eacute;crivain</i>, LL.
<i>scribanus</i>, from L. <i>scribere</i> to write. See
<u>Scribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A professional writer; one
whose occupation is to draw contracts or prepare writings.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The writer better <i>scrivener</i> than
clerk.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One whose business is to place money at
interest; a broker.</def> [Obs.] <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A writing master.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scrivener's palsy</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Writer's cramp</i>,
under <u>Writer</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Scro*bic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scrobicul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Scrobiculate</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the smooth areas surrounding the
tubercles of a sea urchin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scro*bic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or surrounding,
scrobicul&aelig;; as, <i>scrobicular</i> tubercles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scro*bic"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Scro*bic"u*la`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scrobiculus</i>, dim. of <i>scrobis</i> a
ditch or trench.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having numerous small, shallow
depressions or hollows; pitted.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scrod</hw> (?), <hw>Scrode</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A young codfish, especially when cut open on the back and
dressed.</def> [Written also <i>escrod</i>.] [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrod"dled ware`</hw> (?). <def>Mottled pottery made from
scraps of differently colored clays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrof"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scrofulae</i>,
fr. <i>scrofa</i> a breeding sow, because swine were supposed to be
subject to such a complaint, or by a fanciful comparison of the
glandular swellings to little pigs; perhaps akin to Gr. &?; an old
sow: cf. F. <i>scrofules</i>. Cf. <u>Scroyle</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A constitutional disease, generally hereditary, especially
manifested by chronic enlargement and cheesy degeneration of the
lymphatic glands, particularly those of the neck, and marked by a
tendency to the development of chronic intractable inflammations of
the skin, mucous membrane, bones, joints, and other parts, and by a
diminution in the power of resistance to disease or injury and the
capacity for recovery. Scrofula is now generally held to be
tuberculous in character, and may develop into general or local
tuberculosis (consumption).</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrof"u*lide</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Any affection of the skin dependent on scrofula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrof"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scrofuleux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to scrofula, or
partaking of its nature; as, <i>scrofulous</i> tumors; a
<i>scrofulous</i> habit of body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Diseased or affected with
scrofula.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scrofulous</i> persons can never be duly
nourished.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Scrof"u*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Scrof"u*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scrog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scrag</u>, or
Gael. <i>sgrogag</i> anything shriveled, from <i>sgrog</i> to
compress, shrivel.] <def>A stunted shrub, bush, or branch.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrog"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
scrog; also, twisted; stunted.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scroll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A dim. of OE.
<i>scroue</i>, <i>scrowe</i> (whence E. <i>escrow</i>), OF.
<i>escroe</i>, <i>escroue</i>, F. <i>&eacute;crou</i> entry in the
jail book, LL. <i>scroa</i> scroll, probably of Teutonic origin; cf.
OD. <i>schroode</i> a strip, shred, slip of paper, akin to E.
<i>shred</i>. Cf. <u>Shred</u>, <u>Escrow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A roll of paper or parchment; a writing formed into a roll; a
schedule; a list.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heavens shall be rolled together as a
<i>scroll</i>.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxxiv. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here is the <i>scroll</i> of every man's
name.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament formed of
undulations giving off spirals or sprays, usually suggestive of plant
form. Roman architectural ornament is largely of some scroll
pattern.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mark or flourish added to a person's
signature, intended to represent a seal, and in some States allowed as
a substitute for a seal.</def> [U.S.] <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Same as <i>Skew surface</i>.
See under <u>Skew</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Linen scroll</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Linen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scroll chuck</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>an adjustable chuck, applicable to a lathe spindle, for centering
and holding work, in which the jaws are adjusted and tightened
simultaneously by turning a disk having in its face a spiral groove
which is entered by teeth on the backs of the jaws.</cd> --
<col><b>Scroll saw</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Saw</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrolled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed like a
scroll; contained in a scroll; adorned with scrolls; as,
<i>scrolled</i> work.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scroph`u*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So
called because it was reputed to be a remedy for <i>scrofula</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of coarse herbs having small flowers in
panicled cymes; figwort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scroph`u*la`ri*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a very large natural order of
gamopetalous plants (<i>Scrophulariace&aelig;</i>, or
<i>Scrophularine&aelig;</i>), usually having irregular didynamous
flowers and a two-celled pod. The order includes the mullein,
foxglove, snapdragon, figwort, painted cup, yellow rattle, and some
exotic trees, as the <i>Paulownia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scro"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the scrotum; as, <i>scrotal</i> hernia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scro"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scrotum</i>
scrotum + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Purse-shaped; pouch-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scro"to*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Scrotum</i> +
Gr. <grk>kh`lh</grk> a tumor: cf. F. <i>scrotoc&egrave;le</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A rupture or hernia in the scrotum; scrotal
hernia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scro"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The bag or pouch which contains the testicles; the cod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrouge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>To crowd; to squeeze.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scrow</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Escrow</u>,
<u>Scroll</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A scroll.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A clipping from skins; a currier's
cuttings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scroyle</hw> (skroil), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>escrouselle</i> a kind of vermin, <i>escrouelles</i>, pl.,
scrofula, F. <i>&eacute;crouelles</i>, fr. (assumed) LL.
<i>scrofellae</i> for L. <i>scrofulae</i>. See <u>Scrofula</u>, and
cf. <u>Cruels</u>.] <def>A mean fellow; a wretch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrub</hw> (skr&ubreve;b), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scrubbed</u> (skr&ubreve;bd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Scrubbing</u>.] [OE.
<i>scrobben</i>, probably of Dutch or Scand. origin; cf. Dan.
<i>skrubbe</i>, Sw. <i>skrubba</i>, D. <i>schrobben</i>, LG.
<i>schrubben</i>.] <def>To rub hard; to wash with rubbing; usually, to
rub with a wet brush, or with something coarse or rough, for the
purpose of cleaning or brightening; as, to <i>scrub</i> a floor, a
doorplate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrub</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rub anything hard,
especially with a wet brush; to scour; hence, to be diligent and
penurious; as, to <i>scrub</i> hard for a living.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who labors hard and lives meanly; a mean fellow.</def> "A sorry
<i>scrub</i>." <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We should go there in as proper a manner as possible;
nor altogether like the <i>scrubs</i> about us.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something small and mean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A worn-out brush.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A thicket or jungle, often specified by the
name of the prevailing plant; as, oak <i>scrub</i>, palmetto
<i>scrub</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Breeding)</i> <def>One of the common
live stock of a region of no particular breed or not of pure breed,
esp. when inferior in size, etc.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Scrub bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Australian
passerine bird of the family <i>Atrichornithid&aelig;</i>, as
<i>Atrichia clamosa</i>; -- called also <i>brush bird</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Scrub oak</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the popular name of
several dwarfish species of oak. The scrub oak of New England and the
Middle States is <i>Quercus ilicifolia</i>, a scraggy shrub; that of
the Southern States is a small tree (<i>Q. Catesb&aelig;i</i>); that
of the Rocky Mountain region is <i>Q. undulata</i>, var.
<i>Gambelii</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Scrub robin</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Australian singing bird of the genus
<i>Drymodes</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrub</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Mean; dirty;
contemptible; scrubby.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How solitary, how <i>scrub</i>, does this town
look!</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No little <i>scrub</i> joint shall come on my
board.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scrub game</b></col>, <cd>a game, as of ball, by
unpracticed players.</cd> -- <col><b>Scrub race</b></col>, <cd>a race
between scrubs, or between untrained animals or contestants.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scrub"bed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dwarfed or
stunted; scrubby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrub"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, scrubs; esp., a brush used in
scrubbing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gas Manuf.)</i> <def>A gas washer. See under
<u>Gas</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrub"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A baseboard; a
mopboard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrub"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scrubbier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scrubbiest</u>.] <def>Of the nature of
scrub; small and mean; stunted in growth; as, a <i>scrubby</i>
cur.</def> "Dense, <i>scrubby</i> woods." <i>Duke of Argyll.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scrub"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A species of
calciferous sandstone.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scruff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Scurf</u>.]
<def>Scurf.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scruff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scuff</u>.] <def>The
nape of the neck; the loose outside skin, as of the back of the
neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrum"mage</hw> (?; 43), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scrimmage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrump"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nice;
particular; fastidious; excellent; fine.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Scrunch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Scranch</u>, <u>Crunch</u>.] <def>To scranch; to crunch.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scrupulus</i> a
small sharp or pointed stone, the twenty-fourth part of an ounce, a
scruple, uneasiness, doubt, dim. of <i>scrupus</i> a rough or sharp
stone, anxiety, uneasiness; perh. akin to Gr. &?; the chippings of
stone, &?; a razor, Skr. <i>kshura</i>: cf. F. <i>scrupule</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A weight of twenty grains; the third part of a
dram.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a very small quantity; a
particle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not bate thee a <i>scruple</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hesitation as to action from the difficulty
of determining what is right or expedient; unwillingness, doubt, or
hesitation proceeding from motives of conscience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was made miserable by the conflict between his
tastes and his <i>scruples</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make scruple</b></col>, <cd>to hesitate from
conscientious motives; to scruple.</cd> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scrupled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scrupling</u> (?).] <def>To be reluctant or to hesitate, as regards
an action, on account of considerations of conscience or
expedience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are often over-precise, scrupling to say or do those
things which lawfully we may.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men <i>scruple</i> at the lawfulness of a set form of
divine worship.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To regard with suspicion; to hesitate at; to question.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others long before them . . . <i>scrupled</i> more the
books of heretics than of gentiles.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excite scruples in; to cause to
scruple.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Letters which did still <i>scruple</i> many of
them.</blockquote> <i>E. Symmons.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"pler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scruples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scru"pu*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
scrupler.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scru"pu*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To perplex
with scruples; to regard with scruples.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bp.
Montagu.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1294 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scru`pu*los"i*ty</hw>
(skr&udd;`p&usl;*l&obreve;s"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>scrupulositas</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
scrupulous; doubt; doubtfulness respecting decision or action; caution
or tenderness from the fear of doing wrong or offending; nice regard
to exactness and propriety; precision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first sacrilege is looked on with horror; but when
they have made the breach, their <i>scrupulosity</i> soon
retires.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Careful, even to <i>scrupulosity</i>, . . . to keep
their Sabbath.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"pu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scrupulosus</i>: cf. F. <i>scrupuleux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of scruples; inclined to scruple; nicely doubtful;
hesitating to determine or to act, from a fear of offending or of
doing wrong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abusing their liberty, to the offense of their weak
brethren which were <i>scrupulous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Careful; cautious; exact; nice; as,
<i>scrupulous</i> abstinence from labor; <i>scrupulous</i> performance
of duties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Given to making objections; captious.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Equality of two domestic powers<BR>
Breed <i>scrupulous</i> faction.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Liable to be doubted; doubtful; nice.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The justice of that cause ought to be evident; not
obscure, not <i>scrupulous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cautious; careful; conscientious; hesitating.</p>

<p> -- <wf>Scru"pu*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Scru"pu*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Discoverable by
scrutiny, inquiry, or critical examination.</def> [R.] <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scrutatio</i>.] <def>Search; scrutiny.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Scru*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
scrutinizes; a close examiner or inquirer.</def> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru`ti*neer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scrutinizer;
specifically, an examiner of votes, as at an election.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ti*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Scrutinized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Scrutinizing</u> (?).] [From <u>Scrutiny</u>.] <def>To
examine closely; to inspect or observe with critical attention; to
regard narrowly; as, to <i>scrutinize</i> the measures of
administration; to <i>scrutinize</i> the conduct or motives of
individuals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose votes they were obliged to
<i>scrutinize</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those pronounced him youngest who <i>scrutinized</i>
his face the closest.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ti*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
scrutiny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ti*ni`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scrutinizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ti*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Closely
examining, or inquiring; careful; strict.</def> --
<wf>Scru"ti*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ti*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scrutinium</i>, fr. <i>scrutari</i> to search carefully,
originally, to search even to the rags, fr. <i>scruta</i> trash,
trumpery; perhaps akin to E. <i>shred</i>: cf. AS. <i>scrudnian</i> to
make scrutiny.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Close examination; minute
inspection; critical observation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that have designed exactness and deep
<i>scrutiny</i> have taken some one part of nature.</blockquote>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thenceforth I thought thee worth my nearer view<BR>
And narrower <i>scrutiny</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Church)</i> <def>An examination of
catechumens, in the last week of Lent, who were to receive baptism on
Easter Day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Canon Law)</i> <def>A ticket, or little
paper billet, on which a vote is written.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Parliamentary Practice)</i> <def>An
examination by a committee of the votes given at an election, for the
purpose of correcting the poll.</def> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scru"ti*ny</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
scrutinize.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scru*toire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>escritoire</i>. See <u>Escritoire</u>.] <def>A escritoire; a
writing desk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scruze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Excruciate</u>.] <def>To squeeze, compress, crush, or bruise.</def>
[Obs. or Low] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To descry.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Scry</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A flock of wild fowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ascrie</i>, fr.
<i>ascrien</i> to cry out, fr. OF. <i>escrier</i>, F.
<i>s'&eacute;crier</i>. See <u>Ex</u>-, and <u>Cry</u>.] <def>A cry or
shout.</def> [Obs.] <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scud</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scudded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scudding</u>.] [Dan. <i>skyde</i> to shoot, shove, push, akin to
<i>skud</i> shot, gunshot, a shoot, young bough, and to E.
<i>shoot</i>. &radic;159. See <u>Shoot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To move swiftly; especially, to move as if driven forward by
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first nautilus that <i>scudded</i> upon the glassy
surface of warm primeval oceans.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wind was high; the vast white clouds <i>scudded</i>
over the blue heaven.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To be driven swiftly, or to
run, before a gale, with little or no sail spread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scud</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pass over
quickly.</def> [R.] <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scud</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of scudding; a driving along; a rushing with precipitation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Loose, vapory clouds driven swiftly by the
wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Borne on the <i>scud</i> of the sea.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scud</i> was flying fast above us, throwing a
veil over the moon.</blockquote> <i>Sir S. Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A slight, sudden shower.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small flight of
larks, or other birds, less than a flock.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any swimming amphipod
crustacean.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Storm scud</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Cloud</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scud"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>scud</i>: cf. <u>Scuttle</u> to hurry.] <def>To run hastily; to
hurry; to scuttle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scudi</b></plw> (#). [It., a crown, a dollar, a shield, fr. L.
<i>scutum a shield</i>. Cf. <u>Scute</u>.] <i>(Com.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A silver coin, and money of account, used in
Italy and Sicily, varying in value, in different parts, but worth
about 4 shillings sterling, or about 96 cents; also, a gold coin worth
about the same.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A gold coin of Rome,
worth 64 shillings 11 pence sterling, or about $ 15.70.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>schoft</i>
shoulder, Goth. <i>skuft</i> hair of the head. Cf. <u>Scruff</u>.]
<def>The back part of the neck; the scruff.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scuff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scuffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scuffing</u>.] [See <u>Scuffle</u>.] <def>To walk without lifting
the feet; to proceed with a scraping or dragging movement; to
shuffle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scuf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scuffled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scuffling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>scuff</i>, v.i.; cf. Sw.
<i>skuffa</i> to push, shove, <i>skuff</i> a push, Dan. <i>skuffe</i>
a drawer, a shovel, and E. <i>shuffle</i>, <i>shove</i>. See
<u>Shove</u>, and cf. <u>Shuffle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strive or struggle with a close grapple; to wrestle in a rough
fashion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to strive or contend tumultuously;
to struggle confusedly or at haphazard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gallant man had rather fight to great disadvantage in
the field, in an orderly way, than <i>scuffle</i> with an
undisciplined rabble.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scuf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
rough, haphazard struggle, or trial of strength; a disorderly
wrestling at close quarters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a confused contest; a tumultuous
struggle for superiority; a fight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dog leaps upon the serpent, and tears it to pieces;
but in the <i>scuffle</i> the cradle happened to be
overturned.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A child's pinafore or bib.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A garden hoe.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scuf"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who scuffles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An agricultural implement resembling a
scarifier, but usually lighter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scug</hw> (sk&ubreve;g), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>skygge</i> to darken, a shade, SW. <i>skugga</i> to shade, a shade,
Icel. <i>skyggja</i> to shade, <i>skuggi</i> a shade.] <def>To
hide.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place of shelter; the
declivity of a hill.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sculk</hw> (sk&ubreve;lk), <hw>Sculk"er</hw> (-&etilde;r) }.
<def>See <u>Skulk</u>, <u>Skulker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scull</hw> (sk&ubreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The skull.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>School</u>.]
<def>A shoal of fish.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin; cf.
Icel. <i>skola</i> to wash.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A boat; a cockboat. See <u>Sculler</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of a pair of short oars worked by one
person.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A single oar used at the stern
in propelling a boat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common skua
gull.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scull</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sculled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sculling</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To impel (a boat) with a pair of
sculls, or with a single scull or oar worked over the stern obliquely
from side to side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scull</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To impel a boat with a
scull or sculls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scull"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A boat rowed by one man with two sculls, or short oars.</def>
[R.] <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who sculls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scul"ler*y</hw> (sk&ubreve;l"l&etilde;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Sculleries</b></plw> (-
&ibreve;z). [Probably originally, a place for washing dishes, and for
<i>swillery</i>, fr. OE. <i>swilen</i> to wash, AS. <i>swilian</i>
(see <u>Swill</u> to wash, to drink), but influenced either by Icel.
<i>skola</i>, <i>skyla</i>, Dan. <i>skylle</i>, or by OF.
<i>escuelier</i> a place for keeping dishes, fr. <i>escuele</i> a
dish, F. <i>&eacute;cuelle</i>, fr. L. <i>scutella</i> a salver,
waiter (cf. <u>Scuttle</u> a basket); or perhaps the English word is
immediately from the OF. <i>escuelier</i>; cf. OE. <i>squyllare</i> a
dishwasher.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where dishes, kettles,
and culinary utensils, are cleaned and kept; also, a room attached to
the kitchen, where the coarse work is done; a back kitchen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, refuse; fifth; offal.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scul"lion</hw> (sk&ubreve;l"y&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A scallion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scul"lion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escouillon</i>
(Cot.) a dishclout, apparently for <i>escouvillon</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;couvillon</i> a swab; cf. also OF. <i>souillon</i> a
servant employed for base offices. Cf. <u>Scovel</u>.] <def>A servant
who cleans pots and kettles, and does other menial services in the
kitchen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The meanest <i>scullion</i> that followed his
camp.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scul"lion*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a scullion;
base.</def> [Obs.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sculp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Sculptor</u>.]
<def>To sculpture; to carve; to engrave.</def> [Obs. or Humorous.]
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scul"pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>skulpin</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one
of numerous species of marine cottoid fishes of the genus
<i>Cottus</i>, or <i>Acanthocottus</i>, having a large head armed with
several sharp spines, and a broad mouth. They are generally mottled
with yellow, brown, and black. Several species are found on the
Atlantic coasts of Europe and America.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A large cottoid market fish of California
(<i>Scorp&aelig;nichthys marmoratus</i>); -- called also
<i>bighead</i>, <i>cabezon</i>, <i>scorpion</i>, <i>salpa</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The dragonet, or yellow sculpin, of Europe
(<i>Callionymus lyra</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to other related California
species.</p>

<p><col><b>Deep-water sculpin</b></col>, <cd>the sea raven.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sculp"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sculptilis</i>. See <i>Sculptor</i>.] <def>Formed by carving;
graven; as, <i>sculptile</i> images.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sculp"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sculptor</i>,
fr. <i>sculpere</i>, <i>sculptum</i>, to carve; cf. <i>scalpere</i> to
cut, carve, scratch, and Gr. &?; to carve: cf. F. <i>sculpteur</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who sculptures; one whose occupation is to
carve statues, or works of sculpture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, an artist who designs works of
sculpture, his first studies and his finished model being usually in a
plastic material, from which model the marble is cut, or the bronze is
cast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sculp"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
sculptor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sculp"tur*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to sculpture.</def> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sculp"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sculptura</i>: cf. F. <i>sculpture</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art of carving, cutting, or hewing wood, stone, metal, etc.,
into statues, ornaments, etc., or into figures, as of men, or other
things; hence, the art of producing figures and groups, whether in
plastic or hard materials.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Carved work modeled of, or cut upon, wood,
stone, metal, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There, too, in living <i>sculpture</i>, might be
seen<BR>
The mad affection of the Cretan queen.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sculp"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sculptured</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sculpturing</u>.] <def>To form with the chisel on, in,
or from, wood, stone, or metal; to carve; to engrave.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sculptured tortoise</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
common North American wood tortoise (<i>Glyptemys insculpta</i>). The
shell is marked with strong grooving and ridges which resemble
sculptured figures.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sculp`tur*esque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>After the
manner of sculpture; resembling, or relating to, sculpture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scum</hw> (sk&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Scand.
origin; cf. Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>skum</i>, Icel. <i>sk&umacr;m</i>, LG.
<i>schum</i>, D. <i>schuim</i>, OHG. <i>sc&umacr;m</i>, G.
<i>schaum</i>; probably from a root meaning, to cover. &radic;158. Cf.
<u>Hide</u> skin, <u>Meerschaum</u>, <u>Skim</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Sky</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The extraneous matter or impurities which
rise to the surface of liquids in boiling or fermentation, or which
form on the surface by other means; also, the scoria of metals in a
molten state; dross.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some to remove the <i>scum</i> as it did
rise.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>refuse; recrement; anything vile or
worthless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great and innocent are insulted by the <i>scum</i>
and refuse of the people.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scum</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scummed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scumming</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take the scum from;
to clear off the impure matter from the surface of; to skim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You that <i>scum</i> the molten lead.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden &amp; Lee.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sweep or range over the surface
of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wandering up and down without certain seat, they lived
by <i>scumming</i> those seas and shores as pirates.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scum</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form a scum; to
become covered with scum. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Life, and the interest of life, have stagnated and
<i>scummed</i> over.</blockquote> <i>A. K. H. Boyd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scum"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Discumber</u>.] <def>To void excrement.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scum"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dung.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scumbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scumbling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>scum</i>. &radic; 158.] <i>(Fine
Arts)</i> <def>To cover lighty, as a painting, or a drawing, with a
thin wash of opaque color, or with color-crayon dust rubbed on with
the stump, or to make any similar additions to the work, so as to
produce a softened effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scum"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fine Arts)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mode of obtaining a
softened effect, in painting and drawing, by the application of a thin
layer of opaque color to the surface of a painting, or part of the
surface, which is too bright in color, or which requires
harmonizing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In crayon drawing, the use
of the stump.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The color so laid on. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shining above the brown <i>scumbling</i> of leafless
orchards.</blockquote> <i>L. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scum"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
scumber.</def> [Obs.] <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scum"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excrement;
scumber.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scum"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>escumoire</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;cumoire</i>. See <u>Scum</u>, and cf. <u>Skimmer</u>.]
<def>An instrument for taking off scum; a skimmer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scum"ming</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The act of taking off scum.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That
which is scummed off; skimmings; scum; -- used chiefly in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scum"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with scum;
of the nature of scum.</def> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scun"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shun</u>.]
<def>To cause to loathe, or feel disgust at.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scun"ner</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have a feeling
of loathing or disgust; hence, to have dislike, prejudice, or
reluctance.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.] <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scun"ner</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feeling of disgust
or loathing; a strong prejudice; abhorrence; as, to take a
<i>scunner</i> against some one.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scup</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>schop</i>.] <def>A
swing.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scup</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr. American Indian
<i>mishc&ugrave;p</i>, fr. <i>mishe-kuppi</i> large, thick-scaled.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine sparoid food fish (<i>Stenotomus
chrysops</i>, or <i>S. argyrops</i>), common on the Atlantic coast of
the United States. It appears bright silvery when swimming in the
daytime, but shows broad blackish transverse bands at night and when
dead. Called also <i>porgee</i>, <i>paugy</i>, <i>porgy</i>,
<i>scuppaug</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The same names are also applied to a closely allied Southern
species (<i>Stenotomus Gardeni</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Scup"paug</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr. Amer.
Indian <i>mishcuppauog</i>, pl. of <i>mishcup</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See 2d <u>Scup</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scup"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escopir</i>,
<i>escupir</i>, to spit, perhaps for <i>escospir</i>, L. <i>ex +
conspuere</i> to spit upon; pref. <i>con-</i> + <i>spuere</i> to spit.
Cf. <u>Spit</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An opening
cut through the waterway and bulwarks of a ship, so that water falling
on deck may flow overboard; -- called also <i>scupper
hole</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1295 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><col><b>Scupper hose</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a pipe of
leather, canvas, etc., attached to the mouth of the scuppers, on the
outside of a vessel, to prevent the water from entering.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Scupper nail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
nail with a very broad head, for securing the edge of the hose to the
scupper.</cd> -- <col><b>Scupper plug</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
plug to stop a scupper.</cd> <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scup"per*nong</hw> (sk&ubreve;p"p&etilde;r*n&obreve;ng),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of American Indian origin.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American grape, a form of <i>Vitis vulpina</i>,
found in the Southern Atlantic States, and often cultivated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur</hw> (sk&ucirc;r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Scour</u> to run.] <def>To move hastily; to scour.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.] <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scurf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scurf</i>,
<i>sceorf</i>, or from Scand.; cf. Sw. <i>skorf</i>, Dan.
<i>skurv</i>, Icel. <i>skurfur</i>, D. <i>schurft</i>, G.
<i>schorf</i>; all akin to AS. <i>scurf</i>, and to AS.
<i>sceorfan</i> to scrape, to gnaw, G. <i>sch&uuml;rfen</i> to scrape,
and probably also to E. <i>scrape</i>. Cf. <u>Scurvy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thin dry scales or scabs upon the body;
especially, thin scales exfoliated from the cuticle, particularly of
the scalp; dandruff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the foul remains of anything
adherent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>scurf</i> is worn away of each committed
crime.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything like flakes or scales adhering to
a surface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There stood a hill not far, whose grisly top<BR>
Belched fire and rolling smoke; the rest entire<BR>
Shone with a glossy <i>scurf</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Minute membranous scales on
the surface of some leaves, as in the goosefoot.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scurff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bull
trout.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scurf"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Quality or state of being scurfy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Scurf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scurf"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scurfier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scurfiest</u>.] <def>Having or producing
scurf; covered with scurf; resembling scurf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
scurries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur"rile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scurrilis</i>,
fr. <i>scurra</i> a *buffoon, jester: cf. F. <i>scurrile</i>.]
<def>Such as befits a buffoon or vulgar jester; grossly opprobrious or
loudly jocose in language; scurrilous; as, <i>scurrile</i>
taunts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wretched affectation of <i>scurrile</i>
laughter.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>scurrile</i> or obscene jest will better advance
you at the court of Charles than your father's ancient
name.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scur*ril"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scurrilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>scurrilit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being scurrile or
scurrilous; mean, vile, or obscene jocularity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your reasons . . . have been sharp and sententious,
pleasant without <i>scurrility</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is scurrile or scurrilous; gross
or obscene language; low buffoonery; vulgar abuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Interrupting prayers and sermons with clamor and
<i>scurrility</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Scurrilousness; abuse; insolence; vulgarity;
indecency.</p>

<p><hw>Scur"ril*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<i>Scurrile</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Using the low and indecent
language of the meaner sort of people, or such as only the license of
buffoons can warrant; as, a <i>scurrilous</i> fellow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing low indecency or abuse; mean;
foul; vile; obscenely jocular; as, <i>scurrilous</i>
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The absurd and <i>scurrilous</i> sermon which had very
unwisely been honored with impeachment.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Opprobrious; abusive; reproachful; insulting;
insolent; offensive; gross; vile; vulgar; low; foul; foul-mouthed;
indecent; scurrile; mean.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Scur"ril*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Scur"ril*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Scur"rit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The lesser tern (<i>Sterna minuta</i>).</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Scur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scur</u>,
<u>Skirr</u>.] <def>To hasten away or along; to move rapidly; to
hurry; as, the rabbit <i>scurried</i> away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of scurrying;
hurried movement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur"vi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scurvy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur"vi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being scurvy; vileness; meanness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scur"vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Scurvier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Scurviest</u>.] [From <u>Scurf</u>; cf.
<u>Scurvy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered
or affected with scurf or scabs; scabby; scurfy; specifically,
diseased with the scurvy.</def> "Whatsoever man . . . be <i>scurvy</i>
or scabbed." <i>Lev. xxi. 18, 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vile; mean; low; vulgar;
contemptible.</def> "A <i>scurvy</i> trick." <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>scurvy</i> custom of taking
tobacco.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] spoke spoke such <i>scurvy</i> and provoking
terms.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scur"vy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from the same
source as <i>scorbute</i>, but influenced by <i>scurf</i>,
<i>scurfy</i>, <i>scurvy</i>, adj.; cf. D. <i>scheurbuik</i> scurvy,
G. <i>scharbock</i>, LL. <i>scorbutus</i>. Cf. <u>Scorbute</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease characterized by livid spots, especially
about the thighs and legs, due to extravasation of blood, and by
spongy gums, and bleeding from almost all the mucous membranes. It is
accompanied by paleness, languor, depression, and general debility. It
is occasioned by confinement, innutritious food, and hard labor, but
especially by lack of fresh vegetable food, or confinement for a long
time to a limited range of food, which is incapable of repairing the
waste of the system. It was formerly prevalent among sailors and
soldiers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scurvy grass</b></col> [<i>Scurvy</i> + <i>grass</i>; or
cf. Icel. <i>skarfa</i>k&amacr;l <i>scurvy grass</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>A kind of cress (<i>Cochlearia officinalis</i>) growing along the
seacoast of Northern Europe and in arctic regions. It is a remedy for
the scurvy, and has proved a valuable food to arctic explorers. The
name is given also to other allied species of plants.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>skott</i> a
fox's tail. &radic; 159.] [Obs.] <def>The tail of a hare, or of a
deer, or other animal whose tail is short, esp. when carried erect;
hence, sometimes, the animal itself.</def> "He ran like a
<i>scut</i>." <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How the Indian hare came to have a long tail, whereas
that part in others attains no higher than a <i>scut</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My doe with the black <i>scut</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Scu"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scutum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu"tage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>scutagium</i>, from L. <i>scutum</i> a shield.] <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>
<def>Shield money; commutation of service for a sum of money. See
<u>Escuage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a shield.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A good example of these <i>scutal</i>
monstrosities.</blockquote> <i>Cussans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scu"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scutatus</i>
armed with a shield, from <i>scutum</i> a shield.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Buckler-shaped; round or nearly round.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Protected or covered by
bony or horny plates, or large scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scutch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scutched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scutching</u>.] [See <u>Scotch</u> to cut slightly.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat or whip; to drub.</def> [Old or Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate the woody fiber from (flax,
hemp, etc.) by beating; to swingle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To loosen and dress the fiber of (cotton or
silk) by beating; to free (fibrous substances) from dust by beating
and blowing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scutching machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine used to scutch
cotton, silk, or flax; -- called also <i>batting machine</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scutch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
wooden instrument used in scutching flax and hemp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The woody fiber of flax; the refuse of
scutched flax.</def> "The smoke of the burning <i>scutch</i>."
<i>Cuthbert Bede.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scutch"eon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>escutcheon</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An escutcheon; an
emblazoned shield.</def> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The corpse lay in state, with all the pomp of
<i>scutcheons</i>, wax lights, black hangings, and mutes.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small plate of metal, as the shield
around a keyhole. See <u>Escutcheon</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scutch"eoned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Emblazoned on
or as a shield.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Scutcheoned</i> panes in cloisters old.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scutch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who scutches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An implement or machine for scutching hemp,
flax, or cotton, etc.; a scutch; a scutching machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scutch" grass`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of pasture
grass (<i>Cynodon Dactylon</i>). See <u>Bermuda grass</u>: also
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scutum</i> a
shield, a buckler. See <u>Scudo</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
shield.</def> [Obs.] <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old French gold coin of the value of 3s.
4d. sterling, or about 80 cents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bony scale of a
reptile or fish; a large horny scale on the leg of a bird, or on the
belly of a snake.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu*tel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scutellum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu*tel"la</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scutell&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fem. dim. of L.
<i>scutum</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Scutellum</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scu"tel*late</hw> (?), <hw>Scu"tel*la`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scutella</i> a dish, salver. Cf.
<u>Scuttle</u> a basket.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Formed like a plate or salver; composed of platelike surfaces;
as, the <i>scutellated</i> bone of a sturgeon.</def>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <u>Scutellum</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the tarsi covered with broad transverse scales, or
scutella; -- said of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu`tel*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The entire covering, or mode of arrangement,
of scales, as on the legs and feet of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu*tel"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scutella</i> a dish + <i>-form</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Scutellate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form of a
scutellum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu*tel`li*plan"tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>scutellus</i> a shield + <i>planta</i> foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having broad scutella on the front, and small scales on the
posterior side, of the tarsus; -- said of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu*tel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scutella</b></plw> (#). [NL., neut. dim. of L. <i>scutum</i> a
shield.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A rounded apothecium
having an elevated rim formed of the proper thallus, the
fructification of certain lichens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
third of the four pieces forming the upper part of a thoracic segment
of an insect. It follows the scutum, and is followed by the small
postscutellum; a scutella. See <u>Thorax</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the transverse scales on the tarsi and
toes of birds; a scutella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu"ti*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Scutibranchiate.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Scutibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu`ti*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Scutibranchiata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu`ti*bran"chi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Scutibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu`ti*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Scutum</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of gastropod Mollusca having a heart with two auricles and one
ventricle. The shell may be either spiral or shieldlike.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is now usually regarded as including only the
Rhipidoglossa and the Docoglossa. When originally established, it
included a heterogenous group of mollusks having shieldlike shells,
such as Haliotis, Fissurella, Carinaria, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Scu`ti*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the gills protected by a shieldlike
shell; of or pertaining to the Scutibranchiata.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Scutibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scutum</i>
shield + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Carrying a shield or buckler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scutum</i>
shield + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>scutiforme</i>.] <def>Shield-shaped;
scutate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu"ti*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>scutum</i> shield + <i>gerere</i> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of chilopod myriapods of the genus <i>Scutigera</i>.
They sometimes enter buildings and prey upon insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scu"ti*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scutum</i> a
shield + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a foot: cf. F.
<i>scutip&egrave;de</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the anterior
surface of the tarsus covered with scutella, or transverse scales, in
the form of incomplete bands terminating at a groove on each side; --
said of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scut"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scutel</i> a
dish, platter; cf. Icel. <i>skutill</i>; both fr. L. <i>scutella</i>,
dim. of <i>scutra</i>, <i>scuta</i>, a dish or platter; cf.
<i>scutum</i> a shield. Cf. <u>Skillet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
broad, shallow basket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wide-mouthed vessel for holding coal: a
coal hod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scut"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [For <i>scuddle</i>, fr.
<i>scud</i>.] <def>To run with affected precipitation; to hurry; to
bustle; to scuddle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With the first dawn of day, old Janet was
<i>scuttling</i> about the house to wake the baron.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scut"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quick pace; a short
run.</def> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scut"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escoutille</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;scoutille</i>, cf. Sp. <i>escotilla</i>; probably akin
to Sp. <i>escotar</i> to cut a thing so as to make it fit, to hollow a
garment about the neck, perhaps originally, to cut a bosom-shaped
piece out, and of Teutonic origin; cf. D. <i>schoot</i> lap, bosom, G.
<i>schoss</i>, Goth. <i>skauts</i> the hem of a garnment. Cf.
<u>Sheet</u> an expanse.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small opening in
an outside wall or covering, furnished with a lid.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small opening or hatchway in
the deck of a ship, large enough to admit a man, and with a lid for
covering it, also, a like hole in the side or bottom of a ship.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An opening in the roof of a house, with a
lid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The lid or door which covers or closes an
opening in a roof, wall, or the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scuttle butt</b></col>, or <col><b>Scuttle cask</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a butt or cask with a large hole in it, used to
contain the fresh water for daily use in a ship.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scut"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Scuttled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Scuttling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut a hole or holes
through the bottom, deck, or sides of (as of a ship), for any
purpose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sink by making holes through the bottom
of; as, to <i>scuttle</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scu"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scuta</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>An oblong shield made of boards or wickerwork covered
with leather, with sometimes an iron rim; -- carried chiefly by the
heavy-armed infantry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A penthouse or
awning.</def> [Obs.] <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
second and largest of the four parts forming the upper surface of a
thoracic segment of an insect. It is preceded by the prescutum and
followed by the scutellum. See the <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Thorax</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the two lower
valves of the operculum of a barnacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scyb"a*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sky`balon</grk> dung.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hardened masses of
feces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scye</hw> (s&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Arm scye, a
cutter's term for the armhole or part of the armhole of the waist of a
garment.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Scyle</hw> (s&imacr;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>scylan</i> to withdraw or remove.] <def>To hide; to secrete; to
conceal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Scyl"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dangerous rock on
the Italian coast opposite the whirpool Charybdis on the coast of
Sicily, -- both personified in classical literature as ravenous
monsters. The passage between them was formerly considered perilous;
hence, the saying "Between Scylla and Charybdis," signifying a great
peril on either hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scyl*l&aelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Scylla</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of oceanic
nudibranchiate mollusks having the small branched gills situated on
the upper side of four fleshy lateral lobes, and on the median caudal
crest.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In color and form these mollusks closely imitate the fronds
of sargassum and other floating seaweeds among which they live.</p>

<p><hw>Scyl*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a family (<i>Scyllarid&aelig;</i>) of
macruran Crustacea, remarkable for the depressed form of the body, and
the broad, flat antenn&aelig;. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scyl"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white crystalline substance of a sweetish taste, resembling inosite
and metameric with dextrose. It is extracted from the kidney of the
dogfish (of the genus <i>Scyllium</i>), the shark, and the
skate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scym"e*tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scimiter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scy"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scyphae</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Scyphus</u>, 2 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scy"phi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>scyphus</i>
a cup + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Cup-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scy*phis"to*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scyphistomata</b></plw> (#),
<plw><b>Scyphistom&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sky`fos</grk> a cup + <grk>sto`ma</grk> the mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The young attached larva of Discophora in the
stage when it resembles a hydroid, or actinian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scy`pho*bran"chi*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>sky`fos</grk> a cup + <grk>bra`gchion</grk> a gill.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fishes including the blennioid
and gobioid fishes, and other related families.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scy`pho*me*du"s&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>sky`fos</grk> cup + NL. <i>medusa</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Acraspeda</u>, or
<u>Discophora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scy*phoph"o*ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>sky`fos</grk> a cup + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fresh-water fishes inhabiting
tropical Africa. They have rudimentary electrical organs on each side
of the tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scy"phus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scyphi</b></plw> (#). [L., a cup, Gr. <grk>sky`fos</grk>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A kind of large drinking cup,
-- used by Greeks and Romans, esp. by poor folk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The cup
of a narcissus, or a similar appendage to the corolla in other
flowers.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A cup-shaped stem or podetium
in lichens. Also called <i>scypha</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<i>Cladonia pyxidata</i>, under <u>Lichen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scythe</hw> (s&imacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sithe</i>, AS. s&imacr;&eth;e, <i>sig&eth;e</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>sig&eth;r</i> a sickle, LG. <i>segd</i>, <i>seged</i>, <i>seed</i>,
<i>seid</i>, OHG. <i>segansa</i> sickle, scythe, G. <i>sense</i>
scythe, and to E. <i>saw</i> a cutting instrument. See <u>Saw</u>.]
[Written also <i>sithe</i> and <i>sythe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument for mowing grass, grain, or the like, by hand,
composed of a long, curving blade, with a sharp edge, made fast to a
long handle, called a <i>snath</i>, which is bent into a form
convenient for use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sharp-edged <i>scythe</i> shears up the spiring
grass.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever thing<BR>
The <i>scythe</i> of Time mows down.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A scythe-shaped blade
attached to ancient war chariots.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1296 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Scythe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut with a
scythe; to cut off as with a scythe; to mow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Time had not <i>scythed</i> all that youth
begun.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scythed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Armed with scythes,
as a chariot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chariots <i>scythed</i>,<BR>
On thundering axles rolled.</blockquote> <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scythe"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Scythemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who uses a scythe; a
mower.</def> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scythe"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone for
sharpening scythes; a whetstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scythe"whet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Wilson's thrush; -- so called from its note.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Scyth"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Scythia (a name given to the northern part of Asia, and Europe
adjoining to Asia), or its language or inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Scythian lamb</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Barometz</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Scyth"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Scythia; specifically <i>(Ethnol.)</i>, one of
a Slavonic race which in early times occupied Eastern
Europe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The language of the Scythians.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scy`to*der"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a hide + &?; a skin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Holothurioidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sdain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Disdain.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>'Sdeath</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>God's death</i>.] <def>An exclamation expressive of impatience or
anger.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sdeign</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To disdain.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But either <i>sdeigns</i> with other to
partake.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea</hw> (s&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>see</i>, AS.
<i>s&aemacr;</i>; akin to D. <i>zee</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>s&emacr;o</i>,
G. <i>see</i>, OFries. <i>se</i>, Dan. <i>s&ouml;</i>, Sw.
<i>sj&ouml;</i>, Icel. <i>s&aelig;r</i>, Goth. <i>saiws</i>, and
perhaps to L. <i>saevus</i> fierce, savage. &radic;151a.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the larger bodies of salt water, less
than an ocean, found on the earth's surface; a body of salt water of
second rank, generally forming part of, or connecting with, an ocean
or a larger sea; as, the Mediterranean <i>Sea</i>; the <i>Sea</i> of
Marmora; the North <i>Sea</i>; the Carribean <i>Sea</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inland body of water, esp. if large or
if salt or brackish; as, the Caspian <i>Sea</i>; <i>the Sea</i> of
Aral; sometimes, a small fresh-water lake; as, the <i>Sea</i> of
Galilee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The ocean; the whole body of the salt water
which covers a large part of the globe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I marvel how the fishes live in the
<i>sea</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ambiguous between <i>sea</i> and land<BR>
The river horse and scaly crocodile.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The swell of the ocean or other body of
water in a high wind; motion or agitation of the water's surface;
also, a single wave; a billow; as, there was a high <i>sea</i> after
the storm; the vessel shipped a <i>sea</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>A great brazen laver
in the temple at Jerusalem; -- so called from its size.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He made a molten <i>sea</i> of ten cubits from brim to
brim, round in compass, and five cubits the height
thereof.</blockquote> <i>2 Chron. iv. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Anything resembling the sea in
vastness; as, a <i>sea</i> of glory.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the space . . . was one <i>sea</i> of
heads.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sea</i> is often used in the composition of words of
obvious signification; as, <i>sea</i>-bathed, <i>sea</i>-beaten,
<i>sea</i>-bound, <i>sea</i>-bred, <i>sea</i>-circled, <i>sea</i>like,
<i>sea</i>-nursed, <i>sea</i>-tossed, <i>sea</i>-walled, <i>sea</i>-
worn, and the like. It is also used either adjectively or in
combination with substantives; as, <i>sea</i> bird, <i>sea</i>-bird,
or <i>sea</i>bird, <i>sea</i> acorn, or <i>sea</i>-acorn.</p>

<p><col><b>At sea</b></col>, <cd>upon the ocean; away from land;
figuratively, without landmarks for guidance; lost; at the mercy of
circumstances.</cd> "To say the old man was <i>at sea</i> would be too
feeble an expression." <i>G. W. Cable</i> -- <col><b>At full
sea</b></col> <cd>at the height of flood tide; hence, at the
height.</cd> "But now God's mercy was <i>at full sea</i>." <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i> -- <col><b>Beyond seas</b></col>, or <col><b>Beyond the
sea</b></col> or <col><b>the seas</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>out of
the state, territory, realm, or country.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i> --
<col><b>Half seas over</b></col>, <cd>half drunk.</cd> [Colloq.]
<i>Spectator.</i> -- <col><b>Heavy sea</b></col>, <cd>a sea in which
the waves run high.</cd> -- <col><b>Long sea</b></col>, <cd>a sea
characterized by the uniform and steady motion of long and extensive
waves.</cd> -- <col><b>Short sea</b></col>, <cd>a sea in which the
waves are short, broken, and irregular, so as to produce a tumbling or
jerking motion.</cd> -- <col><b>To go to sea</b></col>, <cd>to adopt
the calling or occupation of a sailor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea" a"corn</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An acorn
barnacle (<i>Balanus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ad"der</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The European fifteen-spined stickleback (<i>Gasterosteus
spinachia</i>); -- called also <i>bismore</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The European tanglefish, or pipefish
(<i>Syngnathus acus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" an"chor</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <i>Drag
sail</i>, under 4th <u>Drag</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" a*nem"o*ne</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of soft-bodied Anthozoa, belonging to the order
Actinaria; an actinian.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They have the oral disk surrounded by one or more circles of
simple tapering tentacles, which are often very numerous, and when
expanded somewhat resemble the petals of flowers, with colors varied
and often very beautiful.</p>

<p><hw>Sea" ape`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The thrasher shark.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sea
otter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ap"ple</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of a West
Indian palm (<i>Manicaria Plukenetii</i>), often found floating in the
sea.</def> <i>A. Grisebach.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ar"row</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A squid of the
genus <i>Ommastrephes</i>. See <u>Squid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bank`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
seashore.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bank or mole to defend against the
sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-bar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A tern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bar"row</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea
purse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bass`</hw>. (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A large marine food fish (<i>Serranus, or Centropristis,
atrarius</i>) which abounds on the Atlantic coast of the United
States. It is dark bluish, with black bands, and more or less varied
with small white spots and blotches. Called also, locally, <i>blue
bass</i>, <i>black sea bass</i>, <i>blackfish</i>, <i>bluefish</i>,
and <i>black perch</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A California
food fish (<i>Cynoscion nobile</i>); -- called also <i>white sea
bass</i>, and <i>sea salmon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bat`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Batfish</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"beach`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A beach lying
along the sea.</def> "The bleak <i>seabeach</i>."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bean</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Florida
bean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bear`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any fur seal. See under <u>Fur</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The white bear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"beard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
green seaweed (<i>Cladophora rupestris</i>) growing in dense
tufts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" beast`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large marine
mammal, as a seal, walrus, or cetacean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bird`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any swimming bird
frequenting the sea; a sea fowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" blite`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant
(<i>Su&aelig;da maritima</i>) of the Goosefoot family, growing in salt
marshes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-blub"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A jellyfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sea</i> +
<i>board</i>, F. <i>bord</i> side.] <def>The seashore; seacoast.</def>
<i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"board`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bordering upon, or
being near, the sea; seaside; seacoast; as, a <i>seaboard</i>
town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"board`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
sea.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sea"boat`</hw> (?). [AS. <i>s&aemacr;b&amacr;t</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A boat or vessel adapted to the open sea;
hence, a vessel considered with reference to her power of resisting a
storm, or maintaining herself in a heavy sea; as, a good <i>sea
boat</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A chiton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"bord`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seaboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-bor"der*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bordering
on the sea; situated beside the sea.</def> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Born of the sea; produced by the sea.</def> "Neptune and his
<i>sea-born</i> niece." <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Born at sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bounded by the
sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bow`</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Marine rainbow</i>, under
<u>Rainbow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" boy`</hw> (?). <def>A boy employed on shipboard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" breach`</hw> (?). <def>A breaking or overflow of a bank or
a dike by the sea.</def> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bream`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several species of sparoid fishes, especially the common European
species (<i>Pagellus centrodontus</i>), the Spanish (<i>P. Oweni</i>),
and the black sea bream (<i>Cantharus lineatus</i>); -- called also
<i>old wife</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" brief`</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>Sea letter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" bug`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
chiton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-built`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Built at, in,
or by the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" but"ter*fly`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
pteropod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cab"bage</hw> (?; 48). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <i>Sea
kale</i>, under <u>Kale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" calf`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ca*na"ry</hw> (?). [So called from a whistling sound which
it makes.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The beluga, or white
whale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cap"tain</hw> (?). <def>The captain of a vessel that sails
upon the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" card`</hw> (?). <def>Mariner's card, or compass.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sea" cat`fish</hw> (?). <hw>Sea" cat`</hw> (?). }
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The wolf fish.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any marine siluroid fish, as
<i>&AElig;lurichthys marinus</i>, and <i>Arinus felis</i>, of the
eastern coast of the United States. Many species are found on the
coasts of Central and South America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" chart`</hw> (?). <def>A chart or map on which the lines of
the shore, islands, shoals, harbors, etc., are delineated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" chick"weed`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fleshy plant
(<i>Arenaria peploides</i>) growing in large tufts in the sands of the
northern Atlantic seacoast; -- called also <i>sea sandwort</i>, and
<i>sea purslane</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" clam`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the
large bivalve mollusks found on the open seacoast, especially those of
the family <i>Mactrid&aelig;</i>, as the common American species.
(<i>Mactra, or Spisula, solidissima</i>); -- called also <i>beach
clam</i>, and <i>surf clam</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" coal`</hw> (?). <def>Coal brought by sea; -- a name by
which mineral coal was formerly designated in the south of England, in
distinction from <i>charcoal</i>, which was brought by land.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sea-coal facing</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>facing
consisting of pulverized bituminous coal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea"coast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The shore or
border of the land adjacent to the sea or ocean. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cob`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The black-backed
gull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cock`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a steamship, a
cock or valve close to the vessel's side, for closing a pipe which
communicates with the sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
black-bellied plover.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A gurnard, as the
European red gurnard (<i>Trigla pini</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" co"coa</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A magnificent palm
(<i>Lodoicea Sechellarum</i>) found only in the Seychelles Islands.
The fruit is an immense two-lobed nut. It was found floating in the
Indian Ocean before the tree was known, and called <i>sea
cocoanut</i>, and <i>double cocoanut</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" col"an*der</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large blackfish
seaweed (<i>Agarum Turneri</i>), the frond of which is punctured with
many little holes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cole"wort`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Sea
cabbage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" com"pass</hw> (?). <def>The mariner's compass. See under
<u>Compass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" coot`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A scoter
duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" corn`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A yellow
cylindrical mass of egg capsules of certain species of whelks
(<i>Buccinum</i>), which resembles an ear of maize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cow`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The mantee.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The dugong.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The walrus.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sea" craw"fish`</hw> (?). <hw>Sea" cray"fish`</hw> (?). }
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any crustacean of the genus <i>Palinurus</i>
and allied genera, as the European spiny lobster (<i>P. vulgaris</i>),
which is much used as an article of food. See
<u>Lobster</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" crow`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The chough.</def> [Ireland] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
cormorant.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The blackheaded pewit, and
other gulls.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The skua.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The razorbill.</def> [Orkney Islands]
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>The coot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" cu"cum*ber</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large
holothurian, especially one of those belonging to the genus
<i>Pentacta</i>, or <i>Cucumaria</i>, as the common American and
European species. (<i>P. frondosa</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" dace`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European sea
perch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" daf"fo*dil</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A European
amaryllidaceous plant (<i>Pancratium maritimum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" dev`il</hw> (?) <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any very large ray, especially any species of the genus
<i>Manta</i> or <i>Cephaloptera</i>, some of which become more than
twenty feet across and weigh several tons. See also <i>Ox ray</i>,
under <u>Ox</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any large cephalopod,
as a large Octopus, or a giant squid (<i>Architeuthis</i>). See
<u>Devilfish</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The angler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" dog`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The dogfish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The common
seal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old sailor; a salt.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sea" dot"ter*el</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
turnstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" dove`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The little auk,
or rotche. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Rotche</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" drag"on</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A dragonet, or sculpin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
pegasus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" drake`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pewit
gull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" duck`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of ducks which frequent the seacoasts and feed mainly
on fishes and mollusks. The scoters, eiders, old squaw, and ruddy duck
are examples. They may be distinguished by the lobate hind
toe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ea"gle</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of fish-eating eagles of the genus
<i>Hali&aelig;etus</i> and allied genera, as the North Pacific sea
eagle (<i>H. pelagicus</i>), which has white shoulders, head, rump,
and tail; the European white-tailed eagle (<i>H. albicilla</i>); and
the Indian white-tailed sea eagle, or fishing eagle
(<i>Polioa&euml;tus ichthya&euml;tus</i>). The bald eagle and the
osprey are also sometimes classed as <i>sea eagles</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The eagle ray. See
under <u>Ray</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-ear`</hw> (s&emacr;"&emacr;r`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of ear-shaped shells of the genus
<i>Haliotis</i>. See <u>Abalone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" eel`</hw> (s&emacr;" &emacr;l`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The conger eel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" egg`</hw> (s&emacr;" &ebreve;g`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A sea urchin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" el"e*phant</hw> (s&emacr;" &emacr;"&esl;*f<i>a</i>nt).
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large seal (<i>Macrorhinus
proboscideus</i>) of the Antarctic seas, much hunted for its oil. It
sometimes attains a length of thirty feet, and is remarkable for the
prolongation of the nose of the adult male into an erectile elastic
proboscis, about a foot in length. Another species of smaller size
(<i>M. angustirostris</i>) occurs on the coast of Lower California,
but is now nearly extinct.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1297 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fan`</hw> (s&emacr;" f&abreve;n`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any gorgonian which branches in a fanlike form, especially
<i>Gorgonia flabellum</i> of Florida and the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"far`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sea + <i>fare</i>.]
<def>One who follows the sea as a business; a mariner; a
sailor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"far`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Following the
business of a mariner; as, a <i>seafaring</i> man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" feath"er</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any gorgonian
which branches in a plumelike form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fen"nel</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Samphire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fern"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any gorgonian
which branches like a fern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fight`</hw> (?). <def>An engagement between ships at sea;
a naval battle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fir`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sertularian
hydroid, especially <i>Sertularia abietina</i>, which branches like a
miniature fir tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" flow"er</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea anemone,
or any related anthozoan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" foam`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foam of sea
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Meerschaum; -- called also
<i>sea froth</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fowl`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bird which
habitually frequents the sea, as an auk, gannet, gull, tern, or
petrel; also, all such birds, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" fox`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The thrasher
shark. See <u>Thrasher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" froth`</hw> (?; 115). <def>See <u>Sea foam</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sea"-gate`</hw>, <hw>Sea"-gait`</hw> }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A long, rolling swell of the sea.</def> <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" gauge`</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Gauge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sea" gher`kin</hw> (?), or <hw>Sea" gir"kin</hw> (?) }.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small holothurian resembling in form a
gherkin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" gin"ger</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hydroid coral
of the genus Millepora, especially <i>M. alcicornis</i>, of the West
Indies and Florida. So called because it stings the tongue like
ginger. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Millepore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" gir"dles</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of kelp
(<i>Laminaria digitata</i>) with palmately cleft fronds; -- called
also <i>sea wand</i>, <i>seaware</i>, and <i>tangle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"girt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Surrounded by the
water of the sea or ocean; as, a <i>seagirt</i> isle.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" god`</hw> (?). <def>A marine deity; a fabulous being
supposed to live in, or have dominion over, the sea, or some
particular sea or part of the sea, as Neptune.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" god"dess</hw> (?). <def>A goddess supposed to live in or
reign over the sea, or some part of the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"go`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going upon the
sea; especially, sailing upon the deep sea; -- used in distinction
from <i>coasting</i> or <i>river</i>, as applied to vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" goose`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
phalarope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" gown`</hw> (?). <def>A gown or frock with short sleeves,
formerly worn by mariners.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" grape`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The gulf weed. See under <u>Gulf</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A shrubby plant (<i>Coccoloba uvifera</i>)
growing on the sandy shores of tropical America, somewhat resembling
the grapevine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The clusters
of gelatinous egg capsules of a squid (<i>Loligo</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" grass`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Eelgrass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" green`</hw> (?). <def>The green color of sea
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-green`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a beautiful
bluish green color, like sea water on soundings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" gud"geon</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
black goby (<i>Gobius niger</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" gull`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any gull living
on the seacoast.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se"ah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Jewish dry
measure containing one third of an ephah.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" hare`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
tectibranchiate mollusk of the genus Aplysia. See
<u>Aplysia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" hawk`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A jager
gull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" heath`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A low perennial plant
(<i>Frankenia l&aelig;vis</i>) resembling heath, growing along the
seashore in Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" hedge"hog`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea
urchin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" hen`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
guillemot; -- applied also to various other sea birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" hog`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
porpoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" hol"ly</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An evergeen seashore
plant (<i>Eryngium maritimum</i>). See <u>Eryngium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" holm`</hw> (?). <def>A small uninhabited island.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" holm`</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Sea holly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" horse`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fabulous
creature, half horse and half fish, represented in classic mythology
as driven by sea dogs or ridden by the Nereids. It is also depicted in
heraldry. See <u>Hippocampus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
walrus.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any fish of the genus
Hippocampus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a passage of Dryden's, the word is supposed to refer to
the hippopotamus.</p>

<p><hw>Sea" hul"ver</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Sea holly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-is`land</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to certain islands along the coast of South Carolina and
Georgia; as, <i>sea-island</i> cotton, a superior cotton of long fiber
produced on those islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" jel"ly</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A medusa, or
jellyfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Soap prepared for use
in milling cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" kale"</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Kale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" king`</hw> (?). <def>One of the leaders among the Norsemen
who passed their lives in roving the seas in search of plunder and
adventures; a Norse pirate chief. See the Note under
<u>Viking</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seal</hw> (s&emacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sele</i>,
AS. <i>seolh</i>; akin to OHG. <i>selah</i>, Dan. <i>s&aelig;l</i>,
Sw. <i>sj&auml;l</i>, Icel. <i>selr</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
aquatic carnivorous mammal of the families <i>Phocid&aelig;</i> and
<i>Otariid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Seals inhabit seacoasts, and are found principally in the
higher latitudes of both hemispheres. There are numerous species,
bearing such popular names as <i>sea lion</i>, <i>sea leopard</i>,
<i>sea bear</i>, or <i>ursine seal</i>, <i>fur seal</i>, and <i>sea
elephant</i>. The bearded seal (<i>Erignathus barbatus</i>), the
hooded seal (<i>Cystophora cristata</i>), and the ringed seal
(<i>Phoca f&oelig;tida</i>), are northern species. See also <i>Eared
seal</i>, <i>Harp seal</i>, <i>Monk seal</i>, and <i>Fur seal</i>,
under <u>Eared</u>, <u>Harp</u>, <u>Monk</u>, and <u>Fur</u>. Seals
are much hunted for their skins and fur, and also for their oil, which
in some species is very abundant.</p>

<p><col><b>Harbor seal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common
seal (<i>Phoca vitulina</i>). It inhabits both the North Atlantic and
the North Pacific Ocean, and often ascends rivers; -- called also
<i>marbled seal</i>, <i>native seal</i>, <i>river seal</i>, <i>bay
seal</i>, <i>land seal</i>, <i>sea calf</i>, <i>sea cat</i>, <i>sea
dog</i>, <i>dotard</i>, <i>ranger</i>, <i>selchie</i>,
<i>tangfish</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>seel</i>, OF.
<i>seel</i>, F. <i>sceau</i>, fr. L. <i>sigillum</i> a little figure
or image, a seal, dim. of <i>signum</i> a mark, sign, figure, or
image. See <u>Sign</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sigil</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An engraved or inscribed stamp, used for
marking an impression in wax or other soft substance, to be attached
to a document, or otherwise used by way of authentication or
security.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wax, wafer, or other tenacious substance,
set to an instrument, and impressed or stamped with a seal; as, to
give a deed under hand and <i>seal</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till thou canst rail the <i>seal</i> from off my
bond<BR>
Thou but offend'st thy lungs to speak so loud.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which seals or fastens; esp., the wax
or wafer placed on a letter or other closed paper, etc., to fasten
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which confirms, ratifies, or makes
stable; that which authenticates; that which secures; assurance.</def>
"Under the <i>seal</i> of silence." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a red <i>seal</i> is the setting sun<BR>
On the good and the evil men have done.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An arrangement for preventing the entrance
or return of gas or air into a pipe, by which the open end of the pipe
dips beneath the surface of water or other liquid, or a deep bend or
sag in the pipe is filled with the liquid; a draintrap.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Great seal</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Great</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Privy seal</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Privy</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Seal lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock
in which the keyhole is covered by a seal in such a way that the lock
can not be opened without rupturing the seal.</cd> -- <col><b>Seal
manual</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Manual</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Seal ring</b></col>, <cd>a ring
having a seal engraved on it, or ornamented with a device resembling a
seal; a signet ring.</cd> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sealed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sealing</u>.] [OE. <i>selen</i>; cf. OF. <i>seeler</i>,
<i>seieler</i>, F. <i>sceller</i>, LL. <i>sigillare</i>. See
<u>Seal</u> a stamp.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set or affix a seal
to; hence, to authenticate; to confirm; to ratify; to establish; as,
to <i>seal</i> a deed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And with my hand I <i>seal</i> my true heart's
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark with a stamp, as an evidence of
standard exactness, legal size, or merchantable quality; as, to
<i>seal</i> weights and measures; to <i>seal</i> silverware.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fasten with a seal; to attach together
with a wafer, wax, or other substance causing adhesion; as, to
<i>seal</i> a letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to shut close; to keep close; to
make fast; to keep secure or secret.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Seal</i> up your lips, and give no words but
"mum".</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To fix, as a piece of iron in a wall, with
cement, plaster, or the like.</def> <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To close by means of a seal; as, to
<i>seal</i> a drainpipe with water. See 2d <u>Seal</u>, 5.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Among the Mormons, to confirm or set apart
as a second or additional wife.</def> [Utah, U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If a man once married desires a second helpmate . . .
she is <i>sealed</i> to him under the solemn sanction of the
church.</blockquote> <i>H. Stansbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To affix one's seal, or
a seal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>seal</i> unto this bond.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" la"ces</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of seaweed
(<i>Chorda Filum</i>) having blackish cordlike fronds, often many feet
long.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" lam"prey</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
lamprey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" lan"guage</hw> (?). <def>The peculiar language or
phraseology of seamen; sailor's cant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" lark`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The rock pipit (<i>Anthus obscurus</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several small sandpipers and
plovers, as the ringed plover, the turnstone, the dunlin, and the
sanderling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" lav"en*der</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <i>Marsh
rosemary</i>, under <u>Marsh</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" law"yer</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The gray
snapper. See under <u>Snapper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seal"-brown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a rich dark
brown color, like the fur of the fur seal after it is dyed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" legs`</hw> (?). <def>Legs able to maintain their possessor
upright in stormy weather at sea, that is, ability to stand or walk
steadily on deck when a vessel is rolling or pitching in a rough
sea.</def> [Sailor's Cant] <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" lem"on</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several species of nudibranchiate mollusks of the genus Doris and
allied genera, having a smooth, thick, convex yellow body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" leop"ard</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several species of spotted seals, especially <i>Ogmorhinus
leptonyx</i>, and <i>Leptonychotes Weddelli</i>, of the Antarctic
Ocean. The North Pacific sea leopard is the harbor seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who seals;
especially, an officer whose duty it is to seal writs or instruments,
to stamp weights and measures, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sealer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mariner or a vessel
engaged in the business of capturing seals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" let"ter</hw> (?). <i>(Mar. Law.)</i> <def>The customary
certificate of national character which neutral merchant vessels are
bound to carry in time of war; a passport for a vessel and
cargo.</def> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" let"tuce</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The green papery
fronds of several seaweeds of the genus <i>Ulva</i>, sometimes used as
food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" lev"el</hw> (?). <def>The level of the surface of the sea;
any surface on the same level with the sea.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sealgh</hw> (?), <hw>Selch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> }.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A seal.</def> [Scotch]</p>

<p><hw>Sea" lil"y</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
crinoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seal"ing wax`</hw> (?). <def>A compound of the resinous
materials, pigments, etc., used as a material for seals, as for
letters, documents, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" li"on</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several large species of seals of the family <i>Otariid&aelig;</i>
native of the Pacific Ocean, especially the southern sea lion
(<i>Otaria jubata</i>) of the South American coast; the northern sea
lion (<i>Eumetopias Stelleri</i>) found from California to Japan; and
the black, or California, sea lion (<i>Zalophus Californianus</i>),
which is common on the rocks near San Francisco.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" loach"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The three-
bearded rockling. See <u>Rockling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" louse`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of isopod crustaceans of <i>Cymothoa</i>,
<i>Livoneca</i>, and allied genera, mostly parasites on
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seam</hw> (s&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Saim</u>.]
<def>Grease; tallow; lard.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] <i>Shak.</i>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>seem</i>, <i>seam</i>,
AS. <i>se&aacute;m</i>; akin to D. <i>zoom</i>, OHG. <i>soum</i>, G.
<i>saum</i>, LG. <i>soom</i>, Icel. <i>saumr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>s&ouml;m</i>, and E. <i>sew</i>. &radic; 156. See <u>Sew</u> to
fasten with thread.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fold or line formed
by sewing together two pieces of cloth or leather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a line of junction; a joint; a
suture, as on a ship, a floor, or other structure; the line of union,
or joint, of two boards, planks, metal plates, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Precepts should be so finely wrought together . . .
that no coarse <i>seam</i> may discover where they join.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol. &amp; Mining)</i> <def>A thin layer or
stratum; a narrow vein between two thicker strata; as, a <i>seam</i>
of coal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A line or depression left by a cut or
wound; a scar; a cicatrix.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seam blast</b></col>, <cd>a blast made by putting the
powder into seams or cracks of rocks.</cd> -- <col><b>Seam
lace</b></col>, <cd>a lace used by carriage makers to cover seams and
edges; -- called also <i>seaming lace</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Seam
presser</b></col>. <i>(Agric.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A heavy
roller to press down newly plowed furrows</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A tailor's sadiron for pressing seams.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Seam set</b></col>, <cd>a set for flattering the seams of
metal sheets, leather work, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seaming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form a seam upon or of; to
join by sewing together; to unite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark with something resembling a seam;
to line; to scar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Seamed</i> o'er with wounds which his own saber
gave.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make the appearance of a seam in, as in
knitting a stocking; hence, to knit with a certain stitch, like that
in such knitting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seam</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become ridgy; to
crack open.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Later their lips began to parch and
<i>seam</i>.</blockquote> <i>L. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>se&aacute;m</i>, LL.
<i>sauma</i>, L. <i>sagma</i> a packsaddle, fr. Gr. &?;. See
<u>Sumpter</u>.] <def>A denomination of weight or measure.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The quantity of eight bushels
of grain.</def> "A <i>seam</i> of oats." <i>P. Plowman.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The quantity of 120 pounds of glass.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sea"-maid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The mermaid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sea nymph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-mail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sea</i> +
(perhaps) <i>Mall</i> Mally, for <i>Mary</i>; hence, Prov. E.
<i>mally</i> a hare.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gull; the
mew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seamen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A merman; the male of the
mermaid.</def> [R.] "Not to mention mermaids or <i>seamen</i>."
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seamen</b></plw> (#). [AS. <i>s&aelig;man</i>.] <def>One whose
occupation is to assist in the management of ships at sea; a mariner;
a sailor; -- applied both to officers and common mariners, but
especially to the latter. Opposed to <i>landman</i>, or
<i>landsman</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Able seaman</b></col>, <cd>a sailor who is practically
conversant with all the duties of common seamanship.</cd> --
<col><b>Ordinary seaman</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Ordinary</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea"man*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or
showing the skill of a practical seaman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The skill of a
good seaman; the art, or skill in the art, of working a
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" man"tis</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
squilla.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1298 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sea" marge`</hw> (?). <def>Land which borders on the sea; the
seashore.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You are near the <i>sea marge</i> of a land teeming
with life.</blockquote> <i>J. Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any elevated
object on land which serves as a guide to mariners; a beacon; a
landmark visible from the sea, as a hill, a tree, a steeple, or the
like.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" mat`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bryozoan of
the genus <i>Flustra</i> or allied genera which form frondlike
corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" maw`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sea
mew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seamed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Falconry)</i>
<def>Out of condition; not in good condition; -- said of a
hawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-mell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The sea mew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" mew`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gull; the
mew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" mile`</hw> (?). <def>A geographical mile. See
<u>Mile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" milk"wort`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A low, fleshy
perennial herb (<i>Glaux maritima</i>) found along northern
seashores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seam"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of forming a seam or joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fishing)</i> <def>The cord or rope at the
margin of a seine, to which the meshes of the net are
attached.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seaming machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine for uniting the
edges of sheet-metal plates by bending them and pinching them
together.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seam"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
seam.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Christ's <i>seamless</i> coat, all of a
piece.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" monk`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Monk
seal</u>, under <u>Monk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" mon"ster</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large sea
animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" moss`</hw> (?; 115). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any branched
marine bryozoan resembling moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" mouse`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A dorsibranchiate annelid, belonging to <i>Aphrodite</i> and
allied genera, having long, slender, hairlike set&aelig; on the
sides.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The dunlin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seam"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Seamstress</u>.] <def>One who sews well, or whose occupation is to
sew.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Seam"stress</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From older
<i>seamster</i>, properly fem., AS. <i>se&aacute;mestre</i>. See
<u>Seam</u>.] <def>A woman whose occupation is sewing; a
needlewoman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seam"stress*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business
of a seamstress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" mud`</hw> (?). <def>A rich slimy deposit in salt marshes
and along the seashore, sometimes used as a manure; -- called also
<i>sea ooze</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seam"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a seam;
containing seams, or showing them.</def> "Many a <i>seamy</i> scar."
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Everything has its fair, as well as its <i>seamy</i>,
side.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seine. See
<u>Seine</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||S&eacute;`ance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>sedens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sedere</i> to sit. See
<u>Sit</u>.] <def>A session, as of some public body; especially, a
meeting of spiritualists to receive spirit communications, so
called.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" nee"dle</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Garfish</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" net`tle</hw> (?). <def>A jellyfish, or medusa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sean"na*chie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>seanachaidh</i>.] <def>A bard among the Highlanders of Scotland,
who preserved and repeated the traditions of the tribes; also, a
genealogist.</def> [Written also <i>sennachy</i>.] [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sea" on"ion</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The officinal squill.
See <u>Squill</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ooze`</hw> (?). <def>Same as <i>Sea mud</i>.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" or"ange</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large
American holothurian (<i>Lophothuria Fabricii</i>) having a bright
orange convex body covered with finely granulated scales. Its expanded
tentacles are bright red.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-orb`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A globefish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ot"ter</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An aquatic
carnivore (<i>Enhydris lutris, or marina</i>) found in the North
Pacific Ocean. Its fur is highly valued, especially by the Chinese. It
is allied to the common otter, but is larger, with feet more decidedly
webbed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sea-otter's cabbage</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a gigantic
kelp of the Pacific Ocean (<i>Nereocystis Lutkeana</i>). See
<u>Nereocystis</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea" owl`</hw> (s&emacr;" oul`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
lumpfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pad`</hw> (s&emacr;" p&abreve;d`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A starfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" par"rot</hw> (s&emacr;" p&abreve;r"r&ubreve;t).
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The puffin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" par"tridge</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The gilthead
(<i>Crenilabrus melops</i>), a fish of the British coasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pass`</hw> (?). <def>A document carried by neutral
merchant vessels in time of war, to show their nationality; a sea
letter or passport. See <u>Passport</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" peach`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A beautiful
American ascidian (<i>Cynthia, or Halocynthia, pyriformis</i>) having
the size, form, velvety surface, and color of a ripe peach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pear`</hw> (s&emacr;" p&acirc;r`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A pedunculated ascidian of the genus <i>Boltonia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-pen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A pennatula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" perch`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The European bass (<i>Roccus, or Labrax, lupus</i>); -- called
also <i>sea dace</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cunner.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The sea bass.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>The name is applied also to other species of fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pheas"ant</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pintail
duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pie`</hw> (s&emacr;" p&imacr;`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The oyster catcher, a limicoline bird of the genus
<i>H&aelig;matopus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pie`</hw>. <def>A dish of crust or pastry and meat or
fish, etc., cooked together in alternate layers, -- a common food of
sailors; as, a three-decker <i>sea pie</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A picture
representing a scene at sea; a marine picture.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pi"et</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Sea
pie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pig`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A porpoise or dolphin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
dugong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pi"geon</hw> (?). <def>The common guillemot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pike`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The garfish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A large serranoid
food fish (<i>Centropomus undecimalis</i>) found on both coasts of
America; -- called also <i>robalo</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The merluce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pin`cush`ion</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sea purse.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
pentagonal starfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pink`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Thrift</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" plov"er</hw> (?). <def>The black-bellied plover.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sea" poach"er</hw> (s&emacr;" p&omacr;ch"&etilde;r). <hw>Sea"
pok"er</hw> (s&emacr;" p&omacr;k"&etilde;r). } <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The lyrie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pool`</hw> (?). <def>A pool of salt water.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pop"py</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The horn poppy. See
under <u>Horn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" por"cu*pine</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any fish of
the genus <i>Diodon</i>, and allied genera, whose body is covered with
spines. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Diodon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pork`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American
compound ascidian (<i>Amor&oelig;cium stellatum</i>) which forms large
whitish masses resembling salt pork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" port`</hw> (s&emacr;"p&omacr;rt`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A port on the seashore, or one accessible for seagoing vessels.
Also used adjectively; as, a <i>seaport</i> town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"poy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sepoy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pud"ding</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large
holothurian.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sea" purse`</hw> (s&emacr;" p&ucirc;rs`). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The horny egg case of a skate, and of certain sharks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" purs"lane</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Purslane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" pye`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Sea
pie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" py"ot</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Sea
pie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" quail`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
turnstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"quake`</hw> (s&emacr;"kw&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A quaking of the sea.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sear</hw>, <hw>Sere</hw> (s&emacr;r) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>seer</i>, AS. <i>se&aacute;r</i> (assumed) fr.
<i>se&aacute;rian</i> to wither; akin to D. <i>zoor</i> dry, LG.
<i>soor</i>, OHG. <i>sor&emacr;n</i> to wither, Gr. <grk>a"y`ein</grk>
to parch, to dry, Skr. <i>&ccedil;ush</i> (for <i>sush</i>) to dry, to
wither, Zend <i>hush</i> to dry.  &radic;152.  Cf. <u>Austere</u>,
<u>Sorrel</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Dry; withered; no longer
green; -- applied to leaves.</def> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have lived long enough; my way of life<BR>
Is fall'n into the <i>sear</i>, the yellow leaf.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Searing</u>.] [OE. <i>seeren</i>, AS. <i>se&aacute;rian</i>. See
<u>Sear</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wither;
to dry up.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To burn (the surface of) to dryness and
hardness; to cauterize; to expose to a degree of heat such as changes
the color or the hardness and texture of the surface; to scorch; to
make callous; as, to <i>sear</i> the skin or flesh. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'm <i>seared</i> with burning steel.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was in vain that the amiable divine tried to give
salutary pain to that <i>seared</i> conscience.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The discipline of war, being a discipline in
destruction of life, is a discipline in callousness. Whatever
sympathies exist are <i>seared</i>.</blockquote> <i>H.
Spencer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sear</i> is allied to <i>scorch</i> in signification; but
it is applied primarily to animal flesh, and has special reference to
the effect of heat in marking the surface <i>hard</i>. <i>Scorch</i>
is applied to flesh, cloth, or any other substance, and has no
reference to the effect of hardness.</p>

<p><col><b>To sear up</b></col>, <cd>to close by searing.</cd>
"Cherish veins of good humor, and <i>sear</i> up those of ill." <i>Sir
W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>serre</i> a grasp,
pressing, fr. L. <i>sera</i>. See <u>Serry</u>.] <def>The catch in a
gunlock by which the hammer is held cocked or half cocked.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sear spring</b></col>, <cd>the spring which causes the sear
to catch in the notches by which the hammer is held.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea" rat`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pirate.</def>
[R.] <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
chim&aelig;ra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ra"ven</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An American cottoid fish (<i>Hemitripterus Americanus</i>) allied
to the sculpins, found on the northern Atlantic coasts.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The cormorant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Searce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sarse</u>.]
<def>A fine sieve.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Searce</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sift; to
bolt.</def> [Obs.] <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sear"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sifts or bolts.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A searce, or sieve.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Search</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Searched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Searching</u>.] [OE. <i>serchen</i>, <i>cerchen</i>, OF.
<i>cerchier</i>, F. <i>chercher</i>, L. <i>circare</i> to go about,
fr. L. <i>circum</i>, <i>circa</i>, around. See <u>Circle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To look over or through, for the purpose of
finding something; to examine; to explore; as, to <i>search</i> the
city.</def> "<i>Search</i> the Scriptures." <i>John v. 39.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are come to <i>search</i> the house.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Search</i> me, O God, and know my
heart.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxxix. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inquire after; to look for; to
seek.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will both <i>search</i> my sheep, and seek them
out.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxxiv. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Enough is left besides to <i>search</i> and
know.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To examine or explore by feeling with an
instrument; to probe; as, to <i>search</i> a wound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To examine; to try; to put to the
test.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To search out</b></col>, <cd>to seek till found; to find by
seeking; as, to <i>search out</i> truth.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To explore; examine; scrutinize; seek; investigate;
pry into; inquire.</p>

<p><hw>Search</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To seek; to look for
something; to make inquiry, exploration, or examination; to
hunt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Once more <i>search</i> with me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It sufficeth that they have once with care sifted the
matter, and <i>searched</i> into all the particulars.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Search</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>cerche</i>. See
<u>Search</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The act of seeking or
looking for something; quest; inquiry; pursuit for finding something;
examination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus the orb he roamed<BR>
With narrow <i>search</i>, and with inspection deep<BR>
Considered every creature.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor did my <i>search</i> of liberty begin<BR>
Till my black hairs were changed upon my chin.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Right of search</b></col> <i>(Mar. Law)</i>, <cd>the right
of the lawfully commissioned cruisers of belligerent nations to
examine and search private merchant vessels on the high seas, for the
enemy's property or for articles contraband of war.</cd> --
<col><b>Search warrant</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a warrant legally
issued, authorizing an examination or search of a house, or other
place, for goods stolen, secreted, or concealed.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Scrutiny; examination; exploration; investigation;
research; inquiry; quest; pursuit.</p>

<p><hw>Search"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being searched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Search"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being searchable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Search"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>cercheor</i> inspector.] <def>One who, or that which, searches or
examines; a seeker; an inquirer; an examiner; a trier.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, an officer in London
appointed to examine the bodies of the dead, and report the cause of
death.</def> <i>Graunt.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An officer of the
customs whose business it is to search ships, merchandise, luggage,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An inspector of leather.</def>
[Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>An instrument for
examining the bore of a cannon, to detect cavities.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>An implement for sampling butter; a butter
trier.</def> <sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument for
feeling after calculi in the bladder, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Search"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exploring
thoroughly; scrutinizing; penetrating; trying; as, a <i>searching</i>
discourse; a <i>searching</i> eye.</def> "Piercing, <i>searching</i>,
biting, cold." <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Search"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Search"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Search"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impossible to be
searched; inscrutable; impenetrable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sear"cloth`</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cerecloth.</def> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sear"cloth</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover, as a
sore, with cerecloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Scorched;
cauterized; hence, figuratively, insensible; not susceptible to moral
influences.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>seared</i> conscience and a remorseless
heart.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sear"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being seared or callous; insensibility.</def> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" reed`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The sea-sand reed. See
under <u>Reed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" risk</hw> (?). <def>Risk of injury, destruction, or loss
by the sea, or while at sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" rob"ber</hw> (?). <def>A pirate; a sea rover.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" rob"in</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Robin</u>, and
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" rock"et</hw> (?).<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Rocket</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" room`</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Room or space at sea
for a vessel to maneuver, drive, or scud, without peril of running
ashore or aground.</def> <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" rov"er</hw> (?). <def>One that cruises or roves the sea
for plunder; a sea robber; a pirate; also, a piratical
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-rov"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cruising at random
on the ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" salm"on</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A young pollock.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The spotted
squeteague.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>See <u>Sea bass</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" salt`</hw> (?). <def>Common salt, obtained from sea water
by evaporation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" sand"pi`per</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The purple
sandpiper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" sand"wort`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Sea
chickweed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" sau"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any marine saurian; esp. <i>(Paleon.)</i>,
the large extinct species of Mosasaurus, Ichthyosaurus, Plesiosaurus,
and related genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"scape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Landscape</u>.] <def>A picture representing a scene at sea.</def>
[Jocose] <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1299 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sea" scor"pi*on</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A European sculpin (<i>Cottus scorpius</i>)
having the head armed with short spines.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The scorpene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" scurf`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any bryozoan
which forms rounded or irregular patches of coral on stones, seaweeds,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ser"pent</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any marine snake. See <u>Sea snake</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large marine animal
of unknown nature, often reported to have been seen at sea, but never
yet captured.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many accounts of sea serpents are imaginary or fictitious;
others are greatly exaggerated and distorted by incompetent observers;
but a number have been given by competent and trustworthy persons,
which indicate that several diverse animals have been called sea
serpents. Among these are, apparently, several large snakelike fishes,
as the oar fish, or ribbon fish (<i>Regalecus</i>), and huge conger
eels. Other accounts probably refer to the giant squids
(<i>Architeuthis</i>). Some of the best accounts seem to describe a
marine saurian, like the fossil Mosasauri, which were large
serpentlike creatures with paddles.</p>

<p><hw>Sea"shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The shell of any marine mollusk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"shore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The coast of the sea; the land that lies adjacent to the sea or
ocean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>All the ground between the
ordinary high-water and low-water marks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"sick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
seasickness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"sick`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The peculiar
sickness, characterized by nausea and prostration, which is caused by
the pitching or rolling of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The land
bordering on, or adjacent to, the sea; the seashore. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" slat"er</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any isopod
crustacean of the genus <i>Ligia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" slug`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A holothurian.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A nudibranch
mollusk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" snail`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A small fish of the genus <i>Liparis</i>, having a ventral
sucker. It lives among stones and seaweeds.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any small creeping marine gastropod, as the species of Littorina,
Natica, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" snake`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of many
species of venomous aquatic snakes of the family
<i>Hydrophid&aelig;</i>, having a flattened tail and living entirely
in the sea, especially in the warmer parts of the Indian and Pacific
Oceans. They feed upon fishes, and are mostly of moderate size, but
some species become eight or ten feet long and four inches
broad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" snipe`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A sandpiper, as the knot and dunlin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The bellows fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sesoun</i>, F.
<i>saison</i>, properly, the sowing time, fr. L. <i>satio</i> a
sowing, a planting, fr. <i>serere</i>, <i>satum</i>, to sow, plant;
akin to E. <i>sow</i>, v., to scatter, as seed.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of the divisions of the year, marked by alterations in the
length of day and night, or by distinct conditions of temperature,
moisture, etc., caused mainly by the relative position of the earth
with respect to the sun. In the north temperate zone, four seasons,
namely, spring, summer, autumn, and winter, are generally recognized.
Some parts of the world have three seasons, -- the dry, the rainy, and
the cold; other parts have but two, -- the dry and the
rainy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The several <i>seasons</i> of the year in their
beauty.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a period of time, especially as
regards its fitness for anything contemplated or done; a suitable or
convenient time; proper conjuncture; as, the <i>season</i> for
planting; the <i>season</i> for rest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>season</i>, prime for sweetest scents and
airs.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A period of time not very long; a while; a
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt be blind, not seeing the sun for a
<i>season</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xiii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which gives relish; seasoning.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You lack the <i>season</i> of all natures,
sleep.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In season</b></col>, <cd>in good time, or sufficiently
early for the purpose.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of season</b></col>,
<cd>beyond or out of the proper time or the usual or appointed
time.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seasoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seasoning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render suitable or
appropriate; to prepare; to fit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is fit and <i>seasoned</i> for his
passage.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fit for any use by time or habit; to
habituate; to accustom; to inure; to ripen; to mature; as, to
<i>season</i> one to a climate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to prepare by drying or hardening,
or removal of natural juices; as, to <i>season</i> timber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fit for taste; to render palatable; to
give zest or relish to; to spice; as, to <i>season</i> food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to fit for enjoyment; to render
agreeable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>season</i> still with sports your serious
hours.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The proper use of wit is to <i>season</i>
conversation.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To qualify by admixture; to moderate; to
temper.</def> "When mercy <i>seasons</i> justice." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To imbue; to tinge or taint.</def> "Who by
his tutor being <i>seasoned</i> with the love of the truth."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Season</i> their younger years with prudent and
pious principles.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To copulate with; to impregnate.</def> [R.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become mature; to grow fit for use; to become adapted to a
climate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become dry and hard, by the escape of
the natural juices, or by being penetrated with other substance; as,
timber <i>seasons</i> in the sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give token; to savor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Occurring in
good time, in due season, or in proper time for the purpose; suitable
to the season; opportune; timely; as, a <i>seasonable</i> supply of
rain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mercy is <i>seasonable</i> in the time of
affliction.</blockquote> <i>Ecclus. xxxv. 20.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sea"son*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sea"son*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
seasoning.</def> [Obs.] <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the seasons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seasonal dimorphism</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
condition of having two distinct varieties which appear at different
seasons, as certain species of butterflies in which the spring brood
differs from the summer or autumnal brood.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, seasons, or gives a relish; a seasoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process by which anything is seasoned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is added to any species of food,
to give it a higher relish, as salt, spices, etc.; a
condiment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, something added to enhance enjoyment
or relieve dullness; as, wit is the <i>seasoning</i> of
conversation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Political speculations are of so dry and austere a
nature, that they will not go down with the public without frequent
<i>seasonings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Seasoning tub</b></col> <i>(Bakery)</i>, <cd>a trough in
which dough is set to rise.</cd> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"son*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without succession
of the seasons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" spi"der</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any maioid crab; a spider crab. See <u>Maioid</u>, and <i>Spider
crab</i>, under <u>Spider</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
pycnogonid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" squirt`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An ascidian.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Tunicata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" star`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A starfish, or
brittle star.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" sur"geon</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A surgeon
fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" swal"low</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The common tern.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The storm petrel.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
gannet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>See <i>Cornish chough</i>,
under <u>Chough</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seat</hw> (s&emacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sete</i>,
Icel. <i>s&aelig;ti</i>; akin to Sw. <i>s&auml;te</i>, Dan.
<i>s&aelig;de</i>, MHG. <i>s&amacr;ze</i>, AS. <i>set</i>,
<i>setl</i>, and E. <i>sit</i>. &radic;154. See <u>Sit</u>, and cf.
<u>Settle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The place
or thing upon which one sits; hence; anything made to be sat in or
upon, as a chair, bench, stool, saddle, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Jesus . . . overthrew the tables of the money
changers, and the <i>seats</i> of them that sold doves.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xxi. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place occupied by anything, or where
any person or thing is situated, resides, or abides; a site; an abode,
a station; a post; a situation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where thou dwellest, even where Satan's <i>seat</i>
is.</blockquote> <i>Rev. ii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that builds a fair house upon an ill <i>seat</i>
committeth himself to prison.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>seat</i> of plenty, content, and
tranquillity.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That part of a thing on which a person
sits; as, the <i>seat</i> of a chair or saddle; the <i>seat</i> of a
pair of pantaloons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sitting; a right to sit; regular or
appropriate place of sitting; as, a <i>seat</i> in a church; a
<i>seat</i> for the season in the opera house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Posture, or way of sitting, on
horseback.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She had so good a <i>seat</i> and hand she might be
trusted with any mount.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A part or surface on which
another part or surface rests; as, a valve <i>seat</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seat worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
pinworm.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place on a seat; to cause
to sit down; as, to <i>seat</i> one's self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The guests were no sooner <i>seated</i> but they
entered into a warm debate.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to occupy a post, site, situation,
or the like; to station; to establish; to fix; to settle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus high . . . is King Richard
<i>seated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They had <i>seated</i> themselves in New
Guiana.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assign a seat to, or the seats of; to
give a sitting to; as, to <i>seat</i> a church, or persons in a
church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fix; to set firm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From their foundations, loosening to and fro,<BR>
They plucked the <i>seated</i> hills.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To settle; to plant with inhabitants; as to
<i>seat</i> a country.</def> [Obs.] <i>W. Stith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To put a seat or bottom in; as, to
<i>seat</i> a chair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rest; to lie
down.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" tang`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of seaweed;
tang; tangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To their nests of sedge and <i>sea
tang</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" term`</hw> (?). <def>A term used specifically by seamen; a
nautical word or phrase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" thief`</hw> (?). <def>A pirate.</def> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" thongs`</hw> (?; 115). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of
blackish seaweed (<i>Himanthalia lorea</i>) found on the northern
coasts of the Atlantic. It has a thonglike forking process rising from
a top-shaped base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seat"ing</hw> (s&emacr;t"&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of providing with a seat or seats; as,
the <i>seating</i> of an audience.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of making seats; also, the material
for making seats; as, cane <i>seating</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" tit"ling</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The rock
pipit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seat"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
seat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" toad`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A sculpin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A toadfish.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The angler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" trout`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any one of several species of true trouts which descend rivers
and enter the sea after spawning, as the European bull trout and
salmon trout, and the eastern American spotted trout.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The common squeteague, and the spotted
squeteague.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A California fish of the
family <i>Chirid&aelig;</i>, especially <i>Hexagrammus
decagrammus</i>; -- called also <i>spotted rock trout</i>. See <i>Rock
trout</i>, under <u>Rock</u>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A
California sci&aelig;noid fish (<i>Cynoscion nobilis</i>); -- called
also <i>white sea bass</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" trum"pet</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
great blackish seaweed of the Southern Ocean, having a hollow and
expanding stem and a pinnate frond, sometimes twenty feet
long.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large marine
univalve shell of the genus Triton. See <u>Triton</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" turn`</hw> (?). <def>A breeze, gale, or mist from the
sea.</def> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea" tur"tle</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any one of several very large species of chelonians having the
feet converted into paddles, as the green turtle, hawkbill,
loggerhead, and leatherback. They inhabit all warm seas.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sea pigeon, or guillemot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" u"ni*corn</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
narwhal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" ur"chin</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of echinoderms of the order Echinoidea.</def>  When
living they are covered with movable spines which are often long and
sharp.</p>

<p><hw>Seave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>siv</i>, Sw.
<i>s&auml;f</i>, Icel. <i>sef</i>.] <def>A rush.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seav`y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overgrown with
rushes.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sea" wall`</hw> (?). [AS. <i>s&aelig;weall</i>.] <def>A wall,
or embankment, to resist encroachments of the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"-walled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Surrounded,
bounded, or protected by the sea, as if by a wall.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sea"wan</hw> (?), <hw>Sea"want</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The name used by the Algonquin Indians for
the shell beads which passed among the Indians as money.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Seawan</i> was of two kinds; <i>wampum</i>, white, and
<i>suckanhock</i>, black or purple, -- the former having half the
value of the latter. Many writers, however, use the terms
<i>seawan</i> and <i>wampum</i> indiscriminately. <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"wand`</hw> . <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Sea
girdles</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Directed or
situated toward the sea.</def> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two still clouds . . . sparkled on their <i>seaward</i>
edges like a frosted fleece.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"ward</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
sea.</def> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>s&aemacr;w&amacr;r</i> seaweed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Seaweed; esp.,
coarse seaweed. See <u>Ware</u>, and <u>Sea girdles</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Popularly, any plant or plants growing in the sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any marine plant of the class
Alg&aelig;, as kelp, dulse, Fucus, Ulva, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" whip`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gorgonian
having a simple stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wid"geon</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The scaup duck.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pintail
duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"wife`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seawives</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European
wrasse (<i>Labrus vetula</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wil"low</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gorgonian
coral with long flexible branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wing`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wing shell
(<i>Avicula</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" with"wind`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of bindweed
(<i>Convolvulus Soldanella</i>) growing on the seacoast of
Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wolf`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The wolf fish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The European sea
perch.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The sea elephant.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A sea lion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wood"cock`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bar-
tailed godwit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wood" louse`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea
slater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" worm"wood`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A European species
of wormwood (<i>Artemisia maritima</i>) growing by the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea"wor`thi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being seaworthy, or able to resist the ordinary violence
of wind and weather.</def> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sea"wor`thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit for a
voyage; worthy of being trusted to transport a cargo with safety; as,
a <i>seaworthy</i> ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sea" wrack`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Wrack</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ba"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>sebaceus</i>, from L. <i>sebum</i> tallow, grease.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or secreting, fat; composed of
fat; having the appearance of fat; as, the <i>sebaceous</i> secretions
of some plants, or the <i>sebaceous</i> humor of animals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sebaceous cyst</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a cyst formed
by distention of a sebaceous gland, due to obstruction of its
excretory duct.</cd> -- <col><b>Sebaceous glands</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>small subcutaneous glands, usually connected with
hair follicles. They secrete an oily semifluid matter, composed in
great part of fat, which softens and lubricates the hair and
skin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se*bac"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sebum</i>
tallow: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;bacique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to fat; derived from, or resembling, fat; specifically,
designating an acid (formerly called also <i>sebic</i>, and
<i>pyroleic</i>, acid), obtained by the distillation or saponification
of certain oils (as castor oil) as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"bat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>sh&ebreve;b&amacr;t</i>.] <def>The eleventh month of the ancient
Hebrew year, approximately corresponding with February.</def> <i>W.
Smith (Bibl. Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"bate</hw> (s&emacr;"b\ddt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sebacic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*bes"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>sebest&amacr;n</i> the tree: cf. Sp. <i>sebesten</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The mucilaginous drupaceous fruit of two East
Indian trees (<i>Cordia Myxa</i>, and <i>C. latifolia</i>), sometimes
used medicinally in pectoral diseases.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the West Indies the name is given to the similar fruit of
<i>Cordia Sebestana</i>.</p>

<p><! p. 1300 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Se"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sebacic</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*bif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sebum</i>
tallow + <i>-ferous</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Producing vegetable tallow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Producing fat; sebaceous;
as, the <i>sebiferous</i>, or sebaceous, glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*bip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sebum</i>
tallow + <i>parere</i> to bring forth.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sebiferous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Seb"or*rhe*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sebum</i> tallow + Gr. &?; to flow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbidly
increased discharge of sebaceous matter upon the skin;
stearrhea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*ca"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of
grain.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of cereal grasses including
rye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"can*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Secant</u>.]
<def>A cutting; an intersection; as, the point of <i>secancy</i> of
one line by another.</def> [R.]  <i>Davies &amp; Peck (Math. Dict.
).</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cant</hw> (s&emacr;"k&abreve;nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>secans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>secare</i> to cut. See
<u>Section</u>.] <def>Cutting; dividing into two parts; as, a
<i>secant</i> line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Secant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;cante</i>. See <u>Secant</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A line that cuts another;
especially, a straight line cutting a curve in two or more
points.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Trig.)</i> <def>A right line drawn from the
center of a circle through one end of a circular arc, and terminated
by a tangent drawn from the other end; the number expressing the ratio
of this line to the radius of the circle. See <i>Trigonometrical
function</i>, under <u>Function</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sec"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<def>Dry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Secco painting</b></col>, or <col><b>Painting in
secco</b></col>, <cd>painting on dry plaster, as distinguished from
<i>fresco painting</i>, which is on wet or fresh plaster.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se"cede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seceded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seceding</u>.] [L. <i>secedere</i>, <i>secessum</i>; pref <i>se-
</i> aside + <i>cedere</i> to go, move. See <u>Cede</u>.] <def>To
withdraw from fellowship, communion, or association; to separate one's
self by a solemn act; to draw off; to retire; especially, to withdraw
from a political or religious body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ced"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who secedes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a numerous body
of Presbyterians in Scotland who seceded from the communion of the
Established Church, about the year 1733, and formed the Secession
Church, so called.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cern"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Secerned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Secerning</u>.] [L. <i>secernere</i>. See <u>Secrete</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate; to distinguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Averroes <i>secerns</i> a sense of titillation, and a
sense of hunger and thirst.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To secrete; as, mucus
<i>secerned</i> in the nose.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cern"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>secernens</i>, p. pr.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Secreting;
secretory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cern"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which promotes secretion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A vessel in, or by means of,
which the process of secretion takes place; a secreting
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cern"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The act or process of secreting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cess"</hw> (s&esl;*s&ebreve;s"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>secessus</i>. See <u>Secede</u>.] <def>Retirement; retreat;
secession.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*ces"sion</hw> (s&esl;*s&ebreve;sh"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>secessio</i>: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;cession</i>. See <u>Secede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of seceding; separation from fellowship or association
with others, as in a religious or political organization;
withdrawal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(U.S. Hist.)</i> <def>The withdrawal of a
State from the national Union.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Secession Church</b></col><cd> (in Scotland). See
<u>Seceder</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se*ces"sion*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine or policy of secession; the tenets of secession; the tenets
of secessionists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ces"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who upholds secession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(U.S. Hist.)</i> <def>One who holds to the
belief that a State has the right to separate from the Union at its
will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seche</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
seek.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"chi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;chion</i>; perhaps formed fr. Gr. &?; cucumber.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The edible fruit of a West Indian plant (<i>Sechium
edule</i>) of the Gourd family. It is soft, pear-shaped, and about
four inches long, and contains a single large seed. The root of the
plant resembles a yam, and is used for food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seck</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sec</i>, properly,
dry, L. <i>siccus</i>.] <def>Barren; unprofitable. See <i>Rent
seck</i>, under <u>Rent</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seck"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small reddish brown sweet and juicy pear. It originated on a farm near
Philadelphia, afterwards owned by a Mr. <i>Seckel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>saeculum</i>: cf.
F. <i>si&egrave;cle</i>. See <u>Secular</u>.] <def>A century.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*clude</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Secluded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Secluding</u>.] [L. <i>secludere</i>, <i>seclusum</i>; pref. <i>se-
</i> aside + <i>claudere</i> to shut. See <u>Close</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shut up apart from others; to
withdraw into, or place in, solitude; to separate from society or
intercourse with others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let Eastern tyrants from the light of heaven<BR>
<i>Seclude</i> their bosom slaves.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shut or keep out; to exclude.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Se*clud"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Se*clud"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se*clu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Seclude</u>.] <def>The act of secluding, or the state of being
secluded; separation from society or connection; a withdrawing;
privacy; as, to live in <i>seclusion</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O blest <i>seclusion</i> from a jarring world, which
he, thus occupied, enjoys!</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Solitude; separation; withdrawment; retirement;
privacy. See <u>Solitude</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Se*clu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
seclude; keeping in seclusion; secluding; sequestering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>secundus</i> second, properly, following, fr. <i>sequi</i> to
follow. See <u>Sue</u> to follow, and cf. <u>Secund</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Immediately following the first; next to the
first in order of place or time; hence, occurring again; another;
other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he slept and dreamed the <i>second</i>
time.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xli. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Next to the first in value, power,
excellence, dignity, or rank; secondary; subordinate;
inferior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>May the day when we become the <i>second</i> people
upon earth . . . be the day of our utter extirpation.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being of the same kind as another that has
preceded; another, like a prototype; as, a <i>second</i> Cato; a
<i>second</i> Troy; a <i>second</i> deluge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A Daniel, still say I, a <i>second</i>
Daniel!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Second Adventist</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Adventist</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Second cousin</b></col>, <cd>the child of a cousin.</cd> --
<col><b>Second-cut file</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>File</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Second distance</b></col> <i>(Art)</i>, <cd>that part of a
picture between the foreground and the background; -- called also
<i>middle ground</i>, or <i>middle distance</i>.</cd> [R.] --
<col><b>Second estate</b></col> <i>(Eng.)</i>, <cd>the House of
Peers.</cd> -- <col><b>Second girl</b></col>, <cd>a female house-
servant who does the lighter work, as chamber work or waiting on
table.</cd> -- <col><b>Second intention</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Intention</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Second story</b></col>,
<col><b>Second floor</b></col>, <cd>in America, the second range of
rooms from the street level. This, in England, is called the <i>first
floor</i>, the one beneath being the <i>ground floor</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Second</b></col> <col><b>thought or thoughts</b></col>,
<cd>consideration of a matter following a first impulse or impression;
reconsideration.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>On <i>second thoughts</i>, gentlemen, I don't wish you
had known him.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i><BR>
</p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, follows, or comes after; one next and
inferior in place, time, rank, importance, excellence, or
power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man<BR>
An angel's <i>second</i>, nor his <i>second</i> long.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who follows or attends another for his
support and aid; a backer; an assistant; specifically, one who acts as
another's aid in a duel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being sure enough of <i>seconds</i> after the first
onset.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Aid; assistance; help.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Give <i>second</i>, and my love<BR>
Is everlasting thine.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An article of merchandise of a
grade inferior to the best; esp., a coarse or inferior kind of
flour.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [F. <i>seconde</i>. See <u>Second</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The sixtieth part of a minute of time or of
a minute of space, that is, the <i>second</i> regular subdivision of
the degree; as, sound moves about 1,140 English feet in a
<i>second</i>; five minutes and ten <i>seconds</i> north of this
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In the duodecimal system of mensuration,
the twelfth part of an inch or prime; a line. See <u>Inch</u>, and
<u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
interval between any tone and the tone which is represented on the
degree of the staff next above it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
second part in a concerted piece; -- often popularly applied to the
alto.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Second hand</b></col>, <cd>the hand which marks the seconds
on the dial of a watch or a clock.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seconded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seconding</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>seconder</i>, L. <i>secundare</i>, from
<i>secundus</i>. See <u>Second</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To follow in the next place; to succeed; to
alternate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the method of nature, a low valley is immediately
<i>seconded</i> with an ambitious hill.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sin is <i>seconded</i> with sin.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To follow or attend for the purpose of
assisting; to support; to back; to act as the second of; to assist; to
forward; to encourage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have supplies to <i>second</i> our
attempt.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In human works though labored on with pain,<BR>
A thousand movements scarce one purpose gain;<BR>
In God's, one single can its end produce,<BR>
Yet serves to <i>second</i> too some other use.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, to support, as a motion or
proposal, by adding one's voice to that of the mover or
proposer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*a*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a secondary manner or degree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Secondly; in the second place.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God hath set some in the church, first apostles,
<i>secondarily</i> prophets, thirdly teachers.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor.
xii. 28.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*a*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being secondary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full of a girl's sweet sense of <i>secondariness</i> to
the object of her love.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Oliphant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>secondaire</i>, L. <i>secundaire</i>. See <u>Second</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Succeeding next in order
to the first; of second place, origin, rank, etc.; not primary;
subordinate; not of the first order or rate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wheresoever there is moral right on the one hand, no
<i>secondary</i> right can discharge it.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two are the radical differences; the <i>secondary</i>
differences are as four.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acting by deputation or delegated
authority; as, the work of <i>secondary</i> hands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Possessing some quality, or
having been subject to some operation (as substitution), in the second
degree; as, a <i>secondary</i> salt, a <i>secondary</i> amine, etc.
Cf. <u>primary</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Subsequent in origin; -- said
of minerals produced by alteration or deposition subsequent to the
formation of the original rock mass; also of characters of minerals
(as <i>secondary</i> cleavage, etc.) developed by pressure or other
causes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
second joint of the wing of a bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Dependent
or consequent upon another disease; as, Bright's disease is often
<i>secondary</i> to scarlet fever.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Occurring in the second stage of a disease; as, the
<i>secondary</i> symptoms of syphilis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Secondary accent</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Accent</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
age</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>The Mesozoic age, or age before the
Tertiary. See <u>Mesozoic</u>, and Note under <u>Age</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary alcohol</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>any one of a series of alcohols which contain the
radical CH.OH united with two hydrocarbon radicals. On oxidation the
secondary alcohols form ketones.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
amputation</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>an amputation for injury,
performed after the constitutional effects of the injury have
subsided.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary axis</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>,
<cd>any line which passes through the optical center of a lens but not
through the centers of curvature, or, in the case of a mirror, which
passes through the center of curvature but not through the center of
the mirror.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary battery</b></col>.
<i>(Elec.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Battery</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
4.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary circle</b></col> <i>(Geom. &
Astron.)</i>, <cd>a great circle that passes through the poles of
another great circle and is therefore perpendicular to its plane.</cd>
-- <col><b>Secondary circuit</b></col>, <col><b>Secondary
coil</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a circuit or coil in which a
current is produced by the induction of a current in a neighboring
circuit or coil called the <i>primary circuit</i> or <i>coil</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Secondary color</b></col>, <cd>a color formed by mixing any
two primary colors in equal proportions.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
coverts</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the longer coverts which
overlie the basal part of the secondary quills of a bird. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Bird</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
crystal</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a crystal derived from one of the
primary forms.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary current</b></col>
<i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a momentary current induced in a closed circuit by
a current of electricity passing through the same or a contiguous
circuit at the beginning and also at the end of the passage of the
primary current.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary evidence</b></col>,
<cd>that which is admitted upon failure to obtain the primary or best
evidence.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>a fever coming on in a disease after the subsidence of the fever
with which the disease began, as the fever which attends the outbreak
of the eruption in smallpox.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
hemorrhage</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>hemorrhage occuring from a
wounded blood vessel at some considerable time after the original
bleeding has ceased.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary planet</b></col>.
<i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See the Note under <u>Planet</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Secondary qualities</b></col>, <cd>those qualities of bodies
which are not inseparable from them as such, but are dependent for
their development and intensity on the organism of the percipient,
such as color, taste, odor, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
quills</b></col> or <col><b>remiges</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the quill feathers arising from the forearm of a bird and forming
a row continuous with the primaries; -- called also
<i>secondaries</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bird</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Secondary rocks</b></col> or <col><b>strata</b></col>
<i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>those lying between the Primary, or Paleozoic, and
Tertiary (see <i>Primary rocks</i>, under <u>Primary</u>); -- later
restricted to strata of the Mesozoic age, and at present but little
used.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary syphilis</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>the second stage of syphilis, including the period from the first
development of constitutional symptoms to the time when the bones and
the internal organs become involved.</cd> -- <col><b>Secondary
tint</b></col>, <cd>any subdued tint, as gray.</cd> --
<col><b>Secondary union</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>the union of
wounds after suppuration; union by the second intention.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Second; second-rate; subordinate; inferior.</p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Secondaries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
occupies a subordinate, inferior, or auxiliary place; a delegate or
deputy; one who is second or next to the chief officer; as, the
<i>secondary</i>, or undersheriff of the city of London.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old Escalus . . . is thy <i>secondary</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
secondary circle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
satellite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A secondary
quill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond-class`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the rank
or degree below the best or highest; inferior; second-rate; as, a
<i>second-class</i> house; a <i>second-class</i> passage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who seconds
or supports what another attempts, affirms, moves, or proposes; as,
the <i>seconder</i> of an enterprise or of a motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not original or primary; received from another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have but a <i>secondhand</i> or implicit
knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not new; already or previously possessed or
used by another; as, a <i>secondhand</i> book, garment.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At second hand</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Hand</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 10.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the second
place.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*con"do</hw> (s&esl;*k&obreve;n"d&osl;; It.
s&asl;*k&osl;n"d&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The second part in a concerted piece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond-rate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the second
size, rank, quality, or value; as, a <i>second-rate</i> ship;
<i>second-rate</i> cloth; a <i>second-rate</i> champion.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond-sight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The power of
discerning what is not visible to the physical eye, or of foreseeing
future events, esp. such as are of a disastrous kind; the capacity of
a seer; prophetic vision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was seized with a fit of <i>second-
sight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor less availed his optic sleight,<BR>
And Scottish gift of <i>second-sight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ond-sight`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
power of second-sight.</def> [R.] <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cre</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Secret;
secretive; faithful to a secret.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To be holden stable and <i>secre</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cre</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A secret.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cre*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Secrecies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Secret</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being hidden; as, his
movements were detected in spite of their <i>secrecy</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lady Anne,<BR>
Whom the king hath in <i>secrecy</i> long married.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is concealed; a secret.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Seclusion; privacy; retirement.</def> "The
pensive <i>secrecy</i> of desert cell."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being secretive; fidelity to
a secret; forbearance of disclosure or discovery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not with public as with private prayer; in this,
rather <i>secrecy</i> is commanded than outward show.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cre*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Secretly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cre*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Secrecy;
privacy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cret</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>secret</i> (cf.
Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>secreto</i>, It. <i>secreto</i>, <i>segreto</i>), fr. L.
<i>secretus</i>, p. p. of <i>secernere</i> to put apart, to separate.
See <u>Certain</u>, and cf. <u>Secrete</u>, <u>Secern</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hidden; concealed; as, <i>secret</i> treasure;
<i>secret</i> plans; a <i>secret</i> vow.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>secret</i> things belong unto the Lord our God;
but those things which are revealed belong unto us.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. xxix. 29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Withdrawn from general intercourse or
notice; in retirement or secrecy; secluded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There, <i>secret</i> in her sapphire cell,<BR>
He with the Na&iuml;s wont to dwell.</blockquote> <i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Faithful to a secret; not inclined to
divulge or betray confidence; secretive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Secret</i> Romans, that have spoke the word,<BR>
And will not palter.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Separate; distinct.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They suppose two other divine hypostases superior
thereunto, which were perfectly <i>secret</i> from
matter.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hidden; concealed; secluded; retired; unseen;
unknown; private; obscure; recondite; latent; covert; clandestine;
privy. See <u>Hidden</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Se"cret</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>secret</i> (cf. Pr.
<i>secret</i>, Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>secreto</i>, It. <i>secreto</i>,
<i>segreto</i>), from L. <i>secretum</i>. See <u>Secret</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something studiously
concealed; a thing kept from general knowledge; what is not revealed,
or not to be revealed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To tell our own <i>secrets</i> is often folly; to
communicate those of others is treachery.</blockquote>
<i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1301 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thing not discovered; what is unknown or
unexplained; a mystery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>secrets</i> of the deep, all nature's
works.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The parts which modesty and
propriety require to be concealed; the genital organs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In secret</b></col>, <cd>in a private place; in privacy or
secrecy; in a state or place not seen; privately.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Bread eaten <i>in secret</i> is pleasant.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. ix. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cret</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To keep
secret.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"cret*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A process
in which mercury, or some of its salts, is employed to impart the
property of felting to certain kinds of furs.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec`re*ta"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a secretary; befitting a secretary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Secretarial</i>, diplomatic, or other official
training.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sec`re*ta"ri*at</hw> (?), <hw>Sec`re*ta"ri*ate</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>secr&eacute;tariat</i>.] <def>The office
of a secretary; the place where a secretary transacts business, keeps
records, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"re*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Secretaries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>secr&eacute;taire</i> (cf.
Pr. <i>secretari</i>, Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>secretario</i>, It.
<i>secretario</i>, <i>segretario</i>) LL. <i>secretarius</i>,
originally, a confidant, one intrusted with secrets, from L.
<i>secretum</i> a secret. See <u>Secret</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps, or is
intrusted with, secrets.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person employed to write orders, letters,
dispatches, public or private papers, records, and the like; an
official scribe, amanuensis, or writer; one who attends to
correspondence, and transacts other business, for an association, a
public body, or an individual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which is most of all profitable is acquaintance
with the <i>secretaries</i>, and employed men of
ambassadors.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An officer of state whose business is to
superintend and manage the affairs of a particular department of
government, and who is usually a member of the cabinet or advisory
council of the chief executive; as, the <i>secretary</i> of state, who
conducts the correspondence and attends to the relations of a
government with foreign courts; the <i>secretary</i> of the treasury,
who manages the department of finance; the <i>secretary</i> of war,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece of furniture, with conveniences for
writing and for the arrangement of papers; an escritoire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The secretary
bird.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Secretary bird</b></col>. [So called in allusion to the
tufts of feathers at the back of its head, which were fancifully
thought to resemble pens stuck behind the ear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>A large long-legged raptorial bird (<i>Gypogeranus
serpentarius</i>), native of South Africa, but now naturalized in the
West Indies and some other tropical countries. It has a powerful
hooked beak, a crest of long feathers, and a long tail. It feeds upon
reptiles of various kinds, and is much prized on account of its habit
of killing and devouring snakes of all kinds. Called also <i>serpent
eater</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See the Note under <u>Clerk</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</p>

<p><hw>Sec"re*ta*ry*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office,
or the term of office, of a secretary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*crete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Secreted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Secreting</u>.] [L. <i>secretus</i> separated, secret, hidden, p.
p. of <i>secernere</i>. See <u>Secret</u>, and cf. <u>Discrete</u>,
<u>Discreet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deposit in a place of
hiding; to hide; to conceal; as, to <i>secrete</i> stolen goods; to
<i>secrete</i> one's self.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To separate from the
blood and elaborate by the process of secretion; to elaborate and emit
as a secretion. See <u>Secretion</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why one set of cells should <i>secrete</i> bile,
another urea, and so on, we do not know.</blockquote>
<i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conceal; hide. See <u>Conceal</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Se*cre"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>secretio</i>:
cf. F. <i>s&eacute;cr&eacute;tion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of secreting or concealing; as, the <i>secretion</i> of dutiable
goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act of secreting; the
process by which material is separated from the blood through the
agency of the cells of the various glands and elaborated by the cells
into new substances so as to form the various secretions, as the
saliva, bile, and other digestive fluids. The process varies in the
different glands, and hence are formed the various
secretions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Any substance or fluid
secreted, or elaborated and emitted, as the gastric juice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"cret*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dealer in
secrets.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Se`cre*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Parted by
animal secretion; as, <i>secretitious</i> humors.</def>
<i>Floyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cret"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
secrete, or to keep secret or private; as, a <i>secretive</i>
disposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cret"ive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality of being secretive; disposition or tendency to
conceal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phren.)</i> <def>The faculty or propensity
which impels to reserve, secrecy, or concealment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"cret*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a secret
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"cret*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being secret, hid, or
concealed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Secretiveness; concealment.</def>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cre`to-mo"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Causing secretion; -- said of nerves which go
to glands and influence secretion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cre"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;cr&eacute;toire</i>. See <u>Secrete</u>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Secreting; performing, or connected with, the
office of secretion; secernent; as, <i>secretory</i> vessels,
nerves.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A secretory vessel; a
secernent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sect</hw> (s&ebreve;kt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>secare</i>, <i>sectum</i>, to cut.] <def>A cutting; a scion.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sect</hw> (s&ebreve;kt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>secte</i>,
L. <i>secta</i>, fr. <i>sequi</i> to follow; often confused with L.
<i>secare</i>, <i>sectum</i>, to cut. See <u>Sue</u> to follow, and
cf. <u>Sept</u>, <u>Suit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Those
following a particular leader or authority, or attached to a certain
opinion; a company or set having a common belief or allegiance
distinct from others; in religion, the believers in a particular
creed, or upholders of a particular practice; especially, in modern
times, a party dissenting from an established church; a denomination;
in philosophy, the disciples of a particular master; a school; in
society and the state, an order, rank, class, or party.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He beareth the sign of poverty,<BR>
And in that <i>sect</i> our Savior saved all mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As of the <i>sect</i> of which that he was born,<BR>
He kept his lay, to which that he was sworn.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The cursed <i>sect</i> of that detestable and false
prophet Mohammed.</blockquote> <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As concerning this <i>sect</i> [Christians], we know
that everywhere it is spoken against.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxviii.
22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>secare</i>,
<i>sectum</i>, to cut.] <def>One of the portions of space bounded by
the three coordinate planes. Specif. <i>(Crystallog.)</i>, one of the
parts of a crystal into which it is divided by the axial
planes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
a sect, or to sects; peculiar to a sect; bigotedly attached to the
tenets and interests of a denomination; as, <i>sectarian</i>
principles or prejudices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a sect; a
member or adherent of a special school, denomination, or religious or
philosophical party; one of a party in religion which has separated
itself from established church, or which holds tenets different from
those of the prevailing denomination in a state.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Heretic</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sec*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or character of a sectarian; devotion to the interests of a
party; excess of partisan or denominational zeal; adherence to a
separate church organization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec*ta"ri*an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
imbue with sectarian feelings; to subject to the control of a
sect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ta*rism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sectarianism.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sec"ta*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sectary.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sectaries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>sectaire</i>. See
<u>Sect</u>.] <def>A sectarian; a member or adherent of a sect; a
follower or disciple of some particular teacher in philosophy or
religion; one who separates from an established church; a
dissenter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I never knew that time in England when men of truest
religion were not counted <i>sectaries</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>sectari</i>, v. intens. fr. <i>sequi</i> to follow. See <u>Sue</u>
to follow.] <def>A follower; a disciple; an adherent to a sect.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sectilis</i>,
fr. <i>secare</i>, <i>sectum</i>, to cut: cf. F. <i>sectile</i>. See
<u>Section</u>.] <def>Capable of being cut; specifically
<i>(Min.)</i>, capable of being severed by the knife with a smooth
cut; -- said of minerals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being sectile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sectio</i>, fr.
<i>secare</i>, <i>sectum</i>, to cut; akin to E. <i>saw</i> a cutting
instrument: cf. F. <i>section</i>. See <u>Saw</u>, and cf.
<u>Scion</u>, <u>Dissect</u>, <u>Insect</u>, <u>Secant</u>,
<u>Segment</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of cutting, or
separation by cutting; as, the <i>section</i> of bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part separated from something; a
division; a portion; a slice.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A distinct part or portion of a book or
writing; a subdivision of a chapter; the division of a law or other
writing; a paragraph; an article; hence, the character &sect;, often
used to denote such a division.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is hardly possible to give a distinct view of his
several arguments in distinct <i>sections</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A distinct part of a country or people,
community, class, or the like; a part of a territory separated by
geographical lines, or of a people considered as distinct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The extreme <i>section</i> of one class consists of
bigoted dotards, the extreme <i>section</i> of the other consists of
shallow and reckless empirics.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the portions, of one square mile
each, into which the public lands of the United States are divided;
one thirty-sixth part of a township. These sections are subdivided
into quarter sections for sale under the homestead and pre&euml;mption
laws.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The figure made up of all
the points common to a superficies and a solid which meet, or to two
superficies which meet, or to two lines which meet. In the first case
the section is a superficies, in the second a line, and in the third a
point.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>A division of a genus;
a group of species separated by some distinction from others of the
same genus; -- often indicated by the sign &sect;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A part of a musical period,
composed of one or more phrases. See <u>Phrase</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The description or representation of
anything as it would appear if cut through by any intersecting plane;
depiction of what is beyond a plane passing through, or supposed to
pass through, an object, as a building, a machine, a succession of
strata; profile.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In mechanical drawing, as in these Illustrations of a
cannon, a <i>longitudinal section</i> (<i>a</i>) usually represents
the object as cut through its center lengthwise and vertically; a
<i>cross</i> or <i>transverse section</i> (<i>b</i>), as cut crosswise
and vertically; and a <i>horizontal section</i> (<i>c</i>), as cut
through its center horizontally. <i>Oblique sections</i> are made at
various angles. In architecture, a <i>vertical section</i> is a
drawing showing the interior, the thickness of the walls, etc., as if
made on a vertical plane passed through a building.</p>

<p><col><b>Angular sections</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a branch of
analysis which treats of the relations of sines, tangents, etc., of
arcs to the sines, tangents, etc., of their multiples or of their
parts.</cd> [R.] -- <col><b>Conic sections</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Conic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Section liner</b></col>
<i>(Drawing)</i>, <cd>an instrument to aid in drawing a series of
equidistant parallel lines, -- used in representing sections.</cd> --
<col><b>Thin section</b></col>, <cd>a section or slice, as of mineral,
animal, or vegetable substance, thin enough to be transparent, and
used for study under the microscope.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Part; portion; division.  -- <u>Section</u>,
<u>Part</u>. The English more commonly apply the word <i>section</i>
to a part or portion of a body of men; as, a <i>section</i> of the
clergy, a small <i>section</i> of the Whigs, etc.  In the United
States this use is less common, but another use, unknown or but little
known in England, is very frequent, as in the phrases "the eastern
<i>section</i> of our country," etc., the same sense being also given
to the adjective <i>sectional</i>; as, <i>sectional</i> feelings,
interests, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a section or distinct part of larger body or
territory; local.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>sectional</i> interests, or party feelings, it
is hoped, will hereafter yield to schemes of ambition.</blockquote>
<i>Story.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of sections, or capable of being
divided into sections; as, a <i>sectional</i> steam boiler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
disproportionate regard for the interests peculiar to a section of the
country; local patriotism, as distinguished from national.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
or quality of being sectional; sectionalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
divide according to geographical sections or local interests.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The principal results of the struggle were to
<i>sectionalize</i> parties.</blockquote> <i>Nicolay &amp; Hay (Life of
Lincoln).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sectional
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tion*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form
into sections.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sect"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Devotion to a
sect.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sect"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One devoted to a sect;
a sectary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sect"i*un`cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little or
petty sect.</def> [R.] "Some new sect or <i>sectiuncle</i>."  <i>J.
Martineau.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., properly, a cutter,
fr. <i>secare</i>, <i>sectum</i>, to cut: cf. F. <i>secteur</i>. See
<u>Section</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A part of a
circle comprehended between two radii and the included arc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mathematical instrument, consisting of
two rulers connected at one end by a joint, each arm marked with
several scales, as of equal parts, chords, sines, tangents, etc., one
scale of each kind on each arm, and all on lines radiating from the
common center of motion. The sector is used for plotting, etc., to any
scale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An astronomical instrument, the limb of
which embraces a small portion only of a circle, used for measuring
differences of declination too great for the compass of a micrometer.
When it is used for measuring zenith distances of stars, it is called
a <i>zenith sector</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dip sector</b></col>, <cd>an instrument used for measuring
the dip of the horizon.</cd> -- <col><b>Sector of a sphere</b></col>,
or <col><b>Spherical sector</b></col>, <cd>the solid generated by the
revolution of the sector of a circle about one of its radii, or, more
rarely, about any straight line drawn in the plane of the sector
through its vertex.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sec"tor*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a sector; as, a <i>sectoral</i> circle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Adapted for cutting.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sectorial, or carnassial, tooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>secular</i>,
<i>seculer</i>. L. <i>saecularis</i>, fr. <i>saeculum</i> a race,
generation, age, the times, the world; perhaps akin to E. <i>soul</i>:
cf. F. <i>s&eacute;culier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Coming or
observed once in an age or a century.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>secular</i> year was kept but once a
century.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to an age, or the progress of
ages, or to a long period of time; accomplished in a long progress of
time; as, <i>secular</i> inequality; the <i>secular</i> refrigeration
of the globe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to this present world, or
to things not spiritual or holy; relating to temporal as distinguished
from eternal interests; not immediately or primarily respecting the
soul, but the body; worldly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>New foes arise,<BR>
Threatening to bind our souls with <i>secular</i> chains.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Not regular; not bound by
monastic vows or rules; not confined to a monastery, or subject to the
rules of a religious community; as, a <i>secular</i> priest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He tried to enforce a stricter discipline and greater
regard for morals, both in the religious orders and the <i>secular</i>
clergy.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the laity; lay; not
clerical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I speak of folk in <i>secular</i> estate.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Secular equation</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
algebraic or numerical expression of the magnitude of the inequalities
in a planet's motion that remain after the inequalities of a short
period have been allowed for.</cd> -- <col><b>Secular games</b></col>
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>, <cd>games celebrated, at long but irregular
intervals, for three days and nights, with sacrifices, theatrical
shows, combats, sports, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Secular
music</b></col>, <cd>any music or songs not adapted to sacred
uses.</cd> -- <col><b>Secular hymn</b></col> or
<col><b>poem</b></col>, <cd>a hymn or poem composed for the secular
games, or sung or rehearsed at those games.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A secular ecclesiastic, or one not bound by
monastic rules.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A church official whose
functions are confined to the vocal department of the choir.</def>
<i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A layman, as distinguished from a
clergyman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being secular; a secular spirit;
secularity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tenets or principles of the
secularists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
theoretically rejects every form of religious faith, and every kind of
religious worship, and accepts only the facts and influences which are
derived from the present life; also, one who believes that education
and other matters of civil policy should be managed without the
introduction of a religious element.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec`u*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>s&eacute;cularit&eacute;</i>, LL. <i>saecularitas</i>.]
<def>Supreme attention to the things of the present life;
worldliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>secularity</i> of character which makes
Christianity and its principal doctrines distasteful or
unintelligible.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec`u*lar*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;cularisation</i>.] <def>The act of rendering secular, or
the state of being rendered secular; conversion from regular or
monastic to secular; conversion from religious to lay or secular
possession and uses; as, the <i>secularization</i> of church
property.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1302 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Secularized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Secularizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;culariser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convert from
regular or monastic into secular; as, to <i>secularize</i> a priest or
a monk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To convert from spiritual to secular or
common use; as, to <i>secularize</i> a church, or church
property.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the Reformation the abbey was
<i>secularized</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Coxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make worldly or unspiritual.</def>
<i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a secular or
worldly manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sec"u*lar*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being secular; worldliness; worldly-mindedness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"cund</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>secundus</i>
following the course or current of wind or water. See <u>Second</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Arranged on one side only, as
flowers or leaves on a stalk.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cun"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>secundatus</i>, p. p. of <i>secundare</i> to direct favorably.]
<def>To make prosperous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sec`un*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Prosperity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sec"un*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>secondine</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The second
coat, or integument, of an ovule, lying within the primine.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the ripened seed the primine and secundine are usually
united to form the testa, or outer seed coat. When they remain
distinct the secundine becomes the mesosperm, as in the castor
bean.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>secondines</i>.] <def>The afterbirth,
or placenta and membranes; -- generally used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cun`do-gen"i*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>secundus</i> second + <i>genitura</i> a begetting, generation.]
<def>A right of inheritance belonging to a second son; a property or
possession so inherited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The kingdom of Naples . . . was constituted a
<i>secundo-geniture</i> of Spain.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cur"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
secured.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>securus</i>;
pref. <i>se-</i> without + <i>cura</i> care. See <u>Cure</u> care, and
cf. <u>Sure</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free
from fear, care, or anxiety; easy in mind; not feeling suspicion or
distrust; confident.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But thou, <i>secure</i> of soul, unbent with
woes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Overconfident; incautious; careless; -- in
a bad sense.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Confident in opinion; not entertaining, or
not having reason to entertain, doubt; certain; sure; -- commonly with
<i>of</i>; as, <i>secure</i> of a welcome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Confidence then bore thee on, <i>secure</i><BR>
Either to meet no danger, or to find<BR>
Matter of glorious trial.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not exposed to danger; safe; -- applied to
persons and things, and followed by <i>against</i> or
<i>from</i>.</def> "<i>Secure</i> from fortune's blows."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Safe; undisturbed; easy; sure; certain; assured;
confident; careless; heedless; inattentive.</p>

<p><hw>Se*cure"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Secured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Securing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make safe; to relieve
from apprehensions of, or exposure to, danger; to guard; to
protect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I spread a cloud before the victor's sight,<BR>
Sustained the vanquished, and <i>secured</i> his flight.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put beyond hazard of losing or of not
receiving; to make certain; to assure; to insure; -- frequently with
<i>against</i> or <i>from</i>, rarely with <i>of</i>; as, to
<i>secure</i> a creditor against loss; to <i>secure</i> a debt by a
mortgage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>secures</i> its possessor of eternal
happiness.</blockquote> <i>T. Dick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make fast; to close or confine
effectually; to render incapable of getting loose or escaping; as, to
<i>secure</i> a prisoner; to <i>secure</i> a door, or the hatches of a
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To get possession of; to make one's self
secure of; to acquire certainly; as, to <i>secure</i> an
estate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Secure arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a command and a
position in the manual of arms, used in wet weather, the object being
to guard the firearm from becoming wet. The piece is turned with the
barrel to the front and grasped by the right hand at the lower band,
the muzzle is dropped to the front, and the piece held with the guard
under the right arm, the hand supported against the hip, and the thumb
on the rammer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se*cure"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a secure
manner; without fear or apprehension; without danger;
safely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His daring foe . . . <i>securely</i> him
defied.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cure"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
securing; protection.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Society condemns the <i>securement</i> in all cases of
perpetual protection by means of perpetual imprisonment.</blockquote>
<i>C. A. Ives.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*cure"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition or
quality of being secure; exemption from fear; want of vigilance;
security.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cur"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, secures.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sec`u*rif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
L. <i>securis</i> an ax + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Serrifera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cu"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>securis</i>
an ax or hatchet + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;curiforme</i>.]
<i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Having the form of an ax or
hatchet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cu"ri*palp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>securis</i>
ax, hatchet + E. <i>palp</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a
family of beetles having the maxillary palpi terminating in a hatchet-
shaped joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*cu"ri*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Securities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>securitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;curit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Secure</u>, and cf.
<u>Surety</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or quality of
being secure; secureness.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Freedom from apprehension, anxiety, or care; confidence of power
or safety; hence, assurance; certainty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His trembling hand had lost the ease,<BR>
Which marks <i>security</i> to please.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hence, carelessness; negligence;
heedlessness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He means, my lord, that we are too remiss,<BR>
Whilst Bolingbroke, through our <i>security</i>,<BR>
Grows strong and great in substance and in power.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Freedom from risk; safety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give up yourself merely to chance and hazard,<BR>
From firm <i>security</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some . . . alleged that we should have no
<i>security</i> for our trade.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which secures or makes safe;
protection; guard; defense.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Something given, deposited, or pledged, to make certain the
fulfillment of an obligation, the performance of a contract, the
payment of a debt, or the like; surety; pledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who lent him money lent it on no <i>security</i>
but his bare word.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who becomes surety for another, or
engages himself for the performance of another's obligation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An evidence of debt or of property, as a
bond, a certificate of stock, etc.; as, government
<i>securities</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Protection; defense; guard; shelter; safety;
certainty; ease; assurance; carelessness; confidence; surety; pledge;
bail.</p>

<p><hw>Se*dan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be named from
<i>Sedan</i>, in France, where it was first made, and whence it was
introduced into England in the time of King Charles I.] <def>A
portable chair or covered vehicle for carrying a single person, --
usually borne on poles by two men. Called also <i>sedan
chair</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*date"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sedatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>sedare</i>, <i>sedatum</i>, to allay, calm, causative of
<i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>.] <def>Undisturbed by passion or
caprice; calm; tranquil; serene; not passionate or giddy; composed;
staid; as, a <i>sedate</i> soul, mind, or temper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disputation carries away the mind from that calm and
<i>sedate</i> temper which is so necessary to contemplate
truth.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever we feel and know<BR>
Too <i>sedate</i> for outward show.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Settled; composed; calm; quiet; tranquil; still;
serene; unruffled; undisturbed; contemplative; sober; serious.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Se*date"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Se*date"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sedatio</i>.]
<def>The act of calming, or the state of being calm.</def> [R.]
<i>Coles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sed"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;datif</i>.] <def>Tending to calm, moderate, or
tranquilize</def>; specifically <i>(Med.)</i>, <def>allaying
irritability and irritation; assuaging pain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sed"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
remedy which allays irritability and irritation, and irritative
activity or pain.</def> </p>

<p><hw>Se"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sedens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>.]
<def>Sitting; inactive; quiet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sed"en*ta*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sedentary manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sed"en*ta*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being sedentary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sed"en*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sedentarius</i>, fr. <i>sedere</i> to sit: cf. F.
<i>se&eacute;dentaire</i>. See <u>Sedent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Accustomed to sit much or long; as, a <i>sedentary</i> man.</def>
"<i>Sedentary</i>, scholastic sophists."  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by, or requiring, much
sitting; as, a <i>sedentary</i> employment; a <i>sedentary</i>
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any education that confined itself to <i>sedentary</i>
pursuits was essentially imperfect.</blockquote>
<i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inactive; motionless; sluggish; hence,
calm; tranquil.</def> [R.] "The <i>sedentary</i> earth."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul, considered abstractly from its passions, is
of a remiss, <i>sedentary</i> nature.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Caused by long sitting.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Sedentary</i> numbness."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Remaining in one place,
especially when firmly attached to some object; as, the oyster is a
<i>sedentary</i> mollusk; the barnacles are <i>sedentary</i>
crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sedentary spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
a tribe of spiders which rest motionless until their prey is caught in
their web.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Se*de"runt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., they sat, fr.
<i>sedere</i> to sit.] <def>A sitting, as of a court or other
body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is pity we have not Burns's own account of that long
<i>sederunt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Acts of sederunt</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>,
<cd>ordinances of the Court of Session for the ordering of processes
and expediting of justice.</cd>  <i>Bell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sedge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>segge</i>, AS.
<i>secg</i>; akin to LG. <i>segge</i>; -- probably named from its
bladelike appearance, and akin to L. <i>secare</i> to cut, E.
<i>saw</i> a cutting instrument; cf. Ir. <i>seisg</i>, W. <i>hesg</i>.
Cf. <u>Hassock</u>, <u>Saw</u> the instrument.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus <i>Carex</i>, perennial,
endogenous, innutritious herbs, often growing in dense tufts in marshy
places. They have triangular jointless stems, a spiked inflorescence,
and long grasslike leaves which are usually rough on the margins and
midrib. There are several hundred species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is sometimes given to any other plant of the order
<i>Cyperace&aelig;</i>, which includes <i>Carex</i>, <i>Cyperus</i>,
<i>Scirpus</i>, and many other genera of rushlike plants.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A flock of
herons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sedge hen</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the clapper
rail. See under 5th <u>Rail</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sedge
warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small European singing
bird (<i>Acrocephalus phragmitis</i>). It often builds its nest among
reeds; -- called also <i>sedge bird</i>, <i>sedge wren</i>, <i>night
warbler</i>, and <i>Scotch nightingale</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sedged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made or composed of
sedge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With your <i>sedged</i> crowns and ever-harmless
looks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sedg"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overgrown with
sedge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the gentle Severn\'b6s <i>sedgy</i>
bank.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Se*dil"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Sedile</b></singw> (&?;). [L. <i>sedile</i> a seat.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Seats in the chancel of a church near the altar
for the officiating clergy during intervals of service.</def>
<i>Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sed"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>s&eacute;diment</i>, L. <i>sedimentum</i> a settling, fr.
<i>sedere</i> to sit, to settle. See <u>Sit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The matter which subsides to the bottom, from water or any other
liquid; settlings; lees; dregs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The material of which
sedimentary rocks are formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sed`i*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sedimentary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sed`i*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;dimentaire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to sediment; formed
by sediment; containing matter that has subsided.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sedimentary rocks</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Aqueous rocks</i>, under <u>Aqueous</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sed`i*men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of depositing a sediment; specifically <i>(Geol.)</i>, the deposition
of the material of which sedimentary rocks are formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sedicioun</i>, OF.  <i>sedition</i>, F. <i>s&eacute;dition</i>, fr.
L. <i>seditio</i>, originally, a going aside; hence, an
insurrectionary separation; pref. <i>se-</i>, <i>sed-</i>, aside +
<i>itio</i> a going, fr. <i>ire</i>, <i>itum</i>, to go.  Cf.
<u>Issue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The raising of commotion in a
state, not amounting to insurrection; conduct tending to treason, but
without an overt act; excitement of discontent against the government,
or of resistance to lawful authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In soothing them, we nourish 'gainst our senate<BR>
The cockle of rebellion, insolence, <i>sedition</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Noisy demagogues who had been accused of
<i>sedition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dissension; division; schism.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now the works of the flesh are manifest, . . .
emulations, wrath, strife, <i>seditions</i>, heresies.</blockquote>
<i>Gal. v. 19, 20.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Insurrection; tumult; uproar; riot; rebellion;
revolt. See <u>Insurrection</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Se*di"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inciter
or promoter of sedition.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*di"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>seditiosus</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;ditieux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to sedition; partaking of the nature of, or
tending to excite, sedition; as, <i>seditious</i> behavior;
<i>seditious</i> strife; <i>seditious</i> words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to arouse, or take part in,
violent opposition to lawful authority; turbulent; factious; guilty of
sedition; as, <i>seditious</i> citizens.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Se*di"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Se*di"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sed"litz</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Seidlitz</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seduced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seducing</u> (?).] [L. <i>seducere</i>, <i>seductum</i>; pref.
<i>se-</i> aside + <i>ducere</i> to lead. See <u>Duke</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw aside from the path of rectitude and
duty in any manner; to entice to evil; to lead astray; to tempt and
lead to iniquity; to corrupt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For me, the gold of France did not
<i>seduce</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, to induce to surrender
chastity; to debauch by means of solicitation.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To allure; entice; tempt; attract; mislead; decoy;
inveigle. See <u>Allure</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Se*duce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of seducing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The means employed to seduce, as flattery,
promises, deception, etc.; arts of enticing or corrupting.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*du"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, seduces; specifically, one who prevails over the chastity of a
woman by enticements and persuasions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He whose firm faith no reason could remove,<BR>
Will melt before that soft <i>seducer</i>, love.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*du"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being seduced; corruptible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*du"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Seductive.</def>
"Thy sweet <i>seducing</i> charms." <i>Cowper.</i> --
<wf>Se*du"cing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se*duc*tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>seductio</i>:
cf. F. <i>s&eacute;duction</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Seduce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of seducing; enticement to wrong
doing; specifically, the offense of inducing a woman to consent to
unlawful sexual intercourse, by enticements which overcome her
scruples; the wrong or crime of persuading a woman to surrender her
chastity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which seduces, or is adapted to
seduce; means of leading astray; as, the <i>seductions</i> of
wealth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*duc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to lead
astray; apt to mislead by flattering appearances; tempting; alluring;
as, a <i>seductive</i> offer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This may enable us to understand how <i>seductive</i>
is the influence of example.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*duc"tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a seductive
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*duc"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
seduces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*du"li*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sedulitas</i>. See <u>Sedulous</u>.] <def>The quality or state of
being sedulous; diligent and assiduous application; constant
attention; unremitting industry; sedulousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The industrious bee, by his <i>sedulity</i> in summer,
lives in honey all the winter.</blockquote> <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sed"u*lous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sedulus</i>, perhaps from <i>sedere</i> to sit, and so akin to E.
<i>sit</i>.] <def>Diligent in application or pursuit; constant,
steady, and persevering in business, or in endeavors to effect an
object; steadily industrious; assiduous; as, the <i>sedulous</i>
bee.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What signifies the sound of words in prayer, without
the affection of the heart, and a <i>sedulous</i> application of the
proper means that may naturally lead us to such an end?</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Assiduous; diligent; industrious; laborious;
unremitting; untiring; unwearied; persevering.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sed"u*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sed"u*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Se"dum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sedere</i> to sit; so called in allusion to the manner in which the
plants attach themselves to rocks and walls.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of plants, mostly perennial, having succulent leaves and cymose
flowers; orpine; stonecrop.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>See</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>se</i>, <i>see</i>,
OF. <i>se</i>, <i>sed</i>, <i>sied</i>, fr. L. <i>sedes</i> a seat, or
the kindred <i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>, and cf.
<u>Siege</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A seat; a site; a place where
sovereign power is exercised.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jove laughed on Venus from his sovereign
<i>see</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The seat
of episcopal power; a diocese; the jurisdiction of a bishop; as, the
<i>see</i> of New York. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The seat of an archbishop;
a province or jurisdiction of an archbishop; as, an archiepiscopal
<i>see</i>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> The seat, place, or office of the
pope, or Roman pontiff; as, the papal <i>see</i>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
The pope or his court at Rome; as, to appeal to the <i>see</i> of
Rome.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Apostolic see</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Apostolic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1303 pr=PCP !></p>

<p><hw>See</hw> (s&emacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Saw</u> (s&add;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Seen</u> (s&emacr;n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seeing</u>.] [OE. <i>seen</i>, <i>sen</i>, <i>seon</i>, AS.
<i>se&oacute;n</i>; akin to OFries. <i>s&imacr;a</i>, D. <i>zien</i>,
OS. &amp; OHG. <i>sehan</i>, G. <i>sehen</i>, Icel. <i>sj&amacr;</i>, Sw.
<i>se</i>, Dan. <i>see</i>, Goth. <i>sa&iacute;hwan</i>, and probably
to L. <i>sequi</i> to follow (and so originally meaning, to follow
with the eyes). Gr. <grk>"e`pesqai</grk>, Skr. <i>sac</i>.  Cf.
<u>Sight</u>, <u>Sue</u> to follow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
perceive by the eye; to have knowledge of the existence and apparent
qualities of by the organs of sight; to behold; to descry; to
view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will now turn aside, and <i>see</i> this great
sight.</blockquote> <i>Ex. iii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perceive by mental vision; to form an
idea or conception of; to note with the mind; to observe; to discern;
to distinguish; to understand; to comprehend; to ascertain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, I pray thee, <i>see</i> whether it be well with thy
brethren.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxvii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jesus <i>saw</i> that he answered
discreetly.</blockquote> <i>Mark xii. 34.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who's so gross<BR>
That <i>seeth</i> not this palpable device?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To follow with the eyes, or as with the
eyes; to watch; to regard attentively; to look after.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I had a mind to <i>see</i> him out, and therefore did
not care for contradicting him.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have an interview with; especially, to
make a call upon; to visit; as, to go to <i>see</i> a
friend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Samuel came no more to <i>see</i> Saul until the
day of his death.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xv. 35.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To fall in with; to meet or associate with;
to have intercourse or communication with; hence, to have knowledge or
experience of; as, to <i>see</i> military service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make us glad according to the days wherein thou hast
afflicted us, and the years wherein we have <i>seen</i>
evil.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xc. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Verily, verily, I say unto you, if a man keep my
saying, he shall never <i>see</i> death.</blockquote> <i>John viii.
51.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Improvement in wisdom and prudence by <i>seeing</i>
men.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To accompany in person; to escort; to wait
upon; as, to <i>see</i> one home; to <i>see</i> one aboard the
cars.</def></p>

<p><col><b>God you</b></col> (<col><b>him, or me</b></col>, etc.)
<col><b>see</b></col>, <cd>God keep you (him, me, etc.) in his sight;
God protect you.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To
see</b></col> (anything) <col><b>out</b></col>, <cd>to see (it) to the
end; to be present at, or attend, to the end.</cd> -- <col><b>To see
stars</b></col>, <cd>to see flashes of light, like stars; -- sometimes
the result of concussion of the head.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To see
(one) through</b></col>, <cd>to help, watch, or guard (one) to the end
of a course or an undertaking.</cd></p>

<p><hw>See</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
have the power of sight, or of perceiving by the proper organs; to
possess or employ the sense of vision; as, he <i>sees</i>
distinctly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whereas I was blind, now I <i>see</i>.</blockquote>
<i>John ix. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: To have intellectual
apprehension; to perceive; to know; to understand; to discern; --
often followed by a preposition, as <i>through</i>, or
<i>into</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For judgment I am come into this world, that they which
<i>see</i> not might <i>see</i>; and that they which <i>see</i> might
be made blind.</blockquote> <i>John ix. 39.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many sagacious persons will find us out, . . . and
<i>see</i> through all our fine pretensions.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be attentive; to take care; to give
heed; -- generally with <i>to</i>; as, to <i>see</i> to the
house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>See</i> that ye fall not out by the
way.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xlv. 24.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Let me see</i>, <i>Let us see</i>, are used to express
consideration, or to introduce the particular consideration of a
subject, or some scheme or calculation.</p>

<p><blockquote>Cassio's a proper man, <i>let me see</i> now, -<BR>
To get his place.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>See</i> is sometimes used in the imperative for
<i>look</i>, or <i>behold</i>. "<i>See</i>. <i>see</i>! upon the banks
of Boyne he stands."  <i>Halifax.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To see about a thing</b></col>, <cd>to pay attention to it;
to consider it.</cd> -- <col><b>To see on</b></col>, <cd>to look
at.</cd> [Obs.] "She was full more blissful <i>on to see</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To see to</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To look at; to behold; to view</cd>. [Obs.] "An altar by Jordan, a
great altar <i>to see to</i>" <i>Josh. xxii. 10.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To take care about; to look after; as, <i>to
see to</i> a fire.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seed</hw> (s&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seed</b></plw> or <plw><b>Seeds</b></plw> (#). [OE.
<i>seed</i>, <i>sed</i>, AS. <i>s&aemacr;d</i>, fr. <i>s&amacr;wan</i>
to sow; akin to D. <i>zaad</i> seed, G. <i>saat</i>, Icel.
<i>s&amacr;&eth;</i>, <i>s&aelig;&eth;i</i>, Goth.
mana<i>s&emacr;&thorn;s</i> seed of men, world. See <u>Sow</u> to
scatter seed, and cf. <u>Colza</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A ripened ovule, consisting of an embryo with
one or more integuments, or coverings; as, an apple <i>seed</i>; a
currant <i>seed</i>. By germination it produces a new plant.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any small seedlike fruit, though it may
consist of a pericarp, or even a calyx, as well as the seed proper;
as, parsnip <i>seed</i>; thistle <i>seed</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And God said, Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb
yielding <i>seed</i>, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his
kind, whose <i>seed</i> is in itself.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i.
11.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The seed proper has an outer and an inner coat, and within
these the kernel or nucleus. The kernel is either the embryo alone, or
the embryo inclosed in the albumen, which is the material for the
nourishment of the developing embryo. The scar on a seed, left where
the stem parted from it, is called the <i>hilum</i>, and the closed
orifice of the ovule, the <i>micropyle</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The generative fluid of
the male; semen; sperm; -- not used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That from which anything springs; first
principle; original; source; as, the <i>seeds</i> of virtue or
vice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The principle of production.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Praise of great acts he scatters as a <i>seed</i>,<BR>
<i>Which may the like in coming ages breed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Progeny; offspring; children; descendants;
as, the <i>seed</i> of Abraham; the <i>seed</i> of David.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense the word is applied to one person, or to any
number collectively, and admits of the plural form, though rarely used
in the plural.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Race; generation; birth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of mortal <i>seed</i> they were not held.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Seed bag</b></col> <i>(Artesian well)</i>, <cd>a packing to
prevent percolation of water down the bore hole. It consists of a bag
encircling the tubing and filled with flax seed, which swells when wet
and fills the space between the tubing and the sides of the hole.</cd>
-- <col><b>Seed bud</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the germ or rudiment
of the plant in the embryo state; the ovule.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
coat</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the covering of a seed.</cd> --
<col><b>Seed corn</b></col>, or <col><b>Seed grain</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>corn or grain for seed.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
down</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the soft hairs on certain seeds, as
cotton seed.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed drill</b></col>.  <cd>See 6th
<u>Drill</u>, 2 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
eater</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any finch of the genera
<i>Sporophila</i>, and <i>Crithagra</i>. They feed mainly on
seeds.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed gall</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any gall which resembles a seed, formed on the leaves of various
plants, usually by some species of Phylloxera.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a cotyledon.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
lobe</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a cotyledon; a seed leaf.</cd> --
<col><b>Seed oil</b></col>, <cd>oil expressed from the seeds of
plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed oyster</b></col>, <cd>a young oyster,
especially when of a size suitable for transplantation to a new
locality.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed pearl</b></col>, <cd>a small pearl of
little value.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed plat</b></col>, or <col><b>Seed
plot</b></col>, <cd>the ground on which seeds are sown, to produce
plants for transplanting; a nursery.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
stalk</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the stalk of an ovule or seed; a
funicle.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed tick</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>one of several species of ticks resembling seeds in form and
color.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed vessel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>that
part of a plant which contains the seeds; a pericarp.</cd> --
<col><b>Seed weevil</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous small weevils, especially those of the genus <i>Apion</i>,
which live in the seeds of various plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Seed
wool</b></col>, <cd>cotton wool not yet cleansed of its seeds.</cd>
[Southern U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Seed</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To sow seed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shed the seed.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To grow to maturity, and produce
seed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many interests have grown up, and <i>seeded</i>, and
twisted their roots in the crevices of many wrongs.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seed</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seeded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seeding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle with seed; to
plant seeds in; to sow; as, to <i>seed</i> a field.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover thinly with something scattered;
to ornament with seedlike decorations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sable mantle <i>seeded</i> with waking
eyes.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To seed down</b></col>, <cd>to sow with grass
seed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seed"box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A capsule.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
plant (<i>Ludwigia alternifolia</i>) which has somewhat cubical or
box-shaped capsules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seed"cake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sweet cake or
cooky containing aromatic seeds, as caraway.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seed"cod`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seedlip.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Seed"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, sows or plants seed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seed`i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being seedy, shabby, or worn out; a state of wretchedness or
exhaustion.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What is called <i>seediness</i>, after a debauch, is a
plain proof that nature has been outraged.</blockquote> <i>J. S.
Blackie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seed"-lac`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A species of
lac. See the Note under <u>Lac</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seed"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without seed or
seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seed"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant reared from the seed, as distinguished from one propagated by
layers, buds, or the like.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seed"lip`</hw> (?), <hw>Seed"lop`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&aemacr;dle&aacute;p</i>;
<i>s&aemacr;d</i> seed + <i>le&aacute;p</i> basket.] <def>A vessel in
which a sower carries the seed to be scattered.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Seed"man</hw> (?), <def>See <u>Seedsman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seed"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Seedtime.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seeds"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seedsmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sower; one who sows or scatters seed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>seedsman</i><BR>
Upon the slime and ooze scatters his grain.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who deals in seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seed"time`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>s&aemacr;dt&imacr;ma</i>.] <def>The season proper for
sowing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While the earth remaineth, <i>seedtime</i> and harvest,
and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night, shall not
cease.</blockquote>  <i>Gen. viii. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seed"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Seedier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Seediest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with seeds; bearing seeds; having run to
seeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a peculiar flavor supposed to be
derived from the weeds growing among the vines; -- said of certain
kinds of French brandy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Old and worn out; exhausted; spiritless;
also, poor and miserable looking; shabbily clothed; shabby looking;
as, he looked <i>seedy</i>; a <i>seedy</i> coat.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Little Flanigan here . . . is a little <i>seedy</i>, as
we say among us that practice the law.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Seedy toe</b></col>, <cd>an affection of a horse's foot, in
which a cavity filled with horn powder is formed between the
lamin&aelig; and the wall of the hoof.</cd></p>

<p><hw>See"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj. (but originally a present
participle)</i></pos>. <def>In view of the fact (that);
considering; taking into account (that); insmuch as; since; because; -
- followed by a dependent clause; as, he did well, <i>seeing</i> that
he was so young.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore come ye to me, <i>seeing</i> ye hate
me?</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxvi. 27.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seek</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sick.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seek</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sought</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seeking</u>.] [OE. <i>seken</i>, AS. <i>s&emacr;can</i>,
<i>s&emacr;cean</i>; akin to OS. <i>s&omacr;kian</i>, LG.
<i>s&ouml;ken</i>, D. <i>zoeken</i>, OHG. <i>suohhan</i>, G.
<i>suchen</i>, Icel. <i>s&aelig;kja</i>, Sw. <i>s&ouml;ka</i>, Dan.
<i>s&ouml;ge</i>, Goth. <i>s&omacr;kjan</i>, and E. <i>sake</i>.  Cf.
<u>Beseech</u>, <u>Ransack</u>, <u>Sagacious</u>, <u>Sake</u>,
<u>Soc</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go in search of; to look for;
to search for; to try to find.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man asked him, saying, What <i>seekest</i> thou?
And he said, I <i>seek</i> my brethren.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxvii.
15, 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inquire for; to ask for; to solicit; to
beseech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others, tempting him, <i>sought</i> of him a
sign.</blockquote> <i>Luke xi. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To try to acquire or gain; to strive after;
to aim at; as, to <i>seek</i> wealth or fame; to <i>seek</i> one's
life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To try to reach or come to; to go to; to
resort to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Seek</i> not Bethel, nor enter into
Gilgal.</blockquote> <i>Amos v. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Since great Ulysses <i>sought</i> the Phrygian
plains.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seek</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make search or
inquiry; to endeavor to make discovery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Seek</i> ye out of the book of the Lord, and
read.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxxiv. 16.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To seek</b></col>, <cd>needing to seek or search; hence,
unprepared.</cd> "Unpracticed, unprepared, and still <i>to seek</i>."
<i>Milton.</i> [Obs.] -- <col><b>To seek after</b></col>, <cd>to make
pursuit of; to attempt to find or take.</cd> -- <col><b>To seek
for</b></col>, <cd>to endeavor to find.</cd> -- <col><b>To seek
to</b></col>, <cd>to apply to; to resort to; to court.</cd> [Obs.]
"All the earth <i>sought to</i> Solomon, to hear his wisdom." <i>1
Kings x. 24.</i> -- <col><b>To seek upon</b></col>, <cd>to make strict
inquiry after; to follow up; to persecute.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>To seek</i><BR>
<i>Upon</i> a man and do his soul unrest.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seek"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who seeks; that which is used in seeking or
searching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One of a small heterogeneous
sect of the 17th century, in Great Britain, who professed to be
seeking the true church, ministry, and sacraments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A skeptic [is] ever seeking and never finds, like our
new upstart sect of <i>Seekers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bullokar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seek"-no-fur`ther</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
choice winter apple, having a subacid taste; -- formerly called <i>go-
no-further</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seek"-sor`row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
contrives to give himself vexation.</def> [Archaic.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seel</hw> (s&emacr;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Seeled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seeling</u>.] [F. <i>siller</i>, <i>ciller</i>, fr. <i>cil</i> an
eyelash, L. <i>cilium</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i>
<def>To close the eyes of (a hawk or other bird) by drawing through
the lids threads which were fastened over the head.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fools climb to fall: fond hopes, like <i>seeled</i>
doves for want of better light, mount till they end their flight with
falling.</blockquote> <i>J. Reading.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to shut or close, as the eyes; to
blind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, <i>seeling</i> night,<BR>
Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cold death, with a violent fate, his sable eyes did
<i>seel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. <i>sielen</i> to
lead off water, F. <i>siller</i> to run ahead, to make headway, E.
<i>sile</i>, v.t.] <def>To incline to one side; to lean; to roll, as a
ship at sea.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seel</hw> (?), <hw>Seel"ing</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The rolling or agitation of a ship in a storm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&aemacr;l</i>, from
<i>s&aemacr;l</i> good, prosperous. See <u>Silly</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Good fortune; favorable opportunity;
prosperity. [Obs.] "So have I <i>seel</i>".</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Time; season; as, hay <i>seel</i>.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Seel"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a silly
manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Seel"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Silly</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem</hw> (s&emacr;m), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Seemed</u> (s&emacr;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Seeming</u>.] [OE. <i>semen</i> to seem, to become,
befit, AS. <i>s&emacr;man</i> to satisfy, pacify; akin to Icel.
<i>s&aelig;ma</i> to honor, to bear with, conform to,
<i>s&aelig;mr</i> becoming, fit, <i>s&omacr;ma</i> to beseem, to
befit, <i>sama</i> to beseem, <i>semja</i> to arrange, settle, put
right, Goth. <i>samjan</i> to please, and to E. <i>same</i>. The sense
is probably due to the adj. <i>seemly</i>. &radic;191. See
<u>Same</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Seemly</u>.] <def>To
appear, or to appear to be; to have a show or semblance; to present an
appearance; to look; to strike one's apprehension or fancy as being;
to be taken as.</def> "It now <i>seemed</i> probable."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou picture of what thou <i>seem'st</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>seemed</i> well pleased; all <i>seemed</i>, but
were not all.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a way which <i>seemeth</i> right unto a man;
but the end thereof are the ways of death.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xiv.
12.</i></p>

<p><col><b>It seems</b></col>, <cd>it appears; it is understood as
true; it is said.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>A prince of Italy, <i>it seems</i>, entertained his
mistress on a great lake.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To appear; look.  -- <u>Seem</u>, <u>Appear</u>. To
<i>appear</i> has reference to a thing's being presented to our view;
as, the sun <i>appears</i>; to <i>seem</i> is connected with the idea
of <i>semblance</i>, and usually implies an inference of our mind as
to the probability of a thing's being so; as, a storm <i>seems</i> to
be coming. "The story <i>appears</i> to be true," means that the
facts, as presented, go to show its truth; "the story <i>seems</i> to
be true," means that it has the semblance of being so, and we infer
that it is true. "His first and principal care being to <i>appear</i>
unto his people such as he would have them be, and to be such as he
<i>appeared</i>." <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ham.</i> Ay, madam, it is common.<BR>
<i>Queen</i>.  If it be,<BR>
Why <i>seems</i> it so particular with thee?<BR>
<i>Ham.</i>  <i>Seems</i>, madam! Nay, it is; I know not
"<i>seems</i>."</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To befit; to
beseem.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who seems; one
who carries or assumes an appearance or semblance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hence shall we see,<BR>
If power change purpose, what our <i>seemers</i> be.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a semblance,
whether with or without reality; apparent; specious; befitting; as,
<i>seeming</i> friendship; <i>seeming</i> truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord, you have lost a friend indeed;<BR>
And I dare swear you borrow not that face<BR>
Of <i>seeming</i> sorrow, it is sure your own.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Appearance; show; semblance; fair appearance;
speciousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These keep<BR>
<i>Seeming</i> and savor all the winter long.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apprehension; judgment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing more clear unto their
<i>seeming</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His persuasive words, impregned<BR>
With reason, to her <i>seeming</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In appearance; in
show; in semblance; apparently; ostensibly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This the father <i>seemingly</i> complied
with.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Semblance; fair
appearance; plausibility.</def>  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unseemly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a seemly
manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Seem"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being seemly: comeliness; propriety.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1304 !></p>

<p><hw>Seem"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos><u>Seemlier</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Seeliest</u>.] [Icel. <i>s&?;miligr</i>,
fr. <i>s&?;mr</i> becoming, fit; akin to <i>samr</i> same, E.
<i>same</i>; the sense being properly, the same or like, hence,
fitting. See <u>Seem</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Suited to the
object, occasion, purpose, or character; suitable; fit; becoming;
comely; decorous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had a <i>seemly</i> nose.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a woman, lacking wit<BR>
To make a <i>seemly</i> answer to such persons.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Suspense of judgment and exercise of charity were safer
and <i>seemlier</i> for Christian men than the hot pursuit of these
controversies.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Becoming; fit; suitable; proper; appropriate;
congruous; meet; decent; decorous.</p>

<p><hw>Seem"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Seemlier</u>; <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Seemliest</u>.] <def>In a decent or suitable manner;
becomingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Suddenly a men before him stood,<BR>
Not rustic as before, but <i>seemlier</i> clad,<BR>
As one in city or court or place bred.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seem"ly*hed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>-hood</u>.]
<def>Comely or decent appearance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seen</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>See</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seen</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Versed; skilled;
accomplished.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Well <i>seen</i> in every science that mote
be.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Noble Boyle, not less in nature <i>seen</i>,<BR>
Than his great brother read in states and men.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seep</hw> (?), or <hw>Sipe</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&imacr;pan</i> to distill.] <def>To run or soak
through fine pores and interstices; to ooze.</def> [Scot. &amp; U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Water <i>seeps</i> up through the
sidewalks.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seep"age</hw> (?), or <hw>Sip"age</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Water that seeped or oozed through a porous
soil.</def> [Scot. &amp; U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Seep"y</hw> (?), or <hw>Sip"y</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Oozy; -- applied to land under cultivation that is not well
drained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seer</hw> (s&emacr;r), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sore;
painful.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"er</hw> (s&emacr;"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who sees.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seer</hw> (s&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>See</u>.]
<def>A person who foresees events; a prophet.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seer"ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female seer; a
prophetess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seer"fish`</hw> (-f&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A scombroid food fish of Madeira (<i>Cybium
Commersonii</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Seer"hand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A kind of muslin of a texture between nainsook and
mull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seer"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or quality
of a seer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seer"suck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light
fabric, originally made in the East Indies, of silk and linen, usually
having alternating stripes, and a slightly craped or puckered surface;
also, a cotton fabric of similar appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seer"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sear</u>.]
<def>Dry wood.</def> [Written also <i>searwood</i>.] [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>See"saw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably a
reduplication of <i>saw</i>, to express the alternate motion to and
fro, as in the act of sawing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A play among
children in which they are seated upon the opposite ends of a plank
which is balanced in the middle, and move alternately up and
down.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plank or board adjusted for this
play.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vibratory or reciprocating
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has been arguing in a circle; there is thus a
<i>seesaw</i> between the hypothesis and fact.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Whist.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Crossruff</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>See"saw`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seesawad</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seesawing</u>.] <def>To move with a reciprocating motion; to move
backward and forward, or upward and downward.</def></p>

<p><hw>See"saw`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to move
backward and forward in seesaw fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>seesaws</i> himself to and fro.</blockquote>
<i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>See"saw`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moving up and down, or
to and fro; having a reciprocating motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seet</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Sit</u>.
<def>Sate; sat.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seeth</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Seethe</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seethe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Seethed</u> (?) (<u>Sod</u> (&?;), obs.);
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Seethed</u>, <u>Sodden</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Seething</u>.] [OE.
<i>sethen</i>, AS. <i>se&oacute;&?;an</i>; akin to D. <i>sieden</i>,
OHG. <i>siodan</i>, G.  <i>sieden</i>, Icel. <i>sj&?;&?;a</i>, Sw.
<i>sjuda</i>, Dan. <i>syde</i>, Goth. <i>saubs</i> a burnt offering.
Cf. <u>Sod</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Sodden</u>, <u>Suds</u>.]
<def>To decoct or prepare for food in hot liquid; to boil; as, to
<i>seethe</i> flesh.</def> [Written also <i>seeth</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Set on the great pot, and <i>seethe</i> pottage for the
sons of the prophets.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings iv. 38.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seethe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be a state of
ebullition or violent commotion; to be hot; to boil.</def>  <i>1 Sam.
ii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A long Pointe, round which the Mississippi used to
whirl, and <i>seethe</i>, and foam.</blockquote> <i>G. W.
Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seeth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pot for boiling
things; a boiler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like burnished gold the little <i>seether</i>
shone.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sedge</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sedge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The gladen, and other species of
Iris.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seg</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from the root of L.
<i>secare</i> to cut.] <def>A castrated bull.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*gar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cigar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seg"gar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>saggard</i>
a seggar, <i>seggard</i> a sort of riding surtout, contr. fr.
<i>safeguard</i>.] <def>A case or holder made of fire clay, in which
fine pottery is inclosed while baking in the kin.</def> [Written also
<i>saggar</i>, <i>sagger</i>, and <i>segger</i>.]  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Segge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The hedge sparrow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seg"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>segmentum</i>,
fr. <i>secare</i> to cut, cut off: cf. F. <i>segment</i>. See
<u>Saw</u> a cutting instrument.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the
parts into which any body naturally separates or is divided; a part
divided or cut off; a section; a portion; as, a <i>segment</i> of an
orange; a <i>segment</i> of a compound or divided leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A part cut off from a figure
by a line or plane; especially, that part of a circle contained
between a chord and an arc of that circle, or so much of the circle as
is cut off by the chord; as, the <i>segment acb</i> in the
Illustration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A piece
in the form of the sector of a circle, or part of a ring; as, the
<i>segment</i> of a sectional fly wheel or flywheel rim.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A segment gear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
the cells or division formed by segmentation, as in egg cleavage or in
fissiparous cell formation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the
divisions, rings, or joints into which many animal bodies are divided;
a somite; a metamere; a somatome.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Segment gear</b></col>, <cd>a piece for receiving or
communicating reciprocating motion from or to a cogwheel, consisting
of a sector of a circular gear, or ring, having cogs on the periphery,
or face.</cd> -- <col><b>Segment of a line</b></col>, <cd>the part of
a line contained between two points on it.</cd> -- <col><b>Segment of
a sphere</b></col>, <cd>the part of a sphere cut off by a plane, or
included between two parallel planes.</cd> -- <col><b>Ventral
segment</b></col>. <i>(Acoustics)</i> <cd>See <u>Loor</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seg"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>To divide or separate into parts in growth; to undergo
segmentation, or cleavage, as in the segmentation of the
ovum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seg*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Relating to, or being, a segment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Of or pertaining to the segments of animals; as, a
<i>segmental</i> duct; <i>segmental</i> papill&aelig;.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the segmental
organs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Segmental duct</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the primitive
duct of the embryonic excretory organs which gives rise to the
Wolffian duct and ureter; the pronephric duct.</cd> --
<col><b>Segmental organs</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<cd>The embryonic excretory organs of vertebrates, consisting
primarily of the segmental tubes and segmental ducts</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>The tubular excretory
organs, a pair of which often occur in each of several segments in
annelids. They serve as renal organs, and often, also, as oviducts and
sperm ducts. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Sipunculacea</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Segmental tubes</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the tubes which
primarily open into the segmental duct, some of which become the
urinary tubules of the adult.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seg`men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of dividing into segments; specifically <i>(Biol.)</i>, a
self-division into segments as a result of growth; cell cleavage; cell
multiplication; endogenous cell formation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Segmentation cavity</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the
cavity formed by the arrangement of the cells in segmentation or
cleavage of the ovum; the cavity of the blastosphere. In the gastrula
stage, the segmentation cavity in which the mesoblast is formed lies
between the entoblast and ectoblast. See Illust. of
<u>Invagination</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Segmentation nucleus</b></col>
<i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the body formed by fusion of the male and female
pronucleus in an impregnated ovum. See the Note under
<u>Pronucleus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Segmentation of the ovum</b></col>,
or <col><b>Egg cleavage</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the process by
which the embryos of all the higher plants and animals are derived
from the germ cell. In the simplest case, that of small ova destitute
of food yolk, the ovum or egg divides into two similar halves or
segments (blastomeres), each of these again divides into two, and so
on, thus giving rise to a mass of cells (mulberry mass, or
<i>morula</i>), all equal and similar, from the growth and development
of which the future animal is to be formed. This constitutes
<i>regular segmentation</i>. Quite frequently, however, the equality
and regularity of cleavage is interfered with by the presence of food
yolk, from which results <i>unequal segmentation</i>. See
<u>Holoblastic</u>, <u>Meroblastic</u>, <u>Alecithal</u>,
<u>Centrolecithal</u>, <u>Ectolecithal</u>, and <u>Ovum</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Segmentation sphere</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the
blastosphere, or morula. See <u>Morula</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seg"ment*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Divided into
segments or joints; articulated.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seg"ni*tude</hw> (?), <hw>Seg"ni*ty</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>segnitas</i>, fr. <i>segnis</i> slow,
sluggish.] <def>Sluggishness; dullness; inactivity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Se"gno</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See <u>Sign</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A sign. See <u>Al segno</u>, and <u>Dal
segno</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
liliaceous plant (<i>Calochortus Nuttallii</i>) of Western North
America, and its edible bulb; -- so called by the Ute Indians and the
Mormons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seg"re*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>segregatus</i>, p. p. of <i>segregare</i> to separate; pref. <i>se-
</i> aside + <i>grex</i>, <i>gregis</i>, a flock or herd. See
<u>Gregarious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Separate;
select.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Separated from others of the
same kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seg"re*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Segregated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Segregating</u>.] <def>To separate from others; to set
apart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are still <i>segregated</i>, Christians from
Christians, under odious designations.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seg"re*gate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>To separate from a mass, and collect together about centers or
along lines of fracture, as in the process of crystallization or
solidification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seg`re*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>segregatio</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;gr&eacute;gation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of segregating, or the state of being
segregated; separation from others; a parting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Separation from a mass, and
gathering about centers or into cavities at hand through cohesive
attraction or the crystallizing process.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Seiches</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Local oscillations in level observed in the case
of some lakes, as Lake Geneva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar <i>seyid</i> prince.]
<def>A descendant of Mohammed through his daughter Fatima and nephew
Ali.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seid"litz</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Seidlitz, a village in Bohemia.</def> [Written also
<i>Sedlitz</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Seidlitz powders</b></col>, <cd>effervescing salts,
consisting of two separate powders, one of which contains forty grains
of sodium bicarbonate mixed with two drachms of Rochell&?; salt
(tartrate of potassium and sodium) and the other contains thirty-five
grains of tartaric acid. The powders are mixed in water, and drunk
while effervescing, as a mild cathartic; -- so called from the
resemblance to the natural water of Seidlitz. Called also <i>Rochelle
powders</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Seidlitz water</b></col>, <cd>a natural
water from Seidlitz, containing magnesium, sodium, calcium, and
potassium sulphates, with calcium carbonate and a little magnesium
chloride. It is used as an aperient.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seigh</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. imp. sing.</i></pos> of
<u>See</u>. <u>Saw</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seign*eu"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>seigneur</i>. See <u>Seignior</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the lord of a manor; manorial.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vested with large powers;
independent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seign"ior</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>seignor</i>,
F. <i>seigneur</i>, cf. It. <i>signore</i>, Sp. <i>se&ntilde;or</i>
from an objective case of L. <i>senier</i> elder. See <u>Senior</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lord; the lord of a manor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A title of honor or of address in the South
of Europe, corresponding to <i>Sir</i> or <i>Mr</i>. in
English.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grand Seignior</b></col>, <cd>the sultan of
Turkey.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seign"ior*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>seigneuriage</i>, OF. <i>seignorage</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something claimed or taken by virtue of sovereign prerogative;
specifically, a charge or toll deducted from bullion brought to a mint
to be coined; the difference between the cost of a mass of bullion and
the value as money of the pieces coined from it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If government, however, throws the expense of coinage,
as is reasonable, upon the holders, by making a charge to cover the
expense (which is done by giving back rather less in coin than has
been received in bullion, and is called "levying a
<i>seigniorage</i>"), the coin will rise to the extent of the
<i>seigniorage</i> above the value of the bullion.</blockquote> <i>J.
S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A share of the receipts of a business taken
in payment for the use of a right, as a copyright or a
patent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seign"ior*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a seignior; seigneurial.</def> "Kingly or
<i>seignioral</i> patronage."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seign"ior*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
territory or authority of a seignior, or lord.</def>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seign*io"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Seigneurial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seign"ior*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lord it
over.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As proud as he that <i>seigniorizeth</i>
hell.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seign"ior*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>seignorie</i>, OF.
<i>seigneurie</i>, F. <i>seigneurie</i>; cf. It. <i>signoria</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The power or authority of a lord;
dominion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'Neal never had any <i>seigniory</i> over that country
but what by encroachment he got upon the English.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The territory over which a lord holds
jurisdiction; a manor.</def> [Written also <i>seigneury</i>, and
<i>seignory</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Seine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>seine</i>, or AS.
<i>segene</i>, b&?;th fr. L. <i>sagena</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.]
<i>(Fishing.)</i> <def>A large net, one edge of which is provided with
sinkers, and the other with floats. It hangs vertically in the water,
and when its ends are brought together or drawn ashore incloses the
fish.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seine boat</b></col>, <cd>a boat specially constructed to
carry and pay out a seine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sein"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fishes with
a seine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sein"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fishing with a
seine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cincture</u>.]
<def>A girdle.</def> [Obs.] "Girt with a <i>seint</i> of silk."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A saint.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sein"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sanctuary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Seir"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Seerfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sei"ro*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; a
cord + E. <i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of several spores
arranged in a chain as in certain alg&aelig; of the genus
<i>Callithamnion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seize</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This is the common spelling in the law phrase <i>to be
seised of</i> (an estate).</p>

<p><hw>Sei"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seizin</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seis"mic</hw> (?), <hw>Seis"mal</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>seismo`s</grk> an earthquake, from
<grk>sei`ein</grk> to shake.] <def>Of or pertaining to an earthquake;
caused by an earthquake.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seismic vertical</b></col>, <cd>the point upon the earth's
surface vertically over the center of effort or focal point whence the
earthquake's impulse proceeds, or the vertical line connecting these
two points.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seis"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; an
earthquake + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An apparatus for
registering the shocks and undulatory motions of
earthquakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis`mo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a seismograph; indicated by a seismograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis*mog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A writing about, or a description of,
earthquakes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of registering the shocks and
undulatory movements of earthquakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis`mo*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to seismology.</def> -- <wf>Seis`mo*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Seis*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; an
earthquake + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of earthquakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; an
earthquake + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for
measuring the direction, duration, and force of earthquakes and like
concussions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis`mo*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to seismometry, or seismometer; as, <i>seismometric</i>
instruments; <i>seismometric</i> measurements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis*mom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
mensuration of such phenomena of earthquakes as can be expressed in
numbers, or by their relation to the co&ouml;rdinates of
space.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis"mo*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; an
earthquake + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A
seismometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>se</i> one's
self.] <def>Something peculiar to one's self.</def> [R.]
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seiz"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
seized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seizing</u>.] [OE. <i>seisen</i>, <i>saisen</i>, OF. <i>seisir</i>,
<i>saisir</i>, F. <i>saisir</i>, of Teutonic origin, and akin to E.
<i>set</i>. The meaning is properly, to set, put, place, hence, to put
in possession of. See <u>Set</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fall or rush upon suddenly and lay hold of;
to gripe or grasp suddenly; to reach and grasp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For by no means the high bank he could
<i>seize</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Seek you to <i>seize</i> and gripe into your hands<BR>
The royalties and rights of banished Hereford?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1305 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take possession of by force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At last they <i>seize</i><BR>
The scepter, and regard not David's sons.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To invade suddenly; to take sudden hold of;
to come upon suddenly; as, a fever <i>seizes</i> a patient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hope and deubt alternate <i>seize</i> her
seul.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(law)</i> <def>To take possession of by
virtue of a warrant or other legal authority; as, the sheriff
<i>seized</i> the debtor's goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To fasten; to fix.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As when a bear hath <i>seized</i> her cruel claws<BR>
Upon the carcass of some beast too weak.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To grap with the mind; to comprehend fully
and distinctly; as, to <i>seize</i> an idea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To bind or fasten together
with a lashing of small stuff, as yarn or marline; as, to <i>seize</i>
ropes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word, by writers on law, is commonly written
<i>seise</i>, in the phrase <i>to be seised of</i> (an estate), as
also, in composition, <i>disseise</i>, <i>disseisin</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>To be seized of</b></col>, <cd>to have possession, or right
of possession; as, A B was <i>seized</i> and possessed <i>of</i> the
manor of Dale.</cd> "Whom age might <i>see seized of</i> what youth
made prize." <i>Chapman.</i> -- <col><b>To seize on</b></col> or
<col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to fall on and grasp; to take hold on; to
take possession of suddenly and forcibly.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To catch; grasp; clutch; snatch; apprehend; arrest;
take; capture.</p>

<p><hw>Seiz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, seizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sei"zin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>saisine</i>. See
<u>Seize</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Possession;
possession of an estate of froehold. It may be either in <i>deed</i>
or in <i>law</i>; the former when there is actual possession, the
latter when there is a right to such possession by construction of
law. In some of the United States <i>seizin</i> means merely
<i>ownership</i>.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of taking possession.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The thing possessed; property.</def>
<i>Sir M. Halle.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Commonly spelt by writers on law <i>seisin</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Livery of seizin</b></col>. <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <cd>See Note
under <u>Livery</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Seiz"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of taking or grasping suddenly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
operation of fastening together or lashing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The cord or lashing used for such fastening.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sei"zor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One
who seizes, or takes possession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sei"zure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of seizing, or the state of being seized; sudden and
violent grasp or gripe; a taking into possession; as, the
<i>seizure</i> of a thief, a property, a throne, etc. </def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Retention within one's grasp or power;
hold; possession; ownership.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make o'er thy honor by a deed of trust,<BR>
And give me <i>seizure</i> of the mighty wealth.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is seized, or taken possession
of; a thing laid hold of, or possessed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se"jant</hw>, <hw>Se"jeant</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[F. <i>s&eacute;ant</i>, p. pr. of <i>seoir</i> to sit, L.
<i>sedere</i>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Sitting, as a lion or other
beast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sejant rampant</b></col>, <cd>sitting with the forefeet
lifted up.</cd>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*jein"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sejungere</i>; pref. <i>se-</i> aside + <i>jungere</i> to join. See
<u>Join</u>.] <def>To separate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*junc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sejunctio</i>. See <u>Sejoin</u>.] <def>The act of disjoining, or
the state of being disjoined.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*jun"gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sejoin</u>.] <def>Capable of being disjoined.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seke</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sick.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To seek.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Se"kes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;
a pen, a sacred inclosure, a shrine.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A place in a
pagan temple in which the images of the deities were
inclosed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*la"chi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Selachii. See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*la"chi*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; a fish having cartilages instead of bones.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of elasmobranchs including the
sharks and rays; the Plagiostomi. Called also <i>Selacha</i>,
<i>Selache</i>, and <i>Selachoidei</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sel`a*choi"de*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Selachii</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Selachii</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sel`a*chos"to*mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Selachii</u>, and <u>Stoma</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of ganoid fishes which includes the paddlefish, in which the
mouth is armed with small teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sel`a*gi*nel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>selago</i>, <i>-inis</i>, a kind of plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of cryptogamous plants resembling Lycopodia, but producing two
kinds of spores; also, any plant of this genus. Many species are
cultivated in conservatories.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>sel&amacr;h</i>.] <i>(Script.)</i> <def>A word of doubtful meaning,
occuring frequently in the Psalms; by some, supposed to signify
silence or a pause in the musical performance of the song.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beyond the fact that <i>Selah</i> is a musical term, we
know absolutely nothing about it.</blockquote> <i>Dr. W. Smith (Bib.
Dict.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"couth</hw> (s&ebreve;l"k&oomac;th), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>selc&umacr;&eth;</i>, <i>seldc&umacr;&eth;</i>; <i>seld</i>
rare + <i>c&umacr;&eth;</i> known. See <u>Uncouth</u>.] <def>Rarely
known; unusual; strange.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[She] wondered much at his so <i>selcouth</i>
case.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seld</hw> (s&ebreve;ld), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Seldom</u>.] <def>Rare; uncommon; unusual.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seld</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Rarely; seldom.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"den</hw> (-s<i>e</i>n), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Seldom.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"dom</hw> (-d&ubreve;m), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Usually,
<pos><i>Compar</i></pos>. <u>More seldom</u> (m&omacr;r");
<pos><i>superl</i></pos>. <u>Most seldom</u> (m&omacr;st"); but
sometimes also, <u>Seldomer</u> (-&etilde;r), <u>Seldomest</u>.] [AS.
<i>seldan</i>, <i>seldon</i>, <i>seldum</i>, fr. <i>seld</i> rare;
akin to OFries. <i>sielden</i>, D. <i>zelden</i>, G. <i>selten</i>,
OHG. <i>seltan</i>, Icel. <i>sjaldan</i>, Dan. <i>sielden</i>, Sw.
<i>s&auml;llan</i>, Goth. <i>sildaleiks</i> marvelous.] <def>Rarely;
not often; not frequently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wisdom and youth are <i>seldom</i> joined in
one.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rare;
infrequent.</def> [Archaic.] "A suppressed and <i>seldom</i> anger."
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"dom*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Rareness.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seld"seen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>seldsiene</i>.] <def>Seldom seen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seld"shewn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Seld</i> +
<i>shown</i>.] <def>Rarely shown or exhibited.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>selectus</i>, p.
p. of <i>seligere</i> to select; pref. <i>se-</i> aside +
<i>levere</i> to gather. See <u>Legend</u>.] <def>Taken from a number
by preferance; picked out as more valuable or exellent than others; of
special value or exellence; nicely chosen; selected; choice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A few <i>select</i> spirits had separated from the
crowd, and formed a fit audience round a far greater
teacher.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Selected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Selecting</u>.] <def>To choose and take from a number; to take by
preference from among others; to pick out; to cull; as, to
<i>select</i> the best authors for perusal.</def> "One peculiar nation
to <i>select</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The pious chief . . . <BR>
A hundred youths from all his train <i>selects</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With care and
selection.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*lec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>selectio</i>:
cf. F. <i>s&eacute;lection</i>.] . <def>The act of selecting, or the
state of being selected; choice, by preference.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is selected; a collection of
things chosen; as, a choice <i>selection</i> of books.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Natural selection</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Natural</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Selecting;
tending to select.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>selective</i> providence of the
Almighty.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Selectmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One of a board of town
officers chosen annually in the New England States to transact the
general public business of the town, and have a kind of executive
authority. The number is usually from three to seven in each
town.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The system of delegated town action was then, perhaps,
the same which was defined in an "order made in 1635 by the
inhabitants of Charlestown at a full meeting for the government of the
town, by <i>selectmen</i>;" the name presently extended throughout New
England to municipal governors.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being select.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*lect"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
selects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel"e*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of selenic acid; -- formerly called also
<i>seleniate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`en*hy"dric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, hydrogen selenide,
H<sub>2</sub>Se, regarded as an acid analogous to sulphydric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*len"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;l&eacute;nique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to selenium; derived from, or containing, selenium; specifically,
designating those compounds in which the element has a higher valence
as contrasted with <i>selenious</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel"e*nide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
binary compound of selenium, or a compound regarded as binary; as,
ethyl <i>selenide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Selenium</i> + <i>-ferous</i>. ] <def>Containing, or impregnated
with, selenium; as, <i>seleniferous</i> pyrites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*le"ni*o-</hw> (&?;). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form
(also used adjectively) denoting the <i>presence of selenium</i> or
<i>its compounds</i>; as, <i>selenio</i>-phosphate, a phosphate having
selenium in place of all, or a part, of the oxygen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*le"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;l&eacute;nieux</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or containing, selenium; specifically, designating those compounds
in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with
<i>selenic</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel"e*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of selenious acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel"e*nite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>selenites</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; (sc. &?;&?;&?;), from <grk>selh`nh</grk> the moon. So
called from a fancied resemblance in luster or appearance to the
moon.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of gypsum, occuring in transparent
crystals or crystalline masses.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sel`e*nit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sel`e*nit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to selenite;
resembling or containing selenite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*le"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>selh`nh</grk> the moon. So called because of its chemical analogy
to <i>tellurium</i> (from L. <i>tellus</i> the earth), being, as it
were, a companion to it.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nonmetallic element of
the sulphur group, and analogous to sulphur in its compounds. It is
found in small quantities with sulphur and some sulphur ores, and
obtained in the free state as a dark reddish powder or crystalline
mass, or as a dark metallic-looking substance. It exhibits under the
action of light a remarkable variation in electric conductivity, and
is used in certain electric apparatus. Symbol Se. Atomic weight
78.9.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*ni"u*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A selenide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*ni"u*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined with selenium as in a selenide; as, <i>seleniureted</i>
hydrogen.</def> [Written also <i>seleniuretted</i>.] [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*le`no*cen"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>selh`nh</grk> the moon + E. <i>centric</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>As seen or estimated from the center of the moon; with the moon
central.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*le"no*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A picture or
delineation of the moon's surface, or of any part of it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*nog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in selenography.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sel`e*no*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sel`e*no*graph"i*cal</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;l&eacute;nographique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
selenography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*nog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
selenographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
the moon + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The science that treats of the
physical features of the moon; -- corresponding to <i>physical
geography</i> in respect to the earth.</def> "Accurate
<i>selenography</i>, or description of the moon."  <i>Sir T. Browne.
</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*nol"o*gy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>selh`nh</grk> the moon + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of
astronomy which treats of the moon.</def> --
<wf>Sel`e*no*log"i*cal</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sel`e*no"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Selen</i>ium
+ sulph<i>onium</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical of
selenium, analogous to sulphonium.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Self</hw> (s&ebreve;lf), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>self</i>,
<i>seolf</i>, <i>sylf</i>; akin to OS. <i>self</i>, OFries.
<i>self</i>, D. <i>zelf</i>, G. <i>selb</i>, <i>selber</i>,
<i>selbst</i>, Dan. <i>selv</i>. Sw. <i>sjelf</i>, Icel.
<i>sj&amacr;lfr</i>, Goth. <i>silba</i>.  Cf. <u>Selvage</u>.]
<def>Same; particular; very; identical.</def> [Obs., except in the
compound selfsame.] "On these <i>self</i> hills."  <i>Sir. W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To shoot another arrow that <i>self</i> way<BR>
Which you did shoot the first.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At that <i>self</i> moment enters Palamon.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Selves</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The individual
as the object of his own reflective consciousness; the man viewed by
his own cognition as the subject of all his mental phenomena, the
agent in his own activities, the subject of his own feelings, and the
possessor of capacities and character; a person as a distinct
individual; a being regarded as having personality.</def> "Those who
liked their real <i>selves</i>."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man's <i>self</i> may be the worst fellow to converse
with in the world.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>self</i>, the I, is recognized in every act of
intelligence as the subject to which that act belongs. It is I that
perceive, I that imagine, I that remember, I that attend, I that
compare, I that feel, I that will, I that am conscious.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, personal interest, or love of
private interest; selfishness; as, <i>self</i> is his whole
aim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Personification; embodiment.</def>
[Poetic.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She was beauty's <i>self</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Self</i> is united to certain personal pronouns and
pronominal adjectives to express emphasis or distinction. Thus, for
emphasis; I <i>myself</i> will write; I will examine for
<i>myself</i>; thou <i>thyself</i> shalt go; thou shalt see for
<i>thyself</i>; you <i>yourself</i> shall write; you shall see for
<i>yourself</i>; he <i>himself</i> shall write; he shall examine for
<i>himself</i>; she <i>herself</i> shall write; she shall examine for
<i>herself</i>; the child <i>itself</i> shall be carried; it shall be
present <i>itself</i>. It is also used reflexively; as, I abhor
<i>myself</i>; thou enrichest <i>thyself</i>; he loves <i>himself</i>;
she admires <i>herself</i>; it pleases <i>itself</i>; we walue
<i>ourselves</i>; ye hurry <i>yourselves</i>; they see
<i>themselves</i>. <i>Himself</i>, <i>herself</i>, <i>themselves</i>,
are used in the nominative case, as well as in the objective. "Jesus
<i>himself</i> baptized not, but his disciples."  <i>John iv.
2.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>self</i> is used in the formation of innumerable
compounds, usually of obvious signification, in most of which it
denotes either the agent or the object of the action expressed by the
word with which it is joined, or the person in behalf of whom it is
performed, or the person or thing to, for, or towards whom or which a
quality, attribute, or feeling expressed by the following word
belongs, is directed, or is exerted, or from which it proceeds; or it
denotes the subject of, or object affected by, such action, quality,
attribute, feeling, or the like; as, <i>self</i>-abandoning,
<i>self</i>-abnegation, self-abhorring, <i>self-absorbed</i>,
<i>self</i>-accusing, <i>self</i>-adjusting, <i>self</i>-balanced,
<i>self</i>-boasting, <i>self</i>-canceled, <i>self</i>-combating,
<i>self</i>-commendation, <i>self</i>-condemned, <i>self</i>-conflict,
<i>self</i>-conquest, <i>self</i>-constituted, <i>self</i>-consumed,
<i>self</i>-contempt, <i>self</i>-controlled, <i>self</i>-deceiving,
<i>self</i>-denying, <i>self</i>-destroyed, <i>self</i>-disclosure,
<i>self</i>-display, <i>self</i>-dominion, <i>self</i>-doomed,
<i>self</i>-elected, <i>self</i>-evolved, <i>self</i>-exalting,
<i>self</i>-excusing, <i>self</i>-exile, <i>self</i>-fed, <i>self</i>-
fulfillment, <i>self</i>-governed, <i>self</i>-harming, <i>self</i>-
helpless, <i>self</i>-humiliation, <i>self</i>-idolized, <i>self</i>-
inflicted, <i>self</i>-improvement, <i>self</i>-instruction,
<i>self</i>-invited, <i>self</i>-judging, <i>self</i>-justification,
<i>self</i>-loathing, <i>self</i>-loving, <i>self</i>-maintenance,
<i>self</i>-mastered, <i>self</i>-nourishment, <i>self</i>-perfect,
<i>self</i>-perpetuation, <i>self</i>-pleasing, <i>self</i>-praising,
<i>self</i>-preserving, <i>self</i>-questioned, <i>self</i>-relying,
<i>self</i>-restraining, <i>self</i>-revelation, <i>self</i>-ruined,
<i>self</i>-satisfaction, <i>self</i>-support, <i>self</i>-sustained,
<i>self</i>-sustaining, <i>self</i>-tormenting, <i>self</i>-troubling,
<i>self</i>-trust, <i>self</i>-tuition, <i>self</i>-upbraiding,
<i>self</i>-valuing, <i>self</i>-worshiping, and many others.</p>

<p><hw>Self`-a*based"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Humbled by
consciousness of inferiority, unworthiness, guilt, or shame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-a*base"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Degradation of one's self by one's own
act.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Humiliation or abasement proceeding from
consciousness of inferiority, guilt, or shame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-a*bas"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lowering or
humbling one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ab*hor"rence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Abhorrence of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ab`ne*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Self-
denial; self-renunciation; self-sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-abuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The abuse of one's own self, powers, or faculties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Self-deception; delusion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Masturbation; onanism; self-
pollution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-ac*cused"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accused by
one's self or by one's conscience.</def> "Die <i>self-accused</i>."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-act"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting of or
by one's self or by itself; -- said especially of a machine or
mechanism which is made to perform of or for itself what is usually
done by human agency; automatic; as, a <i>self-acting</i> feed
apparatus; a <i>self-acting</i> mule; a <i>self-acting</i>
press.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Action by, or
originating in, one's self or itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting of
one's self or of itself; acting without depending on other
agents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ac*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-active; self-action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ad*just"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>Capable of assuming a desired position or condition with relation
to other parts, under varying circumstances, without requiring to be
adjusted by hand; -- said of a piece in machinery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Self-adjusting bearing</b></col> <i>(Shafting)</i>, <cd>a
bearing which is supported in such a manner that it may tip to
accomodate flexure or displacement of the shaft.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ad`mi*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Admiration of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-af*fairs"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>One's
own affairs; one's private business.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1306 !></p>

<p><hw>Self`-af*fright"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Frightened at or by one's self.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ag*gran"dize*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
aggrandizement of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-an*ni"hi*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Annihilated by one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-an*ni`hi*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Annihilation by one's own acts; annihilation of one's
desires.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ap*plause"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Applause
of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ap*ply"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Applying
to or by one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ap*prov"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Approving
one's own action or character by one's own judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>self-approving</i> hour whole years
outweighs<BR>
Of stupid starers and of loud huzzas.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-as*sert"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Asserting
one's self, or one's own rights or claims; hence, putting one's self
forward in a confident or assuming manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-as*ser"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of asserting one's self, or one's own rights or claims; the quality of
being self-asserting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-as*sert"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed
to self-assertion; self-asserting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-as*sumed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Assumed by
one's own act, or without authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-as*sured`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Assured by
or of one's self; self-reliant; complacent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ban"ished</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exiled
voluntarily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-be*got"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Begotten
by one's self, or one's own powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born or
produced by one's self.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Self`-cen"tered</hw>, <hw>Self`-cen"tred</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Centered in itself, or in one's
self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There hangs the ball of earth and water mixt,<BR>
<i>Self-centered</i> and unmoved.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Self`-cen"ter*ing</hw> (?), <hw>Self`-cen"tring</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Centering in one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-cen*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-centered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-char"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Self-
love.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"-col`or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A color not
mixed or variegated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-col"ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being of a
single color; -- applied to flowers, animals, and textile
fabrics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-com*mand"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Control
over one's own feelings, temper, etc.; self-control.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-com*mune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Self-
communion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Self`-com*mu"ni*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imparting or communicating by its own powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-com*mun"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Communion
with one's self; thoughts about one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-com*pla"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being self-complacent.</def>  <i>J. Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-com*pla"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Satisfied with one's own character, capacity, and doings; self-
satisfied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*ceit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Conceit of
one's self; an overweening opinion of one's powers or
endowments.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Egotism</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*ceit"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an
overweening opinion of one's own powers, attainments; vain;
conceited.</def> -- <wf>Self`-con*ceit"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*cern"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Concern for
one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con`dem*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Condemnation of one's self by one's own judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con"fi*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-confident; self-reliance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A feeling of <i>self-confidence</i> which supported and
sustained him.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con"fi*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Confident
of one's own strength or powers; relying on one's judgment or ability;
self-reliant.</def> -- <wf>Self`-con"fi*dent*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con"ju*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>Having the two things that are conjugate parts of the same
figure; as, <i>self-conjugate</i> triangles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con"scious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Conscious of one's acts or state as belonging
to, or originating in, one's self.</def> "My <i>self-conscious</i>
worth."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conscious of one's self as an object of the
observation of others; as, the speaker was too <i>self-
conscious</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con"scious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-conscious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*sid"er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Considering in one's own mind; deliberating.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*sist"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-consistent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*sist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consistent with one's self or with itself; not deviation from the
ordinary standard by which the conduct is guided; logically consistent
throughout; having each part consistent with the rest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*sum"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consuming
one's self or itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*tained"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having self-control; reserved;
uncommunicative; wholly engrossed in one's self.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Having all the essential
working parts connected by a bedplate or framework, or contained in a
case, etc., so that mutual relations of the parts do not depend upon
fastening outside of the machine itself.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Self-contained steam engine</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A steam engine having both bearings for the crank shaft attached
to the frame of the engine</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A steam
engine and boiler combined and fastened together; a portable steam
engine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con`tra*dic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of contradicting one's self or itself; repugnancy in conceptions
or in terms; a proposition consisting of two members, one of which
contradicts the other; as, to be and not to be at the same time is a
<i>self-contradiction</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con`tra*dict"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Contradicting one's self or itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*trol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Control of
one's self; restraint exercised over one's self; self-
command.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*vict"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Convicted
by one's own consciousness, knowledge, avowal, or acts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-con*vic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of convicting one's self, or the state of being self-
convicted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-cre*at"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Created by
one's self; not formed or constituted by another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-cul"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Culture,
training, or education of one's self by one's own efforts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*ceit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
deceiving one's self, or the state of being self-deceived; self-
deception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*ceived"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deceived
or misled respecting one's self by one's own mistake or
error.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Self-
deceit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*fence"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Self-defense</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*fense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
defending one's own person, property, or reputation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In self-defense</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>in protection
of self, -- it being permitted in law to a party on whom a grave wrong
is attempted to resist the wrong, even at the peril of the life of the
assailiant.</cd>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*fen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Defending, or tending to defend, one's own person, property, or
reputation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-deg`ra*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of degrading one's self, or the state of being so
degraded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Accusation
of one's self.</def> [R.]  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*lu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
deluding one's self, or the state of being thus deluded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*ni"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The denial
of one's self; forbearing to gratify one's own desires; self-
sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*ny"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Refusing to
gratify one's self; self-sacrificing.</def> -- <wf>Self`-
de*ny"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*pend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dependent
on one's self; self-depending; self-reliant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*pend"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Depending on
one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*praved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Corrupted
or depraved by one's self.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*stroy"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
destroys himself; a suicide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*struc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
destruction of one's self; self-murder; suicide.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*struc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Destroying, or tending to destroy, one's self or itself;
rucidal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*ter`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Determination by one's self; or, determination of one's acts or
states without the necessitating force of motives; -- applied to the
voluntary or activity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*ter"min*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of self-determination; as, the <i>self-determining</i>
power of will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*vised"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Devised by
one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*vot"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Devoted in
person, or by one's own will.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*vote"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Self-
devotion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*vo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
devoting one's self, or the state of being self-devoted; willingness
to sacrifice one's own advantage or happiness for the sake of others;
self-sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-de*vour"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Devouring
one's self or itself.</def>  <i>Danham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-dif*fu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
power to diffuse itself; diffusing itself.</def>  <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-dis"ci*pline</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Correction or government of one's self for the sake of
improvement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-dis*trust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
confidence in one' self; diffidence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ed"u*ca`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Educated
by one's own efforts, without instruction, or without pecuniary
assistance from others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-e*lect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
right of electing one's self, or, as a body, of electing its own
members.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-en*joy"ment</hw>, (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Enjoyment
of one's self; self-satisfaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-es*teem"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The holding
a good opinion of one's self; self-complacency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-es`ti*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of estimating one's self; self-esteem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ev"i*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-evident.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ev"i*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Evident
without proof or reasoning; producing certainty or conviction upon a
bare presentation to the mind; as, a <i>self-evident</i> proposition
or truth.</def> -- <wf>Self`-ev"i*dent*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ev`o*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Evolution of one's self; development by inherent quality or
power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ex`al*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of exalting one's self, or the state of being so exalted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ex*am"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
examines himself; one given to self-examination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The humiliated <i>self-examinant</i> feels that there
is evil in our nature as well as good.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ex*am`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
examination into one's own state, conduct, and motives, particularly
in regard to religious feelings and duties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ex*ist"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inherent
existence; existence possessed by virtue of a being's own nature, and
independent of any other being or cause; -- an attribute peculiar to
God.</def>  <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ex*ist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Existing
of or by himself, independent of any other being or cause; -- as, God
is the only <i>self-existent</i> being.</def></p>

<p><hw>self`-ex*plain"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Explaining itself; capable of being understood without
explanation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ex*po"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
exposing one's self; the state of being so exposed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-fer`ti*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fertilization of a flower by pollen from the
same flower and without outer aid; autogamy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-fer"ti*lized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Fertilized by pollen from the same flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-glo"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Springing
from vainglory or vanity; vain; boastful.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-gov"ern*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of governing one's self, or the state
of being governed by one's self; self-control; self-command.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, government of a community, state, or
nation by the joint action of the mass of people constituting such a
civil body; also, the state of being so governed; democratic
government; democracy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is to <i>self-government</i>, the great principle of
popular representation and administration, -- the system that lets in
all to participate in the councels that are to assign the good or evil
to all, -- that we may owe what we are and what we hope to
be.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-grat`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Gratulation of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-heal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
blue-flowered labiate plant (<i>Brunella vulgaris</i>); the
healall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-heal"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
power or property of healing itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-help"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
aiding one's self, without depending on the aid of others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-hom"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
killing one's self; suicide.</def>  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Existence as a
separate self, or independent person; conscious personality;
individuality.</def>  <i>Bib. Sacra.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ig"no*rance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ignorance
of one's own character, powers, and limitations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ig"no*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ignorant
of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-im*part"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imparting
by one's own, or by its own, powers and will.</def>
<i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-im*por"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
exaggerated estimate of one's own importance or merit, esp. as
manifested by the conduct or manners; self-conceit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-im*por"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or
manifesting an exaggerated idea of one's own importance or
merit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-im*posed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Voluntarily
taken on one's self; as, <i>self-imposed</i> tasks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-im*pos"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Imposture
practiced on one's self; self-deceit.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-in`dig*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indignation at one's own character or actions.</def>
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-in*dul"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indulgence of one's appetites, desires, or inclinations; -- the
opposite of <i>self-restraint</i>, and <i>self-denial</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-in*dul"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Indulging
one's appetites, desires, etc., freely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-in"ter*est</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Private
interest; the interest or advantage of one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-in"ter*est*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Particularly concerned for one's own interest or
happiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-in`vo*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Involution in one's self; hence, abstraction of thought;
reverie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Caring supremely or unduly for one's self; regarding one's own
comfort, advantage, etc., in disregard, or at the expense, of those of
others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They judge of things according to their own private
appetites and <i>selfish</i> passions.</blockquote>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In that throng of <i>selfish</i> hearts
untrue.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ethics)</i> <def>Believing or teaching that
the chief motives of human action are derived from love of
self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hobbes and the <i>selfish</i> school of
philosophers.</blockquote> <i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"ish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a selfish
manner; with regard to private interest only or chiefly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being selfish; exclusive regard to one's own interest or
happiness; that supreme self-love or self-preference which leads a
person to direct his purposes to the advancement of his own interest,
power, or happiness, without regarding those of others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Selfishness</i>, -- a vice utterly at variance with
the happiness of him who harbors it, and, as such, condemned by self-
love.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Mackintosh.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Self-love</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Self"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Concentration of
one's interests on one's self; self-love; selfishness.</def>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A selfish
person.</def> [R.]  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-jus"ti*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
excuses or justifies himself.</def>  <i>J. M. Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-kin"dled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Kindled of
itself, or without extraneous aid or power.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-know"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Knowing one's self, or one's own character,
powers, and limitations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Knowing of itself, without help from
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-knowl"edge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Knowledge
of one's self, or of one's own character, powers, limitations,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no regard to
self; unselfish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lo now, what hearts have men! they never mount<BR>
As high as woman in her <i>selfless</i> mood.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"less*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being selfless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-life`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Life for one's
self; living solely or chiefly for one's own pleasure or
good.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-love`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The love of
one's self; desire of personal happiness; tendency to seek one's own
benefit or advantage.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Self-love</i>, the spring of motion, acts the
soul.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Selfishness.  -- <u>Self-love</u>,
<u>Selfishness</u>. The term <i>self-love</i> is used in a twofold
sense: 1. It denotes that longing for <i>good</i> or for <i>well-
being</i> which actuates the breasts of all, entering into and
characterizing every special desire. In this sense it has no moral
quality, being, from the nature of the case, neither good nor evil. 2.
It is applied to a voluntary regard for the gratification of special
desires. In this sense it is morally good or bad according as these
desires are conformed to duty or opposed to it. <i>Selfishness</i> is
always voluntary and always wrong, being that regard to our own
interests, gratification, etc., which is sought or indulged at the
expense, and to the injury, of others. "So long as <i>self-love</i>
does not degenerate into <i>selfishness</i>, it is quite compatible
with true benevolence." <i>Fleming.</i> "Not only is the phrase
<i>self-love</i> used as synonymous with the desire of happiness, but
it is often confounded with the word <i>selfishness</i>, which
certainly, in strict propriety, denotes a very different disposition
of mind." <i>Slewart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-lu"mi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Possessing
in itself the property of emitting light.</def>  <i>Sir D.
Brewster.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1307 !></p>

<p><hw>Self"-made`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made by one's
self.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Self-made man</b></col>, <cd>a man who has risen from
poverty or obscurity by means of his own talents or energies.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Self"-met`tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inborn mettle
or courage; one's own temper.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-mo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Motion given
by inherent power, without external impulse; spontaneous or voluntary
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Matter is not induced with <i>self-
motion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-moved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moved by
inherent power., without the aid of external impulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-mov"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moving by
inherent power, without the aid of external impulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-mur"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Suicide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-mur"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
suicide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-neg*lect"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
neglecting of one's self, or of one's own interests.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Self-love, my liege, is not so vile a sin<BR>
As <i>self-neglecting</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Selfishness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir. P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-one"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Secret.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-o*pin"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Opinion,
especially high opinion, of one's self; an overweening estimate of
one's self or of one's own opinion.</def>  <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-o*pin"ioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
high opinion of one's self; opinionated; conceited.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-o*rig"i*na`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Beginning with, or springing from, one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-par`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
partiality to himself by which a man overrates his own worth when
compared with others.</def>  <i>Kames.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-per*plexed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Perplexed
by doubts originating in one's own mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-pos"it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed or
arranged by an action originating in one's self or in
itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These molecular blocks of salt are <i>self-
posited</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-pos"it*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>The act of
disposing or arranging one's self or itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>self-positing</i> of the molecules.</blockquote>
<i>R. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"-pos*sessed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed
or tranquil in mind, manner, etc.; undisturbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-pos*ses"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
possession of one's powers; calmness; self-command; presence of mind;
composure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-praise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Praise of
one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-pres`er*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
preservation of one's self from destruction or injury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-prop"a*ga`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Propagating by one's self or by itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-reg"is*ter*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Registering itself; -- said of any instrument so contrived as to
record its own indications of phenomena, whether continuously or at
stated times, as at the maxima and minima of variations; as, a
<i>self-registering</i> anemometer or barometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-reg"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Regulated by one's self or by itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-reg"u*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
or serving to regulate one's self or itself.</def>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*li"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Reliance
on one's own powers or judgment; self-trust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*li"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reliant
upon one's self; trusting to one's own powers or judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*nun`ci*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of renouncing, or setting aside, one's own wishes, claims, etc.;
self-sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*pel"len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-repelling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*pel"ling</hw>, (&?;) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made up
of parts, as molecules or atoms, which mutually repel each other; as,
gases are <i>self-repelling</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Self`-rep`e*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Repetition of one's self or of one's acts; the saying or doing
what one has already said or done.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*proach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
reproaching one's self; censure by one's own conscience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*proached"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Reproached by one's own conscience or judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*proach"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Reproaching one's self.</def> -- <wf>Self`-re*proach"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*proof"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
reproving one's self; censure of one's conduct by one's own
judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*proved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reproved
by one's own conscience or one's own sense of guilt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*prov"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Reproving
one's self; reproving by consciousness of guilt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*prov"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
self-reproving way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*pug"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Self-
contradictory; inconsistent.</def>  <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*pul"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Self-
repelling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*spect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Respect for
one's self; regard for one's character; laudable self-
esteem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*strained"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Restrained by one's self or itself; restrained by one's own power
or will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-re*straint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Restraint
over one's self; self-control; self-command.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-rev"er*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
reverent respect for one's self.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-right"eous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Righteous
in one's own esteem; pharisaic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-right"eous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-righteous; pharisaism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sac"ri*fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of sacrificing one's self, or one's interest, for others; self-
devotion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sac"ri*fi`cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Yielding up one's own interest, feelings, etc; sacrificing one's
self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"same</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Self</i>, a. +
<i>same</i>.] <def>Precisely the same; the very same;
identical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His servant was healed in the <i>selfsame</i>
hour.</blockquote> <i>Matt. viii. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sat`is*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-satisfied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sat"is*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Satisfied
with one's self or one's actions; self-complacent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sat"is*fy`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving
satisfaction to one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-seek`er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who seeks
only his own interest, advantage, or pleasure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-seek`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Seeking one's
own interest or happiness; selfish.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"-seek`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or habit
of seeking one's own interest or happiness; selfishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-slaugh"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Suicide.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-suf*fi"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being self-sufficient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-suf*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sufficient for one's self without external aid
or co&ouml;peration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neglect of friends can never be proved rational till we
prove the person using it omnipotent and <i>self-sufficient</i>, and
such as can never need any mortal assistance.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having an overweening confidence in one's
own abilities or worth; hence, haughty; overbearing.</def> "A rash and
<i>self-sufficient</i> manner."  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-suf*fi"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sufficing
for one's self or for itself, without needing external aid; self-
sufficient.</def> -- <wf>Self`-suf*fi"cing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sus*pend"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suspended
by one's self or by itself; balanced.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self`-sus*pi"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Suspicious or distrustful of one's self.</def>
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"-taught`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Taught by
one's own efforts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-tor*ment"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
torments himself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-tor"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
inflicting pain on one's self; pain inflicted on one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-trust`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Faith in one's
self; self-reliance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-uned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [E. <i>self</i> + L.
<i>unus</i> one.] <def>One with itself; separate from others.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"-view`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A view of one's
self; specifically, carefulness or regard for one's own
interests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-will"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>selfwill</i>.] <def>One's own will, esp. when opposed to that of
others; obstinacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-willed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Governed by
one's own will; not yielding to the wishes of others;
obstinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-willed"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Obstinacy.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Self"-wor`ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
idolizing of one's self; immoderate self-conceit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self"-wrong`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wrong done by
a person himself.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>seillon</i> a
measure of land, F. <i>sillon</i> a ridge, furrow, LL. <i>selio</i> a
measure of land.] <def>A short piece of land in arable ridges and
furrows, of uncertain quantity; also, a ridge of land lying between
two furrows.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sel*juk"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to <i>Seljuk</i>, a Tartar chief who embraced
Mohammedanism, and began the subjection of Western Asia to that faith
and rule; of or pertaining to the dynasty founded by him, or the
empire maintained by his descendants from the 10th to the 13th
century.</def>  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel*juk"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of the
family of <i>Seljuk</i>; an adherent of that family, or subject of its
government; (<i>pl.</i>) the dynasty of Turkish sultans sprung from
Seljuk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw> (s&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Self.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sill.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cell; a house.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>selle</i>, L.
<i>sella</i>, akin to <i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A saddle for a horse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He left his lofty steed with golden
<i>self</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A throne or lofty seat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sold</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Selling</u>.] [OE. <i>sellen</i>, <i>sillen</i>, AS. <i>sellan</i>,
<i>syllan</i>, to give, to deliver; akin to OS. <i>sellian</i>,
OFries. <i>sella</i>, OHG. <i>sellen</i>, Icel. <i>selja</i> to hand
over, to sell, Sw. <i>s&auml;lja</i> to sell, Dan. <i>s&?;lge</i>,
Goth. <i>saljan</i> to offer a sacrifice; all from a noun akin to E.
<i>sale</i>.  Cf. <u>Sale</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To transfer to
another for an equivalent; to give up for a valuable consideration; to
dispose of in return for something, especially for money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou wilt be perfect, go and <i>sell</i> that thou
hast, and give to the poor.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xix. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am changed; I'll go <i>sell</i> all my
land.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sell</i> is corellative to <i>buy</i>, as one party
<i>buys</i> what the other <i>sells</i>. It is distinguished usually
from <i>exchange</i> or <i>barter</i>, in which one commodity is given
for another; whereas in <i>selling</i> the consideration is usually
money, or its representative in current notes.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a matter of bargain and sale of; to
accept a price or reward for, as for a breach of duty, trust, or the
like; to betray.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You would have <i>sold</i> your king to
slaughter.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To impose upon; to trick; to deceive; to
make a fool of; to cheat.</def> [Slang]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sell one's life dearly</b></col>, <cd>to cause much loss
to those who take one's life, as by killing a number of one's
assailants.</cd> -- <col><b>To sell</b></col> (anything)
<col><b>out</b></col>, <cd>to dispose of it wholly or entirely; as, he
had <i>sold out</i> his corn, or his interest in a business.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
practice selling commodities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will buy with you, <i>sell</i> with you; . . . but I
will not eat with you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be sold; as, corn <i>sells</i> at a good
price.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sell out</b></col>, <cd>to sell one's whole stockk in
trade or one's entire interest in a property or a business.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An imposition; a cheat; a
hoax.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sel"lan*ders</hw> (?), <hw>Sel"len*ders</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sallenders</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sell"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sells.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sel"ters wa"ter</hw> (?). <def>A mineral water from
<i>Sellers</i>, in the district of Nassan, Germany, containing much
free carbonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Selt"zer wa"ter</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Selters
water</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Selt"zo-gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Seltzer</i>
water + the root of Gr. &?;&?;&?; to be born.] <def>A
gazogene.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sel"vage</hw>, <hw>Sel"vedge</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Self</i> + <i>edge</i>, i. e., its own proper
edge; cf. OD. <i>selfegge</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The edge of
cloth which is woven in such a manner as to prevent
raveling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The edge plate of a lock, through which the
bolt passes.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>A layer of clay or
decomposed rock along the wall of a vein. See <u>Gouge</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sel"vaged</hw>,  <hw>Sel"vedged</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a selvage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sel`va*gee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A skein or hank of rope yarns wound round with yarns or marline,
-- used for stoppers, straps, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Selve</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Self; same.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Selves</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Self</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Silly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer. Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Se*m&aelig;`o*stom"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a military standard + &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;,
mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Discophora having large
free mouth lobes. It includes <i>Aurelia</i>, and <i>Pelagia</i>.
Called also <i>Semeostoma</i>. See <i>Illustr</i>. under
<u>Discophora</u>, and <u>Medusa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"a*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sh^ma</grk> a sign + <grk>fe`rein</grk> to bear: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;maphore</i>.] <def>A signal telegraph; an apparatus for
giving signals by the disposition of lanterns, flags, oscillating
arms, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`a*phor"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sem`a*phor"ic*al</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>s&eacute;maphorique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a semaphore, or semaphores; telegraphic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`a*phor"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By means
of a semaphore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*maph"o*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
manages or operates a semaphore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`a*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sh^ma</grk>, <grk>sh`matos</grk>, sign + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The
doctrine of signs as the expression of thought or reasoning; the
science of indicating thought by signs.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"a*trope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sh^ma</grk> sign + <grk>tre`pein</grk> to turn. ] <def>An
instrument for signaling by reflecting the rays of the sun in
different directions.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"bla*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., from
<i>sembler</i> to seem, resemble, L. <i>similare</i>, <i>simulare</i>.
See <u>Simulate</u>.] <def>Like; similar; resembling.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"bla*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Likeness;
representation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem"bla*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In like
manner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"blance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Semblable</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Seeming; appearance; show; figure; form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thier <i>semblance</i> kind, and mild their gestures
were.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Likeness; resemblance, actual or apparent;
similitude; as, the <i>semblance</i> of worth; <i>semblance</i> of
virtue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Only <i>semblances</i> or imitations of
shells.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"blant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>semblant</i>,
p. pr.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like; resembling.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Seeming, rather than real; apparent.</def>
[R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"blant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Show; appearance; figure; semblance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His flatterers made <i>semblant</i> of
weeping.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The face.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (Luke
xxiv. 5).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"bla*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Resembling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And all is <i>semblative</i> a woman's
part.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>sembler</i>.
See <u>Semblable</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
imitate; to make a representation or likeness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where <i>sembling</i> art may carve the fair
effect.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>It seems; -- chiefly used
impersonally in reports and judgments to express an opinion in
reference to the law on some point not necessary to be decided, and
not intended to be definitely settled in the cause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like; resembling.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>T. Hudson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Assemble</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The practice of attracting the males of
Lepidoptera or other insects by exposing the female confined in a
cage.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is often adopted by collectors in order to procure
specimens of rare species.</p>

<p><hw>||Se*m&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sem&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>semer</i> to sow.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Sprinkled or sown; -- said of field, or a charge, when strewed or
covered with small charges.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`mei*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), or <hw>Se`mi*og"ra*phy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>shmei^on</grk> sign + <i>-graphy</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A description of the signs of disease.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`mei*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), or <hw>Se`mi*o*log"io*al</hw>
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the science of signs,
or the systematic use of signs; as, a <i>semeiological</i>
classification of the signs or symptoms of disease; a
<i>semeiological</i> arrangement of signs used as signals.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`mei*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), or <hw>Se`mi*ol"o*gy</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>shmei^on</grk> a mark, a sign + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>The science or art of signs.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The science of the signs or
symptoms of disease; symptomatology.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The art of using signs in signaling.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`mei*ot"ic</hw> (?), or <hw>Se`mi*ot"ic</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, fr. <grk>shmei^on</grk> a
mark, a sign.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to signs or
indications; pertaining to the language of signs, or to language
generally as indicating thought.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the signs
or symptoms of diseases.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`mei*ot"ics</hw> (?), or <hw>Se`mi*ot"ics</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Semeiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"e*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>A daughter of Cadmus, and by Zeus
mother of Bacchus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Semina</b></plw> (#). [L., from the root of <i>serere</i>,
<i>satum</i>, to sow. See <u>Sow</u> to scatter seed.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The seed of plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The seed or fecundating
fluid of male animals; sperm. It is a white or whitish viscid fluid
secreted by the testes, characterized by the presence of spermatozoids
to which it owes its generative power.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Semen contra</b></col>, or <col><b>Semen cin&aelig; or
cyn&aelig;</b></col>, <cd>a strong aromatic, bitter drug, imported
from Aleppo and Barbary, said to consist of the leaves, peduncles, and
unexpanded flowers of various species of <i>Artemisia</i>;
wormseed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sem`e*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Seminiferous.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1308 !></p>

<p><hw>Se*mes"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., from L.
<i>semestris</i> half-yearly; <i>sex</i> six + <i>mensis</i> a month.]
<def>A period of six months; especially, a term in a college or
uneversity which divides the year into two terms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i-</hw> (?). [L. <i>semi</i>; akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr.
<i>s&amacr;mi</i>-, AS. <i>s&amacr;m</i>-, and prob. to E.
<i>same</i>, from the division into two parts of the same size.  Cf.
<u>Hemi-</u>, <u>Sandelend</u>.] <def>A prefix signifying <i>half</i>,
and sometimes <i>partly</i> or <i>imperfectly</i>; as,
<i>semi</i>annual, half yearly; <i>semi</i>transparent, imperfectly
transparent.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The prefix <i>semi</i> is joined to another word either with
the hyphen or without it. In this book the hyphen is omitted except
before a capital letter; as, <i>semi</i>acid, <i>semi</i>aquatic,
<i>semi</i>-Arian, <i>semi</i>axis, <i>semi</i>calcareous.</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slightly acid;
subacid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*a*cid"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
acidified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ad*her"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adherent
part way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*am*plex"i*caul</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Partially amplexicaul; embracing the stem half
round, as a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*an`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>The half of a given, or measuring, angle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*an"nu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half-
yearly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*an"nu*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Every half
year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*an"nu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
figure of a half circle; forming a semicircle.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-A"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Arian</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A member of a branch of the
Arians which did not acknowledge the Son to be consubstantial with the
Father, that is, of the same substance, but admitted him to be of a
like substance with the Father, not by nature, but by a peculiar
privilege.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i-A"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Semi-Arianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-A"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrines or tenets of the Semi-Arians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>One half of the axis of an &?;llipse or other figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*bar*ba"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
barbarous; partially civilized.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
partly civilized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*bar*bar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
barbarous or uncivilized; as, <i>semibarbaric</i> display.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*bar"ba*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being half barbarous or uncivilized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*bar"ba*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
barbarous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*breve`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>semi-</i>
+ <i>breve</i>: cf. F. <i>semi-breve</i>, It. <i>semibreve</i>.]
[Formerly written <i>semibref</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A note of half
the time or duration of the breve; -- now usually called a <i>whole
note</i>. It is the longest note in general use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*brief`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A semibreve.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*bull`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i>
<def>A bull issued by a pope in the period between his election and
coronation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cal*ca"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half or
partially calcareous; as, a <i>semicalcareous</i> plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cal*cined"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
calcined; as, <i>semicalcined</i> iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cas"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
deprive of one testicle.</def> -- <wf>Sem`i*cas*tra"tion</wf>
(#),<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cen*ten"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to half of a century, or a period of fifty years; as, a
<i>semicentennial</i> commemoration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cen*ten"ni*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fiftieth
anniversary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cha*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partially
chaotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*cho`rus</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
half chorus; a passage to be sung by a selected portion of the voices,
as the female voices only, in contrast with the full choir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-Chris"tian*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
Christianized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*cir`cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The half of a circle; the part of a circle
bounded by its diameter and half of its circumference.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A semicircumference.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body in the form of half of a circle, or
half of a circumference.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for measuring
angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*cir`cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Semicircular.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cir"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
form of half of a circle.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Semicircular canals</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>certain
canals of the inner ear. See under <u>Ear</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i cir*cum"fer*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Half
of a circumference.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*cirque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A semicircular
hollow or opening among trees or hills.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*co`lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
punctuation mark [;] indicating a separation between parts or members
of a sentence more distinct than that marked by a comma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*col`umn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half
column; a column bisected longitudinally, or along its axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*co*lum"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
semicolumn; flat on one side and round on the other; imperfectly
columnar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*com*pact"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
compact; imperfectly indurated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*con"scious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
conscious; imperfectly conscious.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*cope`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short cope,
or an inferier kind of cope.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i crus*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
crustaceous; partially crustaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*crys"tal*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Half crystalline; -- said of certain cruptive rocks
composed partly of crystalline, partly of amorphous matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*cu"bic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the square root of the cube of a
quantity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Semicubical parabola</b></col>, <cd>a curve in which the
ordinates are proportional to the square roots of the cubes of the
abscissas.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`i*cu"bi*um</hw> (?), <hw>Sem`i*cu"pi*um</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L. <i>semi</i> half + <i>cupa</i> tub,
cask.] <def>A half bath, or one that covers only the lewer extremities
and the hips; a sitz-bath; a half bath, or hip bath.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`i*cy*lin"dric</hw> (?), <hw>Sem`i*cy*lyn"dric*al</hw> (?)
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half cylindrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*de*is"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
deisticsl; bordering on deism.</def>  <i>S. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*dem"i*qua`ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A demisemiquaver; a thirty-second note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*de*tached"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
detached; partly distinct or separate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Semidetached house</b></col>, <cd>one of two tenements
under a single roof, but separated by a party wall.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di*am"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Half of a diameter; a right line, or the length of a right line,
drawn from the center of a circle, a sphere, or other curved figure,
to its circumference or periphery; a radius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di`a*pa"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>An imperfect octave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di`a*pen"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>An imperfect or diminished fifth.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di`a*pha*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Half
or imperfect transparency; translucency.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di*aph"a*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half or
imperfectly transparent; translucent.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di`a*tes"sa*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An imperfect or diminished fourth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di"tone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>semi-
</i> + <i>ditone</i>: cf. It. <i>semiditono</i>.  Cf.
<u>Hemiditone</u>.] <i>(Gr. Mus.)</i> <def>A lesser third, having its
terms as 6 to 5; a hemiditone.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*di*ur"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or accomplished in, half a day,
or twelve hours; occurring twice every day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or traversed in, six hours,
or in half the time between the rising and setting of a heavenly body;
as, a <i>semidiurnal</i> arc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*dome`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A roof or ceiling covering a semicircular room or recess, or one
of nearly that shape, as the apse of a church, a niche, or the like.
It is approximately the quarter of a hollow sphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*dou`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>An office or feast celebrated with less solemnity than the double
ones. See <u>Double</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*dou"ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the outermost stamens converted into petals, while the
inner ones remain perfect; -- said of a flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*fa`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
part fable and part truth; a mixture of truth and fable.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*flexed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
bent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*flo`ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Semifloscule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*flos"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Semiflosculous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*flos`cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A floscule, or florest, with its corolla prolonged into a strap-
shaped petal; -- called also <i>semifloret</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*flos"cu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having all the florets ligulate, as in the dandelion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*flu"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imperfectly
fluid.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A semifluid
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*form`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half form; an
imperfect form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*formed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half formed;
imperfectly formed; as, <i>semiformed</i> crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*glu"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A peptonelike body, insoluble in alcohol, formed by
boiling collagen or gelatin for a long time in water.
<i>Hemicollin</i>, a like body, is also formed at the same time, and
differs from semiglutin by being partly soluble in alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*his*tor"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half or
party historical.</def>  <i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ho"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half-
hourly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*in"du*ra`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperfectly indurated or hardened.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*la*pid"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperfectly changed into stone.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*lens`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Opt.)</i>
<def>The half of a lens divided along a plane passing through its
axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*len*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
lenticular or convex; imperfectly resembling a lens.</def>
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*lig"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half or
partially ligneous, as a stem partly woody and partly
herbaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*liq"uid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half liquid;
semifluid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*li*quid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being semiliquid; partial liquidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
logical; partly logical; said of fallacies.</def>  <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*lor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>similor</i>, <i>semilor</i>.] <def>A yellowish alloy of copper and
zinc. See <u>Simplor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*lu"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like a
half moon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Semilunar bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone of the
carpus; the lunar. See <u>Lunar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Semilunar</b></col>, or <col><b>Sigmoid</b></col>,
<col><b>valves</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the valves at the
beginning of the aorta and of the pulmonary artery which prevent the
blood from flowing back into the ventricle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*lu"nar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
semilunar bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*lu"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Semilunar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*lu"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Semilunar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*lune`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>The half of a lune.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*met`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An element possessing metallic properties in an inferior degree
and not malleable, as arsenic, antimony, bismuth, molybdenum, uranium,
etc.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*me*tal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a semimetal; possessing metallic properties
in an inferior degree; resembling metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*month"ly</hw> (?) <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coming or
made twice in a month; as, <i>semimonthly</i> magazine; a
<i>semimonthly</i> payment.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Something done or made every half month; esp., a semimonthly
periodical.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a semimonthly
manner; at intervals of half a month.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*mute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
faculty of speech but imperfectly developed or partially
lost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*mute`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A semimute
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>seminalis</i>,
fr. <i>semen</i>, <i>seminis</i>, seed, akin to <i>serere</i> to sow:
cf. F. <i>seminal</i>. See <u>Sow</u> to scatter seed.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, containing, or consisting of,
seed or semen; as, the <i>seminal</i> fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contained in seed; holding the relation of
seed, source, or first principle; holding the first place in a series
of developed results or consequents; germinal; radical; primary;
original; as, <i>seminal</i> principles of generation; <i>seminal</i>
virtue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The idea of God is, beyond all question or comparison,
the one great <i>seminal</i> principle.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Seminal leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a seed leaf, or
cotyleden.</cd> -- <col><b>Seminal receptacle</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Spermatheca</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being seminal.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`i*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Sem"i*na*rist</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>s&eacute;minariste</i>.] <def>A member
of, or one educated in, a seminary; specifically, an ecclesiastic
educated for the priesthood in a seminary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seminaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>seminarium</i>, fr.
<i>seminarius</i> belonging to seed, fr. <i>semon</i>, <i>seminis</i>,
seed. See <u>Seminal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of ground
where seed is sown for producing plants for transplantation; a
nursery; a seed plat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But if you draw them [seedling] only for the thinning
of your <i>seminary</i>, prick them into some empty beds.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the place or original stock whence
anything is brought or produced.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place of education, as a scool of a high
grade, an academy, college, or university.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Seminal state.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A seed bed; a source.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A Roman Catholic priest educated in a
foreign seminary; a seminarist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>seminarius</i>.]
<def>Belonging to seed; seminal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Seminated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Seminating</u>.] [L. <i>seminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>seminare</i> to
sow, fr. <i>semen</i>, <i>seminis</i>, seed.] <def>To sow; to spread;
to propagate.</def> [R.]  <i>Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>seminatio</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;mination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of sowing or spreading.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Natural dispersion of
seeds.</def>  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"ined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Semen</u>.]
<def>Thickly covered or sown, as with seeds.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>semen</i>, <i>semenis</i>, seed <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Seed-bearing; producing seed; pertaining to, or connected with,
the formation of semen; as, <i>seminiferous</i> cells or
vesicles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`i*nif"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sem`i*nif"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>semen</i>, <i>seminis</i>, seed +
<i>facere</i> to make.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Forming or producing seed,
or the male generative product of animals or of plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Propagation from seed.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
believer in the old theory that the newly created being is formed by
the admixture of the seed of the male with the supposed seed of the
female.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*noles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Seminole</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians who formerly occupied Florida, where some of them still
remain. They belonged to the Creek Confideration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>semen</i>
seed + <i>glucose</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A carbohydrate of the
glucose group found in the thickened endosperm of certain seeds, and
extracted as yellow sirup having a sweetish-bitter taste.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*nude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partially nude;
half naked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*nymph`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pupa of insects which undergo only a slight change in passing
to the imago state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*oc*ca"sion*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Once in a while; on rare occasions.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*of*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
official; having some official authority or importance; as, a
<i>semiofficial</i> statement.</def> -- <wf>Sem`i*of*fi"cial*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`mi*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <hw>Se`mi*ol"o*gy</hw> (?),
<hw>Se`mi*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?) }. <def>Same as <u>Semeiography</u>,
<u>Semeiology</u>, <u>Semeiological</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*o*pa"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Semiopaque.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*o`pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
variety of opal not possessing opalescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*o*paque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half opaque;
only half transparent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*or*bic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the shape of a half orb or sphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se`mi*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Semeiotic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se`mi*ot"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Semeiotics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*o"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
oval.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*o"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
ovate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ox"y*gen*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Combined with oxygen only in part.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*pa"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
pagan.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`i*pal"mate</hw> (?), <hw>Sem`i*pal"ma*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the anterior toes
joined only part way down with a web; half-webbed; as, a
<i>semipalmate</i> bird or foot. See <i>Illust.</i> <i>k</i> under
<u>Aves</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*pa*rab"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>One branch of a parabola, being terminated at the principal
vertex of the curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>semipes</i>,
<i>semipedis</i>; pref.  <i>semi-</i> half + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>,
a foot.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A half foot in poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*mip"e*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Pres.)</i>
<def>Containing a half foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-Pe*la"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of John Cassianus, a French monk (died
about 448), who modified the doctrines of Pelagius, by denying human
merit, and maintaining the necessity of the Spirit's influence, while,
on the other hand, he rejected the Augustinian doctrines of election,
the inability of man to do good, and the certain perseverance of the
saints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-Pe*la"gi*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Semi-Pelagians, or their tenets.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1309 !></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-Pe*la"gi*an*ism</hw>
(s&ebreve;m`&ibreve;*p&esl;*l&amacr;"j&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrines or tenets of the Semi-
Pelagians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*pel*lu"cid</hw> (-p&ebreve;l*l&umacr;"s&ibreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half clear, or imperfectly transparent; as,
a <i>semipellucid</i> gem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*pel`lu*cid"i*ty</hw> (-
p&ebreve;l`l&usl;*s&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being imperfectly transparent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*pen"ni*form</hw> (-p&ebreve;n"n&ibreve;*f&ocirc;rm),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Half or partially penniform;
as, a <i>semipenniform</i> muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*per"ma*nent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Half or
partly permanent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*per*spic"u*ous</hw> (-
p&etilde;r*sp&ibreve;k"&usl;*&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Half transparent; imperfectly clear; semipellucid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*phlo*gis"ti*ca`ted</hw> (-
fl&osl;*j&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;*k&amacr;`t&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Partially impregnated
with phlogiston.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*plume`</hw> (s&ebreve;m`&ibreve;*pl&umacr;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A feather which has a
plumelike web, with the shaft of an ordinary feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*pre"cious</hw> (-pr&ebreve;sh"&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat precious; as, <i>semiprecious</i>
stones or metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Half proof;
evidence from the testimony of a single witness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i pu"pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The young of an insect in a stage between the larva and
pupa.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem"i*quad`rate</hw> (?), <hw>Sem"i*quar"tile</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>An aspect of the planets
when distant from each other the half of a quadrant, or forty-five
degrees, or one sign and a half.</def>  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*qua`ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A note of half the duration of the quaver; -- now usually called
a <i>sixsteenth note</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*quin`tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astrol.)</i>
<def>An aspect of the planets when distant from each other half of the
quintile, or thirty-six degrees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*rec"on*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zool.)</i>
<def>Half hidden or half covered; said of the head of an insect when
half covered by the shield of the thorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*ring`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>One of the incomplete rings of the upper part of the bronchial
tubes of most birds. The semerings form an essential part of the
syrinx, or musical organ, of singing birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*sav"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
savage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*sav`age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is half
savage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-Sax"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half Saxon; --
specifically applied to the language intermediate between Saxon and
English, belonging to the period 1150-1250.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*sex"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astrol.)</i>
<def>An aspect of the planets when they are distant from each other
the twelfth part of a circle, or thirty degrees.</def>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*sol"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partially
solid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*soun</hw> (-s&oomac;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half
sound; a low tone.</def> [Obs.] "Soft he cougheth with a
<i>semisoun</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sem`i*spher"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sem`i*spher"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the figure of a half sphere.</def>
<i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*sphe*roid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed
like a half spheroid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*steel`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Puddled
steel.</def> [U. S. ]</p>

<p><hw>||Sem"i*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Semit&aelig;</b></plw>. [L., a path.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A fasciole of a spatangoid sea urchin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*tan`gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>The tangent of half an arc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One belonging to
the Semitic race. Also used adjectively.</def> [Written also
<i>Shemite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*te*rete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Nat.
Hist.)</i> <def>Half terete.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ter"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Having the characteristics of both a tertian and a quotidian
intermittent.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An intermittent
combining the characteristics of a tertian and a quotidian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem*it"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Shem or his descendants; belonging to that division of the
Caucasian race which includes the Arabs, Jews, and related
races.</def> [Written also <i>Shemitic</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Semitic language</b></col>, <cd>a name used to designate a
group of Asiatic and African languages, some living and some dead,
namely: Hebrew and Ph&oelig;nician, Aramaic, Assyrian, Arabic,
Ethiopic (Geez and Ampharic).</cd>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Semitic idiom;
a word of Semitic origin.</def> [Written also <i>Shemitism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>semi-</i> +
<i>tone</i>. CF. <u>Hemitone</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Half a tone; --
the name commonly applied to the smaller intervals of the diatonic
scale.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There is an impropriety in the use of this word, and <i>half
step</i> is now preferred. See <u>Tone</u>.  <i>J. S. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a semitone; consisting of a semitone, or of
semitones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*tran`sept</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The half of a transept; as, the north <i>semitransept</i> of a
church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*trans*lu"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Slightly clear; transmitting light in a slight degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*trans*par"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Imperfect or partial transparency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*trans*par"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half or
imperfectly transparent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ver*tic"il*late</hw>, (&?;) <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Partially verticillate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*vif</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>semivivus</i>.]
<def>Only half alive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*vit"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partially
vitreous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*vit"ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
semivitrified.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A substance imperfectly
vitrified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*vit"ri*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half or
imperfectly vitrified; partially converted into glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*vo"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phon.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a semivowel; half cocal; imperfectly
sounding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"i*vow`el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phon.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sound intermediate between a vowel and a
consonant, or partaking of the nature of both, as in the English
<i>w</i> and <i>y</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sign or
letter representing such a sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*week"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coming, or
made, or done, once every half week; as, a <i>semiweekly</i>
newspaper; a <i>semiweekly</i> trip.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>That which comes or happens once every half week, esp. a
semiweekly periodical.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At
intervals of half a week each.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sem`o*lel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>See
<u>Semolina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`o*li"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>semolino</i>, from <i>semola</i> bran, L. <i>simila</i> the finest
wheat flour.  Cf. <u>Semoule</u>, <u>Simnel</u>.] <def>The fine, hard
parts of wheat, rounded by the attrition of the millstones, -- used in
cookery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sem`o*li"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>Same as
<u>Semolina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*moule"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Same as
<u>Semolina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`per*vi"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>semper</i> always + <i>virens</i>, p. pr. of <i>virere</i> to be
green.] <def>Always fresh; evergreen.</def> [R.]  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"per*vive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>semperviva</i>, <i>sempervivum</i>, fr. <i>sempervivus</i> ever-
living; <i>semper</i> always + <i>vivus</i> living.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The houseleek.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sem`per*vi"vum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of fleshy-leaved plants, of which the houseleek
(<i>Sempervivum tectorum</i>) is the commonest species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`pi*ter"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sempiternus</i>, fr. <i>semper</i> always: cf. F.
<i>sempiternel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of neverending duration;
everlasting; endless; having beginning, but no end.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without beginning or end; eternal.</def>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"pi*terne</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sempiternal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sem`pi*ter"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sempiternitas</i>.] <def>Future duration without end; the relation
or state of being sempiternal.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sem"pre</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>semper</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Always; throughout; as,
<i>sempre</i> piano, always soft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Semp"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seamster.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Semp"stress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
seamstress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two hundred <i>sepstress</i> were employed to make me
shirts.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Semp"stress*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Seamstressy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seamster.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Se*mun"ci*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>semi</i> half + <i>uncia</i> ounce.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A
Roman coin equivalent to one twenty-fourth part of a Roman
pound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Japanese coin, worth
about one half of a cent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen</hw>, <pos><i>adv., prep., &amp; conj.</i></pos> [See
<u>Since</u>.] <def>Since.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sen"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>senarius</i>,
fr. <i>seni</i> six each, fr. <i>sex</i> six. See <u>Six</u>.] <def>Of
six; belonging to six; containing six.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>senat</i>, F.
<i>s&eacute;nat</i>, fr. L. <i>senatus</i>, fr. <i>senex</i>, gen.
<i>senis</i>, old, an old man. See <u>Senior</u>, <u>Sir</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An assembly or council having the highest
deliberative and legislative functions.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anc. Rom.)</i> <def>A body of elders appointed
or elected from among the nobles of the nation, and having supreme
legislative authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>senate</i> was thus the medium through which all
affairs of the whole government had to pass.</blockquote> <i>Dr. W.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The upper and less numerous branch of a
legislature in various countries, as in France, in the United States,
in most of the separate States of the United States, and in some Swiss
cantons.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In general, a legislative
body; a state council; the legislative department of
government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The governing body of the Universities of
Cambridge and London.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In some American colleges, a council of
elected students, presided over by the president of the college, to
which are referred cases of discipline and matters of general concern
affecting the students.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Senate chamber</b></col>, <cd>a room where a senate meets
when it transacts business.</cd> -- <col><b>Senate house</b></col>,
<cd>a house where a senate meets when it transacts business.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sen"a*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>senatour</i>,
OF. <i>senatour</i>, F. <i>s&eacute;nateur</i>, fr. L.
<i>senator</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A member of a
senate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The duke and <i>senators</i> of Venice greet
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States, each State sends two senators for a
term of six years to the national Congress.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O.Eng.Law)</i> <def>A member of the king's
council; a king's councilor.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen`a*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>s&eacute;natorial</i>, or L. <i>senatorius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a senator, or a senate; becoming to a
senator, or a senate; as, <i>senatorial</i> duties; <i>senatorial</i>
dignity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Entitled to elect a senator, or by
senators; as, the <i>senatorial</i> districts of a State.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sen`a*to"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
senatorial manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`a*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Senatorial.</def> [R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen`a*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Senatorial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sen"a*tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or dignity of a senator.</def>  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*na`tus*con*sult"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>senatus consultum</i>.] <def>A decree of the Roman
senate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Send</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sent</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sending</u>.] [AS. <i>sendan</i>; akin to OS. <i>sendian</i>, D.
<i>zenden</i>, G. <i>senden</i>, OHG. <i>senten</i>, Icel.
<i>senda</i>, Sw. <i>s&auml;nda</i>, Dan. <i>sende</i>, Goth.
<i>sandjan</i>, and to Goth. <i>sinp</i> a time (properly, a going),
ga<i>sinpa</i> companion, OHG. <i>sind</i> journey, AS.
<i>s&imacr;&?;</i>, Icel. <i>sinni</i> a walk, journey, a time. W.
<i>hynt</i> a way, journey, OIr. <i>s&?;t</i>.  Cf. <u>Sense</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to go in any manner; to dispatch; to
commission or direct to go; as, to <i>send</i> a messenger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not <i>sent</i> these prophets, yet they
ran.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xxiii. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I proceeded forth and came from God; neither came I of
myself, but he <i>sent</i> me.</blockquote> <i>John viii. 42.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Servants, <i>sent</i> on messages, stay out somewhat
longer than the message requires.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give motion to; to cause to be borne or
carried; to procure the going, transmission, or delivery of; as, to
<i>send</i> a message.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . <i>sent</i> letters by posts on
horseback.</blockquote> <i>Esther viii. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>send</i> out thy light an thy truth; let them lead
me.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xliii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To emit; to impel; to cast; to throw; to
hurl; as, to <i>send</i> a ball, an arrow, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be or to happen; to bestow; to
inflict; to grant; -- sometimes followed by a dependent
proposition.</def> "God <i>send</i> him well!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord shall <i>send</i> upon thee cursing, vexation,
and rebuke.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxviii. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>sendeth</i> rain on the just and on the
unjust.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 45.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>send</i> your mission may bring back
peace.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Send</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To dispatch an agent or messenger to convey a message, or to do
an errand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See ye how this son of a murderer hath <i>sent</i> to
take away my head?</blockquote> <i>2 Kings vi. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To pitch; as, the ship
<i>sends</i> forward so violently as to endanger her masts.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To send for</b></col>, <cd>to request or require by message
to come or be brought.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Send</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The impulse
of a wave by which a vessel is carried bodily.</def> [Written also
<i>scend</i>.] <i>W. C. Russell.</i> "The <i>send</i> of the sea".
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cendal</i> (cf.
Pr. &amp; Sp. <i>cendal</i>, It. <i>zendale</i>), LL. <i>cendallum</i>,
Gr. &?;&?;&?; a fine Indian cloth.] <def>A light thin stuff of
silk.</def> [Written also <i>cendal</i>, and <i>sendal</i>.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wore she not a veil of twisted <i>sendal</i>
embroidered with silver?</blockquote>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Send"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sends.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"e*cas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Seneca</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians who formerly inhabited a part of Western New York. This tribe
was the most numerous and most warlike of the Five Nations.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seneca grass</b></col><i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>holy grass. See
under <u>Holy</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Seneca eil</b></col>, <cd>petroleum
or naphtha.</cd> -- <col><b>Seneca root</b></col>, or <col><b>Seneca
snakeroot</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the rootstock of an American
species of milkworth (<i>Polygala Senega</i>) having an aromatic but
bitter taste. It is often used medicinally as an expectorant and
diuretic, and, in large doses, as an emetic and cathartic.</cd>
[Written also <i>Senega root</i>, and <i>Seneka root</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Se*ne"ci*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., groundsel,
lit., an old man. So called in allusion to the hoary appearance of the
pappus.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A very large genus of composite plants
including the groundsel and the golden ragwort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*nec"ti*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>senectus</i> aged, old age, <i>senex</i> old.] <def>Old age.</def>
[R.] "<i>Senectitude</i>, weary of its toils."  <i>H. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"e*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Seneca root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"e*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gum senegal. See
under <u>Gum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"e*gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med. Chem.)</i>
<def>A substance extracted from the rootstock of the <i>Polygala
Senega</i> (Seneca root), and probably identical with polygalic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*nes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Senescent</u>.] <def>The state of growing old; decay by
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*nes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>senescent</i>, p. pr. of <i>senescere</i> to grow old, incho. fr.
<i>senere</i> to be old.] <def>Growing old; decaying with the lapse of
time.</def> "The night was <i>senescent</i>." <i>Poe.</i> "With too
<i>senescent</i> air."  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"es*chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>seneschal</i>, LL. <i>seniscalcus</i>, of Teutonic origin; cf.
Goth. <i>sineigs</i> old, <i>skalks</i>, OHG. <i>scalch</i>, AS.
<i>scealc</i>.  Cf. <u>Senior</u>, <u>Marshal</u>.] <def>An officer in
the houses of princes and dignitaries, in the Middle Ages, who had the
superintendence of feasts and domestic ceremonies; a steward.
Sometimes the seneschal had the dispensing of justice, and was given
high military commands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then marshaled feast<BR>
Served up in hall with sewers and <i>seneschale</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Philip Augustus, by a famous ordinance in 1190, first
established royal courts of justice, held by the officers called
baitiffs, or <i>seneschals</i>, who acted as the king's lieutenants in
his demains.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"es*chal*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office,
dignity, or jurisdiction of a seneschal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Senge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To singe.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"green</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[AS. <i>singr&?;ne</i>,
properly, evergreen, fr. <i>sin</i> (in composition) always +
<i>gr&euml;ne</i> green; akin to OHG. <i>sin-</i> ever, L.
<i>semper</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The houseleek.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"nile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>senilis</i>, from
<i>senex</i>, gen. <i>senis</i>, old, an old man: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;nile</i>. See <u>Senior</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to old
age; proceeding from, or characteristic of, old age; affected with the
infirmities of old age; as, <i>senile</i> weakness.</def>
"<i>Senile</i> maturity of judgment."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Senile gangrene</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a form of
gangrene occuring particularly in old people, and caused usually by
insufficient blood supply due to degeneration of the walls of the
smaller arteries.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se*nil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;nilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
senile; old age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ior</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>senior</i>,
compar. of <i>senex</i>, gen. <i>senis</i>, old. See <u>Sir</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>More advanced than another in age; prior in
age; elder; hence, more advanced in dignity, rank, or office;
superior; as, <i>senior</i> member; <i>senior</i> counsel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the final year of the regular
course in American colleges, or in professional schools.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ior</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
person who is older than another; one more advanced in life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One older in office, or whose entrance upon
office was anterior to that of another; one prior in grade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An aged person; an older.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each village <i>senior</i> paused to scan,<BR>
And speak the lovely caravan.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One in the fourth or final year of his
collegiate course at an American college; -- originally called
<i>senior sophister</i>; also, one in the last year of the course at a
professional schools or at a seminary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*ior"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being senior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ior*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To exercise
authority; to rule; to lord it.</def> [R.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ior*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Seniority.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It. &amp; Sp.
<i>sena</i>, Pg. <i>sene</i>, F. <i>s&eacute;n&eacute;</i>; all fr.
Ar. <i>san&amacr;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
leaves of several leguminous plants of the genus Cassia. (<i>C.
acutifolia</i>, <i>C. angustifolia</i>, etc.). They constitute a
valuable but nauseous cathartic medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The plants themselves, native
to the East, but now cultivated largely in the south of Europe and in
the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bladder senna</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Bladder</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild senna</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the <i>Cassia Marilandica</i>, growing in the United States, the
leaves of which are used medicinally, like those of the officinal
senna.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1310 !></p>

<p><hw>Sen"na*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seannachie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Properly, a sign given
for the entrance or exit of actors, from OF. <i>sinet</i>,
<i>signet</i>, dim. of <i>signe</i>. See <u>Signet</u>.] <def>A signal
call on a trumpet or cornet for entrance or exit on the stage.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sen"net</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
barracuda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"night</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr.
<i>sevennight</i>.] <def>The space of seven nights and days; a
week.</def> [Written also <i>se'nnight</i>.] [Archaic.]  <i>Shak.</i>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"nit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Seven</i> +
<i>knit</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A braided cord or
fabric formed by plaiting together rope yarns or other small
stuff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plaited straw or palm leaves for making
hats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*noc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>seni</i> six
each (fr. <i>sex</i> six) + <i>oculus</i> eye.] <def>Having six
eyes.</def> [R.]  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*no"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>s&eacute;nonien</i>, from the district of <i>S&eacute;nonais</i>,
in France.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>In european geology, a name given to
the middle division of the Upper Cretaceous formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*&ntilde;or"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.  Cf.
<u>Senior</u>.] <def>A Spanish title of courtesy corresponding to the
English <i>Mr</i>. or <i>Sir</i>; also, a gentleman.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*&ntilde;o"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A
Spanish title of courtesy given to a lady; Mrs.; Madam; also, a
lady.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se`&ntilde;o*ri"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<def>A Spanish title of courtesy given to a young lady; Miss; also, a
young lady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sens</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Since</u>.]
<def>Since.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sensated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sensating</u>.] [See <u>Sensated</u>.] <def>To feel or apprehend
more or less distinctly through a sense, or the senses; as, to
<i>sensate</i> light, or an odor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As those of the one are <i>sensated</i> by the ear, so
those of the other are by the eye.</blockquote> <i>R. Hooke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sen"sate</hw> (?), <hw>Sen"sa*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sensatus</i> gifted with sense,
intelligent, fr. <i>sensus</i> sense. See <u>Sense</u>.] <def>Felt or
apprehended through a sense, or the senses.</def> [R.]
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sensation</i>. See <u>Sensate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An impression, or the consciousness of an
impression, made upon the central nervous organ, through the medium of
a sensory or afferent nerve or one of the organs of sense; a feeling,
or state of consciousness, whether agreeable or disagreeable, produced
either by an external object (stimulus), or by some change in the
internal state of the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Perception is only a special kind of knowledge, and
<i>sensation</i> a special kind of feeling.  . . . Knowledge and
feeling, perception and <i>sensation</i>, though always coexistent,
are always in the inverse ratio of each other.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A purely spiritual or psychical affection;
agreeable or disagreeable feelings occasioned by objects that are not
corporeal or material.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A state of excited interest or feeling, or
that which causes it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sensation</i> caused by the appearance of that
work is still remembered by many.</blockquote> <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Perception.  -- <u>Sensation</u>, <u>Perseption</u>.
The distinction between these words, when used in mental philosophy,
may be thus stated; if I simply smell a rose, I have a
<i>sensation</i>; if I refer that smell to the external object which
occasioned it, I have a <i>perception</i>. Thus, the former is mere
feeling, without the idea of an object; the latter is the mind's
apprehension of some external object as occasioning that feeling.
"<i>Sensation</i> properly expresses <i>that change in the state of
the mind</i> which is produced by an impression upon an organ of sense
(of which change we can conceive the mind to be conscious, without any
knowledge of external objects). <i>Perception</i>, on the other hand,
expresses the <i>knowledge</i> or the intimations we obtain by means
of our <i>sensations</i> concerning the qualities of matter, and
consequently involves, in every instance, the notion of
<i>externality</i>, or <i>outness</i>, which it is necessary to
exclude in order to seize the precise import of the word
<i>sensation</i>." <i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sa"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to sensation; as,
<i>sensational</i> nerves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to sensationalism, or the
doctrine that sensation is the sole origin of knowledge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Suited or intended to excite temporarily
great interest or emotion; melodramatic; emotional; as,
<i>sensational</i> plays or novels; <i>sensational</i> preaching;
<i>sensational</i> journalism; a <i>sensational</i> report.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sa"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The doctrine held by
Condillac, and by some ascribed to Locke, that our ideas originate
solely in sensation, and consist of sensations transformed;
sensualism; -- opposed to <i>intuitionalism</i>, and
<i>rationalism</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The practice or methods of sensational
writing or speaking; as, the <i>sensationalism</i> of a
novel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sa"tion*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>An advocate of, or believer
in, philosophical sensationalism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who practices sensational writing or
speaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sense</hw> (s&ebreve;ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sensus</i>, from <i>sentire</i>, <i>sensum</i>, to perceive, to
feel, from the same root as E. <i>send</i>; cf. OHG. <i>sin</i> sense,
mind, <i>sinnan</i> to go, to journey, G. <i>sinnen</i> to meditate,
to think: cf. F. <i>sens</i>. For the change of meaning cf.
<u>See</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> See <u>Send</u>, and cf.
<u>Assent</u>, <u>Consent</u>, <u>Scent</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<u>Sentence</u>, <u>Sentient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A faculty, possessed by animals, of perceiving
external objects by means of impressions made upon certain organs
(sensory or sense organs) of the body, or of perceiving changes in the
condition of the body; as, the <i>senses</i> of sight, smell, hearing,
taste, and touch. See <i>Muscular sense</i>, under <u>Muscular</u>,
and <i>Temperature sense</i>, under <u>Temperature</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let fancy still my <i>sense</i> in Lethe
steep.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What surmounts the reach<BR>
Of human <i>sense</i> I shall delineate.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The traitor <i>Sense</i> recalls<BR>
The soaring soul from rest.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Perception by the sensory organs of the
body; sensation; sensibility; feeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a living creature, though never so great, the
<i>sense</i> and the affects of any one part of the body instantly
make a transcursion through the whole.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Perception through the intellect;
apprehension; recognition; understanding; discernment;
appreciation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This Basilius, having the quick <i>sense</i> of a
lover.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>High disdain from <i>sense</i> of injured
merit.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sound perception and reasoning; correct
judgment; good mental capacity; understanding; also, that which is
sound, true, or reasonable; rational meaning.</def> "He speaks
<i>sense</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He raves; his words are loose<BR>
As heaps of sand, and scattering wide from <i>sense</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is felt or is held as a
sentiment, view, or opinion; judgment; notion; opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I speak my private but impartial <i>sense</i><BR>
With freedom.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The municipal council of the city had ceased to speak
the <i>sense</i> of the citizens.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Meaning; import; signification; as, the
true <i>sense</i> of words or phrases; the <i>sense</i> of a
remark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So they read in the book in the law of God distinctly,
and gave the <i>sense</i>.</blockquote> <i>Neh. viii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I think 't was in another <i>sense</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Moral perception or appreciation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some are so hardened in wickedness as to have no
<i>sense</i> of the most friendly offices.</blockquote> <i>L'
Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>One of two opposite
directions in which a line, surface, or volume, may be supposed to be
described by the motion of a point, line, or surface.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Common sense</b></col>, according to Sir W. Hamilton:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>"The complement of those cognitions or
convictions which we receive from nature, which all men possess in
common, and by which they test the truth of knowledge and the morality
of actions."</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>"The faculty of first
principles." These two are the philosophical significations.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>"Such ordinary complement of intelligence,
that,if a person be deficient therein, he is accounted mad or
foolish."</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>When the substantive is
emphasized: "Native practical intelligence, natural prudence, mother
wit, tact in behavior, acuteness in the observation of character, in
contrast to habits of acquired learning or of speculation."</cd> --
<col><b>Moral sense</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Moral</u>,
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>The inner</b></col>, or
<col><b>internal</b></col>, <col><b>sense</b></col>, <cd>capacity of
the mind to be aware of its own states; consciousness;
reflection.</cd>  "This source of ideas every man has wholly in
himself, and though it be not sense, as having nothing to do with
external objects, yet it is very like it, and might properly enough be
called <i>internal sense</i>." <i>Locke.</i> -- <col><b>Sense
capsule</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the cartilaginous or bony
cavities which inclose, more or less completely, the organs of smell,
sight, and hearing.</cd> -- <col><b>Sense organ</b></col>
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>a specially irritable mechanism by which some
one natural force or form of energy is enabled to excite sensory
nerves; as the eye, ear, an end bulb or tactile corpuscle, etc.</cd> -
- <col><b>Sense organule</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the
modified epithelial cells in or near which the fibers of the sensory
nerves terminate.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Understanding; reason.  -- <u>Sense</u>,
<u>Understanding</u>, <u>Reason</u>. Some philosophers have given a
technical signification to these terms, which may here be stated.
<i>Sense</i> is the mind's acting in the direct cognition either of
material objects or of its own mental states. In the first case it is
called the <i>outer</i>, in the second the <i>inner</i>, sense.
<i>Understanding</i> is the logical faculty, <i>i. e.</i>, the power
of apprehending under general conceptions, or the power of
classifying, arranging, and making deductions. <i>Reason</i> is the
power of apprehending those first or fundamental truths or principles
which are the conditions of all real and scientific knowledge, and
which control the mind in all its processes of investigation and
deduction. These distinctions are given, not as established, but
simply because they often occur in writers of the present day.</p>

<p><hw>Sense</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sensed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sensing</u>.] <def>To perceive by the senses; to recognize.</def>
[Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Is he sure that objects are not otherwise <i>sensed</i>
by others than they are by him?</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sense"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of sense,
meaning, or reason; reasonable; judicious.</def> [R.] "<i>Senseful</i>
speech." <i>Spenser.</i> "Men, otherwise <i>senseful</i> and
ingenious." <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sense"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of,
deficient in, or contrary to, sense; without sensibility or feeling;
unconscious; stupid; foolish; unwise; unreasonable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You blocks, you stones, you worse than <i>senseless</i>
things.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ears are <i>senseless</i> that should give us
hearing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>senseless</i> grave feels not your pious
sorrows.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They were a <i>senseless</i>, stupid race.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They would repent this their <i>senseless</i>
perverseness when it would be too late.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p>--- <wf>Sense"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sense"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sen`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sensibilities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>sensibilit&eacute;</i>, LL. <i>sensibilitas</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The quality or state of
being sensible, or capable of sensation; capacity to feel or
perceive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The capacity of emotion or feeling, as
distinguished from the intellect and the will; peculiar susceptibility
of impression, pleasurable or painful; delicacy of feeling; quick
emotion or sympathy; as, <i>sensibility</i> to pleasure or pain;
<i>sensibility</i> to shame or praise; exquisite <i>sensibility</i>; -
- often used in the plural.</def> "<i>Sensibilities</i> so fine!"
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The true lawgiver ought to have a heart full of
<i>sensibility</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>sensibilities</i> seem rather to have been those
of patriotism than of wounded pride.</blockquote> <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Experience of sensation; actual
feeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This adds greatly to my
<i>sensibility</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That quality of an instrument which makes
it indicate very slight changes of condition; delicacy; as, the
<i>sensibility</i> of a balance, or of a thermometer.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Taste; susceptibility; feeling. See
<u>Taste</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>sensibilis</i>, fr. <i>sensus</i> sense.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being perceived by the senses; apprehensible through
the bodily organs; hence, also, perceptible to the mind; making an
impression upon the sense, reason, or understanding;
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; heat; <i>sensible</i> resistance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Air is <i>sensible</i> to the touch by its
motion.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The disgrace was more <i>sensible</i> than the
pain.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Any very <i>sensible</i> effect upon the prices of
things.</blockquote> <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the capacity of receiving
impressions from external objects; capable of perceiving by the
instrumentality of the proper organs; liable to be affected
physsically or mentally; impressible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Would your cambric were <i>sensible</i> as your
finger.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Liable to impression from without;
easily affected; having nice perception or acute feeling; sensitive;
also, readily moved or affected by natural agents; delicate; as, a
<i>sensible</i> thermometer.</def> "With affection wondrous
<i>sensible</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Perceiving or having perception, either by
the senses or the mind; cognizant; perceiving so clearly as to be
convinced; satisfied; persuaded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [man] can not think at any time, waking or sleeping,
without being <i>sensible</i> of it.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are now <i>sensible</i> it would have been better
to comply than to refuse.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having moral perception; capable of being
affected by moral good or evil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Possessing or containing sense or reason;
giftedwith, or characterized by, good or common sense; intelligent;
wise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now a <i>sensible</i> man, by and by a
fool.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sensible note</b></col> or <col><b>tone</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the major seventh note of any scale; -- so called
because, being but a half step below the octave, or key tone, and
naturally leading up to that, it makes the ear <i>sensible</i> of its
approaching sound. Called also the <i>leading tone</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sensible horizon</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Horizon</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Intelligent; wise.  -- <u>Sensible</u>,
<u>Intelligent</u>. We call a man <i>sensible</i> whose judgments and
conduct are marked and governed by sound judgment or good common
semse. We call one <i>intelligent</i> who is quick and clear in his
understanding, <i>i. e.</i>, who discriminates readily and nicely in
respect to difficult and important distinction. The sphere of the
<i>sensible</i> man lies in matters of practical concern; of the
<i>intelligent</i> man, in subjects of intellectual interest. "I have
been tired with accounts from <i>sensible</i> men, furnished with
matters of fact which have happened within their own knowledge."
<i>Addison.</i> "Trace out numerous footsteps . . . of a most wise and
<i>intelligent</i> architect throughout all this stupendous fabric."
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sensation; sensibility.</def> [R.] "Our temper changed . . .
which must needs remove the <i>sensible</i> of pain."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which impresses itself on the sense;
anything perceptible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Aristotle distinguished <i>sensibles</i> into common
and proper.</blockquote> <i>Krauth-Fleming.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which has sensibility; a sensitive
being.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This melancholy extends itself not to men only, but
even to vegetals and <i>sensibles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being sensible; sensibility;
appreciation; capacity of perception; susceptibility.</def> "The
<i>sensibleness</i> of the eye." <i>Sharp.</i> "<i>Sensibleness</i>
and sorrow for sin."  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sensibleness</i> of the divine
presence.</blockquote> <i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intelligence; reasonableness; good
sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a sensible manner; so as to be perceptible to the senses or to
the mind; appreciably; with perception; susceptibly;
sensitively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What remains past cure,<BR>
Bear not too <i>sensibly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With intelligence or good sense;
judiciously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`si*fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sensus</i> sense + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Converting into
sensation.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sensifer</i>; <i>sensus</i> sense + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<def>Exciting sensation; conveying sensation.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sensificus</i>; <i>sensus</i> sense + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Exciting sensation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sif"i*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Susceptible of, or converting into, sensation; as, the
<i>sensificatory</i> part of a nervous system.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*sig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sensus</i>
sense + <i>-genous</i>.] <def>Causing or exciting sensation.</def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sens"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sensualism</u>, 2 &amp; 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sens"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, in
philosophy, holds to sensism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sensitif</i>.
See <u>Sense</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having sense of feeling;
possessing or exhibiting the capacity of receiving impressions from
external objects; as, a <i>sensitive</i> soul.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having quick and acute sensibility, either
to the action of external objects, or to impressions upon the mind and
feelings; highly susceptible; easily and acutely affected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She was too <i>sensitive</i> to abuse and
calumny.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Having a
capacity of being easily affected or moved; as, a <i>sensitive</i>
thermometer; <i>sensitive</i> scales.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Chem. &amp; Photog.)</i> <def>Readily affected or changed by certain
appropriate agents; as, silver chloride or bromide, when in contact
with certain organic substances, is extremely <i>sensitive</i> to
actinic rays.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Serving to affect the sense;
sensible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A sensitive love of some <i>sensitive</i>
objects.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to sensation; depending on
sensation; as, <i>sensitive</i> motions; <i>sensitive</i> muscular
motions excited by irritation.</def>  <i>E. Darwin.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sensitive fern</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American
fern (<i>Onoclea sensibilis</i>), the leaves of which, when plucked,
show a slight tendency to fold together.</cd> -- <col><b>Sensitive
flame</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a gas flame so arranged that
under a suitable adjustment of pressure it is exceedingly sensitive to
sounds, being caused to roar, flare, or become suddenly shortened or
extinguished, by slight sounds of the proper pitch.</cd> --
<col><b>Sensitive joint vetch</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an annual
leguminous herb (<i>&AElig;schynomene hispida</i>), with sensitive
foliage.</cd> -- <col><b>Sensitive paper</b></col>, <cd>paper prepared
for photographic purpose by being rendered sensitive to the effect of
light.</cd> -- <col><b>Sensitive plant</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A leguminous plant (<i>Mimosa pudica</i>, or
<i>M. sensitiva</i>, and other allied species), the leaves of which
close at the slightest touch.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any plant
showing motions after irritation, as the sensitive brier
(<i>Schrankia</i>) of the Southern States, two common American species
of Cassia (<i>C. nictitans</i>, and <i>C. Cham&aelig;crista</i>), a
kind of sorrel (<i>Oxalis sensitiva</i>), etc.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1311 !></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sen"si*tive*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sen"si*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sen`si*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sensitive; -- used chiefly in science and the arts;
as, the <i>sensitivity</i> of iodized silver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sensitivity</i> and emotivity have also been used as
the scientific term for the capacity of feeling.</blockquote>
<i>Hickok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>To render sensitive, or susceptible of being easily acted on by
the actinic rays of the sun; as, <i>sensitized</i> paper or
plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*ti`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>An agent that sensitizes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sensitizer</i> should be poured on the middle of
the sheet.</blockquote> <i>Wilis &amp; Clements (The Platinotype).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"si*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sensory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sens"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having sense or
sensibility; sensitive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sensory; as, the
<i>sensor</i> nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sensorial</i>. See <u>Sensorium</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
sensorium; as, <i>sensorial</i> faculties, motions, powers.</def>
<i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*so"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Sensoriums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Sensoria</b></plw> (#).
[L., fr. <i>sentire</i>, <i>sensum</i>, <i>to discern or perceive by
the senses</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The seat of sensation; the
nervous center or centers to which impressions from the external world
must be conveyed before they can be perceived; the place where
external impressions are localized, and transformed into sensations,
prior to being reflected to other parts of the organism; hence, the
whole nervous system, when animated, so far as it is susceptible of
common or special sensations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*so`ri-vo*li"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Concerned both in sensation and volition; --
applied to those nerve fibers which pass to and from the cerebro-
spinal axis, and are respectively concerned in sensation and
volition.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sensories</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sensorium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"so*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the sensorium or sensation; as, <i>sensory</i>
impulses; -- especially applied to those nerves and nerve fibers which
convey to a nerve center impulses resulting in sensation; also
sometimes loosely employed in the sense of <i>afferent</i>, to
indicate nerve fibers which convey impressions of any kind to a nerve
center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sensualis</i>,
from <i>sensus</i> sense: cf. F. <i>sensuel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, consisting in, or affecting, the sense, or bodily
organs of perception; relating to, or concerning, the body, in
distinction from the spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pleasing and <i>sensual</i> rites and
ceremonies.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Far as creation's ample range extends,<BR>
The scale of <i>sensual</i>, mental powers ascends.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, not spiritual or intellectual;
carnal; fleshly; pertaining to, or consisting in, the gratification of
the senses, or the indulgence of appetites; wordly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These be they who separate themselves, <i>sensual</i>,
having not the Spirit.</blockquote> <i>Jude 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The greatest part of men are such as prefer . . . that
good which is <i>sensual</i> before whatsoever is most
divine.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Devoted to the pleasures of sense and
appetite; luxurious; voluptuous; lewd; libidinous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No small part of virtue consists in abstaining from
that wherein <i>sensual</i> men place their felicity.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining or peculiar to the philosophical
doctrine of sensualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sensualisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition or
character of one who is sensual; subjection to sensual feelings and
appetite; sensuality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The doctrine that all our
ideas, or the operations of the understanding, not only originate in
sensation, but are transformed sensations, copies or relics of
sensations; sensationalism; sensism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Ethics)</i> <def>The regarding of the
gratification of the senses as the highest good.</def>  <i>Krauth-
Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>sensualiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is sensual; one
given to the indulgence of the appetites or senses as the means of
happiness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who holds to the doctrine of
sensualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`su*al*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sensual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adopting or teaching the doctrines of
sensualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`su*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>sensualit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>sensualitas</i> sensibility, capacity
for sensation.] <def>The quality or state of being sensual;
devotedness to the gratification of the bodily appetites; free
indulgence in carnal or sensual pleasures; luxuriousness;
voluptuousness; lewdness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those pampered animals<BR>
That rage in savage <i>sensuality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They avoid dress, lest they should have affections
tainted by any <i>sensuality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen`su*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of sensualizing, or the state of being sensualized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sensualized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sensualizing</u> (?).] <def>To make sensual; to
subject to the love of sensual pleasure; to debase by carnal
gratifications; to carnalize; as, <i>sensualized</i> by
pleasure.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By the neglect of prayer, the thoughts are
<i>sensualized</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. H. Skinner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sensual
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sensuality;
fleshliness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sensualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`su*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sensuous; sensuousness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sen"su*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the senses, or sensible objects; addressing
the senses; suggesting pictures or images of sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To this poetry would be made precedent, as being less
subtle and fine, but more simple, <i>sensuous</i>, and
passionate.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Highly susceptible to influence through the
senses.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sen"su*ous*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sen"su*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sent</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Scent</u>,
<pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sent</hw>, <def><pos><i>obs. 3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Send</u>, for <i>sendeth</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sent</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Send</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"tence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>sententia</i>, for <i>sentientia</i>, from <i>sentire</i> to
discern by the senses and the mind, to feel, to think. See
<u>Sense</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sentiensi</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sense; meaning; significance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tales of best <i>sentence</i> and most
solace.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The discourse itself, voluble enough, and full of
<i>sentence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An opinion; a decision;
a determination; a judgment, especially one of an unfavorable
nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>sentence</i> is for open war.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That by them [Luther's works] we may pass
<i>sentence</i> upon his doctrines.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A philosophical or theological opinion; a
dogma; as, Summary of the <i>Sentences</i>; Book of the
<i>Sentences</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>In civil and admiralty law,
the judgment of a court pronounced in a cause; in criminal and
ecclesiastical courts, a judgment passed on a criminal by a court or
judge; condemnation pronounced by a judgical tribunal; doom. In common
law, the term is exclusively used to denote the judgment in criminal
cases.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Received the <i>sentence</i> of the law.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A short saying, usually containing moral
instruction; a maxim; an axiom; a saw.</def>  <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A combination of words which
is complete as expressing a thought, and in writing is marked at the
close by a period, or full point. See <u>Proposition</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sentences</i> are simple or compound. A simple sentence
consists of one subject and one finite verb; as, "The Lord reigns." A
compound sentence contains two or more subjects and finite verbs, as
in this verse: -</p>

<p><blockquote>He fills, he bounds, connects, and equals
all.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dark sentence</b></col>, <cd>a saving not easily
explained.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>A king . . . understanding <i>dark
sentences</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dan. vii. 23.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"tence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sentenced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sentencing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass or pronounce
judgment upon; to doom; to condemn to punishment; to prescribe the
punishment of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature herself is <i>sentenced</i> in your
doom.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To decree or announce as a sentence.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter sententiously.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ten*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pronounced a sentence or condemnation.</def></p>

<p><hw>sen*ten"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Comprising sentences; as, a <i>sentential</i> translation.</def>
<i>Abp. Newcome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a sentence, or full
period; as, a <i>sentential</i> pause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*ten"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sentential manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen*ten"ti*a*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sententiary.</def>  <i>Barnas Sears (Life of Luther).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*ten"ti*ary</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>sententiarius</i>.] <def>One who read lectures, or commented, on
the Sentences of Peter Lombard, Bishop of Paris (1159-1160), a school
divine.</def>  <i>R. Henry.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*ten`ti*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being sententious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen*ten"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>sentenciosus</i>: cf. F. <i>sentencieux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with sentences, axioms, and maxims; full of meaning;
terse and energetic in expression; pithy; as, a <i>sententious</i>
style or discourse; <i>sententious</i> truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How he apes his sire,<BR>
Ambitiously <i>sententious</i>!</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Comprising or representing sentences;
sentential.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Sententious</i> marks."  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p>--- <wf>Sen*ten"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sen*ten"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sentry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"teur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Scent.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sen"ti*ence</hw> (?), <hw>Sen"ti*en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sentient</u>, <u>Sentence</u>.] <def>The
quality or state of being sentient; esp., the quality or state of
having sensation.</def>  <i>G. H. Lewes </i></p>

<p><blockquote>An example of harmonious action between the
intelligence and the <i>sentieny</i> of the mind.</blockquote>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ti*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sentiens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sentire</i> to discern or perceive by the
senses. See <u>Sense</u>.] <def>Having a faculty, or faculties, of
sensation and perception. Specif. <i>(Physiol.)</i>, especially
sensitive; as, the <i>sentient</i> extremities of nerves, which
terminate in the various organs or tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ti*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has the
faculty of perception; a sentient being.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ti*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sentient
or perceptive way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ti*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sentement</i>, OF. <i>sentement</i>, F. <i>sentiment</i>, fr. L.
<i>sentire</i> to perceive by the senses and mind, to feel, to think.
See <u>Sentient</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thought prompted by passion or feeling; a state of mind in view of
some subject; feeling toward or respecting some person or thing;
disposition prompting to action or expression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word <i>sentiment</i>, agreeably to the use made of
it by our best English writers, expresses, in my own opinion very
happily, those complex determinations of the mind which result from
the co&ouml;peration of our rational powers and of our moral
feelings.</blockquote> <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Alike to council or the assembly came,<BR>
With equal souls and <i>sentiments</i> the same.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, generally, a decision of the mind
formed by deliberation or reasoning; thought; opinion; notion;
judgment; as, to express one's <i>sentiments</i> on a
subject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sentiments</i> of philosophers about the perception
of external objects.</blockquote> <i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sentiment, as here and elsewhere employed by Reid in
the meaning of opinion (sententia), is not to be
imitated.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sentence, or passage, considered as the
expression of a thought; a maxim; a saying; a toast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sensibility; feeling; tender
susceptibility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Hume sometimes employs (after the manner of the
French metaphysicians) <i>sentiment</i> as synonymous with feeling; a
use of the word quite unprecedented in our tongue.</blockquote>
<i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Less of <i>sentiment</i> than sense.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Thought; opinion; notion; sensibility; feeling.  --
<u>Sentiment</u>, <u>Opinion</u>, <u>Feeling</u>. An <i>opinion</i> is
an intellectual judgment in respect to any and every kind of truth.
<i>Feeling</i> describes those affections of pleasure and pain which
spring from the exercise of our sentient and emotional powers.
<i>Sentiment</i> (particularly in the plural) lies between them,
denoting <i>settled opinions</i> or principles in regard to subjects
which interest the feelings strongly, and are presented more or less
constantly in practical life. Hence, it is more appropriate to speak
of our religious <i>sentiments</i> than <i>opinions</i>, unless we
mean to exclude all reference to our feelings. The word
<i>sentiment</i>, in the singular, leans ordinarily more to the side
of feeling, and denotes a refined sensibility on subjects affecting
the heart. "On questions of feeling, taste, observation, or report, we
define our <i>sentiments</i>. On questions of science, argument, or
metaphysical abstraction, we define our <i>opinions</i>. The
<i>sentiments</i> of the heart. The <i>opinions</i> of the mind . . .
There is more of instinct in <i>sentiment</i>, and more of definition
in <i>opinion</i>. The admiration of a work of art which results from
first impressions is classed with our <i>sentiments</i>; and, when we
have accounted to ourselves for the approbation, it is classed with
our <i>opinions</i>." <i>W. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sentimental</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having, expressing, or
containing a sentiment or sentiments; abounding with moral
reflections; containing a moral reflection; didactic.</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nay, ev'n each moral <i>sentimental</i> stroke,<BR>
Where not the character, but poet, spoke,<BR>
He lopped, as foreign to his chaste design,<BR>
Nor spared a useless, though a golden line.</blockquote>
<i>Whitehead.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to sentiment; having an excess of
sentiment or sensibility; indulging the sensibilities for their own
sake; artificially or affectedly tender; -- often in a reproachful
sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sentimental</i> mind is rather prone to
overwrought feeling and exaggerated tenderness.</blockquote>
<i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Addressed or pleasing to the emotions only,
usually to the weaker and the unregulated emotions.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Romantic.  -- <u>Sentimental</u>, <u>Romantic</u>.
<i>Sentimental</i> usually describes an error or excess of the
sensibilities; <i>romantic</i>, a vice of the imagination. The votary
of the former gives indulgence to his sensibilities for the mere
luxury of their excitement; the votary of the latter allows his
imagination to rove for the pleasure of creating scenes of ideal
enjoiment. "Perhaps there is no less danger in works called
<i>sentimental</i>. They attack the heart more successfully, because
more cautiously." <i>V. Knox.</i> "I can not but look on an
indifferency of mind, as to the good or evil things of this life, as a
mere <i>romantic</i> fancy of such who would be thought to be much
wiser than they ever were, or could be." <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men"tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sentimentalisme</i>.] <def>The quality of being sentimental; the
character or behavior of a sentimentalist; sentimentality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men"tal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sentimentaliste</i>.] <def>One who has, or affects, sentiment or
fine feeling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>sentimentalit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
sentimental.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men"tal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
regard in a sentimental manner; as, to <i>sentimentalize</i> a
subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men"tal*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To think
or act in a sentimental manner, or like a sentimentalist; to affect
exquisite sensibility.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*men"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sentimental manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sentina</i>
bilge water, hold of a ship, dregs: cf. F. <i>sentine</i>.] <def>A
place for dregs and dirt; a sink; a sewer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ti*nel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sentinelle</i>
(cf. It. <i>sentinella</i>); probably originally, a litle path, the
sentinel's beat,, and a dim. of a word meaning, path; cf. F.
<i>sente</i> path. L. <i>semita</i>; and OF. <i>sentine</i>,
<i>sentele</i>, <i>senteret</i>, diminutive words.  Cf.
<u>Sentry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who watches or guards;
specifically <i>(Mil.)</i>, a soldier set to guard an army, camp, or
other place, from surprise, to observe the approach of danger, and
give notice of it; a sentry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sentinels</i> who paced the
ramparts.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Watch; guard.</def> [Obs.] "That princes do
keep due <i>sentinel</i>."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A marine crab
(<i>Podophthalmus vigil</i>) native of the Indian Ocean, remarkable
for the great length of its eyestalks; -- called also <i>sentinel
crab</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"ti*nel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sentineled</u> (?) or <u>Sentinelled</u>; <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sentineling</u> or <u>Sentinelling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To watch over like a sentinel.</def> "To
<i>sentinel</i> enchanted land." [R.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a sentinel; to place under
the guard of a sentinel or sentinels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`ti*sec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sentire</i> to feel + E. <i>section</i>.] <def>Painful vivisection;
-- opposed to <i>callisection</i>.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sen"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sentires</b></plw> (#). [Probably from OF. <i>senteret</i> a
little patch; cf. F. <i>sentier</i> path, and OF. <i>sente</i>. See
<u>Sentinel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A soldier
placed on guard; a sentinel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Guard; watch, as by a sentinel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here toils, and death, and death's half-brother,
sleep,<BR>
Forms terrible to view, their <i>sentry</i> keep.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sentry box</b></col>, <cd>a small house or box to cover a
sentinel at his post, and shelter him from the weather.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sen"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Without; as, <i>senza</i> stromenti, without
instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>sepalum</i>,
formed in imitation of NL. <i>petalum</i>, petal, to denote one of the
divisions of the calyx: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;pale</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A leaf or division of the calyx.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When the calyx consists of but one part, it is said to be
<i>monosepalous</i>; when of two parts, it is said to be
<i>disepalous</i>; when of a variable and indefinite number of parts,
it is said to be <i>polysepalous</i>; when of several parts united, it
is properly called <i>gamosepalous</i>.</p>

<p><! p. 1312 !></p>

<p><hw>Se"paled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having one or more sepals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"al*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Relating to, or having the nature of, sepals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*pal"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sepal</i>  + Gr.
&?;&?;&?; form.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The metamorphosis of other floral
organs into sepals or sepaloid bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"al*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sepal</i>  + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Like a sepal, or a division of a
calyx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having, or relating to, sepals; -- used mostly in composition.
See under <u>Sepal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`a*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality
of being separable or divisible; divisibility;
separableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>separabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;parable</i>.] <def>Capable of
being separated, disjoined, disunited, or divided; as, the
<i>separable</i> parts of plants; qualities not <i>separable</i> from
the substance in which they exist.</def> --
<wf>Sep"a*ra*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sep"a*ra*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Trials permit me not to doubt of the
<i>separableness</i> of a yellow tincture from gold.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Separated</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Separating</u>.] [L. <i>separatus</i>, p. p. of <i>separare</i> to
separate; pfref. <i>se-</i> aside + <i>parare</i> to make ready,
prepare. See <u>Parade</u>, and cf. <u>Sever</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To disunite; to divide; to disconnect; to sever; to part in any
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the fine gold I <i>separate</i> the
alloy.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Separate</i> thyself, I pray thee, from
me.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xiii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who shall <i>separate</i> us from the love of
Christ?</blockquote> <i>Rom. viii. 35.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come between; to keep apart by occupying
the space between; to lie between; as, the Mediterranean Sea
<i>separates</i> Europe and Africa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set apart; to select from among others,
as for a special use or service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Separate</i> me Barnabas and Saul for the work
whereunto I have called thaem.</blockquote> <i>Acts xiii. 2.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Separated flowers</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>flowers
which have stamens and pistils in separate flowers; diclinous
flowers.</cd>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To part; to
become disunited; to be disconnected; to withdraw from one another;
as, the family <i>separated</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>separatus</i>, p. p. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Divided from another
or others; disjoined; disconnected; separated; -- said of things once
connected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Him that was <i>separate</i> from his
brethren.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xlix. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unconnected; not united or associated;
distinct; -- said of things that have not been connected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For such an high priest became us, who is holy,
harmless, undefiled, <i>separate</i> from sinnere.</blockquote>
<i>Heb. vii. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Disunited from the body; disembodied; as, a
<i>separate</i> spirit; the <i>separate</i> state of souls.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Separate estate</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an estate
limited to a married woman independent of her husband.</cd> --
<col><b>Separate maintenance</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an allowance
made to a wife by her husband under deed of separation.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sep"a*rate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sep"a*rate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sep`a*rat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to separatism in religion; schismatical.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr.
T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designed or
employed to separate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Separating funnel</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a funnel,
often globe-shaped, provided with a stopcock for the separate drawing
off of immiscible liquids of different specific gravities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sep`a*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>separatio</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;paration</i>.] <def>The act of
separating, or the state of being separated, or separate.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Chemical analysis.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Divorce.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Steam
Boilers)</i> <def>The operation of removing water from
steam.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Judicial separation</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a form of
divorce; a separation of man and wife which has the effect of making
each a single person for all legal purposes but without ability to
contract a new marriage.</cd> <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. F.
<i>s&eacute;paratisme</i>.] <def>The character or act of a separatist;
disposition to withdraw from a church; the practice of so
withdrawing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`a*ra*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;paratiste</i>.] <def>One who withdraws or separates
himself; especially, one who withdraws from a church to which he has
belonged; a seceder from an established church; a dissenter; a
nonconformist; a schismatic; a sectary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heavy fines on divines who should preach in any meeting
of <i>separatist</i> .</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep`a*ra*tis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to separatists; characterizing separatists;
schismatical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>separativus</i>.] <def>Causing, or being to cause,
separation.</def> "<i>Separative</i> virtue of extreme cold."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who,
or that which, separates.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Steam Boilers)</i> <def>A device for depriving steam of particles
of water mixed with it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>An apparatus for sorting pulverized ores into grades, or
separating them from gangue.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Weaving)</i> <def>An instrument used for spreading apart the
threads of the warp in the loom, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Separative.</def>  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"a*ra*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;paratoire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
apparatus used in separating, as a separating funnel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A surgical instrument for
separating the pericranium from the cranium.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep`a*ra"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>-trices</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>-trixes</b></plw> (#). [L.,
she that separates.] <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>The decimal point; the dot
placed at the left of a decimal fraction, to separate it from the
whole number which it follows. The term is sometimes also applied to
other marks of separation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*pawn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Supawn</u>.
</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep"e*li*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sepelibilis</i>, fr.  <i>sepelire</i> to bury.] <def>Admitting of
burial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep`e*li"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Burial.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"phen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large sting ray of the genus <i>Trygon</i>, especially <i>T.
sephen</i> of the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. The skin is an article
of commerce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"pi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Sepias</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Sepi&aelig;</b></plw> (#).
[L., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?; the cuttlefish, or squid.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The common European
cuttlefish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A genus comprising the
common cuttlefish and numerous similar species. See <i>Illustr</i>.
under <u>Cuttlefish</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pigment prepared from the ink, or black
secretion, of the sepia, or cuttlefish. Treated with caustic potash,
it has a rich brown color; and this mixed with a red forms <i>Roman
sepia</i>.  Cf. <i>India ink</i>, under <u>India</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sepia</b></col> <col><b>drawing or picture</b></col>, <cd>a
drawing in monochrome, made in sepia alone, or in sepia with other
brown pigments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se"pi*a</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a dark brown color,
with a little red in its composition; also, made of, or done in,
sepia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"pic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
sepia; done in sepia; as, a <i>sepic</i> drawing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`i*da"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the cuttlefishes of the
genus Sepia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sepimentum</i>, <i>saepimentum</i>, from <i>sepire</i>,
<i>saepire</i>, to hedge in.] <def>Something that separates; a hedge;
a fence.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"pi*o*lite`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Septa</i> +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Meerschaum. See
<u>Meerschaum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"pi*o*stare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sepia</i> +
Gr. &?;&?;&?; a bone.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bone or shell of
cuttlefish. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Cuttlefish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*pon"</hw> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Supawn</u>.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. pref <i>se-</i>
aside + E. <i>pose</i>.] <def>To set apart.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*pos"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sepositus</i>, p. p. of <i>seponere</i> to set aside.] <def>To set
aside; to give up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep`o*si"tion</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sepositio</i>.] <def>The act of setting aside, or of giving
up.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"poy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>sip&amacr;h&imacr;</i>, fr. <i>sip&amacr;h</i> an army.  Cf.
<u>Spahi</u>.] <def>A native of India employed as a soldier in the
service of a European power, esp. of Great Britain; an Oriental
soldier disciplined in the European manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep*pu"ku</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Hara-kiri</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Seppuku</i>, or hara-kiri, also came into
vogue.</blockquote> <i>W. E. Griffis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
putrefaction.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A soluble poison
(ptomaine) present in putrid blood. It is also formed in the
putrefaction of proteid matter in general.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; putrefaction.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The poisoning of the
system by the introduction of putrescent material into the
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sept</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>sect</i>, n.] <def>A clan, tribe, or family, proceeding from a
common progenitor; -- used especially of the ancient clans in
Ireland.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The chief, struck by the illustration, asked at once to
be baptized, and all his <i>sept</i> followed his
example.</blockquote> <i>S. Lover.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sep*t&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?; putrid + &?;&?;&?; blood.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Septic&aelig;mia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a septum or septa, as of a coral or a shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>septem</i>
seven.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Heptane</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep"tan`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Septi-</i> +
<i>angle</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A figure which has seven angles; a
heptagon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep*tan"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Heptagonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep*ta"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Septaria</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>septum</i>,
<i>saeptum</i>, an inclosure, a partition, fr. <i>sepire</i>,
<i>saepire</i>, to inclose.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A flattened
concretionary nodule, usually of limestone, intersected within by
cracks which are often filled with calcite, barite, or other
minerals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>septum</i>,
<i>saeptum</i>, partition.] <def>Divided by partition or partitions;
having septa; as, a <i>septate</i> pod or shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>septem</i> seven, as being the seventh month of the Roman year,
which began with March: cf. F. <i>septembre</i>. See <u>Seven</u>.]
<def>The ninth month of the year, containing thurty days.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"ber*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Setembrist.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"brist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>septembriste</i>.] <def>An agent in the massacres in Paris,
committed in patriotic frenzy, on the 22d of September,
1792.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"flu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>septemfluus</i>; <i>septem</i> seven + <i>fluere</i> to flow.]
<def>Flowing sevenfold; divided into seven streams or currents.</def>
[R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"par*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>septem</i> seven + E. <i>partite</i>.] <def>Divided nearly to the
base into seven parts; as, a <i>septempartite</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"tri*oun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Septentrion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sep*tem"vir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Septemvirs</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Septemviri</b></plw> (#).
[L. <i>septemviri</i>, pl.; <i>septem</i> seven + <i>viri</i>, pl. of
<i>vir</i> man.] <i>(Rom. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a board of seven men
associated in some office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tem"vi*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L.
<i>septemviratus</i>.] <def>The office of septemvir; a government by
septimvirs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ten*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>septenairus</i>, from <i>septeni</i> seven each, <i>septem</i>
seven: cf. F. <i>sept&eacute;naire</i>. See <u>Seven</u>. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or relating to, seven; as, a
<i>septenary</i> number.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lasting seven years; continuing seven
years.</def> "<i>Septenary</i> penance."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ten*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The number
seven.</def> [R.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ten*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>septeni</i>
seven each.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having parts in sevens;
heptamerous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>septennat</i>.] <def>A period of seven years; as, the
<i>septennate</i> during which the President of the French Republic
holds office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>septennium</i> a period of seven years; <i>septem</i> seven +
<i>annus</i> year. See <u>Seven</u>, and <u>Annual</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lasting or continuing seven years; as,
<i>septennial</i> parliaments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Happening or returning once in every seven
years; as, <i>septennial</i> elections in England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"ni*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once in
seven years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"tri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Septentrional.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sep*ten"tri*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Septentrion</u>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The constellation Ursa
Major.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"tri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>septentrio</i> the northern regions, the north, fr.
<i>septentriones</i> the seven stars near the north pole, called
Charles's Wain, or the Great Bear, also those called the Little Bear;
properly, the seven plow oxen; <i>septem</i> seven + <i>trio</i>,
orig., a plow ox: cf. F. <i>septentrion</i>.] <def>The north or
northern regions.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Both East West, South and
<i>Septentrioun</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sep*ten"tri*on</hw> (?), <hw>Sep*ten"tri*on*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>septentrionalis</i>: cf. F.
<i>septentrional</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the north;
northern.</def> "From cold <i>septentrion</i> blasts."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten`tri*on*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Northerliness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"tri*on*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Northerly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*ten"tri*on*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
tend or point toward the north; to north.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sep*tet"</hw>, <hw>Sep*tette"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>septem</i> seven, like <i>duet</i>,
from L. <i>duo</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A set of seven persons or
objects; as, a <i>septet</i> of singers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A musical composition for
seven instruments or seven voices; -- called also
<i>septuor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sept"foil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sept</i> seven
(L. <i>septem</i>) + E. <i>foil</i> leaf: cf. L. <i>septifolium</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A European herb, the tormentil.
See <u>Tormentil</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornamental foliation
having seven lobes.  Cf. <u>Cinquefoil</u>, <u>Quarterfoil</u>, and
<u>Trefoil</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.Art.)</i> <def>A typical figure,
consisting of seven equal segments of a circle, used to denote the
gifts of the Holy Chost, the seven sacraments as recognized by the
Roman Catholic Church, etc.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep"ti-</hw> (?), [L. <i>septem</i> seven.] <def>A combining
form meaning <i>seven</i>; as, <i>septi</i>folious, seven-leaved;
<i>septi</i>-lateral, seven-sided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septi-</i> + <i>-
ic</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of the seventh degree or order.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A quantic of the seventh
degree.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sep"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Sep"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>septicus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, fr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; to make putrid: cf. F. <i>septique</i>.] <def>Having
power to promote putrefaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A substance that
promotes putrefaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep`ti*c&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. &?;&?;&?; putrefactive + &?;&?;&?; blood.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A poisoned condition of the blood produced by the absorption into
it of septic or putrescent material; blood poisoning.  It is marked by
chills, fever, prostration, and inflammation of the different serous
membranes and of the lungs, kidneys, and other organs.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sep"tic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a septic
manner; in a manner tending to promote putrefaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ti*ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septum</i> +
L. <i>caedere</i> to cut: cf. F. <i>septicide</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Dividing the partitions; -- said of a method of dehiscence in
which a pod splits through the partitions and is divided into its
component carpels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Septic</u>.] <def>Tendency to putrefaction; septic
quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`ti*fa"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>septifariam</i> sevenfold.  Cf. <u>Bifarious</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Turned in seven different ways.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septum</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>septif&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Bearing a partition; -- said of the valves of a
capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tif"er*ous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
putrefied + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Conveying putrid poison; as, the
virulence of <i>septiferous</i> matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tif"lu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF.
<u>Septemfluous</u>.] <def>Flowing in seven streams;
septemfluous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`ti*fo"li*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septi-</i>
+ L. <i>folium</i> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having seven
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septum</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a septum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tif"ra*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septum</i> +
L. <i>frangere</i>, <i>fractum</i>, to break.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Breaking from the partitions; -- said of a method of dehiscence
in which the valves of a pod break away from the partitions, and these
remain attached to the common axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`ti*lat"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Septi-</i>
+ <i>lateral</i>.] <def>Having seven sides; as, a <i>septilateral</i>
figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*til"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>septilion</i>, formed fr. L. <i>septem</i> seven, in imitation of
<i>million</i>.] <def>According to the French method of numeration
(which is followed also in the United States), the number expressed by
a unit with twenty-four ciphers annexed. According to the English
method, the number expressed by a unit with forty-two ciphers annexed.
See <u>Numeration</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ti*mole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.  <i>septem</i>
seven.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A group of seven notes to be played in the
time of four or six.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*tin"su*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sept</i>i- +
<i>insular</i>.] <def>Consisting of seven islands; as, the
<i>septinsular</i> republic of the Ionian Isles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ti*syl`la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Septi-</i>
+ <i>syllable</i>.] <def>A word of seven syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep*to"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>septem</i>
seven.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Heptoic</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sep`to*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the nasal septum and the
maxilla; situated in the region of these parts.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small bone between the nasal septum and
the maxilla in many reptiles and amphibians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`tu*a*ge*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
person who is seventy years of age; a septuagenary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep`tu*ag"e*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>septuagenarius</i>, fr. <i>septuageny</i> seventy each; akin to
<i>septuaginta</i> seventy, <i>septem</i> seven. See <u>Seven</u>.]
<def>Consisting of seventy; also, seventy years old.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A septuagenarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep`tu*a*ges"i*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>septuagesimus</i> the seventieth, fr. <i>septuaginta</i> seventy.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The third Sunday before Lent; -- so called because
it is about seventy days before Easter.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1313 !></p>

<p><hw>Sep`tu*a*ges"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of seventy days, years, etc.; reckoned by
seventies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our abridged and <i>septuagesimal</i> age.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tu*a*gint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>septuaginta</i> seventy.] <def>A Greek version of the Old
Testament; -- so called because it was believed to be the work of
seventy (or rather of seventy-two) translators.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The causes which produced it [the Septuagint], the number
and names of the translators, the times at which different portions
were translated, are all uncertain. The only point in which all agree
is that Alexandria was the birthplace of the version. On one other
point there is a near agreement, namely, as to time, that the version
was made, or at least commenced, in the time of the early Ptolemies,
in the first half of the third century b.c.  <i>Dr. W. Smith (Bib.
Dict.)</i></p>

<p><col><b>Septuagint chronology</b></col>, <cd>the chronology founded
upon the dates of the Septuagint, which makes 1500 years more from the
creation to Abraham than the Hebrew Bible.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>septem</i>
seven.] <def>Something composed of seven; a week.</def> [R.]
<i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. fr.
<i>septum</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having imperfect or spurious
septa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep"tu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Septula</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>septum</i> septum.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A little septum; a division between small cavities
or parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sep"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Septa</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>septum</i>, <i>saeptum</i>, an
inclosure, hedge, fence, fr. <i>sepire</i>, <i>saepire</i>, to hedge
in, inclose.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wall separating two cavities;
a partition; as, the nasal <i>septum</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A partition that separates
the cells of a fruit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the radial calcareous plates of a coral.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the transverse partitions dividing the shell of a mollusk,
or of a rhizopod, into several chambers. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Nautilus</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the transverse
partitions dividing the body cavity of an annelid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tu*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A septet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tu*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>septuplus</i>; cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;:cf. F. <i>septuple</i>.  Cf.
<u>Double</u>, <u>Quadruple</u>.] <def>Seven times as much; multiplied
by seven; sevenfold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sep"tu*ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Septupled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Septupling</u> (?).] <def>To multiply by seven; to make
sevenfold.</def>  <i>Sir J. Herschel.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sep"ul*cher</hw>, <hw>Sep"ul*chre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sepulcre</i>, OF. sepulcre, F.
<i>s&eacute;pulcre</i>, fr. L. <i>sepulcrum</i>, <i>sepulchrum</i>,
fr. <i>sepelire</i> to bury.] <def>The place in which the dead body of
a human being is interred, or a place set apart for that purpose; a
grave; a tomb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stony entrance of this
<i>sepulcher</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early,
when it was yet dark, unto the <i>sepulcher</i>.</blockquote> <i>John
xx. 1.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A whited sepulcher</b></col>. <cd>Fig.: Any person who is
fair outwardly but unclean or vile within.  See <i>Matt. xxiii.
27.</i></cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sep"ul*cher</hw>, <hw>Sep"ul*chre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sepulchered</u> (?) or
<u>Sepulchred</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sepulchering</u> (?) or <u>Sepulchring</u> (&?;).] <def>To bury; to
inter; to entomb; as, obscurely <i>sepulchered</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And so <i>sepulchered</i> in such pomp dost lie<BR>
That kings for such a tomb would wish to die.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*pul"chral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sepulcralis</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;pulcral</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to burial, to the grave, or
to monuments erected to the memory of the dead; as, a
<i>sepulchral</i> stone; a <i>sepulchral</i> inscription.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unnaturally low and grave; hollow in tone;
-- said of sound, especially of the voice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This exaggerated dulling of the voice . . . giving what
is commonly called a <i>sepulchral</i> tone.</blockquote> <i>H.
Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sep"ul*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>s&eacute;pulture</i>, L. <i>sepultura</i>, fr. <i>sepelire</i>,
<i>sepultum</i>, to bury.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
depositing the dead body of a human being in the grave; burial;
interment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where we may royal <i>sepulture</i>
prepare.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sepulcher; a grave; a place of
burial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drunkeness that is the horrible <i>sepulture</i> of
man's reason.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*qua"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sequax</i>,
<i>-acis</i>, fr. <i>suquit</i> to follow. See <u>Sue</u> to follow. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to follow a leader; following;
attendant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trees uprooted left their place,<BR>
<i>Sequacious</i> of the lyre.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, ductile; malleable; pliant;
manageable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the greater bodies the forge was easy, the matter
being ductile and <i>sequacious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having or observing logical sequence;
logically consistent and rigorous; consecutive in development or
transition of thought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The scheme of pantheistic omniscience so prevalent
among the <i>sequacious</i> thinkers of the day.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Milton was not an extensive or discursive thinker, as
Shakespeare was; for the motions of his mind were slow, solemn, and
<i>sequacious</i>, like those of the planets.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*qua"cious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being sequacious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*quac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sequacitas</i>.] <def>Quality or state of being sequacious;
sequaciousness.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"quel</hw> (s&emacr;"kw&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sequela</i>, fr. <i>sequit</i> to follow: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;quelle</i> a following. See <u>Sue</u> to follow.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which follows; a succeeding part;
continuation; as, the <i>sequel</i> of a man's advantures or
history.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, let me say no more!<BR>
Gather the <i>sequel</i> by that went before.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consequence; event; effect; result; as, let
the sun cease, fail, or swerve, and the <i>sequel</i> would be
ruin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Conclusion; inference.</def> [R.]
<i>Whitgift.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Se*que"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sequel&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a follower, a result, from
<i>sequit</i> to follow.] <def>One who, or that which, follows.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An adherent, or a band or sect
of adherents.</def> "Coleridge and his <i>sequela</i>." <i>G. P.
Marsh.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That which follows as the logical
result of reasoning; inference; conclusion; suggestion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sequel&aelig;</i>, or thoughts suggested by the
preceding aphorisms.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid phenomenon left as
the result of a disease; a disease resulting from another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"quence</hw> (s&emacr;"kw<i>e</i>ns), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>s&eacute;quence</i>, L.  <i>sequentia</i>, fr.  <i>sequens</i>.
See <u>Sequent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being
sequent; succession; order of following; arrangement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How art thou a king<BR>
But by fair <i>sequence</i> and succession?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sequence</i> and series of the seasons of the
year.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which follows or succeeds as an
effect; sequel; consequence; result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inevitable <i>sequences</i> of sin and
punishment.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>Simple succession, or the
coming after in time, without asserting or implying causative energy;
as, the reactions of chemical agents may be conceived as merely
invariable <i>sequences</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
succession of chords (or harmonic phrase) rising or falling by the
regular diatonic degrees in the same scale; a succession of similar
harmonic steps.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A melodic phrase or
passage successively repeated one tone higher; a rosalia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>A hymn introduced in the
Mass on certain festival days, and recited or sung immediately before
the gospel, and after the gradual or introit, whence the name.</def>
<i>Bp. Fitzpatrick.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Originally the <i>sequence</i> was called a Prose,
because its early form was rhythmical prose.</blockquote>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Whist)</i> <def>Three or more cards of the same suit in
immediately consecutive order of value; as, ace, king, and queen; or
knave, ten, nine, and eight.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Poker)</i>
<def>All five cards, of a hand, in consecutive order as to value, but
not necessarily of the same suit; when of one suit, it is called a
<i>sequence flush</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Se"quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sequens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sequi</i> to follow. See <u>Sue</u> to
follow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Following; succeeding; in
continuance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What to this was <i>sequent</i><BR>
Thou knowest already.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Following as an effect;
consequent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"quent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
follower.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which follows as a result; a
sequence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*quen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Succeeding or
following in order.</def> -- <wf>Se*quen"tial*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sequestered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sequestering</u>.] [F. <i>s&eacute;questrer</i>, L.
<i>sequestrare</i> to give up for safe keeping, from <i>sequester</i>
a depositary or trustee in whose hands the thing contested was placed
until the dispute was settled.  Cf. <u>Sequestrate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To separate from the owner for a
time; to take from parties in controversy and put into the possession
of an indifferent person; to seize or take possession of, as property
belonging to another, and hold it till the profits have paid the
demand for which it is taken, or till the owner has performed the
decree of court, or clears himself of contempt; in international law,
to confiscate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Formerly the goods of a defendant in chancery were, in
the last resort, <i>sequestered</i> and detained to enforce the
decrees of the court. And now the profits of a benefice are
<i>sequestered</i> to pay the debts of ecclesiastics.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause (one) to submit to the process of
sequestration; to deprive (one) of one's estate, property,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was his tailor and his cook, his fine fashions and
his French ragouts, which <i>sequestered</i> him.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set apart; to put aside; to remove; to
separate from other things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had wholly <i>sequestered</i> my civil
affairss.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to retire or withdraw into
obscurity; to seclude; to withdraw; -- often used
reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When men most <i>sequester</i> themselves from
action.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A love and desire to <i>sequester</i> a man's self for
a higher conversation.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To withdraw; to retire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>sequester</i> out of the world into Atlantic and
Utopian politics.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To renounce (as a widow may)
any concern with the estate of her husband.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sequestration; separation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person with whom two or more
contending parties deposit the subject matter of the controversy; one
who mediates between two parties; a mediator; an umpire or
referee.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sequestrum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"tered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Retired;
secluded.</def> "<i>Sequestered</i> scenes."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Along the cool, <i>sequestered</i> vale of
life.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"tra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being sequestered; subject or liable to sequestration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a sequestrum.</def>  <i>Quian.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*ques"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sequestrated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sequestrating</u>.] <def>To sequester.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seq`ues*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sequestratio</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;questration</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Civil &amp; Com. Law)</i>
<def>The act of separating, or setting aside, a thing in controversy
from the possession of both the parties that contend for it, to be
delivered to the one adjudged entitled to it. It may be voluntary or
involuntary.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Chancery)</i> <def>A
prerogative process empowering certain commissioners to take and hold
a defendant's property and receive the rents and profits thereof,
until he clears himself of a contempt or performs a decree of the
court.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <def>A kind of
execution for a rent, as in the case of a beneficed clerk, of the
profits of a benefice, till he shall have satisfied some debt
established by decree; the gathering up of the fruits of a benefice
during a vacancy, for the use of the next incumbent; the disposing of
the goods, by the ordinary, of one who is dead, whose estate no man
will meddle with.</def> <i>Craig.</i> <i>Tomlins.</i> <i>Wharton.</i>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Internat. Law)</i> <def>The seizure of the
property of an individual for the use of the state; particularly
applied to the seizure, by a belligerent power, of debts due from its
subjects to the enemy.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being separated or set aside;
separation; retirement; seclusion from society.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since Henry Monmouth first began to reign, . . . <BR>
This loathsome <i>sequestration</i> have I had.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Disunion; disjunction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seq"ues*tra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., one that
hinders or impedes.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who
sequesters property, or takes the possession of it for a time, to
satisfy a demand out of its rents or profits.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One to whom the keeping of sequestered
property is committed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*ques"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sequestra</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Sequester</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A portion of dead bone which becomes separated from
the sound portion, as in necrosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"quin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sequin</i>, It.
<i>zecchino</i>, from <i>zecca</i> the mint, fr. Ar. <i>sekkah</i>,
<i>sikkah</i>, a die, a stamp.  Cf. <u>Zechin</u>.] <def>An old gold
coin of Italy and Turkey. It was first struck at Venice about the end
of the 13th century, and afterward in the other Italian cities, and by
the Levant trade was introduced into Turkey. It is worth about 9s. 3d.
sterling, or about $2.25. The different kinds vary somewhat in
value.</def> [Written also <i>chequin</i>, and <i>zequin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*quoi"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So called by Dr.
Endlicher in honor of <i>Sequoyah</i>, who invented the Cherokee
alphabet.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of coniferous trees, consisting
of two species, <i>Sequoia Washingtoniana</i>, syn. <i>S.
gigantea</i>, the "big tree" of California, and <i>S.
sempervirens</i>, the redwood, both of which attain an immense
height.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*quoi"&euml;ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A hydrocarbon (C<sub>13</sub>H<sub>10</sub>) obtained in white
fluorescent crystals, in the distillation products of the needles of
the California "big tree" (<i>Sequoia gigantea</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ragl"io</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>serraglio</i>, originally, an inclosure of palisades, afterwards
also, a palace, seraglio (by confusion with Per.
<i>ser&amacr;&iuml;</i>a a palace, an entirely different word), fr.
<i>serrare</i> to shut, fr. LL. <i>serra</i> a bar for fastening
doors, L. <i>sera</i>. See <u>Serry</u>, <u>Series</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure; a place of separation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I went to the Ghetto, where the Jews dwell as in a
suburb, by themselves. I passed by the piazza Judea, where their
<i>seraglio</i> begins.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The palace of the Grand Seignior, or
Turkish sultan, at Constantinople, inhabited by the sultan himself,
and all the officers and dependents of his court. In it are also kept
the females of the harem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A harem; a place for keeping wives or
concubines; sometimes, loosely, a place of licentious pleasure; a
house of debauchery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*ra"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>ser&amacr;&iuml;</i>, or <i>sar&amacr;</i>&iuml;, a palace, a
king's court, a seraglio, an inn.  Cf. <u>Caravansary</u>.] <def>A
palace; a seraglio; also, in the East, a place for the accommodation
of travelers; a caravansary, or rest house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`al*bu"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
CHem.)</i> <def>Serum albumin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*rang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>sarhang</i>
a commander.] <def>The boatswain of a Lascar or East Ondian
crew.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*ra"pe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. Amer.
<i>sarape</i>.] <def>A blanket or shawl worn as an outer garment by
the Spanish Americans, as in Mexico.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"aph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Seraphs</b></plw> (#), Heb. <plw><b>Seraphim</b></plw> (#).
[Heb. <i>ser&amacr;phim</i>, pl.] <def>One of an order of celestial
beings, each having three pairs of wings. In ecclesiastical art and in
poetry, a seraph is represented as one of a class of angels.</def>
<i>Isa. vi. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As full, as perfect, in vile man that mourns,<BR>
As the rapt <i>seraph</i> that adores and burns.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Seraph moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of geometrid moths of the genus <i>Lobophora</i>,
having the hind wings deeply bilobed, so that they seem to have six
wings.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se*raph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Se*raph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>s&eacute;raphique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a seraph; becoming, or suitable to, a seraph; angelic;
sublime; pure; refined.</def> "<i>Seraphic</i> arms and trophies."
<i>Milton.</i> "<i>Seraphical</i> fervor." <i>Jer. Taylor.</i> --
<wf>Se*raph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Se*raph"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se*raph"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
character, quality, or state of a seraph; seraphicalness.</def> [R.]
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"a*phim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Hebrew
plural of <u>Seraph</u>.  Cf. <u>Cherubim</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The double plural form <i>seraphims</i> is sometimes used,
as in the King James version of the Bible, <i>Isa. vi. 2 and
6.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1314 !></p>

<p><hw>Ser`a*phi"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
seraphine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"a*phine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Seraph</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A wind instrument whose sounding
parts are reeds, consisting of a thin tongue of brass playing freely
through a slot in a plate. It has a case, like a piano, and is played
by means of a similar keybord, the bellows being worked by the foot.
The <i>melodeon</i> is a portable variety of this
instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*ra"pis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>An Egyptian deity, at first
a symbol of the Nile, and so of fertility; later, one of the
divinities of the lower world. His worship was introduced into Greece
and Rome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ras"kier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk., fr. Per.
<i>ser</i> head, chief + Ar. <i>'asker</i> an army.] <def>A general or
commander of land forces in the Turkish empire; especially, the
commander-in-chief of minister of war.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ras"kier*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or authority of a seraskier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser*bo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
the lake of Serbonis in Egypt, which by reason of the sand blowing
into it had a deceptive appearance of being solid land, but was a
bog.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gulf profound as that <i>Serbonian</i> bog . . . <BR>
Where armies whole have sunk.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sere</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dry; withered. Same as
<u>Sear</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But with its sound it shook the sails<BR>
That were so thin and <i>sere</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>serre</i>.] <def>Claw;
talon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Se*rein"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf.
<u>Serenade</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Meteorol.)</i> <def>A mist,
or very fine rain, which sometimes falls from a clear sky a few
moments after sunset.</def>  <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser`e*nade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>s&eacute;r&eacute;nade</i>, It. <i>serenata</i>, probably fr. L.
<i>serenus</i> serene (cf. <u>Serene</u>), misunderstood as a
derivative fr. L. <i>serus</i> late.  Cf. <u>Soir&eacute;e</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Music sung or performed in the
open air at nights; -- usually applied to musical entertainments given
in the open air at night, especially by gentlemen, in a spirit of
gallantry, under the windows of ladies.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A piece of music suitable to be performed at such
times.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`e*nade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Serenaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Serenading</u>.] <def>To entertain with a serenade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`e*nade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform a
serenade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`e*nad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
serenades.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser`e*na"ta</hw> (?), <hw>Ser"e*nate</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>serenata</i>. See <u>Serenade</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A piece of vocal music, especially one on an
amoreus subject; a serenade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or <i>serenate</i>, which the starved lover sings<BR>
To his pround fair.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The name <i>serenata</i> was given by Italian composers in
the time of Handel, and by Handel himself, to a cantata of a pastoreal
of dramatic character, to a secular ode, etc.; also by Mozart and
others to an orchectral composition, in several movements, midway
between the suite of an earlier period and the modern symphony.
<i>Grove.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*rene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serenus</i> to
grow dry, Gr. &?;&?;&?; hot, scorching.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bright; clear; unabscured; as, a <i>serene</i> sky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moon <i>serene</i> in glory mounts the
sky.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Full many a gem of purest ray <i>serene</i><BR>
The dark unfathomed caves of ocean bear.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Calm; placid; undisturbed; unruffled; as, a
<i>serene</i> aspect; a <i>serene</i> soul.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In several countries of Europe, <i>Serene</i> is given as a
tittle to princes and the members of their families; as, His
<i>Serene</i> Highness.</p>

<p><col><b>Drop serene</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Amaurosis</u>.</cd>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*rene"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Serenity; clearness; calmness.</def> [Poetic.] "The <i>serene</i>
of heaven."  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To their master is denied<BR>
To share their sweet <i>serene</i>.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>serein</i> evening dew or damp. See
<u>Serein</u>.] <def>Evening air; night chill.</def> [Obs.] "Some
<i>serene</i> blast me."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*rene"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>serenare</i>.]
<def>To make serene.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaven and earth, as if contending, vie<BR>
To raise his being, and <i>serene</i> his soul.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*rene"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a serene manner; clearly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now setting Ph&oelig;bus shone <i>serenely</i>
bright.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With unruffled temper; coolly;
calmly.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*rene"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Serenity.</def>
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*ren"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Serenity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Se*ren"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>serenuas</i>:
cf. F. <i>s&eacute;r&eacute;nit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being serene; clearness and calmness;
quietness; stillness; peace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A general peace and <i>serenity</i> newly succeeded a
general trouble.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Calmness of mind; eveness of temper;
undisturbed state; coolness; composure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not see how any men should ever transgress those
moral rules with confidence and <i>serenity</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Serenity</i> is given as a title to the members of
certain princely families in Europe; as, Your <i>Serenity</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Serf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>serus</i>
servant, slave; akin to <i>servare</i> to protect, preserve, observe,
and perhaps originally, a client, a man under one's protection.  Cf.
<u>Serve</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A servant or slave
employed in husbandry, and in some countries attached to the soil and
transferred with it, as formerly in Russia.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In England, at least from the reign of Henry II, one
only, and that the inferior species [of villeins], existed . . . But
by the customs of France and Germany, persons in this abject state
seem to have been called <i>serfs</i>, and distinguished from
<i>villeins</i>, who were only bound to fixed payments and duties in
respect of their lord, though, as it seems, without any legal redress
if injured by him.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Serf</u>, <u>Slave</u>.  A <i>slave</i> is the
absolute property of his master, and may be sold in any way. A
<i>serf</i>, according to the strict sense of the term, is one bound
to work on a certain estate, and thus attached to the soil, and sold
with it into the service of whoever purchases the land.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Serf"age</hw> (?), <hw>Serf"dom</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or condition of a serf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serf"hood</hw> (?), <hw>Serf"ism</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Serfage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>serge</i>,
<i>sarge</i>, <i>originally</i>, <i>a silken stuff</i>, fr. L.
<i>serica</i>, f. or neut. pl. of <i>sericus</i> silken. See
<u>Sericeous</u>, <u>Silk</u>.] <def>A woolen twilled stuff, much used
as material for clothing for both sexes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Silk serge</b></col>, <cd>a twilled silk fabric used mostly
by tailors for lining parts of gentlemen's coats.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Serge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>cierge</i>.] <def>A
large wax candle used in the ceremonies of various churches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"gean*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sergeancies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. <u>Sergeanty</u>.] <def>The
office of a sergeant; sergeantship.</def> [Written also
<i>serjeancy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ser"geant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sergent</i>,
fr. L. <i>serviens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>servire</i> to
serve. See <u>Serve</u>, and cf. <u>Servant</u>.] [Written also
<i>serjeant</i>. Both spellings are authorized. In England
<i>serjeant</i> is usually preferred, except for military officers. In
the United States <i>sergeant</i> is common for civil officers also.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, in England, an officer nearly
answering to the more modern bailiff of the hundred; also, an officer
whose duty was to attend on the king, and on the lord high steward in
court, to arrest traitors and other offenders. He is now called
<i>sergeant-at-arms</i>, and two of these officers, by allowance of
the sovereign, attend on the houses of Parliament (one for each house)
to execute their commands, and another attends the Court
Chancery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sergeant</i> of the town of Rome them
sought.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The magistrates sent the <i>serjeant</i>, saying, Let
those men go.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvi. 35.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This fell <i>sergeant</i>, Death,<BR>
Is strict in his arrest.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>In a company, battery, or
troop, a noncommissioned officer next in rank above a corporal, whose
duty is to instruct recruits in discipline, to form the ranks,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States service, besides the <i>sergeants</i>
belonging to the companies there are, in each regiment, a <i>sergeant
major</i>, who is the chief noncommissioned officer, and has important
duties as the assistant to the adjutant; a <i>quartermaster
sergeant</i>, who assists the quartermaster; a <i>color sergeant</i>,
who carries the colors; and a <i>commissary sergeant</i>, who assists
in the care and distribution of the stores. <i>Ordnance sergeants</i>
have charge of the ammunition at military posts.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A lawyer of the highest rank,
answering to the <i>doctor</i> of the civil law; -- called also
<i>serjeant at law</i>.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A title sometimes given to the servants of
the sovereign; as, <i>sergeant</i> surgeon, that is, a servant, or
attendant, surgeon.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cobia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Drill sergeant</b></col>. <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Drill</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sergeant-at-arms</b></col>, <cd>an
officer of a legislative body, or of a deliberative or judicial
assembly, who executes commands in preserving order and arresting
offenders. See <u>Sergeant</u>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Sergeant
major</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>See the Note
under def. 2, above.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>The cow pilot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ser"geant*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sergeancy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"geant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. OF.
<i>sergenteric</i>.] <def>See <u>Sergeanty</u>.</def> [R.] [Written
also <i>serjeantry</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ser"geant*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
sergeant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"geant*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>sergentie</i>, LL. <i>sergentia</i>. See <u>Sergeant</u>.] <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <def>Tenure of lands of the crown by an honorary kind of
service not due to any lord, but to the king only.</def> [Written also
<i>serjeanty</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Grand sergeanty</b></col>, <cd>a particular kind of tenure
by which the tenant was bound to do some special honorary service to
the king in person, as to carry his banner, his sword, or the
like.</cd> <i>Tomlins.</i> <i>Cowell.</i> <i>Blackstone.</i> --
<col><b>Petit sergeanty</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Petit</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a series; consisting of a series; appearing
in successive parts or numbers; as, a <i>serial</i> work or
publication.</def> "Classification . . . may be more or less
<i>serial</i>."  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
rows.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Serial homology</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Homology</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Serial symmetry</b></col>.
<i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Symmetry</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Se"ri*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A publication
appearing in a series or succession of part; a tale, or other writing,
published in successive numbers of a periodical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se`ri*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of succession in a series; sequence.</def>  <i>H.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a series, or
regular order; in a serial manner; as, arranged <i>serially</i>;
published <i>serially</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Arranged in a
series or succession; pertaining to a series.</def> --
<wf>Se"ri*ate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se`ri*a"tim</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>In
regular order; one after the other; severally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se`ri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Arrangement or position in a series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ri"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sericus</i>
silken, <i>sericum</i> Seric stuff, silk, fr. <i>Sericus</i> belonging
to the <i>Seres</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, a people of Eastern Asia, the
modern Chinese, celebrated for their silken fabrics.  Cf. <u>Silk</u>,
<u>Serge</u> a woolen stuff.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining
to silk; consisting of silk; silky.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Covered with very soft hairs
pressed close to the surface; as, a <i>sericeous</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a silklike
luster, usually due to fine, close hairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"i*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sericus</i>
silken.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A gelatinous nitrogenous material
extracted from crude silk and other similar fiber by boiling water; --
called also <i>silk gelatin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"i*cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sericus</i>
silken.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of muscovite occuring in silky
scales having a fibrous structure. It is characteristic of sericite
schist.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ser`ic*te"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sericeous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A silk gland, as in the
silkworms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"i*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sericeous</u>, and <u>Culture</u>.] <def>The raising of
silkworms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;rie</i>.] <def>Series.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ser`i*e"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large South American bird (<i>Dicholophus,
or Cariama cristata</i>) related to the cranes. It is often
domesticated. Called also <i>cariama</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ries</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>series</i>, fr.
<i>serere</i>, <i>sertum</i>, to join or bind together; cf. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; to fasten, Skr. <i>sarit</i> thread.  Cf. <u>Assert</u>,
<u>Desert</u> a solitude, <u>Exert</u>, <u>Insert</u>,
<u>Seraglio</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A number of things or events
standing or succeeding in order, and connected by a like relation;
sequence; order; course; a succession of things; as, a continuous
<i>series</i> of calamitous events.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>During some years his life a <i>series</i> of
triumphs.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Any comprehensive group of
animals or plants including several subordinate related
groups.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Sometimes a series includes several classes; sometimes only
orders or families; in other cases only species.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>An indefinite number of
terms succeeding one another, each of which is derived from one or
more of the preceding by a fixed law, called the <i>law</i> of the
series; as, an arithmetical <i>series</i>; a geometrical
<i>series</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>serin</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European finch (<i>Serinus hortulanus</i>)
closely related to the canary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sericus</i>
silken.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline nitrogenous substance
obtained by the action of dilute sulphuric acid on silk
gelatin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se`ri*o-com"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Se`ri*o-com"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a mixture of seriousness and sport;
serious and comical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serius</i>: cf.
F. <i>s&eacute;rieux</i>, LL. <i>seriosus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Grave in manner or disposition; earnest; thoughtful; solemn; not
light, gay, or volatile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is always <i>serious</i>, yet there is about his
manner a graceful ease.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Really intending what is said; being in
earnest; not jesting or deceiving.</def>  <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Important; weighty; not trifling;
grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The holy Scriptures bring to our ears the most
<i>serious</i> things in the world.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, giving rise to apprehension;
attended with danger; as, a <i>serious</i> injury.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Grave; solemn; earnest; sedate; important; weighty.
See <u>Grave</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Se"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Se"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ser"iph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Type Founding)</i>
<def>See <u>Ceriph</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser"jeant</hw> (?), <hw>Ser"jeant*cy</hw>, etc. } <def>See
<u>Sergeant</u>, <u>Sergeantcy</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Serjeant-at-arms</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Sergeant-at-
arms</i>, under <u>Sergeant</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ser*moc`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sermocinatio</i>. See <u>Sermon</u>.] <def>The making of speeches
or sermons; sermonizing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser*moc"i*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
who makes sermons or speeches.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sermoun</i>,
<i>sermun</i>, F. <i>sermon</i>, fr. L. <i>sermo</i>, <i>-onis</i>, a
speaking, discourse, probably fr. <i>serer</i>, <i>sertum</i>, to
join, connect; hence, a connected speech. See <u>Series</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A discourse or address; a talk; a writing; as,
the <i>sermons</i> of Chaucer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a discourse delivered in
public, usually by a clergyman, for the purpose of religious
instruction and grounded on some text or passage of
Scripture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This our life exempt from public haunts<BR>
Finds tongues in trees, books in the running brooks,<BR>
<i>Sermons</i> in stones and good in everything.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His preaching much, but more his practice, wrought,<BR>
A living <i>sermon</i> of the truths he taught.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a serious address; a lecture on
one's conduct or duty; an exhortation or reproof; a homily; -- often
in a depreciatory sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>sermoner</i>,
F. <i>sermonner</i> to lecture one.] <def>To speak; to discourse; to
compose or deliver a sermon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What needeth it to <i>sermon</i> of it
more?</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To discourse to or of, as in a sermon.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tutor; to lecture.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser`mon*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sermonizer.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A preacher; a
sermonizer.</def> [Derogative or Jocose.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser`mon*et"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short
sermon.</def> [Written also <i>sermonette</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser*mon"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ser*mon"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or appropriate to, a sermon; grave and
didactic.</def> [R.] "Conversation . . . satirical or
<i>sermonic</i>." <i>Prof. Wilson.</i> "<i>Sermonical</i> style."
<i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
discoursing; discourse; instruction; preaching.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
sermon.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sermonizer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sermonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sermonizing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
compose or write a sermon or sermons; to preach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inculcate rigid rules.</def> [R.]
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To preach or
discourse to; to affect or influence by means of a sermon or of
sermons.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which of us shall sing or <i>sermonize</i> the other
fast asleep?</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"mon*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sermonizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"o*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ser</i>um + L.
<i>ole</i>um oil.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
peculiar fatty substance found in the blood, probably a mixture of
fats, cholesterin, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A body found in
fecal matter and thought to be formed in the intestines from the
cholesterin of the bile; -- called also <i>stercorin</i>, and
<i>stercolin</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1315 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se*ron"</hw> (?), <hw>Se*roon"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>seron</i> a kind of hamper or pannier,
aug. of <i>sera</i> a large pannier or basket.] <def>Same as
<u>Ceroon</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word as expressing a quantity or weight has no definite
signification.  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se"rose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*ros"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>serosit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Serous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being serous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A thin watery animal
fluid, as synovial fluid and pericardial fluid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"o*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>s&eacute;rotine</i>, fr. L. <i>serotinus</i> that comes or happens
late.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European long-eared bat
(<i>Vesperugo serotinus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*rot"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>serotinus</i>, fr. <i>serus</i> late.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Appearing or blossoming later in the season than is customary
with allied species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;reux</i>. See <u>Serum</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Thin; watery; like serum; as the
<i>serous</i> fluids.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining
to serum; as, the <i>serous</i> glands, membranes, layers. See
<u>Serum</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Serous membrane</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Membrane</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser"ow</hw> (?), <hw>Sur"row</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The thar.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ser"pens</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Serpent</u>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation represented as
a serpent held by Serpentarius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>serpens</i>, <i>-entis</i> (sc. <i>bestia</i>), fr. <i>serpens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>serpere</i> to creep; akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr.
<i>sarp</i>, and perhaps to L. <i>repere</i>, E. <i>reptile</i>.  Cf.
<u>Herpes</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
reptile of the order Ophidia; a snake, especially a large snake. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Ophidia</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The serpents are mostly long and slender, and move partly by
bending the body into undulations or folds and pressing them against
objects, and partly by using the free edges of their ventral scales to
cling to rough surfaces. Many species glide swiftly over the ground,
some burrow in the earth, others live in trees. A few are entirely
aquatic, and swim rapidly. See <u>Ophidia</u>, and <u>Fang</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A subtle, treacherous, malicious
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A species of firework having a serpentine
motion as it passess through the air or along the ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The constellation
Serpens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A bass wind instrument, of a
loud and coarse tone, formerly much used in military bands, and
sometimes introduced into the orchestra; -- so called from its
form.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pharaoh's serpent</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>mercuric
sulphocyanate, a combustible white substance which in burning gives
off a poisonous vapor and leaves a peculiar brown voluminous residue
which is expelled in a serpentine from. It is employed as a scientific
toy.</cd> -- <col><b>Serpent cucumber</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
long, slender, serpentine fruit of the cucurbitaceous plant
<i>Trichosanthes colubrina</i>; also, the plant itself.</cd> --
<col><b>Serpent eage</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of raptorial birds of the genera <i>Circa&euml;tus</i>
and <i>Spilornis</i>, which prey on serpents. They inhabit Africa,
Southern Europe, and India. The European serpent eagle is
<i>Circa&euml;tus Gallicus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Serpent
eater</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
secretary bird</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An Asiatic antelope; the
markhoor.</cd> -- <col><b>Serpent fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a fish (<i>Cepola rubescens</i>) with a long, thin, compressed
body, and a band of red running lengthwise.</cd> -- <col><b>Serpent
star</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an ophiuran; a brittle
star.</cd> -- <col><b>Serpent's tongue</b></col> <i>(Paleon.)</i>,
<cd>the fossil tooth of a shark; -- so called from its resemblance to
a tongue with its root.</cd> -- <col><b>Serpent withe</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian climbing plant (<i>Aristolochia
odoratissima</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Tree serpent</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of African serpents belonging to
the family <i>Dendrophid&aelig;</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pent</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Serpented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Serpenting</u>.] <def>To wind like a serpent; to crook about; to
meander.</def> [R.] "The <i>serpenting</i> of the Thames."
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wind; to
encircle.</def> [R.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ser`pen*ta"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. (sc.
<i>herba</i>), fr. <i>serpens</i> serpent.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
fibrous aromatic root of the Virginia snakeroot (<i>Aristolochia
Serpentaria</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ser`pen*ta"ri*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL., fr. L.
<i>serpens</i> serpent.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation on the
equator, lying between Scorpio and Hercules; -- called also
<i>Ophiuchus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser*pen"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>serpens</i> a serpent + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a
serpent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`pen*tig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>serpens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, a serpent + <i>-genous</i>: cf. L.
<i>serpentigena</i>.] <def>Bred of a serpent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pen*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>serpentinus</i>: cf. F. <i>serpentin</i>.] <def>Resembling a
serpent; having the shape or qualities of a serpent; subtle; winding
or turning one way and the other, like a moving serpent; anfractuous;
meandering; sinuous; zigzag; as, <i>serpentine</i> braid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy shape<BR>
Like his, and color <i>serpentine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pen*tine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. (for sense 1) F.
<i>serpentine</i>, (for sense 2) <i>serpentin</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral or rock consisting chiefly of the hydrous
silicate of magnesia. It is usually of an obscure green color, often
with a spotted or mottled appearance resembling a serpent's skin.
<i>Precious</i>, or <i>noble</i>, <i>serpentine</i> is translucent and
of a rich oil-green color.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Serpentine has been largely produced by the alteration of
other minerals, especially of chrysolite.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ordnance)</i> <def>A kind of ancient
cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pen*tine</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
serpentize.</def> [R.]  <i>Lyttleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pen*tine*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
serpentine manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`pen*tin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>See 2d <u>Ophite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pen*tin*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>To convert (a magnesian silicate) into serpentine.</def> --
<wf>Ser`pen*tin`i*za"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pen*ti`nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating
to, or like, serpentine; as, a rock <i>serpentinous</i> in
character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pent*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn or
bend like a serpent, first in one direction and then in the opposite;
to meander; to wind; to serpentine.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The river runs before the door, and <i>serpentizes</i>
more than you can conceive.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pent*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A winding like a serpent's.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place inhabited or infested by
serpents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pent-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a forked tongue, like a
serpent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sirpus</i>,
<i>scirpus</i>, a rush, bulrush.] <def>A basket.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ser*pette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A pruning
knife with a curved blade.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser*pig"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>serpigineux</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Creeping; -- said of lesions
which heal over one portion while continuing to advance at
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ser*pi"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L.
<i>serpere</i> to creep.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A dry, scaly eruption on
the skin; especially, a ringworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"po*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Wild thyme.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ser"pu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Serpul&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Serpulas</b></plw>
(#). [L., a little snake. See <u>Serpent</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of tubicolous annelids of the genus
<i>Serpula</i> and allied genera of the family <i>Serpulid&aelig;</i>.
They secrete a calcareous tube, which is usually irregularly
contorted, but is sometimes spirally coiled. The worm has a wreath of
plumelike and often bright-colored gills around its head, and usually
an operculum to close the aperture of its tube when it
retracts.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser*pu"li*an</hw> (?), <hw>Ser*pu"li*dan</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A serpula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"pu*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fossil
serpula shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serr</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>serrer</i>. See
<u>Serry</u>.] <def>To crowd, press, or drive together.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser*ra"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Serranus</i>, a typical genus (fr. L. <i>serra</i> a saw) + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any fish of the family
<i>Serranid&aelig;</i>, which includes the striped bass, the black sea
bass, and many other food fishes.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Serranid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser"rate</hw> (?), <hw>Ser"ra*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serratus</i>, fr. <i>serra</i> a saw;
perhaps akin to <i>secare</i> to cut, E. <i>saw</i> a cutting
instrument.  Cf. <u>Sierra</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Notched on
the edge, like a saw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Beset with teeth pointing
forwards or upwards; as, <i>serrate</i> leaves.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Doubly serrate</b></col>, <cd>having small serratures upon
the large ones, as the leaves of the elm.</cd> -- <col><b>Serrate-
ciliate</b></col>, <cd>having fine hairs, like the eyelashes, on the
serratures; -- said of a leaf.</cd> -- <col><b>Serrate-
dentate</b></col>, <cd>having the serratures toothed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ser*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Condition of being serrate; formation in the shape of a
saw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the teeth in a serrate or serrulate
margin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser*ra`ti*ros"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Serrate</i> + <i>rostral</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a
toothed bill, like that of a toucan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser*ra"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ivory gull (<i>Larus
eburneus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ra*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>serratura</i>
a sawing, fr. <i>serrare</i> to saw.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
notching, like that between the teeth of a saw, in the edge of
anything.</def>  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the teeth in a serrated edge; a
serration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ri*ca`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sericeous</u>.] <def>Covered with fine silky down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ri*corn</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serra</i> saw
+ <i>cornu</i> horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having serrated
antenn&?;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ri*corn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of a numerous tribe of beetles (<i>Serricornia</i>). The
joints of the antenn&aelig; are prominent, thus producing a serrate
appearance. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Antenna</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Serry</u>.]
<def>Crowded; compact; dense; pressed together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor seemed it to relax their <i>serried</i>
files.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ser*rif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>serra</i> saw + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of Hymenoptera comprising the sawflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ser`ri*ros"tres</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. fr.
L. <i>serra</i> saw + <i>rostrum</i> beak.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Lamellirostres</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serra</i> a
saw.] <def>Like the teeth off a saw; jagged.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ru*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a little saw.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The red-breasted merganser.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ser"rulate</hw> (?), <hw>Ser"ru*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serrula</i> a little saw, dim. of
<i>serra</i> a saw.] <def>Finely serrate; having very minute
teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`ru*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being notched minutely, like a
fine saw.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the teeth in a serrulate
margin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Serried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Serrying</u>.] [F. <i>serrer</i>, LL. <i>serrare</i>,
<i>serare</i>, from L. <i>sera</i> a bar, bolt; akin to <i>serere</i>
to join or bind together. See <u>Serries</u>.] <def>To crowd; to press
together.</def> [Now perhaps only in the form <i>serried</i>, p. p. or
a.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ser`tu*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. fr.
L. <i>serta</i> a garland.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
delicate branching hydroids having small sessile hydrothec&aelig;
along the sides of the branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`tu*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of Sertularia, or of
<i>Sertularid&aelig;</i>, a family of hydroids having branched
chitinous stems and simple sessile hydrothec&aelig;. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"rum</hw> (s&emacr;"r&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr. <i>s&amacr;ra</i> curd.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The watery portion of certain animal fluids,
as blood, milk, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A thin watery
fluid, containing more or less albumin, secreted by the serous
membranes of the body, such as the pericardium and
peritoneum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blood serum</b></col>, <cd>the pale yellowish fluid which
exudes from the clot formed in the coagulation of the blood; the
liquid portion of the blood, after removal of the blood corpuscles and
the fibrin.</cd> -- <col><b>Muscle serum</b></col>, <cd>the thin
watery fluid which separates from the muscles after coagulation of the
muscle plasma; the watery portion of the plasma. See <i>Muscle
plasma</i>, under <u>Plasma</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Serum
albumin</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, <cd>an albuminous body,
closely related to egg albumin, present in nearly all serous fluids;
esp., the albumin of blood serum.</cd> -- <col><b>Serum
globulin</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, <cd>paraglobulin.</cd> --
<col><b>Serum of milk</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, <cd>the whey,
or fluid portion of milk, remaining after removal of the casein and
fat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Serv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Serve</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being served.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [L. <i>servabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being
preserved.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Serv"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>servage</i>.] <def>Serfage; slavery; servitude.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>serval</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African wild cat (<i>Felis serval</i>) of
moderate size. It has rather long legs and a tail of moderate length.
Its color is tawny, with black spots on the body and rings of black on
the tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser"val*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Related to, or resembling, the serval.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>servant</i>,
<i>servaunt</i>, F. <i>servant</i>, a &amp; p. pr. of <i>servir</i> to
serve, L. <i>servire</i>. See <u>Serve</u>, and cf. <u>Sergeant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who serves, or does services, voluntarily
or on compulsion; a person who is employed by another for menial
offices, or for other labor, and is subject to his command; a person
who labors or exerts himself for the benefit of another, his master or
employer; a subordinate helper.</def> "A yearly hired <i>servant</i>."
<i>Lev. xxv. 53.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men in office have begun to think themselves mere
agents and <i>servants</i> of the appointing power, and not agents of
the government or the country.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In a legal sense, stewards, factors, bailiffs, and other
agents, are <i>servants</i> for the time they are employed in such
character, as they act in subordination to others. So any person may
be legally the servant of another, in whose business, and under whose
order, direction, and control, he is acting for the time being.
<i>Chitty.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One in a state of subjection or
bondage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou wast a <i>servant</i> in the land of
Egypt.</blockquote> <i>Deut. v. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A professed lover or suitor; a
gallant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In my time a <i>servant</i> was I one.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Servant of servants</b></col>, <cd>one debased to the
lowest condition of servitude.</cd> -- <col><b>Your humble
servant</b></col>, or <col><b>Your obedient servant</b></col>,
<cd>phrases of civility often used in closing a letter.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Our betters tell us they are <i>our humble
servants</i>, but understand us to be their slaves.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To subject.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ant*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
maidservant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A body of
servants; servants, collectively.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Serve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Served</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Serving</u>.] [OE. <i>serven</i>, <i>servien</i>, OF. &amp; F.
<i>servir</i>, fr. L. <i>servire</i>; akin to <i>servus</i> a servant
or slave, <i>servare</i> to protect, preserve, observe; cf. Zend
<i>har</i> to protect, <i>haurva</i> protecting.  Cf. <u>Conserve</u>,
<u>Desert</u> merit, <u>Dessert</u>, <u>Observe</u>, <u>Serf</u>,
<u>Sergeant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To work for; to labor in
behalf of; to exert one's self continuously or statedly for the
benefit of; to do service for; to be in the employment of, as an
inferior, domestic, serf, slave, hired assistant, official helper,
etc.; specifically, in a religious sense, to obey and
worship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God is my witness, whom I <i>serve</i> with my
spirit.</blockquote> <i>Rom. i. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jacob loved Rachel; and said, I will <i>serve</i> thee
seven years for Rachel thy younger daughter.</blockquote> <i>Gen.
xxix. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No man can <i>serve</i> two masters.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. vi. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Had I but <i>served</i> my God with half the zeal<BR>
I <i>served</i> my king, he would not in mine age<BR>
Have left me naked to mine enemies.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be subordinate to; to act a secondary
part under; to appear as the inferior of; to minister to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bodies bright and greater should not <i>serve</i><BR>
The less not bright.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be suitor to; to profess love to.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>serve</i> a lady in his beste wise.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To wait upon; to supply the wants of; to
attend; specifically, to wait upon at table; to attend at meals; to
supply with food; as, to <i>serve</i> customers in a shop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others, pampered in their shameless pride,<BR>
Are <i>served</i> in plate and in their chariots ride.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to bring forward, arrange, deal, or
distribute, as a portion of anything, especially of food prepared for
eating; -- often with <i>up</i>; formerly with <i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid them cover the table, <i>serve</i> in the meat, and
we will come in to dinner.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some part he roasts, then <i>serves</i> it up so
dressed.</blockquote> <i>Dryde.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1316 !></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To perform the duties belonging to, or
required in or for; hence, to be of use to; as, a curate may
<i>serve</i> two churches; to <i>serve</i> one's country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To contribute or conduce to; to promote; to
be sufficient for; to satisfy; as, to <i>serve</i> one's
turn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Turn it into some advantage, by observing where it can
<i>serve</i> another end.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To answer or be (in the place of something)
to; as, a sofa <i>serves</i> one for a seat and a couch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To treat; to behave one's self to; to
requite; to act toward; as, he <i>served</i> me very ill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To work; to operate; as, to <i>serve</i>
the guns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To bring
to notice, deliver, or execute, either actually or constructively, in
such manner as the law requires; as, to <i>serve</i> a summons.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To make legal service opon (a person named in
a writ, summons, etc.); as, to <i>serve</i> a witness with a
subp&oelig;na.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To pass or spend, as time, esp. time of
punishment; as, to <i>serve</i> a term in prison.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To copulate with; to cover; as, a horse
<i>serves</i> a mare; -- said of the male.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Tennis)</i> <def>To lead off in delivering
(the ball).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To wind spun yarn, or the
like, tightly around (a rope or cable, etc.) so as to protect it from
chafing or from the weather. See under <u>Serving</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To serve an attachment</b></col> or <col><b>a writ of
attachment</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to levy it on the person or
goods by seizure, or to seize.</cd> -- <col><b>To serve an
execution</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to levy it on a lands, goods, or
person, by seizure or taking possession.</cd> -- <col><b>To serve an
office</b></col>, <cd>to discharge a public duty.</cd> -- <col><b>To
serve a process</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>in general, to read it, so
as to give due notice to the party concerned, or to leave an attested
copy with him or his attorney, or his usual place of abode.</cd> --
<col><b>To serve a warrant</b></col>, <cd>to read it, and seize the
person against whom it is issued.</cd> -- <col><b>To serve a
writ</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to read it to the defendant, or to
leave an attested copy at his usual place of abode.</cd> -- <col><b>To
serve one out</b></col>, <cd>to retaliate upon; to requite.</cd> "I'll
<i>serve you out</i> for this." <i>C. Kingsley.</i> -- <col><b>To
serve one right</b></col>, <cd>to treat, or cause to befall one,
according to his deserts; -- used commonly of ill deserts; as, it
<i>serves</i> the scoundrel <i>right</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To serve
one's self of</b></col>, <cd>to avail one's self of; to make use
of.</cd> [A Gallicism]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>serve myself of</i> this
concession.</blockquote> <i>Chillingworth.</i></p>

<p> -- <col><b>To serve out</b></col>, <cd>to distribute; as, <i>to
serve out</i> rations.</cd> -- <col><b>To serve the time</b></col> or
<col><b>the hour</b></col>, <cd>to regulate one's actions by the
requirements of the time instead of by one's duty; to be a
timeserver.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They think herein we <i>serve the time</i>, because
thereby we either hold or seek preferment.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To obey; minister to; subserve; promote; aid; help;
assist; benefit; succor.</p>

<p><hw>Serve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be a servant or a slave; to be employed in labor or other
business for another; to be in subjection or bondage; to render menial
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord shall give thee rest . . . from the hard
bondage wherein thou wast made to <i>serve</i>.</blockquote> <i>Isa.
xiv. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perform domestic offices; to be occupied
with household affairs; to prepare and dish up food, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But Martha . . . said, Lord, dost thou not care that my
sister hath left me to <i>serve</i> alone?</blockquote> <i>Luke x.
40.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be in service; to do duty; to discharge
the requirements of an office or employment. Specifically, to act in
the public service, as a soldier, seaman. etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many . . . who had before been great commanders, but
now <i>served</i> as private gentlemen without pay.</blockquote>
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be of use; to answer a purpose; to
suffice; to suit; to be convenient or favorable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This little brand will <i>serve</i> to light your
fire.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As occasion <i>serves</i>, this noble queen<BR>
And prince shall follow with a fresh supply.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Tennis)</i> <def>To lead off in delivering
the ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who serves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tray for dishes; a salver.</def>
<i>Randolph.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ser"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Servia, a kingdom of Southern Europe.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Servia.</def>
</p>

<p>{ <hw>Serv"ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <hw>Serv"ice</hw>
(?) }. [Properly, the tree which bears <i>serve</i>, OE.
<i>serves</i>, pl., service berries, AS. <i>syrfe</i> service tree;
akin to L. <i>sorbus</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several
trees and shrubs of the genus <i>Pyrus</i>, as <i>Pyrus domestica</i>
and <i>P. torminalis</i> of Europe, the various species of mountain
ash or rowan tree, and the American shad bush (see <i>Shad bush</i>,
under <u>Shad</u>). They have clusters of small, edible, applelike
berries.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Service berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the fruit of any
kind of service tree. In British America the name is especially
applied to that of the several species or varieties of the shad bush
(<i>Amelanchier</i>.)</cd></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ice</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>servise</i>, OF.
<i>servise</i>, <i>service</i>, F. <i>service</i>, from L.
<i>servitium</i>. See <u>Serve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of serving; the occupation of a servant; the performance of labor for
the benefit of another, or at another's command; attendance of an
inferior, hired helper, slave, etc., on a superior, employer, master,
or the like; also, spiritual obedience and love.</def> "O God . . .
whose <i>service</i> is perfect freedom."  <i>Bk. of Com.
Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Madam, I entreat true peace of you,<BR>
 Which I will purchase with my duteous <i>service</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God requires no man's <i>service</i> upon hard and
unreasonable terms.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The deed of one who serves; labor performed
for another; duty done or required; office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have served him from the hour of my nativity, . . .
and have nothing at his hands for my <i>service</i> but
blows.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This poem was the last piece of <i>service</i> I did
for my master, King Charles.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To go on the forlorn hope is a <i>service</i> of peril;
who will understake it if it be not also a <i>service</i> of
honor?</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Office of devotion; official religious duty
performed; religious rites appropriate to any event or ceremonial; as,
a burial <i>service</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The outward <i>service</i> of ancient religion, the
rites, ceremonies, and ceremonial vestments of the old
law.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a musical composition for use in
churches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Duty performed in, or appropriate to, any
office or charge; official function; hence, specifically, military or
naval duty; performance of the duties of a soldier.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he cometh to experience of <i>service</i> abroad .
. . ne maketh a worthy soldier.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Useful office; advantage conferred; that
which promotes interest or happiness; benefit; avail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stork's plea, when taken in a net, was the
<i>service</i> she did in picking up venomous creatures.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Profession of respect; acknowledgment of
duty owed.</def> "Pray, do my <i>service</i> to his majesty."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The act and manner of bringing food to the
persons who eat it; order of dishes at table; also, a set or number of
vessels ordinarily used at table; as, the <i>service</i> was tardy and
awkward; a <i>service</i> of plate or glass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was no extraordinary <i>service</i> seen on the
board.</blockquote> <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of bringing to notice,
either actually or constructively, in such manner as is prescribed by
law; as, the <i>service</i> of a subp&oelig;na or an
attachment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The materials used for
serving a rope, etc., as spun yarn, small lines, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Tennis)</i> <def>The act of serving the
ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Act of serving or covering. See
<u>Serve</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 13.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Service book</b></col>, <cd>a prayer book or missal.</cd> -
- <col><b>Service line</b></col> <i>(Tennis)</i>, <cd>a line parallel
to the net, and at a distance of 21 feet from it.</cd> --
<col><b>Service of a writ</b></col>, <col><b>process</b></col>, etc.
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>personal delivery or communication of the writ or
process, etc., to the party to be affected by it, so as to subject him
to its operation; the reading of it to the person to whom notice is
intended to be given, or the leaving of an attested copy with the
person or his attorney, or at his usual place of abode.</cd> --
<col><b>Service of an attachment</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
seizing of the person or goods according to the direction.</cd> --
<col><b>Service of an execution</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
levying of it upon the goods, estate, or person of the defendant.</cd>
-- <col><b>Service pipe</b></col>, <cd>a pipe connecting mains with a
dwelling, as in gas pipes, and the like.</cd> <i>Tomlinson.</i> --
<col><b>To accept service</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Accept</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To see service</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>to do duty in the presence of the enemy, or in actual
war.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ice*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Doing service; promoting happiness, interest,
advantage, or any good; useful to any end; adapted to any good end
use; beneficial; advantageous.</def> "<i>Serviceable</i> to religion
and learning". <i>Atterbury.</i> "<i>Serviceable</i> tools."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know thee well, a <i>serviceable</i>
villain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Prepared for rendering service; capable of,
or fit for, the performance of duty; hence, active;
diligent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Courteous he was, lowly, and
<i>servysable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bright-hearnessed angels sit in order
<i>serviceable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Seeing her so sweet and
<i>serviceable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennnyson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Serv"ice*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Serv"ice*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ice*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Servitude.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Serv"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>serviens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. See <u>Serve</u>.] <def>Subordinate.</def> [Obs.
except in law.]  <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Servient tenement</b></col> or <col><b>estate</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that on which the burden of a servitude or an
easement is imposed.  Cf. <i>Dominant estate</i>, under
<u>Dominant</u>.</cd>  <i>Gale &amp; Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ser`viette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A table
napkin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>servile</i>, fr.
<i>servus</i> a servant or slave: cf. F. <i>servile</i>. See
<u>Serve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a servant
or slave; befitting a servant or a slave; proceeding from dependence;
hence, meanly submissive; slavish; mean; cringing; fawning; as,
<i>servile</i> flattery; <i>servile</i> fear; <i>servile</i>
obedience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She must bend the <i>servile</i> knee.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fearing dying pays death <i>servile</i>
breath.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Held in subjection; dependent;
enslaved.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even fortune rules no more, O <i>servile</i>
land!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not
belonging to the original root; as, a <i>servile</i> letter.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not itself sounded, but serving to lengthen
the preceeding vowel, as <i>e</i> in <i>tune</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>An
element which forms no part of the original root; -- opposed to
<i>radical</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ile*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a servile
manner; slavishly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ile*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
servile; servility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser*vil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>servilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being servile;
servileness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be a queen in bondage is more vile<BR>
Than is a slave in base <i>servility</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Serve</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Serving board</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a flat piece of
wood used in serving ropes.</cd> -- <col><b>Serving maid</b></col>,
<cd>a female servant; a maidservant.</cd> -- <col><b>Serving
mallet</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a wooden instrument shaped like a
mallet, used in serving ropes.</cd> -- <col><b>Serving man</b></col>,
<cd>a male servant, or attendant; a manservant.</cd> --
<col><b>Serving stuff</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>small lines for
serving ropes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Serv"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>servita</i>.]
<i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>One of the order of the Religious Servants of
the Holy Virgin, founded in Florence in 1223.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>servire</i> to serve: cf. F. <i>serviteur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who serves; a servant; an attendant; one who acts under
another; a follower or adherent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your trusty and most valiant
<i>servitor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Univ. of Oxford, Eng.)</i> <def>An
undergraduate, partly supported by the college funds, whose duty it
formerly was to wait at table. A <i>servitor</i> corresponded to a
<i>sizar</i> in Cambridge and Dublin universities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Serv"i*tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office,
rank, or condition of a servitor.</def>  <i>Boswell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Serv"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>servitudo</i>: cf. F. <i>servitude</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of voluntary or compulsory subjection to a master; the
condition of being bound to service; the condition of a slave;
slavery; bondage; hence, a state of slavish dependence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You would have sold your king to slaughter,<BR>
His princes and his peers to <i>servitude</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A splendid <i>servitude</i>; . . . for he that rises up
early, and goe&?; to bed late, only to receive addresses, is really as
much abridged in his freedom as he that waits to present
one.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Servants, collectively.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>After him a cumbrous train<BR>
Of herds and flocks, and numerous <i>servitude</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A right whereby one thing is
subject to another thing or person for use or convenience, contrary to
the common right.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The object of a <i>servitude</i> is either to suffer
something to be done by another, or to omit to do something, with
respect to a thing. The <i>easements</i> of the English correspond in
some respects with the <i>servitudes</i> of the Roman law. Both terms
are used by common law writers, and often indiscriminately. The
former, however, rather indicates the right enjoyed, and the latter
the burden imposed.  <i>Ayliffe. Erskine. E. Washburn.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Penal servitude</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Penal</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Personal servitude</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that which
arises when the use of a thing is granted as a real right to a
particular individual other than the proprietor.</cd> --
<col><b>Predial servitude</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>that which one
estate owes to another estate. When it related to lands, vineyards,
gardens, or the like, it is called <i>rural</i>; when it related to
houses and buildings, it is called <i>urban</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Serv"i*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Servants,
collectively.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Serv"i*tute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>servitus</i>.] <def>Servitude.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Se"rye</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A series.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ses"a*me</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sesamum</i>,
<i>sesama</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;same</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Either of two annual
herbaceous plants of the genus <i>Sesamum</i> (<i>S. Indicum</i>, and
<i>S. orientale</i>), from the seeds of which an oil is expressed;
also, the small obovate, flattish seeds of these plants, sometimes
used as food. See <u>Benne</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Open Sesame</b></col>, <cd>the magical command which opened
the door of the robber's den in the Arabian Nights' tale of "<i>The
Forty Thieves</i>;" hence, a magical password.</cd> -- <col><b>Sesame
grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Gama grass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ses"a*moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
like sesame; &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; sesame + &?;&?;&?; form: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;samo&iuml;de</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling in
shape the seeds of sesame.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
sesamoid bones or cartilages; sesamoidal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sesamoid bones</b></col>, <col><b>Sesamoid
cartilages</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>small bones or cartilages
formed in tendons, like the patella and pisiform in man.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ses"a*moid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
sesamoid bone or cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses`a*moid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Sesamoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses"ban</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Ar.
<i>saisab&amacr;n</i>, <i>seiseb&amacr;n</i>, a kind of tree, fr. Per.
<i>s&imacr;sab&amacr;n</i> seed of cinquefoil.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
leguminous shrub (<i>Sesbania aculeata</i>) which furnishes a fiber
used for making ropes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is applied also to the similar plant, <i>Sesbania
&AElig;gyptiaca</i>, and other species of the same genus.</p>

<p><hw>||Ses`qui-</hw> (?). [L., one half more, one and a half.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting
that <i>three atoms or equivalents</i> of the substance to the name of
which it is prefixed are combined with <i>two</i> of some other
element or radical; as, <i>sesqui</i>bromide, <i>sesqui</i>carbonate,
<i>sesqui</i>chloride, <i>sesqui</i>oxide.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sesquidupli-</i> is sometimes, but rarely, used in the
same manner to denote the proportions of <i>two and a half</i> to
<i>one</i>, or rather of <i>five</i> to <i>two</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*al"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sesquialteral.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ses`qui*al"ter</hw> (?), <hw>Ses`qui*al"ter*a</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>sesquialtera</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
stop on the organ, containing several ranks of pipes which
re&euml;nforce some of the high harmonics of the ground tone, and make
the sound more brilliant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ses`qui*al"ter*al</hw> (?), <hw>Ses`qui*al"ter*ate</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sesquialter</i> once and a half;
<i>sesqui-</i> + <i>alter</i> other: cf. F.
<i>sesquialt&eacute;re</i>.] <def>Once and a half times as great as
another; having the ratio of one and a half to one.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sesquialteral ratio</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the ratio
of one and a half to one; thus, 9 and 6 are in a <i>sesquialteral
ratio</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*al"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sesquialteral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*ba"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i> +
<i>basic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing, or acting as, a base in
the proportions of a sesqui compound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*du"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-
</i> + <i>duplicate</i>.] <def>Twice and a half as great (as another
thing); having the ratio of two and a half to one.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sesquiduplicate ratio</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the
ratio of two and a half to one, or one in which the greater term
contains the lesser twice and a half, as that of 50 to 20.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*ox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i> +
<i>oxide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oxide containing three atoms of
oxygen with two atoms (or radicals) of some other substance; thus,
alumina, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> is a
<i>sesquioxide</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ses*quip"e*dal</hw> (?), <hw>Ses`qui*pe*da"li*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i> + <i>pedal</i>: cf. F.
<i>sesquip&eacute;dal</i>, L. <i>sesquipedalis</i>.] <def>Measuring or
containing a foot and a half; as, a <i>sesquipedalian</i> pygmy; --
sometimes humorously applied to long words.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ses`qui*pe*da"li*an*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Ses*quip"e*dal*ism</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sesquipedality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*pe*dal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or condition of being
sesquipedal.</def>  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The use of sesquipedalian words; style
characterized by the use of long words; sesquipedalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses*quip"li*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i>
+ <i>plicate</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Subduplicate of the triplicate;
-- a term applied to ratios; thus, <i>a</i> and <i>a&prime;</i> are in
the <i>sesquiplicate</i> ratio of <i>b</i> and <i>b&prime;</i>, when
<i>a</i> is to <i>a&prime;</i> as the square root of the cube of
<i>b</i> is to the square root of the cube of <i>b&prime;</i>, or
<i>a:a&prime;::&radic;b<sup>3</sup>:&radic;b&prime;<sup>3</sup></i>.
</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The periodic times of the planets are in the
<i>sesquiplicate</i> ratio of their mean distances.</blockquote>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ses"qui*salt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i> +
<i>salt</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt derived from a sesquioxide
base, or made up on the proportions of a sesqui compound.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1317 !></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-
</i> + <i>sulphide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sulphide, analogous to
a sesquioxide, containing three atoms of sulphur to two of the other
ingredient; -- formerly called also <i>sesquisulphuret</i>; as,
orpiment, As<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> is arsenic
<i>sesquisulphide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses`qui*ter"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sesquitertian.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ses`qui*ter"tian</hw> (?), <hw>Ses`qui*ter"tian*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i> + L. <i>tertianus</i> belonging
to the third.  Cf. <u>Tertian</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Having the
ratio of one and one third to one (as 4 : 3).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses"qui*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sesqui-</i> +
<i>tone</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A minor third, or interval of three
semitones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sess</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>assess</i>. See <u>Assess</u>, <u>Cess</u>.] <def>To lay a tax
upon; to assess.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tax; an assessment. See
<u>Cess</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ses"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Hurry;
run.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ses"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sessilis</i>
low, dwarf, from <i>sedere</i>, <i>sessum</i>, to sit: cf. F.
<i>sessile</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Attached without any sensible
projecting support.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resting directly upon the
main stem or branch, without a petiole or footstalk; as, a
<i>sessile</i> leaf or blossom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Permanently attached; -
- said of the gonophores of certain hydroids which never became
detached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses"sile-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having eyes which are not elevated on a
stalk; -- opposed to <i>stalk-eyed</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sessile-eyed Crustacea</b></col>, <cd>the
Arthrostraca.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ses"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sessio</i>, fr.
<i>sedere</i>, <i>sessum</i>, to sit: cf. F. <i>session</i>. See
<u>Sit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of sitting, or the state
of being seated.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>So much his ascension into heaven and his
<i>session</i> at the right hand of God do import.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But Viven, gathering somewhat of his mood, . . . <BR>
Leaped from her <i>session</i> on his lap, and stood.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The actual sitting of a court, council,
legislature, etc., or the actual assembly of the members of such a
body, for the transaction of business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It's fit this royal <i>session</i> do
proceed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, also, the time, period, or term
during which a court, council, legislature, etc., meets daily for
business; or, the space of time between the first meeting and the
prorogation or adjournment; thus, a <i>session</i> of Parliaments is
opened with a speech from the throne, and closed by prorogation. The
<i>session</i> of a judicial court is called a <i>term</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was resolved that the convocation should meet at the
beginning of the next <i>session</i> of Parliament.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sessions</i>, in some of the States, is particularly used
as a title for a court of justices, held for granting licenses to
innkeepers, etc., and for laying out highways, and the like; it is
also the title of several courts of criminal jurisdiction in England
and the United States.</p>

<p><col><b>Church session</b></col>, <cd>the lowest court in the
Presbyterian Church, composed of the pastor and a body of elders
elected by the members of a particular church, and having the care of
matters pertaining to the religious interests of that church, as the
admission and dismission of members, discipline, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Court of Session</b></col>, <cd>the supreme civil court of
Scotland.</cd> -- <col><b>Quarter sessions</b></col>. <i>(Eng.Law)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Quarter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sessions of the
peace</b></col>, <cd>sittings held by justices of the peace.</cd>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ses"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a session or sessions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sess"pool`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>suss</i>
hogwash, <i>soss</i> a dirty mess, a puddle + E. <i>pool</i> a puddle;
cf. Gael. <i>ses</i> a coarse mess.] <def>Same as
<u>Cesspool</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses"terce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sestertius</i>
(sc. <i>nummus</i>), fr. <i>sestertius</i> two and a half;
<i>semis</i> half + <i>tertius</i> third: cf. F. <i>sesterce</i>.]
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A Roman coin or denomination of money, in
value the fourth part of a denarius, and originally containing two
asses and a half, afterward four asses, -- equal to about two pence
sterling, or four cents.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The sestertium was equivalent to one thousand sesterces,
equal to &pound;8 17s 1d. sterling, or about $43, before the reign of
Augustus. After his reign its value was about &pound;7 16s. 3d.
sterling. The sesterce was originally coined only in silver, but later
both in silver and brass.</p>

<p><hw>Ses*tet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>sestetto</i>,
fr. <i>sesto</i> sixth, L. <i>sextus</i>, fr. <i>sex</i> six.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A piece of music composed for
six voices or six instruments; a sextet; -- called also
<i>sestuor</i>.</def> [Written also <i>sestett</i>,
<i>sestette</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Poet.)</i> <def>The last six lines of a
sonnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ses*tet"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A sestet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sextain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ses"tu*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
sestet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set</hw> (s&ebreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Set</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Setting</u>.] [OE. <i>setten</i>, AS. <i>setton</i>; akin to OS.
<i>settian</i>, OFries. <i>setta</i>, D. <i>zetten</i>, OHG.
<i>sezzen</i>, G. <i>setzen</i>, Icel. <i>setja</i>, Sw.
<i>s&auml;tta</i>, Dan. <i>s&?;tte</i>, Goth. <i>satjan</i>; causative
from the root of E. <i>sit</i>. &radic;154. See <u>Sit</u>, and cf.
<u>Seize</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to sit; to make to
assume a specified position or attitude; to give site or place to; to
place; to put; to fix; as, to <i>set</i> a house on a stone
foundation; to <i>set</i> a book on a shelf; to <i>set</i> a dish on a
table; to <i>set</i> a chest or trunk on its bottom or on
end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do <i>set</i> my bow in the cloud.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. ix. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to attach or affix (something) to
something else, or in or upon a certain place.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Set</i> your affection on things above.</blockquote>
<i>Col. iii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord <i>set</i> a mark upon Cain.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. iv. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make to assume specified place,
condition, or occupation; to put in a certain condition or state
(described by the accompanying words); to cause to be.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord thy God will <i>set</i> thee on
high.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxviii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am come to <i>set</i> a man at variance against his
father, and the daughter against her mother.</blockquote> <i>Matt. x.
35.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every incident <i>sets</i> him thinking.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fix firmly; to make fast, permanent, or
stable; to render motionless; to give an unchanging place, form, or
condition to.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To cause to stop or stick; to obstruct; to
fasten to a spot; hence, to occasion difficulty to; to embarrass; as,
to <i>set</i> a coach in the mud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They show how hard they are <i>set</i> in this
particular.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To fix beforehand; to determine; hence, to
make unyielding or obstinate; to render stiff, unpliant, or rigid; as,
to <i>set</i> one's countenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eyes were <i>set</i> by reason of his
age.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xiv. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On these three objects his heart was
<i>set</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Make my heart as a millstone, <i>set</i> my face as a
flint.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To fix in the ground, as a post or a tree;
to plant; as, to <i>set</i> pear trees in an orchard.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To fix, as a precious stone, in a border
of metal; to place in a setting; hence, to place in or amid something
which serves as a setting; as, to <i>set</i> glass in a
sash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And him too rich a jewel to be <i>set</i><BR>
In vulgar metal for a vulgar use.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To render stiff or solid; especially, to
convert into curd; to curdle; as, to <i>set</i> milk for
cheese.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To put into a desired position or
condition; to adjust; to regulate; to adapt.</def> Specifically: --
</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To put in order in a particular manner; to
prepare; as, to <i>set</i> (that is, to hone) a razor; to <i>set</i> a
saw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tables for to <i>sette</i>, and beddes
make.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To extend and bring into position; to
spread; as, to <i>set</i> the sails of a ship.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To give a pitch to, as a tune; to start by
fixing the keynote; as, to <i>set</i> a psalm.</def>
<i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To reduce from a dislocated or fractured
state; to replace; as, to <i>set</i> a broken bone.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To make to agree with some standard; as,
to <i>set</i> a watch or a clock.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To lower into place and
fix solidly, as the blocks of cut stone in a structure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To stake at play; to wager; to
risk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>set</i> my life upon a cast,<BR>
And I will stand the hazard of the die.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To fit with music; to adapt, as words to
notes; to prepare for singing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Set</i> thy own songs, and sing them to thy
lute.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To determine; to appoint; to assign; to
fix; as, to <i>set</i> a time for a meeting; to <i>set</i> a price on
a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with something infixed or affixed;
to stud; to variegate with objects placed here and there.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>High on their heads, with jewels richly <i>set</i>,<BR>
Each lady wore a radiant coronet.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pastoral dales thin <i>set</i> with modern
farms.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To value; to rate; -- with
<i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be you contented, wearing now the garland,<BR>
To have a son <i>set</i> your decrees at naught.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not <i>set</i> my life at a pin's
fee.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To point out the seat or position of, as
birds, or other game; -- said of hunting dogs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To establish as a rule; to furnish; to
prescribe; to assign; as, to <i>set</i> an example; to <i>set</i>
lessons to be learned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To suit; to become; as, it <i>sets</i> him
ill.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To compose; to arrange in
words, lines, etc.; as, to <i>set</i> type; to <i>set</i> a
page.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To set abroach</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Abroach</u>.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To set against</b></col>, <cd>to
oppose; to set in comparison with, or to oppose to, as an equivalent
in exchange; as, <i>to set</i> one thing <i>against</i> another.</cd>
-- <col><b>To set agoing</b></col>, <cd>to cause to move.</cd> --
<col><b>To set apart</b></col>, <cd>to separate to a particular use;
to separate from the rest; to reserve.</cd> -- <col><b>To set a
saw</b></col>, <cd>to bend each tooth a little, every alternate one
being bent to one side, and the intermediate ones to the other side,
so that the opening made by the saw may be a little wider than the
thickness of the back, to prevent the saw from sticking.</cd> --
<col><b>To set aside</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To leave out
of account; to pass by; to omit; to neglect; to reject; to
annul.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Setting aside</i> all other considerations, I will
endeavor to know the truth, and yield to that.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To set apart; to reserve; as, <i>to set
aside</i> part of one's income.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Aside</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To set at
defiance</b></col>, <cd>to defy.</cd> -- <col><b>To set at
ease</b></col>, <cd>to quiet; to tranquilize; as, <i>to set</i> the
heart <i>at ease</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To set at naught</b></col>,
<cd>to undervalue; to contemn; to despise.</cd> "Ye have <i>set at
naught</i> all my counsel." <i>Prov. i. 25.</i> -- <col><b>To set
a</b></col> <col><b>trap, snare, or gin</b></col>, <cd>to put it in a
proper condition or position to catch prey; hence, to lay a plan to
deceive and draw another into one's power.</cd> -- <col><b>To set at
work</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>To set to work</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to enter on work or action, or to
direct how tu enter on work.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To apply
one's self; -- used reflexively.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
before</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To bring out to view before;
to exhibit.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To propose for choice to; to
offer to.</cd> -- <col><b>To set by</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To set apart or on one side; to reject.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To attach the value of (anything) to.</cd> "I <i>set</i> not a
straw <i>by</i> thy dreamings." <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To set by
the compass</b></col>, <cd>to observe and note the bearing or
situation of by the compass.</cd> -- <col><b>To set case</b></col>,
<cd>to suppose; to assume.  Cf. <i>Put case</i>, under <u>Put</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To set
down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To enter in writing; to
register.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Some rules were to be <i>set down</i> for the
government of the army.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To fix; to establish; to ordain.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>This law we may name eternal, being that order which
God . . . hath <i>set down</i> with himself, for himself to do all
things by.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To humiliate.</cd> -- <col><b>To set eyes
on</b></col>, <cd>to see; to behold; to fasten the eyes on.</cd> --
<col><b>To set fire to</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>To set on
fire</b></col>, <cd>to communicate fire to; fig., to inflame; to
enkindle the passions of; to irritate.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
flying</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to hook to halyards, sheets,
etc., instead of extending with rings or the like on a stay; -- said
of a sail.</cd> -- <col><b>To set forth</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To manifest; to offer or present to view; to
exhibt; to display.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To publish; to
promulgate; to make appear</cd>. <i>Waller.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To send out; to prepare and send.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Venetian admiral had a fleet of sixty galleys,
<i>set forth</i> by the Venetians.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To set forward</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
cause to advance.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To promote.</cd> --
<col><b>To set free</b></col>, <cd>to release from confinement,
imprisonment, or bondage; to liberate; to emancipate.</cd> --
<col><b>To set in</b></col>, <cd>to put in the way; to begin; to give
a start to.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If you please to assist and <i>set</i> me <i>in</i>, I
will recollect myself.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To set in order</b></col>, <cd>to adjust or arrange; to
reduce to method.</cd> "The rest will I <i>set in order</i> when I
come." <i>1 Cor. xi. 34.</i> -- <col><b>To set milk</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To expose it in open dishes in order that the
cream may rise to the surface.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To cause
it to become curdled as by the action of rennet.  See 4
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>To set</b></col> <col><b>much, or
little</b></col>, <col><b>by</b></col>, <cd>to care much, or little,
for.</cd> -- <col><b>To set of</b></col>, <cd>to value; to set
by.</cd> [Obs.] "I <i>set</i> not an haw <i>of</i> his proverbs."
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To set off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To separate from a whole; to assign to a particular purpose; to
portion off; as, <i>to set off</i> a portion of an estate.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To adorn; to decorate; to embellish</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . <i>set off</i> the worst faces with the best
airs.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To give a flattering description of.</cd> -
- <col><b>To set off against</b></col>, <cd>to place against as an
equivalent; as, <i>to set off</i> one man's services <i>against</i>
another's.</cd> -- <col><b>To set</b></col> <col><b>on or
upon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To incite; to instigate.</cd>
"Thou, traitor, hast <i>set on</i> thy wife to this." <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To employ, as in a task.</cd> " <i>Set on</i>
thy wife to observe." <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To fix
upon; to attach strongly to; as, <i>to set</i> one's heart or
affections <i>on</i> some object. See definition 2, above.</cd> --
<col><b>To set one's cap for</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cap</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To set one's self
against</b></col>, <cd>to place one's self in a state of enmity or
opposition to.</cd> -- <col><b>To set one's teeth</b></col>, <cd>to
press them together tightly.</cd> -- <col><b>To set on foot</b></col>,
<cd>to set going; to put in motion; to start.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To assign; to allot; to mark
off; to limit; as, <i>to set out</i> the share of each proprietor or
heir of an estate; <i>to set out</i> the widow's thirds.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To publish, as a proclamation</cd>. [Obs.]
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To adorn; to embellish.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>An ugly woman, in rich habit <i>set out</i> with
jewels, nothing can become.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To raise, equip, and send forth; to
furnish.</cd> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Venetians pretend they could <i>set out</i>, in
case of great necessity, thirty men-of-war.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To show; to display; to recommend; to set
off.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I could <i>set out</i> that best side of
Luther.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To show; to prove.</cd> [R.] "Those very
reasons <i>set out</i> how heinous his sin was." <i>Atterbury.</i>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>To recite; to state at
large.</cd> -- <col><b>To set over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To appoint or constitute as supervisor, inspector, ruler, or
commander.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To assign; to transfer; to
convey.</cd> -- <col><b>To set right</b></col>, <cd>to correct; to put
in order.</cd> -- <col><b>To set sail</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Sail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To set
store by</b></col>, <cd>to consider valuable.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
the fashion</b></col>, <cd>to determine what shall be the fashion; to
establish the mode.</cd> -- <col><b>To set the teeth on
edge</b></col>, <cd>to affect the teeth with a disagreeable sensation,
as when acids are brought in contact with them.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
the watch</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to place the starboard or port
watch on duty.</cd> -- <col><b>To set to</b></col>, <cd>to attach to;
to affix to.</cd> "He . . . hath <i>set to</i> his seal that God is
true." <i>John iii. 33.</i> -- <col><b>To set up</b></col>. <i>(a)</i>
<cd>To erect; to raise; to elevate; as, <i>to set up</i> a building,
or a machine; <i>to set up</i> a post, a wall, a pillar.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Hence, to exalt; to put in power</cd>. "I will
. . . <i>set up</i> the throne of David over Israel." <i>2 Sam. iii.
10.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To begin, as a new institution; to
institute; to establish; to found; as, <i>to set up</i> a manufactory;
to <i>set up</i> a school.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To enable to
commence a new business; as, <i>to set up</i> a son in trade</cd>.
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To place in view; as, <i>to set up</i> a
mark</cd>. <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To raise; to utter loudly; as,
<i>to set up</i> the voice</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>set up</i> such a note as she shall
hear.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <cd>To advance; to propose as truth or for
reception; as, <i>to set up</i> a new opinion or doctrine.</cd> <i>T.
Burnet.</i> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <cd>To raise from depression, or to a
sufficient fortune; as, this good fortune quite <i>set</i> him
<i>up</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <cd>To intoxicate</cd>. [Slang]
<sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <i>(Print.)</i> <cd>To put in type; as, <i>to set
up</i> copy; to arrange in words, lines, etc., ready for printing; as,
<i>to set up</i> type.</cd> -- <col><b>To set up the rigging</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to make it taut by means of tackles.</cd> <i>R. H.
Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Put</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Set</hw> (s&ebreve;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass below the horizon; to go down; to
decline; to sink out of sight; to come to an end.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere the weary sun <i>set</i> in the west.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus this century <i>sets</i> with little mirth, and
the next is likely to arise with more mourning.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fit music to words.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To place plants or shoots in the ground; to
plant.</def> "To sow dry, and <i>set</i> wet."  <i>Old
Proverb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be fixed for growth; to strike root; to
begin to germinate or form; as, cuttings <i>set</i> well; the fruit
has <i>set</i> well (<i>i. e.</i>, not blasted in the
blossom).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To become fixed or rigid; to be
fastened.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gathering and serring of the spirits together to
resist, maketh the teeth to <i>set</i> hard one against
another.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To congeal; to concrete; to
solidify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That fluid substance in a few minutes begins to
<i>set</i>.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To have a certain direction in motion; to
flow; to move on; to tend; as, the current <i>sets</i> to the north;
the tide <i>sets</i> to the windward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To begin to move; to go out or forth; to
start; -- now followed by <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king is <i>set</i> from London.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To indicate the position of game; -- said
of a dog; as, the dog <i>sets</i> well; also, to hunt game by the aid
of a setter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To apply one's self; to undertake
earnestly; -- now followed by <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he <i>sets</i> industriously and sincerely to
perform the commands of Christ, he can have no ground of doubting but
it shall prove successful to him.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To fit or suit one; to sit; as, the coat
<i>sets</i> well.</def> [Colloquially used, but improperly, for
<i>sit</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The use of the verb <i>set</i> for <i>sit</i> in such
expressions as, the hen is <i>setting</i> on thirteen eggs; a
<i>setting</i> hen, etc., although colloquially common, and sometimes
tolerated in serious writing, is not to be approved.</p>

<p><col><b>To set about</b></col>, <cd>to commence; to begin.</cd> --
<col><b>To set forward</b></col>, <cd>to move or march; to begin to
march; to advance.</cd> -- <col><b>To set forth</b></col>, <cd>to
begin a journey.</cd> -- <col><b>To set in</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To begin; to enter upon a particular state;
as, winter <i>set in</i> early.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To settle
one's self; to become established</cd>. "When the weather was <i>set
in</i> to be very bad." <i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To
flow toward the shore; -- said of the tide.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
off</b></col>.  <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To enter upon a journey; to
start.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Typog.)</i> <cd>To deface or soil
the next sheet; -- said of the ink on a freshly printed sheet, when
another sheet comes in contact with it before it has had time to
dry.</cd> -- <col><b>To set on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To begin, as a journey or enterprise; to set
about.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He that would seriously <i>set upon</i> the search of
truth.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To assault; to make an attack.</cd>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cassio hath here been <i>set on</i> in the
dark.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To set out</b></col>, <cd>to begin a journey or course;
as, <i>to set out</i> for London, or from London; <i>to set out</i> in
business;<i>to set out</i> in life or the world.</cd> -- <col><b>To
set to</b></col>, <cd>to apply one's self to.</cd> -- <col><b>To set
up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To begin business or a scheme of
life; as, <i>to set up</i> in trade; <i>to set up</i> for one's
self.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To profess openly; to make
pretensions</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Those men who <i>set up</i> for mortality without
regard to religion, are generally but virtuous in part.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i>
</p>

<p><! p. 1318 !></p>

<p><hw>Set</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fixed in position; immovable; rigid; as, a <i>set</i> line; a
<i>set</i> countenance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Firm; unchanging; obstinate; as, <i>set</i>
opinions or prejudices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Regular; uniform; formal; as, a <i>set</i>
discourse; a <i>set</i> battle.</def> "The <i>set</i> phrase of
peace."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Established; prescribed; as, <i>set</i>
forms of prayer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Adjusted; arranged; formed;
adapted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Set hammer</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A hammer the
head of which is not tightly fastened upon the handle, but may be
reversed</cd>. <i>Knight.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A hammer with a
concave face which forms a die for shaping anything, as the end of a
bolt, rivet, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Set line</b></col>, <cd>a line to
which a number of baited hooks are attached, and which, supported by
floats and properly secured, may be left unguarded during the absence
of the fisherman.</cd> -- <col><b>Set nut</b></col>, <cd>a jam nut or
lock nut. See under <u>Nut</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Set screw</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a screw, sometimes cupped or printed at one end,
and screwed through one part, as of a machine, tightly upon another
part, to prevent the one from slipping upon the other.</cd> --
<col><b>Set speech</b></col>, <cd>a speech carefully prepared before
it is delivered in public; a formal or methodical speech.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Set</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of setting, as of the sun or other heavenly body; descent; hence, the
close; termination.</def> "Locking at the <i>set</i> of day."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The weary sun hath made a golden
<i>set</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is set, placed, or fixed.</def>
Specifically: -- <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A young plant for growth;
as, a <i>set</i> of white thorn.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That
which is staked; a wager; a venture; a stake; hence, a game at
venture.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We will in France, by God's grace, play a
<i>set</i><BR>
Shall strike his father's crown into the hazard.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That was but civil war, an equal
<i>set</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Permanent change of figure
in consequence of excessive strain, as from compression, tension,
bending, twisting, etc.; as, the <i>set</i> of a spring.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A kind of punch used for bending,
indenting, or giving shape to, metal; as, a saw <i>set</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Pile Driving)</i> <def>A piece placed
temporarily upon the head of a pile when the latter cannot be reached
by the weight, or hammer, except by means of such an intervening
piece.</def> [Often incorrectly written <i>sett</i>.]</p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A short steel spike used
for driving the head of a nail below the surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Perhaps due to confusion with <i>sect</i>,
<i>sept</i>.] <def>A number of things of the same kind, ordinarily
used or classed together; a collection of articles which naturally
complement each other, and usually go together; an assortment; a suit;
as, a <i>set</i> of chairs, of china, of surgical or mathematical
instruments, of books, etc.</def> [In this sense, sometimes
incorrectly written <i>sett</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A number of persons associated by custom,
office, common opinion, quality, or the like; a division; a group; a
clique.</def> "Others of our <i>set</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This falls into different divisions, or <i>sets</i>, of
nations connected under particular religions.</blockquote> <i>R. P.
Ward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Direction or course; as, the <i>set</i> of
the wind, or of a current.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In dancing, the number of persons necessary
to execute a quadrille; also, the series of figures or movements
executed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The deflection of a tooth, or of the teeth,
of a saw, which causes the the saw to cut a kerf, or make an opening,
wider than the blade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A young oyster when
first attached.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Collectively, the crop
of young oysters in any locality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Tennis)</i> <def>A series of as many games
as may be necessary to enable one side to win six. If at the end of
the tenth game the score is a tie, the set is usually called a
<i>deuce set</i>, and decided by an application of the rules for
playing off deuce in a game. See <u>Deuce</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Type Founding)</i> <def>That dimension of
the body of a type called by printers the <i>width</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dead set</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The act of a
setter dog when it discovers the game, and remains intently fixed in
pointing it out</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A fixed or stationary
condition arising from obstacle or hindrance; a deadlock; as, to be at
a <i>dead set</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A concerted scheme to
defraud by gaming; a determined onset.</cd> -- <col><b>To make a dead
set</b></col>, <cd>to make a determined onset, literally or
figuratively.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Collection; series; group. See <u>Pair</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Se"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Set&aelig;</b></plw>. [L. <i>seta</i>, <i>saeta</i>, a
bristle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Any slender, more or
less rigid, bristlelike organ or part; as the hairs of a caterpillar,
the slender spines of a crustacean, the hairlike processes of a
protozoan, the bristles or stiff hairs on the leaves of some plants,
or the pedicel of the capsule of a moss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the movable chitinous spines or hooks of an annelid. They usually
arise in clusters from muscular capsules, and are used in locomotion
and for defense. They are very diverse in form.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the spinelike feathers at the base of
the bill of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>seta</i> a
bristle: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;tac&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Set with, or consisting of, bristles; bristly; as, a stiff,
<i>setaceous</i> tail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bristelike in form or texture; as, a
<i>setaceous</i> feather; a <i>setaceous</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Offset, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A backset; a countercurrent; an eddy.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A backset; a check; a repulse; a reverse; a
relapse.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Set"bolt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An iron pin, or bolt, for fitting planks
closely together.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bolt used for forcing another bolt out of
its hole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The humbling of a
person by act or words, especially by a retort or a reproof; the
retort or the reproof which has such effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
2d <u>Settee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. imp. pl.</i></pos> of
<u>Sit</u>. Sat.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"e*wale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cetewale</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Set"-fair`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In plastering, a
particularly good troweled surface.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"foil`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Septfoil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seth"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Since</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Seth"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sothic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>seta</i> a
bristle + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing, or having one or more,
bristles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Seta</i> + <i>-
form</i>: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;tiforme</i>.] <def>Having the form or
structure of set&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ti*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Setigerous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An annelid having
set&aelig;; a ch&aelig;topod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*tig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Seta</i> +
<i>-gerous</i>.] <def>Covered with bristles; having or bearing a seta
or set&aelig;; setiferous; as, <i>setigerous</i> glands; a
<i>setigerous</i> segment of an annelid; specifically <i>(Bot.)</i>,
tipped with a bristle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"tim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shittim</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*tip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Seta</i> + L.
<i>papere</i> to produce.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing
set&aelig;; -- said of the organs from which the set&aelig; of
annelids arise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ti*reme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Seta</i> + L.
<i>remus</i> an oar.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A swimming leg (of an
insect) having a fringe of hairs on the margin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being set; formality; obstinacy.</def> "The starched
<i>setness</i> of a sententious writer."  <i>R. Masters.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"-off`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Set</i> +
<i>off</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is set off against
another thing; an offset.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not contemplate such a heroine as a <i>set-off</i>
to the many sins imputed to me as committed against
woman.</blockquote> <i>D. Jerrold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is used to improve the
appearance of anything; a decoration; an ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A counterclaim; a cross debt
or demand; a distinct claim filed or set up by the defendant against
the plaintiff's demand.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Set-off</i> differs from <i>recoupment</i>, as the latter
generally grows out of the same matter or contract with the
plaintiff's claim, while the former grows out of distinct matter, and
does not of itself deny the justice of the plaintiff's demand.
<i>Offset</i> is sometimes improperly used for the legal term <i>set-
off</i>. See <u>Recoupment</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Offset</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>See <u>Offset</u>,
7.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Set-off</u>, <u>Offset</u>.  -- <i>Offset</i>
originally denoted that which branches off or projects, as a shoot
from a tree, but the term has long been used in America in the sense
of <i>set-off</i>. This use is beginning to obtain in England; though
Macaulay uses <i>set-off</i>, and so, perhaps, do a majority of
English writers.</p>

<p><hw>Se"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>s&eacute;ton</i>
(cf. It. <i>setone</i>), from L. <i>seta</i> a thick, stiff hair, a
bristle.] <i>(Med. &amp; Far.)</i> <def>A few silk threads or horsehairs,
or a strip of linen or the like, introduced beneath the skin by a
knife or needle, so as to form an issue; also, the issue so
formed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Se*tose"</hw> (?), <hw>Se"tous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>setosus</i>, <i>saetosus</i>, from
<i>seta</i>, <i>saeta</i>, bristle: cf. F. <i>s&eacute;teux</i>.]
<def>Thickly set with bristles or bristly hairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A display, as of
plate, equipage, etc.; that which is displayed.</def> [Coloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"-stitched`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stitched
according to a formal pattern.</def> "An old <i>set-stiched</i> chair,
valanced, and fringed with party-colored worsted bobs."
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sett</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Set</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2 <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> and 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Set</u>; cf.
<u>Settle</u> a seat.] <def>A long seat with a back, -- made to
accommodate several persons at once.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set*tee"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sc&eacute;tie</i>,
<i>scitie</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel with a very long, sharp
prow, carrying two or three masts with lateen sails, -- used in the
Mediterranean.</def> [Written also <i>setee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Set"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, sets; -- used mostly in composition with
a noun, as type<i>setter</i>; or in combination with an adverb, as a
<i>setter</i> on (or inciter), a <i>setter</i> up, a <i>setter</i>
forth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hunting dog of a
special breed originally derived from a cross between the spaniel and
the pointer. Modern setters are usually trained to indicate the
position of game birds by standing in a fixed position, but originally
they indicated it by sitting or crouching.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are several distinct varieties of setters; as, the
<i>Irish</i>, or <i>red</i>, <i>setter</i>; the <i>Gordon setter</i>,
which is usually red or tan varied with black; and the <i>English
setter</i>, which is variously colored, but usually white and tawny
red, with or without black.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who hunts victims for sharpers.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who adapts words to music in
composition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An adornment; a decoration; -- with
<i>off</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They come as . . . <i>setters</i> off of thy
graces.</blockquote> <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Pottery)</i> <def>A shallow seggar for
porcelain.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut the dewlap
(of a cow or an ox), and to insert a seton, so as to cause an
issue.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Set"ter*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The bear's-foot (<i>Helleborus f&oelig;tidus</i>); -- so called
because the root was used in <i>settering</i>, or inserting setons
into the dewlaps of cattle. Called also <i>pegroots</i>.</def>  <i>Dr.
Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, sets; as, the <i>setting</i>
of type, or of gems; the <i>setting</i> of the sun; the <i>setting</i>
(hardening) of moist plaster of Paris; the <i>setting</i> (set) of a
current.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of marking the position of game, as
a setter does; also, hunting with a setter.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something set in, or inserted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt set in it <i>settings</i> of
stones.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxviii. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That in which something, as a gem, is set;
as, the gold <i>setting</i> of a jeweled pin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Setting coat</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the finishing or
last coat of plastering on walls or ceilings.</cd> -- <col><b>Setting
dog</b></col>, <cd>a setter. See <u>Setter</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</cd> -- <col><b>Setting pole</b></col>, <cd>a pole, often iron-
pointed, used for pushing boats along in shallow water.</cd> --
<col><b>Setting rule</b></col>. <i>(Print.)</i> <cd>A composing
rule.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Set"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>setel</i>,
<i>setil</i>, a seat, AS. <i>setl</i>: akin to OHG. <i>sezzal</i>, G.
<i>sessel</i>, Goth. <i>sitls</i>, and E. <i>sit</i>. &radic;154. See
<u>Sit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A seat of any kind.</def> [Obs.]
"Upon the <i>settle</i> of his majesty"  <i>Hampole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bench; especially, a bench with a high
back.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place made lower than the rest; a wide
step or platform lower than some other part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And from the bottom upon the ground, even to the lower
<i>settle</i>, shall be two cubits, and the breadth one
cubit.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xliii. 14.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Settle bed</b></col>, <cd>a bed convertible into a
seat.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Set"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Settled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Settling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>setlen</i>, AS. <i>setlan</i>.
&radic;154. See <u>Settle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> In senses 7, 8,
and 9 perhaps confused with OE. <i>sahtlen</i> to reconcile, AS.
<i>sahtlian</i>, fr. <i>saht</i> reconciliation, <i>sacon</i> to
contend, dispute.  Cf. <u>Sake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place
in a fixed or permanent condition; to make firm, steady, or stable; to
establish; to fix; esp., to establish in life; to fix in business, in
a home, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he <i>settled</i> his countenance steadfastly upon
him, until he was ashamed.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings viii. 11. (Rev.
Ver.) </i></p>

<p><blockquote>The father thought the time drew on<BR>
Of <i>setting</i> in the world his only son.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To establish in the pastoral office; to
ordain or install as pastor or rector of a church, society, or parish;
as, to <i>settle</i> a minister.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be no longer in a disturbed
condition; to render quiet; to still; to calm; to compose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>settled</i> then the huge whale-bearing
lake.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hoping that sleep might <i>settle</i> his
brains.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To clear of dregs and impurities by causing
them to sink; to render pure or clear; -- said of a liquid; as, to
<i>settle</i> coffee, or the grounds of coffee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To restore or bring to a smooth, dry, or
passable condition; -- said of the ground, of roads, and the like; as,
clear weather <i>settles</i> the roads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cause to sink; to lower; to depress;
hence, also, to render close or compact; as, to <i>settle</i> the
contents of a barrel or bag by shaking it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To determine, as something which is exposed
to doubt or question; to free from unscertainty or wavering; to make
sure, firm, or constant; to establish; to compose; to quiet; as, to
<i>settle</i> the mind when agitated; to <i>settle</i> questions of
law; to <i>settle</i> the succession to a throne; to <i>settle</i> an
allowance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It will <i>settle</i> the wavering, and confirm the
doubtful.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To adjust, as something in discussion; to
make up; to compose; to pacify; as, to <i>settle</i> a
quarrel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To adjust, as accounts; to liquidate; to
balance; as, to <i>settle</i> an account.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to pay; as, to <i>settle</i> a
bill.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To plant with inhabitants; to colonize; to
people; as, the French first <i>settled</i> Canada; the Puritans
<i>settled</i> New England; Plymouth was <i>settled</i> in
1620.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To settle on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to
confer upon by permanent grant; to assure to.</cd> "I . . . have
<i>settled upon</i> him a good annuity." <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To
settle the land</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to cause it to sink, or
appear lower, by receding from it.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fix; establish; regulate; arrange; compose;
adjust; determine; decide.</p>

<p><hw>Set"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become fixed or permanent; to become stationary; to establish
one's self or itself; to assume a lasting form, condition, direction,
or the like, in place of a temporary or changing state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wind came about and <i>settled</i> in the
west.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Chyle . . . runs through all the intermediate colors
until it <i>settles</i> in an intense red.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fix one's residence; to establish a
dwelling place or home; as, the Saxons who <i>settled</i> in
Britain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To enter into the married state, or the
state of a householder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As people marry now and <i>settle</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be established in an employment or
profession; as, to <i>settle</i> in the practice of law.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To become firm, dry, and hard, as the
ground after the effects of rain or frost have disappeared; as, the
roads <i>settled</i> late in the spring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To become clear after being turbid or
obscure; to clarify by depositing matter held in suspension; as, the
weather <i>settled</i>; wine <i>settles</i> by standing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A government, on such occasions, is always thick before
it <i>settles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To sink to the bottom; to fall to the
bottom, as dregs of a liquid, or the sediment of a
reserveir.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To sink gradually to a lower level; to
subside, as the foundation of a house, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To become calm; to cease from
agitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till the fury of his highness <i>settle</i>,<BR>
Come not before him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To adjust differences or accounts; to come
to an agreement; as, he has <i>settled</i> with his
creditors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To make a jointure for a wife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sighs with most success that <i>settles</i>
well.</blockquote> <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"tled*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being settled; confirmed state.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"tle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of setting, or the state of being settled.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Establishment in life, in business,
condition, etc.; ordination or installation as pastor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man living has a design in his head upon wealth
power, or <i>settlement</i> in the world.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act of peopling, or state of being
peopled; act of planting, as a colony; colonization; occupation by
settlers; as, the <i>settlement</i> of a new country.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1319 !></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The act or process of adjusting or
determining; composure of doubts or differences; pacification;
liquidation of accounts; arrangement; adjustment; as,
<i>settlement</i> of a controversy, of accounts, etc.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Bestowal, or giving possession, under
legal sanction; the act of giving or conferring anything in a formal
and permanent manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My flocks, my fields, my woods, my pastures take,<BR>
With <i>settlement</i> as good as law can make.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A disposition of property for
the benefit of some person or persons, usually through the medium of
trustees, and for the benefit of a wife, children, or other relatives;
jointure granted to a wife, or the act of granting it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which settles, or is settled,
established, or fixed.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Matter that subsides; settlings; sediment;
lees; dregs.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fuller's earth left a thick
<i>settlement</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A colony newly established; a place or
region newly settled; as, <i>settlement</i> in the West.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>That which is bestowed formally and
permanently; the sum secured to a person; especially, a jointure made
to a woman at her marriage; also, in the United States, a sum of money
or other property formerly granted to a pastor in additional to his
salary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
gradual sinking of a building, whether by the yielding of the ground
under the foundation, or by the compression of the joints or the
material.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>Fractures or
dislocations caused by settlement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A settled place of abode;
residence; a right growing out of residence; legal residence or
establishment of a person in a particular parish or town, which
entitles him to maintenance if a pauper, and subjects the parish or
town to his support.</def>  <i>Blackstone. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Act of settlement</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>the
statute of 12 and 13 William III, by which the crown was limited to
the present reigning house (the house of Hanover).</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Set"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who settles, becomes fixed, established, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, one who establishes himself in
a new region or a colony; a colonist; a planter; as, the first
<i>settlers</i> of New England.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which settles or finishes; hence, a
blow, etc., which settles or decides a contest.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A vessel, as a tub, in which something, as
pulverized ore suspended in a liquid, is allowed to settle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"tling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, settles; the act of
establishing one's self, of colonizing, subsiding, adjusting,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>That which settles at the bottom
of a liquid; lees; dregs; sediment.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Settling day</b></col>, <cd>a day for settling accounts, as
in the stock market.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Set"-to`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contest in
boxing, in an argument, or the like.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Set"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Setul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>setula</i>, <i>saetula</i>,
dim. of <i>seta</i>, <i>saeta</i>, bristle.] <def>A small, short hair
or bristle; a small seta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Setula</u>.]
<def>A setula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having small
bristles or set&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set"wall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Cetewale</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant formerly valued for its restorative
qualities (<i>Valeriana officinalis</i>, or <i>V.
Pyrenaica</i>).</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>setwal</i>.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>seven</i>,
<i>seoven</i>, <i>seofen</i>, AS. <i>seofon</i>, <i>seofan</i>,
<i>seofen</i>; akin to D. <i>zeven</i>, OS., Goth., &amp; OHG.
<i>sibun</i>, G. <i>sieben</i>, Icel. <i>sjau</i>, <i>sj&ouml;</i>,
Sw. <i>sju</i>, Dan. <i>syv</i>, Lith. <i>septyni</i>, Russ.
<i>seme</i>, W. <i>saith</i>, Gael. <i>seachd</i>, Ir. <i>seacht</i>,
L. <i>septem</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr. <i>saptan</i>. &radic;305.  Cf.
<u>Hebdomad</u>, <u>Heptagon</u>, <u>September</u>.] <def>One more
than six; six and one added; as, <i>seven</i> days make one
week.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seven sciences</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Science</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Seven
stars</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the Pleiades.</cd> --
<col><b>Seven wonders of the world</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Wonders</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Seven-year apple</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a rubiaceous shrub (<i>Genipa clusiifolia</i>)
growing in the West Indies; also, its edible fruit.</cd> --
<col><b>Seven-year vine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tropical
climbing plant (<i>Ipom&oelig;a tuberosa</i>) related to the morning-
glory.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
number greater by one than six; seven units or objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of every beast, and bird, and insect small,<BR>
Game <i>sevens</i> and pairs.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing seven units, as 7, or
vii.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Repeated seven
times; having seven thicknesses; increased to seven times the size or
amount.</def> "<i>Sevenfold</i> rage."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*fold`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Seven times as
much or as often.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him
<i>sevenfold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iv. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seven"night</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A week; any
period of seven consecutive days and nights. See
<u>Sennight</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*score`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Seven
times twenty, that is, a hundred and forty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The old Countess of Desmond . . . lived
<i>sevenscore</i> years.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en-shoot`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A firearm,
esp. a pistol, with seven barrels or chambers for cartridges, or one
capable of firing seven shots without reloading.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*teen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>seventene</i>, AS.  <i>seofont&ymacr;ne</i>, i. e., <i>seven-
ten</i>.  Cf. <u>Seventy</u>.] <def>One more than sixteen; ten and
seven added; as, <i>seventeen</i> years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*teen`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The number greater by one than sixteen; the sum of ten and seven;
seventeen units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol denoting seventeen units, as 17,
or xvii.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*teenth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Seventeen</u>: cf. AS. <i>seofonte&oacute;&eth;a</i>,
<i>seofonteoge&eth;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next in order after
the sixteenth; coming after sixteen others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In . . . the <i>seventeenth</i> day of the month . . .
were all the fountains of the great deep broken up.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. vii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of seventeen
equal parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*teenth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The next in order after the sixteenth; one
coming after sixteen others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quotient of a unit divided by
seventeen; one of seventeen equal parts or divisions of one
whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An interval of two octaves
and a third.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"enth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Seven</u>: cf.
AS. <i>seofo&eth;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next in order after
the sixth;; coming after six others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the <i>seventh</i> day, God ended his work which he
had made; and he rested on the <i>seventh</i> day from all his work
which he had made.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of seven equal
parts into which anything is divided; as, the <i>seventh</i>
part.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Seventh day</b></col>, <cd>the seventh day of the week;
Saturday.</cd> -- <col><b>Seventh-day Baptists</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Baptist</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sev"enth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
next in order after the sixth; one coming after six others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quotient of a unit divided by seven;
one of seven equal parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
interval embracing seven diatonic degrees of the scale.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A chord which includes the interval of a
seventh whether major, minor, or diminished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev`en-thir"ties</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A name
given to three several issues of United States Treasury notes, made
during the Civil War, in denominations of $50 and over, bearing
interest at the rate of seven and three tenths (thirty hundredths) per
cent annually. Within a few years they were all redeemed or
funded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"enth*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
seventh place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*ti*eth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. hund-
<i>seofontigo&eth;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next in order after
the sixty-ninth; as, a man in the <i>seventieth</i> year of his
age.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of seventy equal
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*ti*eth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One next in order after the sixty-ninth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quotient of a unit divided by seventy;
one of seventy equal parts or fractions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. hund<i>-
seofontig</i>. See <u>Seven</u>, and <u>Ten</u>, and cf.
<u>Seventeen</u>, <u>Sixty</u>.] <def>Seven times ten; one more than
sixty-nine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Seventies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sum of
seven times ten; seventy units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing seventy units, as 70,
or lxx.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Seventy</b></col>, <cd>the translators of the Greek
version of the Old Testament called the Septuagint. See
<u>Septuagint</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sev`en*ty-four"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A naval vessel carrying seventy-four guns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"en-up`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The game of cards
called also <i>all fours</i>, and <i>old sledge</i>.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &. p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Severed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Severing</u>.] [OF. <i>sevrer</i>, <i>severer</i>, to separate, F.
<i>sevrer</i> to wean, fr. L. <i>separare</i>. See <u>Separate</u>,
and cf. <u>Several</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate, as one
from another; to cut off from something; to divide; to part in any
way, especially by violence, as by cutting, rending, etc.; as, to
<i>sever</i> the head from the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The angels shall come forth, and <i>sever</i> the
wicked from among the just.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiii. 49.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut or break open or apart; to divide
into parts; to cut through; to disjoin; as, to <i>sever</i> the arm or
leg.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our state can not be <i>severed</i>; we are
one.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To keep distinct or apart; to except; to
exempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>sever</i> in that day the land of Goshen, in
which my people dwell, that no swarms of flies shall be
there.</blockquote> <i>Ex. viii. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To disunite; to disconnect; to
terminate; as, to <i>sever</i> an estate in joint tenancy.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
suffer disjunction; to be parted, or rent asunder; to be separated; to
part; to separate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a separation or distinction; to
distinguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord shall <i>sever</i> between the cattle of
Israel and the cattle of Egypt.</blockquote> <i>Ex. ix. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They claimed the right of <i>severing</i> in their
challenge.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being severed.</def>  <i>Encyc. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF., fr. LL.
<i>separalis</i>, fr. L. <i>separ</i> separate, different. See
<u>Sever</u>, <u>Separate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Separate;
distinct; particular; single.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each <i>several</i> ship a victory did
gain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each might his <i>several</i> province well
command,<BR>
Would all but stoop to what they understand.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Diverse; different; various.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Habits and faculties, <i>several</i>, and to be
distinguished.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Four <i>several</i> armies to the field are
led.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of a number more than two, but
not very many; divers; sundry; as, <i>several</i> persons were present
when the event took place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*al</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By itself;
severally.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every kind of thing is laid up <i>several</i> in barns
or storehoudses.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Each particular taken singly; an item; a detail; an
individual.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There was not time enough to hear . . . <BR>
The <i>severals</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Persons oe objects, more than two, but not
very many.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Several</i> of them neither rose from any
conspicuous family, nor left any behind them.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An inclosed or separate place;
inclosure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They had their <i>several</i> for heathen nations,
their <i>several</i> for the people of their own nation.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In several</b></col>, <cd>in a state of separation.</cd>
[R.] "Where pastures <i>in several</i> be."  <i>Tusser.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Sev`er*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Severalities</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Each particular taken
singly; distinction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
distinguish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Separately;
distinctly; apart from others; individually.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There must be an auditor to check and revise each
<i>severally</i> by itself.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A state of
separation from the rest, or from all others; a holding by individual
right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forests which had never been owned in
<i>severalty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Estate in severalty</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an estate
which the tenant holds in his own right, without being joined in
interest with any other person; -- distinguished from <i>joint
tenancy</i>, <i>coparcenary</i>, and <i>common</i>.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of severing, or the state of being severed; partition;
separation.</def>  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of dividing; the
singling or severing of two or more that join, or are joined, in one
writ; the putting in several or separate pleas or answers by two or
more disjointly; the destruction of the unity of interest in a joint
estate.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*vere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Severer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Severest</u>.] [L. <i>severus</i>;
perhaps akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?; awe, &?;&?;&?; revered, holy, solemn,
Goth. <i>swikns</i> innocent, chaste: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;v&egrave;re</i>.  Cf. <u>Asseverate</u>,
<u>Persevere</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serious in feeeling or
manner; sedate; grave; austere; not light, lively, or
cheerful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your looks alter, as your subject does,<BR>
From kind to fierce, from wanton to <i>severe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very strict in judgment, discipline, or
government; harsh; not mild or indulgent; rigorous; as, <i>severe</i>
criticism; <i>severe</i> punishment.</def> "Custody <i>severe</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Come! you are too <i>severe</i> a moraler.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let your zeal, if it must be expressed in anger, be
always more <i>severe</i> against thyself than against
others.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rigidly methodical, or adherent to rule or
principle; exactly conformed to a standard; not allowing or employing
unneccessary ornament, amplification, etc.; strict; -- said of style,
argument, etc.</def> "Restrained by reason and <i>severe</i>
principles."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Latin, a most <i>severe</i> and compendious
language.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Sharp; afflictive; distressing; violent;
extreme; as, <i>severe</i> pain, anguish, fortune; <i>severe</i>
cold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Difficult to be endured; exact; critical;
rigorous; as, a <i>severe</i> test.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Strict; grave; austere; stern; morose; rigid; exact;
rigorous; hard; rough; harsh; censorious; tart; acrimonious;
sarcastic; satirical; cutting; biting; keen; bitter; cruel. See
<u>Strict</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Se*vere"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Se*vere"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se*ver"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Severities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>severitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>s&eacute;v&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of
being severe.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Gravity or austerity; extreme strictness;
rigor; harshness; as, the <i>severity</i> of a reprimand or a reproof;
<i>severity</i> of discipline or government; <i>severity</i> of
penalties.</def> "Strict age, and sour <i>severity</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The quality or power of distressing or
paining; extreme degree; extremity; intensity; inclemency; as, the
<i>severity</i> of pain or anguish; the <i>severity</i> of cold or
heat; the <i>severity</i> of the winter.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Harshness; cruel treatment; sharpness of
punishment; as, <i>severity</i> practiced on prisoners of
war.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Exactness; rigorousness; strictness; as,
the <i>severity</i> of a test.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Confining myself to the <i>severity</i> of
truth.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sev"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. corrupted fr.
<i>ciborium</i>. <i>Oxf</i>. <i>Gloss</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A bay
or compartment of a vaulted ceiling.</def> [Written also
<i>civery</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sev`o*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sevocare</i>, <i>sevocatum</i>, to call aside.] <def>A calling
aside.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>S&egrave;"vres blue`</hw> (?). <def>A very light
blue.</def></p>

<p><hw>S&egrave;"vres ware`</hw> (?). <def>Porcelain manufactured at
<i>S&egrave;vres</i>, France, ecpecially in the national factory
situated there.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. See <u>Sewer</u>
household officer.] <def>Juice; gravy; a seasoned dish; a
delicacy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not tell of their strange
<i>sewes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Sue</u> to follow.]
<def>To follow; to pursue; to sue.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Sewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sewed</u>, rarely
<u>Sewn</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sewing</u>.]
[OE. <i>sewen</i>, <i>sowen</i>, AS. <i>si&oacute;wian</i>,
<i>s&imacr;wian</i>; akin to OHG. <i>siuwan</i>, Icel. <i>s&?;ja</i>,
Sw. <i>sy</i>, Dan. <i>sye</i>, Goth. <i>siujan</i>, Lith.
<i>siuti</i>, Russ, <i>shite</i>, L.  <i>ssuere</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;,
Skr. <i>siv</i>. &radic;156.  Cf. <u>Seam</u> a suture,
<u>Suture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite or fasten together by
stitches, as with a needle and thread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man also <i>seweth</i> a piece of new cloth on an
old garment.</blockquote> <i>Mark ii. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To close or stop by ssewing; -- often with
<i>up</i>; as, to <i>sew</i> up a rip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To inclose by sewing; -- sometimes with
<i>up</i>; as, to <i>sew</i> money in a bag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice sewing; to
work with needle and thread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [&radic;151 <i>b.</i> See
<u>Sewer</u> a drain.] <def>To drain, as a pond, for taking the
fish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sew"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The contents of a sewer or drain; refuse liquids or matter
carried off by sewers</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sewerage, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sewe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform the
duties of a sewer. See 3d <u>Sewer</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sew"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A scarecrow, generally made of feathers tied to a string, hung up
to prevent deer from breaking into a place.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Se*wel"lel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of American Indian
origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A peculiar gregarious burrowing
rodent (<i>Haplodon rufus</i>), native of the coast region of the
Northwestern United States. It somewhat resembles a muskrat or marmot,
but has only a rudimentary tail. Its head is broad, its eyes are small
and its fur is brownish above, gray beneath. It constitutes the family
<i>Haplodontid&aelig;</i>.  Called also <i>boomer</i>, <i>showt'l</i>,
and <i>mountain beaver</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1320 !></p>

<p><hw>Sew"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A British trout usually regarded as a variety (var.
<i>Cambricus</i>) of the salmon trout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sews, or stitches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small tortricid moth
whose larva sews together the edges of a leaf by means of silk; as,
the apple-leaf <i>sewer</i> (<i>Phoxopteris nubeculana</i>)</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sewiere</i>,
<i>seuwiere</i>, ultimately fr. L. <i>ex</i> out + a derivative of
<i>aqua</i> water; cf. OF. <i>essevour</i> a drain, <i>essever</i>,
<i>esseuwer</i>, <i>essiaver</i>, to cause to flow, to drain, to flow,
LL. <i>exaquatorium</i> a channel through which water runs off.  Cf.
<u>Ewer</u>, <u>Aquarium</u>.] <def>A drain or passage to carry off
water and filth under ground; a subterraneous channel, particularly in
cities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>assewer</i>, and
<i>asseour</i>, OF. <i>asseour</i>, F. <i>asseoir</i> to seat, to set,
L. <i>assidere</i> to sit by; <i>ad + sedere</i> to sit (cf.
<u>Sit</u>); or cf. OE. <i>sew</i> pottage, sauce, boiled meat, AS.
<i>se&aacute;w</i> juice, Skr. <i>su</i> to press out.] <def>Formerly,
an upper servant, or household officer, who set on and removed the
dishes at a feast, and who also brought water for the hands of the
guests.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then the <i>sewer</i><BR>
Poured water from a great and golden ewer,<BR>
That from their hands to a silver caldron ran.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sew"er*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The construction of a sewer or sewers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The system of sewers in a city, town, etc.;
the general drainage of a city or town by means of sewers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The material collected in, and discharged
by, sewers.</def> [In this sense <i>sewage</i> is preferable and
common.]</p>

<p><hw>Sew"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sewen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sew"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or occupation of one who sews.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is sewed with the
needle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sewing horse</b></col> <i>(Harness making)</i>, <cd>a
clamp, operated by the foot, for holding pieces of leather while being
sewed.</cd> -- <col><b>Sewing machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine for
sewing or stitching.</cd> -- <col><b>Sewing press</b></col>, or
<col><b>Sewing table</b></col> <i>(Bookbinding)</i>, <cd>a fixture or
table having a frame in which are held the cords to which the back
edges of folded sheets are sewed to form a book.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sew"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
seamstress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex-</hw> (?). [L. <i>sex</i> six. See <u>Six</u>.] <def>A
combining form meaning <i>six</i>; as, <i>sex</i>digitism;
<i>sex</i>ennial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sexus</i>: cf. F.
<i>sexe</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The distinguishing peculiarity
of male or female in both animals and plants; the physical difference
between male and female; the assemblage of properties or qualities by
which male is distinguished from female.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the two divisions of organic beings
formed on the distinction of male and female.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
capability in plants of fertilizing or of being fertilized; as,
staminate and pistillate flowers are of opposite <i>sexes</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the groups founded on this
distinction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The sex</b></col>, <cd>the female sex; women, in
general.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sex`a*ge*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sexagenary</u>.] <def>A person who is sixty years old.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex*ag"e*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sexagenarius</i>, fr. <i>sexageni</i> sixty each, akin to
<i>sexaginta</i> sixty, <i>sex</i> six: cf. <i>sexag&eacute;naire</i>.
See <u>Six</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or designating, the number sixty;
poceeding by sixties; sixty years old.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sexagenary arithmetic</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Sexagesimal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sexagenary</b></col>, or
<col><b>Sexagesimal</b></col>, <col><b>scale</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>a scale of numbers in which the modulus is sixty. It is used in
treating the divisions of the circle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sex*ag"e*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something composed of sixty parts or divisions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sexagenarian.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sex`a*ges"i*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fem. of
<i>sexagesimus</i> sixtieth, fr. <i>sexaginta</i> sixty.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The second Sunday before Lent; -- so called as
being about the sixtieth day before Easter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex`a*ges"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sexag&eacute;simal</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or founded on, the
number sixty.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sexagesimal fractions</b></col> or
<col><b>numbers</b></col> <i>(Arith. &amp; Alg.)</i>, <cd>those fractions
whose denominators are some power of sixty; as, &frac1x60;,
&frac1x3600;, &frac1x216000;; -- called also <i>astronomical
fractions</i>, because formerly there were no others used in
astronomical calculations.</cd> -- <col><b>Sexagesimal</b></col>, or
<col><b>Sexagenary</b></col>, <col><b>arithmetic</b></col>, <cd>the
method of computing by the sexagenary scale, or by sixties.</cd> --
<col><b>Sexagesimal scale</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the sexagenary
scale.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sex`a*ges"i*mal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sexagesimal
fraction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"an`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sexangulus</i>
sexangular; <i>sex</i> six + <i>angulus</i> angle: cf. F.
<i>sexangle</i>.  Cf. <u>Hexangular</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
hexagon.</def> [R.]  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sex"an`gled</hw> (?), <hw>Sex*an"gu*lar</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>sexangulaire</i>.] <def>Having six
angles; hexagonal.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex*an"gu*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Hexagonally.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sex*av"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sexivalent</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sex*dig"it*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> +
<i>digit</i>.] <def>The state of having six fingers on a hand, or six
toes on a foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex*dig"it*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has six
fingers on a hand, or six toes on a foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sexed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to sex;
having sex; distinctively male of female; as, the <i>sexed</i>
condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"e*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Proceeding by
sixes; sextuple; -- applied especially to a system of arithmetical
computation in which the base is six.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex*en"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sexennium</i> a period of six years, <i>sexennis</i> of six years;
<i>sex</i> six + <i>annus</i> a year. See <u>Six</u>, and
<u>Annual</u>.] <def>Lasting six years, or happening once in six
years.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sexennial event.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex*en"ni*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once in six
years.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sex"fid</hw> (?), <hw>Sex"i*fid</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> + root of L. <i>findere</i> to
split: cf. F. <i>sexfide</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Six-cleft; as, a
<i>sexfid</i> calyx or nectary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex`i*syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> +
<i>syllabic</i>.] <def>Having six syllables.</def>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex"i*syl`la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> +
<i>syllable</i>.] <def>A word of six syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex*iv"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> + L.
<i>valens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Valence</u>.] <i>(hem.)</i>
<def>Hexavalent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sex"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
sex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex`loc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> +
<i>locular</i>: cf. F. <i>sexloculaire</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
six cells for seeds; six-celled; as, a <i>sexlocular</i>
pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
sex.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Should I ascribe any of these things unto myself or my
<i>sexly</i> weakness, I were not worthy to live.</blockquote>
<i>Queen Elizabeth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex*ra"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sex-</i> +
<i>radiate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having six rays; -- said of
certain sponge spicules. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Spicule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sext</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sexta</i>, fem. of
<i>sextus</i> sixtt, fr. <i>sex</i> six: cf. F. <i>sexte</i>.]
<i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The office for the sixth
canonical hour, being a part of the Breviary.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sixth book of the decretals, added by
Pope Boniface VIII.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"tain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sextus</i> sixth,
fr. <i>sex</i> six: cf. It. <i>sestina</i>.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A
stanza of six lines; a sestine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sex"tans</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Sextant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A Roman
coin, the sixth part of an as.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A constellation on the
equator south of Leo; the Sextant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sextans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, the sixth part of an as, fr. <i>sextus</i> sixth,
<i>sex</i> six. See <u>Six</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>The sixth part of a circle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for measuring angular
distances between objects, -- used esp. at sea, for ascertaining the
latitude and longitude. It is constructed on the same optical
principle as Hadley's quadrant, but usually of metal, with a nicer
graduation, telescopic sight, and its arc the sixth, and sometimes the
third, part of a circle. See <u>Quadrant</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The constellation
Sextans.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Box sextant</b></col>, <cd>a small sextant inclosed in a
cylindrical case to make it more portable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sextaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sextarius</i> the sixth part
of a measure, weight, etc., fr. <i>sextus</i> sixth, <i>sex</i> six.]
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An ancient Roman liquid and dry measure,
about equal to an English pint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>sextonry</i>.]
<def>A sacristy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sex*tet"</hw> (?), <hw>Sex*tet"to</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See <u>Sestet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"teyn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sacristan.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sextus</i>
sixth.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of the sixth degree or order.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A quantic of the sixth
degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sextil</i>, fr.
L. <i>sextus</i> the sixth, from <i>sex</i> six. See <u>Six</u>.]
<i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Measured by sixty degrees; fixed or indicated by
a distance of sixty degrees.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex"tile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. aspect
<i>sextil</i>.] <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The aspect or position of two
planets when distant from each other sixty degrees, or two signs. This
position is marked thus: &8star;.</def>  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex*til"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed (in
imitation of <i>million</i>) fr. L. <i>sextus</i> sixth, <i>sex</i>
six: cf. F. <i>sextilion</i>.] <def>According to the method of
numeration (which is followed also in the United States), the number
expressed by a unit with twenty-one ciphers annexed. According to the
English method, a million raised to the sixth power, or the number
expressed by a unit with thirty-six ciphers annexed. See
<u>Numeration</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sextos</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sextus</i> sixth.] <def>A book
consisting of sheets each of which is folded into six
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex`to*dec"i*mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sextus-
decimus</i> the sixteenth; <i>sextus</i> the sixth (fr. <i>sex</i>
six) + <i>decimus</i> the tenth, from <i>decem</i> ten. See <u>-
mo</u>.] <def>Having sixteen leaves to a sheet; of, or equal to, the
size of one fold of a sheet of printing paper when folded so as to
make sixteen leaves, or thirty-two pages; as, a <i>sextodecimo</i>
volume.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex`to*dec"imo</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sextodecimos</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A book composed of sheets
each of which is folded into sixteen leaves; hence, indicating, more
or less definitely, a size of a book; -- usually written 16mo, or
16&deg;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"to*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
double triplet; a group of six equal notes played in the time of
four.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sextein</i>,
contr. fr. <i>sacristan</i>.] <def>An under officer of a church, whose
business is to take care of the church building and the vessels,
vestments, etc., belonging to the church, to attend on the officiating
clergyman, and to perform other duties pertaining to the church, such
as to dig graves, ring the bell, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sexton beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a burying
beetle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ton*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female sexton; a
sexton's wife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ton*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sextonship.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ld. Bernes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex"ton*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
sexton.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sacristy</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sex"tu*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Formed (in imitation
of <i>quadruple</i>) fr. L. <i>sextus</i> sixth: cf. F.
<i>sextuple</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Six times as much;
sixfold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Divisible by six; having six
beats; as, <i>sixtuple</i> measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sexualis</i>,
fr. <i>sexus</i> sex: cf. F. <i>sexuel</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
sex, or the sexes; distinguishing sex; peculiar to the distinction and
office of male or female; relating to the distinctive genital organs
of the sexes; proceeding from, or based upon, sex; as, <i>sexual</i>
characteristics; <i>sexual</i> intercourse, connection, or commerce;
<i>sexual</i> desire; <i>sexual</i> diseases; <i>sexual</i>
generation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sexual dimorphism</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the
condition of having one of the sexes existing in two forms, or
varieties, differing in color, size, etc., as in many species of
butterflies which have two kinds of females.</cd> -- <col><b>Sexual
method</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a method of classification
proposed by Linn&aelig;us, founded mainly on difference in number and
position of the stamens and pistils of plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Sexual
selection</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>the selective preference of
one sex for certain characteristics in the other, such as bright
colors, musical notes, etc.; also, the selection which results from
certain individuals of one sex having more opportunities of pairing
with the other sex, on account of greater activity, strength, courage,
etc.; applied likewise to that kind of evolution which results from
such sexual preferences.</cd> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In these cases, therefore, natural selection seems to
have acted independently of <i>sexual selection</i>.</blockquote>
<i>A. R. Wallace.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Sex"u*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One
who classifies plants by the sexual method of Linn&aelig;us.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex`u*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being distinguished by sex.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sex"u*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
attribute sex to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sex"u*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sexual
manner or relation.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sey</hw> (?), <hw>Seyh</hw> (?) }, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.
sing. &amp; 2d pers. pl.</i></pos> of <u>See</u>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Seye</hw> (?), <hw>Seyen</hw> (?) }, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.
pl. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of <u>See</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seynd</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Senge</u>, to singe.</def>  <i> Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seynt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gridle. See 1st
<u>Seint</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Sfor*zan"do</hw> (?), <hw>||Sfor*za"to</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It. <i>sforzando</i>, p. pr., and
<i>sforzato</i>, p. p. of <i>sforzare</i> to force.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Forcing or forced; -- a direction placed over a note, to signify
that it must be executed with peculiar emphasis and force; -- marked
<i>fz</i> (an abbreviation of <i>forzando</i>), <i>sf</i>, <i>sfz</i>,
or &?;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sfu*ma"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Having vague outlines, and colors and shades so
mingled as to give a misty appearance; -- said of a
painting.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sgraf*fi"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Scratched; -- said of decorative painting of a
certain style, in which a white overland surface is cut or scratched
through, so as to form the design from a dark ground
underneath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shab</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shabbe</i>, AS.
<i>sc&?;b</i>. See <u>Scab</u>.] <def>The itch in animals; also, a
scab.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shab</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shabbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shabbing</u>.] [See <u>Scab</u>, 3.] <def>To play mean tricks; to
act shabbily.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shab</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To scratch; to
rub.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Farquhar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shab"bed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shabby.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shab"bi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shabby
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shab"bi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sghabby.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shab"ble</hw> (?), <hw>Shab"ble</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Cf. D. <i>sabel</i>, and G. <i>s&auml;bel</i>.]
<def>A kind of crooked sword or hanger.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Shab"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shabbier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shabbiest</u>.] [See <u>Shab</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Scabby</u>, and <u>Scab</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Torn or worn to rage; poor; mean;
ragged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wearing <i>shabby</i> coats and dirty
shirts.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Clothed with ragged, much worn, or soiled
garments.</def> "The dean was so <i>shabby</i>."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mean; paltry; despicable; as, <i>shabby</i>
treatment.</def> "Very <i>shabby</i> fellows."  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Shab"rack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>tsh&amacr;pr&amacr;k</i>, whence F. <i>chabraque</i>, G.
<i>shabracke</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The saddlecloth or housing of a
cavalry horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shack</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Prov. E., to shake, to
shed. See <u>Shake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shed or fall, as
corn or grain at harvest.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feed in stubble, or upon waste
corn.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wander as a vagabond or a tramp.</def>
[Prev.Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot. <i>shag</i> refuse
of barley or oats.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The grain left after
harvest or gleaning; also, nuts which have fallen to the ground.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liberty of winter pasturage.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shiftless fellow; a low, itinerant
beggar; a vagabond; a tramp.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U.S.]
<i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the poor old <i>shacks</i> about the town found a
friend in Deacon Marble.</blockquote> <i>H. W. Beecher.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Common of shack</b></col> <i>(Eng.Law)</i>, <cd>the right
of persons occupying lands lying together in the same common field to
turn out their cattle to range in it after harvest.</cd>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shack"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
hound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shac"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stubble.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Pegge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shac"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Generally used in the
plural.] [OE. <i>schakkyll</i>, <i>schakle</i>, AS. <i>scacul</i>,
<i>sceacul</i>, a shackle, fr. <i>scacan</i> to shake; cf. D.
<i>schakel</i> a link of a chain, a mesh, Icel. <i>sk&ouml;kull</i>
the pole of a cart. See <u>Shake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something which confines the legs or arms so as to prevent their
free motion; specifically, a ring or band inclosing the ankle or
wrist, and fastened to a similar shackle on the other leg or arm, or
to something else, by a chain or a strap; a gyve; a fetter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>shackles</i> empty left; himself escaped
clean.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, that which checks or prevents free
action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His very will seems to be in bonds and
<i>shackles</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fetterlike band worn as an
ornament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most of the men and women . . . had all earrings made
of gold, and gold <i>shackles</i> about their legs and
arms.</blockquote> <i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A link or loop, as in a chain, fitted with
a movable bolt, so that the parts can be separated, or the loop
removed; a clevis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A link for connecting railroad cars; --
called also <i>drawlink</i>, <i>draglink</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The hinged and curved bar of a padlock, by
which it is hung to the staple.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shackle joint</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a joint formed
by a bony ring passing through a hole in a bone, as at the bases of
spines in some fishes.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1321 !></p>

<p><hw>Shac"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shackled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shackling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tie or confine the limbs
of, so as to prevent free motion; to bind with shackles; to fetter; to
chain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To lead him <i>shackled</i>, and exposed to scorn<BR>
Of gathering crowds, the Britons' boasted chief.</blockquote> <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: To bind or confine so as to
prevent or embarrass action; to impede; to cumber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shackled</i> by her devotion to the king, she seldom
could pursue that object.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To join by a link or chain, as railroad
cars.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Shackle bar</b></col>, <cd>the coupling between a
locomotive and its tender.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Shackle
bolt</b></col>, <cd>a shackle.</cd>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shack"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sort of
shackle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shack"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaky; rickety.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shad</hw> (sh&abreve;d), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sceadda</i> a kind of fish, akin to Prov. G. <i>schade</i>; cf. Ir.
& Gael. <i>sgadan</i> a herring, W. <i>ysgadan</i> herrings; all
perhaps akin to E. <i>skate</i> a fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of several species of food fishes of the Herring family. The
American species (<i>Clupea sapidissima</i>), which is abundant on the
Atlantic coast and ascends the larger rivers in spring to spawn, is an
important market fish. The European allice shad, or alose (<i>C.
alosa</i>), and the twaite shad. (<i>C. finta</i>), are less important
species.</def> [Written also <i>chad</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The name is loosely applied, also, to several other fishes,
as the gizzard shad (see under <u>Gizzard</u>), called also <i>mud
shad</i>, <i>white-eyed shad</i>, and <i>winter shad</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Hardboaded</b></col>, or <col><b>Yellow-tailed</b></col>,
<col><b>shad</b></col>, <cd>the menhaden.</cd> --
<col><b>Hickory</b></col>, or <col><b>Tailor</b></col>,
<col><b>shad</b></col>, <cd>the mattowacca.</cd> -- <col><b>Long-boned
shad</b></col>, <cd>one of several species of important food fishes of
the Bermudas and the West Indies, of the genus <i>Gerres</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shad bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to the
North American shrubs or small trees of the rosaceous genus
<i>Amelanchier</i> (<i>A. Canadensis</i>, and <i>A. alnifolia</i>)
Their white racemose blossoms open in April or May, when the shad
appear, and the edible berries (pomes) ripen in June or July, whence
they are called <i>Juneberries</i>. The plant is also called
<i>service tree</i>, and <i>Juneberry</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shad
frog</b></col>, <cd>an American spotted frog (<i>Rana halecina</i>); -
- so called because it usually appears at the time when the shad begin
to run in the rivers.</cd> -- <col><b>Trout shad</b></col>, <cd>the
squeteague.</cd> -- <col><b>White shad</b></col>, <cd>the common
shad.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shad"bird`</hw> (sh&abreve;d"b&etilde;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The American, or
Wilson's, snipe. See under <u>Snipe</u>. So called because it appears
at the same time as the shad.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
common European sandpiper.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shadd</hw> (sh&abreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining.)</i>
<def>Rounded stones containing tin ore, lying at the surface of the
ground, and indicating a vein.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shad"de</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Shed</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shad"dock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be so called
from a Captain <i>Shaddock</i>, who first brought this fruit from the
East Indies.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree (<i>Citrus decumana</i>) and
its fruit, which is a large species of orange; -- called also
<i>forbidden fruit</i>, and <i>pompelmous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shade</hw> (sh&amacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>shade</i>, <i>shadewe</i>, <i>schadewe</i>, AS. <i>sceadu</i>,
<i>scead</i>; akin to OS. <i>skado</i>, D. <i>schaduw</i>, OHG.
<i>scato</i>, (gen. <i>scatewes</i>), G. <i>schatten</i>, Goth.
<i>skadus</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>sgath</i>, and probably to Gr.
<grk>sko`tos</grk> darkness.  &radic;162.  Cf. <u>Shadow</u>,
<u>Shed</u> a hat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Comparative obscurity
owing to interception or interruption of the rays of light; partial
darkness caused by the intervention of something between the space
contemplated and the source of light.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shade</i> differs from <i>shadow</i> as it implies no
particular form or definite limit; whereas a <i>shadow</i> represents
in form the object which intercepts the light. When we speak of the
<i>shade</i> of a tree, we have no reference to its form; but when we
speak of measuring a pyramid or other object by its <i>shadow</i>, we
have reference to its form and extent.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Darkness; obscurity; -- often in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shades</i> of night were falling
fast.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An obscure place; a spot not exposed to
light; hence, a secluded retreat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us seek out some desolate <i>shade</i>, and
there<BR>
Weep our sad bosoms empty.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which intercepts, or shelters from,
light or the direct rays of the sun; hence, also, that which protects
from heat or currents of air; a screen; protection; shelter; cover;
as, a lamp <i>shade</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord is thy <i>shade</i> upon thy right
hand.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxi. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sleep under a fresh tree's <i>shade</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the arched knife well sharpened now assail the
spreading <i>shades</i> of vegetables.</blockquote> <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Shadow.</def> [Poetic.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Envy will merit, as its <i>shade</i>,
pursue.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The soul after its separation from the
body; -- so called because the ancients it to be perceptible to the
sight, though not to the touch; a spirit; a ghost; as, the
<i>shades</i> of departed heroes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Swift as thought the flitting <i>shade</i><BR>
Thro' air his momentary journey made.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Painting, Drawing, etc.)</i> <def>The darker
portion of a picture; a less illuminated part. See Def. 1,
above.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Degree or variation of color, as darker or
lighter, stronger or paler; as, a delicate <i>shade</i> of
pink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>White, red, yellow, blue, with their several degrees,
or <i>shades</i> and mixtures, as green only in by the
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A minute difference or variation, as of
thought, belief, expression, etc.; also, the quality or degree of
anything which is distinguished from others similar by slight
differences; as, the <i>shades</i> of meaning in synonyms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>New <i>shades</i> and combinations of
thought.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>shade</i> of religious and political opinion
has its own headquarters.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The Shades</b></col>, <cd>the Nether World; the supposed
abode of souls after leaving the body.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shade</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shading</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shelter or screen by
intercepting the rays of light; to keep off illumination from.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I went to crop the sylvan scenes,<BR>
And <i>shade</i> our altars with their leafy greens.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shelter; to cover from injury; to
protect; to screen; to hide; as, to <i>shade</i> one's eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere in our own house I do <i>shade</i> my
head.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To obscure; to dim the brightness
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>shad'st</i><BR>
The full blaze of thy beams.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pain in obscure colors; to
darken.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To mark with gradations of light or
color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To present a shadow or image of; to shadow
forth; to represent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[The goddess] in her person cunningly did
<i>shade</i><BR>
That part of Justice which is Equity.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shade"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of shade;
shady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shade"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without shade;
not shaded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, shades.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shady
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being shady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act
or process of making a shade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That filling up which represents the effect
of more or less darkness, expressing rotundity, projection, etc., in a
picture or a drawing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sha*doof"</hw> (sh&adot;*d&oomac;f"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Ar. <i>sh&amacr;d&umacr;f</i>.] <def>A machine, resembling a well
sweep, used in Egypt for raising water from the Nile for
irrigation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow</hw> (sh&abreve;d"&osl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Originally the same word as <i>shade</i>. &radic;162. See
<u>Shade</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shade within defined limits;
obscurity or deprivation of light, apparent on a surface, and
representing the form of the body which intercepts the rays of light;
as, the <i>shadow</i> of a man, of a tree, or of a tower. See the Note
under <u>Shade</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Darkness; shade; obscurity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Night's sable <i>shadows</i> from the ocean
rise.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shaded place; shelter; protection;
security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In secret <i>shadow</i> from the sunny ray,<BR>
On a sweet bed of lilies softly laid.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A reflected image, as in a mirror or in
water.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which follows or attends a person or
thing like a shadow; an inseparable companion; hence, an obsequious
follower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sin and her <i>shadow</i> Death.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A spirit; a ghost; a shade; a
phantom.</def> "Hence, horrible <i>shadow</i>!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An imperfect and faint representation;
adumbration; indistinct image; dim bodying forth; hence, mystical
representation; type.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law having a <i>shadow</i> of good things to
come.</blockquote> <i>Heb. x. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Types] and <i>shadows</i> of that destined
seed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A small degree; a shade.</def> "No
variableness, neither <i>shadow</i> of turning."  <i>James i.
17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>An uninvited guest coming with one who is
invited.</def> [A Latinism]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I must not have my board pastered with
<i>shadows</i><BR>
That under other men's protection break in<BR>
Without invitement.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shadow of death</b></col>, <cd>darkness or gloom like that
caused by the presence or the impending of death.</cd>  <i>Ps. xxiii.
4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shadowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shadowing</u>.] [OE. <i>shadowen</i>, AS. <i>sceadwian</i>. See
<u>adow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut off
light from; to put in shade; to shade; to throw a shadow upon; to
overspead with obscurity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The warlike elf much wondered at this tree,<BR>
So fair and great, that <i>shadowed</i> all the ground.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To conceal; to hide; to screen.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let every soldier hew him down a bough.<BR>
And bear't before him; thereby shall we <i>shadow</i><BR>
The numbers of our host.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To protect; to shelter from danger; to
shroud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shadowing</i> their right under your wings of
war.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mark with gradations of light or color;
to shade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To represent faintly or imperfectly; to
adumbrate; hence, to represent typically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Augustus is <i>shadowed</i> in the person of
&AElig;neas.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cloud; to darken; to cast a gloom
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shadowed</i> livery of the burnished
sun.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why sad?<BR>
I must not see the face O love thus <i>shadowed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To attend as closely as a shadow; to follow
and watch closely, especially in a secret or unobserved manner; as, a
detective <i>shadows</i> a criminal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being shadowy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Shade, or gradation of light and color; shading.</def>
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A faint representation; an
adumbration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are . . . in savage theology <i>shadowings</i>,
quaint or majestic, of the conception of a Supreme Deity.</blockquote>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shadowy;
vague.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
shadow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"ow*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of shade or shadows; causing shade or shadow.</def>
"<i>Shadowy</i> verdure."  <i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>shadowy</i> desert, unfrequented
woods.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, dark; obscure; gloomy; dim.</def>
"The <i>shadowy</i> past."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not brightly luminous; faintly
light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moon . . . with more pleasing light,<BR>
<i>Shadowy</i> sets off the face things.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Faintly representative; hence,
typical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>shadowy</i> types to truth, from flesh to
spirit.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Unsubstantial; unreal; as, <i>shadowy</i>
honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Milton has brought into his poems two actors of a
<i>shadowy</i><BR>
and fictitious nature, in the persons of Sin and Death.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sha"drach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A
mass of iron on which the operation of smelting has failed of its
intended effect; -- so called from <i>Shadrach</i>, one of the three
Hebrews who came forth unharmed from the fiery furnace of
Nebuchadnezzar. (See <i>Dan. iii. 26, 27.</i>)</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"-spir`it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shadbird</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd></def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"-wait`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lake whitefish; the roundfish. See
<u>Roundfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shad"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shadier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shadiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding in shade or shades; overspread with shade; causing
shade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shady</i> trees cover him with their
shadow.</blockquote> <i>Job. xl. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And Amaryllis fills the <i>shady</i>
groves.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sheltered from the glare of light or sultry
heat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cast it also that you may have rooms <i>shady</i> for
summer and warm for winter.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to shade or darkness;
hence, unfit to be seen or known; equivocal; dubious or corrupt.</def>
[Colloq.] "A <i>shady</i> business."  <i>London Sat. Rev.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shady</i> characters, disreputable,
criminal.</blockquote> <i>London Spectator.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On the shady side of</b></col>, <cd>on the thither side of;
as, <i>on the shady side of</i> fifty; that is, more than fifty.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>To keep shady</b></col>, <cd>to stay in
concealment; also, to be reticent.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Shaf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Shuffle</u>.] <def>To hobble or limp; to shuffle.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shaf"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hobbler; one
who limps; a shuffer.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sha"fi*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of one
of the four sects of the Sunnites, or Orthodox Mohammedans; -- so
called from its founder, Mohammed al-<i>Shafe&iuml;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shaft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shaft</i>,
<i>schaft</i>, AS. <i>sceaft</i>; akin to D. <i>schacht</i>, OHG.
<i>scaft</i>, G. <i>schaft</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>skaft</i> handle, haft,
Icel. <i>skapt</i>, and probably to L. <i>scapus</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, a staff. Probably originally, a shaven or
smoothed rod.  Cf. <u>Scape</u>, <u>Scepter</u>, <u>Shave</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The slender, smooth stem of an arrow; hence,
an arrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His sleep, his meat, his drink, is him bereft,<BR>
That lean he wax, and dry as is a <i>shaft</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>shaft</i> hath three principal parts, the stele
[stale], the feathers, and the head.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The long handle of a spear or similar
weapon; hence, the weapon itself; (Fig.) anything regarded as a shaft
to be thrown or darted; as, <i>shafts</i> of light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the thunder,<BR>
Winged with red lightning and impetuous rage,<BR>
Perhaps hath spent his <i>shafts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some kinds of literary pursuits . . . have been
attacked with all the <i>shafts</i> of ridicule.</blockquote> <i>V.
Knox.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles in some degree the
stem or handle of an arrow or a spear; a long, slender part,
especially when cylindrical.</def> Specifically: (a) <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The trunk, stem, or stalk of a plant.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The stem or midrib of a feather.</def> See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Feather</u>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The pole,
or tongue, of a vehicle; also, a thill.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>The part of a candlestick which supports its branches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt make a candlestick of pure gold . . . his
<i>shaft</i>, and his branches, his bowls, his knops, and his flowers,
shall be of the same.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxv. 31.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The handle or helve of certain tools,
instruments, etc., as a hammer, a whip, etc.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
<def>A pole, especially a Maypole.</def> [Obs.] <i>Stow.</i>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The body of a column; the
cylindrical pillar between the capital and base (see <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Column</u>). Also, the part of a chimney above the roof. Also, the
spire of a steeple.</def> [Obs. or R.] <i>Gwilt.</i>
<sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>A column, an obelisk, or other spire-shaped
or columnar monument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid time and nature gently spare<BR>
The <i>shaft</i> we raise to thee.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A rod at the end of a
heddle.</def> <sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A solid or
hollow cylinder or bar, having one or more journals on which it rests
and revolves, and intended to carry one or more wheels or other
revolving parts and to transmit power or motion; as, the <i>shaft</i>
of a steam engine.</def> See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Countershaft</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A humming bird
(<i>Thaumastura cora</i>) having two of the tail feathers next to the
middle ones very long in the male; -- called also <i>cora humming
bird</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Cf. G. <i>schacht</i>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
well-like excavation in the earth, perpendicular or nearly so, made
for reaching and raising ore, for raising water, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A long passage for the admission or outlet
of air; an air shaft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The chamber of a blast furnace.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Line shaft</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a main shaft of
considerable length, in a shop or factory, usually bearing a number of
pulleys by which machines are driven, commonly by means of
countershafts; -- called also <i>line</i>, or <i>main line</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Shaft alley</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a passage
extending from the engine room to the stern, and containing the
propeller shaft.</cd> -- <col><b>Shaft furnace</b></col>
<i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a furnace, in the form of a chimney, which is
charged at the top and tapped at the bottom.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shaft"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with a shaft, or with shafts; as, a <i>shafted</i>
arch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having a shaft; -- applied to
a spear when the head and the shaft are of different
tinctures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shaft"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>Shafts, collectivelly; a system of connected shafts for
communicating motion.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shaft"man</hw> (?), <hw>Shaft"ment</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceaftmund</i>.] <def>A measure of about
six inches.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 1322 !></p>

<p><hw>Shag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceacga</i> a bush
of hair; akin to Icel. <i>skegg</i> the beard, Sw. <i>sk&auml;gg</i>,
Dan. <i>skj&?;g</i>.  Cf. <u>Schock</u> of hair.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Coarse hair or nap; rough, woolly hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>True Witney broadcloth, with its <i>shag</i>
unshorn.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cloth having a long, coarse
nap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A kind of prepared tobacco
cut fine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
cormorant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shag</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hairy; shaggy.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shagging</u>.] <def>To make hairy or shaggy; hence, to make
rough.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shag</i> the green zone that bounds the boreal
skies.</blockquote> <i>J. Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shag"bark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
rough-barked species of hickory (<i>Carya alba</i>), its nut. Called
also <i>shellbark</i>. See <u>Hickory</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The West Indian <i>Pithecolobium micradenium</i>, a legiminous
tree with a red coiled-up pod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shage"bush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sackbut.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shag"ged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaggy;
rough.</def> <i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Shag"ged*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shag"gi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being shaggy; roughness; shaggedness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shaggier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shaggiest</u>.] [From <u>Shag</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Rough with long hair or wool.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>About his shoulders hangs the <i>shaggy</i>
skin.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rough; rugged; jaggy.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[A rill] that winds unseen beneath the <i>shaggy</i>
fell.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shag"-haired`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having shaggy
hair.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shag"-rag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The unkempt and
ragged part of the community.</def> [Colloq. or Slang.]  <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sha*green"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
chagrin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sha*green"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chagrin</i>, It.
<i>zigrino</i>, fr. Turk. <i>saghri</i> the back of a horse or other
beast of burden, shagreen.  Cf. <u>Chagrin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A kind of untanned leather prepared in Russia and the East, from
the skins of horses, asses, and camels, and grained so as to be
covered with small round granulations. This characteristic surface is
produced by pressing small seeds into the grain or hair side when
moist, and afterward, when dry, scraping off the roughness left
between them, and then, by soaking, causing the portions of the skin
which had been compressed or indented by the seeds to swell up into
relief. It is used for covering small cases and boxes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The skin of various small sharks and other
fishes when having small, rough, bony scales. The dogfishes of the
genus <i>Scyllium</i> furnish a large part of that used in the
arts.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sha*green"</hw> (?), <hw>Sha*greened"</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made or covered with the
leather called shagreen.</def> "A <i>shagreen</i> case of lancets."
<i>T. Hook.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Covered with rough
scales or points like those on shagreen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shah</hw> (sh&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>sh&amacr;h</i> a king, sovereign, prince.  Cf. <u>Checkmate</u>,
<u>Chess</u>, <u>Pasha</u>.] <def>The title of the supreme ruler in
certain Eastern countries, especially Persia.</def> [Written also
<i>schah</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Shah Nameh</b></col>. [Per., Book of Kings.] <cd>A
celebrated historical poem written by Firdousi, being the most ancient
in the modern Persian language.</cd>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sha*hin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>sh&amacr;h&imacr;n</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large and swift
Asiatic falcon (<i>Falco pregrinator</i>) highly valued in
falconry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shaik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sheik</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shail</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>sceolh</i>
squinting, Icel. <i>skj&amacr;gr</i> wry, oblique, Dan. <i>skele</i>
to squint.] <def>To walk sidewise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shake</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shake</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shake</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Shook</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Shaken</u> (?),
(<u>Shook</u>, obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shaking</u>.] [OE. <i>shaken</i>, <i>schaken</i>, AS.
<i>scacan</i>, <i>sceacan</i>; akin to Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>skaka</i>, OS.
<i>skakan</i>, to depart, to flee. &radic;161.  Cf. <u>Shock</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to move with
quick or violent vibrations; to move rapidly one way and the other; to
make to tremble or shiver; to agitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is
<i>shaken</i> of a mighty wind.</blockquote> <i>Rev. vi. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ascend my chariot; guide the rapid wheels<BR>
That <i>shake</i> heaven's basis.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To move from firmness; to weaken the
stability of; to cause to waver; to impair the resolution
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When his doctrines grew too strong to be <i>shook</i>
by his enemies, they persecuted his reputation.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy equal fear that my firm faith and love<BR>
Can by his fraud be <i>shaken</i> or seduced.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To give a tremulous tone to;
to trill; as, to <i>shake</i> a note in music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move or remove by agitating; to throw
off by a jolting or vibrating motion; to rid one's self of; --
generally with an adverb, as <i>off</i>, <i>out</i>, etc.; as, to
<i>shake</i> fruit down from a tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shake</i> off the golden slumber of
repose.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis our fast intent<BR>
To <i>shake</i> all cares and business from our age.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I could scarcely <i>shake</i> him out of my
company.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To shake a cask</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to knock a
cask to pieces and pack the staves.</cd> -- <col><b>To shake
hands</b></col>, <cd>to perform the customary act of civility by
clasping and moving hands, as an expression of greeting, farewell,
good will, agreement, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To shake out a
reef</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to untile the reef points and
spread more canvas.</cd> -- <col><b>To shake the bells</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Bell</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To shake the
sails</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to luff up in the wind, causing
the sails to shiver.</cd> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be agitated with a
waving or vibratory motion; to tremble; to shiver; to quake; to
totter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under his burning wheels<BR>
The steadfast empyrean <i>shook</i> throughout,<BR>
All but the throne itself of God.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What danger? Who 's that that <i>shakes</i> behind
there?</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shaking piece</b></col>, <cd>a name given by butchers to
the piece of beef cut from the under side of the neck. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Beef</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shake</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or result of shaking; a vacillating or wavering motion; a
rapid motion one way and other; a trembling, quaking, or shivering;
agitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great soldier's honor was composed<BR>
Of thicker stuff, which could endure a <i>shake</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our salutations were very hearty on both sides,
consisting of many kind <i>shakes</i> of the hand.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fissure or crack in timber, caused by its
being dried too suddenly.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fissure in rock or earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A rapid alternation of a
principal tone with another represented on the next degree of the
staff above or below it; a trill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of the staves of a
hogshead or barrel taken apart.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A shook of staves and headings.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The redshank; -- so
called from the nodding of its head while on the ground.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>No great shakes</b></col>, <cd>of no great importance.</cd>
[Slang] <i>Byron.</i> -- <col><b>The shakes</b></col>, <cd>the fever
and ague.</cd> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shake"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A temporary
substitute for a bed, as one made on the floor or on chairs; --
perhaps originally from the shaking down of straw for this
purpose.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shake"fork`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fork for
shaking hay; a pitchfork.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shak"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Caused to shake; agitated; as, a <i>shaken</i> bough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cracked or checked; split. See
<u>Shake</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor is the wood <i>shaken</i> or twisted.</blockquote>
<i>Barroe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Impaired, as by a shock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person or thing that shakes, or by means of which something is
shaken.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a religious sect who do not marry,
popularly so called from the movements of the members in dancing,
which forms a part of their worship.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The sect originated in England in 1747, and came to the
United States in 1774, under the leadership of Mother Ann Lee. The
Shakers are sometimes nicknamed <i>Shaking Quakers</i>, but they
differ from the Quakers in doctrine and practice. They style
themselves the "United Society of Believers in Christ's Second
Appearing." The sect is now confined in the United States.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of
pigeon.</def>  <i>P. J. Selby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shak"er*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
Shaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shak"er*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Doctrines of
the Shakers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shake*spear"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or in the style of, Shakespeare or his works.</def>
[Written also <i>Shakespearian</i>, <i>Shakspearean</i>,
<i>Shakspearian</i>, <i>Shaksperean</i>, <i>Shaksperian</i>.etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Shak"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being shaky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shak"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Deck sweepings, refuse of cordage, canvas, etc.</def>  <i>Ham.
Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shak"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hung.
<i>cs&aacute;k&oacute;</i>: cf. F. <i>shako</i>, <i>schako</i>.]
<def>A kind of military cap or headdress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shakier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shakiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Shaking or trembling; as, a <i>shaky</i> spot in a marsh; a
<i>shaky</i> hand.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of shakes or cracks; cracked; as,
<i>shaky</i> timber.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Easily shaken; tottering; unsound; as, a
<i>shaky</i> constitution; <i>shaky</i> business credit.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Shale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scealy</i>,
<i>scalu</i>. See <u>Scalme</u>, and cf. <u>Shell</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shell or husk; a cod or pod.</def> "The
green <i>shales</i> of a bean."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [G. <i>shale</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A fine-
grained sedimentary rock of a thin, laminated, and often friable,
structure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bituminous shale</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bituminous</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shale</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take off the shell
or coat of; to shell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Life, in its upper grades, was bursting its shell, or
was <i>shaling</i> off its husk.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shall</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; auxiliary.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Should</u> (?).] [OE. <i>shal</i>,
<i>schal</i>, imp. <i>sholde</i>, <i>scholde</i>, AS. <i>scal</i>,
<i>sceal</i>, I am obliged, imp. <i>scolde</i>, <i>sceolde</i>, inf.
<i>sculan</i>; akin to OS. <i>skulan</i>, pres. <i>skal</i>, imp.
<i>skolda</i>, D. <i>zullen</i>, pres. <i>zal</i>, imp. <i>zoude</i>,
<i>zou</i>, OHG. <i>solan</i>, <i>scolan</i>, pres. <i>scal</i>,
<i>sol</i>. imp. <i>scolta</i>, <i>solta</i>, G. <i>sollen</i>, pres.
<i>soll</i>, imp. <i>sollte</i>, Icel. <i>skulu</i>, pres.
<i>skal</i>, imp. <i>skyldi</i>, SW. <i>skola</i>, pres. <i>skall</i>,
imp. <i>skulle</i>, Dan. <i>skulle</i>, pres. <i>skal</i>, imp.
<i>skulde</i>, Goth. <i>skulan</i>, pres. <i>skal</i>, imp.
<i>skulda</i>, and to AS. <i>scyld</i> guilt, G. <i>schuld</i> guilt,
fault, debt, and perhaps to L. <i>scelus</i> crime.] [<i>Shall</i> is
defective, having no infinitive, imperative, or participle.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To owe; to be under obligation for.</def>
[Obs.] "By the faith I <i>shall</i> to God"  <i>Court of Love.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be obliged; must.</def> [Obs.] "Me
athinketh [I am sorry] that I <i>shall</i> rehearse it her."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>As an auxiliary, <i>shall</i> indicates a
duty or necessity whose obligation is derived from the person
speaking; as, you <i>shall</i> go; he <i>shall</i> go; that is, I
order or promise your going. It thus ordinarily expresses, in the
second and third persons, a command, a threat, or a promise. If the
auxillary be emphasized, the command is made more imperative, the
promise or that more positive and sure. It is also employed in the
language of prophecy; as, "the day <i>shall</i> come when . . . , "
since a promise or threat and an authoritative prophecy nearly
coincide in significance. In <i>shall</i> with the first person, the
necessity of the action is sometimes implied as residing elsewhere
than in the speaker; as, I <i>shall</i> suffer; we <i>shall</i> see;
and there is always a less distinct and positive assertion of his
volition than is indicated by <i>will</i>. "I <i>shall</i> go" implies
nearly a simple futurity; more exactly, a foretelling or an
expectation of my going, in which, naturally enough, a certain degree
of plan or intention may be included; emphasize the <i>shall</i>, and
the event is described as certain to occur, and the expression
approximates in meaning to our emphatic "I <i>will</i> go." In a
question, the relation of speaker and source of obligation is of
course transferred to the person addressed; as, "<i>Shall</i> you go?"
(answer, "I <i>shall</i> go"); "<i>Shall</i> he go?" <i>i. e.</i>, "Do
you require or promise his going?" (answer, "He <i>shall</i> go".) The
same relation is transferred to either second or third person in such
phrases as "You say, or think, you <i>shall</i> go;" "He says, or
thinks, he <i>shall</i> go."  After a conditional conjunction (as
<i>if</i>, whether) <i>shall</i> is used in all persons to express
futurity simply; as, if I, you, or he <i>shall</i> say they are right.
<i>Should</i> is everywhere used in the same connection and the same
senses as <i>shall</i>, as its imperfect. It also expresses duty or
moral obligation; as, he <i>should</i> do it whether he will or not.
In the early English, and hence in our English Bible, <i>shall</i> is
the auxiliary mainly used, in all the persons, to express simple
futurity. (Cf. <u>Will</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>) <i>Shall</i> may
be used elliptically; thus, with an adverb or other word expressive of
motion <i>go</i> may be omitted.</def> "He to England <i>shall</i>
along with you."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shall</i> and <i>will</i> are often confounded by
inaccurate speakers and writers. Say: I <i>shall</i> be glad to see
you. <i>Shall</i> I do this? <i>Shall</i> I help you? (not <i>Will</i>
I do this?) See <u>Will</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Shal"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Challis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
evergreen shrub (<i>Gaultheria Shallon</i>) of Northwest America;
also, its fruit. See <u>Salal-berry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal*loon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chalon</i>,
from <i>Ch&acirc;lons</i>, in France, where it was first made.] <def>A
thin, loosely woven, twilled worsted stuff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In blue <i>shalloon</i> shall Hannibal be
clad.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shal"lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chaloupe</i>,
probably from D. <i>sloep</i>.  Cf. <u>Sloop</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A boat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[She] thrust the <i>shallop</i> from the floating
strand.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>shallop</i> is applied to boats of all sizes,
from a light canoe up to a large boat with masts and sails.</p>

<p><hw>Shal*lot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>eschalote</i>
(for <i>escalone</i>), F. <i>&eacute;chalote</i>. See <u>Scallion</u>,
and cf. <u>Eschalot</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small kind of onion
(<i>Allium Ascalonicum</i>) growing in clusters, and ready for
gathering in spring; a scallion, or eschalot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shallower</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shallowest</u>.] [OE. <i>schalowe</i>,
probably originally, sloping or shelving; cf. Icel.
<i>skj&amacr;lgr</i> wry, squinting, AS. <i>sceolh</i>, D. &amp; G.
<i>scheel</i>, OHG. <i>schelah</i>.  Cf. <u>Shelve</u> to slope,
<u>Shoal</u> shallow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not deep; having little
depth; shoal.</def> "<i>Shallow</i> brooks, and rivers wide."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not deep in tone.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sound perfecter and not so <i>shallow</i> and
jarring.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not intellectually deep; not profound; not
penetrating deeply; simple; not wise or knowing; ignorant;
superficial; as, a <i>shallow</i> mind; <i>shallow</i>
learning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king was neither so <i>shallow</i>, nor so ill
advertised, as not to perceive the intention of the French
king.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Deep versed in books, and <i>shallow</i> in
himself.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
place in a body of water where the water is not deep; a shoal; a flat;
a shelf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A swift stream is not heard in the channel, but upon
<i>shallows</i> of gravel.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dashed on the <i>shallows</i> of the moving
sand.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The rudd.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shal"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
shallow.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become shallow,
as water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low-bod`ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Having a moderate depth of hold; -- said of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low-brained`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weak in
intellect; foolish; empty-headed.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Shal"low-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
deep feeling.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shallow
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being shallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low-pat`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shallow-
brained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"low-waist`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Having a flush deck, or with only a moderate depression
amidships; -- said of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shalm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shawm</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shalt</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>2d per. sing.</i></pos> of
<u>Shall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shal"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling shale in
structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Originally the same word
as <i>shame</i>, hence, a disgrace, a trick. See <u>Shame</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which deceives
expectation; any trick, fraud, or device that deludes and disappoint;
a make-believe; delusion; imposture, humbug.</def> "A mere
<i>sham</i>."  <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Believe who will the solemn <i>sham</i>, not
I.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A false front, or removable ornamental
covering.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pillow sham</b></col>, <cd>a covering to be laid on a
pillow.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sham</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>False; counterfeit;
pretended; feigned; unreal; as, a <i>sham</i> fight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They scorned the <i>sham</i> independence proffered to
them by the Athenians.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sham</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shammed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shamming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To trick; to cheat; to
deceive or delude with false pretenses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fooled and <i>shammed</i> into a
conviction.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obtrude by fraud or imposition.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We must have a care that we do not . . . <i>sham</i>
fallacies upon the world for current reason.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assume the manner and character of; to
imitate; to ape; to feign.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sham Abram</b></col> or <col><b>Abraham</b></col>,
<cd>to feign sickness; to malinger. Hence a malingerer is called, in
sailors' cant, <i>Sham Abram</i>, or <i>Sham Abraham</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sham</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make false
pretenses; to deceive; to feign; to impose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wondering . . . whether those who lectured him were
such fools as they professed to be, or were only
<i>shamming</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sha"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>sh&amacr;m&amacr;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A saxicoline
singing bird (<i>Kittacincla macroura</i>) of India, noted for the
sweetness and power of its song. In confinement it imitates the notes
of other birds and various animals with accuracy. Its head, neck,
back, breast, and tail are glossy black, the rump white, the under
parts chestnut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sha"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name.]
<def>A priest of Shamanism; a wizard among the Shamanists.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1323 !></p>

<p><hw>Sha*man"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Shamanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sha"man*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The type of
religion which once prevalied among all the Ural-Altaic peoples
(Tungusic, Mongol, and Turkish), and which still survives in various
parts of Northern Asia. The Shaman, or wizard priest, deals with good
as well as with evil spirits, especially the good spirits of
ancestors.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sha"man*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent of
Shamanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schamel</i> a
bench, stool, AS. <i>scamel</i>, <i>sceamol</i>, a bench, form, stool,
fr. L. <i>scamellum</i>, dim. of <i>scamnum</i> a bench, stool.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>One of a succession of niches
or platforms, one above another, to hold ore which is thrown
successively from platform to platform, and thus raised to a higher
level.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A place where butcher's meat is
sold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As summer flies are in the
<i>shambles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A place for slaughtering animals
for meat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make a <i>shambles</i> of the parliament
house.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sham"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shambled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shambling</u> (?).] [Cf. OD. <i>schampelen</i> to slip,
<i>schampen</i> to slip away, escape.  Cf. <u>Scamble</u>,
<u>Scamper</u>.] <def>To walk awkwardly and unsteadily, as if the
knees were weak; to shuffle along.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
an awkward, irregular pace; as, a <i>shambling</i> trot;
<i>shambling</i> legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham"bling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An awkward,
irregular gait.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shame</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shame</i>,
<i>schame</i>, AS. <i>scamu</i>, <i>sceamu</i>; akin to OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>scama</i>, G. <i>scham</i>, Icel. <i>sk&ouml;mm</i>, <i>shkamm</i>,
Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>skam</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>schande</i>, Goth. <i>skanda</i>
shame, <i>skaman sik</i> to be ashamed; perhaps from a root
<i>skam</i> meaning to cover, and akin to the root (<i>kam</i>) of G.
<i>hemd</i> shirt, E. <i>chemise</i>.  Cf. <u>Sham</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A painful sensation excited by a consciousness
of guilt or impropriety, or of having done something which injures
reputation, or of the exposure of that which nature or modesty prompts
us to conceal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>HIde, for <i>shame</i>,<BR>
Romans, your grandsires' images,<BR>
That blush at their degenerate progeny.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Have you no modesty, no maiden
<i>shame</i>?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reproach incurred or suffered; dishonor;
ignominy; derision; contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye have borne the <i>shame</i> of the
heathen.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxxvi. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Honor and <i>shame</i> from no condition
rise.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And every woe a tear can claim<BR>
Except an erring sister's <i>shame</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The cause or reason of shame; that which
brings reproach, and degrades a person in the estimation of others;
disgrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O C&?;sar, what a wounding <i>shame</i> is
this!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Guides who are the <i>shame</i> of
religion.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The parts which modesty requires to be
covered; the private parts.</def>  <i>Isa. xlvii. 3.</i></p>

<p><col><b>For shame!</b></col> <cd>you should be ashamed; shame on
you!</cd> -- <col><b>To put to shame</b></col>, <cd>to cause to feel
shame; to humiliate; to disgrace.</cd> "Let them be driven backward
and <i>put to shame</i> that wish me evil."  <i>Ps. xl. 14.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Shame</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shaming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make ashamed; to excite in
(a person) a comsciousness of guilt or impropriety, or of conduct
derogatory to reputation; to put to shame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Were there but one righteous in the world, he would . .
. <i>shame</i> the world, and not the world him.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with reproach or ignominy; to
dishonor; to disgrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And with foul cowardice his carcass
<i>shame</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To mock at; to deride.</def> [Obs. or
R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye have <i>shamed</i> the counsel of the
poor.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xiv. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shame</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scamian</i>,
<i>sceamian</i>. See <u>Shame</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To be
ashamed; to feel shame.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I do <i>shame</i><BR>
To think of what a noble strain you are.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shame"faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For
<i>shamefast</i>; AS. <i>scamf&aelig;st</i>. See <u>Shame</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Fast</u> firm.] <def>Easily confused or
put out of countenance; diffident; bashful; modest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>shamefaced</i> virtue shunned the people's
prise.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shamefaced</i> was once <i>shamefast</i>,
<i>shamefacedness</i> was <i>shamefastness</i>, like <i>steadfast</i>
and <i>steadfastness</i>; but the ordinary manifestations of shame
being by the face, have brought it to its present orthography.
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Shame"faced</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shame"faced`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shame"fast</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>scamf&aelig;st</i>.] <def>Modest; shamefaced.</def> --
<wf>Shame"fast*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shame"fast*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Archaic] See
<u>Shamefaced</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shamefast</i> she was in maiden
<i>shamefastness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Conscience] is a blushing <i>shamefast</i>
spirit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Modest apparel with <i>shamefastness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>1 Tim. ii. 9 (Rev. Ver.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Shame"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bringing shame or disgrace; injurious to reputation;
disgraceful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His naval preparations were not more surprising than
his quick and <i>shameful</i> retreat.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exciting the feeling of shame in others;
indecent; as, a <i>shameful</i> picture; a <i>shameful</i>
sight.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disgraceful; reproachful; indecent; unbecoming;
degrading; scandalous; ignominious; infamous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Shame"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shame"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shame"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>scamle&aacute;s</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of shame;
wanting modesty; brazen-faced; insensible to disgrace.</def> "Such
<i>shameless</i> bards we have."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shame enough to shame thee, wert thou not
<i>shameless</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indicating want of modesty, or sensibility
to disgrace; indecent; as, a <i>shameless</i> picture or
poem.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impudent; unblushing; audacious; immodest; indecent;
indelicate.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Shame"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shame"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shame"-proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Shameless.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sham"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, disgraces, or makes ashamed.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sham"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shams; an
impostor.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sham"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chamious</i> a
chamois, shammy leather. See <u>Chamois</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chamois.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A soft, pliant leather, prepared originally
from the skin of the chamois, but now made also from the skin of the
sheep, goat, kid, deer, and calf. See <u>Shamoying</u>.</def> [Written
also <i>chamois</i>, <i>shamoy</i>, and <i>shamois</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sham"ois</hw>, <hw>Sham"oy</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Shammy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sha*moy"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Shammy</u>.]
<def>A process used in preparing certain kinds of leather, which
consists in frizzing the skin, and working oil into it to supply the
place of the astringent (tannin, alum, or the like) ordinarily used in
tanning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham*poo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shampooed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shampooing</u>.] [Hind. <i>ch&amacr;mpn&amacr;</i> to press, to
squeeze.] [Writing also <i>champoo</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
press or knead the whole surface of the body of (a person), and at the
same time to stretch the limbs and joints, in connection with the hot
bath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wash throughly and rub the head of (a
person), with the fingers, using either soap, or a soapy preparation,
for the more thorough cleansing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham*poo"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
shampooing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham*poo"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
shampoos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sham"rock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>seamrog</i>,
<i>seamar</i>, trefoil, white clover, white honeysuckle; akin to Gael.
<i>seamrag</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A trifoliate plant used as a
national emblem by the Irish. The legend is that St. Patrick once
plucked a leaf of it for use in illustrating the doctrine of the
trinity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The original plant was probably a kind of wood sorrel
(<i>Oxalis Acetocella</i>); but now the name is given to the white
clover (<i>Trifolium repens</i>), and the black medic (<i>Medicago
lupulina</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Shan"dry*dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A jocosely
depreciative name for a vehicle.</def> [Ireland]</p>

<p><hw>Shan"dy*gaff</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mixture of
strong beer and ginger beer.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shang`hai"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shanghaied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shanghaiing</u>.] <def>To intoxicate and ship (a person) as a
sailor while in this condition.</def> [Written also <i>shanghae</i>.]
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shang`hai"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large and tall breed of domestic fowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shank</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Chank</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shanke</i>,
<i>schanke</i>, <i>schonke</i>, AS. <i>scanca</i>, <i>sceanca</i>,
<i>sconca</i>, <i>sceonca</i>; akin to D. <i>schonk</i> a bone, G.
<i>schenkel</i> thigh, shank, <i>schinken</i> ham, OHG. <i>scincha</i>
shank, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>skank</i>. &radic;161.  Cf. <u>Skink</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part of the leg from
the knee to the foot; the shin; the shin bone; also, the whole
leg.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide<BR>
For his shrunk <i>shank</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, that part of an instrument, tool, or
other thing, which connects the acting part with a handle or other
part, by which it is held or moved.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of a key which is between the bow
and the part which enters the wards of the lock.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The middle part of an anchor, or that part
which is between the ring and the arms.</def> See <i>Illustr</i>. of
<u>Anchor</u>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>That part of a hoe, rake,
knife, or the like, by which it is secured to a handle.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A loop forming an eye to a button.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The space between two
channels of the Doric triglyph.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A large ladle for molten
metal, fitted with long bars for handling it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The body of a
type.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Shoemaking)</i> <def>The part of the sole
beneath the instep connecting the broader front part with the
heel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wading bird with long
legs; as, the green-legged <i>shank</i>, or knot; the yellow
<i>shank</i>, or tattler; -- called also <i>shanks</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Flat-nosed pliers, used by
opticians for nipping off the edges of pieces of glass to make them
round.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shank painter</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a short rope or
chain which holds the shank of an anchor against the side of a vessel
when it is secured for a voyage.</cd> -- <col><b>To ride shank's
mare</b></col>, <cd>to go on foot; to walk.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall off, as a
leaf, flower, or capsule, on account of disease affecting the
supporting footstalk; -- usually followed by <i>off</i>.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shank"beer`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Schenkbeer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shanked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
shank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shank"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Chancre</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shan"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shannies</b></plw> (#). [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European smooth blenny (<i>Blennius
pholis</i>). It is olive-green with irregular black spots, and without
appendages on the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shan't</hw> (?). <def>A contraction of <i>shall not</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Shan"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Jaunty;
showy.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shan"ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shanties</b></plw> (#). [Said to be fr. Ir. <i>sean</i> old +
<i>tig</i>. a house.] <def>A small, mean dwelling; a rough, slight
building for temporary use; a hut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shan"ty</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To inhabit a
shanty.</def>  <i>S. H. Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shap"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That may be shaped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shapely.</def> [R.] "Round and
<i>shapable</i>."  <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shape</hw> (sh&amacr;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Shaped</u> (sh&amacr;pt); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shaped</u> or <u>Shapen</u> (sh&amacr;p"'n);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shaping</u>.] [OE. <i>shapen</i>,
<i>schapen</i>, AS. <i>sceapian</i>. The p. p. <i>shapen</i> is from
the strong verb, AS. <i>scieppan</i>, <i>scyppan</i>, <i>sceppan</i>,
p. p. <i>sceapen</i>. See <u>Shape</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form or create; especially, to mold or make
into a particular form; to give proper form or figure to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>shapen</i> in iniquity.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
li. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Grace <i>shaped</i> her limbs, and beauty decked her
face.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adapt to a purpose; to regulate; to
adjust; to direct; as, to <i>shape</i> the course of a
vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the stream, when neither friends, nor force,<BR>
Nor speed nor art avail, he <i>shapes</i> his course.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Charmed by their eyes, their manners I acquire,<BR>
And <i>shape</i> my foolishness to their desire.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To image; to conceive; to body
forth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oft my jealousy<BR>
<i>Shapes</i> faults that are not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To design; to prepare; to plan; to
arrange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>shapen</i> was all this conspiracy,<BR>
From point to point.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shaping machine</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Shaper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To shape one's self</b></col>, <cd>to
prepare; to make ready.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will early <i>shape me</i> therefor.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shape</hw> (sh&amacr;p), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To suit;
to be adjusted or conformable.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shape</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shap</i>,
<i>schap</i>, AS. <i>sceap</i> in <i>gesceap</i> creation, creature,
fr. the root of <i>scieppan</i>, <i>scyppan</i>, <i>sceppan</i>, to
shape, to do, to effect; akin to OS. gi<i>skeppian</i>, OFries.
<i>skeppa</i>, D. <i>scheppen</i>, G. <i>schaffen</i>, OHG.
<i>scaffan</i>, <i>scepfen</i>, <i>skeffen</i>, Icer. <i>skapa</i>,
<i>skepja</i>, Dan. <i>skabe</i>, <i>skaffe</i>, Sw. <i>skapa</i>,
<i>skaffa</i>, Goth. ga<i>skapjan</i>, and perhaps to E. <i>shave</i>,
v.  Cf. <u>-ship</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Character or
construction of a thing as determining its external appearance;
outward aspect; make; figure; form; guise; as, the <i>shape</i> of a
tree; the <i>shape</i> of the head; an elegant <i>shape</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He beat me grievously, in the <i>shape</i> of a
woman.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which has form or figure; a figure; an
appearance; a being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before the gates three sat,<BR>
On either side, a formidable <i>shape</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A model; a pattern; a mold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Form of embodiment, as in words; form, as
of thought or conception; concrete embodiment or example, as of some
quality.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Dress for disguise; guise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Look better on this virgin, and consider<BR>
This Persian <i>shape</i> laid by, and she appearing<BR>
In a Greekish dress.</blockquote> <i>Messinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Iron Manuf.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
rolled or hammered piece, as a bar, beam, angle iron, etc., having a
cross section different from merchant bar.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A piece which has been roughly forged nearly to the form it will
receive when completely forged or fitted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To take shape</b></col>, <cd>to assume a definite
form.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Shape"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of shape
or regular form; wanting symmetry of dimensions; misshapen; -- opposed
to <i>shapely</i>.</def> -- <wf>Shape"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shapeless</i> rock, or hanging
precipice.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shape"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being shapely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shape"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Shapelier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shapeliest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Well-formed; having a regular shape; comely;
symmetrical.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Waste sandy valleys, once perplexed with thorn,<BR>
The spiry fir and <i>shapely</i> box adorn.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the <i>shapely</i> column stood.</blockquote>
<i>Couper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fit; suitable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shaply</i> for to be an alderman.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shap"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shapes; as, the <i>shaper</i> of one's
fortunes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The secret of those old <i>shapers</i> died with
them.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which shapes; a machine for giving a
particular form or outline to an object.</def> Specifically;
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Metal Working)</i> <def>A kind of planer in
which the tool, instead of the work, receives a reciprocating motion,
usually from a crank.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Wood Working)</i>
<def>A machine with a vertically revolving cutter projecting above a
flat table top, for cutting irregular outlines, moldings,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sha"poo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The o&ouml;rial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shard</hw> (sh&auml;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plant;
chard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceard</i>, properly a
p. p. from the root of <i>scearn</i> to shear, to cut; akin to D.
<i>schaard</i> a fragment, G. <i>scharte</i> a notch, Icel.
<i>skar&eth;</i>. See <u>Shear</u>, and cf. <u>Sherd</u>.] [Written
also <i>sheard</i>, and <i>sherd</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece
or fragment of an earthen vessel, or a like brittle substance, as the
shell of an egg or snail.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The precious dish<BR>
Broke into <i>shards</i> of beauty on the board.</blockquote> <i>E.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hard wing case of a
beetle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are his <i>shards</i>, and he their
beetle.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gap in a fence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Stanyhurst.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A boundary; a division.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shard"-borne`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Borne on
shards or scaly wing cases.</def> "The <i>shard-borne</i> beetle."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shard"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having elytra, as a beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shard"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having, or
consisting of, shards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Share</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schar</i>, AS.
<i>scear</i>; akin to OHG. <i>scaro</i>, G. <i>schar</i>,
pflug<i>shar</i>, and E. <i>shear</i>, v. See <u>Shear</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part (usually an iron or steel plate) of a
plow which cuts the ground at the bottom of a furrow; a
plowshare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part which opens the ground for the
reception of the seed, in a machine for sowing seed.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Share</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>share</i>, AS.
<i>scearu</i>, <i>scaru</i>, fr. <i>sceran</i> to shear, cut. See
<u>Shear</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A certain
quantity; a portion; a part; a division; as, a small <i>share</i> of
prudence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the part allotted or belonging
to one, of any property or interest owned by a number; a portion among
others; an apportioned lot; an allotment; a dividend.</def> "My
<i>share</i> of fame."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, one of a certain number of equal
portions into which any property or invested capital is divided; as, a
ship owned in ten <i>shares</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The pubes; the sharebone.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To go shares</b></col>, <cd>to partake; to be equally
concerned.</cd> -- <col><b>Share and share alike</b></col>, <cd>in
equal shares.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Share</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sharing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To part among two or more; to
distribute in portions; to divide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Suppose I <i>share</i> my fortune equally between my
children and a stranger.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1324 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To partake of, use, or experience, with
others; to have a portion of; to take and possess in common; as, to
<i>share</i> a shelter with another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>While avarice and rapine share</i> the
land.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut; to shear; to cleave; to
divide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shared</i> visage hangs on equal
sides.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Share</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have part; to
receive a portion; to partake, enjoy, or suffer with others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A right of inheritance gave every one a title to
<i>share</i> in the goods of his father.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Share"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part of the
plow to which the share is attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Share"bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The public bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Share"bro`ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A broker who
deals in railway or other shares and securities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Share"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds
or owns a share or shares in a joint fund or property.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shar"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shares; a
participator; a partaker; also, a divider; a distributer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Share"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
composite plant (<i>Aster Tripolium</i>) growing along the seacoast of
Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shark</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin;
perhaps through OF. fr. <i>carcharus</i> a kind of dogfish, Gr.
<grk>karchari`as</grk>, so called from its sharp teeth, fr.
<grk>ka`rcharos</grk> having sharp or jagged teeth; or perhaps named
from its rapacity (cf. <u>Shark</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>);
cf. Corn. <i>scarceas</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of elasmobranch fishes of the order
Plagiostomi, found in all seas.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some sharks, as the basking shark and the whale shark, grow
to an enormous size, the former becoming forty feet or more, and the
latter sixty feet or more, in length. Most of them are harmless to
man, but some are exceedingly voracious. The man-eating sharks mostly
belong to the genera <i>Carcharhinus</i>, <i>Carcharodon</i>, and
related genera. They have several rows of large sharp teeth with
serrated edges, as the great white shark (<i>Carcharodon carcharias,
or Rondeleti</i>) of tropical seas, and the great blue shark
(<i>Carcharhinus glaucus</i>) of all tropical and temperate seas. The
former sometimes becomes thirty-six feet long, and is the most
voracious and dangerous species known. The rare man-eating shark of
the United States coast (<i>Charcarodon Atwoodi</i>) is thought by
some to be a variety, or the young, of <i>C. carcharias</i>. The dusky
shark (<i>Carcharhinus obscurus</i>), and the smaller blue shark
(<i>C. caudatus</i>), both common species on the coast of the United
States, are of moderate size and not dangerous. They feed on shellfish
and bottom fishes.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rapacious, artful person; a
sharper.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Trickery; fraud; petty rapine; as, to live
upon the <i>shark</i>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Baskin shark</b></col>, <col><b>Liver shark</b></col>,
<col><b>Nurse shark</b></col>, <col><b>Oil shark</b></col>,
<col><b>Sand shark</b></col>, <col><b>Tiger shark</b></col>, etc.
<cd>See under <u>Basking</u>, <u>Liver</u>, etc.  See also
<u>Dogfish</u>, <u>Houndfish</u>, <u>Notidanian</u>, and
<u>Tope</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray shark</b></col>, <cd>the sand
shark.</cd> -- <col><b>Hammer-headed shark</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Hammerhead</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Port Jackson shark</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Cestraciont</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shark barrow</b></col>,
<cd>the eggcase of a shark; a sea purse.</cd> -- <col><b>Shark
ray</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Angel fish</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>,
under <u>Angel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Thrasher</b></col> shark, or
<col><b>Thresher shark</b></col>, <cd>a large, voracious shark. See
<u>Thrasher</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Whale shark</b></col>, <cd>a huge
harmless shark (<i>Rhinodon typicus</i>) of the Indian Ocean. It
becomes sixty feet or more in length, but has very small
teeth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shark</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin;
perhaps fr. <i>shark</i>, n., or perhaps related to E. <i>shear</i>
(as <i>hearken</i> to <i>hear</i>), and originally meaning, to clip
off.  Cf. <u>Shirk</u>.] <def>To pick or gather indiscriminately or
covertly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shark</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sharked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sharking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play the petty thief; to
practice fraud or trickery; to swindle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither <i>sharks</i> for a cup or a
reckoning.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To live by shifts and stratagems.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shark"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lives by
sharking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shark"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Petty rapine; trick;
also, seeking a livelihood by shifts and dishonest devices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shar"ock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An East Indian
coin of the value of 12&frac12; pence sterling, or about 25
cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sharper</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sharpest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sharp</i>, <i>scharp</i>, <i>scarp</i>, AS. <i>scearp</i>; akin to
OS. <i>skarp</i>, LG. <i>scharp</i>, D. <i>scherp</i>, G.
<i>scharf</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>skarp</i>, Icel. <i>skarpr</i>.  Cf.
<u>Escarp</u>, <u>Scrape</u>, <u>Scorpion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a very thin edge or fine point; of a nature to cut or
pierce easily; not blunt or dull; keen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He dies upon my scimeter's <i>sharp</i>
point.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Terminating in a point or edge; not obtuse
or rounded; somewhat pointed or edged; peaked or ridged; as, a
<i>sharp</i> hill; <i>sharp</i> features.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Affecting the sense as if pointed or
cutting, keen, penetrating, acute: to the taste or smell, pungent,
acid, sour, as ammonia has a <i>sharp</i> taste and odor; to the
hearing, piercing, shrill, as a <i>sharp</i> sound or voice; to the
eye, instantaneously brilliant, dazzling, as a <i>sharp</i>
flash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>High in
pitch; acute; as, a <i>sharp</i> note or tone.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Raised a semitone in pitch; as, C
<i>sharp</i> (C&sharp;), which is a half step, or semitone, higher
than C.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>So high as to be out of tune,
or above true pitch; as, the tone is <i>sharp</i>; that instrument is
<i>sharp</i>. Opposed in all these senses to <i>flat</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Very trying to the feelings; piercing;
keen; severe; painful; distressing; as, <i>sharp</i> pain, weather; a
<i>sharp</i> and frosty air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sharp</i> misery had worn him to the
bones.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The morning <i>sharp</i> and clear.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>sharpest</i> perils faithful proved.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Cutting in language or import; biting;
sarcastic; cruel; harsh; rigorous; severe; as, a <i>sharp</i>
rebuke.</def> "That <i>sharp</i> look."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To that place the <i>sharp</i> Athenian law<BR>
Can not pursue us.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be thy words severe,<BR>
<i>Sharp</i> as merits but the sword forbear.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Of keen perception; quick to discern or
distinguish; having nice discrimination; acute; penetrating;
sagacious; clever; as, a <i>sharp</i> eye; <i>sharp</i> sight,
hearing, or judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing makes men <i>sharper</i> . . . than
want.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many other things belong to the material world, wherein
the <i>sharpest</i> philosophers have never ye&?; arrived at clear and
distinct ideas.</blockquote> <i>L. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Eager in pursuit; keen in quest; impatient
for gratification; keen; as, a <i>sharp</i> appetite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Fierce; ardent; fiery; violent;
impetuous.</def> "In <i>sharp</i> contest of battle."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sharp</i> assault already is begun.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Keenly or unduly attentive to one's own
interest; close and exact in dealing; shrewd; as, a <i>sharp</i>
dealer; a <i>sharp</i> customer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The necessity of being so <i>sharp</i> and
exacting.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Composed of hard, angular grains; gritty;
as, <i>sharp</i> sand.</def>  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Steep; precipitous; abrupt; as, a
<i>sharp</i> ascent or descent; a <i>sharp</i> turn or
curve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Uttered in a whisper,
or with the breath alone, without voice, as certain consonants, such
as <i>p</i>, <i>k</i>, <i>t</i>, <i>f</i>; surd; nonvocal;
aspirated.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sharp</i> is often used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>sharp</i>-cornered, <i>sharp</i>-edged,
<i>sharp</i>-pointed, <i>sharp</i>-tasted, <i>sharp</i>-visaged,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Sharp practice</b></col>, <cd>the getting of an advantage,
or the attempt to do so, by a tricky expedient.</cd> -- <col><b>To
brace sharp</b></col>, or <col><b>To sharp up</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to turn the yards to the most oblique position
possible, that the ship may lie well up to the wind.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Keen; acute; piercing; penetrating; quick;
sagacious; discerning; shrewd; witty; ingenious; sour; acid; tart;
pungent; acrid; severe; poignant; biting; acrimonious; sarcastic;
cutting; bitter; painful; afflictive; violent; harsh; fierce; ardent;
fiery.</p>

<p><hw>Sharp</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To a point or edge; piercingly; eagerly; sharply.</def>  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The head [of a spear] full <i>sharp</i>
yground.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You bite so <i>sharp</i> at reasons.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Precisely; exactly; as, we shall start at
ten o'clock <i>sharp</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Look sharp</b></col>, <cd>attend; be alert.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sharp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sharp tool or weapon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If butchers had but the manners to go to <i>sharps</i>,
gentlemen would be contented with a rubber at cuffs.</blockquote>
<i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
character [&sharp;] used to indicate that the note before which it is
placed is to be raised a half step, or semitone, in pitch.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sharp tone or note.</def> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A portion of a stream where the water runs
very rapidly.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sewing needle having a very slender
point; a needle of the most pointed of the three grades,
<i>blunts</i>, <i>betweens</i>, and <i>sharps</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Same as <u>Middlings</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An expert.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Sharp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sharped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sharping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sharpen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To raise above the proper
pitch; to elevate the tone of; especially, to raise a half step, or
semitone, above the natural tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
play tricks in bargaining; to act the sharper.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To sing above the proper
pitch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp-cut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cut sharply or
definitely, or so as to make a clear, well-defined impression, as the
lines of an engraved plate, and the like; clear-cut; hence, having
great distinctness; well-defined; clear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sarpened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sharpening</u>.] [See <u>Sharp</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To
make sharp.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To give a
keen edge or fine point to; to make sharper; as, to <i>sharpen</i> an
ax, or the teeth of a saw.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To render
more quick or acute in perception; to make more ready or
ingenious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The air . . . <i>sharpened</i> his visual ray<BR>
To objects distant far.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that wrestles with us strengthens our nerves and
<i>sharpens</i> our skill.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To make more eager; as, to <i>sharpen</i>
men's desires.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Epicurean cooks<BR>
<i>Sharpen</i> with cloyless sauce his appetite.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To make more pungent and intense; as, to
<i>sharpen</i> a pain or disease.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To
make biting, sarcastic, or severe.</def> "<i>Sharpen</i> each word."
<i>E. Smith.</i> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To render more shrill or
piercing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inclosures not only preserve sound, but increase and
<i>sharpen</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>To make more tart or acid; to make sour;
as, the rays of the sun <i>sharpen</i> vinegar.</def>
<sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To raise, as a sound, by means
of a sharp; to apply a sharp to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow or become
sharp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
bargains closely, especially, one who cheats in bargains; a swinder;
also, a cheating gamester.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sharpers</i>, as pikes, prey upon their own
kind.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Swindler; cheat; deceiver; trickster; rogue. See
<u>Swindler</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sharp"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
long, sharp, flat-bottomed boat, with one or two masts carrying a
triangular sail. They are often called <i>Fair Haven sharpies</i>,
after the place on the coast of Connecticut where they
originated.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sharp"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A stickleback.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sharp"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sharp manner,;
keenly; acutely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are more <i>sharply</i> to be chastised and
reformed than the rude Irish.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The soldiers were <i>sharply</i> assailed with
wants.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You contract your eye when you would see
<i>sharply</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scearpness</i>.]
<def>The quality or condition of being sharp; keenness;
acuteness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"saw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The great titmouse; -- so called from its harsh call notes.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sharp"-set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Eager in
appetite or desire of gratification; affected by keen hunger;
ravenous; as, an eagle or a lion <i>sharp-set</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The town is <i>sharp-set</i> on new plays.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"shoot`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled
in shooting at an object with exactness; a good marksman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"shoot`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shooting with
great precision and effect; hence, a keen contest of wit or
argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"-sight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
quick or acute sight; -- used literally and figuratively.</def> --
<wf>Sharp`-sight`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The pintail duck.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The pintail grouse, or prairie chicken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sharp"-wit`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an
acute or nicely discerning mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sash</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The scarf of a turban.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sash.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Shas"ter</hw> (?), <hw>||Shas"tra</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>c&amacr;stra</i> an order or command, a
sacred book, fr. <i>c&amacr;s</i> to order, instruct, govern.  Cf.
<u>Sastra</u>.] <def>A treatise for authoritative instruction among
the Hindoos; a book of institutes; especially, a treatise explaining
the Vedas.</def> [Written also <i>sastra</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shath"mont</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
shaftment.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Shat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shattered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shattering</u>.] [OE. <i>schateren</i>, <i>scateren</i>, to
scatter, to dash, AS. <i>scateran</i>; cf. D. <i>schateren</i> to
crack, to make a great noise, OD. <i>schetteren</i> to scatter, to
burst, to crack.  Cf. <u>Scatter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
break at once into many pieces; to dash, burst, or part violently into
fragments; to rend into splinters; as, an explosion <i>shatters</i> a
rock or a bomb; too much steam <i>shatters</i> a boiler; an oak is
<i>shattered</i> by lightning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A monarchy was <i>shattered</i> to pieces, and divided
amongst revolted subjects.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disorder; to derange; to render unsound;
as, to be <i>shattered</i> in intellect; his constitution was
<i>shattered</i>; his hopes were <i>shattered</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of a loose, volatile, and <i>shattered</i>
humor.</blockquote> <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To scatter about.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shatter</i> your leaves before the mellowing
year.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be broken into
fragments; to fall or crumble to pieces by any force
applied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some fragile bodies break but where the force is; some
<i>shatter</i> and fly in many places.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fragment of anything
shattered; -- used chiefly or soley in the phrase <i>into
shatters</i>; as, to break a glass into <i>shatters</i>.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shat"ter-brained`</hw> (?), <hw>Shat"ter-pat`ed</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disordered or wandering in intellect; hence,
heedless; wild.</def>  <i>J. Goodman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shat"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily breaking
into pieces; not compact; loose of texture; brittle; as,
<i>shattery</i> spar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shave</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shave</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His beard was <i>shave</i> as nigh as ever he
can.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Shaved</u> (?);<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Shaved</u> or
<u>Shaven</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shaving</u>.] [OE. <i>shaven</i>, <i>schaven</i>, AS.
<i>scafan</i>, <i>sceafan</i>; akin to D. <i>schaven</i>, G.
<i>schaben</i>, Icel. <i>skafa</i>, Sw. <i>skafva</i>, Dan.
<i>skave</i>, Goth. <i>scaban</i>, Russ. <i>kopate</i> to dig, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;, and probably to L. <i>scabere</i> to scratch, to scrape.
Cf. <u>Scab</u>, <u>Shaft</u>, <u>Shape</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cut or pare off from the surface of a body with a razor or
other edged instrument; to cut off closely, as with a razor; as, to
<i>shave</i> the beard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make bare or smooth by cutting off
closely the surface, or surface covering, of; especially, to remove
the hair from with a razor or other sharp instrument; to take off the
beard or hair of; as, to <i>shave</i> the face or the crown of the
head; he <i>shaved</i> himself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>shave</i> your crown for this.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The laborer with the bending scythe is seen<BR>
<i>Shaving</i> the surface of the waving green.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut off thin slices from; to cut in thin
slices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plants bruised or <i>shaven</i> in leaf or
root.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To skim along or near the surface of; to
pass close to, or touch lightly, in passing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>shaves</i> with level wing the
deep.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To strip; to plunder; to fleece.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To shave a note</b></col>, <cd>to buy it at a discount
greater than the legal rate of interest, or to deduct in discounting
it more than the legal rate allows.</cd> [Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><! p. 1325 !></p>

<p><hw>Shave</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use a razor for
removing the beard; to cut closely; hence, to be hard and severe in a
bargain; to practice extortion; to cheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scafa</i>, sceafa,
a sort of knife. See <u>Shave</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin slice; a shaving.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cutting of the beard; the operation of
shaving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An exorbitant discount
on a note.</def> [Cant, U.S.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A premium paid
for an extension of the time of delivery or payment, or for the right
to vary a stock contract in any particular.</def> [Cant, U.S.]  <i>N.
Biddle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A hand tool consisting of a sharp blade
with a handle at each end; a drawing knife; a spokeshave.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of passing very near to, so as
almost to graze; as, the bullet missed by a close <i>shave</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Shave grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the scouring rush.
See the Note under <u>Equisetum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shave
hook</b></col>, <cd>a tool for scraping metals, consisting of a sharp-
edged triangular steel plate attached to a shank and handle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shave"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man shaved;
hence, a monk, or other religious; -- used in contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am no longer a <i>shaveling</i> than while my frock
is on my back.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shaves; one whose occupation is to shave.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is close in bargains; a
sharper.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who fleeces; a pillager; a
plunderer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By these <i>shavers</i> the Turks were
stripped.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A boy; a lad; a little fellow.</def>
[Colloq.] "These unlucky little <i>shavers</i>."
  <i>Salmagundi.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As I have mentioned at the door to this young
<i>shaver</i>, I am on a chase in the name of the king.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A tool or machine for
shaving.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A note shaver</b></col>, <cd>a person who buys notes at a
discount greater than the legal rate of interest.</cd> [Cant,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shav"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who, or that which, shaves; specifically, the act of
cutting off the beard with a razor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is shaved off; a thin slice or
strip pared off with a shave, a knife, a plane, or other cutting
instrument.</def> "<i>Shaving</i> of silver."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shaving brush</b></col>, <cd>a brush used in lathering the
face preparatory to shaving it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shaw</hw> (sh&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schawe</i>,
<i>scha&yogh;e</i>, thicket, grove, AS. <i>scaga</i>; akin to Dan.
<i>skov</i>, Sw. <i>skog</i>, Icel. <i>sk&omacr;gr</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thicket; a small wood or grove.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gaillard he was as goldfinch in the
<i>shaw</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The green <i>shaws</i>, the merry green
woods.</blockquote> <i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The leaves and tops of
vegetables, as of potatoes, turnips, etc.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shaw"fowl`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>schaw</i>,
<i>shaw</i>, show + <i>fowl</i>.] <def>The representation or image of
a fowl made by fowlers to shoot at.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. &amp; Hind.
<i>sh&amacr;l</i>: cf. F. <i>ch&acirc;le</i>.] <def>A square or oblong
cloth of wool, cotton, silk, or other textile or netted fabric, used,
especially by women, as a loose covering for the neck and
shoulders.</def></p>

<p><col><b>India shawl</b></col>, <cd>a kind of rich shawl made in
India from the wool of the Cashmere goat. It is woven in pieces, which
are sewed together.</cd> -- <col><b>Shawl goat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Cashmere goat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shawl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wrap in a
shawl.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shawm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shalmie</i>, OF.
<i>chalemie</i>; cf. F. <i>chalumeau</i> shawm, <i>chaume</i> haulm,
stalk; all fr. L. <i>calamus</i> a reed, reed pipe. See <u>Haulm</u>,
and cf. <u>Calumet</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A wind instrument of
music, formerly in use, supposed to have resembled either the clarinet
or the hautboy in form.</def> [Written also <i>shalm</i>,
<i>shaum</i>.]  <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Even from the shrillest <i>shaum</i> unto the
cornamute.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shaw`nees"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Shawnee</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
North American Indians who occupied Western New York and part of Ohio,
but were driven away and widely dispersed by the Iroquois.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chaise.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>She</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [<pos><i>sing.
nom.</i></pos> <u>She</u>; <pos><i>poss.</i></pos> <u>Her</u>. (&?;)
or <u>Hers</u> (&?;); <pos><i>obj.</i></pos> <u>Her</u>; <pos><i>pl.
nom.</i></pos> <u>They</u> (?); <pos><i>poss.</i></pos> <u>Their</u>
(?) or <u>Theirs</u> (&?;); <pos><i>obj.</i></pos> <u>Them</u> (?).]
[OE. <i>she</i>, <i>sche</i>, <i>scheo</i>, <i>scho</i>, AS.
<i>se&oacute;</i>, fem. of the definite article, originally a
demonstrative pronoun; cf. OS. <i>siu</i>, D. <i>zij</i>, G.
<i>sie</i>, OHG. <i>siu</i>, <i>s&imacr;</i>, <i>si</i>, Icel.
<i>s&umacr;</i>, <i>sj&amacr;</i>, Goth. <i>si</i> she,
<i>s&omacr;</i>, fem. article, Russ. <i>siia</i>, fem., this, Gr. &?;,
fem. article, Skr. <i>s&amacr;</i>, <i>sy&amacr;</i>. The possessive
<i>her</i> or <i>hers</i>, and the objective <i>her</i>, are from a
different root. See <u>Her</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>This or that
female; the woman understood or referred to; the animal of the female
sex, or object personified as feminine, which was spoken of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>She</i> loved her children best in every
wise.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then Sarah denied, . . . for <i>she</i> was
afraid.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xviii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman; a female; -- used
substantively.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lady, you are the cruelest <i>she</i>
alive.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>She</i> is used in composition with nouns of common
gender, for <i>female</i>, to denote an animal of the female sex; as,
a <i>she</i>-bear; a <i>she</i>-cat.</p>

<p><hw>Shead"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From AS.
<i>sc&amacr;dan</i>, <i>sce&aacute;dan</i>, to separate, divide. See
<u>Shed</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A tithing, or division, in
the Isle of Man, in which there is a coroner, or chief constable. The
island is divided into six sheadings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheaf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A
sheave.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheaf</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sheaves</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>sheef</i>, <i>shef</i>,
<i>schef</i>, AS. <i>sce&aacute;f</i>; akin to D. <i>schoof</i>, OHG.
<i>scoub</i>, G. <i>schaub</i>, Icel. <i>skauf</i> a fox's brush, and
E. <i>shove</i>. See <u>Shove</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quantity
of the stalks and ears of wheat, rye, or other grain, bound together;
a bundle of grain or straw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reaper fills his greedy hands,<BR>
And binds the golden <i>sheaves</i> in brittle bands.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any collection of things bound together; a
bundle; specifically, a bundle of arrows sufficient to fill a quiver,
or the allowance of each archer, -- usually twenty-four.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sheaf</i> of arrows shook and rattled in the
case.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheaf</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gather and bind
into a sheaf; to make into sheaves; as, to <i>sheaf</i>
wheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheaf</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To collect and
bind cut grain, or the like; to make sheaves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that reap must <i>sheaf</i> and bind.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheaf"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
consisting of, a sheaf or sheaves; resembling a sheaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sheeling</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put under a sheal
or shelter.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Shell</u>.] <def>To
take the husks or pods off from; to shell; to empty of its contents,
as a husk or a pod.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That's a <i>shealed</i> peascod.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shell or pod.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The outer husk, pod,
or shell, as of oats, pease, etc.; sheal; shell.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sheeling</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Shear</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Sheared</u> (?) or <u>Shore</u> (&?;);<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Sheared</u> or <u>Shorn</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Shearing</u>.] [OE. <i>sheren</i>, <i>scheren</i>, to
shear, cut, shave, AS. <i>sceran</i>, <i>scieran</i>, <i>scyran</i>;
akin to D. &amp; G. <i>scheren</i>, Icel. <i>skera</i>, Dan.
<i>ski&?;re</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;.  Cf. <u>Jeer</u>, <u>Score</u>,
<u>Shard</u>, <u>Share</u>, <u>Sheer</u> to turn aside.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut, clip, or sever anything from with
shears or a like instrument; as, to <i>shear</i> sheep; to
<i>shear</i> cloth.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is especially applied to the cutting of wool from sheep
or their skins, and the nap from cloth.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate or sever with shears or a
similar instrument; to cut off; to clip (something) from a surface;
as, to <i>shear</i> a fleece.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before the golden tresses . . . were <i>shorn</i>
away.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To reap, as grain.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To deprive of property; to
fleece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To produce a change of shape
in by a shear. See <u>Shear</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceara</i>. See
<u>Shear</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pair
of shears; -- now always used in the plural, but formerly also in the
singular. See <u>Shears</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On his head came razor none, nor
<i>shear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Short of the wool, and naked from the
<i>shear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shearing; -- used in designating the age
of sheep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After the second shearing, he is a two-<i>shear</i>
ram; . . . at the expiration of another year, he is a three-
<i>shear</i> ram; the name always taking its date from the time of
shearing.</blockquote> <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>An action, resulting from
applied forces, which tends to cause two contiguous parts of a body to
slide relatively to each other in a direction parallel to their plane
of contact; -- also called <i>shearing stress</i>, and <i>tangential
stress</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A strain, or change of
shape, of an elastic body, consisting of an extension in one
direction, an equal compression in a perpendicular direction, with an
unchanged magnitude in the third direction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shear blade</b></col>, <cd>one of the blades of shears or a
shearing machine.</cd> -- <col><b>Shear hulk</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Hulk</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shear steel</b></col>, <cd>a steel
suitable for shears, scythes, and other cutting instruments, prepared
from fagots of blistered steel by repeated heating, rolling, and
tilting, to increase its malleability and fineness of
texture.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shear</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
deviate. See <u>Sheer</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>To become more or less
completely divided, as a body under the action of forces, by the
sliding of two contiguous parts relatively to each other in a
direction parallel to their plane of contact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shear"bill`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The black skimmer. See <u>Skimmer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shard</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shear"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shears.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a lamb dumb before his
<i>shearer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts viii. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reaper.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shear"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or operation of clipping with shears or a shearing
machine, as the wool from sheep, or the nap from cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The product of the act or operation of
clipping with shears or a shearing machine; as, the whole
<i>shearing</i> of a flock; the <i>shearings</i> from cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Shearling</u>.</def>
<i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act or operation of reaping.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act or operation of dividing with
shears; as, the <i>shearing</i> of metal plates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The process of preparing shear steel;
tilting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The process of making a
vertical side cutting in working into a face of coal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shearing machine</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
machine with blades, or rotary disks, for dividing plates or bars of
metal</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A machine for shearing
cloth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shear"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sheep but once
sheared.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shear"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shearmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One whose occupation is to
shear cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shearn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scearn</i>.  Cf.
<u>Scarn</u>.] <def>Dung; excrement.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>shern</i>.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shears</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Formerly used also
in the singular. See <u>Shear</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cutting instrument.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument consisting of two blades,
commonly with bevel edges, connected by a pivot, and working on both
sides of the material to be cut, -- used for cutting cloth and other
substances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fate urged the <i>shears</i>, and cut the sylph in
twain.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A similar instrument the blades of which
are extensions of a curved spring, -- used for shearing sheep or
skins.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A shearing machine; a blade, or
a set of blades, working against a resisting edge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything in the form of shears.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pair of wings.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An apparatus for raising
heavy weights, and especially for stepping and unstepping the lower
masts of ships. It consists of two or more spars or pieces of timber,
fastened together near the top, steadied by a guy or guys, and
furnished with the necessary tackle.</def> [Written also
<i>sheers</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The bedpiece of a machine
tool, upon which a table or slide rest is secured; as, the
<i>shears</i> of a lathe or planer. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Lathe</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rotary shears</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Rotary</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shear"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The common tern.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any one of several species of humming birds of the genus
<i>Thaumastura</i> having a long forked tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shear"wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Shear</i> +
<i>water</i>; cf. G. <i>wassersherer</i>; -- so called from its
running lightly along the surface of the water.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of long-winged oceanic birds of the
genus <i>Puffinus</i> and related genera. They are allied to the
petrels, but are larger. The Manx shearwater (<i>P. Anglorum</i>), the
dusky shearwater (<i>P. obscurus</i>), and the greater shearwater
(<i>P. major</i>), are well-known species of the North Atlantic. See
<u>Hagdon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheat"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. G.
<i>scheid</i>, <i>schaid</i>, <i>schaiden</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A European siluroid fish (<i>Silurus glanis</i>) allied to the
cat-fishes. It is the largest fresh-water fish of Europe, sometimes
becoming six feet or more in length. See <u>Siluroid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schethe</i>, AS.
<i>sc&aemacr;&eth;</i>, <i>sce&aacute;&eth;</i>,
<i>sc&emacr;&eth;</i>; akin to OS. <i>sk&emacr;&eth;ia</i>, D.
<i>scheede</i>, G. <i>scheide</i>, OHG. <i>sceida</i>, Sw.
<i>skida</i>, Dan. <i>skede</i>, Icel. <i>skei&eth;ir</i>, pl., and to
E. <i>shed</i>, v.t., originally meaning, to separate, to part. See
<u>Shed</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A case for the reception of a
sword, hunting knife, or other long and slender instrument; a
scabbard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dead knight's sword out of his <i>sheath</i> he
drew.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any sheathlike covering, organ, or
part.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
base of a leaf when sheathing or investing a stem or branch, as in
grasses.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
elytra of an insect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Medullary sheath</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Medullary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Primitive sheath</b></col>.
<i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <u>Neurilemma</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheath
knife</b></col>, <cd>a knife with a fixed blade, carried in a
sheath.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheath of Schwann</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Schwann's sheath</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Either one of two species of birds composing the genus
<i>Chionis</i>, and family <i>Chionid&aelig;</i>, native of the
islands of the Antarctic seas.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are related to the gulls and the plovers, but more
nearly to the latter. The base of the bill is covered with a saddle-
shaped horny sheath, and the toes are only slightly webbed. The
plumage of both species is white.</p>

<p><hw>Sheathe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sheathed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sheating</u>.] [Written also <i>sheath</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To put into a sheath, case, or scabbard; to inclose or cover
with, or as with, a sheath or case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The leopard . . . keeps the claws of his fore feet
turned up from the ground, and <i>sheathed</i> in the skin of his
toes.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is in my breast she <i>sheathes</i> her dagger
now.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fit or furnish, as with a sheath.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To case or cover with something which
protects, as thin boards, sheets of metal, and the like; as, to
<i>sheathe</i> a ship with copper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To obtund or blunt, as acrimonious
substances, or sharp particles.</def> [R.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sheathe the sword</b></col>, <cd>to make peace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheathed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Povided with, or inclosed in, sheath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Invested by a sheath, or
cylindrical membranaceous tube, which is the base of the leaf, as the
stalk or culm in grasses; vaginate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sheathes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sheatfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; a.</i></pos> from
<u>Sheathe</u>. <def>Inclosing with a sheath; as, the <i>sheathing</i>
leaves of grasses; the <i>sheathing</i> stipules of many polygonaceous
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
sheathes.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The casing or
covering of a ship's bottom and sides; the materials for such
covering; as, copper <i>sheathing</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The first covering of boards on the outside wall
of a frame house or on a timber roof; also, the material used for
covering; ceiling boards in general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
sheath or case for covering; unsheathed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"-winged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having elytra, or wing cases, as a
beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheath"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Forming or
resembling a sheath or case.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>She"a tree`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An African sapotaceous
tree (<i>Bassia, or Butyrospermum, Parkii</i>), from the seeds of
which a substance resembling butter is obtained; the African butter
tree.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1326 !></p>

<p><hw>Sheave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to OD.
<i>schijve</i> orb, disk, wheel, D. <i>schiff</i>, G. <i>scheibe</i>,
Icel. <i>sk&imacr;fa</i> a shaving, slice; cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?; a staff.
Cf. <u>Shift</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, <u>Shive</u>.] <def>A wheel
having a groove in the rim for a rope to work in, and set in a block,
mast, or the like; the wheel of a pulley.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sheave hole</b></col>, <cd>a channel cut in a mast, yard,
rail, or other timber, in which to fix a sheave.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Sheaf</u> of
straw.] <def>To gather and bind into a sheaf or sheaves; hence, to
collect.</def>  <i>Ashmole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheaved</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of
straw.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheb"an*der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>sh&amacr;hbandar</i>.] <def>A harbor master, or ruler of a port, in
the East Indies.</def> [Written also <i>shebunder</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>She*bang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shebeen</u>.]
<def>A jocosely depreciative name for a dwelling or shop.</def>
[Slang,U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>She*been"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Irish origin; cf.
Ir. <i>seapa</i> a shop.] <def>A low public house; especially, a place
where spirits and other excisable liquors are illegally and privately
sold.</def> [Ireland]</p>

<p><hw>She*chi"nah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shekinah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheck"la*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Ciclatoun</u>.] <def>A kind of gilt leather. See
<u>Checklaton</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same word as
<i>shade</i>. See <u>Shade</u>.] <def>A slight or temporary structure
built to shade or shelter something; a structure usually open in
front; an outbuilding; a hut; as, a wagon <i>shed</i>; a wood
<i>shed</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first Aletes born in lowly
<i>shed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sheds</i> of reeds which summer's heat
repel.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shed</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shedding</u>.] [OE. <i>scheden</i>, <i>sch&?;den</i>, to pour, to
part, AS. <i>sc&amacr;dan</i>, <i>sce&aacute;dan</i>, to pert, to
separate; akin to OS. <i>sk&?;&?;an</i>, OFries. sk&?;tha, G.
<i>scheiden</i>, OHG. <i>sceidan</i>, Goth. <i>skaidan</i>, and
probably to Lith. <i>sk&euml;du</i> I part, separate, L.
<i>scindere</i> to cleave, to split, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr. <i>chid</i>,
and perch. also to L. <i>caedere</i> to cut. &radic;159.  Cf.
<u>Chisel</u>, <u>Concise</u>, <u>Schism</u>, <u>Sheading</u>,
<u>Sheath</u>, <u>Shide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate; to
divide.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Robert of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To part with; to throw off or give forth
from one's self; to emit; to diffuse; to cause to emanate or flow; to
pour forth or out; to spill; as, the sun <i>sheds</i> light; she
<i>shed</i> tears; the clouds <i>shed</i> rain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did Romeo's hand <i>shed</i> Tybalt's
blood?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Twice seven consenting years have <i>shed</i><BR>
Their utmost bounty on thy head.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To let fall; to throw off, as a natural
covering of hair, feathers, shell; to cast; as, fowls <i>shed</i>
their feathers; serpents <i>shed</i> their skins; trees <i>shed</i>
leaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to flow off without penetrating;
as, a tight roof, or covering of oiled cloth, <i>sheeds</i>
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle; to intersperse; to
cover.</def> [R.] "Her hair . . . is <i>shed</i> with gray."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>To divide, as the warp
threads, so as to form a shed, or passageway, for the
shuttle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shed</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
fall in drops; to pour.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such a rain down from the welkin
<i>shadde</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To let fall the parts, as seeds or fruit;
to throw off a covering or envelope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>White oats are apt to <i>shed</i> most as they lie, and
black as they stand.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
parting; a separation; a division.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They say also that the manner of making the <i>shed</i>
of newwedded wives' hair with the iron head of a javelin came up then
likewise.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of shedding or spilling; -- used
only in composition, as in blood<i>shed</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which parts, divides, or sheds; --
used in composition, as in water<i>shed</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>The passageway between the
threads of the warp through which the shuttle is thrown, having a
sloping top and bottom made by raising and lowering the alternate
threads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shed"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, sheds; as, a <i>shedder</i> of blood; a
<i>shedder</i> of tears.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A crab in the act of
casting its shell, or immediately afterwards while still soft; --
applied especially to the edible crabs, which are most prized while in
this state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shed"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of shedding, separating, or casting off or out; as, the
<i>shedding</i> of blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is shed, or cast off.</def> [R.]
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sheel"fa</hw> (?), <hw>Shil"fa</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chaffinch; -- so
named from its call note.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheel"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>skj&omacr;l</i> a shelter, a cover; akin to Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>skjul</i>.] <def>A hut or small cottage in an exposed or a retired
place (as on a mountain or at the seaside) such as is used by
shepherds, fishermen, sportsmen, etc.; a summer cottage; also, a
shed.</def> [Written also <i>sheel</i>, <i>shealing</i>,
<i>sheiling</i>, etc.] [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheel"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sheelfa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sehene</i>, AS.
<i>sci&eacute;ne</i>, <i>sc&?;ne</i>, <i>sc&?;ne</i>, splendid,
beautiful; akin to OFries. <i>sk&?;ne</i>, <i>sk&?;ne</i>, OS.
<i>sc&?;ni</i>, D. <i>schoon</i>, G. <i>sch&ouml;n</i>, OHG.
<i>sc&?;ni</i>, Goth, <i>skanus</i>, and E. <i>shew</i>; the original
meaning being probably, visible, worth seeing. It is not akin to E.
<i>shine</i>. See <u>Shew</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Bright;
glittering; radiant; fair; showy; sheeny.</def> [R., except in
poetry.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This holy maiden, that is so bright and
<i>sheen</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Up rose each warrier bold and brave,<BR>
Glistening in filed steel and armor <i>sheen</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheen</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shine; to
glisten.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>This town,<BR>
That, <i>sheening</i> far, celestial seems to be.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheen</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Brightness; splendor;
glitter.</def> "Throned in celestial <i>sheen</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheen""ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Brightly.</def>
[R.]  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheen"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bright; shining;
radiant; sheen.</def> "A <i>sheeny</i> summer morn."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>shep</i>, <i>scheep</i>, AS. <i>sc&?;p</i>, <i>sce&aacute;p</i>;
akin to OFries. <i>sk&?;p</i>, LG. &amp; D. <i>schaap</i>, G.
<i>schaf</i>, OHG. <i>sc&amacr;f</i>, Skr. <i>ch&amacr;ga</i>.
&radic;295.  Cf. <u>Sheepherd</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of ruminants of
the genus <i>Ovis</i>, native of the higher mountains of both
hemispheres, but most numerous in Asia.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The domestic sheep (<i>Ovis aries</i>) varies much in size,
in the length and texture of its wool, the form and size of its horns,
the length of its tail, etc. It was domesticated in prehistoric ages,
and many distinct breeds have been produced; as the merinos,
celebrated for their fine wool; the Cretan sheep, noted for their long
horns; the fat-tailed, or Turkish, sheep, remarkable for the size and
fatness of the tail, which often has to be supported on trucks; the
Southdowns, in which the horns are lacking; and an Asiatic breed which
always has four horns.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weak, bashful, silly fellow.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Fig.: The people of God, as
being under the government and protection of Christ, the great
Shepherd.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rocky mountain sheep</b></col>.<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Bighorn</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Maned sheep</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Aoudad</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep
bot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of the sheep botfly.
See <u>Estrus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep dog</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a shepherd dog, or collie.</cd> --
<col><b>Sheep laurel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small North
American shrub (<i>Kalmia angustifolia</i>) with deep rose-colored
flowers in corymbs.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep pest</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an Australian plant (<i>Ac&aelig;na ovina</i>)
related to the burnet. The fruit is covered with barbed spines, by
which it adheres to the wool of sheep.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep
run</b></col>, <cd>an extensive tract of country where sheep range and
graze.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep's beard</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
cichoraceous herb (<i>Urospermum Dalechampii</i>) of Southern Europe;
-- so called from the conspicuous pappus of the achenes.</cd> --
<col><b>Sheep's bit</b></col><cd> <i>(Bot.)</i>, a European herb
(<i>Jasione montana</i>) having much the appearance of scabious.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sheep pox</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a contagious disease
of sheep, characterixed by the development of vesicles or pocks upon
the skin.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep scabious</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Sheep's bit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep
shears</b></col>, <cd>shears in which the blades form the two ends of
a steel bow, by the elasticity of which they open as often as pressed
together by the hand in cutting; -- so called because used to cut off
the wool of sheep.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep sorrel</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a prerennial herb (<i>Rumex Acetosella</i>) growing
naturally on poor, dry, gravelly soil. Its leaves have a pleasant acid
taste like sorrel.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep's-wool</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the highest grade of Florida commercial
sponges (<i>Spongia equina</i>, variety <i>gossypina</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Sheep tick</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a wingless
parasitic insect (<i>Melophagus ovinus</i>) belonging to the Diptera.
It fixes its proboscis in the skin of the sheep and sucks the blood,
leaving a swelling. Called also <i>sheep pest</i>, and <i>sheep
louse</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep walk</b></col>, <cd>a pasture for
sheep; a sheep run.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild sheep</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Argali</u>, <u>Mouflon</u>, and
<u>O&ouml;rial</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A rounded knoll of rock resembling the back of a sheep. --
produced by glacial action. Called also <i>roche moutonn&eacute;e</i>;
-- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The edible fruit of a small North American tree of the genus
<i>Viburnum</i> (<i>V. Lentago</i>), having white flowers in flat
cymes; also, the tree itself. Called also <i>nannyberry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"bite`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bite or
nibble like a sheep; hence, to practice petty thefts.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"bit`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices petty thefts.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are political <i>sheepbiters</i> as well as
pastoral; betrayers of public trusts as well as of
private.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sheep"cot`</hw> (?), <hw>Sheep"cote`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small inclosure for sheep; a pen; a
fold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Over-bashful;
sheepish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fold or pen
for sheep; a place where sheep are collected or confined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Silly;
simple-minded; stupid.</def>  <i>Taylor (1630)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"hook`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hook fastened
to pole, by which shepherds lay hold on the legs or necks of their
sheep; a shepherd's crook.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to sheep.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a sheep; bashful; over-modest; meanly
or foolishly diffident; timorous to excess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wanting change of company, he will, when he comes
abroad, be a <i>sheepish</i> or conceited creature.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sheep"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sheep"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A keeper or
feeder of sheep; also, an owner of sheep.</def>  <i>2 Kings iii.
4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"rack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The starling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep's"-eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A modest,
diffident look; a loving glance; -- commonly in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw her just now give him the languishing eye, as
they call it; . . . of old called the <i>sheep's-eye</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wycherley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep's-foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A printer's
tool consisting of a metal bar formed into a hammer head at one end
and a claw at the other, -- used as a lever and hammer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"shank`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A hitch by which a rope may be temporarily shortened.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheeps"head`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called
because of the fancied resemblance of its head and front teeth to
those of a sheep.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large and valuable
sparoid food fish (<i>Archosargus, or Diplodus, probatocephalus</i>)
found on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It often weighs from
ten to twelve pounds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also locally, in a loose way, applied to various
other fishes, as the butterfish, the fresh-water drumfish, the parrot
fish, the porgy, and the moonfish.</p>

<p><hw>Sheep"-shear`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
shears, or cuts off the wool from, sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"-shear`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of shearing sheep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A feast at the time of sheep-
shearing.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The skin of a sheep; or, leather prepared from it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A diploma; -- so called because usually
written or printed on parchment prepared from the skin of the
sheep.</def> [College Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Sheep"split`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A split of a
sheepskin; one of the thin sections made by splitting a sheepskin with
a cutting knife or machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheep"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling sheep;
sheepish.</def>  <i>Testament of Love.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheer</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shere</i>,
<i>skere</i>, pure, bright, Icel. <i>sk&?;rr</i>; akin to
<i>sk&imacr;rr</i>, AS. <i>sc&imacr;r</i>, OS. <i>sk&imacr;ri</i>,
MHG. <i>sch&imacr;r</i>, G. <i>schier</i>, Dan. <i>sk&?;r</i>, Sw.
<i>sk&auml;r</i>, Goth. <i>skeirs</i> clear, and E. <i>shine</i>.
&radic;157. See <u>Shine</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bright; clear; pure; unmixed.</def>
"<i>Sheer</i> ale."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>sheer</i>, immaculate, and silver
fountain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very thin or transparent; -- applied to
fabrics; as, <i>sheer</i> muslin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being only what it seems to be; obvious;
simple; mere; downright; as, <i>sheer</i> folly; <i>sheer</i>
nonsense.</def> "A <i>sheer</i> impossibility."  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not a <i>sheer</i> advantage to have several
strings to one's bow.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Stright up and down; vertical;
prpendicular.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sheer</i> precipice of a thousand
feet.</blockquote> <i>J. D. Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was at least<BR>
Nine roods of <i>sheer</i> ascent.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheer</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Clean; quite; at
once.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Shear</u>.] <def>To
shear.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sheered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sheering</u>.] [D. <i>sheren</i> to shear, cut, withdraw, warp. See
<u>Shear</u>.] <def>To decline or deviate from the line of the proper
course; to turn aside; to swerve; as, a ship <i>sheers</i> from her
course; a horse <i>sheers</i> at a bicycle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sheer off</b></col>, <cd>to turn or move aside to a
distance; to move away.</cd> -- <col><b>To sheer up</b></col>, <cd>to
approach obliquely.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The longitudinal upward
curvature of the deck, gunwale, and lines of a vessel, as when viewed
from the side.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The position of a vessel
riding at single anchor and swinging clear of it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A turn or change in a course.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give the canoe a <i>sheer</i> and get nearer to the
shore.</blockquote> <i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Shears See
<u>Shear</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sheer batten</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>a long
strip of wood to guide the carpenters in following the sheer
plan.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheer boom</b></col>, <cd>a boom slanting across
a stream to direct floating logs to one side.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheer
hulk</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Shear hulk</i>, under <u>Hulk</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sheer plan</b></col>, or <col><b>Sheer draught</b></col>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>a projection of the lines of a vessel on a
vertical longitudinal plane passing through the middle line of the
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheer pole</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an
iron rod lashed to the shrouds just above the dead-eyes and parallel
to the ratlines.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheer strake</b></col>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>the strake under the gunwale on the top
side.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>To break sheer</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to deviate from sheer, and risk fouling the
anchor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheer"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At once;
absolutely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheer"wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The shearwater.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shete</i>,
<i>schete</i>, AS. <i>sc&emacr;te</i>, <i>sc&ymacr;te</i>, fr.
<i>sce&aacute;t</i> a projecting corner, a fold in a garment (akin to
D. <i>schoot</i> sheet, bosom, lap, G. <i>schoss</i> bosom, lap, flap
of a coat, Icel. <i>skaut</i>, Goth. <i>skauts</i> the hem of a
garment); originally, that which shoots out, from the root of AS.
<i>sce&oacute;tan</i> to shoot. &radic;159.  See <u>Shoot</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>In general, a large, broad piece of
anything thin, as paper, cloth, etc.; a broad, thin portion of any
substance; an expanded superficies.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A broad piece of cloth, usually linen or
cotton, used for wrapping the body or for a covering; especially, one
used as an article of bedding next to the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He fell into a trance, and saw heaven opened, and a
certain vessel descending unto him, as it had been a great
<i>sheet</i> knit at the four corners.</blockquote> <i>Acts x. 10,
11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I do die before thee, prithee, shroud me<BR>
In one of those same <i>sheets</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A broad piece of paper, whether folded or
unfolded, whether blank or written or printed upon; hence, a letter; a
newspaper, etc.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A single signature of a
book or a pamphlet;</def> in <i>pl.</i>, <def>the book
itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To this the following <i>sheets</i> are intended for a
full and distinct answer.</blockquote> <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A broad, thinly expanded portion of metal
or other substance; as, a <i>sheet</i> of copper, of glass, or the
like; a plate; a leaf.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A broad expanse
of water, or the like.</def> "The two beautiful <i>sheets</i> of
water." <i>Macaulay.</i> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A sail.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An extensive
bed of an eruptive rock intruded between, or overlying, other
strata.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [AS. <i>sce&aacute;ta</i>. See the Etymology
above.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A rope or chain which
regulates the angle of adjustment of a sail in relation in relation to
the wind; -- usually attached to the lower corner of a sail, or to a
yard or a boom.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>The space in
the forward or the after part of a boat where there are no rowers; as,
fore <i>sheets</i>; stern <i>sheets</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sheet</i> is often used adjectively, or in combination,
to denote that the substance to the name of which it is prefixed is in
the form of sheets, or thin plates or leaves; as, <i>sheet</i> brass,
or <i>sheet</i>-brass; <i>sheet</i> glass, or <i>sheet</i>-glass;
<i>sheet</i> gold, or <i>sheet</i>-gold; sheet iron, or <i>sheet</i>-
iron, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>A sheet in the wind</b></col>, <cd>half drunk.</cd>
[Sailors' Slang] -- <col><b>Both sheets in the wind</b></col>,
<cd>very drunk.</cd> [Sailors' Slang] -- <col><b>In sheets</b></col>,
<cd>lying flat or expanded; not folded, or folded but not bound; --
said especially of printed sheets.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheet
bend</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a bend or hitch used for
temporarily fastening a rope to the bight of another rope or to an
eye.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheet lightning</b></col>, <col><b>Sheet
piling</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Lightning</u>, <u>Piling</u>,
etc.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Sheet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sheeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sheeting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a sheet or
sheets; to wrap in, or cover with, a sheet, or as with a sheet.</def>
"The <i>sheeted</i> dead." "When snow the pasture <i>sheets</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1327 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expand, as a sheet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The star shot flew from the welkin blue,<BR>
As it fell from the <i>sheeted</i> sky.</blockquote> <i>J. R.
Drake.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sheet home</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to haul upon a
sheet until the sail is as flat, and the clew as near the wind, as
possible.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sheet" an"chor</hw> (?). [OE. <i>scheten</i> to shoot, AS.
<i>sce&oacute;tan</i>; cf. OE. <i>shoot anchor</i>. See <u>Shoot</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
large anchor stowed on shores outside the waist of a vessel; -- called
also <i>waist anchor</i>. See the Note under <u>Anchor</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything regarded as a sure support or
dependence in danger; the best hope or refuge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheet" ca"ble</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The cable belonging
to the sheet anchor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheet" chain"</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A chain sheet
cable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheet"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sheetfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Enough to fill a sheet; as
much as a sheet can hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sheet"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cotton or linen cloth suitable for bed sheets. It is sometimes
made of double width.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hydraul. Engin.)</i> <def>A lining of planks
or boards (rarely of metal) for protecting an embankment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of forming into sheets,
or flat pieces; also, material made into sheets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sheik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>sheikh</i>,
<i>shaykh</i>, a venerable old man, a chief, fr. <i>sh&amacr;kha</i>
to grow or be old.] <def>The head of an Arab family, or of a clan or a
tribe; also, the chief magistrate of an Arab village. The name is also
applied to Mohammedan ecclesiastics of a high grade.</def> [Written
also <i>scheik</i>, <i>shaik</i>, <i>sheikh</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sheil</hw> (sh&emacr;l), <hw>Sheil"ing</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sheeling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shek"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>shegel</i>, fr.
<i>sh&amacr;gal</i> to weigh.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ancient
weight and coin used by the Jews and by other nations of the same
stock.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A common estimate makes the shekel equal in weight to about
130 grains for gold, 224 grains for silver, and 450 grains for copper,
and the approximate values of the coins are (gold) $5.00, (silver) 60
cents, and (copper half shekel), one and one half cents.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A jocose term for
<i>money</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>She*ki"nah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb Talmud
<i>shek&imacr;n&amacr;h</i>, fr. <i>sh&amacr;kan</i> to inhabit.]
<def>The visible majesty of the Divine Presence, especially when
resting or dwelling between the cherubim on the mercy seat, in the
Tabernacle, or in the Temple of Solomon; -- a term used in the Targums
and by the later Jews, and adopted by Christians.</def> [Written also
<i>Shechinah</i>.]  <i>Dr. W. Smith (Bib. Dict.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheld</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE., fr. <i>sheld</i> a
shield, probably in allusion to the ornamentation of shields. See
<u>Shield</u>.] <def>Variegated; spotted; speckled; piebald.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sheld"a*fle</hw> (?), <hw>Sheld"a*ple</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps for <i>sheld dapple</i>.  Cf.
<u>Sheldrake</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A chaffinch.</def>
[Written also <i>sheldapple</i>, and <i>shellapple</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sheld"fowl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The common sheldrake.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shel"drake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sheld</i> +
<i>drake</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several species of large Old World ducks of the genus <i>Tadorna</i>
and allied genera, especially the European and Asiatic species. (<i>T.
cornuta, or tadorna</i>), which somewhat resembles a goose in form and
habit, but breeds in burrows.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It has the head and neck greenish black, the breast, sides,
and forward part of the back brown, the shoulders and middle of belly
black, the speculum green, and the bill and frontal bright red.
Called also <i>shelduck</i>, <i>shellduck</i>, <i>sheldfowl</i>,
<i>skeelduck</i>, <i>bergander</i>, <i>burrow duck</i>, and <i>links
goose</i>.</p>

<p>&fist; The Australian sheldrake (<i>Tadorna radja</i>) has the
head, neck, breast, flanks, and wing coverts white, the upper part of
the back and a band on the breast deep chestnut, and the back and tail
black. The chestnut sheldrake of Australia (<i>Casarca
tadornoides</i>) is varied with black and chestnut, and has a dark
green head and neck. The ruddy sheldrake, or Braminy duck (<i>C.
rutila</i>), and the white-winged sheldrake (<i>C. leucoptera</i>),
are related Asiatic species.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any one of the American
mergansers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also loosely applied to other ducks, as the
canvasback, and the shoveler.</p>

<p><hw>Shel"duck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sheld</i>
variegated + <i>duck</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
sheldrake.</def> [Written also <i>shellduck</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shelf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shelves</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>shelfe</i>, <i>schelfe</i>, AS.
<i>scylfe</i>; akin to G. <i>schelfe</i>, Icel. <i>skj&amacr;lf</i>.
In senses 2 &amp; 3, perhaps a different word (cf. <u>Shelve</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
flat tablet or ledge of any material set horizontally at a distance
from the floor, to hold objects of use or ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sand bank in the sea, or a rock, or ledge
of rocks, rendering the water shallow, and dangerous to
ships.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the tawny sands and <i>shelves</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the secret <i>shelves</i> with fury
cast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A stratum lying in a very
even manner; a flat, projecting layer of rock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of timber running
the whole length of a vessel inside the timberheads.</def>  <i>D.
Kemp.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To lay on the shelf</b></col>, <cd>to lay aside as
unnecessary or useless; to dismiss; to discard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shelf"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding in shelves; full of dangerous shallows.</def> "A
<i>shelfy</i> coast."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of strata of rock.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The tillable fields are in some places . . . so
<i>shelfy</i> that the corn hath much ado to fasten its
root.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shelle</i>,
<i>schelle</i>, AS. <i>scell</i>, <i>scyll</i>; akin to D.
<i>shel</i>, Icel. <i>skel</i>, Goth. <i>skalja</i> a tile, and E.
<i>skill</i>.  Cf. <u>Scale</u> of fishes, <u>Shale</u>,
<u>Skill</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hard outside covering, as of
a fruit or an animal.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
covering, or outside part, of a nut; as, a hazelnut
<i>shell</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A pod.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The hard covering of an egg.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Think him as a serpent's egg, . . .<BR>
And kill him in the <i>shell</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hard calcareous or
chitinous external covering of mollusks, crustaceans, and some other
invertebrates. In some mollusks, as the cuttlefishes, it is internal,
or concealed by the mantle. Also, the hard covering of some
vertebrates, as the armadillo, the tortoise, and the like.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Hence, by extension, any
mollusks having such a covering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A hollow projectile, of
various shapes, adapted for a mortar or a cannon, and containing an
explosive substance, ignited with a fuse or by percussion, by means of
which the projectile is burst and its fragments scattered. See
<u>Bomb</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The case which holds the powder, or charge
of powder and shot, used with breechloading small arms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any slight hollow structure; a framework,
or exterior structure, regarded as not complete or filled in; as, the
<i>shell</i> of a house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A coarse kind of coffin; also, a thin
interior coffin inclosed in a more substantial one.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An instrument of music, as a lyre, -- the
first lyre having been made, it is said, by drawing strings over a
tortoise shell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Jubal struck the chorded
<i>shell</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An engraved copper roller used in print
works.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The husks of cacao seeds, a
decoction of which is often used as a substitute for chocolate, cocoa,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The outer frame or case of a
block within which the sheaves revolve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A light boat the frame of which is covered
with thin wood or with paper; as, a racing <i>shell</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Message shell</b></col>, <cd>a bombshell inside of which
papers may be put, in order to convey messages.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell
bit</b></col>, <cd>a tool shaped like a gouge, used with a brace in
boring wood. See <u>Bit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> --
<col><b>Shell button</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A button made
of shell</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A hollow button made of two
pieces, as of metal, one for the front and the other for the back, --
often covered with cloth, silk, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell
cameo</b></col>, <cd>a cameo cut in shell instead of stone.</cd> --
<col><b>Shell flower</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Turtlehead</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell gland</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A glandular organ in which
the rudimentary shell is formed in embryonic mollusks</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A glandular organ which secretes the eggshells
of various worms, crustacea, mollusks, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell
gun</b></col>, <cd>a cannon suitable for throwing shells.</cd> --
<col><b>Shell ibis</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the openbill of
India.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell jacket</b></col>, <cd>an undress military
jacket.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell lime</b></col>, <cd>lime made by burning
the shells of shellfish.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell marl</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a kind of marl characterized by an abundance of
shells, or fragments of shells.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell meat</b></col>,
<cd>food consisting of shellfish, or testaceous mollusks.</cd>
<i>Fuller.</i> -- <col><b>Shell mound</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Mound</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell of a boiler</b></col>, <cd>the
exterior of a steam boiler, forming a case to contain the water and
steam, often inclosing also flues and the furnace; the barrel of a
cylindrical, or locomotive, boiler.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell
road</b></col>, <cd>a road of which the surface or bed is made of
shells, as oyster shells.</cd> -- <col><b>Shell sand</b></col>,
<cd>minute fragments of shells constituting a considerable part of the
seabeach in some places.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shelled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shelling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strip or break off the
shell of; to take out of the shell, pod, etc.; as, to <i>shell</i>
nuts or pease; to <i>shell</i> oysters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate the kernels of (an ear of
Indian corn, wheat, oats, etc.) from the cob, ear, or husk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw shells or bombs upon or into; to
bombard; as, to <i>shell</i> a town.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To shell out</b></col>, <cd>to distribute freely; to bring
out or pay, as money.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Shell</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
fall off, as a shell, crust, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cast the shell, or exterior covering; to
fall out of the pod or husk; as, nuts <i>shell</i> in
falling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be disengaged from the ear or husk; as,
wheat or rye <i>shells</i> in reaping.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shell"-lac`</hw>, <hw>Shel"lac`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Shell</i> + <i>lac</i> a resinous substance;
cf. D. <i>shellak</i>, G. <i>schellack</i>.] <def>See the Note under
2d <u>Lac</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shell"ap`ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sheldafle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shell"bark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
species of hickory (<i>Carya alba</i>) whose outer bark is loose and
peeling; a shagbark; also, its nut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shelled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having a shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shell"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, shells; as, an oyster <i>sheller</i>; a corn
<i>sheller</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shell"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any aquatic animal whose external covering consists of a shell,
either testaceous, as in oysters, clams, and other mollusks, or
crustaceous, as in lobsters and crabs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shell"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Groats; hulled
oats.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shell"-less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
shell.</def>  <i>J. Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shell"proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
resisting bombs or other shells; bombproof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shell"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work composed
of shells, or adorned with them.</def>  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shell"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
shells; consisting of shells, or of a shell.</def> "The <i>shelly</i>
shore."  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shrinks backward in his <i>shelly</i>
cave.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>scheltrun</i>, <i>shiltroun</i>, <i>schelltrome</i>,
<i>scheldtrome</i>, a guard, squadron, AS. <i>scildtruma</i> a troop
of men with shields; <i>scild</i> shield + <i>truma</i> a band of men.
See <u>Shield</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which covers or defends from injury or annoyance; a protection; a
screen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sick and weak the healing plant shall aid,<BR>
From storms a <i>shelter</i>, and from heat a shade.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who protects; a guardian; a
defender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou [God] hast been a <i>shelter</i> for
me.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxi. 3.  </i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being covered and protected;
protection; security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who into <i>shelter</i> takes their tender
bloom.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shelter tent</b></col>,<cd>a small tent made of pieces of
cotton duck arranged to button together. In field service the soldiers
carry the pieces.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Asylum; refuge; retreat; covert; sanctuary;
protection; defense; security.</p>

<p><hw>Shel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sheltered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sheltering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be a shelter for; to
provide with a shelter; to cover from injury or annoyance; to shield;
to protect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those ruins <i>sheltered</i> once his sacred
head.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You have no convents . . . in which such persons may be
received and <i>sheltered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To screen or cover from notice; to
disguise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In vain I strove to cheek my growing flame,<BR>
Or <i>shelter</i> passion under friendship's name.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To betake to cover, or to a safe place; --
used reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>sheltered</i> themselves under a
rock.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Abbot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shel"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take
shelter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There oft the Indian herdsman, shunning heat,<BR>
<i>Shelters</i> in cool.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shel"ter*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
shelter or protection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now sad and <i>shelterless</i> perhaps she
lies.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shel"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affording
shelter.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Shel"tie</hw> (?), <hw>Shel"ty</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Shetland pony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shelve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To furnish with shelves; as, to <i>shelve</i> a closet or a
library.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place on a shelf. Hence: To lay on the
shelf; to put aside; to dismiss from service; to put off indefinitely;
as, to <i>shelve</i> an officer; to <i>shelve</i> a claim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shelve</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shelved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shelving</u>.] [Perhapss originally from the same source as
<i>shallow</i>, but influenced by <i>shelf</i> a ledge, a platform.]
<def>To incline gradually; to be slopping; as, the bottom
<i>shelves</i> from the shore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shelv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sloping gradually;
inclining; as, a <i>shelving</i> shore.</def> <i>Shak.</i>
"<i>Shelving</i> arches."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shelv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of fitting up shelves; as, the job of <i>shelving</i> a
closet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of laying on a shelf, or on the
shelf; putting off or aside; as, the <i>shelving</i> of a
claim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Material for shelves; shelves,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shelv"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sloping gradually;
shelving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shore was <i>shelving</i> and shallow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shem"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A descendant of
Shem.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shem*it"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Shem"i*tish</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to <i>Shem</i>, the son of
Noah, or his descendants. See <u>Semitic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shem"i*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Semitism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shent</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shending</u>.] [AS. <i>scendan</i> to disgrace, bring to shame,
from <i>sceand</i>, <i>sceond</i>, disgrace, dishonor, shame; akin to
G. <i>schande</i>, Goth. <i>skanda</i>. See <u>Shame</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To injure, mar, spoil,
or harm.</def> [Obs.] "Loss of time <i>shendeth</i> us."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I fear my body will be <i>shent</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To blame, reproach, or revile; to degrade,
disgrace, or put to shame.</def> [Archaic]  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The famous name of knighthood foully
<i>shend</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She passed the rest as Cynthia doth <i>shend</i><BR>
The lesser stars.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shend"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destructive;
ruinous; disgraceful.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Shend"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shend"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Harm; ruin; also,
reproach; disgrace.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shent</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. 3d pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Shend</u>, for <i>shendeth</i>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shend.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>She"ol</hw> (sh&emacr;"&omacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>sh&ebreve;&omacr;l</i>.] <def>The place of departed spirits; Hades;
also, the grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For thou wilt not leave my soul to
<i>sheol</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xvi. 10. (Rev. Ver.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Shep"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stable; a
shippen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shepne</i> brenning with the blacke
smoke.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>schepherde</i>, <i>schephirde</i>, AS. <i>sce&aacute;phyrde</i>;
<i>sce&aacute;p</i> sheep + <i>hyrde</i>, <i>hirde</i>, <i>heorde</i>,
a herd, a guardian.  See <u>Sheep</u>, and <u>Herd</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man employed in tending, feeding, and
guarding sheep, esp. a flock grazing at large.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The pastor of a church; one with the
religious guidance of others.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shepherd bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
crested screamer. See <u>Screamer</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shepherd
dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a breed of dogs used largely
for the herding and care of sheep. There are several kinds, as the
collie, or Scotch shepherd dog, and the English shepherd dog. Called
also <i>shepherd's dog</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shepherd dog</b></col>,
<cd>a name of Pan.</cd> <i>Keats.</i> -- <col><b>Shepherd
kings</b></col>, <cd>the chiefs of a nomadic people who invaded Egypt
from the East in the traditional period, and conquered it, at least in
part. They were expelled after about five hundred years, and attempts
have been made to connect their expulsion with narrative in the book
of Exodus.</cd> -- <col><b>Shepherd's club</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the common mullein. See <u>Mullein</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shepherd's
crook</b></col>, <cd>a long staff having the end curved so as to form
a large hook, -- used by shepherds.</cd> -- <col><b>Shepherd's
needle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the lady's comb.</cd> --
<col><b>Shepherd's plaid</b></col>, <cd>a kind of woolen cloth of a
checkered black and white pattern.</cd> -- <col><b>Shephered
spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a daddy longlegs, or
harvestman.</cd> -- <col><b>Shepherd's pouch</b></col>, or
<col><b>Shepherd's purse</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an annual
cruciferous plant (<i>Capsella Bursapastoris</i>) bearing small white
flowers and pouchlike pods. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Silicle</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Shepherd's rod</b></col>, or <col><b>Shepherd's
staff</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the small teasel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shepherded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shepherding</u>.] <def>To tend as a shepherd; to guard, herd, lead,
or drive, as a shepherd.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>White, fleecy clouds . . . </blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shepherded</i> by the slow, unwilling
wind.</blockquote>
 <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who tends
sheep; hence, a rural lass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She put herself into the garb of a
<i>shepherdess</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shep*her"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shepherdias</b></plw> (#). [NL. So called from John
<i>Shepherd</i>, an English botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
shrubs having silvery scurfy leaves, and belonging to the same family
as El&aelig;agnus; also, any plant of this genus. See <i>Buffalo
berry</i>, under <u>Buffalo</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1328 !></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
shepherd; suiting a shepherd; pastoral.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pastoral life
or occupation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
shepherd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shep"herd*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling, or
becoming to, a shepherd; pastoral; rustic.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shep"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
seamstress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Caxton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sher"bet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>sherbet</i>,
<i>shorbet</i>, <i>sharbat</i>, properly, one drink or sip, a draught,
beverage, from <i>shariba</i> to drink.  Cf. <u>Sorbet</u>,
<u>Sirup</u>, <u>Shrub</u> a drink.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
refreshing drink, common in the East, made of the juice of some fruit,
diluted, sweetened, and flavored in various ways; as, orange
<i>sherbet</i>; lemon <i>sherbet</i>; raspberry <i>sherbet</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flavored water ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A preparation of bicarbonate of soda,
tartaric acid, sugar, etc., variously flavored, for making an
effervescing drink; -- called also <i>sherbet powder</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sherd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fragment; -- now
used only in composition, as in pot<i>sherd</i>. See
<u>Shard</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The thigh . . . which all in <i>sherds</i> it
drove.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Sher"eef</hw> (?), <hw>||Sher"if</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>sher&imacr;f</i> noble, holy, n., a
prince.] <def>A member of an Arab princely family descended from
Mohammed through his son-in-law Ali and daughter Fatima. The Grand
Shereef is the governor of Mecca.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sher"i*at</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>sher&imacr; 'at</i>] <def>The sacred law of the Turkish
empire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sher"iff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shereve</i>, AS.
<i>sc&imacr;r-ger&?;fa</i>; <i>sc&imacr;r</i> a shire +
<i>ger&?;fa</i> a reeve. See Shire, and <u>Reeve</u>, and cf.
<u>Shrievalty</u>.] <def>The chief officer of a shire or county, to
whom is intrusted the execution of the laws, the serving of judicial
writs and processes, and the preservation of the peace.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, sheriffs are appointed by the king. In the
United States, sheriffs are elected by the legislature or by the
citizens, or appointed and commissioned by the executive of the State.
The office of sheriff in England is judicial and ministerial. In the
United States, it is mainly ministerial. The sheriff, by himself or
his deputies, executes civil and criminal process throughout the
county, has charge of the jail and prisoners, attends courts, and
keeps the peace. His judicial authority is generally confined to
ascertaining damages on writs of inquiry and the like. <i>Sheriff</i>,
in Scotland, called <i>sheriff depute</i>, is properly a judge, having
also certain ministerial powers. <i>Sheriff clerk</i> is the clerk of
the Sheriff's Court in Scotland. <i>Sheriff's Court in London</i> is a
tribunal having cognizance of certain personal actions in that city.
<i>Wharton, Tomlins. Erskine.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sher"iff*al*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Sher"iff*dom</hw> (?),
<hw>Sher"iff*ry</hw> (?), <hw>Sher"iff*ship</hw> (?),
<hw>Sher"iff*wick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> } <def>The office or
jurisdiction of sheriff. See <u>Shrievalty</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shearn</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sher"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sherry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sher"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>Xeres</i>, a Spanish town near Cadiz, <i>x</i> in Spanish having
been formerly pronounced like <i>sh</i> in English.] <def>A Spanish
light-colored dry wine, made in Andalusia. As prepared for commerce it
is colored a straw color or a deep amber by mixing with it cheap wine
boiled down.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sherry cobbler</b></col>, <cd>a beverage prepared with
sherry wine, water, lemon or orange, sugar, ice, etc., and usually
imbided through a straw or a glass tube.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sher"ry*val`lies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>zaraquelles</i> wide breeches or overalls.] <def>Trousers or
overalls of thick cloth or leather, buttoned on the outside of each
leg, and generally worn to protect other trousers when riding on
horseback.</def> [Local, U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Shet</u>. (Obs. <u>Shette</u> (&?; or
&?;)); <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> <u>Shet</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Shetting</u>.] <def>To shut.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shete</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
shoot.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sheth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part of a plow
which projects downward beneath the beam, for holding the share and
other working parts; -- also called <i>standard</i>, or
<i>post</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shet"land po"ny</hw> (?). <def>One of a small, hardy breed of
horses, with long mane and tail, which originated in the Shetland
Islands; a sheltie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Show</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Show.</def> [Obs. except
in shewbread.]</p>

<p><hw>Shew"bread`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Showbread</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shew"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scarecrow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shews. See
<u>Shower</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shewn</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shi"ah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Shiite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shib"bo*leth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>shibb&omacr;leth</i> an ear of corn, or a stream, a flood.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A word which was made the criterion by which
to distinguish the Ephraimites from the Gileadites. The Ephraimites,
not being able to pronounce <i>sh</i>, called the word
<i>sibboleth</i>. See <i>Judges xii.</i></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without reprieve, adjudged to death,<BR>
For want of well pronouncing <i>shibboleth</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><def>Also in an extended sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>th</i>, with its twofold value, is . . . the
<i>shibboleth</i> of foreigners.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the criterion, test, or watchword of
a party; a party cry or pet phrase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shide</i>,
<i>schide</i>, AS. <i>sc&imacr;de</i>; akin to OHG. <i>sc&imacr;t</i>,
G. <i>scheit</i>, Icel. <i>sk&imacr;&eth;</i>, and E. <i>shed</i>,
v.t.] <def>A thin board; a billet of wood; a splinter.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shie</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Shy</u>, to
throw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shied</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sheeling.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shield</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sheld</i>,
<i>scheld</i>, AS. <i>scield</i>, <i>scild</i>, <i>sceld</i>,
<i>scyld</i>; akin to OS. <i>scild</i>, OFries. <i>skeld</i>, D. &amp; G.
<i>schild</i>, OHG. <i>scilt</i>, Icel. <i>skj&ouml;ldr</i>, Sw.
<i>sk&ouml;ld</i>, Dan. <i>skiold</i>, Goth. <i>skildus</i>; of
uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Sheldrake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
broad piece of defensive armor, carried on the arm, -- formerly in
general use in war, for the protection of the body. See
<u>Buckler</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now put your <i>shields</i> before your hearts and
fight,<BR>
With hearts more proof than <i>shields</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which protects or defends;
defense; shelter; protection.</def> "My council is my <i>shield</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, one who protects or
defends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear not, Abram; I am thy <i>shield</i>, and thy
exceeding great reward.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xv. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In lichens, a Hardened cup or
disk surrounded by a rim and containing the fructification, or
asci.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The escutcheon or field on
which are placed the bearings in coats of arms.  Cf. <u>Lozenge</u>.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Escutcheon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mining &amp; Tunneling)</i> <def>A framework
used to protect workmen in making an adit under ground, and capable of
being pushed along as excavation progresses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A spot resembling, or having the form of, a
shield.</def> "Bespotted as with <i>shields</i> of red and black."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A coin, the old French crown, or
&eacute;cu, having on one side the figure of a shield.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shield fern</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any fern of the
genus <i>Aspidium</i>, in which the fructifications are covered with
shield-shaped indusia; -- called also <i>wood fern</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Indusium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shield</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shielded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shielding</u>.] [AS. <i>scidan</i>, <i>scyldan</i>. <i>See</i>
<u>Shield</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover
with, or as with, a shield; to cover from danger; to defend; to
protect from assault or injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shouts of applause ran ringing through the field,<BR>
To see the son the vanquished father <i>shield</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman's shape doth <i>shield</i> thee.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ward off; to keep off or out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They brought with them their usual weeds, fit to
<i>shield</i> the cold to which they had been inured.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To avert, as a misfortune; hence, as a
supplicatory exclamation, forbid!</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>shield</i> that it should so
befall.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>shield</i> I should disturb
devotion!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shield"-bear`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, carries a
shield.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small moth of the
genus <i>Aspidisca</i>, whose larva makes a shieldlike covering for
itself out of bits of leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shield"drake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sheldrake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shield"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
shield, or of protection.</def> -- <wf>Shield"less*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Shield"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shield"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of small burrowing snakes of the family
<i>Uropeltid&aelig;</i>, native of Ceylon and Southern Asia. They have
a small mouth which can not be dilated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiel"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hut or shelter
for shepherds of fishers. See <u>Sheeling</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Shift</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shifted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shifting</u>.] [OE. <i>shiften</i>, <i>schiften</i>, to divide,
change, remove. AS. <i>sciftan</i> to divide; akin to LG. &amp; D.
<i>schiften</i> to divide, distinguish, part Icel. <i>skipta</i> to
divide, to part, to shift, to change, Dan <i>skifte</i>, Sw.
<i>skifta</i>, and probably to Icel. <i>sk&imacr;fa</i> to cut into
slices, as n., a slice, and to E. <i>shive</i>, <i>sheave</i>, n.,
<i>shiver</i>, n.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide; to distribute;
to apportion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To which God of his bounty would <i>shift</i><BR>
Crowns two of flowers well smelling.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change the place of; to move or remove
from one place to another; as, to <i>shift</i> a burden from one
shoulder to another; to <i>shift</i> the blame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hastily he <i>schifte</i> him[self].</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pare saffron between the two St. Mary's days,<BR>
Or set or go <i>shift</i> it that knowest the ways.</blockquote>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To change the position of; to alter the
bearings of; to turn; as, to <i>shift</i> the helm or sails.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Carrying the oar loose, [they] <i>shift</i> it hither
and thither at pleasure.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To exchange for another of the same class;
to remove and to put some similar thing in its place; to change; as,
to <i>shift</i> the clothes; to <i>shift</i> the scenes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would advise you to <i>shift</i> a
shirt.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To change the clothing of; -- used
reflexively.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As it were to ride day and night; and . . . not to have
patience to <i>shift</i> me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To put off or out of the way by some
expedient.</def> "I <i>shifted</i> him away."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To shift off</b></col>, <cd>to delay; to defer; to put off;
to lay aside.</cd> -- <col><b>To shift the scene</b></col>, <cd>to
change the locality or the surroundings, as in a play or a
story.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shift the scene</i> for half an hour;<BR>
Time and place are in thy power.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shift</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
divide; to distribute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some this, some that, as that him liketh
<i>shift</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a change or changes; to change
position; to move; to veer; to substitute one thing for another; --
used in the various senses of the transitive verb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sixth age <i>shifts</i><BR>
Into the lean and slippered pantaloon.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here the Baillie <i>shifted</i> and fidgeted about in
his seat.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To resort to expedients for accomplishing a
purpose; to contrive; to manage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men in distress will look to themselves, and leave
their companions to <i>shift</i> as well as they can.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To practice indirect or evasive
methods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All those schoolmen, though they were exceeding witty,
yet better teach all their followers to <i>shift</i>, than to resolve
by their distinctions.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To slip to one side of a
ship, so as to destroy the equilibrum; -- said of ballast or cargo;
as, the cargo <i>shifted</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel <i>skipti</i>.
See <u>Shift</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of shifting.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act
of putting one thing in the place of another, or of changing the place
of a thing; change; substitution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My going to Oxford was not merely for <i>shift</i> of
air.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A turning from one thing to another; hence, an
expedient tried in difficulty; often, an evasion; a trick; a fraud.
"Reduced to pitiable <i>shifts</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll find a thousand <i>shifts</i> to get
away.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Little souls on little <i>shifts</i> rely.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something frequently shifted; especially, a
woman's under-garment; a chemise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The change of one set of workmen for
another; hence, a spell, or turn, of work; also, a set of workmen who
work in turn with other sets; as, a night <i>shift</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In building, the extent, or arrangement, of
the overlapping of plank, brick, stones, etc., that are placed in
courses so as to break joints.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A breaking off and
dislocation of a seam; a fault.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A change of the position of
the hand on the finger board, in playing the violin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To make shift</b></col>, <cd>to contrive or manage in an
exigency.</cd>  "I shall <i>make shift</i> to go without him."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] <i>made a shift</i> to keep their own in
Ireland.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Shift"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting of
being shifted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shift"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, shifts; one who plays tricks or practices
artifice; a cozener.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T was such a <i>shifter</i> that, if truth were
known,<BR>
Death was half glad when he had got him down.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An assistant to the ship's
cook in washing, steeping, and shifting the salt provisions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
arrangement for shifting a belt sidewise from one pulley to
another.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Knitting Mach.)</i> <def>A wire
for changing a loop from one needle to another, as in narrowing,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shift"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being shifty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Diplomatic <i>shiftiness</i> and political
versatility.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Syminds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shift"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Changing in place, position, or direction; varying; variable;
fickle; as, <i>shifting</i> winds; <i>shifting</i> opinions or
principles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adapted or used for shifting
anything.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shifting backstays</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>temporary
stays that have to be let go whenever the vessel tacks or jibes.</cd>
-- <col><b>Shifting ballast</b></col>, <cd>ballast which may be moved
from one side of a vessel to another as safety requires.</cd> --
<col><b>Shifting center</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Metacenter</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shifting locomotive</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Switching
engine</i>, under <u>Switch</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shift"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shifting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shift"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
expedients, or not using successful expedients; characterized by
failure, especially by failure to provide for one's own support,
through negligence or incapacity; hence, lazy; improvident;
thriftless; as, a <i>shiftless</i> fellow; <i>shiftless</i>
management.</def> -- <wf>Shift"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shift"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shift"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of, or ready
with, shifts; fertile in expedients or contrivance.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shifty</i> and thrifty as old Greek or modern Scot,
there were few things he could not invent, and perhaps nothing he
could not endure.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shi"ite</hw> (?), <hw>Shi"ah</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Ar. <i>sh&imacr;'a&imacr;</i>a follower of the sect of Ali, fr.
<i>sh&imacr;'at</i>, <i>sh&imacr;'ah</i>, a multitude following one
another in pursuit of the same object, the sect of Ali, fr.
<i>sh&amacr;'a</i> to follow.] <def>A member of that branch of the
Mohammedans to which the Persians belong. They reject the first three
caliphs, and consider Ali as being the first and only rightful
successor of Mohammed. They do not acknowledge the Sunna, or body of
traditions respecting Mohammed, as any part of the law, and on these
accounts are treated as heretics by the Sunnites, or orthodox
Mohammedans.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shi*ka"ree</hw>, <hw>||Shi*ka"ri</hw>  } (?)
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Hind</i>.] <def>A sportsman; esp., a native
hunter.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Shilf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. G. <i>shilf</i>
sedge.] <def>Straw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shell.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sheal</u>.] <def>To
put under cover; to sheal.</def> [Prov.ng.]  <i>Brockett.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shil*la"lah</hw>, <hw>Shil*le"lah</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An oaken sapling or cudgel; any cudgel; --
so called from <i>Shillelagh</i>, a place in Ireland of that name
famous for its oaks.</def> [Irish] [Written also <i>shillaly</i>, and
<i>shillely</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shil"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shilling</i>,
<i>schilling</i>, AS. <i>scilling</i>; akin to D. <i>schelling</i>,
OS. &amp; OHG. <i>scilling</i>, G. <i>schilling</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>skilling</i>, Icel. <i>skillingr</i>, Goth. <i>skilliggs</i>, and
perh. to OHG. <i>scellan</i> to sound, G. <i>schallen</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A silver coin, and money of account, of Great
Britain and its dependencies, equal to twelve pence, or the twentieth
part of a pound, equivalent to about twenty-four cents of the United
States currency.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the United States, a denomination of
money, differing in value in different States. It is not now legally
recognized.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many of the States while colonies had issued bills of credit
which had depreciated in different degrees in the different colonies.
Thus, in New England currency (used also in Virginia, Kentucky,
Tennessee, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Mississippi, Alabama, and
Florida), after the adoption of the decimal system, the pound in paper
money was worth only $3.333, and the shilling 16&?; cts., or 6s. to
$1; in New York currency (also in North Carolina, Ohio, and Michigan),
the pound was worth $2.50, and the shilling 12&frac12; cts., or 8s. to
$1; in Pennsylvania currency (also in New Jersey, Delaware, and
Maryland), the pound was worth $2.70, and the shilling 13&frac12;
cts., or 7s. 6d. to $1; and in Georgia currency (also in South
Carolina), the pound was worth $4.29&?;, and the shilling 21&?; cts.,
or 4s  8d. to $1. In many parts of the country . . . the reckoning by
shillings and pence is not yet entirely abandoned.  <i>Am.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1329 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The Spanish real, of the value of one eight
of a dollar, or 12&?; cets; -- formerly so called in New York and some
other States. See Note under 2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>York shilling</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Shilling</u>,
3.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shill"-I-shall`-I</hw> (?), <hw>Shil"ly-shal`ly</hw>, }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [A reduplication of <i>shall I</i>.] <def>In an
irresolute, undecided, or hesitating manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am somewhat dainty in making a resolution, because
when I make it, I keep it; I don't stand <i>shill-I-shall-I</i> then;
if I say 't, I'll do 't.</blockquote> <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shil"ly-shal`ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hesitate;
to act in an irresolute manner; hence, to occupy one's self with
trifles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shil"ly-shal`ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Irresolution;
hesitation; also, occupation with trifles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>She lost not one of her forty-five minutes in
picking and choosing</i>, -- <i>no shilly-shally</i> in
Kate.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shi"loh</hw> (sh&imacr;\'b6l&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Heb. <i>sh&imacr;l&omacr;h</i>, literally, quiet, rest, fr.
<i>sh&amacr;l&amacr;h</i> to rest.] <i>(Script.)</i> <def>A word used
by Jacob on his deathbed, and interpreted variously, as "the Messiah,"
or as the city "Shiloh," or as "Rest."</def></p>

<p><hw>Shi"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shyly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
kind of shallow plow used in tillage to break the ground, and clear it
of weeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A thin piece of metal placed
between two parts to make a fit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shim"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shimmered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shimmering</u>.] [OE. <i>schimeren</i>, AS. <i>scimerian</i>; akin
to <i>sc&imacr;mian</i>, <i>sc&imacr;man</i>, to glitter, D.
<i>schemeren</i>, G. <i>schimmern</i>, Dan. <i>skimre</i>, Sw.
<i>skimra</i>, AS. <i>sc&imacr;ma</i> a light, brightness, Icel.
<i>sk&imacr;ma</i>, Goth. <i>skeima</i> a torch, a lantern, and E.
<i>shine</i>. &radic;157. See <u>Shine</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>To shine with a tremulous or intermittent light; to shine
faintly; to gleam; to glisten; to glimmer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shimmering</i> glimpses of a
stream.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shim"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A faint, tremulous
light; a gleaming; a glimmer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>TWo silver lamps, fed with perfumed oil, diffused . . .
a trembling twilight-seeming <i>shimmer</i> through the quiet
apartment.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shim"mer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gleam or
glimmering.</def> "A little <i>shimmering</i> of a light."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shim"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chemise.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Shin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shine</i>,
<i>schine</i>, AS. scina; akin to D. <i>scheen</i>, OHG. <i>scina</i>,
G. <i>schiene</i>, <i>schien</i>bein, Dan. <i>skinne</i>been, Sw.
<i>sken</i>ben.  Cf. <u>Chine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The front
part of the leg below the knee; the front edge of the shin bone; the
lower part of the leg; the shank.</def> "On his <i>shin</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Railbroad)</i> <def>A fish plate for
rails.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shin bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the tibia.</cd> --
<col><b>Shin leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a perennial ericaceous
herb (<i>Pyrola elliptica</i>) with a cluster of radical leaves and a
raceme of greenish white flowers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shinned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shinning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To climb a mast, tree, rope,
or the like, by embracing it alternately with the arms and legs,
without help of steps, spurs, or the like; -- used with <i>up</i>; as,
to <i>shin</i> up a mast.</def> [Slang]
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To run about borrowing money hastily and
temporarily, as for the payment of one's notes at the bank.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To climb (a pole, etc.)
by shinning up.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Shin"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d
<u>Shingle</u>.] <def>A shingle; also, a slate for roofing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shin"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover or roof
with shindles.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shin"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shindies</b></plw> (#). [Etymol. uncertain; cf.
<u>Shinney</u>, <u>Shinty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An uproar or
disturbance; a spree; a row; a riot.</def> [Slang]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hockey; shinney.</def>
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fancy or liking.</def> [Local, U. S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shone</u> (&?; or &?;; 277) (archaic <u>Shined</u>
(&?;)); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shining</u>.] [OE.
<i>shinen</i>, <i>schinen</i>, AS. <i>sc&imacr;nan</i>; akin to D.
<i>schijnen</i>, OFries. <i>sk&imacr;na</i>, OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>sc&imacr;nan</i>, G. <i>scheinen</i>, Icel. <i>sk&imacr;na</i>, Sw.
<i>skina</i>, Dan. <i>skinne</i>, Goth. <i>skeinan</i>, and perh. to
Gr. &?;&?;&?; shadow. &radic;157.  Cf. <u>Sheer</u> pure, and
<u>Shimmer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To emit rays of light; to
give light; to beam with steady radiance; to exhibit brightness or
splendor; as, the sun <i>shines</i> by day; the moon <i>shines</i> by
night.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hyperion's quickening fire doth
<i>shine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God, who commanded the light to <i>shine</i> out of
darkness, hath <i>shined</i> in our hearts, to give the light of the
knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus
Cghrist.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. iv. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let thine eyes <i>shine</i> forth in their full
luster.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be bright by reflection of light; to
gleam; to be glossy; as, to <i>shine</i> like polished
silver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be effulgent in splendor or
beauty.</def> "So proud she <i>shined</i> in her princely state."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Once brightest <i>shined</i> this child of heat and
air.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be eminent, conspicuous, or
distinguished; to exhibit brilliant intellectual powers; as, to
<i>shine</i> in courts; to <i>shine</i> in conversation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Few are qualified to <i>shine</i> in company; but it in
most men's power to be agreeable.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make</b></col>, or <col><b>cause</b></col>, <col><b>the
face to shine upon</b></col>, <cd>to be propitious to; to be gracious
to.</cd>  <i>Num. vi. 25.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to shine, as a light.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He [God] doth not rain wealth, nor <i>shine</i> honor
and virtues, upon men equally.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make bright; to cause to shine by
reflected light; as, in hunting, to <i>shine</i> the eyes of a deer at
night by throwing a light on them.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of shining; brightness; luster, gloss; polish;
sheen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now sits not girt with taper's holy
<i>shine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair opening to some court's propitious
<i>shine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The distant <i>shine</i> of the celestial
city.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sunshine; fair weather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be it fair or foul, or rain or
<i>shine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A liking for a person; a fancy.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Caper; antic; row.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>To cut up shines</b></col>, <cd>to play pranks.</cd>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sc&imacr;n</i>.
See <u>Shine</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Shining; sheen.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
shines.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A luminary.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A bright piece of money.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>Has she the <i>shiners</i>, d' ye think?</blockquote>
<i>Foote.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of small freshwater American cyprinoid fishes, belonging to
<i>Notropis</i>, or <i>Minnilus</i>, and allied genera; as the redfin
(<i>Notropis megalops</i>), and the golden <i>shiner</i>
(<i>Notemigonus chrysoleucus</i>) of the Eastern United States; also
loosely applied to various other silvery fishes, as the dollar fish,
or horsefish, menhaden, moonfish, sailor's choice, and the
sparada.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
Lepisma, or furniture bug.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blunt-nosed shiner</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
silver moonfish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shi"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shyness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from Norw.
<i>singl</i>, <i>singling</i>, coarse gravel, small round stones.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Round, water-worn, and loose gravel and pebbles,
or a collection of roundish stones, such as are common on the seashore
and elsewhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shingle</i>,
<i>shindle</i>, fr. L. <i>scindula</i>, <i>scandula</i>; cf.
<i>scindere</i> to cleave, to split, E. <i>shed</i>, v.t., Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, shingle, &?;&?;&?; to slit.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A piece of wood sawed or rived thin and small, with one end
thinner than the other, -- used in covering buildings, especially
roofs, the thick ends of one row overlapping the thin ends of the row
below.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I reached St. Asaph, . . . where there is a very poor
cathedral church covered with <i>shingles</i> or tiles.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sign for an office or a shop; as, to hang
out one's <i>shingle</i>.</def> [Jocose, U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Shingle oak</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of oak
(<i>Quercus imbricaria</i>) used in the Western States for making
shingles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &. p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shingled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shingling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with shingles;
as, to <i>shingle</i> a roof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>shingle</i> their houses with it.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut, as hair, so that the ends are
evenly exposed all over the head, as shingles on a roof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To subject to the
process of shindling, as a mass of iron from the pudding
furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shingles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine for shingling puddled
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>cengle</i> a
girth, F. <i>sangle</i>, fr. L. <i>cingulum</i> a girdle, fr.
<i>cingere</i> to gird.  Cf. <u>Cincture</u>, <u>Cingle</u>,
<u>Surcingle</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of herpes (<i>Herpes
zoster</i>) which spreads half way around the body like a girdle, and
is usually attended with violent neuralgic pain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of covering with shingles; shingles, collectively; a
covering made of shingles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal)</i> <def>The process of expelling
scori&aelig; and other impurities by hammering and squeezing, in the
production of wrought iron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shingling hammer</b></col>, <cd>a ponderous hammer moved by
machinery, used in shingling puddled iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Shingling
mill</b></col>, <cd>a mill or forge where puddled iron is
shingled.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shin"gly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
shingle, or gravel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"hop`ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
hobblebush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Emitting light, esp. in a continuous manner; radiant; as,
<i>shining</i> lamps; also, bright by the reflection of light; as,
<i>shining</i> armor.</def> "Fish . . . with their fins and
<i>shining</i> scales."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Splendid; illustrious; brilliant;
distinguished; conspicious; as, a <i>shining</i> example of
charity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having the surface smooth and polished; --
said of leaves, the surfaces of shells, etc.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Glistening; bright; radiant; resplendent; effulgent;
lustrous; brilliant; glittering; splendid; illustrious.  --
<u>Shining</u>, <u>Brilliant</u>, <u>Sparking</u>. <i>Shining</i>
describes the steady emission of a strong light, or the steady
reflection of light from a clear or polished surface. <i>Brilliant</i>
denotes a shining of great brightness, but with gleams or flashes.
<i>Sparkling</i> implies a fitful, intense shining from radiant points
or sparks, by which the eye is dazzled. The same distinctions obtain
when these epithets are figuratively applied. A man of <i>shining</i>
talents is made conspicious by possessing them; if they flash upon the
mind with a peculiarly striking effect, we call them <i>brilliant</i>;
if his brilliancy is marked by great vivacity and occasional
intensity, he is <i>sparkling</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>True paradise . . . inclosed with <i>shining</i>
rock.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some in a <i>brilliant</i> buckle bind her waist,<BR>
Some round her neck a circling light display.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>sparkling</i> blade about his head he
blest.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shin"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Emission or reflection
of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Brightness.</def>
<i>J. Spence.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shin"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Shindy</u>.]
<def>The game of hockey; -- so called because of the liability of the
players to receive blows on the shin.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>
</p>

<p><hw>Shin"plas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Formerly, a
jocose term for a bank note greatly depreciated in value; also, for
paper money of a denomination less than a dollar.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Shin"to</hw> (?), <hw>Shin"ti*ism</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>shin</i> god + <i>tao</i> way,
doctrine.] <def>One of the two great systems of religious belief in
Japan. Its essence is ancestor worship, and sacrifice to dead
heroes.</def> [Written also <i>Sintu</i>, and <i>Sintuism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shin"to*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent of
Shintoism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shin"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael.
<i>sinteag</i> a skip, a bound.] <def>A Scotch game resembling hockey;
also, the club used in the game.</def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shin"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shinier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shiniest</u>.] <def>Bright; luminous;
clear; unclouded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like distant thunder on a <i>shiny</i>
day.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>-ship</hw> (?). [OE. <i>-schipe</i>, AS. <i>-scipe</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>-skipe</i>, OLG. <i>-skepi</i>, D. <i>-schap</i>, OHG. <i>-
scaf</i>, G. <i>-schaft</i>.  Cf. <u>Shape</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
and <u>Landscape</u>.] <def>A suffix denoting <i>state</i>,
<i>office</i>, <i>dignity</i>, <i>profession</i>, or <i>art</i>; as in
lord<i>ship</i>, friend<i>ship</i>, chancellor<i>ship</i>,
steward<i>ship</i>, horseman<i>ship</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scipe</i>.]
<def>Pay; reward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In withholding or abridging of the <i>ship</i> or the
hire or the wages of servants.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ship</i>, <i>schip</i>,
AS. <i>scip</i>; akin to OFries. <i>skip</i>, OS. <i>scip</i>, D.
<i>schip</i>, G. <i>schiff</i>, OHG. <i>scif</i>, Dan. <i>skib</i>,
Sw. <i>skeep</i>, Icel. &amp; Goth. <i>skip</i>; of unknown origin.  Cf.
<u>Equip</u>, <u>Skiff</u>, <u>Skipper</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any large seagoing vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a stately <i>ship</i> . . . <BR>
With all her bravery on, and tackle trim,<BR>
Sails filled, and streamers waving.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou, too, sail on, O <i>Ship</i> of
State!</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a vessel furnished with a
bowsprit and three masts (a mainmast, a foremast, and a mizzenmast),
each of which is composed of a lower mast, a topmast, and a topgallant
mast, and square-rigged on all masts. See <i>Illustation</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><i>l</i> Port or Larboard Side; <i>s</i> Starboard Side; 1
Roundhouse or Deck House; 2 Tiller; 3 Grating; 4 Wheel; 5 Wheel
Chains; 6 Binnacle; 7 Mizzenmast; 8 Skylight; 9 Capstan; 10 Mainmast;
11 Pumps; 12 Galley or Caboose; 13 Main Hatchway; 14 Windlass; 15
Foremast; 16 Fore Hatchway; 17 Bitts; 18 Bowsprit; 19 Head Rail; 20
Boomkins; 21 Catheads on Port Bow and Starboard Bow; 22 Fore Chains;
23 Main Chains; 24 Mizzen Chains; 25 Stern.</p>

<p>1 Fore Royal Stay; 2 Flying Jib Stay; 3 Fore Topgallant Stay;4 Jib
Stay; 5 Fore Topmast Stays; 6 Fore Tacks; 8 Flying Martingale; 9
Martingale Stay, shackled to Dolphin Striker; 10 Jib Guys; 11 Jumper
Guys; 12 Back Ropes; 13 Robstays; 14 Flying Jib Boom; 15 Flying Jib
Footropes; 16 Jib Boom; 17 Jib Foottropes; 18 Bowsprit; 19 Fore Truck;
20 Fore Royal Mast; 21 Fore Royal Lift; 22 Fore Royal Yard; 23 Fore
Royal Backstays; 24 Fore Royal Braces; 25 Fore Topgallant Mast and
Rigging; 26 Fore Topgallant Lift; 27 Fore Topgallant Yard; 28 Fore
Topgallant Backstays; 29 Fore Topgallant Braces; 30 Fore Topmast and
Rigging; 31 Fore Topsail Lift; 32 Fore Topsail Yard; 33 Fore Topsail
Footropes; 34 Fore Topsail Braces; 35 Fore Yard; 36 Fore Brace; 37
Fore Lift; 38 Fore Gaff; 39 Fore Trysail Vangs; 40 Fore Topmast
Studding-sail Boom; 41 Foremast and Rigging; 42 Fore Topmast
Backstays; 43 Fore Sheets; 44 Main Truck and Pennant; 45 Main Royal
Mast and Backstay; 46 Main Royal Stay; 47 Main Royal Lift; 48 Main
Royal Yard; 49 Main Royal Braces; 50 Main Topgallant Mast and Rigging;
51 Main Topgallant Lift; 52 Main Topgallant Backstays; 53 Main
Topgallant Yard; 54 Main Topgallant Stay; 55 Main Topgallant Braces;
56 Main Topmast and Rigging; 57 Topsail Lift; 58 Topsail Yard; 59
Topsail Footropes; 60 Topsail Braces; 61 Topmast Stays; 62 Main
Topgallant Studding-sail Boom; 63 Main Topmast Backstay; 64 Main Yard;
65 Main Footropes; 66 Mainmast and Rigging; 67 Main Lift; 68 Main
Braces; 69 Main Tacks; 70 Main Sheets; 71 Main Trysail Gaff; 72 Main
Trysail Vangs; 73 Main Stays; 74 Mizzen Truck; 75 Mizzen Royal Mast
and Rigging; 76 Mizzen Royal Stay; 77 Mizzen Royal Lift; 78 Mizzen
Royal Yard; 79 Mizzen Royal Braces; 80 Mizzen Topgallant Mast and
Rigging; 81 Mizzen Topgallant Lift; 82 Mizzen Topgallant Backstays; 83
Mizzen Topgallant Braces; 84 Mizzen Topgallant Yard; 85 Mizzen
Topgallant Stay; 86 Mizzen Topmast and Rigging; 87 Mizzen Topmast
Stay; 88 Mizzen Topsail Lift; 89 Mizzen Topmast Backstays; 90 Mizzen
Topsail Braces; 91 Mizzen Topsail Yard; 92 Mizzen Topsail Footropes;
93 Crossjack Yard; 94 Crossjack Footropes; 95 Crossjack Lift; 96
Crossjack Braces; 97 Mizzenmast and Rigging; 98 Mizzen Stay; 99
Spanker Gaff; 100 Peak Halyards; 101 Spanker Vangs; 102 Spanker Boom;
103 Spanker Boom Topping Lift; 104 Jacob's Ladder, or Stern Ladder;
105 Spanker Sheet; 106 Cutwater; 107 Starboard Bow; 108 Starboard
Beam; 109 Water Line; 110 Starboard Quarter; 111 Rudder.</p>

<p><! p. 1330 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dish or utensil (originally fashioned
like the hull of a ship) used to hold incense.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Armed ship</b></col>, <cd>a private ship taken into the
service of the government in time of war, and armed and equipped like
a ship of war.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>General
ship</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>General</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship
biscuit</b></col>, <cd>hard biscuit prepared for use on shipboard; --
called also <i>ship bread</i>. See <u>Hardtack</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship boy</b></col>, <cd>a boy who serves in a ship.</cd>
"Seal up the <i>ship boy's</i> eyes." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Ship
breaker</b></col>, <cd>one who breaks up vessels when unfit for
further use.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship broker</b></col>, <cd>a mercantile
agent employed in buying and selling ships, procuring cargoes, etc.,
and generally in transacting the business of a ship or ships when in
port.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship canal</b></col>, <cd>a canal suitable for
the passage of seagoing vessels.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship
carpenter</b></col>, <cd>a carpenter who works at shipbuilding; a
shipwright.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship chandler</b></col>, <cd>one who deals
in cordage, canvas, and other, furniture of vessels.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship chandlery</b></col>, <cd>the commodities in which a ship
chandler deals; also, the business of a ship chandler.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a form of typhus
fever; -- called also <i>putrid, jail, or hospital fever</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship joiner</b></col>, <cd>a joiner who works upon ships.</cd>
-- <col><b>Ship letter</b></col>, <cd>a letter conveyed by a ship not
a mail packet.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship money</b></col> <i>(Eng.
Hist.)</i>, <cd>an imposition formerly charged on the ports, towns,
cities, boroughs, and counties, of England, for providing and
furnishing certain ships for the king's service. The attempt made by
Charles I. to revive and enforce this tax was resisted by John
Hampden, and was one of the causes which led to the death of Charles.
It was finally abolished.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship of the line</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Line</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship pendulum</b></col>,
<cd>a pendulum hung amidships to show the extent of the rolling and
pitching of a vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship railway</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An inclined railway with a cradelike car, by
means of which a ship may be drawn out of water, as for repairs</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A railway arranged for the transportation of
vessels overland between two water courses or harbors.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship's company</b></col>, <cd>the crew of a ship or other
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship's days</b></col>, <cd>the days allowed a
vessel for loading or unloading.</cd> -- <col><b>Ship's
husband</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Husband</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ship's papers</b></col> <i>(Mar. Law)</i>, <cd>papers with
which a vessel is required by law to be provided, and the production
of which may be required on certain occasions.  Among these papers are
the register, passport or sea letter, charter party, bills of lading,
invoice, log book, muster roll, bill of health, etc.</cd>
<i>Bouvier.</i> <i>Kent.</i> -- <col><b>To make ship</b></col>, <cd>to
embark in a ship or other vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shipping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put on board of a ship,
or vessel of any kind, for transportation; to send by water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The timber was . . . <i>shipped</i> in the bay of
Attalia, from whence it was by sea transported to
Pelusium.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By extension, in commercial usage, to
commit to any conveyance for transportation to a distance; as, to
<i>ship</i> freight by railroad.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to send away; to get rid of.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To engage or secure for service on board of
a ship; as, to <i>ship</i> seamen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To receive on board ship; as, to
<i>ship</i> a sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To put in its place; as, to <i>ship</i> the
tiller or rudder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
engage to serve on board of a vessel; as, to <i>ship</i> on a man-of-
war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To embark on a ship.</def>  <i>Wyclif (Acts
xxviii. 11)</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ship</i> +
<i>board.</i> See <u>Board</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8] <def>A ship's
side; hence, by extension, a ship; -- found chiefly in adverbial
phrases; as, on <i>shipboard</i>; a <i>shipboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"build`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
whose occupation is to construct ships and other vessels; a naval
architect; a shipwright.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"build`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Naval
architecturel the art of constructing ships and other
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shipfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much or as many as a ship
will hold; enough to fill a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
shipowner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
ships.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
ship.</def> [R.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"load`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The load, or
cargo, of a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shipmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A seaman, or sailor.</def> [Obs.
or Poetic]  <i>Chaucer. R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>About midnight the <i>shipmen</i> deemed that they drew
near to some country.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvii. 27.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shipman's card</b></col>, <cd>the mariner's compass.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The captain,
master, or commander of a ship.</def>  <i>Jonah i. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who serves
on board of the same ship with another; a fellow sailor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of shipping; as, he was engaged in the
<i>shipment</i> of coal for London; an active <i>shipment</i> of wheat
from the West.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is shipped.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The question is, whether the share of M. in the
<i>shipment</i> is exempted from condemnation by reason of his neutral
domicle.</blockquote> <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"own`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Owner of a ship
or ships.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"pen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scypen</i>.
Cf. <u>Shop</u>, <u>Shepen</u>.] <def>A stable; a cowhouse.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ship"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ship</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Skipper</u>.] <def>One who sends
goods from one place to another not in the same city or town, esp. one
who sends goods by water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Relating to ships, their ownership, transfer, or employment; as,
<i>shiping</i> concerns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or concerned in, the
forwarding of goods; as, a <i>shipping</i> clerk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"ping</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or of that which, ships; as, the
<i>shipping</i> of flour to Liverpool.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of ships in one place,
or belonging to one port, country, etc.; vessels, generally;
tonnage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Navigation.</def> "God send 'em good
<i>shipping</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shipping articles</b></col>, <cd>articles of agreement
between the captain of a vessel and the seamen on board, in respect to
the amount of wages, length of time for which they are shipping,
etc.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> -- <col><b>To take shipping</b></col>,
<cd>to embark; to take ship.</cd> [Obs.] <i>John vi. 24.</i>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"pon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cowhouse; a
shippen.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bessy would either do fieldwork, or attend to the cows,
the <i>shippon</i>, or churn, or make cheese.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"-rigged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Rigged like a ship, that is, having three masts, each with square
sails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"shape`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Arranged in a
manner befitting a ship; hence, trim; tidy; orderly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even then she expressed her scorn for the lubbery
executioner's mode of tying a knot, and did it herself in a
<i>shipshape</i> orthodox manner.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep everything <i>shipshape</i>, for I must
go</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"shape`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
shipshape or seamanlike manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any long, slender, worm-shaped bivalve mollusk of <i>Teredo</i>
and allied genera. The shipworms burrow in wood, and are destructive
to wooden ships, piles of wharves, etc. See <u>Teredo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"wreck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The breaking in pieces, or shattering, of a ship or other vessel
by being cast ashore or driven against rocks, shoals, etc., by the
violence of the winds and waves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ship wrecked or destroyed upon the water,
or the parts of such a ship; wreckage.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Destruction; ruin; irretrievable
loss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Holding faith and a good conscience, which some having
put away concerning faith have made <i>shipwreck</i>.</blockquote>
<i>1 Tim. 1. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was upon an Indian bill that the late ministry
<i>had made shipwreck</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"wreck`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shipwrecked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shipwrecking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To destroy, as a ship at
sea, by running ashore or on rocks or sandbanks, or by the force of
wind and waves in a tempest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shipwrecking</i> storms and direful thunders
break.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to experience shipwreck, as
sailors or passengers. Hence, to cause to suffer some disaster or
loss; to destroy or ruin, as if by shipwreck; to wreck; as, to
<i>shipwreck</i> a business.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ship"wright`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to construct ships; a builder of ships or other
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yard, place,
or inclosure where ships are built or repaired.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shi*raz"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of Persian
wine; -- so called from the place whence it is brought.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sc&imacr;re</i>,
<i>sc&imacr;r</i>, a division, province, county.  Cf. <u>Sheriff</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A portion of Great Britain originally under
the supervision of an earl; a territorial division, usually identical
with a county, but sometimes limited to a smaller district; as,
Wilt<i>shire</i>, York<i>shire</i>, Richmond<i>shire</i>,
Hallam<i>shire</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An indefinite number of these hundreds make up a county
or <i>shire</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A division of a State, embracing several
contiguous townships; a county.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shire</i> is commonly added to the specific designation
of a county as a part of its name; as, York<i>shire</i> instead of
York <i>shire</i>, or the <i>shire</i> of York; Berk<i>shire</i>
instead of Berks <i>shire</i>. Such expressions as <i>the county of
Yorkshire</i>, which in a strict sense are tautological, are used in
England. In the United States the composite word is sometimes the only
name of a county; as, <i>Berkshire county</i>, as it is called in
Massachusetts, instead of <i>Berks county</i>, as in Pensylvania.</p>

<p><blockquote>The Tyne, Tees, Humber, Wash, Yare, Stour, and Thames
separate the counties of Northumberland, Durham, York<i>shire</i>,
Lincoln<i>shire</i>, etc.</blockquote> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Knight of the shire</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Knight</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shire clerk</b></col>, <cd>an officer
of a county court; also, an under sheriff.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Shire mote</b></col> <i>(Old. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the county
court; sheriff's turn, or court.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Cowell.</i>
<i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Shire reeve</b></col> <i>(Old Eng.
Law)</i>, <cd>the reeve, or bailiff, of a shire; a sheriff.</cd>
<i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Shire town</b></col>, <cd>the capital town
of a county; a county town.</cd> -- <col><b>Shire wick</b></col>,
<cd>a county; a shire.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shirked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shirking</u>.] [Probably the same word as <i>shark</i>. See
<u>Shark</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
procure by petty fraud and trickery; to obtain by mean
solicitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You that never heard the call of any vocation, . . .
that <i>shirk</i> living from others, but time from
Yourselves.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Rainbow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To avoid; to escape; to neglect; --
implying unfaithfulness or fraud; as, to <i>shirk</i> duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The usual makeshift by which they try to <i>shirk</i>
difficulties.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
live by shifts and fraud; to shark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To evade an obligation; to avoid the
performance of duty, as by running away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of the cities <i>shirked</i> from the
league.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lives by shifts
and tricks; one who avoids the performance of duty or labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shirk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
shirks.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to
shirk.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Shirl</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shrill.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i> Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Schorl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shir"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The bullfinch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shirr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Sewing)</i> <def>A
series of close parallel runnings which are drawn up so as to make the
material between them set full by gatherings; -- called also
<i>shirring</i>, and <i>gauging</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shirred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Sewing)</i> <def>Made or gathered into a shirr; as, a
<i>shirred</i> bonnet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Broken into an earthen
dish and baked over the fire; -- said of eggs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shirt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schirte</i>,
<i>sherte</i>, <i>schurte</i>; akin to Icel. <i>skyrta</i>, Dan.
<i>skiorte</i>, Sw. <i>skjorta</i>, Dan. <i>ski&ouml;rt</i> a
petticoat, D. <i>schort</i> a petticoat, an argon, G. <i>schurz</i>,
<i>sch&uuml;rze</i>, an argon; all probably from the root of E.
<i>short</i>, as being originally a short garment. See <u>Short</u>,
and cf. <u>Skirt</u>.] <def>A loose under-garment for the upper part
of the body, made of cotton, linen, or other material; -- formerly
used of the under-garment of either sex, now commonly restricted to
that worn by men and boys.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Several persons in December had nothing over their
shoulders but their <i>shirts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She had her <i>shirts</i> and girdles of
hair.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fisher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shirted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shirting</u>.] <def>To cover or clothe with a shirt, or as with a
shirt.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shirt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cloth, specifically
cotton cloth, suitable for making shirts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shirt"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having or
wearing a shirt.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Shirt"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shist</hw> (?), <hw>Shis*tose"</hw> (?) }. <def>See
<u>Shist</u>, <u>Schistose</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shit"tah</hw> (?), <hw>Shit"tah tree`</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>shitt&amacr;h</i>, pl.
<i>shitt&imacr;m</i>.] <def>A tree that furnished the precious wood of
which the ark, tables, altars, boards, etc., of the Jewish tabernacle
were made; -- now believed to have been the wood of the <i>Acacia
Seyal</i>, which is hard, fine grained, and yellowish brown in
color.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shit"tim</hw> (?), <hw>Shit"tim wood`</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wood of the shittah tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shit"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Shuttle</u>.]
<def>A shuttle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wavering; unsettled;
inconstant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shit"tle*cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
shuttlecock.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shit"tle*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Instability;
inconstancy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The vain <i>shittlenesse</i> of an unconstant
head.</blockquote> <i>Baret.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sheave</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slice; as, a
<i>shive</i> of bread.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thin piece or fragment; specifically, one
of the scales or pieces of the woody part of flax removed by the
operation of breaking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thin, flat cork used for stopping a wide-
mouthed bottle; also, a thin wooden bung for casks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schivere</i>,
fr. <i>shive</i>; cf. G. <i>schifer</i> a splinter, slate, OHG.
<i>scivere</i> a splinter, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>skifer</i> a slate. See
<u>Shive</u>, and cf. <u>Skever</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of
the small pieces, or splinters, into which a brittle thing is broken
by sudden violence; -- generally used in the plural.</def> "All to
<i>shivers</i> dashed."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thin slice; a shive.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.] "A <i>shiver</i> of their own loaf."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of your soft bread, not but a
<i>shiver</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A variety of blue
slate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A sheave or small wheel in a
pulley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A small wedge, as for fastening the bolt of
a window shutter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A spindle.</def> [Obs.  or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shivered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shivering</u>.] [OE. <i>schiveren</i>, <i>scheveren</i>; cf. OD.
<i>scheveren</i>. See <u>Shiver</u> a fragment.] <def>To break into
many small pieces, or splinters; to shatter; to dash to pieces by a
blow; as, to <i>shiver</i> a glass goblet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the ground<BR>
With <i>shivered</i> armor strown.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To separate suddenly
into many small pieces or parts; to be shattered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>shiver</i> shafts upon shields
thick.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The natural world, should gravity once cease, . . .
would instantly <i>shiver</i> into millions of atoms.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>chiveren</i>,
<i>cheveren</i>; of uncertain origin. This word seems to have been
confused with <i>shiver</i> to shatter.] <def>To tremble; to vibrate;
to quiver; to shake, as from cold or fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prometheus is laid<BR>
On icy Caucasus to <i>shiver</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The man that <i>shivered</i> on the brink of sin,<BR>
Thus steeled and hardened, ventures boldly in.</blockquote>
<i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
cause to shake or tremble, as a sail, by steering close to the
wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of shivering or
trembling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shivering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er-spar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>schiefer-spath</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of calcite, so
called from its slaty structure; -- called also <i>slate
spar</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shiv"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tremulous; shivering.</def>  <i>Mallet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Easily broken; brittle; shattery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schutt</i>
rubbish.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A train of vein material mixed with
rubbish; fragments of ore which have become separated by the action of
water or the weather, and serve to direct in the discovery of
mines.</def> [Written also <i>shode</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shoad"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The
tracing of veins of metal by shoads.</def> [Written also
<i>shoding</i>.]  <i>Pryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scolu</i>,
<i>sceolu</i>, a company, multitude, crowd, akin to OS. <i>skola</i>;
probably originally, a division, and akin to Icel. <i>skilja</i> to
part, divide. See <u>Skill</u>, and cf. <u>School</u>. of fishes.]
<def>A great multitude assembled; a crowd; a throng; -- said
especially of fish; as, a <i>shoal</i> of bass.</def> "Great
<i>shoals</i> of people."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Beneath, a <i>shoal</i> of silver fishes
glides.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shoaled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shoaling</u>.] <def>To assemble in a multitude; to throng; as, the
fishes <i>shoaled</i> about the place.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shallow</u>; or cf. G.
<i>scholle</i> a clod, glebe, OHG. <i>scollo</i>, <i>scolla</i>, prob.
akin to E. <i>shoal</i> a multitude.] <def>Having little depth;
shallow; as, <i>shoal</i> water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
place where the water of a sea, lake, river, pond, etc., is shallow; a
shallow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The depth of your pond should be six feet; and on the
sides some <i>shoals</i> for the fish to lay their span.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wolsey, that once trod the ways of glory,<BR>
And sounded all the depths and <i>shoals</i> of honor.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sandbank or bar which makes the water
shoal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The god himself with ready trident stands,<BR>
And opes the deep, and spreads the moving sands,<BR>
Then heaves them off the <i>shoals</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become shallow; as,
the color of the water shows where it <i>shoals</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to become
more shallow; to come to a more shallow part of; as, a ship
<i>shoals</i> her water by advancing into that which is less
deep.</def>  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoal"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being shoaly; little depth of water; shallowness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming shallow
gradually.</def> "A <i>shoaling</i> estuary."  <i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoal"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of shoals, or
shallow places.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tossing vessel sailed on <i>shoaly</i>
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoar</hw> (sh&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A prop. See
3d <u>Shore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoat</hw> (sh&omacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young hog.
Same as <u>Shote</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1331 !></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schokke</i>; cf.
OD <i>schocke</i>, G. <i>schock</i> a heap, quantity, threescore, MHG.
<i>schoc</i>, Sw. <i>skok</i>, and also G. <i>hocke</i> a heap of hay,
Lith. <i>kugis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pile or assemblage of
sheaves of grain, as wheat, rye, or the like, set up in a field, the
sheaves varying in number from twelve to sixteen; a stook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And cause it on <i>shocks</i> to be by and by
set.</blockquote> <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Behind the master walks, builds up the
<i>shocks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [G. <i>schock</i>.] <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A lot
consisting of sixty pieces; -- a term applied in some Baltic ports to
loose goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To collect, or make
up, into a shock or shocks; to stook; as, to <i>shock</i>
rye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be occupied with
making shocks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Reap well, scatter not, gather clean that is shorn,<BR>
Bind fast, <i>shock</i> apace.</blockquote> <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>schok</i> a bounce,
jolt, or leap, OHG. <i>scoc</i> a swing, MHG. <i>schoc</i>, Icel.
<i>skykkjun</i> tremuously, F. <i>choc</i> a shock, collision, a
dashing or striking against, Sp. <i>choque</i>, It. <i>ciocco</i> a
log. &radic;161.  Cf. <u>Shock</u> to shake.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A quivering or shaking which is the effect of a blow, collision,
or violent impulse; a blow, impact, or collision; a concussion; a
sudden violent impulse or onset.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These strong, unshaken mounds resist the
<i>shocks</i><BR>
Of tides and seas tempestuous.</blockquote> <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He stood the <i>shock</i> of a whole host of
foes.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden agitation of the mind or feelings;
a sensation of pleasure or pain caused by something unexpected or
overpowering; also, a sudden agitating or overpowering event.</def> "A
<i>shock</i> of pleasure."  <i>Talfourd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sudden depression of the
vital forces of the entire body, or of a port of it, marking some
profound impression produced upon the nervous system, as by severe
injury, overpowering emotion, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The sudden convulsion or
contraction of the muscles, with the feeling of a concussion, caused
by the discharge, through the animal system, of electricity from a
charged body.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Concussion</u>, <u>Shock</u>.  Both words signify
a sudden violent shaking caused by impact or colision; but
<i>concussion</i> is restricted in use to matter, while <i>shock</i>
is used also of mental states.</p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shocked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shocking</u>.] [OE. <i>schokken</i>; cf. D. <i>schokken</i>, F.
<i>choquer</i>, Sp. <i>chocar</i>. &radic;161.  Cf. <u>Chuck</u> to
strike, <u>Jog</u>, <u>Shake</u>, <u>Shock</u> a striking,
<u>Shog</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a shock to; to cause to shake or
waver; hence, to strike against suddenly; to encounter with
violence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come the three corners of the world in arms,<BR>
And we shall <i>shock</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall never forget the force with which he
<i>shocked</i> De Vipont.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike with surprise, terror, horror, or
disgust; to cause to recoil; as, his violence <i>shocked</i> his
associates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Advise him not to <i>shock</i> a father's
will.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To meet with a shock;
to meet in violent encounter.</def> "They saw the moment approach when
the two parties would <i>shock</i> together."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shag</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A dog with long hair or
shag; -- called also <i>shockdog</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thick mass of bushy hair; as, a head
covered with a <i>shock</i> of sandy hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bushy; shaggy; as, a
<i>shock</i> hair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His red <i>shock</i> peruke . . . was laid
aside.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shock"dog`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See 7th <u>Shock</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shock"-head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shock-
headed.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shock"-head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a thick
and bushy head of hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shock"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing to shake or
tremble, as by a blow; especially, causing to recoil with horror or
disgust; extremely offensive or disgusting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The grossest and most <i>shocking</i>
villainies.</blockquote> <i>Secker.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Shock"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shock"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shod</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <def>f
<u>Shoe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shod"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps fr.
<u>Shed</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>; as meaning originally, waste
stuff <i>shed</i>or thrown off.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fibrous
material obtained by "deviling," or tearing into fibers, refuse woolen
goods, old stockings, rags, druggets, etc. See <u>Mungo</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fabric of inferior quality made of, or
containing a large amount of, shoddy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The great quantity of shoddy goods furnished as army
supplies in the late Civil War in the United States gave wide currency
to the word, and it came to be applied to persons who pretend to a
higher position in society than that to which their breeding or worth
entitles them.</p>

<p><hw>Shod"dy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made wholly or in part
of shoddy; containing shoddy; as, <i>shoddy</i> cloth; <i>shoddy</i>
blankets; hence, colloquially, not genuine; sham; pretentious; as,
<i>shoddy</i> aristocracy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shoddy</i> inventions designed to bolster up a
factitious pride.</blockquote> <i>Compton Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shod"dy*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being shoddy.</def> [Colloq.] See the Note under
<u>Shoddy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sc&amacr;de</i>,
fr. <i>sce&aacute;dan</i>. See <u>Shed</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The parting of the hair on the head.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Full straight and even lay his jolly
<i>shode</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The top of the head; the head.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shode</hw>, <hw>Shod"ing</hw>  }. <def>See <u>Shoad</u>,
<u>Shoading</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sho"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A package of gold
beater's skins in which gold is subjected to the second process of
beating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shoes</b></plw> (#), formerly <plw><b>Shoon</b></plw> (#), now
provincial. [OE. <i>sho</i>, <i>scho</i>, AS. <i>sc&?;h</i>,
<i>sce&oacute;h</i>; akin to OFries. <i>sk&?;</i>, OS. <i>sk&?;h</i>,
D. <i>schoe</i>, <i>schoen</i>, G. <i>schuh</i>, OHG. <i>scuoh</i>,
Icel. <i>sk&?;r</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>sko</i>, Goth. <i>sk&?;hs</i>; of
unknown origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A covering for the human
foot, usually made of leather, having a thick and somewhat stiff sole
and a lighter top. It differs from a boot on not extending so far up
the leg.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your hose should be ungartered, . . . your<i>shoe</i>
untied.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Spare none but such as go in clouted
<i>shoon</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a shoe in form,
position, or use.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plate
or rim of iron nailed to the hoof of an animal to defend it from
injury.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A band of iron or steel, or a
ship of wood, fastened to the bottom of the runner of a sleigh, or any
vehicle which slides on the snow.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
drag, or sliding piece of wood or iron, placed under the wheel of a
loaded vehicle, to retard its motion in going down a hill.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The part of a railroad car brake which
presses upon the wheel to retard its motion.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A trough-shaped or spout-shaped member, put at the
bottom of the water leader coming from the eaves gutter, so as to
throw the water off from the building.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
<i>(Milling.)</i> <def>The trough or spout for conveying the grain
from the hopper to the eye of the millstone.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd>
<def>An inclined trough in an ore-crushing mill.</def>
<sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>An iron socket or plate to take the thrust of
a strut or rafter.</def> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>An iron socket to
protect the point of a wooden pile.</def> <sd><i>(j)</i></sd>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A plate, or notched piece, interposed between a
moving part and the stationary part on which it bears, to take the
wear and afford means of adjustment; -- called also <i>slipper</i>,
and <i>gib</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shoe</i> is often used adjectively, or in composition;
as, <i>shoe</i> buckle, or <i>shoe</i>-buckle; <i>shoe</i> latchet, or
<i>shoe</i>-latchet; <i>shoe</i> leathet, or <i>shoe</i>-leather;
<i>shoe</i> string, <i>shoe</i>-string, or <i>shoe</i>string.</p>

<p><col><b>Shoe of an anchor</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small block of wood, convex on the back,
with a hole to receive the point of the anchor fluke, -- used to
prevent the anchor from tearing the planks of the vessel when raised
or lowered.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A broad, triangular piece of
plank placed upon the fluke to give it a better hold in soft
ground.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoe block</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
block with two sheaves, one above the other, and at right angles to
each other.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoe bolt</b></col>, <cd>a bolt with a
flaring head, for fastening shoes on sleigh runners.</cd> --
<col><b>Shoe pac</b></col>, <cd>a kind of moccasin. See
<u>Pac</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoe stone</b></col>, <cd>a sharpening
stone used by shoemakers and other workers in leather.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Shoe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shod</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shoeing</u>.] [AS. <i>sc&?;ian</i>, <i>sce&?;ian</i>. See
<u>Shoe</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish
with a shoe or shoes; to put a shoe or shoes on; as, to <i>shoe</i> a
horse, a sled, an anchor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To protect or ornament with something which
serves the purpose of a shoe; to tip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sharp and small end of the billiard stick, which is
<i>shod</i> with brass or silver.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoe"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large African wading bird (<i>Bal&aelig;niceps rex</i>) allied
to the storks and herons, and remarkable for its enormous broad
swollen bill. It inhabits the valley of the White Nile. See
<i>Illust.</i> (<i>l.</i>) of <u>Beak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoe"black`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
polishes shoes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shoe"horn`</hw>, <hw>Shoe"ing-horn`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A curved piece of
polished horn, wood, or metal used to facilitate the entrance of the
foot into a shoe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Figuratively: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Anything
by which a transaction is facilitated; a medium; -- by way of
contempt.</def> <i>Spectator.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Anything
which draws on or allures; an inducement.</def> [Low]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoe"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
shoes.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoe"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One whose occupation it is to make shoes and boots.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
threadfish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The runner, 12.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoe"mak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of a
shoemaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sho"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fits shoes
to the feet; one who furnishes or puts on shoes; as, a <i>shoer</i> of
horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Shock</u> a
striking.] <def>A shock; a jog; a violent concussion or impulse.</def>
[R. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Shog</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shake; to
shock.</def> [R. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Shog</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>ysgogi</i> to
wag, to stir.  Cf. <u>Jog</u>.] <def>To jog; to move on.</def> [R. or
Scot.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shog"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Shog</u>,
<u>Joggle</u>.] <def>To joggle.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Pegge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sho"gun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>tsiang
ki&Uuml;n</i> commander in chief.] <def>A title originally conferred
by the Mikado on the military governor of the eastern provinces of
Japan. By gradual usurpation of power the <i>Shoguns</i> (known to
foreigners as <i>Tycoons</i>) became finally the virtual rulers of
Japan. The title was abolished in 1867.</def> [Written variously,
<i>Shiogun</i>, <i>Shiogoon</i>, etc.]
</p>

<p><hw>Sho*gun"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
dignity of a Shogun.</def> [Written also <i>Siogoonate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sho"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sola</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plank fixed beneath
an object, as beneath the rudder of a vessel, to protect it from
injury; a plank on the ground under the end of a shore or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Shoal</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shonde</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceond</i>.  Cf.
<u>Shend</u>.] <def>Harm; disgrace; shame.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shone</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoo</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>scheuchen</i> to scare, drive away.] <def>Begone; away; -- an
expression used in frightening away animals, especially
fowls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sho"oi</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Richardson's skua (<i>Stercorarius parasiticus</i>);- so called from
its cry.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shook</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; obs.</i></pos> or poet.
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Shake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shook</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shock</u> a bundle of
sheaves.] <i>(Com.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A set of staves and
headings sufficient in number for one hogshead, cask, barrel, or the
like, trimmed, and bound together in compact form.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A set of boards for a sugar box.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The parts of a piece of house furniture, as a
bedstead, packed together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shook</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pack, as staves, in
a shook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Shoe</u>.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They shook the snow from hats and
<i>shoon</i>.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoop</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Shape</u>. Shaped.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chute</i>. See
<u>Chute</u>. Confused with <i>shoot</i> to let fly.] <def>An inclined
plane, either artificial or natural, down which timber, coal, etc.,
are caused to slide; also, a narrow passage, either natural or
artificial, in a stream, where the water rushes rapidly; esp., a
channel, having a swift current, connecting the ends of a bend in the
stream, so as to shorten the course.</def> [Written also <i>chute</i>,
and <i>shute</i>.] [U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>To take a shoot</b></col>, <cd>to pass through a shoot
instead of the main channel; to take the most direct course.</cd>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shoot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shot</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shooting</u>. The old participle <u>Shotten</u> is obsolete. See
<u>Shotten</u>.] [OE. <i>shotien</i>, <i>schotien</i>, AS.
<i>scotian</i>, v. i., <i>sce&oacute;tan</i>; akin to D.
<i>schieten</i>, G. <i>schie&?;en</i>, OHG. <i>sciozan</i>, Icel.
<i>skj&?;ta</i>, Sw. <i>skjuta</i>, Dan. <i>skyde</i>; cf. Skr.
<i>skund</i> to jump. &radic;159.  Cf. <u>Scot</u> a contribution,
<u>Scout</u> to reject, <u>Scud</u>, <u>Scuttle</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, <u>Shot</u>, <u>Sheet</u>, <u>Shut</u>, <u>Shuttle</u>,
<u>Skittish</u>, <u>Skittles</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let fly,
or cause to be driven, with force, as an arrow or a bullet; --
followed by a word denoting the missile, as an object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you please<BR>
To shoot an arrow that self way.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discharge, causing a missile to be
driven forth; -- followed by a word denoting the weapon or instrument,
as an object; -- often with <i>off</i>; as, to <i>shoot</i> a
gun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The two ends od a bow, <i>shot</i> off, fly from one
another.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strike with anything shot; to hit with a
missile; often, to kill or wound with a firearm; -- followed by a word
denoting the person or thing hit, as an object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Roger <i>shot</i> the hawk hovering over his
master's dove house.</blockquote> <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To send out or forth, especially with a
rapid or sudden motion; to cast with the hand; to hurl; to discharge;
to emit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An honest weaver as ever <i>shot</i>
shuttle.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A pit into which the dead carts had nightly <i>shot</i>
corpses by scores.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To push or thrust forward; to project; to
protrude; -- often with <i>out</i>; as, a plant <i>shoots</i> out a
bud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>shoot</i> out the lip, they shake the
head.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Beware the secret snake that <i>shoots</i> a
sting.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>To plane straight; to fit by
planing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two pieces of wood that are <i>shot</i>, that is,
planed or else pared with a paring chisel.</blockquote>
<i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To pass rapidly through, over, or under;
as, to <i>shoot</i> a rapid or a bridge; to <i>shoot</i> a sand
bar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She . . . <i>shoots</i> the Stygian sound.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To variegate as if by sprinkling or
intermingling; to color in spots or patches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tangled water courses slept,<BR>
<i>Shot</i> over with purple, and green, and yellow.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be shot of</b></col>, <cd>to be discharged, cleared, or
rid of.</cd> [Colloq.] "Are you not glad <i>to be shot of</i> him?"
 <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause an engine or weapon to discharge a missile; -- said of a person
or an agent; as, they <i>shot</i> at a target; he <i>shoots</i> better
than he rides.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The archers have . . . <i>shot</i> at him.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xlix. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discharge a missile; -- said of an
engine or instrument; as, the gun <i>shoots</i> well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be shot or propelled forcibly; -- said
of a missile; to be emitted or driven; to move or extend swiftly, as
if propelled; as, a <i>shooting</i> star.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>shot</i> a streaming lamp along the
sky.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To penetrate, as a missile; to dart with a
piercing sensation; as, <i>shooting</i> pains.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy words <i>shoot</i> through my heart.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To feel a quick, darting pain; to throb in
pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These preachers make<BR>
His head to <i>shoot</i> and ache.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To germinate; to bud; to sprout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Onions, as they hang, will <i>shoot</i>
forth.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But the wild olive <i>shoots</i>, and shades the
ungrateful plain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To grow; to advance; as, to <i>shoot</i> up
rapidly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well <i>shot</i> in years he seemed.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Delightful task! to rear the tender thought,<BR>
To teach the young idea how to <i>shoot</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To change form suddenly; especially, to
solidify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the menstruum be overcharged, metals will
<i>shoot</i> into crystals.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To protrude; to jut; to project; to extend;
as, the land <i>shoots</i> into a promontory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>shot</i> up against the dark sky, tall, gaunt,
straggling houses.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To move ahead by force of
momentum, as a sailing vessel when the helm is put hard
alee.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To shoot ahead</b></col>, <cd>to pass or move quickly
forward; to outstrip others.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shoot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of shooting; the discharge of a missile; a shot; as, the
<i>shoot</i> of a shuttle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Turkish bow giveth a very forcible
<i>shoot</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One underneath his horse to get a <i>shoot</i> doth
stalk.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young branch or growth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Superfluous branches and <i>shoots</i> of this second
spring.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rush of water; a rapid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A vein of ore running in the
same general direction as the lode.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A weft thread shot through
the shed by the shuttle; a pick.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [Perh. a different word.] <def>A shoat; a young
hog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoot"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shoots, as an archer or a gunner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which shoots.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A firearm; as, a five-<i>shooter</i>.</def>
[Colloq. U.S.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A shooting star.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Shoot"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, shoots; as, the
<i>shooting</i> of an archery club; the <i>shooting</i> of rays of
light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wounding or killing with a firearm;
specifically <i>(Sporting)</i>, the killing of game; as, a week of
<i>shooting</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sensation of darting pain; as, a
<i>shooting</i> in one's head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoot"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
shooting; for shooting; darting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shooting board</b></col> <i>(Joinery)</i>, <cd>a fixture
used in planing or shooting the edge of a board, by means of which the
plane is guided and the board held true.</cd> -- <col><b>Shooting
box</b></col>, <cd>a small house in the country for use in the
shooting season.</cd> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i> -- <col><b>Shooting
gallery</b></col>, <cd>a range, usually covered, with targets for
practice with firearms.</cd>  -- <col><b>Shooting iron</b></col>,
<cd>a firearm.</cd> [Slang, U.S.] -- <col><b>Shooting star</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>A starlike, luminous meteor,
that, appearing suddenly, darts quickly across some portion of the
sky, and then as suddenly disappears, leaving sometimes, for a few
seconds, a luminous train, -- called also <i>falling star</i>.</cd>
<i>Shooting stars</i> are small cosmical bodies which encounter the
earth in its annual revolution, and which become visible by coming
with planetary velocity into the upper regions of the atmosphere. At
certain periods, as on the 13th of November and 10th of August, they
appear for a few hours in great numbers, apparently diverging from
some point in the heavens, such displays being known as <i>meteoric
showers</i>, or <i>star showers</i>. These bodies, before encountering
the earth, were moving in orbits closely allied to the orbits of
comets. See <u>Leonids</u>, <u>Perseids</u>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>The American cowslip (<i>Dodecatheon Meadia</i>).
See under <u>Cowslip</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shooting stick</b></col>
<i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a tapering piece of wood or iron, used by
printers to drive up the quoins in the chase.</cd> <i>Hansard.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1332 !></p>

<p><hw>Shoot"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sprouting or coming
up freely and regularly.</def> [Prev. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Shape</u>. Shaped.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shoppe</i>,
<i>schoppe</i>, AS. <i>sceoppa</i> a treasury, a storehouse, stall,
booth; akin to <i>scypen</i> a shed, LG. <i>schup</i> a shed, G.
<i>schoppen</i>, <i>schuppen</i>, a shed, a coachhouse, OHG.
<i>scopf</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A building or an apartment in
which goods, wares, drugs, etc., are sold by retail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>shop</i> to <i>shop</i><BR>
Wandering, and littering with unfolded silks<BR>
The polished counter.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A building in which mechanics or artisans
work; as, a shoe <i>shop</i>; a car <i>shop</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A tailor called me in his <i>shop</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shop</i> is often used adjectively or in composition; as,
<i>shop</i> rent, or <i>shop</i>-rent; <i>shop thief</i>, <i>or
shop</i>-thief; <i>shop</i> window, or <i>shop</i>-window, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>To smell of the shop</b></col>, <cd>to indicate too
distinctively one's occupation or profession.</cd> -- <col><b>To talk
shop</b></col>, <cd>to make one's business the topic of social
conversation; also, to use the phrases peculiar to one's
employment.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Store; warehouse. See <u>Store</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Shop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shopping</u>.] <def>To visit shops for the purpose of purchasing
goods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was engaged with his mother and some ladies to go
<i>shopping</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bench or
board on which work is performed; a workbench.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book in which
a tradesman keeps his accounts.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"boy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boy employed in
a shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sho"pen</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shape</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"girl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A girl employed
in a shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"keep`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trader who
sells goods in a shop, or by retail; -- in distinction from one who
sells by wholesale.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"lift`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Shop</i> +
<i>lift.</i> See <u>Lift</u> to steal.] <def>One who steals anything
in a shop, or takes goods privately from a shop; one who, under
pretense of buying goods, takes occasion to steal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"lift`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Larceny committed
in a shop; the stealing of anything from a shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"like`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suiting a shop;
vulgar.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"maid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
shopgirl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shopmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shopkeeper;
a retailer.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who serves in a shop; a
salesman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who works in a shop or a
factory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
shops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"pish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
appearance or qualities of a shopkeeper, or shopman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with shops.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to shops, or one's own
shop or business; as, <i>shoppy</i> talk.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Mrs.
Gaskell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"shift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The trick of a
shopkeeper; deception.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shop"walk`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who walks
about in a shop as an overseer and director.  Cf.
<u>Floorwalker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shopwomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman employed in a
shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop"worn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat worn or
damaged by having been kept for a time in a shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shor"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Duty paid for
goods brought on shore.</def>  <i>Grabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shore</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Shear</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sewer.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schore</i>; akin to
LG. <i>schore</i>, D. <i>schoor</i>, OD. <i>schoore</i>, Icel.
<i>skor&?;a</i>, and perhaps to E. <i>shear</i>, as being a piece cut
off.] <def>A prop, as a timber, placed as a brace or support against
the side of a building or other structure; a prop placed beneath
anything, as a beam, to prevent it from sinking or sagging.</def>
[Written also <i>shoar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shore</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shoring</u>.] [OE. <i>schoren</i>. See <u>Shore</u> a prop.]
<def>To support by a shore or shores; to prop; -- usually with
<i>up</i>; as, to <i>shore</i> up a building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schore</i>, AS.
<i>score</i>, probably fr. <i>scieran</i>, and so meaning properly,
that which is shorn off, edge; akin to OD. <i>schoore</i>,
<i>schoor</i>. See <u>Shear</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The
coast or land adjacent to a large body of water, as an ocean, lake, or
large river.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Michael Cassio,<BR>
Lieutenant to the warlike Moor Othello,<BR>
Is come <i>shore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fruitful <i>shore</i> of muddy Nile.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In shore</b></col>, <cd>near the shore.</cd>
<i>Marryat.</i> -- <col><b>On shore</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>On</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Shore birds</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a collective name for the various limicoline birds found on the
seashore.</cd> -- <col><b>Shore crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any crab found on the beaches, or between tides, especially any
one of various species of grapsoid crabs, as <i>Heterograpsus
nudus</i> of California.</cd> -- <col><b>Shore lark</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small American lark (<i>Otocoris
alpestris</i>) found in winter, both on the seacoast and on the
Western plains. Its upper parts are varied with dark brown and light
brown. It has a yellow throat, yellow local streaks, a black crescent
on its breast, a black streak below each eye, and two small black
erectile ear tufts. Called also <i>horned lark</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shore plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large-billed
Australian plover (<i>Esacus magnirostris</i>). It lives on the
seashore, and feeds on crustaceans, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Shore
teetan</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the rock pipit (<i>Anthus
obscurus</i>).</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shore</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set on
shore.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shore"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no shore or
coast; of indefinite or unlimited extent; as, a <i>shoreless</i>
ocean.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shore"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shorling</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shor"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, shores or props; a prop; a shore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shore"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
shore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shor"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of supporting or strengthening with a prop or shore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A system of props; props,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shorl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Shor*la"ceous</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See <u>Schorl</u>,
<u>Schorlaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shor"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The skin of a sheen after the fleece is shorn off, as distinct
from the <i>morling</i>, or skin taken from the dead sheep; also, a
sheep of the first year's shearing.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who is shorn; a shaveling; hence,
in contempt, a priest.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shorn</hw> (&?;), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Shorter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shortest</u>.] [OE.
<i>short</i>, <i>schort</i>, AS. <i>scort</i>, <i>sceort</i>; akin to
OHG. <i>scurz</i>, Icel. <i>skorta</i> to be short of, to lack, and
perhaps to E. <i>shear</i>, v. t.  Cf. <u>Shirt</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not long; having brief length or linear
extension; as, a <i>short</i> distance; a <i>short</i> piece of
timber; a <i>short</i> flight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bed is <i>shorter</i> than that a man can stretch
himself on it.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxviii. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not extended in time; having very limited
duration; not protracted; as, <i>short</i> breath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The life so <i>short</i>, the craft so long to
learn.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>short</i> absense I could yield.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Limited in quantity; inadequate;
insufficient; scanty; as, a <i>short</i> supply of provisions, or of
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Insufficiently provided; inadequately
supplied; scantily furnished; lacking; not coming up to a resonable,
or the ordinary, standard; -- usually with <i>of</i>; as, to be
<i>short</i> of money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall be <i>short</i> in our provision.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Deficient; defective; imperfect; not coming
up, as to a measure or standard; as, an account which is <i>short</i>
of the trith.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not distant in time; near at
hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Marinell was sore offended<BR>
That his departure thence should be so <i>short</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He commanded those who were appointed to attend him to
be ready by a <i>short</i> day.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Limited in intellectual power or grasp; not
comprehensive; narrow; not tenacious, as memory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their own <i>short</i> understandings reach<BR>
No farther than the present.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Less important, efficaceous, or powerful;
not equal or equivalent; less (than); -- with <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hardly anything <i>short</i> of an invasion could rouse
them again to war.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Abrupt; brief; pointed; petulant; as, he
gave a <i>short</i> answer to the question.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Breaking or crumbling
readily in the mouth; crisp; as, <i>short</i> pastry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Metal)</i> <def>Brittle.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Metals that are brittle when hot are called <i>&?;ot-
short</i>; as, cast iron may be <i>hot-short</i>, owing to the
presence of sulphur. Those that are brittle when cold are called
<i>cold-short</i>; as, cast iron may be <i>cold-short</i>, on account
of the presence of phosphorus.</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>Engaging or
engaged to deliver what is not possessed; as, <i>short</i> contracts;
to be <i>short</i> of stock. See <i>The shorts</i>, under
<u>Short</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <i>To sell short</i>, under
<u>Short</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>&fist; In mercantile transactions, a note or bill is sometimes made
payable <i>at short sight</i>, that is, in a little time after being
presented to the payer.</p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Not prolonged, or
relatively less prolonged, in utterance; -- opposed to <i>long</i>,
and applied to vowels or to syllables. In English, the long and short
of the same letter are not, in most cases, the long and short of the
same sound; thus, the <i>i</i> in <i>ill</i> is the short sound, not
of <i>i</i> in <i>isle</i>, but of <i>ee</i> in <i>eel</i>, and the
<i>e</i> in <i>pet</i> is the short sound of <i>a</i> in <i>pate</i>,
etc. See <u>Quantity</u>, and <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>,
&sect;&sect;22, 30.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Short</i> is much used with participles to form numerous
self-explaining compounds; as, <i>short</i>-armed, <i>short</i>-
billed, <i>short</i>-fingered, <i>short</i>-haired, <i>short</i>-
necked, <i>short</i>-sleeved, <i>short</i>-tailed, <i>short</i>-
winged, <i>short</i>-wooled, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>At short notice</b></col>, <cd>in a brief time;
promptly.</cd> -- <col><b>Short rib</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one
of the false ribs.</cd> -- <col><b>Short suit</b></col>
<i>(Whist)</i>, <cd>any suit having only three cards, or less than
three.</cd> <i>R. A. Proctor.</i> -- <col><b>To come short</b></col>,
<col><b>To cut short</b></col>, <col><b>To fall short</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Come</u>, <u>Cut</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Short</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
summary account.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>short</i> and the long is, our play is
preferred.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The part of milled grain sifted
out which is next finer than the bran.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first remove above bran is
<i>shorts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Short, inferior hemp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Breeches; shortclothes.</def>
[Slang]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>A short sound, syllable,
or vowel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If we compare the nearest conventional <i>shorts</i>
and longs in English, as in "bit" and "beat," "not" and "naught," we
find that the short vowels are generally wide, the long narrow,
besides being generally diphthongic as well. Hence, originally short
vowels can be lengthened and yet kept quite distinct from the original
longs.</blockquote> <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In short</b></col>, <cd>in few words; in brief;
briefly.</cd> -- <col><b>The long and the short</b></col>, <cd>the
whole; a brief summing up.</cd> -- <col><b>The shorts</b></col>
<i>(Stock Exchange)</i>, <cd>those who are unsupplied with stocks
which they contracted to deliver.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Short</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a short manner;
briefly; limitedly; abruptly; quickly; as, to stop <i>short</i> in
one's course; to turn <i>short</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was taken up very <i>short</i>, and adjudged
corrigible for such presumptuous language.</blockquote>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sell short</b></col> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i>, <cd>to
sell, for future delivery, what the party selling does not own, but
hopes to buy at a lower rate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Short</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceortian</i>.]
<def>To shorten.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Short</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fail; to
decrease.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Short"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Amount or extent
of deficiency, as determined by some requirement or standard; as, a
<i>shortage</i> in money accounts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-breathed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having short-breath, or quick
respiration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having short life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"cake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An unsweetened
breakfast cake shortened with butter or lard, rolled thin, and
baked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short" cir"cuit</hw> (?). <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A circuit formed
or closed by a conductor of relatively low resistance because shorter
or of relatively great conductivity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-cir`cuit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Short-circuited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Short-circuiting</u>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To join, as
the electrodes of a battery or dynamo or any two points of a circuit,
by a conductor of low resistance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"clothes`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Coverings
for the legs of men or boys, consisting of trousers which reach only
to the knees, -- worn with long stockings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"com`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
falling, or coming short</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
failure of a crop, or the like.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Neglect
of, or failure in, performance of duty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-dat`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having little
time to run from the date.</def> "Thy <i>short-dated</i> life."
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Short"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shortened &?;</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shortening</u>.] [See <u>Short</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make short or shorter in measure, extent,
or time; as, to <i>shorten</i> distance; to <i>shorten</i> a road; to
<i>shorten</i> days of calamity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity,
or extent; to lessen; to abridge; to curtail; to contract; as, to
<i>shorten</i> work, an allowance of food, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here, where the subject is so fruitful, I am
<i>shortened</i> by my chain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make deficient (as to); to deprive; --
with <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spoiled of his nose, and <i>shortened</i> of his
ears.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make short or friable, as pastry, with
butter, lard, pot liquor, or the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To shorten a rope</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to take in
the slack of it.</cd> -- <col><b>To shorten sail</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to reduce sail by taking it in.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Short"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become short or
shorter; as, the day <i>shortens</i> in northern latitudes from June
to December; a metallic rod <i>shortens</i> by cold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, shortens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of making or becoming short or shorter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>That which renders pastry
short or friable, as butter, lard, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A compendious
and rapid method or writing by substituting characters, abbreviations,
or symbols, for letters, words, etc.; short writing; stenography. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Phonography</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short`-hand"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Short of, or
lacking the regular number of, servants or helpers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sucking whale
less than one year old; -- so called by sailors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>One of a breed
of large, heavy domestic cattle having short horns. The breed was
developed in England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-joint`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
short intervals between the joints; -- said of a plant or an animal,
especially of a horse whose pastern is too short.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-lived`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not living or
lasting long; being of short continuance; as, a <i>short-lived</i>
race of beings; <i>short-lived</i> pleasure; <i>short-lived</i>
passion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sceortlice</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a short or brief time or manner; soon;
quickly.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall grow jealous of you
<i>shortly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The armies came <i>shortly</i> in view of each
other.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In few words; briefly; abruptly; curtly;
as, to express ideas more <i>shortly</i> in verse than in
prose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being short; want of reach or extension; brevity; deficiency; as,
the <i>shortness</i> of a journey; the <i>shortness</i> of the days in
winter; the <i>shortness</i> of an essay; the <i>shortness</i> of the
memory; a <i>shortness</i> of provisions; <i>shortness</i> of
breath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"sight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not able to see far; nearsighted; myopic. See
<u>Myopic</u>, and <u>Myopia</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Not able to look far into futurity;
unable to understand things deep; of limited intellect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having little regard for the future;
heedless.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Short"sight`ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Short"sight`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Cunning is a kind of
<i>shortsightedness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Short"-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speaking in
a quick or short manner; hence, gruff; curt.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Short"stop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Baseball)</i>
<def>The player stationed in the field bewtween the second and third
bases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-waist`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
short waist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Short"-wind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected
with shortness of breath; having a quick, difficult respiration, as
dyspnoic and asthmatic persons.</def>  <i>May.</i></p>

<p><hw>Short"wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of small wrenlike Asiatic birds having
short wings and a short tail. They belong to <i>Brachypterix</i>,
<i>Callene</i>, and allied genera.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1333 !></p>

<p><hw>Short"-wit`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having little
wit; not wise; having scanty intellect or judgment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shor"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying near the
shore.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sho*sho"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Shoshone</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A
linguistic family or stock of North American Indians, comprising many
tribes, which extends from Montana and Idaho into Mexico. In a
restricted sense the name is applied especially to the Snakes, the
most northern of the tribes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shot</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shoot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shot</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Woven in such a way as to
produce an effect of variegation, of changeable tints, or of being
figured; as, <i>shot</i> silks. See <u>Shoot</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>scot</i>, <i>sceot</i>,
fr. <i>sce&oacute;tan</i> to shoot; akin to D. <i>sschot</i>, Icel.
<i>skot</i>. &radic;159. See <u>Scot</u> a share, <u>Shoot</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Shot</u> a shooting.] <def>A share
or proportion; a reckoning; a scot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here no <i>shots</i> are where all shares
be.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man is never . . . welcome to a place till some
certain <i>shot</i> be paid and the hostess say
"Welcome."</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shot</b></plw>or <plw><b>Shots</b></plw> (#). [OE.
<i>shot</i>, <i>schot</i>, AS. <i>gesceot</i> a missile; akin to D.
<i>schot</i> a shot, shoot, G. <i>schuss</i>, ge<i>schoss</i> a
missile, Icel. <i>skot</i> a throwing, a javelin, and E. <i>shoot</i>,
v.t. &radic;159. See <u>Shoot</u>, and cf. <u>Shot</u> a share.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of shooting; discharge of a firearm or
other weapon which throws a missile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He caused twenty <i>shot</i> of his greatest cannon to
be made at the king's army.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A missile weapon, particularly a ball or
bullet; specifically, whatever is discharged as a projectile from
firearms or cannon by the force of an explosive.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Shot</i> used in war is of various kinds, classified
according to the material of which it is composed, into <i>lead</i>,
<i>wrought-iron</i>, and <i>cast-iron</i>; according to form, into
<i>spherical</i> and <i>oblong</i>; according to structure and modes
of operation, into <i>solid</i>, <i>hollow</i>, and <i>case</i>. See
<i>Bar shot</i>, <i>Chain shot</i>, etc., under <u>Bar</u>,
<u>Chain</u>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Small globular masses of lead, of various
sizes, -- used chiefly for killing game; as, bird <i>shot</i>;
buck<i>shot</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The flight of a missile, or the distance
which it is, or can be, thrown; as, the vessel was distant more than a
cannon <i>shot</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A marksman; one who practices shooting; as,
an exellent <i>shot</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shot belt</b></col>, <cd>a belt having a pouch or
compartment for carrying shot.</cd> -- <col><b>Shot
cartridge</b></col>, <cd>a cartridge containing powder and small shot,
forming a charge for a shotgun.</cd> -- <col><b>Shot garland</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a wooden frame to contain shot, secured to the
coamings and ledges round the hatchways of a ship.</cd> --
<col><b>Shot gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for measuring the
diameter of round shot.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>shot
hole</b></col>, <cd>a hole made by a shot or bullet discharged.</cd> -
- <col><b>Shot locker</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a strongly framed
compartment in the hold of a vessel, for containing shot.</cd> --
<col><b>Shot of a cable</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the splicing of
two or more cables together, or the whole length of the cables thus
united.</cd> -- <col><b>Shot prop</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
wooden prop covered with tarred hemp, to stop a hole made by the shot
of an enemy in a ship's side.</cd> -- <col><b>Shot tower</b></col>,
<cd>a lofty tower for making shot, by dropping from its summit melted
lead in slender streams. The lead forms spherical drops which cool in
the descent, and are received in water or other liquid.</cd> --
<col><b>Shot window</b></col>, <cd>a window projecting from the wall.
Ritson, quoted by Halliwell, explains it as a window that opens and
shuts; and Wodrow describes it as a window of shutters made of timber
and a few inches of glass above them.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shotting</u>.] <def>To load with shot, as a gun.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shot"-clog`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
tolerated only because he pays the shot, or reckoning, for the rest of
the company, otherwise a mere clog on them.</def> [Old Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou common <i>shot-clog</i>, gull of all
companies.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sce&oacute;ta</i>
a darting fish, a trout, fr. <i>sce&oacute;tan</i>. See <u>Shoot</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
fish resembling the trout.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Garew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perh. a different word.] <def>A young hog; a
shoat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shot"-free`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be
injured by shot; shot-proof.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shot"-free`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from charge or
expense; hence, unpunished; scot-free.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shot"gun`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light, smooth-
bored gun, often double-barreled, especially designed for firing small
shot at short range, and killing small game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shot"-proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impenetrable
by shot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shots</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The refuse of
cattle taken from a drove.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shot"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Loaded with shot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having a shot attached; as, a
<i>shotten</i> suture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shot"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Properly p. p. of
<i>shoot</i>; AS. <i>scoten</i>, <i>sceoten</i>, p. p. of
<i>sce&oacute;tan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having ejected the
spawn; as, a <i>shotten</i> herring.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shot out of its socket; dislocated, as a
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A shockdog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shough</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shoo</u>.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Should</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Shall</u>. [OE.
<i>sholde</i>, <i>shulde</i>, <i>scholde</i>, <i>schulde</i>, AS.
<i>scolde</i>, <i>sceolde</i>. See <u>Shall</u>.] <def>Used as an
auxiliary verb, to express a conditional or contingent act or state,
or as a supposition of an actual fact; also, to express moral
obligation (see <u>Shall</u>); <i>e. g.</i>: they <i>should</i> have
come last week; if I <i>should</i> go; I <i>should</i> think you could
go.</def> "You have done that you <i>should</i> be sorry for."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Ought</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Shoul"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shulder</i>,
<i>shuldre</i>, <i>schutder</i>, AS. <i>sculdor</i>; akin to D.
<i>schoulder</i>, G. <i>schulter</i>, OHG. <i>scultarra</i>, Dan.
<i>skulder</i>, Sw. <i>skuldra</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The joint, or the region of the joint, by which the fore limb is
connected with the body or with the shoulder girdle; the projection
formed by the bones and muscles about that joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The flesh and muscles connected with the
shoulder joint; the upper part of the back; that part of the human
frame on which it is most easy to carry a heavy burden; -- often used
in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then by main force pulled up, and on his
<i>shoulders</i> bore<BR>
The gates of Azza.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Adown her <i>shoulders</i> fell her length of
hair.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which supports or sustains;
support.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In thy <i>shoulder</i> do I build my seat.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles a human shoulder, as
any protuberance or projection from the body of a thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The north western <i>shoulder</i> of the
mountain.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The upper joint of the fore leg and
adjacent parts of an animal, dressed for market; as, a <i>shoulder</i>
of mutton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The angle of a bastion
included between the face and flank. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Bastion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An abrupt projection which forms an
abutment on an object, or limits motion, etc., as the projection
around a tenon at the end of a piece of timber, the part of the top of
a type which projects beyond the base of the raised character,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shoulder belt</b></col>, <cd>a belt that passes across the
shoulder.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoulder blade</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>the flat bone of the shoulder, to which the humerus is
articulated; the scapula.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoulder block</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a block with a projection, or shoulder, near the
upper end, so that it can rest against a spar without jamming the
rope.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoulder clapper</b></col>, <cd>one who claps
another on the shoulder, or who uses great familiarity.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Shoulder girdle</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Pectoral girdle</i>, under <u>Pectoral</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shoulder knot</b></col>, <cd>an ornamental knot of ribbon or
lace worn on the shoulder; a kind of epaulet or braided ornament worn
as part of a military uniform.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoulder-of-mutton
sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a triangular sail carried on a
boat's mast; -- so called from its shape.</cd> -- <col><b>Shoulder
slip</b></col>, <cd>dislocation of the shoulder, or of the
humerous.</cd> <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Shoulder strap</b></col>,
<cd>a strap worn on or over the shoulder. Specifically <i>(Mil. &
Naval)</i>, a narrow strap worn on the shoulder of a commissioned
officer, indicating, by a suitable device, the rank he holds in the
service. See <i>Illust.</i> in App.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shoul"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shouldered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shouldering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To push or thrust with
the shoulder; to push with violence; to jostle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As they the earth would <i>shoulder</i> from her
seat.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Around her numberless the rabble flowed,<BR>
<i>Shouldering</i> each other, crowding for a view.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take upon the shoulder or shoulders; as,
to <i>shoulder</i> a basket; hence, to assume the burden or
responsibility of; as, to <i>shoulder</i> blame; to <i>shoulder</i> a
debt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As if Hercules<BR>
Or burly Atlas <i>shouldered</i> up their state.</blockquote>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Right shoulder arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a position
in the Manual of Arms which the piece is placed on the right shoulder,
with the lock plate up, and the muzzle elevated and inclined to the
left, and held as in the illustration.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shoul"dered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
shoulders; -- used in composition; as, a broad-<i>shouldered</i>
man.</def> "He was short-<i>shouldered</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shoul"der-shot`ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sprained
in the shoulder, as a horse.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shout</hw> (shout), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shouted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shouting</u>.] [OE. <i>shouten</i>, of unknown origin; perhaps akin
to <i>shoot</i>; cf. Icel. <i>sk&umacr;ta</i>, <i>sk&umacr;ti</i>, a
taunt.] <def>To utter a sudden and loud outcry, as in joy, triumph, or
exultation, or to attract attention, to animate soldiers,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shouting</i> of the men and women eke.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>shouted</i> thrice: what was the last cry
for?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To shout at</b></col>, <cd>to utter shouts at; to deride or
revile with shouts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
utter with a shout; to cry; -- sometimes with <i>out</i>; as, to
<i>shout</i>, or to <i>shout</i> out, a man's name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with shouts or clamor.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A loud burst of voice or
voices; a vehement and sudden outcry, especially of a multitudes
expressing joy, triumph, exultation, or animated courage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Rhodians, seeing the enemy turn their backs, gave a
great <i>shout</i> in derision.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shout"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
shouts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shove</hw> (sh&ubreve;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Shoved</u> (sh&ubreve;vd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Shoving</u>.] [OE. <i>shoven</i>, AS. <i>scofian</i>,
fr. <i>sc&umacr;fan</i>; akin to OFries. <i>sk&umacr;va</i>, D.
<i>schuiven</i>, G. <i>schieben</i>, OHG. <i>scioban</i>, Icel.
<i>sk&umacr;fa</i>, <i>sk&ymacr;fa</i>, Sw. <i>skuffa</i>, Dan.
<i>skuffe</i>, Goth. af<i>skiuban</i> to put away, cast away; cf. Skr.
<i>kshubh</i> to become agitated, to quake, Lith. <i>skubrus</i>
quick, <i>skubinti</i> to hasten. &radic;160.  Cf. <u>Sheaf</u> a
bundle of stalks, <u>Scoop</u>, <u>Scuffle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To drive along by the direct and continuous application of
strength; to push; especially, to push (a body) so as to make it move
along the surface of another body; as, to <i>shove</i> a boat on the
water; to <i>shove</i> a table across the floor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To push along, aside, or away, in a
careless or rude manner; to jostle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>shove</i> away the worthy bidden
guest.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He used to <i>shove</i> and elbow his fellow
servants.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shove</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
push or drive forward; to move onward by pushing or
jostling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move off or along by an act pushing, as
with an oar a pole used by one in a boat; sometimes with
<i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He grasped the oar,<BR>
eceived his guests on board, and <i>shoved</i> from
shore.</blockquote> <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shove</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of shoving; a
forcible push.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I rested . . . and then gave the boat another
<i>shove</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Thrust</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Shove</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shove</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shove"board`</hw> (?), <hw>Shove"groat`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The same as <u>Shovelboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shovele</i>,
<i>schovele</i>, AS. <i>scoft</i>, <i>sceoft</i>; akin to D.
<i>schoffel</i>, G. <i>schaufel</i>, OHG. <i>sc&?;vala</i>, Dan.
<i>skovl</i>, Sw. <i>skofvel</i>, <i>skyffel</i>, and to E.
<i>shove</i>. &radic;160. See <u>Shove</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>An implement consisting of a broad scoop, or more or less hollow
blade, with a handle, used for lifting and throwing earth, coal,
grain, or other loose substances.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shovel hat</b></col>, <cd>a broad-brimmed hat, turned up at
the sides, and projecting in front like a shovel, -- worn by some
clergy of the English Church.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>Shovelspur</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a flat, horny
process on the tarsus of some toads, -- used in burrowing.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam shovel</b></col>, <cd>a machine with a scoop or scoops,
operated by a steam engine, for excavating earth, as in making railway
cuttings.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shoveled</u> (?) or <u>Shovelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shoveling</u> or <u>Shovelling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take up and throw with a shovel; as, to
<i>shovel</i> earth into a heap, or into a cart, or out of a
pit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gather up as with a shovel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Shoveler.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The shoveler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A board on which a game is played, by pushing
or driving pieces of metal or money to reach certain marks; also, the
game itself. Called also <i>shuffleboard</i>, <i>shoveboard</i>,
<i>shovegroat</i>, <i>shovelpenny</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A game played on board ship in which the
aim is to shove or drive with a cue wooden disks into divisions
chalked on the deck; -- called also <i>shuffleboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also
<i>shoveller</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which,
shovels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A river duck
(<i>Spatula clypeata</i>), native of Europe and America. It has a
large bill, broadest towards the tip. The male is handsomely
variegated with green, blue, brown, black, and white on the body; the
head and neck are dark green. Called also <i>broadbill</i>,
<i>spoonbill</i>, <i>shovelbill</i>, and <i>maiden duck</i>. The
Australian shoveler, or shovel-nosed duck (<i>S. rhynchotis</i>), is a
similar species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shovelfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a shovel will
hold; enough to fill a shovel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A shark (<i>Sphryna tiburio</i>) allied to
the hammerhead, and native of the warmer parts of the Atlantic and
Pacific oceans; -- called also <i>bonnet shark</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el*nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The common sand shark.
See under <u>Snad</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small
California shark (<i>Heptranchias maculatus</i>), which is taken for
its oil.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A Pacific Ocean shark
(<i>Hexanchus corinus</i>).</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A ganoid
fish of the Sturgeon family (<i>Scaphirhynchus platyrhynchus</i>) of
the Mississippi and Ohio rivers; -- called also <i>white
sturgeon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"el-nosed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a broad, flat nose; as, the <i>shovel-
nosed</i> duck, or shoveler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shov"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shove</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Showed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Shown</u> (?) or
<u>Showed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Showing</u>. It is
sometimes written <i>shew</i>, <i>shewed</i>, <i>shewn</i>,
<i>shewing</i>.] [OE. <i>schowen</i>, <i>shewen</i>, <i>schewen</i>,
<i>shawen</i>, AS. <i>sce&aacute;wian</i>, to look, see, view; akin to
OS. <i>scaw&?;n</i>, OFries. <i>skawia</i>, D. <i>schouwen</i>, OHG.
<i>scouw&?;n</i>, G. <i>schauen</i>, Dan. <i>skue</i>, Sw.
<i>sk&?;da</i>, Icel. <i>sko&?;a</i>, Goth. us<i>skawjan</i> to waken,
<i>skuggwa</i> a mirror, Icel. <i>skuggy</i> shade, shadow, L.
<i>cavere</i> to be on one's guard, Gr. &?;&?;&?; to mark, perceive,
hear, Skr. <i>kavi</i> wise.  Cf. <u>Caution</u>, <u>Scavenger</u>,
<u>Sheen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit or present to view;
to place in sight; to display; -- the thing exhibited being the
object, and often with an indirect object denoting the person or thing
seeing or beholding; as, to <i>show</i> a house; <i>show</i> your
colors; shopkeepers <i>show</i> customers goods (show goods to
customers).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go thy way, <i>shew</i> thyself to the
priest.</blockquote> <i>Matt. viii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor want we skill or art from whence to raise<BR>
Magnificence; and what can heaven <i>show</i> more?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit to the mental view; to tell; to
disclose; to reveal; to make known; as, to <i>show</i> one's
designs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shew</i> them the way wherein they must
walk.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xviii. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If it please my father to do thee evil, then I will
<i>shew</i> it thee, and send thee away.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xx.
13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, to make known the way to (a
person); hence, to direct; to guide; to asher; to conduct; as, to
<i>show</i> a person into a parlor; to <i>show</i> one to the
door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make apparent or clear, as by evidence,
testimony, or reasoning; to prove; to explain; also, to manifest; to
evince; as, to <i>show</i> the truth of a statement; to <i>show</i>
the causes of an event.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll <i>show</i> my duty by my timely
care.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bestow; to confer; to afford; as, to
<i>show</i> favor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shewing</i> mercy unto thousands of them that love
me.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xx. 6.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To show forth</b></col>, <cd>to manifest; to publish; to
proclaim.</cd> -- <col><b>To show his paces</b></col>, <cd>to exhibit
the gait, speed, or the like; -- said especially of a horse.</cd> --
<col><b>To show off</b></col>, <cd>to exhibit ostentatiously.</cd> --
<col><b>To show up</b></col>, <cd>to expose.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Show</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Written also <i>shew</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit or manifest one's self or itself;
to appear; to look; to be in appearance; to seem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just such she <i>shows</i> before a rising
storm.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All round a hedge upshoots, and <i>shows</i><BR>
At distance like a little wood.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1334 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a certain appearance, as well or
ill, fit or unfit; to become or suit; to appear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord of York, it better <i>showed</i> with
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To show off</b></col>, <cd>to make a show; to display one's
self.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Show</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly written also
<i>shew</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of showing, or bringing
to view; exposure to sight; exhibition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which os shown, or brought to view;
that which is arranged to be seen; a spectacle; an exhibition; as, a
traveling <i>show</i>; a cattle <i>show</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As for triumphs, masks, feasts, and such
<i>shows</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Proud or ostentatious display; parade;
pomp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I envy none their pageantry and
<i>show</i>.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Semblance; likeness; appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He through the midst unmarked,<BR>
In <i>show</i> plebeian angel militant<BR>
Of lowest order, passed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>False semblance; deceitful appearance;
pretense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beware of the scribes, . . . which devour widows'
houses, and for a <i>shew</i> make long prayers.</blockquote> <i>Luke
xx. 46. 47.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A discharge, from the vagina,
of mucus streaked with blood, occuring a short time before
labor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A pale blue flame, at the
top of a candle flame, indicating the presence of fire damp.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Show bill</b></col>, <cd>a broad sheet containing an
advertisement in large letters.</cd> -- <col><b>Show box</b></col>,
<cd>a box xontaining some object of curiosity carried round as a
show.</cd> -- <col><b>Show card</b></col>, <cd>an advertising placard;
also, a card for displaying samples.</cd> -- <col><b>Show
case</b></col>, <cd>a gla&?;ed case, box, or cabinet for displaying
and protecting shopkeepers' wares, articles on exhibition in museums,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Show glass</b></col>, <cd>a glass which displays
objects; a mirror.</cd> -- <col><b>Show of hands</b></col>, <cd>a
raising of hands to indicate judgment; as, the vote was taken by a
<i>show of hands</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Show stone</b></col>, <cd>a
piece of glass or crystal supposed to have the property of exhibiting
images of persons or things not present, indicating in that way future
events.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Show"bread`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Jewish
Antiq.)</i> <def>Bread of exhibition; loaves to set before God; -- the
term used in translating the various phrases used in the Hebrew and
Greek to designate the loaves of bread which the priest of the week
placed before the Lord on the golden table in the sanctuary. They were
made of fine flour unleavened, and were changed every Sabbath. The
loaves, twelve in number, represented the twelve tribes of Israel.
They were to be eaten by the priests only, and in the Holy
Place.</def> [Written also <i>shewbread</i>.]  <i>Mark ii. 26.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shows or exhibits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which shows; a mirror.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shour</i>,
<i>schour</i>, AS. <i>se&?;r</i>; akin to D. <i>schoer</i>, G.
<i>schauer</i>, OHG. <i>sc&?;r</i>, Icel. <i>sk&?;r</i>, Sw.
<i>skur</i>, Goth. <i>sk&?;ra windis</i> a storm of wind; of uncertain
origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fall or rain or hail of short
duration; sometimes, but rarely, a like fall of snow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In drought or else <i>showers</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Or wet the thirsty earth with falling
<i>showers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles a shower in falling or
passing through the air copiously and rapidly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>showers</i> of stones he drives them far
away.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A copious supply bestowed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He and myself<BR>
Have travail'd in the great <i>shower</i> of your gifts.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shower bath</b></col>, <cd>a bath in which water is
showered from above, and sometimes from the sides also.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Show"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Showered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Showering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To water with a shower; to
&?;&?;t copiously with rain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest it again dissolve and <i>shower</i> the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bestow liberally; to destribute or
scatter in &?;undance; to rain.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>C&?;sar's favor,<BR>
That <i>showers</i> down greatness on his friends.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rain in showers;
to fall, as in a hower or showers.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"er*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
showers.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"er*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being showery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Show"er*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rainless; freo
from showers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Show"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Raining in showers; abounding with frequent showers of
rain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a shower or
showers.</def> "Colors of the <i>showery</i> arch."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a showy
manner; pompously; with parade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Show"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being showy; pompousness; great parade;
ostentation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Show"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Appearance; display; exhibition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Presentation of facts; statement.</def>
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showy;
ostentatious.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Show"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Showmen</b></plw> (#). <def>One who exhibits a show; a
proprietor of a show.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shown</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Show</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Show"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room or
apartment where a show is exhibited.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A room where merchandise is exposed for
sale, or where samples are displayed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Show"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Compar</i>.
<u>Showier</u> (&?;); <i>superl</i>. <u>Showiest</u>.] <def>Making a
show; attracting attention; presenting a marked appearance;
ostentatious; gay; gaudy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A present of everything that was rich and
<i>showy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Splendid; gay; gaudy; gorgeous; fine; magnificent;
grand; stately; sumptuous; pompous.</p>

<p><hw>Shrag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Scrag</u>.] <def>A
twig of a tree cut off.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To trim, as trees; to
lop.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrag"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lops; one
who trims trees.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shram</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Shrink.] <def>To
cause to shrink or shrivel with cold; to benumb.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrank</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Shrink</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shrap</hw> (?), <hw>Shrape</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. <u>Scrap</u>, and <u>Scrape</u>.] <def>A place baited with chaff
to entice birds.</def> [Written also <i>scrap</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Bedell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrap"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Applied as an
appellation to a kind of shell invented by Gen. H. <i>Shrapnel</i> of
the British army.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shrapnel shell;
shrapnel shells, collectively.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shrapnel shell</b></col> <i>(Gunnery)</i>, <cd>a projectile
for a cannon, consisting of a shell filled with bullets and a small
bursting charge to scatter them at any given point while in flight.
See the Note under <u>Case shot</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shred</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shrede</i>,
<i>schrede</i>, AS. <i>scre&aacute;de</i>; akin to OD.
<i>schroode</i>, G. <i>schrot</i> a piece cut off, Icel.
<i>skrjo&eth;r</i> a shred, and to E. <i>shroud</i>.  Cf.
<u>Screed</u>, <u>Scroll</u>, <u>Scrutiny</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A long, narrow piece cut or torn off; a strip.</def>
"<i>Shreds</i> of tanned leather."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In general, a fragment; a piece; a
particle.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shred</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shred</u> or <u>Shredded</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shredding</u>.] [OE. <i>shreden</i>,
<i>schreden</i>, AS. <i>scre&aacute;dian</i>; akin to OD.
<i>schrooden</i>, OHG. <i>scr&?;tan</i>, G. <i>schroten</i>. See
<u>Shred</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut or
tear into small pieces, particularly narrow and long pieces, as of
cloth or leather.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lop; to prune; to trim.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shred"cook`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The fieldfare; -- so called from its harsh cry before rain.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shred"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of cutting or tearing into shreds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is cut or torn off; a
piece.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shred"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
shreds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shred"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no shreds;
without a shred.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And those which waved are <i>shredless</i> dust ere
now.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrew</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shrewe</i>,
<i>schrewe</i>.  Cf. <u>Shrewd</u>.] <def>Wicked; malicious.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Shrew</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a brawling,
turbulent, vexatious person of either sex, but now restricted in use
to females; a brawler; a scold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man . . . grudgeth that <i>shrews</i> [i. e., bad
men] have prosperity, or else that good men have
adversity.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man had got a <i>shrew</i> to his wife, and there
could be no quiet in the house for her.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [AS. <i>scre&aacute;wa</i>; -- so called because
supposed to be venomous. ] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small
insectivore of the genus <i>Sorex</i> and several allied genera of the
family <i>Sorecid&aelig;</i>. In form and color they resemble mice,
but they have a longer and more pointed nose. Some of them are the
smallest of all mammals.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European species are the house shrew
(<i>Crocidura araneus</i>), and the erd shrew (<i>Sorex vulgaris</i>)
(see under <u>Erd</u>.). In the United States several species of
<i>Sorex</i> and <i>Blarina</i> are common, as the broadnosed shrew
(<i>S. platyrhinus</i>), Cooper's shrew (<i>S. Cooperi</i>), and the
short-tailed, or mole, shrew (<i>Blarina brevicauda</i>). Th American
water, or marsh, shrew (<i>Neosorex palustris</i>), with fringed feet,
is less common. The common European water shrews are <i>Crossopus
fodiens</i>, and the oared shrew (see under <u>Oared</u>).</p>

<p><col><b>Earth shrew</b></col>, <cd>any shrewlike burrowing animal
of the family <i>Centetid&aelig;</i>, as the tendrac.</cd> --
<col><b>Elephant shrew</b></col>, <col><b>Jumping shrew</b></col>,
<col><b>Mole shrew</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Elephant</u>,
<u>Jumping</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Musk shrew</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Desman</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>River shrew</b></col>, <cd>an aquatic
West African insectivore (<i>Potamogale velox</i>) resembling a weasel
in form and size, but having a large flattened and crested tail
adapted for rapid swimming. It feeds on fishes.</cd> -- <col><b>Shrew
mole</b></col>, <cd>a common large North American mole (<i>Scalops
aquaticus</i>). Its fine, soft fur is gray with iridescent purple
tints.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shrew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Shrew</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Beshrew</u>.] <def>To beshrew; to
curse.</def> [Obs.] "I <i>shrew</i> myself."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrewd</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shrewder</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shrewdest</u>.] [Originally the p. p. of
<i>shrew</i>, v.t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclining to shrew;
disposing to curse or scold; hence, vicious; malicious; evil; wicked;
mischievous; vexatious; rough; unfair; shrewish.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Egypt] hath many <i>shrewd</i> havens, because of the
great rocks that ben strong and dangerous to pass by.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Mandeville.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every of this happy number<BR>
That have endured <i>shrewd</i> days and nights with us.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Artful; wily; cunning; arch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These women are <i>shrewd</i> tempters with their
tongues.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Able or clever in practical affairs; sharp
in business; astute; sharp-witted; sagacious; keen; as, a
<i>shrewd</i> observer; a <i>shrewd</i> design; a <i>shrewd</i>
reply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Professing to despise the ill opinion of mankind
creates a <i>shrewd</i> suspicion that we have deserved
it.</blockquote> <i>Secker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Keen; critical; subtle; artful; astute; sagacious;
discerning; acute; penetrating.  -- <u>Shrewd</u>, <u>Sagacious</u>.
One who is shrewd is keen to detect errors, to penetrate disguises, to
foresee and guard against the selfishness of others. <i>Shrewd</i> is
a word of less dignity than <i>sagacious</i>, which implies a
comprehensive as well as penetrating mind, whereas <i>shrewd</i> does
not.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Shrewd"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shrewd"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shrew"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>having the
qualities of a shrew; having a scolding disposition; froward;
peevish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My wife is <i>shrewish</i> when I keep not
hours.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Shrew"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Shrew"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shrew"mouse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A shrew; especially, the erd shrew.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Shriek</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shrieked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shrieking</u>.] [OE. <i>shriken</i>, originallythe same word as E.
<i>screech</i>. See <u>Screech</u>, and cf. <u>Screak</u>.] <def>To
utter a loud, sharp, shrill sound or cry, as do some birds and beasts;
to scream, as in a sudden fright, in horror or anguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was the owl that <i>shrieked</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At this she <i>shrieked</i> aloud; the mournful
train<BR>
Echoed her grief.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shriek</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter sharply
and shrilly; to utter in or with a shriek or shrieks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On top whereof aye dwelt the ghostly owl,<BR>
<i>Shrieking</i> his baleful note.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>shrieked</i> his name<BR>
To the dark woods.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shriek</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp, shrill outcry
or scream; a shrill wild cry such as is caused by sudden or extreme
terror, pain, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Shrieks</i>, clamors, murmurs, fill the frighted
town.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shriek owl</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The screech owl</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The swift; -- so called from its cry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shriek"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who utters a
shriek.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriev"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a sheriff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriev"al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from
<i>sheriffalty</i>. See <u>Shrieve</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<u>Sheriff</u>.] <def>The office, or sphere of jurisdiction, of a
sheriff; sheriffalty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was ordained by 28 Edward I that the people shall
have election of sheriff in every shire where the <i>shrievalty</i> is
not of inheritance.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrieve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from OE.
<i>shereve</i>. See <u>Sheriff</u>.] <def>A sheriff.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrieve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shrive; to
question.</def> [Obs.] "She gan him soft to <i>shrieve</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shrift</i>,
<i>schrift</i>, AS. <i>scrift</i>, fr. <i>scr&imacr;fan</i> to shrive.
See <u>Shrive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
shriving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>shrift</i> and preaching is my
diligence.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Confession made to a priest, and the
absolution consequent upon it.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Have you got leave to go to <i>shrift</i> to-
day?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore, my lord, address you to your
<i>shrift</i>,<BR>
And be yourself; for you must die this instant.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Shrift father</b></col>, <cd>a priest to whom confession is
made.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shright</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shriek</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She cried alway and <i>shright</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shright</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Shriek</u>.] <def>A
shriek; shrieking.</def> [Obs] <i>Spenser.</i> "All hoarse for
<i>shright</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to Icel.
<i>skr&imacr;kja</i> a shrieker, the shrike, and E. <i>shriek</i>; cf.
AS. <i>scr&imacr;c</i> a thrush. See <u>Shriek</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
oscinine birds of the family <i>Laniid&aelig;</i>, having a strong
hooked bill, toothed at the tip. Most shrikes are insectivorous, but
the common European gray shrike (<i>Lanius excubitor</i>), the great
northern shrike (<i>L. borealis</i>), and several others, kill mice,
small birds, etc., and often impale them on thorns, and are, on that
account called also <i>butcher birds</i>. See under
<u>Butcher</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ant shrikes, or bush shrikes, are clamatorial birds of
the family <i>Formicarid&aelig;</i>. The cuckoo shrikes of the East
Indies and Australia are Oscines of the family
<i>Campephagid&aelig;</i>. The drongo shrikes of the same regions
belong to the related family <i>Dicrurid&aelig;</i>. See
<u>Drongo</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Crow shrike</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Crow</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shrike thrush</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of
several species of Asiatic timaline birds of the genera
<i>Thamnocataphus</i>, <i>Gampsorhynchus</i>, and allies</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of several species of shrikelike
Australian singing birds of the genus <i>Colluricincla</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shrike tit</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of
several Australian birds of the genus <i>Falcunculus</i>, having a
strong toothed bill and sharp claws. They creep over the bark of
trees, like titmice, in search of insects.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Any one of several species of small Asiatic birds belonging to
<i>Allotrius</i>, <i>Pteruthius</i>, <i>Cutia</i>, <i>Leioptila</i>,
and allied genera, related to the true tits. Called also <i>hill
tit</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Swallow shrike</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Swallow</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shrill</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shriller</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shrillest</u>.] [OE. <i>shril</i>,
<i>schril</i>; akin to LG. <i>schrell</i>, G. <i>schrill</i>. See
<u>Shrill</u>,<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Acute; sharp; piercing;
having or emitting a sharp, piercing tone or sound; -- said of a
sound, or of that which produces a sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hear the <i>shrill</i> whistle which doth order
give<BR>
To sounds confused.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let winds be <i>shrill</i>, let waves roll
high.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shrill sound.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shrilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shrilling</u>.] [OE. <i>schrillen</i>, akin to G. <i>schrillen</i>;
cf. AS. <i>scralletan</i> to resound loudly, Icel. <i>skr&ouml;lta</i>
to jolt, Sw. <i>skr&auml;lla</i> to shrill, Norw. <i>skryla</i>,
<i>skr&?;la</i>.  Cf. <u>Skirl</u>.] <def>To utter an acute, piercing
sound; to sound with a sharp, shrill tone; to become shrill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Break we our pipes, that <i>shrilled</i>loud as
lark.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No sounds were heard but of the <i>shrilling</i>
cock.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His voice <i>shrilled</i> with passion.</blockquote>
<i>L. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter or express
in a shrill tone; to cause to make a shrill sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How poor Andromache <i>shrills</i> her dolors
forth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrill"-gorged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
throat which produces a shrill note.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrill"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being shrill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrill"-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
shrill voice.</def> "When <i>shrill-tongued</i> Fulvia scolds."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shril"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shrill manner;
acutely; with a sharp sound or voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shril"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat shrill.</def>
[Poetic]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some kept up a <i>shrilly</i> mellow
sound.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrimp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>scrimman</i> to dry up, wither, MHG. <i>schrimpfen</i> to shrink,
G. <i>schrumpfen</i>, Dan. <i>skrumpe</i>, <i>skrumpes</i>, Da. &amp; Sw.
<i>skrumpen</i> shriveled.  Cf. <u>Scrimp</u>, <u>Shrink</u>,
<u>Shrivel</u>.] <def>To contract; to shrink.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrimp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shrimp</i>; --
probably so named from its shriveled appearance. See <u>Shrimp</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of numerous species of macruran
Crustacea belonging to <i>Crangon</i> and various allied genera,
having a slender body and long legs. Many of them are used as food.
The larger kinds are called also <i>prawns</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Decapoda</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a more general
sense, any species of the macruran tribe <i>Caridea</i>, or any
species of the order Schizopoda, having a similar form.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In a loose sense, any small crustacean,
including some amphipods and even certain entomostracans; as, the
fairy <i>shrimp</i>, and brine <i>shrimp</i>. See under <u>Fairy</u>,
and <u>Brine</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1335 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, a little wrinkled man; a
dwarf; -- in contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This weak and writhled <i>shrimp</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Opossum shrimp</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Opossum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spector shrimp</b></col>, or
<col><b>Skeleton shrimp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any slender
amphipod crustacean of the genus <i>Caprella</i> and allied genera.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>L&aelig;modopoda</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Shrimp catcher</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the little
tern (<i>Sterna minuta</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Shrimp net</b></col>,
<cd>a dredge net fixed upon a pole, or a sweep net dragged over the
fishing ground.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shrimp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who fishes
for shrimps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrine</hw> (shr&imacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>schrin</i>, AS. <i>scr&imacr;n</i>, from L. <i>scrinium</i> a case,
chest, box.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A case, box, or receptacle,
especially one in which are deposited sacred relics, as the bones of a
saint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any sacred place, as an altar, tromb, or
the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too weak the sacred <i>shrine</i> guard.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place or object hallowed from its history
or associations; as, a <i>shrine</i> of art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enshrine; to place
reverently, as in a shrine.</def> "<i>Shrined</i> in his sanctuary."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Shrank</u> (?) or <u>Shrunk</u> (?)
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Shrunk</u> or <u>Shrunken</u> (&?;), but
the latter is now seldom used except as a participial adjective;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shrinking</u>.] [OE.
<i>shrinken</i>, <i>schrinken</i>, AS. <i>scrincan</i>; akin to OD.
<i>schrincken</i>, and probably to Sw. <i>skrynka</i> a wrinkle,
<i>skrynkla</i> to wrinkle, to rumple, and E. <i>shrimp</i>, n. &amp; v.,
<i>scrimp</i>. CF. <u>Shrimp</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wrinkle,
bend, or curl; to shrivel; hence, to contract into a less extent or
compass; to gather together; to become compacted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And on a broken reed he still did stay<BR>
His feeble steps, which <i>shrunk</i> when hard thereon he
lay.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not found that water, by mixture of ashes, will
<i>shrink</i> or draw into less room.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Against this fire do I <i>shrink</i> up.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>shrink</i> like parchment in consuming
fire.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the boards did <i>shrink</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw or retire, as from danger; to
decline action from fear; to recoil, as in fear, horror, or
distress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What happier natures <i>shrink</i> at with
affright,<BR>
The hard inhabitant contends is right.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They assisted us against the Thebans when you
<i>shrank</i> from the task.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To express fear, horror, or pain by
contracting the body, or part of it; to shudder; to quake.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to contract or shrink; as, to <i>shrink</i> finnel by imersing
it in boiling water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw back; to withdraw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Libyc Hammon <i>shrinks</i> his horn.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To shrink on</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>to fix (one
piece or part) firmly around (another) by natural contraction in
cooling, as a tire on a wheel, or a hoop upon a cannon, which is made
slightly smaller than the part it is to fit, and expanded by heat till
it can be slipped into place.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shrink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act shrinking;
shrinkage; contraction; also, recoil; withdrawal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet almost wish, with sudden <i>shrink</i>,<BR>
That I had less to praise.</blockquote> <i>Leigh Hunt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrink"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of shrinking; a contraction into less bulk or
measurement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The amount of such contraction; the bulk or
dimension lost by shrinking, as of grain, castings, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Decrease in value; depreciation.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shrinks;
one who withdraws from danger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrink"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Shrink</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shrinking head</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>a body of
molten metal connected with a mold for the purpose of supplying metal
to compensate for the shrinkage of the casting; -- called also
<i>sinking head</i>, and <i>riser</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shrink"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shrinking
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriv"al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Shrievalty.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Shrived</u> (?) or <u>Shrove</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Shriven</u> (?) or <u>Shrived</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shriving</u>.] [OE.
<i>shriven</i>, <i>schriven</i>, AS. <i>scr&imacr;van</i> to shrive,
to impose penance or punishment; akin to OFries. <i>skr&imacr;va</i>
to impose punishment; cf. OS. bi<i>skr&imacr;ban</i> to be troubled.
Cf. <u>Shrift</u>, <u>Shrovetide</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hear
or receive the confession of; to administer confession and absolution
to; -- said of a priest as the agent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That they should <i>shrive</i> their
parishioners.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Doubtless he <i>shrives</i> this woman, . . . <BR>
Else ne'er could he so long protract his speech.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Till my guilty soul be <i>shriven</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To confess, and receive absolution; -- used
reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Get you to the church and <i>shrive</i>
yourself.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrive</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To receive
confessions, as a priest; to administer confession and
absolution.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shriv"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shriveled</u> (?) or <u>Shrivelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Shriveling</u> or <u>Shrivelling</u>.] [Probably
akin to <i>shrimp</i>, <i>shrink</i>; cf. dial. AS. <i>screpa</i> to
pine away, Norw. <i>skrypa</i> to waste, <i>skryp</i>, <i>skryv</i>,
transitory, frail, Sw. <i>skr&ouml;pling</i> feeble, Dan.
<i>skr&ouml;belig</i>, Icel. <i>skrj&?;pr</i> brittle, frail.] <def>To
draw, or be drawn, into wrinkles; to shrink, and form corrugations;
as, a leaf <i>shriveles</i> in the hot sun; the skin <i>shrivels</i>
with age; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriv"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
shrivel or contract; to cause to shrink onto corruptions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriv"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Shrive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shrives; a
confessor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shriv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Shrift;
confession.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shroff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>sarr&amacr;f</i>.] <def>A banker, or changer of money.</def> [East
Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Shroff"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The examination
of coins, and the separation of the good from the debased.</def> [East
Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Shrood</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shroud</u>.]
[Written also <i>shroud</i>, and <i>shrowd</i>.] <def>To trim; to
lop.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shroud</hw> (shroud), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>shroud</i>,
<i>shrud</i>, <i>schrud</i>, AS. <i>scr&umacr;d</i> a garment,
clothing; akin to Icel.  <i>skru&eth;</i> the shrouds of a ship,
furniture of a church, a kind of stuff, Sw. <i>skrud</i> dress,
attire, and E. <i>shred</i>. See <u>Shred</u>, and cf. <u>Shrood</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which clothes, covers, conceals, or
protects; a garment.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Swaddled, as new born, in sable
<i>shrouds</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the dress for the dead; a
winding sheet.</def> "A dead man in his <i>shroud</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which covers or shelters like a
shroud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jura answers through her misty
<i>shroud</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A covered place used as a retreat or
shelter, as a cave or den; also, a vault or crypt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shroud</i> to which he won<BR>
His fair-eyed oxen.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A vault, or <i>shroud</i>, as under a
church.</blockquote> <i>Withals.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The branching top of a tree; foliage.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Assyrian wad a cedar in Lebanon, with fair branches
and with a shadowing <i>shroad</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxxi.
3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A set of ropes
serving as stays to support the masts. The lower shrouds are secured
to the sides of vessels by heavy iron bolts and are passed around the
head of the lower masts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>One of the two annular
plates at the periphery of a water wheel, which form the sides of the
buckets; a shroud plate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bowsprit shrouds</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>ropes
extending from the head of the bowsprit to the sides of the
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Futtock shrouds</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>iron rods connecting the topmast rigging with the lower rigging,
passing over the edge of the top.</cd> -- <col><b>Shroud
plate</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>An iron plate
extending from the dead-eyes to the ship's side</cd>. <i>Ham. Nav.
Encyc.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>A shroud. See def.
7, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shroud</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shrouded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shrouding</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>scr&?;dan</i>. See <u>Shroud</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a shroud;
especially, to inclose in a winding sheet; to dress for the
grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ancient Egyptian mummies were <i>shrouded</i> in a
number of folds of linen besmeared with gums.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover, as with a shroud; to protect
completely; to cover so as to conceal; to hide; to veil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of these trees, with all his young ones, may
<i>shroud</i> four hundred horsemen.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some tempest rise,<BR>
And blow out all the stars that light the skies,<BR>
To <i>shroud</i> my shame.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shroud</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take shelter or
harbor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If your stray attendance be yet lodged,<BR>
Or <i>shroud</i> within these limits.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shroud</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lop. See
<u>Shrood</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shroud"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided with a
shroud or shrouds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shrouded gear</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a cogwheel or
pinion having flanges which form closed ends to the spaces between the
teeth and thus strengthen the teeth by tying them together.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shroud"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The shrouds. See
<u>Shroud</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shroud"-laid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed of
four strands, and laid right-handed with a heart, or center; -- said
of rope. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Cordage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shroud"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
shroud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shroud"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affording
shelter.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrove</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Shrive</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shrove Sunday</b></col>, <cd>Quinguagesima Sunday.</cd> --
<col><b>Shrove Tuesday</b></col>, <cd>the Tuesday following
Quinguagesima Sunday, and preceding the first day of Lent, or Ash
Wednesday.</cd> It was formerly customary in England, on this day, for
the people to confess their sins to their parish priests, after which
they dined on pancakes, or fritters, and the occasion became one of
merriment. The bell rung on this day is popularly called <i>Pancake
Bell</i>, and the day itself <i>Pancake Tuesday</i>. <i>P.
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrove</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To join in the
festivities of Shrovetide; hence, to make merry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrove"tide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>shrive</i>
to take a confession (OE. imp. <i>shrof</i>, AS. <i>scr&amacr;f</i>) +
<i>tide</i>.] <def>The days immediately preceding Ash Widnesday,
especially the period between the evening before Quinguagesima Sunday
and the morning of Ash Wednesday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrov"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The festivity of
Shrovetide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shrew.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrowd</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shrood</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>shirb</i>,
<i>shurb</i>, a drink, beverage, fr. <i>shariba</i> to drink.  Cf.
<u>Sirup</u>, <u>Sherbet</u>.] <def>A liquor composed of vegetable
acid, especially lemon juice, and sugar, with spirit to preserve
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>schrob</i>, AS.
<i>scrob</i>, <i>scrobb</i>; akin to Norw. <i>skrubba</i> the dwarf
cornel tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A woody plant of less size than a
tree, and usually with several stems from the same root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lop; to
prune.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Anderson (1573).</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrub"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Shrubberies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
collection of shrubs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place where shrubs are planted.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrub"bi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being shrubby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrub"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shrubbier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shrubbiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of shrubs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of a shrub; resembling a
shrub.</def> "<i>Shrubby</i> browse."  <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrub"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>having no
shrubs.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shruff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scruff</u>,
<u>Scurf</u>.] <def>Rubbish. Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Dross
or refuse of metals. [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Light, dry wood, or
stuff used for fuel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrug</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shrugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shrugging</u> (?).] [Probably akin to <i>shrink</i>, p. p.
<i>shrunk</i>; cf. Dan. <i>skrugge</i>, <i>skrukke</i>, to stoop,
dial. Sw. <i>skrukka</i>, <i>skruga</i>, to crouch.] <def>To draw up
or contract (the shoulders), especially by way of expressing dislike,
dread, doubt, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>shrugs</i> his shoulders when you talk of
securities.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrug</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To raise or draw up
the shoulders, as in expressing dislike, dread, doubt, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They grin, they <i>shrug</i>.<BR>
They bow, they snarl, they snatch, they hug.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drawing up of the
shoulders, -- a motion usually expressing dislike, dread, or
doubt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Spaniards talk in dialogues<BR>
Of heads and shoulders, nods and <i>shrugs</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shrunk"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> from
<u>Shrink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shuck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shock of
grain.</def> [Prev.Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shuck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps akin to G.
<i>shote</i> a husk, pod, shell.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shell,
husk, or pod; especially, the outer covering of such nuts as the
hickory nut, butternut, peanut, and chestnut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The shell of an oyster or clam.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shuck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shucked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shucking</u>.] <def>To deprive of the shucks or husks; as, to
<i>shuck</i> walnuts, Indian corn, oysters, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shuck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shucks
oysters or clams</def></p>

<p><hw>Shud"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shuddered</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shuddering</u>.] [OE. <i>shoderen</i>, <i>schuderen</i>; akin to
LG. <i>schuddern</i>, D. <i>schudden</i> to shake, OS.
<i>skuddian</i>, G. <i>schaudern</i> to shudder, <i>sch&uuml;tteln</i>
to shake, <i>sch&uuml;tten</i> to pour, to shed, OHG. <i>scutten</i>,
<i>scuten</i>, to shake.] <def>To tremble or shake with fear, horrer,
or aversion; to shiver with cold; to quake.</def> "With
<i>shuddering</i> horror pale."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>shuddering</i> tennant of the frigid
zone.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shud"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of shuddering,
as with fear.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shud"der*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
shuddering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The husks and other
refuse of rice mills, used to adulterate oil cake, or linseed
cake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shuffled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shuffling</u> (?).] [Originally the same word as <i>scuffle</i>,
and properly a freq. of <i>shove</i>. See <u>Shove</u>, and
<u>Scuffle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shove one way and the
other; to push from one to another; as, to <i>shuffle</i> money from
hand to hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mix by pushing or shoving; to confuse;
to throw into disorder; especially, to change the relative positions
of, as of the cards in a pack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man may <i>shuffle</i> cards or rattle dice from noon
to midnight without tracing a new idea in his mind.</blockquote>
<i>Rombler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remove or introduce by artificial
confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was contrived by your enemies, and <i>shuffled</i>
into the papers that were seizen.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To shuffe off</b></col>, <cd>to push off; to rid one's self
of.</cd> -- <col><b>To shuffe up</b></col>, <cd>to throw together in
hastel to make up or form in confusion or with fraudulent disorder;
as, he <i>shuffled up</i> a peace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To change the relative position of cards in a pack; as, to
<i>shuffle</i> and cut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change one's position; to shift ground;
to evade questions; to resort to equivocation; to
prevaricate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I myself, . . . hiding mine honor in my necessity, am
fain to <i>shuffle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To use arts or expedients; to make
shift.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your life, good master,<BR>
Must <i>shuffle</i> for itself.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move in a slovenly, dragging manner; to
drag or scrape the feet in walking or dancing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The aged creature came<BR>
<i>Shuffling</i> along with ivory-headed wand.</blockquote>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To equivicate; prevaricate; quibble; cavil; shift;
sophisticate; juggle.</p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of shuffling; a mixing confusedly; a slovenly, dragging
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unguided agitation and rude <i>shuffles</i> of
matter.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trick; an artifice; an evasion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gifts of nature are beyond all shame and
<i>shuffles</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fle*board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shovelboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fle*cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A play
performed by shaking money in a hat or cap.</def> [R.]
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shuffles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Either one of the three
common American scaup ducks. See <i>Scaup duck</i>, under
<u>Scaup</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fle*wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hedg sparrow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moving with a dragging, scraping step.</def> "A <i>shuffling</i>
nag."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evasive; as, a <i>shuffling</i>
excuse.</def>  <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shuf"fling</hw>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>In a shuffling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shug</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shrug</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To writhe the body so as to produce friction
against one's clothes, as do those who have the itch.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to crawl; to sneak.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There I 'll <i>shug</i> in and get a noble
countenance.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shu"mac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Sumac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shun</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shunned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shunning</u>.] [OE. <i>shunien</i>, <i>schunien</i>,
<i>schonien</i>, AS. <i>scunian</i>, <i>sceonian</i>; cf. D.
<i>schuinen</i> to slepe, <i>schuin</i> oblique, sloping, Icel.
<i>skunda</i>, <i>skynda</i>, to hasten.  Cf. <u>Schooner</u>,
<u>Scoundrel</u>, <u>Shunt</u>.] <def>To avoid; to keep clear of; to
get out of the way of; to escape from; to eschew; as, to <i>shun</i>
rocks, shoals, vice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am pure from the blood of all men. For I have not
shunned to declare unto you all the counsel of God.</blockquote>
<i>Acts xx. 26,27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Scarcity and want shall <i>shun</i> you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Avoid</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Shun"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be shunned;
inevitable; unavoidable.</def> [R.] "<i>Shunless</i> destiny."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1336 !></p>

<p><hw>Shunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shunted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shunting</u>.] [Prov. E., to move from, to put off, fr. OE.
<i>shunten</i>, <i>schunten</i>, <i>schounten</i>; cf. D.
<i>schuinte</i> a slant, slope, Icel. <i>skunda</i> to hasten.  Cf.
<u>Shun</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shun; to move from.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to move suddenly; to give a sudden
start to; to shove.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To turn off to one side; especially, to
turn off, as a grain or a car upon a side track; to switch off; to
shift.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>shunting</i> your late partner on to
me.</blockquote> <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To provide with a shunt; as,
to <i>shunt</i> a galvanometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go aside; to
turn off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>schuinte</i> slant,
slope, declivity. See <u>Shunt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A turning off to a side or
short track, that the principal track may be left free.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A conducting circuit joining
two points in a conductor, or the terminals of a galvanometer or
dynamo, so as to form a parallel or derived circuit through which a
portion of the current may pass, for the purpose of regulating the
amount passing in the main circuit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gunnery)</i> <def>The shifting of the studs
on a projectile from the deep to the shallow sides of the grooves in
its discharge from a shunt gun.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Shunt dynamo</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a dynamo in
which the field circuit is connected with the main circuit so as to
form a shunt to the letter, thus employing a portion of the current
from the armature to maintain the field.</cd> -- <col><b>Shunt
gun</b></col>, <cd>a firearm having shunt rifling. See under
<u>Rifling</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shunt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Railroad)</i>
<def>A person employed to shunt cars from one track to
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shut</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shutting</u>.] [OE. <i>shutten</i>, <i>schutten</i>,
<i>shetten</i>, <i>schitten</i>, AS. <i>scyttan</i> to shut or lock up
(akin to D. <i>schutten</i>, G. <i>sch&uuml;tzen</i> to protect),
properly, to fasten with a bolt or bar <i>shot</i> across, fr. AS.
<i>sce&oacute;tan</i> to shoot. &radic;159. See <u>Shoot</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To close so as to hinder ingress or egress;
as, to <i>shut</i> a door or a gate; to <i>shut</i> one's eyes or
mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To forbid entrance into; to prohibit; to
bar; as, to <i>shut</i> the ports of a country by a
blockade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall that be <i>shut</i> to man which to the beast<BR>
Is open?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To preclude; to exclude; to bar out.</def>
"<i>Shut</i> from every shore."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fold together; to close over, as the
fingers; to close by bringing the parts together; as, to <i>shut</i>
the hand; to <i>shut</i> a book.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To shut in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To inclose;
to confine</cd>. "The Lord <i>shut</i> him <i>in</i>." <i>Cen. vii.
16.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To cover or intercept the view of; as,
one point <i>shuts in</i> another.</cd> -- <col><b>To shut
off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To exclude</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To prevent the passage of, as steam through a
pipe, or water through a flume, by closing a cock, valve, or
gate.</cd> -- <col><b>To shut out</b></col>, <cd>to preclude from
entering; to deny admission to; to exclude; as, <i>to shut out</i>
rain by a tight roof.</cd> -- <col><b>To shut together</b></col>,
<cd>to unite; to close, especially to close by welding.</cd> --
<col><b>To shut up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To close; to
make fast the entrances into; as, <i>to shut up</i> a house.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To obstruct</cd>. "Dangerous rocks <i>shut
up</i> the passage." <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To
inclose; to confine; to imprison; to fasten in; as, <i>to shut up</i>
a prisoner.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Before faith came, we were kept under the law, <i>shut
up</i> unto the faith which should afterwards be
revealed.</blockquote> <i>Gal. iii. 23.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To end; to terminate; to conclude</cd>.</p>

<p><blockquote>When the scene of life is <i>shut up</i>, the slave
will be above his master if he has acted better.</blockquote>
<i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To unite, as two pieces of metal by
welding.</cd> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to become silent by
authority, argument, or force</cd>.
</p>

<p><hw>Shut</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To close itself; to
become closed; as, the door <i>shuts</i>; it <i>shuts</i>
hard.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To shut up</b></col>, <cd>to cease speaking.</cd> [Colloq.]
<i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shut</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Closed
or fastened; as, a <i>shut</i> door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rid; clear; free; as, to get <i>shut</i> of
a person.</def> [Now dialectical or local, Eng. &amp; U.S.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formed
by complete closure of the mouth passage, and with the nose passage
remaining closed; stopped, as are the mute consonants, <i>p</i>,
<i>t</i>, <i>k</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>d</i>, and hard <i>g</i>.</def> <i>H.
Sweet.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Cut off sharply and abruptly by a
following consonant in the same syllable, as the English short vowels,
&abreve;, &ebreve;, &ibreve;, &obreve;, &ubreve;, always
are.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or time of
shutting; close; as, the <i>shut</i> of a door.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just then returned at <i>shut</i> of evening
flowers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A door or cover; a shutter.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The line or place where two pieces of metal
are united by welding.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cold shut</b></col>, <cd>the imperfection in a casting
caused by the flowing of liquid metal upon partially chilled metal;
also, the imperfect weld in a forging caused by the inadequate heat of
one surface under working.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Chute</u>,
or <u>Shoot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who shuts or closes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A movable cover or screen for a window,
designed to shut out the light, to obstruct the view, or to be of some
strength as a defense; a blind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A removable cover, or a gate, for closing
an aperture of any kind, as for closing the passageway for molten iron
from a ladle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
shutters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>shittle</i>,
OE. <i>schitel</i>, <i>scytyl</i>, <i>schetyl</i>; cf. OE.
<i>schitel</i> a bolt of a door, AS. <i>scyttes</i>; all from AS.
<i>sce&oacute;tan</i> to shoot; akin to Dan. <i>skyttel</i>,
<i>skytte</i>, shuttle, dial. Sw. <i>skyttel</i>, <i>sk&ouml;ttel</i>.
&radic;159. See <u>Shoot</u>, and cf. <u>Shittle</u>,
<u>Skittles</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument used in
weaving for passing or shooting the thread of the woof from one side
of the cloth to the other between the threads of the warp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like <i>shuttles</i> through the loom, so swiftly
glide<BR>
My feathered hours.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sliding thread holder in a sewing
machine, which carries the lower thread through a loop of the upper
thread, to make a lock stitch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shutter, as for a channel for molten
metal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Shuttle box</b></col> <i>(Weaving)</i>, <cd>a case at the
end of a shuttle race, to receive the shuttle after it has passed the
thread of the warp; also, one of a set of compartments containing
shuttles with different colored threads, which are passed back and
forth in a certain order, according to the pattern of the cloth
woven.</cd> -- <col><b>Shutten race</b></col>, <cd>a sort of shelf in
a loom, beneath the warp, along which the shuttle passes; a channel or
guide along which the shuttle passes in a sewing machine.</cd> --
<col><b>Shuttle shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of marine gastropods of the genus <i>Volva</i>, or
<i>Radius</i>, having a smooth, spindle-shaped shell prolonged into a
channel at each end.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move
backwards and forwards, like a shuttle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had to fly far and wide, <i>shutting</i> athwart the
big Babel, wherever his calls and pauses had to be.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tle*cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cork stuck
with feathers, which is to be struck by a battledoor in play; also,
the play itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tle*cock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To send or
toss to and fro; to bandy; as, to <i>shuttlecock</i> words.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tle*cork`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shuttlecock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shut"tle*wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Back and
forth, like the movement of a shuttle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shwan"-pan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Schwan-
pan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shy</hw> (sh&imacr;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Shier</u> (-&etilde;r) or <u>Shyer</u>;
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Shiest</u> or <u>Shyest</u>.] [OE.
<i>schey</i>, <i>skey</i>, <i>sceouh</i>, AS. <i>sce&oacute;h</i>;
akin to Dan. <i>sky</i>, Sw. <i>skygg</i>, D. <i>schuw</i>, MHG.
<i>schiech</i>, G. <i>scheu</i>, OHG. <i>sciuhen</i> to be or make
timid.  Cf. <u>Eschew</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easily frightened;
timid; as, a <i>shy</i> bird.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The horses of the army . . . were no longer <i>shy</i>,
but would come up to my very feet without starting.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reserved; coy; disinclined to familiar
approach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What makes you so <i>shy</i>, my good friend? There's
nobody loves you better than I.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The embarrassed look of <i>shy</i> distress<BR>
And maidenly shamefacedness.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cautious; wary; suspicious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am very <i>shy</i> of using corrosive liquors in the
preparation of medicines.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Princes are, by wisdom of state, somewhat <i>shy</i> of
thier successors.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To fight shy</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fight</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Shy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Shied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Shying</u>.] [From <u>Shy</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To start
suddenly aside through fright or suspicion; -- said especially of
horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw sidewise with a
jerk; to fling; as, to <i>shy</i> a stone; to <i>shy</i> a
slipper.</def>  <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden
start aside, as by a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A side throw; a throw; a fling.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If Lord Brougham gets a stone in his hand, he must, it
seems, have a <i>shy</i> at somebody.</blockquote> <i>Punch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shy"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a shy or timid
manner; not familiarly; with reserve.</def> [Written also
<i>shily</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Shy"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being shy.</def> [Written also <i>shiness</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Frequency in heavenly contemplation is particularly
important to prevent a <i>shyness</i> bewtween God and thy
soul.</blockquote> <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bashfulness; reserve; coyness; timidity; diffidence.
See <u>Bashfulness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Shy"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. from G.
<i>scheisse</i> excrement.] <def>A trickish knave; one who carries on
any business, especially legal business, in a mean and dishonest
way.</def> [Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Si</hw> (?). [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A syllable applied, in
solmization, to the note B; more recently, to the seventh tone of any
major diatonic scale. It was added to Guido's scale by Le Maire about
the end of the 17th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*a"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The ahu, or jairou.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*al"o*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>si`alon</grk> saliva + &?;&?;&?;&?; leading, from &?;&?;&?; to
lead: cf. F. <i>sialagogue</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An agent which
promotes the flow of saliva.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si"a*mang`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>si&amacr;mang</i>.] <i>(Zool.)</i> <def>A gibbon (<i>Hylobates
syndactylus</i>), native of Sumatra. It has the second and third toes
partially united by a web.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`a*mese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Siam, its native people, or their language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`a*mese`</hw>, <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of Siam; <i>pl.</i>,
the people of Siam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>sing.</i> <def>The language of the
Siamese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sibb</i> alliance,
<i>gesib</i> a relative. &radic;289. See <u>Gossip</u>.] <def>A blood
relation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Related by blood;
akin.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your kindred is but . . . little <i>sib</i> to
you.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] is no fairy birn, ne <i>sib</i> at all<BR>
To elfs, but sprung of seed terrestrial.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib"bens</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A contagious disease, endemic in Scotland,
resembling the yaws. It is marked by ulceration of the throat and nose
and by pustules and soft fungous excrescences upon the surface of the
body. In the Orkneys the name is applied to the itch.</def> [Written
also <i>sivvens</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Si*be"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Siberia</i>, Russ. <i>Sibire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
Siberia, a region comprising all northern Asia and belonging to
Russia; as, a <i>Siberian</i> winter.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Siberia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Siberian crab</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the Siberian
crab apple. See <i>Crab apple</i>, under <u>Crab</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Siberian dog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of a large
breed of dogs having erect ears and the hair of the body and tail very
long. It is distinguished for endurance of fatigue when used for the
purpose of draught.</cd> -- <col><b>Siberian pea tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small leguminous tree (<i>Cragana
arborescens</i>) with yellow flowers. It is a native of
Siberia.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sib"i*lance</hw> (?), <hw>Sib"i*lan*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being sibilant;
sibilation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Milton would not have avoided them for their
<i>sibilancy</i>, he who wrote . . . verses that hiss like Medusa's
head in wrath.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib"i*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sibilans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sibilare</i> to hiss: cf. F.
<i>sibilant</i>.] <def>Making a hissing sound; uttered with a hissing
sound; hissing; as, <i>s</i>, <i>z</i>, <i>sh</i>, and <i>zh</i>, are
<i>sibilant</i> elementary sounds.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A sibiliant letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sib"i*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
pronounce with a hissing sound, like that of the letter <i>s</i>; to
mark with a character indicating such pronunciation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sib`i*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sibilatio</i>.] <def>Utterance with a hissing sound; also, the
sound itself; a hiss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He, with a long, low <i>sibilation</i>,
stared.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib"i*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hissing;
sibilant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sib"i*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sibilus</i>.]
<def>Having a hissing sound; hissing; sibilant.</def> [R.]
<i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sibylla</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Antiq.)</i> <def>A woman
supposed to be endowed with a spirit of prophecy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The number of the sibyls is variously stated by different
authors; but the opinion of Varro, that there were ten, is generally
adopted. They dwelt in various parts of Persia, Greece, and Italy.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A female fortune teller; a pythoness; a
prophetess.</def> "An old highland <i>sibyl</i>."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib"yl*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who believes in
a sibyl or the sibylline prophecies.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sib"yl*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sibyllinus</i>.] <def>Pertaining to the sibyls; uttered, written,
or composed by sibyls; like the productions of sibyls.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sibylline books</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <cd>Books or documents of prophecies in verse concerning
the fate of the Roman empire, said to have been purchased by Tarquin
the Proud from a sibyl.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Certain Jewish
and early Christian writings purporting to have been prophetic and of
sibylline origin. They date from 100 <u>b. c.</u> to <u>a. d.</u>
500.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Thus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is sometimes inserted in a quotation [<i>sic</i>],
to call attention to the fact that some remarkable or inaccurate
expression, misspelling, or the like, is literally reproduced.</p>

<p><hw>Sic"a*more</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sycamore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sic"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>sikka</i>.]
<def>A seal; a coining die; -- used adjectively to designate the
silver currency of the Mogul emperors, or the Indian rupee of 192
grains.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sicca rupee</b></col>, <cd>an East Indian coin, valued
nominally at about two shillings sterling, or fifty cents.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sic"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>siccatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>siccare</i> to dry, fr. <i>siecus</i> dry.] <def>To
dry.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sic*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>siccatio</i>.] <def>The act or process of drying.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sic"ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>siccativus</i>.] <def>Drying; causing to dry.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which promotes drying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sic*cif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>siccificus</i>;
<i>siccus</i> dry + <i>facere</i> to make. See <u>-fy</u>.]
<def>Causing dryness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sic"ci*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>siccitas</i>,
fr. <i>siccus</i> dry.] <def>Dryness; aridity; destitution of
moisture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>siccity</i> and dryness of its
flesh.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>six</i>, fr. L.
<i>sex</i> six.  See <u>Six</u>.] <def>The number six at
dice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sicera</i>. See
<u>Cider</u>.] <def>A strong drink; cider.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sich</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Such.</def> [Obs. or
Colloq.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*cil"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Sicily or its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sicilian vespers</b></col>, <cd>the great massacre of the
French in Sicily, in the year 1282, on the evening of Easter Monday,
at the hour of vespers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si*cil"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Sicily.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*ci`li*a"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., Sicilian.]
<def>A Sicilian dance, resembling the pastorale, set to a rather slow
and graceful melody in 12-8 or 6-8 measure; also, the music to the
dance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si`ci`lienne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fem. of
<i>sicilien</i> Sicilian.] <def>A kind of rich poplin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sick</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sicker</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sickest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sek</i>, <i>sik</i>, ill, AS. <i>se&oacute;c</i>; akin to OS.
<i>siok</i>, <i>seoc</i>, OFries. <i>siak</i>, D. <i>ziek</i>, G.
<i>siech</i>, OHG. <i>sioh</i>, Icel. <i>sj&?;kr</i>, Sw. <i>sjuk</i>,
Dan. <i>syg</i>, Goth. <i>siuks</i> ill, <i>siukan</i> to be ill.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Affected with disease of any kind; ill;
indisposed; not in health. See the Synonym under
<u>Illness</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Simon's wife's mother lay <i>sick</i> of a
fever.</blockquote> <i>Mark i. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold them that are <i>sick</i> with
famine.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xiv. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with, or attended by, nausea;
inclined to vomit; as, <i>sick</i> at the stomach; a <i>sick</i>
headache.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having a strong dislike; disgusted;
surfeited; -- with <i>of</i>; as, to be <i>sick</i> of
flattery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was not so <i>sick</i> of his master as of his
work.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Corrupted; imperfect; impaired;
weakned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So great is his antipathy against episcopacy, that, if
a seraphim himself should be a bishop, he would either find or make
some <i>sick</i> feathers in his wings.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sick bay</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an apartment in a
vessel, used as the ship's hospital.</cd> -- <col><b>Sick
bed</b></col>, <cd>the bed upon which a person lies sick.</cd> --
<col><b>Sick berth</b></col>, <cd>an apartment for the sick in a ship
of war.</cd> -- <col><b>Sick headache</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
variety of headache attended with disorder of the stomach and
nausea.</cd> -- <col><b>Sick list</b></col>, <cd>a list containing the
names of the sick.</cd> -- <col><b>Sick room</b></col>, <cd>a room in
which a person lies sick, or to which he is confined by sickness.</cd>
[These terms, <i>sick bed</i>, <i>sick berth</i>, etc., are also
written both hyphened and solid.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diseased; ill; disordered; distempered; indisposed;
weak; ailing; feeble; morbid.</p>

<p><hw>Sick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sickness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall sick; to
sicken.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick"-brained`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disordered
in the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sick"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sickened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sickening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make sick; to
disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Raise this strength, and <i>sicken</i> that to
death.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make qualmish; to nauseate; to disgust;
as, to <i>sicken</i> the stomach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To impair; to weaken.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To become sick; to fall into disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The judges that sat upon the jail, and those that
attended, <i>sickened</i> upon it and died.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be filled to disgust; to be disgusted or
nauseated; to be filled with abhorrence or aversion; to be surfeited
or satiated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mine eyes did <i>sicken</i> at the sight.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1337 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To become disgusting or tedious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The toiling pleasure <i>sickens</i> into
pain.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To become weak; to decay; to
languish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All pleasures <i>sicken</i>, and all glories
sink.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick"en*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing
sickness; specif., causing surfeit or disgust; nauseating.</def> --
<wf>Sick"en*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sicerian</i>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To percolate, trickle, or ooze,
as water through a crack.</def> [Also written <i>sigger</i>,
<i>zigger</i>, and <i>zifhyr</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sick"er</hw>, <hw>Sik"er</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>siker</i>; cf. OS. <i>sikur</i>, LG. <i>seker</i>, D. <i>zeker</i>,
Dan. <i>sikker</i>, OHG. <i>sihhur</i>, G. <i>sicher</i>; all fr. L.
<i>securus</i>. See <u>Secure</u>, <u>Sure</u>.] <def>Sure; certain;
trusty.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When he is <i>siker</i> of his good name.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sick"er</hw>, <hw>Sik"er</hw>  }, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Surely; certainly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Believe this as <i>siker</i> as your
creed.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sicker</i>, Willye, thou warnest well.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sick"er*ly</hw>, <hw>Sik"er*ly</hw>  },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Surely; securely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>sikerly</i>, withouten any fable.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sick"er*ness</hw>, <hw>Sik"er*ness</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being sicker, or
certain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Somewhat sick or diseased.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Somewhat sickening; as, a <i>sickish</i>
taste.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sick"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sick"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sic"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sikel</i>, AS.
<i>sicol</i>; akin to D. <i>sikkel</i>, G. <i>sichel</i>, OHG.
<i>sihhila</i>, Dan. <i>segel</i>, <i>segl</i>, L. <i>secula</i>, fr.
<i>secare</i> to cut; or perhaps from L. <i>secula</i>. See <u>Saw</u>
a cutting instrument.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A reaping instrument
consisting of a steel blade curved into the form of a hook, and having
a handle fitted on a tang. The sickle has one side of the blade
notched, so as always to sharpen with a serrated edge.  Cf. <i>Reaping
hook</i>, under <u>Reap</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When corn has once felt the <i>sickle</i>, it has no
more benefit from the sunshine.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A group of stars in the
constellation Leo. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Leo</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sickle pod</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of rock
cress (<i>Arabis Canadensis</i>) having very long curved
pods.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sic"kle*bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of three species
of humming birds of the genus <i>Eutoxeres</i>, native of Central and
South America. They have a long and strongly curved bill. Called also
the <i>sickle-billed hummer</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
curlew.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A bird of the genus
<i>Epimachus</i> and allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sic"kled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a
sickle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sic"kle*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sicklemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who uses a sickle; a
reaper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You sunburned <i>sicklemen</i>, of August
weary.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sic"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses a
sickle; a sickleman; a reaper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sick"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
sickness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Give me long breath, young beds, and <i>sickless</i>
ease.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sic"kle*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sicolwyrt</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plant of
the genus <i>Coronilla</i> (<i>C. scorpioides</i>); -- so named from
its curved pods.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The healall
(<i>Brunella vulgaris</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sick"lied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made sickly. See
<u>Sickly</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sick"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sickly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sick"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sicklier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sickliest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Somewhat sick; disposed to illness; attended with disease; as, a
<i>sickly</i> body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This physic but prolongs thy <i>sickly</i>
days.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing, or tending to, disease; as, a
<i>sickly</i> autumn; a <i>sickly</i> climate.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appearing as if sick; weak; languid;
pale.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moon grows <i>sickly</i> at the sight of
day.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor torrid summer's <i>sickly</i> smile.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Tending to produce nausea; sickening; as, a
<i>sickly</i> smell; <i>sickly</i> sentimentality.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diseased; ailing; infirm; weakly; unhealthy;
healthless; weak; feeble; languid; faint.</p>

<p><hw>Sick"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sick manner or
condition; ill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My people <i>sickly</i> [with ill will] beareth our
marriage.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make sick or
sickly; -- with <i>over</i>, and probably only in the past
participle.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sicklied</i> o'er with the pale cast of
thought.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sentiments <i>sicklied</i> over . . . with that cloying
heaviness into which unvaried sweetness is too apt to
subside.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sick"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>se&oacute;cness</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state
of being sick or diseased; illness; sisease or malady.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do lament the <i>sickness</i> of the
king.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Trust not too much your now resistless charms;<BR>
Those, age or <i>sickness</i> soon or late disarms.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nausea; qualmishness; as, <i>sickness</i>
of stomach.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Illness; disease; malady. See <u>Illness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Si"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>silcus</i>, Heb. <i>shegel</i>. See <u>Shekel</u>.] <def>A
shekel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The holy mother brought five <i>sicles</i> and a pair
of turtledoves to redeem the Lamb of God.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Si"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;
a kind of plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of malvaceous plants
common in the tropics. All the species are mucilaginous, and some have
tough ligneous fibers which are used as a substitute for hemp and
flax.</def>  <i>Balfour (Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sid"dow</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Soft; pulpy.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Side</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&imacr;de</i>;
akin to D. <i>zijde</i>, G. <i>seite</i>, OHG. <i>s&imacr;ta</i>,
Icel. <i>s&imacr;&?;a</i>, Dan. <i>side</i>, Sw. <i>sida</i>; cf. AS.
<i>s&imacr;d</i> large, spacious, Icel. <i>s&imacr;&?;r</i> long,
hanging.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The margin, edge, verge, or border
of a surface; especially (when the thing spoken of is somewhat oblong
in shape), one of the longer edges as distinguished from the shorter
edges, called <i>ends</i>; a bounding line of a geometrical figure;
as, the <i>side</i> of a field, of a square or triangle, of a river,
of a road, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any outer portion of a thing considered
apart from, and yet in relation to, the rest; as, the upper
<i>side</i> of a sphere; also, any part or position viewed as opposite
to or contrasted with another; as, this or that <i>side</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Looking round on every <i>side</i> beheld<BR>
A pathless desert.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the halves of
the body, of an animals or man, on either side of the mesial plane; or
that which pertains to such a half; as, a <i>side</i> of beef; a
<i>side</i> of sole leather.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The right
or left part of the wall or trunk of the body; as, a pain in the
<i>side</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of the soldiers with a spear pierced his
<i>side</i>.</blockquote> <i>John xix. 34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A slope or declivity, as of a hill,
considered as opposed to another slope over the ridge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Along the <i>side</i> of yon small hill.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The position of a person or party regarded
as opposed to another person or party, whether as a rival or a foe; a
body of advocates or partisans; a party; hence, the interest or cause
which one maintains against another; a doctrine or view opposed to
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God on our <i>side</i>, doubt not of
victory.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have not always been of the . . . same <i>side</i>
in politics.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sets the passions on the <i>side</i> of
truth.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A line of descent traced through one parent
as distinguished from that traced through another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To sit upon thy father David's throne,<BR>
By mother's <i>side</i> thy father.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Aspect or part regarded as contrasted
with some other; as, the bright <i>side</i> of poverty.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By the side of</b></col>, <cd>close at hand; near to.</cd>
-- <col><b>Exterior side</b></col>. <i>(Fort.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Exterior</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ravelin</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Interior side</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>the line drawn
from the center of one bastion to that of the next, or the line
curtain produced to the two oblique radii in front.</cd> <i>H. L.
Scott.</i> -- <col><b>Side by side</b></col>, <cd>close together and
abreast; in company or along with.</cd> -- <col><b>To choose
sides</b></col>, <cd>to select those who shall compete, as in a game,
on either side.</cd> -- <col><b>To take sides</b></col>, <cd>to attach
one's self to, or give assistance to, one of two opposing sides or
parties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Side</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to a side, or the sides; being on the side, or toward
the side; lateral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One mighty squadron with a <i>side</i> wind
sped.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, indirect; oblique; collateral;
incidental; as, a <i>side</i> issue; a <i>side</i> view or
remark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law hath no <i>side</i> respect to their
persons.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [AS. <i>s&imacr;d</i>. Cf <u>Side</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Long; large; extensive.</def> [Obs. or
Scot.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His gown had <i>side</i> sleeves down to mid
leg.</blockquote> <i>Laneham.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Side action</b></col>, <cd>in breech-loading firearms, a
mechanism for operating the breech block, which is moved by a lever
that turns sidewise.</cd> -- <col><b>Side arms</b></col>, <cd>weapons
worn at the side, as sword, bayonet, pistols, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Side ax</b></col>, <cd>an ax of which the handle is bent to
one side.</cd> -- <col><b>Side-bar rule</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law.)</i>,
<cd>a rule authorized by the courts to be granted by their officers as
a matter of course, without formal application being made to them in
open court; -- so called because anciently moved for by the attorneys
at <i>side bar</i>, that is, informally.</cd> <i>Burril.</i> --
<col><b>Side box</b></col>, <cd>a box or inclosed seat on the side of
a theater.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>To insure a <i>side-box</i> station at half
price.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Side chain</b></col>, <cd>one of two safety chains
connecting a tender with a locomotive, at the sides.</cd> --
<col><b>Side cut</b></col>, <cd>a canal or road branching out from the
main one.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Side dish</b></col>, <cd>one of the
dishes subordinate to the main course.</cd> -- <col><b>Side
glance</b></col>, <cd>a glance or brief look to one side.</cd> --
<col><b>Side hook</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a notched piece of
wood for clamping a board to something, as a bench.</cd> --
<col><b>Side lever</b></col>, <cd> a working beam of a side-lever
engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Side-lever engine</b></col>, <cd>a marine
steam engine having a working beam of each side of the cylinder, near
the bottom of the engine, communicating motion to a crank that is
above them.</cd> -- <col><b>Side pipe</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>,
<cd>a steam or exhaust pipe connecting the upper and lower steam
chests of the cylinder of a beam engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Side
plane</b></col>, <cd>a plane in which the cutting edge of the iron is
at the side of the stock.</cd> -- <col><b>Side posts</b></col>
<i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>posts in a truss, usually placed in pairs, each
post set at the same distance from the middle of the truss, for
supporting the principal rafters, hanging the tiebeam, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Side rod</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One of the rods
which connect the piston-rod crosshead with the side levers, in a
side-lever engine.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>Parallel
rod</i>, under <u>Parallel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Side screw</b></col>
<i>(Firearms)</i>, <cd>one of the screws by which the lock is secured
to the side of a firearm stock.</cd> -- <col><b>Side table</b></col>,
<cd>a table placed either against the wall or aside from the principal
table.</cd> -- <col><b>Side tool</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
cutting tool, used in a lathe or planer, having the cutting edge at
the side instead of at the point.</cd> -- <col><b>Side wind</b></col>,
<cd>a wind from one side; hence, an indirect attack, or indirect
means.</cd> <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.& vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Siding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lean on one side.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To embrace the opinions of one party, or
engage in its interest, in opposition to another party; to take sides;
as, to <i>side</i> with the ministerial party.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>side</i> in parties, and begin the
attack.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be or stand at the side of; to be on the side toward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His blind eye that <i>sided</i> Paridell.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suit; to pair; to match.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>To work (a timber or
rib) to a certain thickness by trimming the sides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a siding; as, to
<i>side</i> a house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piece of
dining-room furniture having compartments and shelves for keeping or
displaying articles of table service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At a stately <i>sideboard</i>, by the wine,<BR>
That fragrant smell diffused.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side"bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
morbid growth or deposit of bony matter and at the sides of the
coronet and coffin bone of a horse.</def>  <i>J. H. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sid"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having (such or so
many) sides; -- used in composition; as, one-<i>sided</i>; many-
<i>sided</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"hill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The side or
slope of a hill; sloping ground; a descent.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Side"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sideling</i>, fr. <i>side</i> side. See <u>Side</u>, and cf.
<u>Sidelong</u>, <u>Headlong</u>.] <def>Sidelong; on the side;
laterally; also, obliquely; askew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fellow nailed up maps . . . some <i>sideling</i>, and
others upside down.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side"ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclining to one
side; directed toward one side; sloping; inclined; as, <i>sideling</i>
ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"long`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sideling</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Laterally; obliquely; in the direction of the side.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>On the side; as, to lay a thing
<i>sidelong</i>.</def> [See <u>Sideling</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> ]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side"long`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lateral; oblique;
not being directly in front; as, a <i>sidelong</i> glance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bashful virgin's <i>sidelong</i> looks of
love.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Joinery)</i>
<def>The jamb, or cheek, of an opening in a wall, as of door or
window.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes a
side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cider.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sideralis</i>.
See <u>Sidereal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the
stars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Affecting unfavorably by
the supposed influence of the stars; baleful.</def> "<i>Sideral</i>
blast."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sideratus</i>, p. p. of <i>siderari</i> to be blasted by a
constellation, fr. <i>sidus</i>, <i>sideris</i>, a constellation.]
<def>Planet-struck; blasted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sid`er*a"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sideratio</i>.]
<def>The state of being siderated, or planet-struck; esp., blast in
plants; also, a sudden and apparently causeless stroke of disease, as
in apoplexy or paralysis.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*de"re*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sidereus</i>,
from <i>sidus</i>, <i>sideris</i>, a constellation, a star.  Cf.
<u>Sideral</u>, <u>Consider</u>, <u>Desire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Relating to the stars; starry; astral; as, <i>sidereal</i>
astronomy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Measuring by the apparent
motion of the stars; designated, marked out, or accompanied, by a
return to the same position in respect to the stars; as, the
<i>sidereal</i> revolution of a planet; a <i>sidereal</i>
day.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sidereal clock</b></col>, <col><b>day</b></col>,
<col><b>month</b></col>, <col><b>year</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Clock</u>, <u>Day</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Sideral time</b></col>,
<cd>time as reckoned by sideral days, or, taking the sidereal day as
the unit, the time elapsed since a transit of the vernal equinox,
reckoned in parts of a sidereal day. This is, strictly, <i>apparent
sidereal time</i>, <i>mean sidereal time</i> being reckoned from the
transit, not of the <i>true</i>, but of the <i>mean</i>, equinoctial
point.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si*de"re*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
elevate to the stars, or to the region of the stars; to
etherealize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>German literature transformed, <i>siderealized</i>, as
we see it in Goethe, reckons Winckelmann among its
initiators.</blockquote> <i>W. Pater.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*de"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sidereus</i>.] <def>Sidereal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*ite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sideritis</i>
loadstone, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, of iron, from &?;&?;&?;&?;
iron.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Carbonate of iron, an important ore of iron occuring generally in
cleavable masses, but also in rhombohedral crystals. It is of a light
yellowish brown color. Called also <i>sparry iron</i>, <i>spathic
iron</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A meteorite consisting solely
of metallic iron.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An indigo-blue
variety of quartz.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, magnetic
iron ore, or loadstone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus
<i>Sideritis</i>; ironwort.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sid`er*o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sid`er*o*graph"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to siderography;
executed by engraved plates of steel; as, <i>siderographic</i> art;
<i>siderographic</i> impressions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sid`er*og"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in siderography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sid`er*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
iron + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The art or practice of steel engraving;
especially, the process, invented by Perkins, of multiplying
facsimiles of an engraved steel plate by first rolling over it, when
hardened, a soft steel cylinder, and then rolling the cylinder, when
hardened, over a soft steel plate, which thus becomes a facsimile of
the original. The process has been superseded by
<i>electrotypy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
iron + <i>-lite</i>.] <def>A kind of meteorite. See under
<u>Meteorite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
iron + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by burning straws on red-hot
iron, and noting the manner of their burning.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
iron + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An instrument for detecting small
quantities of iron in any substance by means of a very delicate
combination of magnetic needles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sid`e*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; iron.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sort of pneumonia occuring in
iron workers, produced by the inhalation of particles of
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sid"er*o*stat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sidus</i>,
<i>sideris</i>, a star + Gr. &?;&?;&?; standing, fixed, fr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; to place.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An apparatus consisting
essentially of a mirror moved by clockwork so as to throw the rays of
the sun or a star in a fixed direction; -- a more general term for
<i>heliostat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sid`e*rox"y*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; iron + &?;&?;&?; wood.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
tropical sapotaceous trees noted for their very hard wood;
ironwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"sad`dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A saddle for
women, in which the rider sits with both feet on one side of the
animal mounted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sidesaddle flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant with
hollow leaves and curiously shaped flowers; -- called also
<i>huntsman's cup</i>. See <u>Sarracenia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1338 !></p>

<p><hw>Sides"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sidesmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A party man;
a partisan.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assistant to the churchwarden; a
questman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"-tak`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A taking
sides, as with a party, sect, or faction.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side"walk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A walk for foot
passengers at the side of a street or road; a foot pavement.</def>
[U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Side"ways`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
side; sidewise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A second refraction made <i>sideways</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His beard, a good palm's length, at least, . . . <BR>
Shot <i>sideways</i>, like a swallow's wings.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Side"-wheel`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a paddle
wheel on each side; -- said of steam vessels; as, a <i>side-wheel</i>
steamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"wind`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See Horned rattler, under
<u>Horned</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A heavy swinging blow from the side, which
disables an adversary.</def> [Slang.]
<hw>Side"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>On or toward one
side; laterally; sideways.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw them mask their awful glance<BR>
<i>Sidewise</i> meek in gossamer lids.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sid"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Attaching one's self to a party.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A side track, as a railroad; a
turnout.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>The covering of the outside
wall of a frame house, whether made of weatherboards, vertical
boarding with cleats, shingles, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>The thickness of a
rib or timber, measured, at right angles with its side, across the
curved edge; as, a timber having a <i>siding</i> of ten
inches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sidled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sidling</u> (?).] [From <u>Side</u>.] <def>To go or move with one
side foremost; to move sidewise; as, to <i>sidle</i> through a crowd
or narrow opening.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . then <i>sidled</i> close to the astonished
girl.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Siege</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sege</i>, OF.
<i>siege</i>, F. <i>si&egrave;ge</i> a seat, a siege; cf. It.
<i>seggia</i>, <i>seggio</i>, <i>zedio</i>, a seat, <i>asseggio</i>,
<i>assedio</i>, a siege, F. <i>assi&eacute;ger</i> to besiege, It. &
LL. <i>assediare</i>, L. <i>obsidium</i> a siege, besieging; all
ultimately fr. L. <i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>, and cf.
<u>See</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A seat;
especially, a royal seat; a throne.</def> [Obs.] "Upon the very
<i>siege</i> of justice."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A stately <i>siege</i> of sovereign majesty,<BR>
And thereon sat a woman gorgeous gay.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In our great hall there stood a vacant chair . . . <BR>
And Merlin called it "The <i>siege</i> perilous."</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, place or situation; seat.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ah! traitorous eyes, come out of your shameless
<i>siege</i> forever.</blockquote> <i>Painter (Palace of
Pleasure).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rank; grade; station; estimation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I fetch my life and being<BR>
From men of royal <i>siege</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Passage of excrements; stool; fecal
matter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>siege</i> of this mooncalf.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The sitting of an army around or before a
fortified place for the purpose of compelling the garrison to
surrender; the surrounding or investing of a place by an army, and
approaching it by passages and advanced works, which cover the
besiegers from the enemy's fire. See the Note under
<u>Blockade</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a continued attempt to gain
possession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love stood the <i>siege</i>, and would not yield his
breast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The floor of a glass-furnace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A workman's bench.</def>
<i>Knught.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Siege gun</b></col>, <cd>a heavy gun for siege
operations.</cd> -- <col><b>Siege train</b></col>, <cd>artillery
adapted for attacking fortified places.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Siege</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To besiege; to
beset.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Through all the dangers that can <i>siege</i><BR>
The life of man.</blockquote> <i>Buron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Siege"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A temporary
fort or parallel where siege guns are mounted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sie"mens-Mar`tin proc"ess</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Open-hearth
process</i>, etc., under <u>Open</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"e*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Syenite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`e*nit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Syenitic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*en"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>terra di
Siena</i>, fr. <i>Siena</i> in Italy.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Clay that
is colored red or brown by the oxides of iron or manganese, and used
as a pigment. It is used either in the raw state or burnt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Burnt sienna</b></col>, <cd>sienna made of a much redder
color by the action of fire.</cd> -- <col><b>Raw sienna</b></col>,
<cd>sienna in its natural state, of a transparent yellowish brown
color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si`en*nese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Sienna, a city of Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*er"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., properly, a
saw, fr. L. <i>serra</i> a saw. See <u>Serrate</u>.] <def>A ridge of
mountain and craggy rocks, with a serrated or irregular outline; as,
the <i>Sierra</i> Nevada.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wild <i>sierra</i> overhead.</blockquote>
<i>Whitter.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Si*es"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., probably fr. L.
<i>sessitare</i> to sit much or long, v. freq. of <i>sedere</i>,
<i>sessum</i>, to sit. See <u>Sit</u>.] <def>A short sleep taken about
the middle of the day, or after dinner; a midday nap.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sieur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., abbrev. from
seigneur.  Cf. <u>Monsieur</u>, <u>Seignior</u>.] <def>Sir; -- a title
of respect used by the French.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sie"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small variety of the Lima bean (<i>Phaseolus lunatus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sieve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sive</i>, AS.
<i>sife</i>; akin to D. <i>zeef</i>, <i>zift</i>, OHG. <i>sib</i>, G.
<i>sieb</i>. &radic;151<i>a</i>.  Cf. <u>Sift</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A utensil for separating the finer and coarser parts of a
pulverized or granulated substance from each other. It consist of a
vessel, usually shallow, with the bottom perforated, or made of hair,
wire, or the like, woven in meshes.</def> "In a <i>sieve</i> thrown
and sifted."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of coarse basket.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sieve cells</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>cribriform cells.
See under <u>Cribriform</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si"fac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The white indris of Madagascar. It is regarded by the natives as
sacred.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sif"fle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a whistling or
hissing.] <def>The act of whistling or hissing; a whistling sound;
sibilation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>A. Brewer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sif"i*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>siflet</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The six-shafted bird of
paradise. See <i>Paradise bird</i>, under <u>Paradise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sift</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sifted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sifting</u>.] [AS. <i>siftan</i>, from <i>sife</i> sieve.
&radic;151<i>a</i>.  See <u>Sieve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
separate with a sieve, as the fine part of a substance from the
coarse; as, to <i>sift</i> meal or flour; to <i>sift</i> powder; to
<i>sift</i> sand or lime.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate or part as if with a
sieve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When yellow sands are <i>sifted</i> from below,<BR>
The glittering billows give a golden show.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To examine critically or minutely; to
scrutinize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sifting</i> the very utmost sentence and
syllable.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Opportunity I here have had<BR>
To try thee, <i>sift</i> thee.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him but narrowly <i>sift</i> his
ideas.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sift out</b></col>, <cd>to search out with care, as if
by sifting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sift"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, sifts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any lamellirostral
bird, as a duck or goose; -- so called because it sifts or strains its
food from the water and mud by means of the lamell&?; of the
beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to AS.
<i>s&imacr;gan</i> to fall. &radic;151<i>a.</i> <i>See</i>
<u>Sink</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Urine.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Si*gaul"ti*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to <i>Sigault</i>, a French physician. See
<u>Symphyseotomy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Same as</def>
<u>Sicker</u>. [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sigh</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sighed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sighing</u>.] [OE. <i>sighen</i>, <i>si&?;en</i>; cf. also OE.
<i>siken</i>, AS. <i>s&imacr;can</i>, and OE. <i>sighten</i>,
<i>si&?;ten</i>, <i>sichten</i>, AS. <i>siccettan</i>; all, perhaps,
of imitative origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inhale a larger
quantity of air than usual, and immediately expel it; to make a deep
single audible respiration, especially as the result or involuntary
expression of fatigue, exhaustion, grief, sorrow, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to lament; to grieve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>sighed</i> deeply in his spirit.</blockquote>
<i>Mark viii. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a sound like sighing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the coming wind did roar more loud,<BR>
And the sails did <i>sigh</i> like sedge.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The winter winds are wearily
<i>sighing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; An extraordinary pronunciation of this word as
<i>s&imacr;th</i> is still heard in England and among the illiterate
in the United States.</p>

<p><hw>Sigh</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
exhale (the breath) in sighs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never man <i>sighed</i> truer breath.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter sighs over; to lament or mourn
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ages to come, and men unborn,<BR>
Shall bless her name, and <i>sigh</i> her fate.</blockquote>
<i>Pior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To express by sighs; to utter in or with
sighs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . <i>sighed</i> forth proverbs.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gentle swain . . . <i>sighs</i> back her
grief.</blockquote> <i>Hoole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sigh</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sigh</i>; cf. OE.
<i>sik</i>. See <u>Sigh</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A deep and prolonged audible inspiration or
respiration of air, as when fatigued or grieved; the act of
sighing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I could drive the boat with my
<i>sighs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, a manifestation of grief; a
lan&?;ent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With their <i>sighs</i> the air<BR>
Frequenting, sent from hearts contrite.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sigh"-born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sorrowful;
mournful.</def> [R.] "<i>Sigh-born</i> thoughts."  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sigh"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sighs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sigh"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uttering sighs;
grieving; lamenting.</def> "<i>Sighing</i> millions." <i>Cowper.</i> -
- <wf>Sigh"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sight</i>,
<i>si&?;t</i>, <i>siht</i>, AS. <i>siht</i>, ge<i>siht</i>,
ge<i>sih&?;</i>, ge<i>sieh&?;</i>, ge<i>syh&?;</i>; akin to D.
ge<i>zicht</i>, G. <i>sicht</i>, ge<i>sicht</i>, Dan. <i>sigte</i>,
Sw. <i>sigt</i>, from the root of E. <i>see</i>. See <u>See</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of seeing;
perception of objects by the eye; view; as, to gain <i>sight</i> of
land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cloud received him out of their
<i>sight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts. i. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power of seeing; the faculty of vision,
or of perceiving objects by the instrumentality of the eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>sight</i> is young,<BR>
And thou shalt read when mine begin to dazzle.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O loss of <i>sight</i>, of thee I most
complain!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of admitting unobstructed vision;
visibility; open view; region which the eye at one time surveys; space
through which the power of vision extends; as, an object within
<i>sight</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A spectacle; a view; a show; something
worth seeing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses said, I will now turn aside and see this great
<i>sight</i>, why the bush is not burnt.</blockquote> <i>Ex. iii.
3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They never saw a <i>sight</i> so fair.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The instrument of seeing; the
eye.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why cloud they not their <i>sights</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Inspection; examination; as, a letter
intended for the <i>sight</i> of only one person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Mental view; opinion; judgment; as, in
their <i>sight</i> it was harmless.</def>  <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That which is highly esteemed among men is abomination
in the <i>sight</i> of God.</blockquote> <i>Luke xvi. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A small aperture through which objects are
to be seen, and by which their direction is settled or ascertained;
as, the <i>sight</i> of a quadrant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thier eyes of fire sparking through <i>sights</i> of
steel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of metal, fixed or movable,
on the breech, muzzle, center, or trunnion of a gun, or on the breech
and the muzzle of a rifle, pistol, etc., by means of which the eye is
guided in aiming.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>In a drawing, picture, etc., that part of
the surface, as of paper or canvas, which is within the frame or the
border or margin. In a frame or the like, the open space, the
opening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A great number, quantity, or sum; as, a
<i>sight</i> of money.</def> [Now colloquial]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sight</i> in this last sense was formerly employed in the
best usage. "A <i>sight</i> of lawyers."  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A wonder <i>sight</i> of flowers.</blockquote>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At sight</b></col>, <cd>as soon as seen, or presented to
sight; as, a draft payable <i>at sight</i>: to read Greek <i>at
sight</i>; to shoot a person <i>at sight</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Front
sight</b></col> <i>(Firearms)</i>, <cd>the sioht nearost the
ouzzle.</cd> -- <col><b>Open sight</b></col>. <i>(Firearms)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A front sight through which the objects aimed
at may be seen, in distinction from one that hides the object</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A rear sight having an open notch instead of
an aperture.</cd> -- <col><b>Peep sight</b></col>, <col><b>Rear
sight</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Peep</u>, and <u>Rear</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sight draft</b></col>, <cd>an order, or bill of exchange,
directing the payment of money at sight.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
sight</b></col>, <cd>to take aim; to look for the purpose of directing
a piece of artillery, or the like.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Vision; view; show; spectacle; representation;
exhibition.</p>

<p><hw>Sight</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sighting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To get sight of; to see; as,
to <i>sight</i> land; to <i>sight</i> a wreck.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To look at through a sight; to see
accurately; as, to <i>sight</i> an object, as a star.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To apply sights to; to adjust the sights
of; also, to give the proper elevation and direction to by means of a
sight; as, to <i>sight</i> a rifle or a cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To take
aim by a sight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having sight, or
seeing, in a particular manner; -- used in composition; as, long-
<i>sighted</i>, short-<i>sighted</i>, quick-<i>sighted</i>, sharp-
<i>sighted</i>, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily or clearly
seen; distinctly visible; perspicuous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Testament of
Love.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sight"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being sightful; perspicuity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sight"-hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hole for
looking through; a peephole.</def> "Stop all <i>sight-holes</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sight"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sight</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Sighting shot</b></col>, <cd>a shot made to ascertain
whether the sights of a firearm are properly adjusted; a trial
shot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sight"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wanting sight; without sight; blind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of all who blindly creep or <i>sightless</i>
soar.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That can not be seen; invisible.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sightless</i> couriers of the air.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Offensive or unpleasing to the eye;
unsightly; as, <i>sightless</i> stains.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sight"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>-
<wf>Sight"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sight"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being sightly; comeliness; conspicuousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pleasing to the sight; comely.</def> "Many brave, <i>sightly</i>
horses."  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Open to sight; conspicuous; as, a house
stands in a <i>sightly</i> place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Undiscoverable
to sight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hidden in their own <i>sightproof</i>
bush.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sight"-see`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Engaged in,
or given to, seeing sights; eager for novelties or
curiosities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"-see`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
seeing sights; eagerness for novelties or curiosities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"-se`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One given to
seeing sights or noted things, or eager for novelties or
curiosities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sight"-shot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Distance to
which the sight can reach or be thrown.</def> [R.]  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sights"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sightsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One who reads or
performs music readily at first sight.</def> [R.]
  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sigillum</i>. See
<u>Seal</u> a stamp.] <def>A seal; a signature.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of talismans and <i>sigils</i> knew the
power.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sig`il*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>sigillum</i> a seal. See <u>Sigil</u>.] <i>(Rom. Antic.)</i>
<def>Little images or figures of earthenware exposed for sale, or
given as presents, on the last two days of the Saturnalia; hence, the
last two, or the sixth and seventh, days of the Saturnalia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sig`il*la"ri*a</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fem sing. fr.
L. <i>sigillum</i> a seal.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of fossil
trees principally found in the coal formation; -- so named from the
seallike leaf scars in vertical rows on the surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig`il*la"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>One of an extinct family of cryptagamous trees, including the
genus <i>Sigillaria</i> and its allies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"il*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sigillatus</i> adorned with little images.] <def>Decorated by means
of stamps; -- said of pottery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"il*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sigillum</i> a seal: cf. OF. <i>sigillatif</i>.] <def>Fit to seal;
belonging to a seal; composed of wax.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Si*gil"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sigilla</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Rom. &amp; Old Eng. Law)</i>
<def>A seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sig"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.] <def>The
signs, abbreviations, letters, or characters standing for words,
shorthand, etc., in ancient manuscripts, or on coins, medals,
etc.</def>  <i>W. Savage.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sig"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sigmas</b></plw> (#). [L., from Gr. &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;.]
<def>The Greek letter &SIGMA;, &sigma;, or &sigmat; (English <i>S</i>,
or <i>s</i>). It originally had the form of the English C.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"mo*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; sigma
(&?;) + &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, a tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of a tribe (<i>Sigmodontes</i>) of rodents which includes all the
indigenous rats and mice of America. So called from the form of the
ridges of enamel on the crowns of the worn molars. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sig"moid</hw> (?), <hw>Sig*moid"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;; &?;&?;&?; sigma + &?;&?;&?; form,
likeness: cf. F. <i>sigmo&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Curved in two directions,
like the letter S, or the Greek &sigmat;.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sigmoid flexure</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the last
curve of the colon before it terminates in the rectum. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Digestive</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sigmoid
valves</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <i>Semilunar valves</i>,
under <u>Semilunar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sig*moid"al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sigmoidal
manner.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1339 !></p>

<p><hw>Sign</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>signe</i>, L.
<i>signum</i>; cf. AS. <i>segen</i>, <i>segn</i>, a sign, standard,
banner, also fr. L. <i>signum</i>.  Cf. <u>Ensign</u>, <u>Resign</u>,
<u>Seal</u> a stamp, <u>Signal</u>, <u>Signet</u>.] <def>That by which
anything is made known or represented; that which furnishes evidence;
a mark; a token; an indication; a proof.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A remarkable event, considered by the
ancients as indicating the will of some deity; a prodigy; an
omen.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An event considered by the Jews
as indicating the divine will, or as manifesting an interposition of
the divine power for some special end; a miracle; a wonder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through mighty <i>signs</i> and wonders, by the power
of the Spirit of God.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xv. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It shall come to pass, if they will not believe thee,
neither hearken to the voice of the first <i>sign</i>, that they will
believe the voice of the latter <i>sign</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. iv.
8.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Something serving to indicate the
existence, or preserve the memory, of a thing; a token; a memorial; a
monument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What time the fire devoured two hundred and fifty men,
and they became a <i>sign</i>.</blockquote> <i>Num. xxvi. 10.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Any symbol or emblem which prefigures,
typifles, or represents, an idea; a type; hence, sometimes, a
picture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The holy symbols, or <i>signs</i>, are not barely
significative; but what they represent is as certainly delivered to us
as the symbols themselves.</blockquote> <i>Brerewood.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Saint George of Merry England, the <i>sign</i> of
victory.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A word or a character regarded as the
outward manifestation of thought; as, words are the <i>sign</i> of
ideas.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A motion, an action, or a
gesture by which a thought is expressed, or a command or a wish made
known.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They made <i>signs</i> to his father, how he would have
him called.</blockquote> <i>Luke i. 62.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>Hence, one of the gestures of pantomime,
or of a language of a signs such as those used by the North American
Indians, or those used by the deaf and dumb.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Educaters of the deaf distinguish between <i>natural
signs</i>, which serve for communicating ideas, and <i>methodical</i>,
or <i>systematic</i>, <i>signs</i>, adapted for the dictation, or the
rendering, of written language, word by word; and thus the
<i>signs</i> are to be distinguished from the <i>manual alphabet</i>,
by which words are spelled on the fingers.</p>

<p><sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>A military emblem carried on a banner or a
standard.</def> <i>Milton.</i> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>A lettered
board, or other conspicuous notice, placed upon or before a building,
room, shop, or office to advertise the business there transacted, or
the name of the person or firm carrying it on; a publicly displayed
token or notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shops were, therefore, distinguished by painted
<i>signs</i>, which gave a gay and grotesque aspect to the
streets.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The twelfth part of the
ecliptic or zodiac.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>signs</i> are reckoned from the point of intersection
of the ecliptic and equator at the vernal equinox, and are named,
respectively, <i>Aries</i> (&Aries;), <i>Taurus</i> (&Taurus;),
<i>Gemini</i> (II), <i>Cancer</i> (&Cancer;), <i>Leo</i> (&Leo;),
<i>Virgo</i> (&Virgo;), <i>Libra</i> (&Libra;), <i>Scorpio</i>
(&Scorpio;), <i>Sagittarius</i> (&Sagittarius;), <i>Capricornus </i>
(&Capricorn;), <i>Aquarius</i> (&Aquarius;), <i>Pisces</i> (&Pisces;).
These names were originally the names of the constellations occupying
severally the divisions of the zodiac, by which they are still
retained; but, in consequence of the procession of the equinoxes, the
signs have, in process of time, become separated about 30 degrees from
these constellations, and each of the latter now lies in the sign next
in advance, or to the east of the one which bears its name, as the
constellation Aries in the sign Taurus, etc.</p>

<p><sd><i>(k)</i></sd> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A character indicating the
relation of quantities, or an operation performed upon them; as, the
<i>sign</i> + (plus); the <i>sign</i> -- (minus); the <i>sign</i> of
division &divide;, and the like.</def> <sd><i>(l)</i></sd>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An objective evidence of disease; that is, one
appreciable by some one other than the patient.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The terms <i>symptom</i> and and <i>sign</i> are often used
synonymously; but they may be discriminated. A <i>sign</i> differs
from a <i>symptom</i> in that the latter is perceived only by the
patient himself. The term <i>sign</i> is often further restricted to
the purely local evidences of disease afforded by direct examination
of the organs involved, as distinguished from those evidence of
general disturbance afforded by observation of the temperature, pulse,
etc. In this sense it is often called <i>physical sign</i>.</p>

<p><sd><i>(m)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Any character, as a flat,
sharp, dot, etc.</def> <sd><i>(n)</i></sd> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>That
which, being external, stands for, or signifies, something internal or
spiritual; -- a term used in the Church of England in speaking of an
ordinance considered with reference to that which it
represents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An outward and visible <i>sign</i> of an inward and
spiritual grace.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; See the Table of <u>Arbitrary Signs</u>, p. 1924.</p>

<p><col><b>Sign manual</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <cd>The royal signature superscribed at the top of bills of
grants and letter patent, which are then sealed with the privy signet
or great seal, as the case may be, to complete their validity</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The signature of one's name in one's own
handwriting.</cd> <i>Craig. Tomlins. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Token; mark; note; symptom; indication; signal;
symbol; type; omen; prognostic; presage; manifestation. See
<u>Emblem</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sign</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Signed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Signing</u>.] [OE. <i>seinen</i> to bless, originally, to make the
sign of the cross over; in this sense fr. ASS. <i>segnian</i> (from
<i>segn</i>, n.), or OF. <i>seignier</i>, F. <i>signer</i>, to mark,
to sign (in sense 3), fr. L. <i>signare</i> to mark, set a mark upon,
from <i>signum</i>. See <u>Sign</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To represent by a sign; to make known in a
typical or emblematic manner, in distinction from speech; to
signify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>signed</i> to Browne to make his
retreat.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a sign upon; to mark with a
sign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We receive this child into the congregation of Christ's
flock, and do <i>sign</i> him with the sign of the cross.</blockquote>
<i>Bk. of Com Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To affix a signature to; to ratify by hand
or seal; to subscribe in one's own handwriting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inquire the Jew's house out, give him this deed,<BR>
And let him <i>sign</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To assign or convey formally; -- used with
<i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To mark; to make distinguishable.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sign</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be a sign or omen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a sign or signal; to communicate
directions or intelligence by signs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To write one's name, esp. as a token of
assent, responsibility, or obligation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sign"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable to be
signed; requiring signature; as, a legal document <i>signable</i> by a
particular person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>signale</i>, fr. L. <i>signum</i>. See <u>Sign</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sign made for the
purpose of giving notice to a person of some occurence, command, or
danger; also, a sign, event, or watchword, which has been agreed upon
as the occasion of concerted action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All obeyed<BR>
The wonted <i>signal</i> and superior voice<BR>
Of this great potentate.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A token; an indication; a foreshadowing; a
sign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The weary sun . . . <BR>
Gives <i>signal</i> of a goodly day to-morrow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was not the least <i>signal</i> of the calamity
to be seen.</blockquote> <i>De Foc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>signal</i>, n.: cf.
F. <i>signal&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Noticeable;
distinguished from what is ordinary; eminent; remarkable; memorable;
as, a <i>signal</i> exploit; a <i>signal</i> service; a <i>signal</i>
act of benevolence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>signal</i> now in low, dejected state<BR>
As erst in highest, behold him where he lies.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to signals, or the use of
signals in conveying information; as, a <i>signal</i> flag or
officer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The signal service</b></col>, <cd>a bureau of the
government (in the United States connected with the War Department)
organized to collect from the whole country simultaneous raports of
local meteorological conditions, upon comparison of which at the
central office, predictions concerning the weather are telegraphed to
various sections, where they are made known by signals publicly
displayed.</cd> -- <col><b>Signal station</b></col>, <cd>the place
where a signal is displayed; specifically, an observation office of
the signal service.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Eminent; remarkable; memorable; extraordinary;
notable; conspicuous.</p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Signaled (&?;) or Signalled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Signaling</u> or <u>Signalling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To communicate by signals; as, to
<i>signal</i> orders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To notify by a signals; to make a signal or
signals to; as, to <i>signal</i> a fleet to anchor.</def>  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
signals; one who communicates intelligence by means of
signals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being signal or remarkable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Signalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Signalizing</u> (?).] [From <u>Signal</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make signal or
eminent; to render distinguished from what is common; to
distinguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is this passion which drives men to all the ways we
see in use of <i>signalizing</i> themselves.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To communicate with by means of a signal;
as, a ship <i>signalizes</i> its consort.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To indicate the existence, presence, or
fact of, by a signal; as, to <i>signalize</i> the arrival of a
steamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a signal
manner; eminently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-men</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man whose business is to manage
or display signals; especially, one employed in setting the signals by
which railroad trains are run or warned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nal*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
signaling, or of signalizing; hence, description by peculiar,
appropriate, or characteristic marks.</def>  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>signatus</i>, p.
p. See <u>Sign</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having definite color markings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>signatio</i>.
See <u>Sign</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Sign given;
marking.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>signatorius</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to a seal; used
in sealing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Signing; joining or sharing in a signature;
as, <i>signatory</i> powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"na*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
ries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A signer; one who signs or subscribes; as,
a conference of <i>signatories</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"na*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. (cf. It.
<i>signatura</i>, <i>segnatura</i>, Sp. &amp; LL. <i>signatura</i>), from
L. <i>signare</i>, <i>signatum</i>. See <u>Sign</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sign, stamp, or mark
impressed, as by a seal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brain, being well furnished with various traces,
<i>signatures</i>, and images.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The natural and indelible <i>signature</i> of God,
which human souls . . . are supposed to be stamped with.</blockquote>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the name of any person, written
with his own hand, employed to signify that the writing which precedes
accords with his wishes or intentions; a sign manual; an
autograph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An outward mark by which
internal characteristics were supposed to be indicated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some plants bear a very evident <i>signature</i> of
their nature and use.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Old Med.)</i> <def>A resemblance between the
external characters of a disease and those of some physical agent, for
instance, that existing between the red skin of scarlet fever and a
red cloth; -- supposed to indicate this agent in the treatment of the
disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The designation of the key
(when not C major, or its relative, A minor) by means of one or more
sharps or flats at the beginning of the staff, immediately after the
clef, affecting all notes of the same letter throughout the piece or
movement. Each minor key has the same signature as its relative
major.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
letter or figure placed at the bottom of the first page of each sheet
of a book or pamphlet, as a direction to the binder in arranging and
folding the sheets.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The printed sheet
so marked, or the form from which it is printed; as, to reprint one or
more <i>signatures</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Star signatures (as A*, 1*) are the same characters, with
the addition of asterisks, used on the first pages of offcuts, as in
12mo sheets.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>That part of a prescription
which contains the directions to the patient. It is usually prefaced
by <i>S</i> or <i>Sig.</i> (an abbreviation for the Latin
<i>signa</i>, imperative of <i>signare</i> to sign or mark).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"na*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark
with, or as with, a signature or signatures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"na*tur`ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
holds to the doctrine of signatures impressed upon objects, indicative
of character or qualities.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sign"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A board, placed
on or before a shop, office, etc., on which ssome notice is given, as
the name of a firm, of a business, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sign"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who signs or
subscribes his name; as, a memorial with a hundred
<i>signers</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>signet</i> a
signet, F., a bookmark, dim. of <i>signe</i>. See <u>Sign</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sennet</u>.] <def>A seal; especially,
in England, the seal used by the sovereign in sealing private letters
and grants that pass by bill under the sign manual; -- called also
<i>privy signet</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had my father's <i>signet</i> in my
purse.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Signet ring</b></col>, <cd>a ring containing a signet or
private seal.</cd> -- <col><b>Writer to the signet</b></col> <i>(Scots
Law)</i>, <cd>a judicial officer who prepares warrants, writs, etc.;
originally, a clerk in the office of the secretary of state.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sig"net*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stamped or marked
with a signet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig"ni*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>signum</i> sign + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Bearing signs.</def>
[Obs.] "The <i>signifer</i> sphere, or zodiac."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sig*nif"i*cance</hw> (?), <hw>Sig*nif"i*can*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>significantia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being significant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is signified; meaning; import;
as, the <i>significance</i> of a nod, of a motion of the hand, or of a
word or expression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Importance; moment; weight;
consequence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With this brain I must work, in order to give
<i>significancy</i> and value to the few facts which I
possess.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nif"i*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>significans</i>, <i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>significare</i>. See
<u>Signify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fitted or designed to signify
or make known somethingl having a meaning; standing as a sign or
token; expressive or suggestive; as, a <i>significant</i> word or
sound; a <i>significant</i> look.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was well said of Plotinus, that the stars were
<i>significant</i>, but not efficient.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deserving to be considered; important;
momentous; as, a <i>significant</i> event.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Significant figures</b></col> <i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>the
figures which remain to any number, or decimal fraction, after the
ciphers at the right or left are canceled. Thus, the <i>significant
figures</i> of 25,000, or of .0025, are 25.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nif"i*cant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which has
significance; a sign; a token; a symbol.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In dumb <i>significants</i> proclaim your
thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nif"i*cant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
significant manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>significatus</i>, p. p. of <i>significare</i>. See <u>Signify</u>.]
<i>(Logic)</i> <def>One of several things signified by a common
term.</def>  <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>signification</i>, L. <i>significatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of signifying; a making known by signs or other
means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>signification</i> of being pleased.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All speaking or <i>signification</i> of one's mind
implies an act or addres of one man to another.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is signified or made known; that
meaning which a sign, character, or token is intended to convey; as,
the <i>signification</i> of words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nif"i*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>significativus</i>: cf. F. <i>significatif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Betokening or representing by an external sign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The holy symbols or signs are not barely
<i>significative</i>.</blockquote> <i>Brerewood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having signification or meaning; expressive
of a meaning or purpose; significant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither in the degrees of kindred they were destitute
of <i>significative</i> words.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sig*nif"i*ca*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sig*nif"i*ca*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sig"ni*fi*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>significateur</i>.] <def>One who, or that which,
signifies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this diagram there was one <i>significator</i> which
pressed remarkably upon our astrologer's attention.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig*nif"i*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>significatorius</i>.] <def>Significant.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is significatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sig`ni*fi*ca"vit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., (he) has
signified, perf. ind. of <i>significare</i> to signify.] <i>(Eng.
Eccl. Law)</i> <def>Formerly, a writ issuing out of chancery, upon
certificate given by the ordinary, of a man's standing excommunicate
by the space of forty days, for the laying him up in prison till he
submit himself to the authority of the church.</def>
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sig"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Signified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Signifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>signifier</i>, L. <i>significare</i>;
<i>signum</i> a sign + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See
<u>Sign</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To show by a sign; to communicate by any conventional token, as
words, gestures, signals, or the like; to announce; to make known; to
declare; to express; as, a <i>signified</i> his desire to be
present.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll to the king; and <i>signify</i> to him<BR>
That thus I have resign'd my charge to you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The government should <i>signify</i> to the Protestants
of Ireland that want of silver is not to be remedied.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mean; to import; to denote; to
betoken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bade her tell him what it
<i>signified</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A tale<BR>
Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury,<BR>
<i>Signifying</i> nothing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Signify</i> is often used impersonally; as, it
<i>signifies</i> nothing, it does not <i>signify</i>, that is, it is
of no importance.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To express; manifest; declare; utter; intimate;
betoken; denote; imply; mean.</p>

<p><hw>Sign"ior</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sir; Mr. The
English form and pronunciation for the Italian <i>Signor</i> and the
Spanish <i>Se&ntilde;or</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sign"ior*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Seigniorize</u>.] <def>To exercise dominion over; to lord it
over.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1340 !></p>

<p><hw>Sign"ior*ize</hw> (s&emacr;n"y&etilde;r*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To exercise dominion; to seigniorize.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hewyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sign"ior*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or position
of a signior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sign"ior*y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Seigniory</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Si*gnor"</hw> (?), <hw>||Si*gno"re</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See <u>Seignior</u>.] <def>Sir; Mr.; -- a
title of address or respect among the Italians. Before a noun the form
is <i>Signor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*gno"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>Madam;
Mrs; -- a title of address or respect among the Italians.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si`gno*ri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>Miss;
-- a title of address among the Italians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sign"post`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A post on which
a sign hangs, or on which papers are placed to give public notice of
anything.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sik</hw> (?), <hw>Sike</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Such. See <u>Such</u>.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Sike</i> fancies weren
foolerie."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&imacr;c</i>.  Cf.
<u>Sig</u>.] <def>A gutter; a stream, such as is usually dry in
summer.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sike</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sick</u>.] <def>A sick
person.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sike</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sigh.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That for his wife weepeth and <i>siketh</i>
sore.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sike</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sigh.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sik"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos>,
<hw>Sik"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, <hw>Sik"er*ness</hw>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, etc.} <def>See 2d <u>Sicker</u>,
<u>Sickerly</u>, etc.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sikhs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Sikh</b></singw> (&?;). [Hind. <i>Sikh</i>, properly, a
disciple.] <def>A religious sect noted for warlike traits, founded in
the Punjab at the end of the 15th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Short for
<u>Ensilage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Akin to Sw. <i>sila</i>
to strain, <i>sil</i> sieve, G. <i>sielen</i> to draw away or lead off
water. &radic;151<i>a.</i>  See <u>Silt</u>.] <def>To strain, as fresh
milk.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sile</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drop; to flow; to
fall.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sieve
with fine meshes.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Filth; sediment.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>s&imacr;ld</i>
herring; akin to Sw. <i>sill</i>, Dan. <i>sild</i>.  Cf. <u>Sill</u>
the young of a herring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young or small
herring.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si"lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>silentium</i>. See <u>Silent</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being silent; entire absence
of sound or noise; absolute stillness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw and heared; for such a numerous host<BR>
Fled not in <i>silence</i> through the frighted deep.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Forbearance from, or absence of, speech;
taciturnity; muteness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Secrecy; as, these things were transacted
in <i>silence</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The administration itself keeps a profound
<i>silence</i>.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The cessation of rage, agitation, or
tumilt; calmness; quiest; as, the elements were reduced to
<i>silence</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Absence of mention; oblivion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And what most merits fame, in <i>silence</i>
hid.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si"lence</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Be silent; --
used elliptically for <i>let there be silence</i>, or <i>keep
silence</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si"lence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Silenced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Silencing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To compel to silence;
to cause to be still; to still; to hush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Silence</i> that dreadful bell; it frights the
isle.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put to rest; to quiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This would <i>silence</i> all further
opposition.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These would have <i>silenced</i> their
scruples.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To restrain from the exercise of any
function, privilege of instruction, or the like, especially from the
act of preaching; as, to <i>silence</i> a minister of the
gospel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Rev. Thomas Hooker of Chelmsford, in Essex, was
<i>silenced</i> for nonconformity.</blockquote> <i>B.
Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to cease firing, as by a vigorous
cannonade; as, to <i>silence</i> the batteries of an enemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*le"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>Silenus</i>, the attendant of Bacchus.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of caryophyllaceous plants, usually covered with a viscid secretion by
which insects are caught; catchfly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bon Sil&egrave;ne</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Sil&egrave;ne</u>,
in the Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>silens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>silere</i> to be silent; akin to Goth. ana-
silan.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free from sound or noise; absolutely
still; perfectly quiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>silent</i> is this town!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not speaking; indisposed to talk;
speechless; mute; taciturn; not loquacious; not talkative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ulysses, adds he, was the most eloquent and most
<i>silent</i> of men.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This new-created world, whereof in hell<BR>
Fame is not <i>silent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Keeping at rest; inactive; calm;
undisturbed; as, the wind is <i>silent</i>.</def>  <i>Parnell. Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Pron.)</i> <def>Not pronounced; having no
sound; quiescent; as, <i>e</i> is <i>silent</i> in "fable."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having no effect; not operating;
inefficient.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cause . . . <i>silent</i>, virtueless, and
dead.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Silent partner</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Dormant partner</i>,
under <u>Dormant</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mute; taciturn; dumb; speechless; quiet; still. See
<u>Mute</u>, and <u>Taciturn</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Si"lent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is silent; a
time of silence.</def> [R.] "The <i>silent</i> of the night."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*len"ti*a*ry</hw>
(s&isl;*l&ebreve;n"sh&ibreve;*&asl;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>silentiarius</i>: cf. F. <i>silenciaire</i>. See
<u>Silence</u>.] <def>One appointed to keep silence and order in
court; also, one sworn not to divulge secrets of state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*len"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>silentiosus</i>: cf. F. <i>silencieux</i>.] <def>Habitually silent;
taciturn; reticent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Si"lent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a silent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"lent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
silent; silence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*le"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Silenus</i> the
tutor and attendant of Bacchus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Wanderoo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*le"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A kind of linen cloth, originally made in <i>Silesia</i>, a
province of Prussia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A twilled cotton fabric, used for dress
linings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*le"si*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Silesia.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Silesia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"lex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a finit, a
pebblestone.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Silica, SiO<sub>2</sub> as found in
nature, constituting quarz, and most sands and sandstones. See
<u>Silica</u>, and <u>Silicic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil`hou*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; -- so called
from Etienne de <i>Silhoutte</i>, a French minister of finance in
1759, whise diversion it was to make such portraits on the walls of
his apartments.] <def>A representation of the outlines of an object
filled in with a black color; a profile portrait in black, such as a
shadow appears to be.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil`hou*ette"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To represent
by a silhouette; to project upon a background, so as to be like a
silhouette.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><blockquote>A flock of roasting vultures <i>silhouetted</i> on the
sky.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>silex</i>, <i>silics</i>, a flint.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Silicon
dioxide, SiO&?;. It constitutes ordinary quartz (also opal and
tridymite), and is artifically prepared as a very fine, white,
tasteless, inodorous powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Cf. F.
<i>silicate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of silicic
acid.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In mineralogical chemistry the silicates include; the
<i>unisilicates</i> or <i>orthosilicates</i>, salts of orthosilicic
acid; the <i>bisilicates</i> or <i>metasilicates</i>, salts of
metasilicic acid; the <i>polysilicates</i> or <i>acid silicates</i>,
salts of the polysilicic acids; the <i>basic silicates</i> or
<i>subsilicates</i>, in which the equivalent of base is greater than
would be required to neutralize the acid; and the <i>hydrous
silicates</i>, including the zeolites and many hydrated decomposition
products.</p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*ca`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined or impregnated with silicon or silica; as,
<i>silicated</i> hydrogen; <i>silicated</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Silicated soap</b></col>, <cd>a hard soap containing
silicate of soda.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sil`i*ca*ti*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Silicification.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*lic"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Silicoidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*li"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>siliceus</i>,
fr. <i>silex</i>, <i>silicis</i>, a flint.] <def>Of or pertaining to
silica; containing silica, or partaking of its nature.</def> [Written
also <i>silisious</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>silex</i>,
<i>silicis</i>, a flint: cf. F. <i>silicique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, silica; specifically,
designating compounds of silicon; as, <i>silicic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Silicic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an amorphous
gelatinous substance, Si(HO)<sub>4</sub>, very unstable and easily
dried to silica, but forming many stable salts; -- called also
<i>orthosilicic, or normal silicic, acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic`i*cal*ca"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of silica and calcareous matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
binary compound of silicon, or one regarded as binary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Hydrogen silicide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
colorless, spontaneously inflammable gas, SiH<sub>4</sub>, produced
artifically from silicon, and analogous to methane; -- called also
<i>silico-methane</i>, <i>silicon hydride</i>, and formerly
<i>siliciureted hydrogen</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sil`i*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>silex</i>, <i>silicis</i>, a flint + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<def>Producing silica; united with silica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Silicify</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Thae act or process of combining
or impregnating with silicon or silica; the state of being so combined
or impregnated; as, the <i>silicification</i> of wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined or impregnated with silicon or silica, especially the
latter; as, <i>silicified</i> wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Silicified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Silicifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>silex</i>,
<i>silicis</i>, a flint + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>silicifier</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To convert into, or to impregnate with, silica, or
with the compounds of silicon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The specimens found . . . are completely
<i>silicified</i>.</blockquote> <i>Say.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The silica may take the form of agate, chalcedony, flint,
hornstone, or crystalline quartz.</p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"i*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
converted into silica, or to be impregnated with silica.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sil`i*ci*oi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Silicoidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*li"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Siliceous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sil`i*ci*spon"gi*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>Silex</u>, and <u>Sponge</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Silicoidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"it*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Silicified.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Silicon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"i*u*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>siliciuretted</i>.] <i>(Old. Chem.)</i> <def>Combined or
impregnated with silicon.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><col><b>Siliciureted hydrogen</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i>
<cd>Hydrogen silicide.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>silicula</i>,
dim. of <i>siliqua</i> a pod or husk: cf. F. <i>silicule</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A seed vessel resembling a silique, but about as
broad as it is long. See <u>Silique</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*co-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also
used adjectively) denoting <i>the presence of silicon</i> or <i>its
compounds</i>; as, <i>silico</i>benzoic, <i>silico</i>fluoride,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil`i*co*flu*or"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing, or composed of, silicon and fluorine;
especially, denoting the compounds called
<i>silicofluorides</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Silicofluoric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a compound
of hydrofluoric acid and silicon fluoride, known only in watery
solution. It is produced by the action of silicon fluoride on water,
and is regarded as an acid, H<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub>, and the type
and origin of the silicofluorides.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sil`i*co*flu"or*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A fluosilicate; a salt of silicofluoric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sil`i*coi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Silex</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive
order of Porifera, which includes those that have the skeleton
composed mainly of siliceous fibers or spicules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Silica</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nonmetalic element analogous to carbon. It
always occurs combined in nature, and is artificially obtained in the
free state, usually as a dark brown amorphous powder, or as a dark
crystalline substance with a meetallic luster. Its oxide is silica, or
common quartz, and in this form, or as silicates, it is, next to
oxygen, the most abundant element of the earth's crust. Silicon is
characteristically the element of the mineral kingdom, as carbon is of
the organic world. Symbol Si. Atomic weight 28. Called also
<i>silicium</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sil`i*co*tung"stic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, any one of a
series of double acids of silicon and tungsten, known in the free
state, and also in their salts (called
<i>silicotungstates</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*lic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A silicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
silicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lic"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>siliculosus</i>, fr. L. <i>silicula</i>: cf. F. <i>siliculeux</i>.
See <u>Silicle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing
silicles; pertaining to, or resembling, silicles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of, or consisting of, husks;
husky.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Si*lig"i*nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>siligineus</i>, fr. <i>siligo</i>, <i>-inis</i>, fine and very
white wheat.] <def>Made of fine wheat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sile</u> to strain.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Siling dish</b></col>, <cd>a colander.</cd> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*qua</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Siliqu&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Silique</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Silique</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weight of four grains; a carat; -- a term
used by jewelers, and refiners of gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ique</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>siliqua</i> a
pod or husk, a very small weight or measure: cf. F. <i>silique</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An oblong or elongated seed vessel, consisting of
two valves with a dissepiment between, and opening by sutures at
either margin. The seeds are attached to both edges of the
dissepiment, alternately upon each side of it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"i*qui*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Silique</i> +
<i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>siliquiforme</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
the form of a silique.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sil`i*quo"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Siliquose</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an order of plants
including those which bear siliques.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sil"i*quose`</hw> (?), <hw>Sil"i*quous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>siliquosus</i>: cf.  F.
<i>siliqueux</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing siliques; as,
<i>siliquose</i> plants; pertaining to, or resembling, siliques; as,
<i>siliquose</i> capsules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Silk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>silk</i>,
<i>selk</i>, AS. <i>seolc</i>, <i>seoloc</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>silki</i>, SW. &amp; Dan. <i>silke</i>; prob. through Slavic from an
Oriental source; cf. Lith. <i>szilkai</i>, Russ. <i>shelk'</i>, and
also L. <i>sericum</i> Seric stuff, silk.  Cf. <u>Sericeous</u>.
<u>Serge</u> a woolen stuff.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fine, soft
thread produced by various species of caterpillars in forming the
cocoons within which the worm is inclosed during the pupa state,
especially that produced by the larv&aelig; of <i>Bombyx
mori</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, thread spun, or cloth woven, from
the above-named material.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles silk, as the filiform
styles of the female flower of maize.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Raw silk</b></col>, <cd>silk as it is wound off from the
cocoons, and before it is manufactured.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk
cotton</b></col>, <cd>a cottony substance enveloping the seeds of the
silk-cotton tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk-cotton tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name for several tropical trees of the genera
<i>Bombax</i> and <i>Eriodendron</i>, and belonging to the order
<i>Bombace&aelig;</i>. The trees grow to an immense size, and have
their seeds enveloped in a cottony substance, which is used for
stuffing cushions, but can not be spun.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk
flower</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The silk
tree</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A similar tree (<i>Calliandra
trinervia</i>) of Peru.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk fowl</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a breed of domestic fowls having silky
plumage.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk gland</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a gland which secretes the material of silk, as in spider or a
silkworm; a sericterium.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk gown</b></col>, <cd>the
distinctive robe of a barrister who has been appointed king's or
queen's counsel; hence, the counsel himself. Such a one has precedence
over mere barristers, who wear <i>stuff gowns</i>.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Silk grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of grass
(<i>Stipa comata</i>) of the Western United States, which has very
long silky awns. The name is also sometimes given to various species
of the genera <i>Aqave</i> and <i>Yucca</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk
moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the adult moth of any
silkworm.  See <u>Silkworm</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk shag</b></col>,
<cd>a coarse, rough-woven silk, like plush, but with a stiffer
nap.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
large spider (<i>Nephila plumipes</i>), native of the Southern United
States, remarkable for the large quantity of strong silk it produces
and for the great disparity in the sizes of the sexes.</cd> --
<col><b>Silk thrower</b></col>, <col><b>Silk throwster</b></col>,
<cd>one who twists or spins silk, and prepares it for weaving.</cd>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>Silk tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an Asiatic leguminous tree (<i>Albizzia Julibrissin</i>) with
finely bipinnate leaves, and large flat pods; -- so called because of
the abundant long silky stamens of its blossoms. Also called <i>silk
flower</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silk vessel</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>Same as <i>Silk gland</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Virginia
silk</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a climbing plant (<i>Periploca
Gr&aelig;ca</i>) of the Milkweed family, having a silky tuft on the
seeds. It is native in Southern Europe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Silk"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>seolcen</i>,
<i>seolocen</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to silk;
made of, or resembling, silk; as, <i>silken</i> cloth; a <i>silken</i>
veil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Soft; delicate; tender; smooth; as,
<i>silken</i> language.</def> "<i>Silken</i> terms precise."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dressed in silk.</def> "A . . .
<i>silken</i> wanton."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Silk"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render silken or
silklike.</def>  <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Silk"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being silky or silken; softness and
smoothness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Effeminacy; weakness.</def> [R.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Silk"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Silkmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A dealer in silks; a silk
mercer.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1341 !></p>

<p><hw>Silk"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Silkiness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Silk"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genera <i>Asclepias</i> and <i>Acerates</i>
whose seed vessels contain a long, silky down; milkweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Silk"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>seolcwyrm</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva of any one of
numerous species of bombycid moths, which spins a large amount of
strong silk in constructing its cocoon before changing to a
pupa.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common species (<i>Bombyx mori</i>) feeds on the leaves
of the white mulberry tree. It is native of China, but has long been
introduced into other countries of Asia and Europe, and is reared on a
large scale. In America it is reared only to small extent. The
Ailanthus silkworm (<i>Philosamia cynthia</i>) is a much larger
species, of considerable importance, which has been introduced into
Europe and America from China. The most useful American species is the
Polyphemus. See <u>Polyphemus</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Pernyi silkworm</b></col>, <cd>the larva of the Pernyi
moth. See <u>Pernyi moth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silkworm gut</b></col>,
<cd>a substance prepared from the contents of the silk glands of
silkworms and used in making lines for angling. See <u>Gut</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Silkworm rot</b></col>, <cd>a disease of silkworms;
muscardine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Silk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Silkier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Silkiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to silk; made of, or resembling, silk; silken; silklike;
as, a <i>silky</i> luster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, soft and smooth; as, <i>silky</i>
wine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Covered with soft hairs pressed close to
the surface, as a leaf; sericeous.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Silky oak</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a lofty Australian
tree (<i>Grevillea robusta</i>) with silky tomentose lobed or incised
leaves. It furnishes a valuable timber.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sille</i>,
<i>sylle</i>, AS. <i>syl</i>, <i>syll</i>; akin to G. <i>schwelle</i>,
OHG. <i>swelli</i>, Icel. <i>syll</i>, <i>svill</i>, Sw. <i>syll</i>,
Dan. <i>syld</i>, Goth. <i>gasuljan</i> to lay a foundation, to
found.] <def>The basis or foundation of a thing; especially, a
horizontal piece, as a timber, which forms the lower member of a
frame, or supports a structure; as, the <i>sills</i> of a house, of a
bridge, of a loom, and the like.</def> Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The timber or stone at the foot of a door; the threshold.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The timber or stone on which a window frame
stands; or, the lowest piece in a window frame.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The floor of a gallery or passage in a
mine.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A piece of timber across the
bottom of a canal lock for the gates to shut against.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sill course</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a horizontal
course of stone, terra cotta, or the like, built into a wall at the
level of one or more window sills, these sills often forming part of
it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Thill</u>.] <def>The
shaft or thill of a carriage.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 4th <u>Sile</u>.] <def>A
young herring.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sil"la*bub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>sile</i> to
strain, and <i>bub</i> liquor, also Prov. E. <i>sillibauk</i>.] <def>A
dish made by mixing wine or cider with milk, and thus forming a soft
curd; also, sweetened cream, flavored with wine and beaten to a stiff
froth.</def> [Written also <i>syllabub</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sil"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Silver.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sil"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Silly</u>.]
<def>In a silly manner; foolishly.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"li*man*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After Benjamin
<i>Siliman</i>, an American meneralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Fibrolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being silly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pollock, or coalfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a furrow.]
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A work raised in the middle of a wide ditch, to
defend it.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sillier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Silliest</u>.] [OE.
<i>seely</i>, <i>sely</i>, AS. <i>s&?;lig</i>, ge<i>s&?;lig</i>,
happy, good, fr. <i>s&?;l</i>, <i>s&?;l</i>, good, happy, <i>s&?;l</i>
good fortune, happines; akin to OS. <i>s&amacr;lig</i>, a, good,
happy, D. <i>zalig</i> blessed, G. <i>selig</i>, OHG.
<i>s&amacr;l&imacr;g</i>, Icel. <i>s&?;l</i>, Sw. <i>s&auml;ll</i>,
Dan. <i>salig</i>, Goth. <i>s&?;ls</i> good, kind, and perh. also to
L. <i>sollus</i> whole, entire, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr. <i>sarva</i>.  Cf.
<u>Seel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Happy;
fortunate; blessed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Harmless; innocent; inoffensive.</def>
[Obs.] "This <i>silly</i>, innocent Custance."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>silly</i> virgin strove him to
withstand.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>silly</i>, innocent hare murdered of a
dog.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Weak; helpless; frail.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>After long storms . . . <BR>
With which my <i>silly</i> bark was tossed sore.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>silly</i> buckets on the deck.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Rustic; plain; simple; humble.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A fourth man, in a <i>silly</i>habit.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All that did their <i>silly</i> thoughts so busy
keep.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Weak in intellect; destitute of ordinary
strength of mind; foolish; witless; simple; as, a <i>silly</i>
woman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from want of understanding or
common judgment; characterized by weakness or folly; unwise; absurd;
stupid; as, <i>silly</i> conduct; a <i>silly</i> question.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Simple; brainless; witless; shallow; foolish;
unwise; indiscreet. See <u>Simple</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sil"ly*how</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>silly-
hew</i>; cf. AS. <i>s&aemacr;lig</i> happy, good, and
<i>h&umacr;fe</i> a cap, hood. See <u>Silly</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>A caul. See <u>Caul</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Si"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A pit or vat for
packing away green fodder for winter use so as to exclude air and
outside moisture. See <u>Ensilage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Silt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>silte</i> gravel,
fr. <i>silen</i> to drain, E. <i>sile</i>; probably of Scand. origin;
cf. Sw. <i>sila</i>, prob. akin to AS. <i>se&oacute;n</i> to filter,
<i>s&imacr;gan</i> to fall, sink, cause to sink, G. <i>seihen</i> to
strain, to filter, OHG. <i>sihan</i>, Icel. <i>s&imacr;>a</i>, Skr.
<i>sic</i> to pour; cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?; moisture.  Cf. <u>Sig</u>,
<u>Sile</u>.] <def>Mud or fine earth deposited from running or
standing water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Silt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Silted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Silting</u>.] <def>To choke, fill, or obstruct with silt or
mud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Silt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flow through
crevices; to percolate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Silt"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of silt;
resembling silt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>silurus</i> a
sort of river fish, Gr. &?;&?;&?;: cf. F. <i>silure</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish of the genus <i>Silurus</i>, as the
sheatfish; a siluroid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lu"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>Silures</i>, a people who anciently inhabited a part of England and
Wales.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the country of the
ancient Silures; -- a term applied to the earliest of the Paleozoic
eras, and also to the strata of the era, because most plainly
developed in that country.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Silurian formation, so named by Murchison, is divided
into the <i>Upper Silurian</i> and <i>Lower Silurian</i>. The lower
part of the Lower Silurian, with some underlying beds, is now
separated under the name <i>Cambrian</i>, first given by Sedwick.
Recently the term <i>Ordovician</i> has been proposed for the Lower
Silurian, leawing the original word to apply only to the Upper
Silurian.</p>

<p><hw>Si*lu"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Silurian
age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lu"ri*dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any fish of the family <i>Silurid&aelig;</i> or of the order
Siluroidei.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*lu"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Silurus</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Siluroidei, or
Nematognathi, an order of fishes including numerous species, among
which are the American catfishes and numerous allied fresh-water
species of the Old World, as the sheatfish (<i>Silurus glanis</i>) of
Europe.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A siluroid fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sil`u*roi"de*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fishes, the
Nematognathi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*lu"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Silure</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of large
malacopterygious fishes of the order Siluroidei. They inhabit the
inland waters of Europe and Asia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Silvas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Silvae</b></plw> (&?;). [L.,
properly, a wood, forest.] [Written also <i>sylva</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The forest trees of a region or country,
considered collectively.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A description
or history of the forest trees of a country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"van</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>silva</i>, less
correctly <i>sylva</i>, a wood or grove, perh. akin to Gr.
<grk>"y`lh</grk>; cf. L. <i>Silvanus</i> Silvanus the god of woods:
cf. F. <i>sylvain</i> silvan.  Cf. <u>Savage</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to woods; composed of woods or groves; woody.</def>
[Written also <i>sylvan</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Betwixt two rows of rocks, a <i>silvan</i> scene<BR>
Appears above, and groves forever green.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"van</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sylvanium</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sil"van*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sylvanite</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sil"vas</hw> (?) or <hw>Sel"vas</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>silva</i> a forest, Sp. <i>selva</i>.] <def>Vast
woodland plains of South America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sylvate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>silver</i>,
<i>selver</i>, <i>seolver</i>, AS. <i>seolfor</i>, <i>siolfur</i>,
<i>siolufr</i>, <i>silofr</i>, <i>sylofr</i>; akin to OS.
<i>silubar</i>, OFries. <i>selover</i>, D. <i>zilver</i>, LG.
<i>sulver</i>, OHG. <i>silabar</i>, <i>silbar</i>, G. <i>silber</i>,
Icel. <i>silfr</i>, Sw. <i>silfver</i>, Dan. <i>s&ouml;lv</i>, Goth.
<i>silubr</i>, Russ. <i>serebro</i>, Lith. <i>sidabras</i>; of unknown
origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A soft white metallic
element, sonorous, ductile, very malleable, and capable of a high
degree of polish. It is found native, and also combined with sulphur,
arsenic, antimony, chlorine, etc., in the minerals argentite,
proustite, pyrargyrite, ceragyrite, etc.  Silver is one of the "noble"
metals, so-called, not being easily oxidized, and is used for coin,
jewelry, plate, and a great variety of articles. Symbol Ag
(<i>Argentum</i>). Atomic weight 107.7. Specific gravity
10.5.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Silver was known under the name of <i>luna</i> to the
ancients and also to the alchemists. Some of its compounds, as the
halogen salts, are remarkable for the effect of light upon them, and
are used in photography.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coin made of silver; silver
money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything having the luster or appearance of
silver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The color of silver.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Silver</i> is used in the formation of many compounds of
obvious meaning; as, <i>silver</i>-armed, <i>silver</i>-bright,
<i>silver</i>-buskined, <i>silver</i>-coated, <i>silver</i>-footed,
<i>silver</i>-haired, <i>silver</i>-headed, <i>silver</i>-mantled,
<i>silver</i>-plated, <i>silver</i>-slippered, <i>silver</i>-sounding,
<i>silver</i>-studded, <i>silver</i>-tongued, <i>silver</i>-white. See
<u>Silver</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Black silver</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>stephanite; --
called also <i>brittle silver ore</i>, or <i>brittle silver
glance</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fulminating silver</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A black crystalline substance,
Ag<sub>2</sub>O.(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, obtained by dissolving
silver oxide in aqua ammonia. When dry it explodes violently on the
slightest percussion.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Silver fulminate, a
white crystalline substance,
Ag<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, obtained by
adding alcohol to a solution of silver nitrate. When dry it is
violently explosive.</cd> -- <col><b>German silver</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>German</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray
silver</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See <u>Freieslebenite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Horn silver</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cerargyrite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>King's silver</b></col>. <i>(O.
Eng. Law)</i> <cd>See <u>Postfine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red
silver</b></col>, or <col><b>Ruby silver</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Proustite</u>, and <u>Pyrargyrite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Silver beater</b></col>, <cd>one who beats silver into silver
leaf or silver foil.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver glance</b></col>, or
<col><b>Vitreous silver</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Argentine</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to silver; made of silver; as, <i>silver</i> leaf; a
<i>silver</i> cup.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling silver.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Bright; resplendent; white.</def>
"<i>Silver</i> hair."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Others, on <i>silver</i> lakes and rivers, bathed<BR>
Their downy breast.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Precious; costly.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Giving a clear, ringing sound soft and
clear.</def> "<i>Silver</i> voices." <i>Spenser.</i>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Sweet; gentle; peaceful.</def> "<i>Silver</i>
slumber." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>American silver fir</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the balsam
fir. See under <u>Balsam</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver age</b></col>
<i>(Roman Lit.)</i>, <cd>the latter part (<u>a. d.</u> 14-180) of the
classical period of Latinity, -- the time of writers of inferior
purity of language, as compared with those of the previous <i>golden
age</i>, so-called.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver-bell tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American shrub or small tree (<i>Halesia
tetraptera</i>) with white bell-shaped flowers in clusters or racemes;
the snowdrop tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver bush</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrubby leguminous plant (<i>Anthyllis Barba-
Jovis</i>) of Southern Europe, having silvery foliage.</cd> --
<col><b>Silver chub</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
fallfish.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver eel</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The cutlass fish.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A pale variety of the common eel.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
fir</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a coniferous tree (<i>Abies
pectinata</i>) found in mountainous districts in the middle and south
of Europe, where it often grows to the height of 100 or 150 feet. It
yields Burgundy pitch and Strasburg turpentine.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
foil</b></col>, <cd>foil made of silver.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
fox</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a variety of the common fox
(<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>, variety <i>argenteus</i>) found in the northern
parts of Asia, Europe, and America. Its fur is nearly black, with
silvery tips, and is highly valued. Called also <i>black fox</i>, and
<i>silver-gray fox</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver gar</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Billfish</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Silver grain</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the lines or
narrow plates of cellular tissue which pass from the pith to the bark
of an exogenous stem; the medullary rays. In the wood of the oak they
are much larger than in that of the beech, maple, pine, cherry,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver grebe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the red-throated diver. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Diver</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver hake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the American whiting.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
leaf</b></col>, <cd>leaves or sheets made of silver beaten very
thin.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver lunge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the namaycush.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
moonfish</b></col>.<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Moonfish</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a lepisma.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the barn owl.</cd> --
<col><b>Silver perch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
mademoiselle, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver pheasant</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of beautiful
crested and long-tailed Asiatic pheasants, of the genus
<i>Euplocamus</i>. They have the tail and more or less of the upper
parts silvery white. The most common species (<i>E. nychtemerus</i>)
is native of China.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver plate</b></col>,
<cd>domestic utensils made of silver.</cd>  -- <col><b>Silver
plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the knot.</cd> --
<col><b>Silver salmon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a salmon
(<i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i>) native of both coasts of the North
Pacific. It ascends all the American rivers as far south as the
Sacramento. Called also <i>kisutch</i>, <i>whitefish</i>, and <i>white
salmon</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a marine bivalve of the genus Anomia. See
<u>Anomia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver steel</b></col>, <cd>an alloy of
steel with a very small proportion of silver.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
stick</b></col>, <cd>a title given to the title field officer of the
Life Guards when on duty at the palace.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Thackeray.</i>
-- <col><b>Silver tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a South African
tree (<i>Leucadendron argenteum</i>) with long, silvery, silky
leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver trout</b></col>, <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Trout</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver wedding</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Wedding</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver whiting</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a marine sci&aelig;noid food fish
(<i>Menticirrus littoralis</i>) native of the Southern United States;
-- called also <i>surf whiting</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Silver
witch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>A lepisma.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Silvered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Silvering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with silver; to
give a silvery appearance to by applying a metal of a silvery color;
as, to <i>silver</i> a pin; to <i>silver</i> a glass mirror plate with
an amalgam of tin and mercury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To polish like silver; to impart a
brightness to, like that of silver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And smiling calmness <i>silvered</i> o'er the
deep.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make hoary, or white, like
silver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His head was <i>silvered</i> o'er with
age.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To acquire a silvery
color.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The eastern sky began to <i>silver</i> and
shine.</blockquote> <i>L. Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The knot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A tree or shrub (<i>El&aelig;agnus argentea</i>) with silvery
foliage and fruit.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An Old World finch of the genus <i>Minia</i>,
as the <i>M. Malabarica</i> of India, and <i>M. cantans</i> of
Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*boom`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>zilver</i>
silver + <i>boom</i> tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Leucadendron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*fin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small North American fresh-water cyprinoid fish (<i>Notropis
Whipplei</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The tarpum.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A white variety of the goldfish.</def></p>

<p> </p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver-gray`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a gray
color with a silvery luster; as, <i>silver-gray</i> hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being silvery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The
art or process of covering metals, wood, paper, glass, etc., with a
thin film of metallic silver, or a substance resembling silver; also,
the firm do laid on; as, the <i>silvering</i> of a glass
speculum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Silverized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Silverizing</u>.] <def>To cover with silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no silcver;
hence, without money; impecunious.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small silver
coin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand vines at a thousand
<i>silverings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Isa. vii. 23.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like silver in
appearance or in sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me wipe off this honorable dew,<BR>
That <i>silverly</i> doth progress on thy cheeks.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"vern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>seolfern</i>,
<i>sylfren</i>.] <def>Made of silver.</def> [Archaic.]  <i>Wyclif
(Acts xix. 24).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Speech is <i>silvern</i>; silence is
golden.</blockquote> <i>Old Proverb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*sides`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of small fishes of
the family <i>Atherinid&aelig;</i>, having a silvery stripe along each
side of the body. The common species of the American coast (<i>Menidia
notata</i>) is very abundant. Called also <i>silverside</i>, <i>sand
smelt</i>, <i>friar</i>, <i>tailor</i>, and <i>tinker</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Brook silversides</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
small fresh-water North American fish (<i>Labadesthes sicculus</i>)
related to the marine silversides.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1342 !></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*smith`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to manufacture utensils, ornaments, etc., of silver; a
worker in silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*spot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of butterflies of
the genus <i>Argynnis</i> and allied genera, having silvery spots on
the under side of the wings. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Aphrodite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dishes,
vases, ornaments, and utensils of various sorts, made of
silver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A perennial rosaceous herb (<i>Potentilla Anserina</i>) having
the leaves silvery white beneath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling, or having the luster of, silver; grayish white and
lustrous; of a mild luster; bright.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the enameled race, whose <i>silvery</i> wing<BR>
Waves to the tepid zephyrs of the spring.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Besprinkled or covered with
silver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having the clear, musical tone of silver;
soft and clear in sound; as, <i>silvery</i> voices; a <i>silvery</i>
laugh.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Silvery iron</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a peculiar
light-gray fine-grained cast iron, usually obtained from clay iron
ore.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sil"vi*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>silviculture</i>.] <def>See <u>Sylviculture</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
cyma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"a*gre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>simagr&eacute;e</i>.] <def>A grimace.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*mar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>simarre</i>. See
<u>Chimere</u>.] <def>A woman's long dress or robe; also light
covering; a scarf.</def> [Written also <i>cimar</i>, <i>cymar</i>,
<i>samare</i>, <i>simare</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Si`marre"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>See <u>Simar</u>.</def>  <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"blot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>simbleau</i>.]
<def>The harness of a drawloom.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sim"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an ape; cf.
<i>simus</i> flatnosed, snub-nosed, Gr. &?;&?;&?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an genus of Quadrumana which
included the types of numerous modern genera. By modern writers it is
usually restricted to the genus which includes the orang-
outang.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Simian; apelike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>simia</i> an
ape.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the family
<i>Simiad&aelig;</i>, which, in its widest sense, includes all the Old
World apes and monkeys; also, apelike.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Any Old World monkey or ape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>similaire</i>,
fr. L. <i>similis</i> like, similar. See <u>Same</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Simulate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exactly corresponding; resembling in all respects; precisely
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nearly corresponding; resembling in many
respects; somewhat like; having a general likeness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Homogenous; uniform.</def> [R.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Similar figures</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>figures which
differ from each other only in magnitude, being made up of the same
number of like parts similarly situated.</cd> -- <col><b>Similar
rectilineal figures</b></col>, <cd>such as have their several angles
respectively equal, each to each, and their sides about the equal
angles proportional.</cd> -- <col><b>Similar solids</b></col>,
<cd>such as are contained by the same number of similar planes,
similarly situated, and having like inclination to one
another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is similar
to, or resembles, something else, as in quality, form, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim`i*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ties</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>similarit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The quality or state of being similar; likeness; resemblance; as,
a <i>similarity</i> of features.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hardly is there a <i>similarity</i> detected between
two or three facts, than men hasten to extend it to all.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a similar
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*lar*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Similar.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rhyming cadences of <i>similarly</i>
words.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Implying or
indicating likeness or resemblance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>similative</i> or instrumental relation to a pa.
pple. [past participle], as almond-leaved, -scented, etc.</blockquote>
<i>New English Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Similes</b></plw> (#). [L., from <i>similis</i>. See
<u>Similar</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A word or phrase by which
anything is likened, in one or more of its aspects, to something else;
a similitude; a poetical or imaginative comparison.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A good swift <i>simile</i>, but something
currish.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Si*mil"i*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., in like
manner.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The technical name of the form by which
either party, in pleading, accepts the issue tendered by his opponent;
-- called sometimes a <i>joinder in issue</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*mil"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>similitude</i>, L. <i>similitudo</i>, from <i>similis</i> similar.
See <u>Similar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being similar or like; resemblance; likeness; similarity; as,
<i>similitude</i> of substance.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us make now man in our image, man<BR>
In our <i>similitude</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If fate some future bard shall join<BR>
In sad <i>similitude</i> of griefs to mine.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of likening, or that which likens,
one thing to another; fanciful or imaginative comparison; a
simile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tasso, in his <i>similitudes</i>, never departed from
the woods; that is, all his comparisons were taken from the
country.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is like or similar; a
representation, semblance, or copy; a facsimile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man should wed his <i>similitude</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*mil`i*tu"di*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Involving or expressing similitude.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Coke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To liken; to
compare; as, to <i>similize</i> a person, thing, or act.</def>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*lor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>similus</i> similar + F. <i>or</i> gold, L. <i>aurum</i>.  Cf.
<u>Semilor</u>.] <def>An alloy of copper and zinc, resembling brass,
but of a golden color.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>simia</i> an
ape.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Simi&aelig;;
monkeylike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That strange <i>simious</i>, schoolboy passion of
giving pain to others.</blockquote> <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"i*tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scimiter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Simmered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Simmering</u>.] [Prov. E. also <i>simper</i>; -- an onomatopoetic
word.] <def>To boil gently, or with a gentle hissing; to begin to
boil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>simmer</i> as liquor doth on the fire before it
beginneth to boil.</blockquote> <i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"mer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to boil
gently; to cook in liquid heated almost or just to the boiling
point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>simenel</i> cake
or bread of wheat flour, LL. <i>simenellus</i> wheat bread, fr. L.
<i>simila</i> the finest wheat flour.  Cf. <u>Semolina</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cake made of fine flour; a
cracknel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not common bread, but vastel bread, or
<i>simnels</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of rich plum cake, eaten especially
on Mid-Lent Sunday.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*mo"ni*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>simoniacus</i>. See <u>Simony</u>.] <def>One who practices simony,
or who buys or sells preferment in the church.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim`o*ni"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to simony; guilty of simony; consisting of simony.</def> --
<wf>Sim"o*ni`a*cal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The flagitious profligacy of their lives, and the
<i>simoniacal</i> arts by which they grasped at the
popedom.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Harford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*mo"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Simoniacal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Si*mo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[See <u>Simony</u>.]
<def>One of the followers of Simon Magus; also, an adherent of certain
heretical sects in the early Christian church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*mo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Simoniacal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"o*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices simony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>simonie</i>, LL.
<i>simonia</i>, fr. <i>Simon</i> Magus, who wished to purchase the
power of conferring the Holy Spirit. <i>Acts</i> viii.] <def>The crime
of buying or selling ecclesiastical preferment; the corrupt
presentation of any one to an ecclesiastical benefice for money or
reward.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Si*moom"</hw> (?), <hw>Si*moon"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>sam&?;m</i>, fr. <i>samma</i> to poison.
Cf. <u>Samiel</u>.] <def>A hot, dry, suffocating, dust-laden wind,
that blows occasionally in Arabia, Syria, and neighboring countries,
generated by the extreme heat of the parched deserts or sandy
plains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>simus</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;.] <def>Having a very flat or snub nose, with the end turned
up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"pai</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Malay <i>simpei</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A long-tailed monkey (<i>Semnopitchecus
melalophus</i>) native of Sumatra. It has a crest of black hair. The
forehead and cheeks are fawn color, the upper parts tawny and red, the
under parts white. Called also <i>black-crested monkey</i>, and
<i>sinp&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Simpered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Simpering</u>.] [Cf. Norw. <i>semper</i> fine, smart, dial. Dan.
<i>semper</i>, <i>simper</i>, affected, coy, prudish, OSw.
<i>semper</i> one who affectedly refrains from eating, Sw. <i>sipp</i>
finical, prim, LG. <i>sipp</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To smile in a
silly, affected, or conceited manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold yond <i>simpering</i> dame.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With a made countenance about her mouth, between
<i>simpering</i> and smiling.</blockquote> <i>ir. P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To glimmer; to twinkle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet can I mark how stars above<BR>
<i>Simper</i> and shine.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A constrained, self-
conscious smile; an affected, silly smile; a smirk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The conscious <i>simper</i>, and the jealous
leer.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"per*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
simpers.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>simperer</i> that a court affords.</blockquote>
<i>T. Nevile.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"per*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &. n.</i></pos> from
<u>Simper</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"per*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a simpering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Simpler</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Simplest</u>.] [F., fr. L.
<i>simplus</i>, or <i>simplex</i>, gen. <i>simplicis</i>. The first
part of the Latin words is probably akin to E. <i>same</i>, and the
sense, one, one and the same; cf. L. <i>semel</i> once, <i>singuli</i>
one to each, single. Cg. <u>Single</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Same</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and for the last part of the word
cf. <u>Double</u>, <u>Complex</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Single;
not complex; not infolded or entangled; uncombined; not compounded;
not blended with something else; not complicated; as, a <i>simple</i>
substance; a <i>simple</i> idea; a <i>simple</i> sound; a
<i>simple</i> machine; a <i>simple</i> problem; <i>simple</i>
tasks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plain; unadorned; as, <i>simple</i>
dress.</def> "<i>Simple</i> truth." <i>Spenser.</i> "His <i>simple</i>
story." <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mere; not other than; being only.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A medicine . . . whose <i>simple</i> touch<BR>
Is powerful to araise King Pepin.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not given to artifice, stratagem, or
duplicity; undesigning; sincere; true.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full many fine men go upon my score, as <i>simple</i>
as I stand here, and I trust them.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Must thou trust Tradition's <i>simple</i>
tongue?</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To be simple is to be great.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Artless in manner; unaffected;
unconstrained; natural; inartificial;; straightforward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>simple</i> manners all the secret
lies.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Direct; clear; intelligible; not abstruse
or enigmatical; as, a <i>simple</i> statement; <i>simple</i>
language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Weak in intellect; not wise or sagacious;
of but moderate understanding or attainments; hence, foolish;
silly.</def> "You have <i>simple</i> wits."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>simple</i> believeth every word; but the prudent
man looketh well to his going.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xiv. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Not luxurious; without much variety; plain;
as, a <i>simple</i> diet; a <i>simple</i> way of living.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>simple</i> fare and all thy plain
delights.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Humble; lowly; undistinguished.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>simple</i> husbandman in garments
gray.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Clergy and laity, male and female, gentle and
<i>simple</i> made the fuel of the same fire.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(BOt.)</i> <def>Without subdivisions;
entire; as, a <i>simple</i> stem; a <i>simple</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Not capable of being
decomposed into anything more simple or ultimate by any means at
present known; elementary; thus, atoms are regarded as <i>simple</i>
bodies.  Cf. <u>Ultimate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>simple</i> body is one that has not as yet been
decomposed. There are indications that many of our simple elements are
still compound bodies, though their actual decomposition into anything
simpler may never be accomplished.</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Homogenous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Consisting of a single
individual or zooid; as, a <i>simple</i> ascidian; -- opposed to
<i>compound</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Simple contract</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>any contract,
whether verbal or written, which is not of record or under seal.</cd>
<i>J. W. Smith.</i> <i>Chitty.</i> -- <col><b>Simple
equation</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>an equation containing but one
unknown quantity, and that quantity only in the first degree.</cd> --
<col><b>Simple eye</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an eye having a
single lens; -- opposed to <i>compound eye</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Simple
interest</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Interest</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Simple larceny</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Larceny</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Simple obligation</b></col> <i>(Rom.
Law)</i>, <cd>an obligation which does not depend for its execution
upon any event provided for by the parties, or is not to become void
on the happening of any such event.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Single; uncompounded; unmingled; unmixed; mere;
uncombined; elementary; plain; artless; sincere; harmless;
undesigning; frank; open; unaffected; inartificial; unadorned;
credulous; silly; foolish; shallow; unwise.  -- <u>Simple</u>,
<u>Silly</u>. One who is <i>simple</i> is sincere, unaffected, and
inexperienced in duplicity, -- hence liable to be duped. A
<i>silly</i> person is one who is ignorant or weak and also self-
confident; hence, one who shows in speech and act a lack of good
sense. <i>Simplicity</i> is incompatible with duplicity, artfulness,
or vanity, while <i>silliness</i> is consistent with all three.
<i>Simplicity</i> denotes lack of knowledge or of guile;
<i>silliness</i> denotes want of judgment or right purpose, a defect
of character as well as of education.</p>

<p><blockquote>I am a <i>simple</i> woman, much too weak<BR>
To oppose your cunning.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is the companion of the <i>silliest</i> people in
their most <i>silly</i> pleasure; he is ready for every impertinent
entertainment and diversion.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Simple</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something not mixed or
compounded.</def> "Compounded of many <i>simples</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicinal plant; -- so
called because each vegetable was supposed to possess its particular
virtue, and therefore to constitute a simple remedy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What virtue is in this remedy lies in the naked
<i>simple</i> itself as it comes over from the Indies.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
drawloom.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A part of the apparatus for
raising the heddles of a drawloom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A feast which is not a
double or a semidouble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gather simples,
or medicinal plants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>simpling</i> on the flowery hills she [Circe]
strayed.</blockquote> <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sincere;
inguenuous; guileless.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Artless;
guileless; simple-hearted; undesigning; unsuspecting; devoid of
duplicity.</def> <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <wf>Sim"ple-mind`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being simple; simplicity.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"pler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who collects
simples, or medicinal plants; a herbalist; a simplist.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Simpler's joy</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Vervain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sim"pless</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>simplesse</i>.]
<def>Simplicity; silliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ple*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>simplet</i>, It. <i>semplicione</i>.] <def>A person of weak
intellect; a silly person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim*pli"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>simplicien</i>.] <def>One who is simple.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Arnway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim*plic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>simplicit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>simplicitas</i>. See <u>Simple</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being simple, unmixed,
or uncompounded; as, the <i>simplicity</i> of metals or of
earths.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being not complex,
or of consisting of few parts; as, the <i>simplicity</i> of a
machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Artlessness of mind; freedom from cunning
or duplicity; lack of acuteness and sagacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Marquis Dorset, a man, for his harmless
<i>simplicity</i> neither misliked nor much regarded.</blockquote>
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In wit a man; <i>simplicity</i> a child.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from artificial ornament,
pretentious style, or luxury; plainness; as, <i>simplicity</i> of
dress, of style, or of language; <i>simplicity</i> of diet;
<i>simplicity</i> of life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from subtlety or abstruseness;
clearness; as, the <i>simplicity</i> of a doctrine; the
<i>simplicity</i> of an explanation or a demonstration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Weakness of intellect; silliness;
folly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How long, ye simple ones, will ye love
<i>simplicity</i>? and the scorners delight in their
scorning?</blockquote> <i>Prov. i. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim`pli*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>simplification</i>.] <def>The act of simplifying.</def>  <i>A.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"pli*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Simplified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Simplifying</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>simplifier</i>, LL.
<i>simplificare</i>. See <u>Simple</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <def>To make
simple; to make less complex; to make clear by giving the explanation
for; to show an easier or shorter process for doing or
making.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The collection of duties is drawn to a point, and so
far <i>simplified</i>.</blockquote> <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is important, in scientific pursuits, to be caitious
in <i>simplifying</i> our deductions.</blockquote> <i>W.
Nicholson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"plist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in
simples, or medicinal plants; a simpler.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim*plis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to simples, or a simplist.</def> [R.]
<i>Wilkinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"pli*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Simplicity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sim"plo*ce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>See <u>Symploce</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ply</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a simple manner or state; considered in or by itself; without
addition; along; merely; solely; barely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] make that now good or evil, . . . which
otherwise of itself were not <i>simply</i> the one or the
other.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Simply</i> the thing I am<BR>
Shall make me live.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1343 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Plainly; without art or subtlety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Subverting worldly strong and worldly wise<BR>
By <i>simply</i> meek.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Weakly; foolishly.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sim"u*la`cher</hw>, <hw>Sim"u*la`chre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>simulacre</i>.] <def>See
<u>Simulacrum</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sim`u*la"crum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Simulacra</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Simulate</u>.] <def>A
likeness; a semblance; a mock appearance; a sham; -- now usually in a
derogatory sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beneath it nothing but a great
<i>simulacrum</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>simulator</i>, F. <i>simulateur</i>. See <u>Simulate</u>.] <def>One
who pretends to be what he is not; one who, or that which, simulates
or counterfeits something; a pretender.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Christ calleth the Pharisees hypocrites, that is to
say, <i>simulars</i>, and painted sepulchers.</blockquote>
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"u*lar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>False; specious;
counterfeit.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.] "Thou <i>simular</i> man of virtue."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>simulatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>simulare</i> to simulate; akin to <i>simul</i> at the same
time, together, <i>similis</i> like. See <u>Similar</u>, and cf.
<u>Dissemble</u>, <u>Semblance</u>.] <def>Feigned; pretended.</def>
<i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Simulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Simulating</u>.] <def>To assume the mere appearance of, without the
reality; to assume the signs or indications of, falsely; to
counterfeit; to feign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Puritans, even in the depths of the dungeons to
which she had sent them, prayed, and with no <i>simulated</i> fervor,
that she might be kept from the dagger of the assassin.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>simulation</i>, L. <i>simulatio</i>.] <def>The act of simulating,
or assuming an appearance which is feigned, or not true; --
distinguished from <i>dissimulation</i>, which disguises or conceals
what is true.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Counterfeiting; feint; pretense.</p>

<p><hw>Sim"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
simulates, or feigns.</def>  <i> De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sim"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Simulated,
or capable of being simulated.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si`mul*ta*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being simultaneous; simultaneousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`mul*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>simultim</i> at the same time, fr. L. <i>simul</i>. See
<u>Simulate</u>.] <def>Existing, happening, or done, at the same time;
as, <i>simultaneous</i> events.</def> -- <wf>Si`mul*ta"ne*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Si`mul*ta"ne*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Simultaneous equations</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>two or
more equations in which the values of the unknown quantities entering
them are the same at the same time in both or in all.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sim"ul*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>simultas</i> a
hostile encounter, drudge, originally, a (hostile) coming together,
fr. <i>simul</i> together: cf. OF. <i>simult&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Private grudge or quarrel; as, domestic <i>simulties</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv., prep., &amp; conj.</i></pos> <def>Old
form of <u>Since</u>.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sin</i> that his lord was twenty year of
age.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sinne</i>, AS.
<i>synn</i>, <i>syn</i>; akin to D. <i>zonde</i>, OS. <i>sundia</i>,
OHG. <i>sunta</i>, G. <i>s&uuml;nde</i>, Icel., Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>synd</i>, L. <i>sons</i>, <i>sontis</i>, guilty, perhaps originally
from the p. pr. of the verb signifying, to be, and meaning, the one
who it is.  Cf. <u>Authentic</u>, <u>Sooth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Transgression of the law of God; disobedience of the divine
command; any violation of God's will, either in purpose or conduct;
moral deficiency in the character; iniquity; as, <i>sins</i> of
omission and <i>sins</i> of commission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever committeth <i>sin</i> is the servant of
<i>sin</i>.</blockquote> <i>John viii. 34.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sin</i> is the transgression of the
law.</blockquote> <i>1 John iii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I think 't no <i>sin</i>.<BR>
To cozen him that would unjustly win.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Enthralled<BR>
By <i>sin</i> to foul, exorbitant desires.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An offense, in general; a violation of
propriety; a misdemeanor; as, a <i>sin</i> against good
manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I grant that poetry's a crying <i>sin</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sin offering; a sacrifice for
sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath made him to be <i>sin</i> for us, who knew no
sin.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. v. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An embodiment of sin; a very wicked
person.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy ambition,<BR>
Thou scarlet <i>sin</i>, robbed this bewailing land<BR>
Of noble Buckingham.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sin</i> is used in the formation of some compound words
of obvious signification; as, <i>sin</i>-born; <i>sin</i>-bred,
<i>sin</i>-oppressed, <i>sin</i>-polluted, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Actual sin</b></col>, <col><b>Canonical sins</b></col>,
<col><b>Original sin</b></col>, <col><b>Venial sin</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Actual</u>, <u>Canonical</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Deadly</b></col>, or <col><b>Mortal</b></col>,
<col><b>sins</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>willful and deliberate
transgressions, which take away divine grace; -- in distinction from
<i>vental sins</i>. The <i>seven deadly sins</i> are pride,
covetousness, lust, wrath, gluttony, envy, and sloth.</cd> --
<col><b>Sin eater</b></col>, <cd>a man who (according to a former
practice in England) for a small gratuity ate a piece of bread laid on
the chest of a dead person, whereby he was supposed to have taken the
sins of the dead person upon himself.</cd> -- <col><b>Sin
offering</b></col>, <cd>a sacrifice for sin; something offered as an
expiation for sin.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Iniquity; wickedness; wrong. See <u>Crime</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sinned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sinning</u>.] [OE. <i>sinnen</i>, <i>singen</i>, <i>sinegen</i>,
AS. <i>syngian</i>. See <u>Sin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To depart voluntarily from the path of duty
prescribed by God to man; to violate the divine law in any particular,
by actual transgression or by the neglect or nonobservance of its
injunctions; to violate any known rule of duty; -- often followed by
<i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Against thee, thee only, have I
<i>sinned</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. li. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All have <i>sinned</i>, and come short of the glory of
God.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iii. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To violate human rights, law, or propriety;
to commit an offense; to trespass; to transgress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a man<BR>
More <i>sinned</i> against than <i>sinning</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who but wishes to invert the laws<BR>
Of order, <i>sins</i> against the eternal cause.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Si*na"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Si`na*it"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Mount <i>Sinai</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to Mount Sinai; given or made at Mount Sinai; as, the <i>Sinaitic</i>
law.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sinaitic manuscript</b></col>, <cd>a fourth century Greek
manuscript of the part Bible, discovered at Mount Sinai (the greater
part of it in 1859) by Tisschendorf, a German Biblical critic; --
called also <i>Codex Sinaiticus</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sin*al"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>Sin</i>apis + <i>alba</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside found
in the seeds of white mustard (<i>Brassica alba</i>, formerly
<i>Sinapis alba</i>), and extracted as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sin</i>apis +
mel<i>amine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bitter white crystalline
nitrogenous substance, obtained indirectly from oil of mustard and
ammonia; -- called also <i>allyl melamine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"a*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of sinapic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"a*pic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to sinapine; specifically, designating an acid
(C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) related to gallic acid,
and obtained by the decomposition of sinapine, as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"a*pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sinapi</i>,
<i>sinapis</i>, mustard, Gr. &?;&?;&?;: cf. F. <i>sinapine</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid occuring in the seeds of mustard. It
is extracted, in combination with sulphocyanic acid, as a white
crystalline substance, having a hot, bitter taste.  When sinapine is
isolated it is unstable and undergoes decomposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*na"pis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A disused generic name for mustard; -- now called
<i>Brassica</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"a*pis`in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A substance extracted from mustard seed and probably identical
with sinalbin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sin"a*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sinapismus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, the use of a mustard blister, fr.
&?;&?;&?; to apply a mustard blister, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?; mustard.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A plaster or poultice composed principally of
powdered mustard seed, or containing the volatile oil of mustard seed.
It is a powerful irritant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin`a*po*le"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sina</i>pis +
<i>oleic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to mustard oil;
specifically, designating an acid of the oleic acid series said to
occur in mistard oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*nap"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sinapis</i> +
L. <i>oleum</i> oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrogenous base,
CO.(NH.C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, related to urea,
extracted from mustard oil, and also produced artifically, as a white
crystalline substance; -- called also <i>diallyl urea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ca*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because
obtained by the action of al<i>kal</i>ies on <i>sin</i>apine.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Choline.</def> [Written also
<i>sinkaline</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Since</hw> (s&ibreve;ns), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [For
<i>sins</i>, contr. fr. OE. <i>sithens</i>, <i>sithenes</i>, formed by
an adverbial ending (cf. <u>Besides</u>) from OE. <i>sithen</i>, also
shortened into <i>sithe</i>, <i>sin</i>, AS. <i>si&eth;&eth;an</i>,
<i>sy&eth;&eth;an</i>, <i>seo&eth;&eth;an</i>, afterward, then, since,
after; properly, after that; fr. <i>s&imacr;&eth;</i> after, later,
adv. and prep. (originally a comparative adv., akin to OS.
<i>s&imacr;&eth;</i> afterward, since, OHG. <i>s&imacr;d</i>, G.
<i>seit</i> since, Goth. <i>sei&thorn;us</i> late, ni
&thorn;ana<i>sei&thorn;s</i> no longer) + <i>&eth;on</i> instrumental
of the demonstrative and article. See <u>That</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>From a definite past time until now; as, he went a month ago, and
I have not seen him <i>since</i>.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>since</i> become the slaves to one man's
lust.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the time past, counting backward from
the present; before this or now; ago.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How many ages <i>since</i> has Virgil
writ?</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>About two years <i>since</i>, it so fell out, that he
was brought to a great lady's house.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>When or that.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Do you remember <i>since</i> we lay all night in the
windmill in St. George's field?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Since</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>From the time of; in
or during the time subsequent to; subsequently to; after; -- usually
with a past event or time for the object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord hath blessed thee, <i>since</i> my
coming.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxx. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a model by which he build a nobler poem than any
extant <i>since</i> the ancients.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Since</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Seeing that; because;
considering; -- formerly followed by <i>that</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Since</i> that my penitence comes after all,<BR>
Imploring pardon.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Since</i> truth and constancy are vain,<BR>
<i>Since</i> neither love, nor sense of pain,<BR>
Nor force of reason, can persuade,<BR>
Then let example be obeyed.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Because; for; as; inasmuch as; considering. See
<u>Because</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sin*cere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sincerer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sincerest</u>.] [L. <i>sincerus</i>, of
uncertain origin; the first part perhaps akin to <i>sin-</i> in
<i>singuli</i> (see <u>Single</u>), and the second to <i>cernere</i>
to separate (cf. <u>Discern</u>): cf. F. <i>sinc</i>&egrave;re.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pure; unmixed; unadulterated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no <i>sincere</i> acid in any animal
juice.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A joy which never was <i>sincere</i> till
now.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whole; perfect; unhurt; uninjured.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The inviolable body stood <i>sincere</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being in reality what it appears to be;
having a character which corresponds with the appearance; not falsely
assumed; genuine; true; real; as, a <i>sincere</i> desire for
knowledge; a <i>sincere</i> contempt for meanness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sincere</i> intention of pleasing God in all our
actions.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Honest; free from hypocrisy or
dissimulation; as, a <i>sincere</i> friend; a <i>sincere</i>
person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The more <i>sincere</i> you are, the better it will
fare with you at the great day of account.</blockquote>
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Honest; unfeigned; unvarnished; real; true;
unaffected; inartificial; frank; upright. See <u>Hearty</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sin*cere"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sincere
manner.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Purely; without
alloy.</def> <i>Milton.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Honestly;
unfeignedly; without dissimulation; as, to speak one's mind
<i>sincerely</i>; to love virtue <i>sincerely</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin*cere"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sincerity</u>.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin*cer"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sinceritas</i>: cf. F. <i>sinc&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being sincere; honesty of mind or intention;
freedom from simulation, hypocrisy, disguise, or false pretense;
sincereness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I protest, in the <i>sincerity</i> of
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sincerity</i> is a duty no less plain than
important.</blockquote> <i>Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sinch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Cinch</u>.] <def>A
saddle girth made of leather, canvas, woven horsehair, or woven
grass.</def> [Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sinch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gird with a sinch;
to tighten the sinch or girth of (a saddle); as, to <i>sinch</i> up a
sadle.</def> [Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sin*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the sinciput; being in the region of the
sinciput.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ci*put</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., half a head;
<i>semi</i>half + <i>caput</i> the head.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The fore part of the head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The part of the head of
a bird between the base of the bill and the vertex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of fine
Indian cotton stuff, Gr. &?;&?;&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
wrapper.</def> [Obs.] "Wrapped in <i>sindons</i> of linen."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A small rag or pledget
introduced into the hole in the cranium made by a trephine.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>sinus</i> a sine,
L. <i>sinus</i> bosom, used in translating the Ar. <i>jaib</i>,
properly, bosom, but probably read by mistake (the consonants being
the same) for an original <i>j&imacr;ba</i> sine, from Skr.
<i>j&imacr;va</i> bowstring, chord of an arc, sine.] <i>(Trig.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The length of a perpendicular drawn from one
extremity of an arc of a circle to the diameter drawn through the
other extremity.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The perpendicular
itself. See <i>Sine of angle</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Artificial sines</b></col>, <cd>logarithms of the natural
sines, or logarithmic sines.</cd> -- <col><b>Curve of sines</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Sinusoid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Natural sines</b></col>,
<cd>the decimals expressing the values of the sines, the radius being
unity.</cd> -- <col><b>Sine of an angle</b></col>, <cd>in a circle
whose radius is unity, the sine of the arc that measures the angle; in
a right-angled triangle, the side opposite the given angle divided by
the hypotenuse. See <i>Trigonometrical function</i>, under
<u>Function</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Versed sine</b></col>, <cd>that part
of the diameter between the sine and the arc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Si"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Without.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"ne*cu`ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a sinecure; being in the nature of a sinecure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`ne*cure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sine</i>
without + <i>cura</i> care, LL., a cure. See <u>Cure</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastical benefice without the care of
souls.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any office or position which requires or
involves little or no responsibility, labor, or active
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lucrative <i>sinecure</i> in the Excise.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si"ne*cure</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put or place
in a sinecure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"ne*cu*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
having a sinecure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"ne*cu*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has a
sinecure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sinewe</i>,
<i>senewe</i>, AS. <i>sinu</i>, <i>seonu</i>; akin to D. <i>zenuw</i>,
OHG. <i>senawa</i>, G. <i>sehne</i>, Icel. <i>sin</i>, Sw.
<i>sena</i>, Dan.  <i>sene</i>; cf. Skr. <i>sn&amacr;va</i>.
&radic;290.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A tendon or tendonous
tissue. See <u>Tendon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Muscle; nerve.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which supplies strength or
power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The portion and <i>sinew</i> of her fortune, her
marriage dowry.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bodies of men, munition, and money, may justly be
called the <i>sinews</i> of war.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Money alone is often called <i>the sinews of war</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sinewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sinewing</u>.] <def>To knit together, or make strong with, or as
with, sinews.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wretches, now stuck up for long tortures . . . might,
if properly treated, serve to <i>sinew</i> the state in time of
danger.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ewed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with sinews; as, a strong-<i>sinewed</i>
youth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Equipped; strengthened.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When he sees<BR>
Ourselves well <i>sinewed</i> to our defense.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being sinewy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sinewy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no sinews;
hence, having no strength or vigor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sinewy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew-shrunk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>Having the sinews under the belly shrunk by excessive
fatigue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ew*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, consisting of, or resembling, a sinew or
sinews.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sinewy</i> thread my brain lets
fall.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Well braced with, or as if with, sinews;
nervous; vigorous; strong; firm; tough; as, the <i>sinewy</i>
Ajax.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man whose words . . . were so close and
<i>sinewy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AAS. <i>synfull</i>.]
<def>Tainted with, or full of, sin; wicked; iniquitous; criminal;
unholy; as, <i>sinful</i> men; <i>sinful</i> thoughts.</def>  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ah <i>sinful</i> nation, a people laden with
iniquity.</blockquote> <i>Isa. i. 4.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sin"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sin"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sing</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Sung</u> (?) or <u>Sang</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Sung</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Singing</u>.] [AS.
<i>singan</i>; akin to D. <i>zingen</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>singan</i>, G.
<i>singen</i>, Icel. <i>syngja</i>, Sw. <i>sjunga</i>, Dan.
<i>synge</i>, Goth. <i>siggwan</i>, and perhaps to E. <i>say</i>,
v.t., or cf. Gr. &?;&?;&?; voice.  Cf. <u>Singe</u>, <u>Song</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter sounds with musical inflections or
melodious modulations of voice, as fancy may dictate, or according to
the notes of a song or tune, or of a given part (as alto, tenor, etc.)
in a chorus or concerted piece.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The noise of them that <i>sing</i> do I
hear.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter sweet melodious sounds, as birds
do.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On every bough the briddes heard I
<i>sing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Singing</i> birds, in silver cages
hung.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a small, shrill sound; as, the air
<i>sings</i> in passing through a crevice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'er his head the flying spear<BR>
<i>Sang</i> innocent, and spent its force in air.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To tell or relate something in numbers or
verse; to celebrate something in poetry.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid her . . . <i>sing</i><BR>
Of human hope by cross event destroyed.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1344 !></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cry out; to complain.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They should <i>sing</i> if thet they were
bent.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sing</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To utter with musical inflections or modulations of
voice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And they <i>sing</i> the song of Moses, the servant of
God, and the song of the Lamb.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xv. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And in the darkness <i>sing</i> your carol of high
praise.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To celebrate is song; to give praises to in
verse; to relate or rehearse in numbers, verse, or poetry.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Arms and the man I <i>sing</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The last, the happiest British king,<BR>
Whom thou shalt paint or I shall <i>sing</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To influence by singing; to lull by
singing; as, to <i>sing</i> a child to sleep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To accompany, or attend on, with
singing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I heard them <i>singing</i> home the
bride.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Singe</hw> (s&ibreve;nj), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Singed</u> (s&ibreve;njd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Singeing</u> (s&ibreve;nj"&ibreve;ng).] [OE.
<i>sengen</i>, AS. <i>sengan</i> in be<i>sengan</i> (akin to D.
<i>zengen</i>, G. <i>sengen</i>), originally, to cause to sing, fr.
AS. <i>singan</i> to sing, in allusion to the <i>singing</i> or
hissing sound often produced when a substance is singed, or slightly
burned. See <u>Sing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To burn slightly or
superficially; to burn the surface of; to burn the ends or outside of;
as, to <i>singe</i> the hair or the skin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You sulphurous and thought-executing fires, . . . <BR>
<i>Singe</i> my white head!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>singed</i> the toes of an ape through a burning
glass.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To remove the nap of
(cloth), by passing it rapidly over a red-hot bar, or over a flame,
preliminary to dyeing it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To remove the
hair or down from (a plucked chicken or the like) by passing it over a
flame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Singe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A burning of the surface;
a slight burn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ger</hw> (s&ibreve;n"j&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <u>Singe</u>.] <def>One who, or that which, singes.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One employed to singe
cloth.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A machine for singeing
cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sing"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sing</u>.]
<def>One who sings; especially, one whose profession is to
sing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sing"er*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A songstress.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin`gha*lese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>Si&mtil;hala</i> Ceylon.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Cingalese</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sing"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sing</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Singing bird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Popularly, any bird that sings; a song
bird</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Specifically, any one of the
Oscines.</cd> -- <col><b>Singing book</b></col>, <cd>a book containing
music for singing; a book of tunes.</cd> -- <col><b>Singing
falcon</b></col> or <col><b>hawk</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Chanting falcon</i>, under <u>Chanting</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Singing fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a California
toadfish (<i>Porichthys porosissimus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Singing
flame</b></col> <i>(Acoustics)</i>, <cd>a flame, as of hydrogen or
coal gas, burning within a tube and so adjusted as to set the air
within the tube in vibration, causing sound. The apparatus is called
also <i>chemical harmonicon</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Singing
master</b></col>, <cd>a man who teaches vocal music.</cd> --
<col><b>Singing school</b></col>, <cd>a school in which persons are
instructed in singing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sing"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With sounds like
singing; with a kind of tune; in a singing tone.</def>  <i>G. North
(1575).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>singulus</i>, a
dim. from the root in <i>simplex</i> simple; cf. OE. &amp; OF.
<i>sengle</i>, fr. L. <i>singulus</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Simple</u>, and
cf. <u>Singular</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One only, as
distinguished from more than one; consisting of one alone; individual;
separate; as, a <i>single</i> star.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>single</i> man is born with a right of
controlling the opinions of all the rest.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Alone; having no companion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>single</i> hast maintained,<BR>
Against revolted multitudes, the cause<BR>
Of truth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, unmarried; as, a <i>single</i> man
or woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grows, lives, and dies in <i>single</i>
blessedness.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Single</i> chose to live, and shunned to
wed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not doubled, twisted together, or combined
with others; as, a <i>single</i> thread; a <i>single</i> strand of a
rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Performed by one person, or one on each
side; as, a <i>single</i> combat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These shifts refuted, answer thy appellant, . . . <BR>
Who now defles thee thrice ti <i>single</i> fight.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Uncompounded; pure; unmixed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Simple ideas are opposed to complex, and <i>single</i>
to compound.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Not deceitful or artful; honest;
sincere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I speak it with a <i>single</i> heart.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Simple; not wise; weak; silly.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He utters such <i>single</i> matter in so infantly a
voice.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Single ale</b></col>, <col><b>beer</b></col>, or
<col><b>drink</b></col>, <cd>small ale, etc., as contrasted with
<i>double ale</i>, etc., which is stronger.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Nares.</i>
-- <col><b>Single bill</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a written
engagement, generally under seal, for the payment of money, without a
penalty.</cd> <i>Burril.</i> -- <col><b>Single court</b></col>
<i>(Lawn Tennis)</i>, <cd>a court laid out for only two players.</cd>
-- <col><b>Single-cut file</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under 4th
<u>File</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Single entry</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bookkeeping</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Single file</b></col>. <cd>See
under 1st <u>File</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Single flower</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a flower with but one set of petals, as a wild
rose.</cd> -- <col><b>Single knot</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i>
under <u>Knot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Single whip</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a single rope running through a fixed
block.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Singled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Singling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To select, as an
individual person or thing, from among a number; to choose out from
others; to separate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dogs who hereby can <i>single</i> out their master in
the dark.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His blood! she faintly screamed her mind<BR>
Still <i>singling</i> one from all mankind.</blockquote>
<i>More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sequester; to withdraw; to retire.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An agent <i>singling</i> itself from
consorts.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take alone, or one by one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men . . . commendable when they are
<i>singled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take the
irrregular gait called single-foot;- said of a horse. See <u>Single-
foot</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many very fleet horses, when overdriven, adopt a
disagreeable gait, which seems to be a cross between a pace and a
trot, in which the two legs of one side are raised almost but not
quite, simultaneously. Such horses are said to <i>single</i>, or to be
single-footed.</blockquote> <i>W. S. Clark.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
unit; one; as, to score a <i>single</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The reeled filaments of silk,
twisted without doubling to give them firmness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A handful of gleaned grain.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law Tennis)</i> <def>A game with but one
player on each side; -- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>A hit by a batter which
enables him to reach first base only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-act`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
simplicity of action; especially <i>(Mach.)</i>, acting or exerting
force during strokes in one direction only; -- said of a reciprocating
engine, pump, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-breast`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lapping
over the breast only far enough to permit of buttoning, and having
buttons on one edge only; as, a <i>single-breasted</i>
coast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An irregular
gait of a horse; -- called also <i>single-footed pace</i>. See
<u>Single</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Single-foot</i> is an irregular pace, rather rare,
distinguished by the posterior extremities moving in the order of a
fast walk, and the anterior extremities in that of a slow
trot.</blockquote> <i>Stillman (The Horse in Motion.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-hand"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having but
one hand, or one workman; also, alone; unassisted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-heart"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an
honest heart; free from duplicity.</def> -- <wf>Sin"gle-
heart"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-mind"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
single purpose; hence, artless; guileless; single-hearted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being single, or separate from all
others; the opposite of doubleness, complication, or
multiplicity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from duplicity, or secondary and
selfish ends; purity of mind or purpose; simplicity; sincerity; as,
<i>singleness</i> of purpose; <i>singleness</i> of heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Single</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle*stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In England and Scotland, a cudgel used in
fencing or fighting; a backsword.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
game played with singlesticks, in which he who first brings blood from
his adversary's head is pronounced victor; backsword;
cudgeling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"glet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An unlined or
undyed waistcoat; a single garment; -- opposed to
<i>doublet</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In certain
games at cards, as whist, a single card of any suit held at the deal
by a player; as, to lead a <i>singleton</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle*tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Swingletree</u>.] <def>The pivoted or swinging bar to which the
traces of a harnessed horse are fixed; a whiffletree.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When two horses draw abreast, a <i>singletree</i> is fixed
at each end of another crosspiece, called the <i>doubletree</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Sin"gly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Individually; particularly; severally; as, to make men
<i>singly</i> and personally good.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Only; by one's self; alone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look thee, 't is so! Thou <i>singly</i> honest
man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Without partners, companions, or
associates; single-handed; as, to attack another
<i>singly</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At omber <i>singly</i> to decide their
doom.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Honestly; sincerely; simply.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Singularly; peculiarly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sing"-sing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The kob.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sing"song`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bad singing or poetry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A drawling or monotonous tone, as of a
badly executed song.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sing"song`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drawling;
monotonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sing"song`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To write poor
poetry.</def> [R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sing"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
songstress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gu*lar</hw> (s&ibreve;&nsm;"g&usl;*l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>singuler</i>, F. <i>singulier</i>, fr. L.
<i>singularius</i>, <i>singularis</i>, fr. <i>singulus</i> single. See
<u>Single</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Separate
or apart from others; single; distinct.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And God forbid that all a company<BR>
Should rue a <i>singular</i> man's folly.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Engaged in by only one on a side;
single.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To try the matter thus together in a <i>singular</i>
combat.</blockquote> <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Existing by itself; single;
individual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The idea which represents one . . . determinate thing,
is called a <i>singular</i> idea, whether simple, complex, or
compound.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Each; individual; as, to
convey several parcels of land, all and <i>singular</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Denoting one person or
thing; as, the <i>singular</i> number; -- opposed to <i>dual</i> and
<i>plural</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Standing by itself; out of the ordinary
course; unusual; uncommon; strange; as, a <i>singular</i>
phenomenon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>singular</i> a sadness<BR>
Must have a cause as strange as the effect.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Distinguished as existing in a very high
degree; rarely equaled; eminent; extraordinary; exceptional; as, a man
of <i>singular</i> gravity or attainments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Departing from general usage or
expectations; odd; whimsical; -- often implying disapproval or
censure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His zeal<BR>
None seconded, as out of season judged,<BR>
Or <i>singular</i> and rash.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To be <i>singular</i> in anything that is wise and
worthy, is not a disparagement, but a praise.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Being alone; belonging to, or being, that
of which there is but one; unique.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These busts of the emperors and empresses are all very
scarce, and some of them almost <i>singular</i> in their
kind.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Singular point in a curve</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a
point at which the curve possesses some peculiar properties not
possessed by other points of the curve, as a cusp point, or a multiple
point.</cd> -- <col><b>Singular proposition</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>,
<cd>a proposition having as its subject a singular term, or a common
term limited to an individual by means of a singular sign.</cd>
<i>Whately.</i> -- <col><b>Singular succession</b></col> <i>(Civil
Law)</i>, <cd>division among individual successors, as distinguished
from <i>universal succession</i>, by which an estate descended in
intestacy to the heirs in mass.</cd> -- <col><b>Singular
term</b></col> <i>(Logic)</i>, <cd>a term which represents or stands
for a single individual.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unexampled; unprecedented; eminent; extraordinary;
remarkable; uncommon; rare; unusual; peculiar; strange; odd;
eccentric; fantastic.</p>

<p><hw>Sin"gu*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An individual instance; a particular.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram)</i> <def>The singular number, or the
number denoting one person or thing; a word in the singular
number.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gu*lar*ist</hw>
(s&ibreve;&nsm;"g&usl;*l&etilde;r*&ibreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who affects singularity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A clownish <i>singularist</i>, or nonconformist to
ordinary usage.</blockquote> <i>Borrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin`gu*lar"i*ty</hw> (-l&abreve;r"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Singularities</b></plw> (-
t&ibreve;z). [L. <i>singularitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>singularit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
state of being singular; some character or quality of a thing by which
it is distinguished from all, or from most, others;
peculiarity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pliny addeth this <i>singularity</i> to that soil, that
the second year the very falling down of the seeds yieldeth
corn.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I took notice of this little figure for the
<i>singularity</i> of the instrument.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything singular, rare, or
curious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your gallery<BR>
Have we passed through, not without much content<BR>
In many <i>singularities</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Possession of a particular or exclusive
privilege, prerogative, or distinction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No bishop of Rome ever took upon him this name of
<i>singularity</i> [universal bishop].</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Catholicism . . . must be understood in opposition to
the legal <i>singularity</i> of the Jewish nation.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Celibacy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gu*lar*ize</hw>
(s&ibreve;&nsm;"g&usl;*l&etilde;r*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make singular or single; to distinguish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sin"gu*lar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a singular manner; in a manner, or to a degree, not common to
others; extraordinarily; as, to be <i>singularly</i> exact in one's
statements; <i>singularly</i> considerate of others.</def>
"<i>Singularly</i> handsome."  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strangely; oddly; as, to behave
<i>singularly</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>So as to express one, or the singular
number.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gult</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>singultus</i>.]
<def>A sigh or sobbing; also, a hiccough.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i>  <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin*gul"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Relating to, or affected with, hiccough.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sin*gul"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Hiccough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Sine</u>.]
<i>(Trig.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a sine; employing, or founded
upon, sines; as, a <i>sinical</i> quadrant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"i*grin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From NL. <i>Sinapis
nigra</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside found in the seeds of
black mustard (<i>Brassica nigra</i>, formerly <i>Sinapis nigra</i>)
It resembles sinalbin, and consists of a potassium salt of myronic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*ter</hw> (s&ibreve;n"&ibreve;s*t&etilde;r; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Accented on the middle syllable by the older
poets, as Shakespeare, Milton, Dryden.] [L. <i>sinister</i>: cf. F.
<i>sinistre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On the left hand, or the
side of the left hand; left; -- opposed to <i>dexter</i>, or
<i>right</i>.</def> "Here on his <i>sinister</i> cheek."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My mother's blood<BR>
Runs on the dexter cheek, and this <i>sinister</i><BR>
Bounds in my father's</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In heraldy the <i>sinister</i> side of an escutcheon is the
side which would be on the left of the bearer of the shield, and
opposite the right hand of the beholder.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unlucky; inauspicious; disastrous;
injurious; evil; -- the left being usually regarded as the unlucky
side; as, <i>sinister</i> influences.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the several ills that visit earth,<BR>
Brought forth by night, with a <i>sinister</i> birth.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wrong, as springing from indirection or
obliquity; perverse; dishonest; corrupt; as, <i>sinister</i>
aims.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nimble and <i>sinister</i> tricks and
shifts.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He scorns to undermine another's interest by any
<i>sinister</i> or inferior arts.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He read in their looks . . . <i>sinister</i> intentions
directed particularly toward himself.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Indicative of lurking evil or harm; boding
covert danger; as, a <i>sinister</i> countenance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bar sinister</b></col>. <i>(Her.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Bar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Sinister
aspect</b></col> <i>(Astrol.)</i>, <cd>an appearance of two planets
happening according to the succession of the signs, as Saturn in
Aries, and Mars in the same degree of Gemini.</cd> -- <col><b>Sinister
base</b></col>, <col><b>Sinister chief</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Escutcheon</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*ter-hand"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Left-
handed; hence, unlucky.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Lovelace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sinister
manner.</def>  <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*trad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sinistra</i> the left hand + <i>ad</i> to.] <i>(Anat. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Toward the left side; sinistrally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the left, inclining to the left; sinistrous;
-- opposed to <i>dextral</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the whorls of
the spire revolving or rising to the left; reversed; -- said of
certain spiral shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin`is*tral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being sinistral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*tral*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
left; in a sinistral manner.</def>  <i>J. Le Conte.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*trin</hw> (s&ibreve;n"&ibreve;s*tr&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sinister</i> left.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
mucilaginous carbohydrate, resembling achro&ouml;dextrin, extracted
from squill as a colorless amorphous substance; -- so called because
it is levorotatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin`is*tror"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sinistrorsus</i>, <i>sinistroversus</i>, turned toward the left
side; <i>sinister</i> left + <i>vertere</i>, <i>vortere</i>,
<i>versum</i>, <i>vorsum</i>, to turn.] <def>Rising spirally from
right to left (of the spectator); sinistrorse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*trorse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sinistrolsal</u>.] <def>Turning to the left (of the spectator) in
the ascending line; -- the opposite of <i>dextrorse</i>. See
<u>Dextrorse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sinister</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being on the left side;
inclined to the left; sinistral.</def> "<i>Sinistrous</i> gravity."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1345 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wrong; absurd; perverse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A knave or fool can do no harm, even by the most
<i>sinistrous</i> and absurd choice.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"is*trous*ly</hw>
(s&ibreve;n"&ibreve;s*tr&ubreve;s*l&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a sinistrous manner; perversely; wrongly;
unluckily.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With a tendency to use the left
hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many, in their infancy, are <i>sinistrously</i>
disposed, and divers continue all their life left-handed.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sink</hw> (s&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Sunk</u> (s&ubreve;&nsm;k), or (<u>Sank</u>
(s&abreve;&nsm;k)); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sunk</u> (obs.
<u>Sunken</u>, -- now used as <pos><i>adj.</i></pos>); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sinking</u>.] [OE. <i>sinken</i>, AS.
<i>sincan</i>; akin to D. <i>zinken</i>, OS. <i>sincan</i>, G.
<i>sinken</i>, Icel. <i>s&ouml;kkva</i>, Dan. <i>synke</i>, Sw.
<i>sjunka</i>, Goth. <i>siggan</i>, and probably to E. <i>silt</i>.
Cf. <u>Silt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fall by, or as by, the
force of gravity; to descend lower and lower; to decline gradually; to
subside; as, a stone <i>sinks</i> in water; waves rise and
<i>sink</i>; the sun <i>sinks</i> in the west.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>sink</i> in deep mire.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxix.
2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter deeply; to fall or retire beneath
or below the surface; to penetrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stone <i>sunk</i> into his forehead.</blockquote>
<i>1 San. xvii. 49.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to enter so as to make an abiding
impression; to enter completely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let these sayings <i>sink</i> down into your
ears.</blockquote> <i>Luke ix. 44.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be overwhelmed or depressed; to fall
slowly, as so the ground, from weakness or from an overburden; to fail
in strength; to decline; to decay; to decrease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I think our country <i>sinks</i> beneath the
yoke.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>sunk</i> down in his chariot.</blockquote> <i>2
Kings ix. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not the fire <i>sink</i> or slacken.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To decrease in volume, as a river; to
subside; to become diminished in volume or in apparent
height.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Alps and Pyreneans <i>sink</i> before
him.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To fall; subside; drop; droop; lower; decline;
decay; decrease; lessen.</p>

<p><hw>Sink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to sink; to put under water; to immerse or submerge in a fluid;
as, to <i>sink</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The Athenians] fell upon the wings and <i>sank</i> a
single ship.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucyd.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: To cause to decline; to
depress; to degrade; hence, to ruin irretrievably; to destroy, as by
drowping; as, to <i>sink</i> one's reputation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I raise of <i>sink</i>, imprison or set
free.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I have a conscience, let it <i>sink</i>
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy cruel and unnatural lust of power<BR>
Has <i>sunk</i> thy father more than all his years.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make (a depression) by digging, delving,
or cutting, etc.; as, to <i>sink</i> a pit or a well; to <i>sink</i> a
die.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bring low; to reduce in quantity; to
waste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>sunk</i> the river repeated
draughts.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To conseal and appropriate.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>If sent with ready money to buy anything, and you
happen to be out of pocket, <i>sink</i> the money, and take up the
goods on account.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To keep out of sight; to suppress; to
ignore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A courtly willingness to <i>sink</i> obnoxious
truths.</blockquote> <i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To reduce or extinguish by payment; as, to
<i>sink</i> the national debt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A drain
to carry off filthy water; a jakes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shallow box or vessel of wood, stone,
iron, or other material, connected with a drain, and used for
receiving filthy water, etc., as in a kitchen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hole or low place in land or rock, where
waters sink and are lost; -- called also <i>sink hole</i>.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sink hole</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The opening to
a sink drain</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A cesspool</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Same as <u>Sink</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, sinks.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A weight on
something, as on a fish line, to sink it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>In knitting machines, one of the thin plates, blades, or other
devices, that depress the loops upon or between the needles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dividing sinker</b></col>, <cd>in knitting machines, a
sinker between two jack sinkers and acting alternately with them.</cd>
-- <col><b>Jack sinker</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Jack</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Sinker bar</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In knitting machines, a bar to which one set
of the sinkers is attached</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In deep well
boring, a heavy bar forming a connection between the lifting rope and
the boring tools, above the jars.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sink"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sink</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sinking fund</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fund</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sinking head</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>a riser from
which the mold is fed as the casting shrinks. See <u>Riser</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Sinking pump</b></col>, <cd>a
pump which can be lowered in a well or a mine shaft as the level of
the water sinks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sin"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
sin.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sin"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sin"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has sinned;
especially, one who has sinned without repenting; hence, a persistent
and incorrigible transgressor; one condemned by the law of
God.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ner</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act as a
sinner.</def> [Humorous]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whether the charmer <i>sinner</i> it or saint
it.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ner*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
sins.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sin"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sennit</u>
.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sinologue</u>.] <def>Relating to the Chinese language or
literature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sinologue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"o*logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>Sinae</i>, an Oriental people mentioned by Ptolemy, or Ar.
<i>Sin</i> China or the Chinese + Gr. &?;&?;&?; discourse; formed like
<i>theologue</i>: cf. F. <i>sinologue</i>.] <def>A student of Chinese;
one versed in the Chinese language, literature, and history.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sinologie</i>.] <def>That branch of systemized knowledge which
treats of the Chinese, their language, literature, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"o*per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Sinople.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Si*no"pi*a</hw> (?), <hw>Si*no"pis</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A red pigment made from sinopite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"o*pite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>sinopis</i> (sc. <i>terra</i>), a red earth or ocher found in
<i>Sinope</i>, a town in Paphlagoma, on the Black Sea, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A brickred ferruginous clay used by
the ancients for red paint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"o*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Ferruginous quartz, of a blood-red or brownish red color,
sometimes with a tinge of yellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"o*ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>sinopis</i>. See <u>Sinople</u> a mineral.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The
tincture vert; green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sinque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cinque</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sins"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Banxring</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.  Cf. <u>Cinder</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Dross, as of iron; the scale which files from iron
when hammered; -- applied as a name to various minerals.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Calcareous sinter</b></col>, <cd>a loose banded variety of
calcite formed by deposition from lime-bearing waters; calcareous
tufa; travertine.</cd> -- <col><b>Ceraunian sinter</b></col>,
<cd>fulgurite.</cd> -- <col><b>Siliceous sinter</b></col>, <cd>a light
cellular or fibrous opal; especially, geyserite (see
<u>Geyserite</u>). It has often a pearly luster, and is then called
<i>pearl sinter</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sin"to</hw> (?), or <hw>Sin"tu</hw> (?), <hw>Sin"to*ism</hw>
(?), <hw>Sin"to*ist</hw>  }. <def>See <u>Shinto</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sin"toc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of spice
used in the East Indies, consisting of the bark of a species of
<i>Cinnamomum.</i></def> [Written also <i>sindoc</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sin"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sinuatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>sinuare</i> to wind, bend, fr. <i>sinus</i> a bend.]
<def>Having the margin alternately curved inward and outward; having
rounded lobes separated by rounded sinuses; sinuous; wavy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sinuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sinuating</u>.] <def>To bend or curve in and out; to wind; to turn;
to be sinuous.</def>  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"u*a`ted</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sinuate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sinuatio</i>.] <def>A winding or bending in and out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"u*ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sinuous.</def>
<i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin`u*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sinuosities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>sinuosit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quality or state of being sinuous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bend, or a series of bends and turns; a
winding, or a series of windings; a wave line; a curve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A line of coast certainly amounting, with its
<i>sinuosities</i>, to more than 700 miles.</blockquote> <i>Sydney
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sin"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sinuosus</i>,
fr. <i>sinus</i> a bent surface, a curve: cf. F. <i>sinueux</i>. See
<u>Sinus</u>.] <def>Bending in and out; of a serpentine or undulating
form; winding; crooked.</def> -- <wf>Sin"u*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Streaking the ground with <i>sinuous</i>
trace.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gardens bright with <i>sinuous</i> rills.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si`nu*pal"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a pallial sinus. See under
<u>Sinus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Sinus</b></plw>, E. <plw><b>Sinuses</b></plw> (#). [L., a bent
surface, a curve, the folds or bosom of a garment, etc., a bay.  Cf.
<u>Sine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opening;
a hollow; a bending.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bay of the sea; a recess in the
shore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cavity; a
depression.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cavity in a
bone or other part, either closed or with a narrow opening.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A dilated vessel or canal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A narrow, elongated cavity,
in which pus is collected; an elongated abscess with only a small
orifice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A depression between
adjoining lobes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A sinus may be rounded, as in the leaf of the white oak, or
acute, as in that of the red maple.</p>

<p><col><b>Pallial sinus</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Pallial</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sinus venosus</b></col> (?). [L.,
venous dilatation.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The main
part of the cavity of the right auricle of the heart in the higher
vertebrates.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In the lower vertebrates, a
distinct chamber of the heart formed by the union of the large
systematic veins and opening into the auricle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si"nus*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sinus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The curve whose ordinates are
proportional to the sines of the abscissas, the equation of the curve
being <i>y = a sin x</i>. It is also called the <i>curve of
sines</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`nus*oid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a sinusoid; like a sinusoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sio"goon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shogun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sio*goon"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Shogunate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sioux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>See <u>Dakotas</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sip</hw> (s&ibreve;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sipped</u> (s&ibreve;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sipping</u>.] [OE. <i>sippen</i>; akin to OD.
<i>sippen</i>, and AS. <i>s&umacr;pan</i> to sip, suck up, drink. See
<u>Sup</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drink
or imbibe in small quantities; especially, to take in with the lips in
small quantities, as a liquid; as, to <i>sip</i> tea.</def> "Every
herb that <i>sips</i> the dew."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw into the mouth; to suck up; as, a
bee <i>sips</i> nectar from the flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To taste the liquor of; to drink out
of.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>They skim the floods, and <i>sip</i> the purple
flowers.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sip</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drink a small
quantity; to take a fluid with the lips; to take a sip or sips of
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[She] raised it to her mouth with sober grace;<BR>
Then, <i>sipping</i>, offered to the next in place.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of sipping; the taking of a liquid with the lips.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small draught taken with the lips; a
slight taste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>sip</i> of this<BR>
Will bathe the drooping spirits in delight<BR>
Beyond the bliss of dreams.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sip</i> is all that the public ever care to take
from reservoirs of abstract philosophy.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sip"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seepage</u>.</def> [Scot. &amp; U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sipe</hw> (s&imacr;p), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seep</u>.</def> [Scot. &amp; U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Siph"i*lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phoid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sipho</i> a
siphon + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>vase sipho&iuml;de</i>.] <def>A siphon
bottle. See under <u>Siphon</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>siphon</i>, L.
<i>sipho</i>, <i>-onis</i>, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?; a siphon, tube, pipe.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A device, consisting of a pipe or tube bent so
as to form two branches or legs of unequal length, by which a liquid
can be transferred to a lower level, as from one vessel to another,
over an intermediate elevation, by the action of the pressure of the
atmosphere in forcing the liquid up the shorter branch of the pipe
immersed in it, while the continued excess of weight of the liquid in
the longer branch (when once filled) causes a continuous flow. The
flow takes place only when the discharging extremity of the pipe ia
lower than the higher liquid surface, and when no part of the pipe is
higher above the surface than the same liquid will rise by atmospheric
pressure; that is, about 33 feet for water, and 30 inches for mercury,
near the sea level.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the tubes or folds of the mantle border of a bivalve or gastropod
mollusk by which water is conducted into the gill cavity. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Mya</u>, and <u>Lamellibranchiata</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The anterior prolongation of the margin of
any gastropod shell for the protection of the soft siphon.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The tubular organ through which water is
ejected from the gill cavity of a cephaloid. It serves as a locomotive
organ, by guiding and confining the jet of water. Called also
<i>siphuncle</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Loligo</u>, and
<u>Dibranchiata</u>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The siphuncle of a
cephalopod shell.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The sucking proboscis
of certain parasitic insects and crustaceans.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A sproutlike prolongation in front of the
mouth of many gephyreans.</def> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>A tubular
organ connected both with the esophagus and the intestine of certain
sea urchins and annelids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A siphon bottle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Inverted siphon</b></col>, <cd>a tube bent like a siphon,
but having the branches turned upward; specifically <i>(Hydraulic
Engineering)</i>, a pipe for conducting water beneath a depressed
place, as from one hill to another across an intervening valley,
following the depression of the ground.</cd> -- <col><b>Siphon
barometer</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Barometer</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Siphon bottle</b></col>, <cd>a bottle for holding a&euml;rated
water, which is driven out through a bent tube in the neck by the gas
within the bottle when a valve in the tube is opened; -- called also
<i>gazogene</i>, and <i>siphoid</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Siphon
condenser</b></col>, <cd>a condenser for a steam engine, in which the
vacuum is maintained by the downward flow of water through a vertical
pipe of great height.</cd> -- <col><b>Siphon cup</b></col>, <cd>a cup
with a siphon attached for carrying off any liquid in it; specifically
<i>(Mach.)</i>, an oil cup in which oil is carried over the edge of a
tube in a cotton wick, and so reaches the surface to be
lubricated.</cd> -- <col><b>Siphon gauge</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Gauge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Siphon pump</b></col>, <cd>a jet pump.
See under <u>Jet</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To convey, or draw off, by means of a siphon, as a liquid from
one vessel to another at a lower level.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The action of a
siphon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a siphon; resembling a siphon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Siphonal stomach</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
stomach which is tubular and bent back upon itself, like a siphon, as
in the salmon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*na"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of limpet-shaped
pulmonate gastropods of the genus <i>Siphonaria</i>. They cling to
rocks between high and low water marks and have both lunglike organs
and gills.</def> -- <wf>Si`pho*na"rid</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Si`pho*na"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of bivalve mollusks in which the
posterior mantle border is prolonged into two tubes or siphons. Called
also <i>Siphoniata</i>. See <u>Siphon</u>, 2 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, and
<u>Quahaug</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a siphon or siphons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the
Siphonata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the two dorsal tubular organs on the hinder part of the
abdomen of aphids. They give exit to the honeydew. See <i>Illust.</i>
under <u>Aphis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*pho"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A former name for a euphorbiaceous genus
(<i>Hevea</i>) of South American trees, the principal source of
caoutchouc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*pho`ni*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Siphonata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a siphon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*phon"i*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sipho</i>, <i>-onis</i>, siphon + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any cephalopod having a siphonate
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phon*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Siphon</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Siphon-bearing, as the
shell of the nautilus and other cephalopods.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*pho"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Siphonia</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, dim. of
&?;&?;&?;&?;. See <u>Siphon</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A bony tube
which, in some birds, connects the tympanium with the air chambers of
the articular piece of the mandible.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si`pho*no*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL. See <u>Siphon</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A tribe of gastropods having the mantle border, on one or both
sides, prolonged in the form of a spout through which water enters the
gill cavity. The shell itself is not always siphonostomatous in this
group.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1346 !></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*no*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a siphon, or siphons, to convey water
to the gills; belonging or pertaining to the Siphonobranchiata.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Siphonobranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*nog"ly*phe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Siphon</i>
+  Gr. &?;&?;&?; to engrave.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
gonidium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si`pho*noph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?; a siphon + &?;&?;&?;&?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An order of pelagic Hydrozoa including species which form complex
free-swimming communities composed of numerous zooids of various
kinds, some of which act as floats or as swimming organs, others as
feeding or nutritive zooids, and others as reproductive zooids. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Physallia</u>, and <u>Porpita</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*noph"o*ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Belonging to the Siphonophora.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Siphonophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*phon"o*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Siphonophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si`pho*nop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Siphon</u>, and <u>-poda</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of Scaphopoda including those in which the foot terminates in a
circular disk.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si`pho*no*stom"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Siphon</u>, and <u>Stoma</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tribe of parasitic copepod Crustacea
including a large number of species that are parasites of fishes, as
the lerneans. They have a mouth adapted to suck blood.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An artificial division of gastropods
including those that have siphonostomatous shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*no*stom"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having the front edge of
the aperture of the shell prolonged in the shape of a channel for the
protection of the siphon; -- said of certain gastropods.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to the Siphonostomata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*nos"tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; a
siphon + &?;&?;&?; mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any parasitic entomostracan of the tribe Siphonostomata.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A siphonostomatous shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*rhi"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Siphon</i> +
<i>rhinal</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having tubular nostrils, as
the petrels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si`pho*rhin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A siphorhinal bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phun`cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>siphunculus</i>, <i>sipunculus</i>, dim. of <i>sipho</i>. See
<u>Siphon</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The tube which runs through
the partitions of chambered cephalopod shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"phun`cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having a siphuncle; siphunculated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*phun"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the siphuncle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*phun"cu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a siphuncle.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sip"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Insipid</u>,
<u>Sapid</u>.] <def>Having a taste or flavorl savory; sapid.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whi
sips.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sip"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sip</u>,
<u>Sop</u>.] <def>A small sop; a small, thin piece of toasted bread
soaked in milk, broth, or the like; a small piece of toasted or fried
bread cut into some special shape and used for garnishing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your sweet <i>sippets</i> in widows'
houses.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sip"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>sip</i>.] <def>To sip often.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sip"pling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sipping
often.</def> [Obs.] "Taken after a <i>sippling</i> sort."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Si*pun`cu*la"ce*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from <i>Sipunculus</i>, the typical genus. See <u>Siphuncle</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of Gephyrea, including those which
have the body unarmed and the intestine opening anteriorly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*pun"cu*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Sipunculus</i>, the typical genus + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Sipunculoidea.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Sipunculoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*pun`cu*loi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as
<u>Gephyrea</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a restricted sense,
same as <u>Sipunculacea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si` quis"</hw> (?). [L., if any one (the first words of the
notice in Latin).] <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i> <def>A notification by a
candidate for orders of his intention to inquire whether any
impediment may be alleged against him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sire</i>, F.
<i>sire</i>, contr. from the nominative L. <i>senior</i> an elder,
elderly person, compar. of <i>senex</i>,<i>senis</i>, an aged person;
akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?; old, Skr. <i>sana</i>, Goth. <i>sineigs</i> old,
<i>sinista</i> eldest, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>sean</i> old, W. <i>hen</i>.
Cf. <u>Seignior</u>, <u>Senate</u>, <u>Seneschal</u>, <u>Senior</u>,
<u>Senor</u>, <u>Signor</u>, <u>Sire</u>, <u>Sirrah</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man of social authority and dignity; a lord;
a master; a gentleman; -- in this sense usually spelled
<i>sire</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was crowned lord and <i>sire</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the election of a <i>sir</i> so rare.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A title prefixed to the Christian name of a
knight or a baronet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sir</i> Horace Vere, his brother, was the principal
in the active part.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An English rendering of the LAtin
<i>Dominus</i>, the academical title of a bachelor of arts; --
formerly colloquially, and sometimes contemptuously, applied to the
clergy.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Instead of a faithful and painful teacher, they hire a
<i>Sir</i> John, which hath better skill in playing at tables, or in
keeping of a garden, than in God's word.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A respectful title, used in addressing a
man, without being prefixed to his name; -- used especially in
speaking to elders or superiors; sometimes, also, used in the way of
emphatic formality.</def> "What's that to you, <i>sir</i>?"
<i>Sheridan.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Anciently, this title, was often used when a person was
addressed as a man holding a certain office, or following a certain
business. "<i>Sir</i> man of law." "<i>Sir</i> parish priest."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sir reverance</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Reverence</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Si*ras"kier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seraskier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*ras"kier*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seraskierate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir*bo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Serbonian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir*car"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. &amp; Per.
<i>sark&amacr;r</i> a superintendant, overseer, chief; Per. <i>sar</i>
the head + <i>k&amacr;r</i> action, work.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
Hindoo clerk or accountant.</def> [India]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A district or province; a circar.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The government; the supreme authority of
the state.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Sir*dar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. &amp; Per.
<i>sard&amacr;r</i> a chief, general; <i>sar</i> the head, top +
<i>d&amacr;r</i> holding, possessing.] <def>A native chief in
Hindostan; a headman.</def>  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sire</i>,
originally, an older person. See <u>Sir</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A lord, master, or other person in authority. See
<u>Sir</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pain and distress, sickness and ire,<BR>
And melancholy that angry <i>sire</i>,<BR>
Be of her palace senators.</blockquote> <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tittle of respect formerly used in
speaking to elders and superiors, but now only in addressing a
sovereign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A father; the head of a family; the
husband.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jankin thet was our <i>sire</i> [i.e.,
husband].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And raise his issue, like a loving
<i>sire</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A creator; a maker; an author; an
originator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] was the <i>sire</i> of an immortal
strain.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The male parent of a beast; -- applied
especially to horses; as, the horse had a good <i>sire</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sire</i> is often used in composition; as in
grand<i>sire</i>, grandfather; great-grand<i>sire</i>, great-
grandfather.</p>

<p><hw>Sire</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Siring</u>.] <def>To beget; to procreate; -- used of beasts, and
especially of stallions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*re"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?;&?;&?; a siren.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larval form of any
salamander while it still has external gills; especially, one of those
which, like the axolotl (<i>Amblystoma Mexicanum</i>), sometimes lay
eggs while in this larval state, but which under more favorable
conditions lose their gills and become normal salamanders. See also
<u>Axolotl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"ren</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;:
cf. F. <i>sir&egrave;ne</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i>
<def>One of three sea nymphs, -- or, according to some writers, of
two, -- said to frequent an island near the coast of Italy, and to
sing with such sweetness that they lured mariners to
destruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Next where the <i>sirens</i> dwell you plow the
seas;<BR>
Their song is death, and makes destruction please.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An enticing, dangerous woman.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something which is insidious or
deceptive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Consumption is a <i>siren</i>.</blockquote> <i>W.
Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mermaid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any long, slender
amphibian of the genus <i>Siren</i> or family <i>Sirenid&aelig;</i>,
destitute of hind legs and pelvis, and having permanent external gills
as well as lungs. They inhabit the swamps, lagoons, and ditches of the
Southern United States. The more common species (<i>Siren
lacertina</i>) is dull lead-gray in color, and becames two feet
long.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [F. <i>sir&egrave;ne</i>, properly, a siren in
sense 1.] <i>(Acoustics)</i> <def>An instrument for producing musical
tones and for ascertaining the number of sound waves or vibrations per
second which produce a note of a given pitch. The sounds are produced
by a perforated rotating disk or disks. A form with two disks operated
by steam or highly compressed air is used sounding an alarm to vessels
in fog.</def> [Written also <i>sirene</i>, and <i>syren</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Si"ren</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
siren; bewitching, like a siren; fascinating; alluring; as, a
<i>siren</i> song.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*rene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Siren</u>,
6.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*re"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of large aquatic herbivorous
mammals, including the manatee, dugong, rytina, and several fossil
genera.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The hind limbs are either rudimentary or wanting, and the
front ones are changed to paddles. They have horny plates on the front
part of the jaws, and usually flat-crowned molar teeth. The stomach is
complex and the intestine long, as in other herbivorous mammals. See
<u>Cetacea</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</p>

<p><hw>Si*re"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of Sirenia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*ren"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or
appropriate to, a siren; fascinating; deceptive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here's couple of <i>sirenical</i> rascals shall enchant
ye.</blockquote> <i>Marton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si"ren*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use the
enticements of a siren; to act as a siren; to fascinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si*ri"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?; the Dog Star, properly, scorching.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sunstroke.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act of exposing to a sun bath. [Obs.] Cf.
<u>Insolation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir"i*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;,
properly, scorching.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The Dog Star. See <u>Dog
Star</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir"keer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of Asiatic cuckoos of the genus
<i>Taccocua</i>, as the Bengal <i>sirkeer</i> (<i>T.
sirkee</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir"loin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>surloin</i>. Not so called because this cut of beef was once
jocosely knighted (dubbed Sir Loin) by an English king, as according
to a popular story.] <def>A loin of beef, or a part of a loin.</def>
[Written also <i>surloin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sir"name`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Surname</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"roc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sirocco</u>.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*roc"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Siroccos</b></plw> (?). [It. <i>sirocco</i>, <i>scirocco</i>,
Ar. <i>shorug</i>, fr. <i>sharq</i> the rising of the sun, the east,
fr, <i>sharaca</i> to rise as the sun.  Cf. <u>Saracen</u>.] <def>An
oppressive, relaxing wind from the Libyan deserts, chiefly experienced
in Italy, Malta, and Sicily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir"rah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from Icel.
<i>s&imacr;ra</i>, fr. F. <i>sire</i>. See <u>Sir</u>.] <def>A term of
address implying inferiority and used in anger, contempt, reproach, or
disrespectful familiarity, addressed to a man or boy, but sometimes to
a woman. In sililoquies often preceded by <i>ah</i>. Not used in the
plural.</def> "Ah, <i>sirrah</i> mistress."
  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, <i>sirrah</i>, to my cell.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sirt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Syrt</u>.] <def>A
quicksand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sir"up</hw> (?) <hw>Syr"up</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sirop</i> (cf. It. <i>siroppo</i>, Sp. <i>jarabe</i>,
<i>jarope</i>, LL. <i>siruppus</i>, <i>syrupus</i>), fr. Ar.
<i>shar&amacr;b</i> a drink, wine, coffee, sirup.  Cf.
<u>Sherbet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thick and viscid liquid
made from the juice of fruits, herbs, etc., boiled with
sugar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thick and viscid saccharine solution of
superior quality (as sugarhouse <i>sirup</i> or molasses, maple
<i>sirup</i>); specifically, in pharmacy and often in cookery, a
saturated solution of sugar and water (<i>simple sirup</i>), or such a
solution flavored or medicated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lucent <i>sirups</i> tinct with cinnamon.</blockquote>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Mixing sirup</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Dextrose</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sir"uped</hw> (?), <hw>Syr"uped</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Moistened, covered, or sweetened with sirup, or sweet
juice.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sir"up*y</hw> (?), <hw>Syr"up*y</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like sirup, or partaking of its qualities.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sir`vente"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sirvente</i>, fr. Pr. <i>sirventes</i>, <i>sirventesc</i>,
originally, the poem of, or concerning, a <i>sirvent</i>, fr.
<i>sirvent</i>, properly, serving, n., one who serves (<i>e. g.</i>,
as a soldier), fr. <i>servir</i> to serve, L. <i>servire</i>.] <def>A
peculiar species of poetry, for the most part devoted to moral and
religious topics, and commonly satirical, -- often used by the
troubadours of the Middle Ages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A colloquial
abbreviation of <u>Sister</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Six. See
<u>Sise</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Si*sal" grass`</hw> (?), <hw>Si*sal" hemp`</hw> (?),}
<def>The prepared fiber of the <i>Agave Americana</i>, or American
aloe, used for cordage; -- so called from <i>Sisal</i>, a port in
Yucatan. See <i>Sisal hemp</i>, under <u>Hemp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis"co*wet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF American Indian
origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, fat variety of the
namaycush found in Lake Superior; -- called also <i>siskawet</i>,
<i>siskiwit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Assize</u>.]
<def>An assize.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sice</u>.]
<def>Six; the highest number on a die; the cast of six in throwing
dice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the new casting of a die, when ace is on the top,
<i>sise</i> must needs be at the bottom.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>ziesel</i>.
Cf. <u>Zizel</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The suslik.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cider. See
<u>Sicer</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sis"e*ra*ra</hw> (?), <hw>Sis"e*ra*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hard blow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. <i>sisgen</i>; cf.
Sw. <i>siska</i>, G. <i>zeisig</i>, D. <i>sijsje</i>; of Slav. origin;
cf. Pol. <i>czy&?;</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A small green and yellow European finch (<i>Spinus spinus</i>, or
<i>Carduelis spinus</i>); -- called also <i>aberdevine</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The American pinefinch (<i>S. pinus</i>); --
called also <i>pine siskin</i>. See <u>Pinefinch</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is applied also to several other related species
found in Asia and South America.</p>

<p><col><b>Siskin green</b></col>, <cd>a delicate shade of yellowish
green, as in the mineral torbernite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ki*wit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The siscowet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seismograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Seismometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siss</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Of imitative origin;
cf. D. <i>sissen</i>, G. <i>zischen</i>.] <def>To make a hissing
sound; as, a flatiron hot enough to <i>siss</i> when touched with a
wet finger.</def> [Colloq. U. S.; Local, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Siss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hissing noise.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sis*soo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>s&imacr;s&?;</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leguminous tree
(<i>Dalbergia Sissoo</i>) of the northern parts of India; also, the
dark brown compact and durable timber obtained from it. It is used in
shipbuilding and for gun carriages, railway ties, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sist</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>sistere</i> to
bring to a stand, to stop.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i>
<def>To stay, as judicial proceedings; to delay or suspend; to
stop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to take a place, as at the bar of
a court; hence, to cite; to summon; to bring into court.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some, however, have preposterously <i>sisted</i> nature
as the first or generative principle.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1347 !></p>

<p><hw>Sist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A
stay or suspension of proceedings; an order for a stay of
proceedings.</def>  <i>Burril.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sister</i>, fr.
Icel. systir; also <i>suster</i>, from AS. <i>sweostor</i>,
<i>sweoster</i>, <i>swuster</i>, akin to OFries. <i>sweester</i>,
<i>suster</i>, LG. <i>s&uuml;ster</i>, <i>suster</i>, D.
<i>zuster</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>swestar</i>, G. <i>schwester</i>, Icel.
<i>systir</i>, Sw. <i>syster</i>, Dan. <i>s&ouml;ster</i>, Goth.
<i>swistar</i>, Lith. <i>ses&?;</i>, Russ. <i>sestra</i>, Pol.
<i>siostra</i>, L. <i>soror</i>, Skr. <i>svasr</i>. &radic;298.  Cf.
<u>Cousin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A female who has the same
parents with another person, or who has one of them only. In the
latter case, she is more definitely called a <i>half sister</i>. The
correlative of <i>brother</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am the <i>sister</i> of one Claudio.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman who is closely allied to, or
assocciated with, another person, as in the sdame faith, society,
order, or community.</def>  <i>James ii. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the same kind, or of the same
condition; -- generally used adjectively; as, <i>sister</i>
fruits.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sister Block</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a tackle block
having two sheaves, one above the other.</cd> -- <col><b>Sister
hooks</b></col>, <cd>a pair of hooks fitted together, the shank of one
forming a mousing for the other; -- called also <i>match
hook</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sister of charity</b></col>, <col><b>Sister
of mercy</b></col>. <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Charity</u>,
and <u>Mercy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be sister to; to
resemble closely.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ter*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sister</i> +
<i>hood</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or relation of being a
sister; the office or duty of a sister.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She . . . abhorr'd<BR>
Her proper blood, and left to do the part<BR>
Of <i>sisterhood</i>, to do that of a wife.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A society of sisters; a society of women
united in one faith or order; sisters, collectively.</def> "A
<i>sisterhood</i> of holy nuns."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fair young flowers . . . a beauteous
<i>sisterhood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contiguous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ter-in-law`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sisters-in-law</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The sister of one's
husband or wife; also, the wife of one's brother; sometimes, the wife
of one's husband's or wife's brother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a sister;
becoming a sister, affectionate; as, <i>sisterly</i> kindness;
<i>sisterly</i> remorse.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sis"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[It. <i>sistino</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Pope Sixtus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sistine chapel</b></col>, <cd>a chapel in the Vatican at
Rome, built by Pope Sixtus IV., and decorated with frescoes by Michael
Angelo and others.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sis"tren</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Sisters.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sis"trum</hw> (?), [L., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;, from &?;&?;&?; to
shake.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument consisting of a thin metal
frame, through which passed a number of metal rods, and furnished with
a handle by which it was shaken and made to rattle. It was peculiarly
Egyptian, and used especially in the worship of Isis. It is still used
in Nubia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis`y*phe"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
Sisyphus; incessantly recurring; as, <i>Sisyphean</i>
labors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sis"y*phus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sisyphus</i>,
Sisyphus, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>A king of
Corinth, son of &AElig;olus, famed for his cunning. He was killed by
Theseus, and in the lower world was condemned by Pluto to roll to the
top of a hill a huge stone, which constantly rolled back again, making
his task incessant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sit</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>obs. 3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos>
of <u>Sit</u>, for <i>sitteth</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Sat</u> (?) (<u>Sate</u> (?), archaic); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Sat</u> (<u>Sitten</u> (?), obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sitting</u>.] [OE. <i>sitten</i>, AS.  <i>sittan</i>;
akin to OS. <i>sittian</i>, OFries. <i>sitta</i>, D. <i>zitten</i>, G.
<i>sitzen</i>, OHG. <i>sizzen</i>, Icel. <i>sitja</i>, SW.
<i>sitta</i>, Dan. <i>sidde</i>, Goth. <i>sitan</i>, Russ.
<i>sidiete</i>, L. <i>sedere</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr. <i>sad</i>.
&radic;154.  Cf. <u>Assess</u>,<u>Assize</u>, <u>Cathedral</u>,
<u>Chair</u>, <u>Dissident</u>, <u>Excise</u>, <u>Insidious</u>,
<u>Possess</u>, <u>Reside</u>, <u>Sanhedrim</u>, <u>Seance</u>,
<u>Seat</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Sedate</u>, <u>4th Sell</u>,
<u>Siege</u>, <u>Session</u>, <u>Set</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<u>Sizar</u>, <u>Size</u>, <u>Subsidy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
rest upon the haunches, or the lower extremity of the trunk of the
body; -- said of human beings, and sometimes of other animals; as, to
<i>sit</i> on a sofa, on a chair, or on the ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he came and took the book put of the right hand of
him that <i>sate</i> upon the seat.</blockquote> <i>Bible (1551) (Rev.
v. 7.)</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I pray you, jest, sir, as you <i>sit</i> at
dinner.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perch; to rest with the feet drawn up,
as birds do on a branch, pole, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remain in a state of repose; to rest; to
abide; to rest in any position or condition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Moses said to . . . the children of Reuben, Shall
your brothren go to war, and shall ye <i>sit</i> here?</blockquote>
<i>Num. xxxii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a demigod here <i>sit</i> I in the
sky.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To lie, rest, or bear; to press or weigh; -
- with <i>on</i>; as, a weight or burden <i>sits</i> lightly upon
him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The calamity <i>sits</i> heavy on us.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be adjusted; to fit; as, a coat
<i>sts</i> well or ill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This new and gorgeous garment, majesty,<BR>
<i>Sits</i> not so easy on me as you think.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To suit one well or ill, as an act; to
become; to befit; -- used impersonally.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To cover and warm eggs for hatching, as a
fowl; to brood; to incubate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the partridge <i>sitteth</i> on eggs, and hatcheth
them not.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xvii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To have position, as at the point blown
from; to hold a relative position; to have direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a good miller that knows how to grind, which way
soever the wind <i>sits</i>.</blockquote> <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sits</i> the wind in that quarter?</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To occupy a place or seat as a member of an
official body; as, to <i>sit</i> in Congress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To hold a session; to be in session for
official business; -- said of legislative assemblies, courts, etc.;
as, the court <i>sits</i> in January; the aldermen <i>sit</i> to-
night.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To take a position for the purpose of
having some artistic representation of one's self made, as a picture
or a bust; as, to <i>sit</i> to a painter.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>To sit at</b></col>, <cd>to rest under; to be subject
to.</cd> [Obs.] "A farmer can not husband his ground so well if he
<i>sit at</i> a great rent". <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>To sit at
meat</b></col> or <col><b>at table</b></col>, <cd>to be at table for
eating.</cd> -- <col><b>To sit down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To place one's self on a chair or other seat; as, <i>to sit
down</i> when tired</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To begin a siege;
as, the enemy <i>sat down</i> before the town</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To settle; to fix a permanent abode</cd>.
<i>Spenser.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To rest; to cease as
satisfied.</cd> "Here we can not <i>sit down</i>, but still proceed in
our search." <i>Rogers.</i> -- <col><b>To sit for a
fellowship</b></col>, <cd>to offer one's self for examination with a
view to obtaining a fellowship.</cd> [Eng. Univ.] -- <col><b>To sit
out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be without engagement or
employment</cd>. [Obs.] <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To outstay.</cd> -- <col><b>To sit under</b></col>, <cd>to be
under the instruction or ministrations of; as, <i>to sit under</i> a
preacher; <i>to sit under</i> good preaching.</cd> -- <col><b>To sit
up</b></col>, <cd>to rise from, or refrain from, a recumbent posture
or from sleep; to sit with the body upright; as, <i>to sit up</i> late
at night; also, to watch; as, <i>to sit up</i> with a sick
person.</cd> "He that was dead <i>sat up</i>, and began to speak."
<i>Luke vii. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To sit upon; to keep one's seat upon; as, he <i>sits</i> a horse
well.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hardly the muse can <i>sit</i> the headstrong
horse.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be seated or in a sitting
posture; to furnish a seat to; -- used reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>sat</i> them down to weep.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sit</i> you down, father; rest you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suit (well or ill); to become.</def>
[Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>situs</i>, fr.
<i>sinere</i>, <i>situm</i>, to let, p. p. <i>situs</i> placed, lying,
situate: cf. F. <i>site</i>.  Cf. <u>Position</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The place where anything is fixed; situation; local position; as,
the <i>site</i> of a city or of a house.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place fitted or chosen for any certain
permanent use or occupation; as, a <i>site</i> for a church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The posture or position of a thing.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The semblance of a lover fixed<BR>
In melancholy <i>site</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sit"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a site;
situated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[The garden] <i>sited</i> was in fruitful
soil.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sit"fast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sit</i> +
<i>fast</i>.] <def>Fixed; stationary; immovable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>'T is good, when you have crossed the sea and back,<BR>
To find the <i>sitfast</i> acres where you left them.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sit"fast`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
callosity with inflamed edges, on the back of a horse, under the
saddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sith</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep., adv., &amp; conj.</i></pos> [See
<u>Since</u>.] <def>Since; afterwards; seeing that.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We need not fear them, <i>sith</i> Christ is with
us.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sith</i> thou art rightful judge.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sith</hw> (?), <hw>Sithe</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. &?;&?;&?; a path, way, time, occasion.] <def>Time.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And humbly thanked him a thousand
<i>sithes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sithe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sigh</u>.]
<def>To sigh.</def> [A spelling of a corrupt and provincial
pronunciation.]</p>

<p><hw>Sithe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scythe.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sithe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut with a scythe;
to scythe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sithed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Scythed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sithe"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mower.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sith"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos> [See
<u>Since</u>.] <def>Since; afterwards. See 1st <u>Sith</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fortune was first friend and <i>sithen</i>
foe.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sith"ence</hw>, <hw>Sith"ens</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>adv. &
conj.</i></pos> <def>Since. See <u>Sith</u>, and <u>Sithen</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sith"then</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sithen</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Siththen</i> that the world began.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
food + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A treatise on the regulation of the diet;
dietetics.</def> [Written also <i>sitiology</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Si`to*pho"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; food + &?;&?;&?;&?; fear.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A version
to food; refusal to take nourishment.</def> [Written also
<i>sitiophobia</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sit"ten</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sit</u>, for <i>sat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sits; esp., one who sits for a portrait or a
bust.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bird that sits or incubates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sit"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>sitta</i> the
nuthatch, from Gr. &?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the family <i>Sittid&aelig;</i>, or
nuthatches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sit"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in the
state, or the position, of one who, or that which, sits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sit"ting</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
state or act of one who sits; the posture of one who occupies a
seat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A seat, or the space occupied by or
allotted for a person, in a church, theater, etc.; as, the hall has
800 <i>sittings</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or time of sitting, as to a
portrait painter, photographer, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The actual presence or meeting of any body
of men in their seats, clothed with authority to transact business; a
session; as, a <i>sitting</i> of the judges of the King's Bench, or of
a commission.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sitting</i> closed in great
agitation.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The time during which one sits while doing
something, as reading a book, playing a game, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the understanding of any one of St. Paul's Epistles
I read it all through at one <i>sitting</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A brooding over eggs for hatching, as by
fowls.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The male bird . . . amuses her [the female] with his
songs during the whole time of her <i>sitting</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sitting room</b></col>, <cd>an apartment where the members
of a family usually sit, as distinguished from a drawing-room, parlor,
chamber, or kitchen.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sit"u*ate</hw> (?; 135), <hw>Sit"u*a`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>situatus</i>, from <i>situare</i> to
place, fr. L. <i>situs</i> situation, site. See <u>Site</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a site, situation, or location; being
in a relative position; permanently fixed; placed; located; as, a town
<i>situated</i>, or <i>situate</i>, on a hill or on the
seashore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Placed; residing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pleasure <i>situate</i> in hill and dale.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Situate</i> is now less used than <i>situated</i>, but
both are well authorized.</p>

<p><hw>Sit"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
place.</def> [R.]  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sit`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>situatio</i>: cf. F. <i>situation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Manner in which an object is placed; location, esp. as related to
something else; position; locality site; as, a house in a pleasant
<i>situation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Position, as regards the conditions and
circumstances of the case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>situation</i> of the greatest ease and
tranquillity.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relative position; circumstances; temporary
state or relation at a moment of action which excites interest, as of
persons in a dramatic scene.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There's <i>situation</i> for you! there's an heroic
group!</blockquote> <i>Sheridan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Permanent position or employment; place;
office; as, a <i>situation</i> in a store; a <i>situation</i> under
government.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- State; position; seat; site; station; post; place;
office; condition; case; plight. See <u>State</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Si"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., situation.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The method in which the parts of a plant are
arranged; also, the position of the parts.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sitz" bath`</hw> (?). [G. <i>sitzbad</i>.] <def>A tub in which
one bathes in a sitting posture; also, a bath so taken; a hip
bath.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>Civa</i>,
properly, kind, gracious.] <i>(Hindoo Myth.)</i> <def>One of the triad
of Hindoo gods. He is the avenger or destroyer, and in modern worship
symbolizes the reproductive power of nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Si"van</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>s&imacr;v&amacr;n</i>.] <def>The third month of the Jewish
ecclesiastical year; -- supposed to correspond nearly with our month
of June.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Siv`a*the"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from E.
<i>Siva</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a beast, an animal.] <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A genus of very large extinct ruminants found in the Tertiary
formation of India. The snout was prolonged in the form of a
proboscis. The male had four horns, the posterior pair being large and
branched. It was allied to the antelopes, but very much larger than
any exsisting species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To simmer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Siv"vens</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sibbens</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"win</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sewen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>six</i>,
<i>seox</i>, <i>siex</i>; akin to OFries. <i>sex</i>, D. <i>zes</i>,
OS. &amp; OHG. <i>sehs</i>, G. <i>sechs</i>, Icel., Sw., &amp; Dan.
<i>sex</i>, Goth. <i>sa&iacute;hs</i>, Lith. <i>szeszi</i>, Russ.
<i>sheste</i>, Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>se</i>, W. <i>chwech</i>, L. <i>sex</i>,
Gr. &?;&?;, Per. <i>shesh</i>, Skr. <i>shash</i>. &radic;304.  Cf.
<u>Hexagon</u>, <u>Hexameter</u>, <u>Samite</u>, <u>Senary</u>,
<u>Sextant</u>, <u>Sice</u>.] <def>One more than five; twice three;
as, <i>six</i> yards.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Six Nations</b></col> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>, <cd>a confederation
of North American Indians formed by the union of the Tuscaroras and
the Five Nations.</cd> -- <col><b>Six points circle</b></col>.
<i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See <i>Nine points circle</i>, under
<u>Nine</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Six</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
number greater by a unit than five; the sum of three and three; six
units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing six units, as 6, vi.,
or VI.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be at six and seven</b></col> or <col><b>at sixes and
sevens</b></col>, <cd>to be in disorder.</cd> <i>Bacon. Shak.
Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Six"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sixfealand</i>.] <def>Six times repeated; six times as much or as
many.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"-foot`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is six
feet tall.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Six"pence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sixpences</b></plw> (&?;). <def>An English silver coin of the
value of six pennies; half a shilling, or about twelve
cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"pen`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the value of,
or costing, sixpence; as, a <i>sixpenny</i> loaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"score`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [<i>Six</i> +
<i>score</i>, n.] <def>Six times twenty; one hundred and
twenty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"-shoot`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pistol or
other firearm which can be fired six times without reloading
especially, a six-chambered revolver.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Six"teen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sixt&?;ne</i>,
<i>sixt&?;ne</i>. See <u>Six</u>, and <u>Ten</u>, and cf.
<u>Sixty</u>.] <def>Six and ten; consisting of six and ten; fifteen
and one more.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"teen`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The number greater by a unit than fifteen; the sum of ten and
six; sixteen units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing sixteen units, as 16,
or xvi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six*teen"mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sixteenmos</b></plw> (&?;). <def>See
<u>Sextodecimo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"teenth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Sixteen</u>: cf. AS. <i>sixte&oacute;&?;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sixth after the tenth; next in order after the
fifteenth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of sixteen equal
parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sixteenth note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the sixteenth
part of a whole note; a semiquaver.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Six"teenth`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quotient of a unit divided by sixteen; one of sixteen equal
parts of one whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The next in order after the fifteenth; the
sixth after the tenth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An interval comprising two
octaves and a second.</def>  <i>Moore (Encyc. of Music.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Sixth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Six: cf. AS.
<i>sixta</i>, <i>siexta</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>First after the
fifth; next in order after the fifth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of six equal
parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1348 !></p>

<p><hw>Sixth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quotient of a unit divided by six; one of six equal parts
which form a whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The next in order after the
fifth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The interval embracing six
diatonic degrees of the scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sixth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the sixth
place.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Six"ti*eth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [As.
<i>sixtiogo&eth;a</i>, <i>sixtigo&eth;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Next in order after the fifty-ninth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one one of sixty
equal parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"ti*eth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quotient of a unit divided by sixty; one of sixty equal parts
forming a whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The next in order after the fifty-ninth;
the tenth after the fiftieth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>siextig</i>; akin
to G. <i>sechzig</i>, Goth. <i>sa&iacute;hs tigjus</i>. See
<u>Six</u>, <u>Ten</u>, and cf. <u>Sixteen</u>.] <def>Six times ten;
fifty-nine and one more; threescore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six"ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sixties</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sum of
six times ten; sixty units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing sixty units, as 60,
lx., or LX.</def></p>

<p><hw>Six`ty-fourth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Constituting
or being one of sixty-four equal parts into which a thing is
divided.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sixty-fourth note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the sixty-
fourth part of a whole note; a hemi-demi-semiquaver.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Siz"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of considerable size or bulk.</def> "A <i>sizable</i> volume."
<i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being of reasonable or suitable size; as,
<i>sizable</i> timber; <i>sizable</i> bulk.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si"zar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a body of
students in the universities of Cambridge (Eng.) and Dublin, who,
having passed a certain examination, are exempted from paying college
fees and charges. A <i>sizar</i> corresponded to a <i>servitor</i> at
Oxford.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sizar</i> paid nothing for food and tuition, and
very little for lodging.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; They formerly waited on the table at meals; but this is done
away with. They were probably so called from being thus employed in
distributing the <i>size</i>, or provisions. See 4th <u>Size</u>,
2.</p>

<p><hw>Si"zar*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The position or
standing of a sizar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Size</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sice</u>, and
<u>Sise</u>.] <def>Six.</def></p>

<p><hw>Size</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OIt. <i>sisa</i> glue used
by painters, shortened fr. <i>assisa</i>, fr. <i>assidere</i>, p. p.
<i>assiso</i>, to make to sit, to seat, to place, L. <i>assidere</i>
to sit down; <i>ad</i> + <i>sidere</i> to sit down, akin to
<i>sedere</i> to sit. See <u>Sit</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Assize</u>, <u>Size</u> bulk.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin, weak
glue used in various trades, as in painting, bookbinding, paper
making, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any viscous substance, as gilder's
varnish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Size</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sizing</u>.] <def>To cover with size; to prepare with
size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Size</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from <i>assize</i>.
See <u>Assize</u>, and cf. <u>Size</u> glue.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A settled quantity or allowance. See <u>Assize</u>.</def> [Obs.]
"To scant my <i>sizes</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Univ. of Cambridge, Eng.)</i> <def>An
allowance of food and drink from the buttery, aside from the regular
dinner at commons; -- corresponding to <i>battel</i> at
Oxford.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Extent of superficies or volume; bulk;
bigness; magnitude; as, the <i>size</i> of a tree or of a mast; the
<i>size</i> of a ship or of a rock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Figurative bulk; condition as to rank,
ability, character, etc.; as, the office demands a man of larger
<i>size</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of a less <i>size</i> and quality.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The middling or lower <i>size</i> of
people.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A conventional relative measure of
dimension, as for shoes, gloves, and other articles made up for
sale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An instrument consisting of a number of
perforated gauges fastened together at one end by a rivet, -- used for
ascertaining the size of pearls.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Size roll</b></col>, <cd>a small piese of parchment added
to a roll.</cd> -- <col><b>Size stick</b></col>, <cd>a measuring stick
used by shoemakers for ascertaining the size of the foot.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dimension; bigness; largeness; greatness;
magnitude.</p>

<p><hw>Size</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
fix the standard of.</def> "To <i>size</i> weights and measures." [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adjust or arrange according to size or
bulk.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To
take the height of men, in order to place them in the ranks according
to their stature.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To
sift, as pieces of ore or metal, in order to separate the finer from
the coarser parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To swell; to increase the bulk of.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To bring or adjust anything
exactly to a required dimension, as by cutting.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To size up</b></col>, <cd>to estimate or ascertain the
character and ability of. See 4th <u>Size</u>, 4.</cd> [Slang,
U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We had <i>to size up</i> our fellow
legislators.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Size</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take greater size; to increase in size.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our desires give them fashion, and so,<BR>
As they wax lesser, fall, as they <i>size</i>, grow.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Univ. of Cambridge, Eng.)</i> <def>To order
food or drink from the buttery; hence, to enter a score, as upon the
buttery book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Adjusted according to size.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a particular size or magnitude; --
chiefly used in compounds; as, large-<i>sized</i>; common-
<i>sized</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Scissel</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Sizar</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
instrument or contrivance to size articles, or to determine their size
by a standard, or to separate and distribute them according to
size.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument or tool for
bringing anything to an exact size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siz"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sizy; viscousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siz"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act
of covering or treating with size.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weak glue used in various trades;
size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siz"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of sorting with respect to size.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of bringing anything to a certain
size.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Univ. of Cambridge, Eng.)</i> <def>Food and
drink ordered from the buttery by a student.</def></p>

<p><hw>Siz"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 2d <u>Size</u>.]
<def>Sizelike; viscous; glutinous; as, <i>sizy</i> blood.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Siz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sizzled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sizzling</u> (?).] [See <u>Siss</u>.] <def>To make a hissing sound;
to fry, or to dry and shrivel up, with a hissing sound.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Colloq. U. S.]  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Siz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hissing sound, as of
something frying over a fire.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Siz"zling</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sizzle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>scath</i>.]
<def>Hurt; damage.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hurtful.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skad"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The larva of a bee.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An
additional piece fastened to the keel of a boat to prevent lateral
motion. See <u>Skeg</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skein</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Skain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Skean</u>.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skains"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps
originally, a companion in winding thread (see <u>Skein</u>), or a
companion in arms, from <i>skain</i> a sword (see <u>Skean</u>).]
<def>A messmate; a companion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Scurvy knave! I am none of his firt-gills; I am none of
his <i>skainsmates</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skaith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scatch</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skald</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 5th
<u>Scald</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skald"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scaldic</u>.</def>  <i>Max M&uuml;ller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skall</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To scale; to
mount.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Skar</hw> (?), <hw>Skare</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[From the root of <i>scare</i>.] <def>Wild; timid; shy.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scarf</u> a
cormorant.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The shag.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>schaats</i>.  Cf.
<u>Scatches</u>.] <def>A metallic runner with a frame shaped to fit
the sole of a shoe, -- made to be fastened under the foot, and used
for moving rapidly on ice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Batavia rushes forth; and as they sweep,<BR>
On sounding <i>skates</i>, a thousand different ways,<BR>
In circling poise, swift as the winds, along,<BR>
The then gay land is maddened all to joy.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Roller skate</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Roller</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skating</u>.] <def>To move on skates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skata</i>; cf. Prov.
G. <i>schatten</i>, meer<i>-schatten</i>, L. <i>squatus</i>,
<i>squatina</i>, and E. <i>shad</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one
of numerous species of large, flat elasmobranch fishes of the genus
<i>Raia</i>, having a long, slender tail, terminated by a small caudal
fin. The pectoral fins, which are large and broad and united to the
sides of the body and head, give a somewhat rhombic form to these
fishes. The skin is more or less spinose.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some of the species are used for food, as the European blue
or gray skate (<i>Raia batis</i>), which sometimes weighs nearly 200
pounds. The American smooth, or barn-door, skate (<i>R.
l&aelig;vis</i>) is also a large species, often becoming three or four
feet across. The common spiny skate (<i>R. erinacea</i>) is much
smaller.</p>

<p><col><b>Skate's egg</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Sea purse</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Skate sucker</b></col>, <cd>any marine leech of the genus
<i>Pontobdella</i>, parasitic on skates.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who skates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of hemipterous insects belonging to <i>Gerris</i>,
<i>Pyrrhocoris</i>, <i>Prostemma</i>, and allied genera. They have
long legs, and run rapidly over the surface of the water, as if
skating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ska"tol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;, dung +
<i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A constituent of human
f&aelig;ces formed in the small intestines as a product of the
putrefaction of albuminous matter. It is also found in reduced indigo.
Chemically it is methyl indol, C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>9</sub>N.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skayles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>[&radic;159.]
Skittles.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Skean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir <i>sgian</i>; akin to
Gael. <i>sgian</i>, W. <i>ysgien</i> a large knife, a scimiter.]
<def>A knife or short dagger, esp. that in use among the Highlanders
of Scotland. [Variously spelt.]</def> "His <i>skean</i>, or pistol."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ske*dad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Skedaddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Skedaddling</u> (?).] [Of uncertain etymology.]
<def>To betake one's self to flight, as if in a panic; to flee; to run
away.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. <i>ski</i>; Icel.
<i>sk&imacr;&?;</i> a billet of wood. See <u>Skid</u>.] <def>A long
strip of wood, curved upwards in front, used on the foot for
sliding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skeed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skeel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skj&?;la</i> a
pail, bucket.] <def>A shallow wooden vessel for holding milk or
cream.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Skeel"duck`</hw> (?), <hw>Skeel"goose`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sheldrake</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The common European sheldrake.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skeet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A scoop with a long handle, used to wash the sides
of a vessel, and formerly to wet the sails or deck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skeg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E., also a stump of
a branch, a wooden peg; cf. Icel. <i>sk&?;gr</i> a wood, Sw.
<i>skog</i>.  Cf. <u>Shaw</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of wild
plum.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A kind of oats.</def>  <i>Farm.
Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The after part of the keel
of a vessel, to which the rudder is attached.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skeg"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The parr.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skein</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>skeyne</i>, OF.
<i>escaigne</i>, F. <i>&eacute;cagne</i>, probably of Celtic origin;
cf. Ir. <i>sgainne</i>, Gael. <i>sgeinnidh</i> thread, small twine; or
perhaps the English word is immediately from Celtic.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quantity of yarn, thread, or the like, put
up together, after it is taken from the reel, -- usually tied in a
sort of knot.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>skein</i> of cotton yarn is formed by eighty turns of
the thread round a fifty-four inch reel.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Wagon Making)</i> <def>A metallic
strengthening band or thimble on the wooden arm of an axle.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skein</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
flight of wild fowl (wild geese or the like).</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skeine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <def>To deceive; to cheat; to trick.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skel"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vagrant; a
cheat.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Skel"drake`</hw> (?), or <hw>Skiel"drake`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
common European sheldrake.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The oyster
catcher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A skeleton. See
<u>Scelet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the skeleton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel`e*tog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Skeleton</i> + <i>-genous</i>.] <def>Forming or producing parts of
the skeleton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel`e*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Skeleton</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy which treats of the
skeleton; also, a treatise on the skeleton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"e*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; (sc. &?;&?;&?;) a dried body, a mummy, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
dried up, parched, &?;&?;&?;&?; to dry, dry up, parch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The bony
and cartilaginous framework which supports the soft parts of a
vertebrate animal.</def> [See <i>Illust.</i> of the Human Skeleton, in
Appendix.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The more or less firm or hardened
framework of an invertebrate animal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a wider sense, the skeleton includes the whole
connective-tissue framework with the integument and its appendages.
See <u>Endoskeleton</u>, and <u>Exoskeleton</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence, figuratively: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
very thin or lean person.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The framework
of anything; the principal parts that support the rest, but without
the appendages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>skeleton</i> of the world.</blockquote>
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The heads and outline of a literary
production, especially of a sermon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"e*ton</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or
resembling, a skeleton; consisting merely of the framework or
outlines; having only certain leading features of anything; as, a
<i>skeleton</i> sermon; a <i>skeleton</i> crystal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skeleton bill</b></col>, <cd>a bill or draft made out in
blank as to the amount or payee, but signed by the acceptor.</cd>
[Eng.] -- <col><b>Skeleton key</b></col>, <cd>a key with nearly the
whole substance of the web filed away, to adapt it to avoid the wards
of a lock; a master key; -- used for opening locks to which it has not
been especially fitted.</cd> -- <col><b>Skeleton leaf</b></col>, <cd>a
leaf from which the pulpy part has been removed by chemical means, the
fibrous part alone remaining.</cd> -- <col><b>Skeleton
proof</b></col>, <cd>a proof of a print or engraving, with the
inscription outlined in hair strokes only, such proofs being taken
before the engraving is finished.</cd> -- <col><b>Skeleton
regiment</b></col>, <cd>a regiment which has its complement of
officers, but in which there are few enlisted men.</cd> --
<col><b>Skeleton shrimp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
crustacean of the genus <i>Caprella</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>L&aelig;modipoda</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skel"e*ton*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Skeletonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Skeletonizing</u> (?).] <def>To prepare a skeleton of;
also, to reduce, as a leaf, to its skeleton.</def>  <i>Pop. Sci.
Monthly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skel"e*ton*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small moth whose larva eats the
parenchyma of leaves, leaving the skeleton; as, the apple-leaf
<i>skeletonizer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. <i>schelm</i>,
fr. G. <i>schelm</i>.] <def>A scoundrel.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]
<i>Pepys. Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skel"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>skele</i>, Sw. <i>skela</i>.] <def>To squint.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skel"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A squint.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skelp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E. <i>skelp</i>
to kick severely, to move rapidly; Gael. <i>sgealp</i>, n., a slap
with the palm of the hand, v., to strike with the palm of the hand.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blow; a smart stroke.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Brockett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A squall; also, a heavy fall of rain.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skelp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strike; to
slap.</def> [Scot.]  <i>C. Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skelp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrought-iron plate from
which a gun barrel or pipe is made by bending and welding the edges
together, and drawing the thick tube thus formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Helter-
skelter</u>.] <def>To run off helter-skelter; to hurry; to scurry; --
with <i>away</i> or <i>off</i>.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>A. R.
Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sken</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To squint.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skean</u>.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skep</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skeppa</i> a
measure, bushel; cf. Gael. <i>sgeap</i> a basket, a beehive.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A coarse round farm basket.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A beehive.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skep"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>skeptiko`s</grk> thoughtful, reflective, fr.
<grk>ske`ptesqai</grk> to look carefully or about, to view, consider:
cf. L. <i>scepticus</i>, F. <i>sceptique</i>. See <u>Scope</u>.]
[Written also <i>sceptic</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is yet
undecided as to what is true; one who is looking or inquiring for what
is true; an inquirer after facts or reasons.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1349 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>A doubter as to whether
any fact or truth can be certainly known; a universal doubter; a
Pyrrhonist; hence, in modern usage, occasionally, a person who
questions whether any truth or fact can be established on
philosophical grounds; sometimes, a critical inquirer, in opposition
to a dogmatist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All this criticism [of Hume] proceeds upon the
erroneous hypothesis that he was a dogmatist. He was a <i>skeptic</i>;
that is, he accepted the principles asserted by the prevailing
dogmatism: and only showed that such and such conclusions were, on
these principles, inevitable.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A person who doubts the
existence and perfections of God, or the truth of revelation; one who
disbelieves the divine origin of the Christian religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Suffer not your faith to be shaken by the sophistries
of <i>skeptics</i>.</blockquote> <i>S. Clarke.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word and its derivatives are often written with
<i>c</i> instead of <i>k</i> in the first syllable, -- <i>sceptic</i>,
<i>sceptical</i>, <i>scepticism</i>, etc. Dr. Johnson, struck with the
extraordinary irregularity of giving <i>c</i> its hard sound before
<i>e</i>, altered the spelling, and his example has been followed by
most of the lexicographers who have succeeded him; yet the prevalent
practice among English writers and printers is in favor of the other
mode. In the United States this practice is reversed, a large and
increasing majority of educated persons preferring the orthography
which is most in accordance with etymology and analogy.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Infidel; unbeliever; doubter. -- See
<u>Infidel</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Skep"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Skep"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also <i>sceptic</i>, <i>sceptical</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a sceptic or skepticism;
characterized by skepticism; hesitating to admit the certainly of
doctrines or principles; doubting of everything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Doubting or denying the
truth of revelation, or the sacred Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>skeptical</i> system subverts the whole
foundation of morals.</blockquote> <i>R. Hall.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Skep"tac*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Skep"tic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Skep"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>scepticisme</i>.] [Written also <i>scepticism</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An undecided, inquiring state of mind; doubt;
uncertainty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That momentary amazement, and irresolution, and
confusion, which is the result of <i>skepticism</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hune.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The doctrine that no fact
or principle can be certainly known; the tenet that all knowledge is
uncertain; Pyrrohonism; universal doubt; the position that no fact or
truth, however worthy of confidence, can be established on
philosophical grounds; critical investigation or inquiry, as opposed
to the positive assumption or assertion of certain
principles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A doubting of the truth of
revelation, or a denial of the divine origin of the Christian
religion, or of the being, perfections, or truth of God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let no . . . secret <i>skepticism</i> lead any one to
doubt whether this blessed prospect will be realized.</blockquote>
<i>S. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skep"ti*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To doubt;
to pretend to doubt of everything.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>skepticize</i>, where no one else will . . .
hesitate.</blockquote> <i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sker"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Skerries</b></plw> (#). [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel.
<i>sker</i>, Sw. <i>sk&auml;r</i>, Dan. <i>ski&?;r</i>.  Cf.
<u>Scar</u> a bank.] <def>A rocky isle; an insulated rock.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sketch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>schets</i>, fr.
It. <i>schizzo</i> a sketch, a splash (whence also F. <i>esquisse</i>;
cf. <u>Esquisse</u>.); cf. It. <i>schizzare</i> to splash, to sketch.]
<def>An outline or general delineation of anything; a first rough or
incomplete draught or plan of any design; especially, in the fine
arts, such a representation of an object or scene as serves the
artist's purpose by recording its chief features; also, a preliminary
study for an original work.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Outline; delineation; draught; plan; design.  --
<u>Sketch</u>, <u>Outline</u>, <u>Delineation</u>. An <i>outline</i>
gives only the bounding lines of some scene or picture. A
<i>sketch</i> fills up the <i>outline</i> in part, giving broad
touches, by which an imperfect idea may be conveyed. A
<i>delineation</i> goes further, carrying out the more striking
features of the picture, and going so much into detail as to furnish a
clear conception of the whole. Figuratively, we may speak of the
<i>outlines</i> of a plan, of a work, of a project, etc., which serve
as a basis on which the subordinate parts are formed, or of
<i>sketches</i> of countries, characters, manners, etc., which give us
a general idea of the things described.  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sketch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sketched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sketching</u>.] [Cf D. <i>schetsen</i>, It. <i>schizzare</i>. See
<u>Sketch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw
the outline or chief features of; to make a rought of.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To plan or describe by giving the principal
points or ideas of.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To delineate; design; draught; depict.</p>

<p><hw>Sketch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make sketches, as
of landscapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sketch"book`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book of sketches
or for sketches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sketch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sketches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sketch"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sketchy
or incomplete manner.</def> "<i>Sketchily</i> descriptive."
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sketch"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sketchy; lack of finish; incompleteness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sketch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing only an
outline or rough form; being in the manner of a sketch;
incomplete.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The execution is <i>sketchy</i> throughout; the head,
in particular, is left in the rough.</blockquote> <i>J. S.
Harford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skew</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>scheef</i>.
Dan. <i>ski&?;v</i>, Sw. <i>skef</i>, Icel. <i>skeifr</i>, G.
<i>schief</i>, also E. <i>shy</i>, a. &amp; v. i.] <def>Awry; obliquely;
askew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skew</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Turned or twisted to one
side; situated obliquely; skewed; -- chiefly used in technical
phrases.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skew arch</b></col>, <cd>an oblique arch. See under
<u>Oblique</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Skew back</b></col>. <i>(Civil
Engin.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The course of masonry, the stone,
or the iron plate, having an inclined face, which forms the abutment
for the voussoirs of a segmental arch</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
plate, cap, or shoe, having an inclined face to receive the nut of a
diagonal brace, rod, or the end of an inclined strut, in a truss or
frame.</cd> -- <col><b>Skew bridge</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bridge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Skew
curve</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a curve of double curvature, or a
twisted curve. See <i>Plane curve</i>, under <u>Curve</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Skew gearing</b></col>, or <col><b>Skew bevel
gearing</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>toothed gearing, generally
resembling bevel gearing, for connecting two shafts that are neither
parallel nor intersecting, and in which the teeth slant across the
faces of the gears.</cd> -- <col><b>Skew surface</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a ruled surface such that in general two
successive generating straight lines do not intersect; a warped
surface; as, the helicoid is a <i>skew surface</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Skew symmetrical determinant</b></col> <i>(Alg.)</i>, <cd>a
determinant in which the elements in each column of the matrix are
equal to the elements of the corresponding row of the matrix with the
signs changed, as in (1), below.</cd></p>

<p><i>
(1)  <matrix><row>0 2 -3</row><row>-2 0 5</row><row>3 -5
0</row></matrix>   (2)  <matrix><row>4 -1 7</row><row>1 8 -
2</row><row>-7 2 1</row></matrix>
</i></p>

<p>   This requires that the numbers in the diagonal from the upper
left to lower right corner be zeros. A like determinant in which the
numbers in the diagonal are not zeros is a <i>skew determinant</i>, as
in (2), above.</p>

<p><hw>Skew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A stone
at the foot of the slope of a gable, the offset of a buttress, or the
like, cut with a sloping surface and with a check to receive the
coping stones and retain them in place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skew</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skewing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To walk obliquely; to go
sidling; to lie or move obliquely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Child, you must walk straight, without
<i>skewing</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To start aside; to shy, as a horse.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To look obliquely; to squint; hence, to
look slightingly or suspiciously.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Skew</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shape or form in an
oblique way; to cause to take an oblique position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw or hurl obliquely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skew"bald`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked with
spots and patches of white and some color other than black; -- usually
distinguished from <i>piebald</i>, in which the colors are properly
white and black. Said of horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of Scand,
origin; cf. Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>skifer</i> a slate.  Cf. <u>Shuver</u> a
fragment.] <def>A pin of wood or metal for fastening meat to a spit,
or for keeping it in form while roasting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Meat well stuck with <i>skewers</i> to make it look
round.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skew"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skewered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skewering</u>.] <def>To fasten with skewers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skid</hw> (sk&ibreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>sk&imacr;&eth;</i> a billet of wood. See <u>Shide</u>.] [Written
also <i>skeed</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shoe or clog, as of
iron, attached to a chain, and placed under the wheel of a wagon to
prevent its turning when descending a steep hill; a drag; a skidpan;
also, by extension, a hook attached to a chain, and used for the same
purpose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of timber used as a support, or to
receive pressure.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Large fenders hung over a vessel's side to protect
it in handling a cargo.</def> <i>Totten.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of a pair of timbers or bars, usually arranged so as to form
an inclined plane, as form a wagon to a door, along which anything is
moved by sliding or rolling.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of a
pair of horizontal rails or timbers for supporting anything, as a
boat, a barrel, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skid</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skidded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skidding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To protect or support with a
skid or skids; also, to cause to move on skids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To check with a skid, as wagon
wheels.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skid"daw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The black guillemot.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skid"pan`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Skid</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skied</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sky</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ski"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skyey</u>.</def>  <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skiff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>esquif</i>, fr.
OHG. <i>skif</i>, G. <i>schiff</i>. See <u>Ship</u>.] <def>A small,
light boat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pilot of some small night-foundered
<i>skiff</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Skiff caterpillar</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
larva of a moth (<i>Limacodes scapha</i>); -- so called from its
peculiar shape.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skiff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skiffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skiffing</u>.] <def>To navigate in a skiff.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Skif"fling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Quarrying)</i>
<def>Rough dressing by knocking off knobs or projections;
knobbing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skil"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To beg; to
pilfer; to skelder.</def> [Prov. Eng.& Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skil"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skilful</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skil</i> a
distinction, discernment; akin to <i>skilja</i> to separate, divide,
distinguish, Sw. <i>skilja</i>,. <i>skille</i> to separate,
<i>skiel</i> reason, right, justice, Sw. <i>sk&auml;l</i> reason,
Lith. <i>skelli</i> to cleave.  Cf. <u>Shell</u>, <u>Shoal</u>, a
multitude.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Discrimination; judgment;
propriety; reason; cause.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> "As it was
<i>skill</i> and right." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For great <i>skill</i> is, he prove that he
wrought.</blockquote> [For with good reason he should test what he
created.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Knowledge; understanding.</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That by his fellowship he color might<BR>
Both his estate and love from <i>skill</i> of any wight.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor want we <i>skill</i> or art.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The familiar knowledge of any art or
science, united with readiness and dexterity in execution or
performance, or in the application of the art or science to practical
purposes; power to discern and execute; ability to perceive and
perform; expertness; aptitude; as, the <i>skill</i> of a
mathematician, physician, surgeon, mechanic, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Phocion, . . . by his great wisdom and <i>skill</i> at
negotiations, diverted Alexander from the conquest of
Athens.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where patience her sweet <i>skill</i>
imparts.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Display of art; exercise of ability;
contrivance; address.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Richard . . . by a thousand princely <i>skills</i>,
gathering so much corn as if he meant not to return.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any particular art.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Learned in one <i>skill</i>, and in another kind of
learning unskillful.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dexterity; adroitness; expertness; art; aptitude;
ability.  -- <u>Skill</u>, <u>Dexterity</u>, <u>Adroitness</u>.
<i>Skill</i> is more intelligent, denoting familiar knowledge united
to readiness of performance. <i>Dexterity</i>, when applied to the
body, is more mechanical, and refers to habitual ease of execution.
<i>Adroitness</i> involves the same image with <i>dexterity</i>, and
differs from it as implaying a general facility of movement
(especially in avoidance of danger or in escaping from a difficalty).
The same distinctions apply to the figurative sense of the words. A
man is <i>skillful</i> in any employment when he understands both its
theory and its practice. He is <i>dexterous</i> when he maneuvers with
great lightness. He is <i>adroit</i> in the use od quick, sudden, and
well-directed movements of the body or the mind, so as to effect the
object he has in view.</p>

<p><hw>Skill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To know; to
understand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>skill</i> the arts of expressing our
mind.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be knowing; to have understanding; to be dexterous in
performance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I can not <i>skill</i> of these thy ways.</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a difference; to signify; to
matter; -- used impersonally.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>skills</i> it, if a bag of stones or gold<BR>
About thy neck do drown thee?</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>skills</i> not talking of it.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skilled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having familiar
knowledge united with readiness and dexterity in its application;
familiarly acquainted with; expert; skillful; -- often followed by
<i>in</i>; as, a person <i>skilled</i> in drawing or
geometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skil"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escuelette</i>,
dim. of <i>escuelle</i> a porringer, F. <i>ecuelle</i>, fr. L.
<i>scutella</i>, dim. of <i>scutra</i>, <i>scuta</i>, a dish.  Cf.
<u>Scuttle</u> a basket.] <def>A small vessel of iron, copper, or
other metal, with a handle, used for culinary purpose, as for stewing
meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skill"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>skilful</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Discerning; reasonable;
judicious; cunning.</def> [Obs.] "Of <i>skillful</i> judgment."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessed of, or displaying, skill; knowing
and ready; expert; well-versed; able in management; as, a
<i>skillful</i> mechanic; -- often followed by <i>at</i>, <i>in</i>,
or <i>of</i>; as, <i>skillful</i> at the organ; <i>skillful</i> in
drawing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And they shall call the husbandman to mourning, and
such as are <i>skillful</i> of lamentations to wailing.</blockquote>
<i>Amos v. 16.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Expert; skilled; dexterous; adept; masterly; adroit;
clever; cunning.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Skill"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Skill"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Skil`li*ga*lee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
thin, weak broth or oatmeal porridge, served out to prisoners and
paupers in England; also, a drink made of oatmeal, sugar, and water,
sometimes used in the English navy or army.</def> [Written also
<i>skilligolee</i>, <i>skillygalee</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Skil"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sheeling</u>.]
<def>A bay of a barn; also, a slight addition to a cottage.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skil"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw. &amp; Dan. See
<u>Shilling</u>.] <def>A money od account in Sweden, Norwey, Denmark,
and North Germany, and also a coin. It had various values, from three
fourths of a cent in Norway to more than two cents in
L&uuml;beck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skill"-less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting
skill.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skilts</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A kind of large,
coarse, short trousers formerly worn.</def> [Local, U. S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skil"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The water
rail.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skim</hw> (sk&ibreve;m), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Skimmed</u> (sk&ibreve;md); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Skimming</u>.] [Cf. Sw. <i>skymma</i> to darken.
&radic;158. See <u>Scum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To clear (a
liquid) from scum or substance floating or lying thereon, by means of
a utensil that passes just beneath the surface; as, to <i>skim</i>
milk; to <i>skim</i> broth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take off by skimming; as, to <i>skim</i>
cream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass near the surface of; to brush the
surface of; to glide swiftly along the surface of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Homer describes Mercury as flinging himself from the
top of Olympus, and <i>skimming</i> the surface of the
ocean.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To read or examine superficially and
rapidly, in order to cull the principal facts or thoughts; as, to
<i>skim</i> a book or a newspaper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skim</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass lightly; to glide along in an even, smooth course; to glide along
near the surface.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not so when swift Camilla scours the plain,<BR>
Flies o'er the unbending corn, and <i>skims</i> along the
main.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hasten along with superficial
attention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>skim</i> over a science in a very superficial
survey.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put on the finishing coat of
plaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skim</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contraction of
<u>Skimming</u> and <u>Skimmed</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skim coat</b></col>, <cd>the final or finishing coat of
plaster.</cd> -- <col><b>Skim colter</b></col>, <cd>a colter for
paring off the surface of land.</cd> -- <col><b>Skim milk</b></col>,
<cd>skimmed milk; milk from which the cream has been taken.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skim</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Scum; refuse.</def>
<i>Bryskett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skim"back`</hw> (sk&ibreve;m"b&abreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The quillback.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skim"ble-scam`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [A
reduplication of <i>scamble</i>.] <def>Rambling; disorderly;
unconnected.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such a deal of <i>skimble-scamble</i>
stuff.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skim"i*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skimmington</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skim"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, skims; esp., a utensil with which liquids
are skimmed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
longwinged marine birds of the genus <i>Rhynchops</i>, allied to the
terns, but having the lower mandible compressed and much longer than
the upper one. These birds fly rapidly along the surface of the water,
with the lower mandible immersed, thus skimming out small fishes. The
American species (<i>R. nigra</i>) is common on the southern coasts of
the United States. Called also <i>scissorbill</i>, and
<i>shearbill</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
large bivalve shells, sometimes used for skimming milk, as the sea
clams, and large scallops.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1350 !></p>

<p><hw>Skim"mer*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skimmington</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skim"ming</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who skims.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is skimmed from the surface of a
liquid; -- chiefly used in the plural; as, the <i>skimmings</i> of
broth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skim"ming*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a skimming
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skim"ming*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain. Perhaps the name of some notorius scold.] <def>A word
employed in the phrase, <i>To ride Skimmington</i>; that is to ride on
a horse with a woman, but behind her, facing backward, carrying a
distaff, and accompanied by a procession of jeering neighbors making
mock music; a cavalcade in ridicule of a henpecked man. The custom was
in vogue in parts of England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skimp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skimped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skimping</u>.] [Cf. <u>Skinch</u>, <u>Scamp</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To slight; to do carelessly; to
scamp.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make insufficient allowance for; to
scant; to scrimp.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U. S.]
</p>

<p><hw>Skimp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To save; to be
parsimonious or niggardly.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skimp</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Scanty.</def> [Prov. Eng.
& Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>skinn</i>; akin
to Sw. <i>skinn</i>, Dan. <i>skind</i>, AS. <i>scinn</i>, G.
<i>schined</i> to skin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
external membranous integument of an animal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In man, and the vertebrates generally, the skin consist of
two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular <i>epidermis</i>,
<i>cuticle</i>, or <i>skarfskin</i>, composed of cells which are
constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown off
in the superficial, layers; and an inner sensitive, and vascular
<i>dermis</i>, <i>cutis</i>, <i>corium</i>, or <i>true skin</i>,
composed mostly of connective tissue.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The hide of an animal, separated from the
body, whether green, dry, or tanned; especially, that of a small
animal, as a calf, sheep, or goat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vessel made of skin, used for holding
liquids. See <u>Bottle</u>, 1.</def> "<i>Skins</i> of wine."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The bark or husk of a plant or fruit; the
exterior coat of fruits and plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That
part of a sail, when furled, which remains on the outside and covers
the whole.</def> <i>Totten.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The covering,
as of planking or iron plates, outside the framing, forming the sides
and bottom of a vessel; the shell; also, a lining inside the
framing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skin friction</b></col>, <col><b>Skin resistance</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the friction, or resistance, caused by the
tendency of water to adhere to the immersed surface (skin) of a
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Skin graft</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>a
small portion of skin used in the process of grafting. See
<u>Graft</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Skin
moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any insect which destroys the
prepared skins of animals, especially the larva of Dermestes and
Anthrenus.</cd> -- <col><b>Skin of the teeth</b></col>, <cd>nothing,
or next to nothing; the least possible hold or advantage.</cd> <i>Job
xix. 20.</i> -- <col><b>Skin wool</b></col>, <cd>wool taken from dead
sheep.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skinned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skinning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strip off the skin or
hide of; to flay; to peel; as, to <i>skin</i> an animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with skin, or as with skin; hence,
to cover superficially.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It will but <i>skin</i> and film the ulcerous
place.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strip of money or property; to
cheat.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Skin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
become covered with skin; as, a wound <i>skins</i> over.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce, in recitation, examination,
etc., the work of another for one's own, or to use in such exercise
cribs, memeoranda, etc., which are prohibited.</def> [College Cant,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skin"bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the skin
adhering closely and rigidly to the flesh; hidebound.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skinbound disease</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Sclerema neonatorum</i>, under <u>Sclerema</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skinch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Skinched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skinching</u>.] [Cf. <u>Scant</u>.] <def>To give scant measure; to
squeeze or pinch in order to effect a saving.</def> [Prev. Eng. &
Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skin"-deep`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not deeper than
the skin; hence, superficial.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skin"flint`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Skin</i> +
<i>flint</i>.] <def>A penurious person; a miser; a niggard.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skin"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Skinfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a skin can
hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>scincus</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;.] [Written also <i>scink</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of regularly scaled harmless lizards
of the family <i>Scincid&aelig;</i>, common in the warmer parts of all
the continents.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The officinal skink (<i>Scincus officinalis</i>) inhabits
the sandy plains of South Africa. It was believed by the ancients to
be a specific for various diseases. A common slender species (<i>Seps
tridactylus</i>) of Southern Europe was formerly believed to produce
fatal diseases in cattle by mere contact. The American skinks include
numerous species of the genus <i>Eumeces</i>, as the blue-tailed skink
(<i>E. fasciatus</i>) of the Eastern United States. The ground skink,
or ground lizard (<i>Oligosoma laterale</i>) inhabits the Southern
United States.</p>

<p><hw>Skink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skinked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skinking</u>.] [Icel. <i>skenja</i>; akin to Sw. <i>sk&auml;ka</i>,
Dan. <i>skienke</i>, AS.  <i>scencan</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>schenken</i>. As.
<i>scencan</i> is usually derived from <i>sceonc</i>, <i>sceanc</i>,
shank, a hollow bone being supposed to have been used to draw off
liquor from a cask. &radic;161. See <u>Shank</u>, and cf.
<u>Nunchion</u>.] <def>To draw or serve, as drink.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bacchus the wine them <i>skinketh</i> all
about.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such wine as Ganymede doth <i>skink</i> to
Jove.</blockquote> <i>Shirley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skink</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To serve or draw
liquor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Skink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Drink; also,
pottage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who serves
liquor; a tapster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skin"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no skin,
or a very thin skin; as, <i>skinless</i> fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skin"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who skins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who deals in skins, pelts, or
hides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skin"ni*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being skinny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skin"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting, or
chiefly consisting, of skin; wanting flesh.</def> "Her <i>skinny</i>
lips."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He holds him with a <i>skinny</i> hand.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Skep</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A basket. See <u>Skep</u>.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A basket on wheels, used in cotton
factories.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>An iron bucket, which
slides between guides, for hoisting mineral and rock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Sugar Manuf.)</i> <def>A charge of sirup in
the pans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A beehive; a skep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skip</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skipping</u>.] [OE. <i>skippen</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. Icel.
<i>skopa</i> run, <i>skoppa</i> to spin like a top, OSw. &amp; dial. Sw.
<i>skimmpa</i> to run, <i>skimpa</i>, <i>skompa</i>, to hop, skip; or
Ir. <i>sgiob</i> to snatch, Gael. <i>sgiab</i> to start or move
suddenly, to snatch, W. <i>ysgipio</i> to snatch.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To leap lightly; to move in leaps and hounds; -- commonly
implying a sportive spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lamb thy riot dooms to bleed to-day,<BR>
Had he thy reason, would he <i>skip</i> and play?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So she drew her mother away <i>skipping</i>, dancing,
and frisking fantastically.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To leave matters unnoticed, as in
reading, speaking, or writing; to pass by, or overlook, portions of a
thing; -- often followed by <i>over</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
leap lightly over; as, to <i>skip</i> the rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass over or by without notice; to omit;
to miss; as, to <i>skip</i> a line in reading; to <i>skip</i> a
lesson.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They who have a mind to see the issue may <i>skip</i>
these two chapters.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to skip; as, to <i>skip</i> a
stone.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Skip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A light
leap or bound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of passing over an interval from
one thing to another; an omission of a part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A passage from one sound to
another by more than a degree at once.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Skip kennel</b></col>, <cd>a lackey; a footboy.</cd>
[Slang.] <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Skip mackerel</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Bluefish</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skip"jack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An upstart.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An elater; a snap bug,
or snapping beetle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name given to several
kinds of a fish, as the common bluefish, the alewife, the bonito, the
butterfish, the cutlass fish, the jurel, the leather jacket, the
runner, the saurel, the saury, the threadfish, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A shallow sailboat with a
rectilinear or V-shaped cross section.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, skips.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young, thoughtless person.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The saury
(<i>Scomberesox saurus</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The cheese maggot. See <i>Cheese fly</i>,
under <u>Cheese</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of small butterflies of the family <i>Hesperiad&aelig;</i>; --
so called from their peculiar short, jerking flight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skip"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>schipper</i>. See
<u>Shipper</u>, and <u>Ship</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The master of a fishing or small trading vessel; hence, the
master, or captain, of any vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ship boy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skip"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>skip</i>,
E. <i>skipper</i>. See <u>Ship</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
boat; a skiff.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A little <i>skippet</i> floating did
appear.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small round box for keeping
records.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Skip"ping*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
skipping manner; by skips, or light leaps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skirl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.& i.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin,
and originally the same word as E. <i>shrill</i>.] <def>To utter in a
shrill tone; to scream.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skirl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shrill cry or
sound.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Skirl"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The missel thrush; -- so called from its harsh alarm note.</def>
[Prev. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skirl"crake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
turnstone.</def> [Prev. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skirl"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shrill cry or
sound; a crying shrilly; a skirl.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the <i>skirling</i> of the pipes cleft the air his
cold eyes softened.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. J. H. Ewing.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skirl"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small trout or salmon; -- a name used loosely.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skir"mish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skirmished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skirmishing</u>.] [OE. <i>skirmishen</i>, <i>scarmishen</i>, OF.
<i>escremir</i>, <i>eskermir</i>, to fence, fight, F. <i>escrimer</i>,
of German origin; cf. OHG. <i>scirmen</i> to protect, defend, G.
<i>schirmen</i>, OHG. <i>scirm</i>, <i>scerm</i>, protection, shield,
G. <i>schirm</i>; perhaps akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a sunshade.  Cf.
<u>Scaramouch</u>, <u>Scrimmage</u>.] <def>To fight slightly or in
small parties; to engage in a skirmish or skirmishes; to act as
skirmishers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skir"mish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>scarmishe</i>,
<i>scrymishe</i>. See <u>Skirmish</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slight fight in war; a light or desultory
combat between detachments from armies, or between detached and small
bodies of troops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slight contest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They never meet but there's a <i>skirmish</i> of
wit.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skir"mish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
skirmishes.</def> Specifically: <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Soldiers
deployed in loose order, to cover the front or flanks of an advancing
army or a marching column.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skirr</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scur</u>,
<u>Scurry</u>.] <def>To ramble over in order to clear; to scour.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skirr</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To scour; to scud; to
run.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Skirr</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
tern.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skir"ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corrupted form
equivalent to <i>sugarwort</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An umbelliferous
plant (<i>Sium, or Pimpinella, Sisarum</i>). It is a native of Asia,
but has been long cultivated in Europe for its edible clustered
tuberous roots, which are very sweet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skir"rhus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Scirrhus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skirt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>skyrt</i>, of
Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <i>skyrta</i> a shirt, Sw. <i>sk&ouml;rt</i>
a skirt, <i>skjorta</i> a shirt. See <u>Shirt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The lower and loose part of a coat, dress, or other like garment;
the part below the waist; as, the <i>skirt</i> of a coat, a dress, or
a mantle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A loose edging to any part of a
dress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A narrow lace, or a small <i>skirt</i> of ruffled
linen, which runs along the upper part of the stays before, and
crosses the breast, being a part of the tucker, is called the modesty
piece.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Border; edge; margin; extreme part of
anything</def> "Here in the <i>skirts</i> of the forest."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A petticoat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The diaphragm, or midriff, in
animals.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skirt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skirted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skirting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a skirt; to
surround.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Skirted</i> his loins and thighs with downy
gold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To border; to form the border or edge of;
to run along the edge of; as, the plain was <i>skirted</i> by rows of
trees.</def> "When sundown <i>skirts</i> the moor."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skirt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be on the border;
to live near the border, or extremity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Savages . . . who <i>skirt</i> along our western
frontiers.</blockquote> <i>S. S. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skirt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A skirting board.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Skirts, taken collectivelly; material for
skirts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skirting board</b></col>, <cd>the board running around a
room on the wall next the floor; baseboard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>skit</i>to
slide, as adj., hasty, precipitate, of Scand. origin, and akin to E.
<i>shoot</i>, v.t.; cf. Icel. <i>skyti</i>, <i>skytja</i>,
<i>skytta</i>, a marksman, shooter, <i>skj&omacr;ta</i> to shoot,
<i>sk&umacr;ta</i> a taunt. &radic;159. See <u>Shoot</u>.] <def>To
cast reflections on; to asperse.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Crose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
reflection; a jeer or gibe; a sally; a brief satire; a squib.</def>
<i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A similar vein satire upon the emptiness of writers is
given in his "Tritical Essay upon the Faculties of the Human Mind;"
but that is a mere <i>skit</i> compared with this strange
performance.</blockquote> <i>Leslie Stephen.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wanton girl; a light wench.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Skit"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Skit</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easily frightened;
timorous; shy; untrustworthy; as, a <i>skittish</i> colt.</def> "A
restiff, <i>skittish</i> jade."  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanton; restive; freakish; volatile;
changeable; fickle.</def> "<i>Skittish</i> Fortune's hall."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Skit"tish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Skit"tish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Skit"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to the
game of skittles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skittle alley</b></col>, <cd>an alley or court in which the
game of skittles is played.</cd> -- <col><b>Skittle ball</b></col>,
<cd>a disk or flattish ball of wood for throwing at the pins in the
game of skittles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skit"tle-dog`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The piked dogfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skit"tles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin.
&radic;159. See <u>Shoot</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Shuttle</u>, <u>Skit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>An English
game resembling ninepins, but played by throwing wooden disks, instead
of rolling balls, at the pins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skit"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Skittish</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rail; as, the water rail (called also
<i>skitty cock</i>, and <i>skitty coot</i>); the spotted crake
(<i>Porzana maruetta</i>), and the moor hen.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>sk&imacr;fa</i> a shaving, slice, E. <i>shive</i>, <i>sheave</i>.]
<def>The iron lap used by diamond polishers in finishing the facets of
the gem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pare or shave
off the rough or thick parts of (hides or leather).</def></p>

<p><hw>Skiv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Skewer</u>,
<u>Shiver</u> a fragment.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inferior quality
of leather, made of split sheepskin, tanned by immersion in sumac, and
dyed. It is used for hat linings, pocketbooks, bookbinding,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cutting tool or machine used in
splitting leather or skins, as sheepskins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ski"ving</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of paring or splitting leather or skins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece made in paring or splitting
leather; specifically, the part from the inner, or flesh,
side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sklayre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>schleier</i>.] <def>A vell.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sklere</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shelter; to
cover.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Skol"e*cite</hw> (?), <hw>Skol"e*zite</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Scolecite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skonce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sconce</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skop"ster</hw> (sk&obreve;p"st&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The saury.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skor"o*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Scorodite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skout</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
guillemot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sko"witz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Nisqually (American
Indian) name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The silver salmon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skreen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Screen</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Skrike</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To
shriek.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skrike</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
missel thrush.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Skrim"mage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scrimmage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skrimp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scrimp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skringe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scringe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skrite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The skrike.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sku"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sk&?;fr</i>,
<i>sk&?;mr</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any jager gull; especially,
the <i>Megalestris skua</i>; -- called also
<i>boatswain</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skue</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Skew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skulk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skulked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Skulking</u>.] [Of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. <i>skulke</i> to spare
or save one's self, to play the truant, Sw. <i>skolka</i> to be at
leisure, to shirk, Icel. <i>skolla</i>.  Cf. <u>Scowl</u>.] <def>To
hide, or get out of the way, in a sneaking manner; to lie close, or to
move in a furtive way; to lurk.</def> "Want <i>skulks</i> in holes and
crevices."  <i>W. C. Bryant.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Discovered and defeated of your prey,<BR>
You <i>skulked</i> behind the fence, and sneaked away.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skulk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>skollr</i>,
<i>skolli</i>, a fox, and E. <i>skulk</i>, v.i.] <def>A number of
foxes together.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1351 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Skulk</hw> (?), <hw>Skulk"er</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, skulks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skulk"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a skulking
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skull</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>School</u> a
multitude.] <def>A school, company, or shoal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A knavish <i>skull</i> of boys and girls did pelt at
him.</blockquote>  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These fishes enter in great flotes and
skulls.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skull</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>skulle</i>,
<i>sculle</i>, <i>scolle</i>; akin to Scot. <i>skull</i>,
<i>skoll</i>, a bowl, Sw. <i>skalle</i> skull, <i>skal</i> a shell,
and E. <i>scale</i>; cf. G. hirn<i>schale</i>, Dan. hierne<i>skal</i>.
Cf. <u>Scale</u> of a balance.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The skeleton of the head of a vertebrate animal, including the
brain case, or cranium, and the bones and cartilages of the face and
mouth. See <i>Illusts</i>. of <u>Carnivora</u>, of <i>Facial
angles</i> under <u>Facial</u>, and of <i>Skeleton</i>, in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In many fishes the skull is almost wholly cartilaginous but
in the higher vertebrates it is more or less completely ossified,
several bones are developed in the face, and the cranium is made up,
wholly or partially, of bony plates arranged in three segments, the
<i>frontal</i>, <i>parietal</i>, and <i>occipital</i>, and usually
closely united in the adult.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The head or brain; the seat of
intelligence; mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Skulls</i> that can not teach, and will not
learn.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A covering for the head; a skullcap.</def>
[Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let me put on my <i>skull</i> first.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sort of oar. See <u>Scull</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Skull and crossbones</b></col>, <cd>a symbol of death. See
<u>Crossbones</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skull"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A cap which fits the head closely; also, formerly, a headpiece of
iron sewed inside of a cap for protection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the labiate
genus <i>Scutellaria</i>, the calyx of whose flower appears, when
inverted, like a helmet with the visor raised.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Lophiomys.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mad-dog skullcap</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American
herb (<i>Scetellaria lateriflora</i>) formerly prescribed as a cure
for hydrophobia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skull"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A whaler's name
for a whale more than two years old.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skul"pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sculpin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skunk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from the Abenaki
(American Indian) <i>seganku</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
several species of American musteline carnivores of the genus
<i>Mephitis</i> and allied genera. They have two glands near the anus,
secreting an extremely fetid liquid, which the animal ejects at
pleasure as a means of defense.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common species of the Eastern United States (<i>Mephitis
mephitica</i>) is black with more or less white on the body and tail.
The spotted skunk (<i>Spilogale putorius</i>), native of the
Southwestern United States and Mexico, is smaller than the common
skunk, and is variously marked with black and white.</p>

<p><col><b>Skunk bird</b></col>, <col><b>Skunk blackbird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the bobolink; -- so called because the male,
in the breeding season, is black and white, like a skunk.</cd> --
<col><b>Skunk cabbage</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American aroid
herb (<i>Symplocarpus f&oelig;tidus</i>>) having a reddish hornlike
spathe in earliest spring, followed by a cluster of large cabbagelike
leaves. It exhales a disagreeable odor. Also called <i>swamp
cabbage</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Skunk porpoise</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Porpoise</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Skunk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>In games of chance and
skill: To defeat (an opponent) (as in cards) so that he fails to gain
a point, or (in checkers) to get a king.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Skunk"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The surf duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skunk"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The surf duck.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A duck (<i>Camptolaimus Labradorus</i>) which formerly inhabited
the Atlantic coast of New England. It is now supposed to be extinct.
Called also <i>Labrador duck</i>, and <i>pied duck</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skunk"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like the skunk,
especially in odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skunk"top`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The surf duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skunk"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Skunk cabbage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Scurry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sk&?;ta</i>;
akin to Sw. <i>skuta</i>, Dan. <i>skude</i>, D. <i>schuit</i>, Lg.
<i>sch&uuml;te</i>, and E. <i>schoot</i>, v.t.] <def>A boat; a small
vessel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir R. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skut"ter*ud*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Skutterud</i>, in Norway, whence it is obtained.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral of a bright metallic luster and tin-white to pale lead-
gray color. It consists of arsenic and cobalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sky</hw> (sk&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Skies</b></plw> (sk&imacr;z). [OE. <i>skie</i> a cloud, Icel.
<i>sk&ymacr;</i>; akin to Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>sky</i>; cf. AS.
<i>sc&umacr;a</i>, <i>sc&umacr;wa</i>, shadow, Icel. <i>skuggi</i>;
probably from the same root as E. <i>scum</i>. &radic;158. See
<u>Scum</u>, and cf. <u>Hide</u> skin, <u>Obscure</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cloud.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[A wind] that blew so hideously and high,<BR>
That it ne lefte not a <i>sky</i><BR>
In all the welkin long and broad.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a shadow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She passeth as it were a <i>sky</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The apparent arch, or vault, of heaven,
which in a clear day is of a blue color; the heavens; the firmament; -
- sometimes in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Norweyan banners flout the <i>sky</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The wheather; the climate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou wert better in thy grave than to answer with thy
uncovered body this extremity of the <i>skies</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sky</i> is often used adjectively or in the formation of
self-explaining compounds; as, <i>sky</i> color, <i>sky</i>light,
<i>sky</i>-aspiring, <i>sky</i>-born, <i>sky</i>-pointing, <i>sky</i>-
roofed, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Sky blue</b></col>, <cd>an azure color.</cd> -- <col><b>Sky
scraper</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a skysail of a triangular
form.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Under open sky</b></col>, <cd>out
of doors.</cd> "<i>Under open sky</i> adored." <i>Milton.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Sky</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Skied</u> (?) or <u>Skyed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Skying</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hang (a
picture on exhibition) near the top of a wall, where it can not be
well seen.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Brother Academicians who <i>skied</i> his
pictures.</blockquote> <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw towards the sky; as, to <i>sky</i>
a ball at cricket.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sky"-blue</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the blue
color of the sky; azure; as, a <i>sky-blue</i> stone.</def>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skyed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Surrounded by
sky.</def> [Poetic &amp; R.] "The <i>skyed</i> mountain."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skye" ter"ri*er</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Terrier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sky"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like the sky;
ethereal; being in the sky.</def> "<i>Skyey</i> regions."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sublime on the towers of my <i>skyey</i> bowers,<BR>
Lightning, my pilot, sits.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sky"-high`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Very
high.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sky"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like the sky, or
approaching the sky; lofty; ethereal.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sky"lark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A lark that mounts and sings as it files, especially the common
species (<i>Alauda arvensis</i>) found in Europe and in some parts of
Asia, and celebrated for its melodious song; -- called also <i>sky
laverock</i>. See under <u>Lark</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Australian skylark (<i>Cincloramphus cantillans</i>) is
a pipit which has the habit of ascending perpendicularly like a
skylark, but it lacks the song of a true lark.  The Missouri skylark
is a pipit (<i>Anthus Spraguei</i>) of the Western United States,
resembling the skylark in habit and song.</p>

<p><hw>Sky"lark"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of running
about the rigging of a vessel in sport; hence, frolicking; scuffing;
sporting; carousing.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sky"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A window placed
in the roof of a building, in the ceiling of a room, or in the deck of
a ship, for the admission of light from above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sky"rock`et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rocket that
ascends high and burns as it flies; a species of fireworks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sky"sail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
sail set next above the royal. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Sail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sky"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
sky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slab</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slabbe</i>, of
uncertain origin; perhaps originally meaning, a smooth piece, and akin
to <i>slape</i>, Icel. <i>sleipr</i> slippery, and E. <i>slip</i>, v.
i.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin piece of anything, especially of
marble or other stone, having plane surfaces.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An outside piece taken from a log or timber
in sawing it into boards, planks, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wryneck.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The slack part of a
sail.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slab line</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a line or small
rope by which seamen haul up the foot of the mainsail or
foresail.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slab</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>slaib</i>
mud, mire left on a river strand, and E. <i>slop</i> puddle.]
<def>Thick; viscous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Make the gruel thick and <i>slab</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is slimy or
viscous; moist earth; mud; also, a puddle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Slab"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slabbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slabbering</u>.] [OE. <i>slaberen</i>; akin to LG. &amp; D.
<i>slabbern</i>, G. <i>schlabbern</i>, LG. &amp; D. <i>slabben</i>, G.
<i>schlabben</i>, Icel. <i>slafra</i>.  Cf. <u>Slaver</u>,
<u>Slobber</u>, <u>Slubber</u>.] <def>To let saliva or some liquid
fall from the mouth carelessly, like a child or an idiot; to drivel;
to drool.</def> [Written also <i>slaver</i>, and <i>slobber</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Slab"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To wet and foul spittle, or as if with spittle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>slabbered</i> me over, from cheek to cheek, with
his great tongue.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spill liquid upon; to smear carelessly;
to spill, as liquid foed or drink, in careless eating or
drinking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The milk pan and cream pot so <i>slabbered</i> and
tost<BR>
That butter is wanting and cheese is half lost.</blockquote>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slab"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Spittle; saliva;
slaver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slab"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Slab</u>.]
<i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A saw for cutting slabs from
logs.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A slabbing machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slab"ber*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
slabbers, or drools; hence, an idiot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slab"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or covered
with, slabber or slab; slippery; sloppy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slab"bi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being slabby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slab"bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Slab</u>.]
<def>Adapted for forming slabs, or for dressing flat
surfaces.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slabbing machine</b></col>, <cd>a milling machine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slab"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Slabbier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slabbiest</u>.] [See <u>Slab</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thick;
viscous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They present you with a cup, and you must drink of a
<i>slabby</i> stuff.</blockquote> <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sloppy; slimy; miry. See
<u>Sloppy</u>.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slab"-sid`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having flat
sides; hence, tall, or long and lank.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Slack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Slag</u>.]
<def>Small coal; also, coal dust; culm.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>slakki</i> a slope
on a mountain edge.] <def>A valley, or small, shallow dell.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slack</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Slacker</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slackest</u>.] [OE.
<i>slak</i>, AS. <i>sleac</i>; akin to OS. <i>slak</i>, OHG.
<i>slah</i>, Prov. G. <i>schlack</i>, Icel. <i>slakr</i>, Sw.
<i>slak</i>; cf. Skr. <i>s&rsdot;j</i> to let loose, to throw.  Cf.
<u>Slake</u>.] <def>Lax; not tense; not hard drawn; not firmly
extended; as, a <i>slack</i> rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weak; not holding fast; as, a <i>slack</i>
hand.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Remiss; backward; not using due diligence
or care; not earnest or eager; as, <i>slack</i> in duty or
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord is not <i>slack</i> concerning his promise, as
some men count slackness.</blockquote> <i>2 Pet. iii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not violent, rapid, or pressing; slow;
moderate; easy; as, business is <i>slack</i>.</def> "With <i>slack</i>
pace."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>C&?;sar . . . about sunset, hoisting sail with a
<i>slack</i> southwest, at midnight was becalmed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Slack in stays</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>slow in going
about, as a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Slack water</b></col>, <cd>the time
when the tide runs slowly, or the water is at rest; or the interval
between the flux and reflux of the tide.</cd> -- <col><b>Slack-water
navigation</b></col>, <cd>navigation in a stream the depth of which
has been increased, and the current diminished, by a dam or
dams.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Loose; relaxed; weak; remiss; backward; abated;
diminished; inactive; slow; tardy; dull.</p>

<p><hw>Slack</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Slackly; as,
<i>slack</i> dried hops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part of anything that
hangs loose, having no strain upon it; as, the <i>slack</i> of a rope
or of a sail.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slack</hw> (?), <hw>Slack"en</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Slacked</u> (?),
<u>Slackened</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slacking</u>, <u>Slackening</u>.] [See <u>Slack</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become slack; to be
made less tense, firm, or rigid; to decrease in tension; as, a wet
cord <i>slackens</i> in dry weather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be remiss or backward; to be
negligent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lose cohesion or solidity by a chemical
combination with water; to slake; as, lime <i>slacks</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To abate; to become less violent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whence these raging fires<BR>
Will <i>slacken</i>, if his breath stir not their flames.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To lose rapidity; to become more slow; as,
a current of water <i>slackens</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To languish; to fail; to flag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To end; to cease; to desist; to
slake.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That through your death your lineage should
<i>slack</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They will not of that firste purpose
<i>slack</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slack</hw>, <hw>Slack"en</hw>, } <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render slack; to make less tense or firm;
as, to <i>slack</i> a rope; to <i>slacken</i> a bandage.</def>
<i>Wycklif (Acts xxvii. 40)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To neglect; to be remiss in.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Slack</i> not the pressage.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of cohesion by combining
chemically with water; to slake; as, to <i>slack</i> lime.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to become less eager; to repress;
to make slow or less rapid; to retard; as, to <i>slacken</i> pursuit;
to <i>slacken</i> industry.</def> "Rancor for to <i>slack</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I should be grieved, young prince, to think my
presence<BR>
Unbent your thoughts, and <i>slackened</i> 'em to arms.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In this business of growing rich, poor men should
<i>slack</i> their pace.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With such delay<BR>
Well plased, they <i>slack</i> their course.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause to become less intense; to
mitigate; to abate; to ease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To respite, or deceive, or <i>slack</i> thy pain<BR>
Of this ill mansion.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Air-slacked lime</b></col>, <cd>lime slacked by exposure to
the air, in consequence of the absorption of carton dioxide and water,
by which it is converted into carbonate of lime and hydrate of
lime.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slack"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A
spongy, semivitrifled substance which miners or smelters mix with the
ores of metals to prevent their fusion.</def> [Written also
<i>slakin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Slack"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a slack
manner.</def>  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slack"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being slack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sl&?;d</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little dell or valley; a flat piece of low,
moist ground.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sole of a plow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw. <i>slagg</i>, or LG.
<i>slacke</i>, whence G. <i>schlacke</i>; originally, perhaps, the
splinters struck off from the metal by hammering. See <u>Slay</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The dross, or
recrement, of a metal; also, vitrified cinders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The scoria of a volcano.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slag furnace</b></col>, or <col><b>Slag hearth</b></col>
<i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a furnace, or hearth, for extracting lead from
slags or poor ore.</cd> -- <col><b>Slag wool</b></col>, <cd>mineral
wool. See under <u>Mineral</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
slag; resembling slag; as, <i>slaggy</i> cobalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slaie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sley</u>.] <def>A
weaver's reed; a sley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slake</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slaking</u>.] [OE. <i>slaken</i> to render slack, to slake, AS.
<i>sleacian</i>, fr. <i>sleac</i> slack. See <u>Slack</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To allay; to quench; to extinguish; as, to <i>slake</i>
thirst.</def> "And <i>slake</i> the heavenly fire."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It could not <i>slake</i> mine ire nor ease my
heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mix with water, so that a true chemical
combination shall take place; to slack; as, to <i>slake</i>
lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
go out; to become extinct.</def> "His flame did <i>slake</i>."  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To abate; to become less decided.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To slacken; to become relaxed.</def> "When
the body's strongest sinews <i>slake</i>." [R.]  <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To become mixed with water, so that a true
chemical combination takes place; as, the lime
<i>slakes</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slake trough</b></col>, <cd>a trough containing water in
which a blacksmith cools a forging or tool.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slake"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable of being
slaked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slak"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>Slacken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slam</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slammed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slamming</u>.] [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <i>slamra</i>,
<i>slambra</i>, <i>sl&?;ma</i>, Norw. <i>slemba</i>, <i>slemma</i>,
dial. Sw. <i>sl&auml;mma</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shut with
force and a loud noise; to bang; as, he <i>slammed</i> the
door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put in or on some place with force and
loud noise; -- usually with <i>down</i>; as, to <i>slam</i> a trunk
down on the pavement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strike with some implement with force;
hence, to beat or cuff.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To strike down; to slaughter.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To defeat (opponents at cards) by winning
all the tricks of a deal or a hand.</def>  <i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To slam to</b></col>, <cd>to shut or close with a
slam.</cd> "He <i>slammed to</i> the door." <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slam</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come or swing
against something, or to shut, with sudden force so as to produce a
shock and noise; as, a door or shutter <i>slams</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of one who, or that which, slams.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The shock and noise produced in
slamming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>slam</i> and the scowl were lost upon
Sam.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>Winning all the
tricks of a deal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The refuse of alum works.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slam"-bang`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With great
violence; with a slamming or banging noise.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Slam"kin</hw> (?), <hw>Slam"mer*kin</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schlampe</i>, <i>schlamp</i>, dim.
<i>schl&auml;mpchen</i>; <i>schlampen</i> to dangle, to be slovenly in
one's dress.] <def>A slut; a slatternly woman.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sclandere</i>,
OF. <i>esclandre</i>, <i>esclandle</i>, <i>escandre</i>, F.
<i>esclandre</i>, fr. L. <i>scandalum</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?; a snare,
stumbling block, offense, scandal; probably originally, the spring of
a trap, and akin to Skr. <i>skand</i> to spring, leap. See
<u>Scan</u>, and cf. <u>Scandal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A false
tale or report maliciously uttered, tending to injure the reputation
of another; the malicious utterance of defamatory reports; the
dissemination of malicious tales or suggestions to the injury of
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether we speak evil of a man to his face or behind
his back; the former way, indeed, seems to be the most generous, but
yet is a great fault, and that which we call "reviling;" the latter is
more mean and base, and that which we properly call "<i>slander</i>",
or "Backbiting."</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[We] make the careful magistrate<BR>
The mark of <i>slander</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1352 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disgrace; reproach; dishonor;
opprobrium.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>slander</i> of thy mother's heavy
womb.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Formerly, defamation
generally, whether oral or written; in modern usage, defamation by
words spoken; utterance of false, malicious, and defamatory words,
tending to the damage and derogation of another; calumny. See the Note
under <u>Defamation</u>.</def>  <i>Burril.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slandered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slandering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To defame; to injure by
maliciously uttering a false report; to tarnish or impair the
reputation of by false tales maliciously told or propagated; to
calumniate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, do not <i>slander</i> him, for he is
kind.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring discredit or shame upon by one's
acts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tax not so bad a voice<BR>
To <i>slander</i> music any more than once.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To asperse; defame; calumniate; vilify; malign;
belie; scandalize; reproach. See <u>Asperse</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Slan"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
slanders; a defamer; a calumniator.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slan"der*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Given or disposed to slander; uttering slander.</def>
"<i>Slanderous</i> tongue."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Embodying or containing slander;
calumnious; as, <i>slanderous</i> words, speeches, or
reports.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Slan"der*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Slan"der*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Slang</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Sling</u>.
Slung.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Slang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any long, narrow piece of
land; a promontory.</def> [Local, Eng.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sling</u>.] <def>A
fetter worn on the leg by a convict.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be of Gypsy origin;
but probably from Scand., and akin to E. <i>sling</i>; cf. Norw.
<i>sleng</i> a slinging, an invention, device, <i>slengja</i> to
sling, to cast, <i>slengja kjeften</i> (literally, to sling the jaw)
to use abusive language, to use slang, <i>slenjeord</i> (<i>ord</i> =
word) an insulting word, a new word that has no just reason for
being.] <def>Low, vulgar, unauthorized language; a popular but
unauthorized word, phrase, or mode of expression; also, the jargon of
some particular calling or class in society; low popular cant; as, the
<i>slang</i> of the theater, of college, of sailors, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slang</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slanged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slanging</u>.] <def>To address with slang or ribaldry; to insult
with vulgar language.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every gentleman abused by a cabman or <i>slanged</i> by
a bargee was bound there and then to take off his coat and challenge
him to fisticuffs.</blockquote> <i>London Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slang"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being slangy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slan"gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slangy.</def>
[R.]  <i>John Bee.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slang"-whang`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Slang</i> +
<i>whang</i> to beat.] <def>One who uses abusive slang; a ranting
partisan.</def> [Colloq. or Humorous]  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slang"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
slang; of the nature of slang; disposed to use slang.</def> [Written
also <i>slangey</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Slank</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Slink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slanting</u>.] [OE. <i>slenten</i> to slope, slide; cf. Sw.
<i>slinta</i> to slide.] <def>To be turned or inclined from a right
line or level; to lie obliquely; to slope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the side of younder <i>slanting</i>
hill.</blockquote> <i>Dodsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn from a direct
line; to give an oblique or sloping direction to; as, to <i>slant</i>
a line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
slanting direction or plane; a slope; as, it lies on a
<i>slant</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An oblique reflection or gibe; a sarcastic
remark.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slant or wind</b></col>, <cd>a local variation of the wind
from its general direction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. Sw. <i>slant</i>.
See <u>Slant</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Inclined from a direct
line, whether horizontal or perpendicular; sloping; oblique.</def>
"The <i>slant</i> lightning."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slant"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Oblique;
sloping.</def> -- <wf>Slant"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slant"wise`</hw> (?), <hw>Slant"ly</hw>  },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an inclined direction; obliquely;
slopingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slappe</i>; akin to
LG. <i>slappe</i>, G. <i>schlappe</i>; probably of imitative origin.]
<def>A blow, esp. one given with the open hand, or with something
broad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slapping</u>.] <def>To strike with the open hand, or with something
broad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slap</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. <i>slap</i>, G.
<i>schlapp</i>. See <u>Slap</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>With a
sudden and violent blow; hence, quickly; instantly; directly.</def>
[Colloq.] "The railroad cars drive <i>slap</i> into the city."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slap"dash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Slap</i> +
<i>dash</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a bold, careless manner; at
random.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With a slap; all at once; slap.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slap"dash`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To apply, or
apply something to, in a hasty, careless, or rough manner; to
roughcast; as, to <i>slapdash</i> mortar or paint on a wall, or to
<i>slapdash</i> a wall.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slape</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sleipr</i>
slippery; akin to E. <i>slip</i>.] <def>Slippery; smooth; crafty;
hypocritical.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Slape ale</b></col>, <cd>plain ale, as opposed to
<i>medicated</i> or <i>mixed</i> ale.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slape"face`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soft-spoken,
crafty hypocrite.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slap"jack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flat batter
cake cooked on a griddle; a flapjack; a griddlecake.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Slap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, slaps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything monstrous; a whopper.</def>
[Slang]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slap"per</hw> (?), <hw>Slap"ping</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very large; monstrous; big.</def>
[Slang.]</p>

<p><hw>Slash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slashing</u>.] [OE. <i>slaschen</i>, of uncertain origin; cf. OF.
<i>esclachier</i> to break, <i>esclechier</i>, <i>esclichier</i>, to
break, and E. <i>slate</i>, <i>slice</i>, <i>slit</i>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut by striking violently and
at random; to cut in long slits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lash; to ply the whip to.</def> [R.]
<i>King.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To crack or snap, as a whip.</def> [R.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To strike violently
and at random, esp. with an edged instrument; to lay about one
indiscriminately with blows; to cut hastily and carelessly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hewing and <i>slashing</i> at their idle
shades.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long
cut; a cut made at random.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large slit in the material of any
garment, made to show the lining through the openings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Slashy</u>.] <i>pl.</i> <def>Swampy or
wet lands overgrown with bushes.</def> [Local, U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slashed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Marked or cut with a slash or slashes; deeply gashed; especially,
having long, narrow openings, as a sleeve or other part of a garment,
to show rich lining or under vesture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gray jerkin, with scarlet and <i>slashed</i>
sleeves.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided into many narrow
parts or segments by sharp incisions; laciniate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slash"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Textile Manuf.)</i>
<def>A machine for applying size to warp yarns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slash" pine"</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of pine tree
(<i>Pinus Cubensis</i>) found in Southern Florida and the West Indies;
-- so called because it grows in "slashes."</def></p>

<p><hw>Slash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>slaska</i>
to dabble in water.  Cf. <u>Slush</u>.] <def>Wet and dirty;
slushy.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Slot</u> a bar.]
<def>A thin, narrow strip or bar of wood or metal; as, the
<i>slats</i> of a window blind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slatted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slatting</u>.] [OE. <i>slatten</i>; cf. Icel. <i>sletta</i> to
slap, to dab.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To slap; to strike; to beat; to
throw down violently.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How did you kill him?<BR>
<i>Slat[t]ed</i> his brains out.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To split; to crack.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set on; to incite. See 3d
<u>Slate</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Slack</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The period of a transitory
breeze.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An interval of fair
weather.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The loose or slack part of a
rope; slack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slat</i>, OF.
<i>esclat</i> a shiver, splinter, F. <i>&eacute;clat</i>, fr. OF.
<i>esclater</i> to shiver, to chip, F. <i>&eacute;clater</i>, fr. OHG.
<i>sliezen</i> to tear, slit, split, fr. <i>sl&imacr;zan</i> to slit,
G. <i>schleissen</i>. See <u>Slit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Eclat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An
argillaceous rock which readily splits into thin plates; argillite;
argillaceous schist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any rock or stone having a slaty
structure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A prepared piece of such stone.</def>
Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A thin, flat piece, for roofing
or covering houses, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tablet for
writing upon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An artificial material, resembling slate,
and used for the above purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A thin plate of any material; a
flake.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Politics)</i> <def>A list of candidates,
prepared for nomination or for election; a list of candidates, or a
programme of action, devised beforehand.</def> [Cant, U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Adhesive slate</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a kind of slate
of a greenish gray color, which absorbs water rapidly, and adheres to
the tongue; whence the name.</cd> -- <col><b>Aluminous
slate</b></col>, or <col><b>Alum slate</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a
kind of slate containing sulphate of alumina, -- used in the
manufacture of alum.</cd> -- <col><b>Bituminous slate</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a soft species of sectile clay slate, impregnated
with bitumen.</cd> -- <col><b>Hornblende slate</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a slaty rock, consisting essentially of hornblende
and feldspar, useful for flagging on account of its toughness.</cd> --
<col><b>Slate ax</b></col> or  <col><b>axe</b></col>, <cd>a mattock
with an ax end, used in shaping slates for roofs, and making holes in
them for the nails.</cd> -- <col><b>Slate clay</b></col>
<i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>an indurated clay, forming one of the alternating
beds of the coal measures, consisting of an infusible compound of
alumina and silica, and often used for making fire bricks.</cd>
<i>Tomlinson.</i> -- <col><b>Slate globe</b></col>, <cd>a globe the
surface of which is made of an artificial slatelike material.</cd> --
<col><b>Slate pencil</b></col>, <cd>a pencil of slate, or of
soapstone, used for writing on a slate.</cd> -- <col><b>Slate
rocks</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>rocks which split into thin
lamin&aelig;, not necessarily parallel to the stratification; foliated
rocks.</cd> -- <col><b>Slate spar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a
variety of calcite of silvery white luster and of a slaty
structure.</cd> -- <col><b>Transparent slate</b></col>, <cd>a plate of
translucent material, as ground glass, upon which a copy of a picture,
placed beneath it, can be made by tracing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with slate, or with
a substance resembling slate; as, to <i>slate</i> a roof; to
<i>slate</i> a globe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To register (as on a slate and subject to
revision), for an appointment.</def> [Polit. Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Slate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>sl&aemacr;ting</i> a privilege of hunting.] <def>To set a dog upon;
to bait; to slat. See 2d <u>Slat</u>, 3.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
[Written also <i>slete</i>.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p> </p>

<p><hw>Slate"-col`or</hw> (?). <def>A dark bluish gray
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slate"-gray`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a dark
gray, like slate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lays
slates, or whose occupation is to slate buildings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
terrestrial isopod crustacean of the genus <i>Porcellio</i> and allied
genera; a sow bug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of covering with slate, slates, or a substance resembling slate;
the work of a slater.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slates, collectively; also, material for
slating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slatt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Slat</u> a strip
of board.] <def>A slab of stone used as a veneer for coarse
masonry.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [E. <i>slat</i> to
throw or dash about.] <def>To be careless, negligent, or aswkward,
esp. with regard to dress and neatness; to be wasteful.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slat"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who is
negligent of her dress or house; one who is not neat and
nice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"tern</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
slattern; sluttish; slatterny.</def> "The <i>slattern</i> air."
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slat"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To consume
carelessly or wastefully; to waste; -- with <i>away</i>.</def> [R.]
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slat"tern*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being slatternly; slovenliness;
untidiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"tern*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
slattern; sluttish; negligent; dirty.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a slatternly manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"ter*pouch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dance or
game played by boys, requiring active exercise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slat"ting</hw> (?), <def>Slats, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"ting</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The violent shaking
or flapping of anything hanging loose in the wind, as of a sail, when
being hauled down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slat"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Slate</u>.]
<def>Resembling slate; having the nature, appearance, or properties,
of slate; composed of thin parallel plates, capable of being separated
by splitting; as, a <i>slaty</i> color or texture.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slaty cleavage</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>cleavage, as of
rocks, into thin leaves or plates, like those of slate; -- applied
especially to those cases in which the planes of cleavage are not
parallel to the planes of stratification. It is now believed to be
caused by the compression which the strata have undergone.</cd> --
<col><b>Slaty gneiss</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of gneiss
in which the scales of mica or crystals of hornblende, which are
usually minute, form thin lamin&aelig;, rendering the rock easily
cleavable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slaugh"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slautir</i>,
<i>slaughter</i>, <i>slaghter</i>, Icel. <i>sl&amacr;tr</i> slain
flesh, modified by OE. <i>slaught</i>, <i>slaht</i>, slaughter, fr.
AS. <i>sleaht</i> a stroke, blow; both from the root of E. slay. See
<u>Slay</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Onslaught</u>.]
<def>The act of killing.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The extensive, violent, bloody, or wanton destruction of life;
carnage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On war and mutual <i>slaughter</i> bent.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act of killing cattle or other beasts
for market.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Carnage; massacre; butchery; murder; havoc.</p>

<p><hw>Slaugh"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slaughtered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slaughtering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To visit with great
destruction of life; to kill; to slay in battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your castle is surprised; your wife and babes<BR>
Savagely <i>slaughtered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To butcher; to kill for the market, as
beasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slaugh"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
slaughters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slaugh"ter*house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house
where beasts are butchered for the market.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slaugh"ter*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Slaughtermen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One employed in
slaughtering.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slaugh"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destructive;
murderous.</def> <i>Shak.</i> <i>M. Arnold.</i> --
<wf>Slaugh"ter*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Slav</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Slavs</b></plw> (#). [A word originally meaning, intelligible,
and used to contrast the people so called with foreigners who spoke
languages unintelligible to the Slavs; akin to OSlav. <i>slovo</i> a
word, <i>slava</i> fame, Skr. <i>&ccedil;ru</i> to hear.  Cf.
<u>Loud</u>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of a race of people occupying
a large part of Eastern and Northern Europe, including the Russians,
Bulgarians, Roumanians, Servo-Croats, Slovenes, Poles, Czechs, Wends
or Sorbs, Slovaks, etc.</def> [Written also <i>Slave</i>, and
<i>Sclav</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Slave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slav</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>esclave</i>, D.
<i>slaaf</i>, Dan. <i>slave</i>, <i>sclave</i>, Sw. <i>slaf</i>, all
fr. G. <i>sklave</i>, MHG. also <i>slave</i>, from the national name
of the Slavonians, or Sclavonians (in LL. <i>Slavi</i> or
<i>Sclavi</i>), who were frequently made slaves by the Germans. See
<u>Slav</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person who is held in bondage
to another; one who is wholly subject to the will of another; one who
is held as a chattel; one who has no freedom of action, but whose
person and services are wholly under the control of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> thou our <i>slave</i>,<BR>
Our captive, at the public mill our drudge?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has lost the power of resistance;
one who surrenders himself to any power whatever; as, a <i>slave</i>
to passion, to lust, to strong drink, to ambition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A drudge; one who labors like a
slave.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An abject person; a wretch.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Slave ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of
ants which is captured and enslaved by another species, especially
<i>Formica fusca</i> of Europe and America, which is commonly enslaved
by <i>Formica sanguinea</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Slave catcher</b></col>,
<cd>one who attempted to catch and bring back a fugitive slave to his
master.</cd> -- <col><b>Slave coast</b></col>, <cd>part of the western
coast of Africa to which slaves were brought to be sold to
foreigners.</cd> -- <col><b>Slave driver</b></col>, <cd>one who
superintends slaves at their work; hence, figuratively, a cruel
taskmaster.</cd> -- <col><b>Slave hunt</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A search after persons in order to reduce them to slavery</cd>.
<i>Barth.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A search after fugitive slaves,
often conducted with bloodhounds.</cd> -- <col><b>Slave
ship</b></col>, <cd>a vessel employed in the slave trade or used for
transporting slaves; a slaver.</cd> -- <col><b>Slave trade</b></col>,
<cd>the business of dealing in slaves, especially of buying them for
transportation from their homes to be sold elsewhere.</cd> --
<col><b>Slave trader</b></col>, <cd>one who traffics in
slaves.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bond servant; bondman; bondslave; captive; henchman;
vassal; dependent; drudge. See <u>Serf</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Slave</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slaved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slaving</u>.] <def>To drudge; to toil; to labor as a
slave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enslave.</def>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slave"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born in
slavery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slave"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds
slaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slave"hold`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Holding persons
in slavery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slave*oc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slavocracy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A vessel engaged in the slave trade; a slave ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person engaged in the purchase and sale
of slaves; a slave merchant, or slave trader.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>slaver's</i> hand was on the latch,<BR>
He seemed in haste to go.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slavered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slavering</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>slafra</i>. See <u>Slabber</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To suffer spittle, etc., to run from the
mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be besmeared with saliva.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To smear with saliva
issuing from the mouth; to defile with drivel; to slabber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Saliva driveling from
the mouth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of all mad creatures, if the learned are right,<BR>
It is the <i>slaver</i> kills, and not the bite.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A driveler; an
idiot.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1353 !></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drooling;
defiling with saliva.</def> -- <wf>Slav"er*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Slav"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Slaveries</b></plw> (#). [See  2d <u>Slave</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of a slave; the state of entire
subjection of one person to the will of another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Disguise thyself as thou wilt, still, <i>slavery</i>,
said I, still thou art a bitter draught!</blockquote>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I wish, from my soul, that the legislature of this
state [Virginia] could see the policy of a gradual abolition of
<i>slavery</i>. It might prevent much future mischief.</blockquote>
<i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A condition of subjection or submission
characterized by lack of freedom of action or of will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vulgar <i>slaveries</i> rich men submit
to.</blockquote> <i>C. Lever.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>slavery</i> that no legislation can
abolish, -- the <i>slavery</i> of caste.</blockquote> <i>G. W.
Cable.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The holding of slaves.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bondage; servitude; inthrallment; enslavement;
captivity; bond service; vassalage.</p>

<p><hw>Slav"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
maidservant.</def> [Colloq. &amp; Jocose Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slav"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slavonic.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The group of allied languages spoken by the
Slavs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slav"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to slaves; such as becomes or befits a slave; servile; excessively
laborious; as, a <i>slavish</i> life; a <i>slavish</i> dependance on
the great.</def> -- <wf>Slav"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Slav"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Slav"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The common feeling
and interest of the Slavonic race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slav*oc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Slave</i> +
<i>-cracy</i>, as in <i>democracy</i>.] <def>The persons or interest
formerly representing slavery politically, or wielding political power
for the preservation or advancement of slavery.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sla*vo"ni*an</hw> (?), <hw>Sla*von"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
Slavonia, or its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Slavs, or their
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sla*vo"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Slavonia; ethnologically, a Slav.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slav"o*phil</hw> (?), <hw>Slav"o*phile</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Slavic</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?; loving.] <def>One,
not being a Slav, who is interested in the development and prosperity
of that race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>sla</i>, contr. fr.
<i>salade</i>, OD. <i>salaet</i>, <i>salad</i>. See <u>Salad</u>.]
<def>Sliced cabbage served as a salad, cooked or uncooked.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slaw</hw>, <hw>Slaw"en</hw>  } (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Slee</u>, to slay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With a sword drawn out he would have <i>slaw</i>
himself.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Acts xvi. 27.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Slay</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Slew</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Slain</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Slaying</u>.] [OE. <i>slan</i>,
<i>sl&?;n</i>, <i>sleen</i>, <i>slee</i>, AS. <i>sle&aacute;n</i> to
strike, beat, slay; akin to OFries. <i>sl&amacr;</i>, D. <i>slaan</i>,
OS. &amp; OHG. <i>slahan</i>, G. <i>schlagen</i>, Icel. <i>sl&amacr;</i>,
Dan. <i>slaae</i>, Sw. <i>sl&?;</i>, Goth. <i>slahan</i>; perhaps akin
to L. <i>lacerare</i> to tear to pieces, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, E.
<i>lacerate</i>.  Cf. <u>Slaughter</u>, <u>Sledge</u> a hammer,
<u>Sley</u>.] <def>To put to death with a weapon, or by violence;
hence, to kill; to put an end to; to destroy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With this sword then will I <i>slay</i> you
both.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>slay</i> the last of them with the
sword.</blockquote> <i>Amos ix. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>slay</i> more gazers than the
basilisk.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To kill; murder; slaughter; butcher.</p>

<p><hw>Slay"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who slays; a
killer; a murderer; a destroyer of life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sla"zy</hw> (sl&amacr;"z&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Sleazy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sle</hw> (sl&emacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
slay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleave</hw> (sl&emacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>sl&ouml;if</i>, a knot loop, Sw. <i>slejf</i>, G. <i>schleife</i> a
knot, sliding knot, and E. <i>slip</i>, v.i.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The knotted or entangled part of silk or thread.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Silk not yet twisted; floss; -- called also
<i>sleave silk</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sleep that knits up the ravell'd <i>sleave</i> of
care.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sleaved</u> (sl&emacr;vd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sleaving</u>.] <def>To separate, as threads; to
divide, as a collection of threads; to sley; -- a weaver's
term.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleaved</hw> (sl&emacr;vd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Raw; not
spun or wrought; as, <i>sleaved</i> thread or silk.</def>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slea"zi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being sleazy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slea"zy</hw> (sl&emacr;"z&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
G. <i>schleissig</i> worn out, threadbare, from <i>schleissen</i> to
slit, split, decay, or E. <i>leasy</i>.] <def>Wanting firmness of
texture or substance; thin; flimsy; as, <i>sleazy</i> silk or
muslin.</def> [Spelt also <i>slazy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sled</hw> (sl&ebreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D.
<i>slede</i>, G. <i>schlitten</i>, OHG. <i>slito</i>, Icel.
<i>sle&eth;i</i>, Sw. <i>sl&auml;de</i>, Dan. <i>sl&aelig;de</i>, and
E. <i>slide</i>, v. See <u>Slide</u>, and cf. <u>Sledge</u> a vehicle,
<u>Sleigh</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vehicle on runners, used for
conveying loads over the snow or ice; -- in England called
<i>sledge</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small, light vehicle with runners, used,
mostly by young persons, for sliding on snow or ice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sled</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sledded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sledding</u>.] <def>To convey or transport on a sled; as, to
<i>sled</i> wood or timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sled"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of transporting or riding on a sled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of the snow which admits of the
running of sleds; as, the <i>sledding</i> is good.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sledge</hw> (sl&ebreve;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps from
<i>sleds</i>, pl. of <i>sled</i>, confused with <i>sledge</i> a
hammer. See <u>Sled</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A strong vehicle with low runners or low wheels; or one without
wheels or runners, made of plank slightly turned up at one end, used
for transporting loads upon the snow, ice, or bare ground; a
sled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hurdle on which, formerly, traitors were
drawn to the place of execution.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sleigh.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A game at cards; -- called also <i>old
sledge</i>, and <i>all fours</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sledge</hw> (sl&ebreve;j), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sledged</u> (sl&ebreve;jd);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sledging</u>.] <def>To travel or
convey in a sledge or sledges.</def>  <i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sledge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slecge</i>,from
<i>sle&aacute;n</i> to strike, beat. See <u>Slay</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>A large, heavy hammer, usually wielded with both
hands; -- called also <i>sledge hammer</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With his heavy <i>sledge</i> he can it
beat.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slee</hw> (sl&emacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Slay</u>.] <def>To slay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleek</hw> (sl&emacr;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sleeker</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sleekest</u>.] [OE. <i>slik</i>; akin to
Icel. <i>sl&imacr;kr</i>, and OE. <i>sliken</i> to glide, slide, G.
<i>schleichen</i>, OHG. <i>sl&imacr;hhan</i>, D. <i>slik</i>,
<i>slijk</i>, mud, slime, and E. <i>slink</i>.  Cf. <u>Slick</u>,
<u>Slink</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having an even, smooth surface;
smooth; hence, glossy; as, <i>sleek</i> hair.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>sleek</i> her skin, so faultless was her
make.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not rough or harsh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those rugged names to our like mouths grow
<i>sleek</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleek</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With ease and
dexterity.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Sleek</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which makes smooth;
varnish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sleek</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sleeked</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sleeking</u>.] <def>To make even and smooth; to render smooth,
soft, and glossy; to smooth over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sleeking</i> her soft alluring locks.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gentle, my lord, <i>sleek</i> o'er your rugged
looks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleek"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sleek manner;
smoothly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleek"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being sleek; smoothness and glossiness of surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleek"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of a sleek, or smooth, and glossy appearance.</def>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fawning and deceitful; sly.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sleep</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of Sleep.
Slept.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleep</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slept</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sleeping</u>.] [OE. <i>slepen</i>, AS. <i>sl&?;pan</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>sl&?;pa</i>, OS. <i>sl&amacr;pan</i>, D. <i>slapen</i>,
OHG. <i>sl&amacr;fan</i>, G. <i>schlafen</i>, Goth. <i>sl&?;pan</i>,
and G. <i>schlaff</i> slack, loose, and L. <i>labi</i> to glide,
slide, <i>labare</i> to totter.  Cf. <u>Lapse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take rest by a suspension of the voluntary exercise of the
powers of the body and mind, and an apathy of the organs of sense; to
slumber.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Watching at the head of these that
<i>sleep</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Figuratively: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To be
careless, inattentive, or uncouncerned; not to be vigilant; to live
thoughtlessly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>sleep</i> over our happiness.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To be dead; to lie in the grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Them also which <i>sleep</i> in Jesus will God bring
with him.</blockquote> <i>1 Thess. iv. 14.  </i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To be, or appear to be, in repose; to be
quiet; to be unemployed, unused, or unagitated; to rest; to lie
dormant; as, a question <i>sleeps</i> for the present; the law
<i>sleeps</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How sweet the moonlight <i>sleep</i> upon this
bank!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleep</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be slumbering in; -- followed by a cognate object; as, to <i>sleep</i>
a dreamless sleep.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give sleep to; to furnish with
accomodations for sleeping; to lodge.</def> [R.]  <i>Blackw.
Mag.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sleep away</b></col>, <cd>to spend in sleep; as, <i>to
sleep away</i> precious time.</cd> -- <col><b>To sleep off</b></col>,
<cd>to become free from by sleep; as, <i>to sleep off</i> drunkeness
or fatigue.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sleep</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sl&aemacr;p</i>; akin
to OFries. <i>sl&emacr;p</i>, OS. <i>sl&amacr;p</i>, D. <i>slaap</i>,
OHG. <i>sl&amacr;f</i>, G. <i>schlaf</i>, Goth. <i>sl&emacr;ps</i>.
See <u>Sleep</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A natural and healthy,
but temporary and periodical, suspension of the functions of the
organs of sense, as well as of those of the voluntary and rational
soul; that state of the animal in which there is a lessened acuteness
of sensory perception, a confusion of ideas, and a loss of mental
control, followed by a more or less unconscious state.</def> "A man
that waketh of his <i>sleep</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>sleep</i>, thou ape of death.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Sleep is attended by a relaxation of the muscles, and the
absence of voluntary activity for any rational objects or purpose. The
pulse is slower, the respiratory movements fewer in number but more
profound, and there is less blood in the cerebral vessels. It is
susceptible of greater or less intensity or completeness in its
control of the powers.
</p>

<p><col><b>Sleep of plants</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a state of
plants, usually at night, when their leaflets approach each other, and
the flowers close and droop, or are covered by the folded
leaves.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Slumber; repose; rest; nap; doze; drowse.</p>

<p><hw>Sleep"-at-noon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant (<i>Tragopogon pratensis</i>) which closes its flowers at
midday; a kind of goat's beard.</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"-charged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heavy with
sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sleeps; a slumberer; hence, a drone, or lazy
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which lies dormant, as a law.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sleeping car.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An animal that
hibernates, as the bear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
large fresh-water gobioid fish (<i>Eleotris dormatrix</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A nurse shark. See under
<u>Nurse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Norw. <i>sleip</i> a
sleeper (a timber), as adj., slippery, smooth. See <u>Slape</u>.]
<def>Something lying in a reclining posture or position.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the pieces of timber, stone, or
iron, on or near the level of the ground, for the support of some
superstructure, to steady framework, to keep in place the rails of a
railway, etc.; a stringpiece.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the joists, or roughly shaped
timbers, laid directly upon the ground, to receive the flooring of the
ground story.</def> [U.S.]</p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of the knees which
connect the transoms to the after timbers on the ship's
quarter.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The lowest, or bottom, tier
of casks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Strongly inclined
to sleep; very sleepy.</def> -- <wf>Sleep"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sleepy
manner; drowsily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sleepy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sleep</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sleeping car</b></col>, <cd>a railway car or carrriage,
arranged with apartments and berths for sleeping.</cd> --
<col><b>Sleeping partner</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a dormant
partner. See under <u>Dormant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sleeping
table</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a stationary inclined platform on
which pulverized ore is washed; a kind of buddle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to
sleep; sleepy; drowsy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>sleepish</i>, and more than <i>sleepish</i>,
security.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having no sleep; wakeful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no rest; perpetually agitated.</def>
"Biscay's <i>sleepless</i> bay."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sleep"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sleep"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"mark`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Hag</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"wak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>On in a state
of magnetic or mesmeric sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"wak`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of one
mesmerized, or in a partial and morbid sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"walk`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who walks
in his sleep; a somnambulist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"walk`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Walking in one's
sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sleepier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sleepiest</u>.] [AS. <i>sl&?;pig</i>. See
<u>Sleep</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Drowsy;
inclined to, or overcome by, sleep.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She waked her <i>sleepy</i> crew.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tending to induce sleep; soporiferous;
somniferous; as, a <i>sleepy</i> drink or potion.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dull; lazy; heavy; sluggish.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'Tis not <i>sleepy</i> business;<BR>
But must be looked to speedily and strongly.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by an absence of
watchfulness; as, <i>sleepy</i> security.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sleepy duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the ruddy
duck.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sleep"y*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sleepy person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To bed, to bed, says <i>Sleepyhead</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Mother Goose.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ruddy
duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sle"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slayer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>The
part of a mortar extending from the chamber to the
trunnions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sleet</i>; akin to
MHG. <i>sl&?;z</i>, <i>sl&?;ze</i> hailstone, G. <i>schlosse</i>; of
uncertain origin.] <def>Hail or snow, mingled with rain, usually
falling, or driven by the wind, in fine particles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleet</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sleeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sleeting</u>.] <def>To snow or hail with a mixture of
rain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleetch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Slush</u>,
<u>Slutch</u>.] <def>Mud or slime, such as that at the bottom of
rivers.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sleet"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being sleety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleet"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
sleet; characterized by sleet; as, a <i>sleety</i> storm;
<i>sleety</i> weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleeve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sleave</u>,
untwisted thread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleeve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sleeve</i>,
<i>sleve</i>, AS. <i>sl&?;fe</i>, <i>sl&?;fe</i>; akin to
<i>sl&?;fan</i> to put on, to clothe; cf. OD. <i>sloove</i> the
turning up of anything, <i>sloven</i> to turn up one's sleeves,
<i>sleve</i> a sleeve, G. <i>schlaube</i> a husk, pod.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part of a garment which covers the arm;
as, the <i>sleeve</i> of a coat or a gown.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow channel of water.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Celtic Sea, called oftentimes the
<i>Sleeve</i>.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
tubular part made to cover, sustain, or steady another part, or to
form a connection between two parts.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
long bushing or thimble, as in the nave of a wheel.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A short piece of pipe used for covering a
joint, or forming a joint between the ends of two other
pipes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sleeve button</b></col>, <cd>a detachable button to fasten
the wristband or cuff.</cd> -- <col><b>Sleeve links</b></col>, <cd>two
bars or buttons linked together, and used to fasten a cuff or
wristband.</cd> -- <col><b>To laugh in the sleeve</b></col>, <cd>to
laugh privately or unperceived, especially while apparently preserving
a grave or serious demeanor toward the person or persons laughed at;
that is, perhaps, originally, by hiding the face in the wide sleeves
of former times.</cd> -- <col><b>To pin</b></col>, or
<col><b>hang</b></col>, <col><b>on the sleeve of</b></col>, <cd>to be,
or make, dependent upon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sleeve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sleeved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sleeving</u>.] <def>To furnish with sleeves; to put sleeves into;
as, to <i>sleeve</i> a coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleeved</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having sleeves;
furnished with sleeves; -- often in composition; as, long-
<i>sleeved</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleeve"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A squid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleeve"hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part of a
sleeve nearest the hand; a cuff or wristband.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleeve"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sl&?;fle&aacute;s</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having no
sleeves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting a cover, pretext, or palliation;
unreasonable; profitless; bootless; useless.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The vexation of a <i>sleeveless</i>
errand.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleid</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sleided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sleiding</u>.] [See <u>Sley</u>.] <def>To sley, or prepare for use
in the weaver's sley, or slaie.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleigh</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleigh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. &amp; LG.
<i>slede</i>, <i>slee</i>, Icel. <i>sle&?;i</i>. See <u>Sled</u>.]
<def>A vehicle moved on runners, and used for transporting persons or
goods on snow or ice; -- in England commonly called a
<i>sledge</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sleigh bell</b></col>, <cd>a small bell attached either to
a horse when drawing a slegh, or to the sleigh itself; especially a
globular bell with a loose ball which plays inside instead of a
clapper.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sleigh"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of riding in a sleigh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of the snow or ice which admits
of running sleighs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sleighte</i>,
<i>sleihte</i>, <i>sleithe</i>, Icel. <i>sl&?;g&?;</i> (for
<i>sl&?;g&?;</i>) slyness, cunning, fr. <i>sl&?;gr</i> (for
<i>sl&?;gr</i>) sly, cunning. See <u>Sly</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cunning; craft; artful practice.</def> [Obs.] "His <i>sleight</i>
and his covin."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An artful trick; sly artifice; a feat so
dexterous that the manner of performance escapes
observation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world hath many subtle
<i>sleights</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dexterous practice; dexterity; skill.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i> "The juggler's <i>sleight</i>."  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sleight of hand</b></col>, <cd>legerdemain;
prestidigitation.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1354 !></p>

<p><hw>Sleight"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cunning;
dexterous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sleight"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Cinningly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleight"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cinning;
sly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slen"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Slenderer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slenderest</u>.] [OE. <i>slendre</i>,
<i>sclendre</i>, fr. OD. <i>slinder</i> thin, slender, perhaps through
a French form; cf. OD. <i>slinderen</i>, <i>slidderen</i>, to creep;
perh. akin to E. <i>slide</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Small or
narrow in proportion to the length or the height; not thick; slim; as,
a <i>slender</i> stem or stalk of a plant.</def> "A <i>slender</i>,
choleric man."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She, as a veil down to the <i>slender</i> waist,<BR>
Her unadorned golden tresses wore.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weak; feeble; not strong; slight; as,
<i>slender</i> hope; a <i>slender</i> constitution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mighty hearts are held in <i>slender</i>
chains.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They have inferred much from <i>slender</i>
premises.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>slender</i> utterance of the
consonants.</blockquote> <i>J. Byrne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Moderate; trivial; inconsiderable; slight;
as, a man of <i>slender</i> intelligence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>slender</i> degree of patience will enable him to
enjoy both the humor and the pathos.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Small; inadequate; meager; pitiful; as,
<i>slender</i> means of support; a <i>slender</i> pittance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Frequent begging makes <i>slender</i>
alms.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Spare; abstemious; frugal; as, a
<i>slender</i> diet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The good Ostorius often deigned<BR>
To grace my <i>slender</i> table with his presence.</blockquote>
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Uttered with a thin tone; --
the opposite of <i>broad</i>; as, the <i>slender</i> vowels long
<i>e</i> and <i>i</i>.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Slen"der*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Slen"der*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Slent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slant</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Slep</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sleep</u>. Slept.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sle*pez"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>sliepets'</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A burrowing rodent
(<i>Spalax typhlus</i>), native of Russia and Asia Minor. It has the
general appearance of a mole, and is destitute of eyes. Called also
<i>mole rat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slept</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sleep</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleuth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>sl&omacr;&eth;</i>. See <u>Slot</u> a track.] <def>The track of man
or beast as followed by the scent.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleuth"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sleuth</u>, and cf. <u>Slothound</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
hound that tracks animals by the scent; specifically, a
bloodhound.</def> [Spelt variously <i>slouthhound</i>,
<i>sluthhound</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Slew</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Slay</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slewed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
drunk.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Slewth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sloth;
idleness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sl&?;</i>, fr.
<i>sle&aacute;n</i> to strike. See <u>Slay</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A weaver's reed.</def> [Spelt
also <i>slaie</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A guideway in a knitting machine.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sley</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To separate or part the
threads of, and arrange them in a reed; -- a term used by weavers. See
<u>Sleave</u>, and <u>Sleid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slib"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slippery.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slice</i>,
<i>sclice</i>, OF. <i>esclice</i>, from <i>esclicier</i>,
<i>esclichier</i>, to break to pieces, of German origin; cf. OHG.
<i>sl&imacr;zan</i> to split, slit, tear, G. <i>schleissen</i> to
slit. See <u>Slit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A thin, broad piece cut off; as, a <i>slice</i> of bacon; a
<i>slice</i> of cheese; a <i>slice</i> of bread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is thin and broad, like a
slice.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A broad, thin
piece of plaster.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A salver, platter, or
tray.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A knife with a thin, broad
blade for taking up or serving fish; also, a spatula for spreading
anything, as paint or ink.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A plate of
iron with a handle, forming a kind of chisel, or a spadelike
implement, variously proportioned, and used for various purposes, as
for stripping the planking from a vessel's side, for cutting blubber
from a whale, or for stirring a fire of coals; a slice bar; a peel; a
fire shovel.</def> [Cant] <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<def>One of the wedges by which the cradle and the ship are lifted
clear of the building blocks to prepare for launching.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Printing)</i> <def>A removable sliding bottom
to galley.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slice bar</b></col>, <cd>a kind of fire iron resembling a
poker, with a broad, flat end, for stirring a fire of coals, and
clearing it and the grate bars from clinkers, ashes, etc.; a
slice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sliced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slicing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut into thin pieces,
or to cut off a thin, broad piece from.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut into parts; to divide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To clear by means of a slice bar, as a fire
or the grate bars of a furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sli"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, slices; specifically, the circular saw of the
lapidary.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slich</hw> (?), <hw>Slick</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>See <u>Schlich</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slick</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Sleek</u>.]
<def>Sleek; smooth.</def> "Both <i>slick</i> and dainty."
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make sleek or
smoth.</def> "<i>Slicked</i> all with sweet oil."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Joinery)</i> <def>A wide
paring chisel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slick"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sleek;
smooth.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slick"ens</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Slick</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The pulverized matter from
a quartz mill, or the lighter soil of hydraulic mines.</def> [Local,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Slick"en*sides`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The smooth, striated, or partially polished
surfaces of a fissure or seam, supposed to have been produced by the
sliding of one surface on another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A variety of galena found in Derbyshire,
England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which makes
smooth or sleek.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind
of burnisher for leather.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Founding)</i>
<def>A curved tool for smoothing the surfaces of a mold after the
withdrawal of the pattern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slick"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A waterproof
coat.</def> [Western U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Slick"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of smoothing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Narrow veins of
ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slick"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being slick; smoothness; sleekness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slid</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Slide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slid"den</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Slide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slid"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sliderian</i>. See <u>Slide</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
slide with interruption.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slid"der</hw>, <hw>Slid"der*ly</hw>, <hw>Slid"der*y</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slidor</i>. See <u>Slide</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Slippery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To a drunk man the way is <i>slidder</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slide</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Slid</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Slidden</u> (?),
<u>Slid</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Slidding</u> (?).]
[OE. <i>sliden</i>, AS. <i>sl&imacr;dan</i>; akin to MHG.
<i>sl&imacr;ten</i>, also to AS. <i>slidor</i> slippery, E.
<i>sled</i>, Lith. <i>slidus</i> slippery.  Cf. <u>Sled</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move along the surface of any body by
slipping, or without walking or rolling; to slip; to glide; as, snow
<i>slides</i> down the mountain's side.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, to move over snow or ice with a
smooth, uninterrupted motion, as on a sled moving by the force of
gravity, or on the feet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They bathe in summer, and in winter
<i>slide</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass inadvertently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beware thou <i>slide</i> not by it.</blockquote>
<i>Ecclus. xxviii. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass along smoothly or unobservedly; to
move gently onward without friction or hindrance; as, a ship or boat
<i>slides</i> through the water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ages shall <i>slide</i> away without
perceiving.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Parts answering parts shall <i>slide</i> into a
whole.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To slip when walking or standing; to
fall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their foot shall <i>slide</i> in due time.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. xxxii. 35.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To pass from one note to
another with no perceptible cassation of sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To pass out of one's thought as not being
of any consequence.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With good hope let he sorrow <i>slide</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With a calm carelessness letting everything
<i>slide</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slide</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to slide; to thrust along; as, to <i>slide</i> one piece of
timber along another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass or put imperceptibly; to slip; as,
to <i>slide</i> in a word to vary the sense of a question.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slide</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sl&imacr;de</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of sliding; as, a <i>slide</i> on the
ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Smooth, even passage or progress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A better <i>slide</i> into their business.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That on which anything moves by
sliding.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An inclined
plane on which heavy bodies slide by the force of gravity, esp. one
constructed on a mountain side for conveying logs by sliding them
down.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A surface of ice or snow on which
children slide for amusement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which operates by sliding.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cover which opens or closes
an aperture by sliding over it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A moving piece which is guided by a part or parts
along which it slides.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A clasp or
brooch for a belt, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A plate or slip of glass on which is a
picture or delineation to be exhibited by means of a magic lantern,
stereopticon, or the like; a plate on which is an object to be
examined with a microscope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The descent of a mass of earth, rock, or
snow down a hill or mountain side; as, a land <i>slide</i>, or a snow
<i>slide</i>; also, the track of bare rock left by a land
slide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A small dislocation in beds
of rock along a line of fissure.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A grace
consisting of two or more small notes moving by conjoint degrees, and
leading to a principal note either above or below.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An apparatus in the trumpet and trombone by
which the sounding tube is lengthened and shortened so as to produce
the tones between the fundamental and its harmonics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>A sound which, by a
gradual change in the position of the vocal organs, passes
imperceptibly into another sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Same as <i>Guide bar</i>, under <u>Guide</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A slide valve.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slide box</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a steam
chest. See under <u>Steam</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Slide lathe</b></col>,
<cd>an engine lathe. See under <u>Lathe</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Slide
rail</b></col>, <cd>a transfer table. See under <u>Transfer</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Slide rest</b></col> <i>(Turning lathes)</i>, <cd>a
contrivance for holding, moving, and guiding, the cutting tool, made
to slide on ways or guides by screws or otherwise, and having compound
motion.</cd> -- <col><b>Slide rule</b></col>, <cd>a mathematical
instrument consisting of two parts, one of which slides upon the
other, for the mechanical performance of addition and subtraction,
and, by means of logarithmic scales, of multiplication and
division.</cd> -- <col><b>Slide valve</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Any valve which opens and closes a passageway by sliding over a
port</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A particular kind of sliding valve,
often used in steam engines for admitting steam to the piston and
releasing it, alternately, having a cuplike cavity in its face,
through which the exhaust steam passes. It is situated in the steam
chest, and moved by the valve gear. It is sometimes called a <i>D
valve</i>, -- a name which is also applied to a semicylindrical pipe
used as a sliding valve.</cd></p>

<p>In the illustration, <i>a</i> is the cylinder of a steam engine, in
which plays the piston <i>p</i>; <i>b</i> the steam chest, receiving
its supply from the pipe <i>i</i>, and containing the slide valve
<i>s</i>, which is shown as admitting steam to one end of the cylinder
through the port <i>e</i>, and opening communication between the
exhaust passage <i>f</i> and the port <i>c</i>, for the release of
steam from the opposite end of the cylinder.</p>

<p><hw>Slide"groat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The game of
shovelboard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Slid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slidder</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slid"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, slides; especially, a sliding part of an
instrument or machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The red-bellied
terrapin (<i>Pseudemys rugosa</i>).</def> [Local, U. S. ]</p>

<p><col><b>Slider pump</b></col>, <cd>a form of rotary pump.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slid"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That slides or slips; gliding; moving smoothly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slippery; elusory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>sliding</i> science hath me made so
bare.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sliding friction</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the
resistance one body meets with in sliding along the surface of
another, as distinguished from <i>rolling friction</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sliding gunter</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a topmast
arranged with metallic fittings so as to be hoisted and lowered by
means of halyards.</cd> -- <col><b>Sliding keel</b></col>
<i>(Naut)</i>, <cd>a movable keel, similar to a centeboard.</cd> --
<col><b>Sliding pair</b></col>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>See the Note under
<u>Pair</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</cd> -- <col><b>Sliding
rule</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Slide rule</i>, under <u>Slide</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Sliding scale</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A scale for raising or lowering imposts in
proportion to the fall or rise of prices</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A variable scale of wages or of prices</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>A slide rule.</cd> -- <col><b>Sliding ways</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the timber guides used in launching a
vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sli*dom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Slide</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for indicating and recording shocks
to railway cars occasioned by sudden stopping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sleight.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>slechten</i> to
level, to demolish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To overthrow; to
demolish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make even or level.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hexham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw heedlessly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The rogue <i>slighted</i> me into the
river.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Slighter</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slightest</u>.] [OE. <i>sli&?;t</i>,
<i>sleght</i>, probably from OD. <i>slicht</i>, <i>slecht</i>, simple,
plain, D. <i>slecht</i>; akin to OFries. <i>sliucht</i>, G.
<i>schlecht</i>, <i>schlicht</i>, OHG. <i>sleht</i> smooth, simple,
Icel. <i>sl&?;ttr</i> smooth, Sw. <i>sl&auml;t</i>, Goth.
<i>sla&iacute;hts</i>; or uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not decidedly marked; not forcible; inconsiderable; unimportant;
insignificant; not severe; weak; gentle; -- applied in a great variety
of circumstances; as, a <i>slight</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, feeble) effort; a
<i>slight</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, perishable) structure; a <i>slight</i>
(<i>i. e.</i>, not deep) impression; a <i>slight</i> (<i>i. e.</i>,
not convincing) argument; a <i>slight</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, not thorough)
examination; <i>slight</i> (<i>i. e.</i>, not severe) pain, and the
like.</def> "At one <i>slight</i> bound."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Slight</i> is the subject, but not so the
praise.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some firmly embrace doctrines upon <i>slight</i>
grounds.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not stout or heavy; slender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His own figure, which was formerly so
<i>slight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Foolish; silly; weak in intellect.</def>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slighting</u>.] <def>To disregard, as of little value and unworthy
of notice; to make light of; as, to <i>slight</i> the divine
commands.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wretch who <i>slights</i> the bounty of the
skies.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To slight off</b></col>, to treat slightingly; to drive
off; to remove. [R.] -- <col><b>To slight over</b></col>, <cd>to run
over in haste; to perform superficially; to treat carelessly; as,
<i>to slight over</i> a theme.</cd>  "They will but <i>slight</i> it
over."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To neglect; disregard; disdain; scorn.  --
<u>Slight</u>, <u>Neglect</u>. To <i>slight</i> is stronger than to
<i>neglect</i>. We may neglect a duty or person from
inconsiderateness, or from being over-occupied in other concerns. To
<i>slight</i> is always a positive and intentional act, resulting from
feelings of dislike or contempt. We ought to put a kind construction
on what appears <i>neglect</i> on the part of a friend; but when he
<i>slights</i> us, it is obvious that he is our friend no longer.</p>

<p><blockquote>Beware . . . lest the like befall . . . <BR>
If they transgress and <i>slight</i> that sole command.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This my long-sufferance, and my day of grace,<BR>
Those who <i>neglect</i> and scorn shall never taste.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of slighting;
the manifestation of a moderate degree of contempt, as by neglect or
oversight; neglect; indignity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Neglect; disregard; inattention; contempt; disdain;
scorn; disgrace; indignity; disparagement.</p>

<p><hw>Slight</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Slightly.</def> [Obs.
or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Think not so <i>slight</i> of glory.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
slight.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
slights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slight"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sleightful</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Slight"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
neglect or disregard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slight"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a slighting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slight"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a slight manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slightingly; negligently.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slight"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being slight; slenderness; feebleness; superficiality; also,
formerly, negligence; indifference; disregard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slight"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slight.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Echard.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slik</hw> (sl&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Such</u>.] <def>Such.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p>&fist; Used by Chaucer as of the Northern dialect.</p>

<p><hw>Slik"en*sides`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Slickensides</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sli"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slyly</u>.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slim</hw> (sl&ibreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Slimmer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slimmest</u>.] [Formerly, bad, worthless,
weak, slight, awry, fr. D. <i>slim</i>; akin to G. <i>schlimm</i>,
MHG. <i>slimp</i> oblique, awry; of uncertain origin. The meaning of
the English word seems to have been influenced by <i>slender</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Worthless; bad.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Weak; slight; unsubstantial; poor; as, a
<i>slim</i> argument.</def> "That was a <i>slim</i> excuse."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of small diameter or thickness in
proportion to the height or length; slender; as, a <i>slim</i> person;
a <i>slim</i> tree.</def>  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slim</i>, AS.
<i>sl&imacr;m</i>; akin to D. <i>slijm</i>, G. <i>schleim</i>, MHG.
<i>sl&imacr;men</i> to make smooth, Icel. <i>sl&imacr;m</i> slime,
Dan. <i>sliim</i>; cf. L. <i>limare</i> to file, polish, <i>levis</i>
smooth, Gr. &?;&?;&?;; or cf. L. <i>limus</i> mud.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Soft, moist earth or clay, having an adhesive quality; viscous
mud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As it [Nilus] ebbs, the seedsman<BR>
Upon the <i>slime</i> and ooze scatters his grain.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any mucilaginous substance; any substance
of a dirty nature, that is moist, soft, and adhesive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>Bitumen.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Slime</i> had they for mortar.</blockquote> <i>Gen.
xi. 3.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1355 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Mud containing
metallic ore, obtained in the preparatory dressing.</def>
<i>Pryce.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A mucuslike substance
which exudes from the bodies of certain animals.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Slime eel</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See 1st
<u>Hag</u>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Slime pit</b></col>, <cd>a pit for the
collection of slime or bitumen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slime</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slimed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sliming</u>.] <def>To smear with slime.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slim"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a slimy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slim"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being slimy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slim"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a state of
slimness; in a slim manner; slenderly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slim"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being slim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slim"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Flimsy;
frail.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Slim"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Slimier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slimiest</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
slime; resembling slime; of the nature of slime; viscous; glutinous;
also, covered or daubed with slime; yielding, or abounding in,
slime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Slimy</i> things did crawl with legs<BR>
Upon the <i>slimy</i> sea.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sli"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slyness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slinge</i>; akin
to OD. <i>slinge</i>, D. <i>slinger</i>, OHG. <i>slinga</i>; cf. OF.
<i>eslingue</i>, of German origin. See <u>Sling</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for throwing
stones or other missiles, consisting of a short strap with two strings
fastened to its ends, or with a string fastened to one end and a light
stick to the other. The missile being lodged in a hole in the strap,
the ends of the string are taken in the hand, and the whole whirled
rapidly round until, by loosing one end, the missile is let fly with
centrifugal force.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or motion of hurling as with a
sling; a throw; figuratively, a stroke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>slings</i> and arrows of outrageous
fortune.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At one <i>sling</i><BR>
Of thy victorius arm, well-pleasing Son.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance for sustaining anything by
suspension</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of hanging
bandage put around the neck, in which a wounded arm or hand is
supported.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A loop of rope, or a rope or
chain with hooks, for suspending a barrel, bale, or other heavy
object, in hoisting or lowering.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
strap attached to a firearm, for suspending it from the
shoulder.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A band of rope
or iron for securing a yard to a mast; -- chiefly in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sling cart</b></col>, <cd>a kind of cart used to transport
cannon and their carriages, large stones, machines, etc., the objects
transported being slung, or suspended by a chain attached to the
axletree.</cd> -- <col><b>Sling dog</b></col>, <cd>one of a pair of
iron hooks used as part of a sling. See def. 3 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sling</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Slung</u> (?), Archaic <u>Slang</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Slung</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Slinging</u>.] [AS.
<i>slingan</i>; akin to D. <i>slingeren</i>, G. <i>schlingen</i>, to
wind, to twist, to creep, OHG. <i>slingan</i> to wind, to twist, to
move to and fro, Icel. <i>slyngva</i>, <i>sl&ouml;ngva</i>, to sling,
Sw. <i>slunga</i>, Dan. <i>slynge</i>, Lith. <i>slinkti</i> to creep.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw with a sling.</def> "Every one could
<i>sling</i> stones at an hairbreadth, and not miss."  <i>Judg. xx.
16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw; to hurl; to cast.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hang so as to swing; as, to <i>sling</i>
a pack.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut)</i> <def>To pass a rope round, as a
cask, gun, etc., preparatory to attaching a hoisting or lowering
tackle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schlingen</i> to
swallow.] <def>A drink composed of spirit (usually gin) and water
sweetened.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sling"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who slings, or
uses a sling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Slunk</u> (?), Archaic <u>Slank</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Slunk</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Slinking</u>.] [AS.
<i>slincan</i>; probably akin to G. <i>schleichen</i>, E.
<i>sleek</i>. See <u>Sleek</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To creep away meanly; to steal away; to
sneak.</def> "To <i>slink</i> away and hide."  <i>Tale of
Beryn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Back to the thicket <i>slunk</i><BR>
The guilty serpent.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There were some few who <i>slank</i> obliquely from
them as they passed.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To miscarry; -- said of female
beasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cast prematurely; -
- said of female beasts; as, a cow that <i>slinks</i> her
calf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slink</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Produced prematurely; as, a <i>slink</i> calf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Thin; lean.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Slink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
young of a beast brought forth prematurely, esp. a calf brought forth
before its time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thievish fellow; a sneak.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Slink"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thin; lank.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Slip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slipping</u>.] [OE. <i>slippen</i>; akin to LG. &amp; D.
<i>slippen</i>, MHG. <i>slipfen</i> (cf. Dan. <i>slippe</i>, Sw.
<i>slippa</i>, Icel. <i>sleppa</i>), and fr. OE. <i>slipen</i>, AS.
<i>sl&imacr;pan</i> (in comp.), akin to G. <i>schleifen</i> to slide,
glide, drag, whet, OHG. <i>sl&imacr;fan</i> to slide, glide, make
smooth, Icel. <i>sl&imacr;pa</i> to whet; cf. also AS.
<i>sl&?;pan</i>, Goth. <i>sliupan</i>, OS. <i>slopian</i>, OHG.
<i>sliofan</i>, G. <i>schliefen</i>, <i>schl&?;pfen</i>, which seem to
come from a somewhat different root form.  Cf. <u>Slope</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move along the
surface of a thing without bounding, rolling, or stepping; to slide;
to glide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To slide; to lose one's footing or one's
hold; not to tread firmly; as, it is necessary to walk carefully lest
the foot should <i>slip</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move or fly (out of place); to shoot; --
often with <i>out</i>, <i>off</i>, etc.; as, a bone may <i>slip</i>
out of its place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To depart, withdraw, enter, appear,
intrude, or escape as if by sliding; to go or come in a quiet, furtive
manner; as, some errors <i>slipped</i> into the work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus one tradesman <i>slips</i> away,<BR>
To give his partner fairer play.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thrice the flitting shadow <i>slipped</i>
away.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To err; to fall into error or
fault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is one that <i>slippeth</i> in his speech, but
not from his heart.</blockquote> <i>Ecclus. xix. 16.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To let slip</b></col>, <cd>to loose from the slip or noose,
as a hound; to allow to escape.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Cry, "Havoc," and <i>let slip</i> the dogs of
war.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to move smoothly and quickly; to slide; to convey gently
or secretly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He tried to <i>slip</i> a powder into her
drink.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To omit; to loose by negligence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>slip</i> no advantage<BR>
That my secure you.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut slips from; to cut; to take off; to
make a slip or slips of; as, to <i>slip</i> a piece of cloth or
paper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The branches also may be <i>slipped</i> and
planted.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To let loose in pursuit of game, as a
greyhound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lucento <i>slipped</i> me like his
greyhound.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause to slip or slide off, or out of
place; as, a horse <i>slips</i> his bridle; a dog <i>slips</i> his
collar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth (young) prematurely; to
slink.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To slip a cable</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Cable</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To slip off</b></col>, <cd>to take off
quickly; as, <i>to slip off</i> a coat.</cd> -- <col><b>To slip
on</b></col>, <cd>to put on in haste or loosely; as, <i>to slip on</i>
a gown or coat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slipe</i>,
<i>slip</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of slipping; as, a
<i>slip</i> on the ice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unintentional error or fault; a false
step.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This good man's <i>slip</i> mended his pace to
martyrdom.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A twig separated from the main stock; a
cutting; a scion; hence, a descendant; as, a <i>slip</i> from a
vine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A native <i>slip</i> to us from foreign
seeds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The girlish <i>slip</i> of a Sicilian
bride.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A slender piece; a strip; as, a <i>slip</i>
of paper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moonlit <i>slips</i> of silver cloud.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A thin <i>slip</i> of a girl, like a new moon<BR>
Sure to be rounded into beauty soon.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A leash or string by which a dog is held; -
- so called from its being made in such a manner as to slip, or become
loose, by relaxation of the hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We stalked over the extensive plains with Killbuck and
Lena in the <i>slips</i>, in search of deer.</blockquote> <i>Sir S.
Baker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An escape; a secret or unexpected
desertion; as, to give one the <i>slip</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A portion of the columns of
a newspaper or other work struck off by itself; a proof from a column
of type when set up and in the galley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Any covering easily slipped on.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A loose garment worn by a
woman.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A child's pinafore.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An outside covering or case; as, a pillow
<i>slip</i>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The <i>slip</i> or sheath
of a sword, and the like.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A counterfeit piece of money, being brass
covered with silver.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Matter found in troughs of grindstones
after the grinding of edge tools.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Sir W.
Petty.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Potter's clay in a very liquid state, used
for the decoration of ceramic ware, and also as a cement for handles
and other applied parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A particular quantity of yarn.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>An inclined plane on which a vessel is
built, or upon which it is hauled for repair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>An opening or space for vessels to lie in,
between wharves or in a dock; as, Peck <i>slip</i>.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>A narrow passage between buildings.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>A long seat or narrow pew in churches,
often without a door.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>A dislocation of a lead,
destroying continuity.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>The motion of the center
of resistance of the float of a paddle wheel, or the blade of an oar,
through the water horozontally, or the difference between a vessel's
actual speed and the speed which she would have if the propelling
instrument acted upon a solid; also, the velocity, relatively to still
water, of the backward current of water produced by the
propeller.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish, the
sole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>20.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A fielder stationed on
the off side and to the rear of the batsman. There are usually two of
them, called respectively <i>short slip</i>, and <i>long
slip</i>.</def></p>

<p>
</p>

<p><col><b>To give one the slip</b></col>, <cd>to slip away from one;
to elude one.</cd> -- <col><b>Slip dock</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Dock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Slip link</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
connecting link so arranged as to allow some play of the parts, to
avoid concussion.</cd> -- <col><b>Slip rope</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a rope by which a cable is secured preparatory to slipping.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Slip stopper</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>an arrangement for letting go the anchor suddenly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slip"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A board sliding
in grooves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"coat` cheese"</hw> (?). <def>A rich variety of new cheese,
resembling butter, but white.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slipes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Slip</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Sledge runners on which a skip is dragged
in a mine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"knot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>knot which slips
along the rope or line around which it is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"-on`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
overcoat worn upon the shoulders in the manner of a cloak.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Slip"page</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
slipping; also, the amount of slipping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, slips.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of light shoe, which may be slipped
on with ease, and worn in undress; a slipshoe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of apron or pinafore for
children.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kind of brake or shoe for a wagon
wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A piece, usually a plate,
applied to a sliding piece, to receive wear and afford a means of
adjustment; -- also called <i>shoe</i>, and <i>gib</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slipper animalcule</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
ciliated infusorian of the genus <i>Paramecium</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Slipper flower</b></col>.<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Slipperwort.</cd> -
- <col><b>Slipper limpet</b></col>, or <col><b>Slipper shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a boat shell.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slip"per</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slipur</i>.]
<def>Slippery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O! trustless state of earthly things, and
<i>slipper</i> hope<BR>
Of mortal men.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"pered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing
slippers.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"per*i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
slippery manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"per*i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being slippery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"per*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Slipperiness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Slip"per*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Calceolaria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Slipper</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality
opposite to adhesiveness; allowing or causing anything to slip or move
smoothly, rapidly, and easily upon the surface; smooth; glib; as, oily
substances render things <i>slippery</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not affording firm ground for confidence;
as, a <i>slippery</i> promise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>slippery</i> tops of human state.</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not easily held; liable or apt to slip
away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>slippery</i> god will try to loose his
hold.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Liable to slip; not standing firm.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Unstable; changeable; mutable; uncertain;
inconstant; fickle.</def> "The <i>slippery</i> state of kings."
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Uncertain in effect.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Wanton; unchaste; loose in morals.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Slippery elm</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>An American tree (<i>Ulmus fulva</i>) with a mucilagenous and
slightly aromatic inner bark which is sometimes used medicinally;
also, the inner bark itself</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A malvaceous
shrub (<i>Fremontia Californica</i>); -- so called on the Pacific
coast.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slip"pi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Slipperiness.</def> [R.] "The <i>slippiness</i> of the way."
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slipeg</i>.]
<def>Slippery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"shod`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearing shoes or slippers down at the heel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shivering urchin bending as he goes,<BR>
With <i>slipshod</i> heels.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: Careless in dress, manners,
style, etc.; slovenly; shuffling; as, <i>slipshod</i> manners; a
<i>slipshod</i> or loose style of writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy wit shall ne'er go <i>slipshod</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"shoe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slipper.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Evasive.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"slop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A reduplication of
<i>slop</i>.] <def>Weak, poor, or flat liquor; weak, profitless
discourse or writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip"string`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has
shaken off restraint; a prodigal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slip"thrift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
spendthrift.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Slish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>slash</i>.] <def>A cut; as, <i>slish</i> and slash.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slit</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>3d. pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Slide</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slit</u> or <u>Slitted</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Slitting</u>.] [OE. <i>slitten</i>, fr. <i>sliten</i>,
AS. <i>st&imacr;tan</i> to tear; akin to D. <i>slijten</i> to wear
out, G. <i>schleissen</i> to slit, split, OHG. <i>sl&imacr;zan</i> to
split, tear, wear out, Icel. <i>st&imacr;ta</i> to break, tear, wear
out, Sw. <i>slita</i>, Dan. <i>slide</i>.  Cf. <u>Eclat</u>,
<u>Slate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Slice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cut lengthwise; to cut into long pieces or strips; as, to
<i>slit</i> iron bars into nail rods; to <i>slit</i> leather into
straps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cut or make a long fissure in or upon;
as, to <i>slit</i> the ear or the nose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut; to sever; to divide.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>slits</i> the thin-spun life.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slite</i>.] <def>A long
cut; a narrow opening; as, a <i>slit</i> in the ear.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gill slit</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <i>Gill
opening</i>, under <u>Gill</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slith"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>schlittern</i>, LG. <i>schliddern</i>. See <u>Slide</u>.] <def>To
slide; to glide.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slit"-shell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of <i>Pleurotomaria</i>, a genus of beautiful,
pearly, spiral gastropod shells having a deep slit in the outer lip.
Many fossil species are known, and a few living ones are found in deep
water in tropical seas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, slits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slit"ting</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Slit</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slitting file</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i>
<sd><i>(i)</i></sd> of <u>File</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Slitting
mill</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A mill where iron bars or
plates are slit into narrow strips, as nail rods, and the like</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A machine used by lapidaries for slicing
stones, usually by means of a revolving disk, called a <i>slicer</i>,
supplied with diamond powder.</cd> -- <col><b>Slitting
roller</b></col>, <cd>one of a pair of rollers furnished with ribs
entering between similar ribs in the other roller, and cutting like
shears, -- used in slitting metals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Slip</u>.]
<def>To sneak.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slive</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sliven</i> to
split, cleave, AS. <i>sl&imacr;fan</i>.] <def>To cut; to split; to
separate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sliv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slivered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slivering</u>.] [See <u>Slive</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
cut or divide into long, thin pieces, or into very small pieces; to
cut or rend lengthwise; to slit; as, to <i>sliver</i> wood.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They 'll <i>sliver</i> thee like a turnip.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sliv"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
long piece cut ot rent off; a sharp, slender fragment; a
splinter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strand, or slender roll, of cotton or
other fiber in a loose, untwisted state, produced by a carding machine
and ready for the roving or slubbing which preceeds
spinning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Bait made of pieces of small
fish.  Cf. <u>Kibblings</u>.</def> [Local, U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sloak"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
species of seaweed. [Spelled also <i>slowcawn</i>.] See 3d
<u>Laver</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sloam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
layer of earth between coal seams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sloat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Slot</u> a bar.]
<def>A narrow piece of timber which holds together large pieces; a
slat; as, the <i>sloats</i> of a cart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slob"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Slabber</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slob"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>See
<u>Slabber</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A jellyfish.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Vet.)</i>
<def>Salivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slob"ber*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who slobbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slovenly farmer; a jobbing tailor.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slob"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wet; sloppy, as
land.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slock</hw> (?), <hw>Slock"en</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>To quench; to allay; to slake. See
<u>Slake</u>.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Slock"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Slock</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slocking stone</b></col>, <cd>a rich piece of ore displayed
in order to tempt persons to embark in a mining enterprise.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sloe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slo</i>, AS.
<i>sl&amacr;</i>; akin to D. <i>slee</i>, G. <i>schlehe</i>, OHG.
<i>sl</i>$<i>ha</i>, Dan. <i>slaaen</i>, Sw. <i>sl&?;n</i>, perhaps
originally, that which blunts the teeth, or sets them on edge (cf.
<u>Slow</u>); cf. Lith. <i>sliwa</i> a plum, Russ. <i>sliva</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small, bitter, wild European plum, the fruit of
the blackthorn (<i>Prunus spinosa</i>); also, the tree
itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slo"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>sluagh-
ghairm</i>, i.e., an army cry; <i>sluagh</i> army + <i>gairm</i> a
call, calling.] <def>The war cry, or gathering word, of a Highland
clan in Scotland; hence, any rallying cry.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1356 !></p>

<p><hw>Slog"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sluggish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Somnolence that is <i>sloggy</i>
slumbering</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sloke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sloakan</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sloo</hw> (?), or <hw>Slue</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A slough; a run or wet place. See 2d <u>Slough</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sloom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Slumber.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sloom"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sluggish;
slow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sloop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[D. <i>sloep</i>, of
uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Shallop</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel
having one mast and fore-and-aft rig, consisting of a boom-and-gaff
mainsail, jibs, staysail, and gaff topsail. The typical sloop has a
fixed bowsprit, topmast, and standing rigging, while those of a cutter
are capable of being readily shifted. The sloop usually carries a
centerboard, and depends for stability upon breadth of beam rather
than depth of keel. The two types have rapidly approximated since
1880. One radical distinction is that a slop may carry a centerboard.
See <u>Cutter</u>, and <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sloop of war</b></col>, <cd>formerly, a vessel of war
rigged either as a ship, brig, or schooner, and mounting from ten to
thirty-two guns; now, any war vessel larger than a gunboat, and
carrying guns on one deck only.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sloppe</i> a pool;
akin to As. <i>sloppe</i>, <i>slyppe</i>, the sloppy droppings of a
cow; cf. AS. <i>sl&?;pan</i> to slip, and E. <i>slip</i>, v.i.  Cf.
<u>Cowslip</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Water or other liquid
carelessly spilled or thrown aboyt, as upon a table or a floor; a
puddle; a soiled spot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mean and weak drink or liquid food; --
usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Dirty water; water in which
anything has been washed or rinsed; water from wash-bowls,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slop basin</b></col>, or <col><b>Slop bowl</b></col>, <cd>a
basin or bowl for holding slops, especially for receiving the rinsings
of tea or coffee cups at the table.</cd> -- <col><b>Slop
molding</b></col> <i>(Brickmaking)</i>, <cd>a process of manufacture
in which the brick is carried to the drying ground in a wet mold
instead of on a pallet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slopping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to overflow, as a
liquid, by the motion of the vessel containing it; to spill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spill liquid upon; to soil with a liquid
spilled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To overflow or be
spilled as a liquid, by the motion of the vessel containing it; --
often with <i>over</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>slop</i> a frock or
over-garment, fr. <i>sl&?;pan</i> to slip, to slide; akin to Icel
<i>sloppr</i> a thin garment; cf. OHG. <i>slouf</i> a garment.  Cf.
<u>Slip</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any kind
of outer garment made of linen or cotton, as a night dress, or a smock
frock.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A loose lower garment; loose breeches;
chiefly used in the plural.</def> "A pair of <i>slops</i>."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There's a French salutation to your French
<i>slop</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Ready-made clothes; also, among
seamen, clothing, bedding, and other furnishings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed (like <i>abode</i>
fr. <i>abide</i>) from OE. <i>slipen</i>. See <u>Slip</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An oblique direction; a line or
direction including from a horizontal line or direction; also,
sometimes, an inclination, as of one line or surface to
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any ground whose surface forms an angle
with the plane of the horizon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> buildings the summit and <i>slope</i> of a
hill.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Under the <i>slopes</i> of Pisgah.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. iv. 49. (Rev. Ver.).</i></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>slope</i>, considered as <i>descending</i>, is a
<i>declivity</i>; considered as <i>ascending</i>, an
<i>acclivity</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Slope of a plane</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the
direction of the plane; as, parallel planes have the same
<i>slope</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slope</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sloping.</def> "Down the
<i>slope</i> hills."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A bank not steep, but gently <i>slope</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slope</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sloping
manner.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sloped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sloping</u>.] <def>To form with a slope; to give an oblique or
slanting direction to; to direct obliquely; to incline; to slant; as,
to <i>slope</i> the ground in a garden; to <i>slope</i> a piece of
cloth in cutting a garment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slope</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take an oblique direction; to be at an angle with the plane of the
horizon; to incline; as, the ground <i>slopes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To depart; to disappear suddenly.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Slope"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
slope.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slope"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Obliquely.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slop"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclining or inclined
from the plane of the horizon, or from a horizontal or other right
line; oblique; declivous; slanting.</def> -- <wf>Slop"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sloping</i> land recedes into the
clouds.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slop"pi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sloppy; muddiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slop"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sloppier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sloppiest</u>.] [From <u>Slop</u>.]
<def>Wet, so as to spatter easily; wet, as with something slopped
over; muddy; plashy; as, a <i>sloppy</i> place, walk, road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slop"sell`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sells
slops, or ready-made clothes. See 4th <u>Slop</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slop"shop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shop where
slops. or ready-made clothes, are sold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slop"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The manufacture
of slops, or cheap ready-made clothing; also, such clothing; hence,
hasty, slovenly work of any kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>slopwork</i> ever dropped from his [Carlyle's]
pen.</blockquote> <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slop"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sloping;
inclined.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Slosh</hw> (?), <hw>Slosh"y</hw> (?) }. <def>See
<u>Slush</u>, <u>Slushy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LG. &amp; D. <i>slot</i> a
lock, from a verb meaning to close., to shut, D. <i>sluiten</i>; akin
to G. <i>schliessen</i>, OHG. <i>sliozan</i>, OFries. <i>sl&?;ta</i>,
and probably to L. <i>claudere</i>.  Cf. <u>Close</u>, <u>Sluice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A broad, flat, wooden bar; a slat or
sloat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bolt or bar for fastening a door.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A narrow depression, perforation, or
aperture; esp., one for the reception of a piece fitting or sliding in
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Slot</u> a bar.]
<def>To shut with violence; to slam; as, to <i>slot</i> a door.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>sl&?;&?;</i>, and
E. <i>sleuth</i>.] <def>The track of a deer; hence, a track of any
kind.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As a bloodhound follows the <i>slot</i> of a hurt
deer.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sloth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slouthe</i>,
<i>sleuthe</i>, AS. <i>sl&?;w&?;</i>, fr. <i>sl&amacr;w</i> slow. See
<u>Slow</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Slowness; tardiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These cardinals trifle with me; I abhor<BR>
This dilatory <i>sloth</i> and tricks of Rome.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disinclination to action or labor;
sluggishness; laziness; idleness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] change their course to pleasure, ease, and
<i>sloth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sloth</i>, like rust, consumes faster than labor
wears.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of arboreal edentates constituting the family
<i>Bradypodid&aelig;</i>, and the suborder Tardigrada. They have long
exserted limbs and long prehensile claws.  Both jaws are furnished
with teeth (see <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Edentata</u>), and the ears and
tail are rudimentary. They inhabit South and Central America and
Mexico.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The three-toed sloths belong to the genera <i>Bradypus</i>
and <i>Arctopithecus</i>, of which several species have been
described. They have three toes on each foot. The best-known species
are collared sloth (<i>Bradypus tridactylus</i>), and the ai
(<i>Arctopitheus ai</i>). The two-toed sloths, consisting the genus
<i>Cholopus</i>, have two toes on each fore foot and three on each
hind foot. The best-known is the unau (<i>Cholopus didactylus</i>) of
South America. See <u>Unau</u>. Another species (<i>C. Hoffmanni</i>)
inhabits Central America.
   Various large extinct terrestrial edentates, such as Megatherium
and Mylodon, are often called <i>sloths</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Australian, or Native</b></col> <col><b>sloth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the koala.</cd> -- <col><b>Sloth
animalcule</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tardigrade.</cd> --
<col><b>Sloth bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a black or brown
long-haired bear (<i>Melursus ursinus, or labiatus</i>), native of
India and Ceylon; -- called also <i>aswail</i>, <i>labiated bear</i>,
and <i>jungle bear</i>.  It is easily tamed and can be taught many
tricks.</cd> -- <col><b>Sloth monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a loris.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sloth</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be idle.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sloth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Addicted to
sloth; inactive; sluggish; lazy; indolent; idle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He also that is <i>slothful</i> in his work is brother
to him that is a great waster.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xviii. 9.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sloth"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sloth"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sloth"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Slot</u> a
track, and cf. <u>Sleuthhound</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sleuthhound</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slot"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
slot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slot"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of making slots, or mortises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slouch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>sl&?;kr</i>a slouching felloew, and E. <i>slack</i>, <i>slug</i>, a
lazy fellow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hanging down of the head; a
drooping attitude; a limp appearance; an ungainly, clownish gait; a
sidewise depression or hanging down, as of a hat brim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An awkward, heavy, clownish fellow.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Slouth hat</b></col>, <cd>a soft, limp hat of unstiffened
cloth or felt.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slouch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slouched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slouching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To droop, as the
head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk in a clumsy, lazy manner.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Slouch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to hang
down; to depress at the side; as, to <i>slouth</i> the hat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slouch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hanging down at the
side; limp; drooping; without firmness or shapeliness; moving in an
ungainly manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slouch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slouching.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Slough</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slogh</i>,
<i>slough</i>, AS. <i>sl&omacr;h</i> a hollow place; cf. MHG.
<i>sl&umacr;ch</i> an abyss, gullet, G. <i>schlucken</i> to swallow;
also Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>sloc</i> a pit, pool. ditch, Ir. <i>slug</i> to
swallow. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to hiccough, to sob.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A place of deep mud or mire; a hole full of mire.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He's here stuck in a <i>slough</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [<i>Pronounced</i> sl&oomac;.] <def>A wet place;
a swale; a side channel or inlet from a river.</def> [In this sense
local or provincial; also spelt <i>sloo</i>, and <i>slue</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Slough grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name in the
Mississippi valley for grasses of the genus <i>Muhlenbergia</i>; --
called also <i>drop seed</i>, and <i>nimble Will</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slough</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Slee</u>,
to slay. Slew.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slugh</i>,
<i>slouh</i>; cf. MHG. <i>sl&?;ch</i> the skin of a serpent, G.
<i>schlauch</i> a skin, a leather bag or bottle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The skin, commonly the cast-off skin, of a serpent or of some
similar animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The dead mass separating from
a foul sore; the dead part which separates from the living tissue in
mortification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slough</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sloughed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sloughing</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To form a slough; to separate in
the form of dead matter from the living tissues; -- often used with
<i>off</i>, or <i>away</i>; as, a <i>sloughing</i> ulcer; the dead
tissues <i>slough</i> off slowly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slough</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cast off; to
discard as refuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>New tint the plumage of the birds,<BR>
And <i>slough</i> decay from grazing herds.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slough"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The act of casting off the skin or shell, as do insects and
crustaceans; ecdysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slough"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of sloughs,
miry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slough"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling, or of
the nature of, a slough, or the dead matter which separates from
living flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slov"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>slaf</i>
careless, negligent, a sloven; akin to LG. <i>sluf</i> slovenly.]
<def>A man or boy habitually negligent of neathess and order; -- the
correlative term to <i>slattern</i>, or <i>slut</i>.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He became a confirmed <i>sloven</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slov"en*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being slovenly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slov"en*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the habits of a sloven; negligent of neatness and order,
especially in dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>slovenly</i>, lazy fellow, lolling at his
ease.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of a sloven; lacking
neatness and order; evincing negligence; as, <i>slovenly</i>
dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slov"en*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>a slovenly
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slov"en*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Slovenliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slov"en*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Slovenliness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slow</hw> (sl&omacr;), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Slee</u>, to slay. <def>Slew.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slow</hw> (sl&omacr;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Slower</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Slowest</u>.] [OE. <i>slow</i>,
<i>slaw</i>, AS. <i>sl&amacr;w</i>; akin to OS. <i>sl&emacr;u</i>
blunt, dull, D. <i>sleeuw</i>, <i>slee</i>, sour, OHG.
<i>sl&emacr;o</i> blunt, dull, Icel. <i>sl&omacr;r</i>,
<i>sl&aelig;r</i>, Dan. <i>sl&ouml;v</i>, Sw. <i>sl&ouml;</i>.  Cf.
<u>Sloe</u>, and <u>Sloth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving a short
space in a relatively long time; not swift; not quick in motion; not
rapid; moderate; deliberate; as, a <i>slow</i> stream; a <i>slow</i>
motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not happening in a short time; gradual;
late.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These changes in the heavens, though <i>slow</i>,
produced<BR>
Like change on sea and land, sidereal blast.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not ready; not prompt or quick; dilatory;
sluggish; as, <i>slow</i> of speech, and <i>slow</i> of
tongue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fixed on defense, the Trojans are not <i>slow</i><BR>
To guard their shore from an expected foe.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not hasty; not precipitate; acting with
deliberation; tardy; inactive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is <i>slow</i> to wrath is of great
understanding.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xiv. 29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Behind in time; indicating a time earlier
than the true time; as, the clock or watch is <i>slow</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not advancing or improving rapidly; as, the
<i>slow</i> growth of arts and sciences.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Heavy in wit; not alert, prompt, or
spirited; wearisome; dull.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Dickens.
Thackeray.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Slow</i> is often used in the formation of compounds for
the most part self-explaining; as, <i>slow</i>-gaited, <i>slow</i>-
paced, <i>slow</i>-sighted, <i>slow</i>-winged, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Slow coach</b></col>, <cd>a slow person. See def.7,
above.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Slow lemur</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Slow loris</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd> an East Indian
nocturnal lemurine animal (<i>Nycticebus tardigradus</i>) about the
size of a small cat; -- so called from its slow and deliberate
movements. It has very large round eyes and is without a tail. Called
also <i>bashful Billy</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Slow match</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Match</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dilatory; late; lingering; tardy; sluggish; dull;
inactive.  -- <u>Slow</u>, <u>Tardy</u>, <u>Dilatory</u>. <i>Slow</i>
is the wider term, denoting either a want of rapid motion or inertness
of intellect. <i>Dilatory</i> signifies a proneness to <i>defer</i>, a
habit of delaying the performance of what we know must be done.
<i>Tardy</i> denotes the habit of being behind hand; as, <i>tardy</i>
in making up one's acounts.</p>

<p><hw>Slow</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Slowly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him have time to mark how <i>slow</i> time goes<BR>
In time of sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slowing</u>.] <def>To render slow; to slacken the speed of; to
retard; to delay; as, to <i>slow</i> a steamer.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slow</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go slower; -- often
with <i>up</i>; as, the train <i>slowed</i> up before crossing the
bridge.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Slow</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A moth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slow"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lubber; an
idle fellow; a loiterer.</def> [Old Slang]  <i>Dr. Favour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slowh</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Slee</u>,to slay.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slow"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sleuthhound.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Slow"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a slow manner;
moderately; not rapidly; not early; not rashly; not readly;
tardly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slow"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being slow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slows</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Milk
sickness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slow"-wit`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dull of
apprehension; not possessing quick intelligence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slow"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sl&amacr;wyrm</i>; the first part is probably akin to
<i>sle&aacute;n</i> to strike, the reptile being supposed to be very
poisonous. See <u>Slay</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and <u>Worm</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lecertilian reptile; the
blindworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>A
roll of wool slightly twisted; a rove; -- called also
<i>slubbing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slubbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slubbing</u>.] <def>To draw out and twist slightly; -- said of
slivers of wool.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slub"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slubbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slubbering</u>.] [Cf. Dan. <i>slubbre</i>to swallow, to sup up, D.
<i>slobberen</i> to lap, to slabber.  Cf. <u>Slabber</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To do lazily, imperfectly, or
coarsely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Slubber</i> not business for my sake.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To daub; to stain; to cover
carelessly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no art that hath more . . . <i>slubbered</i>
with aphorisming pedantry than the art of policy.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slub"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slubbing
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slub"ber*de*gul`lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Slubber</i> + Prov. E. <i>gullion</i> a wretch.] <def>A mean,
dirty wretch.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><hw>Slub"ber*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
slovenly, or hurried and imperfect, manner.</def> [Low]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slub"bing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Slub</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slubbing billy</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Slubbing
machine</b></col>, <cd>the machine by which slubs are formed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sludge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Slush</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mud; mire; soft mud; slush.</def>
<i>Mortimer. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Small floating pieces of ice, or masses of
saturated snow.</def>  <i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>See <u>Slime</u>,
4.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sludge hole</b></col>, <cd>the hand-hole, or manhole, in a
steam boiler, by means of which sediment can be removed.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1357 !></p>

<p><hw>Slud"ger</hw> (sl&ubreve;j"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A bucket for removing mud from a bored hole; a sand
pump.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slud"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Miry;
slushy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slued</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sluing</u> (&?;).] [Prov. E. <i>slew</i> to turn round, Scot. to
lean or incline to a side; cf. Icel. <i>sn&?;a</i> to turn, bend.]
[Written also <i>slew</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
turn about a fixed point, usually the center or axis, as a spar or
piece of timber; to turn; -- used also of any heavy body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In general, to turn about; to twist; --
often used reflexively and followed by <i>round</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They laughed, and <i>slued</i> themselves
round.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slue</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn about; to turn
from the course; to slip or slide and turn from an expected or desired
course; -- often followed by <i>round</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slue</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sloough</u>,
2.</def> [Local]</p>

<p><hw>Slug</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slugge</i>
slothful, <i>sluggen</i> to be slothful; cf. LG. <i>slukk</i> low-
spirited, sad, E. <i>slack</i>, <i>slouch</i>, D. <i>slak</i>,
<i>slek</i>, a snail.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A drone; a slow, lazy
fellow; a sluggard.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hindrance; an obstruction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of terrestrial pulmonate mollusks belonging to Limax and
several related genera, in which the shell is either small and
concealed in the mantle, or altogether wanting. They are closely
allied to the land snails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any smooth, soft larva
of a sawfly or moth which creeps like a mollusk; as, the pear
<i>slug</i>; rose <i>slug</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A ship that sails slowly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His rendezvous for his fleet, and for all <i>slugs</i>
to come to, should be between Calais and Dover.</blockquote>
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [Perhaps a different word.] <def>An irregularly
shaped piece of metal, used as a missile for a gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A thick strip of metal less
than type high, and as long as the width of a column or a page, --
used in spacing out pages and to separate display lines,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sea slug</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Any nudibranch mollusk</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
holothurian.</cd> -- <col><b>Slug caterpillar</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<u>Slugworm</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slug</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move slowly; to lie
idle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>slug</i> in sloth and sensual
delight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make sluggish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slugging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To load with a slug or
slugs; as, to <i>slug</i> a gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike heavily.</def> [Cant or
Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Slug</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become reduced in
diameter, or changed in shape, by passing from a larger to a smaller
part of the bore of the barrel; -- said of a bullet when fired from a
gun, pistol, or other firearm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slug"a*bed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
indulges in lying abed; a sluggard.</def> [R.] "Fie, you
<i>slugabed</i>!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug"gard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Slug</i> + <i>-
ard</i>.] <def>A person habitually lazy, idle, and inactive; a
drone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go to the ant, thou <i>sluggard</i>; consider her ways,
and be wise.</blockquote> <i>Prov. vi. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug"gard</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sluggish; lazy.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug"gard*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
lazy.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug"gard*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sloggardye</i>.] <def>The state of being a sluggard; sluggishness;
sloth.</def>  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Idleness is rotten <i>sluggardy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strikes
heavy blows; hence, a boxer; a prize fighter.</def> [Cant or
Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Slug"gish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive; as, a
<i>sluggish</i> man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slow; having little motion; as, a
<i>sluggish</i> stream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having no power to move one's self or
itself; inert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Matter, being impotent, <i>sluggish</i>, and inactive,
hath no power to stir or move itself.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the <i>sluggish</i> land slumbers in utter
neglect.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid;
tame; simple.</def> [R.] "So <i>sluggish</i> a conceit."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inert; idle; lazy; slothful; indolent; dronish;
slow; dull; drowsy; inactive. See <u>Inert</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Slug"gish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Slug"gish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Slug"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sluggish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slug"-horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>An erroneous
form of the Scotch word <i>slughorne</i>, or <i>sloggorne</i>, meaning
<i>slogan</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slugs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Half-roasted ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slug"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any caterpillar which has the general appearance of a slug, as do
those of certain moths belonging to <i>Limacodes</i> and allied
genera, and those of certain sawflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sluice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escluse</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;cluse</i>, LL. <i>exclusa</i>, <i>sclusa</i>, from L.
<i>excludere</i>, <i>exclusum</i>, to shut out: cf. D. <i>sluis</i>
sluice, from the Old French. See <u>Exclude</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An artifical passage for water, fitted with a valve or gate, as
in a mill stream, for stopping or regulating the flow; also, a water
gate or flood gate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, an opening or channel through which
anything flows; a source of supply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each <i>sluice</i> of affluent fortune opened
soon.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This home familiarity . . . opens the <i>sluices</i> of
sensibility.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The stream flowing through a flood
gate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A long box or trough
through which water flows, -- used for washing auriferous
earth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sluice gate</b></col>, <cd>the sliding gate of a
sluice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sluice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sluiced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sluicing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To emit by, or as by,
flood gates.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wet copiously, as by opening a sluice;
as, to <i>sluice</i> meadows.</def>  <i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He dried his neck and face, which he had been
<i>sluicing</i> with cold water.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wash with, or in, a stream of water
running through a sluice; as, to <i>sluice</i> eart or gold dust in
mining.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sluice"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An artificial
channel into which water is let by a sluice; specifically, a trough
constructed over the bed of a stream, so that logs, lumber, or rubbish
can be floated down to some convenient place of delivery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slui`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Falling copiously
or in streams, as from a sluice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And oft whole sheets descend of <i>sluicy</i>
rain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Slump</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A foul back street of a
city, especially one filled with a poor, dirty, degraded, and often
vicious population; any low neighborhood or dark retreat; -- usually
in the plural; as, Westminster <i>slums</i> are haunts for
theives.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Slimes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slumbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slumbering</u>.] [OE. <i>slombren</i>, <i>slumberen</i>,
<i>slumeren</i>, AS. <i>slumerian</i>, fr. <i>sluma</i> slumber; akin
to D. <i>sluimeren</i> to slumber, MHG. <i>slummern</i>,
<i>slumen</i>, G. <i>schlummern</i>, Dan. <i>slumre</i>, Sw.
<i>slumra</i>, Goth. <i>slawan</i> to be silent.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To sleep; especially, to sleep lightly; to doze.</def>  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that keepeth Israel shall neither <i>slumber</i> nor
sleep.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxi. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in a state of negligence, sloth,
supineness, or inactivity.</def> "Why <i>slumbers</i> Pope?"
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To lay to sleep.</def> [R.]  <i>Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stun; to stupefy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sleep; especially,
light sleep; sleep that is not deep or sound; repose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He at last fell into a <i>slumber</i>, and thence into
a fast sleep, which detained him in that place until it was almost
night.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fast asleep? It is no matter;<BR>
Enjoy the honey-heavy dew of <i>slumber</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rest to my soul, and <i>slumber</i> to my
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
slumbers; a sleeper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
slumbering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without slumber;
sleepless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inviting slumber; soporiferous.</def> "Pensive in the
<i>slumberous</i> shade."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being in the repose of slumber; sleepy;
drowsy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His quiet and almost <i>slumberous</i>
countenance.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sleepy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum"brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Slumberous.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slum"ming</hw>, <pos><i>vb. n.</i></pos> <def>Visiting
slums.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>slomp</i> a
mass, heap, Dan. <i>slump</i> a quantity, and E. <i>slump</i>, v.t.]
<def>The gross amount; the mass; the lump.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Slump</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Lump</u>; also Sw.
<i>slumpa</i> to bargain for the lump.] <def>To lump; to throw into a
mess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These different groups . . . are exclusively
<i>slumped</i> together under that sense.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slumped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slumping</u>.] [Scot. <i>slump</i> a dull noise produced by
something falling into a hole, a marsh, a swamp.] <def>To fall or sink
suddenly through or in, when walking on a surface, as on thawing snow
or ice, partly frozen ground, a bog, etc., not strong enough to bear
the person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The latter walk on a bottomless quag, into which
unawares they may <i>slump</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slump</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
boggy place.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The noise made by anything falling into a
hole, or into a soft, miry place.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Slump"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily broken
through; boggy; marshy; swampy.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sling</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Slung shot</b></col>, <cd>a metal ball of small size, with
a string attached, used by ruffians for striking.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Slunk</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Slink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slur</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slurred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slurring</u> (?).] [Cf. OE. <i>sloor</i> mud, clay, Icel.
<i>sl&?;ra</i>, <i>slo&?;ra</i>, to trail or drag one's self along, D.
<i>sleuren</i>, <i>sloren</i>, to train, to drag, to do negligently
and slovenly, D. <i>sloor</i>, <i>sloerie</i>, a sluttish girl.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To soil; to sully; to contaminate; to
disgrace.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disparage; to traduce.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cover over; to disguise; to conceal; to
pass over lightly or with little notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With periods, points, and tropes, he <i>slurs</i> his
crimes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cheat, as by sliding a die; to
trick.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>slur</i> men of what they fought
for.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To pronounce indistinctly; as, to
<i>slur</i> syllables.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To sing or perform in a
smooth, gliding style; to connect smoothly in performing, as several
notes or tones.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To blur or double, as an
impression from type; to mackle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slur</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark
or stain; hence, a slight reproach or disgrace; a stigma; a
reproachful intimation; an innuendo.</def> "Gaining to his name a
lasting <i>slur</i>."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trick played upon a person; an
imposition.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A mark, thus [&upslur; or
&downslur;], connecting notes that are to be sung to the same
syllable, or made in one continued breath of a wind instrument, or
with one stroke of a bow; a tie; a sign of legato.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In knitting machines, a contrivance for
depressing the sinkers successively by passing over them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slurred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Marked with a slur; performed in a smooth, gliding style, like
notes marked with a slur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slush</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>slaska</i> to
paddle in water, <i>slask</i> wet, filth.] [Written also
<i>slosh</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Soft mud.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mixture of snow and water; half-melted
snow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A soft mixture of grease and other
materials, used for lubrication.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The refuse grease and fat collected in
cooking, especially on shipboard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A mixture of white lead and
lime, with which the bright parts of machines, such as the connecting
rods of steamboats, are painted to be preserved from
oxidation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slush</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slushed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slushing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To smear with slush or
grease; as, to <i>slush</i> a mast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To paint with a mixture of white lead and
lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slush"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in slush;
characterized by soft mud or half-melted snow; as, the streets are
<i>slushy</i>; the snow is <i>slushy</i>.</def> "A dark, drizzling,
<i>slushy</i> day."  <i>Blackw. Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>slutte</i>; cf. OD.
<i>slodde</i> a slut, Icel. <i>sl&ouml;ttr</i> a heavy, loglike
fellow, <i>slota</i> to droop.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An untidy
woman; a slattern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sluts</i> are good enough to make a sloven's
porridge.</blockquote> <i>Old Proverb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A servant girl; a drudge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our little girl Susan is a most admirable <i>slut</i>,
and pleases us mightly, doing more service than both the
others.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A female dog; a bitch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slutch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Sludge</u>.]
<def>Slush.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Slutch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slushy.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sluth"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sleuthhound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slut"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The qualities
and practices of a slut; sluttishness; slatternlines.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slut"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a slut;
untidy; indecently negligent of cleanliness; disorderly; as, a
<i>sluttish</i> woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why is thy lord so <i>slutish</i>, I thee
pray.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An air of liberal, though <i>sluttish</i>, plenty,
indicated the wealthy farmer.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Slut"tish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Slut"tish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Slier</u> (?) or <u>Slyer</u>; <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Sliest</u> or <u>Slyest</u>.] [OE. <i>sli</i>, <i>slegh</i>,
<i>sleih</i>, Icel <i>sl&?;gr</i>, for <i>sl&?;gr</i>; akin to Sw.
<i>slug</i>, Dan. <i>slu</i>, LG. <i>slou</i>, G. <i>schlau</i>;
probably to E. <i>slay</i>, v.t.; cf. G. ver<i>schlagen</i> sly. See
<u>Slay</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sleight</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dexterous in performing an action, so as to
escape notice; nimble; skillful; cautious; shrewd; knowing; -- in a
good sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be ye <i>sly</i> as serpents, and simple as
doves.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Matt. x. 16).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom graver age<BR>
And long experience hath made wise and <i>sly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Artfully cunning; secretly mischievous;
wily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For my <i>sly</i> wiles and subtle craftiness,<BR>
The litle of the kingdom I possess.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Done with, and marked by, artful and
dexterous secrecy; subtle; as, a <i>sly</i> trick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Envy works in a <i>sly</i> and imperceptible
manner.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Light or delicate; slight; thin.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>By the sly</b></col>, or <col><b>On the sly</b></col>,
<cd>in a sly or secret manner.</cd> [Colloq.] "Gazed on Hetty's charms
<i>by the sly</i>." <i>G. Eliot.</i> -- <col><b>Sly goose</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common sheldrake; -- so named from its
craftiness.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cunning; crafty; subtile; wily. See
<u>Cunning</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Slyly.</def> [Obs. or
Poetic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sly"boots`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A humerous
appellation for a sly, cunning, or waggish person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Slyboots</i> was cursedly cunning to hide
'em.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sly"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sly manner;
shrewdly; craftily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Honestly and <i>slyly</i> he it spent.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sly"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being sly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slype</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>sluipen</i> to
sneak.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A narrow passage between two buildings, as
between the transept and chapter house of a monastery.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>smak</i>; akin to
LG. <i>smack</i>, <i>smak</i>, Dan. <i>smakke</i>, G. <i>schmacke</i>,
F. <i>semaque</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small sailing vessel,
commonly rigged as a sloop, used chiefly in the coasting and fishing
trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smak</i>, AS.
<i>ssm&?;c</i> taste, savor; akin to D. <i>smaak</i>, G.
ge<i>schmack</i>, OHG. <i>smac</i>; cf. Lith. <i>smagus</i> pleasant.
Cf. <u>Smack</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Taste or flavor, esp. a slight taste or flavor; savor; tincture;
as, a <i>smack</i> of bitter in the medicine. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So quickly they have taken a <i>smack</i> in
covetousness.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They felt the <i>smack</i> of this world.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small quantity; a taste.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A loud kiss; a buss.</def> "A clamorous
<i>smack</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A quick, sharp noise, as of the lips when
suddenly separated, or of a whip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A quick, smart blow; a slap.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smack</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As if with a smack or
slap.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Smack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smacked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smacking</u>.] [OE. <i>smaken</i> to taste, have a taste, -- from
the noun; cf. AS. <i>smecan</i> taste; akin to D. <i>smaken</i>, G.
<i>schmecken</i>, OHG. <i>smechen</i> to taste, smach&?;n to have a
taste (and, derived from the same source, G. <i>schmatzen</i> to smack
the lips, to kiss with a sharp noise, MHG. <i>smatzen</i>,
<i>smackzeen</i>), Icel <i>smakka</i> to taste, Sw. <i>smaka</i>, Dan.
<i>smage</i>. See 2d <u>Smack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a smack; to be tinctured with any
particular taste.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have or exhibit indications of the
presence of any character or quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> All sects, all ages, <i>smack</i> of this
vice.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To kiss with a close compression of the
lips, so as to make a sound when they separate; to kiss with a sharp
noise; to buss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make a noise by the separation of the
lips after tasting anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
kiss with a sharp noise; to buss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To open, as the lips, with an inarticulate
sound made by a quick compression and separation of the parts of the
mouth; to make a noise with, as the lips, by separating them in the
act of kissing or after tasting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drinking off the cup, and <i>smacking</i> his lips with
an air of ineffable relish.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make a sharp noise by striking; to
crack; as, to <i>smack</i> a whip.</def> "She <i>smacks</i> the silken
thong."  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smack"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp, quick noise;
a smack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the faint <i>smacking</i> of an after
kiss.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1358 !></p>

<p><hw>Smack"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making a sharp,
brisk sound; hence, brisk; as, a <i>smacking</i> breeze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Small</hw> (sm&add;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Smaller</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Smallest</u>.] [OE. <i>small</i>, AS.
<i>sm&aelig;l</i>; akin to D. <i>smal</i> narrow, OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>smal</i> small, G. <i>schmal</i> narrow, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>smal</i>,
Goth. <i>smals</i> small, Icel. <i>smali</i> smal cattle, sheep, or
goats; cf. Gr. <grk>mh^lon</grk> a sheep or goat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having little size, compared with other things of the same kind;
little in quantity or degree; diminutive; not large or extended in
dimension; not great; not much; inconsiderable; as, a <i>small</i>
man; a <i>small</i> river.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To compare<BR>
Great things with <i>small</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being of slight consequence; feeble in
influence or importance; unimportant; trivial; insignificant; as, a
<i>small</i> fault; a <i>small</i> business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Envincing little worth or ability; not
large-minded; -- sometimes, in reproach, paltry; mean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A true delineation of the <i>smallest</i> man is
capable of interesting the greatest man.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not prolonged in duration; not extended in
time; short; as, after a <i>small</i> space.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Weak; slender; fine; gentle; soft; not
loud.</def> "A still, <i>small</i> voice."  <i>1 Kings xix.
12.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Great and small</b></col>,<cd>of all ranks or degrees; --
used especially of persons.</cd>  "His quests, <i>great and
small</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Small arms</b></col>,
<cd>muskets, rifles, pistols, etc., in distinction from cannon.</cd> -
- <col><b>Small beer</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Beer</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Small coal</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Little coals of
wood formerly used to light fires</cd>. <i>Gay.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Coal about the size of a hazelnut, separated
from the coarser parts by screening.</cd> -- <col><b>Small
craft</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a vessel, or vessels in general,
of a small size.</cd> -- <col><b>Small fruits</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fruit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Small hand</b></col>, <cd>a certain size
of paper. See under <u>Paper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Small
hours</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Hour</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Small
letter</b></col>. <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a lower-case letter. See
<u>Lower-case</u>, and <i>Capital letter</i>, under <u>Capital</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Small piece</b></col>, <cd>a
Scotch coin worth about 2&frac14;d. sterling, or about
4&frac12;cents.</cd> -- <col><b>Small register</b></col>. <cd>See the
Note under 1st <u>Register</u>, 7.</cd> -- <col><b>Small
stuff</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>spun yarn, marline, and the
smallest kinds of rope.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i> -- <col><b>Small
talk</b></col>, <cd>light or trifling conversation; chitchat.</cd> --
<col><b>Small wares</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>various small textile
articles, as tapes, braid, tringe, and the like.</cd>
<i>M&lsquo;Culloch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Small</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
or to small extent, quantity, or degree; little; slightly.</def>
[Obs.] "I wept but <i>small</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i> "It <i>small</i>
avails my mood." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not loudly; faintly; timidly.</def> [Obs.
or Humorous]</p>

<p><blockquote>You may speak as <i>small</i> as you will.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Small</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
small or slender part of a thing; as, the <i>small</i> of the leg or
of the back.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Smallclothes.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Hood. Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Same as <i>Little go</i>. See
under <u>Little</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Small</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make little or
less.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Small"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Small</i> + F.
<i>ache</i> smallage. See <u>Ach</u> parsley.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
biennial umbelliferous plant (<i>Apium graveolens</i>) native of the
seacoats of Europe and Asia. When deprived of its acrid and even
poisonous properties by cultivation, it becomes
<i>celery</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Small"clothes`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A man's
garment for the hips and thighs; breeches. See
<u>Breeches</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Small"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat small.</def>
<i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Small"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being small.</def></p>

<p><hw>Small"pox`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Small</i> +
<i>pox</i>, <i>pocks</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A contagious,
constitutional, febrile disease characterized by a peculiar eruption;
variola. The cutaneous eruption is at first a collection of papules
which become vesicles (first flat, subsequently umbilicated) and then
pustules, and finally thick crusts which slough after a certain time,
often leaving a pit, or scar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smalls</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Small</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Small"sword`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light sword
used for thrusting only; especially, the sword worn by civilians of
rank in the eighteenth century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smal"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a small
quantity or degree; with minuteness.</def> [R.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smalt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>smalto</i>, LL.
<i>smaltum</i>; of Teutonic origin; cf. OHG. <i>smalz</i> grease,
butter, G. <i>schmalz</i> grease, OHG. <i>smelzan</i> to melt, G.
<i>schmelzen</i>. See <u>Smelt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Amel</u>, <u>Enamel</u>.] <def>A deep blue pigment or coloring
material used in various arts. It is a vitreous substance made of
cobalt, potash, and calcined quartz fused, and reduced to a
powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smalt"-blue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deep blue,
like smalt.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smalt"ine</hw> (?), <hw>Smalt"ite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Smalt</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A tin-
white or gray mineral of metallic luster. It is an arsenide of cobalt,
nickel, and iron. Called also <i>speiskobalt</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smar"agd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>smaragdus</i>.
See <u>Emerald</u>.] <def>The emerald.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sma*rag"dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>smaragdinus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to
emerald; resembling emerald; of an emerald green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sma*rag"dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>smaragdite</i>; -- so called from its emerald-green color. See
<u>Smaragd</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A green foliated kind of
amphibole, observed in eclogite and some varietis of gabbro.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smart</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smarted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smarting</u>.] [OE. <i>smarten</i>, AS. <i>smeortan</i>; akin to D.
<i>smarten</i>, <i>smerten</i>, G.  <i>schmerzen</i>, OHG.
<i>smerzan</i>, Dan. <i>smerte</i>, SW. <i>sm&auml;rta</i>, D.
<i>smart</i>, <i>smert</i>, a pain, G. <i>schmerz</i>, Ohg.
<i>smerzo</i>, and probably to L. <i>mordere</i> to bite; cf. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;, terrible, fearful, Skr. <i>m&?;d</i> to
rub, crush.  Cf. <u>Morsel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel a
lively, pungent local pain; -- said of some part of the body as the
seat of irritation; as, my finger <i>smarts</i>; these wounds
<i>smart</i>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feel a pungent pain of mind; to feel
sharp pain or grief; to suffer; to feel the sting of evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No creature <i>smarts</i> so little as a
fool.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is surety for a stranger shall <i>smart</i> for
it.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xi. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smart</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause a smart
in.</def> "A goad that . . . <i>smarts</i> the flesh."  <i>T.
Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smart</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smerte</i>. See
<u>Smart</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quick,
pungent, lively pain; a pricking local pain, as the pain from puncture
by nettles.</def> "In pain's <i>smart</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Severe, pungent pain of mind; pungent
grief; as, the <i>smart</i> of affliction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To stand 'twixt us and our deserved
<i>smart</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Counsel mitigates the greatest
<i>smart</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fellow who affects smartness, briskness,
and vivacity; a dandy.</def> [Slang]  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Smart money (see below).</def> [Canf]</p>

<p><hw>Smart</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Smarter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Smartest</u>.] [OE.
<i>smerte</i>. See <u>Smart</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Causing a smart; pungent; pricking; as, a
<i>smart</i> stroke or taste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>smart</i> lash that speech doth give my
conscience.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Keen; severe; poignant; as, <i>smart</i>
pain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Vigorous; sharp; severe.</def>
"<i>Smart</i> skirmishes, in which many fell."  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Accomplishing, or able to accomplish,
results quickly; active; sharp; clever.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Efficient; vigorous; brilliant.</def> "The
stars shine <i>smarter</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Marked by acuteness or shrewdness; quick in
suggestion or reply; vivacious; witty; as, a <i>smart</i> reply; a
<i>smart</i> saying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who, for the poor renown of being <i>smart</i><BR>
Would leave a sting within a brother's heart?</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sentence or two, . . . which I thought very
<i>smart</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Pretentious; showy; spruce; as, a
<i>smart</i> gown.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Brisk; fresh; as, a <i>smart</i>
breeze.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Smart money</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Money paid
by a person to buy himself off from some unpleasant engagement or some
painful situation</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>Money
allowed to soldiers or sailors, in the English service, for wounds and
injures received; also, a sum paid by a recruit, previous to being
sworn in, to procure his release from service</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>Vindictive or exemplary damages;
damages beyond a full compensation for the actual injury done</cd>.
<i>Burrill.</i> <i>Greenleaf.</i> -- <col><b>Smart ticket</b></col>,
<cd>a certificate given to wounded seamen, entitling them to smart
money.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pungent; poignant; sharp; tart; acute; quick;
lively; brisk; witty; clever; keen; dashy; showy.  -- <u>Smart</u>,
<u>Clever</u>. <i>Smart</i> has been much used in New England to
describe a person who is intelligent, vigorous, and active; as, a
<i>smart</i> young fellow; a <i>smart</i> workman, etc., conciding
very nearly with the English sense of <i>clever</i>. The nearest
approach to this in England is in such expressions as, he was
<i>smart</i> (pungent or witty) in his reply, etc.; but <i>smart</i>
and smartness, when applied to persons, more commonly refer to dress;
as, a <i>smart</i> appearance; a <i>smart</i> gown, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Smart"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make smart
or spruce; -- usually with <i>up</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She had to go and <i>smarten</i> herself up
somewhat.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smar"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To waste
away.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smart"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a smart
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smart"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being smart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smart"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An acrid plant of the genus <i>Polygonum</i> (<i>P.
Hydropiper</i>), which produces smarting if applied where the skin is
tender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smash</hw> (sm&abreve;sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Smashed</u> (sm&abreve;sht);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Smashing</u>.] [Cf. Sw.
<i>smisk</i> a blow, stroke, <i>smiska</i> to strike, dial. Sw.
<i>smaske</i> to kiss with a noise, and E. <i>smack</i> a loud kiss, a
slap.] <def>To break in pieces by violence; to dash to pieces; to
crush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here everything is broken and <i>smashed</i> to
pieces.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To break up, or to
pieces suddenly, as the result of collision or pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
breaking or dashing to pieces; utter destruction; wreck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, bankruptcy.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Smash"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, smashes or breaks
things to pieces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything very large or extraordinary.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who passes counterfeit coin.</def>
[Cant, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smach</i>,
<i>smak</i>. See <u>Smack</u> taste.] <def>Taste; tincture;
smack.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy life hath had some <i>smatch</i> of honor in
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smatch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To smack.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Banister (1578).</i></p>

<p><hw>Smat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smateren</i>
to make a noise; cf. Sw. <i>smattra</i> to clatter, to crackle, G.
<i>schmettern</i> to dash, crash, to warble, quaver.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To talk superficially or ignorantly; to
babble; to chatter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of state affairs you can not
<i>smatter</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a slight taste, or a slight,
superficial knowledge, of anything; to smack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To talk superficially about.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To gain a slight taste of; to acquire a
slight, superficial knowledge of; to smack.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Superficial knowledge;
a smattering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smat"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has
only a slight, superficial knowledge; a sciolist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smat"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slight,
superficial knowledge of something; sciolism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had a great desire, not able to attain to a
superficial skill in any, to have some <i>smattering</i> in
all.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smear</hw> (sm&emacr;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Smeared</u> (sm&emacr;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Smearing</u>.] [OE. <i>smeren</i>, <i>smerien</i>, AS.
<i>smierwan</i>, <i>smyrwan</i>, fr. <i>smeoru</i> fat, grease; akin
to D. <i>smeren</i>, OHG. <i>smirwen</i>, G. <i>schmieren</i>, Icel.
<i>smyrja</i> to anoint. See <u>Smear</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To overspread with anything unctuous, viscous,
or adhesive; to daub; as, to <i>smear</i> anything with oil.</def>
"<i>Smear</i> the sleepy grooms with blood."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To soil in any way; to contaminate; to
pollute; to stain morally; as, to be <i>smeared</i> with infamy.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smere</i>,.
<i>smeoru</i> fat, grease; akin to D. <i>smeer</i>, G. <i>schmeer</i>,
OHG. <i>smero</i>, Icel. <i>smj&ouml;r</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>sm&ouml;r</i> butter, Goth. <i>sma&iacute;r&thorn;r</i> fatness,
<i>smarna</i> dung; cf. Lith. <i>smarsas</i> fat.  Cf. <u>Smirch</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fat, oily substance; oinment.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a spot made by, or as by, an
unctuous or adhesive substance; a blot or blotch; a daub; a
stain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Slow broke the morn,<BR>
All damp and rolling vapor, with no sun,<BR>
But in its place a moving <i>smear</i> of light.</blockquote>
<i>Alexander Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smear" dab"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sand fluke
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smeared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the color mark ings ill defined, as if rubbed; as, the
<i>smeared</i> dagger moth (<i>Apatela oblinita</i>).</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Smear"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to smear or
soil; adhesive; viscous.</def>  <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smeath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The smew.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smec"tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>smectit</i>,
fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; a kind of fuller's earth, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;
to wipe off.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous silicate of alumina, of a
greenish color, which, in certain states of humidity, appears
transparent and almost gelatinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Smew</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The pintail duck.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The widgeon.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The poachard.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The smew.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smeeth</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>To smoke; to blacken with smoke; to rub with soot.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Smeeth</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sme&?;en</i>,
AS. <i>sm&?;&?;ian</i>. See <u>Smooth</u>.] <def>To smooth.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smeg"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; soap, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; to wash off.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The matter secreted by any of the sebaceous glands.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The soapy substance covering
the skin of newborn infants.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
cheesy, sebaceous matter which collects between the glans penis and
the foreskin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smeg*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being of the
nature of soap; soapy; cleansing; detersive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smeir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A salt glaze on
pottery, made by adding common salt to an earthenware glaze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smelled</u> (?), <u>Smelt</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Smelling</u>.] [OE. <i>smellen</i>,
<i>smillen</i>, <i>smullen</i>; cf. LG. <i>smellen</i>, <i>smelen</i>,
<i>sm&ouml;len</i>, <i>schmelen</i>, to smoke, to reek, D.
<i>smeulen</i> to smolder, and E. <i>smolder</i>.  Cf. <u>Smell</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perceive by the
olfactory nerves, or organs of smell; to have a sensation of, excited
through the nasal organs when affected by the appropriate materials or
qualities; to obtain the scent of; as, to <i>smell</i> a rose; to
<i>smell</i> perfumes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To detect or perceive, as if by the sense
of smell; to scent out; -- often with <i>out</i>.</def> "I
<i>smell</i> a device."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can you <i>smell</i> him out by that?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give heed to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From that time forward I began to <i>smell</i>the Word
of God, and forsook the school doctors.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To smell a rat</b></col>, <cd>to have a sense of something
wrong, not clearly evident; to have reason for suspicion.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>To smell out</b></col>, <cd>to find out by
sagacity.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Smell</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
affect the olfactory nerves; to have an odor or scent; -- often
followed by <i>of</i>; as, to <i>smell</i> of smoke, or of
musk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a particular tincture or smack of
any quality; to savor; as, a report <i>smells</i> of
calumny.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Praises in an enemy are superfluous, or <i>smell</i> of
craft.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To exercise the sense of smell.</def>
<i>Ex. xxx. 38.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To exercise sagacity.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smel</i>, <i>smil</i>,
<i>smul</i>, <i>smeol</i>. See <u>Smell</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sense or faculty by
which certain qualities of bodies are perceived through the
instrumentally of the olfactory nerves. See <u>Sense</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of any thing or substance, or
emanation therefrom, which affects the olfactory organs; odor; scent;
fragrance; perfume; as, the <i>smell</i> of mint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Breathing the <i>smell</i> of field and
grove.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That which, above all others, yields the sweetest
<i>smell</i> in the air, is the violent.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Scent; odor; perfume; fragrance.</p>

<p><hw>Smell"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who smells, or perceives by the sense of smell; one who gives
out smell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The nose.</def> [Pugilists' Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Smell"-feast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is apt to find and frequent good tables; a parasite; a
sponger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The epicure and the <i>smell-feast</i>.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A feast at which the guests are supposed to
feed upon the odors only of the viands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smell"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who smells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sense by which odors are perceived; the
sense of smell.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Smelling bottle</b></col>, <cd>a small bottle filled with
something suited to stimulate the sense of smell, or to remove
faintness, as spirits of ammonia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smell"-less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of smell;
having no odor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Daisies <i>smell-less</i>, yet most
quaint.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smelt</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Smell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smelt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>smelt</i>,
<i>smylt</i>; akin to Dan. <i>smelt</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of small silvery
salmonoid fishes of the genus <i>Osmerus</i> and allied genera, which
ascend rivers to spawn, and sometimes become landlocked in lakes. They
are esteemed as food, and have a peculiar odor and taste.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The most important species are the European smelt
(<i>Osmerus eperlans</i>) (called also <i>eperlan</i>,
<i>sparling</i>, and <i>spirling</i>), the Eastern American smelt
(<i>O. mordax</i>), the California smelt (<i>O. thalichthys</i>), and
the surf smelt (<i>Hypomesus olidus</i>). The name is loosely applied
to various other small fishes, as the lant, the California tomcod, the
spawn eater, the silverside.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Fig.: <def>A gull; a simpleton.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sand smelt</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
silverside.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smelt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smelted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smelting</u>.] [Of foreign origin; cf. Sw. <i>sm&auml;lta</i>, D.
<i>smelten</i>, Dan. <i>smelte</i>, Icel. <i>smelta</i>, G.
<i>schmelzen</i> OHG. <i>smelzan</i>, <i>smelzen</i>; probably akin to
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;.  Cf. <u>Enamel</u>, <u>Melt</u>, <u>Mute</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Smalt</u>.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To melt
or fuse, as, ore, for the purpose of separating and refining the
metal; hence, to reduce; to refine; to flux or scorify; as, to
<i>smelt</i> tin.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1359 !></p>

<p><hw>Smelt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, smelts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smelt"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house or place
for smelting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smelt"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fish, the
bib.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smelt"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Smelt</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Smelting furnace</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a furnace
in which ores are smelted or reduced.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smerk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Smirk</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smerk</hw> (?), <hw>Smerk"y</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Smart; jaunty; spruce. See <u>Smirk</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>smerk</i>, so smooth, his pricked
ears.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smer"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small loach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps for <i>ice-
mew</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>small European
merganser (<i>Mergus albellus</i>) which has a white crest; -- called
also <i>smee</i>, <i>smee duck</i>, <i>white merganser</i>, and
<i>white nun</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The hooded
merganser.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Smick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Akin to Sw.
<i>smickra</i> to flatter, Dan. <i>smigre</i>, and perhaps to G.
<i>schmeicheln</i>, and E. <i>smile</i>.  Cf. <u>Smicker</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To look amorously or wantonly; to
smirk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smick"er</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>smicere</i>
tasteful, trim. See <u>Smicker</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<def>Amorous; wanton; gay; spruce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Smick"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Amorous glance or
inclination.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>smickering</i> to our young lady."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smick"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>smock</i>.]
<def>A woman's under-garment; a smock.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smick"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Smugly;
finically.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smid"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Smithy</u>.]
<def>A smithy.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Smift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A match for firing a
charge of powder, as in blasting; a fuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smight</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To smite.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smil"a*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>similacine</i>. See <u>Smilax</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Parrilin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smi"lax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., bindweed, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of
perennial climbing plants, usually with a prickly woody stem; green
brier, or cat brier. The rootstocks of certain species are the source
of the medicine called sarsaparilla.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
delicate trailing plant (<i>Myrsiphyllum asparagoides</i>) much used
for decoration. It is a native of the Cape of Good Hope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smile</hw> (sm&imacr;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Smiled</u> (sm&imacr;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Smiling</u>.] [OE. <i>smilen</i>; akin to Dan.
<i>smile</i>, Sw. <i>smila</i>, MHG. <i>smielen</i>, <i>smieren</i>,
L. <i>mirari</i> to wonder at, Skr. <i>smi</i> to smile; and probably
to E. <i>smicker</i>. &radic;173.  Cf. <u>Admire</u>, <u>Marvel</u>,
<u>Smirk</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To express amusement, pleasure,
moderate joy, or love and kindness, by the features of the face; to
laugh silently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He doth nothing but frown. . . . He hears merry tales
and <i>smiles</i> not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>smiled</i> to see the doughty hero
slain.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When last I saw thy young blue eyes, they
<i>smiled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express slight contempt by a look
implying sarcasm or pity; to sneer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T was what I said to Craggs and Child,<BR>
Who praised my modesty, and <i>smiled</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To look gay and joyous; to have an
appearance suited to excite joy; as, <i>smiling</i> spring;
<i>smiling</i> plenty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The desert <i>smiled</i>,<BR>
And paradise was opened in the wild.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be propitious or favorable; to favor; to
countenance; -- often with <i>on</i>; as, to <i>smile</i> on one's
labors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smile</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
express by a smile; as, to <i>smile</i> consent; to <i>smile</i> a
welcome to visitors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To affect in a certain way with a
smile.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And sharply <i>smile</i> prevailing folly
dead.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. Dan. <i>smiil</i>, Sw.
<i>smil</i>. See <u>Smile</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of smiling; a peculiar change or
brightening of the face, which expresses pleasure, moderate joy,
mirth, approbation, or kindness; -- opposed to <i>frown</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet intercourse<BR>
Of looks and <i>smiles</i>: for <i>smiles</i> from reason
flow.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A somewhat similar expression of
countenance, indicative of satisfaction combined with malevolent
feelings, as contempt, scorn, etc; as, a scornful
<i>smile</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Favor; countenance; propitiousness; as, the
<i>smiles</i> of Providence.</def> "The <i>smile</i> of heaven."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Gay or joyous appearance; as, the
<i>smiles</i> of spring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brightness of their [the flowers'] <i>smile</i> was
gone.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smile"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having a
smile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
smiles.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smil"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
smile.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those happy <i>smilets</i><BR>
That played on her ripe lip.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smil"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a smiling
manner.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smil"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being smiling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And made despair a <i>smilingness</i>
assume.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smi"lo*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; a
carving knife + &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An
extinct genus of saber-toothed tigers. See
<u>Mach&?;rodus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smilt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To melt.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smin*thu"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; a
mouse + &?;&?;&?; tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
small species of springtails, of the family <i>Sminthurid&aelig;</i>,
-- usually found on flowers. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Collembola</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smirch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From the root of
<i>smear</i>.] <def>To smear with something which stains, or makes
dirty; to smutch; to begrime; to soil; to sully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll . . . with a kind of umber <i>smirch</i> my
face.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smirch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A smutch; a dirty
stain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smirk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smirked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smirking</u>.] [OE. <i>smirken</i>, ASS. <i>smercian</i>,
<i>smearcian</i>; cf. MHG. <i>smieren</i>, <i>smielen</i>, to smile.
See <u>Smile</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To smile in an
affected or conceited manner; to smile with affected complaisance; to
simper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smirk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A forced or affected
smile; a simper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bride, all <i>smirk</i> and blush, had just
entered.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smirk</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nice,; smart; spruce;
affected; simpering.</def> "So <i>smirk</i>, so smooth."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smirk"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With smirking;
with a smirk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smirk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Smirk;
smirking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smit</hw> (?), rare <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Smite</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Smit</i> with the beauty of so fair a
scene.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smit</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>3d. pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Smite</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smite</hw> (sm&imacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Smote</u> (sm&omacr;t), rarely <u>Smit</u>
(sm&ibreve;t); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Smitten</u>
(sm&ibreve;t"t'n), rarely <u>Smit</u>, or <u>Smote</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Smiting</u> (sm&imacr;t"&ibreve;ng).] [AS.
<i>sm&imacr;tan</i> to smite, to soil, pollute; akin to OFries.
<i>sm&imacr;ta</i> to smite, LG. <i>smiten</i>, D. <i>smijten</i>, G.
<i>schmeissen</i>, OHG. <i>sm&imacr;zan</i> to smear, stroke, OSw. &
dial. Sw. <i>smita</i> to smite, Dan. <i>smide</i> to throw, Goth.
bi<i>smeitan</i>, to anoint, besmear; cf. Skr. <i>m&emacr;d</i> to be
fat. The original sense seems to have been, to daub on, to smear.  Cf.
<u>Smut</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike; to inflict a blow
upon with the hand, or with any instrument held in the hand, or with a
missile thrown by the hand; as, to <i>smite</i> with the fist, with a
rod, sword, spear, or stone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever shall <i>smite</i> thee on thy right cheek,
turn to him the other also.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 39.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And David . . . took thence a stone, and slang it, and
<i>smote</i> the Philistine in his forehead.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam.
xvii. 49.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to strike; to use as an instrument
in striking or hurling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prophesy, and <i>smite</i> thine hands
together.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxi. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Saul . . . <i>smote</i> the javelin into the
wall.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xix. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the life of by beating, or by
weapons of any kind; to slay by a blow; to kill; as, to <i>smite</i>
one with the sword, or with an arrow or other instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put to rout in battle; to overthrow by
war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To blast; to destroy the life or vigor of,
as by a stroke or by some visitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flax and the barly was <i>smitten</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. ix. 31.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To afflict; to chasten; to
punish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us not mistake God's goodness, nor imagine, because
he <i>smites</i> us, that we are forsaken by him.</blockquote>
<i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To strike or affect with passion, as love
or fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The charms that <i>smite</i> the simple
heart.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Smit</i> with the love of sister arts we
came.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To smite off</b></col>, <cd>to cut off.</cd> -- <col><b>To
smite out</b></col>, <cd>to knock out, as a tooth.</cd> <i>Exod. xxi.
27.</i> -- <col><b>To smite with the tongue</b></col>, <cd>to reproach
or upbraid; to revile.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. xviii. 18.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Smite</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To strike; to collide;
to beat.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The heart melteth, and the knees smite
together.</blockquote> <i>Nah. ii. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of smiting; a
blow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smit"er</hw> (sm&imacr;t"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who smites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I give my back to the <i>smiters</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Isa. l. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith</hw> (sm&ibreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>smi&eth;</i>; akin to D. <i>smid</i>, G. <i>schmied</i>, OHG.
<i>smid</i>, Icel. <i>smi&eth;r</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>smed</i>, Goth.
<i>smi&thorn;a</i> (in comp.); cf. Gr. <grk>smi`lh</grk> a sort of
knife, <grk>sminy`h</grk> a hoe, mattock.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who forges with the hammer; one who works in metals; as, a
black<i>smith</i>, gold<i>smith</i>, silver<i>smith</i>, and the
like.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor yet the <i>smith</i> hath learned to form a
sword.</blockquote> <i>Tate.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who makes or effects anything.</def>
[R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>smi&eth;ian</i>.
See <u>Smith</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To beat into shape; to
forge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What smith that any [weapon]
<i>smitheth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith"craft`</hw> (-kr&adot;ft`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
art or occupation of a smith; smithing.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith"er</hw> (sm&ibreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Light, fine rain.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Fragments; atoms; finders.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Smash the bottle to <i>smithers</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith`er*eens"</hw> (sm&ibreve;&thlig;`&etilde;r*&emacr;nz"),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Fragments; atoms; smithers.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith"er*y</hw> (sm&ibreve;th"&etilde;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-ies</b></plw> (-&ibreve;z).
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The workshop of a smith; a smithy or
stithy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Work done by a smith; smithing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The din of all his <i>smithery</i> may some time or
other possibly wake this noble duke.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or art of
working or forging metals, as iron, into any desired shape.</def>
<i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smith*so"ni*an</hw> (-s&omacr;"n&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the Englishman J. L. M.
<i>Smithson</i>, or to the national institution of learning which he
endowed at Washington, D. C.; as, the <i>Smithsonian</i> Institution;
<i>Smithsonian</i> Reports.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
Smithsonian Institution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smith"son*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Smithsonian</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native zinc carbonate. It
generally occurs in stalactitic, reniform, or botryoidal shapes, of a
white to gray, green, or brown color. See Note under
<u>Calamine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smith"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>smi&eth;&eth;e</i>, fr. <i>smi&eth;</i>; akin to D. <i>smidse</i>,
<i>smids</i>, OHG. <i>smitta</i>, G. <i>schmiede</i>, Icel.
<i>smi&eth;ja</i>. See <u>Smith</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The
workshop of a smith, esp. a blacksmith; a smithery; a stithy.</def>
[Written also <i>smiddy</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Under a spreading chestnut tree<BR>
The village <i>smithy</i> stands.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smitt</hw> (sm&ibreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. G.
<i>schmitz</i> a stain, <i>schmitzen</i> besmear. See <u>Smite</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Fine clay or ocher made up into balls,
used for marking sheep.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smit"ten</hw> (sm&ibreve;t"t'n), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Smite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smit"tle</hw> (-t'l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Freq. fr. OE.
<i>smitten</i> to befoul. See <u>Smite</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To infect.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Infection.</def> [Pov.
Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smit"tle</hw> (sm&ibreve;t"t'l), <hw>Smit"tlish</hw> (-
tl&ibreve;sh), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infectious; catching.</def>
[Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]  <i>H. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smock</hw> (sm&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>smocc</i>; akin to OHG. <i>smocho</i>, Icel. <i>smokkr</i>, and
from the root of AS. <i>sm&umacr;gan</i> to creep, akin to G.
<i>schmiegen</i> to cling to, press close, MHG. <i>smiegen</i>, Icel.
<i>smj&umacr;ga</i> to creep through, to put on a garment which has a
hole to put the head through; cf. Lith. <i>smukti</i> to glide.  Cf.
<u>Smug</u>, <u>Smuggle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman's under-
garment; a shift; a chemise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In her <i>smock</i>, with head and foot all
bare.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blouse; a smoock frock.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smock</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
smock; resembling a smock; hence, of or pertaining to a
woman.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Smock mill</b></col>, <cd>a windmill of which only the cap
turns round to meet the wind, in distinction from a <i>post mill</i>,
whose whole building turns on a post.</cd> -- <col><b>Smock
race</b></col>, <cd>a race run by women for the prize of a smock.</cd>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Smock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To provide with, or
clothe in, a smock or a smock frock.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smock"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
feminine countenance or complexion; smooth-faced; girlish.</def>
<i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smock" frock`</hw> (?). <def>A coarse frock, or shirt, worn
over the other dress, as by farm laborers.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smock"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting a
smock.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smok"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
smoked; suitable or ready to be smoked; as, <i>smokable</i>
tobacco.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>smoca</i>, fr.
<i>sme&oacute;can</i> to smoke; akin to LG. &amp; D. <i>smook</i> smoke,
Dan. <i>sm&ouml;g</i>, G. <i>schmauch</i>, and perh. to Gr. &?;&?;&?;
to burn in a smoldering fire; cf. Lith. <i>smaugti</i> to choke.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The visible exhalation, vapor, or substance
that escapes, or expelled, from a burning body, especially from
burning vegetable matter, as wood, coal, peat, or the like.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The gases of hydrocarbons, raised to a red heat or
thereabouts, without a mixture of air enough to produce combustion,
disengage their carbon in a fine powder, forming <i>smoke</i>. The
disengaged carbon when deposited on solid bodies is <i>soot</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles smoke; a vapor; a
mist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything unsubstantial, as idle talk.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of smoking, esp. of smoking
tobacco; as, to have a <i>smoke</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Smoke</i> is sometimes joined with other word. forming
self-explaining compounds; as, <i>smoke</i>-consuming, <i>smoke</i>-
dried, <i>smoke</i>-stained, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Smoke arch</b></col>, <cd>the smoke box of a
locomotive.</cd> -- <col><b>Smoke ball</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a
ball or case containing a composition which, when it burns, sends
forth thick smoke.</cd> -- <col><b>Smoke black</b></col>,
<cd>lampblack.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Smoke board</b></col>, <cd>a
board suspended before a fireplace to prevent the smoke from coming
out into the room.</cd> -- <col><b>Smoke box</b></col>, <cd>a chamber
in a boiler, where the smoke, etc., from the furnace is collected
before going out at the chimney.</cd> -- <col><b>Smoke sail</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a small sail in the lee of the galley stovepipe,
to prevent the smoke from annoying people on deck.</cd> --
<col><b>Smoke tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrub (<i>Rhus
Cotinus</i>) in which the flowers are mostly abortive and the panicles
transformed into tangles of plumose pedicels looking like wreaths of
smoke.</cd> -- <col><b>To end in smoke</b></col>, <cd>to burned;
hence, to be destroyed or ruined; figuratively, to come to
nothing.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fume; reek; vapor.</p>

<p><hw>Smoke</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smoked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb n.</i></pos>
<u>Smoking</u>.] [AS. <i>smocian</i>; akin to D. <i>smoken</i>, G.
<i>schmauchen</i>, Dan. <i>sm&ouml;ge</i>. See <u>Smoke</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To emit smoke; to throw
off volatile matter in the form of vapor or exhalation; to
reek.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hard by a cottage chimney <i>smokes</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to burn; to be kindled; to
rage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The anger of the Lord and his jealousy shall
<i>smoke</i> agains. that man.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxix. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To raise a dust or smoke by rapid
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Proud of his steeds, he <i>smokes</i> along the
field.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To draw into the mouth the smoke of tobacco
burning in a pipe or in the form of a cigar, cigarette, etc.; to
habitually use tobacco in this manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To suffer severely; to be
punished.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some of you shall <i>smoke</i> for it in
Rome.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smoke</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
apply smoke to; to hang in smoke; to disinfect, to cure, etc., by
smoke; as, to <i>smoke</i> or fumigate infected clothing; to
<i>smoke</i> beef or hams for preservation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill or scent with smoke; hence, to fill
with incense; to perfume.</def> "<i>Smoking</i> the temple."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To smell out; to hunt out; to find out; to
detect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I alone<BR>
<i>Smoked</i> his true person, talked with him.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was first <i>smoked</i> by the old Lord
Lafeu.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon that . . . I began to <i>smoke</i> that they were
a parcel of mummers.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To ridicule to the face; to quiz.</def>
[Old Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To inhale and puff out the smoke of, as
tobacco; to burn or use in smoking; as, to <i>smoke</i> a pipe or a
cigar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To subject to the operation of smoke, for
the purpose of annoying or driving out; -- often with <i>out</i>; as,
to <i>smoke</i> a woodchuck out of his burrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoke"-dry`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dry by or
in smoke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoke"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A building
where meat or fish is cured by subjecting it to a dense
smoke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoke"jack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contrivance
for turning a spit by means of a fly or wheel moved by the current of
ascending air in a chimney.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoke"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making or having no
smoke.</def> "<i>Smokeless</i> towers."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smok"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who dries or preserves by smoke.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who smokes tobacco or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A smoking car or compartment.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Smoke"stack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chimney;
esp., a pipe serving as a chimney, as the pipe which carries off the
smoke of a locomotive, the funnel of a steam vessel, etc.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1360 !></p>

<p><hw>Smok"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a smoky
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smok"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being smoky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smok"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Smoke</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Smoking bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the long pod of
the catalpa, or Indian-bean tree, often smoked by boys as a substitute
for cigars.</cd> -- <col><b>Smoking car</b></col>, <cd>a railway car
carriage reserved for the use of passengers who smoke
tobacco.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smok"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Smokier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Smokiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Emitting smoke, esp. in large quantities or in an offensive
manner; fumid; as, <i>smoky</i> fires.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the appearance or nature of smoke;
as, a <i>smoky</i> fog.</def> "Unlustrous as the <i>smoky</i> light."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Filled with smoke, or with a vapor
resembling smoke; thick; as, a <i>smoky</i> atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Subject to be filled with smoke from
chimneys or fireplace; as, a <i>smoky</i> house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Tarnished with smoke; noisome with smoke;
as, <i>smoky</i> rafters; <i>smoky</i> cells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Suspicious; open to suspicion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Foote.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Smoky quartz</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of
quartz crystal of a pale to dark smoky-brown color. See
<u>Quartz</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smol"der</hw>, <hw>Smoul"der</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Smoldered</u> (?) or
<u>Smouldered</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Smoldering</u>
or <u>Smouldering</u>.] [OE. <i>smolderen</i>; cf. Prov. G.
<i>sm&ouml;len</i>, <i>smelen</i>, D. <i>smeulen</i>.  Cf.
<u>Smell</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To burn and smoke without
flame; to waste away by a slow and supressed combustion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>smoldering</i> dust did round about him
smoke.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exist in a state of suppressed or
smothered activity; to burn inwardly; as, a <i>smoldering</i>
feud.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smol"der</hw>, <hw>Smoul"der</hw>, } <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To smother; to suffocate; to choke.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.
Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smol"der</hw>, <hw>Smoul"der</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Smoke; smother.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>smolder</i> stops our nose with
stench.</blockquote> <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smol"der*ing</hw>, <hw>Smoul"der*ing</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in a state of suppressed activity;
quiet but not dead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some evil chance<BR>
Will make the <i>smoldering</i> scandal break and blaze.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smol"der*ing*ness</hw>, <hw>Smoul"der*ing*ness</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of smoldering.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Smol"dry</hw>, <hw>Smoul"dry</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Smoldering; suffocating; smothery.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A flaming fire ymixt with <i>smoldry</i>
smoke.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smolt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
young salmon two or three years old, when it has acquired its silvery
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smooch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Smutch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>smorian</i>;
akin to D. &amp; LG. <i>smoren</i>, G. <i>schmoren</i> to stew.  Cf.
<u>Smother</u>.] <def>To suffocate or smother.</def> [Written also
<i>smore</i>.] [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Sir T. More.
Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smooth</hw> (sm&oomac;&thlig;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Smoother</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Smoothest</u>.] [OE. <i>smothe</i>,
<i>smethe</i>, AS. <i>sm&emacr;&eth;e</i>, <i>sm&oelig;&eth;e</i>,
where &emacr;, &oelig;, come from an older &omacr;; cf. LG.
<i>sm&ouml;de</i>, <i>sm&ouml;e</i>, <i>sm&ouml;dig</i>; of uncertain
origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having an even surface, or a surface
so even that no roughness or points can be perceived by the touch; not
rough; as, <i>smooth</i> glass; <i>smooth</i> porcelain.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The outlines must be <i>smooth</i>, imperceptible to
the touch, and even, without eminence or cavities.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evenly spread or arranged; sleek; as,
<i>smooth</i> hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Gently flowing; moving equably; not ruffled
or obstructed; as, a <i>smooth</i> stream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Flowing or uttered without check,
obstruction, or hesitation; not harsh; voluble; even;
fluent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The only <i>smooth</i> poet of those
times.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Waller was <i>smooth</i>; but Dryden taught to join<BR>
The varying verse, the full-resounding line.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When sage Minerva rose,<BR>
From her sweet lips <i>smooth</i> elocution flows.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Bland; mild; smoothing;
fattering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>smooth</i> discourse and mild behavior oft<BR>
Conceal a traitor.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech. &amp; Physics)</i> <def>Causing no
resistance to a body sliding along its surface;
frictionless.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Smooth</i> is often used in the formation of
selfexplaining compounds; as, <i>smooth</i>-bodied, <i>smooth</i>-
browed, <i>smooth</i>-combed, <i>smooth</i>-faced, <i>smooth</i>-
finished, <i>smooth</i>-gliding, <i>smooth</i>-grained, <i>smooth</i>-
leaved, <i>smooth</i>-sliding, <i>smooth</i>-speaking, <i>smooth</i>-
woven, and the like.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Even; plain; level; flat; polished; glossy; sleek;
soft; bland; mild; soothing; voluble; flattering; adulatory;
deceptive.</p>

<p><hw>Smooth</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Smoothly.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Smooth</i> runs the water where the brook is
deep.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smooth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of making smooth; a stroke which smooths.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is smooth; the smooth part of
anything.</def> "The <i>smooth</i> of his neck."  <i>Gen. xxvii.
16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smooth</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smoothed</u> (sm&oomac;thd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Smoothing</u>.] [OE. <i>smothen</i>, <i>smethen</i>,
AS. <i>sm&emacr;&eth;ian</i>; cf. LG. <i>sm&ouml;den</i>. See
<u>Smooth</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To make smooth; to make even
on the surface by any means; as, to <i>smooth</i> a board with a
plane; to <i>smooth</i> cloth with an iron.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To free from obstruction; to make
easy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou, Abelard! the last sad office pay,<BR>
And <i>smooth</i> my passage to the realms of day.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To free from harshness; to make
flowing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In their motions harmony divine<BR>
So <i>smooths</i> her charming tones that God's own ear<BR>
Listens delighted.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To palliate; to gloze; as, to
<i>smooth</i> over a fault.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To give a smooth or calm appearance
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each perturbation <i>smoothed</i> with outward
calm.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To ease; to regulate.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smooth</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flatter; to use
blandishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Because I can not flatter and speak fair,<BR>
Smile in men's faces, <i>smooth</i>, deceive and cog.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"bore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Gun.)</i>
<def>Having a bore of perfectly smooth surface; -- distinguished from
<i>rifled</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A smoothbore
firearm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"-chinned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
smooth chin; beardless.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
smooth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Smooth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, smooths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>fr.
<u>Smooth</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Smoothing iron</b></col>, <cd>an iron instrument with a
polished face, for smoothing clothes; a sadiron; a flatiron.</cd> --
<col><b>Smoothing plane</b></col>, <cd>a short, finely set plane, for
smoothing and finishing work.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a smooth
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being smooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speaking
smoothly; plausible; flattering; smooth-tongued.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smooth"-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
smooth tongue; plausible; flattering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smore</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To smother. See
<u>Smoor</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some dying vomit blood, and some were
<i>smored</i>.</blockquote> <i>Du Bartas.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Smor*zan"do</hw> (?), <hw>||Smor*sa"to</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Growing gradually
fainter and softer; dying away; morendo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smote</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. (&and; rare p. p.)</i></pos>
of <u>Smite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smo"ter*lich</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Smut</u>.]
<def>Dirty; foul.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smothered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smothering</u>.] [OE. <i>smotheren</i>; akin to E. <i>smoor</i>.
See <u>Smoor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the life of by
suffocation; to deprive of the air necessary for life; to cover up
closely so as to prevent breathing; to suffocate; as, to
<i>smother</i> a child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To affect as by suffocation; to stife; to
deprive of air by a thick covering, as of ashes, of smoke, or the
like; as, to <i>smother</i> a fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to repress the action of; to cover
from public view; to suppress; to conceal; as, to <i>smother</i> one's
displeasure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be suffocated or stifled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To burn slowly, without sufficient air; to
smolder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>smorther</i>. See
<u>Smother</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Stifling smoke; thick dust.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of suppression.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not to keep their suspicions in
<i>smother</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Smother fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
aphid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"er*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being smothery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"er*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
smothering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
smother; stifling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smouch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Akin to
<i>smack</i>.] <def>To kiss closely.</def> [Obs.]  <i>P.
Stubbes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smouch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Smutch</u>.]
<def>To smutch; to soil; as, to <i>smouch</i> the face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smouch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dark soil or stain; a
smutch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoul"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Smolder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoul"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Smoldry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smudge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>smuds</i>
smut, E. <i>smutch</i>, or <i>smoke</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
suffocating smoke.</def>  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A heap of damp combustibles partially
ignited and burning slowly, placed on the windward side of a house,
tent, or the like, in order, by the thick smoke, to keep off
mosquitoes or other insects.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is smeared upon anything; a
stain; a blot; a smutch; a smear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smudge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smudged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smudging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stifle or smother with
smoke; to smoke by means of a smudge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To smear; to smutch; to soil; to blacken
with smoke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smudg"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being smudged, soiled, or blurred.</def>  <i>C. A.
Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smug</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Of. Scand. or Low German
origin; cf. LG. <i>smuck</i>, G. <i>schmuck</i>, Dan. <i>smuk</i>,
OSw. <i>smuck</i>, <i>sm&ouml;ck</i>, and E. <i>smock</i>,
<i>smuggle</i>; cf. G. <i>schmuck</i> ornament. See <u>Smock</u>.]
<def>Studiously neat or nice, especially in dress; spruce; affectedly
precise; smooth and prim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They be so <i>smug</i> and smooth.</blockquote>
<i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>smug</i> and scanty draperies of his
style.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A young, <i>smug</i>, handsome holiness has no
fellow.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smug</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smugging</u>.] <def>To make smug, or spruce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thus said, he <i>smugged</i> his beard, and stroked up
fair.</blockquote> <i>Dryton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smug"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smuggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smuggling</u> (?).] [Of Low German or Scand. origin; cf. LG.
<i>smuggeln</i>, D. <i>smokkelen</i>, G. <i>schmuggeln</i>, Dan.
<i>smugle</i>, Sw. <i>smyga</i> to introduce or convey secretly, Dan.
<i>i smug</i> secretly, D. <i>smuigen</i> to eat in secret, AS.
<i>sm&?;gan</i> to creep. See <u>Smock</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To import or export secretly, contrary to the law; to import or
export without paying the duties imposed by law; as, to <i>smuggle</i>
lace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To convey or introduce
clandestinely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smug"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To import or export
in violation of the customs laws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smug"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who smuggles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel employed in smuggling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smug"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a smug
manner.</def> [R.]  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smug"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being smug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to Sw. <i>smuts</i>,
Dan. <i>smuds</i>, MHG. <i>smuz</i>, G. <i>schmutz</i>, D. <i>smet</i>
a spot or stain, <i>smoddig</i>, <i>smodsig</i>, <i>smodderig</i>,
dirty, <i>smodderen</i> to smut; and probably to E. <i>smite</i>. See
<u>Smite</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Smitt</u>,
<u>Smutch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foul matter, like soot or coal
dust; also, a spot or soil made by such matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Bad, soft coal, containing
much earthy matter, found in the immediate locality of
faults.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An affection of cereal grains
producing a swelling which is at length resolved into a powdery sooty
mass. It is caused by parasitic fungi of the genus <i>Ustilago</i>.
<i>Ustilago segetum</i>, or <i>U. Carbo</i>, is the commonest kind;
that of Indian corn is <i>Ustilago maydis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Obscene language; ribaldry;
obscenity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He does not stand upon decency . . . but will talk
<i>smut</i>, <i>though a priest and his mother be in the
room</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Smut mill</b></col>, <cd>a machine for cleansing grain from
smut.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Smut</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smutted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smutting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stain or mark with smut;
to blacken with coal, soot, or other dirty substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To taint with mildew, as grain.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To blacken; to sully or taint; to
tarnish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To clear of smut; as, to <i>smut</i> grain
for the mill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smut</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
gather smut; to be converted into smut; to become smutted.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give off smut; to crock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smutch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. for <i>smuts</i>.
See <u>Smut</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A stain; a dirty
spot.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smutch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Smutched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Smutching</u>.] <def>To blacken with smoke, soot, or coal.</def>
[Written also <i>smooch</i>.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smutch"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Snuff.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smut"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Smuttier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Smuttiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Soiled with smut; smutted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tainted with mildew; as, <i>smutty</i>
corn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Obscene; not modest or pure; as, a
<i>smutty</i> saying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>smutty</i> joke, ridiculously lewd.</blockquote>
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Smut"ti*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Smut"ti*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Smyr"ni*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Smyrna.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant
of Smyrna.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Snatch</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A share; a part or
portion; -- obsolete, except in the colloquial phrase, <i>to go
snacks</i>, i. e., to share.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At last he whispers, "Do, and we <i>go
snacks</i>."</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slight, hasty repast.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snack"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Snecket</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snac"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be corrupted
fr. NL. <i>syngnathus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> together +
<grk>gna`qos</grk> jaw, because the jaws can be only slightly
separated.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A pipefish of the genus
<i>Syngnathus</i>. See <u>Pipefish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snaf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>snavel</i> a
beak, bill, snout; akin to G. <i>schnabel</i>, OHG. <i>snabul</i>,.
<i>sneb</i>, <i>snebbe</i>, OFries. <i>snavel</i> mouth, Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>snabel</i> beak, bill, Lith. <i>snapas</i>, and to E. <i>snap</i>,
v. See <u>Snap</u>, and cf. <u>Neb</u>.] <def>A kind of bridle bit,
having a joint in the part to be placed in the mouth, and rings and
cheek pieces at the ends, but having no curb; -- called also
<i>snaffle bit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snaf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snaffled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snaffling</u> (?).] <def>To put a snaffle in the mouth of; to
subject to the snaffle; to bridle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E., n., a lump on a
tree where a branch has been cut off; v., to cut off the twigs and
small branches from a tree, of Celtic origin; cf. Gael. <i>snaigh</i>,
<i>snaidh</i>, to cut down, to prune, to sharpen, p. p.
<i>snaighte</i>, <i>snaidhte</i>, cut off, lopped, Ir. <i>snaigh</i> a
hewing, cutting.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stump or base of a branch
that has been lopped off; a short branch, or a sharp or rough branch;
a knot; a protuberance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The coat of arms<BR>
Now on a naked <i>snag</i> in triumph borne.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tooth projecting beyond the rest;
contemptuously, a broken or decayed tooth.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A tree, or a branch of a tree, fixed in the
bottom of a river or other navigable water, and rising nearly or quite
to the surface, by which boats are sometimes pierced and
sunk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the secondary
branches of an antler.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snag boat</b></col>, <cd>a steamboat fitted with apparatus
for removing snags and other obstructions in navigable streams.</cd>
[U.S.] -- <col><b>Snag tooth</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Snag</u>,
2.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>How thy <i>snag teeth</i> stand orderly,<BR>
Like stakes which strut by the water side.</blockquote> <i>J.
Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snagging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut the snags or
branches from, as the stem of a tree; to hew roughly.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To injure or destroy, as a steamboat or
other vessel, by a snag, or projecting part of a sunken tree.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p> </p>

<p><hw>Snag"ged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of snags;
snaggy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of snags; full of short, rough branches or sharp points;
abounding with knots.</def> "Upon a <i>snaggy</i> oak."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Snappish; cross; ill-tempered.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snail</hw> (sn&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>snaile</i>, AS. <i>sn&aelig;gel</i>, <i>snegel</i>,
<i>sn&aelig;gl</i>; akin to G. <i>schnecke</i>, OHG. <i>snecko</i>,
Dan. <i>snegl</i>, Icel. <i>snigill</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of numerous
species of terrestrial air-breathing gastropods belonging to the genus
Helix and many allied genera of the family <i>Helicid&aelig;</i>. They
are abundant in nearly all parts of the world except the arctic
regions, and feed almost entirely on vegetation; a land snail.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any gastropod having a general resemblance to
the true snails, including fresh-water and marine species. See <i>Pond
snail</i>, under <u>Pond</u>, and <u>Sea snail</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a drone; a slow-moving person or
thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A spiral cam, or a flat
piece of metal of spirally curved outline, used for giving motion to,
or changing the position of, another part, as the hammer tail of a
striking clock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A tortoise; in ancient warfare, a movable
roof or shed to protect besiegers; a testudo.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They had also all manner of gynes [engines] . . . that
needful is [in] taking or sieging of castle or of city, as
<i>snails</i>, that was naught else but hollow pavises and targets,
under the which men, when they fought, were heled [protected], . . .
as the <i>snail</i> is in his house; therefore they cleped them
<i>snails</i>.</blockquote> <i>Vegetius (Trans.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The pod of the sanil
clover.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ear snail</b></col>, <col><b>Edible snail</b></col>,
<col><b>Pond snail</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Ear</u>,
<u>Edible</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Snail borer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a boring univalve mollusk; a drill.</cd> --
<col><b>Snail clover</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a cloverlike plant
(<i>Medicago scuttellata</i>, also, <i>M. Helix</i>); -- so named from
its pods, which resemble the shells of snails; -- called also <i>snail
trefoil</i>, <i>snail medic</i>, and <i>beehive</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Snail flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leguminous plant
(<i>Phaseolus Caracalla</i>) having the keel of the carolla spirally
coiled like a snail shell.</cd> -- <col><b>Snail shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the shell of snail.</cd> -- <col><b>Snail
trefoil</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Snail clover</i>,
above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snail"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sea snail</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1361 !></p>

<p><hw>Snail"-like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like or
suiting a snail; as, <i>snail-like</i> progress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snail"-like`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of
a snail; slowly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snail"-paced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slow-moving,
like a snail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid the <i>snail-paced</i> Ajax arm for
shame.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>'Snails</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>God's nails,
or His nails, that is, the nails with which the Savior was fastened to
the cross; -- an ancient form of oath, corresponding to '<i>Od's
bodikins</i> (dim. of <i>body</i>, i.e., God's dear body).</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snake</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>snaca</i>; akin to
LG. <i>snake</i>, <i>schnake</i>, Icel. <i>sn&amacr;kr</i>,
<i>sn&?;kr</i>, Dan. <i>snog</i>, Sw. <i>snok</i>; of uncertain
origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of the order Ophidia; an
ophidian; a serpent, whether harmless or venomous. See <u>Ophidia</u>,
and <u>Serpent</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Snakes are abundant in all warm countries, and much the
larger number are harmless to man.</p>

<p><col><b>Blind snake</b></col>, <col><b>Garter snake</b></col>,
<col><b>Green snake</b></col>, <col><b>King snake</b></col>,
<col><b>Milk snake</b></col>, <col><b>Rock snake</b></col>,
<col><b>Water snake</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Blind</u>,
<u>Garter</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Fetich snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large African snake (<i>Python
Seb&aelig;</i>) used by the natives as a fetich.</cd> --
<col><b>Ringed snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common
European columbrine snake (<i>Tropidonotus natrix</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Snake eater</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The markhoor</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The secretary
bird.</cd> -- <col><b>Snake fence</b></col>, <cd>a worm fence (which
see).</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Snake fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of neuropterous insects of the genus
<i>Rhaphidia</i>; -- so called because of their large head and
elongated neck and prothorax.</cd> -- <col><b>Snake gourd</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a cucurbitaceous plant (<i>Trichosanthes
anguina</i>) having the fruit shorter and less snakelike than that of
the serpent cucumber.</cd> -- <col><b>Snake killer</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The secretary bird</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The chaparral cock.</cd> -- <col><b>Snake
moss</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common club moss (<i>Lycopodium
clavatum</i>). See <u>Lycopodium</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snake
nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the fruit of a sapindaceous tree
(<i>Ophiocaryon paradoxum</i>) of Guiana, the embryo of which
resembles a snake coiled up.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of colubrine
snakes which habitually live in trees, especially those of the genus
<i>Dendrophis</i> and allied genera.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snake</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snaking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drag or draw, as a snake
from a hole; -- often with <i>out</i>.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To wind round spirally, as a
large rope with a smaller, or with cord, the small rope lying in the
spaces between the strands of the large one; to worm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To crawl like a
snake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from its
snakelike neck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any one
of four species of aquatic birds of the genus <i>Anhinga</i> or
<i>Plotus</i>. They are allied to the gannets and cormorants, but have
very long, slender, flexible necks, and sharp bills.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The American species (<i>Anhinga, or Plotus, anhinga</i>)
inhabits the Southern United States and tropical America; -- called
also <i>darter</i>, and <i>water turkey</i>. The Asiatic species
(<i>A. melanogaster</i>) is native of Southern Asia and the East
Indies. Two other species inhabit Africa and Australia
respectively.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wryneck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The band fish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The lizard fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A loose, bent-up end of one of the strap rails, or flat rails,
formerly used on American railroads. It was sometimes so bent by the
passage of a train as to slip over a wheel and pierce the bottom of a
car.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
turtlehead.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The Guinea-hen flower. See
<u>Snake's-head</u>, and under <u>Guinea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"neck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The snakebird, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any one of several plants of different genera and species, most
of which are (or were formerly) reputed to be efficacious as remedies
for the bites of serpents; also, the roots of any of these.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Virginia snakeroot is <i>Aristolochia Serpentaria</i>;
black snakeroot is <i>Sanicula</i>, esp. <i>S. Marilandica</i>, also
<i>Cimicifuga racemosa</i>; Seneca snakeroot is <i>Polygala
Senega</i>; button snakeroot is <i>Liatris</i>, also <i>Eryngium</i>;
white snakeroot is <i>Eupatorium ageratoides</i>. The name is also
applied to some others besides these.</p>

<p><hw>Snake's"-head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The Guinea-hen flower; -- so called in England because its
spotted petals resemble the scales of a snake's head.</def>  <i>Dr.
Prior.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Snake's-head iris</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
iridaceous plant (<i>Hermodactylus tuberosus</i>) of the Mediterranean
region. The flowers slightly resemble a serpent's open mouth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snake"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A kind of hone slate or whetstone obtained in Scotland.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An ammonite; -- so called
from its form, which resembles that of a coiled snake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake's-tongue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Adder's-tongue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of knotweed (<i>Polygonum
Bistorta</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The Virginia snakeroot.
See <u>Snakeroot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snake"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An East Indian climbing plant (<i>Strychnos
colubrina</i>) having a bitter taste, and supposed to be a remedy for
the bite of the hooded serpent.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An East
Indian climbing shrub (<i>Ophioxylon serpentinum</i>) which has the
roots and stems twisted so as to resemble serpents.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Trumpetwood</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A tropical American shrub (<i>Plumieria
rubra</i>) which has very fragrant red blossoms.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Letterwood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snak"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
qualities or characteristics of a snake; snaky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a snake or snakes; resembling a snake;
serpentine; winding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The red light playing upon its gilt and carving gave it
an appearance of <i>snaky</i> life.</blockquote> <i>L.
Wallace.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sly; cunning; insinuating;
deceitful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So to the coast of Jordan he directs<BR>
His easy steps, girded with <i>snaky</i> wiles.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Covered with serpents; having serpents; as,
a <i>snaky</i> rod or wand.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>snaky</i>-headed, Gorgon shield.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snapping</u>.] [LG. or D. <i>snappen</i> to snap up, to snatch;
akin to G. <i>schnappen</i>, MHG. <i>snaben</i>, Dan. <i>snappe</i>,
and to D. <i>snavel</i> beak, bill.  Cf. <u>Neb</u>, <u>Snaffle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To break at once; to
break short, as substances that are brittle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Breaks the doors open, <i>snaps</i> the
locks.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike, to hit, or to shut, with a sharp
sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bite or seize suddenly, especially with
the teeth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He, by playing too often at the mouth of death, has
been <i>snapped</i> by it at last.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To break upon suddenly with sharp, angry
words; to treat snappishly; -- usually with <i>up</i>.</def>
<i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To crack; to cause to make a sharp,
cracking noise; as, to <i>snap</i> a whip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>MacMorian <i>snapped</i> his fingers
repeatedly.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To project with a snap.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To snap back</b></col> <i>(Football)</i>, <cd>to roll the
ball back with the foot; -- done only by the center rush, who thus
delivers the ball to the quarter back on his own side when both sides
are ranged in line.</cd> -- <col><b>To snap off</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To break suddenly</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To bite off suddenly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
break short, or at once; to part asunder suddenly; as, a mast
<i>snaps</i>; a needle <i>snaps</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But this weapon will <i>snap</i> short, unfaithful to
the hand that employs it.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give forth, or produce, a sharp,
cracking noise; to crack; as, blazing firewood <i>snaps</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make an effort to bite; to aim to seize
with the teeth; to catch eagerly (at anything); -- often with
<i>at</i>; as, a dog <i>snaps</i>at a passenger; a fish <i>snaps</i>
at the bait.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To utter sharp, harsh, angry words; --
often with <i>at</i>; as, to <i>snap</i> at a child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To miss fire; as, the gun
<i>snapped</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>snap</i> a
snatching. See <u>Snap</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden breaking or rupture of any
substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden, eager bite; a sudden seizing, or
effort to seize, as with the teeth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sudden, sharp motion or blow, as with the
finger sprung from the thumb, or the thumb from the finger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sharp, abrupt sound, as that made by the
crack of a whip; as, the <i>snap</i> of the trigger of a
gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A greedy fellow.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which is, or may be, snapped up;
something bitten off, seized, or obtained by a single quick movement;
hence, a bite, morsel, or fragment; a scrap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He's a nimble fellow,<BR>
And alike skilled in every liberal science,<BR>
As having certain <i>snaps</i> of all.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A sudden severe interval or spell; --
applied to the weather; as, a cold <i>snap</i>.</def>
  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A small catch or fastening held or closed
by means of a spring, or one which closes with a snapping sound, as
the catch of a bracelet, necklace, clasp of a book, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A snap
beetle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A thin, crisp cake, usually small, and
flavored with ginger; -- used chiefly in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Briskness; vigor; energy; decision.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Any circumstance out of which money may be
made or an advantage gained.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Snap back</b></col> <i>(Football)</i>, <cd>the act of
snapping back the ball.</cd> -- <col><b>Snap beetle</b></col>, or
<col><b>Snap bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any beetle of the
family <i>Elaterid&aelig;</i>, which, when laid on its back, is able
to leap to a considerable height by means of a thoracic spring; --
called also <i>snapping beetle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snap
flask</b></col> <i>(Molding)</i>, <cd>a flask for small work, having
its sides separable and held together by latches, so that the flask
may be removed from around the sand mold.</cd> -- <col><b>Snap
judgment</b></col>, <cd>a judgment formed on the instant without
deliberation.</cd> -- <col><b>Snap lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock shutting
with a catch or snap.</cd> -- <col><b>Snap riveting</b></col>,
<cd>riveting in which the rivets have snapheads formed by a die or
swaging tool.</cd> -- <col><b>Snap shot</b></col>, <cd>a quick offhand
shot, without deliberately taking aim.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snap"drag`on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any plant of the
scrrophulariaceous genus <i>Antirrhinum</i>, especially the cultivated
<i>A. majus</i>, whose showy flowers are fancifully likened to the
face of a dragon.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A West Indian herb
(<i>Ruellia tuberosa</i>) with curiously shaped blue
flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A play in which raisins are snatched from a
vessel containing burning brandy, and eaten; also, that which is so
eaten. See <u>Flapdragon</u>.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snape</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<def>To bevel the end of a timber to fit against an inclined
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snap"hance`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>snaphaan</i>
a gun, originally, the snapping cock of a gun. See <u>Snap</u>, and
<u>Hen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spring lock for discharging a
firearm; also, the firearm to which it is attached.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trifling or second-rate thing or
person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Snap"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hemispherical
or rounded head to a rivet or bolt; also, a swaging tool with a cavity
in its face for forming such a rounded head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, snaps; as, a <i>snapper</i> up of
trifles; the <i>snapper</i> of a whip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of large sparoid food fishes of the genus <i>Lutjanus</i>,
abundant on the southern coasts of the United States and on both
coasts of tropical America.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The red snapper (<i>Lutjanus aya, or Blackfordi</i>) and the
gray, or mangrove, snapper (<i>L. griseus</i>) are large and abundant
species. The name is loosely applied to various other fishes, as the
bluefish, the rosefish, the red grouper, etc. See <u>Rosefish</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A snapping turtle; as,
the alligator <i>snapper</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The green woodpecker,
or yaffle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A snap
beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snap"ping</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Snap</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Snapping beetle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Snap beetle</i>, under <u>Snap</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snapping
turtle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large
and voracious aquatic turtle (<i>Chelydra serpentina</i>) common in
the fresh waters of the United States; -- so called from its habit of
seizing its prey by a snap of its jaws. Called also <i>mud
turtle</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>Alligator snapper</i>,
under <u>Alligator</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snap"pish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Apt to snap at persons or things; eager to bite; as, a
<i>snapping</i> cur.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sharp in reply; apt to speak angrily or
testily; easily provoked; tart; peevish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The taunting address of a <i>snappish</i>
misanthrope.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Snap"pish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Snap"pish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Snap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Snappish.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snap"sack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw.
<i>snapps&auml;ck</i>, G. <i>schnappsack</i>.] <def>A knapsack.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snap"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Impatiens</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Akin to LG. &amp; OD.
<i>snarren</i>, G. <i>schnarren</i>, E. <i>snore</i>. See
<u>Snore</u>, and cf. <u>Snarl</u> to growl.] <def>To snarl.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>snear</i>a cord, a
string; akin to D. <i>snoer</i>, G. <i>schnur</i>, OHG. <i>snour</i> a
cord, <i>snarahha</i> a noose, Dan. <i>snare</i>, Sw. &amp; Icel.
<i>snara</i>, Goth. <i>sn&?;rj&?;</i> a basket; and probably also to
E. <i>needle</i>. See <u>Needle</u>, and cf. <u>Snarl</u> to
entangle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance, often consisting of
a noose of cord, or the like, by which a bird or other animal may be
entangled and caught; a trap; a gin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, anything by which one is entangled
and brought into trouble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou retire, the Dauphin, well appointed,<BR>
Stands with the <i>snares</i> of war to tangle thee.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The gut or string stretched across the
lower head of a drum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument, consisting
usually of a wireloop or noose, for removing tumors, etc., by
avulsion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snare drum</b></col>, <cd>the smaller common military drum,
as distinguished from the <i>bass drum</i>; -- so called because (in
order to render it more resonant) it has stretched across its lower
head a catgut string or strings.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snare</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snaring</u>.] <def>To catch with a snare; to insnare; to entangle;
hence, to bring into unexpected evil, perplexity, or danger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest that too heavenly form . . . <i>snare</i>
them.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mournful crocodile<BR>
With sorrow <i>snares</i> relenting passengers.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snar"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lays
snares, or entraps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snarl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snarled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vvb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snarling</u>.] [Etymol. uncertain.] <def>To form raised work upon
the outer surface of (thin metal ware) by the repercussion of a
snarling iron upon the inner surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snarl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Snare</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To entangle; to
complicate; to involve in knots; as, to <i>snarl</i> a skein of
thread.</def> "Her <i>snarled</i> hair."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To embarrass; to insnare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The] question that they would have <i>snarled</i> him
with.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snarl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A knot or complication of
hair, thread, or the like, difficult to disentangle; entanglement;
hence, intricate complication; embarrassing difficulty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snarl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From <u>Snar</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To growl, as an angry or surly dog; to gnarl;
to utter grumbling sounds.</def> "An angry cur <i>snarls</i> while he
feeds."  <i>Dryden &amp; Lee.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To speak crossly; to talk in rude, surly
terms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is malicious and unmanly to <i>snarl</i> at the
little lapses of a pen, from which Virgil himself stands not
exempted.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snarl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of snarling; a
growl; a surly or peevish expression; an angry contention.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snarl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who snarls; a
surly, growling animal; a grumbling, quarrelsome fellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snarl"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes use of a
snarling iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snarl"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Snarl</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Snarling iron</b></col>, <cd>a tool with a long beak, used
in the process of snarling. When one end is held in a vise, and the
shank is struck with a hammer, the repercussion of the other end, or
beak, within the article worked upon gives the requisite blow for
producing raised work. See 1st <u>Snarl</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snar"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Snare</u>.]
<def>Resembling, or consisting of, snares; entangling;
insidious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spiders in the vault their <i>snary</i> webs have
spread.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Snite</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The snuff, or burnt wick, of a
candle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snatched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snatching</u>.] [OE. <i>snachen</i>, <i>snechen</i>; akin to D.
<i>snakken</i> to gasp, to long (for), to desire.  Cf. <u>Snack</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Sneck</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take
or seize hastily, abruptly, or without permission or ceremony; as, to
<i>snatch</i> a loaf or a kiss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When half our knowledge we must <i>snatch</i>, not
take.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seize and transport away; to rap.</def>
"<i>Snatch</i> me to heaven."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To twitch; pluck; grab; catch; grasp; gripe.</p>

<p><hw>Snatch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To attempt to seize
something suddenly; to catch; -- often with <i>at</i>; as, to
<i>snatch</i> at a rope.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1362 !></p>

<p><hw>Snatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
hasty catching or seizing; a grab; a catching at, or attempt to seize,
suddenly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A short period of vigorous action; as, a
<i>snatch</i> at weeding after a shower.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They move by fits and <i>snatches</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small piece, fragment, or quantity; a
broken part; a scrap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have often little <i>snatches</i> of
sunshine.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Leave me your <i>snatches</i>, and yield me a direct
answer.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snatch block</hw> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <def>a kind of block with an
opening in one side to receive the bight of a rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snatch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who snatches,
or takes abruptly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snatch"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By snatching;
abruptly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snath</hw> (sn&abreve;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>sn&imacr;&eth;an</i> to cut, to mow, <i>sn&aemacr;d</i> a bite,
bit, snip.] <def>The handle of a scythe; a snead.</def> [Variously
written in England <i>snead</i>, <i>sneed</i>, <i>sneath</i>,
<i>sneeth</i>, <i>snathe</i>, etc.; in Scotland written
<i>sned</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Snathe</hw> (sn&amacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
Icel. <i>snei&eth;a</i> to cut into alices, <i>sn&imacr;&eth;a</i> to
cut; akin to AS. be<i>sn&aemacr;dan</i>, <i>sn&imacr;&eth;an</i>, G.
<i>schneiden</i>, OHG. <i>sn&imacr;dan</i>, Goth. <i>snei&thorn;an</i>
to cut, to reap, and E. <i>snath</i>, <i>snithe</i>.] <def>To lop; to
prune.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snat"tock</hw> (sn&abreve;t"t&ubreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Snathe</u>.] <def>A chip; a slice.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snaw</hw> (sn&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Snow.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snead</hw> (sn&emacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Snath</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A snath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A line or cord; a string.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sneak</hw> (sn&emacr;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sneaked</u> (sn&emacr;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sneaking</u>.] [OE. <i>sniken</i>, AS.
<i>sn&imacr;can</i> to creep; akin to Dan. <i>snige sig</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>sn&imacr;kja</i> to hanker after.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To creep
or steal (away or about) privately; to come or go meanly, as a person
afraid or ashamed to be seen; as, to <i>sneak</i> away from
company.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>You skulked behind the fence, and <i>sneaked</i>
away.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act in a stealthy and cowardly manner;
to behave with meanness and servility; to crouch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneak</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hide, esp. in a
mean or cowardly manner.</def> [Obs.] "[Slander]  <i>sneaks</i> its
head."  <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
mean, sneaking fellow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A set of simpletons and superstitious
<i>sneaks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A ball bowled so as to
roll along the ground; -- called also <i>grub</i>.</def> [Cant]  <i>R.
A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneak"-cup`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sneaks
from his cups; one who balks his glass.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sneaks.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel of drink.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sneaker</i> of five gallons.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneak"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sneaky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked by cowardly
concealment; deficient in openness and courage; underhand; mean;
crouching.</def> -- <wf>Sneak"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sneak"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sneaks"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A paltry fellow;
a sneak.</def> [Obs.] "Such a bashful <i>sneaksby</i>."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Like a sneak;
sneaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>sneypa</i> to dishonor, disgrace, chide, but also E. <i>snip</i>,
and <i>snub</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To check; to reprimand; to
rebuke; to chide.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To nip; to blast; to blight.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Biron is like an envious, <i>sneaping</i>
frost.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A reprimand; a
rebuke.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My lord, I will not undergo this <i>sneap</i> without
reply.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sneath</hw> (?), <hw>Sneathe</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Snath</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneb</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Snib</u>.]
<def>To reprimand; to sneap.</def> [Obs.] "Scold and <i>sneb</i> the
good oak."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Snatch</u>.]
<def>To fasten by a hatch; to latch, as a door.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sneck up</b></col>, <cd>be silent; shut up; hold your
peace.</cd>
  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A door latch.</def>
[Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sneck band</b></col>, <cd>a latchstring.</cd> <i>Burns.</i>
-- <col><b>Sneck drawer</b></col>, <cd>a latch lifter; a bolt drawer;
hence, a sly person; a cozener; a cheat; -- called also
<i>sneckdraw</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sneck drawing</b></col>, <cd>lifting
the latch.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sneck"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A door latch, or
sneck.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sned</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lop; to
snathe.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sned</hw> (?), <hw>Sneed</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Snath</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sneered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sneering</u>.] [OE. <i>sneren</i>, Dan. <i>sn&?;rre</i> to snarl or
grin (like a dog); cf. Prov. E. <i>sneer</i> to grin, <i>sner</i> to
snort, <i>snert</i> to sneer at. See <u>Snore</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To show contempt by turning up
the nose, or by a particular facial expression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inssinuate contempt by a covert
expression; to speak derisively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I could be content to be a little <i>sneared</i>
at.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To show mirth awkwardly.</def> [R.]
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To scoff; gibe; jeer.  -- <u>Sneer</u>,
<u>Scoff</u>, <u>Jeer</u>. The verb to <i>sneer</i> implies to cast
contempt indirectly or by covert expressions. To <i>jeer</i> is
stronger, and denotes the use of several sarcastic reflections. To
<i>scoff</i> is stronger still, implying the use of insolent mockery
and derision.</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>sneers</i> as learnedly as they,<BR>
Like females o'er their morning tea.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Midas, exposed to all their <i>jeers</i>,<BR>
Had lost his art, and kept his ears.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fop, with learning at defiance,<BR>
<i>Scoffs</i> at the pedant and science.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
utter with a grimace or contemptuous expression; to utter with a
sneer; to say sneeringly; as, to <i>sneer</i> fulsome lies at a
person.</def>  <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"A ship of fools," he <i>sneered</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat with sneers; to affect or move by
sneers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor <i>sneered</i> nor bribed from virtue into
shame.</blockquote> <i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of sneering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A smile, grin, or contortion of the face,
indicative of contempt; an indirect expression or insinuation of
contempt.</def> "Who can refute a <i>sneer</i>?"  <i>Raley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneer"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sneers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneer"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to
sneering.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sneer"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sneering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneeze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sneezed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sneezing</u>.] [OE. <i>snesen</i>; of uncertain origin; cf. D.
<i>snuse</i> to sniff, E. <i>neese</i>, and AS.
<i>fne&oacute;san</i>.] <def>To emit air, chiefly through the nose,
audibly and violently, by a kind of involuntary convulsive force,
occasioned by irritation of the inner membrane of the nose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Not to be sneezed at</b></col>, <cd>not to be despised or
contemned; not to be treated lightly.</cd> [Colloq.] "He had to do
with old women who were <i>not to be sneezed at</i>."  <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sneeze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sudden and violent
ejection of air with an audible sound, chiefly through the
nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneeze"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A yellow-flowered composite plant (<i>Helenium autumnale</i>) the
odor of which is said to cause sneezing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneeze"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The wood of a South African tree. See <u>Neishout</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneeze"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A European herbaceous plant (<i>Achillea Ptarmica</i>) allied to
the yarrow, having a strong, pungent smell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneez"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The
act of violently forcing air out through the nasal passages while the
cavity of the mouth is shut off from the pharynx by the approximation
of the soft palate and the base of the tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snell</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>snell</i>; akin to
D. <i>snel</i>, G. <i>schnell</i>, OHG. <i>snel</i>, Icel.
<i>snjallr</i> valiant.] <def>Active; brisk; nimble; quick;
sharp.</def> [Archaic or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That horny-handed, <i>snell</i>, peremptory little
man.</blockquote> <i>Dr. J. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short line of
horsehair, gut, etc., by which a fishhook is attached to a longer
line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schnitt</i> that
which is cut, fr. <i>schneiden</i> to cut, E. <i>snath</i>.] <def>The
fat of a deer.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Snot</u>.] <def>The
clear of mucus; to blow.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Snetting</i> his nose."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To snow; to
abound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>snewed</i> in his house of meat and
drink.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snib</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>snibben</i>; cf.
Dan. <i>snibbe</i>, and E. <i>snub</i>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To check; to sneap; to sneb.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Him would he <i>snib</i> sharply for the
nones.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snib</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A reprimand; a snub.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>snick</i> a
notch; cf. Icel. <i>snikka</i> nick, cut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
small cut or mark.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A slight hit or tip of the
ball, often unintentional.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fiber)</i> <def>A knot or irregularity in
yarn.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Furriery)</i> <def>A snip or cut, as in the
hair of a beast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snick and snee</b></col> [cf. D. <i>snee</i>, <i>snede</i>,
a cut], <cd>a combat with knives.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snicked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snicking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut slightly; to strike,
or strike off, as by cutting.</def>  <i>H. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>To hit (a ball)
lightly.</def>  <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snick</hw>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sneck</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Snick up</b></col>, <cd>shut up; silenced. See <i>Sneck
up</i>, under <u>Sneck</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Give him money, George, and let him go <i>snick
up</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Snick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snickered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snickering</u>.] [Cf. D. <i>snikken</i> to sob, to sigh.] [Written
also <i>snigger</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To laugh slyly; to laugh
in one's sleeve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To laugh with audible catches of voice, as
when persons attempt to suppress loud laughter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snick"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A half suppressed,
broken laugh.</def> [Written also <i>snigger</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Snide</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tricky; deceptive;
contemptible; as, a <i>snide</i> lawyer; <i>snide</i> goods.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Sniff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sniffed</u> (?) or <u>Snift</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sniffing</u>.] [OE. <i>sneven</i>; akin to
<i>snivel</i>, <i>snuff</i>; cf. Dan. <i>snive</i> to sniff. See
<u>Snuff</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To draw air audibly up the
nose; to snuff; -- sometimes done as a gesture of suspicion, offense,
or contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So ye grow squeamish, gods, and <i>sniff</i> at
heaven.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sniff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
draw in with the breath through the nose; as, to <i>sniff</i> the air
of the country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perceive as by sniffing; to snuff, to
scent; to smell; as, to <i>sniff</i> danger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sniff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of sniffing;
perception by sniffing; that which is taken by sniffing; as, a
<i>sniff</i> of air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sniff"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A
rapid inspiratory act, in which the mouth is kept shut and the air
drawn in through the nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snif"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>sniff</i>. See <u>Snivel</u>.] <def>To snuffle, as one does with a
catarrh.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snift</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snifted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snifting</u>.] [From <u>Sniff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
snort.</def> [Obs.] "Resentment expressed by <i>snifting</i>."
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sniff; to snuff; to smell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It now appears that they were still <i>snifing</i> and
hankering after their old quarters.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snift</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
moment.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slight snow; sleet.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snift"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Snift</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snifting valve</b></col>, <cd>a small valve opening into
the atmosphere from the cylinder or condenser of a steam engine, to
allow the escape of air when the piston makes a stroke; -- so called
from the noise made by its action.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snig</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Snick</u> a
small cut.] <def>To chop off; to cut.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snig</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Sneak</u>.] <def>To
sneak.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Snig</hw>, <hw>Snigg</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Sneak</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small eel.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snig"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Snicker</u>.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snig"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Snicker</u>.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sniggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sniggling</u>(?).] [See <u>Snig</u> a kind of eel.] <def>To fish
for eels by thrusting the baited hook into their holes or hiding
places.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snig"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To catch, as an
eel, by sniggling; hence, to hook; to insnare.</def>  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snipping</u>.] [D. <i>snippen</i>; akin to G. <i>schnippen</i>.]
<def>To cut off the nip or neb of, or to cut off at once with shears
or scissors; to clip off suddenly; to nip; hence, to break off; to
snatch away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Curbed and <i>snipped</i> in my younger years by fear
of my parents from those vicious excrescences to which that age was
subject.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The captain seldom ordered anything out of the ship's
stores . . . but I <i>snipped</i> some of it for my own
share.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
single cut, as with shears or scissors; a clip.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small shred; a bit cut off.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A share; a snack.</def> [Obs.]
<i>L'Estrange</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A tailor.</def> [Slang]  <i>Nares. C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Small hand shears for cutting sheet
metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>snipe</i>; akin to
D. <i>snep</i>, <i>snip</i>, LG. <i>sneppe</i>, <i>snippe</i>, G.
<i>schnepfe</i>, Icel. <i>sn&imacr;pa</i> (in comp.), Dan.
<i>sneppe</i>, Sw. <i>sn&auml;ppa</i> a sanpiper, and possibly to E.
<i>snap</i>. See <u>Snap</u>, <u>Snaffle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of limicoline
game birds of the family <i>Scolopacid&aelig;</i>, having a long,
slender, nearly straight beak.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common, or whole, snipe (<i>Gallinago
c&oelig;lestis</i>) and the great, or double, snipe (<i>G. major</i>),
are the most important European species. The Wilson's snipe (<i>G.
delicata</i>) (sometimes erroneously called <i>English snipe</i>) and
the gray snipe, or dowitcher (<i>Macrohamphus griseus</i>), are well-
known American species.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fool; a blockhead.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Half snipe</b></col>, <cd>the dunlin; the jacksnipe.</cd> -
- <col><b>Jack snipe</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Jacksnipe</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Quail snipe</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Quail</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Robin snipe</b></col>, <cd>the knot.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea
snipe</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Shore
snipe</b></col>, <cd>any sandpiper.</cd> -- <col><b>Snipe
hawk</b></col>, <cd>the marsh harrier.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Stone snipe</b></col>, <cd>the tattler.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer
snipe</b></col>, <cd>the dunlin; the green and the common European
sandpipers.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter snipe</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Rock
snipe</i>, under <u>Rock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Woodcock
snipe</b></col>, <cd>the great snipe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snipe"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A plane for cutting deep grooves in moldings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bolt by which the body of a cart is
fastened to the axle.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Snipe"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The bellows fish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A long, slender deep-sea fish (<i>Nemichthys scolopaceus</i>)
with a slender beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snip"pack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Snipe</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common snipe.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
snips.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snip"per-snap`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small,
insignificant fellow.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snip"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small part or
piece.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be cut into <i>snippets</i> and shreds.</blockquote>
<i>F. Harrison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snip"pet*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ridiculously
small; petty.</def> "<i>Snippety</i> facts."  <i>London
Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snip"-snap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Reduplication of
<i>snap</i>.] <def>A tart dialogue with quick replies.</def> [R.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snip"-snap`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Quick; short;
sharp; smart.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snip"y</hw> (sn&imacr;p"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like a snipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snite</hw> (sn&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
snipe.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snite</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sn&imacr;fa</i>.
See <u>Snout</u>.] <def>To blow, as the nose; to snuff, as a
candle.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Snithe</hw> (?), <hw>Snith"y</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>sn&imacr;&eth;an</i> to cut. See <u>Snathe</u>.] <def>Sharp;
piercing; cutting; -- applied to the wind.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sniv"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sniveled</u> (?) or <u>Snivelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sniveling</u> or <u>Snivelling</u>.] [OE.
<i>snivelen</i>, <i>snevelen</i>, <i>snuvelen</i>, freg. of
<i>sneven</i>. See <u>Sniff</u>, and cf. <u>Snuffle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To run at the nose; to make a snuffling
noise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cry or whine with snuffling, as
children; to cry weakly or whiningly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put stop to thy <i>sniveling</i> ditty.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sniv"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>snofel</i>.  Cf.
<u>Snivel</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Mucus from the nose;
snot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sniv"el*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>sniveller</i>.] <def>One who snivels, esp. one who snivels
habitually.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sniv"el*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Running at the
nose; sniveling pitiful; whining.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sn&amacr;pr</i> a
dolt, impostor, charlatan.  Cf. <u>Snub</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A vulgar person who affects to be better, richer, or more
fashionable, than he really is; a vulgar upstart; one who apes his
superiors.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Essentially vulgar, a <i>snob</i>. -- a gilded
<i>snob</i>, but none the less a <i>snob</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. G.
White.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Univ.)</i> <def>A townsman.</def>
[Canf]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A journeyman shoemaker.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A workman who accepts lower than the usual
wages, or who refuses to strike when his fellows do; a rat; a
knobstick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who work for lower wages during a strike are
called <i>snobs</i>, the men who stand out being "nobs"</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snob"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being snobbish; snobbishness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snob"bish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a snob; characteristic of, or befitting, a snob; vulgarly
pretentious.</def> -- <wf>Snob"bish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Snob"bish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vulgar
affectation or ostentation; mean admiration of mean things; conduct or
manners of a snob.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snob"bism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Snobbery.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1363 !></p>

<p><hw>Snob"by</hw> (sn&obreve;b"b&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Snobbish.</def> [R.]  <i>E. B. Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snob"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little snob.</def>
[Jocose]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snob*oc"ra*cy</hw> (sn&obreve;b*&obreve;k"r&adot;*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Snob</i> + <i>-cracy</i>, as in
<i>aristocracy</i>, <i>mobocracy</i>.] <def>Snobs, collectively.</def>
[Hybrid &amp; Recent]  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snod</hw> (sn&obreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Snood</u>.] <def>A fillet; a headband; a snood.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snod</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>snod</i> to prune,
put in order.] <def>Trimmed; smooth; neat; trim; sly; cunning;
demure.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Snoff</hw> (sn&obreve;f; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Snuff</u>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A short candle end used for
igniting a fuse.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sn&omacr;d</i>.
Cf. <i>Snare</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fillet which binds the
hair of a young unmarried woman, and is emblematic of her maiden
character.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And seldom was a <i>snood</i> amid<BR>
Such wild, luxuriant ringlets hid.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A short line (often of horsehair)
connecting a fishing line with the hook; a snell; a leader.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snood</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bind or braid up,
as the hair, with a snood.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Snood"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing or having a
snood.</def> "The <i>snooded</i> daughter."  <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snook</hw> (sn&oomac;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>snook</i> to search out, to follow by the scent; cf. Sw.
<i>snoka</i> to lurk, LG. <i>sn&ouml;ggen</i>, <i>snuckern</i>,
<i>sn&ouml;kern</i>, to snuffle, to smell about, to search for.]
<def>To lurk; to lie in ambush.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Snook</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>snoek</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large perchlike marine
food fish (<i>Centropomus undecimalis</i>) found both on the Atlantic
and Pacific coasts of tropical America; -- called also
<i>ravallia</i>, and <i>robalo</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
cobia.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The garfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snooze</hw> (sn&oomac;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.
<i>snooze</i> to sleep; cf. Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>snus</i> snuff.] <def>A
short sleep; a nap.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snooze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snoozed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snoozing</u>.] <def>To doze; to drowse; to take a short nap; to
slumber.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snore</hw> (sn&omacr;r), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Snored</u> (sn&omacr;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Snoring</u>.] [OE. <i>snoren</i>, AS. <i>snora</i> a
snoring; akin to LG. <i>snoren</i>, <i>snorken</i>, <i>snurken</i>, to
snore, D. <i>snorken</i>, G. <i>schnarchen</i> to snore,
<i>schnarren</i> to rattle, MHG. <i>snarren</i>, Sw. <i>snarka</i> to
snore, Icel. <i>snarka</i> to sputter, fizzle.  Cf. <u>Snarl</u> to
growl, <u>Sneer</u>, <u>Snort</u>. See <u>Snoring</u>.] <def>To
breathe with a rough, hoarse, nasal voice in sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A harsh nasal noise made
in sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snor"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
snores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snor"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The
act of respiring through the open mouth so that the currents of
inspired and expired air cause a vibration of the uvula and soft
palate, thus giving rise to a sound more or less harsh. It is usually
unvoluntary, but may be produced voluntarily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snort</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snorting</u>.] [OE. <i>snorten</i>; akin to <i>snoren</i>.
<i>See</i> <u>Snore</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To force the air
with violence through the nose, so as to make a noise, as do high-
spirited horsed in prancing and play.</def>  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To snore.</def> [R.] "The <i>snorting</i>
citizens."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To laugh out loudly.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snort</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of snorting; the
sound produced in snorting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snort</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To expel throught the
nostrils with a snort; to utter with a snort.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snort"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who snorts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wheather; -- so
called from its cry.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>snot</i>; akin to
D. <i>snot</i>, LG. <i>snotte</i>, Dan. <i>snot</i>, and to E.
<i>snout</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Snout</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mucus
secreted in, or discharged from, the nose.</def> [Low]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mean, insignificant fellow.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Snot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To blow, wipe, or
clear, as the nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snot"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From <u>Snot</u>.]
<def>To snivel; to cry or whine.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snot"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope going over a yardarm, used to bend a
tripping line to, in sending down topgallant and royal yards in
vessels of war; also, the short line supporting the heel of the sprit
in a small boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snot"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Filth;
abomination.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To purge the <i>snottery</i> of our slimy
time.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snot"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Foul with snot;
hence, mean; dirty.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Snot"ti*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Snot"ti*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Snout</hw> (snout), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>snoute</i>,
probably of Scand, or Low German origin; cf. LG. <i>snute</i>, D.
<i>snuit</i>, G. <i>schnauze</i>, Sw. <i>snut</i>, <i>snyte</i>, Dan.
<i>snude</i>, Icel. <i>sn&?;ta</i> to blow the nose; probably akin to
E. <i>snuff</i>, v.t.  Cf. <u>Snite</u>, <u>Snot</u>, <u>Snuff</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The long, projecting nose of a beast, as of
swine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The nose of a man; -- in contempt.</def>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The nozzle of a pipe, hose, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
anterior prolongation of the head of a gastropod; -- called also
<i>rostrum</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The anterior
prolongation of the head of weevils and allied beetles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snout beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
many species of beetles having an elongated snout and belonging to the
tribe Rhynchophora; a weevil.</cd> -- <col><b>Snout moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any pyralid moth. See
<u>Pyralid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish with a
nozzle or point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snout"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
beast's snout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nose was ugly, long, and big,<BR>
Broad and <i>snouty</i> like a pig.</blockquote> <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LG. <i>snaue</i>, or D.
<i>snaauw</i>, from LG. <i>snau</i> a snout, a beak.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A square-rigged vessel, differing from a brig only in that she
has a trysail mast close abaft the mainmast, on which a large trysail
is hoisted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>snow</i>, <i>snaw</i>,
AS. <i>sn&amacr;w</i>; akin to D. <i>sneeuw</i>, OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>sn&emacr;o</i>, G. <i>schnee</i>, Icel. <i>sn&aelig;r</i>,
<i>snj&omacr;r</i>, <i>snaj&amacr;r</i>, Sw. <i>sn&ouml;</i>, Dan.
<i>snee</i>, Goth. <i>snaiws</i>, Lith. <i>sn&euml;gas</i>, Russ.
<i>snieg'</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>sneachd</i>, W. <i>nyf</i>, L.
<i>nix</i>, <i>nivis</i>, Gr. acc. <grk>ni`fa</grk>, also AS.
<i>sn&imacr;wan</i> to snow, G. <i>schneien</i>, OHG.
<i>sn&imacr;wan</i>, Lith. <i>snigti</i>, L. <i>ningit</i> it snows,
Gr. <grk>ni`fei</grk>, Zend <i>snizh</i> to snow; cf. Skr. <i>snih</i>
to be wet or sticky. &radic;172.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Watery
particles congealed into white or transparent crystals or flakes in
the air, and falling to the earth, exhibiting a great variety of very
beautiful and perfect forms.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Snow</i> is often used to form compounds, most of which
are of obvious meaning; as, <i>snow</i>-capped, <i>snow</i>-clad,
<i>snow</i>-cold, <i>snow</i>-crowned, <i>snow</i>-crust, <i>snow</i>-
fed, <i>snow</i>-haired, <i>snow</i>like, <i>snow</i>-mantled,
<i>snow</i>-nodding, <i>snow</i>-wrought, and the like.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Something white like snow, as the
white color (argent) in heraldry; something which falls in, or as in,
flakes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The field of <i>snow</i> with eagle of black
therein.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Red snow</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Red</u>.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Snow bunting</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Snowbird</u>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow cock</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the snow pheasant.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow
flea</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small black leaping poduran
(<i>Achorutes nivicola</i>) often found in winter on the snow in vast
numbers.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow flood</b></col>, <cd>a flood from melted
snow.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
fringe tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow fly</b></col>, or <col><b>Snow
insect</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species
of neuropterous insects of the genus <i>Boreus</i>. The male has
rudimentary wings; the female is wingless. These insects sometimes
appear creeping and leaping on the snow in great numbers.</cd> --
<col><b>Snow gnat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any wingless
dipterous insect of the genus <i>Chionea</i> found running on snow in
winter.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of arctic geese of the genus
<i>Chen</i>. The common snow goose (<i>Chen hyperborea</i>), common in
the Western United States in winter, is white, with the tips of the
wings black and legs and bill red. Called also <i>white brant</i>,
<i>wavey</i>, and <i>Texas goose</i>. The blue, or blue-winged, snow
goose (<i>C. c&oelig;rulescens</i>) is varied with grayish brown and
bluish gray, with the wing quills black and the head and upper part of
the neck white. Called also <i>white head</i>, <i>white-headed
goose</i>, and <i>bald brant</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow
leopard</b></col> <i>(Zool.)</i>, <cd>the ounce.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow
line</b></col>, <cd>lowest limit of perpetual snow. In the Alps this
is at an altitude of 9,000 feet, in the Andes, at the equator, 16,000
feet.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
European vole (<i>Arvicola nivalis</i>) which inhabits the Alps and
other high mountains.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow pheasant</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of large, handsome
gallinaceous birds of the genus <i>Tetraogallus</i>, native of the
lofty mountains of Asia. The Himalayn snow pheasant (<i>T.
Himalayensis</i>) in the best-known species. Called also <i>snow
cock</i>, and <i>snow chukor</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow
partridge</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Partridge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow pigeon</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a pigeon (<i>Columba leuconota</i>) native of
the Himalaya mountains. Its back, neck, and rump are white, the top of
the head and the ear coverts are black.</cd> -- <col><b>Snow
plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a fleshy parasitic herb
(<i>Sarcodes sanguinea</i>) growing in the coniferous forests of
California. It is all of a bright red color, and is fabled to grow
from the snow, through which it sometimes shoots up.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snowed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snowing</u>.] <def>To fall in or as snow; -- chiefly used
impersonally; as, it <i>snows</i>; it <i>snowed</i>
yesterday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To scatter like snow;
to cover with, or as with, snow.</def>  <i>Donne. Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snow"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A round mass of snow pressed or roller together, or anything
resembling such a mass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The Guelder-rose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snowball tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the Guelder-
rose.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Snow"ball`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snowballed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snowballing</u>.] <def>To pelt with snowballs; to throw snowballs
at.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"ball`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To throw
snowballs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name of several shrubs with white berries; as, the <i>Symphoricarpus
racemosus</i> of the Northern United States, and the <i>Chiococca
racemosa</i> of Florida and tropical America.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Creeping snowberry</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Creeping</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snow"bird</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An arctic finch (<i>Plectrophenax, or
Plectrophanes, nivalis</i>) common, in winter, both in Europe and the
United States, and often appearing in large flocks during snowstorms.
It is partially white, but variously marked with chestnut and brown.
Called also <i>snow bunting</i>, <i>snowflake</i>, <i>snowfleck</i>,
and <i>snowflight</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any finch of the
genus <i>Junco</i> which appears in flocks in winter time, especially
<i>J. hyemalis</i> in the Eastern United States; -- called also
<i>blue snowbird</i>. See <u>Junco</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The fieldfare.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Snow"-blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
blindness by the brilliancy of snow.</def> -- <wf>Snow"-
blind`ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Snow"-bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enveloped in,
or confined by, snow.</def>  <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snow"-broth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Snow and water
mixed, or snow just melted; very cold liquor.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snow"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A very small humming bird (<i>Microch&aelig;ra albocoronata</i>)
native of New Grenada.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The feathers of the top of the head are white and snining,
the body blue black with a purple and bronzy luster. The name is
applied also to <i>Microch&aelig;ra parvirostris</i> of Central
America, which is similar in color.</p>

<p><hw>Snow"-capped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
top capped or covered with snow; as, <i>snow-capped</i>
mountains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"drift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bank of
drifted snow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"drop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
bulbous plant (<i>Galanthus nivalis</i>) bearing white flowers, which
often appear while the snow is on the ground. It is cultivated in
gardens for its beauty.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snowdrop tree</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Silver-bell tree</i>,
under <u>Silver</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Snow"flake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A flake, or small filmy mass, of snow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Snowbird</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several
bulbous plants of the genus <i>Leucoium</i> (<i>L. vernum</i>,
<i>&aelig;stivum</i>, etc.) resembling the snowdrop, but having all
the perianth leaves of equal size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"fleck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Snowbird</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snowl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The hooded merganser.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Snow"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
snow.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Snow"plow`</hw>, <hw>Snow"plough`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An implement operating like a plow, but on a
larger scale, for clearing away the snow from roads, railways,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"shed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shelter to
protect from snow, esp. a long roof over an exposed part of a
railroad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"shoe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slight frame
of wood three or four feet long and about one third as wide, with
thongs or cords stretched across it, and having a support and holder
for the foot; -- used by persons for walking on soft snow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"shoe`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Traveling on
snowshoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"sho`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who travels
on snowshoes; an expert in using snowshoes.</def>  <i>W. G.
Beers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snow"slip`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large mass or
avalanche of snow which slips down the side of a mountain,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"storm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A storm with
falling snow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow"-white`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>White as snow;
very white.</def> "<i>Snow-white</i> and rose-red"
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snow"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>White like snow.</def> "So shows a <i>snowy</i> dove trooping
with crows."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with snow; covered with
snow.</def> "The <i>snowy</i> top of cold Olympus."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Pure; unblemished; unstained;
spotless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There did he lose his <i>snowy</i>
innocence.</blockquote> <i>J. Hall (1646).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Snowy heron</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a white
heron, or egret (<i>Ardea candidissima</i>), found in the Southern
United States, and southward to Chili; -- called also <i>plume
bird</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snowy lemming</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the collared lemming (<i>Cuniculus torquatus</i>), which turns
white in winter.</cd> -- <col><b>Snowy owl</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large arctic owl (<i>Nyctea Scandiaca</i>,
or <i>N. nivea</i>) common all over the northern parts of the United
States and Europe in winter time. Its plumage is sometimes nearly pure
white, but it is usually more or less marked with blackish spots.
Called also <i>white owl</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Snowy plover</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small plover (<i>&AElig;gialitis
nivosa</i>) of the western parts of the United States and Mexico. It
is light gray above, with the under parts and portions of the head
white.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snub</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>snuiven</i>
to snort, to pant, G. <i>schnauben</i>, MHG. <i>sn&umacr;ben</i>,
Prov. G. <i>schnupfen</i>, to sob, and E. <i>snuff</i>, v.t.] <def>To
sob with convulsions.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snubbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snubbing</u>.] [Cf. Icel. <i>ssnubba</i> to snub, chide, Sw.
<i>snubba</i>, Icel. <i>snubb&omacr;ttr</i> snubbed, nipped, and E.
<i>snib</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To clip or break off the end of;
to check or stunt the growth of; to nop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To check, stop, or rebuke, with a tart,
sarcastic reply or remark; to reprimand; to check.</def>  <i>J.
Foster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To treat with contempt or neglect, as a
forward or pretentious person; to slight designedly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To snub a cable</b></col> or <col><b>rope</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to check it suddenly in running out.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A knot;
a protuberance; a song.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[A club] with ragged <i>snubs</i> and knotty
grain.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A check or rebuke; an intended
slight.</def>
 <i>J. Foster.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Snub nose</b></col>, <cd>a short or flat nose.</cd> --
<col><b>Snub post</b></col>, or <col><b>Snubbing post</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a post on a dock or shore, around which a rope is
thrown to check the motion of a vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Snub"-nosed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
short, flat nose, slightly turned up; as, the <i>snub-nosed</i>
eel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Snub-nosed cachalot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
pygmy sperm whale.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Snudge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Snug</u>.]
<def>To lie snug or quiet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snudge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A miser; a sneaking
fellow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Snuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schnuppe</i>
candle snuff, <i>schnuppen</i> to snuff a candle (see <u>Snuff</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, to snuff a candle), or cf. <u>Snub</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The part of a candle wick charred by the
flame, whether burning or not.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the burning <i>snuff</i> happens to get out of the
snuffers, you have a chance that it may fall into a dish of
soup.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snuff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snuffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snuffing</u>.] [OE. <i>snuffen</i>. See <u>Snuff</u> of a candle
<u>Snuff</u> to sniff.] <def>To crop the snuff of, as a candle; to
take off the end of the snuff of.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To snuff out</b></col>, <cd>to extinguish by
snuffing.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1364 !></p>

<p><hw>Snuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>[Akin to D.
<i>snuffen</i>, G. <i>schnupfen</i>, <i>schnuppen</i>, to snuff,
<i>schnupfen</i> a cold in the head, <i>schnuppen</i> to snuff (air),
also, to snuff (a candle).  Cf. <u>Sniff</u>, <u>Snout</u>,
<u>Snub</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw
in, or to inhale, forcibly through the nose; to sniff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>snuffs</i> the wind, his heels the sand
excite.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perceive by the nose; to scent; to
smell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snuff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
inhale air through the nose with violence or with noise, as do dogs
and horses.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn up the nose and inhale air, as an
expression of contempt; hence, to take offense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do the enemies of the church rage and
<i>snuff</i>?</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snuff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of snuffing; perception by snuffing; a sniff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pulverized tobacco, etc., prepared to be
taken into the nose; also, the amount taken at once.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Resentment, displeasure, or contempt,
expressed by a snuffing of the nose.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Snuff dipping</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Dipping</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd> -- <col><b>Snuff taker</b></col>,
<cd>one who uses snuff by inhaling it through the nose.</cd> --
<col><b>To take it in snuff</b></col>, <cd>to be angry or
offended.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Up to snuff</b></col>, <cd>not
likely to be imposed upon; knowing; acute.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Snuff"box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small box for
carrying snuff about the person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snuff"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who snuffs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
porpoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snuff"ers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
for cropping and holding the snuff of a candle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snuff"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a snuffing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snuf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snuffled</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snuffling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>snuff</i>, v.i.; akin to LG.
<i>snuffeln</i>, G. <i>schn&uuml;ffeln</i>, D. <i>snuffeln</i>, Dan.
<i>sn&ouml;vle</i>.  Cf. <u>Sniffle</u>.] <def>To speak through the
nose; to breathe through the nose when it is obstructed, so as to make
a broken sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One clad in purple<BR>
Eats, and recites some lamentable rhyme . . . <BR>
<i>Snuffling</i> at nose, and croaking in his throat.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snuf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of snuffing; a sound made by the air passing through the nose when
obstructed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This dread sovereign, Breath, in its passage, gave a
snort or <i>snuffle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An affected nasal twang; hence, cant;
hypocrisy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Obstruction of the nose by
mucus; nasal catarrh of infants or children.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snuf"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who snuffles;
one who uses cant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snuff"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Soiled with snuff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sulky; angry; vexed.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snug</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Snugger</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Snuggest</u> (?).]
[Prov. E. <i>snug</i> tight, handsome; cf. Icel. <i>sn&ouml;ggr</i>
smooth, ODan. <i>sn&ouml;g</i> neat, Sw. <i>snugg</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Close and warm; as, an infant lies
<i>snug</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Close; concealed; not exposed to
notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lie <i>snug</i>, and hear what critics
say.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Compact, convenient, and comfortable; as, a
<i>snug</i> farm, house, or property.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Lug</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snug</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snugging</u>(?).] <def>To lie close; to snuggle; to snudge; --
often with <i>up</i>, or <i>together</i>; as, a child <i>snugs</i> up
to its mother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snug</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
place snugly.</def> [R.]  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rub, as twine or rope, so as to make it
smooth and improve the finish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snug"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Snuggeries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A snug, cozy place.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Snug"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Snuggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Snuggling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>snug</i>.] <def>To move one way
and the other so as to get a close place; to lie close for comfort; to
cuddle; to nestle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snug"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a snug manner;
closely; safely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snug"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being snug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>sn&umacr;a</i>
to turn.] <def>An upward bend in a piece of timber; the sheer of a
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sny"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A curved
plank, placed edgewise, to work in the bows of a vessel.</def>  <i>R.
H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>So</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>so</i>, <i>sa</i>,
<i>swa</i>, AS. <i>sw&amacr;</i>; akin to OFries, <i>s&amacr;</i>,
<i>s&?;</i>, D. <i>zoo</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>s&?;</i>, G. <i>so</i>,
Icel. <i>sv&amacr;</i>, <i>sv&?;</i>, <i>svo</i>, <i>so</i>, Sw.
<i>s&?;</i>, Dan. <i>saa</i>, Goth. <i>swa</i> so, <i>sw&?;</i> as;
cf. L. <i>suus</i> one's own, Skr. <i>sva</i> one's own, one's self.
&radic;192.  Cf. As, <u>Custom</u>, <u>Ethic</u>, <u>Idiom</u>,
<u>Such</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In that manner or degree; as,
indicated (in any way), or as implied, or as supposed to be
known.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why is his chariot <i>so</i> long in
coming?</blockquote> <i>Judges v. 28.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In like manner or degree; in the same way;
thus; for like reason; whith equal reason; -- used correlatively,
following <i>as</i>, to denote comparison or resemblance; sometimes,
also, following <i>inasmuch as</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a war should be undertaken upon a just motive,
<i>so</i> a prince ought to consider the condition he is
in.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In such manner; to such degree; -- used
correlatively with <i>as</i> or <i>that</i> following; as, he was
<i>so</i> fortunate as to escape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I viewed in may mind, <i>so</i> far as I was able, the
beginning and progress of a rising world.</blockquote> <i>T.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is very much in Sir Roger's esteem, <i>so</i> that
he lives in the family rather as a relation than
dependent.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Very; in a high degree; that is, in such a
degree as can not well be expressed; as, he is <i>so</i> good; he
planned <i>so</i> wisely.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In the same manner; as has been stated or
suggested; in this or that condition or state; under these
circumstances; in this way; -- with reflex reference to something just
asserted or implied; used also with the verb <i>to be</i>, as a
predicate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Use him [your tutor] with great respect yourself, and
cause all your family to do <i>so</i> too.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It concerns every man, with the greatest seriousness,
to inquire into those matters, whether they be <i>so</i> or
not.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is Sir Robert's son, and <i>so</i> art
thou.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The case being such; therefore; on this
account; for this reason; on these terms; -- used both as an adverb
and a conjuction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God makes him in his own image an intellectual
creature, and <i>so</i> capable of dominion.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here, then, exchange we mutually forgiveness;<BR>
So may the guilt of all my broken vows,<BR>
My perjuries to thee, be all forgotten.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>It is well; let it be as it is, or let it
come to pass; -- used to express assent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And when 't is writ, for my sake read it over,<BR>
And if it please you, <i>so</i>; if not, why, <i>so</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is Percy; if your father will do me any honor,
<i>so</i>; if not, let him kill the next Percy himself.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Well; the fact being as stated; -- used as
an expletive; as, <i>so</i> the work is done, is it?</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Is it thus? do you mean what you say? --
with an upward tone; as, do you say he refuses? <i>So</i>?</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>About the number, time, or quantity
specified; thereabouts; more or less; as, I will spend a week or
<i>so</i> in the country; I have read only a page or <i>so</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>A week or <i>so</i> will probably reconcile
us.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; See the Note under <u>Ill</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>So</b></col> . . . <col><b>as</b></col>. <cd><i>So</i> is
now commonly used as a demonstrative correlative of <i>as</i> when it
is the puprpose to emphasize the equality or comparison suggested,
esp. in negative assertions, and questions implying a negative answer.
By Shakespeare and others <i>so</i> . . . <i>as</i> was much used
where <i>as</i> . . . <i>as</i> is now common. See the Note under
<u>As</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>So</i> do, <i>as</i> thou hast said.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xviii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>As</i> a flower of the field, <i>so</i> he
flourisheth.</blockquote> <i>Ps. ciii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Had woman been <i>so</i> strong <i>as</i>
men.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No country suffered <i>so</i> much <i>as</i>
England.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>So far</b></col>, <cd>to that point or extent; in that
particular.</cd> "The song was moral, and <i>so far</i> was right."
<i>Cowper.</i> -- <col><b>So far forth</b></col>, <cd>as far; to such
a degree.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>So
forth</b></col>, <cd>further in the same or similar manner; more of
the same or a similar kind. See <i>And so forth</i>, under
<u>And</u>.</cd>  -- <col><b>So, so</b></col>, <cd>well, well.</cd>
"<i>So, so</i>, it works; now, mistress, sit you fast." <i>Dryden.</i>
<cd>Also, moderately or tolerably well; passably; as, he succeeded but
<i>so so</i>.</cd>  "His leg is but <i>so so</i>." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>So that</b></col>, <cd>to the end that; in order that; with
the effect or result that.</cd> -- <col><b>So then</b></col>, <cd>thus
then it is; therefore; the consequence is.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Provided that; on
condition that; in case that; if.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though all the winds of doctrine were let loose play
upon the earth, <i>so</i> truth be in the field, we do injuriously, by
licensing and prohibiting, to misdoubt her strength.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>So</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Be as you are; stand
still; stop; that will do; right as you are; -- a word used esp. to
cows; also used by sailors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soaking</u>.] [OE. <i>soken</i>, AS. <i>socian</i> to sioak, steep,
fr. <i>s&?;can</i>, <i>s&?;gan</i>, to suck. See <u>Suck</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause or suffer to lie in a fluid till the
substance has imbibed what it can contain; to macerate in water or
other liquid; to steep, as for the purpose of softening or freshening;
as, to <i>soak</i> cloth; to <i>soak</i> bread; to <i>soak</i> salt
meat, salt fish, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drench; to wet thoroughly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their land shall be <i>soaked</i> with
blood.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxiv. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw in by the pores, or through small
passages; as, a sponge <i>soaks</i> up water; the skin <i>soaks</i> in
moisture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make (its way) by entering pores or
interstices; -- often with <i>through</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rivulet beneath <i>soaked</i> its way obscurely
through wreaths of snow.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To absorb; to drain.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soak</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
lie steeping in water or other liquid; to become sturated; as, let the
cloth lie and <i>soak</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter (into something) by pores or
interstices; as, water <i>soaks</i> into the earth or other porous
matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To drink intemperately or
gluttonously.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Soak"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
soaking, or the state of being soaked; also, the quantity that enters
or issues by soaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, soaks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hard drinker.</def> [Slang]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wetting thoroughly;
drenching; as, a <i>soaking</i> rain.</def> -- <wf>Soak"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Soak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of moisture;
wet; soppy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
sole of a shoe.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Sole</u>, the
fish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Soal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sol</i> mire.  Cf.
<u>Sully</u>.] <def>A dirty pond.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chain by which a
leading horse draws a plow.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sope</i>, AS.
<i>s&amacr;pe</i>; akin to D. <i>zeep</i>, G. <i>seife</i>, OHG.
<i>seifa</i>, Icel. <i>s&amacr;pa</i>, Sw. <i>s&?;pa</i>, Dan.
<i>s&?;be</i>, and perhaps to AS. <i>s&imacr;pan</i> to drip, MHG.
<i>s&imacr;fen</i>, and L. <i>sebum</i> tallow.  Cf.
<u>Saponaceous</u>.] <def>A substance which dissolves in water, thus
forming a lather, and is used as a cleansing agent. Soap is produced
by combining fats or oils with alkalies or alkaline earths, usually by
boiling, and consists of salts of sodium, potassium, etc., with the
fatty acids (oleic, stearic, palmitic, etc.). See the Note below, and
cf. <u>Saponification</u>. By extension, any compound of similar
composition or properties, whether used as a cleaning agent or
not.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In general, soaps are of two classes, <i>hard</i> and
<i>soft</i>. Calcium, magnesium, lead, etc., form soaps, but they are
insoluble and useless.</p>

<p><blockquote>The purifying action of <i>soap</i> depends upon the
fact that it is decomposed by a large quantity of water into free
alkali and an insoluble acid salt. The first of these takes away the
fatty dirt on washing, and the latter forms the <i>soap</i> lather
which envelops the greasy matter and thus tends to remove
it.</blockquote> <i>Roscoe &amp; Schorlemmer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Castile soap</b></col>, <cd>a fine-grained hard soap, white
or mottled, made of olive oil and soda; -- called also <i>Marseilles,
or Venetian, soap</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hard soap</b></col>, <cd>any
one of a great variety of soaps, of different ingredients and color,
which are hard and compact. All solid soaps are of this class.</cd> --
<col><b>Lead soap</b></col>, <cd>an insoluble, white, pliable soap
made by saponifying an oil (olive oil) with lead oxide; -- used
externally in medicine. Called also <i>lead plaster</i>,
<i>diachylon</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Marine soap</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Marine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pills of soap</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>pills containing soap and opium.</cd> --
<col><b>Potash soap</b></col>, <cd>any soap made with potash, esp. the
soft soaps, and a hard soap made from potash and castor oil.</cd> --
<col><b>Pumice soap</b></col>, <cd>any hard soap charged with a gritty
powder, as silica, alumina, powdered pumice, etc., which assists
mechanically in the removal of dirt.</cd> -- <col><b>Resin
soap</b></col>, <cd>a yellow soap containing resin, -- used in
bleaching.</cd> -- <col><b>Silicated soap</b></col>, <cd>a cheap soap
containing water glass (sodium silicate).</cd> -- <col><b>Soap
bark</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Quillaia bark</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Soap bubble</b></col>, <cd>a hollow iridescent globe, formed
by blowing a film of soap suds from a pipe; figuratively, something
attractive, but extremely unsubstantial.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>soap bubble</i> of the
metaphysicians.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Soap cerate</b></col>, <cd>a cerate formed of soap,
olive oil, white wax, and the subacetate of lead, sometimes used as an
application to allay inflammation.</cd> -- <col><b>Soap fat</b></col>,
<cd>the refuse fat of kitchens, slaughter houses, etc., used in making
soap.</cd> -- <col><b>Soap liniment</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
liniment containing soap, camphor, and alcohol.</cd> -- <col><b>Soap
nut</b></col>, <cd>the hard kernel or seed of the fruit of the
soapberry tree, -- used for making beads, buttons, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Soap plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>one of several plants
used in the place of soap, as the <i>Chlorogalum pomeridianum</i>, a
California plant, the bulb of which, when stripped of its husk and
rubbed on wet clothes, makes a thick lather, and smells not unlike new
brown soap. It is called also <i>soap apple</i>, <i>soap bulb</i>, and
<i>soap weed</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soap tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Soapberry tree</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda
soap</b></col>, <cd>a soap containing a sodium salt. The soda soaps
are all hard soaps.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft soap</b></col>, <cd>a soap of
a gray or brownish yellow color, and of a slimy, jellylike
consistence, made from potash or the lye from wood ashes. It is
strongly alkaline and often contains glycerin, and is used in scouring
wood, in cleansing linen, in dyehouses, etc. Figuratively, flattery;
wheedling; blarney.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Toilet soap</b></col>,
<cd>hard soap for the toilet, usually colored and perfumed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soaped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soaping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub or wash over with
soap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To flatter; to wheedle.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Soap"ber`ry tree`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any tree of the
genus <i>Sapindus</i>, esp. <i>Sapindus saponaria</i>, the fleshy part
of whose fruit is used instead of soap in washing linen; -- also
called <i>soap tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any serranoid fish of the genus <i>Rhypticus</i>; -- so called
from the soapy feeling of its skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or
state of being soapy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
perennial herb (<i>Gypsophila Struthium</i>) the root of which is used
in Spain as a substitute for soap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Steatite</u>, and <u>Talc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"suds`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Suds made
with soap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
common plant (<i>Saponaria officinalis</i>) of the Pink family; -- so
called because its bruised leaves, when agitated in water, produce a
lather like that from soap. Called also <i>Bouncing Bet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soap"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Soapier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Soapiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling soap; having the qualities of, or feeling like, soap;
soft and smooth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Smeared with soap; covered with
soap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soared</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soaring</u>.] [F. <i>s'essorer</i> to soar, <i>essorer</i> to dry
(by exposing to the air), fr. L. <i>ex</i> out + <i>aura</i> the air,
a breeze; akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fly
aloft, as a bird; to mount upward on wings, or as on wings.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>soars</i> Gaul's vulture with his wings
unfurled.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To rise in thought, spirits, or
imagination; to be exalted in mood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the deep transported mind may
<i>soar</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Valor <i>soars</i> above<BR>
What the world calls misfortune.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of soaring; upward
flight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This apparent <i>soar</i> of the hooded
falcon.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See 3d <u>Sore</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Soar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sore</u>, reddish
brown.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Soar falcon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sore
falcon</i>, under <u>Sore</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soar"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Soar</u>.</def> -- <wf>Soar"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||So*a"ve</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Sweet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So*a`ve*men"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Sweetly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sob</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Sop</u>.] <def>To
soak.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sob</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sobbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sobbing</u>.] [OE. <i>sobben</i>; akin to AS.
<i>se&oacute;fian</i>, <i>si&oacute;fian</i>, to complain, bewail,
<i>se&oacute;fung</i>, <i>si&oacute;fung</i>, sobbing, lamentation;
cf. OHG. <i>s&?;ft&ouml;n</i>, <i>s&?;ft&?;n</i>, to sigh, MHG.
<i>siuften</i>, <i>siufzen</i>, G. <i>seufzen</i>, MHG. <i>s&?;ft</i>
a sigh, properly, a drawing in of breath, from <i>s&?;fen</i> to
drink, OHG. <i>s&?;fan</i>.  Cf. <u>Sup</u>.] <def>To sigh with a
sudden heaving of the breast, or with a kind of convulsive motion; to
sigh with tears, and with a convulsive drawing in of the
breath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sobbing</i> is the same thing [as sighing],
stronger.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She sighed, she <i>sobbed</i>, and, furious with
despair.<BR>
She rent her garments, and she tore her hair.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sob</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of sobbing; a convulsive sigh, or inspiration of the breath, as in
sorrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Break, heart, or choke with <i>sobs</i> my hated
breath.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any sorrowful cry or sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tremulous <i>sob</i> of the complaining
owl.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sob"bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A series of short,
convulsive inspirations, the glottis being suddenly closed so that
little or no air enters into the lungs.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sober</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Soberer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Soberest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sobre</i>, F. <i>sobre</i>, from L. <i>sobrius</i>, probably from a
prefix <i>so-</i> expressing separation + <i>ebrius</i> drunken.  Cf.
<u>Ebriety</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Temperate in the use of
spirituous liquors; habitually temperate; as, a <i>sober</i>
man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That we may hereafter live a godly, righteous, and
<i>sober</i> life, to the glory of Thy holy name.</blockquote> <i>Bk.
of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not intoxicated or excited by spirituous
liquors; as, the sot may at times be <i>sober</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not mad or insane; not wild, visionary, or
heated with passion; exercising cool, dispassionate reason; self-
controlled; self-possessed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was not a <i>sober</i> person to be had; all was
tempestuous and blustering.</blockquote>  <i>Druden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>sober</i> man would put himself into danger for
the applause of escaping without breaking his neck.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1365 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not proceeding from, or attended with,
passion; calm; as, <i>sober</i> judgment; a man in his <i>sober</i>
senses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Serious or subdued in demeanor, habit,
appearance, or color; solemn; grave; sedate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What parts gay France from <i>sober</i>
Spain?</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>See her <i>sober</i> over a sampler, or gay over a
jointed baby.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Twilight gray<BR>
Had in her <i>sober</i> livery all things clad.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Grave; temperate; abstinent; abstemious; moderate;
regular; steady; calm; quiet; cool; collected; dispassionate;
unimpassioned; sedate; staid; serious; solemn; somber. See
<u>Grave</u>.</p>

<p><hw>So"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sobered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sobering</u>.] <def>To make sober.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There shallow draughts intoxicate the brain,<BR>
And drinking largely <i>sobers</i> us again.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become sober; --
often with <i>down</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vance gradually <i>sobered</i> down.</blockquote>
<i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ber*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
sober.</def> [R.]  <i>Crabbe.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ber*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sober manner;
temperately; cooly; calmly; gravely; seriously.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ber*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Grave; serious;
solemn; sad.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[He] looked hollow and thereto
<i>soberly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ber-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
disposition or temper habitually sober.</def> -- <wf>So"ber-
mind`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>So"ber*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sober.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sob"o*les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a short.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A shoot running along under
ground, forming new plants at short distances.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sucker, as of tree or shrub.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sob`o*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>soboles
+ -ferous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing soboles. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Houseleek</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*bri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sobrietas</i>: cf. F. <i>sobri&eacute;t&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Sober</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Habitual soberness or
temperance as to the use of spirituous liquors; as, a man of
<i>sobriety</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Public <i>sobriety</i> is a relative duty.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Habitual freedom from enthusiasm,
inordinate passion, or overheated imagination; calmness; coolness;
gravity; seriousness; as, the <i>sobriety</i> of riper
years.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mirth makes them not mad,<BR>
Nor <i>sobriety</i> sad.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Soberness; temperance; abstinence; abstemiousness;
moderation; regularity; steadness; calmness; coolness; sober-
mindeness; sedateness; staidness; gravity; seriousness; solemnity.</p>

<p><hw>||So`bri`quet"</hw> (s&osl;`br&esl;`k&asl;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F. <i>sobriquet</i>, OF. <i>soubzbriquet</i>,
<i>soubriquet</i>, a chuck under the chin, hence, an affront, a
nickname; of uncertain origin; cf. It. <i>sottobecco</i> a chuck under
the chin.] <def>An assumed name; a fanciful epithet or appellation; a
nickname.</def> [Sometimes less correctly written
<i>soubriquet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Soc</hw> (s&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>s&omacr;c</i> the power of holding court, sway, domain, properly,
the right of investigating or seeking; akin to E. <i>sake</i>,
<i>seek</i>. <u>Sake</u>, <u>Seek</u>, and cf. <u>Sac</u>, and
<u>Soke</u>.] [Written also <i>sock</i>, and <i>soke</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
lord's power or privilege of holding a court in a district, as in
manor or lordship; jurisdiction of causes, and the limits of that
jurisdiction.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Liberty or privilege of
tenants excused from customary burdens.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An exclusive privilege formerly claimed by
millers of grinding all the corn used within the manor or township
which the mill stands.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Soc and sac</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the full
right of administering justice in a manor or lordship.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soc"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[From <u>Soc</u>; cf. LL.
<i>socagium</i>.] <i>(O.Eng. Law)</i> <def>A tenure of lands and
tenements by a certain or determinate service; a tenure distinct from
chivalry or knight's service, in which the obligations were uncertain.
The service must be certain, in order to be denominated <i>socage</i>,
as to hold by fealty and twenty shillings rent.</def> [Written also
<i>soccage</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Socage</i> is of two kinds; <i>free socage</i>, where the
services are not only certain, but honorable; and <i>villein
socage</i>, where the services, though certain, are of a baser nature.
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soc"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>A tennant by socage; a socman.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"-called`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>So named;
called by such a name (but perhaps called thus with doubtful
propriety).</def></p>

<p><hw>So`cia*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Cf. F.
<i>sociabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being sociable;
sociableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"cia*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[F., fr. L.
<i>sociabilis</i>, fr. <i>sociare</i> to associate, fr. <i>socius</i>
a companion. See <u>Social</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of
being, or fit to be, united in one body or company; associable.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They are <i>sociable</i> parts united into one
body.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to, or adapted for, society; ready
to unite with others; fond of companions; social.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Society is no comfort to one not
<i>sociable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What can be more uneasy to this <i>sociable</i>
creature than the dry, pensive retirements of solitude?</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ready to converse; inclined to talk with
others; not taciturn or reserved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Affording opportunites for conversation;
characterized by much conversation; as, a <i>sociable</i>
party.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>No longer hostile; friendly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sociable bird</b></col>, <i>or</i>  <col><b>Sociable
weaver</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a weaver bird which builds
composite nests. See <u>Republican</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Social; companionable; conversible; friendly;
familiar; communicative; accessible.</p>

<p><hw>So"cia*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
gathering of people for social purposes; an informal party or
reception; as, a church <i>sociable</i>.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A carriage having two double seats facing
each other, and a box for the driver.</def>  <i>Miss
Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"cia*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sociable.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"cia*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sociable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>socialis</i>,
from <i>socius</i> a companion; akin to <i>sequi</i> to follow: cf. F.
<i>social</i>. See <u>Sue</u> to follow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to society; relating to men living in society, or to the
public as an aggregate body; as, <i>social</i> interest or concerns;
<i>social</i> pleasure; <i>social</i> benefits; <i>social</i>
happiness; <i>social</i> duties.</def> "<i>Social</i> phenomena."
<i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ready or disposed to mix in friendly
converse; companionable; sociable; as, a <i>social</i>
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Consisting in union or mutual
intercourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Best with thyself accompanied, seek'st not<BR>
<i>Social</i> communication.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Naturally growing in groups
or masses; -- said of many individual plants of the same
species.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Living in communities consisting of males, females, and neuters,
as do ants and most bees.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Forming
compound groups or colonies by budding from basal processes or
stolons; as, the <i>social</i> ascidians.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Social science</b></col>, <cd>the science of all that
relates to the social condition, the relations and institutions which
are involved in man's existence and his well-being as a member of an
organized community; sociology. It concerns itself with questions of
the public health, education, labor, punishment of crime, reformation
of criminals, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Social whale</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the blackfish.</cd> -- <col><b>The social
evil</b></col>, <cd>prostitution.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sociable; companionable; conversible; friendly;
familiar; communicative; convival; festive.</p>

<p><hw>So"cial*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>socialisme</i>.] <def>A theory or system of social reform which
contemplates a complete reconstruction of society, with a more just
and equitable distribution of property and labor. In popular usage,
the term is often employed to indicate any lawless, revolutionary
social scheme. See <u>Communism</u>, <u>Fourierism</u>, <u>Saint-
Simonianism</u>, forms of socialism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[<i>Socialism</i>] was first applied in England to
Owen's theory of social reconstruction, and in France to those also of
St. Simon and Fourier . . . The word, however, is used with a great
variety of meaning, . . . even by economists and learned critics. The
general tendency is to regard as socialistic any interference
undertaken by society on behalf of the poor, . . . radical social
reform which disturbs the present system of private property . . . The
tendency of the present <i>socialism</i> is more and more to ally
itself with the most advanced democracy.</blockquote> <i>Encyc.
Brit.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We certainly want a true history of <i>socialism</i>,
meaning by that a history of every systematic attempt to provide a new
social existence for the mass of the workers.</blockquote> <i>F.
Harrison.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"cial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>socialiste</i>.] <def>One who advocates or practices the doctrines
of socialism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>So"cial*ist</hw>, <hw>So`cial*is"tic</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or of the nature of,
socialism.</def></p>

<p><hw>So`ci*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>socialist&eacute;</i>, L. <i>socialitas</i>.] <def>The quality of
being social; socialness.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"cial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To render social.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subject to, or regulate by,
socialism.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a social
manner; sociably.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"cial*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being social.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sociatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>sociare</i> to associate, fr. <i>socius</i> companion.]
<def>Associated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>So"ci*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An associate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As for you, Dr. Reynolds, and your
<i>sociates</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
associate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shelford.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*ci`e*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to society; social.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The all-sweeping besom of <i>societarian</i>
reformation.</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*ci"e*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Societarian.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>So*ci"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Societies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>societas</i>, fr.
<i>socius</i> a companion: cf. F. <i>soci&eacute;t&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Social</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The relationship of men to one
another when associated in any way; companionship; fellowship;
company.</def> "Her loved <i>society</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is <i>society</i> where none intrudes<BR>
By the deep sea, and music in its roar.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Connection; participation;
partnership.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The meanest of the people and such as have the least
<i>society</i> with the acts and crimes of kings.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A number of persons associated for any
temporary or permanent object; an association for mutual or joint
usefulness, pleasure, or profit; a social union; a partnership; as, a
missionary <i>society</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The persons, collectively considered, who
live in any region or at any period; any community of individuals who
are united together by a common bond of nearness or intercourse; those
who recognize each other as associates, friends, and
acquaintances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the more cultivated portion
of any community in its social relations and influences; those who
mutually give receive formal entertainments.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Society of Jesus</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Jesuit</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Society verses</b></col> [a translation of F. <i>vers de
soci&eacute;t&eacute;</i>], <cd>the lightest kind of lyrical poetry;
verses for the amusement of polite society.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So*cin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to <i>Socinus</i>, or the Socinians.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*cin"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
followers of Socinus; a believer in Socinianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*cin"i*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>The tenets or doctrines of Faustus Socinus, an Italian
theologian of the sixteenth century, who denied the Trinity, the deity
of Christ, the personality of the Devil, the native and total
depravity of man, the vicarious atonement, and the eternity of future
punishment. His theory was, that Christ was a man divinely
commissioned, who had no existence before he was conceived by the
Virgin Mary; that human sin was the imitation of Adam's sin, and that
human salvation was the imitation and adoption of Christ's virtue;
that the Bible was to be interpreted by human reason; and that its
language was metaphorical, and not to be taken literally.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*cin"i*an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Socinianized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Socinianizing</u> (?).] <def>To cause to conform to
Socinianism; to regulate by, or imbue with, the principles of
Socinianism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>So`ci*o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>So`ci*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to sociology, or social
science.</def> -- <wf>So`ci*o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>So`ci*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
treats of, or devotes himself to, the study of sociology.</def>  <i>J.
S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>So`ci*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>socius</i>
a companion + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of philosophy which
treats of the constitution, phenomena, and development of human
society; social science.</def>  <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>soc</i>, LL.
<i>soccus</i>, perhaps of Celtic origin.] <def>A plowshare.</def>
<i>Edin. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sock</i>, AS.
<i>socc</i>, fr. L. <i>soccus</i> a kind of low-heeled, light shoe.
Cf. <u>Sucket</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The shoe worn by actors of
comedy in ancient Greece and Rome, -- used as a symbol of comedy, or
of the comic drama, as distinguished from tragedy, which is symbolized
by the <i>buskin</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great Fletcher never treads in buskin here,<BR>
Nor greater Jonson dares in <i>socks</i> appear.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A knit or woven covering for the foot and
lower leg; a stocking with a short leg.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A warm inner sole for a shoe.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sock*dol"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<i>doxology</i>.] [Written also <i>sockdologer</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which finishes or ends a matter; a
settler; a poser, as a heavy blow, a conclusive answer, and the
like.</def> [Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Angling)</i> <def>A combination of two hooks
which close upon each other, by means of a spring, as soon as the fish
bites.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sock"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>soket</i>, a
dim. through OF. fr. L. <i>soccus</i>. See <u>Sock</u> a covering for
the foot.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opening into which anything is
fitted; any hollow thing or place which receives and holds something
else; as, the <i>sockets</i> of the teeth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eyeballs in their hollow <i>sockets</i>
sink.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the hollow tube or place in
which a candle is fixed in the candlestick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And in the <i>sockets</i> oily bubbles
dance.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Socket bolt</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a bolt that
passes through a thimble that is placed between the parts connected by
the bolt.</cd> -- <col><b>Socket chisel</b></col>. <cd>Same as
<i>Framing chisel</i>. See under <u>Framing</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Socket pipe</b></col>, <cd>a pipe with an expansion at one end
to receive the end of a connecting pipe.</cd> -- <col><b>Socket
pole</b></col>, <cd>a pole armed with iron fixed on by means of a
socket, and used to propel boats, etc.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Socket
wrench</b></col>, <cd>a wrench consisting of a socket at the end of a
shank or rod, for turning a nut, bolthead, etc., in a narrow or deep
recess.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sock"et*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
socket.</def>  <i>Dawkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sock"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of socks or
shoes.</def>  <i>B. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sock"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wet; soaky.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>So"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>socculus</i>, dim. of <i>soccus</i>. See <u>Sock</u> a covering for
the foot.  Cf. <u>Zocco</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A plain block or plinth forming a low pedestal; any base;
especially, the base of a statue, column, or the like. See
<u>Plinth</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A plain face or plinth
at the lower part of a wall.</def>  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soc"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Socmen</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Socage</u>.] <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>One who holds lands or tenements by socage; a
socager.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soc"man*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O.E. Law)</i>
<def>Tenure by socage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soc"ome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&omacr;cen</i>,
<i>s&omacr;cn</i>, searching, or the right of searching, the lord's
court. See <u>Soc</u>.] <i>(O.Eng. Law)</i> <def>A custom of tenants
to grind corn at the lord's mill.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soc"o*trine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Socotra, an island in the Indian Ocean, on the east
coast of Africa.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Socotra.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>So*crat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>So*crat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Socraticus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.] <def>Of
or pertaining to Socrates, the Grecian sage and teacher. (<u>b. c.</u>
469-399), or to his manner of teaching and philosophizing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Socratic</i> method of reasoning and instruction was
by a series of questions leading the one to whom they were addressed
to perceive and admit what was true or false in doctrine, or right or
wrong in conduct.</p>

<p><hw>So*crat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
Socratic method.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soc"ra*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The philosophy
or the method of Socrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soc"ra*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;.]
<def>A disciple or follower of Socrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
rock dove.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sod</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Seethe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG. <i>sode</i>, D.
<i>zode</i>, OD. <i>sode</i>, <i>soode</i>, OFries. satha, and E.
<i>seethe</i>. So named from its <i>sodden</i> state in wet weather.
See <u>Seethe</u>.] <def>That stratum of the surface of the soil which
is filled with the roots of grass, or any portion of that surface;
turf; sward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She there shall dress a sweeter <i>sod</i><BR>
Than Fancy's feet have ever trod.</blockquote> <i>Collins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sod</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sodden</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sodding</u>.] <def>To cover with sod; to turf.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., soda, in OIt., ashes
used in making glass, fr. L. <i>solida</i>, fem. of <i>solidus</i>
solid; <i>solida</i> having probably been a name of glasswort. See
<u>Solid</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Sodium oxide or
hydroxide.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Popularly, sodium carbonate
or bicarbonate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Caustic soda</b></col>, <cd>sodium hydroxide.</cd> --
<col><b>Cooking soda</b></col>, <cd>sodium bicarbonate.</cd> [Colloq.]
-- <col><b>Sal soda</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Sodium carbonate</i>, under
<u>Sodium</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda alum</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>a mineral consisting of the hydrous sulphate of alumina and
soda.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda ash</b></col>, <cd>crude sodium carbonate;
-- so called because formerly obtained from the ashes of sea plants
and certain other plants, as saltwort (<i>Salsola</i>). See under
<u>Sodium</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda fountain</b></col>, <cd>an
apparatus for drawing soda water, fitted with delivery tube, faucets,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda lye</b></col>, <cd>a lye consisting
essentially of a solution of sodium hydroxide, used in soap
making.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda niter</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Nitratine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda salts</b></col>, <cd>salts
having sodium for the base; specifically, sodium sulphate or Glauber's
salts.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda waste</b></col>, <cd>the waste material,
consisting chiefly of calcium hydroxide and sulphide, which
accumulates as a useless residue or side product in the ordinary
Leblanc process of soda manufacture; -- called also <i>alkali
waste</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soda water</b></col>, <cd>originally, a
beverage consisting of a weak solution of sodium bicarbonate, with
some acid to cause effervescence; now, in common usage, a beverage
consisting of water highly charged with carbon dioxide (carbonic
acid). Fruit sirups, cream, etc., are usually added to give flavor.
See <i>Carbonic acid</i>, under <u>Carbonic</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Washing soda</b></col>, <cd>sodium carbonate.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 1366 !></p>

<p><hw>So*da"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
containing, soda.</def> "<i>Sodaic</i> powder."  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"da*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Soda</i> + <i>-
lite</i>: cf. F. <i>sodalithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a
white to blue or gray color, occuring commonly in dodecahedrons, also
massive.  It is a silicate of alumina and soda with some
chlorine.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*dal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sodalities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sodalitas</i>, fr.
<i>sodalis</i> a comrade.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fellowship or
fraternity; a brotherhood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R.C.Ch.)</i> <def>Specifically, a lay
association for devotion or for charitable purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod*am"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
greenish or reddish crystalline substance, NaNH<sub>2</sub>, obtained
by passing ammonia over heated sodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Seethe</u>.] <def>Boiled; seethed; also, soaked;
heavy with moisture; saturated; as, <i>sodden</i> beef; <i>sodden</i>
bread; <i>sodden</i> fields.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be seethed; to
become sodden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod"den</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To soak; to make
heavy with water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod"den-wit`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heavy;
dull.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sod"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Sod</u>.]
<def>Consisting of sod; covered with sod; turfy.</def>
<i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sod"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Solder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to sodium; containing sodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"di*o-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also
used adjectively) denoting <i>the presence of sodium</i> or <i>one of
its compounds</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.E.
<i>soda</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A common metallic element of the
alkali group, in nature always occuring combined, as in common salt,
in albite, etc. It is isolated as a soft, waxy, white, unstable metal,
so readily oxidized that it combines violently with water, and to be
preserved must be kept under petroleum or some similar liquid. Sodium
is used combined in many salts, in the free state as a reducer, and as
a means of obtaining other metals (as magnesium and aluminium) is an
important commercial product. Symbol Na  (<i>Natrium</i>). Atomic
weight 23. Specific gravity 0.97.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sodium amalgam</b></col>, <cd>an alloy of sodium and
mercury, usually produced as a gray metallic crystalline substance,
which is used as a reducing agent, and otherwise.</cd> --
<col><b>Sodium bicarbonate</b></col>, <cd>a white crystalline
substance, HNaCO<sub>3</sub>, with a slight alkaline taste resembling
that of sodium carbonate. It is found in many mineral springs and also
produced artificially,. It is used in cookery, in baking powders, and
as a source of carbonic acid gas (carbon dioxide) for soda water.
Called also <i>cooking soda</i>, <i>saleratus</i>, and technically,
<i>acid sodium carbonate</i>, <i>primary sodium carbonate</i>,
<i>sodium dicarbonate</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Sodium
carbonate</b></col>, <cd>a white crystalline substance,
Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>.<sub>10</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O, having a
cooling alkaline taste, found in the ashes of many plants, and
produced artifically in large quantities from common salt. It is used
in making soap, glass, paper, etc., and as alkaline agent in many
chemical industries. Called also <i>sal soda</i>, <i>washing soda</i>,
or <i>soda</i>.  Cf. <i>Sodium bicarbonate</i>, above and
<u>Trona</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sodium chloride</b></col>, <cd>common,
or table, salt, NaCl.</cd> -- <col><b>Sodium hydroxide</b></col>,
<cd>a white opaque brittle solid, NaOH, having a fibrous structure,
produced by the action of quicklime, or of calcium hydrate (milk of
lime), on sodium carbonate. It is a strong alkali, and is used in the
manufacture of soap, in making wood pulp for paper, etc. Called also
<i>sodium hydrate</i>, and <i>caustic soda</i>. By extension, a
solution of sodium hydroxide.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sod"om*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An inhabitant of Sodom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One guilty of sodomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sod`om*it"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or of the nature of, sodomy.</def> -- <wf>Sod`om*it"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sod"om*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Sodom</i>. a
country mentioned in the Bible: cf. F. <i>sodomite</i>.] <def>Carnal
copulation in a manner against nature; buggery.</def>  <i>Gen. xix.
5.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Soe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>sae</i>,
<i>say</i>, <i>saye</i>; cf. Icel. <i>s&amacr;r</i> a large cask, Sw.
<i>s&?;</i> a tub.] <def>A large wooden vessel for holding water; a
cowl.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*ev"er</hw> (?). <def>A word compounded of <i>so</i> and
<i>ever</i>, used in composition with <i>who</i>, <i>what</i>,
<i>where</i>, <i>when</i>, <i>how</i>, etc., and indicating any out of
all possible or supposable persons, things, places, times, ways, etc.
It is sometimes used separate from the pronoun or adverb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For unto whom<i>soever</i> much is given, of him shall
be much required.</blockquote> <i>Luke xii. 48.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What great thing <i>soever</i> a man proposed to do in
his life, he should think of achieving it by fifty.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"fa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sofas</b></plw> (#). [Ar. <i>soffah</i>, from <i>saffa</i> to
dispose in order: cf. F. <i>sofa</i>, It. <i>sof&agrave;</i>.] <def>A
long seat, usually with a cushioned bottom, back, and ends; -- much
used as a comfortable piece of furniture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let fall the curtains, wheel the <i>sofa</i>
round.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sofa bed</b></col>, <cd>a sofa so contrived that it may be
extended to form a bed; -- called also <i>sofa bedstead</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sof"fit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>soffitta</i>,
<i>soffitto</i>, fr. <i>soffiggere</i> to hide, properly, to fix or
fasten under, L. <i>suffigere</i> to fasten beneath or below;
<i>sub</i> under, beneath + <i>figere</i> to fix, faste: cf. F.
<i>soffite</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The under side of the subordinate
parts and members of buildings, such as staircases, entablatures,
archways, cornices, or the like. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Lintel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"fi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sofis</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Same as <u>Sufi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"fism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sufism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soft</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Softer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Softest</u>.] [OE.
<i>softe</i>, AS. <i>s&?;fte</i>, properly adv. of <i>s&?;fte</i>,
adj.; akin to OS. <i>s&amacr;fto</i>, adv., D. <i>zacht</i>, OHG.
<i>samfto</i>, adv., <i>semfti</i>, adj., G. <i>sanft</i>, LG.
<i>sacht</i>; of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easily
yielding to pressure; easily impressed, molded, or cut; not firm in
resisting; impressible; yielding; also, malleable; -- opposed to
<i>hard</i>; as, a <i>soft</i> bed; a <i>soft</i> peach; <i>soft</i>
earth; <i>soft</i> wood or metal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not rough, rugged, or harsh to the touch;
smooth; delicate; fine; as, <i>soft</i> silk; a <i>soft</i>
skin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that wear <i>soft</i> clothing are in king's
houses.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xi. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, agreeable to feel, taste, or inhale;
not irritating to the tissues; as, a <i>soft</i> liniment; <i>soft</i>
wines.</def> "The <i>soft</i>, delicious air."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not harsh or offensive to the sight; not
glaring; pleasing to the eye; not exciting by intensity of color or
violent contrast; as, <i>soft</i> hues or tints.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun, shining upon the upper part of the clouds . .
. made the <i>softest</i> lights imaginable.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not harsh or rough in sound; gentle and
pleasing to the ear; flowing; as, <i>soft</i> whispers of
music.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her voice was ever <i>soft</i>,<BR>
Gentle, and low, -- an excellent thing in woman.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Soft</i> were my numbers; who could take
offense?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Easily yielding; susceptible to influence;
flexible; gentle; kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would to God my heart were flint, like Edward's;<BR>
Or Edward's <i>soft</i> and pitiful, like mine.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The meek or <i>soft</i> shall inherit the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Expressing gentleness, tenderness, or the
like; mild; conciliatory; courteous; kind; as, <i>soft</i>
eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>soft</i> answer turneth away wrath.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xv. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A face with gladness overspread,<BR>
<i>Soft</i> smiles, by human kindness bred.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Effeminate; not courageous or manly,
weak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A longing after sensual pleasures is a dissolution of
the spirit of a man, and makes it loose, <i>soft</i>, and
wandering.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Gentle in action or motion; easy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On her <i>soft</i> axle, white she paces even,<BR>
And bears thee soft with the smooth air along.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Weak in character; impressible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The deceiver soon found this <i>soft</i> place of
Adam's.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Somewhat weak in intellect.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He made <i>soft</i> fellows stark noddies, and such as
were foolish quite mad.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Quiet; undisturbed; paceful; as,
<i>soft</i> slumbers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Having, or consisting of, a gentle curve
or curves; not angular or abrupt; as, <i>soft</i> outlines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Not tinged with mineral salts; adapted to
decompose soap; as, <i>soft</i> water is the best for
washing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Applied to a palatal, a sibilant, or a dental consonant (as
<i>g</i> in <i>gem</i>, <i>c</i> in <i>cent</i>, etc.) as
distinguished from a guttural mute (as <i>g</i> in <i>go</i>, <i>c</i>
in <i>cone</i>, etc.); -- opposed to <i>hard</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Belonging to the class of sonant elements as
distinguished from the surd, and considered as involving less force in
utterance; as, <i>b</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>g</i>, <i>z</i>, <i>v</i>, etc.,
in contrast with <i>p</i>, <i>t</i>, <i>k</i>, <i>s</i>, <i>f</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Soft clam</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common or
long clam (<i>Mya arenaria</i>). See <u>Mya</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft
coal</b></col>, <cd>bituminous coal, as distinguished from
<i>anthracite</i>, or <i>hard, coal</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft
crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any crab which has recently
shed its shell.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft dorsal</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the posterior part of the dorsal fin of
fishes when supported by soft rays.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft
grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Velvet grass</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Soft money</b></col>, <cd>paper money, as distinguished from
<i>coin</i>, or <i>hard money</i>.</cd> [Colloq. U.S.] -- <col><b>Soft
mute</b></col>. <i>(Phonetics)</i> <cd>See <u>Media</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Soft palate</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Palate</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft ray</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a fin ray which is articulated and usually branched.</cd> --
<col><b>Soft soap</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Soap</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Soft-tack</b></col>, <cd>leavened bread, as distinguished from
<i>hard-tack</i>, or <i>ship bread</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft
tortoise</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any river tortoise of the
genus Trionyx. See <u>Trionyx</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soft or foolish
person; an idiot.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soft</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Softly; without
roughness or harshness; gently; quietly.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A knight <i>soft</i> riding toward them.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soft</hw>, <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Be quiet; hold; stop;
not so fast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Soft</i>, you; a word or two before you
go.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sof"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corruption of Per.
<i>s&?;khtah</i> one who burns, is ardent or zealous.] <def>Any one
attached to a Mohammedan mosque, esp. a student of the higher branches
of theology in a mosque school.</def> [Written also
<i>sophta</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sof"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Softened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Softening</u>.] <def>To make soft or more soft.</def> Specifically:
--</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To render less hard; -- said of
matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their arrow's point they <i>soften</i> in the
flame.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To mollify; to make less fierce or
intractable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Diffidence conciliates the proud, and <i>softens</i>
the severe.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To palliate; to represent as less
enormous; as, to <i>soften</i> a fault.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To compose; to mitigate; to
assuage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Music can <i>soften</i> pain to ease.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> To make calm and placid.</p>

<p><blockquote>All that cheers or <i>softens</i> life.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To make less harsh, less rude, less
offensive, or less violent, or to render of an opposite
quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bore his great commision in his look,<BR>
But tempered awe, and <i>softened</i> all he spoke.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>To make less glaring; to tone down; as, to
<i>soften</i> the coloring of a picture.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>To make tender; to make effeminate; to
enervate; as, troops <i>softened</i> by luxury.</def>
</p>

<p><sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>To make less harsh or grating, or of a
quality the opposite; as, to <i>soften</i> the voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sof"ten</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become soft or
softened, or less rude, harsh, severe, or obdurate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sof"ten*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, softens.</def> [Written also, less properly, softner.]</p>

<p><hw>Sof"ten*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Soften</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Softening of the brain</b></col>, or <col><b>Cerebral
softening</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a localized softening of the
brain substance, due to hemorrhage or inflammation. Three varieties,
distinguished by their color and representing different stages of the
morbid process, are known respectively as <i>red</i>, <i>yellow</i>,
and <i>white</i>, <i>softening</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soft"-finned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the fin rays cartilaginous or
flexible; without spines; -- said of certain fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soft"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weak in
intellect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soft"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
softness or tenderness of heart; susceptible of pity or other kindly
affection; gentle; meek.</def> -- <wf>Soft"-heart`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Soft"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
soft.</def>  <i>De Witt Clinton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soft"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soft,
effeminate person; a voluptuary.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Woolton. .</i></p>

<p><hw>Soft"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a soft
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soft"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Softener</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soft"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>s&?;ftness</i>, <i>s&?;ftnyss</i>.] <def>The quality or state of
being soft; -- opposed to <i>hardness</i>, and used in the various
specific senses of the adjective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soft"-shell`</hw> (?), <hw>Soft"-shelled`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a soft or fragile shell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Soft-shell clam</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the long
clam. See <u>Mya</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft-shelled crab</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See the Note under <u>Crab</u>, 1.</cd> --
<col><b>Soft-shelled turtle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Soft tortoise</i>, under <u>Soft</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soft"-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speaking
softly; having a mild or gentle voice; hence, mild; affable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sog"gi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being soggy; soddenness; wetness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sog"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Soggier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Soggiest</u>.] [Cf. Icel.
<i>s&ouml;ggr</i> damp, wet, or E. <i>soak</i>.] <def>Filled with
water; soft with moisture; sodden; soaked; wet; as, <i>soggy</i> land
or timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*ho"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Ho; -- a word
used in calling from a distant place; a sportsman's halloo.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Soi`-di`sant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Calling himself; self-styled; pretended; would-be.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soiling</u>.] [OF. <i>saoler</i>, <i>saouler</i>, to satiate, F.
<i>so&ucirc;ler</i>, L. <i>satullare</i>, fr. <i>satullus</i>, dim. of
<i>satur</i> sated. See <u>Satire</u>.] <def>To feed, as cattle or
horses, in the barn or an inclosure, with fresh grass or green food
cut for them, instead of sending them out to pasture; hence (such food
having the effect of purging them), to purge by feeding on green food;
as, to <i>soil</i> a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>soile</i>, F.
<i>sol</i>, fr. L. <i>solum</i> bottom, soil; but the word has
probably been influenced in form by <i>soil</i> a miry place.  Cf.
<u>Saloon</u>, <u>Soil</u> a miry place, <u>Sole</u> of the foot.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The upper stratum of the earth; the mold, or
that compound substance which furnishes nutriment to plants, or which
is particularly adapted to support and nourish them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Land; country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Must I thus leave thee, Paradise? thus leave<BR>
Thee, native <i>soil</i>?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dung; f&aelig;ces; compost; manure; as,
night <i>soil</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Improve land by dung and other sort of
<i>soils</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Soil pipe</b></col>, <cd>a pipe or drain for carrying off
night soil.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enrich with soil or
muck; to manure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men . . . <i>soil</i> their ground, not that they love
the dirt, but that they expect a crop.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>soil</i>, <i>souil</i>,
F. <i>souille</i>, from OF. <i>soillier</i>, F. <i>souiller</i>. See
<u>Soil</u> to make dirty.] <def>A marshy or miry place to which a
hunted boar resorts for refuge; hence, a wet place, stream, or tract
of water, sought for by other game, as deer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As deer, being stuck, fly through many
<i>soils</i>,<BR>
Yet still the shaft sticks fast.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To take soil</b></col>, <cd>to run into the mire or water;
hence, to take refuge or shelter.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>O, sir, have you <i>taken soil</i> here? It is well a
man may reach you after three hours' running.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>[OE. <i>soilen</i>, OF.
<i>soillier</i>, F. <i>souiller</i>, (assumed) LL. <i>suculare</i>,
fr. L. <i>sucula</i> a little pig, dim. of <i>sus</i> a swine. See
<u>Sow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
dirty or unclean on the surface; to foul; to dirty; to defile; as, to
<i>soil</i> a garment with dust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our wonted ornaments now <i>soiled</i> and
stained.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stain or mar, as with infamy or
disgrace; to tarnish; to sully.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To foul; dirt; dirty; begrime; bemire; bespatter;
besmear; daub; bedaub; stain; tarnish; sully; defile; pollute.</p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become soiled; as,
light colors <i>soil</i> sooner than dark ones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Soil</u> to make dirty,
<u>Soil</u> a miry place.] <def>That which soils or pollutes; a soiled
place; spot; stain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lady's honor . . . will not bear a
<i>soil</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soil"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stain;
foulness.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soil"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of soil or
mold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soil"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>soillure</i>,
F. <i>souillure</i>. See <u>Soil</u> to make dirty.] <def>Stain;
pollution.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then fearing rust or <i>soilure</i>, fashioned for
it<BR>
A case of silk.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soil"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dirty; soiled.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Soi`ree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>soir</i>
evening, fr. L. <i>serus</i> late, <i>serum</i> late time.  Cf.
<u>Serenade</u>.] <def>An evening party; -- distinguished from
<i>levee</i>, and <i>matin&eacute;e</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ja</hw> (s&omacr;"j&adot; or s&omacr;"y&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An Asiatic leguminous herb
(<i>Glycine Soja</i>) the seeds of which are used in preparing the
sauce called <i>soy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"journ</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sojourned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sojourning</u>.] [OE. <i>sojornen</i>, <i>sojournen</i>, OF.
<i>sojorner</i>, <i>sejorner</i>, F. <i>s&eacute;journer</i>, fr. L.
<i>sub</i> under, about + <i>diurnus</i> belonging to the day. See
<u>Journal</u>, <u>Diurnal</u>.] <def>To dwell for a time; to dwell or
live in a place as a temporary resident or as a stranger, not
considering the place as a permanent habitation; to delay; to
tarry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abram went down into Egypt to <i>sojourn</i>
there.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xii. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Home he goeth, he might not longer
<i>sojourn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The soldiers first assembled at Newcastle, and there
<i>sojourned</i> three days.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"journ</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>sujurn</i>,
<i>sujur</i>, <i>sejor</i>, F. <i>s&eacute;jour</i>. See
<u>Sojourn</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A temporary residence,
as that of a traveler in a foreign land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though long detained<BR>
In that obscure <i>sojourn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"journ*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sojourns.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are strangers before thee, and
<i>sojourners</i>.</blockquote> <i>1. Chron. xxix. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"journ*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or state
of one who sojourns.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"journ*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Temporary
residence, as that of a stranger or a traveler.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Soke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <def>See <u>Soc</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1367 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the small territorial divisions into
which Lincolnshire, England, is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soke"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Socman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soke"man*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Socmanry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sok"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Socome</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A toll. See <u>Soc</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Great <i>sooken</i> had this miller, out of
doubt.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A district held by socage.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ko</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An African anthropoid ape, supposed to be a variety of the
chimpanzee.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Alchem.)</i> <def>Gold; -- so called from
its brilliancy, color, and value.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A syllable applied in solmization to the note
G, or to the fifth tone of any diatonic scale.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The tone itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sou</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sou.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A silver and gold coin of Peru. The silver
<i>sol</i> is the unit of value, and is worth about 68
cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., fem. of
<i>solus</i>.] <def>See <u>Solus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"la</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A leguminous plant (<i>&AElig;schynomene aspera</i>) growing in
moist places in Southern India and the East Indies. Its pithlike stem
is used for making hats, swimming-jackets, etc.</def> [Written also
<i>solah</i>, <i>shola</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sol"ace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>solas</i>,
<i>ssoulaz</i>, L. <i>solacium</i>, <i>solatium</i>, fr. <i>solari</i>
to comfort, console.  Cf. <u>Console</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Comfort in grief; alleviation of grief or
anxiety; also, that which relieves in distress; that which cheers or
consoles; relief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In business of mirth and of <i>solace</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The proper <i>solaces</i> of age are not music and
compliments, but wisdom and devotion.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rest; relaxation; ease.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To make his steed some <i>solace</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Comfort; consolation; alleviation; relief.</p>

<p><hw>Sol"ace</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Solaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Solacing</u> (?).] [OF. <i>solacier</i>, <i>soulacier</i>, F.
<i>solacier</i>, LL. <i>solatiare</i>. See <u>Solace</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cheer in grief or
under calamity; to comfort; to relieve in affliction, solitude, or
discomfort; to console; -- applied to persons; as, to <i>solace</i>
one with the hope of future reward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To allay; to assuage; to soothe; as, to
<i>solace</i> grief.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To comfort; assuage; allay. See <u>Comfort</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sol"ace</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take comfort; to
be cheered.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"ace*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
solacing, or the state of being solaced; also, that which
solaces.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>So*la"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>solacieux</i>.] <def>Affording solace; as, a <i>solacious</i>
voice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`a*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to plants of the natural order
<i>Solanace&aelig;</i>, of which the nightshade (<i>Solanum</i>) is
the type. The order includes also the tobacco, ground cherry, tomato,
eggplant, red pepper, and many more.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A solan goose.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sallenders</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"lan goose`</hw> (?). [Icel. <i>s&?;la</i>; akin to Norw.
<i>sula</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common gannet.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*la"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Solanine.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lan"i*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Solanine</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid produced by the
action of hydrochloric acid on solanidine, as a tasteless yellow
crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lan"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Solanine</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid produced by the
decomposition of solanine, as a white crystalline substance having a
harsh bitter taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"a*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>solanum</i>
nightshade.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A poisonous alkaloid glucoside
extracted from the berries of common nightshade (<i>Solanum
nigrum</i>), and of bittersweet, and from potato sprouts, as a white
crystalline substance having an acrid, burning taste; -- called also
<i>solonia</i>, and <i>solanina</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||So*la"no</hw> (?), [Sp., fr. L. <i>solanus</i> (sc.
<i>ventus</i>), from <i>sol</i> the sun.] <def>A hot, oppressive wind
which sometimes blows in the Mediterranean, particularly on the
eastern coast of Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"a*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Solanum</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Resembling a potato; -- said of a
kind of cancer.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*la"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., nightshade.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants comprehending the potato (<i>S.
tuberosum</i>), the eggplant (<i>S. melongena</i>, and several hundred
other species; nightshade.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>soler</i>, AS.
<i>solere</i>, L. <i>solarium</i>, from <i>sol</i> the sun. See
<u>Solar</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A loft or upper chamber; a
garret room.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>soler</i>, <i>solere</i>,
<i>sollar</i>.]  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"lar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>solaris</i>, fr.
<i>sol</i> the sun; akin to As. <i>s&omacr;l</i>, Icel.
<i>s&omacr;l</i>, Goth. <i>sauil</i>, Lith. <i>saule</i>, W.
<i>haul</i>,. <i>sul</i>, Skr. <i>svar</i>, perhaps to E.
<i>sun</i>:F. <i>solaire</i>.  Cf. <u>Parasol</u>. <u>Sun</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from
the sun; as, the <i>solar</i> system; <i>solar</i> light; <i>solar</i>
rays; <i>solar</i> influence. See <i>Solar system</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Born under the predominant
influence of the sun.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And proud beside, as <i>solar</i> people
are.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Measured by the progress or revolution of
the sun in the ecliptic; as, the <i>solar</i> year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Produced by the action of the sun, or
peculiarly affected by its influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They denominate some herbs <i>solar</i>, and some
lunar.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Solar cycle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cycle</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Solar day</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Day</u>, 2.</cd> --
<col><b>Solar engine</b></col>, <cd>an engine in which the energy of
solar heat is used to produce motion, as in evaporating water for a
steam engine, or expanding air for an air engine.</cd> --
<col><b>Solar flowers</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>flowers which open
and shut daily at certain hours.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar lamp</b></col>,
<cd>an argand lamp.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar microscope</b></col>, <cd>a
microscope consisting essentially, first, of a mirror for reflecting a
beam of sunlight through the tube, which sometimes is fixed in a
window shutter; secondly, of a condenser, or large lens, for
converging the beam upon the object; and, thirdly, of a small lens, or
magnifier, for throwing an enlarged image of the object at its focus
upon a screen in a dark room or in a darkened box.</cd></p>

<p> -- <col><b>Solar month</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Month</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Solar oil</b></col>, <cd>a paraffin oil used an illuminant
and lubricant.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar phosphori</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>certain substances, as the diamond, siulphide of
barium (Bolognese or Bologna phosphorus), calcium sulphide, etc.,
which become phosphorescent, and shine in the dark, after exposure to
sunlight or other intense light.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar
plexus</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a nervous plexus situated in the
dorsal and anterior part of the abdomen, consisting of several
sympathetic ganglia with connecting and radiating nerve fibers; -- so
called in allusion to the radiating nerve fibers.</cd> --
<col><b>Solar spots</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Sun spots</i>, under
<u>Sun</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar system</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>the sun, with the group of celestial bodies which, held by its
attraction, revolve round it. The system comprises the major planets,
with their satellites; the minor planets, or asteroids, and the
comets; also, the meteorids, the matter that furnishes the zodiacal
light, and the rings of Saturn. The satellites that revolve about the
major planets are twenty-two in number, of which the Earth has one
(see <u>Moon</u>.), Mars two, Jupiter five, Saturn nine, Uranus four,
and Neptune one. The asteroids, between Mars and Jupiter, thus far
discovered (1900), number about five hundred, the first four of which
were found near the beginning of the century, and are called Ceres,
Pallas, Juno, and Vesta.</cd></p>

<p>  The principal elements of the major planets, and of the comets
seen at more than one perihelion passage, are exhibited in the
following tables: --</p>

<p>
<table>
<title> I. -- Major Planets.</title>
Symbol.Name.Mean distance -- that of the Earth being unity.Period in
days.Eccentricity.Inclination of orbit.Diameter in miles
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;
</table></p>

<p><table>
<title> II. -- Periodic Comets.</title>
Name.Greatest distance from sun.Least distance from sun.Inclination of
orbit.Perihelion passage.
<row><item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>&deg;
&min; 54</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Encke's</item><item>3.31</item><item>4.10</item><item>0.342
</item><item>12 54</item><item>1885.2</item></row>
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;
</table>
</p>

<p>-- <col><b>Solar telegraph</b></col>, <cd>telegraph for signaling
by flashes of reflected sunlight.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar
time</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Apparent time</i>, under
<u>Time</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||So*la"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Solaria</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Solar</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An apartment freely
exposed to the sun; anciently, an apartment or inclosure on the roof
of a house; in modern times, an apartment in a hospital, used as a
resort for convalescents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of handsome marine spiral shells of the genus <i>Solarium</i>
and allied genera. The shell is conical, and usually has a large, deep
umbilicus exposing the upper whorls. Called also <i>perspective
shell</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So`lar*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Injury of a photographic picture caused by
exposing it for too long a time to the sun's light in the camera;
burning; excessive insolation.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"lar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Solarized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Solarizing</u> (?).] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>To injure by too long
exposure to the light of the sun in the camera; to burn.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"lar*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>To become injured by undue or too long exposure to the sun's rays
in the camera.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Solar.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Solace.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So*la"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Solace</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Anything which alleviates or
compensates for suffering or loss; a compensation; esp., an additional
allowance, as for injured feelings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sold</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sold</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>solde</i>. See
<u>Soldier</u>, and cf. <u>Sou</u>.] <def>Solary; military pay.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>soudan</i>, F.
<i>soudan</i>, from the Arabic. See <u>Sultan</u>.] <def>A
sultan.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"da*nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the genus <i>Soldanella</i>, low Alpine herbs of the Primrose
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dan*rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The country
ruled by a soldan, or sultan.</def> [Poet.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly <i>soder</i>;
F. <i>soudure</i>, OF. <i>soudeure</i>, fr. OF. &amp; F. <i>souder</i> to
solder, L. <i>solidare</i> to fasten, to make solid. See <u>Solid</u>,
and cf. <u>Sawder</u>.] <def>A metal or metallic alloy used when
melted for uniting adjacent metallic edges or surfaces; a metallic
cement.</def> Hence, <def>anything which unites or cements.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hard solder</b></col>, <cd>a solder which fuses only at a
red heat, as one composed of zinc and copper, or silver and copper,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft solder</b></col>, <cd>a solder fusible at
comparatively low temperatures; as, plumbers' solder, consisting of
two parts lead and one part tin, is a <i>soft solder</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sol"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soldered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soldering</u>.] [Formerly<i>soder</i>. See <u>Solder</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite (metallic
surfaces or edges) by the intervention of a more fusible metal or
metallic alloy applied when melted; to join by means of metallic
cement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mend; to patch up.</def> "To
<i>solder</i> up a broken cause."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
solders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"der*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Solder</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Soldering iron</b></col>, <col><b>Soldering tool</b></col>,
<cd>an instrument for soldering, consisting of a bit or bolt of copper
having a pointed or wedge-shaped end, and furnished with a
handle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>souldier</i>,
<i>soudiour</i>, <i>souder</i>, OF. <i>soldier</i>, <i>soldoier</i>,
<i>soldeier</i>, <i>sodoier</i>, <i>soudoier</i>, <i>soudier</i>, fr.
L. <i>solidus</i> a piece of money (hence applied to the pay of a
soldier), fr. <i>solidus</i> solid. See <u>Solid</u>, and cf.
<u>Sold</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is
engaged in military service as an officer or a private; one who serves
in an army; one of an organized body of combatants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a <i>soldier</i> and unapt to weep.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, a private in military service,
as distinguished from an officer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were meet that any one, before he came to be a
captain, should have been a <i>soldier</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A brave warrior; a man of military
experience and skill, or a man of distinguished valor; -- used by way
of emphasis or distinction.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The red or cuckoo
gurnard (<i>Trigla pini</i>.)</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the asexual
polymorphic forms of white ants, or termites, in which the head and
jaws are very large and strong. The soldiers serve to defend the nest.
See <u>Termite</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Soldier beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
American carabid beetle (<i>Chauliognathus Americanus</i>) whose larva
feeds upon other insects, such as the plum curculio.</cd> --
<col><b>Soldier bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any hemipterous
insect of the genus <i>Podisus</i> and allied genera, as the spined
<i>soldier bug</i> (<i>Podius spinosus</i>). These bugs suck the blood
of other insects.</cd> -- <col><b>Soldier crab</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The hermit crab.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The fiddler crab.</cd> -- <col><b>Soldier
fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bright-colored etheostomoid
fish (<i>Etheostoma c&oelig;ruleum</i>) found in the Mississippi
River; -- called also <i>blue darter</i>, and <i>rainbow
darter</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soldier fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of numerous species of small dipterous flies of the genus
<i>Stratyomys</i> and allied genera. They are often bright green, with
a metallic luster, and are ornamented on the sides of the back with
markings of yellow, like epaulets or shoulder straps.</cd> --
<col><b>Soldier moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
geometrid moth (<i>Euschema militaris</i>), having the wings bright
yellow with bluish black lines and spots.</cd> -- <col><b>Soldier
orchis</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of orchis (<i>Orchis
militaris</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To serve as a soldier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a pretense of doing something, or
of performing any task.</def> [Colloq.U.S.]</p>

<p>&fist; In this sense the vulgar pronounciation
(s&omacr;"j&etilde;r) is jocosely preserved.</p>

<p><blockquote>It needs an opera glass to discover whether the leaders
are pulling, or only <i>soldiering</i>.</blockquote> <i>C. D.
Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
soldier.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of serving as a soldier; the state of being a soldier;
the occupation of a soldier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of feigning to work. See the Note
under <u>Soldier</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 2.</def> [Colloq.
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*like"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
soldier; soldierly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like or becoming a
real soldier; brave; martial; heroic; honorable; soldierlike.</def>
"<i>Soldierly</i> discipline."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Military
qualities or state; martial skill; behavior becoming a soldier.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A showy leguminous plant (<i>Calliandra purpurea</i>) of the West
Indies. The flowers have long tassels of purple stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"dier*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A body of soldiers; soldiers, collectivelly; the
military.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A camp of faithful <i>soldiery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Military service.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sol"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Soldi</b></plw> (#). [It. See <u>Sou</u>.] <def>A small
Italian coin worth a sou or a cent; the twentieth part of a
lira.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sole</i>, L.
<i>solea</i>; -- so named from its flat shape. See <u>Sole</u> of the
foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several
species of flatfishes of the genus <i>Solea</i> and allied genera of
the family <i>Soleid&aelig;</i>, especially the common European
species (<i>Solea vulgaris</i>), which is a valuable food fish.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several American flounders
somewhat resembling the true sole in form or quality, as the
California sole (<i>Lepidopsetta bilineata</i>), the long-finned sole
(<i>Glyptocephalus zachirus</i>), and other species.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lemon</b></col>, or <col><b>French</b></col>,
<col><b>sole</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European species of
sole (<i>Solea pegusa</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Smooth sole</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the megrim.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1368 !></p>

<p><hw>Sole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sole</i>, fr. L.
<i>soolea</i> (or rather an assumed L. <i>sola</i>), akin to
<i>solum</i>round, soil, sole of the foot.  Cf. <u>Exile</u>,
<u>Saloon</u>, <u>Soil</u> earth, <u>Sole</u> the fish.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The bottom of the foot; hence, also, rarely,
the foot itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dove found no rest for the <i>sole</i> of her
foot.</blockquote> <i>Gen. viii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hast wandered through the world now long a day,<BR>
Yet ceasest not thy weary <i>soles</i> to lead.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The bottom of a shoe or boot, or the piece
of leather which constitutes the bottom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The "caliga" was a military shoe, with a very thick
<i>sole</i>, tied above the instep.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The bottom or lower part of anything, or
that on which anything rests in standing.</def> Specifially:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>The bottom of the body of a
plow; -- called also <i>slade</i>; also, the bottom of a furrow.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>The horny substance under a
horse's foot, which protects the more tender parts.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The bottom of an
embrasure.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of
timber attached to the lower part of the rudder, to make it even with
the false keel.</def> <i>Totten.</i> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>The seat or bottom of a mine; -- applied to
horizontal veins or lodes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sole leather</b></col>, <cd>thick, strong, used for making
the soles of boots and shoes, and for other purposes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sole</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soling</u>.] <def>To furnish with a sole; as, to <i>sole</i> a
shoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sole</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>solus</i>, or OF.
<i>sol</i>, F. <i>seul</i> (fr. L. <i>solus</i>; cf. L. <i>sollus</i>
whole, entire.  Cf. <u>Desolate</u>, <u>Solemn</u>, <u>Solo</u>,
<u>Sullen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being or acting without
another; single; individual; only.</def> "The <i>sole</i> son of my
queen."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He, be sure . . . first and last will reign<BR>
<i>Sole</i> king.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Single; unmarried; as, a feme
<i>sole</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corporation sole</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Corporation</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Single; individual; only; alone; solitary.</p>

<p><hw>Sol"e*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F.
<i>sol&eacute;cisme</i>, L. <i>soloecismus</i>, Gr.
<grk>soloikismo`s</grk>, fr. <grk>soloiki`zein</grk> to speak or write
incorrectly, fr. <grk>so`loikos</grk> speaking incorrectly, from the
corruption of the Attic dialect among the Athenian colonists of
<grk>So`loi</grk> in Cilicia.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An impropriety
or incongruity of language in the combination of words or parts of a
sentence; esp., deviation from the idiom of a language or from the
rules of syntax.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A barbarism may be in one word; a <i>solecism</i> must
be of more.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any inconsistency, unfitness, absurdity, or
impropriety, as in deeds or manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>C&aelig;sar, by dismissing his guards and retaining his
power, committed a dangerous <i>solecism</i> in politics.</blockquote>
<i>C. Middleton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The idea of having committed the slightest
<i>solecism</i> in politeness was agony to him.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Barbarism; impropriety; absurdity.</p>

<p><hw>Sol"e*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;.]
<def>One who commits a solecism.</def>  <i>Blackwall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`e*cis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Solecistical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`e*cis"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or involving, a solecism; incorrect.</def> "He thought it made the
language <i>solecistical</i> and absurd."  <i>Blackwall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`e*cis"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
solecistic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"e*cize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?;.] <def>To commit a solecism.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sole"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Singly; alone;
only; without another; as, to rest a cause <i>solely</i> one argument;
to rely <i>solely</i>n one's own strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"emn</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>solempne</i>,
OF. <i>solempne</i>, L. <i>solemnis</i>, <i>solennis</i>,
<i>sollemnis</i>, <i>sollennis</i>; <i>sollus</i> all, entire +
<i>annus</i> a year; properly, that takes place every year; -- used
especially of religious solemnities.  Cf. <u>Silly</u>,
<u>Annual</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Marked with religious rites
and pomps; enjoined by, or connected with, religion; sacred.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His holy rites and <i>solemn</i> feasts
profaned.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The worship of this image was advanced, and a
<i>solemn</i> supplication observed everry year.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to a festival; festive;
festal.</def> [Obs.] "On this <i>solemn</i> day."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Stately; ceremonious; grand.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>His feast so <i>solemn</i> and so rich.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To-night we hold a <i>splemn</i> supper.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to awaken or express serious
reflections; marked by seriousness; serious; grave; devout; as, a
<i>solemn</i> promise; <i>solemn</i> earnestness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor wanting power to mitigate and swage<BR>
With <i>solemn</i> touches troubled thoughts.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There reigned a <i>solemn</i> silence over
all.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Real; earnest; downright.</def> [Obs. &
R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Frederick, the emperor, . . . has spared no expense in
strengthening this city; since which time we find no <i>solemn</i>
taking it by the Turks.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Affectedly grave or serious; as, to put on
a <i>solemn</i> face.</def> "A <i>solemn</i> coxcomb."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Made in form; ceremonious; as,
<i>solemn</i> war; conforming with all legal requirements; as, probate
in <i>solemn</i> form.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i>  <i>Jarman.</i>
<i>Greenleaf.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Solemn League and Covenant</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Covenant</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Grave; formal; ritual; ceremonial; sober; serious;
reverential; devotional; devout. See <u>Grave</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sol"em*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def><u>Solemnness</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some think he wanted <i>solemnes</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lem"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Solemnities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>solemnitas</i>,
<i>solennitas</i>: cf. F. <i>solennit&eacute;</i>,
<i>solemnit&eacute;</i>, OF. also <i>sollempnit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rite or ceremony performed with religious
reverence; religious or ritual ceremony; as, the <i>solemnity</i> of a
funeral, a sacrament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great was the cause; our old <i>solemnities</i><BR>
From no blind zeal or fond tradition rise,<BR>
But saved from death, our Argives yearly pay<BR>
These grateful honors to the god of day.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>ceremony adapted to impress with
awe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The forms and <i>solemnities</i> of the last
judgment.</blockquote> <i>Atterburry.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ceremoniousness; impressiveness;
seriousness; grave earnestness; formal dignity; gravity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With much glory and great
<i>solemnity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The statelines and gravity of the Spaniards shows
itself in the <i>solemnity</i> of their language.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These promises were often made with great
<i>solemnity</i> and confirmed with an oath.</blockquote> <i>J.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, affected gravity or
seriousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Solemnity</i> 's a cover for a sot.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Solemn state or feeling; awe or reverence;
also, that which produces such a feeling; as, the <i>solemnity</i> of
an audience; the <i>solemnity</i> of Westminster Abbey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A solemn or formal observance;
proceeding according to due form; the formality which is necessary to
render a thing done valid.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lem"ni*zate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
solemnize; as, to <i>solemnizate</i> matrimony.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`em*ni*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>solemnisation</i>, <i>solennisation</i>.] <def>The act of
solemnizing; celebration; as, the <i>solemnization</i> of a
marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"em*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Solemnized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Solemnizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>solemniser</i>,
<i>sollemniser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perform with solemn or
ritual ceremonies, or according to legal forms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Baptism to be administered in one place, and marriage
<i>solemnized</i> in another.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dignify or honor by ceremonies; to
celebrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their choice nobility and flowers . . . <BR>
Met from all parts to <i>solemnize</i> this feast.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make grave, serious, and
reverential.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wordsworth was <i>solemnizzed</i> and elevated by this
his first look on Yarrow.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every Israelite . . . arose, <i>solemnized</i> his
face, looked towards Jerusalem . . . and prayed.</blockquote> <i>L.
Wallace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"em*nize</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Solemnization.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though spoused, yet wanting wedlock's
<i>solemnize</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"em*ni`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
solemnizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"emn*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a solemn
manner; with gravity; seriously; formally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There in deaf murmurs <i>solemnly</i> are
wise.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do <i>solemnly</i> assure the reader.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"emn*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being solemn; solemnity; impressiveness; gravity; as, the
<i>solemnness</i> of public worship.</def> [Written also
<i>solemness</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>So*lemp"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Solemn</u>.]
<def>Solemn; grand; stately; splendid; magnificent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So"len</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;
channel, a shellfish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cradle,
as for a broken limb. See <u>Cradle</u>, 6.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any marine bivalve
mollusk belonging to <i>Solen</i> or allied genera of the family
<i>Solenid&aelig;</i>; a razor shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`e*na"cean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>. <def>Any species of marine bivalve shells
belonging to the family <i>Solenid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`e*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the solens or family
<i>Solenid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sole"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being sole, or alone; singleness.</def> [R.]  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sole*nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small European sole (<i>Solea minuta</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||So*le`no*con"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Solen</u>, and <u>Conch</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Scaphopoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*le"no*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a
channel + &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, a tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Either one of two species of singular West Indian insectivores,
allied to the tenrec. One species (<i>Solendon paradoxus</i>), native
of St. Domingo, is called also <i>agouta</i>; the other (<i>S.
Cubanus</i>), found in Cuba, is called <i>almique</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*le`no*gas"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; channel + &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, stomach.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of lowly organized Mollusca
belonging to the Isopleura. A narrow groove takes the place of the
foot of other gastropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*le"no*glyph</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the Selenoglypha. See
<u>Ophidia</u>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Selenoglypha.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So`le*nog"ly*pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a channel + &?;&?;&?;&?; to engrave.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of serpents including those which
have tubular erectile fangs, as the viper and rattlesnake. See
<u>Fang</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"len*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Gr. &?;&?;&?; channel
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An electrodynamic spiral having
the conjuctive wire turned back along its axis, so as to neutralize
that component of the effect of the current which is due to the length
of the spiral, and reduce the whole effect to that of a series of
equal and parallel circular currents. When traversed by a current the
solenoid exhibits polarity and attraction or repulsion, like a
magnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So`le*nos"to*mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;&?; a channel + &?;&?;&?;&?; a mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of lophobranch fishes having a
tubular snout. The female carries the eggs in a ventral
pouch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sole"plate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bedplate; as, the <i>soleplate</i> of a
steam engine.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The plate forming the
back of a waterwheel bucket.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>So"ler</hw> (?), <hw>So"lere</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. See <u>Solar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A loft or garret.
See <u>Solar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"lert</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>solers</i>,
<i>sollers</i>, <i>-ertis</i>,clever, skillful.] <def>Skillful;
clever; crafty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*ler"tious*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being solert.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sole"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being sole, or alone; soleness.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir E. Dering.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`-fa"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sol-faed</u> (?);<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sol-faing</u>.] [It. <i>solfa</i> the gamut, from the syllables
<i>fa</i>, <i>sol</i>.] <def>To sing the notes of the gamut, ascending
or descending; as, <i>do</i> or <i>ut</i>, <i>re</i>, <i>mi</i>,
<i>fa</i>, <i>sol</i>, <i>la</i>, <i>si</i>, <i>do</i>, or the same in
reverse order.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet can I neither <i>solfe</i> ne sing.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"-fa"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The gamut, or musical
scale. See <i>Tonic sol-fa</i>, under <u>Tonic</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`fa*na"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., from
<i>solfo</i> sulphur.] <def>A sulphur mine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sol`fa*ta"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[It., from
<i>solfo</i> brimstone, sulphur, L. <i>sulfur</i>, E. <i>sulphur</i>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A volcanic area or vent which yields only sulphur
vapors, steam, and the like. It represents the stages of the volcanic
activity.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sol`feg*gia"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>[It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To sol-fa. See <u>Sol-fa</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>||Sol*feg"gio</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[It., fr.
<i>solfa</i> the gamut.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The system of arranging
the scale by the names <i>do</i>, <i>re</i>, <i>mi</i>, <i>fa</i>,
<i>sol</i>, <i>la</i>, <i>si</i>, by which singing is taught; a
singing exercise upon these syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`fe*ri"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brilliant
deep pink color with a purplish tinge, one of the dyes derived from
aniline; -- so called from Solferino in Italy, where a battle was
fought about the time of its discovery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Solo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Solicited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soliciting</u>.] [F. <i>sollicier</i>, L. <i>sollicitare</i>,
<i>solicitare</i>, <i>-atum</i>, fr. <i>sollicitus</i> wholly (<i>i.
e.</i>, violently) moved; <i>sollus</i> whole + <i>citus</i>, p. p. of
<i>ciere</i> to move, excite. See <u>Solemn</u>, <u>Cite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ask from with earnestness; to make petition
to; to apply to for obtaining something; as, to <i>solicit</i> person
for alms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did I <i>solicit</i> thee<BR>
From darkness to promote me?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endeavor to obtain; to seek; to plead
for; as, to <i>solicit</i> an office; to <i>solicit</i> a
favor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I view my crime, but kindle at the view,<BR>
Repent old pleasures, and <i>solicit</i> new.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To awake or excite to action; to rouse
desire in; to summon; to appeal to; to invite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That fruit . . . <i>solicited</i> her longing
eye.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sounds and some tangible qualities <i>solicit</i> their
proper senses, and force an entrance to the mind.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To urge the claims of; to plead; to act as
solicitor for or with reference to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Should<BR>
My brother henceforth study to forget<BR>
The vow that he hath made thee, I would ever<BR>
<i>Solicit</i> thy deserts.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To disturb; to disquiet; -- a Latinism
rarely used.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath any ill <i>solicited</i> thine ears?</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But anxious fears <i>solicit</i> my weak
breast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> To beseech; ask; request; crave; supplicate; entreat;
beg; implore; importune. See <u>Beseech</u>.</p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L.
<i>sollicitans</i>, p. pr. ] <def>One who solicits.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Solicitous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Eden.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lic`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sollicitation</i>, or L. <i>sollicitatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of soliciting; earnest request; persistent asking;
importunity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excitement; invitation; as, the
<i>solicitation</i> of the senses.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>solliciteur</i>, L. <i>sollicitator</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who solicits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
attorney or advocate; one who represents another in court; --
formerly, in English practice, the professional designation of a
person admitted to practice in a court of chancery or equity. See the
Note under <u>Attorney</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The law
officer of a city, town, department, or government; as, the city
<i>solicitor</i>; the <i>solicitor</i> of the treasury.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it*or-gen"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
second law officer in the government of Great Britain; also, a similar
officer under the United States government, who is associated with the
attorney-general; also, the chief law officer of some of the
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>sollicitus</i>, <i>solicitus</i>. See <u>Solicit</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Disposed to solicit; eager to obtain something
desirable, or to avoid anything evil; concerned; anxious;
careful.</def> "<i>Solicitous</i> of my reputation." <i>Dryden.</i>
"He was <i>solicitous</i> for his advice." <i>Calerendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Enjoy the present, whatsoever it be, and be not
<i>solicitous</i> about the future.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The colonel had been intent upon other things, and not
enough <i>solicitous</i> to finish the fortifications.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>So*lic"it*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>So*lic"it*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"it*ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
solicits.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lic"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sollicitude</i>,r L. <i>sollicitudo</i>.] <def>The state of being
solicitous; uneasiness of mind occasioned by fear of evil or desire
good; anxiety.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The many cares and great labors of worldly men, their
<i>solicitude</i> and outward shows.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mother looked at her with fond
<i>solicitude</i>.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Carefulness; concern; anxiety. See <u>Care</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1369 !></p>

<p><hw>Sol"id</hw> (s&obreve;l"&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>solidus</i>, probably akin to <i>sollus</i> whole, entire, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;: cf. F. <i>solide</i>.  Cf. <u>Consolidate</u>,<u>Soda</u>,
<u>Solder</u>, <u>Soldier</u>, <u>Solemn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the constituent parts so compact, or so firmly adhering,
as to resist the impression or penetration of other bodies; having a
fixed form; hard; firm; compact; -- opposed to <i>fluid</i> and
<i>liquid</i> or to <i>plastic</i>, like clay, or to <i>incompact</i>,
like sand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not hollow; full of matter; as, a
<i>solid</i> globe or cone, as distinguished from a <i>hollow</i> one;
not spongy; dense; hence, sometimes, heavy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>Having all the geometrical
dimensions; cubic; as, a <i>solid</i> foot contains 1,728 <i>solid</i>
inches.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, <i>cubic</i>s now generally used.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Firm; compact; strong; stable; unyielding;
as, a <i>solid</i> pier; a <i>solid</i> pile; a <i>solid</i>
wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Applied to a compound word whose parts are
closely united and form an unbroken word; -- opposed to
<i>hyphened</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Worthy of credit, trust, or esteem;
substantial, as opposed to <i>frivolous</i> or <i>fallacious</i>;
weighty; firm; strong; valid; just; genuine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>solid</i> purpose of a sincere and virtuous
answer.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These, wanting wit, affect gravity, and go by the name
of <i>solid</i> men.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The genius of the Italians wrought by <i>solid</i> toil
what the myth-making imagination of the Germans had projected in a
poem.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Sound; not weakly; as, a <i>solid</i>
constitution of body.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of a fleshy, uniform,
undivided substance, as a bulb or root; not spongy or hollow within,
as a stem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Impenetrable; resisting or
excluding any other material particle or atom from any given portion
of space; -- applied to the supposed ultimate particles of
matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Not having the lines
separated by leads; not open.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>United; without division; unanimous; as,
the delegation is <i>solid</i> for a candidate.</def> [Polit. Cant.
U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Solid angle</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Angle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Solid color</b></col>, <cd>an even
color; one not shaded or variegated.</cd> -- <col><b>Solid
green</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Emerald green</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>,
under <u>Green</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Solid measure</b></col>
<i>(Arith.)</i>, <cd>a measure for volumes, in which the units are
each a cube of fixed linear magnitude, as a cubic foot, yard, or the
like; thus, a foot, in <i>solid measure</i>, or a <i>solid foot</i>,
contains 1,728 solid inches.</cd> -- <col><b>Solid newel</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a newel into which the ends of winding stairs are
built, in distinction from a <i>hollow newel</i>. See under
<u>Hollow</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Solid
problem</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a problem which can be construed
geometrically, only by the intersection of a circle and a conic
section or of two conic sections.</cd> <i>Hutton.</i> -- <col><b>Solid
square</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a square body or troops in which
the ranks and files are equal.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hard; firm; compact; strong; substantial; stable;
sound; real; valid; true; just; weighty; profound; grave; important.
-- <u>Solid</u>, <u>Hard</u>. These words both relate to the internal
constitution of bodies; but <i>hard</i>notes a more impenetrable
nature or a firmer adherence of the component parts than <i>solid</i>.
<i>Hard</i> is opposed to <i>soft</i>, and <i>solid</i> to
<i>fluid</i>, <i>liquid</i>, <i>open</i>, or <i>hollow</i>. Wood is
usually <i>solid</i>; but some kinds of wood are <i>hard</i>, and
others are <i>soft</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Repose you there; while I [return] to this <i>hard</i>
house,<BR>
More <i>harder</i> than the stones whereof 't is raised.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I hear his thundering voice resound,<BR>
And trampling feet than shake the <i>solid</i> ground.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"id</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
substance that is held in a fixed form by cohesion among its
particles; a substance not fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A magnitude which has
length, breadth, and thickness; a part of space bounded on all
sides.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Solid of revolution</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Revolution</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sol`i*da"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>solidare</i> to strengthen, unite; -- so called in allusion to its
reputed healing qualities.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of yellow-
flowered composite perennial herbs; golden-rod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*dare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>solidus</i>.
Cf. <u>Sou</u>.] <def>A small piece of money.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*dar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>solidarit&eacute;</i>, fr. <i>solide</i>. See <u>Solid</u>.]
<def>An entire union or consolidation of interests and
responsibilities; fellowship; community.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Solidarity</i> [a word which we owe to the French
Communists], signifies a fellowship in gain and loss, in honor and
dishonor, in victory and defeat, a being, so to speak, all in the same
boat.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>solidarity</i> . . . of Breton and Welsh
poetry.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*da*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
community of interests and responsibilities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Men are <i>solidary</i>, or copartners; and not
isolated.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>solidatus</i>, p. p. of <i>solidare</i>. See <u>Solder</u>.]
<def>To make solid or firm.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lid"i*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable
of being solidified.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lid`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>solidification</i>.] <def>Act of solidifying, or state of being
solidified.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lid"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Solidified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Solidifying</u> (?).] [<i>Solid</i> + <i>-fy</i>: cf.
F. <i>solidifier</i>.] <def>To make solid or compact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every machine is a <i>solidified</i> mechanical
theorem.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lid"i*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become solid;
to harden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"id*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The doctrine that refers all diseases to morbid changes of the
solid parts of the body. It rests on the view that the solids alone
are endowed with vital properties, and can receive the impression of
agents tending to produce disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"id*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
advocate of, or believer in, solidism.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>soliditas</i>: cf. F. <i>solidit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state or quality of being solid; density; consistency, --
opposed to <i>fluidity</i>; compactness; fullness of matter, --
opposed to <i>openness</i> or <i>hollowness</i>; strength; soundness,
-- opposed to <i>weakness</i> or <i>instability</i>; the primary
quality or affection of matter by which its particles exclude or
resist all others; hardness; massiveness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which hinders the approach of two bodies when they
are moving one toward another, I call <i>solidity</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moral firmness; soundness; strength;
validity; truth; certainty; -- as opposed to <i>weakness</i> or
<i>fallaciousness</i>; as, the <i>solidity</i> of arguments or
reasoning; the <i>solidity</i> of principles, triuths, or
opinions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The solid contents of a
body; volume; amount of inclosed space.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Firmness; solidness; hardness; density; compactness;
strength; soundness; validity; certainty.</p>

<p><hw>Sol"id*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a solid
manner; densely; compactly; firmly; truly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>State or quality of being solid; firmness; compactness; solidity,
as of material bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soundness; strength; truth; validity, as of
arguments, reasons, principles, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sol`id*un"gu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
L. <i>solidus</i> solid + <i>ungula</i> a hoof.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A tribe of ungulates which includes the horse, ass, and related
species, constituting the family <i>Equid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`id*un"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Solipedous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`id*un"gu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Solid</i>
+ <i>ungulate</i>.] <i>(Zool.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Soliped</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`id*un"gu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Solipedous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*fid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>solus</i>
alone + <i>fides</i> faith.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One who maintains
that faith alone, without works, is sufficient for justification; --
opposed to <i>nullifidian</i>.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*fid"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Holding the
tenets of Solifidians; of or pertaining to the solifidians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*fid"i*an*ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
Solifidians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sol</i> sun +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Like the sun in form, appearance, or nature;
resembling the sun.</def> [R.] "<i>Soliform</i> things."
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So*lif"u*g&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from L. <i>solifuga</i> (better <i>solipuga</i>), a kind of venomous
ant, or spider.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of arachnids
having large, powerful fangs and a segmented abdomen; -- called also
<i>Solpugidea</i>, and <i>Solpugides</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lil"o*quize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Soliloquized</u> (#); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Soliloquizing</u> (#).] <def>To utter a soliloquy; to
talk to one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lil"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Soliloquies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>soliloquium</i>;
<i>solus</i> alone + <i>loqui</i> to speak. See <u>Sole</u> ly, and
<u>Loquacious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of talking to
one's self; a discourse made by one in solitude to one's self;
monologue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lovers are always allowed the comfort of
<i>soliloquy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A written composition, reciting what it is
supposed a person says to himself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole poem is a <i>soliloquy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>solip&egrave;de</i>, It. <i>solipede</i>, Sp. <i>solipedo</i>;
apparently fr. L. <i>solus</i> alone + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a
foot; but probably fr. L. <i>solidipes</i> solid-footed, whole-hoofed.
See <u>Solid</u>, and <u>Pedal</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mammal
having a single hoof on each foot, as the horses and asses; a
solidungulate.</def> [Written also <i>solipede</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>solipeds</i>, or firm-hoofed animals, as horses,
asses, and mules, etc., -- they are, also, in mighty
number.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lip"e*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having single
hoofs.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lip"sism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>solus</i>
alone + <i>ipse</i> self.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ethics)</i>
<def>Egotism.</def>  <i>Krauth-Fleming.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Egoism.</def>  <i>Krauth-
Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*se"qui*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sol</i>
sun + <i>sequi</i> to follow.] <def>Following the course of the sun;
as, <i>solisequious</i> plants.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*taire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Solitary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person who lives in
solitude; a recluse; a hermit.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A single diamond in a setting; also,
sometimes, a precious stone of any kind set alone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Diamond <i>solitaires</i> blazing on his breast and
wrists.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. R. H. Davis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A game which one person can play alone; --
applied to many games of cards, etc.; also, to a game played on a
board with pegs or balls, in which the object is, beginning with all
the places filled except one, to remove all but one of the pieces by
"jumping," as in draughts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
large extinct bird (<i>Pezophaps solitaria</i>) which formerly
inhabited the islands of Mauritius and Rodrigeuz. It was larger and
taller than the wild turkey. Its wings were too small for flight.
Called also <i>solitary</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
species of American thrushlike birds of the genus <i>Myadestes</i>.
They are noted their sweet songs and retiring habits. Called also
<i>fly-catching thrush</i>. A West Indian species (<i>Myadestes
sibilans</i>) is called the <i>invisible bird</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Solitary</u>.] <def>A hermit; a solitary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir R.
Twisden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`i*ta*ri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being solitary; solitariness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*ta*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
solitary manner; in solitude; alone.</def>  <i>Mic. vii. 14.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*ta*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Condition of
being solitary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>solitarius</i>, fr. <i>solus</i> alone: cf. F. <i>solitaire</i>.
See <u>Sole</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Solitaire</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Living or being by one's self; having no
companion present; being without associates; single; alone;
lonely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those rare and <i>solitary</i>, these in
flocks.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hie home unto my chamber,<BR>
Where thou shalt find me, sad and <i>solitary</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Performed, passed, or endured alone; as, a
<i>solitary</i> journey; a <i>solitary</i> life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Satan . . . explores his <i>solitary</i>
flight.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not much visited or frequented; remote from
society; retired; lonely; as, a <i>solitary</i> residence or
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not inhabited or occupied; without signs of
inhabitants or occupation; desolate; deserted; silent; still; hence,
gloomy; dismal; as, the <i>solitary</i> desert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How doth the city sit <i>solitary</i>, that was full of
people.</blockquote> <i>Lam. i. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let that night be <i>solitary</i>; let no joyful voice
come therein.</blockquote> <i>Job iii. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Single; individual; sole; as, a
<i>solitary</i> instance of vengeance; a <i>solitary</i>
example.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Not associated with others of
the same kind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Solitary ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
solitary hymenopterous insect of the family <i>Mutillid&aelig;</i>.
The female of these insects is destitute of wings and has a powerful
sting. The male is winged and resembles a wasp. Called also <i>spider
ant</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Solitary bee</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any species of bee which does not form communities.</cd> --
<col><b>Solitary sandpiper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
American tattler (<i>Totanus solitarius</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Solitary
snipe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the great snipe.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.] -- <col><b>Solitary thrush</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>the
starling.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lives
alone, or in solitude; an anchoret; a hermit; a recluse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>solitudo</i>, <i>solus</i> alone. See <u>Sole</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>state of being alone, or
withdrawn from society; a lonely life; loneliness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever is delighted with <i>solitude</i> is either a
wild beast or a god.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>Solitude</i>! where are the charms<BR>
That sages have seen in thy face?</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Remoteness from society; destitution of
company; seclusion; -- said of places; as, the <i>solitude</i> of a
wood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>solitude</i> of his little parish is become
matter of great comfort to him.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>solitary or lonely place; a desert or
wilderness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In these deep <i>solitudes</i> and awful cells<BR>
Where heavenly pensive contemplation dwells.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> Loneliness; soitariness; loneness; retiredness;
recluseness. -- <u>Solitude</u>, <u>Retirement</u>, <u>Seclusion</u>,
<u>Loneliness</u>. <i>Retirement</i> is a withdrawal from general
society, implying that a person has been engaged in its scenes.
<i>Solitude</i> describes the fact that a person is alone;
<i>seclusion</i>, that he is shut out from others, usually by his own
choice; <i>loneliness</i>, that he feels the pain and oppression of
being alone. Hence, <i>retirement</i> is opposed to a gay, active, or
public life; <i>solitude</i>, to society; <i>seclusion</i>, to freedom
of access on the part of others; and <i>loneliness</i>, enjoyment of
that society which the heart demands.</p>

<p><blockquote>O blest <i>retirement</i>, friend to life's
decline.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such only can enjoy the country who are capable of
thinking when they are there; then they are prepared for
<i>solitude</i>; and in that [the country] <i>solitude</i> is prepared
for them.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a place of <i>seclusion</i> from the external
world.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These evils . . . seem likely to reduce it [a city] ere
long to the <i>loneliness</i> and the insignificance of a
village.</blockquote> <i>Eustace.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*liv"a*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>solus</i>
alone + <i>vagans</i> wandering.] <def>Wandering alone.</def> [R.]
<i>T. Grander.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*liv"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>solivagus</i>.] <def>Solivagant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Solar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A platform in a shaft,
especially one of those between the series of ladders in a
shaft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"lar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover, or provide
with, a sollar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"lein</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sullen; sad.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol*ler*et"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>soleret</i>im. fr. OF. <i>soler</i> shoe.] <def>A flexible steel
shoe (or one of the plates forming such a shoe), worn with
medi&aelig;val armor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`mi*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>solmisation</i>, fr. <i>solmiser</i> to sol-fa; -- called from the
musical notes <i>sol</i>, <i>mi</i>. See <u>Sol-fa</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The act of sol-faing.</def> [Written also
<i>solmisation</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; This art was practiced by the Greeks; but six of the seven
syllables now in use are generally attributed to Guido d' Arezzo, an
Italian monk of the eleventh century, who is said to have taken them
from the first syllables of the first six lines of the following
stanza of a monkish hymn to St. John the Baptist. --</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ut</i> queant laxis<BR>
<i>Re</i>sonare fibris<BR>
<i>Mi</i>ra gestorum<BR>
<i>Fa</i>muli tuorum<BR>
<i>Sol</i>ve polluti<BR>
<i>La</i>bii reatum,<BR>
Sancte Joannes.</blockquote></p>

<p>Professor Skeat says the name of the seventh note, <i>si</i>, was
also formed by him [Guido] from the initials of the two words of the
last line; but this is disputed, Littr&eacute; attributing the first
use of it to Anselm of Flanders long afterwards. The syllable
<i>do</i> is often substituted for <i>ut</i>.
</p>

<p><hw>So"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Solos</b></plw> (#), It. <plw><b>Soli</b></plw> (#). [It.,
from L. <i>solus</i> alone. See <u>Sole</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A tune, air, strain, or a whole piece, played by a
single person on an instrument, or sung by a single voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"lo*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One who
sings or plays a solo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"o*mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the kings
of Israel, noted for his superior wisdom and magnificent reign; hence,
a very wise man.</def> -- <wf>Sol`o*mon"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Solomon's seal</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a perennial
liliaceous plant of the genus <i>Polygonatum</i>, having simple erect
or curving stems rising from thick and knotted rootstocks, and with
white or greenish nodding flowers. The commonest European species is
<i>Polygonatum multiflorum</i>.  <i>P. biflorum</i> and <i>P.
giganteum</i> are common in the Eastern United States. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Rootstock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>False Solomon's
seal</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the liliaceous genus
<i>Smilacina</i> having small whitish flowers in terminal racemes or
panicles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A celebrated
Athenian lawmaker, born about 638 <u>b. c.</u>; hence, a legislator; a
publicist; -- often used ironically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol*pu"gid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Solifug&aelig;.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Solifug&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sol`pu*gid"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Solifug&aelig;</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Solifug&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"stice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>solstitium</i>;
<i>sol</i> the sun + <i>sistere</i> to cause to stand, akin to
<i>stare</i> to stand: cf. F. <i>solstice</i>. See <u>Solar</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Stand</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stopping or standing still of the sun.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
point in the ecliptic at which the sun is farthest from the equator,
north or south, namely, the first point of the sign Cancer and the
first point of the sign Capricorn, the former being the <i>summer
solstice</i>, latter the <i>winter solstice</i>, in northern
latitudes; -- so called because the sun then apparently stands still
in its northward or southward motion.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The time of the sun's passing the solstices, or solstitial
points, namely, about June 21 and December 21. See <i>Illust.</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1370 pr=RH !></p>

<p><hw>Sol*sti"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>solstitialis</i>: cf. F. <i>solsticial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a solstice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Happening at a solstice; esp. (with
reference to the northern hemisphere), happening at the summer
solstice, or midsummer.</def> "<i>Solstitial</i> summer's heat."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol`u*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>solubilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality,
condition, or degree of being soluble or solvable; as, the
<i>solubility</i> of a salt; the <i>solubility</i> of a problem or
intricate difficulty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The tendency to separate
readily into parts by spurious articulations, as the pods of tick
trefoil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"u*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>solubilis</i>,
fr. <i>solvere</i>, <i>solutum</i>, to loosen, to dissolve: cf. F.
<i>soluble</i>. See <u>Solve</u>, and cf. <u>Solvable</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Susceptible of being dissolved in a fluid;
capable of solution; as, some substances are <i>soluble</i> in alcohol
which are not <i>soluble</i> in water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sugar is . . . <i>soluble</i> in water and fusible in
fire.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Susceptible of being solved; as, a
<i>soluble</i> algebraic problem; susceptible of being disentangled,
unraveled, or explained; as, the mystery is perhaps
<i>soluble</i>.</def> "More <i>soluble</i> is this knot."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Relaxed; open or readily opened.</def> [R.]
"The bowels must be kept <i>soluble</i>."  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Soluble glass</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Glass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sol"u*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being soluble.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||So"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>masc. a.</i></pos>, <hw>So"la</hw>
(?), <pos><i>fem. a.</i></pos> } [L.] <def>Alone; -- chiefly used in
stage directions, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>solutus</i>, p.
p. of <i>solvere</i> to loosen. See <u>Solve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Loose; free; liberal; as, a <i>solute</i> interpretation.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relaxed; hence; merry; cheerful.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A brow <i>solute</i>, and ever-laughing
eye.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Soluble; as, a <i>solute</i> salt.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Not adhering; loose; --
opposed to <i>adnate</i>; as, a <i>solute</i> stipule.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*lute"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To dissolve; to resolve.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To absolve; as, to <i>solute</i> sin.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*lu"tion</hw> (s&osl;*l&umacr;"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>solucion</i>, OF. <i>solucion</i>, F.
<i>solution</i>, fr. L. <i>solutio</i>, fr. <i>solvere</i>,
<i>solutum</i>, to loosen, dissolve. See <u>Solve</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of separating the parts of any body,
or the condition of undergoing a separation of parts; disruption;
breach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all bodies there is an appetite of union and
evitation of <i>solution</i> of continuity.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of solving, or the state of being
solved; the disentanglement of any intricate problem or difficult
question; explanation; clearing up; -- used especially in mathematics,
either of the process of solving an equation or problem, or the result
of the process.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being dissolved or
disintegrated; resolution; disintegration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is unquestionably an enterprise of more promise to
assail the nations in their hour of faintness and <i>solution</i>,
than at a time when magnificent and seductive systems of worship were
at their height of energy and splendor.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.Phys.)</i> <def>The act or process by
which a body (whether solid, liquid, or gaseous) is absorbed into a
liquid, and, remaining or becoming fluid, is diffused throughout the
solvent; also, the product resulting from such absorption.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When a solvent will not take in any more of a substance the
solution is said to be <i>saturated</i>. Solution is of two kinds;
viz.: (<i>a</i>) <i>Mechanical solution</i>, in which no marked
chemical change takes place, and in which, in the case of solids, the
dissolved body can be regained by evaporation, as in the solution of
salt or sugar in water. (<i>b</i>) <i>Chemical solution</i>, in which
there is involved a decided chemical change, as when limestone or zinc
undergoes solution in hydrochloric acid. <i>Mechanical solution</i> is
regarded as a form of molecular or atomic attraction, and is probably
occasioned by the formation of certain very weak and unstable
compounds which are easily dissociated and pass into new and similar
compounds.</p>

<p>&fist; This word is not used in chemistry or mineralogy for
<i>fusion</i>, or the melting of bodies by the heat of fire.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Release; deliverance; discharge.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
termination of a disease; resolution.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
crisis.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A liquid medicine or
preparation (usually aqueous) in which the solid ingredients are
wholly soluble.</def>  <i>U. S. Disp.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fehling's solution</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
standardized solution of cupric hydrate in sodium potassium tartrate,
used as a means of determining the reducing power of certain sugars
and sirups by the amount of red cuprous oxide thrown down.</cd> --
<col><b>Heavy solution</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a liquid of high
density, as a solution of mercuric iodide in potassium iodide (called
the <i>Sonstadt</i> or <i>Thoulet solution</i>) having a maximum
specific gravity of 3.2, or of borotungstate of cadmium (<i>Klein
solution</i>, specific gravity 3.6), and the like. Such solutions are
much used in determining the specific gravities of minerals, and in
separating them when mechanically mixed as in a pulverized rock.</cd>
-- <col><b>Nessler's solution</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Nesslerize</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Solution of continuity</b></col>,
<cd>the separation of connection, or of connected substances or parts;
-- applied, in surgery, to a fracture, laceration, or the like.</cd>
"As in the natural body a wound, or <i>solution of continuity</i>, is
worse than a corrupt humor, so in the spiritual." <i>Bacon.</i> --
<col><b>Standardized solution</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a solution
which is used as a reagent, and is of a known and standard strength;
specifically, a normal solution, containing in each cubic centimeter
as many milligrams of the element in question as the number
representing its atomic weight; thus, a normal solution of silver
nitrate would contain 107.7 mgr. of silver in each cubic
centimeter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sol"u*tive</hw> (s&obreve;l"&usl;*t&ibreve;v),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>solutif</i>.] <def>Tending to
dissolve; loosening; laxative.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Solv`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>solvabilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
state of being solvable; as, the <i>solvability</i> of a difficulty;
the <i>solvability</i> of a problem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being solvent; ability to
pay all just debts; solvency; as, the <i>solvability</i> of a
merchant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Solv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>solvable</i>.
See <u>Solve</u>, and cf. <u>Soluble</u>, <u>Solvible</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Susceptible of being solved, resolved, or
explained; admitting of solution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being paid and discharged; as,
<i>solvable</i> obligations.</def>  <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Able to pay one's debts; solvent.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Solv"a*ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being solvable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Solve</hw> (s&obreve;lv), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Solved</u> (s&obreve;lvd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Solving</u>.] [L. <i>solvere</i>, <i>solutum</i>; from
a prefix <i>so-</i> expressing separation (cf. <u>Sober</u>) +
<i>luere</i> to loosen; cf. OF. <i>soldre</i>, <i>soudre</i>. See
<u>Loose</u>, and cf. <u>Absolve</u>.] <def>To explain; to resolve; to
unfold; to clear up (what is obscure or difficult to be understood);
to work out to a result or conclusion; as, to <i>solve</i> a doubt; to
<i>solve</i> difficulties; to <i>solve</i> a problem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>True piety would effectually <i>solve</i> such
scruples.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God shall <i>solve</i> the dark decrees of
fate.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To explain; resolve; unfold; clear up.</p>

<p><hw>Solve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A solution; an
explanation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sol"ven*cy</hw> (s&obreve;l"v<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Solvent</u>.] <def>The quality or state
of being solvent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"vend</hw> (s&obreve;l"v&ebreve;nd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>solvendus</i> to be loosened or dissolved, fr. <i>solvere</i>.
See <u>Solution</u>.] <def>A substance to be dissolved.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sol"vent</hw> (s&obreve;l"v<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>solvens</i>, p. pr. of <i>solvere</i>. See <u>Solvable</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the power of dissolving; dissolving;
as, a <i>solvent</i> fluid.</def> "The <i>solvent</i> body."
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Able or sufficient to pay all just debts;
as, a <i>solvent</i> merchant; the estate is <i>solvent</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"vent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
substance (usually liquid) suitable for, or employed in, solution, or
in dissolving something; as, water is the appropriate <i>solvent</i>
of most salts, alcohol of resins, ether of fats, and mercury or acids
of metals, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resolves; as, a <i>solvent</i>
of mystery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"ver</hw> (s&obreve;lv"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who, or that which, solves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Solv"i*ble</hw> (-&ibreve;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Solvable</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"y</hw> (s&omacr;l"&ybreve;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Solely.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So"ma</hw> (s&omacr;"m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>sw^ma</grk>, <grk>sw`matos</grk>, the body.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The whole axial portion of an animal, including the head, neck,
trunk, and tail.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>So"maj"</hw> (s&osl;*m&auml;j"), <hw>Sa*maj"</hw>
(s&adot;*m&auml;j") }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A society; a
congregation, a worshiping assembly, or church, esp. of the Brahmo-
somaj.</def> [India]</p>

<p>{ <hw>So*ma"li</hw> (s&osl;*m&auml;"l&esl;), <hw>So*mal"</hw>
(s&osl;*m&auml;l") }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A
Hamitic people of East Central Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*mat"ic</hw> (s&osl;*m&abreve;t"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>swmatiko`s</grk>, fr. <grk>sw^ma</grk>
the body.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the body as a
whole; corporeal; as, <i>somatic</i> death; <i>somatic</i>
changes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the wall of the body;
somatopleuric; parietal; as, the <i>somatic</i> stalk of the yolk sac
of an embryo.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Somatic death</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Death</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Somatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*mat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
which treats of the general properties of matter;
somatology.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who admits
the existence of material beings only; a materialist.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ma*to*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sw^ma</grk>, <grk>sw`matos</grk>, body + <grk>ky`stis</grk> a
bladder.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cavity in the primary nectocalyx
of certain Siphonophora. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Nectocalyx</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So`ma*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sw^ma</grk>, <grk>sw`matos</grk>, body + <i>-logy</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine or the science of the general
properties of material substances; somatics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on the human body;
anatomy.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ma*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sw^ma</grk>, body + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.] <i>(Anat. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Somite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ma*to*pleure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sw^ma</grk>, <grk>sw`matos</grk>, body + <grk>pleyra`</grk>
side.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The outer, or parietal, one of the two
lamell&aelig; into which the vertebrate blastoderm divides on either
side of the notochord, and from which the walls of the body and the
amnion are developed. See <u>Splanchnopleure</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So`ma*to*pleu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the somatopleure.</def></p>

<p><hw>So`ma*tot"ro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sw^ma</grk>, <grk>sw`matos</grk>, the body + <grk>tre`pein</grk>
to turn.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A directive influence exercised by a
mass of matter upon growing organs.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"ber</hw>, <hw>Som"bre</hw> } (?; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>sombre</i>; cf. Sp. <i>sombra</i>, shade,
prob. from LL. <i>subumbrare</i> to put in the shade; L. <i>sub</i>
under + <i>umbra</i> shade. See <u>Umbrage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Dull; dusky; somewhat dark; gloomy; as, a <i>somber</i> forest; a
<i>somber</i> house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Melancholy; sad; grave; depressing; as, a
<i>somber</i> person; <i>somber</i> reflections.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dinner was silent and <i>somber</i>; happily it was
also short.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"ber</hw>, <hw>Som"bre</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To make somber, or dark; to make shady.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"ber</hw>, <hw>Som"bre</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Gloom; obscurity; duskiness; somberness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"ber*ly</hw>, <hw>Som"bre*ly</hw>  },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a somber manner; sombrously; gloomily;
despondingly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"ber*ness</hw>, <hw>Som"bre*ness</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being somber;
gloominess.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Som*bre"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., from
<i>sombra</i> shade. See <u>Sombre</u>.] <def>A kind of broad-brimmed
hat, worn in Spain and in Spanish America.</def>  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>sombroso</i>.] <def>Gloomy; somber.</def> "Tall and <i>sombrous</i>
pines."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Som"brous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Som"brous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>-some</hw> (-s&omacr;m). <def>A combining form or suffix from
Gr. <grk>sw^ma</grk> (gen. <grk>sw`matos</grk>) the <i>body</i>; as in
mero<i>some</i>, a body segment; cephalo<i>some</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>-some</hw> (-s&ubreve;m). [AS. <i>-sum</i>; akin to G. &amp; OHG.
<i>-sam</i>, Icel. <i>samr</i>, Goth. lustu<i>sams</i> longed for. See
<u>Same</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Some</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>An adjective suffix having primarily the
sense of <i>like</i> or <i>same</i>, and indicating a considerable
degree of the thing or quality denoted in the first part of the
compound; as in mettle<i>some</i>, full of mettle or spirit;
glad<i>some</i>, full of gladness; win<i>some</i>, blithe<i>some</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Some</hw> (s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>som</i>,
<i>sum</i>, AS. <i>sum</i>; akin to OS., OFries., &amp; OHG. <i>sum</i>,
OD. <i>som</i>, D. <i>sommig</i>, Icel. <i>sumr</i>, Dan. <i>somme</i>
(pl.), Sw. <i>somlige</i> (pl.), Goth. <i>sums</i>, and E.
<i>same</i>. &radic;191. See <u>Same</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>-some</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of a greater or
less portion or sum; composed of a quantity or number which is not
stated; -- used to express an indefinite quantity or number; as,
<i>some</i> wine; <i>some</i> water; <i>some</i> persons.  Used also
pronominally; as, I have <i>some</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Some</i> theoretical writers allege that there was a
time when there was no such thing as society.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A certain; one; -- indicating a person,
thing, event, etc., as not known individually, or designated more
specifically; as, <i>some</i> man, that is, some one man.</def>
"<i>Some</i> brighter clime."  <i>Mrs. Barbauld.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Some</i> man praiseth his neighbor by a wicked
intent.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Most gentlemen of property, at <i>some</i> period or
other of their lives, are ambitious of representing their county in
Parliament.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not much; a little; moderate; as, the
censure was to <i>some</i> extent just.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>About; near; more or less; -- used commonly
with numerals, but formerly also with a singular substantive of time
or distance; as, a village of <i>some</i> eighty houses; <i>some</i>
two or three persons; <i>some</i> hour hence.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The number slain on the rebel's part were <i>some</i>
two thousand.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Considerable in number or quantity.</def>
"Bore us <i>some</i> leagues to sea."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On its outer point, <i>some</i> miles away.<BR>
The lighthouse lifts its massive masonry.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Certain; those of one part or portion; --
in distinction from <i>other</i> or <i>others</i>; as, <i>some</i> men
believe one thing, and <i>others</i> another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Some</i> [seeds] fell among thorns; . . . but
<i>other</i> fell into good ground.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiii. 7,
8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A part; a portion; -- used pronominally,
and followed sometimes by <i>of</i>; as, <i>some</i> of our
provisions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your edicts <i>some</i> reclaim from sins,<BR>
But most your life and blest example wins.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>All and some</b></col>, <cd>one and all. See under
<u>All</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; The illiterate in the United States and Scotland often use
<i>some</i> as an adverb, instead of <i>somewhat</i>, or an equivalent
expression; as, I am <i>some</i> tired; he is <i>some</i> better; it
rains <i>some</i>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Some . . . some</b></col>, <cd>one part . . . another part;
these . . . those; -- used distributively.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Some</i> to the shores do fly,<BR>
<i>Some</i> to the woods, or whither fear advised.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly used also of single persons or things: this one . .
. that one; one . . . another.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Some</i> in his bed, <i>some</i> in the deep
sea.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"bod*y</hw> (s&ubreve;m"b&obreve;d*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person unknown or
uncertain; a person indeterminate; some person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jesus said, <i>Somebody</i> hath touched
me.</blockquote> <i>Luke viii. 46.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We must draw in <i>somebody</i> that may stand<BR>
'Twixt us and danger.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person of consideration or
importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before these days rose up Theudas, boasting himself to
be <i>somebody</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts v. 36.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"deal`</hw> (-d&emacr;l`), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
some degree; somewhat.</def> [Written also <i>sumdel</i>,
<i>sumdeale</i>, and <i>sumdele</i>.] [Obs.] "She was <i>somedeal</i>
deaf."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou lackest <i>somedeal</i> their
delight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"how`</hw> (-hou`), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In one way
or another; in some way not yet known or designated; by some means;
as, the thing must be done <i>somehow</i>; he lives
<i>somehow</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By their action upon one another they may be swelled
<i>somehow</i>, so as to shorten the length.</blockquote>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The indefiniteness of <i>somehow</i> is emphasized by the
addition of <i>or other</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Although youngest of the familly, he has <i>somehow or
other</i> got the entire management of all the others.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"er*sault</hw> (?), <hw>Som"er*set</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>soubresaut</i> a jump, leap, OF.
<i>soubresault</i>, It. <i>soprassalto</i> an overleap, fr. L.
<i>supra</i> over + <i>saltus</i> a leap, fr. <i>salire</i> to leap;
or the French may be from Sp. <i>sobresalto</i> a sudden asault, a
surprise. See <u>Supra</u>, and <i>Salient</i>.] <def>A leap in which
a person turns his heels over his head and lights upon his feet; a
turning end over end.</def> [Written also <i>summersault</i>,
<i>sommerset</i>, <i>summerset</i>, etc.] "The vaulter's
<i>sombersalts</i>."  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now I'll only<BR>
Make him break his neck in doing a <i>sommerset</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"thing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything unknown, undetermined, or not specifically designated; a
certain indefinite thing; an indeterminate or unknown event; an
unspecified task, work, or thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is <i>something</i> in the wind.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole world has <i>something</i> to do,
<i>something</i> to talk of, <i>something</i> to wish for, and
<i>something</i> to be employed about.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Something</i> attemped, <i>something</i> done,<BR>
Has earned a night's repose.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part; a portion, more or less; an
indefinite quantity or degree; a little.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Something</i> yet of doubt remains.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Something</i> of it arises from our infant
state.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man thinketh himself to be <i>something</i>, when
he is nothing, he deceiveth himself.</blockquote> <i>Gal. vi.
3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"thing</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In some degree;
somewhat; to some extent; at some distance.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>something</i> fear my father's wrath.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have <i>something</i> fairer play than a reasoner
could have expected formerly.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My sense of touch is <i>something</i>
coarse.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It must be done to-night,<BR>
And <i>something</i> from the palace.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"time`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>At a past time indefinitely referred to; once;
formerly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did they not <i>sometime</i> cry "All hail" to
me?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At a time undefined; once in a while; now
and then; sometimes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sometime</i> we see a cloud that's dragonish,<BR>
A vapor <i>sometime</i> like a bear or lion.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>At one time or other hereafter; as, I will
do it <i>sometime</i>.</def> "<i>Sometime</i> he reckon shall."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1371 pr=RH !></p>

<p><hw>Some"time`</hw> (s&ubreve;m"t&imacr;m`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Having been formerly; former; late; whilom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>sometime</i> sister, now our queen.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ion, our <i>sometime</i> darling, whom we
prized.</blockquote> <i>Talfourd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"times`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Sometime</i> +
adverbial ending <i>-s</i>, as in <i>-wards</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Formerly; sometime.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That fair and warlike form<BR>
In which the majesty of buried Denmark<BR>
Did <i>sometimes</i> march.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At times; at intervals; not always; now and
then; occasionally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is good that we <i>sometimes</i> be
contradicted.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sometimes . . . sometimes</b></col>, <cd>at certain times .
. . at certain other times; as, <i>sometimes</i> he is earnest,
<i>sometimes</i> he is frivolous.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Some"times`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Former;
sometime.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>sometimes</i> brother's wife.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"what`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>More or less; a certain quantity or degree; a part, more or less;
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These salts have <i>somewhat</i> of a nitrous
taste.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Somewhat</i> of his good sense will suffer, in this
transfusion, and much of the beauty of his thoughts will be
lost.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing of importance; a
somebody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here come those that worship me.<BR>
They think that I am <i>somewhat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"what`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In some degree or
measure; a little.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His giantship is gone, <i>somewhat</i>
crestfallen.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Somewhat</i> back from the village
street.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"when`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At some indefinite
time.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Some"where`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In some place
unknown or not specified; in one place or another.</def>
"<i>Somewhere</i> nigh at hand."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"while`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once; for a
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though, under color of shepherds, <i>somewhile</i><BR>
There crept in wolves, full of fraud and guile.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Some"whith`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To some
indeterminate place; to some place or other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Driven by the winds of temptation
<i>somewhither</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"mite</hw> (s&omacr;"m&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sw^ma</grk> body.] <i>(Anat. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
actual or ideal serial segments of which an animal, esp. an articulate
or vertebrate, is composed; somatome; metamere.</def> --
<wf>So*mit`ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Som`meil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Slumber;
sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som"mer*set</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Somersault</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to somnambulism; somnambulistic.</def>  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To
walk when asleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam`bu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>somnus</i> sleep + <i>ambulatio</i> a walking about, from
<i>ambulare</i> to walk. See <u>Somnolent</u>, <u>Amble</u>.] <def>The
act of walking in sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bu*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
somnambulist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
somnambulist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bu*lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Somnambulistic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bu*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>somnambulisme</i>. See <u>Somnambulation</u>.] <def>A condition of
the nervous system in which an individual during sleep performs
actions appropriate to the waking state; a state of sleep in which
some of the senses and voluntary powers are partially awake;
noctambulism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam"bu*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
who is subject to somnambulism; one who walks in his sleep; a
sleepwalker; a noctambulist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nam`bu*lis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a somnambulist or somnambulism; affected by
somnambulism; appropriate to the state of a somnambulist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether this was an intentional and waking departure,
or a <i>somnambulistic</i> leave-taking and walking in her sleep, may
remain a subject of contention.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To summon.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A summoner; esp.,
one who summons to an ecclesiastical court.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>somnialis</i>
dream bringing, fr. <i>somnium</i> dream, fr. <i>somnus</i> sleep.]
<def>Of or pertaining to sleep or dreams.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>somnial</i> magic superinduced on, without
suspending, the active powers of the mind.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"ni*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somnial;
somniatory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Som"ni*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to sleep or dreams; somnial.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som*nic"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>somniculosus</i>.] <def>Inclined to sleep; drowsy; sleepy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Som*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>somnifer</i>; <i>somnus</i> sleep + <i>ferre</i> to bring.]
<def>Causing or inducing sleep; soporific; dormitive; as, a
<i>somniferous</i> potion.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som*nif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>somnificus</i>; <i>somnus</i> sleep + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Causing sleep; somniferous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nif"u*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>somnus</i>
sleep + <i>fugare</i> to put to flight.] <def>Driving away
sleep.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Som*nil"o*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
talking in one's sleep; somniloquism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nil"o*quism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
habit of talking in one's sleep; somniloquy.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som*nil"o*quist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who talks
in his sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nil"o*quous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>somnus</i> sleep + <i>loqui</i> to speak.] <def>Apt to talk in
sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nil"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A talking in
sleep; the talking of one in a state of somnipathy.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som*nip"a*thist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person in
a state of somniapathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som*nip"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>somnus</i>
sleep + Gr. &?; a suffering of the body, fr. &?;, &?;, to suffer.]
<def>Sleep from sympathy, or produced by mesmerism or the like.</def>
[Written also <i>somnopathy</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"no*lence</hw> (?), <hw>Som"no*len*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>somnolentia</i>: cf. F.
<i>somnolence</i>.] <def>Sleepiness; drowsiness; inclination to
sleep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som"no*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>somnolent</i>, L. <i>somnolentus</i>, from <i>somnus</i> sleep,
akin to Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>svapna</i> sleep, dream, <i>svap</i> to
sleep, Icel. <i>sofa</i>, AS. <i>swefn</i> sleep.  Cf.
<u>Hypnotic</u>, <u>Somnambulism</u>, <u>Soporific</u>.] <def>Sleepy;
drowsy; inclined to sleep.</def> -- <wf>Som"no*lent*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>He had no eye for such phenomena, because he had a
<i>somnolent</i> want of interest in them.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"no*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The somnolent
state induced by animal magnetism.</def>  <i>Thomas (Med.
Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Som*nop"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Somnipathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Som"nour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A summoner; an
apparitor; a sompnour.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Som"on*aunce</hw> (?), <hw>Som"once</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Summon</u>, <u>Summons</u>.] <def>A
summons; a citation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Som"on*our</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
summoner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Somp"ne</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To summon;
to cite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Somp"nour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A summoner.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sone</i>,
<i>sune</i>, AS. <i>sunu</i>; akin to D. <i>zoon</i>, OS., OFries., &
OHG. <i>sunu</i>, G. <i>sohn</i>, Icel. <i>sonr</i>, Sw. <i>son</i>,
Dan. <i>s&ouml;n</i>, Goth. <i>sunus</i>, Lith. <i>sunus</i>, Russ.
<i>suin'</i>, Skr. <i>s&umacr;nu</i> (from <i>s&umacr;</i> to beget,
to bear), and Gr. &?; son. &radic;293.  Cf. <u>Sow</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A male child; the male
issue, or offspring, of a parent, father or mother.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sarah conceived, and bare Abraham a
<i>son</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxi. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A male descendant, however distant; hence,
in the plural, descendants in general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am the <i>son</i> of the wise, the <i>son</i> of
ancient kings.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xix. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am the Lord, I change not; therefore ye <i>sons</i>
of Jacob are not consumed.</blockquote> <i>Mal. iii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any young male person spoken of as a child;
an adopted male child; a pupil, ward, or any other young male
dependent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The child grew, and she brought him unto Pharaoh's
daughter, and he became her <i>son</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. ii.
10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be plain, good <i>son</i>, and homely in thy
drift.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of some specified
place; as, <i>sons</i> of Albion; <i>sons</i> of New
England.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The produce of anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Earth's tall <i>sons</i>, the cedar, oak, and
pine.</blockquote> <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> (Commonly with the def. article) <def>Jesus
Christ, the Savior; -- called the <i>Son</i> of God, and the
<i>Son</i> of man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We . . . do testify that the Father sent the <i>Son</i>
to be the Savior of the world.</blockquote> <i>1 John iv. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who gave His <i>Son</i> sure all has
given.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The expressions <i>son of pride</i>, <i>sons of light</i>,
<i>son of Belial</i>, are Hebraisms, which denote persons possessing
the qualitites of pride, of light, or of Belial, as children inherit
the qualities of their ancestors.</p>

<p><col><b>Sons of the prophets</b></col>. <cd>See <i>School of the
prophets</i>, under <u>Prophet</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So"nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sound; a tune; as, to sound the tucket <i>sonance</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
sonant.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sonans</i>, <i>-
antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sonare</i> to sound. See <u>Sound</u> a
noise.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to sound;
sounding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Uttered, as an element
of speech, with tone or proper vocal sound, as distinguished from mere
breath sound; intonated; voiced; vocal; tonic; the opposite of
<i>nonvocal</i>, or <i>surd</i>; -- said of the vowels, semivowels,
liquids, and nasals, and particularly of the consonants <i>b</i>,
<i>d</i>, <i>g</i> hard, <i>v</i>, etc., as compared with their
cognates <i>p</i>, <i>t</i>, <i>k</i>, <i>f</i>, etc., which are
called <i>nonvocal</i>, <i>surd</i>, or <i>aspirate</i>.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sonant letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*na"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. It. &amp; L.
<i>sonare</i> to sound. See <u>Sound</u> a noise.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>An extended composition for one or two instruments, consisting
usually of three or four movements; as, Beethoven's <i>sonatas</i> for
the piano, for the violin and piano, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The same general structure prevails in symphonies,
instrumental trios, quartets, etc., and even in classical concertos.
The sonata form, distinctively, characterizes the quick opening
movement, which may have a short, slow introduction; the second, or
slow, movement is either in the song or variation form; third comes
the playful minuet or the more modern scherzo; then the quick finale
in the rondo form. But both form and order are sometimes
exceptional.</p>

<p><hw>||So`na*ti"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A short and simple sonata.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Son"cy</hw>, <hw>Son"sy</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Scot. <i>sonce</i>, <i>sons</i>, prosperity, happiness, fr. Gael. &
Ir. <i>sonas</i>.] <def>Lucky; fortunate; thriving; plump.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sond</hw> (?), <hw>Sonde</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sand</i>. See <u>Send</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>That which
is sent; a message or messenger; hence, also, a visitation of
providence; an affliction or trial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye have enough, parde, of Goddes
<i>sond</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Son"de*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The musk shrew. See under <u>Musk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Song</hw> (s&obreve;ng; 115), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>song</i>, <i>sang</i>, fr. <i>singan</i> to sing; akin to D.
<i>zang</i>, G. <i>sang</i>, Icel. <i>s&ouml;ngr</i>, Goth.
<i>saggws</i>. See <u>Sing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is
sung or uttered with musical modulations of the voice, whether of a
human being or of a bird, insect, etc.</def> "That most ethereal of
all sounds, the <i>song</i> of crickets."  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lyrical poem adapted to vocal music; a
ballad.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>More generally, any poetical strain; a
poem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bard that first adorned our native tongue<BR>
Tuned to his British lyre this ancient <i>song</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Poetical composition; poetry;
verse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This subject for heroic <i>song</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An object of derision; a
laughingstock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And now am I their <i>song</i>, yea, I am their
byword.</blockquote> <i>Job xxx. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A trifle.</def> "The soldier's pay is a
<i>song</i>."  <i>Silliman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Old song</b></col>, <cd>a trifle; nothing of value.</cd>
"I do not intend to be thus put off with an <i>old song</i>." <i>Dr.
H. More.</i> -- <col><b>Song bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any singing bird; one of the Oscines.</cd> -- <col><b>Song
sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very common North
American sparrow (<i>Melospiza fasciata</i>, or <i>M. melodia</i>)
noted for the sweetness of its song in early spring. Its breast is
covered with dusky brown streaks which form a blotch in the
center.</cd> -- <col><b>Song thrush</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a common European thrush (<i>Turdus musicus</i>), noted for its
melodius song; -- called also <i>mavis</i>, <i>throstle</i>, and
<i>thrasher</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sonnet; ballad; canticle; carol; canzonet; ditty;
hymn; descant; lay; strain; poesy; verse.</p>

<p><hw>Song"craft`</hw> (s&obreve;ng"kr&adot;ft`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of making songs or verses; metrical
composition; versification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A half-effaced inscription,<BR>
Written with little skill of <i>songcraft</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Song"ful</hw> (-f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed
to sing; full of song.</def></p>

<p><hw>Song"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
songs.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Song"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of the
power of song; without song; as, <i>songless</i> birds;
<i>songless</i> woods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Song"ster</hw> (-st&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sangestre</i> a female singer.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
sings; one skilled in singing; -- not often applied to human
beings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A singing
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Song"stress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Songster</u>, and <u>-ess</u>.] <def>A woman who sings; also, a
female singing bird.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"i*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Soniferous</u>.] <def>A kind of ear trumpet for the deaf, or the
partially deaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sonus</i>
sound + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Sounding; producing sound; conveying
sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Son`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sonus</i> sound + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-
fy</u>.] <def>The act of producing sound, as the stridulation of
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Son"-in-law`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sons-in-law</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The husband of one's
daughter; a man in his relationship to his wife's parents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To take me as for thy <i>son in lawe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without a
son.</def>  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As no baron who was <i>sonless</i> could give a husband
to his daughter, save with his lord's consent.</blockquote> <i>J. R.
Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>sonetto</i>, fr. <i>suono</i> a sound, a song, fr. L. <i>sonus</i>
a sound. See <u>Sound</u> noise.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short
poem, -- usually amatory.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had a wonderful desire to chant a <i>sonnet</i> or
hymn unto Apollo Pythius.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A poem of fourteen lines, -- two stanzas,
called the <i>octave</i>, being of four verses each, and two stanzas,
called the <i>sestet</i>, of three verses each, the rhymes being
adjusted by a particular rule.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the proper sonnet each line has five accents, and the
octave has but two rhymes, the second, third, sixth, and seventh lines
being of one rhyme, and the first, fourth, fifth, and eighth being of
another. In the sestet there are sometimes two and sometimes three
rhymes; but in some way its two stazas rhyme together. Often the three
lines of the first stanza rhyme severally with the three lines of the
second. In Shakespeare's sonnets, the first twelve lines are rhymed
alternately, and the last two rhyme together.</p>

<p><hw>Son"net</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To compose
sonnets.</def> "Strains that come almost to <i>sonneting</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son`net*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A composer of
sonnets, or small poems; a small poet; -- usually in
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What woful stuff this madrigal would be<BR>
In some starved hackney <i>sonneteer</i> or me!</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son`net*eer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To compose
sonnets.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"net*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A composer of
sonnets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Son"net*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sonneter, or
sonneteer.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"net*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To compose
sonnets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Son"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like the sun;
sunny; golden.</def> [Obs.] "Her <i>sonnish</i> hairs."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sunnite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sonus</i> a
sound + <i>-meter</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An
instrument for exhibiting the transverse vibrations of cords, and
ascertaining the relations between musical notes. It consists of a
cord stretched by weight along a box, and divided into different
lengths at pleasure by a bridge, the place of which is determined by a
scale on the face of the box.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for testing the hearing
capacity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Son`o*rif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sonor</i>,
<i>-oris</i>, a sound + <i>facere</i> to make. See <u>Sonorous</u>.]
<def>Producing sound; as, the <i>sonorific</i> quality of a
body.</def> [R.]  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*nor"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sonoritas</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being sonorous;
sonorousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*no"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sonorus</i>,
fr. <i>sonor</i>, <i>-oris</i>, a sound, akin to <i>sonus</i> a sound.
See <u>Sound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Giving sound when struck;
resonant; as, <i>sonorous</i> metals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Loud-sounding; giving a clear or loud
sound; as, a <i>sonorous</i> voice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Yielding sound; characterized by sound;
vocal; sonant; as, the vowels are <i>sonorous</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Impressive in sound; high-
sounding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Italian opera, amidst all the meanness and
familiarty of the thoughts, has something beautiful and
<i>sonorous</i> in the expression.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is nothing of the artificial Johnsonian balance
in his style. It is as often marked by a pregnant brevity as by a
<i>sonorous</i> amplitude.</blockquote> <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Sonant; vibrant; hence, of
sounds produced in a cavity, deep-toned; as, <i>sonorous</i>
rhonchi.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sonorous figures</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>figures
formed by the vibrations of a substance capable of emitting a musical
tone, as when the bow of a violin is drawn along the edge of a piece
of glass or metal on which sand is strewed, and the sand arranges
itself in figures according to the musical tone. Called also
<i>acoustic figures</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sonorous tumor</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a tumor which emits a clear, resonant sound on
percussion.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>So*no"rous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>So*no"rous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Son"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
a son, or of bearing the relation of a son; filiation.</def>  <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Soncy</u>.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Son"tag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from from
Mme. Henriette <i>Sontag</i>, a famous singer.] <def>A knitted worsted
jacket, worn over the waist of a woman's dress.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1372 !></p>

<p><hw>Son"ties</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Probably from
"<i>saintes</i>" saints, or from <i>sanctities</i>; -- used as an
oath.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soo*chong"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Souchong</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Soo"dra</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>Sudra</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Soo"fee</hw> (?), <hw>Soo"fee*ism</hw> (?) }. <def>Same as
<u>Sufi</u>, <u>Sufism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soo"jee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Suji</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soon</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sone</i>, AS.
<i>s&?;na</i>; cf. OFries. <i>s&?;n</i>, OS. <i>s&amacr;na</i>,
<i>s&amacr;no</i>, OHG. <i>s&amacr;r</i>, Goth. <i>suns</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a short time; shortly after any time
specified or supposed; as, <i>soon</i> after sunrise.</def>
"<i>Sooner</i> said than done." <i>Old Proverb.</i> "As <i>soon</i> as
it might be." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She finished, and the subtle fiend his lore<BR>
<i>Soon</i> learned.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without the usual delay; before any time
supposed; early.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How is it that ye are come so <i>soon</i> to-
day?</blockquote> <i>Ex. ii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Promptly; quickly; easily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Small lights are <i>soon</i> blown out, huge fires
abide.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Readily; willingly; -- in this sense used
with <i>would</i>, or some other word expressing
<i>will</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would as <i>soon</i> see a river winding through
woods or in meadows, as when it is tossed up in so many whimsical
figures at Versailles.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>As soon as</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>So soon
as</b></col>, <cd>immediately at or after another event.</cd> "<i>As
soon as</i> he came nigh unto the camp . . . he saw the calf, and the
dancing." <i>Ex. xxxii. 19.</i> See <i>So . . . as</i>, under
<u>So</u>. -- <col><b>Soon at</b></col>, <cd>as soon as; or, as soon
as the time referred to arrives.</cd> [Obs.] "I shall be sent for
<i>soon at</i> night." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Sooner or
later</b></col>, <cd>at some uncertain time in the future; as, he will
discover his mistake <i>sooner or later</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>With the
soonest</b></col>, <cd>as soon as any; among the earliest; too
soon.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soon</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speedy; quick.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soo"nee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sunnite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soon"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Soon.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Skin of bacon.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soor"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. &amp; Per.
<i>surma</i>.] <def>A preparation of antimony with which Mohammedan
men anoint their eyelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soo*shong"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Souchong</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soo"soo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A kind of dolphin (<i>Platanista Gangeticus</i>) native of the
river Ganges; the Gangetic dolphin. It has a long, slender, somewhat
spatulate beak.</def> [Written also <i>susu</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Soot</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sot</i>,
AS. <i>s&?;t</i>; akin to Icel. <i>s&?;t</i>, Sw. <i>sot</i>, Dan.
<i>sod</i>, OD. <i>soet</i>, Lith. <i>s&?;dis</i>; cf. Gael.
<i>suith</i>, Ir. <i>suth</i>.] <def>A black substance formed by
combustion, or disengaged from fuel in the process of combustion,
which rises in fine particles, and adheres to the sides of the chimney
or pipe conveying the smoke; strictly, the fine powder, consisting
chiefly of carbon, which colors smoke, and which is the result of
imperfect combustion. See <u>Smoke</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sooted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sooting</u>.] <def>To cover or dress with soot; to smut with, or as
with, soot; as, to <i>soot</i> land.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Soot</hw> (?), <hw>Soot"e</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Sweet</u>.] <def>Sweet.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>soote</i> savour
of the vine."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soot"er*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. G.
<i>suttern</i> to boil gently.] <def>A kind of false birth, fabled to
be produced by Dutch women from sitting over their stoves; also, an
abortion, in a figurative sense; an abortive scheme.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fruits of dull heat, and <i>sooterkins</i> of
wit.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth</hw> (s&oomac;th), <pos><i>a.; also adv.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Soother</u> (s&oomac;th"&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Soothest</u>.] [OE. <i>soth</i>, AS.
<i>s&omacr;&eth;</i>, for <i>san&eth;</i>; akin to OS.
<i>s&omacr;&eth;</i>, OHG. <i>sand</i>, Icel. <i>sannr</i>, Sw.
<i>sann</i>, Dan. <i>sand</i>, Skr. <i>sat</i>, <i>sant</i>, real,
genuine, present, being; properly p. pr. from a root meaning, to be,
Skr. <i>as</i>, L. <i>esse</i>; also akin to Goth. <i>sunjis</i> true,
Gr. <grk>'eteo`s</grk>, Skr. <i>satya</i>. &radic;9.  Cf.
<u>Absent</u>, <u>Am</u>, <u>Essence</u>, <u>Is</u>, <u>Soothe</u>,
<u>Sutee</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>True; faithful;
trustworthy.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sentence [meaning] of it <i>sooth</i> is, out of
doubt.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That shall I <i>sooth</i> (said he) to you
declare.</blockquote> <i>Spensser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing; delightful; sweet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>soothest</i> shepherd that ever piped on
plains.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With jellies <i>soother</i> than the creamy
curd.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&omacr;&eth;</i>. See
<u>Sooth</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Truth;
reality.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sooth</i> it this, the cut fell to the
knight.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>sooth</i>, I know not why I am so
sad.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In good <i>sooth</i>,<BR>
Its mystery is love, its meaninng youth.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Augury; prognostication.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>soothe</i> of birds by beating of their
wings.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Blandishment; cajolery.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soothe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soothed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Soothing</u>.] [Originally, to assent to as true; OE.
<i>so&?;ien</i> to verify, AS. <i>ges&?;&?;ian</i> to prove the truth
of, to bear witness. See <u>Sooth</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To assent to as true.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Testament of Love.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assent to; to comply with; to gratify;
to humor by compliance; to please with blandishments or soft words; to
flatter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good, my lord, <i>soothe</i> him, let him take the
fellow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I've tried the force of every reason on him,<BR>
<i>Soothed</i> and caressed, been angry, <i>soothed</i>
again.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assuage; to mollify; to calm; to
comfort; as, to <i>soothe</i> a crying child; to <i>soothe</i> one's
sorrows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Music hath charms to <i>soothe</i> the savage
breast,<BR>
To soften rocks, or bend a knotted oak.</blockquote>
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though the sound of Fame<BR>
May for a moment <i>soothe</i>, it can not slake<BR>
The fever of vain longing.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To soften; assuage; allay; compose; mollify;
tranquilize; pacify; mitigate.</p>

<p><hw>Sooth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, soothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"fast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sooth</i> +
<i>fast</i>, that is, fast or firm with respect to truth.] <def>Firmly
fixed in, or founded upon, the thruth; true; genuine; real; also,
truthful; faithful.</def> [Archaic] -- <wf>Sooth"fast`ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Archaic] "In very
<pos><i>soothfastness.</i></pos>"  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why do not you . . . bear leal and <i>soothfast</i>
evidence in her behalf, as ye may with a clear
conscience!</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Sooth"fast`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Soothly; really;
in fact.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I care not if the pomps you show<BR>
Be what they <i>soothfast</i> appear.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Soothe</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a soothing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In truth; truly;
really; verily.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Soothly</i> for to say."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Truth;
reality.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"say`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<i>Sooth</i> +
<i>say</i>; properly to say truth, tell the truth.] <def>To foretell;
to predict.</def> "You can not <i>soothsay</i>." <i>Shak.</i> "Old
<i>soothsaying</i> Glaucus' spell." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"say`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
true saying; a proverb; a prophecy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Omen; portent. Having</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God turn the same to good <i>soothsay</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"say`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who foretells events by the art of soothsaying; a
prognosticator.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mantis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sooth"say`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A true saying; truth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of one who soothsays; the
foretelling of events; the art or practice of making
predictions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A damsel, possessed with a spirit of divination . . .
which brought her masters much gain by
<i>soothsaying</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvi. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A prediction; a prophecy; a
prognostication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Divinations and <i>soothsayings</i> and dreams are
vain.</blockquote> <i>Eclus. xxxiv. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soot"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sooty; fuliginousness.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soot"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sooty.</def>  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soot"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar</i></pos>
<u>Sootier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sootiest</u>.] [AS.
<i>s&?;tig</i>. See <u>Soot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to soot; producing soot; soiled by soot.</def> "Fire of
<i>sooty</i> coal."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a dark brown or black color like
soot; fuliginous; dusky; dark.</def> "The grisly legions that troop
under the <i>sooty</i> flag of Acheron."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sooty albatross</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
albatross (<i>Ph&oelig;betria fuliginosa</i>) found chiefly in the
Pacific Ocean; -- called also <i>nellie</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sooty
tern</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tern (<i>Sterna
fuliginosa</i>) found chiefly in tropical seas.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soot"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To black or foul with
soot.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sootied</i> with noisome smoke.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sop</i>,
<i>soppe</i>; akin to AS. <i>s&?;pan</i> to sup, to sip, to drink, D.
<i>sop</i> sop, G. <i>suppe</i> soup, Icel. <i>soppa</i> sop. See
<u>Sup</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Soup</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything steeped, or dipped and softened, in
any liquid; especially, something dipped in broth or liquid food, and
intended to be eaten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He it is to whom I shall give a <i>sop</i>, when I have
dipped it.</blockquote> <i>John xiii. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sops</i> in wine, quantity, inebriate more than wine
itself.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The bounded waters<BR>
Should lift their bosoms higher than the shores,<BR>
And make a <i>sop</i> of all this solid globe.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything given to pacify; -- so called from
the sop given to Cerberus, as related in mythology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All nature is cured with a <i>sop</i>.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thing of little or no value.</def> [Obs.]
<i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sops in wine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an old name of
the clove pink, alluding to its having been used to flavor
wine.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Garlands of roses and <i>sops in wine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Sops of wine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an old
European variety of apple, of a yellow and red color, shading to deep
red; -- called also <i>sopsavine</i>, and <i>red
shropsavine</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sopping</u>.] <def>To steep or dip in any liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Soap</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Soph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Univ.)</i> <def>A
contraction of <u>Soph ister</u>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Soph</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Amer. Colleges)</i> <def>A
contraction of <u>Sophomore</u>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>So"phi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sophis</b></plw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Sufi</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Soph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Soph"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; wise, &?; wisdom.]
<def>Teaching wisdom.</def> [Obs.]  <i>S. Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*phime"</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>soffime</i>, <i>sophisme</i>.] <def>Sophism.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I trow ye study aboute some
<i>sophime</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soph"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sophisme</i>, L.
<i>sophisma</i>, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to make wise, &?; to be become
wise, to play the sophist, fr. &?; wise.] <def>The doctrine or mode of
reasoning practiced by a sophist; hence, any fallacy designed to
deceive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a false argument puts on the appearance of a true
one, then it is properly called a <i>sophism</i>, or
"fallacy".</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us first rid ourselves of <i>sophisms</i>, those of
depraved men, and those of heartless philosophers.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soph"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sophiste</i>, L.
<i>sophistes</i>, fr. Gr. &?;. See <u>Sophism</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of a class of men who taught eloquence, philosophy, and
politics in ancient Greece; especially, one of those who, by their
fallacious but plausible reasoning, puzzled inquirers after truth,
weakened the faith of the people, and drew upon themselves general
hatred and contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many of the <i>Sophists</i> doubdtless card not for
truth or morality, and merely professed to teach how to make the worse
appear the better reason; but there scems no reason to hold that they
were a special class, teaching special opinions; even Socrates and
Plato were sometimes styled <i>Sophists</i>.</blockquote> <i>Liddell &
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, an impostor in argument; a captious
or fallacious reasoner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soph"ist*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sophist. See <u>Sophist</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Univ.)</i> <def>A student who is
advanced beyond the first year of his residence.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The entire course at the university consists of three years
and one term, during which the students have the titles of <i>first-
year men</i>, or <i>freshmen</i>; <i>second-year men</i> or <i>junior
sophs</i> or <i>sophisters</i>; <i>third-year men</i>, or <i>senior
sophs</i> or <i>sophisters</i>; and, in the last term,
<i>questionists</i>, with reference to the approaching examination. In
the older American colleges, the junior and senior classes were
originally called, and in some of them are still called, <i>junior
sophisters</i> and <i>senior sophisters</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Soph"ist*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To maintain
by sophistry, or by a fallacious argument.</def> [Obs.]
<i>obham.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>So*phis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>So*phis"tic*al</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sophisticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>sophistique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a sophist; embodying
sophistry; fallaciously subtile; not sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His argument . . . is altogether
<i>sophistical</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>So*phis"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>So*phis"tic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>So*phis"ti*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sophisticated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sophisticating</u>.] [LL. <i>sophisticatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>sophisticare</i> to sophisticate.] <def>To render worthless by
admixture; to adulterate; to damage; to pervert; as, to
<i>sophisticate</i> wine.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>sophisticate</i> the understanding.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet Butler professes to stick to plain facts, not to
<i>sophisticate</i>, not to refine.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They purchase but <i>sophisticated</i>
ware.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To adulterate; debase; corrupt; vitiate.</p>

<p>{ <hw>So*phis"ti*cate</hw> (?), <hw>So*phis"ti*ca`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adulterated; not pure; not
genuine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So truth, while only one supplied the state,<BR>
Grew scare and dear, and yet <i>sophisticate</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*phis`ti*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>sophisticatio</i>, F. <i>sophistication</i>.] <def>The act of
sophisticating; adulteration; as, the <i>sophistication</i> of
drugs.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*phis"ti*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sophisticates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soph"ist*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sophistrie</i>, OF. <i>sophisterie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art or process of reasoning; logic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The practice of a sophist; fallacious
reasoning; reasoning sound in appearance only.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The juggle of <i>sophistry</i> consists, for the most
part, in usig a word in one sense in the premise, and in another sense
in the conclusion.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Fallacy</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Soph"o*more</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr.
<i>soph</i> or <i>sophister</i> + Gr. &?; foolish. The word was
probably introduced into the United States at an early date, from the
University of Cambridge, England. Among the cant terms at that
university, as given in the Gradus ad Cantabrigiam, we find <i>Soph-
Mor</i> as "the next distinctive appellation to Freshman," but the
term has now almost ceased to be known at the English university from
whence it came.] <def>One belonging to the second of the four classes
in an American college, or one next above a freshman.</def> [Formerly
written also <i>sophimore</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Soph`o*mor"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Soph`o*mor"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a sophomore; resembling
a sophomore; hence, pretentious; inflated in style or manner; as,
<i>sophomoric</i> affectation.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>So*pho"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>&?;ufair</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of leguminous
plants.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tree (<i>Sophora
Japonica</i>) of Eastern Asia, resembling the common locust;
occasionally planted in the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soph"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Softa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"pite</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>sopitus</i>,
p. p. of <i>sopire</i> to put to sleep; akin to <i>sopor</i> a
sleeping draught, a heavy sleep.] <def>To lay asleep; to put to sleep;
to quiet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king's declaration for the <i>sopiting</i> of all
Arminian heresies.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*pi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
putting to sleep, or the state of being put to sleep; sleep.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Dementation and <i>sopition</i> of reason.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So"por</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Profound sleep from which a person can be roused only with
difficulty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sop"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>soporatus</i>, p. p. or <i>soporare</i> to put to sleep, fr.
<i>sopor</i> a heavy sleep.] <def>To lay or put to sleep; to
stupefy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sop`o*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>soparifer</i>; <i>sopor</i> a heavy sleep + <i>ferere</i> to
bring.] <def>Causing sleep; somniferous; soporific.</def>
"<i>Soporiferous</i> medicine."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>--- <wf>Sop`o*rif"er*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sop`o*rif"er*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sop`o*rif"ic</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sopor</i> a heavy sleep (akin to <i>somnus</i> sleep) +
<i>facere</i> to make. See <u>Somnolent</u>, <u>Fact</u>.]
<def>Causing sleep; tending to cause sleep; soporiferous; as, the
<i>soporific</i> virtues of opium.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Somniferous; narcotic; opiate; anodyne.</p>

<p><hw>Sop`o*rif"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine, drug,
plant, or other agent that has the quality of inducing sleep; a
narcotic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sop"o*rose`</hw> (?), <hw>Sop"o*rous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Sopor</u>; cf. L. <i>soporus</i>, fr.
<i>sopor</i> a heavy sleep; F. <i>soporeux</i>.] <def>Causing sleep;
sleepy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sops.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sop"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Soaked or saturated
with liquid or moisture; very wet or sloppy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [Yarmouth] looked rather spongy and
<i>soppy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So"pra</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It., from L.
<i>supra</i> above.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Above; before; over;
upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*pra"nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
treble singer.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*pra"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Sopranos</b></plw> (#), It. <plw><b>Soprani</b></plw> (#).
[It., fr. <i>soprano</i> superior, highest, fr. <i>sopra</i> above, L.
<i>supra</i>. See <u>Sovereign</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The treble; the highest vocal register; the highest kind of
female or boy's voice; the upper part in harmony for mixed
voices.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A singer, commonly a woman,
with a treble voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sops"a*vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Sops of
wine</i>, under <u>Sop</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1373 !></p>

<p><hw>So"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
North American rail (<i>Porzana Carolina</i>) common in the Eastern
United States. Its back is golden brown, varied with black and white,
the front of the head and throat black, the breast and sides of the
head and neck slate-colored. Called also <i>American rail</i>,
<i>Carolina rail</i>, <i>Carolina crake</i>, <i>common rail</i>,
<i>sora rail</i>, <i>soree</i>, <i>meadow chicken</i>, and
<i>orto</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>King sora</b></col>, <cd>the Florida gallinule.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ance</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Soreness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sorb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>sorbus the tree</i>,
<i>sorbum</i> the fruit; cf. F. <i>sorbe</i>. See <u>Service
tree</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The wild service
tree (<i>Pyrus torminalis</i>) of Europe; also, the rowan tree.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The fruit of these trees.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sorb apple</b></col>, <cd>the fruit of the sorb, or wild
service tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Sorb tree</b></col>, <cd>the wild
service tree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sor"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>sorbate</i>.
See <u>Sorbic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sorbic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor`be*fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sorbere</i> to suck in, absorb + <i>faciens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>facere</i> to make.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing absorption.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine or substance which produces
absorption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sorb"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sorbens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>sorbere</i> to suck in, to absorb.] <def>An absorbent.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sor"bet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sorbet</i> or It.
<i>sorbetto</i> or Sp. <i>sorbete</i>, from the same source as E.
<i>sherbet</i>. See <u>Sherbet</u>.] <def>A kind of beverage;
sherbet.</def>  <i>Smolett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>sorbique</i>.
See <u>Sorb</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained from,
the rowan tree, or sorb; specifically, designating an acid,
C&?;H&?;CO&?;H, of the acetylene series, found in the unripe berries
of this tree, and extracted as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"bile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sorbilis</i>,
fr. <i>sorbere</i> to suck in, to drink down.] <def>Fit to be drunk or
sipped.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sor"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
unfermentable sugar, isomeric with glucose, found in the ripe berries
of the rowan tree, or sorb, and extracted as a sweet white crystalline
substance; -- called also <i>mountain-ash sugar</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sorbus</i>
service tree.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sugarlike substance, isomeric
with mannite and dulcite, found with sorbin in the ripe berries of the
sorb, and extracted as a sirup or a white crystalline substance.</def>
-- <wf>Sor*bit"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sor*bi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sorbitio</i>.] <def>The act of drinking or sipping.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sor*bon"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to
the Sorbonne or to a Sorbonist.</def>  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"bon*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sorboniste</i>.] <def>A doctor of the <i>Sorbonne</i>, or
theological college, in the University of Paris, founded by Robert de
<i>Sorbon</i>, <u>a. d.</u> 1252.  It was suppressed in the Revolution
of 1789.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"cer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sorcier</i>. See <u>Sorcery</u>.] <def>A conjurer; an enchanter; a
magician.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>
<blockquote>Pharaoh also called the wise men and the
<i>sorcerers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. vii. 11.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"cer*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
sorcerer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"cer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act or practice of
using sorcery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"cer*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to sorcery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"cer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sorceries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>sorcerie</i>, OF.
<i>sorcerie</i>, fr. OF. &amp; F. <i>sorcier</i> a sorcerer, LL.
<i>sortiarius</i>, fr. L. <i>sors</i>, <i>sortis</i>, a lot, decision
by lot, fate, destiny. See <u>Sort</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Divination by the assistance, or supposed assistance, of evil
spirits, or the power of commanding evil spirits; magic; necromancy;
witchcraft; enchantment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Adder's wisdom I have learned,<BR>
To fence my ear against thy <i>sorceries</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sord</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sward</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sor"des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>sordere</i> to be dirty or foul.] <def>Foul matter; excretion;
dregs; filthy, useless, or rejected matter of any kind; specifically
<i>(Med.)</i>, the foul matter that collects on the teeth and tongue
in low fevers and other conditions attended with great vital
depression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"det</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sordine</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A sordine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"did</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sordidus</i>, fr.
<i>sordere</i> to be filthy or dirty; probably akin to E.
<i>swart</i>: cf. F. <i>sordide</i>. See <u>Swart</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Filthy; foul;
dirty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sordid</i> god; down from his hoary chin<BR>
A length of beard descends, uncombed, unclean.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vile; base; gross; mean; as, vulgar,
<i>sordid</i> mortals.</def> "To scorn the <i>sordid</i> world."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Meanly avaricious; covetous;
niggardly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He may be old,<BR>
And yet <i>sordid</i>, who refuses gold.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor*did"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sordidness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sor"did*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sordid
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"did*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sordid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"dine</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>sordina</i>, <i>sordino</i>, from <i>sordo</i> deaf, dull-sounding,
L. <i>surdus</i>. See <u>Surd</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See
<u>Damper</u>, and 5th <u>Mute</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sore</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>saure</i>,
<i>sore</i>, <i>sor</i>; faucon <i>sor</i> a sore falcon. See
<u>Sorrel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Reddish brown; sorrel.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sore falcon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Sore</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
young hawk or falcon in the first year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young buck in the
fourth year. See the Note under <u>Buck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sore</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sorer</u> (&?;); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sorest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sor</i>, <i>sar</i>, AS. <i>s&amacr;r</i>; akin to D. <i>zeer</i>,
OS. &amp; OHG. <i>s&?;r</i>, G. <i>sehr</i> very, Icel. <i>s&amacr;rr</i>,
Sw. <i>s&aring;r</i>, Goth. <i>sair</i> pain.  Cf. <u>Sorry</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tender to the touch; susceptible of pain from
pressure; inflamed; painful; -- said of the body or its parts; as, a
<i>sore</i> hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Sensitive; tender; easily pained,
grieved, or vexed; very susceptible of irritation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Malice and hatred are very fretting and vexatious, and
apt to make our minds <i>sore</i> and uneasy.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Severe; afflictive; distressing; as, a
<i>sore</i> disease; <i>sore</i> evil or calamity.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Criminal; wrong; evil.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sore throat</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>inflammation of
the throat and tonsils; pharyngitis. See <u>Cynanche</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Malignant</b></col>, <col><b>Ulcerated</b></col> or
<col><b>Putrid</b></col>, <col><b>sore throat</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Angina</u>, and under <u>Putrid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sor</i>,
<i>sar</i>, AS. <i>s&amacr;r</i>. See <u>Sore</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place in an animal
body where the skin and flesh are ruptured or bruised, so as to be
tender or painful; a painful or diseased place, such as an ulcer or a
boil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dogs came and licked his <i>sores</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Luke xvi. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Grief; affliction; trouble;
difficulty.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I see plainly where his <i>sore</i> lies.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gold sore</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Gold</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Sore</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&amacr;re</i>. See
<u>Sore</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a sore
manner; with pain; grievously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy hand presseth me <i>sore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
xxxviii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Greatly; violently; deeply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Hannah] prayed unto the Lord and wept
<i>sore</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. i. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sore</i> sighed the knight, who this long sermon
heard.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||So*re"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Soredium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*re"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Soredi&iuml;ferous.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Sor`e*dif"er*ous</hw> (?), or <hw>So*re`di*if"er*ous</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Soredium</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing soredia; sorediate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So*re"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Soredia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a heap.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A patch of granular bodies on the surface of the
thallus of lichens.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ree</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sore"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
disgruntled by a failure in politics, or the like.</def> [Slang,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sore"hon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from
<i>sojourn</i>, Scot. <i>soirne</i>, <i>sorn</i>.] <def>Formerly, in
Ireland, a kind of servile tenure which subjected the tenant to
maintain his chieftain gratuitously whenever he wished to indulge in a
revel.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A diminutive. See
<u>Sore</u> reddish brown.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A young buck in the third year. See the Note under
<u>Buck</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A yellowish or reddish brown color;
sorrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sore"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sore manner;
grievously; painfully; as, to be <i>sorely</i> afflicted.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So*re"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
heap.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A heap of carpels belonging to one
flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sore"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sore; tenderness; painfull; as, the <i>soreness</i> of
a wound; the <i>soreness</i> of an affliction.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So"rex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a shrew.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small Insectivora, including the
common shrews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ghe</hw> (s&ocirc;r"g&esl;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The three-bearded rockling, or
whistlefish.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sor"ghum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., probably of
Chinese origin.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of
grasses, properly limited to two species, <i>Sorghum Halepense</i>,
the Arabian millet, or Johnson grass (see <u>Johnson grass</u>), and
<i>S. vulgare</i>, the Indian millet (see <i>Indian millet</i>, under
<u>Indian</u>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A variety of <i>Sorghum
vulgare</i>, grown for its saccharine juice; the Chinese sugar
cane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>sorgo</i>.
See <u>Sorghum</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Indian millet and its
varieties. See <u>Sorghum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Sorus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ri*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sorricinus</i>, fr. <i>sorex</i> a shrew.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Shrew family (<i>Soricid&aelig;</i>);
like a shrew in form or habits; as, the <i>soricine</i> bat
(<i>Glossophaga soricina</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>So*ri"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
<grk>swrei`ths</grk> (sc. <grk>syllogismo`s</grk>), properly, heaped
up (hence, a heap of syllogisms), fr. <grk>swro`s</grk> a heap.]
<i>(Logic)</i> <def>An abridged form of stating of syllogisms in a
series of propositions so arranged that the predicate of each one that
precedes forms the subject of each one that follows, and the
conclusion unites the subject of the first proposition with the
predicate of the last proposition</def>, as in following example; --
</p>

<p><blockquote>The soul is a thinking agent;<BR>
A thinking agent can not be severed into parts;<BR>
That which can not be severed can not be destroyed;<BR>
Therefore the soul can not be destroyed.</blockquote></p>

<p>&fist; When the series is arranged in the reverse order, it is
called the <i>Goclenian sorites</i>, from Goclenius, a philosopher of
the sixteenth century.</p>

<p><col><b>Destructive sorities</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Destructive</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So"rit"ic*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a sorites; resembling a sorites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sorn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Sorehon</u>.]
<def>To obtrude one's self on another for bed and board.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sorn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who obtrudes
himself on another for bed and board.</def> [Scot.]  <i>De
Quncey.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*ro"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>soror</i>
sister: cf. F. <i>sororal</i>.] <def>Relating to a sister;
sisterly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>So*ror"i*cide</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sororocida</i>, and <i>sororicidium</i>; <i>soror</i> a sister +
<i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>The murder of one's sister; also, one
who murders or kills one's own sister.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>So*ro"rize</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>soror</i>, <i>sororis</i>, a sister.] <def>To associate, or hold
fellowship, as sisters; to have sisterly feelings; -- analogous to
<i>fraternize</i>.</def> [Recent &amp; R.]</p>

<p><hw>So*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sororize</u>.] <def>A woman's club; an association of women.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||So*ro"sis</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
heap.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fleshy fruit formed by the consolidation
of many flowers with their receptacles, ovaries, etc., as the
breadfruit, mulberry, and pineapple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"rage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sorrel</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The blades of green or barley.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"rance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sorance</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sor"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>saur</i>,
<i>saure</i>, OF. <i>sor</i>, <i>sore</i>, probably of Teutonic
origin; cf. D. <i>zoor</i> dry, LG. <i>soor</i>; the meaning probably
coming from the color of dry leaves. See <u>Sear</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sorel</u>.] <def>Of a yellowish or
redish brown color; as, a <i>sorrel</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yellowish or
redish brown color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"rel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>surelle</i>, fr.
<i>sur</i> sour, fr. OHG. <i>s&?;r</i> sour. See <u>Sour</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of various plants having a sour juice;
especially, a plant of the genus <i>Rumex</i>, as <i>Rumex
Acetosa</i>, <i>Rumex Acetosella</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mountain sorrel</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Mountain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red sorrel</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A malvaceous plant (<i>Hibiscus
Sabdariffa</i>) whose acid calyxes and capsules are used in the West
Indies for making tarts and acid drinks</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A troublesome weed (<i>Rumex Acetosella</i>), also called <i>sheep
sorrel</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Salt of sorrel</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>binoxalate of potassa; -- so called because obtained from the
juice of <i>Rumex Acetosella</i>, or <i>Rumex Axetosa</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sorrel tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small ericaceous
tree (<i>Oxydendrum arboreum</i>) whose leaves resemble those of the
peach and have a sour taste. It is common along the Alleghanies.
Called also <i>sourwood</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood sorrel</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the genus Oxalis.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ren"to work`</hw> (?). <def>Ornamental work, mostly carved
in olivewood, decorated with inlay, made at or near Sorrento, Italy.
Hence, more rarely, jig-saw work and the like done anywhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sorry
manner; poorly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy pipe, O Pan, shall help, though I sing
<i>sorrily</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sorry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sorwe</i>,
<i>sorewe</i>, <i>sor&?;e</i>, AS. <i>sorg</i>, <i>sorh</i>; akin to
D. <i>zorg</i> care, anxiety, OS. <i>sorga</i>, OHG. <i>sorga</i>,
<i>soraga</i>, <i>suorga</i>, G. <i>sorge</i>, Icel., Sw., &amp; Dan.
<i>sorg</i>, Goth. <i>sa&uacute;rga</i>; of unknown origin.] <def>The
uneasiness or pain of mind which is produced by the loss of any good,
real or supposed, or by diseappointment in the expectation of good;
grief at having suffered or occasioned evil; regret; unhappiness;
sadness.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How great a <i>sorrow</i> suffereth now
Arcite!</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The safe and general antidote against <i>sorrow</i> is
employment.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Grief; unhappiness; regret; sadness; heaviness;
mourning; affliction. See <u>Affliction</u>, and <u>Grief</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sor"row</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sorrowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sorrowing</u>.] [OE. <i>sorowen</i>, <i>sorwen</i>, <i>sorhen</i>,
AS. <i>sorgian</i>; akin to Goth. <i>sa&uacute;rgan</i>. See
<u>Sorrow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To feel pain of mind in
consequence of evil experienced, feared, or done; to grieve; to be
sad; to be sorry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sorrowing</i> most of all . . . that they should see
his face no more.</blockquote> <i>Acts xx. 38.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I desire no man to <i>sorrow</i> for me.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"rowed</hw> (?) (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accompanied
with sorrow; sorrowful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"row*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sorweful</i>, AS. <i>sorgful</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of
sorrow; exhibiting sorrow; sad; dejected; distressed.</def> "This
<i>sorrowful</i> prisoner."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul is exceeding <i>sorrowful</i>, even unto
death.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxvi. 38.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing sorrow; exciting grief; mournful;
lamentable; grievous; as, a <i>sorrowful</i> accident.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sad; mournful; dismal; disconsolate; drear; dreary;
grievous; lamentable; doleful; distressing.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sor"row*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sor"row*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sor"row*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
sorrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sorrier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sorriest</u>.] [OE. <i>sory</i>,
<i>sary</i>, AS. <i>s&amacr;rig</i>, fr. <i>s&amacr;r</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>sore</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Sore</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>a.</i></pos> The original sense was,
painful; hence, miserable, sad.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Grieved for
the loss of some good; pained for some evil; feeling regret; -- now
generally used to express light grief or affliction, but formerly
often used to express deeper feeling.</def> "I am <i>sorry</i> for my
sins."  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye were made <i>sorry</i> after a godly
manner.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. vii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>sorry</i> for thee, friend; 't is the duke's
pleasure.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She entered, were he lief or <i>sorry</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Melancholy; dismal; gloomy; mournful.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All full of chirking was this <i>sorry</i>
place.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Poor; mean; worthless; as, a <i>sorry</i>
excuse.</def> "With <i>sorry</i> grace."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cheeks of <i>sorry</i> grain will serve.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> Good fruit will sometimes grow on a <i>sorry</i>
tree.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hurt; afflicted; mortified; vexed; chagrined;
melancholy; dismal; poor; mean; pitiful.</p>

<p><hw>||Sors</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sortes</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A lot; also, a kind of
divination by means of lots.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sortes Homeric&aelig;</b></col> or
<col><b>Virgilian&aelig;</b></col> [L., Homeric or Virgilian lots],
<cd>a form of divination anciently practiced, which consisted in
taking the first passage on which the eye fell, upon opening a volume
of Homer or Virgil, or a passage drawn from an urn which several were
deposited, as indicating future events, or the proper course to be
pursued. In later times the Bible was used for the same purpose by
Christians.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Sort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sorl</i>, L.
<i>sors</i>, <i>sortis</i>. See <u>Sort</u> kind.] <def>Chance; lot;
destiny.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By aventure, or <i>sort</i>, or cas
[chance].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let blockish Ajax draw<BR>
The <i>sort</i> to fight with Hector.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1374 !></p>

<p><hw>Sort</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sorie</i> (cf. It.
<i>sorta</i>, <i>sorte</i>), from L. <i>sors</i>, <i>sorti</i>, a lot,
part, probably akin to <i>serere</i> to connect. See <u>Series</u>,
and cf. <u>Assort</u>, <u>Consort</u>, <u>Resort</u>, <u>Sorcery</u>,
<u>Sort</u> lot.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind or species; any
number or collection of individual persons or things characterized by
the same or like qualities; a class or order; as, a <i>sort</i> of
men; a <i>sort</i> of horses; a <i>sort</i> of trees; a <i>sort</i> of
poems.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manner; form of being or acting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which for my part I covet to perform,<BR>
In <i>sort</i> as through the world I did proclaim.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Flowers, in such <i>sort</i> worn, can neither be smelt
nor seen well by those that wear them.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll deceive you in another <i>sort</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To Adam in what <i>sort</i><BR>
Shall I appear?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall not be wholly without praise, if in some
<i>sort</i> I have copied his style.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Condition above the vulgar; rank.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A chance group; a company of persons who
happen to be together; a troop; also, an assemblage of animals.</def>
[Obs.] "A <i>sort</i> of shepherds." <i>Spenser.</i> "A <i>sort</i> of
steers." <i>Spenser.</i> "A <i>sort</i> of doves." <i>Dryden.</i> "A
<i>sort</i> of rogues." <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A boy, a child, and we a <i>sort</i> of us,<BR>
Vowed against his voyage.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A pair; a set; a suit.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Letters,
figures, points, marks, spaces, or quadrats, belonging to a case,
separately considered.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Out of sorts</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>with some
letters or sorts of type deficient or exhausted in the case or font;
hence, colloquially, out of order; ill; vexed; disturbed.</cd> --
<col><b>To run upon sorts</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>to use or
require a greater number of some particular letters, figures, or marks
than the regular proportion, as, for example, in making an
index.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Kind; species; rank; condition.  -- <u>Sort</u>,
<u>Kind</u>. <i>Kind</i> originally denoted things of the same family,
or bound together by some natural affinity; and hence, a class.
<i>Sort</i> signifies that which constitutes a particular lot of
parcel, not implying necessarily the idea of affinity, but of mere
assemblage. the two words are now used to a great extent
interchangeably, though <i>sort</i> (perhaps from its original meaning
of <i>lot</i>) sometimes carries with it a slight tone of
disparagement or contempt, as when we say, that <i>sort</i> of people,
that <i>sort</i> of language.
</p>

<p><blockquote>As when the total <i>kind</i><BR>
Of birds, in orderly array on wing,<BR>
Came summoned over Eden to receive<BR>
Their names of there.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>None of noble <i>sort</i><BR>
Would so offend a virgin.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sorted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sorting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate, and place in
distinct classes or divisions, as things having different qualities;
as, to <i>sort</i> cloths according to their colors; to <i>sort</i>
wool or thread according to its fineness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rays which differ in refrangibility may be parted and
<i>sorted</i> from one another.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to order from a confused
state.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To conjoin; to put together in
distribution; to class.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shellfish have been, by some of the ancients, compared
and <i>sorted</i> with insects.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>sorts</i> things present with things
past.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To choose from a number; to select; to
cull.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That he may <i>sort</i> out a worthy
spouse.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>sort</i> some other time to visit
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To conform; to adapt; to accommodate.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I pray thee, <i>sort</i> thy heart to
patience.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
join or associate with others, esp. with others of the same kind or
species; to agree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor do metals only <i>sort</i> and herd with metals in
the earth, and minerals with minerals.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The illiberality of parents towards children makes them
base, and <i>sort</i> with any company.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suit; to fit; to be in accord; to
harmonize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are happy whose natures <i>sort</i> with their
vocations.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Things <i>sort</i> not to my will.</blockquote>
<i>herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not tell you precisely how they
<i>sorted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sortable</i> suitable.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being
sorted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suitable; befitting; proper.</def> [Obs.]
<i>con.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Suitable.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>otgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
sort.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sort</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Suitableness; agreement.</def> [Obs.]
<i>hak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, sorts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sor"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Sors</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"tie</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>sortir</i> to go out, to issue, probably fr. L. <i>sortus</i>, for
<i>surrectus</i>, p. p. of <i>surgere</i> to raise up, to rise up. See
<u>Source</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The sudden issuing of a body of
troops, usually small, from a besieged place to attack or harass the
besiegers; a sally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"ti*lege</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sortil&egrave;ge</i>, fr. L. <i>sors</i>, <i>sortis</i>, a lot +
<i>legere</i> to gather, to select.] <def>The act or practice of
drawing lots; divination by drawing lots.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman infamous for <i>sortileges</i> and
witcheries.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor`ti*le"gious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to sortilege.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"til"e*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sortilege.</def> [R.]  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sortitio</i>,
from <i>sortiri</i> to draw or cast lots, fr. <i>sors</i>,
<i>sortis</i>, a lot.] <def>Selection or appointment by lot.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sort"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Assortiment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||So"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sori</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a heap.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>One of the fruit dots, or small clusters of sporangia, on the
back of the fronds of ferns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sor"we</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Sorrow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sor"we*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sorrowful.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sory</i>, Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Old Min. Chem.)</i> <def>Green vitriol, or some earth imregnated
with it.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"-so`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>So</i> + <i>so</i>.]
<def>Neither very good nor very bad; middling; passable; tolerable;
indifferent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In some Irish houses, where things are <i>so-
so</i>,<BR>
One gammon of bacon hangs up for a show.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Burns] certainly wrote some <i>so-so</i> verses to
the Tree of Liberty.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>So"-so`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Tolerably;
passably.</def>  <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soss</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Souse</u>.]
<def>To fall at once into a chair or seat; to sit lazily.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soss</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw in a negligent
or careless manner; to toss.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lazy
fellow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A heavy fall.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Hallowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sesspol</u>.]
<def>Anything dirty or muddy; a dirty puddle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sos`te*nu"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Sustained; -- applied to a movement or passage the
sounds of which are to sustained to the utmost of the nominal value of
the time; also, to a passage the tones of which are to be somewhat
prolonged or protacted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL. <i>sottus</i>;
of unknown origin, cf. Ir. <i>sotal</i> pride, <i>soithir</i> proud,
or Chald. &amp; NHeb. <i>shoten</i> foolish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
stupid person; a blockhead; a dull fellow; a dolt.</def> [Obs.]
<i>outh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In Egypt oft has seen the <i>sot</i> bow down,<BR>
And reverence some d&?;ified baboon.</blockquote> <i>Oldham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person stupefied by excessive drinking;
an habitual drunkard.</def> "A brutal <i>sot</i>."
<i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every sign<BR>
That calls the staring <i>sots</i> to nasty wine.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sottish; foolish;
stupid; dull.</def> [Obs.] "Rich, but <i>sot</i>."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stupefy; to
infatuate; to besot.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I hate to see a brave, bold fellow
<i>sotted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To tipple to
stupidity.</def> [R.]  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>So`ta*de"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sotadic.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*tad"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, the lascivious compositions of the Greek poet
<i>Sotades</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Sotadic verse or
poem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sote</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sweet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer. Fairfax.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>So"tel</hw> (?), <hw>So"til</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subtile.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>So*te`ri*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; safety
(from &?; saving, &?; a savoir, &?; to save) + <i>-logy</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A discourse on health, or the science of
promoting and preserving health.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine of salvation
by Jesus Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sothe</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sooth.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>So"thi*ac</hw> (?), <hw>Soth"ic</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Sothis, the Egyptian
name for the Dog Star; taking its name from the Dog Star;
canicular.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sothiac</b></col>, or <col><b>Sothic</b></col>,
<col><b>year</b></col> <i>(Chronol.)</i>, <cd>the Egyptian year of 365
days and 6 hours, as distinguished from the Egyptian <i>vague
year</i>, which contained 365 days. The <i>Sothic period</i> consists
of 1,460 Sothic years, being equal to 1,461 vague years. One of these
periods ended in July, <u>a. d.</u> 139.</cd></p>

<p><hw>So"til*te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Subtlety.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sot"ted</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sot</u>. Befooled; deluded; besotted.</def> [Obs.] "This
<i>sotted</i> priest."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sot"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Folly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sot"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Sot</u>.]
<def>Like a sot; doltish; very foolish; drunken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How ignorant are <i>sottish</i> pretenders to
astrology!</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dull; stupid; senseless; doltish; infatuate.</p>

<p> -- <wf>Sot"tish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sot"tish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Sot`to vo"ce</hw> (?). [It.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>With a restrained voice or moderate force; in an
undertone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spoken low or in an undertone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sous</b></plw> (#) <i>or</i> (#). [F. <i>sou</i>, OF.
<i>sol</i>, from L. <i>solidus</i> a gold coin, in LL., a coin of less
value. See <u>Sold</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Solid</u>, and and
cf. <u>Sol</u>, <u>Soldo</u>.] <def>An old French copper coin,
equivalent in value to, and now displaced by, the five-centime piece
(&frac1x20; of a franc), which is popularly called a
<i>sou</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou*a"ri nut`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The large edible
nutlike seed of a tall tropical American tree (<i>Caryocar
nuciferum</i>) of the same natural order with the tea plant; -- also
called <i>butternut</i>.</def> [Written also <i>sawarra nut</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sou"bah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Subah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sou"bah*dar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Subahdar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou`brette"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A female
servant or attendant; specifically, as a term of the theater, a lady's
maid, in comedies, who acts the part of an intrigante; a meddlesome,
mischievous female servant or young woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou`bri`quet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sobriquet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Souce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Souse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Souce</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Souse</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>penser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sou*chong"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>seou
chong</i> little plant or sort.] <def>A kind of black tea of a fine
quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou*dan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F.] <def>A
sultan.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Soud"ed</hw> (&?;), <hw>Soud"et</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Solder</u>.] <def>United; consolidated;
made firm; strengthened.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O martyr <i>souded</i> for virginity!</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A murmuring or blowing sound; as, the uterine <i>souffle</i>
heard over the pregnant uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Souf"fl&eacute;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>souffl&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>souffler</i> to puff.]
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A side dish served hot from the oven at dinner,
made of eggs, milk, and flour or other farinaceous substance, beaten
till very light, and flavored with fruits, liquors, or
essence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A small drain; an adit.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>W. M.
Buchanan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sough</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>s&?;gr</i> (in comp.) a rushing sound, or OE. <i>swough</i>,
<i>swogh</i>, a sound, AS. <i>sw&?;gan</i> to rustle.  Cf.
<u>Surf</u>, <u>Swoon</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The sound produced by soughing; a hollow murmur or
roaring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whispering leaves or solemn <i>sough</i> of the
forest.</blockquote> <i>W. Howitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a vague rumor or flying
report.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cant or whining mode of speaking,
especially in preaching or praying.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sough</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To whistle or sigh, as
the wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sought</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Seek</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Souke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
suck.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soul</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sole.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soul</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sole.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soul</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>so&ucirc;ler</i> to
satiate. See <u>Soil</u> to feed.] <def>To afford suitable
sustenance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soul</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>soule</i>,
<i>saule</i>, AS. <i>s&amacr;wel</i>, <i>s&amacr;wl</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>s&?;le</i>, OS. <i>s&?;ola</i>, D. <i>ziel</i>, G.
<i>seele</i>, OHG. <i>s&?;la</i>, <i>s&?;ula</i>, Icel.
<i>s&amacr;la</i>, Sw. <i>sj&auml;l</i>, Dan. <i>si&aelig;l</i>, Goth.
<i>saiwala</i>; of uncertain origin, perhaps akin to L.
<i>saeculum</i> a lifetime, age (cf. <u>Secular</u>.)]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The spiritual, rational, and immortal part in
man; that part of man which enables him to think, and which renders
him a subject of moral government; -- sometimes, in distinction from
the higher nature, or spirit, of man, the so-called animal soul, that
is, the seat of life, the sensitive affections and phantasy, exclusive
of the voluntary and rational powers; -- sometimes, in distinction
from the mind, the moral and emotional part of man's nature, the seat
of feeling, in distinction from intellect; -- sometimes, the intellect
only; the understanding; the seat of knowledge, as distinguished from
<i>feeling</i>. In a more general sense, "an animating, separable,
surviving entity, the vehicle of individual personal existence."</def>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The eyes of our <i>souls</i> only then begin to see,
when our bodily eyes are closing.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The seat of real life or vitality; the
source of action; the animating or essential part.</def> "The hidden
<i>soul</i> of harmony."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou sun, of this great world both eye and
<i>soul</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The leader; the inspirer; the moving
spirit; the heart; as, the <i>soul</i> of an enterprise; an able
general is the <i>soul</i> of his army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is the very <i>soul</i> of bounty!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Energy; courage; spirit; fervor; affection,
or any other noble manifestation of the heart or moral nature;
inherent power or goodness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That he wants algebra he must confess;<BR>
But not a <i>soul</i> to give our arms success.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A human being; a person; -- a familiar
appellation, usually with a qualifying epithet; as, poor
<i>soul</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As cold waters to a thirsty <i>soul</i>, so is good
news from a far country.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxv. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God forbid so many simple <i>souls</i><BR>
Should perish by the aword!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now mistress Gilpin (careful <i>soul</i>).</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A pure or disembodied spirit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That to his only Son . . . every <i>soul</i> in
heaven<BR>
Shall bend the knee.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Soul</i> is used in the formation of numerous compounds,
most of which are of obvious signification; as, <i>soul</i>-betraying,
<i>soul</i>-consuming, <i>soul</i>-destroying, <i>soul</i>-
distracting, <i>soul</i>-enfeebling, <i>soul</i>-exalting,
<i>soul</i>-felt, <i>soul</i>-harrowing, <i>soul</i>-piercing,
<i>soul</i>-quickening, <i>soul</i>-reviving, <i>soul</i>-stirring,
<i>soul</i>-subduing, <i>soul</i>-withering, etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Spirit; life; courage; fire; ardor.</p>

<p><col><b>Cure of souls</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Cure</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Soul bell</b></col>, <cd>the
passing bell.</cd> <i>Bp. Hall.</i> -- <col><b>Soul foot</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Soul scot</i>, below.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Soul
scot</b></col> or <col><b>Soul shot</b></col>. [<i>Soul</i> +
<i>scot</i>, or <i>shot</i>; cf. AS. <i>s&amacr;welsceat</i>.] <i>(O.
Eccl. Law)</i> <cd>A funeral duty paid in former times for a requiem
for the soul.</cd> <i>Ayliffe.</i> </p>

<p><hw>Soul</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To indue with a
soul; to furnish with a soul or mind.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with a
soul; possessing soul and feeling; -- used chiefly in composition; as,
great-<i>souled</i> Hector.</def> "Grecian chiefs . . . largely
<i>souled</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sou"li*li`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A long-tailed, crested Javan monkey (<i>Semnopithecus
mitratus</i>). The head, the crest, and the upper surface of the tail,
are black.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soul"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without a
soul, or without greatness or nobleness of mind; mean;
spiritless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Slave, <i>souless</i> villain, dog!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soul"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a soulless
manner.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Sound.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>aucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sund</i> a
swimming, akin to E. <i>swim</i>. See <u>Swim</u>.] <def>The air
bladder of a fish; as, cod <i>sounds</i> are an esteemed article of
food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
cuttlefish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sounder</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Soundest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sound</i>, AS. <i>sund</i>; akin to D. ge<i>zond</i>, G.
ge<i>sund</i>, OHG. gi<i>sunt</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>sund</i>, and perhaps
to L. <i>sanus</i>.  Cf. <u>Sane</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Whole;
unbroken; unharmed; free from flaw, defect, or decay; perfect of the
kind; as, <i>sound</i> timber; <i>sound</i> fruit; a <i>sound</i>
tooth; a <i>sound</i> ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Healthy; not diseased; not being in a
morbid state; -- said of body or mind; as, a <i>sound</i> body; a
<i>sound</i> constitution; a <i>sound</i> understanding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Firm; strong; safe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brasswork here, how rich it is in beams,<BR>
And how, besides, it makes the whole house <i>sound</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Free from error; correct; right; honest;
true; faithful; orthodox; -- said of persons; as, a <i>sound</i>
lawyer; a <i>sound</i> thinker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not I know you a favorer<BR>
Of this new seat? Ye are nor <i>sound</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Founded in truth or right; supported by
justice; not to be overthrown on refuted; not fallacious; as,
<i>sound</i> argument or reasoning; a <i>sound</i> objection;
<i>sound</i> doctrine; <i>sound</i> principles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hold fast the form of <i>sound</i> words, which thou
hast heard of me.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim. i. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>heavy; laid on with force; as, a
<i>sound</i> beating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Undisturbed; deep; profound; as,
<i>sound</i> sleep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Founded in law; legal; valid; not
defective; as, a <i>sound</i> title to land.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sound</i> is sometimes used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>sound</i>-headed, <i>sound</i>-hearted,
<i>sound</i>-timbered, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Sound currency</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a currency
whose actual value is the same as its nominal value; a currency which
does not deteriorate or depreciate or fluctuate in comparision with
the standard of values.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Soundly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>sound</i> he slept that naught might him
awake.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sund</i> a narrow sea
or strait; akin to Icel., Sw., Dan. &amp; G. <i>sund</i>, probably so
named because it could be <i>swum</i> across. See <u>Swim</u>.]
<i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A narrow passage of water, or a strait between the
mainland and an island; also, a strait connecting two seas, or
connecting a sea or lake with the ocean; as, the <i>Sound</i> between
the Baltic and the german Ocean; Long Island <i>Sound</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Sound</i> of Denmark, where ships pay
toll.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sound dues</b></col>, <cd>tolls formerly imposed by Denmark
on vessels passing through the Baltic Sound.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sounding</u>.] [F. <i>sonder</i>; cf. AS. <i>sund</i>gyrd a
sounding rod, <i>sund</i>line a sounding line (see <u>Sound</u> a
narrow passage of water).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To measure the
depth of; to fathom; especially, to ascertain the depth of by means of
a line and plummet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To ascertain, or try to ascertain,
the thoughts, motives, and purposes of (a person); to examine; to try;
to test; to probe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was in jest,<BR>
And by that offer meant to <i>sound</i> your breast.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I've <i>sounded</i> my Numidians man by
man.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To explore, as the bladder or
urethra, with a sound; to examine with a sound; also, to examine by
auscultation or percussion; as, to <i>sound</i> a patient.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1375 !></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ascertain the
depth of water with a sounding line or other device.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>sound</i> as a shipman <i>soundeth</i> in the sea
with his plummet to know the depth of sea.</blockquote>
<i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sonde</i>. See
<u>Sound</u> to fathom.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any elongated instrument
or probe, usually metallic, by which cavities of the body are sounded
or explored, especially the bladder for stone, or the urethra for a
stricture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>soun</i>, OF.
<i>son</i>, <i>sun</i>, F. <i>son</i>, fr. L. <i>sonus</i> akin to
Skr. <i>svana</i> sound, <i>svan</i> to sound, and perh. to E.
<i>swan</i>.  Cf. <u>Assonant</u>, <u>Consonant</u>, <u>Person</u>,
<u>Sonata</u>, <u>Sonnet</u>, <u>Sonorous</u>, <u>Swan</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The peceived object occasioned by the impulse
or vibration of a material substance affecting the ear; a sensation or
perception of the mind received through the ear, and produced by the
impulse or vibration of the air or other medium with which the ear is
in contact; the effect of an impression made on the organs of hearing
by an impulse or vibration of the air caused by a collision of bodies,
or by other means; noise; report; as, the <i>sound</i> of a drum; the
<i>sound</i> of the human voice; a horrid <i>sound</i>; a charming
<i>sound</i>; a sharp, high, or shrill <i>sound</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The warlike <i>sound</i><BR>
Of trumpets loud and clarions.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The occasion of sound; the impulse or
vibration which would occasion sound to a percipient if present with
unimpaired; hence, the theory of vibrations in elastic media such
cause sound; as, a treatise on <i>sound</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, sounds are spoken of as <i>audible</i> and
<i>inaudible</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Noise without signification; empty noise;
noise and nothing else.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sense and not <i>sound</i> . . . must be the
principle.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sound boarding</b></col>, <cd>boards for holding pugging,
placed in partitions of under floors in order to deaden sounds.</cd> -
- <col><b>Sound bow</b></col>, <cd>in a series of transverse sections
of a bell, that segment against which the clapper strikes, being the
part which is most efficacious in producing the sound. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bell</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sound post</b></col>.
<i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sounding post</i>, under
<u>Sounding</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sounen</i>,
<i>sownen</i>, OF. <i>soner</i>, <i>suner</i>, F. <i>sonner</i>, from
L. <i>sonare</i>. See <u>Sound</u> a noise.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a noise; to utter a voice; to make an impulse of the air
that shall strike the organs of hearing with a perceptible
effect.</def> "And first taught speaking trumpets how to
<i>sound</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How silver-sweet <i>sound</i> lovers'
tongues!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be conveyed in sound; to be spread or
published; to convey intelligence by sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From you <i>sounded</i> out the word of the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>1 Thess. i. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make or convey a certain impression, or
to have a certain import, when heard; hence, to seem; to appear; as,
this reproof <i>sounds</i> harsh; the story <i>sounds</i> like an
invention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good sir, why do you start, and seem to fear<BR>
Things that do <i>sound</i> so fair?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sound in</b></col> or <col><b>into</b></col>, <cd>to
tend to; to partake of the nature of; to be consonant with.</cd>
[Obs., except in the phrase To sound in damages, below.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Soun[d]ing in</i> moral virtue was his
speech.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To sound in damages</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to have
the essential quality of damages. This is said of an action brought,
not for the recovery of a specific thing, as replevin, etc., but for
damages only, as trespass, and the like.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sound</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
causse to make a noise; to play on; as, to <i>sound</i> a trumpet or a
horn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bagpipe well could he play and
<i>soun</i>[d].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to exit as a sound; as, to
<i>sound</i> a note with the voice, or on an instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To order, direct, indicate, or proclain by
a sound, or sounds; to give a signal for by a certain sound; as, to
<i>sound</i> a retreat; to <i>sound</i> a parley.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The clock <i>sounded</i> the hour of noon.</blockquote>
<i>G. H. Lewes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To celebrate or honor by sounds; to cause
to be reported; to publish or proclaim; as, to <i>sound</i> the
praises of fame of a great man or a great exploit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To examine the condition of (anything) by
causing the same to emit sounds and noting their character; as, to
<i>sound</i> a piece of timber; to <i>sound</i> a vase; to
<i>sound</i> the lungs of a patient.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To signify; to import; to denote.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Soun[d]ing</i> alway the increase of his
winning.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being sounded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dues for
soundings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound"-board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sounding-
board.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To many a row of pipes the <i>sound-board</i>
breathes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which; sounds; specifically, an instrument used in telegraphy in place
of a register, the communications being read by sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
herd of wild hogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making or emitting
sound; hence, sonorous; as, <i>sounding</i> words.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, sounds (in any of the senses
of the several verbs).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> [From <u>Sound</u> to fathom.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>measurement by sounding; also, the depth so
ascertained.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any place or part of the
ocean, or other water, where a sounding line will reach the bottom; --
usually in the plural.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The sand,
shells, or the like, that are brought up by the sounding lead when it
has touched bottom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sounding lead</b></col>, <cd>the plummet at the end of a
sounding line.</cd> -- <col><b>Sounding line</b></col>, <cd>a line
having a plummet at the end, used in making soundings.</cd> --
<col><b>Sounding post</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a small post in a
violin, violoncello, or similar instrument, set under the bridge as a
support, for propagating the sounds to the body of the instrument; --
called also <i>sound post</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sounding rod</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rod used to ascertain the depth of water in a
ship's hold.</cd> -- <col><b>In soundings</b></col>, <cd>within the
eighty-fathom line.</cd>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound"ing-board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A thin board which propagates
the sound in a piano, in a violin, and in some other musical
instruments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A board or structure placed behind or over
a pulpit or rostrum to give distinctness to a speaker's
voice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>See <i>Sound boarding</i>, under
<u>Sound</u>, a noise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable of
being sounded or fathomed; unfathomable.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sound"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no sound;
noiseless; silent.</def> -- <wf>Sound"less*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Sound"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sound"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sound
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being sound; as, the <i>soundness</i> of timber, of fruit, of the
teeth, etc.; the <i>soundness</i> of reasoning or argument;
<i>soundness</i> of faith.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Firmness; strength; solidity; healthiness; truth;
rectitude.</p>

<p><hw>Soune</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
sound.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sounst</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Soused. See
<u>Souse</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Soup</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>soupe</i>, OF.
<i>sope</i>, <i>supe</i>, <i>soupe</i>, perhaps originally, a piece of
bread; probably of Teutonic origin; cf. D. <i>sop</i> sop, G.
<i>suppe</i> soup. See <u>Sop</u> something dipped in a liquid, and
cf. <u>Supper</u>.] <def>A liquid food of many kinds, usually made by
boiling meat and vegetables, or either of them, in water, -- commonly
seasoned or flavored; strong broth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Soup kitchen</b></col>, <cd>an establishment for preparing
and supplying soup to the poor.</cd> -- <col><b>Soup ticket</b></col>,
<cd>a ticket conferring the privilege of receiving soup at a soup
kitchen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Soup</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sup or
swallow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soup</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To breathe out.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>amden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soup</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sweep. See
<u>Sweep</u>, and <u>Swoop</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Soupe`-mai"gre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Soup made chiefly from vegetables or fish with a
little butter and a few condiments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That part of a
flail which strikes the grain.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soup"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling soup;
souplike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sourer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sourest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sour</i>, <i>sur</i>, AS. <i>s&?;r</i>; akin to D. <i>zuur</i>, G.
<i>sauer</i>, OHG. <i>s&?;r</i>, Icel. <i>s&?;rr</i>, Sw. <i>sur</i>,
Dan. <i>suur</i>, Lith. <i>suras</i> salt, Russ. <i>surovui</i> harsh,
rough.  Cf. <u>Sorrel</u>, the plant.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
an acid or sharp, biting taste, like vinegar, and the juices of most
unripe fruits; acid; tart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>sour</i> things, as vinegar, provoke
appetite.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Changed, as by keeping, so as to be acid,
rancid, or musty, turned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Disagreeable; unpleasant; hence; cross;
crabbed; peevish; morose; as, a man of a <i>sour</i> temper; a
<i>sour</i> reply.</def> "A <i>sour</i> countenance."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a scholar . . . <BR>
Lofty and <i>sour</i> to them that loved him not,<BR>
But to those men that sought him sweet as summer.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Afflictive; painful.</def> "<i>Sour</i>
adversity."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Cold and unproductive; as, <i>sour</i>
land; a <i>sour</i> marsh.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sour dock</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>sorrel.</cd> --
<col><b>Sour gourd</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the gourdlike fruit
<i>Adansonia Gregorii</i>, and <i>A. digitata</i>; also, either of the
trees bearing this fruit. See <u>Adansonia</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sour
grapes</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Grape</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sour
gum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Turelo</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sour plum</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the edible acid fruit
of an Australian tree (<i>Owenia venosa</i>); also, the tree itself,
which furnished a hard reddish wood used by wheelwrights.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Acid; sharp; tart; acetous; acetose; harsh;
acrimonious; crabbed; currish; peevish.</p>

<p><hw>Sour</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sour or acid substance;
whatever produces a painful effect.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sour</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&?;rian</i> to
sour, to become sour.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to become
sour; to cause to turn from sweet to sour; as, exposure to the air
<i>sours</i> many substances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So the sun's heat, with different powers,<BR>
Ripens the grape, the liquor <i>sours</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make cold and unproductive, as
soil.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make unhappy, uneasy, or less
agreeable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>sour</i> your happiness I must report,<BR>
The queen is dead.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause or permit to become harsh or
unkindly.</def> "<i>Souring</i> his cheeks."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pride had not <i>sour'd</i> nor wrath debased my
heart.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To macerate, and render fit for plaster or
mortar; as, to <i>sour</i> lime for business purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Souring</u>.] <def>To become sour; to turn from sweet to sour; as,
milk soon <i>sours</i> in hot weather; a kind temper sometimes
<i>sours</i> in adversity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They keep out melancholy from the virtuous, and hinder
the hatred of vice from <i>souring</i> into severity.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Source</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sours</i>, OF.
<i>sourse</i>, <i>surse</i>, <i>sorse</i>, F. <i>source</i>, fr. OF.
<i>sors</i>, p. p. of OF. <i>sordre</i>, <i>surdre</i>,
<i>sourdre</i>, to spring forth or up, F. <i>sourdre</i>, fr. L.
<i>surgere</i> to lift or raise up, to spring up. See <u>Surge</u>,
and cf. <u>Souse</u> to plunge or swoop as a bird upon its prey.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of rising; a rise; an ascent.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore right as an hawk upon a <i>sours</i><BR>
Up springeth into the air, right so prayers . . . <BR>
Maken their <i>sours</i> to Goddes ears two.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The rising from the ground, or beginning,
of a stream of water or the like; a spring; a fountain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where as the Poo out of a welle small<BR>
Taketh his firste springing and his <i>sours</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Kings that rule<BR>
Behind the hidden <i>sources</i> of the Nile.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That from which anything comes forth,
regarded as its cause or origin; the person from whom anything
originates; first cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>source</i> of ideas every man has wholly in
himself.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>source</i> of Newton's light, of Bacon's
sense.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Origin</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sour"crout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sauerkraut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sourde</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>sourdre</i>.
See <u>Source</u>.] <def>To have origin or source; to rise; to
spring.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now might men ask whereof that pride
<i>sourdeth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sour"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
sour apple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat sour;
moderately acid; as, <i>sourish</i> fruit; a <i>sourish</i>
taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour"krout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Sauerkraut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sour manner;
with sourness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being sour.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sours</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Source. See
<u>Source</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sour"sop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
large succulent and slightly acid fruit of a small tree (<i>Anona
muricata</i>) of the West Indies; also, the tree itself. It is closely
allied to the custard apple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sour"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The sorrel tree.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sous</hw>, <hw>Souse</hw>  } (F. s&oomac;; <i>colloq.
Eng</i>. sous), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A corrupt form of Sou.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Colman, the Elder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sausse</i>. See
<u>Sauce</u>.] [Written also <i>souce</i>, <i>sowce</i>, and
<i>sowse</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pickle made with
salt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something kept or steeped in pickle; esp.,
the pickled ears, feet, etc., of swine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he that can rear up a pig in his house,<BR>
Hath cheaper his bacon, and sweeter his <i>souse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The ear; especially, a hog's ear.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of sousing; a plunging into
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Souse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Soused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sousing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>saucer</i> to wet with sauce. See
<u>Souse</u> pickle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To steep in pickle; to
pickle.</def> "A <i>soused</i> gurnet."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To plunge or immerse in water or any
liquid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>soused</i> me over head and ears in
water.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To drench, as by an immersion; to wet
throughly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Although I be well <i>soused</i> in this
shower.</blockquote> <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Probably fr. OF.
<i>sors</i>, p. p. of <i>sordre</i> to rise, and first used of an
upward swood, then of a swoop in general, but also confused with
<u>Souse</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> See <u>Source</u>.] <def>To
swoop or plunge, as a bird upon its prey; to fall suddenly; to rush
with speed; to make a sudden attack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For then I viewed his plunge and <i>souse</i><BR>
Into the foamy main.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jove's bird will <i>souse</i> upon the timorous
hare.</blockquote> <i>J. Dryden. Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pounce upon.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[The gallant monarch] like eagle o'er his serie
towers,<BR>
To <i>souse</i> annoyance that comes near his nest.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of sousing, or
swooping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a falcon fair<BR>
That once hath failed or her <i>souse</i> full near.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Souse</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a sudden swoop;
violently.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sous"lik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Suslik</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sout</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Soot.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sou`tache"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A kind of
narrow braid, usually of silk; -- also known as <i>Russian
braid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sout"age</hw> (? or ?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol.
uncertain.] <def>That in which anything is packed; bagging, as for
hops.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sou`tane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp.
<i>sotana</i>, or It. <i>sottana</i>, LL. <i>subtana</i>, fr. L.
<i>subtus</i> below, beneath, fr. <i>sub</i> under.] <i>(Eccl.
Costume)</i> <def>A close garnment with straight sleeves, and skirts
reaching to the ankles, and buttoned in front from top to bottom;
especially, the black garment of this shape worn by the clergy in
France and Italy as their daily dress; a cassock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sou"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>s&?;t&?;re</i>,
fr. It. <i>sutor</i>, fr. <i>suere</i> to sew.] <def>A shoemaker; a
cobbler.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no work better than another to please God: . .
. to wash dishes, to be a <i>souter</i>, or an apostle, -- all is
one.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sou"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a cobbler or cobblers; like a cobbler; hence, vulgar; low.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sou"ter*rain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Subterranean</u>.] <def>A grotto or cavern under ground.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>South</hw> (?; <i>by sailors</i> sou), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>south</i>, <i>su&thorn;</i>, AS. <i>s&umacr;&eth;</i> for
<i>sun&eth;</i>; akin to D. <i>zuid</i>, OHG. <i>sund</i>, G.
<i>s&uuml;d</i>, <i>s&uuml;den</i>, Icel. <i>su&eth;r</i>,
<i>sunnr</i>, Dan. <i>syd</i>, <i>s&ouml;nden</i>, Sw. <i>syd</i>,
<i>s&ouml;der</i>, <i>sunnan</i>; all probably akin to E. <i>sun</i>,
meaning, the side towards the sun. &radic;297. See <u>Sun</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That one of the four cardinal points directly
opposite to the north; the region or direction to the right or
direction to the right of a person who faces the east.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A country, region, or place situated
farther to the south than another; the southern section of a
country.</def> "The queen of the <i>south</i>."  <i>Matt. xii.
42.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: That part of the United
States which is south of Mason and Dixon's line. See under
<u>Line</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The wind from the south.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>South</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying toward the south;
situated at the south, or in a southern direction from the point of
observation or reckoning; proceeding toward the south, or coming from
the south; blowing from the south; southern; as, the <i>south</i>
pole.</def> "At the <i>south</i> entry."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>South-Sea tea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Yaupon</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>South</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Toward the south; southward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>From the south; as, the wind blows
<i>south</i>.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>South</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Southed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Southing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn or move toward the
south; to veer toward the south.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>To come to the meridian;
to cross the north and south line; -- said chiefly of the moon; as,
the moon <i>souths</i> at nine.</def></p>

<p><hw>South*cot"ti*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>A follower of Joanna <i>Southcott</i> (1750-1814), an
Englishwoman who, professing to have received a miraculous calling,
preached and prophesied, and committed many impious
absurdities.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the South Downs, a range of pasture hills south of the
Thames, in England.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Southdown sheep</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
celebrated breed of shortwooled, hornless sheep, highly valued on
account of the delicacy of their flesh. So called from the South Downs
where the breed originated.</cd></p>

<p><hw>South"down`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Southdown
sheep.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1376 !></p>

<p><hw>South`east"</hw> (?; <i>by sailors</i> sou"-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The point of the compass equally distant
from the south and the east; the southeast part or region.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`east</hw> (?; <i>by sailors</i> sou"-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the southeast;
proceeding toward, or coming from, the southeast; as, a
<i>southeast</i> course; a <i>southeast</i> wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`east"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A storm,
strong wind, or gale coming from the southeast.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`east"er</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
southeast.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`east"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the southeast; southeasterly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>South`east"ward</hw> (?), <hw>South`east"ward*ly</hw>  },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the southeast.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strong wind,
gale, or storm from the south.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"er*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being southerly; direction toward the
south.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"er*ly</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Southern.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ern</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>s&?;&?;ern</i>. See <u>South</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
south; situated in, or proceeding from, the south; situated or
proceeding toward the south.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Southern Cross</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a
constellation of the southern hemisphere containing several bright
stars so related in position as to resemble a cross.</cd> --
<col><b>Southern Fish</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a constelation
of the southern hemisphere (<i>Piscis Australis</i>) containing the
bright star Fomalhaut.</cd> -- <col><b>Southern States</b></col>
<i>(U.S. Hist. &amp; Geog.)</i>, <cd>the States of the American Union
lying south of Pennsylvania and the Ohio River, with Arkansas,
Louisiana, and Texas. Before the Civil War, Missouri also, being a
slave State, was classed as one of the Southern States.</cd></p>

<p><hw>South"ern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Southerner.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>South"ern*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant
or native of the south, esp. of the Southern States of North America;
opposed to <i>Northerner</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ern*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Southerliness.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ern*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
southern.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a southerly manner
or course; southward.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ern*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Farthest
south.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ern*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A shrubby species of wormwood (<i>Artemisia Abrotanum</i>) having
aromatic foliage. It is sometimes used in making beer.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ing</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tendency or progress southward; as, the
<i>southing</i> of the sun.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The time at which the moon, or other
heavenly body, passes the meridian of a place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Distance of any heavenly
body south of the equator; south declination; south
latitude.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Surv. &amp; Navigation)</i> <def>Distance
southward from any point departure or of reckoning, measured on a
meridian; -- opposed to <i>northing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Southerly.</def>
[Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><hw>South"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Farthest toward
the south; southernmost.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>South"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tendency in the
end of a magnetic needle to point toward the south pole.</def>
<i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>South"ren</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Southern.</def>
[Obs.] "I am a <i>Southren</i> man."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>South"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of
the more southern part of a country; formerly, a name given in
Scotland to any Englishman.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"say`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Soothsay</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>South"say`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Soothsayer</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>South` south"er*ly</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>the old
squaw; -- so called in imitation of its cry. Called also
<i>southerly</i>, and <i>southerland</i>. See under
<u>Old</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>South"ward</hw> (?; <i>colloq.</i> &?;), <hw>South"wards</hw>
(?; <i>colloq.</i> &?;) }, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
south, or toward a point nearer the south than the east or west point;
as, to go <i>southward</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ward</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
south.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"ward</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The southern regions
or countries; the south.</def>  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>South"ward*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a southern
direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`west</hw> (?; <i>colloq.</i> sou"-.),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The point of the compass equally from the
south and the west; the southwest part or region.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`west"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
in the direction of, the southwest; proceeding toward the southwest;
coming from the southwest; as, a <i>southwest</i> wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`west"er</hw> (?; <i>colloq</i>. &?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A storm, gale, or strong
wind from the southwest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hat made of painted canvas, oiled cloth,
or the like, with a flap at the back, -- worn in stormy
weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`west"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>To ward or
from the southwest; as, a <i>southwesterly</i> course; a
<i>southwesterly</i> wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>South`west"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the southwest; southwesterly; as, to sail a
<i>southwestern</i> course.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>South`west"ward</hw> (?), <hw>South`west"ward*ly</hw>  },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the southwest.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sou"ve*nance</hw> (?), <hw>So"ve*naunce</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>souvenance</i>.] <def>Remembrance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of his way he had no <i>sovenance</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sou`ve*nir</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>souvenir</i> to remember, fr. L. <i>subvenire</i> to come up, come
to mind; <i>sub</i> under + <i>venire</i> to come, akin to E.
<i>come</i>. <i>See</i> <u>Come</u>, and cf. <u>Subvention</u>.]
<def>That which serves as a reminder; a remembrancer; a memento; a
keepsake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sov"er*eign</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>soverain</i>, <i>sovereyn</i>, OF. <i>soverain</i>, <i>suvrain</i>,
F. <i>souverain</i>, LL. <i>superanus</i>, fr. L. <i>superus</i> that
is above, upper, higher, fr. <i>super</i> above. See <u>Over</u>,
<u>Super</u>, and cf. <u>Soprano</u>. The modern spelling is due to a
supposed connection with <i>reign</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Supreme or highest in power; superior to all others; chief; as,
our <i>sovereign</i> prince.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Independent of, and unlimited by, any
other; possessing, or entitled to, original authority or jurisdiction;
as, a <i>sovereign</i> state; a <i>sovereign</i> discretion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Princely; royal.</def> "Most
<i>sovereign</i> name."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At Babylon was his <i>sovereign</i> see.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Predominant; greatest; utmost;
paramount.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We acknowledge him [God] our <i>sovereign</i>
good.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Efficacious in the highest degree;
effectual; controlling; as, a <i>sovereign</i> remedy.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a <i>sovereign</i> influence has this passion upon
the regulation of the lives and actions of men.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sovereign state</b></col>, <cd>a state which administers
its own government, and is not dependent upon, or subject to, another
power.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sov"er*eign</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The person, body, or state in which
independent and supreme authority is vested; especially, in a
monarchy, a king, queen, or emperor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No question is to be made but that the bed of the
Mississippi belongs to the <i>sovereign</i>, that is, to the
nation.</blockquote> <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gold coin of Great Britain, on which an
effigy of the head of the reigning king or queen is stamped, valued at
one pound sterling, or about $4.86.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any butterfly of the
tribe <i>Nymphalidi</i>, or genus <i>Basilarchia</i>, as the ursula
and the viceroy.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- King; prince; monarch; potentate; emperor.</p>

<p><hw>Sov"er*eign*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
exercise supreme authority.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sov"er*eign*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sovereign
manner; in the highest degree; supremely.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sov"er*eign*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sovereignties</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>soverainetee</i>, OF.
<i>sovrainet&eacute;</i>, F. <i>souverainet&eacute;</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being sovereign, or of being a sovereign; the
exercise of, or right to exercise, supreme power; dominion; sway;
supremacy; independence; also, that which is sovereign; a sovereign
state; as, Italy was formerly divided into many
<i>sovereignties</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Woman desiren to have <i>sovereignty</i><BR>
As well over their husband as over their love.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sov"ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Sovereign</u>.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>On thy bald, awful head, O <i>sovran</i>
Blanc.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sew. See
<u>Sew</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sowe</i>,
<i>suwe</i>, AS. <i>sugu</i>, akin to <i>s&umacr;</i>, D. <i>zog</i>,
<i>zeug</i>, OHG. <i>s&umacr;</i>, G. <i>sau</i>, Icel.
<i>s&ymacr;r</i>, Dan. <i>so</i>, Sw. <i>sugga</i>, <i>so</i>, L.
<i>sus</i>. Gr. <grk>"y^s</grk>, <grk>sy^s</grk>, Zend. hu boar;
probably from the root seen in Skr. <i>s&umacr;</i> to beget, to bear;
the animal being named in allusion to its fecundity. &radic;294.  Cf.
<u>Hyena</u>, <u>Soil</u> to stain, <u>Son</u>, <u>Swine</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The female of swine, or of
the hog kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sow bug.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
channel or runner which receives the rows of molds in the pig
bed.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bar of metal which remains in
such a runner.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A mass of solidified
metal in a furnace hearth; a salamander.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A kind of covered shed,
formerly used by besiegers in filling up and passing the ditch of a
besieged place, sapping and mining the wall, or the like.</def>
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sow bread</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cyclamen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sow bug</b></col>, or
<col><b>Sowbug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous
species of terrestrial Isopoda belonging to <i>Oniscus</i>,
<i>Porcellio</i>, and allied genera of the family
<i>Oniscid&aelig;</i>. They feed chiefly on decaying vegetable
substances.</cd> -- <col><b>Sow thistle</b></col> [AS.
<i>sugepistel</i>] <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a composite plant (<i>Sonchus
oleraceus</i>) said to be eaten by swine and some other
animals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Sowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sown</u> (?) or
<u>Sowed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sowing</u>.] [OE.
<i>sowen</i>, <i>sawen</i>, AS. <i>s&amacr;wan</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>s&?;a</i>, D. <i>zaaijen</i>, OS. &amp; HG. <i>s&amacr;jan</i>, G.
<i>s&auml;en</i>, Icel. <i>s&amacr;</i>, Sw. <i>s&aring;</i>, Dan.
<i>saae</i>, Goth. <i>saian</i>, Lith. <i>s&emacr;ti</i>, Russ.
<i>sieiate</i>, L. <i>serere</i>, <i>sevi</i>.  Cf. <u>Saturday</u>,
<u>Season</u>, <u>Seed</u>, <u>Seminary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To scatter, as seed, upon the earth; to plant by strewing; as, to
<i>sow</i> wheat. Also used figuratively: To spread abroad; to
propagate.</def> "He would <i>sow some difficulty</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sower went forth to <i>sow</i>; and when he
<i>sowed</i>, some seeds fell by the wayside.</blockquote> <i>Matt.
xiii. 3, 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>sow</i> dissension in the hearts of
brothers.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To scatter seed upon, in, or over; to
supply or stock, as land, with seeds. Also used figuratively: To
scatter over; to besprinkle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The intellectual faculty is a goodly field, . . . and
it is the worst husbandry in the world to <i>sow</i> it with
trifles.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] <i>sowed</i> with stars the heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now morn . . . <i>sowed</i> the earth with orient
pearl.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To scatter seed for
growth and the production of a crop; -- literally or
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that <i>sow</i> in tears shall reap in
joi.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxvi. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow"ans</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sowens</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sow"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>saw&amacr;r</i>
a horseman.] <def>In India, a mounted soldier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sow"bane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
red goosefoot (<i>Chenopodium rubrum</i>), -- said to be fatal to
swine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sowce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Souse</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sow"dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>soudan</i>. See
<u>Soldan</u>.] <def>Sultan.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow"dan*esse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sultaness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow"ens</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Scottish; cf.
AS. <i>se&aacute;w</i> juice, glue, paste.] <def>A nutritious article
of food, much used in Scotland, made from the husk of the oat by a
process not unlike that by which common starch is made; -- called
<i>flummery</i> in England.</def> [Written also <i>sowans</i>, and
<i>sowins</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, sows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sow"ins</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sowens</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sowl</hw>, <hw>Sowle</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Cf. prov. G. <i>zaulen</i>, <i>zauseln</i>, G. <i>zausen</i> to tug,
drag.] <def>To pull by the ears; to drag about.</def> [Obs.]
<i>hak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sowl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Soul</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sown</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sowne</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
sound.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sowse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Souse</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>ryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sow"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Souter</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chinese
<i>sh&omacr;y&umacr;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Chinese and
Japanese liquid sauce for fish, etc., made by subjecting boiled beans
(esp. soja beans), or beans and meal, to long fermentation and then
long digestion in salt and water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The soja, a kind of bean. See
<u>Soja</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>assoil</i>.] <def>To solve, to clear up; as, to <i>soyl</i> all
other texts.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tyndate.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soyle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Soil</u> to feed.]
<def>Prey.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soyn"ed</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>soigner</i>
to care.] <def>Filled with care; anxious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mir. for
Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Freq. from
<i>soss</i>, v.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To splash or wet carelessly;
as, to <i>sozzle</i> the feet in water.</def> [Local, U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To heap up in confusion.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Soz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who spills water or other liquids carelessly; specifically, a sluttish
woman.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mass, or heap, confusedly mingled.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spa</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spring or
mineral water; -- so called from a place of this name in
Belgium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spaad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>spath</i> spar.
See <u>Spar</u> the mineral.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of spar; earth
flax, or amianthus.</def> [Obs.]  <i>oodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Space</hw> (sp&amacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>space</i>, F. <i>espace</i>, from L. <i>spatium</i> space; cf. Gr.
<grk>spa^n</grk> to draw, to tear; perh. akin to E. <i>span</i>.  Cf.
<u>Expatiate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extension, considered
independently of anything which it may contain; that which makes
extended objects conceivable and possible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pure <i>space</i> is capable neither of resistance nor
motion.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Place, having more or less extension;
room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They gave him chase, and hunted him as hare;<BR>
Long had he no <i>space</i> to dwell [in].</blockquote> <i>R. of
Brunne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While I have time and <i>space</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A quantity or portion of extension;
distance from one thing to another; an interval between any two or
more objects; as, the <i>space</i> between two stars or two hills; the
sound was heard for the <i>space</i> of a mile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put a <i>space</i> betwixt drove and
drove.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxii. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Quantity of time; an interval between two
points of time; duration; time.</def> "Grace God gave him here, this
land to keep long <i>space</i>."  <i>R. of brunne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nine times the <i>space</i> that measures day and
night.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God may defer his judgments for a time, and give a
people a longer <i>space</i> of repentance.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A short time; a while.</def> [R.] "To stay
your deadly strife a <i>space</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Walk; track; path; course.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This ilke [same] monk let old things pace,<BR>
And held after the new world the <i>space</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
piece of metal cast lower than a face type, so as not to receive the
ink in printing, -- used to separate words or letters.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The distance or interval between words or
letters in the lines, or between lines, as in books.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Spaces are of different thicknesses to enable the compositor
to arrange the words at equal distances from each other in the same
line.</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One of the intervals, or open
places, between the lines of the staff.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Absolute space</b></col>, <col><b>Euclidian
space</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Absolute</u>, <u>Euclidian</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Space line</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a thin
piece of metal used by printers to open the lines of type to a regular
distance from each other, and for other purposes; a lead.</cd>
<i>Hansard.</i> -- <col><b>Space rule</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a
fine, thin, short metal rule of the same height as the type, used in
printing short lines in tabular matter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Space</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>espacier</i>,
L. <i>spatiari</i>. See <u>Space</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
walk; to rove; to roam.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And loved in forests wild to <i>space</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Space</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spacong</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>espacer</i>. See <u>Space</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To arrange or adjust the
spaces in or between; as, to <i>space</i> words, lines, or
letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Space"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wide;
extensive.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Space"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without space.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spa"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spatial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spatially</u>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spa"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spatiousus</i>:
cf. F. <i>spacieux</i>. See <u>Space</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extending far and wide; vast in extent.</def>
"A <i>spacious</i> plain outstretched in circuit wide."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inclosing an extended space; having large
or ample room; not contracted or narrow; capacious; roomy; as,
<i>spacious</i> bounds; a <i>spacious</i> church; a <i>spacious</i>
hall.</def> -- <wf>Spa"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spa"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Spa`das`sin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It.
<i>spadaccino</i> a swordsman, from <i>spada</i> a sword.] <def>A
bravo; a bully; a duelist.</def>  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
spade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Spay</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
hart or stag three years old.</def> [Written also <i>spaid</i>,
<i>spayade</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. L. <i>spado</i>.] <def>A castrated man or
beast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sp&aelig;d</i>;
<i>spada</i>; akin to D. <i>spade</i>, G. <i>spaten</i>, Icel.
<i>spa&eth;i</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>spade</i>, L. <i>spatha</i> a spatula,
a broad two-edged sword, a spathe, Gr. <grk>spa`qh</grk>.  Cf.
<u>Epaulet</u>, <u>Spade</u> at cards, <u>Spathe</u>, <u>Spatula</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An implement for digging or cutting the
ground, consisting usually of an oblong and nearly rectangular blade
of iron, with a handle like that of a shovel.</def> "With <i>spade</i>
and pickax armed."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Sp. <i>espada</i>, literally, a sword; -- so
caused because these cards among the Spanish bear the figure of a
sword. Sp. <i>espada</i> is fr. L. <i>spatha</i>, Gr.
<grk>spa`qh</grk>. See the Etymology above.] <def>One of that suit of
cards each of which bears one or more figures resembling a
spade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Let <i>spades</i> be trumps!" she said.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cutting instrument used in flensing a
whale.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spade bayonet</b></col>, <cd>a bayonet with a broad blade
which may be used digging; -- called also <i>trowel bayonet</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Spade handle</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>the forked end
of a connecting rod in which a pin is held at both ends. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <i>Knuckle joint</i>, under <u>Knuckle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1377 !></p>

<p><hw>Spade</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spading</u>.] <def>To dig with a spade; to pare off the sward of,
as land, with a spade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spade"bone`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Shoulder
blade.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spade"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An American market fish (<i>Ch&aelig;todipterus faber</i>) common
on the southern coasts; -- called also <i>angel fish</i>,
<i>moonfish</i>, and <i>porgy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spade"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of burrowing toads of the genus <i>Scaphiopus</i>,
esp. <i>S. Holbrookii</i>, of the Eastern United States; -- called
also <i>spade toad</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spade"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spadefuls</b></plw> (#). [<i>Spade</i> + <i>full</i>.] <def>As
much as a spade will hold or lift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, spades; specifically, a digging machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa*di"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spadix</i>,
<i>-icis</i>, a date-brown or nut-brown color. See <u>Spadix</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of a bright clear brown or chestnut
color.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing flowers on a spadix;
of the nature of a spadix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa"di*cose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Spadiceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa*dille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Sp.
<i>espadilla</i>, dim. of <i>espada</i>. See <u>Spade</u> a card.]
<i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>The ace of spades in omber and
quadrille.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa"dix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Spadices</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Spadixes</b></plw> (#).
[L., a palm branch broken off, with its fruit, Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fleshy spike of flowers,
usually inclosed in a leaf called a <i>spathe</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A special organ of the
nautilus, due to a modification of the posterior tentacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spa"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spadones</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Same as <u>Spade</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An impotent person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa*droon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. &amp; Sp.
<i>espadon</i>, It. <i>spadone</i>. See <u>Espadon</u>, <u>Spade</u>.]
<def>A sword, especially a broadsword, formerly used both to cut and
thrust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spae</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spaed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spaeing</u>.] [Scot. <i>spae</i>, <i>spay</i>, to foretell, to
divine, Icel. <i>sp&amacr;</i>.] <def>To foretell; to divine.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Spae"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A prophet; a
diviner.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Spae"wife`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female fortune
teller.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>||Spa*ghet"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A
variety or macaroni made in tubes of small diameter.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spa*gyr"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Spa*gyr"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>sparygicus</i>, fr. Gr. &?; to draw, to
separate + &?; to assemble; cf. F. <i>spagirique</i>.] <def>Chemical;
alchemical.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spa*gyr"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spagyrist.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spag"y*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>spagiriste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chemist, esp. one
devoted to alchemistic pursuits.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of a sect which arose in the days of
alchemy, who sought to discover remedies for disease by chemical
means.  The spagyrists historically preceded the iatrochemists.</def>
<i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Spa"hi</hw> (?), <hw>||Spa"hee</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per., Turk., &amp; Hind. <i>sip&amacr;h&imacr;</i>:
cf. F. <i>spahi</i>. See <u>Seroy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Formerly, one of the Turkish cavalry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An Algerian cavalryman in the French
army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spaid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Spade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spake</hw> (?), archaic <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Speak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spake"net`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A net for catching crabs.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Specky.</def> [Obs.]
<i>hapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spald"ing knife`</hw> (?). <def>A spalting knife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Spell</u> a
splinter.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lath; a shaving or chip, as of
wood or stone.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A strengthening cross
timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espaule</i>; cf.
It. <i>spalla</i>. See <u>Epaule</u>.] <def>The shoulder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spall</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>spall</i>,
<i>spell</i>. See <u>Spale</u>, <u>Spell</u> a splinter.] <def>A chip
or fragment, especially a chip of stone as struck off the block by the
hammer, having at least one feather-edge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spall</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>To break into small pieces, as ore, for the
purpose of separating from rock.</def>  <i>Pryce.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To reduce, as irregular
blocks of stone, to an approximately level surface by
hammering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spall</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give off spalls, or
wedge-shaped chips; -- said of stone, as when badly set, with the
weight thrown too much on the outer surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spal"peen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>spailpin</i>,
fr. <i>spailp</i> a beau, pride, self-conceit.] <def>A scamp; an Irish
term for a good-for-nothing fellow; -- often used in good-humored
contempt or ridicule.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spalt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>spalt</i>stein,
from <i>spalten</i> to split. See 1st <u>Spell</u>.] <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>Spelter.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spalt</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Spell</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Liable to break or split; brittle; as,
<i>spalt</i> timber.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Heedless; clumsy; pert; saucy.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spalt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>spalden</i>. See <u>Spalt</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To split
off; to cleave off, as chips from a piece of timber, with an ax.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spalt"ing knife`</hw> (?). <def>A knife used in splitting
codfish.</def> [Written also <i>spalding knife</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Span</hw> (?), archaic <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spann</i>; akin to D.
<i>span</i>, OHG. <i>spanna</i>, G. <i>spanne</i>, Icel.
<i>sp&ouml;nn</i>. &radic;170. See <u>Span</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The space from the thumb to the
end of the little finger when extended; nine inches; eighth of a
fathom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a small space or a brief portion of
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet not to earth's contracted <i>span</i><BR>
Thy goodness let me bound.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Life's but a <i>span</i>; I'll every inch
enjoy.</blockquote> <i>Farquhar.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The spread or extent of an arch between its
abutments, or of a beam, girder, truss, roof, bridge, or the like,
between its supports.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope having its ends made
fast so that a purchase can be hooked to the bight; also, a rope made
fast in the center so that both ends can be used.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Cf. D. <i>span</i>, Sw. <i>spann</i>, Dan.
<i>sp&aelig;nd</i>, G. <i>gespann</i>. See <u>Span</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> ] <def>A pair of horses or other animals driven together;
usually, such a pair of horses when similar in color, form, and
action.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Span blocks</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>blocks at the
topmast and topgallant-mast heads, for the studding-sail
halyards.</cd> -- <col><b>Span counter</b></col>, <cd>an old English
child's game, in which one throws a counter on the ground, and another
tries to hit it with his counter, or to get his counter so near it
that he can span the space between them, and touch both the
counters.</cd> <i>Halliwell.</i> "Henry V., in whose time boys went to
<i>span counter</i> for French crowns." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Span
iron</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a special kind of harpoon, usually
secured just below the gunwale of a whaleboat.</cd> -- <col><b>Span
roof</b></col>, <cd>a common roof, having two slopes and one ridge,
with eaves on both sides.</cd> <i>Gwilt.</i> -- <col><b>Span
shackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a large bolt driven through the
forecastle deck, with a triangular shackle in the head to receive the
heel of the old-fashioned fish davit.</cd> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spanned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spanning</u>.] [AS. <i>pannan</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>spannen</i>,
OHG. <i>spannan</i>, Sw. <i>sp&auml;nna</i>, Dan. <i>sp&aelig;nde</i>,
Icel. <i>spenna</i>, and perh. to Gr. &?; to draw, to drag, L.
<i>spatium</i> space. &radic;170.  Cf. <u>Spin</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, <u>Space</u>, <u>Spasm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
measure by the span of the hand with the fingers extended, or with the
fingers encompassing the object; as, to <i>span</i> a space or
distance; to <i>span</i> a cylinder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My right hand hath <i>spanned</i> the
heavens.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xiviii. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reach from one side of to the order; to
stretch over as an arch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rivers were <i>spanned</i> by arches of solid
masonry.</blockquote> <i>prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fetter, as a horse; to hobble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be matched, as
horses.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Spa*n&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; scarce + &?; blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition of
impoverishment of the blood; a morbid state in which the red
corpuscles, or other important elements of the blood, are
deficient.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Spa*n&aelig;"mic</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to span&aelig;mia; having
impoverished blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps <i>span</i> +
AS. <i>s&amacr;l</i> a rope.] <def>A rope used for tying or hobbling
the legs of a horse or cow.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Local, U.S.]
  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"cel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spanceled</u> (?) or <u>Spancelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Spanceling</u> or <u>Spancelling</u>.] <def>To
tie or hobble with a spancel.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Local, U.S.]
<i>Malone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"dogs`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A pair of
grappling dogs for hoisting logs and timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"drel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Span</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The irregular triangular space
between the curve of an arch and the inclosing right angle; or the
space between the outer moldings of two contiguous arches and a
horizontal line above them, or another arch above and inclosing
them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow mat or passe partout for a
picture.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Spane</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Akin to G.
<i>sp&auml;nen</i>, LG. &amp; D. <i>spennen</i>, AS. <i>spanu</i> a teat.]
<def>To wean.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spang</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spangle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spang</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To spring; to bound;
to leap.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But when they <i>spang</i> o'er reason's fence,<BR>
We smart for't at our own expense.</blockquote> <i>Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bound or spring.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spange</i> a clasp or
fastening; akin to D. <i>spang</i>, G. <i>spange</i>, OHG.
<i>spanga</i>, Icel. <i>sp&ouml;ng</i> a spangle.] <def>A spangle or
shining ornament.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With glittering <i>spangs</i> that did like stars
appear.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spangel</i>,
dim. of AS. <i>spange</i>. See <u>Spang</u> a spangle.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small plate or boss of shining metal;
something brilliant used as an ornament, especially when stitched on
the dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, any little thing that
sparkless.</def> "The rich <i>spangles</i> that adorn the sky."
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Oak spangle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Oak</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Span"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spangled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spangling</u> (?).] <def>To set or sprinkle with, or as with,
spangles; to adorn with small, distinct, brilliant bodies; as, a
<i>spangled</i> breastplate.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What stars do <i>spangle</i> heaven with such
beauty?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spangled coquette</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
tropical humming bird (<i>Lophornis regin&aelig;</i>). See
<u>Coquette</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Span"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To show brilliant
spots or points; to glisten; to glitter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some men by feigning words as dark as mine<BR>
Make truth to <i>spangle</i>, and its rays to shine.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, spangles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"gly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling, or
consisting of, spangles; glittering; as, <i>spangly</i>
light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"iard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"iel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espagneul</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;pagneul</i>, <i>espagnol</i> Spanish, Sp.
<i>espa&ntilde;nol</i>, fr. <i>Espa&ntilde;a</i> Spain, from L.
<i>Hispania</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a
breed of small dogs having long and thick hair and large drooping
ears. The legs are usually strongly feathered, and the tail bushy. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Clumber</u>, and <u>Cocker</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are several varieties of spaniels, some of which,
known as <i>field spaniels</i>, are used in hunting; others are used
for toy or pet dogs, as the Blenheim spaniel, and the King Charles
spaniel (see under <u>Blenheim</u>). Of the field spaniels, the larger
kinds are called <i>springers</i>, and to these belong the Sussex,
Norfolk, and Clumber spaniels (see <u>Clumber</u>). The smaller field
spaniels, used in hunting woodcock, are called <i>cocker spaniels</i>
(see Cocker). Field spaniels are remarkable for their activity and
intelligence.</p>

<p><blockquote>As a <i>spaniel</i> she will on him leap.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cringing, fawning person.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"iel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cringing;
fawning.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"iel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fawn; to cringe;
to be obsequious.</def> [R.]  <i>Churchill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"iel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To follow like a
spaniel.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Span"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Spain or the Spaniards.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spanish bayonet</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a liliaceous
plant (<i>Yucca alorifolia</i>) with rigid spine-tipped leaves. The
name is also applied to other similar plants of the Southwestern
United States and mexico. Called also <i>Spanish daggers</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See the Note under
<u>Bean</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish black</b></col>, <cd>a black
pigment obtained by charring cork.</cd> <i>Ure.</i> -- <col><b>Spanish
broom</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leguminous shrub (<i>Spartium
junceum</i>) having many green flexible rushlike twigs.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish brown</b></col>, <cd>a species of earth used in
painting, having a dark reddish brown color, due to the presence of
sesquioxide of iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish buckeye</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small tree (<i>Ungnadia speciosa</i>) of Texas,
New Mexico, etc., related to the buckeye, but having pinnate leaves
and a three-seeded fruit.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish burton</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a purchase composed of two single blocks. A
<i>double Spanish burton</i> has one double and two single
blocks.</cd> <i>Luce (Textbook of Seamanship).</i> -- <col><b>Spanish
chalk</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a kind of steatite; -- so called
because obtained from Aragon in Spain.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish
cress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a cruciferous plant (<i>lepidium
Cadamines</i>), a species of peppergrass.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish
curiew</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the long-billed curlew.</cd>
[U.S.] -- <col><b>Spanish daggers</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Spanish bayonet</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish elm</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a large West Indian tree (<i>Cordia
Gerascanthus</i>) furnishing hard and useful timber.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish feretto</b></col>, <cd>a rich reddish brown pigment
obtained by calcining copper and sulphur together in closed
crucibles.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish flag</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the California rockfish (<i>Sebastichthys rubrivinctus</i>). It is
conspicuously colored with bands of red and white.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a brilliant
green beetle, common in the south of Europe, used for raising
blisters. See <i>Blister beetle</i> under <u>Blister</u>, and
<u>Cantharis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish fox</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a yarn twisted against its lay.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Esparto</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish juice</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>licorice.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish leather</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Cordwain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish mackerel</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A species of mackerel
(<i>Scomber colias</i>) found both in Europe and America. In America
called <i>chub mackerel</i>, <i>big-eyed mackerel</i>, and <i>bull
mackerel</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In the United States, a
handsome mackerel having bright yellow round spots (<i>Scomberomorus
maculatus</i>), highly esteemed as a food fish. The name is sometimes
erroneously applied to other species. See <i>Illust.</i> under
Mackerel.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish main</b></col>, <cd>the name
formerly given to the southern portion of the Caribbean Sea, together
with the contiguous coast, embracing the route traversed by Spanish
treasure ships from the New to the Old World.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish
moss</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Tillandsia</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish needles</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a composite weed
(<i>Bidens bipinnata</i>) having achenia armed with needlelike
awns.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
bulbous plant (<i>Iris Sisyrinchium</i>) of the south of Europe.</cd>
-- <col><b>Spanish potato</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the sweet
potato. See under <u>Potato</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish
red</b></col>, <cd>an ocherous red pigment resembling Venetian red,
but slightly yellower and warmer.</cd> <i>Fairholt.</i> --
<col><b>Spanish reef</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a knot tied in the
head of a jib-headed sail.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish sheep</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a merino.</cd> -- <col><b>Spanish
white</b></col>, <cd>an impalpable powder prepared from chalk by
pulverizing and repeated washings, -- used as a white pigment.</cd> --
<col><b>Spanish windlass</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a wooden
roller, with a rope wound about it, into which a marline spike is
thrust to serve as a lever.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Span"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of
Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spank</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spanked</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spanking</u>.] [Of unknown origin; cf. LG. <i>spakken</i>,
<i>spenkern</i>, to run and spring about quickly.] <def>To strike, as
the breech, with the open hand; to slap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blow with the open
hand; a slap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move with a quick,
lively step between a trot and gallop; to move quickly.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spank"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who spanks, or anything used as an instrument for
spanking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The after sail of a ship or
bark, being a fore-and-aft sail attached to a boom and gaff; --
sometimes called <i>driver</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Sail</u>.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who takes long, quick strides in
walking; also, a fast horse.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something very large, or larger than
common; a whopper, as a stout or tall person.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Spanker boom</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a boom to which
a spanker sail is attached. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Ship</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spank"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small coin.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spank"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moving with a quick, lively pace, or capable of so doing;
dashing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Four <i>spanking</i> grays ready
harnessed.</blockquote> <i>G. Colman, the Younger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Large; considerable.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spanking breeze</hw> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <def>a strong
breeze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being spanned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, spans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The lock of a fusee or carbine; also, the
fusee or carbine itself.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An iron instrument having a jaw to fit a
nut or the head of a bolt, and used as a lever to turn it with; a
wrench; specifically, a wrench for unscrewing or tightening the
couplings of hose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A contrivance in some of the
ealier steam engines for moving the valves for the alternate admission
and shutting off of the steam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"-new`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>sp&amacr;nn&?;r</i>, properly, new as a ship just split;
<i>sp&amacr;nn</i> chip + <i>n&?;r</i> new. See <u>Spoon</u>, and
<u>New</u>.] <def>Quite new; brand-new; fire-new.</def> "A <i>span-
new</i> archbishop's chair."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"nish*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From OF.
<i>espanir</i> to spread, F. <i>&eacute;panou&?;</i>. See
<u>Expand</u>.] <def>The full blooming of a flower.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Span"piece</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The collar of a roof; sparpiece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Span"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The larva of any geometrid moth, as the cankeworm; a geometer; a
measuring worm.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1378 !></p>

<p><hw>Spar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sp&aelig;r</i> in
<i>sp&aelig;rst&amacr;n</i> chalkstone; akin to MHG. <i>spar</i>, G.
<i>spar</i>kalk plaster.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An old name for a
nonmetallic mineral, usually cleavable and somewhat lustrous; as, calc
<i>spar</i>, or calcite, fluor <i>spar</i>, etc.  It was especially
used in the case of the gangue minerals of a metalliferous
vein.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blue spar</b></col>, <col><b>Cube spar</b></col>, <cd>etc.
See under <u>Blue</u>, <u>Cube</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sparre</i>; akin to D.
<i>spar</i>, G. <i>sparren</i>, OHG. <i>sparro</i>, Dan.& Sw.
<i>sparre</i>, Icel. <i>sparri</i>; of uncertain origin. &?; 171.  Cf.
<u>Spar</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A general term any round piece of timber used as a
mast, yard, boom, or gaff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Formerly, a piece of timber,
in a general sense; -- still applied locally to rafters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The bar of a gate or door.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spar buoy</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a buoy anchored by
one end so that the other end rises above the surface of the
water.</cd> -- <col><b>Spar deck</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the
upper deck of a vessel; especially, in a frigate, the deck which is
continued in a straight line from the quarter-deck to the forecastle,
and on which spare spars are usually placed. See under
<u>Deck</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spar torpedo</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a torpedo carried on the end of a spar usually projecting from the
bow of a vessel, and intended to explode upon contact with an enemy's
ships.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sparren</i>, AS.
<i>sparrian</i>; akin to G. <i>sperren</i>, Icel. <i>sperra</i>; from
the noun. &radic;171. See <u>Spara</u> beam, bar.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bolt; to bar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To To supply or equip with spars, as a
vessel.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A vessel equipped with spars that are too large or too small
is said to be <i>oversparred</i> or <i>undersparred</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Spar</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sparred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sparring</u>.] [Of uncertain origin; cf. OF. <i>esparer</i> to
kick, F. <i>&eacute;parer</i>, or Icel. <i>sperra</i> to stretch out
the legs, to struggle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with the
feet or spurs, as cocks do.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use the fists and arms scientifically in
attack or defense; to contend or combat with the fists, as for
exercise or amusement; to box.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Made believe to <i>spar</i> at Paul with great
science.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To contest in words; to wrangle.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
contest at sparring or boxing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A movement of offense or defense in
boxing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from
<i>sparrow bill</i>.] <def>A kind of small nail used by
shoemakers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"a*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small California surf fish (<i>Micrometrus aggregatus</i>); --
called also <i>shiner</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"a*drap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sparadrap</i>; cf. It. <i>sparadrappo</i>, NL. <i>sparadrapa</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cerecloth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any adhesive
plaster.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spar"age</hw> (?; 48), <hw>Spar"a*gus</hw> (?),
<hw>Spar"a*grass`</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Obs. or
corrupt forms of <u>Asparagus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>esparpiller</i> to scatter, F. <i>&eacute;parpiller</i>.] <def>To
scatter; to disperse; to rout.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king's host was <i>sparbled</i> and
chased.</blockquote> <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spare</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sparing</u>.] [AS. <i>sparian</i>, fr. <i>sp&aelig;r</i> spare,
sparing, saving; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>sparen</i>, OHG. <i>spar&?;n</i>,
Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>spara</i>, Dan. <i>spare</i> See <u>Spare</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To use frugally or
stintingly, as that which is scarce or valuable; to retain or keep
unused; to save.</def> "No cost would he <i>spare</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Thou] thy Father's dreadful thunder didst not
<i>spare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that hath knowledge, <i>spareth</i> his
words.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xvii. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep to one's self; to forbear to impart
or give.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be pleased your plitics to <i>spare</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spare</i> my sight the pain<BR>
Of seeing what a world of tears it costs you.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To preserve from danger or punishment; to
forbear to punish, injure, or harm; to show mercy to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spare</i> us, good Lord.</blockquote> <i>Book of
Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dim sadness did not <i>spare</i><BR>
That time celestial visages.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man alone can whom he conquers
<i>spare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To save or gain, as by frugality; to
reserve, as from some occupation, use, or duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the time he could <i>spare</i> from the necessary
cares of his weighty charge, he &?;estowed on . . . serving of
God.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To deprive one's self of, as by being
frugal; to do without; to dispense with; to give up; to part
with.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where angry Jove did never <i>spare</i><BR>
One breath of kind and temperate air.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I could have better <i>spared</i> a better
man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To spare one's self</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
act with reserve.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her thought that a lady should <i>her
spare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To save one's self labor, punishment, or
blame.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spare</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be frugal; not to be profuse; to live frugally; to be
parsimonious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I, who at some times spend, at others <i>spare</i>,<BR>
Divided between carelessness and care.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refrain from inflicting harm; to use
mercy or forbearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will not <i>spare</i> in the day of
vengeance.</blockquote> <i>Prov. vi. 34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To desist; to stop; to refrain.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spare</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sparer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sparest</u>; -- not
used in all the senses of the word.] [AS. <i>sp&aelig;r</i> sparing.
Cf. <u>Spare</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Scanty; not abundant or plentiful; as, a <i>spare</i>
diet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sparing; frugal; parsimonious;
chary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was <i>spare</i>, but discreet of
speech.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being over and above what is necessary, or
what must be used or reserved; not wanted, or not used; superfluous;
as, I have no <i>spare</i> time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If that no <i>spare</i> clothes he had to
give.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Held in reserve, to be used in an
emergency; as, a <i>spare</i> anchor; a <i>spare</i> bed or
room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Lean; wanting flesh; meager; thin;
gaunt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, give me the <i>spare</i> men, and spare me the great
ones.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Slow.</def> [Obs. or prov. Eng.]
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of sparing; moderation; restraint.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Killing for sacrifice, without any
<i>spare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Parsimony; frugal use.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Poured out their plenty without spite or
<i>spare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An opening in a petticoat or gown; a
placket.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which has not been used or
expended.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Tenpins)</i> <def>The right of bowling again
at a full set of pins, after having knocked all the pins down in less
than three bowls. If all the pins are knocked down in one bowl it is a
<i>double spare</i>; in two bowls, a <i>single spare</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Spare"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sparing;
chary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spare"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spare"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unsparing.</def>
<i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spare"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a spare manner;
sparingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spare"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>sp&aelig;rnis</i> frugality.] <def>The quality or state of being
lean or thin; leanness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spares.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spare"rib`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spare</i>, a. +
<i>rib</i>.] <def>A piece of pork, consisting or ribs with little
flesh on them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sparge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>spargere</i>;
cf. F. <i>asperger</i>.] <def>To sprinkle; to moisten by sprinkling;
as, to <i>sparge</i> paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar`ge*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spargere</i> to strew + <i>facere</i>, <i>factum</i>, to make.]
<def>The act of sprinkling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spar"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>asperger</i>
to sprinkle, L. <i>aspergere</i>, <i>spargere</i>.] <def>A vessel with
a perforated cover, for sprinkling with a liquid; a
sprinkler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"hawk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sperhauke</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sparrow hawk.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar"-hung`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hung with spar,
as a cave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spare; saving;
frugal; merciful.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spar"ing*ly</wf>, adv. -- <wf>Spar"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spark</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sparke</i>, AS.
<i>spearca</i>; akin to D. <i>spark</i>, <i>sperk</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>spraka</i> to crackle, Lith. <i>sprag&euml;ti</i>, Gr. &?; a
bursting with a noise, Skr. <i>sph&?;rj</i> to crackle, to thunder.
Cf. <u>Speak</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small particle of fire or
ignited substance which is emitted by a body in combustion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man is born unto trouble, as the <i>sparks</i> fly
upward.</blockquote> <i>Job v. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small, shining body, or transient light;
a sparkle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which, like a spark, may be kindled
into a flame, or into action; a feeble germ; an elementary
principle.</def> "If any <i>spark</i> of life be yet remaining."
<i>Shak.</i> "Small intellectual <i>spark</i>." <i>Macaulay.</i>
"Vital <i>spark</i> of heavenly flame." <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have here and there a little clear light, some
<i>sparks of bright knowledge</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bright gem instinct with music, vocal
<i>spark</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spark arrester</b></col>, <cd>a contrivance to prevent the
escape of sparks while it allows the passage of gas, -- chiefly used
in the smokestack of a wood-burning locomotive. Called also <i>spark
consumer</i>.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spark</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>sparkr</i> lively,
sprightly.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A brisk, showy, gay man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The finest <i>sparks</i> and cleanest
beaux.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lover; a gallant; a beau.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spark</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sparkle.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spark</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the spark,
beau, or lover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sure sign that his master was courting, or, as it is
termed, <i>sparking</i>, within.</blockquote> <i>W. Irwing.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spark"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spark
arrester.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spark"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lively; brisk;
gay.</def> [Obs.] "Our <i>sparkful</i> youth."  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spark"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Like a spark; airy; gay.</def>  <i>W. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Showy; well-dresed; fine.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spar"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>spark</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little spark; a scintillation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As fire is wont to quicken and go<BR>
From a <i>sparkle</i> sprungen amiss,<BR>
Till a city brent up is.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The shock was sufficiently strong to strike out some
<i>sparkles</i> of his fiery temper.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Brilliancy; luster; as, the <i>sparkle</i>
of a diamond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sparkled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sparkling</u> (?).] [See <u>Sparkle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
Spark of fire.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To emit sparks; to throw off
ignited or incandescent particles; to shine as if throwing off sparks;
to emit flashes of light; to scintillate; to twinkle; as, the blazing
wood <i>sparkles</i>; the stars <i>sparkle</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mantelet upon his shoulder hanging<BR>
Bretful of rubies red, as fire <i>sparkling</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To manifest itself by, or as if by,
emitting sparks; to glisten; to flash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I see bright honor <i>sparkle</i> through your
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To emit little bubbles, as certain kinds of
liquors; to effervesce; as, <i>sparkling</i> wine.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To shine; glisten; scintillate; radiate; coruscate;
glitter; twinkle.</p>

<p><hw>Spar"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To emit in the form
or likeness of sparks.</def> "Did <i>sparkle</i> forth great light."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spar"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sparble</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To disperse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Landgrave hath <i>sparkled</i> his army without any
further enterprise.</blockquote> <i>State Papers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To scatter on or over.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Purchas.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spar"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who scatters;
esp., one who scatters money; an improvident person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar"kler</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, sparkles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"kler</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
tiger beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spark"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
spark.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spark"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Vivacity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Aubrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spar"kling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Emitting sparks;
glittering; flashing; brilliant; lively; as, <i>sparkling</i> wine;
<i>sparkling</i> eyes.</def> -- <wf>Spar"kling*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Spar"kling*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Brilliant; shining. See <u>Shining</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Spar"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to G.
<i>spierling</i>, <i>spiering</i>, D. <i>spiering</i>: cf. F.
<i>&eacute;perlan</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The European smelt (<i>Osmerus eperlanus</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A young salmon.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A tern.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar"lyre`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spear-
lira</i>.] <def>The calf of the leg.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (Deut.
xxviii. 35).</i></p>

<p><hw>Spa"roid</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sparus</i>
the gilthead + <i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>sparo&iuml;de</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the <i>Sparid&aelig;</i>,
a family of spinous-finned fishes which includes the scup, sheepshead,
and sea bream.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
<i>Sparid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The collar beam of a roof; the spanpiece.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spar"poil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sparble</u>.] <def>To scatter; to spread; to disperse.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sparwe</i>, AS.
<i>spearwa</i>; akin to OHG. <i>sparo</i>, G. <i>sper</i>ling, Icel.
<i>sp&ouml;rr</i>, Dan. <i>spurv</i>, <i>spurre</i>, Sw. <i>sparf</i>,
Goth. <i>sparwa</i>; -- originally, probably, the quiverer or
flutterer, and akin to E. <i>spurn</i>. See <u>Spurn</u>, and cf.
<u>Spavin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
many species of small singing birds of the family
<i>Fringillig&aelig;</i>, having conical bills, and feeding chiefly on
seeds. Many sparrows are called also <i>finches</i>, and
<i>buntings</i>. The common sparrow, or house sparrow, of Europe
(<i>Passer domesticus</i>) is noted for its familiarity, its voracity,
its attachment to its young, and its fecundity. See <i>House
sparrow</i>, under <u>House</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The following American species are well known; the
<i>chipping sparrow</i>, or <i>chippy</i>, the <i>sage sparrow</i>,
the <i>savanna sparrow</i>, the <i>song sparrow</i>, the <i>tree
sparrow</i>, and the <i>white-throated sparrow</i> (see <u>Peabody
bird</u>). See these terms under <u>Sage</u>, <u>Savanna</u>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
small singing birds somewhat resembling the true sparrows in form or
habits, as the European hedge sparrow. See under
<u>Hedge</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that doth the ravens feed,<BR>
Yea, providently caters for the <i>sparrow</i>,<BR>
Be comfort to my age!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Field sparrow</b></col>, <col><b>Fox sparrow</b></col>,
etc. <cd>See under <u>Field</u>, <u>Fox</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Sparrow bill</b></col>, <cd>a small nail; a castiron shoe
nail; a sparable.</cd> -- <col><b>Sparrow hawk</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small European hawk
(<i>Accipiter nisus</i>) or any of the allied species.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A small American falcon (<i>Falco
sparverius</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The Australian collared
sparrow hawk (<i>Accipiter torquatus</i>).</cd> The name is applied to
other small hawks, as the European kestrel and the New Zealand quail
hawk. -- <col><b>Sparrow owl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
small owl (<i>Glaucidium passerinum</i>) found both in the Old World
and the New. The name is also applied to other species of small
owls.</cd> -- <col><b>Sparrow spear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the female of the reed bunting.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar"row*grass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from
<i>asparagus</i>.] <def>Asparagus.</def> [Colloq.] See the Note under
<u>Asparagus</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Spar"row*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An evergreen shrub of the genus <i>Erica</i> (<i>E.
passerina</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Spar</u>.]
<def>Resembling spar, or consisting of spar; abounding with spar;
having a confused crystalline structure; spathose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sparry iron</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>siderite. See
<u>Siderite</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sparry
limestone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a coarsely crystalline
marble.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sparse</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sparser</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sparsest</u>.] [L. <i>sparsus</i>, p. p.
of <i>spargere</i> to strew, scatter.  Cf. <u>Asperse</u>,
<u>Disperse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thinly scattered; set or
planted here and there; not being dense or close together; as, a
<i>sparse</i> population.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Placed irregularly and
distantly; scattered; -- applied to branches, leaves, peduncles, and
the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sparse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>sparsus</i>, p. p.
of <i>spargere</i> to scatter.] <def>To scatter; to disperse.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spars"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Sparsely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sparse"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a scattered or
sparse manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sparse"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sparse; as, <i>sparseness</i> of population.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spar"sim</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>spargere</i> to scatter.] <def>Sparsely; scatteredly; here and
there.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Spartanus</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Sparta, especially to ancient Sparta; hence,
hardy; undaunted; as, <i>Spartan</i> souls; <i>Spartan</i>
bravey.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Sparta; figuratively, a person of great courage and
fortitude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"te*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A narcotic alkaloid extracted from the tops of the common broom
(<i>Cytisus scoparius</i>, formerly <i>Spartium scoparium</i>), as a
colorless oily liquid of aniline-like odor and very bitter
taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spar"ter*ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from Sp.
<i>esparto</i> esparto, L. <i>spartum</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Articles
made of the blades or fiber of the <i>Lygeum Spartum</i> and <i>Stipa
(or Macrochloa) tenacissima</i>, kinds of grass used in Spain and
other countries for making ropes, mats, baskets, nets, and
mattresses.</def>  <i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sparth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>spar&?;a</i>.] <def>An Anglo-Saxon battle-ax, or halberd.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He hath a <i>sparth</i> of twenty pound of
weight.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1379 !></p>

<p><hw>Sparve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The hedge sparrow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spar"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sparing;
parsimonious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>spasme</i>, L.
<i>spasmus</i>, Gr. &?;, from &?;, &?;, to draw, to cause convulsion.
Cf. <u>Span</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An involuntary and unnatural contraction of one or
more muscles or muscular fibers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Spasm are usually either <i>clonic</i> or <i>tonic</i>. In
<i>clonic spasm</i>, the muscles or muscular fibers contract and relax
alternately in very quick succession. In <i>tonic spasm</i>, the
contraction is steady and uniform, and continues for a comparatively
long time, as in tetanus.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden, violent, and temporary effort or
emotion; as, a <i>spasm</i> of repentance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cynic spasm</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Cynic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spasm of the chest</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Angina pectoris</i>, under <u>Angina</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spas*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Spasmodic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spas"mod"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; a
convulsion + &?; likeness: cf. F. <i>spasmotique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to spasm;
consisting in spasm; occuring in, or characterized by, spasms; as, a
<i>spasmodic</i> asthma.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soon relaxed or exhausted; convulsive;
intermittent; as, <i>spasmodic</i> zeal or industry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spasmodic croup</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an affection
of childhood characterized by a stoppage of brathing developed
suddenly and without fever, and produced by spasmodic contraction of
the vocal cords. It is sometimes fatal. Called also <i>laryngismus
stridulus</i>, and <i>childcrowing</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spasmodic
stricture</b></col>, <cd>a stricture caused by muscular spasm without
structural change. See <i>Organic stricture</i>, under
<u>Organic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spas*mod"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine for spasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spas*mod"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Spasmodic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> </def>--
<wf>Spas*mod"ic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spasticus</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to draw: cf. F. <i>spastique</i>. See <u>Spasm</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to spasm; spasmodic; especially,
pertaining to tonic spasm; tetanic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spas"tic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Spasmodically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spas*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A state of spasm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tendency to, or capability of
suffering, spasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Spit</u>.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the root of <i>spit</i>;
hence, literally, that which is ejected.] <def>A young oyster or other
bivalve mollusk, both before and after it first becomes adherent, or
such young, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To emit spawn; to
emit, as spawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pat</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A light blow with something flat.</def> [U.S.
& Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a petty combat, esp. a verbal one; a
little quarrel, dispute, or dissension.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dispute.</def> [R.]
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spatted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spatting</u>.] <def>To slap, as with the open hand; to clap
together; as the hands.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Little Isabel leaped up and down, <i>spatting</i> her
hands.</blockquote> <i>Judd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spa*tan"goid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Spatangoidea.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Spatangoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spat`an*goi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Spatangus</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of irregular sea urchins, usually having a more or less heart-shaped
shell with four or five petal-like ambulacra above. The mouth is
edentulous and situated anteriorly, on the under side.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spa*tan"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>spatangius</i> a kind of sea urchin, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of heart-shaped sea urchins belonging to the
Spatangoidea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spatch"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spitchcock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Celtic origin; cf. Ir.
<i>speid</i>.] <def>A river flood; an overflow or inundation.</def>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gareth in a showerful spring<BR>
Stared at the <i>spate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Spa"tha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spath&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
spathe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa*tha"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having a spathe; resembling a spathe; spathal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa"thal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Furnished with a spathe; as, <i>spathal</i> flowers.</def>
<i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spathe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spatha</i>, Gr.
&?;: cf. F. <i>spathe</i>. See <u>Spade</u> for digging.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A special involucre formed of one leaf and
inclosing a spadix, as in aroid plants and palms. See the Note under
<u>Bract</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Spadix</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also given to the several-leaved involucre of
the iris and other similar plants.</p>

<p><hw>Spathed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having a spathe or calyx like a sheath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spath"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>spathique</i>, fr. F. &amp; G. <i>spath</i> spar.] <def>Like spar;
foliated or lamellar; spathose.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spathic iron</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>siderite. See
<u>Siderite</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spath"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>spathiforme</i>.] <def>Resembling spar in form.</def> "The
ocherous, <i>spathiform</i>, and mineralized forms of uranite."
<i>Lavoisier (Trans.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Spath"ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Spathic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spath"ose`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Spathe</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a spathe; resembling a spathe; spatheceous;
spathal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spath"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Spathose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spath"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spatulate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to space.</def> "<i>Spatial</i> quantity and relations."  <i>L. H.
Atwater.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spa"tial*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As regards
space.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spa"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spatiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>spatiari</i>, fr. <i>spatiatum</i>. See
<u>Space</u>.] <def>To rove; to ramble.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spattered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spattering</u>.] [From the root of <i>spit</i> salvia.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sprinkle with a liquid or with any wet
substance, as water, mud, or the like; to make wet of foul spots upon
by sprinkling; as, to <i>spatter</i> a coat; to <i>spatter</i> the
floor; to <i>spatter</i> boots with mud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon any occasion he is to be <i>spattered</i> over
with the blood of his people.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To distribute by sprinkling; to sprinkle
around; as, to <i>spatter</i> blood.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To injure by aspersion; to defame; to
soil; also, to throw out in a defamatory manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To throw something
out of the mouth in a scattering manner; to sputter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That mind must needs be irrecoverably depraved, which,
. . . tasting but once of one just deed, <i>spatters</i> at it, and
abhors the relish ever after.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spat"ter*dashed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing
spatterdashes.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spat"ter*dash`es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[<i>Spatter</i> + <i>dash</i>.] <def>Coverings for the legs, to
protect them from water and mud; long gaiters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat`ter-dock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The common yellow water lily (<i>Nuphar advena</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Spawl;
spittle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spat"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
spatula.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Pottery)</i> <def>A tool or implement for
mottling a molded article with coloring matter</def>
<i>Knoght.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spat"tling-pop"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>spattle</i> to spit + E. <i>poppy</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind
of catchfly (<i>Silene inflata</i>) which is sometimes frothy from the
action of captured insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat"u*la</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spatula</i>, <i>spathula</i>, dim. of <i>spatha</i> a spatula: F.
<i>spatule</i>. See <u>Spade</u> for digging.] <def>An implement
shaped like a knife, flat, thin, and somewhat flexible, used for
spreading paints, fine plasters, drugs in compounding prescriptions,
etc.  Cf. <i>Palette knife</i>, under <u>Palette</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>spatulatus</i>.] <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Shaped like spatula, or
like a battledoor, being roundish, with a long, narrow, linear
base.</def> [Also written <i>spathulate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Spauld</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Spall</u> the
shoulder.] <def>The shoulder.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Spav"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spaveyne</i>,
OF. <i>esparvain</i>, F. <i>&eacute;parvin</i>; akin to OF.
<i>espervier</i> a sparrow hawk, F. <i>&eacute;pervier</i>, fr. OHG.
<i>sparw&amacr;ri</i> (G. <i>sperber</i>), fr. OHG. <i>sparo</i>
sparrow, because this disease makes the horse raise the infirm leg in
the manner of a sparrow hawk or sparrow. See <u>Sparrow</u>.]
<i>(Far.)</i> <def>A disease of horses characterized by a bony
swelling developed on the hock as the result of inflammation of the
bones; also, the swelling itself. The resulting lameness is due to the
inflammation, and not the bony tumor as popularly supposed.</def>
<i>Harbaugh.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bog spavin</b></col>, <cd>a soft swelling produced by
distention of the capsular ligament of the hock; -- called also
<i>blood spavin</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bone spavin</b></col>, <cd>spavin
attended with exostosis; ordinary spavin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spav"ined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
spavin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A splinter or
fragment, as of wood or stone. See <u>Spall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spawl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>sp&amacr;tl</i>,
fr. <i>sp&aemacr;tan</i> to spit; probably akin to
<i>sp&imacr;wan</i>, E. <i>spew</i>.  Cf. <u>Spew</u>.] <def>Scattered
or ejected spittle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spawl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spawled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spawling</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>sp&amacr;tlian</i>.] <def>To scatter
spittle from the mouth; to spit, as saliva.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why must he sputter, <i>spawl</i>, and slaver it<BR>
In vain, against the people's favorite.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spawl"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
spawled, or spit out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spawn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spawned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spawning</u>.] [OE. <i>spanen</i>, OF. <i>espandre</i>, properly,
to shed, spread, L. <i>expandere</i> to spread out. See
<u>Expand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To produce or deposit (eggs),
as fishes or frogs do.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth; to generate; -- used in
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One edition [of books] <i>spawneth</i>
another.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spawn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
deposit eggs, as fish or frogs do.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To issue, as offspring; -- used
contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spawn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [&radic;170. See <u>Spawn</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The ova, or eggs, of
fishes, oysters, and other aquatic animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any product or offspring; -- used
contemptuously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>The buds or branches
produced from underground stems.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The white fibrous matter
forming the matrix from which fungi.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spawn eater</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
American cyprinoid fish (<i>Notropis Hudsonius</i>) allied to the
dace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spawn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A mature female fish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The barbel, for the preservation or their seed, both
the <i>spawner</i> and the milter, cover their spawn with
sand.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whatever produces spawn of any
kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spay</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spaying</u>.] [Cf. Armor. <i>spac'hein</i>, <i>spaza</i> to geld,
W. <i>dyspaddu</i> to geld, L. <i>spado</i> a eunuch, Gr. &?;.]
<def>To remove or extirpate the ovaries of, as a sow or a bitch; to
castrate (a female animal).</def></p>

<p><hw>Spay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Spade</u> a spay,
<u>Spay</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
male of the red deer in his third year; a spade.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spay"ad</hw> (?), <hw>Spay"ade</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Spoke</u> (?) (<u>Spake</u> (&?;) Archaic); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Spoken</u> (?) (<u>Spoke</u>, Obs. or Colloq.); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Speaking</u>.] [OE. <i>speken</i>, AS.
<i>specan</i>, <i>sprecan</i>; akin to OF.ries. <i>spreka</i>, D.
<i>spreken</i>, OS. <i>spreken</i>, G. <i>sprechen</i>, OHG.
<i>sprehhan</i>, and perhaps to Skr. <i>sph&umacr;rj</i> to crackle,
to thunder.  Cf. <u>Spark</u> of fire, <u>Speech</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter words or articulate sounds, as human
beings; to express thoughts by words; as, the organs may be so
obstructed that a man may not be able to <i>speak</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till at the last <i>spake</i> in this
manner.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Speak</i>, Lord; for thy servant
heareth.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. iii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express opinions; to say; to talk; to
converse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That fluid substance in a few minutes begins to set, as
the tradesmen <i>speak</i>.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An honest man, is able to <i>speak</i> for himself,
when a knave is not.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>During the century and a half which followed the
Conquest, there is, to <i>speak</i> strictly, no English
history.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter a speech, discourse, or harangue;
to adress a public assembly formally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many of the nobility made themselves popular by
<i>speaking</i> in Parliament against those things which were most
grateful to his majesty.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To discourse; to make mention; to
tell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lycan <i>speaks</i> of a part of C&aelig;sar's army
that came to him from the Leman Lake.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To give sound; to sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make all our trumpets <i>speak</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To convey sentiments, ideas, or
intelligence as if by utterance; as, features that <i>speak</i> of
self-will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thine eye begins to <i>speak</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To speak of</b></col>, <cd>to take account of, to make
mention of.</cd> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i> -- <col><b>To speak
out</b></col>, <cd>to speak loudly and distinctly; also, to speak
unreservedly.</cd> -- <col><b>To speak well for</b></col>, <cd>to
commend; to be favorable to.</cd> -- <col><b>To speak with</b></col>,
<cd>to converse with.</cd> "Would you <i>speak with</i> me?"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To say; tell; talk; converse; discourse; articulate;
pronounce; utter.</p>

<p><hw>Speak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To utter with the mouth; to pronounce; to utter articulately, as
human beings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They sat down with him upn ground seven days and seven
nights, and none <i>spake</i> a word unto him.</blockquote> <i>Job.
ii. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter in a word or words; to say; to
tell; to declare orally; as, to <i>speak</i> the truth; to
<i>speak</i> sense.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To declare; to proclaim; to publish; to
make known; to exhibit; to express in any way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is my father;s muste<BR>
To <i>speak</i> your deeds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Speaking</i> a still good morrow with her
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And for the heaven's wide circuit, let it
<i>speak</i><BR>
The maker's high magnificence.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Report <i>speaks</i> you a bonny monk.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To talk or converse in; to utter or
pronounce, as in conversation; as, to <i>speak</i> Latin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And French she <i>spake</i> full fair and
fetisely.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To address; to accost; to speak
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He will] thee in hope; he will <i>speak</i> thee
fair.</blockquote> <i>Ecclus. xiii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>each village senior paused to scan<BR>
And <i>speak</i> the lovely caravan.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To speak a ship</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to hail and
speak to her captain or commander.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Speak"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being spoken; fit to be spoken.</def>
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Able to speak.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who speaks.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
who utters or pronounces a discourse; usually, one who utters a speech
in public; as, the man is a good <i>speaker</i>, or a bad
<i>speaker</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who is the
mouthpiece of others; especially, one who presides over, or speaks
for, a delibrative assembly, preserving order and regulating the
debates; as, the <i>Speaker</i> of the House of Commons, originally,
the mouthpiece of the House to address the king; the <i>Speaker</i> of
a House of Representatives.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A book of selections for declamation.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Speak"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
speaker; as, the <i>speakership</i> of the House of
Representatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Uttering speech; used for conveying speech; as, man is a
<i>speaking</i> animal; a <i>speaking</i> tube.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Seeming to be capable of speech; hence,
lifelike; as, a <i>speaking</i> likeness.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A speaking acquaintance</b></col>, <cd>a slight
acquaintance with a person, or one which merely permits the exchange
of salutations and remarks on indifferent subjects.</cd> --
<col><b>Speaking trumpet</b></col>, <cd>an instrument somewhat
resembling a trumpet, by which the sound of the human voice may be so
intensified as to be conveyed to a great distance.</cd> --
<col><b>Speaking tube</b></col>, <cd>a tube for conveying speech,
especially from one room to another at a distance.</cd> -- <col><b>To
be on speaking terms</b></col>, <cd>to be slightly
acquainted.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Speak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of uttering words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Public declamation; oratory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spere</i>, AS.
<i>spere</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>speer</i>, OS. &amp; OHS. <i>sper</i>,
Icel. spj&ouml;r, pl., Dan. <i>sp&aelig;r</i>, L. <i>sparus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long, pointed weapon, used in war and
hunting, by thrusting or throwing; a weapon with a long shaft and a
sharp head or blade; a lance.</def> [See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Spearhead</u>.] "A sharp ground <i>spear</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their
<i>spears</i> into pruning hooks.</blockquote> <i>Micah iv. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A spearman.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sharp-pointed instrument with barbs, used
for stabbing fish and other animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A shoot, as of grass; a spire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The feather of a horse. See <u>Feather</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The rod to which the bucket, or plunger, of
a pump is attached; a pump rod.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spear foot</b></col>, <cd>the off hind foot of a
horse.</cd> -- <col><b>Spear grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The common reed. See <u>Reed</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>meadow grass.
See under <u>Meadow</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spear hand</b></col>, <cd>the
hand in which a horseman holds a spear; the right hand.</cd>
<i>Crabb.</i> -- <col><b>Spear side</b></col>, <cd>the male line of a
family.</cd> <i>Lowell.</i> -- <col><b>Spear thistle</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common thistle (<i>Cnicus
lanceolatus</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Speared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spearing</u>.] <def>To pierce with a spear; to kill with a spear;
as, to <i>spear</i> a fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shoot into a long
stem, as some plants. See <u>Spire</u>.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spear"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses a
spear; as, a <i>spearer</i> of fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large and powerful fish (<i>Tetrapturus
albidus</i>) related to the swordfish, but having scales and ventral
fins. It is found on the American coast and the Mediterranean.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The carp sucker.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1380 !></p>

<p><hw>Spear"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The pointed
head, or end, of a spear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spearmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who is armed with a
spear.</def>  <i>Acts xxiii. 23.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spear"mint`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from its
<i>spiry</i>, not capitate, inflorescence. <i>Dr. Prior.</i>]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of mint (<i>Mentha viridis</i>) growing
in moist soil. It vields an aromatic oil. See <u>Mint</u>, and
<u>Mentha</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An Australian tree (<i>Acacia Doratoxylon</i>), and its tough
wood, used by the natives for spears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sperewyrt</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to several species
of crowfoot (<i>Ranunculus</i>) which have spear-shaped
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spear"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form of
a spear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spece</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Species; kind.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Specht</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Speight</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A woodpecker.</def> [Obs. or prov. Eng.]
<i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>specialis</i>,
fr. <i>species</i> a particular sort, kind, or quality: cf. F.
<i>sp&eacute;cial</i>. See <u>Species</u>, and cf. <u>Especial</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a species; constituting a
species or sort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>special</i> is called by the schools a
"species".</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Particular; peculiar; different from
others; extraordinary; uncommon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our Savior is represented everywhere in Scripture as
the <i>special</i> patron of the poor and the afficted.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To this <i>special</i> evil an improvement of style
would apply a <i>special</i> redress.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appropriate; designed for a particular
purpose, occasion, or person; as, a <i>special</i> act of Parliament
or of Congress; a <i>special</i> sermon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Limited in range; confined to a definite
field of action, investigation, or discussion; as, a <i>special</i>
dictionary of commercial terms; a <i>special</i> branch of
study.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Chief in excellence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king hath drawn<BR>
The <i>special</i> head of all the land together.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Special administration</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an
administration limited to certain specified effects or acts, or one
granted during a particular time or the existence of a special cause,
as during a controversy respecting the probate of a will, or the right
of administration, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Special agency</b></col>,
<cd>an agency confined to some particular matter.</cd> --
<col><b>Special bail</b></col>, <col><b>Bail above</b></col>, or
<col><b>Bail to the action</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>sureties who
undertake that, if the defendant is convicted, he shall satisfy the
plaintiff, or surrender himself into custody.</cd> <i>Tomlins. Wharton
(Law Dict.).</i> -- <col><b>Special constable</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Constable</u>.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> -- <col><b>Special
damage</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a damage resulting from the act
complained of, as a natural, but not the necessary, consequence of
it.</cd> -- <col><b>Special demurrer</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
demurrer for some defect of form in the opposite party pleading, in
which the cause of demurrer is particularly stated.</cd> --
<col><b>Special deposit</b></col>, <cd>a deposit made of a specific
thing to be kept distinct from others.</cd> -- <col><b>Special
homology</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Homology</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Special injuction</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an injuction
granted on special grounds, arising of the circumstances of the
case.</cd> <i>Daniell.</i> -- <col><b>Special issue</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an issue produced upon a special plea.</cd>
<i>Stephen.</i> -- <col><b>Special jury</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
jury consisting of persons of some particular calling, station, or
qualification, which is called upon motion of either party when the
cause is supposed to require it; a struck jury.</cd> --
<col><b>Special orders</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>orders which do
not concern, and are not published to, the whole command, such as
those relating to the movement of a particular corps, a detail, a
temporary camp, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Special partner</b></col>, <cd>a
limited partner; a partner with a limited or restricted
responsibility; -- unknown at common law.</cd> -- <col><b>Special
partnership</b></col>, <cd>a limited or particular partnership; -- a
term sometimes applied to a partnership in a particular business,
operation, or adventure.</cd> -- <col><b>Special plea in bar</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a plea setting forth particular and new matter,
distinguished from the general issue.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> --
<col><b>Special pleader</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>originally, a
counsel who devoted himself to drawing special counts and pleas; in a
wider sense, a lawyer who draws pleadings.</cd> -- <col><b>Special
pleading</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the allegation of special or new
matter, as distingiushed from a direct denial of matter previously
alleged on the side.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> <cd>The popular denomination
of the whole science of pleading.</cd> <i>Stephen.</i> <cd>The phrase
is sometimes popularly applied to the specious, but unsound,
argumentation of one whose aim is victory, and not truth.</cd>
<i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Special property</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>a qualified or limited ownership possession, as in wild animals,
things found or bailed.</cd> -- <col><b>Special session</b></col>,
<cd>an extraordinary session; a session at an unusual time or for an
unusual purpose; as, a <i>special session</i> of Congress or of a
legislature.</cd> -- <col><b>Special statute</b></col>, or
<col><b>Special law</b></col>, <cd>an act of the legislature which has
reference to a particular person, place, or interest; -- in
distinction from a <i>general law</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Special
verdict</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a special finding of the facts of
the case, leaving to the court the application of the law to
them.</cd> <i>Wharton (Law Dict.).</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Peculiar; appropriate; specific; dictinctive;
particular; exceptional; singular. See <u>Peculiar</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
particular.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One appointed for a special service or
occasion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In special</b></col>, <cd>specially; in particular.</cd>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Devotion to a
particular and restricted part or branch of knowledge, art, or
science; as, medical <i>specialism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
devotes himself to some specialty; as, a medical <i>specialist</i>,
one who devotes himself to diseases of particular parts of the body,
as the eye, the ear, the nerves, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe`ci*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Specialities</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Special</u>, and
<u>Specialty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A particular or peculiar
case; a particularity.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>See <u>Specialty</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The special or peculiar mark or
characteristic of a person or thing; that for which a person is
specially distinguished; an object of special attention; a special
occupation or object of attention; a specialty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On these two general heads all other
<i>specialities</i> are depedent.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Strive, while improving your one talent, to enrich your
whole capital as a man. It is in this way that you escape from the
wretched narrow-mindedness which is the characteristic of every one
who cultivates his <i>speciality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We 'll say, instead, the inconsequent creature man, -
<BR>
For that'a his <i>speciality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Think of this, sir, . . . remote from the impulses of
passion, and apart from the <i>specialities</i> -- if I may use that
strong remark -- of prejudice.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An attribute or quality peculiar to a
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe`cial*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of specializing, or the state of being
spezialized.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The setting apart of a
particular organ for the performance of a particular function.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mention specially; to
particularize.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To apply to some specialty or limited
object; to assign to a specific use; as, <i>specialized</i>
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>To supply with an organ or
organs having a special function or functions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a special manner; particularly; especially.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>For a particular purpose; as, a meeting of
the legislature is <i>specially</i> summoned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cial*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Specialties</b></plw> (#). [F.
<i>sp&eacute;cialit</i>&eacute;.  Cf. <u>Speciality</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Particularity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Specialty</i> of rule hath been
neglected.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particular or peculiar case.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A contract or obligation under
seal; a contract by deed; a writing, under seal, given as security for
a debt particularly specified.</def>  <i>Chitty.</i>  <i>Bouvier.</i>
<i>Wharton (Law Dict.).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let <i>specialties</i> be therefore drawn between
us.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That for which a person is distinguished,
in which he is specially versed, or which he makes an object of
special attention; a speciality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of boundless knowledge, like Humbold, must have had
once their <i>specialty</i>, their pet subject.</blockquote> <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Spe"ci*e</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>abl.</i></pos> of L.
<i>species</i> sort, kind. Used in the phrase <i>in specie</i>, that
is, in sort, in kind, in (its own) form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"[The king] expects a return in <i>specie</i> from
them" [<i>i. e.</i>, kindness for kindness].</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In specie</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>in precise or
definite form; specifically; according to the exact terms; of the very
thing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed as a singular
from <i>species</i>, in sense 5.] <def>Coin; hard money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [L., a
sight, outward appearance, shape, form, a particular sort, kind, or
quality, a species. See <u>Spice</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Specie</u>, <u>Special</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Visible or
sensible presentation; appearance; a sensible percept received by the
imagination; an image.</def> [R.] "The <i>species</i> of the letters
illuminated with indigo and violet."  <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wit, . . . the faculty of imagination in the writer,
which searches over all the memory for the <i>species</i> or ideas of
those things which it designs to represent.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the scholastic philosophy, the species was
<i>sensible</i> and <i>intelligible</i>. The <i>sensible</i> species
was that in any material, object which was in fact discerned by the
mind through the organ of perception, or that in any object which
rendered it possible that it should be perceived. The sensible
species, as apprehended by the understanding in any of the relations
of thought, was called an <i>intelligible</i> species. "An apparent
diversity between the <i>species</i> visible and audible is, that the
visible doth not mingle in the medium, but the audible doth."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A group of individuals
agreeing in common attributes, and designated by a common name; a
conception subordinated to another conception, called a genus, or
generic conception, from which it differs in containing or
comprehending more attributes, and extending to fewer individuals.
Thus, <u>man</u> is a <i>species</i>, under <u>animal</u> as a
<i>genus</i>; and <i>man</i>, in its turn, may be regarded as a
<i>genus</i> with respect to <u>European</u>, <u>American</u>, or the
like, as <i>species</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In science, a more or less permanent group
of existing things or beings, associated according to attributes, or
properties determined by scientific observation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In mineralogy and chemistry, objects which possess the same
definite chemical structure, and are fundamentally the same in
crystallization and physical characters, are classed as belonging to a
<i>species</i>. In zo&ouml;logy and botany, a <i>species</i> is an
ideal group of individuals which are believed to have descended from
common ancestors, which agree in essential characteristics, and are
capable of indefinitely continued fertile reproduction through the
sexes. A <i>species</i>, as thus defined, differs from a
<i>variety</i> or <i>subspecies</i> only in the greater stability of
its characters and in the absence of individuals intermediate between
the related groups.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sort; a kind; a variety; as, a
<i>species</i> of low cunning; a <i>species</i> of generosity; a
<i>species</i> of cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Coin, or coined silver, gold, ot other
metal, used as a circulating medium; specie.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There was, in the splendor of the Roman empire, a less
quantity of current <i>species</i> in Europe than there is
now.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A public spectacle or exhibition.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Pharmacy)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
component part of compound medicine; a simple.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An officinal mixture or
compound powder of any kind; esp., one used for making an aromatic tea
or tisane; a tea mixture.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>The form or shape given
to materials; fashion or shape; form; figure.</def>
<i>Burill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Incipient species</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
subspecies, or variety, which is in process of becoming permanent, and
thus changing to a true species, usually by isolation in localities
from which other varieties are excluded.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec"i*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting
specification; capable of being specified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sp&eacute;cifique</i>, or NL. <i>cpesificus</i>; L. <i>species</i>
a particular sort or kind + <i>facere</i> to make.  Cf.
<u>Specify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
species; characterizing or constituting a species; possessing the
peculiar property or properties of a thing which constitute its
species, and distinguish it from other things; as, the <i>specific</i>
form of an animal or a plant; the <i>specific</i> qualities of a drug;
the <i>specific</i> distinction between virtue and vice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Specific</i> difference is that primary attribute
which distinguishes each species from one another.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifying; definite, or making definite;
limited; precise; discriminating; as, a <i>specific</i>
statement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Exerting a peculiar influence
over any part of the body; preventing or curing disease by a peculiar
adaption, and not on general principles; as, quinine is a
<i>specific</i> medicine in cases of malaria.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In fact, all medicines will be found <i>specific</i> in
the perfection of the science.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Specific character</b></col> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>, <cd>a
characteristic or characteristics distinguishing one species from
every other species of the same genus.</cd> -- <col><b>Specific
disease</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A disease
which produces a determinate definite effect upon the blood and
tissues or upon some special tissue</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
disease which is itself uniformly produced by a definite and peculiar
poison or organism.</cd> -- <col><b>Specific duty</b></col>.
<i>(Com.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Duty</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Specific
gravity</b></col>. <i>(Physics)</i> <cd>See under <u>Gravity</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Specific heat</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the quantity
of heat required to raise temperature of a body one degree, taking as
the unit of measure the quantity required to raise the same weight of
water from zero to one degree; thus, the <i>specific heat</i> of
mercury is 0.033, that of water being 1.000.</cd> -- <col><b>Specific
inductive capacity</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the effect of a
dielectric body in producing static electric induction as compared
with that of some other body or bodies referred to as a standard.</cd>
-- <col><b>Specific legacy</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a bequest of a
particular thing, as of a particular animal or piece of furniture,
specified and distinguished from all others.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i>
<i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Specific name</b></col> <i>(Nat.,
Hist.)</i>, <cd>the name which, appended to the name of the genus,
constitutes the distinctive name of the species; -- originally applied
by Linn&aelig;us to the essential character of the species, or the
<i>essential difference</i>.  The present <i>specific name</i> he at
first called the <i>trivial name</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Specific
performance</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the peformance of a contract
or agreement as decreed by a court of equity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A specific remedy. See <u>Specific</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His parents were weak enough to believe that the royal
touch was a <i>specific</i> for this malady.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything having peculiar adaption to the
purpose to which it is applied.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Specific.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
specific manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"ic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being specific.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Specify</u>.] <def>To show, mark, or designate the species, or the
distinguishing particulars of; to specify.</def> [Obs.]  <i>ir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sp&eacute;cification</i>, LL. <i>specificatio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of specifying or determining by a mark
or limit; notation of limits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>specification</i> or limitation of the question
hinders the disputers from wandering away from the precise point of
inquiry.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The designation of particulars; particular
mention; as, the <i>specification</i> of a charge against an
officer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A written statement containing a minute
description or enumeration of particulars, as of charges against a
public officer, the terms of a contract, the description of an
invention, as in a patent; also, a single article, item, or
particular, an allegation of a specific act, as in a charge of
official misconduct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe*cif"ic*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being specific.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Specified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Specifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>sp&eacute;cifier</i>, or OF.
<i>especifier</i>, fr. LL. <i>specificare</i>. See <u>Species</u>,
<u>-fy</u>.] <def>To mention or name, as a particular thing; to
designate in words so as to distinguish from other things; as, to
<i>specify</i> the uses of a plant; to <i>specify</i> articles
purchased.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has there given us an exact geography of Greece,
where the countries and the uses of their soils are
<i>specified</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Spe*cil"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Stylet</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"i*men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>specere</i> to look, to behold. See <u>Spy</u>.] <def>A part, or
small portion, of anything, or one of a number of things, intended to
exhibit the kind and quality of the whole, or of what is not
exhibited; a sample; as, a <i>specimen</i> of a man's handwriting; a
<i>specimen</i> of painting; a<i>specimen</i> of one's art.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sample; model; pattern.  -- <u>Specimen</u>,
<u>Sample</u>. A <i>specimen</i> is a representative of the class of
things to which it belongs; as, a <i>specimen</i> of photography. A
<i>sample</i> is a part of the thing itself, designed to show the
quality of the whole; as, a <i>sample</i> of sugar or of broadcloth. A
cabinet of minerals consists of <i>specimens</i>; if a part be broken
off from any one of these, it is a <i>sample</i> of the mineral to
which it belongs. "Several persons have exhibited <i>specimens</i> of
this art before multitudes of beholders." <i>Addison.</i> "I design
this but for a <i>sample</i> of what I hope more fully to discuss."
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe`ci*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Speciocities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. LL. <u>speciositas</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being specious;
speciousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Professions built so largely on <i>speciosity</i>,
instead of performance.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is specious.</def>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1381 !></p>

<p><hw>Spe"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>speciosus</i>good-looking, beautiful, specious, fr. <i>species</i>
look, show, appearance; cf. F. <i>sp&eacute;coeux</i>. See
<u>Species</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Presenting a pleasing
appearance; pleasing in form or look; showy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some [serpents] <i>specious</i> and beautiful to the
eye.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Richardson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rest, far greater part,<BR>
Will deem in outward rites and <i>specious</i> forms<BR>
Religion satisfied.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apparently right; superficially fair, just,
or correct, but not so in reality; appearing well at first view;
plausible; as, <i>specious</i> reasoning; a <i>specious</i>
argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Misled for a moment by the <i>specious</i> names of
religion, liberty, and property.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In consequence of their greater command of
<i>specious</i> expression.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Plausible; showy; ostensible; colorable; feasible.
See <u>Plausible</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Spe"xious*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spe"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Speck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>spik</i>
blubber, AS. <i>spic</i>, D. <i>spek</i>, G. <i>speck</i>.] <def>The
blubber of whales or other marine mammals; also, the fat of the
hippopotamus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Speck falls</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>falls or ropes
rove through blocks for hoisting the blubber and bone of whales on
board a whaling vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Speck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spekke</i>, AS.
<i>specca</i>; cf. LG. <i>spaak</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
discolored place in or on anything, or a small place of a color
different from that of the main substance; a spot; a stain; a blemish;
as, a <i>speck</i> on paper or loth; <i>specks</i> of decay in
fruit.</def> "Gray sand, with black <i>specks</i>."  <i>Anson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A very small thing; a particle; a mite; as,
<i>specks</i> of dust; he has not a <i>speck</i> of money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many bright <i>specks</i> bubble up along the blue
Egean.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small etheostomoid
fish (<i>Ulocentra stigm&aelig;a</i>) common in the Eastern United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Specked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Specking</u>.] <def>To cause the presence of specks upon or in,
especially specks regarded as defects or blemishes; to spot; to
speckle; as, paper <i>specked</i> by impurities in the water used in
its manufacture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Carnation, purple, azure, or <i>specked</i> with
gold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>speck</i>;
cf. D. <i>spikkel</i>.] <def>A little or spot in or anything, of a
different substance or color from that of the thing itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An huge great serpent, all with <i>speckles</i>
pied.</blockquote> <i>Spebser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Speckled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Speckling</u> (?).] <def>To mark with small spots of a different
color from that of the rest of the surface; to variegate with spots of
a different color from the ground or surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"kled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked or
variegated with small spots of a different color from that of the rest
of the surface.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Speckled Indians</b></col> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>, <cd>the
Pintos.</cd> -- <col><b>Speckled trout</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The common American brook trout. See
<u>Trout</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The rainbow trout.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec"kled-bel`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The gadwall.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spec"kled-bill"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American white-fronted goose (<i>Anser
albifrons</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"kled*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being speckled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speck`sion*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The chief
harpooner, who also directs in cutting up the speck, or blubber; -- so
called among whalers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speckt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woodpecker. See
<u>Speight</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"ta*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>spectaculum</i>, fr. <i>spectare</i> to look at, to behold, v.
intens. fr. <i>specere</i>. See <u>Spy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something exhibited to view; usually, something presented to view
as extraordinary, or as unusual and worthy of special notice; a
remarkable or noteworthy sight; a show; a pageant; a
gazingstock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, piteous <i>spectacle</i>? O, bloody
times!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spy-glass; a looking-glass.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Poverty a <i>spectacle</i> is, as thinketh me,<BR>
Through which he may his very friends see.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An optical instrument consisting
of two lenses set in a light frame, and worn to assist sight, to
obviate some defect in the organs of vision, or to shield the eyes
from bright light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Fig.: An aid to the intellectual
sight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shakespeare . . . needed not the <i>spectacles</i> of
books to read nature.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Show; sight; exhibition; representation;
pageant.</p>

<p><hw>Spec"ta*cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with spectacles; wearing spectacles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>spectacled</i> she sits in chimney
nook.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the eyes
surrounded by color markings, or patches of naked skin, resembling
spectacles.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spectacled bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South
American bear (<i>Tremarclos ornatus</i>) which inhabits the high
mountains of Chili and Peru. It has a light-colored ring around each
eye.</cd> -- <col><b>Spectacled coot</b></col>, or <col><b>Spectacled
duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the surf scoter, or surf
duck.</cd> [Local, U.S.] -- <col><b>Spectacled eider</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Eider</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spectacled
goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the gannet.</cd> --
<col><b>Spectacled snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cobra
de capello.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec*tac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a shows; of the nature of
a show.</def> "<i>Spectacular</i> sports."  <i>G. Hickes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to excite wonder and admiration by
a display of pomp or of scenic effects; as, a <i>spectacular</i>
celebration of some event; a <i>spectacular</i> play.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to spectacles, or glasses for
the eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spectans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>spectare</i> to look at.] <def>Looking forward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spectatio</i>.] <def>Regard; aspect; appearance.</def>
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spectator</i>: cf. F. <i>spectateur</i>. See <u>Spectacle</u>.]
<def>One who on; one who sees or beholds; a beholder; one who is
personally present at, and sees, any exhibition; as, the
<i>spectators</i> at a show.</def> "Devised and played to take
<i>spectators</i>."
  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Looker-on; beholder; observer; witness.</p>

<p><hw>Spec`ta*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a spectator.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec*ta"tor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office or quality of a spectator.</def>
[R.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of beholding.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spec*ta"tress</hw> (?), <hw>Spec*ta"trix</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spectatrix</i>.] <def>A female beholder or
looker-on.</def> "A <i>spectatress</i> of the whole scene."
<i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spec"ter</hw>, <hw>Spec"tre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>spectre</i>, fr. L. <i>spectrum</i> an appearance, image,
specter, fr. <i>specere</i> to look. See <u>Spy</u>, and cf.
<u>Spectrum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something preternaturally
visible; an apparition; a ghost; a phantom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ghosts of traitors from the bridge descend,<BR>
With bold fanatic <i>specters</i> to rejoice.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
tarsius.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A stick insect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Specter bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
phyllostome bat.</cd> -- <col><b>Specter candle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a belemnite.</cd> -- <col><b>Specter
shrimp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a skeleton shrimp. See under
<u>Skeleton</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec`tion*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Specsioneer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a specter; ghosty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that feels timid at the <i>spectral</i> form of evil
is not the man to spread light.</blockquote> <i>F. W.
Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
spectrum; made by the spectrum; as, <i>spectral</i> colors;
<i>spectral</i> analysis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spectral lemur</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Tarsius</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec"tral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the form or
manner of a specter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Specter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec`tro*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to spectrology; as, <i>spectrological</i> studies or
experiments.</def> -- <wf>Spec`tro*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spec*trol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spectrum</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Chem.Phys.)</i> <def>The science of spectrum
analysis in any or all of its relations and applications.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec*trom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spectrum</i>
+ <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A spectroscope fitted for
measurements of the luminious spectra observed with it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec`tro*pho*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Spectrum</i> + <i>photometer</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>An
instrument for measuring or comparing the intensites of the colors of
the spectrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"tro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spectrum</i>
+ <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An optical instrument for
forming and examining spectra (as that of solar light, or those
produced by flames in which different substances are volatilized), so
as to determine, from the position of the spectral lines, the
composition of the substance.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spec`tro*scop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Spec`tro*scop"ic*al</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a spectroscope, or
spectroscopy.</def> -- <wf>Spec`tro*scop"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spec*tros"co*pist</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who investigates by means of a spectroscope; one skilled in the use of
the spectroscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec*tros"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use of
the spectroscope; investigations made with the spectroscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spectra</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Specter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An apparition; a specter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
several colored and other rays of which light is composed, separated
by the refraction of a prism or other means, and observed or studied
either as spread out on a screen, by direct vision, by photography, or
otherwise. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Light</u>, and
<u>Spectroscope</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A luminous
appearance, or an image seen after the eye has been exposed to an
intense light or a strongly illuminated object. When the object is
colored, the image appears of the complementary color, as a green
image seen after viewing a red wafer lying on white paper. Called also
<i>ocular spectrum</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Absorption spectrum</b></col>, <cd>the spectrum of light
which has passed through a medium capable of absorbing a portion of
the rays. It is characterized by dark spaces, bands, or lines.</cd> --
<col><b>Chemical spectrum</b></col>, <cd>a spectrum of rays considered
solely with reference to their chemical effects, as in photography.
These, in the usual photogrophic methods, have their maximum influence
at and beyond the violet rays, but are not limited to this
region.</cd> -- <col><b>Chromatic spectrum</b></col>, <cd>the visible
colored rays of the solar spectrum, exhibiting the seven principal
colors in their order, and covering the central and larger portion of
the space of the whole spectrum.</cd> -- <col><b>Continous
spectrum</b></col>, <cd>a spectrum not broken by bands or lines, but
having the colors shaded into each other continously, as that from an
incandescent solid or liquid, or a gas under high pressure.</cd> --
<col><b>Diffraction spectrum</b></col>, <cd>a spectrum produced by
diffraction, as by a grating.</cd> -- <col><b>Gaseous
spectrum</b></col>, <cd>the spectrum of an incandesoent gas or vapor,
under moderate, or especially under very low, pressure. It is
characterized by bright bands or lines.</cd> -- <col><b>Normal
spectrum</b></col>, <cd>a representation of a spectrum arranged upon
conventional plan adopted as standard, especially a spectrum in which
the colors are spaced proportionally to their wave lengths, as when
formed by a diffraction grating.</cd> -- <col><b>Ocular
spectrum</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Spectrum</u>, 2 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Prismatic spectrum</b></col>, <cd>a spectrum
produced by means of a prism.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar
spectrum</b></col>, <cd>the spectrum of solar light, especially as
thrown upon a screen in a darkened room. It is characterized by
numerous dark lines called <i>Fraunhofer lines</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spectrum analysis</b></col>, <cd>chemical analysis effected by
comparison of the different relative positions and qualities of the
fixed lines of spectra produced by flames in which different
substances are burned or evaporated, each substance having its own
characteristic system of lines.</cd> -- <col><b>Thermal
spectrum</b></col>, <cd>a spectrum of rays considered solely with
reference to their heating effect, especially of those rays which
produce no luminous phenomena.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>specularis</i>
(cf., from the same root, <i>specula</i> a lookout, watchtower): cf.
F. <i>sp&eacute;culaire</i>. See <u>Speculum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the qualities of a speculum, or mirror; having a smooth,
reflecting surface; as, a <i>specular</i> metal; a <i>specular</i>
surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
speculum; conducted with the aid of a speculum; as, a <i>specular</i>
examination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Assisting sight, as a lens or the
like.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>specular</i> orb<BR>
Apply to well-dissected kernels; lo!<BR>
In each observe the slender threads<BR>
Of first-beginning trees.</blockquote> <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Affording view.</def> [R.] "Look once more,
ere we leave this <i>specular</i> mount."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Specular iron</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Hematite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Speculated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Speculating</u>.] [L. <i>speculatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>speculari</i> to spy out, observe, fr. <i>specula</i> a lookout,
fr. <i>specere</i> to look. See <u>Spy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To consider by turning a subject in the mind, and viewing it in
its different aspects and relations; to meditate; to contemplate; to
theorize; as, to <i>speculate</i> on questions in religion; to
<i>speculate</i> on political events.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is remarkable that persons who <i>speculate</i> the
most boldly often conform with the most pefect quietude to the
external regulations of society.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>To view subjects from
certain premises given or assumed, and infer conclusions respecting
them <i>a priori</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To purchase with the
expectation of a contingent advance in value, and a consequent sale at
a profit; -- often, in a somewhat depreciative sense, of unsound or
hazardous transactions; as, to <i>speculate</i> in coffee, in sugar,
or in bank stock.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To consider
attentively; as, to <i>speculate</i> the nature of a thing.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>speculatio</i> a spying out, observation: cf. F.
<i>sp&eacute;culation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
speculating.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Examination by the eye; view.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Mental view of anything in its various
aspects and relations; contemplation; intellectual
examination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thenceforth to <i>speculations</i> high or deep<BR>
I turned my thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The act or process of
reasoning <i>a priori</i> from premises given or assumed.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The act or practice of
buying land, goods, shares, etc., in expectation of selling at a
higher price, or of selling with the expectation of repurchasing at a
lower price; a trading on anticipated fluctuations in price, as
distinguished from trading in which the profit expected is the
difference between the retail and wholesale prices, or the difference
of price in different markets.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Sudden fortunes, indeed, are sometimes made in such
places, by what is called the trade of
<i>speculation</i>.</blockquote> <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Speculation</i>, while confined within moderate
limits, is the agent for equalizing supply and demand, and rendering
the fluctuations of price less sudden and abrupt than they would
otherwise be.</blockquote> <i>F. A. Walker.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Any business venture in involving unusual
risks, with a chance for large profits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A conclusion to which the mind comes by
speculating; mere theory; view; notion; conjecture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From him Socrates derived the principles of morality,
and most part of his natural <i>speculations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To his <i>speculations</i> on these subjects he gave
the lofty name of the "Oracles of Reason."</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Power of sight.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast no <i>speculation</i> in those
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A game at cards in which the players buy
from one another trumps or whole hands, upon a chance of getting the
highest trump dealt, which entitles the holder to the pool of
stakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*la*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
speculates, or forms theories; a speculator; a theorist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The very ingenious <i>speculatist</i>, Mr.
Hume.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sp&eacute;culatif</i>, L. <i>speculativus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Given to speculation; contemplative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind of man being by nature
<i>speculative</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Involving, or formed by, speculation;
ideal; theoretical; not established by demonstration.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to vision; also, prying;
inquisitive; curious.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to speculation in land,
goods, shares, etc.; as, a <i>speculative</i> dealer or
enterprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>speculative</i> merchant exercises no one
regular, established, or well-known branch of business.</blockquote>
<i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spec"u*la*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spec"u*la*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a spy,
explorer, investigator: cf. F. <i>sp&eacute;culateur</i>.] <def>One
who speculates. Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> An observer; a
contemplator; hence, a spy; a watcher.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who forms theories; a
theorist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>speculator</i> who had dared to affirm that the
human soul is by nature mortal.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>One who engages in
speculation; one who buys and sells goods, land, etc., with the
expectation of deriving profit from fluctuations in price.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1382 !></p>

<p><hw>Spec`u*la*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Speculatory; speculative.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>speculatorius</i> belonging to spies or scouts.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Intended or adapted for viewing or espying; having
oversight.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exercising speculation; speculative.</def>
<i>T. Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
observes or considers; an observer.</def> [R.]  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spec"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Specula</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Speculum</b></plw> (#). [L.,
fr. <i>specere</i> to look, behold. See <u>Spy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mirror, or looking-glass; especially, a
metal mirror, as in Greek and Roman arch&aelig;ology.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A reflector of polished metal, especially
one used in reflecting telescopes. See <i>Speculum metal</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument for dilating
certain passages of the body, and throwing light within them, thus
facilitating examination or surgical operations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bright and lustrous
patch of color found on the wings of ducks and some other birds. It is
usually situated on the distal portions of the secondary quills, and
is much more brilliant in the adult male than in the female.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Speculum metal</b></col>, <cd>a hard, brittle alloy used
for making the reflectors of telescopes and other instruments, usually
consisting of copper and tin in various proportions, one of the best
being that in which there are 126.4 parts of copper to 58.9 parts of
tin, with sometimes a small proportion of arsenic, antimony, or zinc
added to improve the whiteness.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sped</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Speed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speece</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Species; sort.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Speech</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>speche</i>, AS.
<i>sp&?;c</i>, <i>spr&?;</i>, fr. <i>specan</i>, <i>sprecan</i>, to
speak; akin to D. <i>spraak</i> speech, OHG. <i>spr&amacr;hha</i>, G.
<i>sprache</i>, Sw. <i>spr&?;k</i>, Dan. <i>sprog</i>. See
<u>Speak</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The faculty of uttering
articulate sounds or words; the faculty of expressing thoughts by
words or articulate sounds; the power of speaking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is none comparable to the variety of instructive
expressions by <i>speech</i>, wherewith man alone is endowed for the
communication of his thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>he act of speaking; that which is spoken;
words, as expressing ideas; language; conversation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Speech is voice modulated by the throat, tongue, lips, etc.,
the modulation being accomplished by changing the form of the cavity
of the mouth and nose through the action of muscles which move their
walls.</p>

<p><blockquote>O goode God! how gentle and how kind<BR>
Ye seemed by your <i>speech</i> and your visage<BR>
The day that maked was our marriage.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The acts of God . . . to human ears<BR>
Can nort without process of <i>speech</i> be told.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A particular language, as distinct from
others; a tongue; a dialect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>People of a strange <i>speech</i> and of an hard
language.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. iii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Talk; mention; common saying.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The duke . . . did of me demand<BR>
What was the <i>speech</i> among the Londoners<BR>
Concerning the French journey.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>formal discourse in public; oration;
harangue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The constant design of these orators, in all their
<i>speeches</i>, was to drive some one particular point.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>ny declaration of thoughts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I. with leave of <i>speech</i> implored, . . .
replied.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> Harangue; language; address; oration. See
<u>Harangue</u>, and <u>Language</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Speech</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To make a
speech; to harangue.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Speech"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of speech
or words; voluble; loquacious.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Speech`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[See
<u>Spechify</u>.] <def>The act of speechifying.</def> [Used humorously
or in contempt.]</p>

<p><hw>Speech"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
makes a speech or speeches; an orator; a declaimer.</def> [Used
humorously or in contempt.]  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speech"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Speechified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Speechifying</u> (?).] [<i>Speech</i> + <i>-fy</i>.]
<def>To make a speech; to harangue.</def> [Used derisively or
humorously.]</p>

<p><hw>Speech"i*fy`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
making a speech or speeches.</def> [Used derisively or
humorously.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The dinner and <i>speechifying</i> . . . at the opening
of the annual season for the buckhounds.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speech"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of making a
speech.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Speech"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute or deprived of the faculty of speech.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not speaking for a time; dumb; mute;
silent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Speechless</i> with wonder, and half dead with
fear.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Speech"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Speech"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Speech"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
speeches; one accustomed to speak in a public assembly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sp&?;d</i>
success, swiftness, from <i>sp&?;wan</i> to succeed; akin to D.
<i>spoed</i>d, OHG. <i>spuot</i> success, <i>spuot</i> to succees,
Skr. <i>sph&amacr;</i> to increase, grow fat. &radic;170<i>b.</i>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Prosperity in an undertaking; favorable issue;
success.</def> "For common <i>speed</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O Lord God of my master Abraham, I pray thee, send me
good <i>speed</i> this day.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxiv. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or state of moving swiftly;
swiftness; velocity; rapidly; rate of motion; dispatch; as, the
<i>speed</i> a horse or a vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Speed</i>, to describe whose swiftness number
fails.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In kinematics, <i>speed</i>is sometimes used to denote the
amount of velocity without regard to direction of motion, while
<i>velocity</i> is not regarded as known unless both the direction and
the amount are known.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, causes or promotes
speed or success.</def> [Obs.] "Hercules be thy <i>speed</i>!"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>God speed</b></col>, <cd>Good speed; prosperity. See
<u>Godspeed</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Speed gauge</b></col>, <col><b>Speed
indicator</b></col>, &and; <col><b>Speed recorder</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>devices for indicating or recording the rate of a
body's motion, as the number of revolutions of a shaft in a given
time.</cd> -- <col><b>Speed lathe</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
power lathe with a rapidly revolving spindle, for turning small
objects, for polishing, etc.; a hand lathe.</cd> -- <col><b>Speed
pulley</b></col>, <cd>a cone pulley with steps.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Haste; swiftness; celerity; quickness; dispatch;
expedition; hurry; acceleration. See <u>Haste</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Speed</hw> (sp&emacr;d), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sped</u> (sp&ebreve;d), <u>Speeded</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Speeding</u>.] [AS.
<i>sp&emacr;dan</i>, fr. <i>sp&emacr;d</i>, n.; akin to D.
<i>spoeden</i>, G. sich <i>sputen</i>.  See <u>Speed</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go; to fare.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To warn him now he is too farre
<i>sped</i>.</blockquote> <i>Remedy of Love.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To experience in going; to have any
condition, good or ill; to fare.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ships heretofore in seas like fishes <i>sped</i>;<BR>
 The mightiest still upon the smallest fed.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fare well; to have success; to
prosper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Save London, and send true lawyers their meed!<BR>
For whoso wants money with them shall not <i>speed</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I told ye then he should prevail, and <i>speed</i><BR>
On his bad errand.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make haste; to move with
celerity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>speeded</i> hither with the very extremest
inch of possibility.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be expedient.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (2
Cor. xii. 1.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Speed</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to be successful, or to prosper; hence, to aid; to favor.</def>
"Fortune <i>speed</i> us!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With rising gales that <i>speed</i> their happy
flight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to make haste; to dispatch with
celerity; to drive at full speed; hence, to hasten; to
hurry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>sped</i> him thence home to his
habitation.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hasten to a conclusion; to
expedite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Judicial acts . . . are <i>sped</i> in open court at
the instance of one or both of the parties.</blockquote>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hurry to destruction; to put an end to;
to ruin; to undo.</def> "<i>Sped</i> with spavins."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A dire dilemma! either way I 'm <i>sped</i>.<BR>
If foes, they write, if friends, they read, me dead.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To wish success or god fortune to, in any
undertaking, especially in setting out upon a journey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Welcome the coming, <i>speed</i> the parting
guest.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>God speed you</b></col>, <col><b>them</b></col>, <cd>etc.,
may God speed you; or, may you have good speed.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dispatch; hasten; expedite; accelerate;
hurry.</p>

<p><hw>Speed"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, speeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Spinning)</i> <def>A machine for drawing and
twisting slivers to form rovings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speed"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of speed (in
any sense).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Speed"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a speedful
manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Speed"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a speedy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speed"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being speedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speed"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
speed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speed"well</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus <i>Veronica</i>, mostly low herbs with
pale blue corollas, which quickly fall off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speed"y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Speedier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Speediest</u>.] [AS.
<i>sp&emacr;dyg</i>.] <def>Not dilatory or slow; quick; swift; nimble;
hasty; rapid in motion or performance; as, a <i>speedy</i> flight; on
<i>speedy</i> foot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will wish her <i>speedy</i> strength.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Darts, which not the good could shun,<BR>
The <i>speedy</i> ould outfly.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sphere.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ask.</def> [Scot.]
See <u>Spere</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Speet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>speten</i>.
See <u>Spit</u> an iron prong.] <def>To stab.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gammer
Gurton's Needle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>specht</i>,
probably akin to L. <i>picus</i>: cf. D. <i>specht</i>. &radic;169.
See <u>Pie</u> a magpie.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A woodpecker; --
called also <i>specht</i>, <i>spekt</i>, <i>spight</i>.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Speir</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ask. See
<u>Spere</u>.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speis`ko"balt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<def>Smaltite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speiss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>speise</i>
food, mixed metal for bells, etc.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A regulus
consisting essentially of nickel, obtained as a residue in fusing
cobalt and nickel ores with silica and sodium carbonate to make
smalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spek"boom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D., lit. fat tree.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The purslane tree of South Africa, -- said to be
the favorite food of elephants.</def>  <i>Balfour (Cyc. of
India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Speke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To
speak.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Speke"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The parlor or
reception room of a convent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spel"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>speld</i> to
spread out, <i>spelder</i> to split. spread open; cf. G.
<i>spalten</i> split.] <def>A haddock or other small fish split open
and dried in the sun; -- called also <i>speldron</i>.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Spel"i*cans</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spilikin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spelk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spelc</i>,
<i>spilc</i>, a little rod by which a thing is kept straight, a splint
for binding up broken bones, akin to Icel. <i>spelkur</i>, pl., a
splint.  Cf. <u>Spell</u> a splinter.] <def>A small stick or rod used
as a spike in thatching; a splinter.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>speld</i>, AS.
<i>speld</i> a spill to light a candle with; akin to D. <i>speld</i> a
pin, OD. <i>spelle</i>, G. <i>spalten</i> to split, OHG.
<i>spaltan</i>, MHG. <i>spelte</i> a splinter, Icel. <i>spjald</i> a
square tablet, Goth. <i>spilda</i> a writing tablet.  Cf.
<u>Spill</u>splinter, roll of paper, <u>Spell</u> to tell the letters
of.] <def>A spelk, or splinter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spelled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spelling</u>.] [AS. <i>spelian</i> to supply another's place.]
<def>To supply the place of for a time; to take the turn of, at work;
to relieve; as, to <i>spell</i> the helmsman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
relief of one person by another in any piece of work or watching;
also, a turn at work which is carried on by one person or gang
relieving another; as, a <i>spell</i> at the pumps; a <i>spell</i> at
the masthead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>spell</i> at the wheel is called a
trick.</blockquote> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The time during which one person or gang
works until relieved; hence, any relatively short period of time,
whether a few hours, days, or weeks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing new has happened in this quarter, except the
setting in of a severe <i>spell</i> of cold weather.</blockquote>
<i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of two or more persons or gangs who
work by spells.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their toil is so extreme that they can not endure it
above four hours in a day, but are succeeded by
<i>spells</i>.</blockquote> <i>Garew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A gratuitous helping forward of another's
work; as, a logging <i>spell</i>.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[AS. <i>spell</i> a saying,
tale, speech; akin to OS. &amp; OHG. <i>spel</i>, Icel.
<i>spjall</i>,Goth. <i>spill</i>.  Cf. <u>Gospel</u>, <u>Spell</u> to
tell the letters of.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A story; a tale.</def>
[Obs.] "Hearken to my <i>spell</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stanza, verse, or phrase supposed to be
endowed with magical power; an incantation; hence, any
charm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Start not; her actions shall be holy as<BR>
You hear my <i>spell</i> is lawful.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spelled</u> (&?;) or <u>Spelt</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Spelling</u>.] [OE. <i>spellen</i>,
<i>spellien</i>, tell, relate, AS. <i>spellian</i>, fr. <i>spell</i> a
saying, tale; akin to MHG. <i>spellen</i> to relate, Goth.
<i>spill&?;n</i>.e <u>Spell</u> a tale. In sense 4 and those
following, OE. <i>spellen</i>, perhaps originally a different word,
and from or influenced by <i>spell</i> a splinter, from the use of a
piece of wood to point to the letters in schools: cf. D.
<i>spellen</i> to spell.  Cf. <u>Spell</u> splinter.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tell; to relate; to teach.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Might I that legend find,<BR>
By fairies <i>spelt</i> in mystic rhymes.</blockquote> <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put under the influence of a spell; to
affect by a spell; to bewitch; to fascinate; to charm.</def>
"<i>Spelled</i> with words of power."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was much <i>spelled</i> with Eleanor
Talbot.</blockquote> <i>Sir G. Buck.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To constitute; to measure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Saxon heptarchy, when seven kings put together did
<i>spell</i> but one in effect.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To tell or name in their proper order
letters of, as a word; to write or print in order the letters of, esp.
the proper letters; to form, as words, by correct
orthography.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word "satire" ought to be <i>spelled</i> with
<i>i</i>, and not with <i>y</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To discover by characters or marks; to read
with difficulty; -- usually with <i>out</i>; as, to <i>spell</i> out
the sense of an author; to <i>spell</i> out a verse in the
Bible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>spell</i> out a God in the works of
creation.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To sit <i>spelling</i> and observing divine justice
upon every accident.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
form words with letters, esp. with the proper letters, either orally
or in writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When what small knowledge was, in them did dwell,<BR>
And he a god, who could but read or <i>spell</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To study by noting characters; to gain
knowledge or learn the meaning of anything, by study.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Where I may sit and rightly <i>spell</i><BR>
Of every star that heaven doth shew,<BR>
And every herb that sips the dew.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being spelt.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell"bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bound by, or
as by, a spell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spell"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who spells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spelling book.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spell"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
spells, or charms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here, while his eyes the learned leaves peruse,<BR>
Each <i>spellful</i> mystery explained he views.</blockquote>
<i>Hoole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
spells; formation of words by letters; orthography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spell"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
spelling.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spelling bee</b></col>, <cd>a spelling match.</cd> [U.S.] -
- <col><b>Spelling book</b></col>, <cd>a book with exercises for
teaching children to spell; a speller.</cd> -- <col><b>Spelling
match</b></col>, <cd>a contest of skill in spelling words, between two
or more persons.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spell"ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A theater.</def>
[Slang]  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spell"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Power or effect
of magic; that which is wrought by magic; enchantment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like those Peri isles of light<BR>
That hang by <i>spellwork</i> in the air.</blockquote>
<i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spelt</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spell</u>. Spelled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spelt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spelt</i>, fr. L.
<i>spelta</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of grain (<i>Triticum
Spelta</i>) much cultivated for food in Germany and Switzerland; --
called also <i>German wheat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spelt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Spalt</u>.]
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>Spelter.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spelt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See <u>Spell</u> a
splinter.] <def>To split; to break; to spalt.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG.
<i>spialter</i>, G. &amp; D. <i>spiauter</i>.  Cf. <u>Pewter</u>.]
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>Zinc; -- especially so called in commerce and
arts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spe*lunc"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spelunca</i>
cave.] <def>A cavern; a cave.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>despense</i>, F.
<i>d&eacute;pense</i>, buffet, buttery, fr. OF. <i>despendre</i> to
spend, distribute, L. <i>dispendere</i>, <i>dispensum</i>. See
<u>Dispense</u>, <u>Spend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where
provisions are kept; a buttery; a larder; a pantry.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>In . . . his <i>spence</i>, or "pantry" were hung the
carcasses of a sheep or ewe, and two cows lately
slaughtered.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bluff Harry broke into the <i>spence</i>,<BR>
And turned the cowls adrift.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The inner apartment of a country house;
also, the place where the family sit and eat.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spen"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>despensier</i>.
See <u>Spence</u>, and cf. <u>Dispenser</u>.] <def>One who has the
care of the spence, or buttery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Promptorium
Parvulorum.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spen"cer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the third Earl
<i>Spencer</i>, who first wore it, or brought it into fashion.] <def>A
short jacket worn by men and by women.</def>  <i>Ld. Lutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spen"cer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A fore-
and-aft sail, abaft the foremast or the mainmast, hoisted upon a small
supplementary mast and set with a gaff and no boom; a trysail carried
at the foremast or mainmast; -- named after its inventor, Knight
<i>Spencer</i>, of England [1802].</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spencer mast</b></col>, <cd>a small mast just abaft the
foremast or mainmast, for hoisting the spencer.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana,
Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spent</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spending</u>.] [AS. <i>spendan</i> (in comp.), fr. L.
<i>expendere</i> or <i>dispendere</i> to weigh out, to expend,
dispense. See <u>Pendant</u>, and cf. <u>Dispend</u>, <u>Expend</u>,
<u>Spence</u>, <u>Spencer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To weigh or
lay out; to dispose of; to part with; as, to <i>spend</i> money for
clothing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spend</i> thou that in the town.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore do ye <i>spend</i> money for that which is
not bread?</blockquote> <i>Isa. lv. 2.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1383 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bestow; to employ; -- often with
<i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . am never loath<BR>
To <i>spend</i> my judgment.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To consume; to waste; to squander; to
exhaust; as, to <i>spend</i> an estate in gaming or other
vices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass, as time; to suffer to pass away;
as, to <i>spend</i> a day idly; to <i>spend</i> winter
abroad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>spend</i> our years as a tale that is
told.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xc. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To exhaust of force or strength; to waste;
to wear away; as, the violence of the waves was
<i>spent</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their bodies <i>spent</i> with long labor and
thirst.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To expend money or any other possession; to consume, use, waste,
or part with, anything; as, he who gets easily <i>spends</i>
freely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>spends</i> as a person who knows that he must
come to a reckoning.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To waste or wear away; to be consumed; to
lose force or strength; to vanish; as, energy <i>spends</i> in the
using of it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sound <i>spendeth</i> and is dissipated in the open
air.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be diffused; to spread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vines that they use for wine are so often cut, that
their sap <i>spendeth</i> into the grapes.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To break ground; to
continue working.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spen"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who spends;
esp., one who spends lavishly; a prodigal; a spendthrift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spend"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of expending;
expenditure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spending money</b></col>, <cd>money set apart for extra
(not necessary) personal expenses; pocket money.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spend"thrift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spends money profusely or improvidently; a prodigal; one who lavishes
or wastes his estate. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman who was a generous <i>spendthrift</i> of
life.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. R. H. Davis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spend"thrift</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prodigal;
extravagant; wasteful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spend"thrift`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spendthrift;
prodigal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spen*se"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the English poet <i>Spenser</i>; -- specifically applied
to the stanza used in his poem "The Fa&euml;rie Queene."</def></p>

<p><hw>Spent</hw> (sp&ebreve;nt), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exhausted; worn out; having lost energy or
motive force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now thou seest me<BR>
<i>Spent</i>, overpowered, despairing of success.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Heaps of <i>spent</i> arrows fall and strew the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Exhausted of spawn or
sperm; -- said especially of fishes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spent ball</b></col>, <cd>a ball shot from a firearm, which
reaches an object without having sufficient force to penetrate
it.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sper</hw> (?), <hw>Sperre</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[See <u>Spar</u> bar.] <def>To shut in; to support; to inclose; to
fasten.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>sperre</i> the gate."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe"ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spearabilis</i>, fr. <i>sperare</i> to hope.] <def>Within the range
of hpe; proper to be hoped for.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sperable</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Asperagus.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spe"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>speratus</i>, p.
p. of <i>sperare</i> to hope.] <def>Hoped for, or to be hoped
for.</def> [R.]  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spere</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spyrian</i> to
inquire, properly, to follow the track; akin to D. <i>speuren</i>, G.
<i>sp&uuml;ren</i>, Icel. <i>spyrja</i>. &radic;171. See Spoor.]
<def>To search; to pry; to ask; to inquire.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
[Written also <i>speer</i>, <i>speir</i>.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sphere</u>.] <def>A
sphere.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sperge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Distilling)</i>
<def>A charge of wash for the still.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sparling</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A smelt; a
sparling.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A young
herring.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[F. <i>sperme</i>, L.
<i>sperma</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, from &?;&?;&?;&?; to sow.
Cf. <u>Spore</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The male fecundating fluid;
semen. See <u>Semen</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sperm cell</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>one of the
cells from which the spermatozoids are developed.</cd> --
<col><b>Sperm morula</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Spermosphere</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sperm</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Contr. fr. <i>spermaceti</i>.]
<def>Spermaceti.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sperm oil</b></col>, <cd>a fatty oil found as a liquid,
with spermaceti, in the head cavities of the sperm whale.</cd> --
<col><b>Sperm whale</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*ce"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sperma</i>
sperm + <i>cetus</i>,gen. <i>ceti</i>, any large sea animal, a whale,
Gr. &?;&?;&?;. See <u>Sperm</u>, <u>Cetaceous</u>.] <def>A white waxy
substance obtained from cavities in the head of the sperm whale, and
used making candles, oilments, cosmetics, etc. It consists essentially
of ethereal salts of palmitic acid with ethal and other hydrocarbon
bases.  The substance of spermaceti after the removal of certain
impurities is sometimes called <i>cetin</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spermaceti whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
sperm whale.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mal*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Spermist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
sperm + &?;&?;&?;&?; to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That part of the
ovary from which the ovules arise; the placenta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>An organ in which spermatozoa are developed; a sperm gland; a
testicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`ma*the"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spermathec&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
seed + &?;&?;&?;&?; case, or receptacle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small sac connected with the female reproductive organs of insects and
many other invertebrates, serving to receive and retain the
spermatozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spermaticus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;: cf. F. <i>spermatique</i>. See
<u>Sperm</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to semen; as,
the <i>spermatic</i> fluid, the <i>spermatic</i> vessels,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spermatic cord</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the cord which
suspends the testicle within the scrotum. It is made up of a
connective tissue sheath inclosing the spermatic duct and accompanying
vessels and nerves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Spermatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A substance allied to alkali albumin and to mucin,
present in semen, to which it is said to impart the mucilaginous
character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The emission of sperm, or semen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper*ma"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spermatia</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the
motionless spermatozoids in the conceptacles of certain fungi.</def>
<i>J. H. Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;.
See <u>Sperm</u>.] <def>To yield seed; to emit seed, or sperm.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sper"ma*to-</hw> (?), <hw>Sper"mo-</hw> (?) }. <def>Combining
forms from Gr. <grk>spe`rma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, <i>seed</i>,
<i>sperm</i>, <i>semen</i> (of plants or animals); as,
<i>spermato</i>blast, <i>spermo</i>blast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*to*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Spermoblast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*to*cyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spermato-
</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a hollow vessel.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Spermoblast</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*to*gem"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Spermato-</u>, and <u>Gemma</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Spermosphere</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*to*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Spermato-</i> + <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
development of the spermatozoids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*to*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Relating to, or connected with,
spermatogenesis; as, <i>spermatogenetic</i> function.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*tog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Spermato-
</i> + <i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Sperm-
producing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`ma*to*go"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, sperm + &?;&?;&?; offspring.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A primitive seminal cell, occuring in masses in
the seminal tubules. It divides into a mass (spermosphere) of small
cells (spermoblast), which in turn give rise to
spermatozoids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Spermato-</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Spermlike; resembling sperm, or
semen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`ma*to"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spermatoa</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>spe`rma</grk>,
<grk>-atos</grk>, seed + &?;&?;&?; an egg.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
spermoblast.</def> -- <wf>Sper`ma*to"al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*to*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spermato-
</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?; to bear.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Spermospore</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A capsule or pocket
inclosing a number of spermatozoa. They are present in many annelids,
brachiopods, mollusks, and crustaceans. In cephalopods the structure
of the capsule is very complex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*toph"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Producing seed, or sperm; seminiferous; as, the
so-called <i>spermatophorous</i> cells.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Sper`ma*tor*rhe"a</hw>, <hw>Sper`ma*tor*rh&oelig;"a</hw>,
(&?;) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>spe`rma</grk>, <grk>-
atos</grk>, seed + &?;&?;&?; to flow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Abnormally
frequent involuntary emission of the semen without
copulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*to*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Spermospore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*to*zo"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Spermatozo&ouml;n</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?; form.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The male germ cell in animals and plants, the essential element
in fertilization; a microscopic animalcule-like particle, usually
provided with one or more cilia by which it is capable of active
motion. In animals, the familiar type is that of a small, more or less
ovoid head, with a delicate threadlike cilium, or tail. Called also
<i>spermatozo&ouml;n</i>. In plants the more usual term is
<i>antherozoid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`ma*to*zo"oid</hw> (?) <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>A spermatozoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`ma*to*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Spermatozoa</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;,
sperm + &?;&?;&?; an animal.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Spermatozoid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to sperm, or semen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper*mid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spermidia</b></plw> (#). [Nl., fr. Gr. <grk>spe`rma</grk>
seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An achenium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sperm"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
believer in the doctrine, formerly current, of encasement in the male
(see <u>Encasement</u>), in which the seminal thread, or spermatozoid,
was considered as the real animal germ, the head being the true animal
head and the tail the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spermo-</i> +
<i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>One of the cells formed by the
division of the spermospore, each of which is destined to become a
spermatozoid; a spermatocyte; a spermatoblast.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`mo*coc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Spermo-</u>, and <u>Coccus</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The nucleus
of the sperm cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spermo-</i> +
<i>derm</i>: cf. F. <i>spermoderme</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
covering of a seed; -- sometimes limited to the outer coat or
testa.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`mo*go"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.;
<i>spermo-</i> + Gr. &?;&?;&?; offspring.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
conceptacle of certain lichens, which contains spermatia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper*mol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; picking up seeds; <grk>spe`rma</grk> sperm, seed +
&?;&?;&?;&?; to gather.] <def>One who treats of, or collects,
seeds.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*phile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>spe`rma</grk> a seed + <grk>fi`los</grk> loving, fond.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any ground squirrel of the genus
<i>Spermophilus</i>; a gopher. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Gopher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spermatophore.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper*moph"y*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Nl., from
Gr. <grk>spe`rma</grk> a seed + <grk>fyto`n</grk> a plant.]
<def>Plants which produce seed; ph&aelig;nogamia. These plants
constitute the highest grand division of the vegetable
kingdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant which produces true seeds; -- a term recently proposed
to replace <i>ph&aelig;nogam</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper`mo*phyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Capable of producing seeds; ph&aelig;nogamic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`mo*plas"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Spermo-</u>, and <u>Plasma</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The
protoplasm of the sperm cell.</def>  <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spermo-</i> +
<i>sphere</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A mass or ball of cells formed
by the repeated division of a male germinal cell (spermospore), each
constituent cell (spermoblast) of which is converted into a
spermatozoid; a spermatogemma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mo*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spermo-</i> +
<i>spore</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The male germinal or seminal
cell, from the breaking up of which the spermoblasts are formed and
ultimately the spermatozoids; a spermatospore.</def>
<i>Balfour.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sper"mule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. fr.
<i>sperm</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A sperm cell.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sperm" whale`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large
toothed whale (<i>Physeter macrocephalus</i>), having a head of
enormous size. The upper jaw is destitute of teeth. In the upper part
of the head, above the skull, there is a large cavity, or case, filled
with oil and spermaceti. This whale sometimes grows to the length of
more than eighty feet. It is found in the warmer parts of all the
oceans. Called also <i>cachalot</i>, and <i>spermaceti
whale</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pygmy sperm whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
small whale (<i>Kogia breviceps</i>), seldom twenty feet long, native
of tropical seas, but occasionally found on the American coast. Called
also <i>snub-nosed cachalot</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sperm-whale
porpoise</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a toothed cetacean
(<i>Hypero&ouml;don bidens</i>), found on both sides of the Atlantic
and valued for its oil. The adult becomes about twenty-five feet long,
and its head is very large and thick. Called also <i>bottle-nosed
whale</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sper"ry*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Named after F. L.
<i>Sperry</i>, who discovered it.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An arsenide of
platinum occuring in grains and minute isometric crystals of tin-white
color. It is found near Sudbury, Ontario Canada, and is the only known
compound of platinum occuring in nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sperse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
disperse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spes"sart*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[From
<i>Spessart</i>, in Germany.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A manganesian variety
of garnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sp&?;tan</i>.
See <u>Spit</u>.] <def>To spit; to throw out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Spittle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spetch"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Parings and
refuse of hides, skins, etc., from which glue is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.& vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spewing</u>.] [OE. <i>spewen</i>, <i>speowen</i>, AS.
<i>sp&imacr;wan</i>;n to D. <i>spuwen</i> to spit. OS &amp; OHG.
<i>sp&imacr;wan</i>, G. <i>speien</i>, Icel. <i>sp&?;ja</i> to spew,
Sw. <i>spy</i>, Dan. <i>spye</i>, Goth. <i>spiewan</i>, th.
<i>spjauti</i>, L. <i>spuere</i> to split, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, Skr.
<i>shtiv</i>, <i>shth&imacr;v</i>.  Cf. <u>Pyke</u>, <u>Spit</u>.]
[Written also <i>spue</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To eject from the
stomach; to vomit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cast forth with abhorrence or disgust;
to eject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Because thou art lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I
will <i>spew</i> thee out of my mouth.</blockquote> <i>Rev. ii.
16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spew</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
vomit.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To eject seed, as wet land swollen with
frost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is vomited;
vomit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spew"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being spewy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spew"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wet; soggy; inclined
to spew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphac"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;: cf. F.
<i>sphac&egrave;le</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Gangrene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphac"e*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sphacelated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sphacelating</u>.] [NL. <i>sphacelare</i>,
<i>sphacelatum</i>, mortify: cf. F. <i>sphac&eacute;ler</i>. See
<u>Sphacelus</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To die, decay, or become
gangrenous, as flesh or bone; to mortify.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphac"e*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>To affect with gangrene.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sphac"e*late</hw> (?), <hw>Sphac"e*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Affected with gangrene;
mortified.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1384 !></p>

<p><hw>Sphac`e*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The process of becoming or making gangrenous;
mortification.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sphac"e*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Gangrenous part; gangrene;
slough.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sph&aelig;*ren"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?; sphere + <i>-enchyma</i> as in <i>parenchima</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Vegetable tissue composed of thin-walled rounded
cells, -- a modification of parenchyma.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sph&aelig;*rid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Sph&aelig;ridia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; a sphere.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A peculiar sense organ
found upon the exterior of most kinds of sea urchins, and consisting
of an oval or sherical head surmounting a short pedicel. It is
generally supposed to be an olfactory organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sph&aelig;"ro*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; sphere + E. <i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the
nonsexual spores found in red alg&aelig;; a tetraspore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sph&aelig;r"u*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Spherulite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphag*nic"o*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Sphagnum</i> + L. <i>colere</i> to inhabit.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Growing in moss of the genus <i>Sphagnum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphag"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to moss of the genus <i>Sphagnum</i>, or bog moss;
abounding in peat or bog moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sphag"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr/ Gr.
&?;&?;&?; a kind of moss.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of mosses having
white leaves slightly tinged with red or green and found growing in
marshy places; bog moss; peat moss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphal"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
slippery, uncertain. See <u>Blende</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Zinc
sulphide; -- called also <i>blende</i>, <i>black-jack</i>, <i>false
galena</i>, etc. See <u>Blende</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sph&egrave;ne</i>,
fr. Gr. <grk>sfh`n</grk> a wedge.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral found
usually in thin, wedge-shaped crystals of a yellow or green to black
color. It is a silicate of titanium and calcium; titanite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*neth"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sphen</i>oid
+ <i>ethmoid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to both the
sphenoidal and the ethmoidal regions of the skull, or the sphenethmoid
bone; sphenethmoidal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sphenethmoid bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone of
the skull which surrounds the anterior end of the brain in many
amphibia; the girdle bone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*neth"moid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The sphenethmoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe`neth*moid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Relating to the sphenoethmoid bone; sphenoethmoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*nis"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of penguin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"no-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to
indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the
sphenoid bone</i>; as in <i>spheno</i>maxillary,
<i>spheno</i>palatine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"no*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sfh`n</grk> a wedge + &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, a tooth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Hatteria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"no*eth*moid`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Sphenethmoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"no*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sfh`n</grk> a wedge + <i>-gram</i>.] <def>A cuneiform, or arrow-
headed, character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*nog"ra*pher</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in
sphenography; a sphenographist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe`no*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to sphenography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*nog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sphenographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sfh`n</grk> a wedge + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The art of writing in
cuneiform characters, or of deciphering inscriptions made in such
characters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;;
<grk>sfh`n</grk> a wedge + <grk>e'i^dos</grk> form: cf. F.
<i>sph&eacute;no&iuml;de</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wedge-shaped;
as, a <i>sphenoid</i> crystal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
sphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sphenoid bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>an irregularly
shaped bone in front of the occipital in the base of the skull of the
higher vertebrates. It is composed of several fetal bones which become
united the adult. See <u>Alisphenoid</u>, <u>Basisphenoid</u>,
<u>Orbitosphenoid</u>, <u>Presphenoid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A wedge-shaped crystal bounded by four equal
isosceles triangles. It is the hemihedral form of a square
pyramid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The sphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*noid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sphenoid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystalloq.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, a sphenoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*not"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Spheno-</i> +
&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, the ear.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or designating, the sphenotic bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sphenotic bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone on the
anterior side of the auditory capsule of many fishes, and connected
with, or adjoining, the sphenoid bone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*not"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
sphenotic bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a sphere or the spheres.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rounded like a sphere; sphere-shaped;
hence, symmetrical; complete; perfect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spere</i>, OF.
<i>espere</i>, F. <i>sph&egrave;re</i>, L. <i>sphaera</i>,. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; a sphere, a ball.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A
body or space contained under a single surface, which in every part is
equally distant from a point within called its
<i>center</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any globe or globular body,
especially a celestial one, as the sun, a planet, or the
earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of celestial bodies, first the sun,<BR>
A mighty <i>sphere</i>, he framed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
apparent surface of the heavens, which is assumed to be spherical and
everywhere equally distant, in which the heavenly bodies appear to
have their places, and on which the various astronomical circles, as
of right ascension and declination, the equator, ecliptic, etc., are
conceived to be drawn; an ideal geometrical sphere, with the
astronomical and geographical circles in their proper positions on
it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In ancient astronomy, one of the
concentric and eccentric revolving spherical transparent shells in
which the stars, sun, planets, and moon were supposed to be set, and
by which they were carried, in such a manner as to produce their
apparent motions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The extension of a general
conception, or the totality of the individuals or species to which it
may be applied.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Circuit or range of action, knowledge, or
influence; compass; province; employment; place of
existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be called into a huge <i>sphere</i>, and not to be
seen to move in 't.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Taking her out of the ordinary relations with humanity,
and inclosing her in a <i>sphere</i> by herself.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each in his hidden <i>sphere</i> of joy or woe<BR>
Our hermit spirits dwell.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Rank; order of society; social
positions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An orbit, as of a star; a socket.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Armillary sphere</b></col>, <col><b>Crystalline
sphere</b></col>, <col><b>Oblique sphere</b></col>,. <cd>See under
<u>Armillary</u>, <u>Crystalline</u>,.</cd> -- <col><b>Doctrine of the
sphere</b></col>, <cd>applications of the principles of spherical
trigonometry to the properties and relations of the circles of the
sphere, and the problems connected with them, in astronomy and
geography, as to the latitudes and longitudes, distance and bearing,
of places on the earth, and the right ascension and declination,
altitude and azimuth, rising and setting, etc., of the heavenly
bodies; spherical geometry.</cd> -- <col><b>Music of the
spheres</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Music</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Globe; orb; circle. See <u>Globe</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sphered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sphering</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place in a sphere, or
among the spheres; to insphere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The glorious planet Sol<BR>
In noble eminence enthroned and <i>sphered</i><BR>
Amidst the other.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form into roundness; to make spherical,
or spheral; to perfect.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spher"ic*al</hw> (?), <hw>Spher"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sphaericus</i>, Gr. &?;&?;&?;: cf. F.
<i>sph&eacute;rique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of a
sphere; like a sphere; globular; orbicular; as, a <i>spherical</i>
body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a sphere.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the heavenly orbs, or
to the sphere or spheres in which, according to ancient astronomy and
astrology, they were set.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Knaves, thieves, and treachers by <i>spherical</i>
predominance.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though the stars were suns, and overburned<BR>
Their <i>spheric</i> limitations.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spherical angle</b></col>, <col><b>Spherical
co&ouml;rdinate</b></col>, <col><b>Spherical excess</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Angle</u>, <u>Coordinate</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical geometry</b></col>, <cd>that branch of geometry
which treats of spherical magnitudes; the doctrine of the sphere,
especially of the circles described on its surface.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical harmonic analysis</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Harmonic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Spherical
lune</b></col>,<cd>portion of the surface of a sphere included between
two great semicircles having a common diameter.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical opening</b></col>, <cd>the magnitude of a solid
angle. It is measured by the portion within the solid angle of the
surface of any sphere whose center is the angular point.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical polygon</b></col>,<cd>portion of the surface of a
sphere bounded by the arcs of three or more great circles.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical projection</b></col>, <cd>the projection of the
circles of the sphere upon a plane. See <u>Projection</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical sector</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Sector</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Spherical segment</b></col>, <cd>the segment of a sphere.
See under <u>Segment</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spherical
triangle</b></col>,<cd>re on the surface of a sphere, bounded by the
arcs of three great circles which intersect each other.</cd> --
<col><b>Spherical trigonometry</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Trigonometry</u>.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spher"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spher"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*ric"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sph&eacute;ricit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
spherial; roundness; as, the <i>sphericity</i> of the planets, or of a
drop of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
sphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>The doctrine of the sphere; the science of the properties and
relations of the circles, figures, and other magnitudes of a sphere,
produced by planes intersecting it; spherical geometry and
trigonometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sphe`ro*bac*te"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Spherobacterium</b></singw> (&?;). [NL. See <u>Sphere</u>,
<u>and Bacterium</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See the Note under
<u>Microbacteria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe`ro*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>A nonplane curve formed by the intersection of the surface of an
oblique cone with the surface of a sphere whose center is at the
vertex of the cone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sphere</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for facilitating the practical use
of spherics in navigation and astronomy, being constructed of two
cardboards containing various circles, and turning upon each other in
such a manner that any possible spherical triangle may be readily
found, and the measures of the parts read off by inspection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spheroides</i>
ball-like, spherical, Gr. &?;&?;&?;; &?;&?;&?;&?; sphere + &?;&?;&?;
form: cf. F. <i>sph&eacute;ro&iuml;de</i>.] <def>A body or figure
approaching to a sphere, but not perfectly spherical; esp., a solid
generated by the revolution of an ellipse about one of its
axes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oblate spheroid</b></col>, <col><b>Prolate
spheroid</b></col>.  <cd>See <u>Oblate</u>, <u>Prolate</u>, and
<u>Ellipsoid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*roid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sph&eacute;ro&iuml;dal</i>.] <def>Having the form of a
spheroid.</def> -- <wf>Sphe*roid"al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Spheroidal state</b></col> <i>(Physics.)</i>, <cd>the state
of a liquid, as water, when, on being thrown on a surface of highly
heated metal, it rolls about in spheroidal drops or masses, at a
temperature several degrees below ebullition, and without actual
contact with the heated surface, -- a phenomenon due to the repulsive
force of heat, the intervention of a cushion of nonconducting vapor,
and the cooling effect of evaporation.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sphe*roid"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sphe*roid"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Spheroidal</u>.</def>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sphe`roi*dic"i*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Sphe*roid"i*ty</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being
spheroidal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"ro*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sphere</i> +
<i>-mere</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the several
symmetrical segments arranged around the central axis and composing
the body of a radiate anmal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sphere</i> +
<i>-meter</i>: cf. F. <i>sph&eacute;rom&egrave;tre</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring the curvature of
spherical surface, as of lenses for telescope, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher`o*sid"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Sphere</i> + <i>siderite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Siderite
occuring in spheroidal masses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphe"ro*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sphere</i> +
<i>-some</i> body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The body wall of any
radiate animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered or set
with spherules; having one or more rows of spherules, or minute
tubercles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spherula</i>:
cf. F. <i>sph&eacute;rule</i>.] <def>A little sphere or spherical
body; as, quicksilver, when poured upon a plane, divides itself into a
great number of minute <i>spherules</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"u*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.  F.
<i>sph&eacute;rulite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A minute spherical
crystalline body having a radiated structure, observed in some
vitreous volcanic rocks, as obsidian and pearlstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher`u*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a spherulite; characterized by the presence of
spherulites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spher"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Round; spherical; starlike.</def> [R.] "Hermia's <i>sphery</i>
eyne."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the spheres.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She can teach ye how to climb<BR>
Higher than the <i>sphery</i> chime.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sphex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;,
&?;&?;&?;, a wasp.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of sand wasps of the genus <i>Sphex</i> and allied genera.
These wasps have the abdomen attached to the thorax by a slender
pedicel. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Sand wasp</i>, under
<u>Sand</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sphex fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of small dipterous flies of the genus <i>Conops</i>
and allied genera. The form of the body is similar to that of a
sphex.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sphig*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sphygmometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphinc"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. &?;&?;&?;
to bind tight.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which surrounds, and by
its contraction tends to close, a natural opening; as, the
<i>sphincter</i> of the bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphinc"ter</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or designating, a sphincter; as, a <i>sphincter</i>
muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphin"gid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A sphinx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphin"gid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
sphinx, or the family <i>Sphingid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphinx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
<grk>sfi`gx</grk>, usually derived from <grk>sfi`ggein</grk> to bind
tight or together, as if the Throttler.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In Egyptian art, an image of granite or
porphyry, having a human head, or the head of a ram or of a hawk, upon
the wingless body of a lion.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The awful ruins of the days of old . . .<BR>
Or jasper tomb, or mutilated <i>sphinx</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>On Greek art and mythology, a she-monster,
usually represented as having the winged body of a lion, and the face
and breast of a young woman.</def> The most famous Grecian sphinx,
that of Thebes in B&oelig;otia, is said to have proposed a riddle to
the Thebans, and killed those who were unable to guess it. The enigma
was solved by &OElig;dipus, whereupon the sphinx slew herself. "Subtle
as <i>sphinx</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A person of enigmatical character
and purposes, especially in politics and diplomacy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of large moths of the family <i>Sphingid&aelig;</i>; -- called
also <i>hawk moth</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The larva is a stout naked caterpillar which, when at rest,
often assumes a position suggesting the Egyptian sphinx, whence the
name.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Guinea, or sphinx,
baboon (<i>Cynocephalus sphinx</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sphinx baboon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
West African baboon (<i>Cynocephalus sphinx</i>), often kept in
menageries.</cd> -- <col><b>Sphinx moth</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Sphinx</u>, 3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sphrag"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>sphragis</i>,
<i>-idis</i>, Lemnian earth, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;, a seal; --
so called because sold in sealed packets.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Lemnian
earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphra*gis"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
of or for sealing, fr. &?;&?;&?; a seal.] <def>The science of seals,
their history, age, distinctions, etc., esp. as verifying the age and
genuiness of documents.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sphri*go"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; to be full of strength.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A condition of
vegetation in which there is too abundant growth of the stem and
leaves, accompanied by deficiency of flowers and fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; the
pulse.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
pulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg"mo*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
pulse + <i>-gram</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A tracing, called a
pulse tracing, consisting of a series of curves corresponding with the
beats of the heart, obtained by the application of the
sphygmograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
the pulse + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument
which, when applied over an artery, indicates graphically the
movements or character of the pulse. See <u>Sphygmogram</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg`mo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Phusiol.)</i> <def>Relating to, or produced by, a sphygmograph;
as, a <i>sphygmographic</i> tracing.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1385 !></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; pulse + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An
instrument for measuring the strength of the pulse beat; a
sphygmograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg"mo*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
the pulse + &?;&?;&?; sound.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An electrical
instrument for determining by the ear the rhythm of the pulse of a
person at a distance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphyg"mo*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
the pulse + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sphygmograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sphy*r&aelig;"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>sphyraena</i> a kind of sea fish (Gr. <grk>sfy`raina</grk>) + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
<i>Sphyr&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>, a family of marine fishes including the
barracudas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spy; a
scout.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Spi"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spic&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., an ear, as of corn.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of bandage passing, by
successive turns and crosses, from an extremity to the trunk; -- so
called from its resemblance to a spike of a barley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A star of the first
magnitude situated in the constellation Virgo.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spi"cate</hw> (?), <hw>Spi"ca*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>spicare</i>
furnish with spikes, or ears, fr. <i>spica</i> a spike, or ear.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form of a spike, or ear; arranged in a
spike or spikes.</def>  <i>Lee.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Spic*ca"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., p. p. of
<i>spicare</i> to detach, to separate.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Detached;
separated; -- a term indicating that every note is to be performed in
a distinct and pointed manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spice</i>,
<i>spece</i>, spice, species, OF. <i>espice</i>, <i>espece</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;pice</i> spice, <i>esp&egrave;ce</i> species, fr. L.
<i>species</i> particular sort or kind, a species, a sight,
appearance, show, LL., spices, drugs, etc., of the same sort, fr. L.
<i>specere</i> to look. See <u>Spy</u>, and cf. <u>Species</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Species; kind.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spices</i> of penance ben three.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Abstain you from all evil <i>spice</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif (1. Thess,v. 22).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Justice, although it be but one entire virtue, yet is
described in two kinds of <i>spices</i>. The one is named justice
distributive, the other is called commutative.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vegetable production of many kinds,
fragrant or aromatic and pungent to the taste, as pepper, cinnamon,
nutmeg, mace, allspice, ginger, cloves, etc., which are used in
cookery and to flavor sauces, pickles, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hast thou aught in thy purse [bag] any hot
<i>spices</i>?</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, that which enriches or alters
the quality of a thing in a small degree, as spice alters the taste of
food; that which gives zest or pungency; a slight flavoring; a relish;
hence, a small quantity or admixture; a sprinkling; as, a <i>spice</i>
of mischief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So much of the will, with a <i>spice</i> of the
willful.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spiced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spicing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To season with spice, or
as with spice; to mix aromatic or pungent substances with; to flavor;
to season; as, to <i>spice</i> wine; to <i>spice</i> one's words with
wit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She 'll receive thee, but will <i>spice</i> thy
bread<BR>
With flowery poisons.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill or impregnate with the odor of
spices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>spiced</i> Indian air, by night.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To render nice or dainty; hence, to render
scrupulous.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>spiced</i> conscience."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spice"bush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Spicewood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spice"nut`</hw> (?). <def>A small crisp cake, highly
spiced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>espicier</i>, F. <i>&eacute;picier</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who seasons with spice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who deals in spice.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"cer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espicerie</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;picerie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Spices, in
general.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A repository of spices.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spice"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American shrub (<i>Lindera Benzoin</i>), the bark of which has
a spicy taste and odor; -- called also <i>Benjamin</i>, <i>wild
allspice</i>, and <i>fever bush</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spicifer</i> bearing spikes, or ears; <i>spica</i> ear +
<i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Bearing ears, or spikes; spicate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spica</i> a
spike, ear + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Spike-shaped.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ci*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a spicy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ci*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being spicy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>spik</i>. See
<u>Spike</u> a nail.] <def>A spike or nail.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Spick and span</b></col>, <cd>quite new; that is, as new as
a spike or nail just made and a chip just split; brand-new; as, a
<i>spick and span</i> novelty. See <u>Span-new</u>.</cd>
  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spick"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from <i>spike
nail</i> a large, long nail; -- so called in allusion to the shape of
its capillary leaves.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An umbelliferous herb
(<i>Meum Athamanticum</i>) having finely divided leaves, common in
Europe; -- called also <i>baldmoney</i>, <i>mew</i>, and
<i>bearwort</i>.</def> [Written also <i>spignel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Spi*cose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spica</i> a
spike, or ear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having spikes, or ears, like corn
spikes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*cos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
having, or being full of, ears like corn.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Spicose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spicul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>spica</i> a
spike, ear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A little spike; a
spikelet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A pointed fleshy
appendage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spiculum</i> a
dart: cf. F. <i>spiculaire</i>.] <def>Resembling a dart; having sharp
points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spiculatus</i>, p. p. of <i>spiculare</i> to sharpen, to point, fr.
<i>spiculum</i> a dart.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered with, or
having, spicules.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Covered with minute
spicul&aelig;, or pointed fleshy appendages; divided into small
spikelets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sharpen
to a point.</def> [R.] "With <i>spiculated</i> paling."
<i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spic"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spiculum</i> a
little point, a dart.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A minute, slender
granule, or point.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Spicula</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small calcareous or
siliceous body found in the tissues of various invertebrate animals,
especially in sponges and in most Alcyonaria.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Spicules vary exceedingly in size and shape, and some of
those found in siliceous sponges are very complex in structure and
elegant in form. They are of great use in classification.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Description of the
Illustration</i>:</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote><i>a</i> Acerate; <i>b</i> Tricurvate, <i>or</i>
Bowshaped; <i>c d</i> Hamate; <i>e</i> Broomshaped; <i>f</i>
Scepterellate; <i>g</i> Spinispirulate; <i>h</i> Inequi-anchorate;
<i>i</i> Sexradiate; <i>j</i> A Trichite Sheaf; <i>k</i> Six-rayed
Capitate; <i>l</i> Rosette of <i>Esperia</i>; <i>m</i> Equi-
anchorate.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Spi*cu"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the shape of a spicule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spic`u*lig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spiculum + -genous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing or
containing spicules.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spic`u*li*spon"gi*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of sponges including those
which have independent siliceous spicules.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spic"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spicula</b></plw> (#). [L., a little point.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Spicule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Spicier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Spiciest</u>.] [From <u>Spice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flavored with, or containing, spice or spices;
fragrant; aromatic; as, <i>spicy</i> breezes.</def> "The <i>spicy</i>
nut-brown ale."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Led by new stars, and borne by <i>spicy</i>
gales.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing, or abounding with,
spices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In hot Ceylon <i>spicy</i> forests grew.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Piquant; racy; as, a <i>spicy</i>
debate.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Aromatic; fragrant; smart; pungent; pointed; keen.
See <u>Racy</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Spi"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>spi&thorn;re</i>,
fr. AS. <i>spinnan</i> to spin; -- so named from spinning its web; cf.
D. <i>spin</i> a spider, G. <i>spinne</i>, Sw. <i>spindel</i>. Seee
<u>Spin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of arachnids comprising the order Araneina. Spiders
have the mandibles converted into poison fangs, or falcers. The
abdomen is large and not segmented, with two or three pairs of
spinnerets near the end, by means of which they spin threads of silk
to form cocoons, or nests, to protect their eggs and young. Many
species spin also complex webs to entrap the insects upon which they
prey. The eyes are usually eight in number (rarely six), and are
situated on the back of the cephalothorax. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Araneina</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Spiders are divided into two principal groups: the
Dipneumona, having two lungs: and the Tetrapneumona, having four
lungs. See <u>Mygale</u>. The former group includes several tribes;
as, the jumping spiders (see <u>Saltigrad&aelig;</u>), the wolf
spiders, or <i>Citigrad&aelig;</i> (see under <u>Wolf</u>), the crab
spiders, or <i>Laterigrad&aelig;</i> (see under <u>Crab</u>), the
garden, or geometric, spiders, or <i>Orbitell&aelig;</i> (see under
<u>Geometrical</u>, and <u>Garden</u>), and others. See <i>Bird
spider</i>, under <u>Bird</u>, <i>Grass spider</i>, under
<u>Grass</u>, <i>House spider</i>, under <u>House</u>, <i>Silk
spider</i>, under <u>Silk</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of various
other arachnids resembling the true spiders, especially certain mites,
as the red spider (see under <u>Red</u>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An iron pan with a long handle, used as a
kitchen utensil in frying food. Originally, it had long legs, and was
used over coals on the hearth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A trevet to support pans or pots over a
fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A skeleton, or frame, having
radiating arms or members, often connected by crosspieces; as, a
casting forming the hub and spokes to which the rim of a fly wheel or
large gear is bolted; the body of a piston head; a frame for
strengthening a core or mold for a casting, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spider ant</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Solitary ant</i>, under <u>Solitary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spider
crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of
maioid crabs having a more or less triangular body and ten long legs.
Some of the species grow to great size, as the great Japanese spider
crab (<i>Macrocheira Kempferi</i>), measuring sometimes more than
fifteen feet across the legs when they are extended.</cd> --
<col><b>Spider fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of parasitic dipterous insects of the family
<i>Hippoboscid&aelig;</i>. They are mostly destitute of wings, and
live among the feathers of birds and the hair of bats. Called also
<i>bird tick</i>, and <i>bat tick</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spider
hunter</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species
of East Indian sunbirds of the genus <i>Arachnothera</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spider lines</b></col>, <cd>filaments of a spider's web
crossing the field of vision in optical instruments; -- used for
determining the exact position of objects and making delicate
measurements. Fine wires, silk fibers, or lines on glass similarly
placed, are called <i>spider lines</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spider
mite</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of
several species of parasitic mites of the genus <i>Argas</i> and
allied genera. See <u>Argas</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any one
of numerous small mites injurious to plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Spider
monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species
of South American monkeys of the genus <i>Ateles</i>, having very long
legs and a long prehensile tail.</cd> -- <col><b>Spider
orchis</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European orchidaceous plant
(<i>Ophrys aranifera</i>), having flowers which resemble spiders.</cd>
-- <col><b>Spider shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any shell
of the genus <i>Pteroceras</i>. See <u>Pteroceras</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi"dered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infested by
spiders; cobwebbed.</def>  <i>Wolcott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"der*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
spider.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spi"der web"</hw> (?), or <hw>Spi"der's web"</hw>  }.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The silken web which is formed by most kinds
of spiders, particularly the web spun to entrap their prey. See
<i>Geometric spider</i>, <i>Triangle spider</i>, under
<u>Geometric</u>, and <u>Triangle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"der*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American endogenous plant (<i>Tradescantia Virginica</i>),
with long linear leaves and ephemeral blue flowers. The name is
sometimes extended to other species of the same genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spied</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spie"gel*ei`sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>spiegel</i> mirror + <i>eisen</i> iron.] <def>See <u>Spiegel
iron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spie"gel i`ron</hw> (?). [G. <i>spiegel</i> mirror + E.
<i>iron</i>.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A fusible white cast iron
containing a large amount of carbon (from three and a half to six per
cent) and some manganese. When the manganese reaches twenty-five per
cent and upwards it has a granular structure, and constitutes the
alloy <i>ferro manganese</i>, largely used in the manufacture of
Bessemer steel. Called also <i>specular pig iron</i>, <i>spiegel</i>,
and <i>spiegeleisen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Spite.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spight</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woodpecker. See
<u>Speight</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spig"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Spickenel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spig"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>spikenard</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aromatic plant of America.
See <u>Spikenard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spig"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>spick</i>,or
<i>spike</i>; cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>spiocaid</i> a spigot, Ir.
<i>spice</i> a spike. See <u>Spike</u>.] <def>A pin or peg used to
stop the vent in a cask; also, the plug of a faucet or cock.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spigot and faucet joint</b></col>, <cd>a joint for uniting
pipes, formed by the insertion of the end of one pipe, or pipe
fitting, into a socket at the end of another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi*gur"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<def>Formerly the title of the sealer of writs in chancery.</def>
<i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to LG.
<i>spiker</i>, <i>spieker</i>, a large nail, D. <i>spijker</i>, Sw.
<i>spik</i>, Dan. <i>spiger</i>, Icel. <i>sp&imacr;k</i>; all perhaps
from L. <i>spica</i> a point, an ear of grain; but in the sense of
nail more likely akin to E. <i>spoke</i> of a wheel.  Cf.
<u>Spine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of very large nail;
also, a piece of pointed iron set with points upward or
outward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling such a nail in
shape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He wears on his head the <i>corona radiata</i> . . . ;
the <i>spikes</i> that shoot out represent the rays of the
sun.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An ear of corn or grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of flower cluster in
which sessile flowers are arranged on an unbranched elongated
axis.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spike grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>either of two tall
perennial American grasses (<i>Uniola paniculata</i>, and <i>U.
latifolia</i>) having broad leaves and large flattened spikelets.</cd>
-- <col><b>Spike rush</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Rush</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spike shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any pteropod of the genus <i>Styliola</i>
having a slender conical shell.</cd> -- <col><b>Spike team</b></col>,
<cd>three horses, or a horse and a yoke of oxen, harnessed together, a
horse leading the oxen or the span.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spike</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spiked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spiking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten with spikes, or
long, large nails; as, to <i>spike</i> down planks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set or furnish with spikes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fix on a spike.</def> [R.]
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stop the vent of (a gun or cannon) by
driving a spike nail, or the like into it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spike</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>spieke</i>, L.
<i>spica</i> an ear of grain. See <u>Spikenard</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Spike lavender. See <u>Lavender</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Oil of spike</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a colorless or
yellowish aromatic oil extracted from the European broad-leaved
lavender, or aspic (<i>Lavendula Spica</i>), used in artist's varnish
and in veterinary medicine. It is often adulterated with oil of
turpentine, which it much resembles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spike"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hooded merganser.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The marbled godwit (<i>Limosa
fedoa</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Spiked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished or set
with spikes, as corn; fastened with spikes; stopped with
spikes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A youth, leaping over the <i>spiked</i> pales, . . .
was caught by those spikes.</blockquote> <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spike"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sailfish</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd></def></p>

<p><hw>Spike"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small or secondary spike; especially, one of the ultimate parts of the
in florescence of grasses. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Quaking
grass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spike"nard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[For <i>spiked
nard</i>; cf. G. <i>spieknarde</i>, NL. <i>spica nardi</i>. See
<u>Spike</u> an ear, and <u>Nard</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aromatic plant. In the United States it is the
<i>Aralia racemosa</i>, often called <i>spignet</i>, and used as a
medicine. The spikenard of the ancients is the <i>Nardostachys
Jatamansi</i>, a native of the Himalayan region.  From its blackish
roots a perfume for the hair is still prepared in India.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fragrant essential oil, as that from the
<i>Nardostachys Jatamansi</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spike"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pintail duck.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spik"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Like a spike; spikelike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>spiky</i>, vivid outbursts of metallic
vapors.</blockquote> <i>C. A. Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a sharp point, or sharp points;
furnished or armed with spikes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or by the <i>spiky</i> harrow cleared
away.</blockquote> <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spiky</i> wheels through heaps of carnage
tore.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. <i>spile</i>,
dial. G. <i>speil</i>, <i>speiler</i>, D. <i>spijl</i>. &radic;170.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small plug or wooden pin, used to stop a
vent, as in a cask.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1386 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small tube or spout inserted in a tree
for conducting sap, as from a sugar maple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A large stake driven into the ground as a
support for some superstructure; a pile.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spile hole</b></col>, <cd>a small air hole in a cask; a
vent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spile</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply with a
spile or a spigot; to make a small vent in, as a cask.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spil"i*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OD. <i>spelleken</i>
a small pin. See <u>Spill</u> a splinter.] <def>One of a number of
small pieces or pegs of wood, ivory, bone, or other material, for
playing a game, or for counting the score in a game, as in cribbage.
In the plural (<plw><b><i>spilikins</i></b></plw>), a game played with
such pieces; pushpin.</def> [Written also <i>spillikin</i>,
<i>spilliken</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Spill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [&radic;170.  Cf.
<u>Spell</u> a splinter.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bit of wood split
off; a splinter.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slender piece of anything.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A peg or pin for plugging a hole, as in a
cask; a spile.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A metallic rod or pin.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A small roll of paper, or slip of wood,
used as a lamplighter, etc.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>One of the thick laths or
poles driven horizontally ahead of the main timbering in advancing a
level in loose ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A little sum of money.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spilt</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spilling</u>.] <def>To cover or decorate with slender pieces of
wood, metal, ivory, etc.; to inlay.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spilled</u> (?), or <u>Spilt</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Spilling</u>.] [OE. <i>spillen</i>,sually, to
destroy, AS. <i>spillan</i>, <i>spildan</i>, to destroy; akin to Icel.
<i>spilla</i> to destroy, Sw. <i>spilla</i> to spill, Dan.
<i>spilde</i>,G. &amp; D. <i>spillen</i> to squander, OHG.
<i>spildan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To destroy; to kill; to put
an end to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And gave him to the queen, all at her will<BR>
To choose whether she would him save or <i>spill</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Greater glory think [it] to save than
<i>spill</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mar; to injure; to deface; hence, to
destroy by misuse; to waste.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They [the colors] disfigure the stuff and <i>spill</i>
the whole workmanship.</blockquote> <i>Puttenham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spill</i> not the morning, the quintessence of day,
in recreations.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suffer to fall or run out of a vessel;
to lose, or suffer to be scattered; -- applied to fluids and to
substances whose particles are small and loose; as, to <i>spill</i>
water from a pail; to <i>spill</i> quicksilver from a vessel; to
<i>spill</i> powder from a paper; to <i>spill</i> sand or
flour.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Spill</i> differs from <i>pour</i> in expressing
accidental loss, -- a loss or waste contrary to purpose.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to flow out and be lost or wasted;
to shed, or suffer to be shed, as in battle or in manslaughter; as, a
man <i>spills</i> another's blood, or his own blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And to revenge his blood so justly
<i>spilt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To relieve a sail from the
pressure of the wind, so that it can be more easily reefed or furled,
or to lessen the strain.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spilling line</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rope used for
spilling, or dislodging, the wind from the belly of a sail.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be destroyed, ruined, or wasted; to come to ruin; to perish; to
waste.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That thou wilt suffer innocents to
<i>spill</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be shed; to run over; to fall out, and
be lost or wasted.</def> "He was so topful of himself, that he let it
<i>spill</i> on all the company."  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spill"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, spills.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of fishing line with many hooks; a
boulter.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spil"let fish`ing</hw> (?), <hw>Spil"liard fish`ing</hw> (?),
} <def>A system or method of fishing by means of a number of hooks set
on snoods all on one line; -- in North America, called <i>trawl
fishing</i>, <i>bultow</i>, or <i>bultow fishing</i>, and <i>long-line
fishing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spil"li*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spilikin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spill"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sluiceway or
passage for superfluous water in a reservoir, to prevent too great
pressure on the dam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spilt</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spill</u>. Spilled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spil"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Spill</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Any one of the small branches on a stag's
head.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spilth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Spill</u>.]
<def>Anything spilt, or freely poured out; slop; effusion.</def>
[Archaic] "With drunken <i>spilth</i> of wine."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Choicest cates, and the flagon's best
<i>spilth</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spun</u> (?) (Archaic <pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Span</u> (&?;)); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spinning</u>.] [AS. <i>spinnan</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>spinnen</i>,
Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>spinna</i>, Dan. <i>spinde</i>, Goth. <i>spinnan</i>,
and probably to E. <i>span</i>. &radic;170.  Cf. <u>Span</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Spider</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
draw out, and twist into threads, either by the hand or machinery; as,
to <i>spin</i> wool, cotton, or flax; to <i>spin</i> goat's hair; to
produce by drawing out and twisting a fibrous material.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the yarn she [Penelope] <i>spun</i> in Ulysses'
absence did but fill Ithaca full of moths.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw out tediously; to form by a slow
process, or by degrees; to extend to a great length; -- with
<i>out</i>; as, to <i>spin</i> out large volumes on a
subject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do you mean that story is tediously <i>spun</i>
out?</blockquote> <i>Sheridan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To protract; to spend by delays; as, to
<i>spin</i> out the day in idleness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By one delay after another they <i>spin</i> out their
whole lives.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to turn round rapidly; to whirl;
to twirl; as, to <i>spin</i> a top.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To form (a web, a cocoon, silk, or the
like) from threads produced by the extrusion of a viscid, transparent
liquid, which hardens on coming into contact with the air; -- said of
the spider, the silkworm, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To shape, as malleable sheet
metal, into a hollow form, by bending or buckling it by pressing
against it with a smooth hand tool or roller while the metal revolves,
as in a lathe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To spin a yarn</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to tell a
story, esp. a long or fabulous tale.</cd> -- <col><b>To spin
hay</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to twist it into ropes for convenient
carriage on an expedition.</cd> -- <col><b>To spin street
yarn</b></col>, <cd>to gad about gossiping.</cd> [Collog.]</p>

<p><hw>Spin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To practice spinning; to work at drawing and twisting threads; to
make yarn or thread from fiber; as, the woman knows how to
<i>spin</i>; a machine or jenny <i>spins</i> with great
exactness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They neither know to <i>spin</i>, nor care to
toll.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move round rapidly; to whirl; to
revolve, as a top or a spindle, about its axis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Round about him <i>spun</i> the landscape,<BR>
Sky and forest reeled together.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With a whirligig of jubilant mosquitoes <i>spinning</i>
about each head.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stream or issue in a thread or a small
current or jet; as, blood <i>spins</i>from a vein.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move swifty; as, to <i>spin</i> along
the road in a carriage, on a bicycle, etc.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of spinning; as, the <i>spin</i> of a top; a <i>spin</i> a
bicycle.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Kinematics)</i> <def>Velocity of rotation
about some specified axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spi"na bif"i*da</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> [L., cleft spine.]
<def>A congenital malformation in which the spinal column is cleft at
its lower portion, and the membranes of the spinal cord project as an
elastic swelling from the gap thus formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the plant spinach, or the
family of plants to which it belongs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spin"ach</hw>, <hw>Spin"age</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>espinache</i>, <i>espinoche</i>, F. <i>&eacute;pinard</i>; cf.
F. <i>spinace</i>, Sp. <i>espinaca</i>; all fr. Ar.
<i>isf&amacr;n&amacr;j</i>, <i>isfin&amacr;j</i>,
<i>aspan&amacr;kh</i>, probably of Persian origin.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A common pot herb (<i>Spinacia oleracea</i>) belonging to the
Goosefoot family.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Mountain spinach</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Garden orache</i>,
under <u>Orache</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>New Zealand spinach</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a coarse herb (<i>Tetragonia expansa</i>), a poor
substitute for spinach.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; Various other pot herbs are locally called
<i>spinach</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Spi"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spinalis</i>, fr.
<i>spina</i> the spine: cf. F. <i>spinal</i>. See <u>Spine</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or in the
region of, the backbone, or vertebral column; rachidian;
vertebral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a spine or
spines.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spinal accessory nerves</b></col>, <cd>the eleventh pair of
cranial nerves in the higher vertebrates. They originate from the
spinal cord and pass forward into the skull, from which they emerge in
company with the pneumogastrics.</cd> -- <col><b>Spinal
column</b></col>, <cd>the backbone, or connected series or
vertebr&aelig; which forms the axis of the vertebrate skeleton; the
spine; rachis; vertebral column.</cd> -- <col><b>Spinal
cord</b></col>, <cd>the great nervous cord extending backward from the
brain along the dorsal side of the spinal column of a vertebrate
animal, and usually terminating in a threadlike appendage called the
<i>filum terminale</i>; the spinal, or vertebral, marrow; the myelon.
The nervous tissue consists of nerve fibers and nerve cells, the
latter being confined to the so-called <i>gray matter</i> of the
central portions of the cord, while the peripheral <i>white matter</i>
is composed of nerve fibers only. The center of the cord is traversed
by a slender canal connecting with the ventricles of the
brain.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing a spine;
spiniform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spinal</i>, fr.
<i>spinnan</i> to spin; akin to D. <i>spil</i>, G. <i>spille</i>,
<i>spindel</i>, OHG. <i>spinnala</i>. &radic;170. See <u>Spin</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The long, round, slender rod or pin in
spinning wheels by which the thread is twisted, and on which, when
twisted, it is wound; also, the pin on which the bobbin is held in a
spinning machine, or in the shuttle of a loom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slender rod or pin on which anything
turns; an axis; as, the <i>spindle</i> of a vane.</def> Specifically:
--</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The shaft, mandrel, or
arbor, in a machine tool, as a lathe or drilling machine, etc., which
causes the work to revolve, or carries a tool or center,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The vertical rod on which
the runner of a grinding mill turns.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A shaft or pipe on which
a core of sand is formed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The fusee of a watch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A long and slender stalk resembling a
spindle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A yarn measure containing, in cotton yarn,
15,120 yards; in linen yarn, 14,400 yards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid generated by the
revolution of a curved line about its base or double ordinate or
chord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
marine univalve shell of the genus <i>Rostellaria</i>; -- called also
<i>spindle stromb</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any marine
gastropod of the genus <i>Fusus</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dead spindle</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a spindle in a
machine tool that does not revolve; the spindle of the tailstock of a
lathe.</cd> -- <col><b>Live spindle</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>the
revolving spindle of a machine tool; the spindle of the headstock of a
turning lathe.</cd> -- <col><b>Spindle shell</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Spindle</u>, 7. above.</cd> --
<col><b>Spindle side</b></col>, <cd>the female side in descent; in the
female line; opposed to <i>spear side</i>.</cd> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i>
[R.] "King Lycaon, grandson, by the <i>spindle side</i>, of Oceanus."
<i>Lowell.</i> -- <col><b>Spindle tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>any shrub or tree of the genus <i>Eunymus</i>. The wood of <i>E.
Europ&aelig;us</i> was used for spindles and skewers. See
<u>Prickwood</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spindled</u>(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spindling</u> (?).] <def>To shoot or grow into a long, slender
stalk or body; to become disproportionately tall and
slender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It has begun to <i>spindle</i> into
overintellectuality.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle-legged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
long, slender legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle*legs`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
spindleshanks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle-shanked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
long, slender legs.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle*shanks`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
with slender shanks, or legs; -- used humorously or in
contempt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the shape of a spindle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Thickest in the middle, and
tapering to both ends; fusiform; -- applied chiefly to
roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle*tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pintail duck.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spin"dle*worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The larva of a noctuid mmoth (<i>Achatodes
ze&aelig;</i>) which feeds inside the stalks of corn (maize),
sometimes causing much damage. It is smooth, with a black head and
tail and a row of black dots across each segment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"dling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Long and
slender, or disproportionately tall and slender; as, a
<i>spindling</i> tree; a <i>spindling</i> boy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spina</i> thorn,
the spine; akin to <i>spica</i> a point: cf. OF. <i>espine</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;pine</i>.  Cf. <u>Spike</u>, <u>Spinet</u> a musical
instrument, <u>Spinny</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
sharp appendage to any of a plant; a thorn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
rigid and sharp projection upon any part of an animal.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the rigid and undivided fin rays of a
fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The backbone, or spinal
column, of an animal; -- so called from the projecting processes upon
the vertebr&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling the spine or backbone;
a ridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spine"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A fish having spines in, or in front of, the dorsal
fins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spine"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of Australian birds of the genus
<i>Acanthorhynchus</i>. They are related to the honey
eaters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
spines; spiny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spine"-finned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having fine supported by spinous fin rays; --
said of certain fishes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spi*nel"</hw> (?), <hw>Spi*nelle"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>spinelle</i>, or LL. <i>spinellus</i>,
perhaps from L. <i>spina</i> a thorn, a prickle, in allusion to its
pointed crystals.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occuring in
octahedrons of great hardness and various colors, as red, green, blue,
brown, and black, the red variety being the gem spinel ruby. It
consist essentially of alumina and magnesia, but commonly contains
iron and sometimes also chromium.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>spinel group</i> includes spinel proper, also
magnetite, chromite, franklinite, gahnite, etc., all of which may be
regarded as composed of a sesquioxide and a protoxide in equal
proportions.</p>

<p><hw>Spin"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bleached yarn in
making the linen tape called <i>inkle</i>; unwrought inkle.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spine"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
spine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*nes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L.
<i>spinescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>spinescere</i> to know
to grow thorny, fr. <i>spina</i> a thorn: cf. F. <i>spinescent</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Becoming hard and thorny; tapering gradually to a
rigid, leafless point; armed with spines.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espinete</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;pinette</i> (cf. It. <i>spinetta</i>), fr. L. <i>spina</i>
a thorn; -- so called because its quills resemble thorns. See
<u>Spine</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A keyed instrument of music
resembling a harpsichord, but smaller, with one string of brass or
steel wire to each note, sounded by means of leather or quill
plectrums or jacks. It was formerly much used.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dumb spinet</b></col>. <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Manichordon</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spinetum</i>. See
<u>Spinny</u>.] <def>A spinny.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spine"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one or several species of swifts of the
genus <i>Acanthylis</i>, or <i>Ch&aelig;tura</i>, and allied genera,
in which the shafts of the tail feathers terminate in rigid
spines.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several species of
South American and Central American clamatorial birds belonging to
<i>Synallaxis</i> and allied genera of the family
<i>Dendrocolaptid&aelig;</i>. They are allied to the ovenbirds.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The ruddy duck.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spine"-tailed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the tail quills ending in sharp, naked
tips.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spine-tailed swift</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Spinetail</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spin"et*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slit;
cleft.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spi*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spinifer</i>; <i>spina</i> thorn + <i>ferre</i> to produce.]
<def>Producing spines; bearing thorns or spines; thorny;
spiny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like a
spine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*nig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spiniger</i>; <i>spina</i> spine + <i>gerere</i> to bear.]
<def>Bearing a spine or spines; thorn-bearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being spiny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin`i-spir"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having spines arranged spirally. See
<u>Spicule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spink</hw> (sp&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. dial.
Sw. <i>spink</i> a kind of small bird, Gr. <grk>spi`ggos</grk>, and E.
<i>finch</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chaffinch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"na*ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A large triangular sail set upon a boom, -- used when running
before the wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, spins one skilled in spinning; a spinning
machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spider.</def> "Long-legged
<i>spinners</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A goatsucker; -- so
called from the peculiar noise it makes when darting through the
air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spinneret.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ring spinner</b></col>, <cd>a machine for spinning, in
which the twist, given to the yarn by a revolving bobbin, is regulated
by the drag of a small metal loop which slides around a ring
encircling the bobbin, instead of by a throstle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ner*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the special jointed organs situated on the under side, and
near the end, of the abdomen of spiders, by means of which they spin
their webs. Most spiders have three pairs of spinnerets, but some have
only two pairs. The ordinary silk line of the spider is composed of
numerous smaller lines jointed after issuing from the
spinnerets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ner*ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the numerous small spinning tubes on the spinnerets of
spiders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spinneys</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Same as <u>Spinny</u>.</def>
<i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1387 !></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ning</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Spin</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spinning gland</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of
the glands which form the material for spinning the silk of silkworms
and other larv&aelig;.</cd> -- <col><b>Spinning house</b></col>,
<cd>formerly a common name for a house of correction in England, the
women confined therein being employed in spinning.</cd> --
<col><b>Spinning jenny</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>an engine or
machine for spinning wool or cotton, by means of a large number of
spindles revolving simultaneously.</cd> -- <col><b>Spinning
mite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the red spider.</cd> --
<col><b>Spinning wheel</b></col>, <cd>a machine for spinning yarn or
thread, in which a wheel drives a single spindle, and is itself driven
by the hand, or by the foot acting on a treadle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spinnies</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>espinaye</i>,<i>espinoye</i>,
<i>espinei</i>, <i>espanoi</i>, F. <i>&eacute;pinaie</i>, from L.
<i>spinetum</i> a thicket of thorns, fr. <i>spina</i> a thorn. See
<u>Spine</u>.] <def>A small thicket or grove with undergrowth; a clump
of trees.</def> [Written also <i>spinney</i>, and <i>spinny</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The downs rise steep, crowned with black fir
<i>spinnies</i>.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ny</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Spiny</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Thin and long; slim; slender.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spi*nose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>spinosus</i>,
from <i>spina</i> a thorn.] <def>Full of spines; armed with thorns;
thorny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*nos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being spiny or thorny; spininess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Spinose; thorny.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of a spine or thorn;
spinelike.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spinous process of a vertebra</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>the dorsal process of the neural arch of a vertebra; a
neurapophysis.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi*no"zism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The form of
Pantheism taught by Benedict <i>Spinoza</i>, that there is but one
substance, or infinite essence, in the universe, of which the so-
called material and spiritual beings and phenomena are only modes, and
that one this one substance is God.</def> [Written also
<i>Spinosism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Spi*no"zist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in
Spinozism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spin</i> + <i>-
ster</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman who spins, or whose
occupation is to spin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She spake to <i>spinster</i> to spin it
out.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spinsters</i> and the knitters in the
sun.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man who spins.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An unmarried or single woman;
-- used in legal proceedings as a title, or addition to the
surname.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If a gentlewoman be termed a <i>spinster</i>, she may
abate the writ.</blockquote> <i>Coke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A woman of evil life and character; -- so
called from being forced to spin in a house of correction.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spin"stress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
spins.</def>  <i>T. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin"stry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of
one who spins; spinning.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spinula</i>,
dim. of <i>spina</i> a spine: cf. F. <i>spinule</i>.] <def>A minute
spine.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spin`u*les"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having small spines; somewhat thorny.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spin"u*lose`</hw> (?), <hw>Spin"u*lous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>spinuleux</i>.] <def>Covered with
small spines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Spine</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of spines; thorny; as, a <i>spiny</i>
tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a spine in shape; slender.</def>
"<i>Spiny</i> grasshoppers sit chirping."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Abounding with difficulties or
annoyances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spiny</i> deserts of scholastic
philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spiny lobster</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Rock lobster</i>, under <u>Rock</u>. See also
<u>Lobster</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spin"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spinny</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spi*o"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Spio</i> the typical genus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive
division of marine Annelida, including those that are without oral
tentacles or cirri, and have the gills, when present, mostly arranged
along the sides of the body. They generally live in burrows or
tubes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spirabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being breathed; respirable.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"a*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. <i>spiraculum</i>,
fr. <i>spirare</i> to breathe: cf. F. <i>spiracule</i>. See
<u>Spirit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The nostril, or
one of the nostrils, of whales, porpoises, and allied
animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the external openings communicating with the air tubes or
trache&aelig; of insects, myriapods, and arachnids. They are variable
in number, and are usually situated on the sides of the thorax and
abdomen, a pair to a segment. These openings are usually elliptical,
and capable of being closed. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Coleoptera</u>.</def> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tubular orifice
communicating with the gill cavity of certain ganoid and all
elasmobranch fishes. It is the modified first gill cleft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any small aperture or vent for air or other
fluid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*rac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a spiracle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*r&aelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?; a coil.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs
or perennial herbs including the meadowsweet and the
hardhack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*r&aelig;"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the meadowsweet
(<i>Spir&aelig;a</i>); formerly, designating an acid which is now
called <i>salicylic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>spiral</i>.
See <u>Spire</u> a winding line.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Winding or
circling round a center or pole and gradually receding from it; as,
the <i>spiral</i> curve of a watch spring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Winding round a cylinder or imaginary axis,
and at the same time rising or advancing forward; winding like the
thread of a screw; helical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
spiral; like a spiral.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spiral gear</b></col>, or <col><b>Spiral wheel</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a gear resembling in general a spur gear, but
having its teeth cut at an angle with its axis, or so that they form
small portions of screws or spirals.</cd> -- <col><b>Spiral
gearing</b></col>, <cd>a kind of gearing sometimes used in light
machinery, in which spiral gears, instead of bevel gears, are used to
transmit motion between shafts that are not parallel.</cd> --
<col><b>Spiral operculum</b></col>, <cd>an operculum whih has spiral
lines of growth.</cd> -- <col><b>Spiral shell</b></col>, <cd>any shell
in which the whorls form a spiral or helix.</cd> -- <col><b>Spiral
spring</b></col>. <cd>See the <i>Note</i> under <u>Spring</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>spirale</i>.
See <u>Spiral</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane curve, not re&euml;ntrant, described by a
point, called the <i>generatrix</i>, moving along a straight line
according to a mathematical law, while the line is revolving about a
fixed point called the <i>pole</i>.  Cf. <u>Helix</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which has a spiral form, as a
spiral shell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Equiangular spiral</b></col>,<cd>a plane curve which cuts
all its generatrices at the same angle. Same as <i>Logarithmic
spiral</i>, under <u>Logarithmic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spiral of
Archimedes</b></col>, <cd>a spiral the law of which is that the
generatrix moves uniformly along the revolving line, which also moves
uniformly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spi*ral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
states of being spiral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ral*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a spiral
form, manner, or direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*ra`lo*zo"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spiral</i>
+ <i>zooid</i>. So called because they often have a spiral form when
contracted.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the special defensive
zooids of certain hydroids. They have the form of long, slender
tentacles, and bear lasso cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spirans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>spirare</i> to breathe. See
<u>Spirit</u>.] <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A term used differently by
different authorities; -- by some as equivalent to <i>fricative</i>, -
- that is, as including all the continuous consonants, except the
nasals <i>m</i>, <i>n</i>, <i>ng</i>; with the further exception, by
others, of the liquids <i>r</i>, <i>l</i>, and the semivowels
<i>w</i>, <i>y</i>; by others limited to <i>f</i>, <i>v</i>, <i>th</i>
surd and sonant, and the sound of German <i>ch</i>, -- thus excluding
the sibilants, as well as the nasals, liquids, and semivowels. See
<i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 197-208.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*ran"thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; a
coil + &?;&?;&?; flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The occasional twisted
growth of the parts of a flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spiratio</i>,
fr. <i>spirare</i> to breathe.] <def>The act of breathing.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spire</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>spirare</i> to
breathe. See <u>Spirit</u>.] <def>To breathe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spire</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spire</i>,
<i>spir</i>, a blade of grass, a young shoot, AS. <i>sp&imacr;r</i>;
akin to G. <i>spier</i> a blade of grass, Dan. <i>spire</i> a sprout,
sprig, Sw. <i>spira</i> a spar, Icel. <i>sp&imacr;ra</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slender stalk or blade in vegetation; as, a
<i>spire</i> grass or of wheat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An oak cometh up a little <i>spire</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tapering body that shoots up or out to a
point in a conical or pyramidal form. Specifically <i>(Arch.)</i>, the
roof of a tower when of a pyramidal form and high in proportion to its
width; also, the pyramidal or aspiring termination of a tower which
can not be said to have a roof, such as that of Strasburg cathedral;
the tapering part of a steeple, or the steeple itself.</def> "With
glistering <i>spires</i> and pinnacles adorned."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>spire</i> of land that stand apart,<BR>
Cleft from the main.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tall <i>spire</i> from which the sound of cheerful
bells<BR>
Just undulates upon the listening ear.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A tube or fuse for
communicating fire to the chargen in blasting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The top, or uppermost point, of anything;
the summit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spire</i> and top of praises.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spire</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spiring</u>.] <def>To shoot forth, or up in, or as if in, a
spire.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not so apt to <i>spire</i> up as the other sorts,
being more inclined to branch into arms.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spire</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spira</i> coil, twist;
akin to Gr. &?;&?;&?;: cf. F. <i>spire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
spiral; a curl; a whorl; a twist.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The part of a spiral
generated in one revolution of the straight line about the pole. See
<u>Spiral</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Spire bearer</b></col>. <i>(Paleon.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Spirifer</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spired</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a spire;
being in the form of a spire; as, a <i>spired</i> steeple.</def>
<i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ri*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim., fr. L.
<i>spira</i> a coil.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of certain minute coiled
threads in the coating of some seeds. When moistened these threads
protrude in great numbers.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ri*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>spira</i> a coil + <i>ferre</i>to bear.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Any
one of numerous species of fossil brachipods of the genus
<i>Spirifer</i>, or <i>Delthyris</i>, and allied genera, in which the
long calcareous supports of the arms form a large spiral, or helix, on
each side.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spi*ril"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of L.
<i>spira</i> a coil.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A genus of common motile
micro&ouml;rganisms (<i>Spirobacteria</i>) having the form of spiral-
shaped filaments. One species is said to be the cause of relapsing
fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shooting up in a
spire or spires.</def> "The <i>spiring</i> grass."  <i>Dryton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espirit</i>,
<i>esperit</i>, F. <i>esprit</i>, L. <i>spiritus</i>, from
<i>spirare</i> to breathe, to blow.  Cf. <u>Conspire</u>,
<u>Expire</u>, <u>Esprit</u>, <u>Sprite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Air set in motion by breathing; breath; hence, sometimes, life
itself.</def> [Obs.] "All of <i>spirit</i> would deprive."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mild air, with season moderate,<BR>
Gently attempered, and disposed eo well,<BR>
That still it breathed foorth sweet <i>spirit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rough breathing; an aspirate, as the
letter <i>h</i>; also, a mark to denote aspiration; a breathing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Be it a letter or <i>spirit</i>, we have great use for
it.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Life, or living substance, considered
independently of corporeal existence; an intelligence conceived of
apart from any physical organization or embodiment; vital essence,
force, or energy, as distinct from matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The intelligent, immaterial and immortal
part of man; the soul, in distinction from the body in which it
resides; the agent or subject of vital and spiritual functions,
whether spiritual or material.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>spirit</i> in man; and the inspiration of
the Almighty giveth them understanding.</blockquote> <i>Job xxxii.
8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As the body without the <i>spirit</i> is dead, so faith
without works is dead also.</blockquote> <i>James ii. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spirit</i> is a substance wherein thinking, knowing,
doubting, and a power of moving, do subsist.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a disembodied soul; the human
soul after it has left the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was, and
the <i>spirit</i> shall return unto God who gave it.</blockquote>
<i>Eccl. xii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye gentle <i>spirits</i> far away,<BR>
With whom we shared the cup of grace.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Any supernatural being, good or bad; an
apparition; a specter; a ghost; also, sometimes, a sprite,; a fairy;
an elf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whilst young, preserve his tender mind from all
impressions of <i>spirits</i> and goblins in the dark.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Energy, vivacity, ardor, enthusiasm,
courage, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Write it then, quickly," replied Bede; and summoning
all his <i>spirits</i> together, like the last blaze of a candle going
out, he indited it, and expired.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>One who is vivacious or lively; one who
evinces great activity or peculiar characteristics of mind or temper;
as, a ruling <i>spirit</i>; a schismatic <i>spirit</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>spirits</i> as he desired to please, such would
I choose for my judges.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Temper or disposition of mind; mental
condition or disposition; intellectual or moral state; -- often in the
plural; as, to be cheerful, or in good <i>spirits</i>; to be
downhearted, or in bad <i>spirits</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God has . . . made a <i>spirit</i> of building succeed
a <i>spirit</i> of pulling down.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A perfect judge will read each work of wit<BR>
With the same <i>spirit</i> that its author writ.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Intent; real meaning; -- opposed to the
<i>letter</i>, or to <i>formal statement</i>; also, characteristic
quality, especially such as is derived from the individual genius or
the personal character; as, the <i>spirit</i> of an enterprise, of a
document, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Tenuous, volatile, airy, or vapory
substance, possessed of active qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All bodies have <i>spirits</i> . . . within
them.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Any liquid produced by distillation;
especially, alcohol, the <i>spirits</i>, or <i>spirit</i>, of wine (it
having been first distilled from wine): -- often in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Rum, whisky, brandy, gin, and
other distilled liquors having much alcohol, in distinction from wine
and malt liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A solution in alcohol of a
volatile principle.  Cf. <u>Tincture</u>.</def>  <i>U. S.
Disp.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Alchemy)</i> <def>Any one of the four
substances, sulphur, sal ammoniac, quicksilver, or arsenic (or,
according to some, orpiment).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The four <i>spirits</i> and the bodies
seven.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Dyeing)</i> <def>Stannic chloride. See
under <u>Stannic</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Spirit</i> is sometimes joined with other words, forming
compounds, generally of obvious signification; as, <i>spirit</i>-
moving, <i>spirit</i>-searching, <i>spirit</i>-stirring, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Astral spirits</b></col>, <col><b>Familiar
spirits</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Astral</u>, <u>Familiar</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Animal spirits</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>The fluid which at one time was supposed to
circulate through the nerves and was regarded as the agent of
sensation and motion; -- called also the <i>nervous fluid</i>, or
<i>nervous principle</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Physical health
and energy; frolicsomeness; sportiveness.</cd> -- <col><b>Ardent
spirits</b></col>, <cd>strong alcoholic liquors, as brandy, rum,
whisky, etc., obtained by distillation.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy
Spirit</b></col>, or <col><b>The Spirit</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>,
<cd>the Spirit of God, or the third person of the Trinity; the Holy
Ghost. <i>The spirit</i> also signifies the human spirit as influenced
or animated by the Divine Spirit.</cd> -- <col><b>Proof
spirit</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Proof</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rectified spirit</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>spirit rendered
purer or more concentrated by redistillation, so as to increase the
percentage of absolute alcohol.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit
butterfly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous
species of delicate butterflies of tropical America belonging to the
genus <i>Ithomia</i>. The wings are gauzy and nearly destitute of
scales.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit duck</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The buffle-headed duck</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The golden-eye.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit
lamp</b></col> <i>(Art)</i>, <cd>a lamp in which alcohol or methylated
spirit is burned.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit level</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Level</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit of hartshorn</b></col>.
<i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Hartshorn</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spirit of Mindererus</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an aqueous
solution of acetate of ammonium; -- named after R. <i>Minderer</i>,
physician of Augsburg.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit of nitrous
ether</b></col> <i>(Med. Chem.)</i>, <cd>a pale yellow liquid, of a
sweetish taste and a pleasant ethereal odor. It is obtained by the
distillation of alcohol with nitric and sulphuric acids, and consists
essentially of ethyl nitrite with a little acetic aldehyde. It is used
as a diaphoretic, diuretic, antispasmodic, etc.  Called also <i>sweet
spirit of niter</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit of salt</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>hydrochloric acid; -- so called because obtained
from salt and sulphuric acid.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Spirit of
sense</b></col>, <cd>the utmost refinement of sensation.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Spirits</b></col>, or
<col><b>Spirit</b></col>, <col><b>of turpentine</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>rectified oil of turpentine, a transparent,
colorless, volatile, and very inflammable liquid, distilled from the
turpentine of the various species of pine; camphine. See
<u>Camphine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit of vitriol</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>sulphuric acid; -- so called because formerly
obtained by the distillation of green vitriol.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>Spirit of vitriolic ether</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>ether;
-- often but incorrectly called <i>sulphuric ether</i>.  See
<u>Ether</u>.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Spirits</b></col>, or
<col><b>Spirit</b></col>, <col><b>of wine</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>alcohol; -- so called because formerly obtained by the
distillation of wine.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit rapper</b></col>, <cd>one
who practices spirit rapping; a "medium" so called.</cd> --
<col><b>Spirit rapping</b></col>, <cd>an alleged form of communication
with the spirits of the dead by raps. See <u>Spiritualism</u>, 3.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sweet spirit of niter</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Spirit of
nitrous ether</i>, above.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1388 !></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Life; ardor; energy; fire; courage; animatioon;
cheerfulness; vivacity; enterprise.</p>

<p><hw>Spir"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spirited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spiriting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To animate with vigor; to
excite; to encourage; to inspirit; as, civil dissensions often
<i>spirit</i> the ambition of private men; -- sometimes followed by
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many officers and private men <i>spirit</i> up and
assist those obstinate people to continue in their
rebellion.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To convey rapidly and secretly, or
mysteriously, as if by the agency of a spirit; to kidnap; -- often
with <i>away</i>, or <i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ministry had him <i>spirited</i> away, and carried
abroad as a dangerous person.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot &
Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I felt as if I had been <i>spirited</i> into some
castle of antiquity.</blockquote> <i>Willis.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spiriting away</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>causing to
leave; the offense of inducing a witness to leave a jurisdiction so as
to evade process requiring attendance at trial.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>[L.
<i>spiritalis</i> belonging to breathing.] <def>By means of the
breath.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Animated or possessed by a spirit.</def> [Obs.] "So talked the
<i>spirited</i>, sly snake."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Animated; full of life or vigor; lively;
full of spirit or fire; as, a <i>spirited</i> oration; a
<i>spirited</i> answer.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Spirited</i> is much used in composition; as in high-
<i>spirited</i>, low-<i>spirited</i>, mean-<i>spirited</i>, etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lively; vivacious; animated; ardent; active; bold;
courageous.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Spir"it*ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spir"it*ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of spirit;
spirited.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spiritful</i> and orderly life of our own grown
men.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spir"it*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spir"it*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Spiritualsm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
spiritualist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of spirit; wanting animation; wanting cheerfulness;
dejected; depressed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of vigor; wanting life, courage,
or fire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A men so faint, so <i>spiritless</i>,<BR>
So dull, so dead in lock, so woebegone.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having no breath; extinct; dead.</def> "The
<i>spiritless</i> body."  <i>Greenhill.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spir"it*less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spir"it*less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Spi`ri*to"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Spirited; spiritedly; -- a direction to perform a
passage in an animated, lively manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Spirituous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like spirit; refined;
defecated; pure.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>More refined, more <i>spirituous</i> and
pure.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ardent; active.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being spiritous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spiritualis</i>: cf. F. <i>spirituel</i>. See <u>Spirit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of spirit; not material;
incorporeal; as, a <i>spiritual</i> substance or being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is sown a natural body, it is raised a
<i>spiritual</i> body.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xv. 44.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the intellectual and
higher endowments of the mind; mental; intellectual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the moral feelings or
states of the soul, as distinguished from the external actions;
reaching and affecting the spirits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God's law is <i>spiritual</i>; it is a transcript of
the divine nature, and extends its authority to the acts of the soul
of man.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the soul or its
affections as influenced by the Spirit; controlled and inspired by the
divine Spirit; proceeding from the Holy Spirit; pure; holy; divine;
heavenly-minded; -- opposed to <i>carnal</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That I may impart unto you some <i>spiritual</i>
gift.</blockquote> <i>Rom. i. ll.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ,
who hath blessed us with all <i>spiritual</i> blessings.</blockquote>
<i>Eph. i. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are
<i>spiritual</i>, restore such an one.</blockquote> <i>Gal. vi.
1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not lay or temporal; relating to sacred
things; ecclesiastical; as, the <i>spiritual</i> functions of the
clergy; lords <i>spiritual</i> and temporal; a <i>spiritual</i>
corporation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spiritual coadjuctor</b></col>. <i>(Eccl.)</i> <cd>See the
Note under <u>Jesuit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spiritual court</b></col>
<i>(Eccl. Law)</i>, <cd>an ecclesiastical court, or a court having
jurisdiction in ecclesiastical affairs; a court held by a bishop or
other ecclesiastic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spiritual
function, office, or affair. See <u>Spirituality</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He assigns supremacy to the pope in <i>spirituals</i>,
and to the emperor in temporals.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
spiritual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The doctrine, in
opposition to the materialists, that all which exists is spirit, or
soul -- that what is called the external world is either a succession
of notions impressed on the mind by the Deity, as maintained by
Berkeley, or else the mere educt of the mind itself, as taught by
Fichte.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A belief that departed spirits hold
intercourse with mortals by means of physical phenomena, as by rappng,
or during abnormal mental states, as in trances, or the like, commonly
manifested through a person of special susceptibility, called a
<i>medium</i>; spiritism; the doctrines and practices of
spiritualists.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What is called <i>spiritualism</i> should, I think, be
called a mental species of materialism.</blockquote> <i>R. H.
Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who professes a regard for spiritual
things only; one whose employment is of a spiritual character; an
ecclesiastic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who maintains the doctrine of
spiritualism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who believes in direct intercourse with
departed spirits, through the agency of persons commonly called
<i>mediums</i>, by means of physical phenomena; one who attempts to
maintain such intercourse; a spiritist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Spiritualistic.</def>  <i>Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir`it*u*al*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Relating to, or connected with, spiritualism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir`it*u*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spiritualities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>spiritualitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>spiritualit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or
state of being spiritual; incorporeality; heavenly-
mindedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A pleasure made for the soul, suitable to its
<i>spirituality</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If this light be not spiritual, yet it approacheth
nearest to <i>spirituality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Much of our <i>spirituality</i> and comfort in public
worship depends on the state of mind in which we come.</blockquote>
<i>Bickersteth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>That which belongs to the
church, or to a person as an ecclesiastic, or to religion, as distinct
from temporalities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>During the vacancy of a see, the archbishop is guardian
of the <i>spiritualities</i> thereof.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An ecclesiastical body; the whole body of
the clergy, as distinct from, or opposed to, the temporality.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Five entire subsidies were granted to the king by the
<i>spirituality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir`it*u*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of spiritualizing, or the state of being spiritualized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Spiritualized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Spiritualizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>spiritualiser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To refine
intellectiually or morally; to purify from the corrupting influence of
the world; to give a spiritual character or tendency to; as, to
<i>spiritualize</i> soul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This seen in the clear air, and the whole
<i>spiritualized</i> by endless recollections, fills the eye and the
heart more forcibly than I can find words to say.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a spiritual meaning to; to take in
a spiritual sense; -- opposed to <i>literalize</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>To extract spirit from;
also, to convert into, or impregnate with, spirit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spiritualizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
spiritual manner; with purity of spirit; like a spirit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the mind set on spiritual things, or filled with holy desires and
affections.</def> -- <wf>Spir"it*u*al-mind`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being spiritual or spiritual-minded;
spirituality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Spirituality</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An ecclesiastical body; a
spirituality.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Spi`ri`tu`elle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Of
the nature, or having the appearance, of a spirit; pure; refined;
ethereal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir`it*u*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being spirituous; spirituousness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. (for sense 2)
F. <i>spiritueux</i>.  Cf. <u>Spiritous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the quality of spirit; tenuous in substance, and having
active powers or properties; ethereal; immaterial; spiritual;
pure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing, or of the nature of, alcoholic
(esp. distilled) spirit; consisting of refined spirit; alcoholic;
ardent; as, <i>spirituous</i> liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lively; gay; vivid; airy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind of man is of that <i>spirituous</i>, stirring
nature, that it is perpetually at work.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"it*u*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being spirituous.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spirk"et*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The planking from the waterways up to the port sills.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spirl"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sparling.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Spi`ro*bac*te"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Spirobacterium</b></singw> (&?;). [NL. See 4th <u>Spire</u>,
and <u>Bacterium</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See the Note under
<u>Microbacteria</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Spi`ro*ch&aelig;"ta</hw> (?),
<hw>||Spi`ro*ch&aelig;"te</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spira</i> a coil + Gr. &?;&?;&?; hair.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A genus
of Spirobacteria similar to Spirillum, but distinguished by its
motility. One species, the <i>Spiroch&aelig;te Obermeyeri</i>, is
supposed to be the cause of relapsing fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spirare</i>
to breathe + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for
recording the respiratory movements, as the sphygmograph does those of
the pulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spirare</i>
to breathe + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the
vital capacity of the lungs, or the volume of air which can be
expelled from the chest after the deepest possible inspiration.  Cf.
<u>Pneumatometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi*rom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of measuring the chest capacity by means of a
spirometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"ro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spirare</i>
to breathe + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A wet meter used
to determine the breathing capacity of the lungs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spi*royl"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Spi*royl"ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Spir&?;</i> meadowsweet (a source of
salicylal) + <i>-yl</i> + <i>-ic</i>, <i>-ous</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, a substance now called
<i>salicylal</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spirt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Spurt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spirt in a
scattering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spir"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of L.
<i>spira</i> a coil.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of cephalopods
having a multilocular, internal, siphunculated shell in the form of a
flat spiral, the coils of which are not in contact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the color spots, or structural parts, arranged
spirally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spir"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Spire</u> a
winding line.] <def>Of a spiral form; wreathed; curled;
serpentine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hid in the <i>spiry</i> volumes of the
snake.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spir"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [FR. <u>Spire</u> a steeple.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a spire; like a spire, tall, slender, and
tapering; abounding in spires; as, <i>spiry</i> turrets.</def>
"<i>Spiry</i> towns."  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spiss</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spissus</i>.]
<def>Thick; crowded; compact; dense.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>spiss</i> and . . . copious, yet concise,
treatise.</blockquote> <i>Brerewood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spis"sa*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rendered dense
or compact, as by evaporation; inspissated; thickened.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spissated</i> juice of the poppy.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spis"si*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spissitudo</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being spissated; as,
the <i>spissitude</i> of coagulated blood, or of any coagulum.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spite</i>, AS.
<i>spitu</i>; akin to D. <i>spit</i>, G. <i>spiess</i>, OHG.
<i>spiz</i>, Dan. <i>spid</i>. Sw. <i>spett</i>, and to G.
<i>spitz</i> pointed. &radic;170.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long,
slender, pointed rod, usually of iron, for holding meat while
roasting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small point of land running into the sea,
or a long, narrow shoal extending from the shore into the sea; as, a
<i>spit</i> of sand.</def>  <i>Cook.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The depth to which a spade goes in digging;
a spade; a spadeful.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spitting</u>.] [From <u>Spit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; cf.
<u>Speet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To thrust a spit through; to
fix upon a spit; hence, to thrust through or impale; as, to
<i>spit</i> a loin of veal.</def> "Infants <i>spitted</i> upon pikes."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spade; to dig.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To attend to a spit; to
use a spit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She's <i>spitting</i> in the kitchen.</blockquote>
<i>Old Play.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spit</u> (<u>Spat</u>, archaic); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Spitting</u>.] [AS. <i>spittan</i>; akin to G.
<i>sp&uuml;tzen</i>, Dan. <i>spytte</i>, Sw. <i>spotta</i>,Icel.
<i>sp&?;ta</i>, and prob. E. <i>spew</i>. The past tense <i>spat</i>
is due to AS. <i>sp&?;tte</i>, from <i>sp&?;tan</i> to spit.  Cf.
<u>Spat</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Spew</u>, <u>Spawl</u>,
<u>Spot</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To eject
from the mouth; to throw out, as saliva or other matter, from the
mouth.</def> "Thus <i>spit</i> I out my venom."
  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To eject; to throw out; to belch.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Spitted</i> was sometimes used as the preterit and the
past participle. "He . . . shall be mocked, and spitefully entreated,
and <i>spitted</i> on."  <i>Luke xviii. 32.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The secretion formed by
the glands of the mouth; spitle; saliva; sputum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
throw out saliva from the mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rain or snow slightly, or with
sprinkles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It had been <i>spitting</i> with rain.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To spit on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to
insult grossly; to treat with contempt.</cd> "<i>Spitting upon</i> all
antiquity."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviated from
<i>hospital</i>.] [Written also <i>spittle</i>.] <def>A
hospital.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit"al*house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
hospital.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Paper chewed,
and rolled into a ball, to be thrown as a missile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit"box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel to
receive spittle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spitch"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>spit</i>
+ <i>cock</i>.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>To split (as an eel) lengthwise,
and broil it, or fry it in hot fat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spitch"cock`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>An eel split and broiled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spitch"cocked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>Broiled or fried after being split lengthwise; -- said of
eels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit" curl`</hw> (?). <def>A little lock of hair, plastered in
a spiral form on the temple or forehead with spittle, or other
adhesive substance.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviated fr.
<i>despite</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ill-will or hatred toward
another, accompanied with the disposition to irritate, annoy, or
thwart; petty malice; grudge; rancor; despite.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the deadly <i>spite</i> that
angers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vexation; chargrin; mortification.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In spite of</b></col>, or <col><b>Spite of</b></col>,
<cd>in opposition to all efforts of; in defiance or contempt of;
notwithstanding.</cd>  "Continuing, <i>spite of</i> pain, to use a
knee after it had been slightly ibnjured." <i>H. Spenser.</i> "And
saved me <i>in spite of</i> the world, the devil, and myself."
<i>South.</i> "<i>In spite of</i> all applications, the patient grew
worse every day." <i>Arbuthnot.</i>  See Syn. under
<u>Notwithstanding</u>. -- <col><b>To owe one a spite</b></col>,
<cd>to entertain a mean hatred for him.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pique, rancor; malevolence; grudge.  --
<u>Spite</u>, <u>Malice</u>. <i>Malice</i> has more reference to the
disposition, and <i>spite</i> to the manifestation of it in words and
actions. It is, therefore, meaner than <i>malice</i>, thought not
always more criminal. " <i>Malice</i> . . . is more frequently
employed to express the dispositions of inferior minds to execute
every purpose of mischief within the more limited circle of their
abilities." <i>Cogan.</i> "Consider eke, that <i>spite</i> availeth
naught." <i>Wyatt.</i> See <u>Pique</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Spite</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spiting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be angry at; to
hate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Danes, then . . . pagans, <i>spited</i> places of
religion.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat maliciously; to try to injure or
thwart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fill with spite; to offend; to
vex.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Darius, <i>spited</i> at the Magi, endeavored to
abolish not only their learning, but their language.</blockquote>
<i>Sir. W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1389 !></p>

<p><hw>Spite"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Filled with, or
showing, spite; having a desire to vex, annoy, or injure; malignant;
malicious; as, a <i>spiteful</i> person or act.</def> <i>Shak.</i> --
<wf>Spite"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <wf>Spite"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spit"fire`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A violent,
irascible, or passionate person.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spitfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A spadeful.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having spite;
spiteful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit"ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Spitefully.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spits"cocked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Spitchcocked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Spit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Put upon a spit; pierced as if by a
spit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shot out long; -- said of antlers.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit"ted</hw>, <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Spit</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, to eject, to spit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Spit</u> to
eject from the mouth.] <def>One who ejects saliva from the
mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Spit</u> an iron
prong.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who puts meat on a spit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young deer whose
antlers begin to shoot or become sharp; a brocket, or
pricket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spital</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Spit</u> to
spade.] <def>To dig or stir with a small spade.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small sort of
spade.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Spit</u> to eject
from the mouth: cf. <u>Spattle</u>, and AS. <i>sp&amacr;tl</i>.]
<def>The thick, moist matter which is secreted by the salivary glands;
saliva; spit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spittle insect</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Cuckoo spit</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, under <u>Cuckoo</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spit"tly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like spittle;
slimy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spit*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spitbox; a
cuspidor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spit"-ven"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Poison
spittle; poison ejected from the mouth.</def> [R.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spitz" dog"</hw> (?). [G. <i>spitz</i>, <i>spitzhund</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A breed of dogs having erect ears and long
silky hair, usually white; -- called also <i>Pomeranian dog</i>, and
<i>louploup</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spitz"en*burgh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
red and yellow apple, of medium size and spicy flavor. It originated
at Newtown, on Long Island.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Splanch`napoph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Splanchnapophyses</b></plw> (#). [NL. See
<u>Splanchnic</u>, and <u>Apophysis</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Any
element of the skeleton in relation with the alimentary canal, as the
jaws and hyoidean apparatus.</def> -- <wf>Splanch`nap`o*phys"i*al</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <i> Mivart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splanch"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?; an
entrail.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the viscera;
visceral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splanch*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; an entrail + <i>-graphy</i>.]
<def>Splanchnology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splanch*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; an entrail + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy
which treats of the viscera; also, a treatise on the
viscera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splanch"no*pleure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; an entrail + &?;&?;&?;&?; side.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
inner, or visceral, one of the two lamell&aelig; into which the
vertebrate blastoderm divides on either side of the notochord, and
from which the walls of the enteric canal and the umbilical vesicle
are developed. See <u>Somatopleure</u>.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Splanch`no*pleu"ric</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Splanch`no-skel"e*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; an entrail + E. <i>skeleton</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>That part of the skeleton connected with the sense organs and the
viscera.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splanch*not"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;&?; an entrail + &?;&?;&?;&?; to cut.] <def>The
dissection, or anatomy, of the viscera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splan"drel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spandrel</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Splash</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Splashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Splashing</u>.] [Akin to <i>plash</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strike and dash about, as water, mud, etc.; to plash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spatter water, mud, etc., upon; to
wet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To strike and dash
about water, mud, etc.; to dash in such a way as to spatter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Water, or water and dirt, thrown upon anything, or thrown from a
puddle or the like; also, a spot or daub, as of matter which wets or
disfigures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A noise made by striking upon or in a
liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splash"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A guard in
the front part of vehicle, to prevent splashing by a mud or water from
the horse's heels; -- in the United States commonly called
<i>dashboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splash"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, splashes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the guarde over the wheels, as of a
carriage, locomotive, etc.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A guard to keep off splashes from
anything.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of dirty
water; wet and muddy, so as be easily splashed about;
slushy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To
spatter; to splash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splat"ter*dash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n .</i></pos>
<def>Uproar.</def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splay</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Abbrev. of
<i>display</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To display; to spread.</def>
[Obs.] "Our ensigns <i>splayed</i>."  <i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dislocate, as a shoulder bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spay; to castrate.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To turn on one side; to render oblique; to
slope or slant, as the side of a door, window, etc.</def>  <i>Oxf.
Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splay</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Displayed; spread out;
turned outward; hence, flat; ungainly; as, <i>splay</i>
shoulders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sonwthing <i>splay</i>, something blunt-edged, unhandy,
and infelicitous.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splay</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A slope or
bevel, especially of the sides of a door or window, by which the
opening is made larged at one face of the wall than at the other, or
larger at each of the faces than it is between them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splay"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Splayfeet</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A foot that is abnormally
flattened and spread out; flat foot.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Splay"foot`</hw>, <hw>Splay"foot`ed</hw>  }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a splayfoot or splayfeet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splay"mouth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Splaymouths</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A wide mouth; a mouth
stretched in derision.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splay`mouthed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
splaymouth.</def>  <i>T. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spleen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>splen</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; the milt or spleen, affection of the spleen; cf. L.
<i>lien</i>, <i>plihan</i>, <i>pl&imacr;han</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A peculiar glandlike but ductless organ found near
the stomach or intestine of most vertebrates and connected with the
vascular system; the milt. Its exact function in not known.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anger; latent spite; ill humor; malice; as,
to vent one's <i>spleen</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In noble minds some dregs remain,<BR>
Not yet purged off, of <i>spleen</i> and sour disdain.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fit of anger; choler.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sudden motion or action; a fit; a freak;
a whim.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand <i>spleens</i> bear her a thousand
ways.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Melancholy; hypochondriacal
affections.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bodies changed to various forms by
<i>spleen</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a luxury in self-dispraise:<BR>
And inward self-disparagement affords<BR>
To meditative <i>spleen</i> a grateful feast.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A fit of immoderate laughter or
merriment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy silly thought enforces my
<i>spleen</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spleen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dislke.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spleened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Deprived of the spleen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Angered; annoyed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R.
North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spleen"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Displaying, or
affected with, spleen; angry; fretful; melancholy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Myself have calmed their <i>spleenful</i>
mutiny.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then rode Geraint, a little <i>spleenful</i> yet,<BR>
Across the bridge that spann'd the dry ravine.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spleen"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spleeny; affected
with spleen; fretful.</def> -- <wf>Spleen"ish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Spleen"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spleen"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no spleen;
hence, kind; gentle; mild.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spleen"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spleen</i> +
<i>wort</i>; cf. L. <i>splenium</i>, <i>asplenium</i>, Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;. ] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any fern
of the genus <i>Asplenium</i>, some species of which were anciently
used as remedies for disorders of the spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spleen"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Irritable; peevish; fretful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spleeny</i> Lutheran, and not wholesome to<BR>
Our cause.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with nervous complaints;
melancholy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spleg"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pledget</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cloth dipped in a liquid for washing a
sore.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sple*nal"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?; spleen + &?;&?;&?; pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pain over the
region of the spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Splen"cu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Splenculi</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. of L. <i>splen</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A lienculus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>splendens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>splendere</i> to shine.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shining; glossy; beaming with light; lustrous;
as, <i>splendent</i> planets; <i>splendent</i> metals. See the Note
under 3d <u>Luster</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very conspicuous; illustrious.</def> "Great
and <i>splendent</i> fortunes."  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splen"did</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>splendidus</i>,
fr. <i>splendere</i> shine; cf. Lith. <i>splend&euml;ti</i>: cf. F.
<i>splendide</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing or displaying
splendor; shining; very bright; as, a <i>splendid</i> sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Showy; magnificent; sumptuous; pompous; as,
a <i>splendid</i> palace; a <i>splendid</i> procession or
pageant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Illustrious; heroic; brilliant; celebrated;
famous; as, a <i>splendid</i> victory or reputation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen*did"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Splendid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Splen"did*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
splendid manner; magnificently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"did*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being splendid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"did*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Splendid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splen*dif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Splendor-
bearing; splendid.</def> <i>Bale (1538).</i> "A <i>splendiferous</i>
woman." <i>Haliburton.</i> [Now used humorously.]</p>

<p><hw>Splen"dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L. fr.
<i>splendere</i> to shine: cf. F. <i>splendeur</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Great brightness; brilliant luster;
brilliancy; as, the <i>splendor</i> ot the sun.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Magnifience; pomp; parade; as, the
<i>splendor</i> of equipage, ceremonies, processions, and the
like.</def> "Rejoice in <i>splendor</i> of mine own."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Brilliancy; glory; as, the <i>splendor</i>
of a victory.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Luster; brilliancy; magnifience; gorgeousness;
display; showiness; pomp; parade; grandeur.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Splen"drous</hw> (?), <hw>Splen"dor*ous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Splendid.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splen"e*tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spleneticus</i>: cf. F. <i>spl&eacute;n&eacute;tique</i>. See
<u>Spleen</u>.] <def>Affected with spleen; malicious; spiteful;
peevish; fretful.</def> "<i>Splenetic</i> guffaw."  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You humor me when I am sick;<BR>
Why not when I am <i>splenetic</i>?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Morese; gloomy; sullen; peevish; fretful.</p>

<p><hw>Splen"e*tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person affected
with spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple*net"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Splenetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple*net"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
splenetical manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>splenium</i> a
plaster, a patch, Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a bandage.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Designating the splenial bone.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the splenial bone or
splenius muscle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Splenial bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a thin
splintlike bone on the inner side of the proximal portion of the
mandible of many vertebrates.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sple"ni*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
splenial bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>splenicus</i>,
Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;; cf. F. <i>spl&eacute;nique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the spleen; lienal; as, the <i>splenic</i>
vein.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Splenic apoplexy</b></col> or <col><b>fever</b></col>.
<i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <u>Anthrax</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Splen"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Splenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spleenish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sple*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[NL., fr. Gr.
&?;&?;&?;&?; of the spleen.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Splenetic.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Even and smooth as seemed the temperament of the
nonchalant, languid Virginian -- not <i>splenitive</i> or
rash.</blockquote> <i>T. N. Page.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sple"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L., a plaster, a
patch, from Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a bandage, compress.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The thickened posterior border of the corpus callosum; -- so
called in allusion to its shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sple"ni*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A flat muscle of the back of the neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen`i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A morbid state of the lung produced by inflammation, in which its
tissue resembles that of the spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splen"o*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;
spleen + &?;&?;&?; a tumor.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Hernia formed by the
spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
spleen + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of the spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[Gr. &?;&?;&?; spleeen
+ <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Resembling the spleen;
spleenlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
spleen + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The branch of science which treats of the
spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sple*not"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;&?;&?;
spleen + &?;&?;&?; to cut.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Dissection or anatomy of the spleen.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>An incision into the spleen; removal of the spleen
by incision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Splent</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <i>Splent coal</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Splent coal</b></col>, <cd>an inferior kind of cannel coal
from Scotch collieries; -- called also <i>splent</i>, <i>splint</i>,
and <i>splint coal</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spleu"chan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>spliuchan</i>.] <def>A pouch, as for tobacco.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splice</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spliced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Splicing</u> (?).] [D. <i>splitsen</i>, <i>splitten</i>; akin to G.
<i>splissen</i>, Sw. <i>splissa</i>, Dan. <i>splisse</i>, and E.
<i>split</i>; -- from the dividing or splitting the ends into separate
strands. See <u>Split</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To unite, as two ropes, or parts of a rope, by a particular
manner of interweaving the strands, -- the union being between two
ends, or between an end and the body of a rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unite, as spars, timbers, rails, etc.,
by lapping the two ends together, or by applying a piece which laps
upon the two ends, and then binding, or in any way making
fast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unite in marrige.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Splice grafting</b></col>.<cd>ee under
<u>Grafting</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To splice the main brace</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to give out, or drink, an extra allowance of
spirits on occasion of special exposure to wet or cold, or to severe
fatigue; hence, to take a dram.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Splice</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A junction or joining
made by splicing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spline</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
rectangular piece fitting grooves like key seats in a hub and a shaft,
so that while the one may slide endwise on the other, both must
revolve together; a feather; also, sometimes, a groove to receive such
a rectangular piece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A long, flexble piece of wood sometimes
used as a ruler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splin"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
spline.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Splining machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine tool for cutting
grooves, key seats, or slots; a slotting machine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Splint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D.
<i>splinter</i>,G. <i>splinter</i>, <i>splitter</i>, Dan.
<i>splint</i>, Sw. <i>splint</i> a kind of spike, a forelock (in
nautical use), Sw. <i>splinta</i>to splint, splinter, Dan.
<i>splinte</i>, and E. <i>split</i>. See <u>Split</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Splent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece
split off; a splinter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A thin piece of wood, or
other substance, used to keep in place, or protect, an injured part,
especially a broken bone when set.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A splint bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A disease affecting the
splint bones, as a callosity or hard excrescence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Armor.)</i> <def>One of the small
plates of metal used in making splint armor. See <i>Splint armor</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The knees and feet were defended by <i>splints</i>, or
thin plates of steel.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Splint, or splent, coal. See <i>Splent
coal</i>, under <u>Splent</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Splint armor</b></col>,<cd>a kind of ancient armor formed
of thin plates of metal, usually overlapping each other and allowing
the limbs to move freely.</cd> -- <col><b>Splint bone</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>one of the rudimentary, splintlike metacarpal or
metatarsal bones on either side of the cannon bone in the limbs of the
horse and allied animals.</cd> -- <col><b>Splint coal</b></col>.
<cd>See <i>Splent coal</i>, under <u>Splent</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Splint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Splinted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Splinting</u>.] <def>To split into splints, or thin, slender
pieces; to splinter; to shiver.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Florio.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fasten or confine with splints, as a
broken limb. See <u>Splint</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splin"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Splintered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Splintering</u>.] [Cf. LG. <i>splittern</i>, <i>splinteren</i>. See
<u>Splint</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Split</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To split or rend into long, thin pieces; to shiver; as, the
lightning <i>splinters</i> a tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After <i>splintering</i> their lances, they wheeled
about, and . . . abandoned the field to the enemy.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fasten or confine with splinters, or
splints, as a broken limb.</def>  <i>Bp. Wren.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splin"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become split
into long pieces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splin"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Splinter</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, or <u>Splint</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
thin piece split or rent off lengthwise, as from wood, bone, or other
solid substance; a thin piece; a sliver; as, <i>splinters</i> of a
ship's mast rent off by a shot.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1390 !></p>

<p><col><b>Splinter bar</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A crossbar
in a coach, which supports the springs</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The bar to which the traces are attached; a roller bolt; a
whiffletree.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Splin"ter*proof`</hw> (spl&ibreve;n"t&etilde;r*pr&oomac;f`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Proof against the splinters,
or fragments, of bursting shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splin"ter*y</hw> (-&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Consisting of splinters; resembling splinters; as, the
<i>splintery</i> fracture of a mineral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split</hw> (spl&ibreve;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Split</u> (<u>Splitted</u>, R.);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Splitting</u>.] [Probably of
Scand. or Low german origin; cf. Dan. <i>splitte</i>, LG.
<i>splitten</i>, OD. <i>splitten</i>, <i>spletten</i>, D.
<i>splijten</i>, G. <i>spleissen</i>, MHG. <i>spl&imacr;zen</i>.  Cf.
<u>Splice</u>, <u>Splint</u>, <u>Splinter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To divide lengthwise; to separate from end to end, esp. by force;
to divide in the direction of the grain layers; to rive; to cleave;
as, to <i>split</i> a piece of timber or a board; to <i>split</i> a
gem; to <i>split</i> a sheepskin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cold winter <i>split</i> the rocks in
twain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To burst; to rupture; to rend; to tear
asunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A huge vessel of exceeding hard marble <i>split</i>
asunder by congealed water.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To divide or break up into parts or
divisions, as by discord; to separate into parts or parties, as a
political party; to disunite.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To divide or separate into
components; -- often used with <i>up</i>; as, to <i>split</i> up sugar
into alcohol and carbonic acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To split hairs</b></col>, <cd>to make distinctions of
useless nicety.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Split</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
part asunder; to be rent; to burst; as, vessels <i>split</i> by the
freezing of water in them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be broken; to be dashed to
pieces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ship <i>splits</i> on the rock.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To separate into parties or factions.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To burst with laughter.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Each had a gravity would make you
<i>split</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To divulge a secret; to betray confidence;
to peach.</def> [Slang]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Blackjack)</i> <def>to divide one hand of
blackjack into two hands, allowed when the first two cards dealt to a
player have the same value.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To split on a rock</b></col>, <cd>to err fatally; to have
the hopes and designs frustrated.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Split</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A crack, or longitudinal
fissure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A breach or separation, as in a political
party; a division.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece that is split off, or made thin, by
splitting; a splinter; a fragment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Specif <i>(Leather Manuf.)</i>, one of the
sections of a skin made by dividing it into two or more
thicknesses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Faro)</i> <def>A division of a stake
happening when two cards of the kind on which the stake is laid are
dealt in the same turn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Finance)</i> <def>the substitution of more
than one share of a corporation's stock for one share.  The market
price of the stock usually drops in proportion to the increase in
outstanding shares of stock. The <i>split</i> may be in any ratio, as
a two-for-one <i>split</i>; a three-for-two <i>split</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Blackjack)</i> <def>the division by a player
of one hand of blackjack into two hands, allowed when the first two
cards dealt to a player have the same value; the player is usually
obliged to increase the amount wagered by placing a sum equal to the
original bet on the new hand thus created.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Divided; cleft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided deeply;
cleft.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Split pease</b></col>, <cd>hulled pease split for making
soup, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Split pin</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
pin with one end split so that it may be spread open to secure it in
its place.</cd> -- <col><b>Split pulley</b></col>, <cd>a parting
pulley. See under <u>Pulley</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Split ring</b></col>,
<cd>a ring with overlapped or interlocked ends which may be sprung
apart so that objects, as keys, may be strung upon the ring or removed
from it.</cd> -- <col><b>Split ticket</b></col>, <cd>a ballot
containing the names of only a portion of the candidates regularly
nominated by one party, other names being substituted for those
omitted.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Split"feet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Fissipedia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split"-tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A california market fish (<i>Pogonichthys
macrolepidotus</i>) belonging to the Carp family.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pintail duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, splits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split"-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a forked tongue, as that of snakes and
some lizards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splotch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Splash</u>.]
<def>A spot; a stain; a daub.</def>  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splotch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered or marked
with splotches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Splurge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blustering
demonstration, or great effort; a great display.</def> [Slang, U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splurge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a great
display in any way, especially in oratory.</def> [Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Splut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spluttered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spluttering</u>.] [Prov. E. <i>splutter</i>, eqivalent to
<i>sputter</i>.  Cf. <u>Sputter</u>.] <def>To speak hastily and
confusedly; to sputter.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Carleton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Splut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A confused noise, as
of hasty speaking.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Splut"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
splutters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spod"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>spodo`s</grk> ashes + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by means of
ashes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spod`o*man"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to
spodomancy, or divination by means of ashes.</def>  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spod"u*mene</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, p.
pr. pass. from &?; to burn to ashes, from <grk>spodo`s</grk> ashes;
cf. F. <i>spodum&egrave;ne</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a
white to yellowish, purplish, or emerald-green color, occuring in
prismatic crystals, often of great size. It is a silicate of aluminia
and lithia. See <u>Hiddenite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spof"fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [probably from Prov.
E. <i>spoffle</i> to be spoffish.] <def>Earnest and active in matters
of no moment; bustling.</def> [Colloq. Eng.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoil</hw> (?) (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Spoiled</u> (#) or <u>Spoilt</u> (#); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Spoiling</u>.] [F. <i>spolier</i>, OF.
<i>espoilelier</i>, fr. L. <i>spoliare</i>, fr. <i>spolium</i> spoil.
Cf. <u>Despoil</u>, <u>Spoliation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
plunder; to strip by violence; to pillage; to rob; -- with <i>of</i>
before the name of the thing taken; as, to <i>spoil</i> one of his
goods or possession.</def> "Ye shall <i>spoil</i> the Egyptians."
<i>Ex. iii. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My sons their old, unhappy sire despise,<BR>
<i>Spoiled</i> of his kingdom, and deprived of eues.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seize by violence;; to take by force; to
plunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man can enter into a strong man's house, and
<i>spoil</i> his goods, except he will first bind the strong
man.</blockquote> <i>Mark iii. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to decay and perish; to corrput;
to vitiate; to mar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spiritual pride <i>spoils</i> many graces.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To render useless by injury; to injure
fatally; to ruin; to destroy; as, to <i>spoil</i> paper; to have the
crops <i>spoiled</i> by insects; to <i>spoil</i> the eyes by
reading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To practice plunder or robbery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Outlaws, which, lurking in woods, used to break forth
to rob and <i>spoil</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lose the valuable qualities; to be
corrupted; to decay; as, fruit will soon <i>spoil</i> in warm
weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>espoille</i>, L.
<i>spolium</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is taken from
another by violence; especially, the plunder taken from an enemy;
pillage; booty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gentle gales,<BR>
Fanning their odoriferous wings, dispense<BR>
Native perfumes, and whisper whence they stole<BR>
Those balmy <i>spoils</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Public offices and their emoluments
regarded as the peculiar property of a successful party or faction, to
be bestowed for its own advantage; -- commonly in the plural; as to
the victor belong the <i>spoils</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From a principle of gratitude I adhered to the
coalition; my vote was counted in the day of battle, but I was
overlooked in the division of the <i>spoil</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is gained by strength or
effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>each science and each art his
<i>spoil</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of plundering; robbery;
aste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man that hath no music in himself,<BR>
Nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds,<BR>
Is fit for treason, stratagems, and <i>spoil</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Corruption; cause of corruption.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Villainous company hath been the <i>spoil</i> of
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The slough, or cast skin, of a serpent or
other animal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spoil bank</b></col>, <cd>a bank formed by the earth taken
from an excavation, as of a canal.</cd> -- <col><b>The spoils
system</b></col>, <cd>the theory or practice of regarding public and
their emoluments as so much plunder to be distributed among their
active partisans by those who are chosen to responsible offices of
administration.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spoil"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being spoiled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who spoils; a plunderer; a pillager; a robber; a
despoiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who corrupts, mars, or renders
useless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoil"five`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A certain game
at cards in which, if no player wins three of the five tricks possible
on any deal, the game is said to be <i>spoiled</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoil"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wasteful;
rapacious.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Spoils"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spoilsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who serves a cause or a
party for a share of the spoils; in United States politics, one who
makes or recognizes a demand for public office on the ground of
partisan service; also, one who sanctions such a policy in
appointments to the public service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoils"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
promises or distributes public offices and their emoluments as the
price of services to a party or its leaders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoke</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Speak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoke</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spoke</i>,
<i>spake</i>, AS, <i>sp&amacr;ca</i>; akin to D. <i>speek</i>, LG.
<i>speke</i>, OHG. <i>speihha</i>, G. <i>speiche</i>. &radic;170.  Cf.
<u>Spike</u> a nail.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The radius or ray of a
wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave,
and which serve to support the rim or felly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A projecting handle of a
steering wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A rung, or round, of a ladder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance for fastening the wheel of a
vehicle, to prevent it from turning in going down a hill.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To put a spoke in one's wheel</b></col>, <cd>to thwart or
obstruct one in the execution of some design.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spoke</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spoked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spoking</u>.] <def>To furnish with spokes, as a wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [p. p. of <u>Speak</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Uttered in speech; delivered by word of mouth;
oral; as, a <i>spoken</i> narrative; the <i>spoken</i> word.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by a certain manner or style
in speaking; -- often in composition; as, a pleasant-<i>spoken</i>
man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Methinks you 're better <i>spoken</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoke"shave`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
drawing knife or planing tool for dressing the spokes of wheels, the
shells of blocks, and other curved work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spokes"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spokesmen</b></plw> (#). [<i>Speak</i>, <i>spoke</i> +
<i>man</i>.] <def>One who speaks for another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall be thy <i>spokesman</i> unto the
people.</blockquote> <i>Ex. iv. 16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spo"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Spoliated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Spoliating</u> (?).] [L. <i>spoliatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>spoliare</i> spoil. See <u>Spoil</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To plunder; to pillage; to despoil; to rob.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo`li*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spoliatio</i>; cf. F. <i>spoliation</i>. See <u>Spoil</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
plundering; robbery; deprivation; despoliation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Legal <i>spoliation</i>, which will impoverish one part
of the community in order to corrupt the remainder.</blockquote>
<i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Robbery or plunder in war; especially, the
authorized act or practice of plundering neutrals at sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
act of an incumbent in taking the fruits of his benefice without
right, but under a pretended title.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A process for possession of a church in a
spiritual court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Injury done to a
document.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"li*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>spoliatif</i>.] <def>Serving to take away, diminish, or rob; esp.
<i>(Med.)</i>, serving to diminish sensibily the amount of blood in
the body; as, <i>spoliative</i> bloodletting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"li*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spoliates; a spoiler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"li*a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
spoil; destructive; spoliative.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spon*da"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Spon*da"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spondaicus</i>, <i>spondiacus</i>, Gr.
&?;: cf. F. <i>sponda&iuml;que</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Or of
pertaining to a spondee; consisting of spondees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing spondees in excess; marked by
spondees; as, a <i>spondaic</i> hexameter, <i>i. e.</i>, one which has
a spondee instead of a dactyl in the fifth foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"dee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spondeus</i>,
Gr. &?; (sc. &?;), fr. &?; a drink offering, libation, fr. &?; to pour
out, make a libation: cf. F. <i>spond&eacute;e</i>. So called because
at libations slow, solemn melodies were used, chiefly in this meter.]
<i>(pros.)</i> <def>A poetic foot of two long syllables, as in the
Latin word <i>l&emacr;g&emacr;s</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon*du"lics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Money.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spon"dyl</hw>, <hw>Spon"dyle</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spondylus</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;: cf. F.
<i>spondyle</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A joint of the backbone; a
vertebra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>An irregular, narrow, projecting part of a field.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sponge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>esponge</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;ponge</i>, L. <i>spongia</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;.  Cf.
<u>Fungus</u>, <u>Spunk</u>.] [Formerly written also <i>spunge</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of Spongi&aelig;, or Porifera. See <i>Illust.</i> and Note
under <u>Spongi&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The elastic fibrous skeleton of many
species of horny Spongi&aelig; (keratosa), used for many purposes,
especially the varieties of the genus <i>Spongia</i>. The most
valuable sponges are found in the Mediterranean and the Red Sea, and
on the coasts of Florida and the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Fig.: <def>One who lives upon others; a
pertinaceous and indolent dependent; a parasite; a sponger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any spongelike substance.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Dough before it is kneaded and
formed into loaves, and after it is converted into a light, spongy
mass by the agency of the yeast or leaven.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Iron from the puddling furnace, in a pasty condition.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Iron ore, in masses, reduced but not melted
or worked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A mop for cleaning the bore
of a cannon after a discharge. It consists of a cylinder of wood,
covered with sheepskin with the wool on, or cloth with a heavy looped
nap, and having a handle, or staff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>The extremity, or point, of a
horseshoe, answering to the heel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bath sponge</b></col>, <cd>any one of several varieties of
coarse commercial sponges, especially <i>Spongia equina</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cup sponge</b></col>, <cd>a toilet sponge growing in a cup-
shaped form.</cd> -- <col><b>Glass sponge</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Glass-
sponge</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Glove sponge</b></col>,
<cd>a variety of commercial sponge (<i>Spongia officinalis</i>,
variety <i>tubulufera</i>), having very fine fibers, native of
Florida, and the West Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Grass sponge</b></col>,
<cd>any one of several varieties of coarse commercial sponges having
the surface irregularly tufted, as <i>Spongia graminea</i>, and <i>S.
equina</i>, variety <i>cerebriformis</i>, of Florida and the West
Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Horse sponge</b></col>, <cd>a coarse
commercial sponge, especially <i>Spongia equina</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Platinum sponge</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Platinum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pyrotechnical sponge</b></col>, <cd>a
substance made of mushrooms or fungi, which are boiled in water,
dried, and beaten, then put in a strong lye prepared with saltpeter,
and again dried in an oven. This makes the black match, or tinder,
brought from Germany.</cd> -- <col><b>Sheep's-wool sponge</b></col>,
<cd>a fine and durable commercial sponge (<i>Spongia equina</i>,
variety <i>gossypina</i>) found in Florida and the West Indies. The
surface is covered with larger and smaller tufts, having the oscula
between them.</cd> -- <col><b>Sponge cake</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
sweet cake which is light and spongy.</cd> -- <col><b>Sponge
lead</b></col>, or <col><b>Spongy lead</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>metallic lead brought to a spongy form by reduction of lead salts,
or by compressing finely divided lead; -- used in secondary batteries
and otherwise.</cd> -- <col><b>Sponge tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a tropical leguminous tree (<i>Acacia Farnesiana</i>), with
deliciously fragrant flowers, which are used in perfumery.</cd> --
<col><b>Toilet sponge</b></col>, <cd>a very fine and superior variety
of Mediterranean sponge (<i>Spongia officinalis</i>, variety
<i>Mediterranea</i>); -- called also <i>turkish sponge</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To set a sponge</b></col> <i>(Cookery)</i>, <cd>to leaven a
small mass of flour, to be used in leavening a larger quantity.</cd> -
- <col><b>To throw up the sponge</b></col>, <cd>to give up a contest;
to acknowledge defeat; -- from a custom of the prize ring, the person
employed to sponge a pugilist between rounds throwing his sponge in
the air in token of defeat.</cd> [Cant or Slang] "He was too brave a
man <i>to throw up the sponge</i> to fate." <i>Lowell.</i> --
<col><b>Vegetable sponge</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Loof</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet sponge</b></col>, <cd>a fine, soft
commercial sponge (<i>Spongia equina</i>, variety
<i>meandriniformis</i>) found in Florida and the West Indies.</cd> --
<col><b>Vitreous sponge</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Glass-sponge</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Yellow sponge</b></col>, <cd>a common and valuable
commercial sponge (<i>Spongia agaricina</i>, variety <i>corlosia</i>)
found in Florida and the West Indies.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sponge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sponged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sponging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cleanse or wipe with
a sponge; as, to <i>sponge</i> a slate or a cannon; to wet with a
sponge; as, to <i>sponge</i> cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wipe out with a sponge, as letters or
writing; to efface; to destroy all trace of.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To deprive of something by
imposition.</def> "How came such multitudes of our nation . . . to be
<i>sponged</i> of their plate and their money?"  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To get by imposition or mean arts
without cost; as, to <i>sponge</i> a breakfast.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sponge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
suck in, or imbile, as a sponge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To gain by mean arts, by intrusion,
or hanging on; as, an idler <i>sponges</i> on his neighbor.</def>
<i>E. Eggleston.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fly is an intruder, and a common smell-feast, that
<i>sponges</i> upon other people's trenchers.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be converted, as dough, into a light,
spongy mass by the agency of yeast, or leaven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sponge"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spongiole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"geous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Spongious</u>.] <def>Resembling sponge; having the nature or
qualities of sponge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sponges, or uses a sponge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One employed in gathering
sponges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A parasitical dependent; a hanger-
on.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1391 !></p>

<p><hw>||Spon"gi*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sponge</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The grand division of the
animal kingdom which includes the sponges; -- called also
<i>Spongida</i>, <i>Spongiaria</i>, <i>Spongiozoa</i>, and
<i>Porifera</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the Spongi&aelig;, the soft sarcode of the body is
usually supported by a skeleton consisting of horny fibers, or of
silleceous or calcareous spicules. The common sponges contain larger
and smaller cavities and canals, and numerous small ampull&aelig;
which which are lined with ciliated cells capable of taking in solid
food. The outer surface usually has minute pores through which water
enters, and large openings for its exit. Sponges produce eggs and
spermatozoa, and the egg when fertilized undergoes segmentation to
form a ciliated embryo.</p>

<p><hw>||Spon"gi*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Spongi&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"gi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
sponge; soft and porous; porous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spon*gil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of
<i>spongia</i> a sponge.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
siliceous spongea found in fresh water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>The chemical basis of sponge tissue, a nitrogenous, hornlike
substance which on decomposition with sulphuric acid yields leucin and
glycocoll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"gi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being spongy.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spon"ging</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sponge</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Sponging house</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a bailiff's
or other house in which debtors are put before being taken to jail, or
until they compromise with their creditors. At these houses
extortionate charges are commonly made for food, lodging,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spon"gi*ole</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spongiola</i> a rose gall, small roots, dim. of <i>spongia</i>: cf.
F. <i>spongiole</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A supposed spongelike
expansion of the tip of a rootlet for absorbing water; -- called also
<i>spongelet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"gi*o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sponge +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of the microsporic siliceous
spicules which occur abundantly in the texture of sponges, and are
sometimes found fossil, as in flints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon`gi*o*pi"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, dim.
of &?; a sponge + &?; felt.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of cloth
interwoven with small pieces of sponge and rendered waterproof on one
side by a covering of rubber. When moistend with hot water it is used
as a poultice.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spon"gi*ose`</hw> (?), <hw>Spon"gi*ous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spongious</i>, <i>spongeosus</i>: cf. F.
<i>spongieux</i>. See <u>Sponge</u>.] <def>Somewhat spongy;
spongelike; full of small cavities like sponge; as, <i>spongious</i>
bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spon`gi*o*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., Gr.
&?; sponge + &?; an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Spongl&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"go*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sponge +
<i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the cells which, in
sponges, secrete the spongin, or the material of the horny
fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"goid</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sponge +
<i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling sponge; like sponge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Soft, and full of cavities; of an open, loose, pliable texture;
as, a <i>spongy</i> excrescence; <i>spongy</i> earth; <i>spongy</i>
cake; <i>spongy</i> bones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wet; drenched; soaked and soft, like
sponge; rainy.</def> "<i>Spongy</i> April."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality of imbibing fluids, like
a sponge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spongy lead</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>sponge lead. See
under <u>Sponge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spongy platinum</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Platinum</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sponk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spunk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sponsalis</i>,
fr. <i>sponsus</i> a betrothal, fr. <i>spondere</i>, <i>sponsum</i>,
to betroth. See <u>Spouse</u>, and cf. <u>Esousal</u>,
<u>Spousal</u>.] <def>Relating to marriage, or to a spouse;
spousal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from
<i>responsible</i>.] <def>responsible; worthy of credit.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Spon"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sonsio</i>, fr.
<i>spondere</i>, <i>sponsum</i>, to promise solemnly.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of becoming surety for
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Internat. Law)</i> <def>An act or engagement
on behalf of a state, by an agent not specially authorized for the
purpose, or by one who exceeds the limits of authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a pledge or agreement; responsible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He is righteous even in that representative and
<i>sponsional</i> person he put on.</blockquote> <i>Abp.
Leighton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spon"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the triangular platforms in front of,
and abaft, the paddle boxes of a steamboat.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the slanting supports under the guards of a
steamboat.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the armored
projections fitted with gun ports, used on modern war
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>spondere</i>, <i>sponsum</i>, to engage one's self. See
<u>Spose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who binds himself to answer
for another, and is responsible for his default; a surety.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who at the baptism of an infant
professes the Christian faith in its name, and guarantees its
religious education; a godfather or godmother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
a sponsor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon"sor*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of
being a sponsor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon`ta*ne"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spontaneities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>spontan&eacute;it&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality
or state of being spontaneous, or acting from native feeling,
proneness, or temperament, without constraint or external
force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Romney Leigh, who lives by diagrams,<BR>
And crosses not the <i>spontaneities</i><BR>
Of all his individual, personal life<BR>
With formal universals.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
tendency to undergo change, characteristic of both animal and
vegetable organisms, and not restrained or cheked by the
environment.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The tendency to activity
of muscular tissue, including the voluntary muscles, when in a state
of healthful vigor and refreshment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spon*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spontaneus</i>, fr. <i>sponte</i> of free will, voluntarily.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Proceding from natural feeling, temperament,
or disposition, or from a native internal proneness, readiness, or
tendency, without constraint; as, a <i>spontaneous</i> gift or
proportion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from, or acting by, internal
impulse, energy, or natural law, without external force; as,
<i>spontaneous</i> motion; <i>spontaneous</i> growth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Produced without being planted, or without
human labor; as, a <i>spontaneous</i> growth of wood.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spontaneous combustion</b></col>, <cd>combustion produced
in a substance by the evolution of heat through the chemical action of
its own elements; as, the <i>spontaneous combustion</i> of waste
matter saturated with oil.</cd> -- <col><b>Spontaneous
generation</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Generation</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Voluntary; uncompelled; willing.  --
<u>Spontaneous</u>, <u>Voluntary</u>. What is <i>voluntary</i> is the
result of a <i>volition</i>, or act of choice; it therefore implies
some degree of consideration, and may be the result of mere reason
without excited feeling. What is <i>spontaneous</i> springs wholly
from feeling, or a sudden impulse which admits of no reflection; as, a
<i>spontaneous</i> burst of applause. Hence, the term is also applied
to things inanimate when they are produced without the determinate
purpose or care of man. "Abstinence which is but <i>voluntary</i>
fasting, and . . . exercise which is but <i>voluntary</i> labor."
<i>J. Seed.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spontaneous</i> joys, where nature has its play,<BR>
The soul adopts, and owns their firstborn away.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i>
</p>

<p>-- <wf>Spon*ta"ne*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spon*ta"ne*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spon*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sponton</i>,
<i>esponton</i>, it. <i>spontone</i>, <i>spuntone</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>A kind of half-pike, or halberd, formerly borne by inferior
officers of the British infantry, and used in giving signals to the
soldiers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spook</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>spook</i>; akin to
G. <i>spuk</i>, Sw. <i>sp&ouml;ke</i>, Dan. <i>sp&ouml;gelse</i> a
specter, <i>sp&ouml;ge</i> to play, sport, joke, <i>sp&ouml;g</i> a
play, joke.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spirit; a ghost; an apparition;
a hobgoblin.</def> [Written also <i>spuke</i>.]  <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
chim&aelig;ra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spool</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spole</i>, OD.
<i>spoele</i>, D. <i>spoel</i>; akin to G. <i>spule</i>, <i>OHG</i>.
<i>spuola</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>spole</i>.] <def>A piece of cane or red
with a knot at each end, or a hollow cylinder of wood with a ridge at
each end, used to wind thread or yarn upon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spool stand</b></col>, <cd>an article holding spools of
thread, turning on pins, -- used by women at their work.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spool</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spooled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spooling</u>.] <def>To wind on a spool or spools.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spool"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, spools.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoom</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Probably fr.
<i>spum</i> foam. See <u>Spume</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To be driven
steadily and swiftly, as before a strong wind; to be driven before the
wind without any sail, or with only a part of the sails spread; to
scud under bare poles.</def> [Written also <i>spoon</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When virtue <i>spooms</i> before a prosperous gale,<BR>
My heaving wishes help to fill the sail.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoon</hw> (sp&oomac;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <u>Spoom</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We might have <i>spooned</i> before the wind as well as
they.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spon</i>, AS.
<i>sp&omacr;n</i>, a chip; akin to D. <i>spaan</i>, G. <i>span</i>,
Dan. <i>spaan</i>, Sw. <i>sp&aring;n</i>, Icel. <i>sp&aacute;nn</i>,
<i>sp&oacute;nn</i>, a chip, a spoon. &radic;170.  Cf. <u>Span-
new</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An implement consisting of a small
bowl (usually a shallow oval) with a handle, used especially in
preparing or eating food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Therefore behoveth him a full long <i>spoon</i><BR>
That shall eat with a fiend," thus heard I say.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He must have a long <i>spoon</i> that must eat with the
devil.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which resembles a spoon in shape;
esp. <i>(Fishing)</i>, a spoon bait.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A simpleton; a spooney.</def> [Slang]
<i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spoon bait</b></col> <i>(Fishing)</i>, <cd>a lure used in
trolling, consisting of a glistening metallic plate shaped like the
bowl of a spoon with a fishhook attached.</cd> -- <col><b>Spoon
bit</b></col>, <cd>a bit for boring, hollowed or furrowed along one
side.</cd> -- <col><b>Spoon net</b></col>, <cd>a net for landing
fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Spoon oar</b></col>. <cd>see under
<u>Oar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spoon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take up in, or as
in, a spoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act with
demonstrative or foolish fondness, as one in love.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spoon"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several species of wading birds of
the genera <i>Ajaja</i> and <i>Platalea</i>, and allied genera, in
which the long bill is broadly expanded and flattened at the
tip.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The roseate spoonbill of America (<i>Ajaja ajaja</i>), and
the European spoonbill (<i>Platalea leucorodia</i>) are the best
known. The royal spoonbill (<i>P. regia</i>) of Australia is white,
with the skin in front of the eyes naked and black. The male in the
breeding season has a fine crest.</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The shoveler. See <u>Shoveler</u>,
2.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The ruddy duck. See under
<u>Ruddy</u>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The paddlefish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"-billed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the bill expanded and spatulate at the
end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"drift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spoom</i> +
<i>drift</i>.] <def>Spray blown from the tops waves during a gale at
sea; also, snow driven in the wind at sea; -- written also
<i>spindrift</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weak-minded;
demonstratively fond; as, <i>spooney</i> lovers.</def> [Spelt also
<i>spoony.</i>] [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spoon"ey</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spooneye</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A weak-minded or silly person;
one who is foolishly fond.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is no doubt, whatever, that I was a lackadaisical
young <i>spooney</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spoonfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quantity which a spoon contains, or is able to contain; as, a
tea<i>spoonful</i>; a table<i>spoonful</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a small quantity.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a spoony
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"-meat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Food that is,
or must be, taken with a spoon; liquid food.</def> "Diet most upon
<i>spoon-meats</i>."  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The mountain laurel (<i>Kalmia latifolia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A gephyrean worm of the genus <i>Thalassema</i>, having a
spoonlike probiscis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Scurvy grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Spooney</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>spoor</i>; akin to
AS. <i>spor</i>, G. <i>spur</i>, and from the root of E. <i>spur</i>.
&radic;171. See <u>Spur</u>.] <def>The track or trail of any wild
animal; as, the <i>spoor</i> of an elephant; -- used originally by
travelers in South Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoor</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To follow a spoor or
trail.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Spor"a*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>spora`des</grk>.  Cf. <u>Sporadic</u>.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>Stars not included in any constellation; -- called also
<i>informed</i>, or <i>unformed</i>, stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo*ra"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sporadic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spo*rad"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; scattered,
fr. &?;, &?;, scattered, fr. &?; to sow seed, to scatter like seed:
cf. F. <i>sporadique</i>. See <u>Spore</u>.] <def>Occuring singly, or
apart from other things of the same kind, or in scattered instances;
separate; single; as, a <i>sporadic</i> fireball; a <i>sporadic</i>
case of disease; a <i>sporadic</i> example of a flower.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sporadic disease</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a disease
which occurs in single and scattered cases. See the Note under
<u>Endemic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Spo*rad"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sporadic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo*rad"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sporadic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo*ran"gi*o*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Sporangium</i> + Gr. &?; to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The axis or
receptacle in certain ferns (as <i>Trichomanes</i>), which bears the
sporangia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spo*ran"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sporangia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a sowing, seed +
&?; a receptacle.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A spore case in the cryptogamous
plants, as in ferns, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a sowing, seed,
from &?; to sow.  Cf. <u>Sperm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the minute grains in flowerless
plants, which are analogous to seeds, as serving to reproduce the
species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Spores are produced differently in the different classes of
cryptogamous plants, and as regards their nature are often so unlike
that they have only their minuteness in common. The peculiar spores of
diatoms (called <i>auxospores</i>) increase in size, and at length
acquire a siliceous coating, thus becoming new diatoms of full size.
Compare <u>Macrospore</u>, <u>Microspore</u>, <u>O&ouml;spore</u>,
<u>Restingspore</u>, <u>Sph&aelig;rospore</u>, <u>Swarmspore</u>,
<u>Tetraspore</u>, <u>Zo&ouml;spore</u>, and <u>Zygospore</u>.</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An embryo sac or embryonal vesicle in the
ovules of flowering plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A minute
grain or germ; a small, round or ovoid body, formed in certain
organisms, and by germination giving rise to a new organism; as, the
reproductive <i>spores</i> of bacteria, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the parts formed by fission in certain Protozoa. See
<i>Spore formation</i>, belw.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spore formation</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Biol)</i> <cd>A mode of reproduction resembling multitude fission,
common among Protozoa, in which the organism breaks up into a number
of pieces, or spores, each of which eventually develops into an
organism like the parent form.</cd> <i>Balfour.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The formation of reproductive cells or spores,
as in the growth of bacilli.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spo"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
sporidium.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spo`ri*dif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Sporidium</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing
sporidia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spo*rid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sporidia</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Spore</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A secondary spore, or a filament produced
from a spore, in certain kinds of minute fungi.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A spore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Bearing or producing
spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i>
+ L. <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-fy</u>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Spore formation. See <i>Spore formation</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, under <u>Spore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"ro*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> + Gr.
&?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A closed body or
conceptacle containing one or more masses of spores or
sporangia.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sporangium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"ro*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; seed + &?;
bladder.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An asexual
zooid, usually forming one of a series of larval forms in the agamic
reproduction of various trematodes and other parasitic worms. The
sporocyst generally develops from an egg, but in its turn produces
other larv&aelig; by internal budding, or by the subdivision of a part
or all of its contents into a number of minute germs. See
<u>Redia</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any protozoan when it
becomes encysted produces germs by sporulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo`ro*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> +
<i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>reproduction by spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo*rog"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> +
root of Gr. &?; to be born.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The growth or
development of an animal or a zooid from a nonsexual germ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"ro*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> + Gr.
&?; to bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A placenta.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That alternately produced form of certain
cryptogamous plants, as ferns, mosses, and the like, which is
nonsexual, but produces spores in countless numbers. In ferns it is
the leafy plant, in mosses the capsule.  Cf.
<u>O&ouml;phore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo`ro*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the nature of a sporophore.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1392 !></p>

<p><hw>Spo"ro*sac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> + sac.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A hydrozoan reproductive
zooid or gonophore which does not become medusoid in form or
structure. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Athecata</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An early or simple larval stage of trematode
worms and some other invertebrates, which is capable or reproducing
other germs by asexual generation; a nurse; a redia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spo`ro*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>spo`ros</grk> a spore + <grk>zo^,on</grk> an animal.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive division of parasitic Protozoa,
which increase by sporulation. It includes the Gregarinida.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo`ro*zo"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Spore</i> +
<i>Gr</i>. <i>&?; an animal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Zo&ouml;spore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spor"ran</hw> (sp&obreve;r"r<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gael. <i>sporan</i>.] <def>A large purse or pouch made of skin with
the hair or fur on, worn in front of the kilt by Highlanders when in
full dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sport</hw> (sp&omacr;rt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviated frm
<i>disport</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which diverts, and makes
mirth; pastime; amusement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is as <i>sport</i> a fool do mischief.</blockquote>
<i>prov. x. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>sports</i> were such as carried riches of
knowledge upon the stream of delight.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Think it but a minute spent in
<i>sport</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mock; mockery; contemptuous mirth;
derision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then make <i>sport</i> at me; then let me be your
jest.Shak.</blockquote></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That with which one plays, or which is
driven about in play; a toy; a plaything; an object of
mockery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flitting leaves, the <i>sport</i> of every
wind.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Never does man appear to greater disadvantage than when
he is the <i>sport</i> of his own ungoverned pasions.</blockquote>
<i>John Clarke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Play; idle jingle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An author who should introduce such a <i>sport</i> of
words upon our stage would meet with small applause.</blockquote>
<i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Diversion of the field, as fowling,
hunting, fishing, racing, games, and the like, esp. when money is
staked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A plant or an
animal, or part of a plant or animal, which has some peculiarity not
usually seen in the species; an abnormal variety or growth. See
<i>Sporting plant</i>, under <u>Sporting</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A sportsman; a gambler.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>In sport</b></col>, <cd>in jest; for play or
diversion.</cd> "So is the man that deceiveth his neighbor, and saith,
Am not I <i>in sport</i>?"  <i>Prov. xxvi. 19.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Play; game; diversion; frolic; mirth; mock; mockery;
jeer.</p>

<p><hw>Sport</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sported</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sporting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play; to frolic; to
wanton.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Fish], <i>sporting</i> with quick glance,<BR>
Show to the sun their waved coats dropt with gold.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To practice the diversions of the field or
the turf; to be given to betting, as upon races.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To trifle.</def> "He <i>sports</i> with his
own life."  <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>To assume
suddenly a new and different character from the rest of the plant or
from the type of the species; -- said of a bud, shoot, plant, or
animal. See <u>Sport</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To play; frolic; game; wanton.</p>

<p><hw>Sport</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
divert; to amuse; to make merry; -- used with the reciprocal
pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Against whom do ye <i>sport</i>
yourselves?</blockquote> <i>Isa. lvii. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To represent by any knd of play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>sporting</i> on thy lyre the loves of
youth.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit, or bring out, in public; to use
or wear; as, to <i>sport</i> a new equipage.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give utterance to in a sportive manner;
to throw out in an easy and copious manner; -- with <i>off</i>; as, to
<i>sport</i> off epigrams.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sport one's oak</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Oak</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Sport`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sportiveness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sport"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to sports; used in sports.</def> [R.] "<i>Sportal</i> arms."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sport"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sports; a
sportsman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As this gentleman and I have been old fellow
<i>sporters</i>, I have a frienship for him.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sport"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of sport; merry; frolicsome; full of jesting; indulging in
mirth or play; playful; wanton; as, a <i>sportful</i>
companion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Down he alights among the <i>sportful</i>
herd.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done in jest, or for mere play;
sportive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are no <i>sportful</i> productions of the
soil.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sport"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sport"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sport"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of pertaining to, or
engaging in, sport or sporrts; exhibiting the character or conduct of
one who, or that which, sports.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sporting book</b></col>, <cd>a book containing a record of
bets, gambling operations, and the like.</cd> <i>C. Kingsley.</i> --
<col><b>Sporting house</b></col>, <cd>a house frequented by sportsmen,
gamblers, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Sporting man</b></col>,
<cd>one who practices field sports; also, a horse racer, a pugilist, a
gambler, or the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Sporting plant</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant in which a single bud or offset suddenly
assumes a new, and sometimes very different, character from that of
the rest of the plant.</cd> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sport"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In sport;
sportively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The question you there put, you do it, I suppose, but
<i>sportingly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sport"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to,
engaged in, or provocate of, sport; gay; froliscome; playful;
merry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is it I<BR>
That drive thee from the <i>sportive</i> court?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sport"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sport"ive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sport"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without sport or
mirth; joyless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sport"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little person
or creature engaged in sports or in play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When again the lambkins play --<BR>
Pretty <i>sportlings</i>, full of May.</blockquote>
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sports"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sportsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who pursues the sports of
the field; one who hunts, fishes, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sports"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice of
sportsmen; skill in field sports.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spor"tu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sportul&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). [L.] <def>A gift; a present; a
prize; hence, an alms; a largess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To feed luxuriously, to frequent sports and theaters,
to run for the <i>sportula</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spor"tu*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subsisting on
alms or charitable contributions.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spor"tule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sportula</i> a
little basket, a gift, dim. of <i>sporta</i> a basket: cf. F.
<i>sortule</i>.] <def>A charitable gift or contribution; a gift; an
alms; a dole; a largess; a sportula.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spor`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The act or process of forming spores; spore formation. See
<i>Illust.</i> of Bacillus, <i>b</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spor"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>spore</i>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A small spore; a spore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spor`u*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Sporule</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Producing
sporules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot. &amp; D.
<i>spat</i>, Dan. <i>spette</i>, Sw. <i>spott</i> spittle, slaver;
from the root of E. <i>spit</i>. See <u>Spit</u> to eject from the
mouth, and cf. <u>Spatter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark on a
substance or body made by foreign matter; a blot; a place
discolored.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Out, damned <i>spot</i>! Out, I say!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stain on character or reputation;
something that soils purity; disgrace; reproach; fault;
blemish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet Chloe, sure, was formed without a
<i>spot</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small part of a different color from the
main part, or from the ground upon which it is; as, the <i>spots</i>
of a leopard; the <i>spots</i> on a playing card.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small extent of space; a place; any
particular place.</def> "Fixed to one <i>spot</i>."  <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>spot</i> to which I point is
Paradise.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"A jolly place," said he, "in times of old!<BR>
But something ails it now: the <i>spot</i> is cursed."</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of the common
domestic pigeon, so called from a spot on its head just above its
beak.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
sci&aelig;noid food fish (<i>Liostomus xanthurus</i>) of the Atlantic
coast of the United States. It has a black spot behind the shoulders
and fifteen oblique dark bars on the sides. Called also <i>goody</i>,
<i>Lafayette</i>, <i>masooka</i>, and <i>old wife</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The southern redfish, or red horse, which has
a spot on each side at the base of the tail. See
<u>Redfish</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Commodities, as merchandise and
cotton, sold for immediate delivery.</def> [Broker's Cant]</p>

<p><col><b>Crescent spot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
butterfly of the family <i>Melit&aelig;id&aelig;</i> having crescent-
shaped white spots along the margins of the red or brown wings.</cd> -
- <col><b>Spot lens</b></col> <i>(Microscopy)</i>, <cd>a condensing
lens in which the light is confined to an annular pencil by means of a
small, round diaphragm (the <i>spot</i>), and used in dark-field
ilumination; -- called also <i>spotted lens</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spot
rump</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Hudsonian godwit
(<i>Limosa h&aelig;mastica</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Spots on the
sun</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sun spot</i>, ander
<u>Sun</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>On</b></col>, or <col><b>Upon</b></col>,
<col><b>the spot</b></col>, <cd>immediately; before moving; without
changing place.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>It was determined <i>upon the spot</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i>

<b>Syn.</b> -- Stain; flaw; speck; blot; disgrace; reproach; fault;
blemish; place; site; locality.</p>

<p><hw>Spot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spotting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make visible marks upon
with some foreign matter; to discolor in or with spots; to stain; to
cover with spots or figures; as, to <i>spot</i> a garnment; to
<i>spot</i> paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark or note so as to insure
recognition; to recognize; to detect; as, to <i>spot</i> a
criminal.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stain; to blemish; to taint; to
disgrace; to tarnish, as reputation; to asperse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My virgin life no <i>spotted</i> thoughts shall
stain.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If ever I shall close these eyes but once,<BR>
May I live <i>spotted</i> for my perjury.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To spot timber</b></col>, <cd>to cut or chip it, in
preparation for hewing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become stained with
spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spot"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a spot;
especially, free from reproach or impurity; pure; untainted; innocent;
as, a <i>spotless</i> mind; <i>spotless</i> behavior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>spotless</i> virgin, and a faultless
wife.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blameless; unspotted; unblemished; pure; immaculate;
irreproachable. See <u>Blameless</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Spot"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spot"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spot"ted</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked with spots; as,
a <i>spotted</i> garment or character.</def> "The <i>spotted</i>
panther."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spotted fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a name applied
to various eruptive fevers, esp. to typhus fever and cerebro-spinal
meningitis.</cd> -- <col><b>Spotted tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an Australian tree (<i>Flindersia maculosa</i>); -- so called
because its bark falls off in spots.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spot"ted*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or quality
of being spotted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spot"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spot"ti*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being spotty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spot"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of spots;
marked with spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spous"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>espousaige</i>, from <i>espouser</i>. See <u>Spouse</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Espousal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spous"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Espousal</u>,
<u>Sponsal</u>, and <u>Spouse</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a spouse
or marriage; nuptial; matrimonial; conjugal; bridal; as,
<i>spousal</i> rites; <i>spousal</i> ornaments.</def>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spous"al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Espousal</u>,
<u>Spouse</u>.] <def>Marriage; nuptials; espousal; -- generally used
in the plural; as, the <i>spousals</i> of Hippolita.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Boweth your head under that blissful yoke . . .<BR>
Which that men clepeth <i>spousal</i> or wedlock.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>the <i>spousals</i> of the newborn year.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spouse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espous</i>,
<i>espos</i>, fem. <i>espouse</i>, F. <i>&eacute;poux</i>,
<i>&eacute;pouse</i>, fr. L. <i>sponsus</i>, <i>sponsa</i>, prop. p.
p. of <i>spondere</i>, <i>sponsum</i>, to promise solemnly, to engage
one's self.  Cf. <u>Despond</u>, <u>Espouse</u>, <u>respond</u>,
<u>Sponsor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man or woman engaged or
joined in wedlock; a married person, husband or wife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At last such grace I found, and means I wrought,<BR>
That that lady to my <i>spouse</i> had won.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A married man, in distinct from a
<i>spousess</i> or <i>married woman</i>; a bridegroom or
husband.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At which marriage was [were] no person present but the
<i>spouse</i>, the spousess, the Duchess of Bedford her mother, the
priest, two gentlewomen, and a young man.</blockquote>
<i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spouse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Espouse</u>,
and Spouse, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To wed; to espouse.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This markis hath her <i>spoused</i> with a
ring.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though <i>spoused</i>, yet wanting wedlock's
solemnize.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She was found again, and <i>spoused</i> to
Marinell.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spouse"-breach`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Adultery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spouse"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
spouse; unmarried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spous"ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wife or
bride.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spout</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spouted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spouting</u>.] [Cf. Sw. <i>sputa</i>, <i>spruta</i>, to spout, D.
<i>spuit</i> a spout, <i>spuiten</i> to spout, and E. <i>spurt</i>,
<i>sprit</i>, v., <i>sprout</i>, <i>sputter</i>; or perhaps akin to E.
<i>spit</i> to eject from the mouth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw
out forcibly and abudantly, as liquids through an office or a pipe; to
eject in a jet; as, an elephant <i>spouts</i> water from his
trunk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who kept Jonas in the fish's maw<BR>
Till he was <i>spouted</i> up at Ninivee?</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Next on his belly floats the mighty whale . . . <BR>
He <i>spouts</i> the tide.</blockquote> <i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter magniloquently; to recite in an
oratorical or pompous manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pray, <i>spout</i> some French, son.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pawn; to pledge; as, <i>spout</i> a
watch.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Spout</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
issue with with violence, or in a jet, as a liquid through a narrow
orifice, or from a spout; as, water <i>spouts</i> from a hole; blood
<i>spouts</i> from an artery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the glittering hill<BR>
Is bright with <i>spouting</i> rills.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To eject water or liquid in a
jet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter a speech, especially in a pompous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>spruta</i> a
squirt, a syringe. See <u>Spout</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That through which anything spouts; a
discharging lip, pipe, or orifice; a tube, pipe, or conductor of any
kind through which a liquid is poured, or by which it is conveyed in a
stream from one place to another; as, the <i>spout</i> of a teapot; a
<i>spout</i> for conducting water from the roof of a building.</def>
<i>Addison.</i> "A conduit with three issuing <i>spouts</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In whales . . . an ejection thereof [water] is
contrived by a fistula, or <i>spout</i>, at the head.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From silver <i>spouts</i> the grateful liquors
glide.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A trough for conducting grain, flour, etc.,
into a receptacle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A discharge or jet of water or other
liquid, esp. when rising in a column; also, a waterspout.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To put</b></col>, <col><b>shove</b></col>, or
<col><b>pop</b></col>, <col><b>up the spout</b></col>, <cd>to pawn or
pledge at a pawnbroker's; -- in allusion to the <i>spout</i> up which
the pawnbroker sent the ticketed articles.</cd> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Spout"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, spouts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spout"fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A marine animal that spouts water; -- applied especially to
certain bivalve mollusks, like the long clams (<i>Mya</i>), which
spout, or squirt out, water when retiring into their holes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spout"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
spout.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spout"shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any marine gastropod shell of the genus <i>Apporhais</i> having
an elongated siphon. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Rostrifera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprack</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>spr&aelig;kr</i> sprightly, dial. Sw. <i>spr&auml;k</i>,
<i>spr&auml;g</i>, spirited, mettlesome; or Gael. <i>spraic</i>
vigor.] <def>Quick; lively; alert.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprad</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spread</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprad"de</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Spread</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>spraka</i> a
small flounder.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young salmon.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Spray</u> a branch.]
<def>A billet of wood; a piece of timber used as a prop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spragged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spragging</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To check the motion of,
as a carriage on a steep grade, by putting a sprag between the spokes
of the wheel.</def>  <i>R. S. Poole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prop or sustain with a sprag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprag</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sprack</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sprained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spraining</u>.] [OF. <i>espreindre</i>to press, to force out, F.
<i>&eacute;preindre</i>, fr. L. <i>exprimere</i>. See <u>Express</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Spraints</u>.] <def>To weaken, as
a joint, ligament, or muscle, by sudden and excessive exertion, as by
wrenching; to overstrain, or stretch injuriously, but without
luxation; as, to <i>sprain</i> one's ankle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or result of
spraining; lameness caused by spraining; as, a bad <i>sprain</i> of
the wrist.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sprain fracture</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the separation
of a tendon from its point of insertion, with the detachment of a
shell of bone to which the tendon is attached.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spraints</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>espraintes</i>, <i>espreintes</i>, F. <i>&eacute;preintes</i> from
<i>espreinte</i> a desire to go to stool, from <i>espreindre</i>. See
<u>Sprain</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The dung of an
otter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprang</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Spring</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sprot</i>,
<i>sprotte</i>, D. <i>sprot</i>; akin to G. <i>sprotte</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small European herring
(<i>Clupea sprattus</i>) closely allied to the common herring and the
pilchard; -- called also <i>garvie</i>. The name is also applied to
small herring of different kinds.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
California surf-fish (<i>Rhacochilus toxotes</i>); -- called also
<i>alfione</i>, and <i>perch</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sprat borer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the red-
throated diver; -- so called from its fondness for sprats. See
<u>Diver</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sprat loon</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The young of the great
northern diver</cd>. [Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The red-
throated diver. See <u>Diver</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sprat mew</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the kittiwake gull.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1393 !></p>

<p><hw>Sprawl</hw> (spr&add;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sprawled</u> (spr&add;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sprawling</u>.] [OE. <i>spraulen</i>; cf. Sw.
<i>sprattla</i> to sprawl, dial. Sw. <i>spralla</i>, Dan.
<i>sp&aelig;lle</i>, <i>spr&aelig;lde</i>, D. <i>spartelen</i>,
<i>spertelen</i>, to flounder, to struggle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To spread and stretch the body or limbs carelessly in a
horizontal position; to lie with the limbs stretched out
ungracefully.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spread irregularly, as vines, plants, or
tress; to spread ungracefully, as chirography.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move, when lying down, with awkward
extension and motions of the limbs; to scramble in creeping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The birds were not fledged; but upon <i>sprawling</i>
and struggling to get clear of the flame, down they
tumbled.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprawls</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Small branches
of a tree; twigs; sprays.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spray</hw> (spr&amacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>sprag</i>. See <u>Sprig</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small shoot
or branch; a twig.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The painted birds, companions of the spring,<BR>
Hopping from <i>spray</i>, were heard to sing.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collective body of small branches; as,
the tree has a beautiful <i>spray</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And from the trees did lop the needless
<i>spray</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
side channel or branch of the runner of a flask, made to distribute
the metal in all parts of the mold.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
group of castings made in the same mold and connected by sprues formed
in the runner and its branches.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spray drain</b></col> <i>(Agric.)</i>, <cd>a drain made by
laying under earth the sprays or small branches of trees, which keep
passages open.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [probably from a Dutch or Low
German form akin to E. <i>spread</i>. See <u>Spread</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Water flying in small drops or
particles, as by the force of wind, or the dashing of waves, or from a
waterfall, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A jet of
fine medicated vapor, used either as an application to a diseased part
or to charge the air of a room with a disinfectant or a
deodorizer.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument for applying
such a spray; an atomizer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spray condenser</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <cd>an
injection condenser in which the steam is condensed by a spray of
water which mingles with it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spray</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
let fall in the form of spray.</def> [Poetic]  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw spray upon; to treat with a liquid
in the form of spray; as, to <i>spray</i> a wound, or a surgical
instrument, with carbolic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spray`board</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>See <u>Dashboard</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spread</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spread</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spreading</u>.] [OE. <i>spreden</i>, AS. <i>spr&aelig;dan</i>; akin
to D. <i>spreiden</i>, <i>spreijen</i>, LG. <i>spreden</i>,
<i>spreen</i>, <i>spreien</i>, G. <i>spreiten</i>, Dan. <i>sprede</i>,
Sw. <i>sprida</i>.  Cf. <u>Spray</u> water flying in drops.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To extend in length and breadth, or in breadth
only; to stretch or expand to a broad or broader surface or extent; to
open; to unfurl; as, to <i>spread</i> a carpet; to <i>spread</i> a
tent or a sail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bought a parcel of a field where he had
<i>spread</i> his tent.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxiii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here the Rhone<BR>
Hath <i>spread</i> himself a couch.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To extend so as to cover something; to
extend to a great or grater extent in every direction; to cause to
fill or cover a wide or wider space.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rose, as in a dance, the stately trees, and
<i>spread</i><BR>
Their branches hung with copious fruit.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To divulge; to publish, as news or fame; to
cause to be more extensively known; to disseminate; to make known
fully; as, to <i>spread</i> a report; -- often acompanied by
<i>abroad</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They, when they were departed, <i>spread</i> abroad his
fame in all that country.</blockquote> <i>Matt. ix. 31.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To propagate; to cause to affect great
numbers; as, to <i>spread</i> a disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To diffuse, as emanations or effluvia; to
emit; as, odoriferous plants <i>spread</i> their fragrance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To strew; to scatter over a surface; as, to
<i>spread</i> manure; to <i>spread</i> lime on the ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To prepare; to set and furnish with
provisions; as, to <i>spread</i> a table.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Boiled the flesh, and <i>spread</i> the
board.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To spread cloth</b></col>, <cd>to unfurl sail.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To diffuse; propogate; disperse; publish;
distribute; scatter; circulate; disseminate; dispense.</p>

<p><hw>Spread</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
extend in length and breadth in all directions, or in breadth only; to
be extended or stretched; to expand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plants, if they <i>spread</i> much, are seldom
tall.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Governor Winthrop, and his associates at Charlestown,
had for a church a large, <i>spreading</i> tree.</blockquote> <i>B.
Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be extended by drawing or beating; as,
some metals <i>spread</i> with difficulty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be made known more extensively, as
news.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be propagated from one to another; as,
the disease <i>spread</i> into all parts of the city.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spread</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Extent; compass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have got a fine <i>spread</i> of improvable
land.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expansion of parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No flower hath <i>spread</i> like that of the
woodbine.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A cloth used as a cover for a table or a
bed.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A table, as spread or furnished with a
meal; hence, an entertainment of food; a feast.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A privilege which one person buys of
another, of demanding certain shares of stock at a certain price, or
of delivering the same shares of stock at another price, within a time
agreed upon.</def> [Broker's Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>An unlimited expanse of
discontinuous points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spread</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spread</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Spread eagle</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An eagle
with outspread wings, the national emblem of the United States.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The figure of an eagle, with its wings
elevated and its legs extended; often met as a device upon military
ornaments, and the like</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Her.)</i> <cd>An
eagle displayed; an eagle with the wings and legs extended on each
side of the body, as in the double-headed eagle of Austria and Russia.
See <u>Displayed</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spread"-ea`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Characterized by a pretentious, boastful, exaggerated style;
defiantly or extravagantly bombastic; as, a <i>spread-eagle</i>
orator; a <i>spread-eagle</i> speech.</def> [Colloq.& Humorous]
</p>

<p><hw>Spread"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, spreads, expands, or
propogates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine for combining and drawing fibers
of flax to form a sliver preparatory to spinning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spread"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Increasingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best times were <i>spreadingly</i>
infected.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprech"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael.
<i>spreidh</i> cattle.] <def>Movables of an inferior description;
especially, such as have been collected by depredation.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Spree</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. <i>spre</i> a
spark, animation, spirit, Gael. <i>spraic</i>.  Cf. <u>Sprack</u>.]
<def>A merry frolic; especially, a drinking frolic; a carousal.</def>
[Colloq.]
</p>

<p><hw>Sprenge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sprengen</i>,
p. p. <i>sprent</i>, <i>spreint</i>, from AS. <i>sprengen</i> to
sprinkle. See <u>Sprinkle</u>.] <def>To sprinkle; to scatter.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (1 Pet. i. 2).</i></p>

<p><hw>Spreng"el pump`</hw> (?). <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A form of air
pump in which exhaustion is produced by a stream of mercury running
down a narrow tube, in the manner of an aspirator; -- named from the
inventor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprent</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sprenge</u>. Sprinkled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the ground with purple blood was
<i>sprent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>sprouw</i>,
<i>spruw</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Thrush.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spreynd</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sprenge</u>. Sprinkled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>spreynd</i> was holy water.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sprec</i>; akin to
Icel. <i>sprek</i> a stick.  Cf. <u>Spray</u> a branch.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small shoot or twig of a tree or other
plant; a spray; as, a <i>sprig</i> of laurel or of parsley.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A youth; a lad; -- used humorously or in
slight disparagement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sprig</i> whom I remember, with a whey-face and a
satchel, not so many years ago.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A brad, or nail without a head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small eyebolt ragged or
barbed at the point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sprigged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sprigging</u> (?).] <def>To mark or adorn with the representation
of small branches; to work with sprigs; as, to <i>sprig</i>
muslin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprigged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
sprigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprig"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of sprigs or
small branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spright</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sprite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Spirit; mind; soul; state of mind; mood.</def>
[Obs.] "The high heroic <i>spright</i>."
  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wondrous great grief groweth in my
<i>spright</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A supernatural being; a spirit; a shade; an
apparition; a ghost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forth he called, out of deep darkness dread,<BR>
Legions of <i>sprights</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To thee, O Father, Son, and Sacred
<i>Spright</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of short arrow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spright</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To haunt, as a
spright.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spright"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Spright</i>
sprite + <i>full</i>.] <def>Full of spirit or of life; earnest;
vivacious; lively; brisk; nimble; gay.</def> [Obs.] --
<wf>Spright"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Spright"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Spoke like a <i>sprightful</i> gentlemen.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Steeds <i>sprightful</i> as the light.</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spright"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of life;
dull; sluggish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spright"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sprightly; liveliness; life; briskness; vigor;
activity; gayety; vivacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In dreams, observe with what a <i>sprightliness</i> and
alacrity does she [the soul] exert herself!</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spright"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sprightlier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sprightliest</u>.] [See <u>Sprite</u>.]
<def>Sprightlike, or spiritlike; lively; brisk; animated; vigorous;
airy; gay; as, a <i>sprightly</i> youth; a <i>sprightly</i> air; a
<i>sprightly</i> dance.</def> "<i>Sprightly</i> wit and love
inspires."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sprightly</i> Sylvia trips along the
green.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprig"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The pintail duck; -- called also
<i>sprig</i>, and <i>spreet-tail</i>.</def> [Local, U.S.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sharp-tailed grouse.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spring</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Sprang</u> (?) or <u>Sprung</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sprung</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Springing</u>.] [AS. <i>springan</i>; akin to D. &amp; G.
<i>springen</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>springan</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw.
<i>springa</i>, Dan. <i>springe</i>; cf. Gr. &?; to hasten.  Cf.
<u>Springe</u>, <u>Sprinkle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To leap; to bound; to jump.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mountain stag that <i>springs</i><BR>
From height to height, and bounds along the plains.</blockquote>
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To issue with speed and violence; to move
with activity; to dart; to shoot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And sudden light<BR>
<i>Sprung</i> through the vaulted roof.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To start or rise suddenly, as from a
covert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Watchful as fowlers when their game will
<i>spring</i>.</blockquote> <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fly back; as, a bow, when bent,
<i>springs</i> back by its elastic power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To bend from a straight direction or plane
surface; to become warped; as, a piece of timber, or a plank,
sometimes <i>springs</i> in seasoning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To shoot up, out, or forth; to come to the
light; to begin to appear; to emerge; as a plant from its seed, as
streams from their source, and the like; -often followed by <i>up</i>,
<i>forth</i>, or <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till well nigh the day began to
<i>spring</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To satisfy the desolate and waste ground, and to cause
the bud of the tender herb to <i>spring</i> forth.</blockquote> <i>Job
xxxviii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not blast my <i>springing</i> hopes.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, <i>spring</i> to light; auspicious Babe, be
born.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To issue or proceed, as from a parent or
ancestor; to result, as from a cause, motive, reason, or
principle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They found] new hope to <i>spring</i><BR>
Out of despair, joy, but with fear yet linked.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To grow; to prosper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What makes all this, but Jupiter the king,<BR>
At whose command we perish, and we <i>spring</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To spring at</b></col>, <cd>to leap toward; to attempt to
reach by a leap.</cd> -- <col><b>To spring forth</b></col>, <cd>to
leap out; to rush out.</cd> -- <col><b>To spring in</b></col>, <cd>to
rush in; to enter with a leap or in haste.</cd> -- <col><b>To spring
on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to leap on; to rush on
with haste or violence; to assault.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spring</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to spring up; to start or rouse, as game; to cause to
rise from the earth, or from a covert; as, to <i>spring</i> a
pheasant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce or disclose suddenly or
unexpectedly.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>She starts, and leaves her bed, amd <i>springs</i> a
light.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The friends to the cause <i>sprang</i> a new
project.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to explode; as, to <i>spring</i> a
mine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To crack or split; to bend or strain so as
to weaken; as, to <i>spring</i> a mast or a yard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause to close suddenly, as the parts of
a trap operated by a spring; as, to <i>spring</i> a trap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To bend by force, as something stiff or
strong; to force or put by bending, as a beam into its sockets, and
allowing it to straighten when in place; -- often with <i>in</i>,
<i>out</i>, etc.; as, to <i>spring</i> in a slat or a bar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To pass over by leaping; as, to
<i>spring</i> a fence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To spring a butt</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to loosen
the end of a plank in a ship's bottom.</cd> -- <col><b>To spring a
leak</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to begin to leak.</cd> --
<col><b>To spring an arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>to build an
arch; -- a common term among masons; as, <i>to spring an arch</i> over
a lintel.</cd> -- <col><b>To spring a rattle</b></col>, <cd>to cause a
rattle to sound. See <i>Watchman's rattle</i>, under
<u>Watchman</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To spring the luff</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to ease the helm, and sail nearer to the wind than
before; -- said of a vessel.</cd> <i>Mar. Dict.</i> -- <col><b>To
spring a</b></col> <col><b>mast or spar</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to strain it so that it is unserviceable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spring</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spring</i> a
fountain, a leap. See <u>Spring</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leap; a bound; a jump.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The prisoner, with a <i>spring</i>, from prison
broke.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flying back; the resilience of a body
recovering its former state by elasticity; as, the <i>spring</i> of a
bow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Elastic power or force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heavens! what a <i>spring</i> was in his
arm!</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An elastic body of any kind, as steel,
India rubber, tough wood, or compressed air, used for various
mechanical purposes, as receiving and imparting power, diminishing
concussion, regulating motion, measuring weight or other
force.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The principal varieties of springs used in mechanisms are
the <i>spiral spring</i> (Fig. <i>a</i>), the <i>coil spring</i> (Fig.
<i>b</i>), the <i>elliptic spring</i> (Fig. <i>c</i>), the <i>half-
elliptic spring</i> (Fig. <i>d</i>), the <i>volute spring</i>, the
<i>India-rubber spring</i>, the <i>atmospheric spring</i>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any source of supply; especially, the
source from which a stream proceeds; as issue of water from the earth;
a natural fountain.</def> "All my <i>springs</i> are in thee." <i>Ps.
lxxxvii. 7.</i> "A secret <i>spring</i> of spiritual joy."
<i>Bentley.</i> "The sacred <i>spring</i> whence and honor streams."
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Any active power; that by which action, or
motion, is produced or propagated; cause; origin; motive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our author shuns by vulgar <i>springs</i> to move<BR>
The hero's glory, or the virgin's love.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That which springs, or is originated, from
a source;</def> as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A race; lineage.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chapman.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A youth; a
springal.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
shoot; a plant; a young tree; also, a grove of trees; woodland.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Spenser. Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>That which causes one to spring;
specifically, a lively tune.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The season of the year when plants begin to
vegetate and grow; the vernal season, usually comprehending the months
of March, April, and May, in the middle latitudes north of the
equator.</def> "The green lap of the new-come <i>spring</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Spring</i> of the astronomical year begins with the
vernal equinox, about March 21st, and ends with the summer solstice,
about June 21st.</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The time of growth and progress; early
portion; first stage.</def> "The <i>spring</i> of the day."  <i>1 Sam.
ix. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O how this <i>spring</i> of love resembleth<BR>
The uncertain glory of an April day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A crack
or fissure in a mast or yard, running obliquely or transversely.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A line led from a vessel's quarter to her
cable so that by tightening or slacking it she can be made to lie in
any desired position; a line led diagonally from the bow or stern of a
vessel to some point upon the wharf to which she is moored.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Air spring</b></col>, <col><b>Boiling spring</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Air</u>, <u>Boiling</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Spring back</b></col> <i>(Bookbinding)</i>, <cd>a back with a
curved piece of thin sheet iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the
inside, the effect of which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound
(as a ledger or other account or blank book) spring up and lie
flat.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring balance</b></col>, <cd>a contrivance for
measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a spiral spring of
steel.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring beam</b></col>, <cd>a beam that supports
the side of a paddle box. See <i>Paddle beam</i>, under <u>Paddle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Spring beauty</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Any plant of the genus
<i>Claytonia</i>, delicate herbs with somewhat fleshy leaves and
pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A small, elegant American butterfly (<i>Erora
l&aelig;ta</i>) which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male
are brown, bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly
blue.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring bed</b></col>, <cd>a mattress, under bed,
or bed bottom, in which springs, as of metal, are employed to give the
required elasticity.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring beetle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a snapping beetle; an elater.</cd> --
<col><b>Spring box</b></col>, <cd>the box or barrel in a watch, or
other piece of mechanism, in which the spring is contained.</cd> --
<col><b>Spring fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a caddice fly; -
- so called because it appears in the spring.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a vernal grass. See under
<u>Vernal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring gun</b></col>, <cd>a firearm
disharged by a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise
moved.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring hook</b></col> <i>(Locomotive
Engines)</i>, <cd>one of the hooks which fix the driving-wheel spring
to the frame.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring latch</b></col>, <cd>a latch that
fastens with a spring.</cd> <! p. 1394 !> -- <col><b>Spring
lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock that fastens with a spring.</cd> --
<col><b>Spring mattress</b></col>, <cd>a spring bed.</cd> --
<col><b>Spring of an arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Springing line of an arch</i>, under <u>Springing</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spring of pork</b></col>, <cd>the lower part of a fore
quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has the leg and foot
without the shoulder.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir, pray hand the <i>spring of pork</i> to
me.</blockquote> <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Spring pin</b></col> <i>(Locomotive Engines)</i>, <cd>an
iron rod fitted between the springs and the axle boxes, to sustain and
regulate the pressure on the axles.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring
rye</b></col>, <cd>a kind of rye sown in the spring; -- in distinction
from <i>winter rye</i>, sown in autumn.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring
stay</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a preventer stay, to assist the
regular one.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i> -- <col><b>Spring
tide</b></col>, <cd>the tide which happens at, or soon after, the new
and the full moon, and which rises higher than common tides.</cd> See
<u>Tide</u>. -- <col><b>Spring wagon</b></col>, <cd>a wagon in which
springs are interposed between the body and the axles to form elastic
supports.</cd> -- <col><b>Spring wheat</b></col>, <cd>any kind of
wheat sown in the spring; -- in distinction from <i>winter wheat</i>,
which is sown in autumn.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spring"al</hw> (?), <hw>Spring"ald</hw> (?),
<hw>Spring"all</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Scot.
<i>springald</i>, <i>springel</i>, fr. Scot. &amp; E. <i>spring</i>.]
<def>An active, springly young man.</def> [Obs.] "There came two
<i>springals</i> of full tender years."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Joseph, when he was sold to Potiphar, that great man,
was a fair young <i>springall</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spring"al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espringale</i>; of
Teutonic origin, akin to E. <i>spring</i>.] <def>An ancient military
engine for casting stones and arrows by means of a spring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spring"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An elastic
board, secured at the ends, or at one end, often by elastic supports,
used in performing feats of agility or in exercising.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Spring"bok`</hw> (?), <hw>Spring"buck`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>springbok</i>; <i>springen</i> to spring,
leap + <i>bok</i> a he-goat, buck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South
African gazelle (<i>Gazella euchore</i>) noted for its graceful form
and swiftness, and for its peculiar habit of springing lighty and
suddenly into the air. It has a white dorsal stripe, expanding into a
broad patch of white on the rump and tail. Called also
<i>springer</i>.</def> [Written also <i>springboc</i>, and
<i>springbock</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Springe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Spring</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>: cf. G. <i>sprenkel</i>, Prov. E.
<i>springle</i>.] <def>A noose fastened to an elastic body, and drawn
close with a sudden spring, whereby it catches a bird or other animal;
a gin; a snare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a woodcock to mine own <i>springe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Springe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To catch in a
springe; to insnare.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spring"e</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sprengen</i>. See <u>Sprinkle</u>.] <def>To sprinkle; to
scatter.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He would sowen some difficulty,<BR>
Or <i>springen</i> cockle in our cleane corn.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spring"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, springs; specifically, one who rouses
game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young plant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
impost, or point at which an arch rests upon its support, and from
which it seems to spring.</def> Hence: <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
bottom stone of an arch, which lies on the impost. The skew back is
one form of springer.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The rib of a
groined vault, as being the solid abutment for each section of
vaulting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The grampus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of the field
spaniel. See <u>Spaniel</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of antelope;
the sprinkbok.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spring"halt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>A kind of lameness in horse. See <u>Stringhalt</u>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spring"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fountain or
source.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spring"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being springly.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spring"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of one who, or that which, springs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Growth; increase; also, that which springs
up; a shoot; a plant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou blessest the <i>springing</i>
thereof.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxv. 10.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Springing line of an arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the
horizontal line drawn through the junction of the vertical face of the
impost with the curve of the intrados; -- called also <i>spring of an
arch</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sprin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A springe.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spring"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
spring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But yet from out the little hill<BR>
Oozes the slender <i>springlet</i> still.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spring"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of small apterous insects belonging
to the order <i>Thysanura</i>. They have two elastic caudal stylets
which can be bent under the abdomen and then suddenly extended like a
spring, thus enabling them to leap to a considerable distance. See
<u>Collembola</u>, and <u>Podura</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spring"tide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The time of
spring; springtime.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spring"time`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The season of
spring; springtide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spring"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Springier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Springiest</u>.] [From <u>Spring</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling, having the qualities of, or
pertaining to, a spring; elastic; as, springy steel; a <i>springy</i>
step.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though her little frame was slight, it was firm and
<i>springy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with springs or fountains; wet;
spongy; as, <i>springy</i> land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprin"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sprinkled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sprinkling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>sprenkelen</i>, freq. of
<i>sprengen</i> to sprinkle, to scatter, AS. <i>sprengan</i>,
properly, to make to spring, causative of <i>springan</i> to spring;
akin to D. <i>sprenkelen</i> to sprinkle, G. <i>sprengen</i>. See
<u>Spring</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sprent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scatter in small drops or particles, as
water, seed, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To scatter on; to disperse something over
in small drops or particles; to besprinkle; as, to <i>sprinkle</i> the
earth with water; to <i>sprinkle</i> a floor with sand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To baptize by the application of a few
drops, or a small quantity, of water; hence, to cleanse; to
purify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Having our hearts <i>sprinkled</i> from an evil
conscience.</blockquote> <i>Heb. x. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprin"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To scatter a liquid, or any fine substance, so that it may fall
in particles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the priest shall . . . <i>sprinkle</i> of the oil
with his finger seven times before the Lord.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xiv.
16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rain moderately, or with scattered drops
falling now and then; as, it <i>sprinkles</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fly or be scattered in small drops or
particles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprin"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
small quantity scattered, or sparsely distributed; a
sprinkling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A utensil for sprinkling; a
sprinkler.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprin"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sprinkles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument or vessel used in sprinkling;
specifically, a watering pot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprin"kling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or that which, sprinkles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Baptism may well enough be performed by
<i>sprinkling</i> or effusion of water.</blockquote>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small quantity falling in distinct drops
or particles; as, a <i>sprinkling</i> of rain or snow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a moderate number or quantity
distributed like drops.</def>  <i>Craik.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprint</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sprinted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sprinting</u>.] [Cf. <u>Sprunt</u>.] <def>To run very rapidly; to
run at full speed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A runner [in a quarter-mile race] should be able to
<i>sprint</i> the whole way.</blockquote> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of sprinting; a
run of a short distance at full speed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sprint race</b></col>, <cd>a foot race at the highest
running speed; -- usually limited to distance under a quarter of a
mile.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sprint"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sprints;
one who runs in sprint races; as, a champion
<i>sprinter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Akin to G.
<i>spritzen</i>, <i>spr&uuml;tzen</i>. See <u>Sprit</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>To throw out with force from a narrow orifice; to
eject; to spurt out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>spryttan</i> to
sprout, but. See <u>Sprout</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Spurt</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, Sprit a spar.] <def>To sprout;
to bud; to germinate, as barley steeped for malt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shoot; a sprout.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spret</i>, AS.
<i>spre&oacute;t</i> a sprit; spear; akin to D. <i>spriet</i>, and E.
<i>sprout</i>, <i>sprit</i>, v.t. &amp; i. See <u>Sprout</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small boom, pole, or spar, which
crosses the sail of a boat diagonally from the mast to the upper
aftmost corner, which it is used to extend and elevate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sprit</i>, F.
<i>esprit</i>, fr. L. <i>spiritus</i>. See <u>Spirit</u>, and cf.
<u>Sprightly</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spirit; a soul; a shade;
also, an apparition. See <u>Spright</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gaping graves received the wandering, guilty
<i>sprite</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An elf; a fairy; a goblin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The green woodpecker,
or yaffle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprite"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<hw>Sprite"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>,
<hw>Sprite"li*ness</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>Sprite"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, etc. <def>See
<u>Sprightful</u>, <u>Sprightfully</u>, <u>Sprightliness</u>,
<u>Sprightly</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprit"sail</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sail extended by a sprit.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sail formerly hung under the bowsprit, from
the spritsail yard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprock"et wheel`</hw> (?). [Etymology of <i>sprocket</i> is
uncertain.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Chain wheel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. &amp; Ir.
<i>bradan</i> a salmon.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A salmon in its
second year.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprong</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Spring</u>. Sprung.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprout</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sprouted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sprouting</u>.] [OE. <i>sprouten</i>, <i>spruten</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>spr&?;ta</i>, AS. <i>spre&oacute;tan</i>, D.
<i>spruiten</i>, G. <i>spriessen</i>, Sw. <i>spruta</i> to squirt, to
spout.  Cf. <u>Sprit</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>, <u>Sprit</u> a
spar, <u>Spout</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Spurt</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shoot, as the seed of a plant; to
germinate; to push out new shoots; hence, to grow like shoots of
plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shoot into ramifications.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to sprout; as, the rain will <i>sprout</i> the seed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of sprouts; as, to <i>sprout</i>
potatoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>sprote</i> a
sprout, sprig; akin to Icel. <i>sproti</i>, G. <i>sprosse</i>. See
<u>Sprout</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
shoot of a plant; a shoot from the seed, from the stump, or from the
root or tuber, of a plant or tree; more rarely, a shoot from the stem
of a plant, or the end of a branch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Young coleworts; Brussels
sprouts.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Brussels sprouts</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Brussels</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spruce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>Spruce</i> or
<i>Pruse</i>, Prussia, Prussian. So named because it was first known
as a native of Prussia, or because its sprouts were used for making,
<i>spruce beer</i>.  Cf. <i>Spruce beer</i>, below, <u>Spruce</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
coniferous tree of the genus <i>Picea</i>, as the Norway spruce (<i>P.
excelsa</i>), and the white and black spruces of America (<i>P.
alba</i> and <i>P. nigra</i>), besides several others in the far
Northwest. See <u>Picea</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The wood or timber of the spruce
tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Prussia leather; pruce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Spruce</i>, a sort of leather corruptly so called
for Prussia leather.</blockquote> <i>E. Phillips.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Douglas spruce</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a valuable
timber tree (<i>Pseudotsuga Douglasii</i>) of Northwestern
America.</cd> -- <col><b>Essence of spruce</b></col>, <cd>a thick,
dark-colored, bitterish, and acidulous liquid made by evaporating a
decoction of the young branches of spruce.</cd> -- <col><b>Hemlock
spruce</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a graceful coniferous tree
(<i>Tsuga Canadensis</i>) of North America. Its timber is valuable,
and the bark is largely used in tanning leather.</cd> --
<col><b>Spruce beer</b></col>. [G. <i>sprossenbier</i>; <i>sprosse</i>
sprout, shoot (akin to E. <i>sprout</i>, n.) + <i>bier</i> beer. The
word was changed into <i>spruce</i> because the beer came from Prussia
(OE. <i>Spruce</i>), or because it was made from the sprouts of the
spruce. See <u>Sprout</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Beer</u>, and cf.
<u>Spruce</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <cd>A kind of beer which is
tinctured or flavored with spruce, either by means of the extract or
by decoction.</cd> -- <col><b>Spruce grouse</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Spruce partridge</i>, below.</cd> -
- <col><b>Spruce leather</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Spruce</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Spruce partridge</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a handsome American grouse (<i>Dendragapus
Canadensis</i>) found in Canada and the Northern United States; --
called also <i>Canada grouse</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spruce</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sprucer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sprucest</u>] [Perhaps fr. <i>spruce</i>
a sort of leather from Prussia, which was an article of finery. See
<u>Spruce</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Neat,
without elegance or dignity; -- formerly applied to things with a
serious meaning; now chiefly applied to persons.</def> "Neat and
<i>spruce</i> array."  <i>Remedy of Love.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sprightly; dashing.</def> [Obs.] "Now, my
<i>spruce</i> companions."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is so <i>spruce</i> that he can never be
genteel.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Finical; neat; trim. See <u>Finical</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sruce"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spruce"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spruce</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spruced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sprucing</u> (?).] <def>To dress with affected neatness; to trim;
to make spruce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spruce</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dress one's self
with affected neatness; as, to <i>spruce</i> up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Strictly, the hole through which melted metal is poured into the
gate, and thence into the mold.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
waste piece of metal cast in this hole; hence, dross.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sprew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprug</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E. <i>sprug
up</i> to dress neatly, <i>sprag</i> to prop, a., lively.] <def>To
make smart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spring</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprung</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Said of a
spar that has been cracked or strained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sprout</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To spring up; to germinate; to spring
forward or outward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>To sprunt up</b></col>, <cd>to draw one's self up suddenly,
as in anger or defiance; to bristle up.</cd> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything short and stiff.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A leap; a spring.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A steep ascent in a road.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sprunt</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Active; lively;
vigorous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Kersey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sprunt"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sprunt manner;
smartly; vigorously; youthfully.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sprier</u> or <u>Spryer</u> (&?;); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Spriest</u> or <u>Spryest</u>.] [Cf. dial. Sw. <i>sprygg</i>
lively, skittish, and E. <i>sprag</i>.] <def>Having great power of
leaping or running; nimble; active.</def> [U.S. &amp; Local Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She is as <i>spry</i> as a cricket.</blockquote> <i>S.
Judd (Margaret).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I'm not so large as you,<BR>
You are not so small as I,<BR>
And not half so <i>spry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>spyd</i> a
spear.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sharp, narrow spade, usually with a
long handle, used by farmers for digging up large-rooted weeds; a
similarly shaped implement used for various purposes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>spud</i> these nettles from the stone can
part.</blockquote> <i>Swyft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dagger.</def> [Obs.]  <i>olland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything short and thick; specifically, a
piece of dough boiled in fat.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Spue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spuil"zie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spulzie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spuke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Spook</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spul"ler</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>spooler</i>.]
[See <u>Spool</u>.] <def>One employed to inspect yarn, to see that it
is well spun, and fit for the loom.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spul"zie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Spoil</u>.]
<def>Plunder, or booty.</def> [Written also <i>spuilzie</i>, and
<i>spulye</i>.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spume</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>spuma</i>.  Cf.
<u>Pumice</u>, <u>Spoom</u>.] <def>Frothy matter raised on liquids by
boiling, effervescence, or agitation; froth; foam; scum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Materials dark and crude,<BR>
Of spiritous and fiery <i>spume</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spume</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spumed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spuming</u>.] [L. <i>spumare</i>.] <def>To froth; to
foam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spume"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spumous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>r. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spu*mes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Spumescent</u>.] <def>The state of being foamy;
frothiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spu*mes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spumescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>spumescere</i> to grow foamy, from
<i>spuma</i> foam.] <def>Resembling froth or foam; foaming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spum"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spumidis</i>.]
<def>Spumous; frothy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spu*mif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>spumifier</i>; <i>spuma</i> foam + <i>ferra</i> bear.]
<def>Producing foam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spum"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being spumy; spumescence.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1395 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Spum"ous</hw> (?), <hw>Spum"y</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spumosus</i>, &?; <i>spuma</i> foam: cf.
F. <i>spumeux</i>.] <def>Consisting of, containing, or covered with,
froth, scum, or foam; frothy; foamy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spumous</i> and florid state of the
blood.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>spumy</i> waves proclaim the watery
war.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spun</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Spin</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spun hay</b></col>, <cd>hay twisted into ropes for
convenient carriage, as on a military expedition.</cd> -- <col><b>Spun
silk</b></col>, <cd>a cheap article produced from floss, or short-
fibered, broken, and waste silk, carded and spun, in distinction from
the long filaments wound from the cocoon. It is often mixed with
cotton.</cd> -- <col><b>Spun yarn</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a line
formed of two or more rope-yarns loosely twisted.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spunge</hw> (sp&ubreve;nj), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sponge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Spunk</hw> (sp&ubreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael.
<i>spong</i>, or Ir. <i>sponc</i>, tinder, sponge; cf. AS.
<i>sponge</i> a sponge (L. <i>spongia</i>), <i>sp&omacr;n</i> a chip.
Cf. <u>Sponge</u>, <u>Punk</u>.] [Written also <i>sponk</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wood that readily takes fire; touchwood; also,
a kind of tinder made from a species of fungus; punk; amadou.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inflammable temper; spirit; mettle;
pluck; as, a man of <i>spunk</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A lawless and dangerous set, men of <i>spunk</i>, and
spirit, and power, both of mind and body.</blockquote> <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spunk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Spunkier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Spunkiest</u>.] <def>Full of spunk;
quick; spirited.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sparrow</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sparrow.</def> [Scot.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tern.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Spur</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>spure</i>, AS.
<i>spura</i>, <i>spora</i>; akin to D. <i>spoor</i>, G. <i>sporn</i>,
OHG. <i>sporo</i>, Icel. <i>spori</i>, Dan. <i>spore</i>, Sw.
<i>sporre</i>, and to AS. <i>spor</i> a trace, footstep,
<i>spyrian</i> to trace, track, examine, and E. <i>spurn</i>.
&radic;171.  Cf. <u>Sparrow</u>, <u>Spere</u>, <u>Spoor</u>,
<u>Spurn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An implement secured to the
heel, or above the heel, of a horseman, to urge the horse by its
pressure. Modern spurs have a small wheel, or rowel, with short
points. Spurs were the badge of knighthood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And on her feet a pair of <i>spurs</i>
large.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which goads to action; an
incitement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fame is the <i>spur</i> that the clear spirit doth
raise<BR>
(That last infirmity of noble mind)<BR>
To scorn delights and live laborious days.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something that projects; a snag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the large or principal roots of a
tree.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any stiff, sharp spine,
as on the wings and legs of certain burds, on the legs of insects,
etc.; especially, the spine on a cock's leg.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A mountain that shoots from any other
mountain, or range of mountains, and extends to some distance in a
lateral direction, or at right angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A spiked iron worn by seamen upon the
bottom of the boot, to enable them to stand upon the carcass of a
whale, to strip off the blubber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A brace strengthening a post
and some connected part, as a rafter or crossbeam; a strut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
short wooden buttress of a post.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
projection from the round base of a column, occupying the angle of a
square plinth upon which the base rests, or bringing the bottom bed of
the base to a nearly square form. It is generally carved in
leafage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
projecting appendage of a flower looking like a spur.</def>
<i>Gray.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Ergotized rye or other
grain.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A wall that crosses a part
of a rampart and joins to an inner wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A piece of timber fixed on the bilge ways before launching,
having the upper ends bolted to the vessel's side.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A curved piece of timber serving as a half to
support the deck where a whole beam can not be placed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spur fowl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of Asiatic gallinaceous birds of the genus
<i>Galloperdix</i>, allied to the jungle fowl. The males have two or
more spurs on each leg.</cd> -- <col><b>Spur gear</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a cogwheel having teeth which project radially and
stand parallel to the axis; a spur wheel.</cd> -- <col><b>Spur
gearing</b></col>, <cd>gearing in which spur gears are used. See under
<u>Gearing</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spur pepper</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See the Note under <u>Capsicum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spur
wheel</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Spur gear</i>, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spur</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spurred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spurring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prick with spurs; to
incite to a more hasty pace; to urge or goad; as, to <i>spur</i> a
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To urge or encourage to action, or to a
more vigorous pursuit of an object; to incite; to stimulate; to
instigate; to impel; to drive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love will not be <i>spurred</i> to what it
loathes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put spurs on; as, a <i>spurred</i>
boot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spur</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To spur on one' horse;
to travel with great expedition; to hasten; hence, to press forward in
any pursuit.</def> "Now <i>spurs</i> the lated traveler."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Parthians shall be there,<BR>
And, <i>spurring</i> from the fight, confess their fear.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The roads leading to the capital were covered with
multitudes of yeomen, <i>spurring</i> hard to
Westminster.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some bold men, . . . by <i>spurring</i> on, refine
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spur"gall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place galled
or excoriated by much using of the spur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spur"gall`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gall or wound
with a spur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>To emit foam; to froth; -- said of the emission of yeast from
beer in course of fermentation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W. Cartright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spurge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>espurge</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;purge</i>, from OF. <i>espurgier</i> to purge, L.
<i>expurgare</i>. See <u>Expurgate</u>, <u>Purge</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus Euphorbia. See <u>Euphorbia</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spurge flax</b></col>, <cd>an evergreen shrub (<i>Daphne
Gnidium</i>) with crowded narrow leaves. It is native of Southern
Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Spurge laurel</b></col>, <cd>a European shrub
(<i>Daphne Laureola</i>) with oblong evergreen leaves.</cd> --
<col><b>Spurge nettle</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Nettle</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spurge olive</b></col>, <cd>an evergreen shrub (<i>Daphne
oleoides</i>) found in the Mediterranean region.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spurge"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any euphorbiaceous plant.</def>  <i>Lindley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spur"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 2d
<u>Spurge</u>.] <def>A purging.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spu"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>spurius</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not proceeding from the true source, or from
the source pretended; not genuine; false; adulterate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not legitimate; bastard; as,
<i>spurious</i> issue.</def> "Her <i>spurious</i> firstborn."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Spurious primary</b></col>, or <col><b>Spurious
quill</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the first, or outer, primary
quill when rudimentary or much reduced in size, as in certain singing
birds.</cd> -- <col><b>Spurious wing</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the bastard wing, or alula.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Counterfeit; false; adulterate; supposititious;
fictitious; bastard.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Spu"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spu"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spur"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
spurs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spur"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sparling</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tern.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spur"ling-line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>spurling</i> the rut of a wheel, a cart rut, AS. <i>spor</i> a
track, trace, E. <i>spoor</i>. Scot. <i>spurl</i> to sprawl.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The line which forms the communication between the
steering wheel and the telltale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spurned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spurning</u>.] [OE. <i>spurnen</i> to kick against, to stumble
over, AS. <i>spurnan</i> to kick, offend; akin to <i>spura</i> spur,
OS. &amp; OHG. spurnan to kick, Icel. <i>spyrna</i>, L. <i>spernere</i> to
despise, Skr. <i>sphur</i> to jerk, to push. &radic;171. See
<u>Spur</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive back or away, as with
the foot; to kick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The bird] with his foot will <i>spurn</i> adown his
cup.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>spurn</i> thee like a cur out of my
way.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reject with disdain; to scorn to receive
or accept; to treat with contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What safe and nicely I might well delay<BR>
By rule of knighthood, I disdain and <i>spurn</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Domestics will pay a more cheerful service when they
find themselves not <i>spurned</i> because fortune has laid them at
their master's feet.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spurn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
kick or toss up the heels.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The miller <i>spurned</i> at a stone.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The drunken chairman in the kennel
<i>spurns</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To manifest disdain in rejecting anything;
to make contemptuous opposition or resistance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nay, more, to <i>spurn</i> at your most royal
image.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spurn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
kick; a blow with the foot.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What defence can properly be used in such a despicable
encounter as this but either the slap or the
<i>spurn</i>?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disdainful rejection; contemptuous
tratment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The insolence of office and the <i>spurns</i><BR>
That patient merit of the unworthy takes.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A body of coal left to
sustain an overhanding mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spurns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurn"-wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A channel at the end of a deck to restrain the water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearing spurs; furnished with a spur or spurs; having shoots like
spurs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with spur, or ergot; as,
<i>spurred</i> rye.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spurred corolla</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a corolla in
which there are one or more petals with a spur.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spur"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
spurs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spur"rey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Spurry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spur"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to make spurs.</def> <i>B. Jonson.</i> "The saddlers and
<i>spurriers</i> would be ruined by thousands." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spur"-roy`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gold coin,
first made in the reign of Edward IV., having a star on the reverse
resembling the rowel of a spur. In the reigns of Elizabeth and of
James I., its value was fifteen shillings.</def> [Written also
<i>spur-rial</i>, and <i>spur-ryal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Spur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. or OF.
<i>spurrie</i>; cf. G. <i>spergel</i>, NL. <i>spergula</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An annual herb (<i>Spergula arvensis</i>) with
whorled filiform leaves, sometimes grown in Europe for fodder.</def>
[Written also <i>spurrey</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sand spurry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any low herb of
the genus <i>Lepigonum</i>, mostly found in sandy places.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Spur"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of handsome gastropod shells of the
genus <i>Trochus</i>, or <i>Imperator</i>. The shell is conical, with
the margin toothed somewhat like the rowel of a spur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>spirt</i>, and originally the same word as <i>sprit</i>; OE.
<i>sprutten</i> to sprout, AS. <i>spryttan</i>. See <u>Sprit</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Sprout</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>To gush or issue suddenly or violently out in a stream, as liquor
from a cask; to rush from a confined place in a small stream or jet;
to spirt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus the small jet, which hasty hands unlock,<BR>
<i>Spurts</i> in the gardener's eyes who turns the cock.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spurt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw out, as a
liquid, in a stream or jet; to drive or force out with violence, as a
liquid from a pipe or small orifice; as, to <i>spurt</i> water from
the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spurt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sudden or violent ejection or gushing of a liquid, as of water from a
tube, orifice, or other confined place, or of blood from a wound; a
jet; a spirt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shoot; a bud.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A sudden outbreak; as, a <i>spurt</i>
of jealousy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spurt grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a rush fit for
basket work.</cd>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spurt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>sprette</i>
a spurt, spring, run, <i>spretta</i> to sprit, spring.] <def>A sudden
and energetic effort, as in an emergency; an increased exertion for a
brief space.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The long, steady sweep of the so-called "paddle" tried
him almost as much as the breathless strain of the
<i>spurt</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spurt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spurted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spurting</u>.] <def>To make a sudden and violent exertion, as in an
emergency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spur"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>spurt</i>.] <def>To spurt or shoot in a scattering manner.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spur"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>spoor</i>
a track, trace (AS. <i>spor</i>) + <i>way</i>.] <def>A bridle
path.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Spur"-winged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having one or more spurs on the bend of the
wings.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spur-winged goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
one of several species of long-legged African geese of the genus
<i>Plectropterus</i> and allied genera, having a strong spur on the
bend of the wing, as the Gambo goose (<i>P. Gambensis</i>) and the
Egyptian, or Nile, goose (<i>Alopochen &AElig;gyptiaca</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Spur-winged plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Old
World plover (<i>Hoplopterus spinosus</i>) having a sharp spur on the
bend of the wing. It inhabits Northern Africa and the adjacent parts
of Asia and Europe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sput</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Steam Boiler)</i>
<def>An annular re&euml;nforce, to strengthen a place where a hole is
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sputare</i>
to spit, v. intens. fr. <i>spuere</i> to spit: cf. F.
<i>sputation</i>.] <def>The act of spitting; expectoration.</def>
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spu"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to
spit; spitting much.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from
<i>dispute</i>.] <def>To dispute; to discuss.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sput"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sputtered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sputtering</u>.] [From the root of <i>spout</i> or <i>spit</i> to
eject from the mputh.  Cf. <u>Splutter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To spit, or to emit saliva from the mouth in small, scattered
portions, as in rapid speaking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter words hastily and indistinctly; to
speak so rapidly as to emit saliva.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They could neither of them speak their rage, and so
fell a <i>sputtering</i> at one another, like two roasting
apples.</blockquote> <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw out anything, as little jets of
steam, with a noise like that made by one sputtering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the green wood . . . <i>sputtering</i> in the
flame.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sput"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spit out hastily
by quick, successive efforts, with a spluttering sound; to utter
hastily and confusedly, without control over the organs of
speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the midst of caresses, and without the last pretend
incitement, to <i>sputter</i> out the basest accusations.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sput"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Moist matter thrown
out in small detached particles; also, confused and hasty
speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sput"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sputters.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Spu"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sputa</b></plw> (#). [L., from <i>spuere</i>, <i>sputum</i>,
to spit.] <def>That which is expectorated; a salival discharge;
spittle; saliva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Spied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Spying</u>.] [OE. <i>spien</i>, <i>espien</i>, OF. <i>espier</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;pier</i>, OHG. <i>speh&?;n</i>, G. <i>sp&auml;hen</i>;
akin to L. <i>specere</i> to see, Skr. <i>spa</i>(&?;). &?; 169.  Cf.
<u>Espy</u>, v.t., <u>Aspect</u>, <u>Auspice</u>, <u>Circumspect</u>,
<u>Conspicuouc</u>, <u>Despise</u>, <u>Frontispiece</u>,
<u>Inspect</u>, <u>Prospect</u>, <u>Respite</u>, <u>Scope</u>,
<u>Scecimen</u>, <u>Spectacle</u>, <u>Specter</u>, <u>Speculate</u>,
<u>Spice</u>, <u>Spite</u>, <u>Suspicion</u>.] <def>To gain sight of;
to discover at a distance, or in a state of concealment; to espy; to
see.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One in reading, skipped over all sentences where he
<i>spied</i> a note of admiration.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discover by close search or
examination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look about with yout eyes; <i>spy</i> what things are
to be reformed in the church of England.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To explore; to view; inspect; and examine
secretly, as a country; -- usually with <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses sent to <i>spy</i> Jaazer, and they took the
villages thereof.</blockquote> <i>Num. xxi. 32.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To search narrowly; to
scrutinize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is my nature's plague<BR>
To <i>spy</i> into abuses.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Spies</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Spy</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>Espy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who keeps a constant watch of the conduct of others.</def> "These
wretched <i>spies</i> of wit."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A person sent secretly into
an enemy's camp, territory, or fortifications, to inspect his works,
ascertain his strength, movements, or designs, and to communicate such
intelligence to the proper officer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spy money</b></col>, <cd>money paid to a spy; the reward
for private or secret intelligence regarding the enemy.</cd> --
<col><b>Spy Wednesday</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the Wednesday
immediately preceding the festival of Easter; -- so called in allusion
to the betrayal of Christ by Judas Iscariot.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Emissary</u>, and <u>Scout</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Spy"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boat sent to
make discoveries and bring intelligence.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spy"glass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small telescope
for viewing distant terrestrial objects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spy"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act or business of
spying.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Spy"nace</hw> (?; 48), <hw>Spyne</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <u>Pinnace</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squab</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. Sw.
<i>sqvabb</i> a soft and fat body, <i>sqvabba</i> a fat woman, Icel.
<i>kvap</i> jelly, jellylike things, and and E. <i>quab</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fat; thick; plump; bulky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor the <i>squab</i> daughter nor the wife were
nice.</blockquote> <i>Betterton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unfledged; unfeathered; as, a <i>squab</i>
pigeon.</def>  <i>King.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A neatling of a pigeon or other similar bird,
esp. when very fat and not fully fledged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person of a short, fat figure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gorgonious sits abdominous and wan,<BR>
Like a fat <i>squab</i> upon a Chinese fan.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thickly stuffed cushion; especially, one
used for the seat of a sofa, couch, or chair; also, a sofa.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Punching the <i>squab</i> of chairs and
sofas.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On her large <i>squab</i> you find her
spread.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squab</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. Sw.
<i>squapp</i>, a word imitative of a splash, and E. <i>squab</i> fat,
unfledged.] <def>With a heavy fall; plump.</def> [Vulgar]</p>

<p><blockquote>The eagle took the tortoise up into the air, and
dropped him down, <i>squab</i>, upon a rock.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squab</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall plump; to
strike at one dash, or with a heavy stroke.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Squa*bash"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To crush; to
quash; to squash.</def> [Colloq. or Slang, Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squab"bish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thick; fat;
heavy.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1396 !></p>

<p><hw>Squab"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squabbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squabbling</u> (?).] [Cf. dial. Sw. <i>skvabbel</i> a dispute,
<i>skvappa</i> to chide.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To contend for
superiority in an unseemly maner; to scuffle; to struggle; to wrangle;
to quarrel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To debate peevishly; to dispute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sense of these propositions is very plain, though
logicians might <i>squabble</i> a whole day whether they should rank
them under negative or affirmative.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To dispute; contend; scuffle; wrangle; quarrel;
struggle.</p>

<p><hw>Squab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To
disarrange, so that the letters or lines stand awry or are mixed and
need careful readjustment; -- said of type that has been set
up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scuffle; a wrangle;
a brawl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squab"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
squabbles; a contentious person; a brawler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squab"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Short and thick;
suqabbish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squab"-chick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young chicken before it is fully
fledged.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Squac"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Squaccos</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A heron
(<i>Ardea comata</i>) found in Asia, Northern Africa, and Southern
Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>escouade</i>, fr.
Sp. <i>escuadra</i>, or It. <i>squadra</i>, (assumed) LL.
<i>exquadrare</i> to square; L. <i>ex + quadra</i> a square. See
<u>Square</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small party of
men assembled for drill, inspection, or other purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any small party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squad</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sloppy mud.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squad"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>escadron</i>,
formerly also <i>esquadron</i>, or It. <i>squadrone</i>. See
<u>Squad</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Primarily, a square; hence, a
square body of troops; a body of troops drawn up in a square.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those half-rounding quards<BR>
Just met, and, closing, stood in <i>squadron</i> joined.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A body of cavarly comparising
two companies or troops, and averging from one hundred and twenty to
two hundred men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A detachment of vessels
employed on any particular service or station, under the command of
the senior officer; as, the North Atlantic <i>Squadron</i>.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Flying squadron</b></col>, <cd>a squadron of observation or
practice, that cruises rapidly about from place to place.</cd>
 <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squad"roned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed into
squadrons, or squares.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squail</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To throw sticls
at cocks; to throw anything about awkwardly or irregularly.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squai"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Squeamish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Squa"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>squalus</i> a kind of sea fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
suborder of elasmobranch fishes which comprises the sharks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squal"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>squalidus</i>,
fr. <i>squalere</i> to be foul or filthy.] <def>Dirty through neglect;
foul; filthy; extremely dirty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Uncomed his locks, and <i>squalid</i> his
attrie.</blockquote>
 <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>squalid</i> dens, which are the reproach of
large capitals.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squa*lid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>squaliditas</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being squalid;
foulness; filthiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squal"id*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a squalid
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squal"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being squalid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>sqval</i> an
impetuous running of water, <i>sqval</i>regn a violent shower of rain,
<i>sqala</i> to stream, to gush.] <def>A sudden violent gust of wind
often attended with rain or snow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gray skirts of a lifting
<i>squall</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Black squall</b></col>, <cd>a squall attended with dark,
heavy clouds.</cd> -- <col><b>Thick squall</b></col>, <cd>a black
squall accompanied by rain, hail, sleet, or snow.</cd> <i>Totten.</i>
-- <col><b>White squall</b></col>, <cd>a squall which comes
unexpectedly, without being marked in its approach by the clouds.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squall</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squalled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squalling</u>.] [Icel. <i>skvala</i>.  Cf. <u>Squeal</u>.] <def>To
cry out; to scream or cry violently, as a woman frightened, or a child
in anger or distress; as, the infant <i>squalled</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squall</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A loud scream; a harsh
cry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There oft are heard the notes of infant woe, -<BR>
The short, thick sob, loud scream, and shriller
<i>squall</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squall"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who squalls;
a screamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squall"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with squalls; disturbed often with sudden and violent
gusts of wind; gusty; as, <i>squally</i> weather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>Interrupted by unproductive
spots; -- said of a flied of turnips or grain.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>Not equally good
throughout; not uniform; uneven; faulty; -- said of cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa"lo*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Squalus</i>
a genus of sharks + Gr. &?;, &?;, a tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A
genus of fossil whales belonging to the Phocodontia; -- so called
because their are serrated, like a shark's.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa"lo*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to Squalodon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Squalus</i> a
genus of sharks (fr. L. <i>squalus</i> a kind of sea fish) + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to a shark or
sharks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa"lor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>squalere</i> to be foul or filthy.] <def>Squalidness; foulness;
filthness; squalidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The heterogenous indigent multitude, everywhere wearing
nearly the same aspect of <i>squalor</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To bring this sort of <i>squalor</i> among the upper
classes.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Squa"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Squam&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. a scale.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
scale cast off from the skin; a thin dry shred consisting of
epithelium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa*ma"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Squamose.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Squa*ma"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>squamatus</i> scaly.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
edentates having the body covered with large, imbricated horny scales.
It includes the pangolins.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Squa"mate</hw> (?), <hw>Squa"ma*ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>squamatus</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Squamose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squam"duck`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American
eider duck.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Squame</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>squama</i> scale.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A scale.</def> [Obs.] "iron <i>squames</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The scale, or
exopodite, of an antenna of a crustacean.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Squa*mel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Squamell&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. fr. L. <i>squama</i>
a scale.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A diminutive scale or bractlet, such as
those found on the receptacle in many composite plants; a
palea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa*mel"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished or
covered with little scales; squamulose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa"mi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>squama</i> a
scale + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the shape of a scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa*mig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>squamiger</i>; <i>squama</i> a scale + <i>gerere</i> to bear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Bearing scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squam"i*pen</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ;<i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Squamipennes</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>squama</i> a scale +
<i>penna</i> a fin: cf. F. <i>squamipenne</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of a group of fishes having the dorsal and anal fins
partially covered with scales.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are compressed and mostly, bright-colored tropical
fishes, belonging to <i>Ch&aelig;todon</i> and allied genera. Many of
them are called <i>soral fishes</i>, and <i>angel fishes</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Squa"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>squama</i>
scale + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling a scale; also, covered with
scales; scaly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa*mo"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Scalelike; squamous; as, the <i>squamosal</i>
bone.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the squamosal
bone.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The squamous part of the
temporal bone, or a bone correspondending to it, under
<u>Temporal</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Squa*mose"</hw> (? or &?;), <hw>Squa"mous</hw> (?) }, [L.
<i>squamosus</i>, fr. <i>squama</i> a scale: cf. F. <i>squameux</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered with, or consisting of, scales;
resembling a scale; scaly; as, the <i>squamose</i> cones of the pine;
<i>squamous</i> epithelial cells; the <i>squamous</i> portion of the
temporal bone, which is so called from a fancied resemblance to a
scale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
squamosal bone; squamosal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squa`mo*zyg`o*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to both the squamosal and
zygomatic bones; -- applied to a bone, or a center of ossification, in
some fetal skulls.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
squamozygomatic bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Squam"u*la</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Squamul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., dim. of <i>squama</i> a
scale.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the little hypogynous scales found
in the flowers of grasses; a lodicule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squam"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Squamulose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squam"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Squamula</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squam"u*lose`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
little scales; squamellate; squamulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squandered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squandering</u>.] [Cf. Scot. <i>squatter</i> to splash water about,
to scatter, to squander, Prov. E. <i>swatter</i>, Dan. <i>sqvatte</i>,
Sw. <i>sqv&auml;tta</i> to squirt, <i>sqv&auml;ttra</i> to squander,
Icel. <i>skvetta</i> to squirt out, to throw out water.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scatter; to disperse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>squandered</i> troops he rallies.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spend lavishly or profusely; to spend
prodigally or wastefully; to use without economy or judgment; to
dissipate; as, to <i>squander</i> an estate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The crime of <i>squandering</i> health is equal to the
folly.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To spend; expend; waste; scatter; dissipate.</p>

<p><hw>Squan"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To spend lavishly; to be wasteful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They often <i>squandered</i>, but they never
gave.</blockquote> <i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wander at random; to scatter.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The wise man's folly is anatomized<BR>
Even by <i>squandering</i> glances of the fool.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squan"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
squandering; waste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squan"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
squanders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squan"der*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
squandering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Square</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>esquarre</i>,
<i>esquierre</i>, F. <i>&eacute;querre</i> a carpenter's square (cf.
It. <i>squadra</i>), fr. (assumed) LL. <i>exquadrare</i> to make
square; L. <i>ex + quadrus</i> a square, fr. <i>quattuor</i> four. See
<u>Four</u>, and cf. <u>Quadrant</u>, <u>Squad</u>, <u>Squer</u> a
square.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The corner, or angle, of a figure.</def> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A parallelogram having four equal sides and
four right angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, anything which is square, or nearly
so</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A square piece or
fragment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bolted his food down his capacious throat in
<i>squares</i> of three inches.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A pane of glass.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>A certain number of lines, forming a portion of a
column, nearly square; -- used chiefly in reckoning the prices of
advertisements in newspapers.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Carp.)</i>
<def>One hundred superficial feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An area of four sides, generally with
houses on each side; sometimes, a solid block of houses; also, an open
place or area for public use, as at the meeting or intersection of two
or more streets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The statue of Alexander VII. stands in the large
<i>square</i> of the town.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech. &amp; Joinery)</i> <def>An instrument
having at least one right angle and two or more straight edges, used
to lay out or test square work. It is of several forms, as the T
square, the carpenter's square, the try-square., etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a pattern or rule.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arith. &amp; Alg.)</i> <def>The product of a
number or quantity multiplied by itself; thus, 64 is the <i>square</i>
of 8, for <i>8 &times; 8 = 64</i>; the <i>square</i> of <i>a + b</i>
is <i>a<sup>2</sup> + 2ab + b<sup>2</sup></i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Exact proportion; justness of workmanship
and conduct; regularity; rule.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They of Galatia [were] much more out of
<i>square</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not kept my <i>square</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A body of troops formed in a
square, esp. one formed to resist a charge of cavalry; a
squadron.</def> "The brave <i>squares</i> of war."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The relation of harmony, or exact
agreement; equality; level.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We live not on the <i>square</i> with such as
these.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The position of planets
distant ninety degrees from each other; a quadrate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>The act of squaring, or quarreling; a
quarrel.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>The front of a woman's dress over the
bosom, usually worked or embroidered.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Geometrical square</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Quadrat</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Hollow square</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a formation of troops in the shape of a square,
each side consisting of four or five ranks, and the colors, officers,
horses, etc., occupying the middle.</cd> -- <col><b>Least
square</b></col>, <col><b>Magic square</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under
<u>Least</u>, <u>Magic</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>On the
square</b></col>, or <col><b>Upon the square</b></col>, <cd>in an
open, fair manner; honestly, or upon honor.</cd> [Obs. or Colloq.] --
<col><b>On</b></col>, or <col><b>Upon</b></col>, <col><b>the square
with</b></col>, <cd>upon equality with; even with.</cd> <i>Nares.</i>
-- <col><b>To be all squares</b></col>, <cd>to be all settled.</cd>
[Colloq.] <i>Dickens.</i> -- <col><b>To be at square</b></col>, <cd>to
be in a state of quarreling.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Nares.</i> -- <col><b>To
break no square</b></col>, <cd>to give no offense; to make no
difference.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>To break squares</b></col>, <cd>to
depart from an accustomed order.</cd> -- <col><b>To see how the
squares go</b></col>, <cd>to see how the game proceeds; -- a phrase
taken from the game of chess, the chessboard being formed with
squares.</cd> [Obs.] <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Square</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Having four equal sides and four right angles; as,
a <i>square</i> figure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Forming a right angle; as, a <i>square</i>
corner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having a shape broad for the height, with
rectilineal and angular rather than curving outlines; as, a man of a
<i>square</i> frame.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Exactly suitable or correspondent; true;
just.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She's a most truimphant lady, if report be
<i>square</i> to her.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Rendering equal justice; exact; fair;
honest, as <i>square</i> dealing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Even; leaving no balance; as, to make or
leave the accounts <i>square</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Leaving nothing; hearty;
vigorous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By Heaven, <i>square</i> eaters.<BR>
More meat, I say.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>At right angles with the
mast or the keel, and parallel to the horizon; -- said of the yards of
a square-rigged vessel when they are so braced.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Square</i> is often used in self-explaining compounds or
combination, as in <i>square</i>-built, <i>square</i>-cornered,
<i>square</i>-cut, <i>square</i>-nosed, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Square foot</b></col>, <cd>an area equal to that of a
square the sides of which are twelwe inches; 144 square inches.</cd> -
- <col><b>Square knot</b></col>, <cd>a knot in which the terminal and
standing parts are parallel to each other; a reef knot. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Knot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Square
measure</b></col>, <cd>the measure of a superficies or surface which
depends on the length and breadth taken conjointly. The units of
square measure are squares whose sides are the linear measures; as,
<i>square</i> inches, <i>square</i> feet, <i>square</i> meters,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Square number</b></col>. <cd>See <u>square</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</cd> -- <col><b>Square root of a
number</b></col> or <col><b>quantity</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>that number or quantity which, multiplied by itself produces the
given number or quantity.</cd> -- <col><b>Square sail</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a four-sided sail extended upon a yard suspended
by the middle; sometimes, the foresail of a schooner set upon a yard;
also, a cutter's or sloop's sail boomed out. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Sail</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Square stern</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a stern having a transom and joining the counter timbers at an
angle, as distinguished from a <i>round stern</i>, which has no
transom.</cd> -- <col><b>Three-square</b></col>, <col><b>Five-
square</b></col>, etc., <cd>having three, five, etc., equal sides; as,
a <i>three-square</i> file.</cd> -- <col><b>To get square
with</b></col>, <cd>to get even with; to pay off.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Square</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squaring</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>escarrer</i>, <i>esquarrer</i>. See
<u>Square</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form
with four sides and four right angles.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form with right angles and straight
lines, or flat surfaces; as, to <i>square</i> mason's work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To compare with, or reduce to, any given
measure or standard.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To adjust; to regulate; to mold; to shape;
to fit; as, to <i>square</i> our actions by the opinions of
others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Square</i> my trial<BR>
To my proportioned strength.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make even, so as leave no remainder of
difference; to balance; as, to <i>square</i> accounts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To multiply by itself; as,
to <i>square</i> a number or a quantity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>To hold a quartile
position respecting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The icy Goat and Crab that <i>square</i> the
Scales.</blockquote> <i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To place at right angles
with the keel; as, to <i>square</i> the yards.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To square one's shoulders</b></col>, <cd>to raise the
shoulders so as to give them a square appearance, -- a movement
expressing contempt or dislike.</cd> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> --
<col><b>To square the circle</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>to
determine the exact contents of a circle in square measure. The
solution of this famous problem is now generally admitted to be
impossible.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Square</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
accord or agree exactly; to be consistent with; to conform or agree;
to suit; to fit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No works shall find acceptamce . . .<BR>
That <i>square</i> not truly with the Scripture plan.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go to opposite sides; to take an
attitude of offense or defense, or of defiance; to quarrel.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Are you such fools<BR>
To <i>square</i> for this?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take a boxing attitude; -- often with
<i>up</i>, sometimes with <i>off</i>.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Square"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a square form or
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Square"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being square; as, an instrument to try the <i>squareness</i> of
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squar"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, squares.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who squares, or quarrels; a hot-headed,
contentious fellow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1397 !></p>

<p><hw>Square"-rigged`</hw> (skw&acirc;r"r&ibreve;gd`),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Having the sails extended
upon yards suspended horizontally by the middle, as distinguished from
fore-and-aft sails; thus, a ship and a brig are <i>square-rigged</i>
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Square"-toed`</hw> (-t&omacr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Having the toe square.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Obsolete as fardingales, ruffs, and <i>square-toed</i>
shoes.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Square"-toes`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A precise
person; -- used contemptuously or jocularly.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squar"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly square.</def>
<i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squar*rose"</hw> (? or ?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>squarrosus</i> (perhaps) scurfy, scabby.] <def>Ragged or full of
lose scales or projecting parts; rough; jagged</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Consisting of
scales widely divaricating; having scales, small leaves, or other
bodies, spreading widely from the axis on which they are crowded; --
said of a calyx or stem.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Divided into shreds or jags, raised above the plane of the leaf,
and not parallel to it; said of a leaf.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having scales spreading every way, or
standing upright, or at right angles to the surface; -- said of a
shell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Squarrose-slashed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>doubly
slashed, with the smaller divisions at right angles to the others, as
a leaf.</cd>  <i>Landley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squar*ro`so-den"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the teeth bent out of the plane of the
lamina; -- said of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squar"rous</hw> (? or ?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Squarrose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squar"ru*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>squarrose</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Somewhat squarrose; slightly
squarrose.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Musquash</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An American animal allied to the
weasel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Massachusetts Indian
<i>asq</i>, pl. <i>asquash</i>, raw, green, immaturate, applied to
fruit and vegetables which were used when green, or without cooking;
<i>askutasquash</i> vine apple.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant and its
fruit of the genus <i>Cucurbita</i>, or gourd kind.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The species are much confused. The long-neck squash is
called <i>Cucurbita verrucosa</i>, the Barbary or China squash, <i>C.
moschata</i>, and the great winter squash, <i>C. maxima</i>, but the
distinctions are not clear.</p>

<p><col><b>Squash beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
American beetle (<i>Diabrotica, or Galeruca vittata</i>) which is
often abundant and very injurious to the leaves of squash, cucumber,
etc.  It is striped with yellow and black. The name is applied also to
other allied species.</cd> -- <col><b>Squash bug</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large black American hemipterous insect
(<i>Coreus, or Anasa, tristis</i>) injurious to squash vines.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Squash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squashing</u>.] [OE. <i>squashen</i>, OF. <i>escachier</i>,
<i>esquachier</i>, to squash, to crush, F. <i>&eacute;cacher</i>,
perhaps from (assumed) LL. <i>excoacticare</i>, fr. L. <i>ex</i> +
<i>coactare</i> to constrain, from <i>cogere</i>, <i>coactum</i>, to
compel.  Cf. <u>Cogent</u>, <u>Squat</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<def>To beat or press into pulp or a flat mass; to crush.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something soft and easily crushed; especially, an unripe pod of
pease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not yet old enough for a man, nor young enough for a
boy; as a <i>squash</i> is before 't is a peascod.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, something unripe or soft; -- used in
contempt.</def> "This <i>squash</i>, this gentleman."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sudden fall of a heavy, soft body; also,
a shock of soft bodies.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My fall was stopped by a terrible
<i>squash</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squash"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, squashes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squash"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being squashy, or soft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily squashed;
soft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The angel fish (<i>Squatina angelus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Squat</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squatted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squatting</u>.] [OE. <i>squatten</i> to crush, OF. <i>esquater</i>,
<i>esquatir</i> (cf. It. <i>quatto</i> squat, cowering), perhaps fr.
L. <i>ex</i> + <i>coactus</i>, p. p. <i>cogere</i> to drive or urge
together. See <u>Cogent</u>, <u>Squash</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sit down upon the hams or heels; as, the
savages <i>squatted</i> near the fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sit close to the ground; to cower; to
stoop, or lie close, to escape observation, as a partridge or
rabbit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To settle on another's land without title;
also, to settle on common or public lands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bruise or make flat
by a fall.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Squat</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sitting on the hams or heels; sitting close to the ground;
cowering; crouching.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Him there they found,<BR>
<i>Squat</i> like a toad, close at the ear of Eve.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Short and thick, like the figure of an
animal squatting.</def> "The round, <i>squat</i> turret."  <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The head [of the squill insect] is broad and
<i>squat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
posture of one that sits on his heels or hams, or close to the
ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden or crushing fall.</def> [Obs.]
<i>erbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
vein of ore.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A mineral consisting of
tin ore and spar.</def>  <i>Halliwell. Woodward.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Squat snipe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
jacksnipe; -- called also <i>squatter</i>.</cd> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Squat"er*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The black-bellied plover.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who squats; specifically, one who settles unlawfully upon
land without a title. In the United States and Australia the term is
sometimes applied also to a person who settles lawfully upon
government land under permission and restrictions, before acquiring
title.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In such a tract, <i>squatters</i> and trespassers were
tolerated to an extent now unknown.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Squat snipe</i>,
under <u>Squat</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Squatter sovereignty</b></col>, <cd>the right claimed by
the squatters, or actual residents, of a Territory of the United
States to make their own laws.</cd> [Local, U.S.] <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squat"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Squat;
dumpy.</def>  <i>J. Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Massachusetts Indian
<i>squa</i>, <i>eshqua</i>; Narragansett <i>squ&acirc;ws</i>; Delaware
<i>ochqueu</i>, and <i>khqueu</i>; used also in compound words (as the
names of animals) in the sense of <i>female</i>.] <def>A female; a
woman; -- in the language of Indian tribes of the Algonquin family,
correlative of <i>sannup</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Old squaw</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Old</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Squaw"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A local name for the partridge berry; also, for the
deerberry.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Squawk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squawked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squawking</u>.] [See <u>Squeak</u>.] <def>To utter a shrill, abrupt
scream; to squeak harshly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Squawking thrush</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
missel turush; -- so called from its note when alarmed.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Squawk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act
of squawking; a harsh squeak.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American night
heron. See under <u>Night</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Squawk duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
bimaculate duck (<i>Anas glocitans</i>). It has patches of reddish
brown behind, and in front of, each eye.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Squawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Squall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squaw"root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
scaly parasitic plant (<i>Conopholis Americana</i>) found in oak woods
in the United States; -- called also <i>cancer root</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squaw"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The golden ragwort. See under <u>Ragwort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.& p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squeaking</u>.] [Probably of imitative origin; cf. Sw.
<i>sqv&auml;ka</i> to croak, Icel. <i>skvakka</i> to give a sound as
of water shaken in a bottle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter a
sharp, shrill cry, usually of short duration; to cry with an acute
tone, as an animal; or, to make a sharp, disagreeable noise, as a pipe
or quill, a wagon wheel, a door; to creak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who can endure to hear one of the rough old Romans
<i>squeaking</i> through the mouth of an eunuch?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Zoilus calls the companions of Ulysses the
"<i>squeaking</i> pigs" of Homer.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To break silence or secrecy for fear of
pain or punishment; to speak; to confess.</def> [Colloq.]
</p>

<p><blockquote>If he be obstinate, put a civil question to him upon
the rack, and he <i>squeaks</i>, I warrant him.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squeak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp, shrill,
disagreeable sound suddenly utered, either of the human voice or of
any animal or instrument, such as is made by carriage wheels when dry,
by the soles of leather shoes, or by a pipe or reed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, squeaks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Australian gray
crow shrile (<i>Strepera anaphonesis</i>); -- so called from its
note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeak"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a squeaking
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squealed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squealing</u>.] [Of Scand. origin; cf. Sw. <i>sqv&auml;la</i>,
Norw. <i>skvella</i>.  Cf. <u>Squeak</u>, <u>Squall</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cry with a sharp, shrill, prolonged sound,
as certain animals do, indicating want, displeasure, or
pain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn informer; to betray a secret.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Squeal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shrill, somewhat
prolonged cry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, squeals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
European swift.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The harlequin
duck.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The American golden
plover.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeam"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>squaimous</i>, <i>sweymous</i>, probably from OE. <i>sweem</i>,
<i>swem</i>, dizziness, a swimming in the head; cf. Icel. <i>svemr</i>
a bustle, a stir, Norw. <i>sveim</i> a hovering about, a sickness that
comes upon one, Icel. <i>svimi</i> a giddiness, AS.
<i>sw&imacr;mi</i>. The word has been perhaps confused witrh
<i>qualmish</i>.  Cf. <u>Swim</u> to be dizzy.] <def>Having a stomach
that is easily or nauseated; hence, nice to excess in taste;
fastidious; easily disgusted; apt to be offended at trifling
improprieties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quoth he, that honor's very <i>squeamish</i><BR>
That takes a basting for a blemish.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His muse is rustic, and perhaps too plain<BR>
The men of <i>squeamish</i> taste to entertain.</blockquote>
<i>Southern.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So ye grow <i>squeamish</i>, Gods, and sniff at
heaven.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fastidious; dainty; overnice; scrupulous. See
<u>Fastidious</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Squeam"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Squeam"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Squeam"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Squeamish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Squea"si*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Queasiness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Squea"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Queasy; nice;
squeamish; fastidious; scrupulous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squee"gee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Squilgee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeeze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squeezed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squeezing</u>.] [OE. <i>queisen</i>, AS. <i>cw&emacr;san</i>,
<i>cw&ymacr;san</i>, <i>cw&imacr;san</i>, of uncertain origin. The
<i>s-</i> was probably prefixed through the influence of
<i>squash</i>, v.t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To press between two
bodies; to press together closely; to compress; often, to compress so
as to expel juice, moisture, etc.; as, to <i>squeeze</i> an orange
with the fingers; to <i>squeeze</i> the hand in friendship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To oppress with hardships, burdens,
or taxes; to harass; to crush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a civil war, people must expect to be crushed and
<i>squeezed</i> toward the burden.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To force, or cause to pass, by compression;
often with <i>out</i>, <i>through</i>, etc.; as, to <i>squeeze</i>
water through felt.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To compress; hug; pinch; gripe; crowd.</p>

<p><hw>Squeeze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To press; to urge
one's way, or to pass, by pressing; to crowd; -- often with
<i>through</i>, <i>into</i>, etc.; as, to <i>squeeze</i> hard to get
through a crowd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeeze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who squeezes; compression between bodies;
pressure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A facsimile impression taken in some soft
substance, as pulp, from an inscription on stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeez"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, squeezes; as, a lemon
<i>squeezer</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Forging)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
machine like a large pair of pliers, for shingling, or squeezing, the
balls of metal when puddled; -- used only in the plural.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A machine of several forms for the same
purpose; -- used in the singular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeez"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of pressing; compression; oppression.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>That which is forced out by
pressure; dregs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Squeeze</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squelch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squelched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squelching</u>.] [Cf. prov. E. <i>quelch</i> a blow, and
<i>quel</i> to crush, to kill.] <def>To quell; to crush; to silence or
put down.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Oh 't was your luck and mine to be
<i>squelched</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If you deceive us you will be
<i>squelched</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squelch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A heavy fall, as of
something flat; hence, also, a crushing reply.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sque*teague"</hw> (skw&esl;*t&emacr;g"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[from the North American Indian name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
American sci&aelig;noid fish (<i>Cynoscion regalis</i>), abundant on
the Atlantic coast of the United States, and much valued as a food
fish. It is of a bright silvery color, with iridescent reflections.
Called also <i>weakfish</i>, <i>squitee</i>, <i>chickwit</i>, and
<i>sea trout</i>. The spotted squeteague (<i>C. nebulosus</i>) of the
Southern United States is a similar fish, but the back and upper fins
are spotted with black. It is called also <i>spotted weakfish</i>,
and, locally, <i>sea trout</i>, and <i>sea salmon</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Squib</hw> (skw&ibreve;b), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>squippen</i>, <i>swippen</i>, to move swiftly, Icel. <i>svipa</i>
to swoop, flash, dart, whip; akin to AS. <i>swipian</i> to whip, and
E. <i>swift</i>, a. See <u>Swift</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little pipe, or hollow cylinder of paper,
filled with powder or combustible matter, to be thrown into the air
while burning, so as to burst there with a crack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lampoons, like <i>squibs</i>, may make a present
blaze.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The making and selling of fireworks, and <i>squibs</i>
. . . is punishable.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A kind of slow match or
safety fuse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sarcastic speech or publication; a petty
lampoon; a brief, witty essay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who copied his <i>squibs</i>, and re&euml;choed his
jokes.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A writer of lampoons.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>squibs</i> are those who in the common phrase of
the world are called libelers, lampooners, and
pamphleteers.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A paltry fellow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squib</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squibbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squibbing</u>.] <def>To throw squibs; to utter sarcastic or severe
reflections; to contend in petty dispute; as, to <i>squib</i> a little
debate.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Squid</hw> (skw&ibreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Squirt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of ten-armed cephalopods having a long, tapered body,
and a caudal fin on each side; especially, any species of
<i>Loligo</i>, <i>Ommastrephes</i>, and related genera. See
<u>Calamary</u>, <u>Decacerata</u>, <u>Dibranchiata</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some of these squids are very abundant on the Atlantic coast
of North America, and are used in large quantities for bait,
especially in the cod fishery. The most abundant of the American
squids are the northern squid (<i>Ommastrephes illecebrosus</i>),
ranging from Southern New England to Newfoundland, and the southern
squid (<i>Loligo Pealii</i>), ranging from Virginia to
Massachusetts.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fishhook with a piece of bright lead,
bone, or other substance, fastened on its shank to imitate a
squid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Flying squid</b></col>, <col><b>Giant squid</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Flying</u>, and
<u>Giant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Squid hound</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the striped bass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Squier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A square. See 1st
<u>Squire</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not the worst of the three but jumps twelve foot and a
half by the <i>squier</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Squi"er*ie</hw>, <hw>Squi"er*y</hw>  }, (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>escuiere</i>. See <u>Esquire</u>.] <def>A
company of squires; the whole body of squires.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is found in Tyrwhitt's Chaucer, but is not in the
modern editions.</p>

<p><hw>Squig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>swiggle</i> to drink greedily, to shake liquor in a close vessel,
and E. <i>sqig</i>.] <def>To shake and wash a fluid about in the mouth
with the lips closed.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squig"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Squirm</u>,
<u>Wiggle</u>.] <def>To move about like an eel; to squirm.</def> [Low,
U.S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1398 !></p>

<p><hw>Squil"gee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Formerly, a small
swab for drying a vessel's deck; now, a kind of scraper having a blade
or edge of rubber or of leather, -- used for removing superfluous,
water or other liquids, as from a vessel's deck after washing, from
window panes, photographer's plates, etc.</def> [Written also
<i>squillgee</i>, <i>squillagee</i>, <i>squeegee.</i>]</p>

<p><hw>Squill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>squille</i> (also
<i>scille</i> a squill, in sense 1), L. <i>squilla</i>, <i>scilla</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
European bulbous liliaceous plant (<i>Urginea, formerly Scilla,
maritima</i>), of acrid, expectorant, diuretic, and emetic properties
used in medicine. Called also <i>sea onion</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any bulbous plant of the genus <i>Scilla</i>;
as, the bluebell <i>squill</i> (<i>S. mutans</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
squilla.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A mantis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Squil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Squillas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Squill&aelig;</b></plw>
(#). [L., a sea onion, also, a prawn or shrimp. See <u>Squill</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous stomapod crustaceans of
the genus <u>Squilla</u> and allied genera. They make burrows in mud
or beneath stones on the seashore. Called also <i>mantis shrimp</i>.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Stomapoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squill*it"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to squills.</def> [R.] "<i>Squillitic</i> vinegar."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Squin"ance</hw> (?), <hw>Squin"an*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>esquinancie</i>, OF. <i>squinance</i>,
<i>esquinance</i>. See <u>Quinsy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The quinsy. See <u>Quinsy</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A European perennial herb
(<i>Asperula cynanchica</i>) with narrowly linear whorled leaves; --
formerly thought to cure the quinsy. Also called
<i>quincewort</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Squinancy berries</b></col>, <cd>black currants; -- so
called because used to cure the quinsy.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squinch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr.
<i>sconce</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A small arch thrown across the
corner of a square room to support a superimposed mass, as where an
octagonal spire or drum rests upon a square tower; -- called also
<i>sconce</i>, and <i>sconcheon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squin"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Quinsy</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Squint</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>schuinte</i> a
slope, <i>schuin</i>, <i>schuinisch</i>, sloping, oblique,
<i>schuins</i> slopingly.  Cf. <u>Askant</u>, <u>Askance</u>,
<u>Asquint</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Looking obliquely.
Specifically <i>(Med.)</i>, not having the optic axes coincident; --
said of the eyes. See <u>Squint</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Looking askance.</def> "<i>Squint</i>
suspicion."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squint</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squinted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squinting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To see or look obliquely,
asquint, or awry, or with a furtive glance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some can <i>squint</i> when they will.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To have the axes of the eyes
not coincident; -- to be cross-eyed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deviate from a true line; to run
obliquely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
turn to an oblique position; to direct obliquely; as, to <i>squint</i>
an eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to look with noncoincident optic
axes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . <i>squints</i> the eye, and makes the
harelid.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or habit of squinting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A want of coincidence of the
axes of the eyes; strabismus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hagioscope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squint"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
squints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squint"-eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An eye that
squints.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squint"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having eyes that quint; having eyes with axes not coincident;
cross-eyed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Looking obliquely, or asquint; malignant;
as, <i>squint-eyed</i> praise; <i>squint-eyed</i> jealousy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squint`i*fe"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Squinting.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><hw>Squint"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Squint</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def> -- <wf>Squint"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Squin"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To squint.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squin"zey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Quinsy</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Squir</hw> (skw&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
throw with a jerk; to throw edge foremost.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>squirr</i>.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squir"al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Squirarchy</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That such weight and influence be put thereby into the
hands of the <i>squiralty</i> of my kingdom.</blockquote>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squir"arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Squire</i> + <i>-
arch</i>.] <def>One who belongs to the squirarchy.</def> --
<wf>Squir"arch*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Squir"arch*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Squire</i> +
<i>-archy</i>.] <def>The gentlemen, or gentry, of a country,
collectively.</def> [Written also <i>squirearchy</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Squire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>esquierre</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;querre</i>. See <u>Square</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
square; a measure; a rule.</def> [Obs.] "With golden <i>squire</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squire</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>esquire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shield-bearer or armor-
bearer who attended a knight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A title of dignity next in degree below
<i>knight</i>, and above <i>gentleman</i>. See <u>Esquire</u>.</def>
[Eng.] "His privy knights and <i>squires</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A male attendant on a great personage; also
(Colloq.), a devoted attendant or follower of a lady; a
beau.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A title of office and courtesy. See under
<u>Esquire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squire</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>squired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>squiring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To attend as a squire.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attend as a beau, or gallant, for aid
and protection; as, to <i>squire</i> a lady.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squir*een"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is half
squire and half farmer; -- used humorously.</def> [Eng.]  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squire"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rank or
state of a squire; squireship.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>squire"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A petty
squire.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squire"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Becoming a
squire; like a squire.</def></p>

<p><hw>squire"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Squirehood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squirm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squirmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squirming</u>.] [Cf. <u>Swarm</u> to climb a tree.] <def>To twist
about briskly with contor&?;ions like an eel or a worm; to wriggle; to
writhe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squirr</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Squir</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squir"rel</hw> (skw&etilde;r"r&etilde;l <i>or</i>
skw&ibreve;r"-; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>squirel</i>, OF.
<i>esquirel</i>, <i>escurel</i>, F. <i>&eacute;cureuil</i>, LL.
<i>squirelus</i>, <i>squirolus</i>, <i>scuriolus</i>, dim. of L.
<i>sciurus</i>, Gr. <grk>si`oyros</grk>; <grk>skia`</grk> shade +
<grk>o'yra`</grk> tail.  Cf. <u>Shine</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of small rodents belonging to the genus <i>Sciurus</i> and
several allied genera of the family <i>Sciurid&aelig;</i>. Squirrels
generally have a bushy tail, large erect ears, and strong hind legs.
They are commonly arboreal in their habits, but many species live in
burrows.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the common North American squirrels are the gray
squirrel (<i>Scirius Carolinensis</i>) and its black variety; the fox,
or cat, sqirrel (<i>S. cinereus</i>, or <i>S. niger</i>) which is a
large species, and variable in color, the southern variety being
frequently black, while the northern and western varieties are usually
gray or rusty brown; the red squirrel (see <u>Chickaree</u>); the
striped, or chipping, squirrel (see <u>Chipmunk</u>); and the
California gray squirrel (<i>S. fossor</i>). Several other species
inhabit Mexico and Central America. The common European species
(<i>Sciurus vulgaris</i>) has a long tuft of hair on each ear. the so-
called Australian <i>squirrels</i> are marsupials. See
<u>Petaurist</u>, and <u>Phalanger</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the small rollers of a carding
machine which work with the large cylinder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Barking squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
prairie dog.</cd> -- <col><b>Federation squirrel</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the striped gopher. See <u>Gopher</u>,
2.</cd> -- <col><b>Flying squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>.
<cd>See <u>Flying squirrel</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Java squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>. <cd>See
<u>Jelerang</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel corn</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a North American herb (<i>Dicantra Canadensis</i>)
bearing little yellow tubers.</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel cup</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the blossom of the <i>Hepatica triloba</i>, a low
perennial herb with cup-shaped flowers varying from purplish blue to
pink or even white. It is one of the earliest flowers of spring.</cd>
-- <col><b>Squirrel fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A sea bass (<i>Serranus fascicularis</i>) of
the Southern United States</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The sailor's
choice (<i>Diplodus rhomboides</i>)</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The
redmouth, or grunt</cd>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>A market fish of
Bermuda (<i>Holocentrum Ascensione</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a pestiferous grass (<i>Hordeum
murinum</i>) related to barley. In California the stiffly awned
spiklets work into the wool of sheep, and into the throat, flesh, and
eyes of animals, sometimes even producing death.</cd> --
<col><b>Squirrel hake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common
American hake (<i>Phycis tenuis</i>); -- called also <i>white
hake</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel hawk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any rough-legged hawk; especially, the California species
<i>Archibuteo ferrugineus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel
monkey</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one
of several species of small, soft-haired South American monkeys of the
genus <i>Calithrix</i>. They are noted for their graceful form and
agility. See <u>Teetee</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
marmoset.</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel petaurus</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a flying phalanger of Australia. See
<u>Phalanger</u>, <u>Petaurist</u>, and <i>Flying phalanger</i> under
<u>Flying</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Squirrel shrew</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of East Indian and
Asiatic insectivores of the genus <i>Tupaia</i>. They are allied to
the shrews, but have a bushy tail, like that of a squirrel.</cd> --
<col><b>Squirrel-tail grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a grass
(<i>Hordeum jubatum</i>) found in salt marshes and along the Great
Lakes, having a dense spike beset with long awns.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Squirt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squirted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squirting</u>.] [Cf. LG. <i>swirtjen</i> to squirt, OSw.
<i>sqv&auml;tta</i>, E. <i>squander</i>.] <def>To drive or eject in a
stream out of a narrow pipe or orifice; as, to <i>squirt</i>
water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hard-featured miscreant coolly rolled his tobacco
in his cheek, and <i>squirted</i> the juice into the fire
grate.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Squirting cucumber</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Ecballium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Squirt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be thrown out, or ejected, in a rapid stream, from a narrow orifice; -
- said of liquids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to throw out or utter words rapidly;
to prate.</def> [Low]  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squirt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
instrument out of which a liquid is ejected in a small stream with
force.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small, quick stream; a jet.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squirt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, squirts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squir"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Squiery</u>.]
<def>The body of squires, collectively considered; squirarchy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The flower of chivalry and <i>squiry</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ld. Berbers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squitch" grass`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Quitch
grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squi*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the N. American
Indian name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The squeteague; -- called also
<i>squit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stab</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stabbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stabbing</u>.] [Cf. OD. <i>staven</i> to fix, fasten, fr.
<i>stave</i>, <i>staff</i>, a staff, rod; akin to G. <i>stab</i> a
staff, stick, E. <i>staff</i>; also Gael. <i>stob</i> to stab, as n.,
a stake, a stub.  Cf. <u>Staff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pierce
with a pointed weapon; to wound or kill by the thrust of a pointed
instrument; as, to <i>stab</i> a man with a dagger; also, to thrust;
as, to <i>stab</i> a dagger into a person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To injure secretly or by malicious
falsehood or slander; as, to <i>stab</i> a person's
reputation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stab</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
give a wound with a pointed weapon; to pierce; to thrust with a
pointed weapon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>None shall dare<BR>
With shortened sword to <i>stab</i> in closer war.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wound or pain, as if with a pointed
weapon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She speaks poniards, and every word
<i>stabs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stab at</b></col>, <cd>to offer or threaten to stab; to
thrust a pointed weapon at.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
thrust of a pointed weapon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wound with a sharp-pointed weapon; as, to
fall by the <i>stab</i> an assassin.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: An injury inflicted covertly or
suddenly; as, a <i>stab</i> given to character.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sta"bat Ma"ter</hw> (?). [L., the mother was standing.]
<def>A celebrated Latin hymn, beginning with these words,
commemorating the sorrows of the mother of our Lord at the foot of the
cross. It is read in the Mass of the Sorrows of the Virgin Mary, and
is sung by Catholics when making "the way of the cross" (<i>Via
Crucis</i>). See <u>Station</u>, 7 <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stab"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, stabs; a privy murderer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small marline spike; a
pricker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stab"bing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By stabbing;
with intent to injure covertly.</def>  <i>Bp. Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta*bil"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stabilimentum</i>, fr. <i>stabilire</i> to make firm ir stable, fr.
<i>stabilis</i>. See <u>Stable</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The act
of making firm; firm support; establishment.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer.
taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They serve for <i>stabiliment</i>, propagation, and
shade.</blockquote> <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta*bil"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>stabilitatus</i>, p. p. of <i>stabilitare</i> to make stable.]
<def>To make stable; to establish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stabilitas</i>; cf. F. <i>stabilit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Stable</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of
being stable, or firm; steadiness; firmness; strength to stand without
being moved or overthrown; as, the <i>stability</i> of a structure;
the <i>stability</i> of a throne or a constitution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Steadiness or firmness of character,
firmness of resolution or purpose; the quality opposite to
<i>fickleness</i>, <i>irresolution</i>, or <i>inconstancy</i>;
constancy; steadfastness; as, a man of little <i>stability</i>, or of
unusual <i>stability</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fixedness; -- as opposed to
<i>fluidity</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since fluidness and <i>stability</i> are contary
qualities.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Steadiness; stableness; constancy; immovability;
firmness.</p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>estable</i>, F.
<i>stable</i>, fr. L. <i>stabilis</i>, fr. <i>stare</i> to stand. See
<u>Stand</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> and cf. <u>Establish</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Firmly established; not easily moved, shaken,
or overthrown; fixed; as, a <i>stable</i> government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In this region of chance, . . . where nothing is
<i>stable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Steady in purpose; constant; firm in
resolution; not easily diverted from a purpose; not fickle or
wavering; as, a man of <i>stable</i> character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And to her husband ever meek and
<i>stable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Durable; not subject to overthrow or
change; firm; as, a <i>stable</i> foundation; a <i>stable</i>
position.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stable equibrium</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the kind of
equilibrium of a body so placed that if disturbed it returns to its
former position, as in the case when the center of gravity is below
the point or axis of support; -- opposed to <i>unstable
equilibrium</i>, in which the body if disturbed does not tend to
return to its former position, but to move farther away from it, as in
the case of a body supported at a point below the center of gravity.
Cf. <i>Neutral equilibrium</i>, under <u>Neutral</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fixed; steady; constant; abiding; strong; durable;
firm.</p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fix; to
establish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estable</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;table</i>, from L. <i>stabulum</i>, fr. <i>stare</i> to
stand. See <u>Stand</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A house, shed,
or building, for beasts to lodge and feed in; esp., a building or
apartment with stalls, for horses; as, a horse <i>stable</i>; a cow
<i>stable</i>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stable fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common
dipterous fly (<i>Stomoxys calcitrans</i>) which is abundant about
stables and often enters dwellings, especially in autumn. These files,
unlike the common house files, which they resemble, bite severely, and
are troublesome to horses and cattle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stabled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stabling</u> (?).] <def>To put or keep in a stable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dwell or lodge in
a stable; to dwell in an inclosed place; to kennel.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sta"ble*boy`</hw> (?), <hw>Sta"ble*man</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boy or man who attends in a stable; a
groom; a hostler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being stable, or firmly established; stability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stable
keeper.</def>  <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble stand`</hw> (?). <i>(O.Eng. Law)</i> <def>The position
of a man who is found at his standing in the forest, with a crossbow
or a longbow bent, ready to shoot at a deer, or close by a tree with
greyhounds in a leash ready to slip; -- one of the four presumptions
that a man intends stealing the king's deer.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or practice of keeping horses and cattle in a
stable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A building, shed, or room for horses and
cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stab"lish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>establish</i>.] <def>To settle permanently in a state; to make
firm; to establish; to fix.</def> [Obs.]  <i>2 Sam. vii. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stab"lish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Establishment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sta"bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stable
manner; firmly; fixedly; steadily; as, a government <i>stably</i>
settled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stab`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stabulatio</i>, fr. <i>stabulari</i> to stable cattle, fr.
<i>stabulum</i>. See <u>Stable</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of stabling or housing
beasts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place for lodging beasts; a stable.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Stac*ca"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It., p. p. of
<i>staccere</i>, equivalent to <i>distaccare</i>. See <u>Detach</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Disconnected; separated;
distinct; -- a direction to perform the notes of a passage in a short,
distinct, and pointed manner. It is opposed to <i>legato</i>, and
often indicated by heavy accents written over or under the notes, or
by dots when the performance is to be less distinct and
emphatic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressed in a brief, pointed
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Staccato</i> and peremptory [literary
criticism].</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stack</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>stakkr</i>; akin
to Sw. <i>stack</i>, Dan. <i>stak</i>. Sf. <u>Stake</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large pile of hay, grain, straw, or the
like, usually of a nearly conical form, but sometimes rectangular or
oblong, contracted at the top to a point or ridge, and sometimes
covered with thatch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But corn was housed, and beans were in the
<i>stack</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pile of poles or wood, indefinite in
quantity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Against every pillar was a <i>stack</i> of billets
above a man's height.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pile of wood containing 108 cubic
feet.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A number
of flues embodied in one structure, rising above the roof.
Hence:</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any single insulated and
prominent structure, or upright pipe, which affords a conduit for
smoke; as, the brick smoke<i>stack</i> of a factory; the
smoke<i>stack</i> of a steam vessel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stack of arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a number of
muskets or rifles set up together, with the bayonets crossing one
another, forming a sort of conical self-supporting pile.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stacked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stacking</u>.] [Cf. Sw. <i>stacka</i>, Dan. <i>stakke</i>. See
<u>Stack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To lay in a conical or other
pile; to make into a large pile; as, to <i>stack</i> hay, cornstalks,
or grain; to <i>stack</i> or place wood.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To stack arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to set up a
number of muskets or rifles together, with the bayonets crossing one
another, and forming a sort of conical pile.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1399 !></p>

<p><hw>Stack"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hay, gray, or the like, in stacks; things stacked.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tax on things stacked.</def> [R.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stack"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>estacade</i>
and E. <i>stockade</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A stockade.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stack"-guard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A covering or
protection, as a canvas, for a stack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stack"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Stack</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stacking band</b></col>, <col><b>Stacking belt</b></col>,
<cd>a band or rope used in binding thatch or straw upon a stack.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stacking stage</b></col>, <cd>a stage used in building
stacks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stack"stand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A staging for
supporting a stack of hay or grain; a rickstand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stack"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yard or
inclosure for stacks of hay or grain.</def>  <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stac"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
strictly fem. of &?; cozing out in drops, fr. &?; to drop.] <def>One
of the sweet spices used by the ancient Jews in the preparation of
incense. It was perhaps an oil or other form of myrrh or cinnamon, or
a kind of storax.</def>  <i>Ex. xxx. 34.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sta&eth;ol</i>,
<i>sra&eth;ul</i>, a foundation, firm seat; akin to E. <i>stand</i>.
&radic;163.  See <u>Stand</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] [Formerly
written <i>stadle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything which serves
for support; a staff; a prop; a crutch; a cane.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His weak steps governing<BR>
And aged limbs on cypress <i>stadle</i> stout.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The frame of a stack of hay or grain.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A row of dried or drying hay, etc.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small tree of any kind, especially a
forest tree.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In America, trees are called <i>staddles</i> from the time
that they are three or four years old till they are six or eight
inches in diameter, or more. This is also the sense in which the word
is used by Bacon and Tusser.</p>

<p><hw>Stad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To leave the staddles, or saplings, of, as a wood when it is
cut.</def> [R.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form into staddles, as hay.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>stade</i>.]
<def>A stadium.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>gestade</i> shore.]
<def>A landing place or wharf.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta*dim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stadium</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>A horizontal graduated bar mounted on a staff,
used as a stadium, or telemeter, for measuring distances.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sta"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stadia</b></plw> (#). [L., a stadium (in sense 1), from Gr.
&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Greek measure of length, being the
chief one used for itinerary distances, also adopted by the Romans for
nautical and astronomical measurements. It was equal to 600 Greek or
625 Roman feet, or 125 Roman paces, or to 606 feet 9 inches English.
This was also called the <i>Olympic stadium</i>, as being the exact
length of the foot-race course at Olympia.</def>  <i>Dr. W.
Smith.</i></p>

<p>
<sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a race course; especially, the Olympic
course for foot races.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of telemeter for measuring the
distance of an object of known dimensions, by observing the angle it
subtends; especially <i>(Surveying)</i>, a graduated rod used to
measure the distance of the place where it stands from an instrument
having a telescope, by observing the number of the graduations of the
rod that are seen between certain parallel wires (<i>stadia wires</i>)
in the field of view of the telescope; -- also called <i>stadia</i>,
and <i>stadia rod</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stadt"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>stadhouder</i>; <i>stad</i> a city, a town + <i>houder</i> a
holder.] <def>Formerly, the chief magistrate of the United Provinces
of Holland; also, the governor or lieutenant governor of a
province.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stadt"hold`er*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Stadt"hold`er*ship</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or position of a
stadtholder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*fette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>stafette</i>. See <u>Estafet</u>.] <def>An estafet.</def> [R.]
<i>arlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Staff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Staves</b></plw> (&?; or &?;; 277) or <plw><b>Staffs</b></plw>
(#) in senses 1-9, <plw><b>Staffs</b></plw> in senses 10, 11. [AS.
<i>st&aelig;f</i> a staff; akin to LG. &amp; D. <i>staf</i>, OFries
<i>stef</i>, G. <i>stab</i>, Icel. <i>stafr</i>, Sw. <i>staf</i>, Dan.
<i>stav</i>, Goth. <i>stabs</i> element, rudiment, Skr.
<i>sth&amacr;pay</i> to cause to stand, to place. See <u>Stand</u>,
and cf. <u>Stab</u>, <u>Stave</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long piece of wood; a stick; the long handle
of an instrument or weapon; a pole or srick, used for many purposes;
as, a surveyor's <i>staff</i>; the <i>staff</i> of a spear or
pike.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he put the <i>staves</i> into the rings on the
sides of the altar to bear it withal.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxviii.
7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With forks and <i>staves</i> the felon to
pursue.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stick carried in the hand for support or
defense by a person walking; hence, a support; that which props or
upholds.</def> "Hooked <i>staves</i>."  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The boy was the very <i>staff</i> of my
age.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He spoke of it [beer] in "The Earnest Cry," and
likewise in the "Scotch Drink," as one of the <i>staffs</i> of life
which had been struck from the poor man's hand.</blockquote> <i>Prof.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pole, stick, or wand borne as an ensign
of authority; a badge of office; as, a constable's
<i>staff</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Methought this <i>staff</i>, mine office badge in
court,<BR>
Was broke in twain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All his officers brake their <i>staves</i>; but at
their return new <i>staves</i> were delivered unto them.</blockquote>
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pole upon which a flag is supported and
displayed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The round of a ladder.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I ascend at one [ladder] of six hundred and thirty-nine
<i>staves</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dr. J. Campbell (E. Brown's
Travels).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A series of verses so disposed that, when
it is concluded, the same order begins again; a stanza; a
stave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cowley found out that no kind of <i>staff</i> is proper
for an heroic poem, as being all too lyrical.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The five lines and the spaces
on which music is written; -- formerly called <i>stave</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>An arbor, as of a wheel or a
pinion of a watch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The grooved director for the
gorget, or knife, used in cutting for stone in the bladder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> [From <u>Staff</u>, 3, a badge of office.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An establishment of officers in various departments
attached to an army, to a section of an army, or to the commander of
an army. The general's staff consists of those officers about his
person who are employed in carrying his commands into execution. See
<u>&Eacute;tat Major</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Hence: A body of assistants serving to
carry into effect the plans of a superintendant or manager; as, the
<i>staff</i> of a newspaper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Jacob's staff</b></col> <i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>a single
straight rod or staff, pointed and iron-shod at the bottom, for
penetrating the ground, and having a socket joint at the top, used,
instead of a tripod, for supporting a compass.</cd> -- <col><b>Staff
angle</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a square rod of wood standing
flush with the wall on each of its sides, at the external angles of
plastering, to prevent their being damaged.</cd> -- <col><b>The staff
of life</b></col>, <cd>bread.</cd> "Bread is <i>the staff of
life</i>." <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Staff tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the genus <i>Celastrus</i>, mostly
climbing shrubs of the northern hemisphere.  The American species
(<i>C. scandens</i>) is commonly called <i>bittersweet</i>. See 2d
<u>Bittersweet</u>, 3 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>To
set</b></col>, or <col><b>To put</b></col>, <col><b>up, or
down</b></col>, <col><b>one's staff</b></col>, <cd>to take up one's
residence; to lodge.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Staf"fi*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An attendant
bearing a staff.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Staffiers</i> on foot."
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Staff"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stiff;
harsh.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Staff"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Staffmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A workman employed in silk
throwing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>steggr</i> the
male of several animals; or a doubtful AS. <i>stagga</i>.  Cf.
<u>Steg</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The adult male of the red deer (<i>Cervus
elaphus</i>), a large European species closely related to the American
elk, or wapiti.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The male of certain
other species of large deer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A colt, or filly; also, a romping
girl.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A castrated bull; -- called also <i>bull
stag</i>, and <i>bull seg</i>. See the Note under <u>Ox</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An outside irregular dealer in stocks, who is not a member of the
exchange.</def> [Cant] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who applies for
the allotment of shares in new projects, with a view to sell
immediately at a premium, and not to hold the stock.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
wren.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Stag beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of lamellicorn beetles belonging to <i>Lucanus</i>
and allied genera, especially <i>L. cervus</i> of Europe and <i>L.
dama</i> of the United States.  The mandibles are large and branched,
or forked, whence the name. The lava feeds on the rotten wood of dead
trees. Called also <i>horned bug</i>, and <i>horse beetle</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stag dance</b></col>, a dance by men only. [slang, U.S.] --
<col><b>Stag hog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
babiroussa.</cd> -- <col><b>Stag-horn coral</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of large branching
corals of the genus <i>Madrepora</i>, which somewhat resemble the
antlers of the stag, especially <i>Madrepora cervicornis</i>, and
<i>M. palmata</i>, of Florida and the West Indies.</cd> --
<col><b>Stag-horn fern</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an Australian and
West African fern (<i>Platycerium alcicorne</i>) having the large
fronds branched like a stag's horns; also, any species of the same
genus.</cd> -- <col><b>Stag-horn sumac</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
common American shrub (<i>Rhus typhina</i>) having densely velvety
branchlets. See <u>Sumac</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stag party</b></col>,
<cd>a party consisting of men only.</cd> [Slang, U. S.] --
<col><b>Stag tick</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a parasitic
dipterous insect of the family <i>Hippoboscid&aelig;</i>, which lives
upon the stag and in usually wingless. The same species lives also
upon the European grouse, but in that case has wings.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stag</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>To act as
a "stag", or irregular dealer in stocks.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Stag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To watch; to dog, or
keep track of.</def> [Prov. Eng. or Slang]  <i>H. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estage</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tage</i>, (assumed) LL. <i>staticum</i>, from L.
<i>stare</i> to stand.  See <u>Stand</u>, and cf. <u>Static</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A floor or story of a house.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An elevated platform on which an orator may
speak, a play be performed, an exhibition be presented, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A floor elevated for the convenience of
mechanical work, or the like; a scaffold; a staging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A platform, often floating, serving as a
kind of wharf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The floor for scenic performances; hence,
the theater; the playhouse; hence, also, the profession of
representing dramatic compositions; the drama, as acted or
exhibited.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Knights, squires, and steeds, must enter on the
<i>stage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lo! Where the <i>stage</i>, the poor, degraded
<i>stage</i>,<BR>
Holds its warped mirror to a gaping age.</blockquote> <i>C.
Sprague.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A place where anything is publicly
exhibited; the scene of any noted action or carrer; the spot where any
remarkable affair occurs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When we are born, we cry that we are come<BR>
To this <i>stage</i> of fools.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Music and ethereal mirth<BR>
Wherewith the <i>stage</i> of air and earth did ring.</blockquote>
<i>Miton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The platform of a microscope, upon which an
object is placed to be viewed. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Microscope</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A place of rest on a regularly traveled
road; a stage house; a station; a place appointed for a relay of
horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A degree of advancement in a journey; one
of several portions into which a road or course is marked off; the
distance between two places of rest on a road; as, a <i>stage</i> of
ten miles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>stage</i> . . . signifies a certain distance on a
road.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He traveled by gig, with his wife, his favorite horse
performing the journey by easy <i>stages</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Smiles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A degree of advancement in any pursuit, or
of progress toward an end or result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a polity is suited only to a particular
<i>stage</i> in the progress of society.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A large vehicle running from station to
station for the accomodation of the public; a stagecoach; an
omnibus.</def> "A parcel sent you by the <i>stage</i>."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I went in the sixpenny <i>stage</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of several marked
phases or periods in the development and growth of many animals and
plants; as, the larval <i>stage</i>; pupa <i>stage</i>; z&oelig;a
<i>stage</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stage box</b></col>, <cd>a box close to the stage in a
theater.</cd> -- <col><b>Stage carriage</b></col>, <cd>a
stagecoach.</cd> -- <col><b>Stage door</b></col>, <cd>the actor's and
workmen's entrance to a theater.</cd> -- <col><b>Stage
lights</b></col>, <cd>the lights by which the stage in a theater is
illuminated.</cd> -- <col><b>Stage micrometer</b></col>, <cd>a
graduated device applied to the stage of a microscope for measuring
the size of an object.</cd> -- <col><b>Stage wagon</b></col>, <cd>a
wagon which runs between two places for conveying passengers or
goods.</cd> -- <col><b>Stage whisper</b></col>, <cd>a loud whisper, as
by an actor in a theater, supposed, for dramatic effect, to be unheard
by one or more of his fellow actors, yet audible to the audience; an
aside.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Stage</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exhibit upon a
stage, or as upon a stage; to display publicly.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stage"coach`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coach that
runs regularly from one stage, station, or place to another, for the
conveyance of passengers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stage"coach`man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stagecoachmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who drives a
stagecoach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stage"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house where
a stage regularly stops for passengers or a relay of horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stage"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a stage;
becoming the theater; theatrical.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stage"play`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dramatic or
theatrical entertainment.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stage"play`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An actor on
the stage; one whose occupation is to represent characters on the
stage; as, Garrick was a celebrated <i>stageplayer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A player.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has long acted on the stage of
life; a practitioner; a person of experience, or of skill derived from
long experience.</def> "You will find most of the old <i>stagers</i>
still stationary there."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A horse used in drawing a stage.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sta"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Exhibition on the
stage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stage"-struck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fascinated
by the stage; seized by a passionate desire to become an
actor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"-e`vil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
kind of palsy affecting the jaw of a horse.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stag"gard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Stag</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male red deer when four years
old.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Staggered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Staggering</u>.] [OE. <i>stakeren</i>, Icel. <i>stakra</i> to push,
to stagger, fr. <i>staka</i> to punt, push, stagger; cf. OD.
<i>staggeren</i> to stagger.  Cf. <u>Stake</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move to one side and the other, as if about
to fall, in standing or walking; not to stand or walk with steadiness;
to sway; to reel or totter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Deep was the wound; he <i>staggered</i> with the
blow.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cease to stand firm; to begin to give
way; to fail.</def> "The enemy <i>staggers</i>."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To begin to doubt and waver in purposes; to
become less confident or determined; to hesitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Abraham] <i>staggered</i> not at the promise of God
through unbelief.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iv. 20.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stag"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to reel or totter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That hand shall burn in never-quenching fire<BR>
That <i>staggers</i> thus my person.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to doubt and waver; to make to
hesitate; to make less steady or confident; to shock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever will read the story of this war will find
himself much <i>stagered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Grants to the house of Russell were so enormous, as not
only to outrage economy, but even to <i>stagger</i>
credibility.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To arrange (a series of parts) on each side
of a median line alternately, as the spokes of a wheel or the rivets
of a boiler seam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
unsteady movement of the body in walking or standing, as if one were
about to fall; a reeling motion; vertigo; -- often in the plural; as,
the <i>stagger</i> of a drunken man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A disease of
horses and other animals, attended by reeling, unsteady gait or sudden
falling; as, parasitic <i>staggers</i>; appopletic or sleepy
<i>staggers</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Bewilderment; perplexity.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stomach staggers</b></col> <i>(Far.)</i>, <cd>distention of
the stomach with food or gas, resulting in indigestion, frequently in
death.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stag"ger*bush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American shrub (<i>Andromeda Mariana</i>) having clusters of
nodding white flowers. It grows in low, sandy places, and is said to
poison lambs and calves.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stag"ger*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
staggering manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"ger*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A kind of ragwort (<i>Senecio Jacob&aelig;a</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stag"-horn` co"ral</hw> (?), <hw>Stag"-horn` fern`</hw> (?),
etc.} <def>See under <u>Stag</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"-horned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the mandibles large and palmate, or
branched somewhat like the antlers of a stag; -- said of certain
beetles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large and powerful hound formerly used in hunting the stag, the
wolf, and other large animals. The breed is nearly extinct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A structure of
posts and boards for supporting workmen, etc., as in
building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The business of running stagecoaches; also,
the act of journeying in stagecoaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"i*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of, or
resident in, <i>Stagira</i>, in ancient Macedonia; especially,
Aristotle.</def> [Written also <i>Stagyrite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stag"nan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
stagnant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stagnans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>stagnare</i>. See <u>Stagnate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That stagnates; not flowing; not running in a
current or steam; motionless; hence, impure or foul from want of
motion; as, a <i>stagnant</i> lake or pond; <i>stagnant</i> blood in
the veins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not active or brisk; dull; as, business in
<i>stagnant</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That gloomy slumber of the <i>stagnant</i>
soul.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For him a <i>stagnant</i> life was not worth
living.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stag"nant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stagnant
manner.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1400 !></p>

<p><hw>Stag"nate</hw> (st&abreve;g"n&amacr;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stagnated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Stagnating</u>.] [L. <i>stagnatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>stagnare</i> to stagnate, make stagnant, from <i>stagnum</i> a
piece of standing water. See <u>Stank</u> a pool, and cf.
<u>Stanch</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cease to flow; to be motionless; as, blood <i>stagnates</i> in the
veins of an animal; hence, to become impure or foul by want of motion;
as, air <i>stagnates</i> in a close room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cease to be brisk or active; to become
dull or inactive; as, commerce <i>stagnates</i>; business
<i>stagnates</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ready-witted tenderness . . . never <i>stagnates</i> in
vain lamentations while there is any room for hope.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stag"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stagnant.</def>
[Obs.] "A <i>stagnate</i> mass of vapors."  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stag*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stagnation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being
stagnant; cessation of flowing or circulation, as of a fluid; the
state of being motionless; as, the <i>stagnation</i> of the blood; the
<i>stagnation</i> of water or air; the <i>stagnation</i> of
vapors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cessation of action, or of brisk
action; the state of being dull; as, the <i>stagnation</i> of
business.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stag"worm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The larve of any species of botfly which is parasitic upon the
stag, as <i>&OElig;strus, or Hypoderma, act&aelig;on</i>, which
burrows beneath the skin, and <i>Cephalomyia auribarbis</i>, which
lives in the nostrils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stahl"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
taught by, <i>Stahl</i>, a German physician and chemist of the 17th
century; as, the <i>Stahlian</i> theory of phlogiston.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stahl"ian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in, or
advocate of, Stahlism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stahl"ism</hw> (?), <hw>Stahl"ian*ism</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Stahlian theory, that every vital action
is function or operation of the soul.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staid</hw> (st&amacr;d), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Stay</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Stay</u> to stop.]
<def>Sober; grave; steady; sedate; composed; regular; not wild,
volatile, or fanciful.</def> "Sober and <i>staid</i> persons."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O'erlaid with black, <i>staid</i> Wisdom's
hue.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sober; grave; steady; steadfast; composed; regular;
sedate.</p>

<p><hw>Staid"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a staid manner,
sedately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staid"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being staid; seriousness; steadiness; sedateness; regularity; --
the opposite of <i>wildness</i>, or <i>levity</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If sometimes he appears too gray, yet a secret
gracefulness of youth accompanies his writings, though the
<i>staidness</i> and sobriety of age wanting.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sobriety; gravity; steadiness; regularity;
constancy; firmness; stability; sedateness.</p>

<p><hw>Stail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A handle, as of a
mop; a stale.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Staining</u>.] [Abbrev. fr. <i>distain</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To discolor by the application of foreign matter; to make foul;
to spot; as, to <i>stain</i> the hand with dye; armor <i>stained</i>
with blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To color, as wood, glass, paper, cloth, or
the like, by processess affecting, chemically or otherwise, the
material itself; to tinge with a color or colors combining with, or
penetrating, the substance; to dye; as, to <i>stain</i> wood with
acids, colored washes, paint rubbed in, etc.; to <i>stain</i>
glass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spot with guilt or infamy; to bring
reproach on; to blot; to soil; to tarnish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of honor void,<BR>
Of innocence, of faith, of purity,<BR>
Our wonted ornaments now soiled and <i>stained</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to seem inferior or soiled by
comparison.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>stains</i> the ripest virgins of her
age.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That did all other beasts in beauty
<i>stain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stained glass</b></col>, <cd>glass colored or stained by
certain metallic pigments fused into its substance, -- often used for
making ornament windows.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To paint; dye; blot; soil; sully; discolor;
disgrace; taint.  -- <u>Paint</u>, <u>Stain</u>, <u>Dye</u>. These
denote three different processes; the first mechanical, the other two,
chiefly chemical. To <i>paint</i> a thing is so spread a coat of
coloring matter over it; to <i>stain</i> or <i>dye</i> a thing is to
impart color to its substance. To <i>stain</i> is said chiefly of
solids, as wood, glass, paper; to <i>dye</i>, of fibrous substances,
textile fabrics, etc.; the one, commonly, a simple process, as
applying a wash; the other more complex, as fixing colors by
mordants.</p>

<p><hw>Stain</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give or receive a
stain; to grow dim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
discoloration by foreign matter; a spot; as, a <i>stain</i> on a
garment or cloth.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A natural spot of a color different from
the gound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Swift trouts, diversified with crimson
<i>stains</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Taint of guilt; tarnish; disgrace;
reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor death itself can wholly wash their
<i>stains</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our opinion . . . is, I trust, without any blemish or
<i>stain</i> of heresy.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Cause of reproach; shame.</def>  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A tincture; a tinge.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You have some <i>stain</i> of soldier in
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blot; spot; taint; pollution; blemish; tarnish;
color; disgrace; infamy; shame.</p>

<p><hw>Stain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stains or tarnishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A workman who stains; as, a <i>stainer</i>
of wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stain"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from stain;
immaculate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The veery care he took to keep his name<BR>
<i>Stainless</i>, with some was evidence of shame.</blockquote>
<i>Crabbe.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Blameless; spotless; faultless. See
<u>Blameless</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Stain"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stainless
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stair</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>steir</i>,
<i>steyer</i>, AS. <i>st&?;ger</i>, from <i>&?;igan</i> to ascend,
rise. &radic;164. See <u>Sty</u> to ascend.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One step of a series for ascending or descending to a different
level; -- commonly applied to those within a building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A series of steps, as for passing from one
story of a house to another; -- commonly used in the plural; but
originally used in the singular only.</def> "I a winding <i>stair</i>
found."  <i>Chaucer's Dream.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Below stairs</b></col>, <cd>in the basement or lower part
of a house, where the servants are.</cd> -- <col><b>Flight of
stairs</b></col>, <cd>the stairs which make the whole ascent of a
story.</cd> -- <col><b>Pair of stairs</b></col>, <cd>a set or flight
of stairs. -- <i>pair</i>, in this phrase, having its old meaning of a
<i>set</i>. See <u>Pair</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> --
<col><b>Run of stars</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a single set of
stairs, or section of a stairway, from one platform to the next.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stair rod</b></col>, <cd>a rod, usually of metal, for
holding a stair carpet to its place.</cd> -- <col><b>Up
stairs</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Upstairs</u> in the Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stair"case`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flight of
stairs with their supporting framework, casing, balusters,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make a complete <i>staircase</i> is a curious piece
of architecture.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Staircase shell</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any scalaria, or wentletrap</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any species of Solarium, or perspective
shell.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stair"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The head or top
of a staircase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stair"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flight of
stairs or steps; a staircase.</def> "A rude and narrow
<i>stairway</i>."  <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Staith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&aelig;&?;</i>
a bank, shore, from the root of E. <i>stead</i>.] <def>A landing
place; an elevated staging upon a wharf for discharging coal, etc., as
from railway cars, into vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staith"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man employed
in weighing and shipping at a staith.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stake</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>staca</i>, from
the root of E. <i>stick</i>; akin to OFries. &amp; LG. <i>stake</i>, D.
<i>staak</i>, Sw. stake, Dan. <i>stage</i>. See <u>Stick</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Estacade</u>, <u>Stockade</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of wood, usually long and slender,
pointed at one end so as to be easily driven into the ground as a
support or stay; as, a <i>stake</i> to support vines, fences, hedges,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sharpened <i>stake</i> strong Dryas
found.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stick inserted upright in a lop, eye, or
mortise, at the side or end of a cart, a flat car, or the like, to
prevent goods from falling off.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The piece of timber to which a martyr was
affixed to be burned; hence, martyrdom by fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small anvil usually furnished with a tang
to enter a hole in a bench top, -- used by tinsmiths, blacksmiths,
etc., for light work, punching upon, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is laid down as a wager; that
which is staked or hazarded; a pledge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>At stake</b></col>, <cd>in danger; hazarded; pledged.</cd>
"I see my reputation is <i>at stake</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stake</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Staked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Staking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fasten, support, or defend
with stakes; as, to <i>stake</i> vines or plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark the limits of by stakes; -- with
<i>out</i>; as, to <i>stake</i> out land; to <i>stake</i> out a new
road.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put at hazard upon the issue of
competition, or upon a future contingency; to wager; to
pledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>stake</i> yon lamb, that near the fountain
plays.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pierce or wound with a stake.</def>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stake"-driv`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common American bittern (<i>Botaurus
lentiginosus</i>); -- so called because one of its notes resembles the
sound made in driving a stake into the mud. Called also <i>meadow
hen</i>, and <i>Indian hen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stake"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Rope making)</i>
<def>A horizontal bar on a stake, used for supporting the yarns which
are kept apart by pins in the bar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stake"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The holder of
a stake; one with whom the bets are deposited when a wager is
laid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stak*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; falling
by drops + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>A drop measurer; a glass tube tapering
to a small orifice at the point, and having a bulb in the middle, used
for finding the number of drops in equal quantities of different
liquids. See <u>Pipette</u>.</def>  <i>Sir D. Brewster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stal</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Steal</u>.
<def>Stole.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sta*lac"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Sta*lac"tic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Stalactitic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*lac"ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
stalactite; resembling a stalactite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*lac"tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stalactites</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?; oozing out in drops,
dropping, fr. &?; to drop: cf. F. <i>stalactite</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pendent cone or cylinder of calcium
carbonate resembling an icicle in form and mode of attachment.
Stalactites are found depending from the roof or sides of caverns, and
are produced by deposition from waters which have percolated through,
and partially dissolved, the overlying limestone rocks.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In an extended sense, any mineral or rock of
similar form and origin; as, a <i>stalactite</i> of lava.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stal`ac*ti"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
stalactite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stal`ac*tit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Stal`ac*tit"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>stalactitique</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a stalactite; having the form or characters
of a stalactite; stalactic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stal`ac*tit"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
the form of a stalactite; stalactiform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*lag"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; that which
drops, a drop, fr. &?; to drop; cf. F. <i>stalagmite</i>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A deposit more or less resembling an inverted
stalactite, formed by calcareous water dropping on the floors of
caverns; hence, a similar deposit of other material.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stal`ag*mit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Stal`ag*mit"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form or structure of
stalagmites.</def> -- <wf>Stal`ag*mit"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stal"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the root of
<i>stall</i>.] <def>A wooden frame to set casks on.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stale</i>,
<i>stele</i>, AS. <i>st&aelig;l</i>, <i>stel</i>; akin to LG. &amp; D.
<i>steel</i>, G. <i>stiel</i>; cf. L. <i>stilus</i> stake, stalk,
stem, Gr. &?; a handle, and E. <i>stall</i>, <i>stalk</i>, n.]
<def>The stock or handle of anything; as, the <i>stale</i> of a
rake.</def> [Written also <i>steal</i>, <i>stele</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But seeling the arrow's <i>stale</i> without, and that
the head did go<BR>
No further than it might be seen.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stale</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Akin to <i>stale</i> urine,
and to <i>stall</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>probably from Low German
or Scandinavian</i>. <i>Cf</i>. <u>Stale</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Vapid or tasteless from age; having lost its
life, spirit, and flavor, from being long kept; as, <i>stale</i>
beer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not new; not freshly made; as, <i>stele</i>
bread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having lost the life or graces of youth;
worn out; decayed.</def> "A <i>stale</i> virgin."
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Worn out by use or familiarity; having lost
its novelty and power of pleasing; trite; common.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wit itself, if <i>stale</i> is less
pleasing.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How weary, <i>stale</i> flat, and unprofitable<BR>
Seem to me all the uses of this world!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stale affidavit</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an affidavit
held above a year.</cd> <i>Craig.</i> -- <col><b>Stale
demand</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a claim or demand which has not
been pressed or demanded for a long time.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stale</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Staled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Staling</u>.] <def>To make vapid or tasteless; to destroy the life,
beauty, or use of; to wear out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Age can not wither her, nor custom <i>stale</i><BR>
Her infinite variety.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stale</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Akin to D. &amp; G.
<i>stallen</i>, Dan. <i>stalle</i>, Sw. <i>stalla</i>, and E.
<i>stall</i> a stable. &?; 163. See <u>Stall</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Stale</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>To make water; to discharge urine; -- said especially of horses
and cattle.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stale</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is stale or worn out by long keeping, or by use.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A prostitute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Urine, esp. that of beasts.</def>
"<i>Stale</i> of horses."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>estal</i> place,
position, abode, market, F. <i>&eacute;tal</i> a butcher's stall, OHG.
<i>stal</i> station, place, stable, G. <i>stall</i> (see <u>Stall</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>); or from OE. <i>stale</i> theft, AS.
<i>stalu</i> (see <u>Steal</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>)]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something set, or offered to view, as an
allurement to draw others to any place or purpose; a decoy; a stool
pigeon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Still, as he went, he crafty <i>stales</i> did
lay.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stalking-horse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chess)</i> <def>A stalemate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A laughingstock; a dupe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stale"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a state stale manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of old; long since.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stale"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chess)</i>
<def>The position of the king when he can not move without being
placed on check and there is no other piece which can be
moved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stale"mate`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chess)</i>
<def>To subject to a stalemate; hence, to bring to a stand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stale"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being stale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stalk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stalke</i>, fr.
AS. <i>st&aelig;l</i>, <i>stel</i>, a stalk. See <u>Stale</u> a
handle, <u>Stall</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The stem or main axis of a plant; as, a
<i>stalk</i> of wheat, rye, or oats; the <i>stalks</i> of maize or
hemp.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The petiole, pedicel, or
peduncle, of a plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembes the stalk of a plant,
as the stem of a quill.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament in the
Corinthian capital resembling the stalk of a plant, from which the
volutes and helices spring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the two upright pieces of a
ladder.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To climd by the rungs and the
<i>stalks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
stem or peduncle, as of certain barnacles and crinoids.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The narrow basal portion of the abdomen of a
hymenopterous insect.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The peduncle of
the eyes of decapod crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>An iron bar with
projections inserted in a core to strengthen it; a core
arbor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stalk borer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of
a noctuid moth (<i>Gortyna nitela</i>), which bores in the stalks of
the raspberry, strawberry, tomato, asters, and many other garden
plants, often doing much injury.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1401 !></p>

<p><hw>Stalk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stalked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stalking</u>.] [AS. <i>st&aelig;lcan</i>, <i>stealcian</i> to go
slowly; cf. <i>stels</i> high, elevated, Dan. <i>stalke</i> to stalk;
probably akin to 1st <i>stalk</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To walk
slowly and cautiously; to walk in a stealthy, noiseless manner; --
sometimes used with a reflexive pronoun.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Into the chamber he <i>stalked</i> him full
still.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Bertran] <i>stalks</i> close behind her, like a
witch's fiend,<BR>
Pressing to be employed.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk behind something as a screen, for
the purpose of approaching game; to proceed under clover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king . . . crept under the shoulder of his led
horse; . . . "I must <i>stalk</i>," said he.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One underneath his horse, to get a shoot doth
<i>stalk</i>.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To walk with high and proud steps; usually
implying the affectation of dignity, and indicating dislike. The word
is used, however, especially by the poets, to express dignity of
step.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With manly mien he <i>stalked</i> along the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>stalking</i> through the deep,<BR>
He fords the ocean.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I forbear myself from entering the lists in which he
has long <i>stalked</i> alone and unchallenged.</blockquote>
<i>Mericale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stalk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To approach under
cover of a screen, or by stealth, for the purpose of killing, as
game.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As for shooting a man from behind a wall, it is cruelly
like to <i>stalking</i> a deer.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stalk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A high, proud, stately
step or walk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus twice before, . . . <BR>
With martial <i>stalk</i> hath he gone by our watch.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The which with monstrous <i>stalk</i> behind him
stepped.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stalked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a stalk or
stem; borne upon a stem.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stalked barnacle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a goose
barnacle, or anatifer; -- called also <i>stalk barnacle</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stalked crinoid</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any crinoid
having a jointed stem.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stalk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stalks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of fishing net.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stalk"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the eyes raised on a stalk, or peduncle; -- opposed to
<i>sessile-eyed</i>. Said especially of podophthalmous
crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stalk-eyed crustaceans</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Podophthalmia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stalk"ing-horse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A horse, or a figure resembling a horse,
behind which a hunter conceals himself from the game he is aiming to
kill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Something used to cover up a secret
project; a mask; a pretense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hypocrisy is the devil's <i>stalking-horse</i> under an
affectation of simplicity and religion.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How much more abominable is it to make of him [Christ]
and religion a <i>stalking-horse</i>, to get and enjoy the
world!</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stalk"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
stalk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stalk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hard as a stalk;
resembling a stalk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the top [it] bears a great <i>stalky</i>
head.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stall</hw> (st&add;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stal</i>,
AS. <i>steall</i>, <i>stall</i>, a place, seat, or station, a stable;
akin to D. &amp; OHG. <i>stal</i>, G. &amp; Sw. <i>stall</i>, Icel.
<i>stallr</i>, Dan. <i>stald</i>, originally, a standing place; akin
to G. <i>stelle</i> a place, <i>stellen</i> to place, Gr.
<grk>ste`llein</grk> to set, place, send, and E. <i>stand</i>.
&radic;163. See <u>Stand</u>, and cf. <u>Apostle</u>, <u>Epistle</u>,
<u>Forestall</u>, <u>Install</u>, <u>Stale</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, 1st <u>Stalk</u>, <u>Stallion</u>,
<u>Still</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stand; a station; a fixed
spot; hence, the stand or place where a horse or an ox is kept and
fed; the division of a stable, or the compartment, for one horse, ox,
or other animal.</def> "In an oxes <i>stall</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stable; a place for cattle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At last he found a <i>stall</i> where oxen
stood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small apartment or shed in which
merchandise is exposed for sale; as, a butcher's <i>stall</i>; a
book<i>stall</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A bench or table on which small articles of
merchandise are exposed for sale.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How peddlers' <i>stalls</i> with glittering toys are
laid.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A seat in the choir of a church, for one of
the officiating clergy.  It is inclosed, either wholly or partially,
at the back and sides.  The stalls are frequently very rich, with
canopies and elaborate carving.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dignified clergy, out of humility, have called
their thrones by the names of <i>stalls</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Loud the monks sang in their
<i>stalls</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In the theater, a seat with arms or
otherwise partly inclosed, as distinguished from the benches, sofas,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The space left by
excavation between pillars. See <i>Post and stall</i>, under
<u>Post</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stall reader</b></col>, <cd>one who reads books at a stall
where they are exposed for sale.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Cries the <i>stall reader</i>, "Bless us! what a word
on<BR>
A titlepage is this!"</blockquote>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stall</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stalled</u> (st&add;ld); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stalling</u>.] [Cf. Sw. <i>stalla</i>, Dan.
<i>stalde</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put into a stall or stable;
to keep in a stall or stalls; as, to <i>stall</i> an ox.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where King Latinus then his oxen
<i>stalled</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fatten; as, to stall cattle.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To place in an office with the customary
formalities; to install.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To plunge into mire or snow so as not to be
able to get on; to set; to fix; as, to <i>stall</i> a cart.</def>
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His horses had been <i>stalled</i> in the
snow.</blockquote> <i>E. E. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To forestall; to anticipitate.</def> [Obs.]
</p>

<p><blockquote>This not to be <i>stall'd</i> by my
report.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To keep close; to keep secret.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stall</i> this in your bosom.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stall</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>steallian</i> to
have room. See <u>Stall</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To live in, or as in, a stall; to dwell.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We could not <i>stall</i> together<BR>
In the whole world.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To kennel, as dogs.</def>
 <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be set, as in mire or snow; to stick
fast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be tired of eating, as cattle.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stall"age</hw> (st&add;l"&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>estallage</i>, of German origin. See <u>Stall</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The
right of erecting a stalls in fairs; rent paid for a stall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dung of cattle or horses, mixed with
straw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stal*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Installation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stalled</hw> (st&add;ld <i>or</i> st&add;l"&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Put or kept in a stall; hence, fatted.</def>
"A <i>stalled</i> ox."  <i>Prov. xv. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stall"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A standard
bearer.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stall"-feed</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stall-fed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stall-feeding</u>.] <def>To feed and fatten in a stall
or on dry fodder; as, to <i>stall-feed</i> an ox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stall"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stabling.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stal"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stalon</i>,
OF. <i>estalon</i>, F. <i>&eacute;talon</i>, fr. OHG. <i>stal</i> a
stable. See <u>Stall</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A male horse not
castrated; a male horse kept for breeding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stall"man</hw> (st&add;l"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Stallmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). <def>One who
keeps a stall for the sale of merchandise, especially books.</def>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stal"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slip from a
plant; a scion; a cutting.</def> [R.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stal"wart</hw> (?), <hw>Stal"worth</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stalworth</i>, AS.
<i>st&aelig;lwyr&eth;</i> serviceable, probably originally, good at
stealing, or worth stealing or taking, and afterwards extended to
other causes of estimation. See <u>Steal</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<u>Worth</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Brave; bold; strong;
redoubted; daring; vehement; violent.</def> "A <i>stalwart</i> tiller
of the soil."  <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair man be was and wise, <i>stalworth</i> and
bold.</blockquote>
 <i>R. of Brunne.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Stalworth</i> is now disused, or bur little used,
<i>stalwart</i> having taken its place.</p>

<p><hw>Stal"wart*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
stalwart manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stal"wart*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being stalwart.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stal"worth*hood</hw> (?), <hw>Stal"worth*ness</hw> (&?;)},
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being stalworth;
stalwartness; boldness; daring.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sta"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Stamens</b></plw> (#) (used only in the second sense); L.
<plw><b>Stamina</b></plw> (#) (in the first sense). [L. <i>stamen</i>
the warp, a thread, fiber, akin to Gr. &?; the warp, fr. &?; to stand,
akin to E. <i>stand</i>.  See <u>Stand</u>, and cf. <u>Stamin</u>,
<u>Stamina</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thread; especially, a warp
thread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> (pl. <u>Stamens</u>, rarely <u>Stamina</u>.)
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The male organ of flowers for secreting and
furnishing the pollen or fecundating dust. It consists of the
<i>anther</i> and <i>filament</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"mened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estamine</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tamine</i>, LL. <i>staminea</i>, <i>stamineum</i>, fr. L.
<i>stamineus</i> consisting of threads, fr. <i>stamen</i> a thread.
See <u>Stamen</u>, and cf. <u>Stamineous</u>, 2d <u>Stammel</u>,
<u>Tamine</u>.] <def>A kind of woolen cloth.</def> [Written also
<i>stamine</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stam"i*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stamen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"i*na</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The fixed, firm part of a body, which supports it or gives it
strength and solidity; as, the bones are the <i>stamina</i> of animal
bodies; the ligneous parts of trees are the <i>stamina</i> which
constitute their strength.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Whatever constitutes the principal strength
or support of anything; power of endurance; backbone; vigor; as, the
<i>stamina</i> of a constitution or of life; the <i>stamina</i> of a
State.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He succeeded to great captains who had sapped the whole
<i>stamina</i> and resistance of the contest.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stam"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>staminal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to stamens or stamina;
consisting in stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>staminatus</i> consisting of threads, fr. <i>stamen</i> thread: cf.
F. <i>stamin&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Furnished with stamens; producing stamens.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having stamens, but lacking
pistils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To indue
with stamina.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sta*min"e*al</hw> (?), <hw>Sta*min"e*ous</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stamineus</i>, from <i>stamen</i> thread.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of stamens or threads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
stamens; possessing stamens; also, attached to the stamens; as, a
<i>stamineous</i> nectary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam`i*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stamen</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing or having stamens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"i*node</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
staminodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stam`i*no"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Staminodia</b></plw> (#). [NL. <i>See</i> <u>Stamen</u>, and -
<u>oid</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An abortive stamen, or any organ
modified from an abortive stamen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large, clumsy
horse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estamel</i>; cf.
OF. <i>estamet</i> a coarse woolen cloth, LL. <i>stameta</i> a kind of
cloth, the same as <i>staminea</i>, and OF. <i>estame</i> a woolen
stuff. See <u>Stamin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of woolen
cloth formerly in use. It seems to have been often of a red
color.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A red dye, used in England in the 15th and
16th centuries.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mel</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the color of
stammel; having a red color, thought inferior to scarlet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stammered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stammering</u>.] [OE. <i>stameren</i>, fr. AS. <i>stamur</i>,
<i>stamer</i>, stammering; akin to D. &amp; LG. <i>stameren</i> to
stammer, G. <i>stammeln</i>, OHG. <i>stammal&?;n</i>,
<i>stamm&?;n</i>, Dan. <i>stamme</i>, Sw. <i>stamma</i>, Icel.
<i>stama</i>, <i>stamma</i>, OHG. &amp; Dan. <i>stam</i> stammering, Icel.
<i>stamr</i>, <i>Goth</i>. <i>stamms</i>, and to G. <i>stemmen</i> to
bear against, <i>stumm</i> dumb, D. <i>stom</i>.  Cf. <u>Stem</u> to
resist, <u>Stumble</u>.] <def>To make involuntary stops in uttering
syllables or words; to hesitate or falter in speaking; to speak with
stops and diffivulty; to stutter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would thou couldst <i>stammer</i>, that thou mightest
pour this conclead man out of thy mouth, as wine comes out of a
narrow-mouthed bottle, either too much at once, or none at
all.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter or
pronounce with hesitation or imperfectly; -- sometimes with
<i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Defective utterance,
or involuntary interruption of utterance; a stutter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stammers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to stammer;
hesitating in speech; stuttering.</def> -- <wf>Stam"mer*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stam"mer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>A disturbance in the formation of sounds. It is due essentially
to long-continued spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm, by which
expiration is preented, and hence it may be considered as a spasmodic
inspiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stamp</hw> (?) <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stamped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stamping</u>.] [OE. <i>stampen</i>; akin to LG. &amp; D.
<i>stampen</i>, G. <i>stampfen</i>, OHG. <i>stanpf&?;n</i>, Dan.
<i>stampe</i>, Sw. <i>stampa</i>, Icel. <i>stappa</i>, G.
<i>stampf</i> a pestle and E. <i>step</i>. See <u>Step</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Stampede</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strike beat, or press forcibly with the bottom of the foot, or by
thrusting the foot downward.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He frets, he fumes, he stares, he <i>stamps</i> the
ground.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring down (the foot) forcibly on the
ground or floor; as, he <i>stamped</i> his foot with rage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To crush; to pulverize; specifically
<i>(Metal.)</i>, to crush by the blow of a heavy stamp, as ore in a
mill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I took your sin, the calf which ye had made, and burnt
it with fire, and <i>stamped</i> it, and ground it very
small.</blockquote> <i>Deut. ix. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To impress with some mark or figure; as, to
<i>stamp</i> a plate with arms or initials.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To impress; to imprint; to fix
deeply; as, to <i>stamp</i> virtuous principles on the
heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . has <i>stamped</i> no original characters on
our minds wherein we may read his being.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cut out, bend, or indent, as paper,
sheet metal, etc., into various forms, by a blow or suddenly applied
pressure with a stamp or die, etc.; to mint; to coin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To put a stamp on, as for postage; as, to
<i>stamp</i> a letter; to <i>stamp</i> a legal document.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To stamp out</b></col>, <cd>to put an end to by sudden and
energetic action; to extinguish; as, <i>to stamp out</i> a
rebellion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stamp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
strike; to beat; to crush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These cooks how they <i>stamp</i> and strain and
grind.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike the foot forcibly
downward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But starts, exclaims, and <i>stamps</i>, and raves, and
dies.</blockquote> <i>dennis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stamp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of stamping, as with the foot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The which stamps; any instrument for making
impressions on other bodies, as a die.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is gold so pure<BR>
It can not bear the <i>stamp</i> without alloy.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The mark made by stamping; a mark
imprinted; an impression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That sacred name gives ornament and grace,<BR>
And, like his <i>stamp</i>, makes basest metals pass.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>that which is marked; a thing
stamped.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>hanging a golden <i>stamp</i> about their
necks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [F. <i>estampe</i>, of german origin. See
<u>Stamp</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A picture cut in wood or
metal, or made by impression; a cut; a plate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At Venice they put out very curious <i>stamps</i> of
the several edifices which are most famous for their beauty and
magnificence.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An offical mark set upon things chargeable
with a duty or tax to government, as evidence that the duty or tax is
paid; as, the <i>stamp</i> on a bill of exchange.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a stamped or printed device, issued
by the government at a fixed price, and required by law to be affixed
to, or stamped on, certain papers, as evidence that the government
dues are paid; as, a postage <i>stamp</i>; a receipt <i>stamp</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for cutting out, or shaping,
materials, as paper, leather, etc., by a downward pressure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A character or reputation, good or bad,
fixed on anything as if by an imprinted mark; current value;
authority; as, these persons have the <i>stamp</i> of dishonesty; the
Scriptures bear the <i>stamp</i> of a divine origin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of the same <i>stamp</i> is that which is obtruded on
us, that an adamant suspends the attraction of the
loadstone.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Make; cast; form; character; as, a man of
the same <i>stamp</i>, or of a different <i>stamp</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A soldier of this season's <i>stamp</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A kind of heavy hammer, or pestle, raised
by water or steam power, for beating ores to powder; anything like a
pestle, used for pounding or bathing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A half-penny.</def> [Obs.]  <i>au. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Money, esp. paper money.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Stamp act</b></col>, <cd>an act of the British Parliament
[1765] imposing a duty on all paper, vellum, and parchment used in the
American colonies, and declaring all writings on unstamped materials
to be null an void.</cd> -- <col><b>Stamp collector</b></col>, <cd>an
officer who receives or collects stamp duties; one who collects
postage or other stamps.</cd> -- <col><b>Stamp duty</b></col>, <cd>a
duty, or tax, imposed on paper and parchment used for certain
writings, as deeds, conveyances, etc., the evidence of the payment of
the duty or tax being a stamp.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Stamp
hammer</b></col>, <cd>a hammer, worked by power, which rises and falls
vertically, like a stamp in a stamp mill.</cd> -- <col><b>Stamp
head</b></col>, <cd>a heavy mass of metal, forming the head or lower
end of a bar, which is lifted and let fall, in a stamp mill.</cd> --
<col><b>Stamp mill</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a mill in which ore
is crushed with stamps; also, a machine for stamping ore.</cd> --
<col><b>Stamp note</b></col>, <cd>a stamped certificate from a
customhouse officer, which allows goods to be received by the captain
of a ship as freight.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Stamp office</b></col>,
<cd>an office for the issue of stamps and the reception of stamp
duties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stam*pede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>estampida</i>
(in America) a stampede, <i>estampido</i> a crackling, akin to
<i>estampar</i> to stamp, of German origin. See <u>Stamp</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A wild, headlong scamper, or running
away, of a number of animals; usually caused by fright; hence, any
sudden flight or dispersion, as of a crowd or an army in consequence
of a panic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She and her husband would join in the general
<i>stampede</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1402 !></p>

<p><hw>Stam*pede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To run away
in a panic; -- said droves of cattle, horses, etc., also of
armies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam*pede"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To disperse by
causing sudden fright, as a herd or drove of animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stamp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stamps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for pounding or
stamping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stamp"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Stamp</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Stamping ground</b></col>, <cd>a place frequented, and much
trodden, by animals, wild or domesticated</cd>; hence (Colloq.),
<cd>the scene of one's labors or exploits; also, one's favorite
resort.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Stamping machine</b></col>, <cd>a
machine for forming metallic articles or impressions by stamping.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stamping mill</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a stamp
mill.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estance</i>. See
<u>Stanza</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stanza.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A station; a position; a site.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stanch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stanched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stanching</u>.] [OF. <i>estanchier</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tancher</i>
to stpo a liquid from flowing; akin to Pr., Sp., &amp; Pg.
<i>estancar</i>, It. <i>stancare</i> to weary, LL. <i>stancare</i>,
<i>stagnare</i>, to stanch, fr. L. <i>stagnare</i> to be or make
stagnant. See <u>Stagnate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stop the
flowing of, as blood; to check; also, to stop the flowing of blood
from; as, to <i>stanch</i> a wound.</def> [Written also
<i>staunch</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Iron or a stone laid to the neck doth <i>stanch</i> the
bleeding of the nose.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To extinguish; to quench, as fire or
thirst.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stanch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cease, as the
flowing of blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Immediately her issue of blood
<i>stanched</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke viii. 44.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stanch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which stanches or checks.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flood gate by which water is accumulated,
for floating a boat over a shallow part of a stream by its
release.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stanch</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Stancher</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stanchest</u>.]
[From <u>Stanch</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and hence literally
signifying, stopped or stayed; cf. Sp. <i>estanco</i> stopped, tight,
not leaky, as a ship. See <u>Stanch</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
[Written also <i>staunch</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Strong and
tight; sound; firm; as, a <i>stanch</i> ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of the closets is parqueted with plain deal, set in
diamond, exceeding <i>stanch</i> and pretty.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Firm in principle; constant and zealous;
loyal; hearty; steady; steadfast; as, a <i>stanch</i> churchman; a
<i>stanch</i> friend or adherent.</def>  <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In politics I hear you 're <i>stanch</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Close; secret; private.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This to be kept <i>stanch</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stanch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prop; to make
stanch, or strong.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His gathered sticks to <i>stanch</i> the wall<BR>
Of the snow tower when snow should fall.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stan"chel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stanchion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stanch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stanches, or stops, the flowing, as of blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"chion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estanson</i>,
<i>estan&ccedil;on</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tan&ccedil;on</i>, from OF.
<i>estance</i> a stay, a prop, from L. <i>stans</i>, <i>stantis</i>,
standing, p. pr. of <i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Stand</u>, and cf.
<u>Stanza</u>.] [Written also <i>stanchel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A prop or support; a piece of timber in the form
of a stake or post, used for a support or stay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Any upright post or beam
used as a support, as for the deck, the quarter rails, awnings,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vertical bar for confining cattle in a
stall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stanch"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Incapable of being stanched, or stopped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unquenchable; insatiable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stanch"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stanch
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stanch"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being stanch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stood</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Standing</u>.] [OE. <i>standen</i>; AS. <i>standan</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>stonda</i>, <i>st&amacr;n</i>, D. <i>staan</i>, OS.
<i>standan</i>, <i>st&amacr;n</i>, G. <i>stehen</i>, Icel.
<i>standa</i>, Dan. <i>staae</i>, Sw. <i>st&aring;</i>, Goth.
<i>standan</i>, Russ. <i>stoiate</i>, L. <i>stare</i>, Gr. &?; to
cause to stand, &?; to stand, Skr. <i>sth&amacr;</i>. &radic;163.  Cf.
<u>Assist</u>, <u>Constant</u>, <u>Contrast</u>, <u>Desist</u>,
<u>Destine</u>, <u>Ecstasy</u>, <u>Exist</u>, <u>Interstice</u>,
<u>Obstacle</u>, <u>Obstinate</u>, <u>Prest</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Rest</u> remainder, <u>Soltice</u>, <u>Stable</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>State</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Statute</u>, <u>Stead</u>, <u>Steed</u>,
<u>Stool</u>, <u>Stud</u> of horses, <u>Substance</u>, <u>System</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be at rest in an erect position; to be
fixed in an upright or firm position</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>To be supported on the feet, in an erect or nearly erect
position; -- opposed to <i>lie</i>, <i>sit</i>, <i>kneel</i>,
etc.</def>  "I pray you all, <i>stand</i> up!" <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To continue upright in a certain locality, as
a tree fixed by the roots, or a building resting on its
foundation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>stands</i> as it were to the ground
yglued.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ruined wall<BR>
<i>Stands</i> when its wind worn battlements are gone.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To occupy or hold a place; to have a
situation; to be situated or located; as, Paris <i>stands</i> on the
Seine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wite ye not where there <i>stands</i> a little
town?</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cease from progress; not to proceed; to
stop; to pause; to halt; to remain stationary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I charge thee, <i>stand</i>,<BR>
And tell thy name.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The star, which they saw in the east, went before them,
till it came and <i>stood</i> over where the young child
was.</blockquote> <i>Matt. ii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To remain without ruin or injury; to hold
good against tendencies to impair or injure; to be permanent; to
endure; to last; hence, to find endurance, strength, or
resources.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My mind on its own center <i>stands</i>
unmoved.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To maintain one's ground; to be acquitted;
not to fail or yield; to be safe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Readers by whose judgment I would <i>stand</i> or
fall.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To maintain an invincible or permanent
attitude; to be fixed, steady, or firm; to take a position in
resistance or opposition.</def> "The <i>standing</i> pattern of their
imitation."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king granted the Jews . . . to gather themselves
together, and to <i>stand</i> for their life.</blockquote> <i>Esther
viii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To adhere to fixed principles; to maintain
moral rectitude; to keep from falling into error or vice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We must labor so as to <i>stand</i> with godliness,
according to his appointment.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To have or maintain a position, order, or
rank; to be in a particular relation; as, Christian charity, or love,
<i>stands</i> first in the rank of gifts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To be in some particular state; to have
essence or being; to be; to consist.</def> "Sacrifices . . . which
<i>stood</i> only in meats and drinks."  <i>Heb. ix. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Accomplish what your signs foreshow;<BR>
I <i>stand</i> resigned, and am prepared to go.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou seest how it <i>stands</i> with me, and that I may
not tarry.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To be consistent; to agree; to
accord.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Doubt me not; by heaven, I will do nothing<BR>
But what may <i>stand</i> with honor.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To hold a course at sea;
as, to <i>stand</i> from the shore; to <i>stand</i> for the
harbor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From the same parts of heaven his navy
<i>stands</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To offer one's self, or to be offered, as
a candidate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>stood</i> to be elected one of the proctors of
the university.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To stagnate; not to flow; to be
motionless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or the black water of Pomptina
<i>stands</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>To measure when erect on the
feet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Six feet two, as I think, he
<i>stands</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To be or
remain as it is; to continue in force; to have efficacy or validity;
to abide.</def> <i>Bouvier.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To appear in
court.</def> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stand by</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a preparatory order,
equivalent to <i>Be ready</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand
against</b></col>, <cd>to opposite; to resist.</cd> -- <col><b>To
stand by</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be near; to be a
spectator; to be present</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be aside; to
be aside with disregard</cd>. "In the interim [we] let the commands
<i>stand by</i> neglected." <i>Dr. H. More.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To maintain; to defend; to support; not to desert; as, <i>to stand
by</i> one's principles or party.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To rest
on for support; to be supported by</cd>. <i>Whitgift.</i> --
<col><b>To stand corrected</b></col>, <cd>to be set right, as after an
error in a statement of fact.</cd> <i>Wycherley.</i> -- <col><b>To
stand fast</b></col>, <cd>to be fixed; to be unshaken or
immovable.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand firmly on</b></col>, <cd>to be
satisfied or convinced of.</cd> "Though Page be a secure fool, and
<i>stands</i> so <i>firmly on</i> his wife's frailty." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>To stand for</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To side with;
to espouse the cause of; to support; to maintain, or to profess or
attempt to maintain; to defend.</cd>  "I <i>stand</i> wholly
<i>for</i> you." <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be in the
place of; to be the substitute or to represent; as, a cipher at the
left hand of a figure <i>stands for</i> nothing.</cd> "I will not
trouble myself, whether these names <i>stand for</i> the same thing,
or really include one another." <i>Locke.</i> -- <col><b>To stand
in</b></col>, <cd>to cost.</cd> "The same <i>standeth</i> them
<i>in</i> much less cost." <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Punic wars could not have <i>stood</i> the human
race <i>in</i> less than three millions of the species.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To stand in hand</b></col>, <cd>to conduce to one's
interest; to be serviceable or advantageous.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand
off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To keep at a distance</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Not to comply</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To
keep at a distance in friendship, social intercourse, or
acquaintance</cd>. <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To appear prominent; to
have relief</cd>. "Picture is best when it <i>standeth off</i>, as if
it were carved." <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i> -- <col><b>To stand off and
on</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to remain near a coast by sailing
toward land and then from it.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand on</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to continue on the same tack or course.</cd> --
<col><b>To stand out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To project; to
be prominent</cd>. "Their eyes <i>stand out</i> with fatness."
<i>Psalm lxxiii. 7.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To persist in
opposition or resistance; not to yield or comply; not to give way or
recede.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>His spirit is come in,<BR>
That so <i>stood out</i> against the holy church.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To stand to</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To ply;
to urge; to persevere in using</cd>. "<i>Stand to</i> your tackles,
mates, and stretch your oars." <i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To remain fixed in a purpose or opinion.</cd> "I will <i>stand
to</i> it, that this is his sense." <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To abide by; to adhere to; as to a contrast,
assertion, promise, etc.; as, <i>to stand to</i> an award; <i>to stand
to</i> one's word.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>Not to yield; not to
fly; to maintain, as one's ground</cd>. "Their lives and fortunes were
put in safety, whether they <i>stood to</i> it or ran away."
<i>Bacon.</i> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To be consistent with; to agree
with; as, it <i>stands to</i> reason that he could not have done
so.</cd> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To support; to uphold</cd>. "<i>Stand
to</i> me in this cause." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To stand
together</b></col>, <cd>to be consistent; to agree.</cd> -- <col><b>To
stand to sea</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to direct the course from
land.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand under</b></col>, <cd>to undergo; to
withstand.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To stand up</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To rise from sitting; to be on the feet</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To arise in order to speak or act</cd>.
"Against whom, when the accusers <i>stood up</i>, they brought none
accusation of such things as I supposed." <i>Acts xxv. 18.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To rise and stand on end, as the hair.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To put one's self in opposition; to
contend</cd>. "Once we <i>stood up</i> about the corn." <i>Shak.</i> -
- <col><b>To stand up for</b></col>, <cd>to defend; to justify; to
support, or attempt to support; as, <i>to stand up for</i> the
administration.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand upon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To concern; to interest</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To value; to esteem</cd>. "We highly esteem
and <i>stand</i> much <i>upon</i> our birth." <i>Ray.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To insist on; to attach much importance to;
as, <i>to stand upon</i> security; <i>to stand upon</i> ceremony.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To attack; to assault.</cd> [A Hebraism] "So I
<i>stood upon</i> him, and slew him." <i>2 Sam. i. 10.</i> --
<col><b>To stand with</b></col>, <cd>to be consistent with.</cd> "It
<i>stands with</i> reason that they should be rewarded liberally."
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Stand</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To endure; to sustain; to bear; as, I can not <i>stand</i> the
cold or the heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To resist, without yielding or receding; to
withstand.</def> "Love <i>stood</i> the siege."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>stood</i> the furious foe.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To abide by; to submit to; to
suffer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid him disband his legions, . . . <BR>
And <i>stand</i> the judgment of a Roman senate.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To set upright; to cause to stand; as, to
<i>stand</i> a book on the shelf; to <i>stand</i> a man on his
feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be at the expense of; to pay for; as, to
<i>stand</i> a treat.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stand fire</b></col>, <cd>to receive the fire of arms
from an enemy without giving way.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand one's
ground</b></col>, <cd>to keep the ground or station one has taken; to
maintain one's position.</cd> "Peasants and burghers, however brave,
are unable <i>to stand their ground</i> against veteran soldiers."
<i>Macaulay.</i> -- <col><b>To stand trial</b></col>, <cd>to sustain
the trial or examination of a cause; not to give up without
trial.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [As. <i>stand</i>. See
<u>Stand</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of standing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I took my <i>stand</i> upon an eminence . . . to look
into thier several ladings.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A halt or stop for the purpose of defense,
resistance, or opposition; as, to come to, or to make, a
<i>stand</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vice is at <i>stand</i>, and at the highest
flow.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place or post where one stands; a place
where one may stand while observing or waiting for
something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have found you out a <i>stand</i> most fit,<BR>
Where you may have such vantage on the duke,<BR>
He shall not pass you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A station in a city or town where carriages
or wagons stand for hire; as, a cab <i>stand</i>.</def>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A raised platform or station where a race
or other outdoor spectacle may be viewed; as, the judge's or the grand
<i>stand</i> at a race course.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A small table; also, something on or in
which anything may be laid, hung, or placed upright; as, a hat
<i>stand</i>; an umbrella <i>stand</i>; a music
<i>stand</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A place where a witness stands to testify
in court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The situation of a shop, store, hotel,
etc.; as, a good, bad, or convenient <i>stand</i> for business.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Rank; post; station; standing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Father, since your fortune did attain<BR>
So high a <i>stand</i>, I mean not to descend.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A state of perplexity or embarrassment;
as, to be at a <i>stand</i> what to do.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A young tree, usually reserved when other
trees are cut; also, a tree growing or standing upon its own root, in
distinction from one produced from a scion set in a stock, either of
the same or another kind of tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A weight of from two hundred
and fifty to three hundred pounds, -- used in weighing
pitch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Microscope stand</b></col>, <cd>the instrument, excepting
the eyepiece, objective, and other removable optical parts.</cd> --
<col><b>Stand of ammunition</b></col>, <cd>the projectile, cartridge,
and sabot connected together.</cd> -- <col><b>Stand of arms</b></col>.
<i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Arms</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stand of
colors</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a single color, or flag.</cd>
<i>Wilhelm (Mil. Dict.)</i> -- <col><b>To be at a stand</b></col>,
<cd>to be stationary or motionless; to be at a standstill; hence, to
be perplexed; to be embarrassed.</cd> -- <col><b>To make a
stand</b></col>, <cd>to halt for the purpose of offering resistance to
a pursuing enemy.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stop; halt; rest; interruption; obstruction;
perplexity; difficulty; embarrassment; hesitation.</p>

<p><hw>Stand"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
reservior in which water accumulates at the bottom of a
mine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estendart</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;tendard</i>, probably fr. L. <i>extendere</i> to spread
out, extend, but influenced by E. <i>stand</i>. See <u>Extend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flag; colors; a banner; especially, a
national or other ensign.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His armies, in the following day,<BR>
On those fair plains their <i>standards</i> proud
display.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is established by authority as a
rule for the measure of quantity, extent, value, or quality; esp., the
original specimen weight or measure sanctioned by government, as the
standard pound, gallon, or yard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is established as a rule or
model by authority, custom, or general consent; criterion;
test.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The court, which used to be the <i>standard</i> of
property and correctness of speech.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A disposition to preserve, and an ability to improve,
taken together, would be my <i>standard</i> of a
statesman.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Coinage)</i> <def>The proportion of weights
of fine metal and alloy established by authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By the present <i>standard</i> of the coinage, sixty-
two shillings is coined out of one pound weight of
silver.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A tree of natural size
supported by its own stem, and not dwarfed by grafting on the stock of
a smaller species nor trained upon a wall or trellis.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In France part of their gardens is laid out for
flowers, others for fruits; some <i>standards</i>, some against
walls.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The upper petal or banner of
a papilionaceous corolla.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mech. &amp; Carp.)</i> <def>An upright support,
as one of the poles of a scaffold; any upright in framing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>An inverted knee
timber placed upon the deck instead of beneath it, with its vertical
branch turned upward from that which lies horizontally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The sheth of a plow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A large drinking cup.</def>
<i>Greene.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Standard bearer</b></col>, <cd>an officer of an army,
company, or troop, who bears a standard; -- commonly called <i>color
sergeant</i>or <i>color bearer</i>; hence, the leader of any
organization; as, the <i>standard bearer</i> of a political
party.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stand"ard</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being, affording, or according with, a standard for comparison
and judgment; as, <i>standard</i> time; <i>standard</i> weights and
measures; a <i>standard</i> authority as to nautical terms;
<i>standard</i> gold or silver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Having a recognized and permanent
value; as, <i>standard</i> works in history; <i>standard</i>
authors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not
supported by, or fastened to, a wall; as, <i>standard</i> fruit
trees.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not of the dwarf kind; as, a
<i>standard</i> pear tree.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Standard candle</b></col>, <col><b>Standard
gauge</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Candle</u>, and <u>Gauge</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Standard solution</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Standardized solution</i>, under <u>Solution</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stand"ard-bred`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bred in
conformity to a standard. Specif., applied to a registered trotting
horse which comes up to the standard adopted by the National
Association of Trotting-horse Breeders.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stand"ard*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To reduce to a normal standard; to calculate or adjust the
strength of, by means of, and for uses in, analysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand"ard-wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A curious paradise bird (<i>Semioptera
Wallacii</i>) which has two long special feathers standing erect on
each wing.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1403 !></p>

<p><hw>Stand"-by`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stands by one in need; something upon which one relies for
constant use or in an emergency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young tree,
especially one reserved when others are cut.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stand"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Standel</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stand"er-by`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who stands
near; one who is present; a bystander.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand"er*grass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant (<i>Orchis mascula</i>); -- called also
<i>standerwort</i>, and <i>long purple</i>. See <i>Long purple</i>,
under <u>Long</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand"gale`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stannel</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stand"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Remaining erect; not cut down; as, <i>standing</i>
corn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not flowing; stagnant; as, <i>standing</i>
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not transitory; not liable to fade or
vanish; lasting; as, a <i>standing</i> color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Established by law, custom, or the like;
settled; continually existing; permanent; not temporary; as, a
<i>standing</i> army; legislative bodies have <i>standing</i> rules of
proceeding and <i>standing</i> committees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not movable; fixed; as, a <i>standing</i>
bed (distinguished from a <i>trundle</i>-bed).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Standing army</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Standing army</i>,
under <u>Army</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing bolt</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Stud bolt</i>, under <u>Stud</u>, a stem.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing
committee</b></col>, <cd>in legislative bodies, etc., a committee
appointed for the consideration of all subjects of a particular class
which shall arise during the session or a stated period.</cd> --
<col><b>Standing cup</b></col>, <cd>a tall goblet, with a foot and a
cover.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing finish</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>that part of the interior fittings, esp. of a dwelling house,
which is permanent and fixed in its place, as distinguished from
doors, sashes, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing order</b></col>
<i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the denomination (Congregiational) established by
law; -- a term formerly used in Connecticut. See also under
<u>Order</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing part</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>That part of a tackle which is made fast to a
block, point, or other object</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>That part
of a rope around which turns are taken with the running part in making
a knot of the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing rigging</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the cordage or rope which sustain the masts and
remain fixed in their position, as the shrouds and stays, --
distinguished from <i>running rigging</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stand"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of stopping, or coming to a stand; the state of being
erect upon the feet; stand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Maintenance of position; duration; duration
or existence in the same place or condition; continuance; as, a custom
of long <i>standing</i>; an officer of long <i>standing</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An ancient thing of long <i>standing</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Place to stand in; station;
stand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will provide you a good <i>standing</i> to see his
entry.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I think in deep mire, where there is no
<i>standing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxix. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Condition in society; relative position;
reputation; rank; as, a man of good <i>standing</i>, or of high
<i>standing</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Standing off</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>sailing from the
land.</cd> -- <col><b>Standing on</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>sailing toward land.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stand"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stand</i> +
<i>dish</i>.] <def>A stand, or case, for pen and ink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I bequeath to Dean Swift, Esq., my large silver
<i>standish</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stand"pipe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Engin.)</i> <def>A vertical pipe, open at the top, between a
hydrant and a reservoir, to equalize the flow of water; also, a large
vertical pipe, near a pumping engine, into which water is forced up,
so as to give it sufficient head to rise to the required level at a
distance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Boiler)</i> <def>A supply pipe of
sufficient elevation to enable the water to flow into the boiler,
notwithstanding the pressure of the steam.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stand"point`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>standpunkt</i>.] <def>A fixed point or station; a basis or
fundamental principle; a position from which objects or principles are
viewed, and according to which they are compared and judged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand"still`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A standing
without moving forward or backward; a stop; a state or rest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone.</def> [Scot.
& Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stang</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sting</u>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Stang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stange</i>, of Scand.
or Dutch origin; cf. Icel. <i>st&ouml;ng</i>, akin to Dan.
<i>stang</i>, Sw. <i>st&aring;ng</i>, D. <i>stang</i>, G.
<i>stange</i>, OHG. <i>stanga</i>, AS. <i>steng</i>; from the root of
E. <i>sting</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long bar; a pole; a shaft;
a stake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In land measure, a pole, rod, or
perch.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stang ball</b></col>, <cd>a projectile consisting of two
half balls united by a bar; a bar shot. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Bar
shot</i>, under <u>Bar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To ride the
stang</b></col>, <cd>to be carried on a pole on men's shoulders. This
method of punishing wife beaters, etc., was once in vogue in some
parts of England.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stang</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Akin to <i>sting</i>; cf.
Icel. <i>stanga</i> to prick, to goad.] <def>To shoot with pain.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stan"hope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light two-
wheeled, or sometimes four-wheeled, carriage, without a top; -- so
called from Lord <i>Stanhope</i>, for whom it was contrived.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"iel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Stannel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"iel*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hawking with
staniels, -- a base kind of falconry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stank</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estanc</i>, or It.
<i>stanco</i>. See <u>Stanch</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Weak;
worn out.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw.
<i>st&aring;nka</i> to pant. &radic;165.] <def>To sigh.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stank</hw>, <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Stink</u>.
<def>Stunk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estang</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tang</i>, from L. <i>stagnum</i> a pool.  Cf.
<u>Stagnate</u>, <u>Tank</u> a cistern.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Water
retained by an embankment; a pool water.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Robert of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dam or mound to stop water.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Stank hen</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the moor hen;
-- called also <i>stankie</i>.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stan"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stannum</i>
tin, an alloy of silver and lead.] <def>Of or pertaining to tin mines,
or tin works.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>stannary</i> courts of Devonshire and Cornwall,
for the administration of justice among the tinners therein, are also
courts of record.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stan"na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stannaries</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>stannaria</i>.] <def>A tin
mine; tin works.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stan"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stannate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of stannic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>st&amacr;ngella</i>, <i>stangilla</i>; properly, stone yeller,
<i>i. e.</i>, a bird that yells from the rocks. See <u>Stone</u>, and
<u>Yell</u>, and cf. <u>Stonegall</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
kestrel; -- called also <i>standgale</i>, <i>standgall</i>,
<i>stanchel</i>, <i>stand hawk</i>, <i>stannel hawk</i>,
<i>steingale</i>, <i>stonegall</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>staniel</i>, <i>stannyel</i>, and <i>stanyel</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With what wing the <i>staniel</i> checks at
it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stan"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stannum</i> tin:
cf. F. <i>stannique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to tin;
derived from or containing tin; specifically, designating those
compounds in which the element has a higher valence as contrasted with
<i>stannous</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stannic acid</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
hypothetical substance, Sn(OH)<sub>4</sub>, analogous to silic acid,
and called also <i>normal stannic acid</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Metastannic acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Stannic chloride</b></col>,
<cd>a thin, colorless, fuming liquid, SnCl<sub>4</sub>, used as a
mordant in calico printing and dyeing; -- formerly called <i>spirit of
tin</i>, or <i>fuming liquor of Libavius</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stannic
oxide</b></col>, <cd>tin oxide, SnO<sub>2</sub>, produced artificially
as a white amorphous powder, and occurring naturally in the mineral
cassiterite. It is used in the manufacture of white enamels, and,
under the name of <i>putty powder</i>, for polishing glass,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stan*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stannum</i> tin + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Containing or affording
tin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stan"nine</hw> (?), <hw>Stan"nite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a steel-gray or
iron-black color; tin pyrites. It is a sulphide of tin, copper, and
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"no-</hw> (?). [L. <i>stannum</i> tin.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting <i>relation
to</i>, or <i>connection with</i>, <i>tin</i>, or including <i>tin as
an ingredient</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan`no*flu"or*ide</hw> (-fl&umacr;"&obreve;r*&ibreve;d
<i>or</i> -&imacr;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one
of a series of double fluorides of tin (<i>stannum</i>) and some other
element.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan*no"so-</hw> (st&abreve;n*n&omacr;"s&osl;-),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also used
adjectively) denoting <i>relation to</i>, or <i>connection with</i>,
certain <i>stannnous compounds</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"no*type</hw> (st&abreve;n"n&osl;*t&imacr;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stanno-</i> + <i>-type</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>A photograph taken upon a tin plate; a tintype.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan"nous</hw> (-n&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or containing, tin; specifically,
designating those compounds in which the element has a lower valence
as contrasted with <i>stannic</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stannous chloride</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white
crystalline substance, SnCl<sub>2</sub>.(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>,
obtained by dissolving tin in hydrochloric acid. It is used as a
mordant in dyeing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Stan"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., alloy of silver
and lead; later, tin.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The technical name of tin.
See <u>Tin</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stann"yel</hw>, <hw>Stan"yel</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Stannel</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stant</hw> (?), <hw>Stont</hw> (?), } obs. <pos><i>3d pers.
sing. pres.</i></pos> of <u>Stand</u>, for <i>standeth</i>.
<def>Stands.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stan"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stanzas</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>stanza</i> a room, habitation,
a stanza, <i>i. e.</i>, a stop, fr. L. <i>stans</i>, p. pr. of
<i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Stand</u>, and cf. <u>Estancia</u>,
<u>Stance</u>, <u>Stanchion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A number of
lines or verses forming a division of a song or poem, and agreeing in
meter, rhyme, number of lines, etc., with other divisions; a part of a
poem, ordinarily containing every variation of measure in that poem; a
combination or arrangement of lines usually recurring; whether like or
unlike, in measure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Horace confines himself strictly to one sort of verse,
or <i>stanza</i>, in every ode.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An apartment or division in
a building; a room or chamber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stan*za"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or consisting of, stanzas; as, a couplet in <i>stanzaic</i>
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*pe"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>stapes</i>
stirrup.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to stapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sta*pe"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named
after John Bod&aelig;us a <i>Stapel</i>, a physician of Amsterdam.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An extensive and curious genus of African plants of
the natural order <i>Asclepiadace&aelig;</i> (Milkweed family). They
are succulent plants without leaves, frequently covered with dark
tubercles giving them a very grotesque appearance. The odor of the
blossoms is like that of carrion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sta"pes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., a stirrup.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The innermost of the ossicles of the ear; the
stirrup, or stirrup bone; -- so called from its form. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staph"y*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
botryodial, from &?; a bunch of grapes.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the uvula or the palate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staph`y*li"nid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a kind
of insect.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any rove beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Staph`y*lo"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; a bunch of grapes.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A protrusion of
any part of the globe of the eye; as, a <i>staphyloma</i> of the
cornea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staph`y*lo"ma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to staphyloma; affected with
staphyloma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staph"y*lo*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
bunch of grapes, also, the uvula when swollen at the lower end + <i>-
plasty</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation for restoring or
replacing the soft palate when it has been lost.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i> -- <wf>Staph`y*lo*plas"tic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Staph`y*lor"a*phy</hw>, <hw>Staph`y*lor"rha*phy</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the uvula when swollen + &?; to sew: cf.
F. <i>staphylorraphie</i>.] <def>The operation of uniting a cleft
palate, consisting in paring and bringing together the edges of the
cleft.</def> -- <wf>Staph`y*lo*raph"ic</wf> (#),
<wf>Staph`y*lor*rhaph"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Staph`y*lot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
uvula when swollen + &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of
removing a staphyloma by cutting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stapul</i>,
<i>stapol</i>, <i>stapel</i>, a step, a prop, post, table, fr.
<i>stapan</i> to step, go, raise; akin to D. <i>stapel</i> a pile,
stocks, emporium, G. <i>stapel</i>a heap, mart, stake, <i>staffel</i>
step of a ladder, Sw. <i>stapel</i>, Dan. <i>stabel</i>, and E.
<i>step</i> cf. OF. <i>estaple</i> a mart, F. <i>&eacute;tape</i>. See
<u>Step</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A settled mart; an emporium; a
city or town to which merchants brought commodities for sale or
exportation in bulk; a place for wholesale traffic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The customs of Alexandria were very great, it having
been the <i>staple</i> of the Indian trade.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For the increase of trade and the encouragement of the
worthy burgesses of Woodstock, her majesty was minded to erect the
town into a <i>staple</i> for wool.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In England, formerly, the king's <i>staple</i> was
established in certain ports or towns, and certain goods could not be
exported without being first brought to these places to be rated and
charged with the duty payable of the king or the public. The principal
commodities on which customs were lived were wool, skins, and leather;
and these were originally the <i>staple</i> commodities.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence: Place of supply; source; fountain
head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whitehall naturally became the chief <i>staple</i> of
news. Whenever there was a rumor that any thing important had happened
or was about to happen, people hastened thither to obtain intelligence
from the fountain head.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The principal commodity of traffic in a
market; a principal commodity or production of a country or district;
as, wheat, maize, and cotton are great <i>staples</i> of the United
States.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We should now say, Cotton is the great <i>staple</i>,
that is, the established merchandize, of Manchester.</blockquote>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The principal constituent in anything;
chief item.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Unmanufactured material; raw
material.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The fiber of wool, cotton, flax, or the
like; as, a coarse <i>staple</i>; a fine <i>staple</i>; a long or
short <i>staple</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A loop of iron, or a bar or wire, bent and
formed with two points to be driven into wood, to hold a hook, pin, or
the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
shaft, smaller and shorter than the principal one, joining different
levels.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small pit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A district granted to an abbey.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ple</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or being market of staple for, commodities; as, a
<i>staple</i> town.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Established in commerce; occupying the
markets; settled; as, a <i>staple</i> trade.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fit to be sold; marketable.</def> [R.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Regularly produced or manufactured in large
quantities; belonging to wholesale traffic; principal;
chief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wool, the great <i>staple</i> commodity of
England.</blockquote> <i>H&?;&?;&?;om.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>stapled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>stapling</u>.] <def>To sort according to its staple; as, to
<i>staple</i> cotton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"pler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A dealer in staple goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One employed to assort wool according to
its staple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star</hw> (st&auml;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sterre</i>,
AS. <i>steorra</i>; akin to OFries. <i>stera</i>, OS. <i>sterro</i>,
D. <i>ster</i>, OHG. <i>sterno</i>, <i>sterro</i>, G. <i>stern</i>,
Icel. <i>stjarna</i>, Sw. <i>stjerna</i>, Dan. <i>stierne</i>, Goth.
<i>sta&iacute;rn&omacr;</i>, Armor. &amp; Corn. <i>steren</i>, L.
<i>stella</i>, Gr. <grk>'asth`r</grk>, <grk>'a`stron</grk>, Skr.
<i>star</i>; perhaps from a root meaning, to scatter, Skr.
<i>st&rsdot;</i>, L. <i>sternere</i> (cf. <u>Stratum</u>), and
originally applied to the stars as being strewn over the sky, or as
being scatterers or spreaders of light. &radic;296.  Cf. <u>Aster</u>,
<u>Asteroid</u>, <u>Constellation</u>, <u>Disaster</u>,
<u>Stellar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the innumerable
luminous bodies seen in the heavens; any heavenly body other than the
sun, moon, comets, and nebul&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eyen twinkled in his head aright,<BR>
As do the <i>stars</i> in the frosty night.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The stars are distinguished as <i>planets</i>, and <i>fixed
stars</i>. See <u>Planet</u>, <i>Fixed stars</i> under <u>Fixed</u>,
and <i>Magnitude of a star</i> under <u>Magnitude</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The polestar; the north star.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>A planet supposed to
influence one's destiny; (usually <i>pl.</i>) a configuration of the
planets, supposed to influence fortune.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O malignant and ill-brooding <i>stars</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Blesses his <i>stars</i>, and thinks it
luxury.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles the figure of a star,
as an ornament worn on the breast to indicate rank or honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On whom . . . <BR>
Lavish Honor showered all her <i>stars</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a radiated mark in writing or
printing; an asterisk [thus, *]; -- used as a reference to a note, or
to fill a blank where something is omitted, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Pyrotechny)</i> <def>A composition of
combustible matter used in the heading of rockets, in mines, etc.,
which, exploding in the air, presents a starlike appearance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A person of brilliant and attractive
qualities, especially on public occasions, as a distinguished orator,
a leading theatrical performer, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Star</i> is used in the formation of compound words
generally of obvious signification: as, <i>star</i>-aspiring,
<i>star</i>-bespangled, <i>star</i>-bestudded, <i>star</i>-blasting,
<i>star</i>-bright, <i>star</i>-crowned, <i>star</i>-directed,
<i>star</i>-eyed, <i>star</i>-headed, <i>star</i>-paved, <i>star</i>-
roofed; <i>star</i>-sprinkled, <i>star</i>-wreathed.</p>

<p><! p. 1404 !></p>

<p><col><b>Blazing star</b></col>, <col><b>Double star</b></col>,
<col><b>Multiple star</b></col>, <col><b>Shooting star</b></col>, etc.
<cd>See under <u>Blazing</u>, <u>Double</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Nebulous star</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a small well-
defined circular nebula, having a bright nucleus at its center like a
star.</cd> -- <col><b>Star anise</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any
plant of the genus Illicium; -- so called from its star-shaped
capsules.</cd> -- <col><b>Star apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
tropical American tree (<i>Chrysophyllum Cainito</i>), having a milky
juice and oblong leaves with a silky-golden pubescence beneath. It
bears an applelike fruit, the carpels of which present a starlike
figure when cut across. The name is extended to the whole genus of
about sixty species, and the natural order (<i>Sapotace&aelig;</i>) to
which it belongs is called the <i>Star-apple family</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Star conner</b></col>, <cd>one who cons, or studies, the
stars; an astronomer or an astrologer.</cd> <i>Gascoigne.</i> --
<col><b>Star coral</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of stony corals belonging to <i>Astr&aelig;a</i>,
<i>Orbicella</i>, and allied genera, in which the calicles are round
or polygonal and contain conspicuous radiating septa.</cd> --
<col><b>Star cucumber</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Cucumber</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Star flower</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A plant of the genus <i>Ornithogalum</i>;
star-of-Bethlehem</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <u>Starwort</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd></cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>An American plant of
the genus <i>Trientalis</i> (<i>Trientalis Americana</i>)</cd>.
<i>Gray.</i> -- <col><b>Star fort</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>a fort
surrounded on the exterior with projecting angles; -- whence the
name.</cd> -- <col><b>Star gauge</b></col> <i>(Ordnance)</i>, <cd>a
long rod, with adjustable points projecting radially at its end, for
measuring the size of different parts of the bore of a gun.</cd> --
<col><b>Star grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
small grasslike plant (<i>Hypoxis erecta</i>) having star-shaped
yellow flowers</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The colicroot. See
<u>Colicroot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Star hyacinth</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a bulbous plant of the genus <i>Scilla</i> (<i>S.
autumnalis</i>); -- called also <i>star-headed hyacinth</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Star jelly</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any one of several
gelatinous plants (<i>Nostoc commune</i>, <i>N. edule</i>, etc.). See
<u>Nostoc</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Star lizard</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Stellion</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Star-
of-Bethlehem</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a bulbous liliaceous plant
(<i>Ornithogalum umbellatum</i>) having a small white starlike
flower.</cd> -- <col><b>Star-of-the-earth</b></col><cd> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
a plant of the genus <i>Plantago</i> (<i>P. coronopus</i>), growing
upon the seashore.</cd> -- <col><b>Star polygon</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a polygon whose sides cut each other so as to form
a star-shaped figure.</cd> -- <col><b>Stars and Stripes</b></col>,
<cd>a popular name for the flag of the United States, which consists
of thirteen horizontal stripes, alternately red and white, and a union
having, in a blue field, white stars to represent the several States,
one for each.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>With the old flag, the true American flag, the Eagle,
and the <i>Stars and Stripes</i>, waving over the chamber in which we
sit.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Star showers</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Shooting star</i>,
under <u>Shooting</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Star thistle</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an annual composite plant (<i>Centaurea
solstitialis</i>) having the involucre armed with radiating
spines.</cd> -- <col><b>Star wheel</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
star-shaped disk, used as a kind of ratchet wheel, in repeating
watches and the feed motions of some machines.</cd> -- <col><b>Star
worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a gephyrean.</cd> --
<col><b>Temporary star</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a star which
appears suddenly, shines for a period, and then nearly or quite
disappears. These stars are supposed by some astronometers to be
variable stars of long and undetermined periods.</cd> --
<col><b>Variable star</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a star whose
brilliancy varies periodically, generally with regularity, but
sometimes irregularly; -- called <i>periodical star</i> when its
changes occur at fixed periods.</cd> -- <col><b>Water star
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an aquatic plant (<i>Schollera
graminea</i>) with small yellow starlike blossoms.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Star</hw> (st&auml;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Starred</u> (st&auml;rd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Starring</u>.] <def>To set or adorn with stars, or
bright, radiating bodies; to bespangle; as, a robe <i>starred</i> with
gems.</def> "A sable curtain <i>starred</i> with gold."
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be bright, or
attract attention, as a star; to shine like a star; to be brilliant or
prominent; to play a part as a theatrical star.</def>
  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"-blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
blind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sterbord</i>, AS. <i>ste&oacute;rbord</i>, i.e., steer board. See
<u>Steer</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Board</u> of a vessel, and
cf. <u>Larboard</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That side of a vessel which
is on the right hand of a person who stands on board facing the bow; -
- opposed to <i>larboard</i>, or <i>port</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"board`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the right-hand side of a ship; being or lying on
the right side; as, the <i>starboard</i> quarter; <i>starboard</i>
tack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"board`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To put to the right, or starboard, side of a vessel; as, to
<i>starboard</i> the helm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"-bow`lines</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The men in the starboard watch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starch</hw> (st&auml;rch), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>stearc</i> stark, strong, rough. See <u>Stark</u>.] <def>Stiff;
precise; rigid.</def> [R.]  <i>Killingbeck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>starch</i> stiff,
cf. G. <i>st&auml;rke</i>, fr. <i>stark</i> strong.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A widely diffused vegetable
substance found especially in seeds, bulbs, and tubers, and extracted
(as from potatoes, corn, rice, etc.) as a white, glistening, granular
or powdery substance, without taste or smell, and giving a very
peculiar creaking sound when rubbed between the fingers. It is used as
a food, in the production of commercial grape sugar, for stiffening
linen in laundries, in making paste, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Starch is a carbohydrate, being the typical amylose,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, and is detected by the fine
blue color given to it by free iodine. It is not fermentable as such,
but is changed by diastase into dextrin and maltose, and by heating
with dilute acids into dextrose.  Cf. <u>Sugar</u>, <u>Inulin</u>, and
<u>Lichenin</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A stiff, formal manner;
formality.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Starch hyacinth</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the grape
hyacinth; -- so called because the flowers have the smell of boiled
starch. See under <u>Grape</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Starch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Starched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Starching</u>.] <def>To stiffen with starch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"-cham`ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called (as
conjectured by Blackstone) from being held in a room at the Exchequer
where the chests containing certain Jewish comtracts and obligations
called <i>starrs</i> (from the Heb. <i>shetar</i>, pron. <i>shtar</i>)
were kept; or from the <i>stars</i> with which the ceiling is supposed
to have been decorated.] <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>An ancient high
court exercising jurisdiction in certain cases, mainly criminal, which
sat without the intervention of a jury. It consisted of the king's
council, or of the privy council only with the addition of certain
judges. It could proceed on mere rumor or examine witnesses; it could
apply torture. It was abolished by the Long Parliament in 1641.</def>
<i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starched</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Stiffened with starch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stiff; precise; formal.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starch"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being starched; stiffness in manners; formality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Starch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
starches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Starch"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a starched or
starch manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Starch"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
starched or starch; stiffness of manner; preciseness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Starch"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The cuckoopint, the tubers of which yield a fine quality of
starch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Starch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
starch; resembling starch; stiff; precise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"craft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Astrology.</def>
[R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"-crossed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not favored
by the stars; ill-fated.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such in my <i>star-crossed</i> destiny.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&aelig;r</i>.
See <u>Starling</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The starling.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stare</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>stared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>staring</u>.] [AS. <i>starian</i>; akin to LG. &amp; D. <i>staren</i>,
OHG. <i>star&emacr;n</i>, G. <i>starren</i>, Icel. <i>stara</i>; cf.
Icel. <i>stira</i>, Dan. <i>stirre</i>, Sw. <i>stirra</i>, and G.
<i>starr</i> stiff, rigid, fixed, Gr. &?; solid (E. <i>stereo-</i>),
Skr. <i>sthira</i> firm, strong. &radic;166.  Cf. <u>Sterile</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To look with fixed eyes wide open, as through
fear, wonder, surprise, impudence, etc.; to fasten an earnest and
prolonged gaze on some object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For ever upon the ground I see thee
<i>stare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Look not big, nor stamp, nor <i>stare</i>, nor
fret.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be very conspicuous on account of size,
prominence, color, or brilliancy; as, <i>staring</i> windows or
colors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stand out; to project; to bristle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Makest my blood cold, and my hair to
<i>stare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Take off all the <i>staring</i> straws and jags in the
hive.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To gaze; to look earnestly. See <u>Gaze</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Stare</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To look earnestly
at; to gaze at.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>stare</i> him out of his wits.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stare in the face</b></col>, <cd>to be before the eyes,
or to be undeniably evident.</cd> "The law . . . <i>stares</i> them
<i>in the face</i> whilst they are breaking it." <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of staring; a
fixed look with eyes wide open.</def> "A dull and stupid
<i>stare</i>."  <i>Churchill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who stares, or
gazes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Starf</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Starve</u>.
<def>Starved.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"finch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European redstart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"fish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of echinoderms
belonging to the class Asterioidea, in which the body is star-shaped
and usually has five rays, though the number of rays varies from five
to forty or more. The rays are often long, but are sometimes so short
as to appear only as angles to the disklike body. Called also <i>sea
star</i>, <i>five-finger</i>, and <i>stellerid</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ophiuroids are also sometimes called starfishes. See
<u>Brittle star</u>, and <u>Ophiuroidea</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dollar fish, or
butterfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"gas`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who gazes at the stars; an astrologer; sometimes, in derision
or contempt, an astronomer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of spiny-rayed marine fishes belonging to <i>Uranoscopus</i>,
<i>Astroscopus</i>, and allied genera, of the family
<i>Uranoscopid&aelig;</i>. The common species of the Eastern United
States are <i>Astroscopus anoplus</i>, and <i>A. guttatus</i>. So
called from the position of the eyes, which look directly
upward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"gas`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or practice of observing the stars with attention;
contemplation of the stars as connected with astrology or
astronomy.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, absent-mindedness;
abstraction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a
staring look.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stark</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Starker</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Starkest</u>.] [OE.
<i>stark</i> stiff, strong, AS. <i>stearc</i>; akin to OS.
<i>starc</i> strong, D. <i>sterk</i>, OHG. <i>starc</i>,
<i>starah</i>, G. &amp; Sw. <i>stark</i>, Dan. <i>st&aelig;rk</i>, Icel.
<i>sterkr</i>, Goth. ga<i>sta&uacute;rknan</i> to become dried up,
Lith. <i>str&euml;gti</i> to stiffen, to freeze.  Cf. <u>Starch</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Stiff; rigid.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose senses all were straight benumbed and
<i>stark</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His heart gan wax as <i>stark</i> as marble
stone.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many a nobleman lies <i>stark</i> and stiff<BR>
Under the hoofs of vaunting enemies.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The north is not so <i>stark</i> and cold.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Complete; absolute; full; perfect;
entire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Consider the <i>stark</i> security<BR>
The common wealth is in now.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Strong; vigorous; powerful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>stark</i>, moss-trooping Scot.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stark</i> beer, boy, stout and strong
beer.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Severe; violent; fierce.</def> [Obs.] "In
<i>starke</i> stours." [<i>i. e.</i>, in fierce combats].
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Mere; sheer; gross; entire;
downright.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He pronounces the citation <i>stark</i>
nonsense.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rhetoric is very good or <i>stark</i> naught; there's
no medium in rhetoric.</blockquote> <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stark</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Wholly; entirely;
absolutely; quite; as, <i>stark</i> mind.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Held him strangled in his arms till he was <i>stark</i>
dead.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stark naked</b></col>, <cd>wholly naked; quite
bare.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Strip your sword <i>stark naked</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; According to Professor Skeat, "<i>stark-naked</i>" is
derived from <i>steort-naked</i>, or <i>start-naked</i>, literally
<i>tail-naked</i>, and hence <i>wholly naked</i>. If this etymology be
true the preferable form is <i>stark-naked</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Stark</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stiffen.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If horror have not <i>starked</i> your
limbs.</blockquote> <i>H. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stark"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stark manner;
stiffly; strongly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Its onward force too <i>starky</i> pent<BR>
In figure, bone, and lineament.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stark"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being stark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
stars; having no stars visible; as, a <i>starless</i> night.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The light given
by the stars.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor walk by moon,<BR>
Or glittering <i>starlight</i>, without thee is sweet.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"light`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lighted by the
stars, or by the stars only; as, a <i>starlight</i> night.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>starlight</i> evening and a morning
fair.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling a star; stellated; radiated like a star; as,
<i>starlike</i> flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shining; bright; illustrious.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The having turned many to righteousness shall confer a
<i>starlike</i> and immortal brightness.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sterlyng</i>,
a dim. of OE. <i>stare</i>, AS. <i>st&aelig;r</i>; akin to AS.
<i>stearn</i>, G. <i>star</i>, <i>staar</i>, OHG. <i>stara</i>, Icel.
<i>starri</i>, <i>stari</i>, Sw. <i>stare</i>, Dan. <i>st&aelig;r</i>,
L. <i>sturnus</i>.  Cf. <u>Stare</u> a starling.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any passerine bird belonging to
<i>Sturnus</i> and allied genera. The European starling (<i>Sturnus
vulgaris</i>) is dark brown or greenish black, with a metallic gloss,
and spotted with yellowish white. It is a sociable bird, and builds
about houses, old towers, etc. Called also <i>stare</i>, and
<i>starred</i>. The pied starling of India is <i>Sternopastor
contra</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A California fish; the
rock trout.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A structure of piles driven round the piers
of a bridge for protection and support; -- called also
<i>sterling</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rose-colored starling</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Pastor</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Star"lit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lighted by the
stars; starlight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fortune
teller; an astrologer; -- used in contempt.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European starling.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Star"nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A curious American mole (<i>Condylura cristata</i>) having the
nose expanded at the end into a stellate disk; -- called also <i>star-
nosed mole</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"ost</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pol. <i>starosta</i>,
from <i>stary</i> old.] <def>A nobleman who possessed a
starosty.</def> [Poland]</p>

<p><hw>Star"os*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A castle and
domain conferred on a nobleman for life.</def> [Poland]  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impervious to
the light of the stars; as, a <i>starproof</i> elm.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"-read`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Doctrine or
knowledge of the stars; star lore; astrology; astronomy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which in <i>star-read</i> were wont have best
insight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Star</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Adorned or studded with stars;
bespangled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Influenced in fortune by the stars.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My third comfort,<BR>
<i>Starred</i> most unluckily.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"ri*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being starry; as, the <i>starriness</i> of the
heavens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with stars; adorned with stars.</def> "Above the
<i>starry</i> sky."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or proceeding from, the
stars; stellar; stellary; as, <i>starry</i> light; <i>starry</i>
flame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do not Christians and Heathens, Jews and Gentiles,
poets and philosophers, unite in allowing the <i>starry</i>
influence?</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Shining like stars; sparkling; as,
<i>starry</i> eyes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Arranged in rays like those of a star;
stellate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Starry ray</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European
skate (<i>Raita radiata</i>); -- so called from the stellate bases of
the dorsal spines.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Star"shine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The light of
the stars.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>starshine</i> lights upon our
heads.</blockquote> <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"shoot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Nostoc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"-span`gled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spangled or
studded with stars.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Star-spangled banner</b></col>, <cd>the popular name for
the national ensign of the United States.</cd> <i>F. S. Key.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Asteriated sapphire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Start</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>started</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>starting</u>.] [OE. <i>sterten</i>; akin to D. <i>storten</i>
8hurl, rush, fall, G. <i>st&uuml;rzen</i>, OHG. <i>sturzen</i> to turn
over, to fall, Sw. <i>st&ouml;ra</i> to cast down, to fall, Dan.
<i>styrte</i>, and probably also to E. <i>start</i> a tail; the
original sense being, perhaps, to show the tail, to tumble over
suddenly. &radic;166.  Cf. <u>Start</u> a tail.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To leap; to jump.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move suddenly, as with a spring or leap,
from surprise, pain, or other sudden feeling or emotion, or by a
voluntary act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And maketh him out of his sleep to
<i>start</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>start</i> as from some dreadful
dream.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep your soul to the work when ready to <i>start</i>
aside.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But if he <i>start</i>,<BR>
It is the flesh of a corrupted heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To set out; to commence a course, as a race
or journey; to begin; as, to <i>start</i> business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At once they <i>start</i>, advancing in a
line.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At intervals some bird from out the brakes<BR>
<i>Starts</i> into voice a moment, then is still.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To become somewhat displaced or loosened;
as, a rivet or a seam may <i>start</i> under strain or
pressure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To start after</b></col>, <cd>to set out after; to follow;
to pursue.</cd> -- <col><b>To start against</b></col>, <cd>to act as a
rival candidate against.</cd> -- <col><b>To start for</b></col>,
<cd>to be a candidate for, as an office.</cd> -- <col><b>To start
up</b></col>, <cd>to rise suddenly, as from a seat or couch; to come
suddenly into notice or importance.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1405 !></p>

<p><hw>Start</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to move suddenly; to disturb suddenly; to startle; to
alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly; as, the hounds
<i>started</i> a fox.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon malicious bravery dost thou come<BR>
To <i>start</i> my quiet?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Brutus will <i>start</i> a spirit as soon as
C&aelig;sar.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring onto being or into view; to
originate; to invent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sensual men agree in the pursuit of every pleasure they
can <i>start</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to move or act; to set going,
running, or flowing; as, to <i>start</i> a railway train; to
<i>start</i> a mill; to <i>start</i> a stream of water; to
<i>start</i> a rumor; to <i>start</i> a business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was engaged in conversation upon a subject which the
people love to <i>start</i> in discourse.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move suddenly from its place or
position; to displace or loosen; to dislocate; as, to <i>start</i> a
bone; the storm <i>started</i> the bolts in the vessel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One, by a fall in wrestling, <i>started</i> the end of
the clavicle from the sternum.</blockquote> <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Perh. from D. <i>storten</i>, which has this
meaning also.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To pour out; to empty; to tap and
begin drawing from; as, to <i>start</i> a water cask.</def></p>

<p><hw>Start</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of starting; a sudden spring, leap, or motion, caused by surprise,
fear, pain, or the like; any sudden motion, or beginning of
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fright awakened Arcite with a
<i>start</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A convulsive motion, twitch, or spasm; a
spasmodic effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For she did speak in <i>starts</i>
distractedly.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature does nothing by <i>starts</i> and leaps, or in a
hurry.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sudden, unexpected movement; a sudden and
capricious impulse; a sally; as, <i>starts</i> of fancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To check the <i>starts</i> and sallies of the
soul.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The beginning, as of a journey or a course
of action; first motion from a place; act of setting out; the outset;
-- opposed to <i>finish</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>start</i> of first performance is
all.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I see you stand like greyhounds in the slips,<BR>
Straining upon the <i>start</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At a start</b></col>, <cd>at once; in an instant.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>At a start</i> he was betwixt them two.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To get</b></col>, or <col><b>have</b></col>, <col><b>the
start</b></col>, <cd>to before another; to gain or have the advantage
in a similar undertaking; -- usually with <i>of</i>.</cd>  "<i>Get the
start</i> of the majestic world." <i>Shak.</i> "She might have
forsaken him if he had not <i>got the start</i> of her."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Start</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stert</i> a tail, AS.
<i>steort</i>; akin to LG. <i>stert</i>, <i>steert</i>, D.
<i>staart</i>, G. <i>sterz</i>, Icel. <i>stertr</i>, Dan.
<i>stiert</i>, Sw. <i>stjert</i>. &radic;166.  Cf. <i>Stark naked</i>,
under <u>Stark</u>, <u>Start</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tail, or anything projecting like a
tail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The handle, or tail, of a plow; also, any
long handle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The curved or inclined front and bottom of
a water-wheel bucket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The arm, or level, of a
gin, drawn around by a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Start"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, starts; as, a <i>starter</i> on a journey; the
<i>starter</i> of a race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dog that rouses game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Start"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to start;
skittish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Start"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Aptness to
start.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Star"throat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any humming bird of the genus <i>Heliomaster</i>. The feathers of
the throat have a brilliant metallic luster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Start"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Start</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Starting bar</b></col> <i>(Steam Eng.)</i>, <cd>a hand
lever for working the values in starting an engine.</cd> --
<col><b>Starting hole</b></col>, <cd>a loophole; evasion.</cd> [Obs.]
-- <col><b>Starting point</b></col>, <cd>the point from which motion
begins, or from which anything starts.</cd> -- <col><b>Starting
post</b></col>, <cd>a post, stake, barrier, or place from which
competitors in a race start, or begin the race.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Start"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By sudden fits
or starts; spasmodically.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Start"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to start;
skittish; shy; -- said especially of a horse.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Star"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Startled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Startling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>start</i>.] <def>To move suddenly,
or be excited, on feeling alarm; to start.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why shrinks the soul<BR>
Back on herself, and <i>startles</i> at destruction?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To excite by sudden alarm, surprise, or apprehension; to frighten
suddenly and not seriously; to alarm; to surprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The supposition, at least, that angels do sometimes
assume bodies need not <i>startle</i> us.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deter; to cause to deviate.</def> [R.]
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To start; shock; fright; frighten; alarm.</p>

<p><hw>Star"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sudden motion or
shock caused by an unexpected alarm, surprise, or apprehension of
danger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After having recovered from my first <i>startle</i>, I
was very well pleased with the accident.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star"tling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
startling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"tlish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily startled;
apt to start; startish; skittish; -- said especially of a
hourse.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Start"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who comes suddenly into notice; an upstart.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of high rustic shoe.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>startuppe</i>, or clownish shoe.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Start"-up`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Upstart.</def> [R.]
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Star*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
starving, or the state of being starved.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word was first used, according to Horace Walpole, by
Henry Dundas, the first Lord Melville, in a speech on American affairs
in 1775, which obtained for him the nickname of <i>Starvation</i>
Dundas.
    "<i>Starvation</i>, we are also told, belongs to the class of
'vile compounds' from being a mongrel; as if English were not full of
mongrels, and if it would not be in distressing straits without them."
<i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Starved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Starving</u>.] [OE. <i>sterven</i> to die, AS. <i>steorfan</i>;
akin to D. <i>sterven</i>, G. <i>sterben</i>, OHG. <i>sterban</i>,
Icel. <i>starf</i> labor, toil.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To die; to
perish.</def> [Obs., except in the sense of perishing with cold or
hunger.]  <i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In hot coals he hath himself raked . . . <BR>
Thus <i>starved</i> this worthy mighty Hercules.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perish with hunger; to suffer extreme
hunger or want; to be very indigent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes virtue <i>starves</i>, while vice is
fed.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To perish or die with cold.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Have I seen the naked <i>starve</i> for
cold?</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Starving</i> with cold as well as
hunger.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, still common in England, but rarely used of
the United States.</p>

<p><hw>Starve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
destroy with cold.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From beds of raging fire, to <i>starve</i> in ice<BR>
Their soft ethereal warmth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To kill with hunger; as, maliciously to
<i>starve</i> a man is, in law, murder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To distress or subdue by famine; as, to
<i>starve</i>a garrison into a surrender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Attalus endeavored to <i>starve</i> Italy by stopping
their convoy of provisions from Africa.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To destroy by want of any kind; as, to
<i>starve</i> plans by depriving them of proper light and
air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of force or vigor; to
disable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pens of historians, writing thereof, seemed
<i>starved</i> for matter in an age so fruitful of memorable
actions.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The powers of their minds are <i>starved</i> by
disuse.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starv"ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
condition of one starved or starving; parsimoniously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some boasting housekeeper which keepth open doors for
one day, . . . and lives <i>starvedly</i> all the year
after.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starve"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Starve</i> +
<i>-ling</i>.] <def>One who, or that which, pines from lack or food,
or nutriment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old Sir John hangs with me, and thou knowest he is no
<i>starveling</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Starve"ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hungry; lean;
pining with want.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any plant of the genus <i>Aster</i>. See
<u>Aster</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small plant of the
genus <i>Stellaria</i>, having star-shaped flowers; star flower;
chickweed.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Water starwort</b></col>, <cd>an aquatic plant
(<i>Callitriche verna</i>) having some resemblance to chickweed.</cd>
-- <col><b>Yellow starwort</b></col>, <cd>a plant of the genus
<i>Inula</i>; elecampane.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Stas"i*mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stasmia</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. <grk>sta`simon</grk>,
neut. of <grk>sta`simos</grk> stationary, steadfast.] <def>In the
Greek tragedy, a song of the chorus, continued without the
interruption of dialogue or anap&aelig;stics.</def>  <i>Liddell &
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sta"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
standing still.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A slackening or arrest of the
blood current in the vessels, due not to a lessening of the heart's
beat, but presumably to some abnormal resistance of the capillary
walls. It is one of the phenomena observed in the capillaries in
inflammation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That can be
stated; as, a <i>statable</i>grievance; the question at issue is
<i>statable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or existing with reference to, a State of the American Union, as
distinguished from the general government.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have no knowledge of any other kind of political
citizenship, higher or lower, <i>statal</i> or national.</blockquote>
<i>Edward Bates.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stare</i> to
stand.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>In a standing position; as, a lion
<i>statant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fixed;
settled; steady; statary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sta*ta"ri*an*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Fixedly;
steadly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sta"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>statarius</i>
standing fast, fr. <i>stare</i> to stand.] <def>Fixed; settled.</def>
[Obs.] "The set and <i>statary</i> times of paring of nails and
cutting hair."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>State</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stat</i>, OF.
<i>estat</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tat</i>, fr. L. <i>status</i> a standing,
position, fr. <i>stare</i>, <i>statum</i>, to stand. See <u>Stand</u>,
and cf. <u>Estate</u>, <u>Status</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
circumstances or condition of a being or thing at any given
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>State</i> is a term nearly synonymous with "mode,"
but of a meaning more extensive, and is not exclusively limited to the
mutable and contingent.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Declare the past and present <i>state</i> of
things.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep the <i>state</i> of the question in your
eye.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rank; condition; quality; as, the
<i>state</i> of honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy honor, <i>state</i>, and seat is due to
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Condition of prosperity or grandeur;
wealthy or prosperous circumstances; social importance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She instructed him how he should keep <i>state</i>, and
yet with a modest sense of his misfortunes.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can this imperious lord forget to reign,<BR>
Quit all his <i>state</i>, descend, and serve again?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Appearance of grandeur or dignity;
pomp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where least og <i>state</i> there most of love is
shown.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A chair with a canopy above it, often
standing on a dais; a seat of dignity; also, the canopy itself.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His high throne, . . . under <i>state</i><BR>
Of richest texture spread.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When he went to court, he used to kick away the
<i>state</i>, and sit down by his prince cheek by jowl.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Estate, possession.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>state</i>, my lord, again in
yours.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A person of high rank.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Any body of men united by profession, or
constituting a community of a particular character; as, the civil and
ecclesiastical states, or the lords spiritual and temporal and the
commons, in Great Britain.  Cf. <u>Estate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
6.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The principal persons in a
government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bold design<BR>
Pleased highly those infernal <i>states</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The bodies that constitute the legislature
of a country; as, the <i>States</i>-general of Holland.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A form of government which is not
monarchial, as a republic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Well monarchies may own religion's name,<BR>
But <i>states</i> are atheists in their very fame.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A political body, or body politic; the
whole body of people who are united one government, whatever may be
the form of the government; a nation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Municipal law is a rule of conduct prescribed by the
supreme power in a <i>state</i>.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Puritans in the reign of Mary, driven from their
homes, sought an asylum in Geneva, where they found a <i>state</i>
without a king, and a church without a bishop.</blockquote> <i>R.
Choate.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>In the United States, one of the
commonwealth, or bodies politic, the people of which make up the body
of the nation, and which, under the national constitution, stands in
certain specified relations with the national government, and are
invested, as commonwealth, with full power in their several spheres
over all matters not expressly inhibited.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>State</i>, in its technical sense, is used in
distinction from the federal system, <i>i. e.</i>, the government of
the United States.</p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Highest and stationary condition, as that
of maturity between growth and decline, or as that of crisis between
the increase and the abating of a disease; height; acme.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; When <i>state</i> is joined with another word, or used
adjectively, it denotes public, or what belongs to the community or
body politic, or to the government; also, what belongs to the States
severally in the American Union; as, <i>state</i> affairs;
<i>state</i> policy; <i>State</i> laws of Iowa.</p>

<p><col><b>Nascent state</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Nascent</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Secretary of state</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Secretary</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>State
barge</b></col><cd>a royal barge, or a barge belonging to a
government.</cd> -- <col><b>State bed</b></col>, <cd>an elaborately
carved or decorated bed.</cd> -- <col><b>State carriage</b></col>,
<cd>a highly decorated carriage for officials going in state, or
taking part in public processions.</cd> -- <col><b>State
paper</b></col>, <cd>an official paper relating to the interests or
government of a state.</cd> <i>Jay.</i> -- <col><b>State
prison</b></col>, <cd>a public prison or penitentiary; -- called also
<i>State's prison</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>State prisoner</b></col>,
<cd>one is confinement, or under arrest, for a political offense.</cd>
-- <col><b>State rights</b></col>, or <col><b>States'
rights</b></col>, <cd>the rights of the several independent States, as
distinguished from the rights of the Federal government. It has been a
question as to what rights have been vested in the general
government.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>State's evidence</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Probator</u>, 2, and under <u>Evidence</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>State
sword</b></col>, <cd>a sword used on state occasions, being borne
before a sovereign by an attendant of high rank.</cd> -- <col><b>State
trial</b></col>, <cd>a trial of a person for a political offense.</cd>
-- <col><b>States of the Church</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Ecclesiastical</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>State</u>, <u>Situation</u>, <u>Condition</u>.
<i>State</i> is the generic term, and denotes in general the mode in
which a thing stands or exists. The <i>situation</i> of a thing is its
state in reference to external objects and influences; its
<i>condition</i> is its internal state, or what it is in itself
considered. Our <i>situation</i> is good or bad as outward things bear
favorably or unfavorably upon us; our <i>condition</i> is good or bad
according to the state we are actually in as respects our persons,
families, property, and other things which comprise our sources of
enjoyment.</p>

<p><blockquote>I do not, brother,<BR>
Infer as if I thought my sister's <i>state</i><BR>
Secure without all doubt or controversy.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We hoped to enjoy with ease what, in our
<i>situation</i>, might be called the luxuries of life.</blockquote>
<i>Cock.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And, O, what man's <i>condition</i> can be worse<BR>
Than his whom plenty starves and blessings curse?</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>State</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Stately.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to the state, or body politic;
public.</def></p>

<p><hw>State</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set; to settle; to
establish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I myself, though meanest <i>stated</i>,<BR>
And in court now almost hated.</blockquote> <i>Wither.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who calls the council, <i>states</i> the certain
day.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To express the particulars of; to set down
in detail or in gross; to represent fully in words; to narrate; to
recite; as, to <i>state</i> the facts of a case, one's opinion,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To state it</b></col>. <cd>To assume state or dignity.</cd>
[Obs.] "Rarely dressed up, and taught <i>to state it</i>." <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>State</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A statement; also, a
document containing a statement.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>State"craft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of
conducting state affairs; state management; statesmanship.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1406 !></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Settled; established; fixed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is capable of corruption who receives more than what
is the <i>stated</i> and unquestionable fee of his
office.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Recurring at regular time; not occasional;
as, <i>stated</i> preaching; <i>stated</i> business hours.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At stated times;
regularly.</def></p>

<p><hw>State"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of state;
stately.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>stateful</i> silence."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>State"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of
being a State; as, a territory seeking <i>Statehood</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>State"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The building
in which a State legislature holds its sessions; a State
capitol.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>State"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without state or
pomp.</def></p>

<p><hw>State"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stately
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>State"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being stately.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>stateliness</i> and majesty, what is comparable
to a horse?</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>State"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Statelier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stateliest</u>.]
<def>Evincing state or dignity; lofty; majestic; grand; as,
<i>stately</i>manners; a <i>stately</i> gait.</def> "The
<i>stately</i> homes of England!" <i>Mrs. Hemans.</i> "Filled with
<i>stately</i> temples." <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here is a <i>stately</i> style indeed!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lofty; dignified; majestic; grand; august;
magnificent.</p>

<p><hw>State"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Majestically;
loftily.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>State"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of stating, reciting, or presenting, orally or in paper;
as, to interrupt a speaker in the <i>statement</i> of his
case.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is stated; a formal embodiment
in language of facts or opinions; a narrative; a recital.</def>
"Admirable perspicuity of <i>statement</i>!"  <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>State"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
politics, or one who dabbles in state affairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>State`pris"on</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>State</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
states.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sta"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stater</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>The principal gold coin of ancient
Grece. It varied much in value, the stater best known at Athens being
worth about &pound;1 2s., or about $5.35. The Attic silver tetradrachm
was in later times called <i>stater</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>State"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A magnificent room in a place or great house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small apartment for lodging or sleeping
in the cabin, or on the deck, of a vessel; also, a somewhat similar
apartment in a railway sleeping car.</def></p>

<p><hw>States"-gen"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In France, before the Revolution, the assembly
of the three orders of the kingdom, namely, the clergy, the nobility,
and the third estate, or commonalty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the Netherlands, the legislative body,
composed of two chambers.</def></p>

<p><hw>States"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Statesmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man
versed in public affairs and in the principles and art of government;
especially, one eminent for political abilities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The minds of some of our <i>statesmen</i>, like the
pupil of the human eye, contract themselves the more, the stronger
light there is shed upon them.</blockquote> <i>More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One occupied with the affairs of
government, and influental in shaping its policy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small landholder.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>States"man*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
manner or wisdom of statesmen; becoming a statesman.</def></p>

<p><hw>States"man*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming a
statesman.</def></p>

<p><hw>States"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
qualifications, duties, or employments of a statesman.</def></p>

<p><hw>States"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stateswomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman concerned in public
affairs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A rare <i>stateswoman</i>; I admire her
bearing.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stath"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
measuring line + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>A contrivance for recording the
speed of a railway train.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Stat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; causing to stand, skilled in weighing,
fr. &?; to cause to stand: cf. F. <i>statique</i>. See <u>Stand</u>,
and cf. <u>Stage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resting; acting by mere
weight without motion; as, <i>statical</i> pressure; <i>static</i>
objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to bodies at rest or in
equilibrium.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Statical electricity</b></col>. <cd>See Note under
<u>Electricity</u>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Statical moment</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Moment</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a statical
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>statique</i>, Gr. &?; the art of weighing, fr. &?;. See
<u>Static</u>.] <def>That branch of mechanics which treats of the
equilibrium of forces, or relates to bodies as held at rest by the
forces acting on them; -- distinguished from
<i>dynamics</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Social statics</b></col>, <cd>the study of the conditions
which concern the existence and permanence of the social
state.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
states anything; statement; as, the <i>stating</i>of one's
opinions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>statio</i>, from <i>stare</i>, <i>statum</i>, to stand. See
<u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of standing; also,
attitude or pose in standing; posture.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>station</i> like the herald, Mercury.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their manner was to stand at prayer, whereupon their
meetings unto that purpose . . . had the names of <i>stations</i>
given them.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of standing or rest;
equilibrium.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All progression is performed by drawing on or impelling
forward some part which was before in <i>station</i>, or at
quiet.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The spot or place where anything stands,
especially where a person or thing habitually stands, or is appointed
to remain for a time; as, the <i>station</i> of a sentinel.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A regular stopping place in a
stage road or route; a place where railroad trains regularly come to a
stand, for the convenience of passengers, taking in fuel, moving
freight, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The headquarters of the
police force of any precinct.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The place
at which an instrument is planted, or observations are made, as in
surveying.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
particular place, or kind of situation, in which a species naturally
occurs; a habitat.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
place to which ships may resort, and where they may anchor
safely.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A place or region to which a
government ship or fleet is assigned for duty.</def>
<sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A place calculated for the
rendezvous of troops, or for the distribution of them; also, a spot
well adapted for offensive measures. <i>Wilhelm</i> <i>(Mil.
Dict.)</i>.</def> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>An
enlargement in a shaft or galley, used as a landing, or passing place,
or for the accomodation of a pump, tank, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Post assigned; office; the part or
department of public duty which a person is appointed to perform;
sphere of duty or occupation; employment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By spending this day [Sunday] in religious exercises,
we acquire new strength and resolution to perform God's will in our
several <i>stations</i> the week following.</blockquote> <i>R.
Nelson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Situation; position; location.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fig and date -- why love they to remain<BR>
In middle <i>station</i>, and an even plain?</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>State; rank; condition of life; social
status.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The greater part have kept, I see,<BR>
Their <i>station</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They in France of the best rank and
<i>station</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The fast
of the fourth and sixth days of the week, Wednesday and Friday, in
memory of the council which condemned Christ, and of his
passion.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A church in
which the procession of the clergy halts on stated days to say stated
prayers.</def> <i>Addis &amp; Arnold.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of
the places at which ecclesiastical processions pause for the
performance of an act of devotion; formerly, the tomb of a martyr, or
some similarly consecrated spot; now, especially, one of those
representations of the successive stages of our Lord's passion which
are often placed round the naves of large churches and by the side of
the way leading to sacred edifices or shrines, and which are visited
in rotation, stated services being performed at each; -- called also
<i>Station of the cross</i>.</def> <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Station bill</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Quarter bill</i>, under <u>Quarter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Station
house</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The house serving for the
headquarters of the police assigned to a certain district, and as a
place of temporary confinement</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The house
used as a shelter at a railway station.</cd> -- <col><b>Station
master</b></col>, <cd>one who has charge of a station, esp. of a
railway station.</cd> -- <col><b>Station pointer</b></col>
<i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>an instrument for locating on a chart the position
of a place from which the angles subtended by three distant objects,
whose positions are known, have been observed.</cd> -- <col><b>Station
staff</b></col> <i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>an instrument for taking angles in
surveying.</cd> <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Station</u>, <u>Depot</u>.  In the United States,
a stopping place on a railway for passengers and freight is commonly
called a <i>depot</i>: but to a considerable extent in official use,
and in common speech, the more appropriate name, <i>station</i>, has
been adopted.</p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stationed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stationing</u>.] <def>To place; to set; to appoint or assign to the
occupation of a post, place, or office; as, to <i>station</i> troops
on the right of an army; to <i>station</i> a sentinel on a rampart; to
<i>station</i> ships on the coasts of Africa.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gained the brow of the hill, where the English
phalanx was <i>stationed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lyttelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stationalis</i>: cf. F. <i>stationnale</i> (<i>&eacute;glise</i>).]
<def>Of or pertaining to a station.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*a*ri*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being stationary; fixity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stationarius</i>: cf. F. <i>stationnaire</i>.  Cf.
<u>Stationer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not moving; not appearing
to move; stable; fixed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Charles Wesley, who is a more <i>stationary</i> man,
does not believe the story.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not improving or getting worse; not growing
wiser, greater, better, more excellent, or the contrary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Appearing to be at rest, because moving in
the line of vision; not progressive or retrograde, as a
planet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stationary air</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the air
which under ordinary circumstances does not leave the lungs in
respiration.</cd> -- <col><b>Stationary engine</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A steam engine thet is permanently placed, in
distinction from a portable engine, locomotive, marine engine,
etc.</cd> Specifically: <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A factory engine, in
distinction from a blowing, pumping, or other kind of engine which is
also permanently placed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who, or that which, is
stationary, as a planet when apparently it has neither progressive nor
retrograde motion.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Stationary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bookseller or publisher; -- formerly so called from his occupying a
stand, or <i>station</i>, in the market place or elsewhere.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who sells paper, pens, quills,
inkstands, pencils, blank books, and other articles used in
writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The articles
usually sold by stationers, as paper, pens, ink, quills, blank books,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion*er*y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to, or
sold by, a stationer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>State</u>.]
<def>The art of governing a state; statecraft; policy.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The enemies of God . . . call our religion
<i>statism</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>State</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A statesman; a politician; one skilled in
government.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Statists</i> indeed,<BR>
And lovers of their country.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A statistician.</def>  <i>Fawcett.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sta*tis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Sta*tis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>statistique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to statistics; as, <i>statistical</i> knowledge,
<i>statistical</i> tabulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*tis"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the way
of statistics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat`is*ti"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>statisticien</i>.] <def>One versed in statistics; one who collects
and classifies facts for statistics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*tis"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>statistique</i>, G. <i>statistik</i>. See <u>State</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The science which has to
do with the collection and classification of certain facts respecting
the condition of the people in a state.</def> [In this sense
gramatically singular.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Classified facts respecting the
condition of the people in a state, their health, their longevity,
domestic economy, arts, property, and political strength, their
resources, the state of the country, etc., or respecting any
particular class or interest; especially, those facts which can be
stated in numbers, or in tables of numbers, or in any tabular and
classified arrangement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat`is*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Statistics</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>See <u>Statistics</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stativus</i>,
fr. <i>stare</i>, <i>statum</i>, to stand.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a fixed camp, or military posts or quarters.</def> [Obs.
or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stat"o*blast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; standing
(<i>i. e.</i>, remaining) + <i>-blast</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a peculiar kind of internal buds, or germs, produced in
the interior of certain Bryozoa and sponges, especially in the fresh-
water species; -- also called <i>winter buds</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are protected by a firm covering, and are usually
destined to perpetuate the species during the winter season. They
burst open and develop in the spring. In some fresh-water sponges they
serve to preserve the species during the dry season. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Phylactol&aelig;mata</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sta*toc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>State</i> +
<i>-cracy</i>, as in <i>democracy</i>.] <def>Government by the state,
or by political power, in distinction from government by
ecclesiastical power.</def> [R.]  <i>O. A. Brownson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"u*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
statue.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They spake not a word;<BR>
But, like dumb <i>statuas</i> or breathing stones,<BR>
Gazed each on other.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"u*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Statuaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>statuarius</i>, n., fr.
<i>statuarius</i>, a., of or belonging to statues, fr. <i>statua</i>
statue: cf. F. <i>statuaire</i>. See <u>Statue</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who practices the art of making
statues.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On other occasions the <i>statuaries</i> took their
subjects from the poets.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [L. <i>statuaria</i> (sc. <i>ars</i>): cf. F.
<i>statuaire</i>.] <def>The art of carving statues or images as
representatives of real persons or things; a branch of
sculpture.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A collection of statues; statues,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>statua</i> (akin to <i>stativus</i> standing still), fr.
<i>stare</i>, <i>statum</i>, to stand. See <u>Stand</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The likeness of a living being sculptured or
modeled in some solid substance, as marble, bronze, or wax; an image;
as, a <i>statue</i> of Hercules, or of a lion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will raise her <i>statue</i> in pure
gold.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A portrait.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Statued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Statuing</u>.] <def>To place, as a statue; to form a statue of; to
make into a statue.</def> "The whole man becomes as if <i>statued</i>
into stone and earth."  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adorned with
statues.</def> "The <i>statued</i> hall." <i>Longfellow.</i>
"<i>Statued</i> niches." <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ue*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
statue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ue*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
statue; motionless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat`u*esque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of,
or exemplifying, the characteristics of a statue; having the symmetry,
or other excellence, of a statue artistically made; as,
<i>statuesque</i>limbs; a <i>statuesque</i> attitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their characters are mostly <i>statuesque</i> even in
this respect, that they have no background.</blockquote>
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat`u*esque"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
statuesque manner; in a way suggestive of a statue; like a
statue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A character <i>statuesquely</i> simple in its
details.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat`u*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., cf. It.
<i>statuetta</i>.] <def>A small statue; -- usually applied to a figure
much less than life size, especially when of marble or bronze, or of
plaster or clay as a preparation for the marble or bronze, as
distinguished from a figure in terra cotta or the like.  Cf.
<u>Figurine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta*tu"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>statuminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>statuminare</i> to prop, fr.
<i>statumen</i> a prop, fr. <i>statuere</i> to place.] <def>To prop or
support.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>stature</i>, OF.
<i>estature</i>, from L. <i>statura</i>, originally, an upright
posture, hence, height or size of the body, from <i>stare</i>,
<i>statum</i>, to stand. See <u>Stand</u>.] <def>The natural height of
an animal body; -- generally used of the human body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foreign men of mighty <i>stature</i> came.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Arrived at full
stature.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sta"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>State;
condition; position of affairs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Sta"tus in` quo"</hw> (?), <hw>||Sta"tus quo"</hw>  }. [L.,
state in which.] <def>The state in which anything is already. The
phrase is also used retrospectively, as when, on a treaty of place,
matters return to the <i>status quo ante bellum</i>, or are left <i>in
statu quo ante bellum</i>, i.e., the state (or, in the state) before
the war.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"u*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made or introduced by statute; proceeding from an act of the
legistature; as, a <i>statutable</i> provision or remedy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made or being in conformity to statute;
standard; as, <i>statutable</i> measures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"u*ta*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Conformably to
statute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stat"ute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>statut</i>, LL.
<i>statutum</i>, from L. <i>statutus</i>, p. p. of <i>statuere</i> to
set, station, ordain, fr. <i>status</i> position, station, fr.
<i>stare</i>, <i>statum</i>, to stand. See <u>Stand</u>, and cf.
<u>Constitute</u>, <u>Destitute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An act
of the legislature of a state or country, declaring, commanding, or
prohibiting something; a positive law; the written will of the
legislature expressed with all the requisite forms of legislation; --
used in distinction fraom <i>common law</i>. See <i>Common law</i>,
under <u>Common</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Statute</i> is commonly applied to the acts of a
legislative body consisting of representatives. In monarchies,
legislature laws of the sovereign are called <i>edicts</i>,
<i>decrees</i>, <i>ordinances</i>, <i>rescripts</i>, etc. In works on
international law and in the Roman law, the term is used as embracing
all laws imposed by competent authority. Statutes in this sense are
divided into statutes real, statutes personal, and statutes mixed;
<i>statutes real</i> applying to immovables; <i>statutes personal</i>
to movables; and <i>statutes mixed</i> to both classes of
property.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An act of a corporation or of its founder,
intended as a permanent rule or law; as, the <i>statutes</i> of a
university.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An assemblage of farming servants (held
possibly by statute) for the purpose of being hired; -- called also
<i>statute fair</i>.</def> [Eng.] Cf. 3d <u>Mop</u>, 2.
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Statute book</b></col>, <cd>a record of laws or legislative
acts.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Statute cap</b></col>, <cd>a
kind of woolen cap; -- so called because enjoined to be worn by a
statute, dated in 1571, in behalf of the trade of cappers.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i> -- <col><b>Statute fair</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Statute</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Statute labor</b></col>, <cd>a definite amount of labor
required for the public service in making roads, bridges, etc., as in
certain English colonies.</cd> -- <col><b>Statute merchant</b></col>
<i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a bond of record pursuant to the stat. 13 Edw.
I., acknowledged in form prescribed, on which, if not paid at the day,
an execution might be awarded against the body, lands, and goods of
the debtor, and the obligee might hold the lands until out of the
rents and profits of them the debt was satisfied; -- called also a
<i>pocket judgment</i>. It is now fallen into disuse.</cd>
<i>Tomlins.</i> <i>Bouvier.</i> -- <col><b>Statute mile</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Mile</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Statute of
limitations</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a statute assigned a certain
time, after which rights can not be enforced by action.</cd> --
<col><b>Statute staple</b></col>, <cd>a bond of record acknowledged
before the mayor of the staple, by virtue of which the creditor may,
on nonpayment, forthwith have execution against the body, lands, and
goods of the debtor, as in the <i>statute merchant</i>. It is now
disused.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Act; regulation; edict; decree. See <u>Law</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1407 !></p>

<p><hw>Stat"u*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enacted by
statute; depending on statute for its authority; as, a
<i>statutory</i> provision.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Staunch</hw> (?), <hw>Staunch"ly</hw>, <hw>Staunch"ness</hw>,
etc. } <def>See <u>Stanch</u>, <u>Stanchly</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stau"ro*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a cross +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a brown to black color
occurring in prismatic crystals, often twinned so as to form groups
resembling a cross. It is a silicate of aluminia and iron, and is
generally found imbedded in mica schist. Called also <i>granatite</i>,
and <i>grenatite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stau`ro*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to staurolite; resembling or containing
staurolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stau"ro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a cross +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>An optical instrument used
in determining the position of the planes of light-vibration in
sections of crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stau"ro*tide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>staurotide</i>, from Gr. &?; cruciform (from Gr. &?; a cross) + &?;
form.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Staurolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Staff</u>, and
corresponding to the pl. <i>staves</i>. See <u>Staff</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of a number of narrow strips of wood, or
narrow iron plates, placed edge to edge to form the sides, covering,
or lining of a vessel or structure; esp., one of the strips which form
the sides of a cask, a pail, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the cylindrical bars of a lantern
wheel; one of the bars or rounds of a rack, a ladder, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A metrical portion; a stanza; a
staff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us chant a passing <i>stave</i><BR>
In honor of that hero brave.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The five horizontal and
parallel lines on and between which musical notes are written or
pointed; the staff.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Stave jointer</b></col>, <cd>a machine for dressing the
edges of staves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Staved</u> (?) or <u>Stove</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Staving</u>.] [From <u>Stave</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <u>Staff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To break in a stave or the staves of; to break
a hole in; to burst; -- often with <i>in</i>; as, to <i>stave</i> a
cask; to <i>stave</i> in a boat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To push, as with a staff; -- with
<i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The condition of a servant <i>staves</i> him off to a
distance.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To delay by force or craft; to drive away;
-- usually with <i>off</i>; as, to <i>stave</i> off the execution of a
project.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And answered with such craft as women use,<BR>
Guilty or guilties, to <i>stave</i> off a chance<BR>
That breaks upon them perilously.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To suffer, or cause, to be lost by breaking
the cask.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the wine in the city has been
<i>staved</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with staves or rundles.</def>
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To render impervious or solid by driving
with a calking iron; as, to <i>stave</i> lead, or the joints of pipes
into which lead has been run.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To stave and tail</b></col>, <cd>in bear baiting, (<i>to
stave</i>) to interpose with the staff, doubtless to stop the bear;
(<i>to tail</i>) to hold back the dog by the tail.</cd>
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stave</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To burst in pieces by
striking against something; to dash into fragments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a vessel of glass she <i>stove</i> and
sank.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Staves</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Staff</u>.</def> "Banners, scarves
and <i>staves</i>." <i>R. Browning.</i> Also (st&amacr;vz),
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Stave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staves"a`cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from NL.
<i>staphis agria</i>, Gr. &?; dried grape + &?; wild.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A kind of larkspur (<i>Delphinium Staphysagria</i>), and its
seeds, which are violently purgative and emetic. They are used as a
parasiticide, and in the East for poisoning fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stave`wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
tall tree (<i>Simaruba amara</i>) growing in tropical America. It is
one of the trees which yields quassia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stav"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cassing or
lining of staves; especially, one encircling a water wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>staae</i>
to stand, Sw. <i>st&aring;</i>. &radic;163.] <def>To be fixed or set;
to stay.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&aelig;g</i>,
akin to D., G., Icel., Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>stag</i>; cf. OF. <i>estai</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;tai</i>, of Teutonic origin.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
large, strong rope, employed to support a mast, by being extended from
the head of one mast down to some other, or to some part of the
vessel. Those which lead forward are called <i>fore-and-aft stays</i>;
those which lead to the vessel's side are called <i>backstays</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ship</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In stays</b></col>, or <col><b>Hove in stays</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>in the act or situation of staying, or going about
from one tack to another.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i> -- <col><b>Stay
holes</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>openings in the edge of a staysail
through which the hanks pass which join it to the stay.</cd> --
<col><b>Stay tackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a tackle attached to
a stay and used for hoisting or lowering heavy articles over the
side.</cd> -- <col><b>To miss stays</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to
fail in the attempt to go about.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> --
<col><b>Triatic stay</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rope secured at
the ends to the heads of the foremast and mainmast with thimbles
spliced to its bight into which the stay tackles hook.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stay</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stayed</u> (?) or <u>Staid</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Staying</u>.] [OF. <i>estayer</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tayer</i> to prop, fr. OF. <i>estai</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tai</i>, a prop, probably fr. OD. <i>stade</i>,
<i>staeye</i>, a prop, akin to E. <i>stead</i>; or cf. <i>stay</i> a
rope to support a mast.  Cf. <u>Staid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Stay</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stop
from motion or falling; to prop; to fix firmly; to hold up; to
support.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Aaron and Hur <i>stayed</i> up his hands, the one on
the one side, and the other on the other side.</blockquote> <i>Ex.
xvii. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sallows and reeds . . . for vineyards useful found<BR>
To <i>stay</i> thy vines.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To support from sinking; to sustain with
strength; to satisfy in part or for the time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has devoured a whole loaf of bread and butter, and
it has not <i>staid</i> his stomach for a minute.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bear up under; to endure; to support; to
resist successfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She will not <i>stay</i> the siege of loving terms,<BR>
Nor bide the encounter of assailing eyes.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hold from proceeding; to withhold; to
restrain; to stop; to hold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Him backward overthrew and down him <i>stayed</i><BR>
With their rude hands grisly grapplement.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All that may <i>stay</i> their minds from thinking that
true which they heartly wish were false.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To hinde&?;; to delay; to detain; to keep
back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your ships are <i>stayed</i> at Venice.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This business <i>staid</i> me in London almost a
week.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I was willing to <i>stay</i> my reader on an argument
that appeared to me new.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To remain for the purpose of; to wait
for.</def> "I <i>stay</i> dinner there."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To cause to cease; to put an end
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stay</i> your strife.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For flattering planets seemed to say<BR>
This child should ills of ages <i>stay</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>To fasten or secure with
stays; as, to <i>stay</i> a flat sheet in a steam boiler.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To tack, as a vessel, so
that the other side of the vessel shall be presented to the
wind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To stay a mast</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to incline it
forward or aft, or to one side, by the stays and backstays.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stay</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [&radic;163. See
<u>Stay</u> to hold up, prop.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remain; to
continue in a place; to abide fixed for a space of time; to stop; to
stand still.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She would command the hasty sun to
<i>stay</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stay</i>, I command you; <i>stay</i> and hear me
first.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>stay</i> a little longer, as one <i>stays</i><BR>
To cover up the embers that still burn.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To continue in a state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flames augment, and <i>stay</i><BR>
At their full height, then languish to decay.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wait; to attend; to forbear to
act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll tell thee all my whole device<BR>
When I am in my coach, which <i>stays</i> for us.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The father can not <i>stay</i> any longer for the
fortune.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dwell; to tarry; to linger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must <i>stay</i> a little on one action.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To rest; to depend; to rely; to stand; to
insist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>stay</i> here on my bond.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye despise this word, and trust in oppression and
perverseness, and <i>stay</i> thereon.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxx.
12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To come to an end; to cease; as, that day
the storm <i>stayed</i>.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here my commission <i>stays</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To hold out in a race or other contest; as,
a horse <i>stays</i> well.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To change tack; as a
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stay</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>estai</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tai</i> support, and E. <i>stay</i> a rope to support a
mast.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which serves as a prop; a
support.</def> "My only strength and <i>stay</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Trees serve as so many <i>stays</i> for their
vines.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord Liverpool is the single <i>stay</i> of this
ministry.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A corset stiffened with
whalebone or other material, worn by women, and rarely by
men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How the strait <i>stays</i> the slender waist
constrain.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Continuance in a place; abode for a space
of time; sojourn; as, you make a short <i>stay</i> in this
city.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make haste, and leave thy business and thy care;<BR>
No mortal interest can be worth thy <i>stay</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Embrace the hero and his <i>stay</i>
implore.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Cessation of motion or progression; stand;
stop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Made of sphere metal, never to decay<BR>
Until his revolution was at <i>stay</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Affairs of state seemed rather to stand at a
<i>stay</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hindrance; let; check.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They were able to read good authors without any
<i>stay</i>, if the book were not false.</blockquote> <i>Robynson
(more's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Restraint of passion; moderation; caution;
steadiness; sobriety.</def> [Obs.] "Not grudging that thy lust hath
bounds and <i>stays</i>."  <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wisdom, <i>stay</i>, and moderation of the
king.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With prudent <i>stay</i> he long deferred<BR>
The rough contention.</blockquote> <i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>Strictly, a part in tension
to hold the parts together, or stiffen them.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stay bolt</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a bolt or short
rod, connecting opposite plates, so as to prevent them from being
bulged out when acted upon by a pressure which tends to force them
apart, as in the leg of a steam boiler.</cd> -- <col><b>Stay
busk</b></col>, <cd>a stiff piece of wood, steel, or whalebone, for
the front support of a woman's stays.  Cf. <u>Busk</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stay rod</b></col>, <cd>a rod which acts as a stay,
particularly in a steam boiler.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stayed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Staid; fixed;
settled; sober; -- now written <i>staid</i>. See <u>Staid</u>.</def>
 <i>Bacon. Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stayed"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Staidly. See
<u>Staidly</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stayed"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Staidness.</def> [Archaic]  <i>W. Whately.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Solidity; weight.</def> [R.]
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stay"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who upholds or
supports that which props; one who, or that which, stays, stops, or
restrains; also, colloquially, a horse, man, etc., that has endurance,
an a race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stay"lace`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lace for
fastening stays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stay"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without stop or
delay.</def>  <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stay"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to make stays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stay"nil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European starling.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stay"sail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Any sail extended on a stay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stay"ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A remora, -- fabled to stop ships by attaching itself to
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stead</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stede</i> place,
AS. <i>stede</i>; akin to LG. &amp; D. <i>stede</i>, OS. <i>stad</i>,
<i>stedi</i>, OHG. <i>stat</i>, G. <i>statt</i>, <i>st&auml;tte</i>,
Icel. <i>sta&eth;r</i>, Dan. <i>sted</i>, Sw. <i>stad</i>, Goth.
<i>sta&?;s</i>, and E. <i>stand</i>. &radic;163. See <u>Stand</u>, and
cf. <u>Staith</u>, <u>Stithy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Place, or
spot, in general.</def> [Obs., except in composition.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fly, therefore, fly this fearful <i>stead</i>
anon.</blockquote>
 <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Place or room which another had, has, or
might have.</def> "Stewards of your <i>steads</i>."  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>stead</i> of bounds, he a pillar
set.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A frame on which a bed is laid; a
bedstead.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The genial bed,<BR>
Sallow the feet, the borders, and the <i>stead</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A farmhouse and offices.</def> [Prov. Eng.
& Scot.]</p>

<p>&fist; The word is now commonly used as the last part of a
compound; as, farm<i>stead</i>, home<i>stead</i>, read<i>stead</i>,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>In stead of</b></col>, <cd>in place of. See
<u>Instead</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To stand in stead</b></col>, or
<col><b>To do stead</b></col>, <cd>to be of use or great
advantage.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The smallest act . . . shall <i>stand</i> us <i>in</i>
great <i>stead</i>.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here thy sword can <i>do</i> thee little
<i>stead</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stead</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
help; to support; to benefit; to assist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps my succour or advisement meet,<BR>
Mote <i>stead</i> you much your purpose to subdue.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It nothing <i>steads</i> us<BR>
To chide him from our eaves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill place of.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stead"fast</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stead</i> +
<i>fast</i>, that is, fast in place.] [Written also <i>stedfast</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Firmly fixed or established; fast fixed;
firm.</def> "This <i>steadfast</i> globe of earth."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not fickle or wavering; constant; firm;
resolute; unswerving; steady.</def> "<i>Steadfast</i> eye."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Abide <i>steadfast</i> unto him [thy neighbor] in the
time of his trouble.</blockquote> <i>Ecclus. xxii. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom resist <i>steadfast</i> in the faith.</blockquote>
<i>1 Pet. v. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stead"fast*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a steadfast
manner; firmly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Steadfast</i> believe that whatever God has revealed
is infallibly true.</blockquote> <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stead"fast*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being steadfast; firmness; fixedness; constancy.</def> "The
<i>steadfastness</i> of your faith."  <i>Col. ii. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To prove her wifehood and her
<i>steadfastness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stead"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a steady
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stead"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being steady.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Steadiness</i> is a point of prudence as well as of
courage.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Constancy; resolution; unchangeableness.</p>

<p><hw>Stead"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The brans,
stables, cattle-yards, etc., of a farm; -- called also <i>onstead</i>,
<i>farmstead</i>, <i>farm offices</i>, or <i>farmery</i>.</def> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Stead"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Steadier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Steadiest</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>stedig</i>
sterile, barren, <i>st&aelig;&?;&?;ig</i>, steady (in
<i>gest&aelig;&?;&?;ig</i>), D. <i>stedig</i>, <i>stadig</i>,
<i>steeg</i>, G. <i>st&auml;tig</i>, <i>stetig</i>. See <u>Stead</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Firm in standing or
position; not tottering or shaking; fixed; firm.</def> "The softest,
<i>steadiest</i> plume."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their feet <i>steady</i>, their hands diligent, their
eyes watchful, and their hearts resolute.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constant in feeling, purpose, or pursuit;
not fickle, changeable, or wavering; not easily moved or persuaded to
alter a purpose; resolute; as, a man <i>steady</i> in his principles,
in his purpose, or in the pursuit of an object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Regular; constant; undeviating; uniform;
as, the <i>steady</i> course of the sun; a <i>steady</i> breeze of
wind.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fixed; regular; uniform; undeviating; invariable;
unremitted; stable.</p>

<p><col><b>Steady rest</b></col> <i>(Mach)</i>, <cd>a rest in a
turning lathe, to keep a long piece of work from trembling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stead"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Steadied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Steadying</u>.] <def>To make steady; to hold or keep from shaking,
reeling, or falling; to make or keep firm; to support; to make
constant, regular, or resolute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stead"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become steady; to
regain a steady position or state; to move steadily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without a breeze, without a tide,<BR>
She <i>steadies</i> with upright keel.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>steike</i>, Icel.
<i>steik</i>, akin to Icel. <i>steikja</i> to roast, <i>stikna</i> to
be roasted or scorched, and E. <i>stick</i>, the steak being broiled
on a spit. See <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A slice of
beef, broiled, or cut for broiling; -- also extended to the meat of
other large animals; as, venison <i>steak</i>; bear <i>steak</i>; pork
<i>steak</i>; turtle <i>steak</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stale</u> a
handle.] <def>A handle; a stale, or stele.</def> [Archaic or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And in his hand a huge poleax did bear.<BR>
Whose <i>steale</i> was iron-studded but not long.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Stole</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stolen</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Stealing</u>.] [OE.
<i>stelen</i>, AS. <i>stelan</i>; akin to OFries. <i>stela</i>, D.
<i>stelen</i>, OHG. <i>stelan</i>, G. <i>stehlen</i>, Icel.
<i>stela</i>, SW. <i>stj&auml;la</i>, Dan. <i>sti&aelig;le</i>, Goth.
<i>stilan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take and carry away,
feloniously; to take without right or leave, and with intent to keep
wrongfully; as, to <i>steal</i> the personal goods of
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Maugre thy heed, thou must for indigence<BR>
Or <i>steal</i>, or borrow, thy dispense.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The man who <i>stole</i> a goose and gave away the
giblets in &?;lms.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw or convey clandestinely
(reflexive); hence, to creep furtively, or to insinuate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They could insinuate and <i>steal</i> themselves under
the same by their humble carriage and submission.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He will <i>steal</i> himself into a man's
favor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To gain by insinuating arts or covert
means.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So Absalom <i>stole</i> the hearts of the men of
Israel.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xv. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To get into one's power gradually and by
imperceptible degrees; to take possession of by a gradual and
imperceptible appropriation; -- with <i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Variety of objects has a tendency to <i>steal</i> away
the mind from its steady pursuit of any subject.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To accomplish in a concealed or unobserved
manner; to try to carry out secretly; as, to <i>steal</i> a
look.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Always, when thou changest thine opinion or course,
profess it plainly, . . . and do not think to <i>steal</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To steal a march</b></col>, <cd>to march in a covert way;
to gain an advantage unobserved; -- formerly followed by <i>of</i>,
but now by <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>, and sometimes by <i>over</i>; as,
<i>to steal a march</i> upon one's political rivals.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>She yesterday wanted <i>to steal a march</i> of poor
Liddy.</blockquote> <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fifty thousand men can not easily <i>steal a march</i>
over the sea.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To filch; pilfer; purloin; thieve.</p>

<p><! p. 1408 !></p>

<p><hw>Steal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To practice, or be guilty of, theft; to commit larceny or
theft.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not <i>steal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xx.
15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw, or pass privily; to slip in,
along, or away, unperceived; to go or come furtively.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fixed of mind to avoid further entreaty, and to fly all
company, one night she <i>stole</i> away.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From whom you now must <i>steal</i>, and take no
leave.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A soft and solemn breathing sound<BR>
Rose like a steam of rich, distilled perfumes,<BR>
And <i>stole</i> upon the air.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who steals; a thief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>The endmost plank of
a strake which stops short of the stem or stern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of taking feloniously the personal property of another
without his consent and knowledge; theft; larceny.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is stolen; stolen property; --
chiefly used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steal"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By stealing, or
as by stealing, furtively, or by an invisible motion.</def>  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stealth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>staple</i>. See
<u>Steal</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of stealing; theft.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The owner proveth the <i>stealth</i> to have been
committed upon him by such an outlaw.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing stolen; stolen property.</def>
[Obs.] "Sluttish dens . . . serving to cover <i>stealths</i>."  <i>Sir
W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The bringing to pass anything in a secret
or concealed manner; a secret procedure; a clandestine practice or
action; -- in either a good or a bad sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do good by <i>stealth</i>, and blush to find it
fame.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The monarch, blinded with desire of wealth,<BR>
With steel invades the brother's life by <i>stealth</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I told him of your <i>stealth</i> unto this
wood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stealth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to
stealth; stealthy.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Stealth"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] -- <wf>Stealth"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stealth"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
stealthy manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stealth"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state,
quality, or character of being stealthy; stealth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stealth"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stealthy;
sly.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stealth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stealthier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stealthiest</u>.] <def>Done by stealth;
accomplished clandestinely; unperceived; secret; furtive;
sly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Withered murder] with his <i>stealthy</i> pace, . . .
<BR>
Moves like a ghost.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stem</i>,
<i>steem</i>, vapor, flame, AS. <i>ste&aacute;m</i> vapor, smoke,
odor; akin to D. <i>stoom</i> steam, perhaps originally, a pillar, or
something rising like a pillar; cf. Gr. &?; to erect, &?; a pillar,
and E. <i>stand</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The elastic,
a&euml;riform fluid into which water is converted when heated to the
boiling points; water in the state of vapor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mist formed by condensed vapor; visible
vapor; -- so called in popular usage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any exhalation.</def> "A <i>steam</i> og
rich, distilled perfumes."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Dry steam</b></col>, <cd>steam which does not contain water
held in suspension mechanically; -- sometimes applied to superheated
steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Exhaust steam</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Exhaust</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>High steam</b></col>, or <col><b>High-
pressure steam</b></col>, <cd>steam of which the pressure greatly
exceeds that of the atmosphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Low steam</b></col>,
or <col><b>Low-pressure steam</b></col>, <cd>steam of which the
pressure is less than, equal to, or not greatly above, that of the
atmosphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Saturated steam</b></col>, <cd>steam at
the temperature of the boiling point which corresponds to its
pressure; -- sometimes also applied to <i>wet steam</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Superheated steam</b></col>, <cd>steam heated to a temperature
higher than the boiling point corresponding to its pressure. It can
not exist in contact with water, nor contain water, and resembles a
perfect gas; -- called also <i>surcharged steam</i>, <i>anhydrous
steam</i>, and <i>steam gas</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wet steam</b></col>,
<cd>steam which contains water held in suspension mechanically; --
called also <i>misty steam</i>.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Steam</i> is often used adjectively, and in combination,
to denote, <i>produced by heat</i>, or <i>operated by power</i>,
<i>derived from steam</i>, in distinction from other sources of power;
as in <i>steam</i> boiler or <i>steam</i>-boiler, <i>steam</i> dredger
or <i>steam</i>-dredger, <i>steam</i> engine or <i>steam</i>-engine,
<i>steam</i> heat, <i>steam</i> plow or <i>steam</i>-plow, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Steam blower</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A blower
for producing a draught consisting of a jet or jets of steam in a
chimney or under a fire</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A fan blower
driven directly by a steam engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
boiler</b></col>, <cd>a boiler for producing steam. See <u>Boiler</u>,
3, and Note. In the illustration, the shell <i>a</i> of the boiler is
partly in section, showing the tubes, or flues, which the hot gases,
from the fire beneath the boiler, enter, after traversing the outside
of the shell, and through which the gases are led to the smoke pipe
<i>d</i>, which delivers them to the chimney; <i>b</i> is the manhole;
<i>c</i> the dome; <i>e</i> the steam pipe; <i>f</i> the feed and
blow-off pipe; <i>g</i> the safety value; <i>h</i>the water
gauge.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam car</b></col>, <cd>a car driven by steam
power, or drawn by a locomotive.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
carriage</b></col>, <cd>a carriage upon wheels moved on common roads
by steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam casing</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Steam
jacket</i>, under <u>Jacket</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
chest</b></col>, <cd>the box or chamber from which steam is
distributed to the cylinder of a steam engine, steam pump, etc., and
which usually contains one or more values; -- called also <i>valve
chest</i>, and <i>valve box</i>.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Slide
valve</i>, under <u>Slide</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
chimney</b></col>, <cd>an annular chamber around the chimney of a
boiler furnace, for drying steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
coil</b></col>, <cd>a coil of pipe, or collection of connected pipes,
for containing steam; -- used for heating, drying, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam colors</b></col> <i>(Calico Printing)</i>, <cd>colors in
which the chemical reaction fixed the coloring matter in the fiber is
produced by steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam cylinder</b></col>, <cd>the
cylinder of a steam engine, which contains the piston. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <i>Slide valve</i>, under <u>Slide</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam dome</b></col> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i>, <cd>a chamber
upon the top of the boiler, from which steam is conduced to the
engine. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Steam boiler</i>, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam fire engine</b></col>, <cd>a fire engine consisting of a
steam boiler and engine, and pump which is driven by the engine,
combined and mounted on wheels. It is usually drawn by horses, but is
sometimes made self-propelling.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
fitter</b></col>, <cd>a fitter of steam pipes.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
fitting</b></col>, <cd>the act or the occupation of a steam fitter;
also, a pipe fitting for steam pipes.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
gas</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Superheated steam</i>, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam gauge</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for indicating the
pressure of the steam in a boiler. The <i>mercurial steam gauge</i> is
a bent tube partially filled with mercury, one end of which is
connected with the boiler while the other is open to the air, so that
the steam by its pressure raises the mercury in the long limb of the
tume to a height proportioned to that pressure. A more common form,
especially for high pressures, consists of a spring pressed upon by
the steam, and connected with the pointer of a dial. The spring may be
a flattened, bent tube, closed at one end, which the entering steam
tends to straighten, or it may be a diaphragm of elastic metal, or a
mass of confined air, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam gun</b></col>, <cd>a
machine or contrivance from which projectiles may be thrown by the
elastic force of steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam hammer</b></col>, <cd>a
hammer for forging, which is worked directly by steam; especially, a
hammer which is guided vertically and operated by a vertical steam
cylinder located directly over an anvil. In the variety known as
<i>Nasmyth's</i>, the cylinder is fixed, and the hammer is attached to
the piston rod. In that known as <i>Condie's</i>, the piston is fixed,
and the hammer attached to the lower end of the cylinder.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam heater</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A radiator
heated by steam</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An apparatus consisting
of a steam boiler, radiator, piping, and fixures for warming a house
by steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam jacket</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Jacket</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam packet</b></col>, <cd>a packet or
vessel propelled by steam, and running periodically between certain
ports.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam pipe</b></col>, <cd>any pipe for
conveying steam; specifically, a pipe through which steam is supplied
to an engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam plow</b></col> or
<col><b>plough</b></col>, <cd>a plow, or gang of plows, moved by a
steam engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam port</b></col>, <cd>an opening for
steam to pass through, as from the steam chest into the cylinder.</cd>
-- <col><b>Steam power</b></col>, <cd>the force or energy of steam
applied to produce results; power derived from a steam engine.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam propeller</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Propeller</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam pump</b></col>, <cd>a small pumping engine operated by
steam. It is usually direct-acting.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam
room</b></col> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i>, <cd>the space in the boiler
above the water level, and in the dome, which contains steam.</cd> --
<col><b>Steam table</b></col>, <cd>a table on which are dishes heated
by steam for keeping food warm in the carving room of a hotel,
restaurant, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam trap</b></col>, <cd>a self-
acting device by means of which water that accumulates in a pipe or
vessel containing steam will be discharged without permitting steam to
escape.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam tug</b></col>, <cd>a steam vessel used
in towing or propelling ships.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam vessel</b></col>,
<cd>a vessel propelled by steam; a steamboat or steamship; -- a
steamer.</cd> -- <col><b>Steam whistle</b></col>, <cd>an apparatus
attached to a steam boiler, as of a locomotive, through which steam is
rapidly discharged, producing a loud whistle which serves as a warning
signal. The steam issues from a narrow annular orifice around the
upper edge of the lower cup or hemisphere, striking the thin edge of
the bell above it, and producing sound in the manner of an organ pipe
or a common whistle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steam</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Steamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Steaming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To emit steam or
vapor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My brother's ghost hangs hovering there,<BR>
O'er his warm blood, that <i>steams</i> into the air.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the crude humors dance<BR>
In heated brass, <i>steaming</i> with fire intence.</blockquote> <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rise in vapor; to issue, or pass off, as
vapor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dissolved amber . . . <i>steamed</i> away into the
air.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move or travel by the agency of
steam.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vessel <i>steamed</i> out of port.</blockquote>
<i>N. P. Willis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To generate steam; as, the boiler
<i>steams</i> well.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steam</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To exhale.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expose to the action of steam; to apply
steam to for softening, dressing, or preparing; as, to <i>steam</i>
wood; to <i>steam</i>cloth; to <i>steam</i> food, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steam"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boat or
vessel propelled by steam power; -- generally used of river or
coasting craft, as distinguished from ocean steamers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steam"boat`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The occupation or business of running a steamboat, or of
transporting merchandise, passengers, etc., by steamboats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bookbinding)</i> <def>The shearing of a pile
of books which are as yet uncovered, or out of boards.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steam" en"gine</hw> (?). <def>An engine moved by
steam.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In its most common forms its essential parts are a
<i>piston</i>, a <i>cylinder</i>, and a <i>valve gear</i>. The piston
works in the cylinder, to which steam is admitted by the action of the
valve gear, and communicates motion to the machinery to be actuated.
Steam engines are thus classified: 1. According to the wat the steam
is used or applied, as <i>condencing</i>, <i>noncondencing</i>,
<i>compound</i>, <i>double-acting</i>, <i>single-acting</i>,
<i>triple-expansion</i>, etc. 2. According to the motion of the
piston, as <i>reciprocating</i>, <i>rotary</i>, etc. 3. According to
the motion imparted by the engine, as <i>rotative</i> and
<i>nonrotative</i>. 4. According to the arrangement of the engine, as
<i>stationary</i>, <i>portable</i>, and <i>semiportable</i> engines,
<i>beam</i> engine, <i>oscillating</i> engine, <i>direct-acting</i>
and <i>back-acting</i> engines, etc. 5. According to their uses, as
<i>portable</i>, <i>marine</i>, <i>locomotive</i>, <i>pumping</i>,
<i>blowing</i>, <i>winding</i>, and <i>stationary</i> engines.
<i>Locomotive</i> and <i>portable</i> engines are usually high-
pressure, noncondencing, rotative, and direct-acting. <i>Marine</i>
engines are high or low pressure, rotative, and generally condencing,
double-acting, and compound. <i>Paddle</i> engines are generally beam,
side&?;lever, oscillating, or direct-acting. <i>Screw</i> engines are
generally direct-acting, back-acting, or oscillating.
<i>Stationary</i> engines belong to various classes, but are generally
rotative. A horizontal or inclined stationary steam engine is called a
<i>left-hand</i> or a <i>right-hand</i> engine when the crank shaft
and driving pulley are on the left-hand side, or the right-hand side,
respectively, or the engine, to a person looking at them from the
cylinder, and is said to run <i>forward</i> or <i>backward</i> when
the crank traverses the upward half, or lower half, respectively, of
its path, while the piston rod makes its stroke outward from the
cylinder. A marine engine, or the engine of a locomotive, is said to
run forward when its motion is such as would propel the vessel or the
locomotive forward. Steam engines are further classified as <i>double-
cylinder</i>, <i>disk</i>, <i>semicylinder</i>, <i>trunk</i> engines,
etc. Machines, such as cranes, hammers, etc., of which the steam
engine forms a part, are called <i>steam cranes</i>, <i>steam
hammers</i>, etc. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</p>

<p><col><b>Back-acting</b></col>, or <col><b>Back-action</b></col>,
<col><b>steam engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine in which the motion
is transmitted backward from the crosshead to a crank which is between
the crosshead and the cylinder, or beyond the cylinder.</cd> --
<col><b>Portable steam engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine combined
with, and attached to, a boiler which is mounted on wheels so as to
admit of easy transportation; -- used for driving machinery in the
field, as trashing machines, draining pumps, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Semiportable steam engine</b></col>, <cd>a steam engine
combined with, and attached to, a steam boiler, but not mounted on
wheels.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steam"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A vessel propelled by steam; a steamship or steamboat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A steam fire engine. See under
<u>Steam</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A road locomotive for use on common roads,
as in agricultural operations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A vessel in which articles are subjected to
the action of steam, as in washing, in cookery, and in various
processes of manufacture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The steamer
duck.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Steamer duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a sea duck
(<i>Tachyeres cinereus</i>), native of Patagonia and Terra del Fuego,
which swims and dives with great agility, but which, when full grown,
is incapable of flight, owing to its very small wings. Called also
<i>loggerhead</i>, <i>race horse</i>, and <i>side wheel
duck</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steam"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being steamy; vaporousness; mistness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steam"ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ship or
seagoing vessel propelled by the power of steam; a steamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steam"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or
resembling, steam; full of steam; vaporous; misty.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Steen</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stean"ingp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Steening</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*ap"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol
Chem.)</i> <def>An unorganized ferment or enzyme present in pancreatic
juice. It decomposes neutral fats into glycerin and fatty
acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"a*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of stearic acid; as, ordinary soap consists largely of sodium or
potassium <i>stearates</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1409 !></p>

<p><hw>Ste*ar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>st&eacute;arique</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or obtained from, stearin or tallow; resembling tallow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stearic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a monobasic
fatty acid, obtained in the form of white crystalline scales, soluble
in alcohol and ether. It melts to an oily liquid at 69&deg;C.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ste"a*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; tallow, suet:
cf. F. <i>st&eacute;arine</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>One of
the constituents of animal fats and also of some vegetable fats, as
the butter of cacao. It is especially characterized by its solidity,
so that when present in considerable quantity it materially increases
the hardness, or raises the melting point, of the fat, as in mutton
tallow. Chemically, it is a compound of glyceryl with three molecules
of stearic acid, and hence is technically called <i>tristearin</i>, or
<i>glyceryl tristearate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`a*rol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stear</i>ic +
<i>ol</i>eic + <i>-ic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, an acid of the acetylene series, isologous with stearis
acid, and obtained, as a white crystalline substance, from ole&iuml;c
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"a*rone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The ketone of stearic acid, obtained as a white crystalline
substance, (C<sub>17</sub>H<sub>35</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.CO, by the
distillation of calcium stearate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`a*rop"tene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stear</i>ic +
<i>-optene</i> as in el&aelig;<i>optene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
more solid ingredient of certain volatile oils; -- contrasted with
<i>el&aelig;optene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ste`ar*rhe"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; tallow + &?; to flow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>seborrhea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"a*ryl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stear</i>ic + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical characteristic
of stearic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"a*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, fat,
tallow: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;atite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A massive
variety of talc, of a grayish green or brown color. It forms extensive
beds, and is quarried for fireplaces and for coarse utensils. Called
also <i>potstone</i>, <i>lard stone</i>, and
<i>soapstone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`a*tit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or of the nature of, steatite; containing or
resembling steatite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ste`a*to"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to turn into tallow or suet, fr. &?;, &?;, fat, suet.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cyst containing matter like suet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`a*tom"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of the nature of steatoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ste`a*top"y*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, fat + &?; the buttocks.] <def>A remarkable accretion of fat
upon the buttocks of Africans of certain tribes, especially of
Hottentot women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`a*top"y*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having fat
buttocks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Specimens of the <i>steatopygous</i> Abyssinian
breed.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sted</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Sted"fast</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Sted"fast*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>,
etc. <def>See <u>Stead</u>, <u>Steadfast</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>stiege</i>.
&radic;164. See <u>Stair</u>.] <def>A ladder.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.] [Written also <i>stey</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Steed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stede</i>, AS.
<i>st&emacr;da</i> a stud-horse, war horse, fr. <i>st&omacr;d</i> a
stud of breeding steeds; akin to G. <i>stute</i> a mare, Icel.
<i>stedda</i>, <i>st&omacr;&?;</i>, a stud. &radic;163. See
<u>Stud</u> of horses.] <def>A horse, especially a spirited horse for
state of war; -- used chiefly in poetry or stately prose.</def> "A
knight upon a <i>steed</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mounted upon a hot and fiery <i>steed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steed"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no steed;
without a horse.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Steek</hw>, <hw>Steik</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Cf. <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To pierce with a
sharp instrument; hence, to stitch; to sew; also, to fix; to
fasten.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Steel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&emacr;l</i>,
<i>st&ymacr;l</i>, <i>st&ymacr;le</i>; akin to D. <i>staal</i>, G.
<i>stahl</i>, OHG. <i>stahal</i>, Icel. <i>st&amacr;l</i>, Dan.
<i>staal</i>, Sw. <i>st&aring;l</i>, Old Prussian <i>stakla</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metal)</i> <def>A variety of iron intermediate
in composition and properties between wrought iron and cast iron
(containing between one half of one per cent and one and a half per
cent of carbon), and consisting of an alloy of iron with an iron
carbide. Steel, unlike wrought iron, can be tempered, and retains
magnetism. Its malleability decreases, and fusibility increases, with
an increase in carbon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument or implement made of
steel</def>; as: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A weapon, as a sword, dagger, etc.</def>
"Brave Macbeth . . . with his brandished <i>steel</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While doubting thus he stood,<BR>
Received the <i>steel</i> bathed in his brother's blood.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument of steel (usually a round
rod) for sharpening knives.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A piece of steel for striking sparks from
flint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Anything of extreme hardness; that
which is characterized by sternness or rigor.</def> "Heads of
<i>steel</i>." <i>Johnson.</i> "Manhood's heart of <i>steel</i>."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A chalybeate medicine.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Steel</i> is often used in the formation of compounds,
generally of obvious meaning; as, <i>steel</i>-clad, <i>steel</i>-
girt, <i>steel</i>-hearted, <i>steel</i>-plated, <i>steel</i>-pointed,
etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Bessemer steel</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i> <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Blister steel</b></col>. <i>(Metal.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Blister</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Cast steel</b></col>
<i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a fine variety of steel, originally made by
smelting blister or cementation steel; hence, ordinarily, steel of any
process of production when remelted and cast.</cd> -- <col><b>Cromium
steel</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a hard, tenacious variety
containing a little cromium, and somewhat resembling <i>tungsten
steel</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mild steel</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a
kind of steel having a lower proportion of carbon than ordinary steel,
rendering it softer and more malleable.</cd> -- <col><b>Puddled
steel</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a variety of steel produced from
cast iron by the puddling process.</cd> -- <col><b>Steel
duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the goosander, or
merganser.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Steel mill</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Firearms)</i> <cd>See <i>Wheel lock</i>, under
<u>Wheel</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A mill which has steel
grinding surfaces</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A mill where steel is
manufactured.</cd> -- <col><b>Steel trap</b></col>, <cd>a trap for
catching wild animals. It consists of two iron jaws, which close by
means of a powerful steel spring when the animal disturbs the catch,
or tongue, by which they are kept open.</cd> -- <col><b>Steel
wine</b></col>, <cd>wine, usually sherry, in which steel filings have
been placed for a considerable time, -- used as a medicine.</cd> --
<col><b>Tincture of steel</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an alcoholic
solution of the chloride of iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Tungsten
steel</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>a variety of steel containing a
small amount of tungsten, and noted for its tenacity and hardness, as
well as for its malleability and tempering qualities. It is also noted
for its magnetic properties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Steeled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Steeling</u>.] [AS. <i>stlan</i>: cf. Icel. <i>st&aelig;la</i>. See
<u>Steel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
overlay, point, or edge with steel; as, to <i>steel</i> a razor; to
<i>steel</i> an ax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make hard or strong; hence, to make
insensible or obdurate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lies well <i>steeled</i> with weighty
arguments.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O God of battles! <i>steel</i> my soldier's
hearts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why will you fight against so sweet a passion,<BR>
And <i>steel</i> your heart to such a world of charms?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To cause to resemble steel, as in
smoothness, polish, or other qualities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These waters, <i>steeled</i><BR>
By breezeless air to smoothest polish.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To cover, as an electrotype
plate, with a thin layer of iron by electrolysis. The iron thus
deposited is very hard, like steel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"bow` goods"</hw> (?). <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>Those goods
on a farm, such as corn, cattle, implements husbandry, etc., which may
not be carried off by a removing tenant, as being the property of the
landlord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who points,
edges, or covers with steel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Stealer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A North Pacific salmon (<i>Salmo
Gairdneri</i>) found from Northern California to Siberia; -- called
also <i>hardhead</i>, and <i>preesil</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ruddy
duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being steely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of
pointing, edging, or overlaying with steel; specifically, acierage.
See <u>Steel</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Steel"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Made of steel; consisting of steel.</def> "The <i>steely</i>
point of Clifford's lance."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Around his shop the <i>steely</i> sparkles
flew.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling steel; hard; firm; having the
color of steel.</def> "His hair was <i>steely</i> gray."  <i>The
Century.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She would unarm her noble heart of that <i>steely</i>
resistance against the sweet blows of love.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Steely iron</b></col>, <cd>a compound of iron containing
less than one half of one per cent of carbon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steel"yard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from a
place in London called the <i>Steelyard</i>, which was a yard in which
steel was sold.] <def>A form of balance in which the body to be
weighed is suspended from the shorter arm of a lever, which turns on a
fulcrum, and a counterpoise is caused to slide upon the longer arm to
produce equilibrium, its place upon this arm (which is notched or
graduated) indicating the weight; a Roman balance; -- very commonly
used also in the plural form, <i>steelyards</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Esteem</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steem</hw>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See 1st and 2nd
<u>Stem</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&?;na</i>. See
<u>Stone</u>.] [Written also <i>stean</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
vessel of clay or stone.</def> "An huge great earth-pot
<i>steane</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wall of brick, stone, or cement, used as
a lining, as of a well, cistern, etc.; a steening.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&?;nan</i> to
adorn with stones or gems. See <u>Stone</u>.] <def>To line, as a well,
with brick, stone, or other hard material.</def> [Written also
<i>stean</i>, and <i>stein</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Steen"bok`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>steen</i>
stone + <i>bok</i> buck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Steinbock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steen"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lining made of
brick, stone, or other hard material, as for a well.</def> [Written
also <i>steaning</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Steen"kirk`</hw> (?), <hw>Stein"kirk`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the battle of <i>Steinkirk</i>,
in 1692, on which occasion the French nobles had no time to arrange
their lace neckcloths.] <def>A kind of neckcloth worn in a loose and
disorderly fashion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steep</hw> (st&emacr;p), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bright;
glittering; fiery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His eyen <i>steep</i>, and rolling in his
head.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Steeped</u> (st&emacr;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Steeping</u>.] [OE. <i>stepen</i>, probably fr. Icel.
<i>steypa</i> to cause to stoop, cast down, pour out, to cast metals,
causative of <i>st&umacr;pa</i> to stoop; cf. Sw. <i>st&ouml;pa</i> to
cast, to steep, Dan. <i>st&ouml;be</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>stippen</i> to
steep, to dip.  Cf. <u>Stoop</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To
soak in a liquid; to macerate; to extract the essence of by soaking;
as, to soften seed by <i>steeping</i> it in water. Often used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let fancy still my sense in Lethe
<i>steep</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In refreshing dew to <i>steep</i><BR>
The little, trembling flowers.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The learned of the nation were <i>steeped</i> in
Latin.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To undergo the process
of soaking in a liquid; as, the tea is <i>steeping</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Steep</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something steeped, or used in steeping; a fertilizing liquid to
hasten the germination of seeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rennet bag.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Steep</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Comper.</i></pos>
<u>Steeper</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Steepest</u>.] [OE.
<i>steep</i>, <i>step</i>, AS. <i>ste&aacute;p</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>steyp&?;r</i> steep, and <i>st&umacr;pa</i> to stoop, Sw.
<i>stupa</i> to fall, to tilt; cf. OFries. <i>stap</i> high.  Cf.
<u>Stoop</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Steep</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, <u>Steeple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Making a large
angle with the plane of the horizon; ascending or descending rapidly
with respect to a horizontal line or a level; precipitous; as, a
<i>steep</i> hill or mountain; a <i>steep</i> roof; a <i>steep</i>
ascent; a <i>steep</i> declivity; a <i>steep</i> barometric
gradient.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Difficult of access; not easy reached;
lofty; elevated; high.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Excessive; as, a <i>steep</i> price.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Steep</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A precipitous place,
hill, mountain, rock, or ascent; any elevated object sloping with a
large angle to the plane of the horizon; a precipice.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We had on each side naked rocks and mountains broken
into a thousand irregular <i>steeps</i> and precipices.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bare <i>steeps</i>, where desolation
stalks.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"-down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deep and
precipitous, having steep descent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wash me in <i>steep-down</i> gulfs of liquid
fire.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Steepened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Steepening</u>.] <def>To become steep or steeper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As the way <i>steepened</i> . . . I could detect in the
hollow of the hill some traces of the old path.</blockquote> <i>H.
Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel, vat, or
cistern, in which things are steeped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steep"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Steepness.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat steep.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stee"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stepel</i>, AS.
<i>st&emacr;pel</i>, <i>st&?;pel</i>; akin to E. <i>steep</i>, a.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A spire; also, the tower and spire taken together;
the whole of a structure if the roof is of spire form. See
<u>Spire</u>.</def> "A weathercock on a <i>steeple</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rood steeple</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Rood tower</i>, under
<u>Rood</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Steeple bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a low shrub (<i>Spir&aelig;a tomentosa</i>) having dense panicles
of minute rose-colored flowers; hardhack.</cd> -- <col><b>Steeple
chase</b></col>, <cd>a race across country between a number of
horsemen, to see which can first reach some distant object, as a
church steeple; hence, a race over a prescribed course obstructed by
such obstacles as one meets in riding across country, as hedges,
walls, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Steeple chaser</b></col>, <cd>one who
rides in a steeple chase; also, a horse trained to run in a steeple
chase.</cd> -- <col><b>Steeple engine</b></col>, <cd>a vertical back-
acting steam engine having the cylinder beneath the crosshead.</cd> --
<col><b>Steeple house</b></col>, <cd>a church.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stee"ple*chas`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of riding steeple chases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stee"ple-crowned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bearing a steeple; as, a <i>steeple-
crowned</i> building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a crown shaped like a steeple; as, a
<i>steeple-crowned</i> hat; also, wearing a hat with such a
crown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This grave, beared, sable-cloaked, and <i>steeple-
crowned</i> progenitor.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stee"pled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with,
or having the form of, a steeple; adorned with steeples.</def>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a steep
manner; with steepness; with precipitous declivity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steep"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Quality or state of being steep; precipitous declivity; as, the
<i>steepness</i>of a hill or a roof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Height; loftiness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lofty and
precipitous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her stand she takes upon a <i>steep-up</i>
hill.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steep"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Steep;
precipitous.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>No more, my goats, shall I belong you climb<BR>
The <i>steepy</i> cliffs, or crop the flow'ry thyme.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>steer</i>, AS.
<i>ste&oacute;r</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>stier</i> a bull, OHG.
<i>stior</i>, Icel. <i>stj&omacr;rr</i>, <i>&?;j&omacr;rr</i>, Sw.
<i>tjur</i>, Dan. <i>tyr</i>, Goth. <i>stiur</i>, Russ. <i>tur'</i>,
Pol. <i>tur</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>tarbh</i>, W. <i>tarw</i>, L.
<i>taurus</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>sth&?;ra</i> strong, stout, AS.
<i>stor</i> large, Icel. <i>st&omacr;rr</i>, OHG. <i>st&?;ri</i>,
<i>stiuri</i>. &radic;168.  Cf. <u>Stirk</u>, <u>Taurine</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A young male of the ox kind; especially, a
common ox; a castrated taurine male from two to four years old. See
the Note under <u>Ox</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To castrate; -- said
of male calves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Steered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Steering</u>.] [OE. <i>steeren</i>, <i>steren</i>, AS.
<i>sti&eacute;ran</i>, <i>st&?;ran</i>, <i>ste&oacute;ran</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>stiora</i>, <i>stiura</i>, D. <i>sturen</i>, OD.
<i>stieren</i>, G. <i>steuren</i>, OHG. <i>stiuren</i> to direct,
support, G. <i>steuer</i> contribution, tax, Icel. <i>st&?;ra</i> to
steer, govern,Sw. <i>styra</i>, Dan. <i>styre</i>, Goth.
<i>stiurjan</i> to establish, AS. <i>ste&oacute;r</i> a rudder, a
helm, and probably to Icel. <i>staurr</i> a pale, stake, Gr. &?;, and
perhaps ultimately to E. <i>stand</i>. &radic;168.  Cf.
<u>Starboard</u>, <u>Stern</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To direct
the course of; to guide; to govern; -- applied especially to a vessel
in the water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That with a staff his feeble steps did
<i>steer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
direct a vessel in its course; to direct one's course.</def> "No
helmsman <i>steers</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be directed and governed; to take a
direction, or course; to obey the helm; as, the boat <i>steers</i>
easily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the wind<BR>
Veers oft, as oft [a ship] so <i>steers</i>, and shifts her
sail.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To conduct one's self; to take or pursue a
course of action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ste&oacute;r</i>,
<i>sti&oacute;r</i>; akin to D. <i>stuur</i>, G. <i>steuer</i>, Icel.
<i>st&?;ri</i>. &radic;186. See <u>Steer</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
[Written also <i>stere</i>.] <def>A rudder or helm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ste&oacute;ra</i>. See
<u>Steer</u> a rudder.] <def>A helmsman, a pilot.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steer"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being steered; dirigible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steer"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or practice of steering, or directing; as, the
<i>steerage</i> of a ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He left the city, and, in a most tempestuous season,
forsook the helm and <i>steerage</i> of the common
wealth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
effect of the helm on a ship; the manner in which an individual ship
is affected by the helm.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The hinder
part of a vessel; the stern.</def> [R.] <i>Swift.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Properly, the space in the after part of a
vessel, under the cabin, but used generally to indicate any part of a
vessel having the poorest accommodations and occupied by passengers
paying the lowest rate of fare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Direction; regulation; management;
guidance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that hath the <i>steerage</i> of my
course.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That by which a course is directed.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here he hung on high,<BR>
The <i>steerage</i> of his wings.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Steerage passenger</b></col>, <cd>a passenger who takes
passage in the steerage of a vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steer"age*way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A rate of motion through the water sufficient to render a vessel
governable by the helm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steer"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who steers;
as, a boat <i>steerer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steer"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Steer</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Steering wheel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the wheel by
means of which the rudder of a vessel is turned and the vessel is
steered.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Steer"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
rudder.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steer"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young or small
steer.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1410 !></p>

<p><hw>Steers"man</hw> (st&emacr;rz"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Steersmen</b></plw> (-m<i>e</i>n). [<i>Steer</i> a
rudder + <i>man</i>: cf. AS. <i>ste&oacute;rmann</i>.] <def>One who
steers; the helmsman of a vessel.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steers"mate</hw> (-m&amacr;t`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Steer</i> a rudder + <i>mate</i> a companion.] <def>One who
steers; steersman.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steeve</hw> (st&emacr;v), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Steeved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Steeving</u>.] [Cf. OD. <i>steve</i> staff, E.
<i>stem</i>, n.] <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>To project upward, or make
an angle with the horizon or with the line of a vessel's keel; -- said
of the bowsprit, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steeve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>To elevate or fix at an angle with the
horizon; -- said of the bowsprit, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stow, as bales in a vessel's hold, by
means of a steeve. See <u>Steeve</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steeve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The angle which a bowsprit makes with the
horizon, or with the line of the vessel's keel; -- called also
<i>steeving</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A spar, with a block
at one end, used in stowing cotton bales, and similar kinds of cargo
which need to be packed tightly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steev"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or practice of one who steeves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <u>Steeve</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steg</hw> (st&ebreve;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>steggr</i> the male of several animals.  Cf. <u>Stag</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gander.</def> [Written also <i>stag</i>.]
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Steg`a*nog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in steganography; a cryptographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steg`a*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
covered (fr. &?; to cover closely) + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The art of
writing in cipher, or in characters which are not intelligible except
to persons who have the key; cryptography.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Steg`a*noph*thal"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., from Gr. &?; covered + &?; the eye.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Discophora, or Phanerocarp&aelig;. Called also
<i>Steganophthalmia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*gan"o*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Steganopodes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Steg`a*nop"o*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, web-footed; &?; covered + &?; foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of swimming birds in which all four toes are united by
a broad web. It includes the pelicans, cormorants, gannets, and
others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steg`a*nop"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having all four toes webbed
together.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Steg*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.
See <u>Stegnotic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Constipation; also,
constriction of the vessels or ducts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steg*no"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
cover, to make costive, fr. &?;, &?;, covered, closed.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Tending to render costive, or to diminish excretions or
discharges generally.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stegnotic
medicine; an astringent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Steg`o*ceph"a*la</hw>
(st&ebreve;g`&osl;*s&ecf;f"&adot;*l&adot;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ste`gh</grk> roof + <grk>kefalh`</grk> head.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order of amphibians found fossil in
the Mesozoic rocks; called also <i>Stegocephali</i>, and
<i>Labyrinthodonta</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Their teeth, in transverse sections, usually show a
labyrinthiform arrangement of the cement and dentine.  The under side
of the body was covered with bony plates.  Some of the Stegocephala
were of very large size, and the form of the body varied from short,
stout forms to others that were as slender as serpents.</p>

<p><hw>||Steg`o*sau"ri*a</hw> (-s&add;"r&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Stegosaurus</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An
extinct order of herbivorous dinosaurs, including the genera
<i>Stegosaurus</i>, <i>Omosaurus</i>, and their allies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Steg`o*sau"rus</hw> (-r&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>ste`gh</grk> roof + <grk>say^ros</grk> a lizard.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of large Jurassic dinosaurs remarkable
for a powerful dermal armature of plates and spines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steik</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Steek</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Stein</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Steen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stein"bock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>stein</i>
stone + <i>bock</i> buck, D. <i>bok</i>.  Cf. <u>Steenbok</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The European ibex.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small South African antelope (<i>Nanotragus
tragulus</i>) which frequents dry, rocky districts; -- called also
<i>steenbok</i>.</def> [Written also <i>steinboc</i>, and
<i>steinbok</i>; also called <i>stonebock</i>, and
<i>stonebuck</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stein"gale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
stannel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stein"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Steening</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stein"kirk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Steenkirk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stein"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
wheater.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ste"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stel&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., from Gr. &?; a post, an
upright stone.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A small column or pillar,
used as a monument, milestone, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ste"le</hw> (st&emacr;"l&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Same as <u>Stela</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of these <i>steles</i>, containing the Greek
version of the ordinance, has recently been discovered.</blockquote>
<i>I. Taylor (The Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><hw>Stele</hw> (st&emacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stale</u>
a handle.] <def>A stale, or handle; a stalk.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ste"lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stela</u>.]
<def>Resembling, or used as, a stela; columnar.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stellan</i>.
&radic;163.] <def>To place or fix firmly or permanently.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stell</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prop; a support, as for the
feet in standing or cilmbing.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A partial inclosure made by a wall or
trees, to serve as a shelter for sheep or cattle.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Stel"lar</hw> (?), <hw>Stel"la*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stellaris</i>, fr. <i>stella</i> a star.
See <u>Star</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to stars;
astral; as, a <i>stellar</i> figure; <i>stellary</i> orbs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[These soft fires] in part shed down<BR>
Their <i>stellar</i> virtue.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of stars; starry; as, <i>stellar</i>
regions.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stel"late</hw> (?), <hw>Stel"la*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stellatus</i>, p. p. of <i>stellare</i> to
set or cover with stars, from <i>stella</i> a star. See
<u>Stellar</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a star; pointed or
radiated, like the emblem of a star.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Starlike; having similar
parts radiating from a common center; as, <i>stellate</i>
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Radiation of
light.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stelled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stell</u> to
place.] <def>Firmly placed or fixed.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>stelled</i>
fires" [the stars]. <i>Shak.</i> [In this passage by some defined as
"starry," as if from <i>stellatus</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stel"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After Geo. W.
<i>Steller</i>, a German naturalist.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>The
rytina; -- called also <i>stellerine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel"ler*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stella</i> a
star.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A starfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stel*ler"i*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive group of echinoderms, comprising
the starfishes and ophiurans.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stel*ler"i*dan</hw> (?), <hw>Stel`ler*id"e*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A starfish, or brittle
star.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stellifer</i>; <i>stella</i> star + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<def>Having, or abounding with, stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stella</i> a
star + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Like a star; star-shaped;
radiated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel"li*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>stella</i>
a star + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To turn into a star; to cause to appear
like a star; to place among the stars, or in heaven.</def> [Obs. or
R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stel"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stellio</i> a
newt having starlike spots on its back, fr. <i>stella</i> a star.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lizard (<i>Stellio vulgaris</i>), common
about the Eastern Mediterranean among ruins. In color it is olive-
green, shaded with black, with small stellate spots. Called also
<i>hardim</i>, and <i>star lizard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel"lion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stellionatus</i> cozenage, trickery, fr. <i>stellio</i> a newt, a
crafty, knavish person.] <i>(Scots &amp; Roman Law)</i> <def>Any fraud not
distinguished by a more special name; -- chiefly applied to sales of
the same property to two different persons, or selling that for one's
own which belongs to another, etc.</def>  <i>Erskine.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stel"lu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stellula</i>,
dim. of <i>stella</i> a star.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the
shape or appearance of little stars; radiated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Marked with starlike spots of
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stel"lu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Minutely stellate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stel`ma*top"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a block, post + &?;, &?;, eye + &?;, &?;, foot.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Gymnol&aelig;mata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*log"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a post,
slab, pillar + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. Gr. &?; an inscription on a
tablet.] <def>The art of writing or inscribing characters on
pillars.</def> [R.]  <i>Stackhouse.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stem</hw> (?), <hw>Steem</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To gleam.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His head bald, that shone as any glass, . . . <BR>
[And] <i>stemed</i> as a furnace of a leed [caldron].</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stem</hw>, <hw>Steem</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
gleam of light; flame.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stem</hw> (st&ebreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>stemn</i>, <i>stefn</i>, <i>st&aelig;fn</i>; akin to OS.
<i>stamn</i> the stem of a ship, D. <i>stam</i> stem, <i>steven</i>
stem of a ship, G. <i>stamm</i> stem, <i>steven</i> stem of a ship,
Icel. <i>stafn</i>, <i>stamn</i>, stem of a ship, <i>stofn</i>,
<i>stomn</i>, stem, Sw. <i>stam</i> a tree trunk, Dan. <i>stamme</i>.
Cf. <u>Staff</u>, <u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The principal
body of a tree, shrub, or plant, of any kind; the main stock; the part
which supports the branches or the head or top.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After they are shot up thirty feet in length, they
spread a very large top, having no bough nor twig in the trunk or the
<i>stem</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lowering spring, with lavish rain,<BR>
Beats down the slender <i>stem</i> and breaded grain.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A little branch which connects a fruit,
flower, or leaf with a main branch; a peduncle, pedicel, or petiole;
as, the <i>stem</i> of an apple or a cherry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The stock of a family; a race or generation
of progenitors.</def> "All that are of noble <i>stem</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While I do pray, learn here thy <i>stem</i><BR>
And true descent.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A branch of a family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is a <i>stem</i><BR>
Of that victorious stock.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A curved piece of timber to
which the two sides of a ship are united at the fore end. The lower
end of it is scarfed to the keel, and the bowsprit rests upon its
upper end. Hence, the forward part of a vessel; the bow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: An advanced or leading position; the
lookout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wolsey sat at the <i>stem</i> more than twenty
years.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Anything resembling a stem or stalk; as,
the <i>stem</i> of a tobacco pipe; the <i>stem</i> of a watch case, or
that part to which the ring, by which it is suspended, is
attached.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That part of a plant which
bears leaves, or rudiments of leaves, whether rising above ground or
wholly subterranean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
entire central axis of a feather.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
basal portion of the body of one of the Pennatulacea, or of a
gorgonian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The short perpendicular line
added to the body of a note; the tail of a crotchet, quaver,
semiquaver, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The part of an inflected
word which remains unchanged (except by euphonic variations)
throughout a given inflection; theme; base.</def></p>

<p><col><b>From stem to stern</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>from one
end of the ship to the other, or through the whole length.</cd> --
<col><b>Stem leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leaf growing from the
stem of a plant, as contrasted with a basal or radical leaf.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
remove the stem or stems from; as, to <i>stem</i> cherries; to remove
the stem and its appendages (ribs and veins) from; as, to <i>stem</i>
tobacco leaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ram, as clay, into a blasting
hole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stemmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stemming</u>.] [Either from <i>stem</i>, n., or akin to
<i>stammer</i>; cf. G. <i>stemmen</i> to press against.] <def>To
oppose or cut with, or as with, the stem of a vessel; to resist, or
make progress against; to stop or check the flow of, as a
current.</def> "An argosy to <i>stem</i> the waves."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] <i>stem</i> the flood with their erected
breasts.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stemmed</i> the wild torrent of a barbarous
age.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stem</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move forward against
an obstacle, as a vessel against a current.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stemming</i> nightly toward the pole.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stem"-clasp`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Embracing the stem with its base; amplexicaul, as a leaf or
petiole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no stem;
<i>(Bot.)</i> acaulescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small or young
stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stem"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stemmata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, pl. &?;, a garland
or chaplet.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the
ocelli of an insect. See <u>Ocellus</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the facets of a compound eye of any arthropod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stems (in any of the senses of the verbs).</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem"mer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large building
in which tobacco is stemmed.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stem"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in stems,
or mixed with stems; -- said of tea, dried currants, etc.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Stem"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>stempel</i> a
stamp, a prop, akin to E. <i>stamp</i>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
crossbar of wood in a shaft, serving as a step.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stem</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Keelson</u>, and cf. <u>Sternson</u>.]
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A piece of curved timber bolted to the
stem, keelson, and apron in a ship's frame near the bow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stem"-wind`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stem-
winding watch.</def> [Colloq.]
</p>

<p><hw>Stem"-wind`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wound by
mechanism connected with the stem; as, a <i>stem-winding</i>
watch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stench</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stanch.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stench</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stenc</i> a strong
smell, fr. <i>stincan</i>. See <u>Stink</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A smell; an odor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Clouds of savory <i>stench</i> involve the
sky.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ill smell; an offensive odor; a
stink.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stench trap</b></col>, <cd>a contrivance to prevent stench
or foul air from rising from the openings of sewers, drains,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stench</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stencan</i> to
emit a smell, fr. <i>stincan</i> to smell. See <u>Stench</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To cause to emit a disagreeable odor; to
cause to stink.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stench"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
stench.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sten"cil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from OF.
<i>estincelle</i> spangle, spark, F. <i>&eacute;tincelle</i> spark, L.
<i>scintilla</i>. See <u>Scintillate</u>, and cf. <u>Tinsel</u>.]
<def>A thin plate of metal, leather, or other material, used in
painting, marking, etc. The pattern is cut out of the plate, which is
then laid flat on the surface to be marked, and the color brushed over
it. Called also <i>stencil plate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten"cil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stenciled</u> (?) or <u>Stencilled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Stenciling</u> or <u>Stencilling</u>.] <def>To
mark, paint, or color in figures with stencils; to form or print by
means of a stencil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten"cil*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who paints
or colors in figures by means of stencil.</def> [Written also
<i>stenciller</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sten"o*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>steno`s</grk> narrow, little + <i>-derm</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of bat belonging to the genus <i>Stenoderma</i>,
native of the West Indies and South America. These bats have a short
or rudimentary tail and a peculiarly shaped nose membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten`o*der"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the genus
<i>Stenoderma</i>, which includes several West Indian and South
American nose-leaf bats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stenographed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stenographing</u> (?).] <def>To write or report in
stenographic characters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten"o*graph</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A production of
stenography; anything written in shorthand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw the reporters' room, in which they redact their
hasty <i>stenographs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ste*nog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
skilled in stenography; a writer of shorthand.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sten`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sten`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>st&eacute;nographique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to stenography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*nog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stenographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>steno`s</grk> narrow, close + <i>graphy</i>: cf. F.
<i>st&eacute;nographie</i>, G. <i>stenographie</i>.] <def>The art of
writing in shorthand, by using abbreviations or characters for whole
words; shorthand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*noph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>steno`s</grk> narrow + <grk>fy`llon</grk> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having narrow leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ste*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>steno`s</grk> narrow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A narrowing of the
opening or hollow of any passage, tube, or orifice; as,
<i>stenosis</i> of the pylorus. It differs from <i>stricture</i> in
being applied especially to diffused rather than localized
contractions, and in always indicating an origin organic and not
spasmodic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten"o*stome</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>steno`s</grk> narrow, little + <grk>sto`ma</grk> mouth.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a small or narrow mouth; -- said of
certain small ground snakes (<i>Opoterodonta</i>), which are unable to
dilate their jaws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stent</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Obs.
imp.</i></pos> <u>Stente</u> (?); <pos><i>obs. p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Stent</u>.] [See <u>Stint</u>.] <def>To keep within limits; to
restrain; to cause to stop, or cease; to stint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then would he weep, he might not be
<i>stent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet n'ould she <i>stent</i><BR>
Her bitter railing and foul revilement.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stent</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stint; to stop; to
cease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And of this cry they would never
<i>stenten</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An allotted portion; a
stint.</def> "Attain'd his journey's <i>stent</i>."  <i>Mir. for
Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stent"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An opening in a wall
in a coal mine.</def> [Written also <i>stenton</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sten"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Stentor</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A herald, in the Iliad, who had a very
loud voice; hence, any person having a powerful voice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of ciliated
Infusoria belonging to the genus <i>Stentor</i> and allied genera,
common in fresh water. The stentors have a bell-shaped, or cornucopia-
like, body with a circle of cilia around the spiral terminal disk. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Heterotricha</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A howling monkey, or
howler.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1411 !></p>

<p><hw>Sten*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stentoreus</i>; cf. Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to a stentor;
extremely loud; powerful; as, a <i>stentorian</i> voice;
<i>stentorian</i> lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten"to*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A blue coloring matter found in some stentors. See
<u>Stentor</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sten*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Stentorian.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sten`to*ron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Stentorian.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sten`to*ro*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
Stentor + &?; a sound, voice. See <u>Stentor</u>.] <def>Speaking or
sounding very loud; stentorian.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of this <i>stentorophonic</i> horn of Alexander there
is a preserved in the Vatican.</blockquote> <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Step</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stepped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stepping</u>.] [AS. <i>st&aelig;ppan</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>steppa</i>, D. <i>stappen</i> to step, <i>stap</i> a step, OHG.
<i>stepfen</i> to step, G. <i>stapfe</i> a footstep, OHG.
<i>stapfo</i>, G. <i>stufe</i> a step to step on; cf. Gr. &?; to shake
about, handle roughly, stamp (?).  Cf. <u>Stamp</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To move the foot in walking; to advance or recede by raising and
moving one of the feet to another resting place, or by moving both
feet in succession.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk; to go on foot; esp., to walk a
little distance; as, to <i>step</i> to one of the neighbors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To walk slowly, gravely, or
resolutely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Home the swain retreats,<BR>
His flock before him <i>stepping</i> to the fold.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To move mentally; to go in
imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are <i>stepping</i> almost three thousand years
back into the remotest antiquity.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To step aside</b></col>, <cd>to walk a little distance from
the rest; to retire from company.</cd> -- <col><b>To step
forth</b></col>, <cd>to move or come forth.</cd> -- <col><b>To
step</b></col> <col><b>in or into</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To walk or advance into a place or state, or to advance suddenly
in.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Whosoever then first, after the troubling of the water,
<i>stepped in</i>, was made whole of whatsoever disease he
had.</blockquote> <i>John v. 4.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To enter for a short time; as, I just
<i>stepped into</i> the house.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To obtain
possession without trouble; to enter upon easily or suddenly; as,
<i>to step into</i> an estate</cd>. -- <col><b>To step out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>To increase the length, but not
the rapidity, of the step, extending it to thirty-tree inches.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To go out for a short distance or a short
time</cd>. -- <col><b>To step short</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to
diminish the length or rapidity of the step according to the
established rules.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Step</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
set, as the foot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To fix the foot of (a mast)
in its step; to erect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To step off</b></col>, <cd>to measure by steps, or paces;
hence, to divide, as a space, or to form a series of marks, by
successive measurements, as with dividers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Step</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&aelig;pe</i>. See
<u>Step</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
advance or movement made by one removal of the foot; a pace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rest, or one of a set of rests, for the
foot in ascending or descending, as a stair, or a round of a
ladder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The breadth of every single <i>step</i> or stair should
be never less than one foot.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The space passed over by one movement of
the foot in walking or running; as, one <i>step</i> is generally about
three feet, but may be more or less. Used also figuratively of any
kind of progress; as, he improved <i>step</i> by <i>step</i>, or by
<i>steps</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To derive two or three general principles of motion
from phenomena, and afterwards to tell us how the properties and
actions of all corporeal things follow from those manifest principles,
would be a very great <i>step</i> in philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Sir
I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small space or distance; as, it is but a
<i>step</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A print of the foot; a footstep; a
footprint; track.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Gait; manner of walking; as, the approach
of a man is often known by his <i>step</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding; measure; action; an
act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reputation of a man depends on the first
<i>steps</i> he makes in the world.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Beware of desperate <i>steps</i>. The darkest day,<BR>
Live till to-morrow, will have passed away.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have lately taken <i>steps</i> . . . to relieve the
old gentleman's distresses.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Walk; passage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conduct my <i>steps</i> to find the fatal
tree.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A portable framework of stairs,
much used indoors in reaching to a high position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>In general, a framing in
wood or iron which is intended to receive an upright shaft; specif., a
block of wood, or a solid platform upon the keelson, supporting the
heel of the mast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
a series of offsets, or parts, resembling the steps of stairs, as one
of the series of parts of a cone pulley on which the belt runs.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A bearing in which the lower extremity of a
spindle or a vertical shaft revolves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The intervak between two
contiguous degrees of the csale.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>tone</i> is often used as the name of this
interval; but there is evident incongruity in using <i>tone</i> for
indicating the interval between tones. As the word <i>scale</i> is
derived from the Italian <i>scala</i>, a ladder, the intervals may
well be called <i>steps</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Kinematics)</i> <def>A change of position
effected by a motion of translation.</def>  <i>W. K. Clifford.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Back step</b></col>, <col><b>Half step</b></col>, <cd>etc.
See under <u>Back</u>, <u>Half</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Step
grate</b></col>, <cd>a form of grate for holding fuel, in which the
bars rise above one another in the manner of steps.</cd> -- <col><b>To
take steps</b></col>, <cd>to take action; to move in a
matter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Step-</hw>. [AS. <i>ste&oacute;p-</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>stiap-</i>, <i>stiep-</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>stief-</i>, OHG. <i>stiuf-
</i>, Icel. <i>stj&?;p-</i>, Sw. <i>styf-</i>, and to AS.
<i>&amacr;st&emacr;pan</i>, <i>&amacr;ste&oacute;pan</i>, to deprive,
bereave, as children of their parents, OHG. <i>stiufen</i>.] <def>A
prefix used before <i>father</i>, <i>mother</i>, <i>brother</i>,
<i>sister</i>, <i>son</i>, <i>daughter</i>, <i>child</i>, etc., to
indicate that the person thus spoken of is not a blood relative, but
is a relative by the marriage of a parent; as, a <i>step</i>mother to
X is the wife of the father of X, married by him after the death of
the mother of X. See <u>Stepchild</u>, <u>Stepdaughter</u>,
<u>Stepson</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"broth`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brother by
the marriage of one's father with the mother of another, or of one's
mother with the father of another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"child`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ste&oacute;pcild</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bereaved child;
one who has lost father or mother.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A son or daughter of one's wife or husband
by a former marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"dame`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stepmother.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Step"daugh`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ste&oacute;pdohtor</i>.] <def>A daughter of one's wife or husband
by a former marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"fa`ther</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ste&oacute;pf&aelig;der</i>.] <def>The husband of one's mother by a
subsequent marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*pha"ni*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
a crown.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The point on the side of the skull where
the temporal line, or upper edge of the temporal fossa, crosses the
coronal suture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steph"an*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after the
Archduke <i>Stephan</i>, mining director of Austria.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A sulphide of antimony and silver of an iron-black color and
metallic luster; called also <i>black silver</i>, and <i>brittle
silver ore</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Steph`a*no"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; fit for a crown, fr. &?; crown.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of climbing asclepiadaceous shrubs, of Madagascar,
Malaya, etc. They have fleshy or coriaceous opposite leaves, and large
white waxy flowers in cymes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A perfume said to be prepared from the
flowers of <i>Stephanotis floribunda</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"lad`der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A portable set
of steps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"moth`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ste&oacute;pm&omacr;der</i>.] <def>The wife of one's father by a
subsequent marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"par`ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stepfather or
stepmother.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steppe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Russ. <i>stepe</i>,
through G. or F. <i>steppe</i>.] <def>One of the vast plains in
Southeastern Europe and in Asia, generally elevated, and free from
wood, analogous to many of the prairies in Western North America. See
<u>Savanna</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Steppe murrain</b></col>. <i>(Far.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Rinderpest</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stepped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided with a
step or steps; having a series of offsets or parts resembling the
steps of stairs; as, a <i>stepped</i> key.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stepped gear</b></col>, <cd>a cogwheel of which the teeth
cross the face in a series of steps.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Step"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, steps; as, a quick <i>stepper</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"ping-stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stone to raise the feet above the surface of
water or mud in walking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A means of progress or
advancement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These obstacles his genius had turned into <i>stepping-
stones</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That men may rise on <i>stepping-stones</i><BR>
Of their dead selves to higher things.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Step"sis`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A daughter of
one's stepfather or stepmother by a former marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"son`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ste&oacute;psunu</i>.] <def>A son of one's husband or wife by a
former marriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone laid
before a door as a stair to rise on in entering the house.</def></p>

<p><hw>-ster</hw> (?). [OE. &amp; AS. <i>-estre</i>, <i>-istre</i>.]
<def>A suffix denoting <i>the agent</i> (originally a woman),
especially a person who does something <i>with skill</i> or <i>as an
occupation</i>; as in spin<i>ster</i> (originally, a woman who spins),
song<i>ster</i>, ba<i>xter</i> (= bake<i>ster</i>),
young<i>ster</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Brewing, baking, and weaving were formerly feminine labors,
and consequently <i>brewster</i>, <i>baxter</i>, and <i>webster</i>
meant, originally, the woman (not the man) who brews, bakes, or
weaves. When men began to perform these duties the feminine
appellations were retained.</p>

<p><hw>Ster`co*bi"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stercus</i> dung + E. <i>bilin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A
coloring matter found in the f&aelig;ces, a product of the alteration
of the bile pigments in the intestinal canal, -- identical with
<i>hydrobilirubin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stercus</i>
dung + <i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Serolin</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`co*ra"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stercus</i>, <i>-oris</i>, dung.] <def>Of or pertaining to dung;
partaking of the nature of, or containing, dung.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*ra*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>The doctrine or belief of the Stercoranists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*ra*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>stercoranista</i>, fr. L. <i>stercus</i>, <i>-oris</i>, dung.]
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A nickname formerly given to those who held,
or were alleged to hold, that the consecrated elements in the
eucharist undergo the process of digestion in the body of the
recipient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`co*ra"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Stercoranist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*ra*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>stercorarium</i>, from L. <i>stercorarius</i> belonging to dung.]
<def>A place, properly secured from the weather, for containing
dung.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excrement;
dung.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ster`co*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stercoratio</i>, from <i>stercorare</i> to dung.] <def>Manuring
with dung.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster*co"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>The doctrine or belief of the Stercoranists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stercus</i>,
<i>-oris</i>, dung.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Serolin</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"co*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excrement;
dung.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ster*cu`li*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Sterculia</i>, the typical genus, fr. L. <i>Sterculius</i> the
deity that presided over manuring, from <i>stercus</i> dung. So called
because one of the original species is fetid.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to a natural order (<i>Sterculiace&aelig;</i>) of
polypetalous exogenous plants, mostly tropical. The cacao
(<i>Theobroma Cacao</i>) is the most useful plant of the
order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>st&egrave;re</i>,
fr. Gr. &?; solid.] <def>A unit of cubic measure in the metric system,
being a cubic meter, or kiloliter, and equal to 35.3 cubic feet, or
nearly 1&frac13; cubic yards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stere</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
stir.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rudder. See 5th
<u>Steer</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stere</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Helmsman. See 6th
<u>Steer</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ster`el*min"tha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>stereo`s</grk> solid + &?; a worm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Platyelminthes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>stereo`s</grk> solid. See
<u>Stare</u> to gaze.] <def>A combining form meaning <i>solid</i>,
<i>hard</i>, <i>firm</i>, as in <i>stereo</i>-chemistry,
<i>stereo</i>graphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>stereo`s</grk> solid + &?; that treads or covers, akin to &?;
base; cf. F. <i>st&eacute;r&eacute;obate</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The
lower part or basement of a building or pedestal; -- used loosely for
several different forms of basement.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ste`re*o-chem"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ste`re*o-chem"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
illustrating, the hypothetical space relations of atoms in the
molecule; as, a <i>stereo-chemic</i> formula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o-chem"is*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-
</i> + <i>chemistry</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Chemistry considered
with reference to the space relations of atoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Stereochromic picture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*chro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to the art of stereochromy; produced by
stereochromy.</def> -- <wf>Ste`re*o*chro"mic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*och"ro*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>chrw^ma</grk> color.] <def>A style of painting on plastered
walls or stone, in which the colors are rendered permanent by
sprinklings of water, in which is mixed a proportion of soluble glass
(a silicate of soda).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-
</i> + <i>electric</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
generation of electricity by means of solid bodies alone; as, a
<i>stereoelectric</i> current is one obtained by means of solids,
without any liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i> +
<i>-gram</i>.] <def>A diagram or picture which represents objects in
such a way as to give the impression of relief or solidity; also, a
stereograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>Any picture, or pair of pictures, prepared for
exhibition in the stereoscope. Stereographs are now commonly made by
means of photography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ste`re*o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ste`re*o*graph"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>st&eacute;r&eacute;ographique</i>.] <def>Made or done according to
the rules of stereography; delineated on a plane; as, a
<i>stereographic</i> chart of the earth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stereographic projection</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a
method of representing the sphere in which the center of projection is
taken in the surface of the sphere, and the plane upon which the
projection is made is at right andles to the diameter passing through
the center of projection.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*graph"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
stereographical manner; by delineation on a plane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i>
+ <i>graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;r&eacute;ographie</i>.] <def>The
art of delineating the forms of solid bodies on a plane; a branch of
solid geometry which shows the construction of all solids which are
regularly defined.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By cutting pieces of cardboard, or other suitable material,
in the forms represented in the cut, folding them along the lines
indicated, and joining their edges, the five regular solids may be
formed.</p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i>
+ <i>meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
instrument for measuring the solid contents of a body, or the capacity
of a vessel; a volumenometer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for determining the specific
gravity of liquid bodies, porous bodies, and powders, as well as
solids.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ste`re*o*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Ste`re*o*met"ric*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>st&eacute;r&eacute;om&eacute;trique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
stereometry; performed or obtained by stereometry.</def> --
<wf>Ste`re*o*met"ric*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i>
+ <i>-metry</i>: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;r&eacute;om&eacute;trie</i>.]
<def>The art of measuring and computing the cubical contents of bodies
and figures; -- distinguished from <i>planimetry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*mon"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-
</i> + <i>mono-</i> + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An instrument with two
lenses, by which an image of a single picture projected upon a screen
of ground glass is made to present an appearance of relief, and may be
viewed by several persons at once.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i> +
Gr. &?; anything formed or molded.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The solid or
insoluble portion of the cell protoplasm. See
<u>Hygroplasm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*op"ti*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Stereo-</u>, and <u>Optic</u>.] <def>An instrument, consisting
essentially of a magic lantern in which photographic pictures are
used, by which the image of a landscape, or any object, may be thrown
upon a screen in such a manner as to seem to stand out in relief, so
as to form a striking and accurate representation of the object
itself; also, a pair of magic lanterns for producing the effect of
dissolving views.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <def>An optical instrument for giving to pictures the
appearance of solid forms, as seen in nature. It combines in one,
through a bending of the rays of light, two pictures, taken for the
purpose from points of view a little way apart. It is furnished with
two eyeglasses, and by refraction or reflection the pictures are
superimposed, so as to appear as one to the observer.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the <i>reflecting stereoscope</i>, the rays from the two
pictures are turned into the proper direction for stereoscopic vision
by two plane mirrors set at an angle with each other, and between the
pictures. In the <i>lenticular stereoscope</i>, the form in general
use, the eyeglasses are semilenses, or marginal portions of the same
convex lenses, set with their edges toward each other, so that they
deflect the rays coming from the picture so as to strike the eyes as
if coming direct from an intermediate point, where the two pictures
are seen apparently as one.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ste`re*o*scop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ste`re*o*scop"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the stereoscope;
characteristic of, or adapted to, the stereoscope; as, a
<i>stereoscopic</i> effect; the <i>stereoscopic</i> function of the
eyeglasses; <i>stereoscopic</i> views.</def> --
<wf>Ste`re*o*scop"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*os"co*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in the use or construction of stereoscopes.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1412 !></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*os"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
science of using the stereoscope, or of constructing the instrument or
the views used with it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*stat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i>
+ <i>static</i>.] <i>(Civil. Engin.)</i> <def>Geostatic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ste`re*o*tom"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ste`re*o*tom"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to stereotomy; performed by
stereotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i> +
Gr. &?; to cut: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;r&eacute;otomie</i>.] <def>The
science or art of cutting solids into certain figures or sections, as
arches, and the like; especially, the art of stonecutting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i> +
<i>-type</i>: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;r&eacute;otype</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A plate forming an exact faximile of a page of
type or of an engraving, used in printing books, etc.; specifically, a
plate with type-metal face, used for printing.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>stereotype</i>, or <i>stereotypr plate</i>, is made by
setting movable type as for ordinary printing; from these a cast is
taken in plaster of Paris, paper pulp, or the like, and upon this cast
melted type metal is poured, which, when hardened, makes a solid page
or column, from which the impression is taken as from type.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art or process of making such plates,
or of executing work by means of them.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stereotype block</b></col>, <cd>a block, usually of wood,
to which a stereotype plate is attached while being used in
printing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*type</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stereotyped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stereotyping</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>st&eacute;r&eacute;otyper</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prepare for printing in stereotype; to make
the stereotype plates of; as, to <i>stereotype</i> the
Bible.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To make firm or permanent; to
fix.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Powerful causes tending to <i>stereotype</i> and
aggravate the poverty of old conditions.</blockquote> <i>Duke of
Argyll (1887).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*typed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formed into, or printed from, stereotype
plates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Formed in a fixed, unchangeable
manner; as, <i>stereotyped</i> opinions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our civilization, with its <i>stereotyped</i> ways and
smooth conventionalities.</blockquote> <i>J. C. Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*ty`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stereotypes; one who makes stereotype plates, or works in a stereotype
foundry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*ty`per*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art, process, or employment of making
stereotype plates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place where stereotype plates are made; a
stereotype foundry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*typ"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to stereotype, or stereotype plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*ty`pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stereotyper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*ty*pog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stereotype printer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste`re*o*ty*pog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Stereo-</i> + <i>typography</i>.] <def>The act or art of printing
from stereotype plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"re*o*ty`py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>st&eacute;r&eacute;otypie</i>.] <def>The art or process of making
stereotype plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`hy*drau"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stereo-</i>
+ <i>hydraulic</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a kind of
hydraulic press; resembling such a press in action or
principle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sterhydraulic press</b></col>, <cd>an hydraulic press
producing pressure or motion by the introduction of a solid substance
(as a long rod, or a cord wound on a roller) into a cylinder
previously filled with a liquid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ster"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>st&eacute;rile</i>, L. <i>sterilis</i>, akin to Gr.
<grk>stereo`s</grk> stiff, solid, <grk>stei^ros</grk> barren,
<grk>stei^ra</grk> a cow that has not calved, Goth.
<i>stair&omacr;</i>, fem., barren. See <u>Stare</u> to gaze.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Producing little or no crop; barren;
unfruitful; unproductive; not fertile; as, <i>sterile</i> land; a
<i>sterile</i> desert; a <i>sterile</i> year.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Incapable of reproduction; unfitted for reproduction of
offspring; not able to germinate or bear fruit; unfruitful; as, a
<i>sterile</i> flower, which bears only stamens.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Free from reproductive spores or germs; as, a
<i>sterile</i> fluid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Barren of ideas; destitute of
sentiment; as, a <i>sterile</i> production or author.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*ril"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sterilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;rilit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or condition of being
sterile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Quality of being sterile;
infecundity; also, the state of being free from germs or
spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`il*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The act or process of sterilizing, or rendering sterile; also,
the state of being sterile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"il*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sterilized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sterilizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>st&eacute;riliser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make sterile or
unproductive; to impoverish, as land; to exhaust of fertility.</def>
[R.] "<i>Sterilizing</i> the earth."  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
deprive of the power of reproducing; to render incapable of
germination or fecundation; to make sterile.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>To destroy all spores or germs in (an organic fluid or mixture),
as by heat, so as to prevent the development of bacterial or other
organisms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>sterliade</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small sturgeon
(<i>Acipenser ruthenus</i>) found in the Caspian Sea and its rivers,
and highly esteemed for its flavor. The finest caviare is made from
its roe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Engin.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Starling</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"ling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sterlynge</i>,
<i>starling</i>, for <i>easterling</i>, LL. <i>esterlingus</i>,
probably from <i>Easterling</i>, once the popular name of German
trades in England, whose money was of the purest quality: cf. MHG.
<i>sterlink</i> a certain coin.  Cf. <u>East</u>. "Certain merchants
of Norwaie, Denmarke, and of others those parties, called Ostomanni,
or (as in our vulgar language we tearme them), <i>easterlings</i>,
because they lie <i>east</i> in respect of us." <i>Holinshed.</i> "In
the time of . . . King Richard the First, monie coined in the east
parts of Germanie began to be of especiall request in England for the
puritie thereof, and was called <i>Easterling</i> monie, as all
inhabitants of those parts were called <i>Easterlings</i>, and shortly
after some of that countrie, skillful in mint matters and allaies,
were sent for into this realme to bring the coine to perfection; which
since that time was called of them <i>sterling</i>, for
<i>Easterling</i>." <i>Camden.</i> "Four thousand pound of
<i>sterlings</i>." <i>R. of Gloucester.</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any English coin of standard value; coined money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So that ye offer nobles or
<i>sterlings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And Roman wealth in English <i>sterling</i>
view.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A certain standard of quality or value for
money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sterling</i> was the known and approved standard in
England, in all probability, from the beginning of King Henry the
Second's reign.</blockquote> <i>S. M. Leake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to, or relating to, the standard British money of
account, or the British coinage; as, a pound <i>sterling</i>; a
shilling <i>sterling</i>; a penny <i>sterling</i>; -- now chiefly
applied to the lawful money of England; but <i>sterling</i> cost,
<i>sterling</i> value, are used.</def> "With <i>sterling</i> money."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Genuine; pure; of excellent quality;
conforming to the highest standard; of full value; as, a work of
<i>sterling</i> merit; a man of <i>sterling</i> good sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stearn</i> a kind
of bird. See <u>Starling</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The black
tern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sterner</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sternest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sterne</i>, <i>sturne</i>, AS. <i>styrne</i>; cf. D.
<i>stuurish</i> stern, Sw. <i>stursk</i> refractory. &radic;166.]
<def>Having a certain hardness or severity of nature, manner, or
aspect; hard; severe; rigid; rigorous; austere; fixed; unchanging;
unrelenting; hence, serious; resolute; harsh; as, a
<i>stern</i>resolve; a <i>stern</i> necessity; a <i>stern</i> heart; a
<i>stern</i> gaze; a <i>stern</i> decree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sterne</i> wind so loud gan to
rout.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I would outstare the <i>sternest</i> eyes that
look.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When that the poor have cried, C&aelig;sar hath
wept;<BR>
Ambition should be made of <i>sterner</i> stuff.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stern</i> as tutors, and as uncles
hard.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These barren rocks, your <i>stern</i>
inheritance.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gloomy; sullen; forbidding; strict; unkind; hard-
hearted; unfeeling; cruel; pitiless.</p>

<p><hw>Stern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>stj&omacr;rn</i> a
steering, or a doubtful AS. <i>ste&oacute;rn</i>. &radic;166. See
<u>Steer</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
helm or tiller of a vessel or boat; also, the rudder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The after or rear end of a
ship or other vessel, or of a boat; the part opposite to the stem, or
prow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The post of management or
direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And sit chiefest <i>stern</i> of public
weal.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The hinder part of anything.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The tail of an animal; -- now used only of
the tail of a dog.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By the stern</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See <i>By the
head</i>, under <u>By</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stern</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in the stern, or
being astern; as, the <i>stern</i> davits.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stern board</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a going or
falling astern; a loss of way in making a tack; as, to make a <i>stern
board</i>. See <u>Board</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern chase</b></col>.
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>See under <u>Chase</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A stern chaser.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stern chaser</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a cannon placed
in a ship's stern, pointing backward, and intended to annoy a ship
that is in pursuit.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern fast</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rope used to confine the stern of a ship or
other vessel, as to a wharf or buoy.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern
frame</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the framework of timber forms the
stern of a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern knee</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Sternson</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern port</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a port, or opening, in the stern of a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern
sheets</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>that part of an open boat which
is between the stern and the aftmost seat of the rowers, -- usually
furnished with seats for passengers.</cd> -- <col><b>Stern
wheel</b></col>, <cd>a paddle wheel attached to the stern of the
steamboat which it propels.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stern"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stern.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the sternum; in the region of the sternum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sternal ribs</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under <u>Rib</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stern"berg*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after
Count Kaspar <i>Sternberg</i> of Prague.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
sulphide of silver and iron, occurring in soft flexible lamin&aelig;
varying in color from brown to black.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ster"ne*bra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sternebr&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. <i>sternum</i> + <i>-
bra</i> of <i>vertebra</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the segments
of the sternum.</def> -- <wf>Ster"ne*bral</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sterned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a stern of a
particular shape; -- used in composition; as, square-
<i>sterned</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Stern</u>.]
<def>A director.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Dr. R. Clerke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stern`fore"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With the
stern, instead of the bow, in advance; hence, figuratively, in an
awkward, blundering manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fatal genius for going
<i>sternforemost</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sternum</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sternum of an arthropod somite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stern
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Farthest in the
rear; farthest astern; as, the <i>sternmost</i> ship in a
convoy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being stern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"no-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to
indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the
sternum</i>; as, <i>sterno</i>costal, <i>sterno</i>scapular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`no*cor"a*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the sternum and the
coracoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`no*cos"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sterno-</i>
+ <i>costal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the sternum
and the ribs; as, the <i>sternocostal</i> cartilages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`no*hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the sternum and the hyoid bone or
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`no*mas"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the sternum and the mastoid
process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`no*thy"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the sternum and the thyroid
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"post`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A straight piece of timber, or an iron bar or beam, erected on
the extremity of the keel to support the rudder, and receive the ends
of the planks or plates of the vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sterns"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
steersman.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stern"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stern</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Stemson</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
end of a ship's keelson, to which the sternpost is bolted; -- called
also <i>stern knee</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Sterna</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Sternums</b></plw> (#). [NL.,
from Gr. &?;, the breast, chest.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A plate of cartilage, or a series of bony or cartilaginous plates
or segments, in the median line of the pectoral skeleton of most
vertebrates above fishes; the breastbone.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The sternum is connected with the ribs or the pectorial
girdle, or with both. In man it is a flat bone, broad anteriorly,
narrowed behind, and connected with the clavicles and the cartilages
of the seven anterior pairs of ribs. In most birds it has a high
median keel for the attachment of the muscles of the wings.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ventral part of any
one of the somites of an arthropod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster`nu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sternutatio</i>, fr. <i>sternutare</i> to sneeze, intens. from
<i>sternuere</i>.] <def>The act of sneezing.</def>  <i>Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster*nu"ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
quality of provoking to sneeze.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster*nu"ta*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sternutative.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sternutatory
substance or medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The movement of a ship backward, or with her stern
foremost.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"-wheel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
paddle wheel at the stern; as, a <i>stern-wheel</i> steamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stern"-wheel`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A steamboat
having a stern wheel instead of side wheels.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ster*quil"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sterquilinium</i> a dung pit, fr. <i>stercus</i> dung.]
<def>Pertaining to a dunghill; hence, mean; dirty; paltry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A star.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster"rink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The crab-eating seal (<i>Lobodon carcinophaga</i>) of the
Antarctic Ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"ro*met`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; firm,
solid + E. <i>metal</i>.] <def>Any alloy of copper, zinc, tin, and
iron, of which cannon are sometimes made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stert</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Start</u>.
<def>Started.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster"te</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Start</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ster*to"ri*ous</hw> (st&etilde;r*t&omacr;"r&ibreve;*&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stertorous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ster"to*rous</hw> (st&etilde;r"t&osl;*r&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stertere</i> to snore: cf. F.
<i>stertoreux</i>.] <def>Characterized by a deep snoring, which
accompanies inspiration in some diseases, especially apoplexy; hence,
hoarsely breathing; snoring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Burning, <i>stertorous</i> breath that hurt her
cheek.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The day has ebbed away, and it is night in his room,
before his <i>stertorous</i> breathing lulls.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sterve</hw> (st&etilde;rv), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<def>To die, or cause to die; to perish. See <u>Starve</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stet</hw> (st&ebreve;t), L., <pos><i>subj. 3d pers.
sing.</i></pos> of <i>stare</i> to stand, remain. [See <u>Stand</u>.]
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>Let it stand; -- a word used by proof readers to
signify that something once erased, or marked for omission, is to
remain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stetted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stetting</u>.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To cause or direct to remain
after having been marked for omission; to mark with the word
<i>stet</i>, or with a series of dots below or beside the matter; as,
the proof reader <i>stetted</i> a deled footnote.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steth"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ste</i>aric +
<i>ethal</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the higher alcohols of the
methane series, homologous with ethal, and found in small quantities
as an ethereal salt of stearic acid in spermaceti.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steth"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the
breast + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Pneumatograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*thom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; chest +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An apparatus for measuring the
external movements of a given point of the chest wall, during
respiration; -- also called <i>thoracometer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steth"o*scope</hw> (st&ebreve;th"&osl;*sk&omacr;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>sth^qos</grk> the breast + <i>-
scope</i>: cf. F. <i>st&eacute;thoscope</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
instrument used in auscultation for examining the organs of the chest,
as the heart and lungs, by conveying to the ear of the examiner the
sounds produced in the thorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steth"o*scope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To auscultate,
or examine, with a stethoscope.</def>  <i>M. W. Savage.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Steth`o*scop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Steth`o*scop"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>st&eacute;thoscopique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a stethoscope; obtained or made by means of a
stethoscope.</def> -- <wf>Steth`o*scop"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ste*thos"co*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in the use of the stethoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste*thos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or
process of examination by the stethoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Steve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Stevedore</u>.]
<def>To pack or stow, as cargo in a ship's hold. See
<u>Steeve</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"ve*dore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>estivador</i> a packer, a stower, fr. <i>estivar</i> to pack, to
stow, L. <i>stipare</i> to press, compress, probably akin to E.
<i>stiff</i>. See <u>Stiff</u>, <u>Stive</u> to stuff.] <def>One whose
occupation is to load and unload vessels in port; one who stows a
cargo in a hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ste"ven</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stefn</i>,
<i>stemn</i>, voice; akin to D. <i>stem</i>, G. <i>stimme</i>, Goth.
<i>stibna</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Voice; speech; language.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye have as merry a <i>steven</i><BR>
As any angel hath that is in heaven.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An outcry; a loud call; a clamor.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To set steven</b></col>, <cd>to make an appointment.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>setten steven</i> for to meet<BR>
To playen at the dice.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Stow</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small pond or pool where fish are kept for
the table; a vivarium.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Chaucer.
Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An artificial bed of oysters.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stewing</u>.] [OE. <i>stuven</i>, OF. <i>estuver</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tuver</i>, fr. OF. <i>estuve</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tuve</i>, a
sweating house, a room heated for a bath; probably of Teutonic origin,
and akin to E. <i>stove</i>. See <u>Stove</u>, and cf. <u>Stive</u> to
stew.] <def>To boil slowly, or with the simmering or moderate heat; to
seethe; to cook in a little liquid, over a gentle fire, without
boiling; as, to <i>stew</i> meat; to <i>stew</i> oysters; to
<i>stew</i> apples.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1413 !></p>

<p><hw>Stew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be seethed or
cooked in a slow, gentle manner, or in heat and moisture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stue</i>, <i>stuwe</i>,
OF. <i>estuve</i>. See <u>Stew</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place of stewing or seething; a place where
hot bathes are furnished; a hothouse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As burning &AElig;tna from his boiling <i>stew</i><BR>
Doth belch out flames.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lydians were inhibited by Cyrus to use any armor,
and give themselves to baths and <i>stews</i>.</blockquote> <i>Abp.
Abbot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brothel; -- usually in the plural.</def>
<i>Bacon. South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There be that hate harlots, and never were at the
<i>stews</i>.</blockquote> <i>Aschman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A prostitute.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir A.
Weldon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A dish prepared by stewing; as, a
<i>stew</i>of pigeons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A state of agitating excitement; a state of
worry; confusion; as, to be in a <i>stew</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Stew"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stiward</i>,
AS. <i>st&imacr;weard</i>, <i>stigweard</i>, literally, a sty ward;
<i>stigu</i> sty + <i>weard</i> warden, guardian, -- his first duty
having been probably to attend to the domestic animals. &radic;164.
See <u>Sty</u> pen for swine, <u>Ward</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
man employed in a large family, or on a large estate, to manage the
domestic concerns, supervise other servants, collect the rents or
income, keep accounts, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Worthy to be <i>stewards</i> of rent and
land.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They came near to the <i>steward</i> of Joseph's
house.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xliii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As good <i>stewards</i> of the manifold grace of
God.</blockquote> <i>1 Pet. iv. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person employed in a hotel, or a club, or
on board a ship, to provide for the table, superintend the culinary
affairs, etc. In naval vessels, the captain's <i>steward</i>, wardroom
<i>steward</i>, steerage <i>steward</i>, warrant officers
<i>steward</i>, etc., are petty officers who provide for the messes
under their charge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fiscal agent of certain bodies; as, a
<i>steward</i> in a Methodist church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In some colleges, an officer who provides
food for the students and superintends the kitchen; also, an officer
who attends to the accounts of the students.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In Scotland, a magistrate appointed by the
crown to exercise jurisdiction over royal lands.</def>
<i>Erskine.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Lord high steward</b></col>, <cd>formerly, the first
officer of the crown; afterward, an officer occasionally appointed, as
for a coronation, or upon the trial of a peer.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stew"ard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To manage as a
steward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stew"ard*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female steward;
specifically, a woman employed in passenger vessels to attend to the
wants of female passengers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stew"ard*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner, or
with the care, of a steward.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To be <i>stewardly</i> dispensed, not wastefully
spent.</blockquote> <i>Tooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stew"ard*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
steward.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stew"art*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An overseer or superintendent.</def> [R.] "The <i>stewartry</i>
of provisions."  <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The office of a steward; stewardship.</def>
[R.]  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In Scotland, the jurisdiction of a steward;
also, the lands under such jurisdiction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stew"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suiting a stew, or
brothel.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stew"pan`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pan used for
stewing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stew"pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pot used for
stewing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sthen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; strength: cf.
F. <i>sth&eacute;nique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Strong; active; --
said especially of morbid states attended with excessive action of the
heart and blood vessels, and characterized by strength and activity of
the muscular and nervous system; as, a <i>sthenic</i> fever.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sthenic theory</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Stimulism</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Sti*ac*cia"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., crushed,
flattened.] <i>(Sculp.)</i> <def>The lowest relief, -- often used in
Italian sculpture of the 15th and 16th centuries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sty on the eye.
See <u>Styan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stib"born</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stubborn.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stib"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stibium</u>.]
<def>Like, or having the qualities of, antimony; antimonial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stib"i*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Antimonial intoxication or poisoning.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stib"i*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>stibiatus</i>, from L. <i>stibium</i> antimony.] <i>(Med.
Chem.)</i> <def>Combined or impregnated with antimony
(<i>stibium</i>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stibiated tartar</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Tartar emetic</i>,
under <u>Tartar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stib"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Antimonic; -- used with reference to certain compounds of
antimony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stib"i*co*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A native oxide of antimony occurring in masses of a yellow
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stib"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Antimony hydride, or hydrogen antimonide, a colorless gas
produced by the action of nascent hydrogen on antimony. It has a
characteristic odor and burns with a characteristic greenish flame.
Formerly called also <i>antimoniureted hydrogen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stib"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Antimonious.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Stib"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stibium</i>,
<i>stibi</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The technical name of antimony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Stibnite.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stib"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral of a lead-gray color and brilliant metallic luster, occurring
in prismatic crystals; sulphide of antimony; -- called also
<i>antimony glance</i>, and <i>gray antimony</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti*bo"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The hypothetical radical SbH<sub>4</sub>, analogous to ammonium;
-- called also <i>antimonium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stic*ca"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>steccato</i> a palisade.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument
consisting of small bars of wood, flat at the bottom and rounded at
the top, and resting on the edges of a kind of open box. They are
unequal in size, gradually increasing from the smallest to the
largest, and are tuned to the diatonic scale. The tones are produced
by striking the pieces of wood with hard balls attached to flexible
sticks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>sti`chos</grk> a
row, line, akin to to go, march, E. <i>sty</i>, v.i.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A verse, of whatever measure or number of
feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A line in the Scriptures; specifically
<i>(Hebrew Scriptures)</i>, one of the rhythmic lines in the poetical
books and passages of the Old Treatment, as written in the oldest
Hebrew manuscripts and in the Revised Version of the English
Bible.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A row, line, or rank of trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stich"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>stichiko`s</grk>.] <def>Of or pertaining to stichs, or lines;
consisting of stichs, or lines.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sti*chid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stichida</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, dim. of &?; a row.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A special podlike or fusiform branch containing
tetraspores. It is found in certain red alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stich"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a line +
<i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by lines, or passages of books, taken
at hazard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stich`o*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to stichometry; characterized by stichs, or
lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stich*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a line +
<i>-metry</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Measurement of books by the
number of lines which they contain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Division of the text of a book into lines;
especially, the division of the text of books into lines accommodated
to the sense, -- a method of writing manuscripts used before
punctuation was adopted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stich"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of chickweed (<i>Stellaria Holostea</i>).</def> [Written also
<i>stitchwort</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sticke</i>, AS.
<i>sticca</i>; akin to <i>stician</i> to stab, prick, pierce, G.
<i>stecken</i> a stick, staff, OHG. <i>steccho</i>, Icel. <i>stik</i>
a stick. See <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small shoot, or branch, separated, as by a
cutting, from a tree or shrub; also, any stem or branch of a tree, of
any size, cut for fuel or timber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Withered <i>sticks</i> to gather, which might serve<BR>
Against a winter's day.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any long and comparatively slender piece of
wood, whether in natural form or shaped with tools; a rod; a wand; a
staff; as, the <i>stick</i> of a rocket; a walking
<i>stick</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything shaped like a stick; as, a
<i>stick</i> of wax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A derogatory expression for a person; one
who is inert or stupid; as, an odd <i>stick</i>; a poor
<i>stick</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A composing stick. See
under <u>Composing</u>. It is usually a frame of metal, but for
posters, handbills, etc., one made of wood is used.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A thrust with a pointed instrument; a
stab.</def></p>

<p><col><b>A stick of eels</b></col>, <cd>twenty-five eels.</cd>
[Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Stick chimney</b></col>, <cd>a chimney made of
sticks laid crosswise, and cemented with clay or mud, as in some log
houses.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Stick insect</b></col>,
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of various species of wingless
orthopterous insects of the family <i>Phasmid&aelig;</i>, which have a
long round body, resembling a stick in form and color, and long legs,
which are often held rigidly in such positions as to make them
resemble small twigs. They thus imitate the branches and twigs of the
trees on which they live. The common American species is
<i>Diapheromera femorata</i>. Some of the Asiatic species are more
than a foot long.</cd> -- <col><b>To cut one's stick</b></col>, or
<col><b>To cut stick</b></col>, <cd>to run away.</cd> [Slang] <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stuck</u> (?) (Obs. <u>Sticked</u> (&?;)); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sticking</u>.] [OE. <i>stikien</i>, v.t. &
i., combined with <i>steken</i>, whence E. <i>stuck</i>), AS.
<i>stician</i>, v.t. &amp; i., and (assumed) <i>stecan</i>, v.t.; akin to
OFries. <i>steka</i>, OS. <i>stekan</i>, OHG. <i>stehhan</i>, G.
<i>stechen</i>, and to Gr. &?; to prick, Skr. <i>tij</i> to be sharp.
Cf. <u>Distinguish</u>, <u>Etiquette</u>, <u>Extinct</u>,
<u>Instigate</u>, <u>Instinct</u>, <u>Prestige</u>, <u>Stake</u>,
<u>Steak</u>, <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Stigma</u>,
<u>Stimulate</u>, <u>Sting</u>, <u>Stitch</u> in sewing, <u>Style</u>
for or in writing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To penetrate with a
pointed instrument; to pierce; to stab; hence, to kill by piercing;
as, to <i>stick</i> a beast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>sticked</i> him with bodkins anon.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was a shame . . . to <i>stick</i> him under the
other gentleman's arm while he was redding the fray.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to penetrate; to push, thrust, or
drive, so as to pierce; as, to <i>stick</i> a needle into one's
finger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>stickest</i> a dagger in me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fasten, attach, or cause to remain, by
thrusting in; hence, also, to adorn or deck with things fastened on as
by piercing; as, to <i>stick</i> a pin on the sleeve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My shroud of white, <i>stuck</i> all with
yew.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The points of spears are <i>stuck</i> within the
shield.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To set; to fix in; as, to <i>stick</i> card
teeth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To set with something pointed; as, to
<i>stick</i> cards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To fix on a pointed instrument; to impale;
as, to <i>stick</i> an apple on a fork.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To attach by causing to adhere to the
surface; as, to <i>stick</i> on a plaster; to <i>stick</i> a stamp on
an envelope; also, to attach in any manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To compose; to set, or
arrange, in a composing stick; as, to <i>stick</i> type.</def>
[Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Joinery)</i> <def>To run or plane (moldings)
in a machine, in contradistinction to working them by hand. Such
moldings are said to be <i>stuck</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To cause to stick; to bring to a stand; to
pose; to puzzle; as, to <i>stick</i> one with a hard problem.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To impose upon; to compel to pay;
sometimes, to cheat.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>To stick out</b></col>, <cd>to cause to project or
protrude; to render prominent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stick</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To adhere; as, glue <i>sticks</i> to the fingers; paste
<i>sticks</i> to the wall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The green caterpillar breedeth in the inward parts of
roses not blown, where the dew <i>sticketh</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remain where placed; to be fixed; to
hold fast to any position so as to be moved with difficulty; to cling;
to abide; to cleave; to be united closely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A friend that <i>sticketh</i> closer than a
brother.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xviii. 24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a kind of bur; I shall <i>stick</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If on your fame our sex a bolt has thrown,<BR>
'T will ever <i>stick</i> through malice of your own.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be prevented from going farther; to stop
by reason of some obstacle; to be stayed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had most need of blessing, and "Amen"<BR>
<i>Stuck</i> in my throat.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The trembling weapon passed<BR>
Through nine bull hides, . . . and <i>stuck</i> within the
last.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be embarrassed or puzzled; to hesitate;
to be deterred, as by scruples; to scruple; -- often with
<i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They will <i>stick</i> long at part of a demonstration
for want of perceiving the connection of two ideas.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>stick</i> not to say, that the parson and
attorney forged a will.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause difficulties, scruples, or
hesitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the difficulty that <i>sticks</i> with the most
reasonable.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stick by</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To adhere
closely to; to be firm in supporting</cd>. "We are your only friends;
<i>stick by</i> us, and we will <i>stick by</i> you." <i>Davenant.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be troublesome by adhering.</cd> "I am
satisfied to trifle away my time, rather than let it <i>stick by</i>
me." <i>Pope.</i> -- <col><b>To stick out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To project; to be prominent.</cd> "His bones
that were not seen <i>stick out</i>." <i>Job xxxiii. 21.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To persevere in a purpose; to hold out; as,
the garrison <i>stuck out</i> until relieved.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To stick to</b></col>, <cd>to be persevering in holding to;
as, <i>to stick to</i> a party or cause.</cd> "The advantage will be
on our side if we <i>stick to</i> its essentials." <i>Addison.</i> --
<col><b>To stick up</b></col>, <cd>to stand erect; as, his hair
<i>sticks up</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To stick up for</b></col>, <cd>to
assert and defend; as, <i>to stick up for</i> one's rights or for a
friend.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To stick upon</b></col>, <cd>to
dwell upon; not to forsake.</cd> "If the matter be knotty, the mind
must stop and buckle to it, and <i>stick upon</i> it with labor and
thought." <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stick"ed</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Stick</u>.
<def>Stuck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And in the sand her ship <i>sticked</i> so
fast.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>sticked</i> not to give their bodies to be
burnt.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, sticks; as, a bill
<i>sticker</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which causes one to stick; that which
puzzles or poses.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Tackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In the organ, a small wooden
rod which connects (in part) a key and a pallet, so as to communicate
motion by pushing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Paster</u>, 2.</def> [Political
Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stick"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stickfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Print.)</i> <def>As much set
type as fills a composing stick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stick"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being sticky; as, the <i>stickiness</i> of glue or paste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stick"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Sticking piece</b></col>, <cd>a piece of beef cut from the
neck.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Sticking place</b></col>, <cd>the place
where a thing sticks, or remains fast; sticking point.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>But screw your courage to the <i>sticking
place</i>,<BR>
And we'll not fail.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Sticking plaster</b></col>, <cd>an adhesive plaster for
closing wounds, and for similar uses.</cd> -- <col><b>Sticking
point</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Sticking place</i>, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stick"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stuck; spoiled in
making.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Stickit minister</b></col>, <cd>a candidate for the
clerical office who fails, disqualified by incompetency or
immorality.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stick"-lac`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See the Note
under <u>Lac</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stic"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stickled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stickling</u>.] [Probably fr. OE. <i>stightlen</i>,
<i>sti&?;tlen</i>, to dispose, arrange, govern, freq. of
<i>stihten</i>, AS. <i>stihtan</i>: cf. G. <i>stiften</i> to found, to
establish.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate combatants by
intervening.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When he [the angel] sees half of the Christians killed,
and the rest in a fair way of being routed, he <i>stickles</i> betwixt
the remainder of God's host and the race of fiends.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contend, contest, or altercate, esp. in
a pertinacious manner on insufficient grounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fortune, as she 's wont, turned fickle,<BR>
And for the foe began to <i>stickle</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While for paltry punk they roar and
<i>stickle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The obstinacy with which he <i>stickles</i> for the
wrong.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To play fast and loose; to pass from one
side to the other; to trim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stic"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To separate, as combatants; hence, to quiet, to appease, as
disputants.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which [question] violently they pursue,<BR>
Nor <i>stickled</i> would they be.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To intervene in; to stop, or put an end to,
by intervening; hence, to arbitrate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They ran to him, and, pulling him back by force,
<i>stickled</i> that unnatural fray.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stic"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>stick</u>,
<pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>] <def>A shallow rapid in a river; also,
the current below a waterfall.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Patient anglers, standing all the day<BR>
Near to some shallow <i>stickle</i> or deep bay.</blockquote> <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stic"kle*back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; Prov E.
<i>stickle</i> a prickle, spine, sting (AS. <i>sticel</i>) +
<i>back</i>. See <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Banstickle</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of small fishes of the genus <i>Gasterosteus</i> and allied
genera. The back is armed with two or more sharp spines. They inhabit
both salt and brackish water, and construct curious nests. Called also
<i>sticklebag</i>, <i>sharpling</i>, and <i>prickleback</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1414 !></p>

<p><hw>Stic"kler</hw> (st&ibreve;k"kl&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Stickle</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>One who
stickles.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who arbitrates a duel; a sidesman to a
fencer; a second; an umpire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Basilius, the judge, appointed <i>sticklers</i> and
trumpets whom the others should obey.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our former chiefs, like <i>sticklers</i> of the
war,<BR>
First sought to inflame the parties, then to poise.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who pertinaciously contends for some
trifling things, as a point of etiquette; an unreasonable, obstinate
contender; as, a <i>stickler</i> for ceremony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Tory or High-church were the greatest
<i>sticklers</i> against the exorbitant proceedings of King James
II.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stick"-seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant (<i>Echinospermum Lappula</i>) of the Borage family, with
small blue flowers and prickly nutlets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stick"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The ruddy
duck.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stick"-tight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Beggar's ticks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stick"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stickier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stickiest</u>.] <def>Having the quality
of sticking to a surface; adhesive; gluey; viscous; viscid; glutinous;
tenacious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Herbs which last longest are those of strong smell, and
with a <i>sticky</i> stalk.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stid"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stithy</u>.]
<def>An anvil; also, a smith shop. See <u>Stithy</u>.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stiff</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Stiffer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stiffest</u>.] [OE.
<i>stif</i>, AS. <i>st&imacr;f</i>; akin to D. <i>stijf</i>, G.
<i>steif</i>, Dan. <i>stiv</i>, Sw. <i>styf</i>, Icel.
<i>st&imacr;fr</i>, Lith. <i>stipti</i> to be stiff; cf. L.
<i>stipes</i> a post, trunk of a tree, <i>stipare</i> to press,
compress.  Cf. <u>Costive</u>, <u>Stifle</u>, <u>Stipulate</u>,
<u>Stive</u> to stuff.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not easily bent; not
flexible or pliant; not limber or flaccid; rigid; firm; as,
<i>stiff</i> wood, paper, joints.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] rising on <i>stiff</i> pennons, tower<BR>
The mid a&euml;rial sky.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not liquid or fluid; thick and tenacious;
inspissated; neither soft nor hard; as, the paste is
<i>stiff</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Firm; strong; violent; difficult to oppose;
as, a <i>stiff</i> gale or breeze.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not easily subdued; unyielding; stubborn;
obstinate; pertinacious; as, a <i>stiff</i> adversary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a shame to stand <i>stiff</i> in a foolish
argument.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A war ensues: the Cretans own their cause,<BR>
<i>Stiff</i> to defend their hospitable laws.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not natural and easy; formal; constrained;
affected; starched; as, <i>stiff</i> behavior; a <i>stiff</i>
style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The French are open, familiar, and talkative; the
Italians <i>stiff</i>, ceremonious, and reserved.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Harsh; disagreeable; severe; hard to
bear.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.] "This is <i>stiff</i> news."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Bearing a press of canvas
without careening much; as, a <i>stiff</i> vessel; -- opposed to
<i>crank</i>.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Very large, strong, or costly; powerful;
as, a <i>stiff</i> charge; a <i>stiff</i> price.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Stiff neck</b></col>, <cd>a condition of the neck such that
the head can not be moved without difficulty and pain.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rigid; inflexible; strong; hardly; stubborn;
obstinate; pertinacious; harsh; formal; constrained; affected;
starched; rigorous.</p>

<p><hw>Stiff"-backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Obstinate.</def>  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stiffened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stiffening</u>.] [See <u>Stiff</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make stiff; to make less pliant or flexible; as, to <i>stiffen</i>
cloth with starch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stiffen</i> the sinews, summon up the
blood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To inspissate; to make more thick or
viscous; as, to <i>stiffen</i> paste.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make torpid; to benumb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become stiff or
stiffer, in any sense of the adjective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like bristles rose my <i>stiffening</i>
hair.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tender soil then <i>stiffening</i> by
degrees.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some souls we see,<BR>
Grow hard and <i>stiffen</i> with adversity.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, stiffens anything, as a piece of stiff cloth in a
cravat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act or process of making stiff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something used to make anything
stiff.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stiffening order</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a permission
granted by the customs department to take cargo or ballast on board
before the old cargo is out, in order to steady the ship.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stiff</i> +
<i>heart</i>.] <def>Obstinate; stubborn; contumacious.</def>  <i>Ezek.
ii. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
stiff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stiff
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"-necked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stubborn;
inflexibly obstinate; contumacious; as, <i>stiff-necked</i> pride; a
<i>stiff-necked</i> people.</def>  <i>Ex. xxxii. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"-neck`ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being stiff-necked; stubbornness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being stiff; as, the <i>stiffness</i> of cloth or of paste;
<i>stiffness</i> of manner; <i>stiffness</i> of character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vices of old age have the <i>stiffness</i> of it
too.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stiff"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The ruddy
duck.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stiff"-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the quill feathers of the tail
somewhat rigid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Stiff</u>.]
<i>(Far.)</i> <def>The joint next above the hock, and near the flank,
in the hind leg of the horse and allied animals; the joint
corresponding to the knee in man; -- called also <i>stifle joint</i>.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Horse</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stifle bone</b></col>, <cd>a small bone at the stifle
joint; the patella, or kneepan.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sti"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stifled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stifling</u> (?).] [Freq. of OE. <i>stif</i> stiff; cf. Icel.
<i>st&imacr;fla</i> to dam up.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stop the
breath of by crowding something into the windpipe, or introducing an
irrespirable substance into the lungs; to choke; to suffocate; to
cause the death of by such means; as, to <i>stifle</i> one with smoke
or dust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stifled</i> with kisses, a sweet death he
dies.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I took my leave, being half <i>stifled</i> with the
closeness of the room.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stop; to extinguish; to deaden; to
quench; as, to <i>stifle</i> the breath; to <i>stifle</i> a fire or
flame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bodies . . . <i>stifle</i> in themselves the rays which
they do not reflect or transmit.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suppress the manifestation or report of;
to smother; to conceal from public knowledge; as, to <i>stifle</i> a
story; to <i>stifle</i> passion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I desire only to have things fairly represented as they
really are; no evidence smothered or <i>stifled</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To die by reason
of obstruction of the breath, or because some noxious substance
prevents respiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall <i>stifle</i> in your own
report.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti"fled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Stifling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The close and <i>stifled</i> study.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, stifles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>See
<u>Camouflet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stig"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Stigmas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Stigmata</b></plw> (#). [L.,
a mark, a brand, from Gr. &?;, &?;, the prick or mark of a pointed
instrument, a spot, mark, from &?; to prick, to brand. See
<u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark
made with a burning iron; a brand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any mark of infamy or disgrace; sign of
moral blemish; stain or reproach caused by dishonorable conduct;
reproachful characterization.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The blackest <i>stigma</i> that can be fastened upon
him.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All such slaughters were from thence called Bartelmies,
simply in a perpetual <i>stigma</i> of that butchery.</blockquote>
<i>Sir G. Buck.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That part of a pistil which
has no epidermis, and is fitted to receive the pollen. It is usually
the terminal portion, and is commonly somewhat glutinous or viscid.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Stamen</u> and of <u>Flower</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A small spot, mark, scar, or
a minute hole; -- applied especially to a spot on the outer surface of
a Graafian follicle, and to spots of intercellular substance in scaly
epithelium, or to minute holes in such spots.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Pathol.)</i> <def>A red speck upon the skin,
produced either by the extravasation of blood, as in the bloody sweat
characteristic of certain varieties of religious ecstasy, or by
capillary congestion, as in the case of drunkards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the external openings of the trache&aelig; of insects, myriapods,
and other arthropods; a spiracle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One
of the apertures of the pulmonary sacs of arachnids. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Scorpion</u>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One
of the apertures of the gill of an ascidian, and of
Amphioxus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A point so connected by any
law whatever with another point, called an <i>index</i>, that as the
index moves in any manner in a plane the first point or stigma moves
in a determinate way in the same plane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Marks
believed to have been supernaturally impressed upon the bodies of
certain persons in imitation of the wounds on the crucified body of
Christ. See def. 5, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stig*ma"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Stigma</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>The fossil root stem of a coal
plant of the genus <i>Sigillaria</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stig"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Stigma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stig*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A notorious profligate or criminal who has been branded; one who
bears the marks of infamy or punishment.</def> [R.]
<i>Bullokar.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who is marked or deformed by
nature.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stig*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Stig*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stigma</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Marked with a stigma, or with something reproachful to
character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Impressing with infamy or reproach.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot., Anat., etc)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to a stigma or stigmata.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stigmatic geometry</b></col>, or
<col><b>Stigmatics</b></col>, <cd>that science in which the
correspondence of index and stigma (see <u>Stigma</u>, 7) is made use
of to establish geometrical proportions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stig*mat"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a
stigma, or mark of infamy or deformity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stig"ma*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One believed
to be supernaturally impressed with the marks of Christ's wounds. See
<u>Stigma</u>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stig`ma*ti*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of stigmatizing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The production of
stigmata upon the body. See <u>Stigma</u>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stig"ma*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stigmatized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stigmatizing</u> (?).] [F. <i>stigmatiser</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark with a stigma, or brand; as, the
ancients <i>stigmatized</i> their slaves and soldiers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That . . . hold out both their ears with such delight
and ravishment, to be <i>stigmatized</i> and bored through in witness
of their own voluntary and beloved baseness.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set a mark of disgrace on; to brand with
some mark of reproach or infamy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To find virtue extolled and vice
<i>stigmatized</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stig"ma*tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Stigmatic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stig"o*no*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
one who is marked, or one who marks (&?; to mark with a pointed
instrument, to prick) + <i>-mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by writing on
the bark of a tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stich</u>.]
<def>Stanza.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sackville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Stile</u> a
style.] <def>Of or pertaining to the style of a dial.</def> [Written
also <i>stylar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stil"bene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stilbite</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon, C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>12</sub>,
produced artificially in large, fine crystals; -- called also
<i>diphenyl ethylene</i>, <i>toluylene</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stil"bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to glitter,
shine: cf. F. <i>stilbite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A common mineral of
the zeolite family, a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime, usually
occurring in sheaflike aggregations of crystals, also in radiated
masses. It is of a white or yellowish color, with pearly luster on the
cleavage surface. Called also <i>desmine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Style</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pin set on the face of a dial, to cast a
shadow; a style. See <u>Style</u>.</def>  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mode of composition. See
<u>Style</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>May I not write in such a <i>stile</i> as
this?</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stile</i>, AS.
<i>stigel</i> a step, a ladder, from <i>st&imacr;gan</i> to ascend;
akin to OHG. <i>stigila</i> a stile. &radic;164. See <u>Sty</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Stair</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A step, or set of steps, for ascending and descending, in passing
a fence or wall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There comes my master . . . over the <i>stile</i>, this
way.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Over this <i>stile</i> in the way to Doubting
Castle.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the upright pieces in
a frame; one of the primary members of a frame, into which the
secondary members are mortised.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In an ordinary door the principal upright pieces are called
<i>stiles</i>, the subordinate upright pieces <i>mullions</i>, and the
crosspieces <i>rails</i>. In wainscoting the principal pieces are
sometimes called <i>stiles</i>, even when horizontal.</p>

<p><col><b>Hanging stile</b></col>, <col><b>Pulley stile</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Hanging</u>, and <u>Pulley</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sti"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>stilette</i>, and <i>stylet</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
stiletto.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>See <u>Stylet</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti*let"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stilettos</b></plw> (#). [It., dim. of <i>stilo</i> a dagger,
fr. L. <i>stilus</i> a pointed instrument. See <u>Style</u> for
writing, and cf. <u>Stylet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of
dagger with a slender, rounded, and pointed blade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pointed instrument for making eyelet
holes in embroidery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A beard trimmed into a pointed form.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The very quack of fashions, the very he that<BR>
Wears a <i>stiletto</i> on his chin.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti*let"to</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stilettoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stilettoing</u> (?).] <def>To stab or kill with a stiletto.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Stiller</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stillest</u>.] [OE.
<i>stille</i>, AS. <i>stille</i>; akin to D. <i>stil</i>, OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>stilli</i>, G. <i>still</i>, Dan. <i>stille</i>, Sw. <i>stilla</i>,
and to E. <i>stall</i>; from the idea of coming to a stand, or halt.
Cf. <u>Still</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Motionless; at rest; quiet; as, to stand <i>still</i>; to lie or
sit <i>still</i>.</def> "<i>Still</i> as any stone."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uttering no sound; silent; as, the audience
is <i>still</i>; the animals are <i>still</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sea that roared at thy command,<BR>
At thy command was <i>still</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not disturbed by noise or agitation; quiet;
calm; as, a <i>still</i> evening; a <i>still</i> atmosphere.</def>
"When all the woods are <i>still</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Comparatively quiet or silent; soft;
gentle; low.</def> "A <i>still</i> small voice."  <i>1 Kings xix.
12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Constant; continual.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>still</i> practice learn to know thy
meaning.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not effervescing; not sparkling; as,
<i>still</i> wines.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Still life</b></col>. <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Inanimate objects</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Painting)</i> <cd>The class or style of painting which represents
inanimate objects, as fruit, flowers, dead game, etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Quiet; calm; noiseless; serene; motionless; inert;
stagnant.</p>

<p><hw>Still</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>stille</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from noise; calm; silence; as, the
<i>still</i> of midnight.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A steep hill or ascent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stille</i> quietly.
See <u>Still</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> The modern senses come from the
idea of stopping and <i>staying</i> still, or motionless.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To this time; until and during the time now
present; now no less than before; yet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It hath been anciently reported, and is <i>still</i>
received.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the future as now and before.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hourly joys be <i>still</i> upon you!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In continuation by successive or repeated
acts; always; ever; constantly; uniformly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The desire of fame betrays an ambitious man into
indecencies that lessen his reputation; he is <i>still</i> afraid lest
any of his actions should be thrown away in private.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Chemists would be rich if they could <i>still</i> do in
great quantities what they have sometimes done in little.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In an increasing or additional degree; even
more; -- much used with comparatives.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The guilt being great, the fear doth <i>still</i>
exceed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Notwithstanding what has been said or done;
in spite of what has occured; nevertheless; -- sometimes used as a
conjunction. See Synonym of <u>But</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As sunshine, broken in the rill,<BR>
Though turned astray, is sunshine <i>still</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>After that; after what is stated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the primitive church, such as by fear being
compelled to sacrifice to strange gods, after repented, and kept
<i>still</i> the office of preaching the gospel.</blockquote>
<i>Whitgift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Still and anon</b></col>, <cd>at intervals and repeatedly;
continually; ever and anon; now and then.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And like the watchful minutes to the hour,<BR>
<i>Still and anon</i> cheered up the heavy time.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stilling</u>.] [AS. <i>stillan</i>, from <i>stille</i> still,
quiet, firm. See <u>Still</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stop, as motion or agitation; to cause to
become quiet, or comparatively quiet; to check the agitation of; as,
to <i>still</i> the raging sea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He having a full sway over the water, had power to
<i>still</i> and compose it, as well as to move and disturb
it.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stop, as noise; to silence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With his name the mothers <i>still</i> their
babies.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To appease; to calm; to quiet, as tumult,
agitation, or excitement; as, to <i>still</i> the passions.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Toil that would, at least, have <i>stilled</i> an
unquiet impulse in me.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To quiet; calm; allay; lull; pacify; appease;
subdue; suppress; silence; stop; check; restrain.</p>

<p><! p. 1415 !></p>

<p><hw>Still</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>stillatorie</i>. See <u>Still</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, to
distill.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vessel, boiler, or copper used in
the distillation of liquids; specifically, one used for the
distillation of alcoholic liquors; a retort. The name is sometimes
applied to the whole apparatus used in in vaporization and
condensation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A house where liquors are distilled; a
distillery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Still watcher</b></col>, <cd>a device for indicating the
progress of distillation by the density of the liquid given over.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Abbreviated fr.
<i>distill</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to fall by
drops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expel spirit from by heat, or to
evaporate and condense in a refrigeratory; to distill.</def>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>stillare</i>.  Cf.
<u>Distill</u>.] <def>To drop, or flow in drops; to distill.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stil"lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bleaching)</i>
<def>A low stool to keep the goods from touching the floor.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stil`la*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stillaticius</i>, fr. <i>stillare</i> to drop, <i>stilla</i> a
drop.] <def>Falling in drops; drawn by a still.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stil"la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Still</u>, for <i>distill</i>.
Cf. <u>Still</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>Distillatory</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An alembic; a vessel for
distillation.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A laboratory; a place or room in which
distillation is performed.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i> <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"birth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The birth of a
dead fetus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Still"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Dead at the birth; as, a <i>stillborn</i> child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Abortive; as, a <i>stillborn</i>
poem.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"-burn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>still-burnt</u> (?) or <u>Still-burned</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Still-burning</u>.] <def>To burn
in the process of distillation; as, to <i>still-burn</i>
brandy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Still"-clos"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ever
closing.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Still-clothing</i> waters."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who stills, or
quiets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Still"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house in
which distillation is carried on; a distillery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Still"-hunt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hunting for
game in a quiet and cautious manner, or under cover; stalking; hence,
colloquially, the pursuit of any object quietly and cautiously.</def>
-- <wf>Still"-hunt`er</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Still"-
hunt`ing</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stil"li*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stillicidium</i>; <i>stilla</i> a drop + <i>cadere</i> to fall.]
<def>A continual falling or succession of drops; rain water falling
from the eaves.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stil`li*cid"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Falling
in drops.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stil"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stilla</i> a
drop + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a drop.</def>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LG.
<i>stelling</i>, G. <i>stellen</i> to set, to place.] <def>A
stillion.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stil"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stilling</u>.]
<def>A stand, as for casks or vats in a brewery, or for pottery while
drying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Still"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being still; quietness; silence;
calmness; inactivity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Painting, then, was the art demanded by the modern
intellect upon its emergence from the <i>stillness</i> of the Middle
Ages.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Habitual silence or quiet;
taciturnity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gravity and <i>stillness</i> of your youth<BR>
The world hath noted.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A room for distilling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An apartment in a house where liquors,
preserves, and the like, are kept.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Floors are rubbed bright, . . . <i>stillroom</i> and
kitchen cleared for action.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"stand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
standstill.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Still"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Still; quiet;
calm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>stilly</i> hour when storms are
gone.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stil"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a still
manner; quietly; silently; softly.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The hum of either army <i>stilly</i>
sounds.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stilp*nom"e*lane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>stilpno`s</grk> shining + <grk>me`las</grk>, <grk>-anos</grk>,
black.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A black or greenish black mineral occurring
in foliated flates, also in velvety bronze-colored incrustations. It
is a hydrous silicate of iron and alumina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stilt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stilte</i>; akin
to Dan. <i>stylte</i>, Sw. <i>stylta</i>, LG. &amp; D. <i>stelt</i>, OHG.
<i>stelza</i>, G. <i>stelze</i>, and perh. to E. <i>stout</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pole, or piece of wood, constructed with a
step or loop to raise the foot above the ground in walking. It is
sometimes lashed to the leg, and sometimes prolonged upward so as to
be steadied by the hand or arm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ambition is but avarice on <i>stilts</i>, and
masked.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A crutch; also, the handle of a plow.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
limicoline birds belonging to <i>Himantopus</i> and allied genera, in
which the legs are remarkably long and slender. Called also
<i>longshanks</i>, <i>stiltbird</i>, <i>stilt plover</i>, and
<i>lawyer</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The American species (<i>Himantopus Mexicanus</i>) is well
known. The European and Asiatic stilt (<i>H. candidus</i>) is usually
white, except the wings and interscapulars, which are greenish black.
The white-headed stilt (<i>H. leucocephalus</i>) and the banded stilt
(<i>Cladorhynchus pectoralis</i>) are found in Australia.</p>

<p><col><b>Stilt plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
stilt.</cd> -- <col><b>Stilt sandpiper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>an American sandpiper (<i>Micropalama himantopus</i>) having long
legs. The bill is somewhat expanded at the tip.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stilt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stilted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stilting</u>.] <def>To raise on stilts, or as if on
stilts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stilt"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Stilt</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stilt"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Elevated as if on
stilts; hence, pompous; bombastic; as, a <i>stilted</i> style;
<i>stilted</i> declamation.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Stilted arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an arch in which
the springing line is some distance above the impost, the space
between being occupied by a vertical member, molded or ornamented, as
a continuation of the archivolt, intrados, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stilt"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Stilt</i> +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To raise upon stilts, or as upon stilts; to
stilt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stilt"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unreasonably
elevated; pompous; stilted; as, a <i>stilty</i> style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stime</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymology uncertain.]
<def>A slight gleam or glimmer; a glimpse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stimulans</i>, p. pr.; cf. F. <i>stimulant</i>. See
<u>Stimulate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Serving to
stimulate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Produced increased vital
action in the organism, or in any of its parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*lant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stimulant</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which stimulates,
provokes, or excites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His feelings had been exasperated by the constant
application of <i>stimulants</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>An agent which
produces a temporary increase of vital activity in the organism, or in
any of its parts; -- sometimes used without qualification to signify
an alcoholic beverage used as a stimulant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stimulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stimulating</u>.] [L. <i>stimulatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>stimulare</i> to prick or goad on, to incite, fr. <i>stimulus</i> a
goad. See <u>Stimulus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To excite as if
with a goad; to excite, rouse, or animate, to action or more vigorous
exertion by some pungent motive or by persuasion; as, to
<i>stimulate</i> one by the hope of reward, or by the prospect of
glory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To excite and <i>stimulate</i> us
thereunto.</blockquote> <i>Dr. J. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To excite; to irritate;
especially, to excite the activity of (a nerve or an irritable
muscle), as by electricity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To animate; incite; encourage; impel; urge;
instigate; irritate; exasperate; incense.</p>

<p><hw>Stim`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stimulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>stimulation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of stimulating, or the state of being
stimulated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The irritating action of
various agents (stimuli) on muscles, nerves, or a sensory end organ,
by which activity is evoked; especially, the nervous impulse produced
by various agents on nerves, or a sensory end organ, by which the part
connected with the nerve is thrown into a state of activity;
irritation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
quality of stimulating.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
stimulates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>stimulateur</i>.] <def>One who stimulates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*la`tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
stimulates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The theory of medical practice which regarded
life as dependent upon stimulation, or excitation, and disease as
caused by excess or deficiency in the amount of stimulation.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The practice of treating disease by alcoholic
stimulants.</def>  <i>Dr. H. Hartshorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stim"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stimuli</b></plw> (#). [L., for <i>stigmulus</i>, akin to L.
<i>instigare</i> to stimulate. See <u>Instigare</u>, <u>Stick</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A goad; hence,
something that rouses the mind or spirits; an incentive; as, the hope
of gain is a powerful <i>stimulus</i> to labor and action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which excites or produces a temporary
increase of vital action, either in the whole organism or in any of
its parts; especially <i>(Physiol.)</i>, any substance or agent
capable of evoking the activity of a nerve or irritable muscle, or
capable of producing an impression upon a sensory organ or more
particularly upon its specific end organ.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Of the stimuli applied to the sensory apparatus,
physiologists distinguish two kinds: (<i>a</i>) <i>Homologous
stimuli</i>, which act only upon the end organ, and for whose action
the sense organs are especially adapted, as the rods and cones of the
retina for the vibrations of the either. (<i>b</i>) <i>Heterologous
stimuli</i>, which are mechanical, chemical, electrical, etc., and act
upon the nervous elements of the sensory apparatus along their entire
course, producing, for example, the flash of light beheld when the eye
is struck.  <i>Landois &amp; Stirling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sting</i> a sting.
See <u>Sting</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any sharp organ of offense and defense,
especially when connected with a poison gland, and adapted to inflict
a wound by piercing; as the caudal <i>sting</i> of a scorpion. The
sting of a bee or wasp is a modified ovipositor. The caudal sting, or
spine, of a sting ray is a modified dorsal fin ray. The term is
sometimes applied to the fang of a serpent. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Scorpion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A sharp-pointed hollow hair
seated on a gland which secrets an acrid fluid, as in nettles. The
points of these hairs usually break off in the wound, and the acrid
fluid is pressed into it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything that gives acute pain, bodily or
mental; as, the <i>stings</i> of remorse; the <i>stings</i> of
reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sting</i> of death is sin.</blockquote> <i>1
Cor. xv. 56.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The thrust of a sting into the flesh; the
act of stinging; a wound inflicted by stinging.</def> "The lurking
serpent's mortal <i>sting</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A goad; incitement.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The point of an epigram or other sarcastic
saying.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sting moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Australian
moth (<i>Doratifera vulnerans</i>) whose larva is armed, at each end
of the body, with four tubercles bearing powerful stinging
organs.</cd> -- <col><b>Sting ray</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See under 6th <u>Ray</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sting winkle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a spinose marine univalve shell of the genus
Murex, as the European species (<i>Murex erinaceus</i>). See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Murex</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sting</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stung</u> (?) (Archaic <u>Stang</u> (&?;)); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Stinging</u>.] [AS. <i>stingan</i>; akin to
Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>stinga</i>, Dan. <i>stinge</i>, and probably to E.
<i>stick</i>, v.t.; cf. Goth. us<i>stiggan</i> to put out, pluck out.
Cf. <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pierce or wound with a sting; as, bees will <i>sting</i> an animal
that irritates them; the nettles <i>stung</i> his hands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pain acutely; as, the conscience is
<i>stung</i> with remorse; to bite.</def> "Slander <i>stings</i> the
brave."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To goad; to incite, as by taunts or
reproaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sting`a*ree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any sting ray. See under 6th <u>Ray</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sting"bull`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European greater weever fish (<i>Trachinus draco</i>), which
is capable of inflicting severe wounds with the spinous rays of its
dorsal fin. See <u>Weever</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sting"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Professor E. Forbes states that only a small minority
of the medus&aelig; of our seas are <i>stingers</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sting"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The weever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stin"gi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stingy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stin"gi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being stingy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sting"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Piercing, or
capable of piercing, with a sting; inflicting acute pain as if with a
sting, goad, or pointed weapon; pungent; biting; as, <i>stinging</i>
cold; a <i>stinging</i> rebuke.</def> -- <wf>Sting"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Stinging cell</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Lasso cell</i>, under <u>Lasso</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sting"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
sting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stin"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sting</u>.]
<def>Old beer; sharp or strong liquor.</def> [Old Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>Shall I set a cup of old <i>stingo</i> at your
elbow?</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sting"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A sting ray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sting"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stinging; able to
sting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stin"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stingier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stingiest</u>.] [Probably from
<i>sting</i>, and meaning originally, stinging; hence, biting, nipping
(of the wind), churlish, avaricious; or cf. E. <i>skinch</i>.]
<def>Extremely close and covetous; meanly avaricious; niggardly;
miserly; penurious; as, a <i>stingy</i> churl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>stingy</i>, narrow-hearted fellow that had a deal
of choice fruit, had not the heart to touch it till it began to be
rotten.</blockquote> <i>L'estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stunk</u> (?), <u>Stank</u> (&?;), <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Stinking</u>.] [AS. <i>stinkan</i> to have a smell
(whether good or bad); akin to OHG. <i>stinchan</i>, G. &amp; D.
<i>stinken</i> to stink; of uncertain origin; cf. Icel.
<i>st&ouml;kkva</i> to leap, to spring, Goth. <i>stigqan</i> to push,
strike, or Gr. &?; rancid.  Cf. <u>Stench</u>.] <def>To emit a strong,
offensive smell; to send out a disgusting odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to stink; to
affect by a stink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stinc</i>.] <def>A
strong, offensive smell; a disgusting odor; a stench.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fire stink</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Fire</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stink-fire lance</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Lance</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Stink rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the musk
turtle.</cd> [Local, U.S.] -- <col><b>Stink shad</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the gizzard shad.</cd> [Local, U.S.] --
<col><b>Stink trap</b></col>, <cd>a stench trap. See under
<u>Stench</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stink"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A mean, stinking, paltry fellow.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The teledu of the East
Indies. It emits a disagreeable odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A composition
of substances which in combustion emit a suffocating odor; -- used
formerly in naval warfare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, stinks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the several
species of large antarctic petrels which feed on blubber and carrion
and have an offensive odor, as the giant fulmar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of fungus of the genus <i>Phallus</i>, which emits a fetid
odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Stink</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Stinking badger</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
teledu.</cd> -- <col><b>Stinking cedar</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the California nutmeg tree; also, a related tree of Florida
(<i>Torreya taxifolia</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stink"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stinking
manner; with an offensive smell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An earthen jar charged with powder, grenades, and other materials
of an offensive and suffocating smell, -- sometimes used in boarding
an enemy's vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel in which disinfectants are
burned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The musk turtle, or
musk tortoise. See under <u>Musk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>One of the varieties of calcite, barite, and feldspar, which emit
a fetid odor on being struck; -- called also
<i>swinestone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stink"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Stramonium. See <u>Jamestown weed</u>, and
<u>Datura</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1416 !></p>

<p><hw>Stink"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name given to several kinds of wood with an unpleasant smell, as that
of the <i>F&oelig;tidia Mauritiana</i> of the Mauritius, and that of
the South African <i>Ocotea bullata</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several species of small
sandpipers, as the sanderling of Europe and America, the dunlin, the
little stint of India (<i>Tringa minuta</i>), etc. Called also
<i>pume</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A phalarope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stinted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stinting</u>.] [OE. <i>stinten</i>, <i>stenten</i>, <i>stunten</i>,
to cause to cease, AS. <i>styntan</i> (in comp.) to blunt, dull, fr.
<i>stunt</i> dull, stupid; akin to Icel. <i>stytta</i> to shorten,
<i>stuttr</i> short, dial, Sw. <i>stynta</i> to shorten, <i>stunt</i>
short.  Cf. <u>Stent</u>, <u>Stunt</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
restrain within certain limits; to bound; to confine; to restrain; to
restrict to a scant allowance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall not go about to extenuate the latitude of the
curse upon the earth, or <i>stint</i> it only to the production of
weeds.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>stints</i> them in their meals.</blockquote>
<i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put an end to; to stop.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To assign a certain (<i>i. e.</i>, limited)
task to (a person), upon the performance of which one is excused from
further labor for the day or for a certain time; to stent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To serve successfully; to get with foal; --
said of mares.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The majority of maiden mares will become <i>stinted</i>
while at work.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stint</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stop; to
cease.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>They can not <i>stint</i> till no thing be
left.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>stint</i> thou too, I pray thee.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The damsel <i>stinted</i> in her song.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also written <i>stent</i>.
See <u>Stint</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Limit; bound; restraint; extent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God has wrote upon no created thing the utmost
<i>stint</i> of his power.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Quantity or task assigned; proportion
allotted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His old <i>stint</i> -- three thousand pounds a
year.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stint"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Restraint;
stoppage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stint"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being stinted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stint"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stint"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without stint or
restraint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>stintless</i>tears of old
Heraclitus.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stipes</i> a stock,
post, branch: cf. F. <i>stipe</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The stalk or petiole of a frond, as of a fern.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The stalk of a pistil.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The trunk of a tree.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The stem of a fungus or mushroom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti"pel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stipule</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The stipule of a leaflet.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti*pel"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having stipels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti"pend</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stipendium</i>;
<i>stips</i>, gen. <i>stipis</i>, a gift, donation, given in small
coin + <i>pendere</i> to weigh or pay out.] <def>Settled pay or
compensation for services, whether paid daily, monthly, or
annually.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sti"pend</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pay by settled
wages.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sti*pen`di*a"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting
from mercenary considerations; stipendiary.</def>  <i>A.
Seward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti*pen"di*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stipendiarius</i>: cf. F. <i>stipendiaire</i>.] <def>Receiving
wages, or salary; performing services for a stated price or
compensation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His great <i>stipendiary</i> prelates came with troops
of evil-appointed horseman not half full.</blockquote>
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti*pen"di*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stipendiaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who receives a
stipend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou art become<BR>
A tyrant's vile <i>stipendiary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti*pen"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stipendiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>stipendiari</i> to receive pay.]
<def>To provide with a stipend, or salary; to support; to pay.</def>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is good to endow colleges, and to found chairs, and
to <i>stipendiate</i> professors.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti"pend*less</hw> (st&imacr;"p&ebreve;nd*l&ebreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no stipend.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sti"pes</hw> (-p&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stipites</b></plw> (#). [L., a stock.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The second joint of a maxilla of an insect or
a crustacean.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An eyestalk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>stipitatus</i>, from L. <i>stipes</i>, gen. <i>stipitis</i>, a
stock. See <u>Stipe</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Supported by a stipe;
elevated on a stipe, as the fronds of most ferns, or the pod of
certain cruciferous plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"i*ti*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stipes</i> +
<i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the shape of a stalk;
stalklike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stippled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stippling</u> (?).] [D. <i>stippelen</i> to make points, to spot,
dot, from <i>stippel</i>, dim. of <i>stip</i> a dot, spot.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To engrave by means of dots, in distinction
from engraving in lines.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The interlaying of small pieces can not altogether
avoid a broken, <i>stippled</i>, spotty effect.</blockquote>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To paint, as in water colors, by small,
short touches which together produce an even or softly graded
surface.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stip"ple</hw> (?), <hw>Stip"pling</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Engraving)</i> <def>A mode of execution which
produces the effect by dots or small points instead of
lines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A mode of execution in
which a flat or even tint is produced by many small touches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>See <u>Styptic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stip"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Stipulas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Stipul&aelig;</b></plw>
(#). [L., a stalk, stem.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
stipule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A newly sprouted
feather.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stip`u*la"ceous</hw> (?), <hw>Stip"u*lar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>stipulac&eacute;</i>,
<i>stipulaire</i>. See <u>Stipula</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to stipules; resembling stipules; furnished with stipules;
growing on stipules, or close to them; occupying the position of
stipules; as, <i>stipular</i> glands and <i>stipular</i>
tendrils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to stipules; stipular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Furnished with stipules; as, a <i>stipulate</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stipulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stipulating</u>.] [L. <i>stipulatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>stipulari</i> to stipulate, fr. OL. <i>stipulus</i> firm, fast;
probably akin to L. <i>stipes</i> a post.  Cf. <u>Stiff</u>.] <def>To
make an agreement or covenant with any person or company to do or
forbear anything; to bargain; to contract; to settle terms; as,
certain princes <i>stipulated</i> to assist each other in resisting
the armies of France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stipulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>stipulation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of stipulating; a contracting or bargaining; an
agreement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is stipulated, or agreed upon;
that which is definitely arranged or contracted; an agreement; a
covenant; a contract or bargain; also, any particular article, item,
or condition, in a mutual agreement; as, the <i>stipulations</i> of
the allied powers to furnish each his contingent of troops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A material article of an
agreement; an undertaking in the nature of bail taken in the admiralty
courts; a bargain.</def>  <i>Bouvier. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Agreement; contract; engagement. See
<u>Covenant</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Stip`u*la"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stipule</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The situation, arrangement, and structure of the
stipules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
stipulates, contracts, or covenants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stipula</i> a
stalk, stem, straw: cf. F. <i>stipule</i>.  Cf. <u>Stubble</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An appendage at the base of petioles or leaves,
usually somewhat resembling a small leaf in texture and
appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stip"uled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Furnished with stipules, or leafy appendages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stir</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stirred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stirring</u>.] [OE. <i>stiren</i>, <i>steren</i>, <i>sturen</i>,
AS. <i>styrian</i>; probably akin to D. <i>storen</i> to disturb, G.
<i>st&ouml;ren</i>, OHG. <i>st&omacr;ren</i> to scatter, destroy.
&radic;166.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To change the place of in any
manner; to move.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My foot I had never yet in five days been able to
<i>stir</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disturb the relative position of the
particles of, as of a liquid, by passing something through it; to
agitate; as, to <i>stir</i> a pudding with a spoon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My mind is troubled, like a fountain
<i>stirred</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring into debate; to agitate; to
moot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stir</i> not questions of jurisdiction.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To incite to action; to arouse; to
instigate; to prompt; to excite.</def> "To <i>stir</i> men to
devotion."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An Ate, <i>stirring</i> him to blood and
strife.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And for her sake some mutiny will
<i>stir</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In all senses except the first, <i>stir</i> is often
followed by <i>up</i> with an intensive effect; as, to <i>stir</i> up
fire; to <i>stir</i> up sedition.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To move; incite; awaken; rouse; animate; stimulate;
excite; provoke.</p>

<p><hw>Stir</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
move; to change one's position.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had not power to <i>stir</i> or strive,<BR>
But felt that I was still alive.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in motion; to be active or bustling;
to exert or busy one's self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All are not fit with them to <i>stir</i> and
toil.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The friends of the unfortunate exile, far from
resenting his unjust suspicions, were <i>stirring</i> anxiously in his
behalf.</blockquote> <i>Merivale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To become the object of notice; to be on
foot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They fancy they have a right to talk freely upon
everything that <i>stirs</i> or appears.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To rise, or be up, in the morning.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stir</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or result of stirring; agitation; tumult; bustle; noise or various
movements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why all these words, this clamor, and this
<i>stir</i>?</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Consider, after so much <i>stir</i> about genus and
species, how few words we have yet settled definitions
of.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Public disturbance or commotion; tumultuous
disorder; seditious uproar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being advertised of some <i>stirs</i> raised by his
unnatural sons in England.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Agitation of thoughts; conflicting
passions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stir"a*bout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dish formed
of oatmeal boiled in water to a certain consistency and frequently
stirred, or of oatmeal and dripping mixed together and stirred about
in a pan; a hasty pudding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stir"i*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stiria</i>
an icicle.] <def>Adorned with pendants like icicles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stir"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stiria an
icicle</i>.] <def>Resembling icicles.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stirk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stric</i>, from
<i>ste&oacute;r</i> a steer. See <u>Steer</u> a young ox.] <def>A
young bullock or heifer.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stir"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without stirring;
very quiet; motionless.</def> "Lying helpless and <i>stirless</i>."
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stirp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stirps</i>,
<i>stirpis</i>.] <def>Stock; race; family.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stir"pi*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stirps</i>, <i>stirpis</i>, stem, stock, race + <i>cultura</i>
culture.] <def>The breeding of special stocks or races.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stirps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stirpes</b></plw> (#). [L., stem, stock.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Stock; race; family.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A race, or a fixed and
permanent variety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stir"rage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
stirring; stir; commotion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T. Granger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stir"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stirs something; also, one who moves about, especially after
sleep; as, an early <i>stirrer</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stirrer up</b></col>, <cd>an instigator or inciter.</cd>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stir"ring</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Putting in
motion, or being in motion; active; active in business; habitually
employed in some kind of business; accustomed to a busy
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A more <i>stirring</i> and intellectual age than any
which had gone before it.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Animating; arousing; awakening; stimulating;
quickening; exciting.</p>

<p><hw>Stir"rup</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stirop</i>, AS.
<i>stigr&amacr;p</i>; <i>st&imacr;gan</i> to mount, ascend +
<i>r&amacr;p</i> a rope; akin to G. <i>stegreif</i> a stirrup.
&radic;164. See <u>Sty</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and <u>Rope</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of ring, or bent piece of metal, wood,
leather, or the like, horizontal in one part for receiving the foot of
a rider, and attached by a strap to the saddle, -- used to assist a
person in mounting a horse, and to enable him to sit steadily in
riding, as well as to relieve him by supporting a part of the weight
of the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our host upon his <i>stirpoes</i> stood
anon.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Carp. &amp; Mach.)</i> <def>Any piece resembling
in shape the stirrup of a saddle, and used as a support, clamp, etc.
See <u>Bridle iron</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope secured to a yard,
with a thimble in its lower end for supporting a footrope.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stirrup bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the stapes.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stirrup cup</b></col>, <cd>a parting cup taken after
mounting.</cd> -- <col><b>Stirrup iron</b></col>, <cd>an iron
stirrup.</cd> -- <col><b>Stirrup leather</b></col>, or <col><b>Stirrup
strap</b></col>, <cd>the strap which attaches a stirrup to the saddle.
See <u>Stirrup</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stirt</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Start</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Started; leaped.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They privily be <i>stirt</i> into a well.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stir"te</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Start</u>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos></def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stitch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stiche</i>, AS.
<i>stice</i> a pricking, akin to <i>stician</i> to prick. See
<u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
single pass of a needle in sewing; the loop or turn of the thread thus
made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A single turn of the thread round a needle
in knitting; a link, or loop, of yarn; as, to let down, or drop, a
<i>stitch</i>; to take up a <i>stitch</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. OE. <i>sticche</i>, <i>stecche</i>,
<i>stucche</i>, a piece, AS. <i>stycce</i>.  Cf. <u>Stock</u>.] <def>A
space of work taken up, or gone over, in a single pass of the needle;
hence, by extension, any space passed over; distance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have gone a good <i>stitch</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In Syria the husbandmen go lightly over with their
plow, and take no deep <i>stitch</i> in making their
furrows.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A local sharp pain; an acute pain, like the
piercing of a needle; as, a <i>stitch</i> in the side.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was taken with a cold and with <i>stitches</i>,
which was, indeed, a pleurisy.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A contortion, or twist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If you talk,<BR>
Or pull your face into a <i>stitch</i> again,<BR>
I shall be angry.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Any least part of a fabric or dress; as, to
wet every <i>stitch</i> of clothes.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A furrow.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chain stitch</b></col>, <col><b>Lock stitch</b></col>.
<cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Pearl</b></col>, or
<col><b>Purl stitch</b></col>. <cd>See 2nd <u>Purl</u>, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stitch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stitched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stitching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form stitches in;
especially, to sew in such a manner as to show on the surface a
continuous line of stitches; as, to <i>stitch</i> a shirt
bosom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sew, or unite together by stitches; as,
to <i>stitch</i> printed sheets in making a book or a
pamphlet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To form land into
ridges.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To stitch up</b></col>, <cd>to mend or unite with a needle
and thread; as, <i>to stitch up</i> a rent; <i>to stitch up</i> an
artery.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stitch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice
stitching, or needlework.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stitch"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of hairy
wool.</def> [Prov.]</p>

<p><hw>Stitch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who stitches;
a seamstress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stitch"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Needlework; --
in contempt.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stitch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who stitches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Work done by sewing, esp. when a continuous
line of stitches is shown on the surface; stitches,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stitch"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Stichwort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stith</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>st&imacr;&eth;</i>.] <def>Strong; stiff; rigid.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stith</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>ste&eth;i</i> an
anvil, akin to <i>sta&eth;r</i> place. See <u>Stead</u>.] <def>An
anvil; a stithy.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He invented also pincers, hammers, iron crows, and the
anvil, or <i>stith</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stith"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stith</u>, and
cf. <u>Stiddy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An anvil.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A smith's shop; a smithy; a smithery; a
forge.</def> "As foul as Vulcan's <i>stithy</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stith"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To forge on an
anvil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The forge that <i>stithied</i> Mars his
helm.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stiving</u>.] [Probably fr. F. <i>estiver</i> to compress, stow, L.
<i>stipare</i>: cf. It. <i>stivare</i>, Sp. <i>estivar</i>.  Cf.
<u>Stevedore</u>, <u>Stiff</u>.] <def>To stuff; to crowd; to fill
full; hence, to make hot and close; to render stifling.</def>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His chamber was commonly <i>stived</i> with friends or
suitors of one kind or other.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stive</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be stifled or
suffocated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The floating dust in
flour mills caused by the operation or grinding.</def>  <i>De
Colange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sti"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>stuiver</i>; akin
to G. <i>st&uuml;ber</i>, Dan. <i>styver</i>, Sw. <i>styfver</i>.]
<def>A Dutch coin, and money of account, of the value of two cents, or
about one penny sterling; hence, figuratively, anything of little
worth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stives</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE. See
<u>Stew</u>.] <def>Stews; a brothel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>stocken</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To stop; to choke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stot</i> a stoat,
horse, bullock; perhaps originally only of male animals, and akin to
D. <i>stooten</i> to push, E. <i>stutter</i>; cf. Icel. <i>st&?;tr</i>
a bull, Sw. <i>stut</i> a bullock.  Cf. <u>Stot</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ermine in its summer pelage, when it is
reddish brown, but with a black tip to the tail. The name is sometimes
applied also to other brown weasels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"cah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. &amp; Gael.
<i>stocach</i> an idle fellow who lives on the industry of others, a
lounger.] <def>A menial attendant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoc*cade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stockade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoc*ca"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>estocade</i>,
fr. Sp. <i>estocada</i>, or It. <i>stoccata</i>, from Sp.
<i>estoque</i>, or It. <i>stocco</i>, a rapier, fr. G. <i>stock</i> a
stick. See <u>Stock</u>.] <def>A stab; a thrust with a rapier.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1417 !></p>

<p><hw>Sto*chas"tic</hw> (st&osl;*k&abreve;s"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>stochastiko`s</grk>, from
<grk>stocha`zesqai</grk> to aim, to guess, fr. <grk>sto`chos</grk>
mark or aim.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Conjectural; able to
conjecture.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Whitefoot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stock</hw> (st&obreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>stocc</i> a stock, trunk, stick; akin to D. <i>stok</i>, G.
<i>stock</i>, OHG. <i>stoc</i>, Icel. <i>stokkr</i>, Sw. <i>stock</i>,
Dan. <i>stok</i>, and AS. <i>stycce</i> a piece; cf. Skr. <i>tuj</i>
to urge, thrust.  Cf. <u>Stokker</u>, <u>Stucco</u>, and <u>Tuck</u> a
rapier.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The stem, or main body, of a tree or
plant; the fixed, strong, firm part; the trunk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, and the
<i>stock</i> thereof die in the ground, yet through the scent of water
it will bud, and bring forth boughs like a plant.</blockquote> <i>Job
xiv. 8,9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The stem or branch in which a graft is
inserted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The scion overruleth the <i>stock</i>
quite.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A block of wood; something fixed and solid;
a pillar; a firm support; a post.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All our fathers worshiped <i>stocks</i> and
stones.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Item, for a <i>stock</i> of brass for the holy water,
seven shillings; which, by the canon, must be of marble or metal, and
in no case of brick.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a person who is as dull and lifeless
as a stock or post; one who has little sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let's be no stoics, nor no <i>stocks</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The principal supporting part; the part in
which others are inserted, or to which they are attached.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The wood to which the barrel, lock, etc.,
of a musket or like firearm are secured; also, a long, rectangular
piece of wood, which is an important part of several forms of gun
carriage.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The handle or contrivance by which bits
are held in boring; a bitstock; a brace.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Joinery)</i> <def>The block of wood or
metal frame which constitutes the body of a plane, and in which the
plane iron is fitted; a plane stock.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The wooden or iron
crosspiece to which the shank of an anchor is attached. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Anchor</u>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The support of the block in which an anvil
is fixed, or of the anvil itself.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>A handle or wrench forming a holder for
the dies for cutting screws; a diestock.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>The part of a tally formerly struck in the
exchequer, which was delivered to the person who had lent the king
money on account, as the evidence of indebtedness. See
<u>Counterfoil</u>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The original progenitor; also, the race or
line of a family; the progenitor of a family and his direct
descendants; lineage; family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And stand betwixt them made, when, severally,<BR>
All told their <i>stock</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy mother was no goddess, nor thy <i>stock</i><BR>
From Dardanus.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Money or capital which an individual or a
firm employs in business; fund; in the United States, the capital of a
bank or other company, in the form of transferable shares, each of a
certain amount; money funded in government securities, called also
<i>the public funds</i>; in the plural, property consisting of shares
in joint-stock companies, or in the obligations of a government for
its funded debt; -- so in the United States, but in England the latter
only are called <i>stocks</i>, and the former <i>shares</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i> <def>Same as <i>Stock
account</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Supply provided; store; accumulation;
especially, a merchant's or manufacturer's store of goods; as, to lay
in a <i>stock</i> of provisions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Add to that <i>stock</i> which justly we
bestow.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>Domestic animals or beasts
collectively, used or raised on a farm; as, a <i>stock</i> of cattle
or of sheep, etc.; -- called also <i>live stock</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>That portion of a
pack of cards not distributed to the players at the beginning of
certain games, as gleek, etc., but which might be drawn from afterward
as occasion required; a bank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must buy the <i>stock</i>; send me good
cardings.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A thrust with a rapier; a stoccado.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Stocking</u>.] <def>A covering for the
leg, or leg and foot; as, upper <i>stocks</i> (breeches); nether
<i>stocks</i> (stockings).</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With a linen <i>stock</i> on one leg.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>A kind of stiff, wide band or cravat for
the neck; as, a silk <i>stock</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A frame of timber, with holes
in which the feet, or the feet and hands, of criminals were formerly
confined by way of punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall rest in my <i>stocks</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>The frame
or timbers on which a ship rests while building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Red and gray bricks, used for
the exterior of walls and the front of buildings.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any cruciferous plant of the
genus <i>Matthiola</i>; as, common <i>stock</i> (<i>Matthiola
incana</i>) (see <u>Gilly-flower</u>); ten-weeks <i>stock</i> (<i>M.
annua</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An irregular metalliferous
mass filling a large cavity in a rock formation, as a <i>stock</i> of
lead ore deposited in limestone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>20.</b></sn> <def>A race or variety in a species.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>21.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>In tectology, an aggregate
or colony of persons (see <u>Person</u>), as trees, chains of
salp&aelig;, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>22.</b></sn> <def>The beater of a fulling mill.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>23.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A liquid or jelly
containing the juices and soluble parts of meat, and certain
vegetables, etc., extracted by cooking; -- used in making soup, gravy,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bit stock</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bitstock</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dead stock</b></col> <i>(Agric.)</i>, <cd>the implements of
husbandry, and produce stored up for use; -- in distinction from
<i>live stock</i>, or the domestic animals on the farm. See def. 10,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Head stock</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Headstock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Paper stock</b></col>, <cd>rags and
other material of which paper is made.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock
account</b></col> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i>, <cd>an account on a merchant's
ledger, one side of which shows the original capital, or stock, and
the additions thereto by accumulation or contribution, the other side
showing the amounts withdrawn.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock car</b></col>,
<cd>a railway car for carrying cattle.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock
company</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>an incorporated company the
capital of which is represented by marketable shares having a certain
equal par value.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock duck</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the mallard.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock
exchange</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The building or place
where stocks are bought and sold; stock market; hence, transactions of
all kinds in stocks</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An association or
body of stockbrokers who meet and transact business by certain
recognized forms, regulations, and usages</cd>. <i>Wharton. Brande &
C.</i> -- <col><b>Stock farmer</b></col>, <cd>a farmer who makes it
his business to rear live stock.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock
gillyflower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common stock. See
<u>Stock</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 18.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock
gold</b></col>, <cd>gold laid up so as to form a stock, or hoard.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stock in trade</b></col>, <cd>the goods kept for sale by a
shopkeeper; the fittings and appliances of a workman.</cd>
<i>Simmonds.</i> -- <col><b>Stock list</b></col>, <cd>a list of
stocks, or shares, dealt in, of transactions, and of prices.</cd> --
<col><b>Stock lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock inclosed in a wooden case and
attached to the face of a door.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock
market</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A place where stocks are
bought and sold; the stock exchange</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
market for live stock.</cd> -- <col><b>Stock pigeon</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Stockdove</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stock purse</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A common purse,
as distinguished from a private purse.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>Moneys saved out of the expenses of a company or
regiment, and applied to objects of common interest</cd>. [Eng.] --
<col><b>Stock shave</b></col>, <cd>a tool used by blockmakers.</cd> --
<col><b>Stock station</b></col>, <cd>a place or district for rearing
stock.</cd> [Australia] <i>W. Howitt.</i> -- <col><b>Stock
tackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a tackle used when the anchor is
hoisted and secured, to keep its stock clear of the ship's sides.</cd>
<i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Stock taking</b></col>, <cd>an examination
and inventory made of goods or stock in a shop or warehouse; --
usually made periodically.</cd> -- <col><b>Tail stock</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Tailstock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To have something on the
stock</b></col>, <cd>to be at work at something.</cd> -- <col><b>To
take stock</b></col>, <cd>to take account of stock; to make an
inventory of stock or goods on hand.</cd> <i>Dickens.</i> --
<col><b>To take stock in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
subscribe for, or purchase, shares in a stock company.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To put faith in; to accept as trustworthy; as,
<i>to take stock in</i> a person's fidelity</cd>. [Slang] --
<col><b>To take stock of</b></col>, <cd>to take account of the stock
of; to take an inventory of; hence, to ascertain the facts in regard
to (something).</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At the outset of any inquiry it is proper <i>to take
stock of</i> the results obtained by previous explorers of the same
field.</blockquote> <i>Leslie Stephen.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fund; capital; store; supply; accumulation; hoard;
provision.</p>

<p><hw>Stock</hw> (st&obreve;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stocked</u> (st&obreve;kt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stocking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay up; to
put aside for future use; to store, as merchandise, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To provide with material requisites; to
store; to fill; to supply; as, to <i>stock</i> a warehouse, that is,
to fill it with goods; to <i>stock</i> a farm, that is, to supply it
with cattle and tools; to <i>stock</i> land, that is, to occupy it
with a permanent growth, especially of grass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To suffer to retain milk for twenty-four
hours or more previous to sale, as cows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put in the stocks.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stock an anchor</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to fit it
with a stock, or to fasten the stock firmly in place.</cd> --
<col><b>To stock cards</b></col> <i>(Card Playing)</i>, <cd>to arrange
cards in a certain manner for cheating purposes.</cd> [Cant] --
<col><b>To stock down</b></col> <i>(Agric.)</i>, <cd>to sow, as plowed
land, with grass seed, in order that it may become swarded, and
produce grass.</cd> -- <col><b>To stock up</b></col>, <cd>to
extirpate; to dig up.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stock</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Used or employed for
constant service or application, as if constituting a portion of a
stock or supply; standard; permanent; standing; as, a <i>stock</i>
actor; a <i>stock</i> play; a <i>stock</i> sermon.</def> "A
<i>stock</i> charge against Raleigh."  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stock company</b></col> <i>(Theater)</i>, <cd>a company of
actors regularly employed at one theater, or permanently acting
together in various plays under one management.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stock*ade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>estacade</i>
stockade, boom (confused in French with <i>estocade</i>; see 1st
<u>Stoccado</u>); fr. It. <i>steccata</i> a palisade (influenced by
OF. <i>estach</i>, <i>estaque</i>, a stake, post), or from Sp.
<i>estacada</i> a palisade; both of German origin, and akin to E.
<i>stake</i>, <i>stick</i>; cf. G. <i>stecken</i> stick, OHG.
<i>steccho</i>. See <u>Stake</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Stick</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Estacade</u>, <u>Stacket</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>A line of stout posts or timbers set firmly in the earth in
contact with each other (and usually with loopholes) to form a
barrier, or defensive fortification.</def> [Written also
<i>stoccade</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure, or pen, made with posts and
stakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock*ade"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stockaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stockading</u>.] <def>To surround, fortify, or protect with a
stockade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"-blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Blind as a
stock; wholly blind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"bro`ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A broker who
deals in stocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"dove`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A common European wild pigeon (<i>Columba &aelig;nas</i>), so
called because at one time believed to be the stock of the domestic
pigeon, or, according to some, from its breeding in the stocks, or
trunks, of trees.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is applied, also, to other related species, as the
Indian <i>stockdove</i> (<i>Palumb&aelig;na Eversmanni</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Stock"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes or
fits stocks, as of guns or gun carriages, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>stokvisch</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Salted and dried fish,
especially codfish, hake, ling, and torsk; also, codfish dried without
being salted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Young fresh
cod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"hold`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is a
holder or proprietor of stock in the public funds, or in the funds of
a bank or other stock company.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock`i*net"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An elastic
textile fabric imitating knitting, of which stockings, under-garments,
etc., are made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Stock</u>,
which was formerly used of a covering for the legs and feet, combining
breeches, or upper stocks, and <i>stockings</i>, or nether stocks.]
<def>A close-fitting covering for the foot and leg, usually knit or
woven.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blue stocking</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bluestocking</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stocking frame</b></col>, <cd>a machine for knitting
stockings or other hosiery goods.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stock"ing</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dress in
GBs.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stock"ing*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stocking
weaver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a stock; stupid;
blockish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since naught so <i>stockish</i>, hard, and full of
rage,<BR>
But music for the time doth change his nature.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stock"job`ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stock</i> +
<i>job</i>.] <def>One who speculates in stocks for gain; one whose
occupation is to buy and sell stocks. In England a jobber acts as an
intermediary between brokers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"job`bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
art of dealing in stocks; the business of a stockjobber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stockmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A herdsman; a ranchman; one
owning, or having charge of, herds of live stock.</def> [Australia &
U.S.]  <i>W. Howitt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stock"-still`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF. G. <i>stock-
still</i>.] <def>Still as a stock, or fixed post; perfectly
still.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His whole work stands <i>stock-still</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stock"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>stockwerk</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A system of
working in ore, etc., when it lies not in strata or veins, but in
solid masses, so as to be worked in chambers or stories.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A metalliferous deposit
characterized by the impregnation of the mass of rock with many small
veins or nests irregularly grouped. This kind of deposit is especially
common with tin ore. Such deposits are worked in floors or
stories.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Stock</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Short and thick; thick rather than tall or
corpulent.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stocky</i>, twisted, hunchback stems.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. H. H. Jackson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Headstrong.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stodg"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wet.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>St&oelig;ch`i*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>St&oelig;ch`i*om"e*try</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, etc.
<def>See <u>Stoichiology</u>, <u>Stoichiometry</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stoicus</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?;, adj., literally, of or pertaining to a colonnade, from
&?; a roofed colonnade, a porch, especially, a porch in Athens where
Zeno and his successors taught.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A disciple of
the philosopher Zeno; one of a Greek sect which held that men should
be free from passion, unmoved by joy or grief, and should submit
without complaint to unavoidable necessity, by which all things are
governed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a person not easily excited; an
apathetic person; one who is apparently or professedly indifferent to
pleasure or pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>Stoic</i> of the woods, a man without a
tear.</blockquote> <i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>School of Stoics</b></col>. <cd>See <i>The Porch</i>, under
<u>Porch</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sto"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sto"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stoicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>sto&iuml;que</i>. See <u>Stoic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Stoics; resembling the
Stoics or their doctrines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not affected by passion; manifesting
indifference to pleasure or pain.</def> -- <wf>Sto"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Sto"ic*al*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stoi`chi*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to stoichiology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoi`chi*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
first element + <i>-logy</i>.] [Written also
<i>st&oelig;chiology</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part of the
science of physiology which treats of the elements, or principles,
composing animal tissues.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The doctrine of the
elementary requisites of mere thought.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The statement or discussion of the first
principles of any science or art.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stoi`chi*o*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Stoi`chi*o*met"ric*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to stoichiometry;
employed in, or obtained by, stoichiometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoi`chi*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
first principle, or element + <i>-metry</i>.] <def>The art or process
of calculating the atomic proportions, combining weights, and other
numerical relations of chemical elements and their
compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sto&iuml;cisme</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The opinions and
maxims of the Stoics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A real or pretended indifference to
pleasure or pain; insensibility; impassiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto*ic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stoicism.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stoken</i>, fr.
D. <i>stoken</i>, fr. <i>stok</i> a stick (cf. OF. <i>estoquier</i> to
thrust, stab; of Teutonic origin, and akin to D. <i>stok</i>). See
<u>Stock</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stick; to thrust; to
stab.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor short sword for to <i>stoke</i>, with point
biting.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To poke or stir up, as a fire; hence, to
tend, as the fire of a furnace, boiler, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoke</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To poke or stir up a
fire; hence, to tend the fires of furnaces, steamers, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoke"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mouth to
the grate of a furnace; also, the space in front of the furnace, where
the stokers stand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stok"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. See <u>Stoke</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is employed
to tend a furnace and supply it with fuel, especially the furnace of a
locomotive or of a marine steam boiler; also, a machine for feeding
fuel to a fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fire poker.</def> [R.]  <i>C. Richardson
(Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sto"key</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Close;
sultry.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><! p. 1418 !></p>

<p><hw>||Sto"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stol&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Stole</u> a garment.]
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A long garment, descending to the ankles,
worn by Roman women.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>stola</i> was not allowed to be worn by
courtesans, or by women who had been divorced from their
husbands.</blockquote> <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stole</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Steal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stolo</i>, <i>-
onis</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A stolon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stole</i>, L.
<i>stola</i>, Gr. &?; a stole, garment, equipment, fr. &?; to set,
place, equip, send, akin to E. <i>stall</i>. See <u>Stall</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long, loose garment reaching to the
feet.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But when mild morn, in saffron <i>stole</i>,<BR>
First issues from her eastern goal.</blockquote> <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A narrow band of silk or
stuff, sometimes enriched with embroidery and jewels, worn on the left
shoulder of deacons, and across both shoulders of bishops and priests,
pendent on each side nearly to the ground. At Mass, it is worn crossed
on the breast by priests. It is used in various sacred
functions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Groom of the stole</b></col>, <cd>the first lord of the
bedchamber in the royal household.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or wearing a
stole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After them flew the prophets, brightly
<i>stoled</i><BR>
In shining lawn.</blockquote> <i>G. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stol"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Steal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stol"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stolidus</i>.]
<def>Hopelessly insensible or stupid; not easily aroused or excited;
dull; impassive; foolish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto*lid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stoliditas</i>.] <def>The state or quality of being stolid;
dullness of intellect; obtuseness; stupidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Indocile, intractable fools, whose <i>stolidity</i> can
baffle all arguments, and be proof against demonstration
itself.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stol"id*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Stolidity</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stolo</i>, <i>-
onis</i>: cf. F. <i>stolon</i>.  Cf. <u>Stole</u> a stolon, 1st
<u>Stool</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A trailing branch
which is disposed to take root at the end or at the joints; a
stole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extension of the
integument of the body, or of the body wall, from which buds are
developed, giving rise to new zooids, and thus forming a compound
animal in which the zooids usually remain united by the stolons. Such
stolons are often present in Anthozoa, Hydroidea, Bryozoa, and social
ascidians. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Scyphistoma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stol`o*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stolon</i>
+ <i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>stolonif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Producing
stolons; putting forth suckers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sto"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stomata</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, a mouth.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the minute apertures
between the cells in many serous membranes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
minute breathing pores of leaves or other organs opening into the
intercellular spaces, and usually bordered by two contractile
cells.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The line of dehiscence of the
sporangium of a fern. It is usually marked by two transversely
elongated cells. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Sporangium</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A stigma. See
<u>Stigma</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> &
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stomak</i>, F.
<i>estomac</i>, L. <i>stomachus</i>, fr. Gr. <grk>sto`machos</grk>
stomach, throat, gullet, fr. <grk>sto`ma</grk> a mouth, any outlet or
entrance.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An enlargement, or
series of enlargements, in the anterior part of the alimentary canal,
in which food is digested; any cavity in which digestion takes place
in an animal; a digestive cavity. See <u>Digestion</u>, and <i>Gastric
juice</i>, under <u>Gastric</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The desire for food caused by hunger;
appetite; as, a good <i>stomach</i> for roast beef.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence appetite in general; inclination;
desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He which hath no <i>stomach</i> to this fight,<BR>
Let him depart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Violence of temper; anger; sullenness;
resentment; willful obstinacy; stubbornness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Stern was his look, and full of <i>stomach</i>
vain.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This sort of crying proceeding from pride, obstinacy,
and <i>stomach</i>, the will, where the fault lies, must be
bent.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Pride; haughtiness; arrogance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was a man<BR>
Of an unbounded <i>stomach</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stomach pump</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a small pump or
syringe with a flexible tube, for drawing liquids from the stomach, or
for injecting them into it.</cd> -- <col><b>Stomach tube</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a long flexible tube for introduction into the
stomach.</cd> -- <col><b>Stomach worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the common roundworm (<i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i>) found in the
human intestine, and rarely in the stomach.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stomached</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stomaching</u>.] [Cf. L. <i>stomachari</i>, v.t. &amp; i., to be angry
or vexed at a thing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To resent; to remember
with anger; to dislike.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lion began to show his teeth, and to <i>stomach</i>
the affront.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Parliament sit in that body . . . to be his
counselors and dictators, though he <i>stomach</i> it.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bear without repugnance; to brook.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be angry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stomacal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
stomach; gastric.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Helping the stomach; stomachic;
cordial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stomachic.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stomachs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> (&?; or &?;) <def>An ornamental covering for the
breast, worn originally both by men and women. Those worn by women
were often richly decorated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A stately lady in a diamond
<i>stomacher</i>.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Willfully
obstinate; stubborn; perverse.</def> [Obs.] --
<wf>Stom"ach*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] --
<wf>Stom"ach*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sto*mach"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sto*mach"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stomachicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>stomachique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
stomach; as, <i>stomachic</i> vessels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strengthening to the stomach; exciting the
action of the stomach; stomachal; cordial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto*mach"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
medicine that strengthens the stomach and excites its
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Resentment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being without a stomach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no appetite.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stomachosus</i> angry, peexish. See <u>Stomach</u>.] <def>Stout;
sullen; obstinate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With stern looks and <i>stomachous</i>
disdain.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stom"ach*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Obstinate;
sullen; haughty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A little, bold, solemn, <i>stomachy</i> man, a great
professor of piety.</blockquote> <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ma*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Stomapoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sto*map"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Stoma</u>, and <u>-poda</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
Crustacea including the squillas. The maxillipeds are leglike in form,
and the large claws are comblike. They have a large and elongated
abdomen, which contains a part of the stomach and heart; the abdominal
appendages are large, and bear the gills. Called also <i>Gastrula</i>,
<i>Stomatopoda</i>, and <i>Squilloidea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
stoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to a stoma; of the nature of a stoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto*mat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>sto`ma</grk>,
<grk>-atos</grk>, mouth.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine for diseases
of the mouth.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stom`a*tif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>sto`ma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk> mouth + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<def>Having or producing stomata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stom`a*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sto`ma</grk>, <grk>-atos</grk>, mouth + <i>-itis</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stom`a*to"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, &?;, mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Protozoa in
which a mouthlike opening exists.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stom`a*to*d&aelig;"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Stomod&aelig;um</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"a*tode</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having a mouth; -- applied to certain Protozoa.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Stomatoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom`a*to*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, mouth + E. <i>gastric</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the mouth
and the stomach; as, the <i>stomatogastric</i> ganglion of certain
Mollusca.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom`a*to*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, mouth + <i>-plastic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
the operation of forming a mouth where the aperture has been
contracted, or in any way deformed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"a*to*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Stomatopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stom`a*top"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Stoma</u>, and <u>-pod</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Stomapoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom`a*top"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Stomatopoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"a*to*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
mouth + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An apparatus for examining
the interior of the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
stoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stom`o*d&aelig;"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. &?;, &?;, mouth + &?; to divide.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A part of the alimentary canal. See under
<u>Mesenteron</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The primitive mouth and
esophagus of the embryo of annelids and arthropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stomp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Stamp</u>.]
<def>To stamp with the foot.</def> [Colloq.] "In gallant procession,
the priests mean to <i>stomp</i>."  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>stand</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Stop; halt; hindrance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stand; a post; a station.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stond</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stand.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ston</i>,
<i>stan</i>, AS. <i>st&amacr;n</i>; akin to OS. &amp; OFries.
<i>st&emacr;n</i>, D. <i>steen</i>, G. <i>stein</i>, Icel.
<i>steinn</i>, Sw. <i>sten</i>, Dan. <i>steen</i>, Goth.
<i>stains</i>, Russ. <i>stiena</i> a wall, Gr. &?;, &?;, a pebble.
&radic;167.  Cf. <u>Steen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Concreted
earthy or mineral matter; also, any particular mass of such matter;
as, a house built of <i>stone</i>; the boy threw a <i>stone</i>;
pebbles are rounded <i>stones</i>.</def> "Dumb as a <i>stone</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They had brick for <i>stone</i>, and slime . . . for
mortar.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xi. 3.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In popular language, very large masses of stone are called
<i>rocks</i>; small masses are called <i>stones</i>; and the finer
kinds, <i>gravel</i>, or <i>sand</i>, or <i>grains of sand</i>. Stone
is much and widely used in the construction of buildings of all kinds,
for walls, fences, piers, abutments, arches, monuments, sculpture, and
the like.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A precious stone; a gem.</def> "Many a rich
<i>stone</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i> "Inestimable <i>stones</i>, unvalued
jewels." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something made of stone. Specifically: -
</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The glass of a mirror; a mirror.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lend me a looking-glass;<BR>
If that her breath will mist or stain the <i>stone</i>,<BR>
Why, then she lives.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A monument to the dead; a
gravestone.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Should some relenting eye<BR>
Glance on the where our cold relics lie.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A calculous concretion,
especially one in the kidneys or bladder; the disease arising from a
calculus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One of the testes; a testicle.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The hard endocarp of drupes;
as, the <i>stone</i> of a cherry or peach. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Endocarp</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A weight which legally is fourteen pounds,
but in practice varies with the article weighed.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; The <i>stone</i> of butchers' meat or fish is reckoned at 8
lbs.; of cheese, 16 lbs.; of hemp, 32 lbs.; of glass, 5 lbs.</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Symbol of hardness and insensibility;
torpidness; insensibility; as, a heart of <i>stone</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not yet forgot myself to
<i>stone</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A stand or table with a
smooth, flat top of stone, commonly marble, on which to arrange the
pages of a book, newspaper, etc., before printing; -- called also
<i>imposing stone</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Stone</i> is used adjectively or in composition with
other words to denote <i>made of stone</i>, <i>containing a stone</i>
or <i>stones</i>, <i>employed on stone</i>, or, more generally,
<i>of</i> or <i>pertaining to stone</i> or <i>stones</i>; as,
<i>stone</i> fruit, or <i>stone</i>-fruit; <i>stone</i>-hammer, or
<i>stone</i> hammer; <i>stone</i> falcon, or <i>stone</i>-falcon.
Compounded with some adjectives it denotes a degree of the quality
expressed by the adjective equal to that possessed by a stone; as,
<i>stone</i>-dead, <i>stone</i>-blind, <i>stone</i>-cold,
<i>stone</i>-still, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Atlantic stone</b></col>, <cd>ivory.</cd> [Obs.] "Citron
tables, or <i>Atlantic stone</i>." <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>Bowing
stone</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Cromlech</u>.</cd> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i>
-- <col><b>Meteoric stones</b></col>, <cd>stones which fall from the
atmosphere, as after the explosion of a meteor.</cd> --
<col><b>Philosopher's stone</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Philosopher</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Rocking stone</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Rocking-stone</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone age</b></col>, <cd>a
supposed prehistoric age of the world when stone and bone were
habitually used as the materials for weapons and tools; -- called also
<i>flint age</i>. The <i>bronze age</i> succeeded to this.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone bass</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of marine food fishes of the genus <i>Serranus</i> and
allied genera, as <i>Serranus Couchii</i>, and <i>Polyprion
cernium</i> of Europe; -- called also <i>sea perch</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone biter</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the wolf
fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone boiling</b></col>, <cd>a method of boiling
water or milk by dropping hot stones into it, -- in use among
savages.</cd> <i>Tylor.</i> -- <col><b>Stone borer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any animal that bores stones; especially, one
of certain bivalve mollusks which burrow in limestone. See
<u>Lithodomus</u>, and <u>Saxicava</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
bramble</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European trailing species of
bramble (<i>Rubus saxatilis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Stone-
break</b></col>. [Cf. G. <i>steinbrech</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Any
plant of the genus <i>Saxifraga</i>; saxifrage.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
bruise</b></col>, <cd>a sore spot on the bottom of the foot, from a
bruise by a stone.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone canal</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Sand canal</i>, under
<u>Sand</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of small fresh-water North American
catfishes of the genus <i>Noturus</i>. They have sharp pectoral spines
with which they inflict painful wounds.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
coal</b></col>, <cd>hard coal; mineral coal; anthracite coal.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone coral</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any hard
calcareous coral.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone crab</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large crab (<i>Menippe
mercenaria</i>) found on the southern coast of the United States and
much used as food.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A European spider crab
(<i>Lithodes maia</i>)</cd>. <col><b>Stone crawfish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European crawfish (<i>Astacus
torrentium</i>), by many writers considered only a variety of the
common species (<i>A. fluviatilis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
curlew</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large
plover found in Europe (<i>Edicnemus crepitans</i>). It frequents
stony places. Called also <i>thick-kneed plover</i> or <i>bustard</i>,
and <i>thick-knee</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The whimbrel</cd>.
[Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The willet.</cd> [Local, U.S.] --
<col><b>Stone crush</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Stone bruise</i>,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone eater</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>Same as <i>Stone borer</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
falcon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the merlin.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone fern</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European fern
(<i>Asplenium Ceterach</i>) which grows on rocks and walls.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of many
species of pseudoneuropterous insects of the genus <i>Perla</i> and
allied genera; a perlid. They are often used by anglers for bait. The
larv&aelig; are aquatic.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone fruit</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any fruit with a stony endocarp; a drupe, as a
peach, plum, or cherry.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone grig</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the mud lamprey, or pride.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone hammer</b></col>, <cd>a hammer formed with a face at one
end, and a thick, blunt edge, parallel with the handle, at the other,
-- used for breaking stone.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone hawk</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the merlin; -- so called from its habit of
sitting on bare stones.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone jar</b></col>, <cd>a jar
made of stoneware.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone lily</b></col>
<i>(Paleon.)</i>, <cd>a fossil crinoid.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
lugger</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Stone roller</i>,
below.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone marten</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a European marten (<i>Mustela foina</i>) allied to the pine
marten, but having a white throat; -- called also <i>beech
marten</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone mason</b></col>, <cd>a mason who
works or builds in stone.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone-mortar</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a kind of large mortar formerly used in sieges for
throwing a mass of small stones short distances.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
oil</b></col>, <cd>rock oil, petroleum.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
parsley</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an umbelliferous plant (<i>Seseli
Labanotis</i>). See under <u>Parsley</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
pine</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A nut pine. See the Note under
<u>Pine</u>, and <u>Pi&ntilde;on</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone
pit</b></col>, <cd>a quarry where stones are dug.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone pitch</b></col>, <cd>hard, inspissated pitch.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone plover</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The European stone curlew</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of several species of Asiatic plovers
of the genus <i>Esacus</i>; as, the large <i>stone plover</i> (<i>E.
recurvirostris</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The gray or black-
bellied plover</cd>. [Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>The ringed
plover.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>The bar-tailed godwit. [Prov.
Eng.] Also applied to other species of limicoline birds.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone roller</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An American fresh-water fish (<i>Catostomus
nigricans</i>) of the Sucker family. Its color is yellowish olive,
often with dark blotches. Called also <i>stone lugger</i>, <i>stone
toter</i>, <i>hog sucker</i>, <i>hog mullet</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A common American cyprinoid fish
(<i>Campostoma anomalum</i>); -- called also <i>stone lugger</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Stone's cast</b></col>, or <col><b>Stone's throw</b></col>,
<cd>the distance to which a stone may be thrown by the hand.</cd> --
<col><b>Stone snipe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the greater
yellowlegs, or tattler.</cd> [Local, U.S.] -- <col><b>Stone
toter</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>See
<i>Stone roller</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, above</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A cyprinoid fish (<i>Exoglossum
maxillingua</i>) found in the rivers from Virginia to New York. It has
a three-lobed lower lip; -- called also <i>cutlips</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To leave no stone unturned</b></col>, <cd>to do everything
that can be done; to use all practicable means to effect an
object.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stone</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stoning</u>.] [From <u>Stone</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf. AS.
<i>st&?;nan</i>, Goth. <i>stainjan</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pelt, beat, or kill with stones.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And they <i>stoned</i> Stephen, calling upon God, and
saying, Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.</blockquote> <i>Acts vii.
59.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make like stone; to harden.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O perjured woman! thou dost <i>stone</i> my
heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To free from stones; also, to remove the
seeds of; as, to <i>stone</i> a field; to <i>stone</i> cherries; to
<i>stone</i> raisins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To wall or face with stones; to line or
fortify with stones; as, to <i>stone</i> a well; to <i>stone</i> a
cellar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To rub, scour, or sharpen with a
stone.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1419 !></p>

<p><hw>Stone"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The yellowlegs;
-- called also <i>stone snipe</i>. See <u>Tattler</u>, 2.</def>
[Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stone"-blind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>As blind as a
stone; completely blind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"bow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
crossbow formerly used for shooting stones.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stone"brash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subsoil made
up of small stones or finely-broken rock; brash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"brear`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A machine
for crushing or hammering stone.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stone"buck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Steinbock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"chat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stone</i> +
<i>chat</i>.] [So called from the similarity of its alarm note to the
clicking together of two pebbles.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small, active, and very common European
singing bird (<i>Pratincola rubicola</i>); -- called also
<i>chickstone</i>, <i>stonechacker</i>, <i>stonechatter</i>,
<i>stoneclink</i>, <i>stonesmith</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The wheatear.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The blue
titmouse.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is sometimes applied to various species of
<i>Saxicola</i>, <i>Pratincola</i>, and allied genera; as, the pied
<i>stonechat</i> of India (<i>Saxicola picata</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Stone"-cold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cold as a
stone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stone-cold</i> without, within burnt with love's
flame.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stone"cray`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stone</i> + F.
<i>craie</i> chalk, L. <i>creta</i>.] <def>A distemper in
hawks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"crop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>st&amacr;ncropp</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sort of tree.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any low succulent plant of
the genus <i>Sedum</i>, esp. <i>Sedum acre</i>, which is common on
bare rocks in Europe, and is spreading in parts of America. See
<u>Orpine</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Virginian</b></col>, or <col><b>Ditch</b></col>,
<col><b>stonecrop</b></col>, <cd>an American plant (<i>Penthorum
sedoides</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stone"cut`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to cut stone; also, a machine for dressing
stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"cut`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hewing or
dressing stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"-dead`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>As dead as a
stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"-deaf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>As deaf as a
stone; completely deaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"gall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>steengal</i>, G. <i>steingall</i>. See <u>Stannel</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Stannel</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stone"hatch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The ring plover, or dotterel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stone"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hard-
hearted; cruel; pitiless; unfeeling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"henge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assemblage
of upright stones with others placed horizontally on their tops, on
Salisbury Plain, England, -- generally supposed to be the remains of
an ancient Druidical temple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"-horse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Stallion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ston"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stones; one who makes an assault with stones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who walls with stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
North American plant (<i>Collinsonia Canadensis</i>) having a very
hard root; horse balm. See <i>Horse balm</i>, under
<u>Horse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"run`ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The ring plover, or the
ringed dotterel.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
dotterel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stone"smic`kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The stonechat; -- called also
<i>stonesmitch</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stone"-still`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>As still as a
stone.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stone"ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A species of
coarse potter's ware, glazed and baked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus <i>Lithospermum</i>, herbs having a fruit
composed of four stony nutlets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stone"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work or wall
consisting of stone; mason's work of stone.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stone"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus Chara; -- so called because they are often
incrusted with carbonate of lime. See <u>Chara</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ston"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stony
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ston"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being stony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ston"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stony.</def> [R.]
"Possessed with <i>stonish</i> insensibility."  <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Stont</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing.
present</i></pos> of <u>Stand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ston"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stonier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stoniest</u>.] [AS. <i>st&amacr;nig</i>.
See <u>Stone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to stone,
consisting of, or abounding in, stone or stones; resembling stone;
hard; as, a <i>stony</i> tower; a <i>stony</i> cave; <i>stony</i>
ground; a <i>stony</i> crust.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Converting into stone; petrifying;
petrific.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>stony</i> dart of senseless cold.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inflexible; cruel; unrelenting; pitiless;
obdurate; perverse; cold; morally hard; appearing as if petrified; as,
a <i>stony</i> heart; a <i>stony</i> gaze.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stony coral</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Stone coral</i>, under <u>Stone</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stood</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Stand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stook</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>stook</i>,
<i>stouk</i>; cf. LG. <i>stuke</i> a heap, bundle, G. <i>stauche</i> a
truss, bundle of flax.] <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A small collection of
sheaves set up in the field; a shock; in England, twelve
sheaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stook</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stooked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stooking</u>.] <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To set up, as sheaves of grain,
in stooks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stool</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stolo</i>. See
<u>Stolon</u>.] <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A plant from which layers are
propagated by bending its branches into the soil.</def>  <i>P.
Henderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stool</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To
ramfy; to tiller, as grain; to shoot out suckers.</def>  <i>R. D.
Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stool</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&omacr;l</i> a
seat; akin to OFries. &amp; OS. <i>st&omacr;l</i>, D. <i>stoel</i>, G.
<i>stuhl</i>, OHG. <i>stuol</i>, Icel. <i>st&omacr;ll</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>stol</i>, Goth. <i>st&omacr;ls</i>, Lith. <i>stalas</i> a table,
Russ. <i>stol'</i>; from the root of E. <i>stand</i>. &radic;163. See
<u>Stand</u>, and cf. <u>Fauteuil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
single seat with three or four legs and without a back, made in
various forms for various uses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A seat used in evacuating the bowels;
hence, an evacuation; a discharge from the bowels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stool pigeon, or decoy bird.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small channel on the side
of a vessel, for the dead-eyes of the backstays.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A bishop's seat or see; a bishop-
stool.</def>  <i>J. P. Peters.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A bench or form for resting the feet or the
knees; a footstool; as, a kneeling <i>stool</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Material, such as oyster shells, spread on
the sea bottom for oyster spat to adhere to.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Stool of a window</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Window
stool</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the flat piece upon which the
window shuts down, and which corresponds to the sill of a door; in the
United States, the narrow shelf fitted on the inside against the
actual sill upon which the sash descends. This is called a <i>window
seat</i> when broad and low enough to be used as a seat.</cd> --
<col><b>Stool of repentance</b></col>, <cd>the cuttystool.</cd>
[Scot.] -- <col><b>Stool pigeon</b></col>, <cd>a pigeon used as a
decoy to draw others within a net; hence, a person used as a decoy for
others.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stool"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of game
with balls, formerly common in England, esp. with young
women.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nausicaa<BR>
With other virgins did at <i>stoolball</i> play.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoom</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [D. <i>stommen</i> to
adulterate, to drug (wine). &radic;163.  Cf. <u>Stum</u>.] <def>To
stum.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stoop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>stoep</i>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Originally, a covered porch with seats, at a house
door; the Dutch <i>stoep</i> as introduced by the Dutch into New York.
Afterward, an out-of-door flight of stairs of from seven to fourteen
steps, with platform and parapets, leading to an entrance door some
distance above the street; the French <i>perron</i>. Hence, any porch,
platform, entrance stairway, or small veranda, at a house door.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stoop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stope</i>, Icel.
<i>staup</i>; akin to AS. <i>ste&aacute;p</i>, D. <i>stoop</i>, G.
<i>stauf</i>, OHG. <i>stouph</i>.] <def>A vessel of liquor; a
flagon.</def> [Written also <i>stoup</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fetch me a <i>stoop</i> of liquor.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>staup</i> a
knobby lump.] <def>A post fixed in the earth.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stoop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stooped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stooping</u>.] [OE. <i>stoupen</i>; akin to AS. <i>st&?;pian</i>,
OD. <i>stuypen</i>, Icel. <i>st&umacr;pa</i>, Sw. <i>stupa</i> to
fall, to tilt. Cf 5th <u>Steep</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bend
the upper part of the body downward and forward; to bend or lean
forward; to incline forward in standing or walking; to assume
habitually a bent position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To yield; to submit; to bend, as by
compulsion; to assume a position of humility or subjection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mighty in her ships stood Carthage long, . . . <BR>
Yet <i>stooped</i> to Rome, less wealthy, but more
strong.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These are arts, my prince,<BR>
In which your Zama does not <i>stoop</i> to Rome.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To descend from rank or dignity; to
condescend.</def> "She <i>stoops</i> to conquer."
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where men of great wealth <i>stoop</i> to husbandry, it
multiplieth riches exceedingly.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To come down as a hawk does on its prey; to
pounce; to souse; to swoop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bird of Jove, <i>stooped</i> from his a&euml;ry
tour,<BR>
Two birds of gayest plume before him drove.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To sink when on the wing; to
alight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>stoop</i> with closing pinions from
above.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cowering low<BR>
With blandishment, each bird <i>stooped</i> on his wing.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To lean; yield; submit; condescend; descend; cower;
shrink.</p>

<p><hw>Stoop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bend forward and downward; to bow down; as, to <i>stoop</i> the
body.</def> "Have <i>stooped</i> my neck."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to incline downward; to slant; as,
to <i>stoop</i> a cask of liquor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to submit; to prostrate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many of those whose states so tempt thine ears<BR>
Are <i>stooped</i> by death; and many left alive.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To degrade.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of stooping, or bending the body forward; inclination forward;
also, an habitual bend of the back and shoulders.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Descent, as from dignity or superiority;
condescension; an act or position of humiliation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can any loyal subject see<BR>
With patience such a <i>stoop</i> from sovereignty?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The fall of a bird on its prey; a
swoop.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stoops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoop"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Stoop</u>.</def> -- <wf>Stoop"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stoor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>storen</i>
to disturb.  Cf. <u>Stir</u>.] <def>To rise in clouds, as dust.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Stoor</hw> (?), <hw>Stor</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>st&omacr;r</i>; akin to LG. <i>stur</i>, Icel.
<i>st&omacr;rr</i>.] <def>Strong; powerful; hardy; bold;
audacious.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O stronge lady <i>stoor</i>, what doest
thou?</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stopping</u>.] [OE. <i>stoppen</i>, AS. <i>stoppian</i> (in comp.);
akin to LG. &amp; D. <i>stoppen</i>, G. <i>stopfen</i>, Icel.
<i>stoppa</i>, Sw. <i>stoppa</i>, Dan. <i>stoppe</i>; all probably fr.
LL. <i>stopare</i>, <i>stupare</i>, fr. L. <i>stuppa</i> the coarse
part of flax, tow, oakum.  Cf. <u>Estop</u>, <u>Stuff</u>,
<u>Stupe</u> a fomentation.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To close, as an
aperture, by filling or by obstructing; as, to <i>stop</i> the ears;
hence, to stanch, as a wound.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obstruct; to render impassable; as, to
<i>stop</i> a way, road, or passage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To arrest the progress of; to hinder; to
impede; to shut in; as, to <i>stop</i> a traveler; to <i>stop</i> the
course of a stream, or a flow of blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hinder from acting or moving; to prevent
the effect or efficiency of; to cause to cease; to repress; to
restrain; to suppress; to interrupt; to suspend; as, to <i>stop</i>
the execution of a decree, the progress of vice, the approaches of old
age or infirmity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose disposition all the world well knows<BR>
Will not be rubbed nor <i>stopped</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To regulate the sounds of, as
musical strings, by pressing them against the finger board with the
finger, or by shortening in any way the vibrating part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To point, as a composition; to
punctuate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If his sentences were properly
<i>stopped</i>.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To make fast; to
stopper.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To obstruct; hinder; impede; repress; suppress;
restrain; discontinue; delay; interrupt.</p>

<p><col><b>To stop off</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>to fill (a
part of a mold) with sand, where a part of the cavity left by the
pattern is not wanted for the casting.</cd> -- <col><b>To stop the
mouth</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Mouth</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cease to go on; to halt, or stand still; to come to a
stop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bites his lip, and starts;<BR>
<i>Stops</i> on a sudden, looks upon the ground;<BR>
Then lays his finger on his temple: strait<BR>
Springs out into fast gait; then <i>stops</i> again.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cease from any motion, or course of
action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stop</i>, while ye may, suspend your mad
career!</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spend a short time; to reside
temporarily; to stay; to tarry; as, to <i>stop</i> with a
friend.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>stopping</i> at home till the money was
gone.</blockquote> <i>R. D. Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stop over</b></col>, <cd>to stop at a station beyond the
time of the departure of the train on which one came, with the purpose
of continuing one's journey on a subsequent train; to break one's
journey.</cd> [Railroad Cant, U.S.]

</p>

<p><hw>Stop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of stopping, or the state of being stopped; hindrance of progress or
of action; cessation; repression; interruption; check;
obstruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is doubtful . . . whether it contributed anything to
the <i>stop</i> of the infection.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Occult qualities put a <i>stop</i> to the improvement
of natural philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a great step toward the mastery of our desires to
give this <i>stop</i> to them.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which stops, impedes, or obstructs; as
obstacle; an impediment; an obstruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fatal <i>stop</i> traversed their headlong
course.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So melancholy a prospect should inspire us with zeal to
oppose some <i>stop</i> to the rising torrent.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A device, or piece, as a
pin, block, pawl, etc., for arresting or limiting motion, or for
determining the position to which another part shall be
brought.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
closing of an aperture in the air passage, or pressure of the finger
upon the string, of an instrument of music, so as to modify the tone;
hence, any contrivance by which the sounds of a musical instrument are
regulated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The organ sound a time survives the
<i>stop</i>.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In the organ, one of the knobs or handles
at each side of the organist, by which he can draw on or shut off any
register or row of pipes; the register itself; as, the vox humana
<i>stop</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A member, plain or molded,
formed of a separate piece and fixed to a jamb, against which a door
or window shuts. This takes the place, or answers the purpose, of a
rebate. Also, a pin or block to prevent a drawer from sliding too
far.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A point or mark in writing or printing
intended to distinguish the sentences, parts of a sentence, or
clauses; a mark of punctuation. See <u>Punctuation</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The diaphragm used in optical
instruments to cut off the marginal portions of a beam of light
passing through lenses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The depression in the
face of a dog between the skull and the nasal bones. It is conspicuous
in the bulldog, pug, and some other breeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Some part of the
articulating organs, as the lips, or the tongue and palate, closed
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> so as to cut off the passage of breath or voice
through the mouth and the nose (distinguished as a <i>lip-stop</i>, or
a <i>front-stop</i>, etc., as in <i>p</i>, <i>t</i>, <i>d</i>, etc.),
or <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> so as to obstruct, but not entirely cut off,
the passage, as in <i>l</i>, <i>n</i>, etc.; also, any of the
consonants so formed.</def>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stop bead</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the molding screwed
to the inner side of a window frame, on the face of the pulley stile,
completing the groove in which the inner sash is to slide.</cd> --
<col><b>Stop motion</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>an automatic device
for arresting the motion of a machine, as when a certain operation is
completed, or when an imperfection occurs in its performance or
product, or in the material which is supplied to it, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Stop plank</b></col>, <cd>one of a set of planks employed to
form a sort of dam in some hydraulic works.</cd> -- <col><b>Stop
valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve that can be closed or opened at will, as
by hand, for preventing or regulating flow, as of a liquid in a pipe;
-- in distinction from a valve which is operated by the action of the
fluid it restrains.</cd> -- <col><b>Stop watch</b></col>, <cd>a watch
the hands of which can be stopped in order to tell exactly the time
that has passed, as in timing a race. See <i>Independent seconds
watch</i>, under <u>Independent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cessation; check; obstruction; obstacle; hindrance;
impediment; interruption.</p>

<p><hw>Stop"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A bib, faucet, or short pipe, fitted with a turning stopper or
plug for permitting or restraining the flow of a liquid or gas; a cock
or valve for checking or regulating the flow of water, gas, etc.,
through or from a pipe, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The turning plug, stopper, or spigot of a
faucet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Step</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
horizontal working forming one of a series, the working faces of which
present the appearance of a flight of steps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stoped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stoping</u>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To excavate
in the form of stopes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To fill in with
rubbish, as a space from which the ore has been worked out.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1420 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stope</hw> (?), <hw>Sto"pen</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> of <u>Step</u>. <def>Stepped; gone; advanced.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A poor widow, somedeal <i>stope</i> in
age.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop"-gap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
closes or fills up an opening or gap; hence, a temporary
expedient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moral prejudices are the <i>stop-gaps</i> of
virtue.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>The act of excavating in the form of stopes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stop"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be
stopped.</def>  <i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop"-o`ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Permitting one
to stop over; as, a <i>stop-over</i> check or ticket. See <i>To stop
over</i>, under <u>Stop</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def> [Railroad
Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stop"page</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
stopping, or arresting progress, motion, or action; also, the state of
being stopped; as, the <i>stoppage</i> of the circulation of the
blood; the <i>stoppage</i> of commerce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stopped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phonetics)</i>
<def>Made by complete closure of the mouth organs; shut; -- said of
certain consonants (<i>p</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>t</i>, <i>d</i>,
etc.).</def>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stops, closes, shuts, or hinders; that which stops or
obstructs; that which closes or fills a vent or hole in a
vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A short piece of rope having
a knot at one or both ends, with a lanyard under the knot, -- used to
secure something.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name to several trees of
the genus Eugenia, found in Florida and the West Indies; as, the red
<i>stopper</i>. See <u>Eugenia</u>.</def>  <i>C. S. Sargent.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ring stopper</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a short rope or
chain passing through the anchor ring, to secure the anchor to the
cathead.</cd> -- <col><b>Stopper bolt</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a
large ringbolt in a ship's deck, to which the deck stoppers are
hooked.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stop"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stoppered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stoppering</u>.] <def>To close or secure with a stopper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stop"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Material for filling a cavity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A partition or door to
direct or prevent a current of air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A pad or poultice of dung or
other material applied to a horse's hoof to keep it moist.</def>
<i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop"ping-out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A method
adopted in etching, to keep the acid from those parts which are
already sufficiently corroded, by applying varnish or other covering
matter with a brush, but allowing the acid to act on the other
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stop"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>st&ouml;pfel</i>, <i>st&ouml;psel</i>. See <u>Stop</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>That which stops
or closes the mouth of a vessel; a stopper; as, a glass
<i>stopple</i>; a cork <i>stopple</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stop"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stoppled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stoppling</u>.] <def>To close the mouth of anything with a stopple,
or as with a stopple.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stop"ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A remora. It was fabled to stop ships by attaching itself to
them.</def>  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stoor</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stor"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of depositing in a store or warehouse for safe keeping;
also, the safe keeping of goods in a warehouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Space for the safe keeping of
goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The price changed for keeping goods in a
store.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Storage battery</b></col>. <i>(Physics)</i> <cd>See the
Note under <u>Battery</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sto"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>storax</i>,
<i>styrax</i>, Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>Styrax</u>.] <def>Any one of a number
of similar complex resins obtained from the bark of several trees and
shrubs of the Styrax family. The most common of these is <i>liquid
storax</i>, a brown or gray semifluid substance of an agreeable
aromatic odor and balsamic taste, sometimes used in perfumery, and in
medicine as an expectorant.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A yellow aromatic honeylike substance, resembling, and often
confounded with, storax, is obtained from the American sweet gum tree
(<i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i>), and is much used as a chewing gum,
called <i>sweet gum</i>, and <i>liquid storax</i>.  Cf.
<u>Liquidambar</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Store</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stor</i>,
<i>stoor</i>, OF. <i>estor</i>, provisions, supplies, fr.
<i>estorer</i> to store. See <u>Store</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is accumulated, or massed together;
a source from which supplies may be drawn; hence, an abundance; a
great quantity, or a great number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ships are fraught with <i>store</i> of
victuals.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>store</i> of ladies, whose bright eyes<BR>
Rain influence, and give the prize.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of deposit for goods, esp. for
large quantities; a storehouse; a warehouse; a magazine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any place where goods are sold, whether by
wholesale or retail; a shop.</def> [U.S. &amp; British Colonies]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Articles, especially of food,
accumulated for some specific object; supplies, as of provisions,
arms, ammunition, and the like; as, the <i>stores</i> of an army, of a
ship, of a family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His swine, his horse, his <i>stoor</i>, and his
poultry.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In store</b></col>, <cd>in a state of accumulation; in
keeping; hence, in a state of readiness.</cd> "I have better news in
<i>store</i> for thee." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Store
clothes</b></col>, clothing purchased at a shop or store; -- in
distinction from that which is <i>home-made</i>. [Colloq. U.S.] --
<col><b>Store pay</b></col>, payment for goods or work in articles
from a shop or store, instead of money. [U.S.] -- <col><b>To set store
by</b></col>, <cd>to value greatly; to have a high appreciation
of.</cd> -- <col><b>To tell no store of</b></col>, <cd>to make no
account of; to consider of no importance.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fund; supply; abundance; plenty; accumulation;
provision.  -- <u>Store</u>, <u>Shop</u>. The English call the place
where goods are sold (however large or splendid it may be) a
<i>shop</i>, and confine the word <i>store</i> to its original
meaning; viz., a warehouse, or place where goods are <i>stored</i>. In
America the word <i>store</i> is applied to all places, except the
smallest, where goods are sold. In some British colonies the word
<i>store</i> is used as in the United States.
</p>

<p><blockquote>In his needy <i>shop</i> a tortoise hung,<BR>
An alligator stuffed, and other skins<BR>
Of ill-shaped fishes; and about his shelves<BR>
A beggarly account of empty boxes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sulphurous and nitrous foam, . . . <BR>
Concocted and adjusted, they reduced<BR>
To blackest grain, and into <i>store</i> conveyed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Store</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accumulated;
hoarded.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Store</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Storing</u>.] [OE. <i>storen</i>, OF. <i>estorer</i> to construct,
restore, store, LL. <i>staurare</i>, for L. <i>instaurare</i> to
renew, restore; <i>in + staurare</i> (in comp.) Cf. <u>Instore</u>,
<u>Instaurate</u>, <u>Restore</u>, <u>Story</u> a floor.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To collect as a reserved supply; to
accumulate; to lay away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dora <i>stored</i> what little she could
save.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish; to supply; to replenish; esp.,
to stock or furnish against a future time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her mind with thousand virtues
<i>stored</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wise Plato said the world with men was
<i>stored</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Having <i>stored</i> a pond of four acres with carps,
tench, and other fish.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deposit in a store, warehouse, or other
building, for preservation; to warehouse; as, to <i>store</i>
goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Collected or
accumulated as a reserve supply; as, <i>stored</i>
electricity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is charged with <i>stored</i> virtue.</blockquote>
<i>Bagehot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Store"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A building for keeping goods of any kind, especially provisions;
a magazine; a repository; a warehouse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Joseph opened all the <i>storehouses</i>, and sold unto
Egyptians.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xli. 56.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Scripture of God is a <i>storehouse</i> abounding
with estimable treasures of wisdom and knowledge.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mass or quality laid up.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Store"keep`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A man in charge of stores or goods of any kind; as, a naval
<i>storekeeper</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps a "store;" a shopkeeper. See
1st <u>Store</u>, 3.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stor"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lays up or
forms a store.</def></p>

<p><hw>Store"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Room in a
storehouse or repository; a room in which articles are
stored.</def></p>

<p><hw>Store"ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel used
to carry naval stores for a fleet, garrison, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"rey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Story</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stor"ge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;,
&?;, to love.] <def>Parental affection; the instinctive affection
which animals have for their young.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Historical.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Story</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Told in a story.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a history; interesting from the
stories which pertain to it; venerable from the associations of the
past.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some greedy minion, or imperious wife,<BR>
The trophied arches, <i>storied</i> halls, invade.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can <i>storied</i> urn, or animated bust,<BR>
Back to its mansion call the fleeting breath?</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having (such or so many) stories; --
chiefly in composition; as, a two-<i>storied</i> house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A relater of
stories; an historian.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Peacock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Story</i> +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To form or tell stories of; to narrate or describe
in a story.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stork</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>storc</i>; akin to
G. <i>storch</i>, OHG. <i>storah</i>, Icel. <i>storkr</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>stork</i>, and perhaps to Gr. &?; a vulture.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of large wading birds of the family
<i>Ciconid&aelig;</i>, having long legs and a long, pointed bill. They
are found both in the Old World and in America, and belong to
<i>Ciconia</i> and several allied genera. The European white stork
(<i>Ciconia alba</i>) is the best known. It commonly makes its nests
on the top of a building, a chimney, a church spire, or a pillar. The
black stork (<i>C. nigra</i>) is native of Asia, Africa, and
Europe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black-necked stork</b></col>, <cd>the East Indian
jabiru.</cd> -- <col><b>Hair-crested stork</b></col>, <cd>the smaller
adjutant of India (<i>Leptoptilos Javanica</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Giant
stork</b></col>, <cd>the adjutant.</cd> -- <col><b>Marabou
stork</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Marabou</u>. -- Saddle-billed stork, the
African jabiru. See <u>Jabiru</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stork's
bill</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the genus
<i>Pelargonium</i>; -- so called in allusion to the beaklike
prolongation of the axis of the receptacle of its flower. See
<u>Pelargonium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stork"-billed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
bill like that of the stork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>storm</i>; akin to
D. <i>storm</i>, G. <i>sturm</i>, Icel. <i>stormr</i>; and perhaps to
Gr. &?; assault, onset, Skr. <i>s&?;</i> to flow, to hasten, or
perhaps to L. <i>sternere</i> to strew, prostrate (cf.
<u>Stratum</u>). &radic;166.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A violent
disturbance of the atmosphere, attended by wind, rain, snow, hail, or
thunder and lightning; hence, often, a heavy fall of rain, snow, or
hail, whether accompanied with wind or not.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We hear this fearful tempest sing,<BR>
Yet seek no shelter to avoid the <i>storm</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A violent agitation of human society; a
civil, political, or domestic commotion; sedition, insurrection, or
war; violent outbreak; clamor; tumult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will stir up in England some black
<i>storm</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her sister<BR>
Began to scold and raise up such a <i>storm</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A heavy shower or fall, any adverse
outburst of tumultuous force; violence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A brave man struggling in the <i>storms</i> of
fate.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A violent assault on a
fortified place; a furious attempt of troops to enter and take a
fortified place by scaling the walls, forcing the gates, or the
like.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Storm</i> is often used in the formation of self-
explained compounds; as, <i>storm</i>-presaging, <i>storm</i>proof,
<i>storm</i>-tossed, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Magnetic storm</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Magnetic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Storm-and-stress period</b></col> [a
translation of G. <i>sturm und drang periode</i>], <cd>a designation
given to the literary agitation and revolutionary development in
Germany under the lead of Goethe and Schiller in the latter part of
the 18th century.</cd> -- <col><b>Storm center</b></col>
<i>(Meteorol.)</i>, <cd>the center of the area covered by a storm,
especially by a storm of large extent.</cd> -- <col><b>Storm
door</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>an extra outside door to prevent
the entrance of wind, cold, rain, etc.; -- usually removed in
summer.</cd> -- <col><b>Storm path</b></col> <i>(Meteorol.)</i>,
<cd>the course over which a storm, or storm center, travels.</cd> --
<col><b>Storm petrel</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Stormy
petrel</i>, under <u>Petrel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Storm sail</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>any one of a number of strong, heavy sails that
are bent and set in stormy weather.</cd> -- <col><b>Storm
scud</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under <u>Cloud</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tempest; violence; agitation; calamity.  --
<u>Storm</u>, <u>Tempest</u>. <i>Storm</i> is violent agitation, a
commotion of the elements by wind, etc., but not necessarily implying
the fall of anything from the clouds. Hence, to call a mere fall or
rain without wind a <i>storm</i> is a departure from the true sense of
the word. A <i>tempest</i> is a sudden and violent storm, such as
those common on the coast of Italy, where the term originated, and is
usually attended by a heavy rain, with lightning and thunder.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Storms</i> beat, and rolls the main;<BR>
O! beat those <i>storms</i>, and roll the seas, in vain.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What at first was called a gust, the same<BR>
Hath now a <i>storm's</i>, anon a <i>tempest's</i> name.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Storm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stormed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Storming</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To assault; to attack, and
attempt to take, by scaling walls, forcing gates, breaches, or the
like; as, to <i>storm</i> a fortified town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>styrman</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To raise a tempest.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To blow with violence; also, to rain, hail,
snow, or the like, usually in a violent manner, or with high wind; --
used impersonally; as, it <i>storms</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rage; to be in a violent passion; to
fume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The master <i>storms</i>, the lady scolds.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Storm"-beat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beaten,
injured, or impaired by storms.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Storm"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The missel thrush.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The fieldfare.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The green
woodpecker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm"finch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The storm petrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
storms.</def> "The <i>stormful</i> east." <i>Carlyle.</i> --
<wf>Storm"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Storm"glass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A glass
vessel, usually cylindrical, filled with a solution which is sensitive
to atmospheric changes, indicating by a clouded appearance, rain,
snow, etc., and by clearness, fair weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stormy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
stormy; tempestuousness; biosteruousness; impetuousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Storm"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Storm</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Storming party</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a party
assigned to the duty of making the first assault in storming a
fortress.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Storm"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
storms.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Storm"wind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A heavy wind; a
wind that brings a storm; the blast of a storm.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Storm"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stormier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stormiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Characterized by, or proceeding from, a storm; subject to storms;
agitated with furious winds; biosterous; tempestous; as, a
<i>stormy</i> season; a <i>stormy</i> day or week.</def> "Beyond the
<i>stormy</i> Hebrides."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from violent agitation or fury;
as, a <i>stormy</i> sound; <i>stormy</i> shocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Violent; passionate; rough; as,
<i>stormy</i> passions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stormy</i> chiefs of a desert but extensive
domain.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Stor"thing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Norw.
<i>storting</i>; <i>stor</i> great + <i>ting</i> court, court of
justice; cf. Dan. <i>ting</i>, <i>thing</i>.] <def>The Parliament of
Norway, chosen by indirect election once in three years, but holding
annual sessions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stor"ven</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Starve</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stories</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>estor&eacute;</i>,
<i>estor&eacute;e</i>, built, erected, p. p. of <i>estorer</i> to
build, restore, to store. See <u>Store</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>A set of rooms on the same floor or level; a floor, or the space
between two floors. Also, a horizontal division of a building's
exterior considered architecturally, which need not correspond exactly
with the stories within.</def> [Written also <i>storey</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; A <i>story</i> comprehends the distance from one floor to
another; as, a <i>story</i> of nine or ten feet elevation. The spaces
between floors are numbered in order, from below upward; as, the
lower, second, or third <i>story</i>; a house of one <i>story</i>, of
two <i>stories</i>, of five <i>stories</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Story post</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a vertical post
used to support a floor or superincumbent wall.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>storie</i>, OF.
<i>estoire</i>, F. <i>histoire</i>, fr. L. <i>historia</i>. See
<u>History</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A narration or recital of
that which has occurred; a description of past events; a history; a
statement; a record.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One malcontent who did indeed get a name in
<i>story</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Venice, with its unique city and its Impressive
<i>story</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The four great monarchies make the subject of ancient
<i>story</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The relation of an incident or minor event;
a short narrative; a tale; especially, a fictitious narrative less
elaborate than a novel; a short romance.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A euphemism or child's word for "a lie;" a
fib; as, to tell a <i>story</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Storied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Storying</u>.] <def>To tell in historical relation; to make the
subject of a story; to narrate or describe in story.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How worthy he is I will leave to appear hereafter,
rather than <i>story</i> him in his own hearing.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>storied</i> of the brazen colossus in Rhodes,
that it was seventy cubits high.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry*book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book
containing stories, or short narratives, either true or
false.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry-tell`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who tells stories; a narrator of
anecdotes,incidents, or fictitious tales; as, an amusing <i>story-
teller</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An historian; -- in contempt.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A euphemism or child's word for "a
liar."</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry-tell`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
accustomed to tell stories.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or practice of telling stories.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"ry-writ`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who writes short stories, as for
magazines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An historian; a chronicler.</def> [Obs.]
"Rathums, the <i>story-writer</i>."  <i>1 Esdr. ii. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stot</hw> (st&obreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>stotte</i> a hack, jade, or worthless horse; cf. Sw. <i>stut</i> a
bull, Dan. <i>stud</i> an ox.  Cf. <u>Stoat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A horse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Thorold Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young bull or ox, especially one three
years old.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><! p. 1421 !></p>

<p><hw>Stote</hw> (st&omacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Stoat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stound</hw> (stound), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Astound</u>, <u>Stun</u>.] <def>To be in pain or sorrow.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Stound</hw> <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stound</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>Stunned.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sudden, severe pain or grief; peril; alarm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Astonishment; amazement.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser. Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>stund</i>; akin to D.
<i>stond</i>, G. <i>stunde</i>, Icel. <i>stund</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hour; time; season.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brief space of time; a moment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In a stound</b></col>, <cd>suddenly.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stound</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Stand</u>.] <def>A
vessel for holding small beer.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stoup</hw> (st&oomac;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stoop</u>
a vessel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flagon; a vessel or measure for
liquids.</def> [Scot.] <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A basin at the entrance of
Roman Catholic churches for containing the holy water with which those
who enter, dipping their fingers in it, cross themselves; -- called
also <i>holy-water stoup</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estour</i>,
<i>estor</i>, tumult, combat, of Teutonic origin. See <u>Storm</u>.]
<def>A battle or tumult; encounter; combat; disturbance;
passion.</def> [Obs.] <i>Fairfax.</i> "That woeful <i>stowre</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She that helmed was in starke <i>stours</i> [fierce
conflicts].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stour</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stoor</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Tall; strong; stern.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Stout</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Stouter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Stoutest</u>.] [D.
<i>stout</i> bold (or OF. <i>estout</i> bold, proud, of Teutonic
origin); akin to AS. <i>stolt</i>, G. <i>stolz</i>, and perh. to E.
<i>stilt</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Strong; lusty; vigorous;
robust; sinewy; muscular; hence, firm; resolute; dauntless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With hearts stern and <i>stout</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>stouter</i> champion never handled
sword.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He lost the character of a bold, <i>stout</i>,
magnanimous man.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lords all stand<BR>
To clear their cause, most resolutely <i>stout</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proud; haughty; arrogant; hard.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Your words have been <i>stout</i> against
me.</blockquote> <i>Mal. iii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Commonly . . . they that be rich are lofty and
<i>stout</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Firm; tough; materially strong; enduring;
as, a <i>stout</i> vessel, stick, string, or cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Large; bulky; corpulent.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Stout</u>, <u>Corpulent</u>, <u>Portly</u>.
<i>Corpulent</i> has reference simply to a superabundance or excess of
flesh. <i>Portly</i> implies a kind of stoutness or corpulence which
gives a dignified or imposing appearance. <i>Stout</i>, in our early
writers (as in the English Bible), was used chiefly or wholly in the
sense of <i>strong</i> or <i>bold</i>; as, a <i>stout</i> champion; a
<i>stout</i> heart; a <i>stout</i> resistance, etc. At a later period
it was used for <i>thickset</i> or <i>bulky</i>, and more recently,
especially in England, the idea has been carried still further, so
that Taylor says in his Synonyms: "The <i>stout</i> man has the
proportions of an ox; he is corpulent, fat, and fleshy in relation to
his size." In America, <i>stout</i> is still commonly used in the
original sense of <i>strong</i> as, a <i>stout</i> boy; a <i>stout</i>
pole.</p>

<p><hw>Stout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strong malt liquor;
strong porter.</def>
  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stout"-heart"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
brave heart; courageous.</def> -- <wf>Stout"-heart"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stout"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat stout;
somewhat corpulent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stout"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a stout manner;
lustily; boldly; obstinately; as, he <i>stoutly</i> defended
himself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stout"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being stout.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Strength; bulk; courage; force; valor; lustiness;
brawniness; boldness; fortitude; stubbornness.</p>

<p><hw>Stove</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Stave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stove</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>stoof</i> a foot stove,
originally, a heated room, a room for a bath; akin to G. <i>stube</i>
room, OHG. <i>stuba</i> a heated room, AS. <i>stofe</i>, Icel.
<i>stofa</i> a room, bathing room, Sw. <i>stufva</i>, <i>stuga</i>, a
room, Dan. <i>stue</i>; of unknown origin.  Cf. <u>Estufa</u>,
<u>Stew</u>, <u>Stufa</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A house or room
artificially warmed or heated; a forcing house, or hothouse; a drying
room; -- formerly, designating an artificially warmed dwelling or
room, a parlor, or a bathroom, but now restricted, in this sense, to
heated houses or rooms used for horticultural purposes or in the
processes of the arts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When most of the waiters were commanded away to their
supper, the parlor or <i>stove</i> being nearly emptied, in came a
company of musketeers.</blockquote> <i>Earl of Strafford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How tedious is it to them that live in <i>stoves</i>
and caves half a year together, as in Iceland, Muscovy, or under the
pole!</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An apparatus, consisting essentially of a
receptacle for fuel, made of iron, brick, stone, or tiles, and
variously constructed, in which fire is made or kept for warming a
room or a house, or for culinary or other purposes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cooking stove</b></col>, <cd>a stove with an oven, opening
for pots, kettles, and the like, -- used for cooking.</cd> --
<col><b>Dry stove</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Dry</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Foot stove</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Foot</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Franklin stove</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Stove plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant which
requires artificial heat to make it grow in cold or cold temperate
climates.</cd> -- <col><b>Stove plate</b></col>, <cd>thin iron
castings for the parts of stoves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stove</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stoved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stoving</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep warm, in a house or
room, by artificial heat; as, to <i>stove</i> orange trees.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To heat or dry, as in a stove; as, to
<i>stove</i> feathers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stove"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
hothouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stove"pipe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pipe made of
sheet iron in length and angular or curved pieces fitting together, --
used to connect a portable stove with a chimney flue.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stovepipe hat</b></col>, <cd>the common tall silk hat.</cd>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sto"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>estoveir</i>,
<i>estovoir</i>, necessity, provisions, properly an inf., "to be
necessary."  Cf. <u>Estovers</u>.] <def>Fodder for cattle, especially
straw or coarse hay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where live nibbling sheep,<BR>
And flat meads thatched with <i>stover</i> them to keep.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thresh barley as yet but as need shall require,<BR>
Fresh threshed for <i>stover</i> thy cattle desire.</blockquote>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stowing</u>.] [OE. <i>stowen</i>, fr. <i>stowe</i> a place, AS.
<i>stow</i>; cf. Icel. eld<i>st&omacr;</i>a fireplace, hearth, OFries.
<i>st&omacr;</i>, and E. <i>stand</i>. &radic;163.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To place or arrange in a compact mass; to put in its proper
place, or in a suitable place; to pack; as, to <i>stow</i>bags, bales,
or casks in a ship's hold; to <i>stow</i> hay in a mow; to <i>stow</i>
sheaves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>stow</i> their oars, or stop the leaky
sides.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put away in some place; to hide; to
lodge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foul thief! where hast thou <i>stowed</i> my
daughter?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To arrange anything compactly in; to fill,
by packing closely; as, to <i>stow</i> a box, car, or the hold of a
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stow"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or method of stowing; as, the <i>stowage</i> of
provisions in a vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Room in which things may be stowed.</def>
<i>Cook.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In every vessel is <i>stowage</i> for immense
treasures.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being stowed, or put
away.</def> "To have them in safe <i>stowage</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Things stowed or packed.</def>  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Money paid for stowing goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stow"a*way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
conceals himself board of a vessel about to leave port, or on a
railway train, in order to obtain a free passage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stow"board</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place into
which rubbish is put.</def> [Written also <i>stowbord</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stowce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A windlass.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
wooden landmark, to indicate possession of mining land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stow"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
method of working in which the waste is packed into the space formed
by excavating the vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stowre</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Stour</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stowre</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Stour</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stra"bism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Strabismus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra`bis*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Strabismus</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument
for measuring the amount of strabismus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*bis"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to squint, fr. &?; distorted, squinting.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An affection of one or both eyes, in which the optic axes can not
be directed to the same object, -- a defect due either to undue
contraction or to undue relaxation of one or more of the muscles which
move the eyeball; squinting; cross-eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*bot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; squinting
+ &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation for the removal of
squinting by the division of such muscles as distort the
eyeball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Straddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Straddling</u> (?).] [Freq. from the root of <i>stride</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To part the legs wide; to stand or to walk
with the legs far apart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stand with the ends staggered; -- said
of the spokes of a wagon wheel where they join the hub.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To place one leg
on one side and the other on the other side of; to stand or sit
astride of; as, to <i>straddle</i> a fence or a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of standing, sitting, or walking, with the feet far
apart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The position, or the distance between the
feet, of one who straddles; as, a wide <i>straddle</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stock option giving the holder the double
privilege of a "put" and a "call," <i>i. e.</i>, securing to the buyer
of the option the right either to demand of the seller at a certain
price, within a certain time, certain securities, or to require him to
take at the same price, and within the same time, the same
securities.</def> [Broker's Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Strad"dling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Applied to
spokes when they are arranged alternately in two circles in the hub.
See <u>Straddle</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and <u>Straddle</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 3.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strad`o*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.
<i>strada</i> street or road + E. <i>metrical</i>.] <def>Of, or
relating to, the measuring of streets or roads.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Strag"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Straggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Straggling</u> (?).] [Freq. of OE. <i>straken</i> to roam, to
stroke. See <u>Stroke</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To wander from the direct course or way; to rove; to stray; to
wander from the line of march or desert the line of battle; as, when
troops are on the march, the men should not <i>straggle</i>.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wander at large; to roam idly about; to
ramble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wolf spied out a <i>straggling</i>
kid.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To escape or stretch beyond proper limits,
as the branches of a plant; to spread widely apart; to shoot too far
or widely in growth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trim off the small, superfluous branches on each side
of the hedge that <i>straggle too far out</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be dispersed or separated; to occur at
intervals.</def> "<i>Straggling</i> pistol shots."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They came between Scylla and Charybdis and the
<i>straggling</i> rocks.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strag"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
straggling.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strag"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who straggles, or departs from the direct or proper course,
or from the company to which he belongs; one who falls behind the
rest; one who rambles without any settled direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A roving vagabond.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something that shoots, or spreads out,
beyond the rest, or too far; an exuberant growth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let thy hand supply the pruning knife,<BR>
And crop luxuriant <i>stragglers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something that stands alone or by
itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strag"gling</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Straggle</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Strag"gling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
straggling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strag"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stragula</b></plw> (#). [L., a spread or covering, from
<i>sternere</i> to spread out.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The mantle,
or pallium, of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Strait</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Egypt is a long country, but it is <i>straight</i>,
that is to say, narrow.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Mandeville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Straighter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Straightest</u>.]
[OE. <i>strei&?;t</i>, properly p. p. of <i>strecchen</i> to stretch,
AS. <i>streht</i>, p. p. of <i>streccan</i> to stretch, to extend. See
<u>Stretch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Right, in a mathematical
sense; passing from one point to another by the nearest course;
direct; not deviating or crooked; as, a <i>straight</i> line or
course; a <i>straight</i> piece of timber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the crooked shall be made
<i>straight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xl. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are many several sorts of crooked lines, but
there is only one which is <i>straight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Approximately straight; not
much curved; as, <i>straight</i> ribs are such as pass from the base
of a leaf to the apex, with a small curve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>Composed of cards
which constitute a regular sequence, as the ace, king, queen, jack,
and ten-spot; as, a <i>straight</i> hand; a <i>straight</i>
flush.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Conforming to justice and rectitude; not
deviating from truth or fairness; upright; as, <i>straight</i>
dealing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Unmixed; undiluted; as, to take liquor
<i>straight</i>.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Making no exceptions or deviations in one's
support of the organization and candidates of a political party; as, a
<i>straight</i> Republican; a <i>straight</i> Democrat; also,
containing the names of all the regularly nominated candidates of a
party and no others; as, a <i>straight</i> ballot.</def> [Political
Cant, U.S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Straight arch</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a form of arch
in which the intrados is straight, but with its joints drawn radially,
as in a common arch.</cd> -- <col><b>A straight face</b></col>,
<cd>one giving no evidence of merriment or other emotion.</cd> --
<col><b>A straight line</b></col>. <cd>"That which lies evenly between
its extreme points." <i>Euclid.</i> "The shortest line between two
points." <i>Chauvenet.</i> "A line which has the same direction
through its whole length." <i>Newcomb.</i></cd> -- <col><b>Straight-
way valve</b></col>, <cd>a valve which, when opened widely, affords a
straight passageway, as for water.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Straight</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a straight
manner; directly; rightly; forthwith; immediately; as, the arrow went
<i>straight</i> to the mark.</def> "Floating <i>straight</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know thy generous temper well;<BR>
Fling but the appearance of dishonor on it,<BR>
It <i>straight</i> takes fire, and mounts into a blaze.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Everything was going on <i>straight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Poker)</i> <def>A hand
of five cards in consecutive order as to value; a sequence. When they
are of one suit, it is calles <i>straight flush</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
straighten.</def> [R.]  <i>A Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight"edge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A board, or
piece of wood or metal, having one edge perfectly straight, -- used to
ascertain whether a line is straight or a surface even, and for
drawing straight lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Straighted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Straighting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
straight; to reduce from a crooked to a straight form.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make right or correct; to reduce to
order; as, to <i>straighten</i> one's affairs; to <i>straighten</i> an
account.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To straighten one's face</b></col>, <cd>to cease laughing
or smiling, etc., and compose one's features.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Straight"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Straiten</u>.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Straight"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, straightens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"forth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Straightway.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Straight`for"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Proceeding in a straight course or manner; not deviating; honest;
frank.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a straightforward
manner.</def> -- <wf>Straight`for"ward*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Straight`for"ward*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Straight"horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>An orthoceras.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"-joint`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Having straight joints.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Applied to a floor the boards of which are so laid that the
joints form a continued line transverse to the length of the boards
themselves.</def> <i>Brandle &amp; C.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In the
United States, applied to planking or flooring put together without
the tongue and groove, the pieces being laid edge to edge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"-lined`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
straight lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a right line;
not crookedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Straitly</u>. See 1st <u>Straight</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality,
condition, or state, of being straight; as, the <i>straightness</i> of
a path.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Straitness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straight"-out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting
without concealment, obliquity, or compromise; hence, unqualified;
thoroughgoing.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Straight-out</i> and generous
indignation.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Stowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight"-pight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Straight
in form or upright in position; erect.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight"-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Speaking
with directness; plain-spoken.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Immediately; without loss of time; without delay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He took the damsel by the hand, and said unto her,
Talitha cumi. . . . And <i>straightway</i> the damsel
arose.</blockquote> <i>Mark v. 41,42.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straight"ways`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Straightway.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Straik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Strene</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Race; stock; generation; descent;
family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is of a noble <i>strain</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With animals and plants a cross between different
varieties, or between individuals of the same variety but of another
<i>strain</i>, gives vigor and fertility to the
offspring.</blockquote> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hereditary character, quality, or
disposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Intemperance and lust breed diseases, which,
propogated, spoil the <i>strain</i> of nation.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rank; a sort.</def> "The common
<i>strain</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Straining</u>.] [OF. <i>estraindre</i>, <i>estreindre</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;treindre</i>, L. <i>stringere</i> to draw or bind tight;
probably akin to Gr. &?; a halter, &?; that which is squeezwd out, a
drop, or perhaps to E. <i>strike</i>.  Cf. <u>Strangle</u>,
<u>Strike</u>, <u>Constrain</u>, <u>District</u>, <u>Strait</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <u>Stress</u>, <u>Strict</u>, <u>Stringent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw with force; to extend with great
effort; to stretch; as, to <i>strain</i> a rope; to <i>strain</i> the
shrouds of a ship; to <i>strain</i> the cords of a musical
instrument.</def> "To <i>strain</i> his fetters with a stricter care."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To act upon, in any way, so
as to cause change of form or volume, as forces on a beam to bend
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To exert to the utmost; to ply
vigorously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sweats,<BR>
<i>Strains</i> his young nerves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>strain</i> their warbling throats<BR>
To welcome in the spring.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stretch beyond its proper limit; to do
violence to, in the matter of intent or meaning; as, to <i>strain</i>
the law in order to convict an accused person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There can be no other meaning in this expression,
however some may pretend to <i>strain</i> it.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To injure by drawing, stretching, or the
exertion of force; as, the gale <i>strained</i> the timbers of the
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To injure in the muscles or joints by
causing to make too strong an effort; to harm by overexertion; to
sprain; as, to <i>strain</i> a horse by overloading; to <i>strain</i>
the wrist; to <i>strain</i> a muscle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prudes decayed about may track,<BR>
<i>Strain</i> their necks with looking back.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To squeeze; to press closely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evander with a close embrace<BR>
<i>Strained</i> his departing friend.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To make uneasy or unnatural; to produce
with apparent effort; to force; to constrain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He talks and plays with Fatima, but his mirth<BR>
Is forced and <i>strained</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The quality of mercy is not
<i>strained</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To urge with importunity; to press; as, to
<i>strain</i> a petition or invitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Note, if your lady <i>strain</i> his
entertainment.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To press, or cause to pass, through a
strainer, as through a screen, a cloth, or some porous substance; to
purify, or separate from extraneous or solid matter, by filtration; to
filter; as, to <i>strain</i> milk through cloth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To strain a point</b></col>, <cd>to make a special effort;
especially, to do a degree of violence to some principle or to one's
own feelings.</cd> -- <col><b>To strain courtesy</b></col>, <cd>to go
beyond what courtesy requires; to insist somewhat too much upon the
precedence of others; -- often used ironically.</cd> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1422 !></p>

<p><hw>Strain</hw> (str&amacr;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make violent efforts.</def>
"<i>Straining</i> with too weak a wing."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To build his fortune I will <i>strain</i> a
little.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To percolate; to be filtered; as, water
<i>straining</i> through a sandy soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of straining, or the state of being strained.</def> Specifically:
--</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A violent effort; an excessive and hurtful
exertion or tension, as of the muscles; as, he lifted the weight with
a <i>strain</i>; the <i>strain</i> upon a ship's rigging in a gale;
also, the hurt or injury resulting; a sprain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether any poet of our country since Shakespeare has
exerted a greater variety of powers with less <i>strain</i> and less
ostentation.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Credit is gained by custom, and seldom recovers a
<i>strain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mech. Physics)</i> <def>A change of form or
dimensions of a solid or liquid mass, produced by a stress.</def>
<i>Rankine.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A portion of music divided
off by a double bar; a complete musical period or sentence; a
movement, or any rounded subdivision of a movement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their heavenly harps a lower <i>strain</i>
began.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any sustained note or movement; a song; a
distinct portion of an ode or other poem; also, the pervading note, or
burden, of a song, poem, oration, book, etc.; theme; motive; manner;
style; also, a course of action or conduct; as, he spoke in a noble
<i>strain</i>; there was a <i>strain</i> of woe in his story; a
<i>strain</i> of trickery appears in his career.</def> "A
<i>strain</i> of gallantry."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such take too high a <i>strain</i> at
first.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The genius and <i>strain</i> of the book of
Proverbs.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It [Pilgrim's Progress] seems a novelty, and yet
contains<BR>
Nothing but sound and honest gospel <i>strains</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Turn; tendency; inborn disposition.  Cf.
1st <u>Strain</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Because heretics have a <i>strain</i> of madness, he
applied her with some corporal chastisements.</blockquote>
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strain"a*ble</hw> (-&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being strained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Violent in action.</def>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strain"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Violently.</def>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strained</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Subjected to great or excessive tension; wrenched; weakened; as,
<i>strained</i> relations between old friends.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done or produced with straining or
excessive effort; as, his wit was <i>strained</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who strains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That through which any liquid is passed for
purification or to separate it from solid matter; anything, as a
screen or a cloth, used to strain a liquid; a device of the character
of a sieve or of a filter; specifically, an openwork or perforated
screen, as for the end of the suction pipe of a pump, to prevent large
solid bodies from entering with a liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strain"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Strain</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Straining piece</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a short piece
of timber in a truss, used to maintain the ends of struts or rafters,
and keep them from slipping. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Queen-
post</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Straint</hw> (str&amacr;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>estrainte</i>, <i>estreinte</i>, F. <i>&eacute;trainte</i>. See 2nd
<u>Strain</u>.] <def>Overexertion; excessive tension; strain.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strait</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A variant of
<u>Straight</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strait</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Straiter</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Straitest</u>.] [OE. <i>straight</i>,
<i>streyt</i>, <i>streit</i>, OF. <i>estreit</i>, <i>estroit</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;troit</i>, from L. <i>strictus</i> drawn together, close,
tight, p. p. of <i>stringere</i> to draw tight. See 2nd <u>Strait</u>,
and cf. <u>Strict</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Narrow; not
broad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Strait</i> is the gate, and narrow is the way, which
leadeth unto life, and few there be that find it.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. vii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Too <i>strait</i> and low our cottage
doors.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tight; close; closely fitting.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Close; intimate; near; familiar.</def>
[Obs.] "A <i>strait</i> degree of favor."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Strict; scrupulous; rigorous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some certain edicts and some <i>strait</i>
decrees.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>straitest</i> sect of our religion.</blockquote>
<i>Acts xxvi. 5 (Rev. Ver.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Difficult; distressful; straited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make your <i>strait</i> circumstances yet
<i>straiter</i>.</blockquote> <i>Secker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Parsimonious; niggargly; mean.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I beg cold comfort, and you are so <i>strait</i>,<BR>
And so ingrateful, you deny me that.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strait</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Strictly;
rigorously.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strait</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Straits</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>straight</i>, <i>streit</i>,
OF. <i>estreit</i>, <i>estroit</i>. See <u>Strait</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A narrow pass or
passage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He brought him through a darksome narrow
<i>strait</i><BR>
To a broad gate all built of beaten gold.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Honor travels in a <i>strait</i> so narrow<BR>
Where one but goes abreast.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Specifically: <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A
(comparatively) narrow passageway connecting two large bodies of
water; -- often in the plural; as, the <i>strait</i>, or
<i>straits</i>, of Gibraltar; the <i>straits</i> of Magellan; the
<i>strait</i>, or <i>straits</i>, of Mackinaw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We steered directly through a large outlet which they
call a <i>strait</i>, though it be fifteen miles broad.</blockquote>
<i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A neck of land; an isthmus.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A dark <i>strait</i> of barren land.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A condition of narrowness or
restriction; doubt; distress; difficulty; poverty; perplexity; --
sometimes in the plural; as, reduced to great
<i>straits</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For I am in a <i>strait</i> betwixt two.</blockquote>
<i>Phil. i. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let no man, who owns a Providence, grow desperate under
any calamity or <i>strait</i> whatsoever.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ulysses made use of the pretense of natural infirmity
to conceal the <i>straits</i> he was in at that time in his
thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strait</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put to
difficulties.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strait"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Straitened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Straitening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make strait; to make
narrow; hence, to contract; to confine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Waters, when <i>straitened</i>, as at the falls of
bridges, give a roaring noise.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In narrow circuit, <i>straitened</i> by a
foe.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make tense, or tight; to
tighten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>straiten</i> at each end the cord.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To restrict; to distress or embarrass in
respect of means or conditions of life; -- used chiefly in the past
participle; -- as, a man <i>straitened</i> in his
circumstances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strait"-hand`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Parsimonious; sparing; niggardly.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Strait"-
hand`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Strait"-jack`et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dress of
strong materials for restraining maniacs or those who are violently
delirious. It has long sleeves, which are closed at the ends,
confining the hands, and may be tied behind the back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strait"-laced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bound with stays.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let nature have scope to fashion the body as she thinks
best; we have few well-shaped that are <i>strait-
laced</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Restricted; stiff; constrained.</def> [R.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rigid in opinion; strict in manners or
morals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strait"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a strait manner; narrowly; strictly; rigorously.</def>
<i>Mark i. 43.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Closely; intimately.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strait"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being strait; especially, a pinched condition or
situation caused by poverty; as, the <i>straitness</i>of their
circumstances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strait"-waist`coat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Strait-jacket</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strake</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Strike</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Streak</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A streak.</def> [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i>"White
<i>strake</i>." <i>Gen. xxx. 37.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An iron band by which the fellies of a
wheel are secured to each other, being not continuous, as the tire is,
but made up of separate pieces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>One breadth of planks
or plates forming a continuous range on the bottom or sides of a
vessel, reaching from the stem to the stern; a streak.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The planks or plates next the keel are called the
<i>garboard strakes</i>; the next, or the heavy strakes at the bilge,
are the <i>bilge strakes</i>; the next, from the water line to the
lower port sill, the <i>wales</i>; and the upper parts of the sides,
the <i>sheer strakes</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A trough for washing broken
ore, gravel, or sand; a launder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pupil of the
eye.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stram</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. LG.
<i>strammen</i> to strain, straiten, stretch, D. <i>stram</i>
strained, tight, G. <i>stramm</i>.] <def>To spring or recoil with
violence.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stram</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dash down; to
beat.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stram"ash</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Stramazoun</u>.] <def>To strike, beat, or bang; to break; to
destroy.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stram"ash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A turmoil; a broil; a
fray; a fight.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]  <i>Barham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stram"a*zoun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>estrama&ccedil;on</i>, It. <i>stramazzone</i>.] <def>A direct
descending blow with the edge of a sword.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stra*min"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stramineus</i>, fr. <i>stramen</i> straw, fr. <i>sternere</i>,
<i>stratum</i>, to spread out, to strew.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Strawy; consisting of straw.</def>  <i>Robinson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Chaffy; like straw; straw-colored.</def>
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stra*mo"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; Cf. F.
<i>stramoine</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A poisonous plant (<i>Datura
Stramonium</i>); stinkweed. See <u>Datura</u>, and <u>Jamestown
weed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stram"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Stramonium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr. D.
<i>streen</i> a skein; akin to G. <i>str&auml;hne</i> a skein, lock of
hair, strand of a rope.] <def>One of the twists, or strings, as of
fibers, wires, etc., of which a rope is composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strand</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To break a strand of
(a rope).</def></p>

<p><hw>Strand</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>strand</i>; akin to
D., G., Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>strand</i>, Icel. <i>str&ouml;nd</i>.] <def>The
shore, especially the beach of a sea, ocean, or large lake; rarely,
the margin of a navigable river.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Strand birds</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Shore birds</i>, under <u>Shore</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Strand
plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a black-bellied plover. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Plover</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Strand wolf</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the brown hyena.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strand</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stranded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stranding</u>.] <def>To drive on a strand; hence, to run aground;
as, to <i>strand</i> a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strand</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drift, or be
driven, on shore to run aground; as, the ship <i>stranded</i> at high
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strang</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Strong</u>.]
<def>Strong.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strange</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stranger</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Strangest</u> (?).] [OE. <i>estrange</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;trange</i>, fr. L. <i>extraneus</i> that is without,
external, foreign, fr. <i>extra</i> on the outside. See <u>Extra</u>,
and cf. <u>Estrange</u>, <u>Extraneous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to another country; foreign.</def> "To seek
<i>strange</i> strands."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One of the <i>strange</i> queen's lords.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not contemn the knowledge of <i>strange</i> and
divers tongues.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to others; not one's own;
not pertaining to one's self; not domestic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So she, impatient her own faults to see,<BR>
Turns from herself, and in <i>strange</i> things
delights.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not before known, heard, or seen;
new.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here is the hand and seal of the duke; you know the
character, I doubt not; and the signet is not <i>strange</i> to
you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not according to the common way; novel;
odd; unusual; irregular; extraordinary; unnatural; queer.</def> "He is
sick of a <i>strange</i> fever."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sated at length, erelong I might perceive<BR>
<i>Strange</i> alteration in me.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Reserved; distant in deportment.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She may be <i>strange</i> and shy at first, but will
soon learn to love thee.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Backward; slow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who, loving the effect, would not be <i>strange</i><BR>
In favoring the cause.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Not familiar; unaccustomed;
inexperienced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In thy fortunes am unlearned and
<i>strange</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Strange</i> is often used as an exclamation.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Strange</i>! what extremes should thus preserve the
snow<BR>
High on the Alps, or in deep caves below.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Strange sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>an unknown
vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Strange woman</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>,
<cd>a harlot.</cd> <i>Prov. v. 3.</i> -- <col><b>To make it
strange</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To assume ignorance,
suspicion, or alarm, concerning it</cd>. <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To make it a matter of difficulty.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To make strange</b></col>, <col><b>To make
one's self strange</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To profess
ignorance or astonishment</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To assume the
character of a stranger</cd>. <i>Gen. xlii. 7.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Foreign; new; outlandish; wonderful; astonishing;
marvelous; unusual; odd; uncommon; irregular; queer; eccentric.</p>

<p><hw>Strange</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Strangely.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Most <i>strange</i>, but yet most truly, will I
speak.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strange</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To alienate; to
estrange.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strange</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be estranged or alienated.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wonder; to be astonished.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strange"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>As something foreign, or not one's own; in a manner adapted to
something foreign and strange.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the manner of one who does not know
another; distantly; reservedly; coldly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You all look <i>strangely</i> on me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do in justice charge thee . . . <BR>
That thou commend it <i>strangely</i> to some place<BR>
Where chance may nurse or end it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a strange manner; in a manner or degree
to excite surprise or wonder; wonderfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>strangely</i> active are the arts of
peace!</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It would <i>strangely</i> delight you to see with what
spirit he converses.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strange"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being strange (in any sense of the adjective).</def></p>

<p><hw>Stran"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>estrangier</i>, F. <i>&eacute;tranger</i>. See <u>Strange</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is strange, foreign, or unknown.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who comes from a foreign land; a
foreigner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a most poor woman and a <i>stranger</i>,<BR>
Born out of your dominions.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One whose home is at a distance from the
place where he is, but in the same country.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One who is unknown or unacquainted; as,
the gentleman is a <i>stranger</i> to me; hence, one not admitted to
communication, fellowship, or acquaintance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Melons on beds of ice are taught to bear,<BR>
And <i>strangers</i> to the sun yet ripen here.</blockquote>
<i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My child is yet a <i>stranger</i> in the
world.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I was no <i>stranger</i> to the original.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One not belonging to the family or
household; a guest; a visitor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To honor and receive<BR>
Our heavenly <i>stranger</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One not privy or party an act,
contract, or title; a mere intruder or intermeddler; one who
interferes without right; as, actual possession of land gives a good
title against a <i>stranger</i> having no title; as to
<i>strangers</i>, a mortgage is considered merely as a pledge; a mere
<i>stranger</i> to the levy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stran"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To estrange; to
alienate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strangled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Strangling</u> (?).] [OF. <i>estrangler</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;trangler</i>, L. <i>strangulare</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?;
a halter; and perhaps akin to E. <i>string</i>, n.  Cf. <u>Strain</u>,
<u>String</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To compress the windpipe of (a
person or animal) until death results from stoppage of respiration; to
choke to death by compressing the throat, as with the hand or a
rope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our Saxon ancestors compelled the adulteress to
<i>strangle</i> herself.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stifle, choke, or suffocate in any
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall I not then be stifled in the vault, . . . <BR>
And there die <i>strangled</i> ere my Romeo comes?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hinder from appearance; to stifle; to
suppress.</def> "<i>Strangle</i> such thoughts."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be strangled,
or suffocated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gle*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being strangled.</def> [R.]  <i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, strangles.</def> "The very <i>strangler</i> of their amity."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1423 !></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A disease in
horses and swine, in which the upper part of the throat, or groups of
lymphatic glands elsewhere, swells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Strangulated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Having the circulation stopped
by compression; attended with arrest or obstruction of circulation,
caused by constriction or compression; as, a <i>strangulated</i>
hernia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Contracted at irregular
intervals, if tied with a ligature; constricted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Strangulated hernia</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Hernia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gu*la`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>strangulatio</i>: cf. F. <i>strangulation</i>. See
<u>Strangle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of strangling, or
the state of being strangled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inordinate compression or
constriction of a tube or part, as of the throat; especially, such as
causes a suspension of breathing, of the passage of contents, or of
the circulation, as in cases of hernia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stran*gu"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stranguriosus</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
strangury.</def>  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gu*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stranguria</i>, Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, a drop + &?; to make water, &?;
urine: cf. F. <i>strangurie</i>. See <u>Strangle</u>, and
<u>Urine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A painful
discharge of urine, drop by drop, produced by spasmodic muscular
contraction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A swelling or other disease
in a plant, occasioned by a ligature fastened tightly about
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The guillemot.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Strap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>strope</i>, AS.
<i>stropp</i>, L. <i>stroppus</i>, <i>struppus</i>, perhaps fr. Gr.
&?; a band or cord, fr. &?; to twist, to turn (cf. <u>Strophe</u>).
Cf. <u>Strop</u> a strap, a piece of rope.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
long, narrow, pliable strip of leather, cloth, or the like;
specifically, a strip of thick leather used in flogging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lively cobbler that . . . had scarce passed a day
without giving her [his wife] the discipline of the
<i>strap</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something made of such a strip, or of a
part of one, or a combination of two or more for a particular use; as,
a boot <i>strap</i>, shawl <i>strap</i>, stirrup
<i>strap</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of leather, or strip of wood
covered with a suitable material, for sharpening a razor; a
strop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A narrow strip of anything, as of iron or
brass.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Carp. &amp; Mach.)</i> <def>A band, plate, or
loop of metal for clasping and holding timbers or parts of a
machine.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of rope or metal
passing around a block and used for fastening it to
anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The flat
part of the corolla in ligulate florets, as those of the white circle
in the daisy.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The leaf, exclusive of
its sheath, in some grasses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A shoulder strap. See under
<u>Shoulder</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Strap bolt</b></col>, <cd>a bolt of which one end is a flat
bar of considerable length.</cd> -- <col><b>Strap head</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a journal box, or pair of brasses, secured to the
end of a connecting rod by a strap. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Gib and
key</i>, under <u>Gib</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Strap hinge</b></col>,
<cd>a hinge with long flaps by which it is fastened, as to a door or
wall.</cd> -- <col><b>Strap rail</b></col> <i>(Railroads)</i>, <cd>a
flat rail formerly used.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Strapping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat or chastise with a
strap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fasten or bind with a strap.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sharpen by rubbing on a strap, or strop;
as, to <i>strap</i> a razor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strap*pa"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Strappadoes</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>strappata</i> a pull, the
strappado, from <i>strappare</i> to pull, from Prov. G.
<i>strapfen</i>: cf. G. <i>straff</i> tense, stretched.] <def>A
military punishment formerly practiced, which consisted in drawing an
offender to the top of a beam and letting him fall to the length of
the rope, by which means a limb was often dislocated.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strap*pa"do</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To punish or
torture by the strappado.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who uses strap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing of uncommon size.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Strap"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tall; strong;
lusty; large; as, a <i>strapping</i> fellow.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There are five and thirty <i>strapping</i> officers
gone.</blockquote> <i>Farquhar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strap"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hold or
bind with, or as with, a strap; to entangle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strap"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like
a strap; ligulate; as, a <i>strap-shaped</i> corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strap"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A kind of ornament consisting of a narrow fillet or band folded,
crossed, and interlaced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
inventor, a German jeweler: cf. F. <i>stras</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A brilliant glass, used in the manufacture of artificial paste
gems, which consists essentially of a complex borosilicate of lead and
potassium.  Cf. <u>Glass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Stratum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat"a*gem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>stratag&egrave;me</i> (cf. Sp. <i>estratagema</i>, It.
<i>stratagemma</i>), L. <i>strategema</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to be
leader of an army, fr. &?; a general; &?; an army (probably as being
spread out; cf. <u>Stratum</u>) + &?; to lead. See <u>Agent</u>.]
<def>An artifice or trick in war for deceiving the enemy; hence, in
general, artifice; deceptive device; secret plot; evil
machination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fit for treasons, <i>stratagems</i>, and
spoils.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those oft are <i>stratagems</i> which error seem,<BR>
Nor is it Homer nods, but we that dream.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strat`a*gem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Containing stratagem; as, a <i>stratagemical</i> epistle.</def>
[R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strat`a*rith"me*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
army + &?; number + <i>-metry</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The art of
drawing up an army, or any given number of men, in any geometrical
figure, or of estimating or expressing the number of men in such a
figure.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Strat`e*get"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Strat`e*get"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Strategic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat`e*get"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Strategy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stra*te"gic</hw> (?), <hw>Stra*te"gic*al</hw>, }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of or for a general: cf. F.
<i>strat&eacute;gique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to strategy;
effected by artifice.</def> -- <wf>Stra*te"gic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Strategic line</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a line joining
strategic points.</cd> -- <col><b>Strategic point</b></col>
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>any point or region in the theater or warlike
operations which affords to its possessor an advantage over his
opponent, as a mountain pass, a junction of rivers or roads, a
fortress, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stra*te"gics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Strategy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat"e*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>strat&eacute;giste</i>.] <def>One skilled in strategy, or the
science of directing great military movements.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stra*te"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Strategi</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;. See
<u>Stratagem</u>.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>The leader or commander of
an army; a general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat"e*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>strat&eacute;gie</i>. See <u>Stratagem</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The science of military command, or the science of projecting
campaigns and directing great military movements;
generalship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The use of stratagem or artifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strath</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>srath</i>.]
<def>A valley of considerable size, through which a river runs; a
valley bottom; -- often used in composition with the name of the
river; as, <i>Strath</i> Spey, <i>Strath</i>don,
<i>Strath</i>more.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The long green <i>strath</i> of Napa
valley.</blockquote> <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strath"spey`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the
district of <i>Strath Spey</i> in Scotland.] <def>A lively Scottish
dance, resembling the reel, but slower; also, the tune.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. Fr.
<i>stratum</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Characterized by the presence of
thin parallel strata, or layers, as in an agate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stratification</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
laying in strata, or the state of being laid in the form of strata, or
layers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The deposition of
material in successive layers in the growth of a cell wall, thus
giving rise to a stratified appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having its
substance arranged in strata, or layers; as, <i>stratified</i>
rock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
form of strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strat"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stratified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stratifying</u> (?).] [<i>Stratum</i> + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F.
<i>stratifier</i>.] <def>To form or deposit in strata, or layers, as
substances in the earth; to arrange in strata.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Strat`i*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Strat`i*graph"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or depended
upon, the order or arrangement of strata; as, <i>stratigraphical</i>
evidence.</def> -- <wf>Strat`i*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Strat`i*graph"ic</hw>, <hw>-ic*al</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>See
<u>Stratographic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*tig"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stratum</i>
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>That branch of geology which treats of the
arrangement and succession of strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*toc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an army
+ <i>-cracy</i>, as in demo<i>cracy</i>: cf. F. <i>stratocratie</i>.]
<def>A military government; government by military chiefs and an
army.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Strat`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Strat`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
stratography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an army
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of an army, or of what belongs
to an army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an army.]
<def>Of or pertaining to an army.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stra*tot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Warlike;
military.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stra"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Stratums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Strata</b></plw> (#). The
latter is more common. [L., from <i>sternere</i>, <i>stratum</i>, to
spread; akin to Gr. &?; to spread, strew. See <u>Strew</u>, and cf.
<u>Consternation</u>, <u>Estrade</u>, <u>Prostrate</u>,
<u>Stratus</u>, <u>Street</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A bed of earth or rock of one kind, formed by natural causes, and
consisting usually of a series of layers, which form a rock as it lies
between beds of other kinds. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bed or layer artificially made; a
course.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stratus</i> a
spreading out, scattering, from <i>sternere</i>, <i>stratum</i>, to
spread.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A form of clouds in which they are
arranged in a horizontal band or layer. See <u>Cloud</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straught</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Stretch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straught</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stretch; to make
straight.</def> [Written also <i>straucht</i>.] [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spread or
scatter. See <u>Strew</u>, and <u>Strow</u>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Straw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>straw</i>,
<i>stre</i>, <i>stree</i>, AS. <i>stre&aacute;w</i>, from the root of
E. <i>strew</i>; akin to OFries. <i>str&emacr;</i>, D. <i>stroo</i>,
G. <i>stroh</i>, OHG. <i>str&omacr;</i>, Icel. <i>str&amacr;</i>, Dan.
<i>straa</i>, Sw. <i>str&aring;</i>. &radic;166. See <u>Strew</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stalk or stem of certain species of grain,
pulse, etc., especially of wheat, rye, oats, barley, more rarely of
buckwheat, beans, and pease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The gathered and thrashed stalks of certain
species of grain, etc.; as, a bundle, or a load, of rye
<i>straw</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything proverbially worthless; the least
possible thing; a mere trifle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I set not a <i>straw</i> by thy dreamings.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Straw</i> is often used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>straw</i>-built, <i>straw</i>-crowned,
<i>straw</i>-roofed, <i>straw</i>-stuffed, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Man of straw</b></col>, <cd>an effigy formed by stuffing
the garments of a man with straw; hence, a fictitious person; an
irresponsible person; a puppet.</cd> -- <col><b>Straw bail</b></col>,
<cd>worthless bail, as being given by irresponsible persons.</cd>
[Colloq. U.S.] -- <col><b>Straw bid</b></col>, <cd>a worthless bid; a
bid for a contract which the bidder is unable or unwilling to
fulfill.</cd> [Colloq. U.S.] -- <col><b>Straw cat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the pampas cat.</cd> -- <col><b>Straw
color</b></col>, <cd>the color of dry straw, being a delicate
yellow.</cd> -- <col><b>Straw drain</b></col>, <cd>a drain filled with
straw.</cd> -- <col><b>Straw plait</b></col>, or <col><b>Straw
plat</b></col>, <cd>a strip formed by plaiting straws, used for making
hats, bonnets, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To be in the straw</b></col>,
<cd>to be brought to bed, as a pregnant woman.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Straw"ber*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>stre&aacute;wberige</i>; <i>stre&aacute;w</i> straw + <i>berie</i>
berry; perhaps from the resemblance of the runners of the plant to
straws.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A fragrant edible berry, of a delicious
taste and commonly of a red color, the fruit of a plant of the genus
<i>Fragaria</i>, of which there are many varieties. Also, the plant
bearing the fruit. The common American strawberry is <i>Fragaria
virginiana</i>; the European, <i>F. vesca</i>. There are also other
less common species.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Strawberry bass</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Calico bass</i>, under <u>Calico</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry
blite</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Blite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Strawberry borer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of insects whose larv&aelig; burrow in the crown or
roots of the strawberry vine.</cd> Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The root borer (<i>Anarsia lineatella</i>), a very small dark gray
moth whose larv&aelig; burrow both in the larger roots and crown,
often doing great damage.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The crown borer
(<i>Tyloderma fragari&aelig;</i>), a small brown weevil whose larva
burrows in the crown and kills the plant.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry
bush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American shrub (<i>Euonymus
Americanus</i>), a kind of spindle tree having crimson pods and the
seeds covered with a scarlet aril.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry
crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small European spider crab
(<i>Eurynome aspera</i>); -- so called because the back is covered
with pink tubercles.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the amadavat.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry
geranium</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of saxifrage
(<i>Saxifraga sarmentosa</i>) having reniform leaves, and producing
long runners like those of the strawberry.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry
leaf</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The leaf of the
strawberry</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The symbol of the rank or
estate of a duke, because the ducal coronet is twined with strawberry
leaves</cd>. "The <i>strawberry leaves</i> on her chariot panels are
engraved on her ladyship's heart." <i>Thackeray.</i> --
<col><b>Strawberry-leaf roller</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
one of several species of moths whose larv&aelig; roll up, and feed
upon, the leaves of the strawberry vine; especially, <i>Phoxopteris
fragari&aelig;</i>, and <i>Eccopsis permundana</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Strawberry moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of moth whose larv&aelig; feed on the strawberry
vines</cd>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The smeared dagger (<i>Apatela
oblinita</i>), whose large hairy larva is velvety black with two rows
of bright yellow spots on each side.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
geometrid (<i>Angerona crocataria</i>) which is yellow with dusky
spots on the wings. Called also <i>currant moth</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Strawberry pear</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the red ovoid
fruit of a West Indian plant of the genus Cereus (<i>C.
triangularia</i>). It has a sweetish flavor, and is slightly acid,
pleasant, and cooling. Also, the plant bearing the fruit.</cd> --
<col><b>Strawberry sawfly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
black sawfly (<i>Emphytus maculatus</i>) whose larva eats the leaves
of the strawberry vine.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry tomato</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Alkekengi</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry
tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Arbutus</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Strawberry vine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the plant which
yields the strawberry.</cd> -- <col><b>Strawberry worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of any moth which feeds on the
strawberry vine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Straw"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Pasteboard
made of pulp of straw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straw"-col`ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being of a
straw color. See <i>Straw color</i>, under <u>Straw</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Straw"-cut`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
instrument to cut straw for fodder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strawed</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Straw</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Straw"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A caddice
worm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Straw"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
straw; made of, or resembling, straw.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stray</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Straying</u>.] [OF. <i>estraier</i>, <i>estraer</i>, to stray, or
as adj., stray, fr. (assumed) L. <i>stratarius</i> roving the streets,
fr. L. <i>strata</i> (sc. <i>via</i>) a paved road. See <u>Street</u>,
and <u>Stray</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
wander, as from a direct course; to deviate, or go out of the
way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thames among the wanton valleys
<i>strays</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wander from company, or from the proper
limits; to rove at large; to roam; to go astray.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, until the break of day,<BR>
Through this house each fairy <i>stray</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sheep doth very often <i>stray</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively, to wander from the path of
duty or rectitude; to err.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have erred and <i>strayed</i> from thy
ways.</blockquote> <i>&?;&?;&?; of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While meaner things, whom instinct leads,<BR>
Are rarely known to <i>stray</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To deviate; err; swerve; rove; roam; wander.</p>

<p><hw>Stray</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
stray.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stray</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>estrai&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>estraier</i>. See <u>Stray</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Astray</u>, <u>Estray</u>.]
<def>Having gone astray; strayed; wandering; as, a <i>stray</i>horse
or sheep.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stray line</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>that portion of
the log line which is veered from the reel to allow the chip to get
clear of the stern eddies before the glass is turned.</cd> --
<col><b>Stray mark</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the mark indicating
the end of the stray line.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any
domestic animal that has an inclosure, or its proper place and
company, and wanders at large, or is lost; an estray.  Used also
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seeing him wander about, I took him up for a
<i>stray</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of wandering or going astray.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1424 !></p>

<p><hw>Stray"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strays; a
wanderer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Straw.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Streak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Stretch</u>,
<u>Streek</u>.] <def>To stretch; to extend; hence, to lay out, as a
dead body.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Streak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>streke</i>; akin to
D. <i>streek</i> a line, stroke, G. <i>strich</i>, AS. <i>strica</i>,
Sw. <i>strek</i>, Dan. <i>streg</i>, Goth. <i>stricks</i>, and E.
<i>strike</i>, <i>stroke</i>. See <u>Strike</u>, <u>Stroke</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Strake</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A line or long mark of a different color from the ground; a
stripe; a vein.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What mean those colored <i>streaks</i> in
heaven?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A strake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The fine powder or mark
yielded by a mineral when scratched or rubbed against a harder
surface, the color of which is sometimes a distinguishing
character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The rung or round of a ladder.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Streak</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Streaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Streaking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form streaks or stripes
in or on; to stripe; to variegate with lines of a different color, or
of different colors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mule . . . <i>streaked</i> and dappled with white and
black.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>streaked</i> and glowing with the morning
red.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With <i>it</i> as an object: To run
swiftly.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Streaked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Marked or variegated with stripes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uncomfortable; out of sorts.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Streak"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Streaked</u>, 1.</def> "The <i>streaky</i> west."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stream</hw> (str&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>stre&aacute;m</i>; akin to OFries. <i>str&amacr;m</i>, OS.
<i>str&omacr;m</i>, D. <i>stroom</i>, G. <i>strom</i>, OHG.
<i>stroum</i>, <i>str&umacr;m</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>str&ouml;m</i>, Icel.
<i>straumr</i>, Ir. <i>sroth</i>, Lith. <i>srove</i>, Russ.
<i>struia</i>, Gr. <grk>"ry`sis</grk> a flowing, <grk>"rei^n</grk> to
flow, Skr. <i>sru</i>. &radic;174.  Cf. <u>Catarrh</u>,
<u>Diarrhea</u>, <u>Rheum</u>, <u>Rhythm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A current of water or other fluid; a liquid flowing continuously
in a line or course, either on the earth, as a river, brook, etc., or
from a vessel, reservoir, or fountain; specifically, any course of
running water; as, many <i>streams</i> are blended in the Mississippi;
gas and steam came from the earth in <i>streams</i>; a <i>stream</i>
of molten lead from a furnace; a <i>stream</i> of lava from a
volcano.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A beam or ray of light.</def> "Sun
<i>streams</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything issuing or moving with continued
succession of parts; as, a <i>stream</i> of words; a <i>stream</i> of
sand.</def> "The <i>stream</i> of beneficence." <i>Atterbury.</i> "The
<i>stream</i> of emigration." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A continued current or course; as, a
<i>stream</i> of weather.</def> "The very <i>stream</i> of his life."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Current; drift; tendency; series of tending
or moving causes; as, the <i>stream</i> of opinions or
manners.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gulf stream</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Gulf</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stream anchor</b></col>, <col><b>Stream cable</b></col>.
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Anchor</u>, and <u>Cable</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Stream ice</b></col>, <cd>blocks of ice floating in a mass
together in some definite direction.</cd> -- <col><b>Stream
tin</b></col>, <cd>particles or masses of tin ore found in alluvial
ground; -- so called because a <i>stream</i> of water is the principal
agent used in separating the ore from the sand and gravel.</cd> --
<col><b>Stream works</b></col> <i>(Cornish Mining)</i>, <cd>a place
where an alluvial deposit of tin ore is worked.</cd> <i>Ure.</i> --
<col><b>To float with the stream</b></col>, <cd>figuratively, to drift
with the current of opinion, custom, etc., so as not to oppose or
check it.</cd>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Current; flow; rush; tide; course.  --
<u>Stream</u>, <u>Current</u>. These words are often properly
interchangeable; but <i>stream</i> is the broader word, denoting a
prevailing onward course. The <i>stream</i> of the Mississippi rolls
steadily on to the Gulf of Mexico, but there are reflex
<i>currents</i> in it which run for a while in a contrary
direction.</p>

<p><hw>Stream</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Streamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Streaming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To issue or flow in a
stream; to flow freely or in a current, as a fluid or whatever is
likened to fluids; as, tears <i>streamed</i> from her eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beneath those banks where rivers
<i>stream</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pour out, or emit, a stream or
streams.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand suns will <i>stream</i> on
thee.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To issue in a stream of light; to
radiate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To extend; to stretch out with a wavy
motion; to float in the wind; as, a flag <i>streams</i> in the
wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To send forth in a
current or stream; to cause to flow; to pour; as, his eyes
<i>streamed</i> tears.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It may so please that she at length will
<i>stream</i><BR>
Some dew of grace into my withered heart.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark with colors or embroidery in long
tracts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The herald's mantle is <i>streamed</i> with
gold.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unfurl.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stream the buoy</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Buoy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stream"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An ensign, flag, or pennant, which floats in the wind;
specifically, a long, narrow, ribbonlike flag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brave Rupert from afar appears,<BR>
Whose waving <i>streamers</i> the glad general knows.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stream or column of light shooting upward
from the horizon, constituting one of the forms of the aurora
borealis.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While overhead the North's dumb <i>streamers</i>
shoot.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A searcher for stream
tin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
streams, or in water.</def> "The <i>streamful</i> tide."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stream"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being streamy; a trailing.</def>  <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stream"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sending forth
streams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or operation of that which streams; the act of that which
sends forth, or which runs in, streams.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The reduction of stream
tin; also, the search for stream tin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
streams, or of a stream, as a region of country, or a dry
channel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small stream;
a rivulet; a rill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with streams, or with running water;
streamful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arcadia<BR>
However <i>streamy</i> now, adust and dry,<BR>
Denied the goddess water.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a stream; issuing in a
stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His nodding helm emits a <i>streamy</i>
ray.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stree</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Straw.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Streek</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stretch; also,
to lay out, as a dead body. See <u>Streak</u>.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Streel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Stroll</u>.]
<def>To trail along; to saunter or be drawn along, carelessly, swaying
in a kind of zigzag motion.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Streen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Strene</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Street</hw> (str&emacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>strete</i>, AS. <i>str&aemacr;t</i>, fr. L. <i>strata</i> (sc.
<i>via</i>) a paved way, properly fem. p. p. of <i>sternere</i>,
<i>stratum</i>, to spread; akin to E. <i>strew</i>. See <u>Strew</u>,
and cf. <u>Stratum</u>, <u>Stray</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Originally, a paved way or road; a public
highway; now commonly, a thoroughfare in a city or village, bordered
by dwellings or business houses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He removed [the body of] Amasa from the <i>street</i>
unto the field.</blockquote> <i>Coverdale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At home or through the high <i>street</i>
passing.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In an extended sense, <i>street</i> designates besides the
roadway, the walks, houses, shops, etc., which border the
thoroughfare.</p>

<p><blockquote>His deserted mansion in Duke
<i>Street</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The street</b></col> <i>(Broker's Cant)</i>, <cd>that
thoroughfare of a city where the leading bankers and brokers do
business; also, figuratively, those who do business there; as, <i>the
street</i> would not take the bonds.</cd> -- <col><b>Street
Arab</b></col>, <col><b>Street broker</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under
<u>Arab</u>, <u>Broker</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Street
door</b></col>, <cd>a door which opens upon a street, or is nearest
the street.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Way</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Street"walk`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A common
prostitute who walks the streets to find customers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Street"ward`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An officer, or
ward, having the care of the streets.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Street"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Facing toward
the street.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their little <i>streetward</i> sitting
room.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Streight</hw> (?), <pos><i>a., n., &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>See
2nd <u>Strait</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Streight"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Straiten</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strein</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To strain.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Streit</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Stretch</u>.]
<def>Drawn.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pyrrhus with his <i>streite</i> sword.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Streit</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Close; narrow;
strict.</def> [Obs.] See <u>Strait</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Streite</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Narrowly; strictly;
straitly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strel"itz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>strieli&eacute;ts'</i> a shooter, archer.] <def>A soldier of the
ancient Muscovite guard or Russian standing army; also, the guard
itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stre*litz"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., named
after Charlotte, Princess of Mecklenburg-<i>Strelitz</i>, and queen of
George III of Great Britain.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants
related to the banana, found at the Cape of Good Hope. They have rigid
glaucous distichous leaves, and peculiar richly colored
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stren</i>,
<i>streen</i>, <i>streon</i>, AS. ge<i>stri&eacute;nan</i>,
ge<i>str&?;nan</i>, ge<i>stre&oacute;nan</i>, to beget, to obtain,
ge<i>stre&oacute;n</i> gain, wealth; akin to OHG. <i>striunan</i> to
gain.  Cf. <u>Strian</u> race, family.] <def>Race; offspring; stock;
breed; strain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stren"ger</hw> (?), <hw>Stren"gest</hw> (?) }, <def>the
original <pos><i>compar.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of
<u>Strong</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Two of us shall <i>strenger</i> be than
one.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strength</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>strengthe</i>,
AS. <i>streng&eth;u</i>, fr. <i>strang</i> strong. See <u>Strong</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being strong; ability
to do or to bear; capacity for exertion or endurance, whether
physical, intellectual, or moral; force; vigor; power; as,
<i>strength</i> of body or of the arm; <i>strength</i> of mind, of
memory, or of judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All his [Samson's] <i>strength</i> in his hairs
were.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou must outlive<BR>
Thy youth, thy <i>strength</i>, thy beauty.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power to resist force; solidity or
toughness; the quality of bodies by which they endure the application
of force without breaking or yielding; -- in this sense opposed to
<i>frangibility</i>; as, the <i>strength</i> of a bone, of a beam, of
a wall, a rope, and the like.</def> "The brittle <i>strength</i> of
bones."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Power of resisting attacks;
impregnability.</def> "Our castle's <i>strength</i> will laugh a siege
to scorn."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That quality which tends to secure results;
effective power in an institution or enactment; security; validity;
legal or moral force; logical conclusiveness; as, the <i>strength</i>
of social or legal obligations; the <i>strength</i> of law; the
<i>strength</i> of public opinion; <i>strength</i> of evidence;
<i>strength</i> of argument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, is regarded as
embodying or affording force, strength, or firmness; that on which
confidence or reliance is based; support; security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God is our refuge and <i>strength</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xlvi. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What they boded would be a mischief to us, you are
providing shall be one of our principal <i>strengths</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Certainly there is not a greater <i>strength</i>
against temptation.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Force as measured; amount, numbers, or
power of any body, as of an army, a navy, and the like; as, what is
the <i>strength</i> of the enemy by land, or by sea?</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Vigor or style; force of expression;
nervous diction; -- said of literary work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And praise the easy vigor of a life<BR>
Where Denham's <i>strength</i> and Waller's sweetness
join.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Intensity; -- said of light or
color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bright Ph&oelig;bus in his
<i>strength</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Intensity or degree of the distinguishing
and essential element; spirit; virtue; excellence; -- said of liquors,
solutions, etc.; as, the <i>strength</i> of wine or of
acids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A strong place; a stronghold.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On</b></col>, or <col><b>Upon</b></col>, <col><b>the
strength of</b></col>, <cd>in reliance upon.</cd> "The allies, after a
successful summer, are too apt, <i>upon the strength of</i> it, to
neglect their preparations for the ensuing campaign."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Force; robustness; toughness; hardness; stoutness;
brawniness; lustiness; firmness; puissance; support; spirit; validity;
authority. See <u>Force</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Strength</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
strengthen.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strength"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Strengthened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Strengthening</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
strong or stronger; to add strength to; as, to <i>strengthen</i> a
limb, a bridge, an army; to <i>strengthen</i> an obligation; to
<i>strengthen</i> authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let noble Warwick, Cobham, and the rest, . . . <BR>
With powerful policy <i>strengthen</i> themselves.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To animate; to encourage; to fix in
resolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Charge Joshua, and encourage him, and <i>strengthen</i>
him.</blockquote> <i>Deut. iii. 28.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To invigorate; confirm; establish; fortify; animate;
encourage.</p>

<p><hw>Strength"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow
strong or stronger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The young disease, that must subdue at length,<BR>
Grows with his growth, and <i>strengthens</i> with his
strength.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strength"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, gives or adds strength.</def>  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strength"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That
strengthens; giving or increasing strength.</def> --
<wf>Strength"en*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Strengthening plaster</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
plaster containing iron, and supposed to have tonic effects.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strength"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
strength; full of strength; strong.</def> --
<wf>Strength"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Florence my friend, in court my faction<BR>
Not meanly <i>strengthful</i>.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strength"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stronghold.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strength"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
strength.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strength"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Strengthener</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strength"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having strength;
strong.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stre*nu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>strenuatis</i>.] <def>Strenuousness; activity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stren"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>strenuus</i>;
cf. Gr. &?; strong, hard, rough, harsh.] <def>Eagerly pressing or
urgent; zealous; ardent; earnest; bold; valiant; intrepid; as, a
<i>strenuous</i> advocate for national rights; a <i>strenuous</i>
reformer; a <i>strenuous</i> defender of his country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And spirit-stirring wine, that <i>strenuous</i>
makes.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Strenuous</i>, continuous labor is
pain.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Stren"u*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Stren"u*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Strep"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>strepens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>strepere</i> to make a noise.] <def>Noisy; loud.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strep"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>streperus</i>, fr. L. <i>strepere</i>. See <u>Strepent</u>, and cf.
<u>Obstreperous</u>.] <def>Loud; boisterous.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Strep`i*to"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>strepitus</i> clamor.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
birds, including the clamatorial and picarian birds, which do not have
well developed singing organs.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Strep*sip"ter</hw> (?), <hw>Strep*sip"ter*an</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Strepsiptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strep*sip"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a turning (fr. &?; to twist) + &?; a wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of small insects having the anterior
wings rudimentary, and in the form of short and slender twisted
appendages, while the posterior ones are large and membranous. They
are parasitic in the larval state on bees, wasps, and the like; --
called also <i>Rhipiptera</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Rhipipter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strep*sip"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Strepsiptera</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
Strepsiptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strep`so*rhi"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a turning + &?;, &?;, the nose.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Lemuroidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strep"so*rhine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having twisted nostrils; -- said of the
lemurs.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the Strepsorhina; a lemur. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Monkey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strep`to*bac*te"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
sing. <singw><b>Streptobracterium</b></singw> (&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
pliant, bent + E. &amp; NL. <i>bacteria</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A so-
called variety of bacterium, consisting in reality of several bacteria
linked together in the form of a chain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strep`to*coc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Streptococci</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; pliant, curved +
&?; a grain, seed.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A long or short chain of
micrococci, more or less curved.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strep`to*neu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; curved + &?; a sinew.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive
division of gastropod Mollusca in which the loop or visceral nerves is
twisted, and the sexes separate. It is nearly to equivalent to
Prosobranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strep"to*thrix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; pliant, bent + &?; a hair.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A genus of bacilli
occurring of the form of long, smooth and apparently branched threads,
either straight or twisted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>distress</i>; or cf. OF. <i>estrecier</i> to press, pinch,
(assumed) LL. <i>strictiare</i>, fr. L. <i>strictus</i>. See
<u>Distress</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Distress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sad hersal of his heavy <i>stress</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pressure, strain; -- used chiefly of
immaterial things; except in mechanics; hence, urgency; importance;
weight; significance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The faculties of the mind are improved by exercise, yet
they must not be put to a <i>stress</i> beyond their
strength.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A body may as well lay too little as too much
<i>stress</i> upon a dream.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech. &amp; Physics)</i> <def>The force, or
combination of forces, which produces a strain; force exerted in any
direction or manner between contiguous bodies, or parts of bodies, and
taking specific names according to its direction, or mode of action,
as <i>thrust</i> or <i>pressure</i>, <i>pull</i> or <i>tension</i>,
<i>shear</i> or <i>tangential stress</i>.</def>  <i>Rankine.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stress</i> is the mutual action between portions of
matter.</blockquote> <i>Clerk Maxwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Pron.)</i> <def>Force of utterance expended
upon words or syllables. Stress is in English the chief element in
accent and is one of the most important in emphasis. See <i>Guide to
pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 31-35.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>Distress; the act of
distraining; also, the thing distrained.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stress of voice</b></col>, <cd>unusual exertion of the
voice.</cd> -- <col><b>Stress of weather</b></col>, <cd>constraint
imposed by continued bad weather; as, to be driven back to port by
<i>stress of weather</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay stress
upon</b></col>, <cd>to attach great importance to; to emphasize.</cd>
"Consider how great a <i>stress</i> is <i>laid upon</i> this duty."
<i>Atterbury.</i> -- <col><b>To put stress upon</b></col>, or
<col><b>To put to a stress</b></col>, <cd>to strain.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1425 !></p>

<p><hw>Stress</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To press; to urge; to distress; to put to difficulties.</def>
[R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subject to stress, pressure, or
strain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stress"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having much
stress.</def>  <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stretch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stretched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stretching</u>.] [OE. <i>strecchen</i>, AS. <i>streccan</i>; akin
to D. <i>strekken</i>, G. <i>strecken</i>, OHG. <i>strecchen</i>, Sw.
<i>str&auml;cka</i>, Dan. <i>str&aelig;kke</i>; cf. AS.
<i>str&aelig;ck</i>, <i>strec</i>, strong, violent, G. <i>strack</i>
straight; of uncertain origin, perhaps akin to E. <i>strong</i>.  Cf.
<u>Straight</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reach out; to extend; to
put forth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>stretch</i> forth his neck long and
small.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I in conquest <i>stretched</i> mine arm.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw out to the full length; to cause to
extend in a straight line; as, to <i>stretch</i> a cord or
rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to extend in breadth; to spread;
to expand; as, to <i>stretch</i> cloth; to <i>stretch</i> the
wings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make tense; to tighten; to distend
forcibly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ox hath therefore <i>stretched</i> his yoke in
vain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To draw or pull out to greater length; to
strain; as, to <i>stretch</i> a tendon or muscle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Awake, my soul, <i>stretch</i> every
nerve.</blockquote> <i>Doddridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To exaggerate; to extend too far; as, to
<i>stretch</i> the truth; to <i>stretch</i> one's credit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They take up, one day, the most violent and
<i>stretched</i> prerogative.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stretch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be extended; to be drawn out in length or in breadth, or both;
to spread; to reach; as, the iron road <i>stretches</i> across the
continent; the lake <i>stretches</i> over fifty square
miles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As far as <i>stretcheth</i> any ground.</blockquote>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To extend or spread one's self, or one's
limbs; as, the lazy man yawns and <i>stretches</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be extended, or to bear extension,
without breaking, as elastic or ductile substances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inner membrane . . . because it would
<i>stretch</i> and yield, remained umbroken.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To strain the truth; to exaggerate; as, a
man apt to <i>stretch</i> in his report of facts.</def> [Obs. or
Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To sail by the wind under
press of canvas; as, the ship <i>stretched</i> to the eastward.</def>
<i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stretch out</b></col>, <cd>an order to rowers to extend
themselves forward in dipping the oar.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stretch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act
of stretching, or state of being stretched; reach; effort; struggle;
strain; as, a <i>stretch</i> of the limbs; a <i>stretch</i> of the
imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By <i>stretch</i> of arms the distant shore to
gain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those put a lawful authority upon the <i>stretch</i>,
to the abuse of yower, under the color of prerogative.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A continuous line or surface; a continuous
space of time; as, grassy <i>stretches</i> of land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A great <i>stretch</i> of cultivated
country.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But all of them left me a week at a
<i>stretch</i>.</blockquote> <i>E. Eggleston.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The extent to which anything may be
stretched.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quotations, in their utmost <i>stretch</i>, can signify
no more than that Luther lay under severe agonies of
mind.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the utmost <i>stretch</i> that nature
can.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The reach or extent of a
vessel's progress on one tack; a tack or board.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Course; direction; as, the <i>stretch</i>
of seams of coal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be on the stretch</b></col>, <cd>to be obliged to use
one's utmost powers.</cd> -- <col><b>Home stretch</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Home</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Stretch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, stretches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>A brick or stone laid with
its longer dimension in the line of direction of the wall.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A piece of timber used in
building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A narrow
crosspiece of the bottom of a boat against which a rower braces his
feet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A crosspiece placed between the
sides of a boat to keep them apart when hoisted up and griped.</def>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A litter, or frame, for carrying disabled,
wounded, or dead persons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An overstretching of the truth; a
lie.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>One of the rods in an umbrella, attached at
one end to one of the ribs, and at the other to the tube sliding upon
the handle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for stretching boots or
gloves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The frame upon which canvas is stretched
for a painting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stretch"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Stretch</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Stretching course</b></col> <i>(Masonry)</i>, <cd>a course
or series of stretchers. See <u>Stretcher</u>, 2.</cd>
<i>Britton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Stret"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., close or
contacted, pressed.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
crowding of answer upon subject near the end of a fugue.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In an opera or oratorio, a coda, or winding
up, in an accelerated time.</def> [Written also <i>stretta</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Strew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>strewn</u>
(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Strewing</u>.] [OE.
<i>strewen</i>, <i>strawen</i>, AS. <i>strewian</i>,
<i>stre&oacute;wian</i>; akin to Ofries. <i>strewa</i>, OS.
<i>strewian</i>, D. <i>strooijen</i>, G. <i>streuen</i>, OHG.
<i>strewen</i>, Icel. <i>str&amacr;</i>, Sw. <i>str&ouml;</i>, Dan.
<i>str&ouml;e</i>, Goth. <i>straujan</i>, L. <i>sternere</i>,
<i>stratum</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, Skr. <i>st&?;</i>. &radic;166.  Cf.
<u>Stratum</u>, <u>Straw</u>, <u>Street</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To scatter; to spread by scattering; to cast or to throw loosely
apart; -- used of solids, separated or separable into parts or
particles; as, to <i>strew</i> seed in beds; to <i>strew</i> sand on
or over a floor; to <i>strew</i> flowers over a grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>strewed</i> his mangled limbs about the
field.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On a principal table a desk was open and many papers
[were] <i>strewn</i> about.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover more or less thickly by scattering
something over or upon; to cover, or lie upon, by having been
scattered; as, they <i>strewed</i> the ground with leaves; leaves
<i>strewed</i> the ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The snow which does the top of Pindus
<i>strew</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is thine alone the seed that <i>strews</i> the
plain?</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spread abroad; to disseminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She may <i>strew</i> dangerous
conjectures.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strew"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of scattering or spreading.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that is, or may be, strewed; --
used chiefly in the plural.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strew"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything
scattered, as flowers for decoration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strewn</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Strew</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stri"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stri&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a furrow, channel, hollow.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A minute groove, or channel; a threadlike
line, as of color; a narrow structural band or line; a striation; as,
the <i>stri&aelig;</i>, or groovings, produced on a rock by a glacier
passing over it; the <i>stri&aelig;</i> on the surface of a shell; a
<i>stria</i> of nervous matter in the brain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A fillet between the flutes
of columns, pilasters, or the like.</def>  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stri"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Striated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Striating</u>.] [See <u>Striate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To
mark with stria&aelig;.</def> "<i>Striated</i> longitudinally."
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stri"ate</hw> (?), <hw>Stri"a*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>striatus</i>, p. p. of <i>striare</i> to
furnish with channels, from <i>stria</i> a channel.] <def>Marked with
stria&aelig;, or fine grooves, or lines of color; showing narrow
structural bands or lines; as, a <i>striated</i> crystal;
<i>striated</i> muscular fiber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or condition of being striated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stria; as, the <i>striations</i> on a
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stri*a"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The corpus striatum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stri"a*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>striatura</i>.] <def>A stria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>strix</i>,
<i>strigs</i>, a streech owl.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An owl.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bunch of hackled flax
prepared for drawing into slivers.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strick"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p. &amp; a.</i></pos> from
<u>Strike</u>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Struck; smitten; wounded; as,
the <i>stricken</i> deer.</def> [See <u>Strike</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worn out; far gone; advanced. See
<u>Strike</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 21.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abraham was old and well <i>stricken</i> in
age.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxiv. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Whole; entire; -- said of the hour as
marked by the striking of a clock.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He persevered for a <i>stricken</i> hour in such a
torrent of unnecessary tattle.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Speeches are spoken by the <i>stricken</i> hour, day
after day, week, perhaps, after week.</blockquote> <i>Bayne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stric"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Strike</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument to strike grain to a level with
the measure; a strike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for whetting scythes; a
rifle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>An instrument used for
smoothing the surface of a core.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Carp. &amp; Mason.)</i> <def>A templet; a
pattern.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An instrument used in dressing flax.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stric"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Strickle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strick"less</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Strickle</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Strict</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stricter</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Strictest</u>.] [L. <i>strictus</i>, p.
p. of <i>stringere</i> to draw or bind tight, to strain. See
<u>Strain</u>, and cf. <u>Strait</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Strained; drawn close; tight; as, a
<i>strict</i> embrace; a <i>strict</i> ligature.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tense; not relaxed; as, a <i>strict</i>
fiber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exact; accurate; precise; rigorously nice;
as, to keep <i>strict</i> watch; to pay <i>strict</i> attention.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It shall be still in <i>strictest</i>
measure.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Governed or governing by exact rules;
observing exact rules; severe; rigorous; as, very <i>strict</i> in
observing the Sabbath.</def> "Through the <i>strict</i> senteries."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Rigidly; interpreted; exactly limited;
confined; restricted; as, to understand words in a <i>strict</i>
sense.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Upright, or straight and
narrow; -- said of the shape of the plants or their flower
clusters.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Exact; accurate; nice; close; rigorous; severe.  --
<u>Strict</u>, <u>Severe</u>. <i>Strict</i>, applied to a person,
denotes that he conforms in his motives and acts to a principle or
code by which he is bound; <i>severe</i> is strict with an implication
often, but not always, of harshness. <i>Strict</i> is opposed to
<i>lax</i>; <i>severe</i> is opposed to <i>gentle</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>And rules as <i>strict</i> his labored work
confine,<BR>
As if the Stagirite o'erlooked each line.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Soon moved with touch of blame, thus Eve: -<BR>
"What words have passed thy lips, Adam <i>severe</i>!"</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The Strict Observance</b></col>, or <col><b>Friars of the
Strict Observance</b></col>. <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Observance</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stric"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>strictio</i>.
See <u>Stringent</u>.] <def>The act of constricting, or the state of
being constricted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Line of striction</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>the line on
a skew surface that cuts each generator in that point of it that is
nearest to the succeeding generator.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strict"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a strict manner;
closely; precisely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strict"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being strict.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stric"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>strictura</i>
a contraction, from <i>stringere</i>, <i>strictum</i>, to draw tight:
cf. F. <i>stricture</i>. See <u>Strict</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Strictness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man of <i>stricture</i> and firm
abstinence.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stroke; a glance; a touch.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A touch of adverse criticism;
censure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I have] given myself the liberty of these
<i>strictures</i> by way of reflection on all and every
passage.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A localized morbid
contraction of any passage of the body.  Cf. <i>Organic stricture</i>,
and <i>Spasmodic stricture</i>, under <u>Organic</u>, and
<u>Spasmodic</u>.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stric"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Affected with a stricture; as, a <i>strictured</i>
duct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stride</u>.]
<def>A narrow passage between precipitous rocks or banks, which looks
as if it might be crossed at a stride.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Howitt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This striding place is called the
<i>Strid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stride</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Strode</u> (?) (Obs. <u>Strid</u> (&?;));
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stridden</u> (?) (Obs. <u>Strid</u>);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Striding</u>.] [AS.
<i>str&imacr;dan</i> to stride, to strive; akin to LG. <i>striden</i>,
OFries. <i>str&imacr;da</i> to strive, D. <i>strijden</i> to strive,
to contend, G. <i>streiten</i>, OHG. <i>str&imacr;tan</i>; of
uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Straddle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
walk with long steps, especially in a measured or pompous
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mars in the middle of the shining shield<BR>
Is graved, and <i>strides</i> along the liquid field.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stand with the legs wide apart; to
straddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stride</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass over at a step; to step over.</def> "A debtor that not dares to
<i>stride</i> a limit."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To straddle; to bestride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I mean to <i>stride</i> your steed.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stride</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of stridding; a
long step; the space measured by a long step; as, a masculine
<i>stride</i>.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God never meant that man should scale the heavens<BR>
By <i>strides</i> of human wisdom.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stri"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stridens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>stridere</i> to make a grating or creaking
noise.] <def>Characterized by harshness; grating; shrill.</def> "A
<i>strident</i> voice."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Stri"dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>stridere</i> to make any harsh, grating, or creaking sound.] <def>A
harsh, shrill, or creaking noise.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strid"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Stridulous</u>.] <def>To make a shrill, creaking noise</def>;
specifically <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <def>to make a shrill or musical
sound, such as is made by the males of many insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strid`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
stridulating.</def> Specifically: <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of making shrill sounds or musical
notes by rubbing together certain hard parts, as is done by the males
of many insects, especially by Orthoptera, such as crickets,
grasshoppers, and locusts.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The noise
itself.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The crickets stridulate by rubbing together the strong
nervures of the fore wings. Many grasshoppers stridulate by rubbing
the hind legs across strong nervures on the fore wings. The green
grasshoppers and katydids stridulate by means of special organs at the
base of the fore wings.</p>

<p><hw>Strid"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>That
which stridulates.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strid"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Stridulous; able to stridulate; used in stridulating; adapted for
stridulation.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strid"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stridulus</i>. See <u>Strident</u>.] <def>Making a shrill, creaking
sound.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Sarmatian boor driving his <i>stridulous</i>
cart.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stridulous laryngitis</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a form
of croup, or laryngitis, in children, associated with dyspn&oelig;a,
occurring usually at night, and marked by crowing or stridulous
breathing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strife</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estrif</i>. See
<u>Strive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of striving; earnest
endeavor.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exertion or contention for superiority;
contest of emulation, either by intellectual or physical
efforts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Doting about questions and <i>strifes</i> of
words.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. vi. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus gods contended -- noble <i>strife</i> -<BR>
Who most should ease the wants of life.</blockquote>
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Altercation; violent contention; fight;
battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Twenty of them fought in this black
<i>strife</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These vows, thus granted, raised a <i>strife</i>
above<BR>
Betwixt the god of war and queen of love.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is contended against; occasion
of contest.</def> [Obs.] "Lamenting her unlucky <i>strife</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Contest; struggle; quarrel. See
<u>Contention</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Strife"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contentious;
discordant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ape was <i>strifeful</i> and
ambitious.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stri"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having transverse bands of color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stri"ges</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., pl. of
<i>strix</i> a streech owl; cf. Gr. &?; a screaming night bird.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The tribe of birds which comprises the
owls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strig"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>strigilis</i>,
from <i>stringere</i> to graze, scrape.] <i>(Gr. &amp; Rom. Antiq.)</i>
<def>An instrument of metal, ivory, etc., used for scraping the skin
at the bath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strig"il*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. fr.
<i>strigose</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Set with stiff, slender
bristles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stri"gine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to owls; owl-like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strig"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>strigmentum</i>.] <def>Scraping; that which is scraped off.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stri*gose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>strigueux</i>. See <u>Strigil</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Set with
stiff, straight bristles; hispid; as, a <i>strigose</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stri"gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Strigose.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><! p. 1426 !></p>

<p><hw>Strike</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Struck</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Struck</u>, <u>Stricken</u> (&?;) (<u>Stroock</u> (&?;),
<u>Strucken</u> (&?;), Obs.); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Striking</u>. <i>Struck</i> is more commonly used in the p. p. than
<i>stricken</i>.] [OE. <i>striken</i> to strike, proceed, flow, AS.
<i>str&imacr;can</i> to go, proceed, akin to D. <i>strijken</i> to
rub, stroke, strike, to move, go, G. <i>streichen</i>, OHG.
<i>str&imacr;hhan</i>, L. <i>stringere</i> to touch lightly, to graze,
to strip off (but perhaps not to L. <i>stringere</i> in sense to draw
tight), <i>striga</i> a row, a furrow.  Cf. <u>Streak</u>,
<u>Stroke</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To touch or hit with some
force, either with the hand or with an instrument; to smite; to give a
blow to, either with the hand or with any instrument or
missile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He at Philippi kept<BR>
His sword e'en like a dancer; while I <i>struck</i><BR>
The lean and wrinkled Cassius.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come in collision with; to strike
against; as, a bullet <i>struck</i> him; the wave <i>struck</i> the
boat amidships; the ship <i>struck</i> a reef.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give, as a blow; to impel, as with a
blow; to give a force to; to dash; to cast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall take of the blood, and <i>strike</i> it on
the two sideposts.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who would be free, themselves must <i>strike</i> the
blow.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stamp or impress with a stroke; to coin;
as, to <i>strike</i> coin from metal: to <i>strike</i> dollars at the
mint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To thrust in; to cause to enter or
penetrate; to set in the earth; as, a tree <i>strikes</i> its roots
deep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To punish; to afflict; to smite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To punish the just is not good, nor <i>strike</i>
princes for equity.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xvii. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To cause to sound by one or more beats; to
indicate or notify by audible strokes; as, the clock <i>strikes</i>
twelve; the drums <i>strike</i> up a march.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To lower; to let or take down; to remove;
as, to <i>strike</i> sail; to <i>strike</i> a flag or an ensign, as in
token of surrender; to <i>strike</i> a yard or a topmast in a gale; to
<i>strike</i> a tent; to <i>strike</i> the centering of an
arch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To make a sudden impression upon, as by a
blow; to affect sensibly with some strong emotion; as, to
<i>strike</i> the mind, with surprise; to <i>strike</i> one with
wonder, alarm, dread, or horror.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nice works of art <i>strike</i> and surprise us most on
the first view.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They please as beauties, here as wonders
<i>strike</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To affect in some particular manner by a
sudden impression or impulse; as, the plan proposed <i>strikes</i> me
favorably; to <i>strike</i> one dead or blind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How often has <i>stricken</i> you dumb with his
irony!</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To cause or produce by a stroke, or
suddenly, as by a stroke; as, to <i>strike</i> a light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Waving wide her myrtle wand,<BR>
She <i>strikes</i> a universal peace through sea and
land.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To cause to ignite; as, to <i>strike</i> a
match.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To make and ratify; as, to <i>strike</i> a
bargain.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Probably borrowed from the L. <i>f&oelig;dus ferrire</i>, to
<i>strike</i> a compact, so called because an animal was <i>struck</i>
and killed as a sacrifice on such occasions.</p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>To take forcibly or fraudulently; as, to
<i>strike</i> money.</def> [Old Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>To level, as a measure of grain, salt, or
the like, by scraping off with a straight instrument what is above the
level of the top.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To cut off, as a mortar
joint, even with the face of the wall, or inward at a slight
angle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>To hit upon, or light upon, suddenly; as,
my eye <i>struck</i> a strange word; they soon <i>struck</i> the
trail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <def>To borrow money of; to make a demand upon;
as, he <i>struck</i> a friend for five dollars.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <def>To lade into a cooler, as a liquor.</def>
<i>B. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>20.</b></sn> <def>To stroke or pass lightly; to
wave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, I thought, He will . . . <i>strike</i> his hand
over the place, and recover the leper.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings v.
11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>21.</b></sn> <def>To advance; to cause to go forward; --
used only in past participle.</def> "Well <i>struck</i> in years."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To strike an attitude</b></col>, <col><b>To strike a
balance</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Attitude</u>, and
<u>Balance</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike a jury</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to constitute a special jury ordered by a court, by
each party striking out a certain number of names from a prepared list
of jurors, so as to reduce it to the number of persons required by
law.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>To strike a lead</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mining)</i> <cd>To find a vein of ore.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Fig.: To find a way to fortune.</cd> [Colloq.]
-- <col><b>To strike</b></col> <col><b>a ledger, or an
account</b></col>, <cd>to balance it.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike hands
with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To shake hands with</cd>.
<i>Halliwell.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To make a compact or
agreement with; to agree with.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike
off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To erase from an account; to
deduct; as, <i>to strike off</i> the interest of a debt</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Print.)</i> <cd>To impress; to print; as,
<i>to strike off</i> a thousand copies of a book</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To separate by a blow or any sudden action;
as, <i>to strike off</i> what is superfluous or corrupt.</cd> --
<col><b>To strike oil</b></col>, <cd>to find petroleum when boring for
it; figuratively, to make a lucky hit financially.</cd> [Slang, U.S.]
-- <col><b>To strike one luck</b></col>, <cd>to shake hands with one
and wish good luck.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i> -- <col><b>To
strike out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To produce by collision;
to force out, as, <i>to strike out</i> sparks with steel.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To blot out; to efface; to erase</cd>. "To
methodize is as necessary as <i>to strike out</i>." <i>Pope.</i>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To form by a quick effort; to devise; to
invent; to contrive, as, <i>to strike out</i> a new plan of
finance.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Baseball)</i> <cd>To cause a
player to strike out; -- said of the pitcher. See <i>To strike
out</i>, under <u>Strike</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>To strike sail</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Sail</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To strike up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to
sound; to begin to beat</cd>. "<i>Strike up</i> the drums."
<i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To begin to sing or play; as,
<i>to strike up</i> a tune.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To raise (as
sheet metal), in making diahes, pans, etc., by blows or pressure in a
die.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike work</b></col>, <cd>to quit work; to go
on a strike.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strike</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move; to
advance; to proceed; to take a course; as, to <i>strike</i> into the
fields.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mouse . . . <i>struck</i> forth sternly
[bodily].</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deliver a quick blow or thrust; to give
blows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And fiercely took his trenchant blade in hand,<BR>
With which he <i>stroke</i> so furious and so fell.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Strike</i> now, or else the iron cools.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hit; to collide; to dush; to clash; as,
a hammer <i>strikes</i> against the bell of a clock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To sound by percussion, with blows, or as
with blows; to be struck; as, the clock <i>strikes</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A deep sound <i>strikes</i> like a rising
knell.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make an attack; to aim a blow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A puny subject <i>strikes</i><BR>
At thy great glory.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Struck</i> for throne, and <i>striking</i> found his
doom.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To touch; to act by appulse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hinder light but from <i>striking</i> on it [porphyry],
and its colors vanish.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To run upon a rock or bank; to be stranded;
as, the ship <i>struck</i> in the night.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To pass with a quick or strong effect; to
dart; to penetrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till a dart <i>strike</i> through his
liver.</blockquote> <i>Prov. vii. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now and then a glittering beam of wit or passion
<i>strikes</i> through the obscurity of the poem.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To break forth; to commence suddenly; --
with <i>into</i>; as, to <i>strike</i> into reputation; to
<i>strike</i> into a run.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To lower a flag, or colors, in token of
respect, or to signify a surrender of a ship to an enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That the English ships of war should not <i>strike</i>
in the Danish seas.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To quit work in order to compel an
increase, or prevent a reduction, of wages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To become attached to something; -- said
of the spat of oysters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To steal money.</def> [Old Slang, Eng.]
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To strike at</b></col>, <cd>to aim a blow at.</cd> --
<col><b>To strike for</b></col>, <cd>to start suddenly on a course
for.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike home</b></col>, <cd>to give a blow
which reaches its object, to strike with effect.</cd> -- <col><b>To
strike in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To enter suddenly</cd>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To disappear from the surface, with internal
effects, as an eruptive disease</cd>. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To come
in suddenly; to interpose; to interrupt</cd>. "I proposed the embassy
of Constantinople for Mr. Henshaw, but my Lord Winchelsea <i>struck
in</i>." <i>Evelyn.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To join in after
another has begun,as in singing.</cd> -- <col><b>To strike in
with</b></col>, <cd>to conform to; to suit itself to; to side with, to
join with at once.</cd> "To assert this is <i>to strike in with</i>
the known enemies of God's grace." <i>South.</i> -- <col><b>To strike
out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To start; to wander; to make a
sudden excursion; as, <i>to strike out</i> into an irregular course of
life.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To strike with full force</cd>.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Baseball)</i> <cd>To be put out for not
hitting the ball during one's turn at the bat.</cd> -- <col><b>To
strike up</b></col>, <cd>to commence to play as a musician; to begin
to sound, as an instrument.</cd>  "Whilst any trump did sound, or drum
<i>struck up</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of striking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument with a straight edge for
leveling a measure of grain, salt, and the like, scraping off what is
above the level of the top; a strickle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bushel; four pecks.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An old measure of four bushels.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fullness of measure; hence, excellence of
quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Three hogsheads of ale of the first
<i>strike</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An iron pale or standard in a gate or
fence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The act of quitting work; specifically,
such an act by a body of workmen, done as a means of enforcing
compliance with demands made on their employer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Strikes</i> are the insurrections of
labor.</blockquote> <i>F. A. Walker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Iron Working)</i> <def>A puddler's
stirrer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The horizontal direction of
the outcropping edges of tilted rocks; or, the direction of a
horizontal line supposed to be drawn on the surface of a tilted
stratum. It is at right angles to the dip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The extortion of money, or the attempt to
extort money, by threat of injury; blackmailing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Strike block</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a plane shorter
than a jointer, used for fitting a short joint.</cd> <i>Moxon.</i> --
<col><b>Strike of flax</b></col>, <cd>a handful that may be hackled at
once.</cd> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Strike of
sugar</b></col>. <i>(Sugar Making)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The act
of emptying the teache, or last boiler, in which the cane juice is
exposed to heat, into the coolers</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
quantity of the sirup thus emptied at once.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strik"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, strikes; specifically, a blacksmith's
helper who wields the sledge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A harpoon; also, a harpooner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherever we come to an anchor, we always send out our
<i>strikers</i>, and put out hooks and lines overboard, to try
fish.</blockquote> <i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wencher; a lewd man.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A workman who is on a strike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A blackmailer in politics; also, one whose
political influence can be bought.</def> [Political Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Strik"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Strike</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Striking distance</b></col>, <cd>the distance through which
an object can be reached by striking; the distance at which a force is
effective when directed to a particular object.</cd> --
<col><b>Striking plate</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The plate
against which the latch of a door lock strikes as the door is
closed</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A part of the centering of an
arch, which is driven back to loosen the centering in striking
it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strik"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affecting with strong
emotions; surprising; forcible; impressive; very noticeable; as, a
<i>striking</i> representation or image; a <i>striking</i>
resemblance.</def> "A <i>striking</i> fact." <i>De Quincey.</i> --
<wf>Strik"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Strik"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Strik"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Strickle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>String</hw> (str&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>string</i>, <i>streng</i>, AS. <i>streng</i>; akin to D.
<i>streng</i>, G. <i>strang</i>, Icel. <i>strengr</i>, Sw.
<i>str&auml;ng</i>, Dan. <i>str&aelig;ng</i>; probably from the adj.,
E. <i>strong</i> (see <u>Strong</u>); or perhaps originally meaning,
twisted, and akin to E. <i>strangle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
small cord, a line, a twine, or a slender strip of leather, or other
substance, used for binding together, fastening, or tying things; a
cord, larger than a thread and smaller than a rope; as, a shoe
<i>string</i>; a bonnet <i>string</i>; a silken <i>string</i>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Round Ormond's knee thou tiest the mystic
<i>string</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thread or cord on which a number of
objects or parts are strung or arranged in close and orderly
succession; hence, a line or series of things arranged on a thread, or
as if so arranged; a succession; a concatenation; a chain; as, a
<i>string</i> of shells or beads; a <i>string</i> of dried apples; a
<i>string</i> of houses; a <i>string</i> of arguments.</def> "A
<i>string</i> of islands."  <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A strip, as of leather, by which the covers
of a book are held together.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The cord of a musical instrument, as of a
piano, harp, or violin; specifically (<i>pl.</i>), the stringed
instruments of an orchestra, in distinction from the wind instruments;
as, the <i>strings</i> took up the theme.</def> "An instrument of ten
<i>strings</i>."  <i>Ps. xxx. iii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Me softer airs befit, and softer <i>strings</i><BR>
Of lute, or viol still.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The line or cord of a bow.</def>  <i>Ps.
xi. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He twangs the grieving <i>string</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A fiber, as of a plant; a little, fibrous
root.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Duckweed putteth forth a little <i>string</i> into the
water, from the bottom.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A nerve or tendon of an animal
body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>string</i> of his tongue was
loosed.</blockquote> <i>Mark vii. 35.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>An inside range of
ceiling planks, corresponding to the sheer strake on the outside and
bolted to it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The tough fibrous substance
that unites the valves of the pericap of leguminous plants, and which
is readily pulled off; as, the <i>strings</i> of beans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A small, filamentous
ramification of a metallic vein.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Stringcourse</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>The points made in a
game.</def></p>

<p><col><b>String band</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a band of
musicians using only, or chiefly, stringed instruments.</cd> --
<col><b>String beans</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A dish
prepared from the unripe pods of several kinds of beans; -- so called
because the strings are stripped off</cd>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any
kind of beans in which the pods are used for cooking before the seeds
are ripe; usually, the low bush bean.</cd> -- <col><b>To have two
strings to one's bow</b></col>, <cd>to have a means or expedient in
reserve in case the one employed fails.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>String</hw> (str&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Strung</u> (str&ubreve;ng); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strung</u> (R. <u>Stringed</u> (str&ibreve;ngd));
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Stringing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with strings; as, to <i>string</i>
a violin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Has not wise nature <i>strung</i> the legs and feet<BR>
With firmest nerves, designed to walk the street?</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put in tune the strings of, as a
stringed instrument, in order to play upon it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For here the Muse so oft her harp has
<i>strung</i>,<BR>
That not a mountain rears its head unsung.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put on a string; to file; as, to
<i>string</i> beads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make tense; to strengthen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Toil <i>strung</i> the nerves, and purified the
blood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of strings; to strip the strings
from; as, to <i>string</i> beans. See <u>String</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9.</def></p>

<p><hw>String"board`</hw> (-b&omacr;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Stringpiece</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>String"course`</hw> (-k&omacr;rs`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A horizontal band in a building, forming a part of
the design, whether molded, projecting, or carved, or in any way
distinguished from the rest of the work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stringed</hw> (str&ibreve;ngd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having strings; as, a <i>stringed</i>
instrument.</def>  <i>Ps. cl. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Produced by strings.</def> "Answering the
<i>stringed</i> noise."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strin"gen*cy</hw> (str&ibreve;n"j<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being
stringent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strin"gen*do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Urging or hastening the time, as to a
climax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strin"gent</hw> (str&ibreve;n"j<i>e</i>nt),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stringens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>stringere</i> to draw or bind tight. See <u>Strain</u>.]
<def>Binding strongly; making strict requirements; restrictive; rigid;
severe; as, <i>stringent</i> rules.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They must be subject to a sharper penal code, and to a
more <i>stringent</i> code of procedure.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Strin"gent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Strin"gent*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>String"er</hw> (str&ibreve;ng"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who strings; one who makes or provides
strings, especially for bows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be content to put your trust in honest
<i>stringers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A libertine; a wencher.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A longitudinal
sleeper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A streak of planking
carried round the inside of a vessel on the under side of the
beams.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A long horizontal timber to
connect uprights in a frame, or to support a floor or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>String"halt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>An habitual sudden twitching of the hinder leg of a horse, or an
involuntary or convulsive contraction of the muscles that raise the
hock.</def> [Written also <i>springhalt</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>String"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being stringy.</def></p>

<p><hw>String"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
strings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His tongue is now a <i>stringless</i>
instrument.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>String"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A long piece of timber, forming a margin or
edge of any piece of construction; esp.:</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the longitudinal pieces, supporting the treads and rises
of a flight or run of stairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>String"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of strings, or small threads; fibrous; filamentous;
as, a <i>stringy</i> root.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being drawn into a string, as a
glutinous substance; ropy; viscid; gluely.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stringy bark</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given in
Australia to several trees of the genus Eucalyptus (as <i>E.
amygdalina, obliqua, capitellata, macrorhyncha, piperita, pilularis,
&and; tetradonta</i>), which have a fibrous bark used by the
aborigines for making cordage and cloth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stripped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stripping</u>.] [OE. <i>stripen</i>, <i>strepen</i>, AS.
<i>str&?;pan</i> in be<i>str&?;pan</i> to plunder; akin to D.
<i>stroopen</i>, MHG. <i>stroufen</i>, G. <i>streifen</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive; to bereave; to make destitute; to
plunder; especially, to deprive of a covering; to skin; to peel; as,
to <i>strip</i> a man of his possession, his rights, his privileges,
his reputation; to <i>strip</i> one of his clothes; to <i>strip</i> a
beast of his skin; to <i>strip</i> a tree of its bark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>strippen</i> her out of her rude
array.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>stripped</i> Joseph out of his
coat.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxvii. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Opinions which . . . no clergyman could have avowed
without imminent risk of being <i>stripped</i> of his
gown.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divest of clothing; to
uncover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before the folk herself <i>strippeth</i>
she.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Strip</i> your sword stark naked.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To dismantle; as, to
<i>strip</i> a ship of rigging, spars, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To pare off the surface of,
as land, in strips.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of all milk; to milk dry; to
draw the last milk from; hence, to milk with a peculiar movement of
the hand on the teats at the last of a milking; as, to <i>strip</i> a
cow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To pass; to get clear of; to
outstrip.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When first they <i>stripped</i> the Malean
promontory.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Before he reached it he was out of breath,<BR>
And then the other <i>stripped</i> him.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To pull or tear off, as a covering; to
remove; to wrest away; as, to <i>strip</i> the skin from a beast; to
<i>strip</i> the bark from a tree; to <i>strip</i> the clothes from a
man's back; to <i>strip</i> away all disguisses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>strip</i> bad habits from a corrupted heart, is
<i>stripping</i> off the skin.</blockquote> <i>Gilpin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To tear
off (the thread) from a bolt or nut; as, the thread is
<i>stripped</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To tear off the thread
from (a bolt or nut); as, the bolt is <i>stripped</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To remove the metal coating from (a plated
article), as by acids or electrolytic action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Carding)</i> <def>To remove fiber, flock,
or lint from; -- said of the teeth of a card when it becomes partly
clogged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To pick the cured leaves from the stalks
of (tobacco) and tie them into "hands"; to remove the midrib from
(tobacco leaves).</def></p>

<p><! p. 1427 !></p>

<p><hw>Strip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take off, or become divested of, clothes or covering; to
undress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To fail in the thread; to
lose the thread, as a bolt, screw, or nut. See <u>Strip</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
narrow piece, or one comparatively long; as, a <i>strip</i> of cloth;
a <i>strip</i> of land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A trough for washing
ore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gunnery)</i> <def>The issuing of a
projectile from a rifled gun without acquiring the spiral
motion.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stripe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OD. <i>strijpe</i> a
stripe, streak; akin to LG. <i>stripe</i>, D. <i>streep</i>, Dan.
<i>stribe</i>, G. <i>strief</i>, <i>striefen</i>, MHG. <i>striefen</i>
to glide, march.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A line, or long, narrow
division of anything of a different color or structure from the
ground; hence, any linear variation of color or structure; as, a
<i>stripe</i>, or streak, of red on a green ground; a raised
<i>stripe</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A pattern produced by
arranging the warp threads in sets of alternating colors, or in sets
presenting some other contrast of appearance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A strip, or long, narrow piece attached to
something of a different color; as, a red or blue <i>stripe</i> sewed
upon a garment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A stroke or blow made with a whip, rod,
scourge, or the like, such as usually leaves a mark.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forty <i>stripes</i> he may give him, and not
exceed.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxv. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A long, narrow discoloration of the skin
made by the blow of a lash, rod, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cruelty marked him with inglorious
<i>stripes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Color indicating a party or faction; hence,
distinguishing characteristic; sign; likeness; sort; as, persons of
the same political <i>stripe</i>.</def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The chevron on the
coat of a noncommissioned officer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stars and Stripes</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Star</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Stripe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Striped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Striping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make stripes upon; to
form with lines of different colors or textures; to variegate with
stripes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike; to lash.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Striped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having stripes of
different colors; streaked.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Striped bass</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Bass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Striped maple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a slender American tree (<i>Acer Pennsylvanicum</i>) with finely
striped bark. Called also <i>striped dogwood</i>, and
<i>moosewood</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Striped mullet</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Mullet</u>, 2.</cd> --
<col><b>Striped snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the garter
snake.</cd> -- <col><b>Striped squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the chipmunk.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Strip"-leaf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tobacco which
has been stripped of its stalks before packing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strip"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>strip</i>; as if a small strip from the main stock or steam.]
<def>A youth in the state of adolescence, or just passing from boyhood
to manhood; a lad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inquire thou whose son the <i>stripling</i>
is.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xvii. 56.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, strips; specifically, a machine for stripping cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strip"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>strip</i>.] <def>A small stream.</def> [Obs.] "A little brook or
<i>strippet</i>."  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strip"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who strips.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mutual bows and courtesies . . . are remants of the
original prostrations and <i>strippings</i> of the
captive.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Never were cows that required such
<i>stripping</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Gaskell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The last milk drawn from a cow
at a milking.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stri*so"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.; cf. L.
<i>stridere</i> to creak, whiz, buzz.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of passerine birds including the humming birds, swifts, and
goatsuckers. It is now generally considered an artificial
group.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Strove</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Striven</u> (?) (Rarely, <u>Strove</u>); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Striving</u>.] [OF. <i>estriver</i>; of Teutonic
origin, and akin to G. <i>streben</i>, D. <i>streven</i>, Dan.
<i>str&aelig;be</i>, Sw. <i>str&auml;fva</i>.  Cf. <u>Strife</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make efforts; to use exertions; to endeavor
with earnestness; to labor hard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Was for this his ambition <i>strove</i><BR>
To equal C&aelig;sar first, and after, Jove?</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To struggle in opposition; to be in
contention or dispute; to contend; to contest; -- followed by
<i>against</i> or <i>with</i> before the person or thing opposed; as,
<i>strive</i> against temptation; <i>strive</i> for the truth.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My Spirit shall not always <i>strive</i> with
man.</blockquote> <i>Gen. vi. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why dost thou <i>strive</i> against him?</blockquote>
<i>Job xxxiii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now private pity <i>strove</i> with public hate,<BR>
Reason with rage, and eloquence with fate.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To vie; to compete; to be a rival.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Not] that sweet grove<BR>
Of Daphne, by Orontes and the inspired<BR>
Castalian spring, might with this paradise<BR>
Of Eden <i>strive</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To contend; vie; struggle; endeavor; aim.</p>

<p><hw>Strive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
effort; a striving.</def> [R.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strife; contention.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif
(luke xxi. 9).</i></p>

<p><hw>Strived</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Strive</u>. <def>Striven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yea, so have I <i>strived</i> to preach the
gospel.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xv. 20.</i></p>

<p><hw>Striv"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Strive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Striv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
strives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Striv"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Strive</u>.</def> -- <wf>Striv"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Strix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>strix</i>,
<i>strigis</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the flutings of a
column.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroam</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>strome</i> to walk with long strides.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
wander about idly and vacantly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take long strides in walking.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Stro*bi"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Strobil&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; anything
twisted, a pine cone.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
form of the larva of certain Discophora in a state of development
succeeding the scyphistoma. The body of the strobila becomes
elongated, and subdivides transversely into a series of lobate
segments which eventually become ephyr&aelig;, or young
medus&aelig;.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A mature
tapeworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strob`i*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Strobila</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to a strobile or cone.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Producing strobiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strob`i*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The act or phenomenon of spontaneously
dividing transversely, as do certain species of annelids and
helminths; transverse fission. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Syllidian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strob"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>strobilus</i> a
pine cone, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>strobole</i>.] [Written also
<i>strobil</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A scaly
multiple fruit resulting from the ripening of an ament in certain
plants, as the hop or pine; a cone. See <u>Cone</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An individual asexually
producing sexual individuals differing from itself also in other
respects, as the tapeworm, -- one of the forms that occur in
metagenesis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Strobila</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stro*bil"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like
a strobile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strob"i*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a strobile; strobilaceous; strobiliform; as,
<i>strobiline</i> fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strob"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
whirling + <i>-scope</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for
studying or observing the successive phases of a periodic or varying
motion by means of light which is periodically interrupted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An optical toy similar to the
phenakistoscope. See <u>Phenakistoscope</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Glass Manuf.)</i>
<def>A shovel with a turned-up edge, for frit, sand, etc.</def>
[Written also <i>strocal</i>, <i>strocle</i>, <i>strokal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Strode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Strude</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strode</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Stride</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroke</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Strike</u>.
<def>Struck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroke</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>strok</i>,
<i>strook</i>, <i>strak</i>, fr. <i>striken</i>. See <u>Strike</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of striking;
a blow; a hit; a knock; esp., a violent or hostile attack made with
the arm or hand, or with an instrument or weapon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His hand fetcheth a <i>stroke</i> with the ax to cut
down the tree.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xix. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A fool's lips enter into contention and his mouth
calleth for <i>strokes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xviii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He entered and won the whole kingdom of Naples without
striking a <i>stroke</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The result of effect of a striking; injury
or affliction; soreness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the day that Lord bindeth up the breach of his
people, and healeth the <i>stroke</i> of their wound.</blockquote>
<i>Isa. xxx. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The striking of the clock to tell the
hour.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well, but what's o'clock?<BR>
- Upon the <i>stroke</i> of ten. -- Well, let is strike.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A gentle, caressing touch or movement upon
something; a stroking.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A mark or dash in writing or printing; a
line; the touch of a pen or pencil; as, an up <i>stroke</i>; a firm
<i>stroke</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, lasting as those colors may they shine,<BR>
Free as thy <i>stroke</i>, yet faultless as thy line.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Hence, by extension, an addition or
amandment to a written composition; a touch; as, to give some
finishing <i>strokes</i> to an essay.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A sudden attack of disease; especially, a
fatal attack; a severe disaster; any affliction or calamity,
especially a sudden one; as, a <i>stroke</i> of apoplexy; the
<i>stroke</i> of death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At this one <i>stroke</i> the man looked dead in
law.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A throb or beat, as of the heart.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>One of a series of beats or movements
against a resisting medium, by means of which movement through or upon
it is accomplished; as, the <i>stroke</i> of a bird's wing in flying,
or an oar in rowing, of a skater, swimmer, etc.</def>; also:
<i>(Rowing)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The rate of succession of
stroke; as, a quick <i>stroke</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
oar nearest the stern of a boat, by which the other oars are guided; -
- called also <i>stroke oar</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
rower who pulls the stroke oar; the strokesman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A powerful or sudden effort by which
something is done, produced, or accomplished; also, something done or
accomplished by such an effort; as, a <i>stroke</i> of genius; a
<i>stroke</i> of business; a master <i>stroke</i> of policy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The movement, in either
direction, of the piston plunger, piston rod, crosshead, etc., as of a
steam engine or a pump, in which these parts have a reciprocating
motion; as, the forward <i>stroke</i> of a piston; also, the entire
distance passed through, as by a piston, in such a movement; as, the
piston is at half <i>stroke</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The respective strokes are distinguished as <i>up</i> and
<i>down</i> strokes, <i>outward</i> and <i>inward</i> strokes,
<i>forward</i> and <i>back</i> strokes, the forward stroke in
stationary steam engines being toward the crosshead, but in
locomotives toward the front of the vehicle.</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Power; influence.</def> [Obs.] "Where
money beareth [hath] all the <i>stroke</i>."  <i>Robynson (More's
Utopia).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He has a great <i>stroke</i> with the
reader.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Appetite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To keep stroke</b></col>, <cd>to make strokes in
unison.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The oars where silver,<BR>
Which to the tune of flutes <i>kept stroke</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stroke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strokeed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Strokeing</u>.] [OE. <i>stroken</i>, <i>straken</i>, AS.
<i>str&amacr;cian</i>, fr. <i>str&imacr;can</i> to go over, pass. See
<u>Strike</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Straggle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ye mote with the plat sword again<BR>
<i>Stroken</i> him in the wound, and it will close.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rib gently in one direction; especially,
to pass the hand gently over by way of expressing kindness or
tenderness; to caress; to soothe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He dried the falling drops, and, yet more kind,<BR>
He <i>stroked</i> her cheeks.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make smooth by rubbing.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>To give a finely fluted
surface to.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To row the stroke oar of; as, to
<i>stroke</i> a boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strok"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strokes;
also, one who pretends to cure by stroking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cures worked by Greatrix the
<i>stroker</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strokes"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Strokesman</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Rowing)</i> <def>The man who
rows the aftermost oar, and whose stroke is to be followed by the
rest.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strok"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of rubbing gently with the hand, or of smoothing; a
stroke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I doubt not with one gentle <i>stroking</i> to wipe
away ten thousand tears.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Needlework)</i> <def>The act of laying small
gathers in cloth in regular order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>See <u>Stripping</u>, 2.</def>
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stroll</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strolled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Strolling</u>.] [Cf. Dan. <i>stryge</i> to stroll, Sw.
<i>stryka</i> to stroke, to ramble, dial. Sw. <i>strykel</i> one who
strolls about, Icel. <i>strj&?;ka</i> to stroke, D. <i>struikelen</i>
to stumble, G. <i>straucheln</i>.  Cf. <u>Struggle</u>.] <def>To
wander on foot; to ramble idly or leisurely; to rove.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These mothers <i>stroll</i> to beg sustenance for their
helpless infants.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To rove; roam; range; stray.</p>

<p><hw>Stroll</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wandering on foot; an
idle and leisurely walk; a ramble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroll"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strolls;
a vagrant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stro"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stromata</b></plw> (#). [L., a bed covering, Gr. &?; a couch
or bed.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The connective tissue or supporting framework of an organ; as,
the <i>stroma</i> of the kidney.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
spongy, colorless framework of a red blood corpuscle or other
cell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A layer or mass of cellular
tissue, especially that part of the thallus of certain fungi which
incloses the perithecia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stro*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; coverlet of
a bed, pl. &?; patchwork (for such a coverlet), also applied to
several <i>miscellaneous</i> writings, fr. &?; anything spread out for
resting upon, a bed, fr. &?; to spread out.] <def>Miscellaneous;
composed of different kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stro`ma*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
a bed + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The history of the
formation of stratified rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stromb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any marine univalve mollusk of the genus Strombus and allied
genera. See <u>Conch</u>, and <u>Strombus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strom"bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>A fossil shell of the genus Strombus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strom"boid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Strombus</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or like,
Strombus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strom*bu"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>strombulus</i>, dim. of <i>strombus + -form</i>. See
<u>Strombus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Formed or
shaped like a top.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Coiled into the shape of a
screw or a helix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strom"bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine gastropods in which the
shell has the outer lip dilated into a broad wing. It includes many
large and handsome species commonly called <i>conch shells</i>, or
<i>conchs</i>. See <u>Conch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stro"mey`er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named from
the German chemist Friedrich <i>Stromeyer</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
steel-gray mineral of metallic luster. It is a sulphide of silver and
copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Strand; beach.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1428 !></p>

<p><hw>Strong</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Stronger</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Strongest</u> (?).] [AS. <i>strang</i>,
<i>strong</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>streng</i> strict, rigorous, OHG.
<i>strengi</i> strong, brave, harsh, Icel. <i>strangr</i> strong,
severe, Dan. <i>streng</i>, Sw. <i>str&auml;ng</i> strict, severe.
Cf. <u>Strength</u>, <u>Stretch</u>, <u>String</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having active physical power, or great
physical power to act; having a power of exerting great bodily force;
vigorous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That our oxen may be <i>strong</i> to
labor.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxliv. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Orses the <i>strong</i> to greater strength must
yield.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having passive physical power; having
ability to bear or endure; firm; hale; sound; robust; as, a
<i>strong</i> constitution; <i>strong</i> health.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Solid; tough; not easily broken or injured;
able to withstand violence; able to sustain attacks; not easily
subdued or taken; as, a <i>strong</i> beam; a <i>strong</i> rock; a
<i>strong</i> fortress or town.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having great military or naval force;
powerful; as, a <i>strong</i> army or fleet; a nation <i>strong</i> at
sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Having great wealth, means, or resources;
as, a <i>strong</i> house, or company of merchants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Reaching a certain degree or limit in
respect to strength or numbers; as, an army ten thousand
<i>strong</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Moving with rapidity or force; violent;
forcible; impetuous; as, a <i>strong</i> current of water or wind; the
wind was <i>strong</i> from the northeast; a <i>strong</i>
tide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to make a deep or effectual
impression on the mind or imagination; striking or superior of the
kind; powerful; forcible; cogent; as, a <i>strong</i> argument;
<i>strong</i> reasons; <i>strong</i> evidence; a <i>strong</i>
example; <i>strong</i> language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Ardent; eager; zealous; earnestly engaged;
as, a <i>strong</i> partisan; a <i>strong</i> Whig or Tory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her mother, ever <i>strong</i> against that
match.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>Having virtues of great efficacy; or,
having a particular quality in a great degree; as, a <i>strong</i>
powder or tincture; a <i>strong</i> decoction; <i>strong</i> tea or
coffee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>Full of spirit; containing a large
proportion of alcohol; intoxicating; as, <i>strong</i>
liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>Affecting any sense powerfully; as,
<i>strong</i> light, colors, etc.; a <i>strong</i> flavor of onions; a
<i>strong</i> scent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>Solid; nourishing; as, <i>strong</i>
meat.</def>  <i>Heb. v. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Well established; firm; not easily
overthrown or altered; as, a <i>strong</i> custom; a <i>strong</i>
belief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>Violent; vehement; earnest;
ardent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had offered up prayers and supplications with
<i>strong</i> crying and tears.</blockquote> <i>Heb. v. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>Having great force, vigor, power, or the
like, as the mind, intellect, or any faculty; as, a man of a
<i>strong</i> mind, memory, judgment, or imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>stronger</i> in prophecy than in
criticism.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <def>Vigorous; effective; forcible;
powerful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like her sweet voice is thy harmonious song,<BR>
As high, as sweet, as easy, and as <i>strong</i>.</blockquote> <i>E.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>Tending to higher
prices; rising; as, a <i>strong</i> market.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>19.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, a verb which forms its preterit
(imperfect) by a variation in the root vowel, and the past participle
(usually) by the addition of <i>-en</i> (with or without a change of
the root vowel); as in the verbs <i>strive</i>, <i>strove</i>,
<i>striven</i>; <i>break</i>, <i>broke</i>, <i>broken</i>;
<i>drink</i>, <i>drank</i>, <i>drunk</i>. Opposed to <i>weak</i>, or
<i>regular</i>. See <u>Weak</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Applied to forms in Anglo-Saxon, etc., which retain the old
declensional endings. In the Teutonic languages the vowel stems have
held the original endings most firmly, and are called <i>strong</i>;
the stems in <i>-n</i> are called <i>weak</i> other constant stems
conform, or are irregular.</def>  <i>F. A. March.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Strong conjugation</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>the
conjugation of a strong verb; -- called also <i>old, or irregular,
conjugation</i>, and distinguished from the <i>weak, or regular,
conjugation</i>.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Strong</i> is often used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>strong</i>-backed, <i>strong</i>-based,
<i>strong</i>-bodied, <i>strong</i>-colored, <i>strong</i>-fisted,
<i>strong</i>-handed, <i>strong</i>-ribbed, <i>strong</i>-smelling,
<i>strong</i>-voiced, etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Vigorous; powerful; stout; solid; firm; hardy;
muscular; forcible; cogent; valid. See <u>Robust</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Strong"hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Violence;
force; power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was their meaning to take what they needed by
<i>stronghand</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strong"hold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fastness; a
fort or fortress; fortfield place; a place of security.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strong"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
strong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strong"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a strong manner;
so as to be strong in action or in resistance; with strength; with
great force; forcibly; powerfully; firmly; vehemently; as, a town
<i>strongly</i> fortified; he objected <i>strongly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strong"-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
vigorous mind; esp., having or affecting masculine qualities of mind;
-- said of women.</def> -- <wf>Strong"-mind`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Strong"-wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An acid.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Distilled or ardent spirits; intoxicating
liquor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"gy*lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Strongyloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"gy*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>Strongylus</i> the genus (from Gr. &?; round) + <i>-oid</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like, or pertaining to, <i>Strongylus</i>, a
genus of parasitic nematode worms of which many species infest
domestic animals. Some of the species, especially those living in the
kidneys, lungs, and bronchial tubes, are often very injurious.</def> -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strongyloid worm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>strontia</i>,
fr. <i>Strontian</i>, in Argyleshire, Scotland, where
<i>strontianite</i> was first found.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An earth of
a white color resembling lime in appearance, and baryta in many of its
properties. It is an oxide of the metal strontium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"ti*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Strontia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"ti*an*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Strontium carbonate, a mineral of a white, greenish, or yellowish
color, usually occurring in fibrous massive forms, but sometimes in
prismatic crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to strontium; containing, or designating the compounds
of, strontium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron*tit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Strontic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stron"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Strontia</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A metallic element of the
calcium group, always naturally occurring combined, as in the minerals
strontianite, celestite, etc. It is isolated as a yellowish metal,
somewhat malleable but harder than calcium. It is chiefly employed (as
in the nitrate) to color pyrotechnic flames red. Symbol Sr. Atomic
weight 87.3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strook</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Strike</u>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strook</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stroke.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stroot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Strut</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To swell out; to strut.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Strap</u>.] <def>A
strap; specifically, same as <u>Strap</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stropped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stropping</u>.] <def>To draw over, or rub upon, a strop with a view
to sharpen; as, to <i>strop</i> a razor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>estrope</i>,
<i>&eacute;trope</i>, fr. L. <i>struppus</i>. See <u>Strop</u> a
strap.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of rope spliced into a circular
wreath, and put round a block for hanging it.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stro*phan"thus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; a turning + &?; a flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of tropical
apocynaceous shrubs having singularly twisted flowers. One species
(<i>Strophanthus hispidus</i>) is used medicinally as a cardiac
sedative and stimulant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stro"phe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Strophes</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to twist,
to turn; perh. akin to E. <i>strap</i>.] <def>In Greek choruses and
dances, the movement of the chorus while turning from the right to the
left of the orchestra; hence, the strain, or part of the choral ode,
sung during this movement. Also sometimes used of a stanza of modern
verse. See the Note under <u>Antistrophe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
containing, or consisting of, strophes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stro"phi*o*late</hw> (?), <hw>Stro"phi*o*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Furnished with a strophiole,
or caruncle, or that which resembles it.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stro"phi*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>strophiolum</i> a little chaplet, dim. of <i>strophium</i> a band,
Gr. &?;, dim. of &?; a twisted band: cf. F. <i>strophiole</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A crestlike excrescence about the hilum of certain
seeds; a caruncle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stroph"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <u>Red-gum</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of coarse
blanket or garment used by the North American Indians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroud"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Material for
strouds; a kind of coarse cloth used in trade with the North American
Indians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strout</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Strut</u>.]
<def>To swell; to puff out; to project.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to project
or swell out; to enlarge affectedly; to strut.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strove</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Strive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Strowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Strown</u> (?) or
<u>Strowed</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Strew</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thick as autumnal leaves that <i>strow</i> the
brooks<BR>
In Vallombrosa.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A manner turbid . . . and <i>strown</i> with
blemished.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strowl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stroll.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Strown</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Strow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stroy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To destroy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Struck</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Strike</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Struck jury</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a special jury,
composed of persons having special knowledge or qualifications,
selected by striking from the panel of jurors a certain number for
each party, leaving the number required by law to try the
cause.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Struck"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Strike</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Struc"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to structure; affecting structure; as, a
<i>structural</i> error.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to organit
structure; as, a <i>structural</i> element or cell; the
<i>structural</i> peculiarities of an animal or a plant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Structural formula</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Rational formula</i>, under <u>Formula</u>.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Struc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>structura</i>,
from <i>struere</i>, <i>structum</i>, to arrange, build, construct;
perhaps akin to E. <i>strew</i>: cf. F. <i>structure</i>.  Cf.
<u>Construe</u>, <u>Destroy</u>, <u>Instrument</u>, <u>Obstruct</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of building; the practice of erecting
buildings; construction.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His son builds on, and never is content<BR>
Till the last farthing is in <i>structure</i> spent.</blockquote>
<i>J. Dryden, Jr.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manner of building; form; make;
construction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Want of insight into the <i>structure</i> and
constitution of the terraqueous globe.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Arrangement of parts, of organs, or of
constituent particles, in a substance or body; as, the
<i>structure</i> of a rock or a mineral; the <i>structure</i> of a
sentence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [basalt] has often a prismatic
<i>structure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Manner of organization; the
arrangement of the different tissues or parts of animal and vegetable
organisms; as, organic <i>structure</i>, or the <i>structure</i> of
animals and plants; cellular <i>structure</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is built; a building; esp., a
building of some size or magnificence; an edifice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There stands a <i>structure</i> of majestic
frame.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Columnar structure</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Columnar</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Struc"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Having a definite organic structure; showing differentiation of
parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The passage from a structureless state to a
<i>structured</i> state is itself a vital process.</blockquote> <i>H.
Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Struc"ture*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
definite structure, or arrangement of parts; without organization;
devoid of cells; homogeneous; as, a <i>structureless</i>
membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Struc"tur*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who forms
structures; a builder; a constructor.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Strude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stock of breeding
mares.</def> [Written also <i>strode</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strug"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Struggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Struggling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>strogelen</i>; cf. Icel.
<i>strj&?;ka</i> to stroke, to beat, to flog, Sw. <i>stryka</i> to
stroke, to strike, Dan. <i>stryge</i>, G. <i>straucheln</i> to
stumble.  Cf. <u>Stroll</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strive, or to
make efforts, with a twisting, or with contortions of the
body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To use great efforts; to labor hard; to
strive; to contend forcibly; as, to <i>struggle</i> to save one's
life; to <i>struggle</i> with the waves; to <i>struggle</i> with
adversity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brave men, living and dead, who <i>struggled</i>
here, have consecrated it [Gettysburg] far above our power to add or
detract.</blockquote> <i>Lincoln.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To labor in pain or anguish; to be in
agony; to labor in any kind of difficulty or distress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is wisdom to beware,<BR>
And better shun the bait than <i>struggle</i> in the
snare.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To strive; contend; labor; endeavor.</p>

<p><hw>Strug"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A violent effort or efforts with contortions of the body; agony;
distress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Great labor; forcible effort to obtain an
object, or to avert an evil.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Contest; contention; strife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An honest might look upon the <i>struggle</i> with
indifference.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Endeavor; effort; contest; labor; difficulty.</p>

<p><hw>Strug"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
struggles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strull</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bar so placed as
to resist weight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strum</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strummed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Strumming</u>.] [Probably of imitative origin.  Cf. <u>Thrum</u>.]
<def>To play on an instrument of music, or as on an instrument, in an
unskillful or noisy way; to thrum; as, to <i>strum</i> a
piano.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stru"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a scrofulous
tumor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Scrofula.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cushionlike swelling on any
organ; especially, that at the base of the capsule in many
mosses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stru*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Scrofulous;
strumous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stru*mose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>strumosus</i>:
cf. F. <i>strumeux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Strumous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a struma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stru"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Scrofulous; having struma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stru"mous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being strumous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strum"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>strumpet</i>,
<i>strompet</i>; cf. OF. <i>stupe</i> debauchery, F. <i>stupe</i>, L.
<i>stuprare</i>, <i>stupratum</i>, to debauch, <i>stuprum</i>
debauchery, Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>striopach</i> a prostitute.] <def>A
prostitute; a harlot.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strum"pet</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
strumpet; characteristic of a strumpet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Out on thy more than <i>strumpet</i>
impudence.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strum"pet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To debauch.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dishonor with the reputation of being a
strumpet; hence, to belie; to slander.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With his untrue reports, <i>strumpet</i> your
fame.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strum"strum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rude musical
instrument somewhat like a cittern.</def> [R.]  <i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>String</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Spirituous
liquor.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strun"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
worsted braid, about an inch broad.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Struse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>strug'</i>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A Russian river craft used for transporting
freight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strut</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Strutted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Strutting</u>.] [OE. <i>struten</i>, <i>strouten</i>, to swell;
akin to G. <i>strozen</i> to be swelled, to be puffed up, to strut,
Dan. <i>strutte</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swell; to bulge
out.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The bellying canvas <i>strutted</i> with the
gale.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk with a lofty, proud gait, and erect
head; to walk with affected dignity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Does he not hold up his head, . . . and <i>strut</i> in
his gait?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Strut</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For senses 2 &amp; 3 cf. LG.
<i>strutt</i> rigid.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of strutting; a
pompous step or walk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>In general, any piece of a
frame which resists thrust or pressure in the direction of its own
length. See <u>Brace</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Frame</u>, and
<u>Roof</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>Any part of a machine or
structure, of which the principal function is to hold things apart; a
brace subjected to compressive stress; -- the opposite of <i>stay</i>,
and <i>tie</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strut</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hold apart.  Cf.
<u>Strut</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strut</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Protuberant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Stru"thi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Struthious.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stru"thi*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Struthiones</b></plw> (#). [L., an ostrich, fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of birds including the African
ostriches.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stru`thi*oi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Struthio</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Struthiones</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stru`thi*o"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Struthio</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
division, or order, of birds, including only the African
ostriches.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a wider sense, an
extensive group of birds including the ostriches, cassowaries, emus,
moas, and allied birds incapable of flight. In this sense it is
equivalent to <i>Ratit&aelig;</i>, or
<i>Drom&aelig;ognath&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stru`thi*o"nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Struthious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stru"thi*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>struthius</i>, <i>strutheus</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Struthiones, or Ostrich tribe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
struts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strut"ting</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Strut</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def> -- <wf>Strut"ting*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Struv"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After the Russian
minister Von <i>Struve</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A crystalline mineral
found in guano. It is a hydrous phosphate of magnesia and
ammonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strych"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Strychnine</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Strychnine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strych"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to strychnine; produced by strychnine; as, <i>strychnic</i> compounds;
<i>strychnic</i> poisoning</def>; specifically <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<def>used to designate an acid, called also <i>igasuric
acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strych"nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>strychnos</i>
a kind of nightshade, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>strychnine</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A very poisonous alkaloid resembling brucine,
obtained from various species of plants, especially from species of
<i>Loganiace&aelig;</i>, as from the seeds of the St. Ignatius bean
(<i>Strychnos Ignatia</i>) and from nux vomica. It is obtained as a
white crystalline substance, having a very bitter acrid taste, and is
employed in medicine (chiefly in the form of the sulphate) as a
powerful neurotic stimulant. Called also <i>strychnia</i>, and
formerly <i>strychnina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Strych"nos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of
nightshade, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of tropical trees and
shrubs of the order <i>Loganiace&aelig;</i>. See <u>Nux
vomica</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1429 !></p>

<p><hw>Stryph"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; astringent.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a complex
nitrogenous acid, obtained by the action of acetic acid and potassium
nitrite on uric acid, as a yellow crystalline substance, with a
bitter, astringent taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stubbe</i>, AS.
<i>stub</i>, <i>styb</i>; akin to D. <i>stobbe</i>, LG. <i>stubbe</i>,
Dan. <i>stub</i>, Sw. <i>stubbe</i>, Icel. <i>stubbr</i>,
<i>stubbi</i>; cf. Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The stump of a
tree; that part of a tree or plant which remains fixed in the earth
when the stem is cut down; -- applied especially to the stump of a
small tree, or shrub.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Stubs</i> sharp and hideous to behold.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And prickly <i>stubs</i> instead of trees are
found.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A log; a block; a blockhead.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The short blunt part of anything after
larger part has been broken off or used up; hence, anything short and
thick; as, the <i>stub</i> of a pencil, candle, or cigar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A part of a leaf in a check book, after a
check is torn out, on which the number, amount, and destination of the
check are usually recorded.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A pen with a short, blunt nib.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A stub nail; an old horseshoe nail; also,
stub iron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stub end</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>the enlarged end of
a connecting rod, to which the strap is fastened.</cd> -- <col><b>Stub
iron</b></col>, <cd>iron made from stub nails, or old horseshoe nails,
-- used in making gun barrels.</cd> -- <col><b>Stub mortise</b></col>
<i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>a mortise passing only partly through the timber
in which it is formed.</cd> -- <col><b>Stub nail</b></col>, <cd>an old
horseshoe nail; a nail broken off; also, a short, thick nail.</cd> --
<col><b>Stub short</b></col>, or <col><b>Stub shot</b></col>
<i>(Lumber Manuf.)</i>, <cd>the part of the end of a sawn log or plank
which is beyond the place where the saw kerf ends, and which retains
the plank in connection with the log, until it is split off.</cd> --
<col><b>Stub twist</b></col>, <cd>material for a gun barrel, made of a
spirally welded ribbon of steel and stub iron combined.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stubbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stubbing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grub up by the roots; to
extirpate; as, to <i>stub</i> up edible roots.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>stubbing</i>, plowing, digging, and harrowing
is to a piece of land.</blockquote> <i>Berkley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove stubs from; as, to <i>stub</i>
land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strike as the toes, against a stub,
stone, or other fixed object.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stub"bed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Reduced to a stub; short and thick, like something truncated;
blunt; obtuse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in stubs; stubby.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bit of <i>stubbed</i> ground, once a
wood.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not nice or delicate; hardy; rugged.</def>
"<i>Stubbed</i>, vulgar constitutions."  <i>Berkley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stub"bed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being stubbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stub"bi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being stubby.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stub"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stobil</i>,
<i>stoble</i>, OF. <i>estouble</i>, <i>estuble</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tuele</i>, LL. <i>stupla</i>, <i>stupula</i>, L.
<i>stipula</i> stubble, stalk; cf. D. &amp; G. <i>stopped</i>, OHG.
<i>stupfila</i>.  Cf. <u>Stipule</u>.] <def>The stumps of wheat, rye,
barley, oats, or buckwheat, left in the ground; the part of the stalk
left by the scythe or sickle.</def> "After the first crop is off, they
plow in the wheast <i>stubble</i>."  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stubble goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
graylag goose.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Stubble
rake</b></col>, <cd>a rake with long teeth for gleaning in
stubble.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stub"bled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered with stubble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A crow was strutting o'er the <i>stubbled</i>
plain.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stubbed; as, <i>stubbled</i> legs.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stub"bly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with stubble;
stubbled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stub"born</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stoburn</i>,
<i>stiborn</i>; probably fr. AS. <i>styb</i> a stub. See <u>Stub</u>.]
<def>Firm as a stub or stump; stiff; unbending; unyielding;
persistent; hence, unreasonably obstinate in will or opinion; not
yielding to reason or persuasion; refractory; harsh; -- said of
persons and things; as, <i>stubborn</i> wills; <i>stubborn</i> ore; a
<i>stubborn</i> oak; as <i>stubborn</i> as a mule.</def> "Bow,
<i>stubborn</i> knees." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Stubborn</i> attention and
more than common application." <i>Locke.</i> "<i>Stubborn</i> Stoics."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And I was young and full of ragerie [wantonness]<BR>
<i>Stubborn</i> and strong, and jolly as a pie.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These heretics be so stiff and
<i>stubborn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>stubborn</i> usage of the pope.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Obstinate; inflexible; obdurate; headstrong; stiff;
hardy; firm; refractory; intractable; rugged; contumacious; heady.  --
<u>Stubborn</u>, <u>Obstinate</u>. <i>Obstinate</i> is used of either
active or passive persistence in one's views or conduct, in spite of
the wishes of others. <i>Stubborn</i> describes an extreme degree of
passive <i>obstinacy</i>.
 -- <wf>Stub"born*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Stub"born*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stub"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with stubs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Short and thick; short and strong, as
bristles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuc"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stuccoes</b></plw> (#), <plw><b>Stuccos</b></plw>. [It., fr.
OHG. <i>stucchi</i> a crust, piece, G. <i>st&uuml;ck</i> piece; akin
to AS. <i>stycce</i>. See <u>Stock</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Plaster of any kind used as a coating for walls, especially, a
fine plaster, composed of lime or gypsum with sand and pounded marble,
used for internal decorations and fine work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Work made of stucco; stuccowork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuc"co</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stuccoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stuccoing</u> (?).] <def>To overlay or decorate with stucco, or
fine plaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuc"co*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stuccoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuc"co*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work done in
stucco.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuck</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Stick</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 1st <u>Stoccado</u>.]
<def>A thrust.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stuc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Stook</u>.]
<def>A number of sheaves set together in the field; a stook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuck"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Self-important
and supercilious, &?;onceited; vain; arrogant.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The airs of small, <i>stuck-up</i>, men.</blockquote>
<i>A. K. H. Boyd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stod</i>,
<i>stood</i>, AS. <i>st&omacr;d</i>; akin to OHG. <i>stuota</i>, G.
<i>stute</i> a mare, Icel. <i>st&omacr;&?;</i> stud, Lith.
<i>stodas</i> a herd, Russ. <i>stado</i>, and to E. <i>stand</i>. The
sense is properly, a stand, an establishment. &radic;163. See
<u>Stand</u>, and cf. <u>Steed</u>.] <def>A collection of breeding
horses and mares, or the place where they are kept; also, a number of
horses kept for a racing, riding, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>studs</i> of Ireland, where care is taken, we
see horses bred of excellent shape, vigor, and size.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had the finest <i>stud</i> in England, and his
delight was to win plates from Tories.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>studu</i> a post;
akin to Sw. <i>st&ouml;d</i> a prop, Icel. <i>sto&?;</i> a post,
<i>sty&?;ja</i> to prop, and probably ultimately to E. <i>stand</i>;
cf. D. <i>stut</i> a prop, G. <i>st&uuml;tze</i>. See <u>Stand</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stem; a trunk.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Seest not this same hawthorn <i>stud</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An upright scanting, esp.
one of the small uprights in the framing for lath and plaster
partitions, and furring, and upon which the laths are
nailed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of nail with a large head, used
chiefly for ornament; an ornamental knob; a boss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A belt of straw and ivy buds,<BR>
With coral clasps and amber <i>studs</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Crystal and myrrhine cups, embossed with gems<BR>
And <i>studs</i> of pearl.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An ornamental button of various forms, worn
in a shirt front, collar, wristband, or the like, not sewed in place,
but inserted through a buttonhole or eyelet, and
transferable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A short
rod or pin, fixed in and projecting from something, and sometimes
forming a journal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A stud
bolt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An iron brace across the shorter diameter
of the link of a chain cable.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stud bolt</b></col>, <cd>a bolt with threads on both ends,
to be screwed permanently into a fixed part at one end and receive a
nut upon the other; -- called also <i>standing bolt</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stud</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Studded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Studding</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with shining studs,
or knobs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy horses shall be trapped,<BR>
Their harness <i>studded</i> all with gold and pearl.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set with detached ornaments or prominent
objects; to set thickly, as with studs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sloping sides and summits of our hills, and the
extensive plains that stretch before our view, are <i>studded</i> with
substantial, neat, and commodious dwellings of freemen.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Hobart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stud"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A genealogical
register of a particular breed or stud of horses, esp.
thoroughbreds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"der*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stud, or
collection of breeding horses and mares; also, a place for keeping a
stud.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>King Henry the Eighth erected a noble
<i>studdery</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stud"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Material for
studs, or joists; studs, or joists, collectively; studs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"ding sail`</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A light sail set
at the side of a principal or square sail of a vessel in free winds,
to increase her speed. Its head is bent to a small spar which is
called the <i>studding-sail boom</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Sail</u>.</def>  <i>Toten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stu"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>studens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>studere</i> to study. See <u>Study</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person engaged in
study; one who is devoted to learning; a learner; a pupil; a scholar;
especially, one who attends a school, or who seeks knowledge from
professional teachers or from books; as, the <i>students</i> of an
academy, a college, or a university; a medical <i>student</i>; a hard
<i>student</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep a gamester from the dice, and a good
<i>student</i> from his book.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who studies or examines in any manner;
an attentive and systematic observer; as, a <i>student</i> of human
nature, or of physical nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"dent*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A body of
students.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Stu"dent*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a student.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of small American minnows of the genus
<i>Fundulus</i>, as <i>F. catenatus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"-horse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>st&omacr;d-
hors</i>.] <def>A stallion, esp. one kept for breeding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"ied</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Closely examined; read with diligence and attention; made the
subject of study; well considered; as, a <i>studied</i>
lesson.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Well versed in any branch of learning;
qualified by study; learned; as, a man well <i>studied</i> in
geometry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shrewdly suspect that he is little <i>studied</i> of
a theory of moral proportions.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Premeditated; planned; designed; as, a
<i>studied</i> insult.</def> "<i>Studied</i> magnificence."
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Intent; inclined.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stud"ied*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a studied
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"i*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A student.</def>
[R.]  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lipsius was a great <i>studier</i> of the stoical
philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stu"di*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Studios</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>studio</i>, properly, study.
See <u>Study</u>.] <def>The working room of an artist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>studious</i>:
cf. F. <i>studieux</i>. See <u>Study</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Given to study; devoted to the acquisition of knowledge from
books; as, a <i>studious</i> scholar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to thought, or to the examination of
subjects by contemplation; contemplative.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Earnest in endeavors; aiming sedulously;
attentive; observant; diligent; -- usually followed by an infinitive
or by <i>of</i>; as, be <i>studious</i> to please; <i>studious</i> to
find new friends and allies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You that are so <i>studious</i><BR>
Of my affairs, wholly neglect your own.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Planned with study; deliberate;
studied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the frigid villainy of <i>studious</i> lewdness, .
. . with apology can be invented?</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Favorable to study; suitable for thought
and contemplation; as, the <i>studious</i> shade.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>But let my due feet never fail<BR>
To walk the <i>studious</i> cloister's pale.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Stu"di*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Stu"di*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stud"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Studies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>studie</i>, L. <i>studium</i>,
akin to <i>studere</i> to study; possibly akin to Gr. &?; haste, zeal,
&?; to hasten; cf. OF. <i>estudie</i>, <i>estude</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tude</i>.  Cf. <u>Etude</u>, <u>Student</u>, <u>Studio</u>,
<u>Study</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
setting of the mind or thoughts upon a subject; hence, application of
mind to books, arts, or science, or to any subject, for the purpose of
acquiring knowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hammond . . . spent thirteen hours of the day in
<i>study</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Study</i> gives strength to the mind; conversation,
grace.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mental occupation; absorbed or thoughtful
attention; meditation; contemplation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just men they seemed, and all their <i>study</i>
bent<BR>
To worship God aright, and know his works.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any particular branch of learning that is
studied; any object of attentive consideration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Holy Scriptures, especially the New Testament, are
her daily <i>study</i>.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The proper <i>study</i> of mankind is man.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A building or apartment devoted to study or
to literary work.</def> "His cheery little <i>study</i>."
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>A representation or
rendering of any object or scene intended, not for exhibition as an
original work of art, but for the information, instruction, or
assistance of the maker; as, a <i>study</i> of heads or of hands for a
figure picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A piece for special practice.
See <u>Etude</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stud"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Studied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Studying</u> (?).] [OE. <i>studien</i>, OF. <i>estudier</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;tudier</i>. See <u>Study</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fix the mind closely upon a subject; to
dwell upon anything in thought; to muse; to ponder.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I found a moral first, and then <i>studied</i> for a
fable.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To apply the mind to books or
learning.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To endeavor diligently; to be
zealous.</def>  <i>1 Thes. iv. 11.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stud"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
apply the mind to; to read and examine for the purpose of learning and
understanding; as, to <i>study</i> law or theology; to <i>study</i>
languages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To consider attentively; to examine
closely; as, to <i>study</i> the work of nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Study</i> thyself; what rank or what degree<BR>
The wise Creator has ordained for thee.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form or arrange by previous thought; to
con over, as in committing to memory; as, to <i>study</i> a
speech.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make an object of study; to aim at
sedulously; to devote one's thoughts to; as, to <i>study</i> the
welfare of others; to <i>study</i> variety in composition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For their heart <i>studieth</i>
destruction.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxiv. 2.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Stu"fa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>stufa</i> a
stove. See <u>Stove</u>.] <def>A jet of steam issuing from a fissure
in the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estoffe</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;toffe</i>; of uncertain origin, perhaps of Teutonic origin
and akin to E. <i>stop</i>, v.t.  Cf. <u>Stuff</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Material which is to be worked
up in any process of manufacture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the <i>stuff</i> they had was sufficient for all
the work to make it, and too much.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxvi.
7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ambitions should be made of sterner
<i>stuff</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The workman on his <i>stuff</i> his skill doth
show,<BR>
And yet the <i>stuff</i> gives not the man his skill.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fundamental material of which anything
is made up; elemental part; essence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet do I hold it very <i>stuff</i> o' the
conscience<BR>
To do no contrived murder.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Woven material not made into garments;
fabric of any kind; specifically, any one of various fabrics of wool
or worsted; sometimes, worsted fiber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>stuff</i> wilt have a kirtle of?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It [the arras] was of <i>stuff</i> and silk mixed,
though, superior kinds were of silk exclusively.</blockquote> <i>F. G.
Lee.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Furniture; goods; domestic vessels or
utensils.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He took away locks, and gave away the king's
<i>stuff</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A medicine or mixture; a potion.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Refuse or worthless matter; hence, also,
foolish or irrational language; nonsense; trash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anger would indite<BR>
Such woeful <i>stuff</i> as I or Shadwell write.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A melted mass of turpentine,
tallow, etc., with which the masts, sides, and bottom of a ship are
smeared for lubrication.</def>
 <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Paper stock ground ready for use.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When partly ground, called <i>half stuff</i>.
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Clear stuff</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Clear</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Small stuff</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>all kinds of small
cordage.</cd> <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i> -- <col><b>Stuff gown</b></col>,
<cd>the distinctive garb of a junior barrister; hence, a junior
barrister himself. See <i>Silk gown</i>, under <u>Silk</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stuff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stuffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stuffing</u>.] [OE. <i>stoffen</i>; cf. OF. <i>estoffer</i>, F.
<i>&eacute;toffer</i>, to put stuff in, to stuff, to line, also, OF.
<i>estouffer</i> to stifle, F. <i>&eacute;touffer</i>; both perhaps of
Teutonic origin, and akin to E. <i>stop</i>.  Cf. <u>Stop</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Stuff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fill by crowding something into; to cram
with something; to load to excess; as, to <i>stuff</i> a
bedtick.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes this crook drew hazel bought adown,<BR>
And <i>stuffed</i> her apron wide with nuts so brown.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest the gods, for sin,<BR>
Should with a swelling dropsy <i>stuff</i> thy skin.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To thrust or crowd; to press; to
pack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put roses into a glass with a narrow mouth,
<i>stuffing</i> them close together . . . and they retain smell and
color.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fill by being pressed or packed
into.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With inward arms the dire machine they load,<BR>
And iron bowels <i>stuff</i> the dark abode.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>To fill with a seasoning
composition of bread, meat, condiments, etc.; as, to <i>stuff</i> a
turkey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To obstruct, as any of the organs; to
affect with some obstruction in the organs of sense or
respiration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'm <i>stuffed</i>, cousin; I can not
smell.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To fill the skin of, for the purpose of
preserving as a specimen; -- said of birds or other animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To form or fashion by packing with the
necessary material.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An Eastern king put a judge to death for an iniquitous
sentence, and ordered his hide to be <i>stuffed</i> into a cushion,
and placed upon the tribunal.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To crowd with facts; to cram the mind of;
sometimes, to crowd or fill with false or idle tales or
fancies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To put fraudulent votes into (a ballot
box).</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><! p. 1430 !></p>

<p><hw>Stuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To feed
gluttonously; to cram.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Taught harmless man to cram and
<i>stuff</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stuff"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, stuffs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuff"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being stuffy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuff"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is used for filling anything; as, the <i>stuffing</i>
of a saddle or cushion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>Any seasoning preparation
used to stuff meat; especially, a composition of bread, condiments,
spices, etc.; forcemeat; dressing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mixture of oil and tallow used in
softening and dressing leather.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stuffing box</b></col>, <cd>a device for rendering a joint
impervious where there is a hole through which a movable cylindrical
body, as the paston rod of a steam engine, or the plunger of a pump,
slides back and forth, or in which a shaft turns. It usually consists
of a box or chamber, made by an enlargement of part of the hole,
forming a space around the rod or shaft for containing packing which
is compressed and made to fill the space closely by means of a sleeve,
called the <i>gland</i>, which fits loosely around the rod, and is
pressed upon the packing by bolts or other means.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stuff"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Stout; mettlesome; resolute.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Angry and obstinate; sulky.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ill-ventilated; close.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stuke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stucco.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stull</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. <u>Stum</u>.] <def>A
framework of timber covered with boards to support rubbish; also, a
framework of boards to protect miners from falling stones.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Stulm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>stollen</i> a
post, a stulm, E. <i>stall</i>, <i>stand</i>.] <def>A shaft or gallery
to drain a mine.</def> [Local, Eng.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stulp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>st&omacr;lpi</i>, Dan., Sw., &amp; OD. <i>stolpe</i>.] <def>A short,
stout post used for any purpose, a to mark a boundary.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stul`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of stultifying, or the state of being stultified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stul"ti*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stultifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stul"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stultified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stultifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>stultus</i> foolish + <i>-fy</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make foolish; to make a fool of; as, to
<i>stultify</i> one by imposition; to <i>stultify</i> one's self by
silly reasoning or conduct.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To regard as a fool, or as foolish.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The modern sciolist <i>stultifies</i> all understanding
but his own, and that which he conceives like his own.</blockquote>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To allege or prove to be of
unsound mind, so that the performance of some act may be
avoided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stul*til"o*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stultiloquentia</i>; <i>stultus</i> foolish + <i>loquentia</i> a
talking, fr. <i>loquens</i>, p. pr. of <i>loqui</i> to talk.]
<def>Silly talk; babbling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stul*til"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>stultiloquus</i>. See <u>Stultiloquence</u>.] <def>Given to, or
characterized by, silly talk; babbling.</def> --
<wf>Stul*til"o*quent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stul*til"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stultiloquium</i>.] <def>Foolish talk; silly discource;
babbling.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stul"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stultus</i>
foolish.] <def>Foolish; silly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Testament of
Love.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>stom</i> must, new
wort, properly, dumb; cf. F. <i>vin muet</i> stum.  Cf.
<u>Stammer</u>, <u>Stoom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unfermented
grape juice or wine, often used to raise fermentation in dead or vapid
wines; must.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let our wines, without mixture of <i>stum</i>, be all
fine.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And with thy <i>stum</i> ferment their fainting
cause.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wine revived by new fermentation, reulting
from the admixture of must.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stummed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stumming</u>.] <def>To renew, as wine, by mixing must with it and
raising a new fermentation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>stum</i> our wines to renew their
spirits.</blockquote> <i>Floyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stumbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stumbling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>stumblen</i>, <i>stomblen</i>; freq. of
a word akin to E. <i>stammer</i>. See <u>Stammer</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To trip in walking or in moving in any way
with the legs; to strike the foot so as to fall, or to endanger a
fall; to stagger because of a false step.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>stumble</i> steeds strong and down go
all.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The way of the wicked is as darkness: they know at what
they <i>stumble</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. iv. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk in an unsteady or clumsy
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>stumbled</i> up the dark avenue.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fall into a crime or an error; to
err.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that loveth his brother abideth in the light, and
there is none occasion og <i>stumbling</i> in him.</blockquote> <i>1
John ii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To strike or happen (upon a person or
thing) without design; to fall or light by chance; -- with <i>on</i>,
<i>upon</i>, or <i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ovid <i>stumbled</i>, by some inadvertency, upon Livia
in a bath.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Forth as she waddled in the brake,<BR>
A gray goose <i>stumbled</i> on a snake.</blockquote> <i>C.
Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cause to stumble or trip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To mislead; to confound; to perplex;
to cause to err or to fall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>False and dazzling fires to <i>stumble</i>
men.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One thing more <i>stumbles</i> me in the very
foundation of this hypothesis.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
trip in walking or running.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blunder; a failure; a fall from
rectitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>stumble</i> is enough to deface the character of
an honorable life.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stumbles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stum"bling-block`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any cause
of stumbling, perplexity, or error.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We preach Christ crucified, unto the Jews a
<i>stumbling-block</i>, and unto the Greeks foolishness.</blockquote>
<i>1 Cor. i. 23.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stum"bling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
stumbling manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stum"bling-stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
stumbling-block.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>stumbling-stone</i> we hope to take
away.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stumpe</i>,
<i>stompe</i>; akin to D. <i>stomp</i>, G. <i>stumpf</i>, Icel.
<i>stumpr</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>stump</i>, and perhaps also to E.
<i>stamp</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part of a tree or plant
remaining in the earth after the stem or trunk is cut off; the
stub.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part of a limb or other body remaining
after a part is amputated or destroyed; a fixed or rooted remnant; a
stub; as, the <i>stump</i> of a leg, a finger, a tooth, or a
broom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The legs; as, to stir one's
<i>stumps</i>.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>One of the three pointed
rods stuck in the ground to form a wicket and support the
bails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A short, thick roll of leather or paper,
cut to a point, or any similar implement, used to rub down the lines
of a crayon or pencil drawing, in shading it, or for shading drawings
by producing tints and gradations from crayon, etc., in
powder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A pin in a tumbler lock which forms an
obstruction to throwing the bolt, except when the gates of the
tumblers are properly arranged, as by the key; a fence; also, a pin or
projection in a lock to form a guide for a movable piece.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Leg stump</b></col> <i>(Cricket)</i>, <cd>the stump nearest
to the batsman.</cd> -- <col><b>Off stump</b></col> <i>(Cricket)</i>,
<cd>the stump farthest from the batsman.</cd> -- <col><b>Stump
tracery</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a term used to describe late
German Gothic tracery, in which the molded bar seems to pass through
itself in its convolutions, and is then cut off short, so that a
section of the molding is seen at the end of each similar stump.</cd>
-- <col><b>To go on the stump</b></col>, or <col><b>To take the
stump</b></col>, <cd>to engage in making public addresses for
electioneering purposes; -- a phrase derived from the practice of
using a stump for a speaker's platform in newly-settled districts.
Hence also the phrases <i>stump orator</i>, <i>stump speaker</i>,
<i>stump speech</i>, <i>stump oratory</i>, etc.</cd> [Colloq.
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stump</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stumped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stumping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut off a part of; to
reduce to a stump; to lop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Around the <i>stumped</i> top soft moss did
grow.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike, as the toes, against a stone or
something fixed; to stub.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To challenge; also, to nonplus.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To travel over, delivering speeches for
electioneering purposes; as, to <i>stump</i> a State, or a district.
See <i>To go on the stump</i>, under <u>Stump</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Colloq. U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To put
(a batsman) out of play by knocking off the bail, or knocking down the
stumps of the wicket he is defending while he is off his allotted
ground; -- sometimes with <i>out</i>.</def> <i>T. Hughes.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To bowl down the stumps of, as, of a
wicket.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A herd of boys with clamor bowled,<BR>
And <i>stumped</i> the wicket.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To stump it</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To go afoot;
hence, to run away; to escape</cd>. [Slang] <i>Ld. Lytton.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To make electioneering speeches.</cd> [Colloq.
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To walk clumsily, as
if on stumps.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To stump up</b></col>, <cd>to pay cash.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stump"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Timber in standing trees, -- often sold without the land at a
fixed price per tree or per stump, the stumps being counted when the
land is cleared.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Only trees above a certain size are allowed to be cut
by loggers buying <i>stumpage</i> from the owners of
land.</blockquote> <i>C. S. Sargent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tax on the amount of timber cut,
regulated by the price of lumber.</def> [Local, U.S.]  <i>The
Nation.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stump"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who stumps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boastful person.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A puzzling or incredible story.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Stump"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being stumpy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stump"-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
short, thick tail.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stump-tailed lizard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
singular Australian scincoid lizard (<i>Trachydosaurus rugosus</i>)
having a short, thick tail resembling its head in form; -- called also
<i>sleeping lizard</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Stump"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of stumps; hard; strong.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Short and thick; stubby.</def> [Colloq.] "A
<i>stumpy</i> little man."  <i>J. C. Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stun</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stunned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stunning</u>.] [OE. <i>stonien</i>, <i>stownien</i>; either fr. AS.
<i>stunian</i> to resound (cf. D. <i>stenen</i> to groan, G.
<i>st&ouml;hnen</i>, Icel. <i>stynja</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>stan</i> to
thunder, and E. <i>thunder</i>), or from the same source as E.
<i>astonish</i>. &radic;168.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
senseless or dizzy by violence; to render senseless by a blow, as on
the head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One hung a poleax at his saddlebow,<BR>
And one a heavy mace to <i>stun</i> the foe.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dull or deaden the sensibility of; to
overcome; especially, to overpower one's sense of hearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>stunned</i> him with the music of the
spheres.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To astonish; to overpower; to
bewilder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>William was quite <i>stunned</i> at my
discourse.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stun</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of being
stunned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sting</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stunk</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Stink</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stun"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, stuns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something striking or amazing in quality;
something of extraordinary excellence.</def> [Slang]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stun"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Overpowering consciousness; overpowering the senses; especially,
overpowering the sense of hearing; confounding with noise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Striking or overpowering with astonishment,
especially on account of excellence; as, <i>stunning</i> poetry.</def>
[Slang] <i>C. Kingsley.</i> -- <wf>Stun"ning*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Stun"sail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
contraction of <u>Studding sail</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With every rag set, <i>stunsails</i>, sky scrapers and
all.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stunted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stunting</u>.] [See <u>Stint</u>.] <def>To hinder from growing to
the natural size; to prevent the growth of; to stint, to dwarf; as, to
<i>stunt</i> a child; to <i>stunt</i> a plant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When, by a cold penury, I blast the abilities of a
nation, and <i>stunt</i> the growth of its active energies, the ill or
may do is beyond all calculation.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
check in growth; also, that which has been checked in growth; a
stunted animal or thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: A whale two years old, which,
having been weaned, is lean, and yields but little blubber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stunt"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dwarfed.</def> --
<wf>Stunt"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stunt"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stuntedness;
brevity.</def> [R.]  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Stu"pa</hw> (st&oomac;"p&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>st&umacr;pa</i>.] <def>A mound or monument commemorative of
Buddha.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stu"pa</hw> (st&umacr;"p&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Stupe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stupe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stupa</i>, or
better <i>stuppa</i>, tow.  Cf. <u>Stop</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Cloth or flax dipped in warm water or medicaments
and applied to a hurt or sore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stupe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stuped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stuping</u>.] <def>To foment with a stupe.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stupe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Stupid</u>.] <def>A
stupid person.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Stu`pe*fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stupefaciens</i>, p. pr. of <i>stupefacere</i> to stupefy;
<i>stupere</i> to be stupefied + <i>facere</i> to make.  Cf.
<u>Stupefy</u>.] [Written also <i>stupifacient</i>.] <def>Producing
stupefaction; stupefactive.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Anything promoting stupefaction; a
narcotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu`pe*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stup&eacute;faction</i>. See <u>Stupefacient</u>.] <def>The act of
stupefying, or the state of being stupefied.</def> [Written also
<i>stupifaction</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Resistance of the dictates of conscience brings a
hardness and <i>stupefaction</i> upon it.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stu`pe*fac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stup&eacute;factif</i>, LL. <i>stupefactivus</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Stupefacient</u>.</def> [Written also <i>stupifactive</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Stu"pe*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having been
made stupid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"pe*fied`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being stupid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"pe*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, stupefies; a stupefying agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"pe*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stupefied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stupefying</u> (?).] [F. <i>stup&eacute;fier</i>, fr. L.
<i>stupere</i> to be stupefied + <i>ficare</i> (in comp.) to make,
akin to <i>facere</i>. See <u>Stupid</u>, <u>Fact</u>, and cf.
<u>Stupefacient</u>.] [Written also <i>stupify</i>, especially in
England.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make stupid; to make dull; to
blunt the faculty of perception or understanding in; to deprive of
sensibility; to make torpid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fumes of drink discompose and <i>stupefy</i> the
brain.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of material mobility.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is not malleable; but yet is not fluent, but
<i>stupefied</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stu*pen"dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stupendus</i> astonishing, p. future pass. of <i>stupere</i> to be
astonished at.  Cf. <u>Stupid</u>.] <def>Astonishing; wonderful;
amazing; especially, astonishing in magnitude or elevation; as, a
<i>stupendous</i> pile.</def> "A <i>stupendous</i> sum."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All are but parts of one <i>stupendous</i>
whole.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Stu*pen"dous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Stu*pen"dous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stu"pe*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stupa</i>, or
better <i>stuppa</i>, tow; cf. L. <i>stuppeus</i> made of tow.  Cf.
<u>Stupose</u>.] <def>Resembling tow; having long, loose scales, or
matted filaments, like tow; stupose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"pid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stupidus</i>, fr.
<i>stupere</i> to be stupefied: cf. F. <i>stupide</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very dull; insensible; senseless; wanting in
understanding; heavy; sluggish; in a state of stupor; -- said of
persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O that men . . . should be so <i>stupid</i> grown . . .
<BR>
As to forsake the living God!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With wild surprise,<BR>
A moment <i>stupid</i>, motionless he stood.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resulting from, or evincing, stupidity;
formed without skill or genius; dull; heavy; -- said of
things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Observe what loads of <i>stupid</i> rhymes<BR>
Oppress us in corrupted times.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Simple; insensible; sluggish; senseless; doltish;
sottish; dull; heavy; clodpated.
 -- <wf>Stu"pid*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Stu"pid*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stu*pid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stupiditas</i>: cf. F. <i>stupidit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being stupid; extreme dullness of
perception or understanding; insensibility; sluggishness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stupor; astonishment; stupefaction.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>stupidity</i><BR>
Past admiration strikes me, joined with fear.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stu"pi*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stupefy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"por</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from <i>stupere</i>
to be struck senseless.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Great diminution or
suspension of sensibility; suppression of sense or feeling;
lethargy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intellectual insensibility; moral
stupidity; heedlessness or inattention to one's interests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu*pose</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stupa</i>, or
better <i>stuppa</i>, tow.  Cf. <u>Stupeous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Composed of, or having, tufted or matted filaments like tow;
stupeous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu"prate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stupratus</i>, p. p. of <i>stuprare</i> to ravish, fr.
<i>stuprum</i> defilement.] <def>To ravish; to debauch.</def> [R.]
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stu*pra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Violation of
chastity by force; rape.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Stu"prum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Stupration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sturb</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To disturb.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stur"di*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sturdy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stur"di*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
sturdy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stur"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sturdier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sturdiest</u>.] [OE. <i>sturdi</i>
inconsiderable, OF. <i>estourdi</i> stunned, giddy, thoughtless, rash,
F. <i>&eacute;tourdi</i>, p. p. of OF. <i>estourdir</i> to stun, to
render giddy, to amaze, F. <i>&eacute;tourdir</i>; of uncertain
origin. The sense has probably been influenced by E. <i>stout</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Foolishly obstinate or resolute; stubborn;
unrelenting; unfeeling; stern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>sturdy</i> marquis gan his hearte dress<BR>
To rue upon her wifely steadfastness.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This must be done, and I would fain see<BR>
Mortal so <i>sturdy</i> as to gainsay.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sturdy</i>, hardened sinner shall advance to the
utmost pitch of impiety with less reluctance than he took the first
steps.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resolute, in a good sense; or firm,
unyielding quality; as, a man of <i>sturdy</i> piety or
patriotism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by physical strength or
force; strong; lusty; violent; as, a <i>sturdy</i> lout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How bowed the woods beneath their <i>sturdy</i>
stroke!</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Stiff; stout; strong; as, a <i>sturdy</i>
oak.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was not of any delicate contexture; his limbs rather
<i>sturdy</i> than dainty.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hardy; stout; strong; firm; robust; stiff.</p>

<p><! p. 1431 !></p>

<p><hw>Stur"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>estourdi</i>
giddiness, stupefaction.] <i>(Vet.)</i> <def>A disease in sheep and
cattle, marked by great nervousness, or by dullness and
stupor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stur"geon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>esturgeon</i>,
LL. <i>sturio</i>, <i>sturgio</i>, OHG. <i>sturjo</i>, G.
<i>st&ouml;r</i>; akin to AS. <i>styria</i>, <i>styriga</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of large
cartilaginous ganoid fishes belonging to <i>Acipenser</i> and allied
genera of the family <i>Acipenserid&aelig;</i>. They run up rivers to
spawn, and are common on the coasts and in the large rivers and lakes
of North America, Europe, and Asia. Caviare is prepared from the roe,
and isinglass from the air bladder.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common North American species are <i>Acipenser
sturio</i> of the Atlantic coast region, <i>A. transmontanus</i> of
the Pacific coast, and <i>A. rubicundus</i> of the Mississippi River
and its tributaries. In Europe, the common species is <i>Acipenser
sturio</i>, and other well-known species are the sterlet and the huso.
    The sturgeons are included in the order Chondrostei. Their body is
partially covered by five rows of large, carinated, bony plates, of
which one row runs along the back. The tail is heterocercal. The
toothless and protrusile mouth is beneath the head, and has four
barbels in front.</p>

<p><col><b>Shovel-nosed sturgeon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Shovelnose</u> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Stu`ri*o"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
LL. <i>sturio</i>. See <u>Sturgeon</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of fishes including the sturgeons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stu`ri*o"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the family of fishes of which the
sturgeon is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sturk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stirk</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Stur"noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sturnus</i> a
starling + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining
to the starlings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sturt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Start</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To vex; to annoy; to startle.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sturt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Disturbance; annoyance; care.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
"<i>Sturt</i> and care."  <i>J. Rolland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A bargain in tribute mining
by which the tributor profits.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stur"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A corruption of
<u>Nasturtion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stut</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stutter.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Stuttered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Stuttering</u>.] [Freq. of <i>stut</i>, OE.
<i>stoten</i>; probably of Dutch or Low German origin; cf. D. &amp; LG.
<i>stotteren</i>, G. <i>stottern</i>, D. <i>stooten</i> to push, to
strike; akin to G. <i>stossen</i>, Icel. <i>stauta</i>, Sw.
<i>st&ouml;ta</i>, Dan. <i>st&ouml;de</i>, Goth. <i>stautan</i>, L.
<i>tundere</i>, Skr. <i>tud</i> to thrust.  Cf. <u>Contuse</u>,
<u>Obtuse</u>.] <def>To hesitate or stumble in uttering words; to
speak with spasmodic repetition or pauses; to stammer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trembling, <i>stuttering</i>, calling for his
confessor.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of stuttering; a stammer. See <u>Stammer</u>, and
<u>Stuttering</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who stutters; a stammerer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stut"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
stutters; a stammerer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stut"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
stutters; -- restricted by some physiologists to defective speech due
to inability to form the proper sounds, the breathing being normal, as
distinguished from <i>stammering</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stut"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to stutter;
hesitating; stammering.</def> -- <wf>Stut"ter*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sties</b></plw> (&?;). [Written also <i>stigh</i>.] [AS.
<i>stigu</i>, fr. <i>st&imacr;gan</i> to rise; originally, probably, a
place into which animals climbed or went up. &radic;164. See
<u>Sty</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Steward</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pen or inclosure for swine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place of bestial debauchery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To roll with pleasure in a sensual
<i>sty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Stied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Stying</u> (?).] <def>To shut up in, or as in, a sty.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stien</i>,
<i>sti&?;en</i>, AS. <i>st&imacr;gan</i> to rise; akin to D.
<i>stijgen</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>st&imacr;gan</i>, G. <i>steigen</i>,
Icel. <i>st&imacr;ga</i>, Sw. <i>stiga</i>, Dan. <i>stige</i>, Goth.
<i>steigan</i>, L. <i>vestigium</i> footstep, Gr. &?; to walk, to go,
Skr. <i>stigh</i> to mount.  Cf. <u>Distich</u>, <u>Stair</u> steps,
<u>Stirrup</u>, <u>Sty</u> a boil, a pen for swine, <u>Vestige</u>.]
<def>To soar; to ascend; to mount. See <u>Stirrup</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With bolder wing shall dare aloft to <i>sty</i>,<BR>
To the last praises of this Faery Queene.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For older <i>styan</i>,
<i>styanye</i>, understood as <i>sty on eye</i>, AS.
<i>st&imacr;gend</i> (sc. <i>e&aacute;ge</i> eye), properly, rising,
or swelling (eye), p. p. of <i>st&imacr;gan</i> to rise. See
<u>Sty</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inflamed
swelling or boil on the edge of the eyelid.</def> [Written also
<i>stye</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sty"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sty</u>, a
boil.</def> [R.]  <i>De quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. AS.
<i>stic</i>, <i>styc</i>, <i>stycge</i>.] <def>An anglo-Saxon copper
coin of the lowest value, being worth half a farthing.</def>  <i>S. M.
Leake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty"cer*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sty</i>ryl +
gly<i>cerin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A triacid alcohol, related to
glycerin, and obtained from certain styryl derivatives as a yellow,
gummy, amorphous substance; -- called also <i>phenyl
glycerin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stye</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sty</u>, a
boil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styg"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stygian.</def>
[R.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Styg"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Stygius</i>,
fr. <i>Styx</i>, <i>Stygis</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, the Styx.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the river Styx; hence, hellish; infernal. See
<u>Styx</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At that so sudden blaze, the <i>Stygian</i> throng<BR>
Bent their aspect.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty`la*gal*ma"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
column + &?; an image.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Performing the office of
columns; as, Atlantes and Caryatides are <i>stylagalmaic</i> figures
or images.</def> [Written also <i>stylogalmaic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sty"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stilar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sty*las"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
pillar + &?; star.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of delicate, usually pink, calcareous hydroid corals of the
genus <i>Stylaster</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Style</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>stile</i>, F.
<i>style</i>, Of. also <i>stile</i>, L. <i>stilus</i> a style or
writing instrument, manner or writing, mode of expression; probably
for <i>stiglus</i>, meaning, a pricking instrument, and akin to E.
<i>stick</i>. See <u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Stiletto</u>. The spelling with <i>y</i> is due to a supposed
connection with Gr. &?; a pillar.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
instrument used by the ancients in writing on tablets covered with
wax, having one of its ends sharp, and the other blunt, and somewhat
expanded, for the purpose of making erasures by smoothing the
wax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, anything resembling the ancient
style in shape or use.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pen; an author's pen.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sharp-pointed tool used in engraving; a
graver.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A kind of blunt-pointed surgical
instrument.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A long, slender,
bristlelike process, as the anal <i>styles</i> of insects.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> [Perhaps fr. Gr. &?; a pillar.] <def>The pin,
or gnomon, of a dial, the shadow of which indicates the hour. See
<u>Gnomon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> [Probably fr. Gr. &?; a pillar.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The elongated part of a pistil between the ovary and the stigma.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Stamen</u>, and of <u>Pistil</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mode of expressing thought in language,
whether oral or written; especially, such use of language in the
expression of thought as exhibits the spirit and faculty of an artist;
choice or arrangement of words in discourse; rhetorical
expression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>High <i>style</i>, as when that men to kinges
write.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Style</i> is the dress of thoughts.</blockquote>
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Proper words in proper places make the true definition
of <i>style</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>style</i> alone by which posterity will judge
of a great work.</blockquote> <i>I. Disraeli.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mode of presentation, especially in music
or any of the fine arts; a characteristic of peculiar mode of
developing in idea or accomplishing a result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ornamental <i>style</i> also possesses its own
peculiar merit.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Conformity to a recognized standard; manner
which is deemed elegant and appropriate, especially in social
demeanor; fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>According to the usual <i>style</i> of
dedications.</blockquote> <i>C. Middleton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Mode or phrase by which anything is
formally designated; the title; the official designation of any
important body; mode of address; as, the <i>style</i> of
Majesty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>style</i> to a gracious benefactor, another to a
proud, insulting foe.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Chron.)</i> <def>A mode of reckoning time,
with regard to the Julian and Gregorian calendars.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Style</i> is <i>Old</i> or <i>New</i>. The <i>Old</i>
Style follows the Julian manner of computing the months and days, or
the calendar as established by Julius C&aelig;sar, in which every
fourth year consists of 366 days, and the other years of 365 days.
This is about 11 minutes in a year too much. Pope Georgy XIII.
reformed the calendar by retrenching 10 days in October, 1582, in
order to bring back the vernal equinox to the same day as at the time
of the Council of Nice, <u>a. d.</u> 325. This reformation was adopted
by act of the British Parliament in 1751, by which act 11 days in
September, 1752, were retrenched, and the third day was reckoned the
fourteenth. This mode of reckoning is called <i>New</i> Style,
according to which every year divisible by 4, unless it is divisible
by 100 without being divisible by 400, has 366 days, and any other
year 365 days.</p>

<p><col><b>Style of court</b></col>, <cd>the practice or manner
observed by a court in its proceedings.</cd> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diction; phraseology; manner; course; title. See
<u>Diction</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Style</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Styled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Styling</u>.] <def>To entitle; to term, name, or call; to
denominate.</def> "<i>Styled</i> great conquerors."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How well his worth and brave adventures
<i>styled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To call; name; denominate; designate; term;
characterize.</p>

<p><hw>Sty"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>style</i>; cf. It. <i>stiletto</i>. See <u>Stiletto</u>.] <def>A
small poniard; a stiletto.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
instrument for examining wounds and fistulas, and for passing setons,
and the like; a probe, -- called also <i>specillum</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A stiff wire, inserted in catheters or other
tubular instruments to maintain their shape and prevent
clogging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small, more or less
rigid, bristlelike organ; as, the caudal <i>stylets</i> of certain
insects; the ventral <i>stylets</i> of certain Infusoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Style</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing one or more
styles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Style</i> + <i>-
form</i>: cf. F. <i>styliforme</i>.] <def>Having the form of, or
resembling, a style, pin, or pen; styloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styl"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having style or
artistic quality; given to, or fond of, the display of style; highly
fashionable; modish; as, a <i>stylish</i> dress, house, manner.</def>
-- <wf>Styl"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Styl"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Styl"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is a master or
a model of style, especially in writing or speaking; a critic of
style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Distinguished as a <i>stylist</i>, for
ease.</blockquote> <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty*lis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to style in language.</def> [R.] "<i>Stylistic</i>
trifles."  <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The great <i>stylistic</i> differences in the works
ascribed to him [Wyclif].</blockquote> <i>G. P. Marsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sty"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a
pillar.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a sect of anchorites in the
early church, who lived on the tops of pillars for the exercise of
their patience; -- called also <i>pillarist</i> and <i>pillar
saint</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"lo-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to
indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the styloid
process of the temporal bone</i>; as, <i>stylo</i>hyal,
<i>stylo</i>mastoid, <i>stylo</i>maxillary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"lo*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>stylobates</i>, <i>stylobata</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; a pillar + &?; one
that treads, fr. &?; to go.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The uninterrupted and
continuous flat band, coping, or pavement upon which the bases of a
row of columns are supported. See <u>Sub-base</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*glos"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Stylo-</i> +
<i>glossal</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to styloid
process and the tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"lo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stylographic
pen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to stylography; used in
stylography; as, <i>stylographic</i> tablets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or used in, stylographic
pen; as, <i>stylographic</i> ink.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stylographic pen</b></col>, <cd>a pen with a conical point
like that of a style, combined with a reservoir for supplying it with
ink.</cd> -- <col><b>Stylographic pencil</b></col>, <cd>a pencil used
in stylography.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Stylographic</u>, 1.</def> -- <wf>Sty`lo*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sty*log"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Style</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A mode of writing or tracing lines by means of a
style on cards or tablets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*hy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Stylo-</i> +
the Gr. letter &?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A segment in the hyoidean
arch between the epihyal and tympanohyal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the styloid process and the hyoid
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Style</i> + <i>-
oid</i>: cf. F. <i>stylo&iuml;de</i>, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Styliform; as, the <i>styloid</i> process.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
styloid process.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Styloid process</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a long and
slender process from the lower side of the temporal bone of man,
corresponding to the tympanohyal and stylohyal of other
animals.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*mas"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the styloid and mastoid processes of the
temporal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty`lo*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the styloid process and the
maxilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty*lom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; column +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring columns.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sty*lom"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a pillar + &?;, &?;, the eye.] <def>Same as
<u>Stylommatophora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sty*lom`ma*toph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; column + &?; eye + &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of Pulmonata in which the eyes are situated at the
tips of the tentacles. It includes the common land snails and slugs.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Snail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty*lom`ma*toph"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
Stylommatophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sty`lo*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stylopodia</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Style</u>, and
<u>Podium</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An expansion at the base of the
style, as in umbelliferous plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sty"lops</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
pillar + &?;, &?;, the eye.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
minute insects parasitic, in their larval state, on bees and wasps. It
is the typical genus of the group Strepsiptera, formerly considered a
distinct order, but now generally referred to the Coleoptera. See
<u>Strepsiptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sty"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>stylus</i>, or
better <i>stilus</i>.] <def>An instrument for writing. See
<u>Style</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styph"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of styphnic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styph"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. (spurious)
<grk>sty`fein</grk> to contract.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to,
or designating, a yellow crystalline astringent acid,
(NO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>.C<sub>6</sub>H.(OH)<sub>2</sub>, obtained
by the action of nitric acid on resorcin. <i>Styphnic acid</i>
resembles picric acid, but is not bitter. It acts like a strong
dibasic acid, having a series of well defined salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styp"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>stypticus</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to contract.] <def>Producing contraction; stopping
bleeding; having the quality of restraining hemorrhage when applied to
the bleeding part; astringent.</def> [Written also
<i>stiptic</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Styptic weed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American
leguminous herb (<i>Cassia occidentalis</i>) closely related to the
wild senna.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Styp"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
styptic medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styp"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Styptic;
astringent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styp*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>stypticit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being styptic;
astringency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styr"a*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Styrax</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline tasteless substance extracted
from gum storax, and consisting of a salt of cinnamic acid with
cinnamic alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>styrax</i>,
<i>storax</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Storax</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs and trees, mostly American or
Asiatic, abounding in resinous and aromatic substances. <i>Styrax
officinalis</i> yields storax, and <i>S. Benzoin</i> yields
benzoin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Storax</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"rol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Styr</i>ax + L.
<i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Styrolene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"ro*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>8</sub>, obtained
by the distillation of storax, by the decomposition of cinnamic acid,
and by the condensation of acetylene, as a fragrant, aromatic, mobile
liquid; -- called also <i>phenyl ethylene</i>, <i>vinyl benzene</i>,
<i>styrol</i>, <i>styrene</i>, and <i>cinnamene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sty"rone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white crystalline substance having a sweet taste and a hyacinthlike
odor, obtained by the decomposition of styracin; -- properly called
<i>cinnamic, or styryl, alcohol</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1432 !></p>

<p><hw>Sty"ryl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Styr</i>ax + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical found in certain
derivatives of styrolene and cinnamic acid; -- called also
<i>cinnyl</i>, or <i>cinnamyl</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stythe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Choke damp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Styth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Stithy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Styx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The principal river of the lower world,
which had to be crossed in passing to the regions of the
dead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Liability to be sued; the state of being subjected by law to
civil process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Capable of being sued; subject by law to be called to answer in
court.</def>  <i>Story.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suade</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>suadere</i>.]
<def>To persuade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suad"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suadibilis</i>.] <def>Suasible.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (James iii.
17).</i></p>

<p><hw>Suage</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To assuage.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sue</u> to
pursue.] <def>Spread equally over the surface; uniform; even.</def>
[Written also <i>suent</i>.] [Local, U.S. &amp; Prov. Eng.] --
<wf>Su"ant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Local, U.S. &amp; Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sua"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>suadere</i>,
<i>suasum</i>, to persuade.] <def>Capable of being persuaded; easily
persuaded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sua"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suasio</i>, fr.
<i>suadere</i>, <i>suasum</i>, to advise, persuade, fr. <i>suadus</i>
persuading, persuasive; akin to <i>suavis</i> sweet: cf. OF.
<i>suasion</i>. See <u>Suave</u>, and cf. <u>Dissuade</u>,
<u>Persuade</u>.] <def>The act of persuading; persuasion; as, moral
<i>suasion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sua"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power to
persuade; persuasive; suasory.</def> <i>South.</i> "Genial and
<i>suasive</i> satire." <i>Earle.</i> -- <wf>Sua"sive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sua"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>suasorius</i>:
cf. F. <i>suasoire</i>.] <def>Tending to persuade; suasive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suave</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>suavis</i> sweet,
pleasant: cf. F. <i>suave</i>. See <u>Sweet</u>, and cf.
<u>Suasion</u>.] <def>Sweet; pleasant; delightful; gracious or
agreeable in manner; bland.</def> -- <wf>Suave"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suav"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suavified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suavifying</u> (?).] [<i>Suave</i> + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To make
affable or suave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sua*vil"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suaviloquens</i>; <i>suavis</i> sweet + <i>loquens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>loqui</i> to speak.] <def>Sweetly speaking; using agreeable
speech.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sua*vil"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suaviloquium</i>.] <def>Sweetness of speech.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Suav"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suavitas</i>:
cf. F. <i>suavit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sweetness to
the taste.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being sweet or pleasing to
the mind; agreeableness; softness; pleasantness; gentleness; urbanity;
as, <i>suavity</i> of manners; <i>suavity</i> of language,
conversation, or address.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub-</hw> (?). [L. <i>sub</i> under, below; akin to Gr. &?;,
Skr. <i>upa</i> to, on, under, over.  Cf. <u>Hypo-</u>, <u>Super-
</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prefix signifying <i>under</i>,
<i>below</i>, <i>beneath</i>, and hence often, <i>in an inferior
position</i> or <i>degree</i>, <i>in an imperfect</i> or <i>partial
state</i>, as in <i>sub</i>scribe, <i>sub</i>struct, <i>sub</i>serve,
<i>sub</i>ject, <i>sub</i>ordinate, <i>sub</i>acid,
<i>sub</i>astringent, <i>sub</i>granular, <i>sub</i>orn. <i>Sub-</i>
in Latin compounds often becomes <i>sum-</i> before <i>m</i>,
<i>sur</i> before <i>r</i>, and regularly becomes <i>suc-</i>, <i>suf-
</i>, <i>sug-</i>, and <i>sup-</i> before <i>c</i>, <i>f</i>,
<i>g</i>, and <i>p</i> respectively. Before <i>c</i>, <i>p</i>, and
<i>t</i> it sometimes takes form <i>sus-</i> (by the dropping of
<i>b</i> from a collateral form, <i>subs-</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix denoting that the
ingredient (of a compound) signified by the term to which it is
prefixed,is present in <i>only a small proportion</i>, or <i>less than
the normal amount</i>; as, <i>sub</i>sulphide, <i>sub</i>oxide, etc.
Prefixed to the name of a salt it is equivalent to <i>basic</i>; as,
<i>sub</i>acetate or <i>basic</i> acetate.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate; a
subaltern.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subacidus</i>.
See <u>Sub-</u>, <u>Acid</u>.] <def>Moderately acid or sour; as, some
plants have <i>subacid</i> juices.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A substance moderately acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ac"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moderalely acrid
or harsh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`a*cro"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated beneath the acromial process of the scapula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>subactus</i>,
p. p. of <i>subigere</i> to subdue; <i>sub</i> under + <i>agere</i> to
lead, bring.] <def>To reduce; to subdue.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>subactio</i> a working up, discipline.] <def>The act of reducing to
any state, as of mixing two bodies combletely.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`a*cute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moderalely
acute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`a*dun"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Somewhat hooked or curved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ad"vo*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under or
subordinate advocate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`a*&euml;"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beneath
the sky; in the open air; specifically <i>(Geol.)</i>, taking place on
the earth's surface, as opposed to <i>subaqueous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*a"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
agency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*a"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
person employed by an agent to transact the whole, or a part, of the
business intrusted to the latter.</def>  <i>Bouvier. Chitty.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ag`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subagitatio</i>, fr. <i>subagitare</i> to lie with illicity.]
<def>Unlawful sexual intercourse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Su"bah</hw> (s&oomac;"b&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. &
Hind. <i>s&umacr;bah</i>.] <def>A province; a government, as of a
viceroy; also, a subahdar.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Su"bah*dar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. &amp; Hind.
<i>s&umacr;bah-d&amacr;r</i>, Per. <i>s&umacr;bah</i> a province +
<i>d&amacr;r</i> holding, keeping.] <def>A viceroy; a governor of a
subah; also, a native captain in the British native army.</def>
[India]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Su"bah*dar`y</hw> (?), <hw>Su"bah*ship</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or jurisdiction of a
subahdar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*aid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To aid
secretly; to assist in a private manner, or indirectly.</def> [R.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*al"mon*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under
almoner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*al"pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subalpinus</i>.] <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Inhabiting the
somewhat high slopes and summits of mountains, but considerably below
the snow line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*al"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>subalterne</i>, LL. <i>subalternus</i>, fr. L. <i>sub</i> under +
<i>alter</i> the one, the other of two. See <u>Alter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ranked or ranged below; subordinate; inferior;
specifically <i>(Mil.)</i>, ranking as a junior officer; being below
the rank of captain; as, a <i>subaltern</i> officer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Asserting only a part of
what is asserted in a related proposition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subaltern genus</b></col>. <i>(Logic)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Genus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*al"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person holding a subordinate position; specifically, a
commissioned military officer below the rank of captain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A subaltern
proposition.</def>  <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`al*ter"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>A universal proposition. See <u>Subaltern</u>, 2.</def>
<i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`al*ter"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Succeeding by turns; successive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Subordinate; subaltern; inferior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All their <i>subalternate</i> and several
kinds.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`al*ter"nate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>A particular proposition, as opposed to a universal one. See
<u>Subaltern</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*al"ter*na`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subalternate; successive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*al"ter*na`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being subalternate; succession of turns;
subordination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*an"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slightly
angular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ap"en*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Under, or at
the foot of, the Apennine mountains; -- applied, in geology, to a
series of Tertiary strata of the older Pliocene period.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ap"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being under
the apex; of or pertaining to the part just below the apex.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`a*qua"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subaquaneus</i>; <i>sub + aqua</i> water.] <def>Subaqueous.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub`a*quat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*a"que*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being under water, or
beneath the surface of water; adapted for use under water; submarine;
as, a <i>subaqueous</i> helmet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Formed in or under water;
as, <i>subaqueous</i> deposits.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub`a*rach"noid</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*ar`ach*noid"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the arachnoid
membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*arc"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Approximately
arctic; belonging to a region just without the arctic
circle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*ar"cu*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*ar"cu*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a figure resembling that of a bow;
somewhat curved or arched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ar*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + L. <i>arra</i>, <i>arrha</i>, earnest money. See <u>Earnest</u>
a pledge.] <def>The ancient custom of betrothing by the bestowal, on
the part of the man, of marriage gifts or tokens, as money, rings, or
other presents, upon the woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`a*ryt"e*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the arytenoid cartilage of the larynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*as"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beneath the
stars or heavens; terrestrial.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`as*trin"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
astringent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*at"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
hypothetical component of a chemical atom, on the theory that the
elements themselves are complex substances; -- called also
<i>atomicule</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sub*aud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subaudire</i>, <i>subauditum</i>; <i>sub</i> under + <i>audire</i>
to hear.] <def>To understand or supply in an ellipsis.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`au*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subauditio</i>.] <def>The act of understanding, or supplying,
something not expressed; also, that which is so understood or
supplied.</def>  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ax"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the axilla, or
armpit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Placed under the axil, or
angle formed by the branch of a plant with the stem, or a leaf with
the branch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ba"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Near the base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"-base`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>The lowest member of a base when divided horizontally, or of a
baseboard, pedestal, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"-bass`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The
deepest pedal stop, or the lowest tones of an organ; the fundamental
or ground bass.</def> [Written also <i>sub-base</i>.]
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*bea"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under
beadle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*brach"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the subbrachians.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sub*brach`i*a"les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sub-</u>, and <u>Brachial</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of soft-finned fishes in which the ventral fins are situated beneath
the pectorial fins, or nearly so.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*brach"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + <i>brachium</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Subbrachiales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"breed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A race or strain differing in certain characters from the parent
breed; an incipient breed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*bron"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the bronchi; as, the
<i>subbronchial</i> air sacs of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cal"i*ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Smaller than
the caliber of a firearm.</def> [Written also <i>subcalibre</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Subcaliber projectile</b></col>, <cd>a projectile having a
smaller diameter than the caliber of the arm from which it is fired,
and to which it is fitted by means of a sabot.</cd> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*car`bon*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the lowest division of the
Carboniferous formations underlying the proper coal measures. It was a
marine formation characterized in general by beds of limestone.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Subcarboniferous period or
formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*car"bu*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>United with, or containing, carbon in less than the normal
proportion.</def> [Written also <i>subcarburetted</i>.] [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*car`ti*lag"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated under or beneath a
cartilage or cartilages.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Partially
cartilaginous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cau"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the tail; as, the
<i>subcaudal</i>, or chevron, bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ce*les"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
beneath the heavens; as, <i>subcelestial</i> glories.</def>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cen"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Under the center.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nearly central; not quite
central.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*chant"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>An underchanter; a precentor's deputy in a cathedral; a
succentor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cir"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
circular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"class`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
natural groups, more important than an order, into which some classes
are divided; as, the angiospermous <i>subclass</i> of
exogens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cla"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-</i>
+ L. <i>clavis</i> a key. See <u>Clavicle</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the clavicle, or collar bone; as, the
<i>subclavian</i> arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`co*lum"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Having an imperfect or interrupted columnar structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`com*mit"tee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under
committee; a part or division of a committee.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet by their sequestrators and <i>subcommittees</i>
abroad . . . those orders were commonly disobeyed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`com*pressed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not fully
compressed; partially or somewhat compressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con"cave</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slightly
concave.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`con*form"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Partially conformable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slightly
conical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con`junc*ti"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the conjunctiva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con"scious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Occurring without the possibility or the fact
of an attendant consciousness; -- said of states of the
soul.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Partially conscious; feebly
conscious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con`stel*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A subordinate constellation.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con"tract</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contract
under, or subordinate to, a previous contract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`con*tract"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contracted after a former contract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Betrothed for the second time.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`con*tract"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
takes a portion of a contract, as for work, from the principal
contractor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con"tra*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contrary in an inferior degree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Having, or being in, a
contrary order; -- said of a section of an oblique cone having a
circular base made by a plane not parallel to the base, but so
inclined to the axis that the section is a circle; applied also to two
similar triangles when so placed as to have a common angle at the
vertex, the opposite sides not being parallel.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Denoting the relation of
opposition between the <i>particular affirmative</i> and <i>particular
negative</i>. Of these both may be true and only one can be
false.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con"tra*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subcontraries</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A
subcontrary proposition; a proposition inferior or contrary in a lower
degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cor"a*coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the coracoid process of the scapula; as, the
<i>subcoracoid</i> dislocation of the humerus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cor"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
cordate; somewhat like a heart in shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cor"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated under a horny part or layer.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Partially horny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cos"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated below the costas, or ribs; as, the
<i>subcostal</i> muscles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>subcostal</i> muscles are distinct from, and within,
the <i>intercostal</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*cos"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A subcostal muscle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the principal
nervures of the wings of an insect. It is situated next beneath or
behind the costal. See <u>Nervure</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cra"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the cranium;
facial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`crus*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Occurring
beneath a crust or scab; as, a <i>subcrustaceous</i>
cicatrization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*crys"tal*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperfectly crystallized.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*cul"trate</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*cul"tra*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a form resembling
that of a colter, or straight on one side and curved on the
other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`cu*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated
under the skin; hypodermic.</def> -- <wf>Sub`cu*ta"ne*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Subcutaneous operation</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>an
operation performed without opening that part of the skin opposite to,
or over, the internal section.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Sub`cu*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the cuticle, or scarfskin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub`cy*lin"dric*al</hw> (?), <hw>Sub`cy*lin"dric</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imperfectly cylindrical; approximately
cylindrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*dea"con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-</i> +
<i>deacon</i>: cf. L. <i>subdiaconus</i>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One
belonging to an order in the Roman Catholic Church, next interior to
the order of deacons; also, a member of a minor order in the Greek
Church.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*dea"con*ry</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*dea"con*ship</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The order or office of
subdeacon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"dean`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-</i> +
<i>dean</i>: cf. F. <i>sousdoyen</i>.] <def>An under dean; the deputy
or substitute of a dean.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*dean"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Office or
rank of subdean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*dec"a*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a subdean or subdeanery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*dec"u*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
one part of ten.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*del"e*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
subordinate delegate, or one with inferior powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*del"e*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
appoint to act as subdelegate, or as a subordinate; to
depete.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*dent"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Indented
beneath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`de*part"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
subordinate department; a bureau. See the Note under
<u>Bureau</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1433 !></p>

<p><hw>Sub`de*pos"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
deposited beneath something else.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`der*i*so"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>sub-</i> + L. <i>derisorius</i>. See <u>Derisory</u>.]
<def>Ridiculing with moderation.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`de*riv"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word
derived from a derivative, and not directly from the root; as,
"friendliness" is a <i>subderivative</i>, being derived from
"friendly", which is in turn a derivative from "friend."</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*ac"o*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a subdeacon, or to the office or rank of a
subdeacon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*ac"o*nate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
rank of a subdeacon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*di"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subdialis</i>
in the open air.] <def>Of or pertaining to the open air; being under
the open sky.</def> [R.]  <i>N. Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*di"a*lect</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
dialect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*chot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
subordinate, or inferior, division into parts; a subdivision.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many <i>subdichatomies</i> of petty
schisms.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*lat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partially
dilated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subdititius</i>, <i>subditicius</i>, fr. <i>subdere</i> to
substitute.] <def>Put secretly in the place of something else; foisted
in.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*ver"si*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
diversify aggain what is already diversified.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*vide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subdivided</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subdividing</u>.] [L. <i>subdividere</i>, <i>sub</i>
under + <i>dividere</i> to divide. See <u>Divide</u>.] <def>To divide
the parts of (anything) into more parts; to part into smaller
divisions; to divide again, as what has already been
divided.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The progenies of Cham and Japhet swarmed into colonies,
and those colonies were <i>subdivided</i> into many
others.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*vide"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be, or to
become, subdivided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*vine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of
divinity; divine in a partial or lower degree.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*vis"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Susceptible of subdivision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`di*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subdivisio</i>: cf. F. <i>subdivision</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of subdividing, or separating a part into smaller
parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A part of a thing made by
subdividing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the decimal table, the <i>subdivision</i> of the
cubit, as span, palm, and digit, are deduced from the shorter
cubit.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"do*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subdolus</i>,
<i>sub + dolus</i> deceit.] <def>Sly; crafty; cunning; artful.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*dom"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The fourth tone above, or fifth below, the tonic; -- so called as
being under the dominant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*du"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Able to be
subdued.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*du"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
subduing.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*duce"</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*duct"</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [L. <i>subducere</i>, <i>subductum</i>; <i>sub</i> under
+ <i>ducere</i> to lead, to draw. See <u>Duke</u>, and cf.
<u>Subdue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To withdraw; to take
away.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subtract by arithmetical operation; to
deduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If, out of that infinite multitude of antecedent
generations, we should <i>subduce</i> ten.</blockquote> <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subductio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of subducting or
taking away.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Arithmetical subtraction.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*due"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subdued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subduing</u>.] [OE. <i>soduen</i>, OF. <i>sosduire</i> to seduce,
L. <i>subtus</i> below (fr. <i>sub</i> under) + <i>ducere</i> to lead.
See <u>Duke</u>, and cf. <u>Subduct</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bring under; to conquer by force or the exertion of superior power,
and bring into permanent subjection; to reduce under dominion; to
vanquish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>subdue</i> all thine enemies.</blockquote>
<i>1 Chron. xvii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To overpower so as to disable from further
resistance; to crush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing could have <i>subdued</i> nature<BR>
To such a lowness, but his unkind daughters.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If aught . . . were worthy to <i>subdue</i><BR>
The soul of man.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To destroy the force of; to overcome; as,
medicines <i>subdue</i> a fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To render submissive; to bring under
command; to reduce to mildness or obedience; to tame; as, to
<i>subdue</i> a stubborn child; to <i>subdue</i> the temper or
passions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To overcome, as by persuasion or other mild
means; as, to <i>subdue</i> opposition by argument or
entreaties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to tenderness; to melt; to
soften; as, to <i>subdue</i> ferocity by tears.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To make mellow; to break, as land; also, to
destroy, as weeds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To reduce the intensity or degree of; to
tone down; to soften; as, to <i>subdue</i> the brilliancy of
colors.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conquer; overpower; overcome; surmount; vanquish.
See <u>Conquer</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*dued"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Conquered; overpowered; crushed; submissive; mild.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not glaring in color; soft in
tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*due"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Subdual.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*du"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, subdues; a conqueror.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*dul"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub</i> +
L. <i>dulcis</i> sweet.] <def>Somewhat sweet; sweetish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub"du*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Indicating one part of two; in the ratio of one to two.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subduple ratio</b></col>, <cd>the ratio of 1 to 2: thus,
3:6 is a <i>subduple ratio</i>, as 6:3 is a <i>duple
ratio</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*du"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Expressed by the square root; -- said of ratios.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subduplicate ratio</b></col>, <cd>the ratio of the square
roots, or the square root of a ratio; thus, the <i>subduplicate
ratio</i> of <i>a</i> to <i>b</i> is &radic;<i>a</i> to
&radic;<i>b</i>, or &radic;<fract><i>a</i>/<i>b</i></fract>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*du"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the dura mater, or between the dura mater and the
arachnoid membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ed"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assistant
editor, as of a periodical or journal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`e*lon"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not fully
elongated; somewhat elongated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*en`do*car"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the endocardium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*en"dy*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
endyma</i>.] <def>Situated under the endyma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ep`i*der"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated
immediately below the epidermis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ep`i*glot"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the epiglottis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ep`i*the"li*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the epithelium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*e"qual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
equal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ber*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sub&eacute;rate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of suberic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*be"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subereus</i>
of the cork tree.] <def>Of or pertaining to cork; of the nature of
cork; suberose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*ber"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>suber</i> the
cork tree: cf. F. <i>sub&eacute;reque</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to cork; specifically, designating an acid,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>.(CO<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>2</sub>, homologous
with oxalic acid, and obtained from cork and certain fatty oils, as a
white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ber*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suber</i> the
cork tree: cf. F. <i>sub&eacute;rine</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
material found in the cell walls of cork. It is a modification of
lignin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ber*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suber</i> the
cork tree.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any sponge of the genus
<i>Suberites</i> and allied genera. These sponges have a fine and
compact texture, and contain minute siliceous spicules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ber*one</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hypothetical ketone of suberic
acid.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A colorless liquid, analogous
suberone proper, having a pleasant peppermint odor. It is obtained by
the distillation of calcium suberate.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su"ber*ose`</hw> (?), <hw>Su"ber*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>suber</i> the cork tree: cf. F.
<i>sub&eacute;reux</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a corky
texture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*e`so*phag"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated beneath the esophagus.</def>
[Written also <i>sub&oelig;sophageal</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Subesophageal ganglion</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
large special ganglion situated beneath the esophagus of arthropods,
annelids, and some other invertebrates.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*fam"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>One of the subdivisions, of more importance than genus, into
which certain families are divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*fi"brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
fibrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*fus"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subfuscus</i>, <i>suffuscus</i>. See <u>Sub-</u>, and
<u>Fuscous</u>.] <def>Duskish; moderately dark; brownish;
tawny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*fusk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subfuscous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ge*lat"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperfectly or partially gelatinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ge*ner"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a subgenus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ge"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subgenera</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A subdivision
of a genus, comprising one or more species which differ from other
species of the genus in some important character or characters; as,
the azaleas now constitute a <i>subgenus</i> of
Rhododendron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*gla"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining or
belonging to the under side of a glacier; being beneath a glacier; as,
<i>subglacial</i> streams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`glo*bose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not quite
globose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*glob"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
globular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*glos"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the tongue; sublingual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*glot"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated below the glottis; -- applied to that part of the cavity
of the larynx below the true vocal cords.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`glu*ma"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
glumaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*gov"ern*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
subordinate or assistant governor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*gran"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
granular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"group`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
subdivision of a group, as of animals.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`has*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subhastatio</i>.] <def>A public sale or auction.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`he*pat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the liver; -- applied
to the interlobular branches of the portal vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`horn*blend"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Containing hornblende in a scattered state; of or relating to
rocks containing disseminated hornblende.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*hu"mer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Sub-
</u>, <u>Humerus</u>.] <def>To place the shoulders under; to
bear.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing surer ties a friend than freely to
<i>subhumerate</i> the burden which was his.</blockquote>
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*hy"a*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the hyaliod membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`hy*oid"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat. &
Med.)</i> <def>Situated or performed beneath the hyoid bone; as,
<i>subhyoidean</i> laryngotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sub`i*ma"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Sub-
</u>, and <u>Imago</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A stage in the
development of certain insects, such as the May flies, intermediate
between the pupa and imago. In this stage, the insect is able to fly,
but subsequently sheds a skin before becoming mature. Called also
<i>pseudimago</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in`cu*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>sub</i> + L. <i>incusatio</i> accusation, fr. <i>incusare</i> to
accuse.] <def>A slight charge or accusation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in"dex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subindices</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A number or
mark placed opposite the lower part of a letter or symbol to
distinguish the symbol; thus, <i>a</i><subs>0</subs>,
<i>b</i><subs>1</subs>, <i>c</i><subs>2</subs>,
<i>x</i><subs>n</subs>, have 0, 1, 2, and <i>n</i> as
<i>subindices</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub
+ indicate</i>: cf. L. <i>subindicare</i>.] <def>To indicate by signs
or hints; to indicate imperfectly.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of indicating by signs; a slight indication.</def> [R.] "The
<i>subindication</i> and shadowing of heavenly things."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in`di*vid"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
division of that which is individual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An individual can not branch itself into
<i>subindividuals</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`in*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
insinuate; to offer indirectly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir E.
Dering.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`in*fer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
infer from an inference already made.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in`feu*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The granting of lands by inferior lords to
their dependents, to be held by themselves by feudal tenure.</def>
<i>Craig.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Subordinate tenancy;
undertenancy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The widow is immediate tenant to the heir, by a kind of
<i>subinfeudation</i>, or undertenancy.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`in*gres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Secret
entrance.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`in*tes"ti*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the
intestine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*in`vo*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Partial
or incomplete involution; as, <i>subinvolution</i> of the
uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`i*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subitaneus</i>. See <u>Sudden</u>.] <def>Sudden; hasty.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Bullokar.</i> -- <wf>Sub`i*ta"ne*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub"i*ta*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subitaneous;
sudden; hasty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Su"bi*to</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It. &amp; L.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In haste; quickly; rapidly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ja"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subjacens</i>, p. pr. of <i>subjacere</i> to lie under; <i>sub</i>
under + <i>jacere</i> to lie.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lying under or
below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being in a lower situation, though not
directly beneath; as, hills and <i>subjacent</i> valleys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ject"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>suget</i>, OF.
<i>souzget</i>, <i>sougit</i> (in which the first part is L.
<i>subtus</i> below, fr. <i>sub</i> under), <i>subgiet</i>,
<i>subject</i>, F. <i>sujet</i>, from L. <i>subjectus</i> lying under,
subjected, p. p. of <i>subjicere</i>, <i>subicere</i>, to throw, lay,
place, or bring under; <i>sub</i> under + <i>jacere</i> to throw. See
<u>Jet</u> a shooting forth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Placed or
situated under; lying below, or in a lower situation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Placed under the power of another;
specifically <i>(International Law)</i>, owing allegiance to a
particular sovereign or state; as, Jamaica is <i>subject</i> to Great
Britain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Esau was never <i>subject</i> to Jacob.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exposed; liable; prone; disposed; as, a
country <i>subject</i> to extreme heat; men <i>subject</i> to
temptation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All human things are <i>subject</i> to
decay.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Obedient; submissive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put them in mind to be <i>subject</i> to
principalities.</blockquote> <i>Titus iii. 1.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Liable; subordinate; inferior; obnoxious; exposed.
See <u>Liable</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*ject"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>subjectus</i>,
through an old form of F. <i>sujet</i>. See <u>Subject</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is placed
under the authority, dominion, control, or influence of something
else.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: One who is under the
authority of a ruler and is governed by his laws; one who owes
allegiance to a sovereign or a sovereign state; as, a <i>subject</i>
of Queen Victoria; a British <i>subject</i>; a <i>subject</i> of the
United States.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Was never <i>subject</i> longed to be a king,<BR>
As I do long and wish to be a <i>subject</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>subject</i> must obey his prince, because God
commands it, human laws require it.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In international law, the term <i>subject</i> is convertible
with <i>citizen</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is subjected, or submitted to,
any physical operation or process; specifically <i>(Anat.)</i>, a dead
body used for the purpose of dissection.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is brought under thought or
examination; that which is taken up for discussion, or concerning
which anything is said or done.</def> "This <i>subject</i> for heroic
song."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Make choice of a <i>subject</i>, beautiful and noble,
which . . . shall afford an ample field of matter wherein to
expatiate.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The unhappy <i>subject</i> of these
quarrels.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The person who is treated of; the hero of a
piece; the chief character.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Writers of particular lives . . . are apt to be
prejudiced in favor of their <i>subject</i>.</blockquote> <i>C.
Middleton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Logic &amp; Gram.)</i> <def>That of which
anything is affirmed or predicated; the theme of a proposition or
discourse; that which is spoken of; as, the nominative case is the
<i>subject</i> of the verb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>subject</i> of a proposition is that concerning
which anything is affirmed or denied.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That in which any quality, attribute, or
relation, whether spiritual or material, inheres, or to which any of
these appertain; substance; substratum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which manifests its qualities -- in other words,
that in which the appearing causes inhere, that to which they belong -
- is called their <i>subject</i> or substance, or
substratum.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Hence, that substance or being which is
conscious of its own operations; the mind; the thinking agent or
principal; the ego.  Cf. <u>Object</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The philosophers of mind have, in a manner, usurped and
appropriated this expression to themselves. Accordingly, in their
hands, the phrases <i>conscious</i> or <i>thinking subject</i>, and
<i>subject</i>, mean precisely the same thing.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The principal theme, or
leading thought or phrase, on which a composition or a movement is
based.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earliest known form of <i>subject</i> is the
ecclesiastical <i>cantus firmus</i>, or plain song.</blockquote>
<i>Rockstro.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The incident, scene,
figure, group, etc., which it is the aim of the artist to
represent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ject"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subjected</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subjecting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring under control,
power, or dominion; to make subject; to subordinate; to
subdue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Firmness of mind that <i>subjects</i> every
gratification of sense to the rule of right reason.</blockquote> <i>C.
Middleton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In one short view <i>subjected</i> to our eye,<BR>
Gods, emperors, heroes, sages, beauties, lie.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is the most <i>subjected</i>, the most &?;nslaved,
who is so in his understanding.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expose; to make obnoxious or liable; as,
credulity <i>subjects</i> a person to impositions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To submit; to make accountable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God is not bound to <i>subject</i> his ways of
operation to the scrutiny of our thoughts.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make subservient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Subjected</i> to his service angel
wings.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause to undergo; as, to <i>subject</i>
a substance to a white heat; to <i>subject</i> a person to a rigid
test.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1434 !></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ject"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Subjacent.</def> "Led them direct . . . to the <i>subjected</i>
plain." [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reduced to subjection; brought under the
dominion of another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Exposed; liable; subject;
obnoxious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*jec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subjectio</i>: cf. OF. <i>subjection</i>, F.
<i>subj&eacute;tion</i>. See <u>Subject</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of subjecting, or of bringing under
the dominion of another; the act of subduing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The conquest of the kingdom, and <i>subjection</i> of
the rebels.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being subject, or under the
power, control, and government of another; a state of obedience or
submissiveness; as, the safety of life, liberty, and property depends
on our <i>subjection</i> to the laws.</def> "To be bound under
<i>subjection</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Likewise, ye wives, be in <i>subjection</i> to your own
husbands.</blockquote> <i>1 Peter iii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Because the <i>subjection</i> of the body to the will
is by natural necessity, the <i>subjection</i> of the will unto God
voluntary, we stand in need of direction after what sort our wills and
desires may be rightly conformed to His.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ject*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metaph.)</i>
<def>One skilled in subjective philosophy; a subjectivist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*jec"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subjectivus</i>: cf. F. <i>subjectif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, pertaining to, or derived from,
one's own consciousness, in distinction from external observation;
ralating to the mind, or intellectual world, in distinction from the
outward or material excessively occupied with, or brooding over, one's
own internal states.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the philosophy of the mind, <i>subjective</i> denotes
what is to be referred to the thinking subject, the <i>ego</i>;
<i>objective</i>, what belongs to the object of thought, the <i>non-
ego</i>. See <u>Objective</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 2.  <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Lit. &amp; Art)</i> <def>Modified by, or making
prominent, the individuality of a writer or an artist; as, a
<i>subjective</i> drama or painting; a <i>subjective</i>
writer.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Objective</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Subjective sensation</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>one
of the sensations occurring when stimuli due to internal causes excite
the nervous apparatus of the sense organs, as when a person imagines
he sees figures which have no objective reality.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sub*jec"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sub*jec"tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub*jec"tiv*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metaph.)</i>
<def>Any philosophical doctrine which refers all knowledge to, and
founds it upon, any subjective states; egoism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*jec"tiv*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metaph.)</i>
<def>One who holds to subjectivism; an egoist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`jec*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being subjective; character of the
subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ject*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ject-mat`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The matter
or thought presented for consideration in some statement or
discussion; that which is made the object of thought or
study.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As to the <i>subject-matter</i>, words are always to be
understood as having a regard thereto.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As science makes progress in any <i>subject-matter</i>,
poetry recedes from it.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ject*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
subject.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*jic"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being subjected.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*join"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subjoined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subjoining</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>subjoindre</i>, L. <i>subjungere</i>.
See <u>Sub-</u>, and <u>Join</u>, and cf. <u>Subjective</u>.] <def>To
add after something else has been said or written; to ANNEX; as, to
<i>subjoin</i> an argument or reason.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To add; annex; join; unite.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*join"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An additional
remark.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sub ju"di*ce</hw> (?). [L.] <def>Before the judge, or court;
not yet decided; under judicial consideration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ju*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subjugated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subjugating</u>.] [L. <i>subjugatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>subjugare</i> to subjugate; <i>sub</i> under + <i>jugum</i> a yoke.
See <u>Yoke</u>.] <def>To subdue, and bring under the yoke of power or
dominion; to conquer by force, and compel to submit to the government
or absolute control of another; to vanquish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>subjugated</i> a king, and called him his
"vassal."</blockquote> <i>Baker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conquer; subdue; overcome. See
<u>Conquer</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sub`ju*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subjugation</i>, LL. <i>subjugatio</i>.] <def>The act of
subjugating, or the state of being subjugated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ju*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
subjugates; a conqueror.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*junc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Subjunctive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of subjoining, or
state of being subjoined.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something subjoined; as, a
<i>subjunction</i> to a sentence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*junc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subjunctivus</i>, fr. <i>subjungere</i>, <i>subjunctum</i>, to
subjoin: cf. F. <i>subjonctif</i>. See <u>Subjoin</u>.] <def>Subjoined
or added to something before said or written.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subjunctive mood</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>that form of
a verb which express the action or state not as a fact, but only as a
conception of the mind still contingent and dependent. It is commonly
subjoined, or added as subordinate, to some other verb, and in English
is often connected with it by <i>if</i>, <i>that</i>, <i>though</i>,
<i>lest</i>, <i>unless</i>, <i>except</i>, <i>until</i>, etc., as in
the following sentence: "<i>If there were</i> no honey, they [bees]
<i>would have</i> no object in visiting the flower." <i>Lubbock.</i>
In some languages, as in Latin and Greek, the subjunctive is often
independent of any other verb, being used in wishes, commands,
exhortations, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*junc"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i>
<def>The subjunctive mood; also, a verb in the subjunctive
mood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*king"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
several primary divisions of either the animal, or vegetable kingdom,
as, in zo&ouml;logy, the Vertebrata, Tunicata, Mollusca, Articulata,
Molluscoidea, Echinodermata, C&oelig;lentera, and the Protozoa; in
botany, the Phanerogamia, and the Cryptogamia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`lap*sa"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>sub + lapse</i>: cf. F. <i>sublapsarien</i>, <i>sublapsarie</i>.]
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Infralapsarian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`lap*sa"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Infralapsarianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lap"sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sublapsarian.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From
<i>sublatus</i>, used as p. p. of <i>tollere</i> to take away. See
<u>Tolerate</u>.] <def>To take or carry away; to remove.</def> [R.]
<i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sublatio</i>,
fr. <i>sublatus</i>, used as p. p. of <i>tollere</i> to take away.]
<def>The act of taking or carrying away; removal.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having power,
or tending, to take away.</def> [R.]  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"lease`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
lease by a tenant or lessee to another person; an underlease.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`les*see"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A holder of a
sublease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*let"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sublet</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subletting</u>.] <def>To underlet; to lease, as when a lessee
leases to another person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`le*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sublevare</i> to lift up; <i>sub</i> under + <i>levare</i> to lift,
raise: cf. L. <i>sublevatio</i> an allevation.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of raising on high; elevation.</def>  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An uprising; an insurrection.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`li*bra"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under
or assistant librarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`lieu*ten"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
lieutenant</i>: cf. F. <i>sous-lieutenant</i>.] <def>An inferior or
second lieutenant; in the British service, a commissioned officer of
the lowest rank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`li*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subligatio</i>, from <i>subligare</i> to bind below; <i>sub</i>
under + <i>ligare</i> to bind.] <def>The act of binding
underneath.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*lim"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sublimable</i>. See <u>Sublime</u>., <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Capable of being sublimed or sublimated.</def> --
<wf>Sub*lim"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sublimated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sublimating</u>.] [L. <i>sublimatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>sublimare</i> to raise, elevate, fr. <i>sublimis</i> high: cf. F.
<i>sublimer</i>. See <u>Sublime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Surlime</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bring by heat into the state of vapor, which, on cooling, returns
again to the solid state; as, to <i>sublimate</i> sulphur or
camphor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refine and exalt; to heighten; to
elevate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The precepts of Christianity are . . . so apt to
cleanse and <i>sublimate</i> the more gross and corrupt.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>sublimatum</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A product obtained by
sublimation; hence, also, a purified product so obtained.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Corrosive sublimate</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Corrosive</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*mate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>sublimatus</i>.]
<def>Brought into a state of vapor by heat, and again condensed as a
solid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*ma`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Refined by,
or as by, sublimation; exalted; purified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Words] whose weight best suits a <i>sublimated</i>
strain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*ma`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>sublimatio</i>: cf. F. <i>sublimation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of subliming, or the state or
result of being sublimed.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of heightening or improving;
exaltation; elevation; purification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is sublimed; the product of a
purifying process.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Religion is the perfection, refinement, and
<i>sublimation</i> of morality.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*ma*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Used for
sublimation; as, <i>sublimatory</i> vessels.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"li*ma*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel used
for sublimation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vials, crosslets, and
<i>sublimatories</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lime"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sublimer</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sublimest</u>.] [L. <i>sublimis</i>;
<i>sub</i> under + (perhaps) a word akin to <i>limen</i> lintel, sill,
thus meaning, up to the lintel: cf. F. <i>sublime</i>.  Cf.
<u>Eliminate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lifted up; high in place;
exalted aloft; uplifted; lofty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sublime</i> on these a tower of steel is
reared.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Distinguished by lofty or noble traits;
eminent; -- said of persons.</def> "The <i>sublime</i> Julian leader."
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Awakening or expressing the emotion of awe,
adoration, veneration, heroic resolve, etc.; dignified; grand; solemn;
stately; -- said of an impressive object in nature, of an action, of a
discourse, of a work of art, of a spectacle, etc.; as, <i>sublime</i>
scenery; a <i>sublime</i> deed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Easy in words thy style, in sense
<i>sublime</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Know how <i>sublime</i> a thing it is<BR>
To suffer and be strong.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Elevated by joy; elate.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their hearts were jocund and <i>sublime</i>,<BR>
Drunk with idolatry, drunk with wine.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Lofty of mien; haughty; proud.</def>
[Poetic] "Countenance <i>sublime</i> and insolent."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His fair, large front and eye <i>sublime</i>
declared<BR>
Absolute rule.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Exalted; lofty; noble; majestic. See
<u>Grand</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*lime"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is
sublime; -- with the definite article</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A grand or lofty style in speaking or writing; a style that
expresses lofty conceptions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sublime</i> rises from the nobleness of
thoughts, the magnificence of words, or the harmonious and lively turn
of the phrase.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That which is grand in nature or art, as
distinguished from the merely beautiful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lime"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sublimed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subliming</u>.] [Cf. L. <i>sublimare</i>, F. <i>sublimer</i> to
subject to sublimation. See <u>Sublime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Sublimate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To raise on high.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>A soul <i>sublimed</i> by an idea above the region of
vanity and conceit.</blockquote> <i>E. P. Whipple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To subject to the process of
sublimation; to heat, volatilize, and condense in crystals or powder;
to distill off, and condense in solid form; hence, also, to
purify.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To exalt; to heighten; to improve; to
purify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun . . . <BR>
Which not alone the southern wit <i>sublimes</i>,<BR>
But ripens spirits in cold, northern climes.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dignify; to ennoble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An ordinary gift can not <i>sublime</i> a person to a
supernatural employment.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lime"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To pass off in vapor, with immediate condensation; specifically,
to evaporate or volatilize from the solid state without apparent
melting; -- said of those substances, like arsenic, benzoic acid,
etc., which do not exhibit a liquid form on heating, except under
increased pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*limed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Having been subjected to the process of sublimation; hence, also,
purified.</def> "<i>Sublimed</i> mercurie."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lime"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sublime
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lime"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sublime; sublimity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lim`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sublimis</i> sublime + <i>-ficare</i> to make. See <u>-ry</u>.]
<def>The act of making sublime, or state of being made
sublime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lim"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sublimities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sublimitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>sublimit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state
of being sublime (in any sense of the adjective).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is sublime; as, the
<i>sublimities</i> of nature.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Grandeur; magnificence.  -- <u>Sublimity</u>,
<u>Grandeur</u>. The mental state indicated by these two words is the
same, namely, a mingled emotion of astonishment and awe. In speaking
of the quality which produces this emotion, we call it <i>grandeur</i>
when it springs from what is vast in space, power, etc.; we call it
<i>sublimity</i> when it springs from what is elevated far above the
ordinary incidents of humanity. An immense plain is <i>grand</i>. The
heavens are not only <i>grand</i>, but <i>sublime</i> (as the
predominating emotion), from their immense height. Exalted intellect,
and especially exalted virtue under severe trials, give us the sense
of moral <i>sublimity</i>, as in the case of our Savior in his prayer
for his murderers. We do not speak of Satan, when standing by the
fiery gulf, with his "unconquerable will and study of revenge," as a
<i>sublime</i> object; but there is a melancholy <i>grandeur</i>
thrown around him, as of an "archangel ruined."</p>

<p><hw>Sub*lin`e*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mark of
a line or lines under a word in a sentence, or under another line;
underlining.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sub*lin"gua</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sublingu&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
process or fold below the tongue in some animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lin"gual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
lingual</i>: cf. F. <i>sublingual</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated under the tongue; as, the
<i>sublingual</i> gland.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to the sublingual gland; as, <i>sublingual</i>
salvia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*li"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sublinere</i>, <i>sublitum</i>, to smear, to lay on as a ground
color.] <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>The act or process of laying the ground
in a painting.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*lit"to*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Under the
shore.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lob"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or at the bases of, the lobules of the
liver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lum"bar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the lumbar region of
the vertebral column.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*lu"nar</hw> (?), <hw>Sub"lu*na*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub + lunar</i>, or <i>lunary</i>: cf.
F. <i>sublunaire</i>.] <def>Situated beneath the moon; hence, of or
pertaining to this world; terrestrial; earthly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All things <i>sublunary</i> are subject to
change.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All <i>sublunary</i> comforts imitate the
changeableness, as well as feel the influence, of the planet they are
under.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"lu*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any worldly
thing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`lux*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
luxation</i>: cf. F. <i>subluxation</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An
incomplete or partial dislocation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mam"ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated
under the mamm&aelig;; as, <i>submammary</i> inflammation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ma*rine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being, acting,
or growing, under water in the sea; as, <i>submarine</i> navigators;
<i>submarine</i> plants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Submarine armor</b></col>, <cd>a waterproof dress of strong
material, having a helmet into which air for breathing is pumped
through a tube leading from above the surface to enable a diver to
remain under water.</cd> -- <col><b>Submarine cable</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Telegraph cable</i>, under <u>Telegraph</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Submarine mine</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Torpedo</u>, 2
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ma*rine"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A submarine plant
or animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mar"shal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under or
deputy marshal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated under the maxilla, or lower jaw;
inframaxillary; as, the <i>submaxillary</i> gland.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to submaxillary gland; as,
<i>submaxillary</i> salvia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*me"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying under
the middle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*me"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Next to the median (on either side); as, the <i>submedian</i>
teeth of mollusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*me"di*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The sixth tone of the scale; the under mediant, or third below
the keynote; the superdominant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the chin; as, the <i>submental</i>
artery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*men"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Submenta</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Sub-</u>, and
<u>Mentum</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The basal part of the labium
of insects. It bears the mentum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*merge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Submerged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Submerging</u> (?).] [L. <i>submergere</i>, <i>submersum</i>;
<i>sub</i> under + <i>mergere</i> to plunge: cf. F. <i>submerger</i>.
See <u>Merge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put under water; to
plunge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover or overflow with water; to
inundate; to flood; to drown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would thou didst,<BR>
So half my Egypt were <i>submerged</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1435 !></p>

<p><hw>Sub*merge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To plunge
into water or other fluid; to be buried or covered, as by a fluid; to
be merged; hence, to be completely included.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some say swallows <i>submerge</i> in
ponds.</blockquote> <i>Gent. Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mer"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>submergens</i>, p. pr.] <def>The act of submerging, or the state of
being submerged; submersion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*merse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Submersed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mersed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>submersus</i>, p. p. of <i>submergere</i>. See <u>Submerge</u>.]
<def>Being or growing under water, as the leaves of aquatic
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mer"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>submersio</i>: cf. F. <i>submersion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of submerging, or putting under water or other fluid, or
of causing to be overflowed; the act of plunging under water, or of
drowning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being put under water or other
fluid, or of being overflowed or drowned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`me*tal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imperfectly
metallic; as, a <i>submetallic</i> luster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*min"is*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subministrare</i>, <i>subministratum</i>. See <u>Sub-</u>, and
<u>Ministre</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To supply; to
afford.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*min"is*ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
subservient; to be useful.</def> [Obs.] "Our passions . . .
<i>subminister</i> to the best and worst purposes."
<i>L'EStrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*min"is*trant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subministrans</i>, p. pr.] <def>Subordinate; subservient.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*min"is*trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Subminister</u>.] <def>To supply; to afford; to subminister.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*min`is*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subministratio</i>.] <def>The act of subministering.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*miss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>submissus</i>,
p. p. of <i>submittere</i> to let down, to lower. See <u>Submit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Submissive; humble; obsequious.</def>
[Archaic] "Soft Silence and <i>submiss</i> Obedience." <i>Spenser.</i>
"Stooping and <i>submiss</i>."  <i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gentle; soft; calm; as, <i>submiss</i>
voices.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>submissio</i> a letting down, lowering: cf. F. <i>soumission</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of submitting; the act of yielding to
power or authority; surrender of the person and power to the control
or government of another; obedience; compliance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Submission</i>, dauphin! 't is a mere French
word;<BR>
We English warrious wot not what it means.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being submissive;
acknowledgement of inferiority or dependence; humble or suppliant
behavior; meekness; resignation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In all <i>submission</i> and humility<BR>
York doth present himself unto your highness.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No duty in religion is more justly required by God . .
. than a perfect <i>submission</i> to his will in all
things.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Acknowledgement of a fault; confession of
error.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be not as extreme in <i>submission</i><BR>
As in offense.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An agreement by which parties
engage to submit any matter of controversy between them to the
decision of arbitrators.</def>  <i>Wharton (Law Dict.).
Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mis"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inclined or ready to submit; acknowledging one's inferiority;
yielding; obedient; humble.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not at his feet <i>submissive</i> in distress,<BR>
Creature so fair his reconcilement seeking.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Showing a readiness to submit; expressing
submission; as, a <i>submissive</i> demeanor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With a <i>submissive</i> step I hasted
down.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Obedient; compliant; yielding; obsequious;
subservient; humble; modest; passive.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sub*mis"sive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sub*mis"sive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub*miss"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
submissive manner; with a submission.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*miss"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Submissiveness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Submitted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Submitting</u>.] [L. <i>submittere</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>mittere</i> to send: cf. F. <i>soumettre</i>. See <u>Missile</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let down; to lower.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes the hill <i>submits</i> itself a
while.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put or place under.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bristled throat<BR>
Of the <i>submitted</i> sacrifice with ruthless steel he
cut.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To yield, resign, or surrender to power,
will, or authority; -- often with the reflexive pronoun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye ben <i>submitted</i> through your free
assent.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The angel of the Lord said unto her, Return to thy
mistress, and <i>submit</i> thyself under her hands.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xvi. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wives, <i>submit</i> yourselves unto your own
husbands.</blockquote> <i>Eph. v. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To leave or commit to the discretion or
judgment of another or others; to refer; as, to <i>submit</i> a
controversy to arbitrators; to <i>submit</i> a question to the court;
-- often followed by a dependent proposition as the object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether the condition of the clergy be able to bear a
heavy burden, is <i>submitted</i> to the house.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>submit</i> that a wooden spoon of our day would
not be justified in calling Galileo and Napier blockheads because they
never heard of the differential calculus.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mit"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To yield one's person to the power of another; to give up
resistance; to surrender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The revolted provinces presently
<i>submitted</i>.</blockquote> <i>C. Middleton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To yield one's opinion to the opinion of
authority of another; to be subject; to acquiesce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To thy husband's will<BR>
Thine shall <i>submit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be submissive or resigned; to yield
without murmuring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our religion requires from us . . . to <i>submit</i> to
pain, disgrace, and even death.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
submits.</def>  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mon"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>submonere</i>. See <u>Summon</u>, and <u>-ish</u>.] <def>To
suggest; to prompt.</def> [R.] "The <i>submonishing</i> inclinations
of my senses."  <i>T. Granger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`mo*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>submonitio</i>.] <def>Suggestion; prompting.</def> [R.]  <i>T.
Granger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mu"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under a mucous membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mul"ti*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>A number or quality which is contained in another an exact number
of times, or is an aliquot part of it; thus, 7 is the
<i>submultiple</i> of 56, being contained in it eight times.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mul"ti*ple</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a submultiple; being a submultiple; as, a
<i>submultiple</i> number; <i>submultiple</i> ratio.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*mus"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated
underneath a muscle or muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`nar*cot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Moderately narcotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*na"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the nose; as, the <i>subnasal</i> point, or the
middle point of the inferior border of the anterior nasal
aperture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*nas"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subnascens</i>, p. pr. of <i>subnasci</i> to grow under; <i>sub</i>
under + <i>nasci</i> to be born.] <def>Growing underneath.</def> [R.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*nect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subnectere</i>, <i>subnextum</i>; <i>sub</i> under + <i>nectere</i>
to tie.] <def>To tie or fasten beneath; to join beneath.</def> [R.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*nex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Subnect</u>.] <def>To subjoin; to subnect.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*nor"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>That part of the axis of a curved line which is intercepted
between the ordinate and the normal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`no*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subnotatio</i> a signing underneath, fr. <i>subnotare</i> to
subscribe; <i>sub</i> under + <i>notare</i> to note or mark.] <def>A
rescript.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*no`to*chor"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated on the ventral side of the notochord; as,
the <i>subnotochordal</i> rod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*nu"vo*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub</i>
+ It. <i>nuvola</i> cloud: cf. L. <i>subnubilus</i> somewhat cloudy.]
<def>Under the clouds; attended or partly covered or obscured by
clouds; somewhat cloudy.</def> [R. &amp; Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Subnuvolar</i> lights of evening sharply
slant.</blockquote> <i>Milnes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ob*scure"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
obscurely or darkly.</def> [R.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ob*tuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partially
obtuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`oc*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or posterior to, the occiput; as, the
<i>suboccipital</i>, or first cervical, nerve.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*oc"tave</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*oc"tu*ple</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing one part of eight; having the
ratio of one to eight.</def>  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*oc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
ocular</i>: cf. L. <i>subocularis</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated
under, or on the ventral side of, the eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*of"fi*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
officer</i>: cf. F. <i>sous-officer</i>.] <def>An under or subordinate
officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`o*per"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated below the operculum; pertaining to the
suboperculum.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
suboperculum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`o*per"cu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Sub-</u>, <u>Operculum</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The lower
opercular bone in fishes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub`or*bic"u*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Sub`or*bic"u*late</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Almost orbiculate or orbicular.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*or"bit*al</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*or"bit*ar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under or below the
orbit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>
<def>A division of an order; a group of genera of a little lower rank
than an order and of greater importance than a tribe or family; as,
cichoraceous plants form a <i>suborder</i> of
Composit&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"di*na*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Subordinate</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being subordinate,
or subject to control; subordination, as, to bring the imagination to
act in <i>subordinacy</i> to reason.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*or"di*nance</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*or"di*nan*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub</i> + L. <i>ordinans</i>, p. pr. of
<i>ordinare</i>. See <u>Subordinate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Subordinacy; subordination.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More. Sir W.
Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"di*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>One of several heraldic bearings somewhat less common than an
ordinary. See <u>Ordinary</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Different writers name different bearings as subordinaries,
but the <i>bar</i>, <i>bend</i>, <i>sinister</i>, <i>pile</i>,
<i>inescutcheon bordure</i>, <i>gyron</i>, and <i>quarter</i>, are
always considered subordinaries by those who do not class them as
ordinaries.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub</i>
+ L. <i>ordinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ordinare</i> to set in order, to
arrange. See <u>Ordain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Placed in a lower
order, class, or rank; holding a lower or inferior position.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The several kinds and <i>subordinate</i> species of
each are easily distinguished.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inferior in order, nature, dignity, power,
importance, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was <i>subordinate</i>, not enslaved, to the
understanding.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"di*nate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who stands
in order or rank below another; -- distinguished from a
<i>principal</i>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subordinated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subordinating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place
in a lower order or class; to make or consider as of less value or
importance; as, to <i>subordinate</i> one creature to
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make subject; to subject or subdue; as,
to <i>subordinate</i> the passions to reason.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sub*or"di*nate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sub*or"di*nate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subordination</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
subordinating, placing in a lower order, or subjecting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being subordinate
or inferior to an other; inferiority of rank or dignity;
subjection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Natural creature having a local
<i>subordination</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holyday.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Place of inferior rank.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Persons who in their several <i>subordinations</i>
would be obliged to follow the example of their
superiors.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*or"di*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending
to subordinate; expressing subordination; used to introduce a
subordinate sentence; as, a <i>subordinative</i>
conjunction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*orn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suborned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suborning</u>.] [F. <i>suborner</i>, L. <i>subornare</i>;
<i>sub</i> under, secretly + <i>ornare</i> to furnish, provide, equip,
adorn. See <u>Ornament</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To
procure or cause to take a false oath amounting to perjury, such oath
being actually taken.</def>  <i>Sir W. O. Russell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To procure privately, or by collusion; to
procure by indirect means; to incite secretly; to instigate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art <i>suborned</i> against his
honor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who by despair <i>suborn</i> their
death.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`or*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>subornation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of
suborning; the crime of procuring a person to take such a false oath
as constitutes perjury.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sin or offense of procuring one to do a
criminal or bad action, as by bribes or persuasion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Foul <i>subornation</i> is predominant.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sort of chicanery attending the <i>subornation</i>
of managers in the Leibnitz controversy.</blockquote> <i>De
Quinsey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*orn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who suborns
or procures another to take, a false oath; one who procures another to
do a bad action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*o"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat oval;
nearly oval.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*o"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly in the
form of an egg, or of the section of an egg, but having the inferior
extremity broadest; nearly ovate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*o"va*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subovate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*ox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An oxide containing a relatively small amount of oxygen, and less
than the normal proportion; as, potassium <i>suboxide</i>,
K<sub>4</sub>O.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`pe*dun"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated beneath the peduncle; as, the <i>subpeduncular</i> lobe
of the cerebellum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`pe*dun"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Supported on, or growing from, a very short stem;
having a short peduncle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`pel*lu"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
pellucid; nearly pellucid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pe"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Subp&oelig;na</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`pen*tan"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
or approximately pentangular; almost pentangular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*per`i*car"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the cardiac pericardium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*per`i*os"te*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the periosteum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subperiosteal operation</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>a
removal of bone effected without taking away the periosteum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*per`i*to"ne*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the peritoneal membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pet"i*o*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Concealed within the base of the petiole, as the leaf buds of the
plane tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pleu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the pleural membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pod`o*phyl"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated under the podophyllous tissue of the
horse's foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*p&oelig;"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>sub</i> under + <i>poena</i> punishment. See <u>Pain</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ commanding the attendance in court, as a
witness, of the person on whom it is served, under a penalty; the
process by which a defendant in equity is commanded to appear and
answer the plaintiff's bill.</def> [Written also <i>subpena</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>||Subp&oelig;na ad testificandum</b></col> (&?;). [NL.]
<cd>A writ used to procure the attendance of a witness for the purpose
of testifying.</cd> -- <col><b>||Subp&oelig;na duces tecum</b></col>
(&?;). [NL.] <cd>A writ which requires a witness to attend and bring
certain documents.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*p&oelig;"na</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subp&oelig;naed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subp&oelig;naing</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To serve with
a writ of subp&oelig;na; to command attendance in court by a legal
writ, under a penalty in case of disobedience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*p&oelig;"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Required
or done under penalty.</def>  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*po"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated below
the poles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`po*lyg"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Approximately polygonal; somewhat or almost polygonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`pre*hen"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
prehensile; prehensile in an inferior degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pri"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub +
prior</i>: cf. F. <i>sous-prieur</i>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The
vicegerent of a prior; a claustral officer who assists the
prior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pu"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or posterior to, the pubic bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pul"mo*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pur"chas*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A purchaser
who buys from a purchaser; one who buys at second hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*pyr"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
pyriform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*quad"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly or
approximately square; almost square.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*quad"ru*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing
one part of four; in the ratio of one to four; as, <i>subquadruple</i>
proportion.</def>  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*quin"que*fid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Almost
quinquefid; nearly quinquefid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*quin"tu*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
ratio of one to five; as, <i>subquintuple</i> proportion.</def>
<i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*read"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An
under reader in the inns of court, who reads the texts of law the
reader is to discourse upon.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*rec"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assistant
restor.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`re*li"gion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A secondary
religion; a belief or principle held in a quasi religious
veneration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Loyalty is in the English a
<i>subreligion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*rep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subreptio</i>, fr. <i>subripere</i>, <i>subreptum</i>, to snatch or
take away secretly: cf. F. <i>subreption</i>. See
<u>Surreptitious</u>.] <def>The act of obtaining a favor by surprise,
or by unfair representation through suppression or fraudulent
concealment of facts.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`rep*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subreptitius</i>. See <u>Surreptitious</u>.]
<def>Surreptitious.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Sub`rep*ti"tious*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 1436 !></p>

<p><hw>Sub*rep"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subreptivus</i>.] <def>Surreptitious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*rig"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat rigid
or stiff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*rig"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subriguus</i>; <i>sub</i> under + <i>riguus</i> watered, akin to
<i>rigare</i> to water.] <def>Watered or wet beneath; well-
watered.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ro*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subrogatus</i>, p. p. of <i>subrogare</i>. See <u>Surrogate</u>.]
<def>To put in the place of another; to substitute.</def>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ro*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subrogation</i>, LL. <i>subrogatio</i>.] <def>The act of
subrogating.</def> Specifically: <i>(Law)</i> <def>The substitution of
one person in the place of another as a creditor, the new creditor
succeeding to the rights of the former; the mode by which a third
person who pays a creditor succeeds to his rights against the
debtor.</def>  <i>Bouvier. Burrill. Abbott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ro*tund"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
rotund.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sa"cral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the sacrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`sa*line"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moderately
saline or salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"salt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
basic salt. See the Note under <u>Salt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`san*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsannatio</i>, fr. <i>subsannare</i> to deride by mimicking
gestures.] <def>Derision; mockery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*scap"u*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*scap"u*la*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated beneath the scapula;
infrascapular; as, the <i>subscapular</i> muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*scrib"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being subscribed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subscribed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subscribing</u>.] [L. <i>subscribere</i>,
<i>subscriptum</i>; <i>sub</i> under + <i>scribere</i> to write: cf.
F. <i>souscrire</i>. See <u>Scribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
write underneath, as one's name; to sign (one's name) to a
document.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] <i>subscribed</i> their names under
them.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sign with one's own hand; to give
consent to, as something written, or to bind one's self to the terms
of, by writing one's name beneath; as, parties <i>subscribe</i> a
covenant or contract; a man <i>subscribes</i> a bond.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the bishops <i>subscribed</i> the
sentence.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attest by writing one's name beneath;
as, officers <i>subscribe</i> their official acts, and secretaries and
clerks <i>subscribe</i> copies or records.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To promise to give, by writing one's name
with the amount; as, each man <i>subscribed</i> ten dollars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To sign away; to yield; to surrender.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To declare over one's signature; to
publish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Either or must shortly hear from him, or I will
<i>subscribe</i> him a coward.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*scribe"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To sign one's name to a letter or other document.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give consent to something written, by
signing one's name; hence, to assent; to agree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So spake, so wished, much humbled Eve; but Fate<BR>
<i>Subscribed</i> not.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To become surely; -- with <i>for</i>.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To yield; to admit one's self to be
inferior or in the wrong.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>subscribe</i>, and say I wronged the
duke.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To set one's name to a paper in token of
promise to give a certain sum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To enter one's name for a newspaper, a
book, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*scrib"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who subscribes; one who contributes to an undertaking by
subscribing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who enters his name for a paper, book,
map, or the like.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"script</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subscriptus</i>, p. p. See <u>Subscribe</u>.] <def>Written below or
underneath; as, iota <i>subscript</i>. (See under <u>Iota</u>.)
Specifically <i>(Math.)</i>, said of marks, figures, or letters
(suffixes), written below and usually to the right of other letters to
distinguish them; as, <i>a</i>, <i>n</i>, 2, in the symbols
<i>X<subs>a</subs></i>, <i>A<subs>n</subs></i>,
<i>Y<subs>2</subs></i>. See <u>Suffix</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2,
and <u>Subindex</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"script</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything written
below.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*scrip"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subscriptio</i>: cf. F. <i>souscription</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of subscribing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is subscribed.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A paper to which a signature is
attached.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The signature attached to a
paper.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Consent or attestation by
underwriting the name.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Sum subscribed;
amount of sums subscribed; as, an individual <i>subscription</i> to a
fund.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The acceptance of articles,
or other tests tending to promote uniformity; esp. <i>(Ch. of
Eng.)</i>, formal assent to the Thirty-nine Articles and the Book of
Common Prayer, required before ordination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Submission; obedience.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You owe me no <i>subscription</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>That part of a prescription
which contains the direction to the apothecary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*scrip"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a subscription, or signature.</def> "The
<i>subscriptive</i> part." <i>Richardson.</i> --
<wf>Sub*scrip"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub"se*cute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsecutus</i>, p. p. of <i>subsequi</i>. See <u>Subsequent</u>.]
<def>To follow closely, or so as to overtake; to pursue.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To follow and detain him, if by any possibility he
could be <i>subsecuted</i> and overtaken.</blockquote> <i>E.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sec"u*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subs&eacute;cutif</i>.] <def>Following in a train or
succession.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sub*sel"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subsellia</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Eccl. Arch.)</i> <def>One of
the stalls of the lower range where there are two ranges. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Stall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sem"i*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The sensible or leading note, or sharp seventh, of any key;
subtonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deeper than
the reach of the senses.</def> "That <i>subsensible</i> world."
<i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sep"tu*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
ratio of one to seven.</def>  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub"se*quence</hw> (?), <hw>Sub"se*quen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or state of following; -- opposed to
<i>precedence</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"se*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsequens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>subsequi</i> to follow,
succeed: cf. F. <i>subs&eacute;quent</i>. See <u>Sue</u> to follow.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Following in time; coming or being after
something else at any time, indefinitely; as, <i>subsequent</i>
events; <i>subsequent</i> ages or years; a period long
<i>subsequent</i> to the foundation of Rome.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Following in order of place; succeeding;
as, a <i>subsequent</i> clause in a treaty.</def> "The
<i>subsequent</i> words come on before the precedent vanish."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"se*quent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At a later
time; afterwards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*se"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under a serous membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*serve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subserved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subserving</u>.] [L. <i>subservire</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>servire</i> to serve. See <u>Serve</u>.] <def>To serve in
subordination or instrumentally; to be subservient to; to help
forward; to promote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a great credit to know the ways of captivating
Nature, and making her <i>subserve</i> our purposes, than to have
learned all the intrigues of policy.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*serve"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be subservient
or subordinate; to serve in an inferior capacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not made to rule,<BR>
But to <i>subserve</i> where wisdom bears command.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*serv"i*ence</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*serv"i*en*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being subservient;
instrumental fitness or use; hence, willingness to serve another's
purposes; in a derogatory sense, servility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The body wherein appears much fitness, use, and
<i>subserviency</i> to infinite functions.</blockquote>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a regular subordination and
<i>subserviency</i> among all the parts to beneficial
ends.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*serv"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subserviens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. See <u>Subserve</u>.]
<def>Fitted or disposed to subserve; useful in an inferior capacity;
serving to promote some end; subordinate; hence, servile,
truckling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scarce ever reading anything which he did not make
<i>subservient</i> in one kind or other.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Fell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These ranks of creatures are <i>subservient</i> one to
another.</blockquote> <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their temporal ambition was wholly <i>subservient</i>
to their proselytizing spirit.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*serv"i*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
subservient manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ses"qui-</hw> (?). [Pref. <i>sub-</i> + <i>sesqui-</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix (also used adjectively) denoting the
combination of constituents (especially electro-negative and electro-
positive bodies) in the proportion of <i>two</i> to <i>three</i>; as,
a <i>subsesqui</i> acetate, <i>i. e.</i>, a salt having two
equivalents of acetic acid to three of the base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sex"tu*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
ratio of one to six; as, a <i>sub</i>sextuple proportion.</def>
<i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*side"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subsided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subsiding</u>.] [L. <i>subsidere</i>; <i>sub</i> under, below +
<i>sidere</i> to sit down, to settle; akin to <i>sedere</i> to sit, E.
<i>sit</i>. See <u>Sit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sink or fall
to the bottom; to settle, as lees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tend downward; to become lower; to
descend; to sink.</def> "Heaven's <i>subsiding</i> hill."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fall into a state of quiet; to cease to
rage; to be calmed; to settle down; to become tranquil; to abate; as,
the sea <i>subsides</i>; the tumults of war will <i>subside</i>; the
fever has <i>subsided</i>.</def> "In cases of danger, pride and envy
naturally <i>subside</i>."  <i>C. Middleton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Abate</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*sid"ence</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*sid"en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>subsidens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of
<i>subsidere</i>. See <u>Subside</u>.] <def>The act or process of
subsiding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The subdual or <i>subsidence</i> of the more violent
passions.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sid"i*a*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
subsidiary manner; so as to assist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sid"i*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsidiarius</i>: cf. F. <i>subsidiaire</i>. See <u>Subsidy</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Furnishing aid; assisting; auxiliary; helping;
tributary; especially, aiding in an inferior position or capacity; as,
a <i>subsidiary</i> stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chief ruler and principal head everywhere, not
suffragant and <i>subsidiary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Florio.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They constituted a useful <i>subsidiary</i> testimony
of another state of existence.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a subsidy; constituting
a subsidy; being a part of, or of the nature of, a subsidy; as,
<i>subsidiary</i> payments to an ally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>George the Second relied on his <i>subsidiary</i>
treaties.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Mahon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sid"i*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subsidiaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who, or that which,
contributes aid or additional supplies; an assistant; an
auxiliary.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"si*dize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subsidized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subsidizing</u> (?).] [From <u>Subsidy</u>.] <def>To
furnish with a subsidy; to purchase the assistance of by the payment
of a subsidy; to aid or promote, as a private enterprise, with public
money; as, to <i>subsidize</i> a steamship line.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He employed the remittances from Spain to
<i>subsidize</i> a large body of German mercenaries.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"si*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subsidies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>subsidium</i> the troops
stationed in reserve in the third line of battlem reserve, support,
help, fr. <i>subsidere</i> to sit down, lie in wait: cf. F.
<i>subside</i>. See <u>Subside</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Support;
aid; co&ouml;peration; esp., extraordinary aid in money rendered to
the sovereign or to a friendly power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They advised the king to send speedy aids, and with
much alacrity granted a great rate of <i>subsidy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Subsidies</i> were taxes, not immediately on on property,
but on persons in respect of their reputed estates, after the nominal
rate of 4s. the pound for lands, and 2s. 8d. for goods.
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: A sum of money paid by one
sovereign or nation to another to purchase the co&ouml;peration or the
neutrality of such sovereign or nation in war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A grant from the government, from a
municipal corporation, or the like, to a private person or company to
assist the establishment or support of an enterprise deemed
advantageous to the public; a subvention; as, a <i>subsidy</i> to the
owners of a line of ocean steamships.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tribute; grant.  -- <u>Subsidy</u>, <u>Tribute</u>.
A <i>subsidy</i> is voluntary; a <i>tribute</i> is exacted.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*sign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subsigned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subsigning</u>.] [L. <i>subsignare</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>signare</i> to mark: cf. F. <i>soussigner</i>. See <u>Sign</u>.]
<def>To sign beneath; to subscribe.</def> [R.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`sig*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsignatio</i>.] <def>The act of writing the name under something,
as for attestation.</def> [R.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sil"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A basic
silicate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subsisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subsisting</u>.] [L. <i>subsistere</i> to stand still, stay, remain
alive; <i>sub</i> under + <i>sistere</i> to stand, to cause to stand,
from <i>stare</i> to stand: cf. F. <i>subsister</i>. See
<u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be; to have existence; to
inhere.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And makes what happiness we justly call,<BR>
<i>Subsist</i> not in the good of one, but all.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To continue; to retain a certain
state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Firm we <i>subsist</i>, yet possible to
swerve.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be maintained with food and clothing; to
be supported; to live.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>subsist</i> on other men's charity.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sist"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To support with
provisions; to feed; to maintain; as, to <i>subsist</i> one's
family.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He laid waste the adjacent country in order to render
it more difficult for the enemy to <i>subsist</i> their
army.</blockquote> <i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sist"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subsistance</i>, L. <i>subsistentia</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Real being; existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not only the things had <i>subsistence</i>, but the
very images were of some creatures existing.</blockquote>
<i>Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inherency; as, the <i>subsistence</i> of
qualities in bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which furnishes support to animal
life; means of support; provisions, or that which produces provisions;
livelihood; as, a meager <i>subsistence</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His viceroy could only propose to himself a comfortable
<i>subsistence</i> out of the plunder of his province.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Hypostasis</u>,
2.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sist"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Subsistence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*sist"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsistens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Subsist</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having real being; as, a <i>subsistent</i> spirit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inherent; as, qualities <i>subsistent</i>
in matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*si"zar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under sizar;
a student of lower rank than a sizar.</def> [Cambridge Univ. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bid my <i>subsizar</i> carry my hackney to the buttery
and give him his bever.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"soil`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bed, or
stratum, of earth which lies immediately beneath the surface
soil.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subsoil plow</b></col>, <cd>a plow having a share and
standard but no moldboard. It follows in the furrow made by an
ordinary plow, and loosens the soil to an additional depth without
bringing it to the surface.</cd> <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"soil`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn up the
subsoil of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*so"la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being under
the sun; hence, terrestrial; earthly; mundane.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*spe"cies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A group
somewhat lessdistinct than speciesusually are, but based on characters
more important than those which characterize ordinary varieties;
often, a geographical variety or race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`sphe*noid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the body of the
sphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*spher"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
spherical; having a figure resembling that of a sphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*spi"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Subvertebral.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Situated beneath a spinous process, as that of the
scapula; as, <i>subspinous</i> dislocation of the humerus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>substantia</i>, fr. <i>substare</i> to be under or present, to
stand firm; <i>sub</i> under + <i>stare</i> to stand. See
<u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which underlies all
outward manifestations; substratum; the permanent subject or cause of
phenomena, whether material or spiritual; that in which properties
inhere; that which is real, in distinction from that which is
apparent; the abiding part of any existence, in distinction from any
accident; that which constitutes anything what it is; real or existing
essence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These cooks, how they stamp, and strain, and grind,<BR>
And turn <i>substance</i> into accident!</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Heroic virtue did his actions guide,<BR>
And he the <i>substance</i>, not the appearance, chose.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The most important element in any
existence; the characteristic and essential components of anything;
the main part; essential import; purport.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This edition is the same in <i>substance</i> with the
Latin.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is insolent in words, in manner; but in
<i>substance</i> it is not only insulting, but alarming.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Body; matter; material of which a thing is
made; hence, substantiality; solidity; firmness; as, the
<i>substance</i> of which a garment is made; some textile fabrics have
little <i>substance</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Material possessions; estate; property;
resources.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And there wasted his <i>substance</i> with riotous
living.</blockquote> <i>Luke xv. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>substance</i>, valued at the highest rate,<BR>
Can not amount unto a hundred marks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are destroying many thousand lives, and exhausting
our <i>substance</i>, but not for our own interest.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Hypostasis</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish or
endow with substance; to supply property to; to make rich.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub"stance*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
substance; unsubstantial.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>substans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>substare</i> to be firm.]
<def>Substantial; firm.</def> [R.] "[The glacier's] <i>substant</i>
ice."  <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>substantiel</i>, L. <i>substantialis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Belonging to substance; actually existing; real; as,
<i>substantial</i> life.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If this atheist would have his chance to be real and
<i>substantial</i> agent, he is more stupid than the
vulgar.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not seeming or imaginary; not illusive;
real; solid; true; veritable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If happinessbe a <i>substantial</i> good.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>substantial</i> ornaments of
virtue.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Corporeal; material; firm.</def> "Most
ponderous and <i>substantial</i> things."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rainbow [appears to be] a large <i>substantial</i>
arch.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having good substance; strong; stout;
solid; firm; as, <i>substantial</i> cloth; a <i>substantial</i> fence
or wall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Possessed of goods or an estate; moderately
wealthy; responsible; as, a <i>substantial</i> freeholder.</def>
"<i>Substantial</i> yeomen and burghers."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1437 !></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan`ti*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being substantial; corporiety;
materiality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul is a stranger to such gross
<i>substantiality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan"tial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Substantialized</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Substantializing</u> (?).] <def>To make
substantial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
substantial manner; in substance; essentially.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In him all his Father shone,<BR>
<i>Substantially</i> expressed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The laws of this religion would make men, if they would
truly observe them, <i>substantially</i> religious toward God,
chastle, and temperate.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan"tial*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being substantial; as, the <i>substantialness</i> of a
wall or column.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan"tials</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>Essential parts.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Substantiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Substantiating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
to exist; to make real.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To establish the existence or truth of by
proof or competent evidence; to verify; as, to <i>substantiate</i> a
charge or allegation; to <i>substantiate</i> a declaration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Observation is, in turn, wanted to direct and
<i>substantiate</i> the course of experiment.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stan`ti*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of substantiating or proving; evidence; proof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`stan*ti"val</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a substantive; of the nature of substantive.</def> --
<wf>Sub`stan*ti"val*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stan*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>substantivus</i>: cf. F. <i>substantif</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Betokening or expressing existence; as, the <i>substantive</i>
verb, that is, the verb <i>to be</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Depending on itself; independent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He considered how sufficient and <i>substantive</i>
this land was to maintain itself without any aid of the
foreigner.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Enduring; solid; firm;
substantial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Strength and magnitude are qualities which impress the
imagination in a powerful and <i>substantive</i> manner.</blockquote>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or constituting, the
essential part or principles; as, the law
<i>substantive</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Noun substantive</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>a noun which
designates an object, material or immaterial; a substantive.</cd> --
<col><b>Substantive color</b></col>, <cd>one which communicates its
color without the aid of a mordant or base; -- opposed to <i>adjective
color</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stan*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>substantif</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A noun or name; the part of
speech which designates something that exists, or some object of
thought, either material or immaterial; as, the words <i>man</i>,
<i>horse</i>, <i>city</i>, <i>goodness</i>, <i>excellence</i>, are
<i>substantives</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stan*tive</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
substantivize.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stan*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a substantive manner; in substance;
essentially.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>As a substantive, name, or
noun; as, an adjective may be used <i>substantively</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stan*tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being substantive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stan*tiv*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
convert into a substantive; as, to <i>substantivize</i> an
adjective.</def>  <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stile`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Dialing)</i>
<def>See <u>Substyle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stit"u*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>substituens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Substitute</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any atom, group, or radical substituted for another, or entering
a molecule in place of some other part which is removed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stit"ute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>substitutus</i>, p. p. of <i>substituere</i> to put under, put in
the place of; <i>sub</i> under + <i>statuere</i> to put, place: cf. F.
<i>substitut</i>. See <u>Statute</u>.] <def>One who, or that which, is
substituted or put in the place of another; one who acts for another;
that which stands in lieu of something else</def>; specifically
<i>(Mil.)</i>, <def>a person who enlists for military service in the
place of a conscript or drafted man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hast thou not made me here thy
<i>substitute</i>?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ladies [in Shakespeare's age] . . . wore masks as the
sole <i>substitute</i> known to our ancestors for the modern
parasol.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stit"ute</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Substituted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Substituting</u> (?).] [See <u>Substitute</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To put in the place of another person or
thing; to exchange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some few verses are inserted or <i>substituted</i> in
the room of others.</blockquote> <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"stit"uted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exchanged; put in the place of another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing substitutions or
replacements; having been subjected to the process of substitution, or
having some of its parts replaced; as, alcohol is a <i>substituted</i>
water; methyl amine is a <i>substituted</i> ammonia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Substituted executor</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an
executor appointed to act in place of one removed or
resigned.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub`sti*tu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>substitutio</i>: cf. F. <i>substitution</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of substituting or putting one person or thing in the
place of another; as, the <i>substitution</i> of an agent, attorney,
or representative to act for one in his absense; the
<i>substitution</i> of bank notes for gold and silver as a circulating
medium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being substituted for
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The office or authority of one acting for
another; delegated authority.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>The designation of a
person in a will to take a devise or legacy, either on failure of a
former devisee or legatee by incapacity or unwillingness to accept, or
after him.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine that Christ
suffered vicariously, being substituted for the sinner, and that his
sufferings were expiatory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of
substituting an atom or radical for another atom or radical;
metathesis; also, the state of being so substituted. See
<u>Metathesis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`sti*tu"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to substitution; standing in the place of another;
substituted.</def> -- <wf>Sub`sti*tu"tion*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub`sti*tu"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to substitution; substitutional.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"sti*tu`tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>substitutif</i>, L. <i>substitutivus</i> conditional.] <def>Tending
to afford or furnish a substitute; making substitution; capable of
being substituted.</def>  <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stract"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>suostraire</i>; L. <i>subtus</i> below (from <i>sub</i> under) +
<i>trahere</i> to draw. See <u>Substract</u>.] <def>To subtract; to
withdraw.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*strac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>substraction</i>, F. <i>soustraction</i>. See <u>Subtract</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Subtraction; deduction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>See <u>Subtraction</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stract"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who subtracts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A detractor; a slanderer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"strate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
substratum.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub"strate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having very slight
furrows.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*strate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>substratus</i>, p. p. of <i>substrahere</i>. See
<u>Substratum</u>.] <def>To strew or lay under anything.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The melted glass being supported by the
<i>substrated</i> sand.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*stra"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Substrata</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>substratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>substernere</i> to strew under; <i>sub</i> under + <i>sternere</i>
to strew. See <u>Stratum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is
laid or spread under; that which underlies something, as a layer of
earth lying under another; specifically <i>(Agric.)</i>, the
subsoil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>The permanent subject of
qualities or cause of phenomena; substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*struct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Substruction</u>.] <def>To build beneath something; to lay as the
foundation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>substructs</i> the religion of Asia as the
base.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*struc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>substructio</i>, fr. <i>substruere</i>, <i>substructum</i>, to
build beneath; <i>sub</i> under + <i>struere</i> to build.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Underbuilding; the foundation, or any preliminary
structure intended to raise the lower floor or basement of a building
above the natural level of the ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a magnificent strong building, with a
<i>substruction</i> very remarkable.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*struc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + <i>structure</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Substruction</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An under structure; a foundation;
groundwork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sty"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
the substyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"style`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Dialing)</i>
<def>A right line on which the style, or gnomon, of a dial is erected;
being the common section of the face of the dial and a plane
perpendicular to it passing through the style.</def> [Written also
<i>substile</i>.]  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sul"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A sulphate with an excess of the base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A nonacid compound consisting of one equivalent of sulphur and
more than one equivalent of some other body, as a metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sul"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subsultory.</def> [R.]  <i>Berkley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sul"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subsilire</i>, <i>subsultum</i>, to spring up; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>salire</i> to leap.] <def>Bounding; leaping; moving by sudden leaps
or starts.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Sub*sul"to*ri*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Flippancy opposed to solemnity, the <i>subsultory</i>
to the continuous, -- these are the two frequent extremities to which
the French manner betrays men.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sub*sul"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Subsultory</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A starting, twitching, or
convulsive motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sum"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being subsumed.</def>  <i>J. B. Stallo.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-</i>
+ L. <i>sumere</i> to take.] <def>To take up into or under, as
individual under species, species under genus, or particular under
universal; to place (any one cognition) under another as belonging to
it; to include under something else.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>subsume</i> one proposition under
another.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A principle under which one might <i>subsume</i> men's
most strenuous efforts after righteousness.</blockquote> <i>W.
Pater.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sump"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of subsuming, or of including under another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The first act of consciousness was a <i>subsumption</i>
of that of which we were conscious under this notion.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is subsumed, as the minor clause
or premise of a syllogism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But whether you see cause to go against the rule, or
the <i>subsumption</i> under the rule.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sump"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to,
or containing, a subsumption.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tan"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>The part of the axis contained between the ordinate and tangent
drawn to the same point in a curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`tar*ta"re*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being or
living under Tartarus; infernal.</def> "<i>Subtartarean</i> powers."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tec"ta*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + L. <i>tectum</i> a roof.] <def>A space under a roof; a
tabernacle; a dwelling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Davies (Holy Roode).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*teg`u*la"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subtegulaneus</i>; <i>sub</i> under + <i>tegulare</i> tiles for a
roof.] <def>Under the roof or eaves; within doors.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*ten"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who rents a tenement, or land, etc., of one who is also a
tenant; an undertenant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subtended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subtending</u>.] [L. <i>subtendere</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>tendere</i> to stretch, extend. See <u>Tend</u>.] <def>To extend
under, or be opposed to; as, the line of a triangle which
<i>subtends</i> the right angle; the chord <i>subtends</i> an
arc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subtendere</i>, <i>subtentum</i>. See <u>Subtend</u>, <u>Tense</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A line subtending, or
stretching across; a chord; as, the <i>subtense</i> of an
arc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tep"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slightly
tepid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`te*rete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
terete.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*ter"flu*ent</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*ter"flu*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subterfluens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>subterfluere</i> to flow beneath; <i>subter</i> under +
<i>fluere</i> to flow.] <def>Running under or beneath.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub"ter*fuge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from LL.
<i>subterfugium</i>, fr. L. <i>subterfugere</i> to flee secretly, to
escape; <i>subter</i> under + <i>fugere</i> to flee. See
<u>Fugitive</u>.] <def>That to which one resorts for escape or
concealment; an artifice employed to escape censure or the force of an
argument, or to justify opinions or conduct; a shift; an
evasion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Affect not little shifts and <i>subterfuges</i>, to
avoid the force of an argument.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By a miserable <i>subterfuge</i>, they hope to render
this position safe by rendering it nugatory.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ter*rane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>subterraneum</i>, F. <i>souterrain</i>. See <u>Subterranean</u>.]
<def>A cave or room under ground.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ter*ra"ne*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subterranean.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub`ter*ra"ne*an</hw> (?), <hw>Sub`ter*ra"ne*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subterraneus</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>terra</i> earth. See <u>Terrace</u>.] <def>Being or lying under the
surface of the earth; situated within the earth, or under ground; as,
<i>subterranean</i> springs; a <i>subterraneous</i> passage.</def> --
<wf>Sub`ter*ra"ne*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ter*ran"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place
under ground; a subterrany.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"ter*ra*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subterranean.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A subterranean place.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`ter*rene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subterrenus</i>, equiv. to <i>subterraneus</i>.]
<def>Subterraneous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`ter*res"tri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subterranean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`tha*lam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the optic thalamus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>subtilis</i>.
See <u>Subtile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thin; not dense or gross;
rare; as, <i>subtile</i> air; <i>subtile</i> vapor; a <i>subtile</i>
medium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Delicately constituted or constructed;
nice; fine; delicate; tenuous; finely woven.</def> "A <i>sotil</i>
[subtile] twine's thread."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>More <i>subtile</i> web Arachne can not
spin.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do distinguish plain<BR>
Each <i>subtile</i> line of her immortal face.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Acute; piercing; searching.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The slow disease and <i>subtile</i> pain.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by nicety of discrimination;
discerning; delicate; refined; subtle.</def> [In this sense now
commonly written <i>subtle</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The genius of the Spanish people is exquisitely
<i>subtile</i>, without being at all acute; hence there is so much
humor and so little wit in their literature. The genius of the
Italians, on the contrary, is acute, profound, and sensual, but not
<i>subtile</i>; hence what they think to be humorous, is merely
witty.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>subtile</i> influence of an intellect like
Emerson's.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Sly; artful; cunning; crafty; subtle; as, a
<i>subtile</i> person; a <i>subtile</i> adversary; a <i>subtile</i>
scheme.</def> [In this sense now commonly written <i>subtle</i>.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Subtile</u>, <u>Acute</u>.  In <i>acute</i> the
image is that of a needle's point; in <i>subtile</i> that of a thread
spun out to fineness. The <i>acute</i> intellect pierces to its aim;
the <i>subtile</i> (or <i>subtle</i>) intellect winds its way through
obstacles.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sub"tile*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sub"tile*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub*til"i*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>subtiliare</i>.] <def>To make thin or rare.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Harvey.</i> -- <wf>Sub`til*i*a"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.] <pos><i>Boyle.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sub"til*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being subtile; subtility; subtlety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The high orthodox <i>subtilism</i> of Duns
Scotus.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subtilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>subtilit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Subtle</u>.]
<def>Subtilty.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`til*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subtilization</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of making
subtile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>The operation of making
so volatile as to rise in steam or vapor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Refinement; subtlety; extreme
attenuation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"til*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Subtilized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Subtilizing</u> (?).] [L. <i>subtiliser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make thin or fine; to make less gross or
coarse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To refine; to spin into niceties; as, to
<i>subtilize</i> arguments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor as yet have we <i>subtilized</i> ourselves into
savages.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"til*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To refine in
argument; to make very nice distinctions.</def>  <i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"til*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
subtilizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"til*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr.
<i>subtility</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being subtile; thinness; fineness; as, the <i>subtility</i> of air or
light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Refinement; extreme acuteness;
subtlety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Intelligible discourses are spoiled by too much
<i>subtility</i> in nice divisions.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cunning; skill; craft.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To learn a lewd man this <i>subtility</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Slyness in design; artifice; guile; a
cunning design or artifice; a trick; subtlety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O full of all <i>subtility</i> and all
mischief.</blockquote> <i>Acts xiii. 10.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In senses 2, 3, and 4 the word is more commonly written
<i>subtlety</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Sub"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Subtler</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Subtlest</u> (?).] [OE. <i>sotil</i>,
<i>subtil</i>, OF. <i>soutil</i>, later <i>subtil</i>, F.
<i>subtil</i>, L. <i>subtilis</i>; probably, originally, woven fine,
and fr. <i>sub</i> under + <i>tela</i> a web, fr. <i>texere</i> to
weave. See <u>Text</u>, and cf. <u>Subtile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sly in design; artful; cunning; insinuating; subtile; -- applied
to persons; as, a <i>subtle</i> foe.</def> "A <i>subtle</i> traitor."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cunningly devised; crafty; treacherous; as,
a <i>subtle</i> stratagem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by refinement and niceness in
drawing distinctions; nicely discriminating; -- said of persons; as, a
<i>subtle</i> logician; refined; tenuous; sinuous; insinuating; hence,
penetrative or pervasive; -- said of the mind; its faculties, or its
operations; as, a <i>subtle</i> intellect; a <i>subtle</i>
imagination; a <i>subtle</i> process of thought; also, difficult of
apprehension; elusive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Things remote from use, obscure and
<i>subtle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Smooth and deceptive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like to a bowl upon a <i>subtle</i> ground [bowling
ground].</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Artful; crafty; cunning; shrewd; sly; wily.
<i>Subtle</i> is the most comprehensive of these epithets and implies
the finest intellectual quality. See <u>Shrewd</u>, and
<u>Cunning</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1438 !></p>

<p><hw>Sub"tle*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being subtle; subtlety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"tle*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subtleties</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>sotelte</i>, <i>sutilte</i>,
OF. <i>sotillete</i>, L. <i>subtilitas</i>. See <u>Subtle</u>, and cf.
<u>Subtility</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being subtle, or sly; cunning; craftiness; artfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fox which lives by <i>subtlety</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nice discernment with delicacy of mental
action; nicety of discrimination.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something that is sly, crafty, or
delusive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unlearned in the world's false
<i>subtleties</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"tly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a subtle
manner; slyly; artfully; cunningly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou seest how <i>subtly</i> to detain thee I
devise.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nicely; delicately.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the nice bee what sense so <i>subtly</i>
true.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Subtly</i> communicating itself to my sensibilities,
but evading the analysis of my mind.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Deceitfully; delusively.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phonetics)</i>
<def>Applied to, or distinguishing, a speech element consisting of
tone, or proper vocal sound, not pure as in the vowels, but dimmed and
otherwise modified by some kind of obstruction in the oral or the
nasal passage, and in some cases with a mixture of breath sound; -- a
term introduced by Dr. James Rush in 1833. See <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect;155, 199-202.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ton"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>A subtonic sound or element; a vocal
consonant, as <i>b</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>g</i>, <i>n</i>, etc.; a
subvocal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The seventh tone of the
scale, or that immediately below the tonic; -- called also
<i>subsemitone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tor"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
torrid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tract"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subtracted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subtracting</u>.] [L. <i>subtractus</i>, p. p. of <i>subtrahere</i>
to draw from beneath, withdraw, remove; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>trahere</i> to draw. See <u>Trace</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Substract</u>.] <def>To withdraw, or take away, as a part from
the whole; to deduct; as, <i>subtract</i> 5 from 9, and the remainder
is 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tract"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who subtracts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The subtrahend.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*trac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subtractio</i> a drawing back. See <u>Subtract</u>, and cf.
<u>Substraction</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or operation of
subtracting or taking away a part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The taking of a lesser
number or quantity from a greater of the same kind or denomination; an
operation for finding the difference between two numbers or
quantities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The withdrawing or withholding
from a person of some right to which he is entitled by law.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Thus the <i>subtraction</i> of conjugal rights is when
either the husband or wife withdraws from the other and lives separate
without sufficient reason. The <i>subtraction</i> of a legacy is the
withholding or detailing of it from the legatee by the executor. In
like manner, the withholding of any service, rent, duty, or custom, is
a <i>subtraction</i>, for which the law gives a remedy.
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*trac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tending, or having power, to subtract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Having the negative sign, or
sign minus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"tra*hend`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subtrahendus</i> that is to be subtracted, p.fut.pess. of
<i>subtrahere</i>. See <u>Subtract</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The sum
or number to be subtracted, or taken from another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`trans*lu"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
perfectly translucent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`trans*pa"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
perfectly transparent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*treas"ur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The public
officer who has charge of a subtreasury.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*treas"ur*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Subtreasuries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A subordinate treasury, or
place of deposit; as, the United States <i>subtreasury</i> at New
York.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`tri*an"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly,
but not perfectly, triangular.</def>  <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub"tribe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of a tribe; a group of genera of a
little lower rank than a tribe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`tri*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Approaching
the form of a three-sided pyramid; as, the <i>subtrihedral</i> crown
of a tooth.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tri"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Containing a third, or one part to three.</def>  <i>Bp.
Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*trip"li*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Expressed by the cube root; -- said especially of
ratios.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Subtriplicate ratio</b></col>, <cd>the ratio of the cube
root; thus, the <i>subtriplicate ratio</i> of <i>a</i> to <i>b</i> is
&cuberoot;<i>a</i> to &cuberoot;<i>b</i>, or
&cuberoot;<fract><i>a</i>/<i>b</i></fract>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sub*trop"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nearly
tropical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*trude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subtruded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subtruding</u>.] [Pref. <i>sub-</i> + L. <i>trudere</i> to thrust.]
<def>To place under; to insert.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub`tur*ric"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Somewhat turriculate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*tu"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An under
tutor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*typ"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Deviating somewhat from the type of a
species, genus, or other group; slightly aberrant.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su"bu*late</hw> (?), <hw>Su"bu*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>subulatus</i>, fr. L. <i>subula</i> an
awl.] <def>Very narrow, and tapering gradually to a fine point from a
broadish base; awl-shaped; linear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su`bu*li*cor"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from L. <i>subula</i> an awl + <i>cornu</i> horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of insects having slender or subulate antenn&aelig;.
The dragon flies and May flies are examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"bu*li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Subulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"bu*li*palp`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>subula</i>
an awl + E. <i>palp</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a group of
carabid beetles having slender palpi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`um*bo"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Beneath or forward of the umbos of a bivalve
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`um*brel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The integument of the under surface of the
bell, or disk-shaped body, of a jellyfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`un*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + L. <i>unda</i> a wave.] <def>A flood; a deluge.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Huloet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*un"gual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Under the nail
or hoof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"urb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suburbium</i>;
<i>sub</i> under, below, near + <i>urbs</i> a city. See <u>Urban</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An outlying part of a city or town; a smaller
place immediately adjacent to a city; in the plural, the region which
is on the confines of any city or large town; as, a house stands in
the <i>suburbs</i>; a garden situated in the <i>suburbs</i> of
Paris.</def> "In the <i>suburbs</i> of a town."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[London] could hardly have contained less than thirty
or forty thousand souls within its walls; and the <i>suburbs</i> were
very populous.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the confines; the outer part; the
environment.</def> "The <i>suburbs</i> . . . of sorrow."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>suburb</i> of their straw-built
citadel.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Suburb roister</b></col>, <cd>a rowdy; a loafer.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ur"ban</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suburbanus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to suburbs; inhabiting, or
being in, the suburbs of a city.</def> "<i>Suburban</i> taverns."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Suburban</i> villas, highway-side retreats, . . .
<BR>
Delight the citizen.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ur"ban</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who dwells in
the suburbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"urbed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a suburb
or suburbs on its outer part.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*ur"bi*al</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*ur"bi*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suburban.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Suburbial</i>
fields." <i>Warton.</i> "<i>Suburbian</i> muse." <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sub*ur`bi*ca"ri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Sub*ur"bi*ca*ry</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>suburbicarius</i>, equiv. to L.
<i>suburbanus</i>: cf. F. <i>suburbicaire</i>. See <u>Suburban</u>.]
<def>Being in the suburbs; -- applied to the six dioceses in the
suburbs of Rome subject to the pope as bishop of Rome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pope having stretched his authority beyond the
bounds of his <i>suburbicarian</i> precincts.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`u*re"thral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the urethra, or under its orifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vag"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under or inside a sheath or vaginal membrane; as, the
<i>subvaginal</i>, or subdural, spaces about the optic
nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`va*ri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ties</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A subordinate variety, or a
division of a variety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subvened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subvening</u>.] [Pref. <i>sub-</i> + L. <i>venire</i> to come. See
<u>Subvention</u>.] <def>To come under, as a support or stay; to
happen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A future state must needs <i>subvene</i> to prevent the
whole edifice from falling into ruin.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ven*ta"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + L. <i>ventus</i> wind.] <def>Produced by the wind.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*ven"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>subventio</i>, fr. L. <i>subvenire</i> to come up to one's
assistance, to assist. See <u>Souvenir</u>, and cf. <u>Subvene</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of coming under.</def> "The
<i>subvention</i> of a cloud."  <i>Stackhouse.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of relieving, as of a burden;
support; aid; assistance; help.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A government aid or bounty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ven"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
subventionize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ven"tion*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To come
to the aid of; to subsidize; to support.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ven*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Helping;
aiding; supporting.</def>  <i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*verse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subversus</i>, p. p. of <i>subvertere</i>. See <u>Subvert</u>.]
<def>To subvert.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>subversio</i>: cf. F. <i>subversion</i>. See <u>Subvert</u>.]
<def>The act of overturning, or the state of being overturned; entire
overthrow; an overthrow from the foundation; utter ruin; destruction;
as, the <i>subversion</i> of a government; the <i>subversion</i> of
despotic power; the <i>subversion</i> of the constitution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>subversion</i> [by a storm] of woods and timber
. . . through my whole estate.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Laws have been often abused to the oppression and
<i>subversion</i> of that order they were intended to
preserve.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ver"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Promoting
destruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ver"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>subversif</i>.] <def>Tending to subvert; having a tendency to
overthrow and ruin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lying is a vice <i>subversive</i> of the very ends and
design of conversation.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Subverted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Subverting</u>.] [L. <i>subvertere</i>, <i>subversum</i>;
<i>sub</i> under + <i>vertere</i> to turn: cf. F. <i>subvertir</i>.
See <u>Verse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To overturn from the
foundation; to overthrow; to ruin utterly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These are his substance, sinews, arms, and
strength,<BR>
With which he yoketh your rebellious necks,<BR>
Razeth your cities, and <i>subverts</i> your towns.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This would <i>subvert</i> the principles of all
knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pervert, as the mind, and turn it from
the truth; to corrupt; to confound.</def>  <i>2 Tim. iii. 14.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To overturn; overthrow; destroy; invert; reverse;
extinguish.</p>

<p><hw>Sub*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To overthrow
anything from the foundation; to be subversive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They have a power given to them like that of the evil
principle, to <i>subvert</i> and destroy.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vert"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Reversed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sub*ver"te*bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated beneath, or on the ventral side of, the vertebral
column; situated beneath, or inside of, the endoskeleton; hypaxial;
hyposkeletal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vert"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, subverts; an overthrower.</def>  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vert"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
subverted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vi"tal*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imperfectly
vitalized; having naturally but little vital power or
energy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*vo"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Subtonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An underground way
or gallery; especially, a passage under a street, in which water
mains, gas mains, telegraph wires, etc., are conducted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*work"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
worker or helper.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sub*zon"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under a zone, or zona; -- applied to a membrane between
the zona radiata and the umbilical vesicle in the mammal
embryo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*zyg`o*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated under the zygoma or zygomatic process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>succus</i>,
<i>sucus</i>, juice: cf. F. <i>succade</i> a sugarbox.  Cf.
<u>Sucket</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sweetmeat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Sweetmeats, or
preserves in sugar, whether fruit, vegetables, or confections.</def>
<i>Blakely.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Succade gourd</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Vegetable marrow</i>, under <u>Vegetable</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suc"ce*dane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
succedaneum.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc`ce*da"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succedaneus</i>. See <u>Succeed</u>.] <def>Pertaining to, or acting
as, a succedaneum; supplying the place of something else; being, or
employed as, a substitute for another.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc`ce*da"ne*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Succedanea</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Succedaneous</u>.]
<def>One who, or that which, succeeds to the place of another; that
which is used for something else; a substitute</def>; specifically
<i>(Med.)</i>, <def>a remedy used as a substitute for
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In lieu of me, you will have a very charming
<i>succedaneum</i>, Lady Harriet Stanhope.</blockquote>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ceed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Succeeded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Succeeding</u>.] [L. <i>succedere</i>, <i>successum</i>; <i>sub</i>
under + <i>cedere</i> to go, to go along, approach, follow, succeed:
cf. F. <i>succ&eacute;der</i>. See <u>Cede</u>, and cf.
<u>Success</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To follow in order; to come
next after; hence, to take the place of; as, the king's eldest son
<i>succeeds</i> his father on the throne; autumn <i>succeeds</i>
summer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As he saw him nigh <i>succeed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fall heir to; to inherit.</def> [Obs. &
R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come after; to be subsequent or
consequent to; to follow; to pursue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Destructive effects . . . <i>succeeded</i> the
curse.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To support; to prosper; to promote.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Succeed</i> my wish and second my
design.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ceed"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To come in the place of another person, thing, or event; to come
next in the usual, natural, or prescribed course of things; to follow;
hence, to come next in the possession of anything; -- often with
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the father left only daughters, they equally
<i>succeeded</i> to him in copartnership.</blockquote> <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Enjoy till I return<BR>
Short pleasures; for long woes are to <i>succeed</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: To ascend the throne after
the removal the death of the occupant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No woman shall <i>succeed</i> in Salique
land.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To descend, as an estate or an heirloom, in
the same family; to devolve.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To obtain the object desired; to accomplish
what is attempted or intended; to have a prosperous issue or
termination; to be successful; as, he <i>succeeded</i> in his plans;
his plans <i>succeeded</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is almost impossible for poets to <i>succeed</i>
without ambition.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Spenser endeavored it in Shepherd's Kalendar; but
neither will it <i>succeed</i> in English.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To go under cover.</def> [A latinism.
Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Will you to the cooler cave
<i>succeed</i>!</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To follow; pursue. See <u>Follow</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Suc*ceed"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Succeeding one another; following.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ceed"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
successor.</def>  <i>Shak. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ceed"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one
who, or that which, succeeds; also, that which succeeds, or follows
after; consequence.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cen*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., an accompanier
in singing, fr. <i>succinere</i> to sing, to accompany; <i>sub</i>
under, after + <i>canere</i> to sing.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A
subchanter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>successus</i>:
cf. F. <i>succ&egrave;s</i>. See <u>Succeed</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act of succeeding; succession.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then all the sons of these five brethren reigned<BR>
By due <i>success</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which comes after; hence, consequence,
issue, or result, of an endeavor or undertaking, whether good or bad;
the outcome of effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men . . . that are like to do that, that is committed
to them, and to report back again faithfully the
<i>success</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Perplexed and troubled at his bad <i>success</i><BR>
The tempter stood.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The favorable or prosperous termination of
anything attempted; the attainment of a proposed object; prosperous
issue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dream of <i>success</i> and happy victory!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Or teach with more <i>success</i> her son<BR>
The vices of the time to shun.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Military <i>successes</i>, above all others, elevate
the minds of a people.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which meets with, or one who
accomplishes, favorable results, as a play or a player.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><! p. 1439 !></p>

<p><hw>Suc"ces*sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Succession.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My peculiar honors, not derived<BR>
From <i>successary</i>, but purchased with my blood.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cess"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resulting in
success; assuring, or promotive of, success; accomplishing what was
proposed; having the desired effect; hence, prosperous; fortunate;
happy; as, a <i>successful</i> use of medicine; a <i>successful</i>
experiment; a <i>successful</i> enterprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Welcome, nephews, from <i>successful</i>
wars.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Happy; prosperous; fortunate; auspicious; lucky. See
<u>Fortunate</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Suc*cess"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Suc*cess"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>successio</i>: cf. F. <i>succession</i>. See <u>Succeed</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of succeeding, or following after; a
following of things in order of time or place, or a series of things
so following; sequence; as, a <i>succession</i> of good crops; a
<i>succession</i> of disasters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A series of persons or things according to
some established rule of precedence; as, a <i>succession</i> of kings,
or of bishops; a <i>succession</i> of events in chronology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was in the <i>succession</i> to an
earldom.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An order or series of descendants; lineage;
race; descent.</def> "A long <i>succession</i> must ensue."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The power or right of succeeding to the
station or title of a father or other predecessor; the right to enter
upon the office, rank, position, etc., held ny another; also, the
entrance into the office, station, or rank of a predecessor;
specifically, the succeeding, or right of succeeding, to a
throne.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have the voice of the king himself for your
<i>succession</i> in Denmark.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The animosity of these factions did not really arise
from the dispute about the <i>succession</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The right to enter upon the possession of
the property of an ancestor, or one near of kin, or one preceding in
an established order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The person succeeding to rank or office; a
successor or heir.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Apostolical succession</b></col>. <i>(Theol.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Apostolical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Succession duty</b></col>,
<cd>a tax imposed on every succession to property, according to its
value and the relation of the person who succeeds to the previous
owner.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Succession of crops</b></col>.
<i>(Agric.)</i> <cd>See <i>Rotation of crops</i>, under
<u>Rotation</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a succession; existing in a regular order;
consecutive.</def> "<i>Successional</i> teeth." <i>Flower.</i> --
<wf>Suc*ces"sion*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
insists on the importance of a regular succession of events, offices,
etc.; especially <i>(Eccl.)</i>, one who insists that apostolic
succession alone is valid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>successif</i>. See <u>Succeed</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Following in order or in uninterrupted course; coming after
without interruption or interval; following one after another in a
line or series; consecutive; as, the <i>successive</i> revolution of
years; the <i>successive</i> kings of Egypt; <i>successive</i> strokes
of a hammer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Send the <i>successive</i> ills through ages
down.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having or giving the right of succeeding to
an inheritance; inherited by succession; hereditary; as, a
<i>successive</i> title; a <i>successive</i> empire.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Successive induction</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Induction</u>, 5.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
successive manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whiteness, at length, changed <i>successively</i>
into blue, indigo, and violet.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being successive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cess"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
success.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Successless</i> all her soft caresses
prove.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Suc*cess"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Suc*cess"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ces"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>successour</i>, OF. <i>successur</i>, <i>successor</i>, F.
<i>successeur</i>, L. <i>successor</i>. See <u>Succeed</u>.] <def>One
who succeeds or follows; one who takes the place which another has
left, and sustains the like part or character; -- correlative to
<i>predecessor</i>; as, the <i>successor</i> of a deceased king.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A gift to a corporation, either of lands or of
chattels, without naming their <i>successors</i>, vests an absolute
property in them so lond as the corporation subsists.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cid"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succiduus</i>, fr. <i>succidere</i> to fall under.] <def>Ready to
fall; falling.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succus</i>, <i>sucus</i>, juice, sap + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<def>Producing or conveying sap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc`cin*am"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of succinamic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc`cin*am"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid amide derivative of
succinic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance, and forming
a series of salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"ci*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>succinum</i>,
<i>sucinum</i>, amber, from <i>succus</i>, <i>sucus</i>, juice, sap:
cf. F. <i>succinate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of succinic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cinct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succinctus</i>, p. p. of <i>succingere</i> to gird below or from
below, to tuck up; <i>sub + cingere</i> to gird.  Cf.
<u>Cincture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Girded or tucked up; bound;
drawn tightly together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His habit fit for speed <i>succinct</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Compressed into a narrow compass; brief;
concise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let all your precepts be <i>succinct</i> and
clear.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The shortest and most <i>succinct</i> model that ever
grasped all the needs and necessities of mankind.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Short; brief; concise; summary; compendious;
laconic; terse.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Suc*cinct"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Suc*cinct"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>succinique</i>. See <u>Succinate</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, amber; specif., designating a
dibasic acid, C&?;H&?;.(CO&?;H)&?;, first obtained by the dry
distillation of amber. It is found in a number of plants, as in
lettuce and wormwood, and is also produced artificially as a white
crystalline substance having a slightly acid taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc`cin*im"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A white crystalline nitrogenous substance,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.(CO)<sub>2</sub>.NH, obtained by treating
succinic anhydride with ammonia gas. It is a typical imido acid, and
forms a series of salts. See <i>Imido acid</i>, under
<u>Imido</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"ci*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>succinite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Amber.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A garnet of an amber color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"ci*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>succinum</i> amber.] <def>Succinic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc`cin*u"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of succinuric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc`cin*u"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid amide, analogous to
succinamic acid, which is obtained as a white crystalline substance by
heating urea with succinic anhydride. It is known also in its
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cin*yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Succin</i>ic +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical characteristic
of succinic acid and certain of its derivatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Succision</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Appearing as if a part were cut
off at the extremity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*ci"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>succisio</i>,
fr. <i>succidere</i>, <i>succisum</i>, to cut away below, <i>sub</i>
under + <i>caedere</i> to cut.] <def>The act of cutting down, as of
trees; the act of cutting off.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc"cor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Succored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Succoring</u>.] [OE. <i>socouren</i>, OF. <i>sucurre</i>,
<i>soucourre</i>, <i>secorre</i>, F. <i>secourir</i>, L.
<i>succurrere</i>, <i>succursum</i>, to run under, run to the aid of,
help, succor; <i>sub</i> under + <i>currere</i> to run. See
<u>Current</u>.] <def>To run to, or run to support; hence, to help or
relieve when in difficulty, want, or distress; to assist and deliver
from suffering; to relieve; as, to <i>succor</i> a besieged
city.</def> [Written also <i>succour</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He is able to <i>succor</i> them that are
tempted.</blockquote> <i>Heb. ii. 18.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To aid; assist; relieve; deliver; help; comfort.</p>

<p><hw>Suc"cor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>socours</i>,
<i>sucurs</i>, OF. <i>sucurs</i>, <i>socors</i>, <i>secors</i>, F.
<i>secours</i>, L. <i>succursus</i>, fr. L. <i>succurrere</i>. See
<u>Succor</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Aid;
help; assistance; esp., assistance that relieves and delivers from
difficulty, want, or distress.</def> "We beseech mercy and
<i>succor</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My noble father . . . <BR>
Flying for <i>succor</i> to his servant Bannister.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The person or thing that brings
relief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This mighty <i>succor</i>, which made glad the
foe.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cor*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being succored or assisted; admitting of relief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cor*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who affords
succor; a helper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cor*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
succor.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc"co*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted from
<i>chicory</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the genus
<i>Cichorium</i>. See <u>Chicory</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"co*tash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Narragansett Indian
<i>m'sickquatash</i> corn boiled whole.] <def>Green maize and beans
boiled together. The dish is borrowed from the native Indians.</def>
[Written also <i>suckatash</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc`co*teague"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The squeteague.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Suc"cu*ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Succub&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>succubare</i> to
lie under; <i>sub</i> under + <i>cubare</i> to lie down; cf. L.
<i>succuba</i>, <i>succubo</i>, one who lies under another.] <def>A
female demon or fiend. See <u>Succubus</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though seeming in shape a woman natural<BR>
Was a fiend of the kind that <i>succub&aelig;</i> some
call.</blockquote> <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cu*bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to succuba.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cu*bous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Succuba</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the leaves so placed that
the upper part of each one is covered by the base of the next higher
leaf, as in hepatic mosses of the genus <i>Plagiochila</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Suc"cu*bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Succubi</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Succuba</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A demon or fiend; especially, a lascivious
spirit supposed to have sexual intercourse with the men by night; a
succuba.  Cf. <u>Incubus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The nightmare. See
<u>Nightmare</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sucula</i> a
winch, windlass, capstan.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A bare axis or cylinder
with staves or levers in it to turn it round, but without any
drum.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Suc"cu*lence</hw> (?), <hw>Suc"cu*len*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Succulent</u>.] <def>The quality or
condition of being succulent; juiciness; as, the <i>succulence</i> of
a peach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cu*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succulentus</i>, <i>suculentus</i>, fr. <i>succus</i>,
<i>sucus</i>, juice; perhaps akin to E. <i>suck</i>: cf. F.
<i>succulent</i>.] <def>Full of juice; juicy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Succulent</b></col><cd> plants <i>(Bot.)</i>, plants which
have soft and juicy leaves or stems, as the houseleek, the live
forever, and the species of Mesembryanthemum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cu*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a succulent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc"cu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Succulent;
juicy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc*cumb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Succumbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Succumbing</u>.] [L. <i>succumbere</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>cumbere</i> (in comp.), akin to <i>cubare</i> to lie down. See
<u>Incumbent</u>, <u>Cubit</u>.] <def>To yield; to submit; to give up
unresistingly; as, to <i>succumb</i> under calamities; to
<i>succumb</i> to disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cum"bent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succumbens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Submissive; yielding.</def> [R.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cur"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>succursale</i>. See <u>Succor</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Serving to aid or help; serving as a
chapel of ease; tributary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not a city was without its cathedral, surrounded by its
<i>succursal</i> churches, its monasteries, and convents.</blockquote>
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Suc"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Succi</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The expressed juice
of a plant, for medicinal use.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Succus entericus</b></col> (&?;). [NL., literally, juice
of the intestines.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>A fluid secreted in small by
certain glands (probably the glands of Lieberk&uuml;hn) of the small
intestines. Its exact action is somewhat doubtful.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suc`cus*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succussare</i> to jolt, v. intens. fr. <i>succutere</i>,
<i>succussum</i>, to fling up from below, to toss up; <i>sub</i> under
+ <i>quatere</i> to shake.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A trot or
trotting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shaking; succussion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cus"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>succussio</i>, from <i>succutere</i>: cf. F. <i>succussion</i>. See
<u>Succussation</u>.] <def>The act of shaking; a shake; esp.
<i>(Med.)</i>, a shaking of the body to ascertain if there be a liquid
in the thorax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*cus"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized
by a shaking motion, especially an up and down movement, and not
merely tremulous oscillation; as, the <i>succussive</i> motion in
earthquakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Such</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>such</i>,
<i>sich</i>, <i>sech</i>, <i>sik</i>, <i>swich</i>, <i>swilch</i>,
<i>swulch</i>, <i>swilc</i>, <i>swulc</i>, AS. <i>swelc</i>,
<i>swilc</i>, <i>swylc</i>; akin to OFries. <i>selik</i>, D.
<i>zulk</i>, OS. <i>sulic</i>, OHG. <i>sulih</i>, <i>solih</i>, G.
<i>solch</i>, Icel. <i>sl&imacr;kr</i>, OSw. <i>salik</i>, Sw.
<i>slik</i>, Dan. <i>slig</i>, Goth. <i>swaleiks</i>; originally
meaning, so shaped. &radic;192. See <u>So</u>, <u>Like</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Which</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of that kind; of the like kind; like; resembling; similar; as, we
never saw <i>such</i> a day; -- followed by <i>that</i> or <i>as</i>
introducing the word or proposition which defines the similarity, or
the standard of comparison; as, the books are not <i>such</i> that I
can recommend them, or, not <i>such</i> as I can recommend; these
apples are not <i>such</i> as those we saw yesterday; give your
children <i>such</i> precepts as tend to make them better.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And in his time <i>such</i> a conqueror<BR>
That greater was there none under the sun.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His misery was <i>such</i> that none of the bystanders
could refrain from weeping.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The indefinite article <i>a</i> or <i>an</i> never precedes
<i>such</i>, but is placed between it and the noun to which it refers;
as, <i>such a</i> man; <i>such an</i> honor. The indefinite adjective
<i>some</i>, <i>several</i>, <i>one</i>, <i>few</i>, <i>many</i>,
<i>all</i>, etc., precede <i>such</i>; as, one <i>such</i> book is
enough; all <i>such</i> people ought to be avoided; few <i>such</i>
ideas were then held.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the particular quality or character
specified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That thou art happy, owe to God;<BR>
That thou continuest <i>such</i>, owe to thyself.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The same that; -- with <i>as</i>; as, this
was the state of the kingdom at <i>such</i> time as the enemy
landed.</def> "[It] hath <i>such</i> senses as we have."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Certain; -- representing the object as
already particularized in terms which are not mentioned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In rushed one and tells him <i>such</i> a knight<BR>
Is new arrived.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To-day or to-morrow we will go into <i>such</i> a city,
and continue there a year.</blockquote> <i>James iv. 13.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Such</i> is used pronominally. "He was the father of
<i>such</i> as dwell in tents." <i>Gen. iv. 20.</i> "<i>Such</i> as I
are free in spirit when our limbs are chained." <i>Sir W. Scott.</i>
<i>Such</i> is also used before adjectives joined to substantives; as,
the fleet encountered <i>such</i> a terrible storm that it put back.
"Everything was managed with so much care, and <i>such</i> excellent
order was observed." <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Temple sprung from a family which . . . long after his
death produced so many eminent men, and formed <i>such</i>
distinguished alliances, that, etc.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><i>Such</i> is used emphatically, without the correlative.</p>

<p><blockquote>Now will he be mocking:<BR>
I shall have <i>such</i> a life.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><i>Such</i> was formerly used with numerals in the sense of
<i>times as much</i> or <i>as many</i>; as, <i>such ten</i>, or ten
times as many.</p>

<p><col><b>Such and such</b></col>, or <col><b>Such or such</b></col>,
<cd>certain; some; -- used to represent the object indefinitely, as
already particularized in one way or another, or as being of one kind
or another.</cd> "In <i>such and such</i> a place shall be my camp."
<i>2 Kings vi. 8.</i> "Sovereign authority may enact a law commanding
<i>such and such</i> an action." <i>South.</i> -- <col><b>Such
like</b></col> or <col><b>character</b></col>, <cd>of the like
kind.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And many other <i>such like</i> things ye
do.</blockquote> <i>Mark vii. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`cho*spon"dy*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a
crocodile + &?; a vertebra.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having dorsal
vertebr&aelig; with long and divided transverse processes; -- applied
to certain reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Such"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a such a
manner; so.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sucked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sucking</u>.] [OE. <i>suken</i>, <i>souken</i>, AS. <i>s&?;can</i>,
<i>s&?;gan</i>; akin to D. <i>zuigen</i>, G. <i>saugen</i>, OHG.
<i>s&?;gan</i>, Icel. <i>s&?;ga</i>, <i>sj&?;ga</i>, Sw. <i>suga</i>,
Dan. <i>suge</i>, L. <i>sugere</i>.  Cf. <u>Honeysuckle</u>,
<u>Soak</u>, <u>Succulent</u>, <u>Suction</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To draw, as a liquid, by the action of the mouth and tongue,
which tends to produce a vacuum, and causes the liquid to rush in by
atmospheric pressure; to draw, or apply force to, by exhausting the
air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw liquid from by the action of the
mouth; as, to <i>suck</i> an orange; specifically, to draw milk from
(the mother, the breast, etc.) with the mouth; as, the young of an
animal <i>sucks</i> the mother, or dam; an infant <i>sucks</i> the
breast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw in, or imbibe, by any process
resembles sucking; to inhale; to absorb; as, to <i>suck</i> in air;
the roots of plants <i>suck</i> water from the ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To draw or drain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old ocean, <i>sucked</i> through the porous
globe.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To draw in, as a whirlpool; to swallow
up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As waters are by whirlpools <i>sucked</i> and
drawn.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To suck in</b></col>, <cd>to draw into the mouth; to
imbibe; to absorb.</cd> -- <col><b>To suck out</b></col>, <cd>to draw
out with the mouth; to empty by suction.</cd> -- <col><b>To suck
up</b></col>, <cd>to draw into the mouth; to draw up by suction or
absorption.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Suck</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
draw, or attempt to draw, something by suction, as with the mouth, or
through a tube.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the bee <i>sucks</i>, there <i>suck</i>
I.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw milk from the breast or udder; as,
a child, or the young of an animal, is first nourished by
<i>sucking</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw in; to imbibe; to partake.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The crown had <i>sucked</i> too hard, and now, being
full, was like to draw less.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of drawing with the mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is drawn into the mouth by
sucking; specifically, mikl drawn from the breast.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small draught.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Juice; succulence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suck"an*hock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of American Indian
origin.] <def>A kind of seawan. See Note under
<u>Seawan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suck"a*tash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Succotash</u>.</def>  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suck"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Socome</u>,
<u>Soc</u>.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The jurisdiction of a mill, or
that extent of ground astricted to it, the tenants of which are bound
to bring their grain thither to be ground.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1440 !></p>

<p><hw>Suck"er</hw> (s&ubreve;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, sucks; esp., one of
the organs by which certain animals, as the octopus and remora, adhere
to other bodies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A suckling; a sucking animal.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The embolus, or bucket, of a pump; also,
the valve of a pump basket.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pipe through which anything is
drawn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A small piece of leather, usually round,
having a string attached to the center, which, when saturated with
water and pressed upon a stone or other body having a smooth surface,
adheres, by reason of the atmospheric pressure, with such force as to
enable a considerable weight to be thus lifted by the string; -- used
by children as a plaything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A shoot from the roots or
lower part of the stem of a plant; -- so called, perhaps, from
diverting nourishment from the body of the plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
one of numerous species of North American fresh-water cyprinoid fishes
of the family <i>Catostomid&aelig;</i>; so called because the lips are
protrusile. The flesh is coarse, and they are of little value as food.
The most common species of the Eastern United States are the northern
sucker (<i>Catostomus Commersoni</i>), the white sucker (<i>C.
teres</i>), the hog sucker (<i>C. nigricans</i>), and the chub, or
sweet sucker (<i>Erimyzon sucetta</i>). Some of the large Western
species are called <i>buffalo fish</i>, <i>red horse</i>, <i>black
horse</i>, and <i>suckerel</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
remora.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The lumpfish.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The hagfish, or myxine.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A California food fish (<i>Menticirrus
undulatus</i>) closely allied to the kingfish <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>; --
called also <i>bagre</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A parasite; a sponger. See def. 6,
above.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They who constantly converse with men far above their
estates shall reap shame and loss thereby; if thou payest nothing,
they will count thee a <i>sucker</i>, no branch.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A hard drinker; a soaker.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A greenhorn; one easily gulled.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A nickname applied to a native of
Illinois.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Carp sucker</b></col>, <col><b>Cherry sucker</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Carp</u>, <u>Cherry</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Sucker fish</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Sucking fish</i>, under
<u>Sucking</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sucker rod</b></col>, <cd>a pump rod.
See under <u>Pump</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sucker tube</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the external ambulacral tubes of an
echinoderm, -- usually terminated by a sucker and used for locomotion.
Called also <i>sucker foot</i>. See <u>Spatangoid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suckered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suckering</u>.] <def>To strip off the suckers or shoots from; to
deprive of suckers; as, to <i>sucker</i> maize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suck"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form suckers; as,
corn <i>suckers</i> abundantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suck"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Suck</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Succades</u>.] <def>A sweetmeat; a dainty
morsel.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suck"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A sucker fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suck"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drawing milk from the
mother or dam; hence, colloquially, young, inexperienced, as, a
<i>sucking</i> infant; a <i>sucking</i> calf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I suppose you are a young barrister, <i>sucking</i>
lawyer, or that sort of thing.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sucking bottle</b></col>, <cd>a feeding bottle. See under
<u>Bottle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sucking fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the remora. See <u>Remora</u>.</cd>
<i>Baird.</i> -- <col><b>Sucking pump</b></col>, <cd>a suction pump.
See under <u>Suction</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sucking stomach</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the muscular first stomach of certain insects
and other invertebrates which suck liquid food.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Suc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A teat.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suckled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suckling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>suck</i>.] <def>To give suck to; to
nurse at the breast.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The breasts of Hecuba<BR>
When she did <i>suckle</i> Hector, looked not lovelier.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are not weak, <i>suckled</i> by
Wisdom.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suc"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To nurse; to
suck.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Suc"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An animal that suckles its young; a mammal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suck"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sokeling</i>.
See <u>Suck</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
young child or animal nursed at the breast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small kind of yellow clover (<i>Trifolium
filiforme</i>) common in Southern Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
compound of sucrose (or of some related carbohydrate) with some base,
after the analogy of a salt; as, sodium <i>sucrate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su"cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A silver coin of
Ecuador, worth 68 cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"crose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sucre</i>
sugar. See <u>Sugar</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A common variety of
sugar found in the juices of many plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum,
sugar maple, beet root, etc. It is extracted as a sweet, white
crystalline substance which is valuable as a food product, and, being
antiputrescent, is largely used in the preservation of fruit. Called
also <i>saccharose</i>, <i>cane sugar</i>, etc. By extension, any one
of the class of isomeric substances (as <i>lactose</i>,
<i>maltose</i>, etc.) of which sucrose proper is the type.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Sucrose proper is a dextrorotatory carbohydrate,
C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>22</sub>O<sub>11</sub>. It does not reduce
Fehling's solution, and though not directly fermentable, yet on
standing with yeast it is changed by the diastase present to invert
sugar (<i>dextrose</i> and <i>levulose</i>), which then breaks down to
alcohol and carbon dioxide. It is also decomposed to invert sugar by
heating with acids, whence it is also called a <i>disaccharate</i>.
Sucrose possesses at once the properties of an alcohol and a ketone,
and also forms compounds (called <i>sucrates</i>) analogous to salts.
Cf. <u>Sugar</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Suc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sugere</i>,
<i>suctum</i>, to suck; cf. OF. <i>suction</i>. See <u>Suck</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The act or process of sucking; the act
of drawing, as fluids, by exhausting the air.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Suction chamber</b></col>, <cd>the chamber of a pump into
which the suction pipe delivers.</cd> -- <col><b>Suction
pipe</b></col>, <col><b>Suction valve</b></col>, <cd>the induction
pipe, and induction valve, of a pump, respectively.</cd> --
<col><b>Suction pump</b></col>, <cd>the common pump, in which the
water is raised into the barrel by atmospheric pressure.  See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Pump</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Suc*to"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Suction</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An order
of Infusoria having the body armed with somewhat stiff, tubular
processes which they use as suckers in obtaining their food. They are
usually stalked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Rhizocephala</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sugere</i>,
<i>suctum</i>, to suck.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Adapted for sucking; living by sucking; as, the humming birds are
<i>suctorial</i> birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Capable of adhering by
suction; as, the <i>suctorial</i> fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cartilaginous fish with a mouth adapted for
suction, as the lampery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Suctoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suc*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Suctorial.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Su*dam"i*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl</i></pos>, sing.
<singw><b>Sudamen</b></singw> (&?;). [NL. <i>sudamen</i>, <i>-
inis</i>, fr. <i>sudare</i> to sweat. See <u>Sweat</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Minute vesicles surrounded by an area of reddened skin, produced
by excessive sweating.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su*da"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
handkerchief.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The handkerchief upon which the
Savior is said to have impressed his own portrait miraculously, when
wiping his face with it, as he passed to the crucifixion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"da*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sudarium</i>,
fr. <i>sudare</i> to sweat. See <u>Sweat</u>.] <def>A napkin or
handkerchief.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Wyclif. R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sudatio</i>,
fr. <i>sudare</i> to sweat: cf. F. <i>sudation</i>.] <def>A
sweating.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Su`da*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sudatoria</b></plw> (#). [L.] <def>A sudatory.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"da*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sudatorius</i>, fr. <i>sudare</i> to sweat: cf. F.
<i>sudatoire</i>. See <u>Sweat</u>.] <def>Sweating;
perspiring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"da*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sudatories</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sudatorium</i>.] <def>A
bagnio; a sweating bath; a vapor bath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>sudatories</i> are much in request for many
infirmities.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sud"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sodian</i>,
<i>sodein</i>, OF. <i>sodain</i>, <i>sudain</i>, F. <i>soudain</i>, L.
<i>subitaneus</i>, fr. <i>subitus</i> sudden, that has come
unexpectedly, p. p. of <i>subire</i> to come on, to steal upon;
<i>sub</i> under, secretly + <i>ire</i> to go. See <u>Issue</u>, and
cf. <u>Subitaneous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Happening without
previous notice or with very brief notice; coming unexpectedly, or
without the common preparation; immediate; instant; speedy.</def> "O
<i>sudden</i> wo!" <i>Chaucer.</i> "For fear of <i>sudden</i> death."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sudden</i> fear troubleth thee.</blockquote> <i>Job
xxii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hastly prepared or employed; quick;
rapid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never was such a <i>sudden</i> scholar
made.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The apples of Asphaltis, appearing goodly to the
<i>sudden</i> eye.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hasty; violent; rash; precipitate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unexpected; unusual; abrupt; unlooked-for.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sud"den*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sud"den*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sud"den</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Suddenly;
unexpectedly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Herbs of every leaf that <i>sudden</i>
flowered.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sud"den</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An unexpected
occurrence; a surprise.</def></p>

<p><col><b>All of a sudden</b></col>, <col><b>On a sudden</b></col>,
<col><b>Of a sudden</b></col>, <cd>sooner than was expected; without
the usual preparation; suddenly.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>How art thou lost! how <i>on a sudden</i>
lost!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He withdrew his opposition <i>all of a
sudden</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sud"den*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>soudainet&eacute;</i>.] <def>Suddenness; a sudden.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>On a suddenty</b></col>, <cd>on a sudden.</cd> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"dor*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sudor</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to sweat; as, <i>sudoral</i>
eruptions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`dor*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sudor</i> sweat + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Producing, or secreting, sweat; sudoriparous.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sudoriferous glands</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>small
convoluted tubular glands which are situated in the subcutaneous
tissues and discharge by minute orifices in the surface of the skin;
the sweat glands.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su`dor*if"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sudor</i>
sweat (akin to E. <i>sweat</i>) + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Causing
sweat; as, <i>sudorific</i> herbs.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A sudorific medicine.  Cf. <u>Diaphoretic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`dor*ip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sudor</i> sweat + <i>parere</i> to produce.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sudoriferous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"dor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sudorus</i>,
fr. <i>sudor</i> sweat.] <def>Consisting of sweat.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Su"dra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>&ccedil;&?;dra</i>.] <def>The lowest of the four great castes among
the Hindoos. See <u>Caste</u>.</def> [Written also <i>Soorah</i>,
<i>Soodra</i>, and <i>Sooder</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Suds</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Akin to <i>sodden</i>,
<i>seethe</i>. See <u>Seethe</u>.] <def>Water impregnated with soap,
esp. when worked up into bubbles and froth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In the suds</b></col>, <cd>in turmoil or difficulty.</cd>
[Colloq.] <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suing</u> (?).] [OE. <i>suen</i>, <i>sewen</i>, <i>siwen</i>, OF.
<i>sivre</i> (pres.ind. 3d sing. il <i>siut</i>, <i>suit</i>, he
follows, nous <i>sevons</i> we follow), LL. <i>sequere</i>, for L.
<i>sequi</i>, <i>secutus</i>; akin to Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>sac</i> to
accompany, and probably to E. <i>see</i>, v.t. See <u>See</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Consequence</u>, <u>Ensue</u>,
<u>Execute</u>, <u>Obsequious</u>, <u>Pursue</u>, <u>Second</u>,
<u>Sect</u> in religion, <u>Sequence</u>, <u>Suit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To follow up; to chase; to seek after; to
endeavor to win; to woo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For yet there was no man that haddle him
<i>sued</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I was beloved of many a gentle knight,<BR>
And <i>sued</i> and sought with all the service due.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sue</i> me, and woo me, and flatter me.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To seek
justice or right from, by legal process; to institute process in law
against; to bring an action against; to prosecute judicially.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To proceed with, as an action, and follow it
up to its proper termination; to gain by legal process.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>To clean, as the beak; --
said of a hawk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To leave high and dry on
shore; as, to <i>sue</i> a ship.</def>  <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To sue out</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to petition for and
take out, or to apply for and obtain; as, <i>to sue out</i> a writ in
chancery; <i>to sue out</i> a pardon for a criminal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To seek by request; to make application; to petition; to entreat;
to plead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By adverse destiny constrained to <i>sue</i><BR>
For counsel and redress, he <i>sues</i> to you.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>C&aelig;sar came to Rome to <i>sue</i> for the double
honor of a triumph and the consulship.</blockquote> <i>C.
Middleton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Indians were defeated and <i>sued</i> for
peace.</blockquote> <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To prosecute; to make legal
claim; to seek (for something) in law; as, to <i>sue</i> for
damages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To woo; to pay addresses as a lover.</def>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To be left high and dry on
the shore, as a ship.</def>  <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uniformly or evenly
distributed or spread; even; smooth. See <u>Suant</u>.</def>
<i>Thoreau.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Evenly;
smoothly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sues; a
suitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>suet</i>, dim. fr.
OF. <i>seu</i>, <i>suif</i>, F. <i>suif</i>, L. <i>sebum</i>.  Cf.
<u>Soap</u>, <u>Sebaceous</u>.] <def>The fat and fatty tissues of an
animal, especially the harder fat about the kidneys and loins in beef
and mutton, which, when melted and freed from the membranes, forms
tallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"et*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or
resembling, suet; as, a <i>suety</i> substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf-</hw> (?). <def>A form of the prefix <u>Sub-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suffered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suffering</u>.] [OE. <i>suffren</i>, <i>soffren</i>, OF.
<i>sufrir</i>, <i>sofrir</i>, F. <i>souffrir</i>, (assumed) LL.
<i>sofferire</i>, for L. <i>sufferre</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>ferre</i> to bear, akin to E. <i>bear</i>. See <u>Bear</u> to
support.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel, or endure, with pain,
annoyance, etc.; to submit to with distress or grief; to undergo; as,
to <i>suffer</i> pain of body, or grief of mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endure or undergo without sinking; to
support; to sustain; to bear up under.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our spirit and strength entire,<BR>
Strongly to <i>suffer</i> and support our pains.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To undergo; to be affected by; to sustain;
to experience; as, most substances <i>suffer</i> a change when long
exposed to air and moisture; to <i>suffer</i> loss or
damage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If your more ponderous and settled project<BR>
May <i>suffer</i> alteration.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To allow; to permit; not to forbid or
hinder; to tolerate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt in any wise rebuke thy neighbour, and not
<i>suffer</i> sin upon him.</blockquote> <i>Lev. xix. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>suffer</i> them to enter and possess.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To permit; bear; endure; support; sustain; allow;
admit; tolerate. See <u>Permit</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To feel or undergo pain of body or mind; to bear what is
inconvenient; as, we <i>suffer</i> from pain, sickness, or sorrow; we
<i>suffer</i> with anxiety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O well for him whose will is strong!<BR>
He <i>suffers</i>, but he will not <i>suffer</i> long.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To undergo punishment; specifically, to
undergo the penalty of death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The father was first condemned to <i>suffer</i> upon a
day appointed, and the son afterwards the day following.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be injured; to sustain loss or
damage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Public business <i>suffers</i> by private
infirmities.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>souffrable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Able to suffer or endure;
patient.</def> [Obs.] "Ye must be <i>sufferable</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That may be suffered, tolerated, or
permitted; allowable; tolerable.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Suf"fer*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Suf"fer*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>suffrance</i>, OF. <i>sufrance</i>, <i>soufrance</i>, F.
<i>souffrance</i>, L. <i>sufferentia</i>, from <i>sufferens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sufferre</i>. See <u>Suffer</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of suffering; the bearing of pain;
endurance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He must not only die the death,<BR>
But thy unkindness shall his death draw out<BR>
To lingering <i>sufferance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pain endured; misery; suffering;
distress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The seeming <i>sufferances</i> that you had
borne.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Loss; damage; injury.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A grievous . . . <i>sufferance</i> on most part of
their fleet.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Submission under difficult or oppressive
circumstances; patience; moderation.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But hasty heat tempering with <i>sufferance</i>
wise.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Negative consent by not forbidding or
hindering; toleration; permission; allowance; leave.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In their beginning they are weak and wan,<BR>
But soon, through <i>sufferance</i>, grow to fearful end.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Somewhiles by <i>sufferance</i>, and somewhiles by
special leave and favor, they erected to themselves
oratories.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A permission granted by the customs
authorities for the shipment of goods.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Estate of sufferance</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
holding by a tenant who came in by a lawful title, but remains, after
his right has expired, without positive leave of the owner.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>On sufferance</b></col>, <cd>by mere
toleration; as, to remain in a house <i>on sufferance</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Endurance; pain; misery; inconvenience; patience;
moderation; toleration; permission.</p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who suffers; one who endures or undergoes suffering; one who
sustains inconvenience or loss; as, <i>sufferers</i> by poverty or
sickness; men are <i>sufferers</i> by fire or by losses at
sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who permits or allows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bearing of
pain, inconvenience, or loss; pain endured; distress, loss, or injury
incurred; as, <i>sufferings</i> by pain or sorrow; <i>sufferings</i>
by want or by wrongs.</def> "Souls in <i>sufferings</i> tried."
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in pain or
grief; having loss, injury, distress, etc.</def> --
<wf>Suf"fer*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1441 !></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fice"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sufficed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sufficing</u> (?).] [OE. <i>suffisen</i>, OF. <i>soufire</i>, F.
<i>suffire</i> (cf. <i>suffisant</i>, p. pr.), L. <i>sufficere</i> to
put under, to substitute, to avail for, to suffice; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>facere</i> to make. See <u>Fact</u>.] <def>To be enough, or
sufficient; to meet the need (of anything); to be equal to the end
proposed; to be adequate.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To recount almighty works,<BR>
What words or tongue of seraph can <i>suffice</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fice"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To satisfy; to content; to be equal to the wants or demands
of.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let it <i>suffice</i> thee; speak no more unto me of
this matter.</blockquote> <i>Deut. iii. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish; to supply adequately.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The power appeased, with winds <i>sufficed</i> the
sail.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"cience</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sufficiently.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sufficientia</i>: cf. F. <i>suffisance</i>. See <u>Suffice</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being sufficient, or
adequate to the end proposed; adequacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>sufficiency</i> is such that he bestows and
possesses, his plenty being unexhausted.</blockquote>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Qualification for any purpose; ability;
capacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A substitute or most allowed
<i>sufficiency</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am not so confident of my own <i>sufficiency</i> as
not willingly to admit the counsel of others.</blockquote> <i>Eikon
Basilike.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Adequate substance or means;
competence.</def> "An elegant <i>sufficiency</i>."
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Supply equal to wants; ample stock or
fund.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Conceit; self-confidence; self-
sufficiency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sufficiency</i> is a compound of vanity and
ignorance.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sufficiens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>sufficere</i>: cf. F.
<i>suffisant</i>. See <u>Suffice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Equal
to the end proposed; adequate to wants; enough; ample; competent; as,
provision <i>sufficient</i> for the family; an army <i>sufficient</i>
to defend the country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My grace is <i>sufficient</i> for thee.</blockquote>
<i>2 Cor. xii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Possessing adequate talents or
accomplishments; of competent power or ability; qualified;
fit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who is <i>sufficient</i> for these things?</blockquote>
<i>2 Cor. ii. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Capable of meeting obligations;
responsible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The man is, notwithstanding, <i>sufficient</i> . . . I
think I may take his bond.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Self-sufficient; self-satisfied;
content.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art the most <i>sufficient</i> (I'll say for
thee),<BR>
Not to believe a thing.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Enough; adequate; competent; full; satisfactory;
ample.</p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"cient*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To a
sufficient degree; to a degree that answers the purpose, or gives
content; enough; as, we are <i>sufficiently</i> supplied with food; a
man <i>sufficiently</i> qualified for the discharge of his official
duties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affording
enough; satisfying.</def> -- <wf>Suf*fi"cing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Suf*fi"cing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"sance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Sufficiency</u>.] <def>Sufficiency; plenty; abundance;
contentment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He could in little thing have
<i>suffisaunce</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fi"sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sufficient.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suf"fix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suffixus</i>, p.
p. of <i>suffigere</i> to fasten on, to affix; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>figere</i> to fix: cf. F. <i>suffixe</i>. See <u>Fix</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A letter, letters, syllable, or syllables
added or appended to the end of a word or a root to modify the
meaning; a postfix.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A subscript mark, number, or
letter. See <u>Subscript</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suffixed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suffixing</u>.] <def>To add or annex to the end, as a letter or
syllable to a word; to append.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fix"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
suffixing, or the state of being suffixed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fix"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Suffixion.</def> [R.]  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*flam"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sufflaminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>sufflaminare</i> to hold back by a
clog, from <i>sufflamen</i> a clog.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To retard
the motion of, as a carriage, by preventing one or more of its wheels
from revolving, either by means of a chain or otherwise.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to stop; to impede.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*flate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sufflatus</i>, p. p. of <i>sufflare</i> to blow up, inflate;
<i>sub</i> under + <i>flare</i> to blow.] <def>To blow up; to inflate;
to inspire.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fla"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sufflatio</i>.] <def>The act of blowing up or inflating.</def> [R.]
<i>Coles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fo*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suffocatus</i>, p. p. of <i>suffocare</i> to choke; <i>sub</i>
under + <i>fauces</i> the throat.  Cf. <u>Faucal</u>.]
<def>Suffocated; choked.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fo*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Suffocated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Suffocating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To choke or
kill by stopping respiration; to stifle; to smother.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not hemp his windpipe
<i>suffocate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To destroy; to extinguish; as, to
<i>suffocate</i> fire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fo*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
choked, stifled, or smothered.</def> "A swelling discontent is apt to
<i>suffocate</i> and strangle without passage."  <i>collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fo*ca`ting</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Suffocate</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def> --
<wf>Suf"fo*ca`ting*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Suf`fo*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suffocatio</i>: cf. F. <i>suffocation</i>.] <def>The act of
suffocating, or the state of being suffocated; death caused by
smothering or choking.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>suffocation</i> is sometimes employed
synonymously with <i>asphyxia</i>. In the strict medico-legal sense it
signifies <i>asphyxia</i> induced by obstruction of the respiration
otherwise than by direct pressure on the neck (hanging, strangulation)
or submersion (drowning).  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fo*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending or
able to choke or stifle.</def> "<i>Suffocative</i> catarrhs."
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fos"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suffossio</i>, from <i>suffodere</i>, <i>suffossum</i>, to dig
under; <i>sub</i> under + <i>fodere</i> to dig.] <def>A digging under;
an undermining.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>suffragant</i>, L. <i>suffragans</i>, p. pr. of <i>suffragari</i>
to support with one's vote, to be favorable. See <u>Suffrage</u>.]
<def>Assisting; assistant; as, a <i>suffragan</i> bishop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>suffragant</i>: cf. LL. <i>suffraganeus</i>. See <u>Suffragan</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An assistant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A bishop considered as an
assistant, or as subject, to his metropolitan; an assistant
bishop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*gan*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
a suffragan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Suffragan.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Suffragated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Suffragating</u>.] [L. <i>suffragatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>suffragari</i>. See <u>Suffragan</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>To vote or vote with.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Suffragating</i> tribes."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*ga`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
assists or favors by his vote.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suf"frage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>suffragium</i>; perhaps originally, a broken piece, a potsherd,
used in voting, and fr. <i>sub</i> under + the root of <i>frangere</i>
to break. See <u>Break</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vote given in
deciding a controverted question, or in the choice of a man for an
office or trust; the formal expression of an opinion; assent;
vote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I ask your voices and your
<i>suffrages</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Testimony; attestation; witness;
approval.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lactantius and St. Austin confirm by their
<i>suffrage</i> the observation made by heathen writers.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every miracle is the <i>suffrage</i> of Heaven to the
truth of a doctrine.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A short
petition, as those after the creed in matins and evensong.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A prayer in general, as one offered for the
faithful departed.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I firmly believe that there is a purgatory, and that
the souls therein detained are helped by the <i>suffrages</i> of the
faithful.</blockquote> <i>Creed of Pope Pius IV.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Aid; assistance.</def> [A Latinism]
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suf"frage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To vote for; to
elect.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*frag"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suffraginosus</i> diseased in the hock, fr. <i>suffrago</i> the
pastern, or hock.] <def>Of or pertaining to the hock of a beast.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Suf"fra*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who possesses or exercises the political right of suffrage; a
voter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has certain opinions or desires
about the political right of suffrage; as, a woman
<i>suffragist</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is curious that . . . Louisa Castelefort should be
obliged after her marriage immediately to open her doors and turn
ultra liberal, or an universal <i>suffragist</i>.</blockquote> <i>Miss
Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Suf*fra"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the hock, from
<i>sub</i> under + <i>frangere</i> to break.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The heel joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf"france</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sufferance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf`fru*tes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>suf-
</i> + <i>frutescent</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Slightly woody at the
base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fru"ti*cose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>suf-
</i> + <i>fruticose</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Woody in the lower part
of the stem, but with the yearly branches herbaceous, as sage, thyme,
hyssop, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fru"ti*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Suffruticose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fu"mi*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Suffumigated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Suffumigating</u>.] [L. <i>suffumigatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>suffumigare</i> to fumigate from below. See <u>Sub-</u>, and
<u>Fumigate</u>.] <def>To apply fumes or smoke to the parts of, as to
the body in medicine; to fumigate in part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fu`mi*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suffumigatio</i>: cf. F. <i>suffumigation</i>.] <def>The operation
of suffumigating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fu"mige</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>suffumigium</i>.] <def>A medical fume.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suffused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suffusing</u>.] [L. <i>suffusus</i>, p. p. of <i>suffundere</i> to
overspread; <i>sub</i> under + <i>fundere</i> to pour. See <u>Fuse</u>
to melt.] <def>To overspread, as with a fluid or tincture; to fill or
cover, as with something fluid; as, eyes <i>suffused</i> with tears;
cheeks <i>suffused</i> with blushes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When purple light shall next <i>suffuse</i> the
skies.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suf*fu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suffusio</i>:
cf. F. <i>suffusion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process
of suffusing, or state of being suffused; an overspreading.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To those that have the jaundice, or like
<i>suffusion</i> of eyes, objects appear of that color.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That with which a thing is
suffused.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A blending of one color
into another; the spreading of one color over another, as on the
feathers of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"fi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the name of a
dynasty of Persian kings, <i>Saf&imacr;</i>, <i>Safav&imacr;</i>; said
to come from name <i>Saf&imacr;-ud-d&imacr;n</i> of an ancestor of the
family, confused with <i>s&?;f&imacr;</i> pious.] <def>A title or
surname of the king of Persia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"fi</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. &amp; Per.
<i>s&?;f&imacr;</i>, wise, pious, devout.] <def>One of a certain order
of religious men in Persia.</def> [Written also <i>sofi</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Su"fism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A refined mysticism
among certain classes of Mohammedans, particularly in Persia, who hold
to a kind of pantheism and practice extreme asceticism in their
lives.</def> [Written also <i>sofism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sug</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of worm or
larva.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sugre</i>, F.
<i>sucre</i> (cf. It. <i>zucchero</i>, Sp. <i>az&uacute;car</i>), fr.
Ar. <i>sukkar</i>, <i>assukkar</i>, fr. Skr.
<i>&ccedil;arkar&amacr;</i> sugar, gravel; cf. Per. <i>shakar</i>.
Cf. <u>Saccharine</u>, <u>Sucrose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sweet white (or brownish yellow) crystalline substance, of a sandy or
granular consistency, obtained by crystallizing the evaporated juice
of certain plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum, beet root, sugar maple,
etc. It is used for seasoning and preserving many kinds of food and
drink. Ordinary sugar is essentially sucrose. See the Note
below.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>sugar</i> includes several commercial grades, as
the <i>white</i> or <i>refined</i>, <i>granulated</i>, <i>loaf</i> or
<i>lump</i>, and the <i>raw brown</i> or <i>muscovado</i>. In a more
general sense, it includes several distinct chemical compounds, as the
<i>glucoses</i>, or <i>grape sugars</i> (including glucose proper,
dextrose, and levulose), and the <i>sucroses</i>, or true sugars (as
cane sugar). All sugars are carbohydrates. See <u>Carbohydrate</u>.
    The <i>glucoses</i>, or <i>grape sugars</i>, are ketone alcohols
of the formula C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, and they turn
the plane of polarization to the right or the left. They are produced
from the amyloses and sucroses, as by the action of heat and acids of
ferments, and are themselves decomposed by fermentation into alcohol
and carbon dioxide. The only sugar (called <i>acrose</i>) as yet
produced artificially belongs to this class. The <i>sucroses</i>, or
<i>cane sugars</i>, are doubled glucose anhydrides of the formula
C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>22</sub>O<sub>11</sub>. They are usually not
fermentable as such (cf. <u>Sucrose</u>), and they act on polarized
light.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By extension, anything resembling sugar in
taste or appearance; as, <i>sugar</i> of lead (lead acetate), a
poisonous white crystalline substance having a sweet taste.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Compliment or flattery used to disguise or
render acceptable something obnoxious; honeyed or soothing
words.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Acorn sugar</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Quercite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Cane sugar</b></col>, <cd>sugar made from the sugar cane;
sucrose, or an isomeric sugar. See <u>Sucrose</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Diabetes</b></col>, or <col><b>Diabetic</b></col>,
<col><b>sugar</b></col> <i>(Med. Chem.)</i>, <cd>a variety of sugar
(probably grape sugar or dextrose) excreted in the urine in diabetes
mellitus.</cd> -- <col><b>Fruit sugar</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fruit</u>, and <u>Fructose</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Grape
sugar</b></col>, <cd>a sirupy or white crystalline sugar (dextrose or
glucose) found as a characteristic ingredient of ripe grapes, and also
produced from many other sources. See <u>Dextrose</u>, and
<u>Glucose</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Invert sugar</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Invert</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Malt sugar</b></col>, <cd>a variety of
sugar isomeric with sucrose, found in malt. See <u>Maltose</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Manna sugar</b></col>, <cd>a substance found in manna,
resembling, but distinct from, the sugars. See <u>Mannite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Milk sugar</b></col>, <cd>a variety of sugar characteristic of
fresh milk, and isomeric with sucrose. See <u>Lactose</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Muscle sugar</b></col>, <cd>a sweet white crystalline
substance isomeric with, and formerly regarded to, the glucoses. It is
found in the tissue of muscle, the heart, liver, etc. Called also
<i>heart sugar</i>. See <u>Inosite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine
sugar</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Pinite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Starch
sugar</b></col> <i>(Com. Chem.)</i>, <cd>a variety of dextrose made by
the action of heat and acids on starch from corn, potatoes, etc.; --
called also <i>potato sugar</i>, <i>corn sugar</i>, and, inaccurately,
<i>invert sugar</i>. See <u>Dextrose</u>, and <u>Glucose</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sugar barek</b></col>, <cd>one who refines sugar.</cd> --
<col><b>Sugar beet</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a variety of beet
(<i>Beta vulgaris</i>) with very large white roots, extensively grown,
esp. in Europe, for the sugar obtained from them.</cd> --
<col><b>Sugar berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the hackberry.</cd> -
- <col><b>Sugar bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of small South American singing birds of the genera
<i>C&oelig;reba</i>, <i>Dacnis</i>, and allied genera belonging to the
family <i>C&oelig;rebid&aelig;</i>. They are allied to the honey
eaters.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar bush</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Sugar
orchard</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar camp</b></col>, <cd>a place in or
near a sugar orchard, where maple sugar is made.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar
candian</b></col>, <cd>sugar candy.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Sugar
candy</b></col>, <cd>sugar clarified and concreted or crystallized;
candy made from sugar.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar cane</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tall perennial grass (<i>Saccharum
officinarium</i>), with thick short-jointed stems. It has been
cultivated for ages as the principal source of sugar.</cd> --
<col><b>Sugar loaf</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A loaf or mass
of refined sugar, usually in the form of a truncated cone.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A hat shaped like a sugar loaf.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Why, do not or know you, grannam, and that <i>sugar
loaf</i>?</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Sugar maple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the rock maple
(<i>Acer saccharinum</i>). See <u>Maple</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar
mill</b></col>, <cd>a machine for pressing out the juice of the sugar
cane, usually consisting of three or more rollers, between which the
cane is passed.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar mite</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small mite
(<i>Tyroglyphus sacchari</i>), often found in great numbers in
unrefined sugar.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The lepisma.</cd> --
<col><b>Sugar of lead</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Sugar</u>, 2, above.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sugar of milk</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Milk</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sugar orchard</b></col>, <cd>a collection of maple trees
selected and preserved for purpose of obtaining sugar from them; --
called also, sometimes, <i>sugar bush</i>.</cd> [U.S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i> -- <col><b>Sugar pine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
immense coniferous tree (<i>Pinus Lambertiana</i>) of California and
Oregon, furnishing a soft and easily worked timber. The resinous
exudation from the stumps, etc., has a sweetish taste, and has been
used as a substitute for sugar.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar
squirrel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Australian flying
phalanger (<i>Belideus sciureus</i>), having a long bushy tail and a
large parachute. It resembles a flying squirrel. See <i>Illust.</i>
under <u>Phlanger</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar tongs</b></col>,
<cd>small tongs, as of silver, used at table for taking lumps of sugar
from a sugar bowl.</cd> -- <col><b>Sugar tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Sugar maple</i>, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>In making maple
sugar, to complete the process of boiling down the sirup till it is
thick enough to crystallize; to approach or reach the state of
granulation; -- with the preposition <i>off</i>.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sugared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sugaring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To impregnate, season,
cover, or sprinkle with sugar; to mix sugar with.</def> "When I
<i>sugar</i> my liquor."  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with soft words; to disguise by
flattery; to compliment; to sweeten; as, to <i>sugar</i>
reproof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With devotion's visage<BR>
And pious action we do <i>sugar</i> o'er<BR>
The devil himself.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sweetened.</def>
"The <i>sugared</i> liquor." <i>Spenser.</i> <def>Also used
figuratively; as, <i>sugared</i> kisses.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1442 !></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar-house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A building in
which sugar is made or refined; a sugar manufactory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sugary, or sweet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of covering or sweetening with sugar; also, the sugar
thus used.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of making
sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without sugar; free
from sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar*plum`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
candy or sweetneat made up in small balls or disks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sug"ar*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling or containing sugar; tasting of sugar; sweet.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fond of sugar or sweet things; as, a
<i>sugary</i> palate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*ges"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sugere</i> to
suck.] <def>Of or pertaining to sucking.</def> [R.]  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug*gest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suggested</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suggesting</u>.] [L. <i>suggestus</i>, p. p. of <i>suggerere</i> to
put under, furnish, suggest; <i>sub</i> under + <i>gerere</i> to
carry, to bring. See <u>Jest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
introduce indirectly to the thoughts; to cause to be thought of,
usually by the agency of other objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some ideas . . . are <i>suggested</i> to the mind by
all the ways of sensation and reflection.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To propose with difference or modesty; to
hint; to intimate; as, to <i>suggest</i> a difficulty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To seduce; to prompt to evil; to
tempt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Knowing that tender youth is soon
<i>suggested</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To inform secretly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hint; allude to; refer to; insinuate.</p>

<p><hw>Sug*gest"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
suggestions; to tempt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And ever weaker grows through acted crime,<BR>
Or seeming-genial, venial fault,<BR>
Recurring and <i>suggesting</i> still.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug*gest"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
suggests.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug*ges"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>suggestion</i>, L. <i>suggestio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of suggesting; presentation of an idea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is suggested; an intimation; an
insinuation; a hint; a different proposal or mention; also, formerly,
a secret incitement; temptation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why do I yield to that <i>suggestion</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Charge; complaint; accusation.</def> [Obs.]
"A false <i>suggestion</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Information without oath; an
entry of a material fact or circumstance on the record for the
information of the court, at the death or insolvency of a
party.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. &amp; Metaph.)</i> <def>The act or
power of originating or recalling ideas or relations, distinguished as
original and relative; -- a term much used by Scottish metaphysicians
from Hutcherson to Thomas Brown.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hint; allusion; intimation; insinuation.  --
<u>Suggestion</u>, <u>Hint</u>. A <i>hint</i> is the briefest or most
indirect mode of calling one's attention to a subject. A
<i>suggestion</i> is a putting of something before the mind for
consideration, an indirect or guarded mode of presenting argument or
advice. A <i>hint</i> is usually something slight or covert, and may
by merely negative in its character. A <i>suggestion</i> is ordinarily
intended to furnish us with some practical assistance or direction.
"He gave me a <i>hint</i> of my danger, and added some
<i>suggestions</i> as to the means of avoiding it."</p>

<p><blockquote>Willing to wound, and yet afraid to strike,<BR>
Just <i>hint</i> a fault, and hesitate dislike.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Arthur, whom they say is killed to-night<BR>
On your <i>suggestion</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug*gest"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing a
suggestion, hint, or intimation.</def> -- <wf>Sug*gest"ive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Sug*gest"ive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sug*gest"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Suggestion.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They fancy that every thought must needs have an
immediate outward <i>suggestment</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug*gest"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
suggests.</def> "The <i>suggestress</i> of suicides."  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug"gil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suggillare</i>, <i>sugillare</i>, <i>suggillatum</i>,
<i>sugillatum</i>, literally, to beat black and blue.] <def>To
defame.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Abp. Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug"gil*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Suggil</u>.] <def>To beat livid, or black and blue.</def>
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sug`gil*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suggillatio</i>: cf. F. <i>suggillation</i>.] <def>A livid, or
black and blue, mark; a blow; a bruise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"i*ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of,
or of the nature of, the crime or suicide.</def> --
<wf>Su"i*ci`dal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sui</i> of
one's self (akin to <i>suus</i> one's own) + <i>caedere</i> to slay,
to kill.  Cf. <u>So</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, <u>Homicide</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of taking one's own life voluntary and
intentionally; self-murder; specifically <i>(Law)</i>, the felonious
killing of one's self; the deliberate and intentional destruction of
one's own life by a person of years of discretion and of sound
mind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One guilty of self-murder; a felo-de-
se.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ruin of one's own interests.</def>
"Intestine war, which may be justly called political <i>suicide</i>."
<i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`i*cid"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Suicidal.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su"i*ci*dism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being suicidal, or self-murdering.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suus</i> one's
own.] <def>Selfishness; egoism.</def> [R.]  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Su"i gen"e*ris</hw> (?). [L.] <def>Of his or its own
kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"il*lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>souillage</i>, <i>soillage</i>, fr. <i>souiller</i>,
<i>soiller</i>. See <u>Soil</u> to stain, and cf. <u>Sullage</u>.]
<def>A drain or collection of filth.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>sulliage</i>, and <i>sullage</i>.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"il*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sus</i> hog.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a hog or the Hog family
(<i>Suid&aelig;</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Suint</u>.]
<def>A mixture of oleomargarine with lard or other fatty ingredients.
It is used as a substitute for butter. See <u>Butterine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>suer</i> to
sweat, L. <i>sudare</i>.] <def>The process of soaking through
anything.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Sue</u> to
follow.] <def>In succession; afterwards.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"int</hw> (s&umacr;"&ibreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A peculiar substance obtained from the wool of
sheep, consisting largely of potash mixed with fatty and earthy
matters. It is used as a source of potash and also for the manufacture
of gas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`i*o*goths"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prop. n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Suiones</i> (a Teutonic tribe in what is now Sweeden) + E.
<i>Goth</i>.] <def>The Scandinavian Goths. See the Note under
<u>Goths</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>suus</i> belinging to
himself or to one's self.] <def>One who seeks for things which gratify
merely himself; a selfish person; a selfist.</def> [R.]
<i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Suit</hw> (s&umacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>suite</i>,
F. <i>suite</i>, OF. <i>suite</i>, <i>sieute</i>, fr. <i>suivre</i> to
follow, OF. <i>sivre</i>; perhaps influenced by L. <i>secta</i>. See
<u>Sue</u> to follow, and cf. <u>Sect</u>, <u>Suite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of following or pursuing, as game;
pursuit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of suing; the process by which one
endeavors to gain an end or an object; an attempt to attain a certain
result; pursuit; endeavor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thenceforth the <i>suit</i> of earthly conquest
shone.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of wooing in love; the solicitation
of a woman in marriage; courtship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rebate your loves, each rival <i>suit</i> suspend,<BR>
Till this funereal web my labors end.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The attempt to gain an end by
legal process; an action or process for the recovery of a right or
claim; legal application to a court for justice; prosecution of right
before any tribunal; as, a civil <i>suit</i>; a criminal <i>suit</i>;
a <i>suit</i> in chancery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I arrest thee at the <i>suit</i> of Count
Orsino.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In England the several <i>suits</i>, or remedial
instruments of justice, are distinguished into three kinds -- actions
personal, real, and mixed.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which follows as a retinue; a company
of attendants or followers; the assembly of persons who attend upon a
prince, magistrate, or other person of distinction; -- often written
<i>suite</i>, and pronounced sw&emacr;t.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Things that follow in a series or
succession; the individual objects, collectively considered, which
constitute a series, as of rooms, buildings, compositions, etc.; --
often written <i>suite</i>, and pronounced sw&emacr;t.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A number of things used together, and
generally necessary to be united in order to answer their purpose; a
number of things ordinarily classed or used together; a set; as, a
<i>suit</i> of curtains; a <i>suit</i> of armor; a <i>suit</i> of
clothes.</def> "Two rogues in buckram <i>suits</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Playing Cards)</i> <def>One of the four sets
of cards which constitute a pack; -- each set consisting of thirteen
cards bearing a particular emblem, as hearts, spades, clubs, or
diamonds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To deal and shuffle, to divide and sort<BR>
Her mingled <i>suits</i> and sequences.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Regular order; succession.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every five and thirty years the same kind and
<i>suit</i> of weather comes again.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Out of suits</b></col>, <cd>having no correspondence.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Suit and service</b></col> <i>(Feudal
Law)</i>, <cd>the duty of feudatories to attend the courts of their
lords or superiors in time of peace, and in war to follow them and do
military service; -- called also <i>suit service</i>.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Suit broker</b></col>, <cd>one who made
a trade of obtaining the suits of petitioners at court.</cd> [Obs.] --
<col><b>Suit court</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the court in
which tenants owe attendance to their lord.</cd> -- <col><b>Suit
covenant</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a covenant to sue at a
certain court.</cd> -- <col><b>Suit custom</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>,
<cd>a service which is owed from time immemorial.</cd> -- <col><b>Suit
service</b></col>. <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <cd>See <i>Suit and
service</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring suit</b></col>.
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To bring <i>secta</i>, followers
or witnesses, to prove the plaintiff's demand.</cd> [Obs.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In modern usage, to institute an action.</cd>
-- <col><b>To follow suit</b></col>. <i>(Card Playing)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Follow</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Suit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suiting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fit; to adapt; to make
proper or suitable; as, to <i>suit</i> the action to the word.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be fitted to; to accord with; to become;
to befit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ill <i>suits</i> his cloth the praise of railing
well.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Raise her notes to that sublime degree<BR>
Which <i>suits</i> song of piety and thee.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To dress; to clothe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So went he <i>suited</i> to his watery
tomb.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To please; to make content; as, he is well
<i>suited</i> with his place; to <i>suit</i> one's taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To agree; to accord; to
be fitted; to correspond; -- usually followed by <i>with</i> or
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The place itself was <i>suiting</i> to his
care.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me not an office<BR>
That <i>suits</i> with me so ill.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To agree; accord; comport; tally; correspond; match;
answer.</p>

<p><hw>Suit`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being suitable; suitableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suit"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
suiting; fitting; accordant; proper; becoming; agreeable; adapted; as,
ornaments <i>suitable</i> to one's station; language <i>suitable</i>
for the subject.</def> -- <wf>Suit"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Suit"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Proper; fitting; becoming; accordant; agreeable;
competent; correspondent; compatible; consonant; congruous;
consistent.</p>

<p><hw>Suite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Suit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A retinue or company of
attendants, as of a distinguished personage; as, the <i>suite</i> of
an ambassador. See <u>Suit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A connected series or succession of
objects; a number of things used or clessed together; a set; as, a
<i>suite</i> of rooms; a <i>suite</i> of minerals. See <u>Suit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Barnard took one of the candles that stood upon the
king's table, and lighted his majesty through a <i>suite</i> of rooms
till they came to a private door into the library.</blockquote>
<i>Boswell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One of the old musical forms,
before the time of the more compact <i>sonata</i>, consisting of a
string or series of pieces all in the same key, mostly in various
dance rhythms, with sometimes an elaborate prelude. Some composers of
the present day affect the <i>suite</i> form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suit"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Among tailors,
cloth suitable for making entire suits of clothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suit"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sues, petitions, or entreats; a petitioner; an
applicant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She hath been a <i>suitor</i> to me for her
brother.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, one who solicits a woman in
marriage; a wooer; a lover.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who
sues or prosecutes a demand in court; a party to a suit, as a
plaintiff, petitioner, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>One who attends a court as plaintiff, defendant,
petitioner, appellant, witness, juror, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suit"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
supplicant.</def>  <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Su"ji</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>s&?;f&imacr;</i>.] <def>Indian wheat, granulated but not
pulverized; a kind of semolina.</def> [Written also
<i>soojee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Su"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Icel.
<i>s&?;la</i> the gannet. See <u>Solan goose</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of sea birds including the booby and the common
gannet.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sul"cate</hw> (?), <hw>Sul"ca*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sulcatus</i>, p. p. of <i>sulcare</i> to
furrow, fr. <i>sulcus</i> a furrow.] <def>Scored with deep and regular
furrows; furrowed or grooved; as, a <i>sulcated</i> stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A channel or
furrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form
of a sulcus; as, <i>sulciform</i> markings.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sul"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sulci</b></plw> (#). [L., a furrow.] <def>A furrow; a groove;
a fissure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"le*ah fish`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A coarse fish
of India, used in making a breakfast relish called
<i>burtah</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sulcus</i>.] <def>A
furrow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sulk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Sulkiness</u>.]
<def>To be silently sullen; to be morose or obstinate.</def>  <i>T.
Hook.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sulk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sulks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulk"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sulky
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulk"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>sulkenness</i>,
fr. AS. <i>solcen</i> slothful, remiss, in &amacr;<i>solcen</i>,
be<i>solcen</i>, properly p. p. of <i>sealcan</i> in
&amacr;<i>sealcan</i> to be weak or slothful; of uncertain origin.]
<def>The quality or state of being sulky; sullenness; moroseness; as,
<i>sulkiness</i> of disposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulks</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The condition of
being sulky; a sulky mood or humor; as, to be in the
<i>sulks</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sulkier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sulkiest</u>.] [See <u>Sulkiness</u>, and
cf. <u>Sulky</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Moodly silent; sullen;
sour; obstinate; morose; splenetic.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Sullen</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sulk"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sulkies</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Sulky</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>; -- so called from the owner's desire of riding
alone.] <def>A light two-wheeled carriage for a single
person.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sulky</i> is used adjectively in the names of several
agricultural machines drawn by horses to denote that the machine is
provided with wheels and a seat for the driver; as, <i>sulky</i> plow;
<i>sulky</i> harrow; <i>sulky</i> rake, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Sull</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>suluh</i>,
<i>sulh</i>, a plow; cf. OHG. <i>suohili</i> a little plow.] <def>A
plow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Suillage</u>,
<u>Sulliage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Drainage of filth; filth
collected from the street or highway; sewage.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The streets were exceedingly large, well paved, having
many vaults and conveyances under them for
<i>sullage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which sullies or defiles.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is the privilege of the celestial luminaries to
receive no tincture, <i>sullage</i>, or difilement from the most
noisome sinks and dunghills here below.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>The scoria on the surface
of molten metal in the ladle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Hydraul. Engin.)</i> <def>Silt; mud
deposited by water.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sullage piece</b></col> <i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>the sprue of
a casting. See <u>Sprue</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul"len</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>solein</i>,
<i>solain</i>, lonely, sullen; through Old French fr. (assumed) LL.
<i>solanus</i> solitary, fr. L. <i>solus</i> alone. See <u>Sole</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lonely; solitary;
desolate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (Job iii. 14).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gloomy; dismal; foreboding.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Solemn hymns so <i>sullen</i> dirges
change.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mischievous; malignant;
unpropitious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>sullen</i> planets at my birth did
shine.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Gloomily angry and silent; cross; sour;
affected with ill humor; morose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>sullen</i> I forsook the imperfect
feast.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Obstinate; intractable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Things are as <i>sullen</i> as we are.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Heavy; dull; sluggish.</def> "The larger
stream was placid, and even <i>sullen</i>, in its course."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sulky; sour; cross; ill-natured; morose; peevish;
fretful; ill-humored; petulant; gloomy; malign; intractable.  --
<u>Sullen</u>, <u>Sulky</u>. Both <i>sullen</i> and <i>sulky</i> show
themselves in the demeanor. <i>Sullenness</i> seems to be an habitual
sulkiness, and <i>sulkiness</i> a temporary sullenness. The former may
be an innate disposition; the latter, a disposition occasioned by
recent injury. Thus we are in a <i>sullen</i> mood, and in a
<i>sulky</i> fit.</p>

<p><blockquote>No cheerful breeze this <i>sullen</i> region knows;<BR>
The dreaded east is all the wind that blows.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sul"len*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sul"len*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sul"len</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who is solitary, or lives alone; a hermit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Sullen feelings or manners;
sulks; moroseness; as, to have the <i>sullens</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"len</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make sullen or
sluggish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sullens</i> the whole body with . . .
laziness.</blockquote> <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"le*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sublevare</i> to raise up.  Cf. <u>Sublevation</u>.] <def>To rouse;
to excite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1443 !></p>

<p><hw>Sul"li*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sullage</u>,
<u>Suillage</u>, or <u>Sully</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Foulness; filth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Though we wipe away with never so much care the dirt
thrown at us, there will be left some <i>sulliage</i>
behind.</blockquote> <i>Gov. of Tongue.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sullied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sullying</u> (?).] [OE. <i>sulien</i>, AS. <i>sylian</i>, fr.
<i>sol</i> mire; akin to G. <i>suhle</i> mire, <i>sich</i>,
<i>s&uuml;hlen</i> to wallow, Sw. <i>s&ouml;la</i> to bemire, Dan.
<i>s&ouml;le</i>, Goth. bi<i>saulijan</i> to defile.] <def>To soil; to
dirty; to spot; to tarnish; to stain; to darken; -- used literally and
figuratively; as, to <i>sully</i> a sword; to <i>sully</i> a person's
reputation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Statues <i>sullied</i> yet with sacrilegious
smoke.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No spots to <i>sully</i> the brightness of this
solemnity.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become soiled or
tarnished.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Silvering will <i>sully</i> and canker more than
gilding.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sullies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Soil; tarnish; stain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A noble and triumphant merit breaks through little
spots and <i>sullies</i> in his reputation.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sulpho-</i> +
<i>acid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An acid in which, to a greater or
less extent, sulphur plays a part analogous to that of oxygen in an
oxyacid; thus, thiosulphuric and sulpharsenic acids are
<i>sulphacids</i>; -- called also <i>sulphoacid</i>. See the Note
under <u>Acid</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*am"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulphamic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*am"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a sulphamide; derived from, or related to, a
sulphamide; specifically, designating an amido acid derivative,
NH<sub>2</sub>.SO<sub>2</sub>.OH, of sulphuric acid (analogous to
sulphonic acid) which is not known in the free state, but is known in
its salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*am"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any one of a series of amido compounds obtained by treating
sulphuryl chloride with various amines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph`a*nil"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>sulph</i>uric + <i>ani</i>lene.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or designating, an anilene sulphonic acid which is obtained as a
white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*an`ti*mo"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sulphantimonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*an`ti*mon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Sulph</i>o- + <i>antimonic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid of antimony
(called also <i>thioantimonic acid</i>) analogous to sulpharsenic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*an`ti*mo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical
sulphacid of antimony (called also <i>thioantimonious acid</i>)
analogous to sulpharsenious acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*an"ti*mo*nite`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sulphantimonious acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*ar"se*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulpharsenic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph`ar*sen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sulph</i>o-
+ <i>arsenic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, a hypothetical sulphacid (called also <i>thioarsenic
acid</i>) analogous to arsenic acid, and known only in its
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph`ar*se"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical
sulphacid (called also <i>thioarsenious acid</i>) analogous to
arsenious acid, and known only in its salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*ar"se*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulpharsenious acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>sulphas</i>,
<i>sulphatis</i>, fr. L. <i>sulphur</i>, <i>sulfur</i>, brimstone,
sulphur: cf. F. <i>sulfate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of
sulphuric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, resembling, or containing, a sulphate or
sulphates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"pha*to-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form
(also used adjectively) denoting a <i>sulphate as an ingredient</i> in
certain double salts; as, <i>sulphato</i>-carbonate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sulph*au"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulphauric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*au"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sulph</i>o- +
<i>aurum</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating,
a hypothetical sulphacid of gold (<i>aurum</i>), known only in its
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
binary compound of sulphur, or one so regarded; -- formerly called
<i>sulphuret</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Double sulphide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a compound of
two sulphides.</cd> -- <col><b>Hydrogen sulphide</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Hydrogen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Metallic
sulphide</b></col>, <cd>a binary compound of sulphur with a
metal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of a sulphinic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sulph*in`di*got"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphonic
acid obtained, as a blue solution, by dissolving indigo in sulphuric
acid; -- formerly called also <i>cerulic sulphuric</i> acid, but
properly called <i>indigo-disulphonic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any one of a series of basic compounds which consist essentially
of sulphur united with hydrocarbon radicals. In general they are oily
or crystalline deliquescent substances having a peculiar odor; as,
<i>trimethyl sulphine</i>, (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>S.OH.  Cf.
<u>Sulphonium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, any one of a series of acids
regarded as acid ethereal salts of hyposulphurous acid; as, methyl
<i>sulphinic</i> acid, CH<sub>3</sub>.SO.OH, a thick unstable
liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phi*nide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sulph</i>o- +
am<i>in</i>e + anhydr<i>ide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white or
yellowish crystalline substance,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.(SO<sub>2</sub>.CO).NH, produced
artificially by the oxidation of a sulphamic derivative of toluene. It
is the sweetest substance known, having over two hundred times the
sweetening power of sugar, and is known in commerce under the name of
<i>saccharine</i>. It has acid properties and forms salts (which are
inaccurately called <i>saccharinates</i>).</def>  <i>I.
Remsen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sulph</i>o- +
<i>ion</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical,
SO<sub>4</sub>, regarded as forming the acid or negative constituent
of sulphuric acid and the sulphates in electrolytic decomposition; --
so called in accordance with the binary theory of salts.</def>
[Written also <i>sulphione</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sulph*i"on*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A binary compound of sulphion, or one so regarded; thus,
sulphuric acid, H&?;SO&?;, is a <i>sulphionide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sulfite</i>. See <u>Sulphur</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of
sulphurous acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"pho-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix (also used
adjectively) designating <i>sulphur as an ingredient</i> in certain
compounds.  Cf. <u>Thio-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*ar*sen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or containing, sulphur and arsenic; -- said of
an acid which is the same as arsenic acid with the substitution of
sulphur for oxygen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*car"bon*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sulphocarbonic acid; a
thiocarbonate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*car*bon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphacid,
H<sub>2</sub>CSO<sub>2</sub> (called also <i>thiocarbonic</i>
<i>acid</i>), or an acid, H<sub>2</sub>CS<sub>3</sub>, analogous to
carbonic acid, obtained as a yellow oily liquid of a pungent odor, and
forming salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*cy"a*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulphocyanic acid; -- also called <i>thiocyanate</i>,
and formerly inaccurately <i>sulphocyanide</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ferric sulphocyanate</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a dark
red crystalline substance usually obtained in a blood-red solution,
and recognized as a test for ferric iron.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*cy*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sulphur</u>, <u>Cyanic</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to,
derived from, or designating, a sulphacid, HSCN, analogous to cyanic
acid, and obtained as a colorless deliquescent crystalline substance,
having a bitter saline taste, and not poisonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*cy"a*nide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sulphocyanate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*cy*an"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Persulphocyanogen</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sul"pho*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
substance employed as a hypnotic, produced by the union of mercaptan
and acetone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"pho*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulphonic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any one of a series of compounds analogous to the ketones, and
consisting of the sulphuryl group united with two hydrocarbon
radicals; as, dimethyl <i>sulphone</i>, (CH&?;)&?;.SO&?;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, a sulphone; -- used specifically
to designate any one of a series of acids (regarded as acid ethereal
salts of sulphurous acid) obtained by the oxidation of the mercaptans,
or by treating sulphuric acid with certain aromatic bases (as
benzene); as, phenyl <i>sulphonic</i> acid,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.SO<sub>2</sub>.OH, a stable colorless
crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sulphonic group</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
hypothetical radical, SO<sub>2</sub>.OH, the characteristic residue of
sulphonic acids.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul*pho"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sulph</i>ur +
amm<i>onium</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical,
SH<sub>3</sub>, regarded as the type and nucleus of the
sulphines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*phos"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sulphophosphoric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*phos"phite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sulphophosphorous acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*phos*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid of phosphorus,
analogous to phosphoric acid, and known in its salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*phos"phor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical
acid of phosphorus, analogous to phosphorous acid, and known in its
salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"pho*salt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of a sulphacid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*stan"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of sulphostannic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*stan"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphacid of tin (more
exactly called <i>metasulphostannic acid</i>), which is obtained as a
dark brown amorphous substance, H&?;SnS&?;, forming a well-known
series of salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*tung"state</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of sulphotungstic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*tung"stic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, hypothetical sulphacid of
tungsten (called also <i>sulphowolframic acid</i>), analogous to
sulphuric acid, and known in its salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`pho*vin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Sulpho-</i> +
<i>vinum</i> wine: cf. F. <i>sulfovinique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, and formerly designating, ethylsulphuric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., better
<i>sulfur</i>: cf. F. <i>soufre</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nonmetallic element occurring naturally in large
quantities, either combined as in the sulphides (as <i>pyrites</i>)
and sulphates (as <i>gypsum</i>), or native in volcanic regions, in
vast beds mixed with gypsum and various earthy materials, from which
it is melted out. Symbol S. Atomic weight 32. The specific gravity of
ordinary octohedral sulphur is 2.05; of prismatic sulphur,
1.96.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is purified by distillation, and is obtained as a lemon-
yellow powder (by sublimation), called <i>flour</i>, or
<i>flowers</i>, <i>of sulphur</i>, or in cast sticks called <i>roll
sulphur</i>, or <i>brimstone</i>. It burns with a blue flame and a
peculiar suffocating odor. It is an ingredient of gunpowder, is used
on friction matches, and in medicine (as a laxative and insecticide),
but its chief use is in the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Sulphur can
be obtained in two crystalline modifications, in orthorhombic
octahedra, or in monoclinic prisms, the former of which is the more
stable at ordinary temperatures. Sulphur is the type, in its chemical
relations, of a group of elements, including <i>selenium</i> and
<i>tellurium</i>, called collectively the <i>sulphur group</i>, or
<i>family</i>. In many respects sulphur resembles oxygen.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of yellow or orange butterflies of the subfamily
<i>Pierin&aelig;</i>; as, the clouded <i>sulphur</i> (<i>Eurymus, or
Colias, philodice</i>), which is the common yellow butterfly of the
Eastern United States.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Amorphous sulphur</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an elastic
variety of sulphur of a resinous appearance, obtained by pouring
melted sulphur into water. On standing, it passes back into a brittle
crystalline modification.</cd> -- <col><b>Liver of sulphur</b></col>.
<i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>See <u>Hepar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur
acid</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <u>Sulphacid</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sulphur alcohol</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Mercaptan</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur auratum</b></col> [L.]
<i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>a golden yellow powder, consisting of
antimonic sulphide, Sb<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5</sub>, -- formerly a famous
nostrum.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur base</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an
alkaline sulphide capable of acting as a base in the formation of
sulphur salts according to the old dual theory of salts.</cd>
[Archaic] -- <col><b>Sulphur dioxide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
colorless gas, SO<sub>2</sub>, of a pungent, suffocating odor,
produced by the burning of sulphur. It is employed chiefly in the
production of sulphuric acid, and as a reagent in bleaching; -- called
also <i>sulphurous anhydride</i>, and formerly <i>sulphurous
acid</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur ether</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>a sulphide of hydrocarbon radicals, formed like the ordinary
ethers, which are oxides, but with sulphur in the place of
oxygen.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur salt</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
salt of a sulphacid; a sulphosalt.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur
showers</b></col>, <cd>showers of yellow pollen, resembling sulphur in
appearance, often carried from pine forests by the wind to a great
distance.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur trioxide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>a white crystalline solid, SO<sub>3</sub>, obtained by oxidation
of sulphur dioxide. It dissolves in water with a hissing noise and the
production of heat, forming sulphuric acid, and is employed as a
dehydrating agent. Called also <i>sulphuric anhydride</i>, and
formerly <i>sulphuric acid</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphur
whale</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Sulphur-
bottom</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable sulphur</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>lycopodium powder. See under <u>Lycopodium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sulphuratus</i>, <i>sulfuratus</i>.] <def>Sulphureous.</def>
[Poetic &amp; R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sulphurated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sulphurating</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To
sulphurize.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Sul`phu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sulfuration</i>, L. <i>sulphuratio</i>, <i>sulfuratio</i>, a vein
of sulphur.] <def>The act or process of combining or impregnating with
sulphur or its compounds; also, the state of being so combined or
impregnated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phu*ra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An apparatus
for impregnating with, or exposing to the action of, sulphur;
especially, an apparatus for fumigating or bleaching by means of the
fumes of burning sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`phur-bot"tom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large whalebone whale of the genus
<i>Sibbaldius</i>, having a yellowish belly; especially, <i>S.
sulfureus</i> of the North Pacific, and <i>S. borealis</i> of the
North Atlantic; -- called also <i>sulphur whale</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul`phu*re"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being sulphureous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phu"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sulphureus</i>, <i>sulfureus</i>.] <def>Consisting of sulphur;
having the qualities of sulphur, or brimstone; impregnated with
sulphur.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her snakes united, <i>sulphureous</i> waters
drink.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sul*phu"re*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sul*phu"re*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A sulphide; as, a <i>sulphuret</i> of potassium.</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Sul"phu*ret`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined or impregnated with sulphur; sulphurized.</def> [Written
also <i>sulphuretted</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sulphureted hydrogen</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Hydrogen sulphide</i>, under <u>Hydrogen</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sulfurique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
sulphur; as, a <i>sulphuric</i> smell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Derived from, or containing,
sulphur; specifically, designating those compounds in which the
element has a higher valence as contrasted with the <i>sulphurous</i>
compounds; as, <i>sulphuric</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sulphuric acid</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Sulphur
trioxide (see under <u>Sulphur</u>); -- formerly so called on the
dualistic theory of salts.</cd> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
heavy, corrosive, oily liquid, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, colorless
when pure, but usually yellowish or brownish, produced by the combined
action of sulphur dioxide, oxygen (from the air), steam, and nitric
fumes. It attacks and dissolves many metals and other intractable
substances, sets free most acids from their salts, and is used in the
manufacture of hydrochloric and nitric acids, of soda, of bleaching
powders, etc. It is also powerful dehydrating agent, having a strong
affinity for water, and eating and corroding paper, wood, clothing,
etc.   It is thus used in the manufacture of ether, of imitation
parchment, and of nitroglycerin. It is also used in etching iron, in
removing iron scale from forgings, in petroleum refining, etc., and in
general its manufacture is the most important and fundamental of all
the chemical industries. Formerly called <i>vitriolic acid</i>, and
now popularly <i>vitriol</i>, and <i>oil of vitriol</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fuming sulphuric acid</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Nordhausen
sulphuric acid</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Disulphuric acid</i>, under
<u>Disulphuric</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sulphuric anhydride</b></col>,
<cd>sulphur trioxide. See under <u>Sulphur</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sulphuric ether</b></col>, <cd>common an&aelig;sthetic ether;
-- so called because made by the catalytic action of sulphuric acid on
alcohol. See <u>Ether</u>, 3 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sulphureous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Exposure to the
fumes of burning sulphur, as in bleaching; the process of bleaching by
exposure to the fumes of sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To combine or impregnate with sulphur or any of its compounds;
as, to <i>sulphurize</i> caoutchouc in vulcanizing.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1444 !></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sulphurosus</i>, <i>sulfurosus</i>: cf. F. <i>sulfureux</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to sulphur.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Derived
from, or containing, sulphur; specifically, designating those
compounds in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with
the <i>sulphuric</i> compounds.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having
the characteristic odor of sulphur dioxide, or of hydrogen sulphide,
or of other sulphur compounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sulphurous acid</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Sulphur
dioxide. See under <u>Sulphur</u>.</cd> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>An acid, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>, not known in the free state
except as a solution of sulphur dioxide in water, but forming a well-
known series of salts (the <i>sulphites</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Sulphurous anhydride</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>sulphur
dioxide. See under <u>Sulphur</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The hog's fennel. See under <u>Fennel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling, or
partaking of the nature of, sulphur; having the qualities of
sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phur*yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sulphur</i> +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical
SO<sub>2</sub>; -- called also <i>sulphon</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sulphuryl chloride</b></col>, <cd>a chloride, pungent,
fuming liquid, SO<sub>2</sub>.Cl<sub>2</sub>, obtained by the action
of phosphorus pentachloride on sulphur trioxide. On treatment with
water it decomposes into sulphuric and hydrochloric acids, and is
hence called also <i>sulphuric chloranhydride</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phy"drate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A compound, analogous to a hydrate, regarded as a salt of
sulphydric acid, or as a derivative of hydrogen sulphide in which one
half of the hydrogen is replaced by a base (as potassium
<i>sulphydrate</i>, KSH), or as a hydrate in which the oxygen has been
wholly or partially replaced by sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*phy"dric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, hydrogen sulphide, which is
regarded as an acid, especially when in solution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*pi"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called after the
parish of St. <i>Sulpice</i> in Paris, of which the founder, Jean
Jacques Olier, was pastor in 1643.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One of an
order of priests established in France in 1642 to educate men for the
ministry. The order was introduced soon afterwards into Canada, and in
1791 into the United States.</def> [Written also
<i>Sulpitian</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sultan</i> (cf.
Sp. <i>soldan</i>, It. <i>sultano</i>, <i>soldano</i>), Ar.
<i>sult&amacr;n</i> sultan, dominion.  Cf. <u>Soldan</u>.] <def>A
ruler, or sovereign, of a Mohammedan state; specifically, the ruler of
the Turks; the Padishah, or Grand Seignior; -- officially so
called.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sultan flower</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sweet
sultan</i>, under <u>Sweet</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul*ta"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The wife of a sultan; a sultaness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A kind of seedless raisin
produced near Smyrna in Asiatic Turkey.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sultana bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
hyacinthine, or purple, gallinule. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Gallinule</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sultanat</i>.] <def>The rule or dominion of a sultan;
sultanship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
sultana.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul*tan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
sultan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan-red`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a deep
red color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The dominions of
a sultan.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
dignity of a sultan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tan*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sultanry.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sultry
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"tri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sultry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"try</hw> (-tr&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sultrier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sultriest</u>.] [From <u>Sweltry</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very hot, burning, and oppressive; as, Libya's
<i>sultry</i> deserts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such as, born beneath the burning sky<BR>
And <i>sultry</i> sun, betwixt the tropics lie.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very hot and moist, or hot, close,
stagnant, and oppressive, as air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When in the <i>sultry</i> glebe I faint,<BR>
Or on the thirsty mountain plant.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>summe</i>,
<i>somme</i>, OF. <i>sume</i>, <i>some</i>, F. <i>somme</i>, L.
<i>summa</i>, fr. <i>summus</i> highest, a superlative from <i>sub</i>
under. See <u>Sub-</u>, and cf. <u>Supreme</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The aggregate of two or more numbers, magnitudes, quantities, or
particulars; the amount or whole of any number of individuals or
particulars added together; as, the <i>sum</i> of 5 and 7 is
12.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take ye the <i>sum</i> of all the
congregation.</blockquote> <i>Num. i. 2.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sum</i> is now commonly applied to an aggregate of
numbers, and <i>number</i> to an aggregate of persons or things.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A quantity of money or currency; any
amount, indefinitely; as, a <i>sum</i> of money; a small <i>sum</i>,
or a large <i>sum</i>.</def> "The <i>sum</i> of forty pound."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With a great <i>sum</i> obtained I this
freedom.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxii. 28.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The principal points or thoughts when
viewed together; the amount; the substance; compendium; as, this is
the <i>sum</i> of all the evidence in the case; this is the <i>sum</i>
and substance of his objections.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Height; completion; utmost
degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus have I told thee all my state, and brought<BR>
My story to the <i>sum</i> of earthly bliss.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>A problem to be solved, or
an example to be wrought out.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sum</i> in arithmetic wherein a flaw discovered at
a particular point is <i>ipso facto</i> fatal to the
whole.</blockquote> <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A large sheet of paper . . . covered with long
<i>sums</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Algebraic sum</b></col>, <cd>as distinguished from
<i>arithmetical sum</i>, the aggregate of two or more numbers or
quantities taken with regard to their signs, as + or -, according to
the rules of addition in algebra; thus, the <i>algebraic sum</i> of -
2, 8, and -1 is 5.</cd> -- <col><b>In sum</b></col>, <cd>in short; in
brief.</cd> [Obs.] "<i>In sum</i>, the gospel . . . prescribes every
virtue to our conduct, and forbids every sin." <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Summed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Summing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>sommer</i>, LL. <i>summare</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring together into one whole; to collect
into one amount; to cast up, as a column of figures; to ascertain the
totality of; -- usually with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind doth value every moment, and then the hour
doth rather <i>sum</i> up the moments, than divide the
day.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring or collect into a small compass;
to comprise in a few words; to condense; -- usually with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Go to the ant, thou sluggard," in few words
<i>sums</i> up the moral of this fable.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>sums</i> their virtues in himself
alone.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>To have (the feathers)
full grown; to furnish with complete, or full-grown,
plumage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But feathered soon and fledge<BR>
They <i>summed</i> their pens [wings].</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Summing up</b></col>, <cd>a compendium or abridgment; a
recapitulation; a r&eacute;sum&eacute;; a summary.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To cast up; collect; comprise; condense; comprehend;
compute.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Su"mac</hw>, <hw>Su"mach</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>sumac</i>, formerly <i>sumach</i> (cf. Sp. <i>zumaque</i>), fr.
Ar. <i>summ&amacr;q</i>.] [Written also <i>shumac</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus
<i>Rhus</i>, shrubs or small trees with usually compound leaves and
clusters of small flowers. Some of the species are used in tanning,
some in dyeing, and some in medicine. One, the Japanese <i>Rhus
vernicifera</i>, yields the celebrated Japan varnish, or
lacquer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The powdered leaves, peduncles, and young
branches of certain species of the sumac plant, used in tanning and
dyeing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Poison sumac</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Poison</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su*ma"tran</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Sumatra or its inhabitants.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
native of Sumatra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"bul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pers.] <def>The musky
root of an Asiatic umbelliferous plant, <i>Ferula Sumbul</i>. It is
used in medicine as a stimulant.</def> [Written also <i>sumbal</i>.] -
- <wf>Sum*bul"ic</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sum"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be summed
up or computed; so great that the amount can not be ascertained;
incalculable; inestimable.</def> "Sumless treasure."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"ma*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a summary
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"ma*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
summarized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"ma*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To comprise
in, or reduce to, a summary; to present briefly.</def>
<i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"ma*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sommaire</i>. See <u>Sum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formed into
a sum; summed up; reduced into a narrow compass, or into few words;
short; brief; concise; compendious; as, a <i>summary</i> statement of
facts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, rapidly performed; quickly executed;
as, a <i>summary</i> process; to take <i>summary</i>
vengeance.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Short; brief; concise; compendious; succinct.</p>

<p><hw>Sum"ma*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Summaries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>sommaire</i>, or L.
<i>summarium</i>. See <u>Summary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A
general or comprehensive statement; an abridged account; an abstract,
abridgment, or compendium, containing the sum or substance of a fuller
account.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sommation</i>. See <u>Sum</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The
act of summing, or forming a sum, or total amount; also, an
aggregate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of this series no <i>summation</i> is possible to a
finite intellect.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sum</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>One who sums; one who casts up an
account.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sommier</i> a rafter,
the same word as <i>sommier</i> a beast of burden. See
<u>Sumpter</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A large stone or beam placed
horizontally on columns, piers, posts, or the like, serving for
various uses. Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> The lintel of a door
or window. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The commencement of a cross vault.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A central floor timber, as a girder, or a piece
reaching from a wall to a girder. Called also
<i>summertree</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sumer</i>,
<i>somer</i>, AS. <i>sumor</i>, <i>sumer</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>sumur</i>, D. <i>zomer</i>, OS. <i>sumar</i>, G. <i>sommer</i>,
OHG. &amp; Icel. <i>sumar</i>, Dan. <i>sommer</i>, Sw. <i>sommar</i>, W.
<i>haf</i>, Zend <i>hama</i>, Skr. <i>sam&amacr;</i> year.
&radic;292.] <def>The season of the year in which the sun shines most
directly upon any region; the warmest period of the year.</def></p>

<p>&fist; North of the equator summer is popularly taken to include
the months of June, July, and August. Astronomically it may be
considered, in the northern hemisphere, to begin with the summer
solstice, about June 21st, and to end with the autumnal equinox, about
September 22d.</p>

<p><col><b>Indian summer</b></col>, <cd>in North America, a period of
warm weather late in autumn, usually characterized by a clear sky, and
by a hazy or smoky appearance of the atmosphere, especially near the
horizon. The name is derived probably from the custom of the Indians
of using this time in preparation for winter by laying in stores of
food.</cd> -- <col><b>Saint Martin's summer</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Saint</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer bird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the wryneck.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Summer colt</b></col>, <cd>the undulating state of the air
near the surface of the ground when heated.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Summer complaint</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a popular term
for any diarrheal disorder occurring in summer, especially when
produced by heat and indigestion.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer
coot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the American gallinule.</cd>
[Local, U.S.] -- <col><b>Summer cypress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an annual plant (<i>Kochia Scoparia</i>) of the Goosefoot family.
It has narrow, ciliate, crowded leaves, and is sometimes seen in
gardens.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer duck</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The wood duck.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The garganey, or summer teal. See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Wood
duck</i>, under <u>Wood</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer fallow</b></col>,
<cd>land uncropped and plowed, etc., during the summer, in order to
pulverize the soil and kill the weeds.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer
rash</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>prickly heat. See under
<u>Prickly</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer sheldrake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hooded merganser.</cd> [Local, U.S.] --
<col><b>Summer snipe</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The dunlin.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
common European sandpiper.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The green
sandpiper.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer tanager</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a singing bird (<i>Piranga rubra</i>) native
of the Middle and Southern United States. The male is deep red, the
female is yellowish olive above and yellow beneath. Called also
<i>summer redbird</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Summer teal</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, the blue-winged teal. [Local, U.S.] --
<col><b>Summer wheat</b></col>, <cd>wheat that is sown in the spring,
and matures during the summer following. See <u>Spring wheat</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Summer yellowbird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Yellowbird</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Summered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Summering</u>.] <def>To pass the summer; to spend the warm season;
as, to <i>summer</i> in Switzerland.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fowls shall <i>summer</i> upon them.</blockquote>
<i>Isa. xviii. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To keep or carry
through the summer; to feed during the summer; as, to <i>summer</i>
stock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer-fal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To plow
and work in summer, in order to prepare for wheat or other crop; to
plow and let lie fallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer*house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Summerhouses</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A rustic house or apartment
in a garden or park, to be used as a pleasure resort in summer.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being like summer.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sum"mer*sault</hw> (?), <hw>Sum"mer*set</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Somersault</u>,
<u>Somerset</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer*stir`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To summer-
fallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer*tide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Summer
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer*tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Summer</i> a
beam + <i>tree</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A summer. See 2d
<u>Summer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mer*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to summer; like summer; as, a <i>summery</i> day.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sums up;
one who forms an abridgment or summary.</def>  <i>Sir E.
Dering.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sommet</i>, dim.
of OF. <i>som</i>, <i>sum</i>, top, from L. <i>summum</i>, from
<i>summus</i> highest. See <u>Sum</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The top; the highest point.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fixed on the <i>summit</i> of the highest
mount.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The highest degree; the utmost elevation;
the acme; as, the <i>summit</i> of human fame.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The most elevated part
of a bivalve shell, or the part in which the hinge is
situated.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Summit level</b></col>, <cd>the highest level of a canal, a
railroad, or the like, in surmounting an ascent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mit*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
summit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mit*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>summitas</i>,
fr. <i>summus</i> highest: cf. F. <i>sommit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Sum</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The height
or top of anything.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The utmost degree; perfection.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Summoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Summoning</u>.] [OE. <i>somonen</i>, OF. <i>sumundre</i>,
<i>semondre</i>, F. <i>semondre</i>, from (assumed) LL.
<i>summon&ebreve;re</i>, for L. <i>summon&emacr;re</i> to give a hint;
<i>sub</i> under + <i>monere</i> to admonish, to warn. See
<u>Monition</u>, and cf. <u>Submonish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
call, bid, or cite; to notify to come to appear; -- often with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stiffen the sinews, <i>summon</i> up the
blood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Trumpets <i>summon</i> him to war.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give notice to, or command to appear, as
in court; to cite by authority; as, to <i>summon</i>
witnesses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To call upon to surrender, as
a fort.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To call; cite; notify; convene; convoke; excite;
invite; bid. See <u>Call</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sum"mon*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>somner</i>,
<i>sompnour</i>, OF. <i>semoneor</i>, F. <i>semonneur</i>. See
<u>Summon</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>One who summons; one who
cites by authority; specifically, a petty officer formerly employed to
summon persons to appear in court; an apparitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mons</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Summonses</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>somouns</i>, OF.
<i>sumunse</i>, <i>semonse</i>, <i>semonce</i>, F. <i>semonce</i>,
<i>semondre</i> to summon, OF. p. p. <i>semons</i>. See <u>Summon</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of summoning; a
call by authority, or by the command of a superior, to appear at a
place named, or to attend to some duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Special <i>summonses</i> by the king.</blockquote>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>summons</i> . . . unfit either to dispute or
disobey.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He sent to summon the seditious, and to offer pardon;
but neither <i>summons</i> nor pardon was regarded.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A warning or citation to
appear in court; a written notification signed by the proper officer,
to be served on a person, warning him to appear in court at a day
specified, to answer to the plaintiff, testify as a witness, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A demand to
surrender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sum"mons</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To summon.</def>
[R. or Colloq.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sum"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A summoner.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*moom"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Simoom</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>sumpf</i> a sump
in a mine, a swamp, akin to LG. <i>sump</i>, D. <i>somp</i> a swamp,
Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>sump</i>, and perhaps to E. <i>swamp</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A round pit of stone, lined
with clay, for receiving the metal on its first fusion.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cistern or reservoir made at the lowest
point of a mine, from which is pumped the water which accumulates
there.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pond of water for salt works.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A puddle or dirty pool.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Sump fuse</b></col>, <cd>a fuse used in blasting under
water.</cd> -- <col><b>Sump men</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>the men
who sink the sump in a mine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sumph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dunce; a
blockhead.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Sum"pi*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
blowgun for discharging arrows, -- used by the savages of Borneo and
adjacent islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sump"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>sommetier</i>
the driver of a pack horse; akin to OF. &amp; F. <i>sommier</i> a pack
horse, L. <i>sagmarius</i>, fr. <i>sagma</i> a pack saddle, in LL., a
load, Gr. &?; a pack saddle, fr. &?; to pack, load; cf. Skr.
<i>saj</i>, <i>sa&ntilde;j</i>, to hang on.  Cf. <u>Seam</u> a weight,
<u>Summer</u> a beam.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The driver of a pack
horse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pack; a burden.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An animal, especially a horse, that carries
packs or burdens; a baggage horse.</def>  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sump"ter</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Carrying pack or
burdens on the back; as, a <i>sumpter</i> horse; a <i>sumpter</i>
mule.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sump"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sumptio</i>,
fr. <i>sumere</i>, <i>sumptum</i>, to take.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
taking.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The major premise of a
syllogism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sump"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sumptuarius</i>, fr. <i>sumptus</i> expense, cost, fr.
<i>sumere</i>, <i>sumptum</i>, to take, use, spend; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>emere</i> to take, buy: cf. F. <i>somptuaire</i>. See
<u>Redeem</u>.] <def>Relating to expense; regulating expense or
expenditure.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sumptuary</b></col> <col><b>laws or regulations</b></col>,
<cd>laws intended to restrain or limit the expenditure of citizens in
apparel, food, furniture, etc.; laws which regulate the prices of
commodities and the wages of labor; laws which forbid or restrict the
use of certain articles, as of luxurious apparel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sump`tu*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sumptuositas</i>: cf. F. <i>somptuosit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Expensiveness; costliness; sumptuousness.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1445 !></p>

<p><hw>Sump"tu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sumptuosus</i>, fr. <i>sumptus</i> expanse, cost: cf. F.
<i>somptueux</i>. See <u>Sumptuary</u>.] <def>Involving large outlay
or expense; costly; expensive; hence, luxurious; splendid;
magnificient; as, a <i>sumptuous</i> house or table; <i>sumptuous</i>
apparel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are too magnificient and <i>sumptuous</i> in our
tables and attendance.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She spoke, and turned her <i>sumptuous</i> head, with
eyes<BR>
Of shining expectation fixed on mine.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sump"tu*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sump"tu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sunn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sunne</i>,
<i>sonne</i>, AS. <i>sunne</i>; akin to OFries. <i>sunne</i>, D.
<i>zon</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>sunna</i>, G. <i>sonne</i>, Icel.
<i>sunna</i>, Goth. <i>sunna</i>; perh. fr. same root as L.
<i>sol</i>. &radic;297.  Cf. <u>Solar</u>, <u>South</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The luminous orb, the light of which
constitutes day, and its absence night; the central body round which
the earth and planets revolve, by which they are held in their orbits,
and from which they receive light and heat. Its mean distance from the
earth is about 92,500,000 miles, and its diameter about
860,000.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Its mean apparent diameter as seen from the earth is
32&prime; 4&Prime;, and it revolves on its own axis once in 25&frac13;
days. Its mean density is about one fourth of that of the earth, or
1.41, that of water being unity. Its luminous surface is called the
<i>photosphere</i>, above which is an envelope consisting partly of
hydrogen, called the <i>chromosphere</i>, which can be seen only
through the spectroscope, or at the time of a total solar eclipse.
Above the chromosphere, and sometimes extending out millions of miles,
are luminous rays or streams of light which are visible only at the
time of a total eclipse, forming the solar <i>corona</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any heavenly body which forms the center of
a system of orbs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The direct light or warmth of the sun;
sunshine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lambs that did frisk in the <i>sun</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles the sun, as in
splendor or importance; any source of light, warmth, or
animation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the Lord God is a <i>sun</i> and
shield.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxiv. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will never consent to put out the <i>sun</i> of
sovereignity to posterity.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sun and planet wheels</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>an
ingenious contrivance for converting reciprocating motion, as that of
the working beam of a steam engine, into rotatory motion. It consists
of a toothed wheel (called the <i>sun wheel</i>), firmly secured to
the shaft it is desired to drive, and another wheel (called the
<i>planet wheel</i>) secured to the end of a connecting rod. By the
motion of the connecting rod, the planet wheel is made to circulate
round the central wheel on the shaft, communicating to this latter a
velocity of revolution the double of its own.</cd> <i>G. Francis.</i>
-- <col><b>Sun angel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South
American humming bird of the genus <i>Heliangelos</i>, noted for its
beautiful colors and the brilliant luster of the feathers of its
throat.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun animalcute</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Heliozoa</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun bath</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>exposure of a patient to the sun's rays;
insolation.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a species of bear (<i>Helarctos Malayanus</i>) native of Southern
Asia and Borneo. It has a small head and short neck, and fine short
glossy fur, mostly black, but brownish on the nose. It is easily
tamed. Called also <i>bruang</i>, and <i>Malayan bear</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sun beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any small
lustrous beetle of the genus <i>Amara</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun
bittern</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a singular South American
bird (<i>Eurypyga helias</i>), in some respects related both to the
rails and herons. It is beautifully variegated with white, brown, and
black. Called also <i>sunbird</i>, and <i>tiger bittern</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sun fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the condition of fever
produced by sun stroke.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun gem</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a Brazilian humming bird (<i>Heliactin
cornutus</i>). Its head is ornamented by two tufts of bright colored
feathers, fiery crimson at the base and greenish yellow at the tip.
Called also <i>Horned hummer</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun grebe</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the finfoot.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun
picture</b></col>, <cd>a picture taken by the agency of the sun's
rays; a photograph.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun spots</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>dark spots that appear on the sun's disk,
consisting commonly of a black central portion with a surrounding
border of lighter shade, and usually seen only by the telescope, but
sometimes by the naked eye. They are very changeable in their figure
and dimensions, and vary in size from mere apparent points to spaces
of 50,000 miles in diameter. The term <i>sun spots</i> is often used
to include bright spaces (called <i>facul&aelig;</i>) as well as dark
spaces (called <i>macul&aelig;</i>). Called also <i>solar spots</i>.
See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun
star</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of
starfishes belonging to <i>Solaster</i>, <i>Crossaster</i>, and allied
genera, having numerous rays.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun trout</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the squeteague.</cd> -- <col><b>Sun
wheel</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sun and planet wheels</i>,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Under the sun</b></col>, <cd>in the world; on
earth.</cd> "There is no new thing <i>under the sun</i>." <i>Eccl. i.
9.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sun</i> is often used in the formation of compound
adjectives of obvious meaning; as, <i>sun</i>-bright, <i>sun</i>-
dried, <i>sun</i>-gilt, <i>sun</i>like, <i>sun</i>-lit, <i>sun</i>-
scorched, and the like.</p>

<p><hw>Sun</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sunned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sunning</u>.] <def>To expose to the sun's rays; to warm or dry in
the sun; as, to <i>sun</i> cloth; to <i>sun</i> grain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then to <i>sun</i> thyself in open air.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sunnebeam</i>.] <def>A beam or ray of the sun.</def> "Evening
<i>sunbeams</i>."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thither came Uriel, gliding through the even<BR>
On a <i>sunbeam</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of numerous species of small
brilliantly colored birds of the family <i>Nectariniid&aelig;</i>,
native of Africa, Southern Asia, the East Indies, and Australia. In
external appearance and habits they somewhat resemble humming birds,
but they are true singing birds (Oscines).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The sun bittern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"blink`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A glimpse or
flash of the sun.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"bon"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bonnet,
generally made of some thin or light fabric, projecting beyond the
face, and commonly having a cape, -- worn by women as a protection
against the sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"bow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rainbow; an
iris.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"burn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sunburned</u> (?) or <u>Sunburnt</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sunburning</u>.] <def>To burn or discolor by
the sun; to tan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sunburnt</i> and swarthy though she be.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"burn`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The burning or
discoloration produced on the skin by the heat of the sun;
tan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"-burn`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A circle or
cluster of gas-burners for lighting and ventilating public
buildings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"burn`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sunburn;
tan.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"burst`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A burst of
sunlight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sunbeam.</def>
[R.]  <i>Mrs. Hemans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"day</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sunnand&aelig;g</i>; <i>sunne</i>, gen. <i>sunnan</i>, the sun +
<i>d&aelig;g</i> day; akin to D. <i>zondag</i>, G. <i>sonntag</i>; --
so called because this day was anciently dedicated to the <i>sun</i>,
or to its worship. See <u>Sun</u>, and <u>Day</u>.] <def>The first day
of the week, -- consecrated among Christians to rest from secular
employments, and to religious worship; the Christian Sabbath; the
Lord's Day.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Advent Sunday</b></col>, <col><b>Low Sunday</b></col>,
<col><b>Passion Sunday</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Advent</u>,
<u>Low</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Sabbath</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sun"day</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to the
Christian Sabbath.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sunday letter</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Dominical letter</i>,
under <u>Dominical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sunday school</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>School</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sun"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sundered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sundering</u>.] [OE. <i>sundren</i>, AS. <i>sundrain</i> (in
&amacr;<i>sundrain</i>, ge<i>sundrain</i>), from <i>sundor</i>
asunder, separately, apart; akin to D. <i>zonder</i>, prep., without,
G. <i>sonder</i> separate, as prep., without, <i>sondern</i> but, OHG.
<i>suntar</i> separately, Icel. <i>sundr</i> asunder, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>s&ouml;nder</i>, Goth. <i>sundr&omacr;</i> alone, separately.]
<def>To disunite in almost any manner, either by rending, cutting, or
breaking; to part; to put or keep apart; to separate; to divide; to
sever; as, to <i>sunder</i> a rope; to <i>sunder</i> a limb; to
<i>sunder</i> friends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is <i>sundered</i> from the main land by a sandy
plain.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To part; to
separate.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sunder</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Asunder</u>.] <def>A separation
into parts; a division or severance.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In sunder</b></col>, <cd>into parts.</cd> "He breaketh the
bow, and cutteth the spear <i>in sunder</i>." <i>Ps. xlvi. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To expose to the sun
and wind.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dew`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
plant of the genus Drosera, low bog plants whose leaves are beset with
pediceled glands which secrete a viscid fluid that glitters like
dewdrops and attracts and detains insects. After an insect is caught,
the glands curve inward like tentacles and the leaf digests it. Called
also <i>lustwort</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"di`al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument to
show the time of day by means of the shadow of a gnomon, or style, on
a plate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sundial shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any shell
of the genus Solarium. See <u>Solarium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dog`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Meteorol.)</i>
<def>A luminous spot occasionally seen a few degrees from the sun,
supposed to be formed by the intersection of two or more halos, or in
a manner similar to that of halos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The setting of the sun; sunset.</def> "When <i>sundown</i> skirts
the moor."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of broad-brimmed sun hat worn by
women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"-dried`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dried by the
heat of the sun.</def> "<i>Sun-dried</i> brick."  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dries</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Many
different or small things; sundry things.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In sundry
ways; variously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sundry</i>,
<i>sondry</i>, AS. <i>syndrig</i>, fr. <i>sundor</i> asunder. See
<u>Sunder</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Several; divers; more than one or two; various.</def>
"<i>Sundry</i> wines." <i>Chaucer.</i> "<i>Sundry</i> weighty
reasons." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With many a sound of <i>sundry</i> melody.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sundry</i> foes the rural realm
surround.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Separate; diverse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every church almost had the Bible of a <i>sundry</i>
translation.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><col><b>All and sundry</b></col>, <cd>all collectively, and each
separately.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dry*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sundrymen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who deals in sundries, or
a variety of articles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A very large oceanic plectognath fish
(<i>Mola mola</i>, <i>Mola rotunda</i>, or <i>Orthagoriscus mola</i>)
having a broad body and a truncated tail.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any one of numerous species of perch-like North American fresh-
water fishes of the family <i>Centrachid&aelig;</i>. They have a
broad, compressed body, and strong dorsal spines. Among the common
species of the Eastern United States are <i>Lepomis gibbosus</i>
(called also <i>bream</i>, <i>pondfish</i>, <i>pumpkin seed</i>, and
<i>sunny</i>), the blue sunfish, or dollardee (<i>L. pallidus</i>),
and the long-eared sunfish (<i>L. auritus</i>). Several of the species
are called also <i>pondfish</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
moonfish, or bluntnosed shiner.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The
opah.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The basking, or liver,
shark.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Any large jellyfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any plant of
the genus <i>Helianthus</i>; -- so called probably from the form and
color of its flower, which is large disk with yellow rays. The
commonly cultivated sunflower is <i>Helianthus annuus</i>, a native of
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"glass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sunglasses</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A convex lens of glass for
producing heat by converging the sun's rays into a focus.</def>
"Lighting a cigar with a <i>sunglass</i>."  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"glow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rosy flush in
the sky seen after sunset.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sunk</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sink</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sunk fence</b></col>, <cd>a ditch with a retaining wall,
used to divide lands without defacing a landscape; a ha-ha.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sunk"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying on the bottom
of a river or other water; sunk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute or
deprived of the sun or its rays; shaded; shadowed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sunken glen whose <i>sunless</i> shrubs must
weep.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The light of the
sun.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like or
resembling the sun.</def> "A spot of <i>sunlike</i> brilliancy."
<i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"lit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lighted by the
sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sunn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>san</i>, fr. Skr.
<i>&ccedil;ana</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An East Indian leguminous
plant (<i>Crotalaria juncea</i>) and its fiber, which is also called
<i>sunn hemp</i>.</def> [Written also <i>sun</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sun"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>sunnah</i>
rule, law.] <def>A collection of traditions received by the orthodox
Mohammedans as of equal authority with the Koran.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"ni*ah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the sect
of Sunnites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"ni*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being sunny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
orthodox Mohammedans who receive the Sunna as of equal importance with
the Koran.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"nud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind., fr. Ar.
<i>sanad</i>.] <def>A charter or warrant; also, a deed of gift.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><hw>Sun"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sunnier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sunniest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from, or resembling the sun;
hence, shining; bright; brilliant; radiant.</def> "<i>Sunny</i>
beams." <i>Spenser.</i> "<i>Sunny</i> locks." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exposed to the rays of the sun; brightened
or warmed by the direct rays of the sun; as, a <i>sunny</i> room; the
<i>sunny</i> side of a hill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her blooming mountains and her <i>sunny</i>
shores.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cheerful; genial; as, a <i>sunny</i>
disposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My decayed fair<BR>
A <i>sunny</i> look of his would soon repair.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sunfish</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impervious to
the rays of the sun.</def> "Darksome yew, <i>sunproof</i>."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sun"rise`</hw> (?), <hw>Sun"ris`ing</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The first appearance of
the sun above the horizon in the morning; more generally, the time of
such appearance, whether in fair or cloudy weather; as, to begin work
at <i>sunrise</i>.</def> "The tide of <i>sunrise</i> swells."
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the region where the sun rises; the
east.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which were beyond Jordan toward the
<i>sunrising</i>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. iv. 47 (Rev. Ver.)</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Full hot and fast the Saxon rides, with rein of travel
slack,<BR>
And, bending o'ev his saddle, leaves the <i>sunrise</i> at his
back.</blockquote> <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sun"set"</hw> (?), <hw>Sun"set`ting</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The descent of the sun
below the horizon; also, the time when the sun sets; evening. Also
used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is the <i>sunset</i> of life gives me mystical
lore.</blockquote> <i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the region where the sun sets; the
west.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sunset shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a West
Indian marine bivalve (<i>Tellina radiata</i>) having a smooth shell
marked with radiating bands of varied colors resembling those seen at
sunset or before sunrise; -- called also <i>rising sun</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sun"shade`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything used as
a protection from the sun's rays.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small parasol.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An awning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"shine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct
rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light
which they give.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But all <i>sunshine</i>, as when his beams at noon<BR>
Culminate from the equator.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which has a warming and cheering
influence like that of the rays of the sun; warmth; illumination;
brightness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That man that sits within a monarch's heart,<BR>
And ripens in the <i>sunshine</i> of his favor.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1446 !></p>

<p><hw>Sun"shine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sunshiny;
bright.</def> <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Sunshine</i> hours." <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"shin`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Bright with the rays of the sun; clear, warm, or pleasant; as, a
<i>sunshiny</i> day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bright like the sun; resplendent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flashing beams of that <i>sunshiny</i>
shield.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Beaming with good spirits; cheerful.</def>
"Her <i>sunshiny</i> face."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"squall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any large jellyfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun" star`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <i>Sun
star</i>, under <u>Sun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"sted</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sun</i> +
<i>stead</i> a place.] <def>Solstice.</def> [Obs.] "The summer
<i>sunsted</i>."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Aventurine feldspar. See under <u>Aventurine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"stroke`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Any affection produced by the action of the sun on some part of
the body; especially, a sudden prostration of the physical powers,
with symptoms resembling those of apoplexy, occasioned by exposure to
excessive heat, and often terminating fatally; coup de
soleil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"-struck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Overcome by, or affected with, sunstroke; as, <i>sun-struck</i>
soldiers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sunrise.</def>
[Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such a horse as that might get over a good deal of
ground atwixt <i>sunup</i> and sundown.</blockquote>
<i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the
sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
direction of the sun's apparent motion, or from the east southward and
westward, and so around the circle; also, in the same direction as the
movement of the hands of a watch lying face upward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Supped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Supping</u>.] [OE. <i>soupen</i> to drink, AS. <i>s&?;pan</i>; akin
to D. <i>zuipen</i>, G. <i>saufen</i>, OHG. <i>s&?;fan</i>, Icel.
<i>s&?;pa</i>, Sw. <i>supa</i>, Dan. <i>s&ouml;be</i>.  Cf.
<u>Sip</u>, <u>Sop</u>, <u>Soup</u>, <u>Supper</u>.] <def>To take into
the mouth with the lips, as a liquid; to take or drink by a little at
a time; to sip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There I'll <i>sup</i><BR>
Balm and nectar in my cup.</blockquote> <i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small mouthful, as of
liquor or broth; a little taken with the lips; a sip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tom Thumb had got a little <i>sup</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Supper</u>.] <def>To
eat the evening meal; to take supper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do entreat that we may <i>sup</i>
together.</blockquote> <i>&?;</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat with
supper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sup</i> them well and look unto them
all.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*pawn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of American Indian
origin.] <def>Boiled Indian meal; hasty pudding; mush.</def> [Written
also <i>sepawn</i>, <i>sepon</i>, and <i>suppawn</i>.] [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Supe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A super.</def>
[Theatrical Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Su"per-</hw> (?). [L. <i>super</i> over, above; akin to Gr.
&?;, L. <i>sub</i> under, and E. <i>over</i>. See <u>Over</u>, and cf.
<u>Hyper-</u>, <u>Sub-</u>, <u>Supra-</u>, <u>Sur-</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prefix signifying <i>above</i>, <i>over</i>,
<i>beyond</i>, and hence often denoting <i>in a superior position</i>,
<i>in excess</i>, <i>over and above</i>, <i>in addition</i>,
<i>exceedingly</i>; as in <i>super</i>impose, <i>super</i>sede,
<i>super</i>natural, <i>super</i>abundance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix formerly much used
to denote that the ingredient to the name of which it was prefixed was
present in a <i>large</i>, or <i>unusually large</i>, proportion as
compared with the other ingredients; as in calcium
<i>super</i>phosphate. It has been superseded by <i>per-</i>, <i>bi-
</i>, <i>di-</i>, <i>acid</i>, etc. (as <i>per</i>oxide,
<i>bi</i>carbonate, <i>di</i>sulphide, and <i>acid</i> sulphate),
which retain the old meanings of <i>super-</i>, but with sharper
definition.  Cf. <u>Acid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Bi-</u>, <u>Di-
</u>, and <u>Per-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contraction of
<u>Supernumerary</u>, in sense  2.</def> [Theatrical Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Su"per*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superabilis</i>, from <i>superare</i> to go over, to surmount, fr.
<i>super</i> above, over.] <def>Capable of being overcome or
conquered; surmountable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Antipathies are generally <i>superable</i> by a single
effort.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Su"per*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su"per*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*a*bound"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superabundare</i>: cf. OF. <i>superabonder</i>. See <u>Super-</u>,
and <u>Abound</u>.] <def>To be very abundant or exuberant; to be more
than sufficient; as, the country <i>superabounds</i> with
corn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*a*bun"dance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superabundantia</i>: cf. OF. <i>superabondance</i>.] <def>The
quality or state of being superabundant; a superabundant quantity;
redundancy; excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*a*bun"dant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superabundans</i>, p. pr. of <i>superabundare</i>. See
<u>Superabound</u>.] <def>Abounding to excess; being more than is
sufficient; redundant; as, <i>superabundant</i> zeal.</def> --
<wf>Su`per*a*bun"dant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*a*cid"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Acidulated to excess.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*add"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superadded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Superadding</u>.] [L. <i>superaddere</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and
<u>Add</u>.] <def>To add over and above; to add to what has been
added; to annex, as something extrinsic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The strength of any living creature, in those external
motion, is something distinct from, and <i>superadded</i> unto, its
natural gravity.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The peacock laid it extremely to heart that he had not
the nightingale's voice <i>superadded</i> to the beauty of his
plumes.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ad*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of adding something in excess or something extraneous; also, something
which is added in excess or extraneously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>superaddition</i> is nothing but
fat.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ad*ven"ient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coming
upon; coming in addition to, or in assistance of, something.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He has done bravely by the <i>superadvenient</i>
assistance of his God.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*al`i*men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of overfeeding, or making one take food in excess of the natural
appetite for it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*al`tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>A raised shelf or stand on the back of an altar, on which
different objects can be placed; a predella or gradino.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*an*gel"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Superior
to the angels in nature or rank.</def> [R.]  <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*an"nu*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superannuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Superannuating</u>.] [Pref. <i>super-</i> +
L. <i>annus</i> a year.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To impair or
disquality on account of age or infirmity.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a pension to, on account of old age
or other infirmity; to cause to retire from service on a
pension.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*an"nu*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To last
beyond the year; -- said of annual plants.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*an`nu*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being superannuated, or too old for office or business; the
state of being disqualified by old age; decrepitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world itself is in a state of
<i>superannuation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Slyness blinking through the watery eye of
<i>superannuation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*perb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>superbe</i>, L.
<i>superbus</i>, fr. <i>super</i> over. See <u>Super-</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Grand; magnificent; august; stately; as, a
<i>superb</i> edifice; a <i>superb</i> colonnade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rich; elegant; as, <i>superb</i> furniture
or decorations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Showy; excellent; grand; as, a
<i>superb</i> exhibition.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Superb paradise bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
bird of paradise (<i>Paradis&aelig;a, or Lophorina, superba</i>)
having the scapulars erectile, and forming a large ornamental tuft on
each shoulder, and a large gorget of brilliant feathers on the breast.
The color is deep violet, or nearly black, with brilliant green
reflections. The gorget is bright metallic green.</cd> --
<col><b>Superb warber</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Blue
wren</i>, under <u>Wren</u>.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Su*perb"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su*perb"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su*per"bi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>superbiare</i>.] <def>To make (a person) haughty.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*car"bon*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bicarbonate.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*car"bu*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Bicarbureted.</def> [Written also
<i>supercarburetted</i>.] [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*car"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Super-</i> +
<i>cargo</i>: cf. Sp. <i>sobrecargo.</i>  Cf. <u>Surcharge</u>.]
<def>An officer or person in a merchant ship, whose duty is to manage
the sales, and superintend the commercial concerns, of the
voyage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*car"pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above, or in the upper part of, the carpus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ce*les"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>celestial</i>: cf. L. <i>supercaelestis</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Situated above the firmament, or great vault
of heaven.</def>  <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Higher than celestial;
superangelic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*charge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Supercharged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Supercharging</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>super-</i> +
<i>charge</i>.  Cf. <u>Surcharge</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>To charge (a
bearing) upon another bearing; as, to <i>supercharge</i> a rose upon a
fess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*charge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>A bearing charged upon another bearing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*chem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Above or
beyond chemistry; inexplicable by chemical laws.</def>  <i>J. Le
Conte.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*perch"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>supercherie</i>.] <def>Deceit; fraud; imposition.</def> [Obs. &
R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*cil"i*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supercilium</i> an eyebrow. See <u>Supercilious</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the eyebrows;
supraorbital.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a distinct
streak of color above the eyes; as, the <i>superciliary</i>
woodpecker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*cil"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superciliosus</i>, fr. <i>supercilium</i> an eyebrow, pride;
<i>super</i> over, + <i>cilium</i> an eyelid; probably akin to
<i>celare</i> to conceal.  Cf. <u>Conceal</u>.] <def>Lofty with pride;
haughty; dictatorial; overbearing; arrogant; as, a <i>supercilious</i>
officer; a<i>supercilious</i> air; <i>supercilious</i> behavior.</def>
-- <wf>Su`per*cil"i*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su`per*cil"i*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Su`per*cil"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The eyebrow, or the region of the
eyebrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*co*lum`ni*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The putting of one order above another; also, an
architectural work produced by this method; as, the putting of the
Doric order in the ground story, Ionic above it, and Corinthian or
Composite above this.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*con*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Superfetation.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*con"se*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Remote
consequence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*cres"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Supercrescent</u>.] <def>That which grows upon another growing
thing; a parasite.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*cres"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supercrescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>supercrescere</i>; <i>super</i>
above + <i>crescere</i> to grow.] <def>Growing on some other growing
thing.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*cre*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Supracretaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p>
</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*cu"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Excessively curious or inquisitive.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*dom"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The sixth tone of the scale; that next above the dominant; --
called also <i>submediant</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`per*em"i*nence</hw> (?), <hw>Su`per*em"i*nen*cy</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>supereminentia</i>.] <def>The quality or
state of being supereminent; distinguished eminence; as, the
<i>supereminence</i> of Cicero as an orator, or Lord Chatham as a
statesman.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was not forever beset with the consciousness of his
own <i>supereminence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*em"i*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supereminens</i>, p. pr. of <i>supereminere</i>. See <u>Super-</u>,
and <u>Eminent</u>.] <def>Eminent in a superior degree; surpassing
others in excellence; as, a <i>supereminent</i> divine; the
<i>supereminent</i> glory of Christ.</def> --
<wf>Su`per*em"i*nent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*er"o*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supererogans</i>, p. pr. See <u>Supererogate</u>.]
<def>Supererogatory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*er"o*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Supererogated</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Supererogating</u>.] [L.
<i>supererogatus</i>, p. p. of <i>supererogare</i> to spend or pay out
over and above; <i>super</i> over, above + <i>erogare</i> to expend or
pay out money from the public treasury after asking the consent of the
people. See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Erogate</u>, <u>Rogation</u>.]
<def>To do more than duty requires; to perform works of
supererogation; to atone (for a dificiency in another) by means of a
surplus action or quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fervency of one man in prayer can not
<i>supererogate</i> for the coldness of another.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*er`o*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supererogatio</i> a payment in addition.] <def>The act of
supererogating; performance of more than duty or necessity
requires.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Works of supererogation</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>,
<cd>those good deeds believed to have been performed by saints, or
capable of being performed by men, over and above what is required for
their own salvation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*e*rog"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Supererogatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*e*rog"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Performed to an extent not enjoined, or not required, by duty or
necessity; as, <i>supererogatory</i> services.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*es*sen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Essential above others, or above the constitution of a
thing.</def>  <i>J. Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*eth"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>More than
ethical; above ethics.</def>  <i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ex*alt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superexalted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superexalting</u>.] <def>To exalt to a superior
degree; to exalt above others.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ex`al*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Elevation above the common degree.</def>  <i>Holyday.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ex"cel*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Superior excellence; extraordinary excellence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ex"cel*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>excellent</i>: cf. L. <i>superexcellens</i>.]
<def>Excellent in an uncommon degree; very excellent.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ex`ci*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Excessive, or more than normal, excitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ex*cres"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Something growing superfluously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*fam`i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group intermediate between a family and a
suborder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fec`un*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Fertilization of two ova, at the same
menstruation, by two different acts of coition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fe*cun"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Superabundant fecundity or multiplication of the
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fe"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superfetare</i>; <i>super</i> above, over + <i>fetare</i> to bring
forth.] <def>To conceive after a prior conception, but before the
birth of the offspring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The female . . . is said to
<i>superfetate</i>.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fe*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>superf&eacute;tation</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The formation of
a fetus at the result of an impregnation occurring after another
impregnation but before the birth of the offspring produced by it.
This is possible only when there is a double uterus, or where
menstruation persists up to the time of the second
impregnation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In then became a <i>superfetation</i> upon, and not an
ingredient in, the national character.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
superfetate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fete"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To conceive
(another fetus) after a former conception.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
superficies.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superficialis</i>: cf. F. <i>superficiel</i>. See
<u>Superficies</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
superficies, or surface; lying on the surface; shallow; not deep; as,
a <i>superficial</i> color; a <i>superficial</i> covering;
<i>superficial</i> measure or contents; <i>superficial</i>
tillage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reaching or comprehending only what is
obvious or apparent; not deep or profound; shallow; -- said especially
in respect to study, learning, and the like; as, a <i>superficial</i>
scholar; <i>superficial</i> knowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>superficial</i> tale<BR>
Is but a preface of her worthy praise.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is a presumptuous and <i>superficial</i>
writer.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>superficial</i> judgment, which happens to be
right without deserving to be so.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Su`per*fi"cial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su`per*fi"cial*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi"cial*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
attends to anything superficially; a superficial or shallow person; a
sciolist; a smatterer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi`ci*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>superficialit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
superficial; also, that which is superficial.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi"cial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
attend to, or to treat, superficially, or in a shallow or slighting
way.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is a characteristic weakness of the day to
<i>superficialize</i> evil.</blockquote> <i>E. P. Whipple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi"ci*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Rom.
Law)</i> <def>One to whom a right of surface occupation is granted;
one who pays quitrent for a house built upon another man's
ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi"ci*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the superficies, or surface;
superficial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Law)</i> <def>Situated or built on
another man's land, as a house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fi"cies</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>super</i> above, over + <i>facies</i> make, figure, shape. See
<u>Surface</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The surface; the exterior
part, superficial area, or face of a thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Everything on the surface of a piece of ground, or of a building,
so closely connected by art or nature as to constitute a part of it,
as houses, or other superstructures, fences, trees, vines, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A real right consisting of a grant by a
landed proprietor of a piece of ground, bearing a strong resemblance
to the long building leases granted by landholders in England, in
consideration of a rent, and under reservation of the ownership of the
soil.</def>  <i>Bouvier. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*fine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Very fine, or most fine; being of surpassing fineness; of extra
nice or fine quality; as, <i>superfine</i> cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessively fine; too nice; over
particular; as, <i>superfine</i> distinctions; <i>superfine</i>
tastes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*fine`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being superfine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fin"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Extremely
finical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*per"flu*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superfluens</i>, p. pr. of <i>superfluere</i> to flow or run over.
See <u>Superfluous</u>.] <def>Superfluity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*flu"i*tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>super</i> above + <i>fluitans</i>, p. pr. of <i>fluitare</i>
intensive fr. <i>fluere</i> to flow.] <def>Floating above or on the
surface.</def> [Obs.] <i>Sir T. Browne.</i> --
<wf>Su`per*flu"i*tance</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 1447 !></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*flu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Superfluities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>superfluit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>superfluitas</i>. See <u>Superfluous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A greater quantity than is wanted; superabundance; as, a
<i>superfluity</i> of water; a <i>superfluity</i> of wealth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A quiet mediocrity is still to be preferred before a
troubled <i>superfluity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being superfluous;
excess.</def> "By a <i>superfluity</i> abominable."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something beyond what is needed; something
which serves for show or luxury.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Superabundance; excess; redundancy.</p>

<p><hw>Su*per"flu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superfluus</i> overflowing; <i>super</i> over, above +
<i>fluere</i> to flow. See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Fluent</u>.]
<def>More than is wanted or is sufficient; rendered unnecessary by
superabundance; unnecessary; useless; excessive; as, a
<i>superfluous</i> price.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An authority which makes all further argument or
illustration <i>superfluous</i>.</blockquote> <i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Superfluous interval</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an
interval that exceeds a major or perfect interval by a
semitone.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unnecessary; useless; exuberant; excessive;
redundant; needless.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Su*per"flu*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su*per"flu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*flux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Superabundance;
superfluity; an overflowing.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*f&oelig;*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Superfetation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fo`li*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excess
of foliation.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fron"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>A cloth which is placed over the top of an altar, and often hangs
down a few inches over the frontal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>To pour
(something) over or on something else.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*heat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superheated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Superheating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To heat too much, to
overheat; as, to <i>superheat</i> an oven.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>To heat, as steam,
apart from contact with water, until it resembles a perfect
gas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*heat`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The increase of
temperature communicated to steam by superheating it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*heat`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Steam
Engine)</i> <def>An apparatus for superheating steam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*hive`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A removable
upper part of a hive. The word is sometimes contracted to
<i>super</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*hu"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Above or
beyond what is human; sometimes, divine; as, <i>superhuman</i>
strength; <i>superhuman</i> wisdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*im*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superimposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superimposing</u>.] <def>To lay or impose on something
else; as, a stratum of earth <i>superimposed</i> on another
stratum.</def> -- <wf>Su`per*im`po*si"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*im`preg*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
act of impregnating, or the state of being impregnated, in addition to
a prior impregnation; superfetation.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`per*in*cum"bence</hw> (?), <hw>Su`per*in*cum"ben*cy</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being
superincumbent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*cum"bent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superincumbens</i>, p. pr. of <i>superincumbere</i>. See <u>Super-
</u>, and <u>Incumbent</u>.] <def>Lying or resting on something
else.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superinduced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superinducing</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>super-</i> +
<i>induce</i>: cf. L. <i>superinducere</i> to draw over.] <def>To
bring in, or upon, as an addition to something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Long custom of sinning <i>superinduces</i> upon the
soul new and absurd desires.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*duce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Superinduction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of superinducing, or the state of being superinduced.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>infuse</i>: cf. L. <i>superinfundere</i>,
<i>superinfusum</i>, to pour over.] <def>To infuse over.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*jec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
injection succeeding another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*spect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>inspect</i>: cf. L. <i>superinspicere</i>,
<i>superinspectum</i>.] <def>To over see; to superintend by
inspection.</def> [R.]  <i>Maydman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in`sti*tu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
institution upon another, as when A is instituted and admitted to a
benefice upon a title, and B instituted and admitted upon the
presentation of another.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in`tel*lec"tu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Being above intellect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*tend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superintended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superintending</u>.] [L. <i>superintendere</i>. See
<u>Super-</u>, and <u>Intend</u>.] <def>To have or exercise the charge
and oversight of; to oversee with the power of direction; to take care
of with authority; to supervise; as, an officer <i>superintends</i>
the building of a ship or the construction of a fort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king may appoint a council, who may
<i>superintend</i> the works of this nature.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Superintend</u>, <u>Supervise</u>.  These words
in general use are the synonymous. As sometimes used, <i>supervise</i>
implies the more general, and <i>superintend</i>, the more particular
and constant, inspection or direction. Among architects there is a
disposition to use the word <i>supervise</i> in the sense of a general
oversight of the main points of construction with reference to the
design, etc., and to employ the word <i>superintend</i> to signify a
constant, careful attention to all the details of construction. But
this technical distinction is not firmly established.</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*tend"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>superintendance</i>.] <def>The act of superintending; care and
oversight for the purpose of direction; supervision.</def>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inspection; oversight; care; direction; control;
guidance.</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*tend"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-cies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The act of superintending;
superintendence.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*tend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superintendens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Superintend</u>.]
<def>Overseeing; superintending.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*tend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>superintendant</i>, F. <i>surintendant</i>.  Cf.
<u>Surintendant</u>.] <def>One who has the oversight and charge of
some place, institution, or organization, affairs, etc., with the
power of direction; as, the <i>superintendent</i> of an almshouse; the
<i>superintendent</i> of public works.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Inspector; overseer; manager; director; curator;
supervisor.</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*tend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
superintendent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*in*vest"i*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
outer vestment or garment.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Horne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*pe"ri*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., compar. of
<i>superus</i> being above, fr. <i>super</i> above, over: cf. F.
<i>sup&eacute;rieur</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and cf. <u>Supreme</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>More elevated in place or position; higher;
upper; as, the <i>superior</i> limb of the sun; the <i>superior</i>
part of an image.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Higher in rank or office; more exalted in
dignity; as, a <i>superior</i> officer; a <i>superior</i> degree of
nobility.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Higher or greater in excellence; surpassing
others in the greatness, or value of any quality; greater in quality
or degree; as, a man of <i>superior</i> merit; or of <i>superior</i>
bravery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Beyond the power or influence of; too great
or firm to be subdued or affected by; -- with <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is not in earth a spectacle more worthy than a
great man <i>superior</i> to his sufferings.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>More comprehensive; as a term in
classification; as, a genus is <i>superior</i> to a species.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Above the
ovary; -- said of parts of the flower which, although normally below
the ovary, adhere to it, and so appear to originate from its upper
part; also of an ovary when the other floral organs are plainly below
it in position, and free from it.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Belonging to the part of an axillary flower which is toward the
main stem; posterior.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Pointing toward
the apex of the fruit; ascending; -- said of the radicle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Superior conjunction</b></col>, <col><b>Superior
planets</b></col>, <cd>etc. See <u>Conjunction</u>, <u>Planet</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Superior figure</b></col>, <col><b>Superior
letter</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a figure or letter printed above
the line, as a reference to a note or an index of a power, etc; as, in
<i>x<sup>2</sup> + y<sup>n</sup></i>, 2 is a <i>superior figure</i>,
<i>n</i> a <i>superior letter</i>.  Cf. <i>Inferior figure</i>, under
<u>Inferior</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su*pe"ri*or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who is above, or surpasses, another in rank, station, office,
age, ability, or merit; one who surpasses in what is desirable; as,
Addison has no <i>superior</i> as a writer of pure English.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The head of a monastery,
convent, abbey, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*pe"ri*or*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>A woman who acts as chief in a convent, abbey, or nunnery; a lady
superior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*pe`ri*or"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sup&eacute;riorit&eacute;</i>, LL. <i>superioritas</i>.] <def>The
quality, state, or condition of being superior; as, <i>superiority</i>
of rank; <i>superiority</i> in merit.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pre&euml;minence; excellence; predominancy;
prevalence; ascendency; odds; advantage.</p>

<p><hw>Su*pe"ri*or*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
superior position or manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ja"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superjacens</i>, p. pr. of <i>superjacere</i>; <i>super</i> above +
<i>jacere</i> to lie.] <def>Situated immediately above; as,
<i>superjacent</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superlatio</i>. See <u>Superlative</u>.] <def>Exaltation of
anything beyond truth or propriety.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*la"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superlativus</i>, fr. <i>superlatus</i> excessive, used as p. p. of
<i>superiorferre</i>, but from a different root: cf. F.
<i>superlatif</i>. See <u>Elate</u>, <u>Tolerate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lifted up to the highest degree; most eminent;
surpassing all other; supreme; as, <i>superlative</i> wisdom or
prudence; a woman of <i>superlative</i> beauty; the <i>superlative</i>
glory of the divine character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Expressing the highest or
lowest degree of the quality, manner, etc., denoted by an adjective or
an adverb. The superlative degree is formed from the positive by the
use of <i>-est</i>, <i>most</i>, or <i>least</i>; as, high<i>est</i>,
<i>most</i> pleasant, <i>least</i> bright.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Su`per*la"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su`per*la"tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*la"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is highest or most eminent; the utmost
degree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
superlative degree of adjectives and adverbs; also, a form or word by
which the superlative degree is expressed; as, <i>strongest</i>,
<i>wisest</i>, <i>most stormy</i>, <i>least windy</i>, are all
<i>superlatives</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Absolute superlative</b></col>, <cd>a superlative in an
absolute rather than in a comparative or exclusive sense. See
<u>Elative</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*lu*cra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + L. <i>lucratio</i> gain.] <def>Excessive or
extraordinary gain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`per*lu"nar</hw> (?), <hw>Su`per*lu"na*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being above the moon; not belonging to this
world; -- opposed to <i>sublunary</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The head that turns at <i>superlunar</i>
things.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ma*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
above, or superior to, matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su`per*max*il"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Super-</u>, and <u>Maxilla</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
supermaxilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Supermaxillary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*me"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Above the
middle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*mun"dane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being above
the world; -- opposed to <i>inframundane</i>.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*mun"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Supermundane.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like
supernaculum; first-rate; as, a <i>supernacular</i> wine.</def> [R.]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nac"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; n.</i></pos> [NL.,
from L. <i>super</i> over + G. <i>nagel</i>, a nail, as of the finger,
or a corruption of L. <i>super</i> and <i>ungulam</i> claw.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of mock Latin term intended to mean,
upon the nail; -- used formerly by topers.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Drinking <i>super nagulum</i> [<i>supernaculum</i>], a
device of drinking, new come out of France, which is, after a man hath
turned up the bottom of the cup, to drop it on his nail and make a
pearl with that is left; which if it slide, and he can not make it
stand on by reason there is too much, he must drink again for his
penance.</blockquote> <i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Good liquor, of which not enough is left to
wet one's nail.</def>  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*per"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>supernus</i>,
from <i>super</i> above: cf. F. <i>supernel</i>. See <u>Super-</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being in a higher place or region; locally
higher; as, the <i>supernal</i> orbs; <i>supernal</i> regions.</def>
"That <i>supernal</i> judge."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating or belonging to things above;
celestial; heavenly; as, <i>supernal</i> grace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not by the sufferance of <i>supernal</i>
power.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*na"tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supernatanus</i>, p. pr. of <i>supernatare</i> to swim above;
<i>super</i> above + <i>natare</i> to swim.] <def>Swimming above;
floating on the surface; as, oil <i>supernatant</i> on
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*na*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of floating on the surface of a fluid.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat"u*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>natural</i>: cf. OF. <i>supernaturel</i>, F.
<i>surnaturel</i>.] <def>Being beyond, or exceeding, the power or laws
of nature; miraculous.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Preternatural.  -- <u>Supernatural</u>,
<u>Preternatural</u>. <i>Preternatural</i> signifies <i>beside</i>
nature, and <i>supernatural</i>, <i>above</i> or <i>beyond</i> nature.
What is very greatly aside from the ordinary course of things is
<i>preternatural</i>; what is above or beyond the established laws of
the universe is <i>supernatural</i>. The dark day which terrified all
Europe nearly a century ago was <i>preternatural</i>; the resurrection
of the dead is <i>supernatural</i>. "That form which the earth is
under at present is <i>preternatural</i>, like a statue made and
broken again." <i>T. Burnet.</i> "Cures wrought by medicines are
natural operations; but the miraculous ones wrought by Christ and his
apostles were <i>supernatural</i>." <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That is <i>supernatural</i>, whether it be, that is
either not in the chain of natural cause and effect, or which acts on
the chain of cause and effect in nature, from without the
chain.</blockquote> <i>Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We must not view creation as <i>supernatural</i>, but
we do look upon it as miraculous.</blockquote> <i>McCosh.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The supernatural</b></col>, <cd>whatever is above and
beyond the scope, or the established course, of the laws of
nature.</cd> "Nature and the <i>supernatural</i>." <i>H.
Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat"u*ral*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being supernatural;
supernaturalness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine of a divine
and supernatural agency in the production of the miracles and
revelations recorded in the Bible, and in the grace which renews and
sanctifies men, -- in opposition to the doctrine which denies the
agency of any other than physical or natural causes in the case.</def>
[Written also <i>supranaturalism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat"u*ral*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
holds to the principles of supernaturalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat`u*ral*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to supernaturalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat`u*ral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being supernatural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat"u*ral*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
treat or regard as supernatural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat"u*ral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
supernatural manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nat"u*ral*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being supernatural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nu"mer*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supernumerarius</i>: cf. OF. <i>supernum&eacute;raire</i>, F.
<i>surnum&eacute;raire</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Numerary</u>,
<u>Number</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exceeding the number stated or
prescribed; as, a <i>supernumerary</i> officer in a
regiment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exceeding a necessary, usual, or required
number or quality; superfluous; as, <i>supernumerary</i> addresses;
<i>supernumerary</i> expense.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*nu"mer*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Supernumeraries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
person or thing beyond the number stated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing beyond what is necessary
or usual; especially, a person employed not for regular service, but
only to fill the place of another in case of need; specifically, in
theaters, a person who is not a regular actor, but is employed to
appear in a stage spectacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*oc*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Supraoccipital.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*or"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group intermediate in importance between an
order and a subclass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*or`di*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>ordination</i>: cf. L. <i>superordinatio</i>.]
<def>The ordination of a person to fill a station already occupied;
especially, the ordination by an ecclesiastical official, during his
lifetime, of his successor.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>See <u>Peroxide</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*par*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superparticularis</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Particular</u>.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a ratio when the excess of the
greater term over the less is a unit, as the ratio of 1 to 2, or of 3
to 4.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*par"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superpartiens</i>; <i>super</i> over + <i>partiens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>partire</i> to divide.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
ratio when the excess of the greater term over the less is more than a
unit, as that of 3 to 5, or 7 to 10.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*phos"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An acid phosphate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Superphosphate of lime</b></col> <i>(Com. Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
fertilizer obtained by trating bone dust, bone black, or phosphorite
with sulphuric acid, whereby the insoluble neutral calcium phosphate,
Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, is changed to the primary
or acid calcium phosphate Ca(H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>,
which is soluble and therefore available for the soil.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*phys"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Above or
beyond physics; not explainable by physical laws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Something <i>superphysical</i> and
superchemical.</blockquote> <i>J. Le Conte.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*plant`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plant
growing on another, as the mistletoe; an epiphyte.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*please"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To please
exceedingly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*plus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>super-</i>
+ L. <i>plus</i> more. See <u>Surplus</u>.] <def>Surplus.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*plus`age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Surplusage.</def> [Obs.] "There yet remained a
<i>superplusage</i>."  <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*pol"i*tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>More than
politic; above or exceeding policy.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1448 !></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*pon"der*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
wiegh over and above.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being superposed, as one figure upon another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superposing</u>.] [F. <i>superposer</i>. See <u>Super-
</u>, and <u>Pose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay upon, as one
kind of rock on another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>To lay (a figure) upon
another in such a manner that all the parts of the one coincide with
the parts of the other; as, to <i>superpose</i> one plane figure on
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>superposition</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Position</u>.]
<def>The act of superposing, or the state of being superposed; as, the
<i>superposition</i> of rocks; the <i>superposition</i> of one plane
figure on another, in geometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*praise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To praise
to excess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To vow, and swear, and <i>superpraise</i> my
parts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*pro*por"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Overplus or excess of proportion.</def>  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*pur*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Excessive purgation.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*re*flec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
reflection of a reflected image or sound.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*re"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>More than
regal; worthy of one greater than a king.</def>  <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*re*ward"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
reward to an excessive degree.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*roy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Larger than
royal; -- said of a particular size of printing and writing paper. See
the Note under <u>Paper</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sa"cral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated over, or on the dorsal side of, the sacrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sa"li*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of leaping on anything.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sa"li*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + L. <i>saliens</i> p. pr. of <i>salire</i> to leap.]
<def>Leaping upon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*salt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An acid salt. See <i>Acid salt</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under
<u>Salt</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sat"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To add
to beyond saturation; as, to <i>supersaturate</i> a
solution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sat`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
operation of supersaturating, or the state of being
supersaturated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*scribe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superscribed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superscribing</u>.] [L. <i>superscribere</i>,
<i>superscriptum</i>; <i>super</i> over + <i>scribere</i> to write.
See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Scribe</u>.] <def>To write or engrave (a
name, address, inscription, or the like) on the top or surface; to
write a name, address, or the like, on the outside or cover of
(anything); as, to <i>superscribe</i> a letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*script</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Superscription.</def> [Obs.] "I will overglance the
<i>superscript</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*scrip"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superscriptio</i>. See <u>Superscribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of superscribing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is written or engraved on the
surface, outside, or above something else; specifically, an address on
a letter, envelope, or the like.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>superscription</i> of his accusation was written
over, The King of the Jews.</blockquote> <i>Mark xv. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>That part of a prescription
which contains the Latin word <i>recipe</i> (Take) or the sign
&?;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sec"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
above the world, or secular things.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Superseded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Superseding</u>.] [L. <i>supersedere</i>,
<i>supersessum</i>, to sit above, be superior to, forbear, omit;
<i>super</i> above + <i>sedere</i> to sit: cf. F.
<i>supers&eacute;der</i>. See <u>Sit</u>, and cf. <u>Surcease</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come, or be placed, in the room of; to
replace.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To displace, or set aside, and put another
in place of; as, to <i>supersede</i> an officer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make void, inefficacious, or useless, by
superior power, or by coming in the place of; to set aside; to render
unnecessary; to suspend; to stay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing is supposed that can <i>supersede</i> the known
laws of natural motion.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Old Law)</i> <def>To omit; to
forbear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su`per*se"de*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., suspend,
set aside, stay, 2d pers. sing. present subjunctive of
<i>supersedere</i>. See <u>Supersede</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A writ of
command to suspend the powers of an officer in certain cases, or to
stay proceedings under another writ.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*per*se"dure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
superseding, or setting aside; supersession; as, the
<i>supersedure</i> of trial by jury.</def>  <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
sow, as seed, over something previously sown.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That can not be done with joy, when it shall be
indifferent to any man to <i>superseminate</i> what he
please.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sem`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
sowing of seed over seed previously sown.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Abp.
Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>sensible</i>: cf. F. <i>supersensible</i>.]
<def>Beyond the reach of the senses; above the natural powers of
perception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sen"si*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Excessively sensitive; morbidly sensitive.</def> --
<wf>Su`per*sen"si*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sen"su*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Supersensible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sen"su*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Supersensible.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessively sensuous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*serv"ice*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Overofficious; doing more than is required or desired.</def> "A
<i>superserviceable</i>, finical rogue."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ses"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>supersession</i>. See <u>Supersede</u>.] <def>The act of
superseding, or the state of being superseded; supersedure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The general law of diminishing return from land would
have undergone, to that extent, a temporary
<i>supersession</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*so"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Above the
sun.</def>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sphe*noid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above, or on the dorsal side of, the body
of the sphenoid bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*spi"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Supraspinuos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>superstition</i>, L. <i>superstitio</i>, originally, a standing
still over or by a thing; hence, amazement, wonder, dread, especially
of the divine or supernatural, fr. <i>superstare</i> to stand over;
<i>super</i> over + <i>stare</i> to stand. See <u>Super-</u>, and
<u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An excessive reverence for, or
fear of, that which is unknown or mysterious.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ignorant or irrational worship of the
Supreme Deity; excessive exactness or rigor in religious opinions or
practice; extreme and unnecessary scruples in the observance of
religious rites not commanded, or of points of minor importance; also,
a rite or practice proceeding from excess of sculptures in
religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the truth<BR>
With <i>superstitions</i> and traditions taint.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The worship of a false god or gods; false
religion; religious veneration for objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The accusers] had certain questions against him of
their own <i>superstition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxv. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Belief in the direct agency of superior
powers in certain extraordinary or singular events, or in magic,
omens, prognostics, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Excessive nicety; scrupulous
exactness.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fanaticism.  -- <u>Superstition</u>,
<u>Fanaticism</u>. <i>Superstition</i> springs from religious feeling
misdirected or unenlightened. <i>Fanaticism</i> arises from this same
feeling in a state of high-wrought and self-confident excitement. The
former leads in some cases to excessive rigor in religious opinions or
practice; in others, to unfounded belief in extraordinary events or in
charms, omens, and prognostics, hence producing weak fears, or
excessive scrupulosity as to outward observances. The latter gives
rise to an utter disregard of reason under the false assumption of
enjoying a guidance directly inspired. <i>Fanaticism</i> has a
secondary sense as applied to politics, etc., which corresponds to the
primary.</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sti"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
addicted to superstition.</def> [Obs.] "Blind
<i>superstitionists</i>."  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>superstitieux</i>, L. <i>superstitiosus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to superstition; proceeding from, or
manifesting, superstition; as, <i>superstitious</i> rites;
<i>superstitious</i> observances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Evincing superstition; overscrupulous and
rigid in religious observances; addicted to superstition; full of idle
fancies and scruples in regard to religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye men of Athens, I perceive that in all things ye are
too <i>superstitious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Overexact; scrupulous beyond
need.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Superstitious use</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the use of a
gift or bequest, as of land, etc., for the maintenance of the rites of
a religion not tolerated by the law.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Su`per*sti"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su`per*sti"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*strain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
overstrain.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*stra"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Superstrata</b></plw> (&?;). [NL.: cf. L.
<i>supersternere</i>, <i>superstratum</i>, to spread upon. See
<u>Super-</u>, and <u>Stratum</u>.] <def>A stratum, or layer, above
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*struct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superstructus</i>, p. p. of <i>superstruere</i> to build upon;
<i>super</i> over + <i>struere</i> to build. See <u>Super-</u>, and
<u>Structure</u>.] <def>To build over or upon another structure; to
erect upon a foundation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the only proper basis on which to
<i>superstruct</i> first innocency and then virtue.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*struc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of superstructing, or building
upon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is superstructed, or built upon
some foundation; an edifice; a superstructure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My own profession hath taught me not to erect new
<i>superstructions</i> upon an old ruin.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*struct"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Built or
erected on something else.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*struct"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
builds a superstructure.</def> [R.]  <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*struc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>superstructure</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any material structure
or edifice built on something else; that which is raised on a
foundation or basis</def>; esp. <i>(Arch.)</i>, <def>all that part of
a building above the basement. Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have added to your natural endowments the
<i>superstructure</i> of study.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Railway Engin.)</i> <def>The sleepers, and
fastenings, in distinction from the roadbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sub*stan"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>substantial</i>: cf. F. <i>supersubstantiel</i>.]
<def>More than substantial; spiritual.</def> "The heavenly
<i>supersubstantial</i> bread."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sub"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Too
subtle.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sul"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An acid sulphate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sul"phu*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Supersulphurized.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>-
sulphuretted</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*sul"phur*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To impregnate or combine with an excess of
sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*tem"po*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
which is more than temporal; that which is eternal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ter*ra"ne*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
above ground.</def> "<i>Superterranean</i> quarries."  <i>Mrs.
Trollope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ter*rene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>terrene</i>: cf. L. <i>superterrenus</i>.]
<def>Being above ground, or above the earth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ter*res"tri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being
above the earth, or above what belongs to the earth.</def>
<i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The note next above the keynote; the second of the scale.</def>
<i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*trag"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tragical
to excess.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*tu`ber*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>super-</i> + <i>tuber</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The production of
young tubers, as potatoes, from the old while still growing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*va*ca"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supervacaneus</i>, <i>supervacuus</i>; <i>super</i> over +
<i>vacuus</i> empty.] <def>Serving no purpose; superfluous;
needless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Supervened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Supervening</u>.] [L. <i>supervenire</i>,
<i>superventum</i>, to come over, to come upon; <i>super</i> over +
<i>venire</i> to come. See <u>Super-</u>, and <u>Come</u>, and cf.
<u>Overcome</u>.] <def>To come as something additional or extraneous;
to occur with reference or relation to something else; to happen upon
or after something else; to be added; to take place; to
happen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a mutual gravitation can never <i>supervene</i> to
matter unless impressed by divine power.</blockquote>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A tyrany immediately <i>supervened</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ven"ient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superveniens</i>, p. pr.] <def>Coming as something additional or
extraneous; coming afterwards.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That branch of belief was in him <i>supervenient</i> to
Christian practice.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Divorces can be granted, <i>a mensa et toro</i>, only
for <i>supervenient</i> causes.</blockquote> <i>Z. Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*ven"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>superventio</i>.] <def>The act of supervening.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vis"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Supervision.</def>  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Supervised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Supervising</u>.] [Pref. <i>super-</i> + L.
<i>visere</i> to look at attentively, to view, surely, intens. from
<i>videre</i>, <i>visum</i>, to see.  Cf. <u>Survise</u>, and
<u>Survey</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To oversee for direction; to
superintend; to inspect with authority; as, to <i>supervise</i> the
construction of a steam engine, or the printing of a book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To look over so as to read; to
peruse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Superintend</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vise"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Supervision;
inspection.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
overseeing; inspection; superintendence; oversight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vi"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Supervisory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vis"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who supervises; an overseer; an inspector; a superintendent;
as, a <i>supervisor</i> of schools.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spectator; a looker-on.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vi"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to supervision; as, <i>supervisory</i> powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supervivere</i>. See <u>Survive</u>.] <def>To survive; to
outlive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`per*vo*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supervolutus</i>, p. p. of <i>supervolvere</i> to roll over;
<i>super</i> over + <i>volvere</i> to roll.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
a plainted and convolute arrangement in the bud, as in the morning-
glory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supinare</i>, <i>supinatum</i>, to bend or lay backward, fr.
<i>supinus</i> supine: cf. F. <i>supination</i>. See <u>Supine</u>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of turning the hand
palm upward; also, position of the hand with the palm upward.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act or state of lying with the face
upward. Opposed to <i>pronation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pi*na"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle which produces the motion of
supination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*pine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>supinus</i>,
akin to <i>sub</i> under, <i>super</i> above.  Cf. <u>Sub-</u>,
<u>Super-</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lying on the back, or with the
face upward; -- opposed to <i>prone</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Leaning backward, or inclining with
exposure to the sun; sloping; inclined.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the vine<BR>
On rising ground be placed, or hills <i>supine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Negligent; heedless; indolent;
listless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He became pusillanimous and <i>supine</i>, and openly
exposed to any temptation.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Negligent; heedless; indolent; thoughtless;
inattentive; listless; careless; drowsy.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Su*pine"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Su*pine"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Su"pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>supinum</i> (sc.
<i>verbum</i>), from <i>supinus</i> bent or thrown backward, perhaps
so called because, although furnished with substantive case endings,
it rests or falls back, as it were, on the verb: cf. F. <i>supin</i>.]
<i>(Lat. Gram.)</i> <def>A verbal noun; or (according to C.F.Becker),
a case of the infinitive mood ending in <i>-um</i> and <i>-u</i>, that
in <i>-um</i> being sometimes called the <i>former supine</i>, and
that in <i>-u</i> the <i>latter supine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*pin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supinitas</i>.] <def>Supineness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"page</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Sup</u>.]
<def>What may be supped; pottage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup`pal*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suppalpari</i> to caress a little; <i>sub</i> under, a little +
<i>palpare</i> to caress.] <def>The act of enticing by soft words;
enticement.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sup*par`a*si*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Supparasite</u>.] <def>The act of flattering to gain favor; servile
approbation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*par"a*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supparasitari</i>; <i>sub</i> under, a little + <i>parasitus</i> a
parasite.] <def>To flatter; to cajole; to act the parasite.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. R. Clerke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pawn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Supawn</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup`pe*da"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-
</i> + L. <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a foot: cf. L. <i>suppedaneum</i>
a footstool.] <def>Being under the feet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*ped"i*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suppeditatus</i>, p. p. of <i>suppeditare</i> to supply.] <def>To
supply; to furnish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*ped`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suppeditatio</i>.] <def>Supply; aid afforded.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>soper</i>,
<i>super</i>, OF. <i>super</i>, <i>soper</i>, F. <i>souper</i>;
originally an infinitive, to sup, take a meal. See <u>Soup</u>, and
cf. <u>Sup</u> to take supper.] <def>A meal taken at the close of the
day; the evening meal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Supper</i> is much used in an obvious sense, either
adjectively or as the first part of a compound; as, <i>supper</i> time
or <i>supper</i>-time, <i>supper</i> bell, <i>supper</i> hour,
etc.</p>

<p><hw>Sup"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take supper; to
sup.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sup"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply with
supper.</def> [R.] "Kester was <i>suppering</i> the horses."  <i>Mrs.
Gaskell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"per*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no supper;
deprived of supper; as, to go <i>supperless</i> to bed.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who sups; the act of taking supper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is supped; broth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*place"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
replace.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Bascom.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*plant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Supplanted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Supplanting</u>.] [F. <i>supplanter</i>, L. <i>supplantare</i> to
trip up one's heels, to throw down; <i>sub</i> under + <i>planta</i>
the sole of the foot, also, a sucker, slip, sprout.  Cf. <u>Plant</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To trip up.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Supplanted</i>, down he fell."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove or displace by stratagem; to
displace and take the place of; to supersede; as, a rival
<i>supplants</i> another in the favor of a mistress or a
prince.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Suspecting that the courtier had <i>supplanted</i> the
friend.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To overthrow, undermine, or force away, in
order to get a substitute in place of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You never will <i>supplant</i> the received ideas of
God.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To remove; displace; overpower; undermine;
overthrow; supersede.</p>

<p><! p. 1449 !></p>

<p><hw>Sup`plan*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>supplantation</i>, L. <i>supplantatio</i> hypocritical deceit.]
<def>The act of supplanting or displacing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Habitual <i>supplantation</i> of immediate
selfishness.</blockquote> <i>Cloeridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*plan"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
supplants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>souple</i>, F.
<i>souple</i>, from L. <i>supplex</i> suppliant, perhaps originally,
being the knees.  Cf. <u>Supplicate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pliant; flexible; easily bent; as, <i>supple</i> joints;
<i>supple</i> fingers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Yielding compliant; not obstinate;
submissive to guidance; as, a <i>supple</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If punishment . . . makes not the will <i>supple</i>,
it hardens the offender.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bending to the humor of others; flattering;
fawning; obsequious.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pliant; flexible; yielding; compliant; bending;
flattering; fawning; soft.</p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suppled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suppling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make soft and pliant;
to render flexible; as, to <i>supple</i> leather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flesh therewith she <i>suppled</i> and did
steep.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make compliant, submissive, or
obedient.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mother persisting till she had bent her daughter's
mind and <i>suppled</i> her will.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They should <i>supple</i> our stiff
willfulness.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become soft and
pliant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stones . . . <BR>
<i>Suppled</i> into softness as they fell.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple-chapped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
limber tongue.</def> [R.] "A <i>supple-chapped</i> flatterer."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple-jack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A climbing shrub (<i>Berchemia volubilus</i>)
of the Southern United States, having a tough and pliable stem.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A somewhat similar tropical American plant
(<i>Paullinia Curassavica</i>); also, a walking stick made from its
stem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was in form and spirit like a <i>supple-jack</i>, .
. . yielding, but tough; though he bent, he never broke.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This name is given to various plants of similar habit in
different British colonies.</p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a supple
manner; softly; pliantly; mildly.</def>  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>suppl&eacute;ment</i>, L. <i>supplementum</i>, fr. <i>supplere</i>
to fill up. See <u>Supply</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which supplies a deficiency, or meets a
want; a store; a supply.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which fills up, completes, or makes an
addition to, something already organized, arranged, or set apart;
specifically, a part added to, or issued as a continuation of, a book
or paper, to make good its deficiencies or correct its
errors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Trig.)</i> <def>The number of degrees which,
if added to a specified arc, make it 180&deg;; the quantity by which
an arc or an angle falls short of 180 degrees, or an arc falls short
of a semicircle.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Appendix.  -- <u>Appendix</u>, <u>Supplement</u>. An
<i>appendix</i> is that which is appended to something, but is not
essential to its completeness; a <i>supplement</i> is that which
supplements, or serves to complete or make perfect, that to which it
is added.</p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Supplemented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Supplementing</u>.] <def>To fill up or supply by addition; to add
something to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Causes of one kind must be <i>supplemented</i> by
bringing to bear upon them a causation of another kind.</blockquote>
<i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sup`ple*men"tal</hw> (?), <hw>Sup`ple*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>suppl&eacute;mentaire</i>.] <def>Added
to supply what is wanted; additional; being, or serving as, a
supplement; as, a <i>supplemental</i> law; a <i>supplementary</i>
sheet or volume.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Supplemental air</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the air
which in addition to the residual air remains in the lungs after
ordinary expiration, but which, unlike the residual air, can be
expelled; reserve air.</cd> -- <col><b>Supplemental bill</b></col>
<i>(Equity)</i>, <cd>a bill filed in aid of an original bill to supply
some deffect in the latter, or to set forth new facts which can not be
done by amendment.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> <i>Daniel.</i> --
<col><b>Supplementary chords</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>in an
ellipse or hyperbola, any two chords drawn through the extremities of
a diameter, and intersecting on the curve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sup`ple*men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of supplementing.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being supple; flexibility; pliableness; pliancy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sup"ple*tive</hw> (?), <hw>Sup"ple*to*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>suppl&eacute;tif</i>, LL.
<i>suppletivus</i>, from L. <i>supplere</i>, <i>suppletum</i>, to fill
up. See <u>Supply</u>.] <def>Supplying deficiencies; supplementary;
as, a <i>suppletory</i> oath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"ple*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Suppletories</b></plw> (&?;). <def>That which is to supply
what is wanted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Invent <i>suppletories</i> to excuse an evil
man.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pli"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
supplying; a supply.</def> "The <i>supplial</i> of a preposition."
<i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pli"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Supply</u>.] <def>That which supplies a want; assistance; a
gratification; satisfaction.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The perfume and <i>suppliance</i> of a
minute.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pli"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Suppliant</u>.] <def>Supplication; entreaty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Greece her knee in <i>suppliance</i>
bent.</blockquote> <i>Halleck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. pr. of
<i>supplier</i> to entreat, L. <i>supplicare</i>. See
<u>Supplicate</u>, and cf. <u>Supplicant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Asking earnestly and submissively; entreating; beseeching;
supplicating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rich grow <i>suppliant</i>, and the poor grow
proud.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manifesting entreaty; expressive of
supplication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To bow and sue for grace<BR>
With <i>suppliant</i> knee.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Entreating; beseeching; suing; begging;
supplicating; imploring.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sup"pli*ant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sup"pli*ant*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
supplicates; a humble petitioner; one who entreats
submissively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hear thy <i>suppliant's</i> prayer.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*can*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Supplication.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supplicans</i>, p. pr. See <u>Supplicate</u>, and cf.
<u>Suppliant</u>.] <def>Entreating; asking submissively.</def>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <wf>Sup"pli*cant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*cant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
supplicates; a suppliant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wise <i>supplicant</i> . . . left the event to
God.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sup"pli*cat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., he
supplicates.] <i>(Eng. Universities)</i> <def>A petition; esp., a
written one, with a certificate that the conditions have been complied
with.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Supplicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Supplicating</u>.] [L. <i>supplicatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>supplicare</i> to supplicate; of uncertain origin, cf.
<i>supplex</i>, <i>supplicis</i>, humbly begging or entreating;
perhaps fr. <i>sub</i> under + a word akin to <i>placare</i> to
reconcile, appease (cf. <u>Placable</u>), or fr. <i>sub</i> under +
<i>plicare</i> to fold, whence the idea of bending the knees (cf.
<u>Ply</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>).  Cf. <u>Supple</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To entreat for; to seek by earnest prayer; to
ask for earnestly and humbly; as, to <i>supplicate</i> blessings on
Christian efforts to spread the gospel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To address in prayer; to entreat as a
supplicant; as, to <i>supplicate</i> the Deity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To beseech; entreat; beg; petition; implore;
importune; solicit; crave. See <u>Beseech</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
petition with earnestness and submission; to implore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man can not brook to <i>supplicate</i> or
beg.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*ca`ting*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
supplicating manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup`pli*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>supplication</i>, L.  <i>supplicatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of supplicating; humble and earnest prayer, as in
worship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A humble petition; an earnest request; an
entreaty.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A religious solemnity
observed in consequence of some military success, and also, in times
of distress and danger, to avert the anger of the gods.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Entreaty; petition; solicitation; craving.</p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
supplicates; a supplicant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pli*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>supplicatoire</i>.] <def>Containing supplication; humble;
earnest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pli"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
supplies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*ply"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Supplied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Supplying</u> (?).] [For older <i>supploy</i>, F.
<i>suppl&eacute;er</i>, OF. also <i>supployer</i>, (assumed) LL.
<i>suppletare</i>, from L. <i>supplere</i>, <i>suppletum</i>;
<i>sub</i> under + <i>plere</i> to fill, akin to <i>plenus</i> full.
See <u>Plenty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fill up, or keep full;
to furnish with what is wanted; to afford, or furnish with, a
sufficiency; as, rivers are <i>supplied</i> by smaller streams; an
aqueduct <i>supplies</i> an artificial lake; -- often followed by
<i>with</i> before the thing furnished; as, to <i>supply</i> a furnace
with fuel; to <i>supply</i> soldiers with ammunition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To serve instead of; to take the place
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Burning ships the banished sun
<i>supply</i>.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun was set, and Vesper, to <i>supply</i><BR>
His absent beams, had lighted up the sky.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fill temporarily; to serve as substitute
for another in, as a vacant place or office; to occupy; to have
possession of; as, to <i>supply</i> a pulpit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give; to bring or furnish; to provide;
as, to <i>supply</i> money for the war.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To furnish; provide; administer; minister;
contribute; yield; accommodate.</p>

<p><hw>Sup*ply"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Supplies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
supplying; supplial.</def>  <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which supplies a want; sufficiency of
things for use or want.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Auxiliary troops or
re&euml;nforcements.</def> "My promised <i>supply</i> of horsemen."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The food, and the like, which meets the
daily necessities of an army or other large body of men; store; --
used chiefly in the plural; as, the army was discontented for lack of
<i>supplies</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An amount of money provided, as by
Parliament or Congress, to meet the annual national expenditures;
generally in the plural; as, to vote <i>supplies</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A person who fills a place for a time; one
who supplies the place of another; a substitute; esp., a clergyman who
supplies a vacant pulpit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Stated supply</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>a clergyman
employed to supply a pulpit for a definite time, but not settled as a
pastor.</cd> [U.S.] -- <col><b>Supply and demand</b></col>. <i>(Polit.
Econ.)</i> <cd>"<i>Demand</i> means the quantity of a given article
which would be taken at a given price. <i>Supply</i> means the
quantity of that article which could be had at that price." <i>F. A.
Walker.</i></cd></p>

<p><hw>Sup*ply"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to contain,
deliver, or regulate a supply of anything; as, a <i>supply</i> tank or
valve.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Supply system</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the system
of tubes and canals in sponges by means of which food and water are
absorbed. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Spongi&aelig;</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sup*ply"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supplying or
aiding; auxiliary; suppletory.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*ply"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A supplying or
furnishing; supply.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Supported</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Supporting</u>.] [F. <i>supporter</i>, L. <i>supportare</i> to
carry on, to convey, in LL., to support, sustain; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>portare</i> to carry. See <u>Port</u> demeanor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bear by being under; to keep from falling; to uphold; to
sustain, in a literal or physical sense; to prop up; to bear the
weight of; as, a pillar <i>supports</i> a structure; an abutment
<i>supports</i> an arch; the trunk of a tree <i>supports</i> the
branches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To endure without being overcome,
exhausted, or changed in character; to sustain; as, to <i>support</i>
pain, distress, or misfortunes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This fierce demeanor and his insolence<BR>
The patience of a god could not <i>support</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To keep from failing or sinking; to solace
under affictive circumstances; to assist; to encourage; to defend; as,
to <i>support</i> the courage or spirits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To assume and carry successfully, as the
part of an actor; to represent or act; to sustain; as, to
<i>support</i> the character of King Lear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with the means of sustenance or
livelihood; to maintain; to provide for; as, to <i>support</i> a
family; to <i>support</i> the ministers of the gospel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To carry on; to enable to continue; to
maintain; as, to <i>support</i> a war or a contest; to <i>support</i>
an argument or a debate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To verify; to make good; to substantiate;
to establish; to sustain; as, the testimony is not sufficient to
<i>support</i> the charges; the evidence will not <i>support</i> the
statements or allegations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To urge such arguments, as though they were sufficient
to <i>support</i> and demonstrate a whole scheme of moral
philosophy.</blockquote> <i>J. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To vindicate; to maintain; to defend
successfully; as, to be able to <i>support</i> one's own
cause.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To uphold by aid or countenance; to aid; to
help; to back up; as, to <i>support</i> a friend or a party; to
<i>support</i> the present administration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore, bold pleasant,<BR>
Darest thou <i>support</i> a published traitor?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A attend as an honorary assistant; as, a
chairman <i>supported</i> by a vice chairman; O'Connell left the
prison, <i>supported</i> by his two sons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Support arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a command in the
manual of arms in responce to which the piece is held vertically at
the shoulder, with the hammer resting on the left forearm, which is
passed horizontally across the body in front; also, the position
assumed in response to this command.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To maintain; endure; verify; substantiate;
countenance; patronize; help; back; second; succor; relieve; uphold;
encourage; favor; nurture; nourish; cherish; shield; defend; protect;
stay; assist; forward.</p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act, state, or operation of supporting,
upholding, or sustaining.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which upholds, sustains, or keeps from
falling, as a prop, a pillar, or a foundation of any kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which maintains or preserves from
being overcome, falling, yielding, sinking, giving way, or the like;
subsistence; maintenance; assistance; re&euml;nforcement; as, he gave
his family a good <i>support</i>, the <i>support</i> of national
credit; the assaulting column had the <i>support</i> of a
battery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Points of support</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the
horizontal area of the solids of a building, walls, piers, and the
like, as compared with the open or vacant spaces.</cd> --
<col><b>Right of support</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an easement or
servitude by which the owner of a house has a right to rest his timber
on the walls of his neighbor's house.</cd> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stay; prop; maintenance; subsistence; assistance;
favor; countenance; encouragement; patronage; aid; help; succor;
nutriment; sustenance; food.</p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>supportable</i>.] <def>Capable of being supported, maintained, or
endured; endurable.</def> -- <wf>Sup*port"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Sup*port"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Support.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup`por*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Maintenance; support.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, supports; as, oxygen is a
<i>supporter</i> of life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sockets and <i>supporters</i> of flowers are
figured.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The saints have a . . . <i>supporter</i> in all their
miseries.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, an adherent; one who sustains,
advocates, and defends; as, the <i>supporter</i> of a party, faction,
or candidate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A knee placed under
the cathead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A figure, sometimes of a man,
but commonly of some animal, placed on either side of an escutcheon,
and exterior to it. Usually, both supporters of an escutcheon are
similar figures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A broad band or truss for
supporting the abdomen or some other part or organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
support.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
support.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Support.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*port"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
supporter.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You are my gracious patroness and
<i>supportress</i>.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being supposed, or imagined to exist; as, that is not a
<i>supposable</i> case.</def> -- <wf>Sup*pos"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Sup*pos"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
supposing; also, that which is supposed; supposition; opinion.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Interest, with a Jew, never proceeds but upon
<i>supposal</i>, at least, of a firm and sufficient
bottom.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Supposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Supposing</u>.] [F. <i>supposer</i>; pref. <i>sub-</i> under +
<i>poser</i> to place; -- corresponding in meaning to L.
<i>supponere</i>, <i>suppositum</i>, to put under, to substitute,
falsify, counterfeit. See <u>Pose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
represent to one's self, or state to another, not as true or real, but
as if so, and with a view to some consequence or application which the
reality would involve or admit of; to imagine or admit to exist, for
the sake of argument or illustration; to assume to be true; as, let us
<i>suppose</i> the earth to be the center of the system, what would be
the result?</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Suppose</i> they take offence without a
cause.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When we have as great assurance that a thing is, as we
could possibly, <i>supposing</i> it were, we ought not to make any
doubt of its existence.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To imagine; to believe; to receive as
true.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How easy is a bush <i>supposed</i> a bear!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not my lord <i>suppose</i> that they have slain all
the young men, the king's sons; for Amnon only is dead.</blockquote>
<i>2 Sam. xiii. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To require to exist or to be true; to imply
by the laws of thought or of nature; as, purpose <i>supposes</i>
foresight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One falsehood always <i>supposes</i> another, and
renders all you can say suspected.</blockquote> <i>Female
Quixote.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put by fraud in the place of
another.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To imagine; believe; conclude; judge; consider;
view; regard; conjecture; assume.</p>

<p><! p. 1450 !></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make
supposition; to think; to be of opinion.</def>  <i>Acts ii.
15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pose"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Supposition.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> "A base <i>suppose</i> that he is honest."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pose"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
supposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>supposition</i>, L. <i>suppositio</i> a placing under, a
substitution, fr. <i>supponere</i>, <i>suppositium</i>, to put under,
to substitute. The word has the meaning corresponding to
<i>suppose</i>. See <u>Sub-</u>, and <u>Position</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of supposing, laying down, imagining,
or considering as true or existing, what is known not to be true, or
what is not proved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is supposed; hypothesis;
conjecture; surmise; opinion or belief without sufficient
evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is only an infallibility upon <i>supposition</i>
that if a thing be true, it is imposible to be false.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He means are in <i>supposition</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup`po*si"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resting
on supposition; hypothetical; conjectural; supposed.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos`i*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suppositicus</i>. See <u>Supposition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fraudulently substituted for something else; not being what is
purports to be; not genuine; spurious; counterfeit; as, a
<i>supposititious</i> child; a <i>supposititious</i> writing.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suppositional; hypothetical.</def> [R.]
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sup*pos`i*ti"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sup*pos`i*ti"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>suppositif</i>.] <def>Including or implying supposition, or
hypothesis; supposed.</def> -- <wf>Sup*pos"i*tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word denoting
or implying supposition, as the words <i>if</i>, <i>granting</i>,
<i>provided</i>, etc.</def>  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An apparatus for the introduction of suppositories into the
rectum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pos"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Suppositories</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>suppositorium</i>, fr. L.
<i>suppositorius</i> that is placed underneath: cf. F.
<i>suppositoire</i>. See <u>Supposition</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
pill or bolus for introduction into the rectum; esp., a cylinder or
cone of medicated cacao butter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*po"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Supposition;
hypothesis; conjecture.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup*press"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suppressed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suppressing</u>.] [L. <i>suppressus</i>, p. p. of <i>supprimere</i>
to suppress; <i>sub</i> under + <i>premere</i>, <i>pressum</i>, to
press. See <u>Sub-</u>, and <u>Press</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
overpower and crush; to subdue; to put down; to quell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every rebellion, when it is <i>suppressed</i>, doth
make the subject weaker, and the prince stronger.</blockquote> <i>Sir
J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep in; to restrain from utterance or
vent; as, to <i>suppress</i> the voice; to <i>suppress</i> a
smile.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To retain without disclosure; to conceal;
not to reveal; to prevent publication of; as, to <i>suppress</i>
evidence; to <i>suppress</i> a pamphlet; to <i>suppress</i> the
truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>suppresses</i> the name, and this keeps him in a
pleasing suspense.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To stop; to restrain; to arrest the
discharges of; as, to <i>suppress</i> a diarrhea, or a
hemorrhage.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To repress; restrain; put down; overthrow;
overpower; overwhelm; conceal; stifle; stop; smother.</p>

<p><hw>Sup*press"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
suppressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*pres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suppressio</i>: cf. F. <i>suppression</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of suppressing, or the state of being suppressed;
repression; as, the <i>suppression</i> of a riot, insurrection, or
tumult; the <i>suppression</i> of truth, of reports, of evidence, and
the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Complete stoppage of a
natural secretion or excretion; as, <i>suppression</i> of urine; --
used in contradiction to <i>retention</i>, which signifies that the
secretion or excretion is retained without expulsion.</def>
<i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Omission; as, the
<i>suppression</i> of a word.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Overthrow; destruction; concealment; repression;
detention; retention; obstruction.</p>

<p><hw>Sup*press"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
suppress; subduing; concealing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*press"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., hider.]
<def>One who suppresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup*prise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
surprise.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pu*rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
suppurative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Suppurated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Suppurating</u>.] [L. <i>suppuratus</i>, p. p. of
<i>suppurare</i> to suppurate, cause to suppurate; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>pus</i>, <i>puris</i>, matter. See <u>Pus</u>.] <def>To generate
pus; as, a boil or abscess <i>suppurates</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pu*rate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
generate pus; as, to <i>suppurate</i> a sore.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sup`pu*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suppuratio</i>: cf. F. <i>suppuration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of suppurating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The matter produced by suppuration;
pus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pu*ra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>suppuratif</i>.] <def>Tending to suppurate; promoting
suppuration.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Suppurative fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>py&aelig;mia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pu*ra*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
suppurative medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sup"pu*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supputatus</i>, p. p. of <i>supputare</i>. See <u>Suppute</u>.]
<def>To suppute.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sup`pu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>supputatio</i>: cf. F. <i>supputation</i>.] <def>Reckoning;
account.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sup*pute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>supputer</i>, or L. <i>supputare</i>; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>putare</i> to reckon.] <def>To reckon; to compute; to suppose; to
impute.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"pra</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L.; akin to
<i>super</i>. See <u>Super-</u>.] <def>Over; above; before; also,
beyond; besides; -- much used as a prefix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra-a*cro"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above the acromial process of the
scapula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra-an"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>See <u>Surangular</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra-au*ric"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated above the ear coverts, or
auriculars; -- said of certain feathers of birds.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A supra-auricular feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"pra-ax"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Growing above the axil; inserted above the axil, as a peduncle.
See <u>Suprafoliaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*bran"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated above the branchi&aelig;; -- applied
especially to the upper division of the gill cavity of bivalve
mollusks.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*cho"roid</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*cho*roid"al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above the choroid; -
- applied to the layer of the choroid coat of the eyeball next to the
sclerotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*cil"i*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Superciliary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*clav"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A bone which usually connects the clavicle with the post-temporal
in the pectorial arch of fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*cla*vic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated above the
clavicle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the
supraclavicle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*con"dy*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*con"dy*loid</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above a condyle or
condyles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*cos"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above, or on the outside of, the ribs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*cra"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above, or in the roof of, the cranium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*cre*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Lying above the chalk; Supercretaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*de*com"pound</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>More than decompound; divided many times.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra-e*soph"a*gal</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra-e`so*phag"e*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated
above, or on the dorsal side of, the esophagus; as, the <i>supra-
esophageal</i> ganglion of Crustacea.</def> [Written also <i>supra-
&oelig;sophagal</i>, and <i>supra-&oelig;sophageal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`pra-eth"moid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Above, or on the dorsal side of, the ethmoid bone or
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*fo`li*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Inserted into the stem above the leaf, petiole, or
axil, as a peduncle or flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*glot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above the glottis; -- applied to that part of the cavity
of the larynx above the true vocal cords.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*he*pat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated over, or on the dorsal side of, the liver; -- applied to
the branches of the hepatic veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Hyomental.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra-il"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The cartilaginous cap at the sacral end of the ilium of some
animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*lap*sa"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Supra-
</i> + <i>lapse</i>: cf. F. <i>supralapsaire</i>.] <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of that class of Calvinists who believed that
God's decree of election determined that man should fall, in order
that the opportunity might be furnished of securing the redemption of
a part of the race, the decree of salvation being conceived of as
formed <i>before</i> or <i>beyond</i>, and not <i>after</i> or
<i>following</i>, the lapse, or fall.  Cf.
<u>Infralapsarian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*lap*sa"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Supralapsarians, or their doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*lap*sa"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine, belief, or principles of the Supralapsarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*lap"sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Supralapsarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*lap"sa*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Supralapsarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*lo"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated above the lores; as, the
<i>supraloral</i> feathers of a bird.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A supraloral feather.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*lu"nar</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*lu"na*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beyond the moon; hence, very
lofty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*max"il*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Supramaxill&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
upper jaw or maxilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated over the lower jaw;
as, the <i>supramaxillary</i> nerve.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of
or pertaining to the upper jaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*mun"dane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being or
situated above the world or above our system; celestial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*nat"u*ral*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state of being supernatural; belief in supernatural agency or
revelation; supernaturalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*nat"u*ral*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
supernaturalist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*nat"u*ral*ist</hw> (?),
<hw>Su`pra*nat`u*ral*is"tic</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to supernaturalism; supernaturalistic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*oc*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated over, or in the upper part of, the
occiput; of or pertaining to the supraoccipital bone.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The supraoccipital bone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Supraoccipital bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone on
the dorsal side of the great foramen of the skull, usually forming a
part of the occipital in the adult, but distinct in the
young.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*oc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Above the eyes; -- said of certain scales of
fishes and reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra-&oelig;*soph"a*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Supra-esophagal</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*or"bit*al</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*or"bit*ar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above the orbit of
the eye.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Supraorbital point</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the middle
point of the supraorbital line, which is a line drawn across the
narrowest part of the forehead, separating the face from the cranium;
the ophryon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su*prap"e*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Situated above the foot of a mollusk; as, the
<i>suprapedal</i> gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*pro"test</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mercantile
Law)</i> <def>An acceptance of a bill by a third person after protest
for nonacceptance by the drawee.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*pu"bi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*pu"bic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above, or anterior
to, the pubic bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*re"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above, or anterior to, the kidneys.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A suprarenal capsule.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Suprarenal capsules</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>two small
bodies of unknown function in front of, or near, the kidneys in most
vertebrates. Also called <i>renal capsules</i>, and <i>suprarenal
bodies</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*scalp"u*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*scalp"u*la*ry</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above, or on
the anterior side of, the scapula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*sphe*noid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above the sphenoidal bone; as, the
<i>suprasphenoidal</i> appendage, or pituitary body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*spi"nal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Situated above the vertebral column.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Situated above a spine or spines;
supraspinate; supraspinous.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Su`pra*spi"nate</hw> (?), <hw>Su`pra*spi"nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated above a spine or
spines; especially, situated above, or on the dorsal side of, the
neural spines of the vertebral column, or above, or in front of, the
spine of the scapula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*sta*pe"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, that part of
the columella of the ear which projects above the connection with the
stapes, as in many animals.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
suprastapedial part of the columella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*ster"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above, or anterior to, the sternum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*tem"po*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above the temporal bone or temporal fossa.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A supratemporal bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*troch"le*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated over or above a trochlea or trochlear
surface; -- applied esp. to one of the subdivisions of the trigeminal
nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*vag"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Situated above or outside a sheath or vaginal membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Supervision.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*vis"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
supervisor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`pra*vul"gar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being above
the vulgar or common people.</def> [R.]  <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*prem"a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>supr&eacute;matie</i>. See <u>Supreme</u>.] <def>The state of being
supreme, or in the highest station of power; highest or supreme
authority or power; as, the <i>supremacy</i> of a king or a
parliament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The usurped power of the pope being destroyed, the
crown was restored to its <i>supremacy</i> over spiritual men and
causes.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Oath supremacy</b></col>, <cd>an oath which acknowledges
the supremacy of the sovereign in spiritual affairs, and renounced or
abjures the supremacy of the pope in ecclesiastical or temporal
affairs.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*preme"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>supremus</i>,
superlative of <i>superus</i> that is above, upper, fr. <i>super</i>
above: cf. F. <i>supr&ecirc;me</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and cf.
<u>Sum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Highest in authority; holding the
highest place in authority, government, or power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is the <i>supreme</i> King of
kings.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Highest; greatest; most excellent or most
extreme; utmost; greatist possible (sometimes in a bad sense); as,
<i>supreme</i> love; <i>supreme</i> glory; <i>supreme</i> magnanimity;
<i>supreme</i> folly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each would be <i>supreme</i> within its own sphere, and
those spheres could not but clash.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Situated at the highest part
or point.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Supreme</b></col>, <cd>the Almighty; God.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su*preme"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a supreme
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*prem"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>supremitas</i>.] <def>Supremacy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur-</hw>. [F. <i>sur</i> over, above, contr. fr. L.
<i>super</i>, <i>supra</i>. See <u>Super-</u>.] <def>A prefix
signifying <i>over</i>, <i>above</i>, <i>beyond</i>,
<i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar., a step, a degree.]
<def>One of the sections or chapters of the Koran, which are one
hundred and fourteen in number.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`ra*dan"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A valuable
kind of wood obtained on the shores of the Demerara River in South
America, much used for timbers, rails, naves and fellies of wheels,
and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur`ad*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Something added or appended, as to a name.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"rah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soft twilled silk
fabric much used for women's dresses; -- called also <i>surah
silk</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sura</i> the calf
of the leg: cf. F. <i>sural</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the calf of the leg; as, the <i>sural</i> arteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Assurance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*an"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur-</i>
+ <i>angular</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Above the angular bone; supra-
angular; -- applied to a bone of the lower jaw in many reptiles and
birds.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The surangular
bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"base`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur-</i> +
<i>base</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A cornice, or
series of moldings, on the top of the base of a pedestal, podium, etc.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Column</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A board or group of moldings running round
a room on a level with the tops of the chair backs.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"based`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having a surbase, or molding above the
base.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> [F. <i>surbaiss&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Having the vertical height from springing line to crown less than
the half span; -- said of an arch; as, a segmental arch is
<i>surbased</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*bate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surbated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surbating</u>.] [F. <i>solbatu</i>, p. p., bruised (said of a
horse's foot); <i>sole</i> a sole (of a horse's foot) + <i>battu</i>,
p. p. of <i>battre</i> to beat.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make sore
or bruise, as the feet by travel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lest they their fins should bruise, and <i>surbate</i>
sore<BR>
Their tender feet upon the stony ground.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Chalky land <i>surbates</i> and spoils oxen's
feet.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To harass; to fatigue.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1451 !></p>

<p><hw>Sur*beat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Surbate</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*bed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surbedded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surbedding</u>.] [Pref. <i>sur-</i> + <i>bed</i>.] <def>To set
edgewise, as a stone; that is, to set it in a position different from
that which it had in the quarry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It . . . has something of a grain parallel with the
horizon, and therefore should not be <i>surbedded</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gilbert White.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*bet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Surbate</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*bet"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Surbated;
bruised.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*cease"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sursis</i>,
from <i>sursis</i>, p. p. of <i>surseoir</i> to suspend, postpone,
defer, in OF., to delay, refrain from, forbear, L. <i>supersedere</i>.
<i>Surcease</i> is not connected with E. <i>cease</i>. See
<u>Supersede</u>.] <def>Cessation; stop; end.</def> "Not desire, but
its <i>surcease</i>."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is time that there were an end and <i>surcease</i>
made of this immodest and deformed manner of writing.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*cease"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
cease; to end.</def> [Obs.] "The waves . . . their range
<i>surceast</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The nations, overawed, <i>surceased</i> the
fight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*cease"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cease.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*cease"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Cessation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*charge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Surcharged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Surcharging</u> (?).] [F. <i>surcharger</i>. See
<u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Charge</u>, and cf. <u>Overcharge</u>,
<u>Supercharge</u>, <u>Supercargo</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
overload; to overburden; to overmatch; to overcharge; as, to
<i>surcharge</i> a beast or a ship; to <i>surcharge</i> a
cannon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Four charged two, and two <i>surcharged</i>
one.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your head reclined, as hiding grief from view,<BR>
Droops like a rose <i>surcharged</i> with morning dew.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
overstock; especially, to put more cattle into, as a common, than the
person has a right to do, or more than the herbage will sustain.
<i>Blackstone</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Equity)</i> <def>To
show an omission in (an account) for which credit ought to have been
given.</def>  <i>Story. Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*charge"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An overcharge; an excessive load or burden; a load greater than
can well be borne.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A numerous nobility causeth poverty and inconvenience
in a state, for it is <i>surcharge</i> of expense.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
putting, by a commoner, of more beasts on the common than he has a
right to.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Equity)</i> <def>The showing
an omission, as in an account, for which credit ought to have been
given.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*charge"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
surcharging; also, surcharge, surplus.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*char"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
surcharges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"cin`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>sursengle</i>, OF. <i>sursangle</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and
<u>Cingle</u>, <u>Shingles</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A belt, band,
or girth which passes over a saddle, or over anything laid on a
horse's back, to bind it fast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The girdle of a cassock, by
which it is fastened round the waist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"cin`gled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bound with the
surcingle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>surculus</i>.]
<def>A little shoot; a twig; a sucker.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"cloy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surcloyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surcloying</u>.] <def>To surfeit.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur"coat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>surcote</i>,
OF. <i>surcote</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Coat</u>, and cf.
<u>Overcoat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A coat worn over the other
garments; especially, the long and flowing garment of knights, worn
over the armor, and frequently emblazoned with the arms of the
wearer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A long <i>surcoat</i> of pers upon he
had..</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At night, or in the rain,<BR>
He dons a <i>surcoat</i> which he doffs at morn.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A name given to the outer garment of either
sex at different epochs of the Middle Ages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"crew`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From F.
<i>surcro&icirc;t</i> increase, or <i>surcr&ucirc;</i>, p. p. of
<i>surcro&icirc;tre</i> to overgrow.] <def>Increase; addition;
surplus.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>surculatus</i>, p. p. of <i>surculare</i> to purne, from
<i>surculus</i> a shoot, sprout. See <u>Surcle</u>.] <def>To purne; to
trim.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur`cu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
purning.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur"cu*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [CF. L.
<i>sucrulosus</i> woody. See <u>Surcle</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Producing suckers, or shoots resembling suckers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surd</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>surdus</i> deaf
(whence the meaning, deaf to reason, irrational), perhaps akin to E.
<i>swart</i>.  Cf. <u>Sordine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Net having
the sense of hearing; deaf.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>surd</i> . . .
generation."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unheard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Kenrick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Involving surds; not capable
of being expressed in rational numbers; radical; irrational; as, a
<i>surd</i> expression or quantity; a <i>surd</i> number.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Phonetics)</i> <def>Uttered, as an element
of speech, without tone, or proper vocal sound; voiceless;
unintonated; nonvocal; atonic; whispered; aspirated; sharp; hard, as
<i>f</i>, <i>p</i>, <i>s</i>, etc.; -- opposed to <i>sonant</i>. See
<i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect;169, 179, 180.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surd</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quantity which can not be expressed by
rational numbers; thus, &radic;2 is a <i>surd</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A surd element of speech.
See <u>Surd</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surd"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Surd</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surd"i*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sardine.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Surd"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>surditas</i>.]
<def>Deafness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Surer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Surest</u>.] [OE.
<i>sur</i>, OF. <i>se&uuml;r</i>, F. <i>s&ucirc;r</i>, L.
<i>securus</i>; <i>se</i> aside, without + <i>cura</i> care. See
<u>Secure</u>, and cf. <u>Assure</u>, <u>Insure</u>, <u>Sicker</u>
sure.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Certainly knowing and believing;
confident beyond doubt; implicity trusting; unquestioning;
positive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are <i>sure</i> that the judgment of God is
according to truth against them which commit such things.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. ii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'm <i>sure</i> care 's an enemy of life.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Certain to find or retain; as, to be
<i>sure</i> of game; to be <i>sure</i> of success; to be <i>sure</i>
of life or health.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fit or worthy to be depended on; certain
not to fail or disappoint expectation; unfailing; strong; permanent;
enduring.</def> "His <i>sure</i> word."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord will certainly make my lord a <i>sure</i>
house; because my lord fighteth the battles of the Lord.</blockquote>
<i>1 Sam. xxv. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The testimony of the Lord is <i>sure</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xix. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which put in good <i>sure</i> leather
sacks.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Betrothed; engaged to marry.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The king was <i>sure</i> to Dame Elizabeth Lucy, and
her husband before God.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I presume . . . that you had been <i>sure</i> as fast
as faith could bind you, man and wife.</blockquote> <i>Brome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Free from danger; safe; secure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear not; the forest is not three leagues off;<BR>
If we recover that we are <i>sure</i> enough.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To be sure</b></col>, or <col><b>Be sure</b></col>,
<cd>certainly; without doubt; as, Shall you do? <i>To be sure</i> I
shall.</cd> -- <col><b>To make sure</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To make certain; to secure so that there can be no failure of the
purpose or object.</cd> "<i>Make</i> Cato <i>sure</i>."
<i>Addison.</i> "A peace can not fail, provided we <i>make sure</i> of
Spain." <i>Sir W. Temple.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To betroth.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She that's <i>made sure</i> to him she loves not
well.</blockquote> <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Certain; unfailing; infallible; safe; firm;
permanent; steady; stable; strong; secure; indisputable; confident;
positive.</p>

<p><hw>Sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sure manner;
safely; certainly.</def> "Great, <i>sure</i>, shall be thy meed."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is pleasant, <i>sure</i>, to see one's name in
print.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"-foot`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not liable to
stumble or fall; as, a <i>sure-footed</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a sure or certain manner; certainly; infallibly; undoubtedly;
assuredly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt
<i>surely</i> die.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that created something out of nothing, <i>surely</i>
can raise great things out of small.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without danger; firmly; steadly;
securely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that walketh uprightly walketh
<i>surely</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. x. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A making sure;
surety.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>surement</i> and every bond.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
sure; certainty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For more <i>sureness</i> he repeats it.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The law holds with equal <i>sureness</i> for all right
action.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sures"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain. See
<u>Rudesby</u>.] <def>One to be sure of, or to be relied on.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>There is one which is <i>suresby</i>, as they say, to
serve, if anything will serve.</blockquote> <i>Bradford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ti*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Suretyship.</def>  <i>Prov. xi. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sureties</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>seurte</i>, OF.
<i>se&uuml;rt&eacute;</i>, F. <i>s&ucirc;ret&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Sure</u>, <u>Security</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of
being sure; certainty; security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Know of a <i>surety</i>, that thy seed shall be a
stranger in a land that is not theirs.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xv.
13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For the more <i>surety</i> they looked round
about.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which makes sure; that which confirms;
ground of confidence or security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[We] our happy state<BR>
Hold, as you yours, while our obedience holds;<BR>
On other <i>surety</i> none.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Security against loss or damage; security
for payment, or for the performance of some act.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There remains unpaid<BR>
A hundred thousand more; in <i>surety</i> of the which<BR>
One part of Aquitaine is bound to us.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who is bound with and for
another who is primarily liable, and who is called the
<i>principal</i>; one who engages to answer for another's appearance
in court, or for his payment of a debt, or for performance of some
act; a bondsman; a bail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is <i>surety</i> for a stranger shall smart for
it.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xi. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a substitute; a hostage.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Evidence; confirmation; warrant.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She called the saints to <i>surety</i>,<BR>
That she would never put it from her finger,<BR>
Unless she gave it to yourself.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ty</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act as surety
for.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sure"ty*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
surety; the obligation of a person to answer for the debt, default, or
miscarriage of another.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Surf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly spelled
<i>suffe</i>, and probably the same word as E. <i>sough</i>.] <def>The
swell of the sea which breaks upon the shore, esp. upon a sloping
beach.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Surf bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a ploverlike
bird of the genus <i>Aphriza</i>, allied to the turnstone.</cd> --
<col><b>Surf clam</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large clam
living on the open coast, especially <i>Mactra, or Spisula,
solidissima</i>. See <u>Mactra</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Surf
duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of
sea ducks of the genus <i>Oidemia</i>, especially <i>O.
percpicillata</i>; -- called also <i>surf scoter</i>. See the Note
under <u>Scoter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Surf fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of California
embiotocoid fishes. See <u>Embiotocoid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Surf
smelt</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Smelt</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Surf whiting</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Whiting</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Surf</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bottom of a
drain.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur"face`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Sur-</u>,
and <u>Face</u>, and cf. <u>Superficial</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of
the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face; superficies; the
outside; as, the <i>surface</i> of the earth; the <i>surface</i> of a
diamond; the <i>surface</i> of the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bright <i>surface</i> of this ethereous
mold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, outward or external
appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vain and weak understandings, which penetrate no deeper
than the <i>surface</i>.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A magnitude that has length
and breadth without thickness; superficies; as, a plane
<i>surface</i>; a spherical <i>surface</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>That part of the side which
is terminated by the flank prolonged, and the angle of the nearest
bastion.</def>  <i>Stocqueler.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Caustic surface</b></col>, <col><b>Heating
surface</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Caustic</u>, <u>Heating</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Surface condensation</b></col>, <col><b>Surface
condenser</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Condensation</u>, and
<u>Condenser</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Surface gauge</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>an instrument consisting of a standard having a
flat base and carrying an adjustable pointer, for gauging the evenness
of a surface or its height, or for marking a line parallel with a
surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Surface grub</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the larva of the great yellow underwing moth (<i>Triph&oelig;na
pronuba</i>). It is often destructive to the roots of grasses and
other plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Surface plate</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<cd>a plate having an accurately dressed flat surface, used as a
standard of flatness by which to test other surfaces.</cd> --
<col><b>Surface printing</b></col>, <cd>printing from a surface in
relief, as from type, in distinction from <i>plate printing</i>, in
which the ink is contained in engraved lines.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sur"face</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surfaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surfacing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a surface to;
especially, to cause to have a smooth or plain surface; to make smooth
or plain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To work over the surface or soil of, as
ground, in hunting for gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"fa*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A form of
machine for dressing the surface of wood, metal, stone, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surf"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
boat intended for use in heavy surf. It is built with a pronounced
sheer, and with a view to resist the shock of waves and of contact
with the beach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"feit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>surfet</i>, OF.
<i>surfait</i>, <i>sorfait</i>, excess, arrogance, crime, fr.
<i>surfaire</i>, <i>sorfaire</i>, to augment, exaggerate, F.
<i>surfaire</i> to overcharge; <i>sur</i> over + <i>faire</i> to make,
do, L. <i>facere</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Fact</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Excess in eating and drinking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not Sir <i>Surfeit</i> sit at thy
board.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now comes the sick hour that his <i>surfeit</i>
made.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fullness and oppression of the system,
occasioned often by excessive eating and drinking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To prevent <i>surfeit</i> and other diseases that are
incident to those that heat their blood by travels.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Disgust caused by excess; satiety.</def>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Matter and argument have been supplied abundantly, and
even to <i>surfeit</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"feit</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To load the stomach with food, so that sickness or uneasiness
ensues; to eat to excess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are as sick that <i>surfeit</i> with too much as
they that starve with nothing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To indulge to satiety in any
gratification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"feit</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surfeited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surfeiting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feed so as to oppress
the stomach and derange the function of the system; to overfeed, and
produce satiety, sickness, or uneasiness; -- often reflexive; as, to
<i>surfeit</i> one's self with sweets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill to satiety and disgust; to cloy;
as, he <i>surfeits</i> us with compliments.</def>  <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"feit*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
surfeits.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"feit-wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Water for
the cure of surfeits.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sur"fel</hw>, <hw>Sur"fle</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sulphur</u>.] <def>To wash, as the face, with a
cosmetic water, said by some to be prepared from the sulphur.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She shall no oftener powder her hair, [or]
<i>surfel</i> her cheeks, . . . but she shall as often gaze on my
picture.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Surf"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The surf duck.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Surf"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Surmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who serves in a surfboat in
the life-saving service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tired or sore of
foot from travel; lamed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Surf"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of,
abounding in, or resembling, surf; as, a <i>surfy</i> shore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scarce had they cleared the <i>surfy</i> waves<BR>
That foam around those frightful caves.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Surge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>surgere</i>,
<i>surrectum</i>, to raise, to rise; <i>sub</i> under + <i>regere</i>
to direct: cf. OF. <i>surgeon</i>, <i>sourgeon</i>, fountain. See
<u>Regent</u>, and cf. <u>Insurrection</u>, <u>Sortie</u>,
<u>Source</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spring; a fountain.</def>
[Obs.] "Divers <i>surges</i> and springs of water."  <i>Ld.
Berners.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large wave or billow; a great, rolling
swell of water, produced generally by a high wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that doubteth is like the <i>surge</i> of the sea
driven by the wind and tossed.</blockquote> <i>James i. 6 (Rev.
Ver.)</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He flies aloft, and, with impetuous roar,<BR>
Pursues the foaming <i>surges</i> to the shore.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The motion of, or produced by, a great
wave.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The tapered part of a windlass barrel or a
capstan, upon which the cable surges, or slips.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
swell; to rise hifg and roll.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>surging</i> waters like a mountain
rise.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To slip along a
windlass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Surge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surging</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>surgir</i> to cast anchor, to land.
Cf. <u>Surge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To let go
or slacken suddenly, as a rope; as, to <i>surge</i> a hawser or
messenger; also, to slacken the rope about (a capstan).</def></p>

<p><hw>Surge"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
surges; surgy.</def> "Tossing the <i>surgeful</i> tides."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Surge"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from surges;
smooth; calm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>surgens</i>, p.
pr.] <def>Rising; swelling, as a flood.</def> [R.]  <i>Robert
Greene.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"geon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>surgien</i>,
OF. <i>surgien</i>, contr. fr. <i>chirurgien</i>. See
<u>Chirurgeon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One whose profession or
occupation is to cure diseases or injuries of the body by manual
operation; one whose occupation is to cure local injuries or disorders
(such as wounds, dislocations, tumors, etc.), whether by manual
operation, or by medication and constitutional treatment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of ch&aelig;todont fishes of the family <i>Teuthid&aelig;</i>,
or <i>Acanthurid&aelig;</i>, which have one or two sharp lancelike
spines on each side of the base of the tail. Called also <i>surgeon
fish</i>, <i>doctor fish</i>, <i>lancet fish</i>, and <i>sea
surgeon</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Surgeon apothecary</b></col>, <cd>one who unites the
practice of surgery with that of the apothecary.</cd>
<i>Dunglison.</i> -- <col><b>Surgeon dentist</b></col>, <cd>a dental
surgeon; a dentist.</cd> -- <col><b>Surgeon fish</b></col>. <cd>See
def. 2, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Surgeon general</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In the United States army, the chief of the
medical department.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In the British army,
a surgeon ranking next below the chief of the medical
department.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1452 !></p>

<p><hw>Sur"geon*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
employment of a surgeon, as in the naval or military
service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"geon*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Surgery.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur"ge*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>surgenrie</i>,
<i>surgerie</i>; cf. OF. <i>cirurgie</i>, F. <i>chirurgie</i>, L.
<i>chirurgia</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Surgeon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The art of healing by manual operation; that branch of medical
science which treats of manual operations for the healing of diseases
or injuries of the body; that branch of medical science which has for
its object the cure of local injuries or diseases, as wounds or
fractures, tumors, etc., whether by manual operation or by medicines
and constitutional treatment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A surgeon's operating room or
laboratory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"gi*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to surgeons or surgery; done by means of surgery; used in surgery; as,
a <i>surgical</i> operation; <i>surgical</i> instruments.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Surgical fever</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Py&aelig;mia.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Traumatic fever, or the
fever accompanying inflammation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sur"gi*cal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By means of
surgery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rising in surges or
billows; full of surges; resembling surges in motion or appearance;
swelling.</def> "Over the <i>surgy</i> main."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"ri*cat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>surikate</i>,
from the native name in South Africa.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Zenick</u>.</def> [Written also <i>suricate</i>,
<i>surikate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Su`ri*nam" toad"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species
of toad native of Surinam. See <u>Pipa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur`in*tend"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Superintendent</u>.] <def>Superintendent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur"li*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a surly
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being surly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Surly</u>.]
<def>A sour, morose fellow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"loin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>surlonge</i>;
<i>sur</i> upon + <i>longe</i> loin. See <u>Sur-</u>, and
<u>Loin</u>.] <def>A loin of beef, or the upper part of the loin. See
<u>Sirloin</u>, the more usual, but not etymologically preferable,
orthography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Surlier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Surliest</u>.] [Probably from <i>sir</i>,
and originally meaning, <i>sirlike</i>, i.e., proud. See <u>Sir</u>,
and <u>Like</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Arrogant; haughty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gloomily morose; ill-natured, abrupt, and
rude; severe; sour; crabbed; rough; sullen; gloomy; as, a <i>surly</i>
groom; a <i>surly</i> dog; <i>surly</i> language; a <i>surly</i>
look.</def> "That <i>surly</i> spirit, melancholy."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rough; dark; tempestuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now softened into joy the <i>surly</i>
storm.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<def>A mark made on the molds of a ship, when building, to show where
the angles of the timbers are to be placed.</def> [Written also
<i>sirmark</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*mis"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being surmised; as, a <i>surmisable</i> result.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mis"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Surmise.</def>
[R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>surmise</i>
accusation, fr. <i>surmettre</i>, p. p. <i>surmis</i>, to impose,
accuse; <i>sur</i> (see <u>Sur-</u>) + <i>mettre</i> to put, set, L.
<i>mittere</i> to send. See <u>Mission</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thought, imagination, or conjecture, which is based upon feeble or
scanty evidence; suspicion; guess; as, the <i>surmisses</i> of
jealousy or of envy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[We] double honor gain<BR>
From his <i>surmise</i> proved false.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No man ought to be charged with principles he actually
disowns, unless his practicies contradict his profession; not upon
small <i>surmises</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reflection; thought.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Conjecture; supposition; suspicion; doubt.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*mise"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surmised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surmising</u>.] <def>To imagine without certain knowledge; to infer
on slight grounds; to suppose, conjecture, or suspect; to
guess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It wafted nearer yet, and then she knew<BR>
That what before she but <i>surmised</i>, was true.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This change was not wrought by altering the form or
position of the earth, as was <i>surmised</i> by a very learned man,
but by dissolving it.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mis"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
surmises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mis"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Surmise</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mount"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surmounted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surmounting</u>.] [OE. <i>sourmounten</i>, OF. <i>surmonter</i>,
<i>sormonter</i>, F. <i>surmonter</i>; <i>sur</i> over + <i>monter</i>
to mount. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Mount</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rise above; to be higher than; to
overtop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mountains of Olympus, Athos, and Atlas, overreach
and <i>surmount</i> all winds and clouds.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To conquer; to overcome; as, to
<i>surmount</i> difficulties or obstacles.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To surpass; to exceed.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>surmounts</i> the reach<BR>
Of human sense I shall delineate.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conquer; overcome; vanquish; subdue; surpass;
exceed.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*mount"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>surmontable</i>.] <def>Capable of being surmounted or overcome;
superable.</def> -- <wf>Sur*mount"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mount"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having its vertical height greater than the half
span; -- said of an arch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Partly covered by another
charge; -- said of an ordinary or other bearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mount"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, surmounts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*mul"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>surmulet</i>;
<i>saur</i>, <i>saure</i>, brownish yellow, red + <i>mulet</i> a
mullet. See <u>Sorrel</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Mullet</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of various species of mullets of the
family <i>Millid&aelig;</i>, esp. the European species (<i>Millus
surmulletus</i>), which is highly prized as a food fish. See
<u>Mullet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"mu*lot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The brown, or Norway, rat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"name`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur +
name</i>; really a substitution for OE. <i>sournoun</i>, from F.
<i>surnom</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Noun</u>, <u>Name</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A name or appellation which is added to, or
over and above, the baptismal or Christian name, and becomes a family
name.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Surnames originally designated occupation, estate, place of
residence, or some particular thing or event that related to the
person; thus, Edmund <i>Ironsides</i>; Robert <i>Smith</i>, or the
<i>smith</i>; William <i>Turner</i>. Surnames are often also
patronymics; as, John <i>Johnson</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An appellation added to the original name;
an agnomen.</def> "My <i>surname</i>, Coriolanus."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word has been sometimes written <i>sirname</i>, as if
it signified <i>sire</i>-name, or the name derived from one's
father.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*name"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surnamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surnaming</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>surnommer</i>.] <def>To name or call by
an appellation added to the original name; to give a surname
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Another shall subscribe with his hand unto the Lord,
and <i>surname</i> himself by the name of Israel.</blockquote> <i>Isa.
xliv. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And Simon he <i>surnamed</i> Peter.</blockquote>
<i>Mark iii. 16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*nom"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a surname or surnames.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ox"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>To combine with oxygen so as to form a suroxide or
peroxide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*ox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>suroxyde</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Oxide</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A peroxide.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*pass"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surpassed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surpassing</u>.] [F. <i>surpasser</i>; <i>sur</i> over +
<i>passer</i> to pass. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Pass</u>.] <def>To go
beyond in anything good or bad; to exceed; to excel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This would <i>surpass</i><BR>
Common revenge and interrupt his joy.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To exceed; excel; outdo; outstrip.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*pass"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
surpassed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*pass"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Eminently
excellent; exceeding others.</def> "With <i>surpassing</i> glory
crowned." <i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Sur*pass"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Sur*pass"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sur"phul</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
surfel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"plice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>surplis</i>,
OF. <i>surpeiz</i>, LL. <i>superpellicium</i>; <i>super</i> over +
<i>pellicium</i>, <i>pelliceum</i>, a robe of fur, L. <i>pellicius</i>
made of skins. See <u>Pelisse</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A white
garment worn over another dress by the clergy of the Roman Catholic,
Episcopal, and certain other churches, in some of their
ministrations.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Surplice fees</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>fees paid to
the English clergy for occasional duties.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sur"pliced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
surplice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"plus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>sur</i>
over + <i>plus</i> more. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Plus</u>, and cf.
<u>Superplus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which remains when use
or need is satisfied, or when a limit is reached; excess;
overplus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, an amount in the public
treasury at any time greater than is required for the ordinary
purposes of the government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"plus</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being or constituting
a surplus; more than sufficient; as, <i>surplus</i> revenues;
<i>surplus</i> population; <i>surplus</i> words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the price of corn falleth, men give over
<i>surplus</i> tillage, and break no more ground.</blockquote>
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"plus*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Surplus</u>, and cf. <u>Superplusage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Surplus; excess; overplus; as, <i>surplusage</i> of grain or
goods beyond what is wanted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take what thou please of all this
<i>surplusage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>surplusage</i> given to one part is paid out of a
reduction from another part of the same creature.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Matter in pleading which is
not necessary or relevant to the case, and which may be
rejected.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Accounts)</i> <def>A greater disbursement
than the charge of the accountant amounts to.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Rees.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*pris"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Surprise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The act of surprising, or
state of being surprised; surprise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How to secure the lady from
<i>surprisal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Because death is uncertain, let us prevent its
<i>surprisal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*prise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>surprise</i>,
fr. <i>surprendre</i>, <i>surpris</i>; <i>sur</i> over +
<i>prendre</i> to take, L. <i>prehendere</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and
<u>Prehensile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of coming upon, or
taking, unawares; the act of seizing unexpectedly; surprisal; as, the
fort was taken by <i>surprise</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being surprised, or taken
unawares, by some act or event which could not reasonably be foreseen;
emotion excited by what is sudden and strange; a suddenly excited
feeling of wonder or astonishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pure <i>surprise</i> and fear<BR>
Made me to quit the house.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything that causes such a state or
emotion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A dish covered with a crust of raised
paste, but with no other contents.</def> [Obs.]  <i>King.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Surprise party</b></col>, <cd>a party of persons who
assemble by mutual agreement, and without invitation, at the house of
a common friend.</cd> [U.S.] <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wonder; astonishment; amazement.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*prise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surprised</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surprising</u>.] [From <u>Surprise</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf.
F. <i>surprendre</i>, p. p. <i>surpris</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To come or fall suddenly and unexpectedly; to take unawares; to
seize or capture by unexpected attack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fearfulness hath <i>surprised</i> the
hypocrites.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxxiii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The castle of Macduff I will
<i>surprise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who can speak<BR>
The mingled passions that <i>surprised</i> his heart?</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike with wonder, astonishment, or
confusion, by something sudden, unexpected, or remarkable; to
confound; as, his conduct <i>surprised</i> me.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>surprised</i> with an uncouth
fear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Up he starts,<BR>
Discovered and <i>surprised</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lead (one) to do suddenly and without
forethought; to bring (one) into some unexpected state; -- with
<i>into</i>; as, to be <i>surprised</i> into an indiscretion; to be
<i>surprised</i> into generosity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hold possession of; to hold.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not with me,<BR>
That in my hands <i>surprise</i> the sovereignity.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Astonish</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*prise"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Surprisal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*pris"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
surprises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*pris"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exciting surprise;
extraordinary; of a nature to excite wonder and astonishment; as,
<i>surprising</i> bravery; a <i>surprising</i> escape from
danger.</def> -- <wf>Sur*pris"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sur*pris"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wonderful; extraordinary; unexpected; astonishing;
striking.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sur"que*dous</hw> (?), <hw>Sur"que*drous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or exhibiting surquedry; arrogant;
insolent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower. James II. of Scot.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sur"que*dry</hw> (?), <hw>Sur"qui*dry</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>surcuidier</i> to presume; <i>sur</i>
over + <i>cuidier</i> to think, L. <i>cogitare</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>,
and <u>Cogitate</u>.] <def>Overweening pride; arrogance; presumption;
insolence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then pay you the price of your
<i>surquedry</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur`re*bound"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give
back echoes; to re&euml;cho.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur`re*but"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur +
rebut</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To reply, as a plaintiff to a
defendant's rebutter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur`re*but"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The reply of a plaintiff to a defendant's rebutter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"rein`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur +
rein</i>.] <def>To override; to exhaust by riding.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur`re*join"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur +
rejoin</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>To reply, as a plaintiff to a
defendant's rejoinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur`re*join"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The answer of a plaintiff to a defendant's rejoinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Surrendered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Surrendering</u>.] [OF. <i>surrendre</i> to deliver;
<i>sur</i> over + <i>rendre</i> to render. See <u>Sur-</u>, and
<u>Render</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To yield to the power of
another; to give or deliver up possession of (anything) upon
compulsion or demand; as, to <i>surrender</i> one's person to an enemy
or to an officer; to <i>surrender</i> a fort or a ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give up possession of; to yield; to
resign; as, to <i>surrender</i> a right, privilege, or
advantage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>surrender</i> up that right which otherwise their
founders might have in them.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To yield to any influence, emotion,
passion, or power; -- used reflexively; as, to <i>surrender</i> one's
self to grief, to despair, to indolence, or to sleep.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To yield; to render or deliver
up; to give up; as, a principal <i>surrendered</i> by his bail, a
fugitive from justice by a foreign state, or a particular estate by
the tenant thereof to him in remainder or reversion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give up one's
self into the power of another; to yield; as, the enemy, seeing no way
of escape, <i>surrendered</i> at the first summons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of surrendering; the act of yielding, or resigning one's
person, or the possession of something, into the power of another; as,
the <i>surrender</i> of a castle to an enemy; the <i>surrender</i> of
a right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That he may secure some liberty he makes a
<i>surrender</i> in trust of the whole of it.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
yielding of a particular estate to him who has an immediate estate in
remainder or reversion.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The giving up
of a principal into lawful custody by his bail.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The delivery up of fugitives from justice by
one government to another, as by a foreign state. See
<u>Extradition</u>.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren`der*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>The person to whom a surrender is made.</def>  <i>Mozley &
W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
surrenders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren`der*or"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who makes a surrender, as of an estate.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Surrender.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*rep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>surreptio</i>, or <i>subreptio</i>.  Cf. <u>Subreption</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of getting in a
surreptitious manner, or by craft or stealth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fame by <i>surreption</i> got<BR>
May stead us for the time, but lasteth not.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coming unperceived or suddenly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur`rep*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>surreptitius</i>, or <i>subreptitius</i>, fr. <i>surripere</i>,
<i>subripere</i>, to snatch away, to withdraw privily; <i>sub-</i>
under + <i>rapere</i> to snatch. See <u>Sub-</u>, and <u>Ravish</u>.]
<def>Done or made by stealth, or without proper authority; made or
introduced fraudulently; clandestine; stealthy; as, a
<i>surreptitious</i> passage in an old manuscript; a
<i>surreptitious</i> removal of goods.</def> --
<wf>Sur`rep*ti"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sur"rey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A four-wheeled
pleasure carriage, (commonly two-seated) somewhat like a phaeton, but
having a straight bottom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ro*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>surrogatus</i>, p. p. of <i>surrogare</i>, <i>subrogare</i>, to put
in another's place, to substitute; <i>sub</i> under + <i>rogare</i> to
ask, ask for a vote, propose a law. See <u>Rogation</u>, and cf.
<u>Subrogate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A deputy; a delegate; a
substitute.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The deputy of an ecclesiastical judge, most
commonly of a bishop or his chancellor, especially a deputy who grants
marriage licenses.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In some States of the United States, an
officer who presides over the probate of wills and testaments and
yield the settlement of estates.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1453 !></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ro*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put in
the place of another; to substitute.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ro*gate*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
a surrogate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur`ro*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Surrogate</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Subrogation</u>.]
<def>The act of substituting one person in the place of another.</def>
[R.]  <i>Killingbeck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*round"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surrounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surrounding</u>.] [OF. <i>suronder</i> to overflow, LL.
<i>superundare</i>; fr. L. <i>super</i> over + <i>undare</i> to rise
in waves, overflow, fr. <i>unda</i> wave. The English sense is due to
the influence of E. <i>round</i>. See <u>Super-</u>, and
<u>Undulate</u>, and cf. <u>Abound</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
inclose on all sides; to encompass; to environ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lie or be on all sides of; to encircle;
as, a wall <i>surrounds</i> the city.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But could instead, and ever-during dark<BR>
<i>Surrounds</i> me.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass around; to travel about; to
circumnavigate; as, to <i>surround</i> the world.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To inclose, as a body of
troops, between hostile forces, so as to cut off means of
communication or retreat; to invest, as a city.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To encompass; encircle; environ; invest; hem in;
fence about.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*round"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A method of hunting
some animals, as the buffalo, by surrounding a herd, and driving them
over a precipice, into a ravine, etc.</def> [U.S.]  <i>Baird.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*round"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclosing;
encircling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*round"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An encompassing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The things which surround or
environ; external or attending circumstances or conditions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*roy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur-</i> +
<i>royal</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the terminal branches
or divisions of the beam of the antler of the stag or other large
deer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"sa*nure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [(Assumed) OF.
<i>sursane&uuml;re</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Sane</u>.] <def>A
wound healed or healing outwardly only.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of a <i>sursanure</i><BR>
In surgery is perilous the cure.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"se*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., fr. OF. &amp; F.
<i>surseoir</i>. See <u>Surcease</u>.] <def>Peace; quiet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*sol"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sursolide</i>.
See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Solid</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The fifth
power of a number; as, <i>a&?;</i> is the <i>sursolid</i> of <i>a</i>,
or 32 that of 2.</def> [R.]  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*style"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
surname.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur"tax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An additional or
extra tax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*tax"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To impose an
additional tax on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*tout"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>sur</i>
over + <i>tout</i> all.] <def>A man's coat to be worn over his other
garments; an overcoat, especially when long, and fitting closely like
a body coat.</def>  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"tur*brand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>surtarbrandr</i>; <i>svartr</i> black + <i>brandr</i> a firebrand.]
<def>A fibrous brown coal or bituminous wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`ru*cu"cu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <i>Bush master</i>, under <u>Bush</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*veil"lance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>surveiller</i> to watch over; <i>sur</i> over + <i>veiller</i> to
watch, L. <i>vigilare</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Vigil</u>.]
<def>Oversight; watch; inspection; supervision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That sort of <i>surveillance</i> of which . . . the
young have accused the old.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*veil"lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Surveillants</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. <i>surveiller</i> to
watch over. See <u>Surveillance</u>.] <def>One who watches over
another; an overseer; a spy; a supervisor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*veil"lant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Overseeing;
watchful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Survened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Survening</u>.] [F. <i>survenir</i>. See <u>Supervene</u>.] <def>To
supervene upon; to come as an addition to.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A suppuration that <i>survenes</i>
lethargies.</blockquote> <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"ve*nue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. See
<u>Survene</u>.] <def>A sudden or unexpected coming or stepping
on.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*vey"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Surveyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surveying</u>.] [OF. <i>surveoir</i>, <i>surveer</i>; <i>sur</i>,
<i>sor</i>, over, E. <i>sur + veoir</i>, <i>veeir</i>, to see, F.
<i>voir</i>, L. <i>videre</i>. See <u>Sur-</u>, and <u>Vision</u>, and
cf. <u>Supervise</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inspect, or take a
view of; to view with attention, as from a high place; to overlook;
as, to stand on a hill, and <i>survey</i> the surrounding
country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Round he <i>surveys</i> and well might, where he
stood,<BR>
So high above.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To view with a scrutinizing eye; to
examine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With such altered looks, . . . <BR>
All pale and speechless, he <i>surveyed</i> me round.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To examine with reference to condition,
situation, value, etc.; to examine and ascertain the state of; as, to
<i>survey</i> a building in order to determine its value and exposure
to loss by fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To determine the form, extent, position,
etc., of, as a tract of land, a coast, harbor, or the like, by means
of linear and angular measurments, and the application of the
principles of geometry and trigonometry; as, to <i>survey</i> land or
a coast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To examine and ascertain, as the boundaries
and royalties of a manor, the tenure of the tenants, and the rent and
value of the same.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Jacob (Law Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur"vey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly accentuated
universally on the last syllable, and still so accented by many
speakers.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of surveying; a general
view, as from above.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under his proud <i>survey</i> the city
lies.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particular view; an examination,
especially an official examination, of all the parts or particulars of
a thing, with a design to ascertain the condition, quantity, or
quality; as, a <i>survey</i> of the stores of a ship; a <i>survey</i>
of roads and bridges; a <i>survey</i> of buildings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The operation of finding the contour,
dimensions, position, or other particulars of, as any part of the
earth's surface, whether land or water; also, a measured plan and
description of any portion of country, or of a road or line through
it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Survey of dogs</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Court of regard</i>,
under <u>Regard</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Trigonometrical survey</b></col>,
<cd>a survey of a portion of country by measuring a single base, and
connecting it with various points in the tract surveyed by a series of
triangles, the angles of which are carefully measured, the relative
positions and distances of all parts being computed from these
data.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Review; retrospect; examination; prospect.</p>

<p><hw>Sur*vey"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Survey.</def>
[R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vey"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Survey;
inspection.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*vey"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That branch of
applied mathematics which teaches the art of determining the area of
any portion of the earth's surface, the length and directions of the
bounding lines, the contour of the surface, etc., with an accurate
delineation of the whole on paper; the act or occupation of making
surveys.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Geodetic surveying</b></col>, <cd>geodesy.</cd> --
<col><b>Maritime</b></col>, or <col><b>Nautical</b></col>,
<col><b>surveying</b></col>, <cd>that branch of surveying which
determines the forms of coasts and harbors, the entrances of rivers,
with the position of islands, rocks, and shoals, the depth of water,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane surveying</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Plane</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Topographical
surveying</b></col>, <cd>that branch of surveying which involves the
process of ascertaining and representing upon a plane surface the
contour, physical features, etc., of any portion of the surface of the
earth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vey"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One placed to superintend others; an overseer; an
inspector.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Were 't not madness then,<BR>
To make the fox <i>surveyor</i> of the fold?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who views and examines for the purpose
of ascertaining the condition, quantity, or quality of anything; as, a
<i>surveyor</i> of highways, ordnance, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who surveys or measures land; one who
practices the art of surveying.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Customs)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
officer who ascertains the contents of casks, and the quantity of
liquors subject to duty; a gauger.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In
the United States, an officer whose duties include the various
measures to be taken for ascertaining the quantity, condition, and
value of merchandise brought into a port.</def> <i>Abbot.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Surveyor general</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
principal surveyor; as, the <i>surveyor general</i> of the king's
manors, or of woods and parks.</cd> [Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An
officer having charge of the survey of the public lands of a land
district.</cd> [U.S.] <i>Davies &amp; Peck (Math. Dict.).</i> --
<col><b>Surveyor's compass</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Circumferentor</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Surveyor's level</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Level</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vey"or*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
surveyor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*view"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sur-</i>
+ <i>view</i>.  Cf. <u>Survey</u>.] <def>To survey; to make a survey
of.</def> [Obs.] "To <i>surview</i> his ground."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*view"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A survey.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Supervise</u>, and <u>Survey</u>.] <def>To look over; to
supervise.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*viv"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Survive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A living or continuing longer
than, or beyond the existence of, another person, thing, or event; an
outliving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arh&aelig;ol. &amp; Ethnol.)</i> <def>Any habit,
usage, or belief, remaining from ancient times, the origin of which is
often unknown, or imperfectly known.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The close bearing of the doctrine of <i>survival</i> on
the study of manners and customs.</blockquote> <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Survival of the fittest</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Natural selection</i>, under <u>Natural</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sur*viv"ance</hw> (?), <hw>Sur*viv"an*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>survivance</i>.] <def>Survivorship.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His son had the <i>survivance</i> of the
stadtholdership.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Survived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Surviving</u>.] [F. <i>survivre</i>, L. <i>supervivere</i>;
<i>super</i> over + <i>vivere</i> to live. See <u>Super-</u>, and
<u>Victuals</u>.] <def>To live beyond the life or existence of; to
live longer than; to outlive; to outlast; as, to <i>survive</i> a
person or an event.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>
<blockquote>I'll assure her of<BR>
Her widowhood, be it that she <i>survive</i> me,<BR>
In all my lands and leases whatsoever.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*vive"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To remain alive;
to continue to live.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy pleasure,<BR>
Which, when no other enemy <i>survives</i>,<BR>
Still conquers all the conquerors.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Alike are life and death,<BR>
When life in death <i>survives</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*viv"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Survivorship.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sur*viv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
survives; a survivor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*viv"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Remaining alive;
yet living or existing; as, <i>surviving</i> friends; <i>surviving</i>
customs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*viv"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who survives or outlives another person, or any time, event,
or thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>survivor</i> bound<BR>
In filial obligation for some term<BR>
To do obsequious sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The longer liver of two joint
tenants, or two persons having a joint interest in anything.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sur*viv"or*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being a survivor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The right of a joint tenant,
or other person who has a joint interest in an estate, to take the
whole estate upon the death of other.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chance of survivorship</b></col>, <cd>the chance that a
person of a given age has of surviving another of a giving age; thus,
by the Carlisle tables of mortality the chances of survivorship for
two persons, aged 25 and 65, are 89 and 11 respectively, or about 8 to
1 that the elder die first.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sus*cep`ti*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Susceptibilities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>susceptibilit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or
quality of being susceptible; the capability of receiving impressions,
or of being affected.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, capacity for deep feeling or
emotional excitement; sensibility, in its broadest acceptation;
impressibility; sensitiveness.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Magnetic susceptibility</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the
intensity of magnetization of a body placed in a uniform megnetic
field of unit strength.</cd> <i>Sir W. Thomson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Capability; sensibility; feeling; emotion.</p>

<p><hw>Sus*cep"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>suscipere</i>, <i>susceptum</i>, to take up, to support, undertake,
recognize, admit; pref. <i>sus</i> (see <u>Sub-</u>) + <i>capere</i>
to take. See <u>Capable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of
admitting anything additional, or any change, affection, or influence;
readily acted upon; as, a body <i>susceptible</i> of color or of
alteration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It sheds on souls <i>susceptible</i> of light,<BR>
The glorious dawn of our eternal day.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of impression; having nice
sensibility; impressible; tender; sensitive; as, children are more
<i>susceptible</i> than adults; a man of a <i>susceptible</i>
heart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Candidates are . . . not very <i>susceptible</i> of
affronts.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am constitutionally <i>susceptible</i> of
noises.</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Sus*cep"ti*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sus*cep"ti*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sus*cep"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>susceptio</i>: cf. F. <i>susception</i>. See <u>Susceptible</u>.]
<def>The act of taking; reception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*cep"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Susceptible.</def> <i>I. Watts.</i> --
<wf>Sus*cep"tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sus`cep*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Capacity
for receiving; susceptibility.</def> [R.]  <i>Wollaston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*cep"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Susceptible</u>.] <def>One who undertakes anything; specifically, a
godfather; a sponsor; a guardian.</def>  <i>Puller. Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*cip"i*en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Admission.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sus*cip"i*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suscipiens</i>, p. pr. of <i>suscipere</i>. See
<u>Susceptible</u>.] <def>Receiving; admitting.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sus*cip"i*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who takes or
admits; one who receives.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus`ci*ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Capability of being suscitated; excitability.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus"ci*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Suscitated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Suscitating</u>.] [L. <i>suscitatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>suscitare</i> to lift up, to rouse; pref. <i>sus-</i> (see <u>Sub-
</u>) + <i>citare</i> to rouse, excite.  Cf. <u>Excite</u>,
<u>Incite</u>.] <def>To rouse; to excite; to call into life and
action.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sus`ci*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suscitatio</i>: cf. F. <i>suscitation</i>.] <def>The act of raising
or exciting.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A mere <i>suscitation</i> or production of a
thing.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus"lik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>s&uacute;slik'</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A ground squirrel
(<i>Spermophilus citillus</i>) of Europe and Asia. It has large cheek
pouches.</def> [Written also <i>souslik</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>suspectus</i>,
p. p. of <i>suspicere</i> to look up, admire, esteem, to look at
secretly or askance, to mistrust; <i>sub</i> under + <i>specere</i> to
look: cf. F. <i>suspect</i> suspected, suspicious. See <u>Spy</u>, and
cf. <u>Suspicion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Suspicious; inspiring
distrust.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Suspect</i> [was] his face, <i>suspect</i> his word
also.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suspected; distrusted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What I can do or offer is <i>suspect</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>suspectus</i>. See
<u>Suspect</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Suspicion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So with <i>suspect</i>, with fear and grief,
dismayed.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, is suspected; an
object of suspicion; -- formerly applied to persons and things; now,
only to persons suspected of crime.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suspected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suspecting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To imagine to exist; to
have a slight or vague opinion of the existence of, without proof, and
often upon weak evidence or no evidence; to mistrust; to surmise; --
commonly used regarding something unfavorable, hurtful, or wrong; as,
to <i>suspect</i> the presence of disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing makes a man <i>suspect</i> much, more than to
know little; and therefore men should remedy suspicion by procuring to
know more.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From her hand I could <i>suspect</i> no
ill.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To imagine to be guilty, upon slight
evidence, or without proof; as, to <i>suspect</i> one of
equivocation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hold to be uncertain; to doubt; to
mistrust; to distruct; as, to <i>suspect</i> the truth of a
story.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To look up to; to respect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To mistrust; distrust; surmise; doubt.</p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To imagine guilt;
to have a suspicion or suspicions; to be suspicious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If I <i>suspect</i> without cause, why then make sport
at me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
suspected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Distrusted;
doubted.</def> -- <wf>Sus*pect"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sus*pect"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
suspects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Apt to suspect
or mistrust; full of suspicion; suspicious; as, to be
<i>suspectful</i> of the motives of others.</def> <i>Milton.</i> --
<wf>Sus*pect"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Suspicion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sus*pec"tious*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Suspiciousness; cause for suspicion.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Ld.
Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pect"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not suspecting; having no suspicion.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not suspected; not mistrusted.</def> [R.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Suspended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Suspending</u>.] [F. <i>suspendre</i>, or OF. <i>souspendre</i>
(where the prefix is L. <i>subtus</i> below, from <i>sub</i> under),
L. <i>suspendere</i>, <i>suspensum</i>; pref. <i>sus-</i> (see <u>Sub-
</u>) + <i>pendere</i> to hang. See <u>Pedant</u>, and cf.
<u>Suspense</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
attach to something above; to hang; as, to <i>suspend</i> a ball by a
thread; to <i>suspend</i> a needle by a loadstone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make to depend; as, God hath
<i>suspended</i> the promise of eternal life on the condition of
obedience and holiness of life.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to cease for a time; to hinder
from proceeding; to interrupt; to delay; to stay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Suspend</i> your indignation against my
brother.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The guard nor fights nor fies; their fate so near<BR>
At once <i>suspends</i> their courage and their fear.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hold in an undetermined or undecided
state; as, to <i>suspend</i> one's judgment or opinion.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To debar, or cause to withdraw temporarily,
from any privilege, from the execution of an office, from the
enjoyment of income, etc.; as, to <i>suspend</i> a student from
college; to <i>suspend</i> a member of a club.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Good men should not be <i>suspended</i> from the
exercise of their ministry and deprived of their livelihood for
ceremonies which are on all hands acknowledged
indifferent.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cause to cease for a time from operation
or effect; as, to <i>suspend</i> the habeas corpus act; to
<i>suspend</i> the rules of a legislative body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To support in a liquid, as
an insoluble powder, by stirring, to facilitate chemical
action.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To suspend payment</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>to cease
paying debts or obligations; to fail; -- said of a merchant, a bank,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To hang; interrupt; delay; intermit; stay; hinder;
debar.</p>

<p><! p. 1454 !></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cease from
operation or activity; esp., to stop payment, or be unable to meet
obligations or engagements (said of a commercial firm or a
bank).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, suspends; esp., one of a pair of straps or braces worn
over the shoulders, for holding up the trousers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus`pen*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>suspensatio</i> suspension from a charge or benefice.] <def>The act
of suspending, or the state of being suspended, especially for a short
time; temporary suspension.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pense"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>suspens</i>,
L. <i>suspensus</i>, p. p. of <i>suspendere</i>. See <u>Suspend</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Held or lifted up; held or prevented from
proceeding.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[The great light of day] <i>suspense</i> in
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expressing, or proceeding from, suspense or
doubt.</def> [Obs.] "Expectation held his look <i>suspense</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pense"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From F. <i>suspens</i>,
a. See <u>Suspense</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being suspended; specifically, a state of
uncertainty and expectation, with anxiety or apprehension;
indetermination; indecision; as, the <i>suspense</i> of a person
waiting for the verdict of a jury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ten days the prophet in <i>suspense</i>
remained.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the ticklish balance of
<i>suspense</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cessation for a time; stop;
pause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cool <i>suspense</i> from pleasure and from
pain.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Cf. F. <i>suspense</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
temporary cessation of one's right; suspension, as when the rent or
other profits of land cease by unity of possession of land and
rent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Suspense account</b></col> <i>(Bookkeeping)</i>, <cd>an
account in which receipts or disbursements are temporarily entered
until their proper position in the books is determined.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pense"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In
suspense.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being suspensible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being suspended; capable of being held from sinking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>suspension</i>, L. <i>suspensio</i> arched work, imperfect
pronunciation. See <u>Suspend</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
suspending, or the state of being suspended; pendency; as,
<i>suspension</i> from a hook.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, temporary delay, interruption,
or cessation</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of labor, study,
pain, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of decision, determination,
judgment, etc.; as, to ask a <i>suspension</i> of judgment or opinion
in view of evidence to be produced.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Of
the payment of what is due; as, the <i>suspension</i> of a mercantile
firm or of a bank.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Of punishment, or
sentence of punishment.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Of a person in
respect of the exercise of his office, powers, prerogative, etc.; as,
the <i>suspension</i> of a student or of a clergyman.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Of the action or execution of law, etc.; as,
the <i>suspension</i> of the habeas corpus act.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A conditional withholding, interruption, or
delay; as, the <i>suspension</i> of a payment on the performance of a
condition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The state of a solid when its particles are
mixed with, but undissolved in, a fluid, and are capable of separation
by straining; also, any substance in this state.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A keeping of the hearer in
doubt and in attentive expectation of what is to follow, or of what is
to be the inference or conclusion from the arguments or observations
employed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A stay or postponement
of execution of a sentence condemnatory by means of letters of
suspension granted on application to the lord ordinary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The prolongation of one or
more tones of a chord into the chord which follows, thus producing a
momentary discord, suspending the concord which the ear expects.  Cf.
<u>Retardation</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pleas in suspension</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>pleas which
temporarily abate or suspend a suit.</cd> -- <col><b>Points of
suspension</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the points, as in the axis or
beam of a balance, at which the weights act, or from which they are
suspended.</cd> -- <col><b>Suspension bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge
supported by chains, ropes, or wires, which usually pass over high
piers or columns at each end, and are secured in the ground
beyond.</cd> -- <col><b>Suspension of arms</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>a short truce or cessation of operations agreed on by the
commanders of contending armies, as for burying the dead, making
proposal for surrender or for peace, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Suspension
scale</b></col>, <cd>a scale in which the platform hangs suspended
from the weighing apparatus instead of resting upon it.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Delay; interruption; intermission; stop.</p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>suspensif</i>. See <u>Suspend</u>.] <def>Tending to suspend, or to
keep in suspense; causing interruption or delay; uncertain;
doubtful.</def> "In <i>suspensive</i> thoughts." <i>Beaumont.</i> "A
<i>suspensive</i> veto." <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The provisional and <i>suspensive</i>
attitude.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Suspensive</b></col><cd> condition <i>(Scots Law)</i>, a
condition precedent, or a condition without the performance of which
the contract can not be completed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A suspensory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The cord which suspends the
embryo; and which is attached to the radicle in the young state; the
proembryo.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sus`pen*so"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Suspensoria</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Anything
which suspends or holds up a part: especially, the mandibular
suspensorium (a series of bones, or of cartilages representing them)
which connects the base of the lower jaw with the skull in most
vertebrates below mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Suspended; hanging; depending.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fitted or serving to suspend; suspending;
as, a <i>suspensory</i> muscle.</def>  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
suspensorium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pen"so*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>suspensoir</i>, <i>suspensoire</i>.] <def>That which suspends, or
holds up, as a truss</def>; specifically <i>(Med.)</i>, <def>a bandage
or bag for supporting the scrotum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus"pi*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suspacabilis</i>, fr. <i>suspicari</i> to suspect, akin to
<i>suspicere</i>. See <u>Suspect</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Liable to suspicion; suspicious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is a very <i>suspicable</i> business.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. H. more.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pi"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>suspiciens</i>, p. pr. of <i>suspicere</i>. See <u>Suspect</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Suspiciousness; suspicion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hopkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pi"cion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>suspecioun</i>, OF. <i>souspe&ccedil;on</i>, F.
<i>soup&ccedil;on</i>, L. <i>suspectio</i> a looking up to, an
esteeming highly, suspicion, fr. <i>suspicere</i> to look up, to
esteem, to mistrust. The modern form <i>suspicion</i> in English and
French is in imitation of L. <i>suspicio</i> mistrust, suspicion. See
<u>Suspect</u>, and cf. <u>Suspicious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of suspecting; the imagination or apprehension of the
existence of something (esp. something wrong or hurtful) without
proof, or upon very slight evidence, or upon no evidence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Suspicions</i> among thoughts are like bats among
birds, they ever fly by twilight.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slight degree; suggestion; hint.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The features are mild but expressive, with just a
<i>suspicion</i> . . . of saturnine or sarcastic humor.</blockquote>
<i>A. W. Ward.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Jealousy; distrust; mistrust; diffidence; doubt.</p>

<p><hw>Sus*pi"cion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To view with
suspicion; to suspect; to doubt.</def> [Obs. or Low]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pi"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>suspecious</i>; cf. L. <i>suspiciosus</i>. See <u>Suspicion</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inclined to suspect; given or prone to
suspicion; apt to imagine without proof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature itself, after it has done an injury, will ever
be <i>suspicious</i>; and no man can love the person he
suspects.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many mischievous insects are daily at work to make men
of merit <i>suspicious</i> of each other.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indicating suspicion, mistrust, or
fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have a <i>suspicious</i>, fearful, constrained
countenance.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liable to suspicion; adapted to raise
suspicion; giving reason to imagine ill; questionable; as, an author
of <i>suspicious</i> innovations; <i>suspicious</i>
circumstances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I spy a black, <i>suspicious</i>, threatening
could.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Jealous; distrustful; mistrustful; doubtful;
questionable. See <u>Jealous</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sus*pi"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sus*pi"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pir"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Suspire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A breathing hole; a vent or
ventiduct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spring of water passing under ground
toward a cistern or conduit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus`pi*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suspiratio</i>. See <u>Suspire</u>.] <def>The act of sighing, or
fetching a long and deep breath; a deep respiration; a sigh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Windy <i>suspiration</i> of forced breath.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>suspirare</i> to breathe out, to sigh; <i>sub</i> under +
<i>spirare</i> to breathe: cf. F. <i>souspirer</i>, OF.
<i>souspirer</i>.] <def>To fetch a long, deep breath; to sigh; to
breathe.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fireflies that <i>suspire</i><BR>
In short, soft lapses of transported flame.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*pire"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>suspirium</i>.]
<def>A long, deep breath; a sigh.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sus*pired"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ardently desired
or longed for; earnestly coveted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*tain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sustained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sustaining</u>.] [OE. <i>sustenen</i>, <i>susteinen</i>, OF.
<i>sustenir</i>, <i>sostenir</i>, F. <i>soutenir</i> (the French
prefix is properly fr. L. <i>subtus</i> below, fr. <i>sub</i> under),
L. <i>sustinere</i>; pref. <i>sus-</i> (see <u>Sub-</u>) +
<i>tenere</i> to hold. See <u>Tenable</u>, and cf. <u>Sustenance</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep from falling; to bear; to uphold; to
support; as, a foundation <i>sustains</i> the superstructure; a beast
<i>sustains</i> a load; a rope <i>sustains</i> a weight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every pillar the temple to <i>sustain</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to keep from sinking, as in
despondence, or the like; to support.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No comfortable expectations of another life to
<i>sustain</i> him under the evils in this world.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To maintain; to keep alive; to support; to
subsist; to nourish; as, provisions to <i>sustain</i> an
army.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To aid, comfort, or relieve; to
vindicate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His sons, who seek the tyrant to
<i>sustain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To endure without failing or yielding; to
bear up under; as, to <i>sustain</i> defeat and
disappointment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To suffer; to bear; to undergo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall Turnus, then, such endless toil
<i>sustain</i>?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall <i>sustain</i> more new
disgraces.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To allow the prosecution of; to admit as
valid; to sanction; to continue; not to dismiss or abate; as, the
court <i>sustained</i> the action or suit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To prove; to establish by evidence; to
corroborate or confirm; to be conclusive of; as, to <i>sustain</i> a
charge, an accusation, or a proposition.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To support; uphold; subsist; assist; relieve;
suffer; undergo.</p>

<p><hw>Sus*tain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, upholds or sustains; a sustainer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I waked again, for my <i>sustain</i> was the
Lord.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*tain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>soutenable</i>, OF. <i>soustenable</i>.] <def>Capable of being
sustained or maintained; as, the action is not
<i>sustainable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*tained"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Held up to a
certain pitch, degree, or level; uniform; as, <i>sustained</i> pasion;
a <i>sustained</i> style of writing; a <i>sustained</i> note in
music.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus*tain"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, sustains.</def>  <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*tain"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
sustaining; maintenance; support.</def>  <i>Milton. Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*tal"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
contractile, fr. &?; to draw together, to moderate; &?; together + &?;
to place.] <def>Mournful; -- said of a species of music among the
ancient Greeks.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus"te*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>sustenance</i>, <i>sostenance</i>, <i>soustenance</i>: cf. L.
<i>sustenentia</i> endurance. See <u>Sustain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of sustaining; support; maintenance; subsistence; as, the
<i>sustenance</i> of the body; the <i>sustenance</i> of
life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which supports life; food; victuals;
provisions; means of living; as, the city has ample
<i>sustenance</i>.</def> "A man of little <i>sustenance</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For lying is thy <i>sustenance</i>, thy
food.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus*ten"ta*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sustentaculum</i>. See <u>Sustentation</u>.] <def>Sustenance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus`ten*tac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sustenance</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Supporting; sustaining; as, a
<i>sustentacular</i> tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sus"ten*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
sustain.</def> [R.]  <i>C. Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sus`ten*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sustentatio</i> sustenance, maintenance, fr. <i>sustentare</i> to
support, maintain, v. intens. fr. <i>sustinere</i> to sustain: cf. F.
<i>sustentation</i>. See <u>Sustain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of sustaining, or the state of being sustained; preservation from
falling; support; sustenance; maintenance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The aggregate of the
functions by which a living organism is maintained in a normal
condition of weight and growth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sustentation fund</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>a fund of a
religious body for support of its ministers, chapels, etc.; as, the
<i>sustentation fund</i> of the Free Church of Scotland.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sus"ten*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted to
sustain, strengthen, or corroborate; as, <i>sustentative</i> citations
or quotations.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sustentative functions</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>,
<cd>those functions of the body which affect its material composition
and thus determine its mass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sus*ten"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sustentation.</def> [R. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In fine images, in <i>sustention</i>, in irony, they
surpass anything that Burke ever wrote.</blockquote> <i>J.
Morley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sus"ter</hw>, <hw>Sus"tre</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Susters</b></plw> (&?;), <plw><b>Sustres</b></plw>,
or <plw><b>Sustren</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Sister.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are seven <i>sustren</i>, that serve truth
ever.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"su</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Soosoo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*sur"rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>susurrans</i>, p. pr. from <i>susurrare</i> to whisper.]
<def>Whispering.</def> [R.] "The soft <i>susurrant</i> sigh."
<i>Poetry of Anti-Jacobin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su`sur*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>susurratio</i>, fr. <i>susurrare</i> to whisper: cf. F.
<i>susurration</i>.] <def>A whispering; a soft murmur.</def> "Soft
<i>susurrations</i> of the trees."  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*sur"ring*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the
manner of a whisper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Su*sur"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>susurrus</i>.] <def>Whispering; rustling; full of whispering
sounds.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Su*sur"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>The act
of whispering; a whisper; a murmur.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The soft <i>susurrus</i> and sighs of the
branches.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sutilis</i>, fr.
<i>suere</i> to sew: cf. F. <i>sutile</i>.] <def>Done by
stitching.</def> [R.]  <i>Boswell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sut"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>zoetelaar</i>,
OD. <i>soetelaar</i>, a small trader, especially in camps, fr.
<i>soetelen</i> to undertake low offices; cf. G. <i>sudeln</i> to do
dirty work, to sully, soil, E. <i>suds</i>.] <def>A person who follows
an army, and sells to the troops provisions, liquors, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sut"ler*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition or
occupation of a sutler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sut"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to
sutlers; engaged in the occupation of a sutler.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of sirup made
by the Indians of Arizona from the fruit of some cactaceous plant
(probably the <i>Cereus giganteus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Su"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sutras</b></plw> (#). [Skr. <i>s&?;tra</i> a thread, a string
of rules; an aphorism; fr. <i>siv</i> to sew.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A precept; an aphorism; a brief rule.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A collection of such aphorisms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A body of Hindoo literature
containing aphorisms on grammar, meter, law, and philosophy, and
forming a connecting link between the Vedic and later Sanscrit
literature.</def>  <i>Balfour (Cyc. of India).</i></p>

<p><hw>Sut*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>sat&imacr;</i>
a faithful wife, fem. of <i>sant</i> existing, real, true, good, p.
pr. of <i>as</i> to be.  Cf. <u>Sooth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
Hindoo widow who immolates herself, or is immolated, on the funeral
pile of her husband; -- so called because this act of self-immolation
is regarded as envincing excellence of wifely character.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of burning a widow on the funeral
pile of her husband.</def> [India]</p>

<p>&fist; The practice, though abolished in British India law in 1829,
is not wholly prevented.</p>

<p><hw>Sut*tee"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice of
self-immolation of widows in Hindostan.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1455 !></p>

<p><hw>Sut"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Com.)</i> <def>The weight when the tare has been deducted, and
tret is yet to be allowed.</def>  <i>M&?;Culloch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sut"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Sutler</u>.]
<def>To act as sutler; to supply provisions and other articles to
troops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sutural</i>, NL. <i>suturals</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to a suture, or seam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Taking place at a suture; as,
a <i>sutural</i> de&?;iscence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"tur*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sutural
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"tur*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sewed or knit
together; united by a suture; stitched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sutura</i>, fr.
<i>suere</i>, <i>sutum</i>, to sew or stitch: cf. F. <i>suture</i>.
See <u>Sew</u> to unite with thread.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of sewing; also, the line along which two things or parts are sewed
together, or are united so as to form a seam, or that which resembles
a seam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
uniting of the parts of a wound by stitching.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The stitch by which the parts are
united.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The line of union, or seam,
in an immovable articulation, like those between the bones of the
skull; also, such an articulation itself; synarthrosis. See
<i>Harmonic suture</i>, under <u>Harmonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The line,
or seam, formed by the union of two margins in any part of a plant;
as, the ventral <i>suture</i> of a legume.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A line resembling a seam; as, the dorsal <i>suture</i> of a
legume, which really corresponds to a midrib.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
line at which the elytra of a beetle meet and are sometimes
confluent.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A seam, or impressed line,
as between the segments of a crustacean, or between the whorls of a
univalve shell.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Glover's suture</b></col>, <col><b>Harmonic
suture</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Glover</u>, <u>Harmonic</u>,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Su"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a suture or
sutures; knit or united together.</def>  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*war"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The giant cactus (<i>Cereus giganteus</i>); -- so named by the
Indians of Arizona.  Called also <i>saguaro</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Su"ze*rain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., formed fr.
<i>sus</i> above, L. <i>susum</i>, <i>sursum</i> (fr. <i>sub</i> under
+ <i>versum</i>, p. p. of <i>vertere</i> to turn), after the analogy
of <i>souverain</i>, E. <i>sovereign</i>. See <u>Sub-</u>, and
<u>Verse</u>.] <def>A superior lord, to whom fealty is due; a feudal
lord; a lord paramount.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ze*rain*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>suzerainet&eacute;</i>.] <def>The dominion or authority of a
suzerain; paramount authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swa</hw> (sw&auml;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>So</u>.]
<def>So.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swab</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swabbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swabbing</u>.] [See <u>Swabber</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
clean with a mop or swab; to wipe when very wet, as after washing; as,
to <i>swab</i> the desk of a ship.</def> [Spelt also <i>swob</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Swab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>swob</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of mop for cleaning floors, the desks
of vessels, etc., esp. one made of rope-yarns or threads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bit of sponge, cloth, or the like,
fastened to a handle, for cleansing the mouth of a sick person,
applying medicaments to deep-seated parts, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An epaulet.</def> [Sailor's
Slang]  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A cod, or pod, as of beans or pease.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A sponge, or other suitable substance,
attached to a long rod or handle, for cleaning the bore of a
firearm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swab"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To swab.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Swab"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>zwabber</i>; cf.D.
<i>zwabberen</i> to swab, G. <i>schwabbern</i>, Dan. <i>svabre</i>,
Sw. <i>svab</i> a swab, <i>svabla</i> to swab.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who swabs a floor or desk.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Formerly, an interior
officer on board of British ships of war, whose business it was to see
that the ship was kept clean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Swobber</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr. AS.
<i>swe&?;ian</i> to bind.] [Written also <i>swod</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cod, or pod, as of beans or pease.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Swad</i>, in the north, is a peascod shell -- thence
used for an empty, shallow-headed fellow.</blockquote>
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A clown; a country bumpkin.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.] "Country swains, and silly <i>swads</i>."
<i>Greene.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was one busy fellow was their leader,<BR>
A blunt, squat <i>swad</i>, but lower than yourself.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A lump of mass; also, a crowd.</def> [Low,
U.S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Coal Mining)</i> <def>A thin layer of refuse
at the bottom of a seam.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>swe&?;il</i>,
<i>swe&?;el</i>, fr. <i>swe&?;ain</i> to bind. See <u>Swathe</u>.]
<def>Anything used to swaddle with, as a cloth or band; a swaddling
band.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They put me in bed in all my swaddles.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swaddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swaddling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind as with a
bandage; to bind or warp tightly with clothes; to swathe; -- used esp.
of infants; as, to <i>swaddle</i> a baby.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>swaddled</i> me up in my nightgown with long
pieces of linen.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat; to cudgel.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swad"dle*bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The shoveler.</def> [Local, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Swad"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A term of
contempt for an Irish Methodist.</def>  <i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swad"dling</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Swaddle</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Swaddling band</b></col>, <col><b>Swaddling
cloth</b></col>, or <col><b>Swaddling clout</b></col>, <cd>a band or
cloth wrapped round an infant, especially round a newborn
infant.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall find the babe wrapped in <i>swaddling
clothes</i>, lying in a manger.</blockquote> <i>Luke ii. 12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swagging</u> (?).] [Cf. Icel. <i>sveggja</i>, <i>sveigja</i> to
bend, to sway, Norw. <i>svaga</i> to sway. See <u>Sway</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hang or move, as something loose and heavy;
to sway; to swing.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sink down by its weight; to sag.</def>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>swag</i> as a fat person's belly <i>swaggeth</i>
as he goeth.</blockquote> <i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
swaying, irregular motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A burglar's or thief's booty; boodle.</def>
[Cant or Slang]  <i>Charles Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag"-bel`lied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
prominent, overhanging belly.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag"bel`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A prominent, overhanging belly.</def>  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any large tumor developed in
the abdomen, and neither fluctuating nor sonorous.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swage</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swaging</u> (?).] [Equiv. to <i>suage</i>, abbrev. fr.
<i>assuage</i>.] <def>See <u>Assuage</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swage</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tool, variously shaped
or grooved on the end or face, used by blacksmiths and other workers
in metals, for shaping their work, whether sheet metal or forging, by
holding the swage upon the work, or the work upon the swage, and
striking with a sledge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swage block</b></col>, <cd>a perforated block of iron,
having grooved sides and adapted for use in heading bolts and swaging
objects of large size.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shape by means of a
swage; to fashion, as a piece of iron, by forcing it into a groove or
mold having the required shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swag"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swaggered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swaggering</u>.] [Freq. of <i>swag</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
walk with a swaying motion; hence, to walk and act in a pompous,
consequential manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man who <i>swaggers</i> about London
clubs.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To boast or brag noisily; to be
ostentatiously proud or vainglorious; to bluster; to bully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What a pleasant it is . . . to <i>swagger</i> at the
bar!</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To be great is not . . . to <i>swagger</i> at our
footmen.</blockquote> <i>Colier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bully.</def>
[R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or manner of a
swaggerer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gave a half <i>swagger</i>, half leer, as he stepped
forth to receive us.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag"ger*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
swaggers; a blusterer; a bully; a boastful, noisy fellow.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to swag;
sinking, hanging, or leaning by its weight.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swain</i>,
<i>swein</i>, Icel. <i>sveinn</i> a boy, servant; akin to Sw.
<i>sven</i>, Dan. <i>svend</i>, AS. <i>sw&amacr;n</i>, OHG.
<i>swein</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A servant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Him behoves serve himself that has no
<i>swain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young man dwelling in the country; a
rustic; esp., a cuntry gallant or lover; -- chiefly in
poetry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It were a happy life<BR>
To be no better than a homely <i>swain</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Blest <i>swains</i>! whose nymphs in every grace
excel.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swain"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, a swain; rustic; ignorant.</def> "An ungentle and
<i>swainish</i> beast." <i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Swain"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swain"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
swain.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Swain"mote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Swain</i> +
<i>mote</i> meeting: cf. LL. <i>swanimotum</i>.] <i>(Eng. Forest
Law)</i> <def>A court held before the verders of the forest as judges,
by the steward of the court, thrice every year, the swains, or
freeholders, within the forest composing the jury.</def> [Written also
<i>swanimote</i>, and <i>sweinmote</i>.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swain"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of a
swain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swaip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sweep</u>.]
<def>To walk proudly; to sweep along.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Todd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swal</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Swell</u>.
<def>Swelled.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>svalr</i>
cool, <i>svala</i> to cool.] <def>A valley or low place; a tract of
low, and usually wet, land; a moor; a fen.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Swale</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To melt and waste
away; to singe. See <u>Sweal</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Swale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gutter in a
candle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swal"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schwall</i>
a sea swell, from <i>schwellen</i> to swell, E. <i>swell</i>.]
<def>Water breaking in upon the miners at their work; -- so called
among tin miners.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swalowe</i>,
AS. <i>swalewe</i>, <i>swealwe</i>; akin to D. <i>zwaluw</i>, OHG.
<i>swalawa</i>, G. <i>schwalbe</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>svala</i>, Dan.
<i>svale</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of passerine birds of the family
<i>Hirundinid&aelig;</i>, especially one of those species in which the
tail is deeply forked. They have long, pointed wings, and are noted
for the swiftness and gracefulness of their flight.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The most common North American species are the barn swallow
(see under <u>Barn</u>), the cliff, or eaves, swallow (see under
<u>Cliff</u>), the white-bellied, or tree, swallow (<i>Tachycineta
bicolor</i>), and the bank swallow (see under <u>Bank</u>). The common
European swallow (<i>Chelidon rustica</i>), and the window swallow, or
martin (<i>Chelidon urbica</i>), are familiar species.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of swifts which resemble the true swallows in form and habits,
as the common American chimney swallow, or swift.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The aperture in a block
through which the rope reeves.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swallow plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one
of several species of fork-tailed ploverlike birds of the genus
<i>Glareola</i>, as <i>G. orientalis</i> of India; a pratincole.</cd>
-- <col><b>Swallow shrike</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one
of several species of East Indian and Asiatic birds of the family
<i>Artamiid&aelig;</i>, allied to the shrikes but similar to swallows
in appearance and habits. The ashy swallow shrike (<i>Artamus
fuscus</i>) is common in India.</cd> -- <col><b>Swallow
warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species
of East Indian and Australian singing birds of the genus
<i>Dic&aelig;um</i>. They are allied to the honeysuckers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swallowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swallowing</u>.] [OE. <i>swolewen</i>, <i>swolwen</i>,
<i>swolhen</i>, AS. <i>swelgan</i>; akin to D. <i>zwelgen</i>, OHG.
<i>swelahan</i>, <i>swelgan</i>, G. <i>schwelgen</i> to feast, to
revel, Icel. <i>svelgia</i> to swallow, SW. <i>sv&auml;lja</i>, Dan.
<i>sv&aelig;lge</i>.  Cf. <u>Groundsel</u> a plant.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take into the stomach; to receive through
the gullet, or esophagus, into the stomach; as, to <i>swallow</i> food
or drink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As if I had <i>swallowed</i> snowballs for
pills.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw into an abyss or gulf; to ingulf;
to absorb -- usually followed by <i>up</i>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth opened her mouth, and <i>swallowed</i> them
up, and their houses.</blockquote> <i>Num. xvi. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To receive or embrace, as opinions or
belief, without examination or scruple; to receive
implicitly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though that story . . . be not so readily
<i>swallowed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To engross; to appropriate; -- usually with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Homer excels . . . in this, that he <i>swallowed</i> up
the honor of those who succeeded him.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To occupy; to take up; to employ.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The necessary provision of the life <i>swallows</i> the
greatest part of their time.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To seize and waste; to exhaust; to
consume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Corruption <i>swallowed</i> what the liberal hand<BR>
Of bounty scattered.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To retract; to recant; as, to
<i>swallow</i> one's opinions.</def> "<i>Swallowed</i> his vows
whole."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To put up with; to bear patiently or
without retaliation; as, to <i>swallow</i> an affront or
insult.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To absorb; imbibe; ingulf; engross; consume. See
<u>Absorb</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Swal"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform the act
of swallowing; as, his cold is so severe he is unable to
<i>swallow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swal"low</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of swallowing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The gullet, or esophagus; the
throat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Taste; relish; inclination; liking.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have no <i>swallow</i> for it.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Capacity for swallowing;
voracity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There being nothing too gross for the <i>swallow</i> of
political rancor.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>As much as is, or can be, swallowed at
once; as, a <i>swallow</i> of water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That which ingulfs; a whirlpool.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swal"low*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
swallows; also, a glutton.</def>  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swal"low*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European sapphirine gurnard (<i>Trigla
hirundo</i>). It has large pectoral fins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swal"low*tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A kind of tenon or tongue used
in making joints. See <u>Dovetail</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of
willow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>An outwork with converging
sides, its head or front forming a re&euml;ntrant angle; -- so called
from its form.  Called also <i>priestcap</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A swallow-tailed coat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This Stultz coat, a blue <i>swallowtail</i>, with
yellow buttons.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An arrow.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of large and handsome butterflies, belonging to Papilio and
allied genera, in which the posterior border of each hind wing is
prolongated in the form of a long lobe.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The black swallowtail, or asterias (see <u>Papilio</u>), the
blue swallowtail, or philenor, the tiger swallowtail, or turnus (see
<u>Turnus</u>), and the zebra swallowtail, or ajax (see under
<u>Zebra</u>) are common American species.  See also
<u>Troilus</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Swal"low-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a tail like that of a swallow; hence,
like a swallow's tail in form; having narrow and tapering or pointed
skirts; as, a <i>swallow-tailed</i> coat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>United by dovetailing;
dovetailed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swallow-tailed duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
old squaw.</cd> -- <col><b>Swallow-tailed gull</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Arctic gull (<i>Xema furcata</i>), which
has a deeply forked tail.</cd> -- <col><b>Swallow-tailed</b></col>
<col><b>hawk or kite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the fork-
tailed kite.</cd> -- <col><b>Swallow-tailed moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European moth (<i>Urapteryx sambucaria</i>)
having tail-like lobes on the hind wings.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swal"low*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>See <u>Celandine</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A poisonous plant (<i>Vincetoxicum
officinale</i>) of the Milkweed family, at one time used in medicine;
-- also called <i>white swallowwort</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>African swallowwort</b></col>, <cd>a plant of the genus
Stapelia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swam</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Swim</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swamp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>swam</i> a
fungus, OD. <i>swam</i> a sponge, D. <i>zwam</i> a fungus, G.
<i>schwamm</i> a sponge, Icel. <i>sv&ouml;ppr</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>swamp</i>, Goth. <i>swamms</i>, Gr. <grk>somfo`s</grk> porous,
spongy.] <def>Wet, spongy land; soft, low ground saturated with water,
but not usually covered with it; marshy ground away from the
seashore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gray <i>swamps</i> and pools, waste places of the
hern.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>swamp</i> differs from a bog and a marsh in
producing trees and shrubs, while the latter produce only herbage,
plants, and mosses.</blockquote> <i>Farming Encyc. (E. Edwards,
Words).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swamp blackbird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Redwing</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp
cabbage</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>skunk cabbage.</cd> --
<col><b>Swamp deer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Asiatic deer
(<i>Rucervus Duvaucelli</i>) of India.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp
hen</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An
Australian azure-breasted bird (<i>Porphyrio bellus</i>); -- called
also <i>goollema</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An Australian water
crake, or rail (<i>Porzana Tabuensis</i>); -- called also <i>little
swamp hen</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The European purple
gallinule.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp honeysuckle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an American shrub (<i>Azalea, or Rhododendron, viscosa</i>)
growing in swampy places, with fragrant flowers of a white color, or
white tinged with rose; -- called also <i>swamp pink</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Swamp hook</b></col>, <cd>a hook and chain used by lumbermen
in handling logs.  Cf. <u>Cant hook</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp
itch</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <i>Prairie itch</i>, under
<u>Prairie</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp laurel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a shrub (<i>Kalmia glauca</i>) having small leaves with the lower
surface glaucous.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp maple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>red maple. See <u>Maple</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp oak</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to several kinds of oak which grow in
swampy places, as swamp Spanish oak (<i>Quercus palustris</i>), swamp
white oak (<i>Q. bicolor</i>), swamp post oak (<i>Q. lyrata</i>).</cd>
-- <col><b>Swamp ore</b></col><cd> <i>(Min.)</i>, bog ore;
limonite.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp partridge</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several Australian game birds of
the genera <i>Synoicus</i> and <i>Excalfatoria</i>, allied to the
European partridges.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp robin</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the chewink.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp
sassafras</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small North American tree of
the genus <i>Magnolia</i> (<i>M. glauca</i>) with aromatic leaves and
fragrant creamy-white blossoms; -- called also <i>sweet bay</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Swamp sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common
North American sparrow (<i>Melospiza Georgiana</i>, or <i>M.
palustris</i>), closely resembling the song sparrow. It lives in low,
swampy places.</cd> -- <col><b>Swamp willow</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Pussy willow</i>, under <u>Pussy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1456 !></p>

<p><hw>Swamp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swamped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swamping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To plunge or sink into a
swamp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To cause (a boat) to become
filled with water; to capsize or sink by whelming with
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To plunge into difficulties and
perils; to overwhelm; to ruin; to wreck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Whig majority of the house of Lords was
<i>swamped</i> by the creation of twelve Tory peers.</blockquote>
<i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Having <i>swamped</i> himself in following the ignis
fatuus of a theory.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swamp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
sink or stick in a swamp; figuratively, to become involved in
insuperable difficulties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become filled with water, as a boat; to
founder; to capsize or sink; figuratively, to be ruined; to be
wrecked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swamp"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of
swamp; like a swamp; low, wet, and spongy; as, <i>swampy</i>
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>swan</i>; akin to
D. <i>zwaan</i>, OHG. <i>swan</i>, G. <i>schwan</i>, Icel.
<i>svanr</i>, Sw. <i>svan</i>, Dan. <i>svane</i>; and perhaps to E.
<i>sound</i> something audible.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of large aquatic
birds belonging to <i>Cygnus</i>, <i>Olor</i>, and allied genera of
the subfamily <i>Cygnin&aelig;</i>. They have a large and strong beak
and a long neck, and are noted for their graceful movements when
swimming. Most of the northern species are white. In literature the
swan was fabled to sing a melodious song, especially at the time of
its death.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The European white, or mute, swan (<i>Cygnus gibbus</i>),
which is most commonly domesticated, bends its neck in an S-shaped
curve. The whistling, or trumpeting, swans of the genus <i>Olor</i> do
not bend the neck in an S-shaped curve, and are noted for their loud
and sonorous cry, due to complex convolutions of the windpipe. To this
genus belong the European whooper, or whistling swan (<i>Olor
cygnus</i>), the American whistling swan (<i>O. Columbianus</i>), and
the trumpeter swan (<i>O. buccinator</i>). The Australian black swan
(<i>Chenopis atrata</i>) is dull black with white on the wings, and
has the bill carmine, crossed with a white band. It is a very graceful
species and is often domesticated. The South American black-necked
swan (<i>Sthenelides melancorypha</i>) is a very beautiful and
graceful species, entirely white, except the head and neck, which are
dark velvety seal-brown. Its bill has a double bright rose-colored
knob.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: An appellation for a sweet singer, or
a poet noted for grace and melody; as Shakespeare is called the
<i>swan</i> of Avon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The constellation
Cygnus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swan goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bird of
India (<i>Cygnopsis cygnoides</i>) resembling both the swan and the
goose.</cd> -- <col><b>Swan shot</b></col>, <cd>a large size of shot
used in fowling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swang</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Swing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swamp</u>.] <def>A
swamp.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swan"herd`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tends or
marks swans; as, the royal <i>swanherd</i> of England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swan"-hop`ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A corruption
of <u>Swan-upping</u>.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swan"i*mote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Forest
Law)</i> <def>See <u>Swainmote</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Swank"ie</hw>, <hw>Swank"y</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. G. <i>schwank</i> flexible, pliant.] <def>An active and clever
young fellow.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swan"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
swan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swan"mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mark of
ownership cut on the bill or swan.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Encyc.
Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swan"ner*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where
swans are bred.</def> "The largest <i>swannery</i> in England."
<i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swan"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Swanlike; as, a
<i>swanny</i> glossiness of the neck.</def>  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swan"pan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Schwanpan</u>.]
<def>The Chinese abacus; a schwanpan.</def>  <i>S. W.
Williams.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Swan's"-down`</hw> (?), or <hw>Swans"-down`</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The down, or fine, soft
feathers, of the swan, used on various articles of dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fine, soft, thick cloth of wool mixed
with silk or cotton; a sort of twilled fustian, like
moleskin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swan's-down cotton</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Cotton
flannel</i>, under <u>Cotton</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swan"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of a swan with the down or the feathers on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A species of soft flannel, thick and
warm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swan"-up`ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yearly
expedition on the Thames to take up young swans and mark them, as by
Companies of Dyers and Vintners; -- called also <i>swan-
hopping</i>.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swapping</u>.] [OE. <i>swappen</i> to strike; cf. E. to
<i>strike</i> a bargain; perh. akin to E. <i>sweep</i>.  Cf.
<u>Swap</u> a blow, <u>Swap</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] [Written
also <i>swop</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike; -- with
<i>off</i>.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] "<i>Swap</i> off his head!"
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exchange (usually two things of the same
kind); to swop.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Miss Edgeworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swap</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fall or descend; to rush
hastily or violently.</def>  <i>C. Richardson (Dict.).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All suddenly she <i>swapt</i> adown to
ground.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat the air, or ply the wings, with a
sweeping motion or noise; to flap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>schwapp</i>, n., a
slap, swap, <i>schwapp</i>, <i>schwapps</i>, interj., slap! smack! and
E. <i>swap</i>, v.t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blow; a stroke.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An exchange; a barter.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swap</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Swap</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Hastily.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sweep</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 12.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sward</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sweard</i> skin,
covering; akin to OFries. <i>swarge</i>, D. <i>zwoord</i>, G.
<i>schwarte</i>, Icel. <i>sv&ouml;r&?;r</i> skin, sward of the earth.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Skin; covering.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The grassy surface of land; that part of
the soil which is filled with the roots of grass; turf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sward</i> was trim as any garden
lawn.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Sward pork</b></col>, <cd>bacon in large fitches.</cd>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sward</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swarded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swarding</u>.] <def>To produce sward upon; to cover, or be covered,
with sward.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sward"-cut`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plow for turning up grass land.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A lawn mower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sward"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
sward.</def>  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sward"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with sward
or grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sware</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Swear</u>.</def> [Obs. or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cophetua <i>sware</i> a royal oath.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarf</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swerve</u>.]
<def>To grow languid; to faint.</def> [Scot.] "To <i>swarf</i> for
very hunger."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarf</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swerve</u>.] <def>The
grit worn away from grindstones in grinding cutlery wet.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swarm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swerve</u>.]
<def>To climb a tree, pole, or the like, by embracing it with the arms
and legs alternately. See <u>Shin</u>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>At the top was placed a piece of money, as a prize for
those who could <i>swarm</i> up and seize it.</blockquote> <i>W.
Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarm</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swarm</i>, AS.
<i>swearm</i>; akin to D. <i>zwerm</i>, G. <i>schwarm</i>, OHG.
<i>swaram</i>, Icel. <i>svarmr</i> a tumult, Sw. <i>sv&auml;rm</i> a
swarm, Dan. <i>sv&aelig;rm</i>, and G. <i>schwirren</i> to whiz, to
buzz, Skr. <i>svar</i> to sound, and perhaps to E. <i>swear</i>.
&radic;177.  Cf. <u>Swerve</u>, <u>Swirl</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A large number or mass of small animals or insects, especially
when in motion.</def> "A deadly <i>swarm</i> of hornets."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, a great number of honeybees
which emigrate from a hive at once, and seek new lodgings under the
direction of a queen; a like body of bees settled permanently in a
hive.</def> "A <i>swarm</i> of bees."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any great number or multitude, as of
people in motion, or sometimes of inanimate objects; as, a
<i>swarm</i> of meteorites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those prodigious <i>swarms</i> that had settled
themselves in every part of it [Italy].</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Multitude; crowd; throng.</p>

<p><hw>Swarm</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swarmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swarming</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To collect, and depart from
a hive by flight in a body; -- said of bees; as, bees <i>swarm</i> in
warm, clear days in summer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To appear or collect in a crowd; to throng
together; to congregate in a multitude.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be crowded; to be thronged with a
multitude of beings in motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every place <i>swarms</i> with soldiers.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To abound; to be filled (with).</def>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To breed multitudes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not so thick <i>swarmed</i> once the soil<BR>
Bedropped with blood of Gorgon.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To crowd or
throng.</def>  <i>Fanshawe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarm"spore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of innumerable minute, motile, reproductive
bodies, produced asexually by certain alg&aelig; and fungi; a
zo&ouml;spore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the minute
flagellate germs produced by the sporulation of a protozoan; -- called
also <i>zo&ouml;spore</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sward.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swart</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swart</i>, AS.
<i>sweart</i> black; akin to OFries, OS. &amp; LG. <i>swart</i>, D.
<i>zwart</i>, G. <i>schwartz</i>, OHG. <i>swarz</i>, Icel.
<i>svarir</i>, Sw. <i>svart</i>, Dan. <i>sort</i>, Goth.
<i>swarts</i>; cf. L. <i>sordes</i> dirt, <i>sordere</i> to be dirty.
Cf. <u>Sordid</u>, <u>Surd</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of a dark
hue; moderately black; swarthy; tawny.</def> "<i>Swart</i>
attendants." <i>Trench.</i> "<i>Swart</i> savage maids."
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A nation strange, with visage
<i>swart</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gloomy; malignant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swart star</b></col>, <cd>the Dog Star; -- so called from
its appearing during the hot weather of summer, which makes swart the
countenance.</cd> [R.] <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swart</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make swart or
tawny; as, to <i>swart</i> a living part.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swart"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The black-backed gull (<i>Larus marinus</i>); -- called also
<i>swarbie</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swarth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Swart;
swarthy.</def> "A <i>swarth</i> complexion."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An apparition of a
person about to die; a wraith.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sward</u>.]
<def>Sward; short grass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grassy <i>swarth</i>, close cropped by nibbling
sheep.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Swath</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swarth"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a swarthy
manner; with a tawny hue; duskily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swarth"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being swarthy; a dusky or dark complexion;
tawniness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swarth"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Swarthiness.</def>
[R.]  <i>Dr. R. Clerke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Swarthier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Swarthiest</u>.] [See <u>Swart</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Being of a dark hue or dusky complexion;
tawny; swart; as, <i>swarthy</i> faces.</def> "A <i>swarthy</i>
Ethiope."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>swarthy</i> hosts would darken all our
plains.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarth"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
swarthy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swart"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Swarthiness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swart"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat swart, dark,
or tawny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swart"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being swart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swart"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Swarthy;
tawny.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swarve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Swerve</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To swerve.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Spenser.
Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To climb.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swash</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Squash</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An oval figure, whose moldings are oblique to the
axis of the work.</def>  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swash plate</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a revolving
circular plate, set obliquely on its shaft, and acting as a cam to
give a reciprocating motion to a rod in a direction parallel to the
shaft.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swash</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swash</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, <u>Squash</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Soft, like
fruit too ripe; swashy.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Pegge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swashing</u>.] [Probably of imitative origin; cf. Sw.
<i>svasska</i> to splash, and, for sense 3, Sw. <i>svassa</i> to
bully, to rodomontade.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dash or flow
noisily, as water; to splash; as, water <i>swashing</i> on a shallow
place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fall violently or noisily.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bluster; to make a great noise; to vapor
or brag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Impulse of water flowing with violence; a dashing or splashing of
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow sound or channel of water lying
within a sand bank, or between a sand bank and the shore, or a bar
over which the sea washes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liquid filth; wash; hog mash.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A blustering noise; a swaggering
behavior.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A swaggering fellow; a swasher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swash"buc`kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bully or
braggadocio; a swaggering, boastful fellow; a swaggerer.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swash"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes a
blustering show of valor or force of arms.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swash"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Swaggering; hectoring.</def> "A <i>swashing</i> and martial
outside."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resounding; crushing.</def>
"<i>Swashing</i> blow."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swash"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as 4th
<u>Swash</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Soft, like fruit
that is too ripe; quashy; swash.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swat</hw> (sw&obreve;t), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sweat</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
swath.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece, pattern, or sample, generally of
cloth.</def>  <i>Halliwell.  Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swate</hw> (sw&amacr;t), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sweat</u>.</def>  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swath</hw> (sw&add;th; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>swa&eth;u</i> a track, trace; akin to D. <i>zwaad</i>, <i>zwad</i>,
<i>zwade</i>, a swath of grass, G. <i>schwad</i>, <i>schwaden</i>;
perhaps, originally, a shred.  Cf. <u>Swathe</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A line of grass or grain cut and
thrown together by the scythe in mowing or cradling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole sweep of a scythe, or the whole
breadth from which grass or grain is cut by a scythe or a machine, in
mowing or cradling; as, to cut a wide <i>swath</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A band or fillet; a swathe.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swath bank</b></col>, <cd>a row of new-mown grass.</cd>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swathe</hw> (sw&amacr;&thlig;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Swathed</u> (sw&amacr;&thlig;d);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Swathing</u>.] [OE.
<i>swathen</i>, AS. <i>swe&eth;ain</i>. See <u>Swath</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Swaddle</u>.] <def>To bind with a
swathe, band, bandage, or rollers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their children are never <i>swathed</i> or bound about
with any thing when they are first born.</blockquote> <i>Abp.
Abbot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swathe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bandage; a band; a
swath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wrapped me in above an hundred yards of
<i>swathe</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Milk and a <i>swathe</i>, at first, his whole
demand.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The solemn glory of the afternoon, with its long
<i>swathes</i> of light between the far off rows of
limes.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Swath</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A device attached to a
mowing machine for raising the uncut fallen grain and marking the
limit of the swath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swat"te</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Sweat</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sway</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swayed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swaying</u>.] [OE. <i>sweyen</i>, Icel. <i>sveigja</i>, akin to E.
<i>swing</i>; cf. D. <i>zwaaijen</i> to wield, swing. See
<u>Swing</u>, and cf. <u>Swag</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move or wield with the hand; to swing; to
wield; as, to <i>sway</i> the scepter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As sparkles from the anvil rise,<BR>
When heavy hammers on the wedge are <i>swayed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To influence or direct by power and
authority; by persuasion, or by moral force; to rule; to govern; to
guide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The will of man is by his reason
<i>swayed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She could not <i>sway</i> her house.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This was the race<BR>
To <i>sway</i> the world, and land and sea subdue.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to incline or swing to one side,
or backward and forward; to bias; to turn; to bend; warp; as, reeds
<i>swayed</i> by wind; judgment <i>swayed</i> by passion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As bowls run true by being made<BR>
On purpose false, and to be <i>swayed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not temporal and little advantages <i>sway</i> you
against a more durable interest.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To hoist; as, to <i>sway</i>
up the yards.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To bias; rule; govern; direct; influence; swing;
move; wave; wield.</p>

<p><! p. 1457 !></p>

<p><hw>Sway</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be drawn to one side by weight or influence; to lean; to
incline.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The balance <i>sways</i> on our part.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move or swing from side to side; or
backward and forward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have weight or influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The example of sundry churches . . . doth <i>sway</i>
much.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bear sway; to rule; to govern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hadst thou <i>swayed</i> as kings should
do.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sway</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of swaying; a swaying motion; the swing or sweep of a
weapon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With huge two-handed <i>sway</i> brandished
aloft.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Influence, weight, or authority that
inclines to one side; as, the <i>sway</i> of desires.</def>  <i>A.
Tucker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Preponderance; turn or cast of
balance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Expert<BR>
When to advance, or stand, or turn the <i>sway</i><BR>
Of battle.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Rule; dominion; control.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When vice prevails, and impious men bear
<i>sway</i>,<BR>
The post of honor is a private station.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A switch or rod used by thatchers to bind
their work.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rule; dominion; power; empire; control; influence;
direction; preponderance; ascendency.</p>

<p><hw>Sway"-backed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
back hollow or sagged, whether naturally or as the result of injury or
weakness; -- said of horses and other animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sway"-bra`cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Engin.)</i>
<def>The horizontal bracing of a bridge, which prevents its
swaying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swayed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bent down, and
hollow in the back; sway-backed; -- said of a horse.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sway"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Able to
sway.</def> [R.]  <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sway"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An injury caused by
violent strains or by overloading; -- said of the backs of
horses.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swealed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swealing</u>.] [OE. <i>swelen</i> to burn, AS. <i>swelan</i>; akin
to G. <i>schwelen</i> to burn slowly, <i>schw&uuml;l</i> sultry, Icel.
<i>sv&aelig;la</i> a thick smoke.] <def>To melt and run down, as the
tallow of a candle; to waste away without feeding the flame.</def>
[Written also <i>swale</i>.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To singe; to scorch;
to swale; as, to <i>sweal</i> a pig by singeing off the
hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swear</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Swore</u> (?), formerly <u>Sware</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Sworn</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Swearing</u>.]
[OE. <i>swerien</i>, AS. <i>swerian</i>; akin to D. <i>zweren</i>, OS.
<i>swerian</i>, OHG. <i>swerien</i>, G. <i>schw&ouml;ren</i>, Icel.
<i>sverja</i>, Sw. <i>sv&auml;rja</i>, Dan. <i>sv&aelig;rge</i>, Icel.
& Sw. <i>svara</i> to answer, Dan. <i>svare</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>svar</i> an answer, Goth. <i>swaran</i> to swear, and perhaps to E.
<i>swarm</i>. &radic;177.  Cf. <u>Answer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To affirm or utter a solemn declaration, with an appeal to God
for the truth of what is affirmed; to make a promise, threat, or
resolve on oath; also, to affirm solemnly by some sacred object, or
one regarded as sacred, as the Bible, the Koran, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall <i>swear</i> by my name falsely.</blockquote>
<i>Lev. xix. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>swear</i> by all the Roman gods.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To give evidence on oath; as,
to <i>swear</i> to the truth of a statement; he <i>swore</i> against
the prisoner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make an appeal to God in an irreverant
manner; to use the name of God or sacred things profanely; to call
upon God in imprecation; to curse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I] <i>swore</i> little; diced not above seven times a
week.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To swear by</b></col>, <cd>to place great confidence in a
person or thing; to trust implicitly as an authority.</cd>  "I simply
meant to ask if you are one of those who <i>swear by</i> Lord
Verulam." <i>Miss Edgeworth.</i> -- <col><b>To swear off</b></col>,
<cd>to make a solemn vow, or a serious resolution, to abstain from
something; as, <i>to swear off</i> smoking.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Swear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
utter or affirm with a solemn appeal to God for the truth of the
declaration; to make (a promise, threat, or resolve) under
oath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Swear</i> unto me here by God, that thou wilt not
deal falsely with me.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxi. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>swore</i> consent to your
succession.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To put to an oath; to cause to
take an oath; to administer an oath to; -- ofetn followed by <i>in</i>
or <i>into</i>; as, to <i>swear</i> witnesses; to <i>swear</i> a jury;
to <i>swear</i> in an officer; he was <i>sworn</i> into
office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To declare or charge upon oath; as, he
<i>swore</i> treason against his friend.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To appeal to by an oath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, by Apollo, king,<BR>
Thou <i>swear'st</i> thy gods in vain.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To swear the peace against one</b></col>, <cd>to make oath
that one is under the actual fear of death or bodily harm from the
person, in which case the person must find sureties that he will keep
the peace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swear"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who swears; one who calls God to witness for the truth of his
declaration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A profane person; one who uses profane
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then the liars and <i>swearers</i> are
fools.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swear"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Swear</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Idle <i>swearing</i> is a cursedness.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sweat</u> or <u>Sweated</u> (Obs. <u>Swat</u> (&?;));
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Sweating</u>.] [OE.
<i>sweten</i>, AS. <i>sw&aelig;tan</i>, fr. <i>sw&amacr;t</i>, n.,
sweat; akin to OFries. &amp; OS. <i>sw&emacr;t</i>, D. <i>zweet</i>, OHG.
<i>sweiz</i>, G. <i>schweiss</i>, Icel. <i>sviti</i>, <i>sveiti</i>,
Sw. <i>svett</i>, Dan. <i>sved</i>, L. <i>sudor</i> sweat,
<i>sudare</i> to sweat, Gr. &?;, &?;, sweat, &?; to sweat, Skr.
<i>sv&emacr;da</i> sweat, <i>svid</i> to sweat. &radic;178.  Cf.
<u>Exude</u>, <u>Sudary</u>, <u>Sudorific</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To excrete sensible moisture from the pores of the skin; to
perspire.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To perspire in toil; to work hard; to
drudge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He 'd have the poets <i>sweat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To emit moisture, as green plants in a
heap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to excrete moisture from the skin; to cause to perspire; as, his
physicians attempted to <i>sweat</i> him by most powerful
sudorifics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To emit or suffer to flow from the pores;
to exude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It made her not a drop for <i>sweat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With exercise she <i>sweat</i> ill humors
out.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unite by heating, after the application
of soldier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To get something advantageous, as money,
property, or labor from (any one), by exaction or oppression; as, to
<i>sweat</i> a spendthrift; to <i>sweat</i> laborers.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To sweat coin</b></col>, <cd>to remove a portion of a piece
of coin, as by shaking it with others in a bag, so that the friction
wears off a small quantity of the metal.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The only use of it [money] which is interdicted is to
put it in circulation again after having diminished its weight by
"<i>sweating</i>", or otherwise, because the quantity of metal
contains is no longer consistent with its impression.</blockquote>
<i>R. Cobden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>swot</i>, AS.
<i>sw&amacr;t</i>. See <u>Sweat</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The fluid which is excreted
from the skin of an animal; the fluid secreted by the sudoriferous
glands; a transparent, colorless, acid liquid with a peculiar odor,
containing some fatty acids and mineral matter; perspiration. See
<u>Perspiration</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>sweat</i> of thy face shalt thou eat
bread.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iii. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of sweating; or the state of one
who sweats; hence, labor; toil; drudgery.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Moisture issuing from any substance; as,
the <i>sweat</i> of hay or grain in a mow or stack.</def>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The sweating sickness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A short run by a race horse
in exercise.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sweat box</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a small closet in
which refractory men are confined.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweat
glands</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>sudoriferous glands. See under
<u>Sudoriferous</u>.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Sweat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sweats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, causes to
sweat</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sudorific.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A woolen jacket or jersey worn by
athletes.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An employer who oppresses his
workmen by paying low wages.</def> [Slang]
</p>

<p><hw>Sweat"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a sweaty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweat"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being sweaty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweat"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Sweat</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Sweating bath</b></col>, <cd>a bath producing sensible
sweat; a stove or sudatory.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweating house</b></col>,
<cd>a house for sweating persons in sickness.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweating
iron</b></col>, <cd>a kind of knife, or a piece of iron, used to
scrape off sweat, especially from horses; a horse scraper.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweating room</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A room for
sweating persons.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Dairying)</i> <cd>A
room for sweating cheese and carrying off the superfluous juices.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sweating sickness</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a febrile
epidemic disease which prevailed in some countries of Europe, but
particularly in England, in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries,
characterized by profuse sweating. Death often occured in a few
hours.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sweat"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Sweatier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sweatiest</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Moist with sweat; as, a <i>sweaty</i> skin; a <i>sweaty</i>
garment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of sweat; of the nature of
sweat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No noisome whiffs or <i>sweaty</i>
streams.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Causing sweat; hence, laborious; toilsome;
difficult.</def> "The <i>sweaty</i> forge."  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swede</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>Schwede</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of Sweden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Swedish turnip. See under
<u>Turnip</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swe`den*bor"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
holds the doctrines of the New Jerusalem church, as taught by Emanuel
<i>Swedenborg</i>, a Swedish philosopher and religious writer, who was
born <u>a. d.</u> 1688 and died 1772. Swedenborg claimed to have
intercourse with the spiritual world, through the opening of his
spiritual senses in 1745. He taught that the Lord Jesus Christ, as
comprehending in himself all the fullness of the Godhead, is the one
only God, and that there is a spiritual sense to the Scriptures, which
he (Swedenborg) was able to reveal, because he saw the correspondence
between natural and spiritual things.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swe`den*bor"gi*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Swedenborg or his views.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swe`den*bor"gi*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrines of the Swedenborgians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swed"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>schwedisch</i>, Sw. <i>svensk</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Sweden
or its inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swedish turnip</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Turnip</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swed"ish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of
Swedes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swee"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An
atrophy of the muscles of the shoulder in horses; also, atrophy of any
muscle in horses.</def> [Written also <i>swinney</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Sweep</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swept</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sweeping</u>.] [OE. <i>swepen</i>; akin to AS. <i>sw&amacr;pan</i>.
See <u>Swoop</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass a broom across (a surface) so as to remove loose dirt, dust,
etc.; to brush, or rub over, with a broom for the purpose of cleaning;
as, to <i>sweep</i> a floor, the street, or a chimney. Used also
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>sweep</i> it with the besom of
destruction.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xiv. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive or carry along or off with a broom
or a brush, or as if with a broom; to remove by, or as if by,
brushing; as, to <i>sweep</i> dirt from a floor; the wind
<i>sweeps</i> the snow from the hills; a freshet <i>sweeps</i> away a
dam, timber, or rubbish; a pestilence <i>sweeps</i> off
multitudes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hail shall <i>sweep</i> away the refuge of
lies.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxviii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have already <i>swept</i> the stakes.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To brush against or over; to rub lightly
along.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their long descending train,<BR>
With rubies edged and sapphires, <i>swept</i> the plain.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To carry with a long, swinging, or dragging
motion; hence, to carry in a stately or proud fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And like a peacock <i>sweep</i> along his
tail.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To strike with a long stroke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wake into voice each silent string,<BR>
And <i>sweep</i> the sounding lyre.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To draw or drag something
over; as, to <i>sweep</i> the bottom of a river with a net.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To pass over, or traverse, with the eye or
with an instrument of observation; as, to <i>sweep</i> the heavens
with a telescope.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To sweep, or sweep up</b></col>, <col><b>a mold</b></col>
<i>(Founding)</i>, <cd>to form the sand into a mold by a templet,
instead of compressing it around the pattern.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sweep</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To clean rooms, yards, etc., or to clear away dust, dirt, litter,
etc., with a broom, brush, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To brush swiftly over the surface of
anything; to pass with switness and force, as if brushing the surface
of anything; to move in a stately manner; as, the wind <i>sweeps</i>
across the plain; a woman <i>sweeps</i> through a drawing-
room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass over anything comprehensively; to
range through with rapidity; as, his eye <i>sweeps</i> through
space.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweep</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of sweeping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The compass or range of a stroke; as, a
long <i>sweep</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The compass of any turning body or of any
motion; as, the <i>sweep</i> of a door; the <i>sweep</i> of the
eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The compass of anything flowing or
brushing; as, the flood carried away everything within its
<i>sweep</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Violent and general destruction; as, the
<i>sweep</i> of an epidemic disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Direction and extent of any motion not
rectlinear; as, the <i>sweep</i> of a compass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Direction or departure of a curve, a road,
an arch, or the like, away from a rectlinear line.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The road which makes a small <i>sweep</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>One who sweeps; a sweeper; specifically, a
chimney sweeper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A movable templet for
making molds, in loam molding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
mold of a ship when she begins to curve in at the rungheads; any part
of a ship shaped in a segment of a circle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A large oar used in small vessels, partly to propel them and
partly to steer them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Refining)</i> <def>The almond
furnace.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A long pole, or piece of timber, moved on
a horizontal fulcrum fixed to a tall post and used to raise and lower
a bucket in a well for drawing water.</def> [Variously written
<i>swape</i>, <i>sweep</i>, <i>swepe</i>, and <i>swipe</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>In the game of
casino, a pairing or combining of all the cards on the board, and so
removing them all; in whist, the winning of all the tricks (thirteen)
in a hand; a slam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The sweeping of workshops where
precious metals are worked, containing filings, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sweep net</b></col>, <cd>a net for drawing over a large
compass.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweep of the tiller</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a circular frame on which the tiller traverses.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The crop of hay
got in a meadow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sweep"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, sweeps, or cleans by sweeping; a sweep; as, a carpet
<i>sweeper</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is oxygen which is the great <i>sweeper</i> of the
economy.</blockquote> <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cleaning off
surfaces, or cleaning away dust, dirt, or litter, as a broom does;
moving with swiftness and force; carrying everything before it;
including in its scope many persons or things; as, a <i>sweeping</i>
flood; a <i>sweeping</i> majority; a <i>sweeping</i> accusation.</def>
-- <wf>Sweep"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
<wf>Sweep"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
</p>

<p><hw>Sweep"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Things
collected by sweeping; rubbish; as, the <i>sweepings</i> of a
street.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"-saw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bow-
saw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"stake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A winning of all the stakes or prizes.</def>  <i>Heylin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A complete removal or carrying away; a
clean sweep.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"stakes`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A winning of all the stakes or prizes; a sweepstake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <pos><i>sing. or pl.</i></pos> <def>The whole
money or other things staked at a horse race, a given sum being put up
for each horse, all of which goes to the winner, or is divided among
several, as may be previously agreed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A race for all the sums staked or prizes
offered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"wash`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
extracts the residuum of precious metals from the sweepings,
potsherds, etc., of refineries of gold and silver, or places where
these metals are used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweep"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moving with a
sweeping motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The branches bend before their <i>sweepy</i>
away.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1458 !></p>

<p><hw>Sweet</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Sweeter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Sweetest</u>.] [OE.
<i>swete</i>, <i>swote</i>, <i>sote</i>, AS. <i>sw&emacr;te</i>; akin
to OFries. <i>sw&emacr;te</i>, OS. <i>sw&omacr;ti</i>, D. <i>zoet</i>,
G. <i>s&uuml;ss</i>, OHG. <i>suozi</i>, Icel. <i>s&aelig;tr</i>,
<i>s&oelig;tr</i>, Sw. <i>s&ouml;t</i>, Dan. <i>s&ouml;d</i>, Goth.
<i>suts</i>, L. <i>suavis</i>, for <i>suadvis</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr.
<i>sv&amacr;du</i> sweet, <i>svad</i>, <i>sv&amacr;d</i>, to sweeten.
&radic;175.  Cf. <u>Assuage</u>, <u>Suave</u>, <u>Suasion</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having an agreeable taste or flavor such as
that of sugar; saccharine; -- opposed to <i>sour</i> and
<i>bitter</i>; as, a <i>sweet</i> beverage; <i>sweet</i> fruits;
<i>sweet</i> oranges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing to the smell; fragrant; redolent;
balmy; as, a <i>sweet</i> rose; <i>sweet</i> odor; <i>sweet</i>
incense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The breath of these flowers is <i>sweet</i> to
me.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing to the ear; soft; melodious;
harmonious; as, the <i>sweet</i> notes of a flute or an organ;
<i>sweet</i> music; a <i>sweet</i> voice; a <i>sweet</i>
singer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To make his English <i>sweet</i> upon his
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A voice <i>sweet</i>, tremulous, but
powerful.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pleasing to the eye; beautiful; mild and
attractive; fair; as, a <i>sweet</i> face; a <i>sweet</i> color or
complexion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sweet</i> interchange<BR>
Of hill and valley, rivers, woods, and plains.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fresh; not salt or brackish; as,
<i>sweet</i> water.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not changed from a sound or wholesome
state. Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Not sour; as, <i>sweet</i>
milk or bread. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Not state; not putrescent or
putrid; not rancid; as, <i>sweet</i> butter; <i>sweet</i> meat or
fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Plaesing to the mind; mild; gentle; calm;
amiable; winning; presuasive; as, <i>sweet</i> manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Canst thou bind the <i>sweet</i> influence of
Pleiades?</blockquote> <i>Job xxxviii. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mildness and <i>sweet</i> reasonableness is the one
established rule of Christian working.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Sweet</i> is often used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>sweet</i>-blossomed, <i>sweet</i>-
featured, <i>sweet</i>-smelling, <i>sweet</i>-tempered, <i>sweet</i>-
toned, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Sweet alyssum</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Alyssum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet apple</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any apple of sweet flavor.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <u>Sweet-top</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet
bay</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The laurel
(<i>laurus nobilis</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Swamp
sassafras.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet calabash</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a plant of the genus <i>Passiflora</i> (<i>P. maliformis</i>)
growing in the West Indies, and producing a roundish, edible fruit,
the size of an apple.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet cicely</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Either of the North American
plants of the umbelliferous genus <i>Osmorrhiza</i> having aromatic
roots and seeds, and white flowers.</cd> <i>Gray.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A plant of the genus <i>Myrrhis</i> (<i>M.
odorata</i>) growing in England.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet
calamus</b></col>, or <col><b>Sweet cane</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Same as <i>Sweet flag</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet
Cistus</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an evergreen shrub (<i>Cistus
Ladanum</i>) from which the gum ladanum is obtained.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweet clover</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Melilot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet coltsfoot</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of butterbur (<i>Petasites sagittata</i>)
found in Western North America.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet corn</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a variety of the maize of a sweet taste. See the
Note under <u>Corn</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet fern</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small North American shrub (<i>Comptonia, or
Myrica, asplenifolia</i>) having sweet-scented or aromatic leaves
resembling fern leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet flag</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an endogenous plant (<i>Acorus Calamus</i>) having
long flaglike leaves and a rootstock of a pungent aromatic taste. It
is found in wet places in Europe and America. See <u>Calamus</u>,
2.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet gale</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrub
(<i>Myrica Gale</i>) having bitter fragrant leaves; -- also called
<i>sweet willow</i>, and <i>Dutch myrtle</i>. See 5th
<u>Gale</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>holy, or Seneca, grass.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet gum</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American tree (<i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i>).
See <u>Liquidambar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet herbs</b></col>,
<cd>fragrant herbs cultivated for culinary purposes.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweet John</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a variety of the sweet
William.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>horse
sugar.  See under <u>Horse</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet
marjoram</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Marjoram</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweet marten</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the pine
marten.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet maudlin</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
composite plant (<i>Achillea Ageratum</i>) allied to milfoil.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweet oil</b></col>, <cd>olive oil.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet
pea</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Pea</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweet potato</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Potato</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet rush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>sweet flag.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet spirits of niter</b></col>
<i>(Med. Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Spirit of nitrous ether</i>, under
<u>Spirit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet sultan</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an annual composite plant (<i>Centaurea moschata</i>), also, the
yellow-flowered (<i>C. odorata</i>); -- called also <i>sultan
flower</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sweet tooth</b></col>, <cd>an especial
fondness for sweet things or for sweetmeats.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>Sweet William</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>A species of pink (<i>Dianthus barbatus</i>) of many
varieties.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>The willow
warbler.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>The European
goldfinch; -- called also <i>sweet Billy</i>.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Sweet willow</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>sweet gale.</cd> --
<col><b>Sweet wine</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Dry wine</i>, under
<u>Dry</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To be sweet on</b></col>, <cd>to have a
particular fondness for, or special interest in, as a young man for a
young woman.</cd> [Colloq.] <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sugary; saccharine; dulcet; luscious.</p>

<p><hw>Sweet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which is sweet to the taste; -- used chiefly in the
plural.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Confectionery,
sweetmeats, preserves, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Home-made
wines, cordials, metheglin, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is sweet or pleasant in odor; a
perfume.</def> "A wilderness of <i>sweets</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is pleasing or grateful to the
mind; as, the <i>sweets</i> of domestic life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A little bitter mingled in our cup leaves no relish of
the <i>sweet</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who is dear to another; a darling; -- a
term of endearment.</def> "Wherefore frowns my <i>sweet</i>?"  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweet</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Sweetly.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sweeten.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"bread`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Either the thymus gland or the pancreas, the former being called
<i>neck, or throat, sweetbread</i>, the latter <i>belly
sweetbread</i>. The sweetbreads of ruminants, esp. of the calf, are
highly esteemed as food. See <u>Pancreas</u>, and
<u>Thymus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The pancreas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"-breast`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
sweet, musical voice, as the nightingale.  Cf. <u>Breast</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sweet"bri`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A kind of rose (<i>Rosa rubiginosa</i>) with minutely glandular
and fragrant foliage. The small-flowered sweetbrier is <i>Rosa
micrantha</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sweetened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sweetening</u>.] [See <u>Sweet</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make sweet to the taste; as, to
<i>sweeten</i> tea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make pleasing or grateful to the mind or
feelings; as, to <i>sweeten</i> life; to <i>sweeten</i>
friendship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make mild or kind; to soften; as, to
<i>sweeten</i> the temper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To make less painful or laborious; to
relieve; as, to <i>sweeten</i> the cares of life.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>sweeten</i> every secret tear.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To soften to the eye; to make
delicate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Correggio has made his memory immortal by the strength
he has given to his figures, and by <i>sweetening</i> his lights and
shadows, and melting them into each other.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To make pure and salubrious by destroying
noxious matter; as, to <i>sweeten</i> rooms or apartments that have
been infected; to <i>sweeten</i> the air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To make warm and fertile; -- opposed to
<i>sour</i>; as, to dry and <i>sweeten</i> soils.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To restore to purity; to free from taint;
as, to <i>sweeten</i> water, butter, or meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
sweet.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or
that which, sweetens; one who palliates; that which moderates
acrimony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of making sweet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which sweetens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"heart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lover of
mistress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"heart`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Making
love.</def> "To play at <i>sweethearting</i>."  <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sweet apple.</def>  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A darling; -- a word of endearment.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
sweet.</def> -- <wf>Sweet"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sw&emacr;tlice</i>.] <def>In a sweet manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"meat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fruit preserved with sugar, as peaches, pears, melons, nuts,
orange peel, etc.; -- usually in the plural; a confect; a
confection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The paint used in making patent
leather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A boat shell
(<i>Crepidula fornicata</i>) of the American coast.</def> [Local,
U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sweet"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sw&emacr;tness</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being sweet (in
any sense of the adjective); gratefulness to the taste or to the
smell; agreeableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Licorice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"-scent`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
sweet scent or smell; fragrant.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sweet-scented shrub</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrub of
the genus <i>Calycanthus</i>, the flowers of which, when crushed, have
a fragrance resembling that of strawberries.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"-sop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of custard apple (<i>Anona squamosa</i>). See under
<u>Custard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A variety of white grape, having a sweet watery juice; -- also
called <i>white sweetwater</i>, and <i>white muscadine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name for two tropical American weeds (<i>Capraria biflora</i>, and
<i>Scoparia dulcis</i>) of the Figwort family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The true laurel (<i>Laurus
nobilis</i>.)</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The timber of the tree
<i>Oreodaphne Leucoxylon</i>, growing in Jamaica. The name is also
applied to the timber of several other related trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweet"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any plant of a
sweet taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sweigh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sway;
movement.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swein"mote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Swainmote</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Swelled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Swelled</u> or
<u>Swollen</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swelling</u>.] [AS. <i>swellan</i>; akin to D. <i>zwellen</i>, OS.
& OHG. <i>swellan</i>, G. <i>schwellen</i>, Icel. <i>svella</i>, Sw.
<i>sv&auml;lla</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grow larger; to dilate
or extend the exterior surface or dimensions, by matter added within,
or by expansion of the inclosed substance; as, the legs <i>swell</i>
in dropsy; a bruised part <i>swells</i>; a bladder <i>swells</i> by
inflation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To increase in size or extent by any
addition; to increase in volume or force; as, a river <i>swells</i>,
and overflows its banks; sounds <i>swell</i> or diminish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rise or be driven into waves or billows;
to heave; as, in tempest, the ocean <i>swells</i> into
waves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be puffed up or bloated; as, to
<i>swell</i> with pride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>swell</i> at the tartan, as the bull is said to
do at scarlet.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be inflated; to belly; as, the sails
<i>swell</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To be turgid, bombastic, or extravagant;
as, <i>swelling</i> words; a <i>swelling</i> style.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To protuberate; to bulge out; as, a cask
<i>swells</i> in the middle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To be elated; to rise arrogantly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your equal mind yet <i>swells</i> not into
state.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To grow upon the view; to become larger; to
expand.</def> "Monarchs to behold the <i>swelling</i> scene!"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To become larger in amount; as, many
little debts added, <i>swell</i> to a great amount.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To act in a pompous, ostentatious, or
arrogant manner; to strut; to look big.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here he comes, <i>swelling</i> like a turkey
cock.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swell</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
increase the size, bulk, or dimensions of; to cause to rise, dilate,
or increase; as, rains and dissolving snow <i>swell</i> the rivers in
spring; immigration <i>swells</i> the population.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The Church] <i>swells</i> her high, heart-cheering
tone.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To aggravate; to heighten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is low ebb with his accuser when such peccadilloes
are put to <i>swell</i> the charge.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To raise to arrogance; to puff up; to
inflate; as, to be <i>swelled</i> with pride or haughtiness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To augment gradually in force
or loudness, as the sound of a note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of swelling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Gradual increase.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Increase or augmentation in bulk;
protuberance.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Increase in height;
elevation; rise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Little River affords navigation during a <i>swell</i>
to within three miles of the Miami.</blockquote> <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Increase of force, intensity, or volume of
sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Music arose with its voluptuous
<i>swell</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Increase of power in style, or of
rhetorical force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>swell</i> and subsidence of his
periods.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gradual ascent, or rounded elevation, of
land; as, an extensive plain abounding with little
<i>swells</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A wave, or billow; especially, a succession
of large waves; the roll of the sea after a storm; as, a heavy
<i>swell</i> sets into the harbor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>swell</i><BR>
Of the long waves that roll in yonder bay.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gigantic <i>swells</i> and billows of the
snow.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A gradual increase and
decrease of the volume of sound; the crescendo and diminuendo
combined; -- generally indicated by the sign.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A showy, dashing person; a dandy.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Ground swell</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ground</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Organ swell</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a certain number of
pipes inclosed in a box, the uncovering of which by means of a pedal
produces increased sound.</cd> -- <col><b>Swell shark</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small shark (<i>Scyllium ventricosum</i>)
of the west coast of North America, which takes in air when caught,
and swells up like a swellfish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swell</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
characteristics of a person of rank and importance; showy; dandified;
distinguished; as, a <i>swell</i> person; a <i>swell</i>
neighborhood.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Swell mob</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Mob</u>.</cd>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Swell"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>People of rank
and fashion; the class of swells, collectively.</def> [Jocose]</p>

<p><hw>Swell"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any plectognath fish that dilates itself, as the bur fish,
puffer, or diodon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swell"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of that which swells; as, the <i>swelling</i> of rivers
in spring; the <i>swelling</i> of the breast with pride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rise to the <i>swelling</i> of the voiceless
sea.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A protuberance; a prominence</def>;
especially <i>(Med.)</i>, <def>an unnatural prominence or
protuberance; as, a scrofulous <i>swelling</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The superficies of such plates are not even, but have
many cavities and <i>swellings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swell"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dandified;
stylish.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Swell"toad`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A swellfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swelt</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Swell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swelt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swelten</i> to die,
to swoon or faint, AS. <i>sweltan</i> to die; akin to OD.
<i>swelten</i> to hunger, to fail, OS. <i>sweltan</i> to die, Icel.
<i>svelta</i> to die, to hunger, Sw. <i>sv&auml;lta</i> to hunger,
Dan. <i>sulte</i>, Goth. <i>sviltan</i> to die.  Cf. <u>Swelter</u>,
<u>Sweltry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To die; to perish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To faint; to swoon.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Night she <i>swelt</i> for passing joy.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swelt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To overpower, as with
heat; to cause to faint; to swelter.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sweltered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sweltering</u>.] [From <u>Swelt</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be overcome and faint with heat; to be
ready to perish with heat.</def> "<i>Sweltered</i> cattle."
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To welter; to soak.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swel"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To oppress with heat.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exude, like sweat.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swel"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Swelter</u>,
<u>Swelt</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Sultry</u>.]
<def>Suffocating with heat; oppressively hot; sultry.</def> [R.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swel"ve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
swallow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swept</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Sweep</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swerd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sward</u>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swerd</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sword.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swerve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swerved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swerving</u>.] [OE. <i>swerven</i>, AS. <i>sweorfan</i> to wipe
off, to file, to polish; akin to OFries. <i>swerva</i> to creep, D.
<i>zwerven</i> to swerve, to rope, OS. <i>swerban</i> to wipe off,
MHG. <i>swerben</i> to be whirled, OHG. <i>swerban</i> to wipe off,
Icel. <i>sverfa</i> to file, Goth. <i>swa&iacute;rban</i> (in comp.)
to wipe, and perhaps to E. <i>swarm</i>.  Cf. <u>Swarm</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stray; to wander; to rope.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A maid thitherward did run,<BR>
To catch her sparrow which from her did <i>swerve</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go out of a straight line; to
deflect.</def> "The point [of the sword] <i>swerved</i>."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wander from any line prescribed, or from
a rule or duty; to depart from what is established by law, duty,
custom, or the like; to deviate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>swerve</i> not from thy commandments.</blockquote>
<i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>swerve</i> from the strict letter of the
law.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many who, through the contagion of evil example,
<i>swerve</i> exceedingly from the rules of their holy
religion.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To bend; to incline.</def> "The battle
<i>swerved</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To climb or move upward by winding or
turning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tree was high;<BR>
Yet nimbly up from bough to bough I <i>swerved</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swerve</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn aside.</def>
<i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swe"ven</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>swefen</i>
sleep, dream; akin to <i>swebban</i>, <i>swefian</i>, to put to sleep,
to kill. &radic;176. See <u>Somnolent</u>.] <def>A vision seen in
sleep; a dream.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wycliff (Acts ii. 17).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I defy both <i>sweven</i> and dream.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swich</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Such</u>.]
<def>Such.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Swich</i> things as that I know I will
declare.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Swie*te"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named after
Gerard Van <i>Sweiten</i>, physician to Maria Theresa of Austria.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of meliaceous trees consisting of one
species (<i>Sweitenia Mahogoni</i>), the mahogany tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swift</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Swifter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Swiftest</u>.] [AS.
<i>swift</i>; akin to <i>sw&amacr;pan</i> to sweep, <i>swipu</i> a
whip; cf. <i>sw&imacr;fan</i> to move quickly, to revolve. See
<u>Swoop</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Swivel</u>,
<u>Squib</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving a great distance in a
short time; moving with celerity or velocity; fleet; rapid; quick;
speedy; prompt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My beloved brethren, let every man be <i>swift</i> to
hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath.</blockquote> <i>James i.
19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Swift</i> of dispatch and easy of
access.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And bring upon themselves <i>swift</i>
destruction.</blockquote> <i>2 Pet. ii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of short continuance; passing away
quickly.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Swift</i> is often used in the formation of compounds
which are generally self-explaining; as, <i>swift</i>-darting,
<i>swift</i>-footed, <i>swift</i>-winged, etc.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Quick; fleet; speedy; rapid; expeditious.</p>

<p><hw>Swift</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Swiftly.</def> [Obs. or
Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ply <i>swift</i> and strong the oar.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swift</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
current of a stream.</def> [R.]  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of small, long-winged, insectivorous birds of the family
<i>Micropodid&aelig;</i>. In form and habits the swifts resemble
swallows, but they are destitute of complex vocal muscles and are not
singing birds, but belong to a widely different group allied to the
humming birds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European swift (<i>Cypselus, or Micropus,
apus</i>) nests in church steeples and under the tiles of roofs, and
is noted for its rapid flight and shrill screams. It is called also
<i>black martin</i>, <i>black swift</i>, <i>hawk swallow</i>, <i>devil
bird</i>, <i>swingdevil</i>, <i>screech martin</i>, and <i>shreik
owl</i>. The common American, or chimney, swift (<i>Ch&aelig;tura
pelagica</i>) has sharp rigid tips to the tail feathers. It attaches
its nest to the inner walls of chimneys, and is called also <i>chimney
swallow</i>. The Australian swift (<i>Ch&aelig;tura caudacuta</i>)
also has sharp naked tips to the tail quills. The European Alpine
swift (<i>Cypselus melba</i>) is whitish beneath, with a white band
across the breast. The common Indian swift is <i>Cypselus affinis</i>.
See also <i>Palm swift</i>, under <u>Palm</u>, and <i>Tree swift</i>,
under <u>Tree</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of lizards, as the pine lizard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ghost moth. See
under <u>Ghost</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Cf. <u>Swivel</u>.] <def>A reel, or turning
instrument, for winding yarn, thread, etc.; -- used chiefly in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The main card cylinder of a flax-carding
machine.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1459 !></p>

<p><hw>Swift"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Swivel</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A rope used to retain the bars
of the capstan in their sockets while men are turning it.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A rope used to encircle a boat
longitudinally, to strengthen and defend her sides.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The forward shroud of a lower mast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swift"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
tighten, as slack standing rigging, by bringing the opposite shrouds
nearer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swift"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nimble;
fleet.</def>  <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swift"foot`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The courser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swift"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of small East Indian and Asiatic
swifts of the genus <i>Collocalia</i>. Some of the species are noted
for furnishing the edible bird's nest. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Edible</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swift"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a swift manner;
with quick motion or velocity; fleetly.</def>  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swift"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being swift; speed; quickness; celerity; velocity; rapidity; as,
the <i>swiftness</i> of a bird; the <i>swiftness</i> of a stream;
<i>swiftness</i> of descent in a falling body; <i>swiftness</i> of
thought, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swig</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>zwelgen</i>
to swallow, E. <i>swallow</i>, v.t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drink
in long draughts; to gulp; as, to <i>swig</i> cider.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suck.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>The lambkins <i>swig</i> the teat.</blockquote>
<i>Creech.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long
draught.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A tackle with ropes which
are not parallel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A beverage consisting of warm beer flavored
with spices, lemon, etc.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E. <i>swig</i> to
leak out, AS. <i>sw&imacr;jian</i> to be silent, <i>sw&imacr;can</i>
to evade, escape.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To castrate, as a ram, by
binding the testicles tightly with a string, so that they mortify and
slough off.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To pull upon (a tackle) by
throwing the weight of the body upon the fall between the block and a
cleat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swilling</u>.] [OE. <i>swilen</i> to wash, AS. <i>swilian</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wash; to drench.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As fearfully as doth a galled rock<BR>
O'erhang and jutty his confounded base,<BR>
<i>Swilled</i> with the wild and wasteful ocean.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Properly, to drink like a pig. See
<u>Swill</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To drink in great draughts;
to swallow greedily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well-dressed people, of both sexes, . . . devouring
sliced beef, and <i>swilling</i> pork, and punch, and
cider.</blockquote> <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To inebriate; to fill with drink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I should be loth<BR>
To meet the rudeness and <i>swilled</i> insolence<BR>
Of such late wassailers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To drink greedily or
swinishly; to drink to excess.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
wash, or mixture of liquid substances, given to swine; hogwash; --
called also <i>swillings</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Large draughts of liquor; drink taken in
excessive quantities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swill"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
swills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swill"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Swill</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Swam</u> (?) or <u>Swum</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Swum</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Swimming</u>.] [AS.
<i>swimman</i>; akin to D. <i>zwemmen</i>, OHG. <i>swimman</i>, G.
<i>schwimmen</i>, Icel. <i>svimma</i>, Dan. <i>sw&ouml;mme</i>, Sw.
<i>simma</i>.  Cf. <u>Sound</u> an air bladder, a strait.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be supported by water or other fluid; not
to sink; to float; as, any substance will <i>swim</i>, whose specific
gravity is less than that of the fluid in which it is
immersed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move progressively in water by means of
strokes with the hands and feet, or the fins or the tail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Leap in with me into this angry flood,<BR>
And <i>swim</i> to yonder point.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be overflowed or drenched.</def>  <i>Ps.
vi. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sudden the ditches swell, the meadows
<i>swim</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To be as if borne or floating in a
fluid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] now <i>swim</i> in joy.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be filled with swimming animals.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[Streams] that <i>swim</i> full of small
fishes.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swim</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pass or move over or on by swimming; as, to <i>swim</i> a
stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes he thought to <i>swim</i> the stormy
main.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause or compel to swim; to make to
float; as, to <i>swim</i> a horse across a river.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To immerse in water that the lighter parts
may float; as, to <i>swim</i> wheat in order to select seed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of swimming; a gliding motion, like that of one swimming.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sound, or air bladder, of a
fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A part of a stream much frequented by
fish.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Swim bladder</b></col>, <cd>an air bladder of a fish.</cd>
-- <col><b>To be in the swim</b></col>, <cd>to be in a favored
position; to be associated with others in active affairs.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Swim</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swime</i> dizziness,
vertigo, AS. <i>sw&imacr;ma</i>; akin to D. <i>zwijm</i>, Icel.
<i>svimi</i> dizziness, <i>svina</i> to subside, <i>sv&imacr;a</i> to
abate, G. <i>schwindel</i> dizziness, <i>schwinden</i> to disappear,
to dwindle, OHG. <i>sw&imacr;nan</i> to dwindle.  Cf. <u>Squemish</u>,
<u>Swindler</u>.] <def>To be dizzy; to have an unsteady or reeling
sensation; as, the head <i>swims</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim"bel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A moaning or sighing sound or noise; a sough.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swim"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who swims.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A protuberance on the leg of
a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A swimming bird; one of
the natatores.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Little swimmer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
phalarope.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swim"mer*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a series of flat, fringed, and usually bilobed,
appendages, of which several pairs occur on the abdominal somites of
many crustaceans. They are used as fins in swimming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim"ming</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That swims; capable of swimming; adapted to, or used in,
swimming; as, a <i>swimming</i> bird; a <i>swimming</i>
motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suffused with moisture; as, <i>swimming</i>
eyes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swimming bell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
nectocalyx. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Siphonophora</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Swimming crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of marine crabs, as those of the family
<i>Protunid&aelig;</i>, which have some of the joints of one or more
pairs of legs flattened so as to serve as fins.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swim"ming</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
swims.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim"ming</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Swim</u> to be
dizzy.] <def>Being in a state of vertigo or dizziness; as, a
<i>swimming</i> brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim"ming</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vertigo; dizziness;
as, a <i>swimming</i> in the head.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swim"ming*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an easy,
gliding manner, as if swimming; smoothly; successfully;
prosperously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swim"ming*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act or state of
swimming; suffusion.</def> "A <i>swimmingness</i> in the eye."
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swinck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Swink</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swin"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swindled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swindling</u> (?).] [See <u>Swindler</u>.] <def>To cheat defraud
grossly, or with deliberate artifice; as, to <i>swindle</i> a man out
of his property.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lammote . . . has <i>swindled</i> one of them out of
three hundred livres.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
swindling; a cheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swin"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>schwindler</i>,
fr. <i>schwindlen</i> to be dizzy, to act thoughtlessly, to cheat, fr.
<i>schwindel</i> dizziness, fr. <i>schwinden</i> to vanish, to
disappear, to dwindle. See <u>Swim</u> to be dizzy.] <def>One who
swindles, or defrauds grossly; one who makes a practice of defrauding
others by imposition or deliberate artifice; a cheat.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sharper; rogue.  -- <u>Swindler</u>, <u>Sharper</u>.
These words agree in describing persons who take unfair advantages. A
<i>swindler</i> is one who obtains money or goods under false
pretenses. A <i>sharper</i> is one who cheats by sharp practice, as in
playing at cards or staking what he can not pay.</p>

<p><blockquote>Fraud and injustice soon follow, and the dignity of the
British merchant is sunk in the scandalous appellation of a
<i>swindler</i>.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps you 'll think I act the same<BR>
As a sly <i>sharper</i> plays his game.</blockquote>
<i>Cotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"dler*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Swindling;
rougery.</def> [R.] "<i>Swindlery</i> and blackguardism."
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>swin</i>, AS. <i>sw&imacr;n</i>; akin to OFries. &amp; OS. <i>swin</i>,
D. <i>zwijn</i>, G. <i>schwein</i>, OHG. <i>sw&imacr;n</i>, Icel.
<i>sv&imacr;n</i>, Sw. <i>svin</i>, Dan. <i>sviin</i>, Goth.
<i>swein</i>; originally a diminutive corresponding to E. <i>sow</i>.
See <u>Sow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
animal of the hog kind, especially one of the domestical species.
Swine secrete a large amount of subcutaneous fat, which, when
extracted, is known as <i>lard</i>. The male is specifically called
<i>boar</i>, the female, <i>sow</i>, and the young, <i>pig</i>. See
<u>Hog</u>.</def> "A great herd of <i>swine</i>."  <i>Mark v.
11.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swine grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>knotgrass
(<i>Polygonum aviculare</i>); -- so called because eaten by
swine.</cd> -- <col><b>Swine oat</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind
of oat sometimes grown for swine.</cd> -- <col><b>Swine's
cress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of cress of the genus
<i>Senebiera</i> (<i>S. Coronopus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Swine's
head</b></col>, <cd>a dolt; a blockhead.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -
- <col><b>Swine thistle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the sow
thistle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swine"bread`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The truffle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swine"case`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hogsty.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swine"cote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hogsty.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swine"crue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Swine</i> +
Prov. E. <i>crue</i> a coop.] <def>A hogsty.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swine"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The wolf fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swine"herd`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A keeper of
swine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swine"pipe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European redwing.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swine"-pox`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
variety of the chicken pox, with acuminated vesicles containing a
watery fluid; the water pox.</def>  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"er*y</hw> (sw&imacr;n"&etilde;r*&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Piggery</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Swine"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Stinkstone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swine"sty`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sty, or pen,
for swine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swing</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swung</u> (?); <pos><i>Archaic imp.</i></pos>
<u>Swang</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Swinging</u>.]
[OE. <i>swingen</i>, AS. <i>swingan</i> to scourge, to fly, to
flutter; akin to G. <i>schwingen</i> to winnow, to swingle, oscillate,
<i>sich schwingen</i> to leap, to soar, OHG. <i>swingan</i> to throw,
to scourge, to soar, Sw. <i>svinga</i> to swing, to whirl, Dan.
<i>svinge</i>.  Cf. <u>Swagger</u>, <u>Sway</u>, <u>Swinge</u>,
<u>Swink</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move to and fro, as a body
suspended in the air; to wave; to vibrate; to oscillate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I tried if a pendulum would <i>swing</i> faster, or
continue <i>swinging</i> longer, in case of exsuction of the
air.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sway or move from one side or direction
to another; as, the door <i>swung</i> open.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To use a swing; as, a boy <i>swings</i> for
exercise or pleasure. See <u>Swing</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To turn round by action of
wind or tide when at anchor; as, a ship <i>swings</i> with the
tide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be hanged.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>D.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To swing round the circle</b></col>, <cd>to make a complete
circuit.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>swung round the circle</i> of theories and
systems in which his age abounded, without finding
relief.</blockquote> <i>A. V. G. Allen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swing</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to swing or vibrate; to cause to move backward and forward, or
from one side to the other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>swings</i> his tail, and swiftly turns his
round.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They get on ropes, as you must have seen the children,
and are <i>swung</i> by their men visitants.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a circular movement to; to whirl;
to brandish; as, to <i>swing</i> a sword; to <i>swing</i> a club;
hence, colloquially, to manage; as, to <i>swing</i> a
business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To admit or turn (anything)
for the purpose of shaping it; -- said of a lathe; as, the lathe can
<i>swing</i> a pulley of 12 inches diameter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To swing a door</b></col>, <col><b>gate</b></col>, etc.
<i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>to put it on hinges so that it can swing or
turn.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of swinging; a waving, oscillating, or vibratory motion
of a hanging or pivoted object; oscillation; as, the <i>swing</i> of a
pendulum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Swaying motion from one side or direction
to the other; as, some men walk with a <i>swing</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A line, cord, or other thing suspended and
hanging loose, upon which anything may swing; especially, an apparatus
for recreation by swinging, commonly consisting of a rope, the two
ends of which are attached overhead, as to the bough of a tree, a seat
being placed in the loop at the bottom; also, any contrivance by which
a similar motion is produced for amusement or exercise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Influence of power of a body put in swaying
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ram that batters down the wall,<BR>
For the great <i>swing</i> and rudeness of his poise,<BR>
They place before his hand that made the engine.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Capacity of a turning lathe, as determined
by the diameter of the largest object that can be turned in
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Free course; unrestrained liberty or
license; tendency.</def> "Take thy <i>swing</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To prevent anything which may prove an obstacle to the
full <i>swing</i> of his genius.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Full swing</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Full</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Swing beam</b></col> <i>(Railway Mach.)</i>, <cd>a crosspiece
sustaining the car body, and so suspended from the framing of a truck
that it may have an independent lateral motion.</cd> -- <col><b>Swing
bridge</b></col>, <cd>a form of drawbridge which swings horizontally,
as on a vertical pivot.</cd> -- <col><b>Swing plow</b></col>, or
<col><b>Swing plough</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A plow without
a fore wheel under the beam.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A reversible
or sidehill plow.</cd> -- <col><b>Swing wheel</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The scape-wheel in a clock, which drives the
pendulum.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The balance of a
watch.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swing"dev`il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
[So named from its swift flight and dark color, which give it an
uncanny appearance.] <def>The European swift.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swinge</hw> (sw&ibreve;nj), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Singe</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swinge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swinged</u> (sw&ibreve;njd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Swingeing</u> (sw&ibreve;nj"&ibreve;ng).] [OE.
<i>swengen</i>, AS. <i>swengan</i> to shake, causative of
<i>swingan</i>. See <u>Swing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat
soundly; to whip; to chastise; to punish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had <i>swinged</i> him soundly.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>swinges</i> his own vices in his
son.</blockquote> <i>C. Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move as a lash; to lash.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Swinges</i> the scaly horror of his folded
tail.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swinge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
sweep of anything in motion; a swinging blow; a swing.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power; sway; influence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swinge"buc`kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
swashbuckler; a bully; a roisterer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swinge"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Huge; very
large.</def> [Colloq.] <i>Arbuthnot.</i> <i>Byron.</i> --
<wf>Swinge"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"gel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>swingele</i>
whip, scourge. See <u>Swing</u>.] <def>The swinging part of a flail
which falls on the grain in thrashing; the swiple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swing"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who swings or
whirls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swin"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who swinges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything very large, forcible, or
astonishing.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of
<i>swing</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dangle; to wave
hanging.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To swing for pleasure.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swingled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swingling</u> (?).] [See <u>Swingel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To clean, as flax, by beating it with a swingle, so as to
separate the coarse parts and the woody substance from it; to
scutch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat off the tops of without pulling up
the roots; -- said of weeds.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wooden instrument
like a large knife, about two feet long, with one thin edge, used for
beating and cleaning flax; a scutcher; -- called also <i>swingling
knife</i>, <i>swingling staff</i>, and <i>swingling
wand</i>.</def></p>



<p><hw>Swin"gle*bar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
swingletree.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"gle*tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The thrasher, or fox shark. See
<u>Thrasher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swin"gle*tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named in
allusion to its <i>swinging</i>. See <u>Swingle</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Swingtree</u>.] <def>A whiffletree, or
whippletree. See <u>Singletree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swin"gling</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Swingle</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Swingling tow</b></col>, <cd>the coarse part of flax,
separated from the finer by swingling and hatcheling.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swing"tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bar of a
carriage to which the traces are fastened; the whiffletree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swin"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to swine; befitting swine; like swine; hoggish; gross; beasty; as, a
<i>swinish</i> drunkard or sot.</def> "<i>Swinish</i> gluttony."
<i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Swin"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Swin"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Swink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Swank</u> (?), <u>Swonk</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Swonken</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swinking</u>.] [AS. <i>swincan</i>, akin to <i>swingan</i>. See
<u>Swing</u>.] <def>To labor; to toil; to salve.</def> [Obs. or
Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Or <i>swink</i> with his hands and labor.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For which men <i>swink</i> and sweat
incessantly.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>swinking</i> crowd at every stroke pant
"Ho."</blockquote> <i>Sir Samuel Freguson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to toil or drudge; to tire or exhaust with labor.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And the <i>swinked</i> hedger at his supper
sat.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To acquire by labor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To devour all that others <i>swink</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [As. <i>swinc</i>,
ge<i>swinc</i>.] <def>Labor; toil; drudgery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A laborer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swin"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sweeny</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Sweep</u>,
<u>Swiple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A swape or sweep. See
<u>Sweep</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strong blow given with a sweeping motion,
as with a bat or club.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Swipes</i> [in cricket] over the blower's head, and
over either of the long fields.</blockquote> <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Poor, weak beer; small
beer.</def> [Slang, Eng.] [Written also <i>swypes</i>.]
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1460 !></p>

<p><hw>Swipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swiped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swiping</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give a swipe to; to strike
forcibly with a sweeping motion, as a ball.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Loose balls may be <i>swiped</i> almost <i>ad
libitum</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pluck; to snatch; to steal.</def>
[Slang, U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Swi"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Swipe</u>.]
<def>That part of a flail which strikes the grain in thrashing; a
swingel.</def> [Written also <i>swipel</i>, and <i>swipple</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Swip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From AS.
<i>swipian</i> to whip, shake, whirl; akin to <i>sw&amacr;pan</i> to
sweep. See <u>Swoop</u>.] <def>Nimble; quick.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng. &amp; Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Swirl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swirled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swirling</u>.] [Akin to Norw. <i>svirla</i> to whirl, freq. of
<i>sverra</i> to whirl, Dan. <i>svirre</i>, G. <i>schwirren</i> to
whiz, to buzz. &radic;177. See <u>Swarm</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>To whirl, or cause to whirl, as in an eddy.</def> "The river
<i>swirled</i> along."  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swirl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A whirling motion; an
eddy, as of water; a whirl.</def> "The silent <i>swirl</i> of bats."
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From the sound.  Cf.
<u>Swash</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To flourish, so as to make the
sound <i>swish</i>.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To flog; to lash.</def> [Slang]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dash; to
swash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sound of quick movement, as of something whirled through the
air.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Light driven spray.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swiss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>Suisse</i>, of German origin.  Cf. <u>Switzer</u>.] <def>A native
or inhabitant of Switzerland; a Switzer; the people of
Switzerland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swiss</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Switzerland, or the people of Switzerland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Switch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OD. <i>swick</i> a
scourage, a whip.  Cf. <u>Swink</u>, <u>Swing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small, flexible twig or rod.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mauritania, on the fifth medal, leads a horse with
something like a thread; in her other hand she holds a
<i>switch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Railways)</i> <def>A movable part of a rail;
or of opposite rails, for transferring cars from one track to
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A separate mass or trees of hair, or of
some substance (at jute) made to resemble hair, worn on the head by
women.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A mechanical device for
shifting an electric current to another circuit.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Safety switch</b></col> <i>(Railways)</i>, <cd>a form of
switch contrived to prevent or lessen the danger of derailment of
trains.</cd> -- <col><b>Switch back</b></col> <i>(Railways)</i>,
<cd>an arrangement of tracks whereby elevations otherwise
insurmountable are passed. The track ascends by a series of zigzags,
the engine running alternately forward and back, until the summit is
reached.</cd> -- <col><b>Switch board</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a
collection of switches in one piece of apparatus, so arranged that a
number of circuits may be connected or combined in any desired
manner.</cd> -- <col><b>Switch grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Grass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Switch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Switched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Switching</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with a switch or
small flexible rod; to whip.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To swing or whisk; as, to <i>switch</i> a
cane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To trim, as, a hedge.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To turn from one railway track to another;
to transfer by a switch; -- generally with <i>off</i>, <i>from</i>,
etc.; as, to <i>switch</i> off a train; to <i>switch</i> a car from
one track to another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To shift to another
circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Switch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To walk with a
jerk.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Switch"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sweet</u>.]
<def>A beverage of molasses and water, seasoned with vinegar and
ginger.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Switch"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Switch</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Switching engine</b></col>, <cd>a locomotive for switching
cars from one track to another, and making up trains; -- called also
<i>switch engine</i>.</cd> [U.S.]</p>

<p><hw>Switch"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Switchmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who tends a switch on a
railway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Switch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Whisking.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Coombe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swithe</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>sw&imacr;&?;e</i> strongly, violently.] <def>Instantly; quickly;
speedily; rapidly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That thou doest, do thou <i>swithe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif (John xiii. 27).</i></p>

<p><hw>Switz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>schweizer</i>.  Cf. <u>Swiss</u>.] <def>A native or inhabitant of
Switzerland; a Swiss.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>swiven</i>, fr.
AS. <i>sw&imacr;fan</i>. See <u>Swivel</u>.] <def>To copulate with (a
woman).</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swiv"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>sw&imacr;fan</i>
to move quickly, to remove; akin to Icel. <i>sveifla</i> to whirl,
shake, <i>sv&imacr;fa</i> to ramble, to turn. See <u>Swoop</u>, and
cf. <u>Swift</u> a reel, <u>Swift</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A piece, as a ring or hook,
attached to another piece by a pin, in such a manner as to permit
rotation about the pin as an axis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small piece of ordnance,
turning on a point or swivel; -- called also <i>swivel gun</i>.</def>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Swivel bridge</b></col>, <cd>a kind of drawbridge that
turns round on a vertical axis; a swing bridge.</cd> -- <col><b>Swivel
hook</b></col>, <cd>a hook connected with the iron strap of a pulley
block by a swivel joint, for readily taking the turns out of a
tackle.</cd> -- <col><b>Swivel joint</b></col>, <cd>a joint, the two
pieces composing which turn round, with respect to each other, on a
longitudinal pin or axis, as in a chain, to prevent twisting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swiv"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To swing or turn, as
on a pin or pivot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swiv"el-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Squint-
eyed.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swiz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drink; to
swill.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swiz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ale and beer mixed;
also, drink generally.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Swob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Swab</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swob"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Swabber</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Four privileged cards, formerly
used in betting at the game of whist.</def> [Written also
<i>swabber</i>.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swoll"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Swell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swoll"en</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enlarged by swelling;
immoderately increased; as, <i>swollen</i> eyes; <i>swollen</i>
streams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swoln</hw> (?). <def>Contraction of <u>Swollen</u>, <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos></def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swom</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Swim</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swoon</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swooned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swooning</u>.] [OE. <i>swounen</i>, <i>swoghenen</i>, for
<i>swo&?;nien</i>, fr. <i>swo&?;en</i> to sigh deeply, to droop, AS.
<i>sw&omacr;gan</i> to sough, sigh; cf. ge<i>sw&omacr;gen</i>
senseless, swooned, ge<i>sw&omacr;wung</i> a swooning.  Cf.
<u>Sough</u>.] <def>To sink into a fainting fit, in which there is an
apparent suspension of the vital functions and mental powers; to
faint; -- often with <i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sucklings <i>swoon</i> in the streets of the
city.</blockquote> <i>Lam. ii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The most in years . . . <i>swooned</i> first away for
pain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He seemed ready to <i>swoon</i> away in the surprise of
joy.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swoon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fainting fit;
syncope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swoon"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Swoon</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def> -- <wf>Swoon"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Swoop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Swooped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Swooping</u>.] [OE. <i>swopen</i>, usually, to sweep, As.
<i>sw&amacr;pan</i> to sweep, to rush; akin to G. <i>schweifen</i> to
rove, to ramble, to curve, OHG. <i>sweifan</i> to whirl, Icel.
<i>sveipa</i> to sweep; also to AS. <i>sw&imacr;fan</i> to move
quickly.  Cf. <u>Sweep</u>, <u>Swift</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Swipe</u>, <u>Swivel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To fall on at once and seize; to catch while on the wing; as, a
hawk <i>swoops</i> a chicken.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seize; to catch up; to take with a
sweep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And now at last you came to <i>swoop</i> it
all.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The grazing ox which <i>swoops</i> it [the medicinal
herb] in with the common grass.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swoop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
descend with closed wings from a height upon prey, as a hawk; to
stoop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass with pomp; to sweep.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swoop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A falling on and seizing,
as the prey of a rapacious bird; the act of swooping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The eagle fell, . . . and carried away a whole litter
of cubs at a <i>swoop</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swoop"stake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sweepstake</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Swoop"stake`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Altogether;
indiscriminately.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Swap</u>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sword</hw> (s&omacr;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>swerd</i>, AS. <i>sweord</i>; akin to OFries. <i>swerd</i>,
<i>swird</i>, D. <i>zwaard</i>, OS. <i>swerd</i>, OHG. <i>swert</i>,
G. <i>schwert</i>, Icel. <i>sver&eth;</i>, Sw. <i>sv&auml;rd</i>, Dan.
<i>sv&aelig;rd</i>; of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
offensive weapon, having a long and usually sharp-pointed blade with a
cutting edge or edges. It is the general term, including the small
sword, rapier, saber, scimiter, and many other varieties.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the emblem of judicial vengeance or
punishment, or of authority and power.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [the ruler] beareth not the <i>sword</i> in
vain.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xiii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She quits the balance, and resigns the
<i>sword</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Destruction by the sword, or in battle;
war; dissension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I came not to send peace, but a
<i>sword</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. x. 34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The military power of a country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath no more authority over the <i>sword</i> than
over the law.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>One of the end bars by
which the lay of a hand loom is suspended.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sword arm</b></col>, <cd>the right arm.</cd> --
<col><b>Sword bayonet</b></col>, <cd>a bayonet shaped somewhat like a
sword, and which can be used as a sword.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword
bearer</b></col>, <cd>one who carries his master's sword; an officer
in London who carries a sword before the lord mayor when he goes
abroad.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword belt</b></col>, <cd>a belt by which a
sword is suspended, and borne at the side.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword
blade</b></col>, <cd>the blade, or cutting part, of a sword.</cd> --
<col><b>Sword cane</b></col>, <cd>a cane which conceals the blade of a
sword or dagger, as in a sheath.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword
dance</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A dance in which swords are
brandished and clashed together by the male dancers.</cd> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A dance performed over swords laid
on the ground, but without touching them.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword
fight</b></col>, <cd>fencing; a combat or trial of skill with swords;
swordplay.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Gladen</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword knot</b></col>, <cd>a
ribbon tied to the hilt of a sword.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword
law</b></col>, <cd>government by the sword, or by force;
violence.</cd> <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>Sword lily</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Gladiolus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword
mat</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a mat closely woven of yarns; -- so
called from a wooden implement used in its manufacture.</cd> --
<col><b>Sword shrimp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a European
shrimp (<i>Pasiph&aelig;a sivado</i>) having a very thin, compressed
body.</cd> -- <col><b>Sword stick</b></col>, <cd>a sword cane.</cd> --
<col><b>To measure swords with one</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Measure</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To put to the
sword</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Put</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sword"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A humming bird (<i>Docimastes ensiferus</i>) having a very long,
slender bill, exceeding the length of the body of the bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sword"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. ge<i>swurdod</i>.]
<def>Girded with a sword.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sword"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses, or
fights with, a sword; a swordsman; a soldier; a cutthroat.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sword"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A very large oceanic fish
(<i>Xiphias gladius</i>), the only representative of the family
<i>Xiphiid&aelig;</i>. It is highly valued as a food fish. The bones
of the upper jaw are consolidated, and form a long, rigid, swordlike
beak; the dorsal fin is high and without distinct spines; the ventral
fins are absent. The adult is destitute of teeth. It becomes sixteen
feet or more long.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The gar pike.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The cutlass fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A southern constellation.
See <u>Dorado</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Swordfish sucker</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
remora (<i>Remora brachyptera</i>) which attaches itself to the
swordfish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sword"ick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The spotted gunnel (<i>Mur&aelig;noides gunnellus</i>).</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Sword"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Slashing with a
sword.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sword"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
sword.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sword"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Swordmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A swordsman.</def> "Sinewy
<i>swordmen</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sword"play`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fencing; a
sword fight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sword"play`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fencer; a
gladiator; one who exhibits his skill in the use of the
sword.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sword"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Shaped like a sword; ensiform, as the long, flat leaves of the
Iris, cattail, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swords"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Swordsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A soldier;
a fighting man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One skilled of a use of the sword; a
professor of the science of fencing; a fencer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swords"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a swordsman; skill in the use of the sword.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sword"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The limulus.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any hemipterous insect of the genus <i>Uroxiphus</i>, found upon
forest trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swore</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Swear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sworn</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Swear</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sworn brothers</b></col>, <cd>originally, companions in
arms who took an oath to share together good and bad fortune; hence,
faithful friends.</cd> -- <col><b>Sworn enemies</b></col>,
<cd>determined or irreconcilable enemies.</cd> -- <col><b>Sworn
friends</b></col>, <cd>close friends.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Swough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Swoon</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sound; a groan; a moan; a sough.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He sigheth with full many a sorry
<i>swough</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A swoon.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swound</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Swoon</u>, <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos></def> [Prov. Eng. or Archaic]
<i>Shak. Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The landlord stirred<BR>
As one awaking from a <i>swound</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>'Swounds</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Zounds</u>.] <def>An exclamation contracted from <i>God's
wounds</i>; -- used as an oath.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swown</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Swoon.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swum</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Swim</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Swing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swythe</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Quickly. See
<u>Swithe</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sy</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>See</u>.
<def>Saw.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syb</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sib</u>.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Syb"a*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sybarita</i>,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, a city in Italy, noted for the effeminacy and
voluptuousness of its inhabitants; cf. F. <i>Sybarite</i>.] <def>A
person devoted to luxury and pleasure; a voluptuary.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syb`a*rit"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Syb`a*rit"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sybariticus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the Sybarites; resembling the Sybarites; luxurious;
wanton; effeminate.</def> "<i>Sybaritic</i> dinners." <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i> "<i>Sybaritical</i> cloistres." <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syb"a*rit*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Luxuriousness; effeminacy; wantonness; voluptuousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"a*mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sycaminus</i>,
Gr. &?;; perhaps of Semitic origin.] <def>See
<u>Sycamore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"a*more</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sycomorus</i>,
Gr. &?; the fig mulberry; &?; a fig + &?; the black mulberry; or
perhaps of Semitic origin: cf. F. <i>sycomore</i>.  Cf.
<u>Mulberry</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large tree
(<i>Ficus Sycomorus</i>) allied to the common fig.  It is found in
Egypt and Syria, and is the sycamore, or sycamine, of Scripture.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The American plane tree, or buttonwood.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A large European species of maple (<i>Acer
Pseudo-Platanus</i>).</def> [Written sometimes <i>sycomore</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Syce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>s&amacr;&iuml;s</i>.] <def>A groom.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Sy*cee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be from a
Chinese word, <i>se-tze</i> or <i>se-sze</i>, meaning, fine silk, and
to be so called because if pure it may be drawn out into fine
threads.] <def>Silver, pounded into ingots of the shape of a shoe, and
used as currency. The most common weight is about one pound
troy.</def> [China]  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sych`no*car"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; much
or frequent + &?; fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the capacity of
bearing several successive crops of fruit without perishing; as,
<i>sychnocarpous</i> plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy"cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; figlike, fr.
&?; a fig.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A nodule of flint, or a pebble, which
resembles a fig.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syc`o*cer"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the
oxidation of sycoceryl alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc`o*ce"ryl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a fig +
&?; wax + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A radical, of the aromatic
series, regarded as an essential ingredient of certain compounds found
in the waxy resin of an Australian species of fig.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1461 !></p>

<p><hw>Sy"cock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The missel thrush.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sy*co"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a fig.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of calcareous
sponges.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They usually resemble a fig, being vase-shaped with a
fringed opening at the summit. The feeding cells are in ampull&aelig;
connected with radial tubes in the thickened walls of the body.</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Sy*co"ni*um</hw> (?), <hw>||Sy*co"nus</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the fig.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
collective fleshy fruit, in which the ovaries are hidden within a
hollow receptacle, as in the fig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>sycophantia</i> deceit, Gr. &?; false accusation.] <def>The
character or characteristic of a sycophant.</def> Hence: -</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>False accusation; calumniation;
talebearing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Obsequious flattery; servility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>sycophancy</i> of A.Philips had prejudiced Mr.
Addison against Pope.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sycophanta</i> a slanderer, deceiver, parasite, Gr. &?; a false
accuser, false adviser, literally, a fig shower; &?; a fig + &?; to
show: cf. F. <i>sycophante</i>. The reason for the name is not
certainly known. See <u>Phenomenon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
informer; a talebearer.</def> [Obs.] "Accusing <i>sycophants</i>, of
all men, did best sort to his nature."  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A base parasite; a mean or servile
flatterer; especially, a flatterer of princes and great men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sycophant</i> will everything admire:<BR>
Each verse, each sentence, sets his soul on fire.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [CF. L.
<i>sycophantari</i> to deceive, to trick, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To inform against; hence, to calumniate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sycophanting</i> and misnaming the work of his
adversary.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To play the sycophant toward; to flatter
obsequiously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the
sycophant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sycophancy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Syc`o*phan"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Syc`o*phan"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?; slanderous.] <def>Of or pertaining
to a sycophant; characteristic of a sycophant; meanly or obsequiously
flattering; courting favor by mean adulation; parasitic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be cheated and ruined by a <i>sycophantical</i>
parasite.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sycophantic</i> servants to the King of
Spain.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant`ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
sycophant; obsequiously flattering.</def> --
<wf>Syc"o*phant`ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sycophantish</i> satirists that forever humor the
prevailing folly.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sycophancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play
the sycophant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syc"o*phant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Sycophancy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sy*co"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; a fig.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A pustular eruption upon the scalp,
or the beared part of the face, whether due to ringworm, acne, or
impetigo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syd"er*o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
Bohemian earthenware resembling the Wedgwood ware.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sye</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>See</u>.
<def>Saw.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sy"e*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Syenites</i>
(sc. <i>lapis</i>), from <i>Syene</i>, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Orig., a rock composed of quartz, hornblende,
and feldspar, anciently quarried at <i>Syene</i>, in Upper Egypt, and
now called <i>granite</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A granular,
crystalline, ingeous rock composed of orthoclase and hornblende, the
latter often replaced or accompanied by pyroxene or mica. Syenite
sometimes contains nephelite (el&aelig;olite) or leucite, and is then
called <i>nephelite (el&aelig;olite) syenite</i> or <i>leucite
syenite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy`e*nit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>sienitic</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to Syene; as,
<i>Syenitic</i> inscriptions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or like, syenite; as,
<i>syenitic</i> granite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sike</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sicker</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Sile</u> a young
herring.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young herring (<i>Clupea
harengus</i>).</def> [Also written <i>sile</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But our folk call them <i>syle</i>, and nought but
<i>syle</i>,<BR>
And when they're grown, why then we call them herring.</blockquote>
<i>J. Ingelow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syl`la*ba"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syllabaria</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <def>A syllabary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*ba*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A table of
syllables; more especially, a table of the indivisible syllabic
symbols used in certain languages, as the Japanese and Cherokee,
instead of letters.</def>  <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"labe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Syllable.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Syl*lab"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>syllabique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a syllable or syllables;
as, <i>syllabic</i> accent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of a syllable or syllables; as,
a <i>syllabic</i> augment.</def> "The <i>syllabic</i> stage of
writing."  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl*lab"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
syllabic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl*lab"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Syllabicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Syllabicating</u>.] <def>To form or divide into
syllables; to syllabify.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl*lab`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of forming syllables; the act or method of dividing words into
syllables. See <i>Guide to Pron.</i>, &sect;275.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl*lab`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Syllabify</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Syllabication</u>.</def>
<i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Syllabification</i> depends not on mere force, but
on discontinuity of force.</blockquote>  <i>H. Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl*lab"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Syllabified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Syllabifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>syllaba</i> syllable +
<i>-fy</i>.] <def>To form or divide into syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*bism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The expressing
of the sounds of a language by syllables, rather than by an alphabet
or by signs for words.</def>  <i>I. Taylor (The Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*bist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who forms
or divides words into syllables, or is skilled in doing
this.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*bize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
syllabify.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>sillable</i>,
OF. <i>sillabe</i>, F. <i>syllabe</i>, L. <i>syllaba</i>, Gr. &?; that
which is held together, several letters taken together so as to form
one sound, a syllable, fr. &?; to take together; &?; with + &?; to
take; cf. Skr. <i>labh</i>, <i>rabh</i>.  Cf. <u>Lemma</u>,
<u>Dilemma</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An elementary sound, or a
combination of elementary sounds, uttered together, or with a single
effort or impulse of the voice, and constituting a word or a part of a
word. In other terms, it is a vowel or a diphtong, either by itself or
flanked by one or more consonants, the whole produced by a single
impulse or utterance. One of the liquids, <i>l</i>, <i>m</i>,
<i>n</i>, may fill the place of a vowel in a syllable. Adjoining
syllables in a word or phrase need not to be marked off by a pause,
but only by such an abatement and renewal, or re&euml;nforcement, of
the stress as to give the feeling of separate impulses. See <i>Guide
to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;275.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In writing and printing, a part of a word,
separated from the rest, and capable of being pronounced by a single
impulse of the voice. It may or may not correspond to a syllable in
the spoken language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Withouten vice [<i>i. e.</i> mistake] of
<i>syllable</i> or letter.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small part of a sentence or discourse;
anything concise or short; a particle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before any <i>syllable</i> of the law of God was
written.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who dare speak<BR>
One <i>syllable</i> against him?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pronounce the
syllables of; to utter; to articulate.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*bub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Syllabub</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Syllabuses</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Syllabi</b></plw> (#).
[L., fr. the same source as E. <i>syllable</i>.] <def>A compendium
containing the heads of a discourse, and the like; an
abstract.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syl*lep"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>sy`llhpsis</grk> a taking together, from &?;. See
<u>syllable</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure of speech by which a word is used in a
literal and metaphorical sense at the same time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The agreement of a verb or
adjective with one, rather than another, of two nouns, with either of
which it might agree in gender, number, etc.; as, <i>rex</i> et regina
<i>beati.</i></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syl*lep"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Syl*lep"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; collective.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
syllepsis; containing syllepsis.</def> -- <wf>Syl*lep"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syl*lid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From NL.
<i>Syllis</i>, the typical genus.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of marine annelids of the family
<i>Syllid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many of the species are phosphorescent; others are
remarkable for undergoing strobilation or fission and for their
polymorphism. The egg, in such species, develops into an asexual
individual. When mature, a number of its posterior segments gradually
develop into one or more sexual individuals which finally break away
and swim free in the sea. The males, females, and neuters usually
differ greatly in form and structure.</p>

<p><hw>Syl"lo*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>silogisme</i>, OF. <i>silogime</i>, <i>sillogisme</i>, F.
<i>syllogisme</i>, L. <i>syllogismus</i>, Gr. <grk>syllogismo`s</grk>
a reckoning all together, a reasoning, syllogism, fr.
<grk>syllogi`zesqai</grk> to reckon all together, to bring at once
before the mind, to infer, conclude; <grk>sy`n</grk> with, together +
<grk>logi`zesqai</grk> to reckon, to conclude by reasoning. See
<u>Syn-</u>, and <u>Logistic</u>, <u>Logic</u>.] <i>(Logic)</i>
<def>The regular logical form of every argument, consisting of three
propositions, of which the first two are called the <i>premises</i>,
and the last, the <i>conclusion</i>. The conclusion necessarily
follows from the premises; so that, if these are true, the conclusion
must be true, and the argument amounts to demonstration</def>; as in
the following example:</p>

<p>Every virtue is laudable;
Kindness is a virtue;
Therefore kindness is laudable.</p>

<p>These propositions are denominated respectively the <i>major
premise</i>, the <i>minor premise</i>, and the <i>conclusion</i>.</p>

<p>&fist; If the premises are not true and the syllogism is regular,
the reasoning is valid, and the conclusion, whether true or false, is
correctly derived.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Syl`lo*gis"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Syl`lo*gis"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>syllogisticus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>syllogistique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a syllogism;
consisting of a syllogism, or of the form of reasoning by syllogisms;
as, <i>syllogistic</i> arguments or reasoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl`lo*gis"tic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
syllogistic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl`lo*gi*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
reasoning by syllogisms.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"lo*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Syllogized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Syllogizing</u> (?).] [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>syllogiser</i>.] <def>To reason by means of syllogisms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men have endeavored . . . to teach boys to
<i>syllogize</i>, or frame arguments and refute them, without any real
inward knowledge of the question.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"lo*gi`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
syllogizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sylph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sylphe</i>, m., fr.
Gr. &?; a kind of grub, beetle, or moth; -- so called by Paracelsus.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An imaginary being inhabiting the air; a
fairy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A slender, graceful woman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of very brilliant South American humming birds, having a very
long and deeply-forked tail; as, the blue-tailed <i>sylph</i>
(<i>Cynanthus cyanurus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sylph"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>sylphide</i>,
fem. See <u>Sylph</u>.] <def>A little sylph; a young or diminutive
sylph.</def> "The place of the <i>sylphid</i> queen."  <i>J. R.
Drake.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye sylphs and <i>sylphids</i>, to your chief give
ear,<BR>
Fays, fairies, genii, elves, and demons, hear.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sylph"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a
sylph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sylph"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sylphlike.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sylph"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a sylph;
airy; graceful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes a dance . . . <BR>
Displayed some <i>sylphlike</i> figures in its maze.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syl"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sylv&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>sylva</i>, better
<i>silva</i>, a wood. See <u>Silva</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Silva</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"van</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Silvan</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
sylva; forestlike; hence, rural; rustic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The traditional memory of a rural and a <i>sylvan</i>
region . . . is usually exact as well as tenacious.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in forests or in trees;
woody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"van</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Sylvanus</i>, better
<i>Silvanus</i>. See <u>Silvan</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A
fabled deity of the wood; a satyr; a faun; sometimes, a
rustic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her private orchards, walled on every side,<BR>
To lawless <i>sylvans</i> all access denied.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syl"van</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Sylva</i> +
furfur<i>an</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon obtained
together with furfuran (tetrol) by the distillation of pine wood; --
called also <i>methyl tetrol</i>, or <i>methyl furfuran</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"van*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
Tran<i>sylvania</i>, where it was first found.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral, a telluride of gold and silver, of a steel-gray, silver-
white, or brass-yellow color. It often occurs in implanted crystals
resembling written characters, and hence is called <i>graphic
tellurium</i>.</def> [Written also <i>silvanite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Syl*va"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., so called
from Tran<i>sylvania</i>, where it was first found.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An old name for tellurium.</def> [Written also
<i>silvanium</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Syl"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of sylvic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl*vat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sylvaticus</i>, better <i>silvaticus</i>. See <u>Silvan</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Sylvan.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Syl*ves"tri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sylvestris</i>, better <i>silvestris</i>.] <def>Sylvan.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Syl"vic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, pine or its products; specifically,
designating an acid called also <i>abeitic acid</i>, which is the
chief ingredient of common resin (obtained from <i>Pinus
sylvestris</i>, and other species).</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl*vic"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>sylva</i>,
<i>silva</i>, forest + <i>colere</i> to inhabit.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the family of warblers
(<i>Sylvicolid&aelig;</i>). See <u>Warbler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"vi*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>sylva</i>, <i>silva</i>, forest + E. <i>culture</i>.] <def>The
cultivation of forest trees for timber or other purposes; forestry;
arboriculture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl`vi*cul"tur*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
cultivates forest trees, especially as a business.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syl"vine</hw> (?), <hw>Syl"vite</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from NL. sal digestivus <i>sylvii</i>
potassium chloride.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native potassium
chloride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym-</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Syn-</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sy*mar"</hw> (?), <hw>Sy"marr</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Simar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"bal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Cimbal</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>symbolus</i>,
<i>symbolum</i>, Gr. <grk>sy`mbolon</grk> a sign by which one knows or
infers a thing, from &?; to throw or put together, to compare;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to throw: cf. F. <i>symbole</i>.  Cf.
<u>Emblem</u>, <u>Parable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A visible sign
or representation of an idea; anything which suggests an idea or
quality, or another thing, as by resemblance or by convention; an
emblem; a representation; a type; a figure; as, the lion is the
<i>symbol</i> of courage; the lamb is the <i>symbol</i> of meekness or
patience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>symbol</i> is a sign included in the idea which it
represents, <i>e. g.</i>, an actual part chosen to represent the
whole, or a lower form or species used as the representative of a
higher in the same kind.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Any character used to
represent a quantity, an operation, a relation, or an
abbreviation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In crystallography, the <i>symbol</i> of a plane is the
numerical expression which defines its position relatively to the
assumed axes.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>An abstract or compendium
of faith or doctrine; a creed, or a summary of the articles of
religion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Gr. &?; contributions.] <def>That which is
thrown into a common fund; hence, an appointed or accustomed
duty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They do their work in the days of peace . . . and come
to pay their <i>symbol</i> in a war or in a plague.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Share; allotment.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The persons who are to be judged . . . shall all appear
to receive their <i>symbol</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An abbreviation standing for
the name of an element and consisting of the initial letter of the
Latin or New Latin name, or sometimes of the initial letter with a
following one; as, C for carbon, Na for sodium (Natrium), Fe for iron
(Ferrum), Sn for tin (Stannum), Sb for antimony (Stibium), etc.  See
the list of names and symbols under <u>Element</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In pure and organic chemistry there are symbols not only for
the elements, but also for their grouping in formulas, radicals, or
residues, as evidenced by their composition, reactions, synthesis,
etc. See the diagram of <i>Benzene nucleus</i>, under
<u>Benzene</u>.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Emblem; figure; type. See <u>Emblem</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To symbolize.</def>
[R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym*bol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>symbolique</i>. See <u>Symbolic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Theol.)</i> <def>See <u>Symbolics</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sym*bol"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sym*bol"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>symbolicus</i>, Gr.
<grk>symboliko`s</grk>: cf. F. <i>symbolique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a symbol or symbols; of the nature of a symbol;
exhibiting or expressing by resemblance or signs; representative; as,
the figure of an eye is <i>symbolic</i> of sight and knowledge.</def>
-- <wf>Sym*bol"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sym*bol"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The sacrament is a representation of Christ's death by
such <i>symbolical</i> actions as he himself appointed.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Symbolical delivery</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
delivery of property sold by delivering something else as a symbol,
token, or representative of it.</cd> <i>Bouvier.  Chitty.</i> --
<col><b>Symbolical philosophy</b></col>, <cd>the philosophy expressed
by hieroglyphics.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1462 !></p>

<p><hw>Sym*bol"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The study of
ancient symbols</def>; esp. <i>(Theol.)</i>, <def>that branch of
historic theology which treats of creeds and confessions of faith;
symbolism; -- called also <i>symbolic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of symbolizing, or the state of being symbolized; as,
<i>symbolism</i> in Christian art is the representation of truth,
virtues, vices, etc., by emblematic colors, signs, and
forms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A system of symbols or
representations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
practice of using symbols, or the system of notation developed
thereby.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A combining together of parts
or ingredients.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The science of creeds;
symbolics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who employs
symbols.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sym`bol*is"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Sym`bol*is"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by the use of symbols; as,
<i>symbolistic</i> poetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym`bol*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>symbolisation</i>.] <def>The act of symbolizing; symbolical
representation.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Symbolized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Symbolizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>symboliser</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a resemblance of qualities or
properties; to correspond; to harmonize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pleasing of color <i>symbolizeth</i> with the
pleasing of any single tone to the ear; but the pleasing of order doth
<i>symbolize</i> with harmony.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They both <i>symbolize</i> in this, that they love to
look upon themselves through multiplying glasses.</blockquote>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hold the same faith; to agree.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The believers in pretended miracles have always
previously <i>symbolized</i> with the performers of them.</blockquote>
<i>G. S. Faber.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To use symbols; to represent ideas
symbolically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make to agree in properties or qualities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make representative of something; to
regard or treat as symbolic.</def> "Some <i>symbolize</i> the same
from the mystery of its colors."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To represent by a symbol or
symbols.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"bol*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
symbolizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym`bo*log"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to a symbology; versed in, or characterized by, symbology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*bol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices, or who is versed in, symbology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*bol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Symbol</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The art of expressing by symbols.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sym*bran"chi*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; a gill.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
order of slender eel-like fishes having the gill openings confluent
beneath the neck. The pectoral arch is generally attached to the
skull, and the entire margin of the upper jaw is formed by the
premaxillary. Called also <i>Symbranchia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"me*tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Commensurable;
symmetrical.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym*me"tri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One eminently
studious of symmetry of parts.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Symmetrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>sym&eacute;trique</i>. See <u>Symmetry</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Involving or exhibiting symmetry; proportional in parts; having
its parts in due proportion as to dimensions; as, a <i>symmetrical</i>
body or building.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the organs or parts
of one side corresponding with those of the other; having the parts in
two or more series of organs the same in number; exhibiting a
symmetry.  See <u>Symmetry</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having an
equal number of parts in the successive circles of floral organs; --
said of flowers.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having a likeness in
the form and size of floral organs of the same kind;
regular.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Having a common measure;
commensurable.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having corresponding
parts or relations.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A curve or a plane figure is <i>symmetrical</i> with respect
to a given line, and a line, surface, or solid with respect to a
plane, when for each point on one side of the line or plane there is a
corresponding point on the other side, so situated that the line
joining the two corresponding points is perpendicular to the line or
plane and is bisected by it. Two solids are <i>symmetrical</i> when
they are so situated with respect to an intervening plane that the
several points of their surfaces thus correspond to each other in
position and distance. In analysis, an expression is
<i>symmetrical</i> with respect to several letters when any two of
them may change places without affecting the expression; as, the
expression <i>a<sup>2</sup>b + ab<sup>2</sup> + a<sup>2</sup>c +
ac<sup>2</sup> + b<sup>2</sup>c + bc<sup>2</sup></i>, is
<i>symmetrical</i> with respect to the letters <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>,
<i>c</i>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Sym*met"ric*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Sym*met"ric*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sym`me*tri"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Symmetrian</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"me*trist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One eminently
studious of symmetry of parts.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"me*trize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Symmetrized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Symmetrizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>sym&eacute;triser</i>.] <def>To make proportional in its parts; to
reduce to symmetry.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"me*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>symmetria</i>,
Gr. &?;; <grk>sy`n</grk> with, together + &?; a measure: cf. F.
<i>sym&eacute;trie</i>. See <u>Syn-</u>, and <u>Meter</u> rhythm.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A due proportion of the several parts of a
body to each other; adaptation of the form or dimensions of the
several parts of a thing to each other; the union and conformity of
the members of a work to the whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The law of likeness;
similarity of structure; regularity in form and arrangement; orderly
and similar distribution of parts, such that an animal may be divided
into parts which are structurally symmetrical.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Bilateral symmetry</i>, or <i>two-sidedness</i>, in
vertebrates, etc., is that in which the body can be divided into
symmetrical halves by a vertical plane passing through the middle;
<i>radial symmetry</i>, as in echinoderms, is that in which the
individual parts are arranged symmetrically around a central axis;
<i>serial symmetry</i>, or <i>zonal symmetry</i>, as in earthworms, is
that in which the segments or metameres of the body are disposed in a
zonal manner one after the other in a longitudinal axis. This last is
sometimes called <i>metamerism</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Equality
in the number of parts of the successive circles in a flower.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Likeness in the form and size of floral
organs of the same kind; regularity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Axis of symmetry</b></col>. <i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Axis</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Respective symmetry</b></col>, <cd>that
disposition of parts in which only the opposite sides are equal to
each other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sym`pa*thet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sympathy</u>, and cf. <u>Pathetic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inclined to sympathy; sympathizing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Far wiser he, whose <i>sympathetic</i> mind<BR>
Exults in all the good of all mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Produced by, or expressive of,
sympathy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ope the sacred source of <i>sympathetic</i>
tears.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Produced by sympathy; -- applied particularly to symptoms or
affections. See <u>Sympathy</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or
relating to the sympathetic nervous system or some of its branches;
produced by stimulation on the sympathetic nervious system or some
part of it; as, the <i>sympathetic</i> saliva, a modified form of
saliva, produced from some of the salivary glands by stimulation of a
sympathetic nerve fiber.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sympathetic ink</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Ink</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sympathetic nerve</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>any nerve of the sympathetic system; especially,
the axial chain of ganglions and nerves belonging to the sympathetic
system.</cd> -- <col><b>Sympathetic powder</b></col> <i>(Alchemy)</i>,
<cd>a kind of powder long supposed to be able to cure a wound if
applied to the weapon that inflicted it, or even to a portion of the
bloody clothes.</cd> <i>Dunglison.</i> -- <col><b>Sympathetic
sounds</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>sounds produced from solid
bodies by means of vibrations which have been communicated to them
from some other sounding body, by means of the air or an intervening
solid.</cd> -- <col><b>Sympathetic system</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>,
<cd>a system of nerves and nerve ganglions connected with the
alimentary canal, the vascular system, and the glandular organs of
most vertebrates, and controlling more or less their actions. The
axial part of the system and its principal ganglions and nerves are
situated in the body cavity and form a chain of ganglions on each side
of the vertebral column connected with numerous other ganglions and
nerve plexuses.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sym`pa*thet"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sympathetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym`pa*thet"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
sympathetic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pa*thist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sympathizes; a sympathizer.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pa*thize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sympathized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sympathizing</u> (?).] [F. <i>sympathiser</i>. See
<u>Sympathy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a common feeling, as
of bodily pleasure or pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind will <i>sympathize</i> so much with the
anguish and debility of the body, that it will be too distracted to
fix itself in meditation.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feel in consequence of what another
feels; to be affected by feelings similar to those of another, in
consequence of knowing the person to be thus affected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their countrymen . . . <i>sympathized</i> with their
heroes in all their adventures.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To agree; to be in accord; to
harmonize.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pa*thize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To experience together.</def> [Obs.] "This <i>sympathized</i> . .
. error."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ansew to; to correspond to.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pa*thi`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
sympathizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pa*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sympathies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>sympathie</i>, L.
<i>sympathia</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; suffering,
passion, fr. &?;, &?;, to suffer. See <u>Syn-</u>, and <u>Pathos</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Feeling corresponding to that which another
feels; the quality of being affected by the affection of another, with
feelings correspondent in kind, if not in degree; fellow-
feeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They saw, but other sight instead -- a crowd<BR>
Of ugly serpents! Horror on them fell,<BR>
And horrid <i>sympathy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An agreement of affections or inclinations,
or a conformity of natural temperament, which causes persons to be
pleased, or in accord, with one another; as, there is perfect
<i>sympathy</i> between them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Kindness of feeling toward one who suffers;
pity; commiseration; compassion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I value myself upon <i>sympathy</i>, I hate and despise
myself for envy.</blockquote> <i>Kames.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
reciprocal influence exercised by the various organs or parts of the
body on one another, as manifested in the transmission of a disease by
unknown means from one organ to another quite remote, or in the
influence exerted by a diseased condition of one part on another part
or organ, as in the vomiting produced by a tumor of the brain.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That relation which exists between different
persons by which one of them produces in the others a state or
condition like that of himself. This is shown in the tendency to yawn
which a person often feels on seeing another yawn, or the strong
inclination to become hysteric experienced by many women on seeing
another person suffering with hysteria.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A tendency of inanimate things to unite, or
to act on each other; as, the <i>sympathy</i> between the loadstone
and iron.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Similarity of function, use office, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The adverb has most <i>sympathy</i> with the
verb.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Pity; fellow-feeling; compassion; commiseration;
tenderness; condolence; agreement.  -- <u>Sympathy</u>,
<u>Commiseration</u>. <i>Sympathy</i> is literally a fellow-feeling
with others in their varied conditions of joy or of grief. This term,
however, is now more commonly applied to a fellow-feeling with others
under affliction, and then coincides very nearly with
<i>commiseration</i>. In this case it is commonly followed by
<i>for</i>; as, to feel <i>sympathy</i> for a friend when we see him
distressed. The verb <i>sympathize</i> is followed by <i>with</i>; as,
to <i>sympathize</i> with a friend in his distresses or enjoyments.
"Every man would be a distinct species to himself, were there no
<i>sympathy</i> among individuals." <i>South.</i> See <u>Pity</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Fault,<BR>
Acknowledged and deplored, in Adam wrought<BR>
<i>Commiseration</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sym-
</i> + <i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the petals united;
gamopetalous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Symphonious.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Relating to, or in the manner
of, symphony; as, the <i>symphonic</i> form or style of
composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*pho"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Symphony</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Agreeing in sound;
accordant; harmonious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Followed with acclamation and the sound<BR>
<i>Symphonious</i> of ten thousand harps.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Symphonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pho*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>symphoniste</i>.] <def>A composer of symphonies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pho*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Symphonized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Symphonizing</u> (?).] <def>To agree; to be in
harmony.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pho*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Symphonies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>symphonie</i> (cf. It.
<i>sinfonia</i>), L. <i>symphonia</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>sy`n</grk> with +
&?; a sound, the voice. See <u>Phonetic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A consonance or harmony of sounds, agreeable to the ear, whether
the sounds are vocal or instrumental, or both.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The trumpets sound,<BR>
And warlike <i>symphony</i> in heard around.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stringed instrument formerly in use,
somewhat resembling the virginal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With harp and pipe and <i>symphony</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
elaborate instrumental composition for a full orchestra, consisting
usually, like the sonata, of three or four contrasted yet inwardly
related movements, as the allegro, the adagio, the minuet and trio, or
scherzo, and the finale in quick time. The term has recently been
applied to large orchestral works in freer form, with arguments or
programmes to explain their meaning, such as the "symphonic poems" of
Liszt. The term was formerly applied to any composition for an
orchestra, as overtures, etc., and still earlier, to certain
compositions partly vocal, partly instrumental.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrumental passage at the beginning or
end, or in the course of, a vocal composition; a prelude, interlude,
or postude; a ritornello.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sym*phy"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; a clan.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order
of small apterous insects having an elongated body, with three pairs
of thoracic and about nine pairs of abdominal legs. They are, in many
respects, intermediate between myriapods and true insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*phys"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to to symphysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym`phy*se*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>symphysis pubis</i> + Gr. &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The
operation of dividing the symphysis pubis for the purpose of
facilitating labor; -- formerly called the <i>Sigualtian
section</i>.</def> [Written also <i>symphysotomy</i>.]
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sym"phy*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Symphyses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to make to
grow together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to cause to grow; to grow.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An articulation formed by
intervening cartilage; as, the pubic <i>symphysis</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The union or coalescence of bones; also, the
place of union or coalescence; as, the <i>symphysis</i> of the lower
jaw.  Cf. <u>Articulation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym`phy*sot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Symphyseotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym"phy*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; grown
together.] <def>Coalescence; a growing into one with another
word.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some of the phrasal adverbs have assumed the form of
single words, by that <i>symphytism</i> which naturally attaches these
light elements to each other.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym`pi*e*som"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
compression (fr. &?; to press together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to
press, squeeze) + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>A sensitive kind of barometer,
in which the pressure of the atmosphere, acting upon a liquid, as oil,
in the lower portion of the instrument, compresses an elastic gas in
the upper part.</def></p>

<p>
&fist; The column of oil of a lower part <i>BC</i> of a glass tube
compresses hydrogen gas in the upper part <i>AB</i>, and is thus
measured on the scale <i>pq</i> by the position of a surface of the
oil in the tube. The scale <i>pq</i> is adjustable, and its index must
be set to the division on the scale <i>rs</i> corresponding to the
temperature indicated by the termometer <i>t</i>, in order to correct
for the effects of temperature on the gas. It is sensitive, and
convenient for use at sea, but inferior in accuracy to the mercurial
barometer.</p>

<p><hw>Sym*plec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; plaiting
together, fr. &?; to plait together.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Plaiting or
joining together; -- said of a bone next above the quadrate in the
mandibular suspensorium of many fishes, which unites together the
other bones of the suspensorium.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The symplectic bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sym"plo*ce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; an
interweaving, fr. &?; to twine together; &?; + &?; to twine.]
<i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The repetition of a word or phrase at the
beginning and another at the end of successive clauses; as,
<i>Justice</i> came down from heaven to view <i>the earth</i>;
<i>Justice</i> returned to heaven, and left <i>the
earth</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1463 !></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
sympodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*po"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Composed of superposed branches in such a way as to imitate a
simple axis; as, a <i>sympodial</i> stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sym*po"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Sympodia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with +
&?;, dim. of &?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An axis or stem
produced by dichotomous branching in which one of the branches is
regularly developed at the expense of the other, as in the
grapevine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*po"si*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>symposiacus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to compotations
and merrymaking; happening where company is drinking together; as,
<i>symposiac</i> meetings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Symposiac</i> disputations amongst my
acquaintance.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym*po"si*ac</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A conference or
conversation of philosophers at a banquet; hence, any similar
gathering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym*po"si*arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;;
&?; a symposium + &?; to be first, to rule.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i>
<def>The master of a feast.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Sym*po"si*ast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One engaged
with others at a banquet or merrymaking.</def>  <i>Sydney
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sym*po"si*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
drinking together; a symposium.</def> "Our <i>symposion</i> last
night."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sym*po"si*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Symposia</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. <grk>sympo`sion</grk> a
drinking party, feast; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + <grk>po`sis</grk> a
drinking. See <u>Syn-</u>, and cf. <u>Potable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A drinking together; a merry feast.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of short essays by different
authors on a common topic; -- so called from the appellation given to
the philosophical dialogue by the Greeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Symp"tom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>sympt&ocirc;me</i>, Gr. &?; anything that has befallen one, a
chance, causality, symptom, fr. &?; to fall together; <grk>sy`n</grk>
with + &?; to fall; akin to Skr. <i>pat</i> to fly, to fall. See
<u>Syn-</u>, and cf. <u>Asymptote</u>, <u>Feather</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any affection which accompanies
disease; a perceptible change in the body or its functions, which
indicates disease, or the kind or phases of disease; as, the causes of
disease often lie beyond our sight, but we learn their nature by the
<i>symptoms</i> exhibited.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the sick man, we are expiring with all sorts of
good <i>symptoms</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sign or token; that which indicates the
existence of something else; as, corruption in elections is a
<i>symptom</i> of the decay of public virtue.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mark; note; sign; token; indication.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Symp`tom*at"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Symp`tom*at"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>symptomatique</i>, Gr. &?; causal.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to symptoms; happening in
concurrence with something; being a symptom; indicating the existence
of something else.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Symptomatic</i> of a shallow understanding and an
unamiable temper.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to symptoms; as, a
<i>symptomatical</i> classification of diseases.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Symp`tom*at"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Symp`tom*a*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, symptom + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>symptomatologie</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The doctrine of symptoms; that part of the science
of medicine which treats of the symptoms of diseases;
semeiology.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It includes <i>diagnosis</i>, or the determination of the
disease from its symptoms; and <i>prognosis</i>, or the determination
of its probable course and event.</p>

<p><hw>Syn-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with.] <def>A prefix
meaning <i>with</i>, <i>along with</i>, <i>together</i>, <i>at the
same time</i>. <i>Syn-</i> becomes <i>sym-</i> before <i>p</i>,
<i>b</i>, and <i>m</i>, and <i>syl-</i> before <i>l</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*ac"me</hw> (?), <hw>Syn*ac"my</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>synacme</i>. See <u>Syn-</u>, and
<u>Acme</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Synanthesis</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*&aelig;r"e*sis</hw>, <hw>Syn*er"e*sis</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a taking or drawing together,
fr. &?; to take together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to take, to
grasp. See <u>Syn-</u>, and <u>Heresy</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The
union, or drawing together into one syllable, of two vowels that are
ordinarily separated in syllabification; synecphonesis; -- the
opposite of <i>di&aelig;resis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`a*gog"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a synagogue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"a*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>synagoga</i>, Gr. &?; a bringing together, an assembly, a
synagogue, fr. &?; to bring together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to
lead. See <u>Syn-</u>, and <u>Agent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
congregation or assembly of Jews met for the purpose of worship, or
the performance of religious rites.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The building or place appropriated to the
religious worship of the Jews.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The council of, probably, 120 members among
the Jews, first appointed after the return from the Babylonish
captivity; -- called also the <i>Great Synagogue</i>, and sometimes,
though erroneously, the <i>Sanhedrin</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A congregation in the early Christian
church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My brethren, . . . if there come into your
<i>synagogue</i> a man with a gold ring.</blockquote> <i>James ii. 1,2
(Rev. Ver.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any assembly of men.</def> [Obs. or R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`a*le"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>synaloepha</i>, Gr. &?;, from &?; to melt together; <grk>sy`n</grk>
with + &?; to besmear.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A contraction of syllables
by suppressing some vowel or diphthong at the end of a word, before
another vowel or diphthong; as, <i>th' army</i>, for <i>the
army</i>.</def> [Written also <i>synal&oelig;pha</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn`al*lag*mat"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from &?;
a mutual agreement, contract, fr. &?; to exchange, negotiate with;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to change.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Imposing
reciprocal obligations upon the parties; as, a <i>synallagmatic</i>
contract.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`al*lax"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; to
associate with.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the outer and middle
toes partially united; -- said of certain birds related to the
creepers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`a*l&oelig;"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.]
<def>Same as <u>Synalepha</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*an"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synangia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; + &?; a hollow
vessel.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The divided part beyond the pylangium in
the aortic trunk of the amphibian heart.</def> --
<wf>Syn*an"gi*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn*an"ther*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-
</i> + anther.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the stamens united by their
anthers; as, <i>synantherous</i> flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`an*the"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + Gr. &?; bloom.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
simultaneous maturity of the anthers and stigmas of a blossom.</def>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*an"thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ Gr. &?; flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having flowers and leaves which
appear at the same time; -- said of certain plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*an"throse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From NL.
<i>Synanther&aelig;</i> the Composit&aelig;; Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with
+ &?; blooming.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A variety of sugar, isomeric with
sucrose, found in the tubers of the Jerusalem artichoke (<i>Helianthus
tuberosus</i>), in the dahlia, and other Composit&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*ap"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
fastened together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to fasten.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of slender, transparent holothurians
which have delicate calcareous anchors attached to the dermal plates.
See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*ap"tase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fastened
together + dias<i>tase</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A ferment resembling
diastase, found in bitter almonds.  Cf. <u>Amygdalin</u>, and
<u>Emulsin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`ap*tic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synapticul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. from Gr. &?;
fastened together.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of numerous
calcareous processes which extend between, and unite, the adjacent
septa of certain corals, especially of the fungian corals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"ar*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
rule jointly with; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to rule.] <def>Joint
rule or sovereignity.</def> [R.]  <i>Stackhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`ar*te"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a fastening together, fr. &?; to fasten together.] <def>A fastening or
knitting together; the state of being closely jointed; close
union.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`ar*thro"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Synarthrosis.</def> -- <wf>Syn`ar*thro"di*al</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`ar*thro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synarthroses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a being jointed
together, fr. &?; to link or joint together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with +
&?; a joint.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Immovable articulation by close
union, as in sutures. It sometimes includes symphysial articulations
also. See the Note under <u>Articulation</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"as*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i> +
Gr. &?; a star.] <def>Concurrence of starry position or influence;
hence, similarity of condition, fortune, etc., as prefigured by
astrological calculation.</def> [R.]  <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*ax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to bring together. See <u>Synagogue</u>.] <def>A congregation;
also, formerly, the Lord's Supper.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>syncarpium</i>.
See <u>Syncarpous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of aggregate fruit
in which the ovaries cohere in a solid mass, with a slender
receptacle, as in the magnolia; also, a similar multiple fruit, as a
mulberry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*car"pi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syncarpia</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Syncarp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*car"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ Gr. &?; a fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Composed of several carpels
consolidated into one ovary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*cat`e*gor`e*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; a predicate. See <u>Syn-</u>, and
<u>Categorematic</u>.] <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Not capable of being used
as a term by itself; -- said of words, as an adverb or
preposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`chon*dro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synchondroses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; cartilage.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An
immovable articulation in which the union is formed by
cartilage.</def> -- <wf>Syn`chon*dro"si*al</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn`chon*drot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
union by cartilage + &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>Symphyseotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`cho*re"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; a going.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
concession made for the purpose of retorting with greater
force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Synchronous</u>.] <def>Happening at, or belonging to, the same
time; synchronous; simultaneous.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A synchronal thing
or event.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*chron"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>synchronique</i>.] <def>Happening at the same time;
synchronous.</def> <i>Boyle.</i> -- <wf>Syn*chron"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to be contemporary with, from &?; synchronous. See
<u>Synchronous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The concurrence of events
in time; simultaneousness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tabular arrangement of historical
events and personages, according to their dates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A representation, in the
same picture, of two or events which occured at different
times.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`chro*nis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to synchronism; arranged according to correspondence in
time; as, <i>synchronistic</i> tables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`chro*ni*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of synchronizing; concurrence of events in respect to time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Synchronized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Synchronizing</u> (?).] [Gr. &?;.] <def>To agree in
time; to be simultaneous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The path of this great empire, through its arch of
progress, <i>synchronized</i> with that of Christianity.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To assign to the same date or period of time; as, to
<i>synchronize</i> two events of Greek and Roman history.</def>
"Josephus <i>synchronizes</i> Nisan with the Egyptian Pharmus."  <i>W.
L. Bevan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to agree in time; as, to
<i>synchronize</i> the movements of different machines; to
<i>synchronize</i> clocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`chro*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-
</i> + Gr. &?; time + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>Contemporaneous
chronology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; time.  Cf. <u>Chronicle</u>.]
<def>Happening at the same time; simultaneous.</def> --
<wf>Syn"chro*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn"chro*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The concurrence
of events in time; synchronism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Geological contemporaneity is the same as chronological
<i>synchrony</i>.</blockquote> <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syn"chy*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to confound; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to pour.] <def>A
derangement or confusion of any kind, as of words in a sentence, or of
humors in the eye.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sparkling synchysis</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
condition in which the vitreous humor is softened and contains
sparkling scales of cholesterin.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Syn*clas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>kla^n</grk> to break.] <i>(Math. Physics)</i> <def>Curved
toward the same side in all directions; -- said of surfaces which in
all directions around any point bend away from a tangent plane toward
the same side, as the surface of a sphere; -- opposed to
anticlastic.</def>  <i>Sir W. Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*cli"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to incline
together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to incline.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inclined downward from opposite directions, so as to meet in a
common point or line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Formed by strata dipping
toward a common line or plane; as, a <i>synclinal</i> trough or
valley; a <i>synclinal</i> fold; -- opposed to
<i>anticlinal</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A downward flexure in the case of folded rocks makes a
<i>synclinal</i> axis, and the alternating upward flexure an
<i>anticlinal</i> axis.</p>

<p><hw>Syn*cli"nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
synclinal fold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*cline"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
synclinal fold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*clin"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Synclinal.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Syn`cli*no"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synclinoria</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; to lay together +
&?; mountain.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A mountain range owing its origin
to the progress of a geosynclinal, and ending in a catastrophe of
displacement and upturning.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"co*pal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to syncope; resembling syncope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"co*pate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Syncopated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Syncopating</u>.] [LL. <i>syncopatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>syncopare</i> to syncopate, to swoon. See <u>Syncope</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To contract, as a word, by
taking one or more letters or syllables from the middle; as, "Gloster"
is a <i>syncopated</i> form of "Gloucester."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To commence, as a tone, on an
unaccented part of a measure, and continue it into the following
accented part, so that the accent is driven back upon the weak part
and the rhythm drags.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`co*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The act of syncopating; the
contraction of a word by taking one or more letters or syllables from
the middle; syncope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The act of syncopating; a
peculiar figure of rhythm, or rhythmical alteration, which consists in
welding into one tone the second half of one beat with the first half
of the beat which follows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"co*pe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>syncope</i>,
<i>syncopa</i>, Gr. &?; a cutting up, a syncope; akin to &?; to beat
together, to cut up, cut short, weavy; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to
strike, cut.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>An elision or
retrenchment of one or more letters or syllables from the middle of a
word; as, <i>ne'er</i> for <i>never</i>, <i>ev'ry</i> for
<i>every</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Syncopation</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A fainting, or swooning. See
<u>Fainting</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pause or cessation; suspension.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Revely, and dance, and show,<BR>
Suffer a <i>syncope</i> and solemn pause.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"co*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
syncopates.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"co*pize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
syncopate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*cot`y*led"on*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>syn-</i> + <i>cotyledonous</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having united
cotyledonous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*cret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uniting and
blending together different systems, as of philosophy, morals, or
religion.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"cre*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to make two parties join against a third: cf. F.
<i>syncr&eacute;tisme</i>.] <def>Attempted union of principles or
parties irreconcilably at variance with each other.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is plotting a carnal <i>syncretism</i>, and
attempting the reconcilement of Christ and Belial.</blockquote>
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Syncretism</i> is opposed to eclecticism in
philosophy.</blockquote> <i>Krauth-Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"cre*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>syncr&eacute;tiste</i>.] <def>One who attempts to unite principles
or parties which are irreconcilably at variance;</def> specifically
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>, <def>an adherent of George Calixtus and other
Germans of the seventeenth century, who sought to unite or reconcile
the Protestant sects with each other and with the Roman Catholics, and
thus occasioned a long and violent controversy in the Lutheran
church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`cre*tis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to, or characterized by,
syncretism; as, a <i>syncretistic</i> mixture of the service of
Jehovah and the worship of idols.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Syncretists.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn"cri*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a comparison; &?; together + &?; to judge.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
figure of speech in which opposite things or persons are
compared.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1464 !></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*cy"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syncitia</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?; together + &?; a
hollow vessel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Tissue in which
the cell or partition walls are wholly wanting and the cell bodies
fused together, so that the tissue consists of a continuous mass of
protoplasm in which nuclei are imbedded, as in ordinary striped
muscle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ectoderm of a
sponge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*dac"tyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ Gr. &?; finger, toe: cf. F. <i>syndactyle</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any bird having syndactilous feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*dac*tyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Syndactilous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the toes firmly united together for
some distance, and without an intermediate web, as the kingfishers;
gressorial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`des*mog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
band, bond + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of the ligaments;
syndesmology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`des*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; band,
bond + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy which treats of
ligaments.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`des*mo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syndesmoses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a bond; &?;
together + &?; a bond, fr. &?; to bind.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An
articulation formed by means of ligaments.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*det"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Syn*det"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from &?; to bind together;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to bind; cf. <u>Asyndetic</u>.]
<def>Connecting; conjunctive; as, <i>syndetic</i> words or
connectives; <i>syndetic</i> references in a dictionary.</def> --
<wf>Syn*det"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>With the <i>syndetic</i> juxtaposition of distinct
members, the article is not often repeated.</blockquote> <i>C. J.
Grece (Trans. Maetzner's Gram.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>syndictus</i>,
Gr. &?; helping in a court of justice, advocate; <grk>sy`n</grk> with
+ &?; justice, akin to &?; to show: cf. F. <i>syndic</i>. See
<u>Teach</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An officer of government,
invested with different powers in different countries; a
magistrate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An agent of a corporation, or
of any body of men engaged in a business enterprise; an advocate or
patron; an assignee.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In France, <i>syndics</i> are appointed by the creditors of
a bankrupt to manage the property. Almost all the companies in Paris,
the university, and the like, have their <i>syndics</i>. The
university of Cambridge, Eng., has its <i>syndics</i>, who are chosen
from the senate to transact special business, such as the regulation
of fees, the framing of laws, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Syn"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>syndicat</i>, LL. <i>syndicatus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
office or jurisdiction of a syndic; a council, or body of
syndics.</def>  <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An association of persons officially
authorized to undertake some duty or to negotiate some business; also,
an association of persons who combine to carry out, on their own
account, a financial or industrial project; as, a <i>syndicate</i> of
bankers formed to take up and dispose of an entire issue of government
bonds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>syndicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>syndicare</i> to censure.] <def>To
judge; to censure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Syn"dro*me</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; a course, a running.]
<def>Concurrence.</def> [R.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`dy*as"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>syndyasmo`s</grk> a pairing, fr. <grk>syndya`zein</grk> to pair.]
<def>Pertaining to the state of pairing together sexually; -- said of
animals during periods of procreation and while rearing their
offspring.</def>  <i>Morgan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syne</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Since</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Afterwards; since; ago.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]
<i>R. of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Late, -- as opposed to
<i>soon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Each rogue] shall be discovered either soon or
<i>syne</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Hamilton (Life of Wallace).</i></p>

<p><hw>Syne</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Since; seeing.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn*ec"do*che</hw> (s&ibreve;n*&ebreve;k"d&osl;*k&esl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>synecdoche</i>, Gr.
<grk>synekdochh`</grk>, fr.  to receive jointly; <grk>sy`n</grk> with
+ &?; to receive; &?; out + &?; to receive.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A
figure or trope by which a part of a thing is put for the whole (as,
fifty <i>sail</i> for fifty <i>ships</i>), or the whole for a part
(as, the smiling <i>year</i> for <i>spring</i>), the species for the
genus (as, <i>cutthroat</i> for <i>assassin</i>), the genus for the
species (as, a <i>creature</i> for a <i>man</i>), the name of the
material for the thing made, etc.</def>  <i>Bain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`ec*doch"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Expressed
by synecdoche; implying a synecdoche.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Isis is used for Themesis by a <i>synecdochical</i>
kind of speech, or by a poetical liberty, in using one for
another.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`ec*doch"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
synecdoche.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*e"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to hold together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to hold.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease of the eye, in which the iris adheres to
the cornea or to the capsule of the crystalline lens.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*ec`pho*ne"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to utter together.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A contraction
of two syllables into one; synizesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*e"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sitting
with; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + <grk>"e`dra</grk> seat.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Growing on the angles of a stem, as the leaves in some species of
Selaginella.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`en*tog"na*thi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with + <grk>'ento`s</grk> within +
<grk>gna`qos</grk> jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fishes,
resembling the Physoclisti, without spines in the dorsal, anal, and
ventral fins. It includes the true flying fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"e*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; a word.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>The
interjunction, or joining, of words in uttering the clauses of
sentences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*er"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Syn&aelig;resis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`er*get"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to work together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + <grk>'e`rgon</grk> work.]
<def>Working together; co&ouml;perating; as, <i>synergetic</i>
muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"er*gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Synergetic</u>.] <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine or theory,
attributed to Melanchthon, that in the regeneration of a human soul
there is a co&ouml;peration, or joint agency, on the part both of God
and of man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"er*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>synergiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who holds the doctrine
of synergism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A remedy which has an action
similar to that of another remedy, and hence increases the efficiency
of that remedy when combined with it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`er*gis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to synergism.</def> "A
<i>synergistic</i> view of regeneration."  <i>Shedd.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Co&ouml;perating; synergetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"er*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Synergetic</u>.] <def>Combined action</def>; especially
<i>(Med.)</i>, <def>the combined healthy action of every organ of a
particular system; as, the digestive <i>synergy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`ge*ne"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with, together + &?; generation, birth.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of plants in which the
stamens are united by the anthers.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn`ge*ne"sian</hw> (?), <hw>Syn`ge*ne"sious</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the stamens united by
the anthers; of or pertaining to the Syngenesia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A theory of generation in which
each germ is supposed to contain the germs of all subsequent
generations; -- the opposite of <i>epigenesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syng"na*thi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; jaw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder
of lophobranch fishes which have an elongated snout and lack the
ventral and first dorsal fins.  The pipefishes and sea horses are
examples.</def> -- <wf>Syng"na*thous</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn"graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>syngrapha</i>,
Gr. &?;; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to write.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
writing signed by both or all the parties to a contract or
bond.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`i*ze"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to sit together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to sit.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An obliteration of the pupil of
the eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A contraction of two
syllables into one; synecphonesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`neo*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synneuroses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;; <grk>sy`n</grk>
with + &?; a sinew, ligament.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Syndesmosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn"o*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
holding together. See <u>Synechia</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Synochus</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn"o*chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to synocha; like synocha.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Syn"o*chus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
joined together.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A continuous fever.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Synocha</i> and <i>synochus</i> were used as epithets of
two distinct types of fever, but in different senses at different
periods. The same disease is placed under synocha by one author, under
synochus by another.  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"o*cil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i> +
<i>cil</i>ium.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sense organ found in
certain sponges. It consists of several filaments, each of which
arises from a single cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"od</hw> (s&ibreve;n"&ubreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>synodus</i>, Gr. <grk>sy`nodos</grk> a meeting; <grk>sy`n</grk>
with + <grk>"odo`s</grk> a way; cf. AS. <i>sino&eth;</i>,
<i>seno&eth;</i>, F. <i>synode</i>, both from the Latin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>An ecclesiastic council
or meeting to consult on church matters.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Synods</i> are of four kinds: 1. <i>General</i>, or
<i>ecumenical</i>, which are composed of bishops from different
nations; -- commonly called <i>general council</i>. 2.
<i>National</i>, composed of bishops of one nation only. 3.
<i>Provincial</i>, in which the bishops of only one province meet; --
called also <i>convocations</i>. 4. <i>Diocesan</i>, a synod in which
the bishop of the diocese or his representative presides.
    Among Presbyterians, a <i>synod</i> is composed of several
adjoining presbyteries. The members are the ministers and a ruling
elder from each parish.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An assembly or council having civil
authority; a legislative body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It hath in solemn <i>synods</i> been decreed,<BR>
Both by the Syracusians and ourselves,<BR>
To admit no traffic to our adverse towns.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Parent of gods and men, propitious Jove!<BR>
And you, bright <i>synod</i> of the powers above.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A conjunction of two or
more of the heavenly bodies.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"od*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>synodalis</i>:
cf. F. <i>synodal</i>.] <def>Synodical.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"od*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ch.
of Eng.)</i> <def>A tribute in money formerly paid to the bishop or
archdeacon, at the time of his Easter visitation, by every parish
priest, now made to the ecclesiastical commissioners; a
procuration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Synodals</i> are due, of common right, to the bishop
only.</blockquote> <i>Gibson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A constitution made in a provincial or
diocesan synod.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*od"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Syn*od"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>synodicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>synodique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a synod; transacted in, or authorized by, a synod; as,
<i>synodical</i> proceedings or forms.</def> "A <i>synodical</i>
epistle."  <i>Bp. Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Pertaining to conjunction,
especially to the period between two successive conjunctions;
extending from one conjunction, as of the moon or a planet with the
sun, to the next; as, a <i>synodical</i> month (see <i>Lunar
month</i>, under <u>Month</u>); the <i>synodical</i> revolution of the
moon or a planet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*od"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
synodical manner; in a synod; by the authority of a synod.</def>
"<i>Synodically</i> agreed upon."  <i>R. Nelson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"od*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent to a
synod.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>synodists</i> thought fit in Latin as yet to
veil their decrees from vulgar eyes.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*&oelig;"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-
</i> + Gr. &?; house.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having stamens and pistil in
the same head, or, in mosses, having antheridia and archegonia on the
same receptacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*om"o*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
swear with or together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to swear.]
<def>Sworn brotherhood; a society in ancient Greece nearly resembling
a modern political club.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"o*nym</hw> (s&ibreve;n"&osl;*n&ibreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Synonyms</b></plw> (-
n&ibreve;mz). [F. <i>synonyme</i>, L. <i>synonyma</i>, pl. of
<i>synonymum</i>, Gr. <grk>synw`nymon</grk>. See <u>Synonymous</u>.]
<def>One of two or more words (commonly words of the same language)
which are equivalents of each other; one of two or more words which
have very nearly the same signification, and therefore may often be
used interchangeably. See under <u>Synonymous</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>synonyme</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All languages tend to clear themselves of
<i>synonyms</i> as intellectual culture advances, the superfluous
words being taken up and appropriated by new shades and combinations
of thought evolved in the progress of society.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His name has thus become, throughout all civilized
countries, a <i>synonym</i> for probity and philanthropy.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In popular literary acceptation, and as employed in
special dictionaries of such words, <i>synonyms</i> are words
sufficiently alike in general signification to be liable to be
confounded, but yet so different in special definition as to require
to be distinguished.</blockquote>  <i>G. P. Marsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*on"y*ma</hw> (s&ibreve;n*&obreve;n"&ibreve;*m&adot;),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Synonyms.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*on"y*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Synonymous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn*on"y*mal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Synonymously.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn"o*nyme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Synonym</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`o*nym"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>synonymik</i>. See <u>Synonymous</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The
science, or the scientific treatment, of synonymous words.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn`o*nym"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Syn`o*nym"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to synonyms, or synonymic;
synonymous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`o*nym"i*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
dictionary of synonyms.</def>  <i>C. J. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*on"y*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>synonymiste</i>.] <def>One who collects or explains
synonyms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*on"y*mize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Synonymized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Synonymizing</u> (?).] <def>To express by a synonym or
synonyms; to give the synonym or synonyms corresponding to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This word "fortis" we may <i>synonymize</i> after all
these fashions: stout, hardy, valiant, doughty, courageous,
adventurous, brave, bold, daring, intrepid.</blockquote>
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*on"y*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with, together + &?;, &?;, name. See <u>Syn-</u>, and
<u>Name</u>.] <def>Having the character of a synonym; expressing the
same thing; conveying the same, or approximately the same, idea.</def>
-- <wf>Syn*on"y*mous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>These words consist of two propositions, which are not
distinct in sense, but one and the same thing variously expressed; for
wisdom and understanding are <i>synonymous</i> words
here.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Identical; interchangeable. -- <u>Synonymous</u>,
<u>Identical</u>. If no words are <i>synonymous</i> except those which
are <i>identical</i> in use and meaning, so that the one can in all
cases be substituted for the other, we have scarcely ten such words in
our language. But the term more properly denotes that the words in
question approach so near to each other, that, in many or most cases,
they can be used interchangeably. 1. Words may thus coincide in
<i>certain</i> connections, and so be interchanged, when they can not
be interchanged in other connections; thus we may speak either
<i>strength</i> of mind or of <i>force</i> of mind, but we say the
<i>force</i> (not <i>strength</i>) of gravitation. 2. Two words may
differ slightly, but this difference may be unimportant to the
speaker's object, so that he may freely interchange them; thus it
makes but little difference, in most cases, whether we speak of a
man's having <i>secured</i> his object or having <i>attained</i> his
object. For these and other causes we have numerous words which may,
in many cases or connections, be used interchangeably, and these are
properly called <i>synonyms</i>. <i>Synonymous</i> words "are words
which, with great and essential resemblances of meaning, have, at the
same time, small, subordinate, and partial differences, -- these
differences being such as either originally and on the ground of their
etymology inhered in them; or differences which they have by usage
acquired in the eyes of all; or such as, though nearly latent now,
they are capable of receiving at the hands of wise and discreet
masters of the tongue. <i>Synonyms</i> are words of like significance
in the main, but with a certain unlikeness as well."
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*on"y*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>synonymia</i>, Gr. &?; a synonym: cf. F. <i>synonymie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being synonymous; sameness of
meaning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A system of synonyms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A figure by which synonymous
words are used to amplify a discourse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*op"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synopses</b></plw> (#). [L., from Gr. &?;; <grk>sy`n</grk>
with, together + &?; a sight, view, from the root seen in E.
<i>optic</i>.] <def>A general view, or a collection of heads or parts
so arranged as to exhibit a general view of the whole; an abstract or
summary of a discourse; a syllabus; a conspectus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That the reader may see in one view the exactness of
the method, as well as force of the argument, I shall here draw up a
short <i>synopsis</i> of this epistle.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abridgment; compendium; epitome; abstract; summary;
syllabus; conspectus. See <u>Abridgment</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*op"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Syn*op"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>synoptique</i>. See
<u>Synopsis</u>.] <def>Affording a general view of the whole, or of
the principal parts of a thing; as, a <i>synoptic</i> table; a
<i>synoptical</i> statement of an argument.</def> "The <i>synoptic</i>
Gospels." <i>Alford.</i> -- <wf>Syn*op"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn*op"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the first
three Gospels of the New Testament. See <u>Synoptist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*op"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any one of the
authors of the three synoptic Gospels, which give a history of our
Lord's life and ministry, in distinction from the writer of John's
Gospel, which gives a fuller record of his teachings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*os`te*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-
</i> + Gr. &?; bone + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That part of anatomy which
treats of joints; arthrology.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*os`te*o"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Synosteoses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with
+ &?; bone.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Union by means of bone; the complete
closing up and obliteration of sutures.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`os*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>Same
as <u>Synosteosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*o"vi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., perhaps fr.
Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with + L. <i>ovum</i> egg: cf. F. <i>synovie</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A transparent, viscid, lubricating fluid which
contains mucin and secreted by synovial membranes; synovial
fluid.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1465 !></p>

<p><hw>Syn*o"vi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>synovial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to synovia;
secreting synovia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Synovial capsule</b></col>, <cd>a closed sac of synovial
membrane situated between the articular surfaces at diarthrodial
joints.</cd> -- <col><b>Synovial fluid</b></col>, <cd>synovia.</cd> --
<col><b>Synovial membrane</b></col>, <cd>the dense and very smooth
connective tissue membrane which secretes synovia and surrounds
synovial capsules and other synovial cavities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Syn`o*vi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Synovia</u>, <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
synovial membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*pel"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ &?; the sole of the foot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the two
main flexor tendons of the toes blended together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn*sep"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-
</i> + <i>sepal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having united sepals;
gamosepalous.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*tac"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Syn*tac"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. G. &?; putting together. See <u>Syntax</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to syntax; according to the rules of syntax, or
construction.</def> -- <wf>Syn*tac"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn"tax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>syntaxis</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to put together in order; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to
put in order; cf. F. <i>syntaxe</i>. See <u>Syn-</u>, and
<u>Tactics</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Connected system or order;
union of things; a number of things jointed together; organism.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They owe no other dependence to the first than what is
common to the whole <i>syntax</i> of beings.</blockquote>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That part of grammar which treats of the
construction of sentences; the due arrangement of words in sentences
in their necessary relations, according to established usage in any
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Syn*tax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Syntax.</def>
[R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`te*re"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
preservation, fr. &?; to preserve; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to
guard.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Prophylaxis.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Conscience viewed as the
internal repository of the laws of duty.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn`te*ret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Preserving health; prophylactic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn`te*ret"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>That department of medicine which relates to the preservation of
health; prophylaxis.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn*ther"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>syn-</i>
+ <i>thermal</i>.] <def>Having the same degree of heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"the*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syntheses</b></plw> (#). [L., a mixture, properly, a putting
together, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to place or put together; <grk>sy`n</grk>
with + &?; to place. See <u>Thesis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Composition, or the putting of two or more things together, as in
compounding medicines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The art or process of making
a compound by putting the ingredients together, as contrasted with
<i>analysis</i>; thus, water is made by <i>synthesis</i> from hydrogen
and oxygen; hence, specifically, the building up of complex compounds
by special reactions, whereby their component radicals are so grouped
that the resulting substances are identical in every respect with the
natural articles when such occur; thus, artificial alcohol, urea,
indigo blue, alizarin, etc., are made by <i>synthesis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The combination of separate
elements of thought into a whole, as of simple into complex
conceptions, species into genera, individual propositions into
systems; -- the opposite of <i>analysis</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Analysis and <i>synthesis</i>, though commonly treated
as two different methods, are, if properly understood, only the two
necessary parts of the same method. Each is the relative and
correlative of the other.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn"the*sist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
employs synthesis, or who follows synthetic methods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"the*size</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To combine by synthesis; to unite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce by synthesis; as, to
<i>synthesize</i> albumin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*thet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Syn*thet"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>synth&eacute;tique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to synthesis; consisting in
synthesis or composition; as, the <i>synthetic</i> method of
reasoning, as opposed to <i>analytical</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Philosophers hasten too much from the analytic to the
<i>synthetic</i> method; that is, they draw general conclusions from
too small a number of particular observations and
experiments.</blockquote> <i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Artificial.  Cf.
<u>Synthesis</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Comprising within
itself structural or other characters which are usually found only in
two or more diverse groups; -- said of species, genera, and higher
groups. See the Note under <u>Comprehensive</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Synthetic</b></col>, or <col><b>Synthetical
language</b></col>, <cd>an inflectional language, or one characterized
by grammatical endings; -- opposed to <i>analytic language</i>.</cd>
<i>R. Morris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syn*thet"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
synthetic manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"the*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;.]
<def>To combine; to unite in regular structure.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn"to*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
cut short; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to cut.] <def>Brevity;
conciseness.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Syn"to*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;
stretched tight, intense.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A proteid
substance (acid albumin) formed from the albuminous matter of muscle
by the action of dilute acids; -- formerly called <i>musculin</i>. See
<i>Acid albumin</i>, under <u>Albumin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy"pher*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Carp.)</i> <def>The lapping of chamfered edges of planks to make a
smooth surface, as for a bulkhead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph"i*lide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A cutaneous eruption due to syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph"i*lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Syphilus</i>, the name of a shepherd in the Latin poem of
Fracastoro, "<i>Syphilus</i>, sive Morbus Gallicus," which was
published in 1530; Gr. &?; hog, swine + &?; dear, loving. The term was
introduced into nosology by Sauvages.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The pox, or
venereal disease; a chronic, specific, infectious disease, usually
communicated by sexual intercourse or by hereditary transmission, and
occurring in three stages known as <i>primary</i>, <i>secondary</i>,
and <i>tertiary syphilis</i>. See under <u>Primary</u>,
<u>Secondary</u>, and <u>Tertiary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph`i*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>syphilitique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to syphilis;
of the nature of syphilis; affected with syphilis.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A syphilitic patient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph`i*lit"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>In a syphilitic manner; with venereal
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph`i*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inoculation with the syphilitic virus, especially when employed
as a preventive measure, like vaccination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph"i*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>To inoculate with syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph"i*lo*derm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Syphilis</u>, and <u>Derm</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A cutaneous
affection due to syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph`i*lo*der"ma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the cutaneous manifestations of
syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph"i*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Syphil</i>is +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Resembling syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph`i*lol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
skilled in syphilology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syph`i*lol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Syphil</i>is
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>That branch of medicine which treats of
syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy"phon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Syphon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"a*cuse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A red wine of
Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy"ren</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Siren</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Syr"i*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Syriacus</i>,
from <i>Syria</i>: cf. F. <i>syriaque</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
Syria, or its language; as, the <i>Syriac</i> version of the
Pentateuch.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of Syria;
especially, the ancient language of that country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"i*a*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Syrian
idiom; a Syrianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Syrius</i>: cf.
F. <i>Syrien</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Syria; Syriac.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native of Syria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"i*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Syrian
idiom, or a peculiarity of the Syrian language; a Syriacism.</def>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syr"i*asm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Syrian idiom; a
Syrianism; a Syriacism.</def>  <i>M. Stuart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Scripture Greek is observed to be full of
<i>Syriasms</i> and Hebraisms.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sy*rin"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;, a shepherd's pipe, tube.  Cf. <u>Syringe</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of plants; the lilac.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The mock orange; -- popularly so called
because its stems were formerly used as pipestems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"inge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>seringue</i>
(cf. Pr. <i>siringua</i>, Sp. <i>jeringa</i>, It. <i>sciringa</i>,
<i>scilinga</i>), fg. Gr. &?;, &?;, a pipe or tube; cf. Skr.
<i>svar</i> to sound, and E. <i>swarum</i>.  Cf. <u>Syringa</u>.]
<def>A kind of small hand-pump for throwing a stream of liquid, or for
purposes of aspiration. It consists of a small cylindrical barrel and
piston, or a bulb of soft elastic material, with or without valves,
and with a nozzle which is sometimes at the end of a flexible tube; --
used for injecting animal bodies, cleansing wounds, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Garden syringe</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Garden</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Syr"inge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Syringed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Syringing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inject by means of a
syringe; as, to <i>syringe</i> warm water into a vein.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wash and clean by injection from a
syringe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy*rin"ge*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the syrinx; as, the <i>syringeal</i>
muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sy*rin"gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside found in the bark of the lilac (<i>Syringa</i>) and
extracted as a white crystalline substance; -- formerly called also
<i>lilacin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sy*rin"go*c&oelig;le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Syrinx</i> + Gr. &?; hollow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The central
canal of the spinal cord.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sy*rin"go*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>syringotome</i>. See <u>Syringotomy</u>.] <i>(Surg. &amp; Anat.)</i>
<def>A small blunt-pointed bistoury, -- used in syringotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr`in*got"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a tube,
a hollow sore + &?; to cut: cf. F. <i>syringotomie</i>.]
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of cutting for anal
fistula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"inx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syringes</b></plw> (#). [NL., from Gr. &?; a pipe.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A wind instrument made of reeds
tied together; -- called also <i>pandean pipes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The lower larynx in
birds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In birds there are two laringes, an upper or true, but
voiceless, larynx in the usual position behind the tongue, and a lower
one, at or near the junction of the trachea and bronchi, which is the
true organ of the voice.</p>

<p><hw>||Syr"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to drag.] <i>(Class. Antiq.)</i> <def>A long dress, trailing on
the floor, worn by tragic actors in Greek and Roman
theaters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"phi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the syrphus flies.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A syrphus fly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syr"phus fly`</hw> (?). [NL. <i>Syrphus</i>, the generic name,
fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, a kind of winged insect.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of dipterous flies of the genus
<i>Syrphus</i> and allied genera. They are usually bright-colored,
with yellow bands, and hover around plants. The larv&aelig; feed upon
plant lice, and are, therefore, very beneficial to
agriculture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syrt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>syrtis</i> a sand
bank in the sea, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>syrte</i>.] <def>A quicksand; a
bog.</def> [R.]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Syr"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a syrt; resembling syrt, or quicksand.</def> [R.]  <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Syr"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Syrtes</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Syrt</u>.] <def>A
quicksand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Quenched in a boggy <i>syrtis</i>, neither sea<BR>
Nor good dry land.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syr"up</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Syr"up*y</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Sirup</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Sirup</u>,
<u>Sirupy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sys`sar*co"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to unite by flesh, to cover over with flesh;
<grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?;, &?;, flesh.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
junction of bones by intervening muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys*tal"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>systalticus</i> drawing together, Gr. &?;, from &?; to draw
together.  Cf. <u>Sustaltic</u>, <u>Systole</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Capable of, or taking place by, alternate contraction and
dilatation; as, the <i>systaltic</i> action of the heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sys"ta*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to stand together. See under <u>System</u>.] <def>A political
union, confederation, or league.</def> [R.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>systema</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; to place together; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to place:
cf. F. <i>syst&egrave;me</i>. See <u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An assemblage of objects arranged in regular subordination, or
after some distinct method, usually logical or scientific; a complete
whole of objects related by some common law, principle, or end; a
complete exhibition of essential principles or facts, arranged in a
rational dependence or connection; a regular union of principles or
parts forming one entire thing; as, a <i>system</i> of philosophy; a
<i>system</i> of government; a <i>system</i> of divinity; a
<i>system</i> of botany or chemistry; a military <i>system</i>; the
solar <i>system</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The best way to learn any science, is to begin with a
regular <i>system</i>, or a short and plain scheme of that science
well drawn up into a narrow compass.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the whole scheme of created things
regarded as forming one complete plan of whole; the universe.</def>
"The great <i>system</i> of the world."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Regular method or order; formal
arrangement; plan; as, to have a <i>system</i> in one's
business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The collection of staves
which form a full score. See <u>Score</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An assemblage of parts or
organs, either in animal or plant, essential to the performance of
some particular function or functions which as a rule are of greater
complexity than those manifested by a single organ; as, the capillary
<i>system</i>, the muscular <i>system</i>, the digestive
<i>system</i>, etc.; hence, the whole body as a functional
unity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the stellate or
irregular clusters of intimately united zooids which are imbedded in,
or scattered over, the surface of the common tissue of many compound
ascidians.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Block system</b></col>, <col><b>Conservative
system</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Block</u>,
<u>Conservative</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sys`tem*at"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Sys`tem*at"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>syst&eacute;matique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to system; consisting in
system; methodical; formed with regular connection and adaptation or
subordination of parts to each other, and to the design of the whole;
as, a <i>systematic</i> arrangement of plants or animals; a
<i>systematic</i> course of study.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now we deal much in essays, and unreasonably despise
<i>systematical</i> learning; whereas our fathers had a just value for
regularity and systems.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A representation of phenomena, in order to answer the
purposes of science, must be <i>systematic</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding according to system, or regular
method; as, a <i>systematic</i> writer; <i>systematic</i>
benevolence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the system of the world;
cosmical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These ends may be called cosmical, or
<i>systematical</i>.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Affecting successively the
different parts of the system or set of nervous fibres; as,
<i>systematic</i> degeneration.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Systematic theology</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Theology</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sys`tem*at"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
systematic manner; methodically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*a*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
reduction of facts or principles to a system.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*a*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>syst&eacute;matiste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who forms a
system, or reduces to system.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who adheres to a system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys`tem*a*ti*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>syst&eacute;matization</i>.] <def>The act or operation of
systematizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*a*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Systematized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Systematizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F.
<i>syst&eacute;matiser</i>.  Cf. <u>Systemize</u>.] <def>To reduce to
system or regular method; to arrange methodically; to methodize; as,
to <i>systematize</i> a collection of plants or minerals; to
<i>systematize</i> one's work; to <i>systematize</i> one's
ideas.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Diseases were healed, and buildings erected, before
medicine and architecture were <i>systematized</i> into
arts.</blockquote> <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*a*ti`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
systematizes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Aristotle may be called the <i>systematizer</i> of his
master's doctrines.</blockquote> <i>Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sys`tem*a*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, system + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The doctrine of, or a treatise upon,
systems.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sys*tem"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or relating to a system; common to a system; as, the
<i>systemic</i> circulation of the blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. &amp; Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
to the general system, or the body as a whole; as, <i>systemic</i>
death, in distinction from <i>local</i> death; <i>systemic</i>
circulation, in distinction from <i>pulmonic</i> circulation;
<i>systemic</i> diseases.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Systemic death</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Death</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sys`tem*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of systematizing; systematization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*ize</hw> (s&ibreve;s"t&ebreve;m*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Systemized</u> (-
&imacr;zd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Systemizing</u> (-
&imacr;`z&ibreve;ng).] [Cf. <u>Systematize</u>.] <def>To reduce to
system; to systematize.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1466 !></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*i`zer</hw> (s&ibreve;s"t&ebreve;m*&imacr;`z&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who systemizes, or reduces to system; a
systematizer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tem*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being without system.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Not agreeing with some
artificial system of classification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Not having any of the
distinct systems or types of structure, as the radiate, articulate,
etc., characteristic of organic nature; as, all unicellular organisms
are <i>systemless</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys"to*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to contract; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + &?; to set, place.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The shortening of the long
syllable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The contraction of the
heart and arteries by which the blood is forced onward and the
circulation kept up; -- correlative to <i>diastole</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys*tol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to systole, or contraction; contracting; esp., relating to the systole
of the heart; as, <i>systolic</i> murmur.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sys"tyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>systylos</i>,
Gr. <grk>sy`n</grk> with columns standing close; <grk>sy`n</grk> with
+ &?; a column: cf. F. <i>systyle</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having a
space equal to two diameters or four modules between two columns; --
said of a portico or building. See <u>Intercolumniation</u>.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A systyle temple or other edifice.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syth</hw> (?), <hw>Sythe</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>prep., adv.,
conj. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sith</u>, <u>Sithe</u>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sythe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Scythe.</def> [Obs.
or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Sy*zyg"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
syzygy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syz"y*gy</hw> (s&ibreve;z"&ibreve;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Syzygies</b></plw> (-
j&ibreve;z). [L. <i>syzygia</i> a joining together, conjunction, Gr.
<grk>syzygi`a</grk>; <grk>sy`n</grk> with + <grk>zeygny`nai</grk> to
join, <grk>zygo`n</grk> yoke: cf. F. <i>syzygie</i>. See <u>Yoke</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The
point of an orbit, as of the moon or a planet, at which it is in
conjunction or opposition; -- commonly used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. &amp; L. Pros.)</i> <def>The coupling
together of different feet; as, in Greek verse, an iambic
<i>syzygy</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
one of the segments of an arm of a crinoid composed of two joints so
closely united that the line of union is obliterated on the outer,
though visible on the inner, side.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
immovable union of two joints of a crinoidal arm.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Line of syzygies</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the
straight line connecting the earth, the sun, and the moon or a planet,
when the latter is in conjunction or opposition; -- used chiefly of
the moon.</cd></p>

<p><point26>T.</point26></p>

<p><hw>T</hw> (t&emacr;), <def>the twentieth letter of the English
alphabet, is a nonvocal consonant. With the letter <i>h</i> it forms the
digraph <i>th</i>, which has two distinct sounds, as in <i>th</i>in,
<i>th</i>en. See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect;262-264, and
also &sect;&sect;153, 156, 169, 172, 176, 178-180.</def></p>

<p>The letter derives its name and form from the Latin, the form of the
Latin letter being further derived through the Greek from the
Ph&oelig;nician. The ultimate origin is probably Egyptian. It is
etymologically most nearly related to <i>d</i>, <i>s</i>, <i>th</i>; as in
<i>t</i>ug, <i>d</i>uke; <i>t</i>wo, <i>d</i>ual, L. <i>d</i>uo;
re<i>s</i>in, L. re<i>s</i>ina, Gr. <grk>"rhti`nh</grk>, ten<i>t</i>,
ten<i>s</i>e, a., <i>t</i>enuous, <i>th</i>in; nos<i>t</i>ril,
<i>th</i>rill. See <u>D</u>, <u>S</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>T bandage</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>a bandage shaped like
the letter <universbold>T</universbold>, and used principally for
application to the groin, or perineum.</cd> -- <col><b>T cart</b></col>,
<cd>a kind of fashionable two seated wagon for pleasure driving.</cd> --
<col><b>T iron</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A rod with a short
crosspiece at the end, -- used as a hook.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Iron
in bars, having a cross section formed like the letter
<universbold>T</universbold>, -- used in structures.</cd> -- <col><b>T
rail</b></col>, <cd>a kind of rail for railroad tracks, having no flange at
the bottom so that a section resembles the letter
<universbold>T</universbold>.</cd> -- <col><b>T square</b></col>, <cd>a
ruler having a crosspiece or head at one end, for the purpose of making
parallel lines; -- so called from its shape. It is laid on a drawing board
and guided by the crosspiece, which is pressed against the straight edge of
the board. Sometimes the head is arranged to be set at different
angles.</cd> -- <col><b>To a T</b></col>, <cd>exactly, perfectly; as, to
suit <i>to a T</i>.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take.</def> [Obs. or
Scot.]  <i>Cursor Mundi.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Used by Chaucer to represent a peculiarity of the Northern
dialect.</p>

<p><hw>Taas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A heap. See
<u>Tas</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tab</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The flap or latchet of a shoe fastened with a
string or a buckle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tag. See <u>Tag</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A loop for pulling or lifting
something.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A border of lace or other material, worn on the
inner front edge of ladies' bonnets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A loose pendent part of a lady's garment; esp.,
one of a series of pendent squares forming an edge or border.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*bac"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tobacco.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ta*ba"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., horsefly.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of blood sucking flies, including the
horseflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tab"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tabard</i>,
<i>tabart</i>; cf. Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>tabardo</i>, It. <i>tabarro</i>, W.
<i>tabar</i>, LGr. &?;, LL. <i>tabardum</i>.] <def>A sort of tunic or
mantle formerly worn for protection from the weather. When worn over the
armor it was commonly emblazoned with the arms of the wearer, and from this
the name was given to the garment adopted for heralds.</def> [Spelt also
<i>taberd</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In a <i>tabard</i> he [the Plowman] rode upon a
mare.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tab"ard*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who wears a tabard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A scholar on the foundation of Queen's College,
Oxford, England, whose original dress was a tabard.</def>
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tab"a*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tabby</u>.] <def>A
stout silk having satin stripes, -- used for furniture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tab`a*sheer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>tab&amacr;sh&imacr;r</i>: cf. Skr. <i>tvakksh&imacr;r&amacr;</i>,
<i>tvaksh&imacr;r&amacr;</i>.] <def>A concretion in the joints of the
bamboo, which consists largely or chiefly of pure silica. It is highly
valued in the East Indies as a medicine for the cure of bilious vomitings,
bloody flux, piles, and various other diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tab"bi*net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tabby</u>.] <def>A
fabric like poplin, with a watered surface.</def> [Written also
<i>tabinet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tab"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tabbies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>tabis</i> (cf. It.
<i>tab&igrave;</i>, Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>tab&iacute;</i>, LL. <i>attabi</i>), fr.
Ar. <i>'att&amacr;b&imacr;</i>, properly the name of a quarter of Bagdad
where it was made, the quarter being named from the prince <i>Attab</i>,
great grandson of Omeyya.  Cf. <u>Tobine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
kind of waved silk, usually called <i>watered silk</i>, manufactured like
taffeta, but thicker and stronger. The watering is given to it by
calendering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mixture of lime with shells, gravel, or
stones, in equal proportions, with an equal proportion of water. When dry,
this becomes as hard as rock.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A brindled cat; hence, popularly, any
cat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An old maid or gossip.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tab"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
a wavy or watered appearance; as, a <i>tabby</i> waistcoat.</def>
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Brindled; diversified in color; as, a
<i>tabby</i> cat.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tabby moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the grease moth.
See under <u>Grease</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tab"by</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tabbied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tabbying</u> (?).]
<def>To water; to cause to look wavy, by the process of calendering; to
calender; as, to <i>tabby</i> silk, mohair, ribbon, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tab`e*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tabefy</u>.]
<def>A wasting away; a gradual losing of flesh by disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tab"e*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tabefied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tabefying</u> (?).] [L. <i>tabere</i> to waste away + <i>-fy</i>: cf. L.
<i>tabefacere</i> to melt.] <def>To cause to waste gradually, to
emaciate.</def> [R.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ta*bel"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tabellio</i>, fr.
<i>tabella</i> a tablet, a writing, document, dim. of <i>tabula</i> a
board: cf. F. <i>tabellion</i>. See <u>Table</u>.] <def>A secretary or
notary under the Roman empire; also, a similar officer in France during the
old monarchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Tabor</u>.</def>  <i>Nahum ii. 7.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tab"erd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tabard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tab"er*na*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>tabernaculum</i>, dim. of <i>taberna</i> nut. See <u>Tabern</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slightly built or temporary habitation;
especially, a tent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dwelling in <i>tabernacles</i> with Isaac and
Jacob.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xi. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Orange trees planted in the ground, and secured in winter
with a wooden <i>tabernacle</i> and stoves.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>A portable structure of
wooden framework covered with curtains, which was carried through the
wilderness in the Israelitish exodus, as a place of sacrifice and
worship.</def>  <i>Ex. xxvi.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the Jewish temple; sometimes, any other
place for worship.</def>  <i>Acts xv. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Figuratively: The human body, as the temporary
abode of the soul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shortly I must put off this my
<i>tabernacle</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Pet. i. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Any small cell, or like place, in which some
holy or precious things was deposited or kept.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The ornamental receptacle for the pyx, or for
the consecrated elements, whether a part of a building or
movable.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A niche for the image of a saint, or for any
sacred painting or sculpture.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Hence, a work of art of sacred subject, having
a partially architectural character, as a solid frame resting on a bracket,
or the like.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A tryptich for sacred imagery.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A seat or stall in a choir, with its
canopy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A boxlike step for a mast with
the after side open, so that the mast can be lowered to pass under bridges,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Feast of Tabernacles</b></col> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i>, <cd>one
of the three principal festivals of the Jews, lasting seven days, during
which the people dwelt in booths formed of the boughs of trees, in
commemoration of the habitation of their ancestors in similar dwellings
during their pilgrimage in the wilderness.</cd> -- <col><b>Tabernacle
work</b></col>, <cd>rich canopy work like that over the head of niches,
used over seats or stalls, or over sepulchral monuments.</cd> <i>Oxf.
Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tab"er*na*cle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tabernacled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tabernacling</u> (?).] <def>To dwell or reside for a time; to be
temporary housed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He assumed our nature, and <i>tabernacled</i> among us in
the flesh.</blockquote> <i>Dr. J. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tab`er*nac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a tabernacle, especially the Jewish
tabernacle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formed in latticework; latticed.</def>  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to huts or booths; hence,
common; low.</def> "Horribly <i>tabernacular</i>."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ta"bes</hw> (t&amc;"b&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
wasting disease.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Progressive emaciation of the body,
accompanied with hectic fever, with no well-marked local
symptoms.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Tabes dorsalis</b></col> (d&ocirc;r*s&amacr;"l&ibreve;s) [NL.,
tabes of the back], <cd>locomotor ataxia; -- sometimes called simply
<i>tabes</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>||Tabes mesenterica</b></col> (&?;) [NL.,
mesenteric tabes], <cd>a wasting disease of childhood characterized by
chronic inflammation of the lymphatic glands of the mesentery, attended
with caseous degeneration.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ta*bes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tabescens</i>
wasting, p. pr. of <i>tabescere</i>.] <def>Withering, or wasting
away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*bet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to tabes; of the nature of tabes; affected with tabes;
tabid.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One affected with
tabes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tab"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tabidus</i>: cf. F.
<i>tabide</i>. See <u>Tabes</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Affected by tabes;
tabetic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>tabid</i> persons, milk is the bset
restorative.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Tab"id*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Tab"id*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ta*bif"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ta*bif"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tabes</i> + L. <i>facere</i> to make.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing tabes; wasting; tabefying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tab"inet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tabbinet</u>.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tab"la*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tablature</i>
ancient mode of musical notation. See <u>Table</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A painting on a wall or ceiling; a single piece
comprehended in one view, and formed according to one design; hence, a
picture in general.</def>  <i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An ancient mode of indicating
musical sounds by letters and other signs instead of by notes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The chimes of bells are so rarely managed that I went up to
that of Sir Nicholas, where I found who played all sorts of compositions
from the <i>tablature</i> before him as if he had fingered an
organ.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Division into plates or tables
with intervening spaces; as, the <i>tablature</i> of the cranial
bones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>tabula</i> a
board, tablet, a painting.  Cf. <u>Tabular</u>, <u>Taffrail</u>,
<u>Tavern</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A smooth, flat surface, like the
side of a board; a thin, flat, smooth piece of anything; a slab.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bagnio paved with fair <i>tables</i> of
marble.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thin, flat piece of wood, stone, metal, or
other material, on which anything is cut, traced, written, or painted; a
tablet</def>; <i>pl.</i> <def>a memorandum book.</def> "The names . . .
written on his <i>tables</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the Lord said unto Moses, Hew thee two <i>tables</i> of
stone like unto the first, and I will write upon these <i>tables</i> the
words that were in the first <i>tables</i>, which thou
brakest.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxiv. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And stand there with your <i>tables</i> to glean<BR>
The golden sentences.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any smooth, flat surface upon which an
inscription, a drawing, or the like, may be produced.</def> "Painted in a
<i>table</i> plain."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The opposite walls are painted by Rubens, which, with that
other of the Infanta taking leave of Don Philip, is a most incomparable
<i>table</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>St. Antony has a <i>table</i> that hangs up to him from a
poor peasant.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, in a great variety of applications: A
condensed statement which may be comprehended by the eye in a single view;
a methodical or systematic synopsis; the presentation of many items or
particulars in one group; a scheme; a schedule.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bibliog.)</i> <def>A view of the contents of a
work; a statement of the principal topics discussed; an index; a syllabus;
a synopsis; as, a <i>table</i> of contents.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A list of substances and their
properties; especially, a list of the elementary substances with their
atomic weights, densities, symbols, etc.</def>
</p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Any collection and arrangement
in a condensed form of many particulars or values, for ready reference, as
of weights, measures, currency, specific gravities, etc.; also, a series of
numbers following some law, and expressing particular values corresponding
to certain other numbers on which they depend, and by means of which they
are taken out for use in computations; as, <i>tables</i> of logarithms,
sines, tangents, squares, cubes, etc.; annuity <i>tables</i>; interest
<i>tables</i>; astronomical <i>tables</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Palmistry)</i> <def>The arrangement or
disposition of the lines which appear on the inside of the hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mistress of a fairer <i>table</i><BR>
Hath not history for fable.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An article of furniture, consisting of a flat
slab, board, or the like, having a smooth surface, fixed horizontally on
legs, and used for a great variety of purposes, as in eating, writing, or
working.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We may again<BR>
Give to our <i>tables</i> meat.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The nymph the <i>table</i> spread.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Hence, food placed on a table to be partaken of;
fare; entertainment; as, to set a good <i>table</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The company assembled round a table.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I drink the general joy of the whole
<i>table</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the two, external and
internal, layers of compact bone, separated by diplo&euml;, in the walls of
the cranium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A stringcourse which includes an
offset; esp., a band of stone, or the like, set where an offset is
required, so as to make it decorative. See <u>Water table</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Games)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The board on
the opposite sides of which backgammon and draughts are played.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the divisions of a backgammon board; as, to
play into the right-hand <i>table</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<def>The games of backgammon and of draughts.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is the ape of form, monsieur the nice,<BR>
That, when he plays at <i>tables</i>, chides the dice.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Glass Manuf.)</i> <def>A circular plate of crown
glass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A circular plate or <i>table</i> of about five feet diameter
weighs on an average nine pounds.</blockquote> <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Jewelry)</i> <def>The upper flat surface of a
diamond or other precious stone, the sides of which are cut in
angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Persp.)</i> <def>A plane surface, supposed to be
transparent and perpendicular to the horizon; -- called also <i>perspective
plane</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The part of a machine tool on
which the work rests and is fastened.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bench table</b></col>, <col><b>Card table</b></col>,
<col><b>Communion table</b></col>, <col><b>Lord's table</b></col>, <cd>etc.
See under <u>Bench</u>, <u>Card</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Raised
table</b></col> <i>(Arch. &amp; Sculp.)</i>, <cd>a raised or projecting member
of a flat surface, large in proportion to the projection, and usually
rectangular, -- especially intended to receive an inscription or the
like.</cd> -- <col><b>Roller table</b></col> <i>(Horology)</i>, <cd>a flat
disk on the arbor of the balance of a watch, holding the jewel which rolls
in and out of the fork at the end of the lever of the escapement.</cd> --
<col><b>Round table</b></col>. <cd>See Dictionary of Noted Names in
Fiction.</cd> -- <col><b>Table anvil</b></col>, <cd>a small anvil to be
fastened to a table for use in making slight repairs.</cd> -- <col><b>Table
base</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Water table</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Table bed</b></col>, <cd>a bed in the form of a table.</cd> --
<col><b>Table beer</b></col>, <cd>beer for table, or for common use; small
beer.</cd> -- <col><b>Table bell</b></col>, <cd>a small bell to be used at
table for calling servants.</cd> -- <col><b>Table cover</b></col>, <cd>a
cloth for covering a table, especially at other than mealtimes.</cd> --
<col><b>Table diamond</b></col>, <cd>a thin diamond cut with a flat upper
surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Table linen</b></col>, <cd>linen tablecloth,
napkins, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Table money</b></col> <i>(Mil. or
Naut.)</i>, <cd>an allowance sometimes made to officers over and above
their pay, for table expenses.</cd> -- <col><b>Table rent</b></col> <i>(O.
Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>rent paid to a bishop or religious, reserved or
appropriated to his table or housekeeping.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> --
<col><b>Table shore</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a low, level shore.</cd>
-- <col><b>Table talk</b></col>, <cd>conversation at table, or at
meals.</cd> -- <col><b>Table talker</b></col>, <cd>one who talks at
table.</cd> -- <col><b>Table tipping</b></col>, <col><b>Table
turning</b></col>, <cd>certain movements of tables, etc., attributed by
some to the agency of departed spirits, and by others to the development of
latent vital or spriritual forces, but more commonly ascribed to the
muscular force of persons in connection with the objects moved, or to
physical force applied otherwise.</cd> -- <col><b>Tables of a
girder</b></col> or <col><b>chord</b></col> <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>the upper
and lower horizontal members.</cd> -- <col><b>To lay on the
table</b></col>, <cd>in parliamentary usage, to lay, as a report, motion,
etc., on the table of the presiding officer, -- that is, to postpone the
consideration of, by a vote.</cd> -- <col><b>To serve tables</b></col>
<i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>to provide for the poor, or to distribute provisions
for their wants.</cd> <i>Acts vi. 2.</i> -- <col><b>To turn the
tables</b></col>, <cd>to change the condition or fortune of contending
parties; -- a metaphorical expression taken from the vicissitudes of
fortune in gaming.</cd> -- <col><b>Twelve tables</b></col> <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i>, <cd>a celebrated body of Roman laws, framed by decemvirs
appointed 450 years before Christ, on the return of deputies or
commissioners who had been sent to Greece to examine into foreign laws and
institutions. They consisted partly of laws transcribed from the
institutions of other nations, partly of such as were altered and
accommodated to the manners of the Romans, partly of new provisions, and
mainly, perhaps, of laws and usages under their ancient kings.</cd>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1467 !></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tableed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tableing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form into a table or
catalogue; to tabulate; as, to <i>table</i> fines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To delineate, as on a table; to represent, as in
a picture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tabled</i> and pictured in the chambers of
meditation.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To supply with food; to feed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>To insert, as one piece of timber
into another, by alternate scores or projections from the middle, to
prevent slipping; to scarf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To lay or place on a table, as money.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In parliamentary usage, to lay on the table; to
postpone, by a formal vote, the consideration of (a bill, motion, or the
like) till called for, or indefinitely.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To enter upon the docket; as, to <i>table</i>
charges against some one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To make board hems in the skirts
and bottoms of (sails) in order to strengthen them in the part attached to
the boltrope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To live at the table of
another; to board; to eat.</def> [Obs.] "He . . . was driven from the
society of men to <i>table</i> with the beasts."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ta`bleau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tableaux</b></plw> (#). [F., dim. fr. L. <i>tabula</i> a painting.
See <u>Table</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A striking and vivid
representation; a picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A representation of some scene by means of
persons grouped in the proper manner, placed in appropriate postures, and
remaining silent and motionless.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ta`bleau" vi`vant"</hw> (?); <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Tableaux
vivants</b></plw> (#). [F.] <def>Same as <u>Tableau</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ble*book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tablet; a
notebook.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put into your <i>tablebook</i> whatever you judge
worthy.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ble*cloth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cloth for
covering a table, especially one with which a table is covered before the
dishes, etc., are set on for meals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ta"ble d'h&ocirc;te"</hw> (t&adot;"bl' d&omacr;t`); <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tables d'h&ocirc;te</b></plw> (#). [F., literally, table of the
landlord.] <def>A common table for guests at a hotel; an
ordinary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ble-land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A broad, level,
elevated area of land; a plateau.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The toppling crags of Duty scaled,<BR>
Are close upon the shining <i>table-lands</i><BR>
To which our God himself is moon and sun.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ble*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tablemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man at draughts; a piece used in
playing games at tables. See <u>Table</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 10.</def>
[R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ble*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
table.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tablements</i> and chapters of pillars.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ta"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who boards.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who boards others for hire.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ble*spoon`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spoon of the
largest size commonly used at the table; -- distinguished from
<i>teaspoon</i>, <i>dessert spoon</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ble*spoon`ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tablespoonfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a tablespoon will
hold; enough to fill a tablespoon. It is usually reckoned as one half of a
fluid ounce, or four fluid drams.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"blet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tablette</i>, dim. of
<i>table</i>. See <u>Table</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small table or
flat surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flat piece of any material on which to write,
paint, draw, or engrave; also, such a piece containing an inscription or a
picture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a small picture; a miniature.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A kind of pocket memorandum
book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A flattish cake or piece; as, <i>tablets</i> of
arsenic were formerly worn as a preservative against the plague.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A solid kind of electuary or
confection, commonly made of dry ingredients with sugar, and usually formed
into little flat squares; -- called also <i>lozenge</i>, and <i>troche</i>,
especially when of a round or rounded form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ble*ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ware, or articles
collectively, for table use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
forming into tables; a setting down in order.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>The letting of one timber into
another by alternate scores or projections, as in shipbuilding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A broad hem on the edge of a
sail.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Board; support.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Trence in
English (1614).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Act of playing at tables. See <u>Table</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 10.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Tabling house</b></col>, <cd>a gambling house.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Northbrooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ta*boo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A total prohibition of
intercourse with, use of, or approach to, a given person or thing under
pain of death, -- an interdict of religious origin and authority, formerly
common in the islands of Polynesia; interdiction.</def> [Written also
<i>tabu</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ta*boo"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tabooed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tabooing</u>.] <def>To put under taboo; to forbid, or to forbid the use
of; to interdict approach to, or use of; as, to <i>taboo</i> the ground set
apart as a sanctuary for criminals.</def> [Written also <i>tabu</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ta"bor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>tabor</i>,
<i>tabour</i>, F. <i>tambour</i>; cf. Pr. <i>tabor</i>, <i>tanbor</i>, Sp.
& Pg. <i>tambor</i>, <i>atambor</i>, It. <i>tamburo</i>; all fr. Ar. &amp; Per.
<i>tamb&?;r</i> a kind of lute, or giutar, or Per. <i>tab&imacr;r</i> a
drum.  Cf. <u>Tabouret</u>, <u>Tambour</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small
drum used as an accompaniment to a pipe or fife, both being played by the
same person.</def> [Written also <i>tabour</i>, and <i>taber</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ta"bor</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tabored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Taboring</u>.]
[Cf. OF. <i>taborer</i>.] [Written also <i>tabour</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To play on a tabor, or little drum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike lightly and frequently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"bor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make (a sound) with a
tabor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"bor*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who plays on the
tabor.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tab"o*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>tabor</i>.  Cf.
<u>Tabret</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small tabor.</def> [Written also
<i>tabouret</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tab"o*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>tabourin</i>, F.
<i>tambourin</i>. See <u>Tabor</u>, and cf. <u>Tambourine</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small, shallow drum; a tabor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"bor*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of certain Bohemian reformers who suffered persecution in the
fifteenth century; -- so called from <i>Tabor</i>, a hill or fortress where
they encamped during a part of their struggles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"bour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tabor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tab"ou*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of OF.
<i>tabor</i>, <i>tabour</i>, drum. See <u>Tabor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Same as <u>Taboret</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A seat without arms or back, cushioned and
stuffed: a high stool; -- so called from its resemblance to a
drum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An embroidery frame.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Right of the tabouret</b></col>, <cd>the privilege of sitting on
a tabouret in the presence of the severeign, formerly granted to certain
ladies of high rank at the French court.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tab"rere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A taborer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tab"ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A taboret.</def>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ta*bu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Taboo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tab"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tabul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A table; a
tablet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the transverse plants
found in the calicles of certain corals and hydroids.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tabula rasa</b></col> (&?;) [L.], <cd>a smoothed tablet; hence,
figuratively, the mind in its earliest state, before receiving impressions
from without; -- a term used by Hobbes, Locke, and others, in maintaining a
theory opposed to the doctrine of <i>innate ideas</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tab"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tabularis</i>, fr.
<i>tabula</i> a board, table. See <u>Table</u>.] <def>Having the form of,
or pertaining to, a table (in any of the uses of the word).</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having a flat surface; as, a <i>tabular</i>
rock.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Formed into a succession of flakes;
laminated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nodules . . . that are <i>tabular</i> and
plated.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Set in squares.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Arranged in a schedule; as, <i>tabular</i>
statistics.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Derived from, or computed by, the use of
tables; as, <i>tabular</i> right ascension.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tabular difference</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the difference
between two consecutive numbers in a table, sometimes printed in its proper
place in the table.</cd> -- <col><b>Tabular spar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>wollastonite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tab`u*lar*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
tabularizing, or the state of being tabularized; formation into tables;
tabulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tab"u*lar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tabularized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tabularizing</u> (?).] <def>To tabulate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tab`u*la"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>tabulatus</i> floored.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An artificial group of
stony corals including those which have transverse septa in the calicles.
The genera <i>Pocillopora</i> and Favosites are examples.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Tab"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tabulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tabulating</u>.] [L. <i>tabula</i> a table. See <u>Tabular</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form into a table or tables; to reduce to tables
or synopses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A philosophy is not worth the having, unless its results may
be <i>tabulated</i>, and put in figures.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shape with a flat surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tab`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of forming
into a table or tables; as, the <i>tabulation</i> of statistics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tack</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A kind of customary
payment by a tenant; -- a word used in old records.</def>  <i>Cowell.
Burrill.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tac"a*ma*hac`</hw> (?), <hw>Tac`a*ma*ha"ca</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bitter balsamic resin
obtained from tropical American trees of the genus <i>Elaphrium</i> (<i>E.
tomentosum</i> and <i>E. Tacamahaca</i>), and also from East Indian trees
of the genus <i>Calophyllum</i>; also, the resinous exhudation of the
balsam poplar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any tree yielding tacamahac resin,
especially, in North America, the balsam poplar, or balm of Gilead
(<i>Populus balsamifera</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*caud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tacaud</i>. See
<u>Tomcod</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bib, or whiting pout.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The cross, or church, of
St. Antony. See <i>Illust.</i> (6), under <u>Cross</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>  <i>Mollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tace</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Tasse</u>.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ta"cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. impers.</i></pos> [L., it is silent,
3d pers.pr. of <i>tacere</i> to be silent.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>It is
silent; -- a direction for a vocal or instrumental part to be silent during
a whole movement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tache</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tack</u> a kind of
nail.] <def>Something used for taking hold or holding; a catch; a loop; a
button.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ex. xxvi. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tache</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tache</i> spot. See
<u>Techy</u>.] <def>A spot, stain, or blemish.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tach*hy"drite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>tachy`s</grk>
quick + <grk>"y`dwr</grk> water. So named from its ready deliquescence.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous chloride of calcium and magnesium occurring in
yellowish masses which rapidly deliquesce upon exposure. It is found in the
salt mines at Stassfurt.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tach"i*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tachin&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, for &?; swift.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of Diptera belonging
to <i>Tachina</i> and allied genera. Their larv&aelig; are external
parasites of other insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*chom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; swiftness,
speed (fr. <grk>tachy`s</grk> quick) + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F.
<i>tachom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the velocity,
or indicating changes in the velocity, of a moving body or substance.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument for measuring the velocity of
running water in a river or canal, consisting of a wheel with inclined
vanes, which is turned by the current. The rotations of the wheel are
recorded by clockwork.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument for showing at any moment the
speed of a revolving shaft, consisting of a delicate revolving conical
pendulum which is driven by the shaft, and the action of which by change of
speed moves a pointer which indicates the speed on a graduated
dial.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring
the velocity of the blood; a h&aelig;matachometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tach"y*di*dax`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>tachy`s</grk> quick + &?; teaching.] <def>A short or rapid method of
instructing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Tach`y*glos"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>tachy`s</grk> quick + &?; tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of monotremes which comprises the spiny ant-eaters of Australia and New
Guinea. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Echidna</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tach`y*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Tach`y*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tachygraphique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to tachygraphy; written in shorthand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*chyg"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>tachy`s</grk> quick + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>tachygraphie</i>.]
<def>The art or practice of rapid writing; shorthand writing;
stenography.</def>  <i>I. Taylor (The Alphabet).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tach"y*lyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>tachy`s</grk>
quick + &?; to dissolve.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A vitreous form of basalt; --
so called because decomposable by acids and readily fusible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tac"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tacitus</i>, p. p. of
<i>tacere</i> to be silent, to pass over in silence; akin to Goth.
<i>&thorn;ahan</i> to be silent, Icel. <i>&thorn;egja</i>, OHG.
<i>dag&emacr;n</i>: cf. F. <i>tacite</i>.  Cf. <u>Reticent</u>.] <def>Done
or made in silence; implied, but not expressed; silent; as, <i>tacit</i>
consent is consent by silence, or by not interposing an objection.</def> --
<wf>Tac"it*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tacit</i> and secret theft of abusing our brother in
civil contracts.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tac"i*turn</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>taciturnus</i>: cf.
F. <i>taciturne</i>. See <u>Tacit</u>.] <def>Habitually silent; not given
to converse; not apt to talk or speak.</def> -- <wf>Tac"i*turn*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Silent; reserved.  <u>Taciturn</u>, <u>Silent</u>.
<i>Silent</i> has reference to the act; <i>taciturn</i>, to the habit. A
man may be <i>silent</i> from circumstances; he is <i>taciturn</i> from
disposition. The loquacious man is at times <i>silent</i>; one who is
<i>taciturn</i> may now and then make an effort at conversation.</p>

<p><hw>Tac`i*tur"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>taciturnitas</i>: cf. F. <i>taciturnit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Habilual
silence, or reserve in speaking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cause of Addison's <i>taciturnity</i> was a natural
diffidence in the company of strangers.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>taciturnity</i> and the short answers which gave so
much offense.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From an old or dialectal form
of F. <i>tache</i>. See <u>Techy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stain; a
tache.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Cf. L. <i>tactus</i>.] <def>A peculiar flavor or
taint; as, a musty <i>tack</i>.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tak</i>, <i>takke</i>, a
fastening; akin to D. <i>tak</i> a branch, twig, G. <i>zacke</i> a twig,
prong, spike, Dan. <i>takke</i> a tack, spike; cf. also Sw. <i>tagg</i>
prickle, point, Icel. <i>t&amacr;g</i> a willow twig, Ir. <i>taca</i> a
peg, nail, fastening, Gael. <i>tacaid</i>, Armor. &amp; Corn. <i>tach</i>;
perhaps akin to E. <i>take</i>.  Cf. <u>Attach</u>, <u>Attack</u>,
<u>Detach</u>, <u>Tag</u> an end, <u>Zigzag</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
small, short, sharp-pointed nail, usually having a broad, flat
head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is attached; a supplement; an
appendix. See <u>Tack</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 3.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>tacks</i> had been made to money bills in King
Charles's time.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1468 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A rope used
to hold in place the foremost lower corners of the courses when the vessel
is closehauled (see <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ship</u>); also, a rope employed
to pull the lower corner of a studding sail to the boom.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The part of a sail to which the tack is usually
fastened; the foremost lower corner of fore-and-aft sails, as of schooners
(see <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Sail</u>).</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
direction of a vessel in regard to the trim of her sails; as, the starboard
<i>tack</i>, or port <i>tack</i>; -- the former when she is closehauled
with the wind on her starboard side; hence, the run of a vessel on one
tack; also, a change of direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A contract by which the use
of a thing is set, or let, for hire; a lease.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Confidence; reliance.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tack of a flag</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a line spliced into
the eye at the foot of the hoist for securing the flag to the
halyards.</cd> -- <col><b>Tack pins</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>belaying
pins; -- also called <i>jack pins</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To haul the tacks
aboard</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to set the courses.</cd> -- <col><b>To
hold tack</b></col>, <cd>to last or hold out.</cd> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tack</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tacked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tacking</u>.] [Cf. OD. <i>tacken</i> to touch, take, seize, fix, akin to
E. <i>take</i>. See <u>Tack</u> a small nail.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
fasten or attach.</def> "In hopes of getting some commendam <i>tacked</i>
to their sees."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>tacks</i> the center to the sphere.</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, to attach or secure in a slight or
hasty manner, as by stitching or nailing; as, to <i>tack</i> together the
sheets of a book; to <i>tack</i> one piece of cloth to another; to
<i>tack</i> on a board or shingle; to <i>tack</i> one piece of metal to
another by drops of solder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In parliamentary usage, to add (a supplement) to
a bill; to append; -- often with <i>on</i> or <i>to</i>.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To change the direction of (a
vessel) when sailing closehauled, by putting the helm alee and shifting the
tacks and sails so that she will proceed to windward nearly at right angles
to her former course.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In tacking, a vessel is brought to point at first directly to
windward, and then so that the wind will blow against the other side.</p>

<p><hw>Tack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To change the
direction of a vessel by shifting the position of the helm and sails; also
(as said of a vessel), to have her direction changed through the shifting
of the helm and sails. See <u>Tack</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
4.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Monk, . . . when he wanted his ship to <i>tack</i> to
larboard, moved the mirth of his crew by calling out, "Wheel to the
left."</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tack"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tacks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tack"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>tack</i> a small
nail.] <def>A small, broad-headed nail.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tack"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tacky</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tack"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A union of
securities given at different times, all of which must be redeemed before
an intermediate purchaser can interpose his claim.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The doctrine of <i>tacking</i> is not recognized in American law.
<i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tac"kle</hw> (?; sometimes improperly pronounced ?, especially by
seamen), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>takel</i>, akin to LG. &amp; D.
<i>takel</i>, Dan. <i>takkel</i>, Sw. <i>tackel</i>; perhaps akin to E.
<i>taw</i>, v.t., or to <i>take</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Apparatus for
raising or lowering heavy weights, consisting of a rope and pulley blocks;
sometimes, the rope and attachments, as distinct from the block.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any instruments of action; an apparatus by which
an object is moved or operated; gear; as, fishing <i>tackle</i>, hunting
<i>tackle</i>; formerly, specifically, weapons.</def> "She to her
<i>tackle</i> fell."  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In Chaucer, it denotes usually an arrow or arrows.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The rigging and apparatus of a
ship; also, any purchase where more than one block is used.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fall and tackle</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Pulley</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fishing tackle</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fishing</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Ground
tackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>anchors, cables, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Gun tackle</b></col>, <cd>the apparatus or appliances for hauling
cannon in or out.</cd> -- <col><b>Tackle fall</b></col>, <cd>the rope, or
rather the end of the rope, of a tackle, to which the power is
applied.</cd> -- <col><b>Tack tackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a small
tackle to pull down the tacks of the principal sails.</cd> --
<col><b>Tackle board</b></col>, <col><b>Tackle post</b></col>
<i>(Ropemaking)</i>, <cd>a board, frame, or post, at the end of a ropewalk,
for supporting the spindels, or whirls, for twisting the yarns.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tac"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tackled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tackling</u>.] [Cf. LG. <i>takeln</i> to equip. See <u>Tackle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To supply with tackle.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fasten or attach, as with a tackle; to
harness; as, to <i>tackle</i> a horse into a coach or wagon.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To seize; to lay hold of; to grapple; as, a
wrestler <i>tackles</i> his antagonist; a dog <i>tackles</i> the
game.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The greatest poetess of our day has wasted her time and
strength in <i>tackling</i> windmills under conditions the most fitted to
insure her defeat.</blockquote> <i>Dublin Univ. Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tac"kled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of ropes tacked
together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My man shall be with thee,<BR>
And bring thee cords made like a <i>tackled</i> stair.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tac"kling</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Furniture of the masts and yards of a vessel, as
cordage, sails, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Instruments of action; as, fishing
<i>tackling</i>.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The straps and fixures adjusted to an animal, by
which he draws a carriage, or the like; harness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tacks"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tacksmen</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>One who holds a
tack or lease from another; a tenant, or lessee.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tacksmen</i>, who formed what may be called the
"peerage" of the little community, must be the captains.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tack"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Techy</u>, <u>Tack</u>
a spot.] <def>Sticky; adhesive; raw; -- said of paint, varnish, etc., when
not well dried.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ta*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Designating, or pertaining to, the series of rocks forming the
<i>Taconic</i> mountains in Western New England. They were once supposed to
be older than the Cambrian, but later proved to belong to the Lower
Silurian and Cambrian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tact</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tactus</i> a touching,
touch, fr. <i>tangere</i>, <i>tactum</i>, to touch: cf. F. <i>tact</i>. See
<u>Tangent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sense of touch;
feeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Did you suppose that I could not make myself sensible to
<i>tact</i> as well as sight?</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, sight is a very refined <i>tact</i>.</blockquote> <i>J.
Le Conte.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The stroke in beating
time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sensitive mental touch; peculiar skill or
faculty; nice perception or discernment; ready power of appreciating and
doing what is required by circumstances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had formed plans not inferior in grandeur and boldness to
those of Richelieu, and had carried them into effect with a <i>tact</i> and
wariness worthy of Mazarin.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>tact</i> which surpassed the <i>tact</i> of her sex as
much as the <i>tact</i> of her sex surpassed the <i>tact</i> of
ours.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tac"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
touched; tangible.</def> [R.] "They [women] being created to be both
tractable and <i>tactable</i>."  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tac"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Tac"tic*al</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. &?;. See <u>tactics</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the art of military
and naval tactics.</def> -- <wf>Tac"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tactics</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tac*ti"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tacticien</i>.] <def>One versed in tactics; hence, a skillful
maneuverer; an adroit manager.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Tac"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, pl., and &?; (sc.
&?;, sing., fr. &?; fit for ordering or arranging, fr. &?;, &?;, to put in
order, to arrange: cf. F. <i>tactique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
science and art of disposing military and naval forces in order for battle,
and performing military and naval evolutions. It is divided into <i>grand
tactics</i>, or the tactics of battles, and <i>elementary tactics</i>, or
the tactics of instruction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any system or method of
procedure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tac"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tactilis</i>, fr.
<i>tangere</i>, <i>tactum</i>, to touch: cf. F. <i>tactile</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the organs, or the sense, of touch; perceiving, or
perceptible, by the touch; capable of being touched; as, <i>tactile</i>
corpuscles; <i>tactile</i> sensations.</def> "<i>Tactile</i> sweets."
<i>Beaumont.</i> "<i>Tactile</i> qualities." <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tactile</b></col><cd> sense <i>(Physiol.)</i>, the sense of
touch, or pressure sense. See <u>Touch</u>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The delicacy of the <i>tactile</i> sense varies on different
parts of the skin; it is geatest on the forehead, temples and back of the
forearm.</blockquote> <i>H. N. Martin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tac*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tactilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being tactile;
perceptibility by touch; tangibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tactio</i>, from
<i>tangere</i>, <i>tactum</i>, to touch.] <def>The act of touching; touch;
contact; tangency.</def> "External <i>taction</i>."
<i>Chesterfield.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tact"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
tact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tac"tu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Tact</u>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the sense, or the organs, of
touch; derived from touch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the lowest organisms we have a kind of <i>tactual</i>
sense diffused over the entire body.</blockquote> <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tad"pole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tadde</i> toad (AS.
<i>t&amacr;die</i>, <i>t&amacr;dige</i>) + <i>poll</i>; properly, a toad
that is or seems all head. See <u>Toad</u>, and <u>Poll</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The young aquatic larva of any
amphibian. In this stage it breathes by means of external or internal
gills, is at first destitute of legs, and has a finlike tail. Called also
<i>polliwig</i>, <i>polliwog</i>, <i>porwiggle</i>, or
<i>purwiggy</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hooded merganser.</def>
[Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Tadpole fish</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Forkbeard</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||T&aelig;"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>See
<u>Tedium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tael</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay <i>ta&?;l</i>, a certain
weight, probably fr. Hind. <i>tola</i>, Skr. <i>tul&amacr;</i> a balance,
weight, <i>tul</i> to weigh.] <def>A denomination of money, in China, worth
nearly six shillings sterling, or about a dollar and forty cents; also, a
weight of one ounce and a third.</def> [Written also <i>tale</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Taen</hw> (?), or <hw>Ta'en</hw>  }, <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
of <u>Ta</u>, to take, or a contraction of <u>Taken</u>.</def> [Poetic &
Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>||T&aelig;"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>T&aelig;ni&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a ribbon, a tapeworm.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of intestinal worms
which includes the common tapeworms of man. See <u>Tapeworm</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A band; a structural line; --
applied to several bands and lines of nervous matter in the
brain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The fillet, or band, at the
bottom of a Doric frieze, separating it from the architrave.</def></p>

<p><hw>||T&aelig;*ni"a*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>T&aelig;nioidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||T&aelig;`ni*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>taenia</i> a ribbon.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Ctenophora
including those which have a long, ribbonlike body. The Venus's girdle is
the most familiar example.</def></p>

<p><hw>||T&aelig;*nid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>T&aelig;nidia</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. fr. L. <i>taenia</i> a
ribbon.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chitinous fiber forming the spiral
thread of the trache&aelig; of insects. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Trachea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||T&aelig;`ni*o*glos"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a ribbon + &?; a tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive
division of gastropod mollusks in which the odontophore is long and narrow,
and usually bears seven rows of teeth. It includes a large number of
families both marine and fresh-water.</def></p>

<p><hw>T&aelig;`ni*o*glos"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
T&aelig;nioglossa.</def></p>

<p><hw>T&aelig;"ni*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>T&aelig;nia</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ribbonlike; shaped like a
ribbon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to
T&aelig;nia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||T&aelig;`ni*oi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The division of cestode worms which comprises the
tapeworms. See <u>Tapeworm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||T&aelig;*ni"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>T&aelig;niol&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., dim. of <i>taenia</i> a
ribbon.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the radial partitions which
separate the internal cavities of certain medus&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||T&aelig;`ni*o*so"mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; ribbon + &?; body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of fishes
remarkable for their long and compressed form. The ribbon fishes are
examples. See <i>Ribbon fish</i>, under <u>Ribbon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taf"fer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Taffrail</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Taf"fe*ta</hw> (?), <hw>Taf"fe*ty</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>taffetas</i>, It. <i>taffet&agrave;</i>, from Per.
<i>t&amacr;ftah</i>, originally, twisted, woven, from <i>t&amacr;ftan</i>
to twist, to spin.] <def>A fine, smooth stuff of silk, having usually the
wavy luster called <i>watering</i>. The term has also been applied to
different kinds of silk goods, from the 16th century to modern
times.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lined with <i>taffeta</i> and with sendal.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taff"rail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>tafereel</i> a
panel, picture, fr. <i>tafel</i> table, fr. L. <i>tabula</i>. See
<u>Table</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The upper part of a ship's stern, which
is flat like a table on the top, and sometimes ornamented with carved work;
the rail around a ship's stern.</def> [Written also <i>tafferel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Taf"fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>taffy</i> toffy.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of candy made of molasses or brown sugar
boiled down and poured out in shallow pans.</def> [Written also, in
England, <i>toffy</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Flattery; soft phrases.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Taf"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. &amp; Sp. <i>tafia</i>,
It. <i>taffia</i>; fr. Malay <i>t&amacr;f&imacr;a</i> a spirit distilled
from molasses.  Cf. <u>Ratafia</u>.] <def>A variety of rum.</def> [West
Indies]</p>

<p><hw>Tag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably akin to <i>tack</i> a
small nail; cf. Sw. <i>tagg</i> a prickle, point, tooth.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any slight appendage, as to an article of dress;
something slight hanging loosely; specifically, a direction card, or
label.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A metallic binding, tube, or point, at the end
of a string, or lace, to stiffen it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The end, or catchword, of an actor's speech;
cue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something mean and paltry; the rabble.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Tag and rag</b></col>, <cd>the lowest sort; the rabble.</cd>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A sheep of the first year.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tagging</u> (?).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fit with, or as with, a tag or tags.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He learned to make long-<i>tagged</i> thread
laces.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His courteous host . . . <BR>
<i>Tags</i> every sentence with some fawning word.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To join; to fasten; to attach.</def>
<i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To follow closely after; esp., to follow and
touch in the game of tag. See <u>Tag</u>, a play.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tag</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To follow closely, as it were
an appendage; -- often with <i>after</i>; as, to <i>tag</i> after a
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Tag</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>; cf. <u>Tag</u>, an end.] <def>A child's play in which
one runs after and touches another, and then runs away to avoid being
touched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tag"belt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Tagsore</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tag"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, appends or joins one thing to another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is pointed like a tag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hedgehogs' or procupines' small <i>taggers</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Cotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Sheets of tin or other plate which
run below the gauge.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A device for removing taglocks from sheep.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tag"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little tag.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tagl"ia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., a cutting, a pulley,
from <i>tagliare</i> to cut. See <u>Tailor</u>.] <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A
peculiar combination of pulleys.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tagl`ia*co"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to <i>Tagliacozzi</i>, a Venetian surgeon; as, the
<i>Tagliacotian</i> operation, a method of rhinoplasty described by
him.</def> [Also <i>Taliacotian</i>, and <i>Tagliacozzian</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tagl*io"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of outer coat,
or overcoat; -- said to be so named after a celebrated Italian family of
professional dancers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He ought certainly to exchange his <i>taglioni</i>, or
comfortable greatcoat, for a cuirass of steel.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tag"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An entangled lock, as
of hair or wool.</def>  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tag"ni*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The white-lipped peccary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tag"-rag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> [See <u>Tag</u> an
end, and <u>Rag</u>.] <def>The lowest class of people; the rabble.  Cf.
<i>Rag, tag, and bobtail</i>, under <u>Bobtail</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the <i>tag-rag</i> people did not clap him and hiss him,
I am no true man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tag"sore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>Adhesion
of the tail of a sheep to the wool from excoriation produced by contact
with the feces; -- called also <i>tagbelt</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tag"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
worm which has its tail conspicuously colored.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who attaches himself to another against
the will of the latter; a hanger-on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tag"u*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name in the
East Indies.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large flying squirrel (<i>Pteromys
petuarista</i>). Its body becomes two feet long, with a large bushy tail
nearly as long.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1469 !></p>

<p><hw>Ta`gui*ca"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The white-lipped peccary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The African rufous-necked
weaver bird (<i>Hyphantornis texor</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*ha"leb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fox (<i>Vulpes Niloticus</i>) of Northern
Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*hi"ti*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Tahiti, an island in the Pacific Ocean.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A native inhabitant of Tahiti.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tahr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Thar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>taille</i> a cutting. See
<u>Entail</u>, <u>Tally</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Limitation;
abridgment.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Estate in tail</b></col>, <cd>a limited, abridged, or reduced
fee; an estate limited to certain heirs, and from which the other heirs are
precluded; -- called also <i>estate tail</i>.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tail</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Limited; abridged;
reduced; curtailed; as, estate <i>tail</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>t&aelig;gel</i>,
<i>t&aelig;gl</i>; akin to G. <i>zagel</i>, Icel. <i>tagl</i>, Sw.
<i>tagel</i>, Goth. <i>tagl</i> hair. &radic;59.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The terminal, and usually flexible, posterior
appendage of an animal.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The tail of mammals and reptiles contains a series of movable
vertebr&aelig;, and is covered with flesh and hairs or scales like those of
other parts of the body. The tail of existing birds consists of several
more or less consolidated vertebr&aelig; which supports a fanlike group of
quills to which the term <i>tail</i> is more particularly applied. The tail
of fishes consists of the tapering hind portion of the body ending in a
caudal fin. The term <i>tail</i> is sometimes applied to the entire abdomen
of a crustacean or insect, and sometimes to the terminal piece or pygidium
alone.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any long, flexible terminal appendage; whatever
resembles, in shape or position, the tail of an animal, as a
catkin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Doretus writes a great praise of the distilled waters of
those <i>tails</i> that hang on willow trees.</blockquote>
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the back, last, lower, or inferior part
of anything, -- as opposed to the <i>head</i>, or the superior
part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord will make thee the head, and not the
<i>tail</i>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxviii. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A train or company of attendants; a
retinue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Ah," said he, "if you saw but the chief with his
<i>tail</i> on."</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The side of a coin opposite to that which bears
the head, effigy, or date; the reverse; -- rarely used except in the
expression "heads or tails," employed when a coin is thrown up for the
purpose of deciding some point by its fall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The distal tendon of a
muscle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A downy or feathery appendage to
certain achenes. It is formed of the permanent elongated style.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A portion of
an incision, at its beginning or end, which does not go through the whole
thickness of the skin, and is more painful than a complete incision; --
called also <i>tailing</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the
strips at the end of a bandage formed by splitting the bandage one or more
times.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope spliced to the strap of a
block, by which it may be lashed to anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The part of a note which runs
perpendicularly upward or downward from the head; the stem.</def>  <i>Moore
(Encyc. of Music).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Same as <u>Tailing</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The bottom or lower portion of a
member or part, as a slate or tile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>See <u>Tailing</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tail beam</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Tailpiece</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tail coverts</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the feathers which cover the bases of the tail
quills. They are sometimes much longer than the quills, and form elegant
plumes. Those above the quills are called the <i>upper tail coverts</i>,
and those below, the <i>under tail coverts</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tail
end</b></col>, <cd>the latter end; the termination; as, the <i>tail end</i>
of a contest.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Tail joist</b></col>.
<i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Tailpiece</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tail of a
comet</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a luminous train extending from the
nucleus or body, often to a great distance, and usually in a direction
opposite to the sun.</cd> -- <col><b>Tail of a gale</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the latter part of it, when the wind has greatly
abated.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Tail of a lock</b></col> (on a
canal), <cd>the lower end, or entrance into the lower pond.</cd> --
<col><b>Tail of the trenches</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>the post where
the besiegers begin to break ground, and cover themselves from the fire of
the place, in advancing the lines of approach.</cd> -- <col><b>Tail
spindle</b></col>, <cd>the spindle of the tailstock of a turning lathe; --
called also <i>dead spindle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn tail</b></col>,
<cd>to run away; to flee.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Would she <i>turn tail</i> to the heron, and fly quite out
another way; but all was to return in a higher pitch.</blockquote> <i>Sir
P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To follow
or hang to, like a tail; to be attached closely to, as that which can not
be evaded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nevertheless his bond of two thousand pounds, wherewith he
was <i>tailed</i>, continued uncanceled, and was called on the next
Parliament.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pull or draw by the tail.</def> [R.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To tail in</b></col> or <col><b>on</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>to fasten by one of the ends into a wall or some other support; as,
<i>to tail in</i> a timber.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tail</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>To hold by the end; -- said of a timber when it rests upon a wall or
other support; -- with <i>in</i> or <i>into</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To swing with the stern in a
certain direction; -- said of a vessel at anchor; as, this vessel
<i>tails</i> down stream.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tail on</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See <i>Tally on</i>, under
<u>Tally</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tail"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>See <u>Tallage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail"-bay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the joists which rest one end on the wall and
the other on a girder; also, the space between a wall and the nearest
girder of a floor.  Cf. <u>Case-bay</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part of a canal lock below the lower
gates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail"block`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
block with a tail. See <u>Tail</u>, 9.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The board at the
rear end of a cart or wagon, which can be removed or let down, for
convenience in loading or unloading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tailed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a tail; having
(such) a tail or (so many) tails; -- chiefly used in composition; as,
bob<i>tailed</i>, long<i>tailed</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Snouted and <i>tailed</i> like a boar.</blockquote>
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tail"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The part of a projecting stone or brick inserted in a
wall.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Tail</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sexual intercourse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The lighter parts of grain separated
from the seed threshing and winnowing; chaff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The refuse part of
stamped ore, thrown behind the tail of the buddle or washing apparatus. It
is dressed over again to secure whatever metal may exist in it.  Called
also <i>tails</i>.</def>  <i>Pryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taille</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Tally</u>,
<u>Tailor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tally; an account scored on a
piece of wood.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whether that he paid or took by <i>taille</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. F. Law)</i> <def>Any imposition levied by the
king, or any other lord, upon his subjects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>taille</i>, as it still subsists in France, may serve
as an example of those ancient tallages. It was a tax upon the profits of
the farmer, which they estimate by the stock that he has upon the
farm.</blockquote> <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The French name for the tenor
voice or part; also, for the tenor viol or viola.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no tail.</def>
<i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tail"lie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Tailzie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tai"lor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>tailleor</i>, F.
<i>tailleur</i>, fr. OF. <i>taillier</i>, F. <i>tailler</i> to cut, fr. L.
<i>talea</i> a rod, stick, a cutting, layer for planting.  Cf.
<u>Detail</u>, <u>Entail</u>, <u>Retail</u>, <u>Tally</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One whose occupation is to
cut out and make men's garments; also, one who cuts out and makes ladies'
outer garments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well said, good woman's <i>tailor</i> . . . I would thou
wert a man's <i>tailor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
mattowacca; -- called also <i>tailor herring</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The silversides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The goldfish.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Salt-water tailor</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
bluefish.</cd> [Local, U. S.] <i>Bartlett.</i> -- <col><b>Tailor
bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of
small Asiatic and East Indian singing birds belonging to <i>Orthotomus</i>,
<i>Prinia</i>, and allied genera. They are noted for the skill with which
they sew leaves together to form nests. The common Indian species are <i>O.
longicauda</i>, which has the back, scapulars, and upper tail coverts
yellowish green, and the under parts white; and the golden-headed tailor
bird (<i>O. coronatus</i>), which has the top of the head golden yellow and
the back and wings pale olive-green.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tai"lor</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tailored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tailoring</u>.] <def>To practice making men's clothes; to follow the
business of a tailor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>tailoring</i> artists for our lays<BR>
Invent cramped rules.</blockquote> <i>M. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tai"lor*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
tailor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tai"lor*ing</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>The business or the
work of a tailor or a tailoress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
piece at the end; an appendage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the timbers which tail
into a header, in floor framing. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Header</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>An ornament placed at the bottom
of a short page to fill up the space, or at the end of a book.</def>
<i>Savage.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece of ebony or other material attached to
the lower end of a violin or similar instrument, to which the strings are
fastened.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail"pin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The
center in the spindle of a turning lathe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail"race`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>See <u>Race</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The channel in which tailings,
suspended in water, are conducted away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail"stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The sliding block or
support, in a lathe, which carries the dead spindle, or adjustable center.
The <i>headstock</i> supports the live spindle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail"-wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Water in a
tailrace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail"zie</hw> (-z&ibreve; or -y&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>tailler</i> to cut. See <u>Tail</u> a limitation.] <i>(Scots Law)</i>
<def>An entailment or deed whereby the legal course of succession is cut
off, and an arbitrary one substituted.</def> [Written also
<i>tailzee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tein</i>, <i>teyne</i>;
cf. Icel. <i>teinn</i> a twig, akin to AS. <i>t&amacr;n</i>, Goth.
<i>tains</i>.] <def>Thin tin plate; also, tin foil for mirrors.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>atteinte</i> a blow,
bit, stroke. See <u>Attaint</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thrust with a
lance, which fails of its intended effect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>taint</i> he followed with his sword drawn from a
silver sheath.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An injury done to a lance in an encounter,
without its being broken; also, a breaking of a lance in an encounter in a
dishonorable or unscientific manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Taint</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tainted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tainting</u>.]
<def>To thrust ineffectually with a lance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Taint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
injure, as a lance, without breaking it; also, to break, as a lance, but
usually in an unknightly or unscientific manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Do not fear; I have<BR>
A staff to <i>taint</i>, and bravely.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hit or touch lightly, in tilting.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>tainted</i> each other on the helms and passed
by.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>teint</i>, p. p. of
<i>teindre</i> to dye, tinge, fr. L. <i>tingere</i>, <i>tinctum</i>. See
<u>Tinge</u>, and cf. <u>Tint</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To imbue or
impregnate with something extraneous, especially with something odious,
noxious, or poisonous; hence, to corrupt; to infect; to poison; as, putrid
substance <i>taint</i> the air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To stain; to sully; to tarnish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His unkindness may defeat my life,<BR>
But never <i>taint</i> my love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To contaminate; defile; pollute; corrupt; infect;
disease; vitiate; poison.</p>

<p><hw>Taint</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be infected or corrupted; to be touched with something
corrupting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not <i>taint</i> with fear.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be affected with incipient putrefaction; as,
meat soon <i>taints</i> in warm weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tincture;
hue; color; tinge.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Infection; corruption; deprivation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had inherited from his parents a scrofulous <i>taint</i>,
which it was beyond the power of medicine to remove.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A blemish on reputation; stain; spot;
disgrace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taint"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from taint or
infection; pure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taint"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a taintless
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tain"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>teinture</i>. See
<u>Taint</u> to stain, and cf. <u>Tincture</u>.] <def>Taint; tinge;
difilement; stain; spot.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taint"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A destructive parasitic worm or insect larva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tai"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Tayra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tairn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Tarn</u>.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tait</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
nocturnal and arboreal Australian marsupial (<i>Tarsipes rostratus</i>)
about the size of a mouse. It has a long muzzle, a long tongue, and very
few teeth, and feeds upon honey and insects. Called also
<i>noolbenger</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ta*ja&ccedil;"u</hw>, <hw>Ta*jas"su</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>taja&ccedil;&uacute;</i>, from Braz.
<i>taya&ccedil;&uacute;</i> a hog or swine.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
common, or collared, peccary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Take</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Take</u>.
<def>Taken.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1470 !></p>

<p><hw>Take</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Took</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Takend</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Taking</u>.] [Icel. <i>taka</i>; akin to Sw.
<i>taga</i>, Dan. <i>tage</i>, Goth. <i>t&emacr;kan</i> to touch; of
uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an active sense; To lay hold
of; to seize with the hands, or otherwise; to grasp; to get into one's hold
or possession; to procure; to seize and carry away; to convey.</def> Hence,
specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To obtain possession of by force or artifice;
to get the custody or control of; to reduce into subjection to one's power
or will; to capture; to seize; to make prisoner; as, to <i>take</i> am
army, a city, or a ship; also, to come upon or befall; to fasten on; to
attack; to seize; -- said of a disease, misfortune, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This man was <i>taken</i> of the Jews.</blockquote> <i>Acts
xxiii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men in their loose, unguarded hours they <i>take</i>;<BR>
Not that themselves are wise, but others weak.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They that come abroad after these showers are commonly
<i>taken</i> with sickness.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There he blasts the tree and <i>takes</i> the cattle<BR>
And makes milch kine yield blood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To gain or secure the interest or affection of;
to captivate; to engage; to interest; to charm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither let her <i>take</i> thee with her
eyelids.</blockquote> <i>Prov. vi. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cleombroutus was so <i>taken</i> with this prospect, that he
had no patience.</blockquote> <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know not why, but there was a something in those half-seen
features, -- a charm in the very shadow that hung over their imagined
beauty, -- which <i>took</i> me more than all the outshining loveliness of
her companions.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To make selection of; to choose; also, to turn
to; to have recourse to; as, to <i>take</i> the road to the
right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Saul said, Cast lots between me and Jonathan my son. And
Jonathan was <i>taken</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xiv. 42.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The violence of storming is the course which God is forced
to <i>take</i> for the destroying . . . of sinners.</blockquote>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To employ; to use; to occupy; hence, to demand;
to require; as, it <i>takes</i> so much cloth to make a coat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This man always <i>takes</i> time . . . before he passes his
judgments.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To form a likeness of; to copy; to delineate;
to picture; as, to <i>take</i> picture of a person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beauty alone could beauty <i>take</i> so right.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To draw; to deduce; to derive.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The firm belief of a future judgment is the most forcible
motive to a good life, because <i>taken</i> from this consideration of the
most lasting happiness and misery.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>To assume; to adopt; to acquire, as shape; to
permit to one's self; to indulge or engage in; to yield to; to have or
feel; to enjoy or experience, as rest, revenge, delight, shame; to form and
adopt, as a resolution; -- used in general senses, limited by a following
complement, in many idiomatic phrases; as, to <i>take</i> a resolution; I
<i>take</i> the liberty to say.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>To lead; to conduct; as, to <i>take</i> a child
to church.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>To carry; to convey; to deliver to another; to
hand over; as, he <i>took</i> the book to the bindery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>took</i> me certain gold, I wot it well.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(k)</i></sd> <def>To remove; to withdraw; to deduct; -- with
<i>from</i>; as, to <i>take</i> the breath from one; to <i>take</i> two
from four.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a somewhat passive sense, to receive; to
bear; to endure; to acknowledge; to accept.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To accept, as something offered; to receive;
not to refuse or reject; to admit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall <i>take</i> no satisfaction for the life of a
murderer.</blockquote> <i>Num. xxxv. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not a widow be <i>taken</i> into the number under
threescore.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. v. 10.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To receive as something to be eaten or dronk;
to partake of; to swallow; as, to <i>take</i> food or wine.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Not to refuse or balk at; to undertake readily;
to clear; as, to <i>take</i> a hedge or fence.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To bear without ill humor or resentment; to
submit to; to tolerate; to endure; as, to <i>take</i> a joke; he will
<i>take</i> an affront from no man.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To admit, as, something presented to the mind;
not to dispute; to allow; to accept; to receive in thought; to entertain in
opinion; to understand; to interpret; to regard or look upon; to consider;
to suppose; as, to <i>take</i> a thing for granted; this I <i>take</i> to
be man's motive; to <i>take</i> men for spies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>take</i> me right.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Charity, <i>taken</i> in its largest extent, is nothing else
but the science love of God and our neighbor.</blockquote> <i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] <i>took</i> that for virtue and affection which was
nothing but vice in a disguise.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You'd doubt his sex, and <i>take</i> him for a
girl.</blockquote> <i>Tate.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>To accept the word or offer of; to receive and
accept; to bear; to submit to; to enter into agreement with; -- used in
general senses; as, to <i>take</i> a form or shape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>take</i> thee at thy word.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet thy moist clay is pliant to command; . . . <BR>
Not <i>take</i> the mold.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be taken aback</b></col>, <col><b>To take advantage
of</b></col>, <col><b>To take air</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under
<u>Aback</u>, <u>Advantage</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To take aim</b></col>,
<cd>to direct the eye or weapon; to aim.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
along</b></col>, <cd>to carry, lead, or convey.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
arms</b></col>, <cd>to commence war or hostilities.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
away</b></col>, <cd>to carry off; to remove; to cause deprivation of; to do
away with; as, a bill for <i>taking away</i> the votes of bishops.</cd> "By
your own law, I <i>take</i> your life <i>away</i>." <i>Dryden.</i> --
<col><b>To take breath</b></col>, <cd>to stop, as from labor, in order to
breathe or rest; to recruit or refresh one's self.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
care</b></col>, <cd>to exercise care or vigilance; to be solicitous.</cd>
"Doth God <i>take care</i> for oxen?" <i>1 Cor. ix. 9.</i> -- <col><b>To
take care of</b></col>, <cd>to have the charge or care of; to care for; to
superintend or oversee.</cd> -- <col><b>To take down</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To reduce; to bring down, as from a high, or
higher, place; as, <i>to take down</i> a book; hence, to bring lower; to
depress; to abase or humble; as, <i>to take down</i> pride, or the
proud.</cd> "I never attempted to be impudent yet, that I was not <i>taken
down</i>." <i>Goldsmith.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To swallow; as, <i>to
take down</i> a potion.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To pull down; to pull
to pieces; as, <i>to take down</i> a house or a scaffold.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To record; to write down; as, <i>to take down</i> a
man's words at the time he utters them.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
effect</b></col>, <col><b>To take fire</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Effect</u>, and <u>Fire</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To take ground to the
right</b></col> or <col><b>to the left</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to
extend the line to the right or left; to move, as troops, to the right or
left.</cd> -- <col><b>To take heart</b></col>, <cd>to gain confidence or
courage; to be encouraged.</cd> -- <col><b>To take heed</b></col>, <cd>to
be careful or cautious.</cd> "<i>Take heed</i> what doom against yourself
you give." <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>To take heed to</b></col>, <cd>to
attend with care, as, <i>take heed to</i> thy ways.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
hold of</b></col>, <cd>to seize; to fix on.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
horse</b></col>, <cd>to mount and ride a horse.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To inclose; to fence.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To encompass or embrace; to comprise; to
comprehend.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To draw into a smaller compass; to
contract; to brail or furl; as, <i>to take in</i> sail.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To cheat; to circumvent; to gull; to deceive.</cd>
[Colloq.] <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To admit; to receive; as, a leaky vessel
will <i>take in</i> water.</cd> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To win by
conquest.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For now Troy's broad-wayed town<BR>
He shall <i>take in</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <cd>To receive into the mind or understanding.</cd>
"Some bright genius can <i>take in</i> a long train of propositions." <i>I.
Watts.</i> <sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <cd>To receive regularly, as a periodical
work or newspaper; to take.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>To take in
hand</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Hand</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To take in
vain</b></col>, <cd>to employ or utter as in an oath.</cd> "Thou shalt not
<i>take</i> the name of the Lord thy God <i>in vain</i>." <i>Ex. xx. 7.</i>
-- <col><b>To take issue</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Issue</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To take leave</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Leave</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>To take a newspaper</b></col>,
<col><b>magazine</b></col>, or the like, <cd>to receive it regularly, as on
paying the price of subscription.</cd> -- <col><b>To take notice</b></col>,
<cd>to observe, or to observe with particular attention.</cd> -- <col><b>To
take notice of</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Notice</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To
take oath</b></col>, <cd>to swear with solemnity, or in a judicial
manner.</cd> -- <col><b>To take off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
remove, as from the surface or outside; to remove from the top of anything;
as, <i>to take off</i> a load; <i>to take off</i> one's hat.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To cut off; as, <i>to take off</i> the head, or a
limb.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To destroy; as, <i>to take off</i>
life.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To remove; to invalidate; as, <i>to take
off</i> the force of an argument.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To withdraw;
to call or draw away.</cd> <i>Locke.</i> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To
swallow; as, <i>to take off</i> a glass of wine.</cd> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd>
<cd>To purchase; to take in trade.</cd> "The Spaniards having no
commodities that we will <i>take off</i>." <i>Locke.</i>
<sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <cd>To copy; to reproduce.</cd> "<i>Take off</i> all
their models in wood." <i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <cd>To imitate;
to mimic; to personate.</cd> <sd><i>(k)</i></sd> <cd>To find place for; to
dispose of; as, more scholars than preferments can <i>take off</i>.</cd>
[R.] <i>Bacon.</i>  -- <col><b>To take on</b></col>, <cd>to assume; to take
upon one's self; as, <i>to take on</i> a character or responsibility.</cd>
-- <col><b>To take one's own course</b></col>, <cd>to act one's pleasure;
to pursue the measures of one's own choice.</cd> -- <col><b>To take order
for</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Order</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To take order
with</b></col>, <cd>to check; to hinder; to repress.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>To take orders</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To receive directions or commands.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <cd>To enter some grade of the ministry. See <u>Order</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 10.</cd> -- <col><b>To take out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To remove from within a place; to separate; to
deduct.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To draw out; to remove; to clear or
cleanse from; as, <i>to take out</i> a stain or spot from cloth.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To produce for one's self; as, <i>to take out</i> a
patent.</cd>  <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To put an end to; as, <i>to take</i>
the conceit <i>out</i> of a man.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To escort;
as, <i>to take out</i> to dinner.</cd> -- <col><b>To take over</b></col>,
<cd>to undertake; to take the management of.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Cross (Life of
G. Eliot).</i> -- <col><b>To take part</b></col>, <cd>to share; as, they
<i>take part</i> in our rejoicing.</cd> -- <col><b>To take part
with</b></col>, <cd>to unite with; to join with.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
place</b></col>, <col><b>root</b></col>, <col><b>sides</b></col>,
<col><b>stock</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under <u>Place</u>, <u>Root</u>,
<u>Side</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To take the air</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Falconry)</i> <cd>To seek to escape by trying to
rise higher than the falcon; -- said of a bird.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>See under <u>Air</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To take the field</b></col>.
<i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Field</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
thought</b></col>, <cd>to be concerned or anxious; to be solicitous.</cd>
<i>Matt. vi. 25, 27.</i> -- <col><b>To take to heart</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Heart</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To take to task</b></col>, <cd>to
reprove; to censure.</cd> --  <col><b>To take up</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To lift; to raise.</cd> <i>Hood.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To buy or borrow; as, <i>to take up</i> goods to a
large amount; <i>to take up</i> money at the bank.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To begin; as, <i>to take up</i> a lamentation.</cd> <i>Ezek. xix.
1.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To gather together; to bind up; to fasten or
to replace; as, <i>to take up</i> raveled stitches</cd>; specifically
<i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>to fasten with a ligature.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<cd>To engross; to employ; to occupy or fill; as, <i>to take up</i> the
time; <i>to take up</i> a great deal of room.</cd> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
<cd>To take permanently.</cd> "Arnobius asserts that men of the finest
parts . . . <i>took up</i> their rest in the Christian religion."
<i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <cd>To seize; to catch; to arrest; as,
<i>to take up</i> a thief; <i>to take up</i> vagabonds.</cd>
<sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <cd>To admit; to believe; to receive.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The ancients <i>took up</i> experiments upon
credit.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <cd>To answer by reproof; to reprimand; to
berate.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>One of his relations <i>took</i> him <i>up</i>
roundly.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(k)</i></sd> <cd>To begin where another left off; to keep up in
continuous succession.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Soon as the evening shades prevail,<BR>
The moon <i>takes up</i> the wondrous tale.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(l)</i></sd> <cd>To assume; to adopt as one's own; to carry on or
manage; as, <i>to take up</i> the quarrels of our neighbors; <i>to take
up</i> current opinions.</cd> "They <i>take up</i> our old trade of
conquering." <i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(m)</i></sd> <cd>To comprise; to
include.</cd> "The noble poem of Palemon and Arcite . . . <i>takes up</i>
seven years." <i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(n)</i></sd> <cd>To receive, accept, or
adopt for the purpose of assisting; to espouse the cause of; to favor.</cd>
<i>Ps. xxvii. 10.</i> <sd><i>(o)</i></sd> <cd>To collect; to exact, as a
tax; to levy; as, <i>to take up</i> a contribution.</cd> "<i>Take up</i>
commodities upon our bills." <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(p)</i></sd> <cd>To pay
and receive; as, <i>to take up</i> a note at the bank.</cd>
<sd><i>(q)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>To remove, as by an adjustment of
parts; as, <i>to take up</i> lost motion, as in a bearing; also, to make
tight, as by winding, or drawing; as, <i>to take up</i> slack thread in
sewing.</cd> <sd><i>(r)</i></sd> <cd>To make up; to compose; to settle; as,
<i>to take up</i> a quarrel.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i>  -- <col><b>To take
up arms</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>To take arms</i>, above.</cd> --
<col><b>To take upon one's self</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
assume; to undertake; as, he <i>takes upon himself</i> to assert that the
fact is capable of proof.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To appropriate to
one's self; to allow to be imputed to, or inflicted upon, one's self; as,
<i>to take upon one's self</i> a punishment.</cd> -- <col><b>To take up the
gauntlet</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Gauntlet</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Take</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
take hold; to fix upon anything; to have the natural or intended effect; to
accomplish a purpose; as, he was inoculated, but the virus did not
<i>take</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When flame <i>taketh</i> and openeth, it giveth a
noise.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In impressions from mind to mind, the impression
<i>taketh</i>, but is overcome . . . before it work any manifest
effect.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To please; to gain reception; to
succeed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each wit may praise it for his own dear sake,<BR>
And hint he writ it, if the thing should <i>take</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move or direct the course; to resort; to
betake one's self; to proceed; to go; -- usually with <i>to</i>; as, the
fox, being hard pressed, <i>took</i> to the hedge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To admit of being pictured, as in a photograph;
as, his face does not <i>take</i> well.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To take after</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To learn to
follow; to copy; to imitate; as, he <i>takes after</i> a good pattern.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To resemble; as, the son <i>takes after</i> his
father.</cd> -- <col><b>To take in with</b></col>, <cd>to resort to.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>To take on</b></col>, <cd>to be violently
affected; to express grief or pain in a violent manner.</cd> -- <col><b>To
take to</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To apply one's self to; to be
fond of; to become attached to; as, <i>to take to</i> evil practices.</cd>
"If he does but <i>take to</i> you, . . . you will contract a great
friendship with him." <i>Walpole.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To resort to;
to betake one's self to.</cd> "Men of learning, who <i>take to</i>
business, discharge it generally with greater honesty than men of the
world." <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To take up</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To stop.</cd> [Obs.] "Sinners at last <i>take
up</i> and settle in a contempt of religion." <i>Tillotson.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To reform.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Locke.</i> -- <col><b>To
take up with</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be contended to receive;
to receive without opposition; to put up with; as, <i>to take up with</i>
plain fare.</cd> "In affairs which may have an extensive influence on our
future happiness, we should not <i>take up with</i> probabilities." <i>I.
Watts.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To lodge with; to dwell with.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>L'Estrange.</i> -- <col><b>To take with</b></col>, <cd>to
please.</cd> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Take</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
is taken; especially, the quantity of fish captured at one haul or
catch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The quantity or copy given to a
compositor at one time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Take"-in`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Imposition;
fraud.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tak"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Take</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Take"-off`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An imitation,
especially in the way of caricature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tak"er</hw> (t&amacr;k"&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
takes or receives; one who catches or apprehends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Take"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>That
which takes up or tightens; specifically, a device in a sewing machine for
drawing up the slack thread as the needle rises, in completing a
stitch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tak"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Apt
to take; alluring; attracting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Subtile in making his temptations most
<i>taking</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Infectious; contageous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Tak"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Tak"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of gaining possession; a seizing; seizure; apprehension.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Agitation; excitement; distress of mind.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What a <i>taking</i> was he in, when your husband asked who
was in the basket!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Malign influence; infection.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tak"ing-off`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Removal; murder.
See <i>To take off</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>, under <u>Take</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>The deep damnation of his <i>taking-off</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tal"a*poin</hw> (t&abreve;l"&adot;*poin), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small African monkey (<i>Cercopithecus, or
Miopithecus, talapoin</i>) -- called also <i>melarhine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ta*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>talaris</i> pertaining to the ankles, fr. <i>talus</i> ankle.]
<i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>Small wings or winged shoes represented as
fastened to the ankles, -- chiefly used as an attribute of
Mercury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal"bot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sort of dog, noted for
quick scent and eager pursuit of game.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wase
(1654).</i></p>

<p>&fist; The figure of a dog is borne in the arms of the <i>Talbot</i>
family, whence, perhaps, the name.</p>

<p><hw>Tal"bo*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Calotype</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Talc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>talc</i>; cf. Sp. &amp; It.
<i>talco</i>, LL. <i>talcus</i>; all fr. Ar. <i>talq</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A soft mineral of a soapy feel and a greenish, whitish, or grayish
color, usually occurring in foliated masses. It is hydrous silicate of
magnesia. <i>Steatite</i>, or <i>soapstone</i>, is a compact granular
variety.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Indurated talc</b></col>, <cd>an impure, slaty talc, with a
nearly compact texture, and greater hardness than common talc; -- called
also <i>talc slate</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tal*cose"</hw> (?), <hw>Talc"ous</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>talqueux</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to talc;
composed of, or resembling, talc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Tael</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>talu</i> number, speech,
narrative; akin to D. <i>taal</i> speech, language, G. <i>zahl</i> number,
OHG. <i>zala</i>, Icel. <i>tal</i>, <i>tala</i>, number, speech, Sw.
<i>tal</i>, Dan. <i>tal</i> number, <i>tale</i> speech, Goth.
<i>talzjan</i> to instruct.  Cf. <u>Tell</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<u>Toll</u> a tax, also <u>Talk</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is told; an oral relation or recital;
any rehearsal of what has occured; narrative; discourse; statement;
history; story.</def> "The <i>tale</i> of Troy divine." <i>Milton.</i> "In
such manner rime is Dante's <i>tale</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We spend our years as a <i>tale</i> that is
told.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xc. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A number told or counted off; a reckoning by
count; an enumeration; a count, in distinction from measure or weight; a
number reckoned or stated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ignorant, . . . who measure by <i>tale</i>, and not by
weight.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And every shepherd tells his <i>tale</i>,<BR>
Under the hawthornn in the dale.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In packing, they keep a just <i>tale</i> of the
number.</blockquote> <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A count or declaration.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>To tell tale of</b></col>, <cd>to make account of.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore little <i>tale</i> hath he <i>told</i><BR>
<i>Of</i> any dream, so holy was his heart.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Anecdote; story; fable; incident; memoir; relation;
account; legend; narrative.</p>

<p><hw>Tale</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To tell stories.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tale"bear`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who officiously
tells tales; one who impertinently or maliciously communicates
intelligence, scandal, etc., and makes mischief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spies and <i>talebearers</i>, encouraged by her father, did
their best to inflame her resentment.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tale"bear`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Telling tales
officiously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tale"bear`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of informing
officiously; communication of sectrts, scandal, etc.,
maliciously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"led</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>A
kind of quadrangular piece of cloth put on by the Jews when repeating
prayers in the synagogues.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tale"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of stories.</def>
[R.]  <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tal`e*gal"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Australian birds which includes the
brush turkey. See <u>Brush turkey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>talentum</i> a
talent (in sense 1), Gr. &?; a balance, anything weighed, a definite
weight, a talent; akin to &?; to bear, endure, &?;, L. <i>tolerare</i>,
<i>tollere</i>, to lift up, sustain, endure. See <u>Thole</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, <u>Tolerate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Among the ancient
Greeks, a weight and a denomination of money equal to 60 min&aelig; or
6,000 drachm&aelig;. The Attic talent, as a weight, was about 57 lbs.
avoirdupois; as a denomination of silver money, its value was &pound;243
15s. sterling, or about $1,180.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rowing vessel whose burden does not exceed five hundred
<i>talents</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jowett (Thucid.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Among the Hebrews, a weight and denomination of
money. For silver it was equivalent to 3,000 shekels, and in weight was
equal to about 93&?; lbs. avoirdupois; as a denomination of silver, it has
been variously estimated at from &pound;340 to &pound;396 sterling, or
about $1,645 to $1,916. For gold it was equal to 10,000 gold
shekels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inclination; will; disposition; desire.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They rather counseled you to your <i>talent</i> than to your
profit.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Intellectual ability, natural or acquired;
mental endowment or capacity; skill in accomplishing; a special gift,
particularly in business, art, or the like; faculty; a use of the word
probably originating in the Scripture parable of the talents (<i>Matt. xxv.
14-30</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is chiefly to be considered in his three different
<i>talents</i>, as a critic, a satirist, and a writer of odes.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>talents</i>, his accomplishments, his graceful
manners, made him generally popular.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ability; faculty; gift; endowment. See <u>Genius</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Tal"ent*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with talents;
possessing skill or talent; mentally gifted.</def>  <i>Abp. Abbot
(1663).</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word has been strongly objected to by Coleridge and some
other critics, but, as it would seem, upon not very good grounds, as the
use of <i>talent</i> or <i>talents</i> to signify mental ability, although
at first merely metaphorical, is now fully established, and
<i>talented</i>, as a formative, is just as analogical and legitimate as
<i>gifted</i>, <i>bigoted</i>, <i>moneyed</i>, <i>landed</i>,
<i>lilied</i>, <i>honeyed</i>, and numerous other adjectives having a
participal form, but derived directly from nouns and not from verbs.</p>

<p><hw>||Ta"les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., pl. of <i>talis</i>
such (persons).] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>Persons
added to a jury, commonly from those in or about the courthouse, to make up
any deficiency in the number of jurors regularly summoned, being like, or
<i>such</i> as, the latter.</def> <i>Blount.  Blackstone.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <pos><i>syntactically sing.</i></pos> <def>The writ by
which such persons are summoned.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tales book</b></col>, <cd>a book containing the names of such as
are admitted of the tales.</cd> <i>Blount.</i> <i>Craig.</i> --
<col><b>||Tales de circumstantibus</b></col> [L.], <cd>such, or the like,
from those standing about.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tales"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Talesmen</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person called to make
up a deficiency in the number of jurors when a tales is awarded.</def>
<i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tale"tell`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tells tales
or stories, especially in a mischievous or officious manner; a talebearer;
a telltale; a tattler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tale"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a way of a tale
or story.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal"ia*co`tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tagliacotian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Retaliation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Just heav'n this <i>taliation</i> did decree.</blockquote>
<i>Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ta"li*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>talio</i>,
perh. fr. <i>talis</i> such.  Cf. <u>Retaliation</u>.]
<def>Retaliation.</def> [R.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tal"i*pes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>talus</i>
an ankle + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a foot; cf. L. <i>talipedare</i> to be
weak in the feet, properly, to walk on the ankles.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The
deformity called <i>clubfoot</i>. See <u>Clubfoot</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Several varieties are distinguished; as, <i>Talipes varus</i>, in
which the foot is drawn up and bent inward; <i>T. valgus</i>, in which the
foot is bent outward; <i>T. equinus</i>, in which the sole faces backward
and the patient walks upon the balls of the toes; and <i>T. calcaneus</i>
(called also <i>talus</i>), in which the sole faces forward and the patient
walks upon the heel.</p>

<p><hw>Tal"i*pot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>t&amacr;lp&amacr;t</i> the leaf of the tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
beautiful tropical palm tree (<i>Corypha umbraculifera</i>), a native of
Ceylon and the Malabar coast. It has a trunk sixty or seventy feet high,
bearing a crown of gigantic fan-shaped leaves which are used as umbrellas
and as fans in ceremonial processions, and, when cut into strips, as a
substitute for writing paper.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1471 !></p>

<p><hw>Tal"is*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Talismans</b></plw> (#). [Sp., from Ar. <i>tilism</i>,
<i>tilsam</i>, a magical image, pl. <i>tilsam&amacr;n</i>, fr. Gr. &?;
tribute, tax, LGr., an initiation, incantation, from &?; to complete,
perform, to play taxes, to make perfect, to initiate, especially in the
mysteries, fr. &?; completion, end.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A magical
figure cut or engraved under certain superstitious observances of the
configuration of the heavens, to which wonderful effects are ascribed; the
seal, figure, character, or image, of a heavenly sign, constellation, or
planet, engraved on a sympathetic stone, or on a metal corresponding to the
star, in order to receive its influence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, something that produces extraordinary
effects, esp. in averting or repelling evil; an amulet; a charm; as, a
<i>talisman</i> to avert diseases.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tal`is*man"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Tal`is*man"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>talismanique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
a talisman; having the properties of a talisman, or preservative against
evils by occult influence; magical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Talk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Talked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Talking</u>.] [Cf. LG. <i>talk</i> talk, gabble, Prov. G. <i>talken</i>
to speak indistinctly; or OD. <i>tolken</i> to interpret, MHG.
<i>tolkan</i> to interpret, to tell, to speak indistinctly, Dan.
<i>tolke</i> to interpret, Sw. <i>tolka</i>, Icel. <i>t&?;lka</i> to
interpret, <i>t&?;lkr</i> an interpreter, Lith. <i>tulkas</i> an
interpreter, <i>tulkanti</i>, <i>tulk&omacr;ti</i>, to interpret, Russ.
<i>tolkovate</i> to interpret, to talk about; or perhaps fr. OE.
<i>talien</i> to speak (see <u>Tale</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter words; esp., to
converse familiarly; to speak, as in familiar discourse, when two or more
persons interchange thoughts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will buy with you, sell with you, <i>talk</i> with you,
walk with you, and so following, but I will not eat with you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To confer; to reason; to consult.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me <i>talk</i> with thee of thy judgments.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. xii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To prate; to speak impertinently.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To talk of</b></col>, <cd>to relate; to tell; to give an account
of; as, authors <i>talk of</i> the wonderful remains of Palmyra.</cd> "The
natural histories of Switzerland <i>talk</i> much <i>of</i> the fall of
these rocks, and the great damage done." <i>Addison.</i> -- <col><b>To talk
to</b></col>, <cd>to advise or exhort, or to reprove gently; as, I will
<i>talk to</i> my son respecting his conduct.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Talk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To speak
freely; to use for conversing or communicating; as, to <i>talk</i>
French.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deliver in talking; to speak; to utter; to
make a subject of conversation; as, to <i>talk</i> nonsense; to <i>talk</i>
politics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To consume or spend in talking; -- often
followed by <i>away</i>; as, to <i>talk</i> away an evening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be or become by talking.</def> "They
would <i>talk</i> themselves mad."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To talk over</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To talk about;
to have conference respecting; to deliberate upon; to discuss; as, to
<i>talk over</i> a matter or plan.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To change
the mind or opinion of by talking; to convince; as, to <i>talk over</i> an
opponent.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Talk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
talking; especially, familiar converse; mutual discourse; that which is
uttered, especially in familiar conversation, or the mutual converse of two
or more.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In various <i>talk</i> the instructive hours they
passed.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>talk</i>, when it was not made up of nautical
phrases, was too commonly made up of oaths and curses.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Report; rumor; as, to hear <i>talk</i> of
war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hear a <i>talk</i> up and down of raising our
money.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Subject of discourse; as, his achievment is the
<i>talk</i> of the town.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Conversation; colloquy; discourse; chat; dialogue;
conference; communication. See <u>Conversation</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Talk"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to much
talking.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Garrulous; loquacious. See <u>Garrulous</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Talk"a*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Talk"a*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Talk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who talks; especially, one who is noted for his power of conversing readily
or agreeably; a conversationist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There probably were never four <i>talkers</i> more admirable
in four different ways than Johnson, Burke, Beauclerk, and
Garrick.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A loquacious person, male or female; a prattler;
a babbler; also, a boaster; a braggart; -- used in contempt or
reproach.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Talk"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
talks; able to utter words; as, a <i>talking</i> parrot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to talk; loquacious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hawthorn bush, with seats beneath the shade,<BR>
For <i>talking</i> age and whispering lovers made.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tall</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Taller</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Tallest</u>.] [OE.
<i>tal</i> seemly, elegant, docile (?); of uncertain origin; cf. AS. un-
<i>tala</i>, un-<i>tale</i>, bad, Goth. un<i>tals</i> indocile,
disobedient, uninstructed, or W. &amp; Corn. <i>tal</i> high, Ir. <i>talla</i>
meet, fit, proper, just.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>High in stature; having a
considerable, or an unusual, extension upward; long and comparatively
slender; having the diameter or lateral extent small in proportion to the
height; as, a <i>tall</i> person, tree, or mast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two of far nobler shape, erect and <i>tall</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Brave; bold; courageous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>tall</i> a trencherman<BR>
As e'er demolished a pye fortification.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His companions, being almost in despair of victory, were
suddenly recomforted by Sir William Stanley, which came to succors with
three thousand <i>tall</i> men.</blockquote> <i>Grafton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fine; splendid; excellent; also, extravagant;
excessive.</def> [Obs. or Slang]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- High; lofty.  -- <u>Tall</u>, <u>High</u>, <u>Lofty</u>.
<i>High</i> is the generic term, and is applied to anything which is
elevated or raised above another thing. <i>Tall</i> specifically describes
that which has a small diameter in proportion to its height; hence, we
speak of a <i>tall</i> man, a <i>tall</i> steeple, a <i>tall</i> mast,
etc., but not of a <i>tall</i> hill. <i>Lofty</i> has a special reference
to the expanse above us, and denotes an imposing height; as, a <i>lofty</i>
mountain; a <i>lofty</i> room. <i>Tall</i> is now properly applied only to
physical objects; <i>high</i> and <i>lofty</i> have a moral acceptation;
as, <i>high</i> thought, purpose, etc.; <i>lofty</i> aspirations; a
<i>lofty</i> genius. <i>Lofty</i> is the stronger word, and is usually
coupled with the grand or admirable.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tal"lage</hw> (?), <hw>Tal"li*age</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>taillage</i>. See <u>Taille</u>, and cf. <u>Tailage</u>.] <i>(O.
Eng. Law)</i> <def>A certain rate or tax paid by barons, knights, and
inferior tenants, toward the public expenses.</def> [Written also
<i>tailage</i>, <i>taillage</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; When paid out of knight's fees, it was called <i>scutage</i>;
when by cities and burghs, <i>tallage</i>; when upon lands not held by
military tenure, <i>hidage</i>.  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tal"lage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lay an impost upon;
to cause to pay tallage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal"li*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who keeps
tally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tall"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being tall; height of stature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>taluh</i>,
<i>talugh</i>; akin to OD. <i>talgh</i>, D. <i>talk</i>, G., Dan. and Sw.
<i>talg</i>, Icel. <i>t&omacr;lgr</i>, <i>t&omacr;lg</i>,
<i>t&omacr;lk</i>; and perhaps to Goth. <i>tulgus</i> firm.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The suet or fat of animals of the sheep and ox
kinds, separated from membranous and fibrous matter by melting.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The solid consistency of tallow is due to the large amount of
stearin it contains. See <u>Fat</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fat of some other animals, or the fat
obtained from certain plants, or from other sources, resembling the fat of
animals of the sheep and ox kinds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tallow candle</b></col>, <cd>a candle made of tallow.</cd> --
<col><b>Tallow catch</b></col>, <cd>a keech.</cd> See <u>Keech</u>. [Obs.]
-- <col><b>Tallow chandler</b></col>, <cd>one whose occupation is to make,
or to sell, tallow candles.</cd> -- <col><b>Tallow chandlery</b></col>,
<cd>the trade of a tallow chandler; also, the place where his business is
carried on.</cd> -- <col><b>Tallow tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree
(<i>Stillingia sebifera</i>) growing in China, the seeds of which are
covered with a substance which resembles tallow and is applied to the same
purposes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tal"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tallowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tallowing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grease or smear with
tallow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to have a large quantity of tallow; to
fatten; as, <i>tallow</i> sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal"low*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An animal which
produces tallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal"low-face`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who has a
sickly, pale complexion.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tal"low-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a sickly
complexion; pale.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tal"low*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act, or art, of
causing animals to produce tallow; also, the property in animals of
producing tallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal"low*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the qualities of
tallow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal"low*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of
tallow; resembling tallow; greasy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tall"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tally</u>.]
<def>Firewood cut into billets of a certain length.</def> [Obs.] [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tal"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tallies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>taile</i>, <i>taille</i>, F.
<i>taille</i> a cutting, cut tally, fr. <i>tailler</i> to cut, but
influenced probably by <i>taill&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>tailler</i>. See
<u>Tailor</u>, and cf. <u>Tail</u> a limitation, <u>Taille</u>,
<u>Tallage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, a piece of wood on
which notches or scores were cut, as the marks of number; later, one of two
books, sheets of paper, etc., on which corresponding accounts were
kept.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In purshasing and selling, it was once customary for traders to
have two sticks, or one stick cleft into two parts, and to mark with a
score or notch, on each, the number or quantity of goods delivered, -- the
seller keeping one stick, and the purchaser the other. Before the use of
writing, this, or something like it, was the only method of keeping
accounts; and <i>tallies</i> were received as evidence in courts of
justice. In the English exchequer were <i>tallies</i> of loans, one part
being kept in the exchequer, the other being given to the creditor in lieu
of an obligation for money lent to government.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any account or score kept by notches or
marks, whether on wood or paper, or in a book; especially, one kept in
duplicate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One thing made to suit another; a match; a
mate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were framed the <i>tallies</i> for each
other.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A notch, mark, or score made on or in a tally;
as, to make or earn a <i>tally</i> in a game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A tally shop. See <i>Tally shop</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tally shop</b></col>, <cd>a shop at which goods or articles are
sold to customers on account, the account being kept in corresponding
books, one called the <i>tally</i>, kept by the buyer, the other the
<i>counter tally</i>, kept by the seller, and the payments being made
weekly or otherwise by agreement. The trade thus regulated is called
<i>tally trade</i>.</cd> <i>Eng. Encyc.</i> -- <col><b>To strike
tallies</b></col>, <cd>to act in correspondence, or alike.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tal"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tallied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tallying</u>.]
[Cf. F. <i>tialler</i> to cut. See <u>Tally</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To score with correspondent notches; hence, to make
to correspond; to cause to fit or suit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are not so well <i>tallied</i> to the present
juncture.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To check off, as parcels of
freight going inboard or outboard.</def>  <i>W. C. Russell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tally on</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to dovetail
together.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tal"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be fitted; to suit; to correspond; to match.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I found pieces of tiles that exactly <i>tallied</i> with the
channel.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your idea . . . <i>tallies</i> exactly with
mine.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a tally; to score; as, to <i>tally</i>
in a game.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tally on</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to man a rope for
hauling, the men standing in a line or tail.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tal"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Tall</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Stoutly; with spirit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tal"ly*ho`</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The huntsman's cry to incite or urge on his
hounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tallyho coach.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tallyho coach</b></col>, <cd>a pleasure coach. See under
<u>Coach</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tal"ly*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tallymen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps the
tally, or marks the sticks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps a tally shop, or conducts his
business as tally trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Talmas</b></plw> (#). [Prob. so called from <i>Talma</i>, a French
actor.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of large cape, or short, full
cloak, forming part of the dress of ladies.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A similar garment worn formerly by gentlemen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal"mud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chald. <i>talm&umacr;d</i>
instruction, doctrine, fr. <i>lamad</i> to learn, <i>limmad</i> to teach.]
<def>The body of the Jewish civil and canonical law not comprised in the
Pentateuch.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Talmud</i> consists of two parts, the <i>Mishna</i>, or
text, and the <i>Gemara</i>, or commentary. Sometimes, however, the name
<i>Talmud</i> is restricted, especially by Jewish writers, to the Gemara.
There are two Talmuds, the <i>Palestinian</i>, commonly, but incorrectly,
called the <i>Talmud of Jerusalem</i>, and the <i>Babylonian Talmud</i>.
They contain the same Mishna, but different Gemaras. The Babylonian Talmud
is about three times as large as the other, and is more highly esteemed by
the Jews.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tal*mud"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Tal*mud"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>talmudique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
the Talmud; contained in the Talmud; as, <i>Talmudic</i> Greek;
<i>Talmudical</i> phrases.</def>  <i>Lightfoot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tal"mud*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>talmudiste</i>.] <def>One versed in the Talmud; one who adheres to the
teachings of the Talmud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal`mud*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling the
Talmud; Talmudic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., heel, spur, LL.
<i>talo</i>, fr. L. <i>talus</i> the ankle, heel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The claw of a predaceous bird or animal, especially the claw of a bird
of prey.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of certain small
prominences on the hind part of the face of an elephant's tooth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A kind of molding, concave at the
bottom and convex at the top; -- usually called an <i>ogee</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When the concave part is at the top, it is called an <i>inverted
talon</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The shoulder of the bolt of a lock on which the
key acts to shoot the bolt.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ta*look"</hw>, <hw>Ta*luk"</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>ta'lluq</i>.] <def>A large estate; esp., one constituting a revenue
district or dependency the native proprietor of which is responsible for
the collection and payment of the public revenue due from it.</def>
[India]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ta*look"dar</hw>, <hw>Ta*luk"dar</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Hind., fr. Per. <i>ta'lluqd&amacr;r</i>.] <def>A proprietor of a
talook.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>||Tal"pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., mole.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small insectivores including the common
European mole.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ta"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tali</b></plw> (#). [L., the ankle, the ankle bone.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The astragalus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A variety of clubfoot (<i>Talipes
calcaneus</i>). See the Note under <u>Talipes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"lus</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A slope; the inclination of the face of a
work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A sloping heap of fragments of
rock lying at the foot of a precipice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being tamable; tamableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
tamed, subdued, or reclaimed from wildness or savage ferociousness.</def> -
- <wf>Tam"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ta*man"du</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., from the native name:
cf. F. <i>tamandua</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small ant-eater
(<i>Tamandua tetradactyla</i>) native of the tropical parts of South
America.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It has five toes on the fore feet, an elongated snout, small
ears, and short woolly hair. Its tail is stout and hairy at the base,
tapering, and covered with minute scales, and is somewhat prehensile at the
end. Called also <i>tamandua</i>, <i>little ant-bear</i>,
<i>fourmilier</i>, and <i>cagouare</i>.
    The collared, or striped, tamandu (<i>Tamandua bivittata</i>) is
considered a distinct species by some writers, but by others is regarded as
only a variety.</p>

<p><hw>Ta`ma*noir"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The ant-bear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"a*rack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The American larch; also, the larch of Oregon and
British Columbia (<i>Larix occidentalis</i>). See <u>Hackmatack</u>, and
<u>Larch</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The black pine (<i>Pinus
Murrayana</i>) of Alaska, California, etc. It is a small tree with fine-
grained wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"a*ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tamarice</i>. See
<u>Tamarisk</u>.] <def>A shrub or tree supposed to be the tamarisk, or
perhaps some kind of heath.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He shall be like <i>tamaric</i> in the desert, and he shall
not see when good shall come.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xvii. 6 (Douay
version).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tam"a*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name in
Cayenne.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of small
squirrel-like South American monkeys of the genus <i>Midas</i>, especially
<i>M. ursulus</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1472 !></p>

<p><hw>Tam"a*rind</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>tamarindo</i>, or
Sp. <i>tamarindo</i>, or Pg. <i>tamarindo</i>, <i>tamarinho</i>, from Ar.
<i>tamarhind&imacr;</i>, literally, Indian date; <i>tamar</i> a dried date
+ <i>Hind</i> India: cf. F. <i>tamarin</i>.  Cf. <u>Hindu</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A leguminous tree (<i>Tamarindus
Indica</i>) cultivated both the Indies, and the other tropical countries,
for the sake of its shade, and for its fruit. The trunk of the tree is
lofty and large, with wide-spreading branches; the flowers are in racemes
at the ends of the branches. The leaves are small and finely
pinnated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the preserved seed pods of the tamarind,
which contain an acid pulp, and are used medicinally and for preparing a
pleasant drink.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tamarind fish</b></col>, <cd>a preparation of a variety of East
Indian fish with the acid pulp of the tamarind fruit.</cd> --
<col><b>Velvet tamarind</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A West African
leguminous tree (<i>Codarium acutifolium</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>One of the small black velvety pods, which are used for food in Sierra
Leone.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild tamarind</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name
given to certain trees somewhat resembling the tamarind, as the <i>Lysiloma
latisiliqua</i> of Southern Florida, and the <i>Pithecolobium
filicifolium</i> of the West Indies.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tam"a*risk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tamariscus</i>,
also <i>tamarix</i>, <i>tamarice</i>, Skr. <i>tam&amacr;la</i>,
<i>tam&amacr;laka</i>, a tree with a very dark bark; cf. <i>tamas</i>
darkness: cf. F. <i>tamarisc</i>, <i>tamarix</i>, <i>tamaris</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any shrub or tree of the genus <i>Tamarix</i>, the
species of which are European and Asiatic. They have minute scalelike
leaves, and small flowers in spikes. An Arabian species (<i>T.
mannifera</i>) is the source of one kind of manna.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tamarisk salt tree</b></col>, <cd>an East Indian tree
(<i>Tamarix orientalis</i>) which produces an incrustation of
salt.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tam"bac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>See
<u>Tombac</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tam"bour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kind of small flat drum; a tambourine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small frame, commonly circular, and somewhat
resembling a tambourine, used for stretching, and firmly holding, a portion
of cloth that is to be embroidered; also, the embroidery done upon such a
frame; -- called also, in the latter sense, <i>tambour work</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Drum</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2<sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A work usually in the form of a
redan, to inclose a space before a door or staircase, or at the gorge of a
larger work. It is arranged like a stockade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A shallow metallic cup or
drum, with a thin elastic membrane supporting a writing lever. Two or more
of these are connected by an India rubber tube, and used to transmit and
register the movements of the pulse or of any pulsating artery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"bour</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tamboured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tambouring</u>.] <def>To embroider on a tambour.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam`bou`rin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Tambourine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tambourine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An old Proven&ccedil;al dance of a
lively character, common on the stage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam`bour*ine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tambourin</i>;
cf. It. <i>tamburino</i>. See <u>Tambour</u>, and cf. <u>Tamborine</u>.]
<def>A small drum, especially a shallow drum with only one skin, played on
with the hand, and having bells at the sides; a timbrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"breet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The duck mole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam`bu*rin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tambourine</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tame</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>entamer</i> to cut
into, to broach.] <def>To broach or enter upon; to taste, as a liquor; to
divide; to distribute; to deal out.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the time of famine he is the Joseph of the country, and
keeps the poor from starving. Then he <i>tameth</i> his stacks of corn,
which not his covetousness, but providence, hath reserved for time of
need.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tame</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Tamer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Tamest</u>.] [AS.
<i>tam</i>; akin to D. <i>tam</i>, G. <i>zahm</i>, OHG. <i>zam</i>, Dan. &
Sw. <i>tam</i>, Icel. <i>tamr</i>, L. <i>domare</i> to tame, Gr. &?;, Skr.
<i>dam</i> to be tame, to tame, and perhaps to E. <i>beteem</i>. &radic;61.
Cf. <u>Adamant</u>, <u>Diamond</u>, <u>Dame</u>, <u>Daunt</u>,
<u>Indomitable</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Reduced from a state of native
wildness and shyness; accustomed to man; domesticated; domestic; as, a
<i>tame</i> deer, a <i>tame</i> bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Crushed; subdued; depressed;
spiritless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tame</i> slaves of the laborious plow.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Deficient in spirit or animation; spiritless;
dull; flat; insipid; as, a <i>tame</i> poem; <i>tame</i> scenery.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Gentle; mild; meek. See <u>Gentle</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Tame</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tamed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Taming</u>.] [AS.
<i>tamian</i>, <i>temian</i>, akin to D. <i>tammen</i>, <i>temmen</i>, G.
<i>z&auml;hmen</i>, OHG. <i>zemmen</i>, Icel. <i>temja</i>, Goth.
ga<i>tamjan</i>. See <u>Tame</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To reduce from a wild to a domestic state; to make gentle and
familiar; to reclaim; to domesticate; as, to <i>tame</i> a wild
beast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They had not been <i>tamed</i> into submission, but baited
into savegeness and stubbornness.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subdue; to conquer; to repress; as, to
<i>tame</i> the pride or passions of youth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tame"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tamable.</def>
<i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tame"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of being tamed;
wild; untamed; untamable.</def> <i>Bp. Hall.</i> --
<wf>Tame"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tame"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tame
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tame"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being tame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tames or
subdues.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ta"mi*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
distributer.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of ground squirrels,
including the chipmunk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"mil</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Tamils, or to their language.</def> [Written also <i>Tamul</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ta"mil</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>Tamul</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of a Dravidian race of men
native of Northern Ceylon and Southern India.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The Tamil language, the most important of the
Dravidian languages. See <u>Dravidian</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*mil"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Tamil.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tam"ine</hw> (?), <hw>Tam"i*ny</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>tamis</i> a sort of sieve.  Cf. <u>Stamin</u>, <u>Temse</u>.]
<def>A kind of woolen cloth; tammy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a kind of sieve.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sieve, or strainer, made of a kind of woolen
cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cloth itself; tammy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tamis bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a Guinea
fowl.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tam"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tampion.</def>
<i>Johnson (Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tam"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tammies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of woolen,
or woolen and cotton, cloth, often highly glazed, -- used for curtains,
sieves, strainers, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sieve, or strainer, made of this material; a
tamis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tamp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tamped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tamping</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>tamponner</i> to plug or stop. See
<u>Tampion</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In blasting, to plug up with clay,
earth, dry sand, sod, or other material, as a hole bored in a rock, in
order to prevent the force of the explosion from being
misdirected.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive in or down by frequent gentle strokes;
as, to <i>tamp</i> earth so as to make a smooth place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"pan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
venomous South African tick.</def>  <i>Livingstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tam"pe*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tampion</u>.</def>  <i>Farrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tamp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who tamps; specifically, one who prepares for blasting, by filling the hole
in which the charge is placed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument used in tamping; a tamping
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tampered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tampering</u>.] [A corruption of <i>temper</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To meddle; to be busy; to try little experiments; as, to <i>tamper</i>
with a disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is dangerous <i>tampering</i> with a muse.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To meddle so as to alter, injure, or vitiate a
thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deal unfairly; to practice secretly; to use
bribery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others <i>tampered</i><BR>
For Fleetwood, Desborough, and Lambert.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tam"per*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tampers; one
who deals unfairly.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tam*pi"co fi"ber</hw> or <hw>fi"bre</hw> (?) }. <def>A tough
vegetable fiber used as a substitute for bristles in making brushes. The
piassava and the ixtle are both used under this name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tamp"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who tamps; specifically, the act of filling up a hole in a rock,
or the branch of a mine, for the purpose of blasting the rock or exploding
the mine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The material used in tamping. See <u>Tamp</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tamping iron</b></col>, <cd>an iron rod for beating down the
earthy substance in tamping for blasting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tam"pi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tampon</i>,
<i>tapon</i>, <i>tape</i>, of Dutch or German origin. See <u>Tap</u> a pipe
or plug, and cf. <u>Tamp</u>, <u>Tampop</u>, <u>Tompion</u>.] [Written also
<i>tampeon</i>, and <i>tompion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wooden
stopper, or plug, as for a cannon or other piece of ordnance, when not in
use.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A plug for upper end of an organ
pipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"poe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The edible
fruit of an East Indian tree (<i>Baccaurea Malayana</i>) of the Spurge
family. It somewhat resembles an apple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"pon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Tampion</u>.]
<i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A plug introduced into a natural or artificial cavity
of the body in order to arrest hemorrhage, or for the application of
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"pon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>To plug
with a tampon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"poon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tampion</u>.]
<def>The stopper of a barrel; a bung.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"-tam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.; of imitative
origin.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of drum used in the
East Indies and other Oriental countries; -- called also <i>tom-
tom</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A gong. See <u>Gong</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"mul</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Tamil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin.] <def>See
<u>Picul</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tan</i>, perhaps fr. Armor.
<i>tann</i> an oak, oak bar; or of Teutonic origin; cf. G. <i>tanne</i> a
fir, OHG. <i>tanna</i> a fir, oak, MHG. <i>tan</i> a forest.  Cf.
<u>Tawny</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The bark of the oak, and some other
trees, bruised and broken by a mill, for tanning hides; -- so called both
before and after it has been used. Called also <i>tan bark</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A yellowish-brown color, like that of
tan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A brown color imparted to the skin by exposure
to the sun; as, hands covered with <i>tan</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tan bed</b></col> <i>(Hort.)</i>, <cd>a bed made of tan; a bark
bed.</cd> -- <col><b>Tan pickle</b></col>, <cd>the liquor used in tanning
leather.</cd> -- <col><b>Tan spud</b></col>, <cd>a spud used in stripping
bark for tan from trees.</cd> -- <col><b>Tan stove</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Bark stove</i>, under <u>Bark</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tan vat</b></col>,
<cd>a vat in which hides are steeped in liquor with tan.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tan</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the color of tan; yellowish-
brown.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black and tan</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Black</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Tan</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tanned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tanning</u>.] [F.
<i>tanner</i>, LL. <i>tannare</i>. See <u>Tan</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convert (the skin of an animal) into leather, as
by usual process of steeping it in an infusion of oak or some other bark,
whereby it is impregnated with tannin, or tannic acid (which exists in
several species of bark), and is thus rendered firm, durable, and in some
degree impervious to water.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The essential result in tanning is due to the fact that the
tannins form, with gelatins and albuminoids, a series of insoluble
compounds which constitute leather. Similar results may be produced by the
use of other reagents in place of tannin, as alum, and some acids or
chlorides, which are employed in certain processes of tanning.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make brown; to imbrown, as by exposure to the
rays of the sun; as, to <i>tan</i> the skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To get or become
tanned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Banxring</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>tanagra</i>,
probably fr. Brazilian <i>tangara</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of bright-colored singing birds belonging to
<i>Tanagra</i>, <i>Piranga</i>, and allied genera. The scarlet tanager
(<i>Piranga erythromelas</i>) and the summer redbird (<i>Piranga rubra</i>)
are common species of the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"a*grine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the tanagers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"a*groid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tanager</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Tanagrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ta*na"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An Asiatic wild dog (<i>Canis procyonoides</i>), native of Japan and
adjacent countries. It has a short, bushy tail. Called also <i>raccoon
dog</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"dem</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tandem</i> at
length (of time only), punningly taken as meaning, lengthwise.] <def>One
after another; -- said especially of horses harnessed and driven one before
another, instead of abreast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"dem</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A team of horses harnessed
one before the other.</def> "He drove <i>tandems</i>."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tandem engine</b></col>, <cd>a compound steam engine having two
or more steam cylinders in the same axis, close to one another.</cd> --
<col><b>Tandem bicycle</b></col> or <col><b>tricycle</b></col>, <cd>one for
two persons in which one rider sits before the other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tang</hw> (t&abreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin; cf.
Dan. <i>tang</i> seaweed, Sw. <i>t&aring;ng</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;ang</i>.
Cf. <u>Tangle</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A coarse blackish seaweed (<i>Fuscus
nodosus</i>).</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tang sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the rock
pipit.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr. OD. <i>tanger</i>
sharp, tart, literally, pinching; akin to E. <i>tongs</i>. &radic;59. See
<u>Tong</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A strong or offensive taste;
especially, a taste of something extraneous to the thing itself; as, wine
or cider has a <i>tang</i> of the cask.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A sharp, specific flavor or tinge.  Cf.
<u>Tang</u> a twang.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such proceedings had a strong <i>tang</i> of
tyranny.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A cant of philosophism, and a <i>tang</i> of party
politics.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Probably of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <i>tangi</i> a
projecting point; akin to E. <i>tongs</i>. See <u>Tongs</u>.] <def>A
projecting part of an object by means of which it is secured to a handle,
or to some other part; anything resembling a tongue in form or
position.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The part of a knife, fork, file, or other small
instrument, which is inserted into the handle.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The projecting part of the breech of a musket
barrel, by which the barrel is secured to the stock.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The part of a sword blade to which the handle
is fastened.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The tongue of a buckle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of imitative origin.  Cf.
<u>Twang</u>. This word has become confused with <i>tang</i> tatse,
flavor.] <def>A sharp, twanging sound; an unpleasant tone; a
twang.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tang</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tanged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tanging</u>.]
<def>To cause to ring or sound loudly; to ring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let thy tongue <i>tang</i> arguments of state.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To tang bees</b></col>, <cd>to cause a swarm of bees to settle,
by beating metal to make a din.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tang</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a ringing sound; to
ring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let thy tongue <i>tang</i> arguments of state.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ga*lung</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An East Indian civet (<i>Viverra tangalunga</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tangency.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tan"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being tangent; a contact or touching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tangens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>tangere</i> to touch; akin to Gr. &?; having
seized: cf. F. <i>tangente</i>.  Cf. <u>Attain</u>, <u>Contaminate</u>,
<u>Contingent</u>, <u>Entire</u>, <u>Tact</u>, <u>Taste</u>, <u>Tax</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A tangent line curve, or
surface; specifically, that portion of the straight line tangent to a curve
that is between the point of tangency and a given line, the given line
being, for example, the axis of abscissas, or a radius of a circle
produced. See <i>Trigonometrical function</i>, under
<u>Function</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Artificial</b></col>, or <col><b>Logarithmic</b></col>,
<col><b>tangent</b></col>, <cd>the logarithm of the natural tangent of an
arc.</cd> -- <col><b>Natural tangent</b></col>, <cd>a decimal expressing
the length of the tangent of an arc, the radius being reckoned unity.</cd>
-- <col><b>Tangent galvanometer</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a form of
galvanometer having a circular coil and a short needle, in which the
tangent of the angle of deflection of the needle is proportional to the
strength of the current.</cd> -- <col><b>Tangent of an angle</b></col>,
<cd>the natural tangent of the arc subtending or measuring the angle.</cd>
-- <col><b>Tangent of an arc</b></col>, <cd>a right line, as <i>ta</i>,
touching the arc of a circle at one extremity <i>a</i>, and terminated by a
line <i>ct</i>, passing from the center through the other extremity
<i>o</i>.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Tan"gent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tangens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr.] <def>Touching; touching at a single point</def>;
specifically <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>meeting a curve or surface at a point and
having at that point the same direction as the curve or surface; -- said of
a straight line, curve, or surface; as, a line <i>tangent</i> to a curve; a
curve <i>tangent</i> to a surface; <i>tangent</i> surfaces.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tangent plane</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a plane which
touches a surface in a point or line.</cd> -- <col><b>Tangent
scale</b></col> <i>(Gun.)</i>, <cd>a kind of breech sight for a
cannon.</cd> -- <col><b>Tangent screw</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>an
endless screw; a worm.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1473 !></p>

<p><hw>Tan*gen"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>Tangential.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan*gen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to a tangent; in the direction of a tangent.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tangential force</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a force which
acts on a moving body in the direction of a tangent to the path of the
body, its effect being to increase or diminish the velocity; --
distinguished from a <i>normal force</i>, which acts at right angles to the
tangent and changes the direction of the motion without changing the
velocity.</cd> -- <col><b>Tangential stress</b></col>. <i>(Engin.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Shear</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tan*gen"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the direction
of a tangent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ger*ine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of orange, much like the mandarin, but of deeper
color and higher flavor. It is said to have been produced in America from
the mandarin.</def> [Written also <i>tangierine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tang"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The common harbor seal.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Tan*ghin"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The ordeal tree. See under <u>Ordeal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan`gi*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tanggibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
tangible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tangibilis</i>, fr.
<i>tangere</i> to touch: cf. F. <i>tangible</i>. See <u>Tangent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Perceptible to the touch; tactile; palpable.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being possessed or realized; readily
apprehensible by the mind; real; substantial; evident.</def> "A
<i>tangible</i> blunder."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Direct and <i>tangible</i> benefit to ourselves and
others.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Tan"gi*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tan"gi*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tan"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tangled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tangling</u> (?).] [A frequentative fr. <i>tang</i> seaweed; hence, to
twist like seaweed. See <u>Tang</u> seaweed, and cf. <u>Tangle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite or knit together
confusedly; to interweave or interlock, as threads, so as to make it
difficult to unravel the knot; to entangle; to ravel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To involve; to insnare; to entrap; as, to be
<i>tangled</i> in lies.</def> "<i>Tangled</i> in amorous nets."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When my simple weakness strays,<BR>
<i>Tangled</i> in forbidden ways.</blockquote> <i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be entangled or united
confusedly; to get in a tangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [Cf. Icel.
<i>&thorn;&ouml;ngull</i>. See <u>Tang</u> seaweed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
large blackish seaweed, especially the <i>Laminaria saccharina</i>. See
<u>Kelp</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Coral and sea fan and <i>tangle</i>, the blooms and the
palms of the ocean.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [From <u>Tangle</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A
knot of threads, or other thing, united confusedly, or so interwoven as not
to be easily disengaged; a snarl; as, hair or yarn in <i>tangles</i>; a
<i>tangle</i> of vines and briers. Used also figuratively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An instrument consisting essentially
of an iron bar to which are attached swabs, or bundles of frayed rope, or
other similar substances, -- used to capture starfishes, sea urchins, and
other similar creatures living at the bottom of the sea.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blue tangle</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>S<cd>ee
<u>Dangleberry</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tangle picker</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the turnstone.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tan"gle*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The sea adder, or great pipefish of Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"gling*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tangling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"gly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Entangled; intricate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covered with tangle, or seaweed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prone, helpless, on the <i>tangly</i> beach he
lay.</blockquote> <i>Falconer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan"gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Trangram</u>.]
<def>A Chinese toy made by cutting a square of thin wood, or other suitable
material, into seven pieces, as shown in the cut, these pieces being
capable of combination in various ways, so as to form a great number of
different figures. It is now often used in primary schools as a means of
instruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tangue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
tenrec.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"gun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
piebald variety of the horse, native of Thibet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tang"whaup</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The whimbrel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tan"i*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aroid
plant (<i>Caladium sagitt&aelig;folium</i>), the leaves of which are boiled
and eaten in the West Indies.</def> [Written also <i>tannier</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tan"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>tanaiste</i>,
<i>tanaise</i>, second, the second person in rank, the presumptive or
apparent heir to a prince.] <def>In Ireland, a lord or proprietor of a
tract of land or of a castle, elected by a family, under the system of
tanistry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This family [the O'Hanlons] were <i>tanists</i> of a large
territory within the present county of Armagh.</blockquote> <i>M. A.
Lower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ist*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tanist</u>.]
<def>In Ireland, a tenure of family lands by which the proprietor had only
a life estate, to which he was admitted by election.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The primitive intention seems to have been that the inheritance
should descend to the oldest or most worthy of the blood and name of the
deceased. This was, in reality, giving it to the strongest; and the
practice often occasioned bloody feuds in families, for which reason it was
abolished under James I.</p>

<p><hw>Ta"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A firm composition of
emery and a certain kind of cement, used for making grinding wheels, slabs,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tank</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small Indian dry measure,
averaging 240 grains in weight; also, a Bombay weight of 72 grains, for
pearls.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>tanque</i>, L.
<i>stangum</i> a pool; or perhaps of East Indian origin.  Cf. <u>Stank</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A large basin or cistern; an artificial
receptacle for liquids.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tank engine</b></col>, <cd>a locomotive which carries the water
and fuel it requires, thus dispensing with a tender.</cd> -- <col><b>Tank
iron</b></col>, <cd>plate iron thinner than boiler plate, and thicker than
sheet iron or stovepipe iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Tank worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small nematoid worm found in the water tanks of
India, supposed by some to be the young of the Guinea worm.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A kind of
boat used in Canton. It is about 25 feet long and is often rowed by women.
Called also <i>tankia</i>.</def>  <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tank"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>tanquart</i>; cf.
OD. <i>tanckaert</i>; of uncertain origin.] <def>A large drinking vessel,
especially one with a cover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Marius was the first who drank out of a silver
<i>tankard</i>, after the manner of Bacchus.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ki*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Tanka</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tank"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tinkling.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tan"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One tanned by the
sun.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hot summer's <i>tanlings</i> and<BR>
The shrinking slaves of winter.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan"na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
tanned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tanning; the act,
operation, or result of tanning.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They should have got his cheek fresh
<i>tannage</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tannate</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of tannic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose occupation is
to tan hides, or convert them into leather by the use of tan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ner*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tanneries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>tannerie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place where the work of tanning is carried
on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art or process of tanning.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to tan;
derived from, or resembling, tan; as, <i>tannic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tannic acid</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An
acid obtained from nutgalls as a yellow amorphous substance,
C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>9</sub>, having an astringent taste, and
forming with ferric salts a bluish-black compound, which is the basis of
common ink. Called also <i>tannin</i>, and <i>gallotannic acid</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>By extension, any one of a series of astringent
substances resembling tannin proper, widely diffused through the vegetable
kingdom, as in oak bark, willow, catechu, tea, coffee, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ni*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Tanier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tannin</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <i>Tannic acid</i>, under
<u>Tannic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ning</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or process of
converting skins into leather. See <u>Tan</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"rec</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Tenrec</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tansaye</i>, F.
<i>tanaise</i>; cf. It. &amp; Sp. <i>tanaceto</i>, NL. <i>tanacetum</i>, Pg.
<i>atanasia</i>, <i>athanasia</i>, Gr. <grk>'aqanasi`a</grk> immortality,
fr. <grk>'aqa`natos</grk> immortal; <grk>'a</grk> priv. +
<grk>qa`natos</grk> death.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant
of the composite genus <i>Tanacetum</i>. The common tansy (<i>T.
vulgare</i>) has finely divided leaves, a strong aromatic odor, and a very
bitter taste. It is used for medicinal and culinary purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dish common in the seventeenth century, made
of eggs, sugar, rose water, cream, and the juice of herbs, baked with
butter in a shallow dish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Double tansy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a variety of the
common tansy with the leaves more dissected than usual.</cd> --
<col><b>Tansy mustard</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant (<i>Sisymbrium
canescens</i>) of the Mustard family, with tansylike leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Taint</u> tincture.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small scarlet arachnid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ta*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of tantalic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan*tal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to tantalum; derived from, or containing, tantalum;
specifically, designating any one of a series of acids analogous to nitric
acid and the polyacid compounds of phosphorus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ta*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tantalize</u>.]
<def>A punishment like that of Tantalus; a teasing or tormenting by the
hope or near approach of good which is not attainable; tantalization.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is not such a provision like <i>tantalism</i> to this
people?</blockquote> <i>Josiah Quincy.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ta*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tantalite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A heavy mineral of an iron-black
color and submetallic luster. It is essentially a tantalate of
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan`ta*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
tantalizing, or state of being tantalized.</def>  <i>Gayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ta*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tantalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tantalizing</u> (?).] [From <u>Tantalus</u>: cf. F. <i>tantaliser</i>.]
<def>To tease or torment by presenting some good to the view and exciting
desire, but continually frustrating the expectations by keeping that good
out of reach; to tease; to torment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy vain desires, at strife<BR>
Within themselves, have <i>tantalized</i> thy life.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To tease; vex; irritate; provoke.  -- <u>Tantalize</u>,
<u>Disappoint</u>. To <i>disappoint</i> is literally to <i>do away</i> with
what was (or was taken to be) <i>appointed</i>; hence the peculiar pain
from hopes thus dashed to the ground. To <i>tantalize</i>, a much stronger
term, describes a most distressing form of disappointment, as in the case
of Tantalus, the Phrygian king. To <i>tantalize</i> is to visit with the
bitterest disappointment -- to torment by exciting hopes or expectations
which can never be realized.</p>

<p><hw>Tan"ta*li`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
tantalizes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ta*li`zing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
tantalizing or teasing manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ta*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named on account
of the perplexity and difficulty encounterd by its discoverer (Ekeberg) in
isolating it. See <u>Tantalus</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare nonmetallic
element found in certain minerals, as tantalite, samarskite, and
fergusonite, and isolated as a dark powder which becomes steel-gray by
burnishing. Symbol Ta. Atomic weight 182.0. Formerly called also
<i>tantalium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ta*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr.
<grk>Ta`ntalos</grk>.] <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
Phrygian king who was punished in the lower world by being placed in the
midst of a lake whose waters reached to his chin but receded whenever he
attempted to allay his thirst, while over his head hung branches laden with
choice fruit which likewise receded whenever he stretched out his hand to
grasp them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of wading birds
comprising the wood ibises.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tantalus's cup</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a philosophical
toy, consisting of a cup, within which is the figure of a man, and within
the figure a siphon, the longer arm of which passes down through the bottom
of the cup, and allows the escape of any liquid that may be poured in, when
it reaches as high as the bend of the siphon, which is just below the level
of the mouth of the figure in the cup.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ta*mount`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>tant</i> so much
(L. <i>tantus</i>) + E. <i>amount</i>.] <def>Equivalent in value,
signification, or effect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A usage nearly <i>tantamount</i> to constitutional
right.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The certainty that delay, under these circumstances, was
<i>tantamount</i> to ruin.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ta*mount`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be tantamount or
equivalent; to amount.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan*tiv"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Said to be from the note
of a hunting horn.] <def>Swiftly; speedily; rapidly; -- a fox-hunting term;
as, to ride <i>tantivy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan*tiv"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rapid, violent gallop;
an impetuous rush.</def>  <i>Cleverland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan*tiv"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go away in
haste.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tan"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A whim, or burst of
ill-humor; an affected air.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tan"yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inclosure where the
tanning of leather is carried on; a tannery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tan`y*stom"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; to stretch + &?;, &?;, mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
dipterous insects in which the proboscis is large and contains lancelike
mandibles and maxill&aelig;. The horseflies and robber flies are
examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"o*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the popular
religions of China, sanctioned by the state.</def> -- <wf>Ta"o*ist</wf>,
<pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tapping</u>.] [F. <i>taper</i> to strike; of Teutonic origin; cf. dial.
G. <i>tapp</i>, <i>tapps</i>, a blow, <i>tappe</i> a paw, fist, G.
<i>tappen</i> to grope.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with a slight or
gentle blow; to touch gently; to rap lightly; to pat; as, to <i>tap</i> one
with the hand or a cane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put a new sole or heel on; as, to <i>tap</i>
shoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tape</i>. See <u>Tap</u>
to strike.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gentle or slight blow; a light rap; a
pat.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of leather fastened upon the bottom of a
boot or shoe in repairing or renewing the sole or heel.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A signal, by drum or
trumpet, for extinguishing all lights in soldiers' quarters and retiring to
bed, -- usually given about a quarter of an hour after tattoo.</def>
<i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To strike a gentle
blow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>t&aelig;ppa</i>, akin to D.
<i>tap</i>, G. <i>zapfen</i>, OHG. <i>zapfo</i>, Dan. <i>tap</i>, Sw.
<i>tapp</i>, Icel. <i>tappi</i>.  Cf. <u>Tampion</u>, <u>Tip</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hole or pipe through which liquor is
drawn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plug or spile for stopping a hole pierced in a
cask, or the like; a faucet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Liquor drawn through a tap; hence, a certain
kind or quality of liquor; as, a liquor of the same <i>tap</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A place where liquor is drawn for drinking; a
taproom; a bar.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A tool for forming an internal
screw, as in a nut, consisting of a hardened steel male screw grooved
longitudinally so as to have cutting edges.</def></p>

<p><col><b>On tap</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Ready to be drawn; as,
ale <i>on tap</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Broached, or furnished with
a tap; as, a barrel <i>on tap</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Plug tap</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a screw-cutting tap with a slightly tapering end.</cd>
-- <col><b>Tap bolt</b></col>, <cd>a bolt with a head on one end and a
thread on the other end, to be screwed into some fixed part, instead of
passing through the part and receiving a nut. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Bolt</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tap cinder</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>the
slag of a puddling furnace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pierce
so as to let out, or draw off, a fluid; as, to <i>tap</i> a cask, a tree, a
tumor, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to draw from (anything) in any analogous
way; as, to <i>tap</i> telegraph wires for the purpose of intercepting
information; to <i>tap</i> the treasury.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw, or cause to flow, by piercing.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He has been <i>tapping</i> his liquors.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To form an internal screw in
(anything) by means of a tool called a <i>tap</i>; as, to <i>tap</i> a
nut.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ta"pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of cloth prepared
by the Polynesians from the inner bark of the paper mulberry; -- sometimes
called also <i>kapa</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ta`pa*yax"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A Mexican spinous lizard (<i>Phrynosoma orbiculare</i>) having a head
somewhat like that of a toad; -- called also <i>horned toad</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tape</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>t&aelig;ppe</i> a
fillet.  Cf. <u>Tapestry</u>, <u>Tippet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
narrow fillet or band of cotton or linen; a narrow woven fabric used for
strings and the like; as, curtains tied with <i>tape</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tapeline; also, a metallic ribbon so marked as
to serve as a tapeline; as, a steel <i>tape</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Red tape</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Red</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Tape grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant (<i>Vallisneria
spiralis</i>) with long ribbonlike leaves, growing in fresh or brackish
water; -- called also <i>fresh-water eelgrass</i>, and, in Maryland,
<i>wild celery</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tape needle</b></col>.  <cd>See
<u>Bodkin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tape"line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A painted tape,
marked with linear dimensions, as inches, feet, etc., and often inclosed in
a case, -- used for measuring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>tapur</i>,
<i>tapor</i>, <i>taper</i>; cf. Ir. <i>tapar</i>, W. <i>tampr</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small wax candle; a small lighted wax candle;
hence, a small light.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Get me a <i>taper</i> in my study, Lucius.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tapering form; gradual diminution of thickness
in an elongated object; as, the <i>taper</i> of a spire.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1474 !></p>

<p><hw>Ta"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Supposed to be from
<i>taper</i>, n., in allusion to its form.] <def>Regularly narrowed toward
the point; becoming small toward one end; conical; pyramidical; as,
<i>taper</i> fingers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tapered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tapering</u>.]
<def>To become gradually smaller toward one end; as, a sugar loaf
<i>tapers</i> toward one end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make or cause to
taper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"pered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lighted with a taper or
tapers; as, a <i>tapered</i> choir.</def> [R.]  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ta"per*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming gradually
smaller toward one end.</def> -- <wf>Ta"per*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ta"per*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being taper; tapering form; taper.</def>  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tap"es*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tapestries</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>tapissere</i>, fr. <i>tapisser</i>
to carpet, to hang, or cover with tapestry, fr. <i>tapis</i> a carpet,
carpeting, LL. <i>tapecius</i>, fr. L. <i>tapete</i> carpet, tapestry, Gr.
&?;, &?;.  Cf. <u>Tapis</u>, <u>Tippet</u>.] <def>A fabric, usually of
worsted, worked upon a warp of linen or other thread by hand, the designs
being usually more or less pictorial and the stuff employed for wall
hangings and the like. The term is also applied to different kinds of
embroidery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tapestry carpet</b></col>, <cd>a kind of carpet, somewhat
resembling Brussels, in which the warp is printed before weaving, so as to
produce the figure in the cloth.</cd> -- <col><b>Tapestry moth</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Carpet moth</i>, under
<u>Carpet</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tap"es*try</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tapestried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tapestrying</u>.] <def>To adorn with tapestry, or as with
tapestry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Trosachs wound, as now, between gigantic walls of rock
<i>tapestried</i> with broom and wild roses.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tap"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tapete</i>. See
<u>Tapestry</u>.] <def>Worked or figured stuff; tapestry.</def> [R.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tap"e*ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tapetis</b></plw> (#). [Braz.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
South American hare (<i>Lepus Braziliensis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ta*pe"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>tapete</i> a carpet, a tapestry.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An area in the
pigmented layer of the choroid coat of the eye in many animals, which has
an iridescent or metallic luster and helps to make the eye visible in the
dark. Sometimes applied to the whole layer of pigmented epithelium of the
choroid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tape"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of cestode worms belonging to T&aelig;nia
and many allied genera. The body is long, flat, and composed of numerous
segments or proglottids varying in shape, those toward the end of the body
being much larger and longer than the anterior ones, and containing the
fully developed sexual organs. The head is small, destitute of a mouth, but
furnished with two or more suckers (which vary greatly in shape in
different genera), and sometimes, also, with hooks for adhesion to the
walls of the intestines of the animals in which they are parasitic. The
larv&aelig; (see <u>Cysticercus</u>) live in the flesh of various
creatures, and when swallowed by another animal of the right species
develop into the mature tapeworm in its intestine. See <i>Illustration</i>
in Appendix.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Three species are common parasites of man: the <i>pork
tapeworm</i> (<i>T&aelig;nia solium</i>), the larva of which is found in
pork; the <i>beef tapeworm</i> (<i>T. mediocanellata</i>), the larva of
which lives in the flesh of young cattle; and the <i>broad tapeworm</i>
(<i>Bothriocephalus latus</i>) which is found chiefly in the inhabitants of
the mountainous regions of Europe and Asia. See also <u>Echinococcus</u>,
<u>Cysticercus</u>, <u>Proglottis</u>, and 2d <u>Measles</u>, 4.</p>

<p><hw>Tap"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house where liquors
are retailed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Taph*ren"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a trench +
<i>enchyma</i>, as in <i>parenchyma</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Bothrenchyma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tap"i*nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tapish</u>.]
<def>A lurking or skulking.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tap`i*o"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Braz. <i>tapioka</i>: cf.
Pg., Sp. &amp; F. <i>tapioca</i>.] <def>A coarsely granular substance obtained
by heating, and thus partly changing, the moistened starch obtained from
the roots of the cassava. It is much used in puddings and as a thickening
for soups. See <u>Cassava</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"pir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Braz. <i>tapy'ra</i>: cf. F.
<i>tapir</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of large
odd-toed ungulates belonging to <i>Tapirus</i>, <i>Elasmognathus</i>, and
allied genera. They have a long prehensile upper lip, short ears, short and
stout legs, a short, thick tail, and short, close hair. They have three
toes on the hind feet, and four toes on the fore feet, but the outermost
toe is of little use.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The best-known species are the Indian tapir (<i>Tapirus
Indicus</i>), native of the East Indies and Malacca, which is black with a
broad band of white around the middle, and the common American tapir (<i>T.
Americanus</i>), which, when adult, is dull brown. Several others species
inhabit the Andes and Central America.</p>

<p><col><b>Tapir tiger</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
wallah.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ta"pir*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tapir</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Allied to the tapir, or the Tapir
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"pis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Tapestry</u>.]
<def>Tapestry; formerly, the cover of a council table.</def></p>

<p><col><b>On</b></col>, or <col><b>Upon</b></col>, <col><b>the
tapis</b></col>, <cd>on the table, or under consideration; as, to lay a
motion in Parliament <i>on the tapis</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tap"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover or work with
figures like tapestry.</def> [R.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tap"is*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tapissier</i>.]
<def>A maker of tapestry; an upholsterer.</def> [R.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tap"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. se <i>tapir</i> to
squat.] <def>To lie close to the ground, so as to be concealed; to squat;
to crouch; hence, to hide one's self.</def> [Written also <i>tappis</i>,
<i>tappish</i>, <i>tappice</i>.] [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As a hound that, having roused a hart,<BR>
Although he <i>tappish</i> ne'er so soft.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tap"lash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Bad small beer; also,
the refuse or dregs of liquor.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>taplash</i> of strong ale and wine.</blockquote>
<i>Taylor (1630).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tap"lings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The strong double
leathers by which the two parts of a flail are united.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ta*po"a ta"fa</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small
carnivorous marsupial (<i>Phascogale penicillata</i>) having long, soft
fur, and a very long tail with a tuft of long hairs at the end; -- called
also <i>brush-tailed phascogale</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tap"pen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An obstruction, or
indigestible mass, found in the intestine of bears and other animals during
hibernation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
lesser spotted woodpecker (<i>Dendrocopus minor</i>); -- called also
<i>tapperer</i>, <i>tabberer</i>, <i>little wood pie</i>, <i>barred
woodpecker</i>, <i>wood tapper</i>, <i>hickwall</i>, and <i>pump
borer</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tap"pes*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tapster</u>.]
<def>A female tapster.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tap"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A lever
or projection moved by some other piece, as a cam, or intended to tap or
touch something else, with a view to produce change or regulate
motion.</def>  <i>G. Francis.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tappet motion</b></col>, <cd>a valve motion worked by tappets
from a reciprocating part, without an eccentric or cam, -- used in steam
pumps, etc.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tap"pice</hw> (?), <hw>Tap"pis</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Tapish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tap"pit hen`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hen having a tuft
of feathers on her head.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measuring pot holding one quart (according to
some, three quarts); -- so called from a knob on the lid, thought to
resemble a crested hen.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tap"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room where liquors
are kept on tap; a barroom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ambassador was put one night into a miserable
<i>taproom</i>, full of soldiers smoking.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tap"root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The root
of a plant which penetrates the earth directly downward to a considerable
depth without dividing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tap"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>t&aelig;ppestre</i>
a female tapster. See <u>Tap</u> a plug, pipe, and <u>-ster</u>.] <def>One
whose business is to tap or draw ale or other liquor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"qua-nut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Central American name for the ivory nut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from <i>tarpaulin</i>.]
<def>A sailor; a seaman.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>terre</i>, <i>tarre</i>, AS.
<i>teru</i>, <i>teoru</i>; akin to D. <i>teer</i>, G. <i>teer</i>,
<i>theer</i>, Icel. <i>tjara</i>, Sw. <i>tj&auml;ra</i>, Dan.
<i>ti&aelig;re</i>, and to E. <i>tree</i>. &radic;63. See <u>Tree</u>.]
<def>A thick, black, viscous liquid obtained by the distillation of wood,
coal, etc., and having a varied composition according to the temperature
and material employed in obtaining it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coal tar</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Mineral tar</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a kind of soft native
bitumen.</cd> -- <col><b>Tar board</b></col>, <cd>a strong quality of
millboard made from junk and old tarred rope.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Tar water</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A cold infusion of tar
in water, used as a medicine.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The ammoniacal
water of gas works.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood tar</b></col>, <cd>tar obtained
from wood. It is usually obtained by the distillation of the wood of the
pine, spruce, or fir, and is used in varnishes, cements, and to render
ropes, oakum, etc., impervious to water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tarred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tarring</u>.]
<def>To smear with tar, or as with tar; as, to <i>tar</i> ropes; to
<i>tar</i> cloth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To tar and feather a person</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Feather</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Tar"a*nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>taranis</i>, from
the Celtic; cf. W. &amp; Corn. <i>taran</i> thunder.] <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A
Celtic divinity, regarded as the evil principle, but confounded by the
Romans with Jupiter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar`an*tass"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>tarantas'</i>.] <def>A low four-wheeled carriage used in Russia. The
carriage box rests on two long, springy poles which run from the fore to
the hind axletree. When snow falls, the wheels are taken off, and the body
is mounted on a sledge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar`an*tel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A rapid and delirious sort of Neapolitan dance in
6-8 time, which moves in whirling triplets; -- so called from a popular
notion of its being a remedy against the poisonous bite of the
<i>tarantula</i>. Some derive its name from Taranto in Apulia.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Music suited to such a dance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"ant*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>tarantismo</i>:
cf. F. <i>tarentisme</i>. See <u>Tarantula</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
nervous affection producing melancholy, stupor, and an uncontrollable
desire to dance. It was supposed to be produced by the bite of the
tarantula, and considered to be incapable of cure except by protracted
dancing to appropriate music.</def> [Written also <i>tarentism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ta*ran"tu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Tarantulas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Tarantul&aelig;</b></plw> (#).
[NL., fr. It. <i>tarantola</i>, fr. L. <i>Tarentum</i>, now <i>Taranto</i>,
in the south of Italy.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of large spiders, popularly supposed to be very venomous, especially the
European species (<i>Tarantula apuli&aelig;</i>). The tarantulas of Texas
and adjacent countries are large species of Mygale.</def> [Written also
<i>tarentula</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Tarantula killer</b></col>, <cd>a very large wasp (<i>Pompilus
formosus</i>), which captures the Texan tarantula (<i>Mygale Hentzii</i>)
and places it in its nest as food for its young, after paralyzing it by a
sting.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ta*ran"tu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bitten by a
tarantula; affected with tarantism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*bog"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Toboggan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*boosh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>tarb&?;sh</i>;
perhaps from Per. <i>sar-posh</i> headdress: cf. F. <i>tarbouch</i>.]
<def>A red cap worn by Turks and other Eastern nations, sometimes alone and
sometimes swathed with linen or other stuff to make a turban. See
<u>Fez</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tardatio</i>, fr.
<i>tardare</i>, <i>tardatum</i>, to retard, delay, fr. <i>tardus</i> slow.]
<def>The act of retarding, or delaying; retardation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Tar`di*gra"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Tardigrade</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of edentates comprising the sloths. They
are noted for the slowness of their movements when on the ground. See
<u>Sloth</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of minute aquatic
arachnids; -- called also <i>bear animalcules</i>, <i>sloth
animalcules</i>, and <i>water bears</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"di*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tardigradus</i>;
<i>tardus</i> slow + <i>gradi</i> to step: cf. F. <i>tardigrade</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving or stepping slowly; slow-paced.</def> [R.]
<i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Tardigrada.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"di*grade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of the Tardigrada.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"di*gra`dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moving slowly;
slow-paced.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"di*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tardy manner;
slowly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"di*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being tardy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar`di*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tardiness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To instruct them to avoid all snares of <i>tarditation</i>,
in the Lord's affairs.</blockquote> <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tarditas</i>.]
<def>Slowness; tardiness.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tar"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Slow; -- a direction to perform a passage slowly.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tar"do</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., slow, L. <i>tardus</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Tardier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Tardiest</u>.] [F.
<i>tardif</i>, fr. (assumed) LL. <i>tardivus</i>, fr. L. <i>tardus</i>
slow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving with a slow pace or motion; slow; not
swift.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And check the <i>tardy</i> flight of time.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tardy</i> to vengeance, and with mercy
brave.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not being inseason; late; dilatory; -- opposed
to <i>prompt</i>; as, to be <i>tardy</i> in one's payments.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tardy</i> plants in our cold orchards
placed.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unwary; unready.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Criminal; guilty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Slow; dilatory; tedious; reluctant. See <u>Slow</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Tar"dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make tardy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tare</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Tear</u>.
<def>Tore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E. <i>tare</i> brisk,
eager, OE. <i>tarefitch</i> the wild vetch.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A weed
that grows among wheat and other grain; -- alleged by modern naturalists to
be the <i>Lolium temulentum</i>, or darnel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Didst not thou sow good seed in thy field? From whence then
hath it <i>tares</i>?</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The "darnel" is said to be the <i>tares</i> of Scripture,
and is the only deleterious species belonging to the whole
order.</blockquote> <i>Baird.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name of several climbing or
diffuse leguminous herbs of the genus <i>Vicia</i>; especially, the <i>V.
sativa</i>, sometimes grown for fodder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tare</i>; cf. Pr., Sp., Pg.,
& It. <i>tara</i>; all fr. Ar. <i>tarah</i> thrown away, removed, fr.
<i>taraha</i> to reject, remove.] <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Deficientcy in the
weight or quantity of goods by reason of the weight of the cask, bag, or
whatever contains the commodity, and is weighed with it; hence, the
allowance or abatement of a certain weight or quantity which the seller
makes to the buyer on account of the weight of such cask, bag,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tare</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tared</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Taring</u>.] <def>To
ascertain or mark the tare of (goods).</def></p>

<p><hw>Tared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Weighed;
determined; reduced to equal or standard weight; as, <i>tared</i> filter
papers, used in weighing precipitates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*ren"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tarente</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A harmless lizard of the Gecko family
(<i>Platydactylus Mauritianicus</i>) found in Southern Europe and adjacent
countries, especially among old walls and ruins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"ent*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tarantism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*ren"tu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tarantula</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Targe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf. <u>Target</u>.] <def>A
shield or target.</def> [Obs. or Poetic] "A buckler on a <i>targe</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"get</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>targette</i>, dim. of
OF. &amp; F. <i>targe</i>, of Teutonic origin; cf. AS. <i>targe</i>, OD.
<i>targie</i>, G. <i>zarge</i> a frame, case, border, OHG. <i>zarga</i>,
Icel. <i>targa</i> shield.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of small shield
or buckler, used as a defensive weapon in war.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A butt or mark to shoot at,
as for practice, or to test the accuracy of a firearm, or the force of a
projectile.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pattern or arrangement of a
series of hits made by a marksman on a butt or mark; as, he made a good
<i>target</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surveying)</i> <def>The sliding crosspiece, or
vane, on a leveling staff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A conspicuous disk attached to
a switch lever to show its position, or for use as a signal.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1475 !></p>

<p><hw>Tar"get*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished, armed, or
protected, with a target.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar`get*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is armed
with a target or shield.</def> [Written also <i>targetier</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tar"gum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Targums</b></plw> (#). Heb. <plw><b>Targumim</b></plw> (#). [Chald.
<i>targ&umacr;m</i> interpretation, fr. <i>targ&emacr;m</i> to interpret.
Cf. <u>Truchman</u>, and <u>Dragoman</u>.] <def>A translation or paraphrase
of some portion of the Old Testament Scriptures in the Chaldee or Aramaic
language or dialect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"gum*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The writer of a Targum;
one versed in the Targums.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"iff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tarif</i>; cf. Sp. &
Pg. <i>tarifa</i>, It. <i>tariffa</i>; all fr. Ar. <i>ta'r&imacr;f</i>
information, explanation, definition, from <i>'arafa</i>, to know, to
inform, explain.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A schedule, system, or scheme of
duties imposed by the government of a country upon goods imported or
exported; as, a revenue <i>tariff</i>; a protective <i>tariff</i>; Clay's
compromise <i>tariff</i>. (U. S. 1833).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The United States and Great Britain impose no duties on exports;
hence, in these countries the <i>tariff</i> refers only to imports.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The duty, or rate of duty, so imposed; as, the
<i>tariff</i> on wool; a <i>tariff</i> of two cents a pound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any schedule or system of rates, changes, etc.;
as, a <i>tariff</i> of fees, or of railroad fares.</def>
<i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"iff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tariffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tariffing</u>.] <def>To make a list of duties on, as goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The siskin.</def> [Prov.]</p>

<p><hw>Tar"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
common tern; -- called also <i>tarret</i>, and <i>tarrock</i>.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tar"la*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of thin,
transparent muslin, used for dresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tarn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>terne</i>, Icel.
<i>tj&ouml;rn</i>.] <def>A mountain lake or pool.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lofty precipice in front,<BR>
A silent <i>tarn</i> below.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tarnished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tarnishing</u>.] [F. <i>ternir</i>, fr. OHG. <i>tarnen</i> to darken, to
conceal, hide; akin to OS. <i>dernian</i> to hide, AS. <i>dernan</i>,
<i>dyrnan</i>, OHG. <i>tarni</i> hidden, OS. <i>derni</i>, AS.
<i>derne</i>, <i>dyrne</i>.  Cf. <u>Dern</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and see
<u>-ish</u>.] <def>To soil, or change the appearance of, especially by an
alternation induced by the air, or by dust, or the like; to diminish, dull,
or destroy the luster of; to sully; as, to <i>tarnish</i> a metal; to
<i>tarnish</i> gilding; to <i>tarnish</i> the purity of color.</def>
"<i>Tarnished</i> lace." <i>Fuller.</i> Used also figuratively; as, to
<i>tarnish</i> one's honor.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To sully; stain; dim.</p>

<p><hw>Tar"nish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lose luster; to
become dull; as, gilding will <i>tarnish</i> in a foul air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till thy fresh glories, which now shine so bright,<BR>
Grow stale and <i>tarnish</i> with our daily sight.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"nish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being tarnished; stain; soil; blemish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A thin film on the surface of a
metal, usually due to a slight alteration of the original color; as, the
steel <i>tarnish</i> in columbite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"nish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, tarnishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the Polynesian name.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name for several aroid plants (<i>Colocasia
antiquorum</i>, var. <i>esculenta</i>, <i>Colocasia macrorhiza</i>, etc.),
and their rootstocks. They have large ovate-sagittate leaves and large
fleshy rootstocks, which are cooked and used for food in tropical
countries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; cf. It. <i>tarocco</i>.]
<def>A game of cards; -- called also <i>taroc</i>.</def>  <i>Hoyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"pan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wild horse found in the region of the Caspian
Sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*pau"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tar</i> +
<i>palling</i> a covering, pall to cover. See <u>Pall</u> a covering.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of canvas covered with tar or a waterproof
composition, used for covering the hatches of a ship, hammocks, boats,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hat made of, or covered with, painted or
tarred cloth, worn by sailors and others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a sailor; a seaman; a tar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To a landsman, these <i>tarpaulins</i>, as they were called,
seemed a strange and half-savage race.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"pon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Tarpum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"pum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
very large marine fish (<i>Megapolis Atlanticus</i>) of the Southern United
States and the West Indies. It often becomes six or more feet in length,
and has large silvery scales. The scales are a staple article of trade, and
are used in fancywork. Called also <i>tarpon</i>, <i>sabalo</i>,
<i>savanilla</i>, <i>silverfish</i>, and <i>jewfish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"quin*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a Tarquin, a
king of ancient Rome; proud; haughty; overbearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"race</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Trass</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tar"ra*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>taragona</i>, Ar.
<i>tarkh&?;n</i>; perhaps fr. Gr. &?; a dragon, or L. <i>draco</i>; cf. L.
<i>dracunculus</i> tarragon.  Cf. <u>Dragon</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant of the genus <i>Artemisa</i> (<i>A. dracunculus</i>), much used in
France for flavoring vinegar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"ras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Trass</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tarre</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tarien</i>,
<i>terien</i>, to irritate, provoke, AS. <i>tergan</i> to pull, pluck,
torment; probably akin to E. <i>tear</i>, v.t. &radic;63.  Cf.
<u>Tarry</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To set on, as a dog; to
incite.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"ri*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or time of
tarrying; delay; lateness.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And after two days' <i>tarriance</i> there,
returned.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, tarries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"ri*er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind
of dig; a terrier.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tar"rock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Greenland
<i>tattarock</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The young
of the kittiwake gull before the first molt.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The common guillemot.</def> [Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
common tern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Tar</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Consisting of, or covered with, tar; like
tar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tarried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tarrying</u>.] [OE. <i>tarien</i> to irritate (see <u>Tarre</u>); but
with a change of sense probably due to confusion with OE. <i>targen</i> to
delay, OF. <i>targier</i>, fr. (assumed) LL. <i>tardicare</i>, fr. L.
<i>tardare</i> to make slow, to tarry, fr. <i>tardus</i> slow.  Cf.
<u>Tardy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stay or remain behind; to
wait.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tarry</i> ye for us, until we come again.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xxiv. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To delay; to put off going or coming; to
loiter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come down unto me, <i>tarry</i> not.</blockquote> <i>Gen.
xic. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>tarried</i> here, there hurried one.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To stay; to abide; to continue; to
lodge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tarry</i> all night, and wash your feet.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xix. 2.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To abide; continue; lodge; await; loiter.</p>

<p><hw>Tar"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
delay; to defer; to put off.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tarry</i> us here no longer than to-morrow.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wait for; to stay or stop for.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He that will have a cake out of the wheat must needs
<i>tarry</i> the grinding.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He plodded on, . . . <i>tarrying</i> no further
question.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Stay; stop; delay.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>E. Lodge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the tarsus (either of the foot or eye).</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tarsal bone or cartilage; a tarsale.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tarsal tetter</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an eruptive disease
of the edges of the eyelids; a kind of bleareye.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tar"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Tercel</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Tar*sa"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tarsalia</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the bones
or cartilages of the tarsus; esp., one of the series articulating with the
metatarsals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tarse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tassel</u>,
<u>Tiercel</u>.] <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>The male falcon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tarse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tarse</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>tarsus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*sec"to*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tarsus</i> + Gr.
&?; to cut out.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of excising one or more
of the bones of the tarsus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A male hawk. See
<u>Tercel</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Tar"si</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos>
of <u>Tarsus</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Tar"si*a</hw> (?), <hw>||Tar`si*a*tu"ra</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A kind of mosaic in woodwork, much employed
in Italy in the fifteenth century and later, in which scrolls and
arabesques, and sometimes architectural scenes, landscapes, fruits,
flowers, and the like, were produced by inlaying pieces of wood of
different colors and shades into panels usually of walnut wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"si*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tarsier</i>.]
<def>See <u>Tarsius</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tar"si*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Tarsus</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of nocturnal lemurine mammals having very
large eyes and ears, a long tail, and very long proximal tarsal bones; --
called also <i>malmag</i>, <i>spectral lemur</i>, <i>podji</i>, and
<i>tarsier</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"so-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to indicate
<i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the tarsus</i>; as,
<i>tarso</i>metatarsus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar`so*met`a*tar"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to both the tarsus and
metatarsus; as, the <i>tarsometatarsal</i> articulations.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the tarsometatarsus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tar`so*met`a*tar"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tarsometatarsi</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The large
bone next the foot in the leg of a bird. It is formed by the union of the
distal part of the tarsus with the metatarsus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*sor"rha*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tarsus</i> + Gr.
<grk>"rafh`</grk> seam, fr. &?; to sew.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An operation
to diminish the size of the opening between eyelids when enlarged by
surrounding cicatrices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*sot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tarsus</i> + Gr. &?;
to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of cutting or removing the
tarsal cartilages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tarsi</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the flat of the foot, the
edge of the eyelid.  Cf. 2d <u>Tarse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The ankle; the bones or cartilages
of the part of the foot between the metatarsus and the leg, consisting in
man of seven short bones.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A plate of dense
connective tissue or cartilage in the eyelid of man and many animals; --
called also <i>tarsal cartilage</i>, and <i>tarsal plate</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The foot of an insect or a
crustacean. It usually consists of form two to five joints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tart</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>teart</i>. &radic;63.
Cf. <u>Tear</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sharp to
the taste; acid; sour; as, a <i>tart</i> apple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Sharp; keen; severe; as, a <i>tart</i>
reply; <i>tart</i> language; a <i>tart</i> rebuke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why art thou <i>tart</i>, my brother?</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tart</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tarte</i>, F. <i>tarte</i>;
perhaps originally the same word as <i>tourte</i>, LL. <i>torta</i>, fr. L.
<i>tortus</i>, p. p. of <i>torquere</i> to twist, bend, wind, because tarts
were originally made of a twisted shape.  Cf. <u>Torture</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A species of small open pie, or piece of pastry,
containing jelly or conserve; a sort of fruit pie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tiretane</i> linsey-
woolsey, akin to Sp. <i>tirita&ntilde;a</i> a sort of thin silk; cf. Sp.
<i>tiritar</i> to shiver or shake with cold.] <def>Woolen cloth, checkered
or crossbarred with narrow bands of various colors, much worn in the
Highlands of Scotland; hence, any pattern of tartan; also, other material
of a similar pattern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>MacCullummore's heart will be as cold as death can make it,
when it does not warm to the <i>tartan</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sight of the <i>tartan</i> inflamed the populace of
London with hatred.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tartane</i>, or Sp., Pg.,
or It. <i>tartana</i>; all perhaps of Arabic origin.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
small coasting vessel, used in the Mediterranean, having one mast carrying
large leteen sail, and a bowsprit with staysail or jib.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tartre</i> (cf. Pr.
<i>tartari</i>, Sp., Pg., &amp; It. <i>tartaro</i>, LL. <i>tartarum</i>, LGr.
&?;); perhaps of Arabic origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
reddish crust or sediment in wine casks, consisting essentially of crude
cream of tartar, and used in marking pure cream of tartar, tartaric acid,
potassium carbonate, black flux, etc., and, in dyeing, as a mordant for
woolen goods; -- called also <i>argol</i>, <i>wine stone</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A correction which often incrusts the teeth,
consisting of salivary mucus, animal matter, and phosphate of
lime.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cream of tartar</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Cream</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tartar emetic</b></col> <i>(Med. Chem.)</i>,
<cd>a double tartrate of potassium and basic antimony. It is a poisonous
white crystalline substance having a sweetish metallic taste, and used in
medicine as a sudorific and emetic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [Per.
<i>T&amacr;t&amacr;r</i>, of Tartar origin.] <def>A native or inhabitant of
Tartary in Asia; a member of any one of numerous tribes, chiefly Moslem, of
Turkish origin, inhabiting the Russian Europe; -- written also, more
correctly but less usually, <i>Tatar</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person of a keen, irritable temper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To catch a tartar</b></col>, <cd>to lay hold of, or encounter, a
person who proves too strong for the assailant.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tar"tar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Tartary
in Asia, or the Tartars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tartare</i>.] <def>See
<u>Tartarus</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tar*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Tartrated.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tar*ta"re*an</hw> (?), <hw>Tar*ta"re*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tartareus</i>: cf. F. <i>tartar&eacute;en</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Tartarus; hellish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*ta"re*ous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. 1st <u>Tartarous</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of tartar; of the nature of
tartar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the surface rough and
crumbling; as, many lichens are <i>tartareous</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tar*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Tar*tar"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Tartary in Asia, or the
Tartars.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tartarian lamb</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>Scythian lamb. See
<u>Barometz</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tar*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
name of some kinds of cherries, as the Black <i>Tartarian</i>, or the White
<i>Tartarian</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*tar"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to tartar; derived from, or resembling, tartar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tartaric acid</b></col>. <i>(a)</i> <cd>An acid widely diffused
throughout the vegetable kingdom, as in grapes, mountain-ash berries, etc.,
and obtained from tartar as a white crystalline substance,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>.(CO<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>2</sub>,
having a strong pure acid taste. It is used in medicine, in dyeing, calico
printing, photography, etc., and also as a substitute for lemon juice.
Called also <i>dextro-tartaric acid</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>By
extension, any one of the series of isomeric acids (racemic acid,
levotartaric acid, inactive tartaric acid) of which tartaric acid proper is
the type.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tar*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>
<def>Potassium carbonate, obtained by the incineration of tartar.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tar"tar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tartarized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tartarizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>tartariser</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To
impregnate with, or subject to the action of, tartar.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Tartarized antimony</b></col> <i>(Med. Chem.)</i>, <cd>tartar
emetic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to
resemble the Tartars and their civilization, as by conquest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tar*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tartareux</i>.] <def>Containing tartar; consisting of tartar, or
partaking of its qualities; tartareous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tar*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling, or
characteristic of, a Tartar; ill-natured; irritable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Tartarous</i> moods of common men.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"ta*rum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
1st <u>Tartar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"ta*rus</hw> (t&auml;r"t&adot;*r&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L., from Gr. <grk>Ta`rtaros</grk>.] <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The
infernal regions, described in the Iliad as situated as far below Hades as
heaven is above the earth, and by later writers as the place of punishment
for the spirits of the wicked. By the later poets, also, the name is often
used synonymously with <i>Hades</i>, or the Lower World in
general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tartarus.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1476 !></p>

<p><hw>Tar*ti"ni's tones`</hw> (?). [From <i>Tartini</i>, an Italian
violinist, who discovered them in 1754.] <def>See the Note under
<u>Tone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tart"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
tart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tart"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small tart.</def>
<i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tart"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tart manner; with
acidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tart"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being tart.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Acrimony; sourness; keenness; poignancy; severity;
asperity; acerbity; harshness. See <u>Acrimony</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Tar*tral"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Tartar</u> the
chemical compound.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an
acid obtained as a white amorphous deliquescent substance,
C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>11</sub>; -- called also
<i>ditartaric</i>, <i>tartrilic</i>, or <i>tartrylic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*tram"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of tartramic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*tram"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tarto-</i> +
<i>amic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an
acid which is the primary acid amide derivative of tartaric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*tram"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tarto-</i> +
<i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An acid amide derivative of tartaric
acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tartrate</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of tartaric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tra`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med. Chem.)</i>
<def>Containing, or derived from, tartar; combined with tartaric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tra*zine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tart</i>aric +
hyd<i>razine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An artificial dyestuff obtained as
an orange-yellow powder, and regarded as a phenyl hydrazine derivative of
tartaric and sulphonic acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*trel"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Tartar</u> the
chemical compound.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating,
an anhydride, C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, of tartaric acid,
obtained as a white crystalline deliquescent substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tro-</hw>. <def>A combining form (also used adjectively) used in
chemistry to denote <i>the presence of tartar</i> or <i>of some of its
compounds</i> or <i>derivatives</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tro*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of tartronic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*tron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tartro-</i> +
mal<i>onic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an
organic acid (called also <i>hydroxy malonic acid</i>) obtained, by
reducing mesoxalic acid, as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar"tro*nyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tartron</i>ic + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical radical constituting the
characteristic residue of tartronic acid and certain of its
derivatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar`tro*vin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tartro-</i> +
<i>vinic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a
certain acid composed of tartaric acid in combination with ethyl, and now
called <i>ethyltartaric acid</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tar*tuffe"</hw>, <hw>Tar*tufe"</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>tartufe</i>.] <def>A hypocritical devotee. See the Dictionary of
Noted Names in Fiction.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tar*tuff"ish</hw>, <hw>Tar*tuf"ish</hw>, } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Like a tartuffe; precise; hypocritical.</def>  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tar"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name
given to several resinous-glandular composite plants of California, esp. to
the species of <i>Grindelia</i>, <i>Hemizonia</i>, and
<i>Madia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A heap.</def> [Obs.]
"The <i>tas</i> of bodies slain."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tas</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tassel.</def> [Obs.] "A
purse of leather <i>tassed</i> with silk."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tas"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp. <i>tasconio</i>.]
<def>A kind of clay for making melting pots.</def>  <i>Percy Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ta*sim"er</hw> (t&adot;*s&ibreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ta`sis</grk> stretching, extension (from
<grk>tei`nein</grk> to stretch) + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
instrument for detecting or measuring minute extensions or movements of
solid bodies. It consists essentially of a small rod, disk, or button of
carbon, forming part of an electrical circuit, the resistance of which,
being varied by the changes of pressure produced by the movements of the
object to be measured, causes variations in the strength of the current,
which variations are indicated by a sensitive galvanometer. It is also used
for measuring minute changes of temperature.</def>  <i>T. A.
Edison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Task</hw> (t&adot;sk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>taske</i>, OF.
<i>tasque</i>, F. <i>t&acirc;che</i>, for <i>tasche</i>, LL. <i>tasca</i>,
<i>taxa</i>, fr. L. <i>taxare</i> to rate, appraise, estimate. See
<u>Tax</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Labor or study imposed by another, often in a definite quantity or
amount.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ma <i>task</i> of servile toil.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each morning sees some <i>task</i> begin,<BR>
Each evening sees it close.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Business; employment; undertaking;
labor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His mental powers were equal to greater
<i>tasks</i>.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To take to task</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Take</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Work; labor; employment; business; toil; drudgery; study;
lesson; stint.</p>

<p><hw>Task</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tasked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tasking</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To impose a task upon; to assign a definite amount
of business, labor, or duty to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There <i>task</i> thy maids, and exercise the
loom.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To oppress with severe or excessive burdens; to
tax.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To charge; to tax, as with a fault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too impudent to <i>task</i> me with those
errors.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Task"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who imposes a task.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who performs a task, as a day-laborer.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A laborer who receives his wages in kind.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Task"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who imposes a
task, or burdens another with labor; one whose duty is to assign tasks; an
overseer.</def>  <i>Ex. i. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All is, if I have grace to use it so,<BR>
As ever in my great <i>Taskmaster's</i> eye.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Task"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work done as a task;
also, work done by the job; piecework.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tas"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tasse</u> a piece of
armor.] <def>A piece of armor formerly worn to guard the thighs; a
tasse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tas*ma"ni*an</hw> (t&abreve;z*m&amacr;"n&ibreve;*<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Tasmania, or Van Diemen's
Land.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Tasmania;</def> specifically <i>(Ethnol.)</i>, <def>in the plural, the race
of men that formerly inhabited Tasmania, but is now extinct.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tasmanian cider tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See the Note
under <u>Eucalyptus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tasmanian devil</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Devil</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tasmanian
wolf</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a savage carnivorous marsupial; --
called also <i>zebra wolf</i>. See <i>Zebra wolf</i>, under
<u>Wolf</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tasse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>tassette</i>.] <def>A
piece of armor for the thighs, forming an appendage to the ancient
corselet.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Usually the <i>tasse</i> was a plate of iron swinging from the
cuirass, but the skirts of sliding splints were also called by this
name.</p>

<p><hw>Tas"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>A male
hawk. See <u>Tercel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tas"sel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Teasel</u>.] <def>A kind
of bur used in dressing cloth; a teasel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tas"sel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE., a fastening of a mantle,
OF. <i>tassel</i> a fastening, clasp, F. <i>tasseau</i> a bracket, Fr. L.
<i>taxillus</i> a little die, dim. of <i>talus</i> a die of a longish
shape, rounded on two sides and marked only on the other four, a knuckle
bone.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pendent ornament, attached to the corners
of cushions, to curtains, and the like, ending in a tuft of loose threads
or cords.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The flower or head of some plants, esp. when
pendent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the maize field grew and ripened, Till it stood in all
the splendor<BR>
Of its garments green and yellow,<BR>
Of its <i>tassels</i> and its plumage.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A narrow silk ribbon, or the like, sewed to a
book to be put between the leaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A piece of board that is laid
upon a wall as a sort of plate, to give a level surface to the ends of
floor timbers; -- rarely used in the United States.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tassel flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of several
composite plants of the genus <i>Cineraria</i>, especially the <i>C.
sconchifolia</i>, and of the blossoms which they bear.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tas"sel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tasseled</u> (?) or <u>Tasselled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Tasseling</u> or <u>Tasselling</u>.] <def>To put forth a
tassel or flower; as, maize <i>tassels</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tas"sel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To adorn with
tassels.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tas"set</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tasse</u>.] <def>A
defense for the front of the thigh, consisting of one or more iron plates
hanging from the belt on the lower edge of the corselet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tast"a*ble</hw> (t&amacr;st"&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Capable of worthy of being tasted; savory; relishing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taste</hw> (t&amacr;st), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tasting</u>.] [OE. <i>tasten</i> to feel, to taste, OF. <i>taster</i>,
F. <i>tater</i> to feel, to try by the touch, to try, to taste, (assumed)
LL. <i>taxitare</i>, fr. L. <i>taxare</i> to touch sharply, to estimate.
See <u>Tax</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To try by
the touch; to handle; as, to <i>taste</i> a bow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Taste</i> it well and stone thou shalt it
find.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To try by the touch of the tongue; to perceive
the relish or flavor of (anything) by taking a small quantity into a mouth.
Also used figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the ruler of the feast had <i>tasted</i> the water that
was made wine.</blockquote> <i>John ii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When Commodus had once <i>tasted</i> human blood, he became
incapable of pity or remorse.</blockquote> <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To try by eating a little; to eat a small
quantity of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>tasted</i> a little of this honey.</blockquote> <i>1
Sam. xiv. 29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To become acquainted with by actual trial; to
essay; to experience; to undergo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . should <i>taste</i> death for every
man.</blockquote> <i>Heb. ii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To partake of; to participate in; -- usually
with an implied sense of relish or pleasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou . . . wilt <i>taste</i><BR>
No pleasure, though in pleasure, solitary.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taste</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To try
food with the mouth; to eat or drink a little only; to try the flavor of
anything; as, to <i>taste</i> of each kind of wine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a smack; to excite a particular
sensation, by which the specific quality or flavor is distinguished; to
have a particular quality or character; as, this water <i>tastes</i>
brackish; the milk <i>tastes</i> of garlic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yea, every idle, nice, and wanton reason<BR>
Shall to the king <i>taste</i> of this action.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take sparingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For age but <i>tastes</i> of pleasures, youth
devours.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To have perception, experience, or enjoyment; to
partake; as, to <i>taste</i> of nature's bounty.</def>  <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The valiant never <i>taste</i> of death but
once.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taste</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
tasting; gustation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particular sensation excited by the
application of a substance to the tongue; the quality or savor of any
substance as perceived by means of the tongue; flavor; as, the <i>taste</i>
of an orange or an apple; a bitter <i>taste</i>; an acid <i>taste</i>; a
sweet <i>taste</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The one of the five senses by
which certain properties of bodies (called their <i>taste</i>,
<i>savor</i>, <i>flavor</i>) are ascertained by contact with the organs of
taste.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Taste depends mainly on the contact of soluble matter with the
terminal organs (connected with branches of the glossopharyngeal and other
nerves) in the papill&aelig; on the surface of the tongue. The base of the
tongue is considered most sensitive to bitter substances, the point to
sweet and acid substances.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Intellectual relish; liking; fondness; --
formerly with <i>of</i>, now with <i>for</i>; as, he had no <i>taste</i>
for study.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have no <i>taste</i><BR>
Of popular applause.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The power of perceiving and relishing excellence
in human performances; the faculty of discerning beauty, order, congruity,
proportion, symmetry, or whatever constitutes excellence, particularly in
the fine arts and belles-letters; critical judgment; discernment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Manner, with respect to what is pleasing,
refined, or in accordance with good usage; style; as, music composed in
good <i>taste</i>; an epitaph in bad <i>taste</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Essay; trial; experience; experiment.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A small portion given as a specimen; a little
piece tasted or eaten; a bit.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A kind of narrow and thin silk ribbon.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Savor; relish; flavor; sensibility; gout.  --
<u>Taste</u>, <u>Sensibility</u>, <u>Judgment</u>. Some consider
<i>taste</i> as a mere <i>sensibility</i>, and others as a simple exercise
of <i>judgment</i>; but a union of both is requisite to the existence of
anything which deserves the name. An original sense of the beautiful is
just as necessary to &aelig;sthetic judgments, as a sense of right and
wrong to the formation of any just conclusions on moral subjects. But this
"sense of the beautiful" is not an arbitrary principle. It is under the
guidance of reason; it grows in delicacy and correctness with the progress
of the individual and of society at large; it has its laws, which are
seated in the nature of man; and it is in the development of these laws
that we find the true "standard of taste."</p>

<p><blockquote>What, then, is <i>taste</i>, but those internal powers,<BR>
Active and strong, and feelingly alive<BR>
To each fine impulse? a discerning sense<BR>
Of decent and sublime, with quick disgust<BR>
From things deformed, or disarranged, or gross<BR>
In species? This, nor gems, nor stores of gold,<BR>
Nor purple state, nor culture, can bestow,<BR>
But God alone, when first his active hand<BR>
Imprints the secret bias of the soul.</blockquote> <i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Taste of buds</b></col>, or <col><b>Taste of goblets</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the flask-shaped end organs of taste in the epithelium
of the tongue. They are made up of modified epithelial cells arranged
somewhat like leaves in a bud.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Taste"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having a high relish; savory.</def> "<i>Tasteful</i> herbs."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having or exhibiting good taste; in accordance
with good taste; tasty; as, a <i>tasteful</i> drapery.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Taste"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Taste"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Taste"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
no taste; insipid; flat; as, <i>tasteless</i> fruit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of the sense of taste; or of good
taste; as, a <i>tasteless</i> age.</def>  <i>Orrery.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not in accordance with good taste; as, a
<i>tasteless</i> arrangement of drapery.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Taste"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Taste"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tast"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who tastes; especially, one who first tastes food or drink to ascertain its
quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy tutor be thy <i>taster</i>, ere thou eat.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That in which, or by which, anything is tasted,
as, a dram cup, a cheese taster, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a peculiar kind of
zooids situated on the polyp-stem of certain Siphonophora. They somewhat
resemble the feeding zooids, but are destitute of mouths. See
<u>Siphonophora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tast"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tasty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tast"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of perceiving or
tasting by the organs of taste; the faculty or sense by which we perceive
or distinguish savors.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tas"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
key or thing touched to produce a tone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Tasto solo</b></col>, <cd>single touch; -- in old music, a
direction denoting that the notes in the bass over or under which it is
written should be performed alone, or with no other chords than unisons and
octaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tast"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Tastier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Tastiest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having a good taste; -- applied to persons; as, a
<i>tasty</i> woman. See <u>Taste</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being in conformity to the principles of good
taste; elegant; as, <i>tasty</i> furniture; a <i>tasty</i> dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>t&amacr;t</i>.]
<def>Gunny cloth made from the fiber of the <i>Corchorus olitorius</i>, or
jute.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Tat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>tatt&?;</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A pony.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Ta*tau"pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American tinamou (<i>Crypturus
tataupa</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Tatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tache</i> spot. See
<u>Techy</u>.] <def>A spot or stain; also, a trick.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tath</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Ta</u>, to take.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tath</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E.; of Scand. origin; cf.
Icel. <i>ta&?;</i> dung, <i>ta&?;a</i> the grass of a manured pasture,
<i>te&?;ja</i> to manure. &radic;58.  Cf. <u>Ted</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Dung, or droppings of cattle.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The luxuriant grass growing about the droppings
of cattle in a pasture.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Tath</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To manure (land) by
pasturing cattle on it, or causing them to lie upon it.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Ta*tou"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tatouay</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The giant armadillo (<i>Priodontes gigas</i>) of
tropical South America. It becomes nearly five feet long including the
tail. It is noted for its burrowing powers, feeds largely upon dead
animals, and sometimes invades human graves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tat"ou*ay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Brazilian origin; cf.
Pg. <i>tatu</i>, F. <i>tatou</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An armadillo
(<i>Xenurus unicinctus</i>), native of the tropical parts of South America.
It has about thirteen movable bands composed of small, nearly square,
scales. The head is long; the tail is round and tapered, and nearly
destitute of scales; the claws of the fore feet are very large. Called also
<i>tatouary</i>, and <i>broad-banded armadillo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tat"ou*hou</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tatouay</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The peba.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tatt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To make (anything)
by tatting; to work at tatting; as, <i>tatted</i> edging.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1477 !></p>

<p><hw>||Tat"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>&?;a&?;&?;&imacr;</i>, <i>t&amacr;t&imacr;</i>.] <def>A bamboo frame or
trellis hung at a door or window of a house, over which water is suffered
to trickle, in order to moisten and cool the air as it enters.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><hw>Tat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
tatting.</def>  <i>Caulfield &amp; S. (Doct. of Needlework).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>t&ouml;tur</i>,
<i>t&ouml;ttur</i>, pl. <i>t&ouml;trar</i>, <i>&?;&ouml;ttrar</i>; cf.
Norw. <i>totra</i>, pl. <i>totror</i>, LG. <i>taltern</i> tatters.
&radic;240.] <def>A rag, or a part torn and hanging; -- chiefly used in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tear a passion to <i>tatters</i>, to very rags.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tattered</u> (?).] <def>To rend or tear into rags; -- used chiefly in
the past participle as an adjective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where waved the <i>tattered</i> ensigns of
Ragfair.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tat`ter*de*mal"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tatter</i> +
OF. <i>desmaillier</i> to break the meshes of, to tear: cf. OF.
<i>maillon</i> long clothes, swadding clothes, F. <i>maillot.</i> See
<u>Tatter</u>, and <u>Mail</u> armor.] <def>A ragged fellow; a
ragamuffin.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tat"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of lace made
from common sewing thread, with a peculiar stitch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tatting shuttle</b></col>, <cd>the shuttle on which the thread
used in tatting is wound.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tat"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tattled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tattling</u> (?).] [Akin to OE. <i>tateren</i>, LG. <i>tateln</i>, D.
<i>tateren</i> to stammer, and perhaps to E. <i>titter</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prate; to talk idly; to use many words with
little meaning; to chat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tattling</i> quality of age, which is always
narrative.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tell tales; to communicate secrets; to be a
talebearer; as, a <i>tattling</i> girl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tat"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Idle talk or chat; trifling
talk; prate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] told the <i>tattle</i> of the day.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tat"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who tattles; an idle talker; one who tells tales.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of large, long-legged sandpipers belonging to the genus
<i>Totanus</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common American species are the greater tattler, or telltale
(<i>T. melanoleucus</i>), the smaller tattler, or lesser yellowlegs (<i>T.
flavipes</i>), the solitary tattler (<i>T. solitarius</i>), and the
semipalmated tattler, or willet. The first two are called also
<i>telltale</i>, <i>telltale spine</i>, <i>telltale tattler</i>,
<i>yellowlegs</i>, <i>yellowshanks</i>, and <i>yelper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tat"tler*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Idle talk or chat;
tittle-tattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tat"tling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to idle talk;
apt to tell tales.</def> -- <wf>Tat"tling*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tat*too"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Earlier <i>taptoo</i>, D.
<i>taptoe</i>; <i>tap</i> a tap, faucet + <i>toe</i> to, shut (<i>i.
e.</i>, the taps, or drinking houses, shut from the soldiers).]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A beat of drum, or sound of a trumpet or bugle, at
night, giving notice to soldiers to retreat, or to repair to their quarters
in garrison, or to their tents in camp.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Devil's tattoo</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Devil</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tat*too"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tattooed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tattooing</u>.] [Of Polynesian origin; cf. New Zealand <i>ta</i> to
tattoo, <i>tatu</i> puncturation (in Otaheite).] <def>To color, as the
flesh, by pricking in coloring matter, so as to form marks or figures which
can not be washed out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tat*too"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tattoos</b></plw> (&?;). <def>An indelible mark or figure made by
puncturing the skin and introducing some pigment into the punctures; -- a
mode of ornamentation practiced by various barbarous races, both in ancient
and modern times, and also by some among civilized nations, especially by
sailors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*tu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Tatou</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*tu"si*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any armadillo of the family <i>Tatusiid&aelig;</i>, of which the peba
and mule armadillo are examples. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>tay^</grk> the letter
&tau; (English <u>T</u>).] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common American
toadfish; -- so called from a marking resembling the Greek letter
<i>tau</i> (&tau;).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tau cross</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Illust.</i> 6, of
<u>Cross</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Taught</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Taut</u>.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taught</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Teach</u>.</def> [AS. imp. <i>t&aemacr;hte</i>, p. p.
<i>get&aemacr;ht</i>.] See <u>Teach</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Taunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>tant</i> so great,
F. <i>tant</i> so much, L. <i>tantus</i> of such size, so great, so much.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Very high or tall; as, a ship with <i>taunt</i>
masts.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Taunted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Taunting</u>.] [Earlier, to tease; probably fr. OF. <i>tanter</i> to
tempt, to try, for <i>tenter</i>. See <u>Tempt</u>.] <def>To reproach with
severe or insulting words; to revile; to upbraid; to jeer at; to
flout.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When I had at my pleasure <i>taunted</i> her.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To deride; ridicule; mock; jeer; flout; revile. See
<u>Deride</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Taunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Upbraiding language; bitter or
sarcastic reproach; insulting invective.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With scoffs, and scorns, and contemelious
<i>taunts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With sacrilegious <i>taunt</i> and impious
jest.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taunt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
taunts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taunt"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Taunt</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every kind of insolent and <i>taunting</i>
reflection.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taunt"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a taunting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taunt"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
taunts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Taurus</i>.] <def>The
constellation Taurus.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tau`ri*cor"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tauricornis</i>; <i>taurus</i> a bull + <i>cornu</i> a horn.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having horns like those of a bull.</def>  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tau`ri*dor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Toreador</u>.]
<def>A bullfighter; a toreador.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tau"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tauriformis</i>;
<i>taurus</i> a bull + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>tauriforme</i>.] <def>Having
the form of a bull.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>taurinus</i>, fr.
<i>taurus</i> a bull. See <u>Taurus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the genus Taurus, or cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named because it was
discovered in the bile of the ox. See <u>Taurus</u>.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A body occurring in small quantity in the juices of muscle,
in the lungs, and elsewhere, but especially in the bile, where it is found
as a component part of taurocholic acid, from which it can be prepared by
decomposition of the acid. It crystallizes in colorless, regular six-sided
prisms, and is especially characterized by containing both nitrogen and
sulphur, being chemically amido-isethionic acid,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NSO<sub>3</sub>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau`ro*cho"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of taurocholic acid; as, sodium <i>taurocholate</i>,
which occurs in human bile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau`ro*chol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Taur</i>ine +
<i>cholic</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
a conjugate acid (called <i>taurocholic acid</i>) composed of taurine and
cholic acid, present abundantly in human bile and in that of carnivora. It
is exceedingly deliquescent, and hence appears generally as a thick, gummy
mass, easily soluble in water and alcohol. It has a bitter taste.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tau"ro*col</hw> (?), <hw>Tau`ro*col"la</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>taurocolla</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>tayro`kolla</grk>; <grk>tay^ros</grk> a bull + <grk>ko`lla</grk> glue:
cf. F. <i>taurocolle</i>.] <def>Glue made from a bull's hide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau`ro*ma"chi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Tauromachy</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to bullfights.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bullfighter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau*rom"a*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>tayromachi`a</grk>; <grk>tay^ros</grk> bull + <grk>ma`chh</grk>
fight.] <def>Bullfighting.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tau"rus</hw> (t&add;"r&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., akin
to Gr. <grk>tay^ros</grk>, and E. <i>steer</i>. See <u>Steer</u> a young
ox.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The Bull;
the second in order of the twelve signs of the zodiac, which the sun enters
about the 20th of April; -- marked thus [&taurus;] in almanacs.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A zodiacal constellation, containing the well-
known clusters called the Pleiades and the Hyades, in the latter of which
is situated the remarkably bright Aldebaran.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of ruminants
comprising the common domestic cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau*ryl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>taurus</i> a bull +
E. phen<i>ylic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an
acid found of a urine of neat cattle, and probably identical with
<i>cresol</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taut</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dan. <i>t&aelig;t</i>; akin to
E. <i>tight</i>. See <u>Tight</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Tight; stretched; not slack; -- said esp. of a rope that is tightly
strained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Snug; close; firm; secure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Taut hand</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a sailor's term for an
officer who is severe in discipline.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tau`te*gor"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, for &?;
&?; the same + &?; to speak.  Cf. <u>Allegory</u>.] <def>Expressing the
same thing with different words; -- opposed to <i>allegorical</i>.</def>
[R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tau"to*chrone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, for &?; &?;
the same + &?; time: cf. F. <i>tautochrone</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A
curved line, such that a heavy body, descending along it by the action of
gravity, will always arrive at the lowest point in the same time, wherever
in the curve it may begin to fall; as, an inverted cycloid with its base
horizontal is a <i>tautochrone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau*toch"ro*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Occupying the same time; pertaining to, or having the properties of, a
tautochrone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau*tog"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The pl. of <i>taut</i>, the
American Indian name, translated by Roger Williams <i>sheep's heads</i>,
and written by him <i>tauta&uacute;og</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
edible labroid fish (<i>Haitula onitis</i>, or <i>Tautoga onitis</i>) of
the Atlantic coast of the United States. When adult it is nearly black,
more or less irregularly barred, with greenish gray. Called also
<i>blackfish</i>, <i>oyster fish</i>, <i>salt-water chub</i>, and
<i>moll</i>.</def> [Written also <i>tautaug</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tau`to*log"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tautological.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau`to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tautologique</i>.] <def>Involving tautology; having the same
signification; as, <i>tautological</i> expression.</def> --
<wf>Tau`to*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Tautological echo</b></col>, <cd>an echo that repeats the same
sound or syllable many times.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tau*tol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses
tautological words or phrases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau*tol"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tautologized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tautologizing</u> (?).] <def>To repeat the same thing in different
words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau*tol"o*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;, for &?;
&?; the same + &?; to speak.] <def>Repeating the same thing in different
words; tautological.</def> [R.]  <i>Tooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tau*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tautologia</i>,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>tautologie</i>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A repetition of the
same meaning in different words; needless repetition of an idea in
different words or phrases; a representation of anything as the cause,
condition, or consequence of itself, as in the following lines: --<BR>
<BR>
<blockquote>The dawn is overcast, the morning lowers,<BR>
And heavily in clouds brings on the day.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Repetition.  -- <u>Tautology</u>, <u>Repetition</u>.
There may be frequent <i>repetitions</i> (as in legal instruments) which
are warranted either by necessity or convenience; but <i>tautology</i> is
always a fault, being a sameness of expression which adds nothing to the
sense or the sound.</p>

<p><hw>Tau`to*mer"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Relating to, or characterized by, tautomerism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau*tom"er*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;, for &?;
&?; the same + &?; part.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The condition, quality, or
relation of metameric substances, or their respective derivatives, which
are more or less interchangeable, according as one form or the other is the
more stable. It is a special case of metamerism; thus, the lactam and the
lactim compounds exhibit <i>tautomerism</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tau`to*ou"si*an</hw> (?), <hw>Tau`to*ou"si*ous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;, for &?; &?; the same + &?; being,
essence.] <def>Having the same essence; being identically of the same
nature.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tau`to*phon"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to,
or characterized by, tautophony; repeating the same sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau*toph"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;, for &?;
&?; the same + &?; voice.] <def>Repetition of the same sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau`to*zon"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;, for &?;
&?; the same + E. <i>zonal</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Belonging to the
same zone; as, <i>tautozonal</i> planes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tav"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>taverne</i>, F.
<i>taverne</i>, from L. <i>taberna</i> a hut, booth, tavern.  Cf.
<u>Table</u>, <u>Tabernacle</u>.] <def>A public house where travelers and
other transient guests are accomodated with rooms and meals; an inn; a
hotel; especially, in modern times, a public house licensed to sell liquor
in small quantities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tav"ern*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tavernier</i>, L.
<i>tabernarius</i>.] <def>One who keeps a tavern.</def>  <i>Chaucer.
Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tav"ern*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feasting at
taverns.</def> [Obs.] "The misrule of our <i>tavernings</i>."  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tav"ern*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tavernmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The keeper of a tavern; also, a
tippler.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Taw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taw</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tew</u> to tow,
<u>Tow</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To push; to tug; to tow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tawed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tawing</u>.] [OE. <i>tawen</i>, <i>tewen</i>, AS. <i>t&amacr;wian</i> to
prepare; cf. D. <i>touwen</i>, Goth. <i>t&emacr;wa</i> order, <i>taujan</i>
to do, and E. <i>tool</i>. &radic;64.  Cf. 1st <u>Tew</u>, <u>Tow</u> the
coarse part of flax.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prepare or dress, as hemp,
by beating; to tew; hence, to beat; to scourge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dress and prepare, as the skins of sheep,
lambs, goats, and kids, for gloves, and the like, by imbuing them with
alum, salt, and other agents, for softening and bleaching them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>t&amacr;w</i>
instrument.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large marble to be played with;
also, a game at marbles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A line or mark from which the players begin a
game of marbles.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Taw"dri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tawdry
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taw"dri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being tawdry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A clumsy person makes his ungracefulness more ungraceful by
<i>tawdriness</i> of dress.</blockquote> <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taw"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Tawdrier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Tawdriest</u>.] [Said to
be corrupted from <i>Saint Audrey</i>, or <i>Auldrey</i>, meaning <i>Saint
Ethelreda</i>, implying therefore, originally, bought at the fair of St.
Audrey, where laces and gay toys of all sorts were sold. This fair was held
in Isle Ely, and probably at other places, on the day of the saint, which
was the 17th of October.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bought at the festival of
St. Audrey.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And gird in your waist,<BR>
For more fineness, with a <i>tawdry</i> lace.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very fine and showy in colors, without taste or
elegance; having an excess of showy ornaments without grace; cheap and
gaudy; as, a <i>tawdry</i> dress; <i>tawdry</i> feathers; <i>tawdry</i>
colors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He rails from morning to night at essenced fops and
<i>tawdry</i> courtiers.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taw"dry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tawdries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A necklace of a rural fashion,
bought at St. Audrey's fair; hence, a necklace in general.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of which the Naiads and the blue Nereids make<BR>
Them <i>tawdries</i> for their necks.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taw"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who taws; a dresser
of white leather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taw"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where skins are
tawed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taw"ni*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being tawny.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taw"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Tawnier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Tawniest</u>.] [F.
<i>tann&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>tanner</i> to tan. See <u>Tan</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  Cf. <u>Tenn&eacute;</u>.]
<def>Of a dull yellowish brown color, like things tanned, or persons who
are sunburnt; as, <i>tawny</i> Moor or Spaniard; the <i>tawny</i>
lion.</def> "A leopard's <i>tawny</i> and spotted hide."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Taws</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Taw</u> to beat.] <def>A
leather lash, or other instrument of punishment, used by a
schoolmaster.</def> [Written also <i>tawes</i>, <i>tawis</i>, and
<i>tawse</i>.] [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Never use the <i>taws</i> when a gloom can do the
turn.</blockquote> <i>Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>taxe</i>, fr. <i>taxer</i>
to tax, L. <i>taxare</i> to touch, sharply, to feel, handle, to censure,
value, estimate, fr. <i>tangere</i>, <i>tactum</i>, to touch. See
<u>Tangent</u>, and cf. <u>Task</u>, <u>Taste</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A charge, especially a pecuniary burden which is imposed by
authority.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A charge or burden laid upon persons or
property for the support of a government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A farmer of <i>taxes</i> is, of all creditors, proverbially
the most rapacious.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Especially, the sum laid upon specific things,
as upon polls, lands, houses, income, etc.; as, a land <i>tax</i>; a window
<i>tax</i>; a <i>tax</i> on carriages, and the like.</def> Taxes are
<i>annual</i> or <i>perpetual</i>, <i>direct</i> or <i>indirect</i>,
etc.</p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A sum imposed or levied upon the members of a
society to defray its expenses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A task exacted from one who is under control; a
contribution or service, the rendering of which is imposed upon a
subject.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A disagreeable or burdensome duty or charge; as,
a heavy <i>tax</i> on time or health.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Charge; censure.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A lesson to be learned; a task.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tax cart</b></col>, <cd>a spring cart subject to a low tax.</cd>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Impost; tribute; contribution; duty; toll; rate;
assessment; exaction; custom; demand.</p>

<p><! p. 1478 !></p>

<p><hw>Tax</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Taxed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Taxing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>taxer</i>. See <u>Tax</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To subject to the payment of a tax or taxes; to
impose a tax upon; to lay a burden upon; especially, to exact money from
for the support of government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are more heavily <i>taxed</i> by our idleness, pride, and
folly than we are <i>taxed</i> by government.</blockquote>
<i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To assess, fix, or determine
judicially, the amount of; as, to <i>tax</i> the cost of an action in
court.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To charge; to accuse; also, to censure; -- often
followed by <i>with</i>, rarely by <i>of</i> before an indirect object; as,
to <i>tax</i> a man with pride.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>tax</i> you, you elements, with
unkindness.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men's virtues I have commended as freely as I have
<i>taxed</i> their crimes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear not now that men should <i>tax</i> thine
honor.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tax`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being taxable; taxableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being taxed; liable by law to the assessment of taxes; as,
<i>taxable</i> estate; <i>taxable</i> commodities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>That may be legally charged by a
court against the plaintiff of defendant in a suit; as, <i>taxable</i>
costs.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Tax"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Tax"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tax`as*pid"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ta`xis</grk> an arrangement + &?;, &?;, shield.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the posterior tarsal scales, or scutella, rectangular and
arranged in regular rows; -- said of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>taxation</i>, L.
<i>taxatio</i> a valuing, estimation, from L. <i>taxare</i>. See
<u>Tax</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of laying a tax, or of
imposing taxes, as on the subjects of a state, by government, or on the
members of a corporation or company, by the proper authority; the raising
of revenue; also, a system of raising revenue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of taxing, or assessing a
bill of cost.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tax; sum imposed.</def> [R.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Charge; accusation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tax"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
American badger.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tax`e*op"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
(?) + <i>-poda</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An order of extinct Mammalia
found in the Tertiary formations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who taxes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of two officers chosen yearly to regulate
the assize of bread, and to see the true gauge of weights and measures is
observed.</def> [Camb. Univ., Eng.] [Written also <i>taxor</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tax"gath`er*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who collects
taxes or revenues.</def> -- <wf>Tax"gath`er*ing</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tax"i*arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; and &?;; &?; a
division of an army, a brigade (from &?; to arrange, array) + to rule.]
<i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>An Athenian military officer commanding a certain
division of an army.</def>  <i>Milford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tax"i*corn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>taxus</i> a yew +
<i>cornu</i> a horn: cf. F. <i>taxicorne</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One
of a family of beetles (<i>Taxicornes</i>) whose antenn&aelig; are largest
at the tip. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax`i*der"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>taxidermique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the art of preparing and
preserving the skins of animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax"i*der`mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person skilled
in taxidermy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax"i*der`my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ta`xis</grk>
an arranging, arrangement (fr. <grk>ta`ssein</grk> to arrange) + &?; a
skin, from &?; to skin: cf. F. <i>taxidermie</i>. See <u>Tactics</u>,
<u>Tear</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The art of preparing,
preserving, and mounting the skins of animals so as to represent their
natural appearance, as for cabinets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>taxus</i> a yew.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A poisonous alkaloid of bitter taste extracted from the
leaves and seeds of the European yew (<i>Taxus baccata</i>). Called also
<i>taxia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>ta`xis</grk> a division or arrangement, fr. <grk>ta`ssein</grk> to
arrange.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Manipulation applied to a hernial tumor, or
to an intestinal obstruction, for the purpose of reducing it.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tax"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
taxation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ta`xis</grk>
arrangement + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Taxonomy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax`o*nom"ic</hw> (t&abreve;ks`&obreve;*n&obreve;m"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or involving, taxonomy, or the
laws and principles of classification; classificatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax*on"o*mist</hw> (t&abreve;ks*&obreve;n"&osl;*m&ibreve;st),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in taxonomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax*on"o*my</hw> (-m&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>ta`xis</grk> an arrangement, order + <grk>no`mos</grk> a law.]
<def>That division of the natural sciences which treats of the
classification of animals and plants; the laws or principles of
classification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>Same as
<u>Taxer</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax"pay`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is assessed
and pays a tax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tay"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American carnivore (<i>Galera barbara</i>)
allied to the grison. The tail is long and thick. The length, including the
tail, is about three feet.</def> [Written also <i>taira</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ta"zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
teasel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Taz"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>An ornamental cup
or vase with a large, flat, shallow bowl, resting on a pedestal and often
having handles.</def></p>

<p><hw>T" cart`</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>T</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tcha*wy"tcha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The quinnat salmon.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tea</hw> (t&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>tsh&amacr;</i>,
Prov. Chin. <i>te</i>: cf. F. <i>th&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The prepared leaves of a shrub, or small tree (<i>Thea, or Camellia,
Chinensis</i>). The shrub is a native of China, but has been introduced to
some extent into some other countries.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Teas</i> are classed as <i>green</i> or <i>black</i>,
according to their color or appearance, the kinds being distinguished also
by various other characteristic differences, as of taste, odor, and the
like. The color, flavor, and quality are dependent upon the treatment which
the leaves receive after being gathered. The leaves for green tea are
heated, or roasted slightly, in shallow pans over a wood fire, almost
immediately after being gathered, after which they are rolled with the
hands upon a table, to free them from a portion of their moisture, and to
twist them, and are then quickly dried. Those intended for black tea are
spread out in the air for some time after being gathered, and then tossed
about with the hands until they become soft and flaccid, when they are
roasted for a few minutes, and rolled, and having then been exposed to the
air for a few hours in a soft and moist state, are finally dried slowly
over a charcoal fire. The operation of roasting and rolling is sometimes
repeated several times, until the leaves have become of the proper color.
The principal sorts of green tea are Twankay, the poorest kind; Hyson skin,
the refuse of Hyson; Hyson, Imperial, and Gunpowder, fine varieties; and
Young Hyson, a choice kind made from young leaves gathered early in the
spring. Those of black tea are Bohea, the poorest kind; Congou; Oolong;
Souchong, one of the finest varieties; and Pekoe, a fine-flavored kind,
made chiefly from young spring buds. See <u>Bohea</u>, <u>Congou</u>,
<i>Gunpowder tea</i>, under <u>Gunpowder</u>, <u>Hyson</u>, <u>Oolong</u>,
and <u>Souchong</u>.  <i>K. Johnson. Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "No knowledge of . . . [tea] appears to have reached Europe till
after the establishment of intercourse between Portugal and China in 1517.
The Portuguese, however, did little towards the introduction of the herb
into Europe, and it was not till the Dutch established themselves at Bantam
early in 17th century, that these adventurers learned from the Chinese the
habit of tea drinking, and brought it to Europe."  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A decoction or infusion of tea leaves in boiling
water; as, <i>tea</i> is a common beverage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any infusion or decoction, especially when made
of the dried leaves of plants; as, sage <i>tea</i>; chamomile <i>tea</i>;
catnip <i>tea</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The evening meal, at which tea is usually
served; supper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Arabian tea</b></col>, <cd>the leaves of <i>Catha edulis</i>;
also <i>(Bot.)</i>, the plant itself. See <u>Kat</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Assam
tea</b></col>, <cd>tea grown in Assam, in India, originally brought there
from China about the year 1850.</cd> -- <col><b>Australian</b></col>, or
<col><b>Botany Bay</b></col>, <col><b>tea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
woody clambing plant (<i>Smilax glycyphylla</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Brazilian
tea</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The dried leaves of <i>Lantana
pseodothea</i>, used in Brazil as a substitute for tea.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The dried leaves of <i>Stachytarpheta
mutabilis</i>, used for adulterating tea, and also, in Austria, for
preparing a beverage.</cd> -- <col><b>Labrador tea</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Labrador</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>New Jersey tea</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American shrub, the leaves of which were formerly
used as a substitute for tea; redroot. See <u>Redroot</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>New Zealand tea</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>New
Zealand</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Oswego tea</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Oswego tea</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Paraguay tea</b></col>, <cd>mate. See
1st <u>Mate</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tea board</b></col>, <cd>a board or tray
for holding a tea set.</cd> -- <col><b>Tea bug</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an hemipterous insect which injures the tea plant
by sucking the juice of the tender leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Tea
caddy</b></col>, <cd>a small box for holding tea.</cd> -- <col><b>Tea
chest</b></col>, <cd>a small, square wooden case, usually lined with sheet
lead or tin, in which tea is imported from China.</cd> -- <col><b>Tea
clam</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small quahaug.</cd> [Local, U.
S.] -- <col><b>Tea garden</b></col>, <cd>a public garden where tea and
other refreshments are served.</cd> -- <col><b>Tea plant</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant, the leaves of which are used in making a
beverage by infusion; specifically, <i>Thea Chinensis</i>, from which the
tea of commerce is obtained.</cd> -- <col><b>Tea rose</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a delicate and graceful variety of the rose (<i>Rosa
Indica</i>, var. <i>odorata</i>), introduced from China, and so named from
its scent. Many varieties are now cultivated.</cd> -- <col><b>Tea
service</b></col>, <cd>the appurtenances or utensils required for a tea
table, -- when of silver, usually comprising only the teapot, milk pitcher,
and sugar dish.</cd> -- <col><b>Tea set</b></col>, <cd>a tea service.</cd>
-- <col><b>Tea table</b></col>, <cd>a table on which tea furniture is set,
or at which tea is drunk.</cd> -- <col><b>Tea taster</b></col>, <cd>one who
tests or ascertains the quality of tea by tasting.</cd> -- <col><b>Tea
tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the tea plant of China. See <i>Tea
plant</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Tea urn</b></col>, <cd>a vessel generally
in the form of an urn or vase, for supplying hot water for steeping, or
infusing, tea.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tea</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take or drink tea.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tea"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
checkerberry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teach</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Taught</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Teaching</u>.] [OE. <i>techen</i>, imp. <i>taughte</i>, <i>tahte</i>,
AS. <i>t&?;cean</i>, imp. <i>t&?;hte</i>, to show, teach, akin to
<i>t&amacr;cn</i> token. See <u>Token</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
impart the knowledge of; to give intelligence concerning; to impart, as
knowledge before unknown, or rules for practice; to inculcate as true or
important; to exhibit impressively; as, to <i>teach</i> arithmetic,
dancing, music, or the like; to <i>teach</i> morals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If some men <i>teach</i> wicked things, it must be that
others should practice them.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To direct, as an instructor; to manage, as a
preceptor; to guide the studies of; to instruct; to inform; to conduct
through a course of studies; as, to <i>teach</i> a child or a class.</def>
"He <i>taught</i> his disciples."  <i>Mark ix. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The village master <i>taught</i> his little
school.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To accustom; to guide; to show; to
admonish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall myself to herbs <i>teach</i> you.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They have <i>taught</i> their tongue to speak
lies.</blockquote> <i>Jer. ix. 5.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This verb is often used with two objects, one of the person, the
other of the thing; as, he <i>taught</i> me Latin grammar. In the passive
construction, either of these objects may be retained in the objective
case, while the other becomes the subject; as, I was <i>taught</i> Latin
grammar by him; Latin grammar was <i>taught</i> me by him.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To instruct; inform; inculcate; tell; guide; counsel;
admonish. See the Note under <u>Learn</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Teach</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give instruction; to
follow the business, or to perform the duties, of a preceptor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And gladly would he learn, and gladly
<i>teach</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The priests thereof <i>teach</i> for hire.</blockquote>
<i>Micah iii. 11.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teach"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
taught; apt to learn; also, willing to receive instruction;
docile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We ought to bring our minds free, unbiased, and
<i>teachable</i>, to learn our religion from the Word of God.</blockquote>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teach"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Willingness to be
taught.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teache</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Ir. <i>teaghaim</i>,
Gael. <i>teasaich</i>, to heat.] <i>(Sugar Works)</i> <def>One of the
series of boilers in which the cane juice is treated in making sugar;
especially, the last boiler of the series.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teach"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who teaches or instructs; one whose business or occupation is to instruct
others; an instructor; a tutor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who instructs others in religion; a
preacher; a minister of the gospel; sometimes, one who preaches without
regular ordination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>teachers</i> in all the churches
assembled.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teach"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or business of
instructing; also, that which is taught; instruction.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Education; instruction; breeding. See
<u>Education</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Teach"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not teachable.</def> [R.]
<i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tea"cup`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small cup from which
to drink tea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tea"cup`ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Teacupfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a teacup can hold;
enough to fill a teacup.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tead</hw>, <hw>Teade</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>taeda</i>, <i>teda</i>.] <def>A torch.</def> [Obs.] "A burning
<i>teade</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tea"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tackle</u>.] <def>A
hoisting apparatus; an elevator; a crane; a lift.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Teague</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>taeog</i>,
<i>taeawg</i>, adj., rustic, rude, n., a vassal, villain, pleasant, clown,
Ir. <i>th&?;atach</i> rural, boorish.] <def>An Irishman; -- a term used in
contempt.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malayalm <i>tekku</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree of East Indies (<i>Tectona grandis</i>) which
furnishes an extremely strong and durable timber highly valued for
shipbuilding and other purposes; also, the timber of the tree.</def>
[Written also <i>teek</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>African teak</b></col>, <cd>a tree (<i>Oldfieldia Africana</i>)
of Sierra Leone; also, its very heavy and durable wood; -- called also
<i>African oak</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>New Zeland teak</b></col>, <cd>a large
tree (<i>Vitex littoralis</i>) of New Zeland; also, its hard, durable
timber.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tea"ket`tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kettle in which
water is boiled for making tea, coffee, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tele</i>; akin to D.
<i>teling</i> a generation, production, teal, <i>telen</i> to breed,
produce, and E. <i>till</i> to cultivate. The English word probably once
meant, a brood or flock. See <u>Till</u> to cultivate.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of small fresh-water ducks of the genus
<i>Anas</i> and the subgenera <i>Querquedula</i> and <i>Nettion</i>. The
male is handsomely colored, and has a bright green or blue speculum on the
wings.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European teal (<i>Anas crecca</i>) and the European
blue-winged teal, or garganey (<i>A. querquedula</i> or <i>A. circia</i>),
are well-known species. In America the blue-winged teal (<i>A.
discors</i>), the green-winged teal (<i>A. Carolinensis</i>), and the
cinnamon teal (<i>A. cynaoptera</i>) are common species, valued as game
birds. See <u>Garganey</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Goose teal</b></col>, <cd>a goslet. See <u>Goslet</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Teal duck</b></col>, <cd>the common European teal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Team</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tem</i>, <i>team</i>,
AS. <i>te&aacute;m</i>, offspring, progeny, race of descendants, family;
akin to D. <i>toom</i> a bridle, LG. <i>toom</i> progeny, team, bridle, G.
<i>zaum</i> a bridle, <i>zeugen</i> to beget, Icel. <i>taumr</i> to rein,
bridle, Dan. <i>t&ouml;mme</i>, Sw. <i>t&ouml;m</i>, and also to E.
<i>tow</i> to drag, <i>tug</i> to draw. &radic;64. See <u>Tug</u>, and cf.
<u>Teem</u> to bear.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A group of young animals,
especially of young ducks; a brood; a litter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>team</i> of ducklings about her.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a number of animals moving
together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A long <i>team</i> of snowy swans on high.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Two or more horses, oxen, or other beasts
harnessed to the same vehicle for drawing, as to a coach, wagon, sled, or
the like.</def> "A <i>team</i> of dolphins."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To take his <i>team</i> and till the earth.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It happened almost every day that coaches stuck fast, until
a <i>team</i> of cattle could be procured from some neighboring farm to tug
them out of the slough.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A number of persons associated together in any
work; a gang; especially, a number of persons selected to contend on one
side in a match, or a series of matches, in a cricket, football, rowing,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A flock of wild
ducks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A royalty or privilege
granted by royal charter to a lord of a manor, of having, keeping, and
judging in his court, his bondmen, neifes, and villains, and their
offspring, or suit, that is, goods and chattels, and appurtenances
thereto.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1479 !></p>

<p><hw>Team</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To engage in the
occupation of driving a team of horses, cattle, or the like, as in
conveying or hauling lumber, goods, etc.; to be a teamster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Team</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convey or haul with a
team; as, to <i>team</i> lumber.</def> [R.]  <i>Thoreau.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teamed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Yoked in, or as in, a
team.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let their <i>teamed</i> fishes softly swim.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Team"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or occupation of driving a team, or of hauling or carrying, as logs,
goods, or the like, with a team.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Manuf.)</i> <def>Contract work.</def> [R.]
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Team"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who drives a
team.</def></p>

<p><hw>Team"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work done by a team,
as distinguished from that done by personal labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tea"pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel with a spout,
in which tea is made, and from which it is poured into teacups.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tea"poy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>tip&amacr;i</i>;
Hind. <i>tin</i> there + Per. <i>p&amacr;e</i> foot.] <def>An ornamental
stand, usually with three legs, having caddies for holding tea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tear</hw> (t&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>te&aacute;r</i>;
akin to G. <i>z&auml;rhe</i>, OHG. <i>zahar</i>, OFries. &amp; Icel.
<i>t&amacr;r</i>, Sw. <i>t&aring;r</i>, Dan. <i>taare</i>, Goth.
<i>tagr</i>, OIr. <i>d&emacr;r</i>, W. <i>dagr</i>, OW. <i>dacr</i>, L.
<i>lacrima</i>, <i>lacruma</i>, for older <i>dacruma</i>, Gr.
<grk>da`kry</grk>, <grk>da`kryon</grk>, <grk>da`kryma</grk>. &radic;59.
Cf. <u>Lachrymose</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A drop of
the limpid, saline fluid secreted, normally in small amount, by the
lachrymal gland, and diffused between the eye and the eyelids to moisten
the parts and facilitate their motion. Ordinarily the secretion passes
through the lachrymal duct into the nose, but when it is increased by
emotion or other causes, it overflows the lids.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And yet for thee ne wept she never a
<i>tear</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something in the form of a transparent drop of
fluid matter; also, a solid, transparent, tear-shaped drop, as of some
balsams or resins.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let Araby extol her happy coast,<BR>
Her fragrant flowers, her trees with precious <i>tears</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which causes or accompanies tears; a
lament; a dirge.</def> [R.] "Some melodous <i>tear</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Tear</i> is sometimes used in the formation of self-explaining
compounds; as, <i>tear</i>-distilling, <i>tear</i>-drop, <i>tear</i>-
filled, <i>tear</i>-stained, and the like.</p>

<p><hw>Tear</hw> (t&acirc;r), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Tore</u> (t&omacr;r), ((Obs. <u>Tare</u>)
(t&acirc;r); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Torn</u> (t&omacr;rn); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tearing</u>.] [OE. <i>teren</i>, AS.
<i>teran</i>; akin to OS. far<i>terian</i> to destroy, D. <i>teren</i> to
consume, G. <i>zerren</i> to pull, to tear, <i>zehren</i> to consume, Icel.
<i>t&aelig;ra</i>, Goth. <i>gata&iacute;ran</i> to destroy, Lith.
<i>dirti</i> to flay, Russ. <i>drate</i> to pull, to tear, Gr.
<grk>de`rein</grk> to flay, Skr. <i>dar</i> to burst. &radic;63.  Cf.
<u>Darn</u>, <u>Epidermis</u>, <u>Tarre</u>, <u>Tirade</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate by violence; to pull apart by force; to
rend; to lacerate; as, to <i>tear</i> cloth; to <i>tear</i> a garment; to
<i>tear</i> the skin or flesh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tear</i> him to pieces; he's a conspirator.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to divide by violent measures; to
disrupt; to rend; as, a party or government <i>torn</i> by
factions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rend away; to force away; to remove by force;
to sunder; as, a child <i>torn</i> from its home.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hand of fate<BR>
Hath <i>torn</i> thee from me.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pull with violence; as, to <i>tear</i> the
hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To move violently; to agitate.</def> "Once I
loved <i>torn</i> ocean's roar."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To tear a cat</b></col>, <cd>to rant violently; to rave; --
especially applied to theatrical ranting.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>To tear down</b></col>, <cd>to demolish violently; to pull or pluck
down.</cd> -- <col><b>To tear off</b></col>, <cd>to pull off by violence;
to strip.</cd> -- <col><b>To tear out</b></col>, <cd>to pull or draw out by
violence; as, <i>to tear out</i> the eyes.</cd> -- <col><b>To tear
up</b></col>, <cd>to rip up; to remove from a fixed state by violence; as,
<i>to tear up</i> a floor; <i>to tear up</i> the foundation of government
or order.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tear</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
divide or separate on being pulled; to be rent; as, this cloth <i>tears</i>
easily.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move and act with turbulent violence; to rush
with violence; hence, to rage; to rave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tear</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of tearing, or the
state of being torn; a rent; a fissure.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wear and tear</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Wear</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Tear"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tears or rends
anything; also, one who rages or raves with violence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tear"-fall`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shedding tears;
tender.</def> [Poetic] "<i>Tear-falling</i> pity."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tear"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with tears;
weeping; shedding tears; as, <i>tearful</i> eyes.</def> --
<wf>Tear"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Tear"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tear"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shedding no tears; free
from tears; unfeeling.</def> -- <wf>Tear"less*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Tear"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tear"pit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
cavity or pouch beneath the lower eyelid of most deer and antelope; the
lachrymal sinus; larmier. It is capable of being opened at pleasure and
secretes a waxy substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tear"-thumb`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name given to several species of plants of the genus Polygonum, having
angular stems beset with minute reflexed prickles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tear"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wet
with tears; tearful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of tears, or drops like
tears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tea"-sau`cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small saucer in
which a teacup is set.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tease</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Teased</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Teasing</u>.] [AS. <i>t&?;san</i> to pluck, tease; akin to OD.
<i>teesen</i>, MHG. <i>zeisen</i>, Dan. <i>t&aelig;se</i>,
<i>t&aelig;sse</i>. &radic;58.  Cf. <u>Touse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To comb or card, as wool or flax.</def> "<i>Teasing</i> matted wool."
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stratch, as cloth, for the purpose of raising
a nap; teasel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>To tear or separate into minute
shreds, as with needles or similar instruments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To vex with importunity or impertinence; to
harass, annoy, disturb, or irritate by petty requests, or by jests and
raillery; to plague.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . suffered them to <i>tease</i> him into acts
directly opposed to his strongest inclinations.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To vex; harass: annoy; disturb; irritate; plague;
torment; mortify; tantalize; chagrin.  -- <u>Tease</u>, <u>Vex</u>. To
<i>tease</i> is literally to pull or scratch, and implies a prolonged
annoyance in respect to little things, which is often more irritating, and
harder to bear, than severe pain. <i>Vex</i> meant originally to seize and
bear away hither and thither, and hence, to disturb; as, to <i>vex</i> the
ocean with storms. This sense of the term now rarely occurs; but <i>vex</i>
is still a stronger word than <i>tease</i>, denoting the disturbance or
anger created by minor provocations, losses, disappointments, etc.  We are
<i>teased</i> by the buzzing of a fly in our eyes; we are <i>vexed</i> by
the carelessness or stupidity of our servants.</p>

<p><blockquote>Not by the force of carnal reason,<BR>
But indefatigable <i>teasing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In disappointments, where the affections have been strongly
placed, and the expectations sanguine, particularly where the agency of
others is concerned, sorrow may degenerate into <i>vexation</i> and
chagrin.</blockquote> <i>Cogan.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tease tenon</b></col> <i>(Joinery)</i>, <cd>a long tenon at the
top of a post to receive two beams crossing each other one above the
other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tease</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who teases or
plagues.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tea"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tesel</i>, AS.
<i>t&?;sel</i>, <i>t&?;sl</i>, the fuller's herb. See <u>Tease</u>.]
[Written also <i>tassel</i>, <i>tazel</i>, <i>teasle</i>, <i>teazel</i>,
and <i>teazle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of the
genus <i>Dipsacus</i>, of which one species (<i>D. fullonum</i>) bears a
large flower head covered with stiff, prickly, hooked bracts. This flower
head, when dried, is used for raising a nap on woolen cloth.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Small teasel is <i>Dipsacus pilosus</i>, wild teasel is <i>D.
sylvestris</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bur of this plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any contrivance intended as a substitute for
teasels in dressing cloth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Teasel frame</b></col>, <cd>a frame or set of iron bars in which
teasel heads are fixed for raising the nap on woolen cloth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tea"sel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Teaseled</u> (?) or <u>Teaselled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Teaseling</u> or <u>Teaselling</u>.] <def>To subject, as
woolen cloth, to the action of teasels, or any substitute for them which
has an effect to raise a nap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tea"sel*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses teasels
for raising a nap on cloth.</def> [Written also <i>teaseller</i>,
<i>teasler</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tea"sel*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The cutting and
gathering of teasels; the use of teasels.</def> [Written also
<i>teaselling</i>, <i>teazling</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Teas"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who teases or vexes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A jager gull.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tea"sle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Teasel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tea"spoon`</hw> (t&emacr;"sp&oomac;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
small spoon used in stirring and sipping tea, coffee, etc., and for other
purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tea"spoon`ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Teaspoonfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as teaspoon will hold;
enough to fill a teaspoon; -- usually reckoned at a fluid dram or one
quarter of a tablespoonful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tete</i>, <i>titte</i>,
AS. <i>tit</i>, <i>titt</i>; akin to LG. &amp; OD. <i>titte</i>, D. <i>tet</i>,
G. <i>zitze</i>: cf. F. <i>tette</i>, probably of Teutonic origin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The protuberance through which milk is drawn from
the udder or breast of a mammal; a nipple; a pap; a mammilla; a dug; a
tit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A small protuberance or nozzle
resembling the teat of an animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teat"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having protuberances
resembling the teat of an animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teathe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tath</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Teat"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Peevish; tettish;
fretful; -- said of a child. See <u>Tettish</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teaze"-hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. F.
<i>tisard</i> fire door.] <i>(Glass Works)</i> <def>The opening in the
furnaces through which fuel is introduced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tea"zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Teasel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tea"zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. F.
<i>tiser</i> to feed a fire.] <def>The stoker or fireman of a furnace, as
in glass works.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tea"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Teasel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te"beth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.] <def>The tenth month
of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, answering to a part of December with a
part of January.</def>  <i>Esther ii. 16.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tech"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a techy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being techy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Technical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech"nic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Technical</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The method of performance in
any art; technical skill; artistic execution; technique.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They illustrate the method of nature, not the <i>technic</i>
of a manlike Artificer.</blockquote> <i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Technical terms or objects; things
pertaining to the practice of an art or science.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech"nic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; an art,
probably from the same root as &?;, &?;, to bring forth, produce, and
perhaps akin to E. <i>text</i>: cf. F. <i>technique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the useful or mechanic arts, or to any science, business, or
the like; specially appropriate to any art, science, or business; as, the
words of an indictment must be <i>technical</i>.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tech`ni*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Technicalities</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality
or state of being technical; technicalness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is technical, or peculiar to any
trade, profession, sect, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>technicalities</i> of the sect.</blockquote>
<i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tech"nic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a technical
manner; according to the signification of terms as used in any art,
business, or profession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech"nic*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being technical; technicality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech"nic*als</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Those things
which pertain to the practical part of an art, science, or profession;
technical terms; technics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech"ni*cist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in
technics or in one or more of the practical arts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech`ni*co*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Technological; technical.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. J. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tech`ni*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Technology.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tech"nics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine of arts
in general; such branches of learning as respect the arts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech`nique"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Same as
<u>Technic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Tech"nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Technicality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech`no*log"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Technological.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech`no*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>technologique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to technology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech*nol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in
technology; one who treats of arts, or of the terms of arts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; an art + <i>-
logy</i>; cf. Gr. &?; systematic treatment: cf. F. <i>technologie</i>.]
<def>Industrial science; the science of systematic knowledge of the
industrial arts, especially of the more important manufactures, as
spinning, weaving, metallurgy, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Technology</i> is not an independent science, having a set of
doctrines of its own, but consists of applications of the principles
established in the various physical sciences (chemistry, mechanics,
mineralogy, etc.) to manufacturing processes.  <i>Internat. Cyc.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Tech"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From OE. <i>tecche</i>,
<i>tache</i>, a habit, bad habit, vice, OF. <i>tache</i>, <i>teche</i>, a
spot, stain, blemish, habit, vice, F. <i>tache</i> a spot, blemish;
probably akin to E. <i>tack</i> a small nail. See <u>Tack</u> a small nail,
and cf. <u>Touchy</u>.] <def>Peevish; fretful; irritable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tec`ti*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Tectibranchiata. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tec`ti*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>Same as <u>Tectibranchiata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tec`ti*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>tectus</i> (p. p. of <i>tegere</i> to cover) + Gr. &?; a gill.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order, or suborder, of gastropod Mollusca in
which the gills are usually situated on one side of the back, and protected
by a fold of the mantle.  When there is a shell, it is usually thin and
delicate and often rudimentary. The aplysias and the bubble shells are
examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tec`ti*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tectus</i>
(p. p. of <i>tegere</i> to cover) + E. <i>branchiate</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the gills covered by the mantle; of or
pertaining to the Tectibranchiata.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
tectibranchiate mollusk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tect"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L. <i>tectus</i> covered,
fr. <i>tegere</i> to cover.] <def>Covertly; privately; secretly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tec*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a carpenter +
<i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A division of morphology created by
Haeckel; the science of organic individuality constituting the purely
structural portion of morphology, in which the organism is regarded as
composed of organic individuals of different orders, each organ being
considered an individual. See <u>Promorphology</u>, and
<u>Morphon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tec*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tectonicus</i>, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?;, &?;, a carpenter, builder.] <def>Of or pertaining to building
or construction; architectural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tec*ton"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science, or the
art, by which implements, vessels, dwellings, or other edifices, are
constructed, both agreeably to the end for which they are designed, and in
conformity with artistic sentiments and ideas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tec*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tectorius</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to covering; -- applied to a membrane
immediately over the organ of Corti in the internal ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tec"tri*ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>tegere</i>, <i>tectum</i>, to cover.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wing
coverts of a bird. See <u>Covert</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Bird</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te"cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Tucum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tedded</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tedding</u>.] [Prob. fr. Icel. <i>te&?;ja</i> to spread manure, fr.
<i>ta&?;</i> manure; akin to MHG. <i>zetten</i> to scatter, spread.
&radic;58.  Cf. <u>Teathe</u>.] <def>To spread, or turn from the swath, and
scatter for drying, as new-mowed grass; -- chiefly used in the past
participle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The smell of grain or <i>tedded</i> grass.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tedded</i> hay and corn sheaved in one
field.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ted"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A machine for stirring
and spreading hay, to expedite its drying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ted"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &radic;64. See
<u>Tether</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Tether</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ted"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Teddered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Teddering</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Tether</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Te` De"um</hw> (?). [L., from <i>te</i> (accus. of <i>tu</i> thou)
+ <i>Deum</i>, accus. of <i>Deus</i> God. See <u>Thou</u>, and
<u>Deity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ancient and celebrated Christian
hymn, of uncertain authorship, but often ascribed to St. Ambrose; -- so
called from the first words "<i>Te Deum laudamus</i>." It forms part of the
daily matins of the Roman Catholic breviary, and is sung on all occasions
of thanksgiving. In its English form, commencing with words, "We praise
thee, O God," it forms a part of the regular morning service of the Church
of England and the Protestant Episcopal Church in America.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A religious service in which the singing of the
hymn forms a principal part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tedge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>The gate
of a mold, through which the melted metal is poured; runner,
geat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te`di*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tediousness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Te"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>taediosus</i>, fr.
<i>taedium</i>. See <u>Tedium</u>.] <def>Involving tedium; tiresome from
continuance, prolixity, slowness, or the like; wearisome.</def> --
<wf>Te"di*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Te"di*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>I see a man's life is a <i>tedious</i> one.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I would not be <i>tedious</i> to the court.</blockquote>
<i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Wearisome; fatiguing. See <u>Irksome</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1480 !></p>

<p><hw>Te"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>taedium</i>, fr.
<i>taedet</i> it disgusts, it wearies one.] <def>Irksomeness;
wearisomeness; tediousness.</def> [Written also <i>t&aelig;dium</i>.]
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To relieve the <i>tedium</i>, he kept plying them with all
manner of bams.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tedium</i> of his office reminded him more strongly
of the willing scholar, and his thoughts were rambling.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>tj&amacr;</i> to
show, mark.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The mark aimed at in curling and in
quoits.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The nodule of earth  from which the
ball is struck in golf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tee</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A short piece of pipe having a
lateral outlet, used to connect a line of pipe with a pipe at a right angle
with the line; -- so called because it resembles the letter <u>T</u> in
shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tee" i`ron</hw> (?). <def>See <i>T iron</i>, under
<u>T</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teek</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Teak</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Teel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sesame.</def> [Sometimes
written <i>til</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Teel oil</b></col>, <cd>sesame oil.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Teel"seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The seed of
sesame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teem</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>t&aelig;ma</i> to
empty, from <i>t&omacr;mr</i> empty; akin to Dan. <i>t&ouml;mme</i> to
empty, Sw. <i>t&ouml;mma</i>. See <u>Toom</u> to empty.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pour; -- commonly followed by <i>out</i>; as, to <i>teem</i> out
ale.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Steel Manuf.)</i> <def>To pour, as steel, from a
melting pot; to fill, as a mold, with molten metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Tame</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Beteem</u>.] <def>To think fit.</def>
[Obs. or R.]  <i>G. Gifford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teem</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Teemed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Teeming</u>.] [OE.
<i>temen</i>, AS. <i>t&emacr;man</i>, <i>t&?;man</i>, from
<i>te&aacute;m</i>. See <u>Team</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring
forth young, as an animal; to produce fruit, as a plant; to bear; to be
pregnant; to conceive; to multiply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If she must <i>teem</i>,<BR>
Create her child of spleen.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be full, or ready to bring forth; to be
stocked to overflowing; to be prolific; to abound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His mind <i>teeming</i> with schemes of future deceit to
cover former villainy.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The young, brimful of the hopes and feeling which
<i>teem</i> in our time.</blockquote> <i>F. Harrison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To produce; to bring
forth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That [grief] of an hour's age doth hiss the speaker;<BR>
Each minute <i>teems</i> a new one.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teem"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who teems, or brings
forth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teem"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pregnant; prolific.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Brimful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teem"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prolific;
productive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Teeming</i> buds and cheerful appear.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teem"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not fruitful or prolific;
barren; as, a <i>teemless</i> earth.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tene</i>, AS.
<i>te&oacute;na</i> reproach, wrong, fr. <i>te&oacute;n</i> to accuse; akin
to G. <i>zeihen</i>, Goth. ga<i>teihan</i> to tell, announce, L.
<i>dicere</i> to say. See <u>Token</u>.] <def>Grief; sorrow; affiction;
pain.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With public toil and private <i>teen</i><BR>
Thou sank'st alone.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>te&oacute;nian</i>,
<i>t&?;nan</i>, to slander, vex. &radic;64. See <u>Teen</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To excite; to provoke; to vex; to affict; to
injure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teen</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Tine</u> to shut.]
<def>To hedge or fence in; to inclose.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teen"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The longer wood for
making or mending fences.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See <u>Tinder</u>.]
<def>To kindle; to burn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teen"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of teen; harmful;
grievous; grieving; afflicted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teens</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See <u>Ten</u>.] <def>The
years of one's age having the termination <i>-teen</i>, beginning with
thirteen and ending with nineteen; as, a girl in her
<i>teens</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tee"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very small; tiny.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Teen"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Teen</u> grief.]
<def>Fretful; peevish; pettish; cross.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tee*ong"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
mino bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tinsmith's stake, or
small anvil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tee"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
pipit.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tee"tee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>tit&iacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of
small, soft-furred South American monkeys belonging to <i>Callithrix</i>,
<i>Chrysothrix</i>, and allied genera; as, the collared <i>teetee</i>
(<i>Callithrix torquatus</i>), and the squirrel <i>teetee</i>
(<i>Chrysothrix sciurea</i>). Called also <i>pinche</i>, <i>titi</i>, and
<i>saimiri</i>. See <i>Squirrel monkey</i>, under
<u>Squirrel</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A diving petrel of Australia
(<i>Halodroma wrinatrix</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Tee"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Teetered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Teetering</u>.] [Prov. E. <i>titter</i> to tremble, to seesaw; cf. Icel.
<i>titra</i> to tremble, OHG. <i>zittar&omacr;n</i>, G. <i>zittern</i>.]
<def>To move up and down on the ends of a balanced plank, or the like, as
children do for sport; to seesaw; to titter; to titter-totter.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[The bobolink] alit upon the flower, and <i>teetered</i> up
and down.</blockquote> <i>H. W. Beecher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tee"ter-tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The spotted sandpiper. See the Note under <u>Sandpiper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teeth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of
<u>Tooth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teeth</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Teethed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Teething</u>.] <def>To breed, or grow, teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teeth"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of the
first growth of teeth, or the phenomena attending their issue through the
gums; dentition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tee*to"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Entire; total.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tee*to"tal*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One pledged to
entire abstinence from all intoxicating drinks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tee*to"tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The principle or
practice of entire abstinence, esp. from intoxicating drinks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tee*to"tal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Entirely;
totally.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tee*to"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For T-<i>totum</i>. It
was used for playing games of chance, and was four-sided, one side having
the letter <u>T</u> on it, standing for Latin <i>totum</i> all, meaning,
take all that is staked, whence the name. The other three sides each had a
letter indicating an English or Latin word; as <u>P</u> meaning put down,
<u>N</u> nothing or L. <i>nil</i>, <u>H</u> half. See <u>Total</u>.] <def>A
child's toy, somewhat resembling a top, and twirled by the
fingers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The staggerings of the gentleman . . . were like those of a
<i>teetotum</i> nearly spent.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tee"tuck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rock pipit.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tee"uck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lapwing.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tee"wit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
pewit.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Teg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sheep in its second year;
also, a doe in its second year.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Teg"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tegmina</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. <i>tegere</i>, <i>tectum</i>, to
cover.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tegument or covering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The inner layer of the coating of
a seed, usually thin and delicate; the endopleura.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the elytra of an
insect, especially of certain Orthoptera.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Tectrices</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teg*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a tegument or tegmentum; as, the <i>tegmental</i> layer of
the epiblast; the <i>tegmental</i> cells of the taste buds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Teg*men"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tegmenta</b></plw> (#). [L., a covering.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
covering; -- applied especially to the bundles of longitudinal fibers in
the upper part of the crura of the cerebrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*guex"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large South American lizard (<i>Tejus teguexin</i>). It becomes three or
four feet long, and is blackish above, marked with yellowish spots of
various sizes. It feeds upon fruits, insects, reptiles, young birds, and
birds' eggs. The closely allied species <i>Tejus rufescens</i> is called
<i>red teguexin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Teg"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tegul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a tile, dim. fr. <i>tegere</i> to
cover.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small appendage situated above the base
of the wings of Hymenoptera and attached to the mesonotum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teg"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>tegularis</i>, from
L. <i>tegula</i> a tile. See <u>Tile</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a tile;
resembling a tile, or arranged like tiles; consisting of tiles; as, a
<i>tegular</i> pavement.</def> -- <wf>Teg"u*lar*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Teg`u*la"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed of small
plates, as of horn or metal, overlapping like tiles; -- said of a kind of
ancient armor.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teg"u*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tegumentum</i>,
from <i>tegere</i> to cover. See <u>Thatch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Detect</u>, <u>Protect</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cover or
covering; an integument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the covering of a living body, or of
some part or organ of such a body; skin; hide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teg`u*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>t&eacute;gumentaire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a tegument or
teguments; consisting of teguments; serving as a tegument or
covering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te-hee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; interj.</i></pos> <def>A tittering
laugh; a titter.</def> "'<i>Te-hee</i>,' quoth she."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te-hee"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To titter; to laugh
derisively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She cried, "Come, come; you must not look grave upon me."
Upon this, I <i>te-heed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Madame D'Arblay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>teil</i>, <i>til</i>, L.
<i>tilia</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The lime tree, or linden; -- called also
<i>teil tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teind</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>t&imacr;und</i>.
See <u>Tithe</u>.] <def>A tithe.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Teyne</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tein"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>Land granted by the crown to a thane or lord.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tei"no*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to extend +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument formed by combining
prisms so as to correct the chromatic aberration of the light while linear
dimensions of objects seen through the prisms are increased or diminished;
-- called also <i>prism telescope</i>.</def>  <i>Sir D. Brewster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>teint</i>,
<i>teinte</i>. See <u>Tint</u>.] <def>Tint; color; tinge, See
<u>Tint</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Time shall . . . embrown the <i>teint</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tein"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Tincture</u>.]
<def>Color; tinge; tincture.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tek</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
Siberian ibex.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tel`a*mo"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., pl. of
<i>telamo</i> or <i>telamon</i>, Gr. &?; a bearer, fr. &?; to bear.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Atlantes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tel*an`gi*ec"ta*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; end + &?; vessel + &?; extension.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Dilatation of the
capillary vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel*an`gi*ec"ta*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Telangiectasis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te"lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a weblike
manner.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Telarly</i> interwoven."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te"la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>telaris</i>, fr. L.
<i>tela</i> a web. See <u>Toil</u> a snare.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
web; hence, spinning webs; retiary.</def> "Pictures of <i>telary</i>
spiders."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*du</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
East Indian carnivore (<i>Mydaus meliceps</i>) allied to the badger, and
noted for the very offensive odor that it emits, somewhat resembling that
of a skunk. It is a native of the high mountains of Java and Sumatra, and
has long, silky fur. Called also <i>stinking badger</i>, and
<i>stinkard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; far + <i>-
gram</i>.] <def>A message sent by telegraph; a telegraphic
dispatch.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "A friend desires us to give notice that he will ask leave, at
some convenient time, to introduce a new word into the vocabulary. It is
<i>telegram</i>, instead of <i>telegraphic dispatch</i>, or <i>telegraphic
communication</i>."  <i>Albany [N. Y.] Evening Journal (April 6, 1852).</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*gram*mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, a telegram; laconic; concise; brief.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; far, far off
(cf. Lith. <i>toli</i>) + <i>-graph</i>: cf. F.
<i>t&eacute;l&eacute;graphe</i>. See <u>Graphic</u>.] <def>An apparatus, or
a process, for communicating intelligence rapidly between distant points,
especially by means of preconcerted visible or audible signals representing
words or ideas, or by means of words and signs, transmitted by electrical
action.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The instruments used are classed as <i>indicator</i>, <i>type-
printing</i>, <i>symbol-printing</i>, or <i>chemical-printing
telegraphs</i>, according as the intelligence is given by the movements of
a pointer or indicator, as in Cooke &amp; Wheatstone's (the form commonly used
in England), or by impressing, on a fillet of paper, letters from types, as
in House's and Hughe's, or dots and marks from a sharp point moved by a
magnet, as in Morse's, or symbols produced by electro-chemical action, as
in Bain's. In the offices in the United States the recording instrument is
now little used, the receiving operator reading by ear the combinations of
long and short intervals of sound produced by the armature of an electro-
magnet as it is put in motion by the opening and breaking of the circuit,
which motion, in registering instruments, traces upon a ribbon of paper the
lines and dots used to represent the letters of the alphabet. See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</p>

<p><col><b>Acoustic telegraph</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Acoustic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dial telegraph</b></col>, <cd>a telegraph
in which letters of the alphabet and numbers or other symbols are placed
upon the border of a circular dial plate at each station, the apparatus
being so arranged that the needle or index of the dial at the receiving
station accurately copies the movements of that at the sending
station.</cd> -- <col><b>Electric telegraph</b></col>, or <col><b>Electro-
magnetic telegraph</b></col>, <cd>a telegraph in which an operator at one
station causes words or signs to be made at another by means of a current
of electricity, generated by a battery and transmitted over an intervening
wire.</cd> -- <col><b>Facsimile telegraph</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Facsimile</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Indicator telegraph</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Indicator</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pan-telegraph</b></col>, <cd>an
electric telegraph by means of which a drawing or writing, as an
autographic message, may be exactly reproduced at a distant station.</cd> -
- <col><b>Printing telegraph</b></col>, <cd>an electric telegraph which
automatically prints the message as it is received at a distant station, in
letters, not signs.</cd> -- <col><b>Signal telegraph</b></col>, <cd>a
telegraph in which preconcerted signals, made by a machine, or otherwise,
at one station, are seen or heard and interpreted at another; a
semaphore.</cd> -- <col><b>Submarine telegraph cable</b></col>, <cd>a
telegraph cable laid under water to connect stations separated by a body of
water.</cd> -- <col><b>Telegraph cable</b></col>, <cd>a telegraphic cable
consisting of several conducting wires, inclosed by an insulating and
protecting material, so as to bring the wires into compact compass for use
on poles, or to form a strong cable impervious to water, to be laid under
ground, as in a town or city, or under water, as in the ocean.</cd> --
<col><b>Telegraph plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leguminous plant
(<i>Desmodium gyrans</i>) native of the East Indies. The leaflets move up
and down like the signals of a semaphore.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Telegraphed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Telegraphing</u> (?).] [F. <i>t&eacute;l&eacute;graphier</i>.] <def>To
convey or announce by telegraph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*leg"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who sends
telegraphic messages; a telegraphic operator; a telegraphist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>t&eacute;l&eacute;graphique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
telegraph; made or communicated by a telegraph; as, <i>telegraphic</i>
signals; <i>telegraphic</i> art; <i>telegraphic</i> intelligence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Telegraphic.</def> -- <wf>Tel`e*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Te*leg"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One skilled in
telegraphy; a telegrapher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*leg"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>t&eacute;l&eacute;graphie</i>.] <def>The science or art of constructing,
or of communicating by means of, telegraphs; as, submarine
<i>telegraphy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*lem"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; far + <i>-
meter</i>.] <def>An instrument used for measuring the distance of an object
from an observer; as, a telescope with a micrometer for measuring the
apparent diameter of an object whose real dimensions are known.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Te`le*o*ceph"i*al</hw>
(t&emacr;`l&esl;*&osl;*s&ebreve;f"&adot;*l&imacr; <i>or</i>
t&ebreve;`l&esl;-), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>te`leos</grk> complete + <grk>kefalh`</grk> head.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An extensive order of bony fishes including most of the common market
species, as bass, salmon, cod, perch, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te`le*o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>t&eacute;l&eacute;ologique</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
teleology, or the doctrine of design.</def> --
<wf>Te`le*o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Te`le*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>One versed in teleology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te`le*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
<grk>teleos</grk>, the end or issue + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F.
<i>t&eacute;l&eacute;ologie</i>.] <def>The doctrine of the final causes of
things</def>; specif. <i>(Biol.)</i>, <def>the doctrine of design, which
assumes that the phenomena of organic life, particularly those of
evolution, are explicable only by purposive causes, and that they in no way
admit of a mechanical explanation or one based entirely on biological
science; the doctrine of adaptation to purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te"le*o*phore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>teleos</grk>
complete + &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Gonotheca</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te`le*or*gan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>teleos</grk> complete + E. <i>organic</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Vital; as, <i>teleorganic</i> functions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te`le*o*saur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of fossil suarians belonging to Teleosaurus
and allied genera. These reptiles are related to the crocodiles, but have
biconcave vertebr&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Te`le*o*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
complete, perfect + &?; a lizard.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of extinct
crocodilian reptiles of the Jurassic period, having a long and slender
snout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te"le*ost</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; complete + &?;
bone.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Teleosti. Also used
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te`le*os"te*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the teleosts.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
teleostean fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Te`le*os"te*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
complete + &?; bone.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A subclass of fishes
including all the ordinary bony fishes as distinguished from the
ganoids.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1481 !></p>

<p><hw>||Te"le*os`to*mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; complete + &?; mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive division
of fishes including the ordinary fishes (Teleostei) and the
ganoids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te`le*o*zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having tissued composed of cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*le*o*zo"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A metazoan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*lep"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; far off + &?;,
&?;, to suffer.] <def>The sympathetic affection of one mind by the
thoughts, feelings, or emotions of another at a distance, without
communication through the ordinary channels of sensation.</def> --
<wf>Tel`e*path"ic</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Te*lep"a*thist</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*pheme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; afar + &?; a
saying.] <def>A message by a telephone.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; far off + &?;
sound.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for reproducing sounds,
especially articulate speech, at a distance.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ordinary telephone consists essentially of a device by which
currents of electricity, produced by sounds through the agency of certain
mechanical devices and exactly corresponding in duration and intensity to
the vibrations of the air which attend them, are transmitted to a distant
station, and there, acting on suitable mechanism, reproduce similar sounds
by repeating the vibrations. The necessary variations in the electrical
currents are usually produced by means of a microphone attached to a thin
diaphragm upon which the voice acts, and are intensified by means of an
induction coil. In the <i>magnetic telephone</i>, or <i>magneto-
telephone</i>, the diaphragm is of soft iron placed close to the pole of a
magnet upon which is wound a coil of fine wire, and its vibrations produce
corresponding vibrable currents in the wire by induction. The
<i>mechanical</i>, or <i>string</i>, <i>telephone</i> is a device in which
the voice or sound causes vibrations in a thin diaphragm, which are
directly transmitted along a wire or string connecting it to a similar
diaphragm at the remote station, thus reproducing the sound. It does not
employ electricity.</p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*phone</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convey or announce
by telephone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>t&eacute;l&eacute;phonique</i>. See <u>Telephone</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Conveying sound to a great distance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the telephone; by the
telephone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*phon"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
telephonic means or processes; by the use of the telephone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*leph"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or process
of reproducing sounds at a distance, as with the telephone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*po*lar"i*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; far off
+ E. <i>polariscope</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A polariscope arranged to be
attached to a telescope.</def>  <i>Lockyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*ryth"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; end + E.
<i>erythrin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A red crystalline compound related
to, or produced from, erythrin. So called because regarded as the end of
the series of erythrin compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; viewing afar,
farseeing; &?; far, far off + &?; a watcher, akin to &?; to view: cf. F.
<i>t&eacute;lescope</i>. See <u>Telegraph</u>, and <u>-scope</u>.] <def>An
optical instrument used in viewing distant objects, as the heavenly
bodies.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A telescope assists the eye chiefly in two ways; first, by
enlarging the visual angle under which a distant object is seen, and thus
magnifying that object; and, secondly, by collecting, and conveying to the
eye, a larger beam of light than would enter the naked organ, thus
rendering objects distinct and visible which would otherwise be indistinct
and or invisible. Its essential parts are the <i>object glass</i>, or
<i>concave mirror</i>, which collects the beam of light, and forms an image
of the object, and the <i>eyeglass</i>, which is a microscope, by which the
image is magnified.</p>

<p><col><b>Achromatic telescope</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Achromatic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Aplanatic telescope</b></col>, <cd>a
telescope having an aplanatic eyepiece.</cd> -- <col><b>Astronomical
telescope</b></col>, <cd>a telescope which has a simple eyepiece so
constructed or used as not to reverse the image formed by the object glass,
and consequently exhibits objects inverted, which is not a hindrance in
astronomical observations.</cd> -- <col><b>Cassegrainian
telescope</b></col>, <cd>a reflecting telescope invented by
<i>Cassegrain</i>, which differs from the Gregorian only in having the
secondary speculum convex instead of concave, and placed nearer the large
speculum. The Cassegrainian represents objects inverted; the Gregorian, in
their natural position. The Melbourne telescope (see <i>Illust.</i> under
<i>Reflecting telescope</i>, below) is a Cassegrainian telescope.</cd> --
<col><b>Dialytic telescope</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Dialytic</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Equatorial telescope</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Equatorial</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Galilean telescope</b></col>, <cd>a
refracting telescope in which the eyeglass is a concave instead of a convex
lens, as in the common opera glass. This was the construction originally
adopted by <i>Galileo</i>, the inventor of the instrument. It exhibits the
objects erect, that is, in their natural positions.</cd> --
<col><b>Gregorian telescope</b></col>, <cd>a form of reflecting telescope.
See under <u>Gregorian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Herschelian
telescope</b></col>, <cd>a reflecting telescope of the form invented by Sir
William <i>Herschel</i>, in which only one speculum is employed, by means
of which an image of the object is formed near one side of the open end of
the tube, and to this the eyeglass is applied directly.</cd> --
<col><b>Newtonian telescope</b></col>, <cd>a form of reflecting telescope.
See under <u>Newtonian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Photographic
telescope</b></col>, <cd>a telescope specially constructed to make
photographs of the heavenly bodies.</cd> -- <col><b>Prism
telescope</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Teinoscope</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Reflecting
telescope</b></col>, <cd>a telescope in which the image is formed by a
speculum or mirror (or usually by two speculums, a large one at the lower
end of the telescope, and the smaller one near the open end) instead of an
object glass. See <i>Gregorian, Cassegrainian, Herschelian, &and;
Newtonian, telescopes</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Refracting
telescope</b></col>, <cd>a telescope in which the image is formed by
refraction through an object glass.</cd> -- <col><b>Telescope
carp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the telescope fish.</cd> --
<col><b>Telescope fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a monstrous
variety of the goldfish having very protuberant eyes.</cd> --
<col><b>Telescope fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any two-winged fly
of the genus <i>Diopsis</i>, native of Africa and Asia. The telescope flies
are remarkable for having the eyes raised on very long stalks.</cd> --
<col><b>Telescope shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an elongated
gastropod (<i>Cerithium telescopium</i>) having numerous flattened
whorls.</cd> -- <col><b>Telescope sight</b></col> <i>(Firearms)</i>, <cd>a
slender telescope attached to the barrel, having cross wires in the
eyepiece and used as a sight.</cd> -- <col><b>Terrestrial
telescope</b></col>, <cd>a telescope whose eyepiece has one or two lenses
more than the astronomical, for the purpose of inverting the image, and
exhibiting objects erect.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Telescoped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Telescoping</u> (?).] <def>To slide or pass one within another, after
the manner of the sections of a small telescope or spyglass; to come into
collision, as railway cars, in such a manner that one runs into
another.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*scope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to come into
collision, so as to telescope.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tel`e*scop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Tel`e*scop"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>t&eacute;lescopique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a telescope; performed by a
telescope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Seen or discoverable only by a telescope; as,
<i>telescopic</i> stars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Able to discern objects at a distance;
farseeing; far-reaching; as, a <i>telescopic</i> eye; <i>telescopic</i>
vision.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having the power of extension by joints sliding
one within another, like the tube of a small telescope or a spyglass;
especially <i>(Mach.)</i>, constructed of concentric tubes, either
stationary, as in the <i>telescopic</i> boiler, or movable, as in the
<i>telescopic</i> chimney of a war vessel, which may be put out of sight by
being lowered endwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*scop"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
telescopical manner; by or with the telescope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*les"co*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses a
telescope.</def>  <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te*les"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or practice
of using or making telescopes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"esm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>tilism</i>. See
<u>Talisman</u>.] <def>A kind of amulet or magical charm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tel`es*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Tel`es*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to telesms; magical.</def>
<i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*spec"tro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; far off
+ E. <i>spectroscope</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A spectroscope arranged to
be attached to a telescope for observation of distant objects, as the sun
or stars.</def>  <i>Lockyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*ste"re*o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; far off
+ E. <i>stereoscope</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>A stereoscope adapted to view
distant natural objects or landscapes; a telescopic stereoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*les"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fit for
finishing, from &?; to finish.] <def>Tending or relating to a purpose or an
end.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te*les"tich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the end + &?; a
line, verse.] <def>A poem in which the final letters of the lines, taken
consequently, make a name.  Cf. <u>Acrostic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*ther*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; far off
+ E. <i>thermometer</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An apparatus for
determining the temperature of a distant point, as by a thermoelectric
circuit or otherwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*leu"to*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; completion +
E. <i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The thick-celled winter or resting
spore of the rusts (order <i>Uredinales</i>), produced in late summer. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Uredospore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from &?; the end.]
<i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Denoting the final end or purpose, as distinguished
from <i>ecbatic</i>. See <u>Ecbatic</u>.</def>  <i>Gibbs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Told</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Telling</u>.] [AS. <i>tellan</i>, from <i>talu</i> tale, number, speech;
akin to D. <i>tellen</i> to count, G. <i>z&auml;hlen</i>, OHG.
<i>zellen</i> to count, tell, say, Icel. <i>telja</i>, Dan. <i>tale</i> to
speak, <i>t&aelig;lle</i> to count. See <u>Tale</u> that which is told.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mention one by one, or piece by piece; to
recount; to enumerate; to reckon; to number; to count; as, to <i>tell</i>
money.</def> "An heap of coin he <i>told</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>telleth</i> the number of the stars.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. cxlvii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tell</i> the joints of the body.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter or recite in detail; to give an account
of; to narrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of which I shall <i>tell</i> all the array.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And not a man appears to <i>tell</i> their
fate.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make known; to publish; to disclose; to
divulge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why didst thou not <i>tell</i> me that she was thy
wife?</blockquote> <i>Gen. xii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give instruction to; to make report to; to
acquaint; to teach; to inform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A secret pilgrimage,<BR>
That you to-day promised to <i>tell</i> me of?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To order; to request; to command.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>told</i> her not to be frightened.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To discern so as to report; to ascertain by
observing; to find out; to discover; as, I can not <i>tell</i> where one
color ends and the other begins.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To make account of; to regard; to reckon; to
value; to estimate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I ne <i>told</i> no dainity of her love.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Tell</i>, though equivalent in some respect to <i>speak</i>
and <i>say</i>, has not always the same application. We say, to <i>tell</i>
truth or falsehood, to <i>tell</i> a number, to <i>tell</i> the reasons, to
<i>tell</i> something or nothing; but we never say, to <i>tell</i> a
speech, discourse, or oration, or to <i>tell</i> an argument or a lesson.
It is much used in commands; as, <i>tell</i> me the whole story;
<i>tell</i> me all you know.</p>

<p><col><b>To tell off</b></col>, <cd>to count; to divide.</cd> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To communicate; impart; reveal; disclose; inform;
acquaint; report; repeat; rehearse; recite.</p>

<p><hw>Tell</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give
an account; to make report.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That I may publish with the voice of thankgiving, and
<i>tell</i> of all thy wondrous works.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxvi. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take effect; to produce a marked effect; as,
every shot <i>tells</i>; every expression <i>tells</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To tell of</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To speak of; to
mention; to narrate or describe.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To inform
against; to disclose some fault of.</cd> -- <col><b>To tell on</b></col>,
<cd>to inform against.</cd> [Archaic &amp; Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lest they should <i>tell on</i> us, saying, So did
David.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xxvii. 11.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is told; tale;
account.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am at the end of my <i>tell</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.] <def>A hill or mound.</def>
<i>W. M. Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tell"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
told.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"len</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
species of Tellina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tell"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who tells, relates, or communicates; an informer, narrator, or
describer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of four officers of the English Exchequer,
formerly appointed to receive moneys due to the king and to pay moneys
payable by the king.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An officer of a bank who receives and counts
over money paid in, and pays money out on checks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who is appointed to count the votes given in
a legislative body, public meeting, assembly, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tell"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
employment of a teller.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tel*li"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a kind
of shellfish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine bivalve mollusks
having thin, delicate, and often handsomely colored shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tell"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Operating with great
effect; effective; as, a <i>telling</i> speech.</def> --
<wf>Tell"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tell"tale`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Telling tales;
babbling.</def> "The <i>telltale</i> heart."  <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tell"tale`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who officiously communicates information of the private concerns of others;
one who tells that which prudence should suppress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A movable piece of ivory, lead, or
other material, connected with the bellows of an organ, that gives notice,
by its position, when the wind is exhausted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mechanical
attachment to the steering wheel, which, in the absence of a tiller, shows
the position of the helm.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A compass in the
cabin of a vessel, usually placed where the captain can see it at all
hours, and thus inform himself of the vessel's course.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A machine or contrivance for
indicating or recording something, particularly for keeping a check upon
employees, as factory hands, watchmen, drivers, check takers, and the like,
by revealing to their employers what they have done or omitted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The tattler. See
<u>Tattler</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1482 !></p>

<p><hw>Tel*lu"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tellus</i>, <i>-
uris</i>, the earth.] <def>Of or pertaining to the earth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tel"lu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tellurate</i>.
See <u>Tellurium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of telluric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"lu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
telluride.</def> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Tel"lu*ret`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Combined or impregnated with tellurium; tellurized.</def> [Written
also <i>telluretted</i>.] [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><col><b>Tellureted hydrogen</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>hydrogen
telluride, H<sub>2</sub>Te, a gaseous substance analogous to hydrogen
sulphide; -- called also <i>tellurhydric acid</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tel`lur*hy"dric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, hydrogen telluride, which is
regarded as an acid, especially when in solution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel*lu"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tellus</i>, <i>-
uris</i>, the earth.] <def>Of or pertaining to the earth.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tel*lu"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
dweller on the earth.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for showing the operation of the
causes which produce the succession of day and night, and the changes of
the seasons.</def> [Written also <i>tellurion</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tel*lu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tellus</i>, <i>-
uris</i>, the earth: cf. F. <i>tellurique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to the earth; proceeding from the earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Amid these hot, <i>telluric</i> flames.</blockquote>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to tellurium;
derived from, or resembling, tellurium; specifically, designating those
compounds in which the element has a higher valence as contrasted with
<i>tellurous</i> compounds; as, <i>telluric acid</i>, which is analogous to
sulphuric acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Telluric bismuth</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>tetradymite.</cd>
-- <col><b>Telluric silver</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>hessite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tel"lu*ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
compound of tellurium with a more positive element or radical; -- formerly
called <i>telluret</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"lu*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An hypothesis of
animal magnetism propounded by Dr. Keiser, in Germany, in which the
phenomena are ascribed to the agency of a telluric spirit or
influence.</def> [R.]  <i>S. Thompson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tel"lu*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of tellurous acid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Oxide of tellurium. It occurs
sparingly in tufts of white or yellowish crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel*lu"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>tellus</i>, <i>-uris</i>, the earth.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare
nonmetallic element, analogous to sulphur and selenium, occasionally found
native as a substance of a silver-white metallic luster, but usually
combined with metals, as with gold and silver in the mineral sylvanite,
with mercury in Coloradoite, etc. Symbol Te. Atomic weight 125.2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Graphic tellurium</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Sylvanite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tellurium glance</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>nagyagite; -- called also <i>black tellurium</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tel"lu*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To
impregnate with, or to subject to the action of, tellurium; -- chiefly used
adjectively in the past participle; as, <i>tellurized</i> ores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"lu*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to tellurium; derived from, or containing, tellurium;
specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a lower
valence as contrasted with <i>telluric</i> compounds; as, <i>tellurous
acid</i>, which is analogous to sulphurous acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`o*dy*nam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; far + E.
<i>dynamic</i>.] <def>Relating to a system for transmitting power to a
distance by means of swiftly moving ropes or cables driving grooved pulleys
of large diameter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`oo*goo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Telugu</u>.</def>  <i>D. O. Allen.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Te*lot"ro*cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Telotroch&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Telotrochal</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An annelid larva having telotrochal bands of
cilia.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Te*lot"ro*chal</hw> (?), <hw>Te*lot"ro*chous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; complete + &?; wheel, hoop.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having both a preoral and a posterior band of
cilla; -- applied to the larv&aelig; of certain annelids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; far off + <i>-
type</i>.] <def>An electric telegraph which prints the messages in letters
and not in signs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; far, far off + &?;
to bear.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A contrivance for the conveyance of vehicles
or loads by means of electricity.</def>  <i>Fleeming Jenkin.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Telpher line</b></col>, or <col><b>Telpher road</b></col>,
<cd>an electric line or road over which vehicles for carrying loads are
moved by electric engines actuated by a current conveyed by the
line.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tel"pher*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The conveyance of
vehicles or loads by means of electricity.</def>  <i>Fleeming
Jenkin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tel"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Telsons</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a boundary, limit.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The terminal joint or movable piece at the end of
the abdomen of Crustacea and other articulates. See
<u>Thoracostraca</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`u*gu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
Darvidian language spoken in the northern parts of the Madras presidency.
In extent of use it is the next language after Hindustani (in its various
forms) and Bengali.</def> [Spelt also <i>Teloogoo</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the people speaking the Telugu
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`u*gu"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Telugu language, or the Telugus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem`er*a"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>temerarius</i>. See <u>Temerity</u>.] <def>Unreasonably adventurous;
despising danger; rash; headstrong; audacious; reckless; heedless.</def> --
<wf>Tem`er*a"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>I spake against <i>temerarious</i> judgment.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>temerare</i> to
defile.] <def>Temerity.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te*mer"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>temeritas</i>,
from <i>temere</i> by chance, rashly; perhaps akin to Skr. <i>tamas</i>
darkness: cf. F. <i>t&eacute;m&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Unreasonable
contempt of danger; extreme venturesomeness; rashness; as, the
<i>temerity</i> of a commander in war.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rashness; precipitancy; heedlessness; venturesomeness.  -
- <u>Temerity</u>, <u>Rashness</u>. These words are closely allied in
sense, but have a slight difference in their use and application.
<i>Temerity</i> is Latin, and <i>rashness</i> is Anglo-Saxon. As in many
such cases, the Latin term is more select and dignified; the Anglo-Saxon
more familiar and energetic. We show <i>temerity</i> in hasty decisions,
and the conduct to which they lead. We show <i>rashness</i> in particular
actions, as dictated by sudden impulse. It is an exhibition of
<i>temerity</i> to approach the verge of a precipice; it is an act of
<i>rashness</i> to jump into a river without being able to swim.
<i>Temerity</i>, then, is an unreasonable contempt of danger;
<i>rashness</i> is a rushing into danger from thoughtlessness or excited
feeling.</p>

<p><blockquote>It is notorious <i>temerity</i> to pass sentence upon
grounds uncapable of evidence.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>rush</i> hand in evil hour<BR>
Forth reaching to the fruit, she plucked, she eat.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Temerarious.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tem*pe"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Temple, a valley in Thessaly, celebrated by Greek poets on account of its
beautiful scenery; resembling Temple; hence, beautiful; delightful;
charming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tempered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tempering</u>.] [AS. <i>temprian</i> or OF. <i>temper</i>, F.
<i>temp&eacute;rer</i>, and (in sense 3) <i>temper</i>, L.
<i>temperare</i>, akin to <i>tempus</i> time.  Cf. <u>Temporal</u>,
<u>Distemper</u>, <u>Tamper</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mingle in due
proportion; to prepare by combining; to modify, as by adding some new
element; to qualify, as by an ingredient; hence, to soften; to mollify; to
assuage; to soothe; to calm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Puritan austerity was so <i>tempered</i> by Dutch
indifference, that mercy itself could not have dictated a milder
system.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Woman! lovely woman! nature made thee<BR>
To <i>temper</i> man: we had been brutes without you.</blockquote>
<i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But thy fire<BR>
Shall be more <i>tempered</i>, and thy hope far higher.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She [the Goddess of Justice] threw darkness and clouds about
her, that <i>tempered</i> the light into a thousand beautiful shades and
colors.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fit together; to adjust; to
accomodate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy sustenance . . . serving to the appetite of the eater,
<i>tempered</i> itself to every man's liking.</blockquote> <i>Wisdom xvi.
21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To bring to a proper degree of
hardness; as, to <i>temper</i> iron or steel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tempered</i> metals clash, and yield a silver
sound.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To govern; to manage.</def> [A Latinism &
Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With which the damned ghosts he governeth,<BR>
And furies rules, and Tartare <i>tempereth</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To moisten to a proper consistency and stir
thoroughly, as clay for making brick, loam for molding, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To adjust, as the mathematical
scale to the actual scale, or to that in actual use.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To soften; mollify; assuage; soothe; calm.</p>

<p><hw>Tem"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state
of any compound substance which results from the mixture of various
ingredients; due mixture of different qualities; just combination; as, the
<i>temper</i> of mortar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constitution of body; temperament; in old
writers, the mixture or relative proportion of the four humors, blood,
choler, phlegm, and melancholy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The exquisiteness of his [Christ's] bodily <i>temper</i>
increased the exquisiteness of his torment.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Disposition of mind; the constitution of the
mind, particularly with regard to the passions and affections; as, a calm
<i>temper</i>; a hasty <i>temper</i>; a fretful <i>temper</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Remember with what mild<BR>
And gracious <i>temper</i> he both heared and judged.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The consequents of a certain ethical
<i>temper</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Calmness of mind; moderation; equanimity;
composure; as, to keep one's <i>temper</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To fall with dignity, with <i>temper</i> rise.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Restore yourselves to your <i>tempers</i>,
fathers.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Heat of mind or passion; irritation; proneness
to anger; -- in a reproachful sense.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The state of a metal or other substance,
especially as to its hardness, produced by some process of heating or
cooling; as, the <i>temper</i> of iron or steel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Middle state or course; mean; medium.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The perfect lawgiver is a just <i>temper</i> between the
mere man of theory, who can see nothing but general principles, and the
mere man of business, who can see nothing but particular
circumstances.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Sugar Works)</i> <def>Milk of lime, or other
substance, employed in the process formerly used to clarify
sugar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Temper screw</b></col>, <cd>in deep well boring, an adjusting
screw connecting the working beam with the rope carrying the tools, for
lowering the tools as the drilling progresses.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disposition; temperament; frame; humor; mood. See
<u>Disposition</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Tem"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
accord; to agree; to act and think in conformity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have or get a proper or desired state or
quality; to grow soft and pliable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have him already <i>tempering</i> between my finger and my
thumb, and shortly will I seal with him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tem"pe*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Paint.)</i>
<def>A mode or process of painting; distemper.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is applied especially to early Italian painting, common
vehicles of which were yolk of egg, yolk and white of egg mixed together,
the white juice of the fig tree, and the like.</p>

<p><hw>Tem"per*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
tempered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fusible, hard, and <i>temperable</i> texture of
metals.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"per*a*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>temperamentum</i> a mixing in due proportion, proper measure,
temperament: cf. F. <i>temp&eacute;rament</i>. See <u>Temper</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Internal constitution;
state with respect to the relative proportion of different qualities, or
constituent parts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The common law . . . has reduced the kingdom to its just
state and <i>temperament</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Due mixture of qualities; a condition brought
about by mutual compromises or concessions.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>However, I forejudge not any probable expedient, any
<i>temperament</i> that can be found in things of this nature, so
disputable on their side.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of tempering or modifying; adjustment,
as of clashing rules, interests, passions, or the like; also, the means by
which such adjustment is effected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wholesome <i>temperaments</i> of the rashness of popular
assemblies.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Mackintosh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Condition with regard to heat or cold;
temperature.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bodies are denominated "hot" and "cold" in proportion to the
present <i>temperament</i> of that part of our body to which they are
applied.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A system of compromises in the
tuning of organs, pianofortes, and the like, whereby the tones generated
with the vibrations of a ground tone are mutually modified and in part
canceled, until their number reduced to the actual practicable scale of
twelve tones to the octave. This scale, although in so far artificial, is
yet closely suggestive of its origin in nature, and this system of tuning,
although not mathematically true, yet satisfies the ear, while it has the
convenience that the same twelve fixed tones answer for every key or scale,
C&sharp; becoming identical with D&flat;, and so on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The peculiar physical and
mental character of an individual, in olden times erroneously supposed to
be due to individual variation in the relations and proportions of the
constituent parts of the body, especially of the fluids, as the bile,
blood, lymph, etc. Hence the phrases, bilious or choleric
<i>temperament</i>, sanguine <i>temperament</i>, etc., implying a
predominance of one of these fluids and a corresponding influence on the
temperament.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Equal temperament</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>that in which the
variations from mathematically true pitch are distributed among all the
keys alike.</cd> -- <col><b>Unequal temperament</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>that in which the variations are thrown into the keys least
used.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tem`per*a*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to temperament; constitutional.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"per*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>temperantia</i>:
cf. F. <i>temp&eacute;rance</i>. See <u>Temper</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Habitual moderation in regard to the
indulgence of the natural appetites and passions; restrained or moderate
indulgence; moderation; as, <i>temperance</i> in eating and drinking;
<i>temperance</i> in the indulgence of joy or mirth; specifically,
moderation, and sometimes abstinence, in respect to using intoxicating
liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moderation of passion; patience; calmness;
sedateness.</def> [R.] "A gentleman of all <i>temperance</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He calmed his wrath with goodly
<i>temperance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>State with regard to heat or cold;
temperature.</def> [Obs.] "Tender and delicate <i>temperance</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Temperance society</b></col>, <cd>an association formed for the
purpose of diminishing or stopping the use of alcoholic liquors as a
beverage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tem"per*an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Temperance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"per*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>temperatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>temperare</i>. See <u>Temper</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moderate; not excessive; as, <i>temperate</i> heat;
a <i>temperate</i> climate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not marked with passion; not violent; cool;
calm; as, <i>temperate</i> language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is not hot, but <i>temperate</i> as the
morn.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That sober freedom out of which there springs<BR>
Our loyal passion for our <i>temperate</i> kings.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Moderate in the indulgence of the natural
appetites or passions; as, <i>temperate</i> in eating and
drinking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be sober and <i>temperate</i>, and you will be
healthy.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from temperance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>temperate</i> sleeps, and spirits light as
air.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Temperate zone</b></col> <i>(Geog.)</i>, <cd>that part of the
earth which lies between either tropic and the corresponding polar circle;
-- so called because the heat is less than in the torrid zone, and the cold
less than in the frigid zones.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Abstemious; sober; calm; cool; sedate.</p>

<p><hw>Tem"per*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
temperate; to moderate; to soften; to temper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It inflames temperance, and <i>temperates</i>
wrath.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"per*ate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a temperate
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"per*ate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being temperate; moderateness; temperance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"per*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>temperativus</i> soothing.] <def>Having power to temper.</def> [R.]
<i>T. Granger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"per*a*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>temp&eacute;rature</i>, L. <i>temperatura</i> due measure, proportion,
temper, temperament.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Constitution; state; degree
of any quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best composition and <i>temperature</i> is, to have
openness in fame and opinion, secrecy in habit, dissimulation in seasonable
use, and a power to feign, if there be no remedy.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Memory depends upon the consistence and the
<i>temperature</i> of the brain.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from passion; moderation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In that proud port, which her so goodly graceth,<BR>
Most goodly <i>temperature</i> you may descry.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Condition with respect to heat
or cold, especially as indicated by the sensation produced, or by the
thermometer or pyrometer; degree of heat or cold; as, the
<i>temperature</i> of the air; high <i>temperature</i>; low
<i>temperature</i>; <i>temperature</i> of freezing or of boiling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mixture; compound.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Made a <i>temperature</i> of brass and iron
together.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Absolute temperature</b></col>. <i>(Physics)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Absolute</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Animal temperature</b></col>
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the nearly constant temperature maintained in the
bodies of warm-blooded (<i>homoiothermal</i>) animals during life. The
ultimate source of the heat is to be found in the potential energy of the
food and the oxygen which is absorbed from the air during respiration. See
<u>Homoiothermal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Temperature sense</b></col>
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the faculty of perceiving cold and warmth, and so of
perceiving differences of temperature in external objects.</cd> <i>H. N.
Martin.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1483 !></p>

<p><hw>Tem"pered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Brought to a proper
temper; as, <i>tempered</i> steel; having (such) a temper; -- chiefly used
in composition; as, a good-<i>tempered</i> or bad-<i>tempered</i> man; a
well-<i>tempered</i> sword.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"per*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, tempers; specifically, a machine in which lime, cement, stone, etc.,
are mixed with water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"per*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The
process of giving the requisite degree of hardness or softness to a
substance, as iron and steel; especially, the process of giving to steel
the degree of hardness required for various purposes, consisting usually in
first plunging the article, when heated to redness, in cold water or other
liquid, to give an excess of hardness, and then reheating it gradually
until the hardness is reduced or drawn down to the degree required, as
indicated by the color produced on a polished portion, or by the burning of
oil.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tempering color</b></col>, <cd>the shade of color that indicates
the degree of temper in tempering steel, as pale straw yellow for lancets,
razors, and tools for metal; dark straw yellow for penknives, screw taps,
etc.; brown yellow for axes, chisels, and plane irons; yellow tinged with
purple for table knives and shears; purple for swords and watch springs;
blue for springs and saws; and very pale blue tinged with green, too soft
for steel instruments.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tem"pest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>tempeste</i>, F.
<i>temp&ecirc;te</i>, (assumed) LL. <i>tempesta</i>, fr. L.
<i>tempestas</i> a portion of time, a season, weather, storm, akin to
<i>tempus</i> time. See <u>Temporal</u> of time.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An extensive current of wind, rushing with great velocity and
violence, and commonly attended with rain, hail, or snow; a furious
storm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[We] caught in a fiery <i>tempest</i>, shall be hurled,<BR>
Each on his rock transfixed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Any violent tumult or commotion; as, a
political <i>tempest</i>; a <i>tempest</i> of war, or of the
passions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fashionable assembly; a drum. See the Note
under <u>Drum</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def> [Archaic]
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Tempest</i> is sometimes used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>tempest</i>-beaten, <i>tempest</i>-loving,
<i>tempest</i>-tossed, <i>tempest</i>-winged, and the like.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Storm; agitation; perturbation. See <u>Storm</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Tem"pest</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>tempester</i>, F.
<i>temp&ecirc;ter</i> to rage.] <def>To disturb as by a tempest.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Part huge of bulk<BR>
Wallowing unwieldy, enormous in their gait,<BR>
<i>Tempest</i> the ocean.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"pest</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To storm.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem*pes"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tempestivus</i>.]
<def>Seasonable; timely; as, <i>tempestive</i> showers.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Heywood.</i> -- <wf>Tem*pes"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tem`pes*tiv"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tempestivitas</i>.] <def>The quality, or state, of being tempestive;
seasonableness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem*pes"tu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tempestuous</i>: cf. OF. <i>tempestueux</i>, F.
<i>temp&ecirc;tueux</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a tempest; involving or
resembling a tempest; turbulent; violent; stormy; as, <i>tempestuous</i>
weather; a <i>tempestuous</i> night; a <i>tempestuous</i> debate.</def> --
<wf>Tem*pes"tu*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tem*pes"tu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>They saw the Hebrew leader,<BR>
Waiting, and clutching his <i>tempestuous</i> beard.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"plar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>templere</i>, F.
<i>templier</i>, LL. <i>templarius</i>. See <u>Temple</u> a church.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of a religious and military order first
established at Jerusalem, in the early part of the 12th century, for the
protection of pilgrims and of the Holy Sepulcher. These Knights Templars,
or Knights of the Temple, were so named because they occupied an apartment
of the palace of Bladwin II. in Jerusalem, near the Temple.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The order was first limited in numbers, and its members were
bound by vows of chastity and poverty. After the conquest of Palestine by
the Saracens, the Templars spread over Europe, and, by reason of their
reputation for valor and piety, they were enriched by numerous donations of
money and lands. The extravagances and vices of the later Templars,
however, finally led to the suppression of the order by the Council of
Vienne in 1312.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A student of law, so called from having
apartments in the Temple at London, the original buildings having belonged
to the Knights Templars. See <i>Inner Temple</i>, and <i>Middle Temple</i>,
under <u>Temple</u>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One belonged to a certain order or degree among
the Freemasons, called Knights Templars. Also, one of an order among
temperance men, styled Good Templars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"plar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
temple.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Solitary, family, and <i>templar</i> devotion.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"plate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Templet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Templet</u>.]
<i>(Weaving)</i> <def>A contrivence used in a loom for keeping the web
stretched transversely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>temple</i>, F.
<i>tempe</i>, from L. <i>tempora</i>, <i>tempus</i>; perhaps originally,
the right place, the fatal spot, supposed to be the same word as
<i>tempus</i>, <i>temporis</i>, the fitting or appointed time. See
<u>Temporal</u> of time, and cf. <u>Tempo</u>, <u>Tense</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The space, on
either side of the head, back of the eye and forehead, above the zygomatic
arch and in front of the ear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the side bars of a pair of spectacles,
jointed to the bows, and passing one on either side of the head to hold the
spectacles in place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>tempel</i>, from L.
<i>templum</i> a space marked out, sanctuary, temple; cf. Gr. &?; a piece
of land marked off, land dedicated to a god: cf. F. <i>t&eacute;mple</i>,
from the Latin.  Cf. <u>Contemplate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place
or edifice dedicated to the worship of some deity; as, the <i>temple</i> of
Jupiter at Athens, or of Juggernaut in India.</def> "The <i>temple</i> of
mighty Mars."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>The edifice erected at
Jerusalem for the worship of Jehovah.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jesus walked in the <i>temple</i> in Solomon's
porch.</blockquote> <i>John x. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, among Christians, an edifice erected as a
place of public worship; a church.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can he whose life is a perpetual insult to the authority of
God enter with any pleasure a <i>temple</i> consecrated to devotion and
sanctified by prayer?</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Any place in which the divine presence
specially resides.</def> "The <i>temple</i> of his body."  <i>John ii.
21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Know ye not that ye are the <i>temple</i> of God, and that
the spirit of God dwelleth in you?</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. iii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The groves were God's first <i>temples</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Inner Temple</b></col>, &and; <col><b>Middle Temple</b></col>,
<cd>two buildings, or ranges of buildings, occupied by two inns of court in
London, on the site of a monastic establishment of the Knights Templars,
called <i>the Temple</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tem"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To build a temple
for; to appropriate a temple to; as, to <i>temple</i> a god.</def> [R.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"pled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supplied with a temple
or temples, or with churches; inclosed in a temple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I love thy rocks and rills,<BR>
Thy woods and <i>templed</i> hills.</blockquote> <i>S. F. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"plet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>templatus</i>
vaulted, from L. <i>templum</i> a small timber.] [Spelt also
<i>template</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A gauge, pattern, or mold,
commonly a thin plate or board, used as a guide to the form of the work to
be executed; as, a mason's or a wheelwright's <i>templet</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A short piece of timber, iron, or
stone, placed in a wall under a girder or other beam, to distribute the
weight or pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tem"po</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. L. <i>tempus</i>.
See <u>Tense</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The rate or
degree of movement in time.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||A tempo giusto</b></col> (j&oomac;s"t&osl;) [It.], <cd>in
exact time; -- sometimes, directing a return to strict time after a tempo
rubato.</cd> -- <col><b>Tempo rubato</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Rubato</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>temporalis</i>, fr.
<i>tempora</i> the temples: cf. F. <i>temporal</i>. See <u>Temple</u> a
part of the head.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the temple or
temples; as, the <i>temporal</i> bone; a <i>temporal</i> artery.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Temporal bone</b></col>, <cd>a very complex bone situated in the
side of the skull of most mammals and containing the organ of hearing. It
consists of an expanded <i>squamosal</i> portion above the ear,
corresponding to the squamosal and zygoma of the lower vertebrates, and a
thickened basal <i>petrosal</i> and <i>mastoid</i> portion, corresponding
to the periotic and tympanic bones of the lower vertebrates.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>temporalis</i>, fr.
<i>tempus</i>, <i>temporis</i>, time, portion of time, the fitting or
appointed time: cf. F. <i>temporel</i>.  Cf. <u>Contemporaneous</u>,
<u>Extempore</u>, <u>Temper</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Tempest</u>,
<u>Temple</u> a part of the head, <u>Tense</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Thing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to time, that is,
to the present life, or this world; secular, as distinguished from
<i>sacred</i> or <i>eternal</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The things which are seen are <i>temporal</i>, but the
things which are not seen are eternal.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. iv.
18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is this an hour for <i>temporal</i> affairs?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Civil or political, as distinguished from
<i>ecclesiastical</i>; as, <i>temporal</i> power; <i>temporal</i>
courts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lords temporal</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Lord</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Temporal augment</b></col>. <cd>See
the Note under <u>Augment</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Transient; fleeting; transitory.</p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*ral</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything temporal or
secular; a temporality; -- used chiefly in the plural.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He assigns supremacy to the pope in spirituals, and to the
emperor or <i>temporals</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem`po*ral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Temporalities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>temporalitas</i>, in LL.,
possessions of the church: cf. F. <i>temporalit&eacute;</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of being temporary; -- opposed
to <i>perpetuity</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The laity; temporality.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which pertains to temporal welfare;
material interests; especially, the revenue of an ecclesiastic proceeding
from lands, tenements, or lay fees, tithes, and the like; -- chiefly used
in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Supreme head, . . . under God, of the spirituality and
<i>temporality</i> of the same church.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*ral*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a temporal
manner; secularly.</def> [R.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*ral*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Worldliness.</def>
[R.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*ral*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Temporality</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The laity; secular
people.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Abp. Abbot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A secular possession; a temporality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem`po*ra"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>temporaneus</i> happening at the right time, fr. <i>tempus</i>,
<i>temporis</i>, time.] <def>Temporarity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*ra*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a temporary
manner; for a time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*ra*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being temporary; -- opposed to <i>perpetuity</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*ra*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>temporarius</i>,
fr. <i>tempus</i>, <i>temporis</i>, time: cf. F. <i>temporaire</i>.]
<def>Lasting for a time only; existing or continuing for a limited time;
not permanent; as, the patient has obtained <i>temporary</i>
relief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Temporary</i> government of the city.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Temporary star</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Star</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A temporizer.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Why, turn a <i>temporist</i>, row with the
tide.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem`po*ri*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>temporisation</i>.] <def>The act of temporizing.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Temporized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Temporizing</u> (?).] [F. <i>temporiser</i>. See <u>Temporal</u> of
time.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To comply with the time or occasion; to
humor, or yield to, the current of opinion or circumstances; also, to trim,
as between two parties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They might their grievance inwardly complain,<BR>
But outwardly they needs must <i>temporize</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To delay; to procrastinate.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To comply; to agree.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*ri`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
temporizes; one who yields to the time, or complies with the prevailing
opinions, fashions, or occasions; a trimmer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sort of <i>temporizers</i>, ready to embrace and maintain
all that is, or shall be, proposed, in hope of preferment.</blockquote>
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*ri`zing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
temporizing or yielding manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"po*ro-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to
indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the temple</i>,
or <i>temporal bone</i>; as, <i>temporo</i>facial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem`po*ro-au*ric"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to both the temple and the ear; as, the <i>temporo-
auricular</i> nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem`po*ro*fa"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to both the temple and the face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem`po*ro*ma"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to both the temple and the region of the malar bone;
as, the <i>temporomalar</i> nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem`po*ro*max"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to both the temple or the temporal bone and the
maxilla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Temps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. &amp; F., fr. L.
<i>tempus</i>. See <u>Temporal</u> of time.] <def>Time.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tempse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Temse</u>.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tempt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tempted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tempting</u>.] [OE. <i>tempten</i>, <i>tenten</i>, from OF.
<i>tempter</i>, <i>tenter</i>, F. <i>tenter</i>, fr. L. <i>tentare</i>,
<i>temptare</i>, to handle, feel, attack, to try, put to the test, urge,
freq. from <i>tendere</i>, <i>tentum</i>, and <i>tensum</i>, to stretch.
See <u>Thin</u>, and cf. <u>Attempt</u>, <u>Tend</u>, <u>Taunt</u>,
<u>Tent</u> a pavilion, <u>Tent</u> to probe.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
put to trial; to prove; to test; to try.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God did <i>tempt</i> Abraham.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxii.
1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall not <i>tempt</i> the Lord your God.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. vi. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lead, or endeavor to lead, into evil; to
entice to what is wrong; to seduce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man is <i>tempted</i> when he is drawn away of his own
lust, and enticed.</blockquote> <i>James i. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To endeavor to persuade; to induce; to invite;
to incite; to provoke; to instigate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tempt</i> not the brave and needy to
despair.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor <i>tempt</i> the wrath of heaven's avenging
Sire.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To endeavor to accomplish or reach; to
attempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere leave be given to <i>tempt</i> the nether
skies.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To entice; allure; attract; decoy; seduce.</p>

<p><hw>Tempt`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being temptable; lability to temptation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tempt"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
tempted; liable to be tempted.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Temp*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>temptation</i>,
<i>tentation</i>, F. <i>tentation</i>, L. <i>tentatio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of tempting, or enticing to evil;
seduction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the devil had ended all the <i>temptation</i>, he
departed from him for a season.</blockquote> <i>Luke iv. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being tempted, or enticed to
evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lead us not into <i>temptation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke xi.
4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which tempts; an inducement; an allurement,
especially to something evil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dare to be great, without a guilty crown;<BR>
View it, and lay the bright <i>temptation</i> down.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Temp*ta"tion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
temptation or motive; as, a <i>temptationless</i> sin.</def> [R.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Temp*ta"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tempting.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tempt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tempts or
entices; especially, Satan, or the Devil, regarded as the great enticer to
evil.</def> "Those who are bent to do wickedly will never want
<i>tempters</i> to urge them on."  <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So glozed the <i>Tempter</i>, and his proem
tuned.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tempt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted to entice or
allure; attractive; alluring; seductive; enticing; as, <i>tempting</i>
pleasures.</def> -- <wf>Tempt"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tempt"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tempt"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
entices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She was my <i>temptress</i>, the foul provoker.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Temse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tamis</i>, or D.
<i>tems</i>, <i>teems</i>.  Cf. <u>Tamine</u>.] <def>A sieve.</def>
[Written also <i>tems</i>, and <i>tempse</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Temse bread</b></col>, <col><b>Temsed bread</b></col>,
<col><b>Temse loaf</b></col>, <cd>bread made of flour better sifted than
common fluor.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tem"u*lence</hw> (?), <hw>Tem"u*len*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>temulentia</i>.] <def>Intoxication;
inebriation; drunkenness.</def> [R.] "Their <i>temulency</i>."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tem"u*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>temulentus</i>.]
<def>Intoxicated; drunken.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tem"u*lent*ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
temulent; addicted to drink.</def> [R.]  <i>R. Junius.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>t&emacr;n</i>,
<i>ti&eacute;n</i>, <i>t&?;n</i>, <i>t&emacr;ne</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>tian</i>, OS. <i>tehan</i>, D. <i>tien</i>, G. <i>zehn</i>, OHG.
<i>zehan</i>, Icel. <i>t&imacr;u</i>, Sw. <i>tio</i>, Dan. <i>ti</i>, Goth.
<i>ta&iacute;hun</i>, Lith. <i>deszimt</i>, Russ. <i>desiate</i>, W.
<i>deg</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>deich</i>, L. <i>decem</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr.
<i>da&ccedil;an</i>. &radic;308.  Cf. <u>Dean</u>, <u>Decade</u>,
<u>Decimal</u>, <u>December</u>, <u>Eighteen</u>, <u>Eighty</u>,
<u>Teens</u>, <u>Tithe</u>.] <def>One more than nine; twice five.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With twice <i>ten</i> sail I crossed the Phrygian
Sea.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ten</i> is often used, indefinitely, for <i>several</i>,
<i>many</i>, and other like words.</p>

<p><blockquote>There 's proud modesty in merit,<BR>
Averse from begging, and resolved to pay<BR>
<i>Ten</i> times the gift it asks.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1484 !></p>

<p><hw>Ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
number greater by one than nine; the sum of five and five; ten units of
objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not destroy it for <i>ten's</i> sake.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xviii. 32.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing ten units, as 10,
<u>x</u>, or <u>X</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being tenable; tenableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>tenable</i>, fr.
<i>tenir</i> to hold, L. <i>tenere</i>. See <u>Thin</u>, and cf.
<u>Continue</u>, <u>Continent</u>, <u>Entertain</u>, <u>Maintain</u>,
<u>Tenant</u>, <u>Tent</u>.] <def>Capable of being held, naintained, or
defended, as against an assailant or objector, or againts attempts to take
or process; as, a <i>tenable</i> fortress, a <i>tenable</i>
argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you have hitherto concealed his sight,<BR>
Let it be <i>tenable</i> in your silence still.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I would be the last man in the world to give up his cause
when it was <i>tenable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten`a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Tenability</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tenace</i> tenacious,
demeurer <i>tenace</i> to hold the best and third best cards and take both
tricks, and adversary having to lead. See <u>Tenacious</u>.] <i>(Whist)</i>
<def>The holding by the fourth hand of the best and third best cards of a
suit led; also, sometimes, the combination of best with third best card of
a suit in any hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*na"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tenax</i>, <i>-
acis</i>, from <i>tenere</i> to hold. See <u>Tenable</u>, and cf.
<u>Tenace</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Holding fast, or inclined to hold
fast; inclined to retain what is in possession; as, men <i>tenacious</i> of
their just rights.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Apt to retain; retentive; as, a <i>tenacious</i>
memory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having parts apt to adhere to each other;
cohesive; tough; as, steel is a <i>tenacious</i> metal; tar is more
<i>tenacious</i> than oil.</def>  <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Apt to adhere to another substance; glutinous;
viscous; sticking; adhesive.</def> "Female feet, too weak to struggle with
<i>tenacious</i> clay."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Niggardly; closefisted; miserly.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Holding stoutly to one's opinion or purpose;
obstinate; stubborn.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Te*na"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Te*na"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Te*nac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tenacitas</i>: cf.
F. <i>t&eacute;nacit&eacute;</i>. See <u>Tenacious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being tenacious; as, <i>tenacity</i>, or
retentiveness, of memory; <i>tenacity</i>, or persistency, of
purpose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That quality of bodies which keeps them from
parting without considerable force; cohesiveness; the effect of attraction;
-- as distinguished from <i>brittleness</i>, <i>fragility</i>,
<i>mobility</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That quality of bodies which makes them adhere
to other bodies; adhesiveness; viscosity.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The greatest longitudinal
stress a substance can bear without tearing asunder, -- usually expressed
with reference to a unit area of the cross section of the substance, as the
number of pounds per square inch, or kilograms per square centimeter,
necessary to produce rupture.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Te*nac"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Tenacula</b></plw> (#); E. <plw><b>Tenaculums</b></plw> (#). [L., a
holder, fr. <i>tenere</i> to hold.  Cf. <u>Tenaille</u>.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>An instrument consisting of a fine, sharp hook attached to a handle,
and used mainly for taking up arteries, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tenacia</i>
obstinacy. See <u>Tenacious</u>.] <def>Tenaciousness; obstinacy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te*naille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a pair of pincers or
tongs, a tenaille, fr. L. <i>tenaculum</i>. See <u>Tenaculum</u>.]
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>An outwork in the main ditch, in front of the curtain,
between two bastions. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ravelin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*nail"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Tenaille</u>.]
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A work constructed on each side of the ravelins, to
increase their strength, procure additional ground beyond the ditch, or
cover the shoulders of the bastions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tenacies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. OF. <i>tenace</i>, LL.
<i>tenentia</i>. See <u>Tenant</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A holding, or a mode of holding, an estate; tenure; the temporary
possession of what belongs to another.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(O.
Eng. Law)</i> <def>A house for habitation, or place to live in, held of
another.</def>  <i>Blount. Blackstone. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tenant</i>, p. pr. of
<i>tenir</i> to hold. See <u>Tenable</u>, and cf. <u>Lieutenant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who holds or possesses lands, or
other real estate, by any kind of right, whether in fee simple, in common,
in severalty, for life, for years, or at will; also, one who has the
occupation or temporary possession of lands or tenements the title of which
is in another; -- correlative to <i>landlord</i>. See Citation from
<i>Blackstone</i>, under <u>Tenement</u>, 2.</def>  <i>Blount.
Wharton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who has possession of any place; a dweller;
an occupant.</def> "Sweet <i>tenants</i> of this grove."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The hhappy <i>tenant</i> of your shade.</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sister <i>tenants</i> of the middle deep.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tenant in capite</b></col> [L. <i>in</i> in + <i>capite</i>,
abl. of <i>caput</i> head, chief.], or <col><b>Tenant in chief</b></col>,
<cd>by the laws of England, one who holds immediately of the king.
According to the feudal system, all lands in England are considered as held
immediately or mediately of the king, who is styled <i>lord paramount</i>.
Such tenants, however, are considered as having the fee of the lands and
permanent possession.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Tenant in
common</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Common</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tenanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tenanting</u>.] <def>To hold, occupy, or possess as a tenant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir Roger's estate is <i>tenanted</i> by persons who have
served him or his ancestors.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ant*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit to be rented;
in a condition suitable for a tenant.</def> -- <wf>Ten"ant*a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ant*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no tenants;
unoccupied; as, a <i>tenantless</i> mansion.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The body of tenants; as, the <i>tenantry</i> of a manor or a
kingdom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tenancy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ridley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ant saw`</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Tenon saw</i>, under
<u>Tenon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tench</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>tenche</i>, F.
<i>tanche</i>, L. <i>tinca</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European fresh-
water fish (<i>Tinca tinca</i>, or <i>T. vulgaris</i>) allied to the carp.
It is noted for its tenacity of life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Tender</u> to offer.]
<i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>To make a tender of; to offer or tender.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tend</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tending</u>.] [Aphetic
form of <i>attend</i>. See <u>Attend</u>, <u>Tend</u> to move, and cf.
<u>Tender</u> one that tends or attends.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
accompany as an assistant or protector; to care for the wants of; to look
after; to watch; to guard; as, shepherds <i>tend</i> their flocks.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And flaming ministers to watch and <i>tend</i><BR>
Their earthly charge.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There 's not a sparrow or a wren,<BR>
There 's not a blade of autumn grain,<BR>
Which the four seasons do not <i>tend</i><BR>
And tides of life and increase lend.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be attentive to; to note carefully; to attend
to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being to descend<BR>
A ladder much in height, I did not <i>tend</i><BR>
My way well down.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To tend a vessel</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to manage an
anchored vessel when the tide turns, so that in swinging she shall not
entangle the cable.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tend</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wait,
as attendants or servants; to serve; to attend; -- with <i>on</i> or
<i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Was he not companion with the riotous knights<BR>
That <i>tend</i> upon my father?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>attendre</i>.] <def>To await; to expect.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tend</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>tendre</i>, L.
<i>tendere</i>, <i>tensum</i> and <i>tentum</i>, to stretch, extend, direct
one's course, tend; akin to Gr. &?; to stretch, Skr. <i>tan</i>. See
<u>Thin</u>, and cf. <u>Tend</u> to attend, <u>Contend</u>, <u>Intense</u>,
<u>Ostensible</u>, <u>Portent</u>, <u>Tempt</u>, <u>Tender</u> to offer,
<u>Tense</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move in a
certain direction; -- usually with <i>to</i> or <i>towards</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two gentlemen <i>tending</i> towards that
sight.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus will this latter, as the former world,<BR>
Still <i>tend</i> from bad to worse.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The clouds above me to the white Alps
<i>tend</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be directed, as to any end, object, or
purpose; to aim; to have or give a leaning; to exert activity or influence;
to serve as a means; to contribute; as, our petitions, if granted, might
<i>tend</i> to our destruction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The thoughts of the diligent <i>tend</i> only to
plenteousness; but of every one that is hasty only to want.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xxi. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The laws of our religion <i>tend</i> to the universal
happiness of mankind.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tend"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tend</u> to attend,
and cf. <u>Attendance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of attending or
waiting; attendance.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The breath<BR>
Of her sweet <i>tendance</i> hovering over him.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Persons in attendance; attendants.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tend"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tendency.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tend"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tendencies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>tendents</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p.
pr. of <i>tendere</i>: cf. F. <i>tendance</i>. See <u>Tend</u> to move.]
<def>Direction or course toward any place, object, effect, or result;
drift; causal or efficient influence to bring about an effect or
result.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Writings of this kind, if conducted with candor, have a more
particular <i>tendency</i> to the good of their country.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In every experimental science, there is a <i>tendency</i>
toward perfection.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disposition; inclination; proneness; drift; scope;
aim.</p>

<p><hw>Tend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Tend</u> to attend.
Cf. <u>Attender</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who tends; one who takes
care of any person or thing; a nurse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vessel employed to attend other
vessels, to supply them with provisions and other stores, to convey
intelligence, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A car attached to a locomotive, for carrying a
supply of fuel and water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tendered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tendering</u>.] [F. <i>tendre</i> to stretch, stretch out, reach, L.
<i>tendere</i>. See <u>Tend</u> to move.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>To offer in payment or satisfaction of a demand, in order to save a
penalty or forfeiture; as, to <i>tender</i> the amount of rent or
debt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To offer in words; to present for
acceptance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You see how all conditions, how all minds, . . .
<i>tender</i> down<BR>
Their services to Lord Timon.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i>
<def>An offer, either of money to pay a debt, or of service to be
performed, in order to save a penalty or forfeiture, which would be
incurred by nonpayment or nonperformance; as, the <i>tender</i> of rent
due, or of the amount of a note, with interest.</def></p>

<p>&fist; To constitute a legal tender, such money must be offered as the
law prescribes. So also the tender must be at the time and place where the
rent or debt ought to be paid, and it must be to the full amount due.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any offer or proposal made for acceptance; as, a
<i>tender</i> of a loan, of service, or of friendship; a <i>tender</i> of a
bid for a contract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A free, unlimited <i>tender</i> of the gospel.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The thing offered; especially, money offered in
payment of an obligation.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Legal tender</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Legal</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Tender of issue</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a form of words in a
pleading, by which a party offers to refer the question raised upon it to
the appropriate mode of decision.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"der</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Tenderer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Tenderest</u>.] [F.
<i>tendre</i>, L. <i>tener</i>; probably akin to <i>tenuis</i> thin. See
<u>Thin</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easily impressed, broken, bruised, or
injured; not firm or hard; delicate; as, <i>tender</i> plants;
<i>tender</i> flesh; <i>tender</i> fruit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sensible to impression and pain; easily
pained.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our bodies are not naturally more <i>tender</i> than our
faces.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Physically weak; not hardly or able to endure
hardship; immature; effeminate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tender</i> and delicate woman among you.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. xxviii. 56.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Susceptible of the softer passions, as love,
compassion, kindness; compassionate; pitiful; anxious for another's good;
easily excited to pity, forgiveness, or favor; sympathetic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord is very pitiful, and of <i>tender</i>
mercy.</blockquote> <i>James v. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am choleric by my nature, and <i>tender</i> by my
temper.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Exciting kind concern; dear; precious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I love Valentine,<BR>
Whose life's as <i>tender</i> to me as my soul!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Careful to save inviolate, or not to injure; --
with <i>of</i>.</def> "<i>Tender</i> of property."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The civil authority should be <i>tender</i> of the honor of
God and religion.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Unwilling to cause pain; gentle; mild.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You, that are thus so <i>tender</i> o'er his follies,<BR>
Will never do him good.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to excite feeling or sympathy;
expressive of the softer passions; pathetic; as, <i>tender</i> expressions;
<i>tender</i> expostulations; a <i>tender</i> strain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Apt to give pain; causing grief or pain;
delicate; as, a <i>tender</i> subject.</def> "Things that are <i>tender</i>
and unpleasing."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Heeling over too easily when
under sail; -- said of a vessel.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Tender</i> is sometimes used in the formation of self-
explaining compounds; as, <i>tender</i>-footed, <i>tender</i>-looking,
<i>tender</i>-minded, <i>tender</i>-mouthed, and the like.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Delicate; effeminate; soft; sensitive; compassionate;
kind; humane; merciful; pitiful.</p>

<p><hw>Ten"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tendre</i>.]
<def>Regard; care; kind concern.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To have a care of; to be
tender toward; hence, to regard; to esteem; to value.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For first, next after life, he <i>tendered</i> her
good.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tender</i> yourself more dearly.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To see a prince in want would move a miser's charity. Our
western princes <i>tendered</i> his case, which they counted might be their
own.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"der*foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A delicate person;
one not inured to the hardship and rudeness of pioneer life.</def> [Slang,
Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ten"der-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having great
sensibility; susceptible of impressions or influence; affectionate;
pitying; sensitive.</def> -- <wf>Ten"der-heart`ed*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Ten"der-heart`ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Rehoboam was young and <i>tender-hearted</i>, and could not
withstand them.</blockquote> <i>2 Chron. xiii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be ye kind one to another, <i>tender-
hearted</i>.</blockquote> <i>Eph. iv. 32.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"der-heft`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having great
tenderness; easily moved.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"der*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One made tender by too much kindness; a fondling.</def> [R.]  <i>W.
Harrison (1586).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the first antlers of
a deer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"der*loin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strip of tender
flesh on either side of the vertebral column under the short ribs, in the
hind quarter of beef and pork. It consists of the psoas muscles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"der*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tender manner;
with tenderness; mildly; gently; softly; in a manner not to injure or give
pain; with pity or affection; kindly.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"der*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being tender (in any sense of the adjective).</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Benignity; humanity; sensibility; benevolence; kindness;
pity; clemency; mildness; mercy.</p>

<p><hw>Ten"di*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tendineux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to a tendon; of the
nature of tendon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of tendons; sinewy; as, nervous and
<i>tendinous</i> parts of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tend"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Attendance;
care.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ten"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>tendere</i> to
stretch, extend. See <u>Tend</u> to move.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A tough
insensible cord, bundle, or band of fibrous connective tissue uniting a
muscle with some other part; a sinew.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tendon reflex</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>a kind of reflex
act in which a muscle is made to contract by a blow upon its tendon. Its
absence is generally a sign of disease. See <i>Knee jerk</i>, under
<u>Knee</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ten"don*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tendinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ten`do*syn`o*vi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Tendon</u>, and <u>Synovitis</u>.] <def>See
<u>Tenosynovitis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"drac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tenrec</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of small insectivores
of the family <i>Centetid&aelig;</i>, belonging to <i>Ericulus</i>,
<i>Echinope</i>, and related genera, native of Madagascar. They are more or
less spinose and resemble the hedgehog in habits. The rice tendrac
(<i>Oryzorictes hora</i>) is very injurious to rice crops. Some of the
species are called also <i>tenrec</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"dril</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Shortened fr. OF.
<i>tendrillon</i>, fr. F. <i>tendre</i> tender; hence, properly, the tender
branch or spring of a plant: cf. F. <i>tendrille</i>. See <u>Tender</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Tendron</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
slender, leafless portion of a plant by which it becomes attached to a
supporting body, after which the tendril usually contracts by coiling
spirally.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Tendrils may represent the end of a stem, as in the grapevine; an
axillary branch, as in the passion flower; stipules, as in the genus
Smilax; or the end of a leaf, as in the pea.</p>

<p><! p. 1485 !></p>

<p><hw>Ten"dril</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clasping; climbing as a
tendril.</def> [R.]  <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ten"driled</hw>, <hw>Ten"drilled</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Furnished with tendrils, or with such or so many,
tendrils.</def> "The <i>thousand tendriled</i> vine."  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf. <u>Tendril</u>.]
<def>A tendril.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"dry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tender; an
offer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Heylin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See 1st and 2d
<u>Teen</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ten"e*br&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., pl.,
darkness.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The matins and lauds for the last three
days of Holy Week, commemorating the sufferings and death of Christ, --
usually sung on the afternoon or evening of Wednesday, Thursday, and
Friday, instead of on the following days.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*neb"ri*cose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tenebricosus</i>.] <def>Tenebrous; dark; gloomy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ten`e*brif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tenebrae</i>
darkness + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Rendering dark or gloomy;
tenebrous; gloomy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It lightens, it brightens,<BR>
The <i>tenebrific</i> scene.</blockquote> <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where light<BR>
Lay fitful in a <i>tenebrific</i> time.</blockquote> <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten`e*brif"ic*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Tenebrific.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Authors who are <i>tenebrificous</i> stars.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te*ne"bri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tenebrous.</def>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"e*brose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Characterized by
darkness or gloom; tenebrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten`e*bros"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being tenebrous; tenebrousness.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"e*brous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tenebrosus</i>,
fr. <i>tenebrae</i> darkness: cf. F. <i>t&eacute;n&eacute;breux</i>.]
<def>Dark; gloomy; dusky; tenebrious.</def> -- <wf>Ten"e*brous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The most dark, <i>tenebrous</i> night.</blockquote> <i>J.
Hall (1565).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The towering and <i>tenebrous</i> boughts of the
cypress.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"e*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>tenement</i> a
holding, a fief, F. <i>t&egrave;nement</i>, LL. <i>tenementum</i>, fr. L.
<i>tenere</i> to hold. See <u>Tenant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Feud.
Law)</i> <def>That which is held of another by service; property which one
holds of a lord or proprietor in consideration of some military or
pecuniary service; fief; fee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Common Law)</i> <def>Any species of permanent
property that may be held, so as to create a tenancy, as lands, houses,
rents, commons, an office, an advowson, a franchise, a right of common, a
peerage, and the like; -- called also <i>free or frank
tenements</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The thing held is a <i>tenement</i>, the possessor of it a
"tenant," and the manner of possession is called "tenure."</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dwelling house; a building for a habitation;
also, an apartment, or suite of rooms, in a building, used by one family;
often, a house erected to be rented.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Dwelling; abode; habitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who has informed us that a rational soul can inhabit no
<i>tenement</i>, unless it has just such a sort of
frontispiece?</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tenement house</b></col>, <cd>commonly, a dwelling house erected
for the purpose of being rented, and divided into separate apartments or
tenements for families. The term is often applied to apartment houses
occupied by poor families.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- House; dwelling; habitation.  -- <u>Tenement</u>,
<u>House</u>. There may be many <i>houses</i> under one roof, but they are
completely separated from each other by party walls. A <i>tenement</i> may
be detached by itself, or it may be part of a house divided off for the use
of a family.</p>

<p><hw>Ten`e*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a tenement; capable of being held by tenants.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten`e*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
leased; held by tenants.</def>  <i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tenent</i> they hold,
3d pers. pl. pres. of <i>tenere</i>.] <def>A tenet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tener</i>, <i>-
eris</i>, tender, delicate.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, a condition assumed by the imago of certain Neuroptera, after
exclusion from the pupa. In this state the insect is soft, and has not
fully attained its mature coloring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten`er*iffe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A white wine
resembling Madeira in taste, but more tart, produced in Teneriffe, one of
the Canary Islands; -- called also <i>Vidonia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*ner"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>teneritas</i>. See
<u>Tender</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Tenderness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te*nes"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to tenesmus; characterized by tenesmus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Te*nes"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to stretch: cf. L. <i>tenesmos</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An urgent and
distressing sensation, as if a discharge from the intestines must take
place, although none can be effected; -- always referred to the lower
extremity of the rectum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vesical tenesmus</b></col>, <cd>a similar sensation as to the
evacuation of urine, referred to the region of the bladder.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ten"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tenet</i> he holds, fr.
<i>tenere</i> to hold. See <u>Tenable</u>.] <def>Any opinion, principle,
dogma, belief, or doctrine, which a person holds or maintains as true; as,
the <i>tenets</i> of Plato or of Cicero.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That al animals of the land are in their kind in the sea, .
. . is a <i>tenet</i> very questionable.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The religious <i>tenets</i> of his family he had early
renounced with contempt.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dogma; doctrine; opinion; principle; position. See
<u>Dogma</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ten"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>In tens;
consisting of ten in one; ten times repeated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The grisly Terror . . . grew <i>tenfold</i><BR>
More dreadful and deform.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Te"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>See
<u>T&aelig;nia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te"ni*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>T&aelig;noid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"nant*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Smithson
<i>Tennant</i>, an English chemist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A blackish lead-
gray mineral, closely related to tetrahedrite. It is essentially a sulphide
of arsenic and copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ten`n&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tawny</u>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>A tincture, rarely employed, which is considered as an
orange color or bright brown. It is represented by diagonal lines from
sinister to dexter, crossed by vertical lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"nis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tennes</i>,
<i>tenies</i>, <i>tenyse</i>; of uncertain origin, perhaps fr. F.
<i>tenez</i> hold or take it, fr. <i>tenir</i> to hold (see
<u>Tenable</u>).] <def>A play in which a ball is driven to and fro, or kept
in motion by striking it with a racket or with the open hand.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His easy bow, his good stories, his style of dancing and
playing <i>tennis</i>, . . . were familiar to all London.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Court tennis</b></col>, <cd>the old game of tennis as played
within walled courts of peculiar construction; -- distinguished from
<i>lawn tennis</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lawn tennis</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Lawn</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Tennis court</b></col>,
<cd>a place or court for playing the game of tennis.</cd> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"nis</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drive backward and
forward, as a ball in playing tennis.</def> [R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"nu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
tapir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"-o'*clock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant, the star-of-Bethlehem. See under <u>Star</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>tenir</i> to hold.
See <u>Tenable</u>.] <i>(Carp. &amp; Join.)</i> <def>A projecting member left
by cutting away the wood around it, and made to insert into a mortise, and
in this way secure together the parts of a frame; especially, such a member
when it passes entirely through the thickness of the piece in which the
mortise is cut, and shows on the other side.  Cf. <u>Tooth</u>,
<u>Tusk</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tenon saw</b></col>, <cd>a saw with a thin blade, usually
stiffened by a brass or steel back, for cutting tenons.</cd> [Corruptly
written <i>tenant saw</i>.] <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"on</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut or fit for
insertion into a mortise, as the end of a piece of timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*no"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Discovered or described by M. <i>Tenon</i>, a French
anatomist.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tenonian capsule</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a lymphatic space
inclosed by a delicate membrane or fascia (the <i>fascia of Tenon</i>)
between the eyeball and the fat of the orbit; -- called also <i>capsule of
Tenon</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ten"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from <i>tenere</i> to
hold; hence, properly, a holding on in a continued course: cf. F.
<i>teneur</i>. See <u>Tenable</u>, and cf. <u>Tenor</u> a kind of voice.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state of holding on in a continuous course;
manner of continuity; constant mode; general tendency; course;
career.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Along the cool sequestered vale of life<BR>
They kept the noiseless <i>tenor</i> of their away.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That course of thought which holds on through a
discourse; the general drift or course of thought; purport; intent;
meaning; understanding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When it [the bond] is paid according to the
<i>tenor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Does not the whole <i>tenor</i> of the divine law positively
require humility and meekness to all men?</blockquote> <i>Spart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Stamp; character; nature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This success would look like chance, if it were perpetual,
and always of the same <i>tenor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An exact copy of a writing, set
forth in the words and figures of it. It differs from <i>purport</i>, which
is only the substance or general import of the instrument.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [F. <i>t&eacute;nor</i>, L. <i>tenor</i>, properly, a
holding; -- so called because the tenor was the voice which took and held
the principal part, the plain song, air, or tune, to which the other voices
supplied a harmony above and below: cf. It. <i>tenore</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The higher of the two kinds of voices usually
belonging to adult males; hence, the part in the harmony adapted to this
voice; the second of the four parts in the scale of sounds, reckoning from
the base, and originally the air, to which the other parts were
auxillary.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A person who sings the tenor, or
the instrument that play it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Old Tenor</b></col>, <col><b>New Tenor</b></col>, <col><b>Middle
Tenor</b></col>, <cd>different descriptions of paper money, issued at
different periods, by the American colonial governments in the last
century.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ten`o*syn`o*vi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>te`nwn</grk> a tendon + E. <i>synovitis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of the synovial sheath enveloping a tendon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"o*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A
slender knife for use in the operation of tenotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*not"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>te`nwn</grk> a
tendon + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The division of a
tendon, or the act of dividing a tendon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"pen*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Valued or sold at ten
pence; as, a <i>tenpenny</i> cake. See 2d <u>Penny</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"pen*ny</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Denoting a size of nails.
See 1st <u>Penny</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"pins</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game resembling
ninepins, but played with ten pins. See <u>Ninepins</u>.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ten"-pound`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large oceanic fish (<i>Elops saurus</i>) found in the tropical parts
of all the oceans. It is used chiefly for bait.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"rec</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name: cf. F.
<i>tanrac</i>, <i>tanrec</i>, <i>tandrec</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small insectivore (<i>Centetes ecaudatus</i>), native of Madagascar, but
introduced also into the islands of Bourbon and Mauritius; -- called also
<i>tanrec</i>. The name is applied to other allied genera. See
<u>Tendrac</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tense</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>tens</i>, properly,
time, F. <i>temps</i> time, tense. See <u>Temporal</u> of time, and cf.
<u>Thing</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>One of the forms which a verb takes by
inflection or by adding auxiliary words, so as to indicate the time of the
action or event signified; the modification which verbs undergo for the
indication of time.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The primary simple tenses are three: those which express time
<i>past</i>, <i>present</i>, and <i>future</i>; but these admit of
modifications, which differ in different languages.</p>

<p><hw>Tense</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tensus</i>, p. p. of
<i>tendere</i> to stretch. See <u>Tend</u> to move, and cf. <u>Toise</u>.]
<def>Stretched tightly; strained to stiffness; rigid; not lax; as, a
<i>tense</i> fiber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The temples were sunk, her forehead was <i>tense</i>, and a
fatal paleness was upon her.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Tense"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Tense"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ten`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being tensible; tensility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Tense</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Capable of being extended or drawn out; ductile;
tensible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gold . . . is likewise the most flexible and
<i>tensible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Tense</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
extension; as, <i>tensile</i> strength.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of extension; ductile; tensible.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"siled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made tensile.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ten*sil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being tensile, or capable of extension; tensibility; as, the
<i>tensility</i> of the muscles.</def>  <i>Dr. H. Mere.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tensio</i>, from
<i>tendere</i>, <i>tensum</i>, to stretch: cf. F. <i>tension</i>. See
<u>Tense</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
stretching or straining; the state of being stretched or strained to
stiffness; the state of being bent strained; as, the <i>tension</i> of the
muscles, <i>tension</i> of the larynx.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Extreme strain of mind or excitement of
feeling; intense effort.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The degree of stretching to which a wire, cord,
piece of timber, or the like, is strained by drawing it in the direction of
its length; strain.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The force by which a part is
pulled when forming part of any system in equilibrium or in motion; as, the
<i>tension</i> of a srting supporting a weight equals that
weight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A device for checking the delivery of the thread
in a sewing machine, so as to give the stitch the required degree of
tightness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Expansive force; the force with
which the particles of a body, as a gas, tend to recede from each other and
occupy a larger space; elastic force; elasticity; as, the <i>tension</i> of
vapor; the <i>tension</i> of air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The quality in consequence of
which an electric charge tends to discharge itself, as into the air by a
spark, or to pass from a body of greater to one of less electrical
potential. It varies as the quantity of electricity upon a given
area.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tension brace</b></col>, or <col><b>Tension member</b></col>
<i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>a brace or member designed to resist tension, or
subjected to tension, in a structure.</cd> -- <col><b>Tension rod</b></col>
<i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>an iron rod used as a tension member to strengthen
timber or metal framework, roofs, or the like.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ten"sioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Extended or drawn
out; subjected to tension.</def> "A highly <i>tensioned</i> string."
<i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being tense, or strained to stiffness; tension; tenseness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tensif</i>. See
<u>Tense</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Giving the sensation of tension,
stiffness, or contraction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>tensive</i> pain from distension of the
parts.</blockquote> <i>Floyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Tension</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle that stretches a part, or
renders it tense.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The ratio of one vector to
another in length, no regard being had to the direction of the two vectors;
-- so called because considered as a <i>stretching</i> factor in changing
one vector into another. See <u>Versor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"-strike`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Tenpins)</i> <def>A knocking down of all ten pins at one delivery of
the ball.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any quick, decisive stroke or act.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ten"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tensura</i>. See
<u>Tension</u>.] <def>Tension.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>tinto</i>, properly,
deep-colored, fr. L. <i>tinctus</i>, p. p. of <i>tingere</i> to dye. See
<u>Tinge</u>, and cf. <u>Tint</u>, <u>Tinto</u>.] <def>A kind of wine of a
deep red color, chiefly from Galicia or Malaga in Spain; -- called also
<i>tent wine</i>, and <i>tinta</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Attent</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Attention; regard,
care.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intention; design.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To attend to; to heed;
hence, to guard; to hinder.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>tenter</i>. See
<u>Tempt</u>.] <def>To probe or to search with a tent; to keep open with a
tent; as, to <i>tent</i> a wound. Used also figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>tent</i> him to the quick.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tente</i>. See <u>Tent</u> to
probe.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A roll of lint or linen, or
a conical or cylindrical piece of sponge or other absorbent, used chiefly
to dilate a natural canal, to keep open the orifice of a wound, or to
absorb discharges.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A probe for searching a
wound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tent</i> that searches<BR>
To the bottom of the worst.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1486 !></p>

<p><hw>Tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tente</i>, F.
<i>tente</i>, LL. <i>tenta</i>, fr. L. <i>tendere</i>, <i>tentum</i>, to
stretch. See <u>Tend</u> to move, and cf. <u>Tent</u> a roll of lint.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pavilion or portable lodge consisting of skins,
canvas, or some strong cloth, stretched and sustained by poles, -- used for
sheltering persons from the weather, especially soldiers in camp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Within his <i>tent</i>, large as is a barn.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The representation of a tent used
as a bearing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tent bed</b></col>, <cd>a high-post bedstead curtained with a
tentlike canopy.</cd> -- <col><b>Tent caterpillar</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of gregarious
caterpillars which construct on trees large silken webs into which they
retreat when at rest. Some of the species are very destructive to fruit
trees. The most common American species is the larva of a bombycid moth
(<i>Clisiocampa Americana</i>). Called also <i>lackery caterpillar</i>, and
<i>webworm</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tent</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tenting</u>.] <def>To
lodge as a tent; to tabernacle.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We 're <i>tenting</i> to-night on the old camp
ground.</blockquote> <i>W. Kittredge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ta*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>tentaculum</i>,
from L. <i>tentare</i> to handle, feel: cf. F. <i>tentacule</i>. See
<u>Tempt</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A more or less elongated process or
organ, simple or branched, proceeding from the head or cephalic region of
invertebrate animals, being either an organ of sense, prehension, or
motion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tentacle sheath</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a sheathlike
structure around the base of the tentacles of many mollusks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ta*cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having tentacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten*tac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tentaculaire</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a
tentacle or tentacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ten*tac`u*la"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Ctenophora including those which
have two long tentacles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ten*tac"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Ten*tac"u*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having tentacles, or organs
like tentacles; tentacled.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ten`ta*cu*lif"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Suctoria</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten`ta*cu*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Tentaculum</i> + <i>-ferous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing or
bearing tentacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten`ta*cu"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Shaped like a tentacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten*tac"u*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of small, conical fossil shells found in
Paleozoic rocks. They are supposed to be pteropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten*tac"u*lo*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tentaculum</i>
+ <i>cyst</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the auditory organs of
certain medus&aelig;; -- called also <i>auditory tentacle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ten*tac"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tentacula</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Tentacle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tentacle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the stiff hairs situated
about the mouth, or on the face, of many animals, and supposed to be
tactile organs; a tactile hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tent"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Tent</u> a
pavilion.] <def>A collection of tents; an encampment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tentatio</i>: cf.
F. <i>tentation</i>. See <u>Temptation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Trial;
temptation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A mode of adjusting or operating
by repeated trials or experiments.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten*ta"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tentare</i> to
try: cf. F. <i>tentatif</i>. See <u>Tempt</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
trial or trials; essaying; experimental.</def> "A slow, <i>tentative</i>
manner." <i>Carlyle.</i> -- <wf>Ten*ta"tive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ten*ta"tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tentative</i>.]
<def>An essay; a trial; an experiment.</def>  <i>Berkley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tent"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
tents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who takes care of, or tends, machines in a factory; a kind of assistant
foreman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A kind of governor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tenture</i>,
<i>tentoure</i>, OF. <i>tenture</i> a stretching, spreading, F.
<i>tenture</i> hangings, tapestry, from L. <i>tendere</i>, <i>tentum</i>,
to stretch. See <u>Tend</u> to move.] <def>A machine or frame for
stretching cloth by means of hooks, called <i>tenter-hooks</i>, so that it
may dry even and square.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tenter ground</b></col>, <cd>a place where tenters are
erected.</cd> -- <col><b>Tenter-hook</b></col>, <cd>a sharp, hooked nail
used for fastening cloth on a tenter.</cd> -- <col><b>To be on the
tenters</b></col>, or <col><b>on the tenter-hooks</b></col>, <cd>to be on
the stretch; to be in distress, uneasiness, or suspense.</cd>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tentered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tentering</u>.] <def>To admit extension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Woolen cloth will <i>tenter</i>, linen
scarcely.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hang or stretch on, or
as on, tenters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tent"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tentfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much, or as many, as a tent will
hold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tenth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Ten</u>: cf. OE.
<i>tethe</i>, AS. <i>te&oacute;&?;a</i>. See <u>Ten</u>, and cf.
<u>Tithe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next in order after the ninth;
coming after nine others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of ten equal parts
into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tenth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
next in order after the ninth; one coming after nine others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quotient of a unit divided by ten; one of
ten equal parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The tenth part of annual produce, income,
increase, or the like; a tithe.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The interval between any tone and
the tone represented on the tenth degree of the staff above it, as between
one of the scale and three of the octave above; the octave of the
third.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A temporary aid issuing out of personal property, and granted to the
king by Parliament; formerly, the real tenth part of all the movables
belonging to the subject.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Eccl. Law)</i>
<def>The tenth part of the annual profit of every living in the kingdom,
formerly paid to the pope, but afterward transferred to the crown. It now
forms a part of the fund called <i>Queen Anne's Bounty</i>.</def>
  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tenth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tenth
manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tenth"me`ter</hw>, <hw>Tenth"me`tre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A unit for the measurement of
many small lengths, such that 10<sup>10</sup> of these units make one
meter; the ten millionth part of a millimeter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ten`thre*din"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; a kind of wasp.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of Hymneoptera
comprising the sawflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"tif</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Attentive.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten"tif*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Attentively.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten*tig"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tentigo</i>,
<i>-inis</i>, a tension, lecherousness, fr. <i>tendere</i>, <i>tentum</i>,
to stretch.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Stiff; stretched; strained.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lustful, or pertaining to lust.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tent"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose occupation
it is to make tents.</def>  <i>Acts xviii. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ten*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a tent.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A fold of the dura mater which separates the cerebellum
from the cerebrum and often incloses a process or plate of the skull called
the <i>bony tentorium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tent"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tentorium</i> a
tent.] <def>The awning or covering of a tent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tent"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind
of small fern, the wall rue. See under <u>Wall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tenuated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tenuating</u>.] [L. <i>tenuatus</i>, p. p. of <i>tenuare</i> to make
thin, fr. <i>tenuis</i> thin. See <u>Tenuous</u>.] <def>To make thin; to
attenuate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ten`u*i*fo"li*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tenuis</i>
thin + <i>folium</i> a leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having thin or narrow
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*nu"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Tenuous</u>.]
<def>Rare or subtile; tenuous; -- opposed to <i>dense</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten`u*i*ros"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tenuirosters</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>tenuis</i> thin +
<i>rostrum</i> a beak.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Tenuirostres.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten`u*i*ros"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Thin-billed; -- applied to birds with a slender bill, as the humming
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ten`u*i*ros"tres</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An artificial group of passerine birds having
slender bills, as the humming birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ten"u*is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tenues</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>tenuis</i> fine, thin. See
<u>Tenuous</u>.] <i>(Gr. Gram.)</i> <def>One of the three surd mutes
&kappa;, &pi;, &tau;; -- so called in relation to their respective middle
letters, or medials, &gamma;, &beta;, &delta;, and their aspirates, &chi;,
&phi;, &theta;. The term is also applied to the corresponding letters and
articulate elements in other languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*nu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tenuitas</i>, from
<i>tenuis</i> thin: cf. F. <i>t&eacute;nuit&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Tenuous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
tenuous; thinness, applied to a broad substance; slenderness, applied to
anything that is long; as, the <i>tenuity</i> of a leaf; the <i>tenuity</i>
of a hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rarily; rareness; thinness, as of a fluid; as,
the <i>tenuity</i> of the air; the <i>tenuity</i> of the blood.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Poverty; indigence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Eikon
Basilike.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Refinement; delicacy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tenuis</i> thin. See
<u>Thin</u>, and cf. <u>Tenuis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thin; slender;
small; minute.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rare; subtile; not dense; -- said of
fluids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tenure</i>, OF.
<i>teneure</i>, fr. F. <i>tenir</i> to hold. See <u>Tenable</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or right of holding, as property,
especially real estate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That the <i>tenure</i> of estates might rest on equity, the
Indian title to lands was in all cases to be quieted.</blockquote>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The manner of holding lands
and tenements of a superior.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Tenure is inseparable from the idea of property in land,
according to the theory of the English law; and this idea of tenure
pervades, to a considerable extent, the law of real property in the United
States, where the title to land is essentially allodial, and almost all
lands are held in fee simple, not of a superior, but the whole right and
title to the property being vested in the owner. Tenure, in general, then,
is the particular manner of holding real estate, as by exclusive title or
ownership, by fee simple, by fee tail, by courtesy, in dower, by copyhold,
by lease, at will, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The consideration, condition, or service which
the occupier of land gives to his lord or superior for the use of his
land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Manner of holding, in general; as, in absolute
governments, men hold their rights by a precarious <i>tenure</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that seems thine own,<BR>
Held by the <i>tenure</i> of his will alone.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tenure by fee alms</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See
<u>Frankalmoigne</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Te`o*cal"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Teocallis</b></plw> (#). [Mexican.] <def>Literally, God's house; a
temple, usually of pyramidal form, such as were built by the aborigines of
Mexico, Yucatan, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Aztec priests upon their <i>teocallis</i><BR>
Beat the wild war-drums made of serpent's skin.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te`o*sin"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
large grass (<i>Euchl&aelig;na luxurians</i>) closely related to maize. It
is native of Mexico and Central America, but is now cultivated for fodder
in the Southern United States and in many warm countries. Called also
<i>Guatemala grass</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tep"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>t&eacute;pale</i>, fr.
<i>p&eacute;tale</i>, by transposition.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A division of a
perianth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tep*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Indian wigwam or
tent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tep`e*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
tepefying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tep"e*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tepefied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tepefying</u> (?).] [L. <i>tepere</i> to be tepid + <i>-fy</i>; cf. L.
<i>tepefacere</i>. See <u>Tepid</u>.] <def>To make or become tepid, or
moderately warm.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teph"ra*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; ashes + <i>-
mancy</i>.] <def>Divination by the ashes of the altar on which a victim had
been consumed in sacrifice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teph"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; ashes.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An igneous rock consisting essentially of plagioclase
and either leucite or nephelite, or both.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teph"ro*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tephrosia</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A silicate of manganese of an ash-gray color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Te*phro"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; ash-
colored, from &?; ashes.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of leguminous shrubby
plants and herbs, mostly found in tropical countries, a few herbaceous
species being North American. The foliage is often ashy-pubescent, whence
the name.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Tephrosia toxicaria</i> is used in the West Indies and in
Polynesia for stupefying fish. <i>T</i>. <i>purpurea</i> is used
medicinally in the East Indies. <i>T</i>. <i>Virginia</i> is the goat's rue
of the United States.</p>

<p><hw>Tep"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tepidus</i>, fr.
<i>tepere</i> to be warm; akin to Skr. <i>tap</i> to be warm, <i>tapas</i>
heat.] <def>Moderately warm; lukewarm; as, a <i>tepid</i> bath;
<i>tepid</i> rays; <i>tepid</i> vapors.</def> -- <wf>Tep"id*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Te*pid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>t&eacute;pidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being tepid;
moderate warmth; lukewarmness; tepidness.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te"por</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>tepere</i> to be
tepid.] <def>Gentle heat; moderate warmth; tepidness.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te*qui"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An intoxicating liquor
made from the maguey in the district of Tequila, Mexico.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from L. <i>ter</i> signifying
<i>three times</i>, <i>thrice</i>. See <u>Tri-</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`a*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ter</i>ebic +
citr<i>aconic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an
acid obtained by the distillation of terebic acid, and homologous with
citraconic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`a*cryl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Ter</i>pene +
<i>acrylic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an
acid of the acrylic series, obtained by the distillation of terpenylic
acid, as an only substance having a peculiar cheesy odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"aph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Teraphs</b></plw> (&?;). <def>See <u>Teraphim</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"a*phim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>ter&amacr;ph&imacr;m</i>.] <def>Images connected with the magical rites
used by those Israelites who added corrupt practices to the patriarchal
religion. Teraphim were consulted by the Israelites for oracular
answers.</def>  <i>Dr. W. Smith (Bib. Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"a*pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Terrapin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*rat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a wonder.]
<def>Wonderful; ominous; prodigious.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wollaston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter`a*tog"e*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
wonder, monster + the root of &?; to be born.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
formation of monsters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"a*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, monster +
<i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling a monster; abnormal; of a pathological
growth, exceedingly complex or highly organized.</def>  <i>S. D.
Gross.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter`a*to*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to teratology; as, <i>teratological</i>
changes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`a*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
wonder, monster + <i>-logy</i>: cf. Gr. &?; a telling of wonders, and F.
<i>t&eacute;ratologie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That branch of
biological science which treats of monstrosities, malformations, or
deviations from the normal type of structure, either in plants or
animals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affectation of sublimity; bombast.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter`a*to"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;,
monster + <i>-oma</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor, sometimes found in
newborn children, which is made up of a heterigenous mixture of tissues, as
of bone, cartilage and muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or containing, terbium; also, designating certain of its
compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"bi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Yt<i>terby</i>,
in Sweden. See <u>Erbium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element,
of uncertain identification, supposed to exist in certain minerals, as
gadolinite and samarskite, with other rare ytterbium earth. Symbol Tr or
Tb. Atomic weight 150.</def></p>

<p><hw>Terce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tierce</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Tiercel</u>.
Called also <i>tarsel</i>, <i>tassel</i>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Terce"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
male hawk or eagle; a tiercelet.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"cel*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small male hawk.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter*cen"te*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ter</i>
thirce + E. <i>centenary</i>.] <def>Including, or relating to, an interval
of three hundred years.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The three
hundredth anniversary of any event; also, a celebration of such an
anniversary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It. <i>terzetto</i>,
dim. of <i>terzo</i>, third, L. <i>tertius</i>. See <u>Tierce</u>, and cf.
<u>Terzetto</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A triplet.</def>
<i>Hiles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Poetry)</i> <def>A triplet; a group of three
lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L. <i>tertius</i>
the third.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cellular layer derived from the nucleus of
an ovule and surrounding the embryo sac.  Cf. <u>Quintine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"e*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A salt of terebic
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"e*bene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
polymeric modification of terpene, obtained as a white crystalline
camphorlike substance; -- called also <i>camphene</i>. By extension, any
one of a group of related substances.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1487 !></p>

<p><hw>Ter`e*ben"thene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Oil of turpentine. See <u>Turpentine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*reb"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, terbenthene (oil of turpentine);
specifically, designating an acid,
C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, obtained by the oxidation of
terbenthene with nitric acid, as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`e*bi*len"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a complex acid,
C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, obtained as a white crystalline
substance by a modified oxidation of terebic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"e*binth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>terbinthus</i>,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>t&eacute;r&eacute;binthe</i>.  Cf. <u>Turpentine</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The turpentine tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`e*bin"thic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to turpentine; resembling turpentine; terbinthine; as,
<i>terbinthic</i> qualities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`e*bin"thi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impregnating
with the qualities of turpentine; terbinthine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`e*bin"thine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>terbinthinus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to turpentine;
consisting of turpentine, or partaking of its qualities.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ter"e*bra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Terebras</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Terebr&aelig;</b></plw> (#).
[L., a borer.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
marine gastropods having a long, tapering spire. They belong to the
Toxoglossa. Called also <i>auger shell</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The boring ovipositor of a
hymenopterous insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"e*brant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>terebrans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Boring, or adapted for
boring; -- said of certain Hymenoptera, as the sawflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ter`e*bran"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Hymenoptera including those which
have an ovipositor adapted for perforating plants. It includes the
sawflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"e*brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>terebratus</i>,
p. p. of <i>terebrare</i>, from <i>terebra</i> a borer, <i>terere</i> to
rub.] <def>To perforate; to bore; to pierce.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"e*bra`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Boring; perforating; -- applied to molluskas which
form holes in rocks, wood, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Boring; piercing; -- applied to
certain kinds of pain, especially to those of locomotor ataxia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`e*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>terebratio</i>.] <def>The act of terebrating, or boring.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ter`e*brat"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Terebratul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [Nl., dim. fr. <i>terebratus</i>,
p. p., perforated.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of brachiopods which
includes many living and some fossil species. The larger valve has a
perforated beak, through which projects a short peduncle for attachment.
Called also <i>lamp shell</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`e*brat"u*lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of Terebratula or allied genera. Used also
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`e*bra*tu"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the general form of a terebratula
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"e*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>t&eacute;r&eacute;dine</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A borer; the
teredo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*re"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Teredos</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Teredines</b></plw> (#). [L., a
worm that gnaws wood, clothes, etc.; akin to Gr. &?;, L. <i>terere</i> to
rub.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of long, slender, wormlike bivalve
mollusks which bore into submerged wood, such as the piles of wharves,
bottoms of ships, etc.; -- called also <i>shipworm</i>. See
<u>Shipworm</u>. See <i>Illust.</i> in App.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter*eph"tha*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of terephthalic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`eph*thal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tere</i>bene +
<i>phthalic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a
dibasic acid of the aromatic series, metameric with phthalic acid, and
obtained, as a tasteless white crystalline powder, by the oxidation of oil
of turpentine; -- called also <i>paraphthalic acid</i>.  Cf.
<u>Phthalic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Round; terete.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te*rete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>teres</i>, <i>-
etis</i>, rounded off, properly, rubbed off, fr. <i>terere</i> to rub.]
<def>Cylindrical and slightly tapering; columnar, as some stems of
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*re"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Terete</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Rounded; as, the <i>teretial</i> tracts in the floor of
the fourth ventricle of the brain of some fishes.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"e*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Terete.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ter"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tergum</i> the back.]
<i>(Anat. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to back, or tergum. See
<u>Dorsal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Showing
the back; as, the eagle <i>tergant</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>tergiant</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ter*gem"i*nal</hw> (?), <hw>Ter*gem"i*nate</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Tergeminous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Thrice
twin; having three pairs of leaflets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter*gem"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tergeminus</i>;
<i>ter</i> thrice + <i>geminus</i> doubled at birth, twin-born.  Cf.
<u>Trigeminous</u>.] <def>Threefold; thrice-paired.</def>
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter*gif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tergum</i> the
back + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Carrying or bearing upon the back.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tergiferous plants</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>plants which
bear their seeds on the back of their leaves, as ferns.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ter"gite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
dorsal portion of an arthromere or somite of an articulate animal. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Coleoptera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"gi*ver*sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tergiversatus</i>, p. p. of <i>tergiversari</i> to turn one's back, to
shift; <i>tergum</i> back + <i>versare</i>, freq. of <i>vertere</i> to
turn. See <u>Verse</u>.] <def>To shift; to practice evasion; to use
subterfuges; to shuffle.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter`gi*ver*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tergiversario</i>: cf. F. <i>tergiversation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of tergiversating; a shifting; shift; subterfuge;
evasion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Writing is to be preferred before verbal conferences, as
being freer from passions and <i>tergiversations</i>.</blockquote> <i>Abp.
Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fickleness of conduct; inconstancy;
change.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The colonel, after all his <i>tergiversations</i>, lost his
life in the king's service.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"gi*ver*sa`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
tergiversates; one who suffles, or practices evasion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ter"gum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Terga</b></plw> (#). [L., the back.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The back of an animal.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The dorsal piece of a somite of an articulate animal.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the dorsal plates of the operculum of a
cirriped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tarin</i>, Prov. F.
<i>tairin</i>, <i>t&eacute;rin</i>, probably from the Picard
<i>t&egrave;re</i> tender.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small yellow singing
bird, with an ash-colored head; the European siskin. Called also
<i>tarin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Term</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>terme</i>, L.
<i>termen</i>, <i>-inis</i>, <i>terminus</i>, a boundary limit, end; akin
to Gr. &?;, &?;. See <u>Thrum</u> a tuft, and cf. <u>Terminus</u>,
<u>Determine</u>, <u>Exterminate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
limits the extent of anything; limit; extremity; bound; boundary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Corruption is a reciprocal to generation, and they two are
as nature's two <i>terms</i>, or boundaries.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The time for which anything lasts; any limited
time; as, a <i>term</i> of five years; the <i>term</i> of life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In universities, schools, etc., a definite
continuous period during which instruction is regularly given to students;
as, the school year is divided into three <i>terms</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A point, line, or superficies,
that limits; as, a line is the <i>term</i> of a superficies, and a
superficies is the <i>term</i> of a solid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A fixed period of time; a
prescribed duration</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The limitation of
an estate; or rather, the whole time for which an estate is granted, as for
the term of a life or lives, or for a term of years.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A space of time granted to a debtor for
discharging his obligation.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The time in
which a court is held or is open for the trial of causes.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In England, there were formerly four terms in the year, during
which the superior courts were open: Hilary term, beginning on the 11th and
ending on the 31st of January; Easter term, beginning on the 15th of April,
and ending on the 8th of May; Trinity term, beginning on the 22d day of
May, and ending on the 12th of June; Michaelmas term, beginning on the 2d
and ending on the 25th day of November. The rest of the year was called
<i>vacation</i>. But this division has been practically abolished by the
Judicature Acts of 1873, 1875, which provide for the more convenient
arrangement of the terms and vacations.
    In the United States, the terms to be observed by the tribunals of
justice are prescribed by the statutes of Congress and of the several
States.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>The subject or the predicate of a
proposition; one of the three component parts of a syllogism, each one of
which is used twice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The subject and predicate of a proposition are, after
Aristotle, together called its <i>terms</i> or extremes.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The predicate of the conclusion is called the <i>major</i> term,
because it is the most general, and the subject of the conclusion is called
the <i>minor</i> term, because it is less general. These are called the
<i>extermes</i>; and the third term, introduced as a common measure between
them, is called the <i>mean</i> or <i>middle</i> term. Thus in the
following syllogism, --</p>

<p>Every vegetable is combustible;
Every tree is a vegetable;
Therefore every tree is combustible, -</p>

<p><i>combustible</i>, the predicate of the conclusion, is the major term;
<i>tree</i> is the minor term; <i>vegetable</i> is the middle term.</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A word or expression; specifically, one that has
a precisely limited meaning in certain relations and uses, or is peculiar
to a science, art, profession, or the like; as, a technical
<i>term</i>.</def> "<i>Terms</i> quaint of law."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In painting, the greatest beauties can not always be
expressed for want of <i>terms</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A quadrangular pillar, adorned on
the top with the figure of a head, as of a man, woman, or satyr; -- called
also <i>terminal figure</i>. See <u>Terminus</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2
and 3.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The pillar part frequently tapers downward, or is narrowest at
the base. <i>Terms</i> rudely carved were formerly used for landmarks or
boundaries. <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A member of a compound quantity;
as, <i>a</i> or <i>b</i> in <i>a + b</i>; <i>ab</i> or <i>cd</i> in <i>ab -
cd</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The menses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Propositions or
promises, as in contracts, which, when assented to or accepted by another,
settle the contract and bind the parties; conditions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>In Scotland, the time fixed for
the payment of rents.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Terms legal and conventional</i> in Scotland correspond to
<i>quarter days</i> in England and Ireland. There are two <i>legal
terms</i> -- Whitsunday, May 15, and Martinmas, Nov. 11; and two
<i>conventional terms</i> -- Candlemas, Feb. 2, and Lammas day, Aug. 1.
<i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A piece of carved work placed
under each end of the taffrail.</def>  <i>J. Knowels.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In term</b></col>, <cd>in set terms; in formal phrase.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I can not speak <i>in term</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Term fee</b></col> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, <cd>a
fee by the term, chargeable to a suitor, or by law fixed and taxable in the
costs of a cause for each or any term it is in court.</cd> -- <col><b>Terms
of a proportion</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the four members of which it
is composed.</cd> -- <col><b>To bring to terms</b></col>, <cd>to compel
(one) to agree, assent, or submit; to force (one) to come to terms.</cd> --
<col><b>To make terms</b></col>, <cd>to come to terms; to make an
agreement: to agree.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Limit; bound; boundary; condition; stipulation; word;
expression.  -- <u>Term</u>, <u>Word</u>. These are more frequently
interchanged than almost any other vocables that occur of the language.
There is, however, a difference between them which is worthy of being kept
in mind. <i>Word</i> is generic; it denotes an utterance which represents
or expresses our thoughts and feelings. <i>Term</i> originally denoted one
of the two essential members of a proposition in logic, and hence signifies
a word of specific meaning, and applicable to a definite class of objects.
Thus, we may speak of a scientific or a technical <i>term</i>, and of
stating things in distinct <i>terms</i>. Thus we say, "the <i>term</i>
minister literally denotes servant;" "an exact definition of <i>terms</i>
is essential to clearness of thought;" "no <i>term</i> of reproach can
sufficiently express my indignation;" "every art has its peculiar and
distinctive <i>terms</i>," etc. So also we say, "purity of style depends on
the choice of <i>words</i>, and precision of style on a clear understanding
of the <i>terms</i> used." <i>Term</i> is chiefly applied to verbs, nouns,
and adjectives, these being capable of standing as terms in a logical
proposition; while prepositions and conjunctions, which can never be so
employed, are rarely spoken of as <i>terms</i>, but simply as
<i>words</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Term</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Termed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Terming</u>.] [See <u>Term</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Terminate</u>.] <def>To apply a term to; to name; to call; to
denominate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men <i>term</i> what is beyond the limits of the universe
"imaginary space."</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ter"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Term</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The terminal lamina, or thin
ventral part, of the anterior wall of the third ventricle of the
brain.</def>  <i>B. G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ma*gan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being termagant; turbulence; tumultuousness; as, a violent
<i>termagancy</i> of temper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ma*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>Trivigant</i>,
<i>Termagant</i>, Termagant (in sense 1), OF. <i>Tervagan</i>; cf. It.
<i>Trivigante</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An imaginary being supposed by
the Christians to be a Mohammedan deity or false god. He is represented in
the ancient moralities, farces, and puppet shows as extremely vociferous
and tumultous.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> "And oftentimes by
<i>Termagant</i> and Mahound [Mahomet] swore." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lesser part on Christ believed well,<BR>
On <i>Termagant</i> the more, and on Mahound.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boisterous, brawling, turbulent person; --
formerly applied to both sexes, now only to women.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This terrible <i>termagant</i>, this Nero, this
Pharaoh.</blockquote> <i>Bale (1543).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The slave of an imperious and reckless
<i>termagant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ma*gant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tumultuous; turbulent;
boisterous; furious; quarrelsome; scolding.</def> --
<wf>Ter"ma*gant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>termagant</i>, imperious, prodigal, profligate
wench.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ter`ma*ta"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Termes</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any nest or dwelling of termes, or
white ants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ma*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Termatarium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Term"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who resorted to London during the law term only, in order to practice
tricks, to carry on intrigues, or the like.</def> [Obs.] [Written also
<i>termor</i>.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who has an estate for a term of
years or for life.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ter"mes</hw> (t&etilde;r"m&emacr;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Termites</b></plw> (-m&ibreve;*t&emacr;z). [L.
<i>termes</i>, <i>tarmes</i>, <i>-itis</i>, a woodworm.  Cf.
<u>Termite</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Pseudoneuroptera
including the white ants, or termites. See <u>Termite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*na*ble</hw> (-m&ibreve;n*&adot;*b'l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[See <u>Terminate</u>.] <def>Capable of being terminated or bounded;
limitable.</def> -- <wf>Ter"mi*na*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Terminable annuity</b></col>, <cd>an annuity for a stated,
definite number of years; -- distinguished from <i>life annuity</i>, and
<i>perpetual annuity</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*nal</hw> (-n<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>terminals</i>: cf. F. <i>terminal</i>. See <u>Term</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the end
or extremity; forming the extremity; as, a <i>terminal</i> edge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Growing at the end of a branch or
stem; terminating; as, a <i>terminal</i> bud, flower, or spike.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Terminal moraine</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Moraine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Terminal statue</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Terminus</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2 and 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Terminal
velocity</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The velocity acquired at the
end of a body's motion.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The limit toward which
the velocity of a body approaches, as of a body falling through the
air.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which terminates or ends; termination; extremity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Either of the ends of the
conducting circuit of an electrical apparatus, as an inductorium, dynamo,
or electric motor, usually provided with binding screws for the attachment
of wires by which a current may be conveyed into or from the machine; a
pole.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ter`mi*na"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A festival celebrated annually by the Romans on February
23 in honor of <i>Terminus</i>, the god of boundaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>terminans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>terminare</i>.] <def>Termination; ending.</def> [R.]
<i>Puttenham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Terminated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Terminating</u>.] [L. <i>terminatus</i>, p. p. of <i>terminare</i>. See
<u>Term</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set a term or limit to; to form
the extreme point or side of; to bound; to limit; as, to <i>terminate</i> a
surface by a line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put an end to; to make to cease; as, to
<i>terminate</i> an effort, or a controversy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to put the finishing touch to; to bring
to completion; to perfect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>During this interval of calm and prosperity, he [Michael
Angelo] <i>terminated</i> two figures of slaves, destined for the tomb, in
an incomparable style of art.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Harford.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1488 !></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To be limited in space by a point, line, or surface; to stop short; to
end; to cease; as, the torrid zone <i>terminates</i> at the
tropics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come to a limit in time; to end; to
close.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wisdom of this world, its designs and efficacy,
<i>terminate</i> on zhis side heaven.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>terminatio</i>
a bounding, fixing, determining: cf. F. <i>terminasion</i>, OF. also
<i>termination</i>. See <u>Term</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
terminating, or of limiting or setting bounds; the act of ending or
concluding; as, a voluntary <i>termination</i> of hostilities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which ends or bounds; limit in space or
extent; bound; end; as, the <i>termination</i> of a line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>End in time or existence; as, the
<i>termination</i> of the year, or of life; the <i>termination</i> of
happiness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>End; conclusion; result.</def>
<i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Last purpose of design.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A word; a term.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The ending of a word; a final
syllable or letter; the part added to a stem in inflection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`mi*na"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to termination; forming a termination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending or
serving to terminate; terminating; determining; definitive.</def> <i>Bp.
Rust.</i> -- <wf>Ter"mi*na*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., he who limits or
sets bounds.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which,
terminates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The dividing line between the
illuminated and the unilluminated part of the moon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*na*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Terminative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>terminer</i>.]
<def>To terminate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>terminer</i> to
bound, limit, end. See <u>Terminate</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A determining;
as, in oyer and <i>terminer</i>. See <u>Oyer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine held by
the Terminists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>terministe</i>.] <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One of a class of theologians who
maintain that God has fixed a certain term for the probation of individual
persons, during which period, and no longer, they have the offer to
grace.</def>  <i>Murdock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter`mi*no*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to terminology.</def> -- <wf>Ter`mi*no*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ter`mi*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>terminus</i>
term + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>terminologie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The doctrine of terms; a theory of terms or appellations; a treatise
on terms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The terms actually used in any business, art,
science, or the like; nomenclature; technical terms; as, the
<i>terminology</i> of chemistry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The barbarous effect produced by a German structure of
sentence, and a <i>terminology</i> altogether new.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Termini</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Term</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Literally, a boundary; a border; a limit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>The Roman divinity who presided
over boundaries, whose statue was properly a short pillar terminating in
the bust of a man, woman, satyr, or the like, but often merely a post or
stone stuck in the ground on a boundary line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any post or stone marking a boundary; a
term. See <u>Term</u>, 8.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Either end of a railroad line; also, the station
house, or the town or city, at that place.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Termites</b></plw> (#). [F. See <u>Termes</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of pseudoneoropterous insects belonging to
<i>Termes</i> and allied genera; -- called also <i>white ant</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>White ant</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are very abundant in tropical countries, and are noted for
their destructive habits, their large nests, their remarkable social
instincts, and their division of labor among the polymorphic individuals of
several kinds. Besides the males and females, each nest has ordinary
workers, and large-headed individuals called <i>soldiers</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Term"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having no term or end; unlimited; boundless; unending; as,
<i>termless</i> time.</def> [R.] "<i>Termless</i> joys."  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inexpressible; indescribable.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Term"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Occurring every term;
as, a <i>termly</i> fee.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Term"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Term by term; every
term.</def> [R.] "Fees . . . that are <i>termly</i> given."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter`mo*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
boundary, end + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>Terminology.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Term"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Termer</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tern</hw> (t&etilde;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. <i>terne</i>,
<i>t&aelig;rne</i>; akin to Sw. <i>t&auml;rna</i>, Icel.
<i>&thorn;erna</i>; cf. NL. <i>sterna</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of numerous species of long-winged aquatic birds, allied to the gulls,
and belonging to <i>Sterna</i> and various allied genera.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Terns differ from gulls chiefly in their graceful form, in their
weaker and more slender bills and feet, and their longer and more pointed
wings. The tail is usually forked. Most of the species are white with the
back and wings pale gray, and often with a dark head. The common European
tern (<i>Sterna hirundo</i>) is found also in Asia and America. Among other
American species are the arctic tern (<i>S. paradis&aelig;a</i>), the
roseate tern (<i>S. Dougalli</i>), the least tern (<i>S. Antillarum</i>),
the royal tern (<i>S. maxima</i>), and the sooty tern (<i>S.
fuliginosa</i>).</p>

<p><col><b>Hooded tern</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Fairy bird</i>, under
<u>Fairy</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Marsh tern</b></col>, <cd>any tern of the
genus <i>Hydrochelidon</i>. They frequent marshes and rivers and feed
largely upon insects.</cd> -- <col><b>River tern</b></col>, <cd>any tern
belonging to <i>Se&euml;na</i> or allied genera which frequent rivers.</cd>
-- <col><b>Sea tern</b></col>, <cd>any tern of the genus <i>Thalasseus</i>.
Terns of this genus have very long, pointed wings, and chiefly frequent
seas and the mouths of large rivers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. pl. <i>terni</i> three each,
three; akin to <i>tres</i> three. See <u>Three</u>, and cf. <u>Trine</u>.]
<def>Threefold; triple; consisting of three; ternate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tern flowers</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>flowers growing three
and three together.</cd> -- <col><b>Tern leaves</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>leaves arranged in threes, or three by three, or having three in each
whorl or set.</cd> -- <col><b>Tern peduncles</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>three peduncles growing together from the same axis.</cd> --
<col><b>Tern schooner</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a three-masted
schooner.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>terne</i>. See <u>Tern</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>That which consists of, or pertains to, three
things or numbers together; especially, a prize in a lottery resulting from
the favorable combination of three numbers in the drawing; also, the three
numbers themselves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She'd win a <i>tern</i> in Thursday's lottery.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ternarius</i>, fr.
<i>terni</i>. See <u>Tern</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Proceeding by threes; consisting of three; as, the <i>ternary</i>
number was anciently esteemed a symbol of perfection, and held in great
veneration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing, or consisting of,
three different parts, as elements, atoms, groups, or radicals, which are
regarded as having different functions or relations in the molecule; thus,
sodic hydroxide, NaOH, is a <i>ternary</i> compound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ternaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A ternion; the number three; three
things taken together; a triad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some in <i>ternaries</i>, some in pairs, and some
single.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>ternatus</i>, fr. L.
<i>terni</i> three each. See <u>Tern</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Having
the parts arranged by threes; as, <i>ternate</i> branches, leaves, or
flowers.</def> -- <wf>Ter"nate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Terne"plate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tern</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Plate</u>.] <def>Thin iron sheets coated with
an alloy of lead and tin; -- so called because made up of <i>three</i>
metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ni*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ternio</i>, fr.
<i>terni</i> three each. See <u>Tern</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The
number three; three things together; a ternary.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"pene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Turpentine</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of isomeric hydrocarbons of
pleasant aromatic odor, occurring especially in coniferous plants and
represented by oil of turpentine, but including also certain hydrocarbons
found in some essential oils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter*pen"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Terpenylic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`pe*nyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Terpene</i> + <i>-
yl</i> + <i>-ic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, an acid, C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (called also
<i>terpentic acid</i>), homologous with terebic acid, and obtained as a
white crystalline substance by the oxidation of oil of turpentine with
chromic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"pi*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
polymeric form of terpene, resembling terbene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white
crystalline substance regarded as a hydrate of oil of turpentine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"pin*ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Terpin</i> + L.
<i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any oil substance having a
hyacinthine odor, obtained by the action of acids on terpin, and regarded
as a related hydrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Terp*sich"o*re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;; &?;
enjoyment (fr. &?; to gladden) + &?; dance, dancing.] <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i>
<def>The Muse who presided over the choral song and the dance, especially
the latter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Terp`sich*o*re"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Terpsichore; of or pertaining to dancing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ter"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. &amp; L. See
<u>Terrace</u>.] <def>The earth; earth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Terra alba</b></col> [L., white earth] <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a
white amorphous earthy substance consisting of burnt gypsum, aluminium
silicate (kaolin), or some similar ingredient, as magnesia. It is sometimes
used to adulterate certain foods, spices, candies, paints, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Terra cotta</b></col>. [It., fr. <i>terra</i> earth + <i>cotta</i>,
fem. of <i>cotto</i> cooked, L. <i>coctus</i>, p. p. of <i>coquere</i> to
cook. See <u>Cook</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <cd>Baked clay; a kind of hard
pottery used for statues, architectural decorations, figures, vases, and
the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Terr&aelig; filius</b></col> [L., son of the
earth], <cd>formerly, one appointed to write a satirical Latin poem at the
public acts in the University of Oxford; -- not unlike the
<i>prevaricator</i> at Cambridge, England.</cd> -- <col><b>Terra
firma</b></col> [L.], <cd>firm or solid earth, as opposed to
<i>water</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Terra Japonica</b></col>. [NL.] <cd>Same as
<u>Gambier</u>. It was formerly supposed to be a kind of earth from
Japan.</cd> -- <col><b>Terra Lemnia</b></col> [L., Lemnian earth],
<cd>Lemnian earth. See under <u>Lemnian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Terra
ponderosa</b></col> [L., ponderous earth] <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>barite, or
heavy spar.</cd> -- <col><b>Terra di Sienna</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Sienna</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ter"race</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>terrasse</i> (cf. Sp.
<i>terraza</i>, It. <i>terrazza</i>), fr. L. <i>terra</i> the earth,
probably for <i>tersa</i>, originally meaning, dry land, and akin to
<i>torrere</i> to parch, E. <i>torrid</i>, and <i>thirst</i>. See
<u>Thirst</u>, and cf. <u>Fumitory</u>, <u>Inter</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>,
<u>Patterre</u>, <u>Terrier</u>, <u>Trass</u>, <u>Tureen</u>,
<u>Turmeric</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A raised level space, shelf, or
platform of earth, supported on one or more sides by a wall, a bank of
tuft, or the like, whether designed for use or pleasure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A balcony, especially a large and uncovered
one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A flat roof to a house; as, the buildings of the
Oriental nations are covered with <i>terraces</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A street, or a row of houses, on a bank or the
side of a hill; hence, any street, or row of houses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A level plain, usually with a
steep front, bordering a river, a lake, or sometimes the sea.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many rivers are bordered by a series of terraces at different
levels, indicating the flood plains at successive periods in their
history.</p>

<p><col><b>Terrace epoch</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>See <i>Drift
epoch</i>, under <u>Drift</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Ter"race</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Terraced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Terracing</u> (?).] <def>To form into a terrace or terraces; to furnish
with a terrace or terraces, as, to <i>terrace</i> a garden, or a
building.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Clermont's <i>terraced</i> height, and Esher's
groves.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ra*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>terra</i> the
earth + <i>cultura</i>.] <def>Cultivation on the earth; agriculture.</def>
[R.] -- <wf>Ter`ra*cul"tur*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ter"rane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>terrain</i>, from L.
<i>terra</i> earth.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A group of rocks having a common
age or origin; -- nearly equivalent to <i>formation</i>, but used somewhat
less comprehensively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ra*pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of American
Indian origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
tortoises living in fresh and brackish waters. Many of them are valued for
food.</def> [Written also <i>terapin</i>, <i>terrapen</i>,
<i>terrapene</i>, and <i>turapen</i>.]</p>

<p>
&fist; The yellow-bellied terrapin (<i>Pseudemys acebra</i>) of the
Southern United States, the red-bellied terrapin (<i>Pseudemys rugosa</i>),
native of the tributaries Chesapeake Bay (called also <i>potter</i>,
<i>slider</i>, and <i>redfender</i>), and the diamond-back or salt-marsh
terrapin (<i>Malaclemmys palustris</i>), are the most important American
species. The diamond-back terrapin is native of nearly the whole of the
Atlantic coast of the United States.</p>

<p><col><b>Alligator terrapin</b></col>, <cd>the snapping turtle.</cd> --
<col><b>Mud terrapin</b></col>, <cd>any one of numerous species of American
tortoises of the genus <i>Cinosternon</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Painted
terrapin</b></col>, <cd>the painted turtle. See under <u>Painted</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Speckled terrapin</b></col>, <cd>a small fresh-water American
terrapin (<i>Chelopus guttatus</i>) having the carapace black with round
yellow spots; -- called also <i>spotted turtle</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ter*ra"que*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>terra</i> the
earth + E. <i>aqueous</i>.] <def>Consisting of land and water; as, the
earth is a <i>terraqueous</i> globe.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The grand <i>terraqueous</i> spectacle<BR>
From center to circumference unveiled.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"rar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>terrarius liber</i>.
See <u>Terrier</u> a collection of acknowledgments.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>See 2d <u>Terrier</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>&?;rass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter*reen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Turren</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter*re"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
earthy; earthiness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>terrella</i>, from L.
<i>terra</i> the earth.] <def>A spherical magnet so placed that its poles,
equator, etc., correspond to those of the earth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Terre"mote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>terremote</i>,
<i>terremoete</i>, fr. L. <i>terra</i> the earth + <i>movere</i>,
<i>motum</i>, to move.] <def>An earthquake.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter*rene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tureen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter*rene"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>terrenus</i>, fr.
<i>terra</i> the earth. See <u>Terrace</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the earth; earthy; as, <i>terrene</i> substance.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Earthy; terrestrial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God set before him a mortal and immortal life, a nature
celestial and <i>terrene</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be true and faithful to the king and his heirs, and truth
and faith to bear of life and limb, and <i>terrene</i> honor.</blockquote>
<i>O. Eng. Oath of Allegiance, quoted by Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Common conceptions of the matters which lie at the basis of
our <i>terrene</i> experience.</blockquote> <i>Hickok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter*rene"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>terrenum</i> land,
ground: cf. F. <i>terrain</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The earth's
surface; the earth.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tenfold the length of this <i>terrene</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>The surface of the
ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter*ren"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Earthiness;
worldliness.</def> [Obs.] "A dull and low <i>terrenity</i>."
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>terreus</i>, fr.
<i>terra</i> the earth. See <u>Terrace</u>.] <def>Consisting of earth;
earthy; as, <i>terreous</i> substances; <i>terreous</i> particles.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Terre"plein`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>terra</i>
earth + <i>planus</i> even, level, plain.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The top,
platform, or horizontal surface, of a rampart, on which the cannon are
placed. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Casemate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter*res"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE., from OF. &amp; F.
<i>terrestre</i>.] <def>Terrestrial; earthly.</def> [Obs.] "His paradise
<i>terrestre</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter*res"tri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>terrestris</i>,
from <i>terra</i> the earth. See <u>Terrace</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the earth; existing on the earth; earthly; as,
<i>terrestrial</i> animals.</def> "Bodies <i>terrestrial</i>."  <i>1 Cor.
xv. 40.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Representing, or consisting of, the earth; as, a
<i>terrestrial</i> globe.</def> "The dark <i>terrestrial</i> ball."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the world, or to the present
state; sublunary; mundane.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vain labors of <i>terrestrial</i> wit.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A genius bright and base,<BR>
Of towering talents, and <i>terrestrial</i> aims.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of land, in distinction from water;
belonging to, or inhabiting, the land or ground, in distinction from trees,
water, or the like; as, <i>terrestrial</i> serpents.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>terrestrial</i> parts of the globe.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Adapted for the observation of objects on land
and on the earth; as, a <i>terrestrial</i> telescope, in distinction from
an <i>astronomical</i> telescope.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ter*res"tri*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ter*res"tri*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ter*res"tri*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of the
earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter*res"tri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>terrestris</i> terrestrial + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To convert or reduce into
a condition like that of the earth; to make earthy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter*res"tri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Terrestrial</u>.] <def>Terrestrial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the rings on the
top of the saddle of a harness, through which the reins pass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Terre"-ten`ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>terre</i>
earth, land + <i>tenant</i>, p. pr. of <i>tenir</i> to hold.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>One who has the actual possession of land; the occupant.</def>
[Written also <i>ter-tenant</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 1489 !></p>

<p><hw>Terre"-verte`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>terre</i>
earth + <i>vert</i>, <i>verte</i>, green.] <def>An olive-green earth used
as a pigment. See <u>Glauconite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ri*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>terribilis</i>, fr. <i>terrere</i> to frighten. See <u>Terror</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Adapted or likely to excite terror, awe, or dread;
dreadful; formidable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prudent in peace, and <i>terrible</i> in war.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not be affrighted at them; for the Lord thy God
is among you, a mighty God and <i>terrible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. vii.
21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessive; extreme; severe.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>terrible</i> coldness of the season.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Terrific; fearful; frightful; formidable; dreadful;
horrible; shocking; awful.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ter"ri*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ter"ri*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ter*ric"o*l&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>terra + colere</i> to inhabit.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
annelids including the common earthworms and allied species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`ri*en"ni*ak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The arctic fox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. L. <i>terere</i> to
rub, to rub away, <i>terebra</i> a borer.] <def>An auger or borer.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ter"ri*er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [F.
<i>terrier</i>, <i>chien terrier</i>, from <i>terre</i> the earth, L.
<i>terra</i>; cf. F. <i>terrier</i> a burrow, LL. <i>terrarium</i> a
hillock (hence the sense, a mound thrown up in making a burrow, a burrow).
See <u>Terrace</u>, and cf. <u>Terrier</u>, 2.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a breed of small dogs, which includes several distinct
subbreeds, some of which, such as the Skye terrier and Yorkshire terrier,
have long hair and drooping ears, while others, at the English and the
black-and-tan terriers, have short, close, smooth hair and upright
ears.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Most kinds of terriers are noted for their courage, the acuteness
of their sense of smell, their propensity to hunt burrowing animals, and
their activity in destroying rats, etc. See <i>Fox terrier</i>, under
<u>Fox</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>terrier</i>, <i>papier terrier</i>, LL.
<i>terrarius liber</i>, i.e., a book belonging or pertaining to land or
landed estates. See <u>Terrier</u>, 1, and cf. <u>Terrar</u>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formerly, a collection of acknowledgments of the
vassals or tenants of a lordship, containing the rents and services they
owed to the lord, and the like.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In modern
usage, a book or roll in which the lands of private persons or corporations
are described by their site, boundaries, number of acres, or the
like.</def> [Written also <i>terrar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ter*rif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>terrificus</i>; fr.
<i>terrere</i> to frighten + <i>facere</i> to make. See <u>Terror</u>, and
<u>Fact</u>.] <def>Causing terror; adapted to excite great fear or dread;
terrible; as, a <i>terrific</i> form; a <i>terrific</i> sight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter*rif"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Terrific.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ter*rif"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a terrific
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Terrified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Terrifying</u> (?).] [L. <i>terrere</i> to frighten + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F.
<i>terrifier</i>, L. <i>terrificare</i>. See <u>Terrific</u>, and <u>-
fy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make terrible.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If the law, instead of aggravating and <i>terrifying</i>
sin, shall give out license, it foils itself.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To alarm or shock with fear; to
frighten.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When ye shall hear of wars . . . be not
<i>terrified</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke xxi. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter*rig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>terrigena</i>,
<i>terrigenus</i>; <i>terra</i> the earth + <i>genere</i>, <i>gignere</i>,
to bring forth.] <def>Earthborn; produced by the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`ri*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>territorialis</i>: cf. F. <i>territorial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to territory or land; as, <i>territorial</i> limits;
<i>territorial</i> jurisdiction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Limited to a certain district; as, right may be
personal or <i>territorial</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to all or any of the
Territories of the United States, or to any district similarly organized
elsewhere; as, <i>Territorial</i> governments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`ri*to"ri*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Territorialized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Territorializing</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
enlarge by extension of territory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to the condition of a
territory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`ri*to"ri*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In regard to
territory; by means of territory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ri*to*ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Possessed of
territory.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ter"ri*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Territories</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>territorium</i>, from
<i>terra</i> the earth: cf. F. <i>territoire</i>. See <u>Terrace</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large extent or tract of land; a region; a
country; a district.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He looked, and saw wide <i>territory</i> spread<BR>
Before him -- towns, and rural works between.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The extent of land belonging to, or under the
dominion of, a prince, state, or other form of government; often, a tract
of land lying at a distance from the parent country or from the seat of
government; as, the <i>territory</i> of a State; the <i>territories</i> of
the East India Company.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In the United States, a portion of the country
not included within the limits of any State, and not yet admitted as a
State into the Union, but organized with a separate legislature, under a
Territorial governor and other officers appointed by the President and
Senate of the United States. In Canada, a similarly organized portion of
the country not yet formed into a Province.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ror</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>terror</i>, akin to
<i>terrere</i> to frighten, for <i>tersere</i>; akin to Gr. &?; to flee
away, dread, Skr. <i>tras</i> to tremble, to be afraid, Russ.
<i>triasti</i> to shake: cf. F. <i>terreur</i>.  Cf. <u>Deter</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extreme fear; fear that agitates body and mind;
violent dread; fright.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Terror</i> seized the rebel host.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which excites dread; a cause of extreme
fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those enormous <i>terrors</i> of the Nile.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rulers are not a <i>terror</i> to good works.</blockquote>
<i>Rom. xiii. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no <i>terror</i>, Cassius, in your
threats.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Terror</i> is used in the formation of compounds which are
generally self-explaining: as, <i>terror</i>-fraught, <i>terror</i>-giving,
<i>terror</i>-smitten, <i>terror</i>-stricken, <i>terror</i>-struck, and
the like.</p>

<p><col><b>King of terrors</b></col>, <cd>death.</cd> <i>Job xviii. 14.</i>
-- <col><b>Reign of Terror</b></col>. <i>(F. Hist.)</i> <cd>See in
Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Alarm; fright; consternation; dread; dismay. See
<u>Alarm</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ter"ror*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>terrorisme</i>.] <def>The act of terrorizing, or state of being
terrorized; a mode of government by terror or intimidation.</def>
<i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ror*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>terroriste</i>.]
<def>One who governs by terrorism or intimidation; specifically, an agent
or partisan of the revolutionary tribunal during the Reign of Terror in
France.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ror*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>terroriser</i>.] <def>To impress with terror; to coerce by
intimidation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Humiliated by the tyranny of foreign despotism, and
<i>terrorized</i> by ecclesiastical authority.</blockquote> <i>J. A.
Symonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ror*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from terror.</def>
<i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of heavy colored
fabric, either all silk, or silk and worsted, or silk and cotton, often
called <i>terry velvet</i>, used for upholstery and trimmings.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ter*sanc"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ter</i> thrice
+ <i>sanctus</i> holy.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An ancient ascription of praise
(containing the word "Holy" -- in its Latin form, "<i>Sanctus</i>" --
thrice repeated), used in the Mass of the Roman Catholic Church and before
the prayer of consecration in the communion service of the Church of
England and the Protestant Episcopal Church.  Cf.
<u>Trisagion</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Terse</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Terser</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Tersest</u>.] [L.
<i>tersus</i>, p. p. of <i>tergere</i> to rub or wipe off.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Appearing as if rubbed or wiped off; rubbed;
smooth; polished.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many stones, . . . although <i>terse</i> and smooth, have
not this power attractive.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Refined; accomplished; -- said of persons.</def>
[R. &amp; Obs.] "Your polite and <i>terse</i> gallants."  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Elegantly concise; free of superfluous words;
polished to smoothness; as, <i>terse</i> language; a <i>terse</i>
style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Terse</i>, luminous, and dignified
eloquence.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A poet, too, was there, whose verse<BR>
Was tender, musical, and <i>terse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Neat; concise; compact.  <u>Terse</u>, <u>Concise</u>.
<i>Terse</i> was defined by Johnson "cleanly written", <i>i. e.</i>, free
from blemishes, neat or smooth. Its present sense is "free from
excrescences," and hence, <i>compact</i>, with smoothness, grace, or
elegance, as in the following lones of Whitehead: -</p>

<p><blockquote>"In eight <i>terse</i> lines has Ph&aelig;drus told<BR>
(So frugal were the bards of old)<BR>
A tale of goats; and closed with grace,<BR>
Plan, moral, all, in that short space."</blockquote></p>

<p>   It differs from <i>concise</i> in not implying, perhaps, quite as
much condensation, but chiefly in the additional idea of "grace or
elegance."</p>

<p>-- <wf>Terse"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Terse"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ter*sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ter-</i> +
<i>sulphide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A trisulphide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter*sul"phu*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ter-</i> +
<i>sulphuret</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A trisulphide.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ter"-ten`ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Terre-
tenant</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>tertius</i>
third, the tertial feathers being feathers of the third row. See
<u>Tierce</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Tertiary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tertianus</i>, from
<i>tertius</i> the third. See <u>Tierce</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Occurring
every third day; as, a <i>tertian</i> fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"tian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tertiana</i> (sc.
<i>febris</i>): cf. OF. <i>tertiane</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A disease, especially an intermittent fever, which returns every third
day, reckoning inclusively, or in which the intermission lasts one
day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A liquid measure formerly used for wine, equal
to seventy imperial, or eighty-four wine, gallons, being one third of a
tun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ti*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tertiarius</i>
containing a third part, fr. <i>tertius</i> third: cf. F. <i>tertiaire</i>.
See <u>Tierce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being of the third formation,
order, or rank; third; as, a <i>tertiary</i> use of a word.</def>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Possessing some quality in the
third degree; having been subjected to the substitution of three atoms or
radicals; as, a <i>tertiary</i> alcohol, amine, or salt.  Cf.
<u>Primary</u>, and <u>Secondary</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Later than, or subsequent to, the
Secondary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Growing on the innermost
joint of a bird's wing; tertial; -- said of quills.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tertiary age</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Age</u>,
8.</cd> -- <col><b>Tertiary color</b></col>, <cd>a color produced by the
mixture of two secondaries.</cd> "The so-called <i>tertiary colors</i> are
<i>citrine</i>, <i>russet</i>, and <i>olive.</i>" <i>Fairholt.</i> --
<col><b>Tertiary period</b></col>. <i>(Geol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The first period of the age of mammals, or of the Cenozoic era.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The rock formation of that period; -- called also
<i>Tertiary formation</i>. See the <i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Tertiary syphilis</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the third and last
stage of syphilis, in which it invades the bones and internal
organs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ti*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tertiaries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>A member of the Third Order in any monastic system; as, the Franciscan
<i>tertiaries</i>; the Dominican <i>tertiaries</i>; the Carmelite
<i>tertiaries</i>. See <i>Third Order</i>, under <u>Third</u>.</def>
<i>Addis &amp; Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The Tertiary era, period, or
formation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the quill feathers
which are borne upon the basal joint of the wing of a bird. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bird</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>tertiatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>tertiare</i> to do for the third time, fr. <i>tertius</i> the
third.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To do or perform for the third time.</def>
[Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>To examine, as the thickness of
the metal at the muzzle of a gun; or, in general, to examine the thickness
of, as ordnance, in order to ascertain its strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ter`u*ter"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably so named from
its city.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The South American lapwing (<i>Vanellus
Cayennensis</i>). Its wings are furnished with short spurs. Called also
<i>Cayenne lapwing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ter"za ri"ma</hw> (?). [It., a third or triple rhyme.] <def>A
peculiar and complicated system of versification, borrowed by the early
Italian poets from the Troubadours.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ter*zet"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., dim. of
<i>terzo</i> the third, L. <i>tertius</i>. See <u>Tierce</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A composition in three voice parts; a vocal (rarely an
instrumental) trio.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"sel*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tessella</i> a
small square piece, a little cube, dim. of <i>tessera</i> a square piece of
stone, wood, etc., a die.] <def>Formed of tesser&aelig;, as a
mosaic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tes`sel*la"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Tessellate</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Crinoidea
including numerous fossil species in which the body is covered with
tessellated plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"sel*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tessellated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tessellating</u>.] [L. <i>tessellatus</i> tessellated. See
<u>Tessellar</u>.] <def>To form into squares or checkers; to lay with
checkered work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The floors are sometimes of wood, <i>tessellated</i> after
the fashion of France.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes"sel*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tesselatus</i>.]
<def>Tessellated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"sel*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Formed of little squares, as mosaic work; checkered; as, a
<i>tessellated</i> pavement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Marked like a
checkerboard; as, a <i>tessellated</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes`sel*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
tessellating; also, the mosaic work so formed.</def>  <i>J.
Forsyth.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tes"se*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tesser&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a square piece, a die. See
<u>Tessellar</u>.] <def>A small piece of marble, glass, earthenware, or the
like, having a square, or nearly square, face, used by the ancients for
mosaic, as for making pavements, for ornamenting walls, and like purposes;
also, a similar piece of ivory, bone, wood, etc., used as a ticket of
admission to theaters, or as a certificate for successful gladiators, and
as a token for various other purposes.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes`se*ra"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Diversified by
squares; done in mosaic; tessellated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir R. Atkyns
(1712).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes"se*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or containing, tesser&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Isometric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"su*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Crystallog.)</i>
<def>Tesseral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Test</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>test</i> test, or cupel,
potsherd, F. <i>t&ecirc;t</i>, from L. <i>testum</i> an earthen vessel;
akin to <i>testa</i> a piece of burned clay, an earthen pot, a potsherd,
perhaps for <i>tersta</i>, and akin to <i>torrere</i> to patch,
<i>terra</i> earth (cf. <u>Thirst</u>, and <u>Terrace</u>), but cf. Zend
<i>tasta</i> cup.  Cf. <u>Test</u> a shell, <u>Testaceous</u>,
<u>Tester</u> a covering, a coin, <u>Testy</u>, <u>T&ecirc;te-&agrave;-
t&ecirc;te</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A cupel or
cupelling hearth in which precious metals are melted for trial and
refinement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our ingots, <i>tests</i>, and many mo.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Examination or trial by the cupel; hence, any
critical examination or decisive trial; as, to put a man's assertions to a
<i>test</i>.</def> "Bring me to the <i>test</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Means of trial; as, absence is a <i>test</i> of
love.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each <i>test</i> every light her muse will
bear.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That with which anything is compared for proof
of its genuineness; a touchstone; a standard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Life, force, and beauty must to all impart,<BR>
At once the source, and end, and <i>test</i> of art.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Discriminative characteristic; standard of
judgment; ground of admission or exclusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>test</i> excludes your tribe from
benefit.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Judgment; distinction; discrimination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who would excel, when few can make a <i>test</i><BR>
Betwixt indifferent writing and the best?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A reaction employed to recognize
or distinguish any particular substance or constituent of a compound, as
the production of some characteristic precipitate; also, the reagent
employed to produce such reaction; thus, the ordinary <i>test</i> for
sulphuric acid is the production of a white insoluble precipitate of barium
sulphate by means of some soluble barium salt.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Test act</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>an act of the English
Parliament prescribing a form of oath and declaration against
transubstantiation, which all officers, civil and military, were formerly
obliged to take within six months after their admission to office. They
were obliged also to receive the sacrament according to the usage of the
Church of England.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Test object</b></col>
<i>(Optics)</i>, <cd>an object which tests the power or quality of a
microscope or telescope, by requiring a certain degree of excellence in the
instrument to determine its existence or its peculiar texture or
markings.</cd> -- <col><b>Test paper</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>Paper prepared for use in testing for certain substances
by being saturated with a reagent which changes color in some specific way
when acted upon by those substances; thus, litmus paper is turned red by
acids, and blue by alkalies, turmeric paper is turned brown by alkalies,
etc.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <cd>An instrument admitted as a
standard or comparison of handwriting in those jurisdictions in which
comparison of hands is permitted as a mode of proving handwriting.</cd> --
<col><b>Test tube</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
simple tube of thin glass, closed at one end, for heating solutions and for
performing ordinary reactions.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A graduated
tube.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Criterion; standard; experience; proof; experiment;
trial.  -- <u>Test</u>, <u>Trial</u>. <i>Trial</i> is the wider term;
<i>test</i> is a searching and decisive <i>trial</i>. It is derived from
the Latin <i>testa</i> (earthen pot), which term was early applied to the
<i>fining pot</i>, or <i>crucible</i>, in which metals are melted for trial
and refinement. Hence the peculiar force of the word, as indicating a trial
or criterion of the most decisive kind.</p>

<p><blockquote>I leave him to your gracious acceptance, whose <i>trial</i>
shall better publish his commediation.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy virtue, prince, has stood the <i>test</i> of
fortune,<BR>
Like purest gold, that tortured in the furnace,<BR>
Comes out more bright, and brings forth all its weight.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Test</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Testing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To refine, as gold or silver, in a
test, or cupel; to subject to cupellation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put to the proof; to prove the truth,
genuineness, or quality of by experiment, or by some principle or standard;
to try; as, to <i>test</i> the soundness of a principle; to <i>test</i> the
validity of an argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Experience is the surest standard by which to <i>test</i>
the real tendency of the existing constitution.</blockquote>
<i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To examine or try, as by the use
of some reagent; as, to <i>test</i> a solution by litmus paper.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1490 !></p>

<p><hw>Test</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>testis</i>.  Cf.
<u>Testament</u>, <u>Testify</u>.] <def>A witness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Prelates and great lords of England, who were for the more
surety <i>tests</i> of that deed.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Test</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>testari</i>. See
<u>Testament</u>.] <def>To make a testament, or will.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Test</hw> (?), <hw>||Tes"ta</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> E. <plw><b>Tests</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Test&aelig;</b></plw>
(#). [L. <i>testa</i> a piece of burned clay, a broken piece of
earthenware, a shell. See <u>Test</u> a cupel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The external hard or firm covering of many
invertebrate animals.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>test</i> of crustaceans and insects is composed largely of
chitin; in mollusks it is composed chiefly of calcium carbonate, and is
called the <i>shell</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The outer integument of a seed;
the episperm, or spermoderm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Test"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Testament</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being tested or proved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being devised, or given by
will.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tes*ta"ce*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>testaceum</i> a shelled anumal. See <u>Testaceous</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Invertebrate animals covered with shells,
especially mollusks; shellfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes*ta"cean</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Onr of the Testacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes*ta`ce*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Testacea</i>
+ <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>testac&eacute;ographie</i>.] <def>The science
which treats of testaceans, or shellfish; the description of
shellfish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tes*ta`ce*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Testacea</i> +
<i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>testac&eacute;ologie</i>.] <def>The science of
testaceous mollusks; conchology.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tes*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>testaceus</i>,
fr. <i>testa</i> a shell. See <u>Testa</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to shells; consisted of a hard shell, or having a hard
shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a dull red
brick color or a brownish yellow color.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Testaceous animals</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>animals
having a firm, calcareous shell, as oysters and clams, thus distinguished
from <i>crustaceous animals</i>, whose shells are more thin and soft, and
consist of several joints, or articulations, as lobsters and
crabs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ta*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Testate</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The state or circumstance of being testate, or of leaving
a valid will, or testament, at death.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ta*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>testamentum</i>, fr. <i>testari</i> to be a witness, to make one's last
will, akin to <i>testis</i> a witness.  Cf. <u>Intestate</u>,
<u>Testify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A solemn, authentic
instrument in writing, by which a person declares his will as to disposal
of his estate and effects after his death.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This is otherwise called a <i>will</i>, and sometimes a <i>last
will and testament</i>. A <i>testament</i>, to be valid, must be made by a
person of sound mind; and it must be executed and published in due form of
law. A man, in certain cases, may make a valid will by word of mouth only.
See <i>Nuncupative will</i>, under <u>Nuncupative</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the two distinct revelations of God's
purposes toward man; a covenant; also, one of the two general divisions of
the canonical books of the sacred Scriptures, in which the covenants are
respectively revealed; as, the Old <i>Testament</i>; the New
<i>Testament</i>; -- often limited, in colloquial language, to the
latter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is the mediator of the new <i>testament</i> . . . for the
redemption of the transgressions that were under the first
<i>testament</i>.</blockquote> <i>Heb. ix. 15.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Holographic testament</b></col>, <cd>a testament written wholly
by the testator himself.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Tes`ta*men"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>testamentalis</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a testament;
testamentary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>testamental</i> cup I take,<BR>
And thus remember thee.</blockquote> <i>J. Montgomery.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes`ta*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>testamentarius</i>: cf. F. <i>testamentaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to a will, or testament; as, letters
<i>testamentary</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bequeathed by will; given by
testament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How many <i>testamentary</i> charities have been defeated by
the negligence or fraud of executors!</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Done, appointed by, or founded on, a testament,
or will; as, a <i>testamentary</i> guardian of a minor, who may be
appointed by the will of a father to act in that capacity until the child
becomes of age.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes`ta*men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
power of giving by testament, or will.</def> [R.]  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ta*men*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
will.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tes*ta"mur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., we testify, fr.
<i>testari</i> to testify.] <i>(Eng. Universities)</i> <def>A certificate
of merit or proficiency; -- so called from the Latin words, <i>Ita
testamur</i>, with which it commences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>testatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>testari</i>. See <u>Testament</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Having made and
left a will; as, a person is said to die <i>testate</i>.</def>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes"tate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who leaves
a valid will at death; a testate person.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tes*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>testatio</i>.]
<def>A witnessing or witness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>testateur</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A man who makes and leaves a will, or
testament, at death.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes*ta"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
woman who makes and leaves a will at death; a female testator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called fr. L.
<i>teste</i>, abl. of <i>testis</i> a witness, because this was formerly
the initial word in the clause.] <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
witness.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The witnessing or concluding
clause, duty attached; -- said of a writ, deed, or the like.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>testere</i> a
headpiece, helmet, OF. <i>testiere</i>, F. <i>t&ecirc;ti&egrave;re</i> a
head covering, fr. OF. <i>teste</i> the head, F. <i>t&ecirc;te</i>, fr. L.
<i>testa</i> an earthen pot, the skull. See <u>Test</u> a cupel, and cf.
<u>Testi&egrave;re</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A headpiece; a
helmet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The shields bright, <i>testers</i>, and
trappures.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flat canopy, as over a pulpit or tomb.</def>
<i>Oxf. Gross.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A canopy over a bed, supported by the
bedposts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>testers</i> to the bed, and the saddles and
portmanteaus heaped on me to keep off the cold.</blockquote>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>testern</i>,
<i>teston</i>, fr. F. <i>teston</i>, fr. OF. <i>teste</i> the head, the
head of the king being impressed upon the coin. See <u>Tester</u> a
covering, and cf. <u>Testone</u>, <u>Testoon</u>.] <def>An old French
silver coin, originally of the value of about eighteen pence, subsequently
reduced to ninepence, and later to sixpence, sterling. Hence, in modern
English slang, a sixpence; -- often contracted to <i>tizzy</i>. Called also
<i>teston</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sixpence; a
tester.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tes"tern</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To present with a
tester.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tes"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos>
of <u>Teste</u>, or of <u>Testis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tes`ti*car"di*nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Test</u> a shell, and <u>Cardo</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of brachiopods including those which have a calcareous shell furnished with
a hinge and hinge teeth. Terebratula and Spirifer are examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ti*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>testiculus</i>,
dim. of <i>testis</i> a testicle, probably the same word as <i>testis</i> a
witness, as being a witness to manhood.  Cf. <u>Test</u> a witness.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the essential male genital glands which secrete
the semen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ti*cond</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>testis</i> testis
+ <i>condere</i> to hide.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the testicles
naturally concealed, as in the case of the cetaceans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes*tic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the testicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>testiculatus</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Shaped like a
testicle, ovate and solid.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having two tubers
resembling testicles in form, as some species of orchis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tes`ti*&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>testiere</i>. See <u>Tester</u> a headpiece.] <def>A piece of plate
armor for the head of a war horse; a tester.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"tif</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Testy</u>.]
<def>Testy; headstrong; obstinate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Testif</i> they were and lusty for to play.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>testificatio</i>: cf. OF. <i>testification</i>. See <u>Testify</u>.]
<def>The act of testifying, or giving testimony or evidence; as, a direct
<i>testification</i> of our homage to God.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ti*fi*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
testifier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ti*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who testifies;
one who gives testimony, or bears witness to prove anything; a
witness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Testified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Testifying</u> (?).] [OF. <i>testifier</i>, L. <i>testificari</i>;
<i>testis</i> a witness + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-
fy</u>, and cf. <u>Attest</u>, <u>Contest</u>, <u>Detest</u>,
<u>Protest</u>, <u>Testament</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a solemn
declaration, verbal or written, to establish some fact; to give testimony
for the purpose of communicating to others a knowledge of something not
known to them.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jesus . . . needed not that any should <i>testify</i> of
man, for he knew what was in man.</blockquote> <i>John ii. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To make a solemn declaration under
oath or affirmation, for the purpose of establishing, or making proof of,
some fact to a court; to give testimony in a cause depending before a
tribunal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One witness shall not <i>testify</i> against any person to
cause him to die.</blockquote> <i>Num. xxxv. 30.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To declare a charge; to protest; to give
information; to bear witness; -- with <i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Israel, . . . I will <i>testify</i> against
thee.</blockquote> <i>Ps. l. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>testified</i> against them in the day wherein they sold
victuals.</blockquote> <i>Neh. xiii. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ti*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bear witness to; to support the truth of by testimony; to affirm or declare
solemny.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We speak that we do know, and <i>testify</i> that we have
seen; and ye receive not our witness.</blockquote> <i>John iii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To affirm or declare under oath or
affirmation before a tribunal, in order to prove some fact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ti*fy</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a testy manner;
fretfully; peevishly; with petulance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes`ti*mo"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>testimoniale</i>, LL. <i>testimonialis</i>, L. <i>testimoniales</i> (sc.
<i>litter&aelig;</i>). See <u>Testimonial</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A writing or certificate which bears testimony in
favor of one's character, good conduct, ability, etc., or of the value of a
thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something, as money or plate, presented to a
preson as a token of respect, or of obligation for services
rendered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes`ti*mo"ni*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>testimonialis</i>:
cf. F. <i>testimonial</i>.] <def>Relating to, or containing,
testimony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ti*mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Testimonies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>testimonium</i>, from
<i>testis</i> a witness: cf. OF. <i>testimoine</i>, <i>testemoine</i>,
<i>testimonie</i>. See <u>Testify</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A solemn
declaration or affirmation made for the purpose of establishing or proving
some fact.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Such declaration, in judicial proceedings, may be verbal or
written, but must be under oath or affirmation.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affirmation; declaration; as, these doctrines
are supported by the uniform <i>testimony</i> of the fathers; the belief of
past facts must depend on the evidence of human <i>testimony</i>, or the
<i>testimony</i> of historians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Open attestation; profession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Thou] for the <i>testimony</i> of truth, hast borne<BR>
Universal reproach.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Witness; evidence; proof of some fact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When ye depart thence, shake off the dust under your feet
for a <i>testimony</i> against them.</blockquote> <i>Mark vi. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>The two tables of the
law.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt put into the ark the <i>testimony</i> which I
shall give thee.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxv. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the whole divine revelation; the sacre&?;
Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>testimony</i> of the Lord is sure, making wise the
simple.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xix. 7.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Proof; evidence; attestation; witness; affirmation;
confirmation; averment.  -- <u>Testimony</u>, <u>Proof</u>,
<u>Evidence</u>. <i>Proof</i> is the most familiar, and is used more
frequently (though not exclusively) of facts and things which occur in the
ordinary concerns of life. <i>Evidence</i> is a word of more dignity, and
is more generally applied to that which is moral or intellectual; as, the
<i>evidences</i> of Christianity, etc. <i>Testimony</i> is what is deposed
to by a witness on oath or affirmation. When used figuratively or in a
wider sense, the word <i>testimony</i> has still a reference to some living
agent as its author, as when we speak of the <i>testimony</i> of
conscience, or of doing a thing in <i>testimony</i> of our affection, etc.
<i>Testimony</i> refers rather to the thing declared, <i>evidence</i> to
its value or effect. "To conform our language more to common use, we ought
to divide arguments into demonstrations, <i>proofs</i>, and probabilities;
ba <i>proofs</i>, meaning such arguments from experience as leave no room
for doubt or opposition." <i>Hume.</i> "The <i>evidence</i> of sense is the
first and highest kind of <i>evidence</i> of which human nature is
capable." <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i> "The <i>proof</i> of everything must be by
the <i>testimony</i> of such as the parties produce." <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ti*mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To witness; to
attest; to prove by testimony.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ti*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being testy; fretfulness; petulance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Testiness</i> is a disposition or aptness to be
angry.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Test"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of testing or proving; trial; proof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The operation of refining gold
or silver in a <i>test</i>, or cupel; cupellation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Testing machine</b></col> <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>a machine used in
the determination of the strength of materials, as iron, stone, etc., and
their behavior under strains of various kinds, as elongation, bending,
crushing, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Tes"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Testes</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
testicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tester; a
sixpence.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tes*tone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Pg.
<i>test&atilde;o</i>, <i>tost&atilde;o</i>. See <u>Testoon</u>.] <def>A
silver coin of Portugal, worth about sixpence sterling, or about eleven
cents.</def>  <i>Homans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes*toon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>testone</i>. See
<u>Tester</u> a coin.] <def>An Italian silver coin. The testoon of Rome is
worth 1s. 3d. sterling, or about thirty cents.</def>  <i>Homans.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tes*tu"di*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Testudo</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a
tortoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes*tu`di*na"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the shell of a tortoise;
resembling a tortoise shell; having the color or markings of a tortoise
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tes*tu`di*na"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Nl. See
<u>Testudo</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of reptiles which
includes the turtles and tortoises. The body is covered by a shell
consisting of an upper or dorsal shell, called the <i>carapace</i>, and a
lower or ventral shell, called the <i>plastron</i>, each of which consists
of several plates.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tes*tu"di*nate</hw> (?), <hw>Tes*tu"di*na`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>testudinatus</i>, fr. <i>testudo</i>, <i>-
inis</i>, a tortoise, an arch or vault.] <def>Resembling a tortoise shell
in appearance or structure; roofed; arched; vaulted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes`tu*din"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>testudineus</i>.] <def>Resembling the shell of a tortoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tes*tu"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Testudines</b></plw> (#). [L., from <i>testa</i> the shell of
shellfish, or of testaceous animals.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of tortoises which formerly included a
large number of diverse forms, but is now restricted to certain terrestrial
species, such as the European land tortoise (<i>Testudo Gr&aelig;ca</i>)
and the gopher of the Southern United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A cover or screen which a
body of troops formed with their shields or targets, by holding them over
their heads when standing close to each other. This cover resembled the
back of a tortoise, and served to shelter the men from darts, stones, and
other missiles. A similar defense was sometimes formed of boards, and moved
on wheels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kind of musical instrument. a
species of lyre; -- so called in allusion to the lyre of Mercury, fabled to
have been made of the shell of a tortoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tes"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Testier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Testiest</u>.] [OF.
<i>testu</i> obstinate, headstrong, F. <i>t&ecirc;tu</i>, fr. OF.
<i>teste</i> the head, F. <i>t&ecirc;te</i>. See <u>Test</u> a cupel.]
<def>Fretful; peevish; petulant; easily irritated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Must I observe you? must I stand and crouch<BR>
Under your <i>testy</i> humor?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I was displeased with myself; I was
<i>testy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te*tan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>tetanicus</i>
suffering from tetanus, Gr. &?;, F. <i>t&eacute;tanique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to tetanus;
having the character of tetanus; as, a <i>tetanic</i> state; <i>tetanic</i>
contraction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This condition of muscle, this fusion of a number of simple
spasms into an apparently smooth, continuous effort, is known as tetanus,
or <i>tetanic</i> contraction.</blockquote> <i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>Producing, or tending
to produce, tetanus, or tonic contraction of the muscles; as, a
<i>tetanic</i> remedy. See <u>Tetanic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><! p. 1491 !></p>

<p><hw>Te*tan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. &amp; Med.)</i>
<def>A substance (notably nux vomica, strychnine, and brucine) which,
either as a remedy or a poison, acts primarily on the spinal cord, and
which, when taken in comparatively large quantity, produces tetanic spasms
or convulsions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"a*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>A poisonous base (ptomaine) formed in meat broth through the agency of
a peculiar microbe from the wound of a person who has died of tetanus; --
so called because it produces tetanus as one of its prominent
effects.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Tet`a*ni*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The production or condition of tetanus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"a*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>To throw, as a muscle, into a state of permanent contraction; to cause
tetanus in. See <u>Tetanus</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"a*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetanus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Med. &amp; Physiol.)</i> <def>Resembling tetanus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`a*no*mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>An instrument from tetanizing a muscle by irritating its nerve by
successive mechanical shocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tet"a*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
stretched, &?; to stretch.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A painful
and usually fatal disease, resulting generally from a wound, and having as
its principal symptom persistent spasm of the voluntary muscles. When the
muscles of the lower jaw are affected, it is called <i>locked-jaw</i>, or
<i>lickjaw</i>, and it takes various names from the various incurvations of
the body resulting from the spasm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>That condition of a muscle in
which it is in a state of continued vibratory contraction, as when
stimulated by a series of induction shocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"a*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid
condition resembling tetanus, but distinguished from it by being less
severe and having intermittent spasms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*tard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
gobioid fish (<i>Eleotris gyrinus</i>) of the Southern United States; --
called also <i>sleeper</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*tar`to*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fourth +
&?; base.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Having one fourth the number of planes
which are requisite to complete symmetry.</def> --
<wf>Te*tar`to*he"dral*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Te*tar`to*he"drism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The property of being tetartohedral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*taug"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Tautog</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tetch"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Techiness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tetch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Techy</u>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||T&ecirc;te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., the head. See
<u>Tester</u> a covering.] <def>A kind of wig; false hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>||T&ecirc;te`-&agrave;-t&ecirc;te"</hw>
(t&amacr;t`&adot;*t&amacr;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., head to head. See
<u>Tester</u> a covering, <u>Test</u> a cupel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Private conversation; familiar interview or conference of two
persons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A short sofa intended to accomodate two
persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>||T&ecirc;te`-&agrave;-t&ecirc;te"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Private; confidential; familiar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She avoided <i>t&ecirc;te-&agrave;-t&ecirc;te</i> walks with
him.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||T&ecirc;te`-&agrave;-t&ecirc;te"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Face to face; privately or confidentially; familiarly.</def>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>||T&ecirc;te`-de-pont"</hw> (t&amacr;t`d<i>e</i>*p&ocirc;N"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>T&ecirc;tes-de-pont</b></plw> (#).
[F., head of a bridge.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A work thrown up at the end of a
bridge nearest the enemy, for covering the communications across a river; a
bridgehead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*tel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large African antelope (<i>Alcelaphus tora</i>). It has widely divergent,
strongly ringed horns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly <i>tedder</i>, OE.
<i>tedir</i>; akin to LG. <i>tider</i>, <i>tier</i>, Icel.
<i>tj&omacr;&?;r</i>, Dan. <i>t&ouml;ir</i>. &radic;64.] <def>A long rope
or chain by which an animal is fastened, as to a stake, so that it can
range or feed only within certain limits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teth"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tethered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tethering</u>.] <def>To confine, as an animal, with a long rope or
chain, as for feeding within certain limits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And by a slender cord was <i>tethered</i> to a
stone.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te*thy"dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tethys</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tunicate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Te`thy*o"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Tethys</i> + Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
Tunicata including the common attached ascidians, both simple and compound.
Called also <i>Tethioidea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te"thys</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; an oyster,
or &?; a kind of ascidian.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of a large
naked mollusks having a very large, broad, fringed cephalic disk, and
branched dorsal gills. Some of the species become a foot long and are
brilliantly colored.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ra-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>te`tra-</grk>, from <grk>te`sares</grk>,
<grk>te`ttares</grk>, four. See <u>Four</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
combining form or prefix signifying <i>four</i>, as in <i>tetra</i>basic,
<i>tetra</i>petalous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also used
adjectively) denoting <i>four proportional</i> or <i>combining parts</i> of
the substance or ingredient denoted by the term to which it is prefixed, as
in <i>tetra</i>-chloride, <i>tetr</i>oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*bas"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>basic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of neutralizing four molecules
of a monacid base; having four hydrogen atoms capable of replacement by
bases; quadribasic; -- said of certain acids; thus, normal silicic acid,
Si(OH)<sub>4</sub>, is a <i>tetrabasic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*bor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>boric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Pyroboric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tet`ra*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Tetra-</u>, and <u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
Cephalopoda having four gills. Among living species it includes only the
pearly nautilus. Numerous genera and species are found in the fossil state,
such as Ammonites, Baculites, Orthoceras, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*bran`chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra</i> +
<i>branchiate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Tetrabranchiata.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Tetrabranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*car"pel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>carpellary</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Composed of four carpels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ra*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tetrachordon</i>,
Gr. &?;, from &?; four-stringed; <grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) +
&?; a chord: cf. F. <i>t&eacute;trachorde</i>.] <i>(Anc. Mus.)</i> <def>A
scale series of four sounds, of which the extremes, or first and last,
constituted a fourth. These extremes were immutable; the two middle sounds
were changeable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*chot"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>te`tracha</grk> in four parts + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a division by fours; separated into four parts or
series, or into series of fours.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet*rac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra</i> +
<i>acid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of neutralizing four molecules of
a monobasic acid; having four hydrogen atoms capable of replacement ba
acids or acid atoms; -- said of certain bases; thus, erythrine,
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>6</sub>(OH)<sub>4</sub>, is a <i>tetracid</i>
alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*coc"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Tetra-</u>,
and <u>Coccus</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having four cocci, or
carpels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*co"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; with four
members; <grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?; limb, member.]
<i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A stanza or division in lyric poetry, consisting of
four verses or lines.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Te`tra*co*ral"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Tetra-</u>, and <u>Corallum</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Rugosa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*trac`ti*nel"lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of sponge of the division
Tetractinellida. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Te*trac`ti*nel"li*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>te`tra-</grk> tetra- + &?;, &?;, ray, spoke.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of Spongi&aelig; in which the spicules are siliceous and
have four branches diverging at right angles. Called also
<i>Tetractinellin&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"rad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tetras</i>, <i>-
adis</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;: cf. F. <i>t&eacute;trade</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The number four; a collection of four things; a quaternion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A tetravalent or quadrivalent
atom or radical; as, carbon is a <i>tetrad</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tet`ra*dac"tyl</hw>, <hw>Tet`ra*dac"tyle</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>t&eacute;tradactyle</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Tetradactylous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?; finger, toe.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having, or characterized by, four digits to the
foot or hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*dec"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> + Gr.
&?; ten.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A light oily hydrocarbon,
C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>30</sub>, of the marsh-gas series; -- so called from
the fourteen carbon atoms in the molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tet`ra*de*cap"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Tetra-</u>, and <u>Decapoda</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Arthrostraca</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet*rad"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a tetrad; possessing or having the characteristics of a
tetrad; as, a carbon is a <i>tetradic</i> element.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ra*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tetrad</u>.]
<def>A person in some way remarkable with regard to the number four, as one
born on the <i>fourth</i> day of the month, or one who reverenced
<i>four</i> persons in the Godhead.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ra*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Tetrodon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ra*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Tetrodont</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tet"ra*drachm</hw> (?), <hw>||Tet`ra*drach"ma</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>tetradrachma</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>tetra`drachmon</grk>; <grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) +
<grk>drachmh`</grk> drachm, drachma.] <def>A silver coin among the ancient
Greeks, of the value of four drachms.</def> The Attic <i>tetradrachm</i>
was equal to 3s. 3d. sterling, or about 76 cents.</p>

<p><hw>Tet*rad"y*mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>tetra`dymos</grk> fourfold. So named from its occurrence in compound
twin crystals, or fourlings.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A telluride of bismuth. It
is of a pale steel-gray color and metallic luster, and usually occurs in
foliated masses. Called also <i>telluric bismuth</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tet`ra*dy*na"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?; power.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Linn&aelig;an class of plants having six stamens, four of which are longer
than the others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*dy*na"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A plant of the order Tetradynamia.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tet`ra*dy*na"mi*an</hw> (?), <hw>Tet`ra*dyn"a*mous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Belonging to the order
Tetradynamia; having six stamens, four of which are uniformly longer than
the others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ra*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tetragonum</i>, Gr.
<grk>tetra`gwnon</grk>; <grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) +
<grk>gwni`a</grk> corner, angle: cf. F. <i>t&eacute;tragone</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane figure having four sides and
angles; a quadrangle, as a square, a rhombus, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>An aspect of two planets with
regard to the earth when they are distant from each other ninety degrees,
or the fourth of a circle.</def>  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te*trag"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a tetragon; having four angles or
sides; thus, the square, the parallelogram, the rhombus, and the trapezium
are <i>tetragonal</i> fingers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having four prominent longitudinal
angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Designating, or belonging
to, a certain system of crystallization; dimetric. See <i>Tetragonal
system</i>, under <u>Crystallization</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tet`ra*gram"ma*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?;; <grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?; a letter.] <def>The
mystic number four, which was often symbolized to represent the Deity,
whose name was expressed by four letters among some ancient nations; as,
the Hebrew <i>JeHoVaH</i>, Greek <grk>qeo`s</grk>, Latin <i>deus</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tet`ra*gyn"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + <grk>gynh`</grk> a woman, female.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an order of plants having four
styles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tet`ra*gyn"i*an</hw> (?), <hw>Te*trag"y*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Belonging to the order Tetragynia;
having four styles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Tetrahedron</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having, or composed of, four
sides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having
the form of the regular tetrahedron.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Pertaining or related to a tetrahedron, or to the system of hemihedral
forms to which the tetrahedron belongs.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tetrahedral angle</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a solid angle
bounded or inclosed by four plane angles.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*he"dral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tetrahedral
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*he"drite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because
the crystals of the species are commonly <i>tetrahedrons</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A sulphide of antimony and copper, with small quantities
of other metals. It is a very common ore of copper, and some varieties
yield a considerable presentage of silver. Called also <i>gray copper
ore</i>, <i>fahlore</i>, and <i>panabase</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> + Gr.
&?; seat, base, fr. &?; to sit.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid figure
inclosed or bounded by four triangles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In crystallography, the regular tetrahedron is regarded as the
hemihedral form of the regular octahedron.</p>

<p><col><b>Regular tetrahedron</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a solid
bounded by four equal equilateral triangles; one of the five regular
solids.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*hex`a*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a tetrahexahedron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*hex`a*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>hexahedron</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A solid in the isometric
system, bounded by twenty-four equal triangular faces, four corresponding
to each face of the cube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*kis*hex`a*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
four times + E. <i>hexahedron</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A
tetrahexahedron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ra*ko*sane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> + Gr.
&?; twenty.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon,
C<sub>24</sub>H<sub>50</sub>, resembling paraffin, and like it belonging to
the marsh-gas series; -- so called from having <i>twenty-four</i> atoms of
carbon in the molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*tral"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; <grk>te`tra-
</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?; a speech, discourse: cf. F.
<i>t&eacute;tralogie</i>.] <i>(Gr. Drama)</i> <def>A group or series of
four dramatic pieces, three tragedies and one satyric, or comic, piece (or
sometimes four tragedies), represented consequently on the Attic stage at
the Dionysiac festival.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A group or series of three tragedies, exhibited together without
a fourth piese, was called a <i>trilogy</i>.</p>

<p><hw>||Te*tram"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Tetramerous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Coleoptera
having, apparently, only four tarsal joints, one joint being
rudimentary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*tram"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> + Gr.
&?; part.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the parts arranged
in sets of four; as, a <i>tetramerous</i> flower.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having four joints in each
of the tarsi; -- said of certain insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*tram"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tetrametrus</i>,
Gr. &?;; <grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?; a measure: cf. F.
<i>t&eacute;tram&egrave;tre</i>.] <i>(GR. &amp; Latin Pros.)</i> <def>A verse
or line consisting of four measures, that is, in iambic, trochaic, and
anapestic verse, of eight feet; in other kinds of verse, of four
feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*meth"yl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>methylene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A hypothetical
hydrocarbon, C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub>, analogous to trimethylene, and
regarded as the base of well-known series or derivatives.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sometimes, an isomeric radical used to designate
certain compounds which are really related to butylene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ra*morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> + Gr. &?;
form, figure: cf. Gr. &?; fourfold.] <i>(Christian Art)</i> <def>The union
of the four attributes of the Evangelists in one figure, which is
represented as winged, and standing on winged fiery wheels, the wings being
covered with eyes. The representations of it are evidently suggested by the
vision of Ezekiel (ch. i.)</def></p>

<p><hw>||Te*tran"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?;, &?;, a man, male.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of plants having four
stamens.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Te*tran"dri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Te*tran"drous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Belonging to the class
Tetrandria.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1492 !></p>

<p><hw>Te*tra"o*nid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tetrao</i> a
heath cock, grouse, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>t&eacute;traonide</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bird belonging to the tribe of which the genus
<i>Tetrao</i> is the type, as the grouse, partridge, quail, and the like.
Used also adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>petal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Containing four distinct petals, or
flower leaves; as, a <i>tetrapetalous</i> corolla.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tet`ra*phar"ma*com</hw> (?), <hw>Tet`ra*phar"ma*cum</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>tetrapharmacon</i>, L. <i>tetrapharmacum</i>,
Gr. &?;; <grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?; a drug.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A combination of wax, resin, lard, and pitch, composing
an ointment.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*phe"nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>phenol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Furfuran.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Te*traph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> + Gr.
&?; a leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having four leaves; consisting of four
distinct leaves or leaflets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tet"ra*pla</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; etymologically
<pos><i>pl.</i></pos>, but syntactically <pos><i>sing.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>tetraplo`os</grk>, <grk>tetraploy^s</grk>, fourfold.] <def>A Bible
consisting of four different Greek versions arranged in four columns by
Origen; hence, any version in four languages or four columns.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tet`rap*neu"mo*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Tetra-</u>, and <u>Pneumo-</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
Arachnida including those spiders which have four lungs, or pulmonary sacs.
It includes the bird spiders (Mygale) and the trapdoor spiders. See
<u>Mygale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`rap*nue*mo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Tetrapneumona.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ra*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fourfooted;
<grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?;, &?;, foot.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect characterized by having but four perfect
legs, as certain of the butterflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*trap"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>A set of
four feet; a measure or distance of four feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*trap"ter*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Tetrapterous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An insect having four
wings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*trap"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?; wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having four wings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"rap*tote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tetraptotum</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A noun that has four cases only.</def>
<i>Andrews.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te"trarch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tetrarches</i>, Gr.
&?;, &?;; <grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?; a ruler, &?; to
lead; rule: cf. F. <i>t&eacute;trarque</i>. See <u>Arch</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A Roman governor of the
fourth part of a province; hence, any subordinate or dependent prince;
also, a petty king or sovereign.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te"trarch</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Four.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Te*trarch"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>t&eacute;trarchat</i>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A tetrarchy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*trarch"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a tetrarch or tetrarchy.</def>  <i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tet"rarch*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tetrarchies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>tetrarchia</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>t&eacute;trarchie</i>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>The district under a
Roman tetrarch; the office or jurisdiction of a tetrarch; a
tetrarchate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*schis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; divided
into four parts; <grk>te`tra-</grk> tetra- + &?; to split.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Characterized by division into four parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*sep"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>sepal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having four sepals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*spas"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?; to draw, pull.] <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>A machine in which four pulleys act together.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*sper"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> + Gr.
&?; a seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having four seeds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tetraspermous plant</b></col>, <cd>a plant which produces four
seeds in each flower.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ra*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A nonsexual spore, one of a group of four
regularly occurring in red seaweeds.</def> -- <wf>Tet`ra*spor"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Te*tras"tich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tetrastichon</i>,
Gr. &?;; <grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?; a row, verse.] <def>A
stanza, epigram, or poem, consisting of four verses or lines.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ra*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tetrastylon</i>,
Gr. &?; with four pillars in front; <grk>te`tra-</grk> (see <u>Tetra-</u>)
+ &?; a column.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Having four columns in front; -- said
of a temple, portico, or colonnade.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
tetrastyle building.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tet`ra*syl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Tet`ra*syl*lab"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>t&eacute;trasyllabique</i>.]
<def>Consisting of, or having, four syllables; quadrisyllabic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ra*syl`la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>syllable</i>: cf. Gr. &?; of four syllables.] <def>A word consisting of
four syllables; a quadrisyllable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*the"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>thecal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having four loculaments, or
thec&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*thi"on*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of tetrathionic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*thi*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>thionic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a
thionic derivative, H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, of sulphuric
acid, obtained as a colorless, odorless liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ra*tom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>atomic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Consisting of four
atoms; having four atoms in the molecule, as phosphorus and arsenic.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having a valence of four; quadrivalent;
tetravalent; sometimes, in a specific sense, having four hydroxyl groups,
whether acid or basic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*trav"a*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The quality or state of being tetravalent; quadrivalence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*trav"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> + L.
<i>valens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having a valence
of four; tetratomic; quadrivalent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*trax"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
<i>axile</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having four branches diverging at
right angles; -- said of certain spicules of sponges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet*raz"o-</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> + <i>azo-
</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also used adjectively),
designating any one of a series of double derivatives of the azo and diazo
compounds <i>containing four atoms of nitrogen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ra*zone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any
one of a certain series of basic compounds containing a chain of four
nitrogen atoms; for example, ethyl <i>tetrazone</i>,
(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>N.
N<sub>2</sub>.N(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, a colorless 
liquid having an odor of leeks.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tet"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Tet"ri*cal</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>tetricus</i>, taetricus, from <i>teter</i>, <i>taeter</i>,
offensive, foul.] <def>Forward; perverse; harsh; sour; rugged.</def> [Obs.]
-- <wf>Tet"ric*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Te*tric"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tetricitas</i>,
<i>taetricitas</i>.] <def>Crabbedness; perverseness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tet"ric*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tetric.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Te*trin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Tetra-</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a complex ketonic
acid, C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, obtained as a white
crystalline substance; -- so called because once supposed to contain a
peculiar radical of <i>four</i> carbon atoms. Called also <i>acetyl-acrylic
acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ro*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> + Gr. &?;,
&?;, tooth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
plectognath fishes belonging to <i>Tetrodon</i> and allied genera. Each jaw
is furnished with two large, thick, beaklike, bony teeth.</def> [Written
also <i>tetradon</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The skin is usually spinous, and the belly is capable of being
greatly distended by air or water. It includes the swellfish, puffer
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, and similar species.</p>

<p><hw>Tet"ro*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the tetrodons.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A tetrodon.</def> [Written also <i>tetradont</i>, and
<i>tetraodont</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tet"rol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetra-</i> +
benz<i>ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical hydrocarbon,
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>4</sub>, analogous to benzene; -- so called from the
<i>four</i> carbon atoms in the molecule.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tetrol phenol</b></col>, <cd>furfuran.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tet*rol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or designating, an acid,
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub>.CO<sub>2</sub>H, of the acetylene series,
homologous with propiolic acid, obtained as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet*rox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetr</i>a- +
<i>oxide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oxide having four atoms of oxygen in
the molecule; a quadroxide; as, osmium <i>tetroxide</i>, OsO&?;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ryl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetr</i>a- + <i>-yl</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Butyl; -- so called from the <i>four</i> carbon atoms
in the molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ryl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tetr</i>a- +
eth<i>ylene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Butylene; -- so called from the
<i>four</i> carbon atoms in the molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>teter</i>, AS.
<i>teter</i>, <i>tetr</i>; akin to G. <i>zitter</i>, <i>zitter</i>mal, OHG.
<i>zittar</i>och, Skr. <i>dadru</i>, <i>dadruka</i>, a sort of skin
disease. &radic;63, 240.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A vesicular disease of the
skin; herpes. See <u>Herpes</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Honeycomb tetter</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>favus.</cd> --
<col><b>Moist tetter</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>eczema.</cd> --
<col><b>Scaly tetter</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>psoriasis.</cd> --
<col><b>Tetter berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the white
bryony.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tettered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tettering</u>.] <def>To affect with tetter.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the character
of, or pertaining to, tetter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ter-tot`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Teeter</u>.]
<def>A certain game of children; seesaw; -- called also <i>titter-
totter</i>, and <i>titter-cum-totter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ter*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant used as a remedy for tetter, -- in England the calendine, in America
the bloodroot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet`ti*go"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, dim. of &?;
a kind of grasshopper.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of Hemiptera belonging to <i>Tettigonia</i> and allied genera; a
leaf hopper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Testy</u>.]
<def>Captious; testy.</def> [Written also <i>teatish</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Beau.
& Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tet"tix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a kind of
grasshopper.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cicada.</def>
[Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small
grasshoppers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Testy; irritable.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teu"fit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
lapwing; -- called also <i>teuchit</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Teuk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
redshank.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Teu"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Teutons</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Teutones</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>Teutones</i>, <i>Teutoni</i>, the name of a Germanic people, probably
akin to E. <i>Dutch</i>.  Cf. <u>Dutch</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of
an ancient German tribe; later, a name applied to any member of the
Germanic race in Europe; now used to designate a German, Dutchman,
Scandinavian, etc., in distinction from a Celt or one of a Latin
race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member of the Teutonic branch of the Indo-
European, or Aryan, family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teu*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Teutonicus</i>,
from <i>Teutoni</i>, or <i>Teutones</i>. See <u>Teuton</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the Teutons, esp. the ancient
Teutons; Germanic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to any of the Teutonic
languages, or the peoples who speak these languages.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Teutonic languages</b></col>, <cd>a group of languages forming a
division of the Indo-European, or Aryan, family, and embracing the High
German, Low German, Gothic, and Scandinavian dialects and languages.</cd> -
- <col><b>Teutonic order</b></col>, <cd>a military religious order of
knights, established toward the close of the twelfth century, in imitation
of the Templars and Hospitalers, and composed chiefly of Teutons, or
Germans. The order rapidly increased in numbers and strength till it became
master of all Prussia, Livonia, and Pomerania. In its decay it was
abolished by Napoleon; but it has been revived as an honorary
order.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Teu*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of the
ancient Germans; the Teutonic languages, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teu*ton"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mode of speech
peculiar to the Teutons; a Teutonic idiom, phrase, or expression; a
Teutonic mode or custom; a Germanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tewing</u>.] [OE. <i>tewen</i>, <i>tawen</i>. &radic;64. See <u>Taw</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prepare by beating or
working, as leather or hemp; to taw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to beat; to scourge; also, to pull about;
to maul; to tease; to vex.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Tew</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To work hard; to strive; to
fuse.</def> [Local]</p>

<p><hw>Tew</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Taw</u> to tow,
<u>Tow</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To tow along, as a vessel.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rope or chain for towing a
boat; also, a cord; a string.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Te"wan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe
of American Indians including many of the Pueblos of New Mexico and
adjacent regions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tewed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fatigued; worn with labor
or hardship.</def> [Obs. or Local]  <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tew"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tuel</i>, OF.
<i>tuiel</i>, <i>tuel</i>, F. <i>tuyau</i>; of Teutonic origin; cf. Dan.
<i>tud</i>, D. <i>tuit</i>, Prov. G. <i>zaute</i>.  Cf.
<u>Tuy&egrave;re</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pipe, funnel, or chimney,
as for smoke.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The tuy&egrave;re of a furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te"whit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
lapwing; -- called also <i>teewheep</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tew"taw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Tew</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To beat; to break, as flax or hemp.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tex"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A structure on the
hurricane deck of a steamer, containing the pilot house, officers' cabins,
etc.</def> [Western U. S.]  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Text</hw> (t&ebreve;kst), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>texte</i>, L.
<i>textus</i>, texture, structure, context, fr. <i>texere</i>,
<i>textum</i>, to weave, construct, compose; cf. Gr. <grk>te`ktwn</grk>
carpenter, Skr. <i>taksh</i> to cut, carve, make.  Cf. <u>Context</u>,
<u>Mantle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Pretext</u>, <u>Tissue</u>,
<u>Toil</u> a snare.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A discourse or composition on
which a note or commentary is written; the original words of an author, in
distinction from a paraphrase, annotation, or commentary.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>The four Gospels, by way of
distinction or eminence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A verse or passage of Scripture, especially one
chosen as the subject of a sermon, or in proof of a doctrine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How oft, when Paul has served us with a <i>text</i>,<BR>
Has Epictetus, Plato, Tully, preached!</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, anything chosen as the subject of an
argument, literary composition, or the like; topic; theme.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A style of writing in large characters; text-
hand also, a kind of type used in printing; as, German
<i>text</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Text blindness</b></col>. <i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>See <i>Word
blindness</i>, under <u>Word</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Text letter</b></col>,
<cd>a large or capital letter.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Text pen</b></col>,
<cd>a kind of metallic pen used in engrossing, or in writing text-
hand.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Text</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To write in large
characters, as in text hand.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Text"-book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
book with wide spaces between the lines, to give room for notes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A volume, as of some classical author, on which
a teacher lectures or comments; hence, any manual of instruction; a
schoolbook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Text"-hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large hand in
writing; -- so called because it was the practice to write the text of a
book in a large hand and the notes in a smaller hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tex"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>textilis</i>, fr.
<i>texere</i> to weave: cf. F. <i>textile</i>. See <u>Text</u>.]
<def>Pertaining to weaving or to woven fabrics; as, <i>textile</i> arts;
woven, capable of being woven; formed by weaving; as, <i>textile</i>
fabrics.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Textile cone</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a beautiful cone
shell (<i>Conus textilis</i>) in which the colors are arranged so that they
resemble certain kinds of cloth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tex"tile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is, or may be,
woven; a fabric made by weaving.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Text"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Textmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One ready in quoting texts.</def>
[R.]  <i>Bp. Sanderston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tex*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>textorius</i>,
fr. <i>textor</i> a weaver, fr. <i>texere</i>, <i>textum</i>, to weave.]
<def>Of or pertaining to weaving.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tex"trine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>textrinus</i>, for
<i>textorinus</i>, fr. <i>textor</i> a weaver.] <def>Of or pertaining to
weaving, textorial; as, the <i>textrine</i> art.</def>  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tex"tu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>textuel</i>, F.
<i>textuel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or contained
in, the text; as, <i>textual</i> criticism; a <i>textual</i> reading.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Serving for, or depending on, texts.</def>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Familiar with texts or authorities so as to cite
them accurately.</def> "I am not <i>textuel</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tex"tu*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A textman; a
textuary.</def>  <i>Lightfoot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tex"tu*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a textual manner;
in the text or body of a work; in accordance with the text.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tex"tu*a*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A textuary.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tex"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>textuaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Contained in the text;
textual.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Serving as a text; authoritative.</def>
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tex"tu*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>textuaire</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who is well versed in the Scriptures; a
textman.</def>  <i>Bp. Bull.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who adheres strictly or rigidly to the
text.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tex"tu*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Textual.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tex"tu*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A textualist; a
textman.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The crabbed <i>textualists</i> of his time.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tex"tur*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
texture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tex"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>textura</i>, fr.
<i>texere</i>, <i>textum</i>, to weave: cf. F. <i>texture</i>. See
<u>Text</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or art of weaving.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which woven; a woven fabric; a web.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Others, apart far in the grassy dale,<BR>
Or roughening waste, their humble <i>texture</i> weave.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The disposition or connection of threads,
filaments, or other slender bodies, interwoven; as, the <i>texture</i> of
cloth or of a spider's web.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The disposition of the several parts of any body
in connection with each other, or the manner in which the constituent parts
are united; structure; as, the <i>texture</i> of earthy substances or
minerals; the <i>texture</i> of a plant or a bone; the <i>texture</i> of
paper; a loose or compact <i>texture</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A tissue. See
<u>Tissue</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1493 !></p>

<p><hw>Tex"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Textured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Texturing</u>.] <def>To form a texture of or with; to interweave.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tex"tur*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or process of
weaving; texture.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Teyne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tain</u>.] <def>A thin
plate of metal.</def> [Obs.] "A <i>teyne</i> of silver."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Th</hw>. <def>In Old English, the article <i>the</i>, when the
following word began with a vowel, was often written with elision as if a
part of the word. Thus in Chaucer, the forms <i>thabsence</i>,
<i>tharray</i>, <i>thegle</i>, <i>thend</i>, <i>thingot</i>, etc., are
found for <i>the absence</i>, <i>the array</i>, <i>the eagle</i>, <i>the
end</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Thack</hw> (?), <hw>Thack"er</hw> (?) }. <def>See <u>Thatch</u>,
<u>Thatcher</u>.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Thak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To thwack.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Thal`a*men*ceph"a*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Thalamus</u>, and <u>Encephalon</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The segment of
the brain next in front of the midbrain, including the thalami, pineal
gland, and pituitary body; the diencephalon; the interbrain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tha*lam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a thalamus or to thalami.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Thal`a*mi*flo"ral</hw> (?), <hw>Thal`a*mi*flo"rous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Thalamus</u>, and <u>Floral</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing the stamens directly on the receptacle; -- said
of a subclass of polypetalous dicotyledonous plants in the system of De
Candolle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal"a*mo*c&oelig;le`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Thalam</i>ic + Gr. <grk>koi^los</grk> hollow.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
cavity or ventricle of the thalamencephalon; the third ventricle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Thal`a*moph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>qa`lamos</grk> chamber + &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Foraminifera</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Thal"a*mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Thalami</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>thalamus</i> chamber, Gr.
<grk>qa`lamos</grk>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A mass of
nervous matter on either side of the third ventricle of the brain; --
called also <i>optic thalamus</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as
<u>Thallus</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The receptacle of a flower;
a torus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tha*las"si*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; the sea.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any sea tortoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tha*las"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the sea.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the sea; -- sometimes applied to
rocks formed from sediments deposited upon the sea bottom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal`as*sin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of <i>Thalaassinid&aelig;</i>, a family of burrowing
macrurous Crustacea, having a long and soft abdomen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal`as*sog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sea +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The study or science of the life of marine
organisms.</def>  <i>Agassiz.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tha"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. See <u>Dollar</u>.]
<def>A German silver coin worth about three shillings sterling, or about 73
cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tha*li"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
<grk>Qa`leia</grk>, originally, blooming, luxuriant, akin to
<grk>qa`llein</grk> to be luxuriant.] <i>(Class. Myth.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That one of the nine Muses who presided over
comedy.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the three Graces.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One of the Nereids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tha`li*a"ce*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Thalia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Tunicata comprising
the free-swimming species, such as Salpa and Doliolum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tha*li"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Thalia; hence, of or pertaining to comedy; comic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt
of a hypothetical thallic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal"lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
hydrocarbon obtained from coal-tar residues, and remarkable for its intense
yellowish green fluorescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to thallium; derived from, or containing, thallium;
specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a higher
valence as contrasted with the <i>thallous</i> compounds; as,
<i>thallic</i> oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Consisting of a thallus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a young shoot or
branch.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An artificial alkaloid of the quinoline
series, obtained as a white crystalline substance,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>13</sub>NO, whose salts are valuable as antipyretics; -
- so called from the <i>green</i> color produced in its solution by certain
oxidizing agents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal"li*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Thallous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; young or
green shoot or branch, twig. So called from a characteristic bright
<i>green</i> line in its spectrum.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic
element of the aluminium group found in some minerals, as certain pyrites,
and also in the lead-chamber deposit in the manufacture of sulphuric acid.
It is isolated as a heavy, soft, bluish white metal, easily oxidized in
moist air, but preserved by keeping under water. Symbol Tl. Atomic weight
203.7.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal"lo*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; young shoot or
branch, frond + <i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of a large class or
division of the vegetable kingdom, which includes those flowerless plants,
such as fungi, alg&aelig;, and lichens, that consist of a thallus only,
composed of cellular tissue, or of a congeries of cells, or even of
separate cells, and never show a distinction into root, stem, and
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Thallus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Resembling, or consisting of,
thallus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal"lo*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; young shoot +
&?; plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Thallogen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to thallium; derived from, or containing, thallium;
specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a lower
valence as contrasted with the <i>thallic</i> compounds.</def> [Written
also <i>thallious</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Thal"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Thalli</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; young shoot or branch,
frond.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A solid mass of cellular tissue, consisting of
one or more layers, usually in the form of a flat stratum or expansion, but
sometimes erect or pendulous, and elongated and branching, and forming the
substance of the thallogens.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tham"muz</hw> (?), <hw>Tam"muz</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Heb. <i>thamm&umacr;z</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A deity among the
ancient Syrians, in honor of whom the Hebrew idolatresses held an annual
lamentation. This deity has been conjectured to be the same with the
Ph&oelig;nician Adon, or Adonis.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The fourth month of the Jewish ecclesiastical
year, -- supposed to correspond nearly with our month of July.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tham"no*phile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>qa`mnos</grk>
a bush + <grk>fi`los</grk> loving.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bush
shrike.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tha"myn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
Asiatic deer (<i>Rucervus Eldi</i>) resembling the swamp deer; -- called
also <i>Eld's deer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Than</hw> (&thlig;&abreve;n), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>than</i>, <i>thon</i>, <i>then</i>, <i>thanne</i>, <i>thonne</i>,
<i>thenne</i>, than, then, AS. <i>&eth;anne</i>, <i>&eth;onne</i>,
<i>&eth;&aelig;nne</i>; akin to D. <i>dan</i>, OHG. <i>danne</i>, G.
<i>dann</i> then, <i>denn</i> than, for, Goth. <i>&thorn;an</i> then, and
to E. <i>the</i>, <i>there</i>, <i>that</i>. See <u>That</u>, and cf.
<u>Then</u>.] <def>A particle expressing comparison, used after certain
adjectives and adverbs which express comparison or diversity, as
<i>more</i>, <i>better</i>, <i>other</i>, <i>otherwise</i>, and the like.
It is usually followed by the object compared in the nominative case.
Sometimes, however, the object compared is placed in the objective case,
and <i>than</i> is then considered by some grammarians as a preposition.
Sometimes the object is expressed in a sentence, usually introduced by
<i>that</i>; as, I would rather suffer <i>than</i> that you should
want.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, a greater <i>than</i> Solomon is here.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xii. 42.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which when Beelzebub perceived, <i>than</i> whom,<BR>
Satan except, none higher sat.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It's wiser being good <i>than</i> bad;<BR>
It's safer being meek <i>than</i> fierce;<BR>
It's fitter being sane <i>than</i> mad.</blockquote> <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Than</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Then. See <u>Then</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Thanne</i> longen folk to gon on
pilgrimages.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Than"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The district in which a
thane anciently had jurisdiction; thanedom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Than"a*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>qa`natos</grk>
death + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Deathlike; resembling death.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Than`a*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>qa`natos</grk> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A description, or the doctrine,
of death.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Than`a*top"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>qa`natos</grk> death + <grk>'o`psis</grk> view.] <def>A view of death;
a meditation on the subject of death.</def>  <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thane</hw> (th&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thein</i>,
<i>&thorn;ein</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;egen</i>, <i>&thorn;egn</i>; akin to OHG.
<i>degan</i> a follower, warrior, boy, MHG. <i>degen</i> a hero, G.
<i>degen</i> hero, soldier, Icel. <i>&thorn;egn</i> a thane, a freeman;
probably akin to Gr. <grk>te`knon</grk> a child, <grk>ti`ktein</grk> to
bear, beget, or perhaps to Goth. <i>&thorn;ius</i> servant, AS.
<i>&thorn;e&oacute;w</i>, G. <i>dienen</i> to serve.] <def>A dignitary
under the Anglo-Saxons and Danes in England. Of these there were two
orders, the king's thanes, who attended the kings in their courts and held
lands immediately of them, and the ordinary thanes, who were lords of
manors and who had particular jurisdiction within their limits. After the
Conquest, this title was disused, and <i>baron</i> took its
place.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the ancient Scots, <i>thane</i> was a title of honor, which
seems gradually to have declined in its significance.  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thane"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The property or
jurisdiction of a thane; thanage.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thane"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character or
dignity of a thane; also, thanes, collectively.</def>  <i>J. R.
Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thane"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or dignity of a
thane; thanehood; also, the seignioralty of a thane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thank</hw> (th&abreve;&nsmac;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Thanks</b></plw> (#). [AS. <i>&thorn;anc</i>, <i>&thorn;onc</i>,
thanks, favor, thought; akin to OS. <i>thank</i> favor, pleasure, thanks,
D. &amp; G. <i>dank</i> thanks, Icel. <i>&thorn;&ouml;kk</i>, Dan. <i>tak</i>,
Sw. <i>tack</i>, Goth. <i>&thorn;agks</i> thanks; -- originally, a thought,
a thinking. See <u>Think</u>.] <def>A expression of gratitude; an
acknowledgment expressive of a sense of favor or kindness received;
obligation, claim, or desert, or gratitude; -- now generally used in the
plural.</def> "This ceremonial <i>thanks</i>."  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If ye do good to them which do good to you, what
<i>thank</i> have ye? for sinners also do even the same.</blockquote>
<i>Luke vi. 33.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What great <i>thank</i>, then, if any man, reputed wise and
constant, will neither do, nor permit others under his charge to do, that
which he approves not, especially in matter of sin?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Thanks</i>, <i>thanks</i> to thee, most worthy
friend,<BR>
For the lesson thou hast taught.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>His thanks</b></col>, <col><b>Her thanks</b></col>, etc., <cd>of
his or her own accord; with his or her good will; voluntary.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Full sooth is said that love ne lordship,<BR>
Will not, <i>his thanks</i>, have no fellowship.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>In thank</b></col>, <cd>with thanks or thankfulness.</cd>
[Obs.] -- <col><b>Thank offering</b></col>, <cd>an offering made as an
expression of thanks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thank</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Thanked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Thanking</u>.] [AS. <i>&thorn;ancian</i>. See <u>Thank</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To express gratitude to (anyone) for a favor; to
make acknowledgments to (anyone) for kindness bestowed; -- used also
ironically for <i>blame</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Graunt mercy, lord, that <i>thank</i> I you," quod
she.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>thank</i> thee for thine honest care.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Weigh the danger with the doubtful bliss,<BR>
And <i>thank</i> yourself if aught should fall amiss.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thank"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&thorn;ancfull</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Obtaining or deserving
thanks; thankworthy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ladies, look here; this is the <i>thankful</i> glass<BR>
That mends the looker's eyes; this is the well<BR>
That washes what it shows.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Impressed with a sense of kindness received, and
ready to acknowledge it; grateful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be <i>thankful</i> unto him, and bless his
name.</blockquote> <i>Ps. c. 4.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Thank"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Thank"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Thank"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
acknowledging favors; not expressing thankfulness; unthankful;
ungrateful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That she may feel<BR>
How sharper than a serpent's tooth it is<BR>
To have a <i>thankless</i> child!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not obtaining or deserving thanks; unacceptable;
as, a <i>thankless</i> task.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To shepherd <i>thankless</i>, but by thieves that love the
night allowed.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Thank"less*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Thank"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Thank"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Thankfully.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sylvester (Du Bartas).</i></p>

<p><hw>Thanks"give</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give or
dedicate in token of thanks.</def> [Obs. or R.]  <i>Mede.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thanks"giv`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gives
thanks, or acknowledges a kindness.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thanks"giv`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of rending thanks, or expressing gratitude for favors or
mercies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every creature of God is good, and nothing to be refused, if
it be received with <i>thanksgiving</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Tim. iv.
4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>thanksgiving</i> before meat.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And taught by thee the Church prolongs<BR>
Her hymns of high <i>thanksgiving</i> still.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A public acknowledgment or celebration of divine
goodness; also, a day set apart for religious services, specially to
acknowledge the goodness of God, either in any remarkable deliverance from
calamities or danger, or in the ordinary dispensation of his
bounties.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States it is now customary for the President by
proclamation to appoint annually a day (usually the last Thursday in
November) of thanksgiving and praise to God for the mercies of the past
year. This is an extension of the custom long prevailing in several States
in which an annual Thanksgiving day has been appointed by proclamation of
the governor.</p>

<p><hw>Thank"wor`thi*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being thankworthy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thank"wor`thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deserving thanks;
worthy of gratitude; mreitorious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For this <i>thankworthy</i>, if a man, for conscience toward
God, endure grief, suffering wrongfully.</blockquote> <i>1 Pet. ii.
19.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
goatlike animal (<i>Capra Jemlaica</i>) native of the Himalayas. It has
small, flattened horns, curved directly backward. The hair of the neck,
shoulders, and chest of the male is very long, reaching to the knees.
Called also <i>serow</i>, and <i>imo</i>.</def> [Written also <i>thaar</i>,
and <i>tahr</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Thar</hw>, <pos><i>v. impersonal, pres.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thar</i>,
<i>&thorn;arf</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;earf</i>, infin. <i>&thorn;urfan</i> to
need; akin to OHG. <i>durfan</i>, G. <i>d&uuml;rfen</i> to be allowed,
Icel. <i>&thorn;urfa</i> to need, Goth. <i>&thorn;a&uacute;rban</i>.]
<def>It needs; need.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>thar</i> thee reck or care?</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tharms</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&thorn;earm</i> a
gut; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>darm</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;armr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>tarm</i>. &radic;53.] <def>Twisted guts.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tha"ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small American butterfly (<i>Phycoides tharos</i>) having the upper surface
of the wings variegated with orange and black, the outer margins black with
small white crescents; -- called also <i>pearl crescent</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>That</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron., a., conj., &amp; adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&eth;&aelig;t</i>, neuter nom. &amp; acc. sing. of the article (originally a
demonstrative pronoun). The nom. masc. <i>s&emacr;</i>, and the nom. fem.
<i>se&oacute;</i> are from a different root. AS. <i>&eth;&aelig;t</i> is
akin to D. <i>dat</i>, G. <i>das</i>, OHG. <i>daz</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>det</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;at</i> (masc. <i>s&amacr;</i>, fem.
<i>s&omacr;</i>), Goth. <i>&thorn;ata</i> (masc. <i>sa</i>, fem.
<i>s&omacr;</i>), Gr. &?; (masc. &?;, fem. &?;), Skr. <i>tat</i> (for
<i>tad</i>, masc. <i>sas</i>, fem. <i>s&amacr;</i>); cf. L. is<i>tud</i>
that. &radic;184.  Cf. <u>The</u>, <u>Their</u>, <u>They</u>, <u>Them</u>,
<u>This</u>, <u>Than</u>, <u>Since</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>As a
demonstrative pronoun (<i>pl.</i> <u>Those</u>), <i>that</i> usually points
out, or refers to, a person or thing previously mentioned, or supposed to
be understood. <i>That</i>, as a demonstrative, may precede the noun to
which it refers; as, <i>that</i> which he has said is true; <i>those</i> in
the basket are good apples.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The early fame of Gratian was equal to <i>that</i> of the
most celebrated princes.</blockquote> <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>That</i> may refer to an entire sentence or paragraph, and not
merely to a word. It usually follows, but sometimes precedes, the sentence
referred to.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>That</i> be far from thee, to do after this manner, to
slay the righteous with the wicked.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xviii. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And when Moses heard <i>that</i>, he was
content.</blockquote> <i>Lev. x. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will know your business, Harry, <i>that</i> I
will.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>That</i> is often used in opposition to <i>this</i>, or by way
of distinction, and in such cases <i>this</i>, like the Latin <i>hic</i>
and French <i>ceci</i>, generally refers to that which is nearer, and
<i>that</i>, like Latin <i>ille</i> and French <i>cela</i>, to that which
is more remote. When they refer to foreign words or phrases, <i>this</i>
generally refers to the latter, and <i>that</i> to the former.</p>

<p><blockquote>Two principles in human nature reign;<BR>
Self-love, to urge, and Reason, to restrain;<BR>
Nor <i>this</i> a good, nor <i>that</i> a bad we call.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If the Lord will, we shall live, and do <i>this</i> or
<i>that</i>.</blockquote> <i>James iv. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As an adjective, <i>that</i> has the same
demonstrative force as the pronoun, but is followed by a noun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It shall be more tolerable for Sodom and Gomorrah in the day
of judgment, than for <i>that</i> city.</blockquote> <i>Matt. x.
15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The woman was made whole from <i>that</i> hour.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. ix. 22.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>That</i> was formerly sometimes used with the force of the
article <i>the</i>, especially in the phrases <i>that one</i>, <i>that
other</i>, which were subsequently corrupted into <i>th'tone</i>,
<i>th'tother</i> (now written <i>t'other</i>).</p>

<p><blockquote>Upon a day out riden knightes two . . . <BR>
<i>That one</i> of them came home, <i>that other</i> not.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>As a relative pronoun, <i>that</i> is equivalent
to <i>who</i> or <i>which</i>, serving to point out, and make definite, a
person or thing spoken of, or alluded to, before, and may be either
singular or plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>that</i> reproveth a scorner getteth to himself
shame.</blockquote> <i>Prov. ix. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A judgment <i>that</i> is equal and impartial must incline
to the greater probabilities.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1494 !></p>

<p>&fist; If the relative clause simply conveys an additional idea, and is
not properly explanatory or restrictive, <i>who</i> or <i>which</i> (rarely
<i>that</i>) is employed; as, the king <i>that</i> (or <i>who</i>) rules
well is generally popular; Victoria, <i>who</i> (not <i>that</i>) rules
well, enjoys the confidence of her subjects. Ambiguity may in some cases be
avoided in the use of <i>that</i> (which is restrictive) instead of
<i>who</i> or <i>which</i>, likely to be understood in a co&ouml;rdinating
sense. <i>Bain.</i></p>

<p><i>That</i> was formerly used for <i>that which</i>, as <i>what</i> is
now; but such use is now archaic.</p>

<p><blockquote>We speak <i>that</i> we do know, and testify <i>that</i> we
have seen.</blockquote> <i>John iii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>That</i> I have done it is thyself to wite
[blame].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><i>That</i>, as a relative pronoun, cannot be governed by a preposition
preceding it, but may be governed by one at the end of the sentence which
it commences.</p>

<p><blockquote>The ship <i>that</i> somebody was sailing in.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>In Old English, <i>that</i> was often used with the demonstratives
<i>he</i>, <i>his</i>, <i>him</i>, etc., and the two together had the force
of a relative pronoun; thus, <i>that he</i> = who; <i>that his</i> = whose;
<i>that him</i> = whom.</p>

<p><blockquote>I saw to-day a corpse yborn to church<BR>
<i>That</i> now on Monday last I saw <i>him</i> wirche [work].</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>Formerly, <i>that</i> was used, where we now commonly use <i>which</i>,
as a relative pronoun with the demonstrative pronoun <i>that</i> as its
antecedent.</p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>that</i> dieth, let it die; and that <i>that</i> is
to cut off, let it be cut off.</blockquote> <i>Zech. xi. 9.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>As a conjunction, <i>that</i> retains much of
its force as a demonstrative pronoun.</def> It is used, specifically: --
</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To introduce a clause employed as the object of
the preceding verb, or as the subject or predicate nominative of a
verb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She tells them 't is a causeless fantasy,<BR>
And childish error, <i>that</i> they are afraid.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have shewed before, <i>that</i> a mere possibility to the
contrary, can by no means hinder a thing from being highly
credible.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To introduce, a reason or cause; -- equivalent
to <i>for that</i>, <i>in that</i>, <i>for the reason that</i>,
<i>because</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He does hear me;<BR>
And <i>that</i> he does, I weep.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To introduce a purpose; -- usually followed by
<i>may</i>, or <i>might</i>, and frequently preceded by <i>so</i>, <i>in
order</i>, <i>to the end</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These things I say, <i>that</i> ye might be
saved.</blockquote> <i>John v. 34.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To the end <i>that</i> he may prolong his days.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. xvii. 20.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To introduce a consequence, result, or effect;
-- usually preceded by <i>so</i> or <i>such</i>, sometimes by
<i>that</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The birds their notes renew, and bleating herds<BR>
Attest their joy, <i>that</i> hill and valley rings.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He gazed so long<BR>
<i>That</i> both his eyes were dazzled.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> To introduce a clause denoting time; -- equivalent
to <i>in which time</i>, <i>at which time</i>, <i>when</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>So wept Duessa until eventide,<BR>
<i>That</i> shining lamps in Jove's high course were lit.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is not this the day<BR>
<i>That</i> Hermia should give answer of her choice?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>In an elliptical sentence to introduce a
dependent sentence expressing a wish, or a cause of surprise, indignation,
or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ha, cousin Silence, <i>that</i> thou hadst seen that that
this knight and I have seen!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><blockquote>O God, <i>that</i> right should thus overcome
might!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>That</i> was formerly added to other conjunctions or to
adverbs to make them emphatic.</p>

<p><blockquote>To try if <i>that</i> our own be ours or no.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><i>That</i> is sometimes used to connect a clause with a preceding
conjunction on which it depends.</p>

<p><blockquote>When he had carried Rome and <i>that</i> we looked<BR>
For no less spoil than glory.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>As adverb: To such a degree; so; as, he was
<i>that</i> frightened he could say nothing.</def> [Archaic or in illiteral
use.]</p>

<p><col><b>All that</b></col>, <cd>everything of that kind; all that
sort.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>With singing, laughing, ogling, and <i>all
that</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rank is but the guinea's stamp,<BR>
The man's the gowd [gold] for <i>a'that</i>.</blockquote> <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>For that</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>For</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>In that</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>In</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Thatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thak</i>, AS.
<i>&thorn;&aelig;c</i> a roof; akin to <i>&thorn;eccean</i> to cover, D.
<i>dak</i> a roof, <i>dekken</i> to cover, G. <i>dach</i> a roof,
<i>decken</i> 8cover, Icel. <i>&thorn;ak</i> a roof, Sw. <i>tak</i>, Dan.
<i>tag</i>, Lith. <i>st&omacr;gas</i>, Ir. <i>teagh</i> a house, Gael.
<i>teach</i>, <i>tigh</i>, W. <i>ty</i>, L. <i>tegere</i> to cover,
<i>toga</i> a toga, Gr. &?;, &?;, a roof, &?; to cover, Skr. <i>sthag</i>.
Cf. <u>Deck</u>, <u>Integument</u>, <u>Tile</u>, <u>Toga</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Straw, rushes, or the like, used for making or
covering the roofs of buildings, or of stacks of hay or grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name in the West Indies for
several kinds of palm, the leaves of which are used for
thatching.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thatch sparrow</b></col>, <cd>the house sparrow.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Thatch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Thatched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Thatching</u>.]
[From <u>Thatch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf. OE. <i>thecchen</i>, AS.
<i>&?;eccean</i> to cover.] <def>To cover with, or with a roof of, straw,
reeds, or some similar substance; as, to <i>thatch</i> a roof, a stable, or
a stack of grain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thatch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
thatches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thatch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or art of covering buildings with thatch; so as to keep out rain, snow,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The materials used for this purpose;
thatch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thaught</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Thwart</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thau`ma*tol"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
wonder + &?; worship.] <def>Worship or undue admiration of wonderful or
miraculous things.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>thaumatolatry</i> by which our theology has been
debased for more than a century.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thau"ma*trope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a wonder + &?;
to turn.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>An optical instrument or toy for showing the
presistence of an impression upon the eyes after the luminous object is
withdrawn.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It consists of a card having on its opposite faces figures of two
different objects, or halves of the same object, as a bird and a cage,
which, when the card is whirled rapidlz round a diameter by the strings
that hold it, appear to the eye combined in a single picture, as of a bird
in its cage.</p>

<p><hw>Thau"ma*turge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Thaumaturgus</u>.] <def>A magician; a wonder worker.</def>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Thau`ma*tur"gic</hw> (?), <hw>Thau`ma*tur"gic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to thaumaturgy; magical;
wonderful.</def>  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thau`ma*tur"gics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Feats of
legerdemain, or magical performances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thau`ma*tur"gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who deals
in wonders, or believes in them; a wonder worker.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Thau`ma*tur"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
wonder-working; &?; a wonder + &?; work.] <def>A miracle worker; -- a title
given by the Roman Catholics to some saints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thau"ma*tur`gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>The
act or art of performing something wonderful; magic; legerdemain.</def>
<i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Theave</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Thaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Thawed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Thawing</u>.] [AS. <i>&thorn;&amacr;wian</i>, <i>&thorn;&amacr;wan</i>;
akin to D. <i>dovijen</i>, G. <i>tauen</i>, <i>thauen</i> (cf. also
ver<i>dauen</i> 8digest, OHG. <i>douwen</i>, fir<i>douwen</i>), Icel.
<i>&thorn;eyja</i>, Sw. <i>t&ouml;a</i>, Dan. <i>t&ouml;e</i>, and perhaps
to Gr. &?; to melt. &radic;56.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To melt, dissolve,
or become fluid; to soften; -- said of that which is frozen; as, the ice
<i>thaws</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become so warm as to melt ice and snow; --
said in reference to the weather, and used impersonally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To grow gentle or genial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thaw</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause (frozen things, as
earth, snow, ice) to melt, soften, or dissolve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thaw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The melting of ice, snow, or
other congealed matter; the resolution of ice, or the like, into the state
of a fluid; liquefaction by heat of anything congealed by frost; also, a
warmth of weather sufficient to melt that which is congealed.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thaw"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liquefying by heat after
having been frozen; thawing; melting.</def></p>

<p><hw>The</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Thee</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>The</hw> (&thlig;&emacr;, <i>when emphatic or alone</i>;
&thlig;&esl;, <i>obscure before a vowel</i>; &thlig;<i>e</i>, <i>obscure
before a consonant</i>; 37), <pos><i>definite article.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&eth;e</i>, a later form for earlier nom. sing. masc. <i>s&emacr;</i>,
formed under the influence of the oblique cases. See <u>That</u>, pron.]
<def>A word placed before nouns to limit or individualize their
meaning.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>The</i> was originally a demonstrative pronoun, being a
weakened form of <i>that</i>. When placed before adjectives and
participles, it converts them into abstract nouns; as, <i>the</i> sublime
and <i>the</i> beautiful. <i>Burke.</i>  <i>The</i> is used regularly
before many proper names, as of rivers, oceans, ships, etc.; as, <i>the</i>
Nile, <i>the</i> Atlantic, <i>the</i> Great Eastern, <i>the</i> West
Indies, <i>The</i> Hague. <i>The</i> with an epithet or ordinal number
often follows a proper name; as, Alexander <i>the</i> Great; Napoleon
<i>the</i> Third. <i>The</i> may be employed to individualize a particular
kind or species; as, <i>the</i> grasshopper shall be a burden. <i>Eccl.
xii. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>The</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&eth;&emacr;</i>,
<i>&eth;&ymacr;</i>, instrumental case of <i>s&emacr;</i>,
<i>se&oacute;</i>, <i>&eth;&aelig;t</i>, the definite article. See 2d
<u>The</u>.] <def>By that; by how much; by so much; on that account; --
used before comparatives; as, <i>the</i> longer we continue in sin,
<i>the</i> more difficult it is to reform.</def> "Yet not <i>the</i> more
cease I."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So much <i>the</i> rather thou, Celestial Light,<BR>
Shine inward, and the mind through all her powers<BR>
Irradiate.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||The"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Tea</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants found in China and Japan; the tea
plant.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is now commonly referred to the genus <i>Camellia</i>.</p>

<p><hw>The*an"dric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; god + &?;,
&?;, a man.] <def>Relating to, or existing by, the union of divine and
human operation in Christ, or the joint agency of the divine and human
nature.</def>  <i>Murdock.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>The`an*throp"ic</hw> (?), <hw>The`an*throp"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partaking of, or combining, both divinity and
humanity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The gorgeous and imposing figures of his [Homer's]
<i>theanthropic</i> sytem.</blockquote> <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*an"thro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; god + &?;
man.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A state of being God and man.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The ascription of human atributes to the Deity,
or to a polytheistic deity; anthropomorphism.</def>  <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*an"thro*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
advocates, or believes in, theanthropism.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*an"thro*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Theanthropism.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*ar"chic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Thearchy</u>.] <def>Divinely sovereign or supreme.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He [Jesus] is the <i>thearchic</i>
Intelligence.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><hw>The"ar*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; god + <i>-
archy</i>: cf. Gr. &?; the supreme deity.] <def>Government by God; divine
sovereignty; theocracy.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>The"a*ter</hw>, <hw>The"a*tre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>th&eacute;&acirc;tre</i>, L. <i>theatrum</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;  to
see, view; cf. Skr. <i>dhy&amacr;</i> to meditate, think.  Cf.
<u>Theory</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An edifice in which dramatic
performances or spectacles are exhibited for the amusement of spectators;
anciently uncovered, except the stage, but in modern times
roofed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any room adapted to the exhibition of any
performances before an assembly, as public lectures, scholastic exercises,
anatomical demonstrations, surgical operations, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles a theater in form, use, or
the like; a place rising by steps or gradations, like the seats of a
theater.</def>  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shade above shade, a woody <i>theater</i><BR>
Of stateliest view.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sphere or scheme of operation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For if a man can be partaker of God's <i>theater</i>, he
shall likewise be partaker of God's rest.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A place or region where great events are
enacted; as, the <i>theater</i> of war.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>The"a*tin</hw>, <hw>The"a*tine</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>th&eacute;atin</i>, It. <i>theatino</i>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of an order of Italian monks, established in
1524, expressly to oppose Reformation, and to raise the tone of piety among
Roman Catholics. They hold no property, nor do they beg, but depend on what
Providence sends. Their chief employment is preaching and giving religious
instruction.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Their name is derived from <i>Theate</i>, or <i>Chieti</i>, a
city of Naples, the archbishop of which was a principal founder of the
order; but they bore various names; as, <i>Regular Clerks of the
Community</i>, <i>Pauline Monks</i>, <i>Apostolic Clerks</i>, and
<i>Regular Clerks of the Divine Providence</i>. The order never flourished
much out of Italy.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One of an order of nuns
founded by Ursula Benincasa, who died in 1618.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"a*tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>theatralis</i>: cf.
F. <i>th&eacute;atral</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a theater;
theatrical.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>The*at"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Theatrical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Woods over woods in gay, <i>theatric</i> pride.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*at"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>theatricus</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to a theater, or to the scenic
representations; resembling the manner of dramatic performers; histrionic;
hence, artificial; as, <i>theatrical</i> performances; <i>theatrical</i>
gestures.</def> -- <wf>The*at`ri*cal"i*ty</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>The*at"ric*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>No meretricious aid whatever has been called in -- no trick,
no illusion of the eye, nothing <i>theatrical</i>.</blockquote> <i>R.
Jefferies.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*at"ric*als</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Dramatic
performances; especially, those produced by amateurs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such fashionable cant terms as &lsquo;<i>theatricals</i>,'
and &lsquo;musicals,' invented by the flippant Topham, still survive among
his confraternity of frivolity.</blockquote> <i>I. Disraeli.</i></p>

<p><hw>Theave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>dafad</i> a sheep,
ewe.] <def>A ewe lamb of the first year; also, a sheep three years
old.</def> [Written also <i>thave</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*ba"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>thebaicus</i>, Gr.
&?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to Thebes in Egypt; specifically, designating a
version of the Bible preserved by the Copts, and esteemed of great value by
biblical scholars. This version is also called the <i>Sahidic
version</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"ba*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Thebais</i>, <i>-
idis</i>.] <def>A Latin epic poem by Statius about Thebes in
B&oelig;otia.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*ba"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from a kind of
Egyptian opium produced at <i>Thebes</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A poisonous
alkaloid, C<sub>19</sub>H<sub>21</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>, found in opium in
small quantities, having a sharp, astringent taste, and a tetanic action
resembling that of strychnine.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"ban</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Thebanus</i>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to Thebes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Theban year</b></col> <i>(Anc. Chron.)</i>, <cd>the Egyptian
year of 365 days and 6 hours.</cd> <i>J. Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>The"ban</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Thebes; also, a wise man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll talk a word with this same learned
<i>Theban</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||The"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Thec&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?; a case to put anything
in. See <u>Tick</u> a cover.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sheath; a case; as,
the <i>theca</i>, or cell, of an anther; the <i>theca</i>, or spore case,
of a fungus; the <i>theca</i> of the spinal cord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
chitinous cup which protects the hydranths of certain hydroids.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The more or less cuplike calicle of a coral.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The wall forming a calicle of a coral.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
theca; as, a <i>thecal</i> abscess.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"ca*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Theca</i> + Gr. &?;
to bear: cf. F. <i>th&eacute;caphore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A surface or organ bearing a theca, or covered
with thec&aelig;.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>See
<u>Basigynium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*cas"po*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the spores in thec&aelig;, or cases.</def></p>

<p><hw>||The*ca"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?; a
case.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Thecophora</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thec"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any one of many species
of small delicately colored butterflies belonging to <i>Thecla</i> and
allied genera; -- called also <i>hairstreak</i>, and
<i>elfin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`co*dac"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [&?; case + &?;
finger.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of a group of lizards of the
Gecko tribe, having the toes broad, and furnished with a groove in which
the claws can be concealed.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"co*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a case + &?;,
&?;, a tooth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having the teeth
inserted in sockets in the alveoli of the jaws.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
thecodonts.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"co*dont</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>One of
the Thecodontia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||The`co*don"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A group of fossil saurians having biconcave
vertebr&aelig; and the teeth implanted in sockets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||The*coph"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; a case + &?; to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of hydroids
comprising those which have the hydranths in thec&aelig; and the gonophores
in capsules. The campanularians and sertularians are examples. Called also
<i>Thecata</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Hydroidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||The`co*so"ma*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Theca</u>, and <u>Soma</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of
Pteropoda comprising those species which have a shell. See
<u>Pteropoda</u>.</def> -- <wf>The`co*so"ma*tous</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>The"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thee</i> to prosper +
<i>-dom</i>.] <def>Success; fortune; luck; chance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Evil <i>thedom</i> on his monk's snout.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thee</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&?;e&oacute;n</i>;
akin to OS. <i>th&imacr;han</i>, D. ge<i>dijen</i>, G. ge<i>deihen</i>,
OHG. gi<i>dihan</i>, Goth. <i>&?;eihan</i>, Lith. <i>tekti</i> to fall to
the lot of.  Cf. <u>Tight</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To thrive; to
prosper.</def> [Obs.] "He shall never <i>thee</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Well mote <i>thee</i>, as well can wish your
thought.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thee</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&eth;&emacr;</i>,
acc. &amp; dat. of <i>&eth;&umacr;</i> thou. See <u>Thou</u>.] <def>The
objective case of <i>thou</i>. See <u>Thou</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Thee is poetically used for <i>thyself</i>, as <i>him</i> for
<i>himself</i>, etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>This sword hath ended him; so shall it thee,<BR>
Unless thou yield <i>thee</i> as my prisoner.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1495 !></p>

<p><hw>Theft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thefte</i>, AS.
<i>&thorn;i&eacute;f&eth;e</i>, <i>&thorn;&ymacr;f&eth;e</i>,
<i>&thorn;e&oacute;f&eth;e</i>. See <u>Thief</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of stealing; specifically, the felonious taking
and removing of personal property, with an intent to deprive the rightful
owner of the same; larceny.</def></p>

<p>&fist; To constitute theft there must be a taking without the owner's
consent, and it must be unlawful or felonious; every part of the property
stolen must be removed, however slightly, from its former position; and it
must be, at least momentarily, in the complete possession of the thief. See
<u>Larceny</u>, and the Note under <u>Robbery</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing stolen.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If the <i>theft</i> be certainly found in his hand alive, .
. . he shall restore double.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxii. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Theft"bote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Theft</i> +
<i>bote</i> compensation.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The receiving of a man's goods
again from a thief, or a compensation for them, by way of composition, with
the intent that the thief shall escape punishment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thegn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Thane. See
<u>Thane</u>.</def>  <i>E. A. Freeman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thegn"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Thanehood.</def>
<i>E. A. Freeman.</i></p>

<p><hw>The"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>thea</i> tea, the
tea plant + <i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>th&eacute;iforme</i>.] <def>Having the
form of tea.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>th&eacute;ine</i>, fr.
NL. <i>thea</i>. See <u>Theiform</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Caffeine</u>. Called also <i>theina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Their</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron. &amp; a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thair</i>, fr.
Icel. <i>&thorn;eirra</i>, <i>&thorn;eira</i>, of them, but properly gen.
pl. of the definite article; akin to AS. <i>&eth;&amacr;ra</i>,
<i>&eth;&aemacr;ra</i>, gen. pl. of the definite article, or fr. AS.
<i>&eth;&aemacr;ra</i>, influenced by the Scandinavian use. See
<u>That</u>.] <def>The possessive case of the personal pronoun <i>they</i>;
as, <i>their</i> houses; <i>their</i> country.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The possessive takes the form <i>theirs</i> (&?;) when the noun
to which it refers is not expressed, but implied or understood; as, our
land is richest, but <i>theirs</i> is best cultivated.</p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing but the name of zeal appears<BR>
'Twixt our best actions and the worst of <i>theirs</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>The"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; God; probably
akin to &?; to pray for, &?; spoken by God, decreed: cf. F.
<i>th&eacute;isme</i>.  Cf. <u>Enthusiasm</u>, <u>Pantheon</u>,
<u>Theology</u>.] <def>The belief or acknowledgment of the existence of a
God, as opposed to <i>atheism</i>, <i>pantheism</i>, or
<i>polytheism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>th&eacute;iste</i>. See <u>Theism</u>.] <def>One who believes in the
existence of a God; especially, one who believes in a personal God; --
opposed to <i>atheist</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>The*is"tic</hw> (?), <hw>The*is"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to theism, or a theist;
according to the doctrine of theists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thel*phu"si*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; nipple + &?;
to blow, to puff.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a tribe of fresh-water
crabs which live in or on the banks of rivers in tropical
countries.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*lyt"o*kous</hw> (th&esl;*l&ibreve;t"&osl;*k&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>qh^lys</grk> female + <grk>to`kos</grk> a
bringing forth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Producing females only; -- said
of certain female insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Them</hw> (&thlig;&ebreve;m), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&eth;&aemacr;m</i>, dat. pl. of the article, but influenced by the
Scand. use of the corresponding form <i>&thorn;eim</i> as a personal
pronoun. See <u>They</u>.] <def>The objective case of they. See
<u>They</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go ye rather to <i>them</i> that sell, and buy for
yourselves.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxv. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then shall the King say unto <i>them</i> on his right hand,
Come, ye blessed of my Father.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxv. 34.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Them</i> is poetically used for <i>themselves</i>, as
<i>him</i> for <i>himself</i>, etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>Little stars may hide <i>them</i> when they
list.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>th&eacute;matique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the theme of a word. See <u>Theme</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a theme, or
subject.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thematic catalogue</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a catalogue of
musical works which, besides the title and other particulars, gives in
notes the theme, or first few measures, of the whole work or of its several
movements.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Theme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>teme</i>, OF.
<i>teme</i>, F. <i>th&egrave;me</i>, L. <i>thema</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
set, place. See <u>Do</u>, and cf. <u>Thesis</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A subject or topic on which a person writes or speaks; a proposition
for discussion or argument; a text.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>theme</i> is alway one and ever was.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And when a soldier was the <i>theme</i>, my name<BR>
Was not far off.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Discourse on a certain subject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then ran repentance and rehearsed his
<i>theme</i>.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was the subject of my <i>theme</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A composition or essay required of a
pupil.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A noun or verb, not modified by
inflections; also, that part of a noun or verb which remains unchanged
(except by euphonic variations) in declension or conjugation;
stem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That by means of which a thing is done; means;
instrument.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The leading subject of a
composition or a movement.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"mis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
that which is laid down or established by usage, law, prob. fr. &?; to set,
place.] <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>The goddess of law and order; the patroness
of existing rights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Them*selves"</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>The plural of
<i>himself</i>, <i>herself</i>, and <i>itself</i>. See <u>Himself</u>,
<u>Herself</u>, <u>Itself</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Then</hw> (&thlig;&ebreve;n), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Originally the
same word as <i>than</i>. See <u>Than</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At that
time (referring to a time specified, either past or future).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the Canaanite was <i>then</i> in the land.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now I know in part; but <i>then</i> shall I know even as
also I am known.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xiii. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soon afterward, or immediately; next;
afterward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>First be reconciled to thy brother, and <i>then</i> come and
offer thy gift.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>At another time; later; again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One while the master is not aware of what is done, and
<i>then</i> in other cases it may fall out to be own act.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>By then</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>By that time.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>By the time that.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But that opinion, I trust, <i>by then</i> this following
argument hath been well read, will be left for one of the mysteries of an
indulgent Antichrist.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Now and then</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Now</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Till then</b></col>, <cd>until that
time; until the time mentioned.</cd> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Then</i> is often used elliptically, like an adjective, for
<i>then existing</i>; as, the <i>then</i> administration.</p>

<p><hw>Then</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Than.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In that case; in consequence; as a consequence;
therefore; for this reason.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If all this be so, <i>then</i> man has a natural
freedom.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, <i>then</i>, be all thy weighty cares
away.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Therefore.  <u>Then</u>, <u>Therefore</u>. Both these
words are used in reasoning; but <i>therefore</i> takes the lead, while
<i>then</i> is rather subordinate or incidental. <i>Therefore</i> states
reasons and draws inferences in form; <i>then</i>, to a great extent, takes
the point as proved, and passes on to the general conclusion.
"<i>Therefore</i> being justified by faith, we have peace with God."
<i>Rom. v. 1.</i> "So <i>then</i> faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by
the word of God." <i>Rom. x. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Then"a*days</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At that time;
then; in those days; -- correlative to <i>nowadays</i>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>The"nal</hw> (?), <hw>The"nar</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[NL., fr. Gr. &?;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the thenar;
corresponding to thenar; palmar.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The palm of the hand.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The prominence of the palm above the base of the thumb; the thenar
eminence; the ball of the thumb. Sometimes applied to the corresponding
part of the foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*nard"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after the French
chemist, L. J. <i>Th&eacute;nard</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Anhydrous sodium
sulphate, a mineral of a white or brown color and vitreous
luster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thence</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thenne</i>,
<i>thanne</i>, and (with the adverbal <i>-s</i>; see <u>-wards</u>)
<i>thennes</i>, <i>thannes</i> (hence <i>thens</i>, now written
<i>thence</i>), AS. <i>&eth;anon</i>, <i>&eth;anan</i>, <i>&eth;onan</i>;
akin to OHG. <i>dannana</i>, <i>dann&amacr;n</i>, <i>dan&amacr;n</i>, and
G. von <i>dannen</i>, E. <i>that</i>, <i>there</i>. See <u>That</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>From that place.</def> "Bid him <i>thence</i> go."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When ye depart <i>thence</i>, shake off the dust under your
feet for a testimony against them.</blockquote> <i>Mark vi. 11.</i></p>

<p>&fist; It is not unusual, though pleonastic, to use <i>from</i> before
<i>thence</i>.  Cf. <u>Hence</u>, <u>Whence</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Then I will send, and fetch thee <i>from
thence</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxvii. 45.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>From that time; thenceforth;
thereafter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There shall be no more <i>thence</i> an infant of
days.</blockquote> <i>Isa. lxv. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>For that reason; therefore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not to sit idle with so great a gift<BR>
Useless, and <i>thence</i> ridiculous, about him.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not there; elsewhere; absent.</def> [Poetic]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thence`forth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>From that time;
thereafter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the salt have lost his savor, wherewith shall it be
salted? it is <i>thenceforth</i> good for nothing.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v.
13.</i></p>

<p>    This word is sometimes preceded by <i>from</i>, -- a redundancy
sanctioned by custom.  <i>Chaucer.</i> <i>John. xix. 12.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Thence`for"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>From that time
onward; thenceforth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thence`from"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>From that
place.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>The`o*bro"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a god
+ &?; food, fr. &?; to eat: cf. F. <i>th&eacute;obrome</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of small trees. See <u>Cacao</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`o*bro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or designating, an acid extracted from cacao butter (from
the <i>Theobroma Cacao</i>), peanut oil (from <i>Arachis
hypog&aelig;a</i>), etc., as a white waxy crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`o*bro"mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
alkaloidal ureide, C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>8</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>2</sub>,
homologous with and resembling caffeine, produced artificially, and also
extracted from cacao and chocolate (from <i>Theobroma Cacao</i>) as a
bitter white crystalline substance; -- called also <i>dimethyl
xanthine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`o*chris"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; God +
&?; anointed, fr. &?; to anoint.] <def>Anointed by God.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*oc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; God + &?;
to be strong, to rule, fr. &?; strength: cf. F. <i>th&eacute;ocratie</i>.
See <u>Theism</u>, and cf. <u>Democracy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Government of a state by the immediate direction or administration of
God; hence, the exercise of political authority by priests as representing
the Deity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state thus governed, as the Hebrew
commonwealth before it became a kingdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*oc"ra*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; union of the
soul with God; &?; God + &?; a mixing, akin to &?; to mix.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mixture of the worship of different gods, as of
Jehovah and idols.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This syncretistic <i>theocracy</i> by no means excludes in
him [Solomon] the proper service of idols.</blockquote> <i>J.
Murphy.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>An intimate union of the soul
with God in contemplation, -- an ideal of the Neoplatonists and of some
Oriental mystics.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"o*crat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who lives under a
theocratic form of government; one who in civil affairs conforms to divine
law.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>The`o*crat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>The`o*crat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>th&eacute;ocratique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a theocracy; administred by the immediate direction of God;
as, the <i>theocratical</i> state of the Israelites.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*od"i*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>theodic&aelig;a</i>, fr. Gr. &?; God + &?; right, justice: cf. F.
<i>th&eacute;odic&eacute;e</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vindication of
the justice of God in ordaining or permitting natural and moral
evil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That department of philosophy which treats of
the being, perfections, and government of God, and the immortality of the
soul.</def>  <i>Krauth-Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*od"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably a corruption
of <i>the alidade</i>. See <u>Alidade</u>.] <def>An instrument used,
especially in trigonometrical surveying, for the accurate measurement of
horizontal angles, and also usually of vertical angles. It is variously
constructed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The theodolite consists principally of a telescope, with cross
wires in the focus of its object glass, clamped in Y's attached to a frame
that is mounted so as to turn both on vertical and horizontal axes, the
former carrying a vernier plate on a horizontal graduated plate or circle
for azimuthal angles, and the latter a vertical graduated arc or semicircle
for altitudes. The whole is furnished with levels and adjusting screws and
mounted on a tripod.</p>

<p><hw>The*od`o*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a theodolite; made by means of a theodolite; as, <i>theodolitic</i>
observations.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`o*gon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to
theogony.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*og"o*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Theogony.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>The*og"o*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer on
theogony.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*og"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>theogonia</i>, Gr.
&?;; &?; a god + the root of &?; to be born. See <u>Theism</u>, and
<u>Genus</u>.] <def>The generation or genealogy of the gods; that branch of
heathen theology which deals with the origin and descent of the deities;
also, a poem treating of such genealogies; as, the <i>Theogony</i> of
Hesiod.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*ol"o*gas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed like
<i>poetaster</i>: cf. F. <i>th&eacute;ologastre</i>.] <def>A pretender or
quack in theology.</def> [R.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*ol"o*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A theologian.</def>
<i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>The`o*lo"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>th&eacute;ologien</i>, L. <i>theologus</i>, Gr. &?;. See
<u>Theology</u>.] <def>A person well versed in theology; a professor of
theology or divinity; a divine.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Theological.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>theologicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>th&eacute;ologique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to theology, or the science of God and of divine things; as, a
<i>theological</i> treatise.</def> -- <wf>The`o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>The`o*log"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Theology.</def>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
theologian.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*ol"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Theologized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Theologizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>th&eacute;ologiser</i>.] <def>To
render theological; to apply to divinity; to reduce to a system of
theology.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>School divinity was but Aristotle's philosophy
<i>theologized</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*ol"o*gize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To frame a system
of theology; to theorize or speculate upon theological subjects.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*ol"o*gi`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
theologizes; a theologian.</def> [R.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>The"o*logue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>theologus</i>,
Gr. &?;, and E. <i>philologue</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
theologian.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye gentle <i>theologues</i> of calmer kind.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Jerome] was the <i>theologue</i> -- and the word is
designation enough.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A student in a theological seminary.</def>
[Written also <i>theolog</i>.] [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>The*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Theologies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>theologia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; God +
&?; discourse: cf. F. <i>th&eacute;ologie</i>. See <u>Theism</u>, and
<u>Logic</u>.] <def>The science of God or of religion; the science which
treats of the existence, character, and attributes of God, his laws and
government, the doctrines we are to believe, and the duties we are to
practice; divinity; (as more commonly understood) "the knowledge derivable
from the Scriptures, the systematic exhibition of revealed truth, the
science of Christian faith and life."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many speak of <i>theology</i> as a science of religion
[instead of "science of God"] because they disbelieve that there is any
knowledge of God to be attained.</blockquote> <i>Prof. R. Flint (Enc.
Brit.).</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Theology</i> is ordered knowledge; representing in the
region of the intellect what religion represents in the heart and life of
man.</blockquote> <i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Ascetic theology</b></col>, <col><b>Natural theology</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Ascetic</u>, <u>Natural</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Moral
theology</b></col>, <cd>that phase of theology which is concerned with
moral character and conduct.</cd> -- <col><b>Revealed theology</b></col>,
<cd>theology which is to be learned only from revelation.</cd> --
<col><b>Scholastic theology</b></col>, <cd>theology as taught by the
scholastics, or as prosecuted after their principles and methods.</cd> --
<col><b>Speculative theology</b></col>, <cd>theology as founded upon, or
influenced by, speculation or metaphysical philosophy.</cd> --
<col><b>Systematic theology</b></col>, <cd>that branch of theology of which
the aim is to reduce all revealed truth to a series of statements that
together shall constitute an organized whole.</cd> <i>E. G. Robinson
(Johnson's Cyc.).</i></p>

<p><hw>The*om"a*chist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;.]
<def>One who fights against the gods; one who resists God of the divine
will.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*om"a*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; a god +
&?; a battle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fighting against the gods, as the
battle of the gaints with the gods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A battle or strife among the gods.</def>
<i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Opposition to God or the divine will.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>The"o*man`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a god + <i>-
mancy</i>: cf. F. <i>th&eacute;omancie</i>, Gr. &?; a spirit of prophecy,.]
<def>A kind of divination drawn from the responses of oracles among heathen
nations.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>The`o*pa*thet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>The`o*path"ic</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a theopathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*op"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; God + &?;, &?;,
to suffer, feel.] <def>Capacity for religious affections or
worship.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`o*phan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a theopany; appearing to man, as a god.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*oph"a*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
nies</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?;; &?; God + &?; to appear.] <def>A
manifestation of God to man by actual appearance, usually as an
incarnation.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1496 !></p>

<p><hw>The`o*phil`an*throp"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to theophilanthropy or the theophilanthropists.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`o*phi*lan"thro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
doctrine of the theophilanthropists; theophilanthropy.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`o*phi*lan"thro*pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>th&eacute;ophilanthrope</i>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A member of a
deistical society established at Paris during the French
revolution.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`o*phi*lan"thro*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; God +
E. <i>philanthropy</i>.] <def>Theophilanthropism.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>The`o*phil`o*soph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; God +
E. <i>philosophic</i>.] <def>Combining theism and philosophy, or pertaining
to the combination of theism and philosophy.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`op*neus"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Divinely
inspired; theopneustic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>The`op*neus"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; inspired of
God; &?; God + &?; to blow, to breathe.] <def>Given by the inspiration of
the Spirit of God.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"op*neus`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.] <def>Divine
inspiration; the supernatural influence of the Divine Spirit in qualifying
men to receive and communicate revealed truth.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*or"bist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>One
who plays on a theorbo.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*or"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>th&eacute;orbe</i>,
<i>t&eacute;orbe</i>, formerly <i>tuorbe</i>, <i>tiorbe</i>, It.
<i>tiorba</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument made like large lute, but
having two necks, with two sets of pegs, the lower set holding the strings
governed by frets, while to the upper set were attached the long bass
strings used as open notes.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A larger form of <i>theorbo</i> was also called the
<i>archlute</i>, and was used chiefly, if not only, as an accompaniment to
the voice. Both have long fallen into disuse.</p>

<p><hw>The"o*rem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>theorema</i>, Gr.
&?; a sight, speculation, theory, theorem, fr. &?; to look at, &?; a
spectator: cf. F. <i>th&eacute;or&egrave;me</i>. See <u>Theory</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is considered and established as a
principle; hence, sometimes, a rule.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not theories, but <i>theorems</i> (&?;), the intelligible
products of contemplation, intellectual objects in the mind, and of and for
the mind exclusively.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By the <i>theorems</i>,<BR>
Which your polite and terser gallants practice,<BR>
I re-refine the court, and civilize<BR>
Their barbarous natures.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A statement of a principle to be
demonstrated.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>theorem</i> is something to be proved, and is thus
distinguished from a <i>problem</i>, which is something to be solved. In
analysis, the term is sometimes applied to a rule, especially a rule or
statement of relations expressed in a formula or by symbols; as, the
binomial <i>theorem</i>; Taylor's <i>theorem</i>. See the Note under
<u>Proposition</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</p>

<p><col><b>Binomial theorem</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Binomial</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Negative theorem</b></col>, <cd>a theorem
which expresses the impossibility of any assertion.</cd> --
<col><b>Particular theorem</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a theorem which
extends only to a particular quantity.</cd> -- <col><b>Theorem of
Pappus</b></col>. <i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See <i>Centrobaric method</i>, under
<u>Centrobaric</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Universal theorem</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a theorem which extends to any quantity without
restriction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>The"o*rem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To formulate into a
theorem.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>The`o*re*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>The`o*re*mat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to a theorem or
theorems; comprised in a theorem; consisting of theorems.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`o*rem"a*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
constructs theorems.</def></p>

<p><hw>The`o*rem"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Theorematic.</def>
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>The`o*ret"ic</hw> (?), <hw>The`o*ret"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. L. <i>theoreticus</i>, F.
<i>th&eacute;or&eacute;tique</i>.] <def>Pertaining to theory; depending on,
or confined to, theory or speculation; speculative; terminating in theory
or speculation: not practical; as, <i>theoretical</i> learning;
<i>theoretic</i> sciences.</def> -- <wf>The`o*ret"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>The`o*ret"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The speculative
part of a science; speculation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the very first, with our Lord himself, and his apostles,
as represented to us in the New Testament, morals come before
contemplation, ethics before <i>theoretics</i>.</blockquote> <i>H. B.
Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*or"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>th&eacute;orique</i>. See <u>Theory</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to the theorica.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> (<i>pron.</i> &?;) <def>Relating to, or skilled in,
theory; theoretically skilled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man but young,<BR>
Yet old in judgment, <i>theoric</i> and practic<BR>
In all humanity.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>The"o*ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>theorique</i>; cf.
L. <i>theorice</i>.] <def>Speculation; theory.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||The*or"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
(sc. &?;), fr. &?; belonging to &?; a public spectacle. See <u>Theory</u>.]
<i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>Public moneys expended at Athens on festivals,
sacrifices, and public entertainments (especially theatrical performances),
and in gifts to the people; -- also called <i>theoric fund</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*or"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Theoretic.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*or"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a theoretic
manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>The"o*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>th&eacute;oriste</i>.] <def>One who forms theories; one given to theory
and speculation; a speculatist.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The greatest <i>theoretists</i> have given the preference to
such a government as that which obtains in this kingdom.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>The`o*ri*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
product of theorizing; the formation of a theory or theories;
speculation.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"o*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Theorized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Theorizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>th&eacute;oriser</i>.] <def>To form a
theory or theories; to form opinions solely by theory; to
speculate.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"o*ri`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who theorizes
or speculates; a theorist.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Theories</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>th&eacute;orie</i>, L.
<i>theoria</i>, Gr. &?; a beholding, spectacle, contemplation, speculation,
fr. &?; a spectator, &?; to see, view. See <u>Theater</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A doctrine, or scheme of things, which terminates
in speculation or contemplation, without a view to practice; hypothesis;
speculation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "This word is employed by English writers in a very loose and
improper sense. It is with them usually convertible into <i>hypothesis</i>,
and <i>hypothesis</i> is commonly used as another term for
<i>conjecture</i>. The terms <i>theory</i> and <i>theoretical</i> are
properly used in opposition to the terms <i>practice</i> and
<i>practical</i>. In this sense, they were exclusively employed by the
ancients; and in this sense, they are almost exclusively employed by the
Continental philosophers."  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An exposition of the general or abstract
principles of any science; as, the <i>theory</i> of music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The science, as distinguished from the art; as,
the <i>theory</i> and practice of medicine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The philosophical explanation of phenomena,
either physical or moral; as, Lavoisier's <i>theory</i> of combustion; Adam
Smith's <i>theory</i> of moral sentiments.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Atomic theory</b></col>, <col><b>Binary theory</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Atomic</u>, <u>Binary</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hypothesis, speculation.  -- <u>Theory</u>,
<u>Hypothesis</u>. A <i>theory</i> is a scheme of the relations subsisting
between the parts of a systematic whole; an <i>hypothesis</i> is a
tentative conjecture respecting a cause of phenomena.</p>

<p>{ <hw>The"o*soph</hw> (?), <hw>The*os"o*pher</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A theosophist.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>The`o*soph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>The`o*soph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>th&eacute;osophique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to theosophy.</def> -- <wf>The`o*soph"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>The*os"o*phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>th&eacute;osophisme</i>.] <def>Belief in theosophy.</def>
<i>Murdock.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*os"o*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One addicted to
theosophy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>theosophist</i> is one who gives you a theory of God,
or of the works of God, which has not reason, but an inspiration of his
own, for its basis.</blockquote> <i>R. A. Vaughan.</i></p>

<p><hw>The*os`o*phis"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to theosophy; theosophical.</def></p>

<p><hw>The*os"o*phize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Theosophized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Theosophizing</u>.] <def>To practice theosophy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>The*os"o*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; knowledge of
things divine, fr. &?; wise in the things of God; &?; God + &?; wise: cf.
F. <i>th&eacute;osophie</i>.] <def>Any system of philosophy or mysticism
which proposes to attain intercourse with God and superior spirits, and
consequent superhuman knowledge, by physical processes, as by the theurgic
operations of some ancient Platonists, or by the chemical processes of the
German fire philosophers; also, a direct, as distinguished from a revealed,
knowledge of God, supposed to be attained by extraordinary illumination;
especially, a direct insight into the processes of the divine mind, and the
interior relations of the divine nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ther`a*peu"t&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; (pl. &?;) an attendant, servant, physician. See
<u>Therapeutic</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A name given to certain
ascetics said to have anciently dwelt in the neighborhood of Alexandria.
They are described in a work attributed to Philo, the genuineness and
credibility of which are now much discredited.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ther`a*peu"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Ther`a*peu"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>th&eacute;rapeutique</i>, Gr. &?;, from &?;
attendant, servant, &?; to serve, take care of, treat medically, &?;
attendant, servant.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the healing
art; concerned in discovering and applying remedies for diseases;
curative.</def> "<i>Therapeutic</i> or curative physic."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Medicine is justly distributed into "prophylactic," or the
art of preserving health, and <i>therapeutic</i>, or the art of restoring
it.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ther`a*peu"tic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Therapeut&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`a*peu"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>th&eacute;rapeutique</i>.] <def>That part of medical science which
treats of the discovery and application of remedies for diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`a*peu"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
therapeutics, or the discovery and application of remedies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"a*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Therapeutics.</def></p>

<p><hw>There</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ther</i>, AS.
<i>&eth;&aemacr;r</i>; akin to D. <i>daar</i>, G. <i>da</i>, OHG.
<i>d&amacr;r</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>der</i>, Icel. &amp; Goth. <i>&thorn;ar</i>,
Skr. <i>tarhi</i> then, and E. <i>that</i>. &radic;184. See <u>That</u>,
<pos><i>pron.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In or at that place.</def>
"[They] <i>there</i> left me and my man, both bound together."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord God planted a garden eastward in Eden; and
<i>there</i> he put the man whom he had formed.</blockquote> <i>Ge. ii.
8.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In distinction from <i>here</i>, <i>there</i> usually signifies a
place farther off. "Darkness <i>there</i> might well seem twilight
<i>here</i>." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In that matter, relation, etc.; at that point,
stage, etc., regarded as a distinct place; as, he did not stop
<i>there</i>, but continued his speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law that theaten'd death becomes thy friend<BR>
And turns it to exile; <i>there</i> art thou happy.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To or into that place; thither.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rarest that e'er came <i>there</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>There</i> is sometimes used by way of exclamation, calling the
attention to something, especially to something distant; as, <i>there</i>,
<i>there</i>! see <i>there</i>! look <i>there</i>! <i>There</i> is often
used as an expletive, and in this use, when it introduces a sentence or
clause, the verb precedes its subject.</p>

<p><blockquote>A knight <i>there</i> was, and that a worthy
man.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>There</i> is a path which no fowl knoweth.</blockquote>
<i>Job xxviii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherever <i>there</i> is a sense or perception, <i>there</i>
some idea is actually produced.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>There</i> have been that have delivered themselves from
their ills by their good fortune or virtue.</blockquote>
<i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>There</i> is much used in composition, and often has the sense
of a pronoun. See <u>Thereabout</u>, <u>Thereafter</u>, <u>Therefrom</u>,
etc.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>There</i> was formerly used in the sense of <i>where</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Spend their good <i>there</i> it is reasonable.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Here and there</b></col>, <cd>in one place and another.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Thither</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>There"a*bout`</hw> (?), <hw>There"a*bouts`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [The latter spelling is less proper, but more
commonly used.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Near that place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Near that number, degree, or quantity; nearly;
as, ten men, or <i>thereabouts</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Five or six thousand horse . . . or
<i>thereabouts</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some three months since, or <i>thereabout</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Concerning that; about that.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What will ye dine? I will go <i>thereabout</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They were much perplexed <i>thereabout</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Luke xxiv. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>There*af"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&eth;&aemacr;r&aelig;fter</i> after that. See <u>There</u>, and
<u>After</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>After that; afterward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>According to that; accordingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I deny not but that it is of greatest concernment in the
church and commonwealth to have a vigilant eye how books demean themselves
as well as men; and <i>thereafter</i> to confine, imprison, and do sharpest
justice on them as malefactors.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of that sort.</def> [Obs.] "My audience is not
<i>thereafter</i>."  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>There"a*gain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In opposition;
against one's course.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If that him list to stand <i>thereagain</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>There"-a*nent`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Concerning
that.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>There*at"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>At that place; there.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wide is the gate, and broad is the way, that leadeth to
destruction, and many there be which go in <i>thereat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. vii. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At that occurrence or event; on that
account.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every error is a stain to the beauty of nature; for which
cause it blusheth <i>thereat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>There`be*fore"</hw> (?), <hw>There`bi*forn"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Before that time; beforehand.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many a winter <i>therebiforn</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>There*by"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>By that; by that means; in consequence of that.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Acquaint now thyself with him, and be at peace;
<i>thereby</i> good shall come unto thee.</blockquote> <i>Job xxii.
21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Annexed to that.</def> "<i>Thereby</i> hangs a
tale."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Thereabout; -- said of place, number, etc.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>There*for"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>There</i> +
<i>for.</i>  Cf. <u>Therefore</u>.] <def>For that, or this; for
it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With certain officers ordained
<i>therefore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>There"fore</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>therfore</i>. See <u>There</u>, and <u>Fore</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>,
<u>For</u>, and cf. <u>Therefor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>For that or
this reason, referring to something previously stated; for that.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have married a wife, and <i>therefore</i> I can not
come.</blockquote> <i>Luke xiv. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, we have forsaken all, and followed thee; what shall
we have <i>therefore</i>?</blockquote> <i>Matt. xix. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consequently; by consequence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He blushes; <i>therefore</i> he is guilty.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Then</u>.</p>

<p><hw>There*from"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>From this or
that.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Turn not aside <i>therefrom</i> to the right hand or to the
left.</blockquote> <i>John. xxiii. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>There*in"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In that or this
place, time, or thing; in that particular or respect.</def>
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He pricketh through a fair forest,<BR>
<i>Therein</i> is many a wild beast.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bring forth abundantly in the earth, and multiply
<i>therein</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ix. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Therein</i> our letters do not well agree.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>There`in*to"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Into that or
this, or into that place.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not them . . . enter <i>thereinto</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Luke xxi. 21.</i></p>

<p><hw>There*of"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Of that or
this.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the day that thou eatest <i>thereof</i>, thou shalt
surely die.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>The`re*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Therapeutios.</def></p>

<p><hw>There*on"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&?;&?;ron</i>.
See <u>There</u>, and <u>On</u>.] <def>On that or this.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then the king said, Hang him <i>thereon</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Esther vii. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>There*out"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Out of that or this.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall take <i>thereout</i> his handful of the
flour.</blockquote> <i>Lev. ii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>On the outside; out of doors.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>There*to"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To that or this.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Besides; moreover.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her mouth full small, and <i>thereto</i> soft and
red.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>There`to*fore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Up to that
time; before then; -- correlative with <i>heretofore</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>There*un"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Under that or
this.</def></p>

<p><hw>There`un*to"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Unto that or
this; thereto; besides.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>There`up*on"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Upon that or this; thereon.</def> "They shall feed <i>thereupon</i>."
<i>Zeph. ii. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>On account, or in consequence, of that;
therefore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] hopes to find you forward, . . . <BR>
And <i>thereupon</i> he sends you this good news.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Immediately; at once; without delay.</def></p>

<p><hw>There*while"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At that time; at
the same time.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Laud.</i></p>

<p><hw>There*with"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>With that or this.</def> "I have learned in whatsoever state I am,
<i>therewith</i> to be content."  <i>Phil. iv. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In addition; besides; moreover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To speak of strength and <i>therewith</i>
hardiness.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>At the same time; forthwith.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>There`with*al"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Over and above; besides; moreover.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>therewithal</i> it was full poor and
bad.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With that or this; therewith; at the same
time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy slanders I forgive; and <i>therewithal</i><BR>
Remit thy other forfeits.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>therewithal</i> one came and seized on her,<BR>
And Enid started waking.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Therf</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&?;eorf</i>; akin to
OHG. <i>derb</i>, Icel. <i>&?;jarfr</i>.] <def>Not fermented; unleavened; -
- said of bread, loaves, etc.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pask and the feast of <i>therf</i> loaves.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1497 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>The"ri*ac</hw> (?), <hw>||The*ri"a*ca</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>theriaca</i> an antidote against the bite of
serpents, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>th&eacute;riaque</i>. See <u>Treacle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Old Med.)</i> <def>An ancient composition esteemed
efficacious against the effects of poison; especially, a certain compound
of sixty-four drugs, prepared, pulverized, and reduced by means of honey to
an electuary; -- called also <i>theriaca Andromachi</i>, and <i>Venice
treacle</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Treacle; molasses.</def>  <i>British
Pharm.</i></p>

<p>
{ <hw>The"ri*ac</hw> (?), <hw>The*ri"a*cal</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>th&eacute;riacal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to theriac;
medicinal.</def> "<i>Theriacal</i> herbs."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>The"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Theriac.</def> [R.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>The"ri*o*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>One of the Theriodontia. Used also adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||The`ri*o*don"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Theriodontia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||The`ri*o*don"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; (dim. of &?; a beast) + &?;, &?;, a tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An
extinct order of reptiles found in the Permian and Triassic formations in
South Africa. In some respects they resembled carnivorous mammals. Called
also <i>Theromorpha</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They had biconcave vertebr&aelig;, ambulatory limbs, and a well-
developed pelvis and shoulder girdle. Some of the species had large
maxillary teeth. The head somewhat resembled that of a turtle. The
Dicynodont is one of the best-known examples. See <u>Dicynodont</u>.</p>

<p><hw>The`ri*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wild beast +
&?; to cut.] <def>Zo&ouml;tomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ther"m&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Thermal</u>.] <def>Springs or baths of warm or hot water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>thermae</i> hot
springs, fr. Gr. &?;, pl. of &?; heat, fr. &?; hot, warm, &?; to warm, make
hot; perhaps akin to L. <i>formus</i> warm, and E. <i>forceps</i>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to heat; warm; hot; as, the <i>thermal</i> unit;
<i>thermal</i> waters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>thermal</i> condition of the earth.</blockquote>
<i>J. D. Forbes.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Thermal conductivity</b></col>, <col><b>Thermal
spectrum</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Conductivity</u>, and
<u>Spectrum</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Thermal unit</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>,
<cd>a unit chosen for the comparison or calculation of quantities of heat.
The unit most commonly employed is the amount of heat necessary to raise
the temperature of one gram or one pound of water from zero to one degree
Centigrade. See <u>Calorie</u>, and under <u>Unit</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a thermal
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther*met"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; heat + &?;
measure + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>A self-registering thermometer, especially
one that registers the maximum and minimum during long periods.</def>
<i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; heat.] <def>Of or
pertaining to heat; due to heat; thermal; as, <i>thermic</i>
lines.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thermic balance</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bolometer</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Thermic fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the condition of fever
produced by sunstroke. See <u>Sunstroke</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Thermic
weight</b></col>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Heat weight</i>, under
<u>Heat</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ther`mi`dor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Gr. &?; warm,
hot.] <def>The eleventh month of the French republican calendar, --
commencing July 19, and ending August 17. See the Note under
<u>Vend&eacute;miaire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther*mif"u*gine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; heat + L.
<i>fugere</i> to flee.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An artificial alkaloid of
complex composition, resembling thalline and used as an antipyretic, --
whence its name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr. <grk>qe`rmh</grk>
<i>heat</i>, <grk>qermo`s</grk> <i>hot</i>, <i>warm</i>; as in
<i>thermo</i>chemistry, <i>thermo</i>dynamic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*ba*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i>
+ <i>barometer</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for determining
altitudes by the boiling point of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*bat"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> +
<i>battery</i>.] <def>A thermoelectric battery; a thermopile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*cau"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> +
<i>cautery</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Cautery by the application of
heat.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Paquelin's thermocautery</b></col>, <cd>thermocautery by means
of a hollow platinum point, which is kept constantly hot by the passage
through it of benzine vapor.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ther`mo*chem"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ther`mo*chem"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem. Physics)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
thermochemistry; obtained by, or employed in, thermochemistry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*chem"is*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> +
<i>chemistry</i>.] <def>That branch of chemical science which includes the
investigation of the various relations existing between chemical action and
that manifestation of force termed heat, or the determination of the heat
evolved by, or employed in, chemical actions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther*moch"ro*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> + Gr.
&?; coloring.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The property possessed by heat of
being composed, like light, of rays of different degrees of refrangibility,
which are unequal in rate or degree of transmission through diathermic
substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*cur`rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> +
<i>current</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A current, as of electricity,
developed, or set in motion, by the action of heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*dy*nam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> +
<i>dynamic</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Relating to thermodynamics; caused
or operated by force due to the application of heat.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thermodynamic function</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Heat weight</i>,
under <u>Heat</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*dy*nam"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
which treats of the mechanical action or relations of heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Pertaining to thermoelectricity; as, <i>thermoelectric</i>
currents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*e`lec*tric"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-
</i> + <i>electricity</i>: cf. F. <i>thermo&eacute;lectricit&eacute;</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Electricity developed in the action of heat. See the
Note under <u>Electricity</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*e`lec*trom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-
</i> + <i>electrometer</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for
measuring the strength of an electric current in the heat which it
produces, or for determining the heat developed by such a
current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> + <i>-
gen</i>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>Caloric; heat; regarded as a material but
imponderable substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Relating to heat, or to the production of heat; producing heat;
thermogenous; as, the <i>thermogenic</i> tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther*mog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> +
<i>-genous</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Producing heat;
thermogenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> + <i>-
graph</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for automatically recording
indications of the variation of temperature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther*mol"o*gy</hw> (th&etilde;r"m&obreve;l"&osl;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>A discourse on,
or an account of, heat.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ther*mol"y*sis</hw> (-&ibreve;*s&ibreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Thermo-</i> + Gr. <grk>ly`ein</grk> to loose.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
resolution of a compound into parts by heat; dissociation by
heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*lyze</hw> (th&etilde;r"m&osl;*l&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To subject to thermolysis; to dissociate
by heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*mag"net*ism</hw> (-m&abreve;g"n&ebreve;t*&ibreve;z'm),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> + <i>magnetism</i>.] <def>Magnetism as
affected or caused by the action of heat; the relation of heat to
magnetism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther*mom"e*ter</hw> (th&etilde;r*m&obreve;m"&esl;*t&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> + <i>-meter</i>: cf. F.
thermom&egrave;tre. See <u>Thermal</u>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
instrument for measuring temperature, founded on the principle that changes
of temperature in bodies are accompanied by proportional changes in their
volumes or dimensions.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>thermometer</i> usually consists of a glass tube of
capillary bore, terminating in a bulb, and containing mercury or alcohol,
which expanding or contracting according to the temperature to which it is
exposed, indicates the degree of heat or cold by the amount of space
occupied, as shown by the position of the top of the liquid column on a
graduated scale. See <u>Centigrade</u>, <u>Fahrenheit</u>, and
<u>R&eacute;aumur</u>.</p>

<p>    To reduce degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Centigrade, substract
32&deg; and multiply by &frac59;; to reduce degrees Centigrade to degrees
Fahrenheit, multiply by &frac95; and add 32&deg;.</p>

<p><col><b>Air thermometer</b></col>, <col><b>Balance
thermometer</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Air</u>, <u>Balance</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Metallic thermometer</b></col>, <cd>a form of
thermometer indicating changes of temperature by the expansion or
contraction of rods or strips of metal.</cd> -- <col><b>Register
thermometer</b></col>, or <col><b>Self-registering thermometer</b></col>,
<cd>a thermometer that registers the maximum and minimum of temperature
occurring in the interval of time between two consecutive settings of the
instrument. A common form contains a bit of steel wire to be pushed before
the column and left at the point of maximum temperature, or a slide of
enamel, which is drawn back by the liquid, and left within it at the point
of minimum temperature.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ther`mo*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Ther`mo*met"ric*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>thermom&eacute;trique</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a thermometer; as, the
<i>thermometrical</i> scale or tube.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Made, or ascertained, by means of a thermometer;
as, <i>thermometrical</i> observations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*met"ric*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
thermometrical manner; by means of a thermometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*met"ro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; measure + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for
recording graphically the variations of temperature, or the indications of
a thermometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther*mom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The estimation of
temperature by the use of a thermometric apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*mul"ti*pli`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i>
+ <i>multiplier</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Thermopile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*pile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> +
<i>pile</i> a heap.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument of extreme
sensibility, used to determine slight differences and degrees of heat. It
is composed of alternate bars of antimony and bismuth, or any two metals
having different capacities for the conduction of heat, connected with an
astatic galvanometer, which is very sensibly affected by the electric
current induced in the system of bars when exposed even to the feeblest
degrees of heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> + <i>-
scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for indicating changes of
temperature without indicating the degree of heat by which it is affected;
especially, an instrument contrived by Count Rumford which, as modified by
Professor Leslie, was afterward called the <i>differential
thermometer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*scop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the thermoscope; made by means of the thermoscope;
as, <i>thermoscopic</i> observations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*stat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> + Gr.
&?; to make to stand.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A self-acting apparatus for
regulating temperature by the unequal expansion of different metals,
liquids, or gases by heat, as in opening or closing the damper of a stove,
or the like, as the heat becomes greater or less than is desired.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*stat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the thermostat; made or effected by means of the
thermostat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*sys*tal"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> +
<i>systaltic</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Influenced in its contraction by
heat or cold; -- said of a muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*tax"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> + Gr.
&?; arrangement.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or connected with,
the regulation of temperature in the animal body; as, the
<i>thermotaxic</i> nervous system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*ten"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> +
<i>tension</i>.] <def>A process of increasing the strength of wrought iron
by heating it to a determinate temperature, and giving to it, while in that
state, a mechanical strain or tension in the direction in which the
strength is afterward to be exerted.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ther*mot"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ther*mot"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; heat, fr. &?; hot.] <def>Of or pertaining to
heat; produced by heat; as, <i>thermotical</i> phenomena.</def>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ther*mot"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science of
heat.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Manifesting thermotropism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther*mot"ro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> +
Gr. &?; to turn.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The phenomenon of turning towards a
source of warmth, seen in the growing parts of some plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> + <i>-
type</i>.] <def>A picture (as of a slice of wood) obtained by first wetting
the object slightly with hydrochloric or dilute sulphuric acid, then taking
an impression with a press, and next strongly heating this
impression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther*mot"y*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or process
of obtaining thermotypes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*vol*ta"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Thermo-</i> +
<i>voltaic</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Of or relating to heat and
electricity; especially, relating to thermal effects produced by voltaic
action.</def>  <i>Faraday.</i></p>

<p><hw>||The`ro*mor"pha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.: Gr. &?;
beast + &?; form.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>See <u>Theriodonta</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||The*rop"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a beast + &?;, &?;, foot.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An order of carnivorous
dinosaurs in which the feet are less birdlike, and hence more like those of
an ordinary quadruped, than in the Ornithopoda. It includes the rapacious
genera <i>Megalosaurus</i>, <i>Creosaurus</i>, and their allies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||The*sau"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Thesauri</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Treasure</u>.] <def>A treasury
or storehouse; hence, a repository, especially of knowledge; -- often
applied to a comprehensive work, like a dictionary or cyclopedia.</def></p>

<p><hw>These</hw> (&thlig;&emacr;z), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>&thorn;es</i>, <i>&thorn;&aelig;s</i>, a variant of <i>&thorn;as</i>,
pl. of <i>&thorn;es</i>, <i>thes</i>, this. See <u>This</u>, and cf.
<u>Those</u>.] <def>The plural of <i>this</i>. See <u>This</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thes"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>thesis</i>.]
<def>A little or subordinate thesis; a proposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Theses</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to place, set. See
<u>Do</u>, and cf. <u>Anathema</u>, <u>Apothecary</u>, <u>Epithet</u>,
<u>Hypothesis</u>, <u>Parenthesis</u>, <u>Theme</u>, <u>Tick</u> a cover.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A position or proposition which a person advances
and offers to maintain, or which is actually maintained by
argument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, an essay or dissertation written upon
specific or definite theme; especially, an essay presented by a candidate
for a diploma or degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I told them of the grave, becoming, and sublime deportment
they should assume upon this mystical occasion, and read them two homilies
and a <i>thesis</i> of my own composing, to prepare them.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>An affirmation, or distinction
from a supposition or hypothesis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The accented part of the measure,
expressed by the downward beat; -- the opposite of <i>arsis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Pros.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
depression of the voice in pronouncing the syllables of a word.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The part of the foot upon which such a depression
falls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thes"mo*thete</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; that
which is established, a law (fr. &?; to set) + &?; a giver (also fr. &?;).]
<i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A lawgiver; a legislator; one of the six junior
archons at Athens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thes"pi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L. <i>Thespis</i>,
Gr. &?;, the founder of the Greek drama.] <def>Of or pertaining to Thespis;
hence, relating to the drama; dramatic; as, the <i>Thespian</i> art.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An actor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thes*sa"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>Thessalius</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Thessaly in Greece.</def>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Thessaly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thes`sa*lo"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Thessalonica, a city of Macedonia.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of Thessalonica.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. <grk>qh^ta</grk>,
the Greek letter &theta;, &THETA;.] <def>A letter of the Greek alphabet
corresponding to <i>th</i> in English; -- sometimes called the
<i>unlucky</i> letter, from being used by the judges on their ballots in
passing condemnation on a prisoner, it being the first letter of the Greek
<grk>qa`natos</grk>, death.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Theta function</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>one of a group of
functions used in developing the properties of elliptic functions.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thet"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; fit for placing,
fr. &?; to set, lay down. See <u>Thesis</u>.] <def>Laid down; absolute or
positive, as a law.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>The"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Th</i>io + <i>et</i>her
+ sulph<i>ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a series of complex
basic sulphur compounds analogous to the sulphines.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>The*ur"gic</hw> (?), <hw>The*ur"gic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>theurgicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>th&eacute;urgique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to theurgy;
magical.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Theurgic hymns</b></col>, <cd>songs of incantation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>The"ur*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>th&eacute;urgiste</i>.] <def>One who pretends to, or is addicted to,
theurgy.</def>  <i>Hallywell.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1498 !></p>

<p><hw>The"ur*gy</hw> (th&emacr;"&ubreve;r*j&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>theurgia</i>, Gr. <grk>qeoyrgi`a</grk>, fr. <grk>qeoyrgo`s</grk>
doing the works of God; <grk>qeo`s</grk> God + <grk>'e`rgon</grk> work: cf.
F. <i>th&eacute;urgie</i>. See <u>Theism</u>, and <u>Work</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A divine work; a miracle; hence, magic;
sorcery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of magical science or art developed in
Alexandria among the Neoplatonists, and supposed to enable man to influence
the will of the gods by means of purification and other sacramental
rites.</def>  <i>Schaff-Herzog Encyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In later or modern magic, that species of magic
in which effects are claimed to be produced by supernatural agency, in
distinction from <i>natural</i> magic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thew</hw> (th&umacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chiefly used in the
plural <u>Thews</u> (th&umacr;z).] [OE. <i>thew</i>, <i>&thorn;eau</i>,
manner, habit, strength, AS. <i>&thorn;e&aacute;w</i> manner, habit (cf.
<i>&thorn;&ymacr;wan</i> to drive); akin to OS. <i>thau</i> custom, habit,
OHG. <i>dou</i>. &radic;56.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Manner; custom; habit;
form of behavior; qualities of mind; disposition; specifically, good
qualities; virtues.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For her great light<BR>
Of sapience, and for her <i>thews</i> clear.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Evil speeches destroy good <i>thews</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif (1 Cor. xv. 33).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To be upbrought in gentle <i>thews</i> and martial
might.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Muscle or strength; nerve; brawn; sinew.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And I myself, who sat apart<BR>
And watched them, waxed in every limb;<BR>
I felt the <i>thews</i> of Anakim,<BR>
The pules of a Titan's heart.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thewed</hw> (th&umacr;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with thews or muscles; as, a well-<i>thewed</i>
limb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accustomed; mannered.</def> [Obs.]  <i>John
Skelton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet would not seem so rude and <i>thewed</i>
ill.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thew"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having strong or large
thews or muscles; muscular; sinewy; strong.</def></p>

<p><hw>They</hw> (&thlig;&amacr;), <pos><i>pron. pl.</i></pos>;
<pos><i>poss.</i></pos> <u>Theirs</u>; <pos><i>obj.</i></pos> <u>Them</u>.
[Icel. <i>&thorn;eir</i> they, properly nom. pl. masc. of <i>s&amacr;</i>,
<i>s&umacr;</i>, <i>&thorn;at</i>, a demonstrative pronoun, akin to the
English definite article, AS. <i>s&emacr;</i>, <i>se&oacute;</i>,
<i>&eth;&aelig;t</i>, nom. pl. <i>&eth;&amacr;</i>. See <u>That</u>.]
<def>The plural of <i>he</i>, <i>she</i>, or <i>it</i>. <i>They</i> is
never used adjectively, but always as a pronoun proper, and sometimes
refers to persons without an antecedent expressed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jolif and glad <i>they</i> went unto <i>here</i> [their]
rest<BR>
And casten <i>hem</i> [them] full early for to sail.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>They</i> of Italy salute you.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xiii.
24.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Blessed are <i>they</i> which do hunger and thirst after
righteousness.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 6.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>They</i> is used indefinitely, as our ancestors used
<i>man</i>, and as the French use <i>on</i>; as, <i>they</i> say (French
<i>on dit</i>), that is, it is said by persons not specified.</p>

<p><hw>Thi*al"dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thio-</i> +
<i>al</i>dehyde + <i>-ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A weak nitrogenous
sulphur base, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>13</sub>NS<sub>2</sub>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi"al*ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thio-</i> +
<i>al</i>cohol + L. <i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless oily
liquid, (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>, having a
strong garlic odor; -- called also <i>ethyl disulphide</i>. By extension,
any one of the series of related compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thib"e*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Thibet.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Thibet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thib"et cloth`</hw> (?). <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fabric made of
coarse goat's hair; a kind of camlet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind
of fine woolen cloth, used for dresses, cloaks, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi*be"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Thibetan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slice; a skimmer; a
spatula; a pudding stick.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thick</hw> (th&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Thicker</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Thickest</u>.] [OE. <i>thicke</i>, AS.
<i>&thorn;icce</i>; akin to D. <i>dik</i>, OS. <i>thikki</i>, OHG.
<i>dicchi</i> thick, dense, G. <i>dick</i> thick, Icel. <i>&thorn;ykkr</i>,
<i>&thorn;j&ouml;kkr</i>, and probably to Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>tiugh</i>.  Cf.
<u>Tight</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Measuring in the third dimension
other than length and breadth, or in general dimension other than length; -
- said of a solid body; as, a timber seven inches <i>thick</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Were it as <i>thick</i> as is a branched oak.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My little finger shall be <i>thicker</i> than my father's
loins.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings xii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having more depth or extent from one surface to
its opposite than usual; not thin or slender; as, a <i>thick</i> plank;
<i>thick</i> cloth; <i>thick</i> paper; <i>thick</i> neck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Dense; not thin; inspissated; as, <i>thick</i>
vapors. Also used figuratively; as, <i>thick</i> darkness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Make the gruel <i>thick</i> and slab.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not transparent or clear; hence, turbid, muddy,
or misty; as, the water of a river is apt to be <i>thick</i> after a
rain.</def> "In a <i>thick</i>, misty day."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Abundant, close, or crowded in space; closely
set; following in quick succession; frequently recurring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people were gathered <i>thick</i> together.</blockquote>
<i>Luke xi. 29.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Black was the forest; <i>thick</i> with beech it
stood.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not having due distinction of syllables, or good
articulation; indistinct; as, a <i>thick</i> utterance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Deep; profound; as, <i>thick</i> sleep.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Dull; not quick; as, <i>thick</i> of
fearing.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His dimensions to any <i>thick</i> sight were
invincible.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Intimate; very friendly; familiar.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We have been <i>thick</i> ever since.</blockquote> <i>T.
Hughes.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Thick</i> is often used in the formation of compounds, most of
which are self-explaining; as, <i>thick</i>-barred, <i>thick</i>-bodied,
<i>thick</i>-coming, <i>thick</i>-cut, <i>thick</i>-flying, <i>thick</i>-
growing, <i>thick</i>-leaved, <i>thick</i>-lipped, <i>thick</i>-necked,
<i>thick</i>-planted, <i>thick</i>-ribbed, <i>thick</i>-shelled,
<i>thick</i>-woven, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Thick register</b></col>. <i>(Phon.)</i> <cd>See the Note under
<u>Register</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</cd> -- <col><b>Thick
stuff</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>all plank that is more than four inches
thick and less than twelve.</cd> <i>J. Knowles.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Dense; close; compact; solid; gross; coarse.</p>

<p><hw>Thick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
thickest part, or the time when anything is thickest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>thick</i> of the dust and smoke.</blockquote>
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thicket; as, gloomy <i>thicks</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Through the <i>thick</i> they heard one rudely
rush.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He through a little window cast his sight<BR>
Through <i>thick</i> of bars, that gave a scanty light.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Thick-and-thin block</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a fiddle
block. See under <u>Fiddle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Through thick and
thin</b></col>, <cd>through all obstacles and difficulties, both great and
small.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Through thick and thin</i> she followed him.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He became the panegyrist, <i>through thick and thin</i>, of
a military frenzy.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thick</hw> (th&ibreve;k), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&thorn;icce</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Frequently; fast;
quick.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Closely; as, a plat of ground <i>thick</i>
sown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To a great depth, or to a greater depth than
usual; as, land covered <i>thick</i> with manure.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thick and threefold</b></col>, <cd>in quick succession, or in
great numbers.</cd> [Obs.] <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>&thorn;iccian</i>.] <def>To thicken.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The nightmare Life-in-death was she,<BR>
Who <i>thicks</i> man's blood with cold.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thick"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bullfinch.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Thick"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Thickened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Thickening</u>.] <def>To make thick (in any sense of the word).</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To render dense; to inspissate; as, to
<i>thicken</i> paint.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To make close; to fill up interstices in; as,
to <i>thicken</i> cloth; to <i>thicken</i> ranks of trees or men.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To strengthen; to confirm.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And this may to <i>thicken</i> other proofs.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To make more frequent; as, to <i>thicken</i>
blows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thick"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become thick.</def>
"Thy luster <i>thickens</i> when he shines by."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The press of people <i>thickens</i> to the
court.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The combat <i>thickens</i>, like the storm that
flies.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thick"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something put into a
liquid or mass to make it thicker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thick"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&thorn;iccet</i>.
See <u>Thick</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A wood or a collection of
trees, shrubs, etc., closely set; as, a ram caught in a
<i>thicket</i>.</def>  <i>Gen. xxii. 13.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thick"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thick-headed or stupid person.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of Australian singing birds of the genus <i>Pachycephala</i>. The males of
some of the species are bright-colored. Some of the species are popularly
called <i>thrushes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thick"-head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a thick skull;
stupid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thick"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat thick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thick"-knee`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A stone curlew. See under <u>Stone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thick"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a thick manner;
deeply; closely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thick"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&?;icnes</i>.]
<def>The quality or state of being thick (in any of the senses of the
adjective).</def></p>

<p><hw>Thick"set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Close planted; as, a <i>thickset</i> wood; a <i>thickset</i>
hedge.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a short, thick body; stout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thick"set`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
close or thick hedge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stout, twilled cotton cloth; a fustian
corduroy, or velveteen.</def>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thick"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coarse, gross
person; a person void of sensibility or sinsitiveness; a dullard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thick"-skinned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a thick
skin; hence, not sensitive; dull; obtuse.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thick"skull`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dullard, or dull
person; a blockhead; a numskull.</def>  <i>Entick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thick"-skulled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a thick
skull; hence, dull; heavy; stupid; slow to learn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thick" wind`</hw> (?). <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A defect of respiration in
a horse, that is unassociated with noise in breathing or with the signs of
emphysema.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thick"-wind`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i>
<def>Affected with thick wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Thither.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thid"er*ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Thitherward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Thief</hw> (th&emacr;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Thieves</b></plw> (th&emacr;vz). [OE. <i>thef</i>, <i>theef</i>,
AS. <i>&thorn;e&oacute;f</i>; akin to OFries. <i>thiaf</i>, OS.
<i>theof</i>, <i>thiof</i>, D. <i>dief</i>, G. <i>dieb</i>, OHG.
<i>diob</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;j&omacr;fr</i>, Sw. <i>tjuf</i>, Dan.
<i>tyv</i>, Goth. <i>&thorn;iufs</i>, <i>&thorn;iubs</i>, and perhaps to
Lith. <i>tupeti</i> to squat or crouch down.  Cf. <u>Theft</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who steals; one who commits theft or larceny.
See <u>Theft</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There came a privy <i>thief</i>, men clepeth
death.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where <i>thieves</i> break through and steal.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. vi. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A waster in the snuff of a candle.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Thief catcher</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Thief taker</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Thief leader</b></col>, <cd>one who leads or takes away a
thief.</cd> <i>L'Estrange.</i> -- <col><b>Thief taker</b></col>, <cd>one
whose business is to find and capture thieves and bring them to
justice.</cd> -- <col><b>Thief tube</b></col>, <cd>a tube for withdrawing a
sample of a liquid from a cask.</cd> -- <col><b>Thieves' vinegar</b></col>,
<cd>a kind of aromatic vinegar for the sick room, taking its name from the
story that thieves, by using it, were enabled to plunder, with impunity to
health, in the great plague at London.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Robber; pilferer.  -- <u>Thief</u>, <u>Robber</u>. A
<i>thief</i> takes our property by stealth; a <i>robber</i> attacks us
openly, and strips us by main force.</p>

<p><blockquote>Take heed, have open eye, for <i>thieves</i> do foot by
night.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some roving <i>robber</i> calling to his
fellows.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thief"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Like a thief;
thievish; thievishly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thi"&euml;*none</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thi&euml;n</i>yl
+ ket<i>one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A ketone derivative of thiophene
obtained as a white crystalline substance,
(C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>3</sub>S)<sub>2</sub>.CO, by the action of aluminium
chloride and carbonyl chloride on thiophene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi"&euml;*nyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Thi</i>oph<i>ene</i> + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
hypothetical radical C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>3</sub>S, regarded as the essential
residue of thiophene and certain of its derivatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thieve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Thieved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Thieving</u>.] [AS. ge<i>&thorn;e&oacute;fian</i>.] <def>To practice
theft; to steal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thiev"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The practice of stealing; theft; thievishness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among the Spartans, <i>thievery</i> was a practice morally
good and honest.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is stolen.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thiev"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Given
to stealing; addicted to theft; as, a <i>thievish</i> boy, a
<i>thievish</i> magpie.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a thief; acting by stealth; sly;
secret.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time's <i>thievish</i> progress to eternity.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Partaking of the nature of theft; accomplished
by stealing; dishonest; as, a <i>thievish</i> practice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or with a base and biosterous sword enforce<BR>
A <i>thievish</i> living on the common road.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Thiev"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Thiev"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Thigh</hw> (th&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thi</i>,
<i>&thorn;ih</i>, <i>&thorn;eh</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;e&oacute;h</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>thiach</i>, D. <i>dij</i>, <i>dije</i>, OHG. <i>dioh</i>,
<i>thioh</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;j&omacr;</i> thigh, rump, and probably to
Lith. <i>taukas</i> fat of animals, <i>tukti</i> to become fat, Russ.
<i>tuke</i> fat of animals. &radic;56.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The proximal segment of the hind limb between the knee and the trunk.
See <u>Femur</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The coxa, or femur, of an
insect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thigh bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the femur.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thilk</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Ilk</u> same.]
<def>That same; this; that.</def> [Obs.] "I love <i>thilk</i> lass."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou spake right now of <i>thilke</i> traitor
death.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thille</i>, AS.
<i>&?;ille</i> a board, plank, beam, thill; akin to <i>&?;el</i> a plank,
D. <i>deel</i> a plank, floor, G. <i>diele</i>, OHG. <i>dili</i>,
<i>dilla</i>, Icel. <i>&?;ilja</i> a plank, planking, a thwart,
<i>&?;ili</i> a wainscot, plank; cf. Skr. <i>tala</i> a level surface.
&radic;236.  Cf. <u>Fill</u> a thill, <u>Deal</u> a plank.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the two long pieces of wood, extending
before a vehicle, between which a horse is hitched; a shaft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The floor of a coal mine.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Thill coupling</b></col>, <cd>a device for connecting the thill
of a vehicle to the axle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thill"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The horse which goes
between the thills, or shafts, and supports them; also, the last horse in a
team; -- called also <i>thill horse</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thim"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thimbil</i>, AS.
<i>&?;&?;mel</i>, fr. <i>&?;&?;ma</i> a thumb. &radic;56. See
<u>Thumb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cap or cover, or sometimes
a broad ring, for the end of the finger, used in sewing to protect the
finger when pushing the needle through the material. It is usually made of
metal, and has upon the outer surface numerous small pits to catch the head
of the needle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Any thimble-shaped appendage or
fixure.</def> Specifically: -- <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tubular piece,
generally a strut, through which a bolt or pin passes.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A fixed or movable ring, tube, or lining placed in
a hole.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A tubular cone for expanding a flue;
-- called <i>ferrule</i> in England.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A ring of thin metal formed with
a grooved circumference so as to fit within an eye-spice, or the like, and
protect it from chafing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thim"ble*ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of black raspberry (<i>Rubus occidentalis</i>), common in
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thim"ble*eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The chub mackerel. See under <u>Chub</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thim"ble*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Thimblefuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a thimble will hold; a
very small quantity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For a <i>thimbleful</i> of golf, a <i>thimbleful</i> of
love.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thim"ble*rig`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sleight-of-hand
trick played with three small cups, shaped like thimbles, and a small ball
or little pea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thim"ble*rig`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Thimblerigged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Thimblerigging</u>.] <def>To swindle by means of small cups or thimbles,
and a pea or small ball placed under one of them and quickly shifted to
another, the victim laying a wager that he knows under which cup it is;
hence, to cheat by any trick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thim"ble*rig`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who cheats
by thimblerigging, or tricks of legerdemain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thim"ble*weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
plant of the composite genus <i>Rudbeckia</i>, coarse herbs somewhat
resembling the sunflower; -- so called from their conical
receptacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thin</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Thiner</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Thinest</u>.] [OE.
<i>thinne</i>, <i>thenne</i>, <i>thunne</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;ynne</i>; akin
to D. <i>dun</i>, G. <i>d&uuml;nn</i>, OHG. <i>dunni</i>, Icel.
<i>&thorn;unnr</i>, Sw. <i>tunn</i>, Dan. <i>tynd</i>, Gael. &amp; Ir.
<i>tana</i>, W. <i>teneu</i>, L. <i>tenuis</i>, Gr. &?; (in comp.)
stretched out, &?; stretched, stretched out, long, Skr. <i>tanu</i> thin,
slender; also to AS. <i>&?;enian</i> to extend, G. <i>dehnen</i>, Icel.
<i>&?;enja</i>, Goth. <i>&?;anjan</i> (in comp.), L. <i>tendere</i> to
stretch, <i>tenere</i> to hold, Gr. &?; to stretch, Skr. <i>tan</i>.
&radic;51 &amp; 237.   Cf. <u>Attenuate</u>, <u>Dance</u>, <u>Tempt</u>,
<u>Tenable</u>, <u>Tend</u> to move, <u>Tenous</u>, <u>Thunder</u>,
<u>Tone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having little thickness or extent
from one surface to its opposite; as, a <i>thin</i> plate of metal;
<i>thin</i> paper; a <i>thin</i> board; a <i>thin</i> covering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rare; not dense or thick; -- applied to fluids
or soft mixtures; as, <i>thin</i> blood; <i>thin</i> broth; <i>thin</i>
air.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the day, when the air is more <i>thin</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Satan, bowing low<BR>
His gray dissimulation, disappeared,<BR>
Into <i>thin</i> air diffused.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not close; not crowded; not filling the space;
not having the individuals of which the thing is composed in a close or
compact state; hence, not abundant; as, the trees of a forest are
<i>thin</i>; the corn or grass is <i>thin</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ferrara is very large, but extremely <i>thin</i> of
people.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not full or well grown; wanting in
plumpness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seven <i>thin</i> ears . . . blasted with the east
wind.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xli. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not stout; slim; slender; lean; gaunt; as, a
person becomes <i>thin</i> by disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in body or volume; small; feeble; not
full.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Thin</i>, hollow sounds, and lamentable
screams.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Slight; small; slender; flimsy; wanting
substance or depth or force; superficial; inadequate; not sufficient for a
covering; as, a <i>thin</i> disguise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My tale is done, for my wit is but <i>thin</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Thin</i> is used in the formation of compounds which are
mostly self-explaining; as, <i>thin</i>-faced, <i>thin</i>-lipped,
<i>thin</i>-peopled, <i>thin</i>-shelled, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Thin section</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Section</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thin</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not thickly or closely; in a
seattered state; as, seed sown <i>thin</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spain is <i>thin</i> sown of people.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Thinned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Thinning</u>.]
[Cf. AS. ge<i>&thorn;ynnian</i>.] <def>To make thin (in any of the senses
of the adjective).</def></p>

<p><hw>Thin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow or become thin; --
used with some adverbs, as <i>out</i>, <i>away</i>, etc.; as, geological
strata <i>thin</i> out, <i>i. e.</i>, gradually diminish in thickness until
they disappear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thine</hw> (&thlig;&imacr;n), <pos><i>pron. &amp; a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>thin</i>, AS. <i>&eth;&imacr;n</i>, originally gen. of <i>&eth;u</i>,
<i>&eth;&umacr;</i>, thou; akin to G. <i>dein</i> thine, Icel.
<i>&thorn;inn</i>, possessive pron., <i>&thorn;&imacr;n</i>, gen. of
&thorn;&umacr; thou, Goth. <i>&thorn;eins</i>, possessive pron.,
<i>&thorn;eina</i>, gen. of <i>&thorn;u</i> thou. See <u>Thou</u>, and cf.
<u>Thy</u>.] <def>A form of the possessive case of the pronoun <i>thou</i>,
now superseded in common discourse by <i>your</i>, the possessive of
<i>you</i>, but maintaining a place in solemn discourse, in poetry, and in
the usual language of the Friends, or Quakers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the old style, <i>thine</i> was commonly shortened to
<i>thi</i> (<i>thy</i>) when used attributively before words beginning with
a consonant; now, <i>thy</i> is used also before vowels. <i>Thine</i> is
often used absolutely, the thing possessed being understood.</p>

<p><! p. 1499 !></p>

<p><hw>Thing</hw> (th&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&thorn;ing</i> a thing, cause, assembly, judicial assembly; akin to
<i>&thorn;ingan</i> to negotiate, <i>&thorn;ingian</i> to reconcile,
conciliate, D. <i>ding</i> a thing, OS. <i>thing</i> thing, assembly,
judicial assembly, G. <i>ding</i> a thing, formerly also, an assembly,
court, Icel. <i>&thorn;ing</i> a thing, assembly, court, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>ting</i>; perhaps originally used of the transaction of or before a
popular assembly, or the time appointed for such an assembly; cf. G.
<i>dingen</i> to bargain, hire, MHG. <i>dingen</i> to hold court, speak
before a court, negotiate, Goth. <i>&thorn;eihs</i> time, perhaps akin to
L. <i>tempus</i> time.  Cf. <u>Hustings</u>, and <u>Temporal</u> of time.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Whatever exists, or is conceived to exist, as a
separate entity, whether animate or inanimate; any separable or
distinguishable object of thought.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God made . . . every <i>thing</i> that creepeth upon the
earth after his kind.</blockquote> <i>Gen. i. 25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He sent after this manner; ten asses laden with the good
<i>things</i> of Egypt.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xiv. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>thing</i> of beauty is a joy forever.</blockquote>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inanimate object, in distinction from a
living being; any lifeless material.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye meads and groves, unconscious <i>things</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A transaction or occurrence; an event; a
deed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[And Jacob said] All these <i>things</i> are against
me.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xlii. 36.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which if ye tell me, I in like wise will tell you by what
authority I do these <i>things</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxi. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A portion or part; something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wicked men who understand any <i>thing</i> of
wisdom.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A diminutive or slighted object; any object
viewed as merely existing; -- often used in pity or contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See, sons, what <i>things</i> you are!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The poor <i>thing</i> sighed, and . . . turned from
me.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll be this abject <i>thing</i> no more.</blockquote>
<i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a <i>thing</i> in prose.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Clothes; furniture; appurtenances;
luggage; as, to pack or store one's <i>things</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>&fist; Formerly, the singular was sometimes used in a plural or
collective sense.</p>

<p><blockquote>And them she gave her moebles and her
<i>thing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Thing</i> was used in a very general sense in Old English, and
is still heard colloquially where some more definite term would be used in
careful composition.</p>

<p><blockquote>In the garden [he] walketh to and fro,<BR>
And hath his <i>things</i> [<i>i. e.</i>, prayers, devotions] said full
courteously.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hearkening his minstrels their <i>things</i>
play.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Whatever may be possessed or owned;
a property; -- distinguished from <i>person</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> [<i>In this sense pronounced</i> t&ibreve;ng.]
<def>In Scandinavian countries, a legislative or judicial assembly.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Things personal</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Personal
property</i>, under <u>Personal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Things real</b></col>.
<cd>Same as <i>Real property</i>, under <u>Real</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Think</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Thought</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Thinking</u>.] [OE. <i>thinken</i>, properly, to seem, from AS.
<i>&thorn;yncean</i> (cf. <u>Methinks</u>), but confounded with OE.
<i>thenken</i> to think, fr. AS. <i>&thorn;encean</i> (imp.
<i>&thorn;&omacr;hte</i>); akin to D. <i>denken</i>, <i>dunken</i>, OS.
<i>thenkian</i>, <i>thunkian</i>, G. <i>denken</i>, <i>d&uuml;nken</i>,
Icel. <i>&thorn;ekkja</i> to perceive, to know, <i>&thorn;ykkja</i> to
seem, Goth. <i>&thorn;agkjan</i>, <i>&thorn;aggkjan</i>, to think,
<i>&thorn;ygkjan</i> to think, to seem, OL. <i>tongere</i> to know.  Cf.
<u>Thank</u>, <u>Thought</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To seem or appear; -
- used chiefly in the expressions <i>methinketh</i> or <i>methinks</i>, and
<i>methought</i>.</def>
</p>

<p>&fist; These are genuine Anglo-Saxon expressions, equivalent to <i>it
seems to me</i>, <i>it seemed to me</i>. In these expressions <i>me</i> is
in the dative case.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To employ any of the intellectual powers except
that of simple perception through the senses; to exercise the higher
intellectual faculties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For that I am<BR>
I know, because I <i>think</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Specifically: -- <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To call
anything to mind; to remember; as, I would have sent the books, but I did
not <i>think</i> of it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well <i>thought</i> upon; I have it here.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To reflect upon any subject; to muse; to
meditate; to ponder; to consider; to deliberate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And when he <i>thought</i> thereon, he wept.</blockquote>
<i>Mark xiv. 72.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>thought</i> within himself, saying, What shall I do,
because I have no room where to bestow my fruits?</blockquote> <i>Luke xii.
17.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To form an opinion by reasoning; to judge; to
conclude; to believe; as, I <i>think</i> it will rain to-morrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let them marry to whom they <i>think</i> best.</blockquote>
<i>Num. xxxvi. 6.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To purpose; to intend; to design; to
mean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>thought</i> to promote thee unto great
honor.</blockquote> <i>Num. xxiv. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>thought'st</i> to help me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To presume; to venture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Think</i> not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham
to our father.</blockquote> <i>Matt. iii. 9.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>To think</i>, in a philosophical use as yet somewhat limited,
designates the higher intellectual acts, the acts pre&euml;minently
rational; to judge; to compare; to reason. Thinking is employed by Hamilton
as "comprehending all our collective energies." It is defined by Mansel as
"the act of knowing or judging by means of concepts,"by Lotze as "the
reaction of the mind on the material supplied by external influences." See
<u>Thought</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>To think better of</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Better</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>To think much of</b></col>, or <col><b>To think well
of</b></col>, <cd>to hold in esteem; to esteem highly.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To expect; guess; cogitate; reflect; ponder; contemplate;
meditate; muse; imagine; suppose; believe. See <u>Expect</u>,
<u>Guess</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Think</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
conceive; to imagine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Charity . . . <i>thinketh</i> no evil.</blockquote> <i>1
Cor. xiii. 4,5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To plan or design; to plot; to compass.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So little womanhood<BR>
And natural goodness, as to <i>think</i> the death<BR>
Of her own son.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To believe; to consider; to esteem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor <i>think</i> superfluous other's aid.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To think much</b></col>, <cd>to esteem a great matter; to
grudge.</cd> [Obs.] "[He] <i>thought</i> not <i>much</i> to clothe his
enemies." <i>Milton.</i> -- <col><b>To think scorn</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To disdain.</cd> [Obs.] "He <i>thought scorn</i> to
lay hands on Mordecai alone." <i>Esther iii. 6.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To feel indignation.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Think"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
thought or conceived; cogitable.</def>  <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Think"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who thinks;
especially and chiefly, one who thinks in a particular manner; as, a close
<i>thinker</i>; a deep <i>thinker</i>; a coherent <i>thinker</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Think"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the faculty of
thought; cogitative; capable of a regular train of ideas; as, man is a
<i>thinking</i> being.</def> -- <wf>Think"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Think"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of thinking; mode
of thinking; imagination; cogitation; judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I heard a bird so sing,<BR>
Whose music, to my <i>thinking</i>, pleased the king.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thin"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In a thin manner; in a
loose, scattered manner; scantily; not thickly; as, ground <i>thinly</i>
planted with trees; a country <i>thinly</i> inhabited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thin"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who thins, or makes
thinner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thin"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being thin (in any of the senses of the word).</def></p>

<p><hw>Thin"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
thin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thin"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, shore +
<i>-lite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A calcareous tufa, in part crystalline,
occurring on a large scale as a shore deposit about the Quaternary lake
basins of Nevada.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thin"-skinned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a thin
skin; hence, sensitive; irritable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi"o-</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; brimstone, sulphur.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
combining form (also used adjectively) denoting <i>the presence of
sulphur</i>. See <u>Sulpho-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi`o*car"bon*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A sulphocarbonate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi`o*car*bon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Thio-</i> +
<i>carbonic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Sulphocarbonic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi`o*cy"a*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Sulphocyanate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi`o*cy*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Thio-</i> +
<i>cyanic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Sulphocyanic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi`o*naph"thene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thio</i>phene +
<i>naphth</i>al<i>ene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A double benzene and
thiophene nucleus, C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>6</sub>S, analogous to naphthalene,
and like it the base of a large series of derivatives.</def> [Written also
<i>thionaphtene</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Thi*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; brimstone,
sulphur.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to sulphur; containing or
resembling sulphur; specifically, designating certain of the thio
compounds; as, the <i>thionic</i> acids.  Cf. <u>Dithionic</u>,
<u>Trithionic</u>, <u>Tetrathionic</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi"on*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; brimstone,
sulphur.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An artificial red or violet dyestuff
consisting of a complex sulphur derivative of certain aromatic diamines,
and obtained as a dark crystalline powder; -- called also <i>phenylene
violet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi"on*ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thion</i>ine + <i>-
ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A red or violet dyestuff having a greenish
metallic luster. It is produced artificially, by the chemical dehydration
of thionine, as a brown amorphous powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi*on"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
beautiful fluorescent crystalline substance, intermediate in composition
between thionol and thionine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi"on*yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thion</i>ic + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical SO, regarded as an
essential constituent of certain sulphurous compounds; as, <i>thionyl</i>
chloride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi"o*phene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thio-</i> +
<i>ph</i>enyl + <i>-ene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sulphur hydrocarbon,
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>4</sub>S, analogous to furfuran and benzene, and acting
as the base of a large number of substances which closely resemble the
corresponding aromatic derivatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi`o*phen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or derived from, thiophene; specifically, designating a
certain acid analogous to benzoic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi`o*phe"nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thio-</i> +
<i>phenol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless mobile liquid,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.SH, of an offensive odor, and analogous to
phenol; -- called also <i>phenyl sulphydrate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi*oph"thene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviated from
<i>thio</i>na<i>phthene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A double thiophene
nucleus, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>S<sub>2</sub>, analogous to
thionaphthene, and the base of a large series of compounds.</def> [Written
also <i>thiophtene</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Thi`o*sul"phate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of thiosulphuric acid; -- formerly called
<i>hyposulphite</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The sodium salt called in photography by the name <i>sodium
hyposulphite</i>, being used as a solvent for the excess of unchanged
silver chloride, bromide, and iodide on the sensitive plate.</p>

<p><hw>Thi`o*sul*phur"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Thio-</i> +
<i>sulphuric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating,
an unstable acid, H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, analogous to
sulphuric acid, and formerly called <i>hyposulphurous acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi`o*to"lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thio-</i> +
<i>tol</i>u<i>ene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless oily liquid,
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>3</sub>S.CH<sub>3</sub>, analogous to, and resembling,
toluene; -- called also <i>methyl thiophene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thi*ox"ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thio</i>phene +
<i>x</i>yl<i>ene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of three possible
metameric substances, which are dimethyl derivatives of thiophene, like the
xylenes from benzene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Third</hw> (th&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thirde</i>,
AS. <i>&thorn;ridda</i>, fr. <i>&thorn;r&imacr;</i>,
<i>&thorn;re&oacute;</i>, three; akin to D. <i>derde</i> third, G.
<i>dritte</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;ri&eth;i</i>, Goth. <i>&thorn;ridja</i>, L.
<i>tertius</i>, Gr. <grk>tri`tos</grk>, Skr. <i>t&rsdot;t&imacr;ya</i>. See
<u>Three</u>, and cf. <u>Riding</u> a jurisdiction, <u>Tierce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next after the second; coming after two others; --
the ordinal of three; as, the <i>third</i> hour in the day.</def> "The
<i>third</i> night."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of three equal parts
into which anything is divided; as, the <i>third</i> part of a
day.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Third estate</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In England, the
commons, or the commonalty, who are represented in Parliament by the House
of Commons.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In France, the tiers
&eacute;tat.</cd> See <u>Tiers &eacute;tat</u>. <col><b>Third
order</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>an order attached to a monastic
order, and comprising men and women devoted to a rule of pious living,
called the third rule, by a simple vow if they remain seculars, and by more
solemn vows if they become regulars. See <u>Tertiary</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Third person</b></col>
<i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>the person spoken of. See <u>Person</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</cd> -- <col><b>Third sound</b></col>.
<i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>See <u>Third</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Third</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quotient of a unit divided by three; one of three equal parts into which
anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sixtieth part of a second of time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The third tone of the scale; the
mediant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The third part of the
estate of a deceased husband, which, by some local laws, the widow is
entitled to enjoy during her life.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Major third</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an interval of two
tones.</cd> -- <col><b>Minor third</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an interval
of a tone and a half.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Third"-bor`ough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>An under constable.</def>  <i>Shak. Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Third"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<def>The third part of the corn or grain growing on the ground at the
tenant's death, due to the lord for a heriot, as within the manor of Turfat
in Herefordshire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Third"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the third place.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Third"-pen`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A.S. Law)</i>
<def>A third part of the profits of fines and penalties imposed at the
country court, which was among the perquisites enjoyed by the
earl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thirl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Thirled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Thirling</u>.] [See <u>Thrill</u>.] <def>To bore; to drill or thrill.
See <u>Thrill</u>.</def> [Obs. or Prov.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That with a spear was <i>thirled</i> his breast
bone.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thirl"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Thrall</u>.]
<i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The right which the owner of a mill possesses, by
contract or law, to compel the tenants of a certain district, or of his
sucken, to bring all their grain to his mill for grinding.</def>
<i>Erskine.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thirst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thirst</i>,
<i>&thorn;urst</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;urst</i>, <i>&thorn;yrst</i>; akin to D.
<i>dorst</i>, OS. <i>thurst</i>, G. <i>durst</i>, Icel.
<i>&thorn;orsti</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>t&ouml;rst</i>, Goth.
<i>&thorn;a&uacute;rstei</i> thirst, <i>&thorn;a&uacute;rsus</i> dry,
withered, <i>&thorn;a&uacute;rsie&thorn; mik</i> I thirst,
ga<i>&thorn;a&iacute;rsan</i> to wither, L. <i>torrere</i> to parch, Gr.
<grk>te`rsesqai</grk> to become dry, <grk>tesai`nein</grk> to dry up, Skr.
<i>t&rsdot;sh</i> to thirst. &radic;54.  Cf. <u>Torrid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sensation of dryness in the throat associated
with a craving for liquids, produced by deprivation of drink, or by some
other cause (as fear, excitement, etc.) which arrests the secretion of the
pharyngeal mucous membrane; hence, the condition producing this
sensation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore is this that thou hast brought us up out of Egypt,
to kill us, and our children . . . with <i>thirst</i>?</blockquote> <i>Ex.
xvii. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>thirst</i>, with cold, with hunger so
confounded.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A want and eager desire after anything; a
craving or longing; -- usually with <i>for</i>, <i>of</i>, or <i>after</i>;
as, the <i>thirst</i> for gold.</def> "<i>Thirst</i> of worldy good."
<i>Fairfax.</i> "The <i>thirst</i> I had of knowledge." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thirst</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Thirsted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Thirsting</u>.] [AS.
<i>&thorn;yrstan</i>. See <u>Thirst</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel thirst; to experience a painful or uneasy
sensation of the throat or fauces, as for want of drink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people <i>thirsted</i> there for water.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xvii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a vehement desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul <i>thirsteth</i> for . . . the living
God.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xlii. 2.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thirst</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To have a thirst
for.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He seeks his keeper's flesh, and <i>thirsts</i> his
blood.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thirst"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
thirsts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thirst"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a thirsty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thirst"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
thirsty; thirst.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thirs"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The throstle.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Thirst"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Thirstier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Thirstiest</u>.] [AS.
<i>&thorn;urstig</i>. See <u>Thirst</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Feeling thirst; having a painful or distressing
sensation from want of drink; hence, having an eager desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give me, I pray thee, a little water to drink, for I am
<i>thirsty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Judges iv. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deficient in moisture; dry; parched.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A dry and <i>thirsty</i> land, where no water
is.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxiii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When in the sultry glebe I faint,<BR>
Or on the <i>thirsty</i> mountain pant.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thir"teen`</hw> (th&etilde;r"t&emacr;n`), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>threttene</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;re&oacute;t&emacr;ne</i>,
<i>&thorn;re&oacute;tyne</i>. See <u>Three</u>, and <u>Ten</u>, and cf.
<u>Thirty</u>.] <def>One more than twelve; ten and three; as,
<i>thirteen</i> ounces or pounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thir"teen`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
number greater by one than twelve; the sum of ten and three; thirteen units
or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing thirteen units, as 13 or
xiii.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thir"teenth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Thirteen</u>:
cf. AS. <i>&thorn;re&oacute;te&oacute;&eth;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Next in order after the twelfth; the third after the tenth; -- the
ordinal of <i>thirteen</i>; as, the <i>thirteenth</i> day of the
month.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of thirteen equal
parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thir"teenth`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quotient of a unit divided by thirteen; one of thirteen equal parts into
which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The next in order after the twelfth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The interval comprising an octave
and a sixth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thir"ti*eth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Thirty</u>: cf.
AS. <i>&thorn;r&imacr;tig&omacr;&eth;a</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next
in order after the twenty-ninth; the tenth after the twentieth; -- the
ordinal of <i>thirty</i>; as, the <i>thirtieth</i> day of the
month.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or being one of thirty equal parts
into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thir"ti*eth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quotient of a unit
divided by thirty; one of thirty equal parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thir"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thritty</i>, AS.
<i>&thorn;r&imacr;tig</i>, <i>&thorn;rittig</i>; akin to D. <i>dertig</i>,
G. <i>dreissig</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;rj&amacr;t&imacr;u</i>,
<i>&thorn;rj&amacr;tigi</i>, <i>&thorn;rir teger</i>, Goth. <i>&thorn;reis
tigjus</i>, i.e., three tens. See <u>Three</u>, and Ten, and cf.
<u>Thirteen</u>.] <def>Being three times ten; consisting of one more than
twenty-nine; twenty and ten; as, the month of June consists of
<i>thirty</i> days.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1500 !></p>

<p><hw>Thir"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Thirties</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sum of three
tens, or twenty and ten; thirty units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol expressing thirty, as 30, or
XXX.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thir"ty-sec`ond</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being one of
thirty-two equal parts into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thirty-second note</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the thirty-
second part of a whole note; a demi-semiquaver.</cd></p>

<p><hw>This</hw> (&thlig;&ibreve;s), <pos><i>pron. &amp; a.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>These</b></plw> (&thlig;&emacr;z). [OE. <i>this</i>,
<i>thes</i>, AS. <i>&eth;&emacr;s</i>, masc., <i>&eth;e&oacute;s</i>, fem.,
<i>&eth;is</i>, neut.; akin to OS. <i>these</i>, D. <i>deze</i>, G.
<i>dieser</i>, OHG. <i>diser</i>, <i>deser</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;essi</i>;
originally from the definite article + a particle <i>-se</i>, <i>-si</i>;
cf. Goth. <i>sai</i> behold. See <u>The</u>, <u>That</u>, and cf.
<u>These</u>, <u>Those</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>As a demonstrative
pronoun, <i>this</i> denotes something that is present or near in place or
time, or something just mentioned, or that is just about to be
mentioned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When they heard <i>this</i>, they were pricked in their
heart.</blockquote> <i>Acts ii. 37.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But know <i>this</i>, that if the good man of the house had
known in what watch the thief would come, he would have
watched.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxiv. 43.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As an adjective, <i>this</i> has the same
demonstrative force as the pronoun, but is followed by a noun; as,
<i>this</i> book; <i>this</i> way to town.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>This</i> may be used as opposed or correlative to <i>that</i>,
and sometimes as opposed to <i>other</i> or to a second <i>this</i>. See
the Note under <u>That</u>, 1.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>This</i> way and <i>that</i> wavering sails they
bend.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A body of <i>this</i> or <i>that</i> denomination is
produced.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their judgment in <i>this</i> we may not, and in <i>that</i>
we need not, follow.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Consider the arguments which the author had to write
<i>this</i>, or to design the <i>other</i>, before you arraign
him.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy crimes . . . soon by <i>this</i> or <i>this</i> will
end.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>This</i>, like <i>a</i>, <i>every</i>, <i>that</i>, etc., may
refer to a number, as of years, persons, etc., taken collectively or as a
whole.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>This</i> twenty years have I been with
thee..</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxi. 38.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not wept <i>this</i> years; but now<BR>
My mother comes afresh into my eyes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>This"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thistil</i>, AS.
<i>&thorn;istel</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>distel</i>, OHG. <i>distila</i>,
<i>distil</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;istill</i>, Sw. <i>tistel</i>, Dan.
<i>tidsel</i>; of uncertain origin.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of several
prickly composite plants, especially those of the genera <i>Cnicus</i>,
<i>Craduus</i>, and <i>Onopordon</i>. The name is often also applied to
other prickly plants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Blessed thistle</b></col>, <cd><i>Carduus benedictus</i>, so
named because it was formerly considered an antidote to the bite of
venomous creatures.</cd> -- <col><b>Bull thistle</b></col>, <cd><i>Cnicus
lanceolatus</i>, the common large thistle of neglected pastures.</cd> --
<col><b>Canada thistle</b></col>, <cd><i>Cnicus arvensis</i>, a native of
Europe, but introduced into the United States from Canada.</cd> --
<col><b>Cotton thistle</b></col>, <cd><i>Onopordon Acanthium</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Fuller's thistle</b></col>, <cd>the teasel.</cd> -- <col><b>Globe
thistle</b></col>, <col><b>Melon thistle</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under
<u>Globe</u>, <u>Melon</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Pine thistle</b></col>,
<cd><i>Atractylis gummifera</i>, a native of the Mediterranean region. A
vicid gum resin flows from the involucre.</cd> -- <col><b>Scotch
thistle</b></col>, <cd>either the cotton thistle, or the musk thistle, or
the spear thistle; -- all used national emblems of Scotland.</cd> --
<col><b>Sow thistle</b></col>, <cd><i>Sonchus oleraceus</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Spear thistle</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Bull thistle</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Star thistle</b></col>, <cd>a species of <i>Centaurea</i>. See
<u>Centaurea</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Torch thistle</b></col>, <cd>a
candelabra-shaped plant of the genus Cereus. See <u>Cereus</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Yellow thistle</b></col>, <cd><i>Cincus horridulus</i>.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Thistle bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the American
goldfinch, or yellow-bird (<i>Spinus tristis</i>); -- so called on account
of its feeding on the seeds of thistles. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Goldfinch</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Thistle butterfly</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a handsomely colored American butterfly
(<i>Vanessa cardui</i>) whose larva feeds upon thistles; -- called also
<i>painted lady</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Thistle cock</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the corn bunting (<i>Emberiza militaria</i>).</cd>
[Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Thistle crown</b></col>, <cd>a gold coin of England
of the reign of James I., worth four shillings.</cd> -- <col><b>Thistle
finch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the goldfinch; -- so called from
its fondness for thistle seeds.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Thistle
funnel</b></col>, <cd>a funnel having a bulging body and flaring
mouth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>This"tly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Overgrown with thistles; as, <i>thistly</i> ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Resembling a thistle or thistles; sharp;
pricking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In such a world, so thorny, and where none<BR>
Finds happiness unblighted, or, if found,<BR>
Without some <i>thistly</i> sorrow at its side.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thith"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thider</i>, AS.
<i>&eth;ider</i>; akin to E. <i>that</i>; cf. Icel. <i>&thorn;a&eth;ra</i>
there, Goth. <i>&thorn;a&thorn;r&omacr;</i> thence. See <u>That</u>, and
<u>The</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To that place; -- opposed to
<i>hither</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This city is near; . . . O, let me escape
<i>thither</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xix. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where I am, <i>thither</i> ye can not come.</blockquote>
<i>John vii. 34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To that point, end, or result; as, the argument
tended <i>thither</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hither and thither</b></col>, <cd>to this place and to that; one
way and another.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- There.  <u>Thither</u>, <u>There</u>. <i>Thither</i>
properly denotes motion toward a place; <i>there</i> denotes rest in a
place; as, I am going <i>thither</i>, and shall meet you <i>there</i>. But
<i>thither</i> has now become obsolete, except in poetry, or a style
purposely conformed to the past, and <i>there</i> is now used in both
senses; as, I shall go <i>there</i> to-morrow; we shall go <i>there</i>
together.</p>

<p><hw>Thith"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being on the farther side from the person speaking; farther; -- a
correlative of <i>hither</i>; as, on the <i>thither</i> side of the
water.</def>  <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Applied to time: On the thither side of, older
than; of more years than. See <u>Hither</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def>
<i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thith"er*to`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To that point; so
far.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Thith"er*ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To ward that
place; in that direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall ask the way to Zion, with their faces
<i>thitherward</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. l. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thit"see</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>theesee</i>, and <i>thietsie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The varnish tree of Burmah (<i>Melanorrh&oelig;a
usitatissima</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A black varnish obtained from the
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Thlip"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
pressure, fr. &?; to press.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Compression, especially
constriction of vessels by an external cause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tho</hw> (&thlig;&omacr;), <pos><i>def. art.</i></pos>
<def>The.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tho</hw>, <pos><i>pron. pl.</i></pos> <def>Those.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This knowen <i>tho</i> that be to wives bound.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tho</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&thorn;&amacr;</i>.]
<def>Then.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To do obsequies as was <i>tho</i> the guise.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tho</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Though.</def> [Reformed
spelling.]</p>

<p><hw>Thole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>thowel</i>,
and <i>thowl</i>.] [OE. <i>thol</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;ol</i>; akin to D.
<i>dol</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;ollr</i> a fir tree, a young fir, a tree, a
thole.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wooden or metal pin, set in the gunwale
of a boat, to serve as a fulcrum for the oar in rowing.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The pin, or handle, of a scythe snath.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thole pin</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Thole</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thole</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tholed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tholing</u>.] [OE.
<i>&thorn;olen</i>, <i>&thorn;olien</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;olian</i>; akin to
OS. <i>thol&omacr;n</i>, OHG. <i>dol&emacr;n</i>, G. ge<i>duld</i>
patience, <i>dulden</i> to endure, Icel. <i>&thorn;ola</i>, Sw.
<i>t&aring;la</i>, Dan. <i>taale</i>, Goth. <i>&thorn;ulan</i>, L.
<i>tolerate</i>, <i>tulisse</i>, to endure, bear, <i>tollere</i> to lift,
bear, Gr. &?; to bear, Skr. <i>tul</i> to lift. &radic;55.  Cf.
<u>Tolerate</u>.] <def>To bear; to endure; to undergo.</def> [Obs. or
Scot.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So much woe as I have with you <i>tholed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>thole</i> the winter's steely dribble.</blockquote>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thole</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wait.</def> [Prov. Eng.
& Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tho*m&aelig;"an</hw>, <hw>Tho*me"an</hw>} (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A member of the ancient
church of Christians established on the Malabar coast of India, which some
suppose to have been originally founded by the Apostle Thomas.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tho"mism</hw> (?), <hw>Tho"ma*ism</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>The doctrine of Thomas Aquinas, esp. with respect
to predestination and grace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tho"mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A
follower of Thomas Aquinas. See <u>Scotist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tho"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A
Thom&aelig;an.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thom"sen*o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Dr. J.
<i>Thomsen</i> of Copenhagen. See <u>-lite</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
fluoride of aluminium, calcium, and sodium occurring with the cryolite of
Greenland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thom"sen's dis*ease"</hw> (?). [From <i>Thomsen</i>, a physician of
Sleswick.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An affection apparently congenital,
consisting in tonic contraction and stiffness of the voluntary muscles
occurring after a period of muscular inaction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thom*so"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to Thomsonianism.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
believer in Thomsonianism; one who practices Thomsonianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thom*so"ni*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An empirical system which assumes that the human body is composed of
four elements, earth, air, fire, and water, and that vegetable medicines
alone should be used; -- from the founder, Dr. Samuel <i>Thomson</i>, of
Massachusetts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thom"son*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From R. D.
<i>Thomson</i>, of Glasgow.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A zeolitic mineral,
occurring generally in masses of a radiated structure. It is a hydrous
silicate of aluminia, lime, and soda. Called also <i>mesole</i>, and
<i>comptonite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thong</i>,
<i>&thorn;wong</i>, <i>thwang</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;wang</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>&thorn;vengr</i> a thong, latchet. &radic;57.  Cf. <u>Twinge</u>.]
<def>A strap of leather; especially, one used for fastening
anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And nails for loosened spears, and <i>thongs</i> for
shields, provide.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Thong seal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the bearded seal.
See the Note under <u>Seal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tho"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, the jacal +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a group of
carnivores, including the wovels and the dogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>&thorn;&omacr;rs</i>.
Cf. <u>Thursday</u>.] <i>(Scand. Myth.)</i> <def>The god of thunder, and
son of Odin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tho`ra*cen*te"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
thorax + &?; pricking, from &?; to prick, stab.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The
operation of puncturing the chest wall so as to let out liquids contained
in the cavity of the chest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tho*rac"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>thoracique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the thorax, or
chest.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thoracic duct</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the great trunk of
the lymphatic vessels, situated on the ventral side of the vertebral column
in the thorax and abdomen. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Lacteal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tho*rac"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>thoracique</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a group of fishes having the ventral fins
placed beneath the thorax or beneath the pectorial fins.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tho*rac"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of cirripeds including those which have
six thoracic segments, usually bearing six pairs of cirri. The common
barnacles are examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tho`ra*com"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Stethometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tho`ra*co*plas"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thorax</i> +
<i>plasty</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A remodeling or reshaping of the thorax;
especially, the operation of removing the ribs, so as to obliterate the
pleural cavity in cases of empyema.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tho`ra*cos"tra*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Thorax</u>, and <u>Ostracoid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive division of Crustacea, having a
dorsal shield or carapec&?; &?;&?;niting all, or nearly all, of the
thoracic somites to the head. It includes the crabs, lobsters, shrimps, and
similar species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tho`ra*cot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, thorax
+ &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of opening the pleural
cavity by incision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tho"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>torus</i> a couch,
bed.] <def>Of or pertaining to a bed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tho"rax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The part of the trunk between the
neck and the abdomen, containing that part of the body cavity the walls of
which are supported by the dorsal vertebr&aelig;, the ribs, and the
sternum, and which the heart and lungs are situated; the chest.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In mammals the thoracic cavity is completely separated from the
abdominal by the diaphragm, but in birds and many reptiles the separation
is incomplete, while in other reptiles, and in amphibians and fishes, there
is no marked separation and no true thorax.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
middle region of the body of an insect, or that region which bears the legs
and wings. It is composed of three united somites, each of which is
composed of several distinct parts. See <i>Illust.</i> in Appendix. and
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Coleoptera</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
second, or middle, region of the body of a crustacean, arachnid, or other
articulate animal. In the case of decapod Crustacea, some writers include
under the term <i>thorax</i> only the three segments bearing the
maxillipeds; others include also the five segments bearing the legs. See
<i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A breastplate, cuirass, or
corselet; especially, the breastplate worn by the ancient Greeks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tho"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Thorite</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare white earthy substance, consisting of the oxide
of thorium; -- formerly called also <i>thorina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to thorium; designating the compounds of thorium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tho"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called by Berzelius from
the Scandinavian god <i>Thor</i>. See <u>Thor</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral of a brown to black color, or, as in the variety <i>orangite</i>,
orange-yellow. It is essentially a silicate of thorium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tho"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Thorite</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A metallic element found in certain rare minerals, as
thorite, pyrochlore, monazite, etc., and isolated as an infusible gray
metallic powder which burns in the air and forms thoria; -- formerly called
also <i>thorinum</i>. Symbol Th. Atomic weight 232.0.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thorn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&thorn;orn</i>; akin to
OS. &amp; OFries. <i>thorn</i>, D. <i>doorn</i>, G. <i>dorn</i>, Dan.
<i>torn</i>, Sw. <i>t&ouml;rne</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;orn</i>, Goth.
<i>&thorn;a&uacute;rnus</i>; cf. Pol. <i>tarn</i>, Russ. <i>tern'</i> the
blackthorn, <i>ternie</i> thorns, Skr. <i>t&rsdot;&nsdot;a</i> grass, blade
of grass. &radic;53.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hard and sharp-pointed
projection from a woody stem; usually, a branch so transformed; a
spine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any shrub or small tree which
bears thorns; especially, any species of the genus Crat&aelig;gus, as the
haw<i>thorn</i>, white<i>thorn</i>, cockspur <i>thorn</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which pricks or annoys as a thorn;
anything troublesome; trouble; care.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was given to me a <i>thorn</i> in the flesh, the
messenger of Satan to buffet me.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. xii. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The guilt of empire, all its <i>thorns</i> and cares,<BR>
Be only mine.</blockquote> <i>Southern.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The name of the Anglo-Saxon letter &?;, capital
form &?;. It was used to represent both of the sounds of English <i>th</i>,
as in <i>thin</i>, <i>then</i>. So called because it was the initial letter
of <i>thorn</i>, a spine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thorn apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>Jamestown weed.</cd> --
<col><b>Thorn broom</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrub that produces
thorns.</cd> -- <col><b>Thorn hedge</b></col>, <cd>a hedge of thorn-bearing
trees or bushes.</cd> -- <col><b>Thorn devil</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Moloch</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Thorn hopper</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tree hopper (<i>Thelia crat&aelig;gi</i>) which
lives on the thorn bush, apple tree, and allied trees.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thorn</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prick, as with a
thorn.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am the only rose of all the stock<BR>
That never <i>thorn'd</i> him.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thorn"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European skate (<i>Raia clavata</i>) having
thornlike spines on its back.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The large European spider
crab or king crab (<i>Maia squinado</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Thorn"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of small, brilliantly colored American
birds of the genus <i>Rhamphomicron</i>. They have a long, slender, sharp
bill, and feed upon honey, insects, and the juice of the sugar
cane.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1501 !></p>

<p><hw>Thorn"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small South American bird (<i>Anumbius anumbii</i>) allied to the
ovenbirds of the genus <i>Furnarius</i>). It builds a very large and
complex nest of twigs and thorns in a bush or tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thorn"but</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thorn</i> + <i>-but</i>
as in <i>halibut</i>; cf. G. <i>dornbutt</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
turbot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thorn"-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a head
armed with thorns or spines.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thorn-headed worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any worm of
the order Acanthocephala; -- called also <i>thornhead</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thorn"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of, or free
from, thorns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thorn"set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Set with
thorns.</def>  <i>Dyer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thorn"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A beautiful South American humming bird (<i>Gouldia Popelairii</i>),
having the six outer tail feathers long, slender, and pointed. The head is
ornamented with a long, pointed crest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thorn"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Thornier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Thorniest</u>.] [Cf. AS.
<i>&thorn;orniht</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of thorns or spines;
rough with thorns; spiny; as, a <i>thorny</i> wood; a <i>thorny</i> tree; a
<i>thorny</i> crown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a thorn or thorns; hence, figuratively,
troublesome; vexatious; harassing; perplexing.</def> "The <i>thorny</i>
point of bare distress."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The steep and <i>thorny</i> way to heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Thorny rest-harrow</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>rest-
harrow.</cd> -- <col><b>Thorny trefoil</b></col>, <cd>a prickly plant of
the genus <i>Fagonia</i> (<i>F. Cretica</i>, etc.).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thor"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thorough.</def> [Reformed
spelling.]</p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [See <u>Through</u>.]
<def>Through.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser. Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Passing
through; as, <i>thorough</i> lights in a house.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Passing through or to the end; hence, complete;
perfect; as, a <i>thorough</i> reformation; <i>thorough</i> work; a
<i>thorough</i> translator; a <i>thorough</i> poet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Thoroughly.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Through.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A furrow between two
ridges, to drain off the surface water.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough bass`</hw> (?). <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The representation of
chords by figures placed under the base; figured bass; basso continuo; --
sometimes used as synonymous with <i>harmony</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough-brace`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A leather strap
supporting the body of a carriage, and attached to springs, or serving as a
spring. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Chaise</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough*bred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bred from the
best blood through a long line; pure-blooded; -- said of stock, as horses.
Hence, having the characteristics of such breeding; mettlesome; courageous;
of elegant form, or the like.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
thoroughbred animal, especially a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough*fare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&thorn;urhfaru</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A passage through; a
passage from one street or opening to another; an unobstructed way open to
the public; a public road; hence, a frequented street.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A large and splendid <i>thoroughfare</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A passing or going through; passage.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[Made] Hell and this world -- one realm, one continent<BR>
Of easy <i>thoroughfare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough*go`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Going through, or to the end or bottom; very thorough;
complete.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Going all lengths; extreme; thoroughplaced; --
less common in this sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough-light`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Provided with thorough lights or windows at opposite sides, as a room
or building.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a thorough manner;
fully; entirely; completely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being thorough; completeness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough*paced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Perfect in what
is undertaken; complete; going all lengths; as, a <i>thoroughplaced</i>
Tory or Whig.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If she be a <i>thoroughplaced</i> impostor.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough*pin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
disease of the hock (sometimes of the knee) of a horse, caused by
inflammation of the synovial membrane and a consequent excessive secretion
of the synovial fluid; -- probably so called because there is usually an
oval swelling on each side of the leg, appearing somewhat as if a pin had
been thrust through.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough*sped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fully
accomplished; thoroughplaced.</def> [R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough*stitch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to go
the whole length of any business; fully; completely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Preservance alone can carry us
<i>thoroughstitch</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough*wax`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An umbelliferous plant (<i>Bupleurum
rotundifolium</i>) with perfoliate leaves.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Thoroughwort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ough*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Boneset</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ow</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Through.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Thorow</i> bramble, pits, and floods."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thor"ow</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thorough.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Thorp</hw>, <hw>Thorpe</hw>} (th&ocirc;rp), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>&thorn;orp</i>; akin to OS. &amp; OFries. <i>thorp</i>, D. <i>dorp</i>,
G. <i>dorf</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;orp</i>, Dan. <i>torp</i>, Sw. <i>torp</i>
a cottage, a little farm, Goth. <i>&thorn;a&uacute;rp</i> a field, and
probably to Lith. <i>troba</i> a building, a house, W. <i>tref</i> a
hamlet, Ir. <i>treabh</i> a farmed village, a tribe, clan, Gael.
<i>treabhair</i> houses, and perhaps to L. <i>turba</i> a crowd, mult.  Cf.
<u>Dorp</u>.] <def>A group of houses in the country; a small village; a
hamlet; a dorp; -- now chiefly occurring in names of places and persons;
as, Al<i>thorp</i>, Mable<i>thorpe</i>.</def> "Within a little <i>thorp</i>
I staid."  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>thorpe</i> and byre arose in fire.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Those</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&thorn;os</i>,
<i>&thorn;as</i>, AS. <i>&eth;&amacr;s</i>, nom. and acc. pl. of
<i>&eth;&emacr;s</i> this. See <u>This</u>, and cf. <u>These</u>.] <def>The
plural of <i>that</i>. See <u>That</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Thoth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Myth.)</i> <def>The god of eloquence and letters among the ancient
Egyptians, and supposed to be the inventor of writing and philosophy. He
corresponded to the <i>Mercury</i> of the Romans, and was usually
represented as a human figure with the head of an ibis or a lamb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Egyptian sacred
baboon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thou</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Sing.:
nom.</i></pos> <u>Thou</u>; <pos><i>poss.</i></pos> <u>Thy</u> (?) or
<u>Thine</u> (&?;); <pos><i>obj.</i></pos> <u>Thee</u> (?).
<pos><i>Pl.</i></pos>: <pos><i>nom.</i></pos> <u>You</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>poss.</i></pos> <u>Your</u> (?) or <u>Yours</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>obj.</i></pos> <u>You</u>.] [OE. <i>thou</i>, <i>&thorn;u</i>, AS.
<i>&eth;&umacr;</i>, <i>&eth;u</i>; akin to OS. &amp; OFries. <i>thu</i>, G.,
Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>du</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;&umacr;</i>, Goth. <i>&thorn;u</i>,
Russ. <i>tui</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>tu</i>, W. <i>ti</i>, L. <i>tu</i>, Gr.
<grk>sy`</grk>, Dor. <i><grk>ty`</grk></i>, <i>Skr</i>. <i>tvam</i>.
&radic;185.  Cf. <u>Thee</u>, <u>Thine</u>, <u>Te Deum</u>.] <def>The
second personal pronoun, in the singular number, denoting the person
addressed; thyself; the pronoun which is used in addressing persons in the
solemn or poetical style.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Art <i>thou</i> he that should come?</blockquote> <i>Matt.
xi. 3.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "In Old English, generally, <i>thou</i> is the language of a lord
to a servant, of an equal to an equal, and expresses also companionship,
love, permission, defiance, scorn, threatening: whilst <i>ye</i> is the
language of a servant to a lord, and of compliment, and further expresses
honor, submission, or entreaty."  <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Thou</i> is now sometimes used by the Friends, or Quakers, in
familiar discourse, though most of them corruptly say <i>thee</i> instead
of <i>thou</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Thou</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To address as <i>thou</i>,
esp. to do so in order to treat with insolent familiarity or
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou <i>thouest</i> him some thrice, it shall not be
amiss.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thou</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use the words <i>thou</i>
and <i>thee</i> in discourse after the manner of the Friends.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Though</hw> (&thlig;&omacr;), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>thogh</i>, <i>&thorn;ah</i>, AS. <i>&eth;e&aacute;h</i>,
<i>&eth;&aemacr;h</i>, <i>&eth;&emacr;h</i>; akin to OS. <i>th&omacr;h</i>,
OFries. <i>thach</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>doch</i> but, yet, OHG. <i>doh</i> but,
yet though, Icel. <i>&thorn;&omacr;</i> yet, nevertheless, Sw. <i>dock</i>,
Dan. <i>dog</i>, Goth. <i>&thorn;&aacute;uh</i>, <i>&thorn;&aacute;u</i>,
than, or, yet; of uncertain origin. &radic;184.] <def>Granting, admitting,
or supposing that; notwithstanding that; if.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Though</i> he slay me, yet will I trust in
him.</blockquote> <i>Job xiii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not that I so affirm, <i>though</i> so it seem.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; It is compounded with <i>all</i> in <i>although</i>. See
<u>Although</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>As though</b></col>, <cd>as if.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>In the vine were three branches; and it was <i>as though</i>
it budded.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xl. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Though</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>However; nevertheless;
notwithstanding; -- used in familiar language, and in the middle or at the
end of a sentence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would not be as sick <i>though</i> for his
place.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A good cause would do well, <i>though</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thought</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Think</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thought</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&thorn;oght</i>,
<i>&thorn;ouht</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;&omacr;ht</i>, ge<i>&thorn;&omacr;ht</i>,
fr. <i>&thorn;encean</i> to think; akin to D. ge<i>dachte</i> thought, MHG.
<i>d&amacr;ht</i>, ge<i>d&amacr;ht</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;&omacr;ttr</i>,
<i>&thorn;&omacr;tti</i>. See <u>Think</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of thinking; the exercise of the mind in any of its higher forms;
reflection; cogitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Thought</i> can not be superadded to matter, so as in any
sense to render it true that matter can become cogitative.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Meditation; serious consideration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pride, of all others the most dangerous fault,<BR>
Proceeds from want of sense or want of <i>thought</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is thought; an idea; a mental
conception, whether an opinion, judgment, fancy, purpose, or
intention.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus Bethel spoke, who always speaks his
<i>thought</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why do you keep alone, . . . <BR>
Using those <i>thoughts</i> which should indeed have died<BR>
With them they think on?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Thoughts</i> come crowding in so fast upon me, that my
only difficulty is to choose or to reject.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All their <i>thoughts</i> are against me for
evil.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lvi. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Solicitude; anxious care; concern.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hawis was put in trouble, and died with <i>thought</i> and
anguish before his business came to an end.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Take no <i>thought</i> for your life, what ye shall eat, or
what ye shall drink.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vi. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A small degree or quantity; a trifle; as, a
<i>thought</i> longer; a <i>thought</i> better.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If the hair were a <i>thought</i> browner.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Thought</i>, in philosophical usage now somewhat current,
denotes the capacity for, or the exercise of, the very highest intellectual
functions, especially those usually comprehended under judgment.</p>

<p><blockquote>This [faculty], to which I gave the name of the "elaborative
faculty," -- the faculty of relations or comparison, -- constitutes what is
properly denominated <i>thought</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Idea; conception; imagination; fancy; conceit; notion;
supposition; reflection; consideration; meditation; contemplation;
cogitation; deliberation.</p>

<p><hw>Thought"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of thought; employed in meditation; contemplative; as, a man of
<i>thoughtful</i> mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>War, horrid war, your <i>thoughtful</i> walks
invades.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attentive; careful; exercising the judgment;
having the mind directed to an object; as, <i>thoughtful</i> of gain;
<i>thoughtful</i> in seeking truth.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anxious; solicitous; concerned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Around her crowd distrust, and doubt, and fear,<BR>
And <i>thoughtful</i> foresight, and tormenting care.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Considerate; deliberate; contemplative; attentive;
careful; wary; circumspect; reflective; discreet.  -- <u>Thoughtful</u>,
<u>Considerate</u>. He who is habitually <i>thoughtful</i> rarely neglects
his duty or his true interest; he who is <i>considerate</i> pauses to
reflect and guard himself against error. One who is not <i>thoughtful</i>
by nature, if he can be made <i>considerate</i>, will usually be guarded
against serious mistakes. "He who is <i>thoughtful</i> does not forget his
duty; he who is <i>considerate</i> pauses, and <i>considers</i> properly
what is his duty. It is a recommendation to a subordinate person to be
<i>thoughtful</i> in doing what is wished of him; it is the recommendation
of a confidential person to be <i>considerate</i>, as he has often to judge
according to his own discretion.  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Thought"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Thought"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Thought"less</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Lacking thought; careless; inconsiderate; rash; as, a
<i>thoughtless</i> person, or act.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Giddy; gay; dissipated.</def> [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Deficient in reasoning power; stupid;
dull.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Thoughtless</i> as monarch oaks that shade the
plain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Thought"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Thought"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Thou"sand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&thorn;ousend</i>,
<i>&thorn;usend</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;&umacr;send</i>; akin to OS.
<i>th&umacr;sundig</i>, <i>th&umacr;sind</i>, OFries. <i>thusend</i>, D.
<i>duizend</i>, G. <i>tausend</i>, OHG. <i>t&umacr;sunt</i>,
<i>d&umacr;sunt</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;&umacr;sund</i>,
<i>&thorn;&umacr;shund</i>, Sw. <i>tusen</i>, <i>Dan</i>. <i>tusind</i>,
Goth. <i>&thorn;&umacr;sundi</i>, Lith. <i>tukstantis</i>, Russ.
<i>tuisiacha</i>; of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The number
of ten hundred; a collection or sum consisting of ten times one hundred
units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, indefinitely, a great number.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>thousand</i> shall fall at thy side, and ten
<i>thousand</i> at thy right hand.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xci. 7.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>thousand</i> often takes a plural form. See the Note
under <u>Hundred</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing one thousand units; as,
1,000, M or CI&Crev;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thou"sand</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of ten hundred; being ten times one hundred.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, consisting of a great number
indefinitely.</def> "Perplexed with a <i>thousand</i> cares."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thou"sand*fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Multiplied by a
thousand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thou"sand legs`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A millepid, or
galleyworm; -- called also <i>thousand-legged worm</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thou"sandth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Next in order after nine hundred and ninty-nine; coming last of a
thousand successive individuals or units; -- the ordinal of
<i>thousand</i>; as, the <i>thousandth</i> part of a thing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting, or being one of, a thousand equal
parts into which anything is divided; the tenth of a hundredth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Occurring as being one of, or the last one of, a
very great number; very small; minute; -- used hyperbolically; as, to do a
thing for the <i>thousandth</i> time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thou"sandth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quotient of a unit
divided by a thousand; one of a thousand equal parts into which a unit is
divided.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Thow"el</hw> (?), <hw>Thowl</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Thole</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A thole pin.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A rowlock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would sit impatiently thinking with what an unusual amount
of noise the oars worked in the <i>thowels</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thra"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Thrace, or its people.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A native or
inhabitant of Thrace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrack</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To load or burden; as,
to <i>thrack</i> a man with property.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrack"scat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Metal still in the
mine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Thral"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>&?;r&aelig;ld&omacr;mr</i>. See <u>Thrall</u>, and <u>-dom</u>.]
<def>The condition of a thrall; slavery; bondage; state of servitude.</def>
[Written also <i>thralldom</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Women are born to <i>thraldom</i> and penance<BR>
And to be under man's governance.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall rule, and she in <i>thraldom</i> live.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thral</i>,
<i>&thorn;ral</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;r&aelig;ll</i>, perhaps through AS.
<i>&thorn;r&aemacr;l</i>; akin to Sw. <i>tr&auml;l</i>, Dan.
<i>tr&aelig;l</i>, and probably to AS. <i>&thorn;r&aelig;gian</i> to run,
Goth. <i>&thorn;ragjan</i>, Gr. <grk>tre`chein</grk>; cf. OHG.
<i>dregil</i>, <i>drigil</i>, a servant.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slave;
a bondman.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gurth, the born <i>thrall</i> of Cedric.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Slavery; bondage; servitude; thraldom.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He still in <i>thrall</i><BR>
Of all-subdoing sleep.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shelf; a stand for barrels, etc.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Thrall</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a thrall;
in the condition of a thrall; bond; enslaved.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fiend that would make you <i>thrall</i> and
bond.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrall</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To enslave.</def> [Obs. or
Poetic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrall"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Thraldom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrall"-less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Having no thralls.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not enslaved; not
subject to bonds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrall"-like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
thrall, or his condition, feelings, or the like; slavish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Servile and <i>thrall-like</i> fear.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thra"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, from &?; a bench,
form, especially the topmost of the three benches in a trireme.] <i>(Gr.
Antiq.)</i> <def>One of the rowers on the topmost of the three benches in a
trireme.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrap"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>thropple</i>,
corrupted fr. <i>throttle</i>.] <def>Windpipe; throttle.</def> [Prov. Eng.
& Scot.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Thrash</hw> (?), <hw>Thresh</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Thrashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Thrashing</u>.] [OE. <i>&thorn;reschen</i>,
<i>&thorn;reshen</i>, to beat, AS. <i>&thorn;erscan</i>,
<i>&thorn;rescan</i>; akin to D. <i>dorschen</i>, OD. <i>derschen</i>, G.
<i>dreschen</i>, OHG. <i>dreskan</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;reskja</i>, Sw.
<i>tr&ouml;ska</i>, Dan. <i>t&aelig;rske</i>, Goth. <i>&thorn;riskan</i>,
Lith. <i>traszketi</i> to rattle, Russ. <i>treskate</i> to burst, crackle,
<i>tresk'</i> a crash, OSlav. <i>troska</i> a stroke of lighting.  Cf.
<u>Thresh</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To beat out grain from, as straw or
husks; to beat the straw or husk of (grain) with a flail; to beat off, as
the kernels of grain; as, to <i>thrash</i> wheat, rye, or oats; to
<i>thrash</i> over the old straw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wheat was reaped, <i>thrashed</i>, and winnowed by
machines.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat soundly, as with a stick or whip; to
drub.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Thrash</hw>, <hw>Thresh</hw>}, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To practice thrashing grain or the like; to perform
the business of beating grain from straw; as, a man who <i>thrashes</i>
well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to labor; to toil; also, to move
violently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I rather would be M&aelig;vius, <i>thrash</i> for
rhymes,<BR>
Like his, the scorn and scandal of the times.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrash"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument to
thrash with; a flail.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Thrash"er</hw> (?), <hw>Thresh"er</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, thrashes grain; a thrashing
machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large and voracious shark
(<i>Alopias vulpes</i>), remarkable for the great length of the upper lobe
of its tail, with which it beats, or thrashes, its prey. It is found both
upon the American and the European coasts. Called also <i>fox shark</i>,
<i>sea ape</i>, <i>sea fox</i>, <i>slasher</i>, <i>swingle-tail</i>, and
<i>thrasher shark</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A name given to the brown
thrush and other allied species. See <u>Brown thrush</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sage thrasher</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Sage</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Thrasher whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the common killer of the Atlantic.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1502 !></p>

<p><hw>Thrash"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Thrash</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Thrashing floor</b></col>, <col><b>Threshing-floor</b></col>, or
<col><b>Threshing floor</b></col>, <cd>a floor or area on which grain is
beaten out.</cd> -- <col><b>Thrashing machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine for
separating grain from the straw.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thra*son"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>Thrso</i>,
the name of a braggart soldier in Terence's "Eunuch:" cf. L.
<i>Thrasonianus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Thraso; like, or becoming
to, Thraso; bragging; boastful; vainglorious.</def> --
<wf>Thra*son"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>C&aelig;sar's <i>thrasonical</i> brag of 'I came, saw, and
overcame.'</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thraste</hw> (thr&auml;st), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Thraste</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Thrast</u>.] <def>To thrust.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrave</hw> (thr&amacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>&thorn;rave</i>, <i>&thorn;reve</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;refi</i>; akin to
Dan. <i>trave</i>; cf. Icel. <i>&thorn;r&imacr;fa</i> to grasp.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Twenty-four (in some places, twelve) sheaves of
wheat; a shock, or stook.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The number of two dozen; also, an indefinite
number; a bunch; a company; a throng.</def> "The worst of a <i>thrave</i>."
[Obs.]  <i>Landsdowne MS.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He sends forth <i>thraves</i> of ballads to the
sale.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thraw</hw> (thr&add;), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Throse</u>.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thread</hw> (thr&ebreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>threed</i>,
<i>&thorn;red</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;r&aemacr;d</i>; akin to D. <i>draad</i>,
G. <i>draht</i> wire, thread, OHG. <i>dr&amacr;t</i>, Icel.
<i>&thorn;r&amacr;&eth;r</i> a thread, Sw. <i>tr&aring;d</i>, Dan.
<i>traad</i>, and AS. <i>&thorn;r&amacr;wan</i> to twist. See <u>Throw</u>,
and cf. <u>Third</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A very small twist of flax,
wool, cotton, silk, or other fibrous substance, drawn out to considerable
length; a compound cord consisting of two or more single yarns doubled, or
joined together, and twisted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A filament, as of a flower, or of any fibrous
substance, as of bark; also, a line of gold or silver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The prominent part of the spiral of a screw or
nut; the rib. See <u>Screw</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Something continued in a long course or
tenor; a,s the <i>thread</i> of life, or of a discourse.</def>  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Composition; quality; fineness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A neat courtier,<BR>
Of a most elegant <i>thread</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Air thread</b></col>, <cd>the fine white filaments which are
seen floating in the air in summer, the production of spiders;
gossamer.</cd> -- <col><b>Thread and thrum</b></col>, <cd>the good and bad
together.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Thread cell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a lasso cell. See under <u>Lasso</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Thread herring</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the gizzard shad.
See under <u>Gizzard</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Thread lace</b></col>, <cd>lace
made of linen thread.</cd> -- <col><b>Thread needle</b></col>, <cd>a game
in which children stand in a row, joining hands, and in which the outer
one, still holding his neighbor, runs between the others; -- called also
<i>thread the needle</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thread</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Threaded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Threading</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass a thread through the eye of; as, to
<i>thread</i> a needle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass or pierce through as a narrow way; also,
to effect or make, as one's way, through or between obstacles; to
thrid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heavy trading ships . . . <i>threading</i> the
Bosphorus.</blockquote> <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They would not <i>thread</i> the gates.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form a thread, or spiral rib, on or in; as,
to <i>thread</i> a screw or nut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thread"bare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Worn to the naked thread; having the nap worn off; <i>threadbare</i>
clothes.</def> "A <i>threadbare</i> cope."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Worn out; as, a <i>threadbare</i> subject;
stale topics and <i>threadbare</i> quotations.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thread"bare`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
threadbare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thread"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of thread; as,
<i>threaden</i> sails; a <i>threaden</i> fillet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thread"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
device for assisting in threading a needle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tool or machine for forming a thread on a
screw or in a nut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thread"fin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of fishes belonging to <i>Polynemus</i> and
allied genera. They have numerous long pectoral filaments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thread"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The cutlass fish.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
carangoid fish (<i>Caranx gallus</i>, or <i>C. crinitus</i>) having the
anterior rays of the soft dorsal and anal fins prolonged in the form of
long threads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thread"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
thready.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thread"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form
of a thread; filiform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thread"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any long, slender nematode worm, especially the pinworm and
filaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thread"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like
thread or filaments; slender; as, the <i>thready</i> roots of a
shrub.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing, or consisting of, thread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Threap</hw> (thr&emacr;p), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Threaped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Threaping</u>.] [AS. <i>&thorn;re&aacute;pian</i> to reprove.] [Written
also <i>threpe</i>, and <i>threip</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To call; to
name.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To maintain obstinately against denial or
contradiction; also, to contend or argue against (another) with obstinacy;
to chide; as, he <i>threaped</i> me down that it was so.</def> [Prov. Eng.
& Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To beat, or thrash.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cozen, or cheat.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Threap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To contend obstinately; to
be pertinacious.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It's not for a man with a woman to
<i>threap</i>.</blockquote> <i>Percy's Reliques.</i></p>

<p><hw>Threap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An obstinate decision or
determination; a pertinacious affirmation.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was taken a <i>threap</i> that he would have it finished
before the year was done.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Threat</hw> (thr&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&thorn;re&aacute;t</i>, akin to &amacr;<i>&thorn;re&oacute;tan</i> to
vex, G. ver<i>driessen</i>, OHG. ir<i>driozan</i>, Icel.
<i>&thorn;rj&omacr;ta</i> to fail, want, lack, Goth. us<i>&thorn;riutan</i>
to vex, to trouble, Russ. <i>trudite</i> to impose a task, irritate, vex,
L. <i>trudere</i> to push.  Cf. <u>Abstruse</u>, <u>Intrude</u>,
<u>Obstrude</u>, <u>Protrude</u>.] <def>The expression of an intention to
inflict evil or injury on another; the declaration of an evil, loss, or
pain to come; menace; threatening; denunciation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no terror, Cassius, in your
<i>threats</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Threat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&thorn;reten</i>,
AS. <i>&thorn;re&aacute;tian</i>. See <u>Threat</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>To threaten.</def> [Obs. or Poetic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of all his <i>threating</i> reck not a mite.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our dreaded admiral from far they
<i>threat</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Threat"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Threatened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Threatening</u>.] [OE. <i>&thorn;retenen</i>. See <u>Threat</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter threats against;
to menace; to inspire with apprehension; to alarm, or attempt to alarm, as
with the promise of something evil or disagreeable; to warn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us straitly <i>threaten</i> them, that they speak
henceforth to no man in this name.</blockquote> <i>Acts iv. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit the appearance of (something evil or
unpleasant) as approaching; to indicate as impending; to announce the
conditional infliction of; as, to <i>threaten</i> war; to <i>threaten</i>
death.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The skies look grimly<BR>
And <i>threaten</i> present blusters.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To menace.  -- <u>Threaten</u>, <u>Menace</u>.
<i>Threaten</i> is Anglo-Saxon, and <i>menace</i> is Latin. As often
happens, the former is the more familiar term; the latter is more employed
in formal style. We are <i>threatened</i> with a drought; the country is
<i>menaced</i> with war.</p>

<p><blockquote>By turns put on the suppliant and the lord:<BR>
<i>Threatened</i> this moment, and the next implored.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of the sharp ax<BR>
Regardless, that o'er his devoted head<BR>
Hangs <i>menacing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Somerville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Threat"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use threats, or
menaces; also, to have a threatening appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though the seas <i>threaten</i>, they are
merciful.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Threat"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
threatens.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Threat"en*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Threaten</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def> -- <wf>Threat"en*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Threatening letters</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>letters
containing threats, especially those designed to extort money, or to obtain
other property, by menaces; blackmailing letters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Threat"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of threats;
having a menacing appearance.</def> <i>Spenser.</i> --
<wf>Threat"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Threave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Thrave</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Three</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&thorn;re</i>,
<i>&thorn;reo</i>, <i>&thorn;ri</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;r&imacr;</i>, masc.,
<i>&thorn;re&oacute;</i>, fem. and neut.; akin to OFries. <i>thre</i>, OS.
<i>thria</i>, <i>threa</i>, D. <i>drie</i>, G. <i>drei</i>, OHG.
<i>dr&imacr;</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;r&imacr;r</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>tre</i>,
Goth. <i>&thorn;reis</i>, Lith. <i>trys</i>, Ir., Gael. &amp; W. <i>tri</i>,
Russ. <i>tri</i>, L. <i>tres</i>, Gr. <grk>trei^s</grk>, Skr. <i>tri</i>.
&radic;301.  Cf. 3d <u>Drilling</u>, <u>Tern</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Third</u>, <u>Thirteen</u>, <u>Thirty</u>, <u>Tierce</u>, <u>Trey</u>,
<u>Tri-</u>, <u>Triad</u>, <u>Trinity</u>, <u>Tripod</u>.] <def>One more
than two; two and one.</def> "I offer thee <i>three</i> things."  <i>2 Sam.
xxiv. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Three</i> solemn aisles approach the shrine.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Three</i> is often joined with other words, forming compounds
signifying <i>divided into</i>, <i>composed of</i>, or <i>containing</i>,
<i>three parts</i>, <i>portions</i>, <i>organs</i>, or the like; as,
<i>three</i>-branched, <i>three</i>-capsuled, <i>three</i>-celled,
<i>three</i>-cleft, <i>three</i>-edged, <i>three</i>-foot, <i>three</i>-
footed, <i>three</i>-forked, <i>three</i>-grained, <i>three</i>-headed,
<i>three</i>-legged, <i>three</i>-mouthed, <i>three</i>-nooked,
<i>three</i>-petaled, <i>three</i>-pronged, <i>three</i>-ribbed,
<i>three</i>-seeded, <i>three</i>-stringed, <i>three</i>-toed, and the
like.</p>

<p><hw>Three</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The number
greater by a unit than two; three units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing three units, as 3 or
iii.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Rule of three</b></col>. <i>(Arith.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Rule</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Three"-coat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Having or consisting of three coats; -- applied to plastering which
consists of pricking-up, floating, and a finishing coat; or, as called in
the United States, a scratch coat, browning, and finishing coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-cor`nered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having three corners, or angles; as, a <i>three-cornered</i>
hat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having three prominent
longitudinal angles; as, a <i>three-cornered</i> stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-deck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
vessel of war carrying guns on three decks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-flow`ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Bearing three flowers together, or only three flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>&thorn;reofald</i>; cf. AS. <i>&thorn;r&imacr;feald</i>.]
<def>Consisting of three, or thrice repeated; triple; as, <i>threefold</i>
justice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>threefold</i> cord is not quickly broken.</blockquote>
<i>Eccl. iv. 12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Three"-hand`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Said of games or
contests where three persons play against each other, or two against one;
as, a <i>three-handed</i> game of cards.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Three"-leafed`</hw> (?), <hw>Three"-leaved`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Producing three
leaves; as, <i>three-leaved</i> nightshade.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Consisting of three distinct leaflets; having the leaflets arranged in
threes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Three-leaved nightshade</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Trillium</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Three"-lobed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having three
lobes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Three-lobed leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leaf divided
into three parts, the sinuses extending not more than half way to the
middle, and either the parts of the sinuses being rounded.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Three"-nerved`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having three
nerves.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Three-nerved leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leaf having
three distinct and prominent ribs, or nerves, extending from the
base.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Three"-part`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Divided into, or
consisting of, three parts; tripartite.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Three-parted leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leaf divided
into three parts down to the base, but not entirely separate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Three"pence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small silver coin
of three times the value of a penny.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Three"pen*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Costing or worth
three pence; hence, worth but little; poor; mean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-pile`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old name for the
finest and most costly kind of velvet, having a fine, thick pile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have served Prince Florizel and in my time wore <i>three-
pile</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Three"-piled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the quality of three-pile; best; most costly.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art good velvet; thou 'rt <i>three-piled</i>
piece.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Extravagant; exaggerated; high-
flown.</def> "<i>Three-piled</i> hyperboles."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Accustomed to wearing three-pile; hence, of high
rank, or wealth.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Three-piled</i> people."  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Three"-ply`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of three
distinct webs inwrought together in weaving, as cloth or carpeting; having
three strands; threefold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-point`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having three acute or setigerous points; tricuspidate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-quar`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Paint.)</i>
<def>Measuring thirty inches by twenty-five; -- said of
portraitures.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Three-quarter length</b></col>, <cd>a portrait showing the
figure to the hips only.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Three"-score`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thrice twenty;
sixty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-sid`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having three
sides, especially three plane sides; as, a <i>three-sided</i> stem, leaf,
petiole, peduncle, scape, or pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-square`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a cross
section in the form of an equilateral triangle; -- said especially of a
kind of file.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-valved`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting of, or
having, three valves; opening with three valves; as, a <i>three-valved</i>
pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Connected with, or
serving to connect, three channels or pipes; as, a <i>three-way</i> cock or
valve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Threne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>threnus</i>, Gr. &?;.
Cf. <u>Drone</u>.] <def>Lamentation; threnody; a dirge.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>threns</i> . . . of the prophet
Jeremiah.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Thre*net"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Thre*net"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See <u>Threne</u>.] <def>Pertaining to a
threne; sorrowful; mournful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thren"ode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A threne, or threnody;
a dirge; a funeral song.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thren"o*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who composes,
delivers, or utters, a threnode, or threnody.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thren"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; a dirge +
&?; a song. See <u>Threne</u>, and <u>Ode</u>.] <def>A song of lamentation;
a threnode.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Threpe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Threap</u>.]
<def>To call; to term.</def> [Obs.] "Luna silver we <i>threpe</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Threp*sol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; nourishment +
<i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The doctrine of nutrition; a treatise on
nutrition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thresh</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Threshed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Threshing</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Thrash</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would <i>thresh</i>, and thereto dike and
delve.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thresh"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Thrasher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thresh"-fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Threshold.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thresh"old</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>threswold</i>,
<i>&thorn;reshwold</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;rescwald</i>, <i>&thorn;erscwald</i>,
<i>&thorn;erscold</i>, <i>&thorn;rescold</i>, fr. <i>&thorn;rescan</i>,
<i>&thorn;erscan</i>, to thresh; akin to Icel. <i>&thorn;reskj&ouml;de</i>,
<i>&thorn;r&ouml;skuldr</i>, Sw. <i>tr&ouml;skel</i>, Dan.
<i>t&aelig;rskel</i>. See <u>Thrash</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
plank, stone, or piece of timber, which lies under a door, especially of a
dwelling house, church, temple, or the like; the doorsill; hence, entrance;
gate; door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The place or point of entering or
beginning, entrance; outset; as, the <i>threshold</i> of life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thresh"wold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Threshold.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Threste</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Threste</u>; <pos><i>p. p. &</i></pos> <u>Threst</u>.] <def>To
thrust.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thret"teen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thirteen.</def>
[Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Thret"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thirty.</def> [Obs. or
Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Threw</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Throw</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrib"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Triple; treble;
threefold.</def> [Prov. Eng. or Colloq.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrice</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thries</i>;
<i>thrie</i> thrice (AS. <i>&thorn;riga</i>, <i>&thorn;riwa</i>) + <i>-
s</i>, the adverbal suffix. See <u>Three</u>, and <u>-wards</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Three times.</def> "<i>Thrice</i> in vain."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Verily I say unto thee. That this night, before the cock
crow, thou shalt deny me <i>thrice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxvi.
34.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a threefold manner or degree; repeatedly;
very.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Thrice</i> noble lord, let me entreat of you<BR>
To pardon me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Thrice</i> is he armed that hath his quarrel
just.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Thrice</i> is often used, generally with an intensive force,
to form compounds which are usually of obvious meaning; as, in
<i>thrice</i>-blessed, <i>thrice</i>-favored, <i>thrice</i>-hallowed,
<i>thrice</i>-happy, <i>thrice</i>-told, and the like.</p>

<p><hw>Thrice"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The missel thrush.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Thrid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Third.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrid</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Thridded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Thridding</u>.] [A
variant of <i>thread</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass through in the
manner of a thread or a needle; to make or find a course through; to
thread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>thrid</i> the mazy ringlets of her
hair.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And now he <i>thrids</i> the bramble bush.</blockquote>
<i>J. R. Drake.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I began<BR>
To <i>thrid</i> the musky-circled mazes.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make or effect (a way or course) through
something; as, to <i>thrid</i> one's way through a wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Thread; continuous line.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>I resume the <i>thrid</i> of my discourse.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thri"fal`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Thryfallow</u>, and <u>Trifallow</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>&thorn;rift</i>. See
<u>Thrive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thriving state; good husbandry;
economical management in regard to property; frugality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rest, . . . willing to fall to <i>thrift</i>, prove very
good husbands.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Success and advance in the acquisition of
property; increase of worldly goods; gain; prosperity.</def> "Your
<i>thrift</i> is gone full clean."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a mind presages me such <i>thrift</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Vigorous growth, as of a plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of several species of
flowering plants of the genera <i>Statice</i> and <i>Armeria</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Common thrift</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd><i>Armeria
vulgaris</i>; -- also called <i>sea pink</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Frugality; economy; prosperity; gain; profit.</p>

<p><! p. 1503 !></p>

<p><hw>Thrift"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a thrifty manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Carefully; properly; becomingly.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A young clerk . . . in Latin <i>thriftily</i> them gret
[greeted].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrift"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being thrifty; thrift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrift"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without thrift; not
prudent or prosperous in money affairs.</def> -- <wf>Thrift"less*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Thrift"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Thrift"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Thriftier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Thriftiest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Given to, or evincing, thrift; characterized by
economy and good menegement of property; sparing; frugal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her chaffer was so <i>thrifty</i> and so new.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am glad he hath so much youth and vigor left, of which he
hath not been <i>thrifty</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Thriving by industry and frugality; prosperous
in the acquisition of worldly goods; increasing in wealth; as, a
<i>thrifty</i> farmer or mechanic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Growing rapidly or vigorously; thriving; as, a
<i>thrifty</i> plant or colt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Secured by thrift; well husbanded.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have five hundred crowns,<BR>
The <i>thrifty</i> hire I saved under your father.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Well appearing; looking or being in good
condition; becoming.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I sit at home, I have no <i>thrifty</i> cloth.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Frugal; sparing; economical; saving; careful.</p>

<p><hw>Thrill</hw> (thr&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Trill</u>.]
<def>A warbling; a trill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&thorn;yrel</i> an
aperture. See <u>Thrill</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A breathing
place or hole; a nostril, as of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Thrilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Thrilling</u>.]
[OE. <i>thrillen</i>, <i>&thorn;irlen</i>, <i>&thorn;urlen</i>, to pierce;
all probably fr. AS. <i>&thorn;yrlian</i>, <i>&thorn;yrelian</i>, Fr.
<i>&thorn;yrel</i> pierced; as a noun, a hole, fr. <i>&thorn;urh</i>
through; probably akin to D. <i>drillen</i> to drill, to bore. &radic;53.
See <u>Through</u>, and cf. <u>Drill</u> to bore, <u>Nostril</u>,
<u>Trill</u> to trickle.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To perforate by a pointed
instrument; to bore; to transfix; to drill.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He pierced through his chafed chest<BR>
With <i>thrilling</i> point of deadly iron brand.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to affect, as if by something that
pierces or pricks; to cause to have a shivering, throbbing, tingling, or
exquisite sensation; to pierce; to penetrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To bathe in flery floods, or to reside<BR>
In <i>thrilling</i> region of thick-ribbed ice.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Vivid and picturesque turns of expression which
<i>thrill</i> the &?;eader with sudden delight.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The cruel word her tender heart so <i>thrilled</i>,<BR>
That sudden cold did run through every vein.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hurl; to throw; to cast.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>thrill</i> my javelin.</blockquote>
<i>Heywood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pierce, as something sharp; to penetrate; especially, to cause a tingling
sensation that runs through the system with a slight shivering; as, a sharp
sound <i>thrills</i> through the whole frame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a faint cold fear <i>thrills</i> through my
veins.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feel a sharp, shivering, tingling, or
exquisite sensation, running through the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To seek sweet safety out<BR>
In vaults and prisons, and to <i>thrill</i> and shake.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A drill.
See 3d <u>Drill</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sensation as of being thrilled; a tremulous
excitement; as, a <i>thrill</i> of horror; a <i>thrill</i> of joy.</def>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrill"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Piercing; sharp;
thrilling.</def> [Obs.] "His <i>thrillant</i> spear."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrill"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing a thrill; causing
tremulous excitement; deeply moving; as, a <i>thrilling</i> romance.</def>
-- <wf>Thrill"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Thrill"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Thring</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Throng</u> (?).] [AS. <i>&thorn;ringan</i>. See
<u>Throng</u>.] <def>To press, crowd, or throng.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Thrips</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a woodworm, Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous small species of Thysanoptera,
especially those which attack useful plants, as the grain thrips (<i>Thrips
cerealium</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is also popularly applied to various other small
injurious insects.</p>

<p><hw>Thrist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Thrist.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrit"tene`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thirteen.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrive</hw> (thr&imacr;v), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Throve</u> (thr&omacr;v) or <u>Thrived</u>
(thr&imacr;vd); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Thrived</u> or <u>Thriven</u>
(thr&ibreve;v"'n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Thriving</u>.] [OE.
<i>&thorn;riven</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;r&imacr;fask</i>; probably originally,
to grasp for one's self, from <i>&thorn;r&imacr;fa</i> to grasp; akin to
Dan. <i>trives</i> to thrive, Sw. <i>trifvas</i>.  Cf. <u>Thrift</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prosper by industry, economy, and good
management of property; to increase in goods and estate; as, a farmer
<i>thrives</i> by good husbandry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Diligence and humility is the way to <i>thrive</i> in the
riches of the understanding, as well as in gold.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prosper in any business; to have increase or
success.</def> "They by vices <i>thrive</i>."  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O son, why sit we here, each other viewing<BR>
Idly, while Satan, our great author, <i>thrives</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And so she <i>throve</i> and prospered.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To increase in bulk or stature; to grow
vigorously or luxuriantly, as a plant; to flourish; as, young cattle
<i>thrive</i> in rich pastures; trees <i>thrive</i> in a good
soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thriv"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Thrive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thriv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who thrives, or
prospers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thriv"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a thriving
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thriv"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of one who thrives; prosperity; growth; increase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thro'</hw> (?). <def>A contraction of <u>Through</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throat</hw> (thr&omacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>throte</i>,
AS. <i>&thorn;rote</i>, <i>&thorn;rotu</i>; akin to OHG. <i>drozza</i>, G.
<i>drossel</i>; cf. OFries. &amp; D. <i>stort</i>.  Cf. <u>Throttle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The part of the
neck in front of, or ventral to, the vertebral column.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hence, the passage through it to the stomach and
lungs; the pharynx; -- sometimes restricted to the fauces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can vent clamor from my <i>throat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A contracted portion of a vessel, or of a
passage way; as, the <i>throat</i> of a pitcher or vase.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The part of a chimney between the
gathering, or portion of the funnel which contracts in ascending, and the
flue.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The upper
fore corner of a boom-and-gaff sail, or of a staysail.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That end of a gaff which is next the mast.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The angle where the arm of an anchor is joined to
the shank.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>The inside of a timber
knee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The orifice of a tubular organ;
the outer end of the tube of a monopetalous corolla; the faux, or
fauces.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Throat brails</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>brails attached to
the gaff close to the mast.</cd> -- <col><b>Throat halyards</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>halyards that raise the throat of the gaff.</cd> --
<col><b>Throat pipe</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the windpipe, or
trachea.</cd> -- <col><b>To give one the lie in his throat</b></col>,
<cd>to accuse one pointedly of lying abominably.</cd> -- <col><b>To lie in
one's throat</b></col>, <cd>to lie flatly or abominably.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Throat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
utter in the throat; to mutter; as, to <i>throat</i> threats.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mow, as beans, in a direction against their
bending.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Throat"band`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Throatlatch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throat"boll`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Throat</i> +
<i>boll</i> a ball.] <def>The Adam's apple in the neck.</def> [Obs. or
R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By the <i>throatboll</i> he caught Aleyn.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throat"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A drip, or
drip molding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throat"latch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strap of a
bridle, halter, or the like, passing under a horse's throat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throat"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant (<i>Campanula Trachelium</i>) formerly considered a remedy for sore
throats because of its throat-shaped corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throat"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Guttural; hoarse;
having a guttural voice.</def> "Hard, <i>throaty</i> words."
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throb</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Throbbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Throbbing</u>.] [OE. <i>&thorn;robben</i>; of uncertain origin; cf.
Russ. <i>trepete</i> a trembling, and E. <i>trepidation</i>.] <def>To beat,
or pulsate, with more than usual force or rapidity; to beat in consequence
of agitation; to palpitate; -- said of the heart, pulse, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My heart<BR>
<i>Throbs</i> to know one thing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here may his head lie on my <i>throbbing</i>
breast.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throb</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A beat, or strong pulsation,
as of the heart and arteries; a violent beating; a papitation:</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The impatient <i>throbs</i> and longings of a soul<BR>
That pants and reaches after distant good.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throd"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>throdden</i>, <i>throddle</i>, fat, thriving; cf. Icel. <i>throask</i>
to grow.] <def>To grow; to thrive.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&thorn;rowe</i>,
<i>&thorn;rawe</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;re&aacute;</i> a threatening, oppression,
suffering, perhaps influenced by Icel. <i>&thorn;r&amacr;</i> a throe, a
pang, a longing; cf. AS. <i>&thorn;reowian</i> to suffer.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extreme pain; violent pang; anguish; agony;
especially, one of the pangs of travail in childbirth, or
purturition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Prodogious motion felt, and rueful
<i>throes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tool for splitting wood into shingles; a
frow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To struggle in extreme
pain; to be in agony; to agonize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put in agony.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Throm*bo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Thrombus</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The obstruction of a blood vessel by a
clot formed at the site of obstruction; -- distinguished from
<i>embolism</i>, which is produced by a clot or foreign body brought from a
distance.</def> -- <wf>Throm*bot"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Throm"bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Thrombi</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a lump, a clot of blood.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A clot of blood formed of a passage
of a vessel and remaining at the site of coagulation.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tumor produced by the escape of blood into the
subcutaneous cellular tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trone</i>, F.
<i>tr&ocirc;ne</i>, L. <i>thronus</i>, Gr. &?;; cf. &?; a bench, &?; a
footstool, &?; to set one's self, to sit, Skr. <i>dhara&nsdot;a</i>
supporting, <i>dh&rsdot;</i> to hold fast, carry, and E. <i>firm</i>, a.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A chair of state, commonly a royal seat, but
sometimes the seat of a prince, bishop, or other high dignitary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The noble king is set up in his <i>throne</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>High on a <i>throne</i> of royal state.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, sovereign power and dignity; also, the
one who occupies a throne, or is invested with sovereign authority; an
exalted or dignified personage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Only in the <i>throne</i> will I be greater than
thou.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xli. 40.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To mold a mighty state's decrees,<BR>
And shape the whisper of the <i>throne</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>A high order of angels in the
celestial hierarchy; -- a meaning given by the schoolmen.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Great Sire! whom <i>thrones</i> celestial ceaseless
sing.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throne</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Throned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Throning</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place on a royal seat; to enthrone.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place in an elevated position; to give
sovereignty or dominion to; to exalt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>True image of the Father, whether <i>throned</i><BR>
In the bosom of bliss, and light of light.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throne</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be in, or sit upon,
a throne; to be placed as if upon a throne.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throne"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
throne.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throng</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&thorn;rong</i>,
<i>&thorn;rang</i>, AS. <i>ge&thorn;rang</i>, fr. <i>&thorn;ringan</i> to
crowd, to press; akin to OS. <i>thringan</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>dringen</i>, OHG.
<i>dringan</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;ryngva</i>, <i>&thorn;r&ouml;ngva</i>,
Goth. <i>&thorn;riehan</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>drang</i> a throng, press, Icel.
<i>&thorn;r&ouml;ng</i> a throng, Lith. <i>trenkti</i> to jolt,
<i>tranksmas</i> a tumult.  Cf. <u>Thring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
multitude of persons or of living beings pressing or pressed into a close
body or assemblage; a crowd.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A great multitude; as, the heavenly
<i>throng</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Throng</u>, <u>Multitude</u>, <u>Crowd</u>.  Any great
number of persons form a <i>multitude</i>; a <i>throng</i> is a large
number of persons who are gathered or are moving together in a collective
body; a <i>crowd</i> is composed of a large or small number of persons who
press together so as to bring their bodies into immediate or inconvenient
contact. A dispersed <i>multitude</i>; the <i>throngs</i> in the streets of
a city; the <i>crowd</i> at a fair or a street fight. But these
distinctions are not carefully observed.</p>

<p><blockquote>So, with this bold opposer rushes on<BR>
This many-headed monster, <i>multitude</i>.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not to know me argues yourselves unknown,<BR>
The lowest of your <i>throng</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I come from empty noise, and tasteless pomp,<BR>
From <i>crowds</i> that hide a monarch from himself.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throng</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Thronged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Thronging</u>.]
<def>To crowd together; to press together into a close body, as a multitude
of persons; to gather or move in multitudes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have seen the dumb men <i>throng</i> to see
him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throng</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
crowd, or press, as persons; to oppress or annoy with a crowd of living
beings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Much people followed him, and <i>thronged</i>
him.</blockquote> <i>Mark v. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To crowd into; to fill closely by crowding or
pressing into, as a hall or a street.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throng</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thronged; crowded; also, much
occupied; busy.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To the intent the sick . . . should not lie too
<i>throng</i>.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Throng"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In throngs or
crowds.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Throp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thorp.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throp"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Thrapple</u>, and
see <u>Throttle</u>.] <def>The windpipe.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throp"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throttle.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Thros"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>throsel</i>, AS.
<i>&thorn;rostle</i>, <i>&thorn;rosle</i>; akin to MHG. <i>trostel</i>, G.
<i>drossel</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;r&ouml;str</i>, Sw. <i>trast</i>, Lith.
<i>strazdas</i>, L. <i>turdus</i>. &radic;238.   Cf. <u>Thrush</u> the
bird.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The song thrush. See
under <u>Song</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine for spinning wool, cotton, etc., from
the rove, consisting of a set of drawing rollers with bobbins and flyers,
and differing from the mule in having the twisting apparatus stationary and
the processes continuous; -- so called because it makes a singing
noise.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Throstle cock</b></col>, <cd>the missel thrush.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Thros"tling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Throttle</u>.]
<def>A disease of bovine cattle, consisting of a swelling under the throat,
which, unless checked, causes strangulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throt"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>throat</i>. See
<u>Throat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The windpipe, or trachea; the
weasand.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>The throttle
valve.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Throttle lever</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>the hand
lever by which a throttle valve is moved, especially in a locomotive.</cd>
-- <col><b>Throttle valve</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>a valve
moved by hand or by a governor for regulating the supply of steam to the
steam chest. In one form it consists of a disk turning on a transverse
axis.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Throt"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Throttled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Throttling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To compress the throat of;
to choke; to strangle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grant him this, and the Parliament hath no more freedom than
if it sat in his noose, which, when he pleases to draw together with one
twitch of his negative, shall <i>throttle</i> a whole nation, to the wish
of Caligula, in one neck.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter with breaks and interruption, in the
manner of a person half suffocated.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Throttle</i> their practiced accent in their
fears.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To shut off, or reduce flow of, as steam to an
engine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throt"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
have the throat obstructed so as to be in danger of suffocation; to choke;
to suffocate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To breathe hard, as when nearly
suffocated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throt"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, throttles, or chokes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Flasher</u>, 3
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Through</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thurgh</i>,
<i>&thorn;urh</i>, <i>&thorn;uruh</i>, <i>&thorn;oruh</i>, AS.
<i>&thorn;urh</i>; akin to OS. <i>thurh</i>, <i>thuru</i>, OFries.
<i>thruch</i>, D. <i>door</i>, OHG. <i>durh</i>, <i>duruh</i>, G.
<i>durch</i>, Goth. <i>&thorn;a&iacute;rh</i>; cf. Ir. <i>tri</i>,
<i>tre</i>, W. <i>trwy</i>. &radic;53.   Cf. <u>Nostril</u>,
<u>Thorough</u>, <u>Thrill</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>From end to end
of, or from side to side of; from one surface or limit of, to the opposite;
into and out of at the opposite, or at another, point; as, to bore
<i>through</i> a piece of timber, or <i>through</i> a board; a ball passes
<i>through</i> the side of a ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Between the sides or walls of; within; as, to
pass <i>through</i> a door; to go <i>through</i> an avenue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Through</i> the gate of ivory he dismissed<BR>
His valiant offspring.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>By means of; by the agency of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Through</i> these hands this science has passed with
great applause.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Material things are presented only <i>through</i> their
senses.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Over the whole surface or extent of; as, to ride
<i>through</i> the country; to look <i>through</i> an account.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Among or in the midst of; -- used to denote
passage; as, a fish swims <i>through</i> the water; the light glimmers
<i>through</i> a thicket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>From the beginning to the end of; to the end or
conclusion of; as, <i>through</i> life; <i>through</i> the year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Through</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>From
one end or side to the other; as, to pierce a thing
<i>through</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>From beginning to end; as, to read a letter
<i>through</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To the end; to a conclusion; to the ultimate
purpose; as, to carry a project <i>through</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Through</i> was formerly used to form compound adjectives
where we now use <i>thorough</i>; as, <i>through</i>-bred; <i>through</i>-
lighted; <i>through</i>-placed, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>To drop through</b></col>, <cd>to fall through; to come to
naught; to fail.</cd> -- <col><b>To fall through</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fall</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><! p. 1504 !></p>

<p><hw>Through</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going or extending
through; going, extending, or serving from the beginning to the end;
thorough; complete; as, a <i>through</i> line; a <i>through</i> ticket; a
<i>through</i> train.  Also, admitting of passage through; as, a
<i>through</i> bridge.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Through bolt</b></col>, <cd>a bolt which passes through all the
thickness or layers of that which it fastens, or in which it is fixed.</cd>
-- <col><b>Through bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge in which the floor is
supported by the lower chords of the tissues instead of the upper, so that
travel is between the trusses and not over them.   Cf. <i>Deck bridge</i>,
under <u>Deck</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Through cold</b></col>, <cd>a deep-
seated cold.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Holland.</i> -- <col><b>Through
stone</b></col>, <cd>a flat gravestone.</cd> [Scot.] [Written also
<i>through stane</i>.] <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> -- <col><b>Through
ticket</b></col>, <cd>a ticket for the whole journey.</cd> --
<col><b>Through train</b></col>, <cd>a train which goes the whole length of
a railway, or of a long route.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Through"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Thoroughly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wash me <i>throughly</i> from mine iniquity.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. li. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To dare in fields is valor; but how few<BR>
Dare to be <i>throughly</i> valiant to be true?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Through*out"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Quite through;
from one extremity to the other of; also, every part of; as, to search
<i>throughout</i> the house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor to their idle orbs doth sight appear<BR>
Of sun, or moon, or star, <i>throughout</i> the year.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Through*out"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In every part; as,
the cloth was of a piece <i>throughout</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throve</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Thrive</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throw</hw> (thr&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Throe</u>.]
<def>Pain; especially, pain of travail; throe.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.
Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&thorn;r&amacr;h</i>,
<i>&thorn;r&amacr;g</i>.] <def>Time; while; space of time; moment;
trice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will with Thomas speak a little <i>throw</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throw</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Threw</u> (thr&udd;); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Thrown</u>
(thr&omacr;n); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Throwing</u>.] [OE.
<i>&thorn;rowen</i>, <i>&thorn;rawen</i>, to throw, to twist, AS.
<i>&thorn;r&amacr;wan</i> to twist, to whirl; akin to D. <i>draaijen</i>,
G. <i>drehen</i>, OHG. <i>dr&amacr;jan</i>, L. <i>terebra</i> an auger,
gimlet, Gr. &?; to bore, to turn, &?; to pierce, &?; a hole.  Cf.
<u>Thread</u>, <u>Trite</u>, <u>Turn</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fling, cast, or hurl with a certain whirling
motion of the arm, to <i>throw</i> a ball; -- distinguished from to
<i>toss</i>, or to <i>bowl</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fling or cast in any manner; to drive to a
distance from the hand or from an engine; to propel; to send; as, to
<i>throw</i> stones or dust with the hand; a cannon <i>throws</i> a ball; a
fire engine <i>throws</i> a stream of water to extinguish flames.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To drive by violence; as, a vessel or sailors
may be <i>thrown</i> upon a rock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To cause to take a strategic
position; as, he <i>threw</i> a detachment of his army across the
river.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To overturn; to prostrate in wrestling; as, a
man <i>throws</i> his antagonist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cast, as dice; to venture at dice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Set less than thou <i>throwest</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To put on hastily; to spread
carelessly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'er his fair limbs a flowery vest he
<i>threw</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To divest or strip one's self of; to put
off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There the snake <i>throws</i> her enameled
skin.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Pottery)</i> <def>To form or shape roughly on a
throwing engine, or potter's wheel, as earthen vessels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To give forcible utterance to; to cast; to
vent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>thrown</i><BR>
A brave defiance in King Henry's teeth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth; to produce, as young; to bear;
-- said especially of rabbits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To twist two or more filaments of, as silk, so
as to form one thread; to twist together, as singles, in a direction
contrary to the twist of the singles themselves; -- sometimes applied to
the whole class of operations by which silk is prepared for the
weaver.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To throw away</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To lose by
neglect or folly; to spend in vain; to bestow without a compensation; as,
<i>to throw away</i> time; <i>to throw away</i> money.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To reject; as, <i>to throw away</i> a good book, or
a good offer.</cd> -- <col><b>To throw back</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To retort; to cast back, as a reply.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
reject; to refuse.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To reflect, as light.</cd>
-- <col><b>To throw by</b></col>, <cd>to lay aside; to discard; to neglect
as useless; as, <i>to throw by</i> a garment.</cd> -- <col><b>To throw
down</b></col>, <cd>to subvert; to overthrow; to destroy; as, <i>to throw
down</i> a fence or wall.</cd> -- <col><b>To throw in</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To inject, as a fluid.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To put in; to deposit with others; to contribute; as, <i>to throw
in</i> a few dollars to help make up a fund; <i>to throw in</i> an
occasional comment.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To add without enumeration
or valuation, as something extra to clinch a bargain.</cd> -- <col><b>To
throw off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To expel; to free one's self
from; as, <i>to throw off</i> a disease.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
reject; to discard; to abandon; as, <i>to throw off</i> all sense of shame;
<i>to throw off</i> a dependent.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To make a
start in a hunt or race.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>To throw on</b></col>,
<cd>to cast on; to load.</cd> -- <col><b>To throw one's self
down</b></col>, <cd>to lie down neglectively or suddenly.</cd> --
<col><b>To throw one's self on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To fall upon.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
resign one's self to the favor, clemency, or sustain power of (another); to
repose upon.</cd> -- <col><b>To throw out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To cast out; to reject or discard; to expel.</cd> "The other two, whom
they had <i>thrown out</i>, they were content should enjoy their exile."
<i>Swift.</i> "The bill was <i>thrown out</i>." <i>Swift.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To utter; to give utterance to; to speak; as, <i>to
throw out</i> insinuation or observation.</cd> "She <i>throws out</i>
thrilling shrieks." <i>Spenser.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To distance; to
leave behind.</cd> <i>Addison.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to
project; as, <i>to throw out</i> a pier or an abutment.</cd>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To give forth; to emit; as, an electric lamp
<i>throws out</i> a brilliant light.</cd> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To put
out; to confuse; as, a sudden question often <i>throws out</i> an
orator.</cd> -- <col><b>To throw over</b></col>, <cd>to abandon the cause
of; to desert; to discard; as, <i>to throw over</i> a friend in
difficulties.</cd> -- <col><b>To throw up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To resign; to give up; to demit; as, <i>to throw up</i> a
commission.</cd> "Experienced gamesters <i>throw up</i> their cards when
they know that the game is in the enemy's hand." <i>Addison.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To reject from the stomach; to vomit.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To construct hastily; as, <i>to throw up</i> a
breastwork of earth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Throw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform the act of
throwing or casting; to cast; specifically, to cast dice.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To throw about</b></col>, <cd>to cast about; to try
expedients.</cd> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Throw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
hurling or flinging; a driving or propelling from the hand or an engine; a
cast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He heaved a stone, and, rising to the <i>throw</i>,<BR>
He sent it in a whirlwind at the foe.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stroke; a blow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor shield defend the thunder of his
<i>throws</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The distance which a missile is, or may be,
thrown; as, a stone's <i>throw</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A cast of dice; the manner in which dice fall
when cast; as, a good <i>throw</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An effort; a violent sally.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Your youth admires<BR>
The <i>throws</i> and swellings of a Roman soul.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The extreme movement given to a
sliding or vibrating reciprocating piece by a cam, crank, eccentric, or the
like; travel; stroke; as, the <i>throw</i> of a slide valve. Also,
frequently, the length of the radius of a crank, or the eccentricity of an
eccentric; as, the <i>throw</i> of the crank of a steam engine is equal to
half the stroke of the piston.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Pottery)</i> <def>A potter's wheel or table; a
jigger. See 2d <u>Jigger</u>, 2 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A turner's lathe; a throwe.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The amount of vertical
displacement produced by a fault; -- according to the direction it is
designated as an <i>upthrow</i>, or a <i>downthrow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throw"-crook`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>An
instrument used for twisting ropes out of straw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throwe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A turning lathe.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Throw"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who throws.
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> One who throws or twists silk; a
throwster. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> One who shapes vessels on a throwing
engine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throw"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Throw</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Throwing engine</b></col>, <col><b>Throwing mill</b></col>,
<col><b>Throwing table</b></col>, or <col><b>Throwing wheel</b></col>
<i>(Pottery)</i>, <cd>a machine on which earthenware is first rudely shaped
by the hand of the potter from a mass of clay revolving rapidly on a disk
or table carried by a vertical spindle; a potter's wheel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thrown</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> from
<u>Throw</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Thrown silk</b></col>, <cd>silk thread consisting of two or more
singles twisted together like a rope, in a direction contrary to that in
which the singles of which it is composed are twisted.</cd>
<i>M'Culloch.</i> -- <col><b>Thrown singles</b></col>, <cd>silk thread or
cord made by three processes of twisting, first into <i>singles</i>, two or
more of which are twisted together making <i>dumb singles</i>, and several
of these twisted together to make <i>thrown singles</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Throw"-off`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A start in a hunt or
a race.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Throw"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Throw</i> + <i>-
ster</i>.] <def>One who throws or twists silk; a thrower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thru</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep., adv. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Through.</def> [Ref. spelling.]</p>

<p><hw>Thrum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thrum</i>,
<i>throm</i>; akin to OD. <i>drom</i>, D. <i>dreum</i>, G. <i>trumm</i>,
lump, end, fragment, OHG. <i>drum</i> end, Icel. <i>&?;r&ouml;mr</i> edge,
brim, and L. <i>terminus</i> a limit, term.  Cf. <u>Term</u>.] [Written
also <i>thrumb</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the ends of weaver's
threads; hence, any soft, short threads or tufts resembling
these.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any coarse yarn; an unraveled strand of
rope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A threadlike part of a flower; a
stamen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A shove out of place; a small
displacement or fault along a seam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A mat made of canvas and tufts of
yarn.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thrum cap</b></col>, <cd>a knitted cap.</cd> <i>Halliwell.</i> -
- <col><b>Thrum hat</b></col>, <cd>a hat made of coarse woolen cloth.</cd>
<i>Minsheu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrum</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Thrummed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Thrumming</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with thrums; to insert tufts in; to
fringe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Are we born to <i>thrum</i> caps or pick straw?</blockquote>
<i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To insert short pieces of rope-
yarn or spun yarn in; as, to <i>thrum</i> a piece of canvas, or a mat, thus
making a rough or tufted surface.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrum</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [CF. Icel. <i>&?;ruma</i> to
rattle, to thunder, and E. <i>drum</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play
rudely or monotonously on a stringed instrument with the fingers; to
strum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to make a monotonous drumming noise; as,
to <i>thrum</i> on a table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrum</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play,
as a stringed instrument, in a rude or monotonous manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to drum on; to strike in a monotonous
manner; to <i>thrum</i> the table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrum"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having the anthers raised above the stigma, and visible at the throat
of the corolla, as in long-stamened primroses; -- the reverse of <i>pin-
eyed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrum"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like thrums; made of,
furnished with, or characterized by, thrums.</def>  <i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On her head <i>thrummy</i> cap she had.</blockquote>
<i>Chalkhill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrum"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind
of amaranth (<i>Amarantus caudatus</i>).</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thru*out"</hw> (?). <def>Throughout.</def> [Ref. spelling.]</p>

<p><hw>Thrush</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&thorn;rusche</i>, AS.
<i>&thorn;rysce</i>; akin to OHG. <i>drosca</i>, <i>droscea</i>,
<i>droscela</i>, and E. <i>throstle</i>.  Cf. <u>Throstle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
singing birds belonging to <i>Turdus</i> and allied genera. They are noted
for the sweetness of their songs.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the best-known European species are the song thrush or
throstle (<i>Turdus musicus</i>), the missel thrush (see under
<u>Missel</u>), the European redwing, and the blackbird. The most important
American species are the wood thrush (<i>Turdus mustelinus</i>), Wilson's
thrush (<i>T. fuscescens</i>), the hermit thrush (see under <u>Hermit</u>),
Swainson's thrush (<i>T. Alici&aelig;</i>), and the migratory thrush, or
American robin (see <u>Robin</u>).</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of singing birds more or less resembling the true thrushes in appearance or
habits; as the thunderbird and the American brown thrush (or thrasher). See
<u>Brown thrush</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ant thrush</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Ant thrush</u>, <u>Breve</u>,
and <u>Pitta</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Babbling thrush</b></col>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of Asiatic timaline birds; -- called also
<i>babbler</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fruit thrush</b></col>, <cd>any species of
bulbul.</cd> -- <col><b>Shrike thrush</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Shrike</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Stone thrush</b></col>, <cd>the missel
thrush; -- said to be so called from its marbled breast.</cd> --
<col><b>Thrush nightingale</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Nightingale</u>, 2.</cd> -
- <col><b>Thrush tit</b></col>, <cd>any one of several species of Asiatic
singing birds of the genus <i>Cochoa</i>. They are beautifully colored
birds allied to the tits, but resembling thrushes in size and habits.</cd>
-- <col><b>Water thrush</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The European
dipper.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An American warbler (<i>Seiurus
Noveboracensis</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thrush</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to Dan.
<i>tr&ouml;ske</i>, Sw. <i>trosk</i>; cf. Dan. <i>t&ouml;r</i> dry, Sw.
<i>torr</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;urr</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;yrr</i>, OE.
<i>thrust</i> thrist, E. <i>thrist</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An affection of the mouth, fauces, etc., common in newly born
children, characterized by minute ulcers called <i>aphth&aelig;</i>. See
<u>Aphth&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An inflammatory and suppurative
affection of the feet in certain animals. In the horse it is in the
frog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrush"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The song thrush.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Thrush"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The song thrush.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Thrust</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Thrist.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrust</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Thrust</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Thrusting</u>.]
[OE. <i>&?;rusten</i>, <i>&?;risten</i>, <i>&?;resten</i>, Icel.
<i>&?;r&?;st&?;</i> to thrust, press, force, compel; perhaps akin to E.
<i>threat</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To push or drive with force; to
drive, force, or impel; to shove; as, to <i>thrust</i> anything with the
hand or foot, or with an instrument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Into a dungeon <i>thrust</i>, to work with
slaves.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stab; to pierce; -- usually with
<i>through</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To thrust away</b></col> or <col><b>from</b></col>, <cd>to push
away; to reject.</cd> -- <col><b>To thrust in</b></col>, <cd>to push or
drive in.</cd> -- <col><b>To thrust off</b></col>, <cd>to push away.</cd> -
- <col><b>To thrust on</b></col>, <cd>to impel; to urge.</cd> -- <col><b>To
thrust one's self in</b></col> or <col><b>into</b></col>, <cd>to obtrude
upon, to intrude, as into a room; to enter (a place) where one is not
invited or not welcome.</cd> -- <col><b>To thrust out</b></col>, <cd>to
drive out or away; to expel.</cd> -- <col><b>To thrust through</b></col>,
<cd>to pierce; to stab.</cd> "I am eight times <i>thrust through</i> the
doublet." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To thrust together</b></col>, <cd>to
compress.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thrust</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make
a push; to attack with a pointed weapon; as, a fencer <i>thrusts</i> at his
antagonist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enter by pushing; to squeeze in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>thrust</i> between my father and the
god.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To push forward; to come with force; to press
on; to intrude.</def> "Young, old, <i>thrust</i> there in mighty
concourse."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To thrust to</b></col>, <cd>to rush upon.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As doth an eager hound<BR>
<i>Thrust to</i> an hind within some covert glade.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thrust</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A violent
push or driving, as with a pointed weapon moved in the direction of its
length, or with the hand or foot, or with any instrument; a stab; -- a word
much used as a term of fencing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Polites] Pyrrhus with his lance pursues,<BR>
And often reaches, and his <i>thrusts</i> renews.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An attack; an assault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>thrust</i> at your pure, pretended
mechanism.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The force or pressure of one part
of a construction against other parts; especially <i>(Arch.)</i>, a
horizontal or diagonal outward pressure, as of an arch against its
abutments, or of rafters against the wall which support them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The breaking down of the roof of
a gallery under its superincumbent weight.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thrust bearing</b></col> <i>(Screw Steamers)</i>, <cd>a bearing
arranged to receive the thrust or endwise pressure of the screw shaft.</cd>
-- <col><b>Thrust plane</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the surface along
which dislocation has taken place in the case of a reversed fault.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Push; shove; assault; attack.  <u>Thrust</u>,
<u>Push</u>, <u>Shove</u>. <i>Push</i> and <i>shove</i> usually imply the
application of force by a body already in contact with the body to be
impelled. <i>Thrust</i>, often, but not always, implies the impulse or
application of force by a body which is in motion before it reaches the
body to be impelled.</p>

<p><hw>Thrust"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who thrusts or
stabs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thrust"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of pushing with force.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Dairies)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of
squeezing curd with the hand, to expel the whey.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>pl.</i> <def>The white whey, or that which is last pressed out of the
curd by the hand, and of which butter is sometimes made.</def> [Written
also <i>thrutchthings</i>.] [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Thrusting screw</b></col>, <cd>the screw of a screw press, as
for pressing curd in making cheese.</cd> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Thrus"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The throstle, or song thrust.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When he heard the <i>thrustel</i> sing.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thryes</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thrice.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thry"fal`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Perhaps fr.
<i>thrice + fallow</i>.  Cf. <u>Trifallow</u>.] <def>To plow for the third
time in summer; to trifallow.</def> [R.] [Written also <i>thrifallow</i>.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thud</hw> (th&ubreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>&thorn;&omacr;den</i> a whirlwind, violent wind, or E. <i>thump</i>.]
<def>A dull sound without resonance, like that produced by striking with,
or striking against, some comparatively soft substance; also, the stroke or
blow producing such sound; as, the <i>thrud</i> of a cannon ball striking
the earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At every new <i>thud</i> of the blast, a sob
arose.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At intervals there came some tremendous <i>thud</i> on the
side of the steamer.</blockquote> <i>C. Mackay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thug</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>thag</i> a deceiver,
robber.] <def>One of an association of robbers and murderers in India who
practiced murder by stealthy approaches, and from religious motives. They
have been nearly exterminated by the British government.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thug*gee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>&?;hag&imacr;</i>.] <def>The practice of secret or stealthy murder by
Thugs.</def> "One of the suppressors of <i>Thuggee</i>."  <i>J. D.
Hooker.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Thug"ger*y</hw> (?), <hw>Thug"gism</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Thuggee.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1505 !></p>

<p><hw>||Thu"ja</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?; an
African tree with sweet-smelling wood.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
evergreen trees, thickly branched, remarkable for the distichous
arrangement of their branches, and having scalelike, closely imbricated, or
compressed leaves.</def> [Written also <i>thuya</i>.] See <u>Thyine
wood</u>.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Thuja occidentalis</i> is the <i>Arbor vit&aelig;</i> of the
Eastern and Northern United States. <i>T. gigantea</i> of North-waetern
America is a very large tree, there called <i>red cedar</i>, and <i>canoe
cedar</i>, and furnishes a useful timber.</p>

<p><hw>||Thu"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Thule</i>,
<i>Thyle</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;.] <def>The name given by ancient geographers to
the northernmost part of the habitable world. According to some, this land
was Norway, according to others, Iceland, or more probably Mainland, the
largest of the Shetland islands; hence, the Latin phrase <i>ultima
Thule</i>, farthest Thule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thu"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Oxide of thulium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thu"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Thule</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element of uncertain properties and
identity, said to have been found in the mineral gadolinite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thumb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thombe</i>,
<i>thoumbe</i>, <i>&thorn;ume</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;&umacr;ma</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>th&umacr;ma</i>, D. <i>duim</i>, G. <i>daumen</i>, OHG.
<i>d&umacr;mo</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;umall</i>, Dan. <i>tommel</i>finger, Sw.
<i>tumme</i>, and perhaps to L. <i>tumere</i> to swell. &radic;56.  Cf.
<u>Thimble</u>, <u>Tumid</u>.] <def>The short, thick first digit of the
human hand, differing from the other fingers in having but two phalanges;
the pollex. See <u>Pollex</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon his <i>thumb</i> he had of gold a ring.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Thumb band</b></col>, <cd>a twist of anything as thick as the
thumb.</cd> <i>Mortimer.</i> -- <col><b>Thumb blue</b></col>, <cd>indigo in
the form of small balls or lumps, used by washerwomen to blue linen, and
the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Thumb latch</b></col>, <cd>a door latch having a
lever formed to be pressed by the thumb.</cd> -- <col><b>Thumb
mark</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The mark left by the impression of
a thumb, as on the leaves of a book.</cd> <i>Longfellow.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The dark spot over each foot in finely bred black
and tan terriers.</cd> -- <col><b>Thumb nut</b></col>, <cd>a nut for a
screw, having wings to grasp between the thumb and fingers in turning it;
also, a nut with a knurled rim for the same perpose.</cd> -- <col><b>Thumb
ring</b></col>, <cd>a ring worn on the thumb.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>Thumb stall</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of thimble or
ferrule of iron, or leather, for protecting the thumb in making sails, and
in other work.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>A buckskin
cushion worn on the thumb, and used to close the vent of a cannon while it
is sponged, or loaded.</cd> -- <col><b>Under one's thumb</b></col>,
<cd>completely under one's power or influence; in a condition of
subservience.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Thumb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Thumbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Thumbing</u> (?).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To handle awkwardly.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To play with the thumbs, or with the thumbs and
fingers; as, to <i>thumb</i> over a tune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To soil or wear with the thumb or the fingers;
to soil, or wear out, by frequent handling; also, to cover with the thumb;
as, to <i>thumb</i> the touch-hole of a cannon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gravely informed the enemy that all his cards had been
<i>thumbed</i> to pieces, and begged them to let him have a few more
packs.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thumb</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play with the thumb or
thumbs; to play clumsily; to thrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thumb"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The goldcrest.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Thumbed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having thumbs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soiled by handling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thumb"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument of
torture for compressing the thumb; a thumbscrew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thumb"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a thumb.</def>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thumb"screw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A screw having a flat-sided or knurled head, so that it may be turned
by the thumb and forefinger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old instrument of torture for compressing the
thumb by a screw; a thumbkin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thum"mie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The chiff-chaff.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Thum"mim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Heb., pl. of
<i>th&omacr;m</i> perfection.] <def>A mysterious part or decoration of the
breastplate of the Jewish high priest. See the note under
<u>Urim</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of imitative origin;
perhaps influenced by <i>dump</i>, v.t.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sound
made by the sudden fall or blow of a heavy body, as of a hammer, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The distant forge's swinging <i>thump</i>
profound.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With heavy <i>thump</i>, a lifeless lump,<BR>
They dropped down, one by one.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blow or knock, as with something blunt or
heavy; a heavy fall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The watchman gave so great a <i>thump</i> at my door, that I
awaked at the knock.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thump</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Thumped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Thumping</u>.]
<def>To strike or beat with something thick or heavy, or so as to cause a
dull sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These bastard Bretons; whom our hathers<BR>
Have in their own land beaten, bobbed, and <i>thumped</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give a thump or thumps;
to strike or fall with a heavy blow; to pound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A watchman at midnight <i>thumps</i> with his
pole.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thump"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
thumps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thump"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Heavy; large.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Thun"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&thorn;under</i>,
<i>&thorn;onder</i>, <i>&thorn;oner</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;unor</i>; akin to
<i>&thorn;unian</i> to stretch, to thunder, D. <i>donder</i> thunder, G.
<i>donner</i>, OHG. <i>donar</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;&omacr;rr</i> Thor, L.
<i>tonare</i> to thunder, <i>tonitrus</i> thunder, Gr. <grk>to`nos</grk> a
stretching, straining, Skr. <i>tan</i> to stretch. &radic;52. See
<u>Thin</u>, and cf. <u>Astonish</u>, <u>Detonate</u>, <u>Intone</u>,
<u>Thursday</u>, <u>Tone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sound which
follows a flash of lightning; the report of a discharge of atmospheric
electricity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The discharge of electricity; a
thunderbolt.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The revenging gods<BR>
'Gainst parricides did all their <i>thunders</i> bend.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any loud noise; as, the <i>thunder</i> of
cannon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An alarming or statrling threat or
denunciation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>thunders</i> of the Vatican could no longer strike
into the heart of princes.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Thunder pumper</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The croaker (<i>Haploidontus grunniens</i>).</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The American bittern or stake-driver.</cd> --
<col><b>Thunder rod</b></col>, <cd>a lightning rod.</cd> [R.] --
<col><b>Thunder snake</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The chicken, or milk, snake.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A small
reddish ground snake (<i>Carphophis, or Celuta, am&oelig;na</i>) native to
the Eastern United States; -- called also <i>worm snake</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Thunder tube</b></col>, <cd>a fulgurite. See
<u>Fulgurite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Thundered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Thundering</u>.] [AS. <i>&thorn;unrian</i>. See <u>Thunder</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To produce thunder; to sound,
rattle, or roar, as a discharge of atmospheric electricity; -- often used
impersonally; as, it <i>thundered</i> continuously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Canst thou <i>thunder</i> with a voice like
him?</blockquote> <i>Job xl. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To make a loud noise; esp. a heavy sound,
of some continuance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His dreadful voice no more<BR>
Would <i>thunder</i> in my ears.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter violent denunciation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To emit with noise and
terror; to utter vehemently; to publish, as a threat or
denunciation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oracles severe<BR>
Were daily <i>thundered</i> in our general's ear.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An archdeacon, as being a prelate, may <i>thunder</i> out an
ecclesiastical censure.</blockquote> <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An Australian insectivorous singing bird (<i>Pachycephala
gutturalis</i>). The male is conspicuously marked with black and yellow,
and has a black crescent on the breast. Called also <i>white-throated
thickhead</i>, <i>orange-breasted thrust</i>, <i>black-crowned thrush</i>,
<i>guttural thrush</i>, and <i>black-breasted flycatcher</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*bolt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A shaft of lightning; a brilliant stream of electricity passing from
one part of the heavens to another, or from the clouds to the
earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something resembling lightning in suddenness and
effectiveness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Scipios' worth, those <i>thunderbolts</i> of
war.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Vehement threatening or censure; especially,
ecclesiastical denunciation; fulmination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He severely threatens such with the <i>thunderbolt</i> of
excommunication.</blockquote> <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A belemnite, or
thunderstone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thunderbolt beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a long-
horned beetle (<i>Arhopalus fulminans</i>) whose larva bores in the trunk
of oak and chestnut trees. It is brownish and bluish-black, with W-shaped
whitish or silvery markings on the elytra.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*burst`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A burst of
thunder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*clap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp burst of
thunder; a sudden report of a discharge of atmospheric electricity.</def>
"<i>Thunderclaps</i> that make them quake."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When suddenly the <i>thunderclap</i> was heard.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*cloud`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cloud charged
with electricity, and producing lightning and thunder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who thunders; --
used especially as a translation of L. <i>tonans</i>, an epithet applied by
the Romans to several of their gods, esp. to Jupiter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That dreadful oath which binds the
<i>Thunderer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large European loach (<i>Misgurnus fossilis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rounded mass of
cloud, with shining white edges; a cumulus, -- often appearing before a
thunderstorm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Emitting thunder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Roll the <i>thundering</i> chariot o'er the
ground.</blockquote> <i>J. Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very great; -- often adverbially.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p>-- <wf>Thun"der*ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Thunder.</def>  <i>Rev.
iv. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without thunder or
noise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>thundrous</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Producing thunder.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How he before the <i>thunderous</i> throne doth
lie.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Making a noise like thunder; sounding loud and
deep; sonorous.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Thun"der*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Secure against
the effects of thunder or lightning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*show`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shower
accompanied with lightning and thunder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A thunderbolt, -- formerly believed to be a stone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear no more the lightning flash,<BR>
Nor the all-dreaded <i>thunderstone</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A belemnite. See
<u>Belemnite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*storm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A storm
accompanied with lightning and thunder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*strike`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Thunderstruck</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Thunderstruck</u>, <u>-strucken</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Thunderstriking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike,
blast, or injure by, or as by, lightning.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To astonish, or strike dumb, as with something
terrible; -- rarely used except in the past participle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>drove before him, <i>thunderstruck</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small, footless, burrowing, snakelike lizard (<i>Rhineura
Floridana</i>) allied to Amphisb&aelig;na, native of Florida; -- so called
because it leaves its burrows after a thundershower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thun"der*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accompanied with
thunder; thunderous.</def> [R.] "<i>Thundery</i> weather."
<i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thun"drous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thunderous;
sonorous.</def> "Scraps of <i>thunderous</i> epic."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thun"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
tunny.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Thurgh</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Through.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thurgh"fare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Thoroughfare.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This world is but a <i>thurghfare</i> full of
woe.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thu"ri*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>thuribulum</i>,
<i>turibulum</i>, from <i>thus</i>, <i>thuris</i>, or better <i>tus</i>,
<i>turis</i>, frankincense, fr. Gr. &?; a sacrifice, an offering, from &?;
to sacrifice.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A censer of metal, for burning
incense, having various forms, held in the hand or suspended by chains; --
used especially at mass, vespers, and other solemn services.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thu*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>thurifer</i>,
<i>turifer</i>; <i>thus</i> frankincense + <i>-ferre</i> to bear.]
<def>Producing or bearing frankincense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thu`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>thus</i>
incense + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make. See <u>-fy</u>.] <def>The act
of fuming with incense, or the act of burning incense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thu*rin"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Thuringia, a country in Germany, or its people.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A native, or inhabitant of Thuringia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thu*rin"gite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Thuringia</i>,
where it is found.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occurring as an
aggregation of minute scales having an olive-green color and pearly luster.
It is a hydrous silicate of aluminia and iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thurl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&thorn;yrel</i> a hole.
&radic;53. See <u>Thirl</u>, <u>Thrill</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
hole; an aperture.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A short
communication between adits in a mine.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
long adit in a coalpit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thurl</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Thrill</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut through; to pierce.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To cut through, as a partition
between one working and another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thurl"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Thurl</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thur"rok</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>&thorn;urruc</i> a
boat.] <def>The hold of a ship; a sink.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Small drops of water that enter through a little crevice
into the <i>thurrok</i> and into the bottom of a ship.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thurs"day</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&thorn;ursdei</i>,
<i>&thorn;orsday</i>, from the Scand. name <i>Thor</i> + E. <i>day</i>.
Icel. <i>&thorn;&omacr;rr</i> Thor, the god of thunder, is akin to AS.
<i>&thorn;unor</i> thunder; D. <i>Donderdag</i> Thursday, G.
<i>Donnerstag</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;&omacr;rsdagr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>Torsdag</i>. &radic;52. See <u>Thor</u>, <u>Thunder</u>, and
<u>Day</u>.] <def>The fifth day of the week, following Wednesday and
preceding Friday.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Holy Thursday</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Holy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thurst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Coal Mining)</i> <def>The
ruins of the fallen roof resulting from the removal of the pillars and
stalls.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Thus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>thus</i>, better
<i>tus</i>, frankincense. See <u>Thurible</u>.] <def>The commoner kind of
frankincense, or that obtained from the Norway spruce, the long-leaved
pine, and other conifers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thus</hw> (&thlig;us), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thus</i>, AS.
<i>&eth;us</i>; akin to OFries. &amp; OS. <i>thus</i>, D. <i>dus</i>, and E.
<i>that</i>; cf. OHG. <i>sus</i>. See <u>That</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In this or that manner; on this wise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Thus</i> did Noah; according to all that God commanded
him, so did he.</blockquote> <i>Gen. vi. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Thus</i> God the heaven created, <i>thus</i> the
earth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To this degree or extent; so far; so; as,
<i>thus</i> wise; <i>thus</i> peaceble; <i>thus</i> bold.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Thus</i> far extend, <i>thus</i> far thy
bounds.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thus"sock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tussock</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Thu"ya</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Thuja</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thu"yin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
substance extracted from trees of the genus <i>Thuja</i>, or <i>Thuya</i>,
and probably identical with quercitrin.</def> [Written also
<i>thujin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Thwack</hw> (thw&abreve;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Thwacked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Thwacking</u>.] [Cf. OE. <i>thakken</i> to stroke, AS.
<i>&thorn;accian</i>, E. <i>whack</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike
with something flat or heavy; to bang, or thrash: to thump.</def> "A
distant <i>thwacking</i> sound."  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fill to overflow.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Stanyhurst.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thwack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A heavy blow with something
flat or heavy; a thump.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With many a stiff <i>thwack</i>, many a bang,<BR>
Hard crab tree and old iron rang.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thwaite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
twaite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thwaite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. Icel. <i>&thorn;veit</i> a
piece of land, fr. <i>&thorn;v&imacr;ta</i> to cut. See <u>Thwite</u>, and
cf. <u>Doit</u>, and <u>Twaite</u> land cleared of woods.] <def>Forest land
cleared, and converted to tillage; an assart.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Thwaite</i> occurs in composition as the last element in many
names of places in the north of England; as, in Ros<i>thwaite</i>,
Stone<i>thwaite</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Thwart</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&thorn;wart</i>,
<i>&thorn;wert</i>, a. and adv., Icel. <i>&thorn;vert</i>, neut. of
<i>&thorn;verr</i> athwart, transverse, across; akin to AS.
<i>&thorn;weorh</i> perverse, transverse, cross, D. <i>dwars</i>, OHG.
<i>dwerah</i>, <i>twerh</i>, G. <i>zwerch</i>, <i>quer</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>tver</i> athwart, transverse, Sw. <i>tv&auml;r</i> cross, unfriendly,
Goth. <i>&thorn;wa&iacute;rhs</i> angry.  Cf. <u>Queer</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Situated or placed across something else;
transverse; oblique.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moved contrary with <i>thwart</i> obliquities.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Perverse; crossgrained.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thwart</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Thwart</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Thwartly; obliquely; transversely;
athwart.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thwart</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Across; athwart.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Thwart ships</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Athwart ships</i>, under
<u>Athwart</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thwart</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A seat in an
open boat reaching from one side to the other, or athwart the
boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thwart</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Thwarted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Thwarting</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move across or counter to; to cross; as, an
arrow <i>thwarts</i> the air.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Swift as a shooting star<BR>
In autumn <i>thwarts</i> the night.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cross, as a purpose; to oppose; to run
counter to; to contravene; hence, to frustrate or defeat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If crooked fortune had not <i>thwarted</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The proposals of the one never <i>thwarted</i> the
inclinations of the other.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thwart</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move
or go in an oblique or crosswise manner.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to be in opposition; to clash.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Any proposition . . . that shall at all <i>thwart</i> with
internal <i>oracles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thwart"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
disease in sheep, indicated by shaking, trembling, or convulsive
motions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thwart"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a thwarting or
obstructing manner; so as to thwart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thwart"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Transversely;
obliquely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thwart"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being thwart; obliquity; perverseness.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1506 !></p>

<p><hw>Thwite</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>&thorn;w&imacr;tan</i>. See <u>Whittle</u>, and cf. <u>Thwaite</u> a
piece of land.] <def>To cut or clip with a knife; to whittle.</def> [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thwit"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Thwite</u>, and
<u>Whittle</u>.] <def>To cut or whittle.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thwit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small knife; a
whittle.</def> [Written also <i>thwitel</i>.] [Obs.] "A Sheffield
<i>thwittle</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thi</i>, shortened
from <i>thin</i>. See <u>Thine</u>, <u>Thou</u>.] <def>Of thee, or
belonging to thee; the more common form of <i>thine</i>, possessive case of
<i>thou</i>; -- used always attributively, and chiefly in the solemn or
grave style, and in poetry. <i>Thine</i> is used in the predicate; as, the
knife is <i>thine</i>. See <u>Thine</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our father which art in heaven, Hallowed be <i>thy</i> name.
<i>Thy</i> kingdom come. <i>Thy</i> will be done.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vi.
9,10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These are <i>thy</i> glorious works, Parent of
good.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thy"ine wood`</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; &?;, fr. &?;, adj., pertaining to
the tree &?; or &?;, an African tree with sweet-smelling wood.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fragrant and beautiful wood of a North African tree
(<i>Callitris quadrivalvis</i>), formerly called <i>Thuja articulata</i>.
The tree is of the Cedar family, and furnishes a balsamic resin called
<i>sandarach</i>.</def>  <i>Rev. xviii. 12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thy"la*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a sack.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The zebra wolf. See under <u>Wolf</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thym"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
compound of thymol analogous to a salt; as, sodium
<i>thymate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thyme</hw> (t&imacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tyme</i>, L.
<i>thymum</i>, Gr. <grk>qy`mon</grk>, <grk>qy`mos</grk>; cf.
<grk>qy`ein</grk>, to sacrifice, <grk>qy`os</grk> a sacrifice, offering,
incense: cf. F. <i>thym</i>; -- perhaps so named because of its sweet
smell.  Cf. <u>Fume</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant
of the labiate genus <i>Thymus</i>. The garden thyme (<i>Thymus
vulgaris</i>) is a warm, pungent aromatic, much used to give a relish to
seasoning and soups.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ankle deep in moss and flowery <i>thyme</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cat thyme</b></col>, <cd>a labiate plant (<i>Teucrium Marum</i>)
of the Mediterranean religion. Cats are said to be fond of rolling on
it.</cd> <i>J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).</i> -- <col><b>Wild
thyme</b></col>, <cd><i>Thymus Serpyllum</i>, common on banks and hillsides
in Europe.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I know a bank where the <i>wild thyme</i>
blows.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thym"ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid
terpene obtained from oil of thyme.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thym"i*a*tech`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; incense +
<grk>te`chnh</grk> art.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The art of employing perfumes
in medicine.</def> [R.]  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thym"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the thymus gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thy"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med. Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, thyme; as, <i>thymic</i>
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thym"ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thym</i>e + <i>-ol</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A phenol derivative of cymene,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>13</sub>.OH, isomeric with carvacrol, found in oil of
thyme, and extracted as a white crystalline substance of a pleasant
aromatic odor and strong antiseptic properties; -- called also <i>hydroxy
cymene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Thy"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>qy`mos</grk>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating,
the thymus gland.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The thymus
gland.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thymus gland</b></col>, or <col><b>Thymus body</b></col>, <cd>a
ductless gland in the throat, or in the neighboring region, of nearly all
vertebrates. In man and other mammals it is the throat, or neck,
sweetbread, which lies in the upper part of the thorax and lower part of
the throat. It is largest in fetal and early life, and disappears or
becomes rudimentary in the adult.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thym"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with thyme;
fragrant; as, a <i>thymy</i> vale.</def>  <i>Akenside.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where'er a <i>thymy</i> bank he found,<BR>
He rolled upon the fragrant ground.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thy"ro-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to indicate
<i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the thyroid body</i> or
<i>the thyroid cartilage</i>; as, <i>thyro</i>hyal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thy`ro*a*ryt"e*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to both the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages of the
larynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thy`ro*hy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One
of the lower segments in the hyoid arch, often consolidated with the body
of the hyoid bone and forming one of its great horns, as in man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thy`ro*hy"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the thyroid cartilage of the larynx and the hyoid
arch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thy"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; shield-shaped; &?;
a large, oblong shield (from &?; a door) + &?; form: cf. F.
<i>thyro&iuml;de</i>, <i>thyr&eacute;o&iuml;de</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Shaped like an oblong shield; shield-shaped; as, the <i>thyroid</i>
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the thyroid
body, thyroid cartilage, or thyroid artery; thyroideal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Thyroid cartilage</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Larynx</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Thyroid body</b></col>, or <col><b>Thyroid gland</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a glandlike but ductless body, or pair of bodies, of
unknown function, in the floor of the mouth or the region of the larynx. In
man and most mammals it is a highly vascular organ, partly surrounding the
base of the larynx and the upper part of the trachea.</cd> --
<col><b>Thyroid dislocation</b></col> <i>(Surg.)</i>, <cd>dislocation of
the thigh bone into the thyroid foramen.</cd> -- <col><b>Thyroid
foramen</b></col>, <cd>the obturator foramen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Thy*roid"e*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Thyroid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thy*rot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Thyro-</i> + Gr. &?;
to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation of cutting into the thyroid
cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thyrse</hw> (th&etilde;rs), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>thyrse</i>.] <def>A thyrsus.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Thyr"soid</hw> (th&etilde;r"soid), <hw>Thyr*soid"al</hw>
(th&etilde;r*soid"<i>a</i>l), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; thyrsus
+ &?; form, shape: cf. F. <i>thyrso&iuml;de</i>.] <def>Having somewhat the
form of a thyrsus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Thyr"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Thyrsi</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>Torso</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A staff entwined with ivy, and surmounted by a pine
cone, or by a bunch of vine or ivy leaves with grapes or berries. It is an
attribute of Bacchus, and of the satyrs and others engaging in Bacchic
rites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A good to grow on graves<BR>
As twist about a <i>thyrsus</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In my hand I bear<BR>
The <i>thyrsus</i>, tipped with fragrant cones of pine.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of inflorescence; a
dense panicle, as in the lilac and horse-chestnut.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Thy`sa*nop"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Thysanoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Thy`sa*nop"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; a fringe + &?; a wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of insects,
considered by some writers a distinct order, but regarded by others as
belonging to the Hemiptera. They are all of small size, and have narrow,
broadly fringed wings with rudimentary nervures. Most of the species feed
upon the juices of plants, and some, as those which attack grain, are very
injurious to crops. Called also <i>Physopoda</i>.  See
<u>Thrips</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thy`sa*nop"ter*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Thysanoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thy`sa*nop"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Thysanoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Thys`a*nu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
fringe + &?; tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of wingless hexapod
insects which have setiform caudal appendages, either bent beneath the body
to form a spring, or projecting as bristles. It comprises the Cinura, or
bristletails, and the Collembola, or springtails. Called also
<i>Thysanoura</i>. See <u>Lepisma</u>, and <u>Podura</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thys`a*nu"ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Thysanura. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thys`a*nu"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Thysanura.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thys"be</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>Thisbe</i>
maiden beloved by Pyramus, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A common
clearwing moth (<i>Hemaris thysbe</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Thy*self"</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>An emphasized form
of the personal pronoun of the second person; -- used as a subject commonly
with <i>thou</i>; as, thou <i>thyself</i> shalt go; that is, thou shalt go,
and no other. It is sometimes used, especially in the predicate, without
<i>thou</i>, and in the nominative as well as in the objective
case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Thyself</i> shalt see the act.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ere I do thee, thou to <i>thyself</i> wast
cruel.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tiare</i>. See
<u>Tiara</u>.] <def>A tiara.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Milton. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti*a"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr. &?;, &?;; of
Persian origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A form of headdress worn by the
ancient Persians. According to Xenophon, the royal tiara was encircled with
a diadem, and was high and erect, while those of the people were flexible,
or had rims turned over.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The pope's triple crown. It was at first a
round, high cap, but was afterward encompassed with a crown, subsequently
with a second, and finally with a third. Fig.: The papal dignity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti*a"raed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adorned with, or
wearing, a tiara.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tib"-cat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female cat.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tib"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tibi&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The inner, or preaxial, and usually the larger, of the two bones of
the leg or hind limb below the knee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fourth joint of the leg
of an insect. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Coleoptera</u>, and under
<u>Hexapoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A musical instrument of the
flute kind, originally made of the leg bone of an animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tib"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tibialis</i>, fr.
<i>tibia</i> the shin bone; also, a pipe or flute, originally made of a
bone: cf. F. <i>tibial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
tibia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a pipe or flute.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tibial spur</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a spine
frequently borne on the tibia of insects. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Coleoptera</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tib"i*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A tibial
bone; a tibiale.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tib`i*a"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tibialia</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The bone or
cartilage of the tarsus which articulates with the tibia and corresponds to
a part of the astragalus in man and most mammals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti*bic"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tibicinare</i>.] <def>To play on a tibia, or pipe.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tib"i*o-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to indicate
<i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the tibia</i>; as,
<i>tibio</i>tarsus, <i>tibio</i>fibular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tib`i*o*tar"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to both to the tibia and the
tarsus; as, the <i>tibiotarsal</i> articulation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Of or pertaining to the tibiotarsus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tib`i*o*tar"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tibiotarsi</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The large bone
between the femur and tarsometatarsus in the leg of a bird. It is formed by
the union of the proximal part of the tarsus with the tibia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tib"rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
pollack.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A local
and habitual convulsive motion of certain muscles; especially, such a
motion of some of the muscles of the face; twitching; velication; -- called
also <i>spasmodic tic</i>.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tic douloureux</b></col> (&?;). [F., fr. <i>tic</i> a knack, a
twitching + <i>douloureux</i> painful.] <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>Neuralgia in the
face; face ague. See under <u>Face</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ti*cal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bean-shaped coin of Siam, worth about sixty cents; also, a weight equal to
236 grains troy.</def>  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A money of account in China, reckoning at about
$1.60; also, a weight of about four ounces avoirdupois.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of
<i>entice</i>.] <def>To entice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>The Coronation.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tice</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A ball bowled
to strike the ground about a bat's length in front of the wicket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tice"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Enticement.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tich"or*rhine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a wall + &?;,
&?;, the nose.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A fossil rhinoceros with a vertical
bony medial septum supporting the nose; the hairy rhinoceros.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from <i>ticket</i>.]
<def>Credit; trust; as, to buy on, or upon, <i>tick</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tick</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go on
trust, or credit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give tick; to trust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tike</i>, <i>teke</i>; akin
to D. <i>teek</i>, G. <i>zecke</i>.  Cf. <u>Tike</u> a tick.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of numerous species of
large parasitic mites which attach themselves to, and suck the blood of,
cattle, dogs, and many other animals. When filled with blood they become
ovate, much swollen, and usually livid red in color. Some of the species
often attach themselves to the human body. The young are active and have at
first but six legs.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several
species of dipterous insects having a flattened and usually wingless body,
as the bird ticks (see under <u>Bird</u>) and sheep tick (see under
<u>Sheep</u>).</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tick bean</b></col>, <cd>a small bean used for feeding horses
and other animals.</cd> -- <col><b>Tick trefoil</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a name given to many plants of the leguminous genus <i>Desmodium</i>,
which have trifoliate leaves, and joined pods roughened with minute hooked
hairs by which the joints adhere to clothing and to the fleece of
sheep.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>techa</i>, <i>teca</i>, L.
<i>theca</i> case, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to put. See <u>Thesis</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The cover, or case, of a bed, mattress, etc., which
contains the straw, feathers, hair, or other filling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ticking. See <u>Ticking</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Tick</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Ticked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Ticking</u>.]
[Probably of imitative origin; cf. D. <i>tikken</i>, LG. <i>ticken</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a small or repeating noise by beating or
otherwise, as a watch does; to beat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike gently; to pat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stand not <i>ticking</i> and toying at the
branches.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quick,
audible beat, as of a clock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any small mark intended to direct attention to
something, or to serve as a check.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The whinchat; -- so called
from its note.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Death tick</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Deathwatch</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tick</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To check off by means of a
tick or any small mark; to score.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When I had got all my responsibilities down upon my list, I
compared each with the bill and <i>ticked</i> it off.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tick"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ticking</u>.</def> [R.]  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tick</u>.] <def>One
who, or that which, ticks, or produces a ticking sound, as a watch or
clock, a telegraphic sounder, etc.</def></p>

<p>
</p>

<p><hw>Tick"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>&eacute;tiquette</i> a
label, ticket, fr. OF. <i>estiquette</i>, or OF. <i>etiquet</i>,
<i>estiquet</i>; both of Teutonic origin, and akin to E. <i>stick</i>. See
<u>Stick</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Etiquette</u>, <u>Tick</u> credit.] <def>A small piece of paper,
cardboard, or the like, serving as a notice, certificate, or distinguishing
token of something.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A little note or notice.</def> [Obs. or
Local]</p>

<p><blockquote>He constantly read his lectures twice a week for above forty
years, giving notice of the time to his auditors in a <i>ticket</i> on the
school doors.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tradesman's bill or account.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>&fist; Hence the phrase <i>on ticket</i>, on account; whence, by
abbreviation, came the phrase <i>on tick</i>. See 1st <u>Tick</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Your courtier is mad to take up silks and velvets<BR>
<i>On ticket</i> for his mistress.</blockquote> <i>J. Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A certificate or token of right of admission to
a place of assembly, or of passage in a public conveyance; as, a theater
<i>ticket</i>; a railroad or steamboat <i>ticket</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A label to show the character or price of
goods.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A certificate or token of a share in a lottery
or other scheme for distributing money, goods, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Politics)</i> <def>A printed list of candidates
to be voted for at an election; a set of nominations by one party for
election; a ballot.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The old <i>ticket</i> forever! We have it by thirty-four
votes.</blockquote> <i>Sarah Franklin (1766).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Scratched ticket</b></col>, <cd>a ticket from which the names of
one or more of the candidates are scratched out.</cd> -- <col><b>Split
ticket</b></col>, <cd>a ticket representing different divisions of a party,
or containing candidates selected from two or more parties.</cd> --
<col><b>Straight ticket</b></col>, <cd>a ticket containing the regular
nominations of a party, without change.</cd> -- <col><b>Ticket
day</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>the day before the settling or pay day on
the stock exchange, when the names of the actual purchasers are rendered in
by one stockbroker to another.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Simmonds.</i> --
<col><b>Ticket of leave</b></col>, <cd>a license or permit given to a
convict, or prisoner of the crown, to go at large, and to labor for himself
before the expiration of his sentence, subject to certain specific
conditions.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Simmonds.</i> -- <col><b>Ticket
porter</b></col>, <cd>a licensed porter wearing a badge by which he may be
identified.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tick"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ticketed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ticketing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To distinguish by a ticket; to
put a ticket on; as, to <i>ticket</i> goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a tickets; to book; as, to
<i>ticket</i> passengers to California.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tick"et*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A periodical sale of ore
in the English mining districts; -- so called from the tickets upon which
are written the bids of the buyers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tick"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Tick</u> a bed
cover.  Cf. <u>Ticken</u>.] <def>A strong, closely woven linen or cotton
fabric, of which ticks for beds are made. It is usually twilled, and woven
in stripes of different colors, as white and blue; -- called also
<i>ticken</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1507 !></p>

<p><hw>Tic"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tickled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tickling</u> (?).] [Perhaps freq. of <i>tick</i> to beat; pat; but cf.
also AS. <i>citelian</i> to tickle, D. <i>kittelen</i>, G. <i>kitzlen</i>,
OHG. <i>chizzil&omacr;n</i>, <i>chuzzil&omacr;n</i>, Icel. <i>kitla</i>.
Cf. <u>Kittle</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
touch lightly, so as to produce a peculiar thrilling sensation, which
commonly causes laughter, and a kind of spasm which become dengerous if too
long protracted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you <i>tickle</i> us, do we not laugh?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To please; to gratify; to make joyous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pleased with a rattle, <i>tickled</i> with a
straw.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such a nature<BR>
<i>Tickled</i> with good success, disdains the shadow<BR>
Which he treads on at noon.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tic"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
feel titillation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He with secret joy therefore<BR>
Did <i>tickle</i> inwardly in every vein.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excite the sensation of titillation.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tic"kle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Ticklish;
easily tickled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liable to change; uncertain; inconstant.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The world is now full <i>tickle</i>, sikerly.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>tickle</i> is the state of earthy things.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wavering, or liable to waver and fall at the
slightest touch; unstable; easily overthrown.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy head stands so <i>tickle</i> on thy shoulders, that a
milkmaid, if she be in love, may sigh it off.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tic"kle-foot`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uncertain;
inconstant; slippery.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tick"len*burg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A coarse, mixed
linen fabric made to be sold in the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tic"kle*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unsteadiness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For hoard hath hate, and climbing
<i>tickleness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tic"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, tickles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something puzzling or difficult.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A book containing a memorandum of notes and
debts arranged in the order of their maturity.</def> [Com. Cant, U. S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A prong used by coopers to extract bungs from
casks.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tic"klish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sensible to slight touches; easily tickled; as, the sole of the foot
is very <i>ticklish</i>; the hardened palm of the hand is not
<i>ticklish</i>.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Standing so as to be liable to totter and fall
at the slightest touch; unfixed; easily affected; unstable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can any man with comfort lodge in a condition so dismally
<i>ticklish</i>?</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Difficult; nice; critical; as, a <i>ticklish</i>
business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Surely princes had need, in tender matters and
<i>ticklish</i> times, to beware what they say.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Tic"klish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tic"klish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tick"seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tick</i> the insect +
<i>seed</i>; cf. G. <i>wanzensamen</i>, literally, bug seed.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A seed or fruit resembling in shape an insect, as
that of certain plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as
<u>Coreopsis</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any plant of the genus
<i>Corispermum</i>, plants of the Goosefoot family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tick"tack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tick</u> to beat,
to pat, and (for sense 2) cf. <u>Tricktrack</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
noise like that made by a clock or a watch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of backgammon played both with men and
pegs; tricktrack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A game at <i>ticktack</i> with words.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tick"tack`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a ticking noise,
like that of a watch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tic`po*lon"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very venomous viper (<i>Daboia Russellii</i>),
native of Ceylon and India; -- called also <i>cobra monil</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>tedre</i>,
<i>tydere</i>, weak, tender.] <def>Tender; soft; nice; -- now only used in
<i>tid</i>bit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
tides; caused by tides; having tides; periodically rising and falling, or
following and ebbing; as, <i>tidal</i> waters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tidal</i> wave of deeper souls<BR>
Into our inmost being rolls,<BR>
And lifts us unawares<BR>
Out of all meaner cares.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tidal air</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the air which passes
in and out of the lungs in ordinary breathing. It varies from twenty to
thirty cubic inches.</cd> -- <col><b>Tidal basin</b></col>, <cd>a dock that
is filled at the rising of the tide.</cd> -- <col><b>Tidal wave</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>Tide wave</i>, under <u>Tide</u>.  Cf. 4th
<u>Bore</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A vast, swift wave caused by an
earthquake or some extraordinary combination of natural causes. It rises
far above high-water mark and is often very destructive upon low-lying
coasts.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Tid"bit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tid</i> + <i>bit</i>.]
<def>A delicate or tender piece of anything eatable; a delicious
morsel.</def> [Written also <i>titbit</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tid"de</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Tide</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tid"der</hw> (?), <hw>Tid"dle</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Cf. AS. <i>tyderian</i> to grow tender. See <u>Tid</u>.] <def>To use with
tenderness; to fondle.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>t&imacr;d</i> time; akin
to OS. &amp; OFries. <i>t&imacr;d</i>, D. <i>tijd</i>, G. <i>zeit</i>, OHG.
<i>z&imacr;t</i>, Icel. <i>t&imacr;&?;</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>tid</i>, and
probably to Skr. <i>aditi</i> unlimited, endless, where <i>a-</i> is a
negative prefix. &radic;58.  Cf. <u>Tidings</u>, <u>Tidy</u>, <u>Till</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos>, <u>Time</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Time;
period; season.</def> [Obsoles.] "This lusty summer's <i>tide</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And rest their weary limbs a <i>tide</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which, at the appointed <i>tide</i>,<BR>
Each one did make his bride.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At the <i>tide</i> of Christ his birth.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The alternate rising and falling of the waters
of the ocean, and of bays, rivers, etc., connected therewith. The tide ebbs
and flows twice in each lunar day, or the space of a little more than
twenty-four hours. It is occasioned by the attraction of the sun and moon
(the influence of the latter being three times that of the former), acting
unequally on the waters in different parts of the earth, thus disturbing
their equilibrium. A high tide upon one side of the earth is accompanied by
a high tide upon the opposite side. Hence, when the sun and moon are in
conjunction or opposition, as at new moon and full moon, their action is
such as to produce a greater than the usual tide, called the <i>spring
tide</i>, as represented in the cut. When the moon is in the first or third
quarter, the sun's attraction in part counteracts the effect of the moon's
attraction, thus producing under the moon a smaller tide than usual, called
the <i>neap tide</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The flow or rising of the water is called <i>flood tide</i>, and
the reflux, <i>ebb tide</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stream; current; flood; as, a <i>tide</i> of
blood.</def> "Let in the <i>tide</i> of knaves once more; my cook and I'll
provide."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Tendency or direction of causes, influences, or
events; course; current.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>tide</i> in the affairs of men,<BR>
Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Violent confluence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The period of twelve
hours.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Atmospheric tides</b></col>, <cd>tidal movements of the
atmosphere similar to those of the ocean, and produced in the same manner
by the attractive forces of the sun and moon.</cd> -- <col><b>Inferior
tide</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Inferior</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>To work double tides</b></col>. See under <u>Work</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Tide day</b></col>, <cd>the interval between the
occurrences of two consecutive maxima of the resultant wave at the same
place. Its length varies as the components of sun and moon waves approach
to, or recede from, one another. A retardation from this cause is called
the <i>lagging</i> of the tide, while the acceleration of the recurrence of
high water is termed the <i>priming</i> of the tide. See <i>Lag of the
tide</i>, under 2d <u>Lag</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tide dial</b></col>, <cd>a
dial to exhibit the state of the tides at any time.</cd> -- <col><b>Tide
gate</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An opening through which water may
flow freely when the tide sets in one direction, but which closes
automatically and prevents the water from flowing in the other
direction.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>A place where the
tide runs with great velocity, as through a gate.</cd> -- <col><b>Tide
gauge</b></col>, <cd>a gauge for showing the height of the tide;
especially, a contrivance for registering the state of the tide
continuously at every instant of time.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> --
<col><b>Tide lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock situated between an inclosed basin,
or a canal, and the tide water of a harbor or river, when they are on
different levels, so that craft can pass either way at all times of the
tide; -- called also <i>guard lock</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tide
mill</b></col>. <i>(a)</i> <cd>A mill operated by the tidal currents.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A mill for clearing lands from tide water.</cd> --
<col><b>Tide rip</b></col>, <cd>a body of water made rough by the conflict
of opposing tides or currents.</cd> -- <col><b>Tide table</b></col>, <cd>a
table giving the time of the rise and fall of the tide at any place.</cd> -
- <col><b>Tide water</b></col>, <cd>water affected by the flow of the tide;
hence, broadly, the seaboard.</cd> -- <col><b>Tide wave</b></col>, or
<col><b>Tidal wave</b></col>, <cd>the swell of water as the tide moves.
That of the ocean is called <i>primitive</i>; that of bays or channels
<i>derivative</i>.</cd> <i>Whewell.</i> -- <col><b>Tide wheel</b></col>,
<cd>a water wheel so constructed as to be moved by the ebb or flow of the
tide.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tide</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to float with
the tide; to drive or carry with the tide or stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are <i>tided</i> down the stream.</blockquote>
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tide</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>t&imacr;dan</i> to
happen. See <u>Tide</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
betide; to happen.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>What should us <i>tide</i> of this new law?</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pour a tide or flood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To work into or out of a river or
harbor by drifting with the tide and anchoring when it becomes
adverse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tid"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected by the tide;
having a tide.</def> "The <i>tided</i> Thames."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tide"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no tide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tide"-rode`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Swung
by the tide when at anchor; -- opposed to <i>wind-rode</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tides"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tidesmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A customhouse officer who goes on
board of a merchant ship to secure payment of the duties; a
tidewaiter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tide"wait`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A customhouse
officer who watches the landing of goods from merchant vessels, in order to
secure payment of duties.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tide"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Channel in which the
tide sets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tid"ife</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The blue titmouse.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; The "tidif" mentioned in Chaucer is by some supposed to be the
titmouse, by others the wren.</p>

<p><hw>Ti"di*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tidy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"di*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being tidy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tidings.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti"dings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tidinge</i>,
<i>ti&?;inge</i>, <i>tidinde</i>, from or influenced by Icel.
<i>t&imacr;&?;indi</i>; akin to Dan. <i>tidende</i>, Sw. <i>tidning</i>, G.
<i>zeung</i>, AS. <i>t&imacr;dan</i> to happen, E. be<i>tide</i>,
<i>tide</i>. See <u>Tide</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Account of what has taken place, and was not
before known; news.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall make my master glad with these
<i>tidings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Full well the busy whisper, circling round,<BR>
Conveyed the dismal <i>tidings</i> when he frowned.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Although <i>tidings</i> is plural in form, it has been used also
as a singular. By Shakespeare it was used indiscriminately as a singular or
plural.</p>

<p><blockquote>Now near the <i>tidings</i> of our comfort is.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tidings</i> to the contrary<BR>
Are brought your eyes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- News; advice; information; intelligence.  --
<u>Tidings</u>, <u>News</u>. The term <i>news</i> denotes recent
intelligence from any quarter; the term <i>tidings</i> denotes intelligence
expected from a particular quarter, showing what has there <i>betided</i>.
We may be indifferent as to <i>news</i>, but are always more or less
interested in <i>tidings</i>. We read the <i>news</i> daily; we wait for
<i>tidings</i> respecting an absent friend or an impending battle. We may
be curious to hear the <i>news</i>; we are always anxious for
<i>tidings</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Evil <i>news</i> rides post, while good <i>news</i>
baits.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>tidings</i> dost thou bring?</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tid"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The wren.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
goldcrest.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tid*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tide</i> + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>A discourse or treatise upon the tides; that part of
science which treats of tides.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
wren; -- called also <i>tiddy</i>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tidy</i> for her notes as delicate as
they.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This name is probably applied also to other small singing birds,
as the goldcrest.</p>

<p><hw>Ti"dy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Tidier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Tidiest</u>.] [From
<u>Tide</u> time, season; cf. D. <i>tijdig</i> timely, G. <i>zeitig</i>,
Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>tidig</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being in proper time;
timely; seasonable; favorable; as, <i>tidy</i> weather.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If weather be fair and <i>tidy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Arranged in good order; orderly; appropriate;
neat; kept in proper and becoming neatness, or habitually keeping things
so; as, a <i>tidy</i> lass; their dress is <i>tidy</i>; the apartments are
well furnished and <i>tidy</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>tidy</i> man, that tened [injured] me
never.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti"dy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tidies</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cover, often of
tatting, drawn work, or other ornamental work, for the back of a chair, the
arms of a sofa, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A child's pinafore.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti"dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tidied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tidying</u>.]
<def>To put in proper order; to make neat; as, to <i>tidy</i> a room; to
<i>tidy</i> one's dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make things tidy.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>tidied</i> and <i>tidied</i> over and over
again.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti"dy*tips`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
California composite plant (<i>Layia platyglossa</i>), the flower of which
has yellow rays tipped with white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ties</b></plw> (#). [AS. <i>t&emacr;ge</i>, <i>t&?;ge</i>,
<i>t&imacr;ge</i>. &radic;64. See <u>Tie</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A knot; a fastening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bond; an obligation, moral or legal; as, the
sacred <i>ties</i> of friendship or of duty; the <i>ties</i> of
allegiance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No distance breaks the <i>tie</i> of blood.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A knot of hair, as at the back of a wig.</def>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An equality in numbers, as of votes, scores,
etc., which prevents either party from being victorious; equality in any
contest, as a race.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch. &amp; Engin.)</i> <def>A beam or rod for
holding two parts together; in railways, one of the transverse timbers
which support the track and keep it in place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A line, usually straight, drawn
across the stems of notes, or a curved line written over or under the
notes, signifying that they are to be slurred, or closely united in the
performance, or that two notes of the same pitch are to be sounded as one;
a bind; a ligature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Low shoes fastened with
lacings.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bale tie</b></col>, <cd>a fastening for the ends of a hoop for a
bale.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tie</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tied</u> (?) (Obs. <u>Tight</u> (&?;)); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Tying</u> (?).] [OE. <i>ti&?;en</i>, <i>teyen</i>, AS.
<i>t&imacr;gan</i>, <i>ti&eacute;gan</i>, fr. <i>te&aacute;g</i>,
<i>te&aacute;h</i>, a rope; akin to Icel. <i>taug</i>, and AS.
<i>te&oacute;n</i> to draw, to pull. See <u>Tug</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Tow</u> to drag.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
fasten with a band or cord and knot; to bind.</def> "<i>Tie</i> the kine to
the cart."  <i>1 Sam. vi. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My son, keep thy father's commandment, and forsake not the
law of thy mother: bind them continually upon thine heart, and <i>tie</i>
them about thy neck.</blockquote> <i>Prov. vi. 20,21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form, as a knot, by interlacing or
complicating a cord; also, to interlace, or form a knot in; as, to
<i>tie</i> a cord to a tree; to knit; to knot.</def> "We do not <i>tie</i>
this knot with an intention to puzzle the argument."  <i>Bp.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To unite firmly; to fasten; to hold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In bond of virtuous love together <i>tied</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hold or constrain by authority or moral
influence, as by knotted cords; to oblige; to constrain; to restrain; to
confine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>tied</i> to rules of policy, you find<BR>
Revenge less sweet than a forgiving mind.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To unite, as notes, by a cross
line, or by a curved line, or slur, drawn over or under them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To make an equal score with, in a contest; to be
even with.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To ride and tie</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ride</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To tie down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To fasten so as to
prevent from rising.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To restrain; to confine;
to hinder from action.</cd> -- <col><b>To tie up</b></col>, <cd>to confine;
to restrain; to hinder from motion or action.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tie</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a tie; to make an
equal score.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tie"bar`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A flat bar used as a
tie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tie"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A beam
acting as a tie, as at the bottom of a pair of principal rafters, to
prevent them from thrusting out the wall. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<i>Timbers</i>, under <u>Roof</u>.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
ties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tire</u> a headdress.]
<def>A chold's apron covering the upper part of the body, and tied with
tape or cord; a pinafore.</def> [Written also <i>tire</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps fr. OF. <i>tire</i>, F.
<i>tire</i>; probably of Teutonic origin; cf. OHG. <i>ziar&imacr;</i>
ornament, G. <i>zier</i>, AS. <i>t&imacr;r</i> glory, <i>ti&eacute;r</i>
row, rank. But cf. also F. <i>tirer</i> to draw, pull; of Teutonic origin.
Cf. <u>Attire</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Tire</u> a headdress, but
also <u>Tirade</u>.] <def>A row or rank, especially one of two or more rows
placed one above, or higher than, another; as, a <i>tier</i> of seats in a
theater.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tiers of a cable</b></col>, <cd>the ranges of fakes, or
windings, of a cable, laid one within another when coiled.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tierce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tierce</i> a third,
from <i>tiers</i>, <i>tierce</i>, third, fr. L. <i>tertius</i> the third;
akin to <i>tres</i> three. See <u>Third</u>, <u>Three</u>, and cf.
<u>Terce</u>, <u>Tercet</u>, <u>Tertiary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
cask whose content is one third of a pipe; that is, forty-two wine gallons;
also, a liquid measure of forty-two wine, or thirty-five imperial,
gallons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cask larger than a barrel, and smaller than a
hogshead or a puncheon, in which salt provisions, rice, etc., are packed
for shipment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The third tone of the scale. See
<u>Mediant</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sequence of three playing cards of the same
suit. Tierce of ace, king, queen, is called <i>tierce-major</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Fencing)</i> <def>A position in thrusting or
parrying in which the wrist and nails are turned downward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The third hour of the day, or
nine <u>a. m,</u>; one of the canonical hours; also, the service appointed
for that hour.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1508 !></p>

<p><hw>Tier*c&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Divided into three equal parts of three different tinctures; -- said
of an escutcheon.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tier"cel</hw> (?), <hw>Tierce"let</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>tercel</i>, <i>tercelet</i>, F. <i>tiercelet</i>, a dim. of
(assumed) <i>tiercel</i>, or LL. <i>tertiolus</i>, dim. fr. L.
<i>tertius</i> the third; -- so called, according to some, because every
third bird in the nest is a male, or, according to others, because the male
is the third part less than female.  Cf. <u>Tercel</u>.] <i>(Falconry)</i>
<def>The male of various falcons, esp. of the peregrine; also, the male of
the goshawk.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tierce"-ma`jor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tierce
majeure</i>.] <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>See <u>Tierce</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tier"cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tercet</i>. See
<u>Tercet</u>.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A triplet; three lines, or three lines
rhyming together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tie"-rod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rod used as a tie.
See <u>Tie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tiers` &eacute;`tat"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>The third estate, or
commonalty, in France, answering to the commons in Great Britain; -- so
called in distinction from, and as inferior to, the nobles and
clergy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The refusal of the clergy and nobility to give the <i>tiers
&eacute;tat</i> a representation in the States-general proportioned to
their actual numbers had an important influence in bringing on the French
Revolution of 1789. Since that time the term has been purely
historical.</p>

<p><hw>Tie"tick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The meadow pipit.</def>
[Prov. Eng].</p>

<p><hw>Tie"wig`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wig having a tie or
ties, or one having some of the curls tied up; also, a wig tied upon the
head.</def>  <i>Wright. V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tiff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Originally, a sniff, sniffing;
cf. Icel. <i>&?;efr</i> a smell, <i>&?;efa</i> to sniff, Norw. <i>tev</i> a
drawing in of the breath, <i>teva</i> to sniff, smell, dial. Sw.
<i>t&uuml;v</i> smell, scent, taste.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Liquor;
especially, a small draught of liquor.</def> "Sipping his <i>tiff</i> of
brandy punch."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fit of anger or peevishness; a slight
altercation or contention. See <u>Tift</u>.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tiff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tiffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tiffing</u>.]
<def>To be in a pet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>tiffed</i> with Tim, she ran from Ralph.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tiff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tiffen</i>, OF.
<i>tiffer</i>, <i>tifer</i>, to bedizen; cf. D. <i>tippen</i> to clip the
points or ends of the hair, E. <i>tip</i>, n.] <def>To deck out; to
dress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tif"fa*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tiffenay</i>; cf.
OF. <i>tiffe</i> ornament, <i>tiffer</i> to adjust, adorn. See <u>Tiff</u>
to dress.] <def>A species of gause, or very silk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The smoke of sulphur . . . is commonly used by women to
whiten <i>tiffanies</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tif"fin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Properly, <i>tiffing</i> a
quaffing, a drinking. See <u>Tiff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A lunch,
or slight repast between breakfast and dinner; -- originally, a Provincial
English word, but introduced into India, and brought back to England in a
special sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tiff"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to tiffs;
peevish; petulant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Norw. <i>teft</i> a scent.
See <u>Tiff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A fit of pettishness, or slight
anger; a tiff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After all your fatigue you seem as ready for a <i>tift</i>
with me as if you had newly come from church.</blockquote> <i>Blackwood's
Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A game
among children. See <u>Tag</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A capacious, flat-bottomed drinking cup,
generally with four handles, formerly used for passing around the table at
convivial entertainment.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ti*gel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from F. <i>tige</i>
stem or stock.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That part of an embryo which represents
the young stem; the caulicle or radicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti*gelle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Tigella</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tigre</i>, F.
<i>tigre</i>, L. <i>tigris</i>, Gr. <grk>ti`gris</grk>; probably of Persian
origin; cf. Zend <i>tighra</i> pointed, <i>tighri</i> an arrow, Per.
<i>t&imacr;r</i>; perhaps akin to E. <i>stick</i>, v.t.; -- probably so
named from its quickness.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A very large and
powerful carnivore (<i>Felis tigris</i>) native of Southern Asia and the
East Indies. Its back and sides are tawny or rufous yellow, transversely
striped with black, the tail is ringed with black, the throat and belly are
nearly white. When full grown, it equals or exceeds the lion in size and
strength. Called also <i>royal tiger</i>, and <i>Bengal
tiger</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A ferocious, bloodthirsty
person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As for heinous <i>tiger</i>, Tamora.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A servant in livery, who rides with his master
or mistress.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kind of growl or screech, after cheering; as,
three cheers and a <i>tiger</i>.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A pneumatic box or pan used in refining
sugar.</def></p>

<p><col><b>American tiger</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The puma.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
jaguar.</cd> -- <col><b>Clouded tiger</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
handsome striped and spotted carnivore (<i>Felis macrocelis</i> or <i>F.
marmorata</i>) native of the East Indies and Southern Asia. Its body is
about three and a half feet long, and its tail about three feet long. Its
ground color is brownish gray, and the dark markings are irregular stripes,
spots, and rings, but there are always two dark bands on the face, one
extending back from the eye, and one from the angle of the mouth. Called
also <i>tortoise-shell tiger</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mexican tiger</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the jaguar.</cd> -- <col><b>Tiger beetle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of active carnivorous
beetles of the family <i>Cicindelid&aelig;</i>. They usually inhabit dry or
sandy places, and fly rapidly.</cd> -- <col><b>Tiger bittern</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sun bittern</i>, under <u>Sun</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Tiger cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several
species of wild cats of moderate size with dark transverse bars or stripes
somewhat resembling those of the tiger.</cd> -- <col><b>Tiger
flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an iridaceous plant of the genus
<i>Tigridia</i> (as <i>T. conchiflora</i>, <i>T. grandiflora</i>, etc.)
having showy flowers, spotted or streaked somewhat like the skin of a
tiger.</cd> -- <col><b>Tiger grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low East
Indian fan palm (<i>Cham&aelig;rops Ritchieana</i>). It is used in many
ways by the natives.</cd> <i>J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).</i> --
<col><b>Tiger lily</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Lily</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Tiger moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of moths of the family <i>Arctiad&aelig;</i> which are
striped or barred with black and white or with other conspicuous colors.
The larv&aelig; are called <i>woolly bears</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tiger
shark</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a voracious shark (<i>Galeocerdo
maculatus or tigrinus</i>) more or less barred or spotted with yellow. It
is found in both the Atlantic and Indian Ocean. Called also <i>zebra
shark</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tiger shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
large and conspicuously spotted cowrie (<i>Cypr&aelig;a tigris</i>); -- so
called from its fancied resemblance to a tiger in color and markings.
Called also <i>tiger cowrie</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tiger wolf</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the spotted hyena (<i>Hy&aelig;na
crocuta</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Tiger wood</b></col>, <cd>the variegated
heartwood of a tree (<i>Mach&aelig;rium Schomburgkii</i>) found in
Guiana.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ti"ger-eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
siliceous stone of a yellow color and chatoyant luster, obtained in South
Africa and much used for ornament. It is an altered form of the mineral
crocidolite. See <u>Crocidolite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"ger-foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Tiger's-foot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"ger-foot`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hastening to devour;
furious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"ger*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tigerish;
tigrine.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ti"ger*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a tiger;
tigrish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"ger's-foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name given to some species of morning-glory (<i>Ipom&oelig;a</i>) having
the leaves lobed in pedate fashion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tigh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps akin to <i>tight</i>.]
<def>A close, or inclosure; a croft.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tight</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Tie</u>.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tight</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Tighter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Tightest</u>.] [OE.
<i>tight</i>, <i>thiht</i>; probably of Scand. origin; cf. Icel.
<i>&?;&emacr;ttr</i>, Dan. <i>t&aelig;t</i>, Sw. <i>t&auml;t</i>: akin to
D. &amp; G. <i>dicht</i> thick, tight, and perhaps to E. <i>thee</i> to thrive,
or to <i>thick</i>.  Cf. <u>Taut</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Firmly held
together; compact; not loose or open; as, <i>tight</i> cloth; a
<i>tight</i> knot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Close, so as not to admit the passage of a
liquid or other fluid; not leaky; as, a <i>tight</i> ship; a <i>tight</i>
cask; a <i>tight</i> room; -- often used in this sense as the second member
of a compound; as, water-<i>tight</i>; air-<i>tight</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fitting close, or too close, to the body; as, a
<i>tight</i> coat or other garment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not ragged; whole; neat; tidy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Clad very plain, but clean and <i>tight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll spin and card, and keep our children
<i>tight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Close; parsimonious; saving; as, a man
<i>tight</i> in his dealings.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Not slack or loose; firmly stretched; taut; --
applied to a rope, chain, or the like, extended or stretched out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Handy; adroit; brisk.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Somewhat intoxicated; tipsy.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Pressing; stringent; not easy;
firmly held; dear; -- said of money or the money market.  Cf. <u>Easy</u>,
7.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tighten.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tight"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tightened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tightening</u>.] <def>To draw tighter; to straiten; to make more close
in any manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just where I please, with <i>tightened</i> rein<BR>
I'll urge thee round the dusty plain.</blockquote> <i>Fawkes.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tightening pulley</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a pulley which
rests, or is forced, against a driving belt to tighten it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tight"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which tightens;
specifically <i>(Mach.)</i>, a tightening pulley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tight"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ribbon or string used
to draw clothes closer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tight"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tight manner;
closely; nearly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tight"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or condition
of being tight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tights</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Close-fitting
garments, especially for the lower part of the body and the legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tig"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or designating, an acid,
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>7</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>H (called also <i>methyl crotonic
acid</i>), homologous with crotonic acid, and obtained from croton oil
(from <i>Croton Tiglium</i>) as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"gress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Tiger</u>: cf. F.
<i>tigresse</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The female of the tiger.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti"grine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tigrinus</i>, fr.
<i>tigris</i> a tiger.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
tiger; like a tiger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling the tiger in
color; as, the <i>tigrine</i> cat (<i>Felis tigrina</i>) of South
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"grish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a tiger;
tigerish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tick.
See 2d <u>Tick</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tike</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>t&imacr;k</i> a bitch;
akin to Sw. <i>tik</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dog; a cur.</def>
"Bobtail <i>tike</i> or trundle-tail."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A countryman or clown; a boorish
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"kus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
bulau.</def></p>

<p><hw>Til</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep. &amp; conj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Till</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Til"bu*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tilburies</b></plw> (#). [Probably from <i>Tilbury</i>fort, in the
Country of Essex, in England.] <def>A kind of gig or two-wheeled carriage,
without a top or cover.</def> [Written also <i>tilburgh</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Til"de</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr. L. <i>titulus</i>
a superscription, title, token, sign. See <u>Title</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The accentual mark placed over <i>n</i>, and
sometimes over <i>l</i>, in Spanish words [thus, <i>&ntilde;</i>,
<i>&ltilde;</i>], indicating that, in pronunciation, the sound of the
following vowel is to be preceded by that of the initial, or consonantal,
<i>y</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See 2d <u>Tiler</u>.]
<def>To protect from the intrusion of the uninitiated; as, to <i>tile</i> a
Masonic lodge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tile</i>, <i>tigel</i>, AS.
<i>tigel</i>, <i>tigol</i>, fr. L. <i>tegula</i>, from <i>tegere</i> to
cover. See <u>Thatch</u>, and cf. <u>Tegular</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A plate, or thin piece, of baked clay, used for covering the roofs of
buildings, for floors, for drains, and often for ornamental mantel
works.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small slab
of marble or other material used for flooring.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A plate of metal used for roofing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A small, flat piece of dried
earth or earthenware, used to cover vessels in which metals are
fused.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A draintile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A stiff hat.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tile drain</b></col>, <cd>a drain made of tiles.</cd> --
<col><b>Tile earth</b></col>, <cd>a species of strong, clayey earth; stiff
and stubborn land.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Tile kiln</b></col>, <cd>a
kiln in which tiles are burnt; a tilery.</cd> -- <col><b>Tile ore</b></col>
<i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>an earthy variety of cuprite.</cd> -- <col><b>Tile
red</b></col>, <cd>light red like the color of tiles or bricks.</cd> --
<col><b>Tile tea</b></col>, <cd>a kind of hard, flat brick tea. See
<i>Brick tea</i>, under <u>Brick</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tile</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tiling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with tiles; as, to <i>tile</i> a
house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To cover, as if with tiles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The muscle, sinew, and vein,<BR>
Which <i>tile</i> this house, will come again.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tile"-drain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drain by
means of tiles; to furnish with a tile drain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tile"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large, edible, deep-water food fish (<i>Lopholatilus
cham&aelig;leonticeps</i>) more or less thickly covered with large, round,
yellow spots.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It was discovered off the Eastern coast of the United States in
1880, and was abundant in 1881, but is believed to have become extinct in
1882.</p>

<p><hw>Til"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man whose occupation is
to cover buildings with tiles.</def>  <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Til"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin, but probably
from E. <i>tile</i>, n.] <def>A doorkeeper or attendant at a lodge of
Freemasons.</def> [Written also <i>tyler</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Til"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tileries</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Tile</u>; cf. F. <i>tuilerie</i>,
fr. <i>tuile</i> a tile, L. <i>tegula</i>.] <def>A place where tiles are
made or burned; a tile kiln.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tile"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A kind of laminated shale or sandstone belonging to
some of the layers of the Upper Silurian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tile of stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Til`i*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tilia</i> the
linden tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a
natural order of plants (<i>Tiliace&aelig;</i>) of which the linden
(<i>Tilia</i>) is the type. The order includes many plants which furnish a
valuable fiber, as the jute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Til"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
surface covered with tiles, or composed of tiles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . let him down through the
<i>tiling</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke v. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tiles, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Till</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from <i>lentil</i>.]
<def>A vetch; a tare.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Till</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Properly, a drawer, from OE.
<i>tillen</i> to draw. See <u>Tiller</u> the lever of a rudder.] <def>A
drawer.</def> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tray or drawer in a
chest.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A money drawer in a shop or
store.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Till alarm</b></col>, <cd>a device for sounding an alarm when a
money drawer is opened or tampered with.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Till</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>A deposit of clay, sand, and gravel, without lamination, formed in a
glacier valley by means of the waters derived from the melting glaciers; --
sometimes applied to alluvium of an upper river terrace, when not
laminated, and appearing as if formed in the same manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of coarse, obdurate land.</def>
<i>Loudon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Till</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>til</i>, Icel.
<i>til</i>; akin to Dan. <i>til</i>, Sw. <i>till</i>, OFries. <i>til</i>,
also to AS. <i>til</i> good, excellent, G. <i>ziel</i> end, limit, object,
OHG. <i>zil</i>, Goth. <i>tils</i>, ga<i>tils</i>, fit, convenient, and E.
<i>till</i> to cultivate. See <u>Till</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To; unto; up to; as far as; until; -- now used only in respect to
time, but formerly, also, of place, degree, etc., and still so used in
Scotland and in parts of England and Ireland; as, I worked <i>till</i> four
o'clock; I will wait <i>till</i> next week.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . came <i>till</i> an house.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Women, up <i>till</i> this<BR>
Cramped under worse than South-sea-isle taboo.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Similar sentiments will recur to every one familiar with his
writings -- all through them <i>till</i> the very end.</blockquote>
<i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Till now</b></col>, <cd>to the present time.</cd> --
<col><b>Till then</b></col>, <cd>to that time.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1509 !></p>

<p><hw>Till</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>As far as; up to the
place or degree that; especially, up to the time that; that is, to the time
specified in the sentence or clause following; until.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And said unto them, Occupy <i>till</i> I come.</blockquote>
<i>Luke xix. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mediate so long <i>till</i> you make some act of prayer to
God.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was no outbreak <i>till</i> the regiment
arrived.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This use may be explained by supposing an ellipsis of
<i>when</i>, or <i>the time when</i>, the proper conjunction or conjunctive
adverb begin <i>when</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Till</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tilling</u>.] [OE.
<i>tilen</i>, <i>tilien</i>, AS. <i>tilian</i>, <i>teolian</i>, to aim,
strive for, till; akin to OS. <i>tilian</i> to get, D. <i>telen</i> to
propagate, G. <i>zielen</i> to aim, <i>ziel</i> an end, object, and perhaps
also to E. <i>tide</i>, <i>time</i>, from the idea of something fixed or
definite.  Cf. <u>Teal</u>, <u>Till</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To plow and prepare for seed, and to sow, dress,
raise crops from, etc., to cultivate; as, to <i>till</i> the earth, a
field, a farm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No field nolde [would not] <i>tilye</i>.</blockquote> <i>P.
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>the Lord God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to
<i>till</i> the ground from whence he was taken.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iii.
23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prepare; to get.</def> [Obs.]  <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Till</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cultivate land.</def>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Till"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
tilled; fit for the plow; arable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Till"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
operation, practice, or art of tilling or preparing land for seed, and
keeping the ground in a proper state for the growth of crops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place tilled or cultivated; cultivated
land.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cultivation; culture; husbandry; farming;
agriculture.</p>

<p><hw>||Til*land"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named after
Prof. <i>Tillands</i>, of Abo, in Finland.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
epiphytic endogenous plants found in the Southern United States and in
tropical America. <i>Tillandsia usneoides</i>, called <i>long moss</i>,
<i>black moss</i>, <i>Spanish moss</i>, and <i>Florida moss</i>, has a very
slender pendulous branching stem, and forms great hanging tufts on the
branches of trees. It is often used for stuffing mattresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Till"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Till</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>One who tills; a husbandman; a cultivator; a
plowman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Till"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>telgor</i> a small
branch.  Cf. <u>Till</u> to cultivate.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A shoot of a plant, springing from the root or
bottom of the original stalk; a sucker.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
sprout or young tree that springs from a root or stump.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A young timber tree.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Till"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tillered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tillering</u>.] <def>To put forth new shoots from the root, or round the
bottom of the original stalk; as, wheat or rye <i>tillers</i>; some spread
plants by <i>tillering</i>.</def> [Sometimes written <i>tillow</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Till"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From OE. <i>tillen</i>,
<i>tullen</i>, to draw, pull; probably fr. AS. <i>tyllan</i> in
for<i>tyllan</i> to lead astray; or cf. D. <i>tillen</i> to lift up.  Cf.
<u>Till</u> a drawer.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A lever of
wood or metal fitted to the rudder head and used for turning side to side
in steering. In small boats hand power is used; in large vessels, the
tiller is moved by means of mechanical appliances. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Rudder</u>.  Cf. 2d <u>Helm</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The stalk, or handle, of a crossbow; also,
sometimes, the bow itself.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You can shoot in a <i>tiller</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The handle of anything.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small drawer; a till.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tiller rope</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a rope for turning a
tiller. In a large vessel it forms the connection between the fore end of
the tiller and the steering wheel.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Til"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <hw>Til"ley seed`</hw>
(?) }. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The seeds of a small tree (<i>Croton Pavana</i>)
common in the Malay Archipelago. These seeds furnish croton oil, like those
of <i>Croton Tiglium</i>.</def> [Written also <i>tilly</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Till"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tillmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who tills the earth; a
husbandman.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Til"lo*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Tillodontia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Til`lo*don"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct group of Mammalia found fossil in the
Eocene formation. The species are related to the carnivores, ungulates, and
rodents. Called also <i>Tillodonta</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Til"lot</hw> (t&ibreve;l"l&obreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
bag made of thin glazed muslin, used as a wrapper for dress goods.</def>
<i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Til"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See 3d
<u>Tiller</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Til"ly-val`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj., adv., or a.</i></pos>
<def>A word of unknown origin and signification, formerly used as
expressive of contempt, or when anything said was rejected as trifling or
impertinent.</def> [Written also <i>tille-vally</i>, <i>tilly-fally</i>,
<i>tille-fally</i>, and otherwise.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Til"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>tilmo`s</grk>, fr. <grk>ti`llein</grk> to pluck, pull.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Floccillation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tilt</hw> (t&ibreve;lt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>telt</i>
(perhaps from the Danish), <i>teld</i>, AS. <i>teld</i>, ge<i>teld</i>;
akin to OD. <i>telde</i>, G. <i>zelt</i>, Icel. <i>tjald</i>, Sw.
<i>t&auml;lt</i>, <i>tj&auml;ll</i>, Dan. <i>telt</i>, and AS.
be<i>teldan</i> to cover.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A covering overhead;
especially, a tent.</def>  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cloth covering of a cart or a
wagon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A cloth cover of a boat; a small
canopy or awning extended over the sternsheets of a boat.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tilt boat</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a boat covered with
canvas or other cloth.</cd> -- <col><b>Tilt roof</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>a round-headed roof, like the canopy of a wagon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tilt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tilted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tilting</u>.] <def>To
cover with a tilt, or awning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tilt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tilten</i>,
<i>tulten</i>, to totter, fall, AS. <i>tealt</i> unstable, precarious; akin
to <i>tealtrian</i> to totter, to vacillate, D. <i>tel</i> amble, ambling
pace, G. <i>zelt</i>, Icel. <i>t&ouml;lt</i> an ambling pace,
<i>t&ouml;lta</i> to amble.  Cf. <u>Totter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
incline; to tip; to raise one end of for discharging liquor; as, to
<i>tilt</i> a barrel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To point or thrust, as a lance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sons against fathers <i>tilt</i> the fatal
lance.</blockquote> <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To point or thrust a weapon at.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To hammer or forge with a tilt hammer; as, to
<i>tilt</i> steel in order to render it more ductile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tilt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To run or
ride, and thrust with a lance; to practice the military game or exercise of
thrusting with a lance, as a combatant on horseback; to joust; also,
figuratively, to engage in any combat or movement resembling that of
horsemen tilting with lances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>tilts</i><BR>
With piercing steel at bold Mercutio's breast.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Swords out, and <i>tilting</i> one at other's
breast.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But in this tournament can no man <i>tilt</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fleet, swift <i>tilting</i>, o'er the &?;urges
flew.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lean; to fall partly over; to tip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The trunk of the body is kept from <i>tilting</i> forward by
the muscles of the back.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tilt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thrust, as with a lance.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A military exercise on horseback, in which the
combatants attacked each other with lances; a tournament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Tilt hammer</u>, in the
Vocabulary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Inclination forward; as, the <i>tilt</i> of a
cask.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Full tilt</b></col>, <cd>with full force.</cd>
<i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tilt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who tilts, or jousts; hence, one who fights.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me alone to match your <i>tilter</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Glanville.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who operates a tilt hammer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tilth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>til&?;</i>, fr.
<i>tilian</i> to till. See <u>Till</u> to cultivate.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being tilled, or prepared for a crop; culture; as, land
is good <i>tilth</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tilth</i> and rank fertility of its golden
youth.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is tilled; tillage ground.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And so by <i>tilth</i> and grange . . . <BR>
We gained the mother city.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tilt" ham`mer</hw> (?). <def>A tilted hammer; a heavy hammer, used
in iron works, which is lifted or tilted by projections or wipers on a
revolving shaft; a trip hammer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tilt"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who tilts; a tilt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The process by which blister steel is rendered
ductile by being forged with a tilt hammer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tilting helmet</b></col>, <cd>a helmet of large size and unusual
weight and strength, worn at tilts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tilt"-mill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mill where a tilt
hammer is used, or where the process of tilting is carried on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Til" tree`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Teil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tilt"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Tip-up</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tilt"-yard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yard or place for
tilting.</def> "The <i>tilt-yard</i> of Templestowe."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
blue titmouse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tim"a*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the genus <i>Timalus</i> or family
<i>Timalid&aelig;</i>, which includes the babblers thrushes, and
bulbuls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"bal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kettledrum. See
<u>Tymbal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably the same word as
<i>timber</i> sort of wood; cf. Sw. <i>timber</i>, LG. <i>timmer</i>, MHG.
<i>zimber</i>, G. <i>zimmer</i>, F. <i>timbre</i>, LL. <i>timbrium</i>.
Cf. <u>Timmer</u>.] <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A certain quantity of fur skins, as
of martens, ermines, sables, etc., packed between boards; being in some
cases forty skins, in others one hundred and twenty; -- called also
<i>timmer</i>.</def> [Written also <i>timbre</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tim"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>timbre</i>. See
<u>Timbre</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The crest on a coat of arms.</def>
[Written also <i>timbre</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tim"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To surmount as a timber
does.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tim"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>timbor</i>,
<i>timber</i>, wood, building; akin to OFries. <i>timber</i>, D.
<i>timmer</i> a room, G. <i>zimmer</i>, OHG. <i>zimbar</i> timber, a
dwelling, room, Icel. <i>timbr</i> timber, Sw. <i>timmer</i>, Dan.
<i>t&ouml;mmer</i>, Goth. <i>timrjan</i> to build, <i>timrja</i> a builder,
L. <i>domus</i> a house, Gr. &?; house, &?; to build, Skr. <i>dama</i> a
house. &radic;62.  Cf. <u>Dome</u>, <u>Domestic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That sort of wood which is proper for buildings or for tools,
utensils, furniture, carriages, fences, ships, and the like; -- usually
said of felled trees, but sometimes of those standing.  Cf. <u>Lumber</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And ta'en my fiddle to the gate, . . . <BR>
And fiddled in the <i>timber</i>!</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The body, stem, or trunk of a tree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Material for any structure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such dispositions are the very errors of human nature; and
yet they are the fittest <i>timber</i> to make politics of.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A single piece or squared stick of wood intended
for building, or already framed; collectively, the larger pieces or sticks
of wood, forming the framework of a house, ship, or other structure, in
distinction from the covering or boarding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So they prepared <i>timber</i> . . . to build the
house.</blockquote> <i>1 Kings v. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many of the <i>timbers</i> were decayed.</blockquote> <i>W.
Coxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Woods or forest; wooden land.</def> [Western U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A rib, or a curving piece
of wood, branching outward from the keel and bending upward in a vertical
direction. One <i>timber</i> is composed of several pieces
united.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Timber and room</b></col>. <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Room and space</i>. See under <u>Room</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Timber
beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of
beetles the larv&aelig; of which bore in timber; as, the silky <i>timber
beetle</i> (<i>Lymexylon sericeum</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Timber
doodle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the American woodcock.</cd>
[Local, U. S.] -- <col><b>Timber grouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any species of grouse that inhabits woods, as the ruffed grouse and
spruce partridge; -- distinguished from <i>prairie grouse</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Timber hitch</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a kind of hitch used for
temporarily marking fast a rope to a spar. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Hitch</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Timber mare</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
instrument upon which soldiers were formerly compelled to ride for
punishment.</cd> <i>Johnson.</i> -- <col><b>Timber scribe</b></col>, <cd>a
metal tool or pointed instrument for marking timber.</cd> <i>Simmonds.</i>
-- <col><b>Timber sow</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Timber
worm</i>, below.</cd> <i>Bacon.</i> -- <col><b>Timber tree</b></col>, <cd>a
tree suitable for timber.</cd> -- <col><b>Timber worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any larval insect which burrows in timber.</cd> --
<col><b>Timber yard</b></col>, <cd>a yard or place where timber is
deposited.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tim"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Timbered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Timbering</u>.] <def>To furnish with timber; -- chiefly used in the past
participle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His bark is stoutly <i>timbered</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tim"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
light on a tree.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>To make a nest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"bered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with timber; -- often compounded; as, a well-<i>timbered</i>
house; a low-<i>timbered</i> house.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Built; formed; contrived.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Massive, like timber.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>timbered</i> bones all broken, rudely
rumbled.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Covered with growth timber; wooden; as, well-
<i>timbered</i> land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"ber*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
top end of a timber, rising above the gunwale, and serving for belaying
ropes, etc.; -- called also <i>kevel head</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"ber*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of furnishing
with timber; also, timbers, collectively; timberwork; timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"ber*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Timber</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <def>A small tree.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tim"ber*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Timbermen</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A man employed in
placing supports of timber in a mine.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tim"ber*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work made of
timbers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"bre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st
<u>Timber</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"bre</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a bell to be struck with a
hammer, sound, tone, stamp, crest, in OF., a timbrel.  Cf. <u>Timbrel</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The crest on a coat of
arms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The quality or tone distinguishing
voices or instruments; tone color; clang tint; as, the <i>timbre</i> of the
voice; the <i>timbre</i> of a violin.  See <u>Tone</u>, and <i>Partial
tones</i>, under <u>Partial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"brel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of OE. <i>timbre</i>,
OF. <i>timbre</i>; probably fr. L. <i>typmanum</i>, Gr. &?; a kettledrum,
but influenced perhaps by Ar. <i>tabl</i> a drum; cf. Per. <i>tambal</i> a
drum. See <u>Tympanum</u>, and cf. 2d <u>Timbre</u>, <u>Tymbal</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kind of drum, tabor, or tabret, in use from the
highest antiquity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Miriam . . . took a <i>timbrel</i> in her hand, and all the
women went out after her with <i>timbrels</i> and with dances.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xv. 20.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tim"breled</hw>, <hw>Tim"brelled</hw>} (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Sung to the sound of the timbrel.</def> "In vain with <i>timbreled</i>
anthems dark."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tim`bu*rine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tambourine.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Time</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Times</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>time</i>, AS. <i>t&imacr;ma</i>, akin
to <i>t&imacr;d</i> time, and to Icel. <i>t&imacr;mi</i>, Dan. <i>time</i>
an hour, Sw. <i>timme</i>. &radic;58. See <u>Tide</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Duration, considered
independently of any system of measurement or any employment of terms which
designate limited portions thereof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>time</i> wasteth [<i>i. e.</i> passes away] night and
day.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know of no ideas . . . that have a better claim to be
accounted simple and original than those of space and
<i>time</i>.</blockquote> <i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A particular period or part of duration, whether
past, present, or future; a point or portion of duration; as, the
<i>time</i> was, or has been; the <i>time</i> is, or will be.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God, who at sundry <i>times</i> and in divers manners spake
in <i>time</i> past unto the fathers by the prophets.</blockquote> <i>Heb.
i. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The period at which any definite event occurred,
or person lived; age; period; era; as, the Spanish Armada was destroyed in
the <i>time</i> of Queen Elizabeth; -- often in the plural; as, ancient
<i>times</i>; modern <i>times</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The duration of one's life; the hours and days
which a person has at his disposal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Believe me, your <i>time</i> is not your own; it belongs to
God, to religion, to mankind.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A proper time; a season; an
opportunity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is . . . a <i>time</i> to every purpose.</blockquote>
<i>Eccl. iii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>time</i> of figs was not yet.</blockquote> <i>Mark
xi. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Hour of travail, delivery, or
parturition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She was within one month of her <i>time</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Performance or occurrence of an action or event,
considered with reference to repetition; addition of a number to itself;
repetition; as, to double cloth four <i>times</i>; four <i>times</i> four,
or sixteen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Summers three <i>times</i> eight save one.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The present life; existence in this world as
contrasted with immortal life; definite, as contrasted with infinite,
duration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till <i>time</i> and sin together cease.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Tense.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The measured duration of sounds;
measure; tempo; rate of movement; rhythmical division; as, common or triple
<i>time</i>; the musician keeps good <i>time</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some few lines set unto a solemn <i>time</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Time</i> is often used in the formation of compounds, mostly
self-explaining; as, <i>time</i>-battered, <i>time</i>-beguiling,
<i>time</i>-consecrated, <i>time</i>-consuming, <i>time</i>-enduring,
<i>time</i>-killing, <i>time</i>-sanctioned, <i>time</i>-scorner,
<i>time</i>-wasting, <i>time</i>-worn, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Absolute time</b></col>, <cd>time irrespective of local
standards or epochs; as, all spectators see a lunar eclipse at the same
instant of <i>absolute time</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Apparent time</b></col>,
<cd>the time of day reckoned by the sun, or so that 12 o'clock at the place
is the instant of the transit of the sun's center over the meridian.</cd> -
- <col><b>Astronomical time</b></col>, <cd>mean solar time reckoned by
counting the hours continuously up to twenty-four from one noon to the
next.</cd> -- <col><b>At times</b></col>, <cd>at distinct intervals of
duration; now and then; as, <i>at times</i> he reads, <i>at</i> other
<i>times</i> he rides.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil time</b></col>, <cd>time as
reckoned for the purposes of common life in distinct periods, as years,
months, days, hours, etc., the latter, among most modern nations, being
divided into two series of twelve each, and reckoned, the first series from
midnight to noon, the second, from noon to midnight.</cd> -- <col><b>Common
time</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>the ordinary time of marching, in which
ninety steps, each twenty-eight inches in length, are taken in one
minute.</cd> -- <col><b>Equation of time</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Equation</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>In time</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In good season; sufficiently early; as, he arrived
<i>in time</i> to see the exhibition.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>After a
considerable space of duration; eventually; finally; as, you will <i>in
time</i> recover your health and strength.</cd> -- <col><b>Mean
time</b></col>. <cd>See under 4th <u>Mean</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Quick
time</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>time of marching, in which one hundred
and twenty steps, each thirty inches in length, are taken in one
minute.</cd> -- <col><b>Sidereal time</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Sidereal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Standard time</b></col>, <cd>the civil
time that has been established by law or by general usage over a region or
country. In England the standard time is Greenwich mean solar time. In the
United States and Canada four kinds of standard time have been adopted by
the railroads and accepted by the people, viz., <i>Eastern</i>,
<i>Central</i>, <i>Mountain</i>, and <i>Pacific</i> time, corresponding
severally to the mean local times of the 75th, 90th, 105th, and 120th
meridians west from Greenwich, and being therefore five, six, seven, and
eight hours slower than Greenwich time.</cd> -- <col><b>Time
ball</b></col>, <cd>a ball arranged to drop from the summit of a pole, to
indicate true midday time, as at Greenwich Observatory, England.</cd>
<i>Nichol.</i> -- <col><b>Time bargain</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a
contract made for the sale or purchase of merchandise, or of stock in the
public funds, at a certain time in the future.</cd> -- <col><b>Time
bill</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Time-table</u>.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Time
book</b></col>, <cd>a book in which is kept a record of the time persons
have worked.</cd> -- <col><b>Time detector</b></col>, <cd>a timepiece
provided with a device for registering and indicating the exact time when a
watchman visits certain stations in his beat.</cd> -- <col><b>Time
enough</b></col>, <cd>in season; early enough.</cd> "Stanly at Bosworth
field, . . . came <i>time enough</i> to save his life." <i>Bacon.</i> --
<col><b>Time fuse</b></col>, <cd>a fuse, as for an explosive projectile,
which can be so arranged as to ignite the charge at a certain definite
interval after being itself ignited.</cd> -- <col><b>Time
immemorial</b></col>, or <col><b>Time out of mind</b></col>. <i>(Eng.
Law)</i> <cd>See under <u>Immemorial</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Time
lock</b></col>, <cd>a lock having clockwork attached, which, when wound up,
prevents the bolt from being withdrawn when locked, until a certain
interval of time has elapsed.</cd> -- <col><b>Time of day</b></col>,
<cd>salutation appropriate to the times of the day, as "good morning,"
"good evening," and the like; greeting.</cd> -- <col><b>To kill
time</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Kill</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>To make time</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To gain time.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To occupy or use (a certain) time in doing
something; as, the trotting horse <i>made</i> fast <i>time</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>To move</b></col>, <col><b>run</b></col>, or <col><b>go</b></col>,
<col><b>against time</b></col>, <cd>to move, run, or go a given distance
without a competitor, in the quickest possible time; or, to accomplish the
greatest distance which can be passed over in a given time; as, the horse
is <i>to run against time</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>True time</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Mean time as kept by a clock going uniformly.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>Apparent time as reckoned from the
transit of the sun's center over the meridian.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1510 !></p>

<p><hw>Time</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Timed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Timing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To appoint the time for; to bring,
begin, or perform at the proper season or time; as, he <i>timed</i> his
appearance rightly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no greater wisdom than well to <i>time</i> the
beginnings and onsets of things.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To regulate as to time; to accompany, or agree
with, in time of movement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who overlooked the oars, and <i>timed</i> the
stroke.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a thing of blood, whose every motion<BR>
Was <i>timed</i> with dying cries.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To ascertain or record the time, duration, or
rate of; as, to <i>time</i> the speed of horses, or hours for
workmen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To measure, as in music or harmony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Time</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep
or beat time; to proceed or move in time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With oar strokes <i>timing</i> to their song.</blockquote>
<i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass time; to delay.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Time"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Seasonable; timely;
sufficiently early.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Time"-hon`ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Honored for a
long time; venerable, and worthy of honor, by reason of antiquity, or long
continuance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Time"keep`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A clock, watch, or other chronometer; a timepiece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person who keeps, marks, regulates, or
determines the time.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A person who keeps a record of the time spent
by workmen at their work.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who gives the time for the departure of
conveyances.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>One who marks the time in musical
performances.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>One appointed to mark and declare the time of
participants in races or other contests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Time"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Done at
an improper time; unseasonable; untimely.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor fits it to prolong the heavenly feast<BR>
<i>Timeless</i>, indecent.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done or occurring before the proper time;
premature; immature; as, a <i>timeless</i> grave.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Must I behold thy <i>timeless</i>, cruel death?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having no end; interminable; unending.</def>
"<i>Timeless</i> night and chaos."  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Time"less*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a timeless manner;
unseasonably.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Time"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being timely; seasonableness; opportuneness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Time"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A timeserver.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Time"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Timelier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Timeliest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being or occurring in good time; sufficiently
early; seasonable.</def> "The <i>timely</i> dew of sleep."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Keeping time or measure.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Time"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Early; soon; in good
season.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Timely</i> advised, the coming evil shun.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thanks to you,<BR>
That called me <i>timelier</i> than my purpose hither,<BR>
For I have gained by it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti*men"o*guy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
rope carried taut between or over obstacles likely to engage or foul the
running rigging in working a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Time"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Timely;
seasonable.</def> [R. or Scot.] -- <wf>Time"ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Time"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A clock, watch, or
other instrument, to measure or show the progress of time; a
chronometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Time"pleas`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who complies
with prevailing opinions, whatever they may be; a timeserver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Timepleasers</i>, flatterers, foes to
nobleness.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tim"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A timekeeper; especially,
a watch by which small intervals of time can be measured; a kind of stop
watch. It is used for timing the speed of horses, machinery, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Time"sav`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Saving time; as, a
<i>timesaving</i> expedient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Time"serv`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who adapts his
opinions and manners to the times; one who obsequiously compiles with the
ruling power; -- now used only in a bad sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Time"serv`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Obsequiously complying
with the spirit of the times, or the humors of those in power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Time"serv`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An obsequious
compliance with the spirit of the times, or the humors of those in power,
which implies a surrender of one's independence, and sometimes of one's
integrity.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Temporizing.  -- <u>Timeserving</u>, <u>Temporizing</u>.
Both these words are applied to the conduct of one who adapts himself
servilely to times and seasons. A <i>timeserver</i> is rather active, and a
<i>temporizer</i>, passive. One whose policy is <i>timeserving</i> comes
forward to act upon principles or opinions which may promote his
advancement; one who is <i>temporizing</i> yields to the current of public
sentiment or prejudice, and shrinks from a course of action which might
injure him with others. The former is dishonest; the latter is weak; and
both are contemptible.</p>

<p><blockquote>Trimming and <i>timeserving</i>, which are but two words for
the same thing, . . . produce confusion.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[I] pronounce thee . . . a hovering <i>temporizer</i>,
that<BR>
Canst with thine eyes at once see good and evil,<BR>
Inclining to them both.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Time"-ta`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A tabular statement of the time at which, or within which, several
things are to take place, as the recitations in a school, the departure and
arrival of railroad trains or other public conveyances, the rise and fall
of the tides, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A plane surface divided in one
direction with lines representing hours and minutes, and in the other with
lines representing miles, and having diagonals (usually movable strings)
representing the speed and position of various trains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A table showing the notation,
length, or duration of the several notes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>timidus</i>, fr.
<i>timere</i> to fear; cf. Skr. <i>tam</i> to become breathless, to become
stupefief: cf. F. <i>timide</i>.] <def>Wanting courage to meet danger;
easily frightened; timorous; not bold; fearful; shy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Poor is the triumph o'er the <i>timid</i> hare.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fearful; timorous; afraid; cowardly; pusillanimous;
faint-hearted; shrinking; retiring.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Tim"id*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Tim"id*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ti*mid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>timiditas</i>: cf.
F. <i>timidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being timid;
timorousness; timidness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"id*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Timid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tim"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>timeist</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A performer who
keeps good time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A timeserver.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Overbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tim"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as 1st
<u>Timber</u>.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Ti*moc"ra*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; honor,
worth (fr. &?; to honor) + &?; to govern: cf. F. <i>timocratie</i>.]
<i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A state in which the love of
honor is the ruling motive.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A state in which
honors are distributed according to a rating of property.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti`mo*crat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to, or
constituted by, timocracy.</def>  <i>Sir G. C. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tim`o*neer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>timonier</i>, fr.
<i>timon</i> a helm, fr. L. <i>temo</i>, <i>-onis</i>, a pole.] <def>A
helmsman.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tim"or*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>timorosus</i>,
from L. <i>timor</i> fear; akin to <i>timere</i> to fear. See
<u>Timid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fearful of danger; timid; deficient
in courage.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indicating, or caused by, fear; as,
<i>timorous</i> doubts.</def> "The <i>timorous</i> apostasy of chuchmen."
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Tim"or*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tim"or*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tim"or*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Easily frightened;
timorous.</def> [Written also <i>timersome</i>.] [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tim"o*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <hw>Tim"o*thy
grass`</hw> (?) }. [From <i>Timothy</i> Hanson, who carried the seed from
New England to Maryland about 1720.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of grass
(<i>Phleum pratense</i>) with long cylindrical spikes; -- called also
<i>herd's grass</i>, in England, <i>cat's-tail grass</i>, and <i>meadow
cat's-tail grass</i>. It is much prized for fodder. See <i>Illustration</i>
in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Timeous</u>.]
<def>Timely; seasonable.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bacon.</i> -- <wf>Tim"ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Tim"pa*no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Timpani</b></plw> (#). [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>See
<u>Tympano</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"-whis`key</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
carriage. See <u>Whiskey</u>.</def>  <i>Southery.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [As. <i>tin</i>; akin to D.
<i>tin</i>, G. <i>zinn</i>, OHG. <i>zin</i>, Icel. &amp; Dan. <i>tin</i>, Sw.
<i>tenn</i>; of unknown origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
elementary substance found as an oxide in the mineral cassiterite, and
reduced as a soft white crystalline metal, malleable at ordinary
temperatures, but brittle when heated. It is not easily oxidized in the
air, and is used chiefly to coat iron to protect it from rusting, in the
form of tin foil with mercury to form the reflective surface of mirrors,
and in solder, bronze, speculum metal, and other alloys. Its compounds are
designated as <i>stannous</i>, or <i>stannic</i>. Symbol Sn
(<i>Stannum</i>). Atomic weight 117.4.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Thin plates of iron covered with tin; tin
plate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Money.</def> [Cant]  <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Block tin</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>commercial tin, cast
into blocks, and partially refined, but containing small quantities of
various impurities, as copper, lead, iron, arsenic, etc.; solid tin as
distinguished from tin plate; -- called also <i>bar tin</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Butter of tin</b></col>. <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Fuming
liquor of Libavius</i>, under <u>Fuming</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Grain
tin</b></col>. <i>(Metal.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Grain</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Salt of tin</b></col> <i>(Dyeing)</i>, <cd>stannous chloride,
especially so called when used as a mordant.</cd> -- <col><b>Stream
tin</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Stream</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tin
cry</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the peculiar creaking noise made when a
bar of tin is bent. It is produced by the grating of the crystal granules
on each other.</cd> -- <col><b>Tin foil</b></col>, <cd>tin reduced to a
thin leaf.</cd> -- <col><b>Tin frame</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a kind
of buddle used in washing tin ore.</cd> -- <col><b>Tin liquor</b></col>,
<col><b>Tin mordant</b></col> <i>(Dyeing)</i>, <cd>stannous chloride, used
as a mordant in dyeing and calico printing.</cd> -- <col><b>Tin
penny</b></col>, <cd>a customary duty in England, formerly paid to
tithingmen for liberty to dig in tin mines.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Bailey.</i> --
<col><b>Tin plate</b></col>, <cd>thin sheet iron coated with tin.</cd> --
<col><b>Tin pyrites</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Stannite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tinned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tinning</u>.] <def>To cover with tin or tinned iron, or to overlay with
tin foil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ti*nam"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of struthious birds, including the
tinamous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"a*mou</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name: cf.
F. <i>tinamous</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of
South American birds belonging to <i>Tinamus</i> and allied
genera.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In general appearance and habits they resemble grouse and
partridges, but in anatomical characters they are allied to the ostriches
and other struthious birds. Their wings are of moderate length, and they
are able to fly a considerable distance.</p>

<p><hw>Tin"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar., Per. &amp; Hind.
<i>tink&amacr;r</i>; cf. Malay <i>tingkal</i>; all fr. Skr.
<i>&?;a&?;ka&?;a</i>.  Cf. <u>Altincar</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Crude
native borax, formerly imported from Thibet. It was once the chief source
of boric compounds.  Cf. <u>Borax</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"chel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>tinchill</i>.] [Gael. <i>timchioll</i> a circuit, compass.] <def>A
circle of sportsmen, who, by surrounding an extensive space and gradually
closing in, bring a number of deer and game within a narrow compass.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We'll quell the savage mountaineer,<BR>
As their <i>tinchel</i> cows the game!</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tinct</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tinctus</i>, p. p. of
<i>tingere</i> to tinge. See <u>Tinge</u>.] <def>Tined; tinged.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tinct</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tint</u>.] <def>Color;
tinge; tincture; tint.</def> [Archaic] "Blue of heaven's own <i>tinct</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the devices blazoned on the shield,<BR>
In their own <i>tinct</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tinct</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Tinge</u>.] <def>To
color or stain; to imblue; to tint.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tinc*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tinctorius</i>,
from <i>tinctor</i> a dyer, <i>tingere</i>, <i>tinctum</i>, to dye: cf. F.
<i>tinctorial</i>. See <u>Tinge</u>.] <def>Of or relating to color or
colors; imparting a color; as, <i>tinctorial</i> matter.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tinc"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tinctura</i> a
dyeing, from <i>tingere</i>, <i>tinctum</i>, to tinge, dye: cf. OE.
<i>tainture</i>, <i>teinture</i>, F. <i>teinture</i>, L. <i>tinctura</i>.
See <u>Tinge</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tinge or shade of color; a
tint; as, a <i>tincture</i> of red.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of the metals, colors, or furs
used in armory.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are two metals: gold, called <i>or</i>, and represented in
engraving by a white surface covered with small dots; and silver, called
<i>argent</i>, and represented by a plain white surface. The colors and
their representations are as follows: red, called <i>gules</i>, or a
shading of vertical lines; blue, called <i>azure</i>, or horizontal lines;
black, called <i>sable</i>, or horizontal and vertical lines crossing;
green, called <i>vert</i>, or diagonal lines from dexter chief corner;
purple, called <i>purpure</i>, or diagonal lines from sinister chief
corner. The furs are <i>ermine</i>, <i>ermines</i>, <i>erminois</i>,
<i>pean</i>, <i>vair</i>, <i>counter vair</i>, <i>potent</i>, and
<i>counter potent</i>. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The finer and more volatile parts of a
substance, separated by a solvent; an extract of a part of the substance of
a body communicated to the solvent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A solution (commonly colored) of
medicinal substance in alcohol, usually more or less diluted; spirit
containing medicinal substances in solution.</def></p>

<p>&fist; According to the United States Pharmacop&oelig;ia, the term
<i>tincture</i> (also called <i>alcoholic tincture</i>, and <i>spirituous
tincture</i>) is reserved for the alcoholic solutions of nonvolatile
substances, alcoholic solutions of volatile substances being called
<i>spirits</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Ethereal tincture</b></col>, <cd>a solution of medicinal
substance in ether.</cd></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A slight taste superadded to any substance; as,
a <i>tincture</i> of orange peel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A slight quality added to anything; a tinge; as,
a <i>tincture</i> of French manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All manners take a <i>tincture</i> from our
own.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man had a slight <i>tincture</i> of soldiership, and
scarcely any man more than a slight <i>tincture</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tinc"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tinctured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tincturing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To communicate a slight foreign
color to; to tinge; to impregnate with some extraneous matter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A little black paint will <i>tincture</i> and spoil twenty
gay colors.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To imbue the mind of; to communicate a portion
of anything foreign to; to tinge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stain of habitual sin may thoroughly <i>tincture</i> all
our soul.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tind</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tenden</i>, AS.
<i>tendan</i>; akin to G. <i>z&uuml;nden</i>, OHG. <i>zunten</i>, Icel.
<i>tendra</i>, Sw. <i>t&auml;nda</i>, Dan. <i>t&aelig;nde</i>, Goth.
<i>tandjan</i> to kindle, <i>tundnan</i> to be kindled, to burn.  Cf.
<u>Tinder</u>.] <def>To kindle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name: cf.
Malayalam <i>ta&?;&?;al</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A petty officer among
lascars, or native East Indian sailors; a boatswain's mate; a
cockswain.</def> [India]  <i>Malcom.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An attendant on an army.</def> [India]
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tinder</i>,
<i>tunder</i>, AS. <i>tynder</i>, <i>tyndre</i>; akin to <i>tendan</i> to
kindle, D. <i>tonder</i> tinder, G. <i>zunder</i>, OHG. <i>zuntara</i>,
<i>zuntra</i>, Icel. <i>tundr</i>, Sw. <i>tunder</i>, Dan.
<i>t&ouml;nder</i>. See <u>Tind</u>.] <def>Something very inflammable, used
for kindling fire from a spark, as scorched linen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>German tinder</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Amadou</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Tinder box</b></col>, <cd>a box in which tinder is kept.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1511 !></p>

<p><hw>Tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Teen</u> affliction.]
<def>Trouble; distress; teen.</def> [Obs.] "Cruel winter's <i>tine</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Tind</u>.] <def>To
kindle; to set on fire.</def> [Obs.] See <u>Tind</u>. "To <i>tine</i> the
cloven wood."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Coals of contention and hot vengeance
<i>tind</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tine</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tine</u> distress, or
<u>Tine</u> to kindle.] <def>To kindle; to rage; to smart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ne was there slave, ne was there medicine<BR>
That mote recure their wounds; so inly they did <i>tine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>t&?;nan</i>, from
<i>t&?;n</i> an inclosure. See <u>Town</u>.] <def>To shut in, or
inclose.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tind</i>, AS. <i>tind</i>;
akin to MHG. <i>zint</i>, Icel. <i>tindr</i>, Sw. <i>tinne</i>, and
probably to G. <i>zinne</i> a pinnacle, OHG. <i>zinna</i>, and E.
<i>tooth</i>. See <u>Tooth</u>.] <def>A tooth, or spike, as of a fork; a
prong, as of an antler.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tin"e*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a worm, a moth.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A name applied to various skin
diseases, but especially to ringworm. See <u>Ringworm</u>, and
<u>Sycosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small
Lepidoptera, including the clothes moths and carpet moths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
species of Tinea, or of the family <i>Tineid&aelig;</i>, which includes
numerous small moths, many of which are injurious to woolen and fur goods
and to cultivated plants. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with tines; as,
a three-<i>tined</i> fork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"e*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Tinean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tine"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tinemen</b></plw> (#). [Probably akin to <i>tine</i> to shut or
inclose.] <i>(O. Eng. Forest Law)</i> <def>An officer of the forest who had
the care of vert and venison by night.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ti"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Tine</u> to shut in,
inclose.] <def>Brushwood and thorns for making and repairing hedges.</def>
[Obs. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [An imitative word.  Cf.
<u>Tink</u>.] <def>A sharp sound, as of a bell; a tinkling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ting</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sound or ring, as a bell;
to tinkle.</def> [R.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ting</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The apartment in a Chinese
temple where the idol is kept.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tinge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tinged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tingeing</u> (?).] [L. <i>tingere</i>, <i>tinctum</i>, to dye, stain,
wet; akin to Gr. &?;, and perhaps to G. <i>tunken</i> to dip, OHG.
<i>tunch&omacr;n</i>, <i>dunch&omacr;n</i>, <i>thunk&omacr;n</i>.  Cf.
<u>Distain</u>, <u>Dunker</u>, <u>Stain</u>, <u>Taint</u> a stain, to
stain, <u>Tincture</u>, <u>Tint</u>.] <def>To imbue or impregnate with
something different or foreign; as, to <i>tinge</i> a decoction with a
bitter taste; to affect in some degree with the qualities of another
substance, either by mixture, or by application to the surface; especially,
to color slightly; to stain; as, to <i>tinge</i> a blue color with red; an
infusion <i>tinged</i> with a yellow color by saffron.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His [Sir Roger's] virtues, as well as imperfections, are
<i>tinged</i> by a certain extravagance.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To color; dye; stain.</p>

<p><hw>Tinge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A degree, usually a slight
degree, of some color, taste, or something foreign, infused into another
substance or mixture, or added to it; tincture; color; dye; hue; shade;
taste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His notions, too, respecting the government of the state,
took a <i>tinge</i> from his notions respecting the government of the
church.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tingens</i>, p. pr.
of <i>tingere</i> to tinge. See <u>Tinge</u>.] <def>Having the power to
tinge.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As for the white part, it appears much less enriched with
the <i>tingent</i> property.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
tinges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"gid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the genus Tingis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tin"gis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of small hemipterous insects which injure trees by sucking the
sap from the leaves. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tingled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tingling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>ting</i>.  Cf. <u>Tinkle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To feel a kind of thrilling sensation, as in
hearing a shrill sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At which both the ears of every one that heareth it shall
tingle.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. iii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feel a sharp, thrilling pain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pale boy senator yet <i>tingling</i>
stands.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have, or to cause, a sharp, thrilling
sensation, or a slight pricking sensation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They suck pollution through their <i>tingling</i>
vein.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tinken</i>; of
imitative origin.  Cf. <u>Ting</u> a tinkling, <u>Tinker</u>.] <def>To make
a sharp, shrill noise; to tinkle.</def>  <i>Wyclif (1 Cor. xiii.
1).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp, quick sound; a
tinkle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Tink</u>, because
the tinker's way of proclaiming his trade is to beat a kettle, or because
in his work he makes a <i>tinkling</i> noise. <i>Johnson</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mender of brass kettles, pans, and other metal
ware.</def> "Tailors and <i>tinkers</i>."  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One skilled in a variety of small mechanical
work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Ordnance)</i> <def>A small mortar on the end of a
staff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A young
mackerel about two years old.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The chub
mackerel.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The silversides.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A skate.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The razor-billed
auk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tink"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tinkered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tinkering</u>.] <def>To mend or solder, as metal wares; hence, more
generally, to mend.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tink"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To busy one's self in
mending old kettles, pans, etc.; to play the tinker; to be occupied with
small mechanical works.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tink"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or work of a
tinker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tink"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>After the manner of a
tinker.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tink"er*shire</hw> (?), <hw>Tin"kle</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common guillemot.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tin"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of <i>tink</i>. See
<u>Tink</u>, <u>Tingle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make, or give
forth, small, quick, sharp sounds, as a piece of metal does when struck; to
clink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As sounding brass, or a <i>tinkling</i> cymbal.</blockquote>
<i>1 Cor. xiii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sprightly horse<BR>
Moves to the music of his <i>tinkling</i> bells.</blockquote>
<i>Dodsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hear, or resound with, a small, sharp
sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And his ears <i>tinkled</i>, and the color
fled.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tinkled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tinkling</u>.] <def>To cause to clonk, or make small, sharp, quick
sounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small, sharp, quick sound,
as that made by striking metal.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tinker.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tin"kling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
tinkle, or succession of tinkles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drowsy <i>tinklings</i> lull the distant folds.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A grackle (<i>Quiscalus
crassirostris</i>) native of Jamaica. It often associates with domestic
cattle, and rids them of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tinmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A manufacturer of tin vessels; a
dealer in tinware.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"mouth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The crappie.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tinned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered, or plated, with tin; as, a <i>tinned</i> roof; <i>tinned</i>
iron.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Packed in tin cases; canned; as, <i>tinned</i>
meats.</def>  <i>Cassell (Dict. of Cookery).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"nen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made or consisting of
tin.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tin"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who works in a tin mine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who makes, or works in, tinware; a
tinman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"ni*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tinniens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>tinnire</i> to ring, tinkle.] <def>Emitting a clear sound.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tin"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act, art, or process of covering or coating anything with melted tin, or
with tin foil, as kitchen utensils, locks, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The covering or lining of tin thus put
on.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tin*ni"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>tinnire</i>
to jingle.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A ringing, whistling, or other imaginary
noise perceived in the ears; -- called also <i>tinnitus
aurium</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"nock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
blue titmouse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tin"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, abounding
with, or resembling, tin.</def> "The <i>tinny</i> strand."
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>&eacute;tincelle</i> a
spark, OF. <i>estincelle</i>, L. <i>scintilla</i>.  Cf. <u>Scintillate</u>,
<u>Stencil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shining material used for
ornamental purposes; especially, a very thin, gauzelike cloth with much
gold or silver woven into it; also, very thin metal overlaid with a thin
coating of gold or silver, brass foil, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who can discern the <i>tinsel</i> from the
gold?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something shining and gaudy; something
superficially shining and showy, or having a false luster, and more gay
than valuable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O happy peasant! O unhappy bard!<BR>
His the mere <i>tinsel</i>, hers the rich reward.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"sel</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Showy to excess; gaudy;
specious; superficial.</def> "<i>Tinsel</i> trappings."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"sel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tinseled</u> (?) or <u>Tinselled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Tinseling</u> or <u>Tinselling</u>.] <def>To adorn with
tinsel; to deck out with cheap but showy ornaments; to make
gaudy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She, <i>tinseled</i> o'er in robes of varying
hues.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"sel*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like tinsel; gaudy;
showy, but cheap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"sel*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a showy and cheap
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"smith`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who works in tin;
a tinner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Cassiterite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tint</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For older <i>tinct</i>, fr. L.
<i>tinctus</i>, p. p. of <i>tingere</i> to dye: cf. F. <i>teinte</i>,
<i>teint</i>, It. <i>tinta</i>, <i>tinto</i>. See <u>Tinge</u>, and cf.
<u>Taint</u> to stain, a stain, <u>Tent</u> a kind of wine, <u>Tinto</u>.]
<def>A slight coloring.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pale or faint tinge of any color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or blend in beauteous <i>tints</i> the colored
mass.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their vigor sickens, and their <i>tints</i>
decline.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A color considered with reference to other very
similar colors; as, red and blue are different colors, but two shades of
scarlet are different <i>tints</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Engraving)</i> <def>A shaded effect produced by
the juxtaposition of many fine parallel lines.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tint tool</b></col> <i>(Eng.)</i>, <cd>a species of graver used
for cutting the parallel lines which produce tints in engraving.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tint</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tinted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tinting</u>.] <def>To
give a slight coloring to; to tinge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin`ta*mar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tintamarre</i>.]
<def>A hideous or confused noise; an uproar.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"ter*nell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A certain old
dance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"tie</hw> (t&ibreve;n"t&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wren.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tin`tin*nab"u*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Tin`tin*nab"u*la*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tintinnabulum</i> a little bell, fr.
<i>tintinnare</i> to ring, to jingle, <i>tinnire</i> to jingle.]
<def>Having or making the sound of a bell; tinkling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin`tin*nab`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tinkling
sound, as of a bell or bells.</def>  <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin`tin*nab"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, the tinkling of a bell; having a tinkling
sound; tintinnabular.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tin"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg., tinged, fr. L.
<i>tinctus</i>, p. p. of <i>tingere</i> to tinge. See <u>Tint</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A red Madeira wine, wanting the high aroma of
the white sorts, and, when old, resembling tawny port.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"type`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ferrotype</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tin"ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Articles made of
tinned iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Tinier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Tiniest</u>.] [Probably fr.
<i>tine</i>, <i>teen</i>, trouble, distress, vexation.] <def>Very small;
little; puny.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When that I was and a little <i>tiny</i> boy.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D. &amp; Dan. <i>tip</i>,
LG. &amp; Sw. <i>tipp</i>, G. <i>zipfel</i>, and probably to E. <i>tap</i> a
plug, a pipe.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The point or extremity of anything;
a pointed or somewhat sharply rounded end; the end; as, the <i>tip</i> of
the finger; the <i>tip</i> of a spear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the very <i>tip</i> of the nose.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An end piece or part; a piece, as a cap, nozzle,
ferrule, or point, applied to the extreme end of anything; as, a <i>tip</i>
for an umbrella, a shoe, a gas burner, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Hat Manuf.)</i> <def>A piece of stiffened lining
pasted on the inside of a hat crown.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A thin, boarded brush made of camel's hair, used
by gilders in lifting gold leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Rubbish thrown from a quarry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tipping</u>.] <def>To form a point upon; to cover the tip, top, or end
of; as, to <i>tip</i> anything with gold or silver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With truncheon <i>tipped</i> with iron head.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tipped</i> with jet,<BR>
Fair ermines spotless as the snows they press.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. LG. <i>tippen</i> to tap, Sw.
<i>tippa</i>, and E. <i>tap</i> to strike gently.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To strike slightly; to tap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A third rogue <i>tips</i> me by the elbow.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bestow a gift, or douceur, upon; to give a
present to; as, to <i>tip</i> a servant.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lower one end of, or to throw upon the end;
to tilt; as, to <i>tip</i> a cask; to <i>tip</i> a cart.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To tip off</b></col>, <cd>to pour out, as liquor.</cd> --
<col><b>To tip over</b></col>, <cd>to overturn.</cd> -- <col><b>To tip the
wink</b></col>, <cd>to direct a wink; to give a hint or suggestion by, or
as by, a wink.</cd> [Slang] <i>Pope.</i> -- <col><b>To tip up</b></col>,
<cd>to turn partly over by raising one end.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tip</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To fall on, or incline to,
one side.</def>  <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To tip off</b></col>, <cd>to fall off by tipping.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tip</u> to strike slightly,
and cf. <u>Tap</u> a slight blow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A light touch or
blow; a tap.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gift; a douceur; a fee.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A hint, or secret intimation, as to the chances
in a horse race, or the like.</def> [Sporting Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Tip"cart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cart so constructed
that the body can be easily tipped, in order to dump the load.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip"cat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game in which a small
piece of wood pointed at both ends, called a <i>cat</i>, is tipped, or
struck with a stick or bat, so as to fly into the air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the middle of a game at <i>tipcat</i>, he paused, and
stood staring wildly upward with his stick in his hand.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of ale brewed
with brackish water obtained from a particular well; -- so called from the
first brewer of it, one Thomas <i>Tipper</i>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tip"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tipet</i>,
<i>tepet</i>, AS. <i>t&aelig;ppet</i>, probably fr. L. <i>tapete</i>
tapestry, hangings.  Cf. <u>Tape</u>, <u>Tapestry</u>, <u>Tapet</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cape, or scarflike garment for covering the neck,
or the neck and shoulders, -- usually made of fur, cloth, or other warm
material.</def>  <i>Chaucer. Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A length of twisted hair or gut in a fish
line.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A handful of straw bound together at one end,
and used for thatching.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tippet grebe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the great
crested grebe, or one of several similar species.</cd> -- <col><b>Tippet
grouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the ruffed grouse.</cd> --
<col><b>To turn tippet</b></col>, <cd>to change.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tip"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A
distinct articulation given in playing quick notes on the flute, by
striking the tongue against the roof of the mouth; double-
tonguing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tippled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tippling</u> (?).] [From <i>tip</i> a small end, or a word akin to it;
cf. Norw. <i>tipla</i> to tipple, to drip, Prov. E. <i>tip</i>,
<i>tiff</i>, <i>tift</i>, a draught of liquor, dial. G. <i>zipfeln</i> to
eat and drink in small parts. See <u>Tip</u> a point, and cf.
<u>Tipsy</u>.] <def>To drink spirituous or strong liquors habitually; to
indulge in the frequent and improper used of spirituous liquors;
especially, to drink frequently in small quantities, but without absolute
drunkeness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Few of those who were summoned left their homes, and those
few generally found it more agreeable to <i>tipple</i> in alehouses than to
pace the streets.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tip"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
drink, as strong liquors, frequently or in excess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Himself, for saving charges,<BR>
A peeled, sliced onions eats, and <i>tipples</i> verjuice.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put up in bundles in order to dry, as
hay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip"ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Liquor taken in tippling;
drink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pulque, the national <i>tipple</i> of Mexico.</blockquote>
<i>S. B. Griffin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tip"pled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Intoxicated;
inebriated; tipsy; drunk.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tip"pler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who keeps a tippling-house.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who habitually indulges in the excessive use
of spirituous liquors, whether he becomes intoxicated or not.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip"pling-house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house in
which liquors are sold in drams or small quantities, to be drunk on the
premises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip"si*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Tipsy</i> + <i>-
fy</i>.] <def>To make tipsy.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tip"si*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tipsy manner; like
one tipsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip"si*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
tipsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip"staff`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tipstaff</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A staff tipped
with metal.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An officer who bears a staff tipped with metal;
a constable.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tip"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Tipsier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Tipsiest</u>.] [Akin to
<i>tipple</i>; cf. Prov. G. <i>tips</i> drunkenness, be<i>tipst</i> drunk,
tipsy. See <u>Tipple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being under the
influence of strong drink; rendered weak or foolish by liquor, but not
absolutely or completely drunk; fuddled; intoxicated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Staggering, as if from intoxication;
reeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Midnight shout and revelry,<BR>
<i>Tipsy</i> dance and jollity.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tip"toe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tiptoes</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The end, or tip, of the
toe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He must . . . stand on his <i>typtoon</i>
[tiptoes].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon his <i>tiptoes</i> stalketh stately by.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be</b></col>, or <col><b>To stand</b></col>, <col><b>a
tiptoe</b></col> or <col><b>on tiptoe</b></col>, <cd>to be awake or alive
to anything; to be roused; to be eager or alert; as, <i>to be a tiptoe</i>
with expectation.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1512 !></p>

<p><hw>Tip"toe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being on tiptoe, or as on tiptoe; hence, raised as high as possible;
lifted up; exalted; also, alert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Night's candles are burnt out, and jocund day<BR>
Stands <i>tiptoe</i> on the misty mountain tops.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Above the <i>tiptoe</i> pinnacle of glory.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Noiseless; stealthy.</def> "With <i>tiptoe</i>
step."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tiptoe mirth</b></col>, <cd>the highest degree of mirth.</cd>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tip"toe`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To step or walk on
tiptoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip"top`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tip</i> end +
<i>top</i>.] <def>The highest or utmost degree; the best of anything.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tip"top`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very excellent; most
excellent; perfect.</def> [Colloq.] "Four <i>tiptop</i> voices."
<i>Gray.</i> "Sung in a <i>tiptop</i> manner." <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tip"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Tipul&aelig;</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Tipulas</b></plw> (#). [L.,
the water spider, or water spinner.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
many species of long-legged dipterous insects belonging to <i>Tipula</i>
and allied genera. They have long and slender bodies. See <i>Crane fly</i>,
under <u>Crane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tipulaire</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
tipulas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
spotted sandpiper; -- called also <i>teeter-tail</i>. See under
<u>Sandpiper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti*rade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. It. <i>tirada</i>,
properly, a pulling; hence, a lengthening out, a long speech, a tirade, fr.
<i>tirare</i> to draw; of Teutonic origin, and akin to E. <i>tear</i> to
redn. See <u>Tear</u> to rend, and cf. <u>Tire</u> to tear.] <def>A
declamatory strain or flight of censure or abuse; a rambling invective; an
oration or harangue abounding in censorious and bitter language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here he delivers a violent <i>tirade</i> against persons who
profess to know anything about angels.</blockquote> <i>Quarterly
Review.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ti`rail`leur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from
<i>tirailler</i> to skirmish, wrest, from <i>tirer</i> to draw.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Formerly, a member of an independent body of marksmen in
the French army. They were used sometimes in front of the army to annoy the
enemy, sometimes in the rear to check his pursuit. The term is now applied
to all troops acting as skirmishers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tier, row, or rank. See
<u>Tier</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In posture to displode their second <i>tire</i><BR>
Of thunder.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tire</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of <i>attire</i>; OE.
<i>tir</i>, <i>a tir</i>. See <u>Attire</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Attire; apparel.</def> [Archaic] "Having rich <i>tire</i> about you."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A covering for the head; a headdress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On her head she wore a <i>tire</i> of gold.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A child's apron, covering the breast and having
no sleeves; a pinafore; a tier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Furniture; apparatus; equipment.</def> [Obs.]
"The <i>tire</i> of war."  <i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> [Probably the same word, and so called as being an
attire or covering for the wheel.] <def>A hoop or band, as of metal, on the
circumference of the wheel of a vehicle, to impart strength and receive the
wear.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The iron <i>tire</i> of a wagon wheel or cart wheel binds the
fellies together. The <i>tire</i> of a locomotive or railroad-car wheel is
a heavy hoop of iron or steel shrunk tightly upon an iron central part. The
wheel of a bicycle has a <i>tire</i> of India rubber.</p>

<p><hw>Tire</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To adorn; to attire; to
dress.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[Jezebel] painted her face, and <i>tired</i> her
head.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings ix. 30.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tire</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>tirer</i> to draw or pull;
of Teutonic origin, and akin to E. <i>tear</i> to rend. See <u>Tirade</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To seize, pull, and tear prey, as a hawk
does.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Even as an empty eagle, sharp by fast,<BR>
<i>Tires</i> with her beak on feathers, flesh, and bone.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye dregs of baseness, vultures among men,<BR>
That <i>tire</i> upon the hearts of generous spirits.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To seize, rend, or tear something as prey; to be
fixed upon, or engaged with, anything.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thus made she her remove,<BR>
And left wrath <i>tiring</i> on her son.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon that were my thoughts <i>tiring</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tire</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tiring</u>.] [OE.
<i>teorien</i> to become weary, to fail, AS. <i>teorian</i> to be tired, be
weary, to tire, exhaust; perhaps akin to E. <i>tear</i> to rend, the
intermediate sense being, perhaps, to wear out; or cf. E. <i>tarry</i>.]
<def>To become weary; to be fatigued; to have the strength fail; to have
the patience exhausted; as, a feeble person soon <i>tires</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tire</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exhaust the strength of,
as by toil or labor; to exhaust the patience of; to wear out (one's
interest, attention, or the like); to weary; to fatigue; to jade.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tired</i> with toil, all hopes of safety
past.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To tire out</b></col>, <cd>to weary or fatigue to exhaustion; to
harass.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To jade; weary; exhaust; harass. See <u>Jade</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Tired</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weary; fatigued;
exhausted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tired"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being tired,
or weary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tire"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Untiring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tire"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tired; fatigued.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tire"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fitted or tending to
tire; exhausted; wearisome; fatiguing; tedious; as, a <i>tiresome</i>
journey; a <i>tiresome</i> discourse.</def> -- <wf>Tire"some*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Tire"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tire"-wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tire-women</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Tire</u> attire, <u>Attire</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A lady's maid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fashionableness of the <i>tire-woman's</i>
making.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dresser in a theater.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tir"ing-house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>attiring
house</i>.] <def>A tiring-room.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tir"ing-room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>attiring
room</i>.] <def>The room or place where players dress for the
stage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tir"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The oyster catcher.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ti"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Same as
<u>Tyro</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>T" i`ron</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>T</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti*ro"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Tironianus</i>,
fr. <i>Tiro</i>, the learned freedman and amanuensis of Cicero.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Tiro, or a system of shorthand said to have been introduced
by him into ancient Rome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tir"ra*lir`ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A verbal imitation
of a musical sound, as of the note of a lark or a horn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lark, that <i>tirra lyra</i> chants.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>Tirralira</i>, " by the river,<BR>
Sang Sir Lancelot.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tir"rit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A word from the
vocabulary of Mrs. Quickly, the hostess in Shakespeare's Henry IV.,
probably meaning <i>terror</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tir"wit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Pewit</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lapwing.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>'T is</hw> (?). <def>A common contraction of <i>it is</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti*sane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Ptisan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"sar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tisard</i>.] <i>(Glass
Manuf.)</i> <def>The fireplace at the side of an annealing oven.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tis"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Tis"ic*al</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[For <i>phthisic</i>, <i>phthisical</i>.] <def>Consumptive,
phthisical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tis"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Consumption; phthisis. See
<u>Phthisis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tis"ick*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consumptive,
phthisical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tis"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>tishr&imacr;</i>, fr.
Chald. <i>sher&amacr;'</i> to open, to begin.] <def>The seventh month of
the Jewish ecclesiastical year, answering to a part of September with a
part of October.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tis"sue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tissu</i>, fr.
<i>tissu</i>, p. p. of <i>tisser</i>, <i>tistre</i>, to weave, fr. L.
<i>texere</i>. See <u>Text</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woven
fabric.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fine transparent silk stuff, used for veils,
etc.; specifically, cloth interwoven with gold or silver threads, or
embossed with figures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A robe of <i>tissue</i>, stiff with golden
wire.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In their glittering <i>tissues</i> bear emblazed<BR>
Holy memorials.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the elementary materials
or fibres, having a uniform structure and a specialized function, of which
ordinary animals and plants are composed; a texture; as, epithelial
<i>tissue</i>; connective <i>tissue</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>tissue</i> is also often applied in a wider sense to
all the materials or elementary tissues, differing in structure and
function, which go to make up an organ; as, vascular <i>tissue</i>,
tegumentary <i>tissue</i>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Web; texture; complicated fabrication;
connected series; as, a <i>tissue</i> of forgeries, or of
falsehood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unwilling to leave the dry bones of Agnosticism wholly
unclothed with any living <i>tissue</i> of religious emotion.</blockquote>
<i>A. J. Balfour.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tissue paper</b></col>, <cd>very thin, gauzelike paper, used for
protecting engravings in books, for wrapping up delicate articles,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tis"sue</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tissued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tissuing</u>.] <def>To form tissue of; to interweave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Covered with cloth of gold <i>tissued</i> upon
blue.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tis"sued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clothed in, or adorned
with, tissue; also, variegated; as, <i>tissued</i> flowers.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And crested chiefs and <i>tissued</i> dames<BR>
Assembled at the clarion's call.</blockquote> <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
horse.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A woman; -- used in contempt.</def>
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A morsel; a bit.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [OE.; cf. Icel. <i>titter</i> a tit or small bird.
The word probably meant originally, something small, and is perhaps the
same as <i>teat</i>.  Cf. <u>Titmouse</u>, <u>Tittle</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of numerous species of
small singing birds belonging to the families <i>Parid&aelig;</i> and
<i>Leiotrichid&aelig;</i>; a titmouse.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
European meadow pipit; a titlark.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ground tit</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Wren
tit</i>, under <u>Wren</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Hill tit</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of Asiatic singing
birds belonging to <i>Siva</i>, <i>Milna</i>, and allied genera.</cd> --
<col><b>Tit babbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several
species of small East Indian and Asiatic timaline birds of the genus
<i>Trichastoma</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tit for tat</b></col>. [Probably for
<i>tip for tap</i>. See <u>Tip</u> a slight blow.] <cd>An equivalent;
retaliation.</cd> -- <col><b>Tit thrush</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of numerous species of Asiatic and East Indian birds belonging
to <i>Suthora</i> and allied genera. In some respects they are intermediate
between the thrushes and titmice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ti"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Titanic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Titan</i> physical difficulties of his
enterprise.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti"tan*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt
of titanic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti*tan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to
Titans, or fabled giants of ancient mythology; hence, enormous in size or
strength; as, <i>Titanic</i> structures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti*tan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>titanique</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to titanium; derived from, or
containing, titanium; specifically, designating those compounds of titanium
in which it has a higher valence as contrasted with the <i>titanous</i>
compounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Titanic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white amorphous
powder, Ti.(OH)<sub>4</sub>, obtained by decomposing certain titanates; --
called also <i>normal titanic acid</i>. By extension, any one of a series
of derived acids, called also <i>metatitanic acid</i>, <i>polytitanic
acid</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Titanic iron ore</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Menaccanite</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ti`tan*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Titanium</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>titanif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Containing or
affording titanium; as, <i>titaniferous</i> magnetite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"tan*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>titanite</i>; -
- so called from containing titanic acid.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Sphene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti`tan*it"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
containing, titanium; as, a <i>titanitic</i> mineral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti*ta"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>Titani</i> or <i>Titanes</i>, Gr. &?;, the sons of the earth.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An elementary substance found combined in the minerals
manaccanite, rutile, sphene, etc., and isolated as an infusible iron-gray
amorphous powder, having a metallic luster. It burns when heated in the
air. Symbol Ti. Atomic weight 48.1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"tan*o-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also used
adjectively) designating certain <i>double compounds of titanium</i> with
some other elements; as, <i>titano</i>-cyanide, <i>titano</i>-fluoride,
<i>titano</i>-silicate, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ti`tan*o*the"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; a Titan + &?;, dim. of &?; a beast.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A large
American Miocene mammal, allied to the rhinoceros, and more nearly to the
extinct Brontotherium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"tan*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating certain
compounds of titanium in which that element has a lower valence as
contrasted with <i>titanic</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tit"bit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Tidbit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tith</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Tight</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Tight; nimble.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of a good stirring strain too, she goes
<i>tith</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tith"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subject to the
payment of tithes; as, <i>tithable</i> lands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tithe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tithe</i>,
<i>tethe</i>, properly an adj., tenth, AS. <i>te&oacute;&?;a</i> the tenth;
akin to <i>ti&eacute;n</i>, <i>t&?;n</i>, <i>t&emacr;n</i>, ten, G.
<i>zehnte</i>, adj., tenth, n., a tithe, Icel. <i>t&imacr;und</i> the
tenth; tithe, Goth. <i>ta&iacute;hunda</i> tenth. See <u>Ten</u>, and cf.
<u>Tenth</u>, <u>Teind</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tenth; the tenth
part of anything; specifically, the tenthpart of the increase arising from
the profits of land and stock, allotted to the clergy for their support, as
in England, or devoted to religious or charitable uses. Almost all the
<i>tithes</i> of England and Wales are commuted by law into rent
charges.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tithes</i> of the corn, the new wine, and the
oil.</blockquote> <i>Neh. xiii. 5.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Tithes</i> are called <i>personal</i> when accuring from
labor, art, trade, and navigation; <i>predial</i>, when issuing from the
earth, as hay, wood, and fruit; and <i>mixed</i>, when accuring from beaste
fed from the ground.  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a small part or proportion.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Great tithes</b></col>, <cd>tithes of corn, hay, and wood.</cd>
-- <col><b>Mixed tithes</b></col>, <cd>tithes of wool, milk, pigs,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Small tithes</b></col>, <cd>personal and mixed
tithes.</cd> -- <col><b>Tithe commissioner</b></col>, <cd>one of a board of
officers appointed by the government for arranging propositions for
commuting, or compounding for, tithes.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tithe</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tenth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>tithe</i> soul, 'mongst many thousand.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tithe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tithed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tithing</u>.] [As.
<i>te&oacute;&?;ian</i>.] <def>To levy a tenth part on; to tax to the
amount of a tenth; to pay tithes on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye <i>tithe</i> mint and rue.</blockquote> <i>Luke xi.
42.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tithe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Tp pay tithes.</def> [R.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tith"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who collects tithes.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who pays tithes.</def> [R.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tith"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>te&oacute;&?;ung</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of levying or taking tithes; that which is
taken as tithe; a tithe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To take <i>tithing</i> of their blood and
sweat.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A number or company of ten
householders who, dwelling near each other, were sureties or frankpledges
to the king for the good behavior of each other; a decennary.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tith"ing*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tithingmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>The chief man of a tithing; a headborough; one elected to preside over
the tithing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A peace officer; an under
constable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A parish officer elected annually to preserve
good order in the church during divine service, to make complaint of any
disorderly conduct, and to enforce the observance of the Sabbath.</def>
[Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tith"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Tith</u>.]
<def>Tightly; nimbly.</def> [Obs.] "I have seen him trip it <i>tithly</i>."
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti*thon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Tithonius</i>
belonging to <i>Tithonus</i>, the consort of Aurora, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of,
pertaining to, or denoting, those rays of light which produce chemical
effects; actinic.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tith`o*nic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem. &
Physics)</i> <def>The state or property of being tithonic; actinism.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ti*thon`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tithon</i>ic +
<i>-graph</i> + <i>-ic</i>.] <def>Of, relating to, or produced by, the
chemical action of rays of light; photographic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tith`o*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tithon</i>ic +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument or apparatus for measuring or detecting
tithonicity; an actinometer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tith"y*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tithymalus</i> a
plant with a milklike sap, Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>tithymale</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any kind of spurge, esp. <i>Euphorbia Cyparissias</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Teetee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tit"il*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Titillated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Titillating</u>.] [L. <i>titillatus</i>, p. p. of <i>titillare</i>.]
<def>To tickle; as, to <i>titillate</i> the nose with a feather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pungent grains of <i>titillating</i> dust.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tit`il*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>titillatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>titillation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of tickling, or
the state of being tickled; a tickling sensation.</def>  <i>A.
Tucker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any pleasurable sensation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>titillations</i> that reach no higher than the
senses.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tit"il*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending or
serving to titillate, or tickle; tickling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tit"lark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tit</i> a small bird +
<i>lark</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous small spring
birds belonging to <i>Anthus</i>, <i>Corydalla</i>, and allied genera,
which resemble the true larks in color and in having a very long hind claw;
especially, the European meadow pipit (<i>Anthus pratensis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>title</i>, F.
<i>titre</i>, L. <i>titulus</i> an inscription, label, title, sign, token.
Cf. <u>Tilde</u>, <u>Titrate</u>, <u>Titular</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An inscription put over or upon anything as a name by which it is
known.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The inscription in the beginning of a book,
usually containing the subject of the work, the author's and publisher's
names, the date, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bookbindng)</i> <def>The panel for the name,
between the bands of the back of a book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A section or division of a subject, as of a law,
a book, specif. <i>(Roman &amp; Canon Laws)</i>, a chapter or division of a law
book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An appellation of dignity, distinction, or
pre&euml;minence (hereditary or acquired), given to persons, as duke
marquis, honorable, esquire, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With his former <i>title</i> greet Macbeth.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A name; an appellation; a designation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That which
constitutes a just cause of exclusive possession; that which is the
foundation of ownership of property, real or personal; a right; as, a good
<i>title</i> to an estate, or an imperfect <i>title</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The instrument which is evidence of a right.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Canon Law)</i> <def>That by which a beneficiary
holds a benefice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Church Records)</i> <def>A church to which a
priest was ordained, and where he was to reside.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Title deeds</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the muniments or
evidences of ownership; as, the <i>title deeds</i> to an estate.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Epithet; name; appellation; denomination. See
<u>epithet</u>, and <u>Name</u>.</p>

<p><! p. 1513 !></p>

<p><hw>Ti"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Titled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Titling</u> (?).] [Cf. L. <i>titulare</i>, F. <i>titrer</i>. See
<u>Title</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To call by a title; to name; to
entitle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hadrian, having quieted the island, took it for honor to be
<i>titled</i> on his coin, "The Restorer of Britain."</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti"tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or bearing a
title.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"tle*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having a title
or name; without legitimate title.</def> "A <i>titleless</i> tyrant."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti"tle-page`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The page of a book
which contains it title.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The world's all <i>title-page</i>; there's no
contents.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tit"ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large truncated cone
of refined sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tit"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>titlingr</i> a tit
sparrow. See <u>Tit</u> a small bird.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hedge sparrow; -- called
also <i>titlene</i>. Its nest often chosen by the cuckoo as a place for
depositing its own eggs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>titling</i>, . . . being thus deceived, hatcheth the
egg, and bringeth up the chick of another bird.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The meadow pipit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Stockfish; -- formerly so called in
customhouses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tit"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The blue titmouse.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tit"mouse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Titmice</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>titemose</i>, <i>titmase</i>;
<i>tit</i> small, or a small bird + AS. <i>m&amacr;se</i> a kind of small
bird; akin to D. <i>mees</i> a titmouse, G. <i>meise</i>, OHG.
<i>meisa</i>, Icel. <i>meisingr</i>. The English form has been influenced
by the unrelated word <i>mouse</i>.  Cf. <u>Tit</u> a small bird.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of small insectivorous
singing birds belonging to <i>Parus</i> and allied genera; -- called also
<i>tit</i>, and <i>tomtit</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The blue titmouse (<i>Parus c&oelig;ruleus</i>), the marsh
titmouse (<i>P. palustris</i>), the crested titmouse (<i>P. cristatus</i>),
the great titmouse (<i>P. major</i>), and the long tailed titmouse
(<i>&AElig;githalos caudatus</i>), are the best-known European species. See
<u>Chickadee</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ti"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Titrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Titrating</u>.] [F. <i>titrer</i>, from <i>titre</i> standard, title.
See <u>Title</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To analyse, or
determine the strength of, by means of standard solutions.  Cf.
<i>Standardized solution</i>, under <u>Solution</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"tra*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Standardized; determined or analyzed by titration; as, <i>titrated</i>
solutions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
act or process of titrating; a substance obtained by titrating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tittered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tittering</u>.] [Probably of imitative origin.] <def>To laugh with the
tongue striking against the root of the upper teeth; to laugh with
restraint, or without much noise; to giggle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A group of <i>tittering</i> pages ran before.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A restrained laugh.</def>
"There was a <i>titter</i> of . . . delight on his countenance."
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To seesaw. See
<u>Teeter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tit"ter*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The whimbrel.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tit"ter-tot`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Teeter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tit"ti*mouse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Titmouse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tit"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>titel</i>,
<i>titil</i>, apparently a dim. of <i>tit</i>, in the sense of small; cf.
G. <i>t&uuml;ttel</i> a tittle, dim. of OHG. <i>tutta</i> teat. Perhaps,
however, the same word as <i>title</i>, n.] <def>A particle; a minute part;
a jot; an iota.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is easier for heaven and earth to pass, than one
<i>tittle</i> of the law to fail.</blockquote> <i>Luke xvi. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>tittle</i> of this prophecy is most exactly
verified.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tit"tle*bat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The three-spined stickleback.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tit"tle-tat`tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A reduplication of
<i>tattle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Idle, trifling talk; empty
prattle.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An idle, trifling talker; a gossip.</def> [R.]
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tit"tle-tat`tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To talk idly; to
prate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tit"tle-tat`tling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
habit of parting idly or gossiping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tit"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little teat; a
nipple.</def> [Familiar]</p>

<p><hw>Tit"u*bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>titubatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>titubare</i> to stagger, totter.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
stumble.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rock or roll, as a curved body on a
plane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tit`u*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>titubatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>titubation</i>.] <def>The act of stumbling, rocking, or rolling;
a reeling.</def>  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tit"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>titulaire</i>, fr.
L. <i>titulus</i>. See <u>Title</u>.] <def>Existing in title or name only;
nominal; having the title to an office or dignity without discharging its
appropriate duties; as, a <i>titular</i> prince.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If these magnificent titles yet remain<BR>
Not merely <i>titular</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Titular bishop</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Bishop</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tit"u*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A titulary.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tit`u*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being titular.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tit"u*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a titular
manner; nominally; by title only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tit"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Titularies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>titulaire</i>.] <def>A person
invested with a title, in virtue of which he holds an office or benefice,
whether he performs the duties of it or not.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tit"u*la*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting in a title; titular.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a title.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tit"uled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a title.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tiv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>te&aacute;for</i>,
<i>te&aacute;fur</i>.] <def>A kind of ocher which is used in some parts of
England in marking sheep.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark with tiver.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tiv"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Tantivy</u>.]
<def>With great speed; -- a huntsman's word or sound.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ti"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. Sp. <i>tiza</i> whitening,
a kind of chalk or pipe clay.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Ulexite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tme"sis</hw> (m&emacr;"s&ibreve;s <i>or</i> t'm&emacr;"s&ibreve;s;
277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr. <grk>tmh^sis</grk> a cutting, fr.
<grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The separation of the
parts of a compound word by the intervention of one or more words; as,
<i>in what place soever</i>, for <i>whatsoever place</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>To-</hw> (?, see <u>To</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>), [AS. <i>to-
</i> asunder; akin to G. <i>zer-</i>, and perhaps to L. <i>dis-</i>, or Gr.
&?;.] <def>An obsolete intensive prefix used in the formation of compound
verbs; as in <i>to</i>-beat, <i>to</i>-break, <i>to</i>-hew, <i>to</i>-
rend, <i>to</i>-tear. See these words in the Vocabulary. See the Note on
<i>All to</i>, or <i>All-to</i>, under <u>All</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>To</hw> (&?;, <i>emphatic or alone</i>, &?;, <i>obscure or
unemphatic</i>), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [AS. <i>t&omacr;</i>; akin to OS.
& OFries. <i>t&omacr;</i>, D. <i>toe</i>, G. <i>zu</i>, OHG. <i>zuo</i>,
<i>zua</i>, <i>z&omacr;</i>, Russ. <i>do</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>do</i>, OL.
<i>-do</i>, <i>-du</i>, as in <i>endo</i>, <i>indu</i>, in, Gr. &?;, as in
&?; homeward. &radic;200.   Cf. <u>Too</u>, <u>Tatoo</u> a beat of drums.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The preposition <i>to</i> primarily indicates
approach and arrival, motion made in the direction of a place or thing and
attaining it, access; and also, motion or tendency without arrival;
movement toward; -- opposed to <i>from</i>.</def> "<i>To</i> Canterbury
they wend."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Stay with us, go not <i>to</i> Wittenberg.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>to</i> the sylvan lodge<BR>
They came, that like Pomona's arbor smiled.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>to</i> him again, . . . <BR>
He'll tell me all his purpose.<BR>
She stretched her arms <i>to</i> heaven.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, it indicates motion, course, or tendency
toward a time, a state or condition, an aim, or anything capable of being
regarded as a limit to a tendency, movement, or action; as, he is going
<i>to</i> a trade; he is rising <i>to</i> wealth and honor.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly, by omission of the verb denoting motion, <i>to</i>
sometimes followed a form of <i>be</i>, with the sense of <i>at</i>, or
<i>in</i>. "When the sun was [gone or declined] <i>to</i> rest."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a very general way, and with innumerable
varieties of application, <i>to</i> connects transitive verbs with their
remoter or indirect object, and adjectives, nouns, and neuter or passive
verbs with a following noun which limits their action. Its sphere verges
upon that of <i>for</i>, but it contains less the idea of design or
appropriation; as, these remarks were addressed <i>to</i> a large audience;
let us keep this seat <i>to</i> ourselves; a substance sweet <i>to</i> the
taste; an event painful <i>to</i> the mind; duty <i>to</i> God and
<i>to</i> our parents; a dislike <i>to</i> spirituous liquor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Marks and points out each man of us <i>to</i>
slaughter.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whilst they, distilled<BR>
Almost <i>to</i> jelly with the act of fear,<BR>
Stand dumb and speak not <i>to</i> him.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Add <i>to</i> your faith virtue; and <i>to</i> virtue
knowledge; and <i>to</i> knowledge temperance; and <i>to</i> temperance
patience; and <i>to</i> patience godliness; and <i>to</i> godliness
brotherly kindness; and <i>to</i> brotherly kindness charity.</blockquote>
<i>2 Pet. i. 5,6,7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a king's oath <i>to</i> the contrary.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Numbers were crowded <i>to</i> death.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fate and the dooming gods are deaf <i>to</i>
tears.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, buckle <i>to</i> the law.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>As sign of the infinitive, <i>to</i> had
originally the use of last defined, governing the infinitive as a verbal
noun, and connecting it as indirect object with a preceding verb or
adjective; thus, ready <i>to</i> go, <i>i</i>.<i>e</i>., ready unto going;
good <i>to</i> eat, <i>i</i>.<i>e</i>., good for eating; I do my utmost
<i>to</i> lead my life pleasantly. But it has come to be the almost
constant prefix to the infinitive, even in situations where it has no
prepositional meaning, as where the infinitive is direct object or subject;
thus, I love <i>to</i> learn, <i>i</i>.<i>e</i>., I love learning;
<i>to</i> die for one's country is noble, <i>i</i>.<i>e</i>., the dying for
one's country. Where the infinitive denotes the design or purpose, good
usage formerly allowed the prefixing of <i>for</i> to the <i>to</i>; as,
what went ye out <i>for</i> see? (<i>Matt. xi. 8</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then longen folk <i>to</i> go on pilgrimages,<BR>
And palmers <i>for to</i> seeken strange stranders.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>Such usage is now obsolete or illiterate. In colloquial usage, <i>to</i>
often stands for, and supplies, an infinitive already mentioned; thus, he
commands me <i>to</i> go with him, but I do not wish <i>to</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In many phrases, and in connection with many
other words, <i>to</i> has a pregnant meaning, or is used
elliptically.</def> Thus, it denotes or implies: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Extent; limit; degree of comprehension; inclusion as far as; as, they
met us <i>to</i> the number of three hundred.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We ready are to try our fortunes<BR>
<i>To</i> the last man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Few of the Esquimaux can count <i>to</i> ten.</blockquote>
<i>Quant. Rev.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Effect; end; consequence; as, the prince was
flattered <i>to</i> his ruin; he engaged in a war <i>to</i> his cost;
violent factions exist <i>to</i> the prejudice of the state.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Apposition; connection; antithesis; opposition;
as, they engaged hand <i>to</i> hand.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now we see through a glass, darkly; but then face <i>to</i>
face.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xiii. 12.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Accord; adaptation; as, an occupation <i>to</i>
his taste; she has a husband <i>to</i> her mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>to</i> God's image, she <i>to</i> his was
made.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Comparison; as, three is <i>to</i> nine as nine
is <i>to</i> twenty-seven; it is ten <i>to</i> one that you will offend
him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that they did was piety <i>to</i> this.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Addition; union; accumulation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wisdom he has, and <i>to</i> his wisdom,
courage.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>Accompaniment; as, she sang <i>to</i> his
guitar; they danced <i>to</i> the music of a piano.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anon they move<BR>
In perfect phalanx <i>to</i> the Dorian mood<BR>
Of flutes and soft recorders.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>Character; condition of being; purpose
subserved or office filled.</def> [In this sense archaic] "I have a king
here <i>to</i> my flatterer."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Made his masters and others . . . to consider him <i>to</i>
a little wonder.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>To</i> in <i>to-day</i>, <i>to-night</i>, and <i>to-morrow</i>
has the sense or force of <i>for</i> or <i>on</i>; <i>for</i>, or
<i>on</i>, (this) day, <i>for</i>, or <i>on</i>, (this) night, <i>for</i>,
or <i>on</i>, (the) morrow. <i>To-day</i>, <i>to-night</i>, <i>to-
morrow</i> may be considered as compounds, and usually as adverbs; but they
are sometimes used as nouns; as, <i>to-day</i> is ours.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>To-morrow</i>, and <i>to-morrow</i>, and <i>to-
morrow</i>;<BR>
Creeps in this petty pace from day to day.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><col><b>To and again</b></col>, <cd>to and fro.</cd> [R.] -- <col><b>To
and fro</b></col>, <cd>forward and back. In this phrase, <i>to</i> is
adverbial.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>There was great showing both <i>to and fro</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To-and-fro</b></col>, <cd>a pacing backward and forward; as,
to commence a <i>to-and-fro</i>.</cd> <i>Tennyson.</i> -- <col><b>To the
face</b></col>, <cd>in front of; in behind; hence, in the presence of.</cd>
-- <col><b>To wit</b></col>, <cd>to know; namely. See <u>Wit</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p>&fist; <i>To</i>, without an object expressed, is used adverbially; as,
put <i>to</i> the door, <i>i. e.</i>, put the door to its frame, close it;
and in the nautical expressions, to heave <i>to</i>, to come <i>to</i>,
meaning to a certain position. <i>To</i>, like <i>on</i>, is sometimes used
as a command, <i>forward</i>, <i>set to</i>. "<i>To</i>, Achilles!
<i>to</i>, Ajax! <i>to</i>!" <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tode</i>, <i>tade</i>,
AS. <i>t&amacr;die</i>, <i>t&amacr;dige</i>; of unknown origin.  Cf.
<u>Tadpole</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
batrachians belonging to the genus <i>Bufo</i> and allied genera,
especially those of the family <i>Bufonid&aelig;</i>. Toads are generally
terrestrial in their habits except during the breeding season, when they
seek the water. Most of the species burrow beneath the earth in the daytime
and come forth to feed on insects at night. Most toads have a rough, warty
skin in which are glands that secrete an acrid fluid.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common toad (<i>Bufo vulgaris</i>) and the natterjack are
familiar European species. The common American toad (<i>B.
lentiginosus</i>) is similar to the European toad, but is less warty and is
more active, moving chiefly by leaping.</p>

<p><col><b>Obstetrical toad</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Obstetrical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Surinam toad</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Pita</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Toad
lizard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a horned toad.</cd> --
<col><b>Toad pipe</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a hollow-stemmed plant
(<i>Equisetum limosum</i>) growing in muddy places.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i>
-- <col><b>Toad rush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low-growing kind of
rush (<i>Juncus bufonius</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Toad snatcher</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the reed bunting.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Toad spittle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Cuckoo
spit</i>, under <u>Cuckoo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree toad</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Tree</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Toad"eat`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be so called in
allusion to an old alleged practice among mountebanks' boys of eating toads
(popularly supposed to be poisonous), in order that their masters might
have an opportunity of pretending to effect a cure. The French equivalent
expression is <i>un avaleur de couleuvres</i>.  Cf. <u>Toady</u>.] <def>A
fawning, obsequious parasite; a mean sycophant; a flatterer; a toady.</def>
<i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You had nearly imposed upon me, but you have lost your
labor. You're too zealous a <i>toadeater</i>, and betray
yourself.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toad"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any marine fish of the genus <i>Batrachus</i>,
having a large, thick head and a wide mouth, and bearing some resemblance
to a toad. The American species (<i>Batrachus tau</i>) is very common in
shallow water. Called also <i>oyster fish</i>, and <i>sapo</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The angler.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
swellfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toad"flax`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An herb
(<i>Linaria vulgaris</i>) of the Figwort family, having narrow leaves and
showy orange and yellow flowers; -- called also <i>butter and eggs</i>,
<i>flaxweed</i>, and <i>ramsted</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toad"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The golden plover.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Toad"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a toad.</def> [Obs.]
<i>A. Stafford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toad"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small toad.</def>
[R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toad"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A local name for the igneous rocks of Derbyshire,
England; -- said by some to be derived from the German <i>todter stein</i>,
meaning <i>dead stone</i>, that is, stone which contains no ores.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bufonite, formerly regarded as a precious stone,
and worn as a jewel. See <u>Bufonite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toad"stool`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name
given to many umbrella-shaped fungi, mostly of the genus <i>Agaricus</i>.
The species are almost numberless. They grow on decaying organic
matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toad"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Toadies</b></plw> (#). [Shortened from <i>toadeater</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mean flatterer; a toadeater; a
sycophant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Before I had been standing at the window five minutes, they
somehow conveyed to me that they were all <i>toadies</i> and
humbugs.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coarse, rustic woman.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1514 !></p>

<p><hw>Toad"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Toadied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Toadying</u>.] <def>To fawn upon with mean sycophancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toad"y*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice of
meanly fawning on another; base sycophancy; servile adulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toast</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Toasted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Toasting</u>.] [OF. <i>toster</i> to roast, toast, fr. L.
<i>torrere</i>, <i>tostum</i>, to parch, roast. See <u>Torrid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dry and brown by the heat of a fire; as, to
<i>toast</i> bread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To warm thoroughly; as, to <i>toast</i> the
feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To name when a health is proposed to be drunk;
to drink to the health, or in honor, of; as, to <i>toast</i> a
lady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toast</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>toste</i>, or
<i>tost&eacute;e</i>, toasted bread. See <u>Toast</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bread dried and browned
before a fire, usually in slices; also, a kind of food prepared by putting
slices of toasted bread into milk, gravy, etc.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>My sober evening let the tankard bless,<BR>
With <i>toast</i> embrowned, and fragrant nutmeg fraught.</blockquote>
<i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lady in honor of whom persons or a company are
invited to drink; -- so called because toasts were formerly put into the
liquor, as a great delicacy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It now came to the time of Mr. Jones to give a <i>toast</i>
. . . who could not refrain from mentioning his dear Sophia.</blockquote>
<i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any person, especially a person of
distinction, in honor of whom a health is drunk; hence, also, anything so
commemorated; a sentiment, as "The land we live in,"  "The day we
celebrate," etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Toast rack</b></col>, <cd>a small rack or stand for a table,
having partitions for holding slices of dry toast.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Toast"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who toasts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kitchen utensil for toasting bread, cheese,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toast"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Toast</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Toasting fork</b></col>, <cd>a long-handled fork for toasting
bread, cheese, or the like, by the fire.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Toast"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
presides at a public dinner or banquet, and announces the toasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The handle of a joiner's
plane.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>To*bac"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>tabaco</i>, fr. the
Indian <i>tabaco</i> the tube or pipe in which the Indians or Caribbees
smoked this plant. Some derive the word from <i>Tabaco</i>, a province of
Yucatan, where it was said to be first found by the Spaniards; others from
the island of <i>Tobago</i>, one of the Caribbees. But these derivations
are very doubtful.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American plant
(<i>Nicotiana Tabacum</i>) of the Nightshade family, much used for smoking
and chewing, and as snuff. As a medicine, it is narcotic, emetic, and
cathartic. Tobacco has a strong, peculiar smell, and an acrid
taste.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is extended to other species of the genus, and to some
unrelated plants, as Indian tobacco (<i>Nicotiana rustica</i>, and also
<i>Lobelia inflata</i>), mountain tobacco (<i>Arnica montana</i>), and
Shiraz tobacco (<i>Nicotiana Persica</i>).</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The leaves of the plant prepared for smoking,
chewing, etc., by being dried, cured, and manufactured in various
ways.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tobacco box</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common
American skate.</cd> -- <col><b>Tobacco camphor</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Nicotianine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tobacco man</b></col>, <cd>a
tobacconist.</cd> [R.] -- <col><b>Tobacco pipe</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A pipe used for smoking, made of baked clay, wood,
or other material.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Indian pipe</i>, under <u>Indian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tobacco-pipe
clay</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a species of clay used in making tobacco
pipes; -- called also <i>cimolite</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tobacco-pipe
fish</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Pipemouth</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Tobacco stopper</b></col>, <cd>a small plug for pressing down the
tobacco in a pipe as it is smoked.</cd> -- <col><b>Tobacco worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of a large hawk moth (<i>Sphinx, or
Phlegethontius, Carolina</i>). It is dark green, with seven oblique white
stripes bordered above with dark brown on each side of the body. It feeds
upon the leaves of tobacco and tomato plants, and is often very injurious
to the tobacco crop. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Hawk moth</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>To*bac"co*ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Smoking
tobacco.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Tobacconing</i> is but a smoky play." [Obs.]
<i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>To*bac"co*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A dealer in tobacco; also, a manufacturer of tobacco.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A smoker of tobacco.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>To-beat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>to-</i> +
<i>beat</i>.] <def>To beat thoroughly or severely.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Layamon.</i></p>

<p><hw>To*bi"as fish`</hw> (?). [See the Note under <u>Asmodeus</u>, in the
Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lant,
or sand eel.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>tobin</i>, D.
<i>tabijn</i>. See <u>Tabby</u>.] <def>A stout twilled silk used for
dresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"bit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book of the
Apocrypha.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*bog"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corruption of American
Indian <i>odabagan</i> a sled.] <def>A kind of sledge made of pliable
board, turned up at one or both ends, used for coasting down hills or
prepared inclined planes; also, a sleigh or sledge, to be drawn by dogs, or
by hand, over soft and deep snow.</def> [Written also <i>tobogan</i>, and
<i>tarbogan</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>To*bog"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tobogganed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tobogganing</u>.] <def>To slide down hill over the snow or ice on a
toboggan.</def>  <i>Barilett.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>To*bog"gan*er</hw> (?), <hw>To*bog"gan*ist</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who practices tobogganing.</def></p>

<p><hw>To-break"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>to-</i> +
<i>break</i>.] <def>To break completely; to break in pieces.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With nose and mouth <i>to-broke</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>To-brest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>to-</i> +
<i>brest</i>.] <def>To burst or break in pieces.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Toc*ca"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. <i>toccare</i>
to touch. See <u>Touch</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An old form of piece for
the organ or harpsichord, somewhat in the free and brilliant style of the
<i>prelude</i>, <i>fantasia</i>, or <i>capriccio</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>tochradh</i>.]
<def>Dowry brought by a bride to her husband.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tock"ay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
spotted lizard native of India.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
toucan (<i>Ramphastos toco</i>) having a very large beak. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Toucan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a birth + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>The science of obstetrics, or midwifery; that department of
medicine which treats of parturition.</def> [Written also
<i>tokology</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||To*co*ro"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from the
native name through the Spanish: cf. Sp. <i>tocororo</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cuban trogon (<i>Priotelus temnurus</i>) having
a serrated bill and a tail concave at the end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toc"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. OF. <i>toquier</i>
to touch, F. <i>toquer</i> (originally, a dialectic form of F.
<i>toucher</i>) + <i>seint</i> (for <i>sein</i>) a bell, LL. <i>signum</i>,
fr. L. <i>signum</i> a sign, signal. See <u>Touch</u>, and <u>Sign</u>.]
<def>An alarm bell, or the ringing of a bell for the purpose of
alarm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The loud <i>tocsin</i> tolled their last alarm.</blockquote>
<i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tod</hw> (t&obreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Akin to D. <i>todde</i>
a rag, G. <i>zotte</i> shag, rag, a tuft of hair, Icel. <i>toddi</i> a
piece of a thing, a tod of wool.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bush; a thick
shrub; a bushy clump.</def> [R.] "An ivy <i>todde</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ivy <i>tod</i> is heavy with snow.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old weight used in weighing wool, being
usually twenty-eight pounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A fox; -- probably so named from its bushy
tail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wolf, the <i>tod</i>, the brock.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tod stove</b></col>, <cd>a close stove adapted for burning small
round wood, twigs, etc.</cd> [U. S.]  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tod</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To weigh; to yield in
tods.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>To-day"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>t&omacr;
d&aelig;g</i>. See <u>To</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>, and <u>Day</u>.]
<def>On this day; on the present day.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Worcester's horse came but <i>to-day</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>To-day"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The present day.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>On <i>to-day</i><BR>
Is worth for me a thousand yesterdays.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tod"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Toddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Toddling</u> (?).] [Akin to <i>tottle</i>, <i>totter</i>.] <def>To walk
with short, tottering steps, as a child.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tod"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A toddling walk.</def>
<i>Trollope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tod"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who toddles;
especially, a young child.</def>  <i>Mrs. Gaskell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tod"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed from Hind.
<i>t&amacr;&?;&imacr;</i> the juice of the palmyra tree, popularly,
<i>toddy</i>, fr. <i>t&amacr;&?;</i> the palmyra tree, Skr.
<i>t&amacr;la</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A juice drawn from various
kinds of palms in the East Indies; or, a spirituous liquor procured from it
by fermentation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mixture of spirit and hot water
sweetened.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Toddy</i> differs from <i>grog</i> in having a less proportion
of spirit, and is being made hot and sweetened.</p>

<p><col><b>Toddy bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a weaver bird of
the East Indies and India: -- so called from its fondness for the juice of
the palm.</cd> -- <col><b>Toddy cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
common paradoxure; the palm cat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>To-do"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>To</i> + <i>do</i>.   Cf.
<u>Ado</u>.] <def>Bustle; stir; commotion; ado.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>To"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> Todies (#). [Cf.
NL. <i>todus</i>, F. <i>todier</i>, G. <i>todvogel</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of small insectivorous
West Indian birds of the genus <i>Todus</i>. They are allied to the
kingfishers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>too</i>, <i>taa</i>, AS.
<i>t&amacr;</i>; akin to D. <i>teen</i>, G. <i>zehe</i>, OHG.
<i>z&emacr;ha</i>, Icel. <i>t&amacr;</i>, Sw. <i>t&aring;</i>, Dan.
<i>taa</i>; of uncertain origin. &radic;60.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the terminal members, or digits, of the foot of
a man or an animal.</def> "Each one, tripping on his <i>toe</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fore part of the hoof or
foot of an animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything, or any part, corresponding to the toe
of the foot; as, the <i>toe</i> of a boot; the <i>toe</i> of a
skate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The journal,
or pivot, at the lower end of a revolving shaft or spindle, which rests in
a step.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A lateral projection at one end, or
between the ends, of a piece, as a rod or bolt, by means of which it is
moved.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A projection from the periphery of a
revolving piece, acting as a cam to lift another piece.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Toe biter</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tadpole; a
polliwig.</cd> -- <col><b>Toe drop</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a morbid
condition of the foot in which the toe is depressed and the heel elevated,
as in <i>talipes equinus</i>. See <u>Talipes</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Toe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Toed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Toeing</u>.] <def>To
touch or reach with the toes; to come fully up to; as, to <i>toe</i> the
mark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hold or carry the toes (in
a certain way).</def></p>

<p><col><b>To toe in</b></col>, <cd>to stand or carry the feet in such a
way that the toes of either foot incline toward the other.</cd> --
<col><b>To toe out</b></col>, <cd>to have the toes of each foot, in
standing or walking, incline from the other foot.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Toed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
(such or so many) toes; -- chiefly used in composition; as, narrow-
<i>toed</i>, four-<i>toed</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>Having the end secured by nails
driven obliquely, said of a board, plank, or joist serving as a brace, and
in general of any part of a frame secured to other parts by diagonal
nailing.</def></p>

<p><hw>To-fall"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A lean-
to. See <u>Lean-to</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tof"fee</hw> (?), <hw>Tof"fy</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Taffy.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>To*fore"</hw> (?), <hw>To*forn"</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>prep. &
adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>t&omacr;foran</i>. See <u>To</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos>, <u>Fore</u>.] <def>Before.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Toforn</i> him goeth the loud minstrelsy.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Would thou wert as thou <i>tofore</i> hast
been!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>toft</i> a knoll; akin
to LG. <i>toft</i> a field hedged in, not far from a house, Icel.
<i>topt</i> a green knoll, grassy place, place marked out for a house, Dan.
<i>toft</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A knoll or hill.</def> [Obs.] "A
tower on a <i>toft</i>."  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A grove of trees; also, a plain.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A place where a messuage
has once stood; the site of a burnt or decayed house.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toft"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Toftmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The owner of a toft. See <u>Toft</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><hw>||To"fus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., tufa.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tophus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Tufa. See under <u>Tufa</u>, and
<u>Toph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||To"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Togas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Tog&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., akin
to <i>tegere</i> to cover. See <u>Thatch</u>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>
<def>The loose outer garment worn by the ancient Romans, consisting of a
single broad piece of woolen cloth of a shape approaching a semicircle. It
was of undyed wool, except the border of the toga pr&aelig;texta.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Toga pr&aelig;texta</b></col>. [L.], <cd>a toga with a broad
purple border, worn by children of both sexes, by magistrates, and by
persons engaged in sacred rites.</cd> -- <col><b>||Toga virilis</b></col>
[L.], <cd>the manly gown; the common toga. This was assumed by Roman boys
about the time of completing their fourteenth year.</cd></p>

<p><hw>To"ga*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>togatus</i>, from
<i>toga</i> a toga.] <def>Dressed in a toga or gown; wearing a gown;
gowned.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M. Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"ged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Togated.</def> [Obs. or
R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>To*geth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>togedere</i>,
<i>togidere</i>, AS. <i>t&omacr;g&aelig;dere</i>,
<i>t&omacr;g&aelig;dre</i>, <i>t&omacr;gadere</i>; <i>t&omacr;</i> to +
<i>gador</i> together. &radic;29. See <u>To</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>,
and <u>Gather</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In company or association with
respect to place or time; as, to live <i>together</i> in one house; to live
<i>together</i> in the same age; they walked <i>together</i> to the
town.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Soldiers can never stand idle long
<i>together</i>.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In or into union; into junction; as, to sew,
knit, or fasten two things <i>together</i>; to mix things
<i>together</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king joined humanity and policy
<i>together</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In concert; with mutual co&ouml;peration; as,
the allies made war upon France <i>together</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Together with</b></col>, <cd>in union with; in company or
mixture with; along with.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Take the bad <i>together with</i> the good.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tog"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Togated</u>.]
<def>Clothes; garments; dress; as, fishing <i>toggery</i>.</def> [Colloq.]
</p>

<p><hw>Tog"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tug</u>.] [Written
also <i>toggel</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A wooden pin
tapering toward both ends with a groove around its middle, fixed
transversely in the eye of a rope to be secured to any other loop or bight
or ring; a kind of button or frog capable of being readily engaged and
disengaged for temporary purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Two rods or plates connected by a
toggle joint.</def></p>

<p>
<col><b>Toggle iron</b></col>, <cd>a harpoon with a pivoted crosspiece in a
mortise near the point to prevent it from being drawn out when a whale,
shark, or other animal, is harpooned.</cd> -- <col><b>Toggle
joint</b></col>, <cd>an elbow or knee joint, consisting of two bars so
connected that they may be brought quite or nearly into a straight line,
and made to produce great endwise pressure, when any force is applied to
bring them into this position.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Toght</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Taut.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>To*gid"er</hw> (?), <hw>To*gid"res</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Together.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Togue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the American Indian
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The namaycush.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*hew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>to-</i> +
<i>hew</i>.] <def>To hew in pieces.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>toiles</i>, pl., toils,
nets, fr. <i>toile</i> cloth, canvas, spider web, fr. L. <i>tela</i> any
woven stuff, a web, fr. <i>texere</i> to weave. See <u>Text</u>, and cf.
<u>Toilet</u>.] <def>A net or snare; any thread, web, or string spread for
taking prey; -- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a Numidian lion, when first caught,<BR>
Endures the <i>toil</i> that holds him.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>toils</i> for beasts, and lime for birds, were
found.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toil</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Toiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Toiling</u>.] [OE.
<i>toilen</i> to pull about, to toil; of uncertain origin; cf. OD.
<i>teulen</i>, <i>tuylen</i>, to labor, till, or OF. <i>tooillier</i>,
<i>toailler</i>, to wash, rub (cf. <u>Towel</u>); or perhaps ultimately
from the same root as E. <i>tug</i>.] <def>To exert strength with pain and
fatigue of body or mind, especially of the body, with efforts of some
continuance or duration; to labor; to work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toil</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To weary;
to overlabor.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Toiled</i> with works of war."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To labor; to work; -- often with
<i>out</i>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Places well <i>toiled</i> and husbanded.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[I] <i>toiled</i> out my uncouth passage.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1515 !></p>

<p><hw>Toil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>toil</i> turmoil,
struggle; cf. OD. <i>tuyl</i> labor, work. See <u>Toil</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Labor with pain and fatigue; labor that
oppresses the body or mind, esp. the body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My task of servile <i>toil</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After such bloody <i>toil</i>, we bid good
night.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Toil</i> is used in the formation of compounds which are
generally of obvious signification; as, <i>toil</i>-strung, <i>toil</i>-
wasted, <i>toil</i>-worn, and the like.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Labor; drudgery; work; exertion; occupation; employment;
task; travail.  -- <u>Toil</u>, <u>Labor</u>, <u>Drudgery</u>. <i>Labor</i>
implies strenuous exertion, but not necessary such as overtasks the
faculties; <i>toil</i> denotes a severity of labor which is painful and
exhausting; <i>drudgery</i> implies mean and degrading work, or, at least,
work which wearies or disgusts from its minuteness or dull uniformity.</p>

<p><blockquote>You do not know the heavy grievances,<BR>
The <i>toils</i>, the <i>labors</i>, weary <i>drudgeries</i>,<BR>
Which they impose.</blockquote> <i>Southern.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How often have I blessed the coming day,<BR>
When <i>toil</i> remitting lent its turn to play.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who toils, or labors
painfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toi"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>toilette</i>, dim. of
<i>toile</i> cloth. See <u>Toil</u> a net.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
covering of linen, silk, or tapestry, spread over a table in a chamber or a
dressing room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dressing table.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Act or mode of dressing, or that which is
arranged in dressing; attire; dress; as, her <i>toilet</i> is
perfect.</def> [Written also <i>toilette</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Toilet glass</b></col>, <cd>a looking-glass for a toilet table
or for a dressing room.</cd> -- <col><b>Toilet service</b></col>,
<col><b>Toilet set</b></col>, <cd>earthenware, glass, and other utensils
for a dressing room.</cd> -- <col><b>Toilet table</b></col>, <cd>a dressing
table; a toilet. See def. 2 above.</cd> -- <col><b>To snake one's
toilet</b></col>, <cd>to dress one's self; especially, to dress one's self
carefully.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Toi*lette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Toilet</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toil"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing or involving
much toil; laborious; toilsome; as, <i>toilful</i> care.</def>
<i>Mickle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toi`li*nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>toilinet</i>.
See <u>Toil</u> a net.] <def>A cloth, the weft of which is of woolen yarn,
and the warp of cotton and silk, -- used for waistcoats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toil"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
toil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toil"some</hw> (-s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Attended
with toil, or fatigue and pain; laborious; wearisome; as, <i>toilsome</i>
work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What can be <i>toilsome</i> in these pleasant
walks?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Toil"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Toil"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Toise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL. <i>tesa</i>, fr.
L. <i>tensus</i>, fem. <i>tensa</i>, p. p. of <i>tendere</i> to stretch,
extend. See <u>Tense</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>An old measure of
length in France, containing six French feet, or about 6.3946 French
feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*kay"</hw> (t&osl;*k&amacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named fr.
<i>Tokay</i> in Hungary.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A grape of
an oval shape and whitish color.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rich Hungarian wine made from Tokay
grapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"ken</hw> (t&omacr;"k'n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>token</i>,
<i>taken</i>, AS. <i>t&amacr;cen</i>; akin to OFries. <i>t&emacr;ken</i>,
OS. <i>t&emacr;kan</i>, D. <i>teeken</i>, G. <i>zeichen</i>, OHG.
<i>Zeihhan</i>, Icel. <i>t&amacr;kan</i>, <i>teiken</i>, Sw. <i>tecken</i>,
Dan. <i>tegn</i>, Goth. <i>taikns</i> sign, token, ga<i>teihan</i> to tell,
show, AS. <i>te&oacute;n</i> to accuse, G. <i>zeihen</i>, OHG.
<i>z&imacr;han</i>, G. <i>zeigen</i> to show, OHG. <i>zeig&omacr;n</i>,
Icel. <i>tj&amacr;</i>, L. <i>dicere</i> to say, Gr. <grk>deikny`nai</grk>
to show, Skr. <i>di&ccedil;</i>.  Cf. <u>Diction</u>, <u>Teach</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something intended or supposed to represent or
indicate another thing or an event; a sign; a symbol; as, the rainbow is a
<i>token</i> of God's covenant established with Noah.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A memorial of friendship; something by which the
friendship of another person is to be kept in mind; a memento; a
souvenir.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is some <i>token</i> from a never friend.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something given or shown as a symbol or
guarantee of authority or right; a sign of authenticity, of power, good
faith, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Say, by this <i>token</i>, I desire his
company.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece of metal intended for currency, and
issued by a private party, usually bearing the name of the issuer, and
redeemable in lawful money. Also, a coin issued by government, esp. when
its use as lawful money is limited and its intrinsic value is much below
its nominal value.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is now made unlawful for private persons to issue tokens.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A livid spot upon the body,
indicating, or supposed to indicate, the approach of death.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like the fearful <i>tokens</i> of the plague,<BR>
Are mere forerunners of their ends.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Ten and a half quires, or,
commonly, 250 sheets, of paper printed on both sides; also, in some cases,
the same number of sheets printed on one side, or half the number printed
on both sides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Ch. of Scot.)</i> <def>A piece of metal given
beforehand to each person in the congregation who is permitted to partake
of the Lord's Supper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A bit of leather having a
peculiar mark designating a particular miner. Each hewer sends one of these
with each corf or tub he has hewn.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Token money</b></col>, <cd>money which is lawfully current for
more than its real value. See <u>Token</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -
- <col><b>Token sheet</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>the last sheet of each
token.</cd>  <i>W. Savage.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"ken</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tokened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tokening</u>.]
[AS. <i>t&amacr;cnian</i>, fr. <i>t&amacr;cen</i> token. See <u>Token</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To betoken.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"kened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked by tokens, or
spots; as, the <i>tokened</i> pestilence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"ken*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a
token.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tok"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tocsin.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tol</hw> (t&omacr;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To
take away. See <u>Toll</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||To"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind., from Skr.
<i>tul&amacr;</i> a balance.] <def>A weight of British India. The standard
tola is equal to 180 grains.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*lane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Toluene</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon, C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>10</sub>, related
both to the acetylene and the aromatic series, and produced artificially as
a white crystalline substance; -- called also <i>diphenyl
acetylene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tol"booth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tollbooth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Told</hw> (t&omacr;ld), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Tell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tole</hw> (t&omacr;l), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Toled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Toling</u>.] [OE. <i>tollen</i> to draw, to entice; of uncertain origin.
Cf. <u>Toll</u> to ring a bell.] <def>To draw, or cause to follow, by
displaying something pleasing or desirable; to allure by some bait.</def>
[Written also <i>toll</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever you observe him to be more frighted at then he
should, <i>tole</i> him on to by insensible degrees, till at last he
masters the difficulty.</blockquote></p>

<p><hw>To*le"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sword or sword blade
made at <i>Toledo</i> in Spain, which city was famous in the 16th and 17th
centuries for the excellence of its weapons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tol`er*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being tolerable.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller. Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tol"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tolerabilis</i>:
cf. F. <i>tol&eacute;rable</i>. See <u>Tolerate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being borne or endured; supportable, either physically or
mentally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As may affect the earth with cold and heat<BR>
Scarce <i>tolerable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moderately good or agreeable; not contemptible;
not very excellent or pleasing, but such as can be borne or received
without disgust, resentment, or opposition; passable; as, a
<i>tolerable</i> administration; a <i>tolerable</i> entertainment; a
<i>tolerable</i> translation.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Tol"er*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tol"er*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tol"er*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tolerantia</i>:
cf. F. <i>tol&eacute;rance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The power or
capacity of enduring; the act of enduring; endurance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Diogenes, one frosty morning, came into the market place,
shaking, to show his <i>tolerance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The endurance of the presence or actions of
objectionable persons, or of the expression of offensive opinions;
toleration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The power possessed or acquired by
some persons of bearing doses of medicine which in ordinary cases would
prove injurious or fatal.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tolerance of the mint</b></col>. <i>(Coinage)</i> <cd>Same as
<i>Remedy of the mint</i>. See under <u>Remedy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tol"er*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tolerans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>tolerare</i> to tolerate: cf. F. <i>tol&eacute;rant</i>. See
<u>Tolerate</u>.] <def>Inclined to tolerate; favoring toleration;
forbearing; indulgent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tol"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tolerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tolerating</u>.] [L. <i>toleratus</i>, p. p. of <i>tolerare</i>, fr. the
same root as <i>tollere</i> to lift up, <i>tuli</i>, used as perfect of
<i>ferre</i> to bear, <i>latus</i> (for <i>tlatus</i>), used as p. p. of
<i>ferre</i> to bear, and E. <i>thole</i>. See <u>Thole</u>, and cf.
<u>Atlas</u>, <u>Collation</u>, <u>Delay</u>, <u>Elate</u>, <u>Extol</u>,
<u>Legislate</u>, <u>Oblate</u>, <u>Prelate</u>, <u>Relate</u>,
<u>Superlative</u>, <u>Talent</u>, <u>Toll</u> to take away,
<u>Translate</u>.] <def>To suffer to be, or to be done, without prohibition
or hindrance; to allow or permit negatively, by not preventing; not to
restrain; to put up with; as, to <i>tolerate</i> doubtful
practices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Crying should not be <i>tolerated</i> in
children.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>tolerate</i> them because property and liberty, to a
degree, require that toleration.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Permit</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Tol`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>toleratio</i>:
cf. OF. <i>toleration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of tolerating;
the allowance of that which is not wholly approved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the allowance of religious
opinions and modes of worship in a state when contrary to, or different
from, those of the established church or belief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, freedom from bigotry and severity in
judgment of the opinions or belief of others, especially in respect to
religious matters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toll</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>tollere</i>. See
<u>Tolerate</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>To take away; to vacate; to
annul.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toll</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Tole</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw; to entice; to allure. See
<u>Tole</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Probably the same word as <i>toll</i> to draw, and
at first meaning, to ring in order to draw people to church.] <def>To cause
to sound, as a bell, with strokes slowly and uniformly repeated; as, to
<i>toll</i> the funeral bell.</def> "The sexton <i>tolled</i> the bell."
<i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strike, or to indicate by striking, as the
hour; to ring a toll for; as, to <i>toll</i> a departed friend.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Slow <i>tolls</i> the village clock the drowsy
hour.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To call, summon, or notify, by tolling or
ringing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When hollow murmurs of their evening bells<BR>
Dismiss the sleepy swains, and <i>toll</i> them to their
cells.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toll</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tolled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tolling</u>.]
<def>To sound or ring, as a bell, with strokes uniformly repeated at
intervals, as at funerals, or in calling assemblies, or to announce the
death of a person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The country cocks do crow, the clocks do
<i>toll</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now sink in sorrows with a <i>tolling</i> bell.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toll</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The sound of a bell produced by
strokes slowly and uniformly repeated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tol</i>, AS.
<i>toll</i>; akin to OS. &amp; D. <i>tol</i>, G. <i>zoll</i>, OHG. <i>zol</i>,
Icel. <i>tollr</i>, Sw. <i>tull</i>, Dan. <i>told</i>, and also to E.
<i>tale</i>; -- originally, that which is counted out in payment. See
<u>Tale</u> number.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tax paid for some liberty or
privilege, particularly for the privilege of passing over a bridge or on a
highway, or for that of vending goods in a fair, market, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Sax. &amp; O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A liberty to buy and
sell within the bounds of a manor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A portion of grain taken by a miller as a
compensation for grinding.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Toll and team</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the privilege
of having a market, and jurisdiction of villeins.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> --
<col><b>Toll bar</b></col>, <cd>a bar or beam used on a canal for stopping
boats at the tollhouse, or on a road for stopping passengers.</cd> --
<col><b>Toll bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge where toll is paid for passing
over it.</cd> -- <col><b>Toll corn</b></col>, <cd>corn taken as pay for
grinding at a mill.</cd> -- <col><b>Toll dish</b></col>, <cd>a dish for
measuring toll in mills.</cd> -- <col><b>Toll gatherer</b></col>, <cd>a man
who takes, or gathers, toll.</cd> -- <col><b>Toll hop</b></col>, <cd>a toll
dish.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Crabb.</i> -- <col><b>Toll thorough</b></col> <i>(Eng.
Law)</i>, <cd>toll taken by a town for beasts driven through it, or over a
bridge or ferry maintained at its cost.</cd> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> --
<col><b>Toll traverse</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>toll taken by an
individual for beasts driven across his ground; toll paid by a person for
passing over the private ground, bridge, ferry, or the like, of
another.</cd> -- <col><b>Toll turn</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a toll
paid at the return of beasts from market, though they were not sold.</cd>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tax; custom; duty; impost.</p>

<p><hw>Toll</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pay toll or tallage.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take toll; to raise a tax.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Well could he [the miller] steal corn and <i>toll</i>
thrice.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No Italian priest<BR>
Shall tithe or <i>toll</i> in our dominions.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toll</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To collect, as a toll.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toll"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subject to the
payment of toll; as, <i>tollable</i> goods.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toll"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Payment of toll; also,
the amount or quantity paid as toll.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toll"booth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Toll</i> a tax +
<i>booth</i>.] [Written also <i>tolbooth</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
place where goods are weighed to ascertain the duties or toll.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He saw Levy . . . sitting at the
<i>tollbooth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Mark ii. 14).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In Scotland, a burgh jail; hence, any prison,
especially a town jail.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toll"booth`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To imprison in a
tollbooth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That they might <i>tollbooth</i> Oxford men.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Corbet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toll"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>tollere</i>.] <def>A
toll gatherer.</def> "<i>Tollers</i> in markets."  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toll"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tolls a
bell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tol"le*tane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Toletanus</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Toledo in Spain; made in Toledo.</def> [Obs.]
"Tables <i>Tolletanes</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toll"gate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gate where toll is
taken.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toll"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tollhouses</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A house occupied by a receiver of
tolls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toll"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tollmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who receives or collects toll; a
toll gatherer.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tol"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dolmen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tol"ses*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>tolsestrum</i>.
Cf. <u>Toll</u> a tax.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A toll or tribute of a
sextary of ale, paid to the lords of some manors by their tenants, for
liberty to brew and sell ale.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tol"sey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tollbooth; also, a
merchants' meeting place, or exchange.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tolt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>tolta</i>, fr. L.
<i>tollere</i> to take away.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A writ by which a
cause pending in a court baron was removed into a country court.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tol"tec</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of
a race which formerly occupied Mexico.</def> -- <wf>Tol"te*can</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>To*lu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fragrant balsam said to
have been first brought from Santiago de Tolu, in New Granada. See
<i>Balsam of Tolu</i>, under <u>Balsam</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tolu tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a large tree
(<i>Myroxylon toluiferum</i>), the wood of which is red in the center, and
has an aromatic rose odor. It affords the balsam called
<i>tolu</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tol"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt
of any one of the toluic acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tol"u*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tolu</i> +
benz<i>ene</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.CH<sub>3</sub>, of the aromatic series,
homologous with benzene, and obtained as a light mobile colorless liquid,
by distilling tolu balsam, coal tar, etc.; -- called also <i>methyl
benzene</i>, <i>phenyl methane</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tol`u*e"nyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Toluene</i> + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Tolyl.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>To*lu"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, one of three metameric acids,
CH<sub>3</sub>.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.CO<sub>2</sub>H, which are
related to toluene and analogous to benzoic acids. They are white
crystalline substances, and are called respectively <i>orthotoluic</i>
<i>acid</i>, <i>metatoluic</i> <i>acid</i>, and <i>paratoluic</i>
<i>acid.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Tol"u*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
complex double tolyl and toluidine derivative of glycocoll, obtained as a
white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*lu"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any
one of three metameric amido derivatives of toluene analogous to aniline,
and called respectively <i>orthtoluidine</i>, <i>metatoluidine</i>, and
<i>paratoluidine</i>; especially, the commonest one, or
<i>paratoluidine</i>, which is obtained as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is used in the aniline dye industry, and constitutes the
essential nucleus or radical of those dyes.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tol"u*ol</hw>, <hw>Tol"u*ole</hw>} (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Tolu</i> + benz<i>ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Toluene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*lu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tol</i>uic +
<i>uric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, any
one of three isomeric crystalline acids,
C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>10</sub>ON.CO<sub>2</sub>H, which are toluyl derivatives
of glycocoll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tol`u*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tolutim</i> on a
trot, properly, lifting up the feet, akin to <i>tollere</i> to lift up.]
<def>A pacing or ambling.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tol"u*yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tolu</i>ic + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of the three hypothetical radicals
corresponding to the three toluic acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tol"u*yl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Stilbene</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Sometimes, but less properly, tolylene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tol"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tol</i>uic + <i>-yl</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hydrocarbon radical,
CH<sub>3</sub>.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>, regarded as characteristic of
certain compounds of the aromatic series related to toluene; as,
<i>tolyl</i> carbinol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tol"yl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
hydrocarbon radical,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, regarded as
characteristic of certain toluene derivatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tol`y*peu"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The apar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The knave of trumps at
gleek.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tom"a*hawk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of American Indian
origin; cf. Algonkin <i>tomehagen</i>, Mohegan <i>tumnahegan</i>, Delaware
<i>tamoihecan</i>.] <def>A kind of war hatchet used by the American
Indians. It was originally made of stone, but afterwards of iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom"a*hawk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tomahawked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tomahawking</u>.] <def>To cut, strike, or kill, with a
tomahawk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom"a`ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The liver of the
lobster, which becomes green when boiled; -- called also
<i>tomalline</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1516 !></p>

<p><hw>||To*man"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.
<i>t&omacr;m&amacr;n</i>; from a Mongol word signifying, ten thousand.]
<def>A money of account in Persia, whose value varies greatly at different
times and places. Its average value may be reckoned at about two and a half
dollars.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*ma"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tomatoes</b></plw> (#). [Sp. or Pg. <i>tomate</i>, of American
Indian origin; cf. Mexican <i>tomail</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of
a plant of the Nightshade family (<i>Lycopersicum esculentun</i>); also,
the plant itself. The fruit, which is called also <i>love apple</i>, is
usually of a rounded, flattened form, but often irregular in shape. It is
of a bright red or yellow color, and is eaten either cooked or
uncooked.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tomato gall</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large gall
consisting of a mass of irregular swellings on the stems and leaves of
grapevines. They are yellowish green, somewhat tinged with red, and
produced by the larva of a small two-winged fly (<i>Lasioptera
vitis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Tomato sphinx</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the adult or imago of the tomato worm. It closely resembles the tobacco
hawk moth. Called also <i>tomato hawk moth</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Hawk moth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tomato worm</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of a large hawk moth (<i>Sphinx, or
Macrosila, quinquemaculata</i>) which feeds upon the leaves of the tomato
and potato plants, often doing considerable damage. Called also <i>potato
worm</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tomb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tombe</i>,
<i>toumbe</i>, F. <i>tombe</i>, LL. <i>tumba</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a tomb,
grave; perhaps akin to L. <i>tumulus</i> a mound.  Cf. <u>Tumulus</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pit in which the dead body of a human being is
deposited; a grave; a sepulcher.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As one dead in the bottom of a <i>tomb</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A house or vault, formed wholly or partly in the
earth, with walls and a roof, for the reception of the dead.</def> "In
<i>tomb</i> of marble stones."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A monument erected to inclose the body and
preserve the name and memory of the dead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hang her an epitaph upon her <i>tomb</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tomb bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of species
of Old World bats of the genus <i>Taphozous</i> which inhabit tombs,
especially the Egyptian species (<i>T. perforatus</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tomb</hw>,, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tombed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tombing</u>.]
<def>To place in a tomb; to bury; to inter; to entomb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>tombed</i> my brother that I might be
blessed.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tom"bac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.
<i>tambaca</i>,<i>tambaque</i>, fr. Malay <i>tamb&amacr;ga</i> copper; cf.
Skr. <i>t&amacr;mraka</i>; cf. F. <i>tombac</i>.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>An
alloy of copper and zinc, resembling brass, and containing about 84 per
cent of copper; -- called also <i>German, or Dutch, brass</i>. It is very
malleable and ductile, and when beaten into thin leaves is sometimes called
<i>Dutch metal</i>. The addition of arsenic makes <i>white
tombac</i>.</def> [Written also <i>tombak</i>, and <i>tambac</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tom"bes*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tumble</u>, and
<u>-ster</u>.] <def>A female dancer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tomb"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
tomb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom"boy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tom</i> (for Thomas, L.
<i>Thomas</i>, fr. Gr. &?; )+ <i>boy</i>.] <def>A romping girl; a
hoiden.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tomb"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone erected over
a grave, to preserve the memory of the deceased.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom"cat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tom</i> (see
<u>Tomboy</u>) + <i>cat</i>.] <def>A male cat, especially when full grown
or of large size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom"cod`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tom</i> (see
<u>Tomboy</u>) + <i>cod</i>: cf. F. <i>tacaud</i> whiting pout, American
Indian <i>tacaud</i>, literally, plenty fish.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small edible American fish (<i>Microgadus
tomcod</i>) of the Codfish family, very abundant in autumn on the Atlantic
coast of the Northen United States; -- called also <i>frostfish</i>. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Frostfish</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
kingfish. See <u>Kingfish</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The jack. See 2d <u>Jack</u>, 8.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tome</i> (cf. It., Sp., &
Pg. <i>tomo</i>), L. <i>tomus</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a piece cut off, a part of a
book, a volume, akin to &?; to cup, and perhaps to L. <i>tondere</i> to
shear, E. <i>tonsure</i>.  Cf. <u>Anatomy</u>, <u>Atom</u>,
<u>Entomology</u>, <u>Epitome</u>. ] <def>As many writings as are bound in
a volume, forming part of a larger work; a book; -- usually applied to a
ponderous volume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tomes</i> of fable and of dream.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A more childish expedient than that to which he now resorted
is not to be found in all the <i>tomes</i> of the casuists.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tome"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>All small tome, or
volume.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>To"men*tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tomentum</i> a
stuffing of wool, hair, or feathers: cf. F. <i>tomenteux</i>.] <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Covered with matted woolly hairs; as, a
<i>tomentose</i> leaf; a <i>tomentose</i> leaf; a <i>tomentose</i>
membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*men"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tomentose.</def></p>

<p><hw>||To*men"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tomenta</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Tomentose</u>. ] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The closely matted hair or downy nap covering the leaves or stems of
some plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom"fool`</hw> (t&obreve;m"f&oomac;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Tom</i> (see <u>Tomboy</u>) + <i>fool</i>.] <def>A great fool; a
trifler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom`fool"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Folly;
trifling.</def></p>

<p><hw>||To"mi*um</hw> (t&omacr;"m&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Tomia</b></plw> (-&adot;) [NL.,
fr. Gr. <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cutting
edge of the bill of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom"john`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of East Indian
origin.] <def>A kind of open sedan used in Ceylon, carried by a single pole
on men's shoulders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bread,
-- generally a penny roll; the supply of food carried by workmen as their
daily allowance.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A truck, or barter; the exchange of labor for
goods, not money.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Tommy</i> is used adjectively or in compounds; as,
<i>tommy</i> master, <i>tommy</i>-store, <i>tommy</i>-shop, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Tom"nod`dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tom</i> (see
<u>Tomboy</u>) + <i>noddy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A sea bird, the puffin.</def> [Prov.Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fool; a dunce; a noddy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||To*mop"te*ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>to`mos</grk> a cut + <grk>ptero`n</grk> wing (but taken to mean,
fin).] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of transparent marine annelids
which swim actively at the surface of the sea. They have deeply divided or
forked finlike organs (parapodia). This genus is the type of the order, or
suborder, Gymnocopa.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*morn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Prep. <i>to + morn</i>.]
<def>To-morrow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>To*mor"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Prep. <i>to +
morrow</i>.] <def>On the day after the present day; on the next day; on the
morrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Summon him <i>to-morrow</i> to the Tower.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>To*mor"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The day after the
present; the morrow.</def>"<i>To-morrow</i> is our wedding day."  <i>
Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One today is worth two <i>to-morrows</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tom"pi*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tampios</u>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stopper of a cannon or a musket. See
<u>Tampion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A plug in a flute or an organ
pipe, to modulate the tone.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The iron bottom to which grapeshot are
fixed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom"pon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tampon</i>. See
<u>Tampion</u>.] <def>An inking pad used in lithographic
printing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom"rig`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tom</i> (see
<u>Tomboy</u>) + <i>rig</i>.)] <def>A rude, wild, wanton girl; a hoiden; a
tomboy.</def> <i>Dennis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tom"tit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tom</i> (see
<u>Tomboy</u>) + <i>tit</i> the bird.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A titmouse, esp. the blue titmouse.</def>
[Prov.eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The wren.</def> [Prov.eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tom"-tom`</hw> (t&obreve;m"t&obreve;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Tam-tam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton</hw> (t&obreve;n), obs. <def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of
<u>Toe</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ton</hw> (t&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tunny</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common tunny, or horse mackerel.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ton</hw> (t&ocirc;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Tone</u>.]
<def>The prevailing fashion or mode; vogue; as, things of <i>ton</i>.</def>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If our people of <i>ton</i> are selfish, at any rate they
show they are selfish.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bon ton</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ton</hw> (t&ubreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tonne</i>,
<i>tunne</i>, a tun, <u>AS</u>. <i>tunne</i> a tun, tub, a large vessel;
akin to G. &amp; F. <i>tonne</i> a ton, tun, LL. <i>tunna</i> a tun; all
perhaps of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>tunna</i> a tun.  Cf.
<u>Tun</u>,<u>Tunnel</u>.] <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A measure of weight or
quantity.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The weight of twenty hundredweight.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, the <i>ton</i> is 2,240 pounds. In the United States
the ton is commonly estimated at 2,000 pounds, this being sometimes called
the <i>short ton</i>, while that of 2,240 pounds is called the <i>long
ton</i>.</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut. &amp; Com.)</i> <def>Forty cubic feet of
space, being the unit of measurement of the burden, or carrying capacity,
of a vessel; as a vessel of 300 <i>tons</i> burden.</def> See the Note
under <u>Tonnage</u>.</p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut. &amp; Com.)</i> <def>A certain weight or
quantity of merchandise, with reference to transportation as freight; as,
six hundred weight of ship bread in casks, seven hundred weight in bags,
eight hundred weight in bulk; ten bushels of potatoes; eight sacks, or ten
barrels, of flour; forty cubic feet of rough, or fifty cubic feet of hewn,
timber, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Ton</i> and <i>tun</i> have the same etymology, and were
formerly used interchangeably; but now <i>ton</i> generally designates the
weight, and <i>tun</i> the cask. See <u>Tun</u>.</p>

<p><hw>To*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tonalit&eacute;</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The principle of key in music;
the character which a composition has by virtue of the key in which it is
written, or through the family relationship of all its tones and chords to
the keynote, or tonic, of the whole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The predominance of the tonic as the link which connects all
the tones of a piece, we may, with F&eacute;tis, term the principle of
<i>tonality</i>.</blockquote> <i>Helmholtz.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"-name`</hw> (t&oomac;"n&amacr;m`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [prep.
<i>to</i> + <i>name</i>.] <def>A name added, for the sake of distinction,
to one's surname, or used instead of it.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ton"ca bean`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Tonka
bean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tone</hw> (t&omacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ton</i>, L.
<i>tonus</i> a sound, tone, fr. Gr. <grk>to`nos</grk> a stretching,
straining, raising of the voice, pitch, accent, measure or meter, in pl.,
modes or keys differing in pitch; akin to <grk>tei`nein</grk> to stretch or
strain. See <u>Thin</u>, and cf. <u>Monotonous</u>, <u>Thunder</u>,
<u>Ton</u> fashion, <u>Tune</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sound, or the
character of a sound, or a sound considered as of this or that character;
as, a low, high, loud, grave, acute, sweet, or harsh <i>tone</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Harmony divine] smooths her charming
<i>tones</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tones</i> that with seraph hymns might
blend.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>Accent, or inflection or
modulation of the voice, as adapted to express emotion or
passion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eager his <i>tone</i>, and ardent were his
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A whining style of speaking; a kind of mournful
or artificial strain of voice; an affected speaking with a measured rhythm
ahd a regular rise and fall of the voice; as, children often read with a
<i>tone</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sound
considered as to pitch; as, the seven <i>tones</i> of the octave; she has
good high <i>tones</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The larger kind of
interval between contiguous sounds in the diatonic scale, the smaller being
called a <i>semitone</i> as, a whole <i>tone</i> too flat; raise it a
<i>tone</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The peculiar quality of sound
in any voice or instrument; as, a rich <i>tone</i>, <i>a reedy
tone</i>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A mode or tune or plain chant; as,
the Gregorian <i>tones</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The use of the word <i>tone</i>, both for a sound and for the
interval between two sounds or tones, is confusing, but is common -- almost
universal.</p>

<p>&fist; Nearly every musical sound is composite, consisting of several
simultaneous <i>tones</i> having different rates of vibration according to
fixed laws, which depend upon the nature of the vibrating body and the mode
of excitation. The components (of a composite sound) are called <i>partial
tones</i>; that one having the lowest rate of vibration is the
<i>fundamental tone</i>, and the other <i>partial tones</i> are called
<i>harmonics</i>, or <i>overtones</i>.  The vibration ratios of the
<i>partial tones</i> composing any sound are expressed by all, or by a
part, of the numbers in the series 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc.; and the quality of
any sound (the <i>tone color</i>) is due in part to the presence or absence
of <i>overtones</i> as represented in this series, and in part to the
greater or less intensity of those present as compared with the
<i>fundamental tone</i> and with one another. <i>Resultant tones</i>,
<i>combination tones</i>, <i>summation tones</i>, <i>difference tones</i>,
<i>Tartini's tones</i> (terms only in part synonymous) are produced by the
simultaneous sounding of two or more primary (simple or composite)
tones.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>That state of a body, or of any of
its organs or parts, in which the animal functions are healthy and
performed with due vigor.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, the word is metaphorically applied to character or
faculties, intellectual and moral; as, his mind has lost its
<i>tone</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Tonicity; as, arterial
<i>tone</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>State of mind; temper; mood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The strange situation I am in and the melancholy state of
public affairs, . . . drag the mind down . . . from a philosophical
<i>tone</i> or temper, to the drudgery of private and public
business.</blockquote> <i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>tone</i> was dissatisfied, almost
menacing.</blockquote> <i>W. C. Bryant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Tenor; character; spirit; drift; as, the
<i>tone</i> of his remarks was commendatory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>General or prevailing character or style, as of
morals, manners, or sentiment, in reference to a scale of high and low; as,
a low <i>tone</i> of morals; a <i>tone</i> of elevated sentiment; a courtly
<i>tone</i> of manners.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The general effect of a picture produced by the
combination of light and shade, together with color in the case of a
painting; -- commonly used in a favorable sense; as, this picture has
<i>tone</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tone color</b></col>. <i>(Mus.)</i> <cd>see the Note under def.
4, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Tone syllable</b></col>, <cd>an accented
syllable.</cd>  <i>M. Stuart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Toned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Toning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter with an affected
tone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give tone, or a particular tone, to; to tune.
See <u>Tune</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>To bring, as a print, to a
certain required shade of color, as by chemical treatment.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To tone down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to give
lower tone or sound; to give a lower tone to.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Paint.)</i> <cd>To modify, as color, by making it less brilliant or
less crude; to modify, as a composition of color, by making it more
harmonius.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Its thousand hues <i>toned down</i>
harmoniusly.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> Fig.: To moderate or relax; to diminish or weaken
the striking characteristics of; to soften.</p>

<p><blockquote>The best method for the purpose in hand was to employ some
one of a character and position suited to get possession of their
confidence, and then use it <i>to tone down</i> their religious
strictures.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p> -- <col><b>To tone up</b></col>, <cd>to cause to give a higher tone or
sound; to give a higher tone to; to make more intense; to heighten; to
strengthen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Toned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having (such) a tone; --
chiefly used in composition; as, high-<i>toned</i>; sweet-
<i>toned</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Toned paper</b></col>, <cd>paper having a slight tint, in
distinction from paper which is quite white.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tone"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no tone;
unmusical.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tong</hw> (?), <hw>Tonge</hw>}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Tongue.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ton"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A drug
useful in neuralgia, derived from a Fijian plant supposed to be of the
aroid genus <i>Epipremnum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tong"kang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A kind
of boat or junk used in the seas of the Malay Archipelago.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mangrove; -- so
called in the Pacific Islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tongs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tonge</i>,
<i>tange</i>, AS. <i>tange</i>; akin to D. <i>tang</i>, G. <i>zanga</i>,
OHG. <i>zanga</i>, Don. <i>tang</i>, Sw. <i>t&aring;ng</i>, Icel.
<i>t&ouml;ng</i>, Gr. <grk>da`knein</grk> to bite, Skr.
<i>da&ntilde;i&ccedil;</i>, <i>da&ccedil;</i>. &radic;59.  Cf. <u>Tang</u>
a strong taste, anything projecting.] <def>An instrument, usually of metal,
consisting of two parts, or long shafts, jointed together at or near one
end, or united by an elastic bow, used for handling things, especially hot
coals or metals; -- often called a <i>pair of tongs</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tongue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tunge</i>,
<i>tonge</i>, AS. <i>tunge</i>; akin to OFries. <i>tunge</i>, D.
<i>tong</i>, OS. <i>tunga</i>, G. <i>zunge</i>, OHG. <i>zunga</i>, Icel. &
Sw. <i>tunga</i>, Dan <i>tunge</i>, Goth. <i>tugg&omacr;</i>, OL.
<i>dingua</i>, L. <i>lingua</i>. &radic;243  Cf.<u>Language</u>,
<u>Lingo</u>. ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>an organ situated in the floor of
the mouth of most vertebrates and connected with the hyoid arch.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The tongue is usually muscular, mobile, and free at one
extremity, and in man other mammals is the principal organ of taste, aids
in the prehension of food, in swallowing, and in modifying the voice as in
speech.</p>

<p><blockquote>To make his English sweet upon his
<i>tongue</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The power of articulate utterance;
speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Parrots imitating human <i>tongue</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Discourse; fluency of speech or
expression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Much <i>tongue</i> and much judgment seldom go
together.</blockquote> <i>L. Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Honorable discourse; eulogy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She was born noble; let that title find her a private grave,
but neither <i>tongue</i> nor honor.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A language; the whole sum of words used by a
particular nation; as, the English <i>tongue</i>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose <i>tongue</i> thou shalt not understand.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. xxviii. 49.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To speak all <i>tongues</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Speech; words or declarations only; -- opposed
to <i>thoughts</i> or <i>actions</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My little children, let us love in word, neither in
<i>tongue</i>, but in deed and in truth.</blockquote> <i>1 John iii.
18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A people having a distinct language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A will gather all nations and <i>tongues</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Isa. lxvi. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
lingual ribbon, or odontophore, of a mollusk.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The proboscis of a moth or a butterfly.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The lingua of an insect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any small sole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>That which is considered as resembing an
animal's tongue, in position or form.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A projection, or slender appendage or fixture;
as, the <i>tongue</i> of a buckle, or of a balance.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1517 !></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A projection on the side, as of a board, which
fits into a groove.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A point, or long, narrow strip of land,
projecting from the mainland into a sea or a lake.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The pole of a vehicle; especially, the pole of
an ox cart, to the end of which the oxen are yoked.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The clapper of a bell.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A short piece of rope spliced
into the upper part of standing backstays, etc.; also. the upper main piece
of a mast composed of several pieces.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Reed</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To hold the tongue</b></col>, <cd>to be silent.</cd> --
<col><b>Tongue bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the hyoid bone.</cd> --
<col><b>Tongue grafting</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Grafting</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Language; speech; expression. See <u>Language</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Tongue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tongued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tonguing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To speak; to utter.</def> "Such
stuff as madmen <i>tongue</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To chide; to scold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How might she <i>tongue</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To modulate or modify with the
tongue, as notes, in playing the flute and some other wind
instruments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To join means of a tongue and grove; as, to
<i>tongue</i> boards together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tongue</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
talk; to prate.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To use the tongue in forming the
notes, as in playing the flute and some other wind instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tongue"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wryneck.
</def>[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tongued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
tongue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tongued</i> like the night crow.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tongue"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A flounder (<i>Symphurus plagiusa</i>) native of the southern coast of
the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tongue"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having no tongue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, speechless; mute.</def> "What
<i>tongueless</i> blocks were they! would they not speak?"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unnamed; not spoken of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One good deed dying <i>tongueless</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tongue"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tongue"-pad`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A great
talker.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tongue"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like a
tongue; specifically <i>(Bot.)</i>, linear or oblong, and fleshy, blunt at
the end, and convex beneath; as, a <i>tongue-shaped</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tongue"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any species of
Lingula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tongue"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses his
tongue; a talker; a story-teller; a gossip.</def> [Poetic.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Step by step we rose to greatness; through the
<i>tonguesters</i> we may fall.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tongue"-tie`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Impeded motion of the tongue because of the shortness of the
fr&aelig;num, or of the adhesion of its margins to the gums.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tongue"-tie`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deprive of speech
or the power of speech, or of distinct articulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tongue"-tied`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of the power of distinct articulation; having an impediment
in the speech, esp. when caused by a short fr&aelig;num.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unable to speak freely, from whatever
cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love, therefore, and <i>tongue-tied</i>
simplicity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tongue"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of Linguatulina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tongu"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ready or voluble in
speaking; as, a <i>tonguy</i> speaker.</def> [Written also <i>tonguey</i>.]
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tonigue</i>, Gr.
&?;. See <u>Tone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or relating to tones or
sounds; specifically <i>(Phon.)</i>, applied to, or distingshing, a speech
sound made with tone unmixed and undimmed by obstruction, such sounds,
namely, the vowels and diphthongs, being so called by Dr. James Rush (1833)
" from their forming the purest and most plastic material of
intonation."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to tension; increasing tension;
hence, increasing strength; as, <i>tonic</i> power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Increasing strength, or the tone
of the animal system; obviating the effects of debility, and restoring
healthy functions.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tonic spasm</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See the Note under
<u>Spasm</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ton"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tonique</i>, NL.
<i>tonicum</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A tonic element or
letter; a vowel or a diphthong.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The key tone, or first tone of any
scale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine that increases the
strength, and gives vigor of action to the system.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tonic sol-fa</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the name of the most
popular among letter systems of notation (at least in England), based on
key relationship, and hence called "tonic."  Instead of the five lines,
clefs, signature, etc., of the usual notation, it employs letters and the
syllables <i>do</i>, <i>re</i>, <i>mi</i>, etc., variously modified, with
other simple signs of duration, of upper or lower octave, etc. See <u>Sol-
fa</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ton"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tonic.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>To*nic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The state of healthy tension or partial contraction of muscle fibers
while at rest; tone; tonus.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*night"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Prep. <i>to</i> +
<i>night</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On this present or coming
night.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>On the last night past.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>To*night"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The present or the coming
night; the night after the present day.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.L. <i>tonare</i> to
thunder.] <def>An explosive compound; a preparation of gun
cotton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton"ka bean`</hw> (?). [Cf. F. <i>onca</i>, <i>tonka</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The seed of a leguminous tree (<i>Dipteryx odorata</i>),
native of Guiana. It has a peculiarly agreeable smell, and is employed in
the scenting of snuff. Called also <i>tonquin bean</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>tonca bean</i>, <i>tonga bean</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ton"nage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Ton</u> a
measure.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The weight of goods carried in a boat or a
ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cubical content or burden of a vessel, or
vessels, in tons; or, the amount of weight which one or several vessels may
carry. See <u>Ton</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fleet . . . with an aggregate <i>tonnage</i> of 60,000
seemed sufficient to conquer the world.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A duty or impost on vessels, estimated per ton,
or, a duty, toll, or rate payable on goods per ton transported on
canals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The whole amount of shipping estimated by tons;
as, the <i>tonnage</i> of the United States. See <u>Ton</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are in common use the following terms relating to tonnage:
(<i>a</i>) Displacement. (<i>b</i>) Register tonnage, gross and net.
(<i>c</i>) Freight tonnage. (<i>d</i>) Builders' measurement. (<i>e</i>)
Yacht measurement. The first is mainly used for war vessels, where the
total weight is likely to be nearly constant. The second is the most
important, being that used for commercial purposes. The third and fourth
are different rules for ascertaining the actual burden-carrying power of a
vessel, and the fifth is for the proper classification of pleasure craft.
<i>Gross tonnage</i> expresses the total cubical interior of a vessel;
<i>net tonnage</i>, the cubical space actually available for freight-
carrying purposes. Rules for ascertaining these measurements are
established by law.</p>

<p><hw>Tonne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tun.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ton"ni*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The female of the bullfinch; -- called also <i>tonyhoop</i>.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ton"nish</hw> (t&obreve;n"n&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In
the ton; fashionable; modish.</def> -- <wf>Ton"nish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>To*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a stretching, a
tone + <i>-meter</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics.)</i> <def>An
instrument for determining the rate of vibrations in tones.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
apparatus for studying and registering the action of various fluids and
drugs on the excised heart of lower animals.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An instrument for measuring tension, esp. that of the
eyeball.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*nom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
measuring with a tonometer;</def> specifically <i>(Med.)</i>,
<def>measurement of tension, esp. the tension of the eyeball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton"o*phant</hw> (t&omacr;n"&oasl;*f<i>a</i>nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>to`nos</grk> a tone + <grk>fai`nein</grk> to
show.] <i>(Physics.)</i> <def>A modification of the kaleidophon, for
showing composition of acoustic vibrations. It consists of two thin slips
of steel welded together, their length being adjystable by a screw
socket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in tone or
sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton"quin bean`</hw> (t&obreve;&nsmac;"k&ibreve;n b&emacr;n).
<def>See <u>Tonka bean</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton"sil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tonsill</i>&?;, pl.:
cf. F. <i>tonsille</i>. ] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the two glandular
organs situated in the throat at the sides of the fauces. The tonsils are
sometimes called the <i>almonds</i>, from their shape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton"sil*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the tonsils; tonsilitic.</def> [Written also
<i>tonsillar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ton"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tonsilis</i>, fr.
<i>tondere</i>, <i>tonsum</i>, to shear, clip. See <u>Tonsure</u>. ]
<def>Capable of being clipped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton`sil*it"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Tonsilar.</def> [Written also <i>tonsillitic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ton`sil*i"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Tonsil</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
tonsil; quinsy.</def> [Written also, and more usually,
<i>tonsillitis</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ton*sil"o*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tonsil</i> + Gr.
<grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument for removing
the tonsils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton`sil*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>The operation of removing the tonsil, or a portion thereof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A barber.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ton*so"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tonsorius</i>,
fr. <i>tonsor</i> a shearer, barber, fr. <i>tondere</i>, <i>tonsum</i>, to
shear. See <u>Tonsure</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a barber, or
shaving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>tonsura</i> a
shearing, clipping, from <i>tondere</i>, <i>tonsum</i>, to shear, shave;
cf. Gr. &?; to gnaw; perhaps akin to Gr. &?; to cut, and E. <i>tome</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of clipping the hair, or of shaving the
crown of the head; also, the state of being shorn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The first
ceremony used for devoting a person to the service of God and the church;
the first degree of the clericate, given by a bishop, abbot, or cardinal
priest, consisting in cutting off the hair from a circular space at the
back of the head, with prayers and benedictions; hence, entrance or
admission into minor orders.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The shaven
corona, or crown, which priests wear as a mark of their order and of their
rank.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton"sured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the tonsure;
shaven; shorn; clipped; hence, bald.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>tonsured</i> head in middle age forlorn.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ton*tine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from It.
<i>tontina</i>; -- so called from its inventor, <i>Tonti</i>, an Italian,
of the 17th century.] <def>An annuity, with the benefit of survivorship, or
a loan raised on life annuities with the benefit of survivorship. Thus, an
annuity is shared among a number, on the principle that the share of each,
at his death, is enjoyed by the survivors, until at last the whole goes to
the last survivor, or to the last two or three, according to the terms on
which the money is advanced. Used also adjectively; as, <i>tontine</i>
insurance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> Too many of the financiers by professions are apt to see
nothing in revenue but banks, and circulations, and annuities on lives, and
<i>tontines</i>, and perpetual rents, and all the small wares of the
shop.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>||To"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. a sound, tone. See
<u>Tone</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Tonicity, or tone; as, muscular
<i>tonus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tonies</b></plw> (#). [Abbrev. from <i>Anthony</i>.] <def>A
simpleton.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A pattern and companion fit<BR>
For all the keeping <i>tonies</i> of the pit.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Too</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [The same word as <i>to</i>,
prep. See <u>To</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Over; more than enough; -- noting excess; as, a
thing is <i>too</i> long, <i>too</i> short, or <i>too</i> wide; <i>too</i>
high; <i>too</i> many; <i>too</i> much.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His will, <i>too</i> strong to bend, <i>too</i> proud to
learn.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Likewise; also; in addition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An honest courtier, yet a patriot <i>too</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let those eyes that view<BR>
The daring crime, behold the vengeance <i>too</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Too too</b></col>, <cd>a duplication used to signify great
excess.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>O that this <i>too too</i> solid flesh would
melt.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such is not Charles his <i>too too</i> active
age.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Also; likewise. See <u>Also</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Took</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Take</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tool</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tol</i>,<i>tool</i>. AS.
<i>t&omacr;l</i>; akin to Icel. <i>t&omacr;l</i>, Goth. <i>taijan</i> to
do, to make, <i>taui</i> deed, work, and perhaps to E. <i>taw</i> to dress
leather. &radic;64.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument such as a
hammer, saw, plane, file, and the like, used in the manual arts, to
facilitate mechanical operations; any instrument used by a craftsman or
laborer at his work; an implement; as, the <i>tools</i> of a joiner, smith,
shoe-maker, etc.; also, a cutter, chisel, or other part of an instrument or
machine that dresses work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine for cutting or shaping materials; --
also called <i>machine tool</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any instrument of use or
service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That angry fool . . . <BR>
Whipping her horse, did with his smarting <i>tool</i><BR>
Oft whip her dainty self.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A weapon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Him that is aghast of every <i>tool</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A person used as an instrument by another
person; -- a word of reproach; as, men of intrigue have their <i>tools</i>,
by whose agency they accomplish their purposes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was not made for a minion or a <i>tool</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Burks.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tool</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>tooled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>tooling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shape, form, or finish with a
tool.</def> "Elaborately <i>tooled</i>."  <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive, as a coach.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tool"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work performed with a
tool.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fine <i>tooling</i> and delicate tracery of the cabinet
artist is lost upon a building of colossal proportions.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tool"-post`</hw> (?), <hw>Tool"-stock`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The part of a tool-rest in which a
cutting tool is clamped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tool"-rest`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>the
part that supports a tool-post or a tool.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toom</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tom</i>, fr. Icel.
<i>t&omacr;mr</i>; akin to Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>tom</i>, As. <i>t&omacr;me</i>,
adv.  Cf. <u>Teem</u> to pour.] <def>Empty.</def> [Obs. or Prov.Eng. &
Scot.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toom</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To empty.</def> [Obs. or
Prov.Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Toon</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Toe</u>.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>tun</i>,
<i>t&umacr;n</i>, Skr. <i>tunna</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The reddish brown
wood of an East Indian tree (<i>Cedrela Toona</i>) closely resembling the
Spanish cedar; also. the tree itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toon"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Toon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>toten</i>, AS.
<i>totian</i> to project; hence, to peep out.] [Written also <i>tout</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stand out, or be prominent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To peep; to look narrowly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For birds in bushes <i>tooting</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To see; to spy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tooted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tooting</u>.] [Cf.
D. <i>toeten</i> to blow a horn, G. <i>tuten</i>, Sw. <i>tuta</i>, Dan.
<i>tude</i>; probably of imitative origin.] <def>To blow or sound a horn;
to make similar noise by contact of the tongue with the root of the upper
teeth at the beginning and end of the sound; also, to give forth such a
sound, as a horn when blown.</def> "A <i>tooting</i> horn."
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tooting</i> horns and rattling teams of mail
coaches.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to sound, as a
horn, the note being modified at the beginning and end as if by pronouncing
the letter <i>t</i>; to blow; to sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toot"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who toots; one who
plays upon a pipe or horn.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tooth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Teeth</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>toth</i>,<i>tooth</i>, AS.
<i>t&omacr;&eth;</i>; akin to OFries. <i>t&omacr;th</i>, OS. &amp; D.
<i>tand</i>, OHG. <i>zang</i>, <i>zan</i>, G. <i>zahn</i>, Icel.
<i>t&ouml;nn</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>tand</i>, Goth. <i>tumpus</i>, Lith.
<i>dantis</i>, W. <i>dant</i>, L. <i>dens</i>, <i>dentis</i>, Gr.
<grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, Skr. <i>danta</i>; probably
originally the p. pr. of the verb to <i>eat</i>. &radic;239.  Cf.
<u>Eat</u>, <u>Dandelion</u>, <u>Dent</u> the tooth of a wheel,
<u>Dental</u>, <u>Dentist</u>, <u>Indent</u>, <u>Tine</u> of a fork,
<u>Tusk</u>. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the hard, bony
appendages which are borne on the jaws, or on other bones in the walls of
the mouth or pharynx of most vertebrates, and which usually aid in the
prehension and mastication of food.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The hard parts of teeth are principally made up of
<i>dentine</i>, or ivory, and a very hard substance called <i>enamel</i>.
These are variously combined in different animals.  Each tooth consist of
three parts, a <i>crown</i>, or body, projecting above the gum, one or more
<i>fangs</i> imbedded in the jaw, and the <i>neck</i>, or intermediate
part. In some animals one or more of the teeth are modified into tusks
which project from the mouth, as in both sexes of the elephant and of the
walrus, and in the male narwhal.</p>

<p>  In adult man there are thirty-two teeth, composed largely of dentine,
but the crowns are covered with enamel, and the fangs with a layer of bone
called <i>cementum</i>. Of the eight teeth on each half of each jaw, the
two in front are <i>incisors</i>, then come one <i>canine</i>, cuspid, or
dog tooth, two <i>bicuspids</i>, or false molars, and three <i>molars</i>,
or grinding teeth. The milk, or temporary, teeth are only twenty in number,
there being two incisors, one canine, and two molars on each half of each
jaw. The last molars, or wisdom teeth, usually appear long after the
others, and occasionally do not appear above the jaw at all.</p>

<p><blockquote>How sharper than a serpent's <i>tooth</i> it is<BR>
To have a thankless child !</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Taste; palate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These are not dishes for thy dainty
<i>tooth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any projection corresponding to the tooth of an
animal, in shape, position, or office; as, the <i>teeth</i>, or cogs, of a
cogwheel; a <i>tooth</i>, prong, or tine, of a fork; a <i>tooth</i>, or the
<i>teeth</i>, of a rake, a saw, a file, a card.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A projecting member
resembling a tenon, but fitting into a mortise that is only sunk, not
pierced through.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of several steps, or
offsets, in a <i>tusk</i>. See <u>Tusk</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1518 !></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>An angular or prominence on
any edge; as, a <i>tooth</i> on the scale of a fish, or on a leaf of a
plant</def>; specifically <i>(Bot.)</i>, <def>one of the appendages at the
mouth of the capsule of a moss. See <u>Peristome</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any hard calcareous or
chitinous organ found in the mouth of various invertebrates and used in
feeding or procuring food; as, the <i>teeth</i> of a mollusk or a
starfish.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In spite of the teeth</b></col>, <cd>in defiance of opposition;
in opposition to every effort.</cd> -- <col><b>In the teeth</b></col>,
<cd>directly; in direct opposition; in front.</cd> "Nor strive with all the
tempest in my <i>teeth</i>." <i>Pope.</i> -- <col><b>To cast in the
teeth</b></col>, <cd>to report reproachfully; to taunt or insult one
with.</cd> -- <col><b>Tooth and nail</b></col>, <cd>as if by biting and
scratching; with one's utmost power; by all possible means.</cd>
<i>L'Estrange.</i>  "I shall fight <i>tooth and nail</i> for international
copyright." <i>Charles Reade.</i> -- <col><b>Tooth coralline</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any sertularian hydroid.</cd> -- <col><b>Tooth
edge</b></col>, <cd>the sensation excited in the teeth by grating sounds,
and by the touch of certain substances, as keen acids.</cd> --
<col><b>Tooth key</b></col>, <cd>an instrument used to extract teeth by a
motion resembling that of turning a key.</cd> -- <col><b>Tooth
net</b></col>, <cd>a large fishing net anchored.</cd> [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i> -- <col><b>Tooth ornament</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Dogtooth</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Tooth
powder</b></col>, <cd>a powder for cleaning the teeth; a dentifrice.</cd> -
- <col><b>Tooth rash</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <u>Red-gum</u>,
1.</cd> -- <col><b>To show the teeth</b></col>, <cd>to threaten.</cd> "When
the Law <i>shows</i> her <i>teeth</i>, but dares not bite."  <i>Young.</i>
-- <col><b>To the teeth</b></col>, <cd>in open opposition; directly to
one's face.</cd> "That I shall live, and tell him <i>to</i> his
<i>teeth</i> ." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tooth</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Toothed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Toothing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with teeth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The twin cards <i>toothed</i> with glittering
wire.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To indent; to jag; as, to <i>tooth</i> a
saw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lock into each other. See <u>Tooth</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def>  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"ache`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pain
in a tooth or in the teeth; odontalgia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Toothache grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of grass
(<i>Ctenium Americanum</i>) having a very pungent taste.</cd> --
<col><b>Toothache tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
prickly ash.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A shrub of the genus
<i>Aralia</i> (<i>A. spinosa</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any notodontian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A peculiar fruit-eating ground pigeon (<i>Didunculus strigiostris</i>)
native of the Samoan Islands, and noted for its resemblance, in several
characteristics, to the extinct dodo. Its beak is stout and strongly
hooked, and the mandible has two or three strong teeth toward the end.  Its
color is chocolate red. Called also <i>toothbilled pigeon</i>, and <i>manu-
mea</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"brush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A brush for
cleaning the teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"draw`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose business
it is to extract teeth with instruments; a dentist.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toothed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having teeth; furnished with teeth.</def> "Ruby-lipped and
<i>toothed</i> with pearl."  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having marginal
projecting points; dentate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Toothed whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any whale of
the order Denticete. See <u>Denticete</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Toothed
wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel with teeth or projections cut or set on its
edge or circumference, for transmitting motion by their action on the
engaging teeth of another wheel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Toothsome.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tooth"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or process of indenting or furnishing with teeth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>Bricks alternately projecting
at the end of a wall, in order that they may be bonded into a continuation
of it when the remainder is carried up.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Toothing plane</b></col>, <cd>a plane of which the iron is
formed into a series of small teeth, for the purpose of roughening
surfaces, as of veneers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no teeth.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little tooth, or
like projection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"let*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a toothlet or
toothlets; as, a <i>toothleted</i> leaf.</def> [Written also
<i>toothletted</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tooth"pick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pointed instument
for clearing the teeth of substances lodged between them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"pick`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A toothpick.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"shell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of Dentalium and allied genera having a tooth-shaped
shell. See <u>Dentalium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Grateful to the
taste; palatable.</def> -- <wf>Tooth"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -
- <wf>Tooth"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Though less <i>toothsome</i> to me, they were more wholesome
for me.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant whose roots are fancied to resemble teeth, as certain plants of the
genus <i>Lathr&aelig;a</i>, and various species of <i>Dentaria</i>. See
<u>Coralwort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tooth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Toothed; with
teeth.</def> [R] <i>Croxall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Too*zoo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The ringdove.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Top</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. OD. <i>dop</i>, <i>top</i>,
OHG., MNG., &amp; dial. G. <i>topf</i>; perhaps akin to G. <i>topf</i> a pot.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A child's toy, commonly in the form of a conoid or
pear, made to spin on its point, usually by drawing off a string wound
round its surface or stem, the motion being sometimes continued by means of
a whip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rope Making)</i> <def>A plug, or conical block of
wood, with longitudital grooves on its surface, in which the strands of the
rope slide in the process of twisting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>top</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>top</i> a tuft, D. <i>top</i> top, OHG. <i>zopf</i> end, tip, tuft of
hair, G. <i>zopf</i> tuft of hair, pigtail, top of a tree, Icel.
<i>toppr</i> a tuft of hair, crest, top, Dan. <i>top</i>, Sw. <i>topp</i>
pinnacle, top; of uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Tuft</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The highest part of anything; the upper end, edge, or extremity; the
upper side or surface; summit; apex; vertex; cover; lid; as, the <i>top</i>
of a spire; the <i>top</i> of a house; the <i>top</i> of a mountain; the
<i>top</i> of the ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The star that bids the shepherd fold,<BR>
Now the <i>top</i> of heaven doth hold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The utmost degree; the acme; the
summit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>top</i> of my ambition is to contribute to that
work.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The highest rank; the most honorable position;
the utmost attainable place; as, to be at the <i>top</i> of one's class, or
at the <i>top</i> of the school.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And wears upon his baby brow the round<BR>
And <i>top</i> of sovereignty.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The chief person; the most prominent
one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Other . . . aspired to be the <i>top</i> of
zealots.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The crown of the head, or the hair upon it; the
head.</def> "From <i>top</i> to toe"  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the stored vengeance of Heaven fall<BR>
On her ungrateful <i>top</i> !</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The head, or upper part, of a plant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The buds . . . are called heads, or <i>tops</i>, as
cabbageheads.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A platform surrounding the head
of the lower mast and projecting on all sudes. It serves to spead the
topmast rigging, thus strengheningthe mast, and also furnishes a convenient
standing place for the men aloft.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Wool Manuf.)</i> <def>A bundle or ball of slivers
of comkbed wool, from which the noils, or dust, have been taken
out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Eve; verge; point.</def> [R.] "He was upon the
<i>top</i> of his marriage with Magdaleine."  <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The part of a cut gem between the girdle, or
circumference, and the table, or flat upper surface.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Top-boots.</def> [Slang]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Top</i> is often used adjectively or as the first part of
compound words, usually self-explaining; as, <i>top</i> stone, or
<i>top</i>stone; <i>top</i>-boots, or <i>top</i> boots; <i>top</i> soil, or
<i>top</i>-soil.</p>

<p><col><b>Top and but</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>a phrase used
to denote a method of working long tapering planks by bringing the but of
one plank to the top of the other to make up a constant breadth in two
layers.</cd> -- <col><b>Top minnow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
small viviparous fresh-water fish (<i>Gambusia patruelis</i>) abundant in
the Southern United States. Also applied to other similar species.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Top</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Topped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Topping</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rise aloft; to be eminent; to tower; as, lofty
ridges and <i>topping</i> mountains.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To predominate; as, <i>topping</i>
passions.</def> "Influenced by <i>topping</i> uneasiness."
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To excel; to rise above others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But write thy, and <i>top</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover
on the top; to tip; to cap; -- chiefly used in the past
participle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like moving mountains <i>topped</i> with snow.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A mount<BR>
Of alabaster, <i>topped</i> with golden spires.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rise above; to excel; to outgo; to
surpass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Topping</i> all others in boasting.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Edmund the base shall <i>top</i> the
legitimate.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To rise to the top of; to go over the top
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But wind about till thou hast <i>topped</i> the
hill.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take off the or upper part of; to
crop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Top</i> your rose trees a little with your
knife.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To perform eminently, or better than
before.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From endeavoring universally to <i>top</i> their parts, they
will go universally beyond them.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To raise one end of, as a yard,
so that that end becomes higher than the other.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To top off</b></col>, <cd>to complete by putting on, or
finishing, the top or uppermost part of; as, <i>to top off</i> a stack of
hay; hence, to complete; to finish; to adorn.</cd></p>

<p><hw>To"parch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>toparcha</i>, Gr.
&?;; &?; a place + &?; to govern, to rule.] <def>The ruler or principal man
in a place or country; the governor of a toparchy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The prince and <i>toparch</i> of that country.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"parch*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Toparchies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>toparchia</i>, Gr. &?;. See
<u>Toparch</u>.] <def>A small state, consisting of a few cities or towns; a
petty country governed by a toparch; as, Judea was formerly divided into
ten <i>toparchies</i>.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"-ar`mor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A top
railing supported by stanchions and equipped with netting.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"pau</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
rhinocerous bird <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"paz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>topas</i>, F.
<i>topaze</i>, L. <i>topazos</i>, or <i>topazion</i>, a kind of precious
stone, Gr. <grk>to`pazos</grk>, <grk>topa`zion</grk>; possibly akin to Skr.
<i>tap</i> to glow (cf. <u>Tepid</u>). According to some, the name is from
<i>Topazos</i>, a small island in the Red Sea, where the Romans obtained a
stone which they called by this name, but which is the chrysolite of the
moderns.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occurring in
rhombic prisms, generally yellowish and pellucid, also colorless, and of
greenesh, bluish, or brownish shades. It sometimes occurs massive and
opaque. It is a fluosilicate of alumina, and is used as a gem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Either one of two species of
large, brilliantly colored humming birds of the <i>Topaza</i>, of South
America and the West Indies.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The two tail feathers next to the central ones are much longer
that the rest, curved, and crossed. The Throat is metallic yellowish-green,
with a tint like topaz in the center, the belly is bright crimson, the back
bright red. Called also <i>topaz hummer</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>False topaz</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>See the Note under
<u>Quartz</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>To*paz"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Topaz</i> + <i>-
lite</i>; cf. F. <i>topazolithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A topaz-yellow
variety of garnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"-block`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
large ironbound block strapped with a hook, and, when used, hung to an
eyebolt in the cap, -- used in swaying and lowering the topmast.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"-boots</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>High boots,
having generally a band of some kind of light-colored leather around the
upper part of the leg; riding boots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"-chain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
chain for slinging the lower yards, in time of action, to prevent their
falling, if the ropes by which they are hung are shot away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"-cloth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
piece of canvas used to cover the hammocks which are lashed to the top in
action to protect the topmen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"coat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An outer coat; an
overcoat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"-drain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drain the
surface of, as land; as, to <i>top-drain</i> a field or farm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"-drain`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or practice
of drining the surface of land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"-dress`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Top-dressed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Top-dressing</u>.] <def>To apply a surface dressing of manureto,as
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"-dress`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of applying a
dressing of manure to the surface of land; also, manure so
applied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tope</hw> (t&omacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from Skr.
<i>st&umacr;pa</i> a tope, a stupa, through Prakrit <i>th&umacr;po</i>.]
<def>A moundlike Buddhist sepulcher, or memorial monument, often erected
over a Buddhist relic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tope</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Tamil <i>t&omacr;ppu</i>.] <def>A
grove or clump of trees; as, a toddy <i>tope</i>.</def> [India]
<i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tope</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small shark or dogfish (<i>Galeorhinus, or
Galeus, galeus</i>), native of Europe, but found also on the coasts of
California and Tasmania; -- called also <i>toper</i>, <i>oil shark</i>,
<i>miller's dog</i>, and <i>penny dog</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wren.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tope</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Toped</u> (t&omacr;pt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Toping</u>.] [F. <i>t&ocirc;per</i> to cover a stake in playing at dice,
to accept an offer, <i>t&ocirc;pe</i> agreed!; -- perhaps imitative of the
sound of striking hands on concluding a bargain. From being used in English
as a drinking term, probably at first in accepting a toast.] <def>To drink
hard or frequently; to drink strong or spiritous liquors to
excess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you <i>tope</i> in form, and treat.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"per</hw> (t&omacr;"p&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
topes, or drinks frequently or to excess; a drunkard; a sot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>toupet</i> tuft. See
<u>Touper</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European crested
titmouse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Top"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full to the top, ore
brim; brimfull.</def> "<i>Topful</i> of direst cruelty."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] was so <i>topful</i> of himself, that he let it spill
on all the company.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top`gal"lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Situated above the topmast and
below the royal mast; designatb, or pertaining to, the third spars in order
from the deck; as, the <i>topgallant</i> mast, yards, braces, and the like.
See <i>Illustration</i> of <u>Ship</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Highest; elevated; splendid.</def> "The
consciences of <i>topgallant</i> sparks."  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Topgallant breeze</b></col>, <cd>a breeze in which the
topgallant sails may properly be carried.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Top`gal"lant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A topgallant mast or sail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Anything elevated or splendid.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tophus</i>, <i>tofus</i>,
tufa, or tuft.  Cf. <u>Tufa</u>, <u>Tofus</u>, <u>Tophus</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>kind of sandstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*pha"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tophaceus</i>,
<i>tofaceus</i>.] <def>Gritty; sandy; rough; stony.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"-ham`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
upper rigging, spars, etc., of a ship.</def> [Written also <i>top
hamper</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All the ships of the fleet . . . were so encumbered with
<i>tophamper</i>, so overweighted in proportion to their draught of water,
that they could bear but little canvas, even with smooth seas and light and
favorable winds.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"-heav`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the top or
upper part too heavy for the lower part.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"phet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>t&omacr;phet</i>,
literally, a place to be spit upon, an abominable place, fr.
<i>t&umacr;ph</i> to spit out.] <def>A place lying east or southeast of
Jerusalem, in the valley of Hinnom.</def> [Written also
<i>Topheth</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And he defiled <i>Topheth</i>, which is in the valley of the
children of Hinnom.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings xxiii. 10.</i></p>

<p>&fist; It seems to have been at first part of the royal garden, but it
was afterwards defiled and polluted by the sacrifices of Baal and the fires
of Moloch, and resounded with the cries of burning infants. At a later
period, its altars and high places were thrown down, and all the filth of
the city poured into it, until it became the abhorrence of Jerusalem, and,
in symbol, the place where are wailing and gnashing of teeth.</p>

<p><blockquote>The pleasant valley of Hinnom, <i>Tophet</i> thence<BR>
And black Gehenna called, the type of hell.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toph"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Toph</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1519 !></p>

<p><hw>To"phus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tophi</b></plw> (#).  [NL.: cf. F. <i>tophus</i> a mineral
concretion in the joint. See <u>Toph</u>.] [Written also <i>tofus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>One of the mineral concretions about
the joints, and in other situations, occurring chiefly in gouty persons.
They consist usually of urate of sodium; when occurring in the internal
organs they are also composed of phosphate of calcium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Calcareous tufa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top`i*a"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Toplary</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the ornamental cutting and trimming of trees,
hedges, etc.; practicing ornamental gardening.</def> [R.] "The
<i>topiarian</i> artist."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the pedantries of the <i>topiarian</i> art.</blockquote>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"i*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>topiarius</i>
belonging to ornamental gardening, fr. <i>topia</i> (sc. <i>opera</i>)
ornamental gardening, fr. Gr. &?; a place.] <def>Of or pertaining to
ornamental gardening; produced by cutting, trimming, etc.;
topiarian.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Topiary work</b></col>, <cd>arbors, shrubbery, hedges, or the
like, cut and trimmed into fanciful forms, as of animals, buildings,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Top"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>topiques</i>, pl., L.
<i>topica</i> the title of a work of Aristotle, Gr. <grk>topika`</grk>, fr.
<grk>topiko`s</grk> of or for place, concerning <grk>to`poi</grk>, or
commonplaces, fr. <grk>to`pos</grk> a place.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of the various general forms of argument employed in probable as
distinguished from demonstrative reasoning, -- denominated by Aristotle
<grk>to`poi</grk> (literally, places), as being the places or sources from
which arguments may be derived, or to which they may be referred; also, a
prepared form of argument, applicable to a great variety of cases, with a
supply of which the ancient rhetoricians and orators provided themselves; a
commonplace of argument or oratory.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<def>A treatise on forms of argument; a system or scheme of forms or
commonplaces of argument or oratory; as, the <i>Topics</i> of
Aristotle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>topics</i>, or loci, were no other than general
ideas applicable to a great many different subjects, which the orator was
directed to consult.</blockquote> <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In this question by [reason] I do not mean a distinct
<i>topic</i>, but a transcendent that runs through all
<i>topics</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An argument or reason.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Contumacious persons, who are not to be fixed by any
principles, whom no <i>topics</i> can work upon.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The subject of any distinct portion of a
discourse, or argument, or literary composition; also, the general or main
subject of the whole; a matter treated of; a subject, as of conversation or
of thought; a matter; a point; a head.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An external local application or
remedy, as a plaster, a blister, etc.</def> [Obsoles.]  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Topical.</def>  <i>Drayton.
Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>topique</i>, LL.
<i>topicus</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Topic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a place; limited; logical
application; as, a <i>topical</i> remedy; a <i>topical</i> claim or
privilege.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet. &amp; logic)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
consisting of, a topic or topics; according to topics.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a topic, or general maxim; hence, not
demonstrative, but merely probable, as an argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Evidences of fact can be no more than <i>topical</i> and
probable.</blockquote>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a topical manner;
with application to, or limitation of, a particular place or
topic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"knot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
crest or knot of feathers upon the head or top, as of a bird; also, an
orgamental knot worn on top of the head, as by women.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A great, stout servant girl, with cheeks as red as her
<i>topknot</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small Europen flounder
(<i>Rhoumbus punctatus</i>). The name is also applied to allied
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no top, or no visble
fop; hence, fig.: very lofty; supreme; unequaled.</def> " The
<i>topless</i> Apennines."  "<i>Topless</i> fortunes."  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"-light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
lantern or light on the top of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Topmem</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Topsman</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A man stationed in the
top.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"mast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
second mast, or that which is next above the lower mast, and below the
topgallant mast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Highest; uppermost;
as, the <i>topmost</i> cliff; the <i>topmost</i> branch of a
tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nightngale may claim the <i>topmost</i>
bough.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>To*pog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>topographe</i>, Cr. &?; .] <def>One who is skilled in the science of
topography; one who describes a particular place, town, city, or tract of
land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dante is the one authorized <i>topographer</i> of the
medi&aelig;val hell.</blockquote> <i>Milman.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Top`o*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<hw>Top`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }[Cf. F. <i>topographique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to topography; descriptive of a place.</def> --
<wf>Top`o*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Topographical map</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cadastral</u>. --
Topographical surveying. See under <u>Surveying</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>To*pog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
topographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*pog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>topographie</i>,
Gr. &?;; &?; a place + &?; to write.] <def>The description of a particular
place, town, manor, parish, or tract of land; especially, the exact and
scientific delineation and description in minute detail of any place or
region.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Topography</i>, as the description of particular places, is
distinguished from <i>chorography</i>, the description of a region or a
district, and for <i>geography</i>, the description of the earth or of
countries.  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>To*pol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; place + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>The art of, or method for, assisting the memory by
associating the thing or subject to be remembered with some place.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>To*pon"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; place + &?; to
distribute.] <def>The designation of position and direction.</def>  <i>B.
G. Wilder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small wig for the
top of the head; a toupee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rising above; surpassing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, assuming superiority; proud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great and flourishing condition of some of the
<i>topping</i> sinners of the world.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fine; gallant.</def> [Slang]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"ping</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of one who tops; the act of cutting off the top.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The act of raising one extremity
of a spar higher than the other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>That which comes from hemp in the
process of hatcheling.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Topping lift</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a large, strong
tackle employed to raise or top the end of a gaff, or of a boom.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Top"ping*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a topping or proud
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"ping*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Topping</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 3.</def> [Obs.]  "<i>Topping</i> quests."
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Toppled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Toppling</u>.] [From <u>Top</u> summit.] <def>To fall forward; to pitch
or tumble down.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though castles <i>topple</i> on their warders'
heads.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw down; to
overturn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>topple</i> crags from the precipice.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"-proud`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Proud to the highest
degree.</def> [R.] "This <i>top-proud</i> fellow."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"-rope`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope
used for hoisting and lowering a topmast, and for other purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"sail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>In a
square-rigged vessel, the sail next above the lowermost sail on a mast.
This sail is the one most frequently reefed or furled in working the ship.
In a fore-and-aft rigged vessel, the sail set upon and above the gaff. See
<u>Cutter</u>, <u>Schooner</u>, <u>Sail</u>, and <u>Ship</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Topsail schooner</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Schooner</u>, and <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tops"-and-bot`toms</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Small
rolls of dough, baked, cut in halves, and then browned in an oven, -- used
as food for infants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is said that her <i>top-and-bottoms</i> were
gilt.</blockquote> <i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the shape of
a top; <i>(Bot.)</i> cone-shaped, with the apex downward;
turbinate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of marine top-shaped shells of the genus
<i>Trochus</i>, or family <i>Trochid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tops"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Topsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The chief drover
of those who drive a herd of cattle.</def>  <i>P. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The uppermost sawyer in a saw pit; a
topman.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"soil`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The upper layer of
soil; surface soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"soil`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>The act
or art of taking off the top soil of land before an excavation or
embankment is begun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stone that is
placed on the top, or which forms the top.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"sy-tur"vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Earlier <i>topside-
turvey</i>, <i>topsy-tervy</i>; probably for <i>top so turvy</i>; that is,
the top as turvy, as it were turvy; where <i>turvy</i> probably means,
overturned, fr. <u>AS</u>. <i>torfian</i> to throw.] <def>In an inverted
posture; with the top or head downward; upside down; as, to turn a carriage
<i>topsy-turvy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"-tac`kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
tackle used in hoisting and lowering the topmast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"-tim`bers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
highest timbers on the side of a vessel, being those above the
futtocks.</def>  <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top"-tool`</hw> (-t&oomac;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Blacksmithing.)</i> <def>A tool applied to the top of the work, in
distinction from a tool inserted in the anvil and on which the work is
placed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toque</hw> (t&omacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>toque</i>; of
Celtic origin; cf. W. <i>toc</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cap
worn in the 16th century, and copied in modern fashions; -- called also
<i>toquet</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His velvet <i>toque</i> stuck as airily as ever upon the
side of his head.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of the bonnet
monkey.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*quet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Toque</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>torr</i>; cf. Gael.
<i>torr</i>.  Cf. <u>Tower</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tower; a turret.</def> [R.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>High-pointed hill; a rocky pinnacle.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A rolling range of dreary moors, unbroken by <i>tor</i> or
tree.</blockquote> <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>To*race"</hw> (?), <hw>To*rase"</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>to-</i> + <u>OE</u>. <i>r&?;sen</i> to rage.] <def>To scratch to
pieces.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"bern*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after
<i>Torber</i> Bergmann, a Swedish chemist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral
occurring in emerald-green tabular crystals having a micaceous structure.
It is a hydrous phosphate of uranium and copper. Called also <i>copper
uranite</i>, and <i>chalcolite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torc</hw> (t&ocirc;rk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Torque</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torch</hw> (t&ocirc;rch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>torche</i>,
F. <i>torche</i> a torch, rag, wisp, pad; probably from a derivative of L.
<i>torquere</i>, <i>tortum</i>, to twist, because twisted like a rope; cf.
F. <i>torcher</i> to rub, wipe, It. <i>topcia</i> a torch, <i>torciare</i>
to wrap, twist, OF. <i>torse</i> a torse.  Cf. <u>Torture</u>.] <def>A
light or luminary formed of some combustible substance, as of resinous
wood; a large candle or flambeau, or a lamp giving a large, flaring
flame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They light the nuptial <i>torch</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Torch thistle</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Thistle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Torch"bear`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose office
it is to carry a torch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gives light
with a torch, or as if with a torch.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Torch"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The light of a
torch, or of torches.  Also adjectively; as, a <i>torchlight</i>
procession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"chon lace`</hw> (?). [F. <i>torchon</i> a kind of coarse
napkin.] <def>a simple thread lace worked upon a pillow with coarse thread;
also, a similar lace made by machinery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torch"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
inflammable wood of certain trees (<i>Amyris balsamifera</i>, <i>A.
Floridana</i>, etc.); also, the trees themselves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torch"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
common mullein, the stalks of which, dipped in suet, anciently served for
torches. Called also <i>torch</i>, and <i>hig-taper</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tore</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Tear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from the root of
<i>tear</i>; cf. W. <i>t&oacute;r</i> a break, cut, <i>t&oacute;ri</i> to
break, cut.] <def>The dead grass that remains on mowing land in winter and
spring.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Torus</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Torus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The surface
described by the circumference of a circle revolving about a straight line
in its own plane.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The solid inclosed by such
a surface; -- sometimes called an <i>anchor ring</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"re*a*dor`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.,fr. <i>torear</i>
to fight bulls, fr.L. <i>taurus</i> a bull.] <def>A bullfighter.</def></p>

<p><hw>To-rend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>To-rent</u>.] [Pref. <i>to-</i> + <i>rend</i>.] <def>To
rend in pieces.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The wolf hath many a sheep and lamb <i>to-
rent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably dim. fr.
<i>tore</i>, <i>torus</i>.] <def>A Turret.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tor"et</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ring for fastening a hawk's
leash to the jesses; also, a ring affixed to the collar of a dog,
etc.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"reu`ma*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
embossed work, work in relief (from &?; to bore through, to work in relief)
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>A description of sculpture such as bas-relief in
metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*reu`ma*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; embossed
work + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The art or the description of scupture such as
bas-relief in metal; toreumatography.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*reu"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; belonging to work
in relief.] <i>(Sculp.)</i> <def>In relief; pertaining to sculpture in
relief, especially of metal; also, pertaining to chasing such as surface
ornamentation in metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"goch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The saibling.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||To*ril"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp. <i>torillo</i> a
little bull.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A species of Turnix (<i>Turnix
sylvatica</i>) native of Spain and Northen Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>To`rin*ese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <def>Of or
pertaining to Turin.</def> -- <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>A
native or inhabitant of Turin; collectively, the people of Turin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>torment</i>, F.
<i>tourment</i>, fr. L. <i>tormentum</i> an engine for hurling missiles, an
instrument of torture, a rack, torture, fr. <i>torquere</i> to turn, to
twist, hurl. See <u>Turture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. Antiq.)</i>
<def>An engine for casting stones.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extreme pain; anguish; torture; the utmost
degree of misery, either of body or mind.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The more I see<BR>
Pleasures about me, so much more I feel<BR>
<i>Torment</i> within me.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which gives pain, vexation, or
misery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They brought unto him all sick people that were taken with
divers diseases and <i>torments</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. iv. 24.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor*ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>tormented</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>tormenting</u>.] [OF. <i>tormenter</i>, F. <i>tourmenter</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put to extreme pain or anguish; to inflict
excruciating misery upon, either of body or mind; to torture.</def> " Art
thou come hither to <i>torment</i> us before our time? "  <i>Matt. viii.
29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pain; to distress; to afflict.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord, my servant lieth at home sick of the palsy, grievously
<i>tormented</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. viii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To tease; to vex; to harass; as, to be
<i>tormented</i> with importunities, or with petty annoyances.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put into great agitation.</def> [R.] "[They],
soaring on main wing, <i>tormented</i> all the air."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor*ment"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, torments; a tormentor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An executioner.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor*ment"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of torment;
causing, or accompanied by, torment; excruciating.</def> [R.]
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"men*til</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tormentille</i>;
cf. Pr., It., &amp; NL. <i>tormentilla</i>, Sp. <i>tormentila</i>; all fr. L.
<i>tormentum</i> pain. So called because it is said to allay pain. See
<u>Torment</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A rosaceous herb (<i>Potentilla
Tormentilla</i>), the root of which is used as a powerful astringent, and
for alleviating gripes, or tormina, in diarrhea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor*ment"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing torment;
as, a <i>tormenting</i> dream.</def> -- <wf>Tor*ment"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tor"ment*ise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Torment</u>.]
<def>Torture; torment.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor*ment"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, torments; one who inflicts penal anguish or
tortures.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thoughts, my <i>tormentors</i>, armed with deadly
stings.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>An implement for reducing a
stiff soil, resembling a harrow, but running upon wheels.</def>
<i>Hebert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor*ment"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
torments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fortune ordinarily cometh after to whip and punish them, as
the scourge and <i>tormentress</i> of glory and honor.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"ment*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything producing
torment, annoyance, or pain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1520 !></p>

<p><hw>||Tor"mi*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., a griping in the
belly.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>acute, colicky pains; gripes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"mi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Affected with tormina; griping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torn</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Tear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor*na"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tornadoes</b></plw> (#). [From Sp. or Pg. <i>tornar</i> to turn,
return, L. <i>tornare</i> to turn, hence, a whirling wind. The Sp. &amp; Pg.
<i>tornada</i> is a return. See <u>Turn</u>.] <def>A violent whirling wind;
specifically <i>(Meteorol.)</i>, a tempest distinguished by a rapid
whirling and slow progressive motion, usually accompaned with severe
thunder, lightning, and torrents of rain, and commonly of short duration
and small breadth; a small cyclone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tor*na"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tornari&aelig;</b></plw>  (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>tornare</i> to
turn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The peculiar free swimming larva of
Balanoglossus. See <i>Illust.</i> in Append.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*rose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>torosus</i> full of
muscle, brawny, fleshy. See <u>Torus</u>.] <def>Cylindrical with alternate
swellings and contractions; having the surface covered with rounded
prominences.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*ros"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being torose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Torose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor*ped"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a torpedo; resembling a torpedo; exerting a benumbing influence;
stupefying; dull; torpid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fishy were his eyes; <i>torpedinous</i> was his
manner.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor*pe"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Torpedoes</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>torpedo</i>, <i>-inis</i>, from
<i>torpere</i> to be stiff, numb, or torpid. See <u>Torpid</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of elasmobranch fishes belonging to <i>Torpedo</i> and allied genera. They
are related to the rays, but have the power of giving electrical shocks.
Called also <i>crampfish</i>, and <i>numbfish</i>. See <i>Electrical
fish</i>, under <u>Electrical</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common European torpedo (<i>T. vulgaris</i>) and the American
species (<i>T. occidentalis</i>) are the best known.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An engine or machine for destroying ships by
blowing them up.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A quantity of explosives anchored in a channel,
beneath the water, or set adrift in a current, and so arranged that they
will be exploded when touched by a vessel, or when an electric circuit is
closed by an operator on shore.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind of small submarine boat carrying an
explosive charge, and projected from a ship against another ship at a
distance, or made self-propelling, and otherwise automatic in its action
against a distant ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A kind of shell or cartridge
buried in earth, to be exploded by electricity or by stepping on
it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A kind of detonating cartridge
or shell placed on a rail, and exploded when crushed under the locomotive
wheels, -- used as an alarm signal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An explosive cartridge or shell lowered or
dropped into a bored oil well, and there exploded, to clear the well of
obstructions or to open communication with a source of supply of
oil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A kind of firework in the form of a small ball,
or pellet, which explodes when thrown upon a hard object.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fish torpedo</b></col>, <cd>a spindle-shaped, or fish-shaped,
self-propelling submarine torpedo.</cd> -- <col><b>Spar torpedo</b></col>,
<cd>a canister or other vessel containing an explosive charge, and attached
to the end of a long spar which projects from a ship or boat and is thrust
against an enemy's ship, exploding the torpedo.</cd> -- <col><b>Torpedo
boat</b></col>, <cd>a vessel adapted for carrying, launching, operating, or
otherwise making use of, torpedoes against an enemy's ship.</cd> --
<col><b>Torpedo nettings</b></col>, <cd>nettings made of chains or bars,
which can be suspended around a vessel and allowed to sink beneath the
surface of the water, as a protection against torpedoes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tor*pe"do</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>to destroy by, or
subject to the action of, a torpedo.</def>  <i>London Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"pent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>torpens</i>, p. pr.
of <i>torpere</i> to be numb.] <def>Having no motion or activity; incapable
of motion; benumbed; torpid.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor*pes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state or being torpescent; torpidness; numbness; stupidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor*pes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>torpescens</i>,
p. pr. of <i>torpescere</i> to grow stiff, numb, or torpid, incho. fr.
<i>torpere</i>. See <u>Torpid</u>.] <def>Becoming torpid or numb.</def>
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"pid</hw> (t&ocirc;r"p&ibreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>torpidus</i>, fr. <i>torpere</i> to be stiff, numb, or torpid; of
uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having lost motion, or the power
of exertion and feeling; numb; benumbed; as, a <i>torpid</i>
limb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without heat all things would be <i>torpid</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dull; stupid; sluggish; inactive.</def>  <i>Sir
M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor*pid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Torpidness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"pid*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a torpid
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"pid*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The qualityy or state
of being torpid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"pi*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Torpified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Torpifying</u>. (&?;).] [L. <i>torpere</i> to be torpid + <i>-fy</i>.]
<def>To make torpid; to numb, or benumb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"pi*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Torpidness.</def>
[Obs.] "In a kind of <i>torpitude</i>, or sleeping state."
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"por</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from <i>torpere</i>, to
be torpid.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Loss of motion, or of the motion; a state of
inactivity with partial or total insensibility; numbness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dullness; sluggishness; inactivity; as, a
<i>torpor</i> of the mental faculties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor`por*if"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>torpor</i>
torpor + <i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Tending to produce torpor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"quate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>torquatus</i>
wearing a collar.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Collared; having a torques, or
distinct colored ring around the neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>tor"qua*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Torqyatus</i>.]
<def>Having or wearing a torque, or neck chain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>torques</i> a twisted
neck chain, fr. <i>torquere</i> to twist.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A collar
or neck chain, usually twisted, especially as worn by ancient barbaric
nations, as the Gauls, Germans, and Britons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [L. <i>torquere</i> to twist.] <i>(Mech.)</i>
<def>That which tends to produce torsion; a couple of forces.</def>  <i>J.
Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Phys. Science)</i> <def>A turning or twisting;
tendency to turn, or cause to turn, about an axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torqued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>torquere</i> to twist,
to turn, to wind.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wreathed; twisted.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Twisted; bent; -- said of a
dolphin haurient, which forms a figure like the letter S.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tor"ques</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a necklace. See
<u>Torque</u>, 1.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cervical ring of hair or
feathers, distinguished by its color or structure; a collar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor`re*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>torrefacere</i>,<i>torrefactum</i>, to torrefy: cf. F.
<i>torr</i>&eacute;<i>faction</i>. See <u>Torrefy</u>.] <def>The act or
process of torrefying, or the state of being torrefied.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"re*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Torrefied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Torrefying</u>.] [L. <i>torrere</i> to parch + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F.
<i>torr</i>&eacute;<i>fier</i>, L. <i>torrefacere</i>.] [Written also
<i>torrify</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To dry by a fire.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To subject to scorching heat, so
as to drive off volatile ingredients; to roast, as ores.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>To dry or parch, as drugs, on a
metallic plate till they are friable, or are reduced to the state
desired.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>torrens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, fr. <i>torrens</i> burning, roaring, boiling, p. pr. of
<i>torrere</i> to dry by heat, to burn. See <u>Torrid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A violent stream, as of water, lava, or the like; a
stream suddenly raised and running rapidly, as down a precipice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The roaring <i>torrent</i> is deep and wide.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A violent or rapid flow; a strong current;
a flood; as, a <i>torrent</i> of vices; a <i>torrent</i> of
eloquence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At length, Erasmus, that great injured name, . . .<BR>
Stemmed the wild <i>torrent</i> of a barbarous age.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"rent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Torrent</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Rolling or rushing in a rapid stream.</def>
"Waves of <i>torrent</i> fire."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tor*ren"tial</hw> (?), <hw>Tor*ren"tine</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a torrent; having the
character of a torrent; caused by a torrent .</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tor`ri*cel"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to <i>Torricelli</i>, an Italian philosopher and mathematician,
who, in 1643, discovered that the rise of a liquid in a tube, as in the
barometer, is due to atmospheric pressure. See <u>Barometer</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Torricellian tube</b></col>, <cd>a glass tube thirty or more
inches in length, open at the lower end and hermetically sealed at the
upper, such as is used in the barometer.</cd> -- <col><b>Torricellian
vacuum</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a vacuum produced by filling with a
fluid, as mercury, a tube hermetically closed at one end, and, after
immersing the other end in a vessel of the same fluid, allowing the
inclosed fluid to descend till it is counterbalanced by the pressure of the
atmosphere, as in the barometer.</cd>  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>torridus</i>, fr.
<i>torrere</i> to parch, to burn, akin to E. <i>Thist</i>: cf. F.
<i>torride</i>. See <u>Thirst</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Parched; dried
with heat; as, a <i>torrid</i> plain or desert.</def> "Barca or Cyrene's
<i>torrid</i> soil."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Violenty hot; drying or scorching with heat;
burning; parching.</def> "<i>Torrid</i> heat."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Torrid zone</b></col> <i>(Geog.)</i>, <cd>that space or board
belt of the earth, included between the tropics, over which the sun is
vertical at some period of every year, and the heat is always
great.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tor*rid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Torridness.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tor"rid*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being torrid or parched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"ril</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A worthless woman; also,
a worthless horse.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"rock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
gull.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tor"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A
torsel.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Torse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF., fr. OF. &amp; F. <i>tors</i>,
<i>torse</i>, twisted, wreathed, p. p. of <i>tordre</i> to twist, L.
<i>torquere</i>. See <u>Torture</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A wreath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [F. <i>tors</i>, <i>torse</i>, twisted.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A developable surface. See under
<u>Developable</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A plate
of timber for the end of a beam or joist to rest on.</def>
<i>Gwilt</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor`si*bil"l*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tendency, as
of a rope, to untwist after being twisted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL. <i>torsio</i>,
fr. L. <i>torquere</i>, <i>tortum</i>, to twist. See <u>Torture</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of turning or twisting, or the state of
being twisted; the twisting or wrenching of a body by the exertion of a
lateral force tending to turn one end or part of it about a longitudinal
axis, while the other is held fast or turned in the opposite
direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>That force with which a thread,
wire, or rod of any material, returns, or tends to return, to a state of
rest after it has been twisted; torsibility.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angle of torsion</b></col><cd> (of a curve) <i>(Geom.)</i>, the
indefinitely small angle between two consecutive osculating planes of a
curve of double curvature.</cd> -- <col><b>Moment of torsion</b></col>
<i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>the moment of a pair of equal and opposite couples which
tend to twist a body.</cd> -- <col><b>Torsion balance</b></col>
<i>(Physics.)</i>, <cd>an instrument for estimating very minute forces, as
electric or magnetic attractions and repulsions, by the torsion of a very
slender wire or fiber having at its lower extremity a horizontal bar or
needle, upon which the forces act.</cd> -- <col><b>Torsion scale</b></col>,
<cd>a scale for weighing in which the fulcra of the levers or beams are
strained wires or strips acting by torsion.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tor"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
torsion; resulting from torsion, or the force with which a thread or wire
returns to a state of rest after having been twisted round its axis; as,
<i>torsional</i> force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torsk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan.; akin to Icel.
<i>&thorn;orskr</i> a codfish, G. <i>dorsch</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The cusk. See <u>Cusk</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The codfish. Called also <i>tusk</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Torsos</b></plw> (#), It. <plw><b>Torsi</b></plw> (#). [It.
<i>torso</i>, probably fr. L. <i>thyrsus</i> a stalk, stem, thyrsus, Gr.
&?;; cf. OHG. <i>torso</i>, <i>turso</i>, a stalk, stem, G. <i>dorsche</i>
a cabbage stalk.  Cf. <u>Thyrsus</u>, <u>Truss</u>.] <def>The human body,
as distinguished from the head and limbs; in sculpture, the trunk of a
statue, mutilated of head and limbs; as, the <i>torso</i> of
Hercules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from LL. <i>tortum</i>, fr.
L. <i>tortus</i> twisted, crooked, p. p. of <i>torqure</i> to twist, bend.
See <u>Torture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mischief; injury;
calamity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That had them long opprest with <i>tort</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Any civil wrong or injury; a
wrongful act (not involving a breach of contract) for which an action will
lie; a form of action, in some parts of the United States, for a wrong or
injury.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Executor de son tort</b></col>.  <cd>See under
<u>Executor</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tort feasor</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
wrongdoer; a trespasser.</cd>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tort</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stretched tight; taut.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yet holds he them with <i>tortest</i>rein.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp. <i>torta</i> a cake.]
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>a flat heap of moist, crushed silver ore, prepared for
the patio process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"teau</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Torteaus</b></plw> (#). [Of. <i>torteau</i>, <i>tortel</i>, from L.
<i>tortus</i> twisted. See <u>Tort</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A roundel of a
red color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor`ti*col"lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>toricolis</i>;
L. <i>torquere</i>, <i>tortum</i>, to twist + <i>collum</i> the neck.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <u>Wryneck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tortilis</i>, fr.
<i>torquere</i>, <i>tortum</i>, to twist: cf. F. <i>tortile</i>.]
<def>Twisted; wreathed; coiled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being tortile, twisted, or wreathed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tor*til"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>An unleavened
cake, as of maize flour, baked on a heated iron or stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>tortio</i>. See
<u>Torsion</u>.] <def>Torment; pain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Tort</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Injurious; wrongful.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Tortious</i>
power."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Imploying tort, or privat injury
for which the law gives damages; involing tort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"tious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>In a
tortous manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tortus</i>, p. p. of
<i>torquere</i> to twist, wind.] <def>Twisted; wreathed.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"toise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tortuce</i>, fr.
OF. <i>tortis</i> crooked, fr. L. <i>tortus</i> isted, crooked, contorted,
p. p. of <i>torquere</i>, <i>tortum</i>, to wind; cf. F. <i>tortue</i>
tortoise, LL. <i>tortuca</i>, <i>tartuca</i>, Pr. <i>tortesa</i>
crookedness, <i>tortis</i> crooked. so called in allusion to its crooked
feet. See <u>Torture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of numerous species of reptiles of the order Testudinata.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is applied especially to the land and fresh-water
species, while the marine species are generally called <i>turtles</i>, but
the terms <i>tortoise</i> and <i>turtle</i> are used synonymously by many
writers. see <u>Testudinata</u>, <u>Terrapin</u>, and <u>Turtle</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Testudo</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Box tortoise</b></col>, <col><b>Land tortoise</b></col>, etc.
<cd>See under <u>Box</u>, <u>Land</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Painted
tortoise</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Painted turtle</i>,
under <u>Painted</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft-shell tortoise</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Trionyx</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spotted
tortoise</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A small American fresh-water
tortoise (<i>Chelopus, or Nanemys, quttatus</i>) having a blackish carapace
on which are scattered round yellow spots.</cd> -- <col><b>Tortoise
beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of
small tortoise-shaped beetles. Many of them have a brilliant metallic
luster. the larv&aelig; feed upon the leaves of various plants, and protect
themselves beneath a mass of dried excrement held over the back by means of
the caudal spines. The golden tortoise beetle (<i>Cassida aurichalcea</i>)
is found on the morning-glory vine and allied plants.</cd> --
<col><b>Tortoise plant</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Elephant's
foot</i>, under <u>Elephant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tortoise shell</b></col>,
<cd>the substance of the shell or horny plates of several species of sea
turtles, especially of the hawkbill turtle. It is used in inlaying and in
the manufacture of various ornamental articles.</cd> -- <col><b>Tortoise-
shell butterfly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several
species of handsomely colored butterflies of the genus <i>Aglais</i>, as
<i>A. Milberti</i>, and <i>A. urtic&aelig;</i>, both of which, in the larva
state, feed upon nettles.</cd> -- <col><b>Tortoise-shell turtle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hawkbill turtle. See <u>Hawkbill</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tor"tri*cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Tortrix</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to Tortix, or the family
<i>Tortricid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tor"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>torquere</i>, <i>tortum</i>, to twist.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of small moths of the
family <i>Tortricid&aelig;</i>, the larv&aelig; of which usually roll up
the leaves of plants on which they live; -- also called <i>leaf
roller</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of tropical short-
tailed snakes, which are not venomous. One species (<i>Tortrix
scytal</i>&aelig;) is handsomely banded with black, and is sometimes worn
alive by the natives of Brazil for a necklace.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1521 !></p>

<p><hw>Tor"tu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>
<def>Swelled out at intervals like a knotted cord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"tu*ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See Tortuous.]
<def>Wreathed; twisted; winding.</def>  <i>Loudon</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor`tu*os"l*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tortuositas</i>: cf. F. <i>tortuosite</i>.] <def>the quality or state of
being tortuous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"tu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tortuos</i>, L.
<i>tortuosus</i>, fr. <i>tortus</i> a twisting, winding, fr.
<i>torquere</i>, <i>tortum</i>, to twist: cf. F. <i>tortueux</i>. See
Torture.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Bent in different directions; wreathed;
twisted; winding; as, a <i>tortuous train</i>; a <i>tortuous</i> train; a
<i>tortuous</i> leaf or corolla.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The badger made his dark and <i>tortuous</i> hole on the
side of every hill where the copsewood grew thick.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Deviating from rectitude; indirect;
erroneous; deceitful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That course became somewhat less<i>tortuous</i>, when the
battle of the Boyne had cowed the spirit of the Jakobites.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Injurious: tortious.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>Oblique; -- applied to the six
signs of the zodiac (from Capricorn to Gemini) which ascend most rapidly
and obliquely.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skeat.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Infortunate ascendent <i>tortuous</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>--<wf>Tor"tu*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tor"tu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tor"tur*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
tortured.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,fr.L. <i>tortura</i>,
fr. <i>torquere</i>, <i>tortum</i>, to twist, rack, torture; probably akin
to Gr. <grk>tre`pein</grk> to turn, G. <i>drechsein</i> to turn on a lathe,
and perhaps to E. <i>queer</i>.  Cf. <u>Contort</u>, <u>Distort</u>,
<u>Extort</u>, <u>Retort</u>, <u>Tart</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Torch</u>, <u>Torment</u>, <u>Tortion</u>, <u>Tort</u>, <u>Trope.</u>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extreme pain; anguish of body or mind; pang; agony;
torment; as, <i>torture</i> of mind.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ghastly spasm or racking <i>torture</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, severe pain inflicted judicially,
either as punishment for a crime, or for the purpose of extorting a
confession from an accused person, as by water or fire, by the boot or
thumbkin, or by the rack or wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of torturing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Torture</i>, whitch had always been deciared illegal, and
which had recently been declared illegal even by the servile judges of that
age, was inflicted for the last time in England in the month of May,
1640.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tortured</u> (&?;; 135); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Torturing.</u>] [Cf. F. <i>Torturer</i>. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
put to torture; to pain extremely; to harass; to vex.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To punish with torture; to put to the rack; as,
to <i>torture</i> an accused person.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wrest from the proper meaning; to
distort.</def>  <i>Jar. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To keep on the stretch, as a bow.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The bow <i>tortureth</i> the string.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"tur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tortures; a
tormentor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"tur*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
torture.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"tur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Involving, or
pertaining to, torture.</def> [R.] "<i>The torturous crucifixion</i>."
<i>I. Disraeli.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tor"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Torul&aelig;</b></plw> (&?;) [NL., dim. of L. <i>torus</i> a
semicircular molding.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A chain of
special bacteria. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A genus of budding fungi. Same as
<u>Saccharomyces.</u> Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"u*la*form`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Having the appearance of a torula; in the form of a little chain; as,
a <i>torulaform</i> string of micrococci.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"u*lose</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>torulus</i>, dim.
of <i>torus</i>: cf. F. <i>toruleux</i>. See <u>Torus</u>] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Torose.</u></def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Torose.</u></def></p>

<p><hw>||To"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tori</b></plw> (#). [L., a round, swelling, or bulging place, an
elevation.  Cf. 3d <u>Tore</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A lage molding used in the bases
of columns.  Its profile is semicircular. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Molding.</u></def>  <i>Brande&C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the ventral parapodia
of tubicolous annelids. It usually has the form of an oblong thickening or
elevation of the integument with rows of uncini or hooks along the center.
See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Tubicol&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The receptacle, or part of the
flower on which the carpels stand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>See 3d <u>Tore</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torved</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stern; grim. See
<u>Torvous.</u></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But yesterday his breath<BR>
Awed Rome, and his least <i>torved</i> frown was death.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster (1654).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"vi*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>torvitas</i>. See
<u>Torvous</u>.] <def>Sourness or severity of countenance; sterness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tor"vous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>torvus</i>. ]
<def>Sour of aspect; of a severe countenance; stern; grim.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>torvous</i>, sour look produced by
anger.</blockquote> <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tories</b></plw> (#). [ Properly used of the Irish bogtrotters who
robbed and plundered during the English civil wars, professing to be in
sympathy with the royal cause; hence transferred to those who sought to
maintain the extreme prerogatives of the crown; probably from Ir.
<i>toiridhe</i>, <i>tor</i>, a pursuer; akin to Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>toir</i> a
pursuit.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng.Politics)</i> <def>A member of the
conservative party, as opposed to the progressive party which was formerly
called the Whig, and is now called the Liberal, party; an earnest supporter
of exsisting royal and ecclesiastical authority.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word <i>Tory</i> first occurs in English history in 1679,
during the struggle in Parliament occasioned by the introduction of the
bill for the exclusion of the duke of York from the line of succession, and
was applied by the advocates of the bill to its opponents as a title of
obloquy or contempt. The Tories subsequently took a broader ground, and
their leading principle became the maintenance of things as they were. The
name, however, has for several years ceased to designate an existing party,
but is rather applied to certain traditional maxims of public policy. The
political successors of the Tories are now commonly known as
<i>Conservatives</i>.  <i>New Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Amer. Hist.)</i> <def>One who, in the time of the
Revolution, favored submitting tothe claims of Great Britain against the
colonies; an adherent tothe crown.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of ro pertaining to the
Tories.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"ry*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The principles of the
Tories.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*scat"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>to-</i> +
<i>scatter</i>.] <def>To scatter in pieces; to divide.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tose</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [ See <u>Touse</u> ] <def>To
tease, or comb, as wool.</def> [Obs.or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tosh</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>tonce shorn</i>,
<i>clipped</i>, and E. <i>tonsure</i>.] <def>Neat; trim.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Jomieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>To*shred"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>to-</i> +
<i>shred</i>. ] <def>To cut into shreads or pieces.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toss</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tossed</u>  (&?;); (less properly <u>Tost</u> ); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tossing</u>.] [ W. <i>tosiaw</i>, <i>tosio</i>,
to jerk, toss, snatch, <i>tos</i>a quick jerk, a toss, a snatch. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw with the hand; especially, to throw with
the palm of the hand upward, or to throw upward; as, to <i>toss</i> a
ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lift or throw up with a sudden or violent
motion; as, to <i>toss</i> the head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>tossed</i> his arm aloft, and proudly told me,<BR>
He would not stay.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to rise and fall; as, a ship
<i>tossed</i> on the waves in a storm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We being exceedingly <i>tossed</i> with a
tempeat.</blockquote> <i>Act xxvii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To agitate; to make restless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Calm region once,<BR>
And full of peace, now <i>tossed</i> and turbulent.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to try; to harass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom devils fly, thus is he <i>tossed</i> of
men.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To keep in play; to tumble over; as, to spend
four years in <i>tossing</i> the rules of grammar.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To toss off</b></col>, <cd>to drink hastily.</cd> -- <col><b>To
toss the cars</b></col>.<cd>See under Oar, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Toss</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To roll
and tumble; to be in violent commotion; to write; to fling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To toss and fling, and to be restless, only frets and
enreges our pain.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be tossed, as a fleet on the ocean.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To toss for</b></col>, <cd>to throw dice or a coin to determine
the possession of; to gamble for.</cd> -- <col><b>To toss up</b></col>,
<cd>to throw a coin into the air, and wager on which side it will fall, or
determine a question by its fall.</cd> <i>Bramsion.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A throwing
upward, or with a jerk; the act of tossing; as, the <i>toss</i> of a
ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A throwing up of the head; a particular manner
of raising the head with a jerk.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tos"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tassel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toss"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ohe who tosser.</def>
<i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toss"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tossy
manner.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Toss"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of throwing upward; a rising and falling suddenly; a rolling and
tumbling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A process
which consists in washing ores by violent agitation in water, in order to
separate the lighter or earhy particles; -- called also <i>tozing</i>, and
<i>treloobing</i>, in Cornwall.</def> <i>Pryce.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A process for refining tin by dropping it through the air while
melted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toss"pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A toper; one
habitually given to strong drink; a drunkard.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toss"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tossing the head, as in
scorn or pride; hence, proud; contemptuous; scornful; affectedly
indifferent; as, a <i>tossy</i> commonplace.</def> [R.]  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tost</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
Toss.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tos"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Quick; rapid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Pui tosto</b></col> (&?;) [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>faster;
more rapid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>To*swink"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>to-</i> +
<i>swink</i>.] <def>To labor excessively.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Toddle</u>,
<u>Tottle</u>, <u>Totter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything small; --
frequently applied as a term of endearment to a little child.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A drinking cup of small size, holding about half
a pint.</def> [Prov.Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A foolish fellow.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name in
Egypt.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The grivet.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL. <i>totalis</i>,
fr. L. <i>tolus</i> all,whole.  Cf. <u>Factotum</u>, <u>Surtout</u>,
<u>Teetotum</u>.] <def>Whole; not divided; entire; full; complete;
absolute; as, a <i>total</i> departure from the evidence; a <i>total</i>
loss.</def> " <i>Total</i> darkness."  "To undergo myself the <i>total</i>
crime."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Total abstinence</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Abstinence</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Total depravity</b></col>.
<i>(Theol.)</i> <cd>See <i>Original sin</i>, under
<u>Original</u>.</cd></p>

<p>Whole; entire; complete. See <u>Whole</u>.</p>

<p><hw>To"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The whole; the whole sum or
amount; as, these sums added make the grand <i>total</i> of five
millions.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>totalite</i>,
LL. <i>totalitas</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being total; as, the <i>totality</i> of an eclipse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The whole sum; the whole quantity or amount; the
entirety; as, the <i>totality</i>of human knowledge.</def>
<i>Buckle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>totality</i> of a sentence or passage.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"tal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make total, or
complete;to reduce to completeness.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a total manner;
wholly; entirely.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"tal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being total; entireness; totality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tote</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Toted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Toting</u>.] [Said to be of African origin.] <def>To carry or bear; as,
to <i>tote</i> a child over a stream; -- a colloquial word of the Southern
States, and used esp. by negroes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tote</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>totum</i>, fr. <i>totus</i>
all, whole.] <def>The entire body, or all; as, the whole <i>tote</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>To*tear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>to-</i> +
<i>tear</i>. ] <def>To tear or rend in pieces.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"tem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Massachusetts Indian
<i>wutohtimoin</i> that to which a person or place belongs.] <def>A rude
picture, as of a bird, beast, or the like, used by the North American
Indians as a symbolic designation, as of a family or a clan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And they painted on the grave posts<BR>
Of the graves, yet unforgotten,<BR>
Each his own ancestral <i>totem</i><BR>
Each the symbol of his household;<BR>
Figures of the bear and reindeer,<BR>
Of the turtle, crane, and beaver.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>totem</i>,the clan deity, the beast or bird who in
some supernatural way attends to the clan and watches over it.</blockquote>
<i>Bagehot.</i></p>

<p><hw>To*tem"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
totem, or totemism.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"tem*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The system of distinguishing families, clans, etc., in a tribe by the
totem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Superstitious regard for a totem; the worship of
any real or imaginary object; nature worship.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"tem*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One belonging to a clan
or tribe having a totem.</def> -- <wf>To`tem*is"tic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tot"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tote</u> to carry.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The stone roller. See <i>Stone roller</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under <u>Stone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>T'oth"er</hw> (?). <def>A colloquial contraction of <i>the
other</i>, and formerly a contraction for <i>that other</i>. See the Note
under <u>That</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tothir</i> that was crucifield with him.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif(John xix. 32)</i></p>

<p><hw>To`ti*pal"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>totus</i> all,
whole + E. <i>palmate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having all four toes
united by a web; -- said of certain sea birds, as the pelican and the
gannet. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Aves</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||To`ti*pal"mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,from L.
<i>totus</i> all, whole + <i>palmus</i> palm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of swimming birds including those that have totipalmate
feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>To`ti*pres"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>totus</i> all,
whole + E. <i>presence</i>.] <def>Omnipresence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>A.
Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>To`ti*pres"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>totus</i> all,
whole + E. <i>present</i>.] <def>Omnipresent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>A.
Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tot"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tottered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tottering</u>.] [Probably for older <i>tolter</i>; cf. AS.
<i>tealtrian</i> to totter, vacillate.  Cf.<u>Tilt</u> to incline,
<u>Toddle</u>, <u>Tottle</u>, <u>Totty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
shake so as to threaten a fall; to vacillate; to be unsteady; to stagger;
as, an old man <i>totters</i> with age.</def> "As a bowing wall shall ye
be, and as a <i>tottering</i> fence."  <i>Ps. lxii. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shake; to reel; to lean; to waver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Troy nods from high, and <i>totters</i> to her
fall.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tot"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
totters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tot"ter*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tottering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tot"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Trembling or
vaccilating, as if about to fall; unsteady; shaking.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tot"tle</hw> (t&obreve;t"t'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Tottled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tottling</u>.] [See <u>Toddle</u>, <u>Totter</u>.] <def>To walk in a
wavering, unsteady manner; to toddle; to topple.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tot"tlish</hw> (-tl&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Trembling
or tottering, as if about to fall; unsteady.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tot"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>toti</i>.  Cf.
<u>Totter</u>.] <def>Unsteady; dizzy; tottery.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For yet his noule [head] was <i>totty</i> of the
must.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tot"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Totty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My head is <i>toty</i> of my swink to-night.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sailor or fisherman; --
so called in some parts of the Pacific.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tou"can</hw> (t&oomac;"k&abreve;n; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. Pg. <i>tucano</i>; from Brazilian name. ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of fruit-eating birds
of tropical America belonging to <i>Ramphastos</i>, <i>Pteroglossus</i>,
and allied genera of the family <i>Ramphastid&aelig;</i>. They have a very
large, but light and thin, beak, often nearly as long as the body itself.
Most of the species are brilliantly colored with red, yellow, white, and
black in striking contrast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astronom.)</i> <def>A modern constellation of the
southern hemisphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tou"can*et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small toucan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Touch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Touched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Touching</u>.] [F. <i>toucher</i>, OF. <i>touchier</i>, <i>tuchier</i>;
of Teutonic origin; cf. OHG. <i>zucchen</i>, <i>zukken</i>, to twitch,
pluck, draw, G. <i>zukken</i>, <i>zukken</i>, v. intens. fr. OHG.
<i>ziohan</i> to draw, G. <i>ziehen</i>, akin to E. <i>tug</i>. See
<u>Tuck</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Tug</u>, and cf. <u>Tocsin</u>,
<u>Toccata</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come in contact with; to hit or
strike lightly against; to extend the hand, foot, or the like, so as to
reach or rest on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Him thus intent Ithuriel with his spear<BR>
<i>Touched</i> lightly.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perceive by the sense of feeling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing but body can be <i>touched</i> or
<i>touch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Greech.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To come to; to reach; to attain to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The god, vindictive, doomed them never more-<BR>
Ah, men unblessed! -- to <i>touch</i> their natal shore.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To try; to prove, as with a touchstone.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wherein I mean to <i>touch</i> your love
indeed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To relate to; to concern; to affect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The quarrel <i>toucheth</i> none but us alone.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To handle, speak of, or deal with; to treat
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Storial thing that <i>toucheth</i> gentilesse.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To meddle or interfere with; as, I have not
<i>touched</i> the books.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To affect the senses or the sensibility of; to
move; to melt; to soften.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What of sweet before<BR>
Hath <i>touched</i> my sense, flat seems to this and harsh.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tender sire was <i>touched</i> with what he
said.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To mark or delineate with touches; to add a
slight stroke to with the pencil or brush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lines, though <i>touched</i> but faintly, are drawn
right.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To infect; to affect slightly.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>To make an impression on; to have effect
upon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Its face . . . so hard that a file will not <i>touch</i>
it.</blockquote> <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To strike; to manipulate; to play on; as, to
<i>touch</i> an instrument of music.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] <i>touched</i> their golden harps.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>To perform, as a tune; to play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A person is the royal retinue <i>touched</i> a light and
lively air on the flageolet.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>To influence by impulse; to impel
forcibly.</def> " No decree of mine, . . . [to] <i>touch</i> with lightest
moment of impulse his free will,"  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <def>To harm, afflict, or distress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us make a covenant with thee, that thou wilt do us no
hurt, as we have not <i>touched</i> thee.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxvi. 28,
29.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <def>To affect with insanity, especially in a slight
degree; to make partially insane; -- rarely used except in the past
participle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She feared his head was a little
<i>touched</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>To be tangent to. See
<u>Tangent</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <def>To lay a hand upon for curing
disease.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To touch a sail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to bring it so
close to the wind that its weather leech shakes.</cd> -- <col><b>To touch
the wind</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to keep the ship as near the wind as
possible.</cd> -- <col><b>To touch up</b></col>, <cd>to repair; to improve
by touches or emendation.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1522 !></p>

<p><hw>Touch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be in contact; to be in a state of junction, so that no space is between;
as, two spheres <i>touch</i> only at points.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fasten; to take effect; to make
impression.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Strong waters pierce metals, and will <i>touch</i> upon
gold, that will not <i>touch</i> upon silver.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To treat anything in discourse, especially in a
slight or casual manner; -- often with <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the antiquaries have <i>touched</i> upon it, they
immediately<BR>
quitted it.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut)</i> <def>To be brought, as a sail, so close
to the wind that its weather leech shakes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To touch and go</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to touch bottom
lightly and without damage, as a vessel in motion.</cd> -- <col><b>To touch
at</b></col>, <cd>to come or go to, without tarrying; as, the ship
<i>touched at</i> Lisbon.</cd> -- <col><b>To touch on</b></col> or
<col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to come or go to for a short time.</cd>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I made a little voyage round the lake, and <i>touched on</i>
the several towns that lie on its coasts.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Touch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>touche</i>. See
<u>Touch</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
touching, or the state of being touched; contact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>touch</i> affrights me as a serpent's
sting.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The sense by which pressure or
traction exerted on the skin is recognized; the sense by which the
properties of bodies are determined by contact; the tactile sense. See
<i>Tactile sense</i>, under <u>Tactile</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The spider's <i>touch</i>, how exquisitely
fine.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Pure tactile feelings are necessarily rare, since temperature
sensations and muscular sensations are more or less combined with them. The
organs of touch are found chiefly in the epidermis of the skin and certain
underlying nervous structures.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Act or power of exciting emotion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not alone<BR>
The death of Fulvia, with more urgent <i>touches</i>,<BR>
Do strongly speak to us.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>An emotion or affection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A true, natural, and a sensible <i>touch</i> of
mercy.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Personal reference or application.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Speech of <i>touch</i> toward others should be sparingly
used.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A stroke; as, a <i>touch</i> of raillery; a
satiric <i>touch</i>; hence, animadversion; censure; reproof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I never bare any <i>touch</i> of conscience with greater
regret.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A single stroke on a drawing or a
picture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Never give the least <i>touch</i> with your pencil till you
have well examined your design.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Feature; lineament; trait.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of many faces, eyes, and hearts,<BR>
To have the <i>touches</i> dearest prized.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The act of the hand on a musical instrument;
bence, in the plural, musical notes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Soft stillness and the night<BR>
Become the <i>touches</i> of sweet harmony.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A small quantity intermixed; a little; a
dash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eyes La <i>touch</i> of Sir Peter Lely in them.</blockquote>
<i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Madam, I have a <i>touch</i> of your condition.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A hint; a suggestion; slight notice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A small <i>touch</i> will put him in mind of
them.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>A slight and brief essay.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Print my preface in such form as, in the booksellers'
phrase, will make a sixpenny <i>touch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <def>A touchstone; hence, stone of the sort used for
touchstone.</def> [Obs.] " Now do I play the <i>touch</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A neat new monument of <i>touch</i> and
alabaster.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <def>Hence, examination or trial by some decisive
standard; test; proof; tried quality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Equity, the true <i>touch</i> of all laws.</blockquote>
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Friends of noble <i>touch</i> .</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The particular or characteristic
mode of action, or the resistance of the keys of an instrument to the
fingers; as, a heavy <i>touch</i>, or a light <i>touch</i>; also, the
manner of touching, striking, or pressing the keys of a piano; as, a legato
<i>touch</i>; a staccato <i>touch</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>16.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbilding)</i> <def>The broadest part of a
plank worked top and but (see <i>Top and but</i>, under <u>Top</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>), or of one worked anchor-stock fashion (that is,
tapered from the middle to both ends); also, the angles of the stern
timbers at the counters.</def>  <i>J. Knowles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>17.</b></sn> <i>(Football)</i> <def>That part of the field which
is beyond the line of flags on either side.</def>  <i>Encyc. of Rural
Sports.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>18.</b></sn> <def>A boys' game; tag.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In touch</b></col> <i>(Football)</i>, <cd>outside of
bounds.</cd> <i>T. Hughes.</i> -- <col><b>To be in touch</b></col>, <cd>to
be in contact, or in sympathy.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep touch</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be true or punctual to a promise or engagement
[Obs.]; hence, to fulfill duly a function.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>My mind and senses <i>keep touch</i> and time.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To keep in contact; to maintain connection or
sympathy; -- with <i>with</i> or <i>of</i>.</cd> --  <col><b>Touch and
go</b></col>, <cd>a phrase descriptive of a narrow escape.</cd> --
<col><b>True as touch</b></col>  (<i>i. e.</i>, <i>touchstone</i>),
<cd>quite true.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Touch"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
touched; tangible.</def> -- <wf>Touch"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Touch"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(G)</i> <def>The act
of touching the football down by a player behind his own goal line when it
received its last impulse from an opponent; -- distinguished from
<i>safety</i> touchdown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Touch"-box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A box containing
lighted tinder, formerly carried by soldiers who used matchlocks, to kindle
the match.</def></p>

<p><hw>Touch"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Football)</i>
<def>The act of touching the football down behind the opponents' goal
.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Safety touchdown</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Safety</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Touch"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The vent of a cannot
or other firearm, by which fire is communicateed to the powder of the
charge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Touch"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a touchy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Touch"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being touchy peevishness; irritability; irascibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Touch"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affecting; moving;
pathetic; as, a <i>touching</i> tale.</def> -- <wf>Touch"ing*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Touch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Concerning; with
respect to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, as <i>touching</i> things offered unto
idols.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. viii. 1.</i></p>

<p><hw>Touch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The sense or act of
feeling; touch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Touch"-me-not`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>See <u>Impatiens</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Squirting cucumber. See under <u>Cucumber</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Touch"-nee`dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A
small bar of gold and silver, either pure, or alloyed in some known
proportion with copper, for trying the purity of articles of gold or silver
by comparison of the streaks made by the article and the bar on a
touchstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Touch"-pa`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Paper steeped in
saltpeter, which burns slowly, and is used as a match for firing gunpowder,
and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Touch"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Lydian stone; basanite; -- so called because used to
test the purity of gold and silver by the streak which is left upon the
stone when it is rubbed by the metal. See <u>Basanite</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Fig.: <def>Any test or criterion by which the
qualities of a thing are tried.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The foregoing doctrine affords us also a <i>touchstone</i>
for the trial of spirits.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Irish touchstone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>basalt, the stone
which composes the Giant's Causeway.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Touch"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably for
<i>tachwood</i>; OE. <i>tache</i> tinder (of uncertain origin) +
<i>wood</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wood so decayed as to serve for tinder; spunk,
or punk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Dried fungi used as tinder; especially, the
<i>Polyporus igniarius</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Touch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>techy</i>,
<i>tetchy</i>.] <def>Peevish; irritable; irascible; techy; apt to take
fire.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It may be said of Dryden that he was at no time
<i>touchy</i> about personal attacks.</blockquote> <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tough</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Tougher</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Toughest</u>.] [OE.
<i>tough</i>, AS. <i>t&omacr;h</i>, akin to D. <i>taai</i>, LG. <i>taa</i>,
<i>tage</i>, <i>tau</i>, OHG. <i>z&amacr;hi</i>, G.  <i>z&auml;he</i>, and
also to AS. ge<i>tenge</i> near to, close to, oppressive, OS.
bi<i>tengi</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the quality of flexibility
without brittleness; yielding to force without breaking; capable of
resisting great strain; as, the ligaments of animals are remarkably
<i>tough</i>.</def> "<i>Tough</i> roots and stubs. "  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not easily broken; able to endure hardship;
firm; strong; as, <i>tough</i> sinews.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A body made of brass, the crone demands, . . . <BR>
<i>Tough</i> to the last, and with no toil to tire.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The basis of his character was caution combined with
<i>tough</i> tenacity of purpose.</blockquote> <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not easily separated; viscous; clammy;
tenacious; as, <i>tough</i> phlegm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Stiff; rigid; not flexible; stubborn; as, a
<i>tough</i> bow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>tough</i> a frame she could not bend.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Severe; violent; as, a <i>tough</i> storm.</def>
[Colloq.] " A <i>tough</i> debate. "  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make it tough</b></col>, <cd>to make it a matter of
difficulty; to make it a hard matter.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tough"-cake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Tough-
pitch</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tough"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Toughened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Toughening</u>.] <def>To grow or make tough, or tougher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tough"-head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The ruddy duck.</def> [ Local U. S. ]</p>

<p><hw>Tough"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tough in a slight
degree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tough"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tough
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tough"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being tough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tough"-pitch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The exact state or quality of texture and
consistency of well reduced and refined copper.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Copper so reduced; -- called also <i>tough-cake</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tou"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wood warbler.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tou*pee"</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Tou*pet"</hw> (?; 277) } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>toupet</i>, dim. of OF. <i>top</i> a tuft; of
Teutonic origin, and akin to E. <i>top</i>. See <u>Top</u> apex, and cf.
<u>Topet</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little tuft; a curl or artificial lock of
hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small wig, or a toppiece of a wig.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her powdered hair is turned backward over a
<i>toupee</i>.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tou"pet*tit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Topet</u>,
<u>toupee</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The crested titmouse.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tour</i>. See
<u>Tower</u>.] <def>A tower.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tour</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tour</i>. See
<u>Turn</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A going
round; a circuit; hence, a journey in a circuit; a prolonged circuitous
journey; a comprehensive excursion; as, the <i>tour</i> of Europe; the
<i>tour</i> of France or England.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bird of Jove stooped from his airy
<i>tour</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A turn; a revolution; as, the <i>tours</i> of
the heavenly bodies.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>anything done successively, or by
regular order; a turn; as, a <i>tour</i> of duty.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Journey; excursion. See <u>Journey</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Tour</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Toured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Touring</u>.] <def>To make a tourm; as, to <i>tour</i> throught a
country.</def>  <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tou*ra"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Turacou</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tour*bil"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>torbillion</i> a
whirlwind, tourbillion, fr. L. <i>turbo</i>, -<i>inis</i>, a whirl,
whirlwind.] <def>An ornamental firework which turns round, when in the air,
so as to form a scroll of fire.</def>  <i>G. Francis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tour"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes a tour,
or performs a journey in a circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tour"ma*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tourmaline</i>,
cf. It. <i>turmalina</i>, <i>tormalina</i>, NL. <i>turmalina</i>,
<i>turmalinus</i>; all fr. <i>tournamal</i>, a name given to this stone in
Ceylon.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occurring usually in three-sided or
six-sided prisms terminated by rhombohedral or scalenohedral planes. Black
tourmaline (schorl) is the most common variety, but there are also other
varieties, as the blue (indicolite), red (rubellite), also green, brown,
and white. The red and green varieties when transparent are valued as
jewels.</def> [Written also <i>turmaline</i> .]</p>

<p>&fist; Crystals of tourmaline when heated exhibit electric polarity (see
<u>Pyroelectric</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>).  Tourmaline is also used in the
form of a polariscope called <i>tourmaline tongs</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Tourn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Turn</u>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spinning wheel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O.Eng.Law)</i> <def>The sheriff's turn, or
court.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tour"na*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>turnement</i>,
<i>tornement</i>, OF. <i>torneiement</i>, <i>tornoiement</i>, F.
<i>tournoiement</i> a turning or wheeling round. See <u>Tourney</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mock fight, or warlike game, formerly in great
favor, in which a number of combatants were engaged, as an exhibition of
their address and bravery; hence, figuratively, a real battle.</def> "In
battle and in <i>tourneyment</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With cruel <i>tournament</i> the squadrons
join.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; It different from the <i>joust</i>, which was a trial of skill
between one man and another.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any contest of skill in which there are many
contestents for championship; as, a chess <i>tournament</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tourn"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work turned on a
lathe; turnery.</def> [Obs.] See <u>Turnery</u>.  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tour"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>tornei</i>,
<i>tornoi</i>, F. <i>tournoi</i>, fr. OF. <i>torneier</i>, <i>tornoier</i>,
<i>tournoier</i>, to tit, to tourney, F. <i>tournoyer</i> to turn round and
round. See <u>Turn</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A tournament.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At tilt or <i>tourney</i> or like warlike game.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We hold a <i>tourney</i> here to-morrow morn,<BR>
And there is scantly time for half the work.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tour"ney</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.OF. <i>torneier</i>. See
<u>Tourney</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <def>To perform in tournaments; to
tilt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Well could he <i>tourney</i>, and in lists
debate.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tour"ni*quet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>tourner</i>
to turn.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument for arresting hemorrhage. It
consists essentially of a pad or compress upon which pressure is made by a
band which is tightened by a screw or other means.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tour`nois"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., belonging to
<i>Tours</i> in France.] <def>A former French money of account worth 20
sous, or a franc. It was thus called in distinction from the Paris
<i>livre</i>, which contained 25 sous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tour*nure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>tourner</i>
to turn.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Turn; contour; figure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any device used by women to expand the skirt of
a dress below the waist; a bustle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Touse</hw>, <hw>Touze</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Toused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Tousing</u>.] [OE. <i>tosen</i> &radic;64. See
<u>tease</u>, and cf. <u>Tose</u>, <u>Toze</u>. ] <def>To pull; to haul; to
tear; to worry.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As a bear, whom angry curs have <i>touzed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Touse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pulling; a
disturbance.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tous"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Tousle</u>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tous"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who touses.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tou"sle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Freq. of <i>touse</i>.
Cf.<u>Tossle</u>.] <def>To put into disorder; to tumble; to touse.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tous`-les`-mois"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., all the months,
<i>i.e.</i>, every month.] <def>A kind of starch with very large, oval,
flattened grains, often sold as arrowroot, and extensively used for
adulterating cocoa. It is made from the rootstocks of a species of
<i>Canna</i>, probably <i>C. edulis</i>, the tubers of which are edible
every month in the year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tout</hw> (t&oomac;t), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See 1st
<u>Toot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To act as a tout. See 2d
<u>Tout</u>.</def> [Cant. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ply or seek for customers.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who secretly watches race
horses which are in course of training, to get information about their
capabilities, for use in betting.</def> [Cant. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tout</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See 3d <u>Toot</u>. ] <def>To
toot a horn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The anus.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tout`-en`sem"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>All
together; hence, in costume, the fine arts, etc., the general effect of a
work as a whole, without regard to the execution of the separate
perts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tout"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who seeks customers,
as for an inn, a public conveyance, shops, and the like: hence, an
obtrusive candidate for office.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The prey of ring droppers, . . . duffers, <i>touters</i>, or
any of those bloodless sharpers who are, perhaps, better known to the
police.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Touze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v.t &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Touse</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tow</i>, AS. <i>tow</i>,
akin to OD. <i>touw</i>, Icel.  &?; a tuft of wool for spinning; cf. E.
<i>taw</i>, v.t.] <def>The coarse and broken part of flax or hemp,
separated from the finer part by the hatchel or swingle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Towed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Towing</u>.] [OE.
<i>towen</i>, to&?;en; akin to OFries. <i>toga</i> to pull about, OHG.
zog&omacr;n, Icel. <i>toga</i>, AS. <i>toh</i>line a towline, and
AS.te&oacute;n to draw, p. p. <i>getogen</i>. See <u>Tug</u>] <def>To draw
or pull through the water, as a vessel of any kind, by means of a
rope.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1523 !></p>

<p><hw>Tow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>taug</i> a rope,
from the same root as E. <i>tow</i>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rope by which anything is towed; a towline, or
towrope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of towing, or the state of being towed;
--chiefly used in the phrase, <i>to take in tow</i>, that is to
tow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is towed, or drawn by a towline, as a
barge, raft, collection of boats, ect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tow"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Tow</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>  Cf. F. <i>touage</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of towing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The price paid for towing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tow"all</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A towel.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>To"ward</hw>, <hw>To"wards</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos>[AS. &?; impending, imminent, future, toward, &?;
towards. See <u>To</u>, and -<u>ward</u>, <u>wards</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In the direction of; to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He set his face <i>toward</i> the wilderness.</blockquote>
<i>Num. xxiv. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The waves make <i>towards</i>\'b6 the pebbled
shore.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With direction to, in a moral sense; with
respect or reference to; regarding; concerning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His eye shall be evil <i>toward</i> his
brother.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxviii. 54.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Herein do I exercise myself, to have always a conscience
void of offense <i>toward</i> God, and <i>toward</i> men.</blockquote>
<i>Acts xxiv. 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tending to; in the direction of; in behalf
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This was the first alarm England received <i>towards</i> any
trouble.</blockquote> <i>Clarendom.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Near; about; approaching to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>toward</i> nine years older since I left
you.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>To"ward</hw>, <hw>To"wards</hw>  } <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Near; at hand; in state of preparation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do you hear sught, sir, of a battle <i>toward</i>
?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have a trifling foolish banquet
<i>Towards</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. &?;. See <u>Toward</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Approaching; coming
near.</def> "His <i>toward</i> peril."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Readly to do or learn; compliant with duty; not
froward; apt; docile; tractable; as, a <i>toward</i> youth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ready to act; forward; bold; valiant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why, that is spoken like a <i>toward</i>
prince.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"ward*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being towardly; docility; tractableness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The beauty and <i>towardliness</i> of these children moved
her brethren to envy.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"ward*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Toward</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He's <i>towardly</i> and will come on apace.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"ward*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being toward.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"wards</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>prep. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Toward</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tow"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
vessel constructed for being towed, as a canal boat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A steamer used for towing other vessels; a
tug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tow"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>towaille</i>,
<i>towail</i>, F. <i>touaille</i>, LL. <i>toacula</i>, of Teutonic origin;
cf. OHG. <i>dwahila</i>, <i>swahilla</i>, G. <i>zwehle</i>, fr. OHG.
<i>dwahan</i> to wash; akin to D. <i>dwaal</i> a towel, AS.
<i>&thorn;we&aacute;n</i> to wash, OS. <i>thwahan</i>, Icel.
<i>&thorn;v&amacr;</i>, Sw. <i>tv&aring;</i>, Dan. <i>toe</i>, Goth.
<i>&thorn;wahan</i>.   Cf. <u>Doily</u>.] <def>A cloth used for wiping,
especially one used for drying anything wet, as the person after a
bath.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Towel gourd</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the fruit of the
cucurbitaceous plant <i>Luffa &AElig;gyptiaca</i>; also, the plant itself.
The fruit is very fibrous, and, when separated from its rind and seeds, is
used as a sponge or towel. Called also <i>Egyptian bath sponge</i>, and
<i>dishcloth</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tow"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To beat with a
stick.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tow"el*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cloth for towels,
especially such as is woven in long pieces to be cut at will, as
distinguished from that woven in towel lengths with borders, etc.</def>
[Written also <i>towelling</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>tour</i>,<i>tor</i>,<i>tur</i>, F. <i>tour</i>, L. <i>turris</i>; akin
to Gr. &?;; cf. W. <i>twr</i> a tower, Ir. <i>tor</i> a castle, Gael.
<i>torr</i> a tower, castle.  Cf. <u>Tor</u>, <u>Turret</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mass of
building standing alone and insulated, usually higher than its diameter,
but when of great size not always of that proportion.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A projection from a line of wall, as a
fortification, for purposes of defense, as a flanker, either or the same
height as the curtain wall or higher.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
structure appended to a larger edifice for a special purpose, as for a
belfry, and then usually high in proportion to its width and to the height
of the rest of the edifice; as, a church <i>tower</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A citadel; a fortress; hence, a
defense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast been a shelter for me, and a strong <i>tower</i>
from the enemy.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxi. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A headdress of a high or towerlike form,
fashionable about the end of the seventeenth century and until 1715; also,
any high headdress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lay trains of amorous intrigues<BR>
In <i>towers</i>, and curls, and periwigs.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>High flight; elevation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gay Lussac's tower</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a large tower
or chamber used in the sulphuric acid process, to absorb (by means of
concentrated acid) the spent nitrous fumes that they may be returned to the
Glover's tower to be reemployed. See <i>Sulphuric acid</i>, under
<u>Sulphuric</u>, and <i>Glover's tower</i>, below.</cd> --
<col><b>Glover's tower</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a large tower or
chamber used in the manufacture of sulphuric acid, to condense the crude
acid and to deliver concentrated acid charged with nitrous fumes. These
fumes, as a catalytic, effect the conversion of sulphurous to sulphuric
acid. See <i>Sulphuric acid</i>, under <u>Sulphuric</u>, and <i>Gay
Lussac's tower</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Round tower</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Round</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Shot
tower</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Shot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tower
bastion</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>a bastion of masonry, often with
chambers beneath, built at an angle of the interior polygon of some
works.</cd> -- <col><b>Tower mustard</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
cruciferous plant <i>Arabis perfoliata</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tower of
London</b></col>, <cd>a collection of buildings in the eastern part of
London, formerly containing a state prison, and now used as an arsenal and
repository of various objects of public interest.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>towered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>towering</u>.] <def>To rise and overtop other objects; to be lofty or
very high; hence, to soar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the other side an high rock <i>towered</i>
still.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My lord protector's hawks do <i>tower</i> so
well.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tow"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To soar into.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tow"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adorned or defended by
towers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Towered</i> cities please us then.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tow"er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Very high; elevated; rising aloft; as, a <i>towering</i> height.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, extreme; violent; surpassing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man agitated by a <i>towering</i> passion.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tow"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having towers; adorned
or defended by towers.</def> [R.] "<i>Towery cities</i>."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tow"-head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
urchin who has soft, whitish hair.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hooded merganser.</def>
[ Local, U. S. ]</p>

<p><hw>To*whee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
chewink.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*wil"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The sanderling; -- so called from its cry.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tow"line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>tohline</i>. See
<u>Tow</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <i>and</i> <u>Line</u>. ]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A line used to tow vessels; a towrope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Town</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>toun</i>, <i>tun</i>,
AS. <i>tun</i> inclosure, fence, village, town; akin to D. <i>tuin</i> a
garden, G. <i>zaun</i> a hadge, fence, OHG. <i>zun</i>, Icel. <i>tun</i> an
inclosure, homestead, house, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>dun</i> a fortress, W.
<i>din</i>.  Cf. <u>Down</u>, <pos><i>adv. &amp; prep.</i></pos>, <u>Dune</u>,
<u>tine</u> to inclose.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formerly:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> An inclosure which surrounded the mere homestead or
dwelling of the lord of the manor. [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The whole of
the land which constituted the domain. [Obs.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> A
collection of houses inclosed by fences or walls.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any number or collection of houses to which
belongs a regular market, and which is not a city or the see of a
bishop.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any collection of houses larger than a village,
and not incorporated as a city; also, loosely, any large, closely populated
place, whether incorporated or not, in distinction from the country, or
from rural communities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God made the country, and man made the
<i>town</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The body of inhabitants resident in a town; as,
the <i>town</i> voted to send two representatives to the legislature; the
<i>town</i> voted to lay a tax for repairing the highways.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A township; the whole territory within certain
limits, less than those of a country.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The court end of London;-- commonly with
<i>the</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The metropolis or its inhabitants; as, in winter
the gentleman lives in <i>town</i>; in summer, in the country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Always hankering after the diversions of the
<i>town</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Stunned with his giddy larum half the
<i>town</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The same form of expressions is used in regard to other populous
towns.</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A farm or farmstead; also, a court or
farmyard.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Town</i> is often used adjectively or in combination with
other words; as, <i>town</i> clerk, or <i>town</i>-clerk; <i>town</i>-
crier, or <i>town</i> crier; <i>town</i>hall, <i>town</i>-hall, or
<i>town</i> hall; <i>town</i>house, <i>town</i> house, or <i>town</i>-
house.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Village; hamlet. See <u>Village</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Town clerk</b></col>, <cd>an office who keeps the records of a
town, and enters its official proceedings. See <u>Clerk</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Town cress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the garden cress, or
peppergrass.</cd> <i>Dr. Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Town house</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A house in town, in distinction from a house in the
country.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <u>Townhouse</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Town meeting</b></col>, <cd>a legal meeting of the inhabitants of a
town entitled to vote, for the transaction of public bisiness.</cd> [U. S.]
-- <col><b>Town talk</b></col>, <cd>the common talk of a place; the subject
or topic of common conversation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Town"-cri`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A town officer who
makes proclamations to the people; the public crier of a town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Towned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having towns; containing
many towns.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Town"hall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A public hall or
building, belonging to a town, where the public offices are established,
the town council meets, the people assemble in town meeting, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Town"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A building devoted
to the public used of a town; a townhall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Town"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
inhabitants of a town; like the town.</def> [R.]  <i>Turbervile.</i></p>

<p><hw>Town"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no town.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Town"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small town.</def>
<i>North Brit. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Towns"folk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The people of a
town; especially, the inhabitants of a city, in distinction from country
people; townspeople.</def></p>

<p><hw>Town"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
district or territory of a town.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States, many of the States are divided into
townships of five, six, seven, or perhaps ten miles square, and the
inhabitants of such townships are invested with certain powers for
regulating their own affairs, such as repairing roads and providing for the
poor. The township is subordinate to the county.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In surveys of the public land of the United
States, a division of territory six miles square, containing 36
sections.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In Canada, one of the subdivisions of a
county.</def></p>

<p><hw>Towns"man</hw> (tounz"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Townsmen</b></plw> (-m&et;n).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant of a town; one of the same town
with another.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A selectman, in New England. See
<u>Selectman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Towns"peo`ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The inhabitants of
a town or city, especially in distinction from country people;
townsfolk.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Town"ward</hw>, <hw>Town"wards</hw> (?), } (?),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward a town.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tow"path`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A path traveled by men
or animals in towing boats; -- called also <i>towing path</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tow"rope`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rope used in towing
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tow"ser</hw> (tou"z&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Touse</u> to pull about. ] <def>A familiar name for a dog.</def> [
Written also <i>Towzer</i>. ]</p>

<p><hw>Tow"y</hw> (t&omacr;"&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed
of, or like, tow.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tox*&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (t&obreve;ks"&emacr;"m&ibreve;*&adot;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>toxiko`n</grk> poison +
<grk>a"i^ma</grk> blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Blood poisoning. See under
<u>Blood</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tox"ic</hw>, <hw>Tox"ic*al</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>toxicum</i> poison, originally, a poison in which arrows were dipped,
Gr. <grk>toxiko`n</grk> (sc. &?;) poison for smearing arrows with, fr.
<grk>toxiko`s</grk> of or for the bow, from <grk>to`xon</grk> bow, arrow.
Cf. <u>Intoxicate</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to poison; poisonous; as,
<i>toxic</i> medicines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tox"i*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A poisonous agent or
drug, as opium; an intoxicant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tox`i*co*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F.
<i>toxicologique</i>. ] <def>Of or pertaining to toxicology.</def> --
<wf>Tox`i*co*log"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tox`i*col"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in
toxicology; the writer of a treatise on poisons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tox`i*col"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>toxiko`n</grk> poison + <i>-logy</i>; cf. F. <i>toxicologie</i>. See
<u>Toxic</u>. ] <def>The science which treats of poisons, their effects,
antidotes, and recognition; also, a discourse or treatise on the
science.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tox`i*co*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See. <u>Toxic</u>,
and <u>Mania</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Toxiphobia.</def>
<i>A. S. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An insane desire for intoxicating
or poisonous drugs, as alcohol or opium.</def>  <i>B. W.
Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tox*if"e*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>to`xon</grk> a bow + L. <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Toxoglossa</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tox"in</hw>, <hw>Tox"ine</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>toxiko`n</grk>. See <u>Toxic</u>. ] <def>A poisonous product formed by
pathogenic bacteria, as a toxic proteid or poisonous ptomaine.</def><BR>
[1913 Webster]</p>

<p><hw>||Tox`i*pho"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>toxiko`n</grk> poison + <grk>fo`bos</grk> fear.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An
insane or greatly exaggerated dread of poisons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tox"o*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>to`xon</grk> a
bow + &?;, &?;, a tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A gigantic extinct
herbivorous mammal from South America, having teeth bent like a bow. It is
the type of the order Toxodonta.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tox`o*don"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order of Mammalia found in the South
American Tertiary formation. The incisor teeth were long and curved and
provided with a persistent pulp. They are supposed to be related both to
the rodents and ungulates. Called also <i>Toxodontia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tox`o*glos"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>to`xon</grk> a bow + &?; tongue.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division
of marine gastropod mollusks in which the radula are converted into poison
fangs. The cone shells (<i>Conus</i>), Pleurotoma, and Terebra, are
examples. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Cone</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4,
<u>Pleurotoma</u>, and <u>Terebra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tox*oph"i*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>to`xon</grk>
a bow + <grk>filei^n</grk> to love.] <def>A lover of archery; one devoted
to archery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tox"o*tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; an
archer.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fishes comprising the archer
fishes. See <u>Archer fish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toy</hw> (toi), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>tuid</i> tools,
implements, stuff, trash, speel<i>tuig</i> playthings, toys; akin to G.
<i>zeug</i> stuff, materials, MNG. <i>ziuc</i>, Icel. <i>tygi</i> gear; all
ultimately from the root of E. <i>tug</i>, v. t.; cf. G. <i>zeugen</i> to
beget, MHG. <i>ziugen</i> to beget, make ready, procure. See <u>Tug</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A plaything for children; a bawble.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thing for amusement, but of no real value; an
article of trade of little value; a trifle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They exchange for knives, glasses, and such <i>toys</i>,
great abundance of gold and pearl.</blockquote> <i>Abr. Abbot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wild fancy; an odd conceit; idle sport; folly;
trifling opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To fly about playing their wanton <i>toys</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What if a <i>toy</i> take'em in the heels now, and they all
run away.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor light and idle <i>toys</i> my lines may vainly
swell.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Amorous dalliance; play; sport; pastime.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To dally thus with death is no fit <i>toy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An old story; a silly tale.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [Probably the same word.] <def>A headdress of linen
or woolen, that hangs down over the shoulders, worn by old women of the
lower classes; -- called also <i>toy mutch</i>.</def> [Scot.] "Having,
moreover, put on her clean <i>toy</i>, rokelay, and scarlet plaid."  <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>toyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>toying</u>.] <def>To
dally amorously; to trifle; to play.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>toy</i>, to wanton, dally, smile and
jest.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat foolishly.</def>
[Obs.] <i>E. Dering (1576).</i></p>

<p><hw>To*year</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>To</i>, prep. +
<i>year</i>. ] <def>This year.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toy"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who toys; one who is
full of trifling tricks; a trifler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toy"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of trifling
play.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toy"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house for children
to play in or to play with; a playhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toy"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a toying
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toy"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sportive;
trifling; wanton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a toy.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Toy"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Toy"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1524 !></p>

<p><hw>Toy"man</hw> (toi"m<i>a</i>n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
deals in toys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toy"shop`</hw> (-sh&obreve;p`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shop
where toys are sold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toy"some</hw> (toi"s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed
to toy; trifling; wanton.</def> [R.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Toze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pull violently; to
touse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>To"zy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Toze</u> ] <def>Soft,
like wool that has been teased.</def> -- <wf>To"zi*ness</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Tra"be*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trabe&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A toga
of purple, or ornamented with purple horizontal stripes. -- worn by kings,
consuls, and augurs.</def>  <i>Dr. W. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra"be*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Furnished with an entablature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra`be*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trabs</i>,
<i>trabis</i>, a beam, a timber.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Entablature</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tra*bec"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trabecul&aelig;</b></plw>  (-l&emacr;). [L., a little beam.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A small bar, rod, bundle of fibers, or septal membrane,
in the framework of an organ part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*bec"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to a trabecula or trabecul&aelig;; composed of
trabecul&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*bec"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Crossbarred, as the ducts in a banana stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra"bu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Trubu</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trais</i>. pl. of
<i>trait</i>. See <u>Trait</u>.] <def>One of two straps, chains, or ropes
of a harness, extending from the collar or breastplate to a whiffletree
attached to a vehicle or thing to be drawn; a tug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trace</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trace</i>. See <u>Trace</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark left by anything
passing; a track; a path; a course; a footprint; a vestige; as, the
<i>trace</i> of a carriage or sled; the <i>trace</i> of a deer; a sinuous
<i>trace</i>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem. &amp; Min.)</i> <def>A very small quantity of
an element or compound in a given substance, especially when so small that
the amount is not quantitatively determined in an analysis; -- hence, in
stating an analysis, often contracted to <i>tr.</i></def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mark, impression, or visible appearance of
anything left when the thing itself no longer exists; remains; token;
vestige.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shady empire shall retain no <i>trace</i><BR>
Of war or blood, but in the sylvan chase.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Descriptive Geom. &amp; Persp.)</i> <def>The
intersection of a plane of projection, or an original plane, with a
coordinate plane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The ground plan of a work or
works.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Syn</b></col>.<cd>-Vestige; mark; token. See
<u>Vestige</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trace</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>traced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>tracing</u>.] [OF.
<i>tracier</i>, F. <i>tracer</i>, from  (assumed) LL. <i>tractiare</i>,
fr.L. <i>tractus</i>, p. p. of <i>trahere</i> to draw.  Cf.
<u>Abstract</u>, <u>Attract</u>, <u>Contract</u>, <u>Portratt</u>,
<u>Tract</u>, <u>Trail</u>, <u>Train</u>, <u>Treat</u>. ]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark out; to draw or delineate with marks;
especially, to copy, as a drawing or engraving, by following the lines and
marking them on a sheet superimposed, through which they appear; as, to
<i>trace</i> a figure or an outline; a <i>traced</i> drawing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some faintly <i>traced</i> features or outline of the mother
and the child, slowly lading into the twilight of the woods.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To follow by some mark that has been left by a
person or thing which has preceded; to follow by footsteps, tracks, or
tokens.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You may <i>trace</i> the deluge quite round the
globe.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I feel thy power . . . to <i>trace</i> the ways<BR>
Of highest agents.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to follow the trace or track
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How all the way the prince on footpace
<i>traced</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To copy; to imitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That servile path thou nobly dost decline,<BR>
Of <i>tracing</i> word, and line by line.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To walk over; to pass through; to
traverse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We do <i>trace</i>this alley up and down.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trace</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To walk; to go; to
travel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not wont on foot with heavy arms to
<i>trace</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trace"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
traced.</def> -- <wf>Trace"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Trace"a/bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tra"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
traces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra"cer/y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Traceries</b></plw> (&?;) <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Ornamental work with
rambled lines.</def> Especially: -- <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The decorative
head of a Gothic window.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Window tracery</i> is of two sorts, <i>plate tracery</i> and
<i>bar tracery</i>. <i>Plate tracery</i>, common in Italy, consists of a
series of ornamental patterns cut through a flat plate of stone. <i>Bar
tracery</i> is a decorative pattern formed by the curves and intersections
of the molded bars of the mullions.  Window tracery is imitated in many
decorative objects, as panels of wood or metal either pierced or in relief.
See also <i>Stump tracery</i> under <u>Stump</u>, and <i>Fan tracery</i>
under <u>Fan</u>.</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A similar decoration in some styles of
vaulting, the ribs of the vault giving off the minor bars of which the
tracery is composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra"che*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trache&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL.,from L. <i>trachia</i>, Gr.
<grk>trachei^a</grk>  (sc. &?; windpipe), from &?; rough, rugged: cf. F.
<i>trach&eacute;e</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The windpipe. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Lung</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the respiratory tubes
of insects and arachnids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the large cells in woody
tissue which have spiral, annular, or other markings, and are connected
longitudinally so as to form continuous ducts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra"che*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.F. <i>tracheal</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the trachea; like a trachea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tra`che*a"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Arachnida including those that
breathe only by means of trache&aelig;. It includes the mites, ticks, false
scorpions, and harvestmen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra"che*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tracheal; breathing
by means of trache&aelig;.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Trachearia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tra`che*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive division of arthropods comprising all
those which breathe by trache&aelig;, as distinguished from Crustacea,
which breathe by means of branchi&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra"che*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Breathing by means of trache&aelig;; of or pertaining to the
Tracheata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra"che*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
arthropod having trache&aelig;; one of the Tracheata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra"che*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A wood
cell with spiral or other markings and closed throughout, as in pine
wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tra`che*i"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Trachea</u>, and  -<u>itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
trachea, or windpipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*chel"i*dan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; neck.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of a tribe of beetles (<i>Trachelides</i>)
which have the head supported on a pedicel. The oil beetles and the
Cantharides are examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*chel"i*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.&?; neck + <i>-
pod</i>:cf.F. <i>trachelipode</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Trachelipoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tra`che*lip"o*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Trachelipod</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive artificial group
of gastropods comprising all those which have a spiral shell and the foot
attached to the base of the neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra`che*lip"o*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the foot united with the neck; of or
pertaining to the Trachelipoda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra`che*lo*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.&?; + E.
<i>tranchiate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the gills situated upon
the neck; -- said of certain mollusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra`che*lor"rha*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; neck +
&?; to sew.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The operation of sewing up a laceration of
the neck of the uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tra*chen"chy*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,fr.
<i>trachea</i> + -<i>enchyma</i> as in E. <i>parenchyma</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A vegetable tissue consisting of trache&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tra`che*o*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tracheobranchlae</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Trachea</u>, and
<u>Branchia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the gill-like breathing
organs of certain aquatic insect larv&aelig;. They contain tracheal tubes
somewhat similar to those of other insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra`che*o*bron"chi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Pertaining both to the tracheal and bronchial
tubes, or to their junction; -- said of the syrinx of certain
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra"che*o*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the windpipe
+ &?; a tumor: cf.F. <i>tracheocele</i>. ] <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Goiter.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tumor
containing air and communicating with the trachea.</def>  <i>Morell
Mackenzie.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tra`che*oph"o*n&aelig;</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from <i>trachea</i> + Gr. <grk>fonei^n</grk> to sound.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A group of passerine birds having the syrinx at the lower end of the
trachea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra`che*os"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Trachea</i> +
<i>-scopy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Examination of the interior of the
trachea by means of a mirror.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra`che*ot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Trachea</i> + Gr.
&?; to cut: cf.F. <i>tracheotomie</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The operation
of making an opening into the windpipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra"chi*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or like, <i>Trachinus</i>, a genus of fishes which
includes the weevers. See <u>Weever</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tra*chi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Tracheitis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra`chy*car"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; rough + &?;
fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Rough-fruited.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tra`chy*me*du"s&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr.Gr. &?; rough + <i>medusa</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
acalephs in which the development is direct from the eggs, without a
hydroid stage. Some of the species are parasitic on other
medus&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra`chy*sper"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; rough +
&?; seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Rough-seeded.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tra`chy*stom"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; rough + <i>stoma</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of tailed
aquatic amphibians, including <i>Siren</i> and <i>Pseudobranchus</i>. They
have anterior legs only, are eel-like in form, and have no teeth except a
small patch on the palate. The external gills are persistent through
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra"chyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; rough, rugged: cg.
F. <i>trachyte</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An igneous rock, usually light
gray in color and breaking with a rough surface. It consists chiefly of
orthoclase feldspar with sometimes hornblende and mica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*chyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>trachytique</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling,
trachyte.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trach"y*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Trachyte</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Resembling trachyte; -- used to define the
structure of certain rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who traces; especially, the act of copying by marking on thin
paper, or other transparent substance, the lines of a pattern placed
beneath; also, the copy thus producted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A regular path or track; a course.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tracing cloth</b></col>, <col><b>Tracing paper</b></col>,
<cd>specially prepared transparent cloth or paper, which enables a drawing
or print to be clearly seen through it, and so allows the use of a pen or
pencil to produce a facsimile by following the lines of the original placed
beneath.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Track</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>trac</i> track of
horses, mules, trace of animals; of Teutonic origin; cf.D. <i>trek</i> a
drawing, <i>trekken</i> to draw, travel, march, MHG. <i>trechen</i>, pret.
<i>trach</i>.  Cf. <u>Trick</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mark left by
something that has passed along; as, the <i>track</i>, or wake, of a ship;
the <i>track</i> of a meteor; the <i>track</i> of a sled or a
wheel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bright <i>track</i> of his fiery car.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mark or impression left by the foot, either of
man or beast; trace; vestige; footprint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Far from <i>track</i> of men.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The entire lower surface of
the foot; -- said of birds, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A road; a beaten path.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold Torquatus the same <i>track</i> pursue.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Course; way; as, the <i>track</i> of a
comet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A path or course laid out for a race, for
exercise, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>The permanent way; the
rails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> [Perhaps a mistake for <i>tract</i>.] <def>A tract or
area, as of land.</def> [Obs.] "Small <i>tracks</i> of ground."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Track scale</b></col>, <cd>a railway scale. See under
<u>Railway</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Track</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>tracked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>tracking</u>.]
<def>To follow the tracks or traces of; to pursue by following the marks of
the feet; to trace; to trail; as, to <i>track</i> a deer in the
snow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was often found impossible to <i>track</i> the robbers to
their retreats among the hills and morasses.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To draw along continuously, as a
vessel, by a line, men or animals on shore being the motive power; to
tow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Track"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of tracking,
or towing, as a boat; towage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Track"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, tracks or pursues, as a man or dog that follows
game.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And of the <i>trackers</i> of the deer<BR>
Scarce half the lessening pack was near.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>In the organ, a light strip of
wood connecting (in path) a key and a pallet, to communicate motion by
pulling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Track"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no track; marked
by no footsteps; untrodden; as, a <i>trackless</i> desert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To climb the <i>trackless</i> mountain all
unseen.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Track"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>-
<wf>Track"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Track"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Railroad)</i>
<def>One who has charge of the track; -- called also
<i>roadmaster</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Track"-road`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A towing
path.</def></p>

<p><hw>Track"scout</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Trackschuyt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tract</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev.fr. <i>tractate</i>.]
<def>A written discourse or dissertation, generally of short extent; a
short treatise, especially on practical religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The church clergy at that time writ the best collection of
<i>tracts</i> against popery that ever appeared.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tracts for the Times</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Tractarian</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tract</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tractus</i> a drawing,
train, track, course, tract of land, from <i>trahere tractum</i>, to draw.
Senses 4 and 5 are perhaps due to confusion with <i>track</i>. See
<u>Trace</u>,<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Tratt</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something drawn out or extended; expanse.</def>
"The deep <i>tract</i> of hell."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A region or quantity of land or water, of
indefinite extent; an area; as, an unexplored <i>tract</i> of
sea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A very high mountain joined to the mainland by a narrow
<i>tract</i> of earth.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Traits; features; lineaments.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The discovery of a man's self by the <i>tracts</i> of his
countenance is a great weakness.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The footprint of a wild beast.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Track; trace.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Efface all <i>tract</i> of its traduction.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But flies an eagle flight, bold, and forthon,<BR>
Leaving no <i>tract</i> behind.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Treatment; exposition.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Continuity or extension of anything; as, the
<i>tract</i> of speech.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Older.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Continued or protracted duration; length;
extent.</def> "Improved by <i>tract</i> of time."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Verses of Scripture sung at
Mass, instead of the Alleluia, from Septuagesima Sunday till the Saturday
befor Easter; -- so called because sung <i>tractim</i>, or without a break,
by one voice, instead of by many as in the antiphons.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Region; district; quarter; essay; treatise;
dissertation.</p>

<p><hw>Tract</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To trace out; to track;
also, to draw out; to protact.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tract`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tractabilitas</i>: cf.F. <i>tractabilite</i>.] <def>The quality or state
of being tractable or docile; docility; tractableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tract"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tractabilis</i>,
fr, <i>tractare</i> to draw violently, to handle, treat. See <u>Treat</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being easily
led, taught, or managed; docile; manageable; governable; as,
<i>tractable</i> children; a <i>tractable</i> learner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall find them <i>tractable</i> enough.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being handled; palpable; practicable;
feasible; as, <i>tractable</i> measures.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p>--<wf>Tract"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tract"a/bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trac*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ch. of England)</i>
<def>One of the writers of the Oxford tracts, called "<i>Tracts</i> for the
Times," issued during the period 1833-1841, in which series of papers the
sacramental system and authority of the Church, and the value of tradition,
were brought into prominence. Also, a member of the High Church party,
holding generally the principles of the Tractarian writers; a
Puseyite.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1525 !></p>

<p><hw>Trac*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Tractarians, or their principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trac*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ch. of
England)</i> <def>The principles of the Tractarians, or of those persons
accepting the teachings of the "Tracts for the Times."</def></p>

<p><hw>Tract"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tractatus</i> a
touching, handling, treatise. See Tractable, and <u>Tract</u> a treatise,
<u>Treaty</u>.] <def>A treatise; a tract; an essay.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Agreeing in substance with Augustin's, from whose fourteenth
<i>Tractate</i> on St. John the words are translated.</blockquote>
<i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trac*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tractatio</i>.]
<def>Treatment or handling of a subject; discussion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A full <i>tractation</i> of the points
controverted.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trac*ta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a handler.] <def>One
who writes tracts; specif., a Tractarian.</def> [R.]  <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Tract"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trahere</i>,
<i>tractum</i>, to draw.] <def>Capable of being drawn out in length;
ductile.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trac*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being tractile; ductility.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trahere</i>,
<i>tractum</i>, to draw: cf. F. <i>traction</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of drawing, or the state of being drawn; as, the
<i>traction</i> of a muscle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the act of drawing a body along a
plane by motive power, as the drawing of a carriage by men or horses, the
towing of a boat by a tug.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Attraction; a drawing toward.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The adhesive friction of a wheel on a rail, a
rope on a pulley, or the like.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Angle of traction</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the angle made
with a given plane by the line of direction in which a tractive force
acts.</cd> -- <col><b>Traction engine</b></col>, <cd>a locomotive for
drawing vehicles on highways or in the fields.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tract"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Tractarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trac*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Tractate</u>.]
<def>Treating of; handling.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tract"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to draw;
pulling; attracting; as, <i>tractive</i> power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tract"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>trahere</i>, <i>tractum</i>, to draw.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which draws, or is used for drawing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Two small, pointed rods
of metal, formerly used in the treatment called Perkinism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trac`to*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Perkinism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tract"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tractorius</i> of
drawing, fr. <i>trahere</i>, <i>tractum</i>, to draw.] <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>A tractrix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tract"rix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Tractor</u>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A curve such that the part of the tangent between the
point of tangency and a given straight line is constant; -- so called
because it was conceived as described by the motion of one end of a tangent
line as the other end was drawn along the given line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trad</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Tread</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly, a path, OE.
<i>tred</i> a footmark. See <u>Tread</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A track; a trail; a way; a
path; also, passage; travel; resort.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A postern with a blind wicket there was,<BR>
A common <i>trade</i> to pass through Priam's house.</blockquote>
<i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hath tracted forth some salvage beastes
<i>trade</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Or, I'll be buried in the king's highway,<BR>
Some way of common <i>trade</i>, where subjects' feet<BR>
May hourly trample on their sovereign's head.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Course; custom; practice; occupation;
employment.</def> [Obs.] "The right <i>trade</i> of religion."
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There those five sisters had continual
<i>trade</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Long did I love this lady,<BR>
Long was my travel, long my <i>trade</i> to win her.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy sin's not accidental but a <i>trade</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Business of any kind; matter of mutual
consideration; affair; dealing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Have you any further <i>trade</i> with us?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: The act or business of exchanging
commodities by barter, or by buying and selling for money; commerce;
traffic; barter.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Trade comprehends every species of exchange or dealing, either in
the produce of land, in manufactures, in bills, or in money; but it is
chiefly used to denote the barter or purchase and sale of goods, wares, and
merchandise, either by wholesale or retail. Trade is either <i>foreign</i>
or <i>domestic</i>. <i>Foreign</i> trade consists in the exportation and
importation of goods, or the exchange of the commodities of different
countries. <i>Domestic</i>, or <i>home</i>, trade is the exchange, or
buying and selling, of goods within a country. Trade is also by the
<i>wholesale</i>, that is, by the package or in large quantities, generally
to be sold again, or it is by <i>retail</i>, or in small parcels. The
<i>carrying</i> trade is the business of transporting commodities from one
country to another, or between places in the same country, by land or
water.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The business which a person has learned, and
which he engages in, for procuring subsistence, or for profit; occupation;
especially, mechanical employment as distinguished from the liberal arts,
the learned professions, and agriculture; as, we speak of the <i>trade</i>
of a smith, of a carpenter, or mason, but not now of the <i>trade</i> of a
farmer, or a lawyer, or a physician.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Accursed usury was all his <i>trade</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The homely, slighted, shepherd's <i>trade</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will instruct thee in my <i>trade</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Instruments of any occupation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The house and household goods, his <i>trade</i> of
war.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A company of men engaged in the same occupation;
thus, booksellers and publishers speak of the customs of the <i>trade</i>,
and are collectively designated as <i>the trade</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The trade winds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Refuse or rubbish from a mine.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Profession; occupation; office; calling; avocation;
employment; commerce; dealing; traffic.</p>

<p><col><b>Board of trade</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Board</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Trade dollar</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Dollar</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Trade price</b></col>, <cd>the price at which goods are sold to
members of the same trade, or by wholesale dealers to retailers.</cd> --
<col><b>Trade sale</b></col>, <cd>an auction by and for the trade,
especially that of the booksellers.</cd> -- <col><b>Trade wind</b></col>,
<cd>a wind in the torrid zone, and often a little beyond at, which blows
from the same quarter throughout the year, except when affected by local
causes; -- so called because of its usefulness to navigators, and hence to
trade.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; The general direction of the trade winds is from N. E. to S. W.
on the north side of the equator, and from S. E. to N. W. on the south side
of the equator. They are produced by the joint effect of the rotation of
the earth and the movement of the air from the polar toward the equatorial
regions, to supply the vacancy caused by heating, rarefaction, and
consequent ascent of the air in the latter regions. The trade winds are
principally limited to two belts in the tropical regions, one on each side
of the equator, and separated by a belt which is characterized by calms or
variable weather.</p>

<p><hw>Trade</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Traded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trading</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To barter, or to buy and sell; to
be engaged in the exchange, purchase, or sale of goods, wares, merchandise,
or anything else; to traffic; to bargain; to carry on commerce as a
business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A free port, where nations . . . resorted with their goods
and <i>traded</i>.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To buy and sell or exchange property in a single
instance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have dealings; to be concerned or associated;
-- usually followed by <i>with</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How did you dare to <i>trade</i> and traffic with
Macbeth?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trade</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sell or exchange in
commerce; to barter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>traded</i> the persons of men.</blockquote> <i>Ezek.
xxvii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To dicker and to swop, to <i>trade</i> rifles and
watches.</blockquote> <i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trade</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Tread</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trad"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Professional;
practiced.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trade"ful</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of trade; busy in
traffic; commercial.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trade"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no trade or
traffic.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trade"-mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A peculiar
distinguishing mark or device affixed by a manufacturer or a merchant to
his goods, the exclusive right of using which is recognized by
law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
engaged in trade or commerce; one who makes a business of buying and
selling or of barter; a merchant; a trafficker; as, a <i>trader</i> to the
East Indies; a country <i>trader</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel engaged in the coasting or foreign
trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trad`es*can"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus including spiderwort and Wandering Jew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trades"folk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>People employed in
trade; tradesmen.</def> [R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trades"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tradesmen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who trades;
a shopkeeper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mechanic or artificer; esp., one whose
livelihood depends upon the labor of his hands.</def> [U. S.]
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trades"peo`ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>People engaged in
trade; shopkeepers.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>trades" un`ion</hw> (?), or <hw>Trade" un`ion</hw>  }. <def>An
organized combination among workmen for the purpose of maintaining their
rights, privileges, and interests with respect to wages, hours of labor,
customs, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trades"-un`ion*ist</hw>, or <hw>Trade"-un`ion*ist</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of a trades union, or a supporter of
trades unions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trades"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tradeswomen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woman who trades, or is skilled
in trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trad"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Carrying on trade or commerce; engaged in trade; as, a <i>trading</i>
company.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Frequented by traders.</def> [R.] "They on the
<i>trading</i> flood."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Venal; corrupt; jobbing; as, a <i>trading</i>
politician.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tradicioun</i>,
L. <i>traditio</i>, from <i>tradere</i> to give up, transmit. See
<u>Treason</u>, <u>Traitor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
delivering into the hands of another; delivery.</def> "A deed takes effect
only from the <i>tradition</i> or delivery."  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The unwritten or oral delivery of information,
opinions, doctrines, practices, rites, and customs, from father to son, or
from ancestors to posterity; the transmission of any knowledge, opinions,
or practice, from forefathers to descendants by oral communication, without
written memorials.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, that which is transmitted orally from
father to son, or from ancestors to posterity; knowledge or belief
transmitted without the aid of written memorials; custom or practice long
observed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will you mock at an ancient <i>tradition</i> begun upon an
honorable respect?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Naught but <i>tradition</i> remains of the beautiful village
of Grand-Pr&eacute;.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An unwritten
code of law represented to have been given by God to Moses on
Sinai.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Making the word of God of none effect through your
<i>tradition</i>, which ye have delivered.</blockquote> <i>Mark vii.
13.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That body of doctrine and discipline, or any
article thereof, supposed to have been put forth by Christ or his apostles,
and not committed to writing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stand fast, and hold the <i>traditions</i> which ye have
been taught, whether by word or our epistle.</blockquote> <i>2 Thess. ii.
15.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tradition Sunday</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>Palm Sunday; --
so called because the creed was then taught to candidates for baptism at
Easter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tra*di"tion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To transmit by way of
tradition; to hand down.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The following story is . . . <i>traditioned</i> with very
much credit amongst our English Catholics.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*di"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>traditionnel</i>, LL. <i>traditionalis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to tradition; derived from tradition; communicated from
ancestors to descendants by word only; transmitted from age to age without
writing; as, <i>traditional</i> opinions; <i>traditional</i> customs;
<i>traditional</i> expositions of the Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Observant of tradition; attached to old customs;
old-fashioned.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*di"tion*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A system of
faith founded on tradition; esp., the doctrine that all religious faith is
to be based solely upon what is delivered from competent authority,
exclusive of rational processes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*di"tion*al*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate
of, or believer in, traditionalism; a traditionist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*di"tion*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a traditional
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*di"tion*a*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By
tradition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*di"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Traditional.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reveries of the Talmud, a collection of Jewish
<i>traditionary</i> interpolations.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*di"tion*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Traditionaries</b></plw> (&?;). [Cf. F. <i>traditionnare</i>.]
<def>One, among the Jews, who acknowledges the authority of traditions, and
explains the Scriptures by them.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tra*di"tion*er</hw> (?), <hw>Tra*di"tion*ist</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>traditionniste</i>.] <def>One who adheres
to tradition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trad"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tradere</i>,
<i>traditum</i>, to transmit, give up: cf. F. <i>traditif</i>.]
<def>Transmitted or transmissible from father to son, or from age, by oral
communication; traditional.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Suppose we on things <i>traditive</i> divide.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Trad"i*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>tradere</i>,
<i>traditum</i>. See <u>Traitor</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A
deliverer; -- a name of infamy given to Christians who delivered the
Scriptures, or the goods of the church, to their persecutors to save their
lives.</def>  <i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*duce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Traduced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Traducing</u> (?).] [L. <i>traducere</i>, <i>traductum</i>, to lead
across, lead along, exhibit as a spectacle, disgrace, transfer, derive;
<i>trans</i> across, over + <i>ducere</i> to lead: cf. F. <i>traduire</i>
to transfer, translate, arraign, fr. L. <i>traducere.</i> See <u>Duke</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To transfer; to transmit; to hand down; as, to
<i>traduce</i> mental qualities to one's descendants.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To translate from one language to another; as,
to <i>traduce</i> and compose works.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Golden Boke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To increase or distribute by propagation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From these only the race of perfect animals were propagated
and <i>traduced</i> over the earth.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To draw away; to seduce.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I can forget the weakness<BR>
Of the <i>traduced</i> soldiers.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To represent; to exhibit; to display; to expose;
to make an example of.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To expose to contempt or shame; to represent as
blamable; to calumniate; to vilify; to defame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best stratagem that Satan hath . . . is by
<i>traducing</i> the form and manner of them [prayers], to bring them into
contempt.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had the baseness . . . to <i>traduce</i> me in
libel.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To calumniate; vilify; defame; disparage; detract;
depreciate; decry; slander.</p>

<p><hw>Tra*duce"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
traducing; misrepresentation; ill-founded censure; defamation;
calumny.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*du"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>traducens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>traducere</i>. See <u>Traduce</u>.] <def>Slanderous.</def> [R.]
<i>Entick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*du"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who traduces; a slanderer; a calumniator.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who derives or deduces.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*du"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A believer in
traducianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*du"cian*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Theol.)</i>
<def>The doctrine that human souls are produced by the act of generation; -
- opposed to <i>creationism</i>, and <i>infusionism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*du"ci*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being derived or propagated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being traduced or calumniated.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tra*du"cing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a traducing
manner; by traduction; slanderously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*duct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>traducere</i>,
<i>traductum</i>. See Traduce.] <def>To derive or deduce; also, to
transmit; to transfer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fotherby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*duct"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is traducted;
that which is transferred; a translation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>traductio</i> a
transferring: cf. F. <i>traduction</i> translation. See <u>Traduce</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Transmission from one to another.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Traditional communication and <i>traduction</i> of
truths.</blockquote> <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Translation from one language to another.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Derivation by descent; propagation.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If by <i>traduction</i> came thy mind,<BR>
Our wonder is the less to find<BR>
A soul so charming from a stock so good.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of transferring; conveyance;
transportation.</def> [R.] "The <i>traduction</i> of brutes."  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Transition.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A process of reasoning in which
each conclusion applies to just such an object as each of the premises
applies to.</def>  <i>Jevons.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*duc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
deduced; derivable.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Traf"fic</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trafficked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trafficking</u> (?).] [F. <i>trafiquer</i>; cf. It. <i>trafficare</i>,
Sp. <i>traficar</i>, <i>trafagar</i>, Pg. <i>traficar</i>, <i>trafegar</i>,
<i>trafeguear</i>, LL. <i>traficare</i>; of uncertain origin, perhaps fr.
L. <i>trans</i> across, over + <i>-ficare</i> to make (see <u>-fy</u>, and
cf. G. <i>&uuml;bermachen</i> to transmit, send over, e. g., money, wares);
or cf. Pg. <i>trasfegar</i> to pour out from one vessel into another, OPg.
also, to traffic, perhaps fr. (assumed) LL. <i>vicare</i> to exchange, from
L. <i>vicis</i> change (cf. <u>Vicar</u>).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass
goods and commodities from one person to another for an equivalent in goods
or money; to buy or sell goods; to barter; to trade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To trade meanly or mercenarily; to
bargain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Traf"fic</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To exchange in traffic;
to effect by a bargain or for a consideration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Traf"fic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>trafic</i>, It.
<i>traffico</i>, Sp. <i>tr&aacute;fico</i>, <i>tr&aacute;fago</i>, Pg.
<i>tr&aacute;fego</i>, LL. <i>traficum</i>, <i>trafica</i>. See
<u>Traffic</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Commerce,
either by barter or by buying and selling; interchange of goods and
commodities; trade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A merchant of great <i>traffic</i> through the
world.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>traffic</i> in honors, places, and
pardons.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word, like <i>trade</i>, comprehends every species of
dealing in the exchange or passing of goods or merchandise from hand to
hand for an equivalent, unless the business of relating may be excepted. It
signifies appropriately foreign trade, but is not limited to that.</p>

<p><! p. 1526 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Commodities of the market.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You 'll see a draggled damsel<BR>
From Billingsgate her fishy <i>traffic</i> bear.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The business done upon a railway, steamboat
line, etc., with reference to the number of passengers or the amount of
freight carried.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Traffic return</b></col>, <cd>a periodical statement of the
receipts for goods and passengers, as on a railway line.</cd> --
<col><b>Traffic taker</b></col>, <cd>a computer of the returns of traffic
on a railway, steamboat line, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Traf"fic*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
disposed of in traffic; marketable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Traf"fick*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who traffics,
or carries on commerce; a trader; a merchant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Traf"fic*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of traffic,
or trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trag"a*canth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tragacanthum</i>
tragacanth, <i>tragacantha</i> the plant producing tragacanth, Gr. &?;  &?;
a he-goat + &?; a thorn: cf. F. <i>tragacanthe</i>.] <def>A kind of gum
procured from a spiny leguminous shrub (<i>Astragalus gummifer</i>) of
Western Asia, and other species of Astragalus. It comes in hard whitish or
yellowish flakes or filaments, and is nearly insoluble in water, but slowly
swells into a mucilaginous mass, which is used as a substitute for gum
arabic in medicine and the arts. Called also <i>gum
tragacanth</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*ge"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>trag&eacute;dien</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A writer of tragedy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thence what the lofty, grave, <i>tragedians</i>
taught.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An actor or player in tragedy.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tra`g&eacute;`dienne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
woman who plays in tragedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*ge"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like tragedy;
tragical.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Tragedious</i> history."  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trag"e*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tragedies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>tragedie</i>, OF. <i>tragedie</i>,
F. <i>trag&eacute;die</i>, L. <i>tragoedia</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a tragic
poet and singer, originally, a goat singer; &?; a goat (perhaps akin to &?;
to gnaw, nibble, eat, and E. <i>trout</i>) + &?; to sing; from the oldest
tragedies being exhibited when a goat was sacrificed, or because a goat was
the prize, or because the actors were clothed in goatskins. See
<u>Ode</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dramatic poem, composed in elevated style,
representing a signal action performed by some person or persons, and
having a fatal issue; that species of drama which represents the sad or
terrible phases of character and life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tragedy</i> is to say a certain storie,<BR>
As olde bookes maken us memorie,<BR>
Of him that stood in great prosperitee<BR>
And is yfallen out of high degree<BR>
Into misery and endeth wretchedly.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All our <i>tragedies</i> are of kings and
princes.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>tragedy</i> is poetry in its deepest earnest; comedy is
poetry in unlimited jest.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fatal and mournful event; any event in which
human lives are lost by human violence, more especially by unauthorized
violence.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trag"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Trag"ic*al</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[L. <i>tragicus</i>, Gr.&?;: cf. F. <i>tragique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to tragedy; of the nature or character of tragedy;
as, a <i>tragic</i> poem; a <i>tragic</i> play or representation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fatal to life; mournful; terrible; calamitous;
as, the <i>tragic</i> scenes of the French revolution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mournful; expressive of tragedy, the loss of
life, or of sorrow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why look you still so stern and <i>tragical</i>
?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Trag"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Trag"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trag"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
writer of tragedy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tragedy; a tragic drama.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trag`i-com"e*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tragicom&eacute;die</i>, L. <i>tragicocomoedia</i>. See <u>Tragic</u>,
and <u>Comedy</u>.] <def>A kind of drama representing some action in which
serious and comic scenes are blended; a composition partaking of the nature
both of tragedy and comedy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The noble <i>tragi-comedy</i> of  "Measure for
Measure."</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trag`i-com"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Trag`i-com"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tragi-comique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to tragi-comedy; partaking of grave and comic scenes.</def> -- <wf>Trag`-
com"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Julian felt toward him that <i>tragi-comic</i> sensation
which makes us pity the object which excites it not the less that we are
somewhat inclined to laugh amid our sympathy.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trag`i-com`i-pas"tor*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Partaking of the nature of, or combining, tragedy, comedy, and
pastoral poetry.</def> [R.]  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trag"o*pan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>tragopan</i> a fabulous Ethiopian bird, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of Asiatic pheasants of the genus
<i>Ceriornis</i>. They are brilliantly colored with a variety of tints, the
back and breast are usually covered with white or buff ocelli, and the head
is ornamented with two bright-colored, fleshy wattles. The crimson
tragopan, or horned pheasant (<i>C. satyra</i>), of India is one of the
best-known species.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tra"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a part of
the inner ear.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The prominence in front of the external
opening of the ear. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>T" rail`</hw> (?). <def>See under T.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trail</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trailed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trailing</u>.] [OE. <i>trailen</i>, OF. <i>trailler</i> to trail a deer,
or hunt him upon a cold scent, also, to hunt or pursue him with a
limehound, F. <i>trailler</i> to trail a fishing line; probably from a
derivative of L. <i>trahere</i> to draw; cf. L. <i>traha</i> a drag,
sledge, <i>tragula</i> a kind of drag net, a small sledge, Sp.
<i>trailla</i> a leash, an instrument for leveling the ground, D.
<i>treilen</i> to draw with a rope, to tow, <i>treil</i> a rope for drawing
a boat. See <u>Trace</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hunt by the track; to track.</def>
  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw or drag, as along the ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And hung his head, and <i>trailed</i> his legs
along.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They shall not <i>trail</i> me through their streets<BR>
Like a wild beast.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Long behind he <i>trails</i> his pompous robe.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To carry, as a firearm, with the
breech near the ground and the upper part inclined forward, the piece being
held by the right hand near the middle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To tread down, as grass, by walking through it;
to lay flat.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To take advantage of the ignorance of; to impose
upon.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I presently perceived she was (what is vernacularly termed)
<i>trailing</i> Mrs. Dent; that is, playing on her ignorance.</blockquote>
<i>C. Bronte.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trail</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be drawn out in length; to follow after.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When his brother saw the red blood
<i>trail</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grow to great length, especially when slender
and creeping upon the ground, as a plant; to run or climb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A track
left by man or beast; a track followed by the hunter; a scent on the ground
by the animal pursued; as, a deer <i>trail</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They traveled in the bed of the brook, leaving no dangerous
<i>trail</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How cheerfully on the false <i>trail</i> they
cry!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A footpath or road track through a wilderness or
wild region; as, an Indian <i>trail</i> over the plains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything drawn out to a length; as, the
<i>trail</i> of a meteor; a <i>trail</i> of smoke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When lightning shoots in glittering <i>trails</i>
along.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything drawn behind in long undulations; a
train.</def> "A radiant <i>trail</i> of hair."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Anything drawn along, as a vehicle.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A frame for trailing plants; a trellis.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The entrails of a fowl, especially of game, as
the woodcock, and the like; -- applied also, sometimes, to the entrails of
sheep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The woodcock is a favorite with epicures, and served with
its <i>trail</i> in, is a delicious dish.</blockquote> <i>Baird.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>That part of the stock of a gun
carriage which rests on the ground when the piece is unlimbered. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <i>Gun carriage</i>, under <u>Gun</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>The act of taking advantage of the ignorance of
a person; an imposition.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Trail boards</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>the carved
boards on both sides of the cutwater near the figurehead.</cd> --
<col><b>Trail net</b></col>, <cd>a net that is trailed or drawn behind a
boat.</cd>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trail"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
trails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trail"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> from
<u>Trail</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trailing arbutus</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Arbutus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Trailing spring</b></col>, <cd>a spring
fixed in the axle box of the trailing wheels of a locomotive engine, and so
placed as to assist in deadening any shock which may occur.</cd>
<i>Weale.</i> -- <col><b>Trailing wheel</b></col>, <cd>a hind wheel of a
locomotive when it is not a driving wheel; also, one of the hind wheels of
a carriage.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Train</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Training</u>.] [OF. <i>trahiner</i>, <i>tra&iuml;ner</i>,F.
<i>tra&icirc;ner</i>, LL. <i>trahinare</i>, <i>trainare</i>, fr. L.
<i>trahere</i> to draw. See <u>Trail</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw along; to trail; to drag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In hollow cube<BR>
<i>Training</i> his devilish enginery.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw by persuasion, artifice, or the like; to
attract by stratagem; to entice; to allure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If but a dozen French<BR>
Were there in arms, they would be as a call<BR>
To <i>train</i> ten thousand English to their side.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, <i>train</i> me not, sweet mermaid, with thy
note.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This feast, I'll gage my life,<BR>
Is but a plot to <i>train</i> you to your ruin.</blockquote>
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To teach and form by practice; to educate; to
exercise; to discipline; as, to <i>train</i> the militia to the manual
exercise; to <i>train</i> soldiers to the use of arms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>trained</i> bands, which are the trustiest and most
proper strength of a free nation.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The warrior horse here bred he's taught to
<i>train</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To break, tame, and accustom to draw, as
oxen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>To lead or direct, and form to a
wall or espalier; to form to a proper shape, by bending, lopping, or
pruning; as, to <i>train</i> young trees.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>trained</i> the young branches to the right hand or to
the left.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To trace, as a lode or any
mineral appearance, to its head.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To train a gun</b></col> <i>(Mil. &amp; Naut.)</i>, <cd>to point it
at some object either forward or else abaft the beam, that is, not directly
on the side.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>To train</b></col>, or
<col><b>To train up</b></col>, <cd>to educate; to teach; to form by
instruction or practice; to bring up.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Train up</i> a child in the way he should go; and when he
is old, he will not depart from it.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The first Christians were, by great hardships, <i>trained
up</i> for glory.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Train</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be
drilled in military exercises; to do duty in a military company.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To prepare by exercise, diet, instruction, etc.,
for any physical contest; as, to <i>train</i> for a boat race.</def></p>

<p><hw>Train</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>train</i>, OF.
<i>tra&iuml;n</i>, <i>trahin</i>; cf. (for some of the senses) F.
<i>traine</i>. See <u>Train</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which draws along; especially, persuasion, artifice, or
enticement; allurement.</def> [Obs.] "Now to my charms, and to my wily
<i>trains</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, something tied to a lure to entice a
hawk; also, a trap for an animal; a snare.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With cunning <i>trains</i> him to entrap un
wares.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is drawn along in the rear of, or
after, something; that which is in the hinder part or rear.</def>
Specifically : --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of a gown which trails behind the
wearer.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The after part of a gun carriage;
the trail.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The tail of a bird.</def> "The <i>train</i>
steers their flights, and turns their bodies, like the rudder of ship."
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A number of followers; a body of attendants; a
retinue; a suite.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king's daughter with a lovely <i>train</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>train</i> are men of choice and rarest
parts.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A consecution or succession of connected things;
a series.</def> "A <i>train</i> of happy sentiments."  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>train</i> of ills our love would draw behind
it.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rivers now<BR>
Stream and perpetual draw their humid <i>train</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Other truths require a <i>train</i> of ideas placed in
order.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Regular method; process; course; order; as,
things now in a <i>train</i> for settlement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If things were once in this <i>train</i>, . . . our duty
would take root in our nature.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The number of beats of a watch in any certain
time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A line of gunpowder laid to lead fire to a
charge, mine, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A connected line of cars or carriages on a
railroad.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A heavy, long sleigh used in Canada for the
transportation of merchandise, wood, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Rolling Mill)</i> <def>A roll train; as, a 12-
inch <i>train</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Roll train</b></col>, or <col><b>Train of rolls</b></col>
<i>(Rolling Mill)</i>, <cd>a set of plain or grooved rolls for rolling
metal into various forms by a series of consecutive operations.</cd> --
<col><b>Train mile</b></col> <i>(Railroads)</i>, <cd>a unit employed in
estimating running expenses, etc., being one of the total number of miles
run by all the trains of a road, or system of roads, as within a given
time, or for a given expenditure; -- called also <i>mile run</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Train of artillery</b></col>, <cd>any number of cannon, mortars,
etc., with the attendants and carriages which follow them into the
field.</cd> <i>Campbell (Dict. Mil. Sci.).</i> -- <col><b>Train of
mechanism</b></col>, <cd>a series of moving pieces, as wheels and pinions,
each of which is follower to that which drives it, and driver to that which
follows it.</cd> -- <col><b>Train road</b></col>, <cd>a slight railway for
small cars, -- used for construction, or in mining.</cd> -- <col><b>Train
tackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a tackle for running guns in and
out.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cars.  -- <u>Train</u>, <u>Cars</u>. <i>Train</i> is the
word universally used in England with reference to railroad traveling; as,
I came in the morning <i>train</i>. In the United States, the phrase <i>the
cars</i> has been extensively introduced in the room of <i>train</i>; as,
<i>the cars</i> are late; I came in <i>the cars</i>. The English expression
is obviously more appropriate, and is prevailing more and more among
Americans, to the exclusion of <i>the cars</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Train"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
trained or educated; as, boys <i>trainable</i> to virtue.</def>
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Train"band`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trainbands</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A band or company of an organized
military force instituted by James I. and dissolved by Charles II.; --
afterwards applied to the London militia.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He felt that, without some better protection than that of
the <i>trainbands</i> and Beefeaters, his palace and person would hardly be
secure.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>trainband</i> captain eke was he<BR>
Of famous London town.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Train"bear`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds up a
train, as of a robe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Train"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.] <def>A dragnet.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Train"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who trains; an instructor; especially, one who trains or prepares men,
horses, etc., for exercises requiring physical agility and
strength.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A militiaman when called out for exercise or
discipline.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Train"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who trains;
the act or process of exercising, disciplining, etc.; education.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fan training</b></col> <i>(Hort.)</i>, <cd>the operation of
training fruit trees, grapevines, etc., so that the branches shall radiate
from the stem like a fan.</cd> -- <col><b>Horizontal training</b></col>
<i>(Hort.)</i>, <cd>the operation of training fruit trees, grapevines,
etc., so that the branches shall spread out laterally in a horizontal
direction.</cd> -- <col><b>Training college</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Normal
school</i>, under <u>Normal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Training day</b></col>, <cd>a day on which a military company
assembles for drill or parade.</cd> [U. S.] -- <col><b>Training
ship</b></col>, <cd>a vessel on board of which boys are trained as
sailors.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Education</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Train" oil`</hw> (oil`). [D. or LG. <i>traan</i> train oil, blubber
(cf. Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>tran</i>, G. <i>thran</i>) + E. <i>oil</i>.] <def>Oil
procured from the blubber or fat of whales, by boiling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Train"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to train
oil.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Traipse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>trapsen</i>,
<i>trappsen</i>, <i>trappen</i>, to tread noisily, to walk stamping. See
<u>Trample</u>, <u>Trape</u>.] <def>To walk or run about in a slatternly,
careless, or thoughtless manner.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trais</hw> (?), <hw>Trays</hw>  }, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<def>Traces.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Four white bulls in the <i>trays</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trait</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>tractus</i>, fr.
<i>trahere</i> to draw. See <u>Trace</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Tract</u> a region, <u>Trace</u> a strap, <u>Tret</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stroke; a touch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By this single <i>trait</i> Homer makes an essential
difference between the Iliad and Odyssey.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A distinguishing or marked feature; a
peculiarity; as, a <i>trait</i> of character.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Formerly pronounced <i>tr&amacr;</i>, as in French, and still so
pronounced to some extent in England.</p>

<p><hw>||Trai`teur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The keeper of
an eating house, or restaurant; a restaurateur.</def>  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1527 !></p>

<p><hw>Trai"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>traitour</i>, OF.
<i>tra&iuml;tor</i>, <i>tra&iuml;teur</i>, F. <i>tre&icirc;tre</i>, L.
<i>traditor</i>, fr. <i>tradere</i>, <i>traditum</i>, to deliver, to give
up or surrender treacherously, to betray; <i>trans</i> across, over +
<i>dare</i> to give. See <u>Date</u> time, and cf.
<u>Betray</u>,<u>Tradition</u>, <u>Traditor</u>, <u>Treason</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who violates his allegiance and betrays his
country; one guilty of treason; one who, in breach of trust, delivers his
country to an enemy, or yields up any fort or place intrusted to his
defense, or surrenders an army or body of troops to the enemy, unless when
vanquished; also, one who takes arms and levies war against his country; or
one who aids an enemy in conquering his country. See
<u>Treason</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O passing <i>traitor</i>, perjured and unjust!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, one who betrays any confidence or trust;
a betrayer.</def> "This false <i>traitor</i> death."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trai"tor</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Traitorous.</def> [R.]
<i>Spenser. Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trai"tor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To act the traitor
toward; to betray; to deceive.</def> [Obs.] " But time, it <i>traitors</i>
me."  <i>Lithgow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trai"tor*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A traitress.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trai"tor*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a traitor;
treacherous; traitorous.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Traitorly</i> rascals."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trai"tor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tra&icirc;treux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Guilty of treason;
treacherous; perfidious; faithless; as, a <i>traitorous</i> officer or
subject.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting in treason; partaking of treason;
implying breach of allegiance; as, a <i>traitorous</i> scheme.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Trai"tor*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Trai"tor*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trai"tor*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Treachery.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trai"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>tra&icirc;tresse</i>.] <def>A woman who betrays her country or any
trust; a traitoress.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*ject"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trajected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trajecting</u>.] [L. <i>trajectus</i>, p. p. of <i>trajicere</i> to
throw across; <i>trans</i> across + <i>jacere</i> to throw. See <u>Jet</u>
a shooting forth.] <def>To throw or cast through, over, or across; as, to
<i>traject</i> the sun's light through three or more cross prisms.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Traj"ect</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trajectus</i>, fr.
<i>trajicere</i>: cf. F. <i>trajet</i>, OF. <i>traject</i>. See
<u>Traject</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place
for passing across; a passage; a ferry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cotgrave.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of trajecting; trajection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A trajectory.</def> [R.]  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*jec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trajectio</i> a
crossing over, transposition.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
trajecting; a throwing or casting through or across; also, emission.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Transposition.</def> [R.]
<i>Knatchbull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*ject"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trajectories</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>trajectoire</i>.] <def>The
curve which a body describes in space, as a planet or comet in its orbit,
or stone thrown upward obliquely in the air.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tra"jet</hw> (?), <hw>Tra"jet*our</hw> (?), <hw>Tra"jet*ry</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Treget</u>, <u>Tregetour</u>, and
<u>Tregetry</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tra*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tralatio</i>,
<i>translatio</i>.See <u>Translation</u>.] <def>The use of a word in a
figurative or extended sense; ametaphor; a trope.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tral`a*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Tralatitious</u>.] <def>A change, as in the use of words; a
metaphor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tral`a*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tralatitius</i>, <i>translatitius</i>, <i>tralaticius</i>,
<i>translaticius</i>. See <u>Tralation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Passed
along; handed down; transmitted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among biblical critics a <i>tralatitious</i> interpretation
is one received by expositor from expositor.</blockquote> <i>W.
Withington.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Metaphorical; figurative; not literal.</def>
<i>Stackhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tral`a*ti"tious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
tralatitious manner; metephorically.</def>  <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*lin"e*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>trans</i>
across + <i>linea</i> a line: cf. It <i>tralineare</i>, <i>tralignare</i>.]
<def>To deviate; to stray; to wander.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*lu"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Translucency; as,
the <i>tralucency</i> of a gem.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*lu"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tralucens</i>,
<i>translucens</i>, p. pr. See <u>Translucent</u>.] <def>Translucent.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The air's <i>tralucent</i> gallery.</blockquote> <i>Sir. J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>tram</i> a coal
wagon, the shaft of a cart or carriage, a beam or bar; probably of Scand,
origin; cf. OSw. <i>tr&aring;m</i>, <i>trum</i>, a beam, OD. <i>drom</i>,
Prov. &amp; OHG. <i>tram</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A four-wheeled truck
running on rails, and used in a mine, as for carrying coal or
ore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The shaft of a cart.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the rails of a tramway.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A car on a horse railroad.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Tram car</b></col>, <cd>a car made to run on a tramway,
especially a street railway car.</cd> -- <col><b>Tram plate</b></col>,
<cd>a flat piece of iron laid down as a rail.</cd> -- <col><b>Tram
pot</b></col> <i>(Milling)</i>, <cd>the step and support for the lower end
of the spindle of a millstone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tram</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>trama</i> weft, or F.
<i>trame</i>.] <def>A silk thread formed of two or more threads twisted
together, used especially for the weft, or cross threads, of the best
quality of velvets and silk goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tram"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To
wash, as tin ore, with a shovel in a frame fitted for the purpose.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tram"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tramail</i>,
<i>tr&eacute;mail</i>, a net, LL. <i>tremaculum</i>, <i>tremacle</i>, a
kind of net for taking fish; L. <i>tres</i> three + <i>macula</i> a mesh.
See <u>Three</u>, and <u>Mail</u> armor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of
net for catching birds, fishes, or other prey.</def>  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A net for confining a woman's hair.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of shackle used for regulating the
motions of a horse and making him amble.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Whatever impedes activity, progress, or
freedom, as a net or shackle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] disdain the <i>trammels</i> of any sordid
contract.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An iron hook of various forms and sizes, used
for handing kettles and other vessels over the fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument
for drawing ellipses, one part of which consists of a cross with two
grooves at right angles to each other, the other being a beam carrying two
pins (which slide in those grooves), and also the describing pencil.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A beam compass. See under <u>Beam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tram"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trammeled</u> (?) or <u>Trammelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Trammeling</u>, or <u>Trammelling</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To entangle, as in a net; to catch.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To confine; to hamper; to shackle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tram"meled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>Having
blazes, or white marks, on the fore and hind foot of one side, as if marked
by trammels; -- said of a horse.</def> [Written also
<i>trammelled</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tram"mel*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>trammeller</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who uses a trammel net.</def>
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, trammels or
restrains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tram"ming</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Silk Manuf.)</i>
<def>The act or process of forming trams. See 2d <u>Tram</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*mon"tane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>tramontain</i>,
It. <i>tramontano</i>, L. <i>transmontanus</i>; <i>trans</i> across, beyond
+ <i>mons</i>, <i>montis</i>, mountain.] <def>Lying or being beyond the
mountains; coming from the other side of the mountains; hence, foreign;
barbarous.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Italians sometimes use this epithet for <i>ultramontane</i>,
and apply it to the countries north of the Alps, as France and Germany, and
especially to their ecclesiastics, jurists, painters, etc.; and a north
wind is called a <i>tramontane</i> wind. The French lawyers call certain
Italian canonists <i>tramontane</i>, or <i>ultramontane</i>, doctors;
considering them as favoring too much the court of Rome. See
<u>Ultramontane</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Tra*mon"tane</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One living beyond the
mountains; hence, a foreigner; a stranger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tramp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tramped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tramping</u>.] [OE. <i>trampen</i>; akin to LG. <i>trampen</i>, G.
<i>trampeln</i>, LG. &amp; D. <i>trappen</i>, Dan. <i>trampe</i>, Sw. &amp; Icel.
<i>trampa</i>, Goth. ana<i>trimpan</i> to press upon; also to D.
<i>trap</i> a step, G. <i>treppe</i> steps, stairs.  Cf. <u>Trap</u> a kind
of rock, <u>Trape</u>, <u>Trip</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Tread</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tread upon forcibly and repeatedly; to
trample.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To travel or wander through; as, to <i>tramp</i>
the country.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cleanse, as clothes, by treading upon them in
water.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tramp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To travel; to wander; to
stroll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tramp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A foot
journey or excursion; as, to go on a <i>tramp</i>; a long
<i>tramp</i>.</def>  <i>Blackie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A foot traveler; a tramper; often used in a bad
sense for a vagrant or wandering vagabond.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The sound of the foot, or of feet, on the earth,
as in marching.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A tool for trimming hedges.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A plate of iron worn to protect the sole of the
foot, or the shoe, when digging with a spade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tramp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tramps; a
stroller; a vagrant or vagabond; a tramp.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tram"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trampled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trampling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>trampelen</i>, freq. of <i>trampen</i>. See
<u>Tramp</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To tread
under foot; to tread down; to prostrate by treading; as, to <i>trample</i>
grass or flowers.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither cast ye your pearls before swine, lest they
<i>trample</i> them under their feet.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To treat with contempt and insult.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tram"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
tread with force and rapidity; to stamp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tread in contempt; -- with <i>on</i> or
<i>upon</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Diogenes <i>trampled</i> on Plato's pride with greater of
his own.</blockquote> <i>Gov. of Tongue.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tram"ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of treading under
foot; also, the sound produced by trampling.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The huddling <i>trample</i> of a drove of
sheep.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tram"pler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tramples; one
who treads down; as, a <i>trampler</i> on nature's law.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tram*poose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Tramp</u>,
<u>Trample</u>, and <u>Traipse</u>.] <def>To walk with labor, or heavily;
to tramp.</def> [Law, U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tram"road`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tram</i> a coal wagon
+ <i>road</i>.] <def>A road prepared for easy transit of trams or wagons,
by forming the wheel tracks of smooth beams of wood, blocks of stone, or
plates of iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tram"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Same as <u>Tramroad</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A railway laid in the streets of a town or city,
on which cars for passengers or for freight are drawn by horses; a horse
railroad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tranare</i>,
<i>transnare</i>, to swim over; <i>trans</i> across, over + <i>nare</i> to
swim.] <def>The act of swimming over.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>transe</i> fright, in
OF. also, trance or swoon, fr. <i>transir</i> to chill, benumb, to be
chilled, to shiver, OF. also, to die, L. <i>transire</i> to pass over, go
over, pass away, cease; <i>trans</i> across, over + <i>ire</i> to go; cf.
L. <i>transitus</i> a passing over. See <u>Issue</u>, and cf.
<u>Transit</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tedious journey.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state in which the soul seems to have passed
out of the body into another state of being, or to be rapt into visions; an
ecstasy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he became very hungry, and would have eaten; but while
they made ready, he fell into a <i>trance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts. x.
10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul was ravished quite as in a
<i>trance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition, often simulating
death, in which there is a total suspension of the power of voluntary
movement, with abolition of all evidences of mental activity and the
reduction to a minimum of all the vital functions so that the patient lies
still and apparently unconscious of surrounding objects, while the
pulsation of the heart and the breathing, although still present, are
almost or altogether imperceptible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He fell down in a <i>trance</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tranced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Trancing</u> (?).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To entrance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And three I left him <i>tranced</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass over or across; to traverse.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Trance</i> the world over.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When thickest dark did <i>trance</i> the sky.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trance</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass; to
travel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tran"ect</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Traject</u>.] <def>A
ferry.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran"gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trangrain</i> a
strange thing, <i>trangame</i> a toy. See <u>Tangram</u>.] <def>Something
intricately contrived; a contrived; a puzzle.</def> [Cant &amp; Obs.]
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
treenail.</def> [R.]  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran"quil</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tranquillus</i>;
probably fr. <i>trans</i> across, over + a word akin to <i>quietus</i>
quiet: cf. F. <i>tranquille</i>. See <u>Quiet</u>.] <def>Quiet; calm;
undisturbed; peaceful; not agitated; as, the atmosphere is <i>tranquil</i>;
the condition of the country is <i>tranquil</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A style clear, <i>tranquil</i>, easy to follow.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tran`quil*i*za"tion</hw>, <hw>Tran`quil*li*za"tion</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of tranquilizing, or the state of being
tranquilized.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Tran"quil*ize</hw>, <hw>Tran"quil*lize</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Tranquilized</u> (?) or
<u>Tranquilliized</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tranquilizing</u> (?) or <u>Tranquillizing</u>.] [Cf. F.
<i>tranquilliser</i>.] <def>To render tranquil; to allay when agitated; to
compose; to make calm and peaceful; as, to <i>tranquilize</i> a state
disturbed by factions or civil commotions; to <i>tranquilize</i> the
mind.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To quiet; compose; still; soothe; appease; calm;
pacify.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tran"quil*i`zer</hw>, <hw>Tran"quil*li`zer</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which, tranquilizes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tran"quil*i`zing</hw>, <hw>Tran"quil*li`zing</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making tranquil; calming.</def> " The
<i>tranquilizing</i> power of time." <i>Wordsworth.</i> --
<wf>Tran"quil*i`zing*ly</wf> <pos><i>or</i></pos>
<wf>Tran"quil*li`zing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tran*quil"li*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>tranquillit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>tranquillitas</i>.] <def>The quality or
state of being tranquil; calmness; composure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran"quil*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tranquil
manner; calmly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran"quil*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being tranquil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans-</hw> (?). [L. <i>trans</i> across, over.] <def>A prefix,
signifying <i>over</i>, <i>beyond</i>, <i>through and through</i>, <i>on
the other side</i>, as in <i>trans</i>alpine, beyond the Alps;
<i>trans</i>form, to form through and through, that is, anew,
<i>trans</i>figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transacted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transacting</u>.] [L. <i>transactus</i>, p. p. of <i>transigere</i>. See
<u>Transaction</u>.] <def>To carry through; to do; perform; to manage; as,
to <i>transact</i> commercial business; to <i>transact</i> business by an
agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*act"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To conduct matters; to
manage affairs.</def> [R.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*ac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>transactio</i>,
fr. <i>transigere</i>, <i>transactum</i>, to drive through, carry through,
accomplish, transact; <i>trans</i> across, over + <i>agere</i> to drive;
cf. F. <i>transaction</i>. See <u>Act</u>, <u>Agent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The doing or performing of any business; management
of any affair; performance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is done; an affair; as, the
<i>transactions</i> on the exchange.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>An adjustment of a dispute
between parties by mutual agreement.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Transaction of a society</b></col>, <cd>the published record of
what it has done or accomplished.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Proceeding; action; process.  -- <u>Transaction</u>,
<u>Proceeding</u>. A <i>transaction</i> is something already done and
completed; a <i>proceeding</i> is either something which is now going on,
or, if ended, is still contemplated with reference to its <i>progress</i>
or successive stages.</p>

<p>&fist; " We the word <i>proceeding</i> in application to an affray in
the street, and the word <i>transaction</i> to some commercial negotiation
that has been carried on between certain persons. The <i>proceeding</i>
marks the manner of <i>proceeding</i>, as when we speak of the
<i>proceedings</i> in a court of law. The <i>transaction</i> marks the
business <i>transacted</i>; as, the <i>transactions</i> on the Exchange."
<i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*act"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
transacts, performs, or conducts any business.</def>  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*al"pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transalpinus</i>; <i>trans</i> across, beyond + <i>Alpinus</i> Alpine,
from <i>Alpes</i> the Alps: cf. F. <i>transalpin</i>.] <def>Being on the
farther side of the Alps in regard to Rome, that is, on the north or west
side of the Alps; of or pertaining to the region or the people beyond the
Alps; as, <i>transalpine</i> Gaul; -- opposed to <i>cisalpine</i>.</def> "
<i>Transalpine garbs</i>."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*al"pine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant
of a country beyond the Alps, that is, out of Italy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*an"i*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transanimated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transanimating</u>.] [<i>Trans-</i> + <i>animate</i>.] <def>To animate
with a soul conveyed from another body.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. J. King
(1608).</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*an`i*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transanimation</i>.] <def>The conveyance of a soul from one body to
another.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans`at*lan"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i>
+ <i>Atlantic</i>: cf. F. <i>transatlantique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Lying or being beyond the Atlantic Ocean.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When used by a person in Europe or Africa, <i>transatlantic</i>
signifies being in America; when by a person in America, it denotes being
or lying in Europe or Africa, especially the former.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Crossing the Atlantic Ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*au"di*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Trans-</u>,
and <u>Audient</u>.] <def>Permitting the passage of sound.</def> [R.]
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*ca"len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being transcalent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*ca"lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i> +
L. <i>calens</i>, p. pr. of <i>calere</i> to grow warm.] <def>Pervious to,
or permitting the passage of, heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*scend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transcended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transcending</u>.] [L. <i>transcendere</i>, <i>transcensum</i>;
<i>trans</i> beyond, over + <i>scandere</i> to climb. See <u>Scan</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rise above; to surmount; as, lights in the
heavens <i>transcending</i> the region of the clouds.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass over; to go beyond; to exceed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such popes as shall <i>transcend</i> their
limits.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1528 !></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To surpass; to outgo; to excel; to
exceed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How much her worth <i>transcended</i> all her
kind.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*scend"</hw> (tr&abreve;n*s&cr;nd"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To climb; to mount.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be transcendent; to excel.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tran*scend"ence</hw> (-<i>e</i>ns), <hw>Tran*scend"en*cy</hw> (-
<i>e</i>n*s&ybreve;), }[Cf. L. <i>transcendentia</i>, F.
<i>transcendance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being transcendent; superior excellence; supereminence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Augustinian theology rests upon the <i>transcendence</i>
of Deity at its controlling principle.</blockquote> <i>A. V. G.
Allen.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Elevation above truth; exaggeration.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"Where <i>transcendencies</i> are more
allowed."</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*scend"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transcendens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>transcendere</i> to
transcend: cf. F. <i>transcendant</i>, G. <i>transcendent</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very excellent; superior or supreme in excellence;
surpassing others; as, <i>transcendent</i> worth; <i>transcendent</i>
valor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Clothed with <i>transcendent</i> brightness.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Kantian Philos.)</i> <def>Transcending, or
reaching beyond, the limits of human knowledge; -- applied to affirmations
and speculations concerning what lies beyond the reach of the human
intellect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*scend"ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which surpasses
or is supereminent; that which is very excellent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran`scen*den"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transcendantal</i>, G. <i>transcendental</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Supereminent; surpassing others; as, <i>transcendental</i> being or
qualities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>In the Kantian system, of or
pertaining to that which can be determined <i>a priori</i> in regard to the
fundamental principles of all human knowledge. What is
<i>transcendental</i>, therefore, transcends empiricism; but is does not
transcend all human knowledge, or become <i>transcendent</i>. It simply
signifies the <i>a priori</i> or necessary conditions of experience which,
though affording the conditions of experience, transcend the sphere of that
contingent knowledge which is acquired by experience.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Vaguely and ambitiously extravagant in
speculation, imagery, or diction.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In mathematics, a quantity is said to be <i>transcendental</i>
relative to another quantity when it is expressed as a transcendental
function of the latter; thus, <i>a</i><sup>x</sup>, 10<sup>2x</sup>, log
<i>x</i>, sin <i>x</i>, tan <i>x</i>, etc., are <i>transcendental</i>
relative to <i>x</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Transcendental curve</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a curve in
which one ordinate is a transcendental function of the other.</cd> --
<col><b>Transcendental equation</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>an equation
into which a transcendental function of one of the unknown or variable
quantities enters.</cd> -- <col><b>Transcendental function</b></col>.
<i>(Math.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Function</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Transcendental</u>, <u>Empirical</u>.  These terms,
with the corresponding nouns, <i>transcendentalism</i> and
<i>empiricism</i>, are of comparatively recent origin. <i>Empirical</i>
refers to knowledge which is gained by the experience of actual phenomena,
without reference to the principles or laws to which they are to be
referred, or by which they are to be explained. <i>Transcendental</i> has
reference to those beliefs or principles which are not derived from
experience, and yet are absolutely necessary to make experience possible or
useful. Such, in the better sense of the term, is the <i>transcendental</i>
philosophy, or <i>transcendentalism</i>.  Each of these words is also used
in a bad sense, <i>empiricism</i> applying to that one-sided view of
knowledge which neglects or loses sight of the truths or principles
referred to above, and trusts to experience alone;
<i>transcendentalism</i>, to the opposite extreme, which, in its
deprecation of experience, loses sight of the relations which facts and
phenomena sustain to principles, and hence to a kind of philosophy, or a
use of language, which is vague, obscure, fantastic, or extravagant.</p>

<p><hw>Tran`scen*den"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
transcendentalist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tran`scen*den"tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transcendantalisme</i>, G. <i>transcendentalismus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Kantian Philos.)</i> <def>The transcending, or going
beyond, empiricism, and ascertaining <i>a priori</i> the fundamental
principles of human knowledge.</def></p>

<p>&fist; As Schelling and Hegel claim to have discovered the absolute
identity of the objective and subjective in human knowledge, or of things
and human conceptions of them, the Kantian distinction between
<i>transcendent</i> and <i>transcendental</i> ideas can have no place in
their philosophy; and hence, with them, transcendentalism claims to have a
true knowledge of all things, material and immaterial, human and divine, so
far as the mind is capable of knowing them. And in this sense the word
<i>transcendentalism</i> is now most used. It is also sometimes used for
that which is vague and illusive in philosophy.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ambitious and imaginative vagueness in thought,
imagery, or diction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran`scen*den"tal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transcendantaliste</i>.] <def>One who believes in
transcendentalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran`scen*den*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being transcendental.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran`scen*den"tal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
transcendental manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*scend"ent*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
transcendent manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*scend"ent*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Transcendence</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*scen"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Transcend</u>.] <def>The act of transcending, or surpassing; also,
passage over.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans"co*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transcolated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transcolating</u>.] [Pref. <i>trans-</i> + L. <i>colare</i>,
<i>colatum</i>, to filter, to strain.] <def>To cause to pass through a
sieve or colander; to strain, as through a sieve.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans`co*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
transcolating, or state of being transcolated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*con`ti*nen"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-
</i> + <i>continental</i>.] <def>Extending or going across a continent; as,
a <i>transcontinental</i> railroad or journey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*cor"po*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-
</i> + <i>corporate</i>.] <def>To transmigrate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*scrib"bler</hw> (tr&abreve;n*skr&ibreve;b"bl&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A transcriber; -- used in contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Aristotle] has suffered vastly from the
<i>transcribblers</i>, as all authors of great brevity necessarily
must.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*scribe"</hw> (tr&abreve;n*skr&imacr;b"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Transcribed</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Transcribing</u>.] [L.
<i>transcribere</i>, <i>transcriptum</i>; <i>trans</i> across, over +
<i>scribere</i> to write. See <u>Scribe</u>.] <def>To write over again, or
in the same words; to copy; as, to <i>transcribe</i> Livy or Tacitus; to
<i>transcribe</i> a letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*scrib"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
transcribes, or writes from a copy; a copier; a copyist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran"script</hw> (tr&abreve;n"skr&ibreve;pt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>transcriptum</i>, neut. of <i>transcriptus</i>, p. p. of
<i>transcribere</i>. See <u>Transcribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which has been transcribed; a writing or composition consisting of the same
words as the original; a written copy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The decalogue of Moses was but a
<i>transcript</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A copy of any kind; an imitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Grecian learning was but a <i>transcript</i> of the
Chaldean and Egyptian.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*scrip"tion</hw> (tr&abreve;n*skr&ibreve;p"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>transcription</i>, L. <i>transcriptio</i> a
transfer.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of transcribing, or
copying; as, corruptions creep into books by repeated
<i>transcriptions</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A copy; a transcript.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An arrangement of a composition
for some other instrument or voice than that for which it was originally
written, as the translating of a song, a vocal or instrumental quartet, or
even an orchestral work, into a piece for the piano; an adaptation; an
arrangement; -- a name applied by modern composers for the piano to a more
or less fanciful and ornate reproduction on their own instrument of a song
or other piece not originally intended for it; as, Liszt's
<i>transcriptions</i> of songs by Schubert.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*scrip"tive</hw> (-t&ibreve;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Done
as from a copy; having the style or appearance of a transcription.</def>
[R.] -- <wf>Tran*scrip"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*cur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transcurrere</i>, <i>transcursum</i>; <i>trans</i> across, over +
<i>currere</i> to run.] <def>To run or rove to and fro.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*cur"rence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transcurrens</i>, p. pr. of <i>transcurrere</i>.] <def>A roving hither
and thither.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*cur"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>transcursio</i> a passing over. See <u>Transcur</u>.] <def>A rambling or
ramble; a passage over bounds; an excursion.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*di"a*lect</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-
</i> + <i>dialect</i>.] <def>To change or translate from one dialect into
another.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transducere</i>, <i>traducere</i>, <i>-dictum</i>, to lead across or
over. See <u>Traduce</u>.] <def>The act of conveying over.</def> [R.]
<i>Entick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Transe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Trance</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Trans*el"e*ment</hw> (?), <hw>Trans*el`e*men"tate</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i> element.] <def>To change or
transpose the elements of; to transubstantiate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*el`e*men*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>trans&eacute;l&eacute;mentation</i>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>Transubstantiation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tran"senne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A transom.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tran"sept</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i> + L.
<i>septum</i> an inclosure. See <u>Septum</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The
transversal part of a church, which crosses at right angles to the greatest
length, and between the nave and choir. In the basilicas, this had often no
projection at its two ends. In Gothic churches these project these project
greatly, and should be called the <i>arms</i> of the transept. It is
common, however, to speak of the arms themselves as the
<i>transepts</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*sex"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i> +
L. <i>sexus</i> sex.] <def>Change of sex.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fem"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-
</i> + L. <i>femina</i> woman.] <def>To change into a woman, as a
man.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transferred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transferring</u>.] [L. <i>transferre</i>; <i>trans</i> across, over +
<i>ferre</i> to bear: cf. F. <i>transf&eacute;rer</i>. See <u>Bear</u> to
carry.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convey from one place or person another;
to transport, remove, or cause to pass, to another place or person; as, to
<i>transfer</i> the laws of one country to another; to <i>transfer</i>
suspicion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make over the possession or control of; to
pass; to convey, as a right, from one person to another; to give; as, the
title to land is <i>transferred</i> by deed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remove from one substance or surface to
another; as, to <i>transfer</i> drawings or engravings to a lithographic
stone.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To sell; give; alienate; estrange; sequester.</p>

<p><hw>Trans"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of transferring, or the state of being transferred; the removal or
conveyance of a thing from one place or person to another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The conveyance of right, title, or
property, either real or personal, from one person to another, whether by
sale, by gift, or otherwise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall here only consider it as a <i>transfer</i> of
property.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is transferred.</def> Specifically: -
-</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A picture, or the like, removed from one body
or ground to another, as from wood to canvas, or from one piece of canvas
to another.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A drawing or writing printed off from one
surface on another, as in ceramics and in many decorative arts.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A soldier removed from one troop,
or body of troops, and placed in another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A pathological process by virtue
of which a unilateral morbid condition on being abolished on one side of
the body makes its appearance in the corresponding region upon the other
side.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Transfer day</b></col>, <cd>one of the days fixed by the Bank of
England for the transfer, free of charge, of bank stock and government
funds. These days are the first five business days in the week before three
o'clock.  Transfers may be made on Saturdays on payment of a fee of 2s.
6d.</cd> <i>Bithell.</i> -- <col><b>Transfer office</b></col>, <cd>an
office or department where transfers of stocks, etc., are made.</cd> --
<col><b>Transfer paper</b></col>, <cd>a prepared paper used by draughtsmen,
engravers, lithographers, etc., for transferring impressions.</cd> --
<col><b>Transfer table</b></col>. <i>(Railroad)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Traverse
table</i>. See under <u>Traverse</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fer`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being transferable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fer"a*ble</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transf&eacute;rable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being
transferred or conveyed from one place or person to another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Negotiable, as a note, bill of exchange, or
other evidence of property, that may be conveyed from one person to another
by indorsement or other writing; capable of being transferred with no loss
of value; as, the stocks of most public companies are <i>transferable</i>;
some tickets are not <i>transferable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans`fer*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The person to whom
a transfer in made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans"fer*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
transferring; conveyance; passage; transfer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans`fer*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Transfer</i>
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The act or process of copying inscriptions, or the
like, by making transfers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fer"rence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Transference</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fer"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes a
transfer or conveyance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fer"ri*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being transferred; transferable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fig"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
transfigure; to transform.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans*fig`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transfiguratio</i>: cf. <i>transfiguration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A change of form or appearance; especially, the supernatural change in
the personal appearance of our Savior on the mount.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A feast held by some branches of
the Christian church on the 6th of August, in commemoration of the
miraculous change above mentioned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fig"ure</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Transfigured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transfiguring</u>.] [F. <i>transfigurer</i>, L. <i>transfigurare</i>,
<i>transfiguratum</i>; <i>trans</i> across, over + <i>figurare</i> to form,
shape. See <u>Figure</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To change the outward form or appearance of; to metamorphose; to
transform.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, to change to something exalted and
glorious; to give an ideal form to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Jesus] was <i>transfigured</i> before them; and his face
did shine as the sun, and his raiment was white as the light.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xvii. 2.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transfixed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transfixing</u>.] [L. <i>transfixus</i>, p. p. of <i>transfigure</i> to
transfix; <i>trans</i> across, through + <i>figere</i> to fix, fasten. See
<u>Fix</u>.] <def>To pierce through, as with a pointed weapon; to impale;
as, to <i>transfix</i> one with a dart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fix"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
transfixing, or the state of being transfixed, or pierced.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans"flu*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i> +
<i>fluent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Flowing or running across or
through; as, a <i>transfluent</i> stream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Passing or flowing through a
bridge; -- said of water.</def>  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans"flux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i> +
<i>flux</i>.] <def>A flowing through, across, or beyond.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans"fo*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transforatus</i>, p. p. of <i>transforare</i> to pierce through;
<i>trans</i> through + <i>forare</i> to bore.] <def>To bore through; to
perforate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transformed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transforming</u>.] [L. <i>transformare</i>, <i>transformatum</i>;
<i>trans</i> across, over + <i>formare</i> to from: cf. F.
<i>transformer</i>. See <u>Form</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To change the form of; to change in shape or
appearance; to metamorphose; as, a caterpillar is ultimately
<i>transformed</i> into a butterfly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Love may <i>transform</i> me to an oyster.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change into another substance; to transmute;
as, the alchemists sought to <i>transform</i> lead into gold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To change in nature, disposition, heart,
character, or the like; to convert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be ye <i>transformed</i> by the renewing of your
mind.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>To change, as an algebraic
expression or geometrical figure, into another from without altering its
value.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*form"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be changed in
form; to be metamorphosed.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His hair <i>transforms</i> to down.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*form"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being transformed or changed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans`for*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transformatio</i>: cf. <i>transformation</i>.] <def>The act of
transforming, or the state of being transformed; change of form or
condition.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Any change in an organism which
alters its general character and mode of life, as in the development of the
germ into the embryo, the egg into the animal, the larva into the insect
(metamorphosis), etc.; also, the change which the histological units of a
tissue are prone to undergo. See <u>Metamorphosis</u>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Change of one from of
material into another, as in assimilation; metabolism;
metamorphosis.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Alchemy)</i> <def>The imagined possible or
actual change of one metal into another; transmutation.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A change in disposition, heart,
character, or the like; conversion.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The change, as of an equation or
quantity, into another form without altering the value.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*form"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transformatif</i>.] <def>Having power, or a tendency, to
transform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*form"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, transforms. Specif. <i>(Elec.)</i>, an apparatus for producing from
a given electrical current another current of different voltage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*form"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>transformisme</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The hypothesis, or doctrine,
that living beings have originated by the modification of some other
previously existing forms of living matter; -- opposed to
<i>abiogenesis</i>.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1529 !></p>

<p><hw>Trans*freight"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
transfrete.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans`fre*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transfretatio</i>. See <u>Transfrete</u>.] <def>The act of passing over
a strait or narrow sea.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*frete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transfretare</i>; <i>trans</i> across, over + <i>fretum</i> a strait:
cf. OF. <i>transfreter</i>.] <def>To pass over a strait or narrow
sea.</def> [Written also <i>transfreight</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>E. Hall.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trans"fuge</hw> (?), <hw>Trans*fu"gi*tive</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>transfuga</i>; <i>trans</i> across, over +
<i>fugere</i> to flee.] <def>One who flees from one side to another; hence,
a deserter; a turncoat; an apostate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans*fund"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transfundere</i>; <i>trans</i> over, across + <i>fundere</i> to pour,
pour out. See <u>Found</u> to cast, and cf. <u>Transfuse</u>.] <def>To pour
from one vessel into another; to transfuse.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transfused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transfusing</u>.] [L. <i>transfusus</i>, p. p. of <i>transfundere</i>:
cf. F. <i>transfuser</i>. See <u>Transfund</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
pour, as liquid, out of one vessel into another; to transfer by
pouring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To transfer, as blood, from the
veins or arteries of one man or animal to those of another.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to pass from to another; to cause to be
instilled or imbibed; as, to <i>transfuse</i> a spirit of patriotism into a
man; to <i>transfuse</i> a love of letters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Into thee such virtue and grace<BR>
Immense I have <i>transfused</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fu"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
transfused; transferable by transfusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fu"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>transfusio</i>:
cf. F. <i>transfusion</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of transfusing,
or pouring, as liquor, out of one vessel into another.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act or operation of
transferring the blood of one man or animal into the vascular system of
another; also, the introduction of any fluid into the blood vessels, or
into a cavity of the body from which it can readily be adsorbed into the
vessels; intrafusion; as, the peritoneal <i>transfusion</i> of
milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*fu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to
transfuse; having power to transfuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*gress"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transgressed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transgressing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>transgresser</i>. See
<u>Transgression</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass over or beyond; to
surpass.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Surpassing common faith, <i>transgressing</i> nature's
law.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to overpass, as any prescribed as the
&?;imit of duty; to break or violate, as a law, civil or moral.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For man will hearken to his glozing lies,<BR>
And easily <i>transgress</i> the sole command.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To offend against; to vex.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Why give you peace to this imperate beast<BR>
That hath so long <i>transgressed</i> you ?</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*gress"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To offend against
the law; to sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>transgressed</i> in the thing accursed.</blockquote>
<i>I Chron. ii. 7.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*gres"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transgressio</i> a going across, going over, transgression of the law,
from <i>transgredi</i>, <i>transgressus</i>, to step across, go over;
<i>trans</i> over, across + <i>gradi</i> to step, walk: cf. F.
<i>transgression</i>. See <u>Grade</u>.] <def>The act of transgressing, or
of passing over or beyond any law, civil or moral; the violation of a law
or known principle of rectitude; breach of command; fault; offense; crime;
sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forgive thy people . . . all their <i>transgressions</i>
wherein they have transgressed against thee.</blockquote> <i>I Kings viii.
50.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What rests, but that the mortal sentence pass<BR>
On his <i>transgression</i>, death denounced that day ?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>transgression</i> is in the stealer.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fault; offense; crime; infringement; misdemeanor;
misdeed; affront; sin.</p>

<p><hw>Trans*gres"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of pertaining
to transgression; involving a transgression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*gress"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>transgressivus</i> passing over into another class. F.
<i>transgressif</i>.] <def>Disposed or tending to transgress; faulty;
culpable. -</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*gress"ive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Adam, perhaps, . . . from the <i>transgressive</i>
infirmities of himself, might have erred alone.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*gress"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.: cf. F.
<i>transgresseur</i>.] <def>One who transgresses; one who breaks a law, or
violates a command; one who violates any known rule or principle of
rectitude; a sinner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The way of <i>transgressors</i> is hard.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xiii. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*shape"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
transshape.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Webster (1623).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*ship"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Transship</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*ship"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Transshipment</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*hu"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i> +
<i>human</i>.] <def>More than human; superhuman.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Words may not tell of that <i>transhuman</i>
change.</blockquote> <i>H. F. Cary.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*hu"man*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make more
than human; to purity; to elevate above humanity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Souls purified by sorrow and self-denial,
<i>transhumanized</i> to the divine abstraction of pure
contemplation.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tran"sience</hw> (?), <hw>Tran"sien*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being transient;
transientness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran"sient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>transiens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>transire</i>, <i>transitum</i>, to go or pass over.
See <u>Trance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Passing before the sight or
perception, or, as it were, moving over or across a space or scene viewed,
and then disappearing; hence, of short duration; not permanent; not lasting
or durable; not stationary; passing; fleeting; brief; transitory; as,
<i>transient</i> pleasure.</def> "Measured this <i>transient</i> world."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hasty; momentary; imperfect; brief; as, a
<i>transient</i> view of a landscape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Staying for a short time; not regular or
permanent; as, a <i>transient</i> guest; <i>transient</i> boarders.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Transient</u>, <u>Transitory</u>, <u>Fleeting</u>.
<i>Transient</i> represents a thing as brief at the best;
<i>transitory</i>, as liable at any moment to pass away. <i>Fleeting</i>
goes further, and represents it as in the act of taking its flight. Life is
<i>transient</i>; its joys are <i>transitory</i>; its hours are
<i>fleeting</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>What is loose love? A <i>transient</i> gust.</blockquote>
<i>Pope</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If [we love] <i>transitory</i> things, which soon decay,<BR>
Age must be loveliest at the latest day.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>fleeting</i> joys<BR>
Of Paradise, dear bought with lasting woes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Tran"sient*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tran"sient*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tran"sient</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which remains but
for a brief time.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tran*sil"i*ence</hw> (?), <hw>Tran*sil"i*en*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>transiliens</i>, p. pr. of <i>transilire</i> to
leap across or over; <i>trans</i> across, over + <i>salire</i> to leap.]
<def>A leap across or from one thing to another.</def> [R.] "An unadvised
<i>transiliency</i>."  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Trans*i"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>transire</i> to
pass through or across, to pass.] <i>(End. Law)</i> <def>A customhouse
clearance for a coasting vessel; a permit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>transitus</i>, from
<i>transire</i> to go over: cf. F. <i>transit</i>. See <u>Transient</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of passing; passage through or
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In France you are now . . . in the <i>transit</i> from one
form of government to another.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of causing to pass;
conveyance; as, the <i>transit</i> of goods through a country.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A line or route of passage or conveyance; as,
the Nicaragua <i>transit</i>.</def>  <i>E. G. Squier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The passage
of a heavenly body over the meridian of a place, or through the field of a
telescope.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The passage of a smaller body
across the disk of a larger, as of Venus across the sun's disk, or of a
satellite or its shadow across the disk of its primary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An instrument resembling a theodolite, used by
surveyors and engineers; -- called also <i>transit compass</i>, and
<i>surveyor's transit</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The surveyor's transit differs from the theodolite in having the
horizontal axis attached directly to the telescope which is not mounted in
<universbold>Y</universbold>'s and can be turned completely over about the
axis.</p>

<p><col><b>Lower transit</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the passage of a
heavenly body across that part of the meridian which is below the polar
axis.</cd> -- <col><b>Surveyor's transit</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Transit</u>,
5, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Transit circle</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a
transit instrument with a graduated circle attached, used for observing the
time of transit and the declination at one observation. See <u>Circle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Transit compass</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Transit</u>, 5, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Transit duty</b></col>, <cd>a
duty paid on goods that pass through a country.</cd> -- <col><b>Transit
instrument</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A telescope
mounted at right angles to a horizontal axis, on which it revolves with its
line of collimation in the plane of the meridian, -- used in connection
with a clock for observing the time of transit of a heavenly body over the
meridian of a place.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Surv.)</i> <cd>A
surveyor's transit. See <u>Transit</u>, 5, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Transit
trade</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>the business conected with the passage
of goods through a country to their destination.</cd> -- <col><b>Upper
transit</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the passage of a heavenly body
across that part of the meridian which is above the polar axis.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trans"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>To pass
over the disk of (a heavenly body).</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>transitio</i>:
cf. F. <i>transition</i>. See <u>Transient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Passage from one place or state to another; charge; as, the
<i>transition</i> of the weather from hot to cold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no death, what seems so is
<i>transition</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A direct or indirect passing from
one key to another; a modulation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A passing from one subject to
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] with <i>transition</i> sweet, new speech
resumes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Change from one form to
another.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is sometimes pronounced <i>tran*sish"un</i>; but
according to Walker, Smart, and most other authorities, the customary and
preferable pronunciation is <i>tran*sizh"un</i>, although this latter mode
violates analogy. Other authorities say <i>tran*zish"un</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Transition rocks</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>a term formerly
applied to the lowest uncrystalline stratified rocks (graywacke) supposed
to contain no fossils, and so called because thought to have been formed
when the earth was passing from an uninhabitable to a habitable
state.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tran*si"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to transition; involving or denoting transition; as, <i>transitional</i>
changes; <i>transitional</i> stage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*si"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Transitional.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran"si*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>transitivus</i>:
cf. F. <i>transitif</i>. See <u>Transient</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the power of making a transit, or passage.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Effected by transference of
signification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By far the greater part of the <i>transitive</i> or
derivative applications of words depend on casual and unaccountable
caprices of the feelings or the fancy.</blockquote> <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Passing over to an object;
expressing an action which is not limited to the agent or subject, but
which requires an object to complete the sense; as, a <i>transitive</i>
verb, for example, he <i>holds</i> the book.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Tran"si*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tran"si*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tran"si*to*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
transitory manner; with brief continuance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran"si*to*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being transitory; speedy passage or departure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran"si*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transitorius</i>: cf. F. <i>transitoire</i>. See <u>Transient</u>.]
<def>Continuing only for a short time; not enduring; fleeting;
evanescent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Comfort and succor all those who, in this <i>transitory</i>
life, are in trouble.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was not the <i>transitory</i> light of a comet, which
shines and glows for a wile, and then . . . vanishes into
nothing.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Transitory action</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an action which
may be brought in any county, as actions for debt, and the like; -- opposed
to <i>local action</i>.</cd>  <i>Blackstone. Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- transient; short-lived; brief. See <u>Transient</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Trans*lat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
translated, or rendered into another language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*late"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Translated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Translating</u>.] [f. <i>translatus</i>, used as p. p. of
<i>transferre</i> to transfer, but from a different root. See <u>Trans-
</u>, and <u>Tolerate</u>, and cf. <u>Translation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bear, carry, or remove, from one place to another; to transfer; as,
to <i>translate</i> a tree.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the chapel of St. Catharine of Sienna, they show her
head- the rest of her body being <i>translated</i> to Rome.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change to another condition, position, place,
or office; to transfer; hence, to remove as by death.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remove to heaven without a natural
death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By faith Enoch was <i>translated</i>, that he should not see
death; and was not found, because God had
<i>translated</i>him.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xi. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>To remove, as a bishop, from one
see to another.</def> "Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, when the king would
have <i>translated</i> him from that poor bishopric to a better, . . .
refused."  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To render into another language; to express the
sense of in the words of another language; to interpret; hence, to explain
or recapitulate in other words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Translating</i> into his own clear, pure, and flowing
language, what he found in books well known to the world, but too bulky or
too dry for boys and girls.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To change into another form; to
transform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Happy is your grace,<BR>
That can <i>translate</i>the stubbornness of fortune<BR>
Into so quiet and so sweet a style.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To cause to remove from one part
of the body to another; as, to <i>translate</i> a disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To cause to lose senses or recollection; to
entrance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a translation;
to be engaged in translation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>translation</i>,
L. <i>translatio</i> a transferring, translation, version. See
<u>Translate</u>, and cf. <u>Tralation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of translating, removing, or transferring; removal; also, the state of
being translated or removed; as, the <i>translation</i> of Enoch; the
<i>translation</i> of a bishop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of rendering into another language;
interpretation; as, the <i>translation</i> of idioms is
difficult.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is obtained by translating something
a version; as, a <i>translation</i> of the Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Rhet.)</i> <def>A transfer of meaning in a word
or phrase, a metaphor; a tralation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Transfer of meaning by
association; association of ideas.</def>  <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Kinematics)</i> <def>Motion in which all the
points of the moving body have at any instant the same velocity and
direction of motion; -- opposed to <i>rotation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans`la*ti"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Tralatitious</u>.] <def>Metaphorical; tralatitious; also, foreign;
exotic.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*lat"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>translativus</i>
that is to be transferred: cf. F. <i>translatif</i>.] <def>tropical;
figurative; as, a <i>translative</i> sense.</def> [R.]
<i>Puttenham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*lat"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>translator</i>:
cf. F. <i>translateur</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who translates;
esp., one who renders into another language; one who expresses the sense of
words in one language by equivalent words in another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Teleg.)</i> <def>A repeating instrument.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans*lat"or*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
dignity of a translator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*lat"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
translate; transferring.</def> [R.]  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*lat"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
translates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans`la*va"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i>
+ L. <i>lavatio</i>, <i>-onis</i>, washing.] <def>A laving or lading from
one vessel to another.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*lit"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-
</i> + L. <i>litera</i>, <i>littera</i> letter.] <def>To express or
represent in the characters of another alphabet; as, to
<i>transliterate</i> Sanskrit words by means of English letters.</def>
<i>A. J. Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*lit`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
product of transliterating, or of expressing words of a language by means
of the characters of another alphabet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans`lo*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i>
+ <i>location</i>.] <def>removal of things from one place to another;
substitution of one thing for another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There happened certain <i>translocations</i> at the
deluge.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trans*lu"cence</hw> (?), <hw>Trans*lu"cen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of being translucent;
clearness; partial transparency.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1530 !></p>

<p><hw>Trans*lu"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>translucens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>translucere</i> to shine through; <i>trans</i>
across, through = <i>lucere</i> to shine. See <u>Lucid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Transmitting rays of light without permitting
objects to be distinctly seen; partially transparent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Transparent; clear.</def> [Poetic] "Fountain or
fresh current . . . <i>translucent</i>, pure."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Replenished from the cool, <i>translucent</i>
springs.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Translucent</u>, <u>Transparent</u>.  A thing is
<i>translucent</i> when it merely admits the passage of light, without
enabling us to distinguish the color and outline of objects through it; it
is <i>transparent</i> when we can clearly discern objects placed on the
other side of it. Glass, water, etc., are <i>transparent</i>; ground glass
is <i>translucent</i>; a <i>translucent</i> style.</p>

<p><hw>Trans*lu"cent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a translucent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*lu"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>translucidus</i>;
<i>trans</i> across, through + <i>lucidus</i> lucid: cf. F.
<i>translucide</i>. See <u>Translucent</u>.] <def>Translucent.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans"lu*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i> +
L. <i>luna</i> moon.] <def>Being or lying beyond the moon; hence, ethereal;
-- opposed to <i>sublunary</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Marlowe, bathed in the Thespian springs,<BR>
Had in him those brave, <i>translunary</i> things<BR>
That the first poets had.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans`ma*rine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transmarinus</i>; <i>trans</i> beyond + <i>marinus</i> marine: cf. F.
<i>transmarin</i>. See <u>Marine</u>.] <def>Lying or being beyond the
sea.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trans"me*a*ble</hw> (?), <hw>Trans`me*at"a*ble</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>transmeabilis</i>.] <def>Capable of being
passed over or traversed; passable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans"me*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transmeatus</i>, p. p. of <i>transmeare</i> to pass across; <i>trans</i>
across, over + <i>meare</i> to go.] <def>To pass over or beyond.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans`me*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
transmeating; a passing through or beyond.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans*mew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>transmuer</i>, L. <i>transmutare</i>. See <u>Transmute</u>.] <def>To
transmute; to transform; to metamorphose.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Chaucer.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>transmew</i> thyself from a holy hermit into a sinful
forester.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans"mi*grant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transmigrans</i>, p. pr. See <u>Transmigrate</u>.] <def>Migrating or
passing from one place or state to another; passing from one residence to
another.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>One who
transmigrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans"mi*grate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transmigrated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transmigrating</u>.] [L. <i>transmigrare</i>, <i>transmigratum</i>;
<i>trans</i> across + <i>migrare</i> to migrate. See <u>Migrate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass from one country or jurisdiction to another
for the purpose of residence, as men or families; to migrate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass from one body or condition into
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their may <i>transmigrate</i> into each other.</blockquote>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans`mi*gra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>transmigration</i>, L. <i>transmigratio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of passing from one country to another; migration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The passing of the soul at death into another
mortal body; metempsychosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans"mi*gra`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
transmigrates.</def>  <i>J. Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mi"gra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Passing from
one body or state to another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mis`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transmissibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
transmissible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mis"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transmissible</i>.] <def>Capable of being transmitted from one to
another; capable of being passed through any body or substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transmissio</i>; cf. F. <i>transmission</i>. See <u>Transmit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of transmitting, or the state of being
transmitted; as, the <i>transmission</i> of letters, writings, papers,
news, and the like, from one country to another; the <i>transmission</i> of
rights, titles, or privileges, from father to son, or from one generation
to another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The right possessed by an heir or
legatee of transmitting to his successor or successors any inheritance,
legacy, right, or privilege, to which he is entitled, even if he should die
without enjoying or exercising it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mis"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
transmitted; derived, or handed down, from one to another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Itself a sun, it with <i>transmissive</i> light<BR>
Enlivens worlds denied to human sight.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transmitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transmitting</u>.] [L. <i>transmittere</i>, <i>transmissum</i>;
<i>trans</i> across, over + <i>mittere</i> to send: cf. F.
<i>transmettre</i>. See <u>Missile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause
to pass over or through; to communicate by sending; to send from one person
or place to another; to pass on or down as by inheritance; as, to
<i>transmit</i> a memorial; to <i>transmit</i> dispatches; to
<i>transmit</i> money, or bills of exchange, from one country to
another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ancientest fathers must be next removed, as Clement of
Alexandria, and that Eusebian book of evangelic preparation,
<i>transmitting</i> our ears through a hoard of heathenish obscenities to
receive the gospel.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The scepter of that kingdom continued to be
<i>transmitted</i> in the dynasty of Castile.</blockquote>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suffer to pass through; as, glass
<i>transmits</i> light; metals <i>transmit</i>, or conduct,
electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mit"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Transmission.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mit"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Transmission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, transmits; specifically, that portion of a telegraphic or telephonic
instrument by means of which a message is sent; -- opposed to
<i>receiver</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mit"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being transmitted; transmissible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mog`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of transmogrifying, or the state of being transmogrified;
transformation.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Clive, who wrote me about the <i>transmogrification</i> of
our schoolfellow, an attorney's son.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mog"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [A humorous
coinage.] <def>To change into a different shape; to transform.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*move"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans +
move</i>.] <def>To move or change from one state into another; to
transform.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mu`ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transmutabilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being
transmutable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mut"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transmutable</i>. See <u>Transmute</u>.] <def>Capable of being
transmuted or changed into a different substance, or into into something of
a different form a nature; transformable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fluids and solids of an animal body are easily
<i>transmutable</i> into one another.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Trans*mut"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Trans*mut"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trans`mu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>transmutation</i>, L. <i>transmutatio</i>. See <u>Transmute</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of transmuting, or the state of being
transmuted; as, the <i>transmutation</i> of metals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The change or reduction of one
figure or body into another of the same area or solidity, but of a
different form, as of a triangle into a square.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The change of one species into
another, which is assumed to take place in any development theory of life;
transformism.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Transmutation of metals</b></col> <i>(Alchem.)</i>, <cd>the
conversion of base metals into gold or silver, a process often attempted by
the alchemists. See <u>Alchemy</u>, and <i>Philosopher's stone</i>, under
<u>Philosopher</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trans`mu*ta"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
believes in the transmutation of metals or of species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transmuted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transmuting</u>.] [L. <i>transmutare</i>, <i>transmutatum</i>;
<i>trans</i> across + <i>mutare</i> to change. See <u>Mutable</u>, and cf.
<u>Transmew</u>.] <def>To change from one nature, form, or substance, into
another; to transform.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The caresses of parents and the blandishments of friends
<i>transmute</i> us into idols.</blockquote> <i>Buckminster.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Transmuting</i> sorrow into golden joy<BR>
Free from alloy.</blockquote> <i>H. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mut"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
transmutes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mu"tu*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans +
mutual</i>.] <def>Reciprocal; commutual.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans`na*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transnatare</i> to swim over; <i>trans</i> across, over + <i>natare</i>
to swim.] <def>The act of swimming across, as a river.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*na"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>trans-</i> + <i>nature</i>.] <def>To transfer or transform the nature
of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We are transelemented, or <i>transnatured</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Jewel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran"som</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably fr. L.
<i>transtrum</i> a crossbeam, transom, from <i>trans</i> across.  Cf.
<u>Trestle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A horizontal
crossbar in a window, over a door, or between a door and a window above it.
<i>Transom</i> is the horizontal, as <i>mullion</i> is the vertical, bar
across an opening. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Mullion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of the principal transverse
timbers of the stern, bolted to the sternpost and giving shape to the stern
structure; -- called also <i>transsummer</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>The piece of wood or iron
connecting the cheeks of some gun carriages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The vane of a cross-staff.</def>
<i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>One of the crossbeams
connecting the side frames of a truck with each other.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Transom knees</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>knees bolted
to the transoms and after timbers.</cd> -- <col><b>Transom
window</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A window divided
horizontally by a transom or transoms.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
window over a door, with a transom between.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trans"pa*dane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transpadanus</i>; <i>trans</i> across + <i>Padus</i> the Po.] <def>Lying
or being on the further side of the river Po with reference to Rome, that
is, on the north side; -- opposed to <i>cispadane</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*pal"a*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i>
+ <i>palatine</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Situated beyond or outside the
palatine bone; -- said of a bone in the skull of some reptiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*pare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Transparent</u>.] <def>To be, or cause to be, transparent; to appear, or
cause to appear, or be seen, through something.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Stirling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*par"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transparence</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being transparent;
transparency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*par"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Transparencies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>transparence</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or condition of being transparent;
transparence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is transparent; especially, a picture
painted on thin cloth or glass, or impressed on porcelain, or the like, to
be viewed by natural or artificial light, which shines through it.</def>
<i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*par"ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., from LL.
<i>transparens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>transparere</i> to be
transparent; L. <i>trans</i> across, through + <i>parere</i> to appear. See
<u>Appear</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the property of transmitting
rays of light, so that bodies can be distinctly seen through; pervious to
light; diaphanous; pellucid; as, <i>transparent</i> glass; a
<i>transparent</i> diamond; -- opposed to <i>opaque</i>.</def>
"<i>Transparent</i> elemental air."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Admitting the passage of light; open; porous;
as, a <i>transparent</i> veil.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Translucent; pellucid; clear; bright; limpid; lucid;
diaphanous. See <u>Translucent</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Trans*par"ent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Trans*par"ent*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trans*pass"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i> +
<i>pass</i>: cf. LL. <i>transpassare</i>.  Cf. <u>Trespass</u>.] <def>To
pass over; as, Alexander <i>transpassed</i> the river.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J.
Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*pass"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass by; to pass
away.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans*pass"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being transpassed, or crossed over.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans*pat"ron*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Trans-</i> +
<i>patronize</i>.] <def>To transfer the patronage of.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Warner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*spe"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-
</i> + L. <i>species</i> form.] <def>To change from one species to another;
to transform.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Power to <i>transpeciate</i> a man into a
horse.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*spic"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transpicere</i> to see or look through + <i>specere</i>, <i>spicere</i>,
to see.  Cf. <u>Conspicuous</u>.] <def>Transparent; pervious to the
sight.</def> [R.] "The wide, <i>transpicuous</i> air."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*pierce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transpierced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transpiercing</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>trans-</i> + <i>pierce</i>: cf. F.
<i>transpercer</i>.] <def>To pierce through; to penetrate; to permeate; to
pass through.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sides <i>transpierced</i> return a rattling
sound.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*spir"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transpirable</i>.] <def>Capable of being transpired, or of
transpiring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran`spi*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>transpiration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The act or
process of transpiring or excreting in the form of vapor; exhalation, as
through the skin or other membranes of the body; as, pulmonary
<i>transpiration</i>, or the excretion of aqueous vapor from the lungs.
Perspiration is a form of transpiration.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(bot.)</i> <def>The evaporation of water, or
exhalation of aqueous vapor, from cells and masses of tissue.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The passing of gases through
fine tubes, porous substances, or the like; as, <i>transpiration</i>
through membranes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*spir"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to transpiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*spire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transpired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transpiring</u>.] [F. <i>transpirer</i>; L. <i>trans</i> across, through
+ <i>spirare</i> to breathe. See <u>Spirit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To pass off in the form of vapor or insensible
perspiration; to exhale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>To evaporate from living
cells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To escape from secrecy; to become public; as,
the proceedings of the council soon <i>transpired</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The story of Paulina's and Maximilian's mutual attachment
had <i>transpired</i> through many of the travelers.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To happen or come to pass; to occur.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This sense of the word, which is of comparatively recent
introduction, is common in the United States, especially in the language of
conversation and of newspaper writers, and is used to some extent in
England. Its use, however, is censured by critics of both countries.
</p>

<p><hw>Tran*spire"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To excrete through the skin; to give off in the form
of vapor; to exhale; to perspire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>To evaporate (moisture) from
living cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*place"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transplaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transplacing</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>trans-</i> + <i>place</i>.] <def>To
remove across some space; to put in an opposite or another place.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It [an obelisk] was <i>transplaced</i> . . . from the left
side of the Vatican into a more eminent place.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*plant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transplanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transplanting</u>.] [F. <i>transplanter</i>, L. <i>transplantare</i>;
<i>trans</i> across, over + <i>plantare</i> to plant. See <u>Plant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remove, and plant in another place; as, to
<i>transplant</i> trees.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove, and settle or establish for residence
in another place; as, to <i>transplant</i> inhabitants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being <i>transplanted</i> out of his cold, barren diocese of
St. David into a warmer climate.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans`plan*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transplantation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of transplanting,
or the state of being transplanted; also, removal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>transplantation</i> of Ulysses to
Sparta.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The removal of tissues from a
healthy part, and the insertion of them in another place where there is a
lesion; as, the <i>transplantation</i> of tissues in autoplasty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*plant"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
transplants; also, a machine for transplanting trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*splen"den*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or
state of being transplendent.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*splen"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Trans-</i> +
<i>splendent</i>.] <def>Resplendent in the highest degree.</def> [R.] --
<wf>Tran*splen"dent*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans*port"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transported</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transporting</u>.] [F. <i>transporter</i>, L. <i>transportare</i>;
<i>trans</i> across + <i>portare</i> to carry. See <u>Port</u> bearing,
demeanor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry or bear from one place to
another; to remove; to convey; as, to <i>transport</i> goods; to
<i>transport</i> troops.</def>  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry, or cause to be carried, into
banishment, as a criminal; to banish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To carry away with vehement emotion, as joy,
sorrow, complacency, anger, etc.; to ravish with pleasure or ecstasy; as,
music <i>transports</i> the soul.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] laugh as if <i>transported</i> with some fit<BR>
Of passion.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall then be <i>transported</i> with a nobler . . .
wonder.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans"port</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Transport</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Transportation; carriage;
conveyance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Romans . . . stipulated with the Carthaginians to
furnish them with ships for <i>transport</i> and war.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel employed for transporting, especially
for carrying soldiers, warlike stores, or provisions, from one place to
another, or to convey convicts to their destination; -- called also
<i>transport ship</i>, <i>transport vessel</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Vehement emotion; passion; ecstasy;
rapture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>transport</i> views the airy rule his own,<BR>
And swells on an imaginary throne.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Say not, in <i>transports</i> of despair,<BR>
That all your hopes are fled.</blockquote> <i>Doddridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A convict transported, or sentenced to
exile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*port`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being transportable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*port"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transportable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being
transported.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incurring, or subject to, the punishment of
transportation; as, a <i>transportable</i> offense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*port"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Transportation;
the act of removing from one locality to another.</def> "The
<i>transportal</i> of seeds in the wool or fur of quadrupeds."
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*port"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Transportation.</def> [Obs.] "Give me swift <i>transportance</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1531 !></p>

<p><hw>Trans*port"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Transporting;
&?;avishing; as, <i>transportant</i> love.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans`por*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transportatio</i>: cf. F. <i>transportation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of transporting, or the state of being transported; carriage
from one place to another; removal; conveyance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To provide a vessel for their
<i>transportation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Transport; ecstasy.</def> [R.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*port"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Conveyed from one
place to another; figuratively, carried away with passion or pleasure;
entranced.</def> -- <wf>Trans*port"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Trans*port"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trans*port"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
transports.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*port"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That transports;
fig., ravishing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>transporting</i> chords ring out.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*port"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to
transport.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*port"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
transporting, or the state of being transported; transportation.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may
transposed; as, a <i>transposable</i> phrase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*pos"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
transposing, or the state of being transposed; transposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transposed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transposing</u>.] [F. <i>transposer</i>; pref. <i>trans-</i> (L.
<i>trans</i> across) + <i>poser</i> to put. See <u>Pose</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To change the place or order of; to substitute
one for the other of; to exchange, in respect of position; as, to
<i>transpose</i> letters, words, or propositions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change; to transform; to invert.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Things base and vile, holding no quantity,<BR>
Love can <i>transpose</i> to form and dignity.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>To bring, as any term of an
equation, from one side over to the other, without destroying the equation;
thus, if <i>a + b = c</i>, and we make <i>a = c - b</i>, then <i>b</i> is
said to be <i>transposed</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>To change the natural order of,
as words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To change the key of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*pos"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
transposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans`po*si"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>transposition</i>, from L. <i>transponere</i>, <i>transpositum</i>, to
set over, remove, transfer; <i>trans</i> across, over + <i>ponere</i> to
place. See <u>Position</u>.] <def>The act of transposing, or the state of
being transposed.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>The bringing of any term of an
equation from one side over to the other without destroying the
equation.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A change of the natural order of
words in a sentence; as, the Latin and Greek languages admit
<i>transposition</i>, without inconvenience, to a much greater extent than
the English.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A change of a composition into
another key.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans`po*si"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to transposition; involving transposition.</def>
<i>Pegge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*pos"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made by
transposing; consisting in transposition; transposable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*print"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i>
+ <i>print</i>.] <def>To transfer to the wrong place in printing; to print
out of place.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*prose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i>
+ <i>prose</i>.] <def>To change from prose into verse; to versify; also, to
change from verse into prose.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*re"gion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-
</i> + <i>region</i>.] <def>Foreign.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*shape"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transshaped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transshaping</u>.] [Pref. <i>trans-</i> + <i>shape</i>.] <def>To change
into another shape or form; to transform.</def> [Written also
<i>transhape</i>.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*ship"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i> +
<i>ship</i>.] <def>To transfer from one ship or conveyance to
another.</def> [Written also <i>tranship</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans*ship"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
transshipping, or transferring, as goods, from one ship or conveyance to
another.</def> [Written also <i>transhipment</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans"sum`mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Transom</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran`sub*stan"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>transubstantiatus</i>, p. p. of <i>transubstantiare</i> to
transubstantiate; L. <i>trans</i> across, over + <i>substantia</i>
substance. See <u>Substance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To change into
another substance.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The spider love which <i>transubstantiates</i> all,<BR>
And can convert manna to gall.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Theol.)</i> <def>To change, as the
sacramental elements, bread and wine, into the flesh and blood of
Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran`sub*stan`ti*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>transubstantiatio</i>: cf. F. <i>transsubstantiation</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A change into another substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine held by Roman
Catholics, that the bread and wine in the Mass is converted into the body
and blood of Christ; -- distinguished from <i>consubstantiation</i>, and
<i>impanation</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran`sub*stan"ti*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transsubstantiateur</i>.] <def>One who maintains the doctrine of
transubstantiation.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran`su*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transsudation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of
transuding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Exosmose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*su"da*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to transudation; passing by transudation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*sude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transuded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transuding</u>.] [Pref. <i>trans-</i> + L. <i>sudare</i> to sweat: cf.
F. <i>transsuder</i>.] <def>To pass, as perspirable matter does, through
the pores or interstices of textures; as, liquor may <i>transude</i>
through leather or wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*sume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>transumere</i>,
<i>transsumere</i>, to take from one to another; <i>trans</i> across +
<i>sumere</i> to take.] <def>To change; to convert.</def> [R.]
<i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*sumpt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>transumere</i>,
<i>transumptum</i>, to take from one to another, in LL., to transcribe. See
<u>Transume</u>.] <def>A copy or exemplification of a record.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Lord Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*sump"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transumptio</i>.] <def>Act of taking from one place to another.</def>
[R.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tran*sump"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transumptivus</i>.] <def>Taking from one to another; metaphorical.</def>
[R.] "A <i>transumptive</i> kind of speech."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fictive, descriptive, digressive, <i>transumptive</i>, and
withal definitive.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*va"sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Transvasation</u>.] <def>To pour out of one vessel into another.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans`va*sa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i>
+ L. <i>vas</i>, <i>vasis</i>, vessel.] <def>The act or process of pouring
out of one vessel into another.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*vec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transvectio</i>, from <i>transvehere</i> to carry across; <i>trans</i>
across + <i>vehere</i> to carry.] <def>The act of conveying or carrying
over.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans*ver"ber*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transverberatus</i>, p. p. of <i>transverberare</i> to strike or pierce
through.] <def>To beat or strike through.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trans*ver"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transversal</i>. See <u>Transverse</u>.] <def>Running or lying across;
transverse; as, a <i>transversal</i> line.</def> --
<wf>Trans*ver"sal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trans*ver"sal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>transversale</i>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A straight line which traverses
or intersects any system of other lines, as a line intersecting the three
sides of a triangle or the sides produced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*verse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>transversus</i>,
p. p.  of <i>transvertere</i> to turn on direct across; <i>trans</i> across
+ <i>vertere</i> to turn: cf. F. <i>transverse</i>. See <u>Verse</u>, and
cf. <u>Traverse</u>.] <def>Lying or being across, or in a crosswise
direction; athwart; -- often opposed to <i>longitudinal</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Transverse axis</b></col> (of an ellipse or hyperbola)
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>that axis which passes through the foci.</cd> --
<col><b>Transverse partition</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a partition, as
of a pericarp, at right angles with the valves, as in the siliques of
mustard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trans"verse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything that is transverse or athwart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The longer, or transverse, axis
of an ellipse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*verse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Transversed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Transversing</u>.] <def>To overturn; to change.</def> [R.]  <i>C.
Leslie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*verse"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>trans-</i> +
<i>verse</i>, n.  Cf.<u>Transpose</u>.] <def>To change from prose into
verse, or from verse into prose.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Duke of
Buckingham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*verse"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a transverse
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
changing from prose into verse, or from verse into prose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*vert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transvertere</i>. See <u>Transverse</u>, a.] <def>To cause to turn
across; to transverse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Craft of Lovers (1448).</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans*vert"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being transverted.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trans`vo*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>transvolare</i> to fly over or across; <i>trans</i> across +
<i>volare</i> to fly.] <def>The act of flying beyond or across.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OD. <i>tranten</i> to
walk slowly, LG. &amp; D. <i>trant</i> walk, pace.] <def>To traffic in an
itinerary manner; to peddle.</def> [Written also <i>traunt</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trant"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who trants; a
peddler; a carrier.</def> [Written also <i>traunter</i>.] [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Trap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trapping</u>.] [Akin to OE. <i>trappe</i> trappings, and perhaps from an
Old French word of the same origin as E. <i>drab</i> a kind of cloth.]
<def>To dress with ornaments; to adorn; -- said especially of
horses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Steeds . . . that <i>trapped</i> were in steel all
glittering.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To deck his hearse, and <i>trap</i> his tomb-black
steed.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There she found her palfrey <i>trapped</i><BR>
 In purple blazoned with armorial gold.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw. <i>trapp</i>; akin to
<i>trappa</i> stairs, Dan. <i>trappe</i>, G. <i>treppe</i>, D. <i>trap</i>;
-- so called because the rocks of this class often occur in large, tabular
masses, rising above one another, like steps. See <u>Tramp</u>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>An old term rather loosely used to designate various
dark-colored, heavy igneous rocks, including especially the feldspathic-
augitic rocks, basalt, dolerite, amygdaloid, etc., but including also some
kinds of diorite. Called also <i>trap rock</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trap tufa</b></col>, <col><b>Trap tuff</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
fragmental rock made up of fragments and earthy materials from trap
rocks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trap</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to trap rock;
as, a <i>trap</i> dike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trappe</i>, AS.
<i>treppe</i>; akin to OD. <i>trappe</i>, OHG. <i>trapo</i>; probably fr.
the root of E. <i>tramp</i>, as that which is trod upon: cf. F.
<i>trappe</i>, which is trod upon: cf. F. <i>trappe</i>, which perhaps
influenced the English word.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A machine or
contrivance that shuts suddenly, as with a spring, used for taking game or
other animals; as, a <i>trap</i> for foxes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She would weep if that she saw a mouse<BR>
Caught in a <i>trap</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A snare; an ambush; a stratagem; any
device by which one may be caught unawares.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let their table be made a snare and a
<i>trap</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xi. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God and your majesty<BR>
Protect mine innocence, or I fall into<BR>
The <i>trap</i> is laid for me!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wooden instrument shaped somewhat like a shoe,
used in the game of trapball. It consists of a pivoted arm on one end of
which is placed the ball to be thrown into the air by striking the other
end. Also, a machine for throwing into the air glass balls, clay pigeons,
etc., to be shot at.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The game of trapball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A bend, sag, or partitioned chamber, in a drain,
soil pipe, sewer, etc., arranged so that the liquid contents form a seal
which prevents passage of air or gas, but permits the flow of
liquids.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A place in a water pipe, pump, etc., where air
accumulates for want of an outlet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A wagon, or other vehicle.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A kind of movable stepladder.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Trap stairs</b></col>, <cd>a staircase leading to a
trapdoor.</cd> -- <col><b>Trap tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>the jack; -
- so called because it furnishes a kind of birdlime. See 1st
<u>Jack</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>treppan</i>. See
<u>Trap</u> a snare.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To catch in a trap or traps; as, to <i>trap</i>
foxes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To insnare; to take by stratagem; to
entrap.</def> "I <i>trapped</i> the foe."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To provide with a trap; as, to <i>trap</i> a
drain; to <i>trap</i> a sewer pipe. See 4th <u>Trap</u>, 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To set traps for game; to
make a business of trapping game; as, to <i>trap</i> for beaver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*pan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>trappan</i>. See
<u>Trap</u>, and cf. <u>Trepan</u> a snare.] <def>A snare; a stratagem; a
trepan. See 3d <u>Trepan</u>.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*pan"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trapanned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trapanning</u>.] <def>To insnare; to catch by stratagem; to entrap; to
trepan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Having some of his people <i>trapanned</i> at
Baldivia.</blockquote> <i>Anson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tra*pan"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who trapans, or
insnares.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old game of ball
played with a trap. See 4th <u>Trap</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap"door`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A lifting or sliding door covering an opening in a roof
or floor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A door in a level for regulating
the ventilating current; -- called also <i>weather door</i>.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Trapdoor spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of large spiders which make a nest consisting of a vertical
hole in the earth, lined with a hinged lid, like a trapdoor. Most of the
species belong to the genus <i>Cteniza</i>, as the California species
(<i>C. Californica</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trape</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Tramp</u>, and cf.
<u>Traipse</u>.] <def>To walk or run about in an idle or slatternly manner;
to traipse.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Trapes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Trape</u>.] <def>A
slattern; an idle, sluttish, or untidy woman.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Trapes</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To go about in an idle or
slatternly fashion; to trape; to traipse.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trap"e*zate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Trapezium</u>.]
<def>Having the form of a trapezium; trapeziform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*peze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>trap&egrave;ze</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i>  <def>A
trapezium. See <u>Trapezium</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A swinging horizontal bar, suspended at each end
by a rope; -- used by gymnasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*pe"zi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Trapezium</i> +
<i>-form</i>: cf. F. <i>trap&eacute;ziforme</i>.] <def>Having the form of a
trapezium; trapezoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra*pe"zi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Trapeziums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Trapezia</b></plw> (#). [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; a little table, an irregular four-sided figure, dim. of &?; a
table, for &?;; &?; (see <u>Tetra-</u>) + &?; foot, akin to &?; foot;
hence, originally, a table with four feet. See <u>Foot</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane figure bounded by four right
lines, of which no two are parallel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bone of the
carpus at  the base of the first metacarpal, or thumb.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A region on the ventral side of the brain, either
just back of the pons Varolii, or, as in man, covered by the posterior
extension of its transverse fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap`e*zo*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or resembling, a trapezohedron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap`e*zo*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
<i>trapezium</i> + Gr. &?; seat, base, fr. &?; to sit.]
<i>(Crystalloq.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A solid bounded by twenty-
four equal and similar trapeziums; a tetragonal trisoctahedron. See the
Note under <u>Trisoctahedron</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
tetartohedral solid of the hexagonal system, bounded by six trapezoidal
planes. The faces of this form are common on quartz crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap"e*zoid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; trapezoid-
shaped; &?; table + &?; shape, likeness: cf. F.
<i>trap&eacute;zo&iuml;de</i>. See <u>Trapezium</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A plane four-sided figure, having two sides parallel to
each other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A bone of the carpus at the base
of the second metacarpal, or index finger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap"e*zoid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the form of a trapezoid; trapezoidal; as, the  <i>trapezoid</i>
ligament  which connects the coracoid process and the clavicle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the trapezoid
ligament; as, the <i>trapezoid</i> line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap`e*zoid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>trap&eacute;zo&iuml;dal</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form of a trapezoid;
trapezoid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Trapezohedral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap"hole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>See
<u>Trou-de-loup</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap"pe*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>trapp&eacute;en</i>. See <u>Trap</u> a kind of rock.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to trap; being of the nature of trap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Trap</u> to
insnare.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who traps animals; one who makes a
business of trapping animals for their furs.</def>  <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A boy who opens and shuts a
trapdoor in a gallery or level.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trap"pings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [From <u>Trap</u> to
dress with ornaments.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which serves to trap or
adorn; ornaments; dress; superficial decorations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Trappings</i> of life, for ornament, not
use.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These but the <i>trappings</i> and the suits of
woe.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, ornaments to be put on
horses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Caparisons and steeds,<BR>
Bases and tinsel <i>trappings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trap"pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trappiste</i>.]
<i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A monk belonging to a branch of the Cistercian
Order, which was established by Armand de Ranc&eacute; in 1660 at the
monastery of La Trappe in Normandy.  Extreme austerity characterizes their
discipline.  They were introduced permanently into the United States in
1848, and have monasteries in Iowa and Kentucky.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1532 !></p>

<p><hw>Trap"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Trap</u> a kind of
rock.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Of or performance to trap; resembling trap, or
partaking of its form or qualities; trappy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap"pures</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See <u>Trap</u> to
dress.] <def>Trappings for a horse.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Trappous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Traps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See <u>Trappings</u>, and
<u>Trap</u> to dress.] <def>Small or portable articles for dress,
furniture, or use; goods; luggage; things.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Trap"stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stick used in
playing the game of trapball; hence, fig., a slender leg.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>tros</i> rubbish,
leaves, and twigs picked up for fuel, <i>trassi</i> a slovenly fellow, Sw.
<i>trasa</i> a rag, tatter.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is
worthless or useless; rubbish; refuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who steals my purse steals <i>trash</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A haunch of venison would be <i>trash</i> to a
Brahmin.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, loppings and leaves of trees,
bruised sugar cane, or the like.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the West Indies, the decayed leaves and stems of canes are
called <i>field trash</i>; the bruised or macerated rind of canes is called
<i>cane trash</i>; and both are called <i>trash</i>.  <i>B.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A worthless person.</def> [R.] <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A collar, leash, or halter used to restrain a
dog in pursuing game.</def>  <i>Markham.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Trash ice</b></col>, <cd>crumbled ice mixed with water.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Trashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Trashing</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To free from trash, or worthless matter; hence, to
lop; to crop, as to <i>trash</i> the rattoons of sugar cane.</def>  <i>B.
Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To treat as trash, or worthless matter; hence,
to spurn, humiliate, or crush.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hold back by a trash or leash, as a dog in
pursuing game; hence, to retard, encumber, or restrain; to clog; to hinder
vexatiously.</def> [R.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To follow with violence and
trampling.</def> [R.]  <i>The Puritan (1607).</i></p>

<p><hw>Trash"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a trashy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trash"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being trashy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Trashier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Trashiest</u>.] <def>Like
trash; containing much trash; waste; rejected; worthless; useless; as, a
<i>trashy</i> novel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>tras</i> or Gr.
<i>trass</i>, probably fr. It. <i>terrazzo</i> terrace. See
<u>Terrace</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A white to gray volcanic tufa, formed
of decomposed trachytic cinders; -- sometimes used as a cement. Hence, a
coarse sort of plaster or mortar, durable in water, and used to line
cisterns and other reservoirs of water.</def> [Formerly written also
<i>tarras</i>, <i>tarrace</i>, <i>terras</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The Dutch <i>trass</i> is made by burning and grinding a soft
grayish rock found on the lower Rhine.</p>

<p><hw>Trau"lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a lisping, fr. &?;
to lisp, to mispronounce.] <def>A stammering or stuttering.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dalgarno.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trau*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>traumaticus</i>,
Gr. &?;, from &?;, &?;, a wound: cf. F. <i>traumatique</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to wounds; applied to
wounds.</def> <i>Coxe.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Adapted to the cure of
wounds; vulnerary.</def> <i>Wiseman.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Produced
by wounds; as, <i>traumatic</i> tetanus.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A traumatic medicine.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Trau"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
wound or injury directly produced by causes external to the body; also,
violence producing a wound or injury; as, rupture of the stomach caused by
<i>traumatism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Traunce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Trance</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Traunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Trant</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Traunt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Tranter</u>.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Trav"ail</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>travail</i>; cf.
Pr. <i>trabalh</i>, <i>trebalh</i>, toil, torment, torture; probably from
LL. <i>trepalium</i> a place where criminals are tortured, instrument of
torture. But the French word may be akin to L. <i>trabs</i> a beam, or have
been influenced by a derivative from <i>trabs</i> (cf. <u>Trave</u>).  Cf.
<u>Travel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Labor with pain; severe toil or
exertion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As everything of price, so this doth require
<i>travail</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Parturition; labor; as, an easy
<i>travail</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trav"ail</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Travailed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Travailing</u>.] [F.  <i>travailler</i>, OF. <i>traveillier</i>,
<i>travaillier</i>, to labor, toil, torment; cf. Pr. <i>trebalhar</i> to
torment, agitate. See <u>Travail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To labor with pain; to toil.</def> [Archaic]
"Slothful persons which will not <i>travail</i> for their livings."
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suffer the pangs of childbirth; to be in
labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trav"ail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To harass; to
tire.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As if all these troubles had not been sufficient to
<i>travail</i> the realm, a great division fell among the
nobility.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trav"ail*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing travail;
laborious.</def> [Obs.] <i>Wyclif.</i> -- <wf>Trav"ail*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Through French, fr. L.
<i>trabs</i>, <i>trabis</i>, a beam; cf. OF. <i>tref</i> a beam, also F.
<i>travail</i> a frame to confine a horse, OE. <i>trave</i>, <i>trevys</i>,
<i>travise</i>, It. <i>travaglio</i>, F. <i>trav&eacute;e</i> the space
between two beams.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A crossbeam; a
lay of joists.</def>  <i>Maundrell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wooden frame to confine an unruly horse or ox
while shoeing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She sprung as a colt doth in the <i>trave</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trav"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Traveled</u> (?) or <u>Travelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Traveling</u> or <u>Travelling</u>.] [Properly, to labor,
and the same word as <i>travail</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To labor; to
travail.</def> [Obsoles.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go or march on foot; to walk; as, to
<i>travel</i> over the city, or through the streets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To pass by riding, or in any manner, to a
distant place, or to many places; to journey; as, a man <i>travels</i> for
his health; he is <i>traveling</i> in California.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass; to go; to move.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time <i>travels</i> in divers paces with divers
persons.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trav"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
journey over; to traverse; as, to <i>travel</i> the continent.</def> "I
<i>travel</i> this profound."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To force to journey.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They shall not be <i>traveled</i> forth of their own
franchises.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trav"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of traveling, or journeying from place to place; a journey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With long <i>travel</i> I am stiff and weary.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>travels</i> ended at his country seat.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An account, by a traveler, of
occurrences and observations during a journey; as, a book of
<i>travels</i>; -- often used as the title of a book; as, <i>Travels</i> in
Italy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The length of stroke of a
reciprocating piece; as, the <i>travel</i> of a slide valve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Labor; parturition; travail.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trav"eled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having made journeys;
having gained knowledge or experience by traveling; hence, knowing;
experienced.</def> [Written also <i>travelled</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>traveled</i> thane, Athenian Aberdeen.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trav"el*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>traveler</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who travels; one who has
traveled much.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A commercial agent who travels for the purpose
of receiving orders for merchants, making collections, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A traveling crane. See under
<u>Crane</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Spinning)</i> <def>The metal loop which travels
around the ring surrounding the bobbin, in a ring spinner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An iron encircling a rope, bar,
spar, or the like, and sliding thereon.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Traveler's joy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the <i>Clematis
vitalba</i>, a climbing plant with white flowers.</cd> --
<col><b>Traveler's tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Ravenala</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trav"el-taint`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Harassed;
fatigued with travel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trav"ers</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F. <i>travers</i>,
breadth, extent from side, <i>&agrave; travers</i>, <i>en travers</i>,
<i>de travers</i>, across, athwart. See <u>Traverse</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Across; athwart.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The earl . . . caused . . . high trees to be hewn down, and
laid <i>travers</i> one over another.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trav"ers*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being traversed, or passed over; as, a <i>traversable</i>
region.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Deniable; specifically <i>(Law)</i>, liable to
legal objection; as, a <i>traversable</i> presentment.</def>  <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trav"erse</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>travers</i>, L.
<i>transversus</i>, p. p. of <i>transvertere</i> to turn or direct across.
See <u>Transverse</u>, and cf. <u>Travers</u>.] <def>Lying across; being in
a direction across something else; as, paths cut with <i>traverse</i>
trenches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Oak . . . being strong in all positions, may be better
trusted in cross and <i>traverse</i> work.</blockquote> <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ridges of the fallow field <i>traverse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Traverse drill</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a machine tool for
drilling slots, in which the work or tool has a lateral motion back and
forth; also, a drilling machine in which the spindle holder can be adjusted
laterally.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trav"erse</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Athwart; across;
crosswise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trav"erse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>traverse</i>. See
<u>Traverse</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Anything
that traverses, or crosses.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Something that thwarts, crosses, or obstructs;
a cross accident; as, he would have succeeded, had it not been for unlucky
<i>traverses</i> not under his control.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A barrier, sliding door, movable screen,
curtain, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men drinken and the <i>travers</i> draw anon.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the entrance of the king,<BR>
The first <i>traverse</i> was drawn.</blockquote> <i>F. Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A gallery or loft of
communication from side to side of a church or other large building.</def>
<i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A work thrown up to intercept an
enfilade, or reverse fire, along exposed passage, or line of
work.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A formal denial of some matter of
fact alleged by the opposite party in any stage of the pleadings. The
technical words introducing a <i>traverse</i> are <i>absque hoc</i>,
without this; that is, without this which follows.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The zigzag course or courses
made by a ship in passing from one place to another; a compound
course.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A line lying across a figure or
other lines; a transversal.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>A line surveyed across a plot of
ground.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>The turning of a gun so as to
make it point in any desired direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A turning; a trick; a subterfuge.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>To work, or solve</b></col>, <col><b>a traverse</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to reduce a series of courses or distances to an
equivalent single one; to calculate the resultant of a traverse.</cd> --
<col><b>Traverse board</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a small board hung in
the steerage, having the points of the compass marked on it, and for each
point as many holes as there are half hours in a watch. It is used for
recording the courses made by the ship in each half hour, by putting a peg
in the corresponding hole.</cd> -- <col><b>Traverse jury</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a jury that tries cases; a petit jury.</cd> --
<col><b>Traverse sailing</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a sailing by
compound courses; the method or process of finding the resulting course and
distance from a series of different shorter courses and distances actually
passed over by a ship.</cd> -- <col><b>Traverse table</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut. &amp; Surv.)</i> <cd>A table by means of which
the difference of latitude and departure corresponding to any given course
and distance may be found by inspection. It contains the lengths of the two
sides of a right-angled triangle, usually for every quarter of a degree of
angle, and for lengths of the hypothenuse, from 1 to 100.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Railroad)</i> <cd>A platform with one or more
tracks, and arranged to move laterally on wheels, for shifting cars, etc.,
from one line of track to another.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trav"erse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Traversed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Traversing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>traverser</i>. See <u>Traverse</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay in a cross direction;
to cross.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The parts should be often <i>traversed</i>, or crossed, by
the flowing of the folds.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cross by way of opposition; to thwart with
obstacles; to obstruct; to bring to naught.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not but . . . admit the force of this reasoning, which
I yet hope to <i>traverse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wander over; to cross in traveling; as, to
<i>traverse</i> the habitable globe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What seas you <i>traversed</i>, and what fields you
fought.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass over and view; to survey
carefully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My purpose is to <i>traverse</i> the nature, principles, and
properties of this detestable vice -- ingratitude.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>To turn to the one side or the
other, in order to point in any direction; as, to <i>traverse</i> a
cannon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>To plane in a direction across
the grain of the wood; as, to <i>traverse</i> a board.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To deny formally, as what the
opposite party has alleged. When the plaintiff or defendant advances new
matter, he avers it to be true, and <i>traverses</i> what the other party
has affirmed. To <i>traverse</i> an indictment or an office is to deny
it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And save the expense of long litigious laws,<BR>
Where suits are <i>traversed</i>, and so little won<BR>
That he who conquers is but last undone.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To traverse a yard</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to brace it
fore and aft.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trav"erse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To use the posture or motions of opposition or counteraction, as in
fencing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To see thee fight, to see thee foin, to see thee
<i>traverse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn, as on a pivot; to move round; to
swivel; as, the needle of a compass <i>traverses</i>; if it does not
<i>traverse</i> well, it is an unsafe guide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To tread or move crosswise, as a horse that
throws his croup to one side and his head to the other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trav"ers*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, traverses, or moves, as an index on a scale,
and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who traverses, or
denies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A traverse table. See under
<u>Traverse</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Trav"ers*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adjustable laterally;
having a lateral motion, or a swinging motion; adapted for giving lateral
motion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Traversing plate</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>one of two thick
iron plates at the hinder part of a gun carriage, where the handspike is
applied in traversing the piece.</cd> <i>Wilhelm.</i> -- <col><b>Traversing
platform</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a platform for traversing
guns.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trav"er*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>travertin</i>,
It. <i>travertino</i>, <i>tiburtino</i>, L. lapis <i>Tiburtinus</i>, fr.
<i>Tibur</i> an ancient town of Latium, now Tivoli.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
white concretionary form of calcium carbonate, usually hard and
semicrystalline. It is deposited from the water of springs or streams
holding lime in solution. Extensive deposits exist at Tivoli, near
Rome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trav"es*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>travesti</i>, p. p.
of <i>travestir</i> to disguise, to travesty, It. <i>travestire</i>, fr. L.
<i>trans</i> across, over + <i>vestire</i> to dress, clothe. See
<u>Vest</u>.] <def>Disguised by dress so as to be ridiculous; travestied; -
- applied to a book or shorter composition.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Trav"es*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Travesties</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A burlesque translation or
imitation of a work.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The second edition is not a recast, but absolutely a
<i>travesty</i> of the first.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trav"es*ty</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Travestied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Travesting</u>.] <def>To translate, imitate, or represent, so as to
render ridiculous or ludicrous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I see poor Lucan <i>travestied</i>, not appareled in his
Roman toga, but under the cruel shears of an English tailor.</blockquote>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OF. <i>trauler</i>,
<i>troller</i>, F. <i>tr&ocirc;ter</i>, to drag about, to stroll about;
probably of Teutonic origin.  Cf. <u>Troll</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>To take fish, or other marine animals, with a trawl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trawl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fishing
line, often extending a mile or more, having many short lines bearing hooks
attached to it. It is used for catching cod, halibut, etc.; a
boulter.</def> [U. S. &amp; Canada]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large bag net attached to a beam with iron
frames at its ends, and dragged at the bottom of the sea, -- used in
fishing, and in gathering forms of marine life from the sea
bottom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trawl"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boat used in
fishing with trawls or trawlnets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trawl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, trawls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fishing vessel which trails a net behind
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trawl"er*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trawlermen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A fisherman who used unlawful arts
and engines to catch fish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trawl"net`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Trawl</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trawl"warp`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rope passing
through a block, used in managing or dragging a trawlnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tray</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>tra&iuml;r</i>, F.
<i>trahir</i>, L. <i>tradere</i>. See <u>Traitor</u>.] <def>To betray; to
deceive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tray</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Trays</b></plw>
(#). [OE. <i>treye</i>, AS. <i>treg</i>.  Cf. <u>Trough</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small trough or wooden vessel, sometimes scooped
out of a block of wood, for various domestic uses, as in making bread,
chopping meat, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flat, broad vessel on which dishes, glasses,
etc., are carried; a waiter; a salver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shallow box, generally without a top, often
used within a chest, trunk, box, etc., as a removable receptacle for small
or light articles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tray"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trayfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a tray will hold; enough
to fill a tray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trays</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Obs.] <def>See
<u>Trais</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tray"-trip`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Trey</u> a
three.] <def>An old game played with dice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Treach"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trichour</i>,
<i>trichur</i>, OF. <i>tricheor</i> deceiver, traitor, F. <i>tricheur</i> a
cheat at play, a trickster. See <u>Treachery</u>.] <def>A traitor; a
cheat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Treacher</i> and coward both.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Treach"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Treacher</u>.]
<def>Like a traitor; involving treachery; violating allegiance or faith
pledged; traitorous to the state or sovereign; perfidious in private life;
betraying a trust; faithless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Loyal father of a <i>treacherous</i> son.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>treacherous</i> smile, a mask for secret
hate.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Faithless; perfidious; traitorous; false; insidious;
plotting.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Treach"er*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Treach"er*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Treach"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>trecher&iuml;e</i>, <i>trichere</i>, OF. <i>trecherie</i>,
<i>tricherie</i>, F. <i>tricherie</i> trickery, from <i>tricher</i> to
cheat, to trick, OF. <i>trichier</i>, <i>trechier</i>; probably of Teutonic
origin. See <u>Trickery</u>, <u>Trick</u>.] <def>Violation of allegiance or
of faith and confidence; treasonable or perfidious conduct; perfidy;
treason.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1533 !></p>

<p><blockquote>Be ware, ye lords, of their <i>treachery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the council chamber at Edinburgh, he had contracted a
deep taint of <i>treachery</i> and corruption.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Treach"e*tour</hw> (?), <hw>Treach"our</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Treacher</u>.] <def>A traitor.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Treachour</i> full of false despite."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trea"cle</hw> (tr&emacr;"k'l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>triacle</i> a sovereign remedy, theriac, OF. <i>triacle</i>, F.
<i>th&eacute;riaque</i> (cf. Pr. <i>triacla</i>, <i>tiriaca</i>, Sp. &amp; It.
<i>triaca</i>, <i>teriaca</i>), L. <i>theriaca</i> an antidote against the
bite of poisonous animals, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; of wild or venomous beasts, fr.
<grk>qhri`on</grk> a beast, a wild beast, dim. of <grk>qh`r</grk> a beast.
Cf. <u>Theriac</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Old Med.)</i> <def>A remedy
against poison. See <u>Theriac</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We kill the viper, and make <i>treacle</i> of
him.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sovereign remedy; a cure.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Christ which is to every harm <i>treacle</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Molasses; sometimes, specifically, the molasses
which drains from the sugar-refining molds, and which is also called
<i>sugarhouse molasses</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States <i>molasses</i> is the common name; in
England, <i>treacle</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A saccharine fluid, consisting of the
inspissated juices or decoctions of certain vegetables, as the sap of the
birch, sycamore, and the like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Treacle mustard</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to
several species of the cruciferous genus <i>Erysimum</i>, especially the
<i>E. cheiranthoides</i>, which was formerly used as an ingredient in
Venice treacle, or theriac.</cd> -- <col><b>Treacle water</b></col>, <cd>a
compound cordial prepared in different ways from a variety of ingredients,
as hartshorn, roots of various plants, flowers, juices of plants, wines,
etc., distilled or digested with Venice treacle. It was formerly regarded
as a medicine of great virtue.</cd> <i>Nares.</i> -- <col><b>Venice
treacle</b></col>. <i>(Old Med.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Theriac</u>,
1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trea"cly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or composed of,
treacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tread</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Trod</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Trodden</u> (?), <u>Trod</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Treading</u>.] [OE. <i>treden</i>, AS.
<i>tredan</i>; akin to OFries. <i>treda</i>, OS. <i>tredan</i>, D. &amp; LG.
<i>treden</i>, G. <i>treten</i>, OHG. <i>tretan</i>, Icel. <i>tro&?;a</i>,
Sw. <i>tr&aring;da</i>, <i>tr&auml;da</i>, Dan. <i>tr&aelig;de</i>, Goth.
<i>trudan</i>, and perhaps ultimately to F. <i>tramp</i>; cf. Gr. &?; a
running, Skr. <i>dram</i> to run.  Cf. <u>Trade</u>, <u>Tramp</u>,
<u>Trot</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set the foot; to step.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where'er you <i>tread</i>, the blushing flowers shall
rise.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fools rush in where angels fear to
<i>tread</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The hard stone<BR>
Under our feet, on which we <i>tread</i> and go.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk or go; especially, to walk with a
stately or a cautious step.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye that . . . stately <i>tread</i>, or lowly
creep.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To copulate; said of birds, esp. the
males.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To tread on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To trample; to set the foot on in contempt.</cd>
"Thou shalt <i>tread upon</i> their high places." <i>Deut. xxxiii. 29.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>to follow closely.</cd> "Year <i>treads on</i>
year." <i>Wordsworth.</i> -- <col><b>To tread upon the heels of</b></col>,
<cd>to follow close upon.</cd> "Dreadful consequences that <i>tread upon
the heels of</i> those allowances to sin." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One woe doth <i>tread upon</i> another's
<i>heel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tread</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To step
or walk on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forbid to <i>tread</i> the promised land he
saw.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Methought she <i>trod</i> the ground with greater
grace.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To beat or press with the feet; as, to
<i>tread</i> a path; to <i>tread</i> land when too light; a well-
<i>trodden</i> path.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go through or accomplish by walking, dancing,
or the like.</def> " I am resolved to forsake Malta, <i>tread</i> a
pilgrimage to fair Jerusalem."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They have measured many a mile,<BR>
To <i>tread</i> a measure with you on this grass.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To crush under the foot; to trample in contempt
or hatred; to subdue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through thy name will we <i>tread</i> them under that rise
up against us.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xliv. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To copulate with; to feather; to cover; -- said
of the male bird.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To tread out</b></col>, <cd>to press out with the feet; to press
out, as wine or wheat; as, <i>to tread out</i> grain with cattle or
horses.</cd> -- <col><b>To tread the stage</b></col>, <cd>to act as a
stageplayer; to perform a part in a drama.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tread</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A step or
stepping; pressure with the foot; a footstep; as, a nimble <i>tread</i>; a
cautious <i>tread</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is coming, my own, my sweet;<BR>
Were it ever so airy a <i>tread</i>,<BR>
My heart would hear her and beat.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manner or style of stepping; action; gait; as,
the horse has a good <i>tread</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Way; track; path.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of copulation in birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The upper horizontal part of a
step, on which the foot is placed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The top of the banquette, on
which soldiers stand to fire over the parapet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The part of a
wheel that bears upon the road or rail.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
part of a rail upon which car wheels bear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The chalaza of a bird's egg; the
treadle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A bruise or abrasion produced on
the foot or ankle of a horse that interferes. See <u>Interfere</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tread"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Arch.] <def>See
<u>Tread</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tread"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who treads.</def>
<i>Isa. xvi. 10.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tread"fowl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cock.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trea"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tredyl</i> a step,
AS. <i>tredel</i>. See <u>Tread</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part of a
foot lathe, or other machine, which is pressed or moved by the
foot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The chalaza of a bird's egg; the
tread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tread"mill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mill worked by
persons treading upon steps on the periphery of a wide wheel having a
horizontal axis. It is used principally as a means of prison discipline.
Also, a mill worked by horses, dogs, etc., treading an endless
belt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tread"-soft`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Spurge nettle. See under <u>Nettle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tread"wheel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wheel turned by
persons or animals, by treading, climbing, or pushing with the feet, upon
its periphery or face. See <u>Treadmill</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Treague</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>tregua</i>; of
Teutonic origin, and akin to E. <i>true</i>.] <def>A truce.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trea"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tresun</i>,
<i>treisun</i>, <i>traisoun</i>, OF. <i>tra&iuml;son</i>, F.
<i>trahison</i>, L. <i>traditio</i> a giving up, a delivering up, fr.
<i>tradere</i> to give up, betray. See <u>Traitor</u>, and cf.
<u>Tradition</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The offense of attempting to
overthrow the government of the state to which the offender owes
allegiance, or of betraying the state into the hands of a foreign power;
disloyalty; treachery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>treason</i> of the murthering in the
bed.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In monarchies, the killing of the sovereign, or an attempt to
take his life, is treason. In England, to imagine or compass the death of
the king, or of the queen consort, or of the heir apparent to the crown, is
<i>high treason</i>, as are many other offenses created by statute. In the
United States, treason is confined to the actual levying of war against the
United States, or to an adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and
comfort.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Loosely, the betrayal of any trust or
confidence; treachery; perfidy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If he be false, she shall his <i>treason</i>
see.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Petit treason</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Petit</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trea"son*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
treason; consisting of treason; involving the crime of treason, or
partaking of its guilt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Most men's heads had been intoxicated with imaginations of
plots and <i>treasonable</i> practices.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Treacherous; traitorous; perfidious; insidious.</p>

<p>--<wf>Trea"son*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Trea"son*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trea"son*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Treasonable.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>treasonous</i> book of the Court of King
James.</blockquote> <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Treas"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tresor</i>,
<i>tresour</i>, F. <i>tr&eacute;sor</i>, L. <i>thesaurus</i>, Gr. &?; a
stone laid up, treasure, probably from the root of &?; to put, place.  See
<u>Thesis</u>, and cf. <u>Thesaurus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wealth
accumulated; especially, a stock, or store of money in reserve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>treasure</i> hath fortune unto us
given.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A great quantity of anything collected for
future use; abundance; plenty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have <i>treasures</i> in the field, of wheat and of
barley, and of oil and of honey.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xli. 8.  </i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is very much valued.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye shall be peculiar <i>treasure</i> unto me.</blockquote>
<i>Ex. xix. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From thy wardrobe bring thy chiefest
<i>treasure</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Treasure city</b></col>, <cd>a city for stores and
magazines.</cd>  <i>Ex. i. 11.</i></p>

<p><hw>Treas"ure</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Treasured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Treasuring</u>.] <def>To collect and deposit, as money or other valuable
things, for future use; to lay up; to hoard; usually with <i>up</i>; as, to
<i>treasure</i> up gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Treas"ure-house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house or
building where treasures and stores are kept.</def></p>

<p><hw>Treas"ur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tresourer</i>, F.
<i>tr&eacute;sorier</i>.] <def>One who has the care of a treasure or
treasure or treasury; an officer who receives the public money arising from
taxes and duties, or other sources of revenue, takes charge of the same,
and disburses it upon orders made by the proper authority; one who has
charge of collected funds; as, the <i>treasurer</i> of a society or
corporation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Lord high treasurer of England</b></col>, <cd>formerly, the
third great officer of the crown. His office is now executed by five
persons styled the <i>lords commissioners of the treasury</i>, or
<i>treasury lords</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Treas"ur*er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of
treasurer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Treas"ur*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who is a
treasurer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Treas"ure-trove`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Treasure</i> +
OF. <i>trov&eacute;</i>, F. <i>trouv&eacute;</i>, p. p. of OF.
<i>trover</i> to find, F. <i>trouver.</i>  See <u>Trover</u>.] <i>(Common
Law)</i> <def>Any money, bullion, or the like, found in the earth, or
otherwise hidden, the owner of which is not known. In England such treasure
belongs to the crown; whereas similar treasure found in the sea, or upon
the surface of the land, belongs to the finder if no owner
appears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Treas"ur*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Treasuries</b></plw> (#). [OE.  <i>tresorie</i>, F.
<i>tr&eacute;sorerie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A place or building in
which stores of wealth are deposited; especially, a place where public
revenues are deposited and kept, and where money is disbursed to defray the
expenses of government; hence, also, the place of deposit and disbursement
of any collected funds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That department of a government which has charge
of the finances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A repository of abundance; a
storehouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a book or work containing much valuable
knowledge, wisdom, wit, or the like; a thesaurus; as, " Maunder's
<i>Treasury</i> of Botany."</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A treasure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Board of treasury</b></col>, <cd>the board to which is intrusted
the management of all matters relating to the sovereign's civil list or
other revenues.</cd> [Eng.] <i>Brande &amp; C.</i> -- <col><b>Treasury
bench</b></col>, <cd>the first row of seats on the right hand of the
Speaker in the House of Commons; -- so called because occupied by the first
lord of the treasury and chief minister of the crown.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Treasury lord</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Lord high treasurer of
England</i>, under <u>Treasurer</u>.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Treasury
note</b></col> <i>(U. S. Finance)</i>, <cd>a circulating note or bill
issued by government authority from the Treasury Department, and receivable
in payment of dues to the government.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Treat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Treated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Treating</u>.] [<u>OE</u>. <i>treten</i>, OF. <i>traitier</i>, F.
<i>traiter</i>, from L. <i>tractare</i> to draw violently, to handle,
manage, treat, v. intens. from <i>trahere</i>, <i>tractum</i>, to draw. See
<u>Trace</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Entreat</u>,
<u>Retreat</u>, <u>Trait</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To handle; to
manage; to use; to bear one's self toward; as, to <i>treat</i> prisoners
cruelly; to <i>treat</i> children kindly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To discourse on; to handle in a particular
manner, in writing or speaking; as, to <i>treat</i> a subject
diffusely.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To entertain with food or drink, especially the
latter, as a compliment, or as an expression of friendship or regard; as,
to <i>treat</i> the whole company.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To negotiate; to settle; to make terms
for.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>treat</i> the peace, a hundred senators<BR>
Shall be commissioned.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To care for medicinally or
surgically; to manage in the use of remedies or appliances; as, to
<i>treat</i> a disease, a wound, or a patient.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To subject to some action; to apply something
to; as, to <i>treat</i> a substance with sulphuric acid.</def>
<i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To entreat; to beseech.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ld.
Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Treat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
discourse; to handle a subject in writing or speaking; to make discussion;
-- usually with <i>of</i>; as, Cicero <i>treats</i> of old age and of
duties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And, shortly of this story for to <i>treat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now of love they <i>treat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To negotiate; to come to terms of accommodation;
-- often followed by <i>with</i>; as, envoys were appointed to <i>treat</i>
with France.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Inform us, will the emperor <i>treat</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give a gratuitous entertainment, esp. of food
or drink, as a compliment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Treat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A parley; a
conference.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Bid him battle without further <i>treat</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An entertainment given as an expression of
regard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which affords entertainment; a
gratification; a satisfaction; as, the concert was a rich
<i>treat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Treat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tretable</i>, F.
<i>traitable</i>, L. <i>tractabilis</i>. See <u>Treat</u>, and cf.
<u>Tractable</u>.] <def>Manageable; tractable; hence, moderate; not
violent.</def> [Obs.] " A <i>treatable</i> disposition, a strong memory."
<i>R. Parr.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A kind of <i>treatable</i> dissolution.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The heats or the colds of seasons are less <i>treatable</i>
than with us.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Treat"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a treatable
manner.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Treat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who treats; one who
handles, or discourses on, a subject; also, one who entertains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trea"tise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tretis</i>, OF.
<i>treitis</i>, <i>traitis</i>, well made. See <u>Treat</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A written composition on a particular subject, in
which its principles are discussed or explained; a tract.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He published a <i>treatise</i> in which he maintained that a
marriage between a member of the Church of England and a dissenter was a
nullity.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>treatise</i> implies more form and method than an
<i>essay</i>, but may fall short of the fullness and completeness of a
systematic exposition.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Story; discourse.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trea"tis*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who writes a
treatise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Treat"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>traitement</i>.
See <u>Treat</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or manner of treating;
management; manipulation; handling; usage; as, unkind <i>treatment</i>;
medical <i>treatment</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Entertainment; treat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Accept such <i>treatment</i> as a swain
affords.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trea"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Treatment.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trea"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Treaties</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>tretee</i>, F.
<i>trait&eacute;</i>, LL. <i>tractatus</i>; cf. L. <i>tractatus</i> a
handling, treatment, consultation, tractate. See <u>Treat</u>, and cf.
<u>Tractate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of treating for the
adjustment of differences, as for forming an agreement; negotiation.</def>
"By sly and wise <i>treaty</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He cast by <i>treaty</i> and by trains<BR>
Her to persuade.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An agreement so made; specifically, an
agreement, league, or contract between two or more nations or sovereigns,
formally signed by commissioners properly authorized, and solemnly ratified
by the several sovereigns, or the supreme power of each state; an agreement
between two or more independent states; as, a <i>treaty</i> of peace; a
<i>treaty</i> of alliance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A proposal tending to an agreement.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A treatise; a tract.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tre"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>treble</i> threefold,
OF. <i>treble</i>, <i>treible</i>, L. <i>triplus</i>. See <u>Triple</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Threefold; triple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lofty tower, and strong on every side<BR>
With <i>treble</i> walls.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Acute; sharp;
as, a <i>treble</i> sound.</def> <i>Bacon.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Playing or singing the highest part or most acute sounds; playing or
singing the treble; as, a <i>treble</i> violin or voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tre"ble</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Trebly; triply.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tre"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [" It has been said to be a
corruption of <i>triplum</i> [Lat.], a third part, superadded to the altus
and bassus (high and low)." <i>Grove.</i>] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The highest
of the four principal parts in music; the part usually sung by boys or
women; soprano.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This is sometimes called the <i>first treble</i>, to distinguish
it from the <i>second treble</i>, or <i>alto</i>, which is sung by lower
female voices.</p>

<p><hw>Tre"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trebled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trebling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make thrice as much; to make
threefold.</def> "Love <i>trebled</i> life."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter in a treble key; to whine.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He outrageously<BR>
(When I accused him) <i>trebled</i> his reply.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tre"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
threefold.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tre"ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being treble; as, the <i>trebleness</i> of tones.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Treb"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Triblet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tre"bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a treble manner;
with a threefold number or quantity; triply.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Treb"u*chet</hw> (?), <hw>Tre"buck*et</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>trebuchet</i>, <i>trebukiet</i>, an engine of
war for hurling stones, F. <i>tr&eacute;buchet</i> a gin, trap, a kind of
balance, fr. OF. <i>trebuchier</i>, <i>trebuquier</i>, to stumble, trip, F.
<i>tr&eacute;bucher</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cucking stool; a
tumbrel.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A military engine used in the Middle Ages for
throwing stones, etc.  It acted by means of a great weight fastened to the
short arm of a lever, which, being let fall, raised the end of the long arm
with great velocity, hurling stones with much force.
</def></p>

<p><! p. 1534 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of balance for weighing.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tre*chom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to run + <i>-
meter</i>.] <def>An odometer for vehicles.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Treck"schuyt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.
<i>trekschuit</i>; <i>trekken</i> to draw + <i>schuit</i> a boat.  Cf.
<u>Trackscout</u>.] <def>A covered boat for goods and passengers, used on
the Dutch and Flemish canals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tred"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Treadle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Treadle</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A prostitute; a strumpet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The dung of sheep or hares.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tre*dille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game at cards for
three.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tree</hw> (tr&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tree</i>,
<i>tre</i>, <i>treo</i>, AS. <i>tre&oacute;</i>, <i>tre&oacute;w</i>, tree,
wood; akin to OFries. <i>tr&emacr;</i>, OS. <i>treo</i>, <i>trio</i>, Icel.
<i>tr&emacr;</i>, Dan. <i>tr&aelig;</i>, Sw. <i>tr&auml;</i>,
<i>tr&auml;d</i>, Goth. <i>triu</i>, Russ. <i>drevo</i>, W. <i>derw</i> an
oak, Ir. <i>darag</i>, <i>darog</i>, Gr. <grk>dry^s</grk> a tree, oak,
<grk>do`ry</grk> a beam, spear shaft, spear, Skr. <i>dru</i> tree, wood,
<i>d&amacr;ru</i> wood. &radic;63, 241.  Cf. <u>Dryad</u>,
<u>Germander</u>, <u>Tar</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Trough</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any perennial woody plant of
considerable size (usually over twenty feet high) and growing with a single
trunk.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The kind of tree referred to, in any particular case, is often
indicated by a modifying word; as forest <i>tree</i>, fruit <i>tree</i>,
palm <i>tree</i>, apple <i>tree</i>, pear <i>tree</i>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something constructed in the form of, or
considered as resembling, a tree, consisting of a stem, or stock, and
branches; as, a genealogical <i>tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A piece of timber, or something commonly made of
timber; -- used in composition, as in axle<i>tree</i>, boot<i>tree</i>,
chess<i>tree</i>, cross<i>tree</i>, whiffle<i>tree</i>, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A cross or gallows; as Tyburn
<i>tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Jesus] whom they slew and hanged on a
<i>tree</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts x. 39.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Wood; timber.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In a great house ben not only vessels of gold and of silver
but also of <i>tree</i> and of earth.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (2 Tim. ii.
20).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A mass of crystals, aggregated in
arborescent forms, obtained by precipitation of a metal from solution. See
<i>Lead tree</i>, under <u>Lead</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tree bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the raccoon.</cd>
[Local, U. S.] -- <col><b>Tree beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>any
one of numerous species of beetles which feed on the leaves of trees and
shrubs, as the May beetles, the rose beetle, the rose chafer, and the
goldsmith beetle.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of numerous species of hemipterous insects which live upon, and
suck the sap of, trees and shrubs. They belong to <i>Arma</i>,
<i>Pentatoma</i>, <i>Rhaphigaster</i>, and allied genera.</cd> --
<col><b>Tree cat</b></col> <i>(Zool.)</i>, <cd>the common paradoxure
(<i>Paradoxurus musang</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Tree clover</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tall kind of melilot (<i>Melilotus alba</i>). See
<u>Melilot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the purse crab. See under <u>Purse</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree
creeper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of
arboreal creepers belonging to <i>Certhia</i>, <i>Climacteris</i>, and
allied genera. See <u>Creeper</u>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree
cricket</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a nearly white arboreal American
cricket (<i>Ecanthus niv&oelig;us</i>) which is noted for its loud
stridulation; -- called also <i>white cricket</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree
crow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of Old
World crows belonging to <i>Crypsirhina</i> and allied genera, intermediate
between the true crows and the jays. The tail is long, and the bill is
curved and without a tooth.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree dove</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>any one of several species of East Indian and
Asiatic doves belonging to <i>Macropygia</i> and allied genera. They have
long and broad tails, are chiefly arboreal in their habits, and feed mainly
on fruit.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
one of several species of ducks belonging to <i>Dendrocygna</i> and allied
genera. These ducks have a long and slender neck and a long hind toe. They
are arboreal in their habits, and are found in the tropical parts of
America, Africa, Asia, and Australia.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree fern</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an arborescent fern having a straight trunk, sometimes
twenty or twenty-five feet high, or even higher, and bearing a cluster of
fronds at the top. Most of the existing species are tropical.</cd> --
<col><b>Tree fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a California market
fish (<i>Sebastichthys serriceps</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Tree frog</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Same as <u>Tree toad</u>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Any one of numerous species of Old World frogs
belonging to <i>Chiromantis</i>, <i>Rhacophorus</i>, and allied genera of
the family <i>Ranid&aelig;</i>. Their toes are furnished with suckers for
adhesion. The flying frog (see under <u>Flying</u>) is an example.</cd> --
<col><b>Tree goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the bernicle
goose.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree hopper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
one of numerous species of small leaping hemipterous insects which live
chiefly on the branches and twigs of trees, and injure them by sucking the
sap. Many of them are very odd in shape, the prothorax being often
prolonged upward or forward in the form of a spine or crest.</cd> --
<col><b>Tree jobber</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a woodpecker.</cd>
[Obs.] -- <col><b>Tree kangaroo</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Kangaroo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree lark</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the tree pipit.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Tree lizard</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of a group of Old World arboreal lizards
(<i>Dendrosauria</i>) comprising the chameleons.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree
lobster</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Tree crab</i>,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
aphid; a plant louse.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree moss</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any moss or lichen growing on trees.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any species of moss in the form of a miniature
tree.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one
of several species of African mice of the subfamily
<i>Dendromyin&aelig;</i>. They have long claws and habitually live in
trees.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree nymph</b></col>, <cd>a wood nymph. See
<u>Dryad</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree of a saddle</b></col>, <cd>a saddle
frame.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree of heaven</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
ornamental tree (<i>Ailantus glandulosus</i>) having long, handsome pinnate
leaves, and greenish flowers of a disagreeable odor.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree
of life</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree of the genus Thuja; arbor
vit&aelig;.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree onion</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
species of garlic (<i>Allium proliferum</i>) which produces bulbs in place
of flowers, or among its flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree oyster</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small American oyster (<i>Ostrea folium</i>)
which adheres to the roots of the mangrove tree; -- called also <i>raccoon
oyster</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree pie</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
species of Asiatic birds of the genus <i>Dendrocitta</i>. The tree pies are
allied to the magpie.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree pigeon</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of longwinged arboreal
pigeons native of Asia, Africa, and Australia, and belonging to
<i>Megaloprepia</i>, <i>Carpophaga</i>, and allied genera.</cd> --
<col><b>Tree pipit</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Pipit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree porcupine</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of Central and South American arboreal
porcupines belonging to the genera <i>Ch&aelig;tomys</i> and
<i>Sphingurus</i>. They have an elongated and somewhat prehensile tail,
only four toes on the hind feet, and a body covered with short spines mixed
with bristles. One South American species (<i>S. villosus</i>) is called
also <i>couiy</i>; another (<i>S. prehensilis</i>) is called also
<i>c&oelig;ndou</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree rat</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of large ratlike West
Indian rodents belonging to the genera <i>Capromys</i> and
<i>Plagiodon</i>. They are allied to the porcupines.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree
serpent</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tree snake.</cd> --
<col><b>Tree shrike</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a bush shrike.</cd>
-- <col><b>Tree snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of snakes of the genus <i>Dendrophis</i>. They live
chiefly among the branches of trees, and are not venomous.</cd> --
<col><b>Tree sorrel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of sorrel (<i>Rumex
Lunaria</i>) which attains the stature of a small tree, and bears greenish
flowers. It is found in the Canary Islands and Teneriffe.</cd> --
<col><b>Tree sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>any one of several
species of small arboreal sparrows, especially the American tree sparrow
(<i>Spizella monticola</i>), and the common European species (<i>Passer
montanus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Tree swallow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of swallows of the genus <i>Hylochelidon</i>
which lay their eggs in holes in dead trees. They inhabit Australia and
adjacent regions. Called also <i>martin</i> in Australia.</cd> --
<col><b>Tree swift</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several
species of swifts of the genus <i>Dendrochelidon</i> which inhabit the East
Indies and Southern Asia.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree tiger</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a leopard.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree toad</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of amphibians
belonging to <i>Hyla</i> and allied genera of the family
<i>Hylid&aelig;</i>. They are related to the common frogs and toads, but
have the tips of the toes expanded into suckers by means of which they
cling to the bark and leaves of trees. Only one species (<i>Hyla
arborea</i>) is found in Europe, but numerous species occur in America and
Australia. The common tree toad of the Northern United States (<i>H.
versicolor</i>) is noted for the facility with which it changes its colors.
Called also <i>tree frog</i>. See also <i>Piping frog</i>, under
<u>Piping</u>, and <i>Cricket frog</i>, under <u>Cricket</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Tree warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several
species of arboreal warblers belonging to <i>Phylloscopus</i> and allied
genera.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree wool</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a fine fiber
obtained from the leaves of pine trees.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tree</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Treed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Treeing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive to a tree; to cause to
ascend a tree; as, a dog <i>trees</i> a squirrel.</def>  <i>J.
Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place upon a tree; to fit with a tree; to
stretch upon a tree; as, to <i>tree</i> a boot. See <u>Tree</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tree"beard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
pendulous branching lichen (<i>Usnea barbata</i>); -- so called from its
resemblance to hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tree"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Treefuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The quantity or number which fills a
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tree"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of trees.</def>
<i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Treen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>tre&oacute;wen</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made of wood; wooden.</def> [Obs.] " <i>Treen</i>
cups."  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Relating to, or drawn from, trees.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Treen</i> liquors, especially that of the
date.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Treen</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Tree</u>.</def> "
The shady <i>treen</i>."  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tree"nail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Tree + nail.]
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A long wooden pin used in fastening the planks
of a vessel to the timbers or to each other.</def> [Written also
<i>trenail</i>, and <i>trunnel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tre"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tr&eacute;fle</i>. See
<u>Trefoil</u>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A species of time; -- so called from
its resemblance in form to a trefoil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tr&eacute;`fl&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>tr&eacute;fl&eacute;</i>. See <u>Trefoil</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having
a three-lobed extremity or extremities, as a cross; also, more rarely,
ornamented with trefoils projecting from the edges, as a bearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tre"foil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tres</i> three + E.
<i>foil</i> leaf; cf. F. <i>fr&egrave;fle</i>, It. <i>trifoglio</i>, L.
<i>trifolium</i>. See <u>Tri-</u>, <u>Foil</u> leaf, and cf.
<u>Trifoly</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the
genus <i>Trifolium</i>, which includes the white clover, red clover, etc.;
-- less properly, applied also to the nonesuch, or black medic. See
<u>Clover</u>, and <u>Medic</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornamental foliation
consisting of three divisions, or foils.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A charge representing the clover
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tre"foiled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Tr&eacute;fl&eacute;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Treg"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tregetour</u>.]
<def>Guile; trickery.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Treg"et*our</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tresgeteor</i>.
See <u>Trans-</u>, and <u>Jet</u> a shooting forth.] <def>A juggler who
produces illusions by the use of elaborate machinery.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Divers appearances<BR>
Such as these subtle <i>tregetours</i> play.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Treg"et*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Trickery; also, a
trick.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tre*ha"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
amorphous variety of manna obtained from the nests and cocoons of a Syrian
coleopterous insect (<i>Larinus maculatus</i>, <i>L. nidificans</i>, etc.)
which feeds on the foliage of a variety of thistle. It is used as an
article of food, and is called also <i>nest sugar</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tre"ha*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Mycose; -- so called because sometimes obtained from
<i>trehala</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Treil"lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>treillage</i>. See
<u>Trellis</u>.] <def>Latticework for supporting vines, etc.; an espalier;
a trellis.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall plant the roses against my <i>treillage</i> to-
morrow.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trel"lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>relis</i>, F.
<i>treillis</i>, fr. <i>treille</i> vine arbor, fr. L. <i>tricla</i>,
<i>triclea</i>, <i>triclia</i>, a bower, arbor, summer house.] <def>A
structure or frame of crossbarred work, or latticework, used for various
purposes, as for screens or for supporting plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trel"lised</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a trellis or
trellises.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cottages <i>trellised</i> over with exotic
plants.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tre*man"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Trembling; -- used as a direction to perform a passage with a general
shaking of the whole chord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trem"a*tode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Trematodea. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trem`a*to"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?; having holes, from &?;, &?;, a hole.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
extensive order of parasitic worms. They are found in the internal cavities
of animals belonging to all classes. Many species are found, also, on the
gills and skin of fishes. A few species are parasitic on man, and some, of
which the fluke is the most important, are injurious parasites of domestic
animals. The trematodes usually have a flattened body covered with a
chitinous skin, and are furnished with two or more suckers for adhesion.
Most of the species are hermaphrodite. Called also <i>Trematoda</i>, and
<i>Trematoidea</i>. See <u>Fluke</u>, <u>Tristoma</u>, and
<u>Cercaria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trem"a*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?;, &?;, a
hole + &?; form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Trematodea. See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trem"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trembled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trembling</u> (?).] [F. <i>trembler</i>, fr. L. <i>tremulus</i>
trembling, tremulous, fr. <i>tremere</i> to shake, tremble; akin to Gr.
&?;, Lith. <i>trimti</i>.  Cf. <u>Tremulous</u>, <u>Tremor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shake involuntarily, as with fear, cold, or
weakness; to quake; to quiver; to shiver; to shudder; -- said of a person
or an animal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>tremble</i> still with fear.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Frighted Turnus <i>trembled</i> as he spoke.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To totter; to shake; -- said of a
thing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Mount of Sinai, whose gray top<BR>
Shall <i>tremble</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To quaver or shake, as sound; to be tremulous;
as the voice <i>trembles</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trem"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An involuntary shaking or
quivering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am all of a <i>tremble</i> when I think of
it.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trem"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
trembles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trem"bling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaking; tottering;
quivering.</def> -- <wf>Trem"bling*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Trembling poplar</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the
aspen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Tre*mel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>tremere</i>, to tremble: cf. It. <i>tremella</i>, F. <i>tremelle</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of gelatinous fungi found in moist
grounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tre*men"dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tremendus</i>
that is to be trembled at, fearful, fr. <i>tremere</i> to tremble. See
<u>Tremble</u>.] <def>Fitted to excite fear or terror; such as may astonish
or terrify by its magnitude, force, or violence; terrible; dreadful; as, a
<i>tremendous</i> wind; a <i>tremendous</i> shower; a <i>tremendous</i>
shock or fall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>tremendous</i> mischief was a foot.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Terrible; dreadful; frightful; terrific; horrible;
awful.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Tre*men"dous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tre*men"dous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Tre"mex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of large hymenopterous insects allied to the sawflies. The
female lays her eggs in holes which she bores in the trunks of trees with
her large and long ovipositor, and the larva bores in the wood. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Horntail</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The pigeon tremex (<i>Tremex columba</i>), a common American
species, infests the elm, pear, and other trees.</p>

<p><hw>||Tre*mo*lan"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Tremando</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trem"o*lite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Tremola</i>, a
valley in the Alps, where it was discovered.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A white
variety of amphibole, or hornblende, occurring in long, bladelike crystals,
and coarsely fibrous masses.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tre"mo*lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.  Cf.
<u>Tremulous</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The rapid
reiteration of tones without any apparent cessation, so as to produce a
tremulous effect.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A certain contrivance in
an organ, which causes the notes to sound with rapid pulses or beats,
producing a tremulous effect; -- called also <i>tremolant</i>, and
<i>tremulant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tre"mor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from <i>tremere</i> to
tremble. See <u>Tremble</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A trembling; a
shivering or shaking; a quivering or vibratory motion; as, the
<i>tremor</i> of a person who is weak, infirm, or old.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He fell into an universal <i>tremor</i> of all his
joints.</blockquote> <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trem"u*lant</hw> (?), <hw>Trem"u*lent</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tremulous; trembling; shaking.</def> [R.] " With
<i>tremulent</i> white rod."  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trem"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tremulus</i>, fr.
<i>tremere</i> to tremble. See <u>Tremble</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Shaking; shivering; quivering; as, a <i>tremulous</i> limb; a
<i>tremulous</i> motion of the hand or the lips; the <i>tremulous</i> leaf
of the poplar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with fear or timidity;
trembling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tender, <i>tremulous</i> Christian.</blockquote> <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Trem"u*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Trem"u*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1535 !></p>

<p><hw>Tren</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Treen</u> wooden.]
<def>A fish spear.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tre"nail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Treenail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trench</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trenched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trenching</u>.] [OF. <i>trenchier</i> to cut, F. <i>trancher</i>; akin
to Pr. <i>trencar</i>, <i>trenchar</i>, Sp. <i>trinchar</i>, It.
<i>trinciare</i>; of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut; to
form or shape by cutting; to make by incision, hewing, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wide wound that the boar had <i>trenched</i><BR>
In his soft flank.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This weak impress of love is as a figure<BR>
<i>Trenched</i> in ice, which with an hour's heat<BR>
Dissolves to water, and doth lose its form.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>To fortify by cutting a ditch,
and raising a rampart or breastwork with the earth thrown out of the ditch;
to intrench.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No more shall <i>trenching</i> war channel her
fields.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut furrows or ditches in; as, to
<i>trench</i> land for the purpose of draining it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To dig or cultivate very deeply, usually by
digging parallel contiguous trenches in succession, filling each from the
next; as, to <i>trench</i> a garden for certain crops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trench</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
encroach; to intrench.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Does it not seem as if for a creature to challenge to itself
a boundless attribute, were to <i>trench</i> upon the prerogative of the
divine nature?</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have direction; to aim or tend.</def> [R.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To trench at</b></col>, <cd>to make trenches against; to
approach by trenches, as a town in besieging it.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Like powerful armies, <i>trenching at</i> a town<BR>
By slow and silent, but resistless, sap.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trench</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trenche</i>, F.
<i>tranch&eacute;e</i>. See <u>Trench</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long, narrow cut in the earth; a ditch; as, a
<i>trench</i> for draining land.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An alley; a narrow path or walk cut through
woods, shrubbery, or the like.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In a <i>trench</i>, forth in the park, goeth
she.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>An excavation made during a
siege, for the purpose of covering the troops as they advance toward the
besieged place. The term includes the <i>parallels</i> and the
<i>approaches</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To open the trenches</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to begin to
dig or to form the lines of approach.</cd> -- <col><b>Trench
cavalier</b></col> <i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>an elevation constructed (by a
besieger) of gabions, fascines, earth, and the like, about half way up the
glacis, in order to discover and enfilade the covered way.</cd> --
<col><b>Trench plow</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Trench plough</b></col>,
<cd>a kind of plow for opening land to a greater depth than that of common
furrows.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trench"and</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Trenchant.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trench"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>trenchant</i>, F.
<i>tranchant</i>, p. pr. See <u>Trench</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fitted to trench or cut; gutting; sharp.</def> "
<i>Trenchant</i> was the blade."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Keen; biting; severe; as, <i>trenchant</i>
wit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trench"ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a trenchant, or
sharp, manner; sharply; severely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trench"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trencheoir</i>, F.
<i>tranchoir</i>, fr. <i>trancher</i> to cut, carve. See <u>Trench</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who trenches; esp.,
one who cuts or digs ditches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large wooden plate or platter, as for table
use.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The table; hence, the pleasures of the table;
food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It could be no ordinary declension of nature that could
bring some men, after an ingenuous education, to place their "summum bonum"
upon their <i>trenchers</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Trencher cap</b></col>, <cd>the cap worn by studens at Oxford
and Cambridge Universities, having a stiff, flat, square appendage at top.
A similar cap used in the United States is called <i>Oxford cap</i>,
<i>mortar board</i>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Trencher fly</b></col>, <cd>a
person who haunts the tables of others; a parasite.</cd> [R.]
<i>L'Estrange.</i> -- <col><b>Trencher friend</b></col>, <cd>one who
frequents the tables of others; a sponger.</cd> -- <col><b>Trencher
mate</b></col>, <cd>a table companion; a parasite; a trencher fly.</cd>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trench"er-man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trencher-men</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A feeder; a great eater; a gormandizer.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cook.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The skillfulest <i>trencher-men</i> of Media.</blockquote>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A table companion; a trencher mate.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trench"more</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of lively
dance of a rude, boisterous character. Also, music in triple time
appropriate to the dance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>All the windows in the town dance new
<i>trenchmore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trench"more</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To dance the
trenchmore.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trench"-plow"</hw>, <hw>Trench"-plough`</hw>  } (-plou`),
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To plow with deep furrows, for the purpose of
loosening the land to a greater depth than usual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trend</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Trended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Trending</u>.] [OE.
<i>trenden</i> to roll or turn about; akin to OFries. <i>trind</i>,
<i>trund</i>, round, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>trind</i>, AS. <i>trendel</i> a circle,
ring, and E. <i>trendle</i>, <i>trundle</i>.] <def>To have a particular
direction; to run; to stretch; to tend; as, the shore of the sea
<i>trends</i> to the southwest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trend</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to turn; to
bend.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not far beneath i' the valley as she <i>trends</i><BR>
Her silver stream.</blockquote> <i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trend</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inclination in a particular
direction; tendency; general direction; as, the <i>trend</i> of a
coast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trend of an anchor</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The lower end of the shank of an anchor, being the same distance on the
shank from the throat that the arm measures from the throat to the
bill.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The angle made by
the line of a vessel's keel and the direction of the anchor cable, when she
is swinging at anchor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. G. &amp; OD. <i>trennen</i>
to separate.] <def>To cleanse, as wool.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Trend</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Clean wool.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Trend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose business is
to free wool from its filth.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tren"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>trendel</i>,
<i>tryndel</i>, circle, ring. See <u>Trend</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>Trundle</u>.] <def>A wheel, spindle, or the like; a
trundle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The shaft the wheel, the wheel, the <i>trendle</i>
turns.</blockquote> <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tren"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>trentale</i>, fr. L.
<i>triginta</i> thirty; akin to <i>tres</i> three: cf. OF. <i>trentel</i>.
See <u>Three</u>, and cf. <u>Trigintal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <def>An office and mass for the dead on the thirtieth day after
death or burial.</def> "Their <i>trentals</i> and their shrifts."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a dirge; an elegy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tren"ton pe"ri*od</hw> (?). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A subdivision in the
lower Silurian system of America; -- so named from <i>Trenton</i> Falls, in
New York. The rocks are mostly limestones, and the period is divided into
the <i>Trenton</i>, <i>Utica</i>, and <i>Cincinnati epochs</i>. See the
<i>Chart</i> of <u>Geology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tre*pan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tr&eacute;pan</i>
(cf. Sp. <i>tr&eacute;pano</i>, It. <i>trepano</i>, <i>trapano</i>), LL.
<i>trepanum</i>, fr. Gr. &?; a borer, auger, trepan, fr. &?; to bore, &?; a
hole.  Cf. <u>Trephine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A
crown-saw or cylindrical saw for perforating the skull, turned, when used,
like a bit or gimlet. See <u>Trephine</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A kind of broad chisel for
sinking shafts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tre*pan"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trepanned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trepanning</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>tr&eacute;paner</i>. See <u>Trepan</u> a
saw.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>To perforate (the skull) with a trepan, so as to
remove a portion of the bone, and thus relieve the brain from pressure or
irritation; to perform an operation with the trepan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tre*pan"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Trapan</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A snare; a trapan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Snares and <i>trepans</i> that common life lays in its
way.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>a deceiver; a cheat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had been from the beginning a spy and a
<i>trepan</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tre*pan"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To insnare; to trap; to
trapan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Guards even of a dozen men were silently <i>trepanned</i>
from their stations.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tre*pang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>tr&imacr;pang</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of large holothurians, some of which are dried and extensively used as food
in China; -- called also <i>b&ecirc;che de mer</i>, <i>sea cucumber</i>,
and <i>sea slug</i>.</def> [Written also <i>tripang</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The edible trepangs are mostly large species of
<i>Holothuria</i>, especially <i>H. edulis</i>. They are taken in vast
quantities in the East Indies, where they are dried and smoked, and then
shipped to China. They are used as an ingredient in certain kinds of
soup.</p>

<p><hw>Trep"an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To trepan.</def>
[Obs.] "By <i>trepanizing</i> the skull."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tre*pan"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
trepans.</def> " Pitiful <i>trepanners</i> and impostors."
<i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trep"e*get</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A
trebuchet.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tre*phine"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A dim. of 1st
<i>trepan</i>: cf. F. <i>tr&eacute;phine</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An
instrument for trepanning, being an improvement on the trepan. It is a
circular or cylindrical saw, with a handle like that of a gimlet, and a
little sharp perforator called the <i>center pin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tre*phine"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trephined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trephining</u>.] <def>To perforate with a trephine; to trepan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trep"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trepidus</i>.]
<def>Trembling; quaking.</def>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trep`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>tr&eacute;pidation</i>, L. <i>trepidatio</i>, fr. <i>trepidare</i> to
hurry with alarm, to tremble, from <i>trepidus</i> agitated, disturbed,
alarmed; cf. <i>trepit</i> he turns, Gr. &?; to turn, E. <i>torture</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An involuntary trembling, sometimes an effect of
paralysis, but usually caused by terror or fear; quaking;
quivering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a state of terror or alarm; fear;
confusion; fright; as, the men were in great <i>trepidation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Astron.)</i> <def>A libration of the starry
sphere in the Ptolemaic system; a motion ascribed to the firmament, to
account for certain small changes in the position of the ecliptic and of
the stars.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Tremor; agitation; disturbance; fear.</p>

<p><hw>Tre*pid"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Trepidation.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tres"ayle`</hw> (tr&ebreve;s"&amacr;l`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>trisa&iuml;eul</i>, from L. <i>tris</i>, <i>tres</i>, three + F.
<i>a&iuml;eul</i> grandfather.  Cf. <u>Besaiel</u>, and see <u>Ayle</u>.]
<def>A grandfather's grandfather.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Writ of tresayle</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a writ
which lay for a man claiming as heir to his grandfather's grandfather, to
recover lands of which he had been deprived by an abatement happening on
the ancestor's death.</cd>  <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tres"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Treasure.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tres"pass</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trespassed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trespassing</u>.] [<u>OF</u>. <i>trespasser</i> to go across or over,
transgress, F. <i>tr&eacute;passer</i> to die; pref. <i>tres-</i> (L.
<i>trans</i> across, over) + <i>passer</i> to pass. See <u>Pass</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Transpass</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pass beyond a limit or boundary; hence, to depart; to go.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Soon after this, noble Robert de Bruce . . .
<i>trespassed</i> out of this uncertain world.</blockquote> <i>Ld.
Berners.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To commit a trespass; esp., to
enter unlawfully upon the land of another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go too far; to put any one to inconvenience
by demand or importunity; to intrude; as, to <i>trespass</i> upon the time
or patience of another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To commit any offense, or to do any act that
injures or annoys another; to violate any rule of rectitude, to the injury
of another; hence, in a moral sense, to transgress voluntarily any divine
law or command; to violate any known rule of duty; to sin; -- often
followed by <i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the time of his distress did he <i>trespass</i> yet more
against the Lord.</blockquote> <i>2 Chron. xxviii. 22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tres"pass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>trespas</i>, F.
<i>tr&eacute;pas</i> death. See <u>Trespass</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any injury or offence done to another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I you forgive all wholly this <i>trespass</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If ye forgive not men their <i>trespasses</i>, neither will
your Father forgive your <i>trespasses</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vi.
15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any voluntary transgression of the moral law;
any violation of a known rule of duty; sin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fatal <i>trespass</i> done by Eve.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You . . . who were dead in <i>trespasses</i> and
sins.</blockquote> <i>Eph. if. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An unlawful act
committed with force and violence (<i>vi et armis</i>) on the person,
property, or relative rights of another.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
action for injuries accompanied with force.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trespass offering</b></col> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i>, <cd>an
offering in expiation of a trespass.</cd> -- <col><b>Trespass on the
case</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See <i>Action on the case</i>, under
<u>Case</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Offense; breach; infringement; transgression;
misdemeanor; misdeed.</p>

<p><hw>Tres"pass*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who commits a
trespass</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who enters
upon another's land, or violates his rights.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A transgressor of the moral law; an offender; a sinner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tresse</i>, OF.
<i>trece</i>, F. <i>tresse</i>, LL. <i>tricia</i>, fr. Gr.
<grk>tri`cha</grk> threefold, because a tress is usually formed by
interlacing three pieces; akin to <grk>trei^s</grk> three. See
<u>Three</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A braid, knot, or curl, of hair; a
ringlet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her yellow hair was braided in a <i>tress</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair <i>tresses</i> man's imperial race
insnare.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A knot or festoon, as of flowers.</def>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tressed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having tresses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formed into ringlets or braided; braided;
curled.</def>  <i>Spenser. Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tres"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trestle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tress"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tressy.</def> [R.]
<i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tres"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tresser</i> to
twist, plait. See <u>Tress</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A
kind of border similar to the orle, but of only half the breadth of the
latter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tres"sured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Provided or bound with a tressure; arranged in the form of a
tressure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tressured</i> fleur-de-lis he claims<BR>
To wreathe his shield.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tress"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
tresses.</def>  <i>J. Baillie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tres"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>trestel</i>,
<i>tresteay</i>, F. <i>tr&eacute;teau</i>; probably from L.
<i>transtillum</i> a little crossbeam, dim. of <i>transtrum</i> a
crossbeam.  Cf. <u>Transom</u>.] [Written also <i>tressel</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A movable frame or support for anything, as
scaffolding, consisting of three or four legs secured to a top piece, and
forming a sort of stool or horse, used by carpenters, masons, and other
workmen; also, a kind of framework of strong posts or piles, and
crossbeams, for supporting a bridge, the track of a railway, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The frame of a table.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trestle board</b></col>, <cd>a board used by architects,
draughtsmen, and the like, for drawing designs upon; -- so called because
commonly supported by trestles.</cd> -- <col><b>Trestle bridge</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Bridge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Tres"tle*tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>One of two strong bars of timber, fixed horizontally on the opposite
sides of the masthead, to support the crosstrees and the frame of the top;
-- generally used in the plural.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tres"tle*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A viaduct, pier,
scaffold, or the like, resting on trestles connected together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tres"-tyne`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tris</i>,
<i>tres</i>, three + E. <i>tyne</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>In the
antler of a stag, the third tyne above the base. This tyne appears in the
third year. In those deer in which the brow tyne does not divide, the tres-
tyne is the second tyne above the base. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Rucervine</u>, and under <u>Rusine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tret</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Tread</u>, for <i>treadeth</i>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tret</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>traite</i> a drawing,
trading, journey, tax on wares in transit, anything diminishing the value
of coins, fr. OF. <i>traire</i> to draw, L. <i>trahere</i>. See
<u>Trait</u>.] <i>(Com.)</i> <def>An allowance to purchasers, for waste or
refuse matter, of four pounds on every 104 pounds of suttle weight, or
weight after the tare deducted.</def>  <i>M'Culloch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tret"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Treatable</u>.]
<def>Tractable; moderate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By nature debonaire and <i>tretable</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Treth"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>treth</i> an
allowance, contribution, tribute, or tax, <i>trethu</i> to rate or tax.]
<def>A tax; an impost.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tre"tis</hw> (?), <hw>Tre"tys</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Treatise</u>.] <def>A treatise; also, a treaty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tre*tis"</hw> (?), <hw>Tre*tys"</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>traitis</i>.] <def>Long and well-proportioned; nicely made;
pretty.</def> [Obs.] "Her nose <i>tretys</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tre"vat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A weaver's cutting
instrument; for severing the loops of the pile threads of velvet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trev"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Trivet</u>.] <def>A
stool or other thing supported by three legs; a trivet.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1536 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trew</hw> (?), <hw>Trewe</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>True.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trews</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Trowsers; especially,
those of the Scotch Highlanders.</def> "He wore the <i>trews</i>, or close
trowsers, made of tartan."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trewth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Truth.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>treis</i> three, F.
<i>trois</i>, L. <i>tres</i>. See <u>Three</u>, and cf. <u>Tray-trip</u>.]
<def>Three, at cards, dice, or dominoes; a card, die, or domino of three
spots or pips.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seven is my chance and thine is cinq and
<i>trey</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri-</hw> (?). [Gr. <grk>tri-</grk> or L. <i>tri-</i>, sometimes
through French; akin to L. <i>tres</i> three, and E. <i>three</i>. See
<u>Three</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A prefix meaning <i>three</i>, <i>thrice</i>,
<i>threefold</i>; as in <i>tri</i>colored, <i>tri</i>dentate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix (also used adjectively)
denoting <i>three proportional or combining part</i>, or <i>the third
degree</i> of that to the name of which it is prefixed; as in
<i>tri</i>sulphide, <i>tri</i>oxide, <i>tri</i>chloride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Try</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fit or possible to be tried; liable to be subjected
to trial or test.</def> "Experiments <i>triable</i>."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Liable to undergo a judicial
examination; properly coming under the cognizance of a court; as, a cause
may be <i>triable</i> before one court which is not <i>triable</i> in
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being triable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*ac"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>acid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of neutralizing three molecules
of a monobasic acid or the equivalent; having three hydrogen atoms which
may be acid radicals; -- said of certain bases; thus, glycerin is a
<i>triacid</i> base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"a*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Treacle</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri`a*con`ta*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thirty
+ &?; seat, base.] <def>Having thirty sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"a*con`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
thirty.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A vessel with thirty banks of oars, or,
as some say, thirty ranks of rowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trias</i>, <i>-
adis</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr.&?;, &?;, three: cf. F. <i>triade</i>. See
<u>Three</u>, and cf. <u>Trias</u>, <u>Trio</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
union of three; three objects treated as one; a ternary; a trinity; as, a
<i>triad</i> of deities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A chord of
three notes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The common chord, consisting of
a tone with its third and fifth, with or without the octave.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An element or radical whose
valence is three.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Triads of the Welsh bards</b></col>, <cd>poetical histories, in
which the facts recorded are grouped by threes, three things or
circumstances of a kind being mentioned together.</cd> -- <col><b>Hindu
triad</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Trimurti</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tri`a*del"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
Gr. &?; brother.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having stamens joined by filaments
into three bundles. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Adelphous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*ad"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having
the characteristics of a triad; as, boron is <i>triadic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"a*kis*oc`ta*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
thrice + E. <i>octahedron</i>.] <i>(Crystalloq.)</i> <def>A trigonal
trisoctahedron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Try</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of trying or testing in any manner.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any effort or exertion of strength for the
purpose of ascertaining what can be done or effected.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I] defy thee to the <i>trial</i> of mortal
fight.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The act of testing by experience; proof;
test.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Repeated <i>trials</i> of the issues and events of
actions.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Examination by a test; experiment, as in
chemistry, metallurgy, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being tried or tempted; exposure to
suffering that tests strength, patience, faith, or the like; affliction or
temptation that exercises and proves the graces or virtues of
men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Others had <i>trial</i> of cruel mockings and
scourgings.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xi. 36.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which tries or afflicts; that which
harasses; that which tries the character or principles; that which tempts
to evil; as, his child's conduct was a sore <i>trial</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every station is exposed to some <i>trials</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The formal examination of the
matter in issue in a cause before a competent tribunal; the mode of
determining a question of fact in a court of law; the examination, in legal
form, of the facts in issue in a cause pending before a competent tribunal,
for the purpose of determining such issue.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Test; attempt; endeavor; effort; experiment; proof;
essay. See <u>Test</u>, and <u>Attempt</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Tri*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tres</i>,
<i>tria</i>, three.] <def>Three united; state of being three.</def> [R.]
<i>H. Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"a*logue</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>trialogus</i>;
<i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>-logus</i> as, in L. <i>dialogus</i>, E.
<i>dialogue</i>.] <def>A discourse or colloquy by three persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*am"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>tri-</i> +
<i>amine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An amide containing three amido
groups.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>amine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An amine containing three amido
groups.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"an`der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one
of the Triandria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*an"dri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Tri-
</u>, and <u>-androus</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an class of
plants having three distinct and equal stamens.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*an"dri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*an"drous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>triandre</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Triandria; having three distinct and equal stamens in the
same flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"an`gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>triangulum</i>, fr.
<i>triangulus</i> triangular; <i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) +
<i>angulus</i> angle: cf. F. <i>triangle</i>. See <u>Angle</u> a corner.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A figure bounded by three lines, and
containing three angles.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A triangle is either <i>plane</i>, <i>spherical</i>, <i>or
curvilinear</i>, according as its sides are straight lines, or arcs of
great circles of a sphere, or any curved lines whatever. A plane triangle
is designated as <i>scalene</i>, <i>isosceles</i>, <i>or equilateral</i>,
according as it has no two sides equal, two sides equal, or all sides
equal; and also as <i>right-angled</i>, or <i>oblique-angled</i>, according
as it has one right angle, or none; and oblique-angled triangle is either
<i>acute-angled</i>, or <i>obtuse-angled</i>, according as all the angles
are acute, or one of them obtuse. The terms <i>scalene</i>,
<i>isosceles</i>, <i>equilateral</i>, <i>right-angled</i>, <i>acute-
angled</i>, and <i>obtuse-angled</i>, are applied to spherical triangles in
the same sense as to plane triangles.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument of percussion,
usually made of a rod of steel, bent into the form of a triangle, open at
one angle, and sounded by being struck with a small metallic rod.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A draughtsman's square in the form of a right-
angled triangle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kind of frame formed of three
poles stuck in the ground and united at the top, to which soldiers were
bound when undergoing corporal punishment, -- now disused.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
constellation situated between Aries and Andromeda.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small constellation near the South Pole,
containing three bright stars.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Triangle spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
American spider (<i>Hyptiotes Americanus</i>) of the family
<i>Ciniflonid&aelig;</i>, living among the dead branches of evergreen
trees. It constructs a triangular web, or net, usually composed of four
radii crossed by a double elastic fiber. The spider holds the thread at the
apex of the web and stretches it tight, but lets go and springs the net
when an insect comes in contact with it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tri"an`gled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having three angles;
triangular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*an"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>triangularis</i>: cf. F. <i>triangulaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having three angles; having the form of a triangle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Oblong or elongated, and having
three lateral angles; as, a <i>triangular</i> seed, leaf, or
stem.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Triangular compasses</b></col>, <cd>compasses with three legs
for taking off the angular points of a triangle, or any three points at the
same time.</cd> -- <col><b>Triangular crab</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any maioid crab; -- so called because the carapace is usually
triangular.</cd> -- <col><b>Triangular numbers</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>the series of numbers formed by the successive sums of the terms of an
arithmetical progression, of which the first term and the common difference
are 1. See <i>Figurate numbers</i>, under <u>Figurate</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*an`gu*la"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The triangular, or maioid, crabs. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Maioid</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Spider
crab</i>, under <u>Spider</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*an`gu*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being triangular.</def>  <i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*an"gu*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
triangular manner; in the form of a triangle.</def>  <i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*an"gu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Triangulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Triangulating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide into triangles;
specifically, to survey by means of a series of triangles properly laid
down and measured.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make triangular, or three-cornered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*an`gu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>triangulation</i>.] <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>The series or network of
triangles into which the face of a country, or any portion of it, is
divided in a trigonometrical survey; the operation of measuring the
elements necessary to determine the triangles into which the country to be
surveyed is supposed to be divided, and thus to fix the positions and
distances of the several points connected by them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"ar*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Triarchies</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?;; &?;  (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?; to
rule.] <def>Government by three persons; a triumvirate; also, a country
under three rulers.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*a"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>triarii</i>,
<i>pl</i>., a class of Roman soldiers who formed the third rank from the
front, fr. <i>tres</i>, <i>tria</i>, three.] <def>Occupying the third post
or rank.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri`ar*tic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i>
+ <i> articulate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having three
joints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., triad. See <u>Triad</u>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The formation situated between the Permian and Lias,
and so named by the Germans, because consisting of three series of strata,
which are called in German the <i>Bunter sandstein</i>, <i>Muschelkalk</i>,
and <i>Keuper</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*as"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of the
age of, or pertaining to, the <i>Trias</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The Triassic formation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A term
used in the phrase <i>triatic stay</i>. See under <u>Stay</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`a*tom"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>atomic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having three atoms;
-- said of certain elements or radicals.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Having a valence of three; trivalent; sometimes, in a specific sense,
having three hydroxyl groups, whether acid or basic; thus, glycerin,
glyceric acid, and tartronic acid are each <i>triatomic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trib"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
tribe or tribes; as, a <i>tribal</i> scepter.</def>  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trib"al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
existing in tribes; also, tribal feeling; tribal prejudice or
exclusiveness; tribal peculiarities or characteristics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*ba"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>basic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of neutralizing three molecules
of a monacid base, or their equivalent; having three hydrogen atoms capable
of replacement by basic elements on radicals; -- said of certain acids;
thus, citric acid is a <i>tribasic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trib"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paper Manuf.)</i> <def>A
frame on which paper is dried.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tribe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tribus</i>, originally,
a third part of the Roman people, afterwards, a division of the people, a
tribe; of uncertain origin: cf. F. <i>tribu</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A family, race, or series of generations,
descending from the same progenitor, and kept distinct, as in the case of
the twelve tribes of Israel, descended from the twelve sons of Jacob.</def>
"The Lion of the <i>tribe</i> of Juda."  <i>Rev. v. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A wealthy Hebrew of my <i>tribe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A number of species or genera
having certain structural characteristics in common; as, a <i>tribe</i> of
plants; a <i>tribe</i> of animals.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By many recent naturalists, <i>tribe</i> has been used for a
group of animals or plants intermediate between <i>order</i> and
<i>genus</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A nation of savages or uncivilized people; a
body of rude people united under one leader or government; as, the
<i>tribes</i> of the Six Nations; the Seneca <i>tribe</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A division, class, or distinct portion of a
people, from whatever cause that distinction may have originated; as, the
city of Athens was divided into ten <i>tribes</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Breeding)</i> <def>A family of animals
descended from some particular female progenitor, through the female line;
as, the Duchess <i>tribe</i> of shorthorns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tribe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To distribute into tribes
or classes.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our fowl, fish, and quadruped are well
<i>tribed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Nicolson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trib"let</hw> (?), <hw>Trib"o*let</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>} [F. <i>triboulet</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
goldsmith's tool used in making rings.</def>  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A steel cylinder round which metal is drawn in
the process of forming tubes.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Blacksmithing)</i> <def>A tapering
mandrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*bom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to rub + <i>-
meter</i>: cf. F. <i>tribom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument to
ascertain the degree of friction in rubbing surfaces.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"brach</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tribrachys</i>, Gr.
&?; consisting of three short syllables; &?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?;
short.] <i>(Gr. &amp; L. Pros.)</i> <def>A poetic foot of three short
syllables, as, <i>m&ebreve;l&ibreve;&ubreve;s</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*brac"te*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>bracteate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having three bracts.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trib"u*al</hw> (?), <hw>Trib"u*lar</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating to a tribe; tribal; as, a
<i>tribual</i> characteristic; <i>tribular</i> worship.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tribual</i> lispings of the Ephraimites.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trib`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>tribulacium</i>, F. <i>tribulation</i>, L. <i>tribulatio</i>, from
<i>tribulare</i> to press, afflict, fr. <i>tribulum</i> a thrashing sledge,
akin to <i>terere</i>, <i>tritum</i>, to rub. See <u>Trite</u>.] <def>That
which occasions distress, trouble, or vexation; severe
affliction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>tribulation</i> or persecution ariseth because of
the word, by and by he is offended.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiii. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the world ye shall have <i>tribulation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>John. xvi. 33.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*bu"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tribunal</i>, fr.
<i>tribunus</i> a tribune who administered justice: cf. F. <i>tribunal</i>.
See <u>Tribune</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The seat of a judge; the bench
on which a judge and his associates sit for administering
justice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a court or forum; as, the House of Lords,
in England, is the highest <i>tribunal</i> in the kingdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trib"u*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
tribunes; as, <i>tribunary</i> powers or authority.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trib"u*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tribunatus</i>:
cf. F. <i>tribunat</i>.] <def>The state or office of a tribune;
tribuneship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trib"une</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tribunus</i>,
properly, the chief of a tribe, fr. <i>tribus</i> tribe: cf. F.
<i>tribun</i>. See <u>Tribe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>
<def>An officer or magistrate chosen by the people, to protect them from
the oppression of the patricians, or nobles, and to defend their liberties
against any attempts that might be made upon them by the senate and
consuls.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>tribunes</i> were at first two, but their number was
increased ultimately to ten. There were also military tribunes, officers of
the army, of whom there were from four to six in each legion. Other
officers were also called tribunes; as, <i>tribunes</i> of the treasury,
etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anciently, a bench or elevated place, from which
speeches were delivered; in France, a kind of pulpit in the hall of the
legislative assembly, where a member stands while making an address; any
place occupied by a public orator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trib"une*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or power of
a tribune.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trib`u*ni"cian</hw> (?), <hw>Trib`u*ni"tial</hw> (?),
<hw>Trib`u*ni*tian</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tribunicius</i>,
<i>tribunitius</i>: cf. F. <i>tribunitien</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
tribunes; befitting a tribune; as, <i>tribunitial</i> power or
authority.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A kind of <i>tribunician</i> veto, forbidding that which is
recognized to be wrong.</blockquote> <i>Hare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trib`u*ni"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tribunician;
tribunitial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trib"u*ta*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tributary
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trib"u*ta*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being tributary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trib"u*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tributaire</i>,
F. <i>tributaire</i>, L.  <i>tributarius</i>. See <u>Tribute</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Paying tribute to another, either from compulsion,
as an acknowledgment of submission, or to secure protection, or for the
purpose of purchasing peace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Julius] unto Rome made them <i>tributary</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, subject; subordinate; inferior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He to grace his <i>tributary</i> gods.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Paid in tribute.</def> "<i>Tributary</i> tears."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Yielding supplies of any kind; serving to form
or make up, a greater object of the same kind, as a part, branch, etc.;
contributing; as, the Ohio has many <i>tributary</i> streams, and is itself
<i>tributary</i> to the Mississippi.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1537 !></p>

<p><hw>Trib"u*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tributaries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ruler or
state that pays tribute, or a stated sum, to a conquering power, for the
purpose of securing peace and protection, or as an acknowledgment of
submission, or for the purchase of security.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stream or river flowing into a larger river or
into a lake; an affluent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trib"ute</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tribut</i>, L.
<i>tributum</i>, fr. <i>tribuere</i>, <i>tributum</i>, to bestow, grant,
pay, allot, assign, originally, to a tribe, from <i>tribus</i> tribe; cf.
F. <i>tribut</i>. See <u>Tribe</u>, and cf. <u>Attribute</u>,
<u>Contribute</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An annual or stated sum of
money or other valuable thing, paid by one ruler or nation to another,
either as an acknowledgment of submission, or as the price of peace and
protection, or by virtue of some treaty; as, the Romans made their
conquered countries pay <i>tribute</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Millions for defense, but not one cent for
<i>tribute</i>.</blockquote> <i>C. C. Pinckney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A personal contribution, as of money, praise,
service, etc., made in token of services rendered, or as that which is due
or deserved; as, a <i>tribute</i> of affection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Implores the passing <i>tribute</i> of a sigh.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A certain proportion of the ore
raised, or of its value, given to the miner as his recompense.</def>
<i>Pryce. Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tribute money</b></col>, <cd>money paid as a tribute or
tax.</cd> -- <col><b>Tribute pitch</b></col>. <i>(Mining)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Tributer</u>.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Subsidy</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Trib"ute</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tributed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tributing</u>.] <def>To pay as tribute.</def> [R.]  <i>Whitlock
(1654).</i></p>

<p><hw>Trib"u*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>One
who works for a certain portion of the ore, or its value.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Tributers</i> generally work in gangs, and have a limited
portion of a lode set them, called a <i>tribute pitch</i>, beyond which
they are not permitted to work, and for which they receive a certain
portion of the ore, or so much per pound, as agreed upon, of the value of
what they raise.  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tri"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tric&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An apothecium
in certain lichens, having a spherical surface marked with spiral or
concentric ridges and furrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*car`bal*lyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i>
+ <i>carb</i>oxyl + <i>allyl</i> + <i>-ic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or designating, a complex tribasic organic acid,
C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.(CO<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>3</sub> occurring
naturally in unripe beet roots, and produced artificially from glycerin as
a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*car"bi*mide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>carbimide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See under <u>Cyanuric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trice</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trisen</i>; of
Scand. or Low German origin; cf. Sw. <i>trissa</i> a sheave, pulley,
<i>triss</i> a spritsail brace, Dan. <i>tridse</i> a pulley, <i>tridse</i>
to haul by means of a pulley, to trice, LG. <i>trisse</i> a pulley, D.
<i>trijsen</i> to hoist.] [Written also <i>trise</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To pull; to haul; to drag; to pull away.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote> Out of his seat I will him <i>trice</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To haul and tie up by means of a
rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trice</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>tris</i> the noise made by
the breaking of glass, an instant, <i>en un tris</i> in an instant;
probably of imitative origin.] <def>A very short time; an instant; a
moment; -- now used only in the phrase <i>in a trice</i>.</def> "With a
<i>trice</i>." <i>Turbervile.</i> " On a <i>trice</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man shall make his fortune in a <i>trice</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri`cen*na"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to thirty years; tricennial.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tri*cen"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tricennium</i>
thirty years; <i>triginta</i> thirty + <i>annus</i> year: cf. L.
<i>tricennalis</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to thirty years; consisting of
thirty years; occurring once in every thirty years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*cen"te*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>centenary</i>.] <def>Including, or relating to, the interval of three
hundred years; tercentenary.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A period of
three centuries, or three hundred years, also, the three-hundredth
anniversary of any event; a tercentenary.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri"ceps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>triceps</i>, having three beads; <i>tres</i>, <i>tria</i>, three +
<i>caput</i> head: cf. F. <i>triceps</i>. See <u>Three</u>, and
<i>Chief</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A muscle having three heads; specif.,
the great extensor of the forearm, arising by three heads and inserted into
the olecranon at the elbow.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*chi"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. <grk>tri`x</grk>, <grk>tricho`s</grk>, hair.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
disease of the eye, in which the eyelashes, being turned in upon the
eyeball, produce constant irritation by the motion of the lids.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*chi"na</hw> (-n&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trichin&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; hairy, made of
hair, fr. <grk>tri`x</grk>, <grk>tricho`s</grk>, hair.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small, slender nematoid worm (<i>Trichina spiralis</i>) which, in
the larval state, is parasitic, often in immense numbers, in the voluntary
muscles of man, the hog, and many other animals. When insufficiently cooked
meat containing the larv&aelig; is swallowed by man, they are liberated and
rapidly become adult, pair, and the ovoviviparous females produce in a
short time large numbers of young which find their way into the muscles,
either directly, or indirectly by means of the blood. Their presence in the
muscles and the intestines in large numbers produces trichinosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trich`i*ni"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Trichinosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trich"i*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
trichinous; to affect with trichin&aelig;; -- chiefly used in the past
participle; as, <i>trichinized</i> pork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*chi"no*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Trichina</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <def>An apparatus for the detection of trichin&aelig; in
the flesh of animals, as of swine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trich`i*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Trichina</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The disease produced by the presence
of trichin&aelig; in the muscles and intestinal track. It is marked by
fever, muscular pains, and symptoms resembling those of typhoid fever, and
is frequently fatal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trich"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
trichin&aelig; or trichinosis; affected with, or containing,
trichin&aelig;; as, <i>trichinous</i> meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trich"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, hair.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A kind of crystallite resembling a
bunch of hairs, common in obsidian. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Crystallite</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A delicate, hairlike
siliceous spicule, found in certain sponges.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trichite sheaf</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the
small sheaflike fascicles of slender set&aelig; characteristic of certain
sponges. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Spicule</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trich`i*u"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Like or pertaining to the genus Trichiurus or family
<i>Trichiurid&aelig;</i>, comprising the scabbard fishes and
hairtails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trich`i*u"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Trichiurus</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of, like, or pertaining to,
Trichiurus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trich`i*u"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>tri`x</grk>, <grk>tricho`s</grk>, a hair + <grk>o'yra`</grk> tail.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fishes comprising the hairtails. See
<u>Hairtail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*chlo"ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>chloride</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A chloride having three atoms of
chlorine in the molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trich`o*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>tri`x</grk>, <grk>tricho`s</grk>, hair + <i>branchia</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The gill of a crustacean in which the branchial
filaments are slender and cylindrical, as in the crawfishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trich"o*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>tri`x</grk>,
<grk>tricho`s</grk>, a hair + &?; bag.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lasso
cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trich"o*gyne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Gr.
<grk>tri`x</grk>, <grk>tricho`s</grk>, hair + &?; woman, female.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The slender, hairlike cell which receives the
fertilizing particles, or antherozoids, in red seaweeds.</def> --
<wf>Trich`o*gyn"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tri*chom"a*nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of plant,
from Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any fern of the genus <i>Trichomanes</i>.
The fronds are very delicate and often translucent, and the sporangia are
borne on threadlike receptacles rising from the middle of cup-shaped
marginal involucres. Several species are common in conservatories; two are
native in the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*chom"a*tose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a
growth of hair.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Affected with a disease which causes
agglutination and matting together; -- said of the hair when affected with
plica. See <u>Plica</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trich"ome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Trichomatose</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A hair on the surface of leaf or stem, or any
modification of a hair, as a minute scale, or star, or gland. The sporangia
of ferns are believed to be of the nature of trichomes.</def> --
<wf>Tri*chom"a*tous</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trich"o*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>tri`x</grk>,
<grk>tricho`s</grk>, hair + &?; to bear.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The special cell in red alg&aelig; which produces or bears a
trichogyne. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Trichogyne</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the saclike organs
from which the set&aelig; of annelids arise.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Trich`o*phor"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tri*chop"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Trichoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*chop"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>tri`x</grk>, <grk>tricho`s</grk>, a hair + &?; wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of Neuroptera usually having the wings
covered with minute hairs. It comprises the caddice flies, and is
considered by some to be a distinct order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*chop"ter*an</hw> (?), <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the
Trichoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*chop"ter*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or characterizing, the Trichoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; three stringed;
&?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?; chord, or string.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An
instrument, as a lyre or harp, having three strings.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trich`o*scol"i*ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>tri`x</grk>, <grk>tricho`s</grk>, hair + <grk>skw`lhx</grk> a
worm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive group of wormlike animals
characterized by being more or less covered with cilia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*chot"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Trichotomy</u>.] <def>Divided into three parts, or into threes; three-
forked; as, a <i>trichotomous</i> stem.</def>  <i>Martyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*chot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>tri`cha</grk>
threefold, in three parts + <grk>te`mnein</grk> to cut or divide: cf. F.
<i>trichotomie</i>.] <def>Division into three parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*chro"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Exhibiting
trichroism; pleochroic; pleochroism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"chro*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + Gr.
&?; color: cf. F. <i>trichro&iuml;sme</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The quality
possessed by some crystals of presenting different colors in three
different directions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`chro*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>chromatic</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having or existing in three
different phases of color; having three distinct color varieties; -- said
of certain birds and insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*chro"ma*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The quality, state, or phenomenon of being trichromatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*chro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + Gr.
&?; color.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or consisting of, three
colors or color sensations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*chro"mic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>chromic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Containing three atoms of
chromium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*cip"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Triceps</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having three heads, or three origins; as, a
<i>tricipital</i> muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>trek</i> a pull, or
drawing, a trick, <i>trekken</i> to draw; akin to LG. <i>trekken</i>, MHG.
<i>trecken</i>, <i>trechen</i>, Dan. <i>tr&aelig;kke</i>, and OFries.
<i>trekka</i>.  Cf. <u>Track</u>, <u>Trachery</u>, <u>Trig</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Trigger</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An artifice
or stratagem; a cunning contrivance; a sly procedure, usually with a
dishonest intent; as, a <i>trick</i> in trade.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>He comes to me for counsel, and I show him a
<i>trick</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know a trick worth two of that.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sly, dexterous, or ingenious procedure fitted
to puzzle or amuse; as, a bear's <i>tricks</i>; a juggler's
<i>tricks</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mischievous or annoying behavior; a prank; as,
the <i>tricks</i> of boys.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A particular habit or manner; a peculiarity; a
trait; as, a <i>trick</i> of drumming with the fingers; a <i>trick</i> of
frowning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>trick</i> of that voice I do well
remember.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath a <i>trick</i> of C&oelig;ur de Lion's
face.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A knot, braid, or plait of hair.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>The whole number of cards
played in one round, and consisting of as many cards as there are
players.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On one nice <i>trick</i> depends the general
fate.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A turn; specifically, the spell
of a sailor at the helm, -- usually two hours.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A toy; a trifle; a plaything.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Stratagem; wile; fraud; cheat; juggle; finesse; sleight;
deception; imposture; delusion; imposition.</p>

<p><hw>Trick</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tricked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tricking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deceive by cunning or
artifice; to impose on; to defraud; to cheat; as, to <i>trick</i> another
in the sale of a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dress; to decorate; to set off; to adorn
fantastically; -- often followed by <i>up</i>, <i>off</i>, or
<i>out</i>.</def> " <i>Trick</i> her off in air."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>People lavish it profusely in <i>tricking</i> up their
children in fine clothes, and yet starve their minds.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are simple, but majestic, records of the feelings of
the poet; as little <i>tricked</i> out for the public eye as his diary
would have been.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To draw in outline, as with a pen; to delineate
or distinguish without color, as arms, etc., in heraldry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They forget that they are in the statutes: . . . there they
are <i>tricked</i>, they and their pedigrees.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tricks; a
trickster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trick"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trigger.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trick"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art of dressing
up; artifice; stratagem; fraud; imposture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trick"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being tricky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trick"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to tricks;
tricky.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trick"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dress; ornament.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trick"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to tricks; artful in
making bargains; given to deception and cheating; knavish.</def> --
<wf>Trick"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Trick"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tric"kle</hw> (tr&ibreve;k"k'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Trickled</u> (tr&ibreve;k"k'ld);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Trickling</u>
(tr&ibreve;k"kl&ibreve;ng).] [OE. <i>triklen</i>, probably for
<i>striklen</i>, freq. of <i>striken</i> to flow, AS. <i>str&imacr;can</i>.
See <u>Strike</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To flow in a small, gentle
stream; to run in drops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His salt tears <i>trickled</i> down as rain.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fast beside there <i>trickled</i> softly down<BR>
A gentle stream.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trick"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Decoration.</def>
[Obs.] " No <i>trickments</i> but my tears."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trick"si*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being tricksy; trickiness.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trick"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tricks; a
deceiver; a tricker; a cheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trick"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Trick</u>.]
<def>Exhibiting artfulness; trickish.</def> "My <i>tricksy</i> spirit!"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>he <i>tricksy</i> policy which in the seventeenth century
passed for state wisdom.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trick"track`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trictrac</i>.
Cf. <u>Ticktack</u> backgammon.] <def>An old game resembling
backgammon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trick"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to tricks;
practicing deception; trickish; knavish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tric"li*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Triclinic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*clin"i*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tricliniaris</i>. See <u>Triclinium</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
triclinium, or to the ancient mode of reclining at table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*clin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + Gr.
&?; to incline.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Having, or characterized by,
three unequal axes intersecting at oblique angles. See the Note under
<u>crystallization</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*clin"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Triclinia</b></plw> (#). [L., from Gr. &?;, &?;; &?; (see <u>Tri-
</u>) + <u>&?;</u> a couch.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A couch for reclining at meals, extending round three sides of a
table, and usually in three parts.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A dining
room furnished with such a triple couch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*coc"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>tri`kokkos</grk> with three grains or berries; &?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) +
<grk>ko`kkos</grk> grain, seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having three cocci, or
roundish carpels.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"col`or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tricolore</i>,
drapeau <i>tricolore</i> a tricolored flag, fr. <i>tricolore</i> three-
colored; <i>tri</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + L. <i>color</i> color.] [Written
also <i>tricolour</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The national French banner, of three colors,
blue, white, and red, adopted at the first revolution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any three-colored flag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"col`ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having three
colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`cor*nig"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tricorniger</i>; <i>tricornis</i> three-horned (see <u>Tri-</u>, and
<u>Horn</u>) + <i>-gerere</i> to bear.] <def>Having three horns.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*cor"po*ral</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*cor"po*rate</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tricorpor</i>; <i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) +
<i>corpus</i>, <i>-oris</i>, body.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Represented with
three bodies conjoined to one head, as a lion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*cos"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>costate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Three-ribbed; having three ribs from
the base.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri`cot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A fabric of
woolen, silk, or cotton knitted, or women to resemble knitted
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*crot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + Gr.
&?; to beat.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to tricrotism;
characterized by tricrotism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"cro*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>That condition of the arterial pulse in which there is a triple beat.
The pulse curve obtained in the sphygmographic tracing characteristic of
tricrotism shows two secondary crests in addition to the primary.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1538 !></p>

<p><hw>Tri"cro*tous</hw> (tr&imacr;"kr&osl;*t&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Tricrotic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*cur"vate</hw> (tr&isl;*k&ucirc;r"v&asl;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>tri-</i> + <i>curvate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Curved in
three directions; as, a <i>tricurvate</i> spicule (see <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Spicule</u>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*cus"pid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tricuspis</i>,
<i>-idis</i>; <i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>cuspis</i> a point: cf. F.
<i>tricuspide</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having three cusps, or points;
tricuspidate; as, a <i>tricuspid</i> molar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the tricuspid
valves; as, <i>tricuspid</i> obstruction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tricuspid valve</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the valve,
consisting of three triangular membranous flaps, at the opening of the
right auricle into the right ventricle in the heart of most mammals; --
sometimes called the <i>tricuspid valves</i>, each flap being regarded as a
valve.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tricus"pid*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Three-pointed;
ending in three points; as, a <i>tricuspidate</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"cy*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>cycle</i> as in<i>bicycle</i>.] <def>A three-wheeled velocipede. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Velocipede</u>.  Cf. <u>Bicycle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*dac"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., pl., a kind of
oysters, fr. Gr. &?; eaten at three bites, &?; tri- + &?; to bite.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of very large marine bivalve shells found
on the coral reefs of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. One species (<i>T.
gigas</i>) often weighs four or five hundred pounds, and is sometimes used
for baptismal fonts. Called also <i>paw shell</i>, and <i>fountain
shell</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*dac"tyl</hw> <hw>Tri*dac"tyle</hw> } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Gr. &?;: &?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?; digit: cf. F. <i>tridactyle</i>.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having three fingers or toes, or composed of three
movable parts attached to a common base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Tridactyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trid"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The jacksnipe.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tride</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tride</i> lively,
quick.] <def>Short and ready; fleet; as, a <i>tride</i> pace; -- a term
used by sportsmen.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*dec"ane</hw> (tr&isl;*d&ebreve;k"&amacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>tri-</i> + Gr. &?; ten. So called from the number of carbon atoms
in the molecule.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon,
C<sub>13</sub>H<sub>28</sub>, of the methane series, which is a probable
ingredient both of crude petroleum and of kerosene, and is produced
artificially as a light colorless liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`dec*a*to"ic</hw> (tr&isl;`d&ebreve;k*&adot;*t&omacr;"&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + Gr. <grk>de`katos</grk> tenth.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, that acid of the
fatty acids heterologous with tridecane. It is a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`de*cat"y*lene</hw>
(tr&isl;`d&esl;*k&abreve;t"&ibreve;*l&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>tri-</i>+ Gr. <grk>de`katos</grk> tenth + E. eth<i>ylene</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon, C<sub>13</sub>H<sub>26</sub>, of the
ethylene series, corresponding to tridecane, and obtained from Burmah
petroleum as a light colorless liquid; -- called also <i>tridecylene</i>,
and <i>tridecene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"dent</hw> (tr&imacr;"d<i>e</i>nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tridens</i>, <i>-entis</i>; <i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>dens</i>
tooth: cf. F. <i>trident</i>. See <u>Tooth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Class Myth.)</i> <def>A kind of scepter or spear with three prongs, --
the common attribute of Neptune.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A three-pronged spear or
goad, used for urging horses; also, the weapon used by one class of
gladiators.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A three-pronged fish spear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A curve of third order, having
three infinite branches in one direction and a fourth infinite branch in
the opposite direction.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trident bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Asiatic
rhinolophid bat (<i>Tri&aelig;nops Persicus</i>), having the nose membrane
in the shape of a trident.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tri"dent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tridens</i>.] <def>Having
three teeth or prongs; tridentate.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*den"tate</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*den"ta*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>tridentatus</i>. See <u>Trident</u>.]
<def>Having three teeth; three-toothed.</def>  <i>Lee.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"dent*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having three prongs;
trident; tridentate; as, a <i>tridented</i> mace.</def> [R.]
<i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri`dent*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tridentifer</i>; <i>tridens</i> trident + <i>ferre</i> to bear.]
<def>Bearing a trident.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*den"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L.
<i>Tridentum</i> Trent.] <def>Of or pertaining to Trent, or the general
church council held in that city.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*di`a*pa"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>diaposon</i>.] <i>(Anc. Mus.)</i> <def>A triple octave, or twenty-
second.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri`di*men"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i>
+ <i>dimensional</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Having three dimensions;
extended in three different directions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A riding. See
<u>Trithing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trid"u*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>triduanus</i>, fr.
<i>triduum</i> space of three days; <i>tri-</i> + <i>dies</i> day.]
<def>Lasting three lays; also, happening every third day.</def> [R.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trid"y*mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; threefold. So
called in allusion to the supposed threefold nature of the twin crystals.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Pure silica, like quartz, but crystallizing in hexagonal
tables. It is found in trachyte and similar rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tried</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Try.</u></def> Also <pos><i>adj.</i></pos> <def>Proved; tested;
faithful; trustworthy; as, a <i>tried</i> friend.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*e"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Trihedral</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*en"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>triennium</i> the
space of three years; <i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>annus</i> year.
See <u>Annual</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Continuing three years; as,
<i>triennial</i> parliaments; a <i>triennial</i> reign.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Happening, coming about, or appearing once in
every three years; as, <i>triennial</i> elections; a <i>triennial</i>
catalogue; a <i>triennial</i> visitation.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*en"ni*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something which takes
place or appears once in three years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*en"ni*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once in three
years.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri"ens</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from <i>tres</i>,
<i>tria</i>, three.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A Roman copper coin, equal
to one third of the <i>as.</i> See 3d <u>As</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Try</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who tries; one who makes experiments; one who
examines anything by a test or standard.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who tries judicially.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person appointed according to law
to try challenges of jurors; a trior.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which tries or approves; a test.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"er*arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trierarchus</i>,
Gr. &?;; &?; a trireme + &?; a leader, a chief.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The commander of a trireme.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>At Athens, one who (singly, or jointly with other
citizens) had to fit out a trireme for the public service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"er*arch`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trierarchises</b></plw> (#). [ Gr. &?;.] <def>The office duty of a
trierarch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`e*ter"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>trietericus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; (sc. &?;) a triennial festival; &?;
(see <u>Tri-</u>.) + &?; a year.] <def>Kept or occurring once in three
years; triennial.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Gregory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri`e*ter"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>trieterica</i>, pl., fr. Gr. &?; of a triennial festival.] <i>(Class.
Antiq.)</i> <def>Festival games celebrated once in three years.</def> [R.]
<i>May.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*eth`yl*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i>
+ <i>ethylamine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A tertiary amine analogous to
trimethylamine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*fa"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>facial</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See <u>Trigeminal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"fal`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trifallowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trifallowing</u>.] [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + <i>fallow</i>.  Cf.
<u>Thryfallow</u>.] <def>To plow the third time before sowing, as
land.</def>  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*fa"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trifarius</i> of
three sorts or ways, threefold; cf. Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>Bifarious</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Facing three ways; arranged in three vertical ranks, as
the leaves of veratrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*fas"ci*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>fasciated</i>.] <def>Having, or surrounded by, three fasci&aelig;, or
bands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"fid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trifidus</i>; tri- (see
<u>Tri-</u>) + the root of <i>findere</i> to split: cf. F. <i>trifide</i>.]
<def>Cleft to the middle, or slightly beyond the middle, into three parts;
three-cleft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*fis"tu*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>fistula</i>, <i>fistular</i>.] <def>Having three pipes.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trifle</i>,
<i>trufle</i>, OF. <i>trufle</i> mockery, raillery, trifle, probably the
same word as F. <i>truffe</i> truffle, the word being applied to any small
or worthless object. See <u>Truffle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thing
of very little value or importance; a paltry, or trivial, affair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With such poor <i>trifles</i> playing.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Trifles</i> light as air<BR>
Are to the jealous confirmation strong<BR>
As proofs of holy writ.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Small sands the mountain, moments make year,<BR>
And <i>frifles</i> life.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dish composed of sweetmeats, fruits, cake,
wine, etc., with syllabub poured over it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trifled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trifling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>trifelen</i>, <i>truflen</i>. See
<u>Trifle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To act or talk without
seriousness, gravity, weight, or dignity; to act or talk with levity; to
indulge in light or trivial amusements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>trifle</i>, and they beat the air about nothing
which toucheth us.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To trifle with</b></col>, <cd>to play the fool with; to treat
without respect or seriousness; to mock; as, <i>to trifle with</i> one's
feelings, or with sacred things.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tri"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make of no importance; to treat as a trifle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To spend in vanity; to fritter away; to waste;
as, to <i>trifle</i> away money.</def> "We <i>trifle</i> time."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who trifles.</def>
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"fling</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being of small value
or importance; trivial; paltry; as, a <i>trifling</i> debt; a
<i>trifling</i> affair.</def> -- <wf>Tri"fling*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Tri"fling*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*flo"ral</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*flo"rous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + L. <i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>,
flower.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Three-flowered; having or bearing three
flowers; as, a <i>triflorous</i> peduncle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*fluc`tu*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i>
+ <i>fluctuation</i>.] <def>A concurrence of three waves.</def> [Obs.] "A
<i>trifluctuation</i> of evils."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*fo"li*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*fo"li*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tri-</i> + <i>foliate.</i>   Cf. <u>Trefoil</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having three leaves or leaflets, as clover. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Shamrock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*fo"li*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>foliolate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having three leaflets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*fo"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., clover.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of leguminous herbs with densely spiked flowers
and usually trifoliate leaves; trefoil. There are many species, all of
which are called <i>clover</i>. See <u>Clover</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"fo*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trifolium</i>. See
<u>Trifoliate</u>, <u>Trefoil</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Sweet trefoil.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She was crowned with a chaplet of
<i>trifoly</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*fo"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L. <i>tri-
</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>foris</i>, pl. <i>fores</i>, a door.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The gallery or open space between the vaulting and the
roof of the aisles of a church, often forming a rich arcade in the interior
of the church, above the nave arches and below the clearstory
windows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>triformis</i>;
<i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>forma</i> form.] <def>Having a triple
form or character.</def> "This <i>triform</i> antagonism."  <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Goddess <i>Triform</i>, I own thy triple spell.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*form"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>triformitas</i>.] <def>The state of being triform, or of having a
threefold shape.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*fur"cate</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*fur"ca*ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trifurcus</i>; <i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) +
<i>furca</i> fork.] <def>Having three branches or forks;
trichotomous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trig</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>trykke</i> to
press, Sw. <i>trycka</i>.] <def>To fill; to stuff; to cram.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trig</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Formerly written <i>trick</i>, akin
to <i>trick</i> to dress.] <def>Full; also, trim; neat.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To sit on a horse square and <i>trig</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Brit. Quart. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Trigger</u>.] <def>To
stop, as a wheel, by placing something under it; to scotch; to
skid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Trigger</u>.] <def>A stone,
block of wood, or anything else, placed under a wheel or barrel to prevent
motion; a scotch; a skid.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trig"a*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Trigamy</u>.]
<def>One who has been married three times; also, one who has three husbands
or three wives at the same time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trig"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trigamus</i> a
thrice-married man, Gr. &?; thrice married; &?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?;
marriage: cf. F. <i>trigame</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having three sorts of
flowers in the same head, -- male, female, and hermaphrodite, or perfect,
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trig"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trigamia</i>,Gr.
&?;: cf. F. <i>trigamie</i>. See <u>Trigamous</u>.] <def>The act of
marrying, or the state of being married, three times; also, the offense of
having three husbands or three wives at the same time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + Gr.
&?; belly.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having three bellies; -- said of a
muscle.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*gem"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Trigeminous</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating,
the fifth pair of cranial nerves, which divide on each side of the head
into three main branches distributed to the orbits, jaws, and parts of the
mouth; trifacial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*gem"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trigeminus</i>
born three together; <i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>geminus</i> twin.
Cf. <u>Tergeminous</u>.] <def>Born three together; being one of three born
at the same birth; also, threefold.</def>  <i>E. Phillip&?;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>gen-</i> + <i>-ic</i>. So named in reference to its composition, it
being supposed to contain the radicals of three molecules of cyanic acid.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid,
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>7</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, obtained, by the
action of the vapor of cyanic acid on cold aldehyde, as a white crystalline
substance having a slightly acid taste and faint smell; -- called also
<i>ethidene- or ethylidene-biuret</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*ges"i*mo-se*cun"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>in
trigesimo-secundo</i> in the thirty-second.] <def>Having thirty-two leaves
to a sheet; as, a <i>trigesimo-secundo</i> form, book, leaf, size,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*ges"i*mo-se*cun"do</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A book
composed of sheets so folded that each one makes thirty-two leaves; hence,
indicating, more or less definitely, a size of book; -- usually written
<i>32mo</i>, or 32&deg;, and called <i>thirty-twomo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trig"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For older <i>tricker</i>,
from D. <i>trekker</i>, fr. <i>trekken</i> to draw, pull. See <u>Trick</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A catch to hold the wheel of
a carriage on a declivity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A piece, as a lever, which is
connected with a catch or detent as a means of releasing it; especially
<i>(Firearms)</i>, the part of a lock which is moved by the finger to
release the cock and discharge the piece.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trigger fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large
plectognath fish (<i>Balistes Carolinensis</i> or <i>B. capriscus</i>)
common on the southern coast of the United States, and valued as a food
fish in some localities. Its rough skin is used for scouring and polishing
in the place of sandpaper. Called also <i>leather jacket</i>, and
<i>turbot</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tri*gin`tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>trigintate</i>,
fr. L. <i>triginta</i> thirty. See <u>Trental</u>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<def>A trental.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*glyc"er*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>glyceride</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glyceride formed by the
replacement of three hydrogen atoms in glycerin by acid radicals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"glyph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>triglyphus</i>, Gr.
&?;; &?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?; to carve: cf. F. <i>triglyphe</i>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornament in the frieze of the Doric order, repeated
at equal intervals. Each triglyph consists of a rectangular tablet,
slightly projecting, and divided nearly to the top by two parallel and
perpendicular gutters, or channels, called <i>glyphs</i>, into three parts,
or spaces, called <i>femora</i>. A half channel, or glyph, is also cut upon
each of the perpendicular edges of the tablet. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Entablature</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*glyph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*glyph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or pertaining
to, triglyphs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing three sets of characters or
sculptures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trig"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Trig</u> trim,
neat.] <def>The quality or state of being trig; smartness;
neatness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their spars had no man-of-war <i>trigness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Kane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trigonum</i>, Gr. &?;;
&?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?; a corner, angle: cf. F. <i>trigone</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A figure having three angles; a
triangle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A division
consisting of three signs.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Trine, an aspect
of two planets distant 120 degrees from each other.</def>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. &amp; Rom. Antiq.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
kind of triangular lyre or harp.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind of
game at ball played by three persons standing at the angular points of a
triangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trig"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having three angles,
or corners; triangular; as, a <i>trigonal</i> stem, one having tree
prominent longitudinal angles.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1539 !></p>

<p><hw>||Tri`gone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., literally, a
trigon.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A smooth triangular area on the inner surface
of the bladder, limited by the apertures of the ureters and
urethra.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*go"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Trigon</u>.
So called in allusion to the triangular shape of some species.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of pearly bivalve shells, numerous extinct
species of which are characteristic of the Mesozoic rocks. A few living
species exist on the coast of Australia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trig`o*noc"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; triangle +
&?; horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having horns with three angles, like
those of some species of goats.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trig`o*no*met"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Trig`o*no*met"ric*al</hw> (?),
}[Cf. F. <i>trigonom&eacute;trique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
trigonometry; performed by the rules of trigonometry.</def></p>

<p>--<wf>Trig`o*no*met"ric*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Trigonometrical curve</b></col>, <cd>a curve one of whose
co&ouml;rdinates is a trigonometric function of the other.</cd> --
<col><b>Trigonometrical function</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Function</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Trigonometrical lines</b></col>, <cd>lines
which are employed in solving the different cases of plane and spherical
trigonometry, as sines, tangents, secants, and the like. These lines, or
the lengths of them, are <i>trigonometrical functions</i> of the arcs and
angles to which they belong.</cd> -- <col><b>Trigonometrical
survey</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Survey</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trig`o*nom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-tries</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?; a triangle + <i>-metry</i>: cf. F.
<i>trigonom&eacute;trie</i>. See <u>Trigon</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That branch of mathematics which treats of the relations of the sides
and angles of triangles, which the methods of deducing from certain given
parts other required parts, and also of the general relations which exist
between the trigonometrical functions of arcs or angles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise in this science.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Analytical trigonometry</b></col>, <cd>that branch of
trigonometry which treats of the relations and properties of the
trigonometrical functions.</cd> -- <col><b>Plane trigonometry</b></col>,
<i>and</i> <col><b>Spherical trigonometry</b></col>, <cd>those branches of
trigonometry in which its principles are applied to plane triangles and
spherical triangles respectively.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trig"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trigonus</i>, Gr.
&?;. See <u>Trigon</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Trigonal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + <i>-
gram</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Trigraph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`gram*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; + &?; a
letter.] <def>Containing three letters or characters, or three sets of
letters or characters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*gram"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Trigrammatic</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Trigrammatic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + <i>-
graph</i>.] <def>Three letters united in pronunciation so as to have but
one sound, or to form but one syllable, as <i>-ieu</i> in <i>adieu</i>; a
triphthong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"gyn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of
the Trigynia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*gyn"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., Gr. &?; (see
<u>Tri-</u>) + &?; a woman, a female.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Linn&aelig;an
order of plants having three pistils or styles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*gyn"i*an</hw> (?), <hw>Trig"y*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having three pistils or styles; of
or pertaining to the Trigynia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Trihedron</u>.]
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Having three sides or faces; thus, a <i>trihedral</i>
angle is a solid angle bounded by three plane angles.</def> [Written also
<i>triedral</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tri*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + Gr.
&?; a seat, base.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A figure having three
sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*ho"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>horal</i>.] <def>Occurring once in every three hours.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trij"u*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Trijugous</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In three pairs; as, a <i>trijugate</i> leaf, or a
pinnate leaf with three pairs of leaflets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trij"u*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trijugus</i>
threefold; <i>tri-</i> + <i>jugum</i> a yoke.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Trijugate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"ko*sane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + Gr.
&?; twenty.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hydrocarbon,
C<sub>23</sub>H<sub>48</sub>, of the methane series, resembling paraffin; -
- so called because it has <i>twenty-three</i> atoms of carbon in the
molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*lat"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>trilaterus</i>;
<i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>latus</i>, <i>lateris</i>, side: cf. F.
<i>trilat&eacute;ral</i>. See <u>Lateral</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Having
three sides; being three-sided; as, a <i>trilateral</i> triangle.</def> --
<wf>Tri*lat"er*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tri*lat"er*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tri*lem"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; (see
<u>Tri-</u>) + <u>&?;</u> any thing received, in logic, an assumption.  Cf.
<u>Dilemma</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>A syllogism with
three conditional propositions, the major premises of which are
disjunctively affirmed in the minor. See <u>Dilemma</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of things in which it is difficult to
determine which one of three courses to pursue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*lin"e*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or included by, three lines; as, <i>trilinear</i>
co&ouml;rdinates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*lin"gual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trilinguis</i>;
<i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>lingua</i> tongue, language. See
<u>Lingual</u>.] <def>Containing, or consisting of, three languages;
expressed in three languages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The much-noted Rosetta stone . . . bears upon its surface a
<i>trilingual</i> inscription.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*lin"guar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Trilingual</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*lit"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>literal</i>.] <def>Consisting of three letters; trigrammic; as, a
<i>triliteral</i> root or word.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
triliteral word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*lit"er*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Triliterality</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*lit`er*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*lit"er*al*ness</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being triliteral; as, the
<i>triliterality</i> of Hebrew roots.</def>  <i>W. D. Whitney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"lith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Trilithon</u>.</def>  <i>Mollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*lith"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
trilith.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tril"i*thon</hw> (tr&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*th&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Trilithons</b></plw> (#). [NL.,
fr. Gr.&?; of or with three stones; &?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?; stone.]
<i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <def>A monument consisting of three stones;
especially, such a monument forming a kind of doorway, as among the ancient
Celts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trillen</i> to roll,
turn round; of Scand. origin; cf. Sw. <i>trilla</i> to roll, Dan.
<i>trilde</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;yrla</i> to whirl, and E. <i>thrill</i>.
Cf. <u>Thrill</u>.] <def>To flow in a small stream, or in drops rapidly
succeeding each other; to trickle.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And now and then an ample tear <i>trilled</i> down<BR>
Her delicate cheek.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whispered sounds<BR>
Of waters, <i>trilling</i> from the riven stone.</blockquote>
<i>Glover.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trillen</i>; cf. Sw.
<i>trilla</i> to roll.] <def>To turn round; to twirl.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid him descend and <i>trill</i> another pin.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Trilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Trilling</u>.]
[It. <i>trillare</i>; probably of imitative origin.] <def>To impart the
quality of a trill to; to utter as, or with, a trill; as, to <i>trill</i>
the <i>r</i>; to <i>trill</i> a note.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sober-suited songstress <i>trills</i> her
lay.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter trills or a trill;
to play or sing in tremulous vibrations of sound; to have a trembling
sound; to quaver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To judge of <i>trilling</i> notes and tripping
feet.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>trillo</i>, fr.
<i>trillare</i>. See <u>Trill</u> to shake.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sound, of consonantal character, made with a
rapid succession of partial or entire intermissions, by the vibration of
some one part of the organs in the mouth -- tongue, uvula, epiglottis, or
lip -- against another part; as, the <i>r</i> is a <i>trill</i> in most
languages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The action of the organs in producing such
sounds; as, to give a <i>trill</i> to the tongue. d</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A shake or quaver of the voice in
singing, or of the sound of an instrument, produced by the rapid
alternation of two contiguous tones of the scale; as, to give a
<i>trill</i> on the high C. See <u>Shake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tril"la*chan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The oyster catcher.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tril"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>drilling</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of tree children born at the same birth.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A compound crystal,
consisting of three individuals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tril"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trillion</i>, formed
from the pref. <i>tri-</i> in imitation of <i>million</i> a million.  Cf.
<u>Billion</u>.] <def>According to the French notation, which is used upon
the Continent generally and in the United States, the number expressed by a
unit with twelve ciphers annexed; a million millions; according to the
English notation, the number produced by involving a million to the third
power, or the number represented by a unit with eighteen ciphers annexed.
See the Note under <u>Numeration</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tril"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; cf. L.
<i>trilix</i> triple-woven, triple.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
liliaceous plants; the three-leaved nightshade; -- so called because all
the parts of the plant are in threes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tril"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See <u>Trill</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A trill or shake. See <u>Trill</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*lo"bate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>lobate</i>.] <def>Having three lobes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`lo*ba"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being trilobate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"lobed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>lobe</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Trilobate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri`lo*bi"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct order of arthropods comprising the
trilobites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"lo*bite</hw> (tr&imacr;"l&osl;*b&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>trilobite</i>. See <u>Trilobate</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Any
one of numerous species of extinct arthropods belonging to the order
Trilobita. Trilobites were very common in the Silurian and Devonian
periods, but became extinct at the close of the Paleozoic. So named from
the three lobes usually seen on each segment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`lo*bit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to
or containing, trilobites; as, <i>trilobitic</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*loc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>locular</i>: cf. F. <i>triloculaire</i>.] <def>Having three cells or
cavities; as, a <i>trilocular</i> capsule; a <i>trilocular</i>
heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tril"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>trilogi`a</grk>;
pref. <grk>tri-</grk> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <grk>lo`gos</grk> speech,
discourse: cf. F. <i>trilogie</i>.] <def>A series of three dramas which,
although each of them is in one sense complete, have a close mutual
relation, and form one historical and poetical picture. Shakespeare's "
Henry VI." is an example.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the Greek stage, a drama, or acted story, consisted in
reality of three dramas, called together a <i>trilogy</i>, and performed
consecutively in the course of one day.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*lu"mi*nar</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*lu"mi*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + L. <i>lumen</i>, <i>luminis</i>,
light.] <def>Having three lights</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Trim</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trimmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trimming</u>.] [OE. <i>trimen</i>, <i>trumen</i>, AS. <i>trymian</i>,
<i>trymman</i>, to prepare, dispose, make strong, fr. <i>trum</i> firm,
strong; of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make trim; to put
in due order for any purpose; to make right, neat, or pleasing; to
adjust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hermit <i>trimmed</i> his little fire.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dress; to decorate; to adorn; to invest; to
embellish; as, to <i>trim</i> a hat.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>A rotten building newly <i>trimmed</i> over.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I was <i>trimmed</i> in Julia's gown.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make ready or right by cutting or shortening;
to clip or lop; to curtail; as, to <i>trim</i> the hair; to <i>trim</i> a
tree.</def> " And <i>trimmed</i> the cheerful lamp."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>To dress, as timber; to make
smooth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To adjust, as
a ship, by arranging the cargo, or disposing the weight of persons or
goods, so equally on each side of the center and at each end, that she
shall sit well on the water and sail well; as, to <i>trim</i> a ship, or a
boat.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To arrange in due order for sailing;
as, to <i>trim</i> the sails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To rebuke; to reprove; also, to beat.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>To trim in</b></col> <i>(Carp.)</i>, <cd>to fit, as a piece of
timber, into other work.</cd> -- <col><b>To trim up</b></col>, <cd>to
dress; to put in order.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I found her <i>trimming up</i> the diadem<BR>
On her dead mistress.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trim</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To balance; to fluctuate
between parties, so as to appear to favor each.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trim</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dress; gear;
ornaments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seeing him just pass the window in his woodland
<i>trim</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Order; disposition; condition; as, to be in good
<i>trim</i>.</def> " The <i>trim</i> of an encounter."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of a ship or her cargo, ballast,
masts, etc., by which she is well prepared for sailing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch)</i> <def>The lighter woodwork in the
interior of a building; especially, that used around openings, generally in
the form of a molded architrave, to protect the plastering at those
points.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In ballast trim</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>having only
ballast on board.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i> -- <col><b>Trim of the
masts</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>their position in regard to the ship
and to each other, as near or distant, far forward or much aft, erect or
raking.</cd> -- <col><b>Trim of sails</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>that
adjustment, with reference to the wind, witch is best adapted to impel the
ship forward.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trim</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Trimmer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Trimmest</u>.] [See
<u>Trim</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Fitly adjusted; being in good
order., or made ready for service or use; firm; compact; snug; neat; fair;
as, the ship is <i>trim</i>, or <i>trim</i> built; everything about the man
is <i>trim</i>; a person is <i>trim</i> when his body is well shaped and
firm; his dress is <i>trim</i> when it fits closely to his body, and
appears tight and snug; a man or a soldier is <i>trim</i> when he stands
erect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With comely carriage of her countenance
<i>trim</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So deemed I till I viewed their <i>trim</i> array<BR>
Of boats last night.</blockquote> <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*mac"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>maculated</i>.] <def>Marked with three spots, or macul&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*mel"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + L.
<i>mel</i>, gen. <i>mellis</i>, honey.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or designating, a certain tribasic acid (called also <i>trimellitic
acid</i>) metameric with trimesitic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*mem"bral</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trimembris</i>
triplemembered. See <u>Tri-</u>, and <u>Member</u>.] <def>Having, or
consisting of, three members.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri"me*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Tri-</u>,
and <u>-mere</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Coleoptera
including those which have but three joints in the tarsi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"mer*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Trimera. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"mer*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Trimera</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the parts in threes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`me*sit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>mesit</i>ylene + <i>-ic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, a tribasic acid,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>.(CO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, of the aromatic
series, obtained, by the oxidation of mesitylene, as a white crystalline
substance.</def> [Written also <i>trimesic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tri*mes"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trimestris</i> of
three months; <i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>mensis</i> month: cf. F.
<i>trimestre</i>.] <def>A term or period of three months.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*mes"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Trimestrial.</def>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*mes"tri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a trimester, or period of three months; occurring once in every three
months; quarterly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trimetrus</i>, Gr.
&?;; &?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <u>&?;</u> <i>measure</i>.  See <u>Meter</u>
measure.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Consisting of three poetical measures.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A poetical division of verse, consisting of
three measures.</def>  <i>Lowth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*meth"yl</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A prefix or combining form
(also used adjectively) indicating <i>the presence of three methyl
groups</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*meth`yl*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Trimethyl-</i>
+ <i>amine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless volatile alkaline liquid,
N.(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, obtained from herring brine, beet roots,
etc., with a characteristic herringlike odor. It is regarded as a
substituted ammonia containing three methyl groups.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*meth"yl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
gaseous hydrocarbon, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>, isomeric with propylene
and obtained from it indirectly. It is the base of a series of compounds
analogous to the aromatic hydrocarbons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + Gr.
&?; measure.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Orthorhombic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Trimeter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trim"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a trim manner;
nicely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trim"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who trims, arranges, fits, or ornaments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who does not adopt extreme opinions in
politics, or the like; one who fluctuates between parties, so as to appear
to favor each; a timeserver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus Halifax was a <i>trimmer</i> on principle.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument with which trimming is
done.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A beam, into which are framed the
ends of headers in floor framing, as when a hole is to be left for stairs,
or to avoid bringing joists near chimneys, and the like. See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Header</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1540 !></p>

<p><hw>Trim"ming</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a.</i></pos> from <u>Trim</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Whigs are, essentially, an inefficient, <i>trimming</i>,
halfway sort of a party.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Trimming joist</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a joist into which
timber trimmers are framed; a header. See <u>Header</u>.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trim"ming</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of one who trims.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which serves to trim, make right or
fitting, adjust, ornament, or the like; especially, the necessary or the
ornamental appendages, as of a garment; hence, sometimes, the concomitants
of a dish; a relish; -- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of reprimanding or chastisting; as, to
give a boy a <i>trimming</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Trim"ming*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a trimming
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trim"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being trim; orderliness; compactness; snugness; neatness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Trimorphous</u>.]
<i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A substance which crystallizes in three distinct
forms, or which has three distinct physical states; also, any one of these
distinct forms. See <u>Trimorphism</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*mor"phic</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*mor"phous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; three-formed; &?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?;
form.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or characterized by, trimorphism; --
contrasted with <i>monomorphic</i>, <i>dimorphic</i>, and
<i>polymorphic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Trimorphic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>The
property of crystallizing in three forms fundamentally distinct, as is the
case with titanium dioxide, which crystallizes in the forms of
<i>rutile</i>, <i>octahedrite</i>, and <i>brookite</i>. See
<u>Pleomorphism</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The co&euml;xistence among
individuals of the same species of three distinct forms, not connected, as
a rule, by intermediate gradations; the condition among individuals of the
same species of having three different shapes or proportions of
corresponding parts; -- contrasted with <i>polymorphism</i>, and
<i>dimorphism</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Heterogonous trimporphism</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>that
condition in which flowers of plants of the same species have three
different lengths of stamens, short, medium, and long, the blossoms of one
individual plant having short and medium stamens and a long style, those of
another having short and long stamens and a style of medium length, and
those of a third having medium and long stamens and a short style, the
style of each blossom thus being of a length not represented by its
stamens.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*mur"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>trim&umacr;rti</i>; <i>tri</i> three + <i>m&umacr;rti</i> body.]
<i>(Hindu Myth.)</i> <def>The triad, or trinity, of Hindu gods, consisting
of Brahma, the Creator, Vishnu, the Preserver, and Siva, the
Destroyer.</def> [Spelled also <i>Trimurtti</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Trim`y*a"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri</i> +
Gr. &?;, &?;, a muscle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A lamellibranch which has
three muscular scars on each valve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trinus</i> triple,
<i>trini</i> three each, fr. <i>tres</i>, <i>tria</i>, three. See
<u>Three</u>, and cf. <u>Trine</u>, <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos>, <u>Tern</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Threefold.</def> "<i>Trinal</i> unity."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In their <i>trinal</i> triplicities on high.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trin"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Trundle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Trinal</u>.]
<def>Threefold; triple; as, <i>trine</i> dimensions, or length, breadth,
and thickness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trine</i>, <i>trin</i>. See
<u>Trinal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>The aspect of
planets distant from each other 120 degrees, or one third of the zodiac;
trigon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In sextile, square, and <i>trine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A triad; trinity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A single <i>trine</i> of brazen tortoises.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Eternal One, Almighty <i>Trine</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put in the aspect of a
trine.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By fortune he [Saturn] was now to Venus
<i>trined</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*nerv"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>trinervatus</i>;
pref. <i>tri-</i> + L.  <i>nervus</i> nerve.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
three ribs or nerves extending unbranched from the base to the apex; --
said of a leaf.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri"nerve`</hw> (?), <hw>Tri"nerved`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + <i>nerve</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Trinervate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trin"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of limicoline birds including many species of sandpipers. See
<u>Dunlin</u>, <u>Knot</u>, and <u>Sandpiper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trin"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tringle</i>.] <def>A
curtain rod for a bedstead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trin"goid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tringa</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to Tringa, or the
Sandpiper family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trin`i*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>trinitaire</i>. See <u>Trinity</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
Trinity, the doctrine of the Trinity, or believers in that
doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trin`i*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who believes in the doctrine of the Trinity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a monastic order
founded in Rome in 1198 by St. John of Matha, and an old French hermit,
Felix of Valois, for the purpose of redeeming Christian captives from the
Mohammedans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trin`i*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine
of the Trinity; the doctrine that there are three distinct persons in the
Godhead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*ni`tro*cel"lu*lose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gun
cotton; -- so called because regarded as containing three nitro
groups.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*ni`tro*phe"nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Picric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trinitee</i>, F.
<i>trinit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>trinitas</i>, fr. <i>trini</i> three each. See
<u>Trinal</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Christian Theol.)</i> <def>The union
of three persons (the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost) in one Godhead,
so that all the three are one God as to substance, but three persons as to
individuality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any union of three in one; three units treated
as one; a triad, as the Hindu trinity, or Trimurti.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any symbol of the Trinity employed in Christian
art, especially the triangle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trinity House</b></col>, <cd>an institution in London for
promoting commerce and navigation, by licensing pilots, ordering and
erecting beacons, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Trinity Sunday</b></col>,
<cd>the Sunday next after Whitsunday; -- so called from the feast held on
that day in honor of the Holy Trinity.</cd> -- <col><b>Trinity
term</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See the Note under <u>Term</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trin`i*u"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Trinity</u>,
and <u>Unity</u>.] <def>Triunity; trinity.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As for terms of trinity, <i>triniunity</i>, . . . and the
like, they reject them as scholastic notions.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of fishing
net.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trin"ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trinquet</i>
foremast, also, a certain sail, <i>trinquette</i> a triangular sail, or Sp.
<i>trinquete</i> triangular.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A three-cornered sail
formerly carried on a ship's foremast, probably on a lateen yard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sailing always with the sheets of mainsail and
<i>trinket</i> warily in our hands.</blockquote> <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trin"ket</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trenket</i> a sort of
knife, hence, probably, a toy knife worn as an ornament; probably from an
Old French dialectic form of <i>trenchier</i> to cut.  Cf. <u>Trench</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A knife; a cutting
tool.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small ornament, as a jewel, ring, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thing of little value; a trifle; a
toy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trin"ket</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give trinkets; hence,
to court favor; to intrigue.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trin"ket*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
trinkets.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trin"ket*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ornaments of dress;
trinkets, collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>trinketry</i> on front, or neck, or
breast.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trin"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act secretly, or
in an underhand way; to tamper.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*noc"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trinoctialis</i>
for three nights; <i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>nox</i>,
<i>noctis</i>, night.] <def>Lasting during three nights; comprising three
nights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*nod"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trinodis</i> three-
knotted; <i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>nodus</i> knot.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having three knots or nodes; having
three points from which a leaf may shoot; as, a <i>trinodal</i>
stem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Having three nodal
points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*no"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>-nomial</i> as in <i>binomial</i>: cf. F. <i>trin&ocirc;me</i>.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>A quantity consisting of three terms, connected by the
sign + or -; as, <i>x + y + z</i>, or <i>ax + 2b -
c<sup>2</sup></i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*no"mi*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Consisting of three terms; of or pertaining to trinomials; as, a
<i>trinomial</i> root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*nom"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i>
+ L. <i>nomen</i>, <i>nominis</i>, name: cf. L. <i>trinominis</i> three-
named.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Trinomial.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*nu"cle*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>nucleus</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of Lower Silurian trilobites
in which the glabella and cheeks form three rounded elevations on the
head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. L. <i>tres</i>,
<i>tria</i>, three: cf. F. <i>trio</i>, from the Italian. See
<u>Three</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Three, considered collectively;
three in company or acting together; a set of three; three
united.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>trio</i> were well accustomed to act together, and
were linked to each other by ties of mutual interest.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A composition
for three parts or three instruments.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
secondary, or episodical, movement of a minuet or scherzo, as in a sonata
or symphony, or of a march, or of various dance forms; -- not limited to
three parts or instruments.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*ob"o*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*ob"o*la*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>triobolaris</i>, fr. L. <i>triobolus</i> a
piece of three oboli, Gr. &?;. See <i>Tri-</i>, and <u>Obolus</u>.] <def>Of
the value of three oboli; hence, mean; worthless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It may pass current . . . for a <i>triobolar</i>
ballad.</blockquote> <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*oc"tile</hw> (-&obreve;k"t&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>tri-</i> + <i>octile</i>.] <i>(Astrol.)</i> <def>An aspect of two
planets with regard to the earth when they are three octants, or three
eighths of a circle, that is, 135 degrees, distant from each other.</def>
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*&oelig;"ci*a</hw> (-&emacr;"sh&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Tri&oelig;cious</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
third order of the Linn&aelig;an class Polygamia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*&oelig;"cious</hw> (-sh&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>tri-</i> + Gr. &?; house.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having three sorts of
flowers on the same or on different plants, some of the flowers being
staminate, others pistillate, and others both staminate and pistillate;
belonging to the order Tri&oelig;cia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"ole</hw> (tr&emacr;"&omacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Triolet</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Triplet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*o"le*in</hw> (tr&isl;*&omacr;"l&esl;*&ibreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + <i>olein</i>.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Olein</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"o*let</hw> (tr&imacr;"&osl;*l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>triolet</i>. See <u>Trio</u>.] <def>A short poem or stanza of eight
lines, in which the first line is repeated as the fourth and again as the
seventh line, the second being, repeated as the eighth.</def>  <i>Brande &
C.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*on`y*choi"de*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Trionyx</u>, and <u>-old</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of
chelonians which comprises Trionyx and allied genera; -- called also
<i>Trionychoides</i>, and <i>Trionychina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*on"yx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; (see
<u>Tri-</u>) + &?; a claw.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fresh-water
or river turtles which have the shell imperfectly developed and covered
with a soft leathery skin. They are noted for their agility and rapacity.
Called also <i>soft tortoise</i>, <i>soft-shell tortoise</i>, and <i>mud
turtle</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The common American species (<i>Trionyx, or Aspidonectus,
ferox</i>) becomes over a foot in length and is very voracious. Similar
species are found in Asia and Africa.</p>

<p><hw>Tri"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Trier</u>, 2 and 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*ox"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>oxide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oxide containing three atoms of
oxygen; as, sulphur <i>trioxide</i>, SO<sub>3</sub>; -- formerly called
<i>tritoxide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tripped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tripping</u>.] [OE. <i>trippen</i>; akin to D. <i>trippen</i>, Dan.
<i>trippe</i>, and E. <i>tramp</i>. See <u>Tramp</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move with light, quick steps; to walk or move
lightly; to skip; to move the feet nimbly; -- sometimes followed by
<i>it</i>. See <u>It</u>, 5.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This horse anon began to <i>trip</i> and dance.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, and <i>trip</i> it, as you go,<BR>
On the light fantastic toe.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She bounded by, and <i>tripped</i> so light<BR>
They had not time to take a steady sight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a brief journey or pleasure excursion;
as, to <i>trip</i> to Europe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take a quick step, as when in danger of
losing one's balance; hence, to make a false step; to catch the foot; to
lose footing; to stumble.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To be guilty of a misstep; to commit an
offense against morality, propriety, or rule; to err; to mistake; to
fail.</def> "Till his tongue <i>trip</i>."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A blind will thereupon comes to be led by a blind
understanding; there is no remedy, but it must <i>trip</i> and
stumble.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Virgil is so exact in every word that none can be changed
but for a worse; he pretends sometimes to <i>trip</i>, but it is to make
you think him in danger when most secure.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What? dost thou verily <i>trip</i> upon a word?</blockquote>
<i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trip</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause
to stumble, or take a false step; to cause to lose the footing, by striking
the feet from under; to cause to fall; to throw off the balance; to
supplant; -- often followed by <i>up</i>; as, to <i>trip</i> up a man in
wrestling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The words of Hobbes's defense <i>trip</i> up the heels of
his cause.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To overthrow by depriving of support; to
put an obstacle in the way of; to obstruct; to cause to fail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>trip</i> the course of law, and blunt the
sword.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To detect in a misstep; to catch; to
convict.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These her women can <i>trip</i> me if I err.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To raise (an
anchor) from the bottom, by its cable or buoy rope, so that it hangs
free.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To pull (a yard) into a perpendicular
position for lowering it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To release, let fall, or set
free, as a weight or compressed spring, as by removing a latch or
detent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A quick,
light step; a lively movement of the feet; a skip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His heart bounded as he sometimes could hear the <i>trip</i>
of a light female step glide to or from the door.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brief or rapid journey; an excursion or
jaunt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I took a <i>trip</i> to London on the death of the
queen.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A false step; a stumble; a misstep; a loss of
footing or balance. Fig.: An error; a failure; a mistake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Imperfect words, with childish <i>trips</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each seeming <i>trip</i>, and each digressive
start.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A small piece; a morsel; a bit.</def> [Obs.] "A
<i>trip</i> of cheese."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A stroke, or catch, by which a wrestler causes
his antagonist to lose footing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And watches with a <i>trip</i> his foe to foil.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>It is the sudden trip</i> in wrestling that fetches a man
to the ground.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A single board, or tack, in
plying, or beating, to windward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A herd or flock, as of sheep, goats, etc.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Scott.]</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A troop of men; a host.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Robert
of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A flock of
widgeons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*pal"mi*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>palmitate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A palmitate derived from three
molecules of palmitic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*pal"mi*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>palmitin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>See
<u>Palmitin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*pang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Trepang</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"part`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>parted</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Parted into three piece; having
three parts or pieces; -- said of the field or of a bearing; as, a cross
<i>triparted</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided nearly to the base into
three segments or lobes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*part"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Divisible into
three parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*par"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Tripartite</u>.] <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>Dividing into three parts; -- said
of a number which exactly divides another into three parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"ar*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tripartitus</i>;
<i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>partitus</i>, p. p. of <i>partiri</i> to
part, to divide. See <u>Part</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Divided into three parts; triparted; as, a
<i>tripartite</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having three corresponding parts or copies; as,
to make indentures <i>tripartite</i>.</def>  <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Made between three parties; as, a
<i>tripartite</i> treaty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip`ar*tite*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tripartite
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip`ar*ti"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tripartition</i>.] <def>A division by threes, or into three parts; the
taking of a third part of any number or quantity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*pas"chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>paschal</i>.] <def>Including three passovers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tripe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tripe</i>, F.
<i>tripe</i>; of uncertain origin; cf. Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>tripa</i>, It.
<i>trippa</i>, OD. <i>tripe</i>, W. <i>tripa</i>, Armor. <i>stripen</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The large stomach of ruminating animals, when
prepared for food.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How say you to a fat <i>tripe</i> finely broiled
?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The entrails; hence, humorously or in contempt,
the belly; -- generally used in the plural.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trip"e*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tripedalis</i>;
<i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a foot.]
<def>Having three feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tripe`-de-roche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as Rock tripe, under <u>Rock</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Tripoli</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tripe"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
men</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who prepares or sells tripe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*pen"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>pennate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Tripinnate</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1541 !></p>

<p><hw>Tri*per"son*al</hw> (tr&isl;*p&etilde;r"s&ubreve;n*<i>a</i>l),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + <i>personal</i>.] <def>Consisting
of three persons.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*per"son*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Trinitarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*per`son*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
existing as three persons in one Godhead; trinity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"er*y</hw> (tr&imacr;p"&etilde;r*&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>triperie</i>.] <def>A place where tripe is prepared or
sold.</def>  <i>London Quart. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tripe"stone`</hw> (tr&imacr;p"st&omacr;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of anhydrite composed of contorted plates
fancied to resemble pieces of tripe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*pet"al*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>petaloid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form or appearance of three
petals; appearing as if furnished with three petals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*pet"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>petalous</i>: cf. F. <i>trip&eacute;tale</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having
three petals, or flower leaves; three-petaled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip" ham`mer</hw> (?). <def>A tilt hammer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; appearing three-
fold; &?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <u>&?;</u> to appear cf. F. <i>triphane</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>Spodumene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Triph"thong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + <i>-
phthong</i>, as in <i>diphthong</i>: cf. F. <i>triphthonque</i>.]
<i>(Ortho&euml;py)</i> <def>A combination of three vowel sounds in a single
syllable, forming a simple or compound sound; also, a union of three vowel
characters, representing together a single sound; a trigraph; as,
<i>eye</i>, <i>-ieu</i> in <i>adieu</i>, <i>-eau</i> in <i>beau</i>, are
examples of <i>triphthongs</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Triph*thon"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a triphthong; consisting of three vowel sounds pronounced together in a
single syllable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Triph"y*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Triphylite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Triph"y*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + Gr.
&?; a family, class. So called in allusion to its containing three
phosphates.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a grayish-green or bluish
color, consisting of the phosphates of iron, manganese, and
lithia.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A salmon-colored or clove-brown variety containing but little
iron is known as <i>lithiophilite</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Triph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; (see
<u>Tri-</u>) + <u>&?;</u> a leaf: cf. F. <i>triphylle</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having three leaves; three-leaved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*pin"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>pinnate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having bipinnate leaflets arranged on
each side of a rhachis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`pin*nat"i*fid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i>
+ <i>pinnatifid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Thrice pinnately cleft; -- said of
a pinnatifid leaf when its segments are pinnatifid, and the subdivisions of
these also are pinnatifid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*pla"sian</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thrice as many.]
<def>Three-fold; triple; treble.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>triplus</i>; <i>tri-
</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>-plus</i>, as in <i>duplus</i> double: cf. F.
<i>triple</i>. See <u>Double</u>, and cf. <u>Treble</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of three united; multiplied by three;
threefold; as, a <i>triple</i> knot; a <i>triple</i> tie.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By thy <i>triple</i> shape as thou art seen.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Three times repeated; treble. See
<u>Treble</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of three; third.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Triple crown</b></col>, <cd>the crown, or tiara, of the pope.
See <u>Tiara</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Triple-expansion steam
engine</b></col>, <cd>a compound steam engine in which the same steam
performs work in three cylinders successively.</cd> -- <col><b>Triple
measure</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a measure of tree beats of which first
only is accented.</cd> -- <col><b>Triple ratio</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>,
<cd>a ratio which is equal to 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Triple salt</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a salt containing three distinct basic atoms as
radicals; thus, microcosmic salt is a <i>triple salt</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Triple star</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a system of three stars
in close proximity.</cd> -- <col><b>Triple time</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>that time in which each measure is divided into three equal parts.</cd>
-- <col><b>Triple valve</b></col>, <cd>in an automatic air brake for
railroad cars, the valve under each car, by means of which the brake is
controlled by a change of pressure in the air pipe leading from the
locomotive.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tri"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tripled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tripling</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>tripler</i>. See <u>Triple</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To make threefold, or thrice as much or as many;
to treble; as, to <i>triple</i> the tax on coffee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"ple-crowned`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having three
crowns; wearing the triple crown, as the pope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"ple-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having three
heads; three-headed; as, the <i>triple-headed</i> dog Cerberus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Triple</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A collection or combination of three of a kind;
three united.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Poetry)</i> <def>Three verses rhyming
together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A group of three notes sung or
played in the tree of two.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Three children or offspring born at
one birth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"ple-tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An edible fish (<i>Lobotes Surinamensis</i>) found in the warmer parts
of all the oceans, and common on the southern and middle coasts of the
United States. When living it is silvery gray, and becomes brown or
blackish when dead. Its dorsal and anal fins are long, and extend back on
each side of the tail. It has large silvery scales which are used in the
manufacture of fancy work. Called also, locally, <i>black perch</i>,
<i>grouper</i>, and <i>flasher</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"li*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>triplicatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>triplicare</i> to triple, treble; <i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>)
+ <i>plicare</i> to fold. See <u>Ply</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Made thrice as much; threefold; tripled.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Triplicate ratio</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the ratio of the
cubes of two quantities; thus, the <i>triplicate ratio</i> of <i>a</i> to
<i>b</i> is <i>a<sup>3</sup>: b<sup>3</sup></i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trip"li*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A third thing
corresponding to two others of the same kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"li*cate-ter`nate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Triternate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"li*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>triplicatio</i>: cf. F. <i>triplication</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of tripling, or making threefold, or adding three
together.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Surrejoinder</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*plic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>triplicit&eacute;</i>, fr. L. <i>triplex</i>, <i>triplicis</i>,
threefold. See <u>Triplicate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The quality or
state of being triple, or threefold; trebleness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In their trinal <i>triplicities</i> on high.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trip`li*cos"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Triple</i> +
<i>costate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Three-ribbed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>triplite</i>.
See <u>Triple</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral of a dark brown color,
generally with a fibrous, massive structure. It is a fluophosphate of iron
and manganese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip`lo*blas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; threefold +
<i>-blast + -ic</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, that condition of the ovum in which there are three primary
germinal layers, or in which the blastoderm splits into three
layers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip*loi"dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
manganese phosphate near triplite, but containing hydroxyl instead of
fluorine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a triple
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"mad`am</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tripe-madame</i>,
<i>trique-madame</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Prickmadam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tripus</i>, <i>-
odis</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?;, &?;, foot. See <u>Foot</u>,
and cf. <u>Tripos</u>, <u>Trivet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any utensil
or vessel, as a stool, table, altar, caldron, etc., supported on three
feet.</def></p>

<p>&fist; On such, a stool, in the temple of Apollo at Delphi, the Pythian
priestess sat while giving responses to those consulting the Delphic
oracle.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A three-legged frame or stand, usually jointed
at top, for supporting a theodolite, compass, telescope, camera, or other
instrument.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tripod of life</b></col>, or <col><b>Vital tripod</b></col>
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the three organs, the heart, lungs, and brain; -- so
called because their united action is necessary to the maintenance of
life.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tri*po"di*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An
ancient stringed instrument; -- so called because, in form, it resembled
the Delphic tripod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"o*dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + <i>-
pody</i>, as in <i>dipody</i>.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Three metrical feet
taken together, or included in one measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"o*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An
earthy substance originally brought from Tripoli, used in polishing stones
and metals. It consists almost wholly of the siliceous shells of
diatoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to Tripoli or its inhabitants; Tripolitan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to tripoli, the
mineral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*pol"i*tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Tripoli or its inhabitants; Tripoline.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Tripoli.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"pos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Triposes</b></plw> (#). [Gr. &?; a tripod. See <u>Tripod</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tripod.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A university examination of questionists, for
honors; also, a tripos paper; one who prepares a tripos paper.</def>
[Cambridge University, Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Classical tripos examination</b></col>, <cd>the final university
examination for classical honors, optional to all who have taken the
mathematical honors.</cd> <i>C. A. Bristed.</i> -- <col><b>Tripos
paper</b></col>, <cd>a printed list of the successful candidates for
mathematical honors, accompanied by a piece in Latin verse. There are two
of these, designed to commemorate the two tripos days. The first contains
the names of the wranglers and senior optimes, and the second the names of
the junior optimes. The word <i>tripos</i> is supposed to refer to the
three-legged stool formerly used at the examinations for these honors,
though some derive it from the three <i>brackets</i> formerly printed on
the back of the paper.</cd> <i>C. A. Bristed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trip"pant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>See
<u>Tripping</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who trips or supplants; also, one who walks or trips nimbly; a
dancer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An excursionist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A cam,
wiper, or projecting piece which strikes another piece
repeatedly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Quick; nimble; stepping lightly and quickly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having the right forefoot lifted,
the others remaining on the ground, as if he were trotting; trippant; --
said of an animal, as a hart, buck, and the like, used as a
bearing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"ping</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of
one who, or that which, trips.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A light dance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Other <i>trippings</i> to be trod of lighter
toes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The loosing of an anchor from the
ground by means of its cable or buoy rope.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tripping line</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a small rope
attached to the topgallant or royal yard, used to trip the yard, and in
lowering it to the deck; also, a line used in letting go the anchor.</cd>
<i>Luce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trip"ping*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tripping manner;
with a light, nimble, quick step; with agility; nimbly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sing, and dance it <i>trippingly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Speak the speech . . . <i>trippingly</i> on the
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Trip"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
to rub.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Trituration.</def> [R.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Shampoo.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Trip"tote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>triptotum</i>, Gr.
&?; with three cases; &?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?; falling, fr. &?; to
fall.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A noun having three cases only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trip"tych</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; consisting of
three layers or plates; &?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?;, &?;, a fold, layer.]
<def>Anything in three parts or leaves.</def> Specifically: --
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A writing tablet in three parts, two of which fold
over on the middle part.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A picture or altarpiece in three
compartments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*pu"di*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tripudium</i> a
measured stamping, a leaping, a solemn religious dance.] <def>Of or
pertaining to dancing; performed by dancing.</def> [R.] " <i>Tripudiary</i>
augurations."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*pu"di*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tripudiare</i>, <i>tripudiatum</i>.] <def>To dance.</def> [R.]
<i>Cockeram.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*pu`di*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tripudiatio</i>.] <def>The act of dancing.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.
Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri`quad*ran"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>quadrantal</i>.] <i>(Spherical Trig.)</i> <def>Having three quadrants;
thus, a <i>triquadrantal</i> triangle is one whose three sides are
quadrants, and whose three angles are consequently right angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*que"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Triquetrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*que"trous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>triquetrus</i>.]
<def>Three sided, the sides being plane or concave; having three salient
angles or edges; trigonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*que"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Triquetra</b></plw> (#). [NL.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the bones
of the carpus; the cuneiform. See <u>Cuneiform</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*ra"di*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*ra"di*a`ted</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + <i>radiate</i>.] <def>Having
three rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`rec*tan"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i>
+ <i>rectangular</i>.] <i>(Spherical Trig.)</i> <def>Having three right
angles. See <u>Triquadrantal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"reme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>triremis</i>; <i>tri-
</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>remus</i> an oar, akin to E. <i>row</i>. See
Row to propel with an oar.] <i>(Class. Antiq.)</i> <def>An ancient galley
or vessel with tree banks, or tiers, of oars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`rhom*boid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>rhomboidal</i>.] <def>Having three rhombic faces or sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*sac`ra*men*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>tri-</i> + <i>sacramentarian</i>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One who
recognizes three sacraments, and no more; -- namely, baptism, the Lord's
Supper, and penance. See <u>Sacrament</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tris*ag"i*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
thrice holy; &?; thrice + &?; holy.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An ancient anthem,
-- usually known by its Latin name <i>tersanctus</i>.See
<u>Tersanctus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*sect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trisected</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trisecting</u>.] [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + L. <i>sectus</i>, p. p. of
<i>secare</i> to cut. See <u>Section</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut
or divide into three parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>To cut or divide into three equal
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*sect"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided
into three parts or segments by incisions extending to the midrib or to the
base; -- said of leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*sec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>trisection</i>.] <def>The division of a thing into three parts,
Specifically: <i>(Geom.)</i> the division of an angle into three equal
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*ser"al*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>sepal</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having three sepals, or calyx
leaves.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*se"ri*al</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*se"ri*ate</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + <i>serial</i>, <i>seriate</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Arranged in three vertical or spiral rows.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tris"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., form Gr. &?;
gnashing of the teeth.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The lockjaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tris*ni"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thrice + E.
<i>nitrate</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A nitrate formed from three molecules
of nitric acid; also, less properly, applied to certain basic nitrates; as,
<i>trisnitrate</i> of bismuth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tris*oc`ta*he"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thrice +
FE. <i>octahedron</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A solid of the isometric
system bounded by twenty-four equal faces, three corresponding to each face
of an octahedron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tetragonal trisoctahedron</b></col>, <cd>a trisoctahedron each
face of which is a quadrilateral; called also <i>trapezohedron</i> and
<i>icositetrahedron</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Trigonal trisoctahedron</b></col>,
<cd>a trisoctahedron each face of which is an isosceles triangle.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri"spast</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*spas"ton</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>trispaston</i>, fr. Gr. &?; drawn threefold;
&?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?; to draw.] <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A machine with
three pulleys which act together for raising great weights.</def>
<i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*sper"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
Gr. &?; seed.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Containing three seeds; three-seeded; as,
a <i>trispermous</i> capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*splanch"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tri-</i> +
<i>splanchnic</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the three great
splanchnic cavities, namely, that of the head, the chest, and the abdomen;
-- applied to the sympathetic nervous system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trist</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Triste</u>.] <def>To trust.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tryst</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Trust.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A post, or station, in hunting.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A secret meeting, or the place of such meeting;
a tryst. See <u>Tryst</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>George Douglas caused a <i>trist</i> to be set between him
and the cardinal and four lords; at the which <i>trist</i> he and the
cardinal agreed finally.</blockquote> <i>Letter dated Sept., 1543.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trist</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>triste</i>, L.
<i>tristis</i>.] <def>Sad; sorrowful; gloomy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Triste</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cattle fair.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tri*ste"a*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Tristearin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*ste"a*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>stearin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Stearin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trist"ful</hw> (-f&usdot;l), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sad;
sorrowful; gloomy.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Eyes so <i>tristful</i>, eyes so <i>tristful</i>,<BR>
Heart so full of care and cumber.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trist"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tristful manner;
sadly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tris"tich*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; in three rows;
&?; (see <u>Tri-</u>) + &?; a row.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Arranged in three
vertical rows.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri`stig*mat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Tri*stig"ma*tose`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + <i>stigma</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having, or consisting of, three stigmas.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tris*ti"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tristitia</i> sadness, fr. <i>tristis</i> sad.] <def>To make sad.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1542 !></p>

<p><hw>||Tris"to*ma</hw> (tr&ibreve;s"t&osl;*m&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[NL., from Gr. <grk>tri-</grk> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <grk>sto`ma</grk>
mouth.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of trematode
worms belonging to <i>Tristoma</i> and allied genera having a large
posterior sucker and two small anterior ones. They usually have broad,
thin, and disklike bodies, and are parasite on the gills and skin of
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trist"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Trist</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]  <i>Ashmole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"sulc</hw> (tr&imacr;"s&ubreve;lk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>trisulcus</i>; <i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-</u>) + <i>sulcus</i> a furrow.]
<def>Something having three forks or prongs, as a trident.</def> [Obs.]
"Jupiter's <i>trisulc</i>."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*sul"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>sulcate</i>.] <def>Having three furrows, forks, or prongs; having three
grooves or sulci; three-grooved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*sul"phide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>sulphide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sulphide containing three atoms of
sulphur.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tris`yl*lab"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Tris`yl*lab"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trisyllabus</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; (see <u>Tri-</u>)
+ &?; a syllable: cf. F. <i>trissyllabique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
trisyllable; consisting of three syllables; as, "syllable" is a
<i>trisyllabic</i> word.</def> -- <wf>Tris`yllab"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tri*syl"la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>syllable</i>.] <def>A word consisting of three syllables only; as, <i>a-
ven-ger</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trite</hw> (tr&imacr;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tritus</i>, p.
p. of <i>terere</i> to rub, to wear out; probably akin to E. <i>throw</i>.
See <u>Throw</u>, and cf. <u>Contrite</u>, <u>Detriment</u>,
<u>Tribulation</u>, <u>Try</u>.] <def>Worn out; common; used until so
common as to have lost novelty and interest; hackneyed; stale; as, a
<i>trite</i> remark; a <i>trite</i> subject.</def> -- <wf>Trite"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Trite"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tri*ter"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>ternate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Three times ternate; -- applied to a
leaf whose petiole separates into three branches, each of which divides
into three parts which each bear three leafiets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"the*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + Gr.
&?; God: cf. F. <i>trith&eacute;isme</i>.] <def>The opinion or doctrine
that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are three distinct Gods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"the*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>trith&eacute;iste</i>.] <def>One who believes in tritheism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri`the*is"tic</hw> (?), <hw>Tri`the*is"tic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to tritheism.</def>
<i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"the*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>trith&eacute;ite</i>.] <def>A tritheist.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E.
Phillips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"thing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See Ist <u>Riding</u>.]
<def>One of three ancient divisions of a county in England; -- now called
<i>riding</i>.</def> [Written also <i>riding</i>.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*thi"on*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of trithionic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`thi*on"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>thionic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to, or designating, a
certain thionic acid, H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>O<sub>6</sub> which is
obtained as a colorless, odorless liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trit"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Trite.</def> [Obs.]
<i>T. Warton.</i> -- <wf>Trit"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
-- <wf>Trit"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trit"i*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
carbohydrate isomeric with dextrin, obtained from quitch grass
(<i>Agropyrum</i>, formerly <i>Triticum, repens</i>) as a white amorphous
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trit"i*cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., perhaps fr.
<i>tritus</i>, p. p. of <i>terere</i> to grind.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of grasses including the various species of wheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.&?;.] <i>(Gr.
Myth.)</i> <def>A fabled sea demigod, the son of Neptune and Amphitrite,
and the trumpeter of Neptune. He is represented by poets and painters as
having the upper part of his body like that of a man, and the lower part
like that of a fish. He often has a trumpet made of a shell.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have sight of Proteus rising from the sea,<BR>
Or hear old <i>Triton</i> blow his wreathed horn.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of many species of
marine gastropods belonging to <i>Triton</i> and allied genera, having a
stout spiral shell, often handsomely colored and ornamented with prominent
varices. Some of the species are among the largest of all gastropods.
Called also <i>trumpet shell</i>, and <i>sea trumpet</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of aquatic salamanders. The common European species are <i>Hemisalamandra
cristata</i>, <i>Molge palmata</i>, and <i>M. alpestris</i>, a red-bellied
species common in Switzerland. The most common species of the United States
is <i>Diemyctylus viridescens</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Salamander</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"tone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>tri`tonos</grk>
of three tones; <grk>tri-</grk> tri- + <grk>to`nos</grk> a tone.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A superfluous or augmented fourth.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tri*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>Same as
<u>Triturium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*to"vum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tritova</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; third + L. <i>ovum</i>
egg.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An embryonic insect which has twice cast its
skin previous to hatching from the egg.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`to*zo"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; third + &?; an
animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A zooid of the third generation in
asexual reproduction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trit"u*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>triturable</i>.] <def>Capable of being triturated.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trit"u*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Triturated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Triturating</u>.] [L. <i>trituratus</i>, p. p. of <i>triturate</i> to
thrash (grain), fr. <i>terere</i>, <i>tritum</i>, to rub, rub to pieces.
See <u>Trite</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub, grind, bruise, or
thrash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rub or grind to a very fine or impalpable
powder; to pulverize and comminute thoroughly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trit`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>trituration</i>, L. <i>trituratio</i> a thrashing of grain.] <def>The
act of triturating, or reducing to a fine or impalpable powder by grinding,
rubbing, bruising, etc.</def>  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trit"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tritura</i>, from
<i>terere</i>, <i>tritum</i>, to rub, rub to pieces.] <def>A rubbing or
grinding; trituration.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*tu"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; cf. L.
<i>terere</i>, <i>tritum</i> to rub.] <def>A vessel for separating liquids
of different densities.</def> [Written also <i>tritorium</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tri"tyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; third + <i>-yl</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Propyl.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tri"tyl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Propylene.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tri"umph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>triumphus</i>, OL.
<i>triumpus</i>; of uncertain origin; cf. Gr. &?; a procession in honor of
Bacchus: cf. F. <i>triomphe</i>.  Cf. <u>Trump</u> at cards.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A magnificent and imposing
ceremonial performed in honor of a general who had gained a decisive
victory over a foreign enemy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The general was allowed to enter the city crowned with a wreath
of laurel, bearing a scepter in one hand, and a branch of laurel in the
other, riding in a circular chariot, of a peculiar form, drawn by four
horses. He was preceded by the senate and magistrates, musicians, the
spoils, the captives in fetters, etc., and followed by his army on foot in
marching order. The procession advanced in this manner to the Capitoline
Hill, where sacrifices were offered, and victorious commander entertained
with a public feast.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any triumphal procession; a pompous
exhibition; a stately show or pageant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our daughter,<BR>
In honor of whose birth these <i>triumphs</i> are,<BR>
Sits here, like beauty's child.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A state of joy or exultation for
success.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great <i>triumph</i> and rejoicing was in
heaven.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hercules from Spain<BR>
Arrived in <i>triumph</i>, from Geryon slain.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Success causing exultation; victory; conquest;
as, the <i>triumph</i> of knowledge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A trump card; also, an old game at cards.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tri"umph</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Triumphed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Triumphing</u>.] [L. <i>triumphare</i>: cf. F. <i>triompher</i>. See
<u>Triumph</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To celebrate
victory with pomp; to rejoice over success; to exult in an advantage
gained; to exhibit exultation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How long shall the wicked <i>triumph</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xciv. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sorrow on thee and all the pack of you<BR>
That <i>triumph</i> thus upon my misery!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To obtain victory; to be successful; to
prevail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Triumphing</i> over death, and chance, and thee, O
Time.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On this occasion, however, genius triumphed.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be prosperous; to flourish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where commerce <i>triumphed</i> on the favoring
gales.</blockquote> <i>Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To play a trump card.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"umph</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To obtain a victory
over; to prevail over; to conquer. Also, to cause to triumph.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Two and thirty legions that awe<BR>
All nations of the <i>triumphed</i> word.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*um"phal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>triumphalis</i>:
cf. F. <i>triomphal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to triumph; used in a
triumph; indicating, or in honor of, a triumph or victory; as, a
<i>triumphal</i> crown; a <i>triumphal</i> arch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Messiah his <i>triumphal</i> chariot turned.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*um"phal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A token of
victory.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Joyless <i>triumphals</i> of his hoped success.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*um"phant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>triumphans</i>,
p. pr. of <i>triumphare</i>: cf. F. <i>triomphant</i>. See <u>Triumph</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rejoicing for victory; triumphing;
exultant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Successful beyond hope to lead ye forth<BR>
<i>Triumphant</i> out of this infernal pit.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Celebrating victory; expressive of joy for
success; as, a <i>triumphant</i> song or ode.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Graced with conquest; victorious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Athena, war's <i>triumphant</i> maid.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So shall it be in the church <i>triumphant</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Perkins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to triumph; triumphal.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Captives bound to a <i>triumphant</i> car.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Church triumphant</b></col>, <cd>the church in heaven, enjoying
a state of triumph, her warfare with evil being over; -- distinguished from
<i>church militant</i>. See under <u>Militant</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tri*um"phant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a triumphant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"umph*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>One who was honored with a triumph; a
victor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who triumphs or rejoices for
victory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"umph*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or celebrating a
triumph; victorious; triumphant.</def> -- <wf>Tri"umph*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*um"vir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Triumviri</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Triumvirs</b></plw> (#). [L.,
fr. <i>res</i>, gen. <i>trium</i>, three + <i>vir</i> a man. See
<u>Three</u>, and <u>Virile</u>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>One of tree men
united in public office or authority.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In later times the triumvirs of Rome were three men who jointly
exercised sovereign power. Julius C&aelig;sar, Crassus, and Pompey were the
first triumvirs; Octavianus (Augustus), Antony, and Lepidus were the second
and last.</p>

<p><hw>Tri*um"vi*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>triumviratus</i>: cf. F. <i>triumvirat</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Government by three in coalition or association; the term of such a
government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coalition or association of three in office or
authority; especially, the union of three men who obtained the government
of the Roman empire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*um"vi*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
triumvirate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri"une</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + L.
<i>unus</i> one. See <u>One</u>.] <def>Being three in one; -- an epithet
used to express the unity of a trinity of persons in the Godhead.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*un"gu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Triunguli</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Tri-</u>, and
<u>Ungulate</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The active young larva of any
oil beetle. It has feet armed with three claws, and is parasitic on bees.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Oil beetle</i>, under <u>Oil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*u"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being triune; trinity.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Triv"a*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
quality or state of being trivalent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Triv"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + L.
<i>valens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. See <u>Valence</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Having a valence of three; capable of being combined with, substituted
for, or compared with, three atoms of hydrogen; -- said of triad atoms or
radicals; thus, nitrogen is <i>trivalent</i> in ammonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"valve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>valve</i>.] <def>Anything having three valves, especially a
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*val"vu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>valvular</i>.] <def>Having three valves; three-valved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Triv"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A truant.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri*ver"bi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> + L.
<i>verbum</i> a word.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, certain days allowed to the pretor for hearing causes, when be
might speak the three characteristic words of his office, <i>do</i>,
<i>dico</i>, <i>addico</i>. They were called <i>dies fasti</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Triv"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably through French fr.
L. <i>tripes</i>, <i>-edis</i>, three-footed; <i>tri-</i> (see <u>Tri-
</u>)+ <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot: cf. F. <i>tr&eacute;pied</i>. See
<u>Foot</u>, and cf. <u>Tripod</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tree-legged
stool, table, or other support; especially, a stand to hold a kettle or
similar vessel near the fire; a tripod.</def> [Written also
<i>trevet</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A weaver's knife. See <u>Trevat</u>.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Trivet table</b></col>, <cd>a table supported by three
legs.</cd>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Triv"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trivialis</i>,
properly, that is in, or belongs to, the crossroads or public streets;
hence, that may be found everywhere, common, fr. <i>trivium</i> a place
where three roads meet, a crossroad, the public street; <i>tri-</i> (see
<u>Tri-</u>) + <i>via</i> a way: cf. F. <i>trivial</i>. See <u>Voyage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Found anywhere; common.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ordinary; commonplace; trifling;
vulgar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a scholar, meantime, he was <i>trivial</i>, and incapable
of labor.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of little worth or importance; inconsiderable;
trifling; petty; paltry; as, a <i>trivial</i> subject or affair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>trivial</i> round, the common task.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the trivium.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trivial name</b></col> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>, <cd>the specific
name.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Triv"i*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the three liberal
arts forming the trivium.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Skelton. Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Triv"i*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trivial matter
or method; a triviality.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Triv`i*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trivialities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>trivialit&eacute;</i>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being trivial;
trivialness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is trivial; a trifle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The philosophy of our times does not expend itself in
furious discussions on mere scholastic <i>trivialities</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Lyon Playfair.</i></p>

<p><hw>Triv"i*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a trivial
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Triv"i*al*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being trivial.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Triv"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. See <u>Trivial</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The three " liberal" arts, grammar, logic, and
rhetoric; -- being a triple way, as it were, to eloquence.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>trivium</i> and <i>quadrivium</i> together made up the
seven liberal arts. See <u>Quadrivium</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The three anterior ambulacra
of echinoderms, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"week`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
<i>weekly</i>.] <def>Occurring or appearing three times a week;
thriceweekly; as, a <i>triweekly</i> newspaper.</def> --
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Three times a week.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A triweekly publication.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This is a convenient word, but is not legitimately formed. It
should mean occurring once in three weeks, as <i>triennial</i> means once
in three years.  Cf. <u>Biweekly</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Troad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Trode</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Troat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Either onomatopoetic, or
akin to <i>throat</i>.] <def>To cry, as a buck in rutting time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The cry of a buck in rutting
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"car</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trocart</i> (or
<i>trois-quarts</i>, i. e., three quarters); <i>trois</i> three (L.
<i>tres</i>) + <i>carre</i> the side of a sword blade; -- so called from
its triangular point.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A stylet, usually with a
triangular point, used for exploring tissues or for inserting drainage
tubes, as in dropsy.</def> [Written also <i>trochar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tro*cha"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A
trochaic verse or measure.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tro*cha"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Tro*cha"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>trocha&iuml;cus</i>, Gr. &?; or &?;. See
<u>Trochee</u>.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to trochees;
consisting of trochees; as, <i>trochaic</i> measure or verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"chal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?; a wheel.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Resembling a wheel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trochal disk</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cephalic
disk of a rotifer. It is usually surrounded by a fringe of cilia.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Tro*chan"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of two processes near the head
of the femur, the outer being called the <i>great trochanter</i>, and the
inner the <i>small trochanter</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The third joint of the leg
of an insect, or the second when the trochantine is united with the
coxa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro`chan*ter"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to one or both of the trochanters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro*chan"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The second joint of the leg of an insect, -- often united with the
coxa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"char</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>See
<u>Trocar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"che</hw> (tr&omacr;"k&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>trocho`s</grk> anything round or circular, a wheel, properly, a
runner, fr. <grk>tre`chein</grk> to run.  Cf. <u>Trochee</u>.]
<i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A medicinal tablet or lozenge; strictly, one of
circular form.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1543 !></p>

<p><hw>Tro"chee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trochaeus</i>, Gr.
&?; (sc.&?;), from &?; running, from &?; to run.  Cf. <u>Troche</u>,
<u>Truck</u> a wheel.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A foot of two syllables, the
first long and the second short, as in the Latin word <i>ante</i>, or the
first accented and the second unaccented, as in the English word
<i>motion</i>; a choreus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"chil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>trochile</i>. See
<u>Trochilus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The crocodile bird.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The crocodile . . . opens his chaps to let the
<i>trochil</i> in to pick his teeth, which gives it the usual
feeding.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Troch"i*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Trochilus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of birds comprising
the humming birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro*chil"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Trochilics</u>.]
<def>OF or pertaining to rotary motion; having power to draw out or turn
round.</def> "By art <i>trochilic</i>."  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tro*chil"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the sheaf of a
pulley, roller of a windlass, from &?; to run.] <def>The science of rotary
motion, or of wheel work.</def>  <i>Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tro*chil"i*dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Trochilus</u>.] <def>One who studies, or is versed in, the nature and
habits of humming birds, or the <i>Trochilid&aelig;</i>.</def>
<i>Gould.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Troch"i*los</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Trochilus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The crocodile bird, or
trochil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Troch"i*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trochili</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>trochilus</i> a kind of small bird.
Gr. &?;, fr. <i>&?;</i> to run.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of humming birds. It Formerly included all
the known species.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several
species of wrens and kinglets.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
crocodile bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An annular molding whose section
is concave, like the edge of a pulley; -- called also
<i>scotia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"ching</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>troche</i> cluster,
group; cf. F. <i>trochure</i> a surantler, <i>troch&eacute;e</i> branches
of a seedling, <i>trochet</i> cluster of flowers or fruits.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the small branches of a stag's
antler.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tro*chis"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trochisci</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?; a small ball, dim. of &?;
a wheel. See <u>Troche</u>.] <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A kind of tablet or
lozenge; a troche.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"chisk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>trochisque</i>.]
<def>See <u>Trochiscus</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tro"chite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a wheel.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A wheel-like joint of the stem of a fossil
crinoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Troch"le*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a case or sheaf
containing one or more pulleys, Gr. &?;. See <u>Trochilics</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A pulley.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A pulley, or a structure
resembling a pulley; as, the <i>trochlea</i>, or pulleylike end, of the
humerus, which articulates with the ulna; or the <i>trochlea</i>, or
fibrous ring, in the upper part of the orbit, through which the superior
oblique, or trochlear, muscle of the eye passes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troch"le*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trochlea</i> block
or pulley.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Shaped like, or resembling, a pulley;
pertaining to, or connected with, a trochlea; as, a <i>trochlear</i>
articular surface; the <i>trochlear</i> muscle of the eye.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trochlear nerve</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Pathetic nerve</i>, under
<u>Pathetic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Troch"le*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or connected with, a trochlea; trochlear; as, the
<i>trochleary</i>, or trochlear, nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"choid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a wheel + <i>-
oid</i>; cf. F. <i>trocho&iuml;de</i>. See <u>Troche</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i>
<def>The curve described by any point in a wheel rolling on a line; a
cycloid; a roulette; in general, the curve described by any point fixedly
connected with a moving curve while the moving curve rolls without slipping
on a second fixed curve, the curves all being in one plane. Cycloids,
epicycloids, hypocycloids, cardioids, etc., are all trochoids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"choid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Admitting of rotation on an axis; -- sometimes applied
to a pivot joint like that between the atlas and axis in the vertebral
column.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Top-shaped; having a flat
base and conical spire; -- said of certain shells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
genus Trochus or family <i>Trochid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro*choid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a trochoid; having the properties
of a trochoid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat. &amp;  Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Trochoid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Tro*chom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a wheel +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>A contrivance for computing the revolutions of a
wheel; an odometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troch"o*sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a wheel +
<i>sphere</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young larval form of many
annelids, mollusks, and bryozoans, in which a circle of cilia is developed
around the anterior end.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tro"chus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trochi</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a wheel.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of marine univalve
shells belonging to <i>Trochus</i> and many allied genera of the family
<i>Trochid&aelig;</i>. Some of the species are called also
<i>topshells</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old English game; --
called also <i>lawn billiards</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trod</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Tread</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trod"den</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Tread</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trode</hw> (?), archaic <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Tread</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On burnished hooves his war-horse <i>trode</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trode</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>trod</i>, fr. <i>tredan</i>
to tread. See <u>Tread</u>.] <def>Tread; footing.</def> [Written also
<i>troad</i>.][Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trog"lo*dyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>troglodytae</i>,
pl., Gr. &?; one who creeps into holes; &?; a hole, cavern (fr. &?; to
gnaw) + &?; enter: cf. F. <i>troglodyte</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>One of any savage race that dwells in caves, instead
of constructing dwellings; a cave dweller. Most of the primitive races of
man were troglodytes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the <i>troglodytes'</i> country there is a lake, for the
hurtful water it beareth called the "mad lake."</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An anthropoid ape, as the
chimpanzee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wren.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trog`lo*dy"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Troglodyte</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
apes including the chimpanzee.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of singing birds
including the common wrens.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trog`lo*dyt"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Trog`lo*dyt"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>troglodyticus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <def>Of or
pertaining to a troglodyte, or dweller in caves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of beautiful tropical birds belonging to
the family <i>Trogonid&aelig;</i>. They are noted for the brilliant colors
and the resplendent luster of their plumage.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some of the species have a train of long brilliant feathers lying
over the tail and consisting of the upper tail coverts. Unlike other birds
having two toes directed forward and two backward, they have the inner toe
turned backward. A few species are found in Africa and India, but the
greater number, including the most brilliant species, are found in tropical
America. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Quesal</u>.
</p>

<p><hw>Tro"gon*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Trogon</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
trogons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>trog</i> trough, E.
<i>trough</i>.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A wooden trough, forming a
drain.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tro"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Troicus</i>, Gr. &?;,
fr. &?;. See <u>Trojan</u>.] <def>Pertaining to Troy; Trojan.</def>
<i>Gladstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tro"i*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Named after Dominico
<i>Troili</i>, an Italian of the 18th century.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native
iron protosulphide, FeS. It is known only in meteoric irons, and is usually
in imbedded nodular masses of a bronze color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"i*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Troili</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Troiluses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr.
L. <i>Troilus</i>, Gr. &?;, the son of Priam.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large, handsome American butterfly (<i>Euph&oelig;ades, or Papilio,
troilus</i>). It is black, with yellow marginal spots on the front wings,
and blue spots on the rear wings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"jan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Trojanus</i>, fr.
<i>Troja</i>, <i>Troia</i>, Troy, from <i>Tros</i>, Gr. <grk>Trw`s</grk>,
<grk>Trwo`s</grk>, Tros, the mythical founder of Troy.] <def>Of or
pertaining to ancient Troy or its inhabitants.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of Troy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>troll</i>.  Cf.
<u>Droll</u>, <u>Trull</u>.] <i>(Scand. Myth.)</i> <def>A supernatural
being, often represented as of diminutive size, but sometimes as a giant,
and fabled to inhabit caves, hills, and like places; a witch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Troll flower</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Globeflower</u> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Troll</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trolled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trolling</u>.] [OE. <i>trollen</i> to roll, F. <i>tr&ocirc;ler</i>, Of.
<i>troller</i> to drag about, to ramble; probably of Teutonic origin; cf.
G. <i>trollen</i> to roll, ramble, sich <i>trollen</i> to be gone; or
perhaps for <i>trotler</i>, fr. F. <i>trotter</i> to trot (cf.
<u>Trot</u>.).  Cf. <u>Trawl</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move
circularly or volubly; to roll; to turn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To dress and <i>troll</i> the tongue, and roll the
eye.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send about; to circulate, as a vessel in
drinking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then doth she <i>troll</i> to the bowl.</blockquote>
<i>Gammer Gurton's Needle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Troll</i> the brown bowl.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sing the parts of in succession, as of a
round, a catch, and the like; also, to sing loudly or freely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will you <i>troll</i> the catch ?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His sonnets charmed the attentive crowd,<BR>
By wide-mouthed mortal<i>trolled</i> aloud.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To angle for with a trolling line, or with a
book drawn along the surface of the water; hence, to allure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To fish in; to seek to catch fish
from.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With patient angle <i>trolls</i> the finny
deep.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Troll</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To roll;
to run about; to move around; as, to <i>troll</i> in a coach and
six.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move rapidly; to wag.</def>  <i>F.
Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To take part in trolling a song.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fish with a rod whose line runs on a reel;
also, to fish by drawing the hook through the water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their young men . . . <i>trolled</i> along the brooks that
abounded in fish.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Troll</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
moving round; routine; repetition.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A song the parts of which are sung in
succession; a catch; a round.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thence the catch and <i>troll</i>, while "Laughter, holding
both his sides," sheds tears to song and ballad pathetic on the woes of
married life.</blockquote> <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A trolley.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Troll plate</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a rotative disk with
spiral ribs or grooves, by which several pieces, as the jaws of a chuck,
can be brought together or spread radially.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Troll"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
trolls.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trol"ley</hw>, <hw>Trol"ly</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A form of truck which can be tilted, for carrying
railroad materials, or the like.</def> [Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
narrow cart that is pushed by hand or drawn by an animal.</def> [Eng.]
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A truck from which the load is
suspended in some kinds of cranes.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Electric
Railway)</i> <def>A truck which travels along the fixed conductors, and
forms a means of connection between them and a railway car.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Troll"my*dames`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trou-
madame</i> pigeon holes.] <def>The game of nineholes.</def> [Written also
<i>trolmydames</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trol"lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Troll</u> to roll,
to stroll; but cf. also <u>Trull</u>.] <def>A stroller; a loiterer; esp.,
an idle, untidy woman; a slattern; a slut; a whore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trol`lop*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of loose
dress for women.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trom"bone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., aug. of <i>tromba</i>
a trumpet: cf. F. <i>trombone</i>. See <u>Trump</u> a trumpet.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A powerful brass instrument of the
trumpet kind, thought by some to be the ancient sackbut, consisting of a
tube in three parts, bent twice upon itself and ending in a bell. The
middle part, bent double, slips into the outer parts, as in a telescope, so
that by change of the vibrating length any tone within the compass of the
instrument (which may be bass or tenor or alto or even, in rare instances,
soprano) is commanded. It is the only member of the family of wind
instruments whose scale, both diatonic and chromatic, is complete without
the aid of keys or pistons, and which can slide from note to note as
smoothly as the human voice or a violin. Softly blown, it has a rich and
mellow sound, which becomes harsh and blatant when the tones are forced;
used with discretion, its effect is often solemn and majestic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common European
bittern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trom"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>trommel</i> a
drum.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A revolving buddle or sieve for separating, or
sizing, ores.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tromp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trombe</i>,
<i>trompe</i>, a waterspout, a water-blowing machine.  Cf. <u>Trump</u> a
trumpet.] <def>A blowing apparatus, in which air, drawn into the upper part
of a vertical tube through side holes by a stream of water within, is
carried down with the water into a box or chamber below which it is led to
a furnace.</def> [Written also <i>trompe</i>, and <i>trombe</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tromp</hw>, <hw>Trompe</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Trump</u> a trumpet.] <def>A trumpet; a trump.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tromp"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>trompille</i>,
equiv. to F. <i>trompette</i> a trumpet.] <def>An aperture in a
tromp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 3d <u>Trone</u>, 2.
</def> [Obs. or Scott.]</p>

<p><hw>Tro"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Egyptian or North African
origin.] <i>(Chem. &amp; Min.)</i> <def>A native double salt, consisting of a
combination of neutral and acid sodium carbonate,
Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>.<sub>2</sub>HNaCO<sub>3</sub>.
<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O, occurring as a white crystalline 
fibrous deposit from certain soda brine springs and lakes; -- called 
also <i>urao</i>, and by the ancients <i>nitrum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tron"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Trone</u> a
steelyard.] <def>A toll or duty paid for weighing wool; also, the act of
weighing wool.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tro*na"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. See <u>Tronage</u>.]
<def>An officer in London whose duty was to weigh wool.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A throne.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trone</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. F. <i>trogne</i> a
belly.] <def>A small drain.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Trone</hw> (?), <hw>Trones</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>trona</i>, fr. L. <i>trutina</i> a balance; cf. Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A steelyard.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A form of weighing machine for heavy wares,
consisting of two horizontal bars crossing each other, beaked at the
extremities, and supported by a wooden pillar. It is now mostly
disused.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Trone stone</b></col>, <cd>a weight equivalent to nineteen and a
half pounds.</cd> [Scot.] -- <col><b>Trone weight</b></col>, <cd>a weight
formerly used in Scotland, in which a pound varied from 21 to 28 ounces
avoirdupois.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Troop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>troupe</i>, OF.
<i>trope</i>, <i>trupe</i>, LL. <i>troppus</i>; of uncertain origin; cf.
Icel. <i>&thorn;orp</i> a hamlet, village, G. <i>dorf</i> a village, dial.
G. <i>dorf</i> a meeting. Norw. <i>torp</i> a little farm, a crowd, E.
<i>thorp</i>.  Cf. <u>Troupe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A collection of
people; a company; a number; a multitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which should accompany old age --<BR>
As honor, love, obedience, <i>troops</i> of friends --<BR>
I must not look to have.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soldiers, collectively; an army; -- now
generally used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Farewell the plumed <i>troop</i>, and the big
wars.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>troops</i> moved to victory with the precision of
machines.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Specifically, a small body of
cavalry, light horse, or dragoons, consisting usually of about sixty men,
commanded by a captain; the unit of formation of cavalry, corresponding to
the <i>company</i> in infantry. Formerly, also, a company of horse
artillery; a battery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A company of stageplayers; a troupe.</def>
<i>W. Coxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A particular roll of the drum; a
quick march.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Trooped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Trooping</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move in numbers; to come or gather in crowds or
troops.</def> "Armies . . . <i>troop</i> to their standard."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To march on; to go forward in haste.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor do I, as an enemy to peace,<BR>
<i>Troop</i> in the throngs of military men.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Troop"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any troupial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troop"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soldier in a body of
cavalry; a cavalryman; also, the horse of a cavalryman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troop"fowl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The American scaup duck.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Troop"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Troupial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troop"meal`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Troop</i> + <i>-
meal</i> as in <i>piecemeal</i>.] <def>By troops; in crowds.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So, <i>troopmeal</i>, Troy pursued a while, laying on with
swords and darts.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1544 !></p>

<p><hw>Troop"ship`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel built or
fitted for the conveyance of troops; a transport.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Troost"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after Dr. Gerard
<i>Troost</i>, of Nashville, Tenn.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Willemite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro*p&aelig;"o*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A name given to any one of a series of orange-red dyestuffs produced
artificially from certain complex sulphonic acid derivatives of azo and
diazo hydrocarbons of the aromatic series; -- so called because of the
general resemblance to the shades of nasturtium
(<i>Trop&aelig;olum</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Trope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tropus</i>, Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to turn. See <u>Torture</u>, and cf. <u>Trophy</u>, <u>Tropic</u>,
<u>Troubadour</u>, <u>Trover</u>.] <i>(Rhet.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The use of a word or expression in a different sense from that which
properly belongs to it; the use of a word or expression as changed from the
original signification to another, for the sake of giving life or emphasis
to an idea; a figure of speech.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The word or
expression so used.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In his frequent, long, and tedious speeches, it has been
said that a <i>trope</i> never passed his lips.</blockquote>
<i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Tropes are chiefly of four kinds: <i>metaphor</i>,
<i>metonymy</i>, <i>synecdoche</i>, and <i>irony</i>. Some authors make
<i>figures</i> the genus, of which <i>trope</i> is a species; others make
them different things, defining <i>trope</i> to be a change of sense, and
<i>figure</i> to be any ornament, except what becomes so by such
change.</p>

<p><hw>Tro*pe"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any
one of a series of artificial ethereal salts derived from the alkaloidal
base tropine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tro"phi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
feeder, fr. &?; to feed.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The mouth parts of an
insect, collectively, including the labrum, labium, maxill&aelig;,
mandibles, and lingua, with their appendages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; nursing. See
<u>Trophi</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or connected with nutrition;
nitritional; nourishing; as, the so-called <i>trophic</i> nerves, which
have a direct influence on nutrition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"phied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adorned with
trophies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>trophied</i> arches, storied halls,
invade.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tro*pho"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Trophonianus</i>, fr. <i>Trophonius</i>, Gr. &?;, a Grecian architect,
fabled to have been the builder of the first temple of Apollo at Delphi. He
was worshiped after death, and had a celebrated oracle in a cave in
B&oelig;otia.] <def>Of or pertaining to Trophonius, his architecture, or
his cave and oracle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troph"o*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a feeder + <i>-
some</i> body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The nutritive zooids of a hydroid,
collectively, as distinguished from the gonosome, or reproductive
zooids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troph"o*sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a feeder + &?;
seed: cf. F. <i>trophosperme</i>. See <u>Trophi</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The placenta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trophies</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>troph&eacute;e</i> (cf. It. &amp; Sp.
<i>trofeo</i>), L. <i>tropaeum</i>, <i>trophaeum</i>, Gr. &?;, strictly, a
monument of the enemy's defeat, fr.&?; a turn, especially, a turning about
of the enemy, a putting to flight or routing him, fr. &?; to turn. See
<u>Trope</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. &amp; Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A sign or
memorial of a victory raised on the field of battle, or, in case of a naval
victory, on the nearest land. Sometimes trophies were erected in the chief
city of the conquered people.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A trophy consisted originally of some of the armor, weapons,
etc., of the defeated enemy fixed to the trunk of a tree or to a post
erected on an elevated site, with an inscription, and a dedication to a
divinity. The Romans often erected their trophies in the Capitol.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The representation of such a memorial, as on a
medal; esp. <i>(Arch.)</i>, an ornament representing a group of arms and
military weapons, offensive and defensive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything taken from an enemy and preserved as a
memorial of victory, as arms, flags, standards, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Around the posts hung helmets, darts, and spears,<BR>
And captive chariots, axes, shields, and bars,<BR>
And broken beaks of ships, the <i>trophies</i> of their wars.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any evidence or memorial of victory or conquest;
as, every redeemed soul is a <i>trophy</i> of grace.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trophy money</b></col>, <cd>a duty paid formerly in England,
annually, by housekeepers, toward providing harness, drums, colors, and the
like, for the militia.</cd>
</p>

<p>
<hw>Trop"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Atrop</i>ine + <i>-ic</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained
from atropine and certain other alkaloids, as a white crystalline substance
slightly soluble in water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trop"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tropique</i>, L.
<i>tropicus</i> of or belonging to a turn, <i>i. e.</i>, of the sun, Gr.
&?; of the solstice, &?; (sc. &?;) the tropic or solstice, fr. &?; to turn.
See <u>Trope</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the two
small circles of the celestial sphere, situated on each side of the
equator, at a distance of 23&deg; 28&min;, and parallel to it, which the
sun just reaches at its greatest declination north or south, and from which
it turns again toward the equator, the northern circle being called the
<i>Tropic of Cancer</i>, and the southern the <i>Tropic of Capricorn</i>,
from the names of the two signs at which they touch the ecliptic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the
two parallels of terrestrial latitude corresponding to the celestial
tropics, and called by the same names.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<def>The region lying between these parallels of latitude, or near them on
either side.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brilliant flowers of the <i>tropics</i> bloom from the
windows of the greenhouse and the saloon.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trop"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
tropics; tropical.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tropic bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of three
species of oceanic belonging to the genus <i>Pha&euml;thon</i>, found
chiefly in tropical seas. They are mostly white, and have two central tail
feathers very long and slender. The yellow-billed tropic bird.
<i>Pha&euml;thon flavirostris</i> (called also <i>boatswain</i>), is found
on the Atlantic coast of America, and is common at the Bermudas, where it
breeds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trop"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>tropicus</i> of
turning, Gr. &?;. See <u>Tropic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the tropics; characteristic of,
or incident to, the tropics; being within the tropics; as, <i>tropical</i>
climate; <i>tropical</i> latitudes; <i>tropical</i> heat; <i>tropical</i>
diseases.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [From <u>Trope</u>.] <def>Rhetorically changed from
its exact original sense; being of the nature of a trope; figurative;
metaphorical.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The foundation of all parables is some analogy or similitude
between the <i>tropical</i> or allusive part of the parable and the thing
intended by it.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tropic month</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Lunar month</i>, under
<u>Month</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tropic year</b></col>, <cd>the solar year;
the period occupied by the sun in passing from one tropic or one equinox to
the same again, having a mean length of 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 46.0
seconds, which is 20 minutes, 23.3 seconds shorter than the sidereal year,
on account of the precession of the equinoxes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trop"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tropical
manner; figuratively; metaphorically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trop"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tropine</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid, C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>13</sub>N, obtained by
the chemical dehydration of tropine, as an oily liquid having a coninelike
odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro*pil"i*dene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tropine</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon obtained by the dry distillation
of tropine with quicklime. It is regarded as being homologous with
dipropargyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"pine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Atropine</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline alkaloid,
C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>15</sub>NO, produced by decomposing atropine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trop"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tropiste</i>. See
<u>Trope</u>.] <def>One who deals in tropes; specifically, one who avoids
the literal sense of the language of Scripture by explaining it as mere
tropes and figures of speech.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Trop`o*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Trop`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>tropologique</i>. See
<u>Tropology</u>.] <def>Characterized by tropes; varied by tropes;
tropical.</def> <i>Burton.</i> -- <wf>Trop`o*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tro*pol"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To use in a
tropological sense, as a word; to make a trope of.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If . . . Minerva be <i>tropologized</i> into
prudence.</blockquote> <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tro*pol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; a trope +
&?; discourse: cf. F. <i>tropologie</i>.] <def>A rhetorical mode of speech,
including tropes, or changes from the original import of the word.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tros"sers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Trousers.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trotting</u>.] [OE. <i>trotten</i>, OF. <i>troter</i>, F.
<i>trotter</i>; probably of Teutonic origin, and akin to E. <i>tread</i>;
cf. OHG. <i>trott&?;n</i> to tread. See <u>Tread</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To proceed by a certain gait peculiar to quadrupeds; to ride or drive
at a trot. See <u>Trot</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To run; to jog; to hurry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that rises late must <i>trot</i> all day, and will
scarcely overtake his business at night.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to move, as a horse
or other animal, in the pace called a trot; to cause to run without
galloping or cantering.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To trot out</b></col>, <cd>to lead or bring out, as a horse, to
show his paces; hence, to bring forward, as for exhibition.</cd>
[Slang.]</p>

<p><hw>Trot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Trot</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The pace of a horse or other
quadruped, more rapid than a walk, but of various degrees of swiftness, in
which one fore foot and the hind foot of the opposite side are lifted at
the same time.</def> "The limbs move diagonally in pairs in the
<i>trot</i>."  <i>Stillman (The Horse in Motion).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A jogging pace, as of a person
hurrying.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who trots; a child; a woman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An old <i>trot</i> with ne'er a tooth.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Troth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A variant of <i>truth</i>. See
<u>Truth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belief; faith; fidelity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bid her alight<BR>
And her<i>troth</i> plight.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Truth; verity; veracity; as, by my
<i>troth</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>troth</i>, thou art able to instruct gray
hairs.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Betrothal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troth"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Faitless; false;
treacherous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thrall to the faithless waves and <i>trothless</i>
sky.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Troth"plight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
betroth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Troth"plight`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Betrothed; espoused;
affianced.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Troth"plight`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of betrothing,
or plighting faith; betrothing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Troth"plight`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having fidelity
pledged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trot"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
that trots; especially, a horse trained to be driven in trotting
matches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The foot of an animal, especially that of a
sheep; also, humorously, the human foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trot"toir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from <i>trotter</i> to
trot. See <u>Trot</u>.] <def>Footpath; pavement; sidewalk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Headless bodies trailed along the
<i>trottoirs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trou"ba*dour`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>troubadour</i>,
fr. Pr. <i>trobador</i>, (assumed) LL. <i>tropator</i> a singer,
<i>tropare</i> to sing, fr. <i>tropus</i> a kind of singing, a melody,
song, L. <i>tropus</i> a trope, a song, Gr. &?; a turn, way, manner,
particular mode in music, a trope. See <u>Trope</u>, and cf.
<u>Trouv&?;re</u>.] <def>One of a school of poets who flourished from the
eleventh to the thirteenth century, principally in Provence, in the south
of France, and also in the north of Italy. They invented, and especially
cultivated, a kind of lyrical poetry characterized by intricacy of meter
and rhyme, and usually of a romantic, amatory strain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trou"bla*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing trouble;
troublesome.</def> [Obs.] "<i>troublable</i> ire."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trou"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Troubled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Troubling</u>.] [F. <i>troubler</i>, OF. <i>trobler</i>, <i>trubler</i>,
<i>tourbler</i>,fr. (assumed) LL. <i>turbulare</i>, L. <i>turbare</i> to
disorderly group, a little crowd; both from <i>turba</i> a disorder,
tumult, crowd; akin to Gr. &?;, and perhaps to E. <i>thorp</i>; cf. Skr.
<i>tvar</i>, <i>tur</i>,o hasten.  Cf. <u>Turbid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To put into confused motion; to disturb; to agitate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An angel went down at a certain season into the pool, and
<i>troubled</i> the water.</blockquote> <i>John v. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God looking forth will <i>trouble</i> all his
host.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disturb; to perplex; to afflict; to distress;
to grieve; to fret; to annoy; to vex.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now is my soul <i>troubled</i>.</blockquote> <i>John xii.
27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Take the boy to you; he so <i>troubles</i> me<BR>
'T is past enduring.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Never <i>trouble</i> yourself about those faults which age
will cure.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give occasion for labor to; -- used in polite
phraseology; as, I will not <i>trouble</i> you to deliver the
letter.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To disturb; perplex; afflict; distress; grieve; harass;
annoy; tease; vex; molest.</p>

<p><hw>Trou"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Troubled; dark;
gloomy.</def> [Obs.] "With full <i>trouble</i> cheer."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trou"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trouble</i>, OF.
<i>troble</i>, <i>truble</i>. See <u>Trouble</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being troubled; disturbance;
agitation; uneasiness; vexation; calamity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest the fiend . . . some new <i>trouble
raise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Foul whisperings are abroad; unnatural deeds<BR>
Do breed unnatural <i>troubles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which gives disturbance, annoyance, or
vexation; that which afflicts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A fault or interruption in a
stratum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To get into trouble</b></col>, <cd>to get into difficulty or
danger.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To take the trouble</b></col>, <cd>to be
at the pains; to exert one's self; to give one's self
inconvenience.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>She never <i>took the trouble</i> to close
them.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Affliction; disturbance; perplexity; annoyance;
molestation; vexation; inconvenience; calamity; misfortune; adversity;
embarrassment; anxiety; sorrow; misery.</p>

<p><hw>Trou"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who troubles or
disturbs; one who afflicts or molests; a disturber; as, a <i>troubler</i>
of the peace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rich <i>troublers</i> of the world's
repose.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trou"ble*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving trouble or
anxiety; vexatious; burdensome; wearisome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>troublesome</i> world.</blockquote> <i>Book of
Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>troublesome</i> disguises that we
wear.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My mother will never be <i>troublesome</i> to
me.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Uneasy; vexatious; perplexing; harassing; annoying;
disgusting; irksome; afflictive; burdensome; tiresome; wearisome;
importunate.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Trou"ble*some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Trou"ble*some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trou"blous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of trouble;
causing trouble.</def> "In doubtful time of <i>troublous</i> need."
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A tall ship tossed in <i>troublous</i> seas.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Trou"-de-loup"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trous-de-loup</b></plw> (&?;). [F. <i>trou</i> hole + <i>de</i> of
+ <i>loup</i> wolf.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A pit in the form of an inverted
cone or pyramid, constructed as an obstacle to the approach of an enemy,
and having a pointed stake in the middle. The pits are called also
<i>trapholes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trough</i>,
<i>trogh</i>, AS. <i>trog</i>, <i>troh</i>; akin to D., G., &amp; Icel.
<i>trog</i>, Sw. <i>tr&aring;g</i>, Dan. <i>trug</i>; probably originally
meaning, made of wood, and akin to E. <i>tree</i>. &?; &amp; 241. See
<u>Tree</u>, and cf. <u>Trug</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A long, hollow
vessel, generally for holding water or other liquid, especially one formed
by excavating a log longitudinally on one side; a long tray; also, a wooden
channel for conveying water, as to a mill wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any channel, receptacle, or depression, of a
long and narrow shape; as, <i>trough</i> between two ridges, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trough gutter</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a rectangular or V-
shaped gutter, usually hung below the eaves of a house.</cd> --
<col><b>Trough of the sea</b></col>, <cd>the depression between two
waves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trough"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any bivalve shell of the genus Mactra. See <u>Mactra</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troul</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Troll</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trounce</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trounced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trouncing</u> (?).] [F. <i>tronce</i>, <i>tronche</i>, a stump, piece of
wood. See <u>Truncheon</u>.] <def>To punish or beat severely; to whip
smartly; to flog; to castigate.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Troupe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., troop. See
<u>Troop</u>.] <def>A company or troop, especially the company pf
performers in a play or an opera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troup"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>troupiale</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of bright-colored
American birds belonging to <i>Icterus</i> and allied genera, especially
<i>Icterus icterus</i>, a native of the West Indies and South America. Many
of the species are called <i>orioles</i> in America.</def> [Written also
<i>troopial</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Trouse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Trousers.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trou"ser*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cloth or material
for making trousers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trou"sers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OF. <i>trousses</i>
breeches worn by pages, from <i>trousse</i>, <i>trosse</i>, a bundle, a
truss. See <u>Truss</u>, and cf. <u>Trossers</u>, <u>Trouse</u>.] <def>A
garment worn by men and boys, extending from the waist to the knee or to
the ankle, and covering each leg separately.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||Trous`seau"</hw> (tr&oomac;`s&omacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. OF. <i>trossel</i>, dim. of <i>trousse</i> a bundle, truss. See
<u>Truss</u>.] <def>The collective lighter equipments or outfit of a bride,
including clothes, jewelry, and the like; especially, that which is
provided for her by her family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trout</hw> (trout), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>truht</i>, L.
<i>tructa</i>, <i>tructus</i>; akin to Gr. <grk>trw`kths</grk> a sea fish
with sharp teeth, fr. <grk>trw`gein</grk> to gnaw.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of fishes belonging to
<i>Salmo</i>, <i>Salvelinus</i>, and allied genera of the family
<i>Salmonid&aelig;</i>. They are highly esteemed as game fishes and for the
quality of their flesh. All the species breed in fresh water, but after
spawning many of them descend to the sea if they have an
opportunity.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1545 !></p>

<p>&fist; The most important European species are the river, or brown,
trout (<i>Salmo fario</i>), the salmon trout, and the sewen. The most
important American species are the brook, speckled, or red-spotted, trout
(<i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i>) of the Northern United States and Canada;
the red-spotted trout, or Dolly Varden (see <u>Malma</u>); the lake trout
(see <u>Namaycush</u>); the black-spotted, mountain, or silver, trout
(<i>Salmo purpuratus</i>); the golden, or rainbow, trout (see under
<u>Rainbow</u>); the blueback trout (see <u>Oquassa</u>); and the salmon
trout (see under <u>Salmon</u>.) The European trout has been introduced
into America.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of marine fishes more or less resembling a trout in appearance or habits,
but not belonging to the same family, especially the California rock
trouts, the common squeteague, and the southern, or spotted, squeteague; --
called also <i>salt-water trout</i>, <i>sea trout</i>, <i>shad trout</i>,
and <i>gray trout</i>. See <u>Squeteague</u>, and <i>Rock trout</i> under
<u>Rock</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trout perch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small fresh-
water American fish (<i>Percopsis guttatus</i>), allied to the trout, but
resembling a perch in its scales and mouth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trout"bird`</hw> (trout"b&etilde;rd`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American golden plover.</def> [Local, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Trout"-col`ored</hw> (-k&ubreve;l`&etilde;rd), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>White, with spots of black, bay, or sorrel; as, a <i>trout-colored</i>
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trout"let</hw> (-l&ebreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
trout; a troutling.</def>  <i>Hood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trout"ling</hw> (-l&ibreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
trout; a troutlet.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Trou`v&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <hw>||Trou`veur"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trouveur</i>, <i>trouv&egrave;re</i>. See
<u>Troubadour</u>.] <def>One of a school of poets who flourished in
Northern France from the eleventh to the fourteenth century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"ver</hw> (tr&omacr;"v&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>trover</i>, <i>truver</i>, to find, F. <i>trouver</i>; probably
originally, to invent or compose (melodies), fr. (assumed) LL.
<i>tropare</i>. See <u>Troubadour</u>, <u>Trope</u>, and cf.
<u>Contrive</u>, <u>Reirieve</u>, <u>Trouveur</u>.] <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The gaining possession of any goods, whether by
finding or by other means.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An action to
recover damages against one who found goods, and would not deliver them to
the owner on demand; an action which lies in any case to recover the value
of goods wrongfully converted by another to his own use. In this case the
<i>finding</i>, though alleged, is an immaterial fact; the injury lies in
the <i>conversion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boat with an open well
amidships. It is used in spearing fish.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trowen</i>, AS.
<i>tre&oacute;wan</i> to trust, believe, fr. <i>tre&oacute;w</i> trust,
<i>tre&oacute;we</i> true, faithful. See <u>True</u>.] <def>To believe; to
trust; to think or suppose.</def> [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>So that ye <i>trow</i> in Christ, and you
baptize.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A better priest, I <i>trow</i>, there nowhere none
is.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It never yet was worn, I <i>trow</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>I trow</i>, or <i>trow</i> alone, was formerly sometimes added
to questions to express contemptuous or indignant surprise.</p>

<p><blockquote>What tempest, I <i>trow</i>, threw this whale . . .
ashore?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What is the matter, <i>trow</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trow"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>truel</i>, OF.
<i>truele</i>, F. <i>truelle</i>, LL. <i>truella</i>, L. <i>trulla</i>,
dim. of <i>trua</i> a ladle; probably akin to Gr. &?; a stirrer, ladle, G.
<i>quirl</i> a stirrer, MHG. <i>twirel</i>, OHG. <i>dwiril</i>, Icel.
<i>&thorn;vara</i>, AS. <i>&thorn;wiril</i>.  Cf. <u>Twirl</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mason's tool, used in spreading and dressing
mortar, and breaking bricks to shape them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gardener's tool, somewhat like a scoop, used
in taking up plants, stirring the earth, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Founding)</i> <def>A tool used for smoothing a
mold.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trowel bayonet</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Spade bayonet</i>, under
<u>Spade</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fish trowel</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Fish
slice</i>, under <u>Fish</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trow"eled</hw> (?). <def>Formed with a trowel; smoothed with a
trowel; as, <i>troweled</i> stucco, that is, stucco laid on and ready for
the reception of paint.</def> [Written also <i>trowelled</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Trow"el*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trowelfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a trowel will hold;
enough to fill a trowel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trowl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Troll</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trowsed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing trousers.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trow"sers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Trousers</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Troy weight.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Troy weight</b></col>, <cd>the weight which gold and silver,
jewels, and the like, are weighed. It was so named from <i>Troyes</i>, in
France, where it was first adopted in Europe. The troy ounce is supposed to
have been brought from Cairo during the crusades. In this weight the pound
is divided into 12 ounces, the ounce into 20 pennyweights, and the
pennyweight into 24 grains; hence, the troy ounce contains 480 grains, and
the troy pound contains 5760 grains. The avoirdupois pound contains 7000
troy grains; so that 175 pounds troy equal 144 pounds avoirdupois, or 1
pound troy = 0.82286 of a pound avoirdupois, and 1 ounce troy =
1&frac17x175; or 1.09714 ounce avoirdupois. Troy weight when divided, the
pound into 12 ounces, the ounce into 8 drams, the dram into 3 scruples, and
the scruple into 20 grains, is called <i>apothecaries' weight</i>, used in
weighing medicines, etc. In the standard weights of the United States, the
troy ounce is divided decimally down to the &frac1x10000; part.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Troy"ounce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <i>Troy
ounce</i>, under <i>Troy weight</i>, above, and under
<u>Ounce</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tru"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>truage</i> a tax.
See <u>True</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pledge of truth or peace made
on payment of a tax.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tax or impost; tribute.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R. of
Gloucester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tru"an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of playing
truant, or the state of being truant; as, addicted to
<i>truancy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tru"and</hw> (-<i>a</i>nd), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Truant</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tru"ant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>truand</i>, OF.
<i>truant</i>, a vagrant, beggar; of Celtic origin; cf. W. <i>tru</i>,
<i>truan</i>, wretched, miserable, <i>truan</i> a wretch, Ir. <i>trogha</i>
miserable, Gael. <i>truaghan</i> a poor, distressed, or wretched creature,
<i>truagh</i> wretched.] <def>One who stays away from business or any duty;
especially, one who stays out of school without leave; an idler; a
loiterer; a shirk.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have a <i>truant</i> been to chivalry.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To play truant</b></col>, <cd>to stray away; to loiter;
especially, to stay out of school without leave.</cd>  <i>Sir T.
Browne</i></p>

<p><hw>Tru"ant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wandering from business or
duty; loitering; idle, and shirking duty; as, a <i>truant</i>
boy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While <i>truant</i> Jove, in infant pride,<BR>
Played barefoot on Olympus' side.</blockquote> <i>Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tru"ant</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>truander</i>.]
<def>To idle away time; to loiter, or wander; to play the truant.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By this means they lost their time and <i>truanted</i> on
the fundamental grounds of saving knowledge.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tru"ant</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To idle away; to
waste.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I dare not be the author<BR>
Of <i>truanting</i> the time.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tru"ant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like a truant; in
idleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tru"ant*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The conduct of a
truant; neglect of employment; idleness; truancy.</def>  <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Truffle</u>.] <def>A
truffle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trub"tall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>trub</i>
slut; cf. Sw. <i>trubbig</i> stumpy.] <def>A short, squat woman.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tru*bu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
East India herring (<i>Clupea toli</i>) which is extensively caught for the
sake of its roe and for its flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Truce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trewes</i>,
<i>triwes</i>, <i>treowes</i>, pl. of <i>trewe</i> a truce, properly,
pledge of fidelity, truth, AS. <i>tre&oacute;w</i> fidelity, faith, troth.
See <u>True</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A suspension of
arms by agreement of the commanders of opposing forces; a temporary
cessation of hostilities, for negotiation or other purpose; an
armistice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, intermission of action, pain, or contest;
temporary cessation; short quiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where he may likeliest find<BR>
<i>Truce</i> to his restless thoughts.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Flag of truce</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a white flag carried
or exhibited by one of the hostile parties, during the flying of which
hostilities are suspended.</cd> -- <col><b>Truce of God</b></col>, <cd>a
suspension of arms promulgated by the church, which occasionally took place
in the Middle Ages, putting a stop to private hostilities at or within
certain periods.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Truce"break`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who violates
a truce, covenant, or engagement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Truce"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a truce;
unforbearing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two minds in one, and each a <i>truceless</i>
guest.</blockquote> <i>H. Brooke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truch"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>trucheman</i>.
See <u>Dragoman</u>.] <def>An interpreter. See <u>Dragoman</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And after, by the tongue,<BR>
Her <i>truchman</i>, she reports the mind's each throw.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tru`ci*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trucidatio</i>,
fr. <i>trucidare</i> to slaughter.] <def>The act of killing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Truck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trochus</i> an iron
hoop, Gr. &?; a wheel, fr. &?; to run. See <u>Trochee</u>, and cf.
<u>Truckle</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small
wheel, as of a vehicle; specifically <i>(Ord.)</i>, a small strong wheel,
as of wood or iron, for a gun carriage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A low, wheeled vehicle or barrow for carrying
goods, stone, and other heavy articles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Goods were conveyed about the town almost exclusively in
<i>trucks</i> drawn by dogs.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad Mach.)</i> <def>A swiveling carriage,
consisting of a frame with one or more pairs of wheels and the necessary
boxes, springs, etc., to carry and guide one end of a locomotive or a car;
-- sometimes called <i>bogie</i> in England. Trucks usually have four or
six wheels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
wooden cap at the summit of a flagstaff or a masthead, having holes in it
for reeving halyards through.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small piece
of wood, usually cylindrical or disk-shaped, used for various
purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A freight car.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A frame on low wheels or rollers; -- used for
various purposes, as for a movable support for heavy bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Truck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To transport on a truck or
trucks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Truck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Trucked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>trucking</u>.]
[OE. <i>trukken</i>,F. <i>troquer</i>; akin to Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>trocar</i>; of
uncertain origin.] <def>To exchange; to give in exchange; to barter; as, to
<i>truck</i> knives for gold dust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We will begin by supposing the international trade to be in
form, what it always is in reality, an actual <i>trucking</i> of one
commodity against another.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truck</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To exchange commodities; to
barter; to trade; to deal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A master of a ship, who deceived them under color of
<i>trucking</i> with them.</blockquote> <i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Despotism itself is obliged to <i>truck</i> and
huckster.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>truck</i> and higgle for a private good.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>troc</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exchange of commodities; barter.</def>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Commodities appropriate for barter, or for small
trade; small commodities; esp., in the United States, garden vegetables
raised for the market.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The practice of paying wages in goods instead of
money; -- called also <i>truck system</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Garden truck</b></col>, <cd>vegetables raised for market.
[Colloq.] [U. S.] -- <col><b>Truck farming</b></col>, raising vegetables
for market: market gardening.</cd> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Truck"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice of
bartering goods; exchange; barter; truck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>truckage</i> of perishing coin.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truck"age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Money paid for the
conveyance of goods on a truck; freight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Truck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who trucks; a
trafficker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man having ever yet driven a saving bargain with this
great <i>trucker</i> for souls.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truck"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of conveying
goods on trucks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Truc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>truck</i> a
wheel; or from the kindred L. <i>trochlea</i> a block, sheaf containing one
or more pulleys.  See <u>Truck</u> a wheel.] <def>A small wheel or
caster.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truc"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [From <i>truckle</i> in
<i>truckle-bed</i>, in allusion to the fact that the truckle-bed on which
the pupil slept was rolled under the large bed of the master.] <def>To
yield or bend obsequiously to the will of another; to submit; to
creep.</def> "Small, <i>trucking</i> states."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Religion itself is forced to <i>truckle</i> to worldly
poliey.</blockquote> <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truc"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Truckled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Truckling</u> (?).] <def>To roll or move upon truckles, or casters; to
trundle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Truc"kle-bed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low bed on
wheels, that may be pushed under another bed; a trundle-bed.</def> "His
standing bed and <i>truckle-bed</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truc"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who truckles, or
yields servilely to the will of another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Truck"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Truckmen</b></plw> (#). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [From <u>Truck</u>
barter.] <def>One who does business in the way of barter or
exchange.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [From <u>Truck</u> a carriage.] <def>One who drives a
truck, or whose business is the conveyance of goods on trucks.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tru"cu*lence</hw> (?), <hw>Tru"cu*len*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>truculentia</i>.] <def>The quality or state of
being truculent; savageness of manners; ferociousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tru"cu*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>truculentus</i>,
fr. <i>trux</i>, gen. <i>trucis</i>, wild, fierce: cf. F.
<i>truculent</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fierce; savage; ferocious;
barbarous; as, the <i>truculent</i> inhabitants of Scythia.</def>
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cruel; destructive; ruthless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More or less <i>truculent</i> plagues.</blockquote>
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tru"cu*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a truculent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trudge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trudged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trudging</u>.] [Perhaps of Scand. origin, and originally meaning, to
walk on snowshoes; cf. dial. Sw. <i>truga</i>, <i>trudja</i>, a snowshoe,
Norw. <i>truga</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;r&umacr;ga</i>.] <def>To walk or march
with labor; to jog along; to move wearily.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>trudged</i> to Rome upon my naked feet.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trudge"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A truchman.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>True</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Truer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Truest</u>.] [OE.
<i>trewe</i>, AS. <i>tre&oacute;we</i> faithful, true, from
<i>tre&oacute;w</i> fidelity, faith, troth; akin to OFries. <i>triuwe</i>,
adj., <i>treuwa</i>, n., OS. <i>triuwi</i>, adj., <i>trewa</i>, n., D.
<i>trouw</i>, adj. &amp; n., G. <i>treu</i>, adj., <i>treue</i>, n., OHG.
<i>gitriuwi</i>, adj., <i>triuwa</i>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, Icel.
<i>tryggr</i>, adj., Dan. <i>tro</i>, adj. &amp; n., Sw. <i>trogen</i>, adj.,
<i>tro</i>, n., Goth. <i>triggws</i>, adj., <i>triggwa</i>, n.,
<i>trauan</i> to trust, OPruss <i>druwis</i> faith.  Cf. <u>Trow</u>,
<u>Trust</u>, <u>Truth</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Conformable to fact; in accordance with the
actual state of things; correct; not false, erroneous, inaccurate, or the
like; as, a <i>true</i> relation or narration; a <i>true</i> history; a
declaration is <i>true</i> when it states the facts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Right to precision; conformable to a rule or
pattern; exact; accurate; as, a <i>true</i> copy; a <i>true</i> likeness of
the original.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Making his eye, foot, and hand keep <i>true</i>
time.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Steady in adhering to friends, to promises, to a
prince, or the like; unwavering; faithful; loyal; not false, fickle, or
perfidious; as, a <i>true</i> friend; a wife <i>true</i> to her husband; an
officer <i>true</i> to his charge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy so <i>true</i>,<BR>
So faithful, love unequaled.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dare to be <i>true</i>: nothing can need a lie.</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Actual; not counterfeit, adulterated, or
pretended; genuine; pure; real; as, <i>true</i> balsam; <i>true</i> love of
country; a <i>true</i> Christian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>true</i> light which lighteth every man that cometh
into the world.</blockquote> <i>John i. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>True</i> ease in writing comes from art, not
chance.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>True</i> is sometimes used elliptically for <i>It is
true</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Out of true</b></col>, <cd>varying from correct mechanical form,
alignment, adjustment, etc.; -- said of a wall that is not perpendicular,
of a wheel whose circumference is not in the same plane, and the like.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>A true bill</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a bill of
indictment which is returned by the grand jury so indorsed, signifying that
the charges to be true.</cd> -- <col><b>True time</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Time</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>True</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In accordance with truth;
truly.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>True"-blue`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of inflexible
honesty and fidelity; -- a term derived from the <i>true</i>, or
<i>Coventry</i>, <i>blue</i>, formerly celebrated for its unchanging color.
See <i>True blue</i>, under <u>Blue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>True"-blue`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person of inflexible
integrity or fidelity.</def></p>

<p><hw>True"-born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of genuine birth;
having a right by birth to any title; as, a <i>true-born</i>
Englishman.</def></p>

<p><hw>True"-bred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of a genuine or right breed; as, a <i>true-bred</i> beast.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being of real breeding or education; as, a
<i>true-bred</i> gentleman.</def></p>

<p><hw>True"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a faithful
heart; honest; sincere; not faithless or deceitful; as, a <i>truhearted</i>
friend.</def> -- <wf>True"-heart`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1546 !></p>

<p><hw>True"love`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One really beloved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant. See
<u>Paris</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An unexplained word occurring in Chaucer,
meaning, perhaps, an aromatic sweetmeat for sweetening the breath.</def>
<i>T. R. Lounsbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Under his tongue a <i>truelove</i> he bore.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Truelove knot</b></col>, <cd>a complicated, involved knot that
does not readily untie; the emblem of interwoven affection or engagement; -
- called also <i>true-lover's knot</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>True"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being true;
reality; genuineness; faithfulness; sincerity; exactness; truth.</def></p>

<p><hw>True"-pen`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An honest
fellow.</def>  <i>Shak. Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truf"fle</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>trufle</i>, F.
<i>truffe</i>; akin to Sp. <i>trufa</i>, <i>tartufo</i>; of uncertain
origin; perhaps from L. <i>tuber</i> a tumor, knob, truffle.  Cf.
<u>Tuber</u>, <u>Trifle</u>.] <def>Any one of several kinds of roundish,
subterranean fungi, usually of a blackish color. The French truffle
(<i>Tuber melanosporum</i>) and the English truffle (<i>T.
&aelig;stivum</i>) are much esteemed as articles of food.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Truffle worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of a
fly of the genus <i>Leiodes</i>, injurious to truffles.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Truf"fled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided or cooked
with truffles; stuffed with truffles; as, a <i>truffled</i>
turkey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trug</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Trough</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A trough, or tray.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A hod for mortar.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An old measure of wheat equal to two thirds of a bushel.</def>
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A concubine; a harlot.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Taylor
(1630).</i></p>

<p><hw>Trug"ging-house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Trug</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.] <def>A brothel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Robert
Greene.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tru"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>True</u>.] <def>An
undoubted or self-evident truth; a statement which is pliantly true; a
proposition needing no proof or argument; -- opposed to
<i>falsism</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trifling <i>truisms</i> clothed in great, swelling
words.</blockquote> <i>J. P. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tru`is*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to truisms; consisting of truisms.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Trull</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>trolle</i>,
<i>trulle</i>; cf. OD. <i>drol</i> a jester, Dan. <i>trold</i> an elf, imp,
Sw. <i>troll</i> a goblin, Icel. <i>troll</i>, <i>tr&ouml;ll</i>, a giant,
fiend, demon.  Cf. <u>Droll</u>, <u>Troll</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
drab; a strumpet; a harlot; a trollop.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A girl; a wench; a lass.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trul`li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>trullissatio</i>, from <i>trullissare</i> to trowel, to plaster, fr.
<i>trulla</i> a trowel.] <def>The act of laying on coats of plaster with a
trowel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tru"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>True</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a true manner; according to truth; in agreement
with fact; as, to state things <i>truly</i>; the facts are <i>truly</i>
represented.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not <i>truly</i> say how I came here.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exactly; justly; precisely; accurately; as, to
estimate <i>truly</i> the weight of evidence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sincerely; honestly; really; faithfully; as, to
be <i>truly</i> attached to a lover; the citizens are <i>truly</i> loyal to
their prince or their country.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Conformably to law; legally;
legitimately.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His innocent babe [is] <i>truly</i> begotten.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>In fact; in deed; in reality; in
truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beauty is excelled by manly grace<BR>
And wisdom, which alone is <i>truly</i> fair.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trumpe</i>,
<i>trompe</i>, F. <i>trompe</i>; probably fr. L. <i>triumphare</i> to
triumph, to exult, hence, probably, to make a joyous sound or noise. See
<u>Triumph</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Trombone</u>, <u>Tromp</u>, <u>Trump</u> at cards, <u>Trumpery</u>,
<u>Trumpet</u>, <u>Trunk</u> a proboscis.] <def>A wind instrument of music;
a trumpet, or sound of a trumpet; -- used chiefly in Scripture and
poetry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an
eye, at the last <i>trump</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xv. 51, 52.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wakeful <i>trump</i> of doom.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>tromper</i>. See
<u>Trump</u> a trumpet.] <def>To blow a trumpet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif
(Matt. vi. 2).</i></p>

<p><hw>Trump</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of <i>triumph</i>, F.
<i>triomphe</i>. See <u>Triumph</u>, and cf. <u>Trump</u> a trumpet.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A winning card; one of a particular suit (usually
determined by chance for each deal) any card of which takes any card of the
other suits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old game with cards, nearly the same as
whist; -- called also <i>ruff</i>.</def>  <i>Decker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A good fellow; an excellent person.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>Alfred is a <i>trump</i>, I think you say.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To put to one's trumps</b></col>, or <col><b>To put on one's
trumps</b></col>, <cd>to force to the last expedient, or to the utmost
exertion.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>But when kings come so low as to fawn upon philosophy, which
before they neither valued nor understood, it is a sign that fails not,
they are then <i>put to their</i> last <i>trump</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Put</i> the housekeeper <i>to her trumps</i> to
accommodate them.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Trumped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Trumping</u>.]
<def>To play a trump card when one of another suit has been led.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trump</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To play a trump card upon;
to take with a trump card; as, she <i>trumped</i> the first
trick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trump</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>tromper</i> to deceive,
in OF., to blow a trumpet, <i>se tromper de</i> to mock. See <u>Trump</u> a
trumpet.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To trick, or impose on; to deceive.</def>
[Obs.] "To trick or <i>trump</i> mankind."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impose unfairly; to palm off.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Authors have been <i>trumped</i> upon us.</blockquote> <i>C.
Leslie.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To trump up</b></col>, <cd>to devise; to collect with
unfairness; to fabricate; as, <i>to trump up</i> a charge.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trump"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tromperie</i>
deceit, fr. <i>tromper</i> to deceive. See <u>Trump</u> to trick.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deceit; fraud.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Grenewey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something serving to deceive by false show or
pretense; falsehood; deceit; worthless but showy matter; hence, things worn
out and of no value; rubbish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>trumpery</i> in my house, go bring it hither,<BR>
for state to catch these thieves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon the coming of Christ, very much, though not all, of
this idolatrous <i>trumpery</i> and superstition was driven out of the
world.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trump"er*y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthless or deceptive in
character.</def> "A <i>trumpery</i> little ring."  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trump"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>trompette</i>, dim.
of <i>trompe</i>. See <u>Trump</u> a trumpet.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A wind instrument of great antiquity, much used in war
and military exercises, and of great value in the orchestra. In consists of
a long metallic tube, curved (once or twice) into a convenient shape, and
ending in a bell. Its scale in the lower octaves is limited to the first
natural harmonics; but there are modern trumpets capable, by means of
valves or pistons, of producing every tone within their compass, although
at the expense of the true ringing quality of tone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>trumpet's</i> loud clangor<BR>
Excites us to arms.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A trumpeter.</def>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who praises, or propagates praise, or is the
instrument of propagating it.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That great politician was pleased to have the greatest wit
of those times . . . to be the <i>trumpet</i> of his praises.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach)</i> <def>A funnel, or short, fiaring pipe,
used as a guide or conductor, as for yarn in a knitting machine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ear trumpet</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ear</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Sea trumpet</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a great seaweed
(<i>Ecklonia buccinalis</i>) of the Southern Ocean. It has a long, hollow
stem, enlarging upwards, which may be made into a kind of trumpet, and is
used for many purposes.</cd> -- <col><b>Speaking trumpet</b></col>, <cd>an
instrument for conveying articulate sounds with increased force.</cd> --
<col><b>Trumpet animalcule</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
infusorian belonging to Stentor and allied genera, in which the body is
trumpet-shaped. See <u>Stentor</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Trumpet ash</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the trumpet creeper.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Trumpet
conch</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a trumpet shell, or triton.</cd> -
- <col><b>Trumpet creeper</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American climbing
plant (<i>Tecoma radicans</i>) bearing clusters of large red trumpet-shaped
flowers; -- called also <i>trumpet flower</i>, and in England <i>trumpet
ash</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Trumpet fish</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The bellows fish.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
fistularia.</cd> -- <col><b>Trumpet flower</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The trumpet creeper; also, its blossom.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The trumpet honeysuckle.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>A West Indian name for several plants with trumpet-shaped flowers.</cd>
-- <col><b>Trumpet fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a botfly.</cd> --
<col><b>Trumpet honeysuckle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a twining plant
(<i>Lonicera sempervirens</i>) with red and yellow trumpet-shaped flowers;
-- called also <i>trumpet flower</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Trumpet
leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of several plants of the genus
<i>Sarracenia</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Trumpet major</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>the chief trumpeter of a band or regiment.</cd> -- <col><b>Trumpet
marine</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a monochord, having a thick string,
sounded with a bow, and stopped with the thumb so as to produce the
harmonic tones; -- said to be the oldest bowed instrument known, and in
form the archetype of all others. It probably owes its name to "its
external resemblance to the large speaking trumpet used on board Italian
vessels, which is of the same length and tapering shape."</cd>
<i>Grove.</i> -- <col><b>Trumpet shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any species of large marine univalve shells belonging to Triton and
allied genera. See <u>Triton</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Trumpet
tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Trumpetwood</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trump"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trumpeted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trumpeting</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>trompeter</i>.] <def>To publish by, or as
by, sound of trumpet; to noise abroad; to proclaim; as, to <i>trumpet</i>
good tidings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They did nothing but publish and <i>trumpet</i> all the
reproaches they could devise against the Irish.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trump"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sound loudly, or with
a tone like a trumpet; to utter a trumplike cry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trump"et*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who sounds a trumpet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who proclaims, publishes, or
denounces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These men are good <i>trumpeters</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one
of several species of long-legged South American birds of the genus
<i>Psophia</i>, especially <i>P. crepitans</i>, which is abundant, and
often domesticated and kept with other poultry by the natives. They are
allied to the cranes. So called from their loud cry.  Called also
<i>agami</i>, and <i>yakamik</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A variety
of the domestic pigeon.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An American swan
(<i>Olor buccinator</i>) which has a very loud note.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large edible fish
(<i>Latris hecateia</i>) of the family <i>Cirrhitid&aelig;</i>, native of
Tasmania and New Zealand. It sometimes weighs as much as fifty or sixty
pounds, and is highly esteemed as a food fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trump"et*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
channel cut behind the brick lining of a shaft.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trump"ets</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant (<i>Sarracenia flava</i>) with long, hollow leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trump"et-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tubular with
one end dilated, as the flower of the trumpet creeper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trump"et-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
powerful, far-reaching voice or speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trump"et*weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An herbaceous composite plant (<i>Eupatorium
purpureum</i>), often having hollow stems, and bearing purplish flowers in
small corymbed heads.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sea
trumpet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trump"et*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
tropical American tree (<i>Cecropia peltata</i>) of the Breadfruit family,
having hollow stems, which are used for wind instruments; -- called also
<i>snakewood</i>, and <i>trumpet tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trum"pie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Richardson's skua (<i>Stercorarius parasiticus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Trump"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
trumpet, esp. in sound; as, a <i>trumplike</i> voice.</def>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trun"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
trunk, or body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trun"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Truncated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Truncating</u>.] [L. <i>truncatus</i>, p. p. of <i>truncare</i> to cut
off, mutilate, fr. <i>truncus</i> maimed, mutilated, cut short. See
<u>Trunk</u>.] <def>To cut off; to lop; to maim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trun"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>truncatus</i>, p. p.
] <def>Appearing as if cut off at the tip; as, a <i>truncate</i> leaf or
feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trun"ca*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cut off; cut short; maimed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Replaced, or cut off, by a plane,
especially when equally inclined to the adjoining faces; as, a
<i>truncated</i> edge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Lacking the apex; -- said of
certain spiral shells in which the apex naturally drops off.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Truncated cone</b></col> or <col><b>pyramid</b></col>
<i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a cone or pyramid whose vertex is cut off by a plane,
the plane being usually parallel to the base.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trun*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>truncatio</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of truncating, lopping, or cutting
off.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being truncated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The replacement of an edge or
solid angle by a plane, especially when the plane is equally inclined to
the adjoining faces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trunch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Truncheon</u>.] <def>A
stake; a small post.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trun"cheon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tronchoun</i> the
shaft of a broken spear, broken piece, OF. <i>tronchon</i>,
<i>tron&?;on</i>, F. <i>tron&?;on</i>, fr. OF. &amp; F. <i>tronce</i>,
<i>tronche</i>, a piece of wood; cf. OF. <i>trons</i>, <i>tros</i>,
<i>trois</i>; all perhaps from L. <i>thyrsus</i> a stalk, stem, staff. See
<u>Thyrsus</u>, and cf. <u>Trounce</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A short
staff, a club; a cudgel; a shaft of a spear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With his <i>truncheon</i> he so rudely struck.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A baton, or military staff of command.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The marshal's <i>truncheon</i> nor the judges
robe.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A stout stem, as of a tree, with the branches
lopped off, to produce rapid growth.</def>  <i>Gardner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trun"cheon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To beat with a
truncheon.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trun"cheoned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
truncheon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trun`cheon*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person armed
with a truncheon.</def> [Written also <i>truncheoner</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Trun"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The thorax of an insect. See <u>Trunk</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trun"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>tryndel</i> a little
shield. See <u>Trend</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A round body; a little wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lind of low-wheeled cart; a truck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A motion as of something moving upon little
wheels or rollers; a rolling motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A lantern
wheel. See under <u>Lantern</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the
bars of a lantern wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trun"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trundled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trundling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To roll (a thing) on little
wheels; as, to <i>trundle</i> a bed or a gun carriage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to roll or revolve; to roll along; as,
to <i>trundle</i> a hoop or a ball.</def>  <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trun"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go
or move on small wheels; as, a bed <i>trundles</i> under another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To roll, or go by revolving, as a
hoop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trun"dle-bed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low bed that is
moved on trundles, or little wheels, so that it can be pushed under a
higher bed; a truckle-bed; also, sometimes, a simiral bed without
wheels.</def>  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trun"dle*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Gearing)</i> <def>One of the disks forming the ends of a lantern wheel
or pinion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The drumhead of a capstan; especially, the
drumhead of the lower of two capstans on the sane axis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trun"dle*tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A round or
curled-up tail; also, a dog with such a tail.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trunk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tronc</i>, L.
<i>truncus</i>, fr. <i>truncus</i> maimed, mutilated; perhaps akin to
<i>torquere</i> to twist wrench, and E. <i>torture</i>. <i>Trunk</i> in the
sense of proboscis is fr. F. <i>trompe</i> (the same word as <i>trompe</i>
a trumpet), but has been confused in English with <i>trunk</i> the stem of
a tree (see <u>Trump</u> a trumpet).  Cf. <u>Truncate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The stem, or body, of a tree, apart from its limbs
and roots; the main stem, without the branches; stock; stalk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>About the mossy <i>trunk</i> I wound me soon,<BR>
For, high from ground, the branches would require<BR>
Thy utmost reach.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The body of an animal, apart from the head and
limbs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The main body of anything; as, the <i>trunk</i>
of a vein or of an artery, as distinct from the branches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch)</i> <def>That part of a pilaster which is
between the base and the capital, corresponding to the shaft of a
column.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>That segment of the body of
an insect which is between the head and abdomen, and bears the wings and
legs; the thorax; the truncus.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1547 !></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
proboscis of an elephant.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The proboscis of
an insect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A long tube through which pellets of clay,
p&?;as, etc., are driven by the force of the breath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shot sugarplums them out of a <i>trunk</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A box or chest usually covered with leather,
metal, or cloth, or sometimes made of leather, hide, or metal, for
containing clothes or other goods; especially, one used to convey the
effects of a traveler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Locked up in chests and <i>trunks</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A flume or sluice in which ores
are separated from the slimes in which they are contained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>A large pipe forming the
piston rod of a steam engine, of sufficient diameter to allow one end of
the connecting rod to be attached to the crank, and the other end to pass
within the pipe directly to the piston, thus making the engine more
compact.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A long, large box, pipe, or conductor, made of
plank or metal plates, for various uses, as for conveying air to a mine or
to a furnace, water to a mill, grain to an elevator, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trunk engine</b></col>, <cd>a marine engine, the piston rod of
which is a trunk. See <u>Trunk</u>, 10.</cd> -- <col><b>Trunk
hose</b></col>, <cd>large breeches formerly worn, reaching to the
knees.</cd> -- <col><b>Trunk line</b></col>, <cd>the main line of a
railway, canal, or route of conveyance.</cd> -- <col><b>Trunk
turtle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the leatherback.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trunk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tronquer</i>. See
<u>Truncate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lop off; to curtail; to
truncate; to maim.</def> [Obs.] "Out of the <i>trunked</i> stock."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To extract (ores) from the
slimes in which they are contained, by means of a trunk. See <u>Trunk</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trunk"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The leatherback.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trunked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having (such) a
trunk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thickset with strong and well-<i>trunked</i>
trees.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trunk"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of plectognath fishes, belonging to the
genus <i>Ostracion</i>, or the family <i>Ostraciontid&aelig;</i>, having an
angular body covered with a rigid integument consisting of bony scales.
Some of the species are called also <i>coffer fish</i>, and
<i>boxfish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trunk"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Trunkfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a trunk will hold;
enough to fill a trunk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trunk"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work or devices
suitable to be concealed; a secret stratagem.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trun"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trundle.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Trun"nel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>See
<u>Treenail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trun"nion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>trognon</i> the
stock, stump, or truck of a tree, F. <i>trognon</i> a core, stalk, fr.
<i>tron</i> a trunk, stem.  Cf. <u>Trunk</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A cylindrical projection on each side of a piece,
whether gun, mortar, or howitzer, serving to support it on the cheeks of
the carriage. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Cannon</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>A gudgeon on each side of
an oscillating steam cylinder, to support it. It is usually tubular, to
convey steam.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trunnion plate</b></col> <i>(Gun.)</i>, <cd>a plate in the
carriage of a gun, mortar, or howitzer, which covers the upper part of the
cheek, and forms a bearing under the trunnion.</cd> -- <col><b>Trunnion
ring</b></col> <i>(Gun.)</i>, <cd>a ring on a cannon next before the
trunnions.</cd> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Trun"nioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provided with
trunnions; as, the <i>trunnioned</i> cylinder of an oscillating steam
engine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tru"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trudere</i>,
<i>trusum</i>, to thrust, shove: cf. F. <i>trusion</i>.] <def>The act of
pushing or thrusting.</def> [R.]  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trusse</i>, F.
<i>trousse</i>, OF. also <i>tourse</i>; perhaps fr. L. <i>tryrsus</i>
stalk, stem.  Cf. <u>Thyrsus</u>, <u>Torso</u>, <u>Trousers</u>,
<u>Trousseau</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bundle; a package; as, a
<i>truss</i> of grass.</def>  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bearing a <i>truss</i> of trifles at his back.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>truss</i> of hay in England is 56 lbs. of old and 60 lbs. of
new hay; a <i>truss</i> of straw is 36 lbs.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A padded jacket or dress worn under armor, to
protect the body from the effects of friction; also, a part of a woman's
dress; a stomacher.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Puts off his palmer's weed unto his <i>truss</i>, which
bore<BR>
The stains of ancient arms.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A bandage or apparatus used in
cases of hernia, to keep up the reduced parts and hinder further
protrusion, and for other purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tuft of flowers formed at the
top of the main stalk, or stem, of certain plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The rope or iron used to keep the
center of a yard to the mast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Arch. &amp; Engin.)</i> <def>An assemblage of members
of wood or metal, supported at two points, and arranged to transmit
pressure vertically to those points, with the least possible strain across
the length of any member. Architectural trusses when left visible, as in
open timber roofs, often contain members not needed for construction, or
are built with greater massiveness than is requisite, or are composed in
unscientific ways in accordance with the exigencies of style.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Truss rod</b></col>, <cd>a rod which forms the tension member of
a trussed beam, or a tie rod in a truss.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Truss</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Trussed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Trussing</u>.] [F.
<i>trousser</i>. See <u>Truss</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bind or pack close; to make into a truss.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It [his hood] was <i>trussed</i> up in his
wallet.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take fast hold of; to seize and hold firmly;
to pounce upon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>trussing</i> me as eagle doth his prey.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To strengthen or stiffen, as a beam or girder,
by means of a brace or braces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To skewer; to make fast, as the wings of a fowl
to the body in cooking it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To execute by hanging; to hang; -- usually with
<i>up</i>.</def> [Slang.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To truss a person</b></col> or <col><b>one's self</b></col>,
<cd>to adjust and fasten the clothing of; especially, to draw tight and tie
the laces of garments.</cd> [Obs.] "Enter Honeysuckle, in his nightcap,
<i>trussing</i> himself." <i>J. Webster (1607).</i> -- <col><b>To truss
up</b></col>, <cd>to strain; to make close or tight.</cd> --
<col><b>Trussed beam</b></col>, <cd>a beam which is stiffened by a system
of braces constituting a truss of which the beam is a chord.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Truss"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch. &amp; Engin.)</i> <def>The timbers, etc., which form a truss, taken
collectively.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch. &amp; Engin.)</i> <def>The art of stiffening or
bracing a set of timbers, or the like, by putting in struts, ties, etc.,
till it has something of the character of a truss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of a hawk, or other bird of prey, in
seizing its quarry, and soaring with it into air.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Trust</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trust</i>,
<i>trost</i>, Icel. <i>traust</i> confidence, security; akin to Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>tr&ouml;st</i> comfort, consolation, G. <i>trost</i>, Goth.
<i>trausti</i> a convention, covenant, and E. <i>true</i>. See <u>True</u>,
and cf. <u>Tryst</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Assured resting of the mind
on the integrity, veracity, justice, friendship, or other sound principle,
of another person; confidence; reliance; reliance.</def> "O ever-failing
<i>trust</i> in mortal strength!"  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Most take things upon <i>trust</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Credit given; especially, delivery of property
or merchandise in reliance upon future payment; exchange without immediate
receipt of an equivalent; as, to sell or buy goods on
<i>trust</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Assured anticipation; dependence upon something
future or contingent, as if present or actual; hope; belief.</def> "Such
<i>trust</i> have we through Christ." <i>2 Cor. iii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>trust</i> was with the Eternal to be deemed<BR>
Equal in strength.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is committed or intrusted to one;
something received in confidence; charge; deposit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The condition or obligation of one to whom
anything is confided; responsible charge or office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I] serve him truly that will put me in
<i>trust</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Reward them well, if they observe their
<i>trust</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That upon which confidence is reposed; ground of
reliance; hope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Lord God, thou art my <i>trust</i> from my
youth.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxi. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An estate devised or granted in
confidence that the devisee or grantee shall convey it, or dispose of the
profits, at the will, or for the benefit, of another; an estate held for
the use of another; a confidence respecting property reposed in one person,
who is termed the <i>trustee</i>, for the benefit of another, who is called
the <i>cestui que trust</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>An organization formed mainly for the purpose of
regulating the supply and price of commodities, etc.; as, a sugar
<i>trust</i>.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Confidence; belief; faith; hope; expectation.</p>

<p><col><b>Trust deed</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a deed conveying property
to a trustee, for some specific use.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trust</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Held in trust; as,
<i>trust</i> property; <i>trust</i>money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trust</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Trusted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Trusting</u>.] [OE.
<i>trusten</i>, <i>trosten</i>. See <u>Trust</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To place confidence in; to rely on, to confide, or
repose faith, in; as, we can not <i>trust</i> those who have deceived
us.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will never <i>trust</i> his word after.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that <i>trusts</i> every one without reserve will at last
be deceived.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give credence to; to believe; to
credit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Trust</i> me, you look well.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hope confidently; to believe; -- usually with
a phrase or infinitive clause as the object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>trust</i> to come unto you, and speak face to
face.</blockquote> <i>2 John 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>trust</i>we have a good conscience.</blockquote>
<i>Heb. xiii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>to show confidence in a person by intrusting
(him) with something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom, with your power and fortune, sir, you
<i>trust</i>,<BR>
Now to suspect is vain.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To commit, as to one's care; to
intrust.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Merchants were not willing to <i>trust</i> precious cargoes
to any custody but that of a man-of-war.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To give credit to; to sell to upon credit, or in
confidence of future payment; as, merchants and manufacturers <i>trust</i>
their customers annually with goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To risk; to venture confidently.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Beguiled] by thee<BR>
to <i>trust</i> thee from my side.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trust</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have
trust; to be credulous; to be won to confidence; to confide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>More to know could not be more to <i>trust</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be confident, as of something future; to
hope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>trust</i> and not be afraid.</blockquote> <i>Isa.
xii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sell or deliver anything in reliance upon a
promise of payment; to give credit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is happier sometimes to be cheated than not to
<i>trust</i>.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To trust in</b></col>, <col><b>To trust on</b></col>, <cd>to
place confidence in,; to rely on; to depend.</cd> "<i>Trust in</i> the
Lord, and do good." <i>Ps. xxxvii. 3.</i> "A priest . . . <i>on</i> whom we
<i>trust</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her widening streets <i>on</i> new foundations
<i>trust</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>To trust</b></col> <col><b>to or unto</b></col>, <cd>to
depend on; to have confidence in; to rely on.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>trusted unto</i> the liers in wait.</blockquote>
<i>Judges xx. 36.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Trus*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person
to whom property is legally committed in trust, to be applied either for
the benefit of specified individuals, or for public uses; one who is
intrusted with property for the benefit of another; also, a person in whose
hands the effects of another are attached in a trustee process.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trustee process</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a process by which a
creditor may attach his debtor's goods, effects, and credits, in the hands
of a third person; -- called, in some States, the <i>process of foreign
attachment</i>, <i>garnishment</i>, or <i>factorizing process</i>.</cd> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Trus*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To commit (property) to the care of a trustee; as, to <i>trustee</i>
an estate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To attach (a debtor's wages,
credits, or property in the hands of a third person) in the interest of the
creditor.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Trus*tee"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or duty of
a trustee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trust"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who trusts, or credits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>One who makes a trust; -- the
correlative of <i>trustee</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trust"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of trust; trusting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worthy of trust; faithful; trusty;
trustworthy.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Trust"ful*ly</wf>,<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Trust"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trust"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a trusty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trust"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being trusty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trust"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or exercising
trust; confiding; unsuspecting; trustful.</def> -- <wf>Trust"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trust"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may not be trusted;
not worthy of trust; unfaithful.</def> -- <wf>Trust"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trust"wor`thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy of trust or
confidence; trusty.</def> -- <wf>Trust"wor`thi*ness</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Trust"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Trustier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Trustiest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Admitting of being safely trusted; justly deserving
confidence; fit to be confided in; trustworthy; reliable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>trusty</i> and most valiant servitor.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, not liable to fail; strong;
firm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>trusty</i> sword he called to his aid.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Involving trust; as, a <i>trusty</i>
business.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Truths</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>treuthe</i>, <i>trouthe</i>,
<i>treowpe</i>, AS. <i>tre&oacute;w&?;</i>. See <u>True</u>; cf.
<u>Troth</u>, <u>Betroth</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or being
true; as: -- <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Conformity to fact or reality; exact
accordance with that which is, or has been; or shall be.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Conformity to rule; exactness; close
correspondence with an example, mood, object of imitation, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plows, to go true, depend much on the <i>truth</i> of the
ironwork.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Fidelity; constancy; steadfastness;
faithfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alas! they had been friends in youth,<BR>
But whispering tongues can poison <i>truth</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The practice of speaking what is true; freedom
from falsehood; veracity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If this will not suffice, it must appear<BR>
That malice bears down <i>truth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is true or certain concerning any
matter or subject, or generally on all subjects; real state of things;
fact; verity; reality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Speak ye every man the <i>truth</i> to his
neighbor.</blockquote> <i>Zech. viii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I long to know the <i>truth</i> here of at
large.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>truth</i> depends on, or is only arrived at by, a
legitimate deduction from all the facts which are truly
material.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A true thing; a verified fact; a true statement
or proposition; an established principle, fixed law, or the like; as, the
great <i>truths</i> of morals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even so our boasting . . . is found a
<i>truth</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. vii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Righteousness; true religion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grace and <i>truth</i> came by Jesus Christ.</blockquote>
<i>John i. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sanctify them through thy <i>truth</i>; thy word is
<i>truth</i>.</blockquote> <i>John xvii. 17.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In truth</b></col>, <cd>in reality; in fact.</cd> -- <col><b>Of
a truth</b></col>, <cd>in reality; certainly.</cd> -- <col><b>To do
truth</b></col>, <cd>to practice what God commands.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He that <i>doeth truth</i> cometh to the light.</blockquote>
<i>John iii. 21.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truth</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To assert as true; to
declare.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Had they [the ancients] dreamt this, they would have
<i>truthed</i> it heaven.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of truth;
veracious; reliable.</def> -- <wf>Truth"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Truth"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Truth"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Devoid of truth;
dishonest; dishonest; spurious; faithless.</def> --
<wf>Truth"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Truth"-lov`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who loves the
truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Truth-lover</i> was our English Duke.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truth"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Truth.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truth"-tell`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tells the
truth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Truth-teller</i> was our England's Alfred
named.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Truth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Truthful; likely;
probable.</def> [R.] "A more <i>truthy</i> import."  <i>W. G.
Palgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tru`ti*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>trutinari</i>
to weigh, from <i>trutina</i> a balance. See <u>Trone</u> a steelyard.]
<def>The act of weighing.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trut*ta"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>trutta</i> a
trout, L. <i>tructa</i>. See <u>Trout</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, a trout; as, fish of the <i>truttaceous</i>
kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Try</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>tried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trying</u>.] [OE. <i>trien</i> to select, pick out, F. <i>trier</i> to
cull, to out, LL. <i>tritare</i> to triturate (hence the sense of, to
thresh, to separate the grain from the straw, to select), L. <i>terere</i>,
<i>tritum</i>, to rub, bruise, grind, thresh. See <u>Trite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divide or separate, as one sort from another; to
winnow; to sift; to pick out; -- frequently followed by <i>out</i>; as, to
<i>try</i> out the wild corn from the good.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Elyot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To purify or refine, as metals; to melt out, and
procure in a pure state, as oil, tallow, lard, etc.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The words of the Lord are pure words: as silver <i>tried</i>
in a furnace of earth, purified seven times.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xii.
6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For thou, O God, hast proved us: thou hast <i>tried</i> us,
as silver is <i>tried</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxvi. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To prove by experiment; to apply a test to, for
the purpose of determining the quality; to examine; to prove; to test; as,
to <i>try</i> weights or measures by a standard; to <i>try</i> a man's
opinions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the end <i>try</i> the man.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To subject to severe trial; to put to the test;
to cause suffering or trouble to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus far to <i>try</i> thee, Adam, I was
pleased.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1548 !></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To experiment with; to test by use; as, to
<i>try</i> a remedy for disease; to <i>try</i> a horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, <i>try</i> upon yourselves what you have seen
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To ease her cares the force of sleep she
<i>tries</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To strain; to subject to excessive tests; as,
the light <i>tries</i> his eyes; repeated disappointments <i>try</i> one's
patience.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To examine or investigate
judicially; to examine by witnesses or other judicial evidence and the
principles of law; as, to <i>try</i> a cause, or a criminal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To settle; to decide; to determine;
specifically, to decide by an appeal to arms; as, to <i>try</i> rival
claims by a duel; to <i>try</i> conclusions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Left I the court, to see this quarrel
<i>tried</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To experience; to have or gain knowledge of by
experience.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Or <i>try</i> the Libyan heat or Scythian cold.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To essay; to attempt; to endeavor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us <i>try</i> . . . to found a path.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To try on</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To put on, as a
garment, to ascertain whether it fits the person.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To attempt; to undertake.</cd> [Slang] <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To attempt; endeavor; strive; aim; examine.  --
<u>Try</u>, <u>Attempt</u>. To <i>try</i> is the generic, to <i>attempt</i>
is the specific, term. When we <i>try</i>, we are usually uncertain as to
success; when we <i>attempt</i>, we have always some definite object in
view which we seek to accomplish. We may be indifferent as to the result of
a <i>trial</i>, but we rarely <i>attempt</i> anything without a desire to
succeed.</p>

<p><blockquote>He first deceased: she for a little <i>tried</i><BR>
To live without him; liked it not, and died.</blockquote> <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Alack, I am afraid they have a waked,<BR>
And 't is not done. The <i>attempt</i>, and not the deed,<BR>
Confounds us.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Try</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
exert strength; to endeavor; to make an effort or an attempt; as, you must
<i>try</i> hard if you wish to learn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do; to fare; as, how do you <i>try</i>!</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Try</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A screen, or
sieve, for grain.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Act of trying; attempt; experiment;
trial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This breaking of his has been but a <i>try</i> for his
friends.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Try cock</b></col>, <cd>a gauge cock. See under
<u>Gauge</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Try</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Try</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Refined; select; excellent; choice.</def> [Obs.] "Sugar
that is <i>try</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Try"gon</hw> (tr&imacr;"g&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a
sting ray, from Gr.&?; a kind of fish with a prickle in the tail.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of large sting rays
belonging to <i>Trygon</i> and allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Try"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted to try, or put to
severe trial; severe; afflictive; as, a <i>trying</i> occasion or
position.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tryp"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cr. &?; a rubbing, fr. &?;
to rub, grind. So called because it causes proteid matter to break up or to
fall apart.] <i>(physiol.)</i> <def>A proteolytic ferment, or enzyme,
present in the pancreatic juice. Unlike the pepsin of the gastric juice, it
acts in a neutral or alkaline fluid, and not only converts the albuminous
matter of the food into soluble peptones, but also, in part, into leucin
and tyrosin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tryp*sin"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Trypsin</i> + <i>-
gen</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The antecedent of trypsin, a substance
which is contained in the cells of the pancreas and gives rise to the
trypsin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tryp"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Relating to trypsin or to its action; produced by trypsin; as,
<i>trypsin</i> digestion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tryp"tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>The peptone formed by pancreatic digestion; -- so called because it is
formed through the agency of the ferment <i>trypsin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Try"sail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A fore-
and-aft sail, bent to a gaff, and hoisted on a lower mast or on a small
mast, called the <i>trysail mast</i>, close abaft a lower mast; -- used
chiefly as a storm sail. Called also <i>spencer</i>.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Try"-square`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument used
by carpenters, joiners, etc., for laying off right angles off right angles,
and testing whether work is square.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tryst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>trist</i>,
<i>tryst</i>, a variant of <i>trust</i>; cf. Icel. <i>treysta</i> to make
trusty, fr. <i>traust</i> confidence, security. See <u>Trust</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Trust.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An appointment to meet; also, an appointed place
or time of meeting; as, to keep <i>tryst</i>; to break <i>tryst</i>.</def>
[Scot. or Poetic]</p>

<p><col><b>To bide tryst</b></col>, <cd>to wait, at the appointed time, for
one with whom a tryst or engagement is made; to keep an engagement or
appointment.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The tenderest-hearted maid<BR>
That ever <i>bided tryst</i> at village stile.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tryst</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tristen</i>,
<i>trysten</i>. See <u>Tryst</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To trust.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To agree with to meet at a certain place; to
make an appointment with.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tryst</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To mutually agree to meet
at a certain place.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Tryst"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes an
appointment, or tryst; one who meets with another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tryst"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An appointment; a
tryst.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Trysting day</b></col>, <cd>an arranged day of meeting or
assembling, as of soldiers, friends, and the like.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And named a <i>trysting day</i>,<BR>
And bade his messengers ride forth<BR>
East and west and south and north,<BR>
To summon his array.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Trysting place</b></col>, <cd>a place designated for the
assembling of soldiers, the meeting of parties for an interview, or the
like; a rendezvous.</cd> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tsar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The title of the emperor of
Russia. See <u>Czar</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tsa*ri"na</hw> (?), <hw>Tsa*rit"sa</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>tsaritsa</i>.  Cf. <u>Czarina</u>.] <def>The
title of the empress of Russia. See <u>Czarina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tschak*meck"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The chameck.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tsche"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From a native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A West African anthropoid ape allied to the
gorilla and chimpanzee, and by some considered only a variety of the
chimpanzee. It is noted for building large, umbrella-shaped nests in trees.
Called also <i>tscheigo</i>, <i>tschiego</i>, <i>nschego</i>,
<i>nscheigo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tse"be</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
springbok.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tset"se</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
venomous two-winged African fly (<i>Glossina morsitans</i>) whose bite is
very poisonous, and even fatal, to horses and cattle, but harmless to men.
It renders extensive districts in which it abounds uninhabitable during
certain seasons of the year.</def> [Written also <i>tzetze</i>, and
<i>tsetze</i>.]
</p>

<p><hw>T" square`</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>T</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu`a*te"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Hatteria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tubbe</i>; of Dutch or
Low German origin; cf. LG. <i>tubbe</i>, D. <i>tobbe</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An open wooden vessel formed with staves, bottom,
and hoops; a kind of short cask, half barrel, or firkin, usually with but
one head, -- used for various purposes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The amount which a tub contains, as a measure of
quantity; as, a <i>tub</i> of butter; a <i>tub</i> of camphor, which is
about 1 cwt., etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any structure shaped like a tub: as, a certain
old form of pulpit; a short, broad boat, etc., -- often used jocosely or
opprobriously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All being took up and busied, some in pulpits and some in
<i>tubs</i>, in the grand work of preaching and holding forth.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sweating in a tub; a tub fast.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A small cask; as, a <i>tub</i> of gin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A box or bucket in which coal or ore is sent up
a shaft; -- so called by miners.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tub fast</b></col>, <cd>an old mode of treatment for the
venereal disease, by sweating in a close place, or tub, and fasting.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Tub wheel</b></col>, <cd>a horizontal water
wheel, usually in the form of a short cylinder, to the circumference of
which spiral vanes or floats, placed radially, are attached, turned by the
impact of one or more streams of water, conducted so as to strike against
the floats in the direction of a tangent to the cylinder.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tub</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tubbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tubbing</u>.]
<def>To plant or set in a tub; as, to <i>tub</i> a plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tub</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make use of a bathing tub;
to lie or be in a bath; to bathe.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Don't we all <i>tub</i> in England ?</blockquote> <i>London
Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., trumpet.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An ancient trumpet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A sax-tuba. See <u>Sax-tuba</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tub"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
tube; specifically, of or pertaining to one of the Fallopian tubes; as,
<i>tubal</i> pregnancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tub"bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
forming of a tub; also, collectively, materials for tubs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lining of timber or metal around the shaft of
a mine; especially, a series of cast-iron cylinders bolted together, used
to enable those who sink a shaft to penetrate quicksand, water, etc., with
safety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tub"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a tub;
specifically sounding dull and without resonance, like a tub; wanting
elasticity or freedom of sound; as, a <i>tubby</i> violin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tube</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tubus</i>; akin to
<i>tuba</i> a trumpet: cf F. <i>tube</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hollow
cylinder, of any material, used for the conveyance of fluids, and for
various other purposes; a pipe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A telescope.</def> "Glazed optic <i>tube</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vessel in animal bodies or plants, which
conveys a fluid or other substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The narrow, hollow part of a
gamopetalous corolla.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A priming tube, or friction
primer. See under <u>Priming</u>, and <u>Friction</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i> <def>A small pipe forming part
of the boiler, containing water and surrounded by flame or hot gases, or
else surrounded by water and forming a flue for the gases to pass
through.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A more
or less cylindrical, and often spiral, case secreted or constructed by many
annelids, crustaceans, insects, and other animals, for protection or
concealment. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Tubeworm</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the siphons of a bivalve mollusk.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Capillary tube</b></col>, <cd>a tube of very fine bore. See
<u>Capillary</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Fire tube</b></col> <i>(Steam
Boilers)</i>, <cd>a tube which forms a flue.</cd> -- <col><b>Tube
coral</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Tubipore</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Tube foot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the ambulacral
suckers of an echinoderm.</cd> -- <col><b>Tube plate</b></col>, or
<col><b>Tube sheet</b></col> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i>, <cd>a flue plate. See
under <u>Flue</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Tube pouch</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>a pouch containing priming tubes.</cd> -- <col><b>Tube
spinner</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of various species of
spiders that construct tubelike webs. They belong to <i>Tegenaria</i>,
<i>Agelena</i>, and allied genera.</cd> -- <col><b>Water tube</b></col>
<i>(Steam Boilers)</i>, <cd>a tube containing water and surrounded by flame
or hot gases.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tube</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tubed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tubing</u>.] <def>To
furnish with a tube; as, to <i>tube</i> a well.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tube"form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In the form of a tube;
tubular; tubiform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tube"-nosed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having the nostrils prolonged in the form of horny
tubes along the sides of the beak; -- said of certain sea birds.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Belonging to the Tubinares.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[L., a hump. knob; probably
akin to <i>tumere</i> to swell.  Cf. <u>Tumid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fleshy, rounded stem or root,
usually containing starchy matter, as the potato or arrowroot; a thickened
root-stock. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Tuberous</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A genus of fungi. See <u>Truffle</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A tuberosity; a
tubercle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"ber*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tuberculum</i>,
dim. of <i>tuber</i>: cf. F. <i>tubercule</i>, OF. also <i>tubercle</i>.
See <u>Tuber</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small knoblike prominence or excrescence,
whether natural or morbid; as, a <i>tubercle</i> on a plant; a
<i>tubercle</i> on a bone; the <i>tubercles</i> appearing on the body in
leprosy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A small mass or aggregation of
morbid matter; especially, the deposit which accompanies scrofula or
phthisis. This is composed of a hard, grayish, or yellowish, translucent or
opaque matter, which gradually softens, and excites suppuration in its
vicinity. It is most frequently found in the lungs, causing
consumption.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tubercle bacillus</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a minute
vegetable organism (<i>Bacillus tuberculosis</i>) discovered by Koch, a
German physician, in the sputum of consumptive patients and in tuberculous
tissue, and believed to be the exciting cause of tubercles and
tuberculosis.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Tu"ber*cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having tubercles;
affected with, tubercles; tuberculate; as, a <i>tubercled</i> lung or
stalk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*ber"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having tubercles; affected with tubercles; tubercled;
tuberculate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like a tubercle; as, a <i>tubercular</i>
excrescence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Characterized by the development
of tubercles; as, <i>tubercular</i> diathesis.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tu*ber"cu*late</hw> (?), <hw>Tu*ber"cu*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>tuberculatus</i>: cf. F.
<i>tubercul&eacute;</i>.] <def>Tubercled; tubercular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*ber"cu*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tubercle</u>.]
<def>A fluid containing the products formed by the growth of the tubercle
bacillus in a suitable culture medium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*ber`cu*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The development of tubercles; the condition of one who is affected
with tubercles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tu*ber"cu*lose`</hw> (?), <hw>Tu*ber"cu*lous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having tubercles; affected with, or characterized
by, tubercles; tubercular.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tu*ber`cu*lo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Tubercle</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A constitutional disease characterized
by the production of tubercles in the internal organs, and especially in
the lungs, where it constitutes the most common variety of pulmonary
consumption.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tu*ber"cu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tubercula</b></plw> (#). [L., dim. of <i>tuber</i> a swelling.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tubercle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu`ber*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tuber</i> + <i>-
ferous</i>.] <def>Producing or bearing tubers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tube"rose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>tuberose</i>,
F. <i>tub&eacute;reuse</i>, NL. <i>Polianthes tuberosa</i>. See
<u>Tuberous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant (<i>Polianthes tuberosa</i>)
with a tuberous root and a liliaceous flower. It is much cultivated for its
beautiful and fragrant white blossoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"ber*ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tuberous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu`ber*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tuberosities</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F.
<i>tub&eacute;rosit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of
being tuberous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An obtuse or knoblike prominence; a
protuberance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"ber*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tuberosus</i>: cf.
F. <i>tub&eacute;reux</i>. See <u>Tuber</u>, and cf. also
<u>Tuberose</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Covered with knobby or wartlike prominences;
knobbed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Consisting of, or bearing, tubers;
resembling a tuber.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Tu"ber*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tube"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any bivalve mollusk which secretes a shelly tube around its siphon, as
the watering-shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tube"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any annelid which constructs a tube; one of the
Tubicol&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tub"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The sapphirine gurnard (<i>Trigla hirundo</i>). See <i>Illust.</i>
under <u>Gurnard</u>.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tub"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tubfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a tub will hold; enough to
fill a tub.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*bic"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>tubicen</i>
trumpeter.] <def>To blow a trumpet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tu*bic"o*l&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tubus</i> a tube + <i>colere</i> to inhabit.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of annelids including those which construct, and habitually live
in, tubes. The head or anterior segments usually bear gills and cirri.
Called also <i>Sedentaria</i>, and <i>Capitibranchiata</i>. See
<u>Serpula</u>, and <u>Sabella</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*bic"o*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Tubicolous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bi*cole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Tubicol&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*bic"o*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Tubicol&aelig;</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Inhabiting a tube; as,
<i>tubicolous</i> worms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bi*corn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tubus</i> tube +
<i>cornu</i> horn: cf. F. <i>tubicorne</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
ruminant having horns composed of a bony axis covered with a horny sheath;
a hollow-horned ruminant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bi*corn`ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having hollow
horns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form of a
tube; tubeform.</def> "<i>Tubiform</i> cells."  <i>Carpenter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu`bi*na"res</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>tubus</i> tube + <i>nares</i> the nostrils.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
tribe of sea birds comprising the petrels, shearwaters, albatrosses,
hagdons, and allied birds having tubular horny nostrils.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1549 !></p>

<p><hw>Tub"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of making tubes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A series of tubes; tubes, collectively; a length
or piece of a tube; material for tubes; as, leather
<i>tubing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tu*bip"o*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>tubus</i> tube + <i>porus</i> passage, pore.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
genus of halcyonoids in which the skeleton, or coral (called <i>organ-pipe
coral</i>), consists of a mass of parallel cylindrical tubes united at
intervals by transverse plates. These corals are usually red or purple and
form large masses. They are natives of the tropical parts of the Indian and
Pacific Oceans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bi*pore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tubipore</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of the genus Tubipora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bi*po*rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i>
<def>Any fossil coral of the genus <i>Syringopora</i> consisting of a
cluster of upright tubes united together by small transverse
tubules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bi*valve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tube</u>,
<u>Valve</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A shell or tube formed by an
annelid, as a serpula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tub"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tubmen</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>One of the two most
experienced barristers in the Court of Exchequer.  Cf. <u>Postman</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tubulus</i>, dim. of
<i>tubus</i> a tube, or pipe. See <u>Tube</u>.] <def>Having the form of a
tube, or pipe; consisting of a pipe; fistular; as, a <i>tubular</i> snout;
a <i>tubular</i> calyx. Also, containing, or provided with,
tubes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tubular boiler</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Boiler</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Tubular breathing</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a variety of
respiratory sound, heard on auscultation over the lungs in certain cases of
disease, resembling that produced by the air passing through the
trachea.</cd> -- <col><b>Tubular bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge in the form
of a hollow trunk or tube, made of iron plates riveted together, as the
Victoria bridge over the St. Lawrence, at Montreal, Canada, and the
Britannia bridge over the Menai Straits.</cd> -- <col><b>Tubular
girder</b></col>, <cd>a plate girder having two or more vertical webs with
a space between them.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Tu`bu*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of hydroids having large, naked,
flowerlike hydranths at the summits of long, slender, usually simple,
stems. The gonophores are small, and form clusters at the bases of the
outer tentacles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tu`bu*la"ri*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<def>See <u>Tubularida</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu`bu*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zool.)</i>
<def>Any hydroid belonging to the suborder Tubularida.</def></p>

<p>&fist; These hydroids usually form tufts of delicate tubes, and both
gonophores and hydranths are naked. The gonophores of many of the species
become free jellyfishes; those of other species remain permanently attached
as medusoid buds or sporosacs. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Gonosome</u>,
and <u>Cymnoblastea</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Tu`bu*la"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the tubularians.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tu"bu*lar`i*da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive division of Hydroidea; the
tubularians; -- called also <i>Athecata</i>, <i>Gymnoblastea</i>, and
<i>Tubulari&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tubulatus</i>. See
<u>Tubular</u>.] <def>Tubular; tubulated; tubulous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made in the form of
a small tube; provided with a tube, or elongated opening.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tubulated bottle</b></col> or <col><b>retort</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a bottle or retort having a stoppered opening for the
introduction or removal of materials.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tu`bu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
act of shaping or making a tube, or of providing with a tube; also, a tube
or tubulure; as, the <i>tubulation</i> of a retort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bu*la`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
tubulure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tubule</i>, or L.
<i>tubulus</i>, dim. of <i>tubus</i> a tube, a pipe.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small pipe or fistular body; a little tube.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A minute tube lined with
glandular epithelium; as, the uriniferous <i>tubules</i> of the
kidney.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu`bu*li*bran"chi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zool.)</i>
<def>One of the Tubulibranchiata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tu`bu*li*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from L. <i>tubulus</i> a little tube + <i>branchia</i> a gill.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of gastropod mollusks having a tubular
shell. Vermetus is an example.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bu*li*cole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tubulus</i>
little tube + <i>colere</i> to inhabit.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
hydroid which has tubular chitinous stems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu`bu*li*den"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Tubule</i> +
<i>dentate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having teeth traversed by canals;
-- said of certain edentates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bu*li*form`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tubuliforme</i>.] <def>Having the form of a small tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bu*li*pore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of Bryozoa belonging to <i>Tubulipora</i>
and allied genera, having tubular calcareous calicles.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tu"bu*lose`</hw> (?), <hw>Tu"bu*lous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tubuleux</i>. See <u>Tubule</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling, or in the form of, a tube;
longitudinally hollow; specifically <i>(Bot.)</i>, having a hollow
cylindrical corolla, often expanded or toothed at the border; as, a
<i>tubulose</i> flower.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing, or consisting of, small tubes;
specifically <i>(Bot.)</i>, composed wholly of tubulous florets; as, a
<i>tubulous</i> compound flower.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tubulous boiler</b></col>, <cd>a steam boiler composed chiefly
of tubes containing water and surrounded by flame and hot gases; --
sometimes distinguished from <i>tubular boiler</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tu"bu*lure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tubulure</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A short tubular opening at the top of a retort, or at
the top or side of a bottle; a tubulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*can"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Mexican pocket gopher (<i>Geomys Mexicanus</i>). It resembles the common
pocket gopher of the Western United States, but is larger. Called also
<i>tugan</i>, and <i>tuza</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Tucket</u>, a
steak.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tuch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Touchstone</u>.] <def>A
dark-colored kind of marble; touchstone.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir J.
Harrington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tuck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>estoc</i>; cf. It.
<i>stocco</i>; both of German origin, and akin to E. <i>stock</i>. See
<u>Stock</u>.] <def>A long, narrow sword; a rapier.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He wore large hose, and a <i>tuck</i>, as it was then
called, or rapier, of tremendous length.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tuck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tocsin</u>.] <def>The beat
of a drum.</def>  <i>Scot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tuck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tucked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tucking</u>.] [OE.
<i>tukken</i>, LG. <i>tukken</i> to pull up, tuck up, entice; akin to OD.
<i>tocken</i> to entice, G. <i>zucken</i> to draw with a short and quick
motion, and E. <i>tug</i>. See <u>Tug</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw
up; to shorten; to fold under; to press into a narrower compass; as, to
<i>tuck</i> the bedclothes in; to <i>tuck</i> up one's sleeves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a tuck or tucks in; as, to <i>tuck</i> a
dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To inclose; to put within; to press into a close
place; as, to <i>tuck</i> a child into a bed; to <i>tuck</i> a book under
one's arm, or into a pocket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Perhaps originally, to strike, beat: cf. F.
<i>toquer</i> to touch.  Cf. <u>Tocsin</u>.] <def>To full, as cloth.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tuck</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To contract; to draw
together.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tuck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A horizontal
sewed fold, such as is made in a garment, to shorten it; a plait.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small net used for taking fish from a larger
one; -- called also <i>tuck-net</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A pull; a lugging.</def> [Obs.] See <u>Tug</u>.
<i>Life of A. Wood.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The part of a vessel where the
ends of the bottom planks meet under the stern.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Food; pastry; sweetmeats.</def> [Slang]  <i>T.
Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tuck"a*hoe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [North American Indian,
bread.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A curious vegetable production of the Southern
Atlantic United States, growing under ground like a truffle and often
attaining immense size. The real nature is unknown. Called also <i>Indian
bread</i>, and <i>Indian loaf</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tuck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, tucks; specifically, an instrument with which tuck are
made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A narrow piece of linen or the like, folded
across the breast, or attached to the gown at the neck, forming a part of a
woman's dress in the 17th century and later.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [See <u>Tuck</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 4.] <def>A
fuller.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tuck"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tire; to weary; --
usually with <i>out</i>.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tuck"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It <i>toccata</i> a prelude,
fr. <i>toccare</i> to touch. See <u>Toccata</u>, <u>Touch</u>.] <def>A
slight flourish on a trumpet; a fanfare.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Tucket sonance</b></col>, <cd>the sound of the tucket.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let the trumpets sound<BR>
The <i>tucket sonance</i> and the note to mount.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tuck"et</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>tocchetto</i> a
ragout of fish, meat, fr. <i>tocco</i> a bit, morsel, LL. <i>tucetum</i>,
<i>tuccetum</i>, a thick gravy.] <def>A steak; a collop.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tuck"-net`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Tuck</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tu"cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called by the Indians of
Brazil.] <def>A fine, strong fiber obtained from the young leaves of a
Brazilian palm (<i>Astrocaryum vulgare</i>), used for cordage, bowstrings,
etc.; also, the plant yielding this fiber. Called also <i>tecum</i>, and
<i>tecum fiber</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tu*cu"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Brazilian palm (<i>Astrocaryum Tucuma</i>) which furnishes an edible
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
royal line of England, descended from Owen <i>Tudor</i> of Wales, who
married the widowed queen of Henry V. The first reigning Tudor was Henry
VII.; the last, Elizabeth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tudor style</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the latest development
of Gothic architecture in England, under the Tudors, characterized by flat
four-centered arches, shallow moldings, and a profusion of paneling on the
walls.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tu"e</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
parson bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tue"fall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See
<u>To-fall</u>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tue"-i`ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tuy&egrave;re</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tue"-i`rons</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A pair of
blacksmith's tongs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tues"day</hw> (t&umacr;z"d&asl;; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>Tewesday</i>, AS. <i>Tiwes d&aelig;g</i> the day of <i>Tiw</i> the god
of war; akin to OHG. <i>Zio</i>, Icel. <i>T&ymacr;r</i>, L. <i>Ju</i>piter,
Gr. <grk>Zey`s</grk>;, cf. OHG. <i>Ziostac</i> Tuesday, G. <i>Dienstag</i>,
Icel. <i>T&ymacr;sdagr</i>. &radic;244.  See <u>Deity</u>, <u>Day</u>, and
cf. <u>Jovial</u>.] <def>The third day of the week, following Monday and
preceding Wednesday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
lapwing.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tu"fa</hw> (?), [It. <i>fufo</i> soft, sandy stone, L. <i>tofus</i>,
<i>tophus</i>.  Cf. <u>Tofus</u>, <u>Toph</u>, and <u>Tophin</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A soft or porous stone formed by
depositions from water, usually calcareous; -- called also <i>calcareous
tufa</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A friable volcanic rock or
conglomerate, formed of consolidated cinders, or scoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*fa"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>tufaceo</i>,
L. <i>tofaceus</i>, <i>tofacius</i>. See <u>Tufa</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to tufa; consisting of, or resembling, tufa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tuff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Tufa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tuf*foon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Typhoon</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tuft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>tuff</i>, F.
<i>touffe</i>; of German origin; cf. G. <i>zopf</i> a weft of hair,
pigtail, top of a tree. See <u>Top</u> summit.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
collection of small, flexible, or soft things in a knot or bunch; a waving
or bending and spreading cluster; as, a <i>tuft</i> of flowers or
feathers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cluster; a clump; as, a <i>tuft</i> of
plants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under a <i>tuft</i> of shade.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Green lake, and cedar <i>fuft</i>, and spicy
glade.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A nobleman, or person of quality, especially in
the English universities; -- so called from the tuft, or gold tassel, on
the cap worn by them.</def> [Cant, Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Several young <i>tufts</i>, and others of the faster
men.</blockquote> <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tuft</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tufted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tufting</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate into tufts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To adorn with tufts or with a tuft.</def>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tuft</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow in, or form, a tuft
or tufts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tuf-taf"fe*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A silk fabric
formerly in use, having a nap or pile.</def> [Written also <i>tuft-
taffeta</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tuft"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Adorned with a tuft; as, the <i>tufted</i> duck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Growing in tufts or clusters; tufty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tufted</i> crowtoe, and pale jessamine.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tufted</i> trees and springing corn.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tufted duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the ring-necked
duck.</cd> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tuft"hunt`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hanger-on to
noblemen, or persons of quality, especially in English universities; a
toady. See 1st <u>Tuft</u>, 3.</def> [Cant, Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tuft"hunt`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice of
seeking after, and hanging on, noblemen, or persons of quality, especially
in English universities.</def> [Cant, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tuft"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with tufts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both in the <i>tufty</i> frith and in the mossy
fell.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Growing in tufts or clusters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where <i>tufty</i> daisies nod at every gale.</blockquote>
<i>W. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tug</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tugged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tugging</u>.] [OE. <i>toggen</i>; akin to OD. <i>tocken</i> to entice,
G. <i>zucken</i> to jerk, draw, Icel. <i>toga</i> to draw, AS.
<i>t&eacute;on</i>, p. p. <i>togen</i>, to draw, G. <i>ziehen</i>, OHG.
<i>ziohan</i>, Goth. <i>tiuhan</i>, L. <i>ducere</i> to lead, draw.  Cf.
<u>Duke</u>, <u>Team</u>, <u>Tie</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
<u>Touch</u>, <u>Tow</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Tuck</u> to press in,
<u>Toy</u> a plaything.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pull or draw with great
effort; to draw along with continued exertion; to haul along; to tow; as,
to <i>tug</i> a loaded cart; to <i>tug</i> a ship into port.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There sweat, there strain, <i>tug</i> the laborious
oar.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pull; to pluck.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To ease the pain,<BR>
His <i>tugged</i> cars suffered with a strain.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tug</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pull
with great effort; to strain in labor; as, to <i>tug</i> at the oar; to
<i>tug</i> against the stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>tugged</i>, he shook, till down they
came.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To labor; to strive; to struggle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>England now is left<BR>
To <i>tug</i> and scamble and to part by the teeth<BR>
The unowed interest of proud-swelling state.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pull with
the utmost effort, as in the athletic contest called <i>tug of war</i>; a
supreme effort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the <i>tug</i> he falls,<BR>
Vast ruins come along, rent from the smoking walls.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sort of vehicle, used for conveying timber and
heavy articles.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small, powerful steamboat used
to tow vessels; -- called also <i>steam tug</i>, <i>tugboat</i>, and
<i>towboat</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A trace, or drawing strap, of a
harness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>An iron hook of a hoisting tub,
to which a tackle is affixed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tug iron</b></col>, <cd>an iron hook or button to which a tug or
trace may be attached, as on the shaft of a wagon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tu*gan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Tucan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tug"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Tug</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tug"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tugs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tug"ging*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a tugging
manner; with laborious pulling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tuille</hw> (tw&ibreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tuile</i>
a tile.] <def>In plate armor, a suspended plate in front of the thigh. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Tasses</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*i"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tuitio</i>
protection, guarding, from <i>tueri</i>, p. p. <i>tuitus</i>, to see,
watch, protect: cf. F. <i>tuition</i>.  Cf. <u>Tutor</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Superintending care over a young person; the
particular watch and care of a tutor or guardian over his pupil or ward;
guardianship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, the act, art, or business of
teaching; instruction; as, children are sent to school for <i>tuition</i>;
his <i>tuition</i> was thorough.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The money paid for instruction; the price or
payment for instruction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*i"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to tuition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"ko-tu*ko</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name .]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A burrowing South American rodent (<i>Ctenomys
Braziliensis</i>). It has small eyes and ears and a short tail. It
resembles the pocket gopher in size, form, and habits, but is more nearly
allied to the porcupines.</def> [Written also <i>tucu-tuco</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tu"la met`al</hw> (?). <def>An alloy of silver, copper, and lead
made at <i>Tula</i> in Russia.</def> [Written also <i>toola metal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tu"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mex.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
large bulrush (<i>Scirpus lacustris</i>, and <i>S. Tatora</i>) growing
abundantly on overflowed land in California and elsewhere.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1550 !></p>

<p><hw>Tu"lip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tulipe</i>, OF. also
<i>tulipan</i>, It. <i>tulipano</i>, <i>tulipa</i>, from Turk.
<i>tulbend</i>, <i>dulbend</i>, literally, a turban, Per. <i>dulband</i>; -
- so called from the resemblance of the form of this flower to a turban.
See <u>Turban</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the liliaceous genus
<i>Tulipa</i>. Many varieties are cultivated for their beautiful, often
variegated flowers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tulip tree</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large American
tree bearing tuliplike flowers. See <u>Liriodendron</u>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A West Indian malvaceous tree (<i>Paritium, or
Hibiscus, tiliaceum</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tu"lip-eared`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having erect, pointed ears; prick-eared; -- said of certain
dogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"lip*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who is
especially devoted to the cultivation of tulips.</def>  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu`lip*o*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tulip</i> +
<i>mania</i>.] <def>A violent passion for the acquisition or cultivation of
tulips; -- a word said by Beckman to have been coined by Menage.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Holland, in the first half of the 17th century, the
cultivation of tulips became a mania. It began about the year 1634, and,
like a violent epidemic, seized upon all classes of the community, leading
to disasters and misery such as the records of commerce or of bankruptcies
can scarcely parallel. In 1636, tulip marts had been established in
Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Haarlem, Leyden, and various other towns, where tulip
bulbs were sold and resold in the same manner as stocks are on the Stock
Exchange of London.  <i>Baird.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu`lip*o*ma"ni*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
affected with tulipomania.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"lip-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large, handsomely colored, marine univalve shell (<i>Fasciolaria
tulipa</i>) native of the Southern United States. The name is sometimes
applied also to other species of <i>Fasciolaria</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"lip*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The beautiful rose-
colored striped wood of a Brazilian tree (<i>Physocalymna floribunda</i>),
much used by cabinetmakers for inlaying.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Queensland tulipwood</b></col>, <cd>the variegated wood of an
Australian sapindaceous tree (<i>Harpullia pendula</i>).</cd>  <i>J. Smith
(Dict. Econ. Plants).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tull</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tullen</i>. See
<u>Tole</u>.] <def>To allure; to tole.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With empty hands men may no hawkes <i>tull</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tulle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; -- so called from the town
of <i>Tulle</i>, in France.] <def>A kind of silk lace or light netting,
used for veils, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tul"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Tullianus</i>, from
<i>Tullius</i>, the name of a Roman gens.] <def>Belonging to, or in the
style of, Tully (Marcus Tullius Cicero).</def></p>

<p><hw>Tul"li*bee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
whitefish (<i>Coregonus tullibee</i>) found in the Great Lakes of North
America; -- called also <i>mongrel whitefish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tum"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tumbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tumbling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>tumblen</i>, AS. <i>tumbian</i> to turn heels
over head, to dance violently; akin to D. <i>tuimelen</i> to fall, Sw.
<i>tumla</i>, Dan. <i>tumle</i>, Icel. <i>tumba</i>; and cf. G.
<i>taumeln</i> to reel, to stagger.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To roll over,
or to and fro; to throw one's self about; as, a person on pain
<i>tumbles</i> and tosses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To roll down; to fall suddenly and violently; to
be precipitated; as, to <i>tumble</i> from a scaffold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He who <i>tumbles</i> from a tower surely has a greater blow
than he who slides from a molehill.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To play tricks by various movements and
contortions of the body; to perform the feats of an acrobat.</def>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To tumble home</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to incline inward,
as the sides of a vessel, above the bends or extreme breadth; -- used esp.
in the phrase <i>tumbling home</i>.  Cf. <u>Wall-sided</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
turn over; to turn or throw about, as for examination or search; to roll or
move in a rough, coarse, or unceremonious manner; to throw down or
headlong; to precipitate; -- sometimes with <i>over</i>, <i>about</i>,
etc.; as, to <i>tumble</i> books or papers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disturb; to rumple; as, to <i>tumble</i> a
bed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tum"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of tumbling, or rolling
over; a fall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tum"ble*bug`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tumbledung</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tum"ble-down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ready to fall;
dilapidated; ruinous; as, a <i>tumble-down</i> house.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tum"ble*dung`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of scaraboid beetles belonging to
<i>Scarab&aelig;us</i>, <i>Copris</i>, <i>Phan&aelig;us</i>, and allied
genera. The female lays her eggs in a globular mass of dung which she rolls
by means of her hind legs to a burrow excavated in the earth in which she
buries it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tum"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who tumbles; one who plays tricks by various motions of the body; an
acrobat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A movable obstruction in a lock, consisting of a
lever, latch, wheel, slide, or the like, which must be adjusted to a
particular position by a key or other means before the bolt can be thrown
in locking or unlocking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Firearms)</i> <def>A piece attached to, or
forming part of, the hammer of a gunlock, upon which the mainspring acts
and in which are the notches for sear point to enter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A drinking glass, without a foot or stem; -- so
called because originally it had a pointed or convex base, and could not be
set down with any liquor in it, thus compelling the drinker to finish his
measure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of the domestic
pigeon remarkable for its habit of tumbling, or turning somersaults, during
its flight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A breed of dogs that tumble
when pursuing game. They were formerly used in hunting rabbits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cart; a tumbrel.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Tum"bler*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tumblerfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a tumbler will hold;
enough to fill a tumbler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tum"ble*weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
plant which habitually breaks away from its roots in the autumn, and is
driven by the wind, as a light, rolling mass, over the fields and prairies;
as witch grass, wild indigo, <i>Amarantus albus</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tum"bling</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> from
<u>Tumble</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Tumbling barrel</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Rumble</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Tumbling bay</b></col>, <cd>an
overfall, or weir, in a canal.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tum"brel</hw> (?), <hw>Tum"bril</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OF. <i>tomberel</i>, F. <i>tombereau</i>, fr. <i>tomber</i> to fall, to
tumble; of Teutonic origin.  Cf. <u>Tumble</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
cucking stool for the punishment of scolds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rough cart.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i>
<i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A cart or carriage with two
wheels, which accompanies troops or artillery, to convey the tools of
pioneers, cartridges, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kind of basket or cage of osiers, willows, or
the like, to hold hay and other food for sheep.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tu`me*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>tum&eacute;faction</i>.] <def>The act or process of tumefying, swelling,
or rising into a tumor; a swelling.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"me*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tumefied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tumefying</u>.] [F. <i>tum&eacute;fier</i>, fr. L. <i>tumere</i> to
swell + <i>-ficare</i> (in comp.) to make; cf. L. <i>tumefacere</i> to
tumefy. See <u>Tumid</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <def>To swell; to cause to
swell, or puff up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To swell, <i>tumefy</i>, stiffen, not the diction only, but
the tenor of the thought.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"me*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rise in a tumor; to
swell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"mid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tumidus</i>, fr.
<i>tumere</i> to swell; cf. Skr. <i>tumra</i> strong, fat.  Cf.
<u>Thumb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Swelled, enlarged, or distended; as,
a <i>tumid</i> leg; <i>tumid</i> flesh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rising above the level; protuberant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So high as heaved the <i>tumid</i> hills.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Swelling in sound or sense; pompous; puffy;
inflated; bombastic; falsely sublime; turgid; as, a <i>tumid</i>
expression; a <i>tumid</i> style.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Tu"mid*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Tu"mid*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tu*mid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being tumid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tum"mals</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A great
quantity or heap.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"mor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>tumere</i> to
swell: cf. F. <i>tume&uacute;r</i>. See <u>Tumid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid swelling, prominence, or growth, on any part of
the body; especially, a growth produced by deposition of new tissue; a
neoplasm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected pomp; bombast; swelling words or
expressions; false magnificence or sublimity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Better, however, to be a flippant, than, by a revolting form
of <i>tumor</i> and perplexity, to lead men into habits of intellect such
as result from the modern vice of English style.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Encysted tumor</b></col>, <cd>a tumor which is inclosed in a
membrane called a <i>cyst</i>, connected with the surrounding parts by the
neighboring cellular substance.</cd> -- <col><b>Fatty tumor</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Fatty</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Innocent tumor</b></col>, or
<col><b>Benign tumor</b></col>, <cd>one which does not of itself threaten
life, and does not usually tend to recur after extirpation.</cd> --
<col><b>Malignant tumor</b></col>, <cd>a tumor which tends continually to
spread, to become generalized in different parts of the body, and to recur
after extirpation, and which, if left to itself, causes death.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tu"mored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Distended;
swelled.</def> [R.] "His <i>tumored</i> breast."  <i>R. Junius.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"mor*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tumorosus</i>
inflated.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Swelling; protuberant.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inflated; bombastic.</def> [R.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tump</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>twmp</i>, <i>twm</i>, a
round mass or heap, a hillock.] <def>A little hillock; a knoll.</def>
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tump</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tumped</u> (?; 215); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tumping</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form a mass of earth or a hillock about; as, to
<i>tump</i> teasel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw or drag, as a deer or other animal after
it has been killed.</def> [Local, U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tump"line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strap placed across
a man's forehead to assist him in carrying a pack on his back.</def>
[Local, U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tum"-tum`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dish made in the
West Indies by beating boiled plantain quite soft in a wooden
mortar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"mu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tumulus</i> a mound:
cf. F. <i>tumulaire</i>. See <u>Tumulus</u>.] <def>Consisting in a heap;
formed or being in a heap or hillock.</def>  <i>Pinkerton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"mu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>tumulatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>tumulare</i> to tumulate. See <u>Tumulus</u>.] <def>To cover,
as a corpse, with a mound or tomb; to bury.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tu"mu*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To swell.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"mu*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tumulous.</def> [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu`mu*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being tumulous; hilliness.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"mu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tumulosus</i>, fr.
<i>tumulus</i> a mound.] <def>Full of small hills or mounds; hilly;
tumulose.</def> [R.]  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Tu"mult</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tumultus</i>; probably
akin to Skr. <i>tumula</i> noise, noisy, and perhaps to L. <i>tumere</i> to
swell, E. <i>tumid</i>: cf. F. <i>tumulte</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
commotion or agitation of a multitude, usually accompanied with great
noise, uproar, and confusion of voices; hurly-burly; noisy
confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What meaneth the noise of this <i>tumult</i> ?</blockquote>
<i>1 Sam. iv. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Till in loud <i>tumult</i> all the Greeks
arose.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Violent commotion or agitation, with confusion
of sounds; as, the <i>tumult</i> of the elements.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Irregular or confused motion; agitation; high
excitement; as, the <i>tumult</i> of the spirits or passions.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Uproar; ferment; disturbance; turbulence; disorder;
confusion; noise; bluster; hubbub; bustle; stir; brawl; riot.</p>

<p><hw>Tu"mult</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a tumult; to
be in great commotion.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Importuning and <i>tumulting</i> even to the fear of a
revolt.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"mult*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A maker of
tumults.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He severely punished the <i>tumulters</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu*mul"tu*a*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
tumultuary manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*mul"tu*a*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being tumultuary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*mul"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tumultuarius</i>:  cf. F. <i>tumultuaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Attended by, or producing, a tumult; disorderly; promiscuous;
confused; tumultuous.</def> "A <i>tumultuary</i> conflict."  <i>Eikon
Basilike.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>tumultuary</i> attack of the Celtic
peasantry.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sudden flight or <i>tumultuary</i> skirmish.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Restless; agitated; unquiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men who live without religion live always in a
<i>tumultuary</i> and restless state.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu*mul"tu*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tumultuatus</i>, p. p. of <i>tumultuari</i> to make a tumult.] <def>To
make a tumult.</def> [Obs.] "He will murmur and <i>tumultuate</i>."
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu*mul`tu*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tumultuatio</i>.] <def>Irregular or disorderly movement; commotion; as,
the <i>tumultuation</i> of the parts of a fluid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu*mul"tu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tumultuosus</i>:
cf. F.  <i>tumultueux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of tumult;
characterized by tumult; disorderly; turbulent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flight became wild and <i>tumultuous</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Conducted with disorder; noisy; confused;
boisterous; disorderly; as, a <i>tumultuous</i> assembly or
meeting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Agitated, as with conflicting passions;
disturbed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His dire attempt, which, nigh the birth<BR>
Now rolling, boils in his <i>tumultuous</i> breast.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Turbulent; violent; as, a <i>tumultuous</i>
speech.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disorderly; irregular; noisy; confused; turbulent;
violent; agitated; disturbed; boisterous; lawless; riotous; seditious.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Tu*mul"tu*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tu*mul"tu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Tu"mu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tumuli</b></plw> (#). [L., a mound, a sepulchral mound, probably
from <i>tumere</i> to swell.  Cf. <u>Tumid</u>.] <def>An artificial
hillock, especially one raised over a grave, particularly over the graves
of persons buried in ancient times; a barrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>tunne</i>. See <u>Ton</u>
a weight.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large cask; an oblong vessel bulging
in the middle, like a pipe or puncheon, and girt with hoops; a wine
cask.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Brewing)</i> <def>A fermenting vat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A certain measure for liquids, as for wine,
equal to two pipes, four hogsheads, or 252 gallons. In different countries,
the tun differs in quantity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A weight of 2,240 pounds. See
<u>Ton</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An indefinite large quantity.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>tun</i> of man in thy large bulk is writ.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A drunkard; -- so called humorously, or in
contempt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any shell belonging to
Dolium and allied genera; -- called also <i>tun-shell</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tun</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tunned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tunning</u>.]
<def>To put into tuns, or casks.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
<i>Opuntia Tuna</i>. See <i>Prickly pear</i>, under
<u>Prickly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"na</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tunny</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The tunny.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bonito, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tun"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
tuned, or made harmonious; hence, harmonious; musical; tuneful.</def> --
<wf>Tun"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Tun"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>tunable</i> as sylvan pipe or song.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tun"-bel`lied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a large,
protuberant belly, or one shaped like a tun; pot-bellied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tun"-dish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tunnel.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tun"dra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ., from a native
name.] <def>A rolling, marshy, mossy plain of Northern Siberia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tune</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A variant of <i>tone</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sound; a note; a tone.</def> "The <i>tune</i> of
your voices."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A rhythmical,
melodious, symmetrical series of tones for one voice or instrument, or for
any number of voices or instruments in unison, or two or more such series
forming parts in harmony; a melody; an air; as, a merry <i>tune</i>; a
mournful <i>tune</i>; a slow <i>tune</i>; a psalm <i>tune</i>. See
<u>Air</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The state of giving the proper,
sound or sounds; just intonation; harmonious accordance; pitch of the voice
or an instrument; adjustment of the parts of an instrument so as to
harmonize with itself or with others; as, the piano, or the organ, is not
in <i>tune</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like sweet bells jangled, out of <i>tune</i> and
harsh.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Order; harmony; concord; fit disposition,
temper, or humor; right mood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A child will learn three times as much when he is in
<i>tune</i>, as when he . . . is dragged unwillingly to [his
task].</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tune</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tuned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tuning</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put into a state adapted to produce the proper
sounds; to harmonize, to cause to be in tune; to correct the tone of; as,
to <i>tune</i> a piano or a violin.</def> " <i>Tune</i> your harps."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1551 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give tone to; to attune; to adapt in style of
music; to make harmonious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For now to sorrow must I <i>tune</i> my song.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sing with melody or harmony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fountains, and ye, that warble, as ye flow,<BR>
Melodious murmurs, warbling <i>tune</i> his praise.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To put into a proper state or disposition.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tune</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
form one sound to another; to form accordant musical sounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whilst <i>tuning</i> to the water's fall,<BR>
The small birds sang to her.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter inarticulate harmony with the voice; to
sing without pronouncing words; to hum.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tune"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Harmonious; melodious;
musical; as, <i>tuneful</i> notes.</def> " <i>Tuneful</i> birds."
<i>Milton.</i> -- <wf>Tune"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tune"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tune"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without
tune; inharmonious; unmusical.</def> " Thy <i>tuneless</i> serenade."
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How often have I led thy sportive choir,<BR>
With <i>tuneless</i> pipe, beside the murmuring Loire!</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not employed in making music; as,
<i>tuneless</i> harps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not expressed in music or poetry; unsung.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tun"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who tunes;
especially, one whose occupation is to tune musical instruments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tun"-great`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
circumference of a tun.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tung"state</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tungstate</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of tungstic acid; a wolframate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tung"sten</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw. <i>tungsten</i> (cf.
Dan. <i>tungsteen</i>, G. <i>tungstein</i>); <i>tung</i> heavy (akin to
Dan. <i>tung</i>, Icel. <i>&thorn;ungr</i>) + <i>sten</i> stone. See
<u>Stone</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare element of the
chromium group found in certain minerals, as wolfram and scheelite, and
isolated as a heavy steel-gray metal which is very hard and infusible. It
has both acid and basic properties. When alloyed in small quantities with
steel, it greatly increases its hardness. Symbol W (<i>Wolframium</i>).
Atomic weight, 183.6. Specific gravity, 18.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Scheelite, or calcium
tungstate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Tungsten ocher</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Tungstic
ocher</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>tungstate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tung*sten"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
tungsten; containing tungsten; as, <i>tungstenic</i> ores.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tung"stic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to tungsten; derived from, or resembling, tungsten; wolframic;
as, <i>tungstic</i> oxide.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tungstic acid</b></col>, <cd>an acid of tungsten,
H<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub>, analogous to sulphuric and chromic
acids.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tung"stite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The
oxide of tungsten, a yellow mineral occurring in a pulverulent form. It is
often associated with wolfram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tun*gus"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>A group of roving Turanian tribes occupying Eastern Siberia and the
Amoor valley. They resemble the Mongols.</def> [Written also
<i>Tungooses</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tun*gus"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Tunguses; as, the <i>Tungusic</i> dialects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tun"hoof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Aleboof</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Ground ivy; alehoof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tunica</i>: cf. F.
<i>tunique</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An under-garment worn by
the ancient Romans of both sexes. It was made with or without sleeves,
reached to or below the knees, and was confined at the waist by a
girdle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any similar garment worm by ancient or Oriental
peoples; also, a common name for various styles of loose-fitting under-
garments and over-garments worn in modern times by Europeans and
others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Tunicle</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A membrane, or layer of tissue,
especially when enveloping an organ or part, as the eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A natural covering; an integument;
as, the <i>tunic</i> of a seed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Mantle</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"ni*ca*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tunicaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>tunica</i> a tunic.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the Tunicata.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tu`ni*ca"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Tunicate</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A grand division of the animal
kingdom, intermediate, in some respects, between the invertebrates and
vertebrates, and by some writers united with the latter. They were formerly
classed with acephalous mollusks. The body is usually covered with a firm
external tunic, consisting in part of cellulose, and having two openings,
one for the entrance and one for the exit of water. The pharynx is usually
dilated in the form of a sac, pierced by several series of ciliated slits,
and serves as a gill.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Most of the species when mature are firmly attached to foreign
substances, but have free-swimming larv&aelig; which are furnished with an
elongated tail and somewhat resemble a tadpole. In this state the larva has
a urochord and certain other structures resembling some embryonic
vertebrates. See <u>Ascidian</u>, <u>Doliolum</u>, <u>Salpa</u>,
<u>Urochord</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Social ascidian</i>, under
<u>Social</u>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tu"ni*cate</hw> (?), <hw>Tu"ni*ca`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tunicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>tunicare</i> to
clothe with a tunic, fr. <i>tunica</i> a tunic.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Covered with a tunic; covered or coated with layers; as,
a <i>tunicated</i> bulb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having a
tunic, or mantle; of or pertaining to the Tunicata.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having each joint buried in the preceding funnel-
shaped one, as in certain antenn&aelig; of insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"ni*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Tunicata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"ni*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>Animal cellulose; a substance present in the mantle, or tunic, of the
Tunicates, which resembles, or is identical with, the cellulose of the
vegetable kingdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"ni*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tunicula</i> a
little tunic, coat, or membrane, dim. of <i>tunica</i> a tunic: cf. OF.
<i>tunicle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A slight natural covering; an
integument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tunicles</i> that make the ball or apple of the
eye.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A short, close-fitting
vestment worn by bishops under the dalmatic, and by subdeacons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tun"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Tune</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Tuning fork</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a steel instrument
consisting of two prongs and a handle, which, being struck, gives a certain
fixed tone. It is used for tuning instruments, or for ascertaining the
pitch of tunes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tunk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp blow; a
thump.</def> [Prov. Eng. or Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tun"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Dunker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tun"nage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Tun</u>; cf.
<u>Tonnage</u>.] <def>See <u>Tonnage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tun"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. .</i></pos> [F. <i>tonnelle</i> a
semicircular, wagon-headed vault, a tunnel net, an arbor, OF. also
<i>tonnel</i>; dim. of <i>tonne</i> a tun; -- so named from its resemblance
to a tun in shape. See <u>Ton</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vessel with a
broad mouth at one end, a pipe or tube at the other, for conveying liquor,
fluids, etc., into casks, bottles, or other vessels; a funnel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The opening of a chimney for the passage of
smoke; a flue; a funnel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And one great chimney, whose long <i>tunnel</i> thence<BR>
The smoke forth threw.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An artificial passage or archway for conducting
canals or railroads under elevated ground, for the formation of roads under
rivers or canals, and the construction of sewers, drains, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A level passage driven across
the measures, or at right angles to veins which it is desired to reach; --
distinguished from the <i>drift</i>, or <i>gangway</i>, which is led along
the vein when reached by the tunnel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tunnel head</b></col> <i>(Metal.)</i>, <cd>the top of a smelting
furnace where the materials are put in.</cd> -- <col><b>Tunnel
kiln</b></col>, <cd>a limekiln in which coal is burned, as distinguished
from a <i>flame kiln</i>, in which wood or peat is used.</cd> --
<col><b>Tunnel net</b></col>, <cd>a net with a wide mouth at one end and
narrow at the other.</cd> -- <col><b>Tunnel pit</b></col>, <col><b>Tunnel
shaft</b></col>, <cd>a pit or shaft sunk from the top of the ground to the
level of a tunnel, for drawing up the earth and stones, for ventilation,
lighting, and the like.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tun"nel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tunneled</u> (&?;) or <u>Tunnelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tunneling</u> or <u>Tunnelling</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form into a tunnel, or funnel, or to form
like a tunnel; as, to <i>tunnel</i> fibrous plants into nests.</def>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To catch in a tunnel net.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make an opening, or a passageway, through or
under; as, to <i>tunnel</i> a mountain; to <i>tunnel</i> a river.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tun"ny</hw> (t&ubreve;n"n&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tunnies</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>thunnus</i>, <i>thynnus</i>, Gr.
<grk>qy`nnos</grk>, <grk>qy^nos</grk>: cf. It. <i>tonno</i>, F. &amp; Pr.
<i>thon</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of large
oceanic fishes belonging to the Mackerel family, especially the common or
great tunny (<i>Orcynus or Albacora thynnus</i>) native of the
Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. It sometimes weighs a thousand
pounds or more, and is extensively caught in the Mediterranean. On the
American coast it is called <i>horse mackerel</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<i>Horse mackerel</i>, under <u>Horse</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>thynny</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The little tunny (<i>Gymnosarda alletterata</i>) of the
Mediterranean and North Atlantic, and the long-finned tunny, or albicore
(see <u>Albicore</u>), are related species of smaller size.</p>

<p><hw>Tup</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Probably akin to
<i>top</i> summit, head.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To butt, as a ram
does.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover; -- said of a ram.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tup</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
ram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*pai"</hw> (t&oocr;*p&imacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the tupaiids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*pai"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of East Indian and Asiatic insectivores of
the family <i>Tupaiid&aelig;</i>, somewhat resembling squirrels in size and
arboreal habits. The nose is long and pointed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"pe*lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tupelo</i>, or
<i>tupebo</i>, the native American Indian name.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A North
American tree (<i>Nyssa multiflora</i>) of the Dogwood family, having
brilliant, glossy foliage and acid red berries. The wood is crossgrained
and very difficult to split. Called also <i>black gum</i>, <i>sour gum</i>,
and <i>pepperidge</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Largo tupelo</b></col>, or <col><b>Tupelo gum</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American tree (<i>Nyssa uniflora</i>) with softer
wood than the tupelo.</cd> -- <col><b>Sour tupelo</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the Ogeechee lime.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tup"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tupmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who breeds, or deals in
tups.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Tur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pol.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The urus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"ra*cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A red or crimson pigment obtained from certain feathers
of several species of turacou; whence the name. It contains nearly six per
cent of copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*ra"cou</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>touraco</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of plantain eaters of
the genus <i>Turacus</i>, native of Africa. They are remarkable for the
peculiar green and red pigments found in their feathers.</def> [Written
also <i>touraco</i>, and <i>touracou</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tu*ra`co*ver"din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Turacou</u>,
and <u>Verdant</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A green pigment
found in the feathers of the turacou. See <u>Turacin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*ra"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <i>Tur</i>, the
name, in Persian legendary history, of one of the three brothers from whom
sprang the races of mankind.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, an
extensive family of languages of simple structure and low grade (called
also <i>Altaic</i>, <i>Ural-Altaic</i>, and <i>Scythian</i>), spoken in the
northern parts of Europe and Asia and Central Asia; of pertaining to, or
designating, the people who speak these languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*ra"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
Turanians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*ra"ni*ans</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An extensive division of mankind including the
Mongols and allied races of Asia, together with the Malays and
Polynesians.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A group of races or tribes
inhabiting Asia and closely related to the Mongols.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"ratt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
hare kangaroo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ban</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>turband</i>,
<i>turbant</i>, <i>tolibant</i>, F. <i>turban</i>, It. <i>turbante</i>,
Turk. <i>tulbend</i>, <i>dulbend</i>, fr. Per. <i>dulband</i>.  Cf.
<u>Tulip</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A headdress worn by men in the
Levant and by most Mohammedans of the male sex, consisting of a cap, and a
sash, scarf, or shawl, usually of cotton or linen, wound about the cap, and
sometimes hanging down the neck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of headdress worn by women.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The whole set of whorls of a
spiral shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"band</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A turban.</def>
<i>Balfour (Cyc. of Ind.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"baned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a
turban.</def> " A malignant and a <i>turbaned</i> Turk."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ban-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A sea urchin when deprived of its spines; -- popularly so called from
a fancied resemblance to a turban.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A turban.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I see the Turk nodding with his <i>turbant</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ban-top`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of fungus with an irregularly wrinkled, somewhat globular pileus
(<i>Helvella, or Gyromitra, esculenta</i>.).</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ba*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Turbaries</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>turbaria</i> a place for digging
peat, from <i>turba</i> peat. See <u>Turf</u>.] <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A
right of digging turf on another man's land; also, the ground where turf is
dug.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tur`bel*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., dim. fr.
L. <i>turbo</i> a whirling.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive group of
worms which have the body covered externally with vibrating cilia. It
includes the Rhabdoc&oelig;la and Dendroc&oelig;la. Formerly, the
nemerteans were also included in this group.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur`bel*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Turbellaria. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"beth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Turpeth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>turbidus</i>, from
<i>turba</i> tumult, disturbance, akin to <i>turbare</i> to disturb. See
<u>Trouble</u>, and cf. <u>Disturb</u>, <u>Perturb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the lees or sediment disturbed; roiled; muddy; thick; not
clear; -- used of liquids of any kind; as, <i>turbid</i> water;
<i>turbid</i> wine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On that strong, <i>turbid</i> water, a small boat,<BR>
Guided by one weak hand, was seen to float.</blockquote>
<i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disturbed; confused; disordered.</def> " Such
<i>turbid</i> intervals that use to attend close prisoners."
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur*bid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Turbidness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bid*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a turbid manner; with muddiness or confusion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proudly; haughtily.</def> [A Latinism. R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One of great merit <i>turbidly</i> resents
them.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bid*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being turbid; muddiness; foulness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur*bil"lion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tourbillon</i>,
from L. <i>turbo</i> a whirl.] <def>A whirl; a vortex.</def>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur`bi*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Turbary</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to peat, or turf; of the nature of peat, or turf;
peaty; turfy.</def>  <i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bi*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>turbo</i>,
<i>turben</i>, <i>-inis</i>, a top, whirl.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Rolled in a
spiral; scroll-like; turbinate; -- applied to the thin, plicated, bony or
cartilaginous plates which support the olfactory and mucous membranes of
the nasal chambers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are usually several of these plates in each nasal chamber.
The upper ones, connected directly with the ethmoid bone, are called
<i>ethmoturbinals</i>, and the lower, connected with the maxill&aelig;,
<i>maxillo-turbinals</i>. Incurved portions of the wall of the nasal
chamber are sometimes called <i>pseudoturbinals</i>, to distinguish them
from the true turbinals which are free outgrowths into the chambers.</p>

<p><hw>Tur"bi*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A turbinal
bone or cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To revolve or
spin like a top; to whirl.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tur"bi*nate</hw> (?), <hw>Tur"bi*na`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>turbinatus</i>, <i>turbo</i>, <i>turben</i>,
<i>-inis</i>, a whirl, top.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Whirling in the manner
of a top.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A spiral and <i>turbinated</i> motion of the
whole.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Shaped like a top, or inverted
cone; narrow at the base, and broad at the apex; as, a <i>turbinated</i>
ovary, pericarp, or root.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Turbinal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Spiral with the whorls
decreasing rapidly from a large base to a pointed apex; -- said of certain
shells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur`bi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L.
<i>tirbinatio</i> a pointing in the form of a cone. See <u>Turbinate</u>.]
<def>The act of spinning or whirling, as a top.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1552 !></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>turbo</i>, <i>-
inis</i>, that which spins or whirls round, whirl.] <def>A water wheel,
commonly horizontal, variously constructed, but usually having a series of
curved floats or buckets, against which the water acts by its impulse or
reaction in flowing either outward from a central chamber, inward from an
external casing, or from above downward, etc.; -- also called <i>turbine
wheel</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In some turbines, the water is supplied to the wheel from below,
instead of above. Turbines in which the water flows in a direction parallel
to the axis are called <i>parallel-flow</i> turbines.</p>

<p><hw>||Tur`bi*nel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. fr. L.
<i>turbo</i>, <i>-inis</i>, a top.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
large marine gastropods having a thick heavy shell with conspicuous folds
on the columella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bi*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>Turbo</i>, the
generic name, fr. L. <i>turbo</i> a whirl, top: cf. F. <i>turbinite</i>.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A petrified shell resembling the genus
<i>Turbo</i>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tur"bi*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Turbo</u>, and
<u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to <i>Turbo</i>
or the family <i>Turbinid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Turbot</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The turbot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of the domestic
pigeon, remarkable for its short beak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A
fossil turbo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Per. See
<u>Turpeth</u>.] <def>See <u>Turpeth</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>turbo</i>, <i>-
inis</i>, a top. See <u>Turbine</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous marine gastropods of the genus <i>Turbo</i> or family
<i>Turbinid&aelig;</i>, usually having a turbinate shell, pearly on the
inside, and a calcareous operculum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; -- probably so named
from its shape, and from L. <i>turbo</i> a top, a whirl.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large European flounder
(<i>Rhombus maximus</i>) highly esteemed as a food fish. It often weighs
from thirty to forty pounds. Its color on the upper side is brownish with
small roundish tubercles scattered over the surface. The lower, or blind,
side is white. Called also <i>bannock fluke</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any one of numerous species of flounders more or less related to the
true turbots, as the American plaice, or summer flounder (see
<u>Flounder</u>), the halibut, and the diamond flounder (<i>Hypsopsetta
guttulata</i>) of California.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The filefish;
-- so called in Bermuda.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The trigger
fish.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spotted turbot</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Windowpane</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bu*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>turbulentia</i>:
cf. F. <i>turbulebce</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being turbulent; a
disturbed state; tumult; disorder; agitation.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The years of . . . warfare and <i>turbulence</i> which
ensued.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Agitation; commotion; tumult; tumultuousness; termagance;
unruliness; insubordination; rioting.</p>

<p><hw>Tur"bu*len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Turbulence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What a tale of terror now its <i>turbulency</i>
tells!</blockquote> <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bu*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>turbulentus</i>,
fr. <i>turba</i> disorder, tumult: cf. F. <i>turbulent</i>. See
<u>Turbid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disturbed; agitated; tumultuous;
roused to violent commotion; as, the <i>turbulent</i> ocean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Calm region once,<BR>
And full of peace, now tossed and <i>turbulent</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to insubordination and disorder;
restless; unquiet; refractory; as, <i>turbulent</i> spirits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sagacious, bold, and <i>turbulent</i> of wit.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Producing commotion; disturbing;
exciting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose heads that <i>turbulent</i> liquor fills with
fumes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Disturbed; agitated; tumultuous; riotous; seditious;
insubordinate; refractory; unquiet.</p>

<p><hw>Tur"bu*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a turbulent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mode of speech
peculiar to the Turks; a Turkish idiom or expression; also, in general, a
Turkish mode or custom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"co*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Turcomans</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A member of a tribe of Turanians inhabiting a
region east of the Caspian Sea.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A Turcoman carpet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Turcoman carpet</b></col> or <col><b>rug</b></col>, <cd>a kind
of carpet or rug supposed to be made by the Turcomans.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Tur`di*for"mes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>turdus</i> a thrush + <i>forma</i> form.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of singing birds including the thrushes and allied
kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tur"dus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a thrush.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of singing birds including the true
thrushes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*reen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>terrine</i>, L.
<i>terra</i> earth. See <u>Terrace</u>.] <def>A large, deep vessel for
holding soup, or other liquid food, at the table.</def> [Written also
<i>terreen</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tu*reen"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tureenfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a tureen can hold;
enough to fill a tureen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turf</hw> (t&ucirc;rf), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Turfs</b></plw> (#), <i>Obs</i>. <plw><b>Turves</b></plw> (#). [AS.
<i>turf</i>; akin to D. <i>turf</i> peat, G. <i>torf</i>, OHG. <i>zurba</i>
turf, Sw. &amp; Icel. <i>torf</i> turf, peat, Dan. <i>t&ouml;rv</i>, Skr.
<i>darbha</i> a kind of grass, a tuft of grass. &radic;242.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That upper stratum of earth and vegetable mold
which is filled with the roots of grass and other small plants, so as to
adhere and form a kind of mat; sward; sod.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At his head a grass-green <i>turf</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Greek historian sets her in the field on a high heap of
<i>turves</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Peat, especially when prepared for fuel. See
<u>Peat</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Race course; horse racing; -- preceded by
<i>the</i>.</def> "We . . . claim the honors of the <i>turf</i>."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Turf</i> is often used adjectively, or to form compounds which
are generally self-explaining; as, <i>turf</i> ashes, <i>turf</i> cutter or
<i>turf</i>-cutter, <i>turf</i> pit or <i>turf</i>-pit, <i>turf</i>-built,
<i>turf</i>-clad, <i>turf</i>-covered, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Turf ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small European ant
(<i>Formica flava</i>) which makes small ant-hills on heaths and
commons.</cd> -- <col><b>Turf drain</b></col>, <cd>a drain made with turf
or peat.</cd> -- <col><b>Turf hedge</b></col>, <cd>a hedge or fence formed
with turf and plants of different kinds.</cd> -- <col><b>Turf
house</b></col>, <cd>a house or shed formed of turf, common in the northern
parts of Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Turf moss</b></col> <cd>a tract of turfy,
mossy, or boggy land.</cd> -- <col><b>Turf spade</b></col>, <cd>a spade for
cutting and digging turf, longer and narrower than the common
spade.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Turf</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Turfed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Turfing</u>.]
<def>To cover with turf or sod; as, to <i>turf</i> a bank, of the border of
a terrace.</def>  <i>A. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Turf"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of turf; covered
with turf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turf"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being turfy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turf"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
providing or covering with turf.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Turfing iron</b></col>, or <col><b>Turfing spade</b></col>,
<cd>an implement for cutting, and paring off, turf.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Turf"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A votary of the turf,
or race course; hence, sometimes, a blackleg.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Turf"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
turf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turf"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Turfmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A turfite; a votary of the turf, or
race course.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Turf"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Turfier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Turfiest</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with turf; made of, or covered with,
turf.</def> "The <i>turfy</i> mountains."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the nature or appearance of
turf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the turf, or horse
racing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>turgens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>turgere</i> to swell.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Rising into a tumor, or a puffy state; swelling; tumid; as,
<i>turgent</i> humors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inflated; bombastic; turgid; pompous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Recompensed with <i>turgent</i> titles.</blockquote>
<i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur*gesce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Turgesced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Turgescing</u> (?).] [L. <i>turgescere</i>, v. incho. fr. <i>turgere</i>
to swell.] <def>To become turgid; to swell or be inflated.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tur*ges"cence</hw> (?), <hw>Tur*ges"cen*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>turgescence</i>. See <u>Turgescent</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of swelling, or the state of being swollen,
or turgescent.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Empty magnificence or pompousness; inflation;
bombast; turgidity.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur*ges"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>turgescens</i>,
<i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>turgescere</i>: cf. F. <i>turgescent</i>. See
<u>Turgesce</u>.] <def>Becoming turgid or inflated; swelling; growing
big.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"gid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>turgidus</i>, from
<i>turgere</i> to swell.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Distended beyond the
natural state by some internal agent or expansive force; swelled; swollen;
bloated; inflated; tumid; -- especially applied to an enlarged part of the
body; as, a <i>turgid</i> limb; <i>turgid</i> fruit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A bladder . . . held near the fire grew
<i>turgid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Swelling in style or language; vainly
ostentatious; bombastic; pompous; as, a <i>turgid</i> style of
speaking.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Tur"gid*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Tur"gid*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tur*gid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being turgid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"gid*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Turgid.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tu"ri*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Turiones</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A shoot or sprout
from the ground.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"ri*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The golden
oriole.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tu"ri*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Turio</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu`ri*o*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>turio</i> a
sprout + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing shoots, as asparagus.</def>
<i>Barton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Turk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>Turk</i>; probably of
Tartar origin: cf. F. <i>Turc</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A member of any
of numerous Tartar tribes of Central Asia, etc.; esp., one of the dominant
race in Turkey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of Turkey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A Mohammedan; esp., one living in
Turkey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is no good reason for a man's religion that he was born
and brought up in it; for then a <i>Turk</i> would have as much reason to
be a <i>Turk</i> as a Christian to be a Christian.</blockquote>
<i>Chillingworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The plum weevil. See
<u>Curculio</u>, and <i>Plum weevil</i>, under <u>Plum</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Turk's cap</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Turk's-cap lily. See under <u>Lily</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
tulip.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A plant of the genus <i>Melocactus</i>;
Turk's head. See <i>Melon cactus</i>, under <u>Melon</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Turk's head</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>A
knot of turbanlike form worked on a rope with a piece of small line.</cd>
<i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Turk's
cap</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> above.</cd> -- <col><b>Turk's turban</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus <i>Ranunculus</i>;
crowfoot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tur"keis</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Turquoise</u>.]
<def>Turkish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"key</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 2d <u>Turkey</u>.]
<def>An empire in the southeast of Europe and southwest of Asia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Turkey carpet</b></col>, <cd>a superior kind of carpet made in
Asia Minor and adjoining countries, having a deep pile and composed of pure
wool with a weft of different material. It is distinguishable by its
coloring and patterns from similar carpets made in India and
elsewhere.</cd> -- <col><b>Turkey oak</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cerris</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Turkey red</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A brilliant red imparted by madder to cottons, calicoes, etc., the
fiber of which has been prepared previously with oil or other fatty
matter.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Cloth dyed with this red.</cd> --
<col><b>Turkey sponge</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Toilet
sponge</i>, under <u>Sponge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Turkey stone</b></col>,
<cd>a kind of oilstone from Turkey; novaculite; -- called also <i>Turkey
oilstone</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tur"key</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Turkeys</b></plw> (#). [So called because it was formerly
erroneously believed that it came originally from <i>Turkey</i>: cf. F.
<i>Turquie</i> Turkey. See <u>Turk</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any large
American gallinaceous bird belonging to the genus <i>Meleagris</i>,
especially the North American wild turkey (<i>Meleagris gallopavo</i>), and
the domestic turkey, which was probably derived from the Mexican wild
turkey, but had been domesticated by the Indians long before the discovery
of America.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Mexican wild turkey is now considered a variety of the
northern species (var. <i>Mexicana</i>). Its tall feathers and coverts are
tipped with white instead of brownish chestnut, and its flesh is white. The
Central American, or ocellated, turkey (<i>M. ocellata</i>) is more
elegantly colored than the common species. See under <u>Ocellated</u>. The
Australian, or native, turkey is a bustard (<i>Choriotis australis</i>).
See under <u>Native</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Turkey beard</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of certain
American perennial liliaceous herbs of the genus <i>Xerophyllum</i>. They
have a dense tuft of hard, narrowly linear radical leaves, and a long
raceme of small whitish flowers. Also called <i>turkey's beard</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Turkey berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian name for
the fruit of certain kinds of nightshade (<i>Solanum mammosum</i>, and
<i>S. torvum</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Turkey bird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the wryneck. So called because it erects and
ruffles the feathers of its neck when disturbed.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Turkey buzzard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a black or nearly
black buzzard (<i>Cathartes aura</i>), abundant in the Southern United
States. It is so called because its naked and warty head and neck resemble
those of a turkey. Its is noted for its high and graceful flight. Called
also <i>turkey vulture</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Turkey cock</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a male turkey.</cd> -- <col><b>Turkey
hen</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a female turkey.</cd> --
<col><b>Turkey pout</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a young turkey.</cd>
[R.] -- <col><b>Turkey vulture</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
turkey buzzard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tur"keys</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Turkish.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Turk"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Turkish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"kis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Turquois.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Turk"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Turkey or the Turks.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language spoken
by Turks, esp. that of the people of Turkey.</def> -- <wf>Turk"ish*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Turk"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Turk"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Turcism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A turtle.</def> [Obs. or
Illiterate]</p>

<p><hw>Turk"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Turkos</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>turco</i>.] <def>One of a body of
native Algerian tirailleurs in the French army, dressed as a Turk.</def>
[Written also <i>Turco</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tur*kois"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Turquoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ko*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Turkomans</b></plw> (&?;). <def>Same as <u>Turcoman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"lu*pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Fr. Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>One of the precursors of the Reformation; -- a nickname
corresponding to <i>Lollard</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>turma</i>.] <def>A troop;
a company.</def> [Obs. or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Legions and cohorts, <i>turms</i> of horse and
wings.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ma*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Tourmaline</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"mer*ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>terre-
m&eacute;rite</i>, NL. <i>terramerita</i>, <i>turmerica</i>; apparently
meaning, excellent earth, but perhaps a corruption of Ar. <i>kurkum</i>.
Cf. <u>Curcuma</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An East Indian plant of the genus
<i>Curcuma</i>, of the Ginger family.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The root or rootstock of the <i>Curcuma
longa</i>. It is externally grayish, but internally of a deep, lively
yellow or saffron color, and has a slight aromatic smell, and a bitterish,
slightly acrid taste. It is used for a dye, a medicine, a condiment, and a
chemical test.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"mer*ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to turmeric; resembling, or obtained from, turmeric; specif.,
designating an acid obtained by the oxidation of turmerol.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Turmeric paper</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>paper impregnated
with turmeric and used as a test for alkaline substances, by which it is
changed from yellow to brown.</cd> -- <col><b>Turmeric root</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Bloodroot.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Orangeroot.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tur"mer*ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Turmeric</i> + L.
<i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Turmeric oil, a brownish yellow,
oily substance extracted from turmeric by ligroin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"moil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of uncertain origin;
perhaps fr. OF. <i>tremouille</i> the hopper of a mill, <i>trembler</i> to
tremble (cf. E. <i>tremble</i>); influenced by E. <i>turn</i> and
<i>moil</i>.] <def>Harassing labor; trouble; molestation by tumult;
disturbance; worrying confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And there I'll rest, as after much <i>turmoil</i>,<BR>
A blessed soul doth in Elysium.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1553 !></p>

<p><hw>Tur*moil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Turmoiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Turmoiling</u>.] <def>To harass with commotion; to disquiet; to
worry.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is her fatal misfortune . . . to be miserably tossed and
<i>turmoiled</i> with these storms of affliction.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur*moil"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be disquieted or
confused; to be in commotion.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Turn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Turned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Turning</u>.] [OE. <i>turnen</i>, <i>tournen</i>, OF. <i>tourner</i>,
<i>torner</i>, <i>turner</i>, F. <i>tourner</i>, LL. <i>tornare</i>, fr. L.
<i>tornare</i> to turn in a lathe, to rounds off, fr. <i>tornus</i> a
lathe, Gr. &?; a turner's chisel, a carpenter's tool for drawing circles;
probably akin to E. <i>throw</i>. See <u>Throw</u>, and cf.
<u>Attorney</u>, <u>Return</u>, <u>Tornado</u>, <u>Tour</u>,
<u>Tournament</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to move upon a center,
or as if upon a center; to give circular motion to; to cause to revolve; to
cause to move round, either partially, wholly, or repeatedly; to make to
change position so as to present other sides in given directions; to make
to face otherwise; as, to <i>turn</i> a wheel or a spindle; to <i>turn</i>
the body or the head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Turn</i> the adamantine spindle round.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The monarch <i>turns</i> him to his royal
guest.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to present a different side uppermost
or outmost; to make the upper side the lower, or the inside to be the
outside of; to reverse the position of; as, to <i>turn</i> a box or a
board; to <i>turn</i> a coat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give another direction, tendency, or
inclination to; to direct otherwise; to deflect; to incline differently; --
used both literally and figuratively; as, to <i>turn</i> the eyes to the
heavens; to <i>turn</i> a horse from the road, or a ship from her course;
to <i>turn</i> the attention to or from something.</def> "Expert when to
advance, or stand, or, <i>turn</i> the sway of battle."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thrice I deluded her, and <i>turned</i> to sport<BR>
Her importunity.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My thoughts are <i>turned</i> on peace.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To change from a given use or office; to divert,
as to another purpose or end; to transfer; to use or employ; to apply; to
devote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore he slew him, and <i>turned</i> the kingdom unto
David.</blockquote> <i>1 Chron. x. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God will make these evils the occasion of a greater good, by
<i>turning</i> them to advantage in this world.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the passage is open, land will be <i>turned</i> most to
cattle; when shut, to sheep.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To change the form, quality, aspect, or effect
of; to alter; to metamorphose; to convert; to transform; -- often with
<i>to or into</i> before the word denoting the effect or product of the
change; as, to <i>turn</i> a worm into a winged insect; to <i>turn</i>
green to blue; to <i>turn</i> prose into verse; to <i>turn</i> a Whig to a
Tory, or a Hindu to a Christian; to <i>turn</i> good to evil, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Lord thy God will <i>turn</i> thy captivity, and have
compassion upon thee.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxx. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And David said, O Lord, I pray thee, <i>turn</i> the counsel
of Ahithophel into foolishness.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. xv. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Impatience <i>turns</i> an ague into a fever.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To form in a lathe; to shape or fashion
(anything) by applying a cutting tool to it while revolving; as, to
<i>turn</i> the legs of stools or tables; to <i>turn</i> ivory or
metal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had rather hear a brazen canstick
<i>turned</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to give form to; to shape; to mold; to
put in proper condition; to adapt.</def> "The poet's pen <i>turns</i> them
to shapes."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His limbs how <i>turned</i>, how broad his shoulders spread
!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was perfectly well <i>turned</i> for trade.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To translate; to construe; as, to <i>turn</i>
the Iliad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>turns</i> a Persian tale for half a
crown.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To make acid or sour; to ferment; to curdle,
etc.: as, to <i>turn</i> cider or wine; electricity <i>turns</i> milk
quickly.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To sicken; to nauseate; as, an emetic
<i>turns</i> one's stomach.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be turned of</b></col>, <cd>be advanced beyond; as, <i>to be
turned of</i> sixty-six.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn a cold shoulder
to</b></col>, <cd>to treat with neglect or indifference.</cd> -- <col><b>To
turn a corner</b></col>, <cd>to go round a corner.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn
adrift</b></col>, <cd>to cast off, to cease to care for.</cd> -- <col><b>To
turn a flange</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>to form a flange on, as around
a metal sheet or boiler plate, by stretching, bending, and hammering, or
rolling the metal.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn against</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To direct against; as, <i>to turn</i> one's
arguments <i>against</i> himself.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To make
unfavorable or hostile to; as, <i>to turn</i> one's friends <i>against</i>
him.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn a hostile army</b></col>, <col><b>To turn the
enemy's flank</b></col>, or the like <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>to pass round it,
and take a position behind it or upon its side.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn a
penny</b></col>, or <col><b>To turn an honest penny</b></col>, <cd>to make
a small profit by trade, or the like.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn around one's
finger</b></col>, <cd>to have complete control of the will and actions of;
to be able to influence at pleasure.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn
aside</b></col>, <cd>to avert.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn away</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To dismiss from service; to discard; as, <i>to turn
away</i> a servant.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To avert; as, <i>to turn
away</i> wrath or evil.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn back</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To give back; to return.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>turn</i> not <i>back</i> the silks upon the
merchants,<BR>
When we have soiled them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to return or retrace one's steps;
hence, to drive away; to repel.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To turn
down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To fold or double down.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To turn over so as to conceal the face of; as,
<i>to turn down</i> cards.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To lower, or reduce
in size, by turning a valve, stopcock, or the like; as, <i>turn down</i>
the lights.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To fold or double under; as, <i>to turn in</i> the edge of cloth.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To direct inwards; as, <i>to turn</i> the toes
<i>in</i> when walking.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To contribute; to
deliver up; as, he <i>turned in</i> a large amount.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To turn in the mind</b></col>, <cd>to revolve, ponder, or meditate
upon; -- with <i>about</i>, <i>over</i>, etc.</cd>  " <i>Turn</i> these
ideas about <i>in</i> your <i>mind</i>." <i>I. Watts.</i> -- <col><b>To
turn off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To dismiss contemptuously; as,
<i>to turn off</i> a sycophant or a parasite.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To give over; to reduce.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To divert; to
deflect; as, <i>to turn off</i> the thoughts from serious subjects; <i>to
turn off</i> a joke.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To accomplish; to
perform, as work.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>To remove, as
a surface, by the process of turning; to reduce in size by turning.</cd>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <cd>To shut off, as a fluid, by means of a valve,
stopcock, or other device; to stop the passage of; as, <i>to turn off</i>
the water or the gas.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn on</b></col>, <cd>to cause to
flow by turning a valve, stopcock, or the like; to give passage to; as,
<i>to turn on</i> steam.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn one's coat</b></col>,
<cd>to change one's uniform or colors; to go over to the opposite
party.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn one's goods</b></col> or
<col><b>money</b></col>, and the like, <cd>to exchange in the course of
trade; to keep in lively exchange or circulation; to gain or increase in
trade.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn one's hand to</b></col>, <cd>to adapt or
apply one's self to; to engage in.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To drive out; to expel; as, <i>to turn</i> a family
<i>out</i> of doors; <i>to turn</i> a man <i>out</i> of office.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>turn</i> you <i>out</i> of my kingdom.</blockquote>
<i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>to put to pasture, as cattle or horses.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To produce, as the result of labor, or any process
of manufacture; to furnish in a completed state.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<cd>To reverse, as a pocket, bag, etc., so as to bring the inside to the
outside; hence, to produce.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To cause to cease,
or to put out, by turning a stopcock, valve, or the like; as, <i>to turn
out</i> the lights.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn over</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To change or reverse the position of; to overset;
to overturn; to cause to roll over.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
transfer; as, <i>to turn over</i> business to another hand.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To read or examine, as a book, while, turning the
leaves.</cd> "We <i>turned o'er</i> many books together." <i>Shak.</i>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To handle in business; to do business to the amount
of; as, he <i>turns over</i> millions a year.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To
turn over a new leaf</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Leaf</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To turn tail</b></col>, <cd>to run away; to retreat
ignominiously.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn the back</b></col>, <cd>to flee; to
retreat.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn the back on</b></col> or
<col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to treat with contempt; to reject or refuse
unceremoniously.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn the corner</b></col>, <cd>to pass
the critical stage; to get by the worst point; hence, to begin to improve,
or to succeed.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn the die</b></col> or
<col><b>dice</b></col>, <cd>to change fortune.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn the
edge</b></col> or <col><b>point of</b></col>, <cd>to bend over the edge or
point of so as to make dull; to blunt.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn the
head</b></col> or <col><b>brain of</b></col>, <cd>to make giddy, wild,
insane, or the like; to infatuate; to overthrow the reason or judgment of;
as, a little success <i>turned his head</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn the
scale</b></col> or <col><b>balance</b></col>, <cd>to change the
preponderance; to decide or determine something doubtful.</cd> --
<col><b>To turn the stomach of</b></col>, <cd>to nauseate; to sicken.</cd>
-- <col><b>To turn the tables</b></col>, <cd>to reverse the chances or
conditions of success or superiority; to give the advantage to the person
or side previously at a disadvantage.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn
tippet</b></col>, <cd>to make a change.</cd> [Obs.] <i>B. Jonson.</i> --
<col><b>To turn to</b></col> <col><b>profit, advantage</b></col>, etc.,
<cd>to make profitable or advantageous.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn
up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To turn so as to bring the bottom
side on top; as, <i>to turn up</i> the trump.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To bring from beneath to the surface, as in plowing, digging, etc.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To give an upward curve to; to tilt; as, <i>to turn
up</i> the nose.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn upon</b></col>, <cd>to retort; to
throw back; as, <i>to turn</i> the arguments of an opponent <i>upon</i>
himself.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn upside down</b></col>, <cd>to confuse by
putting things awry; to throw into disorder.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>This house is <i>turned upside down</i> since Robin Ostler
died.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Turn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
move round; to have a circular motion; to revolve entirely, repeatedly, or
partially; to change position, so as to face differently; to whirl or wheel
round; as, a wheel <i>turns</i> on its axis; a spindle <i>turns</i> on a
pivot; a man <i>turns</i> on his heel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gate . . . on golden hinges <i>turning</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to revolve as if upon a point of support;
to hinge; to depend; as, the decision <i>turns</i> on a single
fact.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conditions of peace certainly <i>turn</i> upon events of
war.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To result or terminate; to come about; to
eventuate; to issue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If we repent seriously, submit contentedly, and serve him
faithfully, afflictions shall <i>turn</i> to our advantage.</blockquote>
<i>Wake.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be deflected; to take a different direction
or tendency; to be directed otherwise; to be differently applied; to be
transferred; as, to <i>turn</i> from the road.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Turn</i> from thy fierce wrath.</blockquote> <i>Ex.
xxxii. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Turn</i> ye, <i>turn</i> ye from your evil
ways.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxxiii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The understanding <i>turns</i> inward on itself, and
reflects on its own operations.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be changed, altered, or transformed; to
become transmuted; also, to become by a change or changes; to grow; as,
wood <i>turns</i> to stone; water <i>turns</i> to ice; one color
<i>turns</i> to another; to <i>turn</i> Mohammedan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I hope you have no intent to <i>turn</i>
husband.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cygnets from gray <i>turn</i> white.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To undergo the process of turning on a lathe;
as, ivory <i>turns</i> well.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To become acid; to sour; -- said of milk, ale,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To become giddy; -- said of the head or
brain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll look no more;<BR>
Lest my brain <i>turn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To be nauseated; -- said of the
stomach.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To become inclined in the other direction; --
said of scales.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>To change from ebb to flow, or from flow to
ebb; -- said of the tide.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Obstetrics)</i> <def>To bring down the feet of a
child in the womb, in order to facilitate delivery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To invert a type of the same
thickness, as temporary substitute for any sort which is
exhausted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To turn about</b></col>, <cd>to face to another quarter; to turn
around.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn again</b></col>, <cd>to come back after
going; to return.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To turn against</b></col>,
<cd>to become unfriendly or hostile to.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn</b></col>
<col><b>aside or away</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To turn from the
direct course; to withdraw from a company; to deviate.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To depart; to remove.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To avert one's face.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn back</b></col>, <cd>to
turn so as to go in an opposite direction; to retrace one's steps.</cd> --
<col><b>To turn in</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To bend inward.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To enter for lodgings or entertainment.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To go to bed.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To turn
into</b></col>, <cd>to enter by making a turn; as, <i>to turn into</i> a
side street.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn off</b></col>, <cd>to be diverted; to
deviate from a course; as, the road <i>turns off</i> to the left.</cd> --
<col><b>To turn on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To turn against; to confront in hostility or anger.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To reply to or retort.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>To depend on; as, the result <i>turns on</i> one condition.</cd> --
<col><b>To turn out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To move from its
place, as a bone.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To bend or point outward;
as, his toes <i>turn out</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To rise from
bed.</cd> [Colloq.] <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To come abroad; to appear; as,
not many <i>turned out</i> to the fire.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To
prove in the result; to issue; to result; as, the crops <i>turned out</i>
poorly.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn over</b></col>, <cd>to turn from side to
side; to roll; to tumble.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn round</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To change position so as to face in another
direction.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To change one's opinion; to change
from one view or party to another.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn to</b></col>,
<cd>to apply one's self to; have recourse to; to refer to.</cd> "Helvicus's
tables may be <i>turned to</i> on all occasions." <i>Locke.</i> --
<col><b>To turn to account</b></col>, <col><b>profit</b></col>,
<col><b>advantage</b></col>, or the like, <cd>to be made profitable or
advantageous; to become worth the while.</cd> -- <col><b>To turn
under</b></col>, <cd>to bend, or be folded, downward or under.</cd> --
<col><b>To turn up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To bend, or be
doubled, upward.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To appear; to come to light;
to transpire; to occur; to happen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Turn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of turning; movement or motion about, or as if about, a center or axis;
revolution; as, the <i>turn</i> of a wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Change of direction, course, or tendency;
different order, position, or aspect of affairs; alteration; vicissitude;
as, the <i>turn</i> of the tide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At length his complaint took a favorable
<i>turn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>turns</i> and varieties of all passions.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Too well the <i>turns</i> of mortal chance I
know.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One of the successive portions of a course, or
of a series of occurrences, reckoning from change to change; hence, a
winding; a bend; a meander.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And all its [the river's] thousand <i>turns</i>
disclose.<BR>
Some fresher beauty varying round.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A circuitous walk, or a walk to and fro, ending
where it began; a short walk; a stroll.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, you and I must walk a <i>turn</i>
together.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will take a <i>turn</i> in your garden.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Successive course; opportunity enjoyed by
alternation with another or with others, or in due order; due chance;
alternate or incidental occasion; appropriate time.</def> "Nobleness and
bounty . . . had their <i>turns</i> in his [the king's] nature."</p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>turn</i> will come to laugh at you
again.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every one has a fair <i>turn</i> to be as great as he
pleases.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Incidental or opportune deed or office;
occasional act of kindness or malice; as, to do one an ill
<i>turn</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had I not done a friendes <i>turn</i> to thee?</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>thanks are half lost when good <i>turns</i> are
delayed.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Convenience; occasion; purpose; exigence; as,
this will not serve his <i>turn</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have enough to serve mine own <i>turn</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Form; cast; shape; manner; fashion; -- used in a
literal or figurative sense; hence, form of expression; mode of signifying;
as, the <i>turn</i> of thought; a man of a sprightly <i>turn</i> in
conversation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>turn</i> of both his expressions and thoughts is
unharmonious.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Roman poets, in their description of a beautiful man,
often mention the <i>turn</i> of his neck and arms.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>A change of condition; especially, a sudden or
recurring symptom of illness, as a nervous shock, or fainting spell; as, a
bad <i>turn</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>A fall off the ladder at the gallows; a
hanging; -- so called from the practice of causing the criminal to stand on
a ladder which was turned over, so throwing him off, when the signal was
given.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <def>A round of a rope or cord in order to secure
it, as about a pin or a cleat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A pit sunk in some part of a
drift.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>13.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A court of record, held by
the sheriff twice a year in every hundred within his county.</def>
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>14.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Monthly courses;
menses.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>15.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An embellishment or grace (marked
thus, &?;), commonly consisting of the principal note, or that on which the
turn is made, with the note above, and the semitone below, the note above
being sounded first, the principal note next, and the semitone below last,
the three being performed quickly, as a triplet preceding the marked note.
The turn may be inverted so as to begin with the lower note, in which case
the sign is either placed on end thus &?;, or drawn thus &?;.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By turns</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One after another;
alternately; in succession.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>At intervals.</cd>
"[They] feel <i>by turns</i> the bitter change." <i>Milton.</i> --
<col><b>In turn</b></col>, <cd>in due order of succession.</cd> --
<col><b>To a turn</b></col>, <cd>exactly; perfectly; as, done <i>to a
turn</i>; -- a phrase alluding to the practice of cooking on a revolving
spit.</cd> -- <col><b>To take turns</b></col>, <cd>to alternate; to succeed
one another in due order.</cd> -- <col><b>Turn and turn about</b></col>,
<cd>by equal alternating periods of service or duty; by turns.</cd> --
<col><b>Turn bench</b></col>, <cd>a simple portable lathe, used on a bench
by clock makers and watchmakers.</cd> -- <col><b>Turn buckle</b></col>.
<cd>See <u>Turnbuckle</u>, in Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Turn
cap</b></col>, <cd>a sort of chimney cap which turns round with the wind so
as to present its opening to the leeward.</cd> <i>G. Francis.</i> --
<col><b>Turn of life</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>change of life. See under
<u>Change</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Turn screw</b></col>, <cd>a screw
driver.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Turn"broach`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A turnspit.</def>
[Obs.] " One that was her <i>turnbroach</i>."  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Turn"-buc`kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A loop or sleeve with a screw thread at one end
and a swivel at the other, -- used for tightening a rod, stay, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A gravitating catch, as for fastening a shutter,
the end of a chain, or a hasp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"bull's blue`</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The double cyanide
of ferrous and ferric iron, a dark blue amorphous substance having a
coppery luster, used in dyeing, calico printing, etc.  Cf. <i>Prussian
blue</i>, under <u>Prussian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"coat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who forsakes his
party or his principles; a renegade; an apostate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is a <i>turncoat</i>, he was not true to his
profession.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"nep</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Turnip</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Turn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who turns; especially, one whose occupation is to form articles with a
lathe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A variety of pigeon; a
tumbler.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tur"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>A person who
practices athletic or gymnastic exercises.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ner*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from the
English chemist and mineralogist, C. H. <i>Turner</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A variety of monazite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>tournerie</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of fashioning solid bodies into cylindrical
or other forms by means of a lathe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Things or forms made by a turner, or in the
lathe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chairs of wood, the seats triangular, the backs, arms, and
legs loaded with <i>turnery</i>.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1554 !></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ney</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Tourney.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> "In open <i>turney</i>."  <i>Spenser.
Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Turn"hal`le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., from <i>turnen</i>
to exercise gymnastics + <i>halle</i> hall.] <def>A building used as a
school of gymnastics.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tur`ni*ci*mor"ph&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.
See <u>Turnix</u>, and <u>-morphous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
division of birds including Turnix and allied genera, resembling quails in
appearance but differing from them anatomically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who, or that which, turns; also, a winding; a bending course; a
fiexure; a meander.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through paths and <i>turnings</i> often trod by
day.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The place of a turn; an angle or corner, as of a
road.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is preached at every <i>turning</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Deviation from the way or proper course.</def>
<i>Harmar.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Turnery, or the shaping of solid substances into
various by means of a lathe and cutting tools.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The pieces, or chips, detached in the
process of turning from the material turned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A maneuver by which an enemy or a
position is turned.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Turning and boring mill</b></col>, <cd>a kind of lathe having a
vertical spindle and horizontal face plate, for turning and boring large
work.</cd> -- <col><b>Turning bridge</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Drawbridge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Turning engine</b></col>, <cd>an engine
lathe.</cd> -- <col><b>Turning lathe</b></col>, <cd>a lathe used by turners
to shape their work.</cd> -- <col><b>Turning pair</b></col>. <cd>See the
Note under <u>Pair</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Turning
point</b></col>, <cd>the point upon which a question turns, and which
decides a case.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Turn"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
turning; instability; tergiversation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"nip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>turnep</i>; probably
fr. <i>turn</i>, or F. <i>tour</i> a turn, turning lathe + OE. <i>nepe</i>
a turnip, AS. <i>n&aemacr;pe</i>, L. <i>napus</i>.  Cf.
<u>Turn</u>,<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Navew</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
edible, fleshy, roundish, or somewhat conical, root of a cruciferous plant
(<i>Brassica campestris</i>, <i>var.</i> <i>Napus</i>); also, the plant
itself.</def> [Formerly written also <i>turnep</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Swedish turnip</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of turnip.
See <u>Ruta-baga</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Turnip flea</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small flea-beetle (<i>Haltica, or Phyllotreta,
striolata</i>), which feeds upon the turnip, and often seriously injures
it. It is black with a stripe of yellow on each elytron. The name is also
applied to several other small insects which are injurious to turnips. See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Flea-beetle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Turnip
fly</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The turnip
flea.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A two-winged fly (<i>Anthomyia
radicum</i>) whose larv&aelig; live in the turnip root.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tur"nip-shell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several large, thick, spiral marine shells belonging to
<i>Rapa</i> and allied genera, somewhat turnip-shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"nix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>coturnix</i>
a quail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of birds
belonging to <i>Turnix</i> or <i>Hemipodius</i> and allied genera of the
family <i>Turnicid&aelig;</i>. These birds resemble quails and partridges
in general appearance and in some of their habits, but differ in important
anatomical characteristics. The hind toe is usually lacking. They are found
in Asia, Africa, Southern Europe, the East Indian Islands, and esp. in
Australia and adjacent islands, where they are called <i>quails</i> (see
<u>Quail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.). See
<u>Turnicimorph&aelig;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"key`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Turnkeys</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person who has charge of the keys of a prison,
for opening and fastening the doors; a warder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Dentistry)</i> <def>An instrument with a hinged
claw, -- used for extracting teeth with a twist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"-out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Turn-
outs</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of coming forth; a
leaving of houses, shops, etc.; esp., a quitting of employment for the
purpose of forcing increase of wages; a strike; -- opposed to
<i>lockout</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A short side track on a railroad, which may be
occupied by one train while another is passing on a main track; a shunt; a
siding; a switch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is prominently brought forward or
exhibited; hence, an equipage; as, a man with a showy carriage and horses
is said to have a fine <i>turn-out</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The aggregate number of persons who have come
out, as from their houses, for a special purpose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Net quantity of produce yielded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"o`ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or result of turning over; an upset; as, a bad <i>turnover</i>
in a carriage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A semicircular pie or tart made by turning one
half of a circular crust over the other, inclosing the fruit or other
materials.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An apprentice, in any trade, who is handed over
from one master to another to complete his time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"o`ver</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting of being turned
over; made to be turned over; as, a <i>turnover</i> collar, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"pike`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Turn</i> +
<i>pike</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A frame consisting of two bars
crossing each other at right angles and turning on a post or pin, to hinder
the passage of beasts, but admitting a person to pass between the arms; a
turnstile. See <u>Turnstile</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I move upon my axle like a <i>turnpike</i>.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A gate or bar set across a road to stop
carriages, animals, and sometimes people, till toll is paid for keeping the
road in repair; a tollgate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A turnpike road.</def>  <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A winding stairway.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A beam filled with spikes to
obstruct passage; a cheval-de-frise.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Turnpike man</b></col>, <cd>a man who collects tolls at a
turnpike.</cd> -- <col><b>Turnpike road</b></col>, <cd>a road on which
turnpikes, or tollgates, are established by law, in order to collect from
the users tolls to defray the cost of building, repairing, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Turn"pike`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Turnpiked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Turnpiking</u>.] <def>To form, as a road, in the manner of a turnpike
road; into a rounded form, as the path of a road.</def>
<i>Knowles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Turn"plate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
turntable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"-sick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giddy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Turn"-sick`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(For.)</i> <def>A disease
with which sheep are sometimes affected; gid; sturdy. See
<u>Gid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"sole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tournesol</i>, It.
<i>tornasole</i>; <i>tornare</i> to turn (LL. <i>tornare</i>) + <i>sole</i>
the sun, L. <i>sol</i>. See <u>Turn</u>, <u>Solar</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Heliotrope</u>.] [Written also
<i>turnsol</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A plant of the genus <i>Heliotropium</i>; heliotrope; -- so named
because its flowers are supposed to turn toward the sun.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sunflower.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
kind of spurge (<i>Euphorbia Helioscopia</i>).</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>The euphorbiaceous plant <i>Chrozophora tinctoria</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Litmus.</def>
[Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A purple dye obtained from the plant
turnsole. See def. 1 <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"spit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who turns a spit; hence, a person engaged in some menial
office.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His lordship is his majesty's <i>turnspit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small breed of dogs having
a long body and short crooked legs. These dogs were formerly much used for
turning a spit on which meat was roasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"stile`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
revolving frame in a footpath, preventing the passage of horses or cattle,
but admitting that of persons; a turnpike. See <u>Turnpike</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A similar arrangement for registering the number
of persons passing through a gateway, doorway, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of limicoline birds of the genera <i>Strepsilas</i> and
<i>Arenaria</i>, allied to the plovers, especially the common American and
European species (<i>Strepsilas interpres</i>). They are so called from
their habit of turning up small stones in search of mollusks and other
aquatic animals. Called also <i>brant bird</i>, <i>sand runner</i>, <i>sea
quail</i>, <i>sea lark</i>, <i>sparkback</i>, and
<i>skirlcrake</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black turnstone</b></col>, <cd>the California turnstone
(<i>Arenaria melanocephala</i>). The adult in summer is mostly black,
except some white streaks on the chest and forehead, and two white loral
spots.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Turn"ta`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large revolving
platform, for turning railroad cars, locomotives, etc., in a different
direction; -- called also <i>turnplate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tur"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>Turnus</i>,
the king of the Rutuli, mentioned in the &AElig;neid.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A common, large, handsome, American swallowtail butterfly, now
regarded as one of the forms of <i>Papilio, or Jasoniades, glaucus</i>. The
wings are yellow, margined and barred with black, and with an orange-red
spot near the posterior angle of the hind wings. Called also <i>tiger
swallowtail</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Swallowtail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Turn"ve*rein`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., from
<i>turnen</i> to exercise + <i>verein</i> a union.] <def>A company or
association of gymnasts and athletes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turn"wrest`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Designating a cumbersome style of plow used in England, esp. in
Kent.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>designating a kind of hillside
plow.</def> [Eng.]  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu*ro"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>One
of the subdivisions into which the Upper Cretaceous formation of Europe is
divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"pen*tine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>t&eacute;r&eacute;bentine</i>, OF. also <i>turbentine</i>; cf. Pr.
<i>terebentina</i>, <i>terbentina</i>, It. <i>terebentina</i>,
<i>trementina</i>; fr. L. <i>terebinthinus</i> of the turpentine tree, from
<i>terebinthus</i> the turpentine tree. Gr. &?;, &?;. See
<u>Terebinth</u>.] <def>A semifluid or fluid oleoresin, primarily the
exudation of the terebinth, or turpentine, tree (<i>Pistacia
Terebinthus</i>), a native of the Mediterranean region. It is also obtained
from many coniferous trees, especially species of pine, larch, and
fir.</def></p>

<p>&fist; There are many varieties of <i>turpentine</i>. Chian turpentine
is produced in small quantities by the turpentine tree (<i>Pistacia
Terebinthus</i>). Venice, Swiss, or larch turpentine, is obtained from
<i>Larix Europ&aelig;a</i>. It is a clear, colorless balsam, having a
tendency to solidify. Canada turpentine, or Canada balsam, is the purest of
all the pine turpentines (see under <u>Balsam</u>). The Carpathian and
Hungarian varieties are derived from <i>Pinus Cembra</i> and <i>Pinus
Mugho</i>. Carolina turpentine, the most abundant kind, comes from the
long-leaved pine (<i>Pinus palustris</i>). Strasburg turpentine is from the
silver fir (<i>Abies pectinata</i>).</p>

<p><col><b>Oil of turpentine</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a colorless oily
hydrocarbon, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>16</sub>, of a pleasant aromatic odor,
obtained by the distillation of crude turpentine. It is used in making
varnishes, in medicine, etc. It is the type of the terpenes and is related
to cymene. Called also <i>terebenthene</i>, <i>terpene</i>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Turpentine moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of small tortricid moths whose larv&aelig; eat the tender
shoots of pine and fir trees, causing an exudation of pitch or resin.</cd>
-- <col><b>Turpentine tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the terebinth tree,
the original source of turpentine. See <u>Turpentine</u>, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tur"peth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>turpethum</i>, fr.
Per. <i>tirbid</i> a cathartic, <i>turbad</i> a purgative root.  Cf.
<u>Turbith</u>.] [Written also <i>turbeth</i>, and <i>turbith</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The root of <i>Ipom&oelig;a
Turpethum</i>, a plant of Ceylon, Malabar, and Australia, formerly used in
medicine as a purgative; -- sometimes called <i>vegetable
turpeth</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A heavy yellow powder,
Hg<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, which consists of a basic
mercuric sulphate; -- called also <i>turpeth mineral</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
land tortoise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tur"pi*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>turpitudo</i>,
from <i>turpis</i> foul, base.] <def>Inherent baseness or vileness of
principle, words, or actions; shameful wickedness; depravity.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tur*quoise"</hw>, <hw>Tur*quois"</hw>  } (?; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>turquoise</i>; cf. Pr. &amp; Sp. <i>turquesa</i>,
It. <i>turchese</i>, <i>turchina</i>, LL. <i>turchesius</i>,
<i>turchina</i>; -- so called because first brought from <i>Turkey</i>. See
1st <u>Turkey</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous phosphate of alumina
containing a little copper; calaite. It has a blue, or bluish green, color,
and usually occurs in reniform masses with a botryoidal surface.</def>
[Formerly written also <i>turcois</i>, and <i>turkois</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; Turquoise is susceptible of a high polish, and when of a bright
blue color is much esteemed as a gem. The finest specimens come from
Persia. It is also found in New Mexico and Arizona, and is regarded as
identical with the <i>chalchihuitl</i> of the Mexicans.</p>

<p><hw>Tur*quoise"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a fine light blue
color, like that of choice mineral turquoise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>touroul</i> a
little wooden instrument to fasten doors or windows.] <def>A certain tool
used by coopers.</def>  <i>Sherwood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>touret</i>, OF.
<i>tourette</i>, dim. of <i>tour</i> a tower, L. <i>turris</i>. See
<u>Tower</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A little tower, frequently a
merely ornamental structure at one of the angles of a larger
structure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Mil.)</i> <def>A movable building, of a
square form, consisting of ten or even twenty stories and sometimes one
hundred and twenty cubits high, usually moved on wheels, and employed in
approaching a fortified place, for carrying soldiers, engines, ladders,
casting bridges, and other necessaries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A revolving tower constructed of
thick iron plates, within which cannon are mounted. Turrets are used on
vessels of war and on land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>The elevated central portion
of the roof of a passenger car. Its sides are pierced for light and
ventilation.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Turret clock</b></col>, <cd>a large clock adapted for an
elevated position, as in the tower of a church.</cd> -- <col><b>Turret
head</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a vertical cylindrical revolving tool
holder for bringing different tools into action successively in a machine,
as in a lathe.</cd> -- <col><b>Turret lathe</b></col>, <cd>a turning lathe
having a turret head.</cd> -- <col><b>Turret ship</b></col>, <cd>an
ironclad war vessel, with low sides, on which heavy guns are mounted within
one or more iron turrets, which may be rotated, so that the guns may be
made to bear in any required direction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ret*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with a turret or turrets; specifically <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
having the whorls somewhat flattened on the upper side and often ornamented
by spines or tubercles; -- said of certain spiral shells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formed like a tower; as, a <i>turreted</i>
lamp.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ri*bant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Turban</u>.]
<def>A turban.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With hundred turrets like a <i>turribant</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
turret, or tower; resembling a tower.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tur*ric"u*late</hw> (?), <hw>Tur*ric"u*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>turricula</i> small tower, turret.]
<def>Furnished with, or formed like, a small turret or turrets; somewhat
turreted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ri*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>turris</i> tower +
Gr. &?; stone: cf. F. <i>turrilite</i>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Any fossil
ammonite of the genus <i>Turrilites</i>. The shell forms an open spiral
with the later whorls separate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur`ri*tel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim fr. L.
<i>turris</i> tower.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any spiral marine gastropod
belonging to <i>Turritella</i> and allied genera. These mollusks have an
elongated, turreted shell, composed of many whorls. They have a rounded
aperture, and a horny multispiral operculum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur`ri*tel"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Turritella</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling,
the turritellas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>turtle</i>, L.
<i>turtur</i>; probably of imitative origin.  Cf. <u>Turtle</u> the sea
tortoise.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The turtledove.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably the same word as the
word preceding, and substituted (probably by sailors) for the Spanish or
Portuguese name; cf. Sp. <i>tortuga</i> tortoise, turtle, Pg.
<i>tartaruga</i>, also F. <i>tortue</i>, and E. <i>tortoise</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 1555 !></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the numerous
species of Testudinata, especially a sea turtle, or chelonian.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States the land and fresh-water tortoises are also
called turtles.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Printing)</i> <def>The curved plate in which the
form is held in a type-revolving cylinder press.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Alligator turtle</b></col>, <col><b>Box turtle</b></col>,
<cd>etc. See under <u>Alligator</u>, <u>Box</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>green
turtle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a marine turtle of the genus
<i>Chelonia</i>, having usually a smooth greenish or olive-colored shell.
It is highly valued for the delicacy of its flesh, which is used especially
for turtle soup. Two distinct species or varieties are known; one of which
(<i>Chelonia Midas</i>) inhabits the warm part of the Atlantic Ocean, and
sometimes weighs eight hundred pounds or more; the other (<i>C.
virgata</i>) inhabits the Pacific Ocean. Both species are similar in habits
and feed principally on seaweed and other marine plants, especially the
turtle grass.</cd> -- <col><b>Turtle cowrie</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a large, handsome cowrie (<i>Cypr&aelig;a testudinaria</i>); the
turtle-shell; so called because of its fancied resemblance to a tortoise in
color and form.</cd> -- <col><b>Turtle grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
marine plant (<i>Thalassia testudinum</i>) with grasslike leaves, common
about the West Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Turtle shell</b></col>, <cd>tortoise
shell. See under <u>Tortoise</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tur"tle*dove`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1ts
<u>Turtle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of pigeons belonging to <i>Turtur</i> and allied genera, native of various
parts of the Old World; especially, the common European species (<i>Turtur
vulgaris</i>), which is noted for its plaintive note, affectionate
disposition, and devotion to its mate.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The South African turtledove (<i>T. albiventris</i>), and the
ashy turtledove of India (<i>T. rubicolus</i>), are similar to the European
species in their habits.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of pigeons more or less resembling the true turtledoves, as the American
mourning dove (see under <u>Dove</u>), and the Australian turtledove
(<i>Stictopelia cuneata</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The turtledove of the Scriptures is probably <i>Turtur
risorius</i>, a species which is still plentiful in Egypt and other Eastern
countries. It is closely allied to the European turtledove.</p>

<p><hw>Tur"tle-foot`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slow-
footed.</def> [R.] "<i>Turtle-footed</i> Peace."  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"tle*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
American perennial herb (<i>Chelone glabra</i>) having white flowers shaped
like the head of a turtle. Called also <i>snakehead</i>, <i>shell
flower</i>, and <i>balmony</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who catches turtles
or tortoises.</def> "The Jamaica <i>turtlers</i>."  <i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"tle-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The turtle
cowrie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"tling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act, practice, or
art of catching turtles.</def>  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Turves</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of
<u>Turf</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tus"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Tyscanus</i>,
<i>Tuscus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Tuscany in Italy; -- specifically
designating one of the five orders of architecture recognized and described
by the Italian writers of the 16th century, or characteristic of the order.
The original of this order was not used by the Greeks, but by the Romans
under the Empire. See <u>Order</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Capital</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tus"can</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Tuscany.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tus`ca*ro"ras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Tuscarora</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
North American Indians formerly living on the Neuse and Tar rivers in North
Carolina. They were conquered in 1713, after which the remnant of the tribe
joined the Five Nations, thus forming the Six Nations. See <i>Six
Nations</i>, under <u>Six</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tus"cor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tusk</u>.] <def>A
tush of a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tush</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An exclamation
indicating check, rebuke, or contempt; as, <i>tush</i>, <i>tush</i>! do not
speak of it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tush</i>, say they, how should God perceive
it?</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer (Ps. lxxiii. 11).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tush</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tusch</i>, AS. <i>tusc</i>;
akin to OFries. <i>tusk</i>, <i>tusch</i>, and probably to AS.
<i>t&omacr;&eth;</i> tooth. See <u>Tooth</u>, and cf. <u>Tusk</u>.] <def>A
long, pointed tooth; a tusk; -- applied especially to certain teeth of
horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tusk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Torsk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tusk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tusk</i>, the same word as
<i>tusch</i>, AS. <i>tusc</i>. See <u>Tush</u> a tooth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the elongated incisor or canine teeth of
the wild boar, elephant, etc.; hence, any long, protruding tooth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A toothshell, or Dentalium;
-- called also <i>tusk-shell</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A projecting member like a tenon,
and serving the same or a similar purpose, but composed of several steps,
or offsets. Thus, in the illustration, <i>a</i> is the <i>tusk</i>, and
each of the several parts, or offsets, is called a <i>tooth</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tusk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bare or gnash the
teeth.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tusked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
tusks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tusked</i> boar out of the wood.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tusk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
elephant having large tusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tusk"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See 2d <u>Tusk</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tusk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having tusks.</def> "The
scar indented by the <i>tusky</i> oar."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tus"sac grass`</hw> (?). <def>Tussock grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tus"sah silk`</hw> (?). [Probably fr. Hind. <i>tasar</i> a shuttle,
Skr. <i>tasara</i>, <i>trasara</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A silk cloth
made from the cocoons of a caterpillar other than the common silkworm, much
used in Bengal and China.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The silk fiber
itself.</def> [Written also <i>tusseh silk</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tus*sic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tussicularis</i>, fr. <i>tussicula</i>, dim. of <i>tussis</i> a cough.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a cough.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tus"sle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [See <u>Tousle</u>.]
<def>To struggle, as in sport; to scuffle; to struggle with.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tus"sle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A struggle; a scuffle.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tus"sock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Tuz</u>.] [Written
also <i>tussuck</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tuft, as of grass, twigs,
hair, or the like; especially, a dense tuft or bunch of grass or
sedge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such laying of the hair in <i>tussocks</i> and
tufts.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <i>Tussock grass</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A caterpillar of any one of
numerous species of bombycid moths. The body of these caterpillars is
covered with hairs which form long tufts or brushes. Some species are very
injurious to shade and fruit trees. Called also <i>tussock caterpillar</i>.
See <u>Orgyia</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tussock grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
tall, strong grass of the genus <i>Dactylis</i> (<i>D.
c&aelig;spitosa</i>), valuable for fodder, introduced into Scotland from
the Falkland Islands.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A tufted grass (<i>Aira
c&aelig;spitosa</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Any kind of sedge
(<i>Carex</i>) which forms dense tufts in a wet meadow or boggy place.</cd>
-- <col><b>Tussock moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the imago of any
tussock caterpillar. They belong to <i>Orgyia</i>, <i>Halecidota</i>, and
allied genera.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tus"sock*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form of
tussocks; full of, or covered with, tussocks, or tufts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tus"suck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tussock</u>.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tut</hw> (?). <def>Be still; hush; -- an exclamation used for
checking or rebuking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tut</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>tut</i> a point, pipe,
tube, Dan. <i>tut</i> a cornet.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An imperial ensign
consisting of a golden globe with a cross on it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hassock.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tu"te*lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tutela</i>
protection, fr. <i>tutus</i> safe, fr. <i>tueri</i> to watch, defend.  Cf.
<u>Tuition</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of guarding or protecting; guardianship;
protection; as, the king's right of seigniory and
<i>tutelage</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The childhood of the European nations was passed under the
<i>tutelage</i> of the clergy.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being under a guardian; care or
protection enjoyed.</def>  <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tu"te*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Tu"te*la*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tutelaris</i>: cf. F. <i>tut&eacute;laire</i>.
See <u>Tutelage</u>.] <def>Having the guardianship or charge of protecting
a person or a thing; guardian; protecting; as, <i>tutelary</i>
goddesses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This, of all advantages, is the greatest . . . the most
<i>tutelary</i> of morals.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"tele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tutela</i>: cf. F.
<i>tutelle</i>. See <u>Tutelage</u>.] <def>Tutelage.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"te*nag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>toutenague</i>; cf.
Pg. <i>tutenaga</i>, <i>tutanaga</i>. See <u>Tutty</u>.] <i>(Metal.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Crude zinc.</def> [India] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Packfong.</def> [Written also <i>tutenague</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tut"-mouthed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
projecting under jaw; prognathous.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tut"-nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A snub nose.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tu"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tutour</i>, L.
<i>tutor</i>, fr. <i>tueri</i> to watch, defend: cf. F. <i>tuteur</i>.  Cf.
<u>Tuition</u>.] <def>One who guards, protects, watches over, or has the
care of, some person or thing.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A treasurer; a keeper.</def> "<i>Tutour</i> of
your treasure."  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Civ. Law)</i> <def>One who has the charge of a
child or pupil and his estate; a guardian.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A private or public teacher.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Eng. Universities)</i> <def>An officer or member
of some hall, who instructs students, and is responsible for their
discipline.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Am. Colleges)</i> <def>An instructor of a lower
rank than a professor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"tor</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Tutored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tutoring</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have the guardianship or care of; to teach; to
instruct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their sons are well <i>tutored</i> by you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To play the tutor toward; to treat with
authority or severity.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"tor*age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
occupation of a tutor; tutorship; guardianship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"tor*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who performs
the duties of a tutor; an instructress.</def>  <i>E. Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tutorius</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a tutor; belonging to, or exercised by, a
tutor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"tor*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tutorship.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Tu"tor*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To teach; to
instruct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . shall <i>tutorize</i> him some day.</blockquote>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"tor*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office, duty, or
care of a tutor; guardianship; tutelage.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"tor*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tutorage.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tutoress.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See <u>Tutor</u>.] <def>A
female guardian; a tutoress.</def> [R.]  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tut"san</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>toutesaine</i>;
<i>tout</i>, <i>toule</i>, all (L. <i>totus</i>) + <i>sain</i>,
<i>saine</i>, sound, healthy, L. <i>sanus</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant
of the genus <i>Hypericum</i> (<i>H. Andros&oelig;mum</i>), from which a
healing ointment is prepared in Spain; -- called also
<i>parkleaves</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tut"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>totus</i>, pl. <i>toti</i>, all.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>All; -- a direction
for all the singers or players to perform together.</def>  <i>Moore (Encyc.
of Music).</i></p>

<p><hw>Tut"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tutie</i>; cf. Sp.
<i>tutia</i>, <i>atutia</i>, LL. <i>tutia</i>; all from Per.
<i>t&umacr;tiy&amacr;</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow or brown amorphous
substance obtained as a sublimation product in the flues of smelting
furnaces of zinc, and consisting of a crude zinc oxide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tut"-work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Work
done by the piece, as in nonmetaliferous rock, the amount done being
usually reckoned by the fathom.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tut"-work`man</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Tut-
workmen</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Mining)</i> <def>One who does tut-work.</def>
<i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tu-whit"</hw> (?), <hw>Tu-whoo"</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n. &
interj.</i></pos> <def>Words imitative of the notes of the owl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>tu-whits</i> are lulled, I wot,<BR>
Thy <i>tu-whoos</i> of yesternight.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tu`y&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; akin to
<i>tuyau</i> a pipe; of Teutonic origin.  Cf. <u>Tweer</u>, <u>Tewel</u>.]
<def>A nozzle, mouthpiece, or fixture through which the blast is delivered
to the interior of a blast furnace, or to the fire of a forge.</def>
[Corruptly written also <i>tweer</i>, and <i>twier</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Tuy&egrave;re arch</b></col>, <cd>the embrasure, in the wall of
a blast furnace through which the tuy&egrave;re enters.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tuz</hw> (t&ubreve;z), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>tusw</i> a
wisp, a bunch, <i>tus</i> that binds or wraps, <i>tusiaw</i> to bind round,
to wrap.  Cf. <u>Tussock</u>.] <def>A lock or tuft of hair.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tu"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
tucan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Twattle</u>.] <def>To talk in a weak and silly manner, like one whose
faculties are decayed; to prate; to prattle.</def>  <i>Stanyhurst.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Silly talk; gabble;
fustian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have put in this chapter on fighting . . . because of the
cant and <i>twaddle</i> that's talked of boxing and fighting with fists
now-a-days.</blockquote> <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twad"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who prates in a
weak and silly manner, like one whose faculties are decayed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twad"dling</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Twaddle</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Twad"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Idle trifling;
twaddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twag"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lamb.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Twain</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>twein</i>,
<i>tweien</i>, <i>tweyne</i>, AS. <i>tw&emacr;gen</i>, masc. See
<u>Two</u>.] <def>Two; -- nearly obsolete in common discourse, but used in
poetry and burlesque.</def> "Children <i>twain</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And whosoever shall compel thee to go a mile, go with him
<i>twain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 41.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In twain</b></col>, <cd>in halves; into two parts;
asunder.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>When old winder split the rocks in
<i>twain</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Twain cloud</b></col>. <i>(Meteor.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Cumulo-stratus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Twaite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A European shad; -- called also <i>twaite shad</i>. See
<u>Shad</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twaite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A piece
of cleared ground. See <u>Thwaite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tang. See <u>Tang</u> a
state.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Twang</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Twanged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Twanging</u>.] [Of imitative origin; cf. <u>Tang</u> a sharp sound,
<u>Tinkle</u>.] <def>To sound with a quick, harsh noise; to make the sound
of a tense string pulled and suddenly let go; as, the bowstring
<i>twanged</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twang</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make to sound, as by
pulling a tense string and letting it go suddenly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sounds the tough horn, and <i>twangs</i> the quivering
string.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A harsh,
quick sound, like that made by a stretched string when pulled and suddenly
let go; as, the <i>twang</i> of a bowstring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An affected modulation of the voice; a kind of
nasal sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He has such a <i>twang</i> in his discourse.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twan"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To
twang.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While the <i>twangling</i> violin<BR>
Struck up with Soldier-laddie.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twank</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to make a
sharp twanging sound; to twang, or twangle.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twan"kay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See Note under
<u>Tea</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>'T was</hw> (?). <def>A contraction of <i>it was</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twat"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tattle</u>,
<u>Twaddle</u>.] <def>To prate; to talk much and idly; to gabble; to
chatter; to twaddle; as, a <i>twattling</i> gossip.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twat"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make much of, as a
domestic animal; to pet.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twat"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of prating; idle talk;
twaddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twat"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who twattles; a
twaddler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tway</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>twei</i>. See
<u>Twain</u>.] <def>Two; twain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tway"blade`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
one of several orchidaceous plants which have only two leaves, as the
species of <i>Listera</i> and of <i>Liparis</i>.</def> [Written also
<i>twyblade</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tweag</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tweak.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Tweag</hw>, <hw>Tweague</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
pinching condition; perplexity; trouble; distress.</def> [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This put the old fellow in a rare
<i>tweague</i>.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tweak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>twikken</i>,
originally the same word as <i>twicchen</i>; cf. LG. <i>twikken</i>. See
<u>Twitch</u>.] <def>To pinch and pull with a sudden jerk and twist; to
twitch; as, to <i>tweak</i> the nose.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tweak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sharp
pinch or jerk; a twist or twitch; as, a <i>tweak</i> of the nose.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Trouble; distress; tweag.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A prostitute.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Brathwait.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tweed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably a corruption of
<i>twills</i>. See <u>Twill</u>.] <def>A soft and flexible fabric for men's
wear, made wholly of wool except in some inferior kinds, the wool being
dyed, usually in two colors, before weaving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twee"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Twiddle</u>.]
[Written also <i>twidle</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To handle lightly; --
said with reference to awkward fiddling; hence, to influence as if by
fiddling; to coax; to allure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fiddler brought in with him a body of lusty young fellows,
whom he had <i>tweedled</i> into the service.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To twist.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tweel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Twill</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tweer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Tuy&egrave;re</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1556 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tweese</hw>, <hw>Tweeze</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>tweeze</i>, <i>tweese</i>, fr. F. <i>&eacute;tuis</i>, pl. of
<i>&eacute;tui</i> a case, sheath, box; probably of Teutonic origin; cf.
MNG. <i>stuche</i> a wide sleeve in which articles could be carried, OHG.
<i>st&umacr;hha</i>, G. <i>stauche</i> a short and narrow muff. Cf
<u>Etui</u>, <u>Tweezers</u>.] <def>A surgeon's case of instruments.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twee"zers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See <u>Tweese</u>.]
<def>Small pinchers used to pluck out hairs, and for other
purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twelfth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>twelft</i>, OE.
<i>twelfte</i>, AS. <i>twelfta</i>. See <u>Twelve</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Next in order after the eleventh; coming after eleven others; -- the
ordinal of <i>twelve</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting, or being one of, twelve equal parts
into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twelfth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quotient of a unit divided by twelve; one of twelve equal parts of one
whole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The next in order after the eleventh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An interval comprising an octave
and a fifth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twelfth"-cake`</hw> (-k&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
ornamented cake distributed among friends or visitors on the festival of
Twelfth-night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twelfth"-day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Twelfthtide</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twelfth"-night`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The evening of
Epiphany, or the twelfth day after Christmas, observed as a festival by
various churches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twelfth"-sec`ond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>A unit for the measurement of small intervals of time, such that
10<sup>12</sup> (ten trillion) of these units make one second.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twelfth"tide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The twelfth day
after Christmas; Epiphany; -- called also <i>Twelfth-day</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twelve</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>twelve</i>,
<i>twelf</i>, AS. <i>twelf</i>; akin to OFries. <i>twelf</i>,
<i>twelef</i>, <i>twilif</i>, OS. <i>twelif</i>, D. <i>twaalf</i>, G.
<i>zw&ouml;lf</i>, OHG. <i>zwelif</i>, Icel. <i>t&?;lf</i>, Sw.
<i>tolf</i>, Dan. <i>tolv</i>, Goth. <i>twalif</i>, from the root of E.
<i>two</i> + the same element as in the second part of E. <i>eleven</i>.
See <u>Two</u>, and <u>Eleven</u>.] <def>One more that eleven; two and ten;
twice six; a dozen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Twelve-men's morris</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Morris</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Twelve Tables</b></col>. <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Table</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Twelve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The number
next following eleven; the sum of ten and two, or of twice six; twelve
units or objects; a dozen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing twelve units, as 12, or
xii.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Twelve</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>the twelve
apostles.</cd>  <i>Matt. xxvi. 20.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twelve"mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Duodecimo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twelve"month</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A year which
consists of twelve calendar months.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall laugh at this a <i>twelvemonth</i>
hence.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twelve"pence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shilling
sterling, being about twenty-four cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twelve"pen*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sold for a
shilling; worth or costing a shilling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twelve"score`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Twelve times
twenty; two hundred and forty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twen"ti*eth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Twenty</u>; cf.
AS. <i>twentigo&?;a</i>. See <u>Twenty</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Next
in order after the nineteenth; tenth after the tenth; coming after nineteen
others; -- the ordinal of <i>twenty</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting, or being, one of twenty equal parts
into which anything is divided.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twen"ti*eth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
next in order after the nineteen; one coming after nineteen
others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quotient of a unit divided by twenty; one of
twenty equal parts of one whole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twen"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>twenty</i>, AS.
<i>tw&?;ntig</i>, <i>twentig</i>; akin to OFris. <i>twintich</i>, OS.
<i>tw&?;ntig</i>, D. &amp; LG. <i>twintig</i>, OHG. <i>zweinzug</i>, G.
<i>zwanzig</i>, Goth. <i>twai tigjis</i>; that is, two tens. See
<u>Twain</u>, <u>Two</u>, and <u>Ten</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One more
that nineteen; twice; as, <i>twenty</i> men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An indefinite number more or less that
twenty.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Maximilian, upon <i>twenty</i> respects, could not have been
the man.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twen"ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Twenties</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The number next
following nineteen; the sum of twelve and eight, or twice ten; twenty units
or objects; a score.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing twenty units, as 20, or
xx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twen"ty*fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Twenty times as
many.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twen`ty-four"mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having twenty-
four leaves to a sheet; as, a <i>twenty-fourmo</i> form, book, leaf, size,
etc.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A book composed of sheets, each of
which is folded into twenty-four leaves; hence, indicating more or less
definitely a size of book whose sheets are so folded; -- usually written
24mo, or 24&deg;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Two</u>.]
<def>Two.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twey"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Twofold.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twi"bil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>twibill</i>; <i>twi-
</i> (in comp.) two + <i>bill</i>, <i>bil</i>, an ax hoe, bill. See
<u>Twice</u>, and <u>Bill</u> a cutting instrument.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A kind of mattock, or ax; esp., a tool like a pickax, but having,
instead of the points, flat terminations, one of which is parallel to the
handle, the other perpendicular to it.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tool for making mortises.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A reaping hook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twi"billed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Armed or provided
with a twibil or twibils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twice</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>twies</i> (where the
<i>s</i> is the adverbial ending; see <u>-wards</u>), <i>twie</i>, AS.
<i>twiges</i>, <i>twiwa</i>; akin to <i>twi-</i> (in comp.) two, G.
<i>zwie-</i>, OHG. <i>zwi-</i>, Icel. <i>tv&imacr;-</i>, L. <i>bi-</i>, Gr.
&?;, Skr. <i>dvi-</i>, and E. <i>two</i>. See <u>Two</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Two times; once and again.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>twice</i> essayed to cast his son in
gold.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Doubly; in twofold quantity or degree; as,
<i>twice</i> the sum; he is <i>twice</i> as fortunate as his
neighbor.</def></p>

<p>&fist;<i>Twice</i> is used in the formation of compounds, mostly self-
explaining; as, <i>twice</i>-horn, <i>twice</i>-conquered, <i>twice</i>-
planted, <i>twice</i>-told, and the like.</p>

<p><hw>Twid"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Probably of imitative
origin.  Cf. <u>Tweedle</u>.] <def>To touch lightly, or play with; to
tweedle; to twirl; as, to <i>twiddle</i> one's thumbs; to <i>twiddle</i> a
watch key.</def> [Written also <i>twidle</i>.]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twid"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play with anything;
hence, to be busy about trifles.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twid"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
slight twist with the fingers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pimple.</def> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twi"fal`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Twifallowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Twifallowing</u>.] [AS. <i>twi-</i> (see <u>Twice</u>) two +
<i>fallow</i>.] <def>To plow, or fallow, a second time (land that has been
once fallowed).</def></p>

<p><hw>Twi"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>twifeadld</i>. See
<u>Twice</u>, and cf. <u>Twofold</u>.] <def>Twofold; double.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Twig</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Twigged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Twigging</u>.] [Cf. <u>Tweak</u>.] <def>To twitch; to pull; to
tweak.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Twig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>tuig</i>, or Ir.
<i>tuigim</i> I understand.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To understand the meaning of; to comprehend; as,
do you <i>twig</i> me?</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Marryat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To observe slyly; also, to perceive; to
discover.</def> "Now <i>twig</i> him; now mind him."  <i>Foote.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As if he were looking right into your eyes and
<i>twigged</i> something there which you had half a mind to
conceal.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>twig</i>; akin to D.
<i>twijg</i>, OHG. <i>zwig</i>, <i>zwi</i>, G. <i>zweig</i>, and probably
to E. <i>two</i>.] <def>A small shoot or branch of a tree or other plant,
of no definite length or size.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Britons had boats made of willow <i>twigs</i>, covered
on the outside with hides.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Twig borer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several
species of small beetles which bore into twigs of shrubs and trees, as the
apple-tree <i>twig borer</i> (<i>Amphicerus bicaudatus</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Twig girdler</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Girdler</u>,
3.</cd> -- <col><b>Twig rush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any rushlike
plant of the genus <i>Cladium</i> having hard, and sometimes prickly-edged,
leaves or stalks. See <i>Saw grass</i>, under <u>Saw</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Twig</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To beat with
twigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twig"gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of twigs;
wicker.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Twig"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fornicator.</def>
[Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twig"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
twig or twigs; like a twig or twigs; full of twigs; abounding with
shoots.</def> " <i>Twiggy</i> trees."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twight</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To twit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twight</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Twitch</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twight"e</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Twitch</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twig"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
twigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twig"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of, or abounding
in, twigs; twiggy.</def> [R.] " <i>Twigsome</i> trees."
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twi"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>twilight</i>, AS.
<i>twi-</i> (see <u>Twice</u>) + <i>le&oacute;ht</i> light; hence the sense
of doubtful or half light; cf. LG. <i>twelecht</i>, G. <i>zwielicht</i>.
See <u>Light</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The light perceived before the rising, and after
the setting, of the sun, or when the sun is less than 18&deg; below the
horizon, occasioned by the illumination of the earth's atmosphere by the
direct rays of the sun and their reflection on the earth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>faint light; a dubious or uncertain medium
through which anything is viewed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As when the sun . . . from behind the moon,<BR>
In dim eclipse, disastrous <i>twilight sheds</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>twilight</i> of probability.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twi"light`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Seen
or done by twilight.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Imperfectly illuminated; shaded;
obscure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O'er the <i>twilight</i> groves and dusky
caves.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Twilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Twilling</u>.] [Scotch <i>tweel</i>; probably from LG. <i>twillen</i> to
make double, from <i>twi-</i> two; akin to AS. <i>twi-</i>, E. <i>twi-</i>
in <i>twilight</i>. See <u>Twice</u>, and cf. <u>Tweed</u>, <u>Tweel</u>.]
<def>To weave, as cloth, so as to produce the appearance of diagonal lines
or ribs on the surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scotch <i>tweel</i>. See
<u>Twill</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
appearance of diagonal lines or ribs produced in textile fabrics by causing
the weft threads to pass over one and under two, or over one and under
three or more, warp threads, instead of over one and under the next in
regular succession, as in plain weaving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fabric women with a twill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Perhaps fr. <i>guill</i>.] <def>A quill, or spool,
for yarn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twil"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [C. <u>Willy</u>.] <def>A
machine for cleansing or loosening wool by the action of a revolving
cylinder covered with long iron spikes or teeth; a willy or willying
machine; -- called also <i>twilly devil</i>, and <i>devil</i>. See
<u>Devil</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6, and <u>Willy</u>.</def>
<i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twilt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Quilt</u>.] <def>A
quilt.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Twin</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>twin</i> double, AS.
<i>getwinne</i> two and two, pl., twins; akin to D. <i>tweeling</i> a twin,
G. <i>zwilling</i>, OHG. <i>zwiniling</i>, Icel. <i>tvennr</i>,
<i>tvinnr</i>, two and two, twin, and to AS. <i>twi-</i> two. See
<u>Twice</u>, <u>Two</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being one of two born at
a birth; as, a <i>twin</i> brother or sister.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being one of a pair much resembling one another;
standing the relation of a twin to something else; -- often followed by
<i>to</i> or <i>with</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Double; consisting of two similar
and corresponding parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Composed of parts united
according to some definite law of twinning. See <u>Twin</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Twin boat</b></col>, or <col><b>Twin ship</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a vessel whose deck and upper works rest on two
parallel hulls.</cd> -- <col><b>Twin crystal</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Twin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> -- <col><b>Twin flower</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a delicate evergreen plant (<i>Linn&aelig;a
borealis</i>) of northern climates, which has pretty, fragrant, pendulous
flowers borne in pairs on a slender stalk.</cd> -- <col><b>Twin-screw
steamer</b></col>, <cd>a steam vessel propelled by two screws, one on
either side of the plane of the keel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Twin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of two
produced at a birth, especially by an animal that ordinarily brings forth
but one at a birth; -- used chiefly in the plural, and applied to the young
of beasts as well as to human young.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A sign and
constellation of the zodiac; Gemini. See <u>Gemini</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing that closely resembles
another.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A compound crystal composed
of two or more crystals, or parts of crystals, in reversed position with
reference to each other.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The relative position of the parts of a twin may be explained by
supposing one part to be revolved 180&deg; about a certain axis (called the
<i>twinning axis</i>), this axis being normal to a plane (called the
<i>twinning plane</i>) which is usually one of the fundamental planes of
the crystal. This revolution brings the two parts into parallel position,
or vice versa. A <i>contact twin</i> is one in which the parts are united
by a plane surface, called the <i>composition face</i>, which is usually
the same as the twinning plane. A <i>penetration twin</i> is one in which
the parts interpenetrate each other, often very irregularly. Twins are also
called, according to form, <i>cruciform</i>, <i>geniculated</i>, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Twin</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Twinned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Twinning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring forth twins.</def>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be born at the same birth.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twin</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause
to be twins, or like twins in any way.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Still we moved<BR>
Together, <i>twinned</i>, as horse's ear and eye.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To separate into two parts; to part; to divide;
hence, to remove; also, to strip; to rob.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The life out of her body for to <i>twin</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To depart from a place or
thing.</def> [Obs.] "Ere that we farther <i>twin</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twin"born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born at the same
birth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>twin</i>, properly, a
twisted or double thread; akin to D. <i>twijn</i>, Icel. <i>twinni</i>;
from <i>twi-</i>. See <u>Twice</u>, and cf. <u>Twin</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A twist; a convolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Typhon huge, ending in snaky <i>twine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strong thread composed of two or three smaller
threads or strands twisted together, and used for various purposes, as for
binding small parcels, making nets, and the like; a small cord or
string.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of twining or winding round.</def>
<i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Twine reeler</b></col>, <cd>a kind of machine for twisting
twine; a kind of mule, or spinning machine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Twine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Twined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Twining</u>.] [OE.
<i>twinen</i>, fr. AS. <i>tw&imacr;n</i> a twisted thread; akin to D.
<i>twijnen</i> to twine, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>tvinna</i>, Dan. <i>tvinde</i>. See
<u>Twine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To twist
together; to form by twisting or winding of threads; to wreathe; as, fine
<i>twined</i> linen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wind, as one thread around another, or as any
flexible substance around another body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me <i>twine</i><BR>
Mine arms about that body.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wind about; to embrace; to entwine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let wreaths of triumph now my temples
<i>twine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To change the direction of.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To mingle; to mix.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twine</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
mutually twist together; to become mutually involved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wind; to bend; to make turns; to
meander.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As rivers, though they bend and <i>twine</i>,<BR>
Still to the sea their course incline.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To turn round; to revolve.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To ascend in spiral lines about a support; to
climb spirally; as, many plants <i>twine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant
which twines about a support.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twinge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Twinged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Twinging</u>.] [OE. <i>twengen</i>, AS. <i>twengan</i>; akin to OE.
<i>twingen</i> to pain, afflict, OFries. <i>thwinga</i>, <i>twinga</i>,
<i>dwinga</i>, to constrain, D. <i>dwingen</i>, OS. <i>thwingan</i>, G.
<i>zwingen</i>, OHG. <i>dwingan</i>, <i>thwingan</i>, to press, oppress,
overcome, Icel. <i>&thorn;vinga</i>, Sw. <i>tvinga</i> to subdue,
constrain, Dan. <i>twinge</i>, and AS. <i>&thorn;&uuml;n</i> to press, OHG.
<i>d&umacr;hen</i>, and probably to E. <i>thong</i>. Perhaps influenced by
<i>twitch</i>.  Cf. <u>Thong</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pull with a
twitch; to pinch; to tweak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a man is past his sense,<BR>
There's no way to reduce him thence,<BR>
But <i>twinging</i> him by the ears or nose,<BR>
Or laying on of heavy blows.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To affect with a sharp, sudden pain; to torment
with pinching or sharp pains.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gnat . . . <i>twinged</i> him [the lion] till he made
him tear<BR>
himself, and so mastered him.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twinge</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have a sudden, sharp,
local pain, like a twitch; to suffer a keen, darting, or shooting pain; as,
the side <i>twinges</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twinge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pinch; a
tweak; a twitch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A master that gives you . . . <i>twinges</i> by the
ears.</blockquote> <i>L' Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sudden sharp pain; a darting local pain of
momentary continuance; as, a <i>twinge</i> in the arm or side.</def> " A
<i>twinge</i> for my own sin."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twin"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Winding around
something; twisting; embracing; climbing by winding about a support; as,
the hop is a <i>twinning</i> plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twin"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who, or that
which, twines; <i>(Bot.)</i> the act of climbing spirally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>twinken</i>. See
<u>Twinkle</u>.] <def>To twinkle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Twink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wink;
a twinkling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The chaffinch.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Twin"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Twinkled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Twinkling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>twinklen</i>, AS. <i>twinclian</i>; akin to
OE. <i>twinken</i> to blink, wink, G. <i>zwinken</i>, <i>zwinkern</i>, and
perhaps to E. <i>twitch</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To open and shut the
eye rapidly; to blink; to wink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The owl fell a moping and <i>twinkling</i>.</blockquote>
<i>L' Estrange.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1557 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shine with an intermitted or a broken,
quavering light; to flash at intervals; to sparkle; to
scintillate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These stars not <i>twinkle</i> when viewed through
telescopes that have large apertures.</blockquote> <i>Sir I.
Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The western sky <i>twinkled</i> with stars.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twin"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
closing or opening, or a quick motion, of the eye; a wink or sparkle of the
eye.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Suddenly, with <i>twinkle</i> of her eye,<BR>
The damsel broke his misintended dart.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A brief flash or gleam, esp. when rapidly
repeated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The time of a wink; a twinkling.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twin"kler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, twinkles, or winks; a winker; an eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twin"kling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who, or of that which, twinkles; a quick movement of
the eye; a wink; a twinkle.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A shining with intermitted light; a
scintillation; a sparkling; as, the <i>twinkling</i> of the
stars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The time of a wink; a moment; an
instant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a moment, in the <i>twinkling</i> of an eye, at the last
trump, . . . the dead shall be raised incorruptible.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor.
xv. 52.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twin"leaf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Jeffersonia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twin"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Closely resembling;
being a counterpart.</def> -- <wf>Twin"like`ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Twin"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Twin</i> + 1st <i>-
ling</i>.] <def>A young or little twin, especially a twin lamb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twinned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Crystallog.)</i>
<def>Composed of parts united according to a law of twinning. See
<u>Twin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twin"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who gives birth to
twins; a breeder of twins.</def>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twin"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Crystallog.)</i>
<def>The assemblage of two or more crystals, or parts of crystals, in
reversed position with reference to each other in accordance with some
definite law; also, rarely, in artificial twinning (accomplished for
example by pressure), the process by which this reversal is brought
about.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Polysynthetic twinning</b></col>, <cd>repeated twinning of
crystal lamell&aelig;, as that of the triclinic feldspars.</cd> --
<col><b>Repeated twinning</b></col>, <cd>twinning of more than two
crystals, or parts of crystals.</cd> -- <col><b>Twinning axis</b></col>,
<col><b>Twinning plane</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under <u>Twin</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Twin"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>twi-</i> +
<i>winter</i> winter. See <u>Twice</u>, and <u>Winter</u>.] <def>A domestic
animal two winters old.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Twire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>tweern</i>, G.
<i>zwirn</i>, and E. <i>twine</i>.] <def>A twisted filament; a
thread.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twire</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. MHG. <i>zwieren</i>, E.
<i>thwart</i>, and <i>queer</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To peep; to
glance obliquely; to leer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Which maids will <i>twire</i> 'tween their
fingers.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw the wench that <i>twired</i> and twinkled at
thee.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To twinkle; to glance; to gleam.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When sparkling stars <i>twire</i> not.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twire</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sing, or twitter.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twire"-pipe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vagabond
musician.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>You are an ass, a <i>twire-pipe</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You looked like <i>Twire-pipe</i>, the taborer.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twirl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Twirled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Twirling</u>.] [Cf. AS. <i>&thorn;wiril</i> a churn staff, a stirrer,
flail, <i>&thorn;weran</i>, <i>&amacr;&thorn;weran</i>, to agitate, twirl,
G. <i>zwirlen</i>, <i>quirlen</i>, to twirl, to turn round or about,
<i>quirl</i> a twirling stick, OHG. <i>dweran</i> to twirl, stir.  Cf.
<u>Trowel</u>.] <def>To move or turn round rapidly; to whirl round; to move
and turn rapidly with the fingers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See ruddy maids,<BR>
Some taught with dexterous hand to <i>twirl</i> the wheel.</blockquote>
<i>Dodsley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No more beneath soft eve's consenting star<BR>
Fandango <i>twirls</i> his jocund castanet.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twirl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To revolve with velocity;
to be whirled round rapidly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twirl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
twirling; a rapid circular motion; a whirl or whirling; quick
rotation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A twist; a convolution.</def>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twist</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Twisted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Twisting</u>.] [OE. <i>twisten</i>, AS. <i>twist</i> a rope, as made of
two (twisted) strands, fr. <i>twi-</i> two; akin to D. <i>twist</i> a
quarrel, dissension, G. <i>zwist</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>tvist</i>, Icel.
<i>twistr</i> the deuce in cards, <i>tvistr</i> distressed. See
<u>Twice</u>, <u>Two</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To contort; to writhe;
to complicate; to crook spirally; to convolve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Twist</i> it into a serpentine form.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to turn from the true form or meaning; to
pervert; as, to <i>twist</i> a passage cited from an author.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To distort, as a solid body, by turning one part
relatively to another about an axis passing through both; to subject to
torsion; as, to <i>twist</i> a shaft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To wreathe; to wind; to encircle; to unite by
intertexture of parts.</def> "Longing to <i>twist</i> bays with that ivy."
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are pillars of smoke <i>twisted</i> about wreaths of
flame.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To wind into; to insinuate; -- used reflexively;
as, avarice <i>twists</i> itself into all human concerns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To unite by winding one thread, strand, or other
flexible substance, round another; to form by convolution, or winding
separate things round each other; as, to <i>twist</i> yarn or thread.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to form as if by winding one part around
another; to wreathe; to make up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Was it not to this end<BR>
That thou began'st to <i>twist</i> so fine a story?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To form into a thread from many fine filaments;
as, to <i>twist</i> wool or cotton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twist</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be
contorted; to writhe; to be distorted by torsion; to be united by winding
round each other; to be or become twisted; as, some strands will
<i>twist</i> more easily than others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To follow a helical or spiral course; to be in
the form of a helix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
twisting; a contortion; a flexure; a convolution; a bending.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not the least turn or <i>twist</i> in the fibers of any one
animal which does not render them more proper for that particular animal's
way of life than any other cast or texture.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The form given in twisting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] shrunk at first sight of it; he found fault with the
length, the thickness, and the <i>twist</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is formed by twisting, convoluting,
or uniting parts.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cord, thread, or anything flexible, formed by
winding strands or separate things round each other.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind of closely twisted, strong sewing silk,
used by tailors, saddlers, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A kind of cotton yarn, of several
varieties.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A roll of twisted dough, baked.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A little twisted roll of tobacco.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>One of the threads of a warp,
-- usually more tightly twisted than the filling.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Firearms)</i> <def>A material for gun barrels,
consisting of iron and steel twisted and welded together; as, Damascus
<i>twist</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <i>(Firearms &amp; Ord.)</i> <def>The spiral course of
the rifling of a gun barrel or a cannon.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>A beverage made of brandy and gin.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [OE.; -- so called as being a <i>two</i>-forked
branch. See <u>Twist</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A twig.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Gain twist</b></col>, or <col><b>Gaining twist</b></col>
<i>(Firearms)</i>, <cd>twist of which the pitch is less, and the
inclination greater, at the muzzle than at the breech.</cd> --
<col><b>Twist drill</b></col>, <cd>a drill the body of which is twisted
like that of an auger. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Drill</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Uniform twist</b></col> <i>(Firearms)</i>, <cd>a twist of which the
spiral course has an equal pitch throughout.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Twist"e</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Twist</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twist"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contorted; crooked
spirally; subjected to torsion; hence, perverted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Twisted curve</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a curve of double
curvature. See <i>Plane curve</i>, under <u>Curve</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Twisted surface</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a surface described
by a straight line moving according to any law whatever, yet so that the
consecutive positions of the line shall not be in one plane; a warped
surface.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Twist"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who twists; specifically, the person whose occupation is to twist or join
the threads of one warp to those of another, in weaving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The instrument used in twisting, or making
twists.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He, twirling his <i>twister</i>, makes a twist of the
twine.</blockquote> <i>Wallis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A girder.</def>
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>The inner part of the thigh, the
proper place to rest upon when on horseback.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twist"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Crooked; tortuous;
hence, perverse; unfair; dishonest.</def> [Slang, U. S.]
<i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twist"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Twist</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Twisting pair</b></col>. <i>(Kinematics)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Pair</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Twit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Twitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Twitting</u>.] [OE. <i>atwiten</i>, AS. <i>&aelig;tw&imacr;tan</i> to
reproach, blame; <i>&aelig;t</i> at + <i>w&imacr;tan</i> to reproach,
blame; originally, to observe, see, hence, to observe what is wrong (cf.
the meanings of E. <i>animadvert</i>; akin to G. ver<i>weisen</i> to
censure, OHG. fir<i>w&imacr;zan</i>, Goth. tra<i>weitan</i> to avenge, L.
<i>videre</i> to see. See <u>Vision</u>, <u>Wit</u>.] <def>To vex by
bringing to notice, or reminding of, a fault, defect, misfortune, or the
like; to revile; to reproach; to upbraid; to taunt; as, he <i>twitted</i>
his friend of falsehood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This these scoffers <i>twitted</i> the Christian
with.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>&AElig;sop minds men of their errors, without
<i>twitting</i> them for what is amiss.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twitch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Twitched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Twitching</u>.] [OE. <i>twicchen</i>, fr. (doubtful) AS.
<i>twiccian</i>; akin to AS. angel<i>twicca</i> a worm used for bait,
literally, a hook twitcher, LG. <i>twikken</i> to tweak, G. <i>zwicken</i>.
Cf. <u>Tweak</u>.] <def>To pull with a sudden jerk; to pluck with a short,
quick motion; to snatch; as, to <i>twitch</i> one by the sleeve; to
<i>twitch</i> a thing out of another's hand; to <i>twitch</i> off clusters
of grapes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thrice they <i>twitched</i> the diamond in her
ear.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twitch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
twitching; a pull with a jerk; a short, sudden, quick pull; as, a
<i>twitch</i> by the sleeve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A short, spastic contraction of the fibers or
muscles; a simple muscular contraction; as, convulsive <i>twitches</i>; a
<i>twitch</i> in the side.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A stick with a hole in one end
through which passes a loop, which can be drawn tightly over the upper lip
or an ear of a horse. By twisting the stick the compression is made
sufficiently painful to keep the animal quiet during a slight surgical
operation.</def>  <i>J. H. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twitch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, twitches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twitch" grass`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Quitch
grass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The European tree sparrow.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The mountain linnet (<i>Linota
flavirostris</i>).</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Twit"lark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The meadow pipit.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Twit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Twit</u>.] <def>One
who twits, or reproaches; an upbraider.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Twittered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Twittering</u>.] [OE. <i>twiteren</i>; of imitative origin; cf. G.
<i>zwitschern</i>, OHG. <i>zwizzir&?;n</i>, D. <i>kwetteren</i>, Sw.
<i>qwitra</i>, Dan. <i>quiddre</i>.  Cf. <u>Titter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To make a succession of small, tremulous, intermitted
noises.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The swallow <i>twittering</i> from the straw-built
shed.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make the sound of a half-suppressed laugh; to
titter; to giggle.</def>  <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Perhaps influenced by <i>twitch</i>.] <def>To have a
slight trembling of the nerves; to be excited or agitated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter with a
twitter.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of twittering; a small, tremulous, intermitted noise, as that made by a
swallow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A half-suppressed laugh; a fit of laughter
partially restrained; a titter; a giggle.</def>  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A slight trembling or agitation of the
nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twit"ter*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who, or that which, twitters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slight nervous excitement or agitation, such
as is caused by desire, expectation, or suspense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A widow, who had a <i>twittering</i> towards a second
husband, took a gossiping companion to manage the job.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twit"ting*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a twitting
manner; with upbraiding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twit"tle-twat`tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Twattle</u>.] <def>Tattle; gabble.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>'Twixt</hw> (?). <def>An abbreviation of <u>Betwixt</u>, used in
poetry, or in colloquial language.</def></p>

<p><hw>'Twixt"-brain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The thalamen&?;cephalon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two</hw> (t&oomac;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>two</i>,
<i>twa</i>, properly fem. &amp; neut., <i>twei</i>, <i>twein</i>,
<i>tweien</i>, properly masc. (whence E. <i>twain</i>), AS.
<i>tw&amacr;</i>, fem. &amp; neut., <i>tw&emacr;gen</i>, masc.,
<i>t&umacr;</i>, neut.; akin to OFries. <i>tw&emacr;ne</i>, masc.,
<i>tw&amacr;</i>, fem. &amp; neut., OS. <i>tw&emacr;ne</i>, masc.,
<i>tw&amacr;</i>, fem., <i>tw&emacr;</i>, neut., D. <i>twee</i>, OHG.
<i>zw&emacr;ne</i>, <i>zw&omacr;</i>, <i>zwei</i>, G. <i>zwei</i>, Icel.
<i>tveir</i>, <i>tv&aelig;r</i>, <i>tvau</i>, Sw. <i>tv&aring;</i>, Dan.
<i>to</i>, Goth. <i>twai</i>, <i>tw&omacr;s</i>, <i>twa</i>; Lith.
<i>du</i>, Russ. <i>dva</i>, Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>da</i>, W. <i>dau</i>,
<i>dwy</i>, L. <i>duo</i>, Gr. <grk>dy`o</grk>, Skr. <i>dva</i>.
&radic;300.   Cf. <u>Balance</u>, <u>Barouche</u>, <u>Between</u>, <u>Bi-
</u>, <u>Combine</u>, <u>Deuce</u> two in cards, <u>Double</u>,
<u>Doubt</u>, <u>Dozen</u>, <u>Dual</u>, <u>Duet</u>, <u>Dyad</u>,
<u>Twain</u>, <u>Twelve</u>, <u>Twenty</u>, <u>Twice</u>, <u>Twilight</u>,
<u>Twig</u>, <u>Twine</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Twist</u>.] <def>One
and one; twice one.</def> "<i>Two</i> great lights." <i>Gen. i. 16.</i>
"<i>Two</i> black clouds."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Two</i> is often joined with other words, forming compounds
signifying <i>divided into</i>, <i>consisting of</i>, or <i>having</i>,
<i>two parts</i>, <i>divisions</i>, <i>organs</i>, or the like; as
<i>two</i>-bladed, <i>two</i>-celled, <i>two</i>-eared, <i>two</i>-
flowered, <i>two</i>hand, <i>two</i>-headed, <i>two</i>-horse, <i>two</i>-
leafed or <i>two</i>-leaved, <i>two</i>-legged, <i>two</i>-lobed,
<i>two</i>-masted, <i>two</i>-named, <i>two</i>-part, <i>two</i>-petaled,
<i>two</i>-pronged, <i>two</i>-seeded, <i>two</i>-sided, <i>two</i>-story,
<i>two</i>-stringed, <i>two</i>-foothed, <i>two</i>-valved, <i>two</i>-
winged, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>One or two</b></col>, <cd>a phrase often used indefinitely for a
small number.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Two</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sum
of one and one; the number next greater than one, and next less than three;
two units or objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A symbol representing two units, as 2, II., or
ii.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In two</b></col>, <cd>asunder; into parts; in halves; in twain;
as, cut <i>in two</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Two"-cap`suled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having two distinct capsules; bicapsular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-cleft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Divided about half way from the border to the base into two segments;
bifid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-deck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel of war
carrying guns on two decks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-edged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having two edges, or
edges on both sides; as, a <i>two-edged</i> sword.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Twifold</u>.]
<def>Double; duplicate; multiplied by two; as, a <i>twofold</i> nature; a
<i>twofold</i> sense; a twofold argument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"fold`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a double degree;
doubly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Measuring two feet;
two feet long, thick, or wide; as, a <i>two-foot</i> rule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-forked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Divided into two
parts, somewhat after the manner of a fork; dichotomous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Employing two hands;
as, the <i>two-hand</i> alphabet. See <u>Dactylology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-hand`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having two hands; -- often used as an epithet equivalent to
<i>large</i>, <i>stout</i>, <i>strong</i>, or <i>powerful</i>.</def>
"<i>Two-handed</i> sway."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Used with both hands; as, a <i>two-handed</i>
sword.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>two-handed</i> engine [the sword].</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Using either hand equally well;
ambidextrous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-lipped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having two lips.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided in such a manner as to
resemble the two lips when the mouth is more or less open;
bilabiate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-part`ed</hw> (-p&auml;rt`&ebreve;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Divided from the border to the base into two distinct
parts; bipartite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"pence</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small coin, and
money of account, in England, equivalent to two pennies, -- minted to a
fixed annual amount, for almsgiving by the sovereign on Maundy
Thursday.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"pen*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the value of
twopence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-ply`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of two thicknesses, as cloth; double.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Woven double, as cloth or carpeting, by
incorporating two sets of warp thread and two of weft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-ranked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Alternately disposed on exactly opposite sides of the stem so as to
from two ranks; distichous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-sid`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having two sides only; hence, double-faced; hypocritical.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Symmetrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-tongued`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Double-tongued;
deceitful.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Twy"blade`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Twayblade</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"-all`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something serving to
tie or secure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ty"burn tick`et</hw> (?). [So called in allusion to <i>Tyburn</i>,
formerly a place of execution in England.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A
certificate given to one who prosecutes a felon to conviction, exempting
him from certain parish and ward offices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty*chon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Tycho Brahe, or his system of astronomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty*coon"</hw> (t&isl;`k&oomac;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chinese
<i>tai-kun</i> great prince.] <def>The title by which the shogun, or former
commander in chief of the Japanese army, was known to foreigners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Tidy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tye</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A knot; a
tie.</def> [R.] See <u>Tie</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A chain or rope, one end of which
passes through the mast, and is made fast to the center of a yard; the
other end is attached to a tackle, by means of which the yard is hoisted or
lowered.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A trough for washing ores.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tye</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Tie</u>, the proper
orthography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who ties, or
unites.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ty*foon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Typhoon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
tiger.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ty"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> of
<u>Tie</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The act or
process of washing ores in a buddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tyke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Tike</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ty"la*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tylari</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ty`lh</grk> a cushion.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the pads on the under surface of the toes
of birds.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1558 !></p>

<p><hw>Ty"ler</hw> (t&imacr;"l&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Tiler</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ty*lop"o*da</hw> (t&imacr;*l&obreve;p"&osl;*d&adot;), <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [NL., from <grk>ty`lh</grk> a cushion + <i>-poda</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of ungulates comprising the
camels.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ty*lo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tyloses</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>ty`los</grk> a lump,
knot.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An intrusion of one vegetable cell into the
cavity of another, sometimes forming there an irregular mass of
cells.</def>  <i>Goodale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tym"bal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>timbale</i>, Sp.
<i>timbal</i>; cf. <i>atabal</i>; probably of Arabic origin.  Cf.
<u>Atabal</u>, <u>Timbrel</u>.] <def>A kind of kettledrum.</def> [Written
also <i>trimbal</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>tymbal's</i> sound were better than my
voice.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tymp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tympan</u>.] <i>(Blast
Furnace)</i> <def>A hollow water-cooled iron casting in the upper part of
the archway in which the dam stands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tym"pan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>tympanum</i> a
kettledrum, a panel of a door. See <u>Tympanum</u>, and cf. <u>Tymp</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A drum.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A panel; a tympanum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A frame covered with parchment
or cloth, on which the blank sheets are put, in order to be laid on the
form to be impressed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tympan sheet</b></col> <i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a sheet of paper of
the same size as that to be printed, pasted on the tympan, and serving as a
guide in laying the sheets evenly for printing.</cd>  <i>W. Savage.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tym"pa*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tympanic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tym*pan"ic</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Tympanum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like a tympanum or drum; acting
like a drumhead; as, a <i>tympanic</i> membrane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
tympanum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Tympanic bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone of the skull
which incloses a part of the tympanum and supports the tympanic
membrane.</cd> -- <col><b>Tympanic membrane</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i>
<cd>See the Note under <u>Ear</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Tym*pan"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
tympanic bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tym"pa*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tympaniste</i>,
Gr. &?;.] <def>One who beats a drum.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Tym`pa*ni"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; a kettledrum.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A flatulent distention of the belly;
tympany.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tym`pa*nit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tympaniticus</i>
one afflicted with tympanites.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
affected with, tympanites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tym`pa*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Tympanum</u>, <u>and</u> <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation
of the lining membrane of the middle ear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tym"pa*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>tympanizare</i>
to beat a drum, Gr. &?;.] <def>To drum.</def> [R.]  <i>Coles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tym"pa*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tympanized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tympanizing</u> (?).] <def>To stretch, as a skin over the head of a
drum; to make into a drum or drumhead, or cause to act or sound like a
drum.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Tympanized</i>, as other saints of God were."
<i>Oley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tym"pa*no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tympani</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>timpano</i>. See <u>Tympanum</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kettledrum; -- chiefly used in the plural to denote
the kettledrums of an orchestra. See <u>Kettledrum</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>timpano</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tym"pa*no-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to
indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the
tympanum</i>; as in <i>tympano</i>hyal, <i>tympano</i>-
Eustachian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tym`pa*no*hy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the tympanum and the hyoidean arch.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The proximal segment in the hyoidean arch,
becoming a part of the styloid process of the temporal bone in adult
man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tym"pa*num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Tympanums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Tympana</b></plw> (#). [L., a
kettledrum, a drum or wheel in machines, the triangular area in a pediment,
the panel of a door, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?; to strike, beat. See
<u>Type</u>, and cf. <u>Timbrel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The ear drum, or middle ear. Sometimes applied
incorrectly to the tympanic membrane. See <u>Ear</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A chamber in the anterior part of the syrinx of
birds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the naked, inflatable
air sacs on the neck of the prairie chicken and other species of
grouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The recessed
face of a pediment within the frame made by the upper and lower cornices,
being usually a triangular space or table.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The space within an arch, and above a lintel or a subordinate arch,
spanning the opening below the arch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A drum-shaped wheel with spirally
curved partitions by which water is raised to the axis when the wheel
revolves with the lower part of the circumference submerged, -- used for
raising water, as for irrigation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tym"pa*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a
kettledrum. See <u>Tympanites</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
flatulent distention of the belly; tympanites.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, inflation; conceit; bombast;
turgidness.</def> "Thine 's a <i>tympany</i> of sense."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A plethoric a tautologic <i>tympany</i> of
sentence.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tynd</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Tine</u> to shut in.]
<def>To shut; to close.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tyne</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>t&?;na</i>.]
<def>To lose.</def> [Obs. or Scot.] "His bliss gan he <i>tyne</i>."
<i>Piers Plowman.</i> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tyne</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become lost; to
perish.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tyne</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tine</u> a prong.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A prong or point of an antler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tyne</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Teen</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Anxiety; tine.</def> [Obs.] "With labor and long
<i>tyne</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ty"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Tiny</u>.] <def>Small;
tiny.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Typ"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to a type or
types; belonging to types; serving as a type; typical.</def>
<i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>-type</hw> (?). [See <u>Type</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
combining form signifying <i>impressed form</i>; <i>stamp</i>;
<i>print</i>; <i>type</i>; <i>typical form</i>; <i>representative</i>; as
in stereo<i>type</i> photo<i>type</i>, ferro<i>type</i>,
mono<i>type</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>type</i>; cf. It.
<i>tipo</i>, from L. <i>typus</i> a figure, image, a form, type, character,
Gr. &?; the mark of a blow, impression, form of character, model, from the
root of &?; to beat, strike; cf. Skr. <i>tup</i> to hurt.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The mark or impression of something; stamp;
impressed sign; emblem.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The faith they have in tennis, and tall stockings,<BR>
Short blistered breeches, and those <i>types</i> of travel.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Form or character impressed; style;
semblance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy father bears the <i>type</i> of king of
Naples.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A figure or representation of something to come;
a token; a sign; a symbol; -- correlative to <i>antitype</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>type</i> is no longer a <i>type</i> when the thing
typified comes to be actually exhibited.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which possesses or exemplifies
characteristic qualities; the representative.</def> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A general form or structure common
to a number of individuals; hence, the ideal representation of a species,
genus, or other group, combining the essential characteristics; an animal
or plant possessing or exemplifying the essential characteristics of a
species, genus, or other group.  Also, a group or division of animals
having a certain typical or characteristic structure of body maintained
within the group.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since the time of Cuvier and Baer . . . the whole animal
kingdom has been universally held to be divisible into a small number of
main divisions or <i>types</i>.</blockquote> <i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Fine Arts)</i> <def>The original object, or
class of objects, scene, face, or conception, which becomes the subject of
a copy; esp., the design on the face of a medal or a coin.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A simple compound, used as a
mode or pattern to which other compounds are conveniently regarded as being
related, and from which they may be actually or theoretically
derived.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The fundamental types used to express the simplest and most
essential chemical relations are hydrochloric acid, HCl; water,
H<sub>2</sub>O; ammonia, NH<sub>3</sub>; and methane, CH<sub>4</sub>.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Typog.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A raised
letter, figure, accent, or other character, cast in metal or cut in wood,
used in printing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Such letters or
characters, in general, or the whole quantity of them used in printing,
spoken of collectively; any number or mass of such letters or characters,
however disposed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Type are mostly made by casting type metal in a mold, though some
of the larger sizes are made from maple, mahogany, or boxwood. In the cut,
<i>a</i> is the <i>body</i>; <i>b</i>, the <i>face</i>, or part from which
the impression is taken; <i>c</i>, the <i>shoulder</i>, or top of the body;
<i>d</i>, the <i>nick</i> (sometimes two or more are made), designed to
assist the compositor in distinguishing the bottom of the face from the
top; <i>e</i>, the <i>groove</i> made in the process of finishing, -- each
type as cast having attached to the bottom of the body a jet, or small
piece of metal (formed by the surplus metal poured into the mold), which,
when broken off, leaves a roughness that requires to be removed. The fine
lines at the top and bottom of a letter are technically called
<i>ceriphs</i>, and when part of the face projects over the body, as in the
letter <i>f</i>, the projection is called a <i>kern</i>.</p>

<p>   The type which compose an ordinary book font consist of Roman
<u>CAPITALS</u>, <u>small capitals</u>, and lower-case letters, and
<i>Italic CAPITALS</i> and <i>lower-case</i> letters, with accompanying
figures, points, and reference marks, -- in all about two hundred
characters. Including the various modern styles of fancy type, some three
or four hundred varieties of face are made. Besides the ordinary Roman and
<i>Italic</i>, some of the most important of the varieties are --</p>

<p><table>
<row><oldenglishtype>Old English.</oldenglishtype>  Black Letter.</row>
<row><oldstyletype>Old Style.</oldstyletype>  <frenchelzevirtype>French
Elzevir.</frenchelzevirtype></row>
<row>Boldface.  Antique.</row>
<row>Clarendon.  <gothictype>Gothic.</gothictype></row>
<row><typewritertype>Typewriter.</typewritertype>
<scripttype>Script.</scripttype></row>
</table></p>

<p>  The smallest body in common use is diamond; then follow in order of
size, pearl, agate, nonpareil, minion, brevier, bourgeois (or two-line
diamond), long primer (or two-line pearl), small pica (or two-line agate),
pica (or two-line nonpareil), English (or two-line minion), Columbian (or
two-line brevier), great primer (two-line bourgeois), paragon (or two-line
long primer), double small pica (or two-line small pica), double pica (or
two-line pica), double English (or two-line English), double great primer
(or two-line great primer), double paragon (or two-line paragon), canon (or
two-line double pica). Above this, the sizes are called five-line pica,
six-line pica, seven-line pica, and so on, being made mostly of wood. The
following alphabets show the different sizes up to great primer.</p>

<p><table>
<row>Brilliant . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

<row>Diamond . .  abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

<row>Pearl . . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

<row>Agate . . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

<row>Nonpareil . . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

<row>Minion . . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

<row>Brevier . . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

<row>Bourgeois . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

<row>Long primer . . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

<row>Small pica . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

<row>Pica . . . . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

<row>English . . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

<row>Columbian . . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

<row>Great primer . . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz</row>

</table></p>

<p>   The foregoing account is conformed to the designations made use of by
American type founders, but is substantially correct for England.
<i>Agate</i>, however, is called <i>ruby</i>, in England, where, also, a
size intermediate between nonpareil and minion is employed, called
<i>emerald</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Point system of type bodies</b></col> <i>(Type Founding)</i>,
<cd>a system adopted by the type founders of the United States by which the
various sizes of type have been so modified and changed that each size
bears an exact proportional relation to every other size. The system is a
modification of a French system, and is based on the pica body. This pica
body is divided into twelfths, which are termed "points," and every type
body consist of a given number of these points. Many of the type founders
indicate the new sizes of type by the number of points, and the old names
are gradually being done away with. By the point system type founders cast
type of a uniform size and height, whereas formerly fonts of pica or other
type made by different founders would often vary slightly so that they
could not be used together. There are no type in actual use corresponding
to the smaller theoretical sizes of the point system. In some cases, as in
that of <i>ruby</i>, the term used designates a different size from that
heretofore so called.</cd></p>

<p>

<table>
1  American  9  Bourgeois
<point1>&bar;</point1> <point9>&bar;</point9>
1&frac12;  German
<point1.5>&bar;</point1.5>
2  Saxon   10  Long Primer
<point2>&bar;</point2> <point10>&bar;</point10>
2&frac12;  Norse
<point2.5>&bar;</point2.5>
3  Brilliant  11 Small Pica
<point3>&bar;</point3> <point11>&bar;</point11>
3&frac12;  Ruby   12  Pica
<point3.5>&bar;</point3.5> <point12>&bar;</point12>
4  Excelsior
<point4>&bar;</point4>
4&frac12;  Diamond  14  English
<point4.5>&bar;</point4.5> <point14>&bar;</point14>
5  Pearl   16  Columbian
<point5>&bar;</point5> <point16>&bar;</point16>
5&frac12;  Agate
<point5.5>&bar;</point5.5>
6  Nonpareil   18  Great Primer
<point6>&bar;</point6> <point18>&bar;</point18>
7  Minion
<point7>&bar;</point7>
8  Brevier   20  Paragon
<point8>&bar;</point8> <point20>&bar;</point20>
Diagram of the "points" by which sizes of Type are graduated in the "Point
System".
</table></p>

<p><col><b>Type founder</b></col>, <cd>one who casts or manufacture
type.</cd> -- <col><b>Type foundry</b></col>, <col><b>Type
foundery</b></col>, <cd>a place for the manufacture of type.</cd> --
<col><b>Type metal</b></col>, <cd>an alloy used in making type, stereotype
plates, etc., and in backing up electrotype plates. It consists essentially
of lead and antimony, often with a little tin, nickel, or copper.</cd> --
<col><b>Type wheel</b></col>, <cd>a wheel having raised letters or
characters on its periphery, and used in typewriters, printing telegraphs,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Unity of type</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>that
fundamental agreement in structure which is seen in organic beings of the
same class, and is quite independent of their habits of life.</cd>
<i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Type</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Typed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Typing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To represent by a type, model, or
symbol beforehand; to prefigure.</def> [R.]  <i>White (Johnson).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish an expression or copy of; to
represent; to typify.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let us <i>type</i> them now in our own lives.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Type"set`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, sets type; a compositor; a machine for setting type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Type"set`ting</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or art of
setting type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Type"write`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To write
with a typewriter.</def> [Recent]</p>

<p><hw>Type"writ`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument for writing by means of type, a typewheel, or the like,
in which the operator makes use of a sort of keyboard, in order to obtain
printed impressions of the characters upon paper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who uses such an instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Type"writ`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or art of
using a typewriter; also, a print made with a typewriter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Typh*li"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
blind, closed (as applied to the c&aelig;cum) + <i>-itis</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the c&aelig;cum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Typh"lo*sole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; blind + &?;
channel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fold of the wall which projects into
the cavity of the intestine in bivalve mollusks, certain annelids,
starfishes, and some other animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty*pho"&euml;*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Typhoius</i>,
from <i>Typhoeus</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;.] <def>Of or pertaining to Typhoeus
(t&isl;*f&omacr;"&umacr;s), the fabled giant of Greek mythology, having a
hundred heads; resembling Typhoeus.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Sometimes incorrectly written and pronounced <i>Ty-
ph&oelig;\'b6an</i> (&?;), or <i>Ty-phe\'b6 an.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ty"phoid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Typhus</i> + <i>-
oid</i>: cf. F. <i>typho&iuml;de</i>, Gr. &?;. See <u>Typhus</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to typhus; resembling typhus; of a low
grade like typhus; as, <i>typhoid</i> symptoms.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Typhoid fever</b></col>, <cd>a disease formerly confounded with
typhus, but essentially different from the latter. It is characterized by
fever, lasting usually three or more weeks, diarrh&aelig;a with evacuations
resembling pea soup in appearance, and prostration and muscular debility,
gradually increasing and often becoming profound at the acme of the
disease. Its local lesions are a scanty eruption of spots, resembling flea
bites, on the belly, enlargement of the spleen, and ulceration of the
intestines over the areas occupied by Peyer's glands. The virus, or
contagion, of this fever is supposed to be a microscopic vegetable
organism, or bacterium. Called also <i>enteric fever</i>. See <u>Peyer's
glands</u>.</cd>  -- <col><b>Typhoid state</b></col>, <cd>a condition
common to many diseases, characterized by profound prostration and other
symptoms resembling those of typhus.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1559 !></p>

<p><hw>Ty`pho*ma*la"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to typhoid fever and malaria; as, <i>typhomalarial</i>
fever, a form of fever having symptoms both of malarial and typhoid
fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty`pho*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Typhus</u>, and <u>Mania</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A low delirium common
in typhus fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"phon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, and &?;. See
<u>Typhoon</u>.] <i>(Class. Mythol.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>According
to Hesiod, the son of Typhoeus, and father of the winds, but later
identified with him.</def>
</p>

<p>&fist; By modern writers, <i>Typhon</i> is identified with the Egyptian
Set, who represents physical evil.  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A violent whirlwind; a typhoon.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The circling <i>typhon</i> whirled from point to
point.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ty*phoon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Earlier <i>tuffoon</i>,
<i>tuffon</i>, Pg. <i>tuf&atilde;o</i>, Ar. <i>tuf&amacr;n</i> a violent
storm; probably fr. Gr. <grk>tyfw^n</grk>, <grk>tyfw^s</grk>, a violent
whirlwind, that rushes upward from the earth, whirling clouds of dust (cf.
<u>Typhus</u>); or perhaps from Chin. <i>t'ai-fung</i> a cyclonic wind.]
<def>A violent whirlwind; specifically, a violent whirlwind occurring in
the Chinese seas.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||Ty"phos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Typhus.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ty`pho*tox"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Typh</i>oid + <i>-
toxic</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A basic substance,
C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>17</sub>NO<sub>2</sub>, formed from the growth of the
typhoid bacillus on meat pulp. It induces in small animals lethargic
conditions with liquid dejecta.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"phous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>typheux</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to typhus; of the nature of
typhus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"phus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; smoke,
cloud, stupor arising from fever; akin to &?; to smoke, Skr. <i>dh&?;pa</i>
smoke.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A contagious continued fever lasting from two to
three weeks, attended with great prostration and cerebral disorder, and
marked by a copious eruption of red spots upon the body. Also called
<i>jail fever</i>, <i>famine fever</i>, <i>putrid fever</i>, <i>spottled
fever</i>, etc. See <i>Jail fever</i>, under <u>Jail</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Typ"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Typical.</def>
"<i>Typic</i> shades."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Typ"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>typicus</i>, Gr.
&?;, from &?; type: cf. F. <i>typique</i>. See <u>Type</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of a type; representing something by
a form, model, or resemblance; emblematic; prefigurative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Levitical priesthood was only <i>typical</i> of the
Christian.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Combining or exhibiting the
essential characteristics of a group; as, a <i>typical</i> genus.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Typ"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Typ"ic*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Typ`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
typifying, or representing by a figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Typ"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, typifies.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Typ"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Typified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Typifying</u>.] [<i>Type</i> + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>To represent by an
image, form, model, or resemblance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our Savior was <i>typified</i>, indeed, by the goat that was
slain, and the scapegoat in the wilderness.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ty"po</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [An abbreviation of
<i>typographer</i>.] <def>A compositor.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Typ"o*cos`my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; type + &?; the
world.] <def>A representation of the world.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ty*pog"ra*pher</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>typographe</i>. See <u>Typography</u>.] <def>A printer.</def>  <i>T.
Warton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ty`po*graph"ic</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Ty`po*graph"ic*al</hw> (?; 277),
} <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>typographique</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the act or act of representing by types or
symbols; emblematic; figurative; typical.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to typography or printing; as,
the <i>typographic</i> art.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ty`po*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ty*pog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Type</i> + <i>-
graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>typographie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or
art of expressing by means of types or symbols; emblematical or
hieroglyphic representation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of printing with types; the use of types
to produce impressions on paper, vellum, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Typ"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; image, type +
<i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>typolithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A stone or
fossil which has on it impressions or figures of plants and
animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty*pol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Type</i> + <i>-
logy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A discourse or treatise
on types.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine of types.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ty*poth"e*t&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. E.
<i>type</i> + Gr. &?; to put, set.] <def>Printers; -- used in the name of
an association of the master printers of the United States and Canada,
called The United <i>Typothet&aelig;</i> of America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Tyrant</u>.] <def>A
tyrant.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lordly love is such a <i>tyran</i> fell.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ty"ran*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female
tyrant.</def> [Obs.] "That proud <i>tyranness</i>."  <i>Spenser.
Akenside.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ty*ran"nic</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Ty*ran"nic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tyrannicus</i>, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
<i>tyrannique</i>. See <u>Tyrant</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a tyrant;
suiting a tyrant; unjustly severe in government; absolute; imperious;
despotic; cruel; arbitrary; as, a <i>tyrannical</i> prince; a
<i>tyrannical</i> master; <i>tyrannical</i> government.</def> "A power
<i>tyrannical</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our sects a more <i>tyrannic</i> power assume.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The oppressor ruled <i>tyrannic</i> where he
durst.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ty*ran"nic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ty*ran"nic*al*ness</wf>, .</p>

<p><hw>Ty*ran"ni*ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to tyrannicide, or the murder of a tyrant.</def>
<i>Booth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ty*ran"ni*ci`de</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tyrannicidium</i> the killing of a tyrant, <i>tyrannicida</i> the killer
of a tyrant; <i>tyrannus</i> a tyrant + <i>caedere</i> to kill: cf. F.
<i>tyrannicide</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of killing a
tyrant.</def>  <i>Hume.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who kills a tyrant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tyr"an*nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a tyrant;
tyrannical.</def> [Obs.] "The proud <i>tyrannish</i> Roman."
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tyr"an*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tyrannized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tyrannizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>tyranniser</i>, Gr. &?; to take the
part of tyrants.] <def>To act the tyrant; to exercise arbitrary power; to
rule with unjust and oppressive severity; to exercise power others not
permitted by law or required by justice, or with a severity not necessary
to the ends of justice and government; as, a prince will often
<i>tyrannize</i> over his subjects; masters sometimes <i>tyrannize</i> over
their servants or apprentices.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tyr"an*nize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To subject to
arbitrary, oppressive, or tyrannical treatment; to oppress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tyr"an*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tyrannical;
arbitrary; unjustly severe; despotic.</def> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i> --
<wf>Tyr"an*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tyr"an*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tirannye</i>, OF.
<i>tirannie</i>, F. <i>tyrannie</i>; cf. It. <i>tirannia</i>; Gr. &?;, &?;,
L. <i>tyrannis</i>. See <u>Tyrant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
government or authority of a tyrant; a country governed by an absolute
ruler; hence, arbitrary or despotic exercise of power; exercise of power
over subjects and others with a rigor not authorized by law or justice, or
not requisite for the purposes of government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Sir," would he [Seneca] say, "an emperor mote need<BR>
Be virtuous and hate <i>tyranny</i>."</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cruel government or discipline; as, the
<i>tyranny</i> of a schoolmaster.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Severity; rigor; inclemency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tyranny</i> of the open night's too rough<BR>
For nature to endure.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tyr"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>tirant</i>,
<i>tiraunt</i>, <i>tyraunt</i>, OF. <i>tiran</i>, <i>tirant</i> (probably
from confusion with the p. pr. of verbs), F. <i>tyran</i>, L.
<i>tyrannus</i>, Gr. &?;, originally, an absolute sovereign, but
afterwards, a severe or cruel ruler.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An absolute
ruler; a sovereign unrestrained by law or constitution; a usurper of
sovereignty.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Free governments [in Greece] having superseded the old hereditary
sovereignties (<grk>basilei^ai</grk>), all who obtained absolute power in a
state were called <grk>ty\rannoi</grk>, <i>tyrants</i>, or rather
<i>despots</i>; -- for the term rather regards the irregular way in which
the power was <i>gained</i>, whether force or fraud, than the way in which
it was <i>exercised</i>, being applied to the mild Pisistratus, but not to
the despotic kings of Persia. However, the word soon came to imply
reproach, and was then used like our <i>tyrant</i>.  <i>Liddell &
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a monarch, or other ruler or
master, who uses power to oppress his subjects; a person who exercises
unlawful authority, or lawful authority in an unlawful manner; one who by
taxation, injustice, or cruel punishment, or the demand of unreasonable
services, imposes burdens and hardships on those under his control, which
law and humanity do not authorize, or which the purposes of government do
not require; a cruel master; an oppressor.</def> "This false <i>tyrant</i>,
this Nero."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Love, to a yielding heart, is a king, but to a resisting, is
a <i>tyrant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of American clamatorial birds belonging to the family
<i>Tyrannid&aelig;</i>; -- called also <i>tyrant bird</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; These birds are noted for their irritability and pugnacity, and
for the courage with which they attack rapacious birds far exceeding them
in size and strength. They are mostly plain-colored birds, but often have a
bright-colored crown patch. A few species, as the scissorstail, are
handsomely colored. The kingbird and pewee are familiar examples.</p>

<p><col><b>Tyrant flycatcher</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of tyrants which have a flattened bill, toothed at the
tip, and resemble the true flycatchers in habits. The Acadian flycatcher
(<i>Empidonax Acadicus</i>) and the vermilion flycatcher (<i>Pyrocephalus
rubineus</i>) are examples.</cd> -- <col><b>Tyrant shrike</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of American tyrants of
the genus <i>Tyrannus</i> having a strong toothed bill and resembling the
strikes in habits. The kingbird is an example.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ty"rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act like a tyrant;
to play the tyrant; to tyrannical.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tyre</hw> (?), [Tamil <i>tayir</i>.] <def>Curdled milk.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><hw>Tyre</hw>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Attire. See 2d and 3d
<u>Tire</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tyre</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To prey. See 4th
<u>Tire</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Tyr"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Tyrius</i>, from
<i>Tyrus</i> Tyre, Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
Tyre or its people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being of the color called Tyrian
purple.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bright-eyed perch with fins of <i>Tyrian</i>
dye.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Tyrian purple</b></col>, or <col><b>Tyrian dye</b></col>, <cd>a
celebrated purple dye prepared in ancient Tyre from several mollusks,
especially Ianthina, Murex, and Purpura. See the Note under <u>Purple</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1, and <i>Purple of mollusca</i>, under
<u>Purple</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Tyr"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Tyrius</i>.] <def>A
native of Tyre.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Tyros</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>tiro</i> a newlylevied soldier, a
beginner.] <def>A beginner in learning; one who is in the rudiments of any
branch of study; a person imperfectly acquainted with a subject; a
novice.</def> [Written also <i>tiro</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The management of <i>tyros</i> of eighteen<BR>
Is difficult.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ty"ro*cin*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>tirocinium</i>
first service or trial, fr. <i>tiro</i>. See <u>Tyro</u>.] <def>The state
of being a tyro, or beginner; apprenticeship.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Blount.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tyr"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Tyrol</i>, where
it occurs.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A translucent mineral of a green color and
pearly or vitreous luster. It is a hydrous arseniate of copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"ro*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being a
tyro, or beginner.</def> [Written also <i>tironism</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tyr"o*sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; cheese.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline nitrogenous substance
present in small amount in the pancreas and spleen, and formed in large
quantity from the decomposition of proteid matter by various means, -- as
by pancreatic digestion, by putrefaction as of cheese, by the action of
boiling acids, etc. Chemically, it consists of oxyphenol and amidopropionic
acid, and by decomposition yields oxybenzoic acid, or some other benzol
derivative.</def> [Written also <i>tyrosine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tyr`o*tox"i*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
cheese + &?;. See <u>Toxic</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A ptomaine
discovered by Vaughan in putrid cheese and other dairy products, and
producing symptoms similar to cholera infantum. Chemically, it appears to
be related to, or identical with, diazobenzol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tyr`o*tox"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Tyrotoxicon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"son*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After S. T.
<i>Tyson</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A fluoride of the cerium metals occurring
in hexagonal crystals of a pale yellow color.   Cf.
<u>Fluocerite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"stie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>&thorn;eisti</i>, Norw. <i>teiste</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
black guillemot.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tythe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tithe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tyth"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Tithing</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tzar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The emperor of Russia.  See
<u>Czar</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tza*ri"na</hw> (?), <hw>Tza*rit"za</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The empress of Russia.  See
<u>Czarina</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tzet"ze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Tsetse</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1560 !></p>

<p><point26>U.</point26></p>

<p><hw>U</hw> (&umacr;), <def>the twenty-first letter of the English
alphabet, is a cursive form of the letter V, with which it was formerly
used interchangeably, both letters being then used both as vowels and
consonants. U and V are now, however, differentiated, U being used only as
a vowel or semivowel, and V only as a consonant. The true primary vowel
sound of U, in Anglo-Saxon, was the sound which it still retains in most of
the languages of Europe, that of long <i>oo</i>, as in <i>tool</i>, and
short <i>oo</i>, as in <i>wood</i>, answering to the French <i>ou</i> in
<i>tour</i>. Etymologically U is most closely related to <i>o</i>, <i>y</i>
(vowel), <i>w</i>, and <i>v</i>; as in <i>two</i>, d<i>u</i>et,
d<i>y</i>ad, t<i>w</i>ice; t<i>o</i>p, t<i>u</i>ft; s<i>o</i>p, s<i>u</i>p;
a<i>u</i>spice, a<i>v</i>iary. See V, also O and Y.</def></p>

<p>See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 130-144.</p>

<p><hw>Ua*ka"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Ouakari</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ber*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>uber</i>.]
<def>Fruitful; copious; abundant; plentiful.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ber*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ubertas</i>.]
<def>Fruitfulness; copiousness; abundance; plenty.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Florio.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>U`bi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <hw>U*bi"e*ty</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>ubicatio</i>, <i>ubietas</i>, fr. L.
<i>ubi</i> where.] <def>The quality or state of being in a place; local
relation; position or location; whereness.</def> [R.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`bi*qua"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ubiquitous.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>U"bi*quist</hw> (?), <hw>U*biq`ui*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ubique</i> everywhere: cf. F. <i>ubiquiste</i>,
<i>ubiquitaire</i>. See <u>Ubiquity</u>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of
a school of Lutheran divines which held that the body of Christ is present
everywhere, and especially in the eucharist, in virtue of his omnipresence.
Called also <i>ubiquitist</i>, and <i>ubiquitary</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*biq"ui*ta*ri*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or
state of being ubiquitary, or ubiquitous.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*biq"ui*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ubique</i>
everywhere. See <u>Ubiquitarian</u>.] <def>Ubiquitous.</def>
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*biq"ui*ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ubiquitaries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
exists everywhere.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A ubiquist.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*biq"ui*tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Ubiquist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*biq"ui*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ubiquity</u>.]
<def>Existing or being everywhere, or in all places, at the same time;
omnipresent.</def> -- <wf>U*biq"ui*tous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>In this sense is he <i>ubiquitous</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. D.
Hitchcock.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*biq"ui*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ubique</i>
everywhere, fr. <i>ubi</i> where, perhaps for <i>cubi</i>, <i>quobi</i>
(cf. <i>alicubi</i> anywhere), and if so akin to E. <i>who</i>: cf. F.
<i>ubiquit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Existence everywhere, or
in places, at the same time; omnipresence; as, the <i>ubiquity</i> of God
is not disputed by those who admit his existence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The arms of Rome . . . were impeded by . . . the wide spaces
to be traversed and the <i>ubiquity</i> of the enemy.</blockquote> <i>C.
Merivale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine, as formulated by
Luther, that Christ's glorified body is omnipresent.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"chees</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A
tribe of North American Indians belonging to the Creek
confederation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Uck`e*wal"list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of a sect of rigid Anabaptists, which originated in 1637, and
whose tenets were essentially the same as those of the Mennonists. In
addition, however, they held that Judas and the murderers of Christ were
saved. So called from the founder of the sect, <i>Ucke Wallis</i>, a native
of Friesland.</def>  <i>Eadie.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"dal</hw> (&umacr;"d<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>&omacr;&eth;al</i> allodium, an hereditary estate; akin to Sw.
<i>odal</i> allodial, Dan. <i>odel</i>.] <def>In Shetland and Orkney, a
freehold; property held by udal, or allodial, right.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"dal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Allodial; -- a term used in
Finland, Shetland, and Orkney. See <u>Allodial</u>.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>U"dal*er</hw> (?), <hw>U"dal*man</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>In the Shetland and Orkney Islands, one who holds property by udal, or
allodial, right.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ud"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>uddir</i>, AS.
<i>&umacr;der</i>; akin to D. <i>uijer</i>, G. <i>euter</i>, OHG.
<i>&umacr;tar</i>, <i>&umacr;tiro</i>, Icel. <i>j&umacr;gr</i>, Sw.
<i>jufver</i>, <i>jur</i>, Dan. <i>yver</i>, L. <i>uber</i>, Gr.
<grk>o"y^qar</grk>, Skr. <i>&umacr;dhar</i>. &radic;216.  Cf.
<u>Exuberant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The glandular
organ in which milk is secreted and stored; -- popularly called the
<i>bag</i> in cows and other quadrupeds. See <u>Mamma</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A lioness, with <i>udders</i> all drawn dry.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of the breasts of a woman.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Yon Juno of majestic size,<BR>
With cowlike <i>udders</i>, and with oxlike eyes.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ud"dered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an udder or
udders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ud"der*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute or deprived of an udder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, without mother's milk; motherless; as,
<i>udderless</i> lambs.</def> [Poetic]  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*dom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>udus</i> wet,
moist + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A rain gauge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ugh</hw> (&oocr;), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>An exclamation
expressive of disgust, horror, or recoil. Its utterance is usually
accompanied by a shudder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ug"le*some</hw> (&ubreve;g"'l*s&ubreve;m), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[&radic;3. See <u>Ugly</u>.] <def>Ugly.</def> [Obs.] "Such an
<i>uglesome</i> countenance."  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ug"li*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Ugly</i> + <i>-
fy</i>.] <def>To disfigure; to make ugly.</def> [R.]  <i>Mad.
D'Arblay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ug"li*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an ugly manner; with
deformity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ug"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being ugly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ug"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Uglier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Ugliest</u>.] [Icel.
<i>uggligr</i> fearful, dreadful; <i>uggr</i> fear (akin to <i>ugga</i> to
fear) + <i>-ligr</i> (akin to E. <i>-ly</i>, <i>like</i>). &?;&?;.  Cf.
<u>Awe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Offensive to the sight; contrary to
beauty; being of disagreeable or loathsome aspect; unsightly; repulsive;
deformed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ugly</i> view of his deformed crimes.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the toad, <i>ugly</i> and venomous.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, I have passed a miserable night,<BR>
So full of <i>ugly</i> sights, of ghastly dreams.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ill-natured; crossgrained; quarrelsome; as, an
<i>ugly</i> temper; to feel <i>ugly</i>.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unpleasant; disagreeable; likely to cause
trouble or loss; as, an <i>ugly</i> rumor; an <i>ugly</i> customer.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Ug"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shade for the face,
projecting from the bonnet.</def> [Colloq. Eng.]  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ug"ly</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make ugly.</def> [R.]
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"gri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A
Mongolian race, ancestors of the Finns.</def> [Written also
<i>Uigrian</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ug"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [&?;&?;. See <u>Ugly</u>.]
<def>Ugly; offensive; loathsome.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Ug"some*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] "The horror and <pos><i>ugsomeness</i></pos> of
death."  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Uh"lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>uhlan</i>, Pol.
<i>ulan</i>, <i>hulan</i>, from Turk. <i>ogl&amacr;n</i> a youth, lad; of
Tartar origin.] [Written also <i>ulan</i>, and formerly <i>hulan</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of a certain description of militia among the
Tartars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>One of a kind of light cavalry of
Tartaric origin, first introduced into European armies in Poland.  They are
armed with lances, pistols, and sabers, and are employed chiefly as
skirmishers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U*in`ta*the"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Uinta</i>, the Indian name of the region where the animals were
discovered + Gr. <grk>qhri`on</grk> beast.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An
extinct genus of large Eocene ungulates allied to Dinoceras. This name is
sometimes used for nearly all the known species of the group. See
<u>Dinoceras</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*kase"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Russ. <i>ukas'</i>;
pref. <i>u-</i> + <i>kazate</i> to show, to say.] <def>In Russia, a
published proclamation or imperial order, having the force of
law.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Uhlan</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*lar"bu*rong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native Malay
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large East Indian nocturnal tree snake
(<i>Dipsas dendrophila</i>). It is not venomous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ulc&egrave;re</i>, L.
<i>ulcus</i>, gen. <i>ulceris</i>, akin to Gr. &?;.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A solution of continuity in any of the soft parts of the
body, discharging purulent matter, found on a surface, especially one of
the natural surfaces of the body, and originating generally in a
constitutional disorder; a sore discharging pus. It is distinguished from
an <i>abscess</i>, which has its beginning, at least, in the depth of the
tissues.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Anything that festers and corrupts like an
open sore; a vice in character.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cold ulcer</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an ulcer on a finger or
toe, due to deficient circulation and nutrition. In such cases the
extremities are cold.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ul"cer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To ulcerate.</def> [R.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul"cer*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
ulcerating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"cer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ulcerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ulcerating</u>.] [L. <i>ulceratus</i>, p. p. of <i>ulcerare</i>, fr.
<i>ulcus</i> ulcer.] <def>To be formed into an ulcer; to become
ulcerous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"cer*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To affect with, or as
with, an ulcer or ulcers.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul"cer*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with, or
as with, an ulcer or ulcers; as, an <i>ulcerated</i> sore throat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul`cer*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ulceratio</i>:
cf. F. <i>ulc&eacute;ration</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The process of forming
an ulcer, or of becoming ulcerous; the state of being ulcerated; also, an
ulcer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"cer*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to ulcers; as, an <i>ulcerative</i> process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"cered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ulcerous;
ulcerated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"cer*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ulcerous</i>: cf.
F. <i>ulc&eacute;reux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the nature or
character of an ulcer; discharging purulent or other matter.</def>  <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with an ulcer or ulcers;
ulcerated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It will but skin and film the <i>ulcerous</i>
place.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ul"cer*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ul"cer*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ul"cus*cle</hw> (?), <hw>Ul*cus"cule</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ulcusculum</i>, dim. of <i>ulcus</i>. See
<u>Ulcer</u>.] <def>A little ulcer.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>U"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
Mexican and Central American tree (<i>Castilloa elastica</i> and <i>C.
Markhamiana</i>) related to the breadfruit tree. Its milky juice contains
caoutchouc. Called also <i>ule tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*le"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>'ulem&amacr;</i> the
wise or learned men, pl. of <i>'&amacr;lim</i> wise, learned, fr.
<i>alima</i> to know.] <def>A college or corporation in Turkey composed of
the hierarchy, namely, the imams, or ministers of religion, the muftis, or
doctors of law, and the cadis, or administrators of justice.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"lex*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After a German chemist.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral occurring in white rounded crystalline masses.
It is a hydrous borate of lime and soda.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>U*lig"i*nose`</hw> (?), <hw>U*lig"i*nous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>uliginosus</i>, fr. <i>uligo</i>, <i>-inis</i>,
moisture, fr. <i>uvere</i> to be moist.] <def>Muddy; oozy; slimy; also,
growing in muddy places.</def> [R.]  <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul"lage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>eullage</i>,
<i>ovillage</i>, the filling up of a cask, fr. <i>ouillier</i>,
<i>oillier</i>, <i>euillier</i>, to fill a wine cask; properly, to add oil
to prevent evaporation, as to a flask that is nearly full, fr. OF.
<i>oile</i> oil. See <u>Oil</u>.] <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The amount which a
vessel, as a cask, of liquor lacks of being full; wantage;
deficiency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>hullote</i>, E.
<i>howlet</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European owl (<i>Syrnium
aluco</i>) of a tawny color; -- called also <i>uluia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ull"mann*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after J. C.
<i>Ullman</i>, a German chemist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A brittle mineral of a
steel-gray color and metallic luster, containing antimony, arsenic,
sulphur, and nickel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul*lu"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Melluc&?;o</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul*ma"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ulmus</i> an elm.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a suborder of urticaceous plants, of
which the elm is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of
ulmic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ulmus</i> an elm: cf.
F. <i>ulmique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to ulmin; designating an
acid obtained from ulmin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ulmus</i> an elm: cf.
F. <i>ulmine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A brown amorphous substance found in
decaying vegetation.  Cf. <u>Humin</u>.</def> [Formerly written
<i>ulmine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ul"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., an elm.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of trees including the elm.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ul"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the elbow. See
<u>Ell</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The postaxial bone of
the forearm, or branchium, corresponding to the fibula of the hind limb.
See <u>Radius</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>An ell; also, a yard.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul"nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ulna</u>, and cf.
<u>Alnage</u>.] <i>(Old Eng. Law)</i> <def>Measurement by the ell;
alnage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the ulna, or the elbow; as, the <i>ulnar</i> nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ul*na"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ulnaria</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Ulna</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>One of the bones or cartilages of the carpus, which articulates with
the ulna and corresponds to the cuneiform in man.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U`lo*den"dron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
for &?; whole + &?; tree.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of fossil
trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U`lo*na"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of insects nearly equivalent to the
true Orthoptera.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*lot"ri*chan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anthropol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Ulotrichi.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One of the Ulotrichi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U*lot"ri*chi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;, woolly-haired; &?; woolly + &?;, &?;, hair.] <i>(Anthropol.)</i>
<def>The division of mankind which embraces the races having woolly or
crispy hair.  Cf. <u>Leiotrichi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*lot"ri*chous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anthropol.)</i>
<def>Having woolly or crispy hair; -- opposed to
<i>leiotrichous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A long, loose overcoat,
worn by men and women, originally made of frieze from <i>Ulster</i>,
Ireland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul*te"ri*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., comp. of
<i>ultra</i>, <i>ultro</i>, beyond, on the other side, properly cases of an
old adjective, formed with a comparative suffix, which is akin to OL.
<i>uls</i> beyond, L. <i>olim</i> formerly, hereafter, orig., at that time,
<i>ille</i> that, OL. <i>olle</i>, <i>ollus</i>.  Cf. <u>Outrage</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Situated beyond, or on the farther side; thither; -
- correlative with <i>hither</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Further; remoter; more distant; succeeding; as,
<i>ulterior</i> demands or propositions; <i>ulterior</i> views; what
<i>ulterior</i> measures will be adopted is uncertain.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ulterior object</b></col> or <col><b>aim</b></col>, <cd>an
object or aim beyond that which is avowed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ul*te"ri*or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ulterior side or
part.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul*te"ri*or*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>More distantly or
remotely.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ul"ti*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., fem. <i>ultimus</i>
last.] <def>Most remote; furthest; final; last.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ultima ratio</b></col> [L.], <cd>the last reason or argument;
the last resort.</cd> -- <col><b>Ultima Thule</b></col>. [L.] <cd>See
<u>Thule</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ul"ti*ma</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fem. of <i>ultimus</i>
last.] <i>(Gram. &amp; Pros.)</i> <def>The last syllable of a word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>ultimatus</i>
last, extreme, fr. L. <i>ultimare</i> to come to an end, fr. <i>ultimus</i>
the farthest, last, superl. from the same source as <i>ulterior</i>. See
<u>Ulterior</u>, and cf. <u>Ultimatum</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Farthest; most remote in space or time; extreme; last;
final.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My harbor, and my <i>ultimate</i> repose.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many actions apt to procure fame are not conductive to this
our <i>ultimate</i> happiness.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Last in a train of progression or consequences;
tended toward by all that precedes; arrived at, as the last result;
final.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>ultimate</i> truths and those universal laws of
thought which we can not rationally contradict.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of further analysis; incapable of
further division or separation; constituent; elemental; as, an
<i>ultimate</i> constituent of matter.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ultimate analysis</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>organic
analysis. See under <u>Organic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ultimate
belief</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Belief</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ultimate
ratio</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the limiting value of a ratio, or that
toward which a series tends, and which it does not pass.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Final; conclusive. See <u>Final</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ul"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ultimated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ultimating</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To come or bring to an end; to
eventuate; to end.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To come or bring into use or practice.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ul"ti*mate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>As a final
consequence; at last; in the end; as, afflictions often tend to correct
immoral habits, and <i>ultimately</i> prove blessings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul`ti*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
ultimate; that which is ultimate, or final; ultimatum.</def> [R.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul`ti*ma"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Ultimatums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Ultimata</b></plw> (#). [NL.
See <u>Ultimate</u>.] <def>A final proposition, concession, or condition;
especially, the final propositions, conditions, or terms, offered by either
of the parties in a diplomatic negotiation; the most favorable terms a
negotiator can offer, the rejection of which usually puts an end to the
hesitation.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1561 !></p>

<p><hw>Ul"time</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ultimate; final.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul*tim"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>ultimatus</i>
extremity, fr. L. <i>ultimus</i> the last.] <def>The last stage or
consequence; finality.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ul"ti*mo</hw>. [L. <i>ultimo</i> (<i>mense</i>) in the last
month.] <def>In the month immediately preceding the present; as, on the 1st
<i>ultimo</i>; -- usually abbreviated to ult.  Cf.
<u>Proximo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ultio</i>.] <def>The
act of taking vengeance; revenge.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul"tra-</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A prefix from the Latin
<i>ultra</i> beyond (see <u>Ulterior</u>), having in composition the
signification <i>beyond</i>, <i>on the other side</i>, chiefly when joined
with words expressing relations of place; as, <i>ultra</i>marine,
<i>ultra</i>montane, <i>ultra</i>mundane, <i>ultra</i>tropical, etc. In
other relations it has the sense of <i>excessively</i>, <i>exceedingly</i>,
<i>beyond what is common</i>, <i>natural</i>, <i>right</i>, or
<i>proper</i>; as, <i>ultra</i>conservative; <i>ultra</i>democratic,
<i>ultra</i>despotic, <i>ultra</i>liberal, <i>ultra</i>radical,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"tra</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ultra-</u>.] <def>Going
beyond others, or beyond due limit; extreme; fanatical; uncompromising; as,
an <i>ultra</i> reformer; <i>ultra</i> measures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"tra</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who advocates extreme
measures; an ultraist; an extremist; a radical.</def>  <i>Brougham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul"trage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Outrage.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ul"tra*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ultra&iuml;sme</i>. See <u>Ultra-</u>.] <def>The principles of those who
advocate extreme measures, as radical reform, and the like.</def>  <i>Dr.
H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul"tra*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who pushes a
principle or measure to extremes; an extremist; a radical; an
ultra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul`tra*ma*rine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ultra-</i>
+ <i>marine</i>.] <def>Situated or being beyond the sea.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul`tra*ma*rine"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>ultramarino</i>. So called because the lapis lazuli was originally
brought from beyond the sea, -- from Asia.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A blue
pigment formerly obtained by powdering lapis lazuli, but now produced in
large quantities by fusing together silica, alumina, soda, and sulphur,
thus forming a glass, colored blue by the sodium polysulphides made in the
fusion. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Green ultramarine</b></col>, <cd>a green pigment obtained as a
first product in the manufacture of ultramarine, into which it is changed
by subsequent treatment.</cd> -- <col><b>Ultramarine ash</b></col> or
<col><b>ashes</b></col> <i>(Paint.)</i>, <cd>a pigment which is the
residuum of lapis lazuli after the ultramarine has been extracted. It was
used by the old masters as a middle or neutral tint for flesh, skies, and
draperies, being of a purer and tenderer gray that produced by the mixture
of more positive colors.</cd> <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul`tra*mon"tane</hw> (?), [LL. <i>ultramontanus</i>; L. <i>ultra</i>
beyond + <i>montanus</i> belonging to a mountain, from <i>mons</i>,
<i>montis</i>, mountain: cf. F. <i>ultramontain</i>, It.
<i>ultramontano</i>. See <u>Ultra-</u>, and <u>Mountain</u>.] <def>Being
beyond the mountains; specifically, being beyond the Alps, in respect to
the one who speaks.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This term was first applied, somewhat contemptuously, by the
Italians, to the nations north of the Alps, especially the Germans and
French, their painters, jurists, etc.  At a later period, the French and
Germans applied it to the Italians. It is now more particularly used in
respect to religious matters; and <i>ultramontane doctrines</i>, when
spoken of north of the Alps, denote the extreme views of the pope's rights
and supremacy maintained by Bellarmin and other Italian writers.</p>

<p><hw>Ul`tra*mon"tane</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who resides beyond the mountains, especially beyond the Alps; a
foreigner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who maintains extreme views favoring the
pope's supremacy. See <u>Ultramontanism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul`tra*mon"ta*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ultramontanisme</i>.] <def>The principles of those within the Roman
Catholic Church who maintain extreme views favoring the pope's supremacy; -
- so used by those living north of the Alps in reference to the Italians; -
- rarely used in an opposite sense, as referring to the views of those
living north of the Alps and opposed to the papal claims.  Cf.
<u>Gallicanism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul`tra*mon"ta*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
upholds ultramontanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul`tra*mun"dane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ultramundanus</i>. See <u>Ultra-</u>, and <u>Mundane</u>.] <def>Being
beyond the world, or beyond the limits of our system.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul`tra*red"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ultra-</i> +
<i>red</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Situated beyond or below the red rays;
as, the <i>ultrated</i> rays of the spectrum, which are less refrangible
than the red.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul`tra*trop"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ultra-
</i> + <i>tropical</i>.] <def>Situated beyond, or outside of, the tropics;
extratropical; also, having an excessively tropical temperature; warmer
than the tropics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul`tra*vi"o*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ultra-</i>
+ <i>violet</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Lying outside the visible spectrum
at its violet end; -- said of rays more refrangible than the extreme violet
rays of the spectrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ul`tra vi"res</hw> (?), [Law Latin, from L. prep. <i>ultra</i>
beyond + <i>vires</i>, pl. of. <i>vis</i> strength.] <def>Beyond power;
transcending authority; -- a phrase used frequently in relation to acts or
enactments by corporations in excess of their chartered or statutory
rights.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul`tra*zo*di"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ultra-
</i> + <i> zodiacal</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Outside the zodiac; being
in that part of the heavens that is more than eight degrees from the
ecliptic; as, <i>ultrazodiacal</i> planets, that is, those planets which in
part of their orbits go beyond the zodiac.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul*tro"ne*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ultroneus</i>,
from <i>ultro</i> to the further side, on his part, of one's own accord.
See <u>Ultra-</u>.] <def>Spontaneous; voluntary.</def> [Obs.] <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i> -- <wf>Ul*tro"ne*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] --
<wf>Ul*tro"ne*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ul"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a screech owl.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of owls including the great gray owl
(<i>Ulula cinerea</i>) of Arctic America, and other similar species. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Owl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"u*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Howling;
wailing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ululated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ululating</u>.] [L. <i>ululatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ululare</i> to howl,
yell, shriek.] <def>To howl, as a dog or a wolf; to wail; as,
<i>ululating</i> jackals.</def>  <i>Sir T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ul`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ululatio</i>.]
<def>A howling, as of a dog or wolf; a wailing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He may fright others with his <i>ululation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wither.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ul"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., sedge.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of thin papery bright green seaweeds including the kinds
called <i>sea lettuce</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um"be</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [AS. <i>ymbe</i>; akin to
OHG. <i>umbi</i>, G. <i>um</i>.  Cf. <u>Amb-</u>.] <def>About.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Layamon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um"be*cast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<i>Umbe</i> +
<i>cast</i>.] <def>To cast about; to consider; to ponder.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Malory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um"bel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>umbella</i> a little
shadow, umbrella, dim. of <i>umbra</i> shade. See <u>Umbrella</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of flower cluster in which the flower stalks
radiate from a common point, as in the carrot and milkweed. It is simple or
compound; in the latter case, each peduncle bears another little umbel,
called <i>umbellet</i>, or <i>umbellule</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um"bel*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to an umbel; having the form of an umbel.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Um"bel*late</hw> (?), <hw>Um"bel*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>umbellatus</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing
umbels; pertaining to an umbel; umbel-like; as, <i>umbellate</i> plants or
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um"bel*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small
or partial umbel; an umbellule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um*bel"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, certain umbelliferous plants; as,
<i>umbellic</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Umbellic acid</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Anisic acid.</cd> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A yellow powder
obtained from umbelliferone.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Um*bel"li*fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Umbelliferous</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant producing an umbel or
umbels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um`bel*lif"er*one</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A tasteless white crystalline substance,
C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, found in the bark of a certain
plant (<i>Daphne Mezereum</i>), and also obtained by the distillation of
certain gums from the <i>Umbellifer&aelig;</i>, as galbanum, asafetida,
etc. It is analogous to coumarin. Called also <i>hydroxy-
coumarin</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Um`bel*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Umbel</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>: cf. F. <i>ombillif&egrave;re</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Producing umbels.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Of or pertaining to a natural order (<i>Umbellifer&aelig;</i>) of
plants, of which the parsley, carrot, parsnip, and fennel are well-known
examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Um*bel`lu*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<u>Umbellule</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of deep-sea alcyonaria
consisting of a cluster of large flowerlike polyps situated at the summit
of a long, slender stem which stands upright in the mud, supported by a
bulbous base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um"bel*lule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>umbellula</i>,
dim. of <i>umbella</i>: cf. F. <i>ombellule</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
umbellet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ombre</i> ocherous ore
of iron, <i>terre d'ombre</i>, It. <i>terra d'ombra</i>, literally, earth
of shadow or shade, L. <i>umbra</i> shadow, shade.  Cf. <u>Umber</u>, 3 &
4, <u>Umbrage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A brown or
reddish pigment used in both oil and water colors, obtained from certain
natural clays variously colored by the oxides of iron and manganese. It is
commonly heated or burned before being used, and is then called <i>burnt
umber</i>; when not heated, it is called <i>raw umber</i>. See <i>Burnt
umber</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An umbrere.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [F. <i>ombre</i>, <i>umbre</i>, L. <i>umbra</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Grayling</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Cf. NL. <i>scopus umbretta</i>, F. <i>ombrette</i>;
probably fr. L. <i>umbra</i> shade, in allusion to its dark brown color.
See <u>Umber</u> a pigment.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An African wading
bird (<i>Scopus umbretta</i>) allied to the storks and herons. It is dull
dusky brown, and has a large occipital crest. Called also <i>umbrette</i>,
<i>umbre</i>, and <i>umber bird</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Burnt umber</b></col> <i>(Paint.)</i>, <cd>a pigment made by
burning raw umber, which is changed by this process from an olive brown to
a bright reddish brown.</cd> -- <col><b>Cologne</b></col>, or
<col><b>German</b></col>, <col><b>umber</b></col>, <cd>a brown pigment
obtained from lignite. See <u>Cologne earth</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Um"ber</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to umber;
resembling umber; olive-brown; dark brown; dark; dusky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their harps are of the <i>umber</i> shade<BR>
That hides the blush of waking day.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Drake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um"ber</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To color with umber; to
shade or darken; as, to <i>umber</i> over one's face.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um"ber*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
umber; like umber; as, <i>umbery</i> gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um*bil"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>umbilicus</i>:
cf. F. <i>ombilic</i>. See <u>Navel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
navel; the center.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>umbilic</i> of the world."  <i>Sir
T. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>An umbilicus. See
<u>Umbilicus</u>, 5 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um*bil"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Umbilical</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um*bil"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ombilical</i>. See <u>Umbilic</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to an umbilicus, or
umbilical cord; umbilic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the center; central.</def> [R.]
<i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Umbilical cord</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<cd>The cord which connects the fetus with the placenta, and contains the
arteries and the vein through which blood circulates between the fetus and
the placenta; the navel-string.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>The little stem by which the seeds are attached to the placenta; --
called also <i>funicular cord</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Umbilical
hernia</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>hernia of the bowels at the
umbilicus.</cd> -- <col><b>Umbilical point</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>an
umbilicus. See <u>Umbilicus</u>, 5.</cd> -- <col><b>Umbilical
region</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the middle region of the abdomen,
bounded above by the epigastric region, below by the hypogastric region,
and on the sides by the lumbar regions.</cd> -- <col><b>Umbilical
vesicle</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a saccular appendage of the
developing embryo, containing the nutritive and unsegmented part of the
ovum; the yolk sac. See <i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Um*bil"i*cate</hw> (?), <hw>Um*bil"i*ca`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>umbilicatus</i>. See <u>Umbilic</u>.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Depressed in the middle, like a navel, as a
flower, fruit, or leaf; navel-shaped; having an umbilicus; as, an
<i>umbilicated</i> smallpox vesicle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Supported by a stalk at the central point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um*bil"i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slight,
navel-like depression, or dimpling, of the center of a rounded body; as,
the <i>umbilication</i> of a smallpox vesicle; also, the condition of being
umbilicated.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Um`bi*li"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Umbilic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The depression, or
mark, in the median line of the abdomen, which indicates the point where
the umbilical cord separated from the fetus; the navel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. &amp; Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>An ornamented or
painted ball or boss fastened at each end of the stick on which manuscripts
were rolled.</def>  <i>Dr. W. Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The hilum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
depression or opening in the center of the base of many spiral
shells.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Either one of the two apertures in
the calamus of a feather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of foci
of an ellipse, or other curve.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
point of a surface at which the curvatures of the normal sections are all
equal to each other. A sphere may be osculatory to the surface in every
direction at an umbilicus. Called also <i>umbilic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um"ble pie`</hw> (?). <def>A pie made of umbles. See <i>To eat
humble pie</i>, under <u>Humble</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um"bles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See <u>Nombles</u>.]
<def>The entrails and coarser parts of a deer; hence, sometimes, entrails,
in general.</def> [Written also <i>humbles</i>.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Um"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Umbones</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Umbos</b></plw> (#). [L.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The boss of a shield, at or near the middle, and
usually projecting, sometimes in a sharp spike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boss, or rounded elevation, or a corresponding
depression, in a palate, disk, or membrane; as, the <i>umbo</i> in the
integument of the larv&aelig; of echinoderms or in the tympanic membrane of
the ear.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the lateral
prominence just above the hinge of a bivalve shell.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Um"bo*nate</hw> (?), <hw>Um"bo*na`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>umbonatus</i>. See <u>Umbo</u>.] <def>Having a
conical or rounded projection or protuberance, like a boss.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Um"bra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Umbr&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a shadow.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The conical shadow projected from
a planet or satellite, on the side opposite to the sun, within which a
spectator could see no portion of the sun's disk; -- used in
contradistinction from <i>penumbra</i>. See <u>Penumbra</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The central dark portion, or nucleus, of a sun
spot.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The fainter part of a sun spot; -- now
more commonly called <i>penumbra</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of sci&aelig;noid food fishes of the genus <i>Umbrina</i>, especially the
Mediterranean species (<i>U. cirrhosa</i>), which is highly esteemed as a
market fish; -- called also <i>ombre</i>, and <i>umbrine</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Umbra tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree (<i>Phytolacca
diocia</i>) of the same genus as pokeweed. It is native of South America,
but is now grown in southern Europe. It has large dark leaves, and a somber
aspect. The juice of its berries is used for coloring wine.</cd>  <i>J.
Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).</i></p>

<p><hw>Um*brac`u*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>umbraculum</i> umbrella (dim. of <i>umbra</i> shade) + <i>-ferous</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing something like an open umbrella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um*brac`u*li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>umbraculum</i> any thing that furnishes shade, a bower, umbrella (dim.
of <i>umbra</i> a shade) + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of anything
that serves to shade, as a tree top, an umbrella, and the like;
specifically <i>(Bot.)</i>, having the form of an umbrella; umbrella-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1562 !></p>

<p><hw>Um"brage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ombrage</i>
shade, suspicion, umbrage, L. <i>umbraticus</i> belonging to shade, fr.
<i>umbra</i> a shade.  Cf. <u>Umber</u>, <u>Umbratic</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shade; shadow; obscurity; hence, that which affords
a shade, as a screen of trees or foliage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where highest woods, impenetrable<BR>
To star or sunlight, spread their <i>umbrage</i> broad.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shadowy resemblance; shadow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The opinion carries no show of truth nor <i>umbrage</i> of
reason on its side.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The feeling of being overshadowed; jealousy of
another, as standing in one's light or way; hence, suspicion of injury or
wrong; offense; resentment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which gave <i>umbrage</i> to wiser than myself.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Persons who feel most <i>umbrage</i> from the overshadowing
aristocracy.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um*bra"geous</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ombraqeux</i> shy, skittish, suspicious, in OF. also, shady. See
<u>Umbrage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Forming or affording a shade;
shady; shaded; as, <i>umbrageous</i> trees or foliage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Umbrageous</i> grots and caves<BR>
Of cool recess, o'er which the mantling vine<BR>
Lays forth her purple grape.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not easily perceived, as if from being darkened
or shaded; obscure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Feeling jealousy or umbrage; taking, or disposed
to take, umbrage; suspicious.</def> [Obs.] <i>Bp. Warburton.</i> --
<wf>Um*bra"geous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Um*bra"geous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Um"brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>umbratus</i>, p.
p. of <i>umbrare</i> to shade, fr. <i>umbra</i> a shade.] <def>To shade; to
shadow; to foreshadow.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Um*brat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Um*brat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>umbraticus</i>, from <i>umbra</i> shade. See
<u>Umbrage</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the shade or darkness; shadowy;
unreal; secluded; retired.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um"bra*tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>umbraticus</i>,
fr. <i>umbra</i> shade.] <def>Umbratic.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um*bra"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>umbra</i> a
shade.  Cf. <u>Umbrageous</u>.] <def>Suspicious; captious; disposed to take
umbrage.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um"bre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Umber</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um*brel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An umbrella.</def>
[Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Each of them besides bore their <i>umbrels</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um*brel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>umbrella</i>, fr.
<i>ombra</i> a shade, L. <i>umbra</i>; cf. L. <i>umbella</i> a sunshade, a
parasol.  Cf. <u>Umbel</u>, <u>Umbrage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
shade, screen, or guard, carried in the hand for sheltering the person from
the rays of the sun, or from rain or snow. It is formed of silk, cotton, or
other fabric, extended on strips of whalebone, steel, or other elastic
material, inserted, or fastened to, a rod or stick by means of pivots or
hinges, in such a way as to allow of being opened and closed with ease. See
<u>Parasol</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Underneath the <i>umbrella's</i> oily shed.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The umbrellalike disk, or
swimming bell, of a jellyfish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any marine tectibranchiate
gastropod of the genus <i>Umbrella</i>, having an umbrella-shaped shell; --
called also <i>umbrella shell</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Umbrella ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the sauba ant; -
- so called because it carries bits of leaves over its back when foraging.
Called also <i>parasol ant</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Umbrella bird</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a South American bird (<i>Cephalopterus
ornatus</i>) of the family <i>Cotingid&aelig;</i>. It is black, with a
large handsome crest consisting of a mass of soft, glossy blue feathers
curved outward at the tips. It also has a cervical plume consisting of a
long, cylindrical dermal process covered with soft hairy feathers. Called
also <i>dragoon bird</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Umbrella leaf</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American perennial herb (<i>Dyphylleia cymosa</i>),
having very large peltate and lobed radical leaves.</cd> --
<col><b>Umbrella shell</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Umbrella</u>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Umbrella tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a kind of magnolia (<i>M. Umbrella</i>) with the large leaves arranged
in umbrellalike clusters at the ends of the branches.  It is a native of
Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Kentucky.  Other plants in various countries
are called by this name, especially a kind of screw pine (<i>Pandanus
odoratissimus</i>).</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Um*brere</hw>, <hw>Um*briere</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ombre</i> a shade, L. <i>umbra</i>; cf. F. <i>ombrelle</i> a sunshade,
OF. also <i>ombri&egrave;re</i>. See <u>Umbrella</u>.] <def>In ancient
armor, a visor, or projection like the peak of a cap, to which a face guard
was sometimes attached. This was sometimes fixed, and sometimes moved
freely upon the helmet and could be raised like the beaver. Called also
<i>umber</i>, and <i>umbril</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But only vented up her <i>umbriere</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um*brette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>ombrette</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Umber</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um*brif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>umbrifer</i>;
<i>umbra</i> a shade + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Casting or making a
shade; umbrageous.</def> -- <wf>Um*brif"er*ous*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Um"bril</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A umbrere.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Um"brine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Umbra</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um"brose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>umbrosus</i>, fr.
<i>umbra</i> a shade.] <def>Shady; umbrageous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Um*bros"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being umbrose; shadiness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um*ho"fo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
African two-horned rhinoceros (<i>Atelodus, or Rhinoceros, simus</i>); --
called also <i>chukuru</i>, and <i>white rhinoceros</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Um"laut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., from <i>um</i> about +
<i>laut</i> sound.] <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>The euphonic modification of a
root vowel sound by the influence of <i>a</i>, <i>u</i>, or especially
<i>i</i>, in the syllable which formerly followed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is peculiar to the Teutonic languages, and was common in
Anglo-Saxon. In German the umlauted vowels resulting from <i>a</i>,
<i>o</i>, <i>u</i>, followed by old <i>i</i>, are written <i>&auml;</i>,
<i>&ouml;</i>, <i>&uuml;</i>, or <i>ae</i>, <i>oe</i>, <i>ue</i>; as,
<i>m&auml;nner</i> or <i>maenner</i>, men, from <i>mann</i>, man. Examples
of forms resulting from umlaut in English are <i>geese</i> pl. of
<i>goose</i>, <i>men</i> pl. of <i>man</i>, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Um"laut*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>Having
the umlaut; as, <i>umlauted</i> vowels.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is so natural connection between <i>umlauted</i> forms
and plurality.</blockquote> <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um"pi*rage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Umpire</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office of an umpire; the power, right, or
authority of an umpire to decide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind <i>umpirage</i> of the federal Union.</blockquote>
<i>E. Everett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of umpiring; arbitrament.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um"pire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>nompere</i>,
<i>nounpere</i> (also <i>impier</i>, fr. F. <i>impair</i> uneven), fr. OF.
<i>nomper</i> uneven, F. <i>non-pair</i>; hence the meaning, uneven, <i>i.
e.</i>, third person; <i>non</i> not + OF. <i>per</i> even, equal, peer, F.
<i>pair</i>; cf. L. <i>impar</i> uneven, unequal. See <u>Non-</u>, and
<u>Peer</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A person to whose sole decision a controversy or
question between parties is referred; especially, one chosen to see that
the rules of a game, as cricket, baseball, or the like, are strictly
observed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man, in questions of this kind, is able to be a skillful
<i>umpire</i> between himself and others.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A third person, who is to decide a
controversy or question submitted to arbitrators in case of their
disagreement.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Judge; arbitrator; referee. See <u>Judge</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Um"pire</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Umpired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Umpiring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To decide as umpire; to
arbitrate; to settle, as a dispute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Judges appointed to <i>umpire</i> the matter in contest
between them, and to decide where the right lies.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perform the duties of umpire in or for; as,
to <i>umpire</i> a game.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Um"pire</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act as umpire or
arbitrator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Um"pire*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Umpirage;
arbitrament.</def>  <i>Jewel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um"press</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Female umpire.</def>
[R.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Um"quhile</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>umwhile</i>
for a time. See <u>While</u>.] <def>Some time ago; formerly.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Former.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Un-</hw>. [OE. <i>un-</i>, <i>on-</i>, the unaccented form of the
accented prefix <i>and-</i> (cf. <u>Answer</u>); akin to D. <i>ont-</i>, G.
<i>ent-</i>, OHG. <i>int-</i>, Goth. <i>and-</i>. See <u>Anti-</u>.]
<def>An inseparable verbal prefix or particle. It is prefixed:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> To verbs to express the contrary, and not the simple
negative, of the action of the verb to which it is prefixed; as in
<i>un</i>coil, <i>un</i>do, <i>un</i>fold. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> To nouns to
form verbs expressing privation of the thing, quality, or state expressed
by the noun, or separation from it; as in <i>un</i>child, <i>un</i>sex.
Sometimes particles and participial adjectives formed with this prefix
coincide in form with compounds of the negative prefix <i>un-</i> (see 2d
<u>Un-</u>); as in <i>un</i>done (from <i>un</i>do), meaning unfastened,
ruined; and <i>un</i>done (from 2d <i>un-</i> and <i>done</i>) meaning not
done, not finished. <i>Un-</i> is sometimes used with an intensive force
merely; as in <i>un</i>loose.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Compounds of this prefix are given in full in their proper order
in the Vocabulary.</p>

<p><hw>Un-</hw>. [OE. &amp; AS. <i>un-</i>; akin to OFries. <i>un-</i>, D.
<i>on-</i>, OS., OHG., &amp; G. <i>un-</i>, Icel. <i>&omacr;-</i>, <i>&umacr;-
</i>, Sw. <i>o-</i>, Dan. <i>u-</i>, W. <i>an-</i>, L. <i>in-</i>, Gr. &?;,
&?;, Skr. <i>an-</i>, <i>a-</i>. &radic;193.  Cf. <u>A-</u> not <u>In-</u>
not, No, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>An inseparable prefix, or particle,
signifying <i>not</i>; <i>in-</i>; <i>non-</i>. <i>In-</i> is prefixed
mostly to words of Latin origin, or else to words formed by Latin suffixes;
<i>un-</i> is of much wider application, and is attached at will to almost
any adjective, or participle used adjectively, or adverb, from which it may
be desired to form a corresponding negative adjective or adverb, and is
also, but less freely, prefixed to nouns. <i>Un-</i> sometimes has merely
an intensive force; as in <i>un</i>merciless,
<i>un</i>remorseless.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>I</i></sd>. <def><i>Un-</i> is prefixed to adjectives, or to
words used adjectively.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To adjectives, to denote the absence of the
quality designated by the adjective</def>; as, --</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To past particles, or to adjectives formed
after the analogy of past particles, to indicate the absence of the
condition or state expressed by them</def>; as, --</p>

<p><pre><b>Unabolishable</b><BR>
<b>Unabsolvable</b><BR>
<b>Unabsurd</b><BR>
<b>Unabundant</b><BR>
<b>Unaccordant</b><BR>
<b>Unadoptable</b><BR>
<b>Unadventurous</b><BR>
<b>Unaffable</b><BR>
<b>Unaffectionate</b><BR>
<b>Unafraid</b><BR>
<b>Unalliable</b><BR>
<b>Unallowablew</b><BR>
<b>Unalterable</b><BR>
<b>Unambiguous</b><BR>
<b>Unambitious</b><BR>
<b>Unamendable</b><BR>
<b>Un-American</b><BR>
<b>Unamusive</b><BR>
<b>Unangular</b><BR>
<b>Unanxious</b><BR>
<b>Unapocryphal</b><BR>
<b>Unapostolic</b><BR>
&colbreak;
<b>Unapparent</b><BR>
<b>Unappeasable</b><BR>
<b>Unapplausive</b><BR>
<b>Unappreciable</b><BR>
<b>Unapprehensible</b><BR>
<b>Unapprehensive</b><BR>
<b>Unapproachable</b><BR>
<b>Unartificial</b><BR>
<b>Unartistic</b><BR>
<b>Unassailable</b><BR>
<b>Unattainable</b><BR>
<b>Unattentive</b><BR>
<b>Unauthentic</b><BR>
<b>Unavailable</b><BR>
<b>Unbailable</b><BR>
<b>Unbearable</b><BR>
<b>Unbeautiful</b><BR>
<b>Unbeliefful</b><BR>
<b>Unbelievable</b><BR>
<b>Unbeneficial</b><BR>
<b>Unbenevolent</b><BR>
<b>Unblamable</b><BR>
&colbreak;
<b>Unblemishable</b><BR>
<b>Unblissful</b><BR>
<b>Unboastful</b><BR>
<b>Unbold</b><BR>
<b>Unbookish</b><BR>
<b>Unbounteous</b><BR>
<b>Unbribable</b><BR>
<b>Unbrotherly</b><BR>
<b>Unburdensome</b><BR>
<b>Unbusinesslike</b><BR>
<b>Unbusy</b><BR>
<b>Uncandid</b><BR>
<b>Uncanonical</b><BR>
<b>Uncaptious</b><BR>
<b>Uncareful</b><BR>
<b>Uncelestial</b><BR>
<b>Unceremonious</b><BR>
<b>Unchallengeable</b><BR>
<b>Unchangeable</b><BR>
<b>Unchary</b><BR>
<b>Unchastisable</b><BR>
<b>Uncheerful</b><BR>

<b>Uncheery</b><BR>
<b>Unchildish</b><BR>
<b>Unchivalrous</b><BR>
<b>Uncholeri</b><BR>
<b>Unchristianlike</b><BR>
<b>Uncircumspect</b><BR>
<b>Uncivic</b><BR>
<b>Unclassible</b><BR>
<b>Unclassic</b><BR>
<b>Unclassical</b><BR>
<b>Uncleanly</b><BR>
<b>Unclear</b><BR>
<b>Unclerical</b><BR>
<b>Unclerklike</b><BR>
<b>Unclose</b><BR>
<b>Uncloudy</b><BR>
<b>Unclubbable</b><BR>
<b>Uncoagulable</b><BR>
<b>Uncogitable</b><BR>
<b>Uncollectible</b><BR>
<b>Uncomic</b><BR>
<b>Uncommendable</b><BR>
<b>Uncommercial</b><BR>
<b>Uncommunicable</b><BR>
<b>Uncommunicative</b><BR>
<b>Uncompact</b><BR>
<b>Uncompanionable</b><BR>
<b>Uncompassionate</b><BR>
<b>Uncompellable</b><BR>
<b>Uncompetitive</b><BR>
<b>Uncomplaisant</b><BR>
<b>Uncompliant</b>
<b>Uncomplimentary</b><BR>
<b>Unconcealable</b><BR>
<b>Unconcurrent</b><BR>
<b>Unconditionate</b><BR>
<b>Unconfinable</b><BR>
<b>Unconfutable</b><BR>
<b>Uncongealable</b><BR>
<b>Uncongenial</b><BR>
<b>Unconjugal</b><BR>
<b>Unconjunctive</b><BR>
<b>Unconquerable</b><BR>
<b>Unconsecrate</b><BR>
<b>Uncontainable</b><BR>
<b>Uncontaminate</b><BR>
<b>Uncontradictable</b><BR>
<b>Uncontrite</b><BR>
<b>Unconvenable</b><BR>
<b>Unconventional</b><BR>
<b>Unconversable</b><BR>
<b>Unconversant</b><BR>
<b>Unconvertible</b><BR>
<b>Uncoquettish</b><BR>
<b>Uncordial</b><BR>
<b>Uncorpulent</b><BR>
<b>Uncorrespondent</b><BR>
<b>Uncorruptible</b><BR>
<b>Uncorruptive</b><BR>
<b>Uncostly</b><BR>
<b>Uncounselable</b><BR>
<b>Uncountable</b><BR>
<b>Uncounterfeit</b><BR>
<b>Uncourteous</b><BR>
<b>Uncourtierlike</b><BR>
<b>Uncourtly</b><BR>
<b>Uncrafty</b><BR>
<b>Uncreatable</b><BR>
<b>Uncritical</b><BR>
<b>Uncrystalline</b><BR>
<b>Uncultivable</b><BR>
<b>Uncurious</b><BR>
<b>Uncustomary</b><BR>
<b>Undangerous</b><BR>
<b>Undaughterly</b><BR>
<b>Undead</b><BR>
<b>Unddeceivable</b><BR>
<b>Undecidable</b><BR>
<b>Undecipherable</b><BR>
<b>Undeclinable</b><BR>
<b>Undecomposable</b><BR>
<b>Undefinable</b><BR>
<b>Undelectable</b><BR>
<b>Undeliberate</b><BR>
<b>Undelightful</b><BR>
<b>Undeliverable</b><BR>
<b>Undemocratic</b><BR>
<b>Undemonstrable</b><BR>
<b>Undemonstrative</b><BR>
<b>Undeniable</b><BR>
<b>Underogatory</b><BR>
<b>Undescendible</b><BR>
<b>Undescribable</b><BR>
<b>Undesirable</b><BR>
<b>Undesirous</b><BR>
<b>Undescribable</b><BR>
<b>Undevout</b><BR>
<b>Undiaphonous</b><BR>
<b>Undiligent</b><BR>
<b>Undiminishable</b><BR>
<b>Undiscernible</b><BR>
<b>Undisciplinable</b><BR>
<b>Undiscordant</b><BR>
<b>Undiscoverable</b><BR>
<b>Undissolvable</b><BR>
<b>Undistinguishable</b><BR>
<b>Undividable</b><BR>
<b>Undivine</b><BR>
<b>Undomestic</b><BR>
<b>Undoubtful</b></pre>
&colbreak;</p>

<p><pre><b>Undrainable</b><BR>
<b>Undramatic</b><BR>
<b>Undrinkable</b><BR>
<b>Undurable</b><BR>
<b>Unduteous</b><BR>
<b>Undutiful</b><BR>
<b>Unearnest</b><BR>
<b>Uneatable</b><BR>
<b>Unecclesiastical</b><BR>
<b>Unedible</b><BR>
<b>Unelaborate</b><BR>
<b>Unelective</b><BR>
<b>Unelusive</b><BR>
<b>Unemotional</b><BR>
<b>Unemphatic</b><BR>
<b>Unemployable</b><BR>
<b>Unendurable</b><BR>
<b>Un-English</b><BR>
<b>Unentire</b><BR>
<b>Unenviable</b><BR>
<b>Unenvious</b><BR>
<b>Unepiscopal</b><BR>
<b>Unequible</b><BR>
<b>Unerrable</b><BR>
<b>Unescapable</b><BR>
<b>Unevangelical</b><BR>
<b>Uneventful</b><BR>
<b>Unevident</b><BR>
<b>Unexact</b><BR>
<b>Unexaminable</b><BR>
<b>Unexceptionable</b><BR>
<b>Unexclusive</b><BR>
<b>Unexemplary</b><BR>
<b>Unexempt</b><BR>
<b>Unexhaustible</b><BR>
<b>Unexistent</b><BR>
<b>Unexpectable</b><BR>
<b>Unexpectant</b><BR>
<b>Unexplainable</b><BR>
<b>Unexpress</b><BR>
<b>Unexpressible</b><BR>
<b>Unexpugnable</b><BR>
<b>Unextinct</b><BR>
<b>Unfactious</b><BR>
<b>Unfadable</b><BR>
<b>Unfain</b><BR>
<b>Unfamiliar</b><BR>
<b>Unfamous</b><BR>
<b>Unfashionable</b><BR>
<b>Unfast</b><BR>
<b>Unfatherly</b><BR>
<b>Unfathomable</b><BR>
<b>Unfaulty</b><BR>
<b>Unfearful</b><BR>
<b>Unfeasible</b><BR>
<b>Unf</b><BR>
<b>Unfelicitous</b><BR>
<b>Unfelt</b><BR>
<b>Unfeminine</b><BR>
<b>Unfermentable</b><BR>
<b>Unfestival</b><BR>
<b>Unfine</b><BR>
<b>Unfleshy</b><BR>
<b>Unfluent</b><BR>
<b>Unforcible</b><BR>
<b>Unfordable</b><BR>
<b>Unforeknowable</b><BR>
<b>Unforeseeable</b><BR>
<b>Unforgetful</b><BR>
<b>Unforgivable</b><BR>
<b>Unformal</b><BR>
<b>Unframable</b><BR>
<b>Unfraternal</b><BR>
<b>Unfriable</b><BR>
<b>Unfrightful</b><BR>
<b>Unfrustrable</b><BR>
<b>Unfull</b><BR>
<b>Ungainable</b><BR>
<b>Ungainful</b><BR>
<b>Ungallant</b><BR>
<b>Ungenial</b><BR>
<b>Ungenteel</b><BR>
<b>Ungentle</b><BR>
<b>Ungentlemanlike</b><BR>
<b>Ungentlemanly</b><BR>
<b>Ungeometrical</b><BR>
<b>Unghostly</b><BR>
<b>Unglad</b><BR>
<b>Ungodlike</b><BR>
<b>Ungood</b><BR>
<b>Ungoodly</b><BR>
<b>Ungorgeous</b><BR>
<b>Ungrammatical</b><BR>
<b>Ungrave</b><BR>
<b>Unguidable</b><BR>
<b>Unguilty</b><BR>
<b>Unhabile</b><BR>
<b>Unhabitable</b><BR>
<b>Unhale</b><BR>
<b>Unhandy</b><BR>
<b>Unhardy</b><BR>
<b>Unharmful</b><BR>
<b>Unhasty</b><BR>
<b>Unhazardous</b><BR>
<b>Unhealable</b><BR>
<b>Unhealthful</b><BR>
<b>Unhealthy</b><BR>
<b>Unheavenly</b><BR>
<b>Unheedful</b><BR>
<b>Unhelpful</b><BR>
<b>Unheritable</b><BR>
&colbreak;</pre></p>

<p><pre><b>Unhigh</b>
<b>Unhonorable</b>
<b>Unhopeful</b>
<b>Unhostile</b>
<b>Unhurt</b>
<b>Unhhurtful</b>
<b>Unhygienic</b>
<b>Unideal</b>
<b>Unidle</b>
<b>Unillusory</b>
<b>Unimaginable</b>
<b>Unimaginative</b>
<b>Unimmortal</b>
<b>Unimplicit</b>
<b>Unimportant</b>
<b>Unimpressible</b>
<b>Unimpressionable</b>
<b>Unimprovable</b>
<b>Unipugnable</b>
<b>Unincidental</b>
<b>Unincrasable</b>
<b>Unindifferent</b>
<b>Unindulgent</b>
<b>Unindustrious</b>
<b>Uninflammable</b>
<b>Uninfluential</b>
<b>Uningenious</b>
<b>Uningenuous</b>
<b>Uninhabitable</b>
<b>Uninjurious</b>
<b>Uninquisitive</b>
<b>Uninstructive</b>
<b>Unintelligent</b>
<b>Unintelligible</b>
<b>Unintentional</b>
<b>Uninteresting</b>
<b>Uninterpretable</b>
<b>Uninventive</b>
<b>Uninvestigable</b>
<b>Unjealous</b>
<b>Unjoyful</b>
<b>Unjoyous</b>
<b>Unjustifiable</b>
<b>Unkingly</b>
<b>Unknightly</b>
<b>Unknotty</b>
<b>Unknowable</b>
<b>Unlaborious</b>
<b>Unladylike</b>
<b>Unlevel</b>
<b>Unlibidinous</b>
<b>Unlightsome</b>
<b>Unlimber</b>
<b>Unlineal</b>
<b>Unlogical</b>
<b>Unlordly</b>
<b>Unlosable</b>
<b>Unlovable</b>
<b>Unlucent</b>
<b>Unluminous</b>
<b>Unlustrous</b>
<b>Unlusty</b>
<b>Unmaidenly</b>
<b>Unmakable</b>
<b>Unmalleable</b>
<b>Unmanageable</b>
<b>Unmanful</b>
<b>Unmanlike</b>
<b>Unmanly</b>
<b>Unmarketable</b>
<b>Unmarriable</b>
<b>Unmarriageable</b>
<b>Unmarvelous</b>
<b>Unmasculine</b>
<b>Unmatchable</b>
<b>Unmatronlike</b>
<b>Unmeek</b>
<b>Unmeet</b>
<b>Unmelodious</b>
<b>Unmendable</b>
<b>Unmentionable</b>
<b>Unmercenary</b>
<b>Unmerciable</b>
<b>Unmeritable</b>
<b>Unmerry</b>
<b>Unmetaphorical</b>
<b>Unmighty</b>
<b>Unmild</b>
<b>Unmilitary</b>
<b>Unmindful</b>
<b>Unmingleable</b>
<b>Unmiraculous</b>
<b>Unmiry</b>
<b>Unmitigable</b>
<b>Unmodifiable</b>
<b>Unmodish</b>
<b>Unmoist</b>
<b>Unmonkish</b>
<b>Unmotherly</b>
<b>Unmuscular</b>
<b>Unmusical</b>
<b>Unmysterious</b>
<b>Unnamable</b>
<b>Unnative</b>
<b>Unnavigable</b>
<b>Unneedful</b>
<b>Unnegotiable</b>
<b>Unniggard</b>
<b>Unnoble</b>
<b>Unobjectionable</b>
&colbreak;</pre></p>

<p><! p. 1563 !></p>

<p> ---- and the like.</p>

<p><! p. 1564 !></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To present particles which come from
intransitive verbs, or are themselves employed as adjectives, to mark the
absence of the activity, disposition, or condition implied by the
participle; as, -</p>

<p> ---- and the like.</def></p>

<p>The above classes of words are unlimited in extent, and such compounds
may be formed by any writer or speaker at will from almost all the
adjectives or participles in the language, excepting those which have a
recognized and usual negative correspondent with the prefix <i>-in</i>. No
attempt will be made, therefore, to define them all in this Dictionary;
many will be omitted from its Vocabulary which are negations of the simple
word, and are readily explained by prefixing a <i>not</i> to the latter.
Derivatives of these words in <i>-ly</i> and <i>-ness</i> will also, for
the most part, be omitted for the same or similar reasons.</p>

<p>   There will be inserted as separate articles with definitions, the
following: --</p>

<p>  <b>1.</b> <def>Those which have acquired an opposed or contrary,
instead of a merely negative, meaning; as, <i>unfriendly</i>,
<i>ungraceful</i>, <i>unpalatable</i>, <i>unquiet</i>, and the like; or
else an intensive sense more than a prefixed <i>not</i> would express; as,
<i>unending</i>, <i>unparalleled</i>, <i>undisciplined</i>,
<i>undoubted</i>, <i>unsafe</i>, and the like.</def></p>

<p>  <b>2.</b>  <def>Those which have the value of independent words,
inasmuch as the simple words are either not used at all, or are rarely, or
at least much less frequently, used; as, <i>unavoidable</i>,
<i>unconscionable</i>, <i>undeniable</i>, <i>unspeakable</i>,
<i>unprecedented</i>, <i>unruly</i>, and the like; or inasmuch as they are
used in a different sense from the usual meaning of the primitive, or
especially in one of the significations of the latter; as,
<i>unaccountable</i>, <i>unalloyed</i>, <i>unbelieving</i>,
<i>unpretending</i>, <i>unreserved</i>, and the like; or inasmuch as they
are so frequently and familiarly used that they are hardly felt to be of
negative origin; as, <i>uncertain</i>, <i>uneven</i>, and the
like.</def></p>

<p>  <b>3.</b>  <def>Those which are anomalous, provincial, or, for some
other reason, not desirable to be used, and are so indicated; as,
<i>unpure</i> for <i>impure</i>, <i>unsatisfaction</i> for
<i>dissatisfaction</i>, <i>unexpressible</i> for <i>inexpressible</i>, and
the like.</def>
</p>

<p><sd><i>II</i></sd>. <def><i>Un-</i> is prefixed to nouns to express the
absence of, or the contrary of, that which the noun signifies; as,
<i>unbelief</i>, <i>unfaith</i>, <i>unhealth</i>, <i>unrest</i>,
<i>untruth</i>, and the like.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Compounds of this last class are given in full in their proper
order in the Vocabulary.</p>

<p><hw>Un`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inability.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*a"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not able; not having
sufficient strength, means, knowledge, skill, or the like; impotent' weak;
helpless; incapable; -- now usually followed by an infinitive or an
adverbial phrase; as, <i>unable</i> for work; <i>unable</i> to bear
fatigue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sapless age and weak <i>unable</i> limbs.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*a"bled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disabled.</def> [Obs.]
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*a"ble*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inability.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"na boat`</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The English name for a
catboat; -- so called because <i>Una</i> was the name of the first boat of
this kind taken to England.</def>  <i>D. Kemp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`a*bridged"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not abridged, or
shortened; full; complete; entire; whole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ab*sorb"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not absorbable;
specifically <i>(Physiol.)</i>, not capable of absorption; unable to pass
by osmosis into the circulating blood; as, the <i>unabsorbable</i> portion
of food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ac*cept`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being unacceptable; unacceptableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ac*cept"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not acceptable;
not pleasing; not welcome; unpleasant; disagreeable; displeasing;
offensive.</def> -- <wf>Un`ac*cept"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`ac*cept"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`ac*cess"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inaccessible.</def>  <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ac*com"plished</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
accomplished or performed; unfinished; also, deficient in accomplishment;
unrefined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ac*com"plish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state
of being unaccomplished.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ac*count`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality or state of being unaccountable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ac*count"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not accountable or responsible; free from control.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not to be accounted for; inexplicable; not
consonant with reason or rule; strange; mysterious.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`ac*count"a*ble*ness</wf>}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`ac*count"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1565 !></p>

<p><hw>Un*ac"cu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inaccurate.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ac"cu*rate*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inaccuracy.</def>
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ac*cus"tomed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not used; not habituated; unfamiliar; unused; -- which
<i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chastened as a bullock <i>unaccustomed</i> to
yoke.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xxxi. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not usual; uncommon; strange; new.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>unaccustomed</i> cause procures her
hither?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ac*quaint"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being unacquainted; want of acquaintance; ignorance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was then in happy <i>unacquaintance</i> with everything
connected with that obnoxious cavity.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ac*quaint"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not acquainted.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not usual; unfamiliar; strange.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And the <i>unacquainted</i> light began to
fear.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ac*quaint"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unacquaintance.</def>  <i>Whiston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ac"tive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inactive; listless.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>While other animals <i>unactive</i> range.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ac"tive</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>active</i>; or from <i>unactive</i>, a.] <def>To render inactive or
listless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ac"tive*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inactivity.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un`ad*mis"si*ble</hw> (?), <hw>Un`ad*mit"ta*ble</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inadmissible.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Un`a*dul"ter*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Un`a*dul"ter*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not adulterated; pure.</def> "<i>Unadulterate</i>
air." <i>Cowper.</i> -- <wf>Un`a*dul"ter*ate*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`ad*vis"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not advisable;
inadvisable; inexpedient.</def> <i>Lowth.</i> -- <wf>Un`ad*vis"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`ad*vised"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not prudent; not discreet; ill advised.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done without due consideration; wanton; rash;
inconsiderate; as, an <i>unadvised</i> proceeding.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`ad*vis"ed*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`ad*vis"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`af*fect"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not affected or moved; destitute of affection or emotion;
uninfluenced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A poor, cold, unspirited, unmannered,<BR>
Unhonest, <i>unaffected</i>, undone fool.</blockquote> <i>J.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Free from affectation; plain; simple; natural;
real; sincere; genuine; as, <i>unaffected</i> sorrow.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`af*fect"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`af*fect"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`a*filed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Undefiled.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`a*gree"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Disagreeable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not agreeing or consistent; unsuitable.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`a*gree"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`a*gree"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*aid"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of being
aided.</def> "Her <i>unaidable</i> estate."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*al"ien*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inalienable; as,
<i>unalienable</i> rights.</def> <i>Swift.</i> -- <wf>Un*al"ien*a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>U"nal*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>unus</i> one.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>An ecclesiastical who holds but one benefice; --
distinguished from <i>pluralist</i>.</def> [Eng.]  <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`al*lied"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not allied; having
no ally; having no connection or relation; as, <i>unallied</i> species or
genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`al*loyed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not alloyed; not
reduced by foreign admixture; unmixed; unqualified; pure; as,
<i>unalloyed</i> metals; <i>unalloyed</i> happiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I enjoyed <i>unalloyed</i> satisfaction in his
company.</blockquote> <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*almsed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having received
alms.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Pollock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*am`bi*gu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence of
ambiguity; clearness; perspicuity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`am*bi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The absence of
ambition.</def> [R.]  <i>F. W. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*a`mi*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being unamiable; moroseness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*a"mi*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not amiable;
morose; ill-natured; repulsive.</def> -- <wf>Un*a"mi*a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*an"chor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>anchor</i>.] <def>To loose from the anchor, as a ship.</def>  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`a*neled"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not aneled; not
having received extreme unction.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*nan"i*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Unanimous</u>.]
<def>Unanimous.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>U`na*nim"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>unanimitas</i>:
cf. F. <i>unanimit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
unanimous.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*nan"i*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>unanimus</i>,
<i>unanimus</i>; <i>unus</i> one + <i>animus</i> mind: cf. F.
<i>unanime</i>. See <u>Unit</u>, and <u>Animate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being of one mind; agreeing in opinion, design, or determination;
consentient; not discordant or dissentient; harmonious; as, the assembly
was <i>unanimous</i>; the members of the council were
<i>unanimous</i>.</def> "Both in one faith <i>unanimous</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formed with unanimity; indicating unanimity;
having the agreement and consent of all; agreed upon without the opposition
or contradiction of any; as, a <i>unanimous</i> opinion; a <i>unanimous</i>
vote.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>U*nan"i*mous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>U*nan"i*mous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*an`swer*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
quality of being unanswerable; unanswerableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*an"swer*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not answerable;
irrefutable; conclusive; decisive; as, he have an <i>unanswerable</i>
argument.</def> -- <wf>Un*an"swer*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*an"swer*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*an"swered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not answered; not replied; as, an <i>unanswered</i> letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not refuted; as, an <i>unanswered</i>
argument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not responded to in kind; unrequited; as,
<i>unanswered</i> affection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ap*palled"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not appalled; not
frightened; dauntless; undaunted.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ap*par"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>apparel</i>.] <def>To divest of clothing; to strip.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ap*peal"a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not appealable; that can not be carried to a higher tribunal by
appeal; as, an <i>unappealable</i> suit or action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not to be appealed from; -- said of a judge or a
judgment that can not be overruled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The infallible, <i>unappealable</i> Judge
[God].</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We submitted to a galling yet <i>unappealable</i>
necessity.</blockquote> <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`ap*peal"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`ap*pli"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inapplicable.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ap"pli*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inapplicable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ap*pro"pri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i>
not + <i>appropriate</i>, a.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Inappropriate;
unsuitable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not appropriated.</def>  <i>Bp.
Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ap*pro"pri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref.
<i>un-</i> + <i>appropriate</i>, v. t.] <def>To take from private
possession; to restore to the possession or right of all; as, to
<i>unappropriate</i> a monopoly.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ap*pro"pri*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i>
not + <i>appropriated</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not specially
appropriate; having not special application.</def>  <i>J. Warton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not granted to any person, corporation, or the
like, to the exclusion of others; as, <i>unappropriated</i>
lands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not granted for, or applied to, any specific
purpose; as, the <i>unappropriated</i> moneys in the treasury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ap*proved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not approved.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not proved.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*apt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Inapt; slow; dull.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unsuitable; unfit; inappropriate.</def>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not accustomed and not likely; not
disposed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a soldier and <i>unapt</i> to weep.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*apt"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un*apt"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`a*quit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Un-</u> not, and
<u>Acquit</u>.] <def>Unrequited.</def> [R. &amp; Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ar"gued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not argued or debated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not argued against; undisputed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not censured.</def> [A Latinism. Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*arm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>arm</i>.] <def>To disarm.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*arm"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To puff off, or lay down,
one's arms or armor.</def> "I'll <i>unarm</i> again."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*armed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>armed</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not armed or armored; having no arms or
weapons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Having no hard and sharp
projections, as spines, prickles, spurs, claws, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*art"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ignorant of the arts.</def> [Obs.]  <i>E. Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not artificial; plain; simple.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*art"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lacking art or skill;
artless.</def> <i>Congreve.</i> -- <wf>Un*art"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <pos><i>Swift.</i></pos>
<pos><i>Burke.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`ar*tis"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inartistic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`a*scried"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not descried.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`a*served"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not served.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`as*sum"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not assuming; not
bold or forward; not arrogant or presuming; humble; modest; retiring; as,
an <i>unassuming</i> youth; <i>unassuming</i> manners.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`as*sured"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not assured; not bold or confident.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not to be trusted.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not insured against loss; as, <i>unassured</i>
goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`a*ton"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not capable of being brought into harmony; irreconcilable.</def>
"<i>Unatonable</i> matrimony." [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being atoned for;
inexpiable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`at*tached"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not attached; not adhering; having no engagement; free.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Not assigned to any company or
regiment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Not taken or arrested.</def>  <i>R.
Junius.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`at*ten"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inattentive;
careless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`at*tire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>altire</i>.] <def>To divest of attire; to undress.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*nau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Brazilian.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The two-toed sloth (<i>Cholopus didactylus</i>),
native of South America. It is about two feet long. Its color is a uniform
grayish brown, sometimes with a reddish tint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*au"di*enced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not given an
audience; not received or heard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`aus*pi"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inauspicious.</def>  <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*au"thor*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>authorize</i>.] <def>To disown the authority of; to
repudiate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`a*void"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not avoidable; incapable of being shunned or prevented; inevitable;
necessary; as, <i>unavoidable</i> troubles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Not voidable; incapable of being
made null or void.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Unavoidable hemorrhage</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>hemorrhage
produced by the afterbirth, or placenta, being situated over the mouth of
the womb so as to require detachment before the child can be born.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`a*void"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`a*void"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`a*void"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
avoided or shunned.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unavoidable; inevitable.</def> [Obs.]  <i> B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`a*ware"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not aware; not
noticing; giving no heed; thoughtless; inattentive.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`a*ware"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Unawares.</def>
[Poetic]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`a*wares"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without design or
preparation; suddenly; without premeditation, unexpectedly.</def> "Mercies
lighting <i>unawares</i>."  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest <i>unawares</i> we lose<BR>
This our high place, our sanctuary, our hill.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At unaware</b></col>, or <col><b>At unawares</b></col>,
<cd>unexpectedly; by surprise.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>He breaks <i>at unawares</i> upon our walks.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So we met<BR>
In this old sleepy town an <i>at unaware</i>.</blockquote> <i>R.
Browning.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Un*backed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Never mounted by a rider; unbroken.</def> "<i>Unbacked</i> colts."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not supported or encouraged; not countenanced;
unaided.</def>  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bag"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bag</i>.] <def>To pour, or take, or let go, out of a bag or
bags.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bal"anced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [In senses 1 and 2,
pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>balanced</i>; in sense 3, 1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>balance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not balanced; not in equipoise;
having no counterpoise, or having insufficient counterpoise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let Earth <i>unbalanced</i> from her orbit fly.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Not adjusted; not settled; not
brought to an equality of debt and credit; as, an <i>unbalanced</i>
account; <i>unbalanced</i> books.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being, or being thrown, out of equilibrium;
hence, disordered or deranged in sense; unsteady; unsound; as, an
<i>unbalanced</i> mind.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bal"last</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>ballast</i>.] <def>To free from ballast; to discharge ballast
from.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bal"last</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not ballasted.</def>
[Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bal"last*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Properly p. p. <i>unballast</i>.] <def>Freed from ballast; having
discharged ballast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>ballasted</i>.] <def>Not
furnished with ballast; not kept steady by ballast; unsteady; as,
<i>unballasted</i> vessels; <i>unballasted</i> wits.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Unballasted</i> by any sufficient weight of
plan.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ban"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>band</i> + <i>-ed</i>.] <def>Wanting a band or string; unfastened.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bank"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bank</i>.] <def>To remove a bank from; to open by, or as if by, the
removal of a bank.</def>  <i>H. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bar</i>.] <def>To remove a bar or bars from; to unbolt; to open; as, to
<i>unbar</i> a gate.</def>  <i>Heber.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*barbed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not shaven.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of bards, or of reversed points,
hairs, or plumes; as, an <i>unbarded</i> feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bark"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bark</i> rind.] <def>To deprive of the bark; to decorticate; to strip;
as, to <i>unbark</i> a tree.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bark"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bark</i> the vessel.] <def>To cause to disembark; to land.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bar"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>barrel</i>.] <def>To remove or release from a barrel or
barrels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bar`ri*cade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>barricade</i>.] <def>To unbolt; to unbar; to open.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall not <i>unbarricade</i> the door.</blockquote>
<i>J. Webster (1623).</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bar`ri*ca"doed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not obstructed
by barricades; open; as, <i>unbarricadoed</i> streets.</def>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bash"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not bashful or
modest; bold; impudent; shameless.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bay</i> to dam.] <def>To free from the restraint of anything that
surrounds or incloses; to let loose; to open.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I ought . . . to <i>unbay</i> the current of my
passion.</blockquote> <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*be"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>be</i>.] <def>To cause not to be; to cause to be another.</def> [Obs. &
R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How oft, with danger of the field beset,<BR>
Or with home mutinies, would he <i>unbe</i><BR>
Himself!</blockquote> <i>Old Pay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bear</i> to support.] <def>To remove or loose the bearing rein of (a
horse).</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*beat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>beast</i>.] <def>To deliver from the form or nature of a
beast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*come"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>become</i>.] <def>To misbecome.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Sherlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*com"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>becoming</i>.] <def>Not becoming; unsuitable; unfit; indecorous;
improper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My grief lets <i>unbecoming</i> speeches fall.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`be*com"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`be*com"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*bed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bed</i>.] <def>To raise or rouse from bed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eels <i>unbed</i> themselves and stir at the noise of
thunder.</blockquote> <i>Wa&?;ton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*dinned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not filled with
din.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*fool"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>befool</i>.] <def>To deliver from the state of a fool; to awaken the
mind of; to undeceive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*get"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>beget</i>.] <def>To deprive of existence.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*gilt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not gilded; hence,
not rewarded with gold.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un`be*got"</hw> (?), <hw>Un`be*got"ten</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>begot</i>,
<i>begotten</i>.] <def>Not begot; not yet generated; also, having never
been generated; self-existent; eternal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*guile"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Unbeguiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Unbeguiling</u>.] [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>beguile</i>.] <def>To set
free from the influence of guile; to undeceive.</def> "Then
<i>unbeguile</i> thyself."  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*gun"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not yet begun; also,
existing without a beginning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*hove"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not behooving or
becoming; unseemly.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*be"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not existing.</def>
[Obs.] "Beings yet <i>unbeing</i>."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*known"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not known;
unknown.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`be*lief"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>belief</i>: cf. AS. <i>ungele&aacute;fa</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The withholding of belief; doubt; incredulity; skepticism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disbelief; especially, disbelief of divine
revelation, or in a divine providence or scheme of redemption.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blind <i>unbelief</i> is sure to err,<BR>
And scan his work in vain.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Disbelief</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Un`be*lieved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not believed;
disbelieved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*liev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who does not believe; an incredulous person; a doubter; a
skeptic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disbeliever; especially, one who does not
believe that the Bible is a divine revelation, and holds that Christ was
neither a divine nor a supernatural person; an infidel; a
freethinker.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Infidel</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Un`be*liev"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not believing; incredulous; doubting; distrusting;
skeptical.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1566 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Believing the thing alleged no to be true;
disbelieving; especially, believing that Bible is not a divine revelation,
or that Christ was not a divine or a supernatural person.</def>
"<i>Unbelieving</i> Jews."  <i>Acts xiv. 2.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`be*liev"ing*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- --
<wf>Un`be*liev"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*belt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
belt.] <def>To remove or loose the belt of; to ungird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Unbent</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Unbending</u>.] [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>bend</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To free from flexure; to make, or allow to become, straight; to
loosen; as, to <i>unbend</i> a bow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A remit from a strain or from exertion; to set
at ease for a time; to relax; as, to <i>unbend</i> the mind from study or
care.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You do <i>unbend</i> your noble strength.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To unfasten,
as sails, from the spars or stays to which they are attached for use.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To cast loose or untie, as a rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bend"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cease to be bent; to become straight or relaxed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To relax in exertion, attention, severity, or
the like; hence, to indulge in mirth or amusement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bend"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [In senses 1, 2, and 3, pref.
<i>un-</i> not + <i>bending</i>; in sense 4, properly p. pr.
<i>unbend</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not bending; not suffering flexure; not yielding
to pressure; stiff; -- applied to material things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flies o'er <i>unbending</i> corn, and skims along the
main.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unyielding in will; not subject to persuasion or
influence; inflexible; resolute; -- applied to persons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unyielding in nature; unchangeable; fixed; --
applied to abstract ideas; as, <i>unbending</i> truths.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Devoted to relaxation or amusement.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It may entertain your lordships at an <i>unbending</i>
hour.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*bend"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*bend"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*nev"o*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence or
want of benevolence; ill will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*nign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not benign;
malignant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*numb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>benumb</i>.] <def>To relieve of numbness; to restore sensation
to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*reav"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unbereft.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`be*reft"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not bereft; not
taken away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*seem"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>beseem</i>.] <def>To be unbecoming or unsuitable to; to
misbecome.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*seem"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>beseeming</i>.] <def>Unbecoming; not befitting.</def> --
<wf>Un`be*seem"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`be*seem"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*speak"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>bespeak</i>.] <def>To unsay; hence, to annul or cancel.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*think"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>bethink</i>.] <def>To change the mind of (one's self).</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`be*ware"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Unawares.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`be*witch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>bewitch</i>.] <def>To free from a spell; to disenchant.</def> [R.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bi"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bias</i>.] <def>To free from bias or prejudice.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bi"ased</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>biased</i>.] <def>Free from bias or prejudice; unprejudiced;
impartial.</def> -- <wf>Un*bi"ased*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*bid"</hw> (?), <hw>Un*bid"den</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not bidden; not commanded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thorns also and thistles it shall bring thee forth<BR>
<i>Unbid</i>; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uninvited; as, <i>unbidden</i> guests.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being without a prayer.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Unbound</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Unbinding</u>.] [AS. <i>unbindan</i>. See <u>Un-</u>, and <u>Bind</u>.]
<def>To remove a band from; to set free from shackles or fastenings; to
unite; to unfasten; to loose; as, <i>unbind</i> your fillets; to
<i>unbind</i> a prisoner's arms; to <i>unbind</i> a load.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bish"op</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bishop</i>.] <def>To deprive, as a city, of a bishop; to deprive, as a
clergyman, of episcopal dignity or rights.</def> [R.] "Then he
<i>unbishops</i> himself."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Unbitted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Unbitting</u>.] [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>bit</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>To remove the turns of (a rope or cable) from the bits; as, to
<i>unbit</i> a cable.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*blem"ished</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not blemished;
pure; spotless; as, an <i>unblemished</i> reputation or life.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bless"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bless</i>.] <def>To deprive of blessings; to make wretched.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*blessed"</hw>, <hw>Un*blest</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>blessed</i>, <i>blest</i>.] <def>Not blest;
excluded from benediction; hence, accursed; wretched.</def>
"<i>Unblessed</i> enchanter."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*blest"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unblessed.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*blind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>blind</i>.] <def>To free from blindness; to give or restore sight to; to
open the eyes of.</def> [R.]  <i>J. Webster (1607).</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*blind"fold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>blindfold</i>.] <def>To free from that which blindfolds.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*blood"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not bloody.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Unbloody sacrifice</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
sacrifice in which no victim is slain.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <cd>The Mass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*blush"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not blushing;
shameless.</def> -- <wf>Un*blush"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*bod"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>body</i>.] <def>To free from the body; to disembody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her soul <i>unbodied</i> of the burdenous
corse.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bod"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To leave the body; to be
disembodied; -- said of the soul or spirit.</def> [R.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bolt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bolt</i>.] <def>To remove a bolt from; to unfasten; to unbar; to
open.</def> "He shall <i>unbolt</i> the gates."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bolt"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To explain or unfold a
matter; to make a revelation.</def> [Obs.] "I will <i>unbolt</i> to you."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bone</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of bones, as meat; to bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To twist about, as if boneless.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bon"net</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bonnet</i>.] <def>To take a bonnet from; to take off one's bonnet; to
uncover; as, to <i>unbonnet</i> one's head.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*booked"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not written in a
book; unrecorded.</def> "<i>Unbooked</i>English life."  <i>Masson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*boot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>boot</i>.] <def>To take off the boots from.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*born"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not born; no yet
brought into life; being still to appear; future.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>unborn</i> sorrow, ripe in fortune's
womb.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>See future sons, and daughters yet
<i>unborn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bor"rowed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not borrowed; being
one's own; native; original.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bos"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Unbosomed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Unbosoming</u>.] [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>bosom</i>.] <def>To disclose
freely; to reveal in confidence, as secrets; to confess; -- often used
reflexively; as, to <i>unbosom</i> one's self.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bos"om*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who unbosoms,
or discloses.</def> [R.] "An <i>unbosomer</i> of secrets."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bot"tomed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [1st
pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>bottom</i> + <i>-ed</i>.] <def>Deprived of a
bottom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>bottomed</i>.] <def>Having
no bottom; bottomless.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bound"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Unbind</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bound"a*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Infinitely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am . . . <i>unboundably</i> beholding to you.</blockquote>
<i>J. Webster (1607).</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bound"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no bound or
limit; as, <i>unbounded</i> space; an, <i>unbounded</i> ambition.</def>
<i>Addison.</i> -- <wf>Un*bound"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*bound"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*bow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bow</i>.] <def>To unbend.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bowed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>bowed</i>.] <def>Not bent or arched; not bowed down.</def>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bow"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Unboweled</u> (?) or <u>Unbowelled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Unboweling</u> or <u>Unbowelling</u>.] [1st pref.
<i>un-</i> + <i>bowel</i>.] <def>To deprive of the entrails; to
disembowel.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*box"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>box</i>.] <def>To remove from a box or boxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*boy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>boy</i>.] <def>To divest of the traits of a boy.</def> [R.]
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*brace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>brace</i>.] <def>To free from tension; to relax; to loose; as, to
<i>unbrace</i> a drum; to <i>unbrace</i> the nerves.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*braid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>braid</i>.] <def>To separate the strands of; to undo, as a braid; to
unravel; to disentangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*breast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>breast</i>.] <def>To disclose, or lay open; to unbosom.</def> [Obs.]
<i>P. Fletcher,</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*breathed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not breathed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not exercised; unpracticed.</def> [Obs.] "Their
<i>unbreathed</i> memories."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bred"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
begotten; unborn.</def> [Obs.] "Thou age <i>unbred</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not taught or trained; -- with <i>to</i>.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not well-bred; ill-bred.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*breech"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Unbreeched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Unbreching</u>.] [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>breech</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remove the breeches of; to divest or strip of
breeches.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>To free the breech of, as a
cannon, from its fastenings or coverings.</def>  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*brewed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not made by brewing;
unmixed; pure; genuine.</def> [R.]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bri"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bridle</i>.] <def>To free from the bridle; to set loose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bri"dled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>bridled</i>.] <def>Loosed from the bridle, or as from the bridle; hence,
unrestrained; licentious; violent; as, <i>unbridled</i> passions.</def>
"<i>Unbridled</i> boldness."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lands deluged by <i>unbridled</i> floods.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*bri"dled*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Abp.
Leighton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bro"ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not broken;
continuous; unsubdued; as, an <i>unbroken</i> colt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*buc"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>buckle</i>.] <def>To loose the buckles of; to unfasten; as, to
<i>unbuckle</i> a shoe.</def> "<i>Unbuckle</i> anon thy purse."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*build</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>build</i>.] <def>To demolish; to raze.</def> "To <i>unbuild</i> the
city."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bun"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bundle</i>.] <def>To release, as from a bundle; to disclose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bung"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bung</i>.] <def>To remove the bung from; as, to <i>unbung</i> a
cask.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bur"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>burden</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To relieve from a burden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw off, as a burden; to unload.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bur"i*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not ready or not
proper to be buried.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*bur"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>burrow</i>.] <def>To force from a burrow; to unearth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bur"then</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>burthen</i>.] <def>To unburden; to unload.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bur"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>bury</i>.] <def>To disinter; to exhume; fig., to disclose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bus"ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not required to work;
unemployed; not busy.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>unbusied</i> persons can continue in this playing
idleness till it become a toil.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Rainbow</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*but"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>button</i>.] <def>To loose the buttons of; to unfasten.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*bux"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disobedient.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Piers Plowman.</i> -- <wf>Un*bux"om*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] -- <wf>Un*bux"om*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*cage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>cage</i>.] <def>To loose, or release, from, or as from, a
cage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*called"-for`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not called for;
not required or needed; improper; gratuitous; wanton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*calm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>calm</i>.] <def>To disturb; to disquiet.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*camp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>camp</i>.] <def>To break up the camp of; to dislodge from camp.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If they could but now <i>uncamp</i> their
enemies.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*can"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not canny; unsafe;
strange; weird; ghostly.</def> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> --
<wf>Un*can"ni*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*can"on*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>canonize</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of canonical
authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce from the rank of a canonized
saint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i> cap</i>.] <def>To remove a cap or cover from.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*ca"pa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Uncapable</i> of conviction."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cape"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>cape</i>.] <def>To remove a cap or cape from.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*cap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument for
removing an explode cap from a cartridge shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*car"di*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>cardinal</i>.] <def>To degrade from the cardinalship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cared"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not cared for; not
heeded; -- with <i>for</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*car"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not fleshy;
specifically, not made flesh; not incarnate.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*car"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>carnate</i>.] <def>To divest of flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cart"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>cart</i>.] <def>To take from, or set free from, a cart; to
unload.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*case"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>case</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take out of a case or covering; to remove a
case or covering from; to uncover.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strip; to flay.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To display, or spread to view, as
a flag, or the colors of a military body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cas"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>castle</i>.] <def>To take a castle from; to turn out of a
castle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*caused"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no antecedent
cause; uncreated; self-existent; eternal.</def>  <i>A. Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cau"te*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incautious.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*cau"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incautious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cau"tious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Incautiously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Unce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>uncus</i> hook.] <def>A
claw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Unce</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>uncia</i> ounce. See
<u>Ounce</u> a weight.] <def>An ounce; a small portion.</def> [Obs.] "By
<i>unces</i> hung his locks."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ceas"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable of
being ended; unceasing.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*cen"ter</hw>, <hw>Un*cen"tre</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>center</i>.] <def>To throw from its
center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cen"tu*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>century</i>.] <def>To remove from its actual century.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It has first to <i>uncentury</i> itself.</blockquote> <i>H.
Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cer"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>certain</i>.  Cf. <u>Incertain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
certain; not having certain knowledge; not assured in mind;
distrustful.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Man, without the protection of a superior Being, . . . is
<i>uncertain</i> of everything that he hopes for.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Irresolute; inconsonant; variable;
untrustworthy; as, an <i>uncertain</i> person; an <i>uncertain</i>
breeze.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O woman! in our hours of ease,<BR>
<i>Uncertain</i>, coy, and hard to please!</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Questionable; equivocal; indefinite;
problematical.</def> "The fashion of <i>uncertain</i> evils."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From certain dangers to <i>uncertain</i>
praise.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not sure; liable to fall or err;
fallible.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Soon bent his bow, <i>uncertain</i> in his aim.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whistling slings dismissed the <i>uncertain</i>
stone.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Precarious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Un*cer"tain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>certain</i>; or fr. <i>uncertain</i>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To make
uncertain.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cer"tain*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an uncertain
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cer"tain*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Uncertainties</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being
uncertain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is uncertain; something
unknown.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our shepherd's case is every man's case that quits a moral
certainty for an <i>uncertainty</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ces"sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incessant.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Dr. H. More.</i> -- <wf>Un*ces"sant*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*chain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>chain</i>.] <def>To free from chains or slavery; to let loose.</def>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*chan"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref <i>un-</i> + Scot.
<i>chancy</i> fortunate, safe.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Happening at a bad
time; unseasonable; inconvenient.</def>  <i>A. Trollope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ill-fated; unlucky.</def> [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unsafe to meddle with; dangerous.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*chap"lain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>chaplain</i>.] <def>To remove from a chaplaincy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*charge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>charge</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To free from a charge or load; to unload.</def>
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To free from an accusation; to make no charge
against; to acquit.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*char"i*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>chariot</i>.] <def>To throw out of a chariot.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*char"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not charitable;
contrary to charity; severe in judging; harsh; censorious; as,
<i>uncharitable</i> opinions or zeal.</def> <i>Addison.</i> --
<wf>Un*char"i*ta*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*char"i*ta*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*char"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Uncharitableness.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T were much <i>uncharity</i> in you.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*charm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>charm</i>.] <def>To release from a charm, fascination, or secret power;
to disenchant.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*char"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Uncharneled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Uncharneling</u>.] [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>charnel</i>.] <def>To
remove from a charnel house; to raise from the grave; to exhume.</def>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*chaste"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not chaste; not
continent; lewd.</def> -- <wf>Un*chaste"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*chaste"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*chas"ti*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being unchaste; lewdness; incontinence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*check"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable of
being checked or stopped.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*child"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>child</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bereave of children; to make childless.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make unlike a child; to divest of the
characteristics of a child.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*chris"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i> christen</i>.] <def>To render unchristian.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1567 !></p>

<p><hw>Un*chris"tened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not
+ <i>christened</i>.] <def>Not christened; as, an <i>unchristened</i>
child.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*chris"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>Christian</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not Christian; not converted to
the Christian faith; infidel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contrary to Christianity; not like or becoming a
Christian; as, <i>unchristian</i> conduct.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*chris"tian</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>Christian</i>.] <def>To make unchristian.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*chris"tian*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref.
<i>un-</i> + <i>Christianize</i>.] <def>To turn from the Christian faith;
to cause to abandon the belief and profession of Christianity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*chris"tian*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unchristian.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*chris"tian*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an unchristian
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*chris"tian*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being unchristian.</def> [R.]  <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*church"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>church</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To expel, or cause to separate,
from a church; to excommunicate.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the character, privileges, and
authority of a church.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Un"ci*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Unci&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Ounce</u> a measure of
weight.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A twelfth part, as of
the Roman as; an ounce.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>A numerical coefficient in any
particular case of the binomial theorem.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>uncialis</i> amounting
to the twelfth part of a pound or a foot, from <i>uncia</i> the twelfth
part of a pound or of a foot, an ounce, an inch: cf. F. <i>oncial</i>. See
<u>Inch</u> a measure.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a certain
style of letters used in ancient manuscripts, esp. in Greek and Latin
manuscripts. The letters are somewhat rounded, and the upstrokes and
downstrokes usually have a slight inclination. These letters were used as
early as the 1st century <u>b. c.</u>, and were seldom used after the 10th
century <u>a. d.</u>, being superseded by the cursive style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"cial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An uncial letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Un`ci*a"tim</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Ounce by
ounce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>uncus</i> a hook +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the shape of a hook; being of a curved or hooked
from; hooklike.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Unciform bone</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a bone of the carpus
at the bases of the fourth and fifth metacarpals; the hamatum.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un"ci*form</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
unciform bone. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Perissodactyla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Un`ci*na"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>uncinus</i> a hook.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of marine
ch&aelig;topod annelids which are furnished with uncini, as the serpulas
and sabellas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"ci*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>uncinatus</i>, from
<i>uncinus</i> a hook, from <i>uncus</i> a hook.] <def>Hooked; bent at the
tip in the form of a hook; as, an <i>uncinate</i> process.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Un`ci*na"tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>uncinatus</i> hooked.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The unciform bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Un*ci"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Uncini</b></plw> (#). [L., a hook.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the peculiar minute chitinous hooks found in large numbers in the tori of
tubicolous annelids belonging to the Uncinata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*ci"pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>cipher</i>.] <def>To decipher; as, to <i>uncipher</i> a letter.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cir"cum*cised</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Not
circumcised; hence, not of the Israelites.</def> "This <i>uncircumcised</i>
Philistine."  <i>1 Sam. xvii. 26.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cir`cum*ci"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The absence or want of circumcision.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>People not circumcised; the
Gentiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cir`cum*stand"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not circumstantial; not entering into minute
particulars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not important; not pertinent; trivial.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*cit"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>city</i>.] <def>To deprive of the rank or rights of a city.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*civ"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
civilized; savage; barbarous; uncivilized.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men can not enjoy the rights of an <i>uncivil</i> and of a
civil state together.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not civil; not complaisant; discourteous;
impolite; rude; unpolished; as, <i>uncivil</i> behavior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ci*vil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Incivility.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*civ`i*li*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being uncivilized; savagery or barbarism.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*civ"i*lized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not civilized; not reclaimed from savage life; rude; barbarous;
savage; as, the <i>uncivilized</i> inhabitants of Central Africa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not civil; coarse; clownish.</def> [R.]
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*civ"il*ty</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an uncivil
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*clasp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>clasp</i>.] <def>To loose the clasp of; to open, as something that is
fastened, or as with, a clasp; as, to <i>unclasp</i> a book; to
<i>unclasp</i> one's heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>uncle</i>, OF.
<i>oncle</i>, <i>uncle</i>, F. <i>oncle</i>, fr. L. <i>avunculus</i> a
maternal uncle, dim. of <i>avus</i> a grandfather; akin to Lith.
<i>avynas</i> uncle, Goth. <i>aw&?;</i> grandmother, Icel. <i>&amacr;i</i>
great grandfather.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The brother of one's father or
mother; also applied to an aunt's husband; -- the correlative of
<i>aunt</i> in sex, and of <i>nephew</i> and <i>niece</i> in
relationship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pawnbroker.</def> [Slang]
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><col><b>My uncle</b></col>, <cd>a pawnbroker.</cd> [Slang] --
<col><b>Uncle Sam</b></col>, <cd>a humorous appellation given to the United
States Government. See <u>Uncle Sam</u>, in Dictionary of Noted Names in
Fiction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*clean"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.  <i>uncl&?;ne</i>. See
<u>Unnot</u>, and <u>Clean</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not clean; foul;
dirty; filthy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ceremonially impure; needing ritual
cleansing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that toucheth the dead body of any man shall be
<i>unclean</i> seven days.</blockquote> <i>Num. xix. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Morally impure.</def> "Adultery of the heart,
consisting of inordinate and <i>unclean</i> affections."
<i>Perkins.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*clean"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*clean"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Unclean animals</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>those which the
Israelites were forbidden to use for food.</cd> -- <col><b>Unclean
spirit</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>a wicked spirit; a demon.</cd>
<i>Mark i. 27.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cleans"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being cleansed or cleaned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*clench"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Unclinch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"cle*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
position of an uncle.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*clew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>clew</i>.] <def>To unwind, unfold, or untie; hence, to undo; to
ruin.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*clinch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>clinch</i>.] <def>To cause to be no longer clinched; to open; as, to
<i>unclinch</i> the fist.</def> [Written also <i>unclench</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*cling"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i> cling</i>.] <def>To cease from clinging or adhering.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cloak"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>cloak</i>.] <def>To remove a cloak or cover from; to deprive of a cloak
or cover; to unmask; to reveal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cloak"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To remove, or take off,
one's cloak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*clog"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>clog</i>.] <def>To disencumber of a clog, or of difficulties and
obstructions; to free from encumbrances; to set at liberty.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*clois"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>cloister</i>.] <def>To release from a cloister, or from confinement or
seclusion; to set free; to liberate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*close"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>close</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To open; to separate the
parts of; as, to <i>unclose</i> a letter; to <i>unclose</i> one's
eyes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disclose; to lay open; to reveal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*closed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>closed</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not separated by inclosures; open.</def>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not finished; not concluded.</def> [R.]
<i>Madison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not closed; not sealed; open.</def>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*clothe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>clothe</i>.] <def>To strip of clothes or covering; to make naked.</def>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[We] do groan being burdened; not for that we would be
<i>unclothed</i>, but clothed upon.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. v. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*clothed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Properly p. p. of <i>unclothe</i>.] <def>Divested or stripped of
clothing.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>clothed</i>.] <def>Not yet
clothed; wanting clothes; naked.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*cloth"ed*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cloud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>cloud</i>.] <def>To free from clouds; to unvail; to clear from
obscurity, gloom, sorrow, or the like.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*clue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>clue</i>.] <def>To unwind; to untangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*clutch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>clutch</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To open, as something closely shut.</def>
"<i>Unclutch his griping hand</i>."  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>To disengage, as a
clutch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Scot. The same word as E.
<i>uncouth</i>.] <def>Unknown; strange, or foreign; unusual, or surprising;
distant in manner; reserved.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Un"co</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a high degree; to a great
extent; greatly; very.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Un"co</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strange thing or
person.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*coach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>coach</i>.] <def>To detach or loose from a coach.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cock"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>cock</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let down the cock of, as a
firearm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of its cocked shape, as a hat,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To open or spread from a cock or heap, as
hay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cof"fle</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>coffle</i>.] <def>To release from a coffle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*coif"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>coif</i>.] <def>To deprive of the coif or cap.</def>  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*coil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>coil</i>.] <def>To unwind or open, as a coil of rope.</def>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*coined"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not coined, or minted; as, <i>uncoined</i> silver.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not fabricated; not artificial or counterfeit;
natural.</def> "Plain and <i>uncoined</i> constancy."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*colt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>colt</i>.] <def>To unhorse.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`com*bine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>combine</i>.] <def>To separate, as substances in combination; to
release from combination or union.</def> [R.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`come*at"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be come
at, or reached; inaccessible.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My honor is infallible and <i>uncomeatable</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*come"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not comely. --
<i>adv</i>. In an uncomely manner.</def>  <i>1 Cor. vii. 36.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*com"fort*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Feeling discomfort; uneasy; as, to be <i>uncomfortable</i> on account
of one's position.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing discomfort; disagreeable; unpleasant;
as, an <i>uncomfortable</i> seat or situation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most dead, <i>uncomfortable</i> time of the
year.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*com"fort*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*com"fort*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*com"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not common; unusual;
infrequent; rare; hence, remarkable; strange; as, an <i>uncommon</i>
season; an <i>uncommon</i> degree of cold or heat; <i>uncommon</i>
courage.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Rare; scarce; infrequent; unwonted.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*com"mon*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*com"mon*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`com*plete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incomplete.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*com`pre*hend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>comprehend</i>.] <def>To fail to comprehend.</def> [R.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*com`pre*hen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unable to comprehend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Narrow-spirited, <i>uncomprehensive</i>
zealots.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incomprehensible.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*com"pro*mi`sing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not admitting
of compromise; making no truce or concessions; obstinate; unyielding;
inflexible.</def> -- <wf>Un*com"pro*mi`sing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*ceiv"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inconceivable.</def> [Obs.] <i>Locke.</i> --
<wf>Un`con*ceiv"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] --
<wf>Un`con*ceiv"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`con*cern"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of concern;
absence of anxiety; freedom from solicitude; indifference.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A listless <i>unconcern</i>,<BR>
Cold, and averting from our neighbor's good.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*cerned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not concerned;
not anxious or solicitous; easy in mind; carelessly secure; indifferent;
as, to be <i>unconcerned</i> at what has happened; to be <i>unconcerned</i>
about the future.</def> -- <wf>Un`con*cern"ed*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un`con*cern"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Happy mortals, <i>unconcerned</i> for more.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*cern"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not interesting of
affecting; insignificant; not belonging to one.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*cern"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being unconcerned, or of having no share or concern; unconcernedness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un`con*clud"ent</hw> (?), <hw>Un`con*clud"ing</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inconclusive.</def> [Obs.] <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`con*clud"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*clu"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inconclusive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`con*di"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
conditional limited, or conditioned; made without condition; absolute;
unreserved; as, an <i>unconditional</i> surrender.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, pass not, Lord, an absolute decree,<BR>
Or bind thy sentence <i>unconditional</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`con*di"tion*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*di"tioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not conditioned or subject to conditions; unconditional.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Metaph.)</i> <def>Not subject to condition or
limitations; infinite; absolute; hence, inconceivable; incogitable.</def>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The unconditioned</b></col> <i>(Metaph.)</i>, <cd>all that which
is inconceivable and beyond the realm of reason; whatever is inconceivable
under logical forms or relations.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*con"fi*dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence of
confidence; uncertainty; doubt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unlike.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>unconform</i> to other shining globes.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*form`a*bil"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being unconformable;
unconformableness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Want of parallelism between one
series of strata and another, especially when due to a disturbance of the
position of the earlier strata before the latter were deposited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*form"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not conformable; not agreeable; not conforming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moral evil is an action <i>unconformable</i> to it [the rule
of our duty].</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Not conformable; not lying in a
parallel position; as, <i>unconformable</i> strata.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`con*form"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`con*form"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*form"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
nonconformist.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`con*form"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Want of conformity; incongruity; inconsistency.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Want of parallelism between
strata in contact.</def></p>

<p>&fist; With some authors <i>unconformity</i> is equivalent to
<i>unconformability</i>; but it is often used more broadly, for example, to
include the case when the parallelism of strata once conformable has been
disturbed by faulting and the like.</p>

<p><hw>Un`con*found"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>confound</i>.] <def>To free from a state of confusion, or of being
confounded.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*found"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not
+ <i>confounded</i>.] <def>Not confounded.</def>  <i>Bp. Warburton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*geal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>congeal</i>.] <def>To thaw; to become liquid again.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*con"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not knowing;
ignorant.</def> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Ignorance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*con"quer*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
conquerable; indomitable.</def> -- <wf>Un*con"quer*a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*con"scion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not conscionable; not conforming to reason; unreasonable; exceeding
the limits of any reasonable claim or expectation; inordinate; as, an
<i>unconscionable</i> person or demand; <i>unconscionable</i>
size.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which use of reason, most reasonless and
<i>unconscionable</i>, is the utmost that any tyrant ever
pretended.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His giantship is gone somewhat crestfallen,<BR>
Stalking with less <i>unconscionable</i> strides.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not guided by, or conformed to,
conscience.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ungenerous as well as <i>unconscionable</i>
practices.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*con"scion*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*con"scion*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*con"scious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not conscious; having no consciousness or power of mental perception;
without cerebral appreciation; hence, not knowing or regarding; ignorant;
as, an <i>unconscious</i> man.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not known or apprehended by consciousness; as,
an <i>unconscious</i> cerebration.</def> "<i>Unconscious</i> causes."
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having no knowledge by experience; -- followed
by <i>of</i>; as, a mule <i>unconscious</i> of the yoke.</def>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*con"scious-ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*con"scious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1568 !></p>

<p><hw>Un*con"se*crate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>consecrate</i>.] <def>To render not sacred; to deprive of
sanctity; to desecrate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*con`se*quen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inconsequential.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*sid"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inconsiderate;
heedless; careless.</def> [Obs.] <i>Daniel.</i> --
<wf>Un`con*sid"er*ate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*sid"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not considered
or attended to; not regarded; inconsiderable; trifling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A snapper-up of <i>unconsidered</i> trifles.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*con"so*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incongruous;
inconsistent.</def> "A thing <i>unconsonant</i>." <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*spic"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inconspicuous.</def> [R.]  <i>Ed. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*con"stan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inconstancy.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>unconstancy</i> of the foundation."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*con"stant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not constant;
inconstant; fickle; changeable.</def> [Obs.] <i>Shak.</i> --
<wf>Un*con"stant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] --
<wf>Un*con"stant*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*con`sti*tu"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
constitutional; not according to, or consistent with, the terms of a
constitution of government; contrary to the constitution; as, an
<i>unconstitutional</i> law, or act of an officer.</def> <i>Burke.</i> --
<wf>Un*con`sti*tu"tion*al"i*ty</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*con`sti*tu"tion*al-ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*straint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Freedom from
constraint; ease.</def>  <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*sum"mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not consummated;
not accomplished.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*test"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incontestable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*con"ti*nent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not continent;
incontinent.</def>  <i>Wyclif (2 Tim. iii. 3).</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*trol"la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Incapable of being controlled; ungovernable; irresistible; as, an
<i>uncontrollable</i> temper; <i>uncontrollable</i> events.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Indisputable; irrefragable; as, an
<i>uncontrollable</i> maxim; an <i>uncontrollable</i> title.</def> [R.]
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`con*trol"la*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`con*trol"la*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*con`tro*ver"so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
involving controversy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*con`tro*ver"ti*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incontrovertible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*con`tro*ver"ti*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Incontrovertibly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*ven"ient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inconvenient.</def> <i>Bale.</i> -- <wf>Un`con*ven"ient*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`con*ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being unconverted; impenitence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`con*vert"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not converted or exchanged.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not changed in opinion, or from one faith to
another.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not persuaded of the truth of the Christian
religion; heathenish.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Unregenerate; sinful; impenitent.</def>
<i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cord"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>cord</i>.] <def>To release from cords; to loosen the cord or cords of;
to unfasten or unbind; as, to <i>uncord</i> a package.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cork"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<u>cork</u>.] <def>To draw the cork from; as, to <i>uncork</i> a
bottle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`cor*rect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incorrect.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cor"ri*gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incorrigible;
not capable of correction.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`cor*rupt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incorrupt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`cor*rupt"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incorruptible.</def> "The glory of the <i>uncorruptible</i> God."
<i>Rom. i. 23.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`cor*rup"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Incorruption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cou"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>couple</i>.] <def>To loose, as dogs, from their couples; also, to set
loose; to disconnect; to disjoin; as, to <i>uncouple</i> railroad
cars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cou"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To roam at
liberty.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*court"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence of
courtliness; rudeness; rusticity.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>uncus</i> hooked, as
n., a hook.] <def>Hooklike; hooked.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*couth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>uncouth</i>, AS.
<i>unc&?;&?;</i> unknown, strange: <i>un-</i> (see <u>Un-</u> not) +
<i>c&?;&?;</i> known, p. p. of <i>cunnan</i> to know. See <u>Can</u> to be
able, and cf. <u>Unco</u>, <u>Unked</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Unknown.</def> [Obs.] "This <i>uncouth</i> errand."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To leave the good that I had in hand,<BR>
In hope of better that was <i>uncouth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uncommon; rare; exquisite; elegant.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Harness . . . so <i>uncouth</i> and so rish.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unfamiliar; strange; hence, mysterious;
dreadful; also, odd; awkward; boorish; as, <i>uncouth</i> manners.</def>
"<i>Uncouth</i> in guise and gesture."  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am surprised with an <i>uncouth</i> fear.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus sang the <i>uncouth</i> swain.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Awkward</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*couth"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*couth"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*cov"e*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not covenable;
inconvenient.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (1 Tim. iv. 7).</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cov"e*nant*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not covenanted; not granted or entered into under a covenant,
agreement, or contract.</def>  <i>Bp. Horsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not having joined in a league, or assented to a
covenant or agreement, as to the Solemn League and Covenant of the Scottish
people in the times of the Stuarts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In Scotland a few fanatical nonjurors may have grudged their
allegiance to an <i>uncovenanted</i> king.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. E.
May.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>Not having entered into
relationship with God through the appointed means of grace; also, not
promised or assured by the divine promises or conditions; as,
<i>uncovenanted</i> mercies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Uncovered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Uncovering</u>.] [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>cover</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take the cover from; to divest of covering; as,
to <i>uncover</i> a box, bed, house, or the like; to <i>uncover</i> one's
body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To show openly; to disclose; to reveal.</def>
"To <i>uncover</i> his perjury to the oath of his coronation."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To divest of the hat or cap; to bare the head
of; as, to <i>uncover</i> one's head; to <i>uncover</i> one's
self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cov"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take off the hat or cap; to bare the head in token of
respect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We are forced to <i>uncover</i> after them.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove the covers from dishes, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Uncover</i>, dogs, and lap.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cowl"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>cowl</i>.] <def>To divest or deprive of a cowl.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`cre*ate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>create</i>.] <def>To deprive of existence; to annihilate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who can <i>uncreate</i> thee, thou shalt know.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`cre*ate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>create</i>, a.] <def>Uncreated; self-existent.</def>  <i>Book of Common
Prayer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`cre*at"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [In sense 1, properly p. p.
of <i>uncreate</i>; in senses 2 and 3, pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>created</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deprived of existence; annihilated.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not yet created; as, misery
<i>uncreated</i>.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not existing by creation; self-existent;
eternal; as, God is an <i>uncreated</i> being.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`cre*at"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being uncreated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cred"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incredible.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cred"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>credit</i>.] <def>To cause to be disbelieved; to discredit.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cred"it*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Discreditable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*crown"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>crown</i>.] <def>To deprive of a crown; to take the crown from; hence,
to discrown; to dethrone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath done me wrong,<BR>
And therefore I'll <i>uncrown</i> him ere't be long.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*crud"ded</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Un-</u> not, and
<u>Curd</u>.] <def>Not cruddled, or curdled.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her breast like to a bowl of cream
<i>uncrudded</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Unc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>unccioun</i>,
<i>uncioun</i>, OF. <i>oncion</i>, <i>onction</i>, F. <i>onction</i>, fr.
L. <i>unctio</i>, fr. <i>ungere</i>, <i>unctum</i>, to anoint. See
<u>Unguent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of anointing, smearing, or
rubbing with an unguent, oil, or ointment, especially for medical purposes,
or as a symbol of consecration; as, mercurial <i>unction</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be heir, and to be king<BR>
By sacred <i>unction</i>, thy deserved right.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is used for anointing; an unguent; an
ointment; hence, anything soothing or lenitive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king himself the sacred <i>unction</i>
made.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lay not that flattering <i>unction</i> to your
soul.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Divine or sanctifying grace.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That quality in language, address, or the like,
which excites emotion; especially, strong devotion; religious fervor and
tenderness; sometimes, a simulated, factitious, or unnatural
fervor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The delightful equivoque and <i>unction</i> of the passage
in Farquhar.</blockquote> <i>Hazlitt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mention of thy glory<BR>
Is <i>unction</i> to the breast.</blockquote> <i>Neale (Rhythm of St.
Bernard).</i></p>

<p><col><b>Extreme unction</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch. &amp; Gr. Ch.)</i>, <cd>the
sacrament of anointing in the last hours; the application of consecrated
oil by a priest to all the senses, that is, to eyes, ears, nostrils, etc.,
of a person when in danger of death from illness, -- done for remission of
sins.</cd> [James v. 14, 15.]</p>

<p><hw>Unc"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unctuous.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Unc`tu*os"i*ty</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>onctuosit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Quality or state of being unctuous.</def>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Unc"tu*ous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>onctueux</i>,
LL. <i>unctuosus</i>, fr. L. <i>unctus</i> anointment, fr. <i>ungere</i>,
<i>unctum</i>, to anoint. See <u>Unguent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
the nature or quality of an unguent or ointment; fatty; oily; greasy.</def>
"The <i>unctuous</i> cheese."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a smooth, greasy feel, as certain
minerals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Bland; suave; also, tender; fervid; as, an
<i>unctuous</i> speech; sometimes, insincerely suave or fervid.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Unc"tu*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Unc"tu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*cul"pa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inculpable; not
blameworthy.</def> [R.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cult"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + L.
<i>cultus</i>, p. p. of <i>colere</i> to cultivate.  Cf. <u>Incult</u>.]
<def>Not cultivated; rude; illiterate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*cul"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
culture.</def> "Idleness, ill husbandry . . . <i>unculture</i>."  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cun"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ignorant.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am young and <i>uncunning</i>, as thou wost
[knowest].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cun"ning*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Ignorantly.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*cun"ning*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ignorance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*cur"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Incurable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cur"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an uncurable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*curb"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable of
being curbed.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*curl"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>curl</i>.] <def>To loose from curls, or ringlets; to straighten out, as
anything curled or curly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He sheaths his paw, <i>uncurls</i> his angry
mane.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*curl"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become uncurled, or
straight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cur"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not current.
Specifically: Not passing in common payment; not receivable at par or full
value; as, <i>uncurrent</i> notes.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*curse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>curse</i>.] <def>To free from a curse or an execration.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cur"tain</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>curtain</i>.] <def>To remove a curtain from; to reveal.</def>
<i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Un"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Unci</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hook or
claw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cus"tom*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not customable,
or subject to custom duties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*cus"tomed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uncustomable; also,
not having paid duty or customs.</def>  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cut"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
cut; not separated or divided by cutting or otherwise; -- said especially
of books, periodicals, and the like, when the leaves have not been
separated by trimming in binding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not ground, or otherwise cut, into a certain
shape; as, an <i>uncut</i> diamond.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Uncut velvet</b></col>,<cd>a fabric woven like velvet, but with
the loops of the warp threads uncut.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*cuth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unknown; strange.</def>
[Obs.] -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stranger.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*cy"pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Uncipher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*dam"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>dam</i>.] <def>To free from a dam, mound, or other obstruction.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*damp"ned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uncondemned.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (Acts xvi. 37).</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"da*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>undatus</i>, p. p.
of <i>undare</i> to rise in waves, to wave, to undulate, fr. <i>unda</i> a
wave. See <u>Undulate</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Rising and falling in waves
toward the margin, as a leaf; waved.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*dat"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>dated</i>.] <def>Not dated; having no date; of unknown age; as, an
<i>undated</i> letter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*daunt"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being daunted; intrepid; fearless; indomitable.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*daunt"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not daunted; not
subdued or depressed by fear.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Bold; fearless; brave; courageous; intrepid.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*daunt"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*daunt"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un"d&eacute;</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>ond&eacute;</i>.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Waving or wavy; -- applied to ordinaries, or division
lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*dead"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not subject to death;
immortal.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Un*dead"li*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*deaf"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>deaf</i>.] <def>To free from deafness; to cause to hear.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*dec"a*gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>undecim</i>
eleven + Gr. &?; an angle.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A figure having eleven
angles and eleven sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"de*cane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>undecim</i>
eleven.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon,
C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>24</sub>, of the methane series, found in petroleum; --
so called from its containing eleven carbon atoms in the
molecule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*ceive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>deceive</i>.] <def>To cause to be no longer deceived; to free from
deception, fraud, fallacy, or mistake.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*de"cen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Indecency.</def>
[Obs.] "Decency and <i>undecency</i>."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*cen"na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>undecim</i>
eleven (<i>unus</i> one + <i>decem</i> ten) + <i>-ennary</i> as in
<i>decennary</i>.  Cf. <u>Undecennial</u>.] <def>Occurring once in every
period of eleven years; undecennial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>undecennary</i> account laid before
Parliament.</blockquote> <i>E. Stiles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*cen"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Undecennary</u>, and cf. <u>Decennial</u>.] <def>Occurring or observed
every eleventh year; belonging to, or continuing, a period of eleven years;
undecennary; as, an <i>undecennial</i> festival.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*de"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Indecent.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`de*cide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>decide</i>.] <def>To reverse or recant, as a previous
decision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*ci"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Indecisive.</def>
[R.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*deck"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>deck</i>.] <def>To divest of ornaments.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*decked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
decked; unadorned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Eve] <i>undecked</i>, save with herself, more lovely
fair.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not having a deck; as, an <i>undecked</i>
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*col"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Undec</i>ylenic +
propi<i>olic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an
acid, C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>18</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, of the propiolic acid
series, obtained indirectly from undecylenic acid as a white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*creed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>decreed</i>.] <def>Not decreed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>decree</i>.] <def>Reversed
or nullified by decree, as something previously decreed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"de*cyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Undec</i>ane + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The radical regarded as characteristic of
undecylic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*dec`y*len"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid
C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>20</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, homologous with acrylic acid,
and obtained as a white crystalline substance by the distillation of castor
oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*cyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Related to, derived from, or containing, undecyl; specifically,
designating that member of the fatty acids which corresponds to undecane,
and is obtained as a white crystalline substance,
C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>22</sub>O<sub>2</sub>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*deed"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not deeded or transferred by deed; as, <i>undeeded</i> land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not made famous by any great action.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*fat"i*ga*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indefatigable.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Undefatigable</i> pains."
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*fea"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indefeasible.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`de*fine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>define</i>.] <def>To make indefinite; to obliterate or confuse the
definition or limitations of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*de"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>deify</i>.] <def>To degrade from the state of deity; to deprive of the
character or qualities of a god; to deprive of the reverence due to a
god.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*ni"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not deniable; incapable of denial; palpably true; indisputable;
obvious; as, <i>undeniable</i> evidence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unobjectionable; unquestionably excellent; as, a
person of <i>undeniable</i> connections.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*ni"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an undeniable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*part"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being parted; inseparable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [AS. <i>under</i>, prep. &
adv.; akin to OFries. <i>under</i>, OS. <i>undar</i>, D. <i>onder</i>, G.
<i>unter</i>, OHG. <i>untar</i>, Icel. <i>undir</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>under</i>, Goth. <i>undar</i>, L. <i>infra</i> below, <i>inferior</i>
lower, Skr. <i>adhas</i> below. &radic;201.   Cf. <u>Inferior</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Below or lower, in place or position, with the idea
of being covered; lower than; beneath; -- opposed to <i>over</i>; as, he
stood <i>under</i> a tree; the carriage is <i>under</i> cover; a cellar
extends <i>under</i> the whole house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fruit put in bottles, and the bottles let down into wells
<i>under</i> water, will keep long.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be gathered now, ye waters <i>under</i> heaven,<BR>
Into one place.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence, in many figurative uses which may be
classified as follows; --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Denoting relation to some thing or person that
is superior, weighs upon, oppresses, bows down, governs, directs,
influences powerfully, or the like, in a relation of subjection,
subordination, obligation, liability, or the like; as, to travel
<i>under</i> a heavy load; to live <i>under</i> extreme oppression; to have
fortitude <i>under</i> the evils of life; to have patience <i>under</i>
pain, or <i>under</i> misfortunes; to behave like a Christian <i>under</i>
reproaches and injuries; <i>under</i> the pains and penalties of the law;
the condition <i>under</i> which one enters upon an office; <i>under</i>
the necessity of obeying the laws; <i>under</i> vows of chastity.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1569 !></p>

<p><blockquote>Both Jews and Gentiles . . . are all <i>under</i>
sin.</blockquote> <i>Rom. iii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That led the embattled seraphim to war<BR>
<i>Under</i> thy conduct.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who have their provand<BR>
Only for bearing burdens, and sore blows<BR>
For sinking <i>under</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Denoting relation to something that exceeds in
rank or degree, in number, size, weight, age, or the like; in a relation of
the less to the greater, of inferiority, or of falling short.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Three sons he dying left <i>under</i> age.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Medicines take effect sometimes <i>under</i>, and sometimes
above, the natural proportion of their virtue.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are several hundred parishes in England <i>under</i>
twenty pounds a year.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was too great an honor for any man <i>under</i> a
duke.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Hence, it sometimes means <i>at</i>, <i>with</i>, or <i>for</i>,
<i>less than</i>; as, he would not sell the horse <i>under</i> sixty
dollars.</p>

<p><blockquote>Several young men could never leave the pulpit <i>under</i>
half a dozen conceits.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Denoting relation to something that comprehends
or includes, that represents or designates, that furnishes a cover,
pretext, pretense, or the like; as, he betrayed him <i>under</i> the guise
of friendship; Morpheus is represented <i>under</i> the figure of a boy
asleep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A crew who, <i>under</i> names of old renown . . .
abused<BR>
Fanatic Egypt.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mr. Duke may be mentioned <i>under</i> the double capacity
of a poet and a divine.</blockquote> <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Under</i> this head may come in the several contests and
wars betwixt popes and the secular princes.</blockquote> <i>C.
Leslie.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Less specifically, denoting the relation of
being subject, of undergoing regard, treatment, or the like; as, a bill
<i>under</i> discussion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abject and lost, lay these, covering the flood,<BR>
<i>Under</i> amazement of their hideous change.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Under arms</b></col>. <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Drawn up fully armed and equipped.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Enrolled for military service; as, the state has a million men <i>under
arms</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Under canvas</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>Moved or propelled by sails; -- said of any vessel with
her sail set, but especially of a steamer using her sails only, as
distinguished from one <i>under steam</i>. <i>Under steam and canvas</i>
signifies that a vessel is using both means of propulsion.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <cd>Provided with, or sheltered in,
tents.</cd> -- <col><b>Under fire</b></col>, <cd>exposed to an enemy's
fire; taking part in a battle or general engagement.</cd> -- <col><b>Under
foot</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Foot</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Under ground</b></col>, <cd>below the surface of the ground.</cd> -
- <col><b>Under one's signature</b></col>, <cd>with one's signature or name
subscribed; attested or confirmed by one's signature.  Cf. the second Note
under <u>Over</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Under
sail</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>With anchor up, and
under the influence of sails; moved by sails; in motion.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>With sails set, though the anchor is down.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Same as <i>Under canvas</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>,
above.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Under sentence</b></col>, <cd>having
had one's sentence pronounced.</cd> -- <col><b>Under the breath</b></col>,
<cd>with low voice; very softly.</cd> -- <col><b>Under the lee</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to the leeward; as, <i>under the lee</i> of the
land.</cd> -- <col><b>Under the rose</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Rose</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Under water</b></col>, <cd>below the
surface of the water.</cd> -- <col><b>Under way</b></col>, or <col><b>Under
weigh</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>in a condition to make progress; having
started.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lower, subject, or
subordinate condition; in subjection; -- used chiefly in a few idiomatic
phrases; as, to <i>bring under</i>, to reduce to subjection; to subdue; to
<i>keep under</i>, to keep in subjection; to control; <i>to go under</i>,
to be unsuccessful; to fail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I keep <i>under</i> my body, and bring it into
subjection.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. ix. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The minstrel fell, but the foeman's chain<BR>
Could not bring his proud soul <i>under</i>.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Under</i> is often used in composition with a verb to indicate
<i>lowness</i> or <i>inferiority in position</i> or <i>degree</i>, in the
act named by the verb; as, to <i>under</i>line; to <i>under</i>mine; to
<i>under</i>prop.</p>

<p><hw>Un"der</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lower in position, intensity,
rank, or degree; subject; subordinate; -- generally in composition with a
noun, and written with or without the hyphen; as, an <i>under</i>current;
<i>under</i>tone; <i>under</i>dose; <i>under</i>-garment;
<i>under</i>officer; <i>under</i>sheriff.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Under covert</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the
feathers situated beneath the bases of the quills in the wings and tail of
a bird. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Bird</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To perform
inefficiently, as a play; to act feebly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*ac`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Subordinate
action; a minor action incidental or subsidiary to the main story; an
episode.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The least episodes or <i>underactions</i> . . . are parts
necessary or convenient to carry on the main design.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*ac`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
actor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der-age`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having arrived
at adult age, or at years of discretion; hence, raw; green; immature;
boyish; childish.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I myself have loved a lady, and pursued her with a great
deal of <i>under-age</i> protestation.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*a`gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*aid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To aid
clandestinely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un"der-arm</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>Done
(as bowling) with the arm not raised above the elbow, that is, not swung
far out from the body; underhand.  Cf. <u>Over-arm</u> and <u>Round-
Arm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Brewing)</i> <def>A
vessel which receives the wort as it flows from the mashing tub.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*bear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>underberan</i>. See <u>Under</u>, and <u>Bear</u> to support.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To support; to endure.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To line; to guard; to face; as, cloth of gold
<i>underborne</i> with blue tinsel.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*bear`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who supports
or sustains; especially, at a funeral, one of those who bear the copse, as
distinguished from a <i>bearer</i>, or <i>pallbearer</i>, who helps to hold
up the pall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*bid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bid less than,
as when a contract or service is offered to the lowest bidder; to offer to
contract, sell, or do for a less price than.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*bind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bind
beneath.</def>  <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Under the board,
or table; hence, secretly; unfairly; underhand. See the Note under
<u>Aboveboard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*brace</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To brace,
fasten, or bind underneath or below.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*branch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A lower branch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A twig or branchlet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*bred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not thoroughly
bred; ill-bred; as, an <i>underbred</i> fellow.</def>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*brush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Shrubs, small
trees, and the like, in a wood or forest, growing beneath large trees;
undergrowth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*build`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate or
assistant builder.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>underbuilder</i> in the house of God.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*build`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Substruction</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*buy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To buy at less
than the real value or worth; to buy cheaper than.</def> [R.]  <i>J.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*cast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cast under or
beneath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*cham"ber*lain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A deputy
chamberlain of the exchequer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*chant"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Subchanter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*chaps`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The lower
chaps or jaw.</def>  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*charge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To charge below or under; to charge less than is usual or suitable
fro; as, to <i>undercharge</i> goods or services.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put too small a charge into; as, to
<i>undercharge</i> a gun.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Undercharged mine</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a mine whose
crater is not as wide at top as it is deep.</cd>  <i>W. P.
Craighill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*charge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A charge that is
less than is usual or suitable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*clay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
stratum of clay lying beneath a coal bed, often containing the roots of
coal plants, especially the <i>Stigmaria</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*cliff`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
cliff on a shore, consisting of material that has fallen from the higher
cliff above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*clothes`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Clothes worn
under others, especially those worn next the skin for warmth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*cloth`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Underclothes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*coat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A coat worn under another; a light coat, as distinguished from an
overcoat, or a greatcoat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A growth of short hair or fur partially
concealed by a longer growth; as, a dog's <i>undercoat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*con`duct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lower conduit;
a subterranean conduit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*con*sump"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Polit.
Econ.)</i> <def>Consumption of less than is produced; consumption of less
than the usual amount.</def>  <i>F. A. Walk&?;r.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*craft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sly trick or
device; as, an <i>undercraft</i> of authors.</def> [R.]  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*creep"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To creep
secretly or privily.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*crest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To support as a
crest; to bear.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*croft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Under</i> + Prov. E.
<i>croft</i> a vault; cf. OD. <i>krochte</i> crypt, and E. <i>crypt</i>.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A subterranean room of any kind; esp., one under a
church (see <u>Crypt</u>), or one used as a chapel or for any sacred
purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*cry"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cry
aloud.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*cur`rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A current below the surface of water, sometimes flowing in a contrary
direction to that on the surface.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively, a tendency of feeling,
opinion, or the like, in a direction contrary to what is publicly shown; an
unseen influence or tendency; as, a strong <i>undercurrent</i> of sentiment
in favor of a prisoner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the while there was a busy <i>undercurrent</i> in
her.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*cur`rent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Running beneath the
surface; hidden.</def> [R.] "<i>Undercurrent</i> woe."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*cut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lower or under
side of a sirloin of beef; the fillet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*cut"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cut away, as
the side of an object, so as to leave an overhanging portion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*deal`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Crafty, unfair,
or underhand dealing; unfair practice; trickery.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*delve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To delve
under.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`der*dig"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dig under or
beneath; to undermine.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*ditch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To dig an
underground ditches in, so as to drain the surface; to underdrain; as, to
<i>underditch</i> a field or a farm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*do"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To do less than is
requisite or proper; -- opposed to <i>overdo</i>.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*do"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To do less thoroughly
than is requisite; specifically, to cook insufficiently; as, to
<i>underdo</i> the meat; -- opposed to <i>overdo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*do`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who underdoes;
a shirk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*dolv"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Underdelve</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*dose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dose which is
less than required; a small or insufficient dose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*dose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To give an
underdose or underdoses to; to practice giving insufficient
doses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*drain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An underground
drain or trench with openings through which the water may percolate from
the soil or ground above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*drain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To drain by
forming an underdrain or underdrains in; as, to <i>underdrain</i>
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*dressed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not dresses
enough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*es"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set
to&?; low a value on; to estimate below the truth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*es"ti*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
underestimating; too low an estimate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*fac`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
party or faction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*fac`ul*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inferior or
subordinate faculty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*farm`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assistant
farmer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*feed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To feed with too
little food; to supply with an insufficient quantity of food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*fel`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An underling
&?;&?; mean, low fellow.</def> [R.]  <i> Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*fill`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The filling
below or beneath; the under part of a building.</def>  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*fol"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To follow
closely or immediately after.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*fong"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>underfongen</i>, p. p. of <i>underf&?;n</i> to undertake; <i>under</i>
under + <i>f&?;n</i> to take. See <u>Fang</u> to seize.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To undertake; to take in hand; to receive.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman. Rom. of R.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To insnare; to circumvent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sustain; to support; to guard.</def>
<i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*foot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Under the feet;
underneath; below. See <i>Under foot</i>, under <u>Foot</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*foot"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Low; base; abject;
trodden down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*fringe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lower fringe; a
fringe underneath something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Broad-faced, with <i>underfringe</i> of russet
beard.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*fur"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply
with less than enough; to furnish insufficiently.</def>
<i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*fur"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover as
under a furrow; to plow in; as, to <i>underfurrow</i> seed or
manure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der-gar`ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A garment worn
below another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*get"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To get under or
beneath; also, to understand.</def> [Obs.]  <i>R. of Gloucester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*gird"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To blind below;
to gird round the bottom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They used helps, <i>undergirding</i> the ship.</blockquote>
<i>Acts xxvii. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*glaze`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Applied under the
glaze, that is, before the glaze, that is, before the glaze is put on;
fitted to be so applied; -- said of colors in porcelain painting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*go"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Underwent</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Undergone</u> (?; 115);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Undergoing</u>.] [AS.
<i>underg&amacr;n</i>. See <u>Under</u>, and <u>Go</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To go or move below or under.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be subjected to; to bear up against; to pass
through; to endure; to suffer; to sustain; as, to <i>undergo</i> toil and
fatigue; to <i>undergo</i> pain, grief, or anxiety; to <i>undergo</i>the
operation of amputation; food in the stomach <i>undergoes</i> the process
of digestion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Certain to <i>undergo</i> like doom.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be the bearer of; to possess.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their virtues else, be they as pure as grace,<BR>
As infinite as man may <i>undergo</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To undertake; to engage in; to hazard.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I have moved already<BR>
Some certain of the noblest-minded Romans<BR>
To <i>undergo</i> with me an enterprise.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be subject or amenable to; to underlie.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Claudio <i>undergoes</i> my challenge.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*god`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lower or
inferio&?; god; a subordinate deity; a demigod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*gore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gore
underneath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*gown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gown worn under
another, or under some other article of dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>undergown</i> and kirtle of pale sea-green
silk.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*grad"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of a
university or a college who has not taken his first degree; a student in
any school who has not completed his course.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*grad"u*ate</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to an undergraduate, or the body of undergraduates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*grad"u*ate*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The position
or condition of an undergraduate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*groan</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To groan
beneath.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Earth <i>undergroaned</i> their high-raised
feet.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*ground`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The place or
space beneath the surface of the ground; subterranean space.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A spirit raised from depth of
<i>underground</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*ground`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being below the surface of the ground; as, an <i>underground</i> story
or apartment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done or occurring out of sight; secret.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Underground railroad</b></col> or <col><b>railway</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Railroad</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*ground`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Beneath the surface
of the earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*grove`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A grove of shrubs
or low trees under taller ones.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*grow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow to an
inferior, or less than the usual, size or height.</def>  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*grow"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Undergrown.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*grown"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of small stature;
not grown to a full height or size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*growth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which grows
under trees; specifically, shrubs or small trees growing among large
trees.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*grub"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
undermine.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Secret; clandestine; hence, mean; unfair; fraudulent.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball, Cricket, etc.)</i> <def>Done, as
pitching, with the hand lower than the shoulder, or, as bowling, with the
hand lower than elbow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>By secret means; in a clandestine manner; hence, by fraud;
unfairly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such mean revenge, committed <i>underhand</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Baillie Macwheeble provided Janet, <i>underhand</i>, with
meal for their maintenance.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Baseball, Cricket, etc.)</i> <def>In an underhand
manner; -- said of pitching or bowling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*hand`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Underhand; clandestine.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1570 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Insufficiently provided with hands or workers;
short-handed; sparsely populated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Norway . . . might defy the world, . . . but it is much
<i>underhanded</i> now.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*hand`ed*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
underhand manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*hang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To hang
under or down; to suspend.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*hang`man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assistant or
deputy hangman.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blockhead, or
stupid person; a dunderhead.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*heave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To heave or
lift from below.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*hew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hew less than
is usual or proper; specifically, to hew, as a piece of timber which should
be square, in such a manner that it appears to contain a greater number of
cubic feet than it really does contain.</def>  <i>Haldeman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*hon"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not entirely
honest.</def> [R.] "We think him overproud and <i>underhonest</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*hung"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Carp.)</i> <def>Resting on a track at the bottom, instead of being
suspended; -- said of a sliding door.</def>  <i>Forney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the lower jaw projecting.</def>  <i>T.
Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*jaw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lower jaw.</def>
<i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*join"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To join below or
beneath; to subjoin.</def>  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*keep"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To keep under,
or in subjection; to suppress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*keep`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
keeper or guardian.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*kind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inferior
kind.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*king`dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate or
dependent kingdom.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*la`bor*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assistant or
subordinate laborer.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*laid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Laid or placed
underneath; also, having something laid or lying underneath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>underlecgan</i>. See <u>Under</u>, and <u>Lay</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay beneath; to put
under.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise or support by something laid under; as,
to <i>underlay</i> a cut, plate, or the like, for printing. See
<u>Underlay</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To put a tap on (a shoe).</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`der*lay"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To
incline from the vertical; to hade; -- said of a vein, fault, or
lode.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*lay`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>The inclination of a vein, fault, or lode from the
vertical; a hade; -- called also <i>underlie</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A thickness of paper,
pasteboard, or the like, placed under a cut, or stereotype plate, or under
type, in the from, to bring it, or any part of it, to the proper height;
also, something placed back of a part of the tympan, so as to secure the
right impression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*lay`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, underlays or is underlaid; a lower
layer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A perpendicular shaft sunk to
cut the lode at any required depth.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*leaf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A prolific sort of
apple, good for cider.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*lease</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
lease granted by a tenant or lessee; especially, a lease granted by one who
is himself a lessee for years, for any fewer or less number of years than
he himself holds; a sublease.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*let"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To let below the value.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All my farms were <i>underlet</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To let or lease at second hand; to
sublet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*let`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tenant or
lessee who grants a lease to another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*lie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>underlicgan</i>. See <u>Under</u>, and <u>Lie</u> to be prostrate.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lie under; to rest beneath; to be situated
under; as, a stratum of clay <i>underlies</i> the surface gravel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be at the basis of; to form the foundation
of; to support; as, a doctrine <i>underlying</i> a theory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be subject or amenable to.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The knight of Ivanhoe . . . <i>underlies</i> the challenge
of Brian der Bois Guilbert.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*lie"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lie below or
under.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*lie`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Underlay</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*line"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To mark a line below, as words; to underscore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To influence secretly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir H.
Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Under</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <def>An inferior person or agent; a subordinate; hence, a mean,
sorry fellow.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>he fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars,<BR>
But in ourselves, that we are <i>underlings</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*lip`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lower
lip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lock of wool
hanging under the belly of a sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*lock`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
person who inspects a mine daily; -- called also
<i>underviewer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*ly"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying under or
beneath; hence, fundamental; as, the <i>underlying</i> strata of a
locality; <i>underlying</i> principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*manned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Insufficiently furnished with men; short-handed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*mast`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Having masts smaller than the usual dimension; -- said of
vessels.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A master
subordinate to the principal master; an assistant master.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*match`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is not a
match for another.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*meal`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>under</i> under
+ <i>m&?;l</i> part or portion; cf. AS. <i>underm&?;l</i> midday. See
<u>Under</u>, <u>Meal</u> a part, and cf. <u>Undern</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The inferior, or after, part of the day; the
afternoon.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>undermeals</i> and in mornings.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, something occurring or done in the
afternoon; esp., an afternoon meal; supper; also, an afternoon nap; a
siesta.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Another great supper, or <i>undermeal</i>, was made ready
for them, coming home from ditching and plowing.</blockquote> <i>Withals
(1608).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I think I am furnished with Cattern [Catharine] pears for
one <i>undermeal</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In a narrower limit than the forty years' <i>undermeal</i>
of the seven sleepers.</blockquote> <i>Nash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*mine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To excavate the earth beneath, or the part of, especially for the
purpose of causing to fall or be overthrown; to form a mine under; to sap;
as, to <i>undermine</i> a wall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A vast rock <i>undermined</i> from one end to the other, and
a highway running through it.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To remove the foundation or support of by
clandestine means; to ruin in an underhand way; as, to <i>undermine</i>
reputation; to <i>undermine</i> the constitution of the state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He should be warned who are like to <i>undermine</i>
him.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*min"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
undermines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*min"is*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To serve,
or minister to, in a subordinate relation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*min"is*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
or inferior ministry.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*mirth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Suppressed or
concealed mirth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>The Coronation.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*mon"eyed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bribed.</def>
[R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*most</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Under</u>; cf.
<u>Aftermost</u>.] <def>Lowest, as in place, rank, or condition.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"dern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>undern</i>; akin to
OS. <i>undorn</i>, OHG. <i>untarn</i>, <i>untorn</i>, Icel. <i>undorn</i>
mid afternoon, mid forenoon, Goth. <i>unda&uacute;rnimats</i> the midday
meal.  Cf. <u>Undermeal</u>, <u>Undertime</u>.] <def>The time between; the
time between sunrise and noon; specifically, the third hour of the day, or
nine o'clock in the morning, according to ancient reckoning; hence,
mealtime, because formerly the principal meal was eaten at that hour; also,
later, the afternoon; the time between dinner and supper.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Betwixt <i>undern</i> and noon was the field all
won.</blockquote> <i>R. of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In a bed of worts still he lay<BR>
Till it was past <i>undern</i> of the day.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*neath"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>undirnepe</i>. See <u>Under</u>, and <u>Beneath</u>.] <def>Beneath;
below; in a lower place; under; as, a channel <i>underneath</i> the
soil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or sullen mole, that runneth <i>underneath</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*neath"</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Under; beneath;
below.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Underneath</i> this stone lie<BR>
As much beauty as could die.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*nice"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A want of
niceness; indelicacy; impropriety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*nime"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Undernom</u> (?).] [OE. <i>undernimen</i>. See
<u>Under</u>, and <u>Nim</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To receive; to
perceive.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He the savor <i>undernom</i><BR>
Which that the roses and the lilies cast.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reprove; to reprehend.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*of`fi*cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*part`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A subordinate
part.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It should be lightened with <i>underparts</i> of
mirth.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*pay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pay
inadequately.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*peep"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To peep
under.</def> "The flame . . . would <i>underpeep</i> her lids." [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*peer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To peer
under.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`der*peo"pled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not fully
peopled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*pight"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Underpitch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*pin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Underpinned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Underpinning</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay stones, masonry, etc.,
under, as the sills of a building, on which it is to rest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To support by some solid foundation; to place
something underneath for support.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*pin`ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who underpins; the act of supporting by stones,
masonry, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That by which
a building is underpinned; the material and construction used for support,
introduced beneath a wall already constructed.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The foundation, esp. of a frame house.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`der*pitch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Underpight</u>.] [OE. <i>underpicchen</i>. See
<u>Under</u>, and <u>Pitch</u> to throw, fix.] <def>To fill underneath; to
stuff.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He drank and well his girdle <i>underpight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*play"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To play in a subordinate, or in an inferior manner; to underact a
part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>To play a low card when
holding a high one, in the hope of a future advantage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*play`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<def>The act of underplaying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*plot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A series of events in a play, proceeding collaterally with the main
story, and subservient to it.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A clandestine scheme; a trick.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*poise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To weigh,
estimate, or rate below desert; to undervalue.</def> [R.]
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*pos*sess`or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
possesses or holds anything subject to the superior of another.</def>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*praise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To praise
below desert.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*prize"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To undervalue;
to underestimate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*pro*duc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Polit.
Econ.)</i> <def>The production of less than is demanded or of less than the
usual supply.</def>  <i>F. A. Walker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing less
alcohol than proof spirit. See <i>Proof spirit</i>, under
<u>Spirit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*prop"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prop from
beneath; to put a prop under; to support; to uphold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Underprop</i> the head that bears the crown.</blockquote>
<i>Fenton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*pro*por"tioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
inadequate or inferior proportions; small; poor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Scanty and <i>underproportioned</i> returns of
civility.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*prop`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, underprops or supports.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*pull"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To exert one's
influence secretly.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ld. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*pull`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
underpulls.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`der*put"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put or send
under.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`der*rate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rate too low;
to rate below the value; to undervalue.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*rate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A price less than
the value; as, to sell a thing at an <i>underrate</i>.</def>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*reck"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To reckon
below what is right or proper; to underrate.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*run"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To run or pass
under; especially <i>(Naut.)</i>, to pass along and under, as a cable, for
the purpose of taking it in, or of examining it.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The cable passes over the bows and stern of the boat used, while
the men haul the boat along by pulling upon the cable.  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To underrun a tackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to separate
its parts and put them in order.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*sail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To sail
alongshore.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un"der*sailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inadequately
equipped with sails.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`der*sat"u*ra`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not fully
saturated; imperfectly saturated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*say"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To say by way of
derogation or contradiction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*score"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To draw a mark
or line under; to underline.</def>  <i>J. Tucker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*sec"re*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A secretary
who is subordinate to the chief secretary; an assistant secretary; as, an
<i>undersecretary</i> of the Treasury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*sell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sell the same
articles at a lower price than; to sell cheaper than.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*serv`ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inferior
servant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*set"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prop or
support.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Undercurrent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*set`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, undersets or supports; a prop; a support; a pedestal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*set`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something set or
built under as a support; a pedestal.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*shap`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Under the usual
shape or size; small; dwarfish.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>His dwarf, a vicious <i>undershapen</i> thing.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*sher`iff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sheriff's
deputy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*sher`iff*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Undershrievalty.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un"der*shirt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shirt worn next
the skin, under another shirt; -- called also <i>undervest</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*shoot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To shoot short
of (a mark).</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*shot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the lower incisor teeth projecting beyond
the upper ones, as in the bulldog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moved by water passing beneath; -- said of a
water wheel, and opposed to <i>overshot</i>; as, an <i>undershot</i>
wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*shriev"al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office
or position of an undersheriff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*shrieve`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
low shrub; a woody plant of low stature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*shrub`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Partly
shrublike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*shut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Closed from
beneath.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Undershut valve</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a valve which
shuts by being lifted against a seat facing downward.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lower or lowest
side of anything.</def>  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*sign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To write one's
name at the foot or end of, as a letter or any legal instrument.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The undersigned</b></col>, <cd>the person whose name is signed,
or the persons whose names are signed, at the end of a document; the
subscriber or subscribers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*sized`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a size less
than is common.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*skink`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Undertapster.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un"der*skirt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A petticoat; the
foundation skirt of a draped dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*sky`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lower region of
the sky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Floating about the <i>undersky</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*sleeve`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sleeve of an
under-garment; a sleeve worn under another,</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*soil`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The soil beneath
the surface; understratum; subsoil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*sold"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Undersell</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*song`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The burden of a song; the chorus; the refrain.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Accompanying strain; subordinate and underlying
meaning; accompaniment; undertone.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the very [poetry] there often an <i>undersong</i> of
sense which none beside the poetic mind . . . can comprehend.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*sparred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Having spars smaller than the usual dimension; -- said of
vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*spend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To spend less
than.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*sphere`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sphere which is smaller than, and in its movements subject to,
another; a satellite.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inferior sphere, or field of
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*spore"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To raise with a
spar, or piece of wood, used as a lever.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Give me a staff that I may <i>underspore</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*stair`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the kitchen, or the servants' quarters; hence, subordinate;
menial.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un"der*stairs`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The basement or
cellar.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1571 !></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*stand"</hw> (&ubreve;n`d&etilde;r*st&abreve;nd"), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Understood</u> (?), and
Archaic <u>Understanded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Understanding</u>.] [OE. <i>understanden</i>, AS. <i>understandan</i>,
literally, to stand under; cf. AS. for<i>standan</i> to understand, G.
ver<i>stehen</i>. The development of sense is not clear. See <u>Under</u>,
and <u>Stand</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have just and adequate ideas
of; to apprehended the meaning or intention of; to have knowledge of; to
comprehend; to know; as, to <i>understand</i> a problem in Euclid; to
<i>understand</i> a proposition or a declaration; the court
<i>understands</i> the advocate or his argument; to <i>understand</i> the
sacred oracles; to <i>understand</i> a nod or a wink.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Speaketh [<i>i. e.</i>, speak thou] so plain at this time, I
you pray,<BR>
That we may <i>understande</i> what ye say.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>understand</i> not what you mean by this.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Understood</i> not all was but a show.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A tongue not <i>understanded</i> of the people.</blockquote>
<i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be apprised, or have information, of; to
learn; to be informed of; to hear; as, I <i>understand</i> that Congress
has passed the bill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To recognize or hold as being or signifying; to
suppose to mean; to interpret; to explain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The most learned interpreters <i>understood</i> the words of
sin, and not of Abel.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To mean without expressing; to imply tacitly; to
take for granted; to assume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>War, then, war,<BR>
Open or <i>understood</i>, must be resolved.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To stand under; to support.</def> [Jocose &amp; R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To give one to understand</b></col>, <cd>to cause one to
know.</cd> -- <col><b>To make one's self understood</b></col>, <cd>to make
one's meaning clear.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*stand"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To have the use of the intellectual faculties; to be an intelligent
being.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Imparadised in you, in whom alone<BR>
I <i>understand</i>, and grow, and see.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be informed; to have or receive
knowledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I came to Jerusalem, and <i>understood</i> of the evil that
Eliashib did for Tobiah.</blockquote> <i>Neh. xiii. 7.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*stand"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being understood; intelligible.</def>  <i>Chillingworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*stand"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
understands, or knows by experience.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*stand"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Knowing;
intelligent; skillful; as, he is an <i>understanding</i> man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*stand"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who understands a thing, in any sense of the verb;
knowledge; discernment; comprehension; interpretation;
explanation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An agreement of opinion or feeling; adjustment
of differences; harmony; anything mutually understood or agreed upon; as,
to come to an <i>understanding</i> with another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hoped the loyalty of his subjects would concur with him
in the preserving of a good <i>understanding</i> between him and his
people.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The power to understand; the intellectual
faculty; the intelligence; the rational powers collectively conceived an
designated; the higher capacities of the intellect; the power to
distinguish truth from falsehood, and to adapt means to ends.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a spirit in man; and the inspiration of the
Almighty them <i>understanding</i>.</blockquote> <i>Job xxxii. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The power of perception is that which we call the
<i>understanding</i>. Perception, which we make the act of the
<i>understanding</i>, is of three sorts: 1. The perception of ideas in our
mind; 2. The perception of the signification of signs; 3. The perception of
the connection or repugnancy, agreement or disagreement, that there is
between any of our ideas. All these are attributed to the
<i>understanding</i>, or perceptive power, though it be the two latter only
that use allows us to say we understand.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In its wider acceptation, <i>understanding</i> is the entire
power of perceiving an conceiving, exclusive of the sensibility: the power
of dealing with the impressions of sense, and composing them into wholes,
according to a law of unity; and in its most comprehensive meaning it
includes even simple apprehension.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the discursive faculty; the
faculty of knowing by the medium or use of general conceptions or
relations. In this sense it is contrasted with, and distinguished from, the
<i>reason</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I use the term <i>understanding</i>, not for the noetic
faculty, intellect proper, or place of principles, but for the dianoetic or
discursive faculty in its widest signification, for the faculty of
relations or comparisons; and thus in the meaning in which "verstand" is
now employed by the Germans.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sense; intelligence; perception. See <u>Sense</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Un`der*stand"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
understanding manner; intelligibly; with full knowledge or comprehension;
intelligently; as, to vote upon a question <i>understandingly</i>; to act
or judge <i>understandingly</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gospel may be neglected, but in can not be
<i>understandingly</i> disbelieved.</blockquote> <i>J. Hawes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*state"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To state or
represent less strongly than may be done truthfully.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*state`ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
understating, or the condition of being understated; that which is
understated; a statement below the truth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*stock"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply
insufficiently with stock.</def>  <i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*stood"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Understand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*strap`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A petty fellow;
an inferior agent; an underling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This was going to the fountain head at once, not applying to
the <i>understrappers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*strap`ping</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming an
understrapper; subservient.</def> [R.]  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*stra`tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Understrata</b></plw> (&?;), E. <plw><b>Understratums</b></plw>
(&?;). <def>The layer, or stratum, of earth on which the mold, or soil,
rests; subsoil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*stroke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To underline
or underscore.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*stud`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<i>(Theater)</i> <def>To study, as another actor's part, in order to be his
substitute in an emergency; to study another actor's part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*stud`y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who studies
another's part with a view to assuming it in an emergency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*suit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A suit worn under
another suit; a suit of underclothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*tak"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being undertaken; practicable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*take"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Undertook</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Undertaken</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Undertaking</u>.] [<i>Under</i> + <i>take</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take upon one's self; to engage in; to enter upon; to take in hand;
to begin to perform; to set about; to attempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To second, or oppose, or <i>undertake</i><BR>
The perilous attempt.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, to take upon one's self solemnly
or expressly; to lay one's self under obligation, or to enter into
stipulations, to perform or to execute; to covenant; to contract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll <i>undertake</i> to land them on our
coast.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to guarantee; to promise; to
affirm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he was not right fat, I <i>undertake</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And those two counties I will <i>undertake</i><BR>
Your grace shall well and quietly enjoiy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I dare <i>undertake</i> they will not lose their
labor.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To assume, as a character.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To engage with; to attack.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is not fit your lordship should <i>undertake</i> every
companion that you give offense to.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To have knowledge of; to hear.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To take or have the charge of.</def> [Obs.] "Who
<i>undertakes</i> you to your end."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Keep well those that ye <i>undertake</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*take"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To take upon one's self, or assume, any business, duty, or
province.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Lord, I am oppressed; <i>undertake</i> for
me.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xxxviii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To venture; to hazard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is the cowish terror of his spirit<BR>
That dare not <i>undertake</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give a promise or guarantee; to be
surety.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But on mine honor dare I <i>undertake</i><BR>
For good lord Titus' innocence in all.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*tak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who undertakes; one who engages in any project or business.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who stipulates or covenants to perform any
work for another; a contractor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To sign deputations for <i>undertakes</i> to furnish their
proportions of saltpeter.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In come some other <i>undertakes</i>, and promise us the
same or greater wonders.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, one who takes the charge and
management of funerals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*tak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one who undertakes, or engages in, any project or
business.</def>  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is undertaken; any business, work, or
project which a person engages in, or attempts to perform; an
enterprise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the business of an undertaker, or
the management of funerals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A promise or pledge; a guarantee.</def>  <i>A.
Trollope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*tap"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Assistant to a
tapster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*taxed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Taxed too little,
or at a lower rate than others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*ten`an*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tenancy or
tenure under a tenant or lessee; the tenure of an undertenant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*ten`ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tenant of a
tenant; one who holds lands or tenements of a tenant or lessee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der**thing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something that is
inferior and of little worth.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un"der*tide`</hw> (?), <hw>Un"der*time`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Under</i> + <u>tide</u>, time.  Cf.
<u>Undern</u>.] <def>The under or after part of the day; undermeal;
evening.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He, coming home at <i>undertime</i>, there found<BR>
The fairest creature that he ever saw.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*tone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low or subdued
tone or utterance; a tone less loud than usual.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Un`der*took"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Undertake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*tow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The
current that sets seaward near the bottom when waves are breaking upon the
shore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*treas`ur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assistant
treasurer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*turn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn upside
down; to subvert; to upset.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*val`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
undervaluing; a rate or value not equal to the real worth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*val"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To value, rate, or estimate below the real worth; to
depreciate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To esteem lightly; to treat as of little worth;
to hold in mean estimation; to despise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In comparison of it I <i>undervalued</i> all ensigns of
authority.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I write not this with the least intention to
<i>undervalue</i> the other parts of poetry.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*val"ue</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low rate or price; a
price less than the real worth; undervaluation.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*val"u*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
undervalues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*verse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lower or
second verse.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un"der*vest`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
undershirt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*view`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Underlooker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*wear`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is worn
under the outside clothing; underclothes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*ween"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
undervalue.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`der*went"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Undergo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the posterior wings of an insect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of noctuid moths belonging to <i>Catocala</i> and allied genera, in which
the hind wings are banded with red and black or other conspicuous colors.
Many of the species are called <i>red underwing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*wit`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weak in
intellect; half-witted; silly.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Kennet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Small trees and
bushes that grow among large trees; coppice; underbrush; -- formerly used
in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shrubs and <i>underwoods</i> look well enough while they
grow within the shade of oaks and cedars.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*work"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Underworked</u> (?) or <u>Underwrought</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Underworking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To injure by working secretly; to destroy or overthrow by clandestine
measure; to undermine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But thou from loving England art so far,<BR>
That thou hast <i>underwrought</i> his lawful king.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expend too little work upon; as, to
<i>underwork</i> a painting.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To do like work at a less price than; as, one
mason may <i>underwork</i> another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*work"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To work or operate in secret or clandestinely.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do less work than is proper or
suitable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To do work for a less price than current
rates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inferior or
subordinate work; petty business.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*work`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who underworks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inferior or subordinate workman.</def>
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*world`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The lower of inferior world; the world which is under the heavens; the
earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That overspreads (with such a reverence)<BR>
This <i>underworld</i>.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The mythological place of departed souls;
Hades.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The portion of the world which is below the
horizon; the opposite side of the world; the antipodes.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fresh as the first beam glittering on a sail,<BR>
That brings our friends up from the <i>underworld</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The inferior part of mankind.</def> [R.]
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*write"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Underwrote</u> (?), Obs. <u>Underwrit</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Underwritten</u> (?), Obs. <u>Underwrit</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Underwriting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To write under something else; to subscribe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What addition and change I have made I have here
<i>underwritten</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To subscribe one's name to for insurance,
especially for marine insurance; to write one's name under, or set one's
name to, as a policy of insurance, for the purpose of becoming answerable
for loss or damage, on consideration of receiving a certain premium per
cent; as, individuals, as well as companies, may <i>underwrite</i> policies
of insurance.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The broker who procures the insurance ought not, by
<i>underwriting</i> the policy, to deprive the parties of his unbiased
testimony.</blockquote> <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*write"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice the
business of insuring; to take a risk of insurance on a vessel or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*writ`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
underwrites his name to the conditions of an insurance policy, especially
of a marine policy; an insurer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*writ`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The business of an
underwriter,</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*yoke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To subject to
the yoke; to make subject.</def>  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*serve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>deserve</i>.] <def>To fail to deserve.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*serv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of no merit;
one who is nor deserving or worthy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*sign"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no artful,
ulterior, or fraudulent purpose; sincere; artless; simple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*stroy"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indestructible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*ter"mi*na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
determinable; indeterminable.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*ter"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nor
determinate; not settled or certain; indeterminate.</def> <i>South.</i> --
<wf>Un`de*ter"mi*nate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*ter`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indetermination.</def>  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*dev"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>devil</i>.] <def>To free from possession by a devil or evil spirit; to
exorcise.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They boy having gotten a habit of counterfeiting . . . would
not be <i>undeviled</i> by all their exorcisms.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`de*vo"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence or want of
devotion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*did"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Undo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*dif`fer*en"ti*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
differentiated; specifically <i>(Biol.)</i>, homogenous, or nearly so; --
said especially of young or embryonic tissues which have not yet undergone
differentiation (see <u>Differentiation</u>, 3), that is, which show no
visible separation into their different structural parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*dig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>unda</i> a wave
+ <i>-genous</i>.] <def>Generated by water.</def> [R.]  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`di*gest"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indigestible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*dight"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>dight</i>.] <def>To put off; to lay aside, as a garment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*digne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unworthy.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*dine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>undine</i>, or F.
<i>ondin</i>, <i>ondine</i>, from L. <i>unda</i> a wave, water.] <def>One
of a class of fabled female water spirits who might receive a human soul by
intermarrying with a mortal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*di"o*cesed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unprovided with a
diocese; having no diocese.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`di*rect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>direct</i>, v. t.] <def>To misdirect; to mislead.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>who make false fires to <i>undirect</i> seamen in a
tempest.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`di*rect"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>direct</i>.] <def>Indirect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`di*rect"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [In senses 1 and 2, pref.
<i>un-</i> not + <i>directed</i>; in sense 3 properly p. p. of
<i>undirect</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not directed; not guided; left
without direction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not addressed; not superscribed, as a
letter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Misdirected; misled; led astray.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`di*rect"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Indirectly.</def>  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`dis*cern"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
discernment.</def> [R.]  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1572 !></p>

<p><hw>Un`dis*close"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>disclose</i>.] <def>To keep close or secret.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`dis*creet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Indiscreet.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`dis*creet"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- --
<wf>Un`dis*creet"ness</wf>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`dis*cre"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Indiscretion.</p>

<p><hw>Un`dis*pen"sa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Indispensable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unavoidable; inevitable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not to be freed by dispensation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`dis*pensed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not dispensed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not freed by dispensation.</def> [R.]
<i>Tooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`dis*pos"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Indisposition; disinclination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*dis"pu*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indisputable.</def> <i>Addison.</i> -- <wf>Un*dis"pu*ta*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`dis*tinc"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making no
distinctions; not discriminating; impartial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As <i>undistinctive</i> Death will come here one
day.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`dis*tinct"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Indistinctly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`di*vid"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not divided; not separated or disunited; unbroken; whole; continuous;
as, plains <i>undivided</i> by rivers or mountains.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not set off, as a share in a firm; not made
actually separate by division; as, a partner, owning one half in a firm, is
said to own an <i>undivided</i> half so long as the business continues and
his share is not set off to him.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not directed or given to more than one object;
as, <i>undivided</i> attention or affection.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Not lobed, cleft, or branched;
entire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`di*vid"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indivisible.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>True courage and courtesy are <i>undividual</i>
companions.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`di*vis"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indivisible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*do"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>und&?;n</i>. See
1st <u>Un-</u>, and Do to perform.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reverse, as
what has been done; to annul; to bring to naught.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What's done can not be <i>undone</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To-morrow, ere the setting sun,<BR>
She 'd all <i>undo</i> that she had done.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To loose; to open; to take to piece; to
unfasten; to untie; hence, to unravel; to solve; as, to <i>undo</i> a knot;
to <i>undo</i> a puzzling question; to <i>undo</i> a riddle.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pray you, <i>undo</i> this button.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She took the spindle, and <i>undoing</i> the thread
gradually, measured it.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring to poverty; to impoverish; to ruin, as
in reputation, morals, hopes, or the like; as, many are <i>undone</i> by
unavoidable losses, but more <i>undo</i> themselves by vices and
dissipation, or by indolence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That quaffing and drinking will <i>undo</i>
you,</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*dock"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>dock</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To take out of dock; as, to <i>undock</i>
a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*do"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who undoes
anything; especially, one who ruins another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*do"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
reversal of what has been done.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ruin.</def> "The utter <i>undoing</i> of some."
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`do*mes"ti*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref.
<i>un-</i> + <i>domesticate</i>.] <def>To make wild or roving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*done"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Undo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*done"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>done</i>.] <def>Not done or performed; neglected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*dou"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>double</i>.] <def>To unfold, or render single.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*doubt"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Indubitable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*doubt"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not doubted; not called
in question; indubitable; indisputable; as, <i>undoubted</i> proof;
<i>undoubted</i> hero.</def> -- <wf>Un*doubt"ed*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*drape"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>drape</i>.] <def>To strip of drapery; to uncover or unveil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*draw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>draw</i>.] <def>To draw aside or open; to draw back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Angels <i>undrew</i> the curtain of the throne.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*dreamed"</hw> (?), <hw>Un*dreamt"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not dreamed, or dreamed of; not th&?;ught of; not
imagined; -- often followed by <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unpathed waters, <i>undreamed</i> shores.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*dress"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>dress</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divest of clothes; to strip.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To divest of ornaments to disrobe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To take the dressing, or covering,
from; as, to <i>undress</i> a wound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"dress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
loose, negligent dress; ordinary dress, as distinguished from <i>full
dress</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil. &amp; Naval)</i> <def>An authorized habitual
dress of officers and soldiers, but not full-dress uniform.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Undress parade</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a substitute for
dress parade, allowed in bad weather, the companies forming without arms,
and the ceremony being shortened.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*du"bi*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Indubitable; as,
an <i>undubitable</i> principle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*due"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
due; not yet owing; as, an <i>undue</i> debt, note, or bond.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not right; not lawful or legal; improper; as, an
<i>undue</i> proceeding.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not agreeable to a rule or standard, or to duty;
disproportioned; excessive; immoderate; inordinate; as, an <i>undue</i>
attachment to forms; an <i>undue</i> rigor in the execution of
law.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Undue influence</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>any improper or
wrongful constraint, machination, or urgency of persuasion, by which one's
will is overcome and he is induced to do or forbear an act which he would
not do, or would do, if left to act freely.</cd>  <i>Abbott.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Un*due"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
undue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*duke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>duke</i>.] <def>To deprive of dukedom.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"du*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Undulating.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un"du*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Undulate</u>.]
<def>Moving like waves; undulatory.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"du*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>undulatus</i>
undulated, wavy, a dim. from <i>unda</i> a wave; cf. AS. &?;&?;, Icel.
<i>unnr</i>; perhaps akin to E. <i>water</i>.  Cf. <u>Abound</u>,
<u>Inundate</u>, <u>Redound</u>, <u>Surround</u>.] <def>Same as
<u>Undulated</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"du*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Undulated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Undulating</u>.] <def>To cause to move backward and forward, or up and
down, in undulations or waves; to cause to vibrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Breath vocalized, that is, vibrated and
<i>undulated</i>.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"du*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move in, or have,
undulations or waves; to vibrate; to wave; as, <i>undulating</i>
air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"du*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling, or in the nature of, waves; having a wavy surface;
undulatory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Waved obtusely up and down, near
the margin, as a leaf or corolla; wavy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Formed with elevations and
depressions resembling waves; having wavelike color markings; as, an
<i>undulated</i> shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"du*la`ting</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rising and falling
like waves; resembling wave form or motion; undulatory; rolling; wavy; as,
an <i>undulating</i> medium; <i>undulating</i> ground.</def> --
<wf>Un"du*la`ting*ly</wf>. <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`du*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ondulation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of undulating; a waving
motion or vibration; as, the <i>undulations</i> of a fluid, of water, or of
air; the <i>undulations</i> of sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wavy appearance or outline; waviness.</def>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The tremulous
tone produced by a peculiar pressure of the finger on a string, as of a
violin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pulsation caused by the
vibrating together of two tones not quite in unison; -- called also
<i>beat</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A motion to and fro, up and
down, or from side to side, in any fluid or elastic medium, propagated
continuously among its particles, but with no translation of the particles
themselves in the direction of the propagation of the wave; a wave motion;
a vibration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`du*la"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who advocates
the undulatory theory of light.</def>  <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"du*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consisting in, or
accompanied by, undulations; undulatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"du*la*to*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ondulatoire</i>.] <def>Moving in the manner of undulations, or waves;
resembling the motion of waves, which successively rise or swell rise or
swell and fall; pertaining to a propagated alternating motion, similar to
that of waves.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Undulatory theory</b></col>, or <col><b>Wave
theory</b></col><cd> (of light) <i>(Opt.)</i>, that theory which regards
its various phenomena as due to undulations in an ethereal medium,
propagated from the radiant with immense, but measurable, velocities, and
producing different impressions on the retina according to their amplitude
and frequency, the sensation of brightness depending on the former, that of
color on the latter. The undulations are supposed to take place, not in the
direction of propagation, as in the air waves constituting sound, but
transversely, and the various phenomena of refraction, polarization,
interference, etc., are attributable to the different affections of these
undulations in different circumstances of propagation. It is computed that
the frequency of the undulations corresponding to the several colors of the
spectrum ranges from 458 millions of millions per second for the extreme
red ray, to 727 millions of millions for the extreme violet, and their
lengths for the same colors, from the thirty-eight thousandth to the sixty
thousandth part of an inch. The theory of ethereal undulations is
applicable not only to the phenomena of light, but also to those of
heat.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Un*dull"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>dull</i>.] <def>To remove the dullness of; to clear.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"du*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Undulating;
undulatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*du"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an undue
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*dump"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>dumpish</i>.] <def>To relieve from the dumps.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*dust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>dust</i>.] <def>To free from dust.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*dwell"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Uninhabitable.</def> [Obs.] "A land <i>undwellable</i>."
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*dwelt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not lived (in); --
with <i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*dy"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not dying;
imperishable; unending; immortal; as, the <i>undying</i> souls of
men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*eared"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not eared, or
plowed.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*earned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not earned; not
gained by labor or service.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Unearned increment</b></col> <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i>, <cd>a
increase in the value of land due to no labor or expenditure on the part of
the owner, but to natural causes, such as the increase of population, the
growth of a town in the vicinity, or the like. Some hold that this should
belong to the nation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*earth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Unearthed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Unearthing</u>.] [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>earth</i>.] <def>To drive or
draw from the earth; hence, to uncover; to bring out from concealment; to
bring to light; to disclose; as, to <i>unearth</i> a secret.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>unearth</i> the roof of an old tree.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*earth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not terrestrial;
supernatural; preternatural; hence, weird; appalling; terrific; as, an
<i>unearthly</i> sight or sound.</def> -- <wf>Un*earth"li*ness</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*ease"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of ease;
uneasiness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*eas"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an easy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*eas"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being uneasy; restlessness; disquietude;
anxiety.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of making uneasy; discomfort; as,
the <i>uneasiness</i> of the road.</def> [Obs.]  <i> Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*eas"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
easy; difficult.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Things . . . so <i>uneasy</i> to be satisfactorily
understood.</blockquote> <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The road will be <i>uneasy</i> to find.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Restless; disturbed by pain, anxiety, or the
like; disquieted; perturbed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul, <i>uneasy</i> and confined from home,<BR>
Rests and expatiates in a life to come.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not easy in manner; constrained; stiff; awkward;
not graceful; as, an <i>uneasy</i> deportment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Occasioning want of ease; constraining;
cramping; disagreeable; unpleasing.</def> "His <i>uneasy</i> station."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sour, untractable nature makes him <i>uneasy</i> to those
who approach him.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*eath"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>une&aacute;&?;e</i>;
<i>un-</i> not + <i>e&aacute;&?;&?;</i> easily, easy; akin to OS.
<i>&?;&?;i</i> easy, OHG. <i>&?;di</i>.] <def>Not easy; difficult;
hard.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who he was, <i>uneath</i> was to descry.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*eath"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not easily; hardly;
scarcely.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Uneath</i> may she endure the flinty
streets.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*edge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>edge</i>.] <def>To deprive of the edge; to blunt.</def>  <i>J.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`e*fec"tu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ineffectual.</def> "His <i>uneffectual</i> fire."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`e*las"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not elastic;
inelastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`e*las*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inelasticity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*el"e*gant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inelegant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*el"i*gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ineligible.</def>
<i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`em*bar"rassed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
embarrassed.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not perplexed in mind; not confused; as, the
speaker appeared <i>unembarrassed</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Free from pecuniary difficulties or
encumbrances; as, he and his property are <i>unembarrassed</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Free from perplexing connection; as, the
question comes into court <i>unembarrassed</i> with irrelevant
matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`em*bar"rass*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Freedom from
embarrassment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`em*bod"ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Free from a corporeal body; disembodied; as, <i>unembodied</i>
spirits.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not embodied; not collected into a body; not yet
organized; as, <i>unembodied</i> militia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`em*pir"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not
empirically; without experiment or experience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`em*ployed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not employed in manual or other labor; having no regular
work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not invested or used; as, <i>unemployed</i>
capital.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`en*cum"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>encumber</i>.] <def>To free from incumbrance; to
disencumber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*end"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>end</i> + <i>-ly</i>.] <def>Unending; endless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`en*tan"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>entangle</i>.] <def>To disentangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*e"qual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Inequal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not equal; not matched; not of the same size,
length, breadth, quantity, strength, talents, acquirements, age, station,
or the like; as, the fingers are of <i>unequal</i> length; peers and
commoners are <i>unequal</i> in rank.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ill balanced or matched; disproportioned; hence,
not equitable; partial; unjust; unfair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Against <i>unequal</i> arms to fight in pain.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Jerome, a very <i>unequal</i> relator of the opinion of his
adversaries.</blockquote> <i>John Worthington.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To punish me for what you make me do<BR>
Seems much <i>unequal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not uniform; not equable; irregular; uneven; as,
<i>unequal</i> pulsations; an <i>unequal</i> poem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not adequate or sufficient; inferior; as, the
man was <i>unequal</i> to the emergency; the timber was <i>unequal</i> to
the sudden strain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Not having the two sides or the
parts symmetrical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*e"qual*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable of
being equaled or paralleled.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*e"qualed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not equaled;
unmatched; unparalleled; unrivaled; exceeding; surpassing; -- in a good or
bad sense; as, <i>unequaled</i> excellence; <i>unequaled</i> ingratitude or
baseness.</def> [Written also <i>unequalled</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*e"qual*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an unequal
manner.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Unequally pinnate</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>pinnate, but with
an odd number of leaflets.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*e"qual*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being unequal; inequality; unevenness.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*eq"ui*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inequitable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*eq"ui*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of equity or
uprightness; injustice; wickedness; iniquity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`e*quiv"o*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not equivocal;
not doubtful; not ambiguous; evident; sincere; plain; as,
<i>unequivocal</i> evidence; <i>unequivocal</i> words.</def> --
<wf>Un`e*quiv"o*cal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`e*quiv"o*cal*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*err"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Committing no
mistake; incapable or error or failure certain; sure; unfailing; as, the
<i>unerring</i> wisdom of God.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hissing in air the <i>unerring</i> weapon flew.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*err"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an unerring
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`es*sen"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not essential; not of prime importance; not indispensable;
unimportant.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Void of essence, or real being.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`es*sen"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something not
constituting essence, or something which is not of absolute necessity; as,
forms are among the <i>unessentials</i> of religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`es*sen"tial*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an
unessential manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`es*tab"lish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>establish</i>.] <def>To disestablish.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Parliament demanded of the king to <i>unestablish</i>
that prelatical government.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*eth"</hw> (&ubreve;n*&ebreve;th"), <hw>Un*ethes"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With difficulty; scarcely. See
<u>Uneath</u>.</def> [Written also <i>unethe</i>, <i>unneth</i>,
<i>unnethe</i>, <i>unnethes</i>, etc.] [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*e"ven</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>unefen</i>. See
<u>Un-</u> not, and <u>Even</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not even; not level; not uniform; rough; as, an <i>uneven</i> road or
way; <i>uneven</i> ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not equal; not of equal length.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hebrew verse consists of <i>uneven</i> feet.</blockquote>
<i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not divisible by two without a remainder; odd; -
- said of numbers; as, 3, 7, and 11 are <i>uneven</i> numbers.</def></p>

<p><wf>Un*e"ven*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un*e"ven*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*ev"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inevitable.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*act"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not exact;
inexact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*am"pled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no example
or similar case; being without precedent; unprecedented;
unparalleled.</def> "A revolution . . . <i>unexampled</i> for grandeur of
results."  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*cep"tion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not liable
to any exception or objection; unobjectionable; faultless; good; excellent;
as, a man of most <i>unexceptionable</i> character.</def> --
<wf>Un`ex*cep"tion*a*ble*ness</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`ex*cep"tion*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1573 !></p>

<p><blockquote>Chesterfield is an <i>unexceptionable</i>
witness.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*cept"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not exceptive;
not including, admitting, or being, an exception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*cus"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inexcusable.</def> <i>Hayward.</i> -- <wf>Un`ex*cus"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*haust"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inexhaustible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*ex`pec*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence of
expectation; want of foresight.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*pect"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not expected;
coming without warning; sudden.</def> -- <wf>Un`ex*pect"ed*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un`ex*pect"ed*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*pe"di*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inexpedient.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*pen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inexpensive.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*pe"ri*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Inexperience.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*pe"ri*enced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not experienced; being without experience; inexperienced.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Untried; -- applied to things.</def>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*pe"ri*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inexperienced.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*pert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not expert;
inexpert.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*pert"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an unexpert
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*press"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inexpressible.</def> <i>Tillotson.</i> -- <wf>Un`ex*press"i*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*press"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not expressive; not having the power of utterance;
inexpressive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Incapable of being expressed; inexpressible;
unutterable; ineffable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Run, run, Orlando; carve on every tree<BR>
The fair, the chaste and <i>unexpressive</i> she.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`ex*press"ive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`ex*tin"guish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inextinguishable.</def> -- <wf>Un`ex*tin"guish*a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*ex"tri*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not extricable;
inextricable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*face"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>face</i>.] <def>To remove the face or cover from; to unmask; to
expose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*fail"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infallible.</def>
[Obs.] "This <i>unfailable</i> word of truth."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fail"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not failing; not liable
to fail; inexhaustible; certain; sure.</def> <i>Dryden.</i> --
<wf>Un*fail"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*fail"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*fair"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>fair</i>.] <def>To deprive of fairness or beauty.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fair"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>unf&aelig;ger</i>
unlovely. See <u>Un-</u> not, and <u>Fair</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<def>Not fair; not honest; not impartial; disingenuous; using or involving
trick or artifice; dishonest; unjust; unequal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You come, like an <i>unfair</i> merchant, to charge me with
being in your debt.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*fair"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv</i></pos> -- <wf>Un*fair"</wf>ness,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*faith"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence or want of
faith; faithlessness; distrust; unbelief.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Faith and <i>unfaith</i> can ne'er be equal powers:<BR>
<i>Unfaith</i> in aught is want of faith in all.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*faith"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not faithful; not observant of promises, vows, allegiance, or duty;
violating trust or confidence; treacherous; perfidious; as, an
<i>unfaithful</i> subject; an <i>unfaithful</i> agent or servant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My feet, through wine, <i>unfaithful</i> to their
weight.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His honor rooted in dishonor stood,<BR>
And faith <i>unfaithful</i> kept him falsely true.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not possessing faith; infidel.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*faith"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*faith"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*fal"ca*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not falcated, or hooked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no deductions; not curtailed, or
shortened; undiminished.</def> [R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fal"li*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infallible.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fas"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>fasten</i>.] <def>To loose; to unfix; to unbind; to untie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*fa"thered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having no father; fatherless; hence, born contrary to nature.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no acknowledged father; hence,
illegitimate; spurious; bastard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*fa"vor*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not favorable;
not propitious; adverse; contrary; discouraging.</def> --
<wf>Un*fa"vor*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*fa"vor*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*feath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>feather</i>.] <def>To deprive of feathers; to strip.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*fea"tured</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting
regular features; deformed.</def> "Visage rough, deformed,
<i>unfeatured</i>, and a skin of buff."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*feat"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Un-</i> not +
<i>feat</i>, a.] <def>Not feat; not dexterous; unskillful; clumsy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*feel"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Destitute of feeling; void of sensibility; insensible;
insensate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Without kind feelings; cruel; hard-
hearted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To each his sufferings: all are men,<BR>
Condemned alike to groan;<BR>
The tender for another's pain,<BR>
Th' <i>unfeeling</i> for his own.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*feel"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*feel"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*feigned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not feigned; not
counterfeit; not hypocritical; real; sincere; genuine; as, <i>unfeigned</i>
piety; <i>unfeigned</i> love to man.</def> "Good faith <i>unfeigned</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <wf>Un*feign"ed*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*feign"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*fel"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>fellow</i>.] <def>To prevent from being a fellow or companion; to
separate from one's fellows; to dissever.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death quite <i>unfellows</i> us.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fel"lowed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>fellowed</i>.] <def>Being without a fellow; unmatched; unmated.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fence"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>fence</i>.] <def>To strip of a fence; to remove a fence from.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*fer"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not fertile;
infertile; barren.</def> -- <wf>Un*fer"tile*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*fest"lich</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unfit for a feast;
hence, jaded; worn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fet"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>fetter</i>.] <def>To loose from fetters or from restraint; to unchain;
to unshackle; to liberate; as, to <i>unfetter</i> the mind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*feu"dal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>feudalize</i>.] <def>To free from feudal customs or character; to
make not feudal.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*file"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>file</i>.] <def>To remove from a file or record.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*filed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>filed</i>, p. p. of <i>file</i> to defile.] <def>Not defiled;
pure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fil"ial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unsuitable to a son
or a daughter; undutiful; not becoming a child.</def> --
<wf>Un*fil"ial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*fin"ished</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not finished, not
brought to an end; imperfect; incomplete; left in the rough; wanting the
last hand or touch; as, an <i>unfinished</i> house; an <i>unfinished</i>
picture; an <i>unfinished</i> iron casting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*firm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infirm.</def> [R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*firm"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Infirmness.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*fit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>fit</i>.] <def>To make unsuitable or incompetent; to deprive of the
strength, skill, or proper qualities for anything; to disable; to
incapacitate; to disqualify; as, sickness <i>unfits</i> a man for labor;
sin <i>unfits</i> us for the society of holy beings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*fit"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>fit</i>.]
<def>Not fit; unsuitable.</def> -- <wf>Un*fit"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un*fit"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*fix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>fix</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To loosen from a fastening; to detach
from anything that holds; to unsettle; as, to <i>unfix</i> a bayonet; to
<i>unfix</i> the mind or affections.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make fluid; to dissolve.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The mountain stands; nor can the rising sun<BR>
<i>Unfix</i> her frosts.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fledged"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not fledged; not
feathered; hence, not fully developed; immature.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*flesh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>flesh</i>.] <def>To deprive of flesh; to reduce a skeleton.</def>
"<i>Unfleshed</i> humanity."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*flesh"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not pertaining to
the flesh; spiritual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*flex"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inflexible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*flinch"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not flinching or
shrinking; unyielding.</def> -- <wf>Un*flinch"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*flow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>flower</i>.] <def>To strip of flowers.</def> [R.]  <i>G.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fold"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>unfealdan</i>.
See 1st <u>Un-</u>, and <u>Fold</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To open the folds of; to expand; to spread out; as,
to <i>unfold</i> a tablecloth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Unfold</i> thy forehead gathered into
frowns.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To open, as anything covered or close; to lay
open to view or contemplation; to bring out in all the details, or by
successive development; to display; to disclose; to reveal; to elucidate;
to explain; as, to <i>unfold</i> one's designs; to <i>unfold</i> the
principles of a science.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Unfold</i> the passion of my love.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To release from a fold or pen; as, to
<i>unfold</i> sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*fold"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To open; to expand; to
become disclosed or developed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wind blows cold<BR>
While the morning doth <i>unfold</i>.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fold"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, unfolds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*fold"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The acct of
unfolding, or the state of being unfolded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The extreme <i>unfoldment</i> of the instinctive
powers.</blockquote> <i>C. Morris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fool"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>fool</i>.] <def>To restore from folly, or from being a fool.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`fore*see"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>foresee</i>.] <def>To fail to foresee.</def>  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`fore*see"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being foreseen.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fore"skinned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>foreskin + -ed</i>.] <def>Deprived of the foreskin; circumcised.</def>
[R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`for*get"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
forgettable; enduring in memory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pungent and <i>unforgettable</i> truths.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>form</i>.] <def>To decompose, or resolve into parts; to destroy the form
of; to unmake.</def> [R.]  <i>Good.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*formed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [In sense 1 properly p. p.
of <i>un form</i>; in senses 2 and 3 pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>formed</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Decomposed, or resolved into parts; having the
form destroyed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not formed; not arranged into regular shape,
order, or relations; shapeless; amorphous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Unorganized; without definite
shape or structure; as, an <i>unformed</i>, or unorganized,
ferment.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Unformed stars</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>stars not grouped
into any constellation; informed stars. See <u>Sporades</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*for"tu*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not fortunate;
unsuccessful; not prosperous; unlucky; attended with misfortune; unhappy;
as, an <i>unfortunate</i> adventure; an <i>unfortunate</i> man; an
<i>unfortunate</i> commander; <i>unfortunate</i> business.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An unfortunate person.</def>  <i>Hood.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*for"tu*nate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*for"tu*nate*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*found"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not founded; not built or established.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no foundation; baseless; vain; idle; as,
<i>unfounded</i> expectations.</def>  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*frame"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>frame</i>.] <def>To take apart, or destroy the frame of.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fran"gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Infrangible.</def> [Obs.] "Impassible and <i>unfrangible</i>."
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*frank"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not frankable;
incapable of being sent free by public conveyance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*fraught"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [Pref.
<i>un-</i> not + <i>fraught</i>.] <def>Not fraught; not burdened.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>fraught</i>.]
<def>Removed, as a burden; unloaded.</def>  <i>P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*free"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not free; held in
bondage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There had always been a slave class, a class of the
<i>unfree</i>, among the English as among all German peoples.</blockquote>
<i>J. R. Green</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*freeze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>freeze</i>.] <def>To thaw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*fre"quen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Infrequency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*fre"quent</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not
+ <i>frequent</i>.] <def>Infrequent.</def> <i>J. H. Newman.</i> --
<wf>Un*fre"quent*ly</wf> <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`fre*quent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>frequent</i>.] <def>To cease to frequent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They quit their thefts and <i>unfrequent</i> the
fields.</blockquote> <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`fre*quent"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>frequented</i>.] <def>Rarely visited; seldom or never resorted to by
human beings; as, an <i>unfrequented</i> place or forest.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*fret"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>fret</i>.] <def>To smooth after being fretted.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*friend"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One not a friend; an
enemy.</def> [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*friend"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting friends; not
befriended; not countenanced or supported.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If Richard indeed does come back, it must be alone,
unfollowed, <i>unfriended</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*friend"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
friendly; not kind or benevolent; hostile; as, an <i>unfriendly</i>
neighbor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not favorable; not adapted to promote or support
any object; as, weather <i>unfriendly</i> to health.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*friend"li*ness</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*friend"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being unfriendly; unfriendliness; enmity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An act of <i>unfriendship</i> to my sovereign
person.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*frock"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>frock</i>.] <def>To deprive or divest or a frock; specifically, to
deprive of priestly character or privilege; as, to <i>unfrock</i> a
priest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*fruit"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not producing fruit
or offspring; unproductive; infertile; barren; sterile; as, an
<i>unfruitful</i> tree or animal; <i>unfruitful</i> soil; an
<i>unfruitful</i> life or effort.</def> -- <wf>Un*fruit"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un*fruit"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*fumed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not exposed to fumes;
not fumigated.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*furl"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>furl</i>.] <def>To loose from a furled state; to unfold; to
expand; to open or spread; as, to <i>unfurl</i> sails; to <i>unfurl</i> a
flag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*fur"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>furnish</i>.] <def>To strip of furniture; to divest; to
strip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*fu"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infusible.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*gain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ungein</i>. See
<u>Ungainly</u>.] <def>Ungainly; clumsy; awkward; also, troublesome;
inconvenient.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i> Beau. &amp; Pl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*gain"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or quality
of being ungainly; awkwardness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*gain"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ungeinliche</i>, adv.,
fr. <i>ungein</i> inconvenient; <i>un-</i> + Icel. <i>gegn</i> ready,
serviceable; adv., against, opposite. See <u>Un-</u> not, and <u>Gain</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Again</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not gainly; not expert or dexterous; clumsy;
awkward; uncouth; as, an <i>ungainly</i> strut in walking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>ungainly</i> figure and eccentric
manners.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unsuitable; unprofitable.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*gain"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an ungainly
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*gear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>gear</i>.] <def>To strip of gear; to unharness; to throw out of
gear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*geld"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>geld</i> payment.] <i>(Anglo-Sax. Law)</i> <def>A person so far out of
the protection of the law, that if he were murdered, no geld, or fine,
should be paid, or composition made by him that killed him.</def>
<i>Cowell. Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*gen"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not generous;
illiberal; ignoble; unkind; dishonorable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The victor never will impose on Cato<BR>
<i>Ungenerous</i> terms.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*gen"er*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an ungenerous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*gen"i*tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not
+ <i>geniture</i>.] <def>Destitute of genitals; impotent.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*gen"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not gentle; lacking
good breeding or delicacy; harsh.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vicious, <i>ungentle</i>, foolish, blunt,
unkind.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>ungentle</i> flavor which distinguishes nearly all
our native and uncultivated grapes.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*gen"tle*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un*gen"tly</wf>
(#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*get"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>get</i>.] <def>To cause to be unbegotten or unborn, or as if unbegotten
or unborn.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll disown you, I 'll disinherit you, I 'll <i>unget</i>
you.</blockquote> <i>Sheridan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*gift"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without gifts,
especially native gifts or endowments.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*gird"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>gird</i>.] <def>To loose the girdle or band of; to unbind; to
unload.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>ungirded</i> his camels.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxiv.
32.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*give"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> (intensive) + <i>give</i>.] <def>To yield; to relax; to give
way.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ung"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
siamang; -- called also <i>ungka ape</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ung"ka-pu`ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The agile gibbon; -- called also <i>ungka-pati</i>, and <i>ungka-
etam</i>. See <u>Gibbon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*glaze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>glaze</i>.] <def>To strip of glass; to remove the glazing, or glass,
from, as a window.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*glo"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>glorify</i>.] <def>To deprive of glory.</def> [R.]  <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*glo"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inglorious.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*glove"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>glove</i>.] <def>To take off the glove or gloves of; as, to
<i>unglove</i> the hand.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*glue"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>glue</i>.] <def>To separate, part, or open, as anything fastened with
glue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She stretches, gapes, <i>unglues</i> her eyes,<BR>
And asks if it be time to rise.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*god"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>god</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of divinity; to
undeify.</def> [R.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to recognize no god; to deprive of a
god; to make atheistical.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*god"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
godly; not having regard for God; disobedient to God; wicked; impious;
sinful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Polluted by sin or wickedness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hours of this <i>ungodly</i> day.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*god"li*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*god"li*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1574 !></p>

<p><hw>Un*gored"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>gore</i> blood.] <def>Not stained with gore; not bloodied.</def>
<i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*gored"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>gored</i>, p. p. of 3d <i>gore</i>.] <def>Not gored or
pierced.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*got"</hw> (?), <hw>Un*got"ten</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not gotten; not acquired.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not begotten.</def> [Obs. or Poetic] "His loins
yet full of <i>ungot</i> princes."  <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*gov"ern*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not governable;
not capable of being governed, ruled, or restrained; licentious; wild;
unbridled; as, <i>ungovernable</i> passions.</def> --
<wf>Un*gov"ern*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*gown"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>gown</i>.] <def>To strip of a gown; to unfrock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*gowned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [1 st
pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>gown</i>.] <def>Stripped of a gown;
unfrocked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>gowned</i>.] <def>Not
having, or not wearing, a gown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*grace"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not graceful; not
marked with ease and dignity; deficient in beauty and elegance; inelegant;
awkward; as, <i>ungraceful</i> manners; <i>ungraceful</i> speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The other oak remaining a blackened and <i>ungraceful</i>
trunk.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*grace"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*grace"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*gra"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not gracious; showing no grace or kindness; being without good will;
unfeeling.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no grace; graceless; wicked.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not well received; offensive; unpleasing;
unacceptable; not favored.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anything of grace toward the Irish rebels was as
<i>ungracious</i> at Oxford as at London.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*gra"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*gra"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*grate"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Displeasing;
ungrateful; ingrate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*grate"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not grateful; not thankful for favors; making no returns, or making
ill return for kindness, attention, etc.; ingrateful.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unpleasing; unacceptable; disagreeable; as,
harsh sounds are <i>ungrateful</i> to the ear.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*grate"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*grate"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*grave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>grave</i>.] <def>To raise or remove from the grave; to disinter; to
untomb; to exhume.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"gual</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>unguis</i> a nail,
claw, hoof.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a nail, claw, talon, or
hoof, or resembling one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a nail, claw, or hoof attached; -- said
of certain bones of the feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*guard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>guard</i>.] <def>To deprive of a guard; to leave unprotected.</def> [R.]
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"gue*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ongu&eacute;al</i>. See <u>Ungual</u>.] <def>Ungual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"guent</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>unguentum</i>,
from <i>unguere</i>, <i>ungere</i>, to anoint: cf. F. <i>onguent</i>. See
<u>Ointment</u>, and cf. <u>Unction</u>, <u>Unctuous</u>.] <def>A lubricant
or salve for sores, burns, or the like; an ointment.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>&fist; An <i>unguent</i> is stiffer than a <i>liniment</i>, but softer
than a <i>cerate</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Un"guen*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>unguentarius</i>.] <def>Like an unguent, or partaking of its
qualities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*guen"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unguentary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*guest"like</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a manner not
becoming to a guest.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"guic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>unguis</i> a nail
or claw.  Cf. <u>Ungual</u>.] <def>Ungual.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*guic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>unguiculus</i>,
dim. of <i>unguis</i> a nail.] <def>Of or pertaining to a claw or a nail;
ungual.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Un*guic`u*la"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>unguiculus</i> a finger nail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive
division of Mammalia including those having claws or nails, as
distinguished from the hoofed animals (<i>Ungulata</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*guic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Unguiculata.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*guic"u*late</hw>, <hw>Un*guic"u*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Furnished with nails, claws,
or hooks; clawed. See the Note under <u>Nail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Furnished with a claw, or a narrow
stalklike base, as the petals of a carnation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*guif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>unguis</i> nail
or claw + <i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Producing, having, or supporting nails or
claws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"gui*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>unguis</i> a nail
or claw + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form of a claw or claws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"gui*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>unguinosus</i>,
fr. <i>unguen</i>, <i>-inis</i>, fat, ointment.] <def>Consisting of, or
resembling, fat or oil; oily; unctuous; oleaginous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Un"guis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ungues</b></plw> (#). [L., nail, claw, or hoof.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The nail, claw, talon, or hoof of a finger, toe, or other
appendage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the terminal hooks on
the foot of an insect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The slender base of a petal in
some flowers; a claw; called also <i>ungula</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Un"gu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ungul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a claw, hoof, from <i>unguis</i> a
nail, claw, hoof.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hoof, claw, or
talon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A section or part of a cylinder,
cone, or other solid of revolution, cut off by a plane oblique to the base;
-- so called from its resemblance to the hoof of a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Unguis</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spherical ungula</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a part of a
sphere bounded by two planes intersecting in a diameter and by a line of
the surface of the sphere.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un"gu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a hoof, claw, or talon; ungual.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Un`gu*la"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>ungula</i> hoof.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive group of mammals
including all those that have hoofs. It comprises the Artiodactyla and
Perissodactyla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"gu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ungulatus</i>. See
<u>Ungula</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shaped like a hoof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Furnished with hoofs. See
the Note under <u>Nail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"gu*late</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
hoofed quadruped; one of the Ungulata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"guled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ungula</i> a claw.]
<i>(Her.)</i> <def>Hoofed, or bearing hoofs; -- used only when these are of
a tincture different from the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"gu*li*grade</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ungula</i> hoof
+ <i>gradi</i> to walk.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having, or walking on,
hoofs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"gu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ungula</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Ungulate</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*hair"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>hair</i>.] <def>To deprive of hair, or of hairs; as, to <i>unhair</i>
hides for leather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll <i>unhair</i> thy head.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>hallow</i>.] <def>To profane; to desecrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The vanity <i>unhallows</i> the virtue.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hal"lowed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>hallowed</i>.] <def>Not consecrated; hence, profane; unholy; impious;
wicked.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the cause of truth, no <i>unhallowed</i> violence . . .
is either necessary or admissible.</blockquote> <i>E. D. Griffin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hand"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>hand</i>.] <def>To loose from the hand; to let go.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hold off! <i>unhand</i> me, gray beard loon!<BR>
Eftsoons his hand dropped he.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hand"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not handsome; not beautiful; ungraceful; not comely or pleasing;
plain; homely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Were she other than she is, she were
<i>unhandsome</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not admit that there is anything <i>unhandsome</i> or
irregular . . . in the globe.</blockquote> <i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting noble or amiable qualities;
dishonorable; illiberal; low; disingenuous; mean; indecorous; as,
<i>unhandsome</i> conduct, treatment, or imputations.</def>
"<i>Unhandsome</i> pleasures."  <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unhandy; clumsy; awkward; inconvenient.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The ships were unwieldy and <i>unhandsome</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A narrow, straight path by the water's side, very
<i>unhandsome</i> for an army to pass that way, though they found not a man
to keep the passage.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*hand"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*hand"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*hand"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Clumsy; awkward; as,
an <i>Unhandy</i> man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*hang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>hang</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divest or strip of hangings; to remove the
hangings, as a room.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove (something hanging or swinging) from
that which supports it; as, to <i>unhang</i> a gate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*hap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ill luck;
misfortune.</def> [Obs.] "The cause of her <i>unhap</i>."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hap"pied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made unhappy.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hap"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
happy or fortunate; unfortunate; unlucky; as, affairs have taken an
<i>unhappy</i> turn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a degree miserable or wretched; not happy;
sad; sorrowful; as, children render their parents <i>unhappy</i> by
misconduct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Marked by infelicity; evil; calamitous; as, an
<i>unhappy</i> day.</def> "The <i>unhappy</i> morn."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Mischievous; wanton; wicked.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*hap"pi*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*hap"pi*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*har"bor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>harbor</i>.] <def>To drive from harbor or shelter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*har"bored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>harbored</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having no harbor or shelter;
unprotected.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affording no harbor or shelter.</def>
"<i>Unharbored</i> heaths." [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`har*mo"ni*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inharmonious;
unsymmetrical; also, unmusical; discordant.</def> <i>Swift.</i> --
<wf>Un`har*mo"ni*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*har"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>harness</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strip of harness; to loose
from harness or gear; as, to <i>unharness</i> horses or oxen.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disarm; to divest of armor.</def>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hasp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>hasp</i>.] <def>To unloose the hasp of; to unclose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*hat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>hat</i>.] <def>To take off the hat of; to remove one's hat,
especially as a mark of respect.</def>  <i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*head"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>head</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take out the head of; as, to <i>unhead</i> a
cask.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To decapitate; to behead.</def> [Obs.]  <i>T.
Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*heal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>heal</i> health.] <def>Misfortune; calamity; sickness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*heal"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To uncover. See
<u>Unhele</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un"health</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unsoundness;
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*heard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
heard; not perceived by the ear; as, words <i>unheard</i> by those
present.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not granted an audience or a hearing; not
allowed to speak; not having made a defense, or stated one's side of a
question; disregarded; unheeded; as, to condem&?; a man
<i>unheard</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What pangs I feel, unpitied and <i>unheard</i>!</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not known to fame; not illustrious or
celebrated; obscure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor was his name <i>unheard</i> or unadored.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Unheard of</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Not heard of; of
which there are no tidings.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Unknown to fame;
obscure.</cd>  <i>Glanvill.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Un*heard"-of</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>New; unprecedented;
unparalleled.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*heart"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>heart</i>.] <def>To cause to lose heart; to dishearten.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*heed"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incautious;
precipitate; heedless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*heired"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of an
heir.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To leave him utterly <i>unheired</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hele"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Unheal</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*hele"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>unhelian</i>. See 1st
<u>Un-</u>, and <u>Hele</u> to cover.] <def>To uncover.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser. Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*helm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>helm</i>.] <def>To deprive of the helm or helmet.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*helmed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Properly p. p. of <i>unhelm</i>.] <def>Divested or deprived of the helm or
helmet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>helm</i>.] <def>Not
wearing a helmet; without a helmet.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hel"met</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>helmet</i>.] <def>To deprive of the helmet.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hide"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>hide</i>.] <def>To bring out from concealment; to discover.</def> [Obs.]
<i>P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hinge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>hinge</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take from the hinges; as, to <i>unhinge</i> a
door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To displace; to unfix by violence.</def>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To render unstable or wavering; to unsettle; as,
to <i>unhinge</i> one's mind or opinions; to <i>unhinge</i> the
nerves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should I then <i>unhinge</i> my brains, ruin my
mind?</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His sufferings, nay the revolutions of his fate, had not in
the least <i>unhinged</i> his mind.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hinge"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act unhinging,
or the state of being unhinged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*hitch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>hitch</i>.] <def>To free from being hitched, or as if from being
hitched; to unfasten; to loose; as, to <i>unhitch</i> a horse, or a
trace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*hive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>hive</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive or remove from a hive.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of habitation or shelter, as a
crowd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*hoard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>hoard</i>.] <def>To take or steal from a hoard; to pilfer.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hold"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>hold</i>.] <def>To cease to hold; to unhand; to release.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ho"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not holy; unhallowed;
not consecrated; hence, profane; wicked; impious.</def> --
<wf>Un*ho"li*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un*ho"li*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*hon"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dishonest;
dishonorable.</def> <i>Ascham.</i> -- <wf>Un*hon"est*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hood"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>hood</i>.] <def>To remove a hood or disguise from.</def>  <i>Quarterly
Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hook"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>hook</i>.] <def>To loose from a hook; to undo or open by loosening or
unfastening the hooks of; as, to <i>unhook</i> a fish; to <i>unhook</i> a
dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*hoop"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>hoop</i>.] <def>To strip or deprive of hoops; to take away the hoops
of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*hoped"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not hoped or
expected.</def> "With <i>unhoped</i> success."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Blessings of friends, which to my door<BR>
Unasked, <i>unhoped</i>, have come.</blockquote> <i>J. N. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hoped"-for</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unhoped;
unexpected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*horse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>horse</i>.] <def>To throw from a horse; to cause to dismount; also, to
take a horse or horses from; as, to <i>unhorse</i> a rider; to
<i>unhorse</i> a carriage.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hosed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without
hose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*hos"pi*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inhospitable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*house"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>house</i>.] <def>To drive from a house or habitation; to dislodge;
hence, to deprive of shelter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*housed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Properly p. p. of <i>unhouse</i>.] <def>Driven from a house; deprived of
shelter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>housed</i>.] <def>Not provided
with a house or shelter; houseless; homeless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*hou"seled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having received
the sacrament.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>unhouselled</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To die like the houseless dog on yonder common, unshriven
and <i>unhouseled</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*hu"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not human;
inhuman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*hu"man*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1 st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>humanize</i>.] <def>To render inhuman or barbarous.</def>  <i>J.
Barlow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*husked"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [Pref.
<i>un-</i> not + <i>husked</i>.] <def>Not husked; having the husk on.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [1 st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>husk</i>, n.] <def>Having
the husk removed; without husk.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ni-</hw> (?). [L. <i>unus</i> one. See <u>One</u>.] <def>A prefix
signifying <i>one</i>, <i>once</i>; as in <i>uni</i>axial,
<i>uni</i>cellular.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>U"ni*at</hw> (?), <hw>U"ni*ate</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A member of the Greek Church, who nevertheless
acknowledges the supremacy of the Pope of Rome; one of the United Greeks.
Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ax"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni</i> +
<i>axal</i>.] <def>Uniaxial.</def> -- <wf>U`ni*ax"al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ax"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni</i> +
<i>axial</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>Having but one
optic axis, or line of no double refraction.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In <i>uniaxial</i> crystals, the optic axis has the direction of
the vertical crystallographic axis. All tetragonal and hexagonal crystals
are <i>uniaxial</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having only one axis; developing
along a single line or plane; -- opposed to <i>multiaxial</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ax"i*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a uniaxial
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>branchiate</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having but one gill, as
certain molluscs.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1575 !></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*cam"e*ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> + L.
<i>camera</i> vault.] <def>Having, or consisting of, a single chamber; --
said of a legislative assembly.</def> [R.]  <i>F. Lieber.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*cap"su*lar</hw> (?). [<i>Uni-</i> + <i>capsular</i>: cf. F.
<i>unicapsulaire</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having but one capsule to each
flower.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*car"i*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>carinated</i>.] <def>Having one ridge or keel.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*celled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>cell</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Unicellular.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*cel"lu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>cellular</i>.] <def>Having, or consisting of, but a single cell; as, a
<i>unicellular</i> organism.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*cen"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>central</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having a single center of
growth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Unicentral development</b></col>, <cd>that form of development
which takes place primarily around a single central point, as in the lowest
of unicellular organisms.</cd></p>

<p><hw>U*nic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>unicus</i> single.
See <u>Unique</u>.] <def>The condition of being united; quality of the
unique; unification.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not unity, but what the schoolmen call
<i>unicity</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>unicity</i> we strive not to express, for that is
impossible, but to designate by the nearest analogy.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*cli"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> + Gr. &?;
to incline.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>See <u>Nonoclinal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*col"or*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>color</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the surface of a uniform
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*corn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>unicorne</i>, F.
<i>unicorne</i>, L. <i>unicornis</i> one-horned, having a single horn;
<i>unus</i> one + <i>cornu</i> a horn; cf. L. <i>unicornuus</i> a unicorn.
See <u>One</u>, and <u>Horn</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fabulous animal
with one horn; the monoceros; -- often represented in heraldry as a
supporter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A two-horned animal of some unknown kind, so
called in the Authorized Version of the Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Canst thou bind the <i>unicorn</i> with his band in the
furrow?</blockquote> <i>Job xxxix. 10.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The unicorn mentioned in the Scripture was probably the urus. See
the Note under <u>Reem</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
large beetle having a hornlike prominence on the head or prothorax.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The larva of a unicorn moth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The kamichi; -- called also
<i>unicorn bird</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A howitzer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Fossil unicorn</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Fossil unicorn's
horn</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a substance formerly of great repute in
medicine; -- named from having been supposed to be the bone or the horn of
the unicorn.</cd> -- <col><b>Unicorn fish</b></col>, <col><b>Unicorn
whale</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the narwhal.</cd> --
<col><b>Unicorn moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a notodontian moth
(<i>C&oelig;lodasys unicornis</i>) whose caterpillar has a prominent horn
on its back; -- called also <i>unicorn prominent</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Unicorn root</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of two North
American plants, the yellow-flowered colicroot (<i>Aletris farinosa</i>)
and the blazing star (<i>Cham&aelig;lirium luteum</i>). Both are used in
medicine.</cd> -- <col><b>Unicorn shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of marine gastropods having a prominent
spine on the lip of the shell. Most of them belong to the genera
<i>Monoceros</i> and <i>Leucozonia</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*cor"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Unicorn</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having but a single horn; -- said of certain
insects.</def> "<i>Unicornous</i> beetles."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*cos"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>costate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a single rib or strong nerve
running upward from the base; -- said of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*cur"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> + L.
<i>currere</i>, <i>cursum</i>, to run.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>That can be
passed over in a single course; -- said of a curve when the
co&ouml;rdinates of the point on the curve can be expressed as rational
algebraic functions of a single parameter &theta;.</def></p>

<p>&fist; As &theta; varies minus infinity to plus infinity, to each value
of &theta; there corresponds one, and only one, point of the curve, while
to each point on the curve there corresponds one, and only one, value of
&theta;. Straight lines, conic sections, curves of the third order with a
nodal point, curves of the fourth order with three double points, etc., are
<i>unicursal</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Un`i*de"aed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no ideas;
senseless; frivolous.</def> "<i>Unideaed</i> girls."  <i>Mrs.
Hemans.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He [Bacon] received the <i>unideaed</i> page [Villiers] into
his intimacy.</blockquote> <i>Lord Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`i*de"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not ideal; real; unimaginative.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unideaed.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`i*di*men"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>dimensional</i>.] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Having but one dimension. See
<u>Dimension</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*fa"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>facial</i>.] <def>Having but one front surface; as, some foliaceous
corals are <i>unifacial</i>, the polyp mouths being confined to one
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*nif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making one or unity;
unifying.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Unify</u>.]
<def>The act of unifying, or the state of being unified.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Unification</i> with God was the final aim of the
Neoplatonicians.</blockquote> <i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, unifies; as, a natural law is a <i>unifier</i> of
phenomena.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*fi"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> + L.
<i>filum</i> a thread.] <def>Having only one thread; involving the use of
only one thread, wire, fiber, or the like; as, <i>unifilar</i>
suspension.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Unifilar magnetometer</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>an
instrument which consists of a magnetic bar suspended at its center of
gravity by a long thread, constituting a delicate means for accurately
measuring magnetic intensities, also for determining declinations of the
magnetic needle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*fla*gel"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>flagellate</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having but one flagellum; as,
<i>uniflagellate</i> organisms.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*flo"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> + L.
<i>flos</i>, <i>floris</i>, a flower: cf. F. <i>uniflore</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing one flower only; as, a <i>uniflorous</i>
peduncle.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*fol"li*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>foliate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having only one leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*fol"li*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>foliolate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having only one leaflet, as the
leaves of the orange tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>uniformis</i>;
<i>unus</i> one + <i>forma</i> from: cf. F. <i>uniforme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having always the same form, manner, or degree;
not varying or variable; unchanging; consistent; equable; homogenous; as,
the dress of the Asiatics has been <i>uniform</i> from early ages; the
temperature is <i>uniform</i>; a stratum of <i>uniform</i> clay.</def>
<i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the same form with others; agreeing with each
other; conforming to one rule or mode; consonant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The only doubt is . . . how far churches are bound to be
<i>uniform</i> in their ceremonies.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Uniform matter</b></col>, <cd>that which is all of the same kind
and texture; homogenous matter.</cd> -- <col><b>Uniform motion</b></col>,
<cd>the motion of a body when it passes over equal spaces in equal times;
equable motion.</cd>  <i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*form</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>uniforme</i>. See
<u>Uniform</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A dress of a particular style or
fashion worn by persons in the same service or order by means of which they
have a distinctive appearance; as, the <i>uniform</i> of the artillery, of
the police, of the Freemasons, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There are many things which, a soldier will do in his plain
clothes which he scorns to do in his <i>uniform</i>.</blockquote> <i>F. W.
Robertson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In full uniform</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>wearing the whole
of the prescribed uniform, with ornaments, badges of rank, sash, side arms,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Uniform sword</b></col>, <cd>an officer's sword of the
regulation pattern prescribed for the army or navy.</cd></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*form</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
clothe with a uniform; as, to <i>uniform</i> a company of
soldiers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make conformable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*form"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uniform.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*form`ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Uniform</u>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The doctrine of uniformity in the geological history of
the earth; -- in part equivalent to <i>uniformitarianism</i>, but also
used, more broadly, as opposed to <i>catastrophism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*form`i*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, the view or doctrine that existing
causes, acting in the same manner and with essentially the same intensity
as at the present time, are sufficient to account for all geological
changes.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*form`i*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>One who accepts uniformitarianism, or the uniformitarian
doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*form`i*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The uniformitarian doctrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*form"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>uniformitas</i>: cf. F. <i>uniformit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being uniform; freedom from variation or
difference; resemblance to itself at all times; sameness of action, effect,
etc., under like conditions; even tenor; as, the <i>uniformity</i> of
design in a poem; the <i>uniformity</i> of nature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consistency; sameness; as, the <i>uniformity</i>
of a man's opinions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Similitude between the parts of a whole; as, the
<i>uniformity</i> of sides in a regular figure; beauty is said to consist
in <i>uniformity</i> with variety.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Continued or unvaried sameness or
likeness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Conformity to a pattern or rule; resemblance,
consonance, or agreement; as, the <i>uniformity</i> of different churches
in ceremonies or rites.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Act of Uniformity</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>an act of
Parliament, passed in 1661, prescribing the form of public prayers,
administration of sacraments, and other rites of the Established Church of
England. Its provisions were modified by the "Act of Uniformity Amendment
Act," of 1872.</cd></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*form`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a uniform
manner; without variation or diversity; by a regular, constant, or common
ratio of change; with even tenor; as, a temper <i>uniformly</i>
mild.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To vary uniformly</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>to vary with the
ratio of the corresponding increments constant; -- said of two dependent
quantities with regard to each other.</cd></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*from`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being uniform; uniformity.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Unified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Unifying</u> (?).] [<i>Uni-</i> + <i>-fy</i>: cf. F. <i>unifier</i>.]
<def>To cause to be one; to make into a unit; to unite; to view as
one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A comprehensive or <i>unifying</i> act of the judging
faculty.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Perception is thus a <i>unifying</i> act.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*gen"i*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>unigenitus</i>
only-begotten; <i>unus</i> one + <i>gignere</i>, <i>genitum</i>, to beget.]
<def>The state of being the only begotten.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*nig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>unigena</i>;
<i>unus</i> one + <i>genere</i>, <i>gignere</i>, to beget.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Being of one kind; being of the same genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*nij"u*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> + L.
<i>jugum</i> yoke, pair: cf. L. <i>unijugus</i> having one yoke.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having but one pair of leaflets; -- said of a pinnate
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*la"bi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>labiate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having one lip only; as, a
<i>unilabiate</i> corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*lat"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>lateral</i>: cf. F. <i>unilat&eacute;ral</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Being on one side only; affecting but one side; one-sided.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to one side; one-
sided; as, a <i>unilateral</i> raceme, in which the flowers grow only on
one side of a common axis, or are all turned to one side.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Unilateral contract</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a contract or
engagement requiring future action only by one party.</cd></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*lit"er*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>literal</i>.] <def>Consisting of one letter only; as, a
<i>uniliteral</i> word or sign.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*lo"bar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>lobar</i>.] <def>Consisting of a single lobe.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*loc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>locular</i>: cf. F. <i>uniloculaire</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having one
cell or cavity only; as, a <i>unilocular</i> capsule or shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*im"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inimitable.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`im*pair"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That can not be
impaired.</def>  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`im*peach"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
impeachable; not to be called in question; exempt from liability to
accusation; free from stain, guilt, or fault; irreproachable; blameless;
as, an <i>unimpeachable</i> reputation; <i>unimpeachable</i>
testimony.</def> <i>Burke.</i> -- <wf>Un`im*peach"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un`im*peach"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*im"pli*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
implicated.</def> "<i>Unimplicate</i> in folly."  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`im*por"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
importance; triviality.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`im*proved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not improved; not made better or wiser; not advanced in knowledge,
manners, or excellence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not used; not employed; especially, not used or
employed for a valuable purpose; as, <i>unimproved</i> opportunities;
<i>unimproved</i> blessings.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not tilled, cultivated, or built upon; yielding
no revenue; as, <i>unimproved</i> land or soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*mus"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i>
muscular.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having only one adductor muscle, and
one muscular impression on each valve, as the oyster;
monomyarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`in*cum"bered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not incumbered; not burdened.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Free from any temporary estate or
interest, or from mortgage, or other charge or debt; as, an estate
<i>unincumbered</i> with dower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`in*frin"gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may not
be infringed; as, an <i>uninfringible</i> monopoly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`in*tel"li*gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence or
lack of intelligence; unwisdom; ignorance.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*in"ter*essed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uninterested;
unaffected.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*in"ter*est*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not interested; not having any interest or property in; having nothing
at stake; as, to be <i>uninterested</i> in any business.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not having the mind or the passions engaged; as,
<i>uninterested</i> in a discourse or narration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*in`ter*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want or
failure of intermission.</def> [R.]  <i>Bp. Parker.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*nu"cle*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>nucleated</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Possessed of but a single nucleus;
as, a <i>uninucleated</i> cell.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>unio</i>
unity, union, a single large pearl. See <u>Union</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of fresh-water mussels belonging to
<i>Unio</i> and many allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*oc"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>ocular</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or seated in, one eye;
monocular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"ion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L. <i>unio</i>
oneness, union, a single large pearl, a kind of onion, fr. <i>unus</i> one.
See <u>One</u>, and cf. <u>Onion</u>, <u>Unit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of uniting or joining two or more things into one, or the
state of being united or joined; junction; coalition;
combination.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Union</i> differs from <i>connection</i>, as it implies that
the bodies are in contact, without an inter&?;ening body; whereas things
may be <i>connected</i> by the in&?;&?;&?;vention of a third body, as by a
cord or chain.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Agreement and conjunction of mind, spirit, will,
affections, or the like; harmony; concord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is united, or made one; something
formed by a combination or coalition of parts or members; a confederation;
a consolidated body; a league; as, the weavers have formed a <i>union</i>;
trades <i>unions</i> have become very numerous; the United States of
America are often called the <i>Union</i>.</def>  <i>A. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A textile fabric composed of two or more
materials, as cotton, silk, wool, etc., woven together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A large, fine pearl.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If they [pearls] be white, great, round, smooth, and weighty
. . . our dainties and delicates here at Rome . . . call them
<i>unions</i>, as a man would say "singular," and by themselves
alone.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the cup an <i>union</i> shall he throw,<BR>
Richer than that which four successive kings<BR>
In Denmark's crown have worn.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A device emblematic of union, used on a national
flag or ensign, sometimes, as in the military standard of Great Britain,
covering the whole field; sometimes, as in the flag of the United States,
and the English naval and marine flag, occupying the upper inner corner,
the rest of the flag being called the <i>fly</i>. Also, a flag having such
a device; especially, the flag of Great Britain.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>union</i> of the United States ensign is a cluster of
white stars, denoting the union of the States, and, properly, equal in
number to that of the States, displayed on a blue field; the <i>fly</i>
being composed of alternate stripes of red and white. The <i>union</i> of
the British ensign is the three crosses of St. George, St. Andrew, and St.
Patrick in combination, denoting the union of England, Scotland and
Ireland, displayed on a blue field in the national banner used on shore, on
a red, white, or blue field in naval ensigns, and with a white border or
<i>fly</i> in the merchant service.</p>

<p><! p. 1576 !></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A joint or other connection
uniting parts of machinery, or the like, as the elastic pipe of a tender
connecting it with the feed pipe of a locomotive engine; especially, a pipe
fitting for connecting pipes, or pipes and fittings, in such a way as to
facilitate disconnection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Brewing)</i> <def>A cask suspended on trunnions,
in which fermentation is carried on.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hypostatic union</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Hypostatic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Latin union</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Latin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Legislative Union</b></col> <i>(Eng.
Hist.)</i>, <cd>the union of Great Britain and Ireland, which took place
Jan. 1, 1801.</cd> -- <col><b>Union</b></col>, or <col><b>Act of
Union</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>, <cd>the act by which Scotland was
united to England, or by which the two kingdoms were incorporated into one,
in 1707.</cd> -- <col><b>Union by the first</b></col>, or
<col><b>second</b></col>, <col><b>intention</b></col>. <i>(Surg.)</i>
<cd>See <i>To heal by the first, or second, intention</i>, under
<u>Intention</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Union down</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>a signal of distress at sea made by reversing the flag, or turning its
union downward.</cd> -- <col><b>Union jack</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Jack</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 10.</cd> -- <col><b>Union
joint</b></col>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A joint formed by
means of a union.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A piece of pipe made in the
form of the letter <universbold>T</universbold>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unity; junction; connection; concord; alliance;
coalition; combination; confederacy.  -- <u>Union</u>, <u>Unity</u>.
<i>Union</i> is the act of bringing two or more things together so as to
make but one, or the state of being united into one. <i>Unity</i> is a
state of simple <i>oneness</i>, either of essence, as the <i>unity</i> of
God, or of action, feeling, etc., as <i>unity</i> of design, of affection,
etc. Thus, we may speak of effecting a <i>union</i> of interests which
shall result in a <i>unity</i> of labor and interest in securing a given
object.</p>

<p><blockquote>One kingdom, joy, and <i>union</i> without end.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Man] is to . . . beget<BR>
Like of his like, his image multiplied.<BR>
In <i>unity</i> defective; which requires<BR>
Collateral love, and dearest amity.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"ion*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The sentiment of attachment to a federal union, especially to the
federal union of the United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The principles, or the system, of combination
among workmen engaged in the same occupation or trade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"ion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who advocates or promotes union; especially a loyal supporter of a federal
union, as that of the United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A member or supporter of a trades
union.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ion*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to union or unionists; tending to promote or preserve union.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*o"vu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>ovulate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Containing but one ovule.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U*nip"a*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.  See
<u>Uniparous</u>.] <def>A woman who has borne one child.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*nip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> + L.
<i>parere</i> to bring forth.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Producing but one egg or young at a time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing but one axis of
inflorescence; -- said of the scorpioid cyme.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*ped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> + L.
<i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, foot.] <def>Having only one foot.</def>
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*per"son*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>personal</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Existing as one, and only one, person; as, a
<i>unipersonal</i> God.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Used in only one person,
especially only in the third person, as some verbs; impersonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*per"so*nal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Theol.)</i>
<def>One who believes that the Deity is unipersonal.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*niph"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> + Gr. &?;
sound.] <def>Having but one sound, as the drum.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>U*nip"li*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>plicate</i>.] <def>Having, or consisting of, but one fold.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*po"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>polar</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Having, or acting
by means of, one pole only.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having but one pole or process; -
- applied to those ganglionic nerve cells which have but one radiating
process; -- opposed to <i>multipolar</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Unipolar induction</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>induction, as
in a conducting circuit, by only one pole of a magnet.</cd> --
<col><b>Unipolar stimulation</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the
simulation sometimes produced when one electrode of an induction apparatus
is applied to a nerve; -- called also <i>unipolar induction
action</i>.</cd>  <i>Du Bois-Reymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*nique"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>unique</i>; cf. It.
<i>unico</i>; from L. <i>unicus</i>, from <i>unus</i> one. See <u>One</u>.]
<def>Being without a like or equal; unmatched; unequaled; unparalleled;
single in kind or excellence; sole.</def> -- <wf>U*nique"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>U*nique"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>U*nique"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thing without a like;
something unequaled or unparalleled.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The phenix, the <i>unique</i> pf birds.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*niq"ui*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being unique; uniqueness.</def> [R.]  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ra"di*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>radiated</i>.] <def>Having but one ray.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ra"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> + L.
<i>ramus</i> branch.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having but one branch.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*sep"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>septate</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having but one septum, or partition; --
said of two-celled fruits, such as the silicles of cruciferous
plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*se"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>serial</i>.] <def>Having only one row or series.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*se"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>seriate</i>.] <def>Having one line or series; uniserial.</def> --
<wf>U`ni*se"ri*ate*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*sex"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>sexual</i>: cf. F. <i>unisexuel</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having one sex
only, as plants which have the male and female flowers on separate
individuals, or animals in which the sexes are in separate individuals;
di&oelig;cious; -- distinguished from <i>bisexual</i>, or
<i>hermaphrodite</i>. See <u>Di&oelig;cious</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*sil"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>silicate</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A salt of orthosilicic acid,
H<sub>4</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>; -- so called because the ratio of the oxygen
atoms united to the basic metals and silicon respectively is 1:1; for
example, Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> or 2MgO.SiO<sub>2</sub>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*son</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>unisonus</i>
having the same sound; L. <i>unus</i> one + <i>sonus</i> a sound: cf. F.
<i>unisson</i>, It. <i>unisono</i>. See <u>One</u>, and <u>Sound</u> a
noise.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Harmony; agreement; concord;
union.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Identity in pitch; coincidence of
sounds proceeding from an equality in the number of vibrations made in a
given time by two or more sonorous bodies. Parts played or sung in octaves
are also said to be in <i>unison</i>, or in octaves.</def></p>

<p>&fist; If two cords of the same substance have equal length, thickness,
and tension, they are said to be in <i>unison</i>, and their sounds will be
in <i>unison</i>. Sounds of very different qualities and force may be in
<i>unison</i>, as the sound of a bell may be in <i>unison</i> with a sound
of a flute. <i>Unison</i>, then, consists in identity of pitch alone,
irrespective of quality of sound, or timbre, whether of instruments or of
human voices. A piece or passage is said to be sung or played in
<i>unison</i> when all the voices or instruments perform the same part, in
which sense <i>unison</i> is contradistinguished from <i>harmony</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A single, unvaried.</def> [R.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>In unison</b></col>, <cd>in agreement; agreeing in tone; in
concord.</cd></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*son</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>unisono</i>. See <u>Unison</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Sounding alone.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[sounds] intermixed with voice,<BR>
Choral or <i>unison</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Sounded alike in pitch; unisonant;
unisonous; as, <i>unison</i> passages, in which two or more parts unite in
coincident sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*nis"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in unison;
unisonant.</def> -- <wf>U*nis"o*nal*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>U*nis"o*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Unisonant</u>.]
<def>Accordance of sounds; unison.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*nis"o*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>sonant</i>. See <u>Unison</u>.] <def>Being in unison; having the same
degree of gravity or acuteness; sounded alike in pitch.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*nis"o*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Unison</u>.]
<def>Being in unison; unisonant.</def>  <i>Busby.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"nit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. from <i>unity</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A single thing or person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>The least whole number;
one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Units</i> are the integral parts of any large
number.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gold coin of the reign of James I., of the
value of twenty shillings.</def>  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any determinate amount or quantity (as of
length, time, heat, value) adopted as a standard of measurement for other
amounts or quantities of the same kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A single thing, as a magnitude or
number, regarded as an undivided whole.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Abstract unit</b></col>, <cd>the unit of numeration; one taken
in the abstract; the number represented by 1. The term is used in
distinction from <i>concrete</i>, or <i>determinate</i>, <i>unit</i>, that
is, a unit in which the kind of thing is expressed; a unit of measure or
value; as 1 foot, 1 dollar, 1 pound, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Complex
unit</b></col> <i>(Theory of Numbers)</i>, <cd>an imaginary number of the
form <i>a + b-1</i>, when <i>a<sup>2</sup> + b<sup>2</sup> = 1</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Duodecimal unit</b></col>, <cd>a unit in the scale of numbers
increasing or decreasing by twelves.</cd> -- <col><b>Fractional
unit</b></col>, <cd>the unit of a fraction; the reciprocal of the
denominator; thus, &frac14; is the <i>unit</i> of the fraction
&frac34;.</cd> -- <col><b>Integral unit</b></col>, <cd>the unit of integral
numbers, or 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Physical unit</b></col>, <cd>a value or
magnitude conventionally adopted as a unit or standard in physical
measurements. The various physical units are usually based on given units
of length, mass, and time, and on the density or other properties of some
substance, for example, water. See <u>Dyne</u>, <u>Erg</u>, <u>Farad</u>,
<u>Ohm</u>, <u>Poundal</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Unit deme</b></col>
<i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a unit of the inferior order or orders of
individuality.</cd> -- <col><b>Unit jar</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a
small, insulated Leyden jar, placed between the electrical machine and a
larger jar or battery, so as to announce, by its repeated discharges, the
amount of electricity passed into the larger jar.</cd> -- <col><b>Unit of
heat</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a determinate quantity of heat adopted
as a unit of measure; a thermal unit (see under <u>Thermal</u>). Water is
the substance generally employed, the unit being one gram or one pound, and
the temperature interval one degree of the Centigrade or Fahrenheit scale.
When referred to the gram, it is called the <i>gram degree</i>. The British
unit of heat, or thermal unit, used by engineers in England and in the
United States, is the quantity of heat necessary to raise one pound of pure
water at and near its temperature of greatest density (39.1&deg; Fahr.)
through one degree of the Fahrenheit scale.</cd> <i>Rankine.</i> --
<col><b>Unit of illumination</b></col>, <cd>the light of a sperm candle
burning 120 grains per hour. Standard gas, burning at the rate of five
cubic feet per hour, must have an illuminating power equal to that of
fourteen such candles.</cd> -- <col><b>Unit of measure</b></col><cd> (as of
length, surface, volume, dry measure, liquid measure, money, weight, time,
and the like), in general, a determinate quantity or magnitude of the kind
designated, taken as a standard of comparison for others of the same kind,
in assigning to them numerical values, as 1 foot, 1 yard, 1 mile, 1 square
foot, 1 square yard, 1 cubic foot, 1 peck, 1 bushel, 1 gallon, 1 cent, 1
ounce, 1 pound, 1 hour, and the like; more specifically, the fundamental
unit adopted in any system of weights, measures, or money, by which its
several denominations are regulated, and which is itself defined by
comparison with some known magnitude, either natural or empirical, as, in
the United States, the dollar for money, the pound avoirdupois for weight,
the yard for length, the gallon of 8.3389 pounds avoirdupois of water at
39.8&deg; Fahr. (about 231 cubic inches) for liquid measure, etc.; in Great
Britain, the pound sterling, the pound troy, the yard, or &frac1x108719;
part of the length of a second's pendulum at London, the gallon of 277.274
cubic inches, etc.; in the metric system, the meter, the liter, the gram,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Unit of power</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Horse power</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Unit of resistance</b></col>.
<i>(Elec.)</i> <cd>See <u>Resistance</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4, and
<u>Ohm</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Unit of work</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>,
<cd>the amount of work done by a unit force acting through a unit distance,
or the amount required to lift a unit weight through a unit distance
against gravitation. See <u>Erg</u>, <u>Foot Pound</u>,
<u>Kilogrammeter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Unit stress</b></col> <i>(Mech.
Physics)</i>, <cd>stress per unit of area; intensity of stress. It is
expressed in ounces, pounds, tons, etc., per square inch, square foot, or
square yard, etc., or in atmospheres, or inches of mercury or water, or the
like.</cd></p>

<p><hw>U*nit"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of union by
growth or otherwise.</def>  <i>Owen.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>unitaire</i>, <i>unitairien</i>, NL. <i>unitarius</i>. See
<u>Unity</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One who denies the
doctrine of the Trinity, believing that God exists only in one person; a
unipersonalist; also, one of a denomination of Christians holding this
belief.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who rejects the principle of
dualism.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A monotheist.</def> [R.]  <i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Unitarians, or their doctrines.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>unitairianisme</i>.] <def>The doctrines of Unitarians.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ta"ri*an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Unitarianized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Unitarianizing</u> (?).] <def>To change or turn to
Unitarian views.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"nit*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to a unit or units; relating to unity; as, the <i>unitary</i>
method in arithmetic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of a unit; not divided;
united.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Unitary theory</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the modern theory
that the molecules of all complete compounds are units, whose parts are
bound together in definite structure, with mutual and reciprocal influence
on each other, and are not mere aggregations of more or less complex
groups; -- distinguished from the <i>dualistic theory</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>U*nite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>United</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Uniting</u>.] [L. <i>unitus</i>, p. p. of <i>unire</i> to unite, from
<i>unus</i> one. See <u>One</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put together
so as to make one; to join, as two or more constituents, to form a whole;
to combine; to connect; to join; to cause to adhere; as, to <i>unite</i>
bricks by mortar; to <i>unite</i> iron bars by welding; to <i>unite</i> two
armies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to join by a legal or moral bond, as
families by marriage, nations by treaty, men by opinions; to join in
interest, affection, fellowship, or the like; to cause to agree; to
harmonize; to associate; to attach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Under his great vicegerent reign abide,<BR>
<i>United</i> as one individual soul.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king proposed nothing more than to <i>unite</i> his
kingdom in one form of worship.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To add; join; annex; attach. See <u>Add</u>.</p>

<p><hw>U*nite"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
become one; to be cemented or consolidated; to combine, as by adhesion or
mixture; to coalesce; to grow together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To join in an act; to concur; to act in concert;
as, all parties <i>united</i> in signing the petition.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*nite"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>unitus</i>, p. p. See
<u>Unite</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>United; joint; as, <i>unite</i>
consent.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*nit"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Combined; joined; made
one.</def></p>

<p><col><b>United Brethren</b></col>. <i>(Eccl.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Moravian</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>United
flowers</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>flowers which have the stamens and
pistils in the same flower.</cd> -- <col><b>The United Kingdom</b></col>,
<cd>Great Britain and Ireland; -- so named since January 1, 1801, when the
Legislative Union went into operation.</cd> -- <col><b>United
Greeks</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>those members of the Greek Church who
acknowledge the supremacy of the pope; -- called also
<i>uniats</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>U*nit"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an united
manner.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*nit"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
unites.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*nit"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not iterable;
incapable of being repeated.</def> [Obs.] "To play away an
<i>uniterable</i> life."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>unitio</i>, from L.
<i>unire</i>. See <u>Unite</u>,<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>The act of
uniting, or the state of being united; junction.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>unitivus</i>: cf.
F. <i>unitif</i>.] <def>Having the power of uniting; causing, or tending to
produce, union.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*tive*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a unitive
manner.</def>  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"nit*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Unitized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Unitizing</u> (?).] <def>To reduce to a unit, or one whole; to form into
a unit; to unify.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unity.</def> [R.]
<i>H. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Unities</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>unite</i>, F. <i>unit&eacute;</i>,
L. <i>unitas</i>, from <i>unus</i> one. See <u>One</u>, and cf.
<u>Unit</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being one;
oneness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever we can consider as one thing suggests to the
understanding the idea of <i>unity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locks.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Unity</i> is affirmed of a simple substance or indivisible
monad, or of several particles or parts so intimately and closely united as
to constitute a separate body or thing. See the Synonyms under
<u>Union</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Concord; harmony; conjunction; agreement;
uniformity; as, a <i>unity</i> of proofs; <i>unity</i> of
doctrine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to
dwell together in <i>unity</i>!</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxxiii. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Any definite quantity, or
aggregate of quantities or magnitudes taken as one, or for which 1 is made
to stand in calculation; thus, in a table of natural sines, the radius of
the circle is regarded as <i>unity</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The number 1, when it is not applied to any particular thing, is
generally called <i>unity</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Poetry &amp; Rhet.)</i> <def>In dramatic composition,
one of the principles by which a uniform tenor of story and propriety of
representation are preserved; conformity in a composition to these; in
oratory, discourse, etc., the due subordination and reference of every part
to the development of the leading idea or the eastablishment of the main
proposition.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the Greek drama, the three unities required were those of
<i>action</i>, of <i>time</i>, and of <i>place</i>; that is, that there
should be but one main plot; that the time supposed should not exceed
twenty-four hours; and that the place of the action before the spectators
should be one and the same throughout the piece.</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts &amp; Mus.)</i> <def>Such a combination of
parts as to constitute a whole, or a kind of symmetry of style and
character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The peculiar characteristics of an
estate held by several in joint tenancy.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The properties of it are derived from its <i>unity</i>, which is
fourfold; unity of <i>interest</i>, unity of <i>title</i>, unity of
<i>time</i>, and unity of <i>possession</i>; in other words, joint tenants
have one and the same interest, accruing by one and the same conveyance,
commencing at the same time, and held by one and the same undivided
possession. <i>Unity of possession</i> is also a joint possession of two
rights in the same thing by several titles, as when a man, having a lease
of land, afterward buys the fee simple, or, having an easement in the land
of another, buys the servient estate.</p>

<p><! p. 1577 !></p>

<p><col><b>At unity</b></col>, <cd>at one.</cd> -- <col><b>Unity of
type</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Type</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Union; oneness; junction; concord; harmony. See
<u>Union</u>.</p>

<p><hw>U*niv"a*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The
quality or state of being univalent.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*niv"a*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> + L.
<i>valens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr.  See <u>Valence</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Having a valence of one; capable of combining with, or of being
substituted for, one atom of hydrogen; monovalent; -- said of certain atoms
and radicals.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*valve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Uni-</i> +
<i>valve</i>: cf. F. <i>univalve</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A shell
consisting of one valve only; a mollusk whose shell is composed of a single
piece, as the snails and conchs.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Most univalves are spiral and are the shells of gastropods, but
many belong to cephalopods and pteropods. A large number of univalves
belonging to the gastropods are conical, cup-shaped, or shieldlike, as the
limpets.</p>

<p>{ <hw>U"ni*valve</hw> (?), <hw>U"ni*valved</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>univalve</i>.] <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having one valve; as, a <i>univalve</i> shell or pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U`ni*val"vi*a</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Gastropoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*val"vu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot. &
Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Univalve</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>universalis</i>:
cf. F. <i>universel</i>, OF. also <i>universal</i>. See <u>Universe</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the universe; extending to,
including, or affecting, the whole number, quantity, or space; unlimited;
general; all-reaching; all-pervading; as, <i>universal</i> ruin;
<i>universal</i> good; <i>universal</i> benevolence or benefice.</def>
"Anointed <i>universal</i> King."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>universal</i> cause<BR>
Acts not by partial, but by general laws.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>universal</i> frame began.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Universal</i> and its derivatives are used in common discourse
for <i>general</i> and its derivatives. See <u>General</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Constituting or considered as a whole; total;
entire; whole; as, the <i>universal</i> world.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At which the <i>universal</i> host up dent<BR>
A shout that tore Hell's concave.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Adapted or adaptable to all or to
various uses, shapes, sizes, etc.; as, a <i>universal</i> milling
machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <def>Forming the whole of a genus;
relatively unlimited in extension; affirmed or denied of the whole of a
subject; as, a <i>universal</i> proposition; -- opposed to
<i>particular</i>; e. g. (<i>universal</i> affirmative) All men are
animals; (<i>universal</i> negative) No men are omniscient.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Universal chuck</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a chuck, as for a
lathe, having jaws which can be moved simultaneously so as to grasp objects
of various sizes.</cd> -- <col><b>Universal church</b></col>, <cd>the whole
church of God in the world; the catholic church. See the Note under
<u>Catholic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Universal
coupling</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Universal joint</i>,
below.</cd> -- <col><b>Universal dial</b></col>, <cd>a dial by which the
hour may be found in any part of the world, or under any elevation of the
pole.</cd> -- <col><b>Universal instrument</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>a species of altitude and azimuth instrument, the peculiarity of which
is, that the object end of the telescope is placed at right angles to the
eye end, with a prism of total reflection at the angle, and the eye end
constitutes a portion of the horizontal axis of the instrument, having the
eyepiece at the pivot and in the center of the altitude circle, so that the
eye has convenient access to both at the same time.</cd> --
<col><b>Universal joint</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a contrivance used
for joining two shafts or parts of a machine endwise, so that the one may
give rotary motion to the other when forming an angle with it, or may move
freely in all directions with respect to the other, as by means of a cross
connecting the forked ends of the two shafts (Fig. 1). Since this joint can
not act when the angle of the shafts is less than 140&deg;, a double joint
of the same kind is sometimes used for giving rotary motion at angles less
than 140&deg; (Fig. 2).</cd> -- <col><b>Universal umbel</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a primary or general umbel; the first or largest set of
rays in a compound umbel; -- opposed to <i>partial umbel</i>. A
<i>universal involucre</i> is not unfrequently placed at the foot of a
universal umbel.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- General; all; whole; total. See <u>General</u>.</p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver"sal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
whole; the general system of the universe; the universe.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Plato calleth God the cause and original, the nature and
reason, of the <i>universal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Logic)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A general
abstract conception, so called from being universally applicable to, or
predicable of, each individual or species contained under it.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A universal proposition. See <u>Universal</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver*sa"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Universalism; Universalist.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver"sal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>universalisme</i>.] <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>The doctrine or belief that all
men will be saved, or made happy, in the future state.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver"sal*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>universaliste</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>One who believes in
Universalism; one of a denomination of Christians holding this
faith.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who affects to understand all the
particulars in statements or propositions.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver"sal*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Unversalists of their doctrines.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver`sal*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the whole; universal.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver*sal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Universalties</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>universalit&eacute;</i>.]
<def>The quality or state of being universal; unlimited extension or
application; generality; -- distinguished from <i>particularity</i>; as,
the <i>unversality</i> of a proposition; the <i>unversality</i> of sin; the
<i>unversality</i> of the Deluge.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver"sal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Universalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Universalizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>universaliser</i>.] <def>To make
universal; to generalize.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver"sal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a universal
manner; without exception; as, God's laws are <i>universally</i> binding on
his creatures.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver"sal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being universal; universality.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ni*verse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>universum</i>, from
<i>universus</i> universal; <i>unus</i> one + <i>vertere</i>,
<i>versum</i>, to turn, that is, turned into one, combined into one whole;
cf. F. <i>univers</i>. See <u>One</u>, and <u>Verse</u>.] <def>All created
things viewed as constituting one system or whole; the whole body of
things, or of phenomena; the &?; &?; of the Greeks, the <i>mundus</i> of
the Latins; the world; creation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How may I<BR>
Adore thee, Author of this <i>universe</i><BR>
And all this good to man!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Universities</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>universite</i>, L.
<i>universitas</i> all together, the whole, the universe, a number of
persons associated into one body, a society, corporation, fr.
<i>universus</i> all together, universal: cf. F. <i>universit&eacute;</i>.
See <u>Universe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The universe; the
whole.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An association, society, guild, or corporation,
esp. one capable of having and acquiring property.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>universities</i>, or corporate bodies, at Rome were
very numerous. There were corporations of bakers, farmers of the revenue,
scribes, and others.</blockquote> <i>Eng. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An institution organized and incorporated for
the purpose of imparting instruction, examining students, and otherwise
promoting education in the higher branches of literature, science, art,
etc., empowered to confer degrees in the several arts and faculties, as in
theology, law, medicine, music, etc. A university may exist without having
any college connected with it, or it may consist of but one college, or it
may comprise an assemblage of colleges established in any place, with
professors for instructing students in the sciences and other branches of
learning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The present <i>universities</i> of Europe were, originally,
the greater part of them, ecclesiastical corporations, instituted for the
education of churchmen . . . What was taught in the greater part of those
<i>universities</i> was suitable to the end of their institutions, either
theology or something that was merely preparatory to theology.</blockquote>
<i>A. Smith.</i></p>

<p>&fist; From the Roman words <i>universitas</i>, <i>collegium</i>,
<i>corpus</i>, are derived the terms <i>university</i>, <i>college</i>, and
<i>corporation</i>, of modern languages; and though these words have
obtained modified significations in modern times, so as to be indifferently
applicable to the same things, they all agree in retaining the fundamental
signification of the terms, whatever may have been added to them. There is
now no university, college, or corporation, which is not a juristical
person in the sense above explained [see def. 2, above]; wherever these
words are applied to any association of persons not stamped with this mark,
it is an abuse of terms.  <i>Eng. Cyc.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver`so*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to universology.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver*sol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
versed in universology.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver*sol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Universe</i> +
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science of the universe, and the relations which it
involves.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*niv"o*ca*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being univocal.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*niv"o*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>univocus</i>;
<i>unus</i> one + <i>vox</i>, <i>vocis</i>, a voice, word. See <u>One</u>,
and <u>Voice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having one meaning only; --
contrasted with <i>equivocal</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having unison of sound, as the octave in music.
See <u>Unison</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having always the same drift or tenor; uniform;
certain; regular.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Unequivocal; indubitable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*niv"o*cal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Aristotelian Logic)</i> <def>A generic term, or a term applicable in
the same sense to all the species it embraces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A word having but one meaning.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*niv"o*cal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a univocal
manner; in one term; in one sense; not equivocally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How is sin <i>univocally</i> distinguished into venial and
mortal, if the venial be not sin?</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*niv`o*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>univocation</i>.] <def>Agreement of name and meaning.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Whiston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*join"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>join</i>.] <def>To disjoin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*joint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>joint</i>.] <def>To disjoint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*joint"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Properly p. p. of
<i>unjoint</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disjointed; unconnected; hence,
incoherent.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>jointed</i>.] <def>Having no
joint or articulation; as, an <i>unjointed</i> stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*just"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Acting contrary to the standard of right; not animated or controlled
by justice; false; dishonest; as, an <i>unjust</i> man or judge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contrary to justice and right; prompted by a
spirit of injustice; wrongful; as, an <i>unjust</i> sentence; an
<i>unjust</i> demand; an <i>unjust</i> accusation.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*just"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un*just"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*jus"tice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of justice;
injustice.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"kard</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Unked</u>.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Un"ke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>unke</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European aquatic toad (<i>Bombinator
igneus</i>).  Its back is dark; its belly is marked with crimson. Called
also <i>feuerkr&ouml;te</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"ked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Corrupted fr. <i>uncouth</i>,
or OE. <i>unkid</i>; <i>un-</i> + p. p. of AS. <i>c&ymacr;&eth;an</i> to
make known, fr. <i>c&umacr;&eth;</i> known. See <u>Uncouth</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Odd; strange; ugly; old; uncouth.</def> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lonely; dreary; unkard.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Weston is sadly <i>unked</i> without you.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*kemmed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unkempt.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*kempt"</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not
+ <i>kempt</i>, p. p. of <i>kemb</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not combed;
disheveled; as, an urchin with <i>unkempt</i> hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.; Not smoothed; unpolished; rough.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My rhymes be rugged and <i>unkempt</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ken"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>kennel</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To drive from a kennel or hole; as, to
<i>unkennel</i> a fox.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To discover; to disclose.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*kent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Un-</i> knot +
<i>ken</i> to know.] <def>Unknown; strange.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*keth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uncouth.</def> [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*kind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Kin</u> kindred.]
<def>Having no race or kindred; childless.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*kind"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
kind; contrary to nature, or the law of kind or kindred; unnatural.</def>
[Obs.] "Such <i>unkind</i> abominations."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting in kindness, sympathy, benevolence,
gratitude, or the like; cruel; harsh; unjust; ungrateful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is <i>unkind</i> that recompenseth not; but he is most
<i>unkind</i> that forgetteth.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*kind"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un*kind"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*kind"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unkindness.</def> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*kind"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
kindly; unkind; ungracious.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unnatural; contrary to nature.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Unkindly</i> crime."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unfavorable; annoying; malignant.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*kin"dred</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not kindred; not of
the same kin.</def> [Obs.] <i>Rowe.</i> -- <wf>Un*kin"dred*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*king"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>king</i>.] <def>To cause to cease to be a king.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Shall his condescension, therefore, <i>unking</i>
him?</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*king"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
condition of being unkinged; abolition of monarchy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Unkingship</i> was proclaimed, and his majesty's statues
thrown down.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*kiss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>king</i>.] <def>To cancel or annul what was done or sealed by a kiss; to
cancel by a kiss.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let me <i>unkiss</i> the oath 'twixt thee and
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Uncle</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*knight"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>knight</i>.] <def>To deprive of knighthood.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*knit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>knit</i>.] <def>To undo or unravel what is knitted together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fie, fie! <i>unknit</i> that threatening unkind
brow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*knot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>knot</i>.] <def>To free from knots; to untie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*know"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>know</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cease to know; to lose the knowledge
of.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fail of knowing; to be ignorant of.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*know"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <i>Un-</i> not,
<u>Know</u>.] <def>Unknown.</def> [Obs.] "French of Paris was to her
<i>unknow</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*knowl"edged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not acknowledged
or recognized.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>For which bounty to us lent<BR>
Of him <i>unknowledged</i> or unsent.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*known"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not known; not
apprehended.</def> -- <wf>Un*known"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*la"bored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not produced by labor or toil.</def> "<i>Unlabored</i> harvests."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not cultivated; untitled; as, an
<i>unlabored</i> field.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not laboriously produced, or not evincing labor;
as, an <i>unlabored</i> style or work.</def>  <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*lace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>lace</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To loose by undoing a lacing; as, to
<i>unlace</i> a shoe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To loose the dress of; to undress; hence, to
expose; to disgrace.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What's the matter,<BR>
That you <i>unlace</i> your reputation thus?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To loose, and take off, as a
bonnet from a sail, or to cast off, as any lacing in any part of the
rigging of a vessel.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*lade"</hw> <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>lade</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take the load from; to take out
the cargo of; as, to <i>unlade</i> a ship or a wagon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The venturous merchant . . . <BR>
Shall here <i>unlade</i> him and depart no more.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To unload; to remove, or to have removed, as a
load or a burden; to discharge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There the ship was to <i>unlade</i> her burden.</blockquote>
<i>Acts. xxi. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*laid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
laid or placed; not fixed.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not allayed; not pacified; not laid finally to
rest.</def> [R.] "Stubborn, <i>unlaid</i> ghost."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not laid out, as a corpse.</def> [R.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Unlaid paper</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Laid paper</i>, under
<u>Laid</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*land"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>land</i>.] <def>To deprive of lands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*lap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>lap</i>.] <def>To unfold.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*lash"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>lash</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To loose, as that which is lashed or tied
down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*latch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Unlatched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Unlatching</u>.] [1st <i>un-</i> + <i>latch</i>.] <def>To open or loose
by lifting the latch; as, to <i>unlatch</i> a door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*laugh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>laugh</i>.] <def>To recall, as former laughter.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]
<i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*law"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st <i>un-</i> +
<i>law</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the authority or
character of law.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put beyond protection of law; to
outlaw.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>To impose a fine upon; to
fine.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1578 !></p>

<p><hw>Un*law"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>law</i>.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any transgression
or offense against the law.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A fine imposed
as a penalty for violation of the law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*lawed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>lawed</i>, p. p. of <i>lawe</i>.] <def>Not having the claws and balls of
the forefeet cut off; -- said of dogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*law"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not lawful; contrary
to law.</def> -- <wf>Un*law"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*law"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Unlawful assembly</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Assembly</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*law"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not according to
law; being or done in violation of law; unlawful.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>lay</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To untwist; as, to <i>unlay</i> a
rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*learn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>learn</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To forget, as what has been learned; to lose
from memory; also, to learn the contrary of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had learned nothing right; I had to <i>unlearn</i>
everything.</blockquote> <i>Milner.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fail to learn.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*learn"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>learned</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not learned; untaught; uneducated;
ignorant; illiterate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not gained by study; not known.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not exhibiting learning; as, <i>unlearned</i>
verses.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*learn"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*learn"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*leash"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>leash</i>.] <def>To free from a leash, or as from a leash; to let go; to
release; as, to <i>unleash</i> dogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*leav"ened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not leavened;
containing no leaven; as, <i>unleavened</i> bread.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*less"</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> [Formerly, <i>onles</i>,
<i>onlesse</i>, <i>onlesse that</i>, that is, in less, in a less case. See
<u>On</u>, and <u>Less</u>.] <def>Upon any less condition than (the fact or
thing stated in the sentence or clause which follows); if not; supposing
that not; if it be not; were it not that; except; as, we shall fail
<i>unless</i> we are industrious.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By the omission of the verb in the dependent clause,
<i>unless</i> was frequently used prepositionally, -- a construction common
in Shakespeare and still employed colloquially.</p>

<p><blockquote>Here nothing breeds <i>unless</i> the nightly
owl.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*licked"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not licked; hence,
not properly formed; ungainly.  Cf. <i>To lick into shape</i>, under
<u>Lick</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*like"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
like; dissimilar; diverse; having no resemblance; as, the cases are
<i>unlike</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not likely; improbable; unlikely.</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><col><b>Unlike quantities</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>quantities
expressed by letters which are different or of different powers, as
<i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>c</i>, <i>a</i><sup>2</sup>, <i>a</i><sup>3</sup>,
<i>x</i><sup>n</sup>, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Unlike signs</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the signs <i>plus</i> (+) and <i>minus</i> (-
).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*like"li*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence of
likelihood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*like"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being unlikely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*like"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
likely; improbable; not to be reasonably expected; as, an <i>unlikely</i>
event; the thing you mention is very <i>unlikely</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not holding out a prospect of success; likely to
fail; unpromising; as, <i>unlikely</i> means.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not such as to inspire liking; unattractive;
disagreeable.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>unlikely</i> eld of me."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*like"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an unlikely
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*lik"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>liken</i>.] <def>To make unlike; to dissimilate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*like"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being unlike; want of resemblance; dissimilarity.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*lim"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>limber</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>To detach the limber from; as, to
<i>unlimber</i> a gun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*lim"it*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Illimitable.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*lim"it*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
limited; having no bounds; boundless; as, an <i>unlimited</i> expanse of
ocean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Undefined; indefinite; not bounded by proper
exceptions; as, <i>unlimited</i> terms.</def> "Nothing doth more prevail
than <i>unlimited</i> generalities."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Unconfined; not restrained;
unrestricted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ascribe not unto God such an <i>unlimited</i> exercise of
mercy as may destroy his justice.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Unlimited problem</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a problem which
is capable of an infinite number of solutions.</cd> -- <col><b>Unlimited
pump</b></col>, <cd>a kind of deep-well pump placed at the level of the
water, and operated from above ground.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*lim"it*ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*lim"it*ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*line"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>line</i>.] <def>To take the lining out of; hence, to empty; as, to
<i>unline</i> one's purse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*link"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>link</i>.] <def>To separate or undo, as links; to uncoil; to
unfasten.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*liq"ui*da`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not liquidated;
not exactly ascertained; not adjusted or settled.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Unliquidated damages</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>penalties or
damages not ascertained in money.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Un*liq"uored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not moistened or wet with liquor; dry.</def> "<i>Unliquored</i>
coach."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not in liquor; not intoxicated; sober.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like an <i>unliquored</i> Silenus.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*live"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>live</i>.] <def>To &?;&?;ve in a contrary manner, as a life; to live in
a manner contrary to.</def> [R.]  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*lived"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 1st pref. <u>Un-</u>,
and <u>Life</u>, <u>Live</u>.] <def>Bereft or deprived of life.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*load"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>load</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take the load from; to discharge
of a load or cargo; to disburden; as, to <i>unload</i> a ship; to
<i>unload</i> a beast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to relieve from anything
onerous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To discharge or remove, as a load or a burden;
as, to <i>unload</i> the cargo of a vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To draw the charge from; as, to <i>unload</i> a
gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To sell in large quantities, as stock; to get
rid of.</def> [Brokers' Cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*load"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform the act of
unloading anything; as, let <i>unload</i> now.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*load"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, unloads; a device for unloading, as hay from a wagon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*lo"ca*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not located or placed; not fixed in a place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not surveyed, or designated by marks, limits, or
boundaries, as appropriated to some individual, company, or corporation;
as, <i>unlocated</i> lands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*lock"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>unl&?;can</i>. See 1st <u>Un-</u>, and <u>Lock</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unfasten, as what is locked; as,
to <i>unlock</i> a door or a chest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To open, in general; to lay open; to
undo.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Unlock</i> your springs, and open all your
shades.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Lord] <i>unlock</i> the spell of sin.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*lodge"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>lodge</i>.] <def>To dislodge; to deprive of lodgment.</def>
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*look"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>look</i>.] <def>To recall or retract, as a look.</def> [R.]
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*looked"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>looked</i>.] <def>Not observed or foreseen; unexpected; -- generally
with <i>for</i>.</def> "<i>Unlooked</i> success."  <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She comes <i>unlooked</i> for, if she comes at
all.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*looked"-for</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not looked for;
unexpected; as, an <i>unlooked-for</i> event.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*loose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
(intensive) + <i>loose</i>.] <def>To make loose; to loosen; to set
free.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*loose"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become unfastened;
to lose all connection or union.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*loos"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
(intensive) + <i>loosen</i>.] <def>To loosen; to unloose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*lord"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>lord</i>.] <def>To deprive of the rank or position of a lord.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*lord"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [Properly
p. p. of <i>unlord</i>.] <def>Deprived of the rank of a lord.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>lorded</i>.] <def>Not raised
to the rank of a lord.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*love"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>love</i>.] <def>To cease to love; to hate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*love"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not lovely; not
amiable; possessing qualities that excite dislike; disagreeable;
displeasing; unpleasant.</def> -- <wf>Un*love"li*ness</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*luck"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an unlucky
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*luck"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being unlucky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*luck"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
lucky; not successful; unfortunate; ill-fated; unhappy; as, an
<i>unlucky</i> man; an <i>unlucky</i> adventure; an <i>unlucky</i> throw of
dice; an <i>unlucky</i> game.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is properly applied to incidents in which failure
results from chance or fortuity, as in games of hazard, rather than from
lack or feebleness of effort.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bringing bad luck; ill-omened;
inauspicious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Haunt me not with that <i>unlucky</i> face.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Mischievous; as, an <i>unlucky</i> wag.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*lust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Listlessness;
disinclination.</def> [Obs.] "Idleness and <i>unlust</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>lute</i>.] <def>To separate, as things cemented or luted; to take the
lute or the clay from.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*made"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [Pref.
<i>un-</i> not + <i>made</i>.] <def>Not yet made or formed; as, an
<i>unmade</i> grave.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Properly p. p. of <i>unmake</i>.] <def>Deprived of
form, character, etc.; disunited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*mag"is*trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>magistrate</i>.] <def>To divest of the office or authority of a
magistrate.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*maid"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>maiden</i>.] <def>To ravish; to deflower.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*make"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>make</i>.] <def>To destroy the form and qualities of; to deprive of
being; to uncreate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God does not make or <i>unmake</i> things to try
experiments.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*man"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>man</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the distinctive qualities of a
human being, as reason, or the like.</def> [R.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To emasculate; to deprive of virility.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of the courage and fortitude of a
man; to break or subdue the manly spirit in; to cause to despond; to
dishearten; to make womanish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let's not <i>unman</i> each other.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of men; as, to <i>unman</i> a
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*man"a*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>manacle</i>.] <def>To free from manacles.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*man"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence or lack of
manhood.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*manned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Properly p. p. of <i>unman</i>.] <def>Deprived of manly qualities;
deficient in vigor, strength, courage, etc.; weak; effeminate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>man</i> + <i>-ed</i>.]
<i>(Falconry)</i> <def>Not tamed; not made familiar with, or subject to,
man; -- also used figuratively.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hood my <i>unmanned</i> blood bating in my cheeks<BR>
With thy black mantle.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>manned</i>.] <def>Not
furnished with men; as, an <i>unmanned</i> ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*man"ner*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not mannerly; ill-
bred; rude.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Uncivilly; rudely.</def> -
- <wf>Un*man"ner*li*ness</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*man"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>mantle</i>.] <def>To divest of a mantle; to uncover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nay, she said, but I will <i>unmantle</i> you.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>marry</i>.] <def>To annul the marriage of; to divorce.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mar"tyr</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>martyr</i>.] <def>To degrade from the rank of a martyr.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mas"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>masculate</i>.] <def>To emasculate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mask"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>mask</i>.] <def>To strip of a mask or disguise; to lay open; to
expose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*mask"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To put off a mask.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mas"ter*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being mastered or subdued.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ma*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not material;
immaterial.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mean"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having no meaning or signification; as, <i>unmeaning</i>
words.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not indicating intelligence or sense; senseless;
expressionless; as, an <i>unmeaning</i> face.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There pride sits blazoned on the <i>unmeaning</i>
brow.</blockquote> <i>Trumbull.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*mean"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*mean"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*meant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not meant or intended;
unintentional.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*meas"ur*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Immeasurable.</def> <i>Swift.</i> -- <wf>Un*meas"ur*a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un*meas"ur*a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*mech"an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>mechanize</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To undo the mechanism of; to unmake; as, to
<i>unmechanize</i> a structure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mech"an*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>mechanized</i>.] <def>Not mechanized.</def>  <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*meet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not meet or fit; not
proper; unbecoming; unsuitable; -- usually followed by <i>for</i>.</def>
"<i>Unmeet</i> for a wife."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And all <i>unmeet</i> our carpet floors.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*meet"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un*meet"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*mem"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>member</i>.] <def>To deprive of membership, as in a church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*men"tion*a*bles</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The
breeches; trousers.</def> [Jocose]
</p>

<p><hw>Un*mer"chant*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i>
<def>Not merchantable; not fit for market; being of a kind, quality, or
quantity that is unsalable.</def>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mer"cied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>mercy</i>.] <def>Unmerciful; merciless.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mer"ci*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not merciful;
indisposed to mercy or grace; cruel; inhuman; merciless; unkind.</def> --
<wf>Un*mer"ci*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*mer"ci*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*mer"ci*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i>
(intensive) + <i>merciless</i>.] <def>Utterly merciless.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>mew</i> to confine.] <def>To release from confinement or
restraint.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*min"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>mingle</i>.] <def>To separate, as things mixed.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`mis*tak"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being mistaken or misunderstood; clear; plain; obvious; evident.</def> --
<wf>Un`mis*tak"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*mi"ter</hw>, <hw>Un*mi"tre</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>miter</i>.] <def>To deprive of a miter; to
depose or degrade from the rank of a bishop.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*mold"</hw>, <hw>Un*mould"</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>mold</i>.] <def>To change the form of; to reduce
from any form.</def> "<i>Unmolding</i> reason's mintage."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mon"eyed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of money;
not rich.</def> [Written also <i>unmonied</i>.]  <i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`mo*nop"o*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>monopolize</i>.] <def>To recover or release from the state of
being monopolized.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Unmonopolizing</i> the rewards of learning and
industry.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*moor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>moor</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To cause to ride with
one anchor less than before, after having been moored by two or more
anchors.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To loose from anchorage. See
<u>Moor</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Un*moor"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To weigh anchor.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mor"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no moral
perception, quality, or relation; involving no idea of morality; --
distinguished from both <i>moral</i> and <i>immoral</i>.</def> --
<wf>Un`mo*ral"i*ty</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*mor"al*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not restrained or
tutored by morality.</def>  <i>Norris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mor"rised</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not arrayed in the
dress of a morris dancer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mor"tise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>mortise</i>.] <def>To loosen, unfix, or separate, as things mortised
together.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`-Mo*sa"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not according to
Moses; unlike Moses or his works.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By this reckoning <i>Moses</i> should be most <i>un
Mosaic</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*moth"ered</hw> (?), [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>mother</i>.]
<def>Deprived of a mother; motherless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*mov"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Immovable.</def>
"Steadfast, <i>unmovable</i>."  <i>1 Cor. xv. 58. Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*mov"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Immovably.</def> [R.]
<i>J. Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*moved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not moved; fixed;
firm; unshaken; calm; apathetic.</def> -- <wf>Un*mov"ed*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*muf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>muffle</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take a covering from, as the face; to
uncover.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove the muffling of, as a drum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*mu"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Immutable.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*muz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>muzzle</i>.] <def>To loose from a muzzle; to remove a muzzle
from.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*nail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>nail</i>.] <def>To remove the nails from; to unfasten by removing
nails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*napped"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Finished without a
nap.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I did not attempt her with a threadbare name,<BR>
<i>Unnapped</i> with meritorious actions.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*nat"u*ral</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not natural;
contrary, or not conforming, to the order of nature; being without natural
traits; as, <i>unnatural</i> crimes.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Factitious</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*nat"u*ral*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*nat"u*ral*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*nat"u*ral*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
unnatural.</def> [R.]  <i>Hales.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*na"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>nature</i>.] <def>To change the nature of; to invest with a different or
contrary nature.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A right heavenly nature, indeed, as if were
<i>unnaturing</i> them, doth so bridle them [the elements].</blockquote>
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*na"ture</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>nature</i>.] <def>The contrary of nature; that which is unnatural.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So as to be rather <i>unnature</i>, after all, than
nature.</blockquote> <i>H. Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*near"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Not near; not close
to; at a distance from.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Davies (Muse's Sacrifice).</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*nec"es*sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not necessary;
not required under the circumstances; unless; needless; as,
<i>unnecessary</i> labor, care, or rigor.</def> --
<wf>Un*nec"es*sa*ri*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*nec"es*sa*ri*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1579 !></p>

<p><hw>Un`ne*ces"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being unnecessary; something unnecessary.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*neigh"bored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
neigbors.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*neigh"bor*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not neighborly;
distant; reserved; solitary; exclusive.</def> -- <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Not in a neighborly manner.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*nerv"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Enervate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*nerve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>nerve</i>.] <def>To deprive of nerve, force, or strength; to weaken; to
enfeeble; as, to <i>unnerve</i> the arm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unequal match'd, . . . <BR>
The <i>unnerved</i> father falls.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*nest</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>nest</i>.] <def>To eject from a nest; to unnestle.</def> [R.]  <i>T.
Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*nes"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>nestle</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Unnest</u>.</def> [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*nethe"</hw> (?), <hw>Un*nethes"</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With difficulty. See <u>Uneath</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*no"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ignoble.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*no"bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Ignobly.</def>  <i>J.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*nooked"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without nooks and
corners; guileless.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Unnooked</i> simplicity."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*no"ti*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>notify</i>.] <def>To retract or withdraw a notice of.</def>
<i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*num"bered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not numbered; not
counted or estimated; innumerable.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*nu"mer*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Innumerable.</def> [Obs.] "An <i>unnumerable</i> multitude."
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*nun"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>nun</i>.] <def>To remove from condition of being a nun.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many did quickly <i>unnun</i> and disfriar
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`o*be"di*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Disobedience.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`o*be"di*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Disobedient.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ob*serv"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want or neglect
of observance; inobservance.</def>  <i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`ob*tru"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not obtrusive;
not presuming; modest.</def> -- <wf>Un`ob*tru"sive*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un`ob*tru"sive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`of*fen"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inoffensive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*of"ten</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not
often.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*oil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>oil</i>.] <def>To remove the oil from.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*op"er*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing no
effect; inoperative.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`o*per"cu*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
an operculum, or cover.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*or"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>order</i>.] <def>To countermand an order for.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*or"der*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disorderly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*or"di*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disorderly;
irregular; inordinate.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Un*or"di*nate*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*or"gan*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not organized;
being without organic structure; specifically <i>(Biol.)</i>, not having
the different tissues and organs characteristic of living organisms, nor
the power of growth and development; as, the <i>unorganized</i> ferments.
See the Note under <u>Ferment</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`o*rig"i*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not originated; existing from all eternity.</def>  <i>F. W.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not yet caused to be, or to be made; as,
possible inventions still <i>unoriginated</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`o*rig"i*nate*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without
origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*os"si*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Destitute of a bony structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*owed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ownerless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not owed; as, to pay money
<i>unowed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*own"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
(sense 1) <i>owned</i> possessed, and (sense 2) <i>owned</i> granted,
acknowledged.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not owned; having no owner.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not acknowledged; not avowed.</def>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pack"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>pack</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate and remove, as things packed; to
open and remove the contents of; as, to <i>unpack</i> a trunk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To relieve of a pack or burden.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pack"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
unpacks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*pa"gan*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>paganize</i>.] <def>To cause to cease to be pagan; to divest of
pagan character.</def> [R.]  <i>Cudworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*paint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>paint</i>.] <def>To remove the paint from; to efface, as a
painting.</def>  <i>Parnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*paired</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not paired; not suited
or matched.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And minds <i>unpaired</i> had better think
alone.</blockquote> <i>Crabbe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*palped"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Destitute of a palp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*pan"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>pannel</i>.] <def>To take the saddle off; to unsaddle.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Jervas.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*par"a*dise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>paradise</i>.] <def>To deprive of happiness like that of
paradise; to render unhappy.</def> [R.]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*par"a*goned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no paragon
or equal; matchless; peerless.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Your <i>unparagoned</i> mistress is dead.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*par"al*leled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
parallel, or equal; unequaled; unmatched.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>unparalleled</i> perseverance of the armies of the
United States, under every suffering and discouragement, was little short
of a miracle.</blockquote> <i>Washington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*parched"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not
(intensive) <i>parched</i>.] <def>Dried up; withered by heat.</def> [Obs.]
"My tongue . . . <i>unparched</i>."  <i> Crashaw.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*par"ent*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no parent,
or no acknowledged parent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*par`lia*men"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
parliamentary; contrary to the practice of parliamentary bodies.</def> --
<wf>Un*par`lia*men"ta*ri*ness</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*par"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impartial.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i> -- <wf>Un*par"tial*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pass"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impassable.</def>
<i>E. A. Freeman.</i> -- <wf>Un*pass"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<pos><i>Evelyn.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*pas"sion*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not passionate;
dispassionate.</def> -- <wf>Un*pas"sion*ate*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*pas"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>pastor</i>.] <def>To cause to be no longer pastor; to deprive of
pastorship.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pathed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having a
path.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*path"wayed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pathless.</def>
[R.] "The smooth, <i>unpathwayed</i> plain."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pa"tience</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Impatience.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*pa"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impatient.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*paved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
paved; not furnished with a pavement.</def>  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Castrated.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Unpaved</i> eunuch."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>pay</i>.] <def>To undo, take back, or annul, as a payment.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*peace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence or lack of
peace.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Testament of Love.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ped"i*greed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not distinguished
by a pedigree.</def> [R.]  <i>Pollok.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*peeled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [1st
pref. <i>un-</i> (intensive) + <i>peel</i>.] <def>Thoroughly stripped;
pillaged.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>peeled</i>.] <def>Not
peeled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*peer"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
having a peer, or equal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*peered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no peer;
unequaled; unparalleled.</def> "<i>Unpeered</i> excellence."
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*peg"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>peg</i>.] <def>To remove a peg or pegs from; to unfasten; to open.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>pen</i>.] <def>To release from a pen or from confinement.</def> "If a
man <i>unpens</i> another's water."  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pen"e*tra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Impenetrable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*pen"i*tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impenitent.</def>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*peo"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>people</i>.] <def>To deprive of inhabitants; to depopulate.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`per*e"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>peregal</i>.] <def>Unequal.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*per"fect</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>perfect</i>.] <def>To mar or destroy the perfection of.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*per"fect</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>perfect</i>.] <def>Imperfect.</def> [Obs.] <i>Holland.</i> --
<wf>Un*per"fect*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] <i>Hales.</i> --
<wf>Un*per"fect*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`per*fec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
perfection; imperfection.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*per"ish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Imperishable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*per"ish*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Imperishably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`per*plex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>perplex</i>.] <def>To free from perplexity.</def> [R.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`per*sua"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of not
being persuaded; disbelief; doubt.</def> [R.]  <i>Abp. Leighton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`per*vert</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>pervert</i>.] <def>To free from perversion; to deliver from being
perverted; to reconvert.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`phi*los"o*phize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref.
<i>un-</i> + <i>philosophize</i>.] <def>To degrade from the character of a
philosopher.</def> [R.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pick</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
(intensive) + <i>pick</i>.] <def>To pick out; to undo by picking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*picked"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Properly p. p. of
<i>unpick</i>.] <def>Picked out; picked open.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>picked</i>.] <def>Not
picked.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>pin</i>.] <def>To loose from pins; to remove the pins from; to unfasten;
as, to <i>unpin</i> a frock; to <i>unpin</i> a frame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*pin"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>pinion</i>.] <def>To loose from pinions or manacles; to free from
restraint.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pit"ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not pitied.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pitiless; merciless.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pi"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Impious; wicked.</def> [Obs.] "The life of the <i>unpitous</i>."
<i>Wyclif (Prov. xv. 8).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of pity; pitiless.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*pi"tous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] --
<wf>Un*pi"tous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pi"tous*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Impiety.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pit"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of piety.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*pla"ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Implacable.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*placed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not placed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*plaid"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>plaid</i>.] <def>To deprive of a plaid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*plained"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not deplored or
bewailed; unlamented.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*plat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>plat</i>.] <def>To take out the folds or twists of, as something
previously platted; to unfold; to unwreathe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*plau"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not approving;
disapproving.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*plead"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not used as a plea; not urged; as, an <i>unpleaded</i>
excuse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not supported by pleas; undefended; as, an
<i>unpleaded</i> suit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*pleas"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not pleasant; not
amiable or agreeable; displeasing; offensive.</def> --
<wf>Un*pleas"ant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*pleas"ant*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*pleas"ant*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Unpleasantries</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Want of pleasantry.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of disagreement; a falling out.</def>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pleas"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unpleasant.</def>
[Obs.] "An <i>unpleasive</i> passion."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pleat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>pleat</i>.] <def>To remove the plaits of; to smooth.</def>  <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*plight"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>plight</i>.] <def>To unfold; to lay open; to explain.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*plumb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>plumb</i>.] <def>To deprive of lead, as of a leaden coffin.</def> [R.]
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*plume"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>plume</i>.] <def>To strip of plumes or feathers; hence, to
humiliate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*poised"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not poised or balanced.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not poised or weighed; hence, regardless of
consequences; unhesitating.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*poi"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>poison</i>.] <def>To remove or expel poison from.</def> [Obs.]
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pol"i*cied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not having civil polity, or a regular form of government.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Impolitic; imprudent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pol"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>polish</i>.] <def>To deprive of polish; to make impolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`po*lite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not polite;
impolite; rude.</def> -- <wf>Un`po*lite"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`po*lite"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*pol"i*tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impolitic;
imprudent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*polled"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not polled.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Not enumerated or registered; as, an
<i>unpolled</i> vote or voter.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not
plundered.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Unpoll'd</i> Arabian wealth."
<i>Fanshawe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pope"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>pope</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To divest of the character, office,
or authority of a pope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of a pope.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rome will never so far <i>unpope</i> herself as to part with
her pretended supremacy.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*por"tu*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Importunate;
troublesome with requests.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Golden Boke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*por"tu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
ports.</def> [Obs.] "An <i>unportuous</i> coast."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`pos*sess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>possess</i>.] <def>To be without, or to resign, possession of.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*pos`si*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Impossibility.</def> [R.] "Utter <i>unpossibility</i>."
<i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pos"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impossible.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*pow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of power;
weakness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pow"er*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not powerful;
weak.</def>  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*prac"ti*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Impracticable;
not feasible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*prac"ti*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not practical;
impractical.</def> "<i>Unpractical</i> questions."  <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I like him none the less for being
<i>unpractical</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*praise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>praise</i>.] <def>To withhold praise from; to deprive of praise.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*pray</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>pray</i>.] <def>To revoke or annul by prayer, as something previously
prayed for.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pray"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be
influenced or moved by prayers; obdurate.</def> [R.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*prayed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [With <i>for</i>.]
<def>Not prayed for.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*preach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>preach</i>.] <def>To undo or overthrow by preaching.</def> [R.]  <i>De
Foe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*prec"e*dent*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
precedent or example; not preceded by a like case; not having the authority
of prior example; novel; new; unexampled.</def> --
<wf>Un*prec"e*dent*ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`pre*dict"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>predict</i>.] <def>To retract or falsify a previous prediction.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*prej"u*diced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not prejudiced; free from undue bias or prepossession; not preoccupied
by opinion; impartial; as, an <i>unprejudiced</i> mind; an
<i>unprejudiced</i> judge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not warped or biased by prejudice; as, an
<i>unprejudiced</i> judgment.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*prej"u*diced*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>V.
Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*prel"a*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>prelate</i>.] <def>Deposed from the office of prelate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`pre*vent"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not prevented or hindered; as, <i>unprevented</i> sorrows.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not preceded by anything.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*priced"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not priced; being
without a fixed or certain value; also, priceless.</def> "Amethyst
<i>unpriced</i>."  <i>Neale (Rhythm of St. Bernard).</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*priest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>priest</i>.] <def>To deprive of priesthood; to unfrock.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*prince"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>prince</i>.] <def>To deprive of the character or authority of a prince;
to divest of principality of sovereignty.</def> [R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*prin"ci*ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>principle</i>.] <def>To destroy the moral principles of.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*prin"ci*pled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not
+ <i>principled</i>.] <def>Being without principles; especially, being
without right moral principles; also, characterized by absence of
principle.</def> -- <wf>Un*prin"ci*pled*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*pris"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>prison</i>.] <def>To take or deliver from prison.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*priz"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not prized or valued; being without value.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Invaluable; being beyond estimation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*prob"a*bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not
+ <i>probably</i>.] <def>Improbably.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*prob"a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Un-</i> + L.
<i>probabilis</i> approvable, fr. <i>probare</i> to approve.  Cf.
<u>Probable</u>.] <def>In a manner not to be approved of; improperly.</def>
[Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To diminish, by the authority of wise and knowing men,
things unjustly and <i>unprobably</i> crept in.</blockquote>
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`pro*fi"cien*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
proficiency or improvement.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*prof"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of profit;
unprofitableness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*prof"it*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Profitless.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*prom"ise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>promise</i>.] <def>To revoke or annul, as a promise.</def>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*prop"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>prop</i>.] <def>To remove a prop or props from; to deprive of
support.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*prop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not proper or
peculiar; improper.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Un*prop"er*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*pros"e*lyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>proselyte</i>.] <def>To convert or recover from the state of a
proselyte.</def>  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*prot"es*tant*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref.
<i>un-</i> + <i>protestantize</i>.] <def>To render other than Protestant;
to cause to change from Protestantism to some other form of religion; to
deprive of some Protestant feature or characteristic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The attempt to <i>unprotestantize</i> the Church of
England.</blockquote> <i>Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`pro*vide</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>provide</i>.] <def>To deprive of necessary provision; to
unfurnish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest her . . . beauty <i>unprovide</i> my mind
again.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*prov"i*dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Improvident.</def> [Obs.] "Who for thyself art so <i>unprovident</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*pru"dence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Imprudence.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><! p. 1580 !></p>

<p><hw>Un*pru"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imprudent.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`pru*den"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Imprudent.</def>
[Obs.] "The most unwise and <i>unprudential</i> act."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*puck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>pucker</i>.] <def>To smooth away the puckers or wrinkles of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*pure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not pure;
impure.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*pure"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un*pure"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*pursed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>purse</i> + <i>-ed</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Robbed of a purse, or of money.</def> [R.]
<i>Pollock.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Taken from the purse; expended.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*qual"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>quality</i>.] <def>To disqualify; to unfit.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*qual"i*tied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>quality</i>.] <def>Deprived of the usual faculties.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*queen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>queen</i>.] <def>To divest of the rank or authority of queen.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ques"tion*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not questionable; as, an <i>unquestionable</i> title.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not inviting questions or conversation.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*ques"tion*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*ques"tioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not called in question; not doubted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not interrogated; having no questions asked; not
examined or examined into.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She muttering prayers, as holy rites she meant,<BR>
Through the divided crowd <i>unquestioned</i> went.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Indisputable; not to be opposed or
impugned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their <i>unquestioned</i> pleasures must be
served.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*quick"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not quick.</def> [R.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*qui"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>quiet</i>.] <def>To disquiet.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ld. Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*qui"et</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>quiet</i>.] <def>Not quiet; restless; uneasy; agitated; disturbed.</def>
-- <wf>Un*qui"et*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*qui"et*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*qui"e*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Uneasiness;
inquietude.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*rav"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
(intensive) + <i>ravel</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To disentangle; to disengage or separate the
threads of; as, to <i>unravel</i> a stocking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to clear from complication or difficulty;
to unfold; to solve; as, to <i>unravel</i> a plot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To separate the connected or united parts of; to
throw into disorder; to confuse.</def> "Art shall be conjured for it, and
nature all <i>unraveled</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rav"el</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become unraveled, in
any sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*rav"el*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
unraveling, or the state of being unraveled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*ra"zored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not shaven.</def>
[R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*read"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
read or perused; as, an <i>unread</i> book.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not versed in literature; illiterate.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*read"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being unready.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*read"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
ready or prepared; not prompt; slow; awkward; clumsy.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor need the <i>unready</i> virgin strike her
breast.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not dressed; undressed.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*read"y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>ready</i>.] <def>To undress.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*re"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not real;
unsubstantial; fanciful; ideal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being unreal; want of reality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*re"al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>realize</i>.] <def>To make unreal; to idealize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His fancy . . . <i>unrealizes</i> everything at a
touch.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*re"al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an unreal manner;
ideally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*rea"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>reason</i>.] <def>Want of reason; unreasonableness; absurdity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Abbot of Unreason</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Abbot of Misrule</i>,
under <u>Abbot</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*rea"son</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>reason</i>.] <def>To undo, disprove, or refute by reasoning.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>unreason</i> the equity of God's
proceedings.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rea"son*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not reasonable;
irrational; immoderate; exorbitant.</def> --
<wf>Un*rea"son*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*rea"son*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*rea"soned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not supported by
reason; unreasonable.</def> "<i>Unreasoned</i> habits."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*reave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Unreeve</u>.]
<def>To unwind; to disentangle; to loose.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*reaved"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Un-</u> not, and,
for <i>-reaved</i>, cf. <u>Rive</u>, and AS. <i>re&oacute;fan</i> to
break.] <def>Not torn, split, or parted; not torn to pieces.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*buk"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not deserving
rebuke or censure; blameless.</def>  <i>1 Tim. vi. 14.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*cur"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incurable.</def>
[Obs.] "Some <i>unrecuring</i> wound."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*deemed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
redeemed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*reeve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>reeve</i>, v. t.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To withdraw, or take out, as a
rope from a block, thimble, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*ref`or*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
reformation; state of being unreformed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*gen"er*a*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being unregenerate.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un`re*gen"er*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Un`re*gen"er*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not regenerated; not renewed in heart; remaining
or being at enmity with God.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*gen`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unregeneracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*rein"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>rein</i>.] <def>To loosen the reins of; to remove restraint from.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*lent"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not relenting;
unyielding; rigid; hard; stern; cruel.</def> -- <wf>Un`re*lent"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un`re*lent"ing*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*li"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not reliable;
untrustworthy. See <u>Reliable</u>.</def> -- <wf>Un`re*li"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Alcibiades . . . was too unsteady, and (according to Mr.
Coleridge's coinage) "<i>unreliable</i>;" or perhaps, in more correct
English, too "unrelyuponable."</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*li"gious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Irreligious.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*mem"brance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of
remembrance; forgetfulness.</def>  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*mit"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not remitting;
incessant; continued; persevering; as, <i>unremitting</i> exertions.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i> -- <wf>Un`re*mit"ting*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`re*mit"ting*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*morse"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i>
not (intensive) + <i>remorseless</i>.] <def>Utterly remorseless.</def>
[Obs. &amp; R.] "<i>Unremorseless</i> death."  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*pent"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Impenitence.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`re*priev"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable of
being reprieved.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*proach"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not liable to
be reproached; irreproachable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*proved</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not reproved.</def>  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not having incurred reproof, blameless.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>unreproved</i> pleasures free.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rep"u*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Disreputable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*serve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence of reverse;
frankness; freedom of communication.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*served"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not reserved; not
kept back; not withheld in part; unrestrained.</def> --
<wf>Un`re*serv"ed*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un`re*serv"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*sist"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Nonresistance;
passive submission; irresistance.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*sist"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
resisted; unopposed.</def>  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resistless; as, <i>unresisted</i> fate.</def>
[R.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*sist"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Irresistible.</def>  <i>W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*spect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disrespect.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Unrespect</i> of her toil."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*spon"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Irresponsible.</def> <i>Fuller.</i> --
<wf>Un`re*spon"si*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*rest"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of rest or repose;
unquietness; sleeplessness; uneasiness; disquietude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is this, quoth she, the cause of your
<i>unrest</i>!</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Can calm despair and wild <i>unrest</i><BR>
Be tenants of a single breast?</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`re*straint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Freedom from
restraint; freedom; liberty; license.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*rest"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing unrest;
disquieting; as, <i>unresty</i> sorrows.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rev"e*nued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not furnished with
a revenue.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rev"er*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence or lack
of reverence; irreverence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rev"er*end</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not reverend.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Disrespectful; irreverent.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rev"er*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Irreverent.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rev"er*ent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Irreverently.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rid"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>riddle</i>.] <def>To read the riddle of; to solve or explain; as,
to <i>unriddle</i> an enigma or a mystery.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And where you can't <i>unriddle</i>, learn to
trust.</blockquote> <i>Parnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rid"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
unriddles.</def>  <i>Lovelace.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rig"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>rig</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To strip of rigging; as, to <i>unrig</i> a
ship.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*right"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>unriht</i>. See
<u>Un-</u> not, and <u>Right</u>.] <def>Not right; wrong.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*right"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrong.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nor did I you never <i>unright</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*right"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>right</i>.] <def>To cause (something right) to become wrong.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*right"eous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>unrightwise</i>, AS. <i>unrihtw&imacr;s</i>. See <u>Un-</u> not, and
<u>Righteous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not righteous; evil; wicked; sinful; as, an
<i>unrighteous</i> man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contrary to law and equity; unjust; as, an
<i>unrighteous</i> decree or sentence.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*right"eous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*right"eous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*right"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unrighteous.</def> [Obs.] <i>Wyclif.</i> -- <wf>Un*right"wise`ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*ringed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having a ring, as
in the nose.</def> "Pigs <i>unringed</i>."  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ri"ot*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from
rioting.</def> [Obs.] "A chaste, <i>unrioted</i> house."  <i>May
(Lucan).</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rip"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
(intensive) + <i>rip</i>.] <def>To rip; to cut open.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ripe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
ripe; as, <i>unripe</i> fruit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Developing too early; premature.</def>  <i>Sir
P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ripe"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being unripe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*ri"valed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no rival;
without a competitor; peerless.</def> [Spelt also <i>unrivalled</i>.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*riv"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>rivet</i>.] <def>To take out, or loose, the rivets of; as, to
<i>unrivet</i> boiler plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*robe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>robe</i>.] <def>To disrobe; to undress; to take off the
robes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*roll"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>roll</i>.] [Written also <i>unrol</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To open, as what is rolled or convolved; as, to
<i>unroll</i> cloth; to <i>unroll</i> a banner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To display; to reveal.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To remove from a roll or register, as a
name.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If I make not this cheat bring out another . . . let me be
<i>unrolled</i> and my name put in the book of virtue!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un-Ro"man*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not subjected to Roman arms or customs.</def>  <i>J. Whitaker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Not subjected to the principles
or usages of the Roman Catholic Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*roof"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>roof</i>.] <def>To strip off the roof or covering of, as a house.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*roofed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Properly p. p. of <i>unroof</i>.] <def>Stripped of a roof, or similar
covering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Broken carriages, dead horses, <i>unroofed</i> cottages, all
indicated the movements.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>roofed</i>.] <def>Not yet
roofed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*roost"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>roost</i>.] <def>To drive from the roost.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*root"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>root</i>.] <def>To tear up by the roots; to eradicate; to
uproot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*root"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be torn up by the
roots.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rude"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>rude</i>. In sense 2 <i>un-</i> is intensive.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not rude; polished.</def>  <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Excessively rude.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.] "See how the
<i>unrude</i> rascal backbites him."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ruf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>ruffle</i>.] <def>To cease from being ruffled or agitated.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ruf"fled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>ruffled</i>.] <def>Not ruffled or agitated; smooth; calm; tranquil;
quiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Calm and <i>unruffled</i> as a summer's sea.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*ru"in*ate</hw> (?), <hw>Un*ru"in*a`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not ruined or destroyed.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Unruinated</i> towers."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ruled"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
governed or controlled.</def> "<i>Unruled</i> and undirected."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not ruled or marked with lines; as,
<i>unruled</i> paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*rul"i*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unruliness.</def>
[Obs.] "Breaking forth with rude <i>unruliment</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rul"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
unruly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*rul"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Unrulier</u> (&?;), <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Unruliest</u>.] [Pref.
<i>un-</i> not + <i>rule</i>.  Cf. <u>Ruly</u>.] <def>Not submissive to
rule; disregarding restraint; disposed to violate; turbulent; ungovernable;
refractory; as, an <i>unruly</i> boy; <i>unruly</i> boy; <i>unruly</i>
conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But the tongue can no man tame; it is an <i>unruly</i> evil,
full of deadly poison.</blockquote> <i>James iii. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*rum"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>rumple</i>.] <def>To free from rumples; to spread or lay even,</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*sac"ra*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>sacrament</i>.] <def>To deprive of sacramental character or
efficacy; as, to <i>unsacrament</i> the rite of baptism.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*sad"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>uns&aelig;d</i>
unsated, insatiable. See <u>Un-</u> not, and <u>Sad</u>.] <def>Unsteady;
fickle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O, stormy people, <i>unsad</i> and ever untrue.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sad"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>sadden</i>.] <def>To relieve from sadness; to cheer.</def> [R.]
<i>Whitlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>saddle</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strip of a saddle; to take the saddle from,
as a horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw from the saddle; to unhorse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*sad"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Unsad</u>.]
<def>Infirmity; weakness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*safe"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being in peril; absence of safety; insecurity.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*saint"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>saint</i>.] <def>To deprive of saintship; to deny sanctity to.</def>
[R.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*saint"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unbecoming to a
saint.</def>  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sal"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not salable;
unmerchantable.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>That which can not be
sold.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sanc`ti*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence or
lack of sanctification.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sa`ti*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being unsatiable; insatiability.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*sa"ti*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Insatiable.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Hooker.</i> -- <wf>Un*sa"ti*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Obs.] -- <wf>Un*sa"ti*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*sa"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Insatiate.</def>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sat`is*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Dissatisfaction.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sat"u*ra`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of absorbing or dissolving to a greater degree; as, an
<i>unsaturated</i> solution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of taking up, or of
uniting with, certain other elements or compounds, without the elimination
of any side product; thus, aldehyde, ethylene, and ammonia are
<i>unsaturated</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*sat`u*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being unsaturated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*say</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>say</i>.] <def>To recant or recall, as what has been said; to refract;
to take back again; to make as if not said.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You can say and <i>unsay</i> things at
pleasure.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*scale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>scale</i>.] <def>To divest of scales; to remove scales from.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[An eagle] purging and <i>unscaling</i> her long-abused
sight at the fountain itself of heavenly radiance.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*scap"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not be escaped;
inevitable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*scep"tered</hw>, <hw>Un*scep"tred</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>sceptered</i>.] <def>Having no scepter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>scepter</i>.]
<def>Deprived of a scepter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*sci"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of science or
knowledge; ignorance.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If that any wight ween a thing to be otherwise than it is,
it is not only <i>unscience</i>, but it is deceivable opinion.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*screw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>screw</i>.] <def>To draw the screws from; to loose from screws; to
loosen or withdraw (anything, as a screw) by turning it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*scru"pu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not scrupulous;
unprincipled.</def> -- <wf>Un*scru"pu*lous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
-- <wf>Un*scru"pu*lous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*scru"ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inscrutable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*scutch"eoned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of an
escutcheon.</def> [R.]  <i>Pollock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*seal"</hw> (&ubreve;n*s&emacr;l"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st
pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>seal</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To break or remove
the seal of; to open, as what is sealed; as, to <i>unseal</i> a
letter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unable to <i>unseal</i> his lips beyond the width of a
quarter of an inch.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disclose, as a secret.</def> [Obs.]  <i>The
Coronation.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*seam</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>seam</i>.] <def>To open the seam or seams of; to rip; to cut; to cut
open.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*search"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not searchable;
inscrutable; hidden; mysterious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The counsels of God are to us
<i>unsearchable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*search"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*search"a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*sea"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>season</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make unseasoned; to deprive of
seasoning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike unseasonably; to affect disagreeably
or unfavorably.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Why do I send this rustic madrigal,<BR>
That may thy tuneful ear <i>unseason</i> quite?</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sea"son*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not seasonable;
being, done, or occurring out of the proper season; ill-timed; untimely;
too early or too late; as, he called at an <i>unseasonable</i> hour;
<i>unseasonable</i> advice; <i>unseasonable</i> frosts; <i>unseasonable</i>
food.</def> -- <wf>Un*sea"son*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*sea"son*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*sea"soned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not seasoned.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Untimely; ill-timed.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*seat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>seat</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw from one's seat; to deprive of a
seat.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, to deprive of the right to sit in
a legislative body, as for fraud in election.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1581 !></p>

<p><hw>Un*sec"ond*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not seconded; not supported, aided, or assisted; as, the motion was
<i>unseconded</i>; the attempt was <i>unseconded</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not exemplified a second time.</def> [Obs.]
"Strange and <i>unseconded</i> shapes of worms."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*se"cret</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>secret</i>.] <def>To disclose; to divulge.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*se"cret</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>secret</i>.] <def>Not secret; not close; not trusty; indiscreet.</def>
[Obs.] "We are <i>unsecret</i> to ourselves."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sec"u*lar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>secularize</i>.] <def>To cause to become not secular; to detach
from secular things; to alienate from the world.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`se*cure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Insecure.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*seel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>seel</i>.] <def>To open, as the eyes of a hawk that have been seeled;
hence, to give light to; to enlighten.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*seem"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>seem</i>.] <def>Not to seem.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*seem"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unbeseeming; not fit or
becoming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*seem"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being unseemly; unbecomingness.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*seem"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not seemly; unbecoming;
indecent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An <i>unseemly</i> outbreak of temper.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*seem"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an unseemly
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*seen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
seen or discovered.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unskilled; inexperienced.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sel"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not seldom;
frequently.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*se"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>uns&?;lig</i>. See
<u>Un-</u> not, and <u>Silly</u>.] <def>Not blessed or happy; wretched;
unfortunate.</def> [Written also <i>unsilly</i>.] [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> --
<wf>Un*se"li*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sem"i*nared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Un-</u>,
and <u>Semen</u>.] <def>Deprived of virility, or seminal energy; made a
eunuch.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*sensed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting a distinct
meaning; having no certain signification.</def> [R.]  <i>Puller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sen"si*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Insensible.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*sen"su*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>sensualize</i>.] <def>To elevate from the domain of the senses;
to purify.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sep"a*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inseparable.</def> [Obs.] "In love <i>unseparable</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*serv"ice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Neglect of duty;
idleness; indolence.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*set"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not set; not fixed or
appointed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*set"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>settle</i>.] <def>To move or loosen from a settled position or state; to
unfix; to displace; to disorder; to confuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*set"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become unsettled or
unfixed; to be disordered.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*set"tled*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being unsettled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*set"tle*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
unsettling, or state of being unsettled; disturbance.</def>  <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sev"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>seven</i>.] <def>To render other than seven; to make to be no longer
seven.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.] "To <i>unseven</i> the sacraments of the church of
Rome."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sew"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>sew</i>.] <def>To undo, as something sewn, or something inclosed by
sewing; to rip apart; to take out the stitches of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*sex"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Unsexed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Unsexing</u>.] [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>sex</i>.] <def>To deprive of
sex, or of qualities becoming to one's sex; esp., to make unfeminine in
character, manners, duties, or the like; as, to <i>unsex</i> a
woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*sex"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not sexual; not
proper or peculiar to one of the sexes.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*shac"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>shackle</i>.] <def>To loose from shackles or bonds; to set free from
restraint; to unfetter.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*shak"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable of
being shaken; firm; fixed.</def>  <i>Shak. J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*shaked"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unshaken.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*shale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>shale</i>.] <def>To strip the shale, or husk, from; to uncover.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will not <i>unshale</i> the jest before it be
ripe.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*shape</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>shape</i>.] <def>To deprive of shape, or of proper shape; to disorder;
to confound; to derange.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*shaped"</hw> (?), <hw>Un*shap"en</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>shaped</i>, <i>shapen</i>.]
<def>Not shaped; shapeless; misshapen; deformed; ugly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*sheathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>sheath</i>.] <def>To deprive of a sheath; to draw from the sheath or
scabbard, as a sword.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To unsheathe the sword</b></col>, <cd>to make war.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*shed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
parted or divided, as the hair.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not spilt, or made to flow, as blood or
tears.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*shell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>shell</i>.] <def>To strip the shell from; to take out of the shell; to
hatch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*shelve"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>shelve</i>.] <def>To remove from, or as from, a shelf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*shent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not shent; not
disgraced; blameless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sher"iff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>sheriff</i>.] <def>To depose from the office of sheriff.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*shet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To unshut.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*shift"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That may &?;ot be shifted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shiftless; helpless.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*ship"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>ship</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take out of a ship or vessel; as, to
<i>unship</i> goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To remove or detach, as any part
or implement, from its proper position or connection when in use; as, to
<i>unship</i> an oar; to <i>unship</i> capstan bars; to <i>unship</i> the
tiller.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*ship"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
unshipping, or the state of being unshipped; displacement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*shot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>shot</i>.] <def>To remove the shot from, as from a shotted gun; to
unload.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*shot"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>shot</i>.] <def>Not hit by a shot; also, not discharged or fired
off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*shout"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>shout</i>.] <def>To recall what is done by shouting.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*shroud"</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>shroud</i>.] <def>To remove the shroud from; to uncover.</def>  <i>P.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*shrubbed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
shrubs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*shut"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>shut</i>.] <def>To open, or throw open.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*shut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>shutter</i>.] <def>To open or remove the shutters of.</def>  <i>T.
Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sight"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Doing or done without
sight; not seeing or examining.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Unsight unseen</b></col>, <cd>a colloquial phrase, denoting
<i>unseeing unseen</i>, or <i>unseen</i> repeated; as, to buy a thing
<i>unsight unseen</i>, that is, without seeing it.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>For to subscribe, <i>unsight, unseen</i>,<BR>
To a new church discipline.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was a great confluence of chapmen, that resorted from
every part, with a design to purchase, which they were to do "<i>unsight
unseen</i>."</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sight"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Invisible.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*sight"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
sighted, or seen.</def>  <i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>Not aimed by means of a sight;
also, not furnished with a sight, or with a properly adjusted sight; as, to
shoot and <i>unsighted</i> rife or cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`sig*nif"i*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Insignificant.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sil"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Unsely</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`sim*plic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence of
simplicity; artfulness.</def>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>sin</i>.] <def>To deprive of sinfulness, as a sin; to make
sinless.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`sin*cere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not sincere or
pure; insincere.</def> [Obs.] <i>Dryden.</i> -- <wf>Un`sin*cere"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`sin*cer"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being unsincere or impure; insincerity.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sin"ew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>sinew</i>.] <def>To deprive of sinews or of strength.</def> [R.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sis"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>sister</i>.] <def>To separate, as sisters; to disjoin.</def> [Poetic &
R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sis"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not sisterly.</def>
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sist"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unresisting.</def>
[Obs.] "The <i>unsisting</i> postern."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sit"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not sitting well;
unbecoming.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Unsitting</i> words."  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*skill"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of skill;
ignorance; unskillfulness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*skill"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Spelt also
<i>unskilful</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not skillful; inexperienced; awkward; bungling;
as, an <i>unskillful</i> surgeon or mechanic; an <i>unskillful</i>
logician.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lacking discernment; injudicious;
ignorant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though it make the <i>unskillful</i> laugh, can not but make
the judicious grieve.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*skill"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*skill"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*slacked"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not slacked;
unslaked; as, <i>unslacked</i> lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*slaked"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not slaked;
unslacked; as, an <i>unslaked</i> thirst; <i>unslaked</i> lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*sling"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>sling</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To take off the slings of, as a yard, a
cask, or the like; to release from the slings.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sluice"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>sluice</i>.] <def>To sluice; to open the sluice or sluices of; to let
flow; to discharge.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*so`cia*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being unsociable; unsociableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*so"cia*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not sociable; not
inclined to society; averse to companionship or conversation; solitary;
reserved; as, an <i>unsociable</i> person or temper.</def> --
<wf>Un*so"cia*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*so"cia*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*sock"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>socket</i>.] <def>To loose or take from a socket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*soft"</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not soft; hard;
coarse; rough.</def> [Obs.] "Bristles of his beard <i>unsoft</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*soft"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>uns&?;fte</i>. See
<u>Un-</u> not, and <u>Soft</u>.] <def>Not softly.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Great climbers fall <i>unsoft</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sol"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>solder</i>.] <def>To separate or disunite, as what has been soldered;
hence, to divide; to sunder.</def> [Formerly written also <i>unsoder</i>.]
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sol"diered</hw> (?; 106), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not equipped
like a soldier; unsoldierlike.</def> [Obs.]  <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sol"em*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>solemnize</i>.] <def>To divest of solemnity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*so"na*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> + L.
<i>sonabilis</i> sounding, from <i>sonare</i> to sound.] <def>Incapable of
being sounded.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*son"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Un-</u> not, and
<u>Soncy</u>.] <def>Not soncy (sonsy); not fortunate.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*soot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>unsw&?;te</i>. See
<u>Un-</u> not, and <u>Sweet</u>.] <def>Not sweet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un`so*phis"ti*cate</hw> (?), <hw>Un`so*phis"ti*ca`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not sophisticated; pure; innocent;
genuine.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un`so*phis"ti*ca`ted*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*sor"rowed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not sorrowed for;
unlamented.</def>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sort"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not sorted; not classified; as, a lot of <i>unsorted</i>
goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not well selected; ill-chosen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The purpose you undertake is dangerous; the friends you
named uncertain; the time itself <i>unsorted</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*soul"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>soul</i>.] <def>To deprive of soul, spirit, or principle.</def> [R.]
<i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sound"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not sound; not whole;
not solid; defective; infirm; diseased.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*sound"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*sound"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*spar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>spar</i>.] <def>To take the spars, stakes, or bars from.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*spar"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>sparing</i>, p. pr. of <i>spare</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not sparing; not parsimonious; liberal;
profuse.</def>  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not merciful or forgiving.</def> [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*spar"ing*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*spar"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*speak"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>speak</i>.] <def>To retract, as what has been spoken; to recant; to
unsay.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*speak"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not
+ <i>speakable</i>.] <def>Not speakable; incapable of being uttered or
adequately described; inexpressible; unutterable; ineffable; as,
<i>unspeakable</i> grief or rage.</def> -- <wf>Un*speak"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye rejoice with joy <i>unspeakable</i> and full of
glory.</blockquote> <i>1 Pet. i. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*spe"cial*ized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
specialized; specifically <i>(Biol.)</i>, not adapted, or set apart, for
any particular purpose or function; as, an <i>unspecialized</i> unicellular
organism.</def>  <i>W. K. Brooks.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sped"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not performed; not
dispatched.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*spell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>spell</i>.] <def>To break the power of (a spell); to release (a person)
from the influence of a spell; to disenchant.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such practices as these, . . . <BR>
The more judicious Israelites <i>unspelled</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sphere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>sphere</i>.] <def>To remove, as a planet, from its sphere or orb.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>
<hw>Un*spike"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>spike</i>.] <def>To remove a spike from, as from the vent of a
cannon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*spilt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not spilt or wasted;
not shed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*spin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>spin</i>.] <def>To untwist, as something spun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*spir"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>spirit</i>.] <def>To dispirit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*spir"it*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref.
<i>un-</i> + <i>spiritualize</i>.] <def>To deprive of spiritually.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*spleened"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>spleen</i>.] <def>Deprived of a spleen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*spot"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not spotted; free
from spot or stain; especially, free from moral stain; unblemished;
immaculate; as, an <i>unspotted</i> reputation.</def> --
<wf>Un*spot"ted*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*squire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>squire</i>.] <def>To divest of the title or privilege of an
esquire.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sta"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Instable</u>.]
<def>Not stable; not firm, fixed, or constant; subject to change or
overthrow.</def> -- <wf>Un*sta"ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<pos><i>Chaucer.</i></pos></p>

<p><col><b>Unstable equilibrium</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Stable
equilibrium</i>, under <u>Stable</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*stack"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>stack</i>.] <def>To remove, or take away, from a stack; to remove, as
something constituting a stack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*starch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>starch</i>.] <def>To free from starch; to make limp or
pliable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*state"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>state</i>.] <def>To deprive of state or dignity.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>High-battled C&aelig;sar will <i>unstate</i> his
happiness.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*steel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>steel</i>.] <def>To disarm; to soften.</def>  <i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*step"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>step</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To remove, as a mast, from its
step.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*stick"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>stick</i>.] <def>To release, as one thing stuck to another.</def>
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*still"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>unstille</i>. See
<u>Un-</u> not, and <u>Still</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Not still;
restless.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*sting"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>sting</i>.] <def>To disarm of a sting; to remove the sting of.</def>
[R.] "Elegant dissertations on virtue and vice . . . will not
<i>unsting</i> calamity."  <i>J. M. Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*stitch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>stitch</i>.] <def>To open by picking out stitches; to take out, or undo,
the stitches of; as, to <i>unstitch</i> a seam.</def>  <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*stock"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>stock</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of a stock; to remove the stock from;
to loose from that which fixes, or holds fast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove from the stocks, as a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*stock"inged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>stocking</i>.] <def>Destitute of
stockings.</def>  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>stocking</i>.]
<def>Deprived of stockings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*stop"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>stop</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take the stopple or stopper from; as, to
<i>unstop</i> a bottle or a cask.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To free from any obstruction; to open.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*strain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>strain</i>.] <def>To relieve from a strain; to relax.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*strained"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>strain</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not strained; not cleared or
purified by straining; as, <i>unstrained</i> oil or milk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not forced; easy; natural; as, a
<i>unstrained</i> deduction or inference.</def>  <i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*strat"i*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>Not stratified; -- applied to massive rocks, as granite, porphyry,
etc., and also to deposits of loose material, as the glacial till, which
occur in masses without layers or strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*strength"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of strength;
weakness; feebleness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*stri"a*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>
<def>Nonstriated; unstriped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*string"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>string</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of a string or strings; also, to take
from a string; as, to <i>unstring</i> beads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To loosen the string or strings of; as, to
<i>unstring</i> a harp or a bow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To relax the tension of; to loosen.</def> "His
garland they <i>unstring</i>." <i>Dryden.</i> <def>Used also figuratively;
as, his nerves were <i>unstrung</i> by fear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*striped"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not striped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Without marks or striations;
nonstriated; as, <i>unstriped</i> muscle fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*stud"ied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not studied; not acquired by study; unlabored; natural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not skilled; unversed; -- followed by
<i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not spent in study.</def> [Obs.] "To cloak the
defects of their <i>unstudied</i> years."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1582 !></p>

<p><hw>Un`sub*stan"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lacking in
matter or substance; visionary; chimerical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`sub*stan"tial*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref.
<i>un-</i> + <i>substantialize</i>.] <def>To make unsubstantial.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un`sub*stan`ti*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st pref.
<i>un-</i> + <i>substantiation</i>.] <def>A divesting of
substantiality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`suc*ceed"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not able or
likely to succeed.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`suc*cess"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of success;
failure; misfortune.</def>  <i>Prof. Wilson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`suc*cess"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not successful;
not producing the desired event; not fortunate; meeting with, or resulting
in, failure; unlucky; unhappy.</def> -- <wf>Un`suc*cess"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un`suc*cess"ful*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*suf"fer*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Insufferable.</def> [Obs.] <i>Hooker.</i> --
<wf>Un*suf"fer*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*suf"fer*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Inability or
incapability of enduring, or of being endured.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un`suf*fi"cience</hw> (?), <hw>Un`suf*fi"cien*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Insufficiency.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`suf*fi"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Insufficient.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*suit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>suit</i>.] <def>Not to suit; to be unfit for.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Quarles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`sup*port"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Insupportable;
unendurable.</def> -- <wf>Un`sup*port"a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>Bp. Wilkins.</i> -- <wf>Un`sup*port"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*sured"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not made sure.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy now <i>unsured</i> assurance to the crown.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sure"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of surety;
uncertainty; insecurity; doubt.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`sur*mount"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Insurmountable.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`sus*pi"cion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being unsuspecting.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*swad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>swaddle</i>.] <def>To take a swaddle from; to unswathe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*swathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>swathe</i>.] <def>To take a swathe from; to relieve from a bandage; to
unswaddle.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sway"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not capable of
being swayed.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*swear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>swear</i>.] <def>To recant or recall, as an oath; to recall after having
sworn; to abjure.</def>  <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*swear"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To recall an
oath.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*sweat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>sweat</i>.] <def>To relieve from perspiration; to ease or cool after
exercise or toil.</def> [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*swell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>swell</i>.] <def>To sink from a swollen state; to subside.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un`sym*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wanting in symmetry, or due proportion pf parts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Not symmetrical; being without
symmetry, as the parts of a flower when similar parts are of different size
and shape, or when the parts of successive circles differ in number. See
<u>Symmetry</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Being without symmetry of
chemical structure or relation; as, an <i>unsymmetrical</i> carbon
atom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Unsymmetrical carbon atom</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>one
which is united at once to four different atoms or radicals. This condition
usually occasions physical isomerism, with the attendant action on
polarized light.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un`sym*met"ric*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not
symmetrically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*sym"pa*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Absence or lack of
sympathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*tack"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>tack</i>.] <def>To separate, as what is tacked; to disjoin; to
release.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>being <i>untacked</i> from honest cares.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*tac"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>tackle</i>.] <def>To unbitch; to unharness.</def> [Colloq.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*talked"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not talked; not
mentioned; -- often with <i>of</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*tan`gi*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Intangibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*tan"gi*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Intangible.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*tan"gi*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Intangibly.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*tan"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>tangle</i>.] <def>To loose from tangles or intricacy; to disentangle; to
resolve; as, to <i>untangle</i> thread.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Untangle</i> but this cruel chain.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*tap"pice</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>tappice</i>.] <def>to come out of concealment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*taste"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>taste</i>.] <def>To deprive of a taste for a thing.</def> [R.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*teach"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>teach</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to forget, or to lose from memory, or
to disbelieve what has been taught.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Experience will <i>unteach</i> us.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One breast laid open were a school<BR>
Which would <i>unteach</i> mankind the lust to shine or rule.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to be forgotten; as, to <i>unteach</i>
what has been learned.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*team"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>team</i>.] <def>To unyoke a team from.</def> [R.]  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*tem"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>temper</i>.] <def>To deprive of temper, or of the proper degree of
temper; to make soft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*tem"per*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Intemperate.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*tem"per*ate*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Intemperately.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*tempt"er</hw> (?; 215), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who does
not tempt, or is not a tempter.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ten"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>tenant</i>.] <def>To remove a tenant from.</def> [R.]
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*tent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>tent</i>.] <def>To bring out of a tent.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*tent"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>tent</i> a covering.] <def>Having no tent or tents, as a soldier or a
field.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*tent"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>tented</i>, p. p. of <i>tent</i> to probe.] <def>Not tended; not
dressed. See 4th <u>Tent</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>untented</i> woundings of a father's curse<BR>
Pierce every sense about thee!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*thank"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>unpank</i>. See
<u>Un-</u> not, <u>Thank</u>.] <def>No thanks; ill will; misfortune.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Unthank</i> come on his head that bound him
so.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*think"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>think</i>.] <def>To recall or take back, as something thought.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*think"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>thinker</i>.] <def>A person who does not think, or does not think
wisely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*think"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
thinking; not heedful; thoughtless; inconsiderate; as, <i>unthinking</i>
youth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not indicating thought or reflection;
thoughtless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With earnest eyes, and round <i>unthinking</i> face,<BR>
He first the snuffbox opened, then the case.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*think"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*think"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*thread"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>thread</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw or take out a thread from; as, to
<i>unthread</i> a needle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of ligaments; to loose the ligaments
of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He with his bare wand can <i>unthread</i> thy
joints.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make one's way through; to traverse; as, to
<i>unthread</i> a devious path.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"thrift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Want of thrift; unthriftiness; prodigality.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unthrifty person.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*thrift"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unthrifty.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*thrift"ful*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Not
thriftily.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Unthriftfully</i> spent."  <i>Sir J.
Cheke.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*thrift"i*head</hw> (?), <hw>Un*thrift"i*hood</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unthriftiness.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*thrift"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not thriftily.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Improperly; unbecomingly.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*thrift"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state or being unthrifty; profuseness; lavishness.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*thrift"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not thrifty;
profuse.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*throne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>throne</i>.] <def>To remove from, or as from, a throne; to
dethrone.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ti"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Unseasonable; untimely.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Untidy</i> tales."  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not tidy or neat; slovenly.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*ti"di*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*ti"di*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*tie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>unt&ymacr;gan</i>.
See 1st <u>Un-</u>, and <u>Tie</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To loosen, as something interlaced or knotted;
to disengage the parts of; as, to <i>untie</i> a knot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sacharissa's captive fain<BR>
Would <i>untie</i> his iron chain.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her snakes <i>untied</i>, sulphurous waters
drink.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To free from fastening or from restraint; to let
loose; to unbind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though you <i>untie</i> the winds, and let them fight<BR>
Against the churches.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the evils of an <i>untied</i> tongue we put upon the
accounts of drunkenness.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To resolve; to unfold; to clear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They quicken sloth, perplexities <i>untie</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*tie"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become untied or
loosed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*tight"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>tighten</i>.] <def>To make less tight or tense; to loosen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*til"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>until</i>,
<i>ontil</i>; <i>un-</i> (as in <i>unto</i>) + <i>til</i> till; cf. Dan.
<i>indtil</i>, Sw. <i>intill</i>. See <u>Unto</u>, and <u>Till</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To; unto; towards; -- used of material
objects.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Taverners <i>until</i> them told the same.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He roused himself full blithe, and hastened them
<i>until</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To; up to; till; before; -- used of time; as, he
staid <i>until</i> evening; he will not come back <i>until</i> the end of
the month.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He and his sons were priests to the tribe of Dan
<i>until</i> the day of the captivity.</blockquote> <i>Judg. xviii.
30.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In contracts and like documents <i>until</i> is construed as
exclusive of the date mentioned unless it was the manifest intent of the
parties to include it.</p>

<p><hw>Un*til"</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>As far as; to the place
or degree that; especially, up to the time that; till. See <u>Till</u>,
<pos><i>conj.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>In open prospect nothing bounds our eye,<BR>
<i>Until</i> the earth seems joined unto the sky.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But the rest of the dead lives not again <i>until</i> the
thousand years were finished.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xx. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*tile"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>tile</i>.] <def>To take the tiles from; to uncover by removing the
tiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*time"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An unseasonable
time.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A man shall not eat in <i>untime</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*time"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unseasonableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*time"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not timely; done or
happening at an unnatural, unusual, or improper time; unseasonable;
premature; inopportune; as, <i>untimely</i> frosts; <i>untimely</i>
remarks; an <i>untimely</i> death.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*time"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Out of the natural or
usual time; inopportunely; prematurely; unseasonably.</def> "Let them know
. . . what's <i>untimely</i> done."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*time"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Untimely.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*time"ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Untimely;
unseasonably.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*tithed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not subjected
tithes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*ti"tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not titled; having no title, or appellation of dignity or
distinction.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being without title or right; not
entitled.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>unto</i>; <i>un-</i>
(only in <i>unto</i>, <i>until</i>) unto, as far as + <i>to</i> to; this
<i>un-</i> is akin to AS. &?;&?; until, OFries. <i>und</i> OS. <i>und</i>
until, conj. (cf. OS. <i>unt&?;</i> unto, OHG. <i>unzi</i>), Goth.
<i>und</i> unto, until. See <u>To</u>, and cf. <u>Until</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To; -- now used only in antiquated, formal, or
scriptural style. See <u>To</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Until; till.</def> [Obs.] "He shall abide it
<i>unto</i> the death of the priest."  <i>Num. xxxv. 25.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un"to</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Until; till.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Unto</i> this year be gone."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*told"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
told; not related; not revealed; as, <i>untold</i> secrets.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not numbered or counted; as, <i>untold</i>
money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*tol"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Intolerable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*tomb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>tomb</i>.] <def>To take from the tomb; to exhume; to disinter.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*tongue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>tongue</i>.] <def>To deprive of a tongue, or of voice.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*tooth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>tooth</i>.] <def>To take out the teeth of.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*to"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [<i>Unto</i> + <i>-
ward</i>.] <def>Toward.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*to"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>toward</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Froward; perverse.</def> "Save yourselves from
this <i>untoward</i> generation."  <i>Acts ii. 40.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Awkward; ungraceful.</def> "<i>Untoward</i>
words." <i>Creech.</i> "<i>Untoward</i> manner." <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Inconvenient; troublesome; vexatious; unlucky;
unfortunate; as, an <i>untoward</i> wind or accident.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*to"ward*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*to"ward*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*to"ward*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Perverse; froward;
untoward.</def> "<i>Untowardly</i> tricks and vices."  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*trad"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not dealt with in trade; not visited for purposes of trade.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hakluyt</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unpracticed; inexperienced.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not traded in or bartered; hence, not hackneyed;
unusual; not common.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*trained"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not trained.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not trainable; indocile.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*tram"meled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not hampered or
impeded; free.</def> [Written also <i>untrammelled</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*trav"eled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>untravelled</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not traveled; not trodden by passengers; as, an
<i>untraveled</i> forest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having never visited foreign countries; not
having gained knowledge or experience by travel; as, an <i>untraveled</i>
Englishman.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*tread"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>tread</i>.] <def>To tread back; to retrace.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*treas"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>treasure</i>.] <def>To bring forth or give up, as things previously
treasured.</def> "The quaintness with which he <i>untreasured</i>, as by
rote, the stores of his memory."  <i>J. Mitford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*treas"ured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[Properly p. p. of <i>untreasure</i>.] <def>Deprived of treasure.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not + <i>treasured</i>.] <def>Not
treasured; not kept as treasure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*treat"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of
being treated; not practicable.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*trenched"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
trenches; whole; intact.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*tressed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not tied up in
tresses; unarranged; -- said of the hair.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*trow"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incredible.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Untrowable</i> fairness."  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*true"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
true; false; contrary to the fact; as, the story is
<i>untrue</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not faithful; inconstant; false; disloyal.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*true</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Untruly.</def> [Obs. or
Poetic]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*tru"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something not true; a
false statement.</def> [Recent &amp; R.]  <i>A. Trollope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*trunked"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>trunk</i>.] <def>Separated from its trunk or stock.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*truss"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>truss</i>.] <def>To loose from a truss, or as from a truss; to untie or
unfasten; to let out; to undress.</def> [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*truss"</hw> (?), <hw>Un*truss"er</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who untrussed persons for the purpose of
flogging them; a public whipper.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*trust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Distrust.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*trust"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not trustful or trusting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not to be trusted; not trusty.</def> [R.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*truth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality of being untrue; contrariety to truth; want of veracity; also,
treachery; faithlessness; disloyalty.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is untrue; a false assertion; a
falsehood; a lie; also, an act of treachery or disloyalty.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lie; falsehood. See <u>Lie</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Un*truth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not truthful;
unveracious; contrary to the truth or the fact.</def> --
<wf>Un*truth"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*truth"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*tuck"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>tuck</i>.] <def>To unfold or undo, as a tuck; to release from a tuck or
fold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*tune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>tune</i>.] <def>To make incapable of harmony, or of harmonious action;
to put out of tune.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*turn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>turn</i>.] <def>To turn in a reserve way, especially so as to open
something; as, to <i>unturn</i> a key.</def>  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*turned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>turned</i>.] <def>Not turned; not revolved or reversed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To leave no stone unturned</b></col>, <cd>to leave nothing
untried for accomplishing one's purpose.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] <i>left unturned no stone</i><BR>
To make my guilt appear, and hide his own.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*twain"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>twain</i>.] <def>To rend in twain; to tear in two.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*twine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>twine</i>.] <def>To untwist; to separate, as that which is twined or
twisted; to disentangle; to untie.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It requires a long and powerful counter sympathy in a nation
to <i>untwine</i> the ties of custom which bind a people to the established
and the old.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*twine"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
untwined.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*twirl"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>twirl</i>.] <def>To untwist; to undo.</def>  <i>Ash.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*twist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>twist</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate and open, as twisted threads; to
turn back, as that which is twisted; to untwine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If one of the twines of the twist do <i>untwist</i>,<BR>
The twine that <i>untwisteth</i>, <i>untwisteth</i> the twist.</blockquote>
<i>Wallis.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To untie; to open; to disentangle.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ty"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To untie.</def>
[Archaic]  <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*us"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want or lack of
usage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*used"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
used; as, an <i>unused</i> book; an <i>unused</i> apartment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not habituated; unaccustomed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Unused</i> to bend, impatient of control.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*u"su*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not usual; uncommon;
rare; as, an <i>unusual</i> season; a person of <i>unusual</i> grace or
erudition.</def> -- <wf>Un*u"su*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*u"su*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*u`su*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Unusualness.</def>  <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1583 !></p>

<p><hw>Un*ut"ter*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not utterable;
incapable of being spoken or voiced; inexpressible; ineffable; unspeakable;
as, <i>unutterable</i> anguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sighed and looked <i>unutterable</i> things.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*ut"ter*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*ut"ter*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*vail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Unveil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*val"u*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Invaluable; being beyond price.</def> [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not valuable; having little value.</def> [R.]
<i>T. Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*val"ued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not valued; not appraised; hence, not considered; disregarded;
valueless; as, an <i>unvalued</i> estate.</def> "<i>Unvalued</i> persons."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having inestimable value; invaluable.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The golden apples of <i>unvalued</i> price.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*va"ri*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Invariable.</def>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*veil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>veil</i>.] <def>To remove a veil from; to divest of a veil; to uncover;
to disclose to view; to reveal; as, she <i>unveiled</i> her face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*veil"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To remove a veil; to
reveal one's self.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*veil"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who removes a
veil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`ve*rac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of veracity;
untruthfulness; as, <i>unveracity</i> of heart.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*ves"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>vessel</i>.] <def>To cause to be no longer a vessel; to empty.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*vi"car</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>vicar</i>.] <def>To deprive of the position or office a vicar.</def>
[R.]  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*vi"o*la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Inviolable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*vis"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>vizard</i>.] <def>To take the vizard or mask from; to unmask.</def>
[Written also <i>unvizard</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*vis"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Invisible.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*vis"i*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Invisibly.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*vi"ti*a`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not vitiated;
pure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*vol"un*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Involuntary.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*vote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>vote</i>.] <def>To reverse or annul by vote, as a former vote.</def>
[R.]  <i>Bp, Burnet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*vow"eled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no vowel
sounds or signs.</def> [Written also <i>unvowelled</i>.]
<i>Skinner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*vul"gar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-
</i> + <i>vulgarize</i>.] <def>To divest of vulgarity; to make to be not
vulgar.</def>  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*vul"ner*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Invulnerable.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*ware"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>unw&aelig;r</i>
unwary. See <u>Un-</u> not, and <u>Wary</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Unaware; not foreseeing; being off one's
guard.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Happening unexpectedly; unforeseen.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>unware</i> woe of harm that cometh
behind.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*ware"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] --
<wf>Un*ware"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*wares"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Unawares;
unexpectedly; -- sometimes preceded by <i>at</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wa"ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an unwary
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*wa"ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being unwary; carelessness; heedlessness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*warm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>warm</i>.] <def>To lose warmth; to grow cold.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*warp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>warp</i>.] <def>To restore from a warped state; to cause to be linger
warped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*warped"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>warped</i>.] <def>Not warped; hence, not biased; impartial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*war"rant*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
warrantable; indefensible; not vindicable; not justifiable; illegal;
unjust; improper.</def> -- <wf>Un*war"rant*a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Un*war"rant*a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*war"rant*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not warranted; being
without warrant, authority, or guaranty; unwarrantable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*wa"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Unware</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not vigilant against danger; not wary or
cautious; unguarded; precipitate; heedless; careless.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unexpected; unforeseen; unware.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*washed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not washed or
cleansed; filthy; unclean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*wash"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not washed.</def>
[Archaic] "To eat with <i>unwashen</i> hands."  <i>Matt. xv. 20.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wayed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
used to travel; as, colts that are <i>unwayed</i>.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no ways or roads; pathless.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wea"ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not wearied; not
fatigued or tired; hence, persistent; not tiring or wearying;
indefatigable.</def> -- <wf>Un*wea"ried*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*wea"ried*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*wea"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>weary</i>.] <def>To cause to cease being weary; to refresh.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*weave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>weave</i>.] <def>To unfold; to undo; to ravel, as what has been
woven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*wedge"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be split
with wedges.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*weet"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Un-</u> not, and
<u>Weet</u>, <u>Wit</u>.] <def>Unwitting.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*weet"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*weighed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not weighed; not
pondered or considered; as, an <i>unweighed</i> statement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*weigh"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not weighing or
pondering; inconsiderate.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un*weld"</hw> (?), <hw>Un*weld"y</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unwieldy; unmanageable; clumsy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our old limbs move [may] well be <i>unweld</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*well"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
well; indisposed; not in good health; somewhat ill; ailing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Specifically, ill from
menstruation; affected with, or having, catamenial; menstruant.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word was formerly regarded as an Americanism, but is now in
common use among all who speak the English language.</p>

<p><hw>Un*well"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being unwell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*wemmed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not blemished;
undefiled; pure.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With body clean and with <i>unwemmed</i>
thought.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*whole"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>unh&amacr;l</i>.
See <u>Un-</u> not, and <u>Whole</u>.] <def>Not whole; unsound.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*wield"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not easily wielded or
carried; unmanageable; bulky; ponderous.</def> "A fat, <i>unwieldy</i> body
of fifty-eight years old."  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*wield"i*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*wield"i*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*wild"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>wild</i>.] <def>To tame; to subdue.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]
<i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*will"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>will</i>.] <def>To annul or reverse by an act of the will.</def>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*willed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>will</i>.] <def>Deprived of the faculty of will or volition.</def>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*will"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not willing; loath;
disinclined; reluctant; as, an <i>unwilling</i> servant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And drop at last, but in <i>unwilling</i> ears,<BR>
This saving counsel, "Keep your piece nine years."</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*will"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*will"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*wind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>unwindan</i>. See
1st <u>Un-</u>, and <u>Wind</u> to coil.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wind off; to loose or separate, as what or
convolved; to untwist; to untwine; as, to <i>unwind</i> thread; to
<i>unwind</i> a ball of yarn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To disentangle.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wind"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be or become unwound;
to be capable of being unwound or untwisted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*wis"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Want of wisdom;
unwise conduct or action; folly; simplicity; ignorance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sumptuary laws are among the exploded fallacies which we
have outgrown, and we smile at the <i>unwisdom</i> which could except to
regulate private habits and manners by statute.</blockquote> <i>J. A.
Froude.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>unw&imacr;s</i>. See
<u>Un-</u> not, and <u>Wise</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Not wise;
defective in wisdom; injudicious; indiscreet; foolish; as, an <i>unwise</i>
man; <i>unwise</i> kings; <i>unwise</i> measures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*wise"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>unw&imacr;slice</i>.] <def>In an unwise manner; foolishly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*wish"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>wish</i>.] <def>To wish not to be; to destroy by wishing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now thou hast <i>unwished</i> five thousand
men.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not
known; unknown.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not knowing; unwitting.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>wit</i>.] <def>To deprive of wit.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wit"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>wit</i>.] <def>Want of wit or understanding; ignorance.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*witch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>witch</i>.] <def>To free from a witch or witches; to fee from
witchcraft.</def> [R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wit"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not knowing;
unconscious; ignorant.</def> -- <wf>Un*wit"ting*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*wom"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>woman</i>.] <def>To deprive of the qualities of a woman; to unsex.</def>
[R.]  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*won"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>wonder</i>.] <def>To divest of the quality of wonder or mystery; to
interpret; to explain.</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wont"</hw> (&ubreve;n*w&ubreve;nt"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Unwonted; unused; unaccustomed.</def> [Archaic]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wont"ed</hw> (&ubreve;n*w&ubreve;nt"&ebreve;d),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not wonted; unaccustomed;
unused; not made familiar by practice; as, a child <i>unwonted</i> to
strangers.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uncommon; unusual; infrequent; rare; as,
<i>unwonted</i> changes.</def> "<i>Unwonted</i> lights."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Un*wont"ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*wont"ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*work"</hw> (&ubreve;n*w&ucirc;k"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st
pref. <i>un-</i> + <i>work</i>.] <def>To undo or destroy, as work
previously done.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*world"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not worldly;
spiritual; holy.</def> <i>Hawthorne.</i> -- <wf>Un*world"li*ness</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*wormed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not wormed; not
having had the worm, or lytta, under the tongue cut out; -- said of a
dog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*wor"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>worship</i>.] <def>To deprive of worship or due honor; to
dishonor.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wor"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>un-</i> not +
<i>worship</i>.] <def>Lack of worship or respect; dishonor.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*worth"</hw> (&ubreve;n*w&ucirc;th"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>unweor&eth;</i>.] <def>Unworthy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*worth"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Unworthiness.</def> [R.]
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wor"thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not worthy; wanting
merit, value, or fitness; undeserving; worthless; unbecoming; -- often with
<i>of</i>.</def> -- <wf>Un*wor"thi*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Un*wor"thi*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Un*wrap"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>wrap</i>.] <def>To open or undo, as what is wrapped or folded.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wray"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Unwrie</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Un*wreathe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>wreathe</i>.] <def>To untwist, uncoil, or untwine, as anything
wreathed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*wrie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>onwre&oacute;n</i>; <i>on-</i> (see 1st <u>Un-</u>) +
<i>wre&oacute;n</i> to cover.] <def>To uncover.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*wrin"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i>
+ <i>wrinkle</i>.] <def>To reduce from a wrinkled state; to
smooth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*write"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>write</i>.] <def>To cancel, as what is written; to erase.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*writ"ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not written; not reduced to writing; oral; as, <i>unwritten</i>
agreements.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing no writing; blank; as,
<i>unwritten</i> paper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Unwritten doctrines</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>such
doctrines as have been handed down by word of mouth; oral or traditional
doctrines.</cd> -- <col><b>Unwritten law</b></col>. [Cf. L. <i>lex non
scripta</i>.] <cd>That part of the law of England and of the United States
which is not derived from express legislative enactment, or at least from
any enactment now extant and in force as such. This law is now generally
contained in the reports of judicial decisions. See <i>Common law</i>,
under <u>Common</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Unwritten laws</b></col>, <cd>such
laws as have been handed down by tradition or in song. Such were the laws
of the early nations of Europe.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Un*wro"ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Un-</u> not, and
<u>Wreak</u>.] <def>Not revenged; unavenged.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*yoke"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [1st pref. <i>un-</i> +
<i>yoke</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To loose or free from a yoke.</def> "Like
youthful steers <i>unyoked</i>, they take their courses."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To part; to disjoin; to disconnect.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*yoked"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [In sense 1 pref. <i>un-
</i> not + <i>yoked</i>; in senses 2 and 3 properly p. p. of
<i>unyoke</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not yet yoked; not having worn the
yoke.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freed or loosed from a yoke.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Licentious; unrestrained.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*yold"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not yielded.</def>
[Obs.] "[By] force . . . is he taken <i>unyolden</i>."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*zoned"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not zoned; not bound
with a girdle; as, an <i>unzoned</i> bosom.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up</hw> (&ubreve;p), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>up</i>,
<i>upp</i>, <i>&umacr;p</i>; akin to OFries. <i>up</i>, <i>op</i>, D.
<i>op</i>, OS. <i>&umacr;p</i>, OHG. <i>&umacr;f</i>, G. <i>auf</i>, Icel.
& Sw. <i>upp</i>, Dan. <i>op</i>, Goth. <i>iup</i>, and probably to E.
<i>over</i>. See <u>Over</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Aloft; on high; in a direction contrary to that
of gravity; toward or in a higher place or position; above; -- the opposite
of <i>down</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>up</i> or down,<BR>
By center or eccentric, hard to tell.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Hence, in many derived uses, specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>From a lower to a higher position, literally or
figuratively; as, from a recumbent or sitting position; from the mouth,
toward the source, of a river; from a dependent or inferior condition; from
concealment; from younger age; from a quiet state, or the like; -- used
with verbs of motion expressed or implied.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But they presumed to go <i>up</i> unto the
hilltop.</blockquote> <i>Num. xiv. 44.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am afflicted and ready to die from my youth
<i>up</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxxviii. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Up</i> rose the sun, and <i>up</i> rose
Emelye.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We have wrought ourselves <i>up</i> into this degree of
Christian indifference.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a higher place or position, literally or
figuratively; in the state of having arisen; in an upright, or nearly
upright, position; standing; mounted on a horse; in a condition of
elevation, prominence, advance, proficiency, excitement, insurrection, or
the like; -- used with verbs of rest, situation, condition, and the like;
as, to be <i>up</i> on a hill; the lid of the box was <i>up</i>; prices are
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And when the sun was <i>up</i>, they were
scorched.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those that were <i>up</i> themselves kept others
low.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Helen was <i>up</i> -- was she?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rebels there are <i>up</i>,<BR>
And put the Englishmen unto the sword.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His name was <i>up</i> through all the adjoining provinces,
even to Italy and Rome; many desiring to see who he was that could
withstand so many years the Roman puissance.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast fired me; my soul's <i>up</i> in
arms.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Grief and passion are like floods raised in little brooks by
a sudden rain; they are quickly <i>up</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A general whisper ran among the country people, that Sir
Roger was <i>up</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us, then, be <i>up</i> and doing,<BR>
With a heart for any fate.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To or in a position of equal advance or
equality; not short of, back of, less advanced than, away from, or the
like; -- usually followed by <i>to</i> or <i>with</i>; as, to be <i>up</i>
to the chin in water; to come <i>up</i> with one's companions; to come
<i>up</i> with the enemy; to live <i>up</i> to engagements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a boar was whetting his teeth, <i>up</i> comes a fox to
him.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>To or in a state of completion; completely;
wholly; quite; as, in the phrases to eat <i>up</i>; to drink <i>up</i>; to
burn <i>up</i>; to sum <i>up</i>; etc.; to shut <i>up</i> the eyes or the
mouth; to sew <i>up</i> a rent.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some phrases of this kind are now obsolete; as, to spend
<i>up</i> (<i>Prov. xxi. 20</i>); to kill <i>up</i> (<i>B. Jonson</i>).</p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Aside, so as not to be in use; as, to lay
<i>up</i> riches; put <i>up</i> your weapons.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Up</i> is used elliptically for <i>get up</i>, <i>rouse
up</i>, etc., expressing a command or exhortation. "<i>Up</i>, and let us
be going." <i>Judg. xix. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Up</i>, <i>up</i>, my friend! and quit your books,<BR>
Or surely you 'll grow double.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>It is all up with him</b></col>, <cd>it is all over with him; he
is lost.</cd> -- <col><b>The time is up</b></col>, <cd>the allotted time is
past.</cd> -- <col><b>To be up in</b></col>, <cd>to be informed about; to
be versed in.</cd>  "Anxious that their sons <i>should be</i> well <i>up
in</i> the superstitions of two thousand years ago." <i>H. Spencer.</i> --
<col><b>To be up to</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To be equal to, or
prepared for; as, he <i>is up to</i> the business, or the emergency.</cd>
[Colloq.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To be engaged in; to purpose, with the
idea of doing ill or mischief; as, I don't know what he's <i>up
to</i>.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>To blow up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To inflate; to distend.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To destroy by an
explosion from beneath.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To explode; as, the
boiler <i>blew up</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To reprove angrily; to
scold.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>To bring up</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Bring</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To come up
with</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Come</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>To cut up</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cut</u>, <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To draw up</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Draw</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>To grow up</b></col>,
<cd>to grow to maturity.</cd> -- <col><b>Up anchor</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the order to man the windlass preparatory to hauling up
the anchor.</cd> -- <col><b>Up and down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>First up, and then down; from one state or position to another. See
under <u>Down</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Fortune . . . led him <i>up and down</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>Vertical; perpendicular; -- said
of the cable when the anchor is under, or nearly under, the hawse hole, and
the cable is taut.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Up helm</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the order given to move the tiller toward the upper, or
windward, side of a vessel.</cd> -- <col><b>Up to snuff</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Snuff</u>.</cd> [Slang] -- <col><b>What is up?</b></col> <cd>What
is going on?</cd> [Slang]
</p>

<p><hw>Up</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>From a
lower to a higher place on, upon, or along; at a higher situation upon; at
the top of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In going <i>up</i> a hill, the knees will be most weary; in
going down, the thihgs.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>From the coast towards the interior of, as a
country; from the mouth towards the source of, as a stream; as, to journey
<i>up</i> the country; to sail <i>up</i> the Hudson.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Upon.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Up</i> pain of death."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being up or above; a
state of elevation, prosperity, or the like; -- rarely occurring except in
the phrase <i>ups and downs</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Ups and downs</b></col>, <cd>alternate states of elevation and
depression, or of prosperity and the contrary.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They had their <i>ups and downs</i> of fortune.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclining up; tending or going
up; upward; as, an <i>up</i> look; an <i>up</i> grade; the <i>up</i>
train.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"pas</hw> (&umacr;"p&adot;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay
<i>p&umacr;hn-&umacr;pas</i>; <i>p&umacr;hn</i> a tree + <i>&umacr;pas</i>
poison.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tree (<i>Antiaris toxicaria</i>)
of the Breadfruit family, common in the forests of Java and the neighboring
islands. Its secretions are poisonous, and it has been fabulously reported
that the atmosphere about it is deleterious. Called also <i>bohun
upas</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1584 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A virulent poison used in Java and the adjacent
islands for poisoning arrows. One kind, <i>upas antiar</i>, is derived from
the upas tree (<i>Antiaris toxicaria</i>). <i>Upas tieute</i> is prepared
from a climbing plant (<i>Strychnos Tieute</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*bar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
fasten with a bar.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove the bar or bards of, as a gate; to
under.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*bear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bear up; to raise
aloft; to support in an elevated situation; to sustain.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One short sigh of breath, <i>upbore</i><BR>
Even to the seat of God.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A monstrous wave <i>upbore</i><BR>
The chief, and dashed him on the craggy shore.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*bind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bind up.</def>
[R.]  <i>Collins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*blow"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inflate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*blow"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To blow up; as, the wind
<i>upblows</i> from the sea.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*braid"</hw> (&ubreve;p*br&amacr;d"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Upbraided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Upbraiding</u>.] [OE. <i>upbreiden</i>; AS. <i>upp</i> up +
<i>bregdan</i> to draw, twist, weave, or the kindred Icel.
<i>breg&eth;a</i> to draw, brandish, braid, deviate from, change, break
off, upbraid. See <u>Up</u>, and <u>Braid</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To charge with something wrong or disgraceful;
to reproach; to cast something in the teeth of; -- followed by <i>with</i>
or <i>for</i>, and formerly <i>of</i>, before the thing imputed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>upbraided</i> them with their unbelief.</blockquote>
<i>Mark xvi. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Vet do not<BR>
<i>Upbraid</i> us our distress.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reprove severely; to rebuke; to
chide.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then began he to <i>upbraid</i> the cities wherein most of
his mighty works were done.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xi. 20</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How much doth thy kindness <i>upbraid</i> my
wickedness!</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To treat with contempt.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To object or urge as a matter of reproach; to
cast up; -- with <i>to</i> before the person.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reproach; blame; censure; condemn.</p>

<p><hw>Up*braid"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To utter
upbraidings.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*braid"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of reproaching;
contumely.</def> [Obs.] " Foul <i>upbraid</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*break"</hw> (&ubreve;p*br&amacr;k"), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<def>To break upwards; to force away or passage to the surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"break`</hw> (&ubreve;p"br&amacr;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
breaking upward or bursting forth; an upburst.</def>  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*breathe"</hw> (&ubreve;p*br&emacr;&thlig;"), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <def>To breathe up or out; to exhale.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*breed"</hw> (&ubreve;p*br&emacr;d"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<def>To rear, or bring up; to nurse.</def> "<i>Upbred</i> in a foreign
country."  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*brought"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Brought up;
educated.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*buoy"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of buoying
up; uplifting.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"burst`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of bursting
upwards; a breaking through to the surface; an upbreak or uprush; as, an
<i>upburst</i> of molten matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"cast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Cast up; thrown upward;
as, with <i>upcast</i> eyes.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"cast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bowling)</i> <def>A cast; a throw.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>The ventilating shaft of a mine
out of which the air passes after having circulated through the mine; --
distinguished from the <i>downcast</i>. Called also <i>upcast pit</i>, and
<i>upcast shaft</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An upset, as from a carriage.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A taunt; a reproach.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*cast"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To cast or throw up; to turn upward.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To taunt; to reproach; to upbraid.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Up"caught`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Seized or caught
up.</def> " She bears <i>upcaught</i> a mariner away."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*cheer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cheer up.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*climb"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To climb up;
to ascend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Upclomb</i> the shadowy pine above the woven
copse.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*coil"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To coil up; to
make into a coil, or to be made into a coil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"coun`try</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an upcountry
direction; as, to live <i>upcountry</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Up"coun`try</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Living or situated
remote from the seacoast; as, an <i>upcountry</i> residence.</def>
[Colloq.] -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The interior of the country.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Up*curl"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To curl up.</def>
[R.]  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*dive"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To spring upward; to
rise.</def> [R.]  <i>Davies (Microcosmos).</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*draw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To draw up.</def>
[R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*end"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To end up; to set on
end, as a cask.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`pey*gan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The borele.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*fill"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fill up.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Up*flow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flow or stream
up.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*flung"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Flung or thrown
up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*gath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To gather up; to
contract; to draw together.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Himself he close <i>upgathered</i> more and
more.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*gaze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gaze
upward.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*give"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give up or
out.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Up*grow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow up.</def>
[R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"growth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process or result
of growing up; progress; development.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The new and mighty <i>upgrowth</i> of poetry in
Italy.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"gush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gushing upward.</def>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*gush"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gush
upward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*haf"</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Upheave</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"hand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lifted by the hand, or
by both hands; as, the <i>uphand</i> sledge.</def> [R.]  <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*hang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hang up.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*hasp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hasp or faster
up; to close; as, sleep <i>uphasps</i> the eyes.</def> [R.]
<i>Stanyhurst.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"heaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Piled up;
accumulated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God, which shall repay all with <i>upheaped</i>
measure.</blockquote> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*heav"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of upheaving,
or the state of being upheaved; esp., an elevation of a portion of the
earth's crust.</def>  <i>Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*heave"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To heave or lift up
from beneath; to raise.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*held"</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Uphold</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"her</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A fir pole
of from four to seven inches diameter, and twenty to forty feet long,
sometimes roughly hewn, used for scaffoldings, and sometimes for slight and
common roofs, for which use it is split.</def> [Spelt also <i>ufer</i>.]
[Eng.]  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*hill"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Upwards on, or as on,
a hillside; as, to walk <i>uphill</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"hill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ascending; going up; as, an <i>uphill</i> road.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Attended with labor; difficult; as,
<i>uphill</i> work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*hilt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To thrust in up to
the hilt; as, to <i>uphilt</i> one's sword into an enemy.</def> [R.]
<i>Stanyhurst.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*hoard"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hoard up.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*hold"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To hold up; to lift on high; to elevate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mournful train with groans, and hands <i>upheld</i>.<BR>
Besought his pity.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To keep erect; to support; to sustain; to keep
from falling; to maintain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Honor shall <i>uphold</i> the humble in spirit.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xxix 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Faulconbridge,<BR>
In spite of spite, alone <i>upholds</i> the day.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To aid by approval or encouragement; to
countenance; as, to <i>uphold</i> a person in wrongdoing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*hold"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Up</i> +
<i>holder.</i>  Cf. <u>Upholsterer</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A broker or auctioneer; a tradesman.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An undertaker, or provider for funerals.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>upholder</i>, rueful harbinger of death.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An upholsterer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, upholds; a supporter; a
defender; a sustainer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*hol"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Upholsterer</u>.] <def>To furnish (rooms, carriages, bedsteads, chairs,
etc.) with hangings, coverings, cushions, etc.; to adorn with furnishings
in cloth, velvet, silk, etc.; as, to <i>upholster</i> a couch; to
<i>upholster</i> a room with curtains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*hol"ster</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
broker.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Caxton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An upholsterer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*hol"ster*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A substitution for
older <i>upholder</i>, in OE., broker, tradesman, and formerly also written
<i>upholster</i>, <i>upholdster</i>.  See <u>Upholder</u>, and <u>-
ster</u>.] <def>One who provides hangings, coverings, cushions, curtains,
and the like; one who upholsters.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Upholsterer bee</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Poppy
bee</i>, under <u>Poppy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Up*hol"ster*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The articles or
goods supplied by upholsterers; the business or work of an
upholsterer.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"phroe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Euphroe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>High
land; ground elevated above the meadows and intervals which lie on the
banks of rivers, near the sea, or between hills; land which is generally
dry; -- opposed to <i>lowland</i>, <i>meadow</i>, <i>marsh</i>,
<i>swamp</i>, <i>interval</i>, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The country, as distinguished from the
neighborhood of towns.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Up"land</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to uplands; being on upland; high in situation; as,
<i>upland</i> inhabitants; <i>upland</i> pasturage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes, with secure delight<BR>
The <i>upland</i> hamlets will invite.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to the country, as distinguished from
the neighborhood of towns; rustic; rude; unpolished.</def> [Obs.] " The
race of <i>upland</i> giants."  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Upland moccasin</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Moccasin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Upland sandpiper</b></col>, or
<col><b>Upland plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large American
sandpiper (<i>Bartramia longicauda</i>) much valued as a game bird. Unlike
most sandpipers, it frequents fields and uplands. Called also <i>Bartramian
sandpiper</i>, <i>Bartram's tattler</i>, <i>field plover</i>, <i>grass
plover</i>, <i>highland plover</i>, <i>hillbird</i>, <i>humility</i>,
<i>prairie plover</i>, <i>prairie pigeon</i>, <i>prairie snipe</i>,
<i>papabote</i>, <i>quaily</i>, and <i>uplander</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Upland
sumach</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a North American shrub of the genus
Rhus (<i>Rhus glabra</i>), used in tanning and dyeing.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Up"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One dwelling in the upland; hence, a countryman; a rustic.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The upland sandpiper.</def>
[Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Up*land"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
uplands; dwelling on high lands.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rude; rustic; unpolished; uncivilized.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His presence made the rudest peasant melt,<BR>
That in the wild, <i>uplandish</i> country dwelt.</blockquote>
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*lay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hoard.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*lead"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lead
upward.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Up*lean"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lean or incline
upon anything.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*lift"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Uplifting</u>.] <def>To lift or raise aloft; to raise; to
elevate; as, to <i>uplift</i> the arm; to <i>uplift</i> a rock.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Satan, talking to his nearest mate,<BR>
With head <i>uplift</i> above the wave, and eyes<BR>
That sparkling blazed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"lift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
raising or upheaval of strata so as to disturb their regularity and
uniformity, and to occasion folds, dislocations, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"-line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>A
line or track leading from the provinces toward the metropolis or a
principal terminus; the track upon which up-trains run. See <u>Up-
train</u>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Up*lock"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To lock up.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*look"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To look or gaze
up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Up"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Uppermost</u>.]
<def>Highest; topmost; uppermost.</def>  <i>Spenser. Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`po*ko*ro"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native Maori
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An edible fresh-water New Zealand fish
(<i>Prototroctes oxyrhynchus</i>) of the family
<i>Haplochitonid&aelig;</i>. In general appearance and habits, it resembles
the northern lake whitefishes and trout. Called also
<i>grayling</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*on"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>[AS. <i>uppan</i>,
<i>uppon</i>; <i>upp</i> up + <i>on</i>, <i>an</i>, on. See <u>Up</u>, and
<u>On</u>.] <def>On; -- used in all the senses of that word, with which it
is interchangeable.</def> "<i>Upon</i> an hill of flowers."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our host <i>upon</i> his stirrups stood anon.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt take of the blood that is <i>upon</i> the
altar.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxix. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Philistines be <i>upon</i> thee, Samson.</blockquote>
<i>Judg. xvi. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As I did stand my watch <i>upon</i> the hill.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He made a great difference between people that did rebel
<i>upon</i> wantonness, and them that did rebel <i>upon</i>
want.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This advantage we lost <i>upon</i> the invention of
firearms.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Upon</i> the whole, it will be necessary to avoid that
perpetual repetition of the same epithets which we find in
Homer.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had abandoned the frontiers, retiring <i>upon</i>
Glasgow.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Philip swore <i>upon</i> the Evangelists to abstain from
aggression in my absence.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Upon</i> conveys a more distinct notion that <i>on</i> carries
with it of something that literally or metaphorically bears or supports. It
is less employed than it used to be, <i>on</i> having for the most part
taken its place. Some expressions formed with it belong only to old style;
as, <i>upon</i> pity they were taken away; that is, in consequence of pity:
<i>upon</i> the rate of thirty thousand; that is, amounting to the rate: to
die <i>upon</i> the hand; that is, by means of the hand: he had a garment
<i>upon</i>; that is, upon himself: the time is coming fast <i>upon</i>;
that is, upon the present time. By the omission of its object, <i>upon</i>
acquires an adverbial sense, as in the last two examples.</p>

<p><col><b>To assure upon</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to promise; to
undertake.</cd> -- <col><b>To come upon</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Come</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To take upon</b></col>, <cd>to
assume.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Up*pent`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>A Pent up;
confined.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Up"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>; <pos><i>comp.</i></pos> of
<u>Up</u>. <def>Being further up, literally or figuratively; higher in
place, position, rank, dignity, or the like; superior; as, the <i>upper</i>
lip; the <i>upper</i> side of a thing; the <i>upper</i> house of a
legislature.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The upper hand</b></col>, <cd>the superiority; the advantage.
See <i>To have the upper hand</i>, under <u>Hand</u>.</cd> <i>Jowett
(Thucyd.).</i> -- <col><b>Upper Bench</b></col> <i>(Eng. Hist.)</i>,
<cd>the name of the highest court of common law (formerly King's Bench)
during the Commonwealth.</cd> -- <col><b>Upper case</b></col>, <cd>the top
one of a pair of compositor's cases. See the Note under 1st <u>Case</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Upper covert</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the coverts situated above the bases of the
tail quills.</cd> -- <col><b>Upper deck</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the
topmost deck of any vessel; the spar deck.</cd> -- <col><b>Upper
leather</b></col>, <cd>the leather for the vamps and quarters of
shoes.</cd> -- <col><b>Upper strake</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the
strake next to the deck, usually of hard wood, and heavier than the other
strakes.</cd> -- <col><b>Upper ten thousand</b></col>, or (abbreviated)
<col><b>Upper ten</b></col>, <cd>the ten thousand, more or less, who are
highest in position or wealth; the upper class; the aristocracy.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>Upper topsail</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the upper
half of a double topsail.</cd> -- <col><b>Upper works</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>all those parts of the hull of a vessel that are
properly above water.</cd> -- <col><b>Upper world</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The atmosphere.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Heaven.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>This world; the earth; -- in
distinction from the <i>underworld</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Up"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The upper leather for a shoe;
a vamp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"per*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Up</u>,
<u>Upper</u>; formed like <i>aftermost</i>.  Cf. <u>Upmost</u>.]
<def>Highest in place, position, rank, power, or the like; upmost;
supreme.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever faction happens to be
<i>uppermost</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up`per*ten"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Upper ten</i> +
<i>-dom</i>.] <def>The highest class in society; the upper ten. See
<i>Upper ten</i>, under <u>Upper</u>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Up*pile"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pile, or heap,
up.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"pish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Up</u>.] <def>Proud;
arrogant; assuming; putting on airs of superiority.</def> [Colloq.] <i>T.
Brown.</i> -- <wf>Up"pish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Colloq.] --
<wf>Up"pish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Up*plight"</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Uppluck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*pluck"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pull or pluck
up.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Up*pricked"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Upraised; erect; --
said of the ears of an animal.</def>  <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*prop"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prop up.</def>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*raise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To raise; to lift
up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*rear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To raise; to
erect.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*ridged"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Raised up in a ridge
or ridges; as, a billow <i>upridged</i>.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"right`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>upright</i>,
<i>uppriht</i>. See <u>Up</u>, and <u>Right</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In an erect position or posture; perpendicular;
vertical, or nearly vertical; pointing upward; as, an <i>upright</i>
tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With chattering teeth, and bristling hair
<i>upright</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All have their ears <i>upright</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Morally erect; having rectitude; honest; just;
as, a man <i>upright</i> in all his ways.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And that man [Job] was perfect and
<i>upright</i>.</blockquote> <i>Job i. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Conformable to moral rectitude.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conscience rewards <i>upright</i> conduct with
pleasure.</blockquote> <i>J. M. Mason.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Stretched out face upward; flat on the
back.</def> [Obs.] " He lay <i>upright</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Upright drill</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a drilling machine
having the spindle vertical.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; This word and its derivatives are usually pronounced in prose
with the accent on the first syllable. But they are frequently pronounced
with the accent on the second in poetry, and the accent on either syllable
is admissible.</p>

<p><hw>Up"right`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something standing
upright, as a piece of timber in a building. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Frame</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*right"eous*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See
<u>Righteous</u>.] <def>In an upright or just manner.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1585 !></p>

<p><hw>Up"right`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an upright
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"right`ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>the quality or
state of being upright.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*rise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To rise; to get up; to appear from below the horizon.</def>
"<i>Uprose</i> the sun."  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Uprose</i> the virgin with the morning
light.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have an upward direction or
inclination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Uprose</i> the mystic mountain range.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*rise"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of rising;
appearance above the horizon; rising.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Did ever raven sing so like a lark,<BR>
That gives sweet tidings of the sun's <i>uprise</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*ris"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of
rising; also, a steep place; an ascent.</def> "The steep <i>uprising</i> of
the hill."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An insurrection; a popular revolt.</def>  <i>J.
P. Peters.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*rist"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Uprising.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*rist"</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Uprise</u>.
Uprose.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor dim nor red, like God's own head<BR>
The glorious sun <i>uprist</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"roar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>oproer</i>; akin to G.
<i>aufruhr</i>, Dan. <i>opr&ouml;r</i>, Sw. <i>uppror</i>; D. <i>op</i> up
+ <i>roeren</i> to stir; akin to AS. <i>hr&?;ran</i> to stir, <i>hr&?;r</i>
stirring, active, G. <i>r&uuml;hren</i> to stir, OHG. <i>ruoren</i>, Icel.
<i>hr&aelig;ra</i>, Dan. <i>r&ouml;re</i>, Sw. <i>r&ouml;ra</i>.  Cf.
<u>Rearmouse</u>.] [In verse, sometimes accented on the second syllable.]
<def>Great tumult; violent disturbance and noise; noisy confusion; bustle
and clamor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But the Jews which believed not, . . . set all the city on
an <i>uproar</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*roar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw into uproar
or confusion.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Uproar</i> the universal peace."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*roar"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make an uproar.</def>
[R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*roar"i*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Making, or
accompanied by, uproar, or noise and tumult; as, <i>uproarious</i>
merriment.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Up*roar"i*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Up*roar"i*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Up*roll"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To roll up.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*root"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To root up; to tear
up by the roots, or as if by the roots; to remove utterly; to eradicate; to
extirpate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trees <i>uprooted</i> left their place.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At his command the <i>uprooted</i> hills
retired.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*rouse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rouse up; to
rouse from sleep; to awake; to arouse.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*run"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To run up; to
ascend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The young sun<BR>
That in the Ram is four degrees <i>uprun</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[A son] of matchless might, who, like a thriving plant,<BR>
<i>Upran</i> to manhood.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*rush"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rush
upward.</def>  <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"rush`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of rushing upward;
an upbreak or upburst; as, an <i>uprush</i> of lava.</def>  <i>R. A.
Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up`sar*o"kas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Crows</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*seek"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To seek or strain
upward.</def> "<i>Upseeking</i> eyes suffused with . . . tears."
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*send"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To send, cast, or
throw up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As when some island situate afar . . . <BR>
<i>Upsends</i> a smoke to heaven.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*set"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
set up; to put upright.</def> [Obs.] "With sail on mast <i>upset</i>."
<i>R. of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To thicken and shorten, as a
heated piece of iron, by hammering on the end.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>To shorten (a tire) in the process of resetting, originally by cutting
it and hammering on the ends.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To overturn, overthrow, or overset; as, to
<i>upset</i> a carriage; to <i>upset</i> an argument.</def> "Determined
somehow to <i>upset</i> the situation."  <i>Mrs. Humphry Ward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To disturb the self-possession of; to disorder
the nerves of; to make ill; as, the fright <i>upset</i> her.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Up*set"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
upset.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Set up; fixed;
determined; -- used chiefly or only in the phrase <i>upset price</i>; that
is, the price fixed upon as the minimum for property offered in a public
sale, or, in an auction, the price at which property is set up or started
by the auctioneer, and the lowest price at which it will be sold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After a solemn pause, Mr. Glossin offered the <i>upset</i>
price for the lands and barony of Ellangowan.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"set`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of upsetting, or the
state of being upset; an overturn; as, the wagon had an
<i>upset</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*set"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Conceited; assuming;
as, an <i>upsetting</i> fellow.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*shoot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shoot
upward.</def> "Trees <i>upshooting</i> high."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"shot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Up</i> + <i>shot</i>,
equivalent to <i>scot</i> share, reckoning.  Cf. the phrase <i>to cast up
an account</i>.] <def>Final issue; conclusion; the sum and substance; the
end; the result; the consummation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not pursue with any safety this sport to the
<i>upshot</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We account it frailty that threescore years and ten make the
<i>upshot</i> of man's pleasurable existence.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The upper side; the
part that is uppermost.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To be upsides with</b></col>, <cd>to be even with.</cd> [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.] <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> <i>T. Hughes.</i> -- <col><b>Upside
down</b></col>. [Perhaps a corruption of OE. <i>up so down</i>, literally,
up as down.] <cd>With the upper part undermost; hence, in confusion; in
complete disorder; topsy-turvy.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These that have turned the world <i>upside down</i> are come
hither also.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii. 6.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"si*down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Upsodown</u>.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"sit`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sitting up of a
woman after her confinement, to receive and entertain her friends.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To invite your lady's <i>upsitting</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*skip`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An upstart.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*snatch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To snatch
up.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Up*soar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To soar or mount
up.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"so*down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Up</i> + <i>so</i>
as + <i>down</i>.] <def>Upside down.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In man's sin is every manner order or ordinance turned
<i>upsodown</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*spear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow or shoot up
like a spear; as, <i>upspearing</i> grass.</def> [R.]  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*spring"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To spring
up.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"spring`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
upstart.</def> [Obs.] "The swaggering <i>upspring</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spring or leap into the air.</def> [R.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"spurn`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A spurner or
contemner; a despiser; a scoffer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*stairs"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Up the stairs; in
or toward an upper story.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"stairs`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being above stairs;
as, an <i>upstairs</i> room.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*stand"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stand up; to be
erected; to rise.</def>  <i>Spenser. Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At once <i>upstood</i> the monarch, and <i>upstood</i><BR>
The wise Ulysses.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*stare"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To stare or stand
upward; hence, to be uplifted or conspicuous.</def> "Rearing fiercely their
<i>upstaring</i> crests."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*start"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To start or spring
up suddenly.</def>  <i>Spenser. Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"start`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who has risen suddenly, as from low life to wealth, power, or honor; a
parvenu.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The meadow saffron.</def>  <i>Dr.
Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"start`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suddenly raised to
prominence or consequence.</def> "A race of <i>upstart</i> creatures."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*stay"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sustain; to
support.</def> [Obs.] "His massy spear <i>upstayed</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*stert"e</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Upstart</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"stir`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Insurrection;
commotion; disturbance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir J. Cheke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*stream"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the higher
part of a stream; against the current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*street"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the higher
part of a street; as, to walk <i>upstreet</i>.</def>  <i>G. W.
Gable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"stroke`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An upward stroke,
especially the stroke, or line, made by a writing instrument when moving
upward, or from the body of the writer, or a line corresponding to the part
of a letter thus made.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>upstroke</i> of an Alpha and Omega.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"sun`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The
time during which the sun is up, or above the horizon; the time between
sunrise and sunset.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*swarm"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To rise, or
cause to rise, in a swarm or swarms.</def> [R.]  <i>Shak. Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*sway"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sway or swing
aloft; as, to <i>upsway</i> a club.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*swell"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To swell or rise
up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"sy*tur"vy</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>Upside
down</i>, under <u>Upside</u>, and <u>Topsy-turvy</u>.] <def>Upside down;
topsy-turvy.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Robert Greene.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"tails` all"</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An old game at
cards.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Revelers; roysterers.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Decker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Revelry; confusion; frolic.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*take"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take into the
hand; to take up; to help.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"take`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The pipe leading upward from the smoke box of a
steam boiler to the chimney, or smokestack; a flue leading
upward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Understanding; apprehension.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*tear"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tear up.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*throw"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw up.</def>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"throw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>See
<u>Throw</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*thun"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To send up a
noise like thunder.</def> [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*tie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To tie up.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*till"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>To; against.</def>
[Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She, poor bird, as all forlorn,<BR>
Leaned her breast <i>uptill</i> a thorn.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*town"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To or in the upper
part of a town; as, to go <i>uptown</i>.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Up"town`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated in, or
belonging to, the upper part of a town or city; as, a <i>uptown</i> street,
shop, etc.; <i>uptown</i> society.</def> [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Up*trace"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To trace up or
out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*train"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To train up; to
educate.</def> [Obs.] "Daughters which were well <i>uptrained</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"-train`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A train going in the
direction of the metropolis or the main terminus.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A train going in the direction conventionally
called <i>up</i>.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Up*turn"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To turn up; to
direct upward; to throw up; as, to <i>upturn</i> the ground in
plowing.</def> "A sea of <i>upturned</i> faces."  <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So scented the grim feature, and <i>upturned</i><BR>
His nostril wide into the murky air.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"pu*pa</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the hoopoe.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of birds which includes the common
hoopoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*waft"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To waft
upward.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Up"ward</hw> (?), <hw>Up"wards</hw> (?), } <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[AS. <i>upweardes</i>. See <u>Up-</u>, and <u>-wards</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a direction from lower to higher; toward a
higher place; in a course toward the source or origin; -- opposed to
<i>downward</i>; as, to tend or roll <i>upward</i>.</def>  <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Looking inward, we are stricken dumb; looking <i>upward</i>,
we speak and prevail.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the upper parts; above.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dagon his name, sea monster, <i>upward</i> man,<BR>
And down ward fish.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Yet more; indefinitely more; above;
over.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From twenty years old and <i>upward</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Num. i. 3.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Upward of</b></col>, or <col><b>Upwards of</b></col>, <cd>more
than; above.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I have been your wife in this obedience<BR>
<i>Upward of</i> twenty years.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"ward</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>upweard</i>. See
<u>Up</u>, and <u>-ward</u>.] <def>Directed toward a higher place; as, with
<i>upward</i> eye; with <i>upward</i> course.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"ward</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The upper part; the
top.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From the extremest <i>upward</i> of thy head.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*whirl"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To rise upward
in a whirl; to raise upward with a whirling motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*wind"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wind up.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*wreath"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To rise with a
curling motion; to curl upward, as smoke.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up*yat"</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Upgive</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ur</hw> (?), <hw>Ure</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The urus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U"ra*chus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; urine +
&?; to hold.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A cord or band of fibrous tissue
extending from the bladder to the umbilicus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U*r&aelig;"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
urine + &?; blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Accumulation in the blood of the
principles of the urine, producing dangerous disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*r&aelig;"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to ur&aelig;mia; as, <i>ur&aelig;mic</i>
convulsions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U*r&aelig;"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr. &?;
&?;, fr. &?; of the tail; cf. L. <i>uraeus</i>, adj.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The posterior half of an animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, the Urals, a mountain range between Europe and Asia.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ral-Al*ta"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Urals and the Altai; as the <i>Ural-Altaic</i>, or Turanian,
languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ra*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wourali</u>.]
<def>See <u>Curare</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>U*ra"li*an</hw> (?), <hw>U*ral"ic</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or relating to the Ural Mountains.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ral*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because first
observed in the <i>Ural</i> Mountains.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Amphibole
resulting from the alternation of pyroxene by paramorphism. It is not
uncommon in massive eruptive rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ral*i`ti*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>The change of pyroxene to amphibole by paramorphism.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*ram"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Murexan.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ra*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt
of uranic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*ra"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr. &?;, i. e.,
the Heavenly, fr. &?; heavenly, fr. &?; heaven.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>One of the nine Muses,
daughter of Zeus by Mnemosyne, and patron of astronomy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of large,
brilliantly colored moths native of the West Indies and South America.
Their bright colored and tailed hind wings and their diurnal flight cause
them to closely resemble butterflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*ra"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the planet Uranus; as, the <i>Uranian</i> year.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*ran"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to the heavens; celestial; astronomical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On I know not what telluric or <i>uranic</i>
principles.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, resembling, or
containing uranium; specifically, designating those compounds in which
uranium has a valence relatively higher than in <i>uranous</i>
compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ra*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
alkaline salt of fluorescein, obtained as a brownish red substance, which
is used as a dye; -- so called from the peculiar yellowish green
fluorescence (resembling that of <i>uranium</i> glass) of its solutions.
See <u>Fluorescein</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*ran"i*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral consisting chiefly of uranium oxide with some lead, thorium, etc.,
occurring in black octahedrons, also in masses with a pitchlike luster;
pitchblende.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ra*nis"co*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; top of a
tent, plate (fr. &?; sky) + <i>-plasty</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The
process of forming an artificial palate.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>U`ra*nis*cor"a*phy</hw>, <hw>U`ra*nis*cor"rha*phy</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the top of a tent, the palate (fr. &?; sky) +
&?; a seam.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Suture of the palate. See
<u>Staphyloraphy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ra*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>uranit</i>, F.
<i>uranite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A general term for the uranium
phosphates, autunite, or lime uranite, and torbernite, or copper
uranite.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ra*nit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to uranium; containing uranium.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*ra"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from <i>Uranus</i>
the planet. See <u>Uranus</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An element of the
chromium group, found in certain rare minerals, as pitchblende, uranite,
etc., and reduced as a heavy, hard, nickel-white metal which is quite
permanent. Its yellow oxide is used to impart to glass a delicate greenish-
yellow tint which is accompanied by a strong fluorescence, and its black
oxide is used as a pigment in porcelain painting. Symbol U. Atomic weight
239. </def></p>

<p>&fist; Uranium was discovered in the state of an oxide by Klaproth in
1789, and so named in honor of Herschel's discovery of the planet
<i>Uranus</i> in 1781.</p>

<p>{ <hw>U"ran-o`cher</hw>, <hw>U"ran-o`chre</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>uranochre</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A yellow, earthy incrustation, consisting
essentially of the oxide of uranium, but more or less impure.</def>
</p>

<p>{ <hw>U`ra*no*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>U`ra*no*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to uranography; as, an
<i>uranographic</i> treatise.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ra*nog"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One practiced
in uranography.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ra*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; heaven
+ &?; to write.] <def>A description or plan of the heavens and the heavenly
bodies; the construction of celestial maps, globes, etc.;
uranology.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*ran"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; heaven + <i>-
lite</i>.] <def>A meteorite or a&euml;rolite.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ra*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; heaven + <i>-
logy</i>.] <def>A discourse or treatise on the heavens and the heavenly
bodies; the study of the heavens; uranography.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U`ra*nom`e*tri"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
uranometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ra*nom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; heaven + <i>-
metry</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A chart or catalogue of fixed stars,
especially of stars visible to the naked eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ra*no*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Uraniscoplasty</u>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The plastic operation for
closing a fissure in the hard palate.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ra*nos"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-
scopy</i>.] <def>Observation of the heavens or heavenly bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ra*no"so-</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
combining form (also used adjectively) from <i>uranium</i>; -- used in
naming certain complex compounds; as in <i>uranoso</i>-uranic oxide,
<i>uranoso</i>-uranic sulphate.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1586 !></p>

<p><hw>U"ra*nous</hw> (&umacr;"r&adot;*n&ubreve;s), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or containing, uranium; designating
those compounds in which uranium has a lower valence as contrasted with the
<i>uranic</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ra*nus</hw> (-n&ubreve;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Uranus</i>,
Gr. <grk>O'yrano`s</grk> Uranus, <grk>o'yrano`s</grk> heaven, sky.  Cf.
<u>Uranium</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>The son or husband of Gaia
(Earth), and father of Chronos (Time) and the Titans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of the primary planets. It
is about 1,800,000,000 miles from the sun, about 36,000 miles in diameter,
and its period of revolution round the sun is nearly 84 of our
years.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This planet has also been called <i>Herschel</i>, from Sir
William Herschel, who discovered it in 1781, and who named it <i>Georgium
Sidus</i>, in honor of George III., then King of England.</p>

<p><hw>U*ran"-u*tan`</hw> (?), <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The orang-
utang</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ra*nyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Uran</i>ium + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The radical UO<sub>2</sub>, conveniently
regarded as a residue of many uranium compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*ra"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Trona</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>U*ra"re</hw> (?), <hw>U*ra"ri</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Curare</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>urate</i>.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of uric acid; as, sodium <i>urate</i>;
ammonium <i>urate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*rat"ic</hw> (?), <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Of or containing
urates; as, <i>uratic</i> calculi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"ban</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>urbanus</i> belonging
to the &?;ity or town, refined, polished, fr. <i>urbs</i>, <i>urbis</i>, a
city: cf. F. <i>urbain</i>.  Cf. <u>Urbane</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or belonging to a city or town; as, an
<i>urban</i> population.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to, or suiting, those living in a
city; cultivated; polite; urbane; as, <i>urban</i> manners.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Urban servitude</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Predial servitude</i>,
under <u>Servitude</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ur*bane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Urban</u>.]
<def>Courteous in manners; polite; refined; elegant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"ban*iste</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
large and delicious pear or Flemish origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur*ban"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>urbanitas</i>; cf.
F. <i>urbanit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being urbane; civility
or courtesy of manners; politeness; refinement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The marquis did the honors of his house with the
<i>urbanity</i> of his country.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Polite wit; facetiousness.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Raillery in the sauce of civil entertainment; and without
some such tincture of <i>urbanity</i>, good humor falters.</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Politeness; suavity; affability; courtesy.</p>

<p><hw>Ur"ban*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render urban,
or urbane; to refine; to polish.</def>  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ur*bic"o*l&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>urbs</i>, <i>urbis</i>, a city + <i>colere</i> to inhabit.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive family of butterflies, including
those known as skippers (<i>Hesperiad&aelig;</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur*bic"o*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a city; urban.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ur"ce*o*lar</hw> (&ucirc;"s&esl;*&osl;*l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Urceolate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"ce*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>urceolus</i>,
dim. of <i>urceus</i> a pitcher or waterpot.] <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>
<def>Shaped like a pitcher or urn; swelling below, and contracted at the
orifice, as a calyx or corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"ce*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Urceolate</u>.]
<i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A vessel for water for washing the hands; also, one
to hold wine or water.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ur*ce"o*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Urceoli</b></plw> (#). [L., a little pitcher.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any urn-shaped organ of a plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"chin</hw> (&ucirc;"ch&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>urchon</i>, <i>irchon</i>, a hedgehog, OF. <i>ire&ccedil;on</i>,
<i>eri&ccedil;on</i>, <i>heri&ccedil;on</i>, <i>herichon</i>, F.
<i>h&eacute;risson</i>, a derivative fr. L. <i>ericius</i>, from <i>er</i>
a hedgehog, for <i>her</i>; akin to Gr. <grk>chh`r</grk>.  Cf.
<u>Herisson</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hedgehog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A sea urchin. See <u>Sea
urchin</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mischievous elf supposed sometimes to take the
form a hedgehog.</def> "We 'll dress [them] like <i>urchins</i>, ouphes,
and fairies."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A pert or roguish child; -- now commonly used
only of a boy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the <i>urchins</i> that stand with their thievish
eyes<BR>
Forever on watch ran off each with a prize.</blockquote> <i>W.
Howitt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You did indeed dissemble, you <i>urchin</i> you; but where's
the girl that won't dissemble for an husband?</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One of a pair in a series of small card
cylinders, arranged around a carding drum; -- so called from its fancied
resemblance to the hedgehog.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Urchin fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
diodon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ur"chin</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Rough; pricking;
piercing.</def> [R.] "Helping all <i>urchin</i> blasts."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ur"chon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
urchin, or hedgehog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"du</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>urd&umacr;</i>.]
<def>The language more generally called <i>Hindustanee</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ure</i>, OF.
<i>oevre</i>, <i>ovre</i>, <i>ouvre</i>, work, F. <i>&oelig;uvre</i>, L.
<i>opera</i>. See <u>Opera</u>, <u>Operate</u>, and cf. <u>Inure</u>,
<u>Manure</u>.] <def>Use; practice; exercise.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us be sure of this, to put the best in <i>ure</i><BR>
That lies in us.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ure</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To use; to exercise; to
inure; to accustom by practice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The French soldiers . . . from their youth have been
practiced and <i>ured</i> in feats of arms.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"re*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Urine</u>.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A very soluble crystalline body which is the
chief constituent of the urine in mammals and some other animals. It is
also present in small quantity in blood, serous fluids, lymph, the liver,
etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is the main product of the regressive metamorphosis
(katabolism) of proteid matter in the body, and is excreted daily to the
amount of about 500 grains by a man of average weight. Chemically it is
carbamide, CO(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, and when heated with strong
acids or alkalies is decomposed into carbonic acid and ammonia. It unites
with acids to form salts, as nitrate of urea, and it can be made
synthetically from ammonium cyanate, with which it is isomeric.</p>

<p><col><b>Urea ferment</b></col>, <cd>a soluble ferment formed by certain
bacteria, which, however, yield the ferment from the body of their cells
only after they have been killed by alcohol. It causes urea to take up
water and decompose into carbonic acid and ammonia. Many different bacteria
possess this property, especially <i>Bacterium ure&aelig;</i> and
<i>Micrococcus ure&aelig;</i>, which are found abundantly in urines
undergoing alkaline fermentation.</cd></p>

<p><hw>U"re*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
urea; containing, or consisting of, urea; as, <i>ureal</i>
deposits.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`re*am"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Urea</i> + <i>-
meter</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An apparatus for the determination
of the amount of urea in urine, in which the nitrogen evolved by the action
of certain reagents, on a given volume of urine, is collected and measured,
and the urea calculated accordingly.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`re*chi"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside extracted from the leaves of a certain plant (<i>Urechitis
suberecta</i>) as a bitter white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`re*chi*tox"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Urechit</i>in +
<i>tox</i>ic + <i>-in</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A poisonous glucoside found
accompanying urechitin, and extracted as a bitter white crystalline
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U*re"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a blast, blight, a
burning itch, fr. <i>urere</i> to burn, to scorch.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the stages in the life
history of certain rusts (<i>Uredinales</i>), regarded at one time as a
distinct genus. It is a summer stage preceding the teleutospore, or winter
stage. See <u>Uredinales</u>, in the Supplement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Nettle rash. See
<u>Urticaria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*re"do*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
thin-walled summer spore which is produced during the so-called Uredo stage
of certain rusts. See (in the Supplement) <u>Uredinales</u>,
<u>Heter&oelig;cious</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"re*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one
of the many complex derivatives of urea; thus, hydantoin, and, in an
extended dense, guanidine, caffeine, et., are ureides.</def> [Written also
<i>ureid</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>-u*ret</hw> (?). <def>A suffix with the same meaning as <i>-ide</i>.
See <u>-ide</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||U*re"ter</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.
See <u>Urine</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The duct which conveys the urine
from the kidney to the bladder or cloaca. There are two ureters, one for
each kidney.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U*re`ter*i"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Ureter</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
ureter.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*reth"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white crystalline substance, NH<sub>2</sub>.CO.OC<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>,
produced by the action of ammonia on ethyl carbonate. It is used somewhat
in medicine as a hypnotic. By extension, any one of the series of related
substances of which urethane proper is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U*re"thra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;. See
<u>Urine</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The canal by which the urine is
conducted from the bladder and discharged.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*re"thral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the urethra.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Urethral fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>fever occurring as a
consequence of operations upon the urethra.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||U`re*thri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Urethra</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
urethra.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*re"thro*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Urethra</i> +
<i>-plasty</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An operation for the repair of an
injury or a defect in the walls of the urethra.</def> --
<wf>U*re`thro*plas"tic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>U*re"thro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Urethra</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An instrument for viewing the interior
of the urethra.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`re*thros"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Examination of the urethra by means of the urethroscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*re"thro*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Urethra</i> + Gr.
&?; to cut.] <def>An instrument for cutting a urethral stricture.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`re*throt"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Urethra</i> + Gr.
&?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An incision of the urethra, esp. incision
for relief of urethral stricture.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*ret"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ureticus</i>, Gr.
&?;. See <u>Urine</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the urine;
diuretic; urinary; as, <i>uretic</i> medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Urge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Urged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Urging</u> (?).] [L. <i>urgere</i>; akin to E. <i>wreak</i>. See
<u>Wreak</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To press; to push; to drive; to impel; to force
onward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through the thick deserts headlong <i>urged</i> his
flight.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To press the mind or will of; to ply with
motives, arguments, persuasion, or importunity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My brother never<BR>
Did <i>urge</i> me in his act; I did inquire it.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To provoke; to exasperate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Urge</i> not my father's anger.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To press hard upon; to follow closely</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heir <i>urges</i> heir, like wave impelling
wave.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To present in an urgent manner; to press upon
attention; to insist upon; as, to <i>urge</i> an argument; to <i>urge</i>
the necessity of a case.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To treat with forcible means; to take severe or
violent measures with; as, to <i>urge</i> an ore with intense
heat.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To animate; incite; impel; instigate; stimulate;
encourage.</p>

<p><hw>Urge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
press onward or forward.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be pressing in argument; to insist; to
persist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"gence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Urgency.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ur"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>urgence</i>.]
<def>The quality or condition of being urgent; insistence; pressure; as,
the <i>urgency</i> of a demand or an occasion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"gent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>urgens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>urgere</i>: cf. F. <i>urgent</i>. See <u>Urge</u>.] <def>Urging;
pressing; besetting; plying, with importunity; calling for immediate
attention; instantly important.</def> "The <i>urgent</i> hour."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>urgent</i> cause to ordain the
contrary.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Egyptians were <i>urgent</i> upon the people that they
might send them out of the land in haste.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xii.
33.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ur"gent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an urgent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who urges.</def>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; urine: cf. F.
<i>urique</i>. See <u>Urine</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to urine; obtained from urine; as, <i>uric</i> acid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Uric acid</b></col>, <cd>a crystalline body, present in small
quantity in the urine of man and most mammals. Combined in the form of
urate of ammonia, it is the chief constituent of the urine of birds and
reptiles, forming the white part. Traces of it are also found in the
various organs of the body. It is likewise a common constituent, either as
the free acid or as a urate, of urinary or renal calculi and of the so-
called gouty concretions. From acid urines, uric acid is frequently
deposited, on standing in a cool place, in the form of a reddish yellow
sediment, nearly always crystalline. Chemically, it is composed of carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>4</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and by decomposition
yields urea, among other products. It can be made synthetically by heating
together urea and glycocoll. It was formerly called also <i>lithic
acid</i>, in allusion to its occurrence in stone, or calculus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||U"rim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>&?;r&imacr;m</i>,
pl. of <i>&?;r</i>, fire <i>&?;r</i> light.] <def>A part or decoration of
the breastplate of the high priest among the ancient Jews, by which Jehovah
revealed his will on certain occasions. Its nature has been the subject of
conflicting conjectures.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shall put in the breastplate of judgment the
<i>Urim</i> and the Thummim.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxviii. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And when Saul inquired of the Lord, the Lord answered him
not, neither by dreams, nor by <i>Urim</i>, nor by prophets.</blockquote>
<i>1 Sam. xxviii. 6.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Professor Plumptre supposes the <i>Urim</i> to have been a clear
and colorless stone set in the breastplate of the high priest as a symbol
of light, answering to the mystic scarab in the pectoral plate of the
ancient Egyptian priests, and that the <i>Thummim</i> was an image
corresponding to that worn by the priestly judges of Egypt as a symbol of
truth and purity of motive. By gazing steadfastly on these, he may have
been thrown into a mysterious, half ecstatic state, akin to hypnotism, in
which he lost all personal consciousness, and received a spiritual
illumination and insight.</p>

<p><hw>U"ri*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>urinal</i>, fr.
<i>urina</i> urine: cf. F. <i>urinal</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vessel for holding urine; especially, a bottle
or tube for holding urine for inspection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place or convenience for urinating
purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ri*na"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>urinarium</i>.]
<i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A reservoir for urine, etc., for manure.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ri*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>urina</i> urine:
cf. F. <i>urinaire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the urine; as, the
<i>urinary</i> bladder; <i>urinary</i> excretions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling, or being of the nature of,
urine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Urinary calculus</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a concretion
composed of some one or more crystalline constituents of the urine, liable
to be found in any portion of the urinary passages or in the pelvis of the
kidney.</cd> -- <col><b>Urinary pigments</b></col>, <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i>, <cd>certain colored substances, <i>urochrome</i>, or
<i>urobilin</i>, <i>uroerythrin</i>, etc., present in the urine together
with <i>indican</i>, a colorless substance which by oxidation is
convertible into colored bodies.</cd>
</p>

<p><hw>U"ri*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A urinarium; also, a
urinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ri*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [LL. <i>urinare</i>.]
<def>To discharge urine; to make water.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ri*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process
of voiding urine; micturition.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ri*na*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Provoking the flow
of urine; uretic; diuretic.</def> [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ri*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from <i>urinari</i>
to plunge under water, to dive.] <def>One who dives under water in search
of something, as for pearls; a diver.</def> [R.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>urine</i>, L.
<i>urina</i>; akin to <i>urinari</i> to plunge under water, to dive, Gr.
&?; urine; cf. Skr. <i>v&amacr;r</i> water, Icel. <i>&?;r</i> drizzling
rain, AS. <i>w&aelig;r</i> the sea.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>In mammals, a
fluid excretion from the kidneys; in birds and reptiles, a solid or
semisolid excretion.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In man, the urine is a clear, transparent fluid of an amber color
and peculiar odor, with an average density of 1.02. The average amount
excreted in 24 hours is from 40 to 60 ounces (about 1,200 cubic
centimeters). Chemically, the urine is mainly an aqueous solution of urea,
salt (sodium chloride), and uric acid, together with some hippuric acid and
peculiar pigments. It usually has an acid reaction, owing to the presence
of acid phosphates of soda or free uric acid. Normally, it contains about
960 parts of water to 40 parts of solid matter, and the daily average
excretion is 35 grams (540 grains) of urea, 0.75 gram (11 grains) of uric
acid, and 16.5 grams (260 grains) of salt. Abnormally, it may contain sugar
as in diabetes, albumen as in Bright's disease, bile pigments as in
jaundice, or abnormal quantities of some one or more of the normal
constituents.</p>

<p><hw>U"rine</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To urinate.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`ri*nif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Urine</i> + <i>-
ferous</i>.] <def>Bearing or conveying urine; as, <i>uriniferous</i>
tubules.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ri*nip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Urine</i> + L.
<i>parere</i> to produce: cf. F. <i>urinipare</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Producing or preparing urine; as, the <i>uriniparous</i> tubes in the
cortical portion of the kidney.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ri*no*gen"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to the urinary and genital organs; genitourinary;
urogenital; as, the <i>urinogenital</i> canal.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ri*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Urine</i> + <i>-
meter</i>.] <def>A small hydrometer for determining the specific gravity of
urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ri*nom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The estimation of
the specific gravity of urine by the urinometer.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1587 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>U"ri*nose</hw> (?), <hw>U"ri*nous</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[Cf. F. <i>urineux</i>. See <u>Urine</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to urine,
or partaking of its qualities; having the character or odor of urine;
similar to urine.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; tail.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the segments of the abdomen or post-abdomen
of arthropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"rith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The bindings of a
hedge.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Urn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>urne</i>, L. <i>urna</i>;
perhaps fr. <i>urere</i> to burn, and sop called as being made of burnt
clay (cf. <u>East</u>): cf. F. <i>urne</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A vessel of various forms, usually a vase
furnished with a foot or pedestal, employed for different purposes, as for
holding liquids, for ornamental uses, for preserving the ashes of the dead
after cremation, and anciently for holding lots to be drawn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A rustic, digging in the ground by Padua, found an
<i>urn</i>, or earthen pot, in which there was another
<i>urn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Wilkins.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His scattered limbs with my dead body burn,<BR>
And once more join us in the pious <i>urn</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Any place of burial; the grave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or lay these bones in an unworthy <i>urn</i>,<BR>
Tombless, with no remembrance over them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A measure of capacity for
liquids, containing about three gallons and a haft, wine measure. It was
haft the amphora, and four times the congius.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A hollow body shaped like an urn,
in which the spores of mosses are contained; a spore case; a
theca.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A tea urn. See under <u>Tea</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Urn mosses</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the order of true
mosses; -- so called because the capsules of many kinds are urn-
shaped.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Urn</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose in, or as in, an
urn; to inurn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> When horror universal shall descend,<BR>
And heaven's dark concave <i>urn</i> all human race.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Urn"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to an
urn; effected by an urn or urns.</def> "<i>Urnal</i> interments."  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Urn"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Urnfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as an urn will hold; enough
to fill an urn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Urn"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the shape of
an urn; as, the <i>urn-shaped</i> capsules of some mosses.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ro-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form fr. Gr. <grk>o'y^ron</grk>,
<i>urine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ro-</hw>. <def>A combining form from Gr. <grk>o'yra`</grk>, <i>the
tail</i>, the <i>caudal extremity</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*bi"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>uro-</i> +
<i>bile</i> + <i>-in</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow pigment
identical with hydrobilirubin, abundant in the highly colored urine of
fever, and also present in normal urine. See <u>Urochrome</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ro*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>uro</i> + Gr. &?;
tumor.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid swelling of the scrotum due to
extravasation of urine into it.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U`ro*cer"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
tail + &?;, &?;, horn.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of boring
Hymenoptera, including Tremex and allied genera. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Horntail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ro*chord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>uro-</i> +
<i>chord</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The central axis or cord in the
tail of larval ascidians and of certain adult tunicates.</def> [Written
also <i>urocord</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||U`ro*chor"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Urochord</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Tunicata</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*chor"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Urochorda.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ro*chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>uro-</i> + Gr.
&?; color.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow urinary pigment,
considered by Thudichum as the only pigment present in normal urine. It is
regarded by Maly as identical with <i>urobilin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"rochs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Aurochs</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ro*cord</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Urochord</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ro*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>uro-</i> +
<i>cyst</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The urinary bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U`ro*de"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr. &?; tail +
&?; visible.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An order of amphibians having the
tail well developed and often long. It comprises the salamanders, tritons,
and allied animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ro*dele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Urodela.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*de"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Urodela.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One of the Urodela.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*e*ryth"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Uro-</u>,
and <u>Erythrin</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A reddish urinary
pigment, considered as the substance which gives to the urine of rheumatism
its characteristic color. It also causes the red color often seen in
deposits of urates.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*gas"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [2d <i>uro-</i> +
<i>gastric</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Behind the stomach; -- said of
two lobes of the carapace of certain crustaceans.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*gen"i*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [1st <i>uro-</i> +
<i>genital</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Urinogenital</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*glau"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>uro-</i> + L.
<i>glaucus</i> bright.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A body identical with
indigo blue, occasionally found in the urine in degeneration of the
kidneys. It is readily formed by oxidation or decomposition of
indican.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*h&aelig;m"a*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>uro-</i>
+ <i>h&aelig;matin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Urinary
h&aelig;matin; -- applied to the normal coloring matter of the urine, on
the supposition that it is formed either directly or indirectly (through
bilirubin) from the h&aelig;matin of the blood. See <u>Urochrome</u>, and
<u>Urobilin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*hy"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [2d <i>uro-</i> + the Gr.
letter &UPSILON;.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to one or more
median and posterior elements in the hyoidean arch of fishes.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A urohyal bone or cartilage.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*rol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>uro-</i> + <i>-
logy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <u>Uronology</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ro*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>uro-</i> + <i>-
mere</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the abdominal segments of an
arthropod.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; urine + <i>-
logy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>That part of medicine which treats of
urine.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ro*pod</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>uro-</i> + <i>-
pod</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of the abdominal appendages of a
crustacean, especially one of the posterior ones, which are often larger
than the rest, and different in structure, and are used chiefly in
locomotion. See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Crustacea</u>, and
<u>Stomapoda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*rop"o*dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a uropod.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*po*et"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [1st <i>uro-</i> + Gr.
&?; to make.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing, or favoring the
production of, urine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, a system of organs which eliminate nitrogenous waste matter
from the blood of certain invertebrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*pyg"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Uropygium</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the uropygium, or prominence at the
base of the tail feathers, in birds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Uropygial gland</b></col>, <cd>a peculiar sebaceous gland at the
base of the tail feathers in most birds. It secretes an oily fluid which is
spread over the feathers by preening.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||U`ro*pyg"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
(corrupted form) &?;; &?; the end of the os sacrum + &?; rump.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The prominence at the posterior extremity of a bird's
body, which supports the feathers of the tail; the rump; -- sometimes
called <i>pope's nose</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*sa"cral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [2d <i>uro-</i> +
<i>sacral</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to both the caudal and
sacral parts of the vertebral column; as, the <i>urosacral</i>
vertebr&aelig; of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*ros"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>uro-</i> + <i>-
scopy</i>: cf. F. <i>uroscopie</i>.] <def>The diagnosis of diseases by
inspection of urine.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ro*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>uro-</i> + <i>-
some</i> body.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The abdomen, or post-abdomen, of
arthropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ro*stege</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>uro-</i> + Gr. &?;
roof.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the plates on the under side of the
tail of a serpent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U*ros"te*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Urostea</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Urosteons</b></plw> (#). [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; the tail + &?; a bone.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A median
ossification back of the lophosteon in the sternum of some birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*ster"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>uro-</i> +
<i>sternum</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sternal, or under piece, of
any one of the uromeres of insects and other arthropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ro*style</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>uro-</i> + Gr. &?;
a pillar.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A styliform process forming the posterior
extremity of the vertebral column in some fishes and amphibians.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"rox</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Aurochs</u>, and cf.
<u>Urus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The aurochs.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*rox"a*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of uroxanic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`rox*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Uric</i> +
<i>alloxan</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, an
acid, C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>8</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, which is
obtained, as a white crystalline substance, by the slow oxidation of uric
acid in alkaline solution.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ro*xan"thin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>uro-</i> +
<i>xanthin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Indican</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur*rho"din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [1st <i>uro-</i> + Gr. &?;
a rose.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Indigo red, a product of the
decomposition, or oxidation, of indican. It is sometimes found in the
sediment of pathological urines. It is soluble in ether or alcohol, giving
the solution a beautiful red color. Also called
<i>indigrubin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gael. <i>uir</i>,
<i>uireach</i>, mold, clay.] <def>A sort of blue or black clay lying near a
vein of coal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ursa</i> a she-bear,
also, a constellation, fem. of <i>ursus</i> a bear.  Cf. <u>Arctic</u>.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Either one of the Bears. See the Phrases
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ursa Major</b></col> [L.], <cd>the Great Bear, one of the most
conspicuous of the northern constellations. It is situated near the pole,
and contains the stars which form the <i>Dipper</i>, or <i>Charles's
Wain</i>, two of which are the <i>Pointers</i>, or stars which point
towards the North Star.</cd> -- <col><b>Ursa Minor</b></col> [L.], <cd>the
Little Bear, the constellation nearest the north pole. It contains the
north star, or polestar, which is situated in the extremity of the
tail.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ur"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
ursine seal. See the Note under 1st <u>Seal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"si*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ursus</i>,
<i>ursa</i>, a bear + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the shape of a
bear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"sine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ursinus</i>, from
<i>ursus</i> a bear. See <u>Ursa</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a bear;
resembling a bear.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ursine baboon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Chacma</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ursine dasyure</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Tasmanian devil.</cd> -- <col><b>Ursine
howler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the araguato. See <i>Illust.</i>
under <u>Howler</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ursine seal</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Sea bear</u>, and the Note under 1st
<u>Seal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ur"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Urchin</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Canada porcupine. See
<u>Porcupine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"suk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
bearded seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"su*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
beautiful North American butterfly (<i>Basilarchia, or Limenitis,
astyanax</i>). Its wings are nearly black with red and blue spots and
blotches. Called also <i>red-spotted purple</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"su*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>ursuline</i>.]
<i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>One of an order of nuns founded by St. Angela
Merici, at Brescia, in Italy, about the year 1537, and so called from
<i>St. Ursula</i>, under whose protection it was placed. The order was
introduced into Canada as early as 1639, and into the United States in
1727. The members are devoted entirely to education.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"su*line</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to St.
Ursula, or the order of Ursulines; as, the <i>Ursuline</i> nuns.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ur"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a bear.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Carnivora including the common
bears.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ur*ti"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a nettle.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of plants including the common nettles. See
<u>Nettle</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Ur`ti*ca"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to a natural order (<i>Urticace&aelig;</i>) of plants, of
which the nettle is the type. The order includes also the hop, the elm, the
mulberry, the fig, and many other plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling nettles; --
said of several natural orders allied to urticaceous plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ur`ti*ca"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Urtica</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The nettle rash, a disease characterized
by a transient eruption of red pimples and of wheals, accompanied with a
burning or stinging sensation and with itching; uredo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"ti*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Urticated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Urticating</u>.] <def>To sting with, or as with, nettles; to irritate;
to annoy.</def>  <i>G. A. Sala.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ur`ti*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
act or process of whipping or stinging with nettles; -- sometimes used in
the treatment of paralysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*ru*bu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Pg. <i>urub&uacute;</i>
a certain Brazilian bird.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The black vulture
(<i>Catharista atrata</i>). It ranges from the Southern United States to
South America. See <u>Vulture</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.; of Teutonic origin. See
<u>Aurochs</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large, powerful, and
savage extinct bovine animal (<i>Bos urus or primigenius</i>) anciently
abundant in Europe. It appears to have still existed in the time of Julius
C&aelig;sar. It had very large horns, and was hardly capable of
domestication. Called also, <i>ur</i>, <i>ure</i>, and
<i>tur</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ur"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The crab-eating ichneumon (<i>Herpestes urva</i>), native of India.
The fur is black, annulated with white at the tip of each hair, and a white
streak extends from the mouth to the shoulder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Us</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [OE. <i>us</i>, AS.
<i>&?;s</i>; akin to OFries. &amp; OS. <i>&?;s</i>, D. <i>ons</i>, G.
<i>uns</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>oss</i>, Dan. <i>os</i>, Goth. <i>uns</i>, L.
<i>nos</i> we, us, Gr. &?; we, Skr. <i>nas</i> us. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  Cf.
<u>Nostrum</u>, <u>Our</u>.] <def>The persons speaking, regarded as an
object; ourselves; -- the objective case of <i>we</i>. See <u>We</u>.</def>
"Tell <i>us</i> a tale."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Give <i>us</i> this day our daily bread.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. vi. 11.</i></p>

<p><hw>Us"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Us"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>usage</i>, LL.
<i>usaticum</i>. See <u>Use</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of using; mode of using or treating;
treatment; conduct with respect to a person or a thing; as, good
<i>usage</i>; ill <i>usage</i>; hard <i>usage</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My brother<BR>
Is prisoner to the bishop here, at whose hands<BR>
He hath good <i>usage</i> and great liberty.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Manners; conduct; behavior.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A gentle nymph was found,<BR>
Hight Astery, excelling all the crew<BR>
In courteous <i>usage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Long-continued practice; customary mode of
procedure; custom; habitual use; method.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It has now been, during many years, the grave and
decorous<BR>
<i>usage</i> of Parliaments to hear, in respectful silence, all
expressions, acceptable or unacceptable, which are uttered from the
throne.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Customary use or employment, as of a word or
phrase in a particular sense or signification.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Experience.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In eld [old age] is both wisdom and
<i>usage</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Custom; use; habit.  -- <u>Usage</u>, <u>Custom</u>.
These words, as here compared, agree in expressing the idea of habitual
practice; but a <i>custom</i> is not necessarily a <i>usage</i>. A
<i>custom</i> may belong to many, or to a single individual. A <i>usage</i>
properly belongs to the great body of a people. Hence, we speak of
<i>usage</i>, not of <i>custom</i>, as the law of language. Again, a
<i>custom</i> is merely that which has been <i>often</i> repeated, so as to
have become, in a good degree, established. A <i>usage</i> must be both
often repeated and of <i>long standing</i>. Hence, we speak of a "hew
<i>custom</i>," but not of a "new <i>usage</i>."  Thus, also, the
"<i>customs</i> of society" is not so strong an expression as the
"<i>usages</i> of society."  "<i>Custom</i>, a greater power than nature,
seldom fails to make them worship." <i>Locke.</i> "Of things once received
and confirmed by use, long <i>usage</i> is a law sufficient."
<i>Hooker.</i> In law, the words <i>usage</i> and <i>custom</i> are often
used interchangeably, but the word <i>custom</i> also has a technical and
restricted sense. See <u>Custom</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</p>

<p><! p. 1588 !></p>

<p><hw>Us"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>usager</i>.] <def>One
who has the use of anything in trust for another.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Us"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Use</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Use; usage; employment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Custom; practice; usage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gower.
Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Interest paid for money; usury.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>The time, fixed variously by the
usage between different countries, when a bill of exchange is payable; as,
a bill drawn on London at one <i>usance</i>, or at double
<i>usance</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Us"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF.] <def>Using;
accustomed.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Usant</i> for to steal."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Us"begs</hw> (?), <hw>Us"beks</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A Turkish tribe which about the close of the 15th
century conquered, and settled in, that part of Asia now called
Turkestan.</def> [Written also <i>Uzbecks</i>, and <i>Uzbeks</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Use</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>us</i> use, usage, L.
<i>usus</i>, from <i>uti</i>, p. p. <i>usus</i>, to use. See <u>Use</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of employing anything, or of applying it
to one's service; the state of being so employed or applied; application;
employment; conversion to some purpose; as, the <i>use</i> of a pen in
writing; his machines are in general <i>use</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Books can never teach the <i>use</i> of books.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This Davy serves you for good <i>uses</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When he framed<BR>
All things to man's delightful <i>use</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Occasion or need to employ; necessity; as, to
have no further <i>use</i> for a book.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Yielding of service; advantage derived;
capability of being used; usefulness; utility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God made two great lights, great for their <i>use</i><BR>
To man.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is <i>use</i> alone that sanctifies expense.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Continued or repeated practice; customary
employment; usage; custom; manner; habit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let later age that noble <i>use</i> envy.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How weary, stale, flat and unprofitable,<BR>
Seem to me all the <i>uses</i> of this world!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Common occurrence; ordinary experience.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O C&aelig;sar! these things are beyond all
<i>use</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The special form of ritual
adopted for use in any diocese; as, the Sarum, or Canterbury, <i>use</i>;
the Hereford <i>use</i>; the York <i>use</i>; the Roman <i>use</i>;
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From henceforth all the whole realm shall have but one
<i>use</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pref. to Book of Common Prayer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The premium paid for the possession and
employment of borrowed money; interest; usury.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art more obliged to pay duty and tribute, <i>use</i>
and principal, to him.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> [In this sense probably a corruption of OF.
<i>oes</i>, fr. L. <i>opus</i> need, business, employment, work.  Cf.
<u>Operate</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The benefit or profit of lands and
tenements. <i>Use</i> imports a trust and confidence reposed in a man for
the holding of lands. He to whose <i>use</i> or benefit the trust is
intended shall enjoy the profits. An estate is granted and limited to A for
the <i>use</i> of B.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Forging)</i> <def>A stab of iron welded to the
side of a forging, as a shaft, near the end, and afterward drawn down, by
hammering, so as to lengthen the forging.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Contingent</b></col>, or <col><b>Springing</b></col>,
<col><b>use</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a use to come into operation on a
future uncertain event.</cd> -- <col><b>In use</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In employment; in customary practice
observance.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>In heat; -- said especially of
mares.</cd> <i>J. H. Walsh.</i> -- <col><b>Of no use</b></col>,
<cd>useless; of no advantage.</cd> -- <col><b>Of use</b></col>, <cd>useful;
of advantage; profitable.</cd> -- <col><b>Out of use</b></col>, <cd>not in
employment.</cd> -- <col><b>Resulting use</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a
use, which, being limited by the deed, expires or can not vest, and results
or returns to him who raised it, after such expiration.</cd> --
<col><b>Secondary</b></col>, or <col><b>Shifting</b></col>,
<col><b>use</b></col>, <cd>a use which, though executed, may change from
one to another by circumstances.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>Statute
of uses</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the stat. 27 Henry VIII., cap. 10,
which transfers uses into possession, or which unites the use and
possession.</cd> -- <col><b>To make use of</b></col>, <col><b>To put to
use</b></col>, <cd>to employ; to derive service from; to use.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Use</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Used</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Using</u>.] [OE. <i>usen</i>, F. <i>user</i> to use, use up, wear out,
LL. <i>usare</i> to use, from L. <i>uti</i>, p. p. <i>usus</i>, to use, OL.
<i>oeti</i>, <i>oesus</i>; of uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Utility</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make use of; to convert to one's service; to
avail one's self of; to employ; to put a purpose; as, to <i>use</i> a plow;
to <i>use</i> a chair; to <i>use</i> time; to <i>use</i> flour for food; to
<i>use</i> water for irrigation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Launcelot Gobbo, <i>use</i> your legs.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some other means I have which may be
<i>used</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To behave toward; to act with regard to; to
treat; as, to <i>use</i> a beast cruelly.</def> "I will <i>use</i> him
well."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How wouldst thou <i>use</i> me now?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cato has <i>used</i> me ill.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To practice customarily; to make a practice of;
as, to <i>use</i> diligence in business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Use</i> hospitality one to another.</blockquote> <i>1
Pet. iv. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To accustom; to habituate; to render familiar by
practice; to inure; -- employed chiefly in the passive participle; as, men
<i>used</i> to cold and hunger; soldiers <i>used</i> to hardships and
danger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am so <i>used</i> in the fire to blow.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou with thy compeers,<BR>
<i>Used</i> to the yoke, draw'st his triumphant wheels.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To use one's self</b></col>, <cd>to behave.</cd> [Obs.] "Pray,
forgive me, if I have <i>used myself</i> unmannerly." <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>To use up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To consume or exhaust
by using; to leave nothing of; as, <i>to use up</i> the supplies.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To exhaust; to tire out; to leave no capacity of
force or use in; to overthrow; as, he was <i>used up</i> by fatigue.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Employ.  -- <u>Use</u>, <u>Employ</u>. We <i>use</i> a
thing, or <i>make use</i> of it, when we derive from it some enjoyment or
service. We <i>employ</i> it when we turn that service into a particular
channel. We <i>use</i> words to express our general meaning; we
<i>employ</i> certain technical terms in reference to a given subject. To
<i>make use of</i>, implies passivity in the thing; as, to <i>make use
of</i> a pen; and hence there is often a material difference between the
two words when applied to persons.  To speak of "<i>making use</i> of
another" generally implies a degrading idea, as if we had <i>used</i> him
as a tool; while <i>employ</i> has no such sense. A confidential friend is
<i>employed</i> to negotiate; an inferior agent is <i>made use of</i> on an
intrigue.</p>

<p><blockquote>I would, my son, that thou wouldst <i>use</i> the power<BR>
Which thy discretion gives thee, to control<BR>
And manage all.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To study nature will thy time <i>employ</i>:<BR>
Knowledge and innocence are perfect joy.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Use</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be
wont or accustomed; to be in the habit or practice; as, he <i>used</i> to
ride daily; -- now disused in the present tense, perhaps because of the
similarity in sound, between "<i>use</i> to," and "<i>used</i>
to."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>use</i> to place him that shall be their captain on
a stone.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fears <i>use</i> to be represented in an
imaginary.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus we <i>use</i> to say, it is the room that smokes, when
indeed it is the fire in the room.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now Moses <i>used</i> to take the tent and to pitch it
without the camp.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxxiii. 7 (Rev. Ver.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be accustomed to go; to frequent; to inhabit;
to dwell; -- sometimes followed by <i>of</i>.</def> [Obs.] "Where never
foot did <i>use</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>useth</i> every day to a merchant's
house.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye valleys low, where the mild whispers <i>use</i><BR>
Of shades, and wanton winds, and gushing brooks.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Use"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of use, advantage,
or profit; producing, or having power to produce, good; serviceable for any
end or object; helpful toward advancing any purpose; beneficial;
profitable; advantageous; as, vessels and instruments <i>useful</i> in a
family; books <i>useful</i> for improvement; <i>useful</i> knowledge;
<i>useful</i> arts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To what can I <i>useful</i>!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Use"ful*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a useful
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Use"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being useful; utility; serviceableness; advantage.</def>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Utility; value; profit. See <u>Utility</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Use"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having, or being of, no
use; unserviceable; producing no good end; answering no valuable purpose;
not advancing the end proposed; unprofitable; ineffectual; as, a
<i>useless</i> garment; <i>useless</i> pity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not to sit idle with so great a gift<BR>
<i>Useless</i>, and thence ridiculous.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fruitless; ineffectual.  -- <u>Useless</u>,
<u>Fruitless</u>, <u>Ineffectual</u>. We speak of an attempt, effort, etc.,
as being <i>useless</i> when there are in it inherent difficulties which
forbid the hope of success, as <i>fruitless</i> when it fails, not from any
such difficulties, but from some unexpected hindrance arising to frustrate
it; as, the design was rendered <i>fruitless</i> by the death of its
projector. <i>Ineffectual</i> nearly resembles <i>fruitless</i>, but
implies a failure of a less hopeless character; as, after several
<i>ineffectual</i> efforts, I at last succeeded.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Useless</i> are all words<BR>
Till you have writ "performance" with your swords.<BR>
The other is for waiving.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Waiving all searches into antiquity, in relation to this
controversy, as being either needless or <i>fruitless</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Even our blessed Savior's preaching, who spake as never man
spake, was <i>ineffectual</i> to many.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Use"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Use"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Us"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
uses.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Enjoyment of property; use.</def>
<i>Mozley &amp; W.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ush"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ussher</i>,
<i>uschere</i>, OF. <i>ussier</i>, <i>uisser</i>, <i>oissier</i>,
<i>hussier</i>, <i>huissier</i>, fr. L. <i>ostiarius</i> a doorkeeper, fr.
<i>ostium</i> a door, entrance, fr. <i>os</i> mouth. See <u>Oral</u>, and
cf. <u>Ostiary</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An officer or servant who has the care of the
door of a court, hall, chamber, or the like; hence, an officer whose
business it is to introduce strangers, or to walk before a person of rank.
Also, one who escorts persons to seats in a church, theater, etc.</def>
"The <i>ushers</i> and the squires."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These are the <i>ushers</i> of Marcius.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; There are various officers of this kind attached to the royal
household in England, including the gentleman usher of the black rod, who
attends in the House of Peers during the sessions of Parliament, and twelve
or more gentlemen ushers. See <u>Black rod</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An under teacher, or assistant master, in a
school.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ush"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Ushered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Ushering</u>.]
<def>To introduce or escort, as an usher, forerunner, or harbinger; to
forerun; -- sometimes followed by <i>in</i> or <i>forth</i>; as, to
<i>usher</i> in a stranger; to <i>usher</i> forth the guests; to
<i>usher</i> a visitor into the room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stars that <i>usher</i> evening rose.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Examiner was <i>ushered</i> into the world by a letter,
setting forth the great genius of the author.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ush"er*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of ushering,
or the state of being ushered in.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shaftesbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ush"er*dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
position of an usher; ushership; also, ushers, collectively.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ush"er*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of an
usher.</def>  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ush"er*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of an usher;
usherdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Us"i*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>usitari</i> to
use often.] <def>Denoting usual or customary action.</def> "The
<i>usitative</i> aorist."  <i>Alford.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Us"ne*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Ar. <i>usnah</i>
moss.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of lichens, most of the species of which
have long, gray, pendulous, and finely branched fronds. <i>Usnea
barbata</i> is the common bearded lichen which grows on branches of trees
in northern forests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Us"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining
to, or designating, a complex acid obtained, as a yellow crystalline
substance, from certain genera of lichens  (<i>Usnea</i>, <i>Parmelia</i>,
etc.).</def></p>

<p><hw>Us"que*baugh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. or Gael. <i>uisge
beatha</i>, literally, water of life; <i>uisge</i> water + <i>beatha</i>
life; akin to Gr. <grk>bi`os</grk> life. See <u>Quick</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Whisky</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A compound distilled spirit made in Ireland and
Scotland; whisky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Scottish returns being vested in grouse, white hares,
pickled salmon, and <i>usquebaugh</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A liquor compounded of brandy, or other strong
spirit, raisins, cinnamon and other spices.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Us`self"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Ourselves.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif. Piers Plowman. Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Us"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ustio</i>, fr.
<i>urere</i>, <i>ustum</i>, to burn: cf. F. <i>ustion</i>.] <def>The act of
burning, or the state of being burned.</def> [R.]  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Us*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>urere</i>,
<i>ustum</i>, to burn.] <def>Having the quality of burning.</def> [R.]
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Us"tu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ustulatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>ustulare</i> to scorch, <i>urere</i> to burn.] <def>Blackened as
if burned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Us`tu*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ustulation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of burning or searing.</def> [R.] <i>Sir
W. Petty.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>The operation of expelling
one substance from another by heat, as sulphur or arsenic from ores, in a
muffle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The roasting
or drying of moist substances so as prepare them for pulverizing.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The burning of wine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Lascivious passion; concupiscence.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is not certain that they took the better part when they
chose <i>ustulation</i> before marriage, expressly against the
apostle.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"su*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>usualis</i>, from
<i>usus</i> use: cf. F. <i>usuel</i>. See <u>Use</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Such as is in common use; such as occurs in ordinary practice, or in
the ordinary course of events; customary; ordinary; habitual;
common.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Consultation with oracles was a thing very <i>usual</i> and
frequent in their times.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We can make friends of these <i>usual</i>
enemies.</blockquote> <i>Baxter.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>U"su*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>U"su*al*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>U`su*cap"tion</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>usucapere</i>, <i>usucaptum</i>, to acquire by long use; <i>usu</i>
(ablative of <i>usus</i> use) + <i>capere</i> to take: cf. <i>usucapio</i>
usucaption.] <i>(Roman Law)</i> <def>The acquisition of the title or right
to property by the uninterrupted possession of it for a certain term
prescribed by law; -- the same as <i>prescription</i> in common
law.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"su*fruct</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>usufructus</i>, <i>ususfructus</i>, <i>usus et fructus</i>; <i>usus</i>
use + <i>fructus</i> fruit.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>The right of using and
enjoying the profits of an estate or other thing belonging to another,
without impairing the substance.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`su*fruc"tu*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>usufructuarius</i>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person who has the use of
property and reaps the profits of it.</def>  <i>Wharton.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`su*fruc"tu*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a usufruct; having the nature of a usufruct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ordinary graces bequeathed by Christ to his church, as
the <i>usufructuary</i> property of all its members.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>U`su*ra"ri*ous</hw> (?), <hw>U"su*ra*ry</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>usurarius</i> that serves for use, that pays
interest. See <u>Usurer</u>.] <def>Usurious.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Usurarious</i> contracts."  <i>Jer. Taylor. Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"sure</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Usured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Usuring</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>usurer</i>, LL. <i>usurare</i>.] <def>To
practice usury; to charge unlawful interest.</def> [Obs.] "The
<i>usuring</i>b senate."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>usured</i> not ne to me <i>usured</i> any
man.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Jer. xv. 10).</i></p>

<p><hw>U"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Usury.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Foul <i>usure</i> and lucre of villainy.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"su*rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>usurier</i>, LL.
<i>usurarius</i>. See <u>Usury</u>, and cf. <u>Usurarious</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who lends money and takes interest for it; a
money lender.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If thou lend money to any of my people that is poor by thee,
thou shalt not be to him as a <i>usurer</i>, neither shalt thou lay upon
him usury.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxii. 25.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who lends money at a rate of interest beyond
that established by law; one who exacts an exorbitant rate of interest for
the use of money.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was wont to call me <i>usurer</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*su"ri*ous</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Usury</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Practicing usury; taking illegal or exorbitant
interest for the use of money; as, a <i>usurious</i> person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Partaking of usury; containing or involving
usury; as, a <i>usurious</i> contract.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>U*su"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>U*su"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>U*surp"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Usurped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Usurping</u>.] [L. <i>usurpare</i>, <i>usurpatum</i>, to make use of,
enjoy, get possession of, usurp; the first part of <i>usurpare</i> is akin
to <i>usus</i> use (see <u>Use</u>, n.): cf. F. <i>usurper</i>.] <def>To
seize, and hold in possession, by force, or without right; as, to
<i>usurp</i> a throne; to <i>usurp</i> the prerogatives of the crown; to
<i>usurp</i> power; to <i>usurp</i> the right of a patron is to oust or
dispossess him.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alack, thou dost <i>usurp</i> authority.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Another revolution, to get rid of this illegitimate and
<i>usurped</i> government, would of course be perfectly
justifiable.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Usurp</i> is applied to seizure and use of office, functions,
powers, rights, etc.; it is not applied to common dispossession of private
property.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To arrogate; assume; appropriate.</p>

<p><hw>U*surp"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To commit forcible
seizure of place, power, functions, or the like, without right; to commit
unjust encroachments; to be, or act as, a usurper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The parish churches on which the Presbyterians and fanatics
had <i>usurped</i>.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And now the Spirits of the Mind<BR>
Are busy with poor Peter Bell;<BR>
Upon the rights of visual sense<BR>
<i>Usurping</i>, with a prevalence<BR>
More terrible than magic spell.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*surp"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>usurpans</i>, p.
pr.] <def>Usurping; encroaching.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`sur*pa"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>usurpatio
&?;</i> making use, usurpation: cf. F. <i>usurpation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of usurping, or of seizing and enjoying;
an authorized, arbitrary assumption and exercise of power, especially an
infringing on the rights of others; specifically, the illegal seizure of
sovereign power; -- commonly used with <i>of</i>, also used with <i>on</i>
or <i>upon</i>; as, the <i>usurpation</i> of a throne; the
<i>usurpation</i> of the supreme power.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1589 !></p>

<p><blockquote>He contrived their destruction, with the <i>usurpation</i>
of the regal dignity upon him.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A law [of a State] which is a <i>usurpation</i> upon the
general government.</blockquote> <i>O. Ellsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Manifest <i>usurpation</i> on the rights of other
States.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Usurpation</i>, in a peculiar sense, formerly denoted the
absolute ouster and dispossession of the patron of a church, by a stranger
presenting a clerk to a vacant benefice, who us thereupon admitted and
instituted.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Use; usage; custom.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp.
Pearson.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*surp"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>usurpatorius</i>.] <def>Marked by usurpation; usurping.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>U*surp"a*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Usurpation.</def>
[R.] "Beneath man's <i>usurpature</i>."  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*surp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who usurps;
especially, one who seizes illegally on sovereign power; as, the
<i>usurper</i> of a throne, of power, or of the rights of a
patron.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A crown will not want pretenders to claim it, not
<i>usurpers</i>, if their power serves them, to possess it.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*surp"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a usurping
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"su*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>usurie</i>,
<i>usure</i>, F. <i>usure</i>, L. <i>usura</i> use, usury, interest, fr.
<i>uti</i>, p. p. <i>usus</i>, to use. See <u>Use</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A premium or increase paid, or stipulated to be
paid, for a loan, as of money; interest.</def> [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not lend upon <i>usury</i> to thy brother;
<i>usury</i> of money, <i>usury</i> of victuals, <i>usury</i> of anything
that is lent upon <i>usury</i>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxiii. 19.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou oughtest therefore to have put my money to the
exchanges, and then at my coming I should have received mine own with
<i>usury</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxv. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What he borrows from the ancients, he repays with
<i>usury</i> of &?;&?;is own.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The practice of taking interest.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Usury</i> . . . bringeth the treasure of a realm or state
into a few &?;&?;nds.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Interest in excess of a legal rate
charged to a borrower for the use of money.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The practice of requiring in repayment of money lent anything
more than the amount lent, was formerly thought to be a great moral wrong,
and the greater, the more was taken. Now it is not deemed more wrong to
take pay for the use of money than for the use of a house, or a horse, or
any other property. But the lingering influence of the former opinion,
together with the fact that the nature of money makes it easier for the
lender to oppress the borrower, has caused nearly all Christian nations to
fix by law the rate of compensation for the use of money. Of late years,
however, the opinion that money should be borrowed and repaid, or bought
and sold, upon whatever terms the parties should agree to, like any other
property, has gained ground everywhere.  <i>Am. Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>The first note
in Guido's musical scale, now usually superseded by <i>do</i>. See
<u>Solmization</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"tas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>huitieves</i>,
<i>witieves</i>, <i>witaves</i>, <i>oitieves</i>, pl. of <i>huitieve</i>,
<i>witieve</i>, etc., eighth, L. <i>octavus</i>. See <u>Octave</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>utis</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>The eighth day after any
term or feast; the octave; as, the <i>utas</i> of St. Michael.</def>
<i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The marriage was celebrated and Canterbury, and in the
<i>utas</i> of St. Hilary next ensuing she was crowned.</blockquote>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, festivity; merriment.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*ten"sil</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>utensile</i>,
<i>ustensile</i>, L. <i>utensile</i>, fr. <i>utensilis</i> that may be
used, fit for use, fr. <i>uti</i>, p. p. <i>usus</i>, to use. See
<u>Use</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>That which is used; an
instrument; an implement; especially, an instrument or vessel used in a
kitchen, or in domestic and farming business.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wagons fraught with <i>utensils</i> of war.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"ter*ine</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>uterinus</i>
born of the same mother, from <i>uterus</i> womb: cf. F.
<i>ut&eacute;rin</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or instrument to the uterus, or
womb.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Born of the same mother, but by a different
father.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Walter Pope, <i>uterine</i> brother to Dr. Joh.
Wilki&?;&?;.</blockquote> <i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`te*ro*ges*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Uterus</i> +
<i>gestation</i>.] <def>Gestation in the womb from conception to birth;
pregnancy.</def>  <i>Pritchard.</i></p>

<p><hw>U`te*ro*vag"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Uterus</i> +
<i>vaginal</i>.] <def>Pertaining to both the uterus and the
vagina.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"te*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The organ of a female mammal in which the young are
developed previous to birth; the womb.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The uterus is simply an enlargement of the oviduct, and in the
lower mammals there is one on each side, but in the higher forms the two
become more or less completely united into one. In many male mammals there
is a small vesicle, opening into the urinogenital canal, which corresponds
to the uterus of the female and is called the <i>male uterus</i>, or [NL.]
<i>uterus masculinus</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A receptacle, or pouch,
connected with the oviducts of many invertebrates in which the eggs are
retained until they hatch or until the embryos develop more or less. See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Hermaphrodite</u> in Append.</def></p>

<p><hw>Utes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Ute</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>An extensive tribe of
North American Indians of the Shoshone stock, inhabiting Colorado, Utah,
New Mexico, Arizona, and adjacent regions. They are subdivided into several
subordinate tribes, some of which are among the most degraded of North
American Indians.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of large West Indian rodents of the genus <i>Capromys</i>,
or <i>Utia</i>. In general appearance and habits they resemble rats, but
they are as large as rabbits.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ti*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [So called from <i>Utica</i>,
in New York.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, a
subdivision of the Trenton Period of the Lower Silurian, characterized in
the State of New York by beds of shale.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>utilis</i>, fr.
<i>uti</i> to use: cf. F. <i>utile</i>. See <u>Use</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>Profitable; useful.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>U*til`i*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Utility</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to utility; consisting in
utility; &?;iming at utility as distinguished from beauty, ornament, etc.;
sometimes, reproachfully, evincing, or characterized by, a regard for
utility of a lower kind, or marked by a sordid spirit; as,
<i>utilitarian</i> narrowness; a <i>utilitarian</i> indifference to
art.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to utilitarianism; supporting
utilitarianism; as, the <i>utilitarian</i> view of morality; the
<i>Utilitarian</i> Society.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*til`i*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds
the doctrine of utilitarianism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>utilitarians</i> are for merging all the particular
virtues into one, and would substitute in their place the greatest
usefulness, as the alone principle to which every question respecting the
morality of actions should be referred.</blockquote> <i>Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But what is a <i>utilitarian</i>? Simply one who prefers the
useful to the useless; and who does not?</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*til`i*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine that the greatest happiness of the
greatest number should be the end and aim of all social and political
institutions.</def>  <i>Bentham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine that virtue is founded in utility,
or that virtue is defined and enforced by its tendency to promote the
highest happiness of the universe.</def>  <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The doctrine that utility is the sole standard
of morality, so that the rectitude of an action is determined by its
usefulness.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>utilite</i>, F.
<i>utilit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>utilitas</i>, fr. <i>utilis</i> useful. See
<u>Utile</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being useful;
usefulness; production of good; profitableness to some valuable end; as,
the <i>utility</i> of manure upon land; the <i>utility</i> of the sciences;
the <i>utility</i> of medicines.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>utility</i> of the enterprises was, however, so great
and obvious that all opposition proved useless.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i> <def>Adaptation to satisfy the
desires or wants; intrinsic value. See Note under <u>Value</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Value in use is <i>utility</i>, and nothing else, and in
political economy should be called by that name and no other.</blockquote>
<i>F. A. Walker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Happiness; the greatest good, or happiness, of
the greatest number, -- the foundation of utilitarianism.</def>  <i>J. S.
Mill.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Usefulness; advantageous; benefit; profit; avail;
service.  -- <u>Utility</u>, <u>Usefulness</u>. <i>Usefulness</i> has an
Anglo-Saxon prefix, <i>utility</i> is Latin; and hence the former is used
chiefly of things in the <i>concrete</i>, while the latter is employed more
in a <i>general</i> and <i>abstract</i> sense. Thus, we speak of the
<i>utility</i> of an invention, and the <i>usefulness</i> of the thing
invented; of the <i>utility</i> of an institution, and the
<i>usefulness</i> of an individual. So <i>beauty</i> and <i>utility</i>
(not <i>usefulness</i>) are brought into comparison. Still, the words are
often used interchangeably.</p>

<p><hw>U"til*i`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
utilized; as, the <i>utilizable</i> products of the gas works.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`til*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>utilization</i>.] <def>The act of utilizing, or the state of being
utilized.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"til*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Utilized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Utilizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>utiliser</i>.] <def>To make useful; to
turn to profitable account or use; to make use of; as, to <i>utilize</i>
the whole power of a machine; to <i>utilize</i> one's
opportunities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In former ages, the mile-long corridors, with their numerous
alcoves, might have been <i>utilized</i> as . . . dungeons.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||U`ti pos`si*de"tis</hw> (?). [L., as you possess.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Internat. Law)</i> <def>The basis or principle of
a treaty which leaves belligerents mutually in possession of what they have
acquired by their arms during the war.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Roman Law)</i> <def>A species of interdict
granted to one who was in possession of an immovable thing, in order that
he might be declared the legal possessor.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>U"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Utas</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ut"la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Outlawry.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ut"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>utmeste</i>,
<i>utemest</i>, AS. <i>&?;temest</i>, a superlative fr. <i>&?;te</i> out.
&?;&?;&?;&?;. See <u>Out</u>, and cf. <u>Aftermost</u>, <u>Outmost</u>,
<u>Uttermost</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Situated at the farthest point or extremity;
farthest out; most distant; extreme; as, the <i>utmost</i> limits of the
land; the <i>utmost</i> extent of human knowledge.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We coasted within two leagues of Antibes, which is the
<i>utmost</i> town in France.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Betwixt two thieves I spend my <i>utmost</i>
breath.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being in the greatest or highest degree,
quantity, number, or the like; greatest; as, the <i>utmost</i> assiduity;
the <i>utmost</i> harmony; the <i>utmost</i> misery or happiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall answer . . . to his <i>utmost</i>
peril.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Six or seven thousand is their <i>utmost</i>
power.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ut"most`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The most that can be; the
farthest limit; the greatest power, degree, or effort; as, he has done his
<i>utmost</i>; try your <i>utmost</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We have tried the <i>utmost</i> of our friends.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*to"pi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.  not + &?; a
place.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An imaginary island, represented by Sir Thomas
More, in a work called <i>Utopia</i>, as enjoying the greatest perfection
in politics, laws, and the like. See <u>Utopia</u>, in the Dictionary of
Noted Names in Fiction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any place or state of ideal
perfection.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*to"pi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Utopia; resembling Utopia; hence, ideal; chimerical; fanciful; founded
upon, or involving, imaginary perfections; as, <i>Utopian</i> projects;
<i>Utopian</i> happiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*to"pi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of Utopia;
hence, one who believes in the perfectibility of human society; a
visionary; an idealist; an optimist.</def>  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*to"pi*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The ideas, views,
aims, etc., of a Utopian; impracticable schemes of human perfection;
optimism.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*to"pi*an*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Utopian; an
optimist.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*to"pic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Utopian;
ideal.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Utopical</i> perfection."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*to"pist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Utopian.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"tra*quist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>uterque</i>, fem.
<i>utraque</i>, both.] <def>One who receives the eucharist in both kinds;
esp., one of a body of Hussites who in the 15th century fought for the
right to do this. Called also <i>Calixtines</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"tri*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>utriculus</i> a
little womb, a calycle, dim. of <i>uter</i>, <i>utris</i>, a bag or bottle
made of an animal's hide: cf. F. <i>utricule</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little sac or vesicle, as the air cell of
fucus, or seaweed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A microscopic cell in the
structure of an egg, animal, or plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small, thin-walled, one-seeded
fruit, as of goosefoot.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A utriculus.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*tric"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>utriculaire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a utricle, or utriculus;
containing, or furnished with, a utricle or utricles; utriculate; as, a
<i>utricular</i> plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a utricle or bag, whether large or
minute; -- said especially with reference to the condition of certain
substances, as sulphur, selenium, etc., when condensed from the vaporous
state and deposited upon cold bodies, in which case they assume the form of
small globules filled with liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U*tric`u*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of aquatic flowering plants, in which the
submersed leaves bear many little utricles, or ascidia. See
<u>Ascidium</u>,</def></p>

<p><hw>U*tric"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a
bladder; swollen like a bladder; inflated; utricular.</def>
<i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*tric"u*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>utriculus</i> a
little womb, a calycle + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>Resembling a bladder;
utricular; utriculate.</def>  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>U*tric"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a little womb or
matrix, a calycle.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A little sac, or bag; a utricle;
especially, a part of the membranous labyrinth of the ear. See the Note
under <u>Ear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"tro-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to indicate
<i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the uterus</i>; as in
<i>utro-</i>ovarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>utter</i>, originally
the same word as <i>outer</i>. See <u>Out</u>, and cf. <u>Outer</u>,
<u>Utmost</u>.] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Outer.</def> "Thine <i>utter</i> eyen."
<i>Chaucer.</i> [Obs.] "By him a shirt and <i>utter</i> mantle laid."
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As doth an hidden moth<BR>
The inner garment fret, not th' <i>utter</i> touch.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Situated on the outside, or extreme limit;
remote from the center; outer.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Through <i>utter</i> and through middle darkness
borne.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The very <i>utter</i> part pf Saint Adelmes point is five
miles from Sandwich.</blockquote> <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Complete; perfect; total; entire; absolute; as,
<i>utter</i> ruin; <i>utter</i> darkness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . are <i>utter</i> strangers to all those anxious
thoughts which disquiet mankind.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Peremptory; unconditional; unqualified; final;
as, an <i>utter</i> refusal or denial.</def>  <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Utter bar</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the whole body of junior
barristers.</cd> See <i>Outer bar</i>, under 1st <u>Outer</u>. [Eng.] --
<col><b>Utter barrister</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one recently admitted
as barrister, who is accustomed to plead without, or outside, the bar, as
distinguished from the <i>benchers</i>, who are sometimes permitted to
plead within the bar.</cd> [Eng.]  <i>Cowell.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Ut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Uttered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Uttering</u>.]
[OE. <i>outren</i>, freq. of <i>outen</i> to utter, put out, AS.
<i>&umacr;tian</i> to put out, eject, fr. <i>&umacr;t</i> out. &radic;198.
See <u>Out</u>, and cf. <u>Utter</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put forth or out; to reach out.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How bragly [proudly] it begins to bud,<BR>
And <i>utter</i> his tender head.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dispose of in trade; to sell or vend.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such mortal drugs I have, but Mantua's law<BR>
Is death to any he that <i>utters</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They bring it home, and <i>utter</i> it commonly by the name
of Newfoundland fish.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Abbot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>hence, to put in circulation, as money; to put
off, as currency; to cause to pass in trade; -- often used, specifically,
of the issue of counterfeit notes or coins, forged or fraudulent documents,
and the like; as, to <i>utter</i> coin or bank notes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The whole kingdom should continue in a firm resolution never
to receive or <i>utter</i> this fatal coin.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give public expression to; to disclose; to
publish; to speak; to pronounce.</def> "Sweet as from blest,
<i>uttering</i> joy."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The words I <i>utter</i><BR>
Let none think flattery, for they 'll find 'em truth.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the last words he <i>uttered</i> called me
cruel.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To deliver; give forth; issue; liberate; discharge;
pronounce. See <u>Deliver</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ut"ter*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
uttered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ut"ter*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of uttering.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Sale by offering to the public.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Putting in circulation; as, the
<i>utterance</i> of false coin, or of forged notes.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Vocal expression; articulation;
speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At length gave <i>utterance</i> to these words.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power or style of speaking; as, a good
<i>utterance</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit
gave them <i>utterance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts ii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, how unlike<BR>
To that large <i>utterance</i> of the early gods!</blockquote>
<i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ut"ter*ance</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>outrance</i>. See
<u>Outrance</u>.] <def>The last extremity; the end; death; outrance.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Annibal forced those captives whom he had taken of our men
to skirmish one against another to the <i>utterance</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ut"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who utters.</def>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ut"ter*est</hw>, obs. <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of <u>Utter</u>.
<def>Uttermost.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the <i>utterest</i> proof of her courage.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ut"ter*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of being
uttered.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A clamoring debate of <i>utterless</i> things.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ut"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In an utter manner; to
the full extent; fully; totally; as, <i>utterly</i> ruined; it is
<i>utterly</i> vain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ut"ter*more`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Uttermost</u>.]
<def>Further; outer; utter.</def> [Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ut"ter*most</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Utter</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>; cf. <u>Utmost</u>, and <u>Outermost</u>.]
<def>Extreme; utmost; being; in the farthest, greatest, or highest degree;
as, the <i>uttermost</i> extent or end.</def> "In this <i>uttermost</i>
distress."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1590 !></p>

<p><hw>Ut"ter*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The utmost; the
highest or greatest degree; the farthest extent.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore he is able also to save them to the
<i>uttermost</i> that come unto God by him.</blockquote> <i>Heb. vii.
25.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He cannot have sufficient honor done unto him; but the
<i>uttermost</i> we can do, we must.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ut"ter*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being utter, or extreme; extremity; utmost; uttermost.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||U"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a grape.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A small pulpy or juicy fruit containing several seeds and having a
thin skin, as a grape.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>uva</i> grape.] <def>A
conserve made of grapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U`va-ur"si</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>uva</i>
grape + <i>ursus</i> bear.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The bearberry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U"ve*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>uva</i>
grape.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The posterior pigmented layer of the iris; --
sometimes applied to the whole iris together with the choroid
coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"ve*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Uvea</u>.]
<def>Resembling a grape.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"vic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>uva</i> grape.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, grapes; specifically,
designating an organic acid, C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (also
called <i>pyrotritartaric acid</i>), obtained as a white crystalline
substance by the decomposition of tartaric and pyrotartaric
acids.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*vit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L. <i>uva</i> a grape.
So called because it may be produced indirectly from tartaric acid, which
is found in the grape.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
an acid,
CH<sub>3</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>(CO<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>2</sub>,
obtained as a white crystalline substance by the partial oxidation of
mesitylene; -- called also <i>mesitic acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`vi*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, an acid which is obtained as a white
crystalline substance by the action of ammonia on pyrotartaric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"vrou</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Euphroe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U"vu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim of L. <i>uva</i>
a grape, the uvula.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The pendent fleshy lobe in the
middle of the posterior border of the soft palate.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term is also applied to a somewhat similar lobe on the under
side of the cerebellum and to another on the inner surface of the neck of
the bladder.</p>

<p><hw>U"vu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a uvula.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"vu*la*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Uvula</i> + Gr. &?;
to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument for removing the
uvula.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`vu*lat"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The
operation of removing the uvula.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*wa"ro*wite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Ouvarovite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ux*o"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Uxorious</u>.]
<def>Dotingly fond of, or servilely submissive to, a wife; uxorious; also,
becoming a wife; pertaining to a wife.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The speech [of Zipporah, Ex. iv. 25] is not a speech of
reproach or indignation, but of <i>uxorial</i> endearment.</blockquote>
<i>Geddes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ux*or"i*ci`dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to uxoricide; tending to uxoricide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ux*or"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>uxor</i> wife +
<i>caedere</i> to kill.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The murder of a wife by her husband.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who murders his wife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ux*o"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>uxorius</i>, fr.
<i>uxor</i> a wife.] <def>Excessively fond of, or submissive to, a wife;
being a dependent husband.</def> "<i>Uxorious</i> magistrates."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How wouldst thou insult,<BR>
When I must live <i>uxorious</i> to thy will<BR>
In perfect thraldom!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Uxo*o"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ux*o"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <wf>n</wf>.</p>

<p><hw>||U"ze*ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Burman measure of
twelve miles.</def></p>

<p><point26>V.</point26></p>

<p><hw>V</hw> (v&emacr;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>V, the twenty-second
letter of the English alphabet, is a vocal consonant. V and U are only
varieties of the same character, U being the cursive form, while V is
better adapted for engraving, as in stone. The two letters were formerly
used indiscriminately, and till a comparatively recent date words
containing them were often classed together in dictionaries and other books
of reference (see <u>U</u>). The letter V is from the Latin alphabet, where
it was used both as a consonant (about like English <i>w</i>) and as a
vowel. The Latin derives it from it from a form (V) of the Greek vowel
&UPSILON; (see <u>Y</u>), this Greek letter being either from the same
Semitic letter as the digamma <universbold>F</universbold> (see <u>F</u>),
or else added by the Greeks to the alphabet which they took from the
Semitic. Etymologically <i>v</i> is most nearly related to <i>u</i>,
<i>w</i>, <i>f</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>p</i>; as in <i>v</i>ine, <i>w</i>ine;
a<i>v</i>oirdupois, ha<i>b</i>it, ha<i>v</i>e; sa<i>f</i>e, sa<i>v</i>e;
tro<i>v</i>er, trou<i>b</i>adour, tro<i>p</i>e. See U, F, etc.</def></p>

<p>See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect; 265; also &sect;&sect; 155,
169, 178-179, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As a numeral, V stands for five, in English and
Latin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vaag"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>v&amacr;gmeri</i>
a kind of flounder, literally, wave mare.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
dealfish.</def> [Written also <i>vaagm&aelig;r</i>, and
<i>vaagmar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Va"can*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vacancies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. F. <i>vacance</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being vacant; emptiness;
hence, freedom from employment; intermission; leisure; idleness;
listlessness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All dispositions to idleness or <i>vacancy</i>, even before
they are habits, are dangerous.</blockquote> <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is vacant.</def> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Empty space; vacuity; vacuum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How is't with you,<BR>
That you do bend your eye on <i>vacancy</i>?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An open or unoccupied space between bodies or
things; an interruption of continuity; chasm; gap; as, a <i>vacancy</i>
between buildings; a <i>vacancy</i> between sentences or
thoughts.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Unemployed time; interval of leisure; time of
intermission; vacation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Time lost partly in too oft idle <i>vacancies</i> given both
to schools and universities.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No interim, not a minute's <i>vacancy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those little <i>vacancies</i> from toil are
sweet.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A place or post unfilled; an unoccupied office;
as, a <i>vacancy</i> in the senate, in a school, etc.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Va"cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>vacans</i>,
<i>-antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>vacare</i> to be empty, to be free or
unoccupied, to have leisure, also <i>vocare</i>; akin to <i>vacuus</i>
empty, and probably to E. <i>void</i>.  Cf. <u>Evacuate</u>, <u>Void</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Deprived of contents; not filled; empty; as, a
<i>vacant</i> room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Stuffs out his <i>vacant</i> garments with his
form.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Being of those virtues <i>vacant</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no fireside, howsoe'er defended,<BR>
But has one <i>vacant</i> chair.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unengaged with business or care; unemployed;
unoccupied; disengaged; free; as, <i>vacant</i> hours.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Religion is the interest of all; but philosophy of those . .
. at leisure, and <i>vacant</i> from the affairs of the world.</blockquote>
<i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was not a minute of the day which he left
<i>vacant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not filled or occupied by an incumbent,
possessor, or officer; as, a <i>vacant</i> throne; a <i>vacant</i>
parish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Special dignities which <i>vacant</i> lie<BR>
For thy best use and wearing.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Empty of thought; thoughtless; not occupied with
study or reflection; as, a <i>vacant</i> mind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The duke had a pleasant and <i>vacant</i> face.</blockquote>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When on my couch I lie<BR>
In <i>vacant</i> or in pensive mood.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Abandoned; having no heir,
possessor, claimant, or occupier; as, a <i>vacant</i> estate.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Vacant succession</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>one that is
claimed by no person, or where all the heirs are unknown, or where all the
known heirs to it have renounced it.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Empty; void; devoid; free; unemployed; disengaged;
unincumbered; uncrowded; idle.  -- <u>Vacant</u>, <u>Empty</u>. A thing is
<i>empty</i> when there is nothing in it; as, an <i>empty</i> room, or an
<i>empty</i> noddle. <i>Vacant</i> adds the idea of having been previously
filled, or intended to be filled or occupied; as, a <i>vacant</i> seat at
table; a <i>vacant</i> office; <i>vacant</i> hours. When we speak of a
<i>vacant</i> look or a <i>vacant</i> mind, we imply the absence of the
intelligence naturally to be expected there.</p>

<p><hw>Va"cant*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a vacant manner;
inanely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vacated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vacating</u>.] [L. <i>vacare</i>, <i>vacatum</i>, to be empty. See
<u>Vacant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make vacant; to leave empty; to
cease from filling or occupying; as, it was resolved by Parliament that
James had <i>vacated</i> the throne of England; the tenant <i>vacated</i>
the house.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To annul; to make void; to deprive of force; to
make of no authority or validity; as, to <i>vacate</i> a commission or a
charter; to <i>vacate</i> proceedings in a cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That after act <i>vacating</i> the authority of the
precedent.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The necessity of observing the Jewish Sabbath was
<i>Vacated</i> by the apostolical institution of the Lord's
Day.</blockquote> <i>R. Nelson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To defeat; to put an end to.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>vacates</i> my revenge.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>vacatio</i>
a being free from a duty, service, etc., fr. <i>vacare</i>. See
<u>Vacate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of vacating; a making void or of no
force; as, the <i>vacation</i> of an office or a charter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intermission of a stated employment, procedure,
or office; a period of intermission; rest; leisure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was not in his nature, however, at least till years had
chastened it, to take any <i>vacation</i> from controversy.</blockquote>
<i>Palfrey.</i></p>

<p>Hence, specifically: -</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Intermission of judicial
proceedings; the space of time between the end of one term and the
beginning of the next; nonterm; recess.</def> "With lawyers in the
<i>vacation</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The intermission of the regular studies and
exercises of an educational institution between terms; holidays; as, the
spring <i>vacation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The time when an office is vacant; esp.
<i>(Eccl.)</i>, the time when a see, or other spiritual dignity, is
vacant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vac"ca*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>vaccarium</i>, from
L. <i>vacca</i> cow.  Cf. <u>Vachery</u>.] <def>A cow house, dairy house,
or cow pasture.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vac*ci"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Vaccinia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vac"ci*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to vaccinia or vaccination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vac"ci*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vaccinated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vaccinating</u>.] [See <u>Vaccine</u>.] <def>To inoculate with the
cowpox by means of a virus, called <i>vaccine</i>, taken either directly or
indirectly from cows.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Vac`ci*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act, art, or
practice of vaccinating, or inoculating with the cowpox, in order to
prevent or mitigate an attack of smallpox.  Cf. <u>Inoculation</u>.</def>
</p>

<p>&fist; In recent use, <i>vaccination</i> sometimes includes inoculation
with any virus as a preventive measure; as, <i>vaccination</i> of
cholera.</p>

<p><hw>Vac"ci*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, vaccinates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vac"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vaccinus</i>, fr.
<i>vacca</i> a cow; cf. Skr. <i>v&amacr;c</i> to bellow, to groan.] <def>Of
or pertaining to cows; pertaining to, derived from, or caused by, vaccinia;
as, <i>vaccine</i> virus; the <i>vaccine</i> disease.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The virus of vaccinia used in
vaccination.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vac*cin"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Vaccine</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Cowpox; vaccina. See
<u>Cowpox</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vac"ci*nist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
vaccinator.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vac*cin"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the blueberry, or
whortleberry.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of ericaceous shrubs including
the various kinds of blueberries and the true cranberries.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Va`cher"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from <i>vache</i> a
cow.  Cf. <u>Vaquero</u>.] <def>A keeper of stock or cattle; a
herdsman.</def> [Southwestern U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vach"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vacherie</i>, from
<i>vache</i> a cow, L. <i>vacca</i>.  Cf. <u>Vaccary</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure for cows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dairy.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Prompt.
Parv.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vac"il*lan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being vacillant, or wavering.</def> [R.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vac"il*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vacillans</i>, p.
pr. of <i>vacillare</i>: cf. F. <i>vacillant</i>. See <u>Vacillate</u>.]
<def>Vacillating; wavering; fluctuating; irresolute.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vac"il*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vacillated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vacillating</u>.] [L. <i>vacillare</i>, <i>vacillatum</i>; cf. Skr.
<i>va&ntilde;c</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move one way and the other; to reel or
stagger; to waver.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[A spheroid] is always liable to shift and
<i>vacillate</i>from one axis to another.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To fluctuate in mind or opinion; to be unsteady
or inconstant; to waver.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Fluctuate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Vac"il*la`ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to
fluctuate; wavering.</def> <i>Tennyson.</i> -- <wf>Vac"il*la`ting*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vac`il*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vacillatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>vacillation</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of vacillating; a moving one way and the
other; a wavering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>vacillations</i>, or an alternation of knowledge and
doubt.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vac"il*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to
vacillate; wavering; irresolute.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>vacuatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>vacuare</i> to empty, from <i>vacuus</i> empty. See
<u>Vacant</u>.] <def>To make void, or empty.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vac`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
emptying; evacuation.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vacuiste</i>.]
<def>One who holds the doctrine that the space between the bodies of the
universe, or the molecules and atoms of matter., is a vacuum; -- opposed to
<i>plenist</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*cu"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vacuitas</i>. See
<u>Vacuous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being vacuous, or not
filled; emptiness; vacancy; as, <i>vacuity</i> of mind; <i>vacuity</i> of
countenance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hunger is such a state of <i>vacuity</i> as to require a
fresh supply of aliment.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Space unfilled or unoccupied, or occupied with
an invisible fluid only; emptiness; void; vacuum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>vacuity</i> is interspersed among the particles of
matter.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . alone can answer all our longings and fill every
<i>vacuity</i> of our soul.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Want of reality; inanity; nihility.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their expectations will meet with
<i>vacuity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Va*cu"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.  <i>vacuus</i>
unoccupied.] <i>(Rom. Myth.)</i> <def>The goddess of rural leisure, to whom
the husbandmen sacrificed at the close of the harvest. She was especially
honored by the Sabines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*o*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Full of vacuoles, or small air cavities; as, <i>vacuolated</i>
cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*o*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Formation into, or multiplication of, vacuoles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vacuus</i> empty:
cf. F. <i>vacuole</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A small air cell, or globular
space, in the interior of organic cells, either containing air, or a
pellucid watery liquid, or some special chemical secretions of the cell
protoplasm.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Contractile vacuole</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Contractile</u>, and see <i>Illusts</i>. of <u>Infusoria</u>, and
<u>Lobosa</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Food vacuole</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Food</u>, and see <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Infusoria</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vacuus</i>. See
<u>Vacant</u>.] <def>Empty; unfilled; void; vacant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Boundless the deep, because I am who fill<BR>
Infinitude; nor <i>vacuous</i> the space.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That the few may lead selfish and <i>vacuous</i>
days.</blockquote> <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being vacuous; emptiness; vacuity.</def>  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Vacuums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Vacua</b></plw> (#). [L., fr.
<i>vacuus</i> empty. See <u>Vacuous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>A space entirely devoid of matter (called also, by
way of distinction, <i>absolute vacuum</i>); hence, in a more general
sense, a space, as the interior of a closed vessel, which has been
exhausted to a high or the highest degree by an air pump or other
artificial means; as, water boils at a reduced temperature in a
<i>vacuum</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1591 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The condition of rarefaction, or reduction of
pressure below that of the atmosphere, in a vessel, as the condenser of a
steam engine, which is nearly exhausted of air or steam, etc.; as, a
<i>vacuum</i> of 26 inches of mercury, or 13 pounds per square
inch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vacuum brake</b></col>, <cd>a kind of continuous brake operated
by exhausting the air from some appliance under each car, and so causing
the pressure of the atmosphere to apply the brakes.</cd> -- <col><b>Vacuum
pan</b></col> <i>(Technol.)</i>, <cd>a kind of large closed metallic retort
used in sugar making for boiling down sirup. It is so connected with an
exhausting apparatus that a partial vacuum is formed within. This allows
the evaporation and concentration to take place at a lower atmospheric
pressure and hence also at a lower temperature, which largely obviates the
danger of burning the sugar, and shortens the process.</cd> --
<col><b>Vacuum pump</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Pulsometer</u>, 1.</cd> --
<col><b>Vacuum tube</b></col> <i>(Phys.)</i>, <cd>a glass tube provided
with platinum electrodes and exhausted, for the passage of the electrical
discharge; a Geissler tube.</cd> -- <col><b>Vacuum valve</b></col>, <cd>a
safety valve opening inward to admit air to a vessel in which the pressure
is less than that of the atmosphere, in order to prevent collapse.</cd> --
<col><b>Torricellian vacuum</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Torricellian</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Va*dan"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>vadans</i>, p. pr. of <i>vadare</i> to wade, to ford.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive artificial group of birds including
the wading, swimming, and cursorial birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vade</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [For <i>fade</i>.] <def>To
fade; hence, to vanish.</def> [Obs.] " Summer leaves all <i>vaded</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They into dust shall <i>vade</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va`de me"cum</hw> (?). [L., go with me.] <def>A book or other thing
that a person carries with him as a constant companion; a manual; a
handbook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vad"i*mo*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vadimonium</i>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A bond or pledge for appearance before a judge on a
certain day.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Va"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., from L. <i>vas</i>,
<i>vadis</i>, bail.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Pledge; security; bail. See
<u>Mortgage</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vadium vivum</b></col> [LL.] <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a living pledge,
which exists where an estate is granted until a debt is paid out of its
proceeds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vae</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Voe</u>.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Va"frous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vafer</i>.]
<def>Crafty; cunning; sly; as, <i>vafrous</i> tricks.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>vagabundus</i>, from <i>vagari</i> to stroll about, from <i>vagus</i>
strolling. See <u>Vague</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving from place to
place without a settled habitation; wandering.</def> "<i>Vagabond</i>
exile."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Floating about without any certain direction;
driven to and fro.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To heaven their prayers<BR>
Flew up, nor missed the way, by envious winds<BR>
Blown <i>vagabond</i> or frustrate.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being a vagabond; strolling and idle or
vicious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wanders from
place to place, having no fixed dwelling, or not abiding in it, and usually
without the means of honest livelihood; a vagrant; a tramp; hence, a
worthless person; a rascal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fugitive and a <i>vagabond</i> shalt thou be.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. iv. 12.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In English and American law, <i>vagabond</i> is used in bad
sense, denoting one who is without a home; a strolling, idle, worthless
person. <i>Vagabonds</i> are described in old English statutes as "such as
wake on the night and sleep on the day, and haunt customable taverns and
alehouses, and routs about; and no man wot from whence they came, nor
whither they go." In American law, the term <i>vagrant</i> is employed in
the same sense. Cf <u>Rogue</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.  <i>Burrill.</i>
<i>Bouvier.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the vagabond;
to wander like a vagabond; to stroll.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On every part my <i>vagabonding</i> sight<BR>
Did cast, and drown mine eyes in sweet delight.</blockquote>
<i>Drummond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond`age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vagabondage</i>.] <def>The condition of a vagabond; a state or habit of
wandering about in idleness; vagrancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond`ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Vagabondage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond`ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play the
vagabond; to wander about in idleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vag"a*bond`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Vagabondage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Vagus</u>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the vagus, or pneumogastric nerves;
pneumogastric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"gan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>vagans</i>, p.
pr. See <u>Vagantes</u>.] <def>A wandering; vagrancy.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A thousand <i>vagancies</i> of glory and
desight.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Va*gan"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>vagans</i>, p. pr. of <i>vagari</i> to stroll or wander.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of spiders, comprising some of those which
take their prey in a web, but which also frequently run with agility, and
chase and seize their prey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*ga"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to, or
characterized by, vagaries; capricious; whimsical; crochety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*ga"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vagaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>vagari</i> to stroll about. See
<u>Vague</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wandering or strolling.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a wandering of the thoughts; a wild or
fanciful freak; a whim; a whimsical purpose.</def> "The <i>vagaries</i> of
a child."  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They changed their minds,<BR>
Flew off, and into strange <i>vagaries</i> fell.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"gi*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vagiens</i>, p. pr.
of <i>vagire</i> to cry like a young child.] <def>Crying like a
child.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Va*gi"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vagin&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>vagina</i> a scabbard or
sheath.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sheath; a
theca; as, the <i>vagina</i> of the portal vein.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Specifically, the canal which leads from the uterus to the external
orifice if the genital canal, or to the cloaca.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The terminal part of the
oviduct in insects and various other invertebrates. See <i>Illust.</i>, of
<u>Spermatheca</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The basal expansion of certain
leaves, which inwraps the stem; a sheath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The shaft of a terminus, from
which the bust of figure seems to issue or arise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vag"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vaginal</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a vagina; resembling a
vagina, or sheath; thecal; as, a <i>vaginal</i> synovial membrane; the
<i>vaginal</i> process of the temporal bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the vagina of
the genital canal; as, the <i>vaginal</i> artery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vag"i*nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vaginant</i>.
See <u>Vagina</u>.] <def>Serving to in invest, or sheathe;
sheathing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vaginant leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leaf investing the
stem or branch by its base, which has the form of a tube.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Vag"i*nate</hw> (?), <hw>Vag"i*na`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Vagina</u>.] <def>Invested with, or as if
with, a sheath; as, a <i>vaginate</i> stem, or one invested by the tubular
base of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vag`i*na"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of birds comprising the
sheathbills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vag`i*ner*vose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vagus</i>
wandering + E. <i>nervose</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the nerves, or
veins, placed in apparent disorder.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vag`i*nic"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>vagina</i> sheath + <i>colere</i> to in habit.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of Infusoria which form minute vaselike or tubular cases in
which they dwell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vag`i*nis"mus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A painful spasmodic contraction of the vagina, often rendering
copulation impossible.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vag`i*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Vagina</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
vagina, or the genital canal, usually of its mucous living
membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vag`i*no*pen"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vagina</i>
a sheath + <i>penna</i> a feather, pl. <i>pennae</i> a wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having elytra; sheath-winged.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Va*gin"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., dim. of
<i>vagina</i> sheath.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A little
sheath, as that about the base of the pedicel of most mosses.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the tubular florets in composite
flowers.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vag"i*nule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
vaginula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vag"is*sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>vagari</i> to
stroll or wander.] <def>To caper or frolic.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Va"gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vagus</i>. See
<u>Vague</u>.] <def>Wandering; unsettled.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"gran*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being a vagrant; a wandering without a settled home; an unsettled
condition; vagabondism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Threatened away into banishment and
<i>vagrancy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"grant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Probably fr. OF.
<i>waucrant</i>, <i>wacrant</i>, p. p. of <i>waucrer</i>, <i>wacrer</i>,
<i>walcrer</i>, to wander (probably of Teutonic origin), but influenced by
F. <i>vagant</i>, p. pr. of <i>vaguer</i> to stray, L. <i>vagari</i>.  Cf.
<u>Vagary</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving without certain direction; wandering;
erratic; unsettled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That beauteous Emma <i>vagrant</i> courses
took.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While leading this <i>vagrant</i> and miserable life,
Johnson fell in live.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wandering from place to place without any
settled habitation; as, a <i>vagrant</i> beggar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"grant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strolls from place
to place; one who has no settled habitation; an idle wanderer; a sturdy
beggar; an incorrigible rogue; a vagabond.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vagrants</i> and outlaws shall offend thy
view.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"grant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a vagrant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"grant*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State of being
vagrant; vagrancy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vague</hw> (v&amacr;g), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Vaguer</u> (v&amacr;g"&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Vaguest</u>.] [F. <i>vague</i>, or L.
<i>vagus</i>. See <u>Vague</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wandering; vagrant; vagabond.</def> [Archaic]
"To set upon the <i>vague</i> villains."  <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She danced along with <i>vague</i>, regardless
eyes.</blockquote> <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unsettled; unfixed; undetermined; indefinite;
ambiguous; as, a <i>vague</i> idea; a <i>vague</i> proposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This faith is neither a mere fantasy of future glory, nor a
<i>vague</i> ebullition of feeling.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The poet turned away, and gave himself up to a sort of
<i>vague</i> revery, which he called thought.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from no known authority;
unauthenticated; uncertain; flying; as, a <i>vague</i> report.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some legend strange and <i>vague</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Vague year</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Sothiac year</i>, under
<u>Sothiac</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Unsettled; indefinite; unfixed; ill-defined; ambiguous;
hazy; loose; lax; uncertain.</p>

<p><hw>Vague</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vague</i>.] <def>An
indefinite expanse.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The gray <i>vague</i> of unsympathizing sea.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vague</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>vaguer</i>, L.
<i>vagari</i>, fr. <i>vagus</i> roaming.] <def>To wander; to roam; to
stray.</def> [Obs.] "[The soul] doth <i>vague</i> and wander."
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vague</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wandering; a vagary.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vague"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a vague
manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What he <i>vaguely</i> hinted at, but dared not
speak.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vague"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being vague.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Va"gus</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., wandering.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Wandering; -- applied especially to the pneumogastric
nerve.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>The vagus, ore pneumogastric,
nerve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Veil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of <i>avail</i>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Avails; profit; return; proceeds.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My house is as were the cave where the young outlaw hoards
the stolen <i>vails</i> of his occupation.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unexpected gain or acquisition; a casual
advantage or benefit; a windfall.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Money given to servants by visitors; a gratuity;
-- usually in the plural.</def> [Written also <i>vale</i>.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of <i>avale</i>.
See <u>Avale</u>, <u>Vale</u>.] [Written also <i>vale</i>, and
<i>veil</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let fail; to allow or cause to
sink.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vail</i> your regard<BR>
Upon a wronged, I would fain have said, a maid!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lower, or take off, in token of inferiority,
reverence, submission, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>France must <i>vail</i> her lofty-plumed crest!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Without <i>vailing</i> his bonnet or testifying any
reverence for the alleged sanctity of the relic.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vail</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To yield or recede; to
give place; to show respect by yielding, uncovering, or the like.</def>
[Written also <i>vale</i>, and <i>veil</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thy convenience must <i>vail</i> to thy neighbor's
necessity.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Submission; decline;
descent.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vail"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who vails.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Overbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vai"mure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An outer, or exterior.
wall. See <u>Vauntmure</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vain</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Vainer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Vainest</u>.] [F.
<i>vain</i>, L. <i>vanus</i> empty, void, vain.  Cf. <u>Vanish</u>,
<u>Vanity</u>, <u>Vaunt</u> to boast.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having no real substance, value, or importance;
empty; void; worthless; unsatisfying.</def> "Thy <i>vain</i> excuse."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every man walketh in a <i>vain</i> show.</blockquote> <i>Ps.
xxxix. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let no man deceive you with <i>vain</i> words.</blockquote>
<i>Eph. v. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vain</i> pomp, and glory of this world, I hate
ye!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vain</i> visdom all, and false philosophy.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of forge or efficacy; effecting no
purpose; fruitless; ineffectual; as, <i>vain</i> toil; a <i>vain</i>
attempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bring no more <i>vain</i> oblations.</blockquote> <i>Isa. i.
13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vain</i> is the force of man<BR>
To crush the pillars which the pile sustain.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Proud of petty things, or of trifling
attainments; having a high opinion of one's own accomplishments with slight
reason; conceited; puffed up; inflated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But wilt thou know, O <i>vain</i> man, that faith apart from
works is barren?</blockquote> <i>James ii. 20 (Rev. Ver.).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The minstrels played on every side,<BR>
<i>Vain</i> of their art.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Showy; ostentatious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Load some <i>vain</i> church with old theatric
state.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Empty; worthless; fruitless; ineffectual; idle; unreal;
shadowy; showy; ostentatious; light; inconstant; deceitful; delusive;
unimportant; trifling.</p>

<p><hw>Vain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vanity; emptiness; -- now used
only in the phrase <i>in vain</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>For vain</b></col>. <cd>See <i>In vain</i>.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>In vain</b></col>, <cd>to no purpose; without
effect; ineffectually.</cd> " <i>In vain</i> doth valor bleed."
<i>Milton.</i> " <i>In vain</i> they do worship me." <i>Matt. xv. 9.</i> --
<col><b>To take the name of God in vain</b></col>, <cd>to use the name of
God with levity or profaneness.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vain`glo"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Feeling or
indicating vainglory; elated by vanity; boastful.</def> "Arrogant and
<i>vainglorious</i> expression." <i>Sir M. Hale.</i> --
<wf>Vain`glo"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Vain`glo"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vain`glo"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Vain</i> +
<i>glory</i>.] <def>Excessive vanity excited by one's own performances;
empty pride; undue elation of mind; vain show; boastfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had nothing of <i>vainglory</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The man's undone forever; for if Hector break not his neck
i' the combat, he'll break't himself in <i>vainglory</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vain"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a vain manner; in
vain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vain"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being vain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vair</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vair</i>, from OF.
<i>vair</i>, a., L. <i>varius</i> various, variegated. See <u>Various</u>,
and cf. <u>Menivel</u>.] <def>The skin of the squirrel, much used in the
fourteenth century as fur for garments, and frequently mentioned by writers
of that period in describing the costly dresses of kings, nobles, and
prelates. It is represented in heraldry by a series of small shields placed
close together, and alternately white and blue.</def>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>vair</i> or ermine decked his garment.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Counter vair</b></col> <i>(Her.)</i>, <cd>a fur resembling vair,
except in the arrangement of the patches or figures.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vair"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>vair&eacute;</i>. See
<u>Vair</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Charged with vair;
variegated with shield-shaped figures. See <u>Vair</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vaish"na*va</hw> (v&imacr;sh"n&adot;*v&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Skr. <i>vaish&nsdot;ava</i>.] <i>(Hindu Myth.)</i> <def>A worshiper of the
god Vishnu in any of his incarnations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vaish"na*vism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The worship of
Vishnu.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vais"ya</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>vai&ccedil;ya</i>.] <def>The third of the four great original castes
among the Hindus, now either extinct or partially represented by the
mercantile class of Banyas. See the Note under <u>Caste</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vai"vode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vayvode</i>. See
<u>Waywode</u>.] <def>See <u>Waywode</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Va*keel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>wak&imacr;l</i>.]
<def>A native attorney or agent; also, an ambassador.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Val"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps fr. OF.
<i>avalant</i> descending, hanging down, p. pr. of <i>avaler</i> to go
down, let down, descent (cf. <u>Avalanche</u>); but probably from the town
of <i>Valence</i> in France.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Hanging drapery for a bed, couch, window, or the
like, especially that which hangs around a bedstead, from the bed to the
floor.</def> [Written also <i>valence</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Valance</i> of Venice gold in needlework.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The drooping edging of the lid of a trunk. which
covers the joint when the lid is closed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"ance</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Valanced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Valancing</u> (?).] <def>To furnish with a valance; to decorate with
hangings or drapery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His old fringed chair <i>valanced</i> around with party-
colored worsted bobs.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>val</i>, F. <i>val</i>,
L. <i>vallis</i>; perhaps akin to Gr. &?; low ground, marsh meadow.  Cf.
<u>Avalanche</u>, <u>Vail</u> to lower, <u>Valley</u>.] <def>A tract of low
ground, or of land between hills; a valley.</def> " Make me a cottage in
the <i>vale</i>."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Beyond this <i>vale</i> of tears there is a life
above.</blockquote> <i>Montgomery.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In those fair <i>vales</i>, by nature formed to
please.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Vale</i> is more commonly used in poetry, and <i>valley</i> in
prose and common discourse.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Valley; dingle; dell; dale.</p>

<p><hw>Vale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d <u>Vail</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val`e*dic"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.,
<i>valedicere</i>, <i>valedictum</i>, to say farewell; <i>vale</i> farewell
(imperative of <i>valere</i> to be strong or well) + <i>dicere</i> to say.
See <u>Valiant</u>, <u>Diction</u>.] <def>A farewell; a bidding
farewell.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1592 !></p>

<p><hw>Val`e*dic*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
pronounces a valedictory address; especially, in American colleges, the
student who pronounces the valedictory of the graduating class at the
annual commencement, usually the student who ranks first in
scholarship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val`e*dic"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bidding
farewell; suitable or designed for an occasion of leave-taking; as, a
<i>valedictory</i> oration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val`e*dic"to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Valedictories</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A valedictory oration or
address spoken at commencement in American colleges or seminaries by one of
the graduating class, usually by the leading scholar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From L. <i>valens</i>, <i>-
entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>valere</i> to have power, to be strong. See
<u>Valiant</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The degree of combining power of an
atom (or radical) as shown by the number of atoms of hydrogen (or of other
monads, as chlorine, sodium, etc.) with which it will combine, or for which
it can be substituted, or with which it can be compared; thus, an atom of
hydrogen is a monad, and has a <i>valence</i> of one; the atoms of oxygen,
nitrogen, and carbon are respectively dyads, triads, and tetrads, and have
a <i>valence</i> respectively of two, three, and four.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The valence of certain elements varies in different compounds.
Valence in degree may extend as high as seven or eight, as in the cases of
iodine and osmium respectively. The doctrine of valence has been of
fundamental importance in distinguishing the equivalence from the atomic
weight, and is an essential factor in explaining the chemical structures of
compounds.</p>

<p><hw>Va*len"ci*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps fr.
<i>Valence</i> in France.] <def>A kind of woven fabric for waistcoats,
having the weft of wool and the warp of silk or cotton.</def> [Written also
<i>valentia</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Va*len`ci*ennes" lace"</hw> (?). [F.; -- so called after the town of
<i>Valenciennes</i>.] <def>A rich kind of lace made at Valenciennes, in
France. Each piece is made throughout, ground and pattern, by the same
person and with the same thread, the pattern being worked in the
net.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Valencies</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>See <u>Valence</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A unit of combining
power; a so-called bond of affinity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*len"ti*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Valencia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"en*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sweetheart chosen on St. Valentine's Day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A letter containing professions of love, or a
missive of a sentimental, comic, or burlesque character, sent on St.
Valentine's Day.</def></p>

<p><col><b>St. Valentine's Day</b></col>, <cd>a day sacred to St.
Valentine; the 14th of February. It was a very old notion, alluded to by
Shakespeare, that on this day birds begin to mate. Hence, perhaps, arose
the custom of sending love tokens at that time.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Val`en*tin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i>
<def>One of a school of Judaizing Gnostics in the second century; -- so
called from <i>Valentinus</i>, the founder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val`er*am"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Valer</i>ic +
<i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The acid amide derivative of valeric
acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt
of valeric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*le"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>valeriana</i>,
perhaps from some person named <i>Valerius</i>, or fr. L. <i>valere</i> to
be strong. powerful, on account of its medicinal virtues: cf. F.
<i>val&eacute;riane</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus
<i>Valeriana</i>. The root of the officinal valerian (<i>V.
officinalis</i>) has a strong smell, and is much used in medicine as an
antispasmodic.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Greek valerian</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant
(<i>Polemonium c&aelig;ruleum</i>) with blue or white flowers, and leaves
resembling those of the officinal valerian.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Va*le`ri*an*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling, plants of a natural order
(<i>Valerianacc&aelig;</i>) of which the valerian is the type. The order
includes also the corn salads and the oriental spikenard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*le"ri*an*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
valerate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*le`ri*an"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Performance to, or obtained from, valerian root; specifically,
designating an acid which is usually called <i>valeric acid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*ler"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Valerianic; specifically, designating any one of three metameric
acids, of which the typical one (called also <i>inactive valeric acid</i>),
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>H, is obtained from <i>valerian</i>
root and other sources, as a corrosive, mobile, oily liquid, having a
strong acid taste, and an odor of old cheese.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Active valeric acid</b></col>, <cd>a metameric variety which
turns the plane of polarization to the right, although formed by the
oxidation of a levorotatory amyl alcohol.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Va*ler"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
base, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>19</sub>N, produced by heating valeric aldehyde
with ammonia. It is probably related to the conine alkaloids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"er*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Valer</i>ic +
glycer<i>in</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of valeric acid with glycerin,
occurring in butter, dolphin oil., and forming an forming an oily liquid
with a slightly unpleasant odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*ler"i*trine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Valer</i>ic +
<i>iro</i>pine + <i>-ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A base,
C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>27</sub>N, produced together with valeridine, which it
resembles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"er*o-</hw>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also used
adjectively) indicating <i>derivation from</i>, or <i>relation to</i>,
<i>valerian</i> or <i>some of its products</i>, as valeric acid; as in
<i>valero</i>lactone, a colorless oily liquid produced as the anhydride of
an hydroxy valeric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"er*one</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
ketone of valeric acid obtained as an oily liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"er*yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Valeric</i> + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>9</sub>O, regarded as the essential nucleus of certain
valeric acid derivatives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val`er*yl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
liquid hydrocarbon, C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>8</sub>; -- called also
<i>pentine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"et</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>valet</i>, OF.
<i>vallet</i>, <i>varlet</i>, <i>vaslet</i>. See <u>Varlet</u>, and
<u>Vassal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A male waiting servant; a servant who attends on
gentleman's person; a body servant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A kind of goad or stick with a
point of iron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Valet de chambre</b></col> (&?;) [F.], <cd>a body servant, or
personal attendant.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Val`e*tu`di*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>valetudinarius</i>, from <i>valetudo</i> state of health, health, ill
health, fr. <i>valere</i> to be strong or well: cf. F.
<i>val&eacute;tudinaire</i>. See <u>Valiant</u>.] <def>Of infirm health;
seeking to recover health; sickly; weakly; infirm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My feeble health and <i>valetudinarian</i>
stomach.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The virtue which the world wants is a healthful virtue, not
a <i>valetudinarian</i> virtue.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val`e*tu`di*na"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person of a
weak or sickly constitution; one who is seeking to recover
health.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Valetudinarians</i> must live where they can command and
scold.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val`e*tu`di*na"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
condition of a valetudinarian; a state of feeble health;
infirmity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val`e*tu"di*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infirm;
sickly; valetudinarian.</def> -- <wf>Val`e*tu"di*na*ri*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>It renders the habit of society dangerously.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val`e*tu"di*na*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
valetudinarian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val`e*tu"di*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Valetudinarian.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>valetudinous</i> condition of
King Edward."  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val*hal"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>valh&ouml;ll</i>, literally, hall of the slain; <i>valr</i> the slain
(akin to AS. <i>w&aelig;l</i>, OHG. <i>wal</i> battlefield, <i>wuol</i>
defeat, slaughter, AS. <i>w&omacr;l</i> pestilence) + <i>h&ouml;ll</i> a
royal hall. See <u>Hall</u>, and cf. <u>Walhalla</u>.] [Written also
<i>walhalla</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Scand. Myth.)</i> <def>The palace of immortality,
inhabited by the souls of heroes slain in battle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A hall or temple adorned with statues and
memorials of a nation's heroes; specifically, the Pantheon near Ratisbon,
in Bavaria, consecrated to the illustrious dead of all Germany.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Val"iance</hw> (?), <hw>Val"ian*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vaillance</i>. See <u>Valiant</u>.]
<def>The quality or state of being valiant; bravery; valor.</def> [Obs.]
"His doughty <i>valiance</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val"iant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>valiant</i>, F.
<i>vaillant</i>, OF. <i>vaillant</i>, <i>valant</i>, originally p. pr. of
OF. &amp; F. <i>valoir</i> to be worth, L. <i>valere</i> to be strong. See
<u>Wield</u>, and cf. <u>Avail</u>, <u>Convalesce</u>, <u>Equivalent</u>,
<u>Prevail</u>, <u>Valid</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Vigorous in body; strong; powerful; as, a
<i>valiant</i> fencer.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Intrepid in danger; courageous; brave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>valiant</i> and most expert gentleman.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And Saul said to David . . . be thou <i>valiant</i> for me,
and fight the Lord's battles.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xviii. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Performed with valor or bravery; heroic.</def>
"Thou bearest the highest name for <i>valiant</i> acts."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[The saints] have made such <i>valiant</i>
confessions.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Val"iant*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Val"iant*ness</wf>, <wf>n</wf>.</p>

<p><hw>Val"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>valide</i>, F.
<i>validus</i> strong, from <i>valere</i> to be strong. See
<u>Valiant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Strong; powerful; efficient.</def> [Obs.]
"Perhaps more <i>valid</i> arms . . . may serve to better us."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having sufficient strength or force; founded in
truth; capable of being justified, defended, or supported; not weak or
defective; sound; good; efficacious; as, a <i>valid</i> argument; a
<i>valid</i> objection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An answer that is open to no <i>valid</i>
exception.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Having legal strength or force;
executed with the proper formalities; incapable of being rightfully
overthrown or set aside; as, a <i>valid</i> deed; a <i>valid</i> covenant;
a <i>valid</i> instrument of any kind; a <i>valid</i> claim or title; a
<i>valid</i> marriage.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prevalent; available; efficacious; just; good; weighty;
sufficient; sound; well-grounded.</p>

<p><hw>Val"i*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Valid</u>.]
<def>To confirm; to render valid; to give legal force to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The chamber of deputies . . . refusing to <i>validate</i> at
once the election of an official candidate.</blockquote> <i>London
Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val`i*da"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>validation</i>.] <def>The act of giving validity.</def> [R.]
<i>Knowles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va*lid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>validit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>validitas</i> strength.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being valid; strength;
force; especially, power to convince; justness; soundness; as, the
<i>validity</i> of an argument or proof; the <i>validity</i> of an
objection.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Legal strength, force, or
authority; that quality of a thing which renders it supportable in law, or
equity; as, the <i>validity</i> of a will; the <i>validity</i> of a
contract, claim, or title.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Value.</def> [Obs.] "Rich <i>validity</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val"id*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a valid manner;
so as to be valid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"id*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being valid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"inch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>avaler</i> to let
down, drink up.  Cf. <u>Avalanche</u>.] <def>A tube for drawing liquors
from a cask by the bunghole.</def> [Written also <i>velinche</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Va*lise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>valise</i>; cf. It.
<i>valigia</i>, Sp. <i>balija</i>, LL. <i>valisia</i>, <i>valesia</i>; of
uncertain origin, perhaps through (assumed) LL.  <i>vidulitia</i>, from L.
<i>vidulus</i> a leathern trunk; a knapsack.] <def>A small sack or case,
usually of leather, but sometimes of other material, for containing the
clothes, toilet articles, etc., of a traveler; a traveling bag; a
portmanteau.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val*kyr"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>valkyrja</i>
(akin to AS. <i>w&aelig;lcyrie</i>); <i>valr</i> the slain +
<i>kj&omacr;sa</i> to choose. See <u>Valhalla</u>, and <u>Choose</u>.]
<i>(Scand. Myth.)</i> <def>One of the maidens of Odin, represented as awful
and beautiful, who presided over battle and marked out those who were to be
slain, and who also ministered at the feasts of heroes in Valhalla.</def>
[Written also <i>Valkyr</i>, and <i>Walkyr</i>.]
</p>

<p><hw>Val*kyr"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Valkyrias; hence, relating to battle.</def> "Ourself have often tried
<i>Valkyrian</i> hymns."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val*lan"cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Valance</u>.]
<def>A large wig that shades the face.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Val"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vallaris</i>.] <def>Of
or pertaining to a rampart.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vallar crown</b></col> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i>, <cd>a circular gold
crown with palisades, bestowed upon the soldier who first surmounted the
rampart and broke into the enemy's camp.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Val"lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vallar crown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Vallar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vallatio</i>, fr.
<i>vallare</i> to surround with a rampart, fr. <i>vallum</i> rampart. See
<u>Wall</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A rampart or
intrenchment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a vallation; used for a vallation; as, <i>vallatory</i> reads.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Val*lec"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vallecul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. fr. L. <i>vallis</i>,
<i>valles</i>, a valley.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A groove; a fossa; as, the
<i>vallecula</i>, or fossa, which separates the hemispheres of the
cerebellum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the grooves, or hollows,
between the ribs of the fruit of umbelliferous plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val`let's pills"</hw> (?). [From Dr. <i>Vallet</i> of Paris.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pills containing sulphate of iron and carbonate of
sodium, mixed with saccharine matter; -- called also <i>Vallet's
mass</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Valleys</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>vale</i>, <i>valeie</i>, OF.
<i>val&eacute;e</i>, <i>valede</i>, F. <i>vall&eacute;e</i>, LL.
<i>vallata</i>, L. <i>vallis</i>, <i>valles</i>. See <u>Vale</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The space inclosed between ranges of hills or
mountains; the strip of land at the bottom of the depressions intersecting
a country, including usually the bed of a stream, with frequently broad
alluvial plains on one or both sides of the stream. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>valley</i> of the shadow of death.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xxiii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet interchange<BR>
Of hill and <i>valley</i>, rivers, woods, and plains.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Deep and narrow <i>valleys</i> with abrupt sides are usually the
results of erosion by water, and are called <i>gorges</i>, <i>ravines</i>,
<i>ca&ntilde;ons</i>, <i>gulches</i>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The place of
meeting of two slopes of a roof, which have their plates running in
different directions, and form on the plan a re&euml;ntrant angle.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The depression formed by the meeting of two slopes
on a flat roof.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Valley board</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a board for the
reception of the lead gutter in the valley of a roof. The valley board and
lead gutter are not usual in the United States.</cd> -- <col><b>Valley
rafter</b></col>, or <col><b>Valley piece</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the
rafter which supports the valley.</cd> -- <col><b>Valley roof</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a roof having one or more valleys. See <u>Valley</u>,
2, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Val"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Valla</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Vallums</b></plw> (#). [L. See
<u>Wall</u>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A rampart; a wall, as in a
fortification.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*lo"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>vallonia</i>,
<i>vallonea</i>, fr. NGr. <grk>balania`</grk>, <grk>balanidia`</grk>, the
holm oak, <grk>bala`ni</grk>, <grk>balani`di</grk>, an acorn, Gr.
<grk>ba`lanos</grk>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The acorn cup of two kinds of oak (<i>Quercus
macrolepis</i>, and <i>Q. vallonea</i>) found in Eastern Europe. It
contains abundance of tannin, and is much used by tanners and
dyers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perhaps named from its resemblance to an acorn.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of marine green alg&aelig;, in which the whole
frond consists of a single oval or cylindrical cell, often an inch in
length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>valour</i>, OF.
<i>valor</i>, <i>valur</i>, <i>valour</i>, F. <i>valeur</i>, LL.
<i>valor</i>, fr. L. <i>valere</i> to be strong, or worth. See
<u>Valiant</u>.] [Written also <i>valour</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Value; worth.</def> [Obs.] "The <i>valor</i> of
a penny."  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strength of mind in regard to danger; that
quality which enables a man to encounter danger with firmness; personal
bravery; courage; prowess; intrepidity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For contemplation he and <i>valor</i> formed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>valor</i> preys on reason,<BR>
It eats the sword it fights with.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear to do base, unworthy things is
<i>valor</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A brave man; a man of valor.</def> [R.]  <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Courage; heroism; bravery; gallantry; boldness;
fearlessness. See <u>Courage</u>, and <u>Heroism</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Val"or*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>valeureux</i>,
LL. <i>valorosus</i>.] <def>Possessing or exhibiting valor; brave;
courageous; valiant; intrepid.</def> -- <wf>Val"or*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Val*sal"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to <i>Valsalva</i>, an Italian anatomist of the 17th century.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Valsalvian experiment</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the process
of inflating the middle ear by closing the mouth and nostrils, and blowing
so as to puff out the cheeks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Val"u*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having value or worth; possessing qualities which are useful and
esteemed; precious; costly; as, a <i>valuable</i> horse; <i>valuable</i>
land; a <i>valuable</i> cargo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worthy; estimable; deserving esteem; as, a
<i>valuable</i> friend; a <i>valuable</i> companion.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Valuable consideration</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an equivalent
or compensation having value given for a thing purchased, as money,
marriage, services, etc.</cd>  <i>Blackstone.</i>   <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val"u*a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A precious possession; a
thing of value, especially a small thing, as an article of jewelry; -- used
mostly in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The food and <i>valuables</i> they offer to the
gods.</blockquote> <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val"u*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being valuable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"u*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>So as to be of
value.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of valuing, or of estimating value or worth; the act of
setting a price; estimation; appraisement; as, a <i>valuation</i> of lands
for the purpose of taxation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Value set upon a thing; estimated value or
worth; as, the goods sold for more than their <i>valuation</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since of your lives you set<BR>
So slight a <i>valuation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val"u*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who assesses, or
sets a value on, anything; an appraiser.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>value</i>, fr.
<i>valoir</i>, p. p. <i>valu</i>, to be worth, fr. L. <i>valere</i> to be
strong, to be worth. See <u>Valiant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
property or aggregate properties of a thing by which it is rendered useful
or desirable, or the degree of such property or sum of properties; worth;
excellence; utility; importance.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1593 !></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye are all physicians of no <i>value</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Job xiii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye are of more <i>value</i> than many sparrows.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. x. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>C&aelig;sar is well acquainted with your virtue,<BR>
And therefore sets this <i>value</i> on your life.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Before events shall have decided on the <i>value</i> of the
measures.</blockquote> <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Trade &amp; Polit. Econ.)</i> <def>Worth estimated by
any standard of purchasing power, especially by the market price, or the
amount of money agreed upon as an equivalent to the utility and cost of
anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An article may be possessed of the highest degree of
utility, or power to minister to our wants and enjoyments, and may be
universally made use of, without possessing exchangeable
<i>value</i>.</blockquote> <i>M'Culloch.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Value</i> is the power to command commodities
generally.</blockquote> <i>A. L. Chapin (Johnson's Cys.).</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Value</i> is the generic term which expresses power in
exchange.</blockquote> <i>F. A. Walker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His design was not to pay him the <i>value</i> of his
pictures, because they were above any price.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In political economy, <i>value</i> is often distinguished as
<i>intrinsic</i> and <i>exchangeable</i>. <i>Intrinsic value</i> is the
same as utility or adaptation to satisfy the desires or wants of men.
<i>Exchangeable value</i> is that in an article or product which disposes
individuals to give for it some quantity of labor, or some other article or
product obtainable by labor; as, pure air has an <i>intrinsic value</i>,
but generally not an <i>exchangeable value</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Precise signification; import; as, the
<i>value</i> of a word; the <i>value</i> of a legal instrument</def>
<i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Esteem; regard.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My relation to the person was so near, and my <i>value</i>
for him so great</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The relative length or duration of
a tone or note, answering to <i>quantity</i> in prosody; thus, a quarter
note [&?;] has the <i>value</i> of two eighth notes [&?;].</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>In an artistical composition, the character of
any one part in its relation to other parts and to the whole; -- often used
in the plural; as, the <i>values</i> are well given, or well
maintained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Valor.</def> [Written also <i>valew</i>.] [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Value received</b></col>, <cd>a phrase usually employed in a
bill of exchange or a promissory note, to denote that a consideration has
been given for it.</cd>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Valued</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Valuing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To estimate the value, or worth, of; to rate at
a certain price; to appraise; to reckon with respect to number, power,
importance, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mind doth <i>value</i> every moment.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The queen is <i>valued</i> thirty thousand
strong.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king must take it ill,<BR>
That he's so slightly <i>valued</i> in his messenger.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither of them <i>valued</i> their promises according to
rules of honor or integrity.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rate highly; to have in high esteem; to hold
in respect and estimation; to appreciate; to prize; as, to <i>value</i> one
for his works or his virtues.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which of the dukes he <i>values</i> most.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To raise to estimation; to cause to have value,
either real or apparent; to enhance in value.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>value</i> themselves to their country by jealousies
of the crown.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be worth; to be equal to in value.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The peace between the French and us not <i>values</i><BR>
The cost that did conclude it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To compute; rate; appraise; esteem; respect; regard;
estimate; prize; appreciate.</p>

<p><hw>Val"ued</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Highly regarded;
esteemed; prized; as, a <i>valued</i> contributor; a <i>valued</i>
friend.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Valued policy</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Policy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Val"ue*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being of no value;
having no worth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"u*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who values; an
appraiser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Value.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Val"va*sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Feud. Law)</i>
<def>See <u>Vavasor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Val*va"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; cf. L.
<i>valvatus</i> having folding doors. See <u>Valve</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of small spiral fresh-water gastropods
having an operculum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Valv"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>valvatus</i> having
folding doors.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling, or serving as, a valve; consisting
of, or opening by, a valve or valves; valvular.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Meeting at the
edges without overlapping; -- said of the sepals or the petals of flowers
in &aelig;stivation, and of leaves in vernation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Opening as if by doors or valves, as most kinds of capsules and some
anthers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Valve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>valva</i> the leaf,
fold, or valve of a door: cf. F. <i>valve</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A door; especially, one of a pair of folding
doors, or one of the leaves of such a door.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Swift through the <i>valves</i> the visionary fair<BR>
Repassed.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Heavily closed, . . . the <i>valves</i> of the barn
doors.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lid, plug, or cover, applied to an aperture so
that by its movement, as by swinging, lifting and falling, sliding,
turning, or the like, it will open or close the aperture to permit or
prevent passage, as of a fluid.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>valve</i> may act automatically so as to be opened by the
effort of a fluid to pass in one direction, and closed by the effort to
pass in the other direction, as a <i>clack valve</i>; or it may be opened
or closed by hand or by mechanism, as a <i>screw valve</i>, or a <i>slide
valve</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One or more membranous
partitions, flaps, or folds, which permit the passage of the contents of a
vessel or cavity in one direction, but stop or retard the flow in the
opposite direction; as, the ileocolic, mitral, and semilunar
<i>valves</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the
pieces into which a capsule naturally separates when it bursts.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the two similar portions of the shell of a
diatom.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A small portion of certain anthers,
which opens like a trapdoor to allow the pollen to escape, as in the
barberry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the pieces or
divisions of bivalve or multivalve shells.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Air valve</b></col>, <col><b>Ball valve</b></col>, <col><b>Check
valve</b></col>, <cd>etc. See under <u>Air</u>. <u>Ball</u>, <u>Check</u>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Double-beat valve</b></col>, <cd>a kind of balance
valve usually consisting of a movable, open-ended, turban-shaped shell
provided with two faces of nearly equal diameters, one above another, which
rest upon two corresponding seats when the valve is closed.</cd> --
<col><b>Equilibrium valve</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A balance
valve. See under <u>Balance</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A valve for
permitting air, steam, water, etc., to pass into or out of a chamber so as
to establish or maintain equal pressure within and without.</cd> --
<col><b>Valve chest</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a chamber in which a
valve works; especially <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, the steam chest; -- called
in England <i>valve box</i>, and <i>valve casing</i>. See <i>Steam
chest</i>, under <u>Steam</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Valve face</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>that part of the surface of a valve which comes in
contact with the <i>valve seat</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Valve gear</b></col>,
or  <col><b>Valve motion</b></col> <i>(Steam Engine)</i>, <cd>the system of
parts by which motion is given to the valve or valves for the distribution
of steam in the cylinder. For an illustration of one form of <i>valve
gear</i>, see <u>Link motion</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Valve seat</b></col>.
<i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The fixed surface on which a valve
rests or against which it presses.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A part or
piece on which such a surface is formed.</cd> -- <col><b>Valve
stem</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a rod attached to a valve, for moving
it.</cd> -- <col><b>Valve yoke</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a strap
embracing a slide valve and connecting it to the valve stem.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Valved</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a valve or valve;
valvate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Valve"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little valve; a
valvule; especially, one of the pieces which compose the outer covering of
a pericarp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Valve"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any fresh-water gastropod of the genus <i>Valvata</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Val"vu*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Valvul&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. fr. L. <i>valva</i> fold,
valve of a door.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A little valve or fold; a valvelet; a
valvule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Valv"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>valvulaire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a valve or valves;
specifically <i>(Med.)</i>, of or pertaining to the valves of the heart;
as, <i>valvular</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing valves; serving as a valve; opening
by valves; valvate; as, a <i>valvular</i> capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Valv"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>valvule</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little valve; a valvelet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small valvelike
process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"yl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Vale</i>rian + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A volatile liquid hydrocarbon,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>6</sub>, related to ethylene and acetylene, but
possessing the property of unsaturation in the third degree. It is the only
known member of a distinct series of compounds. It has a garlic
odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vam"brace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Vantbrass</u>.]
<i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>The piece designed to protect the arm from the
elbow to the wrist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*mose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>vamos</i>
let us go.] <def>To depart quickly; to depart from.</def> [Written also
<i>vamos</i>, and <i>vamoose</i>.] [Slang, Eng. &amp; U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Vamp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To advance; to
travel.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vamp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vampe</i>, <i>vaumpe</i>,
<i>vauntpe</i>, F. <i>avantpied</i> the forefoot, vamp; <i>anat</i> before,
fore + <i>pied</i> foot, L. <i>pes</i>. See <u>Advance</u>, <u>Van</u> of
an army, and <u>Foot</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The part of a boot or shoe above the sole and
welt, and in front of the ankle seam; an upper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any piece added to an old thing to give it a new
appearance. See <u>Vamp</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Vamp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Vamped</u> (?; 215); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Vamping</u>.]
<def>To provide, as a shoe, with new upper leather; hence, to piece, as any
old thing, with a new part; to repair; to patch; -- often followed by
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I had never much hopes of your <i>vamped</i>
play.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vamp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who vamps; one who
pieces an old thing with something new; a cobbler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vamp"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Vaunt</u>.] <def>To
swagger; to make an ostentatious show.</def> [Prov. eng. &amp; Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vam"pire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vampire</i> (cf. It.
<i>vampiro</i>, G. &amp; D. <i>vampir</i>), fr. Servian <i>vampir</i>.]
[Written also <i>vampyre</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A blood-sucking ghost; a soul of a dead person
superstitiously believed to come from the grave and wander about by night
sucking the blood of persons asleep, thus causing their death. This
superstition is now prevalent in parts of Eastern Europe, and was
especially current in Hungary about the year 1730.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The persons who turn <i>vampires</i> are generally wizards,
witches, suicides, and persons who have come to a violent end, or have been
cursed by their parents or by the church,</blockquote> <i>Encyc.
Brit.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: One who lives by preying on others; an
extortioner; a bloodsucker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Either one of two or more
species of South American blood-sucking bats belonging to the genera
<i>Desmodus</i> and <i>Diphylla</i>. These bats are destitute of molar
teeth, but have strong, sharp cutting incisors with which they make
punctured wounds from which they suck the blood of horses, cattle, and
other animals, as well as man, chiefly during sleep. They have a
c&aelig;cal appendage to the stomach, in which the blood with which they
gorge themselves is stored.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of harmless tropical American bats of the genus <i>Vampyrus</i>, especially
<i>V. spectrum</i>.  These bats feed upon insects and fruit, but were
formerly erroneously supposed to suck the blood of man and animals. Called
also <i>false vampire</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vampire bat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a vampire,
3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vam"pir*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vampirisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belief in the existence of vampires.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The actions of a vampire; the practice of
bloodsucking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The practice of extortion.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vam"plate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>avant</i> fore,
fore + E. <i>plate</i>.] <def>A round of iron on the shaft of a tilting
spear, to protect the hand.</def> [Written also <i>vamplet</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Va"mure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Vauntmure</u>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Van</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr. <i>vanguard</i>.]
<def>The front of an army; the first line or leading column; also, the
front line or foremost division of a fleet, either in sailing or in
battle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Standards and gonfalons, twixt <i>van</i> and rear,<BR>
Stream in the air.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Van</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cornish.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
shovel used in cleansing ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To wash or
cleanse, as a small portion of ore, on a shovel.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Van</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviated from
<i>caravan</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A light wagon, either covered or open, used by
tradesmen and others fore the transportation of goods.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large covered wagon for moving furniture,
etc., also for conveying wild beasts, etc., for exhibition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A close railway car for baggage. See the Note
under <u>Car</u>, 2.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Van</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vannus</i> a van, or fan for
winnowing grain: cf. F. <i>van</i>.   Cf. <u>Fan</u>, <u>Van</u> a wing
<u>Winnow</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fan or other contrivance, as a sieve, for
winnowing grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [OF. <i>vanne</i>, F. <i>vanneau</i> beam feather
(cf. It. <i>vanno</i> a wing) fr. L. <i>vannus</i>. See Etymology above.]
<def>A wing with which the air is beaten.</def> [Archaic] "[/Angels] on the
air plumy <i>vans</i> received him. "  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He wheeled in air, and stretched his <i>vans</i> in
vain;<BR>
His <i>vans</i> no longer could his flight sustain.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Van</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vanner</i> to winnow,
to fan. See <u>Van</u> a winnowing machine.] <def>To fan, or to cleanse by
fanning; to winnow.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Van"a*date</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vanadate</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of vanadic acid.</def> [Formerly also
<i>vanadiate</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Va*nad"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or obtained from, vanadium; containing vanadium;
specifically distinguished those compounds in which vanadium has a
relatively higher valence as contrasted with the <i>vanadious</i>
compounds; as, <i>vanadic</i> oxide.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vanadic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an acid analogous to
phosphoric acid, not known in the free state but forming a well-known
series of salts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Va*nad"i*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral occurring in yellowish, and ruby-red hexagonal crystals. It consist
of lead vanadate with a small proportion of lead chloride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*na"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or containing, vanadium; specifically, designating
those compounds in which vanadium has a lower valence as contrasted with
the <i>vanadic</i> compounds; as, <i>vanadious</i> acid.</def> [Sometimes
written also <i>vanadous</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Van"a*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt
of vanadious acid, analogous to a nitrite or a phosphite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*na"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Icel.
<i>Vanad&imacr;s</i>, a surname of the Scandinavian goddess Freya.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare element of the nitrogen-phosphorus group, found
combined, in vanadates, in certain minerals, and reduced as an infusible,
grayish-white metallic powder. It is intermediate between the metals and
the non-metals, having both basic and acid properties. Symbol V (or Vd,
rarely). Atomic weight 51.2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"a*dous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to vanadium; obtained from vanadium; -- said of an acid
containing one equivalent of vanadium and two of oxygen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"a*dyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Vanad</i>ium + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical VO, regarded as a
characterized residue of certain vanadium compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"-cou`ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>avant-
courrier</i>.  See <u>Avant</u>, <u>Van</u> of an army, and <u>Courier</u>,
and cf. <u>Avant-courier</u>, <u>Vaunt-courier</u>.] <def>One sent in
advance; an avant-courier; a precursor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Vandalus</i>,
<i>Vandalius</i>; of Teutonic origin, and probably originally signifying, a
wanderer.  Cf. <u>Wander</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a Teutonic race,
formerly dwelling on the south shore of the Baltic, the most barbarous and
fierce of the northern nations that plundered Rome in the 5th century,
notorious for destroying the monuments of art and literature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, one who willfully destroys or defaces any
work of art or literature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Vandals</i> of our isle,<BR>
Sworn foes to sense and law.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Van"dal</hw> (?), <hw>Van*dal"ic</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Vandals; resembling the Vandals in barbarism
and destructiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"dal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The spirit or
conduct of the Vandals; ferocious cruelty; hostility to the arts and
literature, or willful destruction or defacement of their
monuments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van*dyke"</hw> (v&abreve;n*d&imacr;k"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to the style of Vandyke the painter; used or represented by
Vandyke.</def> "His <i>Vandyke</i> dress." <i>Macaulay.</i> [Written also
<i>Vandyck</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Vandyke brown</b></col> <i>(Paint.)</i>, <cd>a pigment of a deep
semitransparent brown color, supposed to be the color used by Vandyke in
his pictures.</cd> -- <col><b>Vandyke collar</b></col> or
<col><b>cape</b></col>, <cd>a broad collar or cape of linen and lace with a
deep pointed or scalloped edge, worn lying on the shoulders; -- so called
from its appearance in pictures by Vandyke.</cd> -- <col><b>Vandyke
edge</b></col>, <cd>an edge having ornamental triangular points.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Van*dyke"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A picture by Vandyke.
Also, a Vandyke collar, or a Vandyke edge.</def> [Written also
<i>Vandyck</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Van*dyke"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>fit or furnish with a
Vandyke; to form with points or scallops like a Vandyke.</def> [R.]
[Written also <i>Vandyck</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Vane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; E. Prov. E. <i>fane</i>
weathercock, banner, AS. <i>fana</i> a banner, flag; akin to D.
<i>vaan</i>, G. <i>fahne</i>, OHG. <i>fano</i> cloth, gund <i>fano</i>
flag, Icel. <i>f&amacr;ni</i>, Sw. <i>fana</i>, Dan. <i>fane</i>, Goth.
<i>fana</i> cloth, L. <i>pannus</i>, and perhaps to Gr.&?; a web, &?; a
bobbin, spool.  Cf. <u>Fanon</u>, <u>Pane</u> a compartment, panel.]</p>

<p><! p. 1594 !></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A contrivance attached to some elevated object
for the purpose of showing which way the wind blows; a weathercock. It is
usually a plate or strip of metal, or slip of wood, often cut into some
fanciful form, and placed upon a perpendicular axis around which it moves
freely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Aye undiscreet, and changing as a <i>vane</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any flat, extended surface attached to an axis
and moved by the wind; as, the <i>vane</i> of a windmill; hence, a similar
fixture of any form moved in or by water, air, or other fluid; as, the
<i>vane</i> of a screw propeller, a fan blower, an anemometer,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The rhachis and web of a
feather taken together.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the sights of a compass, quadrant,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vane of a leveling staff</b></col>. <i>(Surv.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Target</u>, 3.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Van*es"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from Swift's
poem of Cadenus and <i>Vanessa</i>. See <u>Vanessa</u>, in the Dictionary
of Noted Names in Fiction.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of handsomely colored butterflies belonging to <i>Vanessa</i> and
allied genera. Many of these species have the edges of the wings
irregularly scalloped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van*es"si*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A vanessa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"fess`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>avant-
foss&eacute;</i>; <i>avant</i> before + <i>foss&eacute;</i> ditch.  Cf.
<u>Fosse</u>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A ditch on the outside of the
counterscarp, usually full of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>vangen</i> to catch,
seize. See <u>Fang</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope to steady the peak of a
gaff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"glo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Benne
(<i>Sesamum orientale</i>); also, its seeds; -- so called in the West
Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"guard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>vantguard</i>,
<i>avantguard</i>, F. <i>avant-garde</i>; <i>avant</i> before, fore +
<i>garde</i> guard. See <u>Avant</u>, <u>Ab-</u>,<u>Ante-</u>, and
<u>Guard</u>, and cf. <u>Advance</u>, <u>Vamp</u>, <u>Van</u> of an army,
<u>Vaward</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The troops who march in front of an
army; the advance guard; the van.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Sp.
<i>vainilla</i>, dim. of Sp. <i>vaina</i> a sheath, a pod, L.
<i>vagina</i>; because its grains, or seeds, are contained in little
pods.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of climbing orchidaceous
plants, natives of tropical America.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The long podlike capsules of <i>Vanilla
planifolia</i>, and <i>V. claviculata</i>, remarkable for their delicate
and agreeable odor, for the volatile, odoriferous oil extracted from them;
also, the flavoring extract made from the capsules, extensively used in
confectionery, perfumery, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; As a medicine, <i>vanilla</i> is supposed to possess powers
analogous to valerian, while, at the same time, it is far more
grateful.</p>

<p><col><b>Cuban vanilla</b></col>, <cd>a sweet-scented West Indian
composite shrub (<i>Eupatorium Dalea</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Vanilla
bean</b></col>, <cd>the long capsule of the vanilla plant.</cd> --
<col><b>Vanilla grass</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Holy grass</i>, under
<u>Holy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of vanillic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, vanilla or vanillin; resembling
vanillin; specifically, designating an alcohol and an acid respectively,
vanillin being the intermediate aldehyde.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
white crystalline aldehyde having a burning taste and characteristic odor
of vanilla. It is extracted from vanilla pods, and is also obtained by the
decomposition of coniferin, and by the oxidation of eugenol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"loes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>An inferior kind
of vanilla, the pods of <i>Vanilla Pompona</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"lyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Vanill</i>ic + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical characteristic of
vanillic alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*nil"o*quence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vaniloquentia</i>; <i>vanus</i> vain + <i>loquentia</i> talk,
<i>loqui</i> to speak.] <def>Vain or foolish talk.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Van"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vanished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vanishing</u>.] [OE. <i>vanissen</i>, OF. <i>vanir</i> (in comp.): cf.
OF. <i>envanir</i>, <i>esvanir</i>, <i>esvanu&iuml;r</i>, F.
<i>s'&eacute;vanouir</i>; fr. L. <i>vanus</i> empty, vain; cf. L.
<i>vanescere</i>, <i>evanescere</i>, to vanish. See <u>Vain</u>, and cf.
<u>Evanescent</u>,<u>-ish</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass from a visible to an invisible state; to
go out of sight; to disappear; to fade; as, vapor <i>vanishes</i> from the
sight by being dissipated; a ship <i>vanishes</i> from the sight of
spectators on land.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The horse <i>vanished</i> . . . out of sight.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go; <i>vanish</i> into air; away!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The champions <i>vanished</i> from their posts with the
speed of lightning.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gliding from the twilight past to <i>vanish</i> among
realities.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be annihilated or lost; to pass away.</def>
"All these delights will <i>vanish</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Van"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>The brief
terminal part of vowel or vocal element, differing more or less in quality
from the main part; as, <i>a</i> as in <i>ale</i> ordinarily ends with a
<i>vanish</i> of <i>i</i> as in <i>ill</i>, <i>o</i> as in <i>old</i> with
a vanish of <i>oo</i> as in <i>foot</i>.</def>  <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>vanish</i> is included by Mr. Bell under the general term
<i>glide</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Van"ish*ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Vanish</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Vanishing fraction</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a fraction
which reduces to the form &frac00; for a particular value of the variable
which enters it, usually in consequence of the existence of a common factor
in both terms of the fraction, which factor becomes 0 for this particular
value of the variable.</cd> <i>Math. Dict.</i> -- <col><b>Vanishing
line</b></col> <i>(Persp.)</i>, <cd>the intersection of the parallel of any
original plane and picture; one of the lines converging to the vanishing
point.</cd> -- <col><b>Vanishing point</b></col> <i>(Persp.)</i>, <cd>the
point to which all parallel lines in the same plane tend in the
representation.</cd> <i>Gwilt.</i> -- <col><b>Vanishing stress</b></col>
<i>(Phon.)</i>, <cd>stress of voice upon the closing portion of a
syllable.</cd> <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>Van"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vanishing.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Van"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vanities</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>vanite</i>, <i>vanit&eacute;</i>,
L. <i>vanitas</i>, fr. <i>vanus</i> empty, vain. See <u>Vain</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being vain; want of
substance to satisfy desire; emptiness; unsubstantialness; unrealness;
falsity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vanity</i> of vanities, saith the Preacher, <i>vanity</i>
of vanities; all is <i>vanity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Eccl. i. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here I may well show the <i>vanity</i> of that which is
reported in the story of Walsingham.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inflation of mind upon slight grounds; empty
pride inspired by an overweening conceit of one's personal attainments or
decorations; an excessive desire for notice or approval; pride;
ostentation; conceit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The exquisitely sensitive <i>vanity</i> of Garrick was
galled.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is vain; anything empty, visionary,
unreal, or unsubstantial; fruitless desire or effort; trifling labor
productive of no good; empty pleasure; vain pursuit; idle show;
unsubstantial enjoyment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Vanity of <i>vanities</i>, saith the Preacher.</blockquote>
<i>Eccl. i. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vanity</i> possesseth many who are desirous to know the
certainty of things to come.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Sin] with <i>vanity</i> had filled the works of
men.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Think not, when woman's transient breath is fled,<BR>
That all her <i>vanities</i> at once are dead;<BR>
Succeeding <i>vanities</i> she still regards.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the established characters in the old
moralities and puppet shows. See <u>Morality</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
5.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You . . . take <i>vanity</i> the puppet's part.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Egotism; pride; emptiness; worthlessness; self-
sufficiency. See <u>Egotism</u>, and <u>Pride</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Van"jas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
Australian pied crow shrike (<i>Strepera graculina</i>). It is glossy
bluish black, with the under tail coverts and the tips and bases of the
tail feathers white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A
machine for concentrating ore. See <u>Frue vanner</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"ner hawk`</hw> (?). <def>The kestrel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Van"ning</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A process
by which ores are washed on a shovel, or in a vanner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"quish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vanquished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vanquishing</u>.] [OE. <i>venquishen</i>, <i>venquissen</i>,
<i>venkisen</i>,F. <i>vaincre</i>, pret. <i>vainquis</i>, OF.
<i>veintre</i>, pret. <i>venqui</i>, <i>venquis</i> (cf. an OF. infin.
<i>vainquir</i>), fr. L. <i>vincere</i>; akin to AS. <i>w&imacr;g</i> war,
battle, <i>w&imacr;gant</i> a warrior, <i>w&imacr;gan</i> to fight, Icel.
<i>v&imacr;g</i> battle, Goth. <i>weihan</i> to fight, contend.  Cf.
<u>Convince</u>, <u>Evict</u>, <u>Invincible</u>, <u>Victor</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To conquer, overcome, or subdue in battle, as an
enemy.</def>  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . <i>Vanquished</i> the rebels in all
encounters.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to defeat in any contest; to get the
better of; to put down; to refute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This bold assertion has been fully <i>vanquished</i> in a
late reply to the Bishop of Meaux's treatise.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For e'en though <i>vanquished</i>, he could argue
still.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To conquer; surmount; overcome; confute; silence. See
<u>Conquer</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Van"quish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A disease in
sheep, in which they pine away.</def> [Written also <i>vinquish</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Van"quish*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
vanquished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"quish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, vanquishes.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Van"quish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
vanquishing, or the state of being vanquished.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Van"sire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The native name: cf. F.
<i>vansire</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An ichneumon (<i>Herpestes
galera</i>) native of Southern Africa and Madagascar. It is reddish brown
or dark brown, grizzled with white. Called also <i>vondsira</i>, and
<i>marsh ichneumon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Vaunt</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Van"tage</hw> (v&adot;n"t&asl;j; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aphetic
form of OE. <i>avantage</i>, fr. F. <i>avantage</i>. See
<u>Advantage</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>superior or more favorable situation or
opportunity; gain; profit; advantage.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O happy <i>vantage</i> of a kneeling knee!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Lawn Tennis)</i> <def>The first point after
deuce.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When the server wins this point, it is called <i>vantage in</i>;
when the receiver, or striker out, wins, it is called <i>vantage
out</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>To have at vantage</b></col>, <cd>to have the advantage of; to
be in a more favorable condition than.</cd> "He <i>had</i> them <i>at
vantage</i>, being tired and harassed with a long march." <i>Bacon.</i> --
<col><b>Vantage ground</b></col>, <cd>superiority of state or place; the
place or condition which gives one an advantage over another.</cd> "The
<i>vantage ground</i> of truth.  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is these things that give him his actual standing, and it
is from this <i>vantage ground</i> that he looks around him.</blockquote>
<i>I. Taylor.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Van"tage</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To profit; to aid.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Vant"brace</hw> (?), <hw>Vant"brass</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>avant</i> fore + <i>bras</i> arm: cf. F.
<i>brassard</i> armor for the arm, brace, forearm.  Cf. <u>Vambrace</u>.]
<i>(Anc. Armor)</i> <def>Armor for the arm; vambrace.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Vant"-cou`ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> } <def>An avant-
courier. See <u>Van-courier</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Van"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being on, or towards,
the van, or front.</def> "The <i>vanward</i> frontier."  <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vap</hw> (v&abreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Vapid</u>.]
<def>That which is vapid, insipid, or lifeless; especially, the lifeless
part of liquor or wine.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In vain it is to wash a goblet, if you mean to put into it
nothing but the dead lees and <i>vap</i> of wine.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vap"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vapidus</i> having lost
its lire and spirit, vapid; akin to <i>vappa</i> vapid wine, <i>vapor</i>
vapor. See <u>Vapor</u>.] <def>Having lost its life and spirit; dead;
spiritless; insipid; flat; dull; unanimated; as, <i>vapid</i> beer; a
<i>vapid</i> speech; <i>a vapid</i> state of the blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A cheap, bloodless reformation, a guiltless liberty, appear
flat and <i>vapid</i> to their taste.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Vap"id*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Vap"id*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Va*pid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being vapid; vapidness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"por</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vapour</i>, OF.
<i>vapour</i>, <i>vapor</i>, <i>vapeur</i>, F. <i>vapeur</i>, L.
<i>vapor</i>; probably for <i>cvapor</i>, and akin to Gr. &?; smoke, &?; to
breathe forth, Lith. <i>kvepti</i> to breathe, smell, Russ. <i>kopote</i>
fine soot.  Cf. <u>Vapid</u>.] [Written also <i>vapour</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Any substance in the gaseous,
or a&euml;riform, state, the condition of which is ordinarily that of a
liquid or solid.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The term <i>vapor</i> is sometimes used in a more extended sense,
as identical with <i>gas</i>; and the difference between the two is not so
much one of kind as of degree, the latter being applied to all permanently
elastic fluids except atmospheric air, the former to those elastic fluids
which lose that condition at ordinary temperatures. The atmosphere contains
more or less <i>vapor</i> of water, a portion of which, on a reduction of
temperature, becomes condensed into liquid water in the form of rain or
dew. The <i>vapor</i> of water produced by boiling, especially in its
economic relations, is called <i>steam</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vapor</i> is any substance in the gaseous condition at
the maximum of density consistent with that condition. This is the strict
and proper meaning of the word <i>vapor</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Nichol.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In a loose and popular sense, any visible
diffused substance floating in the atmosphere and impairing its
transparency, as smoke, fog, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>vapour</i> which that fro the earth glood
[glided].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fire and hail; snow and <i>vapors</i>; stormy wind
fulfilling his word.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxlviii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wind; flatulence.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Something unsubstantial, fleeting, or
transitory; unreal fancy; vain imagination; idle talk; boasting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For what is your life? It is even a <i>vapor</i>, that
appeareth for a little time, and then vanisheth away.</blockquote> <i>James
iv. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>An old name for hypochondria, or
melancholy; the blues.</def> "A fit of <i>vapors</i>."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A medicinal agent designed for
administration in the form of inhaled vapor.</def>  <i>Brit. Pharm.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Vapor bath</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A bath in vapor;
the application of vapor to the body, or part of it, in a close place;
also, the place itself.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>A small
metallic drying oven, usually of copper, for drying and heating filter
papers, precipitates, etc.; -- called also <i>air bath</i>. A modified form
is provided with a jacket in the outside partition for holding water, or
other volatile liquid, by which the temperature may be limited exactly to
the required degree.</cd> -- <col><b>Vapor burner</b></col>, <cd>a burner
for burning a vaporized hydrocarbon.</cd> -- <col><b>Vapor
density</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the relative weight of gases and
vapors as compared with some specific standard, usually hydrogen, but
sometimes air. The vapor density of gases and vaporizable substances as
compared with hydrogen, when multiplied by two, or when compared with air
and multiplied by 28.8, gives the molecular weight.</cd> -- <col><b>Vapor
engine</b></col>, <cd>an engine worked by the expansive force of a vapor,
esp. a vapor other than steam.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Va"por</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Vapored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Vaporing</u>.]
[From <u>Vapor</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>: cf. L. <i>vaporare</i>.] [Written
also <i>vapour</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass off in fumes, or as a moist, floating
substance, whether visible or invisible, to steam; to be exhaled; to
evaporate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To emit vapor or fumes.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Running waters <i>vapor</i> not so much as standing
waters.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To talk idly; to boast or vaunt; to
brag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Poets used to <i>vapor</i> much after this
manner.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>vapor</i> and say, By this time Matthews has beaten
them.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"por</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To send off in vapor, or
as if in vapor; as, to <i>vapor</i> away a heated fluid.</def> [Written
also <i>vapour</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He'd laugh to see one throw his heart away,<BR>
Another, sighing, <i>vapor</i> forth his soul.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vap`o*ra*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being vaporable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vap"o*ra*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
converted into vapor by the agency of heat; vaporizable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vap"o*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>vaporare</i>,
<i>vaporatum</i>. See <u>Vapor</u>.] <def>To emit vapor; to
evaporate.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vap`o*ra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vaporation</i>, L. <i>vaporatio</i>.] <def>The act or process of
converting into vapor, or of passing off in vapor; evaporation.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Va"pored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wet
with vapors; moist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with the vapors. See <u>Vapor</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"por*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who vapors; a
braggart.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vaporer moth</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Orgyia</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vap`o*rif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vaporifer</i>; <i>vapor + ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Conveying or
producing vapor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vap`o*rif"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vapor</i> vapor +
<i>facere</i> to make.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Producing vapor; tending to
pass, or to cause to pass, into vapor; thus, volatile fluids are
<i>vaporific</i>; heat is a <i>vaporific</i> agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*por"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Existing in a
vaporous form or state; as, steam is a <i>vaporiform</i>
substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vap`o*rim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Vapor</i> + <i>-
meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the volume or the tension of
any vapor; specifically, an instrument of this sort used as an
alcoholometer in testing spirituous liquors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"por*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Talking idly;
boasting; vaunting.</def> -- <wf>Va"por*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Va"por*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full
of vapors; vaporous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hypochondriacal; affected by hysterics;
splenetic; peevish; humorsome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pallas grew <i>vap'rish</i> once and odd.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vap"o*ri`za*ble</hw> (?; 110), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being vaporized into vapor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vap`o*ri*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vaporisation</i>.] <def>The act or process of vaporizing, or the state
of being converted into vapor; the artificial formation of vapor;
specifically, the conversion of water into steam, as in a steam
boiler.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1595 !></p>

<p><hw>Vap"o*rize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vaporized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vaporizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>vaporiser</i>.] <def>To convert into
vapor, as by the application of heat, whether naturally or
artificially.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vaporizing surface</b></col>. <i>(Steam Boilers)</i> <cd>See
<i>Evaporating surface</i>, under <u>Evaporate</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Vap"o*rize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass off in
vapor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vap"o*ri`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, vaporizes, or converts into vapor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"por*ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of vapor;
vaporous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"por*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vaporosus</i>: cf.
<i>vaporeux</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the form or nature of vapor.</def>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of vapors or exhalations.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The warmer and more <i>vaporous</i> air of the
valleys.</blockquote> <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Producing vapors; hence, windy; flatulent.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The food which is most <i>vaporous</i> and perspirable is
the most easily digested.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Unreal; unsubstantial; vain;
whimsical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>vaporous</i> speculations were
inevitable.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"por*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
vaporous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"por*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full
of vapors; vaporous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hypochondriacal; splenetic; peevish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vap`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vapulare</i> to
be &?;ogged.] <def>The act of beating or whipping.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Va*que"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., cowherd, fr.
<i>vaca</i> a cow, L. <i>vacca</i>.  Cf. <u>Vacher</u>.] <def>One who has
charge of cattle, horses, etc.; a herdsman.</def> [Southwestern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Va"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. See 1st <u>Vare</u>.]
<def>A Spanish measure of length equal to about one yard. The vara now in
use equals 33.385 inches.</def>  <i>Johnson's Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The monitor. See <u>Monitor</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*ran"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the Northmen
who founded a dynasty in Russia in the 9th century; also, one of the
Northmen composing, at a later date, the imperial bodyguard at
Constantinople.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Va*ra"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Ar.
<i>waran</i>, <i>waral</i>; cf. F. <i>varan</i>, from the Arabic.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of very large lizards native of Asia and
Africa. It includes the monitors. See <u>Monitor</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>vara</i> staff, wand, L.
<i>vara</i> forked pole.] <def>A wand or staff of authority or
justice.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His hand a <i>vare</i> of justice did uphold.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
weasel.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Vare widgeon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a female or
young male of the smew; a weasel duck; -- so called from the resemblance of
the head to that of a <i>vare</i>, or weasel.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Var"ec</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>varech</i>; of Teutonic
origin. See <u>Wrack</u> seaweed, wreck.] <def>The calcined ashes of any
coarse seaweed used for the manufacture of soda and iodine; also, the
seaweed itself; fucus; wrack.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Va"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vari</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ringtailed lemur (<i>Lemur catta</i>) of
Madagascar. Its long tail is annulated with black and white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va`ri*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>variabilit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being variable;
variableness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The power possessed by living
organisms, both animal and vegetable, of adapting themselves to
modifications or changes in their environment, thus possibly giving rise to
ultimate variation of structure or function.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>variabilis</i>:
cf. F. <i>variable</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the capacity of varying or changing;
capable of alternation in any manner; changeable; as, <i>variable</i> winds
or seasons; a <i>variable</i> quantity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liable to vary; too susceptible of change;
mutable; fickle; unsteady; inconstant; as, the affections of men are
<i>variable</i>; passions are <i>variable</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest that thy love prove likewise
<i>variable</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His heart, I know, how <i>variable</i> and
vain!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Variable exhaust</b></col> <i>(Steam Eng.)</i>, <cd>a blast pipe
with an adjustable opening.</cd> -- <col><b>Variable quantity</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a variable.</cd> -- <col><b>Variable stars</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>fixed stars which vary in their brightness, usually
in more or less uniform periods.</cd>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Changeable; mutable; fickle; wavering; unsteady;
versatile; inconstant.</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*a*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That
which is variable; that which varies, or is subject to change.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A quantity which may increase or
decrease; a quantity which admits of an infinite number of values in the
same expression; a variable quantity; as, in the equation <i>x<sup>2</sup>
- y<sup>2</sup> = R<sup>2</sup></i>, <i>x</i> and <i>y</i> are
<i>variables</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A shifting
wind, or one that varies in force.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<def>Those parts of the sea where a steady wind is not expected, especially
the parts between the trade-wind belts.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Independent variable</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>that one of
two or more variables, connected with each other in any way whatever, to
which changes are supposed to be given at will. Thus, in the equation
<i>x<sup>2</sup> - y<sup>2</sup> = R<sup>2</sup></i>, if arbitrary changes
are supposed to be given to <i>x</i>, then <i>x</i> is the <i>independent
variable</i>, and <i>y</i> is called a <i>function</i> of <i>x</i>.  There
may be two or more independent variables in an equation or problem.   Cf.
<i>Dependent variable</i>, under <u>Dependent</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being variable; variability.</def>  <i>James i. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*a*bly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a variable
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>variantia</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being variant; change of
condition; variation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Difference that produce dispute or controversy;
disagreement; dissension; discord; dispute; quarrel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That which is the strength of their amity shall prove the
immediate author of their <i>variance</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A disagreement or difference
between two parts of the same legal proceeding, which, to be effectual,
ought to agree, -- as between the writ and the declaration, or between the
allegation and the proof.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A variance</b></col>, <cd>in disagreement; in a state of
dissension or controversy; at enmity.</cd>  "What cause brought him so soon
<i>at variance</i> with himself?"  <i>Milton.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>varians</i>, p. pr.
of <i>variare</i> to change: cf. F. <i>variant</i>. See <u>Vary</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Varying in from, character, or the like;
variable; different; diverse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Changeable; changing; fickle.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He is <i>variant</i>, he abit [abides] nowhere.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>variante</i>.]
<def>Something which differs in form from another thing, though really the
same; as, a <i>variant</i> from a type in natural history; a <i>variant</i>
of a story or a word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>variatus</i>, p. p. of <i>variare</i>. See <u>Vary</u>.] <def>To alter;
to make different; to vary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va`ri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>variatioun</i>,
F. <i>variation</i>, L. <i>variatio</i>. See <u>Vary</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of varying; a partial change in the
form, position, state, or qualities of a thing; modification; alternation;
mutation; diversity; deviation; as, a <i>variation</i> of color in
different lights; a <i>variation</i> in size; <i>variation</i> of
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The essences of things are conceived not capable of any such
<i>variation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extent to which a thing varies; amount of
departure from a position or state; amount or rate of change.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Change of termination of words,
as in declension, conjugation, derivation, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Repetition of a theme or melody
with fanciful embellishments or modifications, in time, tune, or harmony,
or sometimes change of key; the presentation of a musical thought in new
and varied aspects, yet so that the essential features of the original
shall still preserve their identity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Alg.)</i> <def>One of the different arrangements
which can be made of any number of quantities taking a certain number of
them together.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Annual variation</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the yearly
change in the right ascension or declination of a star, produced by the
combined effects of the precession of the equinoxes and the proper motion
of the star.</cd> -- <col><b>Calculus of variations</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Calculus</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Variation compass</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Compass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Variation of the moon</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>an inequality of the moon's motion, depending on the
angular distance of the moon from the sun. It is greater at the octants,
and zero at the quadratures.</cd> -- <col><b>Variation of the
needle</b></col> <i>(Geog. &amp; Naut.)</i>, <cd>the angle included between the
true and magnetic meridians of a place; the deviation of the direction of a
magnetic needle from the true north and south line; -- called also
<i>declination of the needle</i>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Change; vicissitude; variety; deviation.</p>

<p><hw>Var`i*cel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of LL.
<i>variola</i> smallpox.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Chicken pox.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Var"i*ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Varix</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*ric"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Varix</i> + <i>-
form</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Resembling a varix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Var"i*co*cele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Varix</i> a dilated
vein + Gr. &?; tumor: cf. F. <i>varicoc&egrave;le</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A varicose enlargement of the veins of the spermatic cord; also, a
like enlargement of the veins of the scrotum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Var"i*cose`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>varicosus</i>, from <i>varix</i>, <i>-icis</i>, a dilated vein; cf.
<i>varus</i> bent, stretched, crooked.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Irregularly swollen or enlarged; affected with,
or containing, varices, or varicosities; of or pertaining to varices, or
varicosities; as, a <i>varicose</i> nerve fiber; a <i>varicose</i> vein;
<i>varicose</i> ulcers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Intended for the treatment of
varicose veins; -- said of elastic stockings, bandages. and the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Var`i*cos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being varicose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An enlargement or swelling in a vessel, fiber,
or the like; a varix; as, the <i>varicosities</i> of nerve
fibers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Var"i*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Varicose.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Va"ried</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Changed; altered;
various; diversified; as, a <i>varied</i> experience; <i>varied</i>
interests; <i>varied</i> scenery.</def> -- <wf>Va"ried*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>varied</i> fields of science, ever new.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*e*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Variegated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Variegating</u>.] [L. <i>variegatus</i>, p. p. of <i>variegare</i> to
variegate; <i>varius</i> various + <i>agere</i> to move, make. See
<u>Various</u>, and <u>Agent</u>.] <def>To diversify in external
appearance; to mark with different colors; to dapple; to streak; as, to
<i>variegate</i> a floor with marble of different colors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shells are filled with a white spar, which
<i>variegates</i> and adds to the beauty of the stone.</blockquote>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*e*ga`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having marks or
patches of different colors; as, <i>variegated</i> leaves, or
flowers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ladies like <i>variegated</i> tulips show.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va`ri*e*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
variegating or diversifying, or the state of being diversified, by
different colors; diversity of colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Vary</u>.] <def>A
wanderer; one who strays in search of variety.</def> [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pious <i>variers</i> from the church.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va*ri"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a variety; characterizing a variety; constituting a variety, in distinction
from an individual or species.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Perplexed in determining what differences to consider as
specific, and what as <i>varietal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Darwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Va*ri"e*tas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A variety; --
used in giving scientific names, and often abbreviated to
<i>var</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*ri"e*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Varieties</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>varietas</i>: cf. F.
<i>vari&eacute;t&eacute;</i>. See <u>Various</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being various;
intermixture or succession of different things; diversity;
multifariousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Variety</i> is nothing else but a continued
novelty.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>variety</i> of colors depends upon the composition of
light.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For earth this <i>variety</i> from heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>variety</i> in the tempers of good
men.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is various.</def> Specifically: --
</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A number or collection of different things; a
varied assortment; as, a <i>variety</i> of cottons and silks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . wants more time to do that <i>variety</i> of good
which his soul thirsts after.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Something varying or differing from others of
the same general kind; one of a number of things that are akin; a sort; as,
<i>varieties</i> of wood, land, rocks, etc.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An individual, or group of
individuals, of a species differing from the rest in some one or more of
the characteristics typical of the species, and capable either of
perpetuating itself for a period, or of being perpetuated by artificial
means; hence, a subdivision, or peculiar form, of a species.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Varieties</i> usually differ from <i>species</i> in that any
two, however unlike, will generally propagate indefinitely (unless they are
in their nature unfertile, as some varieties of rose and other cultivated
plants); in being a result of climate, food, or other extrinsic conditions
or influences, but generally by a sudden, rather than a gradual,
development; and in tending in many cases to lose their distinctive
peculiarities when the individuals are left to a state of nature, and
especially if restored to the conditions that are natural to typical
individuals of the species. Many varieties of domesticated animals and of
cultivated plants have been directly produced by man.</p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>In inorganic nature, one of those forms in
which a species may occur, which differ in minor characteristics of
structure, color, purity of composition, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; These may be viewed as variations from the typical species in its
most perfect and purest form, or, as is more commonly the case, all the
forms, including the latter, may rank as Varieties. Thus, the sapphire is a
blue variety, and the ruby a red variety, of corundum; again, calcite has
many Varieties differing in form and structure, as Iceland spar, dogtooth
spar, satin spar, and also others characterized by the presence of small
quantities of magnesia, iron, manganese, etc.  Still again, there are
Varieties of granite differing in structure, as graphic granite,
porphyritic granite, and other Varieties differing in composition, as
albitic granite, hornblendic, or syenitic, granite, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Geographical variety</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a variety of
any species which is coincident with a geographical region, and is usually
dependent upon, or caused by, peculiarities of climate.</cd> --
<col><b>Variety hybrid</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a cross between two
individuals of different varieties of the same species; a mongrel.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Diversity; difference; kind.  -- <u>Variety</u>,
<u>Diversity</u>. A man has a <i>variety</i> of employments when he does
many things which are not a mere repetition of the same act; he has a
<i>diversity</i> of employments when the several acts performed are unlike
each other, that is, <i>diverse</i>. In most cases, where there is
<i>variety</i> there will be more or less of <i>diversity</i>, but not
always. One who sells railroad tickets performs a great <i>variety</i> of
acts in a day, while there is but little <i>diversity</i> in his
employment.</p>

<p><blockquote>All sorts are here that all the earth yields!<BR>
<i>Variety</i> without end.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But see in all corporeal nature's scene,<BR>
What changes, what <i>diversities</i>, have been!</blockquote>
<i>Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>varius</i> various
+ <i>-form</i>.] <def>Having different shapes or forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*formed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed with
different shapes; having various forms; variform.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>varius</i> various
+ <i>-fly</i>.] <def>To make different; to vary; to variegate.</def> [R.]
<i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va*ri"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L. <i>varius</i>
various. See <u>Various</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The smallpox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*ri"o*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Variolous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va`ri*o*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inoculation with smallpox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va`ri*ol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Variolous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>varius</i>
various + <i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>variolite</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A
kind of diorite or diabase containing imbedded whitish spherules, which
give the rock a spotted appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va`ri*o*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Variola</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Thickly marked with small, round specks;
spotted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or resembling,
variolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*o*loid</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Variola</i> +
<i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>variolo&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Resembling
smallpox; pertaining to the disease called varioloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*o*loid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>variolo&iuml;de</i>. See <u>Varioloid</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The smallpox as modified by previous inoculation or
vaccination.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is almost always a milder disease than smallpox, and this
circumstance, with its shorter duration, exhibits the salutary effects of
previous vaccination or inoculation.  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va*ri"o*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>variolosus</i>,
fr. <i>variola</i> the smallpox: cf. F. <i>varioleux</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the smallpox; having pits, or sunken impressions,
like those of the smallpox; variolar; variolic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Va`ri*o"rum</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., abbrev. fr. <i>cum
notis variorum</i> with notes of various persons.] <def>Containing notes by
different persons; -- applied to a publication; as, a <i>variorum</i>
edition of a book.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>varius</i>.  Cf.
<u>Vair</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Different; diverse; several; manifold; as, men
of <i>various</i> names; <i>various</i> occupations; <i>various</i>
colors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So many and so <i>various</i> laws are given.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A wit as <i>various</i>, gay, grave, sage, or
wild.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Changeable; uncertain; inconstant;
variable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man so <i>various</i>, that he seemed to be<BR>
Not one, but all mankind's epitome.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The names of mixed modes . . . are very
<i>various</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Variegated; diversified; not
monotonous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A happy rural seat of <i>various</i> view.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In various or
different ways.</def></p>

<p><hw>Var"is*cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from
<i>Variscia</i> in Germany.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An apple-green mineral
occurring in reniform masses. It is a hydrous phosphate of
alumina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*risse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>varice</i>
varix.  Cf. <u>Varix</u>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An imperfection on the inside
of the hind leg in horses, different from a curb, but at the same height,
and frequently injuring the sale of the animal by growing to an unsightly
size.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Va"rix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Varices</b></plw> (#). [L.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A uneven, permanent dilatation of
a vein.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Varices are owing to local retardation of the venous circulation,
and in some cases to relaxation of the parietes of the veins. They are very
common in the superficial veins of the lower limbs.  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1596 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the prominent ridges
or ribs extending across each of the whorls of certain univalve
shells.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The varices usually indicate stages of growth, each one showing a
former position of the outer lip of the aperture.</p>

<p><hw>||Vark</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>varken</i> a pig.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bush hog, or boshvark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Var"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>varlet</i>,
<i>vaslet</i>, <i>vallet</i>, servant, young man, young noble, dim of
<i>vassal</i>. See <u>Vassal</u>, and cf. <u>Valet</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A servant, especially to a knight; an attendant;
a valet; a footman.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser. Tusser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a low fellow; a scoundrel; a rascal; as,
an impudent <i>varlet</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What a brazen-faced <i>varlet</i> art thou !</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In a pack of playing cards, the court card now
called the <i>knave</i>, or <i>jack</i>.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Var"let*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>valeterie</i>
the young unmarried nobles.] <def>The rabble; the crowd; the mob.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall they hoist me up,<BR>
And show me to the shouting <i>varletry</i><BR>
Of censuring Rome.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Var"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vernish</i>, F.
<i>vernis</i>, LL. <i>vernicium</i>; akin to F. <i>vernir</i> to varnish,
fr. (assumed) LL. <i>vitrinire</i> to glaze, from LL. <i>vitrinus</i>
glassy, fr. L. <i>vitrum</i> glass. See <u>Vitreous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A viscid liquid, consisting of a solution of
resinous matter in an oil or a volatile liquid, laid on work with a brush,
or otherwise. When applied the varnish soon dries, either by evaporation or
chemical action, and the resinous part forms thus a smooth, hard surface,
with a beautiful gloss, capable of resisting, to a greater or less degree,
the influences of air and moisture.</def></p>

<p>&fist; According to the sorts of solvents employed, the ordinary kinds
of varnish are divided into three classes: <i>spirit</i>,
<i>turpentine</i>, and <i>oil</i> varnishes.  <i>Encyc. Brit</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which resembles varnish, either naturally
or artificially; a glossy appearance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>varnish</i> of the holly and ivy.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An artificial covering to give a fair appearance
to any act or conduct; outside show; gloss.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And set a double <i>varnish</i> on the fame<BR>
The Frenchman gave you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Varnish tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree or shrub from
the juice or resin of which varnish is made, as some species of the genus
<i>Rhus</i>, especially <i>R. vernicifera</i> of Japan. The black varnish
of Burmah is obtained from the <i>Melanorrh&oelig;a usitatissima</i>, a
tall East Indian tree of the Cashew family. See <u>Copal</u>, and
<u>Mastic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Var"nish</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Varnished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Varnishing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>vernir</i>, <i>vernisser</i>. See
<u>Varnish</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To lay varnish on; to cover with a liquid which
produces, when dry, a hard, glossy surface; as, to <i>varnish</i> a table;
to <i>varnish</i> a painting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover or conceal with something that gives a
fair appearance; to give a fair coloring to by words; to gloss over; to
palliate; as, to <i>varnish</i> guilt.</def> "Beauty doth <i>varnish</i>
age."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Close ambition, <i>varnished</i> o'er with
zeal.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cato's voice was ne'er employed<BR>
To clear the guilty and to <i>varnish</i> crimes.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Var"nish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who varnishes; one whose occupation is to varnish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who disguises or palliates; one who gives a
fair external appearance.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Var"nish*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of laying on
varnish; also, materials for varnish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Var"ta*bed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Armen., a doctor, master,
preceptor.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A doctor or teacher in the Armenian church.
Members of this order of ecclesiastics frequently have charge of dioceses,
with episcopal functions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Va*ru"na</hw> (v&adot;*r&udd;"n&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>Varu&nsdot;a</i>.] <i>(Hindu Myth.)</i> <def>The god of the waters; the
Indian Neptune. He is regarded as regent of the west, and lord of
punishment, and is represented as riding on a sea monster, holding in his
hand a snaky cord or noose with which to bind offenders, under
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Var"vel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vervelle</i>.] <def>In
falconry, one of the rings secured to the ends of the jesses.</def>
[Written also <i>vervel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Var"veled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having varvels, or
rings.</def> [Written also <i>varvelled</i>, and <i>vervelled</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; In heraldry, when the jesses attached to the legs of hawks hang
loose, or have pendent ends with rings at the tips, the blazon is a
<i>hawk</i> (<i>or a hawk's leg</i>) <i>jessed and varveled</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Va"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Varied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Varying</u>.] [OE. <i>varien</i>, F. <i>varier</i>, L. <i>variare</i>,
fr. <i>varius</i> various. See <u>Various</u>, and cf. <u>Variate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To change the aspect of; to alter in form,
appearance, substance, position, or the like; to make different by a
partial change; to modify; as, to <i>vary</i> the properties, proportions,
or nature of a thing; to <i>vary</i> a posture or an attitude; to
<i>vary</i> one's dress or opinions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall we <i>vary</i> our device at will,<BR>
Even as new occasion appears?</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change to something else; to transmute; to
exchange; to alternate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gods, that never change their state,<BR>
<i>Vary</i> oft their love and hate.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are to <i>vary</i> the customs according to the time and
country where the scene of action lies.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To make of different kinds; to make different
from one another; to diversity; to variegate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God hath <i>varied</i> their inclinations.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God hath here<BR>
<i>Varied</i> his bounty so with new delights.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>To embellish; to change
fancifully; to present under new aspects, as of form, key, measure, etc.
See <u>Variation</u>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
alter, or be altered, in any manner; to suffer a partial change; to become
different; to be modified; as, colors <i>vary</i> in different
lights.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That each from other differs, first confess;<BR>
Next, that he <i>varies</i> from himself no less.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To differ, or be different; to be unlike or
diverse; as, the laws of France <i>vary</i> from those of
England.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To alter or change in succession; to alternate;
as, one mathematical quantity <i>varies</i> inversely as another.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While fear and anger, with alternate grace,<BR>
Pant in her breast, and <i>vary</i> in her face.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To deviate; to depart; to swerve; -- followed by
<i>from</i>; as, to <i>vary</i> from the law, or from reason.</def>  <i>
Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To disagree; to be at variance or in dissension;
as, men <i>vary</i> in opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rich jewel which we <i>vary</i> for.</blockquote>
<i>Webster (1623).</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Alteration; change.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"ry*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Vary</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Varying hare</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any hare or
rabbit which becomes white in winter, especially the common hare of the
Northern United States and Canada.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Vas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vasa</b></plw> (#). [L., a vessel. See <u>Vase</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A vessel; a duct.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Vas deferens</b></col>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Vasa
deferentia</b></plw>. [L. <i>vas</i> vessel + <i>deferens</i> carrying
down.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>The excretory duct of a testicle; a spermatic
duct.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vas"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vasculum</i> a
small vessel, dim. of <i>vas</i> vessel: cf. F. <i>vasculaire</i>. See
<u>Vase</u>, and cf. <i>Vessel</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Consisting
of, or containing, vessels as an essential part of a structure; full of
vessels; specifically <i>(Bot.)</i>, pertaining to, or containing, special
ducts, or tubes, for the circulation of sap.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Operating by means of, or made up of an arrangement of, vessels; as,
the <i>vascular</i> system in animals, including the arteries, veins,
capillaries, lacteals, etc.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining
to the vessels of animal and vegetable bodies; as, the <i>vascular</i>
functions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the higher
division of plants, that is, the ph&aelig;nogamous plants, all of which are
vascular, in distinction from the cryptogams, which to a large extent are
cellular only.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vascular plants</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>plants composed in
part of vascular tissue, as all flowering plants and the higher
cryptogamous plants, or those of the class <i>Pteridophyta</i>.  Cf.
<i>Cellular plants</i>, <u>Cellular</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vascular
system</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the body of associated ducts and woody
fiber; the fibrovascular part of plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Vascular
tissue</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>vegetable tissue composed partly of
ducts, or sap tubes.</cd> -- <col><b>Water vascular system</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a system of vessels in annelids, nemerteans, and
many other invertebrates, containing a circulating fluid analogous to
blood, but not of the same composition. In annelids the fluid which they
contain is usually red, but in some it is green, in others yellow, or
whitish.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vas`cu*lar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vascularities</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The quality or
state of being vascular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vas"cu*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One
of the substances of which vegetable tissue is composed, differing from
cellulose in its solubility in certain media.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vas"cu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vascula</b></plw> (#). [L., a small vessel.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Ascidium</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
1.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tin box, commonly cylindrical or flattened,
used in collecting plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vase</hw> (v&amacr;s <i>or</i> v&auml;z; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>vase</i>; cf. Sp. &amp; It. <i>vaso</i>; fr. L.  <i>vas</i>,
<i>vasum</i>.  Cf. <u>Vascular</u>, <u>Vessel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A vessel adapted for various domestic purposes, and anciently for
sacrificial uses; especially, a vessel of antique or elegant pattern used
for ornament; as, a porcelain <i>vase</i>; a gold <i>vase</i>; a Grecian
<i>vase</i>.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Portland vase</i>, under
<u>Portland</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No chargers then were wrought in burnished gold,<BR>
Nor silver <i>vases</i> took the forming mold.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A vessel
similar to that described in the first definition above, or the
representation of one in a solid block of stone, or the like, used for an
ornament, as on a terrace or in a garden. See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Niche</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The body, or naked ground, of
the Corinthian and Composite capital; -- called also <i>tambour</i>, and
<i>drum</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Until the time of Walker (1791), <i>vase</i> was made to rhyme
with <i>base</i>,, <i>case</i>, etc., and it is still commonly so
pronounced in the United States. Walker made it to rhyme with
<i>phrase</i>, <i>maze</i>, etc. Of modern English practice, Mr. A. J.
Ellis (1874) says: "<i>Vase</i> has four pronunciations in English:
<i>v&add;z</i>, which I most commonly say, is going out of use,
<i>v&auml;z</i> I hear most frequently, <i>v&amacr;z</i> very rarely, and
<i>v&amacr;s</i> I only know from Cull's marking. On the analogy of
<i>case</i>, however, it should be the regular sound."
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The calyx of a plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vas"e*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said by the manufacturer
to be derived from G. <i>wasser</i> water + Gr. <grk>'e`laion</grk> olive
oil.] <def>A yellowish translucent substance, almost odorless and
tasteless, obtained as a residue in the purification of crude petroleum,
and consisting essentially of a mixture of several of the higher members of
the paraffin series. It is used as an unguent, and for various purposes in
the arts. See the Note under <u>Petrolatum</u>.</def> [Written also
<i>vaselin</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Vase"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed like a
vase, or like a common flowerpot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vas"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vas</i> a vessel +
<i>-form</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the form of a vessel, or
duct.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vasiform tissue</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>tissue containing
vessels, or ducts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*con*strict"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Causing constriction of the blood vessels; as, the
<i>vasoconstrictor</i> nerves, stimulation of which causes constriction of
the blood vessels to which they go.  These nerves are also called
<i>vasohypertonic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*den"tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vas</i> a
vessel + E. <i>dentine</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A modified form of
dentine, which is permeated by blood capillaries; vascular
dentine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*di*lat"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>[L. <i>vas</i> a
vessel + <i>dilator</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Causing dilation or
relaxation of the blood vessels; as, the <i>vasodilator</i> nerves,
stimulation of which causes dilation of the blood vessels to which they go.
These nerves are also called <i>vaso-inhibitory</i>, and
<i>vasohypotonic</i> nerves, since their stimulation causes relaxation and
rest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*form"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vas</i> a
vessel +  <i>formative</i>] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Concerned in the
development and formation of blood vessels and blood corpuscles; as, the
<i>vasoformative</i> cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vas`o-in*hib"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>See <u>Vasodilator</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vas`o*mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vas</i> a vessel
+ <i>motor</i> that which moves fr. <i>movere</i> to move.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Causing movement in the walls of vessels; as, the
<i>vasomotor</i> mechanisms; the <i>vasomotor</i> nerves, a system of
nerves distributed over the muscular coats of the blood vessels.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vasomotor center</b></col>, <cd>the chief dominating or general
center which supplies all the unstriped muscles of the arterial system with
motor nerves, situated in a part of the medulla oblongata; a center of
reflex action by the working of which afferent impulses are changed into
efferent, -- vasomotor impulses leading either to dilation or constriction
of the blood vessels.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vas"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL.
<i>vassallus</i>, <i>vassus</i>; of Celtic origin; cf. W. &amp; Corn.
<i>gwas</i> a youth, page, servant, Arm. <i>gwaz</i> a man, a male.  Cf.
<u>Valet</u>, <u>Varlet</u>, <u>Vavasor</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Feud. Law)</i> <def>The grantee of a fief, feud,
or fee; one who holds land of superior, and who vows fidelity and homage to
him; a feudatory; a feudal tenant.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A subject; a dependent; a servant; a
slave.</def> "The <i>vassals</i> of his anger."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Rear vassal</b></col>, <cd>the vassal of a vassal; an arriere
vassal.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vas"sal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a vassal;
slavish; servile.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun and every <i>vassal</i> star.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vas"sal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat as a vassal; to
subject to control; to enslave.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vas"sal*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vassalage</i>, F.
<i>vasselage</i>, LL. <i>vassallaticum</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of being a vassal, or
feudatory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Political servitude; dependence; subjection;
slavery; as, the Greeks were held in <i>vassalage</i> by the
Turks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A territory held in vassalage.</def> "The
Countship of Foix, with six territorial <i>vassalages</i>."
<i>Milman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Vassals, collectively; vassalry.</def> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Valorous service, such as that performed by a
vassal; valor; prowess; courage.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vas"sal*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female vassal.</def>
[R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vas"sal*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The body of
vassals.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vast</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Vaster</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Vastest</u>.] [L.
<i>vastus</i> empty, waste, enormous, immense: cf. F. <i>vaste</i>. See
<u>Waste</u>, and cf. <u>Devastate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Waste; desert; desolate; lonely.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The empty, <i>vast</i>, and wandering air.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of great extent; very spacious or large; also,
huge in bulk; immense; enormous; as, the <i>vast</i> ocean; <i>vast</i>
mountains; the <i>vast</i> empire of Russia.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through the <i>vast</i> and boundless deep.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Very great in numbers, quantity, or amount; as,
a <i>vast</i> army; a <i>vast</i> sum of money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Very great in importance; as, a subject of
<i>vast</i> concern.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Enormous; huge; immense; mighty.</p>

<p><hw>Vast</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A waste region; boundless
space; immensity.</def> "The watery <i>vast</i>."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Michael bid sound<BR>
The archangel trumpet. Through the <i>vast</i> of heaven<BR>
It sounded.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vas*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vastatio</i>, fr.
<i>vastare</i> to lay waste, fr. <i>vastus</i> empty, waste.] <def>A laying
waste; waste; depopulation; devastation.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vas"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Wastel</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vas*tid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>vastit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>vastitas</i>.] <def>Vastness; immensity.</def>
[Obs.] "All the world's <i>vastidity</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vas"ti*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vastitudo</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Vastness; immense extent.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destruction; vastation.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vast"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vastitas</i>.]
<def>Vastness.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The huge <i>vastity</i> of the world.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vast"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>To a vast extent or
degree; very greatly; immensely.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vast"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being vast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vas"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Vast</u>.] <def>Vast;
immense.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I can call spirits from the <i>vasty</i> deep.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Va"sum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a vase. See
<u>Vase</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus including several species of
large marine gastropods having massive pyriform shells, with conspicuous
folds on the columella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A dialectic form for <i>fat</i>,
OE. <i>fat</i>, AS. <i>f&aelig;t</i>; akin to D. <i>vat</i>, OS.
<i>fat</i>, G. <i>fass</i>, OHG. <i>faz</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>fat</i>, Dan.
<i>fad</i>, Lith. <i>p&?;das</i> a pot, and probably to G. <i>fassen</i> to
seize, to contain, OHG. <i>fazz&?;n</i>, D. <i>vatten</i>.   Cf. <u>Fat</u>
a vat.] </p>

<p><! p. 1597 !></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large vessel, cistern, or tub, especially one
used for holding in an immature state, chemical preparations for dyeing, or
for tanning, or for tanning leather, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him produce his <i>vase</i> and tubs, in opposition to
heaps of arms and standards.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A measure for liquids, and also a dry measure;
especially, a liquid measure in Belgium and Holland, corresponding to the
hectoliter of the metric system, which contains 22.01 imperial gallons, or
26.4 standard gallons in the United States.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The old Dutch grain vat averaged 0.762 Winchester bushel. The old
London coal vat contained 9 bushels. The solid-measurement vat of Amsterdam
contains 40 cubic feet; the wine vat, 241.57 imperial gallons, and the vat
for olive oil, 225.45 imperial gallons.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A wooden tub
for washing ores and mineral substances in.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A square, hollow place on the back of a calcining furnace, where tin
ore is laid to dry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A vessel for holding holy
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vat</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vatted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vatting</u>.] <def>To put or transfer into a vat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vat"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vatfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a vat will hold; enough to
fill a vat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vat"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vates</i> a
prophet.] <def>Of or pertaining to a prophet; prophetical.</def>  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vat"i*can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Vaticanus</i>,
<i>mons</i>, or <i>collis</i>, <i>Vaticanus</i>, the Vatican hill, in Rome,
on the western bank of the Tiber: cf. F. <i>Vatican</i>, It.
<i>Vaticano</i>.] <def>A magnificent assemblage of buildings at Rome, near
the church of St. Peter, including the pope's palace, a museum, a library,
a famous chapel, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word is often used to indicate the papal authority.</p>

<p><col><b>Thunders of the Vatican</b></col>, <cd>the anathemas, or
denunciations, of the pope.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vat"i*can*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine of
papal supremacy; extreme views in support of the authority of the pope;
ultramontanism; -- a term used only by persons who are not Roman
Catholics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vat"i*can*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who strongly
adheres to the papal authority; an ultramontanist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vat"i*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vates</i> a prophet
+ <i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>The murder, or the murderer, of a
prophet.</def> "The caitiff <i>vaticide</i>."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va*tic"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Vaticinate</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to prophecy; prophetic.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va*tic"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vaticinatus</i>, p. p. of <i>vaticinari</i> to prophesy, fr.
<i>vaticinus</i> prophetical, fr. <i>vates</i> a prophet.] <def>To
prophesy; to foretell; to practice prediction; to utter
prophecies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*tic`i*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vaticinatio</i>.] <def>Prediction; prophecy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not a false utterance; it is a true, though an
impetuous, <i>vaticination</i>.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va*tic"i*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
vaticinates; a prophet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vat"i*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vaticinium</i>.]
<def>A prediction; a vaticination.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vaude"ville</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>Vau-de-
vire</i>, a village in Normandy, where Olivier Basselin, at the end of the
14th century, composed such songs.] [Written also <i>vaudevil</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of song of a lively character, frequently
embodying a satire on some person or event, sung to a familiar air in
couplets with a refrain; a street song; a topical song.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A theatrical piece, usually a comedy, the
dialogue of which is intermingled with light or satirical songs, set to
familiar airs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The early <i>vaudeville</i>, which is the forerunner of the
opera bouffe, was light, graceful, and piquant.</blockquote> <i>Johnson's
Cyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vau*dois</hw> (v&omacr;*dw&auml;"), <pos><i>n. sing. &
pl.</i></pos> [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inhabitant, or the
inhabitants, of the Swiss canton of Vaud.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A modern name of the Waldenses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vau*doux"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Voodoo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vault</hw> (v&add;lt; <i>see Note, below</i>), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>voute</i>, OF. <i>voute</i>, <i>volte</i>, F. <i>vo&ucirc;te</i>,
LL. <i>volta</i>, for <i>voluta</i>, <i>volutio</i>, fr. L. <i>volvere</i>,
<i>volutum</i>, to roll, to turn about. See <u>Voluble</u>, and cf.
<u>Vault</u> a leap, <u>Volt</u> a turn, <u>Volute</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An arched structure of masonry,
forming a ceiling or canopy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The long-drawn aisle and fretted <i>vault</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An arched apartment; especially, a subterranean
room, use for storing articles, for a prison, for interment, or the like; a
cell; a cellar.</def> "Charnel <i>vaults</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The silent <i>vaults</i> of death.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To banish rats that haunt our <i>vault</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The canopy of heaven; the sky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That heaven's <i>vault</i> should crack.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [F. <i>volte</i>, It. <i>volta</i>, originally, a
turn, and the same word as <i>volta</i> an arch. See the Etymology above.]
<def>A leap or bound.</def> Specifically: -- <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Man.)</i> <def>The bound or leap of a horse; a curvet.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A leap by aid of the hands, or of a pole,
springboard, or the like.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>l</i> in this word was formerly often suppressed in
pronunciation.</p>

<p><col><b>Barrel</b></col>, <col><b>Cradle</b></col>,
<col><b>Cylindrical</b></col>, or <col><b>Wagon</b></col>,
<col><b>vault</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a kind of vault having two
parallel abutments, and the same section or profile at all points. It may
be <i>rampant</i>, as over a staircase (see <i>Rampant vault</i>, under
<u>Rampant</u>), or curved in plan, as around the apse of a church.</cd> --
<col><b>Coved vault</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See under 1st
<u>Cove</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Groined
vault</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a vault having groins, that is, one in
which different cylindrical surfaces intersect one another, as
distinguished from a <i>barrel</i>, or <i>wagon</i>, <i>vault</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Rampant vault</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Rampant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Ribbed vault</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>a vault differing from others in having solid ribs which bear the
weight of the vaulted surface. True Gothic vaults are of this
character.</cd> -- <col><b>Vault light</b></col>, <cd>a partly glazed plate
inserted in a pavement or ceiling to admit light to a vault below.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vault</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vaulted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vaulting</u>.] [OE. <i>vouten</i>, OF. <i>volter</i>, <i>vouter</i>, F.
<i>vo&ucirc;ter</i>. See <u>Vault</u> an arch.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form with a vault, or to cover with a vault;
to give the shape of an arch to; to arch; as, <i>vault</i> a roof; to
<i>vault</i> a passage to a court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shady arch that <i>vaulted</i> the broad green
alley.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [See <u>Vault</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To
leap over; esp., to leap over by aid of the hands or a pole; as, to
<i>vault</i> a fence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>vault</i> credit, and affect high
pleasures.</blockquote> <i>Webster (1623).</i></p>

<p><hw>Vault</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>volter</i>, F.
<i>voltiger</i>, It. <i>volt&?;re</i> turn. See <u>Vault</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To leap; to bound; to jump; to spring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vaulting</i> ambition, which o'erleaps
itself.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Leaning on his lance, he <i>vaulted</i> on a
tree.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lucan <i>vaulted</i> upon Pegasus with all the heat and
intrepidity of youth.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To exhibit feats of tumbling or leaping; to
tumble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vault"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vaulted work; also, a
vaulted place; an arched cellar.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vault"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Arched;
concave; as, a <i>vaulted</i> roof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covered with an arch, or vault.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Arched like the roof of the mouth,
as the upper lip of many ringent flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vault"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who vaults; a
leaper; a tumbler.</def>  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vault"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of constructing vaults; a vaulted construction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Act of one who vaults or leaps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vault"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Arched; concave.</def>
[Obs.] "The <i>vaulty</i> heaven."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vaunce</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Advance</u>.]
<def>To advance.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vaunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vaunted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vaunting</u>.] [F. <i>vanter</i>, LL. <i>vanitare</i>, fr. L.
<i>vanus</i> vain. See <u>Vain</u>.] <def>To boast; to make a vain display
of one's own worth, attainments, decorations, or the like; to talk
ostentatiously; to brag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pride, which prompts a man to <i>vaunt</i> and overvalue
what he is, does incline him to disvalue what he has.</blockquote> <i>Gov.
of Tongue.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vaunt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To boast of; to make a vain
display of; to display with ostentation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Charity <i>vaunteth</i> not itself, is not puffed
up.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. xiii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My vanquisher, spoiled of his <i>vaunted</i>
spoil.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vaunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vain display of what one is,
or has, or has done; ostentation from vanity; a boast; a brag.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The spirits beneath, whom I seduced<BR>
With other promises and other <i>vaunts</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vaunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>avant</i> before, fore. See
<u>Avant</u>, <u>Vanguard</u>.] <def>The first part.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vaunt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Avant</u>,
<u>Advance</u>.] <def>To put forward; to display.</def> [Obs.]
"<i>Vaunted</i> spear."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And what so else his person most may
<i>vaunt</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vaunt"-cou`ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Van-
courier</u>.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vaunt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who vaunts; a
boaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vaunt"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to vaunting or
boasting; vainly ostentatious; boastful; vainglorious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vaunt"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a vaunting
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vaunt"mure`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>avant-mur</i>. See
<u>Vanguard</u>, and <u>Mure</u>.] <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>A false wall; a work
raised in front of the main wall.</def> [Written also <i>vaimure</i>, and
<i>vamure</i>.]  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vauque"lin*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called after the
French chemist <i>Vauquelin</i>, who died in 1829: cf. F.
<i>vauquelinite</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Chromate of copper and lead, of
various shades of green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vaut</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To vault; to leap.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vaut</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vault; a leap.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vaut"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vaulted.</def> "The
haughty <i>vauty</i> welkin." [Obs.]  <i>Taylor (1611).</i></p>

<p><hw>Vav"a*sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vavasour</i>, OF.
<i>vavassor</i>, <i>vavassour</i>, F. <i>vavasseur</i>, LL.
<i>vavassor</i>, probably contr. from <i>vassus vassorum</i> vassal of the
vassals. See <u>Vassal</u>.] <i>(Feud. Law)</i> <def>The vassal or tenant
of a baron; one who held under a baron, and who also had tenants under him;
one in dignity next to a baron; a title of dignity next to a baron.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i> "A worthy <i>vavasour</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i> [Also written
<i>vavasour</i>, <i>vavassor</i>, <i>valvasor</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vavasours</i> subdivide again to vassals, exchanging land
and cattle, human or otherwise, against fealty.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vav"a*so*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vavassorie</i>.]
<i>(Feud. Law)</i> <def>The quality or tenure of the fee held by a vavasor;
also, the lands held by a vavasor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"ward`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>vanward</i>,
equivalent to <i>vanguard</i>. See <u>Vanguard</u>, <u>Ward</u> guard.]
<def>The fore part; van.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Since we have the <i>vaward</i> of the day.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Va"za par`rot</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of parrots of the genus <i>Coracopsis</i>, native of Madagascar; --
called also <i>vasa parrot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve"a*dar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The thirteenth, or
intercalary, month of the Jewish ecclesiastical calendar, which is added
about every third year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Veal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[OE. <i>veel</i>, OF.
<i>veel</i>, F. <i>veau</i>, L. <i>vitellus</i>, dim. of <i>vitulus</i> a
calf; akin to E. <i>wether</i>. See <u>Wether</u>, and cf. <u>Vellum</u>,
<u>Vituline</u>.] <def>The flesh of a calf when killed and used for
food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vectio</i>, from
<i>vehere</i>, <i>vectum</i>, to carry.] <def>Vectitation.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vec`ti*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vectitatus</i>
born&?; about, fr. <i>ve&?;tare</i>, v. intens. fr. <i>vehere</i>,
<i>vectum</i>, to carry.] <def>The act of carrying, or state of being
carried.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vec"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a bearer, carrier. fr.
<i>vehere</i>, <i>vectum</i>, to carry.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Same as
<u>Radius vector</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A directed quantity, as a
straight line, a force, or a velocity. Vectors are said to be equal when
their directions are the same their magnitudes equal.  Cf.
<u>Scalar</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a triangle, either side is the <i>vector sum</i> of the other
two sides taken in proper order; the process finding the vector sum of two
or more vectors is <i>vector addition</i> (see under <u>Addition</u>).</p>

<p><hw>Vec"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vectura</i>, from
<i>vehere</i>, <i>vectum</i>, to carry.  Cf. <u>Vettura</u>,
<u>Voiture</u>.] <def>The act of carrying; conveyance; carriage.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve"da</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>v&?;da</i>,
properly, knowledge, from <i>vid</i> to know. See <u>Wit</u>.] <def>The
ancient sacred literature of the Hindus; also, one of the four collections,
called <i>Rig-Veda</i>, <i>Yajur-Veda</i>, <i>Sama-Veda</i>, and
<i>Atharva-Veda</i>, constituting the most ancient portions of that
literature.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The language of the Vedas is usually called <i>Vedic
Sanskrit</i>, as distinguished from the later and more settled form called
<i>classical Sanskrit</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ve*dan"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>V&?;danta</i>.]
<def>A system of philosophy among the Hindus, founded on scattered texts of
the Vedas, and thence termed the "Anta," or end or substance.</def>
<i>Balfour (Cyc. of India.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*dan"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Vedas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*dan"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed in the
doctrines of the Vedantas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*dette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vedette</i>, It.
<i>vedetta</i>, for <i>veletta</i> (influenced by <i>vedere</i> to see, L.
<i>videre</i>), from It. <i>veglia</i> watch, L. <i>vigilia</i>. See
<u>Vigil</u>.] <def>A sentinel, usually on horseback, stationed on the
outpost of an army, to watch an enemy and give notice of danger; a
vidette.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve"dro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.] <def>A Russian liquid
measure, equal to 3.249 gallons of U. S. standard measure, or 2.706
imperial gallons.</def>  <i>McElrath.</i></p>

<p><hw>Veer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Veered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Veering</u>.] [F. <i>virer</i> (cf. Sp. <i>virar</i>, <i>birar</i>), LL.
<i>virare</i>; perhaps fr. L. <i>vibrare</i> to brandish, vibrate (cf.
<u>Vibrate</u>); or cf. L. <i>viriae</i> armlets, bracelets, <i>viriola</i>
a little bracelet (cf. <u>Ferrule</u>).  Cf. <u>Environ</u>.] <def>To
change direction; to turn; to shift; as, wind <i>veers</i> to the west or
north.</def> "His <i>veering</i> gait."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And as he leads, the following navy
<i>veers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>an ordinary community which is hostile or friendly as
passion or as interest may <i>veer</i> about.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To veer and haul</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to vary the
course or direction; -- said of the wind, which <i>veers</i> aft and
<i>hauls</i> forward. The wind is also said to <i>veer</i> when it shifts
with the sun.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Veer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To direct to a different
course; to turn; to wear; as, to <i>veer</i>, or wear, a vessel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To veer and haul</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to pull tight and
slacken alternately.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>To veer away</b></col>
or <col><b>out</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to let out; to slacken and let
run; to pay out; as, <i>to veer away</i> the cable; <i>to veer out</i> a
rope.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Veer"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shifting.</def> --
<wf>Veer"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Veer"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
American thrush (<i>Turdus fuscescens</i>) common in the Northern United
States and Canada. It is light tawny brown above. The breast is pale buff,
thickly spotted with brown. Called also <i>Wilson's thrush</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes I hear the <i>veery's</i> clarion.</blockquote>
<i>Thoreau.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve"ga</hw> (v&emacr;"g&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
[Ar. <i>w&amacr;gi'</i>, properly, falling: cf. F. <i>W&eacute;ga</i>.]
<def>A brilliant star of the first magnitude, the brightest of those
constituting the constellation Lyra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*ta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being vegetable.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>v&eacute;g&eacute;table</i> growing, capable of growing, formerly also,
as a noun, a vegetable, from L. <i>vegetabilis</i> enlivening, from
<i>vegetare</i> to enliven, invigorate, quicken, <i>vegetus</i> enlivened,
vigorous, active, <i>vegere</i> to quicken, arouse, to be lively, akin to
<i>vigere</i> to be lively, to thrive, <i>vigil</i> watchful, awake, and
probably to E. <i>wake</i>, v. See <u>Vigil</u>, <u>Wake</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to plants; having the nature
of, or produced by, plants; as, a <i>vegetable</i> nature; <i>vegetable</i>
growths, juices, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blooming ambrosial fruit<BR>
Of <i>vegetable</i> gold.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or comprising, plants; as, the
<i>vegetable</i> kingdom.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vegetable alkali</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an alkaloid.</cd>
-- <col><b>Vegetable brimstone</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Vegetable sulphur</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable butter</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of several kinds of concrete vegetable oil; as
that produced by the Indian butter tree, the African shea tree, and the
<i>Pentadesma butyracea</i>, a tree of the order <i>Guttifer&aelig;</i>,
also African. Still another kind is pressed from the seeds of cocoa
(<i>Theobroma</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable flannel</b></col>, <cd>a
textile material, manufactured in Germany from pine-needle wool, a down or
fiber obtained from the leaves of the <i>Pinus sylvestris</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Vegetable ivory</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Ivory nut</i>, under
<u>Ivory</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable jelly</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Pectin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable kingdom</b></col>. <i>(Nat.
Hist.)</i> <cd>See the last Phrase, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable
leather</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>A shrubby West
Indian spurge (<i>Euphorbia punicea</i>), with leathery foliage and crimson
bracts.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>Vegetable leather</i>, under
<u>Leather</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable marrow</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an egg-shaped gourd, commonly eight to ten inches long. It is noted for
the very tender quality of its flesh, and is a favorite culinary vegetable
in England. It has been said to be of Persian origin, but is now thought to
have been derived from a form of the American pumpkin.</cd> --
<col><b>Vegetable oyster</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the oyster plant. See
under <u>Oyster</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable parchment</b></col>,
<cd>papyrine.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable sheep</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a white woolly plant (<i>Raoulia eximia</i>) of New Zealand, which
grows in the form of large fleecy cushions on the mountains.</cd> --
<col><b>Vegetable silk</b></col>, <cd>a cottonlike, fibrous material
obtained from the coating of the seeds of a Brazilian tree (<i>Chorisia
speciosa</i>). It us used for various purposes, as for stuffing, and the
like, but is incapable of being spun on account of a want of cohesion among
the fibers.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable sponge</b></col>. <cd>See 1st
<u>Loof</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable sulphur</b></col>, <cd>the fine
highly inflammable spores of the club moss (<i>Lycopodium clavatum</i>);
witch.</cd> -- <col><b>Vegetable tallow</b></col>, <cd>a substance
resembling tallow, obtained from various plants; as, <i>Chinese vegetable
tallow</i>, obtained from the seeds of the tallow tree. <i>Indian vegetable
tallow</i> is a name sometimes given to piney tallow.</cd> --
<col><b>Vegetable wax</b></col>, <cd>a waxy excretion on the leaves or
fruits of certain plants, as the bayberry.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1598 !></p>

<p><col><b>Vegetable kingdom</b></col> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>, <cd>that
primary division of living things which includes all plants. The classes of
the vegetable kingdom have been grouped differently by various botanists.
The following is one of the best of the many arrangements of the principal
subdivisions.</cd></p>

<p>
I. <u>Ph&aelig;nogamia</u> (called also <u>Phanerogamia</u>). <def>Plants
having distinct flowers and true seeds.</def> { 1. <u>Dicotyledons</u>
(called also <u>Exogens</u>). -- Seeds with two or more cotyledons. Stems
with the pith, woody fiber, and bark concentrically arranged. Divided into
two subclasses: <u>Angiosperms</u>, having the woody fiber interspersed
with dotted or annular ducts, and the seed contained in a true ovary;
<u>Gymnosperms</u>, having few or no ducts in the woody fiber, and the
seeds naked.  2. <u>Monocotyledons</u> (called also <u>Endogens</u>). --
Seeds with single cotyledon. Stems with slender bundles of woody fiber not
concentrically arranged, and with no true bark.}</p>

<p>II. <u>Cryptogamia</u>. <def>Plants without true flowers, and reproduced
by minute spores of various kinds, or by simple cell division.</def> { 1.
<u>Acrogens</u>. -- Plants usually with distinct stems and leaves, existing
in two alternate conditions, one of which is nonsexual and sporophoric, the
other sexual and o&ouml;phoric. Divided into <u>Vascular Acrogens</u>, or
<u>Pteridophyta</u>, having the sporophoric plant conspicuous and
consisting partly of vascular tissue, as in Ferns, Lycopods, and Equiseta,
and <u>Cellular Acrogens</u>, or <u>Bryophyta</u>, having the sexual plant
most conspicuous, but destitute of vascular tissue, as in Mosses and Scale
Mosses. 2. <u>Thallogens</u>. -- Plants without distinct stem and leaves,
consisting of a simple or branched mass of cellular tissue, or educed to a
single cell. Reproduction effected variously. Divided into
<u>Alg&aelig;</u>, which contain chlorophyll or its equivalent, and which
live upon air and water, and <u>Fungi</u>, which contain no chlorophyll,
and live on organic matter. (Lichens are now believed to be fungi parasitic
on included alg&aelig;.}
</p>

<p>&fist; Many botanists divide the Ph&aelig;nogamia primarily into
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms, and the latter into Dicotyledons and
Monocotyledons. Others consider Pteridophyta and Bryophyta to be separate
classes. Thallogens are variously divided by different writers, and the
places for diatoms, slime molds, and stoneworts are altogether
uncertain.</p>

<p>   For definitions, see these names in the Vocabulary.</p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A plant. See <u>Plant</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plant used or cultivated for food for man or
domestic animals, as the cabbage, turnip, potato, bean, dandelion, etc.;
also, the edible part of such a plant, as prepared for market or the
table.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Vegetables</i> and <i>fruits</i> are sometimes loosely
distinguished by the usual need of cooking the former for the use of man,
while the latter may be eaten raw; but the distinction often fails, as in
the case of quinces, barberries, and other fruits, and lettuce, celery, and
other vegetables.  Tomatoes if cooked are vegetables, if eaten raw are
fruits.</p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>v&eacute;g&eacute;tal</i>. See <u>Vegetable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to vegetables, or the vegetable
kingdom; of the nature of a vegetable; vegetable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All creatures <i>vegetal</i>, sensible, and
rational.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, that class of vital phenomena, such as digestion, absorption,
assimilation, secretion, excretion, circulation, generation, etc., which
are common to plants and animals, in distinction from <i>sensation</i> and
<i>volition</i>, which are peculiar to animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A vegetable.</def>
[R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*tal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being vegetal, or vegetable.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The quality or state of being
vegetal, or exhibiting those physiological phenomena which are common to
plants and animals. See <u>Vegetal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*ta"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds
that vegetables and fruits are the only proper food for man.  Strict
vegetarians eat no meat, eggs, or milk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*ta"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
vegetarianism; as, a <i>vegetarian</i> diet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*ta"ri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The theory or
practice of living upon vegetables and fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vegetated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vegetating</u>.] [L. <i>vegetatus</i>, p. p. of <i>vegetare</i> to
enliven. See <u>Vegetable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To grow, as plants, by nutriment imbibed by
means of roots and leaves; to start into growth; to sprout; to
germinate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See dying vegetables life sustain,<BR>
See life dissolving <i>vegetate</i> again.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To lead a live too low for an animate
creature; to do nothing but eat and grow.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Persons who . . . would have <i>vegetated</i> stupidly in
the places where fortune had fixed them.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To grow exuberantly; to produce
fleshy or warty outgrowths; as, a <i>vegetating</i> papule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Veg`e*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>v&eacute;g&eacute;tation</i>, L. <i>vegetatio</i> an enlivening. See
<u>Vegetable</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of vegetating, or growing as
a plant does; vegetable growth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sum of vegetable life; vegetables or plants
in general; as, luxuriant <i>vegetation</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An exuberant morbid outgrowth upon
any part, especially upon the valves of the heart.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vegetation of salts</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
crystalline growth of an arborescent form.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>v&eacute;g&eacute;tatif</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Growing, or having the power of growing, as
plants; capable of vegetating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having the power to produce growth in plants;
as, the <i>vegetative</i> properties of soil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having relation to growth or
nutrition; partaking of simple growth and enlargement of the systems of
nutrition, apart from the sensorial or distinctively animal functions;
vegetal.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Veg"e*ta*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Veg"e*ta*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ve*gete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vegetus</i>. See
<u>Vegetable</u>.] <def>Lively; active; sprightly; vigorous.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Even her body was made airy and <i>vegete</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Vegetate</u>, and
<u>Vegetative</u>.] <def>Having the nature of a plant; vegetable; as,
<i>vegetive</i> life.</def> [R.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vegetable.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The blest infusions<BR>
That dwell in <i>vegetives</i>, in metals, stones.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*to-an"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Partaking of the nature both of vegetable and animal matter; -- a term
sometimes applied to vegetable albumen and gluten, from their resemblance
to similar animal products.</def></p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vegetus</i>. See
<u>Vegete</u>.] <def>Vigorous; lively; active; vegete.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve"he*mence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vehementia</i>:
cf. F. <i>v&eacute;h&eacute;mence</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality pr state of being vehement;
impetuous force; impetuosity; violence; fury; as, the
<i>vehemence</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Violent ardor; great heat; animated fervor; as,
the <i>vehemence</i> of love, anger, or other passions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . tremble at his <i>vehemence</i> of
temper.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve"he*men*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vehemence.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>vehemency</i> of your affection.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve"he*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vehemens</i>, the
first part of which is perhaps akin to <i>vehere</i> to carry, and the
second <i>mens</i> mind: cf. F. <i>v&eacute;h&eacute;ment</i>.  Cf.
<u>Vehicle</u>, and <u>Mental</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Acting with great force; furious; violent;
impetuous; forcible; mighty; as, <i>vehement</i> wind; a <i>vehement</i>
torrent; a <i>vehement</i> fire or heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very ardent; very eager or urgent; very fervent;
passionate; as, a <i>vehement</i> affection or passion.</def>
"<i>Vehement</i> instigation." <i>Shak.</i> "<i>Vehement</i> desire."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Furious; violent; raging; impetuous; passionate; ardent;
eager; hot; fervid; burning.</p>

<p><hw>Ve"he*ment*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a vehement
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve"hi*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vehiculum</i>, fr.
<i>vehere</i> to carry; akin to E. <i>way</i>, <i>wain</i>. See <u>Way</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Convex</u>, <u>Inveigh</u>, <u>Veil</u>,
<u>Vex</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That in or on which any person or thing is, or
may be, carried, as a coach, carriage, wagon, cart, car, sleigh, bicycle,
etc.; a means of conveyance; specifically, a means of conveyance upon
land.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is used as the instrument of
conveyance or communication; as, matter is the <i>vehicle</i> of
energy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A simple style forms the best <i>vehicle</i> of thought to a
popular assembly.</blockquote> <i>Wirt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A substance in which medicine is
taken.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Any liquid with which a pigment
is applied, including whatever gum, wax, or glutinous or adhesive substance
is combined with it.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Water is used in fresco and in water-color painting, the colors
being consolidated with gum arabic; size is used in distemper painting. In
oil painting, the fixed oils of linseed, nut, and poppy, are used; in
encaustic, wax is the vehicle.  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve"hi*cled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Conveyed in a
vehicle; furnished with a vehicle.</def>  <i>M. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*hic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vehicularis</i>:
cf. F. <i>v&eacute;hiculaire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a vehicle;
serving as a vehicle; as, a <i>vehicular</i> contrivance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*hic"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Vehicular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*hic"u*late</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To convey by
means of a vehicle; to ride in a vehicle.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*hic`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Movement of
vehicles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*hic"u*la*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Vehicular.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Veh"mic</hw> (v&emacr;"m&ibreve;k <i>or</i> v&amacr;-; 277),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [G. <i>vehm</i>, <i>fehm</i>, <i>fehme</i>, a secret
tribunal of punishment, MHG. <i>veime</i>, <i>veme</i>: cf. F.
<i>vehmique</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, certain secret
tribunals which flourished in Germany from the end of the 12th century to
the middle of the 16th, usurping many of the functions of the government
which were too weak to maintain law and order, and inspiring dread in all
who came within their jurisdiction.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Veil</hw> (v&amacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>veile</i>, OF.
<i>veile</i>, F. <i>voile</i>, L. <i>velum</i> a sail, covering, curtain,
veil, probably fr. <i>vehere</i> to bear, carry, and thus originally, that
which bears the ship on. See <u>Vehicle</u>, and cf. <u>Reveal</u>.]
[Written also <i>vail</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something hung up, or spread out, to intercept
the view, and hide an object; a cover; a curtain; esp., a screen, usually
of gauze, crape, or similar diaphnous material, to hide or protect the
face.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>veil</i> of the temple was rent in
twain.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxvii. 51.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She, as a <i>veil</i> down to the slender waist,<BR>
Her unadorn&eacute;d golden tresses wore.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cover; disguise; a mask; a pretense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I will] pluck the borrowed <i>veil</i> of modesty from the
so seeming Mistress Page.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The calyptra
of mosses.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A membrane connecting the margin
of the pileus of a mushroom with the stalk; -- called also
<i>velum</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A covering for a person or thing;
as, a nun's <i>veil</i>; a paten <i>veil</i>; an altar
<i>veil</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Velum</u>,
3.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To take the veil</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>to receive or be
covered with, a veil, as a nun, in token of retirement from the world; to
become a nun.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Veil</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Veiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Veiling</u>.] [Cf. OF. <i>veler</i>, F. <i>voiler</i>, L. <i>velarc</i>.
See <u>Veil</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>vail</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw a veil over; to cover with a
veil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her face was <i>veiled</i>; yet to my fancied sight,<BR>
Love, sweetness, goodness, in her person shined.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To invest; to cover; to hide; to
conceal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To keep your great pretenses <i>veiled</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Veiled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered by, or as by, a
veil; hidden.</def> "Words used to convey a <i>veiled</i> meaning."
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Veil"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A veil; a thin
covering; also, material for making veils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Veil"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no veil.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vein</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>veine</i>, F.
<i>veine</i>, L. <i>vena</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the vessels which carry
blood, either venous or arterial, to the heart. See <u>Artery</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the similar branches of the
framework of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the ribs or nervures
of the wings of insects. See <u>Venation</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geol. or Mining)</i> <def>A narrow mass of rock
intersecting other rocks, and filling inclined or vertical fissures not
corresponding with the stratification; a lode; a dike; -- often limited, in
the language of miners, to a mineral vein or lode, that is, to a vein which
contains useful minerals or ores.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A fissure, cleft, or cavity, as in the earth or
other substance.</def> "Down to the <i>veins</i> of earth."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the glass of the prisms be free from
<i>veins</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A streak or wave of different color, appearing
in wood, and in marble and other stones; variegation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A train of association, thoughts, emotions, or
the like; a current; a course.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He can open a <i>vein</i> of true and noble
thinking.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Peculiar temper or temperament; tendency or turn
of mind; a particular disposition or cast of genius; humor; strain;
quality; also, manner of speech or action; as, a rich <i>vein</i> of humor;
a satirical <i>vein</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Certain discoursing wits which are of the same
<i>veins</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Invoke the Muses, and improve my <i>vein</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vein</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Veined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Veining</u>.]
<def>To form or mark with veins; to fill or cover with veins.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vein"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to veins;
venous.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Veined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full
of veins; streaked; variegated; as, <i>veined</i> marble.</def>
"<i>Veined</i> follies."  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having fibrovascular threads
extending throughout the lamina; as, a <i>veined</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vein"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no veins; as, a
<i>veinless</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vein"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vein"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked with veins;
veined; veiny.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The excellent old gentleman's nails are long and leaden, and
his hands lean and <i>veinous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vein"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The nonmetalliferous
mineral or rock material which accompanies the ores in a vein, as quartz,
calcite, barite, fluor spar, etc.; -- called also
<i>veinstuff</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vein"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Vein</u>: cf. F.
<i>vein&eacute;</i>.] <def>Full of veins; veinous; veined; as, <i>veiny</i>
marble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Velum</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a velum; esp. <i>(Anat.)</i>
of or pertaining to the soft palate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Having the place of articulation
on the soft palate; guttural; as, the <i>velar</i> consonants, such as
<i>k</i> and hard <i>q</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ve*la"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Velaria</b></plw> (#). [L., a covering.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The marginal membrane of certain medus&aelig; belonging to the
Discophora.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>velatus</i>, p. p. of
<i>velare</i> to veil. See <u>Veil</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a veil;
veiled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A veil.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ve*lel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. from L.
<i>velum</i> a veil, a sail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
oceanic Siphonophora belonging to the genus <i>Velella</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; These creatures are brilliantly colored and float at the surface
of the sea. They have an oblong, disklike body, supported by a thin
chitinous plate, from which rises a thin diagonal crest which acts as a
sail. The feeding and reproductive zooids hang down from the under side of
the disk.</p>

<p><hw>Ve*lif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>velifer</i>;
<i>velum</i> a sail + <i>ferre</i> to bear.] <def>Carrying or bearing
sails.</def> [Obs.] "<i>Veliferous</i> chariots."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1599 !></p>

<p><hw>||Vel"i*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>velum</i> a veil + <i>gerere</i> bear.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
larval gastropod or bivalve mollusk in the state when it is furnished with
one or two ciliated membranes for swimming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vel`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>velitatio</i>,
fr. <i>velitari</i>, <i>velitatus</i>, to skirmish, from <i>veles</i>, <i>-
itis</i>, a light-armed soldier.] <def>A dispute or contest; a slight
contest; a skirmish.</def> [R.]  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After a short <i>velitation</i> we parted.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*liv"o*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>velivolans</i>;
<i>velum</i> a sail + <i>volare</i> to fly.] <def>Flying with sails;
passing under full sail.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>vellus</i> the skin
of a sheep with the wool on it, a fleece, a hide or pelt, or E. <i>fell</i>
a hide.] <def>The salted stomach of a calf, used in making cheese; a rennet
bag.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Vell</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Vell</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To cut the turf from, as for burning.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vel*le"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>vell&eacute;it&eacute;</i> (cf. It. <i>velleit&agrave;</i>), fr. L.
<i>velle</i> to will, to be willing.] <def>The lowest degree of desire;
imperfect or incomplete volition.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vel"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Velvet.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vel"li*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vellicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vellicating</u>.] [L. <i>vellicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>vellicare</i> to
twitch, fr. <i>vellere</i> to pluck, pull.] <def>To twitch; to cause to
twitch convulsively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Convulsions, arising from something <i>vellicating</i> a
nerve in its extremity, are not very dangerous.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vel"li*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move
spasmodically; to twitch; as, a nerve <i>vellicates</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vel`li*ca"tion</hw> (?), [L. <i>vellicatio</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of twitching, or of causing to twitch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A local twitching, or convulsive
motion, of a muscular fiber, especially of the face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vel"li*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the power
of vellicating, plucking, or twitching; causing vellication.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vel*lon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A word
occurring in the phrase <i>real vellon</i>. See the Note under Its
<u>Real</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vel"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>velim</i>, F.
<i>v&eacute;lin</i>, fr. L. <i>vitulinus</i> of a calf, fr. <i>vitulus</i>
a calf. See <u>Veal</u>.] <def>A fine kind of parchment, usually made from
calfskin, and rendered clear and white, -- used as for writing upon, and
for binding books.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vellum cloth</b></col>, <cd>a fine kind of cotton fabric, made
very transparent, and used as a tracing cloth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vel"lum*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
vellum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vel`o*cim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>velox</i>,
<i>-ocis</i>, rapid + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An apparatus for measuring
speed, as of machinery or vessels, but especially of projectiles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*loc"i*pede</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>velox</i>, <i>-
ocis</i>, swift + <i>pes</i>, <i>pedis</i>, a foot. See <u>Velocity</u>,
and <u>Foot</u>.] <def>A light road carriage propelled by the feet of the
rider. Originally it was propelled by striking the tips of the toes on the
roadway, but commonly now by the action of the feet on a pedal or pedals
connected with the axle of one or more of the wheels, and causing their
revolution. They are made in many forms, with two, three, or four wheels.
See <u>Bicycle</u>, and <u>Tricycle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*loc"i*pe`dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who rides
on a velocipede.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*loc"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Velocities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>velocitas</i>, from <i>velox</i>,
<i>-ocis</i>, swift, quick; perhaps akin to <i>v&?;lare</i> to fly (see
<u>Volatile</u>): cf. F. <i>v&eacute;locit&eacute;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quickness of motion; swiftness; speed; celerity;
rapidity; as, the <i>velocity</i> of wind; the <i>velocity</i> of a planet
or comet in its orbit or course; the <i>velocity</i> of a cannon ball; the
<i>velocity</i> of light.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In such phrases, <i>velocity</i> is more generally used than
<i>celerity</i>.  We apply <i>celerity</i> to animals; as, a horse or an
ostrich runs with <i>celerity</i>; but bodies moving in the air or in
ethereal space move with greater or less <i>velocity</i>, not
<i>celerity</i>. This usage is arbitrary, and perhaps not universal.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Rate of motion; the relation of
motion to time, measured by the number of units of space passed over by a
moving body or point in a unit of time, usually the number of feet passed
over in a second. See the Note under <u>Speed</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Angular velocity</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Angular</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Initial velocity</b></col>, <cd>the velocity of a moving body at
starting; especially, the velocity of a projectile as it leaves the mouth
of a firearm from which it is discharged.</cd> -- <col><b>Relative
velocity</b></col>, <cd>the velocity with which a body approaches or
recedes from another body, whether both are moving or only one.</cd> --
<col><b>Uniform velocity</b></col>, <cd>velocity in which the same number
of units of space are described in each successive unit of time.</cd> --
<col><b>Variable velocity</b></col>, <cd>velocity in which the space
described varies from instant, either increasing or decreasing; -- in the
former case called <i>accelerated velocity</i>, <i>in the latter</i>,
<i>retarded velocity</i>; the acceleration or retardation itself being also
either <i>uniform</i> or variable.</cd> -- <col><b>Virtual
velocity</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Virtual</u>.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; In <i>variable velocity</i>, the velocity, strictly, at any given
instant, is the rate of motion at that instant, and is expressed by the
units of space, which, if the velocity at that instant were continued
uniform during a unit of time, would be described in the unit of time;
thus, the velocity of a falling body at a given instant is the number of
feet which, if the motion which the body has at that instant were continued
uniformly for one second, it would pass through in the second. The
scientific sense of <i>velocity</i> differs from the popular sense in being
applied to all rates of motion, however slow, while the latter implies more
or less rapidity or quickness of motion.</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Swiftness; celerity; rapidity; fleetness; speed.</p>

<p><hw>Ve*lours"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Velure</u>.]
<def>One of many textile fabrics having a pile like that of
velvet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Velt"fare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Fieldfare</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fieldfare.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ve"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vela</b></plw> (#). [L., an awning, a veil. See <u>Veil</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Curtain or covering; -- applied
to various membranous partitions, especially to the soft palate. See under
<u>Palate</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>See
<u>Veil</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A thin membrane surrounding the sporocarps of
quillworts <i>Isoetes</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A veil-like organ or
part.</def> Especially: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The circular membrane that
partially incloses the space beneath the umbrella of hydroid
medus&aelig;.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A delicate funnel-like
membrane around the flagellum of certain Infusoria. See <i>Illust.</i>
<i>a</i> of <u>Protozoa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vel"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>velours</i>, OF.
<i>velous</i>, from L. <i>villosus</i> hairy. See <u>Velvet</u>.]
<def>Velvet.</def> [Obs.] "A woman's crupper of <i>velure</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vel`u*ti"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Velvet</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of marine gastropods
belonging to <i>Velutina</i> and allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*lu"ti*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It. <i>velluto</i>
velvet. See <u>Velvet</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the surface covered
with a fine and dense silky pubescence; velvety; as, a <i>velutinous</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vel"verd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The veltfare.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Vel`ver*et"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of velvet
having cotton back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>velouette</i>,
<i>veluet</i>, <i>velwet</i>; cf. OF. <i>velluau</i>, LL. <i>velluetum</i>,
<i>vellutum</i>, It. <i>velluto</i>, Sp. <i>velludo</i>; all fr. (assumed)
LL. <i>villutus</i> shaggy, fr L. <i>villus</i> shaggy hair; akin to
<i>vellus</i> a fleece, and E. <i>wool</i>. See <u>Wool</u>, and cf.
<u>Villous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A silk fabric, having a short, close nap of
erect threads. Inferior qualities are made with a silk pile on a cotton or
linen back.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The soft and highly vascular deciduous skin
which envelops and nourishes the antlers of deer during their rapid
growth.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cotton velvet</b></col>, <cd>an imitation of velvet, made of
cotton.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet cork</b></col>, <cd>the best kind of cork
bark, supple, elastic, and not woody or porous.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet
crab</b></col><cd> a European crab (<i>Portunus puber</i>). When adult the
black carapace is covered with a velvety pile. Called also <i>lady
crab</i>, and <i>velvet fiddler</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet dock</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the common mullein.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet
duck</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A large
European sea duck, or scoter (<i>Oidemia fusca</i>). The adult male is
glossy, velvety black, with a white speculum on each wing, and a white
patch behind each eye.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The American
whitewinged scoter. See <u>Scoter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet
flower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>love-lies-bleeding. See under
<u>Love</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
tall grass (<i>Holcus lanatus</i>) with velvety stem and leaves; -- called
also <i>soft grass</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet runner</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the water rail; -- so called from its quiet,
stealthy manner of running.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Velvet
scoter</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Velvet duck</i>,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Velvet sponge</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Sponge</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of velvet; soft and
delicate, like velvet; velvety.</def> " The cowslip's <i>velvet</i> head."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pain velvet.</def>
[R.]  <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make like, or cover
with, velvet.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet*breast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The goosander.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Vel`vet*een"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>velvetine</i>. See <u>Velvet</u>.] <def>A kind of cloth, usually cotton,
made in imitation of velvet; cotton velvet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The fine shag or nap
of velvet; a piece of velvet; velvet goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet*leaf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
name given to several plants which have soft, velvety leaves, as the
<i>Abutilon Avicenn&aelig;</i>, the <i>Cissampelos Pareira</i>, and the
<i>Lavatera arborea</i>, and even the common mullein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vel"vet*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of velvet, or
like velvet; soft; smooth; delicate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ve"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ven&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Vein</u>.] <def>A
vein.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vena cava</b></col>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Ven&aelig;
cav&aelig;</b></plw>. [L., literally, hollow vein.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>Any
one of the great systemic veins connected directly with the heart.</cd>--
<col><b>Vena contracta</b></col>. [L., literally, contracted vein.]
<i>(Hydraulics)</i> <cd>The contracted portion of a liquid jet at and near
the orifice from which it issues.</cd> -- <col><b>Vena
port&aelig;</b></col>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Ven&AElig; port&aelig;</b></plw>.
[L., literally, vein of the entrance.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>The portal vein
of the liver. See under <u>Portal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ve*na"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>N.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp. <i>venado</i> a
does, stag.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pudu.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vena</i> a vein.]
<def>Of or pertaining to veins; venous; as, <i>venal</i> blood.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"nal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>venalis</i>, from
<i>venus</i> sale; akin to Gr. &?; price, Skr. <i>vasna</i>: cf. F.
<i>v&eacute;nal</i>.] <def>Capable of being bought or obtained for money or
other valuable consideration; made matter of trade or barter; held for
sale; salable; mercenary; purchasable; hireling; as, <i>venal</i>
services.</def> " Paid court to <i>venal</i> beauties."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>venal</i> cry and prepared vote of a passive
senate.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Mercenary; hireling; vendible.  -- <u>Venal</u>,
<u>Mercenary</u>. One is <i>mercenary</i> who is either actually a hireling
(as, <i>mercenary</i> soldiers, a <i>mercenary</i> judge, etc.), or is
governed by a sordid love of gain; hence, we speak of <i>mercenary</i>
motives, a <i>mercenary</i> marriage, etc. <i>Venal</i> goes further, and
supposes either an actual <i>purchase</i>, or a readiness to be purchased,
which places a person or thing wholly in the power of the purchaser; as, a
<i>venal</i> press. Brissot played ingeniously on the latter word in his
celebrated saying, " My pen is <i>venal</i> that it may not be
<i>mercenary</i>," meaning that he wrote books, and sold them to the
publishers, in order to avoid the necessity of being the hireling of any
political party.</p>

<p><blockquote>Thus needy wits a vile revenue made,<BR>
And verse became a <i>mercenary</i> trade.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This verse be thine, my friend, nor thou refuse<BR>
This, from no <i>venal</i> or ungrateful muse.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*nal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>venalitas</i>: cf.
F. <i>v&eacute;nalit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
venal, or purchasable; mercenariness; prostitution of talents, offices, or
services, for money or reward; as, the <i>venality</i> of a corrupt court;
the <i>venality</i> of an official.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Complaints of Roman <i>venality</i> became
louder.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve"nal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a venal
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ve*nan"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>venans</i>, p. pr. of <i>venari</i> to hunt.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The hunting spiders, which run after, or leap upon, their
prey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL. <i>venarius</i>, fr. L.
<i>venari</i>, p. p. <i>venatus</i>, to hunt.] <def>Of or, pertaining to
hunting.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Ve*nat"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Ve*nat"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>venaticus</i>, fr. <i>venatus</i> hunting, fr.
<i>venari</i>, p. p. <i>venatus</i>, to hunt.] <def>Of or pertaining to
hunting; used in hunting.</def> [R.] " <i>Venatical</i> pleasure."
<i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*nat"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Vinatico</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vena</i> a vein.]
<def>The arrangement or system of veins, as in the wing of an insect, or in
the leaves of a plant. See <i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*na"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>venatio</i>, fr.
<i>venari</i>, p. p. <i>venatus</i>, to hunt. See <u>Venison</u>.] <def>The
act or art of hunting, or the state of being hunted.</def> [Obs.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven`a*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>venatorius</i>.] <def>Or or pertaining to hunting; venatic.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vended</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vending</u>.] [F. <i>vendre</i>, L. <i>vendere</i>, from <i>venum
dare</i>; <i>venus</i> sale + <i>dare</i> to give. See 2d <u>Venal</u>,
<u>Date</u>, time.] <def>To transfer to another person for a pecuniary
equivalent; to make an object of trade; to dispose of by sale; to sell; as,
to <i>vend</i> goods; to <i>vend</i> vegetables.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Vend</i> differs from <i>barter</i>. We <i>vend</i> for money;
we <i>barter</i> for commodities. <i>Vend</i> is used chiefly of wares,
merchandise, or other small articles, not of lands and tenements.</p>

<p><hw>Vend</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
vending or selling; a sale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The total sales of coal from a colliery.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"dace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
European lake whitefish (<i>Coregonus Willughbii</i>, or <i>C.
Vandesius</i>) native of certain lakes in Scotland and England. It is
regarded as a delicate food fish. Called also <i>vendis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vend*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The person to whom a
thing is vended, or sold; -- the correlative of <i>vendor</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ven`d&eacute;`miaire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>vindemia</i> vintage.] <def>The first month of the French republican
calendar, dating from September 22, 1792.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This calendar was substituted for the ordinary calendar, dating
from the Christian era, by a decree of the National Convention in 1793. The
22d of September, 1792, which had been fixed upon as the day of the
foundation of the republic, was also the date of the new calendar. In this
calendar, the year, which began at midnight of the day of the autumnal
equinox, was divided into twelve months of thirty days, with five
additional days for festivals, and every fourth year six. Each month was
divided into three decades of ten days each, the week being abolished. The
names of the months in their order were, <i>Vend&eacute;miaire</i>,
<i>Brumaire</i>, <i>Frimaire</i> <i>Nivose</i>, <i>Pluviose</i>,
<i>Ventose</i>, <i>Germinal</i>, <i>Flor&eacute;al</i>, <i>Prairial</i>,
<i>Messidor</i>, <i>Thermidor</i> (sometimes called <i>Fervidor</i>), and
<i>Fructidor</i>. This calendar was abolished December 31, 1805, and the
ordinary one restored January 1, 1806.</p>

<p><hw>Vend"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Vend</u>: cf. F.
<i>vendeur</i>, OF. <i>vendeor</i>.  Cf. <u>Vendor</u>.] <def>One who
vends; one who transfers the exclusive right of possessing a thing, either
his own, or that of another as his agent, for a price or pecuniary
equivalent; a seller; a vendor.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ven*det"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A blood feud;
private revenge for the murder of a kinsman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vend`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being vendible, or salable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vend"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vendibilis</i>: cf.
OF. <i>vendible</i>, F. <i>vendable</i>.] <def>Capable of being vended, or
sold; that may be sold; salable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The regulating of prices of things
<i>vendible</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Vendible</i> differs from <i>marketable</i>; the latter
signifies <i>proper</i> or <i>fit for market</i>, according to the laws or
customs of a place. <i>Vendible</i> has no reference to such legal
fitness.</p>

<p><hw>Vend"i*ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something to be sold, or
offered for sale.</def> -- <wf>Vend"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -
- <wf>Vend"i*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ven"di*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Venditation</u>.] <def>To cry up. as if for sale; to blazon.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven`di*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>venditatio</i>,
fr. <i>venditare</i>, <i>venditatum</i>, to offer again and again for sale,
v. freq. of <i>vendere</i>. See <u>Vend</u>.] <def>The act of setting forth
ostentatiously; a boastful display.</def> [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven*di"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>venditio</i>: cf.
F. <i>vendition</i>.] <def>The act of vending, or selling; sale.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1600 !></p>

<p><hw>Vend"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Vender</u>.] <def>A
vender; a seller; the correlative of <i>vendee</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vends</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Wends</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven*due"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>vendue</i>, from F.
<i>vendre</i>, p. p. <i>vendu</i>, <i>vendue</i>, to sell.] <def>A public
sale of anything, by outcry, to the highest bidder; an auction.</def>
[Obsoles.]</p>

<p><col><b>Vendue master</b></col>, <cd>one who is authorized to sell any
property by vendue; an auctioneer.</cd> [Obsoles.]</p>

<p><hw>Ve*neer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Veneered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Veneering</u>.] [G. <i>furnieren</i>, <i>fourniren</i>, fr. F.
<i>fournir</i> to furnish.  See <u>Furnish</u>.] <def>To overlay or plate
with a thin layer of wood or other material for outer finish or decoration;
as, to <i>veneer</i> a piece of furniture with mahogany. Used also
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a rogue in grain<BR>
<i>Veneered</i> with sanctimonious theory.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*neer"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>furnier</i> or
<i>fournier</i>.  See <u>Veneer</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A thin
leaf or layer of a more valuable or beautiful material for overlaying an
inferior one, especially such a thin leaf of wood to be glued to a cheaper
wood; hence, external show; gloss; false pretense.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Veneer moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any moth of the
genus <i>Chilo</i>; -- so called because the mottled colors resemble those
of veneering.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ve*neer"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or art of one who veneers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Thin wood or other material used as a
veneer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*nef"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>veneficus</i>.]
<def>Veneficial.</def>  [Obs.] "<i>Venefical</i> instruments."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"e*fice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>veneficium</i>, fr.
<i>veneficus</i> poisoning; <i>venenum</i> poison + <i>facere</i> to make:
cf. F. <i>v&eacute;n&eacute;fice</i>.] <def>The act or practice of
poisoning.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ven`e*fi"cial</hw> (?), <hw>Ven`e*fi"cious</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Acting by poison; used in poisoning or in
sorcery.</def> [Obs.] "An old <i>veneficious</i> practice." <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i> -- <wf>Ven`e*fi"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"e*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Venomous.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"e*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>veneatus</i>, p.
p. <i>venenare</i> to poison, from <i>venenum</i> poison.  Cf.
<u>Venom</u>.] <def>To poison; to infect with poison.</def>  [R.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"e*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Poisoned.</def>
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven`e*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of poisoning.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Poison; venom.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*nene"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Poisonous;
venomous.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"e*nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>venenosus</i>, fr.
<i>venenum</i> poison.  Cf. <u>Venomous</u>.] <def>Poisonous.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ven`er*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being venerable; venerableness.</def>  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"er*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>venerabilis</i>:
cf. F. <i>v&eacute;n&eacute;rable</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of
being venerated; worthy of veneration or reverence; deserving of honor and
respect; -- generally implying an advanced age; as, a <i>venerable</i>
magistrate; a <i>venerable</i> parent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a man of eternal self-sacrifice, and that is always
<i>venerable</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Venerable</i> men! you have come down to us from a former
generation.</blockquote> <i>D. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rendered sacred by religious or other
associations; that should be regarded with awe and treated with reverence;
as, the <i>venerable</i> walls of a temple or a church.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is employed in the Church of England as a title for an
archdeacon. In the Roman Catholic Church, <i>venerable</i> is applied to
those who have attained to the lowest of the three recognized degrees of
sanctity, but are not among the <i>beatified</i>, nor the
<i>canonized</i>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Ven"er*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ven"er*a*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ven`e*ra"ce*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.  See
<u>Venus</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive tribe of bivalve
mollusks of which the genus <i>Venus</i> is the type. The shells are
usually oval, or somewhat heartshaped, with a conspicuous lunule.  See
<u>Venus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Venerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Venerating</u>.] [L. <i>veneratus</i>, p. p. of <i>venerari</i> to
venerate; akin to <i>Venus</i> Venus, Skr. <i>van</i> to like, to wish, and
E. <i>win</i>some.  See <u>Winsome</u>.] <def>To regard with reverential
respect; to honor with mingled respect and awe; to reverence; to revere;
as, we <i>venerate</i> parents and elders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And seemed to <i>venerate</i> the sacred shade.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not know a man more to be <i>venerated</i> for
uprightness of heart and loftiness of genius.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reverence; revere; adore; respect.</p>

<p><hw>Ven`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>veneratio</i>:
cf. F. <i>v&eacute;n&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>The act of venerating, or the
state of being venerated; the highest degree of respect and reverence;
respect mingled with awe; a feeling or sentimental excited by the dignity,
wisdom, or superiority of a person, by sacredness of character, by
consecration to sacred services, or by hallowed associations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We find a secret awe and <i>veneration</i> for one who moves
about us in regular and illustrious course of virtue.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Awe; reverence; respect.  See <u>Reverence</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ven"er*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
venerates.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ne"re*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>venereus</i>,
<i>venerius</i>, fr. <i>Venus</i>, <i>Veneris</i>, Venus, the goddess of
love.  See <u>Venerate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
venery, or sexual love; relating to sexual intercourse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Into the snare I fell<BR>
Of fair, fallacious looks, <i>venereal</i> trains,<BR>
Softened with pleasure and voluptuous life.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Arising from
sexual intercourse; as, a <i>venereal</i> disease; <i>venereal</i> virus or
poison.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Adapted to the cure of venereal
diseases; as, <i>venereal</i> medicines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to excite venereal desire;
aphrodisiac.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or pertaining to, copper,
formerly called by chemists <i>Venus</i>.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ne"re*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
venereal disease; syphilis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ne"re*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>v&eacute;n&eacute;rien</i>.] <def>Devoted to the offices of Venus, or
love; venereal.</def>  [Obs.] "I am all <i>venerean</i> in feeling."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ne"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>venereus</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Venereal; exciting lust; aphrodisiac.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lustful; lascivious; libidinous.</def>  [R.]
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Venereous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Venus</i>,
<i>Veneris</i>, the goddess of love.] <def>Sexual love; sexual intercourse;
coition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Contentment, without the pleasure of lawful <i>venery</i>,
is continence; of unlawful, chastity.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"er*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>venerie</i>, F.
<i>v&eacute;nerie</i>, fr. OF. <i>vener</i> to hunt, L. <i>venari</i>.  See
<u>Venison</u>.] <def>The art, act, or practice of hunting; the sports of
the chase.</def>  "Beasts of <i>venery</i> and fishes."  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I love hunting and <i>venery</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve`ne*sec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
<i>venaesectio</i>; L. <i>vena</i> vein + <i>sectio</i> section.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The act or operation of opening a vein for letting
blood; bloodletting; phlebotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ne"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. It. <i>Veneziano</i>,
L. <i>Venetianus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Venice in Italy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Venetian blind</b></col>, <cd>a blind for windows, doors, etc.,
made of thin slats, either fixed at a certain angle in the shutter, or
movable, and in the latter case so disposed as to overlap each other when
close, and to show a series of open spaces for the admission of air and
light when in other positions.</cd> -- <col><b>Venetian carpet</b></col>,
<cd>an inexpensive carpet, used for passages and stairs, having a woolen
warp which conceals the weft; the pattern is therefore commonly made up of
simple stripes.</cd> -- <col><b>Venetian chalk</b></col>, <cd>a white
compact or steatite, used for marking on cloth, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Venetian door</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a door having long,
narrow windows or panes of glass on the sides.</cd> -- <col><b>Venetian
glass</b></col>, <cd>a kind of glass made by the Venetians, for decorative
purposes, by the combination of pieces of glass of different colors fused
together and wrought into various ornamental patterns.</cd> --
<col><b>Venetian red</b></col>, <cd>a brownish red color, prepared from
sulphate of iron; -- called also <i>scarlet ocher</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Venetian soap</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Castile soap</i>, under
<u>Soap</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Venetian sumac</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
South European tree (<i>Rhus Cotinus</i>) which yields the yellow dyewood
called <i>fustet</i>; -- also called <i>smoke tree</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Venetian window</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a window consisting
of a main window with an arched head, having on each side a long and narrow
window with a square head.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ne"tian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or inhabitant of
Venice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven"ew</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>venue</i>, lit., an
arrival, from <i>venir</i>, p. p. <i>venu</i>, <i>venue</i>, to come.  See
<u>Venue</u>.] <def>A bout, or turn, as at fencing; a thrust; a hit; a
veney.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"ey</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Venew</u> or
<u>Visne</u>.] <def>A bout; a thrust; a venew.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Three <i>veneys</i> for a dish of stewed
prunes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Venge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>venger</i>.  See
<u>Vengeance</u>.] <def>To avenge; to punish; to revenge.</def> [Obs.] See
<u>Avenge</u>, and <u>Revenge</u>. <i>Chaucer</i>.  "To <i>venge</i> me, as
I may."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Venge"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Revengeful;
deserving revenge.</def>  [Obs.] <i>Spenser.</i> -- <wf>Venge"a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Venge"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vengeance</i>, fr.
<i>venger</i> to avenge, L. <i>vindicare</i> to lay claim to, defend,
avenge, fr. <i>vindex</i> a claimant, defender, avenger, the first part of
which is of uncertain origin, and the last part akin to <i>dicere</i> to
say.  See <u>Diction</u>, and cf. <u>Avenge</u>, <u>Revenge</u>,
<u>Vindicate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Punishment inflicted in return
for an injury or an offense; retribution; -- often, in a bad sense,
passionate or unrestrained revenge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To me belongeth <i>vengeance</i> and
recompense.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxxii. 35.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To execute fierce <i>vengeance</i> on his foes.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Harm; mischief.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>What a vengeance</b></col>, or <col><b>What the
vengeance</b></col>, <cd>what! -- emphatically.</cd> [Obs.] "But <i>what a
vengeance</i> makes thee fly!" <i>Hudibras.</i> "<i>What the vengeance</i>!
Could he not speak 'em fair?" <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>With a
vengeance</b></col>, <cd>with great violence; as, to strike <i>with a
vengeance</i>.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Venge"ance*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Extremely;
excessively.</def>  [Obs.] "He loves that <i>vengeancely</i>."  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Venge"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vindictive;
retributive; revengeful.</def>  "<i>Vengeful</i> ire." <i>Milton.</i> --
<wf>Venge"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Venge"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>vengement</i>.]
<def>Avengement; penal retribution; vengeance.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An avenger.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve"ni*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>veniabilis</i>,
fr. <i>venia</i> forgiveness, pardon.] <def>Venial; pardonable.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Sir T. Browne.</i> -- <wf>Ve"ni*a*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>venial</i>, F.
<i>v&eacute;niel</i>, L. <i>venialis</i>, from <i>venia</i> forgiveness,
pardon, grace, favor, kindness; akin to <i>venerari</i> to venerate.  See
<u>Venerate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being forgiven; not
heinous; excusable; pardonable; as, a <i>venial</i> fault or
transgression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So they do nothing, 't is a <i>venial</i> slip.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Allowed; permitted.</def>  [Obs.] "Permitting
him the while <i>venial</i> discourse unblamed."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Venial sin</b></col> <i>(R. C. Theol.)</i>, <cd>a sin which
weakens, but does not wholly destroy, sanctifying grace, as do mortal, or
deadly, sins.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ve"ni*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ve"ni*al*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve`ni*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being venial; venialness.</def>  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ve*ni"re fa"ci*as</hw> (?). [L., make, or cause, to come.]
<i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A judicial writ or precept directed
to the sheriff, requiring him to cause a certain number of qualified
persons to appear in court at a specified time, to serve as jurors in said
court.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A writ in the nature of a summons to
cause the party indicted on a penal statute to appear. Called also
<i>venire</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven"i*son</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>veneison</i>,
<i>veneson</i>, <i>venison</i>, OF. <i>veneison</i>, F. <i>venaison</i>, L.
<i>venatio</i> hunting, the chase, game, fr. <i>venari</i>, p. p.
<i>venatus</i>, to hunt; perhaps akin to OHG. <i>weidin&?;n</i>,
<i>weidenen</i>, to pasture, to hunt, G. <i>weide</i> pasturage.  Cf.
<u>Gain</u> to acquire, <u>Venation</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Beasts of
the chase.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, the flesh of any of the edible beasts
of the chase, also of game birds; now, the flesh of animals of the deer
kind exclusively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ve*ni"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., come, imperative 2d
person pl. So called from its opening word in the Latin version.]
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The 95th Psalm, which is said or sung regularly in the
public worship of many churches. Also, a musical composition adapted to
this Psalm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven"om</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>venim</i>, OF.
<i>venim</i>, F. <i>venin</i>, L. <i>veneum</i>.  Cf. <u>Venenate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Matter fatal or injurious to life; poison;
particularly, the poisonous, the poisonous matter which certain animals,
such as serpents, scorpions, bees, etc., secrete in a state of health, and
communicate by thing or stinging.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or hurtful worm with cankered <i>venom</i>
bites.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spite; malice; malignity; evil quality.
<i>Chaucer</i>.</def>  "The <i>venom</i> of such looks."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Venom; virus; bane.  See <u>Poison</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Ven"om</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>venimen</i>, OF.
<i>venimer</i>, L. <i>venenare</i>.  See <u>Venom</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To infect with venom; to envenom; to
poison.</def>  [R.] "<i>Venomed</i> vengeance."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"om*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>venemous</i>,
<i>venimous</i>, F. <i>venimeux</i>, L. <i>venenosus</i>, fr.
<i>venenum</i> poison.  See <u>Venom</u>, and cf. <u>Venenose</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of venom; noxious to animal life; poisonous;
as, the bite of a serpent may be <i>venomous</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having a poison gland or
glands for the secretion of venom, as certain serpents and
insects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Noxious; mischievous; malignant; spiteful; as, a
<i>venomous</i> progeny; a <i>venomous</i> writer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Venomous snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any serpent
which has poison glands and fangs, whether dangerous to man or not. These
serpents constitute two tribes, the viperine serpents, or Solenoglypha, and
the cobralike serpents, or Proteroglypha. The former have perforated,
erectile fangs situated in the front part of the upper jaw, and are without
ordinary teeth behind the fangs; the latter have permanently erect and
grooved fangs, with ordinary maxillary teeth behind them.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ven"om*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ven"om*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ve*nose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Venous</u>.]
<def>Having numerous or conspicuous veins; veiny; as, a <i>venose</i>
frond.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*nos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being venous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition in which the
circulation is retarded, and the entire mass of blood is less oxygenated
than it normally is.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>venosus</i>, from
<i>vena</i> a vein.  See <u>Vein</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a vein or veins; as, the <i>venous</i> circulation
of the blood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contained in the veins, or having the same
qualities as if contained in the veins, that is, having a dark bluish color
and containing an insufficient amount of oxygen so as no longer to be fit
for oxygenating the tissues; -- said of the blood, and opposed to
<i>arterial</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Marked with veins; veined; as, a <i>venous</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Venous leaf</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a leaf having vessels
branching, or variously divided, over its surface.</cd> -- <col><b>Venous
hum</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a humming sound, or bruit, heard during
auscultation of the veins of the neck in an&aelig;mia.</cd> --
<col><b>Venous pulse</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the pulse, or
rhythmic contraction, sometimes seen in a vein, as in the neck, when there
is an obstruction to the passage of blood from the auricles to the
ventricles, or when there is an abnormal rigidity in the walls of the
greater vessels. There is normally no pulse in a vein.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vente</i>, fr. L.
<i>vendere</i>, <i>-itum</i>, to sell; perh. confused with E. <i>vent</i>
an opening.  See <u>Vend</u>.] <def>Sale; opportunity to sell;
market.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no <i>vent</i> for any commodity but of
wool.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sell; to vend.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore did those nations <i>vent</i> such
spice.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>venta</i> a poor inn, sale,
market.  See <u>Vent</u> sale.] <def>A baiting place; an inn.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vent</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>venter</i> to blow,
<i>vent</i> wind (see <u>Ventilate</u>); but prob influenced by E.
<i>vent</i> an opening.] <def>To snuff; to breathe or puff out; to
snort.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>fent</i>, <i>fente</i>,
a slit, F. <i>fente</i> a slit, cleft, fissure, from <i>fendre</i> to
split, L. <i>findere</i>; but probably confused with F. <i>vent</i> wind,
L. <i>ventus</i>.  See <u>Fissure</u>, and cf. <i>Vent</i> to snuff.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small aperture; a hole or passage for air or any
fluid to escape; as, the <i>vent</i> of a cask; the <i>vent</i> of a mold;
a volcanic <i>vent</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look, how thy wounds do bleed at many
<i>vents</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Long't was doubtful, both so closely pent,<BR>
Which first should issue from the narrow <i>vent</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The anal opening of certain
invertebrates and fishes; also, the external cloacal opening of reptiles,
birds, amphibians, and many fishes.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>The opening at the breech of a
firearm, through which fire is communicated to the powder of the charge;
touchhole.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i> <def>Sectional area of the
passage for gases divided by the length of the same passage in
feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Opportunity of escape or passage from
confinement or privacy; outlet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Emission; escape; passage to notice or
expression; publication; utterance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Without the <i>vent</i> of words.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou didst make tolerable <i>vent</i> of thy
travel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To give vent to</b></col>, <cd>to suffer to escape; to let out;
to pour forth; as, <i>to give vent to</i> anger.</cd> -- <col><b>To take
vent</b></col>, <cd>to escape; to be made public.</cd> [R.] -- <col><b>Vent
feather</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the anal, or crissal,
feathers of a bird.</cd> -- <col><b>Vent field</b></col> <i>(Gun.)</i>,
<cd>a flat raised surface around a vent.</cd> -- <col><b>Vent
piece</b></col>. <i>(Gun.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A bush.  See 4th
<u>Bush</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A breech
block.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Vented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Venting</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To let out at a vent, or small aperture; to give
passage or outlet to.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To suffer to escape from confinement; to let
out; to utter; to pour forth; as, to <i>vent</i> passion or
complaint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The queen of heaven did thus her fury
<i>vent</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To utter; to report; to publish.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By mixing somewhat true to <i>vent</i> more
lies.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou hast framed and <i>vented</i> very curious
orations.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To scent, as a hound.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Turbervile.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with a vent; to make a vent in; as,
to <i>vent</i>. a mold.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1601 !></p>

<p><hw>Vent"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small hole, as the
stop in a flute; a vent.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vent"ail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>ventaille</i>, F.
<i>ventail</i>.  See <u>Ventilate</u>, and cf. <u>Aventail</u>.] <def>That
part of a helmet which is intended for the admission of air, -- sometimes
in the visor.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>ventail</i> up so high that he descried<BR>
Her goodly visage and her beauty's pride.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vent"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who vents; one who
utters, reports, or publishes.</def>  [R.]  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vent"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The belly; the abdomen; --
sometimes applied to any large cavity containing viscera.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The uterus, or womb.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A belly, or protuberant part; a broad surface; as, the <i>venter</i>
of a muscle; the <i>venter</i>, or anterior surface, of the
scapula.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lower part of the
abdomen in insects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. &amp; O. E. Law)</i> <def>A pregnant woman; a
mother; as, A has a son B by one <i>venter</i>, and a daughter C by another
<i>venter</i>; children by different <i>venters</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vent"hole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A touchhole; a
vent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven"ti*duct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ventus</i> wind +
<i>ductus</i> a leading, conduit, fr. <i>ducere</i>, <i>ductum</i>, to
lead.] <def>A passage for wind or air; a passage or pipe for ventilating
apartments.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"ti*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ventilated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ventilating</u>.] [L. <i>ventilatus</i>, p. p. of <i>ventilare</i> to
toss, brandish in the air, to fan, to winnow, from <i>ventus</i> wind; akin
to E. <i>wind</i>.  See <u>Wind</u> rushing air.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To open and expose to the free passage of air; to supply with fresh
air, and remove impure air from; to air; as, to <i>ventilate</i> a room; to
<i>ventilate</i> a cellar; to <i>ventilate</i> a mine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To provide with a vent, or escape, for air, gas,
etc.; as, to <i>ventilate</i> a mold, or a water-wheel bucket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To change or renew, as the air of a room.</def>
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To winnow; to fan; as, to <i>ventilate</i>
wheat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To sift and examine; to bring out, and subject
to penetrating scrutiny; to expose to examination and discussion; as, to
<i>ventilate</i> questions of policy.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To give vent; to utter; to make
public.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Macaulay took occasion to <i>ventilate</i> one of those
starling, but not very profound, paradoxes.</blockquote> <i>J. C.
Shairp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven`ti*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ventilatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>ventilation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of ventilating,
or the state of being ventilated; the art or process of replacing foul air
by that which is pure, in any inclosed place, as a house, a church, a mine,
etc.; free exposure to air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Insuring, for the laboring man, better
<i>ventilation</i>.</blockquote> <i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of refrigerating, or cooling;
refrigeration; as, <i>ventilation</i> of the blood.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p>
<sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of fanning, or winnowing, for the purpose
of separating chaff and dust from the grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of sifting, and bringing out to view or
examination; free discussion; public exposure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>ventilation</i> of these points diffused them to the
knowledge of the world.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The act of giving vent or expression.</def>
"<i>Ventilation</i> of his thoughts."  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"ti*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to ventilation; adapted to secure ventilation; ventilating; as,
<i>ventilative</i> apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven"ti*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ventilateur</i>, L. <i>ventilator</i> a winnower.] <def>A contrivance
for effecting ventilation; especially, a contrivance or machine for drawing
off or expelling foul or stagnant air from any place or apartment, or for
introducing that which is fresh and pure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven*tose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ventouse.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven*tose"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ventosus</i> windy.  See
<u>Ventilate</u>.] <def>Windy; flatulent.</def>  <i>Richardson
(Dict.).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ven`tose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vent&ocirc;se</i>.
See <u>Ventose</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The sixth month of the
calendar adopted by the first French republic. It began February 19, and
ended March 20.  See <u>Vend&?;miaire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven*tos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ventositas</i>:
cf. F. <i>ventosit&eacute;</i>.  See <u>Ventose</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>Quality or state of being ventose; windiness; hence, vainglory;
pride.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"touse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A cupping
glass.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"touse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To cup; to use a
cupping glass.</def> [Obs.] [Written also <i>ventuse</i>.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"trad</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L. <i>venter</i> belly +
<i>ad</i> to.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Toward the ventral side; on the ventral
side; ventrally; -- opposed to <i>dorsad</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>ventralis</i>, fr.
<i>venter</i> the belly; perhaps akin to G. <i>wanst</i>: cf. F.
<i>ventral</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or situated near, the belly, or ventral side, of an animal or of one of its
parts; hemal; abdominal; as, the <i>ventral</i> fin of a fish; the
<i>ventral</i> root of a spinal nerve; -- opposed to
<i>dorsal</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of or
pertaining to that surface of a carpel, petal, etc., which faces toward the
center of a flower.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the
lower side or surface of a creeping moss or other low flowerless plant.
Opposed to <i>dorsal</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ventral fins</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the posterior
pair of fins of a fish. They are often situated beneath the belly, but
sometimes beneath the throat.</cd> -- <col><b>Ventral segment</b></col>.
<i>(Acoustics)</i> <cd>See <u>Loop</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ven"tri*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ventriculus</i>
the stomach, a ventricle, dim. of <i>venter</i> the belly: cf. F.
<i>ventricule</i>.  See <u>Ventral</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>A cavity, or one of the cavities, of an organ, as of the larynx or the
brain; specifically, the posterior chamber, or one of the two posterior
chambers, of the heart, which receives the blood from the auricle and
forces it out from the heart.  See <u>Heart</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The principal ventricles of the brain are the <i>fourth</i> in
the medulla, the <i>third</i> in the midbrain, the <i>first</i> and
<i>second</i>, or <i>lateral</i>, ventricles in the cerebral hemispheres,
all of which are connected with each other, and the <i>fifth</i>, or
<i>pseudoc&oelig;le</i>, situated between the hemispheres, in front of, or
above, the fornix, and entirely disconnected with the other cavities.  See
<u>Brain</u>, and <u>C&oelig;lia</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The stomach.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Whether I will or not, while I live, my heart beats, and my
<i>ventricle</i> digests what is in it.</blockquote> <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Any cavity, or hollow place, in which any
function may be conceived of as operating.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These [ideas] are begot on the <i>ventricle</i> of
memory.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ven"tri*cose`</hw> (?), <hw>Ven"tri*cous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL. <i>ventricosus</i>, fr. L. <i>venter</i> belly.]
<i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Swelling out on one side or unequally; bellied;
ventricular; as, a <i>ventricose</i> corolla.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ventricose shell</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A spiral shell having the body whorls rounded or
swollen in the middle.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A bivalve shell in
which the valves are strongly convex.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ven*tric"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ventriculaire</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a ventricle;
bellied.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ven*tric"u*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ventriculus</u>.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
siliceous fossil sponges belonging to <i>Ventriculites</i> and allied
genera, characteristic of the Cretaceous period.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many of them were shaped like vases, others like mushrooms. They
belong to the hexactinellids, and are allied to the Venus's basket of
modern seas.</p>

<p><hw>Ven*tric"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ventriculosus</i> of the belly.] <def>Somewhat distended in the middle;
ventricular.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ven*tric"u*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Ventriculi</b></plw> (#). [L., belly, dim. fr. <i>venter</i>
belly.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the stomachs of
certain insects.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The body cavity of a
sponge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven`tri*lo*cu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ventriloquous</u>.] <def>Ventriloquism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven`tri*lo"qui*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Ventriloquous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven*tril"o*quism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ventriloquous</u>.] <def>The act, art, or practice of speaking in such a
manner that the voice appears to come, not from the person speaking, but
from some other source, as from the opposite side of the room, from the
cellar, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven*tril"o*quist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices, or is skilled in, ventriloquism.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ventriloquist monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
onappo; -- so called from the character of its cry.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ven*tril"o*quize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ventriloquized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Ventriloquizing</u> .] <def>To practice ventriloquism; to
speak like a ventriloquist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven*tril"o*quous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>ventriloquus</i> a ventriloquist; <i>venter</i> the belly +
<i>loqui</i>, p. p. <i>locutus</i>, to speak.  See <u>Ventral</u>, and
<u>Loquacious</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a ventriloquist or
ventriloquism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven*tril"o*quy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>ventriloquie</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Ventriloquism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ven`tri*mes"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.  See
<u>Venter</u>, and <u>Meson</u>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See
<u>Meson</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven"tro-</hw> (&?;). [L. <i>venter</i> belly.] <def>A combining form
used in anatomy to indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>,
<i>the abdomen</i>; also, <i>connection with</i>, <i>relation to</i>, or
<i>direction toward</i>, <i>the ventral side</i>; as, <i>ventro</i>lateral;
<i>ventro</i>-inguinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven`tro-in"gui*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining both to the abdomen and groin, or to the abdomen and
inguinal canal; as, <i>ventro-inguinal</i> hernia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of OE.
<i>aventure</i>.  See <u>Adventure</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
undertaking of chance or danger; the risking of something upon an event
which can not be foreseen with certainty; a hazard; a risk; a
speculation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I, in this <i>venture</i>, double gains pursue.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An event that is not, or can not be, foreseen;
an accident; chance; hap; contingency; luck.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The thing put to hazard; a stake; a risk;
especially, something sent to sea in trade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>ventures</i> are not in one bottom
trusted.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At a venture</b></col>, <cd>at hazard; without seeing the end or
mark; without foreseeing the issue; at random.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>A certain man drew a bow <i>at a venture</i>.</blockquote>
<i>1 Kings xxii. 34.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A bargain <i>at a venture</i> made.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The phrase <i>at a venture</i> was originally <i>at aventure</i>,
that is, <i>at adventure</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ven"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ventured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Venturing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hazard one's self; to have
the courage or presumption to do, undertake, or say something; to
dare.</def>  <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a venture; to run a hazard or risk; to
take the chances.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who freights a ship to <i>venture</i> on the
seas.</blockquote> <i>J. Dryden, Jr.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To venture at</b></col>, or <col><b>To venture on</b></col> or
<col><b>upon</b></col>, <cd>to dare to engage in; to attempt without any
certainty of success; as, it is rash <i>to venture upon</i> such a
project.</cd> "When I <i>venture at</i> the comic style."
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"ture</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
expose to hazard; to risk; to hazard; as, to <i>venture</i> one's person in
a balloon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am afraid; and yet I'll <i>venture</i> it.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put or send on a venture or chance; as, to
<i>venture</i> a horse to the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To confide in; to rely on; to trust.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote> A man would be well enough pleased to buy silks of one whom
he would not <i>venture</i> to feel his pulse.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"tur*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who ventures, or puts to hazard; an adventurer.</def>  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A strumpet; a prostitute.</def>  [R.]  <i>J.
Webster (1607).</i></p>

<p><hw>Ven"ture*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to
venture; not loth to run risk or danger; venturous; bold; daring;
adventurous; as, a <i>venturesome</i> boy or act.</def>  --
<wf>Ven"ture*some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ven"ture*some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ven"tur*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Aventurine</u>.]
<i>(Japanning)</i> <def>Gold powder for covering varnished
surfaces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven"tur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of OE.
<i>aventurous</i>.  See <u>Adventurous</u>, <u>Venture</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Daring; bold; hardy; fearless; venturesome;
adveturous; as, a <i>venturous</i> soldier.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This said, he paused not, but with <i>venturous</i> arm<BR>
He plucked, he tasted.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ven"tur*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ven"tur*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ven"tuse</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ventouse</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>venue</i> a coming,
arrival, fr. <i>venir</i> to come, L. <i>venire</i>; hence, in English, the
place whither the jury are summoned to come.  See <u>Come</u>, and cf.
<u>Venew</u>, <u>Veney</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A
neighborhood or near place; the place or county in which anything is
alleged to have happened; also, the place where an action is
laid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The twelve men who are to try the cause must be of the same
<i>venue</i> where the demand is made.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In certain cases, the court has power to change the <i>venue</i>,
which is to direct the trial to be had in a different county from that
where the <i>venue</i> is laid.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bout; a hit; a turn.  See <u>Venew</u>.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><col><b>To lay a venue</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to allege a
place.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ven"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>venula</i>, dim. from
<i>vena</i> vein.] <def>A small vein; a veinlet; specifically
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, one of the small branches of the veins of the wings in
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ven"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of venules, or
small veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Venus</i>, <i>-
eris</i>, the goddess of love, the planet Venus.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Class. Myth.)</i> <def>The goddess of beauty and love, that is, beauty
or love deified.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the planets, the second in
order from the sun, its orbit lying between that of Mercury and that of the
Earth, at a mean distance from the sun of about 67,000,000 miles. Its
diameter is 7,700 miles, and its sidereal period 224.7 days. As the morning
star, it was called by the ancients <i>Lucifer</i>; as the evening star,
<i>Hesperus</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Alchem.)</i> <def>The metal copper; -- probably
so designated from the ancient use of the metal in making mirrors, a mirror
being still the astronomical symbol of the planet Venus.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of marine bivalve shells of the genus <i>Venus</i> or family
<i>Venerid&aelig;</i>. Many of these shells are large, and ornamented with
beautiful frills; others are smooth, glossy, and handsomely colored. Some
of the larger species, as the round clam, or quahog, are valued for
food.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Venus's basin</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the wild teasel; --
so called because the connate leaf bases form a kind of receptacle for
water, which was formerly gathered for use in the toilet. Also called
<i>Venus's bath</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's basket</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an elegant, cornucopia-shaped, hexactinellid
sponge (<i>Euplectella speciosa</i>) native of the East Indies. It consists
of glassy, transparent, siliceous fibers interwoven and soldered together
so as to form a firm network, and has long, slender, divergent anchoring
fibers at the base by means of which it stands erect in the soft mud at the
bottom of the sea. Called also <i>Venus's flower basket</i>, and <i>Venus's
purse</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's comb</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Lady's comb</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A species of <i>Murex</i> (<i>M. tenuispinus</i>).
It has a long, tubular canal, with a row of long, slender spines along both
of its borders, and rows of similar spines covering the body of the shell.
Called also <i>Venus's shell</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's fan</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common reticulated, fanshaped gorgonia
(<i>Gorgonia flabellum</i>) native of Florida and the West Indies. When
fresh the color is purple or yellow, or a mixture of the two.</cd> --
<col><b>Venus's flytrap</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Flytrap</u>,
2.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's girdle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
long, flat, ribbonlike, very delicate, transparent and iridescent
ctenophore (<i>Cestum Veneris</i>) which swims in the open sea. Its form is
due to the enormous development of two spheromeres.  See <i>Illust.</i> in
Appendix.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's hair</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
delicate and graceful fern (<i>Adiantum Capillus-Veneris</i>) having a
slender, black and shining stem and branches.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's hair
stone</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>quartz penetrated by acicular crystals
of rutile.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's looking-glass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an annual plant of the genus <i>Specularia</i> allied to the
bellflower; -- also called <i>lady's looking-glass</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Venus's navelwort</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any one of several
species of <i>Omphalodes</i>, low boraginaceous herbs with small blue or
white flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's pride</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an old name for Quaker ladies.  See under <u>Quaker</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Venus's purse</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Venus's
basket</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Venus's shell</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any species of Cypr&aelig;a; a
cowrie.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Same as <i>Venus's comb</i>,
above.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Same as <u>Venus</u>, 4.</cd> --
<col><b>Venus's slipper</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Any plant of the genus <i>Cypripedium</i>.  See <u>Lady's slipper</u>.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> Any heteropod shell of the genus
<i>Carinaria</i>.  See <u>Carinaria</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1602 !></p>

<p><hw>Ve*nust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>venustus</i>, from
<i>Venus</i> the goddess of love.] <def>Beautiful.</def>  [R.]  <i>E.
Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ra"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>verax</i>, <i>-
acis</i>, fr. <i>verus</i> true.  See <u>Very</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Observant of truth; habitually speaking truth; truthful; as,
<i>veracious</i> historian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Spirit is most perfectly and absolutely
<i>veracious</i>.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by truth; not false; as, a
<i>veracious</i> account or narrative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The young, ardent soul that enters on this world with heroic
purpose, with <i>veracious</i> insight, will find it a mad
one.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ra"cious*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a veracious
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*rac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>v&eacute;racit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
veracious; habitual observance of truth; truthfulness; truth; as, a man of
<i>veracity</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ran"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A word brought by the
English from India; of uncertain origin; cf. Skr. <i>vara&?;&?;a</i>, Pg.
<i>varanda</i>, Sp. <i>baranda</i>, Malay <i>baranda</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>An open, roofed gallery or portico, adjoining a dwelling house,
forming an out-of-door sitting room.  See <u>Loggia</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The house was of adobe, low, with a wide <i>veranda</i> on
the three sides of the inner court.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. H. H.
Jackson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver`a*tral"bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
yellowish amorphous alkaloid extracted from the rootstock of <i>Veratrum
album</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ra"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of veratric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ve*ra"tri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Veratrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ra"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, plants of the genus
Veratrum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Veratric acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>an acid occurring,
together with veratrine, in the root of white hellebore (<i>Veratrum
album</i>), and in sabadilla seed; -- extracted as a white crystalline
substance which is related to protocatechuic acid.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ver`a*tri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Veratrine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ra"trine</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>v&eacute;ratrine</i>.  See <u>Veratrum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
poisonous alkaloid obtained from the root hellebore (<i>Veratrum</i>) and
from sabadilla seeds as a white crystalline powder, having an acrid,
burning taste. It is sometimes used externally, as in ointments, in the
local treatment of neuralgia and rheumatism. Called also <i>veratria</i>,
and <i>veratrina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ra"trol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Veratric</i> +
<i>ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon obtained by the
decomposition of veratric acid, and constituting the dimethyl ether of
pyrocatechin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ve*ra"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>veratrum</i>
hellebore.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of coarse liliaceous herbs having
very poisonous qualities.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Veratrum album</i> of Europe, and <i>Veratrum viride</i> of
America, are both called <i>hellebore</i>. They grow in wet land, have
large, elliptical, plicate leaves in three vertical ranks, and bear
panicles of greenish flowers.</p>

<p><hw>Verb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>verbe</i>, L.
<i>verbum</i> a word, verb.  See <u>Word</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
word; a vocable.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A word which affirms or
predicates something of some person or thing; a part of speech expressing
being, action, or the suffering of action.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A verb is a word whereby the chief action of the mind [the
assertion or the denial of a proposition] finds expression.  <i>Earle.</i>
</p>

<p><col><b>Active verb</b></col>, <col><b>Auxiliary verb</b></col>,
<col><b>Neuter verb</b></col>, <cd>etc.  See <u>Active</u>,
<u>Auxiliary</u>, <u>Neuter</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>verbalis</i>.
See <u>Verb</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Expressed in words, whether
spoken or written, but commonly in spoken words; hence, spoken; oral; not
written; as, a <i>verbal</i> contract; <i>verbal</i> testimony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Made she no <i>verbal</i> question?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We subjoin an engraving . . . which will give the reader a
far better notion of the structure than any <i>verbal</i> description could
convey to the mind.</blockquote> <i>Mayhew.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting in, or having to do with, words only;
dealing with words rather than with the ideas intended to be conveyed; as,
a <i>verbal</i> critic; a <i>verbal</i> change.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And loses, though but <i>verbal</i>, his
reward.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mere <i>verbal</i> refinements, instead of substantial
knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Whewell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having word answering to word; word for word;
literal; as, a <i>verbal</i> translation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with words; verbose.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a verb; as, a
<i>verbal</i> group; derived directly from a verb; as, a <i>verbal</i>
noun; used in forming verbs; as, a <i>verbal</i> prefix.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Verbal inspiration</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Inspiration</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Verbal noun</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>,
<cd>a noun derived directly from a verb or verb stem; a verbal. The term is
specifically applied to infinitives, and nouns ending in <i>-ing</i>, esp.
to the latter.  See <u>Gerund</u>, and <u>-ing</u>, 2.  See also,
<i>Infinitive mood</i>, under <u>Infinitive</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A noun
derived from a verb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something expressed
verbally; a verbal remark or expression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A literal adherent to,
or a minute critic of, words; a literalist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*bal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being verbal; mere words; bare literal expression.</def>  [R.]
"More <i>verbality</i> than matter."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver`bal*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
verbalizing, or the state of being verbalized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Verbalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Verbalizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>verbaliser</i>.] <def>To convert into a
verb; to verbify.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be
verbose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"bal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a
verbal manner; orally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Word for word; verbatim.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*ba"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
words; verbal.</def>  [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*ba"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who coins
words.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Southey gives himself free scope as a
<i>verbarian</i>.</blockquote> <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*ba"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>verbum</i> word.] <def>A game in word making.  See <u>Logomachy</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ver*ba"tim</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L.
<i>verbum</i> word.] <def>Word for word; in the same words; verbally; as,
to tell a story <i>verbatim</i> as another has related it.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Verbatim et literatim</b></col> [LL.], <cd>word for word, and
letter for letter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ver*be"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.  See <u>Vervain</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of herbaceous plants of which several species
are extensively cultivated for the great beauty of their flowers;
vervain.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Verbena, or vervain, was used by the Greeks, the Romans, and the
Druids, in their sacred rites.  <i>Brewer.</i>
</p>

<p><col><b>Essence of verbena</b></col>, <col><b>Oil of verbena</b></col>,
<cd>a perfume prepared from the lemon verbena; also, a similar perfume
properly called <i>grass oil</i>.  See <i>Grass oil</i>, under
<u>Grass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Lemon</b></col>, or <col><b>Sweet</b></col>,
<col><b>verbena</b></col>, <cd>a shrubby verbenaceous plant (<i>Lippia
citriodora</i>), with narrow leaves which exhale a pleasant, lemonlike
fragrance when crushed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ver`be*na"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to a natural order (<i>Verbenace&aelig;</i>) of gamopetalous
plants of which Verbena is the type. The order includes also the black and
white mangroves, and many plants noted for medicinal use or for beauty of
bloom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"be*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Verbenated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Verbenating</u>.] [L. <i>verbenatus</i> crowned with a wreath of sacred
boughs.  See <u>Verbena</u>.] <def>To strew with verbena, or vervain, as in
ancient sacrifices and rites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ber*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>verberatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>verberare</i> to beat, from <i>verber</i> a lash, a whip.]
<def>To beat; to strike.</def>  [Obs.] "The sound . . . rebounds again and
<i>verberates</i> the skies."  <i>Mir. for Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver`ber*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>verberatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>verb&eacute;ration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
verberating; a beating or striking.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The impulse of a body; which causes sound.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"bi*age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>verbiage</i>,
from OF. <i>verbe</i> a word.  See <u>Verb</u>.] <def>The use of many words
without necessity, or with little sense; a superabundance of words;
verbosity; wordiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Verbiage</i> may indicate observation, but not
thinking.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This barren <i>verbiage</i> current among men.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Verb"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Verb</i> + <i>-
fy</i>.] <def>To make into a verb; to use as a verb; to verbalize.</def>
[R.]  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*bose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>verbosus</i>, from
<i>verbum</i> a word.  See <u>Verb</u>.] <def>Abounding in words; using or
containing more words than are necessary; tedious by a multiplicity of
words; prolix; wordy; as, a <i>verbose</i> speaker; a <i>verbose</i>
argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too <i>verbose</i> in their way of speaking.</blockquote>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ver*bose"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ver*bose"ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ver*bos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Verbosities</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>verbositas</i>: cf. F.
<i>verbosit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being verbose; the
use of more words than are necessary; prolixity; wordiness;
verbiage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The worst fault, by far, is the extreme diffuseness and
<i>verbosity</i> of his style.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Verd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Vert</u>,
<u>Verdant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Forest Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The privilege of cutting green wood within a
forest for fuel.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The right of pasturing
animals in a forest.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Greenness; freshness.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"dan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being verdant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"dant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>verdoyant</i>, p. pr.
of <i>verdoyer</i> to be verdant, to grow green, OF. <i>verdoier</i>,
<i>verdeier</i>, fr. <i>verd</i>, <i>vert</i>, green, fr. L. <i>viridis</i>
green, fr. <i>virere</i> to be green: cf. OF. <i>verdant</i> verdant, L.
<i>viridans</i>, p. pr. of <i>viridare</i> to make green.  Cf.
<u>Farthingale</u>, <u>Verjuice</u>, <u>Vert</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Covered with growing plants or grass; green; fresh; flourishing; as,
<i>verdant</i> fields; a <i>verdant</i> lawn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the earth<BR>
Put forth the <i>verdant</i> grass.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unripe in knowledge or judgment;
unsophisticated; raw; green; as, a <i>verdant</i> youth.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Verd` an*tique"</hw> (?). [F. <i>vert antique</i> a kind of marble;
<i>verd</i>, <i>vert</i>, green + <i>antique</i> ancient: cf. It. <i>verde
antico</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mottled-green
serpentine marble.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A green porphyry called
<i>oriental verd antique</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"dant*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a verdant
manner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ver"der*er</hw> (?), <hw>Ver"der*or</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>verdier</i>, LL. <i>viridarius</i>, fr. L.
<i>viridis</i> green.] <i>(Eng. Forest Law)</i> <def>An officer who has the
charge of the king's forest, to preserve the vert and venison, keep the
assizes, view, receive, and enroll attachments and presentments of all
manner of trespasses.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"dict</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>verdit</i>, OF.
<i>verdit</i>, <i>veirdit</i>, LL. <i>verdictum</i>, <i>veredictum</i>; L.
<i>vere</i> truly (fr. <i>verus</i> true) + <i>dictum</i> a saying, a word,
fr. <i>dicere</i>, dictum, to say.  See <u>Very</u>, and <u>Dictum</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The answer of a jury given to the
court concerning any matter of fact in any cause, civil or criminal,
committed to their examination and determination; the finding or decision
of a jury on the matter legally submitted to them in the course of the
trial of a cause.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The decision of a judge or referee, upon an issue of fact, is not
called a <i>verdict</i>, but a <i>finding</i>, or a <i>finding of fact</i>.
<i>Abbott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Decision; judgment; opinion pronounced; as, to
be condemned by the <i>verdict</i> of the public.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These were enormities condemned by the most natural
<i>verdict</i> of common humanity.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two generations have since confirmed the <i>verdict</i>
which was pronounced on that night.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"di*gris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vert-de-gris</i>,
apparently from <i>verd</i>, <i>vert</i>, green + <i>de</i> of +
<i>gris</i> gray, but really a corruption of LL. <i>viride aeris</i>
(equivalent to L. <i>aerugo</i>), from L. <i>viridis</i> green +
<i>aes</i>, <i>aeris</i>, brass.  See <u>Verdant</u>, and 2d <u>Ore</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A green poisonous substance used as
a pigment and drug, obtained by the action of acetic acid on copper, and
consisting essentially of a complex mixture of several basic copper
acetates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The green rust formed on copper.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p>&fist; This rust is a carbonate of copper, and should not be confounded
with true verdigris.  <i>U. S. Disp.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Blue verdigris</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a verdigris having
a blue color, used a pigment, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Distilled
verdigris</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>an acid copper acetate; -- so
called because the acetic acid used in making it was obtained from
<i>distilled</i> vinegar.</cd> -- <col><b>Verdigris green</b></col>,
<cd>clear bluish green, the color of verdigris.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ver"di*gris</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover, or coat,
with verdigris.</def>  [R.] "An old <i>verdigrised</i> brass bugle."
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp. <i>verdino</i>
bright green, F. <i>verdin</i> the yellow-hammer.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small yellow-headed bird (<i>Auriparus flaviceps</i>) of Lower
California, allied to the titmice; -- called also <i>goldtit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>verd</i>,
<i>vert</i>, green.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A commercial name for green
aniline dye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"din*gale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Farthingale</u>.</def>  [Spelled also <i>verdingall</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"dit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Verdict.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"di*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vert-de-terre</i>,
literally, green of earth.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Verdigris.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Either one of two
pigments (called <i>blue verditer</i>, and <i>green verditer</i>) which are
made by treating copper nitrate with calcium carbonate (in the form of
lime, whiting, chalk, etc.) They consist of hydrated copper carbonates
analogous to the minerals azurite and malachite.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Verditer blue</b></col>, <cd>a pale greenish blue color, like
that of the pigment verditer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ver"di*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Verditer</u>.] <def>The faintest and palest green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"doy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>verdoyer</i> to become
green.  See <u>Verdant</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Charged with leaves,
fruits, flowers, etc.; -- said of a border.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"dure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>viridis</i>
green.  See <u>Verdant</u>.] <def>Green; greenness; freshness of
vegetation; as, the <i>verdure</i> of the meadows in June.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wide expanse of living <i>verdure</i>, cultivated gardens,
shady groves, fertile cornfields, flowed round it like a sea.</blockquote>
<i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"dured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
verdure.</def>  <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"dure*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
verdure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"dur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
verdure; clothed with the fresh green of vegetation; verdured; verdant; as,
<i>verdurous</i> pastures.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"e*cund</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>verecundus</i>, fr.
<i>vereri</i> to feel awe.] <def>Rashful; modest.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`e*cun"di*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Verecund.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Verecundious</i> generosity."  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver`e*cun"di*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being verecund; modesty.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ver`e*til"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., dim. of
<i>veretrum</i> the private parts.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of club-shaped, compound Alcyonaria belonging to
<i>Veretillum</i> and allied genera, of the tribe Pennatulacea. The whole
colony can move about as if it were a simple animal.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ver"ga*lien</hw>, <hw>Ver"ga*loo</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. <u>Virgouleuse</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Virgalieu</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Verge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>verge</i>, L.
<i>virga</i>; perhaps akin to E. <i>wisp</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
rod or staff, carried as an emblem of authority; as, the <i>verge</i>,
carried before a dean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The stick or wand with which persons were
formerly admitted tenants, they holding it in the hand, and swearing fealty
to the lord. Such tenants were called <i>tenants by the verge</i>.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>The compass of the court of
Marshalsea and the Palace court, within which the lord steward and the
marshal of the king's household had special jurisdiction; -- so called from
the verge, or staff, which the marshal bore.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A virgate; a yardland.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A border, limit, or boundary of a space; an
edge, margin, or brink of something definite in extent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even though we go to the extreme <i>verge</i> of possibility
to invent a supposition favorable to it, the theory . . . implies an
absurdity.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Mill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But on the horizon's <i>verge</i> descried,<BR>
Hangs, touched with light, one snowy sail.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A circumference; a circle; a ring.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inclusive <i>verge</i><BR>
Of golden metal that must round my brow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The shaft of
a column, or a small ornamental shaft.</def>  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The edge of the tiling projecting over the gable
of a roof.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Horol.)</i> <def>The spindle of a watch balance,
especially one with pallets, as in the old vertical escapement.  See under
<u>Escapement</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Hort.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The edge or
outside of a bed or border.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A slip of grass
adjoining gravel walks, and dividing them from the borders in a
parterre.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>The penis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The external male organ of
certain mollusks, worms, etc.  See <i>Illustration</i> in
Appendix.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Border; edge; rim; brim; margin; brink.</p>

<p><! p. 1603 !></p>

<p><hw>Verge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Verged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Verging</u> (?).] [L. <i>vergere</i> to bend, turn, incline; cf. Skr.
<i>v&?;j</i> to turn.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To border upon; to tend; to
incline; to come near; to approach.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tend downward; to bend; to slope; as, a hill
<i>verges</i> to the north.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our soul, from original instinct, <i>vergeth</i> towards him
as its center.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I find myself <i>verging</i> to that period of life which is
to be labor and sorrow.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Verge"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Verge</i> +
<i>board.</i>  Cf. <u>Bargeboard</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The ornament of
woodwork upon the gable of a house, used extensively in the 15th century.
It was generally suspended from the edge of the projecting roof (see
<u>Verge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4), and in position parallel to the
gable wall. Called also <i>bargeboard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"gen*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of verging or approaching; tendency; approach.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>The reciprocal of the focal
distance of a lens, used as measure of the divergence or convergence of a
pencil of rays.</def> [R.]  <i>Humphrey Lloyd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>verger</i>, from
<i>verge</i> a rod.  See 1st <u>Verge</u>.] <def>One who carries a verge,
or emblem of office.</def>  Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An attendant upon a dignitary, as on a bishop,
a dean, a justice, etc.</def>  [Eng.]  <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The official who takes care of the interior of
a church building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A garden or orchard.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`get`t&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>verget&eacute;</i>.] <def>Divided by pallets, or pales; paly.</def>
<i>W. Berry.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*gette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A small
pale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*rid"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>veridicus</i>;
<i>verus</i> true + <i>dicere</i> to say, tell.] <def>Truth-telling;
truthful; veracious.</def>  [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"i*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
verified; confirmable.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>v&eacute;rification</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of verifying,
or the state of being verified; confirmation; authentication.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Confirmation by
evidence.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A formal phrase used in
concluding a plea.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Verification of an equation</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the
operation of testing the equation of a problem, to see whether it expresses
truly the conditions of the problem.</cd>  <i>Davies &amp; Peck. (Math.
Dict.)</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"i*fi*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Serving to
verify; verifying; authenticating; confirming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, verifies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Verified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Verifying</u>.] [F. <i>v&eacute;rifier</i>, LL. <i>verificare</i>, from
L. <i>verus</i> true + <i>-ficare</i> to make.  See <u>Very</u>, and <i>-
fy</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To prove to be true or correct; to
establish the truth of; to confirm; to substantiate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is <i>verified</i> by a number of
examples.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So shalt thou best fulfill, best <i>verify</i>.<BR>
The prophets old, who sung thy endless reign.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To confirm or establish the authenticity of by
examination or competent evidence; to authenticate; as, to <i>verify</i> a
written statement; to <i>verify</i> an account, a pleading, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>verify</i> our title with their lives.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To maintain; to affirm; to support.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ril"o*quent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>verus</i> true
+ <i>loquens</i> speaking.] <def>Speaking truth; truthful.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Very</u>.]
<def>In very truth; beyond doubt or question; in fact; certainly.</def>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Trust in the Lord and do good; so shalt thou dwell in the
land, and <i>verily</i> thou shalt be fed.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxxvii.
3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. from
<i>ver</i>atr<i>ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid obtained as a
yellow amorphous substance by the decomposition of veratrine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver`i*sim"i*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>verisimilis</i>; <i>verus</i> true + <i>similis</i> like, similar.  See
<u>Very</u>, and <u>Similar</u>.] <def>Having the appearance of truth;
probable; likely.</def>  "How <i>verisimilar</i> it looks."
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver`i*si*mil"i*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>verisimilitudo</i>: cf. OF.  <i>verisimilitude</i>.  See
<u>Verisimilar</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being verisimilar; the
appearance of truth; probability; likelihood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Verisimilitude</i> and opinion are an easy purchase; but
true knowledge is dear and difficult.</blockquote> <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All that gives <i>verisimilitude</i> to a
narrative.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver`i*si*mil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Verisimilitude.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>verisimility</i> or probable truth.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver`i*sim"i*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Verisimilar.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>v&eacute;ritable</i>.  See <u>Verity</u>.] <def>Agreeable to truth or to
fact; actual; real; true; genuine.</def>  "The <i>veritable</i> Deity."
<i>Sir W. Hamilton.</i> -- <wf>Ver"i*ta*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ver"i*tas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>v&eacute;ritas</i>.  See <u>Verity</u>.] <def>The Bureau Veritas.  See
under <u>Bureau</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Verities</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>v&eacute;rit&eacute;</i>, L.
<i>veritas</i>, fr. <i>verus</i> true.  See <u>Very</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being true, or real;
consonance of a statement, proposition, or other thing, with fact; truth;
reality.</def>  "The <i>verity</i> of certain words."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a proposition of eternal <i>verity</i>, that none can
govern while he is despised.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is true; a true assertion or tenet; a
truth; a reality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mark what I say, which you shall find<BR>
By every syllable a faithful <i>verity</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"juice`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vergeous</i>, F.
<i>verjus</i>, that is, the juice of green fruits; <i>verd</i>,
<i>vert</i>, green + <i>jus</i> juice.  See <u>Verdant</u>, and
<u>Juice</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sour juice of crab apples, of
green or unripe grapes, apples, etc.; also, an acid liquor made from such
juice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Tartness; sourness, as of disposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"meil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., vermilion, fr. LL.
<i>vermiculus</i>, fr. L. <i>vermiculus</i> a little worm, the coccus
Indicus, from <i>vermis</i> a worm.  See <u>Worm</u>, and cf.
<u>Vermicule</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Vermilion; also, the color of
vermilion, a bright, beautiful red.</def>  [Poetic &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In her cheeks the <i>vermeil</i> red did show<BR>
Like roses in a bed of lilies shed.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Silver gilt or gilt bronze.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A liquid composition applied to a gilded surface
to give luster to the gold.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver`me*ol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who treats
of vermes, or worms; a helminthologist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver`me*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vermes</i>
worms + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A discourse or treatise on
worms; that part of zo&ouml;logy which treats of worms;
helminthology.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ver"mes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. <i>vermes</i>, pl.
of <i>vermis</i> a worm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
extensive artificial division of the animal kingdom, including the
parasitic worms, or helminths, together with the nemerteans, annelids, and
allied groups. By some writers the branchiopods, the bryzoans, and the
tunicates are also included. The name was used in a still wider sense by
Linn&aelig;us and his followers.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A more
restricted group, comprising only the helminths and closely allied
orders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"me*tid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of vermetus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ver*me"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>vermis</i> worm.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of many species of
marine gastropods belonging to <i>Vermetus</i> and allied genera, of the
family <i>Vermetid&aelig;</i>. Their shells are regularly spiral when
young, but later in life the whorls become separate, and the shell is often
irregularly bent and contorted like a worm tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver`mi*cel"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., pl. of
<i>vermicello</i>, literally, a little worm, dim. of <i>verme</i> a worm,
L. <i>vermis</i>.  See <u>Worm</u>, and cf. <u>Vermicule</u>,
<u>Vermeil</u>.] <def>The flour of a hard and small-grained wheat made into
dough, and forced through small cylinders or pipes till it takes a slender,
wormlike form, whence the Italian name. When the paste is made in larger
tubes, it is called <i>macaroni</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"mi*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vermis</i> a worm
+ <i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>A medicine which destroys intestinal worms;
a worm killer.</def>  <i>Pereira.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*mi"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vermis</i> a
worm.] <def>Of or pertaining to worms; wormy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*mic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vermiculus</i> a
little worm, dim. of <i>vermis</i> a worm: cf. F. <i>vermiculaire</i>.  See
<u>Vermicelli</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a worm or worms; resembling a
worm; shaped like a worm; especially, resembling the motion or track of a
worm; as, the <i>vermicular</i>, or peristaltic, motion of the intestines.
See <u>Peristaltic</u>.</def>  "A twisted form <i>vermicular</i>."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*mic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vermiculated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vermiculating</u>.] [L. <i>vermiculatus</i> inlaid so as to resemble the
tracks of worms, p. p. of <i>vermiculari</i> to be full of worms,
<i>vermiculus</i> a little worm.  See <u>Vermicular</u>.] <def>To form or
work, as by inlaying, with irregular lines or impressions resembling the
tracks of worms, or appearing as if formed by the motion of
worms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*mic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wormlike in shape; covered with wormlike elevations; marked with
irregular fine lines of color, or with irregular wavy impressed lines like
worm tracks; as, a <i>vermiculate</i> nut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Crawling or creeping like a worm; hence,
insinuating; sophistical.</def>  "<i>Vermiculate</i> questions."
<i>Bacon.</i> "<i>Vermiculate</i> logic." <i>R. Choate.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*mic"u*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made or marked
with irregular wavy lines or impressions; vermiculate.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vermiculated work</b></col>, or <col><b>Vermicular
work</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>rustic work so wrought as to have the
appearance of convoluted worms, or of having been eaten into by, or covered
with tracks of, worms.</cd>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*mic`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vermiculatio</i> a being worm-eaten.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or
operation of moving in the manner of a worm; continuation of motion from
one part to another; as, the <i>vermiculation</i>, or peristaltic motion,
of the intestines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of vermiculating, or forming or inlaying
so as to resemble the motion, track, or work of a worm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Penetration by worms; the state of being
wormeaten.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very fine wavy crosswise
color marking, or a patch of such markings, as on the feathers of
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"mi*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vermiculus</i>,
dim. of <i>vermis</i> a worm.  See <u>Vermicular</u>.] <def>A small worm or
insect larva; also, a wormlike body.</def>  [R.]  <i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*mic"u*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vermiculus</i>,
dim. of <i>vermis</i> worm.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A group of minerals having,
a micaceous structure. They are hydrous silicates, derived generally from
the alteration of some kind of mica. So called because the scales, when
heated, open out into wormlike forms.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ver*mic"u*lose`</hw> (?), <hw>Ver*mic"u*lous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vermiculosus</i>.  See <u>Vermicule</u>.]
<def>Containing, or full of, worms; resembling worms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"mi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vermis</i> a worm
+  <i>-form</i>.] <def>Resembling a worm in form or motions; vermicular;
as, the <i>vermiform</i> process of the cerebellum.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vermiform appendix</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a slender blind
process of the c&aelig;cum in man and some other animals; -- called also
<i>vermiform appendage</i>, and <i>vermiform process</i>. Small solid
bodies, such as grape seeds or cherry stones, sometimes lodge in it,
causing serious, or even fatal, inflammation.  See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Digestion</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ver`mi*for"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of worms including Phoronis.  See
<u>Phoronis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*mif"u*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vermis</i> a
worm + <i>fugare</i> to drive away, fr. <i>fugere</i> to flee.  See
<u>Worm</u>, and <u>Fugitive</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Tending to prevent,
destroy, or expel, worms or vermin; anthelmintic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"mi*fuge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vermifuge</i>.
See <u>Vermifugal</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A medicine or substance that
expels worms from animal bodies; an anthelmintic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"mil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Vermeil</u>.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ver`mi*lin"gui*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>vermis</i> worm + <i>lingua</i> tongue.] [Called also
<i>Vermilingues</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tribe
of edentates comprising the South American ant-eaters. The tongue is long,
slender, exsertile, and very flexible, whence the name.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tribe of Old World lizards which comprises the
chameleon. They have long, flexible tongues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*mil"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vermillon</i>.
See <u>Vermeil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A bright red
pigment consisting of mercuric sulphide, obtained either from the mineral
cinnabar or artificially. It has a fine red color, and is much used in
coloring sealing wax, in printing, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The kermes insect has long been used for dyeing red or scarlet.
It was formerly known as the <i>worm dye</i>, <i>vermiculus</i>, or
<i>vermiculum</i>, and the cloth was called <i>vermiculatia</i>. Hence came
the French <i>vermeil</i> for any red dye, and hence the modern name
<i>vermilion</i>, although the substance it denotes is very different from
the kermes, being a compound of mercury and sulphur.  <i>R. Hunt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a red color like the pigment; a lively
and brilliant red; as, cheeks of <i>vermilion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*mil"ion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To color with
vermilion, or as if with vermilion; to dye red; to cover with a delicate
red.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"mi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vermeil.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>; used chiefly as
plural. [OE. <i>vermine</i>, F. <i>vermine</i>, from L. <i>vermis</i> a
worm; cf. LL. <i>vermen</i> a worm, L. <i>verminosus</i> full of worms.
See <u>Vermicular</u>, <u>Worm</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An animal, in
general.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wherein were all manner of fourfooted beasts of the earth,
and <i>vermin</i>, and worms, and fowls.</blockquote> <i>Acts x. 12.
(Geneva Bible).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This crocodile is a mischievous fourfooted beast, a
dangerous <i>vermin</i>, used to both elements.</blockquote>
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A noxious or mischievous animal; especially,
noxious little animals or insects, collectively, as squirrels, rats, mice,
flies, lice, bugs, etc.</def>  "Cruel hounds or some foul <i>vermin</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Great injuries these <i>vermin</i>, mice and rats, do in the
field.</blockquote> <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They disdain such <i>vermin</i> when the mighty boar of the
forest . . . is before them.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, in contempt, noxious human
beings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are my prisoners, base <i>vermin</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"mi*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L. <i>verminare</i>
to have worms, fr. <i>vermis</i> a worm.] <def>To breed vermin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver`mi*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>verminatio</i>
the worms, a disease of animals, a crawling, itching pain.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The generation or breeding of vermin.</def>
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A griping of the bowels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"min*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Resembling
vermin; in the manner of vermin.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Gauden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"min*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>verminosus</i>,
fr. <i>vermis</i> a worm: cf. F. <i>vermineux</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tending to breed vermin; infested by vermin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some . . . <i>verminous</i> disposition of the
body.</blockquote> <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Caused by, or arising from the presence of,
vermin; as, <i>verminous</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"min*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a verminous
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*mip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vermis</i> a
worm + <i>parere</i> to bring forth.] <def>Producing or breeding
worms.</def>  "<i>Vermiparous</i> animals."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*miv"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vermis</i> a
worm + <i>vorare</i> to devour: cf. F. <i>vermivore</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Devouring worms; feeding on worms; as,
<i>vermivorous</i> birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"muth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vermout</i>.] <def>A
liqueur made of white wine, absinthe, and various aromatic drugs, used to
excite the appetite.</def>  [Written also <i>vermouth</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"na*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Veronica</u>,
1.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*nac"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vernaculus</i>
born in one's house, native, fr. <i>verna</i> a slave born in his master's
house, a native, probably akin to Skr. <i>vas</i> to dwell, E. <i>was</i>.]
<def>Belonging to the country of one's birth; one's own by birth or nature;
native; indigenous; -- now used chiefly of language; as, English is our
<i>vernacular</i> language.</def>  "A <i>vernacular</i> disease."
<i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His skill the <i>vernacular</i> dialect of the Celtic
tongue.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which in our <i>vernacular</i> idiom may be thus
interpreted.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*nac"u*lar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The vernacular
language; one's mother tongue; often, the common forms of expression in a
particular locality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*nac"u*lar*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vernacular
idiom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*nac"u*lar*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of making vernacular, or the state of being made
vernacular.</def>  <i>Fitzed. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*nac"u*lar*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
vernacular manner; in the vernacular.</def>  <i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*nac"u*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vernaculus</i>.
See <u>Vernacular</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Vernacular.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [L. <i>vernaculi</i>, pl., buffoons, jesters.]
<def>Scoffing; scurrilous.</def>  [A Latinism. Obs.] "Subject to the
petulancy of every <i>vernaculous</i> orator."  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"nage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>vernaccia</i>.]
<def>A kind of sweet wine from Italy.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vernalis</i>, fr.
<i>vernus</i> vernal, <i>ver</i> spring; akin to Gr. &?;, Skr.
<i>vasanta</i>, Icel. <i>v&amacr;r</i>, and E. <i>Easter</i>, <i>east</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the spring; appearing in the
spring; as, <i>vernal</i> bloom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Belonging to youth, the spring of
life.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When after the long <i>vernal</i> day of life.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And seems it hard thy <i>vernal</i> years<BR>
Few <i>vernal</i> joys can show?</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1604 !></p>

<p><col><b>Vernal equinox</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the time when the
sun crosses the equator when proceeding northward.</cd> -- <col><b>Vernal
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low, soft grass (<i>Anthoxanthum
odoratum</i>), producing in the spring narrow spikelike panicles, and noted
for the delicious fragrance which it gives to new-mown hay; -- also called
<i>sweet vernal grass</i>.  See <i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</cd> --
<col><b>Vernal signs</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the signs, Aries,
Taurus, and Gemini, in which the sun appears between the vernal equinox and
summer solstice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ver"nant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vernans</i>, p. pr.
<i>vernare</i> to flourish, from <i>ver</i> spring.] <def>Flourishing, as
in spring; vernal.</def>  [Obs.] "<i>Vernant</i> flowers."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Vernant</u>.]
<def>To become young again.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*na"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vernation</i>: cf.
L. <i>vernatio</i> the sloughing of the skin of snakes.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The arrangement of the leaves within the leaf bud, as regards their
folding, coiling, rolling, etc.; prefoliation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ni*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Veronica.  See
<u>Veronica</u>, 1.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>vernicle</i> had he sowed upon his cap.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ni*cose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Varnish</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having a brilliantly polished surface, as some
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ni*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after the
inventor, Pierre <i>Vernier</i>.] <def>A short scale made to slide along
the divisions of a graduated instrument, as the limb of a sextant, or the
scale of a barometer, for indicating parts of divisions. It is so graduated
that a certain convenient number of its divisions are just equal to a
certain number, either one less or one more, of the divisions of the
instrument, so that parts of a division are determined by observing what
line on the vernier coincides with a line on the instrument.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vernier calipers</b></col>, <col><b>Vernier gauge</b></col>,
<cd>a gauge with a graduated bar and a sliding jaw bearing a vernier, used
for accurate measurements.</cd> -- <col><b>Vernier compass</b></col>, <cd>a
surveyor's compass with a vernier for the accurate adjustment of the zero
point in accordance with magnetic variation.</cd> -- <col><b>Vernier
transit</b></col>, <cd>a surveyor's transit instrument with a vernier
compass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ver"nile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vernilis</i> servile.
See <u>Vernacular</u>.] <def>Suiting a salve; servile; obsequious.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The example . . . of <i>vernile</i> scurrility.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*nil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vernilitas</i>.]
<def>Fawning or obsequious behavior; servility.</def>  [R.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Vern</i>al + <i>-
ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid extracted from the shoots of the
vetch, red clover, etc., as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"nish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>Varnish.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"no*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside extracted from the root of a South African plant of the genus
<i>Vernonia</i>, as a deliquescent powder, and used as a mild heart
tonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ver`o*nese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It. <i>Veronese</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Verona, in Italy.</def>  -- <pos><i>n. sing. &
pl.</i></pos>  <def>A native of Verona; collectively, the people of
Verona.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ron"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.; -- so called from
<i>Veronica</i>, a woman who, according to an old legend, as Christ was
carrying the cross, wiped his face with a cloth, which received an
impression of his countenance; <i>Veronica</i> is fr. MGr. &?;, fr.
Macedonian &?;, for Gr. &?;, literally, carrying off victory, victorious.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A portrait or representation of the face of our
Savior on the alleged handkerchief of Saint Veronica, preserved at Rome;
hence, a representation of this portrait, or any similar representation of
the face of the Savior. Formerly called also <i>Vernacle</i>, and
<i>Vernicle</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus scrophulariaceous plants;
the speedwell.  See <u>Speedwell</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Several herbaceous species are common in both Europe and America,
most of which have small blue flowers. A few shrubby species from New
Zealand are sometimes found in cultivation.</p>

<p><hw>Ver"ray</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very; true.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ray*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>veraiement</i>.  See <u>Very</u>.] <def>Verily; truly.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ferrule</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver*ric"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>verriculum</i>
a net, seine.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having thickset tufts of parallel
hairs, bristles, or branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*ru"ci*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>verruca</i>
wart + <i>-form</i>.] <def>Shaped like a wart or warts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ru*cose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>verrucosus</i>,
fr. <i>verruca</i> a wart.] <def>Covered with wartlike elevations;
tuberculate; warty; verrucous; as, a <i>verrucose</i> capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ru*cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Verrucose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*ru"cu*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>verrucula</i>,
dim. of <i>verruca</i> a wart.] <def>Minutely verrucose; as, a
<i>verruculose</i> leaf or stalk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>A verse or
verses.  See <u>Verse</u>.</def> [Obs.] "Ten <i>vers</i> or twelve."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver`sa*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being versable.</def>  [R.]  <i>Sterne</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"sa*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>versabilis</i>: cf.
F. <i>versable</i>.  See <u>Versatile</u>.] <def>Capable of being
turned.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"sa*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Versability.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Universal.</def>  [Obs.
or Colloq.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"sant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>versans</i>, p. pr.
<i>versare</i> to turn abound frequently, to turn over in the mind, to
meditate.  See <u>Versatile</u>.] <def>Familiar; conversant.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Men not <i>versant</i> with courts of justice.</blockquote>
<i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"sant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The slope of a side of
a mountain chain; hence, the general slope of a country; aspect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"sa*tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>versatilis</i>,
fr. <i>versare</i> to turn around, v. freq. of <i>vertere</i>: cf. F.
<i>versatile</i>.  See <u>Verse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of
being turned round.</def>  <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liable to be turned in opinion; changeable;
variable; unsteady; inconstant; as <i>versatile</i> disposition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Turning with ease from one thing to another;
readily applied to a new task, or to various subjects; many-sided; as,
<i>versatile</i> genius; a <i>versatile</i> politician.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conspicuous among the youths of high promise . . . was the
quick and <i>versatile</i> [Charles] Montagu.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <def>Capable of turning; freely
movable; as, a <i>versatile</i> anther, which is fixed at one point to the
filament, and hence is very easily turned around; a <i>versatile</i> toe of
a bird.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ver"sa*tile*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- --
<wf>Ver"sa*tile*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ver`sa*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>versatilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being versatile;
versatileness.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vers` de so`ci&eacute;`t&eacute;"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>See
<i>Society verses</i>, under <u>Society</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Verse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vers</i>, AS.
<i>fers</i>, L. <i>versus</i> a line in writing, and, in poetry, a verse,
from <i>vertere</i>, <i>versum</i>, to turn, to turn round; akin to E.
<i>worth</i> to become: cf. F. <i>vers</i>.  See <u>Worth</u> to become,
and cf. <u>Advertise</u>, <u>Averse</u>, <u>Controversy</u>,
<u>Convert</u>, <u>Divers</u>, <u>Invert</u>, <u>Obverse</u>, <u>Prose</u>,
<u>Suzerain</u>, <u>Vortex</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A line consisting
of a certain number of metrical feet (see <u>Foot</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9) disposed according to metrical rules.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Verses are of various kinds, as <i>hexameter</i>,
<i>pentameter</i>, <i>tetrameter</i>, etc., according to the number of feet
in each. A verse of twelve syllables is called an <i>Alexandrine</i>. Two
or more verses form a <i>stanza</i> or <i>strophe</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Metrical arrangement and language; that which is
composed in metrical form; versification; poetry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such prompt eloquence<BR>
Flowed from their lips in prose or numerous <i>verse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Virtue was taught in <i>verse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Verse</i> embalms virtue.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A short division of any composition.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A stanza; a stave; as, a hymn of four
<i>verses</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Although this use of <i>verse</i> is common, it is objectionable,
because not always distinguishable from the stricter use in the sense of a
line.</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>One of the short divisions of
the chapters in the Old and New Testaments.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The author of the division of the Old Testament into
<i>verses</i> is not ascertained. The New Testament was divided into
<i>verses</i> by Robert Stephens [or <i>Estienne</i>], a French printer.
This arrangement appeared for the first time in an edition printed at
Geneva, in 1551.</p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A portion of an anthem to be
performed by a single voice to each part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A piece of poetry.</def>  "This <i>verse</i> be
thine."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Blank verse</b></col>, <cd>poetry in which the lines do not end
in rhymes.</cd> -- <col><b>Heroic verse</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Heroic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Verse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Versed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Versing</u>.]
<def>To tell in verse, or poetry.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Playing on pipes of corn and <i>versing</i>
love.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Verse</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make verses; to
versify.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is not rhyming and <i>versing</i> that maketh a
poet.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Versed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vers&eacute;</i>,
L. <i>versatus</i>, p. p. of <i>versari</i> to turn about frequently, to
turn over, to be engaged in a thing, passive of <i>versare</i>.  See
<u>Versant</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Acquainted or familiar, as the
result of experience, study, practice, etc.; skilled; practiced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Deep <i>versed</i> in books and shallow in
himself.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Opinions . . . derived from studying the Scriptures, wherein
he was <i>versed</i> beyond any person of his age.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These men were <i>versed</i> in the details of
business.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Versed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>versus</i> turned, p. p.
<i>vertere</i>.  See 1st <u>Versed</u>.] <i>(Math.)</i>
<def>Turned.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Versed sine</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Sine</u>, and
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Functions</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Verse"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Versemonger</u>.</def>  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Verse"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writer of
verses; especially, a writer of commonplace poetry; a poetaster; a rhymer;
-- used humorously or in contempt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vers"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A versifier.</def>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vers"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A verse.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"si*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>versiculus</i>,
dim. of <i>versus</i>.  See <u>Verse</u>.] <def>A little verse; especially,
a short verse or text said or sung in public worship by the priest or
minister, and followed by a response from the people.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The psalms were in number fifteen, . . . being digested into
<i>versicles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Strype.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ver"si*col`or</hw> (?), <hw>Ver"si*col`ored</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>versicolor</i>; <i>versare</i> to change +
<i>color</i> color.] <def>Having various colors; changeable in color.</def>
"<i>Versicolor</i>, sweet-smelling flowers."  <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*sic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Versicle</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to verses; designating distinct divisions of a
writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver`si*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>versificatio</i>: cf. F. <i>versification</i>.] <def>The act, art, or
practice, of versifying, or making verses; the construction of poetry;
metrical composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"si*fi*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
versifier.</def>  [R.] "The best <i>versificator</i> next Virgil."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"si*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who versifies, or makes verses; as, not every <i>versifier</i> is
a poet.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who converts into verse; one who expresses
in verse the ideas of another written in prose; as, Dr. Watts was a
<i>versifier</i> of the Psalms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"si*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Versified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Versifying</u> (?).] [OE. <i>versifien</i>, F. <i>versifier</i>, L.
<i>versificare</i>; <i>versus</i> a verse + <i>-ficare</i> to make.  See
<u>Verse</u>, and <u>-fy</u>.] <def>To make verses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>versify</i> in spite, and do my best.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"si*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
relate or describe in verse; to compose in verse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>versify</i> the truth, not poetize.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn into verse; to render into metrical
form; as, to <i>versify</i> the Psalms.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L. <i>vertere</i>,
<i>versum</i>, to turn, to change, to translate.  See <u>Verse</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A change of form, direction, or the like;
transformation; conversion; turning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>version</i> of air into water.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A condition of the uterus in which
its axis is deflected from its normal position without being bent upon
itself.  See <u>Anteversion</u>, and <u>Retroversion</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of translating, or rendering, from one
language into another language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A translation; that which is rendered from
another language; as, the Common, or Authorized, <i>Version</i> of the
Scriptures (see under <u>Authorized</u>); the Septuagint <i>Version</i> of
the Old Testament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An account or description from a particular
point of view, especially as contrasted with another account; as, he gave
another <i>version</i> of the affair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes or favors
a version; a translator.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>versus</i>, p. p. of
<i>vertere</i> to turn: cf. F. <i>verso</i>.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>The
reverse, or left-hand, page of a book or a folded sheet of paper; --
opposed to <i>recto</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L. <i>vertere</i>,
<i>versus</i>, to turn.  See <u>Version</u>.] <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>The
turning factor of a quaternion.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The change of one vector into another is considered in
quaternions as made up of two operations; 1st, the rotation of the first
vector so that it shall be parallel to the second; 2d, the change of length
so that the first vector shall be equal to the second. That which expresses
in amount and kind the first operation is a <i>versor</i>, and is denoted
geometrically by a line at right angles to the plane in which the rotation
takes place, the length of this line being proportioned to the amount of
rotation. That which expresses the second operation is a <i>tensor</i>. The
product of the versor and tensor expresses the total operation, and is
called a <i>quaternion</i>.  See <u>Quaternion</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Quadrantal versor</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Quadrantal</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Verst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>versta</i>: cf. F.
<i>verste</i>.] <def>A Russian measure of length containing 3,500 English
feet.</def>  [Written also <i>werst</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"su*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
verse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ver"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [L., toward, turned in
the direction of, from <i>vertere</i>, <i>versum</i>, to turn.  See
<u>Verse</u>.] <def>Against; as, John Doe <i>versus</i> Richard Roe; --
chiefly used in legal language, and abbreviated to v. or vs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*sute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>versutus</i>, fr.
<i>vertere</i>, <i>versum</i>, to turn.] <def>Crafty; wily; cunning;
artful.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vert</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., green, from L.
<i>viridis</i>.  See <u>Verdant</u>, and cf. <u>Verd</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Forest Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Everything that grows, and bears a green leaf, within the forest; as,
to preserve <i>vert</i> and venison is the duty of the verderer.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The right or privilege of cutting growing
wood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>The color green, represented in a
drawing or engraving by parallel lines sloping downward toward the
right.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"te*ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vertebra.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ver"te*bra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vertebr&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>vertebra</i>, fr.
<i>vertere</i> to turn, change.  See <u>Verse</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the serial segments of the
spinal column.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In many fishes the <i>vertebr&aelig;</i> are simple cartilaginous
disks or short cylinders, but in the higher vertebrates they are composed
of many parts, and the vertebr&aelig; in different portions of the same
column vary very greatly. A well-developed vertebra usually consists of a
more or less cylindrical and solid body, or <i>centrum</i>, which is
surmounted dorsally by an arch, leaving an opening which forms a part of
the canal containing the spinal cord. From this dorsal, or neural, arch
spring various processes, or <i>apophyses</i>, which have received special
names: a dorsal, or neural, spine, <i>spinous process</i>, or
<i>neurapophysis</i>, on the middle of the arch; two anterior and two
posterior <i>articular processes</i>, or <i>zygapophyses</i>; and one or
two <i>transverse processes</i> on each side. In those vertebr&aelig; which
bear well-developed ribs, a tubercle near the end of the rib articulates at
a <i>tubercular facet</i> on the transverse process (<i>diapophysis</i>),
while the end, or head, of the rib articulates at a more ventral
<i>capitular facet</i> which is sometimes developed into a second, or
ventral, transverse process (<i>parapophysis</i>). In vertebrates with
well-developed hind limbs, the spinal column is divided into five regions
in each of which the vertebr&aelig; are specially designated: those
vertebr&aelig; in front of, or anterior to, the first vertebra which bears
ribs connected with the sternum are <i>cervical</i>; all those which bear
ribs and are back of the cervicals are <i>dorsal</i>; the one or more
directly supporting the pelvis are sacral and form the sacrum; those
between the sacral and dorsal are <i>lumbar</i>; and all those back of the
sacral are <i>caudal</i>, or <i>coccygeal</i>. In man there are seven
cervical vertebr&aelig;, twelve dorsal, five lumbar, five sacral, and
usually four, but sometimes five and rarely three, coccygeal.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the central ossicles
in each joint of the arms of an ophiuran.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1605 !></p>

<p><hw>Ver"te*bral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vert&eacute;bral</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to a vertebr&aelig;, or the vertebral column; spinal;
rachidian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vertebrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"te*bral</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
vertebrate.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"te*bral*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>At
or within a vertebra or vertebr&aelig;; -- distinguished from
<i>interverterbrally</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver`te*brar*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a vertebr&aelig; and an artery; -- said of the
foramina in the transverse processes of cervical vertebr&aelig; and of the
canal which they form for the vertebral artery and vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ver`te*bra"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the grand divisions of the animal kingdom,
comprising all animals that have a backbone composed of bony or
cartilaginous vertebr&aelig;, together with Amphioxus in which the backbone
is represented by a simple undivided notochord. The Vertebrata always have
a dorsal, or neural, cavity above the notochord or backbone, and a ventral,
or visceral, cavity below it. The subdivisions or classes of Vertebrata are
Mammalia, Aves, Reptilia, Amphibia, Pisces, Marsipobranchia, and
Leptocardia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"te*brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of the Vertebrata.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ver"te*brate</hw> (?), <hw>Ver"te*bra`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vertebratus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Having a backbone, or vertebral column, containing the
spinal marrow, as man, quadrupeds, birds, amphibia, and fishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Contracted at intervals, so as to
resemble the spine in animals.</def>  <i>Henslow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having movable joints
resembling vertebr&aelig;; -- said of the arms ophiurans.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Vertebrata; -- used only in the form <i>vertebrate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"te*bre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
vertebra.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"te*bro-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to
indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>a vertebra</i>,
<i>vertebr&aelig;</i>, or <i>vertebral column</i>; as in
<i>vertebro</i>costal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"te*bro-il"i*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Iliolumbar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"tex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vertexes</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Vertices</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>vertex</i>, <i>-icis</i>, a whirl, top of the head, top, summit, from
<i>vertere</i> to turn.  See <u>Verse</u>, and cf. <u>Vortex</u>.] <def>A
turning point; the principal or highest point; top; summit; crown;
apex.</def>  Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The top, or crown, of the
head.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The zenith, or the point of the
heavens directly overhead.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The point in any figure opposite
to, and farthest from, the base; the terminating point of some particular
line or lines in a figure or a curve; the top, or the point opposite the
base.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>principal vertex</i> of a conic section is, in the
parabola, the vertex of the axis of the curve: in the ellipse, either
extremity of either axis, but usually the left-hand vertex of the
transverse axis; in the hyperbola, either vertex, but usually the right-
hand vertex of the transverse axis.</p>

<p><col><b>Vertex of a curve</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the point in
which the axis of the curve intersects it.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertex of an
angle</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the point in which the sides of the
angle meet.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertex of a solid</b></col>, or <col><b>of a
surface of revolution</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the point in which the
axis pierces the surface.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ti*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vertical</i>.
See <u>Vertex</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the vertex; situated at the
vertex, or highest point; directly overhead, or in the zenith;
perpendicularly above one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Charity . . . is the <i>vertical</i> top of all
religion.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Perpendicular to the plane of the horizon;
upright; plumb; as, a <i>vertical</i> line.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vertical angle</b></col> <i>(Astron. &amp; Geod.)</i>, <cd>an angle
measured on a vertical circle, called an angle of <i>elevation</i>, or
<i>altitude</i>, when reckoned from the horizon upward, and of
<i>depression</i> when downward below the horizon.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical
anthers</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>such anthers as stand erect at the top
of the filaments.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical circle</b></col>
<i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>an azimuth circle.  See under <u>Azimuth</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Vertical drill</b></col>, <cd>an drill.  See under
<u>Upright</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical fire</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>the fire, as of mortars, at high angles of elevation.</cd> --
<col><b>Vertical leaves</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>leaves which present
their edges to the earth and the sky, and their faces to the horizon, as in
the Australian species of Eucalyptus.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical
limb</b></col>, <cd>a graduated arc attached to an instrument, as a
theodolite, for measuring vertical angles.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical
line</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Dialing)</i> <cd>A line
perpendicular to the horizon.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Conic
Sections)</i> <cd>A right line drawn on the vertical plane, and passing
through the vertex of the cone.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Surv.)</i>
<cd>The direction of a plumb line; a line normal to the surface of still
water.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Geom., Drawing, etc.)</i> <cd>A line
parallel to the sides of a page or sheet, in distinction from a
<i>horizontal line</i> parallel to the top or bottom.</cd> --
<col><b>Vertical plane</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Conic
Sections)</i> <cd>A plane passing through the vertex of a cone, and through
its axis.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Projections)</i> <cd>Any plane which
passes through a vertical line.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Persp.)</i>
<cd>The plane passing through the point of sight, and perpendicular to the
ground plane, and also to the picture.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical
sash</b></col>, <cd>a sash sliding up and down.   Cf. <i>French sash</i>,
under 3d <u>Sash</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vertical steam engine</b></col>,
<cd>a steam engine having the crank shaft vertically above or below a
vertical cylinder.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ti*cal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Vertical position; zenith.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A vertical line, plane, or
circle.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Prime vertical</b></col>, <col><b>Prime vertical dial</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Prime</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Ver`ti*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being vertical; verticalness.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The different points of the <i>verticality</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ti*cal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a vertical
manner, position, or direction; perpendicularly; as, to look down
<i>vertically</i>; to raise a thing <i>vertically</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ti*cal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being vertical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ti*cil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>verticillus</i>,
dim. of <i>vertex</i> a whirl: cf. F. <i>verticille</i>.  See
<u>Vertex</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A circle either of leaves or flowers
about a stem at the same node; a whorl.</def>  [Written also
<i>verticel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver`ti*cil*las"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>verticillus</i> a whirl + <i>aster</i> a star.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
whorl of flowers apparently of one cluster, but composed of two opposite
axillary cymes, as in mint.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Whorl</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ver*tic"il*late</hw> (?; 277), <hw>Ver*tic"il*la`ted</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Verticil</u>.] <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Arranged in a transverse whorl or whorls like the rays of a wheel; as,
<i>verticillate</i> leaves of a plant; a <i>verticillate</i>
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ver`ti*cil"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a whirl.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A whorl; a verticil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*tic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>verticit&eacute;</i>.  See <u>Vertex</u>.] <def>The quality or power of
turning; revolution; rotation.</def>  [R.]  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I hardly believe he hath from elder times unknown the
<i>verticity</i> of the loadstone.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ti*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>verticula</i> a
joint.] <def>An axis; hinge; a turning point.</def>  <i>E.
Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*tig"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Turned round;
giddy.</def>  [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ver*tig"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vertiginosus</i>, fr. <i>vertigo</i> a whirling around, giddiness: cf.
F. <i>vertigineux</i>.  See <u>Vertig&?;&?;</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Turning round; whirling; rotary; revolving; as, <i>vertiginous</i>
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>vertiginous</i> whirl of fortune.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected with vertigo; giddy; dizzy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [the angels] grew <i>vertiginous</i>, and fell from the
battlements of heaven.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Ver*tig"i*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ver*tig"i*nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ti*go</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Vertigoes</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Vertigines</b></plw> (#). [L.,
fr. <i>vertere</i> to turn.  See <u>Verse</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Dizziness or swimming of the head; an affection of the
head in which objects, though stationary, appear to move in various
directions, and the person affected finds it difficult to maintain an erect
posture; giddiness.</def>  <i>Quian.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of small land snails belonging to the genus <i>Vertigo</i>, having an
elongated or conical spiral shell and usually teeth in the
aperture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver`ti*lin"e*ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Verti</i>cal +
<i>linear</i>.] <def>Straight; rectilinear.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ver"tu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Virtue; power.  See <u>Virtue</u>.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Virtu</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"tu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Virtuous;
powerful.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ver`u*mon*ta"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>An elevation, or crest, in the wall of the urethra
where the seminal ducts enter it.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This is sometimes written veru montanum.</p>

<p><hw>Ver"vain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>verveine</i>, F.
<i>verveine</i>, fr. L. <i>verbena</i>, pl. <i>verbenae</i> sacred boughs
of laurel, olive, or myrtle, a class of plants; cf. <i>verbenaca</i>
vervain.  Cf. <u>Verbena</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus
Verbena.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vervain mallow</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of mallow
(<i>Malva Alcea</i>) with rose-colored flowers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Verve</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Excitement of
imagination such as animates a poet, artist, or musician, in composing or
performing; rapture; enthusiasm; spirit; energy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"vel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Varvel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"vet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
South African monkey (<i>Cercopithecus pygerythrus, or Lelandii</i>). The
upper parts are grayish green, finely specked with black. The cheeks and
belly are reddish white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Verier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Veriest</u>.] [OE.
<i>verai</i>, <i>verray</i>, OF. <i>verai</i>, <i>vrai</i>, F. <i>vrai</i>,
(assumed) LL. <i>veracus</i>, for L. <i>verax</i> true, veracious, fr.
<i>verus</i> true; akin to OHG. &amp; OS. <i>w&amacr;r</i>, G. <i>wahr</i>, D.
<i>waar</i>; perhaps originally, that is or exists, and akin to E.
<i>was</i>.  Cf. <u>Aver</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Veracious</u>,
<u>Verdict</u>, <u>Verity</u>.] <def>True; real; actual;
veritable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether thou be my <i>very</i> son Esau or not.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xxvii. 21.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that covereth a transgression seeketh love; but he that
repeateth a matter separateth <i>very</i> friends.</blockquote> <i>Prov.
xvii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>very</i> essence of truth is plainness and
brightness.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I looked on the consideration of public service or public
ornament to be real and <i>very</i> justice.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Very</i> is sometimes used to make the word with which it is
connected emphatic, and may then be paraphrased by <i>same</i>, <i>self-
same</i>, <i>itself</i>, and the like. "The <i>very</i> hand, the
<i>very</i> words." <i>Shak.</i> "The <i>very</i> rats instinctively have
quit it." <i>Shak.</i> "Yea, there where <i>very</i> desolation dwells."
<i>Milton.</i> <i>Very</i> is used occasionally in the comparative degree,
and more frequently in the superlative. "Was not my lord the <i>verier</i>
wag of the two?" <i>Shak.</i> "The <i>veriest</i> hermit in the nation."
<i>Pope.</i> "He had spoken the very truth, and transformed it into the
<i>veriest</i> falsehood." <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Very Reverend</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Reverend</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ver"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a high degree; to no
small extent; exceedingly; excessively; extremely; as, a <i>very</i> great
mountain; a <i>very</i> bright sum; a <i>very</i> cold day; the river flows
<i>very</i> rapidly; he was <i>very</i> much hurt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"bi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>Vesuvius</i>, contr. <i>Vesbius</i>, Vesuvius.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
rare metallic element of which little is known. It is said by Scacchi to
have been extracted from a yellowish incrustation from the cracks of a
Vesuvian lava erupted in 1631.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vese</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Frese</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Onset; rush; violent draught or wind.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ve*si"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>A
bladder.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vesica piscis</b></col>. [L., dish bladder.] <i>(Eccl. Art)</i>
<cd>A glory, or aureole, of oval shape, or composed of two arcs of circles
usually represented as surrounding a divine personage.  More rarely, an
oval composed of two arcs not representing a glory; a solid oval,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ves"i*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vesica</i> bladder.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the bladder.</def>
<i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ves"i*cant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vesica</i> blister:
cf. F. <i>v&eacute;sicant</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A vesicatory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vesicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vesicating</u>.] [See <u>Vesicant</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To raise
little bladders or blisters upon; to inflame and separate the cuticle of;
to blister.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ves`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>v&eacute;sication</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The process of vesicating, or
of raising blisters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"i*ca*to*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>v&eacute;sicatoire</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Tending, or having power, to
raise a blister.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A blistering
application or plaster; a vesicant; an epispastic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"i*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vesicula</i>, dim.
of <i>vesica</i> a bladder, blister; akin to Skr. <i>vasti</i> bladder: cf.
F. <i>v&eacute;sicule</i>.] <def>A bladderlike vessel; a membranous cavity;
a cyst; a cell.</def>  Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small bladderlike body in the
substance of vegetable, or upon the surface of a leaf.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A small, and more or less
circular, elevation of the cuticle, containing a clear watery
fluid.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A cavity or sac, especially one
filled with fluid; as, the umbilical <i>vesicle</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small convex hollow
prominence on the surface of a shell or a coral.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A small cavity, nearly spherical
in form, and usually of the size of a pea or smaller, such as are common in
some volcanic rocks. They are produced by the liberation of watery vapor in
the molten mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"i*co-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form used in anatomy to
indicate <i>connection with</i>, or <i>relation to</i>, <i>the bladder</i>;
as in <i>vesico</i>prostatic, <i>vesico</i>vaginal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves`i*co*pro*stat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of a pertaining to the bladder and the prostrate gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves`i*co*u"ter*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the bladder and the uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves`i*co*vag"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the bladder and the vagina.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ve*sic"u*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vesicul&aelig;</b></plw> . [L., dim. of <i>vesica</i>.] <i>(Anat. &
Med.)</i> <def>A vesicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*sic"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>v&eacute;siculaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to
vesicles; esp., of or pertaining to the air vesicles, or air cells, of the
lungs; as, <i>vesicular</i> breathing, or normal breathing, in which the
air enters freely the air vesicles of the lungs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Containing, or composed of, vesicles or
vesiclelike structures; covered with vesicles or bladders; vesiculate; as,
<i>vesicular</i> coral; <i>vesicular</i> lava; a <i>vesicular</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having the form or structure of a vesicle; as, a
<i>vesicular</i> body.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vesicular column</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a series of nerve
cells forming one of the tracts distinguished in the spinal; -- also called
the <i>ganglionic column</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vesicular emphysema</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>emphysema of the lungs, in which the air vesicles are
distended and their walls ruptured.</cd> -- <col><b>Vesicular
murmur</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the sound, audible on auscultation of
the chest, made by the air entering and leaving the air vesicles of the
lungs in respiration.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ve*sic`u*la"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.  See
<u>Vesicle</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
marine Bryozoa belonging to <i>Vesicularia</i> and allied genera. They have
delicate tubular cells attached in clusters to slender flexible
stems.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ve*sic`u*la"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.  See
<u>Vesicle</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The campanularian
medus&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*sic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bladdery; full of,
or covered with, bladders; vesicular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*sic"u*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form
vesicles in, as lava.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*sic`u*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>The state of containing vesicles, or the process by which vesicles are
formed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ve*sic"u*lose`</hw> (?), <hw>Ve*sic"u*lous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vesiculosus</i>: cf. F.
<i>v&eacute;siculeux</i>.] <def>Bladdery; vesicular; vesiculate; composed
of vesicles; covered with vesicles; as, a <i>vesiculose</i>
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ves"pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., wasp.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Hymenoptera including the common wasps
and hornets.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1606 !></p>

<p><hw>Ves"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the evening, the evening
star, the west; akin to Gr. &?;, &?;, and perhaps to E. <i>west</i>.  Cf.
<u>Hesperian</u>, <u>Vespers</u>.] <def>The evening star; Hesper; Venus,
when seen after sunset; hence, the evening.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ves"per</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
evening, or to the service of vespers; as, a <i>vesper</i> hymn;
<i>vesper</i> bells.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vesper sparrow</b></col>, <cd>the grass finch.  See under
<u>Grass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ves"per*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vesper;
evening.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"pers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OF. <i>vespres</i>, F.
<i>v&ecirc;pres</i>, LL. <i>vesperae</i>, fr. L. <i>vespera</i> evening.
See <u>Vesper</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the little hours of the Breviary.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The evening song or service.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Sicilian vespers</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Sicilian</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ves`per*til"i*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a bat.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of bats including some of the common small
insectivorous species of North America and Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves`per*til`i*o"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe of bats including the common insectivorous
bats of America and Europe, belonging to Vespertilio and allied genera.
They lack a nose membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves`per*til`i*o"nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Vespertiliones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"per*ti`nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vespertine.</def>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ves"per*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vespertinus</i>.
See <u>Vesper</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
evening; happening or being in the evening.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Blossoming in the
evening.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"pi*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vespa</i> a wasp.]
<def>A nest, or habitation, of insects of the wasp kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves*pil"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vespilloes</b></plw> (#). [L.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>One who
carried out the dead bodies of the poor at night for burial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like <i>vespilloes</i> or grave makers.</blockquote> <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ves"sel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>vessel</i>,
<i>veissel</i>, <i>vaissel</i>, <i>vaissiel</i>, F. <i>vascellum</i>, dim.
of <i>vasculum</i>, dim. of <i>vas</i> a vessel.  Cf. <u>Vascular</u>,
<u>Vase</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hollow or concave utensil for
holding anything; a hollow receptacle of any kind, as a hogshead, a barrel,
a firkin, a bottle, a kettle, a cup, a bowl, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They drank] out of these noble <i>vessels</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A general name for any hollow structure made to
float upon the water for purposes of navigation; especially, one that is
larger than a common rowboat; as, a war <i>vessel</i>; a passenger
<i>vessel</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] began to build a <i>vessel</i> of huge
bulk.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A person regarded as receiving or
containing something; esp. <i>(Script.)</i>, one into whom something is
conceived as poured, or in whom something is stored for use; as,
<i>vessels</i> of wrath or mercy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He is a chosen <i>vessel</i> unto me.</blockquote> <i>Acts
ix. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[The serpent] fit <i>vessel</i>, fittest imp of fraud, in
whom<BR>
To enter.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Any tube or canal in which the
blood or other fluids are contained, secreted, or circulated, as the
arteries, veins, lymphatics, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A continuous tube formed from
superposed large cylindrical or prismatic cells (trache&aelig;), which have
lost their intervening partitions, and are usually marked with dots, pits,
rings, or spirals by internal deposition of secondary membranes; a
duct.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Acoustic vessels</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Acoustic</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Weaker vessel</b></col>, <cd>a woman; -- now applied
humorously.</cd>  "Giving honor unto the wife, as unto the <i>weaker
vessel</i>." <i>1 Peter iii. 7.</i> "You are the <i>weaker vessel</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ves"sel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put into a
vessel.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ves"sel*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vesselfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a vessel will hold;
enough to fill a vessel.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ves"ses</hw> (?), <hw>Ves"sets</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A kind of worsted; also, a worsted cloth.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ves"sic*non</hw> (?), <hw>Ves"sig*non</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vessigon</i>, fr. L. <i>vesica</i> a bladder,
blister.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A soft swelling on a horse's leg; a
windgall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vestis</i> a garment,
vesture; akin to Goth. <i>wasti</i>, and E. <i>wear</i>: cf. F.
<i>veste</i>.  See <u>Wear</u> to carry on the person, and cf.
<u>Divest</u>, <u>Invest</u>, <u>Travesty</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An article of clothing covering the person; an
outer garment; a vestment; a dress; a vesture; a robe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In state attended by her maiden train,<BR>
Who bore the <i>vests</i> that holy rites require.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any outer covering; array; garb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not seldom clothed in radiant <i>vest</i><BR>
Deceitfully goes forth the morn.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a waistcoat, or sleeveless body
garment, for men, worn under the coat.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Garment; vesture; dress; robe; vestment; waistcoat.  --
<u>Vest</u>, <u>Waistcoat</u>. In England, the original word
<i>waistcoat</i> is generally used for the body garment worn over the shirt
and immediately under the coat. In the United States this garment is
commonly called a <i>vest</i>, and the <i>waistcoat</i> is often improperly
given to an under-garment.</p>

<p><hw>Vest</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Vested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Vesting</u>.] [Cf. L.
<i>vestire</i>, <i>vestitum</i>, OF. <i>vestir</i>, F. <i>v&ecirc;tir</i>.
See <u>Vest</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To clothe
with, or as with, a vestment, or garment; to dress; to robe; to cover,
surround, or encompass closely.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Came <i>vested</i> all in white, pure as her
mind.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With ether <i>vested</i>, and a purple sky.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clothe with authority, power, or the like; to
put in possession; to invest; to furnish; to endow; -- followed by
<i>with</i> before the thing conferred; as, to <i>vest</i> a court with
power to try cases of life and death.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Had I been <i>vested</i> with the monarch's
power.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To place or give into the possession or
discretion of some person or authority; to commit to another; -- with
<i>in</i> before the possessor; as, the power of life and death is
<i>vested</i> in the king, or in the courts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Empire and dominion was [were] <i>vested</i> in
him.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To invest; to put; as, to <i>vest</i> money in
goods, land, or houses.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To clothe with possession; as, to
<i>vest</i> a person with an estate; also, to give a person an immediate
fixed right of present or future enjoyment of; as, an estate is
<i>vested</i> in possession.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vest</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To come or descend; to
be fixed; to take effect, as a title or right; -- followed by <i>in</i>;
as, upon the death of the ancestor, the estate, or the right to the estate,
<i>vests</i> in the heir at law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Vesta</i>, akin to Gr.
&?; Vesta, &?; the hearth of the house, and perhaps to Skr. <i>ush</i> to
burn (see <i>East</i>), or perhaps to Skr. <i>vas</i> to dwell, and E.
<i>was</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Myth.)</i> <def>One of the great
divinities of the ancient Romans, identical with the Greek <i>Hestia</i>.
She was a virgin, and the goddess of the hearth; hence, also, of the fire
on it, and the family round it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An asteroid, or minor planet,
discovered by Olbers in 1807.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wax friction match.</def>
<i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ves"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Vestalis</i> belonging
to Vesta, vestal.  See <u>Vesta</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Vesta, the
virgin goddess of the hearth; hence, pure; chaste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Vestalis</i> (sc.
<i>virgo</i>): cf. F. <i>vestale</i>.  See <u>Vestal</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A virgin
consecrated to Vesta, and to the service of watching the sacred fire, which
was to be perpetually kept burning upon her altar.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Vestals</i> were originally four, but afterward six, in
number. Their term of service lasted thirty years, the period of admission
being from the sixth to the tenth year of the candidate's age.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A virgin; a woman pure and chaste; also, a
nun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How happy is the blameless <i>vestal's</i> lot!</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ves*ta"les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.  See
<u>Vestal</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of butterflies including
those known as virgins, or gossamer-winged butterflies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vest"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Clothed; robed; wearing vestments.</def>  "The <i>vested</i> priest."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Not in a state of contingency or
suspension; fixed; as, <i>vested</i> rights; <i>vested</i>
interests.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vested legacy</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a legacy the right to
which commences <i>in pr&aelig;senti</i>, and does not depend on a
contingency; as, a legacy to one to be paid when he attains to twenty-one
years of age is a <i>vested legacy</i>, and if the legatee dies before the
testator, his representative shall receive it.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> --
<col><b>Vested remainder</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an estate settled, to
remain to a determined person, after the particular estate is spent.</cd>
<i>Blackstone.</i> <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ves`ti*a"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Vestiary</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a vestiary or vestments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"ti*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vestiarium</i>.
See <u>Vestry</u>.] <def>A wardrobe; a robing room; a vestry.</def>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ves"ti*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to clothes,
or vestments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves*tib"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a vestibule; like a vestibule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"ti*bule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vestibulum</i>, of
uncertain origin: cf. F. <i>vestibule</i>.] <def>The porch or entrance into
a house; a hall or antechamber next the entrance; a lobby; a porch; a
hall.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vestibule of the ear</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Ear</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vestibule of the vulva</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>a triangular space between the nymph&aelig;, in which
the orifice of the urethra is situated.</cd> -- <col><b>Vestibule
train</b></col> <i>(Railroads)</i>, <cd>a train of passenger cars having
the space between the end doors of adjacent cars inclosed, so as to admit
of leaving the doors open to provide for intercommunication between all the
cars.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hall; passage.  -- <u>Vestibule</u>, <u>Hall</u>,
<u>Passage</u>.  A <i>vestibule</i> is a small apartment within the doors
of a building.  A <i>hall</i> is the first large apartment beyond the
vestibule, and, in the United States, is often long and narrow, serving as
a passage to the several apartments. In England, the <i>hall</i> is
generally square or oblong, and a long, narrow space of entrance is called
a <i>passage</i>, not a <i>hall</i>, as in America. <i>Vestibule</i> is
often used in a figurative sense to denote a place of entrance.  "The
citizens of Rome placed the images of their ancestors in the
<i>vestibules</i> of their houses." <i>Bolingbroke</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ves*tib"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vestibula</b></plw> (#). [L., vestibule.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A cavity into which, in certain bryozoans, the esophagus and anus
open.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"ti*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>vestigatus</i>,
p. p. of <i>vestigare</i>.  See <u>Vestige</u>.] <def>To investigate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ves"tige</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>vestigium</i> footprint, trace, sign; the last part (<i>-stigium</i>) is
probably akin to E. <i>sty</i>, v. i.  Cf. <u>Investigate</u>.] <def>The
mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign;
hence, a faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost, or has
perished, or is no longer present; remains; as, the <i>vestiges</i> of
ancient magnificence in Palmyra; <i>vestiges</i> of former
population.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>vestiges</i> of liberty or property have they
left?</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ridicule has followed the <i>vestiges</i> of Truth, but
never usurped her place.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Trace; mark; sign; token.  -- <u>Vestige</u>,
<u>Trace</u>. These words agree in marking some indications of the past,
but differ to some extent in their use and application. <i>Vestige</i> is
used chiefly in a figurative sense, for the remains something long passed
away; as, the <i>vestiges</i> of ancient times; <i>vestiges</i> of the
creation.  A <i>trace</i> is literally something drawn out in a line, and
may be used in this its primary sense, or figuratively, to denote a sign or
evidence left by something that has passed by, or ceased to exist.
<i>Vestige</i> usually supposes some definite object of the past to be left
behind; while a <i>trace</i> may be a mere indication that something has
been present or is present; as, <i>traces</i> of former population; a
<i>trace</i> of poison in a given substance.</p>

<p><hw>Ves*tig"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a vestige or remnant; like a vestige.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vest"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cloth for vests; a vest
pattern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"ti*ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Vesture</u>.] <def>In vestiture.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vest"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>vest</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of actinians belonging
to the genus <i>Cerianthus</i>. These animals have a long, smooth body
tapering to the base, and two separate circles of tentacles around the
mouth. They form a tough, flexible, feltlike tube with a smooth internal
lining, in which they dwell, whence the name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vest"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vestement</i>,
<i>vestiment</i>, OF. <i>vestement</i>, <i>vestiment</i>, F.
<i>v&ecirc;tement</i>, fr. L. <i>vestimentum</i>, fr. <i>vestire</i> to
clothe, fr. <i>vestis</i> a garment, clothing.  See <u>Vest</u>.] <def>A
covering or garment; some part of clothing or dress</def>; specifically
<i>(Eccl.)</i>, <def>any priestly garment.</def>  "Royal <i>vestiment</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i> "Priests in holy <i>vestments</i>." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> The sculptor could not give <i>vestments</i> suitable to
the quality of the persons represented.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ves"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vestries</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>vestrye</i>, F. <i>vestiaire</i>,
L. <i>vestiarium</i>, fr. <i>vestiarius</i> belonging to clothes, fr.
<i>vestis</i> a garment.  See <u>Vest</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Vestiary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A room appendant to a church, in
which sacerdotal vestments and sacred utensils are sometimes kept, and
where meetings for worship or parish business are held; a sacristy; --
formerly called <i>revestiary</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He said unto him that was over the <i>vestry</i>, Bring
forth vestments for all the worshipers of Baal.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings x.
22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i> <def>A parochial assembly; an
assembly of persons who manage parochial affairs; -- so called because
usually held in a vestry.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Prot. Epis. Ch.)</i> <def>A body, composed of
wardens and vestrymen, chosen annually by a parish to manage its temporal
concerns.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Metropolitan vestry</b></col>, <cd>in the city of London, and
certain specified parishes and places in England, a body composed of
householders who pay poor rates. Its duties include the repair of churches,
care of highways, the appointment of certain officers, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Select vestry</b></col>, <cd>a select number of persons chosen in
large and populous English parishes to represent and manage the concerns of
the parish for one year.</cd> <i>Mozley &amp; W.</i> -- <col><b>Vestry
board</b></col> <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i>, <cd>a vestry.  See def. 2,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Vestry clerk</b></col>, <cd>an officer chosen by the
vestry, who keeps a record of its proceedings; also, in England, one who
keeps the parish accounts and books.</cd> -- <col><b>Vestry
meeting</b></col>, <cd>the meeting of a vestry or vestry board; also, a
meeting of a parish held in a vestry or other place.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ves"try*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vestrymen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A member of a vestry; especially
<i>(Prot. Epis. Ch.)</i>, a member other than a warden.  See
<u>Vestry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>vesture</i>,
<i>vesteure</i>, F. <i>v&ecirc;ture</i>, LL. <i>vestitura</i>, from L.
<i>vestire</i> to clothe, dress.  See <u>Vest</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
and cf. <u>Vestiture</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A garment or garments; a
robe; clothing; dress; apparel; vestment; covering; envelope.</def>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Approach, and kiss her sacred <i>vesture's</i>
hem.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rocks, precipices, and gulfs, appareled with a
<i>vesture</i> of plants.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There polished chests embroidered <i>vestures</i>
graced.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
corn, grass, underwood, stubble, etc., with which land was covered; as, the
<i>vesture</i> of an acre.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Seizin;
possession.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with vesture
or garments; clothed; enveloped.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We be <i>vestured</i> with poor cloth.</blockquote> <i>Ld.
Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ve*su"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>V&eacute;suvien</i>, It. <i>Vesuviano</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
Vesuvius, a volcano near Naples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*su"vi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>vesuvian</i>.  See
<u>Vesuvian</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Vesuvianite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*su"vi*an*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
mineral occurring in tetragonal crystals, and also massive, of a brown to
green color, rarely sulphur yellow and blue. It is a silicate of alumina
and lime with some iron magnesia, and is common at Vesuvius. Also called
<i>idocrase</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*su"vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trade name for a
brown dyestuff obtained from certain basic azo compounds of benzene; --
called also <i>Bismarck brown</i>, <i>Manchester brown</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vetch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>fitch</i>; OE.
<i>ficche</i>, <i>feche</i>, for <i>veche</i>, OF. <i>veche</i>,
<i>vecce</i>, <i>vesche</i>, <i>vesce</i>, F. <i>vesce</i>, fr. L.
<i>vicia</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any leguminous plant of the genus
<i>Vicia</i>, some species of which are valuable for fodder. The common
species is <i>V. sativa</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to many other leguminous plants of
different genera; as the chichling vetch, of the genus <i>Lathyrus</i>; the
horse vetch, of the genus <i>Hippocrepis</i>; the kidney vetch
(<i>Anthyllis vulneraria</i>); the milk vetch, of the genus
<i>Astragalus</i>; the licorice vetch, or wild licorice (<i>Abrus
precatorius</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Vetch"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Vetch</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any small leguminous plant of the genus
<i>Lathyrus</i>, especially <i>L. Nissolia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vetch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of vetches or of pea straw.</def>  "A <i>vetchy</i> bed."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with vetches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vet"er*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>veteranus</i>, from
<i>vetus</i>, <i>veteris</i>, old; akin to Gr. &?; year, Skr.
<i>vatsara</i>.  See <u>Wether</u>.] <def>Long exercised in anything,
especially in military life and the duties of a soldier; long practiced or
experienced; as, a <i>veteran</i> officer or soldier; <i>veteran</i>
skill.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The insinuating eloquence and delicate flattery of
<i>veteran</i> diplomatists and courtiers.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1607 !></p>

<p><hw>Vet"er*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>veteranus</i> (sc.
<i>miles</i>): cf. F. <i>v&eacute;t&eacute;ran</i>.] <def>One who has been
long exercised in any service or art, particularly in war; one who has
had.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ensigns that pierced the foe's remotest lines,<BR>
The hardy <i>veteran</i> with tears resigns.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States, during the civil war, soldiers who had
served through one term of enlistment and had re&euml;nlisted were
specifically designated <i>veterans</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Vet"er*an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
re&euml;nlist for service as a soldier.</def>  [U. S.]  <i>Gen. W. T.
Sherman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vet`er*i*na"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>veterinarius</i>.  See <u>Veterinary</u>.] <def>One skilled in the
diseases of cattle or domestic animals; a veterinary surgeon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vet"er*i*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>veterinarius</i> of or belonging to beasts of burden an draught, fr.
<i>veterinus</i>, probably originally, of or pertaining to yearlings: cf.
F. <i>v&eacute;t&eacute;rinaire</i>.  See <u>Veteran</u>, <u>Wether</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the art of healing or treating the diseases of
domestic animals, as oxen, horses, sheep, etc.; as, a <i>veterinary</i>
writer or school.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vet"i*ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An East
Indian grass (<i>Andropogon muricatus</i>); also, its fragrant roots which
are much used for making mats and screens.  Also called <i>kuskus</i>, and
<i>khuskhus</i>.</def>  [Sometimes written <i>vetivert</i>, and
<i>vitivert</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ve"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vetoes</b></plw> (&?;). [L. <i>veto</i> I forbid.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An authoritative prohibition or negative; a
forbidding; an interdiction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This contemptuous <i>veto</i> of her husband's on any
intimacy with her family.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A power or right possessed by one department of
government to forbid or prohibit the carrying out of projects attempted by
another department; especially, in a constitutional government, a power
vested in the chief executive to prevent the enactment of measures passed
by the legislature. Such a power may be absolute, as in the case of the
Tribunes of the People in ancient Rome, or limited, as in the case of the
President of the United States. Called also <i>the veto
power</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The exercise of such authority; an act of
prohibition or prevention; as, a <i>veto</i> is probable if the bill
passes.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A document or message communicating the reasons
of the executive for not officially approving a proposed law; -- called
also <i>veto message</i>.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Veto</i> is not a term employed in the Federal Constitution,
but seems to be of popular use only.
<i>Abbott.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Ve"to</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Vetoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Vetoing</u>.]
<def>To prohibit; to negative; also, to refuse assent to, as a legislative
bill, and thus prevent its enactment; as, to <i>veto</i> an appropriation
bill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve"to*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who uses, or sustains
the use of, the veto.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vet*tu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vetture</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>vettura</i>, fr. L. <i>vectura</i>
conveyance.  Cf. <u>Vecture</u>.] <def>An Italian four-wheeled carriage,
esp. one let for hire; a hackney coach.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vet`tu*ri"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vetturini</b></plw> (#). [It.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who lets
or drives a vettura.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vettura.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*tust"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vetustus</i> old,
ancient.] <def>Venerable from antiquity; ancient; old.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vex</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vexed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vexing</u>.] [F. <i>vexer</i>, L. <i>vexare</i>, <i>vexatum</i>, to vex,
originally, to shake, toss, in carrying, v. intens. fr. <i>vehere</i>,
<i>vectum</i>, to carry.  See <u>Vehicle</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
to&?;s back and forth; to agitate; to disquiet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>White curl the waves, and the <i>vexed</i> ocean
roars.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make angry or annoyed by little provocations;
to irritate; to plague; to torment; to harass; to afflict; to trouble; to
tease.</def>  "I will not <i>vex</i> your souls."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then thousand torments <i>vex</i> my heart.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To twist; to weave.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Some English wool, <i>vexed</i> in a Belgian
loom.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Tease</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Vex</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be irritated; to
fret.</def>  [R.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vex*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vexatio</i>: cf. F.
<i>vexation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of vexing, or the state
of being vexed; agitation; disquiet; trouble; irritation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Passions too violent . . . afford us nothing but
<i>vexation</i> and pain.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who saw him after a defeat looked in vain for any
trace of <i>vexation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The cause of trouble or disquiet;
affliction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your children were <i>vexation</i> to your
youth.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A harassing by process of law; a vexing or
troubling, as by a malicious suit.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Chagrin; agitation; mortification; uneasiness; trouble;
grief; sorrow; distress.  See <u>Chagrin</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Vex*a"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Vexation</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Causing vexation; agitating; afflictive; annoying;
as, a <i>vexatious</i> controversy; a <i>vexatious</i> neighbor.</def>
"Continual <i>vexatious</i> wars."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full or vexation, trouble, or disquiet;
disturbed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He leads a <i>vexatious</i> life.</blockquote> <i>Sir K.
Digby.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Vexatious suit</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a suit commenced for
the purpose of giving trouble, or without cause.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Vex*a"tious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Vex*a"tious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vexed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Annoyed; harassed; troubled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Much debated or contested; causing discussion;
as, a <i>vexed</i> question.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vex"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who vexes or
troubles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vex"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vexillum.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Vex"il*lar</hw> (?), <hw>Vex"il*la*ry</hw> (?), }[Cf. F.
<i>vexillaire</i>, L. <i>vexillarius</i> a standard bearer.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to an ensign or
standard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the vexillum,
or upper petal of papilionaceous flowers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vexilary &aelig;stivation</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a mode of
&aelig;stivation in which one large upper petal folds over, and covers, the
other smaller petals, as in most papilionaceous plants.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vex"il*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vexillarius</i>:
cf. F. <i>vexillaire</i>.] <def>A standard bearer.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vex`il*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vexillatio</i>.] <i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <def>A company of troops under one
vexillum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vex*il"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vexilla</b></plw> (#). [L., a standard, a flag.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Rom. Antiq.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A flag or standard.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A company of troops serving under one
standard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
banner.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sign of the cross.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The upper petal of a
papilionaceous flower; the standard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The rhachis and web of a
feather taken together; the vane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vex"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a vexing manner;
so as to vex, tease, or irritate.</def>  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>V" hook`</hw> (?). <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>A gab at the end of an
eccentric rod, with long jaws, shaped like the letter
<universbold>V.</universbold></def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.  See <u>Way</u>.] <def>A
road way.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Via Lactea</b></col> [L.] <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the Milky Way, or
Galaxy.  See <u>Galaxy</u>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Via media</b></col> [L.]
<i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>the middle way; -- a name applied to their own
position by the Anglican high-churchmen, as being between the Roman
Catholic Church and what they term extreme Protestantism.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vi"a</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [L., ablative of <i>via</i> way.
See <u>Way</u>.] <def>By the way of; as, to send a letter <i>via</i>
Queenstown to London.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being viable.</def>  Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The capacity of living after
birth.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The capacity of living, or being distributed,
over wide geographical limits; as, the <i>viability</i> of a
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., from <i>vie</i> life,
L. <i>vita</i>.  See <u>Vital</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Capable of living;
born alive and with such form and development of organs as to be capable of
living; -- said of a newborn, or a prematurely born, infant.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Unless he [an infant] is born <i>viable</i>, he acquires no
rights, and can not transmit them to his heirs, and is considered as if he
had never been born.
<i>Bouvier.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Vi`a*duct</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>via</i> a way + <i>-
duct</i>, as in <i>aqueduct</i>: cf. F. <i>viaduc</i>.  See <u>Via</u>, and
<u>Aqueduct</u>.] <def>A structure of considerable magnitude, usually with
arches or supported on trestles, for carrying a road, as a railroad, high
above the ground or water; a bridge; especially, one for crossing a valley
or a gorge.  Cf. <u>Trestlework</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Voyage</u>.] <def>A
voyage; a journey.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>viole</i>,
<i>fiole</i>, F. <i>fiole</i>.  See <u>Phial</u>.] <def>A small bottle,
usually of glass; a little glass vessel with a narrow aperture intended to
be closed with a stopper; as, a <i>vial</i> of medicine.</def>  [Written
also <i>phial</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Take thou this <i>vial</i>, being then in bed,<BR>
And this distilled liquor thou off.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"al</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Vialed</u> (?) or <u>Vialled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vialing</u> or <u>Vialling</u>.] <def>To put in a vial or vials.</def>
"Precious <i>vialed</i> liquors."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*am"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>via</i> a way +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An odometer; -- called also
<i>viatometer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"and</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>viande</i> meat, food,
LL. <i>vianda</i>, <i>vivanda</i>, <i>vivenda</i>, properly, things to live
on, fr. L. <i>vivere</i> to live; akin to <i>vivus</i> living.  See
<u>Vivid</u>, and cf. <u>Victualis</u>.] <def>An article of food;
provisions; food; victuals; -- used chiefly in the plural.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Viands</i> of various kinds allure the
taste.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"and*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A feeder; an eater;
also, one who provides viands, or food; a host.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"-ap`ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Otaheite
apple</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>viarius</i>, fr.
<i>via</i> a way, road.] <def>Of or pertaining to roads; happening on
roads.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vi"a*tec`ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>via</i> way
+ <i>-tecture</i>, as in <i>architecture</i>.] <def>The art of making roads
or ways for traveling, including the construction of bridges, canals,
viaducts, etc.</def>  [R.]  <i>R. Park.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*at"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>viaticus</i>, fr.
<i>via</i> a way.  See <u>Voyage</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a journey
or traveling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*at"i*cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from
<i>viaticus</i>, a.  See <u>Viatic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>An allowance for traveling expenses made to those who were
sent into the provinces to exercise any office or perform any
service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Provisions for a journey.</def>  <i>Davies
(Wit's Pilgr.).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The communion, or eucharist,
when given to persons in danger of death.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`a*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
viameter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi*bi"ces</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., pl. of
<i>vibex</i>, <i>-icis</i>, the mark of a blow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>More or
less extensive patches of subcutaneous extravasation of blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi*brac"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vibracula</b></plw> (#). [NL., dim. from L. <i>vibrare</i> to
vibrate.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the movable, slender, spinelike
organs or parts with which certain bryozoans are furnished. They are
regarded as specially modified zooids, of nearly the same nature as
Avicularia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"bran*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
vibrant; resonance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"brant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vibrans</i>, p. pr.:
cf. F. <i>vibrant</i>.  See <u>Vibrate</u>.] <def>Vibrating; tremulous;
resonant; as, <i>vibrant</i> drums.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vibrate</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vibrating</u>.] [L. <i>vibratus</i>, p. p. of <i>vibrare</i>, v. t. &amp; v.
i., to snake, brandish, vibrate; akin to Skr. <i>vip</i> to tremble, Icel.
<i>veifa</i> to wave, vibrate.  See <u>Waive</u> and cf. <u>Whip</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To brandish; to move to
and fro; to swing; as, to <i>vibrate</i> a sword or a staff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To mark or measure by moving to and fro; as, a
pendulum <i>vibrating</i> seconds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To affect with vibratory motion; to set in
vibration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Breath vocalized, that is, <i>vibrated</i> or undulated, may
. . . impress a swift, tremulous motion.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Star to star <i>vibrates</i> light.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"brate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To move to and fro, or from side to side, as a pendulum, an elastic
rod, or a stretched string, when disturbed from its position of rest; to
swing; to oscillate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have the constituent particles move to and
fro, with alternate compression and dilation of parts, as the air, or any
elastic body; to quiver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To produce an oscillating or quivering effect of
sound; as, a whisper <i>vibrates</i> on the ear.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pass from one state to another; to waver; to
fluctuate; as, a man <i>vibrates</i> between two opinions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"bra*tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vibratile</i>.] <def>Adapted to, or used in, vibratory motion; having
the power of vibrating; vibratory; as, the <i>vibratile</i> organs of
insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`bra*til"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vibratilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being vibratile;
disposition to vibration or oscillation.</def>  <i>Rush.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*bra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vibratio</i>: cf.
F. <i>vibration</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of vibrating, or the
state of being vibrated, or in vibratory motion; quick motion to and fro;
oscillation, as of a pendulum or musical string.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As a harper lays his open palm<BR>
Upon his harp, to deaden its <i>vibrations</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A limited reciprocating motion
of a particle of an elastic body or medium in alternately opposite
directions from its position of equilibrium, when that equilibrium has been
disturbed, as when a stretched cord or other body produces musical notes,
or particles of air transmit sounds to the ear. The path of the particle
may be in a straight line, in a circular arc, or in any curve
whatever.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Vibration</i> and <i>oscillation</i> are both used, in
mechanics, of the swinging, or rising and falling, motion of a suspended or
balanced body; the latter term more appropriately, as signifying such
motion produced by gravity, and of any degree of slowness, while the former
applies especially to the quick, short motion to and fro which results from
elasticity, or the action of molecular forces among the particles of a body
when disturbed from their position of rest, as in a spring.</p>

<p><col><b>Amplitude of vibration</b></col>, <cd>the maximum displacement
of a vibrating particle or body from its position of rest.</cd> --
<col><b>Phase of vibration</b></col>, <cd>any part of the path described by
a particle or body in making a complete vibration, in distinction from
other parts, as while moving from one extreme to the other, or on one side
of the line of rest, in distinction from the opposite. Two particles are
said to be in the same <i>phase</i> when they are moving in the same
direction and with the same velocity, or in corresponding parts of their
paths.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vi*bra"ti*un`cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>vibration</i>.] <def>A small vibration.</def>  [R.]
<i>Chambers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"bra*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vibrating;
vibratory.</def>  "A <i>vibrative</i> motion."  <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"bra*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vibratoire</i>.] <def>Consisting in, or causing, vibration, or
oscillation; vibrating; as, a <i>vibratory</i> motion; a <i>vibratory</i>
power.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vib"ri*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Vibrios</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Vibriones</b></plw> (#). [NL.,
fr. L. <i>vibrare</i> to vibrate, to move by undulations.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>A genus of motile bacteria characterized by short, slightly sinuous
filaments and an undulatory motion; also, an individual of this
genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi*bris"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vibriss&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>vibrissae</i>, pl., the hairs
in the nostrils of man, fr. <i>vibrare</i> to vibrate; -- so called because
touching them tickles a person, and causes him to shake his head.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the specialized or tactile
hairs which grow about the nostrils, or on other parts of the face, in many
animals, as the so-called whiskers of the cat, and the hairs of the
nostrils of man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The bristlelike feathers
near the mouth of many birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"bro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An instrument for observing or tracing vibrations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument resembling the
phenakistoscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi*bur"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the wayfaring
tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of shrubs having opposite, petiolate
leaves and cymose flowers, several species of which are cultivated as
ornamental, as the laurestine and the guelder-rose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vic"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vicar</i>,
<i>viker</i>, <i>vicair</i>, F. <i>vicaire</i>, fr. L. <i>vicarius</i>.
See <u>Vicarious</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One deputed or authorized to
perform the functions of another; a substitute in office; a deputy.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Eccl. Law)</i> <def>The incumbent of an
appropriated benefice.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The distinction between a <i>parson</i> [or <i>rector</i>] and
<i>vicar</i> is this: The <i>parson</i> has, for the most part, the whole
right to the ecclesiastical dues in his parish; but a <i>vicar</i> has
generally an appropriator over him, entitled to the best part of the
profits, to whom he is in fact perpetual curate with a standing salary.
<i>Burrill.</i>
</p>

<p><col><b>Apostolic vicar</b></col>, or <col><b>Vicar apostolic</b></col>.
<i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A bishop to whom the Roman
pontiff delegates a portion of his jurisdiction.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>Any ecclesiastic acting under a papal brief, commissioned to exercise
episcopal authority.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A titular bishop in a
country where there is no episcopal see, or where the succession has been
interrupted.</cd> -- <col><b>Vicar forane</b></col>. [Cf. LL.
<i>foraneus</i> situated outside of the episcopal city, rural.  See
<u>Vicar</u>, and <u>Foreign</u>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <cd>A dignitary or
parish priest appointed by a bishop to exercise a limited jurisdiction in a
particular town or district of a diocese.</cd> <i>Addis &amp; Arnold.</i> --
<col><b>Vicar-general</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Ch. of Eng.)</i>
<cd>The deputy of the Archbishop of Canterbury or York, in whose court the
bishops of the province are confirmed.</cd> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <cd>An assistant to a bishop in the
discharge of his official functions.</cd> -- <col><b>Vicar of Jesus
Christ</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>the pope as representing Christ on
earth.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1608 !></p>

<p><hw>Vic"ar*age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The benefice of a vicar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The house or residence of a vicar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*ca"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vicarial</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a vicar; as, <i>vicarial</i>
tithes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Delegated; vicarious; as, <i>vicarial</i>
power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*ca"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vicar.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*ca"ri*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having delegated
power, as a vicar; vicarious.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*ca"ri*ate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>vicariatus</i>, or
F. <i>vicariat</i>.] <def>Delegated office or power; vicarship; the office
or oversight of a vicar.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>vicariate</i> of that part of Germany which is
governed by the Saxon laws devolved on the elector of Saxony.</blockquote>
<i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*ca"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vicarius</i>,
from <i>vicis</i> change, alternation, turn, the position, place, or office
of one person as assumed by another; akin to Gr. &?; to yield, give way, G.
<i>wechsel</i> a change, and probably also to E. <i>weak</i>.  See
<u>Weak</u>, and cf. <u>Vice</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a vicar, substitute, or deputy;
deputed; delegated; as, <i>vicarious</i> power or authority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acting of suffering for another; as, a
<i>vicarious</i> agent or officer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The soul in the body is but a subordinate efficient, and
<i>vicarious</i> . . . in the hands of the Almighty.</blockquote> <i>Sir M.
Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Performed of suffered in the place of another;
substituted; as, a <i>vicarious</i> sacrifice; <i>vicarious</i>
punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>vicarious</i> work of the Great
Deliverer.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Acting as a substitute; -- said of
abnormal action which replaces a suppressed normal function; as,
<i>vicarious</i> hemorrhage replacing menstruation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*ca"ri*ous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a vicarious
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vic"ar*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office or
dignity of a vicar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vic"ar*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vicarius</i>.] <def>A
vicar.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L. <i>vitium</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A defect; a fault; an error; a blemish; an
imperfection; as, the <i>vices</i> of a political constitution; the
<i>vices</i> of a horse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Withouten <i>vice</i> of syllable or letter.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mark the <i>vice</i> of the procedure.</blockquote> <i>Sir
W. Hamilton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A moral fault or failing; especially, immoral
conduct or habit, as in the indulgence of degrading appetites; customary
deviation in a single respect, or in general, from a right standard,
implying a defect of natural character, or the result of training and
habits; a harmful custom; immorality; depravity; wickedness; as, a life of
<i>vice</i>; the <i>vice</i> of intemperance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do confess the <i>vices</i> of my blood.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ungoverned appetite . . . a brutish
<i>vice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When <i>vice</i> prevails, and impious men bear sway,<BR>
The post of honor is a private station.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The buffoon of the old English moralities, or
moral dramas, having the name sometimes of one vice, sometimes of another,
or of <i>Vice</i> itself; -- called also <i>Iniquity</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This character was grotesquely dressed in a cap with ass's ears,
and was armed with a dagger of lath: one of his chief employments was to
make sport with the Devil, leaping on his back, and belaboring him with the
dagger of lath till he made him roar.  The Devil, however, always carried
him off in the end.  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How like you the <i>Vice</i> in the play?<BR>
 . . . I would not give a rush for a <i>Vice</i> that has not a wooden
dagger to snap at everybody.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Crime; sin; iniquity; fault.  See <u>Crime</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Vice</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Vise</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A kind of instrument for holding
work, as in filing. Same as <u>Vise</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tool for drawing lead into cames, or flat
grooved rods, for casements.</def>  [Written also <i>vise</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gripe or grasp.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Viced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Vicing</u> (?).]
<def>To hold or squeeze with a vice, or as if with a vice.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The coachman's hand was <i>viced</i> between his upper and
lower thigh.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vi"ce</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [L., abl. of <i>vicis</i>
change, turn.  See <u>Vicarious</u>.] <def>In the place of; in the stead;
as, A. B. was appointed postmaster <i>vice</i> C. D. resigned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vice</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vice-</i>.  See
<u>Vice</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>] <def>Denoting one who in certain
cases may assume the office or duties of a superior; designating an officer
or an office that is second in rank or authority; as, <i>vice</i>
president; <i>vice</i> agent; <i>vice</i> consul, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vice admiral</b></col>. [Cf. F. <i>vice-amiral</i>.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An officer holding rank next below an admiral. By
the existing laws, the rank of admiral and vice admiral in the United
States Navy will cease at the death of the present incumbents.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A civil officer, in Great Britain, appointed by the
lords commissioners of the admiralty for exercising admiralty jurisdiction
within their respective districts.</cd> -- <col><b>Vice
admiralty</b></col>, <cd>the office of a vice admiral.</cd> --
<col><b>Vice-admiralty court</b></col>, <cd>a court with admiralty
jurisdiction, established by authority of Parliament in British possessions
beyond the seas.</cd> <i>Abbott.</i> -- <col><b>Vice chamberlain</b></col>,
<cd>an officer in court next in rank to the lord chamberlain.</cd> [Eng.] -
- <col><b>Vice chancellor</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i>
<cd>An officer next in rank to a chancellor.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>An officer in a university, chosen to perform certain duties, as the
conferring of degrees, in the absence of the chancellor.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <cd>The cardinal at the head of the
Roman Chancery.</cd> -- <col><b>Vice consul</b></col> [cf. F. <i>vice-
consul</i>], <cd>a subordinate officer, authorized to exercise consular
functions in some particular part of a district controlled by a
consul.</cd> -- <col><b>Vice king</b></col>, <cd>one who acts in the place
of a king; a viceroy.</cd> -- <col><b>Vice legate</b></col> [cf. F.
<i>vice-l&eacute;gat</i>], <cd>a legate second in rank to, or acting in
place of, another legate.</cd> -- <col><b>Vice presidency</b></col>,
<cd>the office of vice president.</cd> -- <col><b>Vice president</b></col>
[cf. F. <i>vice-pr&eacute;sident</i>], <cd>an officer next in rank below a
president.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Viced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vicious; corrupt.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vice*ge"ren*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
vicegerent.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vice*ge"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Vice</i>, a. +
<i>gerent</i>: cf. F. <i>viceg&eacute;rant</i>.] <def>Having or exercising
delegated power; acting by substitution, or in the place of another.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vice*ge"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Vice</i>, a. +
<i>gerent</i>: cf. F. <i>viceg&eacute;rant</i>.] <def>Having or exercising
delegated power; acting by substitution, or in the place of another.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vice*ge"rent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An officer who is
deputed by a superior, or by proper authority, to exercise the powers of
another; a lieutenant; a vicar.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The symbol and <i>vicegerent</i> of the Deity.</blockquote>
<i>C. A. Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vice"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vicemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A smith who works at the vice instead
of at the anvil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vic"e*na*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vicenarius</i>, fr. <i>viceni</i> twenty each; akin to <i>viginti</i>
twenty.] <def>Of or pertaining to twenty; consisting of twenty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*cen"ni*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vicennium</i> a
period of twenty years; <i>viceni</i> twenty + <i>annus</i> year.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Lasting or comprising twenty years.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Happening once in twenty years; as, a
<i>vicennial</i> celebration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vice`-re"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a viceroy or viceroyalty.</def>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vice"roy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vice-roi</i>; pref.
<i>vice-</i> in the place of (L. <i>vice</i>) + <i>roi</i> a king, L.
<i>rex</i>.  See <u>Vice</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> and Royal.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The governor of a country or province who rules in
the name of the sovereign with regal authority, as the king's substitute;
as, the <i>viceroy</i> of India.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large and handsome
American butterfly (<i>Basilarchia, or Limenitis, archippus</i>). Its wings
are orange-red, with black lines along the nervures and a row of white
spots along the outer margins. The larv&aelig; feed on willow, poplar, and
apple trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vice*roy"al*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The dignity,
office, or jurisdiction of a viceroy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vice"roy*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Viceroyalty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"ce*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Vice</u> a fault.]
<def>Fault; defect; coarseness.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"chy wa`ter</hw> (?). <def>A mineral water found at <i>Vichy</i>,
France. It is essentially an effervescent solution of sodium, calcium, and
magnetism carbonates, with sodium and potassium chlorides; also, by
extension, any artificial or natural water resembling in composition the
Vichy water proper. Called also, colloquially, <i>Vichy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"ci*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Vitiate</u>.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vic"i*nage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>veisinage</i>,
F. <i>voisinage</i>, from OF. <i>veisin</i>, F. <i>voisin</i>, neighboring,
a neighbor, L. <i>vicunus</i>.  See <u>Vicinity</u>.] <def>The place or
places adjoining or near; neighborhood; vicinity; as, a jury must be of the
<i>vicinage</i>.</def>  "To summon the Protestant gentleman of the
<i>vicinage</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Civil war had broken up all the usual ties of
<i>vicinage</i> and good neighborhood.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vic"i*nal</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vicinalis</i>:
cf. F. <i>vicinal</i>.] <def>Near; vicine.</def>  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Vicinal planes</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>subordinate planes
on a crystal, which are very near to the fundamental planes in angles, and
sometimes take their place. They have in general very complex
symbols.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vic"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vicinus</i>: cf. F.
<i>voisin</i>.] <def>Near; neighboring; vicinal.</def>  [R.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vic"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
alkaloid ex tracted from the seeds of the vetch (<i>Vicia sativa</i>) as a
white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*cin"i*ty</hw> (v&ibreve;*s&ibreve;n"&ibreve;*t&ybreve;; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vicinitas</i>, from <i>vicinus</i> neighboring,
near, from <i>vicus</i> a row of houses, a village; akin to Gr.
<grk>o'i^kos</grk> a house, Skr. <i>v&emacr;&ccedil;a</i> a house,
<i>vi&ccedil;</i> to enter, Goth. <i>weihs</i> town: cf. OF.
<i>vicinit&eacute;</i>.  Cf. <u>Diocese</u>, <u>Economy</u>, <u>Parish</u>,
<u>Vicinage</u>, <u>Wick</u> a village.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being near, or not
remote; nearness; propinquity; proximity; as, the value of the estate was
increased by the <i>vicinity</i> of two country seats.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>vicinity</i> of disposition and relative
tempers.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is near, or not remote; that which is
adjacent to anything; adjoining space or country; neighborhood.</def>  "The
<i>vicinity</i> of the sun."  <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Neighborhood; vicinage.  See <u>Neighborhood</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Vi`ci*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vitiosity.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vi"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OF. <i>vicious</i>, F.
<i>vicieux</i>, fr. L. <i>vitiosus</i>, fr. <i>vitium</i> vice.  See
<u>Vice</u> a fault.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by vice or
defects; defective; faulty; imperfect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though I perchance am <i>vicious</i> in my
guess.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The title of these lords was <i>vicious</i> in its
origin.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A charge against Bentley of <i>vicious</i>
reasoning.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Addicted to vice; corrupt in principles or
conduct; depraved; wicked; as, <i>vicious</i> children; <i>vicious</i>
examples; <i>vicious</i> conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who . . . heard this heavy curse,<BR>
Servant of servants, on his <i>vicious</i> race.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wanting purity; foul; bad; noxious; as,
<i>vicious</i> air, water, etc.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not correct or pure; corrupt; as, <i>vicious</i>
language; <i>vicious</i> idioms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not well tamed or broken; given to bad tricks;
unruly; refractory; as, a <i>vicious</i> horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Bitter; spiteful; malignant.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Corrupt; faulty; wicked; depraved.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Vi"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Vi"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vi*cis"si*tude</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vicissitudo</i>, fr. <i>vicis</i> change, turn: cf. F.
<i>vicissitude</i>.  See <u>Vicarious</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Regular change or succession from one thing to
another; alternation; mutual succession; interchange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God made two great lights . . . <BR>
To illuminate the earth and rule the day<BR>
In their <i>vicissitude</i>, and rule the night.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Irregular change; revolution;
mutation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This man had, after many <i>vicissitudes</i> of fortune,
sunk at last into abject and hopeless poverty.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*cis`si*tu"di*na*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Subject to
vicissitudes.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*cis`si*tu"di*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of, or
subject to, changes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*cis"sy duck`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A West Indian
duck, sometimes domesticated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*con"ti*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From OE.
<i>vicounte</i> a viscount.  See <u>Viscount</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the viscount or sheriff of a country.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vicontiel rents</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Vicontiels</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Vicontiel writs</b></col>, <cd>such writs as were triable in the
sheriff, or county, court.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vi*con"ti*els</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Vicontiel</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>Things belonging to the
sheriff; especially, farms (called also <i>vicontiel rents</i>) for which
the sheriff used to pay rent to the king.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"count</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Viscount</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vic"tim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>victima</i>: cf. F.
<i>victime</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A living being sacrificed to some deity, or in
the performance of a religious rite; a creature immolated, or made an
offering of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Led like a <i>victim</i>, to my death I'll go.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person or thing destroyed or sacrificed in the
pursuit of an object, or in gratification of a passion; as, a <i>victim</i>
to jealousy, lust, or ambition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A person or living creature destroyed by, or
suffering grievous injury from, another, from fortune or from accident; as,
the <i>victim</i> of a defaulter; the <i>victim</i> of a railroad
accident.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, one who is duped, or cheated; a dupe; a
gull.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Vic"tim*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>victimatus</i>, p.
p. of <i>victimare</i> to sacrifice.] <def>To make a victim of; to
sacrifice; to immolate.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Bullokar.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vic"tim*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Victimized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Victimizing</u> (?).] <def>To make a victim of, esp. by deception; to
dupe; to cheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vic"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>victor</i>, fr.
<i>vincere</i>, <i>victum</i>, to vanquish, to conquer.  See
<u>Vanquish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The winner in a contest; one who
gets the better of another in any struggle; esp., one who defeats an enemy
in battle; a vanquisher; a conqueror; -- often followed by <i>art</i>,
rarely by <i>of</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In love, the <i>victors</i> from the vanquished fly;<BR>
They fly that wound, and they pursue that die.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A destroyer.</def>  [R. &amp; Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>There, <i>victor</i> of his health, of fortune, friends,<BR>
And fame, this lord of useless thousands ends.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vic"tor</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Victorious.</def>  "The
<i>victor</i> Greeks."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vic"tor*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A victress.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vic*to"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of aquatic plants named in honor of Queen
<i>Victoria</i>.  The <i>Victoria regia</i> is a native of Guiana and
Brazil. Its large, spreading leaves are often over five feet in diameter,
and have a rim from three to five inches high; its immense rose-white
flowers sometimes attain a diameter of nearly two feet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of low four-wheeled pleasure carriage,
with a calash top, designed for two persons and the driver who occupies a
high seat in front.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An asteroid discovered by Hind
in 1850; -- called also <i>Clio</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Victoria cross</b></col>, <cd>a bronze Maltese cross, awarded
for valor to members of the British army or navy. It was first bestowed in
1857, at the close of the Crimean war. The recipients also have a pension
of &pound;10 a year.</cd> -- <col><b>Victoria green</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Emerald green</i>, under <u>Green</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Victoria lily</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the <i>Victoria
regia</i>.  See def. 1, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vic*to"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the reign of Queen Victoria of England; as, the <i>Victorian</i>
poets.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Victorian period</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Dionysian period</i>,
under <u>Dyonysian</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vic`tor*ine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman's fur
tippet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vic*to"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>victoriosus</i>:
cf. F. <i>victorieux</i>.  See <u>Victory</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
victory, or a victor' being a victor; bringing or causing a victory;
conquering; winning; triumphant; as, a <i>victorious</i> general;
<i>victorious</i> troops; a <i>victorious</i> day.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But I shall rise <i>victorious</i>, and subdue<BR>
My vanquisher.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now are our brows bound wind <i>victorious</i>
wreaths.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Vic*to"ri*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Vic*to"ri*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vic"to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Victories</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>victorie</i>, OF. <i>victorie</i>,
<i>victoire</i>, F. <i>victoire</i>, L. <i>victoria</i>.  See
<u>Victor</u>.] <def>The defeat of an enemy in battle, or of an antagonist
in any contest; a gaining of the superiority in any struggle or
competition; conquest; triumph; -- the opposite of <i>defeat</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Death is swallowed up in <i>victory</i>.</blockquote> <i>1
Cor. xv. 54.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God on our side, doubt not of <i>victory</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Victory</i> may be honorable to the arms, but shameful to
the counsels, of a nation.</blockquote> <i>Bolingbroke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vic"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>victrix</i>.]
<def>A woman who wins a victory; a female victor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vic"trice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A victress.</def>
[R.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vic"trix</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Victress.</def>
<i>C. Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vict"ual</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Food; -- now used chiefly in the plural.  See <u>Victuals</u>.</def>
<i>2 Chron. xi. 23. Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was not able to keep that place three days for lack of
<i>victual</i>.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There came a fair-hair'd youth, that in his hand<BR>
Bare <i>victual</i> for the movers.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Short allowance of <i>victual</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Grain of any kind.</def>  [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vict"ual</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Victualed</u> (?) or <u>Victualled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Victualing</u> or <u>Victualling</u>.] <def>To supply
with provisions for subsistence; to provide with food; to store with
sustenance; as, to <i>victual</i> an army; to <i>victual</i> a
ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must go <i>victual</i> Orleans forthwith.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vict"ual*age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Victuals;
food.</def>  [R.] "With my cargo of <i>victualage</i>."  <i>C.
Bront&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1609 !></p>

<p><hw>Vict"ual*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>victuailleur</i>.]
[Written also <i>victualler</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who furnishes
victuals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps a house of entertainment; a tavern
keeper; an innkeeper.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vessel employed to carry provisions, usually
for military or naval use; a provision use; a provision ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who deals in grain; a corn factor.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>Licensed victualer</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Licensed</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vict"ual*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
victuals, or provisions; supplying provisions; as, a <i>victualing</i>
ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vict"uals</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vitaille</i>,
OF. <i>vitaille</i>, F. <i>victuaille</i>, pl. <i>victuailles</i>, fr. L.
<i>victualia</i>, pl. of. <i>victualis</i> belonging to living or
nourishment, fr. <i>victus</i> nourishment, from <i>vivere</i>,
<i>victum</i>, to live; akin to <i>vivus</i> living.  See <u>Vivid</u>.]
<def>Food for human beings, esp. when it is cooked or prepared for the
table; that which supports human life; provisions; sustenance; meat;
viands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then had we plenty of <i>victuals</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer.
xliv. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vic"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Food; diet.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Vi*cu"&ntilde;a</hw>, <hw>||Vi*cu"gna</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>vicu&ntilde;a</i>.  Cf. <u>Vigonia</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American mammal (<i>Auchenia vicunna</i>)
native of the elevated plains of the Andes, allied to the llama but
smaller. It has a thick coat of very fine reddish brown wool, and long,
pendent white hair on the breast and belly. It is hunted for its wool and
flesh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vid"a finch`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The whidah
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi*dame"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. LL. <i>vice-
dominus</i>, fr. L. <i>vice</i> instead of + <i>dominus</i> master, lord.]
<i>(Fr. Feud. Law)</i> <def>One of a class of temporal officers who
originally represented the bishops, but later erected their offices into
fiefs, and became feudal nobles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi"de</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imperative sing.</i></pos> of L.
<i>videre</i>, to see; -- used to direct attention to something; as,
<i>vide supra</i>, see above.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi*del"i*cet</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [L., contr. fr.
<i>videre licet</i>, literally, it is easy to see, one may or can see.]
<def>To wit; namely; -- often abbreviated to viz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*dette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>Same
<u>Vedette</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*do"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Pg. <i>vidonho</i>
the quality of grapes, Sp. <i>vedu&ntilde;o</i>.] <def>A dry white wine, of
a tart flavor, produced in Teneriffe; -- called also
<i>Teneriffe</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vid"u*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Vidual</u>.]
<def>The state of widows or of widowhood; also, widows,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vid"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vidualis</i>, fr.
<i>vidua</i> a widow, fr. <i>viduus</i> widowed.  See <u>Widow</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to the state of a widow; widowed.</def>  [R.]
<i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vid`u*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
widowed or bereaved; loss; bereavement.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vi*du"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>viduitas</i>: cf.
F. <i>viduit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Widowhood.</def>  [R.] "Chaste
<i>viduity</i>."  <i>Ld. Ellenborough.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vie</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vying</u> (?).] [OE. <i>vien</i>, shortened fr. <i>envien</i>, OF.
<i>envier</i> to invite, to challenge, a word used in gambling, L.
<i>invitare</i> to invite; of uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Invite</u>,
<u>Envie</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stake a sum upon a hand of cards,
as in the old game of gleek.  See <u>Revie</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strive for superiority; to contend; to use
emulous effort, as in a race, contest, or competition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a trading nation, the younger sons may be placed in such
a way of life as . . . to <i>vie</i> with the best of their
family.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>While Waterloo with Cann&aelig;'s carnage
<i>vies</i>.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vie</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To stake;
to wager.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do or produce in emulation, competition, or
rivalry; to put in competition; to bandy.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She hung about my neck; and kiss on kiss<BR>
She <i>vied</i> so fast.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor was he set over us to <i>vie</i> wisdom with his
Parliament, but to be guided by them.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>vying</i> malice with my gentleness,<BR>
Pick quarrels with their only happiness.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vie</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contest for superiority;
competition; rivalry; strife; also, a challenge; a wager.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We 'll all to church together instantly,<BR>
And then a <i>vie</i> for boys.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*elle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  Cf. <u>Viol</u>.]
<def>An old stringed instrument played upon with a wheel; a hurdy-
gurdy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*en"na paste`</hw> (?). <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A caustic application
made up of equal parts of caustic potash and quicklime; -- called also
<i>Vienna caustic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`en*nese"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Vienna, or people of Vienna.</def>  -- <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos>
<def>An inhabitant, or the inhabitants, of Vienna.</def></p>

<p><hw>View</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>veue</i>, F. <i>vue</i>,
fr. OF. <i>veoir</i> to see, p. p. <i>veu</i>, F. <i>voir</i>, p. p.
<i>vu</i>, fr. L. <i>videre</i> to see.  See <u>Vision</u>, and cl.
<u>Interview</u>, <u>Purview</u>, <u>Review</u>, <u>Vista</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of seeing or beholding; sight; look;
survey; examination by the eye; inspection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thenceforth I thought thee worth my nearer
<i>view</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Objects near our <i>view</i> are thought greater than those
of a larger size are more remote.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Surveying nature with too nice a <i>view</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Mental survey; intellectual perception or
examination; as, a just <i>view</i> of the arguments or facts in a
case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have with exact <i>view</i> perused thee,
Hector.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Power of seeing, either physically or mentally;
reach or range of sight; extent of prospect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The walls of Pluto's palace are in <i>view</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That which is seen or beheld; sight presented to
the natural or intellectual eye; scene; prospect; as, the <i>view</i> from
a window.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is distance lends enchantment to the
<i>view</i>.</blockquote> <i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The pictorial representation of a scene; a
sketch, &?;ither drawn or painted; as, a fine <i>view</i> of Lake
George.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Mode of looking at anything; manner of
apprehension; conception; opinion; judgment; as, to state one's
<i>views</i> of the policy which ought to be pursued.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To give a right <i>view</i> of this mistaken part of
liberty.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>That which is looked towards, or kept in sight,
as object, aim, intention, purpose, design; as, he did it with a
<i>view</i> of escaping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No man sets himself about anything but upon some <i>view</i>
or other which serves him for a reason.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Appearance; show; aspect.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[Graces] which, by the splendor of her <i>view</i><BR>
Dazzled, before we never knew.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Field of view</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Field</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Point of view</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Point</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>To have in view</b></col>, <cd>to have in mind as an incident,
object, or aim; as, <i>to have</i> one's resignation <i>in view</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>View halloo</b></col>, <cd>the shout uttered by a hunter upon
seeing the fox break cover.</cd> -- <col><b>View of frankpledge</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a court of record, held in a hundred, lordship, or manor,
before the steward of the leet.</cd> <i>Blackstone.</i> -- <col><b>View of
premises</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the inspection by the jury of the
place where a litigated transaction is said to have occurred.</cd></p>

<p><hw>View</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Viewed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Viewing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To see; to behold; especially, to
look at with attention, or for the purpose of examining; to examine with
the eye; to inspect; to explore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, let me <i>view</i> his visage, being dead.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nearer to <i>view</i> his prey, and, unespied,<BR>
To mark what of their state he more might learn.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To survey or examine mentally; to consider; as,
to <i>view</i> the subject in all its aspects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The happiest youth, <i>viewing</i> his progress
through.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>View"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who views or examines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A person appointed to inspect
highways, fences, or the like, and to report upon the same.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The superintendent of a coal mine.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>View"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being viewy, or of having unpractical views.</def></p>

<p><hw>View"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not perceivable by the
eye; invisible; unseen.</def>  "<i>Viewless</i> winds."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Swift through the valves the visionary fair<BR>
Repassed, and <i>viewless</i> mixed with common air.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>View"ly</hw> (?), <hw>View"some</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pleasing to the sight; sightly.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>View"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
peculiar views; fanciful; visionary; unpractical; as, a <i>viewy</i>
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spectacular; pleasing to the eye or the
imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A government intent on showy absurdities and <i>viewy</i>
enterprises rather than solid work.</blockquote> <i>London
Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vif"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In the Orkney and
Shetland Islands, beef and mutton hung and dried, but not salted.</def>
[Scot.] [Written also <i>vivda</i>.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*ges"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vigesimus</i>
twentieth, from <i>viginti</i> twenty.] <def>Twentieth; divided into, or
consisting of, twenties or twenty parts.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*ges`i*ma"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
putting to death every twentieth man.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vi*ges"i*mo-quar"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vigesimus
quartus</i> twenty-fourth.  Cf. <u>Duodecimo</u>.] <def>Having twenty-four
leaves to a sheet; as, a <i>vigesimo-quarto</i> form, book, leaf, size,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*ges"i*mo-quar"to</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
tos</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A book composed of sheets each of which is folded
into twenty-four leaves; hence, indicating more or less definitely a size
of book so made; -- usually written <i>24mo</i>, or
<i>24&deg;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vig"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vigile</i>, L.
<i>vigilia</i>, from <i>vigil</i> awake, watchful, probably akin to E.
<i>wake</i>: cf. F. <i>vigile</i>.  See <u>Wake</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Reveille</u>, <u>Surveillance</u>, <u>Vedette</u>,
<u>Vegetable</u>, <u>Vigor</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abstinence from
sleep, whether at a time when sleep is customary or not; the act of keeping
awake, or the state of being awake, or the state of being awake;
sleeplessness; wakefulness; watch.</def>  "Worn out by the labors and
<i>vigils</i> of many months."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing wears out a fine face like the <i>vigils</i> of the
card table and those cutting passions which attend them.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, devotional watching; waking for prayer,
or other religious exercises.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So they in heaven their odes and <i>vigils</i>
tuned.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be sober and keep <i>vigil</i>,<BR>
The Judge is at the gate.</blockquote> <i>Neale (Rhythm of St.
Bernard).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Originally,
the watch kept on the night before a feast.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Later, the day and the night preceding a feast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that shall live this day, and see old age,<BR>
Will yearly on the <i>vigil</i> feast his neighbors,<BR>
And say, "To-morrow is St. Crispian."</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A religious service performed in the evening
preceding a feast.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vigils, or Watchings</b></col>, <col><b>of flowers</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a peculiar faculty belonging to the flowers of certain
plants of opening and closing their petals as certain hours of the
day.</cd> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vig"i*lance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vigilantia</i>:
cf. F. <i>vigilance</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being vigilant; forbearance of sleep; wakefulness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Watchfulness in respect of danger; care;
caution; circumspection.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And flaming ministers to watch and tend<BR>
Their earthly charge; of these the <i>vigilance</i><BR>
I dread.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Guard; watch.</def>  [Obs.] "In at this gate
none pass the <i>vigilance</i> here placed."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Vigilance committee</b></col>, <cd>a volunteer committee of
citizens for the oversight and protection of any interest, esp. one
organized for the summary suppression and punishment of crime, as when the
processes of law appear inadequate.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vig"i*lan*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vigilance.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vig"i*lant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vigilans</i>, <i>-
antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>vigilare</i> to watch, fr. <i>vigil</i> awake: cf.
F. <i>vigilant</i>.  See <u>Vigil</u>.] <def>Attentive to discover and
avoid danger, or to provide for safety; wakeful; watchful; circumspect;
wary.</def>  "Be sober, be <i>vigilant</i>."  <i>1 Pet. v. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sirs, take your places, and be <i>vigilant</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vig"i*lant*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a vigilant
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vig"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vigilia</i>.] <def>A
vigil.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi`gin*tiv"i*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vigintiviratus</i>, fr. <i>vigintiviri</i>; <i>viginti</i> twenty +
<i>vir</i> a man.] <def>The office of the <i>vigintiviri</i>, a body of
officers of government consisting of twenty men; also, the
vigintiviri.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vi*gnette"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vignette</i>,
fr. <i>vigne</i> a vine.  See <u>Vine</u>, and cf. <u>Vinette</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A running ornament consisting of
leaves and tendrils, used in Gothic architecture.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A decorative design, originally representing
vine branches or tendrils, at the head of a chapter, of a manuscript or
printed book, or in a similar position; hence, by extension, any small
picture in a book; hence, also, as such pictures are often without a
definite bounding line, any picture, as an engraving, a photograph, or the
like, which vanishes gradually at the edge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*gnette"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make, as an
engraving or a photograph, with a border or edge insensibly fading
away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*go"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vigogne</i>
vicu&ntilde;a.  See <u>Vicu&ntilde;a</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the
vicu&ntilde;a; characterizing the vicu&ntilde;a; -- said of the wool of
that animal, used in felting hats, and for other purposes.</def>
<i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vig"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vigour</i>,
<i>vigor</i>, OF. <i>vigor</i>, <i>vigur</i>, <i>vigour</i>, F.
<i>vigueur</i>, fr. L. <i>vigor</i>, fr. <i>vigere</i> to be lively or
strong.  See <u>Vegetable</u>, <u>Vigil</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Active strength or force of body or mind; capacity for exertion,
physically, intellectually, or morally; force; energy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>vigor</i> of this arm was never vain.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Strength or force in animal or force in animal
or vegetable nature or action; as, a plant grows with
<i>vigor</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Strength; efficacy; potency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But in the fruithful earth . . . <BR>
His beams, unactive else, their <i>vigor</i> find.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Vigor</i> and its derivatives commonly imply <i>active</i>
strength, or the power of action and exertion, in distinction from
<i>passive</i> strength, or strength to endure.</p>

<p><hw>Vig"or</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To invigorate.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Feltham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vig"or*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vigor</i>
strength.] <def>An explosive containing nitroglycerin. It is used in
blasting.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vig`o*ro"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Vigorous; energetic; with energy; -- a direction to
perform a passage with energy and force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vig"or*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>vigoros</i>,
F. <i>vigoureux</i>, LL. <i>vigorosus</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Possessing vigor; full of physical or mental strength or active force;
strong; lusty; robust; as, a <i>vigorous</i> youth; a <i>vigorous</i>
plant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Famed for his valor, young,<BR>
At sea successful, <i>vigorous</i> and strong.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Exhibiting strength, either of body or mind;
powerful; strong; forcible; energetic; as, <i>vigorous</i> exertions; a
<i>vigorous</i> prosecution of a war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The beginnings of confederacies have been always
<i>vigorous</i> and successful.</blockquote> <i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Vig"or*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Vig"or*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vi"king</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>v&imacr;kingr</i>,
fr. <i>v&imacr;k</i> a bay, inlet.] <def>One belonging to the pirate crews
from among the Northmen, who plundered the coasts of Europe in the eighth,
ninth, and tenth centuries.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of grim <i>Vikings</i>, and the rapture<BR>
Of the sea fight, and the capture,<BR>
And the life of slavery.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Vikings</i> differs in meaning from <i>sea king</i>, with
which frequently confounded. "The <i>sea king</i> was a man connected with
a royal race, either of the small kings of the country, or of the Haarfager
family, and who, by right, received the title of king as soon he took the
command of men, although only of a single ship's crew, and without having
any land or kingdom . . . <i>Vikings</i> were merely pirates, alternately
peasants and pirates, deriving the name of <i>viking</i> from the
<i>vicks</i>, <i>wicks</i>, or inlets, on the coast in which they harbored
with their long ships or rowing galleys."  <i>Laing.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"a*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Villainy.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi`la*yet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk., from Ar.
<i>wil&amacr;yah</i>.] <def>One of the chief administrative divisions or
provinces of the Ottoman Empire; -- formerly called
<i>eyalet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vild</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [As if the p. p. of a verb to
<i>vile</i>.  See <u>Vile</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Vile.</def>
[Obs.] "That <i>vild</i> race." <i>Spenser.</i> -- <wf>Vild"ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Comp.</i></pos>
<u>Viler</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Vilest</u>.] [OE.
<i>vil</i>, F. <i>vil</i>, from L. <i>vilis</i> cheap, worthless, vile,
base.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Low; base; worthless; mean;
despicable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A poor man in <i>vile</i> raiment.</blockquote> <i>James ii.
2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The craft either of fishing, which was Peter's, or of making
tents, which was Paul's, were [was] more <i>vile</i> than the science of
physic.</blockquote> <i>Ridley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The inhabitants account gold but as a <i>vile</i>
thing.</blockquote> <i>Abp. Abbot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Morally base or impure; depraved by sin;
hateful; in the sight of God and men; sinful; wicked; bad.</def>  "Such
<i>vile</i> base practices."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, I am <i>vile</i>; what shall I answer thee
?</blockquote> <i>Job xl. 4.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Base</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Vile"ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Vile"ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Viled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Vild</u>.]
<def>Abusive; scurrilous; defamatory; vile.</def>  [Obs.] "<i>Viled</i>
speeches."  <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"eyns</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Villain</u>.]
<def>Villainous.</def>  [Obs.] "<i>Vileyns</i> sinful deeds make a churl."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
vilifying or defaming; abuse.</def>  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"i*fi`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who vilifies or
defames.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vil"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vilified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vilifying</u>.] [L. <i>vilis</i> vile + <i>-fly</i>; cf. L.
<i>vilificare</i> to esteem of little value.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make vile; to debase; to degrade; to disgrace.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When themselves they <i>vilified</i><BR>
To serve ungoverned appetite.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To degrade or debase by report; to defame; to
traduce; to calumniate.</def>  <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many passions dispose us to depress and <i>vilify</i> the
merit of one rising in the esteem of mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To treat as vile; to despise.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I do <i>vilify</i> your censure.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1610 !></p>

<p><hw>Vil"i*pend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>vilipendere</i>;
<i>vilis</i> vile + <i>pendere</i> to weigh, to value: cf. F.
<i>vilipender</i>.] <def>To value lightly; to depreciate; to slight; to
despise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To vilipend the art of portrait painting.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"i*pend"en*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disesteem;
slight; disparagement.</def>  [R.]  <i>E. Waterhouse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vilitas</i>: cf. F.
<i>vilet&eacute;</i>, <i>vilit&eacute;</i>, OF. <i>vilt&eacute;</i>.]
<def>Vileness; baseness.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Kennet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>ville</i>, <i>vile</i>,
a village, F. <i>ville</i> a town, city.  See <u>Villa</u>.] <def>A small
collection of houses; a village.</def>  "Every manor, town, or
<i>vill</i>."  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not should e'er the crested fowl<BR>
From thorp or <i>vill</i> his matins sound for me.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p>&fist; A word of various significations in English, law; as, a manor; a
tithing; a town; a township; a parish; a part of a parish; a village. The
original meaning of <i>vill</i>, in England, seems to have been derived
from the Roman sense of the term <i>villa</i>, a <i>single country
residence</i> or farm; a manor. Later, the term was applied only to a
collection of houses more than two, and hence came to comprehend towns.
<i>Burrill</i>. The statute of Exeter, 14 Edward I., mentions <i>entire-
vills</i>, <i>demivills</i>, and <i>hamlets</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Vil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Villas</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>villa</i>, LL.  also village, dim. of
L. <i>vicus</i> a village: cf. It. &amp; F. <i>villa</i>.  See <u>Vicinity</u>,
and cf. <u>Vill</u>, <u>Village</u>, <u>Villain</u>.] <def>A country seat;
a country or suburban residence of some pretensions to elegance.</def>
<i>Dryden. Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"lage</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>villaticus</i> belonging to a country house or villa.  See <u>Villa</u>,
and cf. <u>Villatic</u>.] <def>A small assemblage of houses in the country,
less than a town or city.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Village cart</b></col>, <cd>a kind of two-wheeled pleasure
carriage without a top.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- <u>Village</u>, <u>Hamlet</u>, <u>Town</u>, <u>City</u>.
In England, a <i>hamlet</i> denotes a collection of houses, too small to
have a parish church. A <i>village</i> has a church, but no market. A
<i>town</i> has both a market and a church or churches. A <i>city</i> is,
in the legal sense, an incorporated borough town, which is, or has been,
the place of a bishop's see. In the United States these distinctions do not
hold.</p>

<p><hw>Vil"la*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of a
village.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brutus had rather be a <i>villager</i><BR>
Than to repute himself a son of Rome<BR>
Under these hard condition.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"lage*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Villages; a district
of villages.</def>  [Obs.] "The maidens of the <i>villagery</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"lain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vilein</i>, F.
<i>vilain</i>, LL. <i>villanus</i>, from <i>villa</i> a village, L.
<i>villa</i> a farm.  See <u>Villa</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>One who holds lands by a
base, or servile, tenure, or in villenage; a feudal tenant of the lowest
class, a bondman or servant.</def>  [In this sense written also
<i>villan</i>, and <i>villein</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If any of my ansectors was a tenant, and a servant, and held
his lands as a <i>villain</i> to his lord, his posterity also must do so,
though accidentally they become noble.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Villains</i> were of two sorts; <i>villains regardant</i>,
that is, annexed to the manor (LL. <i>adscripti gleb&aelig;</i>); and
<i>villains in gross</i>, that is, annexed to the person of their lord, and
transferable from one to another.  <i>Blackstone.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A baseborn or clownish person; a boor.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pour the blood of the <i>villain</i> in one basin, and the
blood of the gentleman in another, what difference shall there be
proved?</blockquote> <i>Becon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vile, wicked person; a man extremely depraved,
and capable or guilty of great crimes; a deliberate scoundrel; a knave; a
rascal; a scamp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a <i>villain</i> with a smiling cheek.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Calm, thinking <i>villains</i>, whom no faith could
fix.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"lain</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>vilain</i>.]
<def>Villainous.</def>  [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"lain</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To debase; to
degrade.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"lain*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>villanous</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Base; vile; mean; depraved; as, a
<i>villainous</i> person or wretch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Proceeding from, or showing, extreme depravity;
suited to a villain; as, a <i>villainous</i> action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sorry; mean; mischievous; -- in a familiar
sense.</def>  "A <i>villainous</i> trick of thine eye."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Villainous judgment</b></col> <i>(O. E. Law)</i>, <cd>a judgment
that casts reproach on the guilty person.</cd></p>

<p>--- <wf>Vil"lain*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<wf>Vil"lain*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vil"lain*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Villainies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>vilanie</i>, OF. <i>vilanie</i>,
<i>vilainie</i>, <i>vileinie</i>, <i>vilanie</i>, LL. <i>villania</i>.  See
<u>Villain</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [Written also <i>villany</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being a villain, or
villainous; extreme depravity; atrocious wickedness; as, the
<i>villainy</i> of the seducer.</def>  "Lucre of <i>vilanye</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The commendation is not in his wit, but in his
<i>villainy</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abusive, reproachful language; discourteous
speech; foul talk.</def>  [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He never yet not <i>vileinye</i> ne said<BR>
In all his life, unto no manner wight.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In our modern language, it [foul language] is termed
<i>villainy</i>, as being proper for rustic boors, or men of coarsest
education and employment.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Villainy</i> till a very late day expressed words foul
and disgraceful to the utterer much oftener than deeds.</blockquote>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The act of a villain; a deed of deep depravity;
a crime.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such <i>villainies</i> roused Horace into
wrath.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That execrable sum of all <i>villainies</i> commonly called
a slave trade.</blockquote>  <i>John Wesley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"la*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little villa.</def>
[R.]  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A villain.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vil"lan*age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF.
<i>villenage</i>, <i>vilenage</i>.  See <u>Villain</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>The state of a villain, or serf; base servitude;
tenure on condition of doing the meanest services for the lord.</def>  [In
this sense written also <i>villenage</i>, and <i>villeinage</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I speak even now as if sin were condemned in a perpetual
<i>villanage</i>, never to be manumitted.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some faint traces of <i>villanage</i> were detected by the
curious so late as the days of the Stuarts.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Baseness; infamy; villainy.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil`la*nel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Villanelle</u>.]
<def>A ballad.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Cotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vil`la*nel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Villanelle</b></plw> (#). [It., a pretty country girl.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An old rustic dance, accompanied with singing.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vil`la*nelle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A poem
written in tercets with but two rhymes, the first and third verse of the
first stanza alternating as the third verse in each successive stanza and
forming a couplet at the close.</def>  <i>E. W. Gosse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil`la*nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of <i>villa</i>;
formed on the analogy of the French.] <def>A small villa.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vil"lan*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Villanized</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Villanizing</u> (?).] <def>To make vile; to debase; to degrade; to
revile.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Were virtue by descent, a noble name<BR>
Could never <i>villanize</i> his father's fame.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"lan*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
villanizes.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vil"lan*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <hw>Vil"lan*ous*ly</hw>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, <hw>Vil"lan*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def>See <u>Villainous</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vil"lan*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Villainy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vil*lat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>villaticus</i>
belonging to a country house.  See <u>Village</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to a farm or a village; rural.</def>  "Tame <i>villatic</i> fowl."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"lein</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>See
<u>Villain</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vil"len*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Villanage</u>.]
<i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>Villanage.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vil"len*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
a villein.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vil"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><i>pl.</i> of
<u>Villus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vil"li*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Villus</i> + <i>-
form</i>.] <def>Having the form or appearance of villi; like close-set
fibers, either hard or soft; as, the teeth of perch are
<i>villiform</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vil*lose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Villous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vil*los"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>State of being villous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A coating of long, slender
hairs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A villus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vil"lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>villosus</i>: cf. F.
<i>villeux</i>.  Cf. <u>Velvet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Abounding in,
or covered with, fine hairs, or a woolly substance; shaggy with soft hairs;
nappy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Furnished or clothed with
villi.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vil"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Villi</b></plw> (#). [L., shaggy hair, a tuft of hair.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the minute papillary
processes on certain vascular membranes; a villosity; as, <i>villi</i>
cover the lining of the small intestines of many animals and serve to
increase the absorbing surface.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Fine hairs on plants,
resembling the pile of velvet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., accusative of <i>vis</i>
strength.] <def>Power; force; energy; spirit; activity; vigor.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Vi"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a twig.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A long, slender, flexible shoot or branch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vim"i*nal</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>viminalis</i>
pertaining to osiers, fr. <i>vimen</i> a pliant twig, osier.] <def>Of or
pertaining to twigs; consisting of twigs; producing twigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*min"e*ous</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vimineus</i>, fr. <i>vimen</i> pliant twig.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to twigs; made of pliant twigs.</def>  "In the hive's
<i>vimineous</i> dome."  <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Producing long, slender twigs or
shoots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*na"ceous</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vinaceus</i>.
See <u>Vine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging to, or like, wine or
grapes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the color of wine, especially of red
wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin`ai*grette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>vinaigre</i> vinegar.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A sauce,
made of vinegar, oil, and other ingredients, -- used esp. for cold
meats.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small perforated box for holding aromatic
vinegar contained in a sponge, or a smelling bottle for smelling salts; --
called also <i>vinegarette</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small, two-wheeled vehicle, like a Bath chair,
to be drawn or pushed by a boy or man.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vin"ai*grous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>vinaigre</i>
vinegar.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling vinegar; sour.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Unamiable; morose.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*nasse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The waste liquor remaining in the process of making beet sugar, --
used in the manufacture of potassium carbonate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*nat"i*co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>vinhatico</i>.]
<def>Madeira mahogany; the coarse, dark-colored wood of the <i>Persea
Indica</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin*cen"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Saint <i>Vincent</i> de Paul, or founded by him.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vin*cen"tian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Lazarist</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A member of certain charitable
sisterhoods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin`ce*tox"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
glucoside extracted from the root of the white swallowwort (<i>Vincetoxicum
officinale</i>, a plant of the Asclepias family) as a bitter yellow
amorphous substance; -- called also <i>asclepiadin</i>, and
<i>cynanchin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin`ci*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being vincible, vincibleness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vincibilis</i>, fr.
<i>vincere</i> to vanquish, conquer: cf. F. <i>vincible</i>.  See
<u>Victor</u>.] <def>Capable of being overcome or subdued;
conquerable.</def>  "He, not <i>vincible</i> in spirit . . . drew his
sword." <i>Hayward.</i> "<i>Vincible</i> by human aid." <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Vincible ignorance</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>ignorance
within the individual's control and for which, therefore, he is responsible
before God.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vin"ci*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being vincible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vinc"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vinctura</i>,
fr. <i>vincire</i>, <i>vinctum</i>, to bind.] <def>A binding.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Vin"cu*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> L.
<plw><b>Vincula</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Vinculums</b></plw> (#). [L.,
from <i>vincire</i>, <i>vinctum</i>, to bind.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bond of union; a tie.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A straight, horizontal mark
placed over two or more members of a compound quantity, which are to be
subjected to the same operation, as in the expression <i>x<sup>2</sup> +
y<sup>2</sup> - x + y</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A band or bundle of fibers; a
fr&aelig;num.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A commissure uniting the two
main tendons in the foot of certain birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin*de"mi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vindemialis</i>,
fr. <i>vindemia</i> a vintage.  See <u>Vintage</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining
to a vintage, or grape harvest.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vin*de"mi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vindemiare</i>.  See <u>Vindemial</u>.] <def>To gather the
vintage.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vin*de`mi*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>vindemiatio</i>.] <def>The operation of gathering grapes.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vin"di*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
vindicated.</def>  -- <wf>Vin`di*ca*bil"i*ty</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vin"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vindicated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vindicating</u>.] [L. <i>vindicatus</i>, p. p. of <i>vindicare</i> to
lay claim to, defend, avenge.  See <u>Vengeance</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To lay claim to; to assert a right to; to claim.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Is thine alone the seed that strews the plain?<BR>
The birds of heaven shall <i>vindicate</i> their grain.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To maintain or defend with success; to prove to
be valid; to assert convincingly; to sustain against assault; as, to
<i>vindicate</i> a right, claim, or title.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To support or maintain as true or correct,
against denial, censure, or objections; to defend; to justify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the respondent denies any proposition, the opponent
must directly <i>vindicate</i> . . . that proposition.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Laugh where we must, be candid where we can,<BR>
But <i>vindicate</i> the ways of God to man.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To maintain, as a law or a cause, by
overthrowing enemies.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To liberate; to set free; to deliver.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I am confident he deserves much more<BR>
That <i>vindicates</i> his country from a tyrant<BR>
Than he that saves a citizen.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To avenge; to punish; as, a war to
<i>vindicate</i> or punish infidelity.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God is more powerful to exact subjection and to
<i>vindicate</i> rebellion.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Pearson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To assert; maintain; claim.  See <u>Assert</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Vin`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vindicatio</i>
a laying claim, defense, vindication.  See <u>Vindicate</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of vindicating, or the state of being
vindicated; defense; justification against denial or censure; as, the
<i>vindication</i> of opinions; his <i>vindication</i> is
complete.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Occasion for the <i>vindication</i> of this passage in my
book.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Civil Law)</i> <def>The claiming a thing as one's
own; the asserting of a right or title in, or to, a thing.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vin"di*ca*tive</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vindicatif</i>.  Cf. <u>Vindictive</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending
to vindicate; vindicating; as, a <i>vindicative</i> policy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Revengeful; vindictive.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vindicative</i> persons live the life of witches, who, as
they are mischievous, so end they infortunate.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Vin"di*ca*tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vin"di*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., an avenger.]
<def>One who vindicates; one who justifies or maintains.</def>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vin"di*ca*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Tending or serving to vindicate or justify; justificatory;
vindicative.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Inflicting punishment; avenging;
punitory.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The afflictions of Job were no <i>vindicatory</i>
punishments to take vengeance of his sins.</blockquote> <i>Abp.
Bramhall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vin*dic"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>vindicative</i>,
confused with L. <i>vindicta</i> revenge, punishment, fr. <i>vindicare</i>
to vindicate.  Cf. <u>Vindicative</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Disposed to
revenge; prompted or characterized by revenge; revengeful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am <i>vindictive</i> enough to repel force by
force.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Punitive.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Vindictive damages</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Damage</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Vin*dic"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Vin*dic"tive*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vigne</i>, L.
<i>vinea</i> a vineyard, vine from <i>vineus</i> of or belonging to wine,
<i>vinum</i> wine, grapes.  See <u>Wine</u>, and cf. <u>Vignette</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any woody climbing plant which bears
grapes.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hence, a climbing or trailing
plant; the long, slender stem of any plant that trails on the ground, or
climbs by winding round a fixed object, or by seizing anything with its
tendrils, or claspers; a creeper; as, the hop <i>vine</i>; the bean
<i>vine</i>; the <i>vines</i> of melons, squashes, pumpkins, and other
cucurbitaceous plants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There shall be no grapes on the <i>vine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. viii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And one went out into the field to gather herbs, and found a
wild <i>vine</i>, and gathered thereof wild gourds.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings
iv. 89.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Vine apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a small kind of
squash.</cd> <i>Roger Williams.</i> -- <col><b>Vine beetle</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of beetles which are
injurious to the leaves or branches of the grapevine. Among the more
important species are the grapevine fidia (see <u>Fidia</u>), the spotted
<i>Pelidnota</i> (see <u>Rutilian</u>), the vine fleabeetle (<i>Graptodera
chalybea</i>), the rose beetle (see under <u>Rose</u>), the vine weevil,
and several species of <i>Colaspis</i> and <i>Anomala</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Vine borer</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Any one of several species of beetles whose larv&aelig; bore in the
wood or pith of the grapevine, especially <i>Sinoxylon basilare</i>, a
small species the larva of which bores in the stems, and <i>Ampeloglypter
sesostris</i>, a small reddish brown weevil (called also <i>vine
weevil</i>), which produces knotlike galls on the branches.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A clearwing moth (<i>&AElig;geria
polistiformis</i>), whose larva bores in the roots of the grapevine and is
often destructive.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine dragon</b></col>, <cd>an old and
fruitless branch of a vine.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Holland.</i> -- <col><b>Vine
forester</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of
moths belonging to <i>Alypia</i> and allied genera, whose larv&aelig; feed
on the leaves of the grapevine.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine fretter</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a plant louse, esp. the phylloxera that injuries
the grapevine.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine grub</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of numerous species of insect larv&aelig; that are injurious to
the grapevine.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine hopper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of leaf hoppers which suck the sap of the
grapevine, especially <i>Erythroneura vitis</i>.  See <i>Illust.</i> of
<i>Grape hopper</i>, under <u>Grape</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine
inchworm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of any species of
geometrid moths which feed on the leaves of the grapevine, especially
<i>Cidaria diversilineata</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine-leaf rooer</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small moth (<i>Desmia maculalis</i>) whose larva
makes a nest by rolling up the leaves of the grapevine. The moth is
brownish black, spotted with white.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine louse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the phylloxera.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine
mildew</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a fungous growth which forms a white,
delicate, cottony layer upon the leaves, young shoots, and fruit of the
vine, causing brown spots upon the green parts, and finally a hardening and
destruction of the vitality of the surface. The plant has been called
<i>Oidium Tuckeri</i>, but is now thought to be the conidia-producing stage
of an <i>Erysiphe</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine of Sodom</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant named in the Bible (<i>Deut. xxxii. 32</i>), now
thought to be identical with the apple of Sodom.  See <i>Apple of
Sodom</i>, under <u>Apple</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine sawfly</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small black sawfiy (<i>Selandria vitis</i>)
whose larva feeds upon the leaves of the grapevine. The larv&aelig; stand
side by side in clusters while feeding.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine slug</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of the vine sawfly.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine
sorrel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a climbing plant (<i>Cissus acida</i>)
related to the grapevine, and having acid leaves. It is found in Florida
and the West Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine sphinx</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of hawk moths. The
larv&aelig; feed on grapevine leaves.</cd> -- <col><b>Vine
weevil</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Vine borer</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> above, and <i>Wound gall</i>, under
<u>Wound</u>.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1611 !></p>

<p><hw>Vi"ne*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vinealis</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to vines; containing vines.</def>  [R.]  <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vine"-clad`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
vines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vined</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having leaves like those
of the vine; ornamented with vine leaves.</def>  "<i>Vined</i> and figured
columns."  <i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vine"dress`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
cultivates, prunes, or cares for, grapevines; a laborer in a
vineyard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sons of the shall be your plowmen and your
<i>vinedressers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Isa. lxi. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vin"e*gar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vinegre</i>, F.
<i>vinaigre</i>; vin wine (L. <i>vinum</i>) + <i>aigre</i> sour.  See
<u>Wine</u>, and <u>Eager</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sour liquid used as a condiment, or as a preservative, and obtained
by the spontaneous (<i>acetous</i>) fermentation, or by the artificial
oxidation, of wine, cider, beer, or the like.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The characteristic sourness of vinegar is due to acetic acid, of
which it contains from three to five per cent. Wine vinegar contains also
tartaric acid, citric acid, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, anything sour; -- used also
metaphorically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here's the challenge: . . . I warrant there's <i>vinegar</i>
and pepper in't.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Aromatic vinegar</b></col>, <cd>strong acetic acid highly
flavored with aromatic substances.</cd> -- <col><b>Mother of
vinegar</b></col>. <cd>See 4th <u>Mother</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Radical
vinegar</b></col>, <cd>acetic acid.</cd> -- <col><b>Thieves'
vinegar</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Thief</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vinegar
eel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a minute nematode worm (<i>Leptodera
oxophila</i>, or <i>Anguillula acetiglutinis</i>), commonly found in great
numbers in vinegar, sour paste, and other fermenting vegetable substances;
-- called also <i>vinegar worm</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vinegar lamp</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a fanciful name of an apparatus designed to oxidize
alcohol to acetic acid by means of platinum.</cd> -- <col><b>Vinegar
plant</b></col>. <cd>See 4th <u>Mother</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vinegar
tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the stag-horn sumac (<i>Rhus
typhina</i>), whose acid berries have been used to intensify the sourness
of vinegar.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood vinegar</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Wood</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vin"e*gar</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convert into
vinegar; to make like vinegar; to render sour or sharp.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hoping that he hath <i>vinegared</i> his senses<BR>
As he was bid.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vin`e*gar*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Vinaigrette</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin"e*gar*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the nature of
vinegar; sour; unamiable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vinedresser.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vin"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
vineyard.</def>  [Obs.] "The <i>vinery</i> of Ramer."  <i>Fabyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A structure, usually inclosed with glass, for
rearing and protecting vines; a grapery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Vignette</u>.]
<def>A sprig or branch.</def>  [Archaic]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vin"ewed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Vinnewed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vine"yard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For OE. <i>winyard</i>,
AS. <i>w&imacr;ngeard</i>; influenced by E. <i>vine</i>.  See <u>Wine</u>,
and <u>Yard</u> an inclosure.] <def>An inclosure or yard for grapevines; a
plantation of vines producing grapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vine"yard*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who cultivates a
vineyard.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vingt` et` un"</hw> (?). [F., twenty and one.] <def>A game at
cards, played by two or more persons. The fortune of each player depends
upon obtaining from the dealer such cards that the sum of their pips, or
spots, is twenty-one, or a number near to it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vingt`un"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Contraction for
<u>Vingt et un</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to wine; as, <i>vinic</i> alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin"i*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vinum</i> wine
+ <i>cultura</i> culture.] <def>The cultivation of the vine, esp. for
making wine; viticulture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin"newed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Fenowed</u>.]
<def>Moldy; musty.</def>  [Written also <i>vinewed</i>.] [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p>-- <wf>Vin"newed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Many of Chaucer's words are become, as it were,
<i>vinnewed</i> and hoary with over-long lying.</blockquote> <i>F.
Beaumont.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vin"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vinnewed.</def>  [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Vin"o*len*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vinolentina</i>.
See <u>Vinolent</u>.] <def>Drunkennes.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vin"o*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vinolentus</i>, fr.
<i>vinum</i> wine.] <def>Given to wine; drunken; intemperate.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vin*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vinum</i> vine +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for determining the strength or purity
of wine by measuring its density.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vin` or`di`naire"</hw> (?). [F., lit., common wine.] <def>A cheap
claret, used as a table wine in France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*nose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*nos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vinositas</i>: cf.
F. <i>vinosit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
vinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vinosus</i>, fr.
<i>vinum</i> wine: cf. F. <i>vineux</i>.  See <u>Wine</u>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to wine; having the qualities of wine; as, a <i>vinous</i>
taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin"quish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>See
<u>Vanquish</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Vint"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupted by influence
of <i>vintner</i>, <i>vintry</i>, from OE. <i>vindage</i>, <i>vendage</i>,
for <i>vendange</i>, OF. <i>vendenge</i>, F. <i>vendange</i>, from L.
<i>vindemia</i>; <i>vinum</i> wine, grapes + <i>demere</i> to take off;
<i>de + emere</i>, originally, to take.  See <u>Wine</u>, <u>Redeem</u>,
and cf. <u>Vindemial</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The produce of the vine
for one season, in grapes or in wine; as, the <i>vintage</i> is abundant;
the <i>vintage</i> of 1840.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or time of gathering the crop of grapes,
or making the wine for a season.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vintage spring</b></col>, <cd>a wine fount.</cd> --
<col><b>Vintage time</b></col>, <cd>the time of gathering grapes and making
wine.</cd>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vint"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Vintage</u>: cf.
F. <i>vendangeur</i>.] <def>One who gathers the vintage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vint"a*ging</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of gathering
the vintage, or crop of grapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vint"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vintener</i>,
<i>viniter</i>, OF. <i>vinetier</i>, <i>vinotier</i>, LL.
<i>vinetarius</i>, fr. L. <i>vinetum</i> a vineyard, fr. <i>vinum</i> wine.
See <u>Wine</u>.] <def>One who deals in wine; a wine seller, or wine
merchant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vint"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>viniterie</i>, from
OF. <i>vinotier</i>, <i>vinetier</i>, wine merchant.  See <u>Vintner</u>.]
<def>A place where wine is sold.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vin"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to vines;
producing, or abounding in, vines.</def>  <i>P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"nyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vinum</i> wine + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The hypothetical radical
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub>, regarded as the characteristic residue of
ethylene and that related series of unsaturated hydrocarbons with which the
allyl compounds are homologous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>viole</i>; cf. Pr.
<i>viola</i>, <i>viula</i>, Sp., Pg., &amp; It. <i>viola</i>, LL.
<i>vitula</i>; of uncertain origin; perhaps from L. <i>vitulari</i> to
celebrate a festival, keep holiday, be joyful, perhaps originally, to
sacrifice a calf (<i>vitulus</i>; cf. <u>Veal</u>).  Cf. <u>Fiddle</u>,
<u>Vielle</u>, 2d <u>Viola</u>, <u>Violin</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A stringed musical instrument
formerly in use, of the same form as the violin, but larger, and having six
strings, to be struck with a bow, and the neck furnished with frets for
stopping the strings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Me softer airs befit, and softer strings<BR>
Of lute, or <i>viol</i> still, more apt for mournful things.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The name is now applied as a general term to designate
instruments of the violin kind, as <i>tenor viol</i>, <i>bass viol</i>,
etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A large rope sometimes used in
weighing anchor.</def>  [Written also <i>voyal</i>, and <i>voyal</i>.]
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vi"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a violet.  See
<u>Violet</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of polypetalous herbaceous
plants, including all kinds of violets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.  See <u>Viol</u>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument in form and use resembling the violin, but
larger, and a fifth lower in compass.</def></p>

<p><col><b>||Viola da braccio</b></col> [It., viol for the arm], <cd>the
tenor viol, or viola, a fifth lower than the violin. Its part is written in
the alto clef, hence it is sometimes called the <i>alto</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>||Viola da gamba</b></col> [It., viol for the leg], <cd>an
instrument resembling the viola, but larger, and held between the knees. It
is now rarely used.</cd> -- <col><b>||Viola da spalla</b></col> [It., viol
for the shoulder], <cd>an instrument formerly used, resembling the viola,
and intermediate in size between the viola and the viola da gamba.</cd> --
<col><b>||Viola di amore</b></col> [It., viol of love: cf. F. <i>viole
d'amour</i>], <cd>a viol, larger than the viola, having catgut strings
upon, and brass or steel wires under, the keyboard. These, sounding
sympathetically with the strings, yield a peculiarly soft and silvery
sound. It is now seldom used.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*la*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>violabilis</i>:
cf. F. <i>violable</i>.  See <u>Violate</u>.] <def>Capable of being
violated, broken, or injured.</def>  -- <wf>Vi"o*la*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vi`o*la"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>violaceus</i>,
fr. <i>viola</i> a violet.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling violets in
color; bluish purple.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a natural
order of plants, of which the violet is the type. It contains about twenty
genera and two hundred and fifty species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`o*lan"i*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Viol</i>et +
<i>aniline</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A dyestuff of the induline group, made
from aniline, and used as a substitute for indigo in dyeing wool and silk a
violet-blue or a gray-blue color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`o*lan"tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Violuric</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A complex nitrogenous substance, produced as a yellow
crystalline substance, and regarded as a complex derivative of barbituric
acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`o*la*quer"cit*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A yellow crystalline glucoside obtained from the pansy (<i>Viola
tricolor</i>), and decomposing into glucose and quercitrin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`o*las"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Violescent.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Violates</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Violating</u>.] [L. <i>violatus</i>, p. p. of <i>violare</i> to violate,
fr. <i>vis</i> strength, force.  See <u>Violent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To treat in a violent manner; to abuse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His wife Boadicea <i>violated</i> with stripes, his
daughters with rape.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To do violence to, as to anything that should be
held sacred or respected; to profane; to desecrate; to break forcibly; to
trench upon; to infringe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Violated</i> vows<BR>
'Twixt the souls of friend and friend.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Oft have they <i>violated</i><BR>
The temple, oft the law, with foul affronts.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To disturb; to interrupt.</def>  "Employed, it
seems, to <i>violate</i> sleep."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To commit rape on; to ravish; to
outrage.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To injure; disturb; interrupt; infringe; transgress;
profane; deflour; debauch; dishonor.</p>

<p><hw>Vi`o*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>violatio</i>: cf.
F. <i>violation</i>.] <def>The act of violating, treating with violence, or
injuring; the state of being violated.</def>  Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Infringement; transgression; nonobservance; as,
the <i>violation</i> of law or positive command, of covenants, promises,
etc.</def>  "The <i>violation</i> of my faith."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An act of irreverence or desecration;
profanation or contemptuous treatment of sacred things; as, the
<i>violation</i> of a church.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Interruption, as of sleep or peace;
disturbance.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Ravishment; rape; outrage.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*la*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Violating, or
tending to violate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
violates; an infringer; a profaner; a ravisher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vial.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*lence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>violentia</i>.  See <u>Violent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality
or state of being violent; highly excited action, whether physical or
moral; vehemence; impetuosity; force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That seal<BR>
You ask with such a <i>violence</i>, the king,<BR>
Mine and your master, with his own hand gave me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the elements<BR>
At least had gone to wrack, disturbed and torn<BR>
With the <i>violence</i> of this conflict.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Injury done to that which is entitled to
respect, reverence, or observance; profanation; infringement; unjust force;
outrage; assault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do <i>violence</i> to do man.</blockquote> <i>Luke iii.
14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We can not, without offering <i>violence</i> to all records,
divine and human, deny an universal deluge.</blockquote> <i>T.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Looking down, he saw<BR>
The whole earth filled with <i>violence</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ravishment; rape; constupration.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To do violence on</b></col>, <cd>to attack; to murder.</cd> "She
. . . <i>did violence on</i> herself." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To do
violence to</b></col>, <cd>to outrage; to injure; as, he <i>does violence
to</i> his own opinions.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Vehemence; outrage; fierceness; eagerness; violation;
infraction; infringement; transgression; oppression.</p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*lence</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To assault; to injure;
also, to bring by violence; to compel.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., from L.
<i>violentus</i>, from <i>vis</i> strength, force; probably akin to Gr. &?;
a muscle, strength.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Moving or acting with physical
strength; urged or impelled with force; excited by strong feeling or
passion; forcible; vehement; impetuous; fierce; furious; severe; as, a
<i>violent</i> blow; the <i>violent</i> attack of a disease.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Float upon a wild and <i>violent</i> sea.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>violent</i> cross wind from either coast.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Acting, characterized, or produced by unjust or
improper force; outrageous; unauthorized; as, a <i>violent</i> attack on
the right of free speech.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To bring forth more <i>violent</i> deeds.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>violent</i> hands were laid on Humphrey's
life.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Produced or effected by force; not spontaneous;
unnatural; abnormal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>violent</i> delights have <i>violent</i>
ends.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>violent</i> state can be perpetual.</blockquote> <i>T.
Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ease would recant<BR>
Vows made in pain, as <i>violent</i> and void.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Violent presumption</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>presumption of a
fact that arises from proof of circumstances which necessarily attend such
facts.</cd> -- <col><b>Violent profits</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>,
<cd>rents or profits of an estate obtained by a tenant wrongfully holding
over after warning. They are recoverable in a process of removing.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fierce; vehement; outrageous; boisterous; turbulent;
impetuous; passionate; severe; extreme.</p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*lent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assailant.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*lent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>violenter</i>.]
<def>To urge with violence.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*lent</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be violent; to act
violently.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The grief is fine, full, perfect, that I taste,<BR>
And <i>violenteth</i> in a sense as strong<BR>
As that which causeth it.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a violent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`o*les"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>viola</i> a
violet.] <def>Tending to a violet color; violascent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>violette</i> a violet
(cf. <i>violet</i> violet-colored), dim. of OF. <i>viole</i> a violet, L.
<i>viola</i>; akin to Gr. &?;.  Cf. <u>Iodine</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant or flower of the genus <i>Viola</i>, of many
species.  The violets are generally low, herbaceous plants, and the flowers
of many of the species are blue, while others are white or yellow, or of
several colors, as the pansy (<i>Viola tricolor</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; The cultivated sweet violet is <i>Viola odorata</i> of Europe.
The common blue violet of the eastern United States is <i>V. cucullata</i>;
the sand, or bird-foot, violet is <i>V. pedata</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The color of a violet, or that part of the
spectrum farthest from red. It is the most refrangible part of the
spectrum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>In art, a color produced by a combination of red
and blue in equal proportions; a bluish purple color.</def>
<i>Mollett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of small violet-colored butterflies belonging to <i>Lyc&aelig;na</i>, or
<i>Rusticus</i>, and allied genera.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1612 !></p>

<p><col><b>Corn violet</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Corn</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Dame's violet</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Damewort</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dogtooth violet</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Dogtooth</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Water violet</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an aquatic European herb (<i>Hottonia palustris</i>)
with pale purplish flowers and pinnatifid leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>violet</i>.  See
<u>Violet</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Dark blue, inclining to red;
bluish purple; having a color produced by red and blue combined.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Violet shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any species of
Ianthina; -- called also <i>violet snail</i>.  See <u>Ianthina</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Violet wood</b></col>, <cd>a name given to several kinds of hard
purplish or reddish woods, as king wood, myall wood, and the wood of the
<i>Andira violacea</i>, a tree of Guiana.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*let-tip"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A very handsome American butterfly (<i>Polygonia interrogationis</i>).
Its wings are mottled with various shades of red and brown and have violet
tips.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`o*lin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>violino</i>, dim.
of <i>viola</i>.  See <u>Viol</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A small instrument
with four strings, played with a bow; a fiddle.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The violin is distinguished for the brilliancy and gayety, as
well as the power and variety, of its tones, and in the orchestra it is the
leading and most important instrument.</p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pale yellow amorphous substance of alkaloidal
nature and emetic properties, said to have been extracted from the root and
foliage of the violet (<i>Viola</i>).</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Mauve
aniline.  See under <u>Mauve</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`o*lin"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>violiniste</i>, <i>violoniste</i>, It. <i>violonista</i>.] <def>A player
on the violin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"ol*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>violiste</i>.]
<def>A player on the viol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`o*lon*cel"list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>violoncelliste</i>, It. <i>violoncellista</i>.] <def>A player on the
violoncello.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`o*lon*cel"lo</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>violoncello</i>, dim. of <i>violone</i> a bass viol.  See
<u>Violone</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A stringed instrument of music; a bass
viol of four strings, or a bass violin with long, large strings, giving
sounds an octave lower than the viola, or tenor or alto violin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi`o*lo"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>violone</i>,
augment. of <i>viola</i> a viol.  See <u>Viol</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The
largest instrument of the bass-viol kind, having strings tuned an octave
below those of the violoncello; the contrabasso; -- called also <i>double
bass</i>.</def>  [Written also <i>violono</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Violent.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi`o*lu"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Viol</i>et +
barbit<i>uric</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating,
a complex nitroso derivative of barbituric acid. It is obtained as a white
or yellow crystalline substance, and forms characteristic yellow, blue, and
violet salts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vip&egrave;re</i>, L.
<i>vipera</i>, probably contr. fr. <i>vivipera</i>; <i>vivus</i> alive +
<i>parere</i> to bring forth, because it was believed to be the only
serpent that brings forth living young.  Cf. <u>Quick</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Parent</u>, <u>Viviparous</u>, <u>Wivern</u>,
<u>Weever</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of Old World venomous makes belonging to <i>Vipera</i>, <i>Clotho</i>,
<i>Daboia</i>, and other genera of the family
<i>Viperid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There came a <i>viper</i> out of the heat, and fastened on
his hand.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxviii. 3.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Among the best-known species are the European adder (<i>Pelias
berus</i>), the European asp (<i>Vipera aspis</i>), the African horned
viper (<i>V. cerastes</i>), and the Indian viper (<i>Daboia
Russellii</i>).</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A dangerous, treacherous, or malignant
person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who committed<BR>
To such a <i>viper</i> his most sacred trust<BR>
Of secrecy.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Horned viper</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Cerastes</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Red viper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the copperhead.</cd> -- <col><b>Viper fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small, slender, phosphorescent deep-sea fish
(<i>Chauliodus Sloanii</i>). It has long ventral and dorsal fins, a large
mouth, and very long, sharp teeth.</cd> -- <col><b>Viper's
bugloss</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a rough-leaved biennial herb
(<i>Echium vulgare</i>) having showy purplish blue flowers. It is sometimes
cultivated, but has become a pestilent weed in fields from New York to
Virginia.  Also called <i>blue weed</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Viper's
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a perennial composite herb
(<i>Scorzonera Hispanica</i>) with narrow, entire leaves, and solitary
heads of yellow flowers. The long, white, carrot-shaped roots are used for
food in Spain and some other countries. Called also <i>viper
grass</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Vi`per*i"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Viperoidea</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"per*ine</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>viperinus</i>:
cf. F. <i>vip&eacute;rin</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a viper or vipers;
resembling a viper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Viperine snake</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any venomous snake of the family
<i>Viperid&aelig;</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A harmless snake
resembling a viper in form or color, esp. <i>Tropidonotus viperinus</i>, a
small European species which resembles the viper in color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vi"per*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat like a viper;
viperous.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Vi`per*oi"de*a</hw> (?), <hw>Vi`per*oi"des</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.  See <u>Viper</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of serpents which includes the true
vipers of the Old World and the rattlesnakes and moccasin snakes of
America; -- called also <i>Viperina</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"per*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the qualities
of a viper; malignant; venomous; as, a <i>viperous</i> tongue.</def>  "This
<i>viperous</i> slander." <i>Shak.</i> -- <wf>Vi"per*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vi`ra*gin"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a virago; having the qualities of a virago.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi`ra*gin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The qualities or
characteristics of a virago.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*ra"go</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Viragoes</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>virago</i>, <i>-intis</i>, from
<i>vir</i> a man.  See <u>Virile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman of
extraordinary stature, strength, and courage; a woman who has the robust
body and masculine mind of a man; a female warrior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To arms! to arms! the fierce <i>virago</i>
cries.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a mannish woman; a bold, turbulent woman;
a termagant; a vixen.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Virago</i> . . . serpent under femininity.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>vire</i>, fr.
<i>virer</i> to turn.  Cf. <u>Veer</u>, <u>Vireton</u>.] <def>An arrow,
having a rotary motion, formerly used with the crossbow.  Cf.
<u>Vireton</u>.</def>  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"e*lay</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>virelai</i>;
<i>virer</i> to turn + <i>lai</i> a song, a lay.] <def>An ancient French
song, or short poem, wholly in two rhymes, and composed in short lines,
with a refrain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of such matter made he many lays,<BR>
Songs, complains, roundels, <i>virelayes</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To which a lady sung a <i>virelay</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "The <i>virelay</i> admitted only two rhymes, and, after
employing one for some time, the poet was <i>virer</i>, or to turn, to the
other."  <i>Nares.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>virens</i>, p. pr. of
<i>virere</i> to be green.] <def>Green; not withered.</def>  [R.]  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"e*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a species of bird.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of American singing
birds belonging to <i>Vireo</i> and allied genera of the family
<i>Vireonid&aelig;</i>. In many of the species the back is greenish, or
olive-colored.  Called also <i>greenlet</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the Eastern United States the most common species are the
white-eyed vireo (<i>Vireo Noveboracensis</i>), the redeyed vireo (<i>V.
olivaceus</i>), the blue-headed, or solitary, vireo (<i>V. solitarius</i>),
the warbling vireo (<i>V. gilvus</i>), and the yellow-throated vireo (<i>V.
flavifrons</i>). All these are noted for the sweetness of their songs.</p>

<p><hw>Vi*res"cence</hw> (?), <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The act or state of
becoming green through the formation of chlorophyll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*res"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>virescens</i>, p.
pr. of <i>virescere</i> to grow green, verb incho. fr. <i>virere</i> to be
green.] <def>Beginning to be green; slightly green; greenish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir"e*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  See <u>Vire</u>.]
<def>An arrow or bolt for a crossbow having feathers or brass placed at an
angle with the shaft to make it spin in flying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir"ga*lieu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Virgouleuse</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A valuable kind of pear, of an obovate shape and with
melting flesh of delicious flavor; -- more properly called <i>White
Doyenn&eacute;</i>.</def>  [Written also <i>virgaloo</i>, <i>vergalieu</i>,
<i>vergaloo</i>, etc.]</p>

<p><hw>Vir"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>virgatus</i> made of
twigs, fr. <i>virga</i> a twig, rod.  See <u>Verge</u> a rod.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the form of a straight rod; wand-shaped; straight
and slender.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir"gate</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. <i>virgata</i>, <i>virgata
terrae</i>, so much land as <i>virga terrae</i>, a land measure, contains,
fr. L. <i>virga</i> a twig, rod.] <def>A yardland, or measure of land
varying from fifteen to forty acres.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>T. Warton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"ga*ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>virgatus</i>
striped.  See <u>Virgate</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Striped;
streaked.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Virge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wand.  See
<u>Verge</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vir"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Verger</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vir*gil"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Virgilianus</i>,
better <i>Vergilianus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Virgil, the Roman
poet; resembling the style of Virgil.</def>  [Spelt also
<i>Vergilian</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The rich <i>Virgilian</i> rustic measure<BR>
Of Lari Maxume.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>virgo</i>, <i>-
inis</i>: cf. OF. <i>virgine</i>, <i>virgene</i>, <i>virge</i>,
<i>vierge</i>, F. <i>vierge</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman who has
had no carnal knowledge of man; a maid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A person of the male sex who has not known
sexual indulgence.</def>  [Archaic]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These are they which were not defiled with women; for they
are <i>virgins</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xiv. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He his flesh hath overcome;<BR>
He was a <i>virgin</i>, as he said.</blockquote> <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>See <u>Virgo</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of gossamer-winged butterflies of the family
<i>Lyc&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A female insect producing
eggs from which young are hatched, though there has been no fecundation by
a male; a parthenogenetic insect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Virgin</b></col>, or <col><b>The Blessed Virgin</b></col>,
<cd>the Virgin Mary, the Mother of our Lord.</cd> -- <col><b>Virgin's
bower</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to several climbing plants
of the genus <i>Clematis</i>, as <i>C. Vitalba</i> of Europe, and <i>C.
Virginiana</i> of North America.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vir"gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Being
a virgin; chaste; of or pertaining to a virgin; becoming a virgin;
maidenly; modest; indicating modesty; as, a <i>virgin</i> blush.</def>
"<i>Virgin</i> shame."  <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Innocence and <i>virgin</i> modesty . . . <BR>
That would be wooed, and unsought be won.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pure; undefiled; unmixed; fresh; new; as,
<i>virgin</i> soil; <i>virgin</i> gold.</def> "<i>Virgin</i> Dutch."  <i>G.
W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The white cold <i>virgin</i> snow upon my
heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A few ounces of mutton, with a little <i>virgin</i>
oil.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not yet pregnant; impregnant.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"gin</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act the virgin; to be
or keep chaste; -- followed by <i>it</i>.  See <u>It</u>, 5.</def>  [Obs.]
"My true lip hath <i>virgined</i> it e'er since [that kiss]."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"gin*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>virginalis</i>: cf.
F. <i>virginal</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a virgin; becoming a virgin;
maidenly.</def>  "Chastity and honor <i>virginal</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Virginal generation</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>,
<cd>parthenogenesis.</cd> -- <col><b>Virginal membrane</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the hymen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vir"gin*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>virginale</i>; --
probably so called from being used by young girls, or <i>virgins</i>.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument somewhat resembling the spinet, but having
a rectangular form, like the small piano. It had strings and keys, but only
one wire to a note. The instrument was used in the sixteenth century, but
is now wholly obsolete. It was sometimes called a <i>pair of
virginals</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir"gin*al</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play with the
fingers, as if on a virginal; to tap or pat.</def>  [Obs.] "Still
<i>virginaling</i> upon his palm!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"gin*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Virginity;
maidenhood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir*gin"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the States of
the United States of America.</def>  -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the State of Virginia.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Virginia cowslip</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the American
lungwort (<i>Mertensia Virginica</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Virginia
creeper</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a common ornamental North American
woody vine (<i>Ampelopsis quinquefolia</i>), climbing extensively by means
of tendrils; -- called also <i>woodbine</i>, and <i>American ivy</i>.</cd>
[U. S.] -- <col><b>Virginia fence</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Worm fence</i>,
under <u>Fence</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Virginia nightingale</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cardinal bird.  See under
<u>Cardinal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Virginia quail</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the bobwhite.</cd> -- <col><b>Virginia
reel</b></col>, <cd>an old English contradance; -- so called in the United
States.</cd> <i>Bartlett.</i> -- <col><b>Virginia stock</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Mahon stock</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vir*gin"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>virgintee</i>,
F. <i>virginit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>virginitas</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being a virgin; undefiled purity or chastity;
maidenhood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The unmarried life; celibacy.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>virgo</i> a virgin, the
constellation Virgo in the zodiac.  See <u>Virgin</u>.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sign of the zodiac which the sun enters about
the 21st of August, marked thus [&Virgo;] in almanacs.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A constellation of the zodiac, now occupying
chiefly the sign Libra, and containing the bright star Spica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir"gou*leuse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>virgouleuse</i>,
from the village of <i>Virgoul&eacute;e</i>, near Limoges.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An old French variety of pear, of little value.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir`gu*la"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From. L.
<i>virgula</i> a small rod.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of long, slender Alcyonaria belonging to <i>Virgularia</i> and
allied genera of the family <i>Virgularid&aelig;</i>. These corals are
allied to the sea-pens, but have a long rodlike rhachis inclosing a
slender, round or square, calcareous axis. The polyps are arranged in
transverse rows or clusters along each side of the rhachis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir"gu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like a little
twig or rod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir"gule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>virgule</i>, fr. L.
<i>virgula</i>, dim. of <i>virga</i>.  See <u>Verge</u> a rod.] <def>A
comma.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In the MSS. of Chaucer, the line is always broken by a
c&aelig;sura in the middle, which is pointed by a
<i>virgule</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vis</i>,
<i>viris</i>, force.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A certain function relating to
a system of forces and their points of application, -- first used by
Clausius in the investigation of problems in molecular physics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>viridis</i> green.  See
<u>Verdant</u>.] <def>Green.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>virid</i> marjoram<BR>
Her sparkling beauty did but see.</blockquote> <i>Crompton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir`i*des"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state
of being viridescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir`i*des"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>viridescens</i>, p. pr. of <i>viridescere</i> to grow green.]
<def>Slightly green; greenish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir"i*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>viridis</i> green.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A greenish, oily, nitrogenous hydrocarbon,
C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>19</sub>N<sub>7</sub>, obtained from coal tar, and
probably consisting of a mixture of several metameric compounds which are
higher derivatives of the base pyridine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir"i*dite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>viridis</i> green.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A greenish chloritic mineral common in certain igneous
rocks, as diabase, as a result of alternation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*rid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>viriditas</i>, fr.
<i>viridis</i> green: cf. F. <i>viridit&eacute;</i>.  See <u>Verdant</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Greenness; verdure; the color of grass and
foliage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Freshness; soundness.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"id*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Viridity;
greenness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"rile</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>virilis</i>, fr.
<i>vir</i> a man; akin to AS. <i>wer</i>: cf. F. <i>viril</i>.  See
<u>Werewolf</u>, <u>World</u>, and cf. <u>Decemvir</u>, <u>Virago</u>,
<u>Virtue</u>.] <def>Having the nature, properties, or qualities, of an
adult man; characteristic of developed manhood; hence, masterful; forceful;
specifically, capable of begetting; -- opposed to <i>womanly</i>,
<i>feminine</i>, and <i>puerile</i>; as, <i>virile</i> age, <i>virile</i>
power, <i>virile</i> organs.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1613 !></p>

<p><hw>Vi*ril"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>virilitas</i>: cf.
F. <i>virilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being virile;
developed manhood; manliness; specif., the power of procreation; as,
exhaustion.</def>  "<i>Virility</i> of visage."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*rip"o*tent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vir</i> man +
<i>potens</i> fit for.] <def>Developed in manhood; hence, able to beget;
marriageable.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Being not of ripe years, not <i>viripotent</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir*mil"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Vermilion</u>.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vi*role"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., a ferrule.  See
<u>Ferrule</u>.] <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A ring surrounding a bugle or hunting
horn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*roled"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i>
<def>Furnished with a virole or viroles; -- said of a horn or a bugle when
the rings are of different tincture from the rest of the horn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*rose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>virosus</i>.  See
<u>Virus</u>.] <def>Having a nauseous odor; fetid; poisonous.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vir*tu"</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>virt&ugrave;</i>
virtue, excellence, from L. <i>virtus</i>.  See <u>Virtue</u>.] <def>A love
of the fine arts; a taste for curiosities.</def>  <i>J. Spence.</i></p>

<p><col><b>An article</b></col>, or <col><b>piece</b></col>, <col><b>of
virtu</b></col>, <cd>an object of art or antiquity; a curiosity, such as
those found in museums or private collections.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I had thoughts, in my chambers to place it in view,<BR>
To be shown to my friends as a piece of <i>virt&ugrave;</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"tu*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>virtuel</i>.  See <u>Virtue</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the
power of acting or of invisible efficacy without the agency of the material
or sensible part; potential; energizing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Heat and cold have a <i>virtual</i> transition, without
communication of substance.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every kind that lives,<BR>
Fomented by his <i>virtual</i> power, and warmed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being in essence or effect, not in fact; as, the
<i>virtual</i> presence of a man in his agent or substitute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A thing has a <i>virtual</i> existence when it has all the
conditions necessary to its actual existence.</blockquote>
<i>Fleming.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To mask by slight differences in the manners a
<i>virtual</i> identity in the substance.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Principle of virtual velocities</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>,
<cd>the law that when several forces are in equilibrium, the algebraic sum
of their virtual moments is equal to zero.</cd> -- <col><b>Virtual
focus</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>the point from which rays, having been
rendered divergent by reflection of refraction, appear to issue; the point
at which converging rays would meet if not reflected or refracted before
they reach it.</cd> -- <col><b>Virtual image</b></col>. <i>(Optics)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Image</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Virtual moment</b></col> (of a
force) <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the product of the intensity of the force
multiplied by the virtual velocity of its point of application; --
sometimes called <i>virtual work</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Virtual
velocity</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>a minute hypothetical displacement,
assumed in analysis to facilitate the investigation of statical problems.
With respect to any given force of a number of forces holding a material
system in equilibrium, it is the projection, upon the direction of the
force, of a line joining its point of application with a new position of
that point indefinitely near to the first, to which the point is conceived
to have been moved, without disturbing the equilibrium of the system, or
the connections of its parts with each other. Strictly speaking, it is not
a velocity but a length.</cd> -- <col><b>Virtual work</b></col>.
<i>(Mech.)</i> <cd>See <i>Virtual moment</i>, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vir`tu*al"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>virtualit&eacute;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being virtual.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Potentiality; efficacy; potential
existence.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In one grain of corn, there lieth dormant a
<i>virtuality</i> of many other.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"tu*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a virtual
manner; in efficacy or effect only, and not actually; to all intents and
purposes; practically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir"tu*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make
efficacious; to give virtue of efficacy.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"tue</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vertu</i>, F.
<i>vertu</i>, L. <i>virtus</i> strength, courage, excellence, virtue, fr.
<i>vir</i> a man.  See <u>Virile</u>, and cf. <u>Virtu</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Manly strength or courage; bravery; daring; spirit;
valor.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Built too strong<BR>
For force or <i>virtue</i> ever to expugn.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Active quality or power; capacity or power
adequate to the production of a given effect; energy; strength; potency;
efficacy; as, the <i>virtue</i> of a medicine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Jesus, immediately knowing in himself that <i>virtue</i> had
gone out of him, turned him about.</blockquote> <i>Mark v. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man was driven to depend for his security against
misunderstanding, upon the pure <i>virtue</i> of his syntax.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>virtue</i> of his midnight agony.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Energy or influence operating without contact of
the material or sensible substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She moves the body which she doth possess,<BR>
Yet no part toucheth, but by <i>virtue's</i> touch.</blockquote> <i>Sir. J.
Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Excellence; value; merit; meritoriousness;
worth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I made <i>virtue</i> of necessity.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the Greek poets, . . . the economy of poems is better
observed than in Terence, who thought the sole grace and <i>virtue</i> of
their fable the sticking in of sentences.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, moral excellence; integrity of
character; purity of soul; performance of duty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Virtue</i> only makes our bliss below.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If there's Power above us,<BR>
And that there is all nature cries aloud<BR>
Through all her works, he must delight in <i>virtue</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A particular moral excellence; as, the
<i>virtue</i> of temperance, of charity, etc.</def>  "The very
<i>virtue</i> of compassion." <i>Shak.</i> "Remember all his
<i>virtues</i>." <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: Chastity; purity; especially, the
chastity of women; virginity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>H.</i> I believe the girl has <i>virtue</i>.<BR>
<i>M.</i>  And if she has, I should be the last man in the world to attempt
to corrupt it.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>One of the orders of the celestial
hierarchy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thrones, dominations, princedoms, <i>virtues</i>,
powers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Cardinal virtues</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cardinal</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>In</b></col>, or <col><b>By</b></col>,
<col><b>virtue of</b></col>, <cd>through the force of; by authority
of.</cd>  "He used to travel through Greece <i>by virtue of</i> this fable,
which procured him reception in all the towns." <i>Addison.</i> "This they
shall attain, partly <i>in virtue of</i> the promise made by God, and
partly <i>in virtue of</i> piety." <i>Atterbury.</i> -- <col><b>Theological
virtues</b></col>, <cd>the three virtues, faith, hope, and charity.  See
<i>1 Cor. xiii. 13.</i></cd></p>

<p><hw>Vir"tue*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of
virtue; without efficacy or operating qualities; powerless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Virtueless</i> she wished all herbs and
charms.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir`tu*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being a virtuoso; in a bad sense, the
character of one in whom mere artistic feeling or &aelig;sthetic
cultivation takes the place of religious character;
sentimentalism.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This famous passage . . . over which the <i>virtuosity</i>
of modern times, rejoicing in evil, has hung so fondly.</blockquote> <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Virtuosos, collectively.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An art or study affected by virtuosos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir`tu*o"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Virtuosos</b></plw> (#); It. <plw><b>Virtuosi</b></plw> (#). [It.
See <u>Virtuous</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One devoted to virtu; one
skilled in the fine arts, in antiquities, and the like; a collector or
ardent admirer of curiosities, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Virtuoso</i> the Italians call a man who loves the noble
arts, and is a critic in them.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A performer on some instrument, as
the violin or the piano, who excels in the technical part of his art; a
brilliant concert player.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir`tu*o"so*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition,
pursuits, or occupation of a virtuoso.</def>  <i>Bp. Hurd.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"tu*ous</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vertuous</i>,
OF. <i>vertuos</i>, <i>vertuous</i>, F. <i>vertueux</i>, fr. L.
<i>Virtuous</i>.  See <u>Virtue</u>, and cf. <u>Virtuoso</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessing or exhibiting virtue.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Exhibiting manly courage and strength;
valorous; valiant; brave.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Old Priam's son, amongst them all, was chiefly
<i>virtuous</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Having power or efficacy; powerfully operative;
efficacious; potent.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lifting up his <i>virtuous</i> staff on high,<BR>
He smote the sea, which calm&eacute;d was with speed.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>virtuous</i> plant and healing herb.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Having moral excellence; characterized by
morality; upright; righteous; pure; as, a <i>virtuous</i> action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>virtuous</i> mind that ever walks attended<BR>
By a strong siding champion, conscience.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Chaste; pure; -- applied especially to
women.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mistress Ford . . . the <i>virtuous</i> creature, that hath
the jealous fool to her husband.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Vir"tu*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Vir"tu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Vir"u*lence</hw> (?), <hw>Vir"u*len*cy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>virulence</i>, L. <i>virulentia</i> an
offensive odor, a stench.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of
being virulent or venomous; poisonousness; malignancy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extreme bitterness or malignity of
disposition.</def>  "Refuted without satirical <i>virulency</i>."
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>virulence</i> of one declaimer, or the profundities
and sublimities of the other.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vir"u*lent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>virulentus</i>, fr.
<i>virus</i> poison: cf. F. <i>virulent</i>.  See <u>Virus</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Extremely poisonous or venomous; very active in
doing injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A contagious disorder rendered more <i>virulent</i> by
uncleanness.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very bitter in enmity; actuated by a desire to
injure; malignant; as, a <i>virulent</i> invective.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vir"u*lent*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made virulent;
poisoned.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vir"u*lent*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a virulent
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a slimy liquid, a
poisonous liquid, poison, stench; akin to Gr. &?; poison, Skr.
<i>visha</i>.  Cf. <u>Wizen</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Contagious or
poisonous matter, as of specific ulcers, the bite of snakes, etc.; --
applied to organic poisons.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The special
contagion, inappreciable to the senses and acting in exceedingly minute
quantities, by which a disease is introduced into the organism and
maintained there.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The specific virus of diseases is now regarded as a microscopic
living vegetable organism which multiplies within the body, and, either by
its own action or by the associated development of a chemical poison,
causes the phenomena of the special disease.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Any morbid corrupting quality in
intellectual or moral conditions; something that poisons the mind or the
soul; as, the <i>virus</i> of obscene books.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Force;
power.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Physical
force.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Moral power.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Principle of vis viva</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>the
principle that the difference between the aggregate work of the
accelerating forces of a system and that of the retarding forces is equal
to one half the <i>vis viva</i> accumulated or lost in the system while the
work is being done.</cd> -- <col><b>Vis impressa</b></col> [L.]
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>force exerted, as in moving a body, or changing the
direction of its motion; impressed force.</cd> -- <col><b>Vis
inerti&aelig;</b></col>. [L.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The resistance of
matter, as when a body at rest is set in motion, or a body in motion is
brought to rest, or has its motion changed, either in direction or in
velocity.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Inertness; inactivity.</cd> <i>Vis
interti&aelig;</i> and <i>inertia</i> are not strictly synonymous. The
former implies the <i>resistance</i> itself which is given, while the
latter implies merely the <i>property</i> by which it is given. --
<col><b>Vis mortua</b></col> [L.] <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>dead force; force
doing no active work, but only producing pressure.</cd> -- <col><b>Vis
vit&aelig;</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Vis vitalis</b></col> [L.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>vital force.</cd> -- <col><b>Vis viva</b></col> [L.]
<i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>living force; the force of a body moving against
resistance, or doing work, in distinction from <i>vis mortua</i>, or dead
force; the kinetic energy of a moving body; the capacity of a moving body
to do work by reason of its being in motion.  See <i>Kinetic energy</i>, in
the Note under <u>Energy</u>. The term <i>vis viva</i> is not usually
understood to include that part of the kinetic energy of the body which is
due to the vibrations of its molecules.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Vi"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>See
<u>Vis&?;</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"sa</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Visaed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Visaing</u>.]
<def>To indorse, after examination, with the word <i>vis&eacute;</i>, as a
passport; to vis&eacute;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>visage</i>, from
L. <i>visus</i> a seeing, a look, fr. <i>videre</i>, <i>visum</i>, to see.
See <u>Vision</u>.] <def>The face, countenance, or look of a person or an
animal; -- chiefly applied to the human face.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i> "A
<i>visage</i> of demand." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>visage</i> was so marred more than any
man.</blockquote> <i>Isa. lii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Love and beauty still that <i>visage</i> grace.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To face.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis"aged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a visage.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mask.  See
<u>Visor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"ard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mask.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vis`-a-vis"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., opposite, face to
face.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, is face to face with
another; esp., one who faces another in dancing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A carriage in which two persons sit face to
face.  Also, a form of sofa with seats for two persons, so arranged that
the occupants are face to face while sitting on opposite sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis`-a-vis"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Face to
face.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vis*ca"cha</hw> (?), <hw>||Viz-ca"cha</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large burrowing South
American rodent (<i>Lagostomus trichodactylus</i>) allied to the
chinchillas, but much larger. Its fur is soft and rather long, mottled gray
above, white or yellowish white beneath. There is a white band across the
muzzle, and a dark band on each cheek. It inhabits grassy plains, and is
noted for its extensive burrows and for heaping up miscellaneous articles
at the mouth of its burrows. Called also <i>biscacha</i>, <i>bizcacha</i>,
<i>vischacha</i>, <i>vishatscha</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vis"ce*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Viscus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"cer*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>visc&eacute;ral</i>, LL. <i>visceralis</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the viscera; splanchnic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Having deep sensibility.</def>  [R.]
<i>Bp. Reynolds.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Visceral arches</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the bars or ridges
between the visceral clefts.</cd> -- <col><b>Visceral cavity</b></col> or
<col><b>tube</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the ventral cavity of a
vertebrate, which contains the alimentary canal, as distinguished from the
dorsal, or cerebro-spinal, canal.</cd> -- <col><b>Visceral clefts</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>transverse clefts on the sides just back of the mouth
in the vertebrate embryo, which open into the pharyngeal portion of the
alimentary canal, and correspond to the branchial clefts in adult
fishes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vis"cer*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Viscerated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Viscerating</u>.] <def>To deprive of the viscera, or entrails; to
eviscerate; to disembowel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis`cer*o*skel"e*tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the framework, or skeleton, or skeleton, of the
viscera; as, the <i>visceroskeletal</i> system of muscles.</def>
<i>Mivart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis"cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>viscidus</i>, fr.
<i>viscum</i> the mistletoe, birdlime made from the berries of the
mistletoe; akin to Gr. &?;: cf. F. <i>viscide</i>.] <def>Sticking or
adhering, and having a ropy or glutinous consistency; viscous; glutinous;
sticky; tenacious; clammy; as, turpentine, tar, gums, etc., are more or
less <i>viscid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis*cid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>viscidit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being viscid; also,
that which is viscid; glutinous concretion; stickiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A clear,
viscous, tasteless substance extracted from the mucilaginous sap of the
mistletoe (<i>Viscum album</i>), holly, etc., and constituting an essential
ingredient of birdlime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis*coid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat viscous.
Cf. <u>Mobile</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis`co*sim"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Viscosity</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring the degree of viscosity of
liquids, as solutions of gum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis*cos"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>viscosit&eacute;</i>, LL. <i>viscositas</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being viscous.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A quality analogous to that of
a viscous fluid, supposed to be caused by internal friction, especially in
the case of gases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"count`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vicounte</i>, OF.
<i>visconte</i>, <i>vescunte</i>, F. <i>vicomte</i>, LL. <i>vicecomes</i>;
L. <i>vice</i> (see <u>Vice</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>) + <i>comes</i> a
companion, LL., a count.  See <u>Count</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng.
Law)</i> <def>An officer who formerly supplied the place of the count, or
earl; the sheriff of the county.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A nobleman of the fourth rank, next in order
below an earl and next above a baron; also, his degree or title of
nobility.  See <u>Peer</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def>  [Eng.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis"count`cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The dignity or
jurisdiction of a viscount.</def>  <i>Sir B. Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis"count`ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vicomtesse</i>,
LL. <i>vicecomitissa</i>.] <def>The wife of a viscount.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Vis"count`ship</hw>, <hw>Vis"count`y</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vicomt&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality, rank, or
office of a viscount.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"cous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>viscosus</i>.  See
<u>Viscid</u>.] <def>Adhesive or sticky, and having a ropy or glutinous
consistency; viscid; glutinous; clammy; tenacious; as, a <i>viscous</i>
juice.</def>  -- <wf>Vis"cous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>&fist; There is no well-defined distinction in meaning between
<i>viscous</i> and <i>viscid</i>.</p>

<p><hw>||Vis"cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of parasitic shrubs, including the mistletoe of
Europe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Birdlime, which is often made from the berries
of the European mistletoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vis"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Viscera</b></plw> (#). [L., perhaps akin to E. <i>viscid</i>.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the organs, as the brain, heart, or stomach, in
the great cavities of the body of an animal; -- especially used in the
plural, and applied to the organs contained in the abdomen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vis</i> a screw, winding
stairs, OF. <i>vis</i>, <i>viz</i>, fr. L. <i>vitis</i> a vine; probably
akin to E. <i>withy</i>.] <def>An instrument consisting of two jaws,
closing by a screw, lever, cam, or the like, for holding work, as in
filing.</def>  [Written also <i>vice</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Vi*s&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>vis&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>viser</i> to put a visa to, fr. L.
<i>visus</i> seen, p. p. of <i>videre</i> to see.] <def>An indorsement made
on a passport by the proper authorities of certain countries on the
continent of Europe, denoting that it has been examined, and that the
person who bears it is permitted to proceed on his journey; a
visa.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1614 !></p>

<p><hw>Vi*s&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vis&eacute;ed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vis&eacute;ing</u>.] <def>To examine and indorse, as a passport; to
visa.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vish"nu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>Vish&?;u</i>, from
<i>vish</i> to pervade., to extend through nature.] <i>(Hindu Myth.)</i>
<def>A divinity of the modern Hindu trimurti, or trinity. He is regarded as
the preserver, while Brahma is the creator, and Siva the destroyer of the
creation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis`i*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>visibilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>visibilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or
state of being visible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>visibilis</i>, fr.
<i>videre</i>, <i>visum</i>, to see: cf. F. <i>visible</i>.  See
<u>Vision</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Perceivable by the eye; capable of
being seen; perceptible; in view; as, a <i>visible</i> star; the least spot
is <i>visible</i> on white paper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Maker of heaven and earth, and of all things <i>visible</i>
and invisible.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Virtue made <i>visible</i> in outward grace.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Noticeable; apparent; open; conspicuous.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The factions at court were greater, or more <i>visible</i>,
than before.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Visible church</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>the apparent
church of Christ on earth; the whole body of professed believers in Christ,
as contradistinguished from the <i>invisible</i>, or real, church,
consisting of sanctified persons.</cd> -- <col><b>Visible
horizon</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Apparent horizon</i>, under
<u>Apparent</u>.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Vis"i*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Vis"i*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vis"i*goth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Visegothae</i>, pl.
Cf. <u>West</u>, and <u>Goth</u>.] <def>One of the West Goths.  See the
Note under <u>Goth</u>.</def>  -- <wf>Vis`i*goth"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vi"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>visioun</i>, F.
<i>vision</i>, fr. L. <i>visio</i>, from <i>videre</i>, <i>visum</i>, to
see: akin to Gr. &?; to see, &?; I know, and E. <i>wit</i>.  See
<u>Wit</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Advice</u>,
<u>Clairvoyant</u>, <u>Envy</u>, <u>Evident</u>, <u>Provide</u>,
<u>Revise</u>, <u>Survey</u>, <u>View</u>, <u>Visage</u>, <u>Visit</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of seeing external objects; actual
sight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Faith here is turned into <i>vision</i> there.</blockquote>
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The faculty of seeing; sight;
one of the five senses, by which colors and the physical qualities of
external objects are appreciated as a result of the stimulating action of
light on the sensitive retina, an expansion of the optic nerve.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is seen; an object of sight.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Especially, that which is seen otherwise than by
the ordinary sight, or the rational eye; a supernatural, prophetic, or
imaginary sight; an apparition; a phantom; a specter; as, the
<i>visions</i> of Isaiah.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The baseless fabric of this <i>vision</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No dreams, but <i>visions</i> strange.</blockquote> <i>Sir
P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Hence, something unreal or imaginary; a creation
of fancy.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Arc of vision</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>the arc which
measures the least distance from the sun at which, when the sun is below
the horizon, a star or planet emerging from his rays becomes visible.</cd>
-- <col><b>Beatific vision</b></col> <i>(Theol.)</i>, <cd>the immediate
sight of God in heaven.</cd> -- <col><b>Direct vision</b></col>
<i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>vision when the image of the object falls directly on
the yellow spot (see under <u>Yellow</u>); also, vision by means of rays
which are not deviated from their original direction.</cd> -- <col><b>Field
of vision</b></col>, <cd>field of view.  See under <u>Field</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Indirect vision</b></col> <i>(Opt.)</i>, <cd>vision when the rays
of light from an object fall upon the peripheral parts of the retina.</cd>
-- <col><b>Reflected vision</b></col>, or <col><b>Refracted
vision</b></col>, <cd>vision by rays reflected from mirrors, or refracted
by lenses or prisms, respectively.</cd> -- <col><b>Vision purple</b></col>.
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>See <i>Visual purple</i>, under
<u>Visual</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vi"sion</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Visioned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Visioning</u>.] <def>To see in a vision; to dream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For them no <i>visioned</i> terrors daunt,<BR>
Their nights no fancied specters haunt.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"sion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
vision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"sion*a*ri*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being visionary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>visionnaire</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a visions
or visions; characterized by, appropriate to, or favorable for,
visions.</def>
</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>visionary</i> hour<BR>
When musing midnight reigns.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Affected by phantoms; disposed to receive
impressions on the imagination; given to reverie; apt to receive, and act
upon, fancies as if they were realities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or lull to rest the <i>visionary</i> maid.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Existing in imagination only; not real;
fanciful; imaginary; having no solid foundation; as, <i>visionary</i>
prospect; a <i>visionary</i> scheme or project.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fanciful; fantastic; unreal.  See <u>Fanciful</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Vi"sion*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Visionaries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One whose
imagination is disturbed; one who sees visions or phantoms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One whose imagination overpowers his reason and
controls his judgment; an unpractical schemer; one who builds castles in
the air; a daydreamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"sioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the power of
seeing visions; inspired; also, seen in visions.</def>  [R.]
<i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"sion*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
visionary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"sion*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of vision;
sightless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Visited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Visiting</u>.] [F. <i>visiter</i>, L. <i>visitare</i>, fr. <i>visere</i>
to go to see, to visit, fr. <i>videre</i>, <i>visum</i> to see.  See
<u>Vision.</u>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go or come to see, as for the purpose of
friendship, business, curiosity, etc.; to attend; to call upon; as, the
physician <i>visits</i> his patient.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Specifically: <def>To go or come to see for
inspection, examination, correction of abuses, etc.; to examine, to
inspect; as, a bishop <i>visits</i> his diocese; a superintendent
<i>visits</i> persons or works under his charge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>To come to for the purpose of
chastising, rewarding, comforting; to come upon with reward or retribution;
to appear before or judge; as, to <i>visit</i> in mercy; to <i>visit</i>
one in wrath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[God] hath <i>visited</i> and redeemed his
people.</blockquote> <i>Like i. 68.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a visit or
visits; to maintain visiting relations; to practice calling on
others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"it</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>visite</i>.  See
<u>Visit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Visite</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of visiting, or going to see a person or
thing; a brief stay of business, friendship, ceremony, curiosity, or the
like, usually longer than a call; as, a <i>visit</i> of civility or
respect; a <i>visit</i> to Saratoga; the <i>visit</i> of a
physician.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of going to view or inspect; an official
or formal inspection; examination; visitation; as, the <i>visit</i> of a
trustee or inspector.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Right of visit</b></col> <i>(Internat. Law)</i>, <cd>the right
of visitation.  See <u>Visitation</u>, 4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vis"it*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Liable or subject
to be visited or inspected.</def>  "All hospitals built since the
Reformation are <i>visitable</i> by the king or lord chancellor."
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis"it*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>visitans</i>, <i>-
antis</i>; p. pr.: cf. F. <i>visitant</i>.] <def>One who visits; a guest; a
visitor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the <i>visitant</i> comes again, he is no more a
stranger.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis"it*ant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Visiting.</def>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis`it*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>visitatio</i>:
cf. F. <i>visitation</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of visiting, or
the state of being visited; access for inspection or examination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing but peace and gentle <i>visitation</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: The act of a superior or
superintending officer who, in the discharge of his office, visits a
corporation, college, etc., to examine into the manner in which it is
conducted, and see that its laws and regulations are duly observed and
executed; as, the <i>visitation</i> of a diocese by a bishop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The object of a visit.</def>  [Obs.] "O flowers,
. . . my early <i>visitation</i> and my last."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Internat. Law)</i> <def>The act of a naval
commander who visits, or enters on board, a vessel belonging to another
nation, for the purpose of ascertaining her character and object, but
without claiming or exercising a right of searching the vessel. It is,
however, usually coupled with the <i>right of search</i> (see under
<u>Search</u>), visitation being used for the purpose of search.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Special dispensation; communication of divine
favor and goodness, or, more usually, of divine wrath and vengeance;
retributive calamity; retribution; judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What will ye do in the day of
<i>visitation</i>?</blockquote> <i>Isa. x. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A festival in honor of the visit
of the Virgin Mary to Elisabeth, mother of John the Baptist, celebrated on
the second of July.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The Order of the Visitation of Our Lady</b></col> <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i>, <cd>a religious community of nuns, founded at Annecy, in Savoy,
in 1610, and in 1808 established in the United States. In America these
nuns are devoted to the education of girls.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vis`it*a*to"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. LL.
<i>visitator</i> a bishop temporarily put in place of another.] <def>Of or
pertaining to visitation, or a judicial visitor or superintendent;
visitorial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An archdeacon has <i>visitatorial</i> power.</blockquote>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The queen, however, still had over the church a
<i>visitatorial</i> power of vast and undefined extent.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*site"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  See <u>Visit</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A light cape or short cloak of silk or lace worn
by women in summer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"it*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A visitor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"it*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> from
<u>Visit</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Visiting ant</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Driver
ant</i>, under <u>Driver</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Visiting book</b></col>,
<cd>a book in which a record of visits received, made, and to be made, is
kept.</cd> <i>Thackeray.</i> -- <col><b>Visiting card</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Card</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vis"it*or</hw> (?). [Cf. F. <i>visiteur</i>.] [Written also
<i>visiter</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who visits; one who comes or
goes to see another, as in civility or friendship.</def>  "This great flood
of <i>visitors</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A superior, or a person lawfully appointed for
the purpose, who makes formal visits of inspection to a corporation or an
institution.  See <u>Visit</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 2, and
<u>Visitation</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king is the <i>visitor</i> of all lay
corporations.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis`it*o"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Visitatorial</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>visif</i>, LL.
<i>visivus</i>.  See <u>Vision</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the sight;
visual.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I can not satisfy myself how men should be so little
surprised about this <i>visive</i> faculty.</blockquote>
<i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Visne</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>visn&eacute;</i>,
<i>veisin&eacute;</i>, <i>visnet</i>, neighborhood, LL. <i>vicinatus</i>,
fr. L. <i>vicunus</i> neighboring, a neighbor.  See <u>Vicinity</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Neighborhood; vicinity; venue.  See
<u>Venue</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"no*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contr. fr.
<i>physiognomy</i>.] <def>Face; countenance.</def>  [Colloq.]  <i>Spenser.
Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The mink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>visere</i>, F.
<i>visi&egrave;re</i>, fr. OF. <i>vis</i>.  See <u>Visage</u>,
<u>Vision</u>.] [Written also <i>visar</i>, <i>visard</i>, <i>vizard</i>,
and <i>vizor</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A part of a helmet, arranged so
as to lift or open, and so show the face. The openings for seeing and
breathing are generally in it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mask used to disfigure or disguise.</def>  "My
very <i>visor</i> began to assume life."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My weaker government since, makes you pull off the
<i>visor</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The fore piece of a cap, projecting over, and
protecting the eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"ored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a visor;
masked.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Visored</i> falsehood and base forgery.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vistas</b></plw> (#). [It., sight, view, fr. <i>vedere</i>, p. p.
<i>visto</i>, <i>veduto</i>, to see, fr. L. <i>videre</i>, <i>visum</i>.
See <u>View</u>, <u>Vision</u>.] <def>A view; especially, a view through or
between intervening objects, as trees; a view or prospect through an
avenue, or the like; hence, the trees or other objects that form the
avenue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The finished garden to the view<BR>
Its <i>vistas</i> opens, and its alleys green.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the groves of their academy, at the end of every
<i>vista</i>, you see nothing but the gallows.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The shattered tower which now forms a <i>vista</i> from his
window.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vista; a
prospect.</def>  [R.]  <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Through the long <i>visto</i> of a thousand
years.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vis"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>visualis</i>, from
<i>visus</i> a seeing, sight: cf. F. <i>visuel</i>.  See <u>Vision</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to sight; used in sight; serving
as the instrument of seeing; as, the <i>visual</i> nerve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The air,<BR>
Nowhere so clear, sharpened his <i>visual</i> ray.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That can be seen; visible.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Visual angle</b></col>. <i>(Opt.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Angle</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Visual cone</b></col> <i>(Persp.)</i>, <cd>a
cone whose vertex is at the point of sight, or the eye.</cd> --
<col><b>Visual plane</b></col>, <cd>any plane passing through the point of
sight.</cd> -- <col><b>Visual point</b></col>, <cd>the point at which the
visual rays unite; the position of the eye.</cd> -- <col><b>Visual
purple</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>a photochemical substance, of a
purplish red color, contained in the retina of human eyes and in the eyes
of most animals. It is quickly bleached by light, passing through the
colors, red, orange, and yellow, and then disappearing.  Also called
<i>rhodopsin</i>, and <i>vision purple</i>.  See <u>Optography</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Visual ray</b></col>, <cd>a line from the eye, or point of
sight.</cd> -- <col><b>Visual white</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the
final product in the action of light on visual purple. It is reconverted
into visual purple by the regenerating action of the choroidal
epithelium.</cd> -- <col><b>Visual yellow</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>,
<cd>a product intermediate between visual purple and visual white, formed
in the photochemical action of light on visual purple.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vis"u*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make visual,
or visible; to see in fancy.</def>  [Written also <i>visualise</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No one who has not seen them [glaciers] can possibly
<i>visualize</i> them.</blockquote> <i>Lubbock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*taille</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Victuals</u>.]
<def>Food; victuals.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.  Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>vitalis</i>,
fr. <i>vita</i> life; akin to <i>vivere</i> to live.  See <u>Vivid</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Belonging or relating to life, either animal or
vegetable; as, <i>vital</i> energies; <i>vital</i> functions; <i>vital</i>
actions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contributing to life; necessary to, or
supporting, life; as, <i>vital</i> blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Do the heavens afford him <i>vital</i> food?</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>vital</i> virtue infused, and <i>vital</i>
warmth.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Containing life; living.</def>  "Spirits that
live throughout, <i>vital</i> in every part."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Being the seat of life; being that on which life
depends; mortal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dart flew on, and pierced a <i>vital</i>
part.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Very necessary; highly important;
essential.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A competence is <i>vital</i> to content.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Capable of living; in a state to live;
viable.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pythagoras and Hippocrates . . . affirm the birth of the
seventh month to be <i>vital</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Vital air</b></col>, <cd>oxygen gas; -- so called because
essential to animal life.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Vital capacity</b></col>
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the breathing capacity of the lungs; -- expressed by
the number of cubic inches of air which can be forcibly exhaled after a
full inspiration.</cd> -- <col><b>Vital force</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i>
<cd>See under <u>Force</u>. The vital forces, according to Cope, are nerve
force (<i>neurism</i>), growth force (<i>bathmism</i>), and thought force
(<i>phrenism</i>), all under the direction and control of the vital
principle. Apart from the phenomena of consciousness, vital actions no
longer need to be considered as of a mysterious and unfathomable character,
nor vital force as anything other than a form of physical energy derived
from, and convertible into, other well-known forces of nature.</cd> --
<col><b>Vital functions</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>those functions or
actions of the body on which life is directly dependent, as the circulation
of the blood, digestion, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Vital principle</b></col>,
<cd>an immaterial force, to which the functions peculiar to living beings
are ascribed.</cd> -- <col><b>Vital statistics</b></col>, <cd>statistics
respecting the duration of life, and the circumstances affecting its
duration.</cd> -- <col><b>Vital tripod</b></col>. <i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Tripod</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vital vessels</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a name for latex tubes, now disused.  See <u>Latex</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vi"tal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vital part; one of the
vitals.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vi*tal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to life;
vital.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vi"tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
doctrine that all the functions of a living organism are due to an unknown
vital principle distinct from all chemical and physical forces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`tal*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
believer in the theory of vitalism; -- opposed to
<i>physicist</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`tal*is"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or involving, vitalism, or the theory of a special
vital principle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tal"i*ty</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vitalitas</i>: cf. F. <i>vitalit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state
of being vital; the principle of life; vital force; animation; as, the
<i>vitality</i> of eggs or vegetable seeds; the <i>vitality</i> of an
enterprise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`tal*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of vitalizing, or infusing the vital principle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"tal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vitalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vitalizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>vitaliser</i>.] <def>To endow with life,
or vitality; to give life to; to make alive; as, <i>vitalized</i>
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"tal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a vital
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"tals</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Organs that are necessary for life; more especially, the heart, lungs,
and brain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The part essential to the life or health
of anything; as, the <i>vitals</i> of a state.</def>  "The <i>vitals</i> of
the public body."  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vit"el*la*ry</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vitellus</i>
a little calf, the yolk of an egg.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Vitelline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit`el*lig"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Producing yolk, or vitelline substance; -- applied to certain cells
(also called <i>nutritive</i>, or <i>yolk</i>, <i>cells</i>) formed in the
ovaries of many insects, and supposed to supply nutriment to the developing
ova.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tel"lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Vitellus</u>.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An albuminous body, belonging to the class of
globulins, obtained from yolk of egg, of which it is the chief proteid
constituent, and from the seeds of many plants. From the latter it can be
separated in crystalline form.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1615 !></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tel"line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vitellus</i> the
yolk of an egg.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the yolk of eggs;
as, the <i>vitelline</i> membrane, a smooth, transparent membrane
surrounding the vitellus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tel"lo*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Vitellus</u>,
and <u>-gen</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A gland secreting the yolk of
the eggs in trematodes, turbellarians, and some other helminths.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi*tel"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., the yolk of an
egg.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The contents or substance of the
ovum; egg yolk.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ovum</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Perisperm in an early
condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"ti*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vitiated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vitiating</u>.] [L. <i>vitiatus</i>, p. p. <i>vitiare</i> to vitiate,
fr. <i>vitium</i> a fault, vice.  See <u>Vice</u> a fault.] [Written also
<i>viciate</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make vicious, faulty, or
imperfect; to render defective; to injure the substance or qualities of; to
impair; to contaminate; to spoil; as, exaggeration <i>vitiates</i> a style
of writing; sewer gas <i>vitiates</i> the air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A will <i>vitiated</i> and growth out of love with the truth
disposes the understanding to error and delusion.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Without care it may be used to <i>vitiate</i> our
minds.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This undistinguishing complaisance will <i>vitiate</i> the
taste of readers.</blockquote> <i>Garth.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to fail of effect, either wholly or in
part; to make void; to destroy, as the validity or binding force of an
instrument or transaction; to annul; as, any undue influence exerted on a
jury <i>vitiates</i> their verdict; fraud <i>vitiates</i> a
contract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`ti*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vitiatio</i>.]
<def>The act of vitiating, or the state of being vitiated; depravation;
corruption; invalidation; as, the <i>vitiation</i> of the blood; the
<i>vitiation</i> of a contract.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>vitiation</i> that breeds evil acts.</blockquote>
<i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tic"u*lose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>viticula</i>,
dim. of <i>vitis</i> vine.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having long and slender
trailing stems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit`i*cul"tur*al</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to viticulture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"i*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vitis</i> vine
+ E. <i>culture</i>.] <def>The cultivation of the vine; grape
growing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit`i*cul"tur*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One engaged in
viticulture.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vit`i*li"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of tetter,
fr. <i>vitium</i> blemish, vice.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A rare skin disease
consisting in the development of smooth, milk-white spots upon various
parts of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit`i*lit"i*gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vitilitigare</i> to quarrel disgracefully; <i>vitium</i> vice +
<i>litigare</i> to quarrel.] <def>To contend in law litigiously or
cavilously.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vit`i*lit`i*ga"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Cavilous
litigation; cavillation.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi`ti*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vitiositas</i>.
See <u>Vicious</u>.] <def>Viciousness; depravity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The perverseness and <i>vitiosity</i> of man's
will.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"tious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Vi"tious*ly</hw>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, <hw>Vi"tious*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Vicious</u>, <u>Viciously</u>, <u>Viciousness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a vine.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of plants including all true grapevines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"to*e</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Durukuli</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi*trel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., dim. of L.
<i>vitrum</i> glass.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the transparent
lenslike cells in the ocelli of certain arthropods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit`re-o-e*lec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Vitreous</u>, and <u>Electric</u>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Containing or
exhibiting positive, or vitreous, electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"re*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vitreous</i>, from
<i>vitrum</i> glass; perhaps akin to <i>videre</i> to see (see
<u>Vision</u>).  Cf. <u>Varnish</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting
of, or resembling, glass; glassy; as, <i>vitreous</i> rocks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to glass; derived from glass;
as, <i>vitreous</i> electricity.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vitreous body</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the vitreous humor.
See the Note under <u>Eye</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vitreous
electricity</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>the kind of electricity excited
by rubbing glass with certain substances, as silk; positive electricity; --
opposed to <i>resinous</i>, or <i>negative</i>, electricity.</cd> --
<col><b>Vitreous humor</b></col>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See the Note under
<u>Eye</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Vitreous sponge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of numerous species of siliceous sponges having, often fibrous,
glassy spicules which are normally six-rayed; a hexactinellid sponge.  See
<i>Venus's basket</i>, under <u>Venus</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vit"re*ous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being vitreous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tres"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being vitreous; glassiness, or the quality of being vitrescent;
capability of conversion into glass; susceptibility of being formed into
glass.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tres"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Vitreous</u>.]
<def>Capable of being formed into glass; tending to become glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tres"ci*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vitrescible</i>.] <def>That may be vitrified; vitrifiable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vitrum</i> glass.]
<def>Having the nature and qualities of glass; glasslike; -- distinguished
from <i>ceramic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit`ri*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Vitrification</u>.] <def>The act, art, or process of vitrifying; also,
the state of being vitrified.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit`ri*fac"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vitrum</i> glass + <i>facere</i>, <i>factum</i>, to make.] <def>The
manufacture of glass and glassware.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*fi`a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vitrifiable</i>.] <def>Capable of being vitrified, or converted into
glass by heat and fusion; as, flint and alkalies are
<i>vitrifiable</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*trif"i*ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Vitrifiable.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*fi*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convert
into glass; to vitrify.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vit`ri*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Vitrify</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Vitrifaction</u>.</def>  <i>Sir T. Browne.
Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Converted into
glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vitrum</i> glass +
<i>-form</i>.] <def>Having the form or appearance of glass; resembling
glass; glasslike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vitrified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vitrifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>vitrifier</i>; L. <i>vitrum</i> glass + <i>-
ficare</i> to make.  See <u>Vitreous</u>, <u>-fy</u>.] <def>To convert
into, or cause to resemble, glass or a glassy substance, by heat and
fusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To become glass; to be
converted into glass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Chymists make vessels of animal substances, calcined, which
will not <i>vitrify</i> in the fire.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vi*tri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>vitrum</i> glass.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of terrestrial
gastropods, having transparent, very thin, and delicate shells, -- whence
the name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vitriol</i>; cf. Pr.
<i>vitriol</i>, <i>vetriol</i>, Sp. &amp; Pg. <i>vitriolo</i>, It.
<i>vitriuolo</i>; fr. L. <i>vitreolus</i> of glass, <i>vitreus</i>
vitreous.  See <u>Vitreous</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
sulphate of any one of certain metals, as copper, iron, zinc, cobalt. So
called on account of the glassy appearance or luster.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sulphuric acid; -- called also <i>oil of
vitriol</i>. So called because first made by the distillation of green
vitriol.  See <i>Sulphuric acid</i>, under <u>Sulphuric</u>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Blue vitriol</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Blue</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Green vitriol</b></col>, <cd>ferrous sulphate; copperas.  See under
<u>Green</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Oil of vitriol</b></col>, <cd>sulphuric or
vitriolic acid; -- popularly so called because it has the consistency of
oil.</cd> -- <col><b>Red vitriol</b></col>, <cd>a native sulphate of
cobalt.</cd> -- <col><b>Vitriol of Mars</b></col>, <cd>ferric sulphate, a
white crystalline substance which dissolves in water, forming a red
solution.</cd> -- <col><b>White vitriol</b></col>, <cd>zinc sulphate, a
white crystalline substance used in medicine and in dyeing. It is usually
obtained by dissolving zinc in sulphuric acid, or by roasting and oxidizing
certain zinc ores. Formerly called also <i>vitriol of zinc</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vitriolated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vitriolating</u>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To
convert into, or change to, a vitriol; to make into sulphuric acid or a
sulphate.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To subject to the action of, or
impregnate with, vitriol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*o*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vitriolated.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*o*late</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A
sulphate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*o*la`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>
<def>Changed into a vitriol or a sulphate, or subjected to the action of
sulphuric acid or of a sulphate; as, <i>vitriolated</i> potash, <i>i.
e.</i>, potassium sulphate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit`ri*o*la"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>
<def>The act, process, or result of vitriolating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit`ri*ol"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vitriolique</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to vitriol;
derived from, or resembling, vitriol; vitriolous; as, a <i>vitriolic</i>
taste.  Cf. <u>Vitriol</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vitriolic acid</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>sulphuric acid.  See <u>Vitriol</u> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*ol*i`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of
being converted into a vitriol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit`ri*ol*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vitriolisation</i>.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>The act of vitriolizing, or
the state of being vitriolized; vitriolation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*ol*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vitrioliser</i>.] <def>To convert into a vitriol; to
vitriolate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tri"o*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Vitriolic</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vit"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vitrum</i> glass.]
<def>A kind of glass which is very hard and difficult to fuse, used as an
insulator in electrical lamps and other apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tru"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
<i>Vitruvius</i>, an ancient Roman architect.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vitruvian scroll</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a name given to a
peculiar pattern of scrollwork, consisting of convolved undulations. It is
used in classical architecture.</cd>  <i>Oxf. Gloss.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vit"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vitt&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>vitta</i> ribbon, fillet.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the oil tubes in the fruit of
umbelliferous plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A band, or stripe, of
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vittatus</i> bound
with a fillet, fr. <i>vitta</i> fillet.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Bearing or containing vitt&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Striped longitudinally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"u*line</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vitulinus</i>,
fr. <i>vitulus</i> a calf.  See <u>Veal</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a
calf or veal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tu"per*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vituperabilis</i>: cf. F. <i>vitup&eacute;rable</i>.] <def>Liable to, or
deserving, vituperation, or severe censure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tu"per*ate</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vituperatus</i>, p. p. of <i>vituperare</i> to blame, vituperate;
<i>vitium</i> a fault + <i>parare</i> to prepare.  See <u>Vice</u> a fault,
and <u>Pare</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To find fault with; to
scold; to overwhelm with wordy abuse; to censure severely or abusively; to
rate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tu`per*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vituperatio</i>: cf. OF. <i>vituperation</i>.  See <u>Vituperate</u>.]
<def>The act of vituperating; abuse; severe censure; blame.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a man becomes untractable and inaccessible by
fierceness and pride, then <i>vituperation</i> comes upon him.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tu"per*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Uttering or
writing censure; containing, or characterized by, abuse; scolding;
abusive.</def>  -- <wf>Vi*tu"per*a*tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vituperative</i> appellations derived from their real or
supposed ill qualities.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi*tu"per*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One who
vituperates, or censures abusively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi`tu*per"ri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worthy of
vituperation; shameful; disgraceful.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Vi*va"ce</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Brisk; vivacious; with spirit; -- a direction to perform a passage in
a brisk and lively manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*va"cious</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>v&iacute;vax</i>, <i>-acis</i>, fr. <i>vivere</i> to live.  See
<u>Vivid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having vigorous powers of life;
tenacious of life; long-lived.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hitherto the English bishops have been <i>vivacious</i>
almost to wonder. . . . But five died for the first twenty years of her
[Queen Elizabeth's] reign.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The faith of Christianity is far more <i>vivacious</i> than
any mere ravishment of the imagination can ever be.</blockquote> <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sprightly in temper or conduct; lively; merry;
as, a <i>vivacious</i> poet.</def>  "<i>Vivacious</i> nonsense."  <i>V.
Knox.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Living through the winter, or from
year to year; perennial.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sprightly; active; animated; sportive; gay; merry;
jocund; light-hearted.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Vi*va"cious*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Vi*va"cious*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vi*vac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vivicitas</i>: cf.
F. <i>vivacit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or state of being
vivacious.</def>  Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Tenacity of life; vital force; natural
vigor.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>vivacity</i> of some of these pensioners is little
less than a miracle, they lived so long.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Life; animation; spiritedness; liveliness;
sprightliness; as, the <i>vivacity</i> of a discourse; a lady of great
<i>vivacity</i>; <i>vivacity</i> of countenance.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Liveliness; gayety.  See <u>Liveliness</u>.</p>

<p><hw>||Vi`van`di&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.  See
<u>Viand</u>.] <def>In Continental armies, especially in the French army, a
woman accompanying a regiment, who sells provisions and liquor to the
soldiers; a female sutler.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi*va"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Vivariums</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Vivaria</b></plw> (#). [L., fr.
<i>vivarius</i> belonging to living creatures, fr. <i>vivus</i> alive,
living.  See <u>Vivid</u>.] <def>A place artificially arranged for keeping
or raising living animals, as a park, a pond, an aquarium, a warren,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"va*ry</hw> (v&imacr;"v&adot;*r&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Vivaries</b></plw> (-r&ibreve;z). <def>A vivarium.</def>
"That . . . <i>vivary</i> of fowls and beasts."  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vi"va vo"ce</hw> (v>imac/"v&adot; v&omacr;"s&esl;). [L.] <def>By
word of mouth; orally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Viv"da</hw> (v&ibreve;v"d&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Vifda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vive</hw> (v&emacr;v). [F., imperative sing. pres. fr.
<i>vivre</i> to live, L. <i>vivere</i>.] <def>Long live, that is, success
to; as, <i>vive le roi</i>, long live the king; <i>vive la bagatelle</i>,
success to trifles or sport.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vive</hw> (v&imacr;v), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vivus</i>: cf. F.
<i>vif</i>.  See <u>Vivid</u>.] <def>Lively; animated; forcible.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vive"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a lively manner.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If I see a thing <i>vively</i> represented on the
stage.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vi"ven*cy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vivens</i>, p. pr.
of <i>vivere</i> to live.] <def>Manner of supporting or continuing life or
vegetation.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vi*ver"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a ferret.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of carnivores which comprises the
civets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*ver"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to the <i>Viverrid&aelig;</i>, or Civet
family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"vers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F. <i>vivres</i>, pl. of
<i>vivre</i>, orig., to live.] <def>Provisions; victuals.</def>  [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll join you at three, if the <i>vivers</i> can tarry so
long.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vives</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>vives</i>, F.
<i>avives</i> (cf. Sp. <i>abivas</i>, <i>adiva</i>) fr. Ar. <i>ad-
dh&imacr;ba</i>.  Cf. <u>Fives</u> vives.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A disease of
brute animals, especially of horses, seated in the glands under the ear,
where a tumor is formed which sometimes ends in suppuration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Viv"i*an*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called by Werner
after the English mineralogist F. G. <i>Vivian</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
hydrous phosphate of iron of a blue to green color, growing darker on
exposure. It occurs in monoclinic crystals, also fibrous, massive, and
earthy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Viv"id</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vividus</i>, from
<i>vivere</i> to life; akin to <i>vivus</i> living.  See <u>Quick</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Revive</u>, <u>Viand</u>, <u>Victuals</u>,
<u>Vital</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>True to the life; exhibiting the
appearance of life or freshness; animated; spirited; bright; strong;
intense; as, <i>vivid</i> colors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In dazzling streaks the <i>vivid</i> lightnings
play.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Arts which present, with all the <i>vivid</i> charms of
painting, the human face and human form divine.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Hobart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Forming brilliant images, or painting in lively
colors; lively; sprightly; as, a <i>vivid</i> imagination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Body is a fit workhouse for sprightly, <i>vivid</i>
faculties to exercise . . . themselves in.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Clear; lucid; bright; strong; striking; lively; quick;
sprightly; active.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Viv"id*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Viv"id*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vi*vid"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being vivid; vividness.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Vi*vif"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Vi*vif"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vivificus</i>: cf. F. <i>vivifique</i>.  See
<u>Vivify</u>.] <def>Giving life; reviving; enlivening.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vi*vif"i*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vivificatus</i>, p. p. <i>vivificare</i>.  See <u>Vivify</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give life to; to animate; to revive; to
vivify.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>vivificates</i> and actuates the whole
world.</blockquote> <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To bring back a metal to the
metallic form, as from an oxide or solution; to reduce.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Viv`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vivificatio</i>: cf. <i>vivification</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of vivifying, or the state of being vivified; restoration of life;
revival.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>One of the changes of
assimilation, in which proteid matter which has been transformed, and made
a part of the tissue or tissue cells, is endowed with life, and thus
enabled to manifest the phenomena of irritability, contractility,
etc.</def>  <i>McKendrick.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The act or process of
vivificating.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Viv"i*fi*ca*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Able or tending
to vivify, animate, or give life; vivifying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Viv"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vivified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vivifying</u> (?).] [F. <i>vivifier</i>, L. <i>vivificare</i>.  See
<u>Vivid</u>, <u>-fy</u>; cf. <u>Vivificate</u>.] <def>To endue with life;
to make to be living; to quicken; to animate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sitting on eggs doth <i>vivify</i>, not
nourish.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vi*vip"a*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.  See
<u>Viviparous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An artificial division of
vertebrates including those that produce their young alive; -- opposed to
<i>Ovipara</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Viv`i*par"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The quality or condition of being viviparous.</def>  <i>H.
Spencer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1616 !></p>

<p><hw>Vi*vip"a*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>viviparus</i>;
<i>vivus</i> alive + <i>parere</i> to bear, bring forth.  Cf.
<u>Viper</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Producing young in a living state, as
most mammals, or as those plants the offspring of which are produced alive,
either by bulbs instead of seeds, or by the seeds themselves germinating on
the plant, instead of falling, as they usually do; -- opposed to
<i>oviparous</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Viviparous fish</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Embiotocoid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Viviparous shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of operculated fresh-
water gastropods belonging to <i>Viviparus</i>, <i>Melantho</i>, and allied
genera. Their young, when born, have a well-developed spiral
shell.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vi*vip"a*rous*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>In
a viviparous manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*vip"a*rous*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The quality of being viviparous; viviparity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Viv"i*sect`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To perform
vivisection upon; to dissect alive.</def>  [Colloq.]  <i>Pop. Sci.
Monthly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Viv`i*sec"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vivus</i> alive
+ E. <i>section</i>: cf. F. <i>vivisection</i>.  See <u>Vivid</u>, and
<u>Section</u>.] <def>The dissection of an animal while alive, for the
purpose of making physiological investigations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Viv`i*sec"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to vivisection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Viv`i*sec"tion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who practices
or advocates vivisection; a vivisector.</def></p>

<p><hw>Viv`i*sec"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
vivisectionist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vix"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>fixen</i> a she-fox,
for <i>fyxen</i>, fem. of <i>fox</i>.  See <u>Fox</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A female fox.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cross, ill-tempered person; -- formerly used
of either sex, now only of a woman.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She was a <i>vixen</i> when she went to school.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vix"en*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
vixen; resembling a vixen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vix"en*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a vixen;
vixenish.</def>  <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Viz</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Contr. fr. <i>videlicet</i>.]
<def>To wit; that is; namely.</def></p>

<p><hw>Viz"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Visor</u>.] <def>A
mask; a visor.</def>  [Archaic] "A grotesque <i>vizard</i>."  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To mislead and betray them under the <i>vizard</i> of
law.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Viz"ard*ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing a vizard.</def>
[R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Viz*ca"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Viscacha</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Viz"ier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>wez&imacr;r</i>,
<i>waz&imacr;r</i>, properly, a bearer of burdens, a porter, from
<i>wazara</i> to bear a burden: cf. F. <i>vizir</i>, <i>visir</i>.  Cf.
<u>Alguazil</u>.] <def>A councilor of state; a high executive officer in
Turkey and other Oriental countries.</def>  [Written also <i>visier</i>,
<i>vizir</i>, and <i>vizer</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Grand vizier</b></col>, <cd>the chief minister of the Turkish
empire; -- called also <i>vizier-azem</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Viz"ier*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vizirat</i>.]
<def>The office, dignity, or authority of a vizier.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi*zier`-a*zem"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>azam</i>
great.  See <u>Vizier</u>.] <def>A grand vizier.  See under
<u>Vizier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*zier"i*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vizirial</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or issued by, a vizier.</def>
[Written also <i>vizirial</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Vi*zir"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Vizier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Viz"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Visor</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vliss*ma"ki</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The diadem indris.  See <u>Indris</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>V" moth`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A common gray European
moth (<i>Halia vauaria</i>) having a <universbold>V</universbold>-shaped
spot of dark brown on each of the fore wings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo"ca*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vocabulum</i> an
appellation, designation, name, fr. <i>vocare</i> to call, fr. <i>vox</i>,
<i>vocis</i>, a voice, a word: cf. F. <i>vocable</i>.  See <u>Voice</u>.]
<def>A word; a term; a name; specifically, a word considered as composed of
certain sounds or letters, without regard to its meaning.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Swamped near to drowning in a tide of ingenious
<i>vocables</i>.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo*cab"u*la*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vocabularies</b></plw> (#). [LL. <i>vocabularium</i>,
<i>vocabularius</i>: cf. F. <i>vocabulaire</i>.  See <u>Vocable</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A list or collection of words arranged in
alphabetical order and explained; a dictionary or lexicon, either of a
whole language, a single work or author, a branch of science, or the like;
a word-book.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sum or stock of words employed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His <i>vocabulary</i> seems to have been no larger than was
necessary for the transaction of business.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo*cab"u*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vocabuliste</i>.] <def>The writer or maker of a vocabulary; a
lexicographer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vocalis</i>, fr.
<i>vox</i>, <i>vocis</i>, voice:  cf. F. <i>vocal</i>.  See <u>Voice</u>,
and cf. <u>Vowel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the
voice or speech; having voice; endowed with utterance; full of voice, or
voices.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To hill or valley, fountain, or fresh shade,<BR>
Made <i>vocal</i> by my song.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Uttered or modulated by the voice; oral; as,
<i>vocal</i> melody; <i>vocal</i> prayer.</def>  "<i>Vocal</i> worship."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a vowel or voice sound;
also, &?;poken with tone, intonation, and resonance; sonant; sonorous; --
said of certain articulate sounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Consisting
of, or characterized by, voice, or tone produced in the larynx, which may
be modified, either by resonance, as in the case of the vowels, or by
obstructive action, as in certain consonants, such as <i>v</i>, <i>l</i>,
etc., or by both, as in the nasals <i>m</i>, <i>n</i>, <i>ng</i>; sonant;
intonated; voiced.  See <u>Voice</u>, and <u>Vowel</u>, also <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 199-202.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of
or pertaining to a vowel; having the character of a vowel; vowel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vocal cords</b></col> or <col><b>chords</b></col>.
<i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>See <u>Larynx</u>, and the Note under <u>Voice</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Vocal fremitus</b></col> [L.
<i>fremitus</i> a dull roaring or murmuring] <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>the
perceptible vibration of the chest wall, produced by the transmission of
the sonorous vibrations during the act of using the voice.</cd> --
<col><b>Vocal music</b></col>, <cd>music made by the voice, in distinction
from <i>instrumental music</i>; hence, music or tunes set to words, to be
performed by the human voice.</cd> -- <col><b>Vocal tube</b></col>
<i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the part of the air passages above the inferior
ligaments of the larynx, including the passages through the nose and
mouth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vo"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vocal</i>, LL.
<i>vocalis</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A vocal sound; specifically, a
purely vocal element of speech, unmodified except by resonance; a vowel or
a diphthong; a tonic element; a tonic; -- distinguished from a
<i>subvocal</i>, and a <i>nonvocal</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A man who has a right to vote
in certain elections.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo*cal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vocalis</i> (sc.
<i>littera</i>) a vowel.  See <u>Vocal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Of
or pertaining to vowel sounds; consisting of the vowel sounds.</def>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Gaelic language being uncommonly
<i>vocalic</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo"cal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The exercise of the vocal organs; vocalization.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vocalic sound.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vo"cal*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vocaliste</i>.]
<def>A singer, or vocal musician, as opposed to an
<i>instrumentalist</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>vocalitas</i>
euphony.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being vocal;
utterableness; resonance; as, the <i>vocality</i> of the letters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being a vowel; vocalic
character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo`cal*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of vocalizing, or the state of being vocalized.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The formation and utterance of vocal
sounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo"cal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vocalized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vocalizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>vocaliser</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To form into voice; to make vocal or sonant; to give intonation or
resonance to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is one thing to give an impulse to breath alone, another
thing to <i>vocalize</i> that breath.</blockquote> <i>Holder.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To practice singing on the vowel
sounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo"cal*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a
vocal manner; with voice; orally; with audible sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In words; verbally; as, to express desires
<i>vocally</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo"cal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
vocal; vocality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vocatio</i> a
bidding, invitation, fr. <i>vocare</i> to call, fr. <i>vox</i>,
<i>vocis</i>, voice: cf. F. <i>vocation</i>.  See <u>Vocal</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A call; a summons; a citation; especially, a
designation or appointment to a particular state, business, or
profession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What can be urged for them who not having the
<i>vocation</i> of poverty to scribble, out of mere wantonness make
themselves ridiculous?</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destined or appropriate employment; calling;
occupation; trade; business; profession.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He would think his service greatly rewarded, if he might
obtain by that means to live in the sight of his prince, and yet practice
his own chosen <i>vocation</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir. P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Theol.)</i> <def>A calling by the will of
God.</def>  Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The bestowment of God's distinguishing grace
upon a person or nation, by which that person or nation is put in the way
of salvation; as, the <i>vocation</i> of the Jews under the old
dispensation, and of the Gentiles under the gospel.</def>  "The golden
chain of <i>vocation</i>, election, and justification."  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A call to special religious work, as to the
ministry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every member of the same [the Church], in his
<i>vocation</i> and ministry.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Voc"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vocativus</i>, fr.
<i>vocare</i> to call.] <def>Of or pertaining to calling; used in calling;
specifically <i>(Gram.)</i>, used in address; appellative; -- said of that
case or form of the noun, pronoun, or adjective, in which a person or thing
is addressed; as, <i>Domine</i>, O Lord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Voc"a*tive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vocativus</i> (sc.
<i>casus</i>): cf. F. <i>vocatif</i>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>The vocative
case.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo*cif"er*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vociferation;
noise; clamor.</def>  [R.]  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo*cif"er*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vociferans</i>,
p. pr.] <def>Noisy; clamorous.</def>  <i>Gauden. R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo*cif"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vociferatus</i>, p. p. <i>vociferari</i> to vociferate; <i>vox</i>,
<i>vocis</i>, voice + <i>ferre</i> to bear.  See <u>Voice</u>, and
<u>Bear</u> to carry.] <def>To cry out with vehemence; to exclaim; to bawl;
to clamor.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo*cif"er*ate</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vociferated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vociferating</u>.] <def>To utter with a loud voice; to shout
out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though he may <i>vociferate</i> the word
liberty.</blockquote> <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo*cif`er*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vociferatio</i>: cf. F. <i>vocif&eacute;ration</i>.] <def>The act of
vociferating; violent outcry; vehement utterance of the voice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Violent gesture and <i>vociferation</i> naturally shake the
hearts of the ignorant.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Plaintive strains succeeding the <i>vociferations</i> of
emotion or of pain.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo*cif"er*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
vociferates, or is clamorous.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vo*cif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vocif&egrave;re</i>.] <def>Making a loud outcry; clamorous; noisy; as,
<i>vociferous</i> heralds.</def>  -- <wf>Vo*cif"er*ous*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Vo*cif"er*ous*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Voc"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vocula</i>, dim. of
<i>vox</i>, <i>vocis</i>, voice.] <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A short or weak
utterance; a faint or feeble sound, as that heard on separating the lips in
pronouncing <i>p</i> or <i>b</i>.</def>  <i>Rush.</i> -- <wf>Voc"u*lar</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vo*da"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i>
<def>A supposed element, afterward found to be a mixture of several metals,
as copper, iron, lead, nickel, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vod"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.] <def>A Russian drink
distilled from rye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Voe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel <i>ver</i> sea,
<i>v&ouml;ar</i> a fenced-in landing place.] <def>An inlet, bay, or creek;
-- so called in the Orkney and Shetland Islands.</def>
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Vugg</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>vogue</i> a rowing,
vogue, fashion, It. <i>voga</i>, fr. <i>vogare</i> to row, to sail;
probably fr. OHG. <i>wag&?;n</i> to move, akin to E. <i>way</i>.  Cf.
<u>Way</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The way or fashion of people at any
particular time; temporary mode, custom, or practice; popular reception for
the time; -- used now generally in the phrase <i>in vogue</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>vogue</i>, one vein,<BR>
One air of thoughts usurps my brain.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever its <i>vogue</i> may be, I still flatter myself
that the parents of the growing generation will be satisfied with what
&?;&?; to be taught to their children in Westminster, in Eton, or in
Winchester.</blockquote> <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Use may revive the obsoletest words,<BR>
And banish those that now are most in <i>vogue</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Influence; power; sway.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Voice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vois</i>, <i>voys</i>,
OF. <i>vois</i>, <i>voiz</i>, F. <i>voix</i>, L. <i>vox</i>, <i>vocis</i>,
akin to Gr. &?; a word, &?; a voice, Skr. <i>vac</i> to say, to speak, G.
er<i>w&auml;hnen</i> to mention.  Cf. <u>Advocate</u>, <u>Advowson</u>,
<u>Avouch</u>, <u>Convoke</u>, <u>Epic</u>, <u>Vocal</u>, <u>Vouch</u>,
<u>Vowel</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sound uttered by the mouth,
especially that uttered by human beings in speech or song; sound thus
uttered considered as possessing some special quality or character; as, the
human <i>voice</i>; a pleasant <i>voice</i>; a low <i>voice</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He with a manly <i>voice</i> saith his message.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>voice</i> was ever soft,<BR>
Gentle, and low; an excellent thing in woman.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>voice</i> is music.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Join thy <i>voice</i> unto the angel choir.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Sound of the kind or quality
heard in speech or song in the consonants <i>b</i>, <i>v</i>, <i>d</i>,
etc., and in the vowels; sonant, or intonated, utterance; tone; --
distinguished from mere <i>breath</i> sound as heard in <i>f</i>, <i>s</i>,
<i>sh</i>, etc., and also <i>whisper</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Voice, in this sense, is produced by vibration of the so-called
vocal cords in the larynx (see <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Larynx</u>) which act
upon the air, not in the manner of the strings of a stringed instrument,
but as a pair of membranous tongues, or reeds, which, being continually
forced apart by the outgoing current of breath, and continually brought
together again by their own elasticity and muscular tension, break the
breath current into a series of puffs, or pulses, sufficiently rapid to
cause the sensation of tone. The <i>power</i>, or loudness, of such a tone
depends on the force of the separate pulses, and this is determined by the
pressure of the expired air, together with the resistance on the part of
the vocal cords which is continually overcome. Its <i>pitch</i> depends on
the number of a&euml;rial pulses within a given time, that is, on the
rapidity of their succession.  See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>,
&sect;&sect; 5, 146, 155.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The tone or sound emitted by anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After the fire a still small <i>voice</i>.</blockquote> <i>1
Kings xix. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Canst thou thunder with a <i>voice</i> like
him?</blockquote> <i>Job xl. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The floods have lifted up their <i>voice</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xciii. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O Marcus, I am warm'd; my heart<BR>
Leaps at the trumpet's <i>voice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The faculty or power of utterance; as, to
cultivate the <i>voice</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Language; words; speech; expression;
signification of feeling or opinion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I desire to be present with you now, and to change my
<i>voice</i>; for I stand in doubt of you.</blockquote> <i>Gal. iv.
20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>voice</i> is in my sword.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us call on God in the <i>voice</i> of his
church.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Opinion or choice expressed; judgment; a
vote.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sic</i>. How now, my masters! have you chose this
man?<BR>
1 <i>Cit</i>. He has our <i>voices</i>, sir.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some laws ordain, and some attend the choice<BR>
Of holy senates, and elect by <i>voice</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Command; precept; -- now chiefly used in
scriptural language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So shall ye perish; because ye would not be obedient unto
the <i>voice</i> of the Lord your God.</blockquote> <i>Deut. viii.
20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>One who speaks; a speaker.</def>  "A potent
<i>voice</i> of Parliament."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A particular mode of inflecting
or conjugating verbs, or a particular form of a verb, by means of which is
indicated the relation of the subject of the verb to the action which the
verb expresses.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Active voice</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>that form of the verb
by which its subject is represented as the agent or doer of the action
expressed by it.</cd> -- <col><b>Chest voice</b></col> <i>(Phon.)</i>,
<cd>a kind of voice of a medium or low pitch and of a sonorous quality
ascribed to resonance in the chest, or thorax; voice of the thick register.
It is produced by vibration of the vocal cords through their entire width
and thickness, and with convex surfaces presented to each other.</cd> --
<col><b>Head voice</b></col> <i>(Phon.)</i>, <cd>a kind of voice of high
pitch and of a thin quality ascribed to resonance in the head; voice of the
thin register; falsetto. In producing it, the vibration of the cords is
limited to their thin edges in the upper part, which are then presented to
each other.</cd> -- <col><b>Middle voice</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>that
form of the verb by which its subject is represented as both the agent, or
doer, and the object of the action, that is, as performing some act to or
upon himself, or for his own advantage.</cd> -- <col><b>Passive
voice</b></col>. <i>(Gram.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Passive</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Voice glide</b></col> <i>(Pron.)</i>,
<cd>the brief and obscure neutral vowel sound that sometimes occurs between
two consonants in an unaccented syllable (represented by the apostrophe),
as in <i>able</i> (a"b'l).  See <u>Glide</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd>
-- <col><b>Voice stop</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Voiced stop</i>, under
<u>Voiced</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>With one
voice</b></col>, <cd>unanimously.</cd>  "All <i>with one voice</i> . . .
cried out, Great is Diana of the Ephesians." <i>Acts xix. 34.</i></p>

<p><hw>Voice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Voiced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Voicing</u> (?).]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give utterance or expression to; to utter; to
publish; to announce; to divulge; as, to <i>voice</i> the sentiments of the
nation.</def>  "Rather assume thy right in silence and . . . then
<i>voice</i> it with claims and challenges."  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was <i>voiced</i> that the king purposed to put to death
Edward Plantagenet.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>To utter with sonant or vocal
tone; to pronounce with a narrowed glottis and rapid vibrations of the
vocal cords; to speak above a whisper.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fit for producing the proper sounds; to
regulate the tone of; as, to <i>voice</i> the pipes of an organ.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To vote; to elect; to appoint.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Voice</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To clamor; to cry
out.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Voiced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with a voice; expressed by the voice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Uttered with voice; pronounced
with vibrations of the vocal cords; sonant; -- said of a sound uttered with
the glottis narrowed.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Voiced stop</b></col>, <col><b>Voice stop</b></col>
<i>(Phon.)</i>, <cd>a stopped consonant made with tone from the larynx
while the mouth organs are closed at some point; a sonant mute, as
<i>b</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>g</i> hard.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1617 !></p>

<p><hw>Voice"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a voice or
vocal quality; having a loud voice or many voices; vocal;
sounding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Beheld the Iliad and the Odyssey<BR>
Rise to the swelling of the <i>voiceful</i> sea.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Voice"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
no voice, utterance, or vote; silent; mute; dumb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I live and die unheard,<BR>
With a most <i>voiceless</i> thought, sheathing it as a sword.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Not sounded with voice; as, a
<i>voiceless</i> consonant; surd.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Voiceless stop</b></col> <i>(Phon.)</i>, <cd>a consonant made
with no audible sound except in the transition to or from another sound; a
surd mute, as <i>p</i>, <i>t</i>, <i>k</i>.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Voice"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Voice"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Void</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>voide</i>, OF.
<i>voit</i>, <i>voide</i>, <i>vuit</i>, <i>vuide</i>, F. <i>vide</i>, fr.
(assumed) LL. <i>vocitus</i>, fr. L. <i>vocare</i>, an old form of
<i>vacare</i> to be empty, or a kindred word.  Cf. <u>Vacant</u>,
<u>Avoid</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Containing nothing; empty; vacant;
not occupied; not filled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The earth was without form, and <i>void</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. i. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll get me to a place more <i>void</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'll chain him in my study, that, at <i>void</i> hours,<BR>
I may run over the story of his country.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having no incumbent; unoccupied; -- said of
offices and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Divers great offices that had been long
<i>void</i>.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being without; destitute; free; wanting; devoid;
as, <i>void</i> of learning, or of common use.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A conscience <i>void</i> of offense toward God.</blockquote>
<i>Acts xxiv. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that is <i>void</i> of wisdom despiseth his
neighbor.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xi. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not producing any effect; ineffectual;
vain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[My word] shall not return to me <i>void</i>, but it shall
accomplish that which I please.</blockquote> <i>Isa. lv. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will make <i>void</i> the counsel of Judah.</blockquote>
<i>Jer. xix. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Containing no immaterial quality; destitute of
mind or soul.</def>  "Idol, <i>void</i> and vain."  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Of no legal force or effect,
incapable of confirmation or ratification; null.  Cf. <u>Voidable</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Void space</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a vacuum.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Empty; vacant; devoid; wanting; unfurnished; unsupplied;
unoccupied.</p>

<p><hw>Void</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An empty space; a
vacuum.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pride, where wit fails, steps in to our defense,<BR>
And fills up all the mighty <i>void</i> of sense.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Void</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Voided</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Voiding</u>.] [OF.
<i>voidier</i>, <i>vuidier</i>.  See <u>Void</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To remove the contents of; to make or leave vacant
or empty; to quit; to leave; as, to <i>void</i> a table.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Void</i> anon her place.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If they will fight with us, bid them come down,<BR>
Or <i>void</i> the field.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw or send out; to evacuate; to emit; to
discharge; as, to <i>void</i> excrements.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A watchful application of mind in <i>voiding</i>
prejudices.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With shovel, like a fury, <i>voided</i> out<BR>
The earth and scattered bones.</blockquote> <i>J. Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To render void; to make to be of no validity or
effect; to vacate; to annul; to nullify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After they had <i>voided</i> the obligation of the oath he
had taken.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was become a practice . . . to <i>void</i> the security
that was at any time given for money so borrowed.</blockquote>
<i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Void</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be emitted or
evacuated.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Void"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being voided, or evacuated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Capable of being avoided, or of
being adjudged void, invalid, and of no force; capable of being either
avoided or confirmed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If the metropolitan . . . grants letters of administration,
such administration is not, but <i>voidable</i> by sentence.</blockquote>
<i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>voidable</i> contract may be ratified and confirmed; to
render it null and of no effect, it must be <i>avoided</i>; a <i>void</i>
contract can not be ratified.</p>

<p><hw>Void"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of voiding, emptying, ejecting, or evacuating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A ejection from a
benefice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being void; vacancy, as of a
benefice which is without an incumbent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Evasion; subterfuge.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Void"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Emptied;
evacuated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Annulled; invalidated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having the inner part cut away, or
left vacant, a narrow border being left at the sides, the tincture of the
field being seen in the vacant space; -- said of a charge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Void"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, voids, &?;mpties, vacates, or annuls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tray, or basket, formerly used to receive or
convey that which is voided or cleared away from a given place; especially,
one for carrying off the remains of a meal, as fragments of food;
sometimes, a basket for containing household articles, as clothes,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Piers Plowman laid the cloth, and Simplicity brought in the
<i>voider</i>.</blockquote> <i>Decker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The cloth whereon the earl dined was taken away, and the
<i>voider</i>, wherein the plate was usually put, was set upon the
cupboard's head.</blockquote> <i>Hist. of Richard Hainam.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A servant whose business is to void, or clear
away, a table after a meal.</def>  [R.]  <i>Decker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>One of the ordinaries, much like
the flanch, but less rounded and therefore smaller.</def></p>

<p><hw>Void"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of one who, or that which, v&?;ids.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is voided; that which is ejected or
evacuated; a remnant; a fragment.</def>  [R.]  <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Voiding knife</b></col>, <cd>a knife used for gathering up
fragments of food to put them into a voider.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Void"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Receiving what is ejected
or voided.</def>  "How in our <i>voiding</i> lobby hast thou stood?"
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Void"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being void; &?;mptiness; vacuity; nullity; want of
substantiality.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Voir dire</hw> (?). [OF., to say the truth, fr. L. <i>verus</i>
true + <i>dicere</i> to say.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>An oath administered to a
witness, usually before being sworn in chief, requiring him to speak the
truth, or make true answers in reference to matters inquired of, to
ascertain his competency to give evidence.</def>  <i>Greenleaf. Ld.
Abinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Voi"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>vectura</i> a
carrying, conveying.  Cf. <u>Vettura</u>.] <def>A carriage.</def>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Voi"vode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Waywode</u>.</def>  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo*la"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>volare</i> to
fly.] <def>Apt or fit to fly.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Vo*la*dor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A flying fish of California
(<i>Exoc&oelig;tus Californicus</i>): -- called also <i>volator</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The Atlantic flying gurnard.  See under
<u>Flying</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo*lage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Light;
giddy.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They wroughten all their lust <i>volage</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo"lant</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>volans</i>, <i>-
antis</i>, p. pr. of <i>volare</i> to fly: cf. F. <i>volant</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Passing through the air upon wings, or as if upon
wings; flying; hence, passing from place to place; current.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>English silver now was current, and our gold <i>volant</i>
in the pope's court.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Nimble; light and quick; active; rapid.</def>
"His <i>volant</i> touch."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Represented as flying, or having
the wings spread; as, an eagle <i>volant</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Volant piece</b></col> <i>(Anc. Armor)</i>, <cd>an adjustable
piece of armor, for guarding the throat, etc., in a joust.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Vo*lan"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., prop., flying.]
<def>A cumbrous two-wheeled pleasure carriage used in Cuba.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`a*p&uuml;k"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Literally,
world's speech; the name of an artificial language invented by Johan Martin
Schleyer, of Constance, Switzerland, about 1879.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`a*p&uuml;k"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
conversant with, or who favors adoption of, Volap&uuml;k.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vola</i> the palm of
the hand, the sole of the foot.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Volery</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vol"a*tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>volatil</i>, L.
<i>volatilis</i>, fr. <i>volare</i> to fly, perhaps akin to <i>velox</i>
swift, E. <i>velocity</i>.  Cf. <u>Volley</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Passing through the air on wings, or by the buoyant force of the
atmosphere; flying; having the power to fly.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of wasting away, or of easily passing
into the a&euml;riform state; subject to evaporation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Substances which affect the smell with pungent or fragrant odors,
as musk, hartshorn, and essential oils, are called <i>volatile</i>
substances, because they waste away on exposure to the atmosphere. Alcohol
and ether are called <i>volatile</i> liquids for a similar reason, and
because they easily pass into the state of vapor on the application of
heat. On the contrary, gold is a <i>fixed</i> substance, because it does
not suffer waste, even when exposed to the heat of a furnace; and oils are
called <i>fixed</i> when they do not evaporate on simple exposure to the
atmosphere.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Light-hearted; easily affected by
circumstances; airy; lively; hence, changeable; fickle; as, a
<i>volatile</i> temper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You are as giddy and <i>volatile</i> as ever.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Volatile alkali</b></col>. <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Alkali</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Volatile liniment</b></col>, <cd>a liniment
composed of sweet oil and ammonia, so called from the readiness with which
the latter evaporates.</cd> -- <col><b>Volatile oils</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Essential oils</i>, under
<u>Essential</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vol"a*tile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>volatile</i>.]
<def>A winged animal; wild fowl; game.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>{<hw>Vol"a*tile*ness</hw>, <hw>Vol`a*til"i*ty</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>volatilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Quality or
state of being volatile; disposition to evaporate; changeableness;
fickleness.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Levity</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Vol"a*til*i`za*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>volatisable</i>.] <def>Capable of being volatilized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`a*til*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>volatilisation</i>.] <def>The act or process of volatilizing, or
rendering volatile; the state of being volatilized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"a*til*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Volatilized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Volatilizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>volatiliser</i>.] <def>To render
volatile; to cause to exhale or evaporate; to cause to pass off in
vapor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The water . . . dissolving the oil, and <i>volatilizing</i>
it by the action.</blockquote> <i>Sir I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vo*la"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Volador</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vol`-au`-vent"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A light puff paste, with a raised border, filled,
after baking, usually with a ragout of fowl, game, or fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"borth*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after
<i>Volborth</i>, who first discovered it.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A mineral
occurring in small six-sided tabular crystals of a green or yellow color.
It is a hydrous vanadate of copper and lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol*ca"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Volcanic.</def>
[R.]  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vol*can"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>volcanique</i>,
It. <i>vulcanico</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to a
volcano or volcanoes; as, <i>volcanic</i> heat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Produced by a volcano, or, more generally, by
igneous agencies; as, <i>volcanic</i> tufa.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Changed or affected by the heat of a
volcano.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Volcanic bomb</b></col>, <cd>a mass ejected from a volcano,
often of molten lava having a rounded form.</cd> -- <col><b>Volcanic
cone</b></col>, <cd>a hill, conical in form, built up of cinders, tufa, or
lava, during volcanic eruptions.</cd> -- <col><b>Volcanic foci</b></col>,
<cd>the subterranean centers of volcanic action; the points beneath
volcanoes where the causes producing volcanic phenomena are most
active.</cd> -- <col><b>Volcanic glass</b></col>, <cd>the vitreous form of
lava, produced by sudden cooling; obsidian.  See <u>Obsidian</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Volcanic mud</b></col>, <cd>fetid, sulphurous mud discharged by a
volcano.</cd> -- <col><b>Volcanic rocks</b></col>, <cd>rocks which have
been produced from the discharges of volcanic matter, as the various kinds
of basalt, trachyte, scoria, obsidian, etc., whether compact, scoriaceous,
or vitreous.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vol*can"ic*al*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Like a
volcano.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`can*ic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>volcanicit&eacute;</i>.] <def>Quality or state of being volcanic;
volcanic power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"can*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Volcanic power or
action; volcanicity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"can*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>volcaniste</i>,
<i>vulcaniste</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One versed in the history and
phenomena of volcanoes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who believes in the igneous, as opposed to
the aqueous, origin of the rocks of the earth's crust; a vulcanist.  Cf.
<u>Neptunist</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol*can"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Volcanic</u>,
and <u>Volcanicity</u>.] <def>The quality or state of being volcanic, or
volcanic origin; volcanicity.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vol`can*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
volcanizing, or the state of being volcanized; the process of undergoing
volcanic heat, and being affected by it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"can*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Volcanized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Volcanizing</u> (?).] [Cf. <u>Vulcanize</u>.] <def>To subject to, or
cause to undergo, volcanic heat, and to be affected by its
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol*ca"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Volcanoes</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>volcano</i>, <i>vulcano</i>, fr.
L. <i>Vulcanus</i> Vulkan, the god of fire.  See <u>Vulkan</u>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A mountain or hill, usually more or less conical in
form, from which lava, cinders, steam, sulphur gases, and the like, are
ejected; -- often popularly called a <i>burning mountain</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Volcanoes include many of the most conspicuous and lofty
mountains of the earth, as Mt. Vesuvius in Italy (4,000 ft. high), Mt. Loa
in Hawaii (14,000 ft.), Cotopaxi in South America (nearly 20,000 ft.),
which are examples of active volcanoes. The crater of a volcano is usually
a pit-shaped cavity, often of great size. The summit crater of Mt. Loa has
a maximum length of 13,000 ft., and a depth of nearly 800 feet. Beside the
chief crater, a volcano may have a number of subordinate craters.</p>

<p><hw>Vole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A deal at cards that
draws all the tricks.</def>  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vole</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>To win
all the tricks by a vole.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of micelike rodents belonging to <i>Arvicola</i> and
allied genera of the subfamily <i>Arvicolin&aelig;</i>. They have a thick
head, short ears, and a short hairy tail.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The water vole, or water rat, of Europe (<i>Arvicola
amphibius</i>) is a common large aquatic species. The short-tailed field
vole (<i>A. agrestis</i>) of Northern and Central Europe, and Asia, the
Southern field vole (<i>A. arvalis</i>), and the Siberian root vole (<i>A.
&oelig;conomus</i>), are important European species. The common species of
the Eastern United States (<i>A. riparius</i>) (called also <i>meadow
mouse</i>) and the prairie mouse (<i>A. austerus</i>) are abundant, and
often injurious to vegetation. Other species are found in Canada.</p>

<p><hw>Vol"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>volerie</i> a flying,
<i>voli&egrave;re</i> a large bird cage, fr. <i>voler</i> to fly, L.
<i>volare</i>.  See <u>Volatile</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flight of birds.</def>  [R.]
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A large bird cage; an aviary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Volge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vulgus</i>.] <def>The
common sort of people; the crowd; the mob.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vol"i*ta*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Volatilizable.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vol`i*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>volitare</i>,
<i>volitatum</i>, to fly to and fro, v. freq. from <i>volare</i> to fly.]
<def>The act of flying; flight.</def>  [R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo*li"tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Volition</u>.]
<def>Exercising the will; acting from choice; willing, or having power to
will.</def>  "What I do, I do <i>volitient</i>, not obedient."  <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo*li"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>volo</i> I
will, <i>velle</i> to will, be willing.  See <u>Voluntary</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of willing or choosing; the act of forming
a purpose; the exercise of the will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Volition</i> is the actual exercise of the power the mind
has to order the consideration of any idea, or the forbearing to consider
it.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Volition</i> is an act of the mind, knowingly exerting
that dominion it takes itself to have over any part of the man, by
employing it in, or withholding it from, any particular
action.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The result of an act or exercise of choosing or
willing; a state of choice.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The power of willing or determining;
will.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Will; choice; preference; determination; purpose.  --
<u>Volition</u>, <u>Choice</u>. <i>Choice</i> is the familiar, and
<i>volition</i> the scientific, term for the same state of the will;
<i>viz.</i>, an "elective preference." When we have "made up our minds" (as
we say) to a thing, <i>i. e.</i>, have a settled state of choice respecting
it, that state is called an <i>immanent volition</i>; when we put forth any
particular act of choice, that act is called an <i>emanent</i>, or
<i>executive</i>, or <i>imperative</i>, volition.  When an <i>immanent</i>,
or settled state of, choice, is one which controls or governs a series of
actions, we call that state a <i>predominant</i> volition; while we give
the name of <i>subordinate</i> volitions to those particular acts of choice
which carry into effect the object sought for by the governing or
"predominant volition." See <u>Will</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Vo*li"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging or
relating to volition.</def>  "The <i>volitional</i> impulse."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vol"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Volition</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the will; originating in the
will; having the power to will.</def>  "They not only perfect the
intellectual faculty, but the <i>volitive</i>."  <i>Sir M. Hale.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Used in expressing a wish or
permission as, <i>volitive</i> proposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Volks"lied</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Volkslieder</b></plw> (#). [G.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A popular song,
or national air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Volleys</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>vol&eacute;e</i>; flight, a volley,
or discharge of several guns, fr. <i>voler</i> to fly, L. <i>volare</i>.
See <u>Volatile</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flight of missiles, as
arrows, bullets, or the like; the simultaneous discharge of a number of
small arms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fiery darts in flaming <i>volleys</i> flew.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each <i>volley</i> tells that thousands cease to
breathe.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A burst or emission of many things at once; as,
a <i>volley</i> of words.</def>  "This <i>volley</i> of oaths."  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Rattling nonsense in full <i>volleys</i>
breaks.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Tennis)</i> <def>A return of
the ball before it touches the ground.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A sending of the ball full to the top of the
wicket.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1618 !></p>

<p><col><b>Half volley</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Tennis)</i> <cd>A
return of the ball immediately after is has touched the ground.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Cricket)</i> <cd>A sending of the ball so that
after touching the ground it flies towards the top of the wicket.</cd>
<i>R. A. Proctor.</i> -- <col><b>On the volley</b></col>, <cd>at
random.</cd>  [Obs.]  "What we spake <i>on the volley</i> begins work."
<i>Massinger.</i> -- <col><b>Volley gun</b></col>, <cd>a gun with several
barrels for firing a number of shots simultaneously; a kind of
mitrailleuse.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vol"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Volleyed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Volleying</u>.] <def>To discharge with, or as with, a volley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"ley</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be
thrown out, or discharged, at once; to be discharged in a volley, or as if
in a volley; to make a volley or volleys.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Tennis)</i> <def>To return
the ball before it touches the ground.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<sd><i>(Cricket)</i></sd> <def>To send the ball full to the top of the
wicket.</def>  <i>R. A. Proctor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vol"leyed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Discharged with a
sudden burst, or as if in a volley; as, <i>volleyed</i> thunder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"ow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From the answer,
<i>Volo</i> I will, in the baptismal service. <i>Richardson (Dict.).</i>]
<def>To baptize; -- used in contempt by the Reformers.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Volt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>volte</i>; cf. It.
<i>volta</i>.  See <u>Vault</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>A circular tread; a gait by which
a horse going sideways round a center makes two concentric
tracks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Fencing)</i> <def>A sudden movement to avoid a
thrust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Volt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After Alessandro <i>Volta</i>, the
Italian electrician.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The unit of electro-motive force;
-- defined by the International Electrical Congress in 1893 and by United
States Statute as, that electro-motive force which steadily applied to a
conductor whose resistance is one ohm will produce a current of one
amp&egrave;re. It is practically equivalent to &frac1000x1434; the electro-
motive force of a standard Clark's cell at a temperature of 15&deg;
C.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vol"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Volte</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>volta</i> a turn, turning, a time.
See <u>Volt</u> a tread.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A turning; a time; -- chiefly
used in phrases signifying that the part is to be repeated one, two, or
more times; as, <i>una volta</i>, once.  <i>Seconda volta</i>, second time,
points to certain modifications in the close of a repeated
strain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"ta-e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to voltaic electricity, or voltaism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`ta-e`lec*trom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
instrument for the exact measurement of electric currents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"tage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Electric
potential or potential difference, expressed in volts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol*tag"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Volta</i>ic + <i>-
graphy</i>.] <def>In electrotypy, the act or art of copying, in metals
deposited by electrolytic action, a form or pattern which is made the
negative electrode.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vol*ta"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>volta&iuml;que</i>, It. <i>voltaico</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Alessandro <i>Volta</i>, who
first devised apparatus for developing electric currents by chemical
action, and established this branch of electric science; discovered by
<i>Volta</i>; as, <i>voltaic</i> electricity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to voltaism, or voltaic
electricity; as, <i>voltaic</i> induction; the <i>voltaic</i>
arc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; See the Note under <u>Galvanism</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Voltaic arc</b></col>, <cd>a luminous arc, of intense
brilliancy, formed between carbon points as electrodes by the passage of a
powerful voltaic current.</cd> -- <col><b>Voltaic battery</b></col>, <cd>an
apparatus variously constructed, consisting of a series of plates or pieces
of dissimilar metals, as copper and zinc, arranged in pairs, and subjected
to the action of a saline or acid solution, by which a current of
electricity is generated whenever the two poles, or ends of the series, are
connected by a conductor; a galvanic battery.  See <u>Battery</u>, 4.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, and Note.</cd> -- <col><b>Voltaic circuit</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Circuit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Voltaic couple</b></col> or
<col><b>element</b></col>, <cd>a single pair of the connected plates of a
battery.</cd> -- <col><b>Voltaic electricity</b></col>. <cd>See the Note
under <u>Electricity</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Voltaic pile</b></col>, <cd>a
kind of voltaic battery consisting of alternate disks of dissimilar metals,
separated by moistened cloth or paper.  See 5th <u>Pile</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Voltaic protection of metals</b></col>, <cd>the protection of a
metal exposed to the corrosive action of sea water, saline or acid liquids,
or the like, by associating it with a metal which is positive to it, as
when iron is galvanized, or coated with zinc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vol*tair"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>voltairien</i>.] <def>Of or relating to <i>Voltaire</i>, the French
author.</def>  <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vol*tair"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The theories or
practice of Voltaire.</def>  <i>J. Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vol"ta*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>volta&iuml;sme</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>That form of electricity
which is developed by the chemical action between metals and different
liquids; voltaic electricity; also, the science which treats of this form
of electricity; -- called also <i>galvanism</i>, from <i>Galvani</i>, on
account of his experiments showing the remarkable influence of this agent
on animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol*tam"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Volta</i>ic + <i>-
meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring the voltaic
electricity passing through it, by its effect in decomposing water or some
other chemical compound acting as an electrolyte.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"ta*plast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Volta</i>ic + Gr.
&?; molded.] <def>A form of voltaic, or galvanic, battery suitable for use
electrotyping.</def>  <i>G. Francis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vol"ta*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Volta</i>ic +
<i>type</i>.] <def>An electrotype.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Vol"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>imperative.</i></pos> [It., fr.
<i>voltare</i> to turn.  See <u>Volt</u> a tread.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Turn,
that is, turn over the leaf.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Volti subito</b></col> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>turn over
quickly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Vol`ti*geur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>voltiger</i> to vault, It. <i>volteggiare</i>.  See <u>Volt</u> a
tread.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tumbler; a leaper or vaulter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>One of a picked company of
irregular riflemen in each regiment of the French infantry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Volt"me`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [2d <i>volt</i> + <i>-
meter</i>.] <i>(elec.)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring in volts the
differences of potential between different points of an electrical
circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Voltz"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named in honor of
<i>Voltz</i>, a French engineer.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An oxysulphide of lead
occurring in implanted spherical globules of a yellowish or brownish color;
-- called also <i>voltzine</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Vo*lu"bi*late</hw> (?), <hw>Vol"u*bile</hw> (?)},
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Voluble</u>.] <def>Turning, or whirling;
winding; twining; voluble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`u*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>volubilitas</i>: cf. F. <i>volubilit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality or
state of being voluble (in any of the senses of the adjective).</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"u*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>volubilis</i>, fr.
<i>volvere</i>, <i>volutum</i>, to roll, to turn round; akin to Gr. &?; to
infold, to inwrap, &?; to roll, G. <i>welle</i> a wave: cf. F.
<i>voluble</i>.  Cf. F. <u>Well</u> of water, <u>Convolvulus</u>,
<u>Devolve</u>, <u>Involve</u>, <u>Revolt</u>, <u>Vault</u> an arch,
<u>Volume</u>, <u>Volute</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Easily rolling or turning; easily set in motion;
apt to roll; rotating; as, <i>voluble</i> particles of matter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moving with ease and smoothness in uttering
words; of rapid speech; nimble in speaking; glib; as, a flippant,
<i>voluble</i>, tongue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Cassio,] a knave very <i>voluble</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Voluble</i> was used formerly to indicate readiness of speech
merely, without any derogatory suggestion. "A grave and <i>voluble</i>
eloquence."  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Changeable; unstable; fickle.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having the power or habit of
turning or twining; as, the <i>voluble</i> stem of hop plants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Voluble stem</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a stem that climbs by
winding, or twining, round another body.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Vol"u*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Vol"u*bly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vol"ume</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., from L. <i>volumen</i> a
roll of writing, a book, volume, from <i>volvere</i>, <i>volutum</i>, to
roll.  See <u>Voluble</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A roll; a scroll; a
written document rolled up for keeping or for use, after the manner of the
ancients.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The papyrus, and afterward the parchment, was joined
together [by the ancients] to form one sheet, and then rolled upon a staff
into a <i>volume</i> (<i>volumen</i>).</blockquote> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a collection of printed sheets bound
together, whether containing a single work, or a part of a work, or more
than one work; a book; a tome; especially, that part of an extended work
which is bound up together in one cover; as, a work in four
<i>volumes</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An odd <i>volume</i> of a set of books bears not the value
of its proportion to the set.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything of a rounded or swelling form
resembling a roll; a turn; a convolution; a coil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So glides some trodden serpent on the grass,<BR>
And long behind wounded <i>volume</i> trails.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Undulating billows rolling their silver
<i>volumes</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Dimensions; compass; space occupied, as measured
by cubic units, that is, cubic inches, feet, yards, etc.; mass; bulk; as,
the <i>volume</i> of an elephant's body; a <i>volume</i> of gas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Amount, fullness, quantity, or
caliber of voice or tone.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Atomic volume</b></col>, <col><b>Molecular volume</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the ratio of the atomic and molecular weights divided
respectively by the specific gravity of the substance in question.</cd> --
<col><b>Specific volume</b></col> <i>(Physics &amp; Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
quotient obtained by dividing unity by the specific gravity; the reciprocal
of the specific gravity. It is equal (when the specific gravity is referred
to water at 4&deg; C. as a standard) to the number of cubic centimeters
occupied by one gram of the substance.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vol"umed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the form of a volume, or roil; as, <i>volumed</i>
mist.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The distant torrent's rushing sound<BR>
Tells where the <i>volumed</i> cataract doth roll.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having volume, or bulk; massive;
great.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`u*me*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>volumen</i>
volume + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring
the volume of a body, especially a solid, by means of the difference in
tension caused by its presence and absence in a confined portion of
air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`u*me*nom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem. &
Physics)</i> <def>The method or process of measuring volumes by means of
the volumenometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo*lu"me*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Volume</i> + <i>-
scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument consisting essentially of a
glass tube provided with a graduated scale, for exhibiting to the eye the
changes of volume of a gas or gaseous mixture resulting from chemical
action, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo*lu"me*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>volum&egrave;tre</i>.  See <u>Volumetric</u>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
instrument for measuring the volumes of gases or liquids by introducing
them into a vessel of known capacity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`u*met"ric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Volume</i> + <i>-
metric</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to the measurement of volume.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Volumetric analysis</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>that system of
the quantitative analysis of solutions which employs definite volumes of
standardized solutions of reagents, as measured by burettes, pipettes,
etc.; also, the analysis of gases by volume, as by the eudiometer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vol`u*met"ric*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Volumetric.</def>  -- <wf>Vol`u*met"ric*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vo*lu"mi*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>voluminosus</i>:
cf. F. <i>volumineux</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to volume or
volumes.</def>  Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Consisting of many folds, coils, or
convolutions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But ended foul in many a scaly fold,<BR>
<i>Voluminous</i> and vast.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Over which dusky draperies are hanging, and
<i>voluminous</i> curtains have long since fallen.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of great volume, or bulk; large.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> Consisting of many volumes or books; as, the
collections of Muratori are <i>voluminous</i>.</p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Having written much, or produced many volumes;
copious; diffuse; as, a <i>voluminous</i> writer.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Vo*lu"mi*nous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Vo*lu"mi*nous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vol"u*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who writes a
volume; an author.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vol"un*ta*ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a voluntary
manner; of one's own will; spontaneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"un*ta*ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being voluntary; spontaneousness; specifically, the quality or
state of being free in the exercise of one's will.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"un*ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>voluntarius</i>,
fr. <i>voluntas</i> will, choice, from the root of <i>velle</i> to will, p.
pr. <i>volens</i>; akin to E. <i>will</i>: cf. F. <i>volontaire</i>, Of.
also <i>voluntaire</i>.  See <u>Will</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Benevolent</u>, <u>Volition</u>, <u>Volunteer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Proceeding from the will; produced in or by an act of
choice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That sin or guilt pertains exclusively to <i>voluntary</i>
action is the true principle of orthodoxy.</blockquote> <i>N. W.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unconstrained by the interference of another;
unimpelled by the influence of another; not prompted or persuaded by
another; done of his or its own accord; spontaneous; acting of one's self,
or of itself; free.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our <i>voluntary</i> service he requires.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She fell to lust a <i>voluntary</i> prey.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Done by design or intention; intentional;
purposed; intended; not accidental; as, if a man kills another by lopping a
tree, it is not <i>voluntary</i> manslaughter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the will;
subject to, or regulated by, the will; as, the <i>voluntary</i> motions of
an animal, such as the movements of the leg or arm (in distinction from
<i>involuntary</i> motions, such as the movements of the heart); the
<i>voluntary</i> muscle fibers, which are the agents in voluntary
motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Endowed with the power of willing; as, man is a
<i>voluntary</i> agent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God did not work as a necessary, but a <i>voluntary</i>,
agent, intending beforehand, and decreeing with himself, that which did
outwardly proceed from him.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Free; without compulsion; according
to the will, consent, or agreement, of a party; without consideration;
gratuitous; without valuable consideration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to voluntaryism;
as, a <i>voluntary</i> church, in distinction from an established or state
church.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Voluntary affidavit</b></col> or <col><b>oath</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>an affidavit or oath made in extrajudicial matter.</cd> -
- <col><b>Voluntary conveyance</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a conveyance
without valuable consideration.</cd> -- <col><b>Voluntary escape</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the escape of a prisoner by the express consent of the
sheriff.</cd> -- <col><b>Voluntary jurisdiction</b></col>. <i>(Eng. Eccl.
Law)</i> <cd>See <i>Contentious jurisdiction</i>, under
<u>Contentious</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Voluntary waste</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i>
<cd>See <u>Waste</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Spontaneous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Vol"un*ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Voluntaries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
engages in any affair of his own free will; a volunteer.</def>  [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A piece played by a musician,
often extemporarily, according to his fancy; specifically, an organ solo
played before, during, or after divine service.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One who advocates
voluntaryism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"un*ta*ry*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>The principle of supporting a religious system and its institutions by
voluntary association and effort, rather than by the aid or patronage of
the state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`un*teer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>volontaire</i>.
See <u>Voluntary</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who enters into, or offers for, any service
of his own free will.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>One who enters into service
voluntarily, but who, when in service, is subject to discipline and
regulations like other soldiers; -- opposed to <i>conscript</i>;
specifically, a voluntary member of the organized militia of a country as
distinguished from the standing army.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A grantee in a voluntary
conveyance; one to whom a conveyance is made without valuable
consideration; a party, other than a wife or child of the grantor, to whom,
or for whose benefit, a voluntary conveyance is made.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vol`un*teer"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
volunteer or volunteers; consisting of volunteers; voluntary; as,
<i>volunteer</i> companies; <i>volunteer</i> advice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`un*teer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Volunteered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Volunteering</u>.] <def>To offer or bestow voluntarily, or without
solicitation or compulsion; as, to <i>volunteer</i> one's
services.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`un*teer"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To enter into, or
offer for, any service of one's own free will, without solicitation or
compulsion; as, he <i>volunteered</i> in that undertaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"u*pere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Envelop</u>.]
<def>A woman's cap.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo*lup"tu*a*ry</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Voluptuaries</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>voluptuarius</i> or
<i>voluptarius</i>, fr. <i>voluptas</i> pleasure.] <def>A voluptuous
person; one who makes his physical enjoyment his chief care; one addicted
to luxury, and the gratification of sensual appetites.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A good-humored, but hard-hearted,
<i>voluptuary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Sensualist; epicure.</p>

<p><hw>Vo*lup"tu*a*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Voluptuous;
luxurious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo*lup"tu*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. <i>voluptueux</i>,
L. <i>voluptuosus</i>, fr. <i>voluptas</i> pleasure, <i>volup</i>
agreeably, delightfully; probably akin to Gr. &?; to hope, &?; hope, and to
L. <i>velle</i> to wish.  See <u>Voluntary</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of delight or pleasure, especially that of the senses;
ministering to sensuous or sensual gratification; exciting sensual desires;
luxurious; sensual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Music arose with its <i>voluptuous</i> swell.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sink back into your <i>voluptuous</i> repose.</blockquote>
<i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Given to the enjoyments of luxury and pleasure;
indulging to excess in sensual gratifications.</def>  "The jolly and
<i>voluptuous</i> livers."  <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Softened with pleasure and <i>voluptuous</i>
life.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Vo*lup"tu*ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Vo*lup"tu*ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1619 !></p>

<p><hw>Vo*lup"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>volupt&eacute;</i> pleasure.  See <u>Voluptuous</u>.]
<def>Voluptuousness.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vo*lu"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Volutas</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Volut&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L.,
a spiral scroll.  See <u>Volute</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of large, handsome marine gastropods belonging to
<i>Voluta</i> and allied genera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`u*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>volutatio</i>,
from <i>volutare</i> to roll, wallow, verb freq. <i>volvere</i>,
<i>volutum</i>, to roll.] <def>A rolling of a body; a wallowing.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo*lute"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>volute</i> (cf. It.
<i>voluta</i>), L. <i>voluta</i>, from <i>volvere</i>, <i>volutum</i>, to
roll.  See <u>Voluble</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A spiral scroll which forms the
chief feature of the Ionic capital, and which, on a much smaller scale, is
a feature in the Corinthian and Composite capitals.  See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Capital</u>, also <u>Helix</u>, and <u>Stale</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A spiral turn, as in certain
shells.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any voluta.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Volute spiring</b></col>, <cd>a spring formed of a spiral scroll
of plate, rod, or wire, extended or extensible in the direction of the axis
of the coil, in which direction its elastic force is exerted and
employed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vo*lut"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a volute, or spiral
scroll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo*lu"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. LL. <i>volutio</i> an
arch, vault.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spiral turn or wreath.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A whorl of a spiral
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vol"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>volva</i>,
<i>vulva</i>, covering.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A saclike envelope of certain
fungi, which bursts open as the plant develops.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vol"vox</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of minute, pale-green, globular, organisms, about one fiftieth of an inch
in diameter, found rolling through water, the motion being produced by
minute colorless cilia. It has been considered as belonging to the
flagellate Infusoria, but is now referred to the vegetable kingdom, and
each globule is considered a colony of many individuals. The commonest
species is <i>Volvox globator</i>, often called <i>globe
animalcule</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vol"vu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>volvere</i> to turn about, to roll.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The spasmodic contraction of the intestines which causes colic.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any twisting or displacement of the intestines
causing obstruction; ileus.  See <u>Ileus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"yer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
lurcher.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Vo"mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a plowshare.]
<i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bone, or one of a pair of bones,
beneath the ethmoid region of the skull, forming a part a part of the
partition between the nostrils in man and other mammals.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pygostyle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo"mer*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the vomer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vom"i*ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. <i>vomere</i> to
throw up, vomit.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An abscess cavity
in the lungs.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An abscess in any other
parenchymatous organ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vom"i*cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From nux <i>vomica</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Brucine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vom"ic nut`</hw> (?). [Cf. F. <i>noix vomique</i>.] <def>Same as
<u>Nux vomica</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vom"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vomited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vomiting</u>.] [Cf. L. <i>vomere</i>, <i>vomitum</i>, and v. freq.
<i>vomitare</i>.  See <u>Vomit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To eject the
contents of the stomach by the mouth; to puke; to spew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vom"it</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
throw up; to eject from the stomach through the mouth; to disgorge; to
puke; to spew out; -- often followed by <i>up</i> or <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fish . . . <i>vomited</i> out Jonah upon the dry
land.</blockquote> <i>Jonah ii. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to eject from any hollow place; to belch
forth; to emit; to throw forth; as, volcanoes <i>vomit</i> flame, stones,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the sons of Vulcan, <i>vomit</i> smoke.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vom"it</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vomitus</i>, from
<i>vomere</i>, <i>vomitum</i>, to vomit; akin to Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>vam</i>,
Lith. <i>vemiti</i>.  Cf. <u>Emetic</u>, <u>Vomito</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Matter that is vomited; esp., matter ejected
from the stomach through the mouth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like <i>vomit</i> from his yawning entrails
poured.</blockquote> <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>That which excites vomiting; an
emetic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He gives your Hollander a <i>vomit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Black vomit</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Vomit nut</b></col>, <cd>nux vomica.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vom"it*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The spasmodic ejection of
matter from the stomach through the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo*mi"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vomitio</i>.]
<def>The act or power of vomiting.</def>  <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vom"i*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vomitif</i>.]
<def>Causing the ejection of matter from the stomach; emetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vo*mi"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>v&oacute;mito</i>,
fr. L. <i>vomitus</i>.  See <u>Vomit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The yellow fever in its worst form, when it is usually
attended with black vomit.  See <u>Black vomit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vom"i*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vomitorious</i>.]
<def>Causing vomiting; emetic; vomitive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vom"i*to*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Vomitories</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An emetic; a
vomit.</def>  <i>Harvey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [L. <i>vomitorium</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A
principal door of a large ancient building, as of an
amphitheater.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sixty-four <i>vomitories</i> . . . poured forth the immense
multitude.</blockquote> <i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vom`i*tu*ri"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vomiturition</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An ineffectual
attempt to vomit.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The vomiting of but
little matter; also, that vomiting which is effected with little
effort.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vond*si"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Vansire</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Voo"doo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>See
<u>Voodooism</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who practices voodooism; a negro
sorcerer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Voo"doo</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
voodooism, or a voodoo; as, <i>voodoo</i> incantations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Voo"doo*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably (through Creole
French <i>vaudoux</i> a negro sorcerer) fr. F. <i>Vaudois</i> Waldensian,
because the Waldenses were accused of sorcery.] <def>A degraded form of
superstition and sorcery, said to include human sacrifices and cannibalism
in some of its rites. It is prevalent among the negroes of Hayti, and to
some extent in the United States, and is regarded as a relic of African
barbarism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo*ra"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vorax</i>, <i>-
acis</i>, fr. <i>vorare</i> to devour; akin to Gr. &?; meat, food, &?; to
devour, Skr. <i>gar</i>.  Cf. <u>Devour</u>.] <def>Greedy in eating; very
hungry; eager to devour or swallow; ravenous; gluttonous; edacious;
rapacious; as, a <i>voracious</i> man or appetite; a <i>voracious</i> gulf
or whirlpool.</def> <i>Dampier.</i> -- <wf>Vo*ra"cious*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Vo*ra"cious*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vo*rac"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>voracitas</i>: cf.
F. <i>voracit&eacute;</i>.] <def>The quality of being voracious;
voraciousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo*rag"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>voraginosus</i>,
fr. <i>vorago</i> an abyss, fr. <i>vorare</i> to swallow up.]
<def>Pertaining to a gulf; full of gulfs; hence, devouring.</def>  [R.]
<i>Mallet.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vor"tex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Vortexes</b></plw> (#), L. <plw><b>Vortices</b></plw> (#). [L.
<i>vortex</i>, <i>vertex</i>, <i>-icis</i>, fr. <i>vortere</i>,
<i>vertere</i>, to turn.  See <u>Vertex</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A mass of fluid, especially of a liquid, having
a whirling or circular motion tending to form a cavity or vacuum in the
center of the circle, and to draw in towards the center bodies subject to
its action; the form assumed by a fluid in such motion; a whirlpool; an
eddy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Cartesian System)</i> <def>A supposed collection
of particles of very subtile matter, endowed with a rapid rotary motion
around an axis which was also the axis of a sun or a planet. Descartes
attempted to account for the formation of the universe, and the movements
of the bodies composing it, by a theory of vortices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of small Turbellaria belonging to <i>Vortex</i> and allied genera.  See
<i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vortex atom</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a hypothetical ring-
shaped mass of elementary matter in continuous vortical motion. It is
conveniently regarded in certain mathematical speculations as the typical
form and structure of the chemical atom.</cd> -- <col><b>Vortex
wheel</b></col>, <cd>a kind of turbine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vor"ti*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
vortex or vortexes; resembling a vortex in form or motion; whirling; as, a
<i>vortical</i> motion.</def>  -- <wf>Vor"ti*cal*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vor"ti*cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vorticelle</i>.
See <u>Vortex</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A vorticella.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vor`ti*cel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> E.
<plw><b>Vorticellas</b></plw> (&?;), L. <plw><b>Vorticell&aelig;</b></plw>
(&?;). [NL., dim. fr. L. <i>vortex</i>.  See <u>Vortex</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of ciliated Infusoria
belonging to <i>Vorticella</i> and many other genera of the family
<i>Vorticellid&aelig;</i>.  They have a more or less bell-shaped body with
a circle of vibrating cilia around the oral disk. Most of the species have
slender, contractile stems, either simple or branched.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vor"ti*cose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vorticosus</i>.]
<def>Vortical; whirling; as, a <i>vorticose</i> motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vor*tig"i*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Vertiginous</u>.] <def>Moving rapidly round a center; vortical.</def>
[R.]  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo"ta*ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Votary</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A woman who is a votary.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo"ta*rist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Votary</u>.]
<def>A votary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like a sad <i>votarist</i> in palmer's weed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo"ta*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From L. <i>votus</i>, p. p.
<i>vovere</i> to vow, to devote.  See <u>Vote</u>, <u>Vow</u>.]
<def>Consecrated by a vow or promise; consequent on a vow; devoted;
promised.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Votary</i> resolution is made equipollent to
custom.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo"ta*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Votaries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One devoted, consecrated, or engaged
by a vow or promise; hence, especially, one devoted, given, or addicted, to
some particular service, worship, study, or state of life.</def>  "You are
already love's firm <i>votary</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T was coldness of the <i>votary</i>, not the prayer, that
was in fault.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But thou, my <i>votary</i>, weepest thou?</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>votum</i> a vow, wish,
will, fr. <i>vovere</i>, <i>votum</i>, to vow: cf. F. <i>vote</i>.  See
<u>Vow</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ardent wish or desire; a vow; a prayer.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wish, choice, or opinion, of a person or a
body of persons, expressed in some received and authorized way; the
expression of a wish, desire, will, preference, or choice, in regard to any
measure proposed, in which the person voting has an interest in common with
others, either in electing a person to office, or in passing laws, rules,
regulations, etc.; suffrage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That by means of which will or preference is
expressed in elections, or in deciding propositions; voice; a ballot; a
ticket; as, a written <i>vote</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The freeman casting with unpurchased hand<BR>
The <i>vote</i> that shakes the turrets of the land.</blockquote>
<i>Holmes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Expression of judgment or will by a majority;
legal decision by some expression of the minds of a number; as, the
<i>vote</i> was unanimous; a <i>vote</i> of confidence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Votes, collectively; as, the Tory <i>vote</i>;
the labor <i>vote</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Casting vote</b></col>, <col><b>Cumulative vote</b></col>, etc.
<cd>See under <u>Casting</u>, <u>Cumulative</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vote</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Voted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Voting</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>voter</i>.] <def>To express or signify the mind,
will, or preference, either <i>viva voce</i>, or by ballot, or by other
authorized means, as in electing persons to office, in passing laws,
regulations, etc., or in deciding on any proposition in which one has an
interest with others.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>vote</i> for a duelist is to assist in the
prostration of justice, and, indirectly, to encourage the
crime.</blockquote> <i>L. Beecher.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>vote</i> on large principles, to <i>vote</i> honestly,
requires a great amount of information.</blockquote> <i>F. W.
Robertson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vote</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To choose
by suffrage; to elec&?;; as, to <i>vote</i> a candidate into
office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enact, establish, grant, determine, etc., by
a formal vote; as, the legislature <i>voted</i> the resolution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Parliament <i>voted</i> them one hundred thousand
pounds.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To declare by general opinion or common consent,
as if by a vote; as, he was <i>voted</i> a bore.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To condemn; to devote; to doom.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vot"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who votes; one who
has a legal right to vote, or give his suffrage; an elector; a suffragist;
as, an independent <i>voter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vot"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Vote</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Voting paper</b></col>, <cd>a form of ballot containing the
names of more candidates than there are offices to be filled, the voter
making a mark against the preferred names.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Vot"ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes a vow.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vo"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>votivus</i>, fr.
<i>votum</i> a vow: cf. F. <i>votif</i>.  See <u>Vow</u>.] <def>Given by
vow, or in fulfillment of a vow; consecrated by a vow; devoted; as,
<i>votive</i> offerings; a <i>votive</i> tablet.</def> "<i>Votive</i>
incense."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We reached a <i>votive</i> stone, that bears the name<BR>
Of Aloys Reding.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Embellishments of flowers and <i>votive</i>
garlands.</blockquote> <i>Motley.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Votive medal</b></col>, <cd>a medal struck in grateful
commemoration of some auspicious event.</cd> -- <col><b>Votive
offering</b></col>, <cd>an offering in fulfillment of a religious vow, as
of one's person or property.</cd></p>

<p>-- <wf>Vo"tive*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Vo"tive*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Vo"tress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A votaress.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vouch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vouched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vouching</u>.] [OE. <i>vouchen</i>, OF. <i>vochier</i> to call, fr. L.
<i>vocare</i> to call, fr. <i>vox</i>, <i>vocis</i>, voice.  See
<u>Voice</u>, and cf. <u>Avouch</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To call; to summon.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>[They] <i>vouch</i> (as I might say) to their aid the
authority of the writers.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Elyot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To call upon to witness; to obtest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vouch</i> the silent stars and conscious
moon.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To warrant; to maintain by affirmations; to
attest; to affirm; to avouch.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They made him ashamed to <i>vouch</i> the truth of the
relation, and afterwards to credit it.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To back; to support; to confirm; to
establish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Me damp horror chilled<BR>
At such bold words <i>vouched</i> with a deed so bold.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To call into court to warrant and
defend, or to make good a warranty of title.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>vouches</i> the tenant in tail, who <i>vouches</i>
over the common vouchee.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To obtest; declare; affirm; attest; warrant; confirm;
asseverate; aver; protest; assure.</p>

<p><hw>Vouch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bear
witness; to give testimony or full attestation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He will not believe her until the elector of Hanover shall
<i>vouch</i> for the truth of what she has . . . affirmed.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assert; to aver; to declare.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vouch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Warrant; attestation.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>vouch</i> of very malice itself.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vouch*ee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
person who is vouched, or called into court to support or make good his
warranty of title in the process of common recovery.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vouch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who vouches, or gives witness or full attestation, to anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will his <i>vouchers</i> vouch him no more?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The great writers of that age stand up together as
<i>vouchers</i> for one another's reputation.</blockquote>
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A book, paper, or document which serves to vouch
the truth of accounts, or to confirm and establish facts of any kind; also,
any acquittance or receipt showing the payment of a debt; as, the
merchant's books are his <i>vouchers</i> for the correctness of his
accounts; notes, bonds, receipts, and other writings, are used as
<i>vouchers</i> in proving facts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of
calling in a person to make good his warranty of title in the old form of
action for the recovery of lands.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
tenant in a writ of right; one who calls in another to establish his
warranty of title. In common recoveries, there may be a single
<i>voucher</i> or double <i>vouchers</i>.</def>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vouch"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A solemn
assertion.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vouch"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Voucher</u>, 3 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vouch*safe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vouchsafed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vouchsafing</u>.] [<i>Vouch</i> + <i>safe</i>, that is, to vouch or
answer for safety.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To condescend to grant; to concede; to
bestow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If ye <i>vouchsafe</i> that it be so.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall I <i>vouchsafe</i> your worship a word or
two?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not said by the apostle that God <i>vouchsafed</i> to
the heathens the means of salvation.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To receive or accept in condescension.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vouch*safe"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To condescend; to
deign; to yield; to descend or stoop.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vouchsafe</i>, O Lord, to keep us this day without
sin.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Vouchsafe</i>, illustrious Ormond, to behold<BR>
What power the charms of beauty had of old.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vouch*safe"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
vouchsafing, or that which is vouchsafed; a gift or grant in
condescension.</def>  <i>Glanvill.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vous`soir"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., akin to
<i>vo&ucirc;te</i> an arch, a vault.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of the
wedgelike stones of which an arch is composed.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1620 !></p>

<p><hw>Vow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vou</i>, OF. <i>vou</i>,
<i>veu</i>, <i>vo</i>, <i>vu</i>, F. <i>v&?;u</i>, from L. <i>votum</i>,
from <i>vovere</i>, to vow.  Cf. <u>Avow</u>, <u>Devout</u>,
<u>Vote</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A solemn promise made to God, or to some deity;
an act by which one consecrates or devotes himself, absolutely or
conditionally, wholly or in part, for a longer or shorter time, to some
act, service, or condition; a devotion of one's possessions; as, a
baptismal <i>vow</i>; a <i>vow</i> of poverty.</def>  "Nothing . . . that
may . . . stain my <i>vow</i> of Nazarite."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I pray thee, let me go and pay my <i>vow</i>.</blockquote>
<i>2 Sam. xv. 7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am combined by a sacred <i>vow</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a promise of fidelity; a pledge of
love or affection; as, the marriage <i>vow</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Knights of love, who never broke their <i>vow</i>;<BR>
Firm to their plighted faith.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vowing</u>.] [OE. <i>vouen</i>, OF. <i>vouer</i>, <i>voer</i>, F.
<i>vouer</i>, LL. <i>votare</i>.  See <u>Vow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give, consecrate, or dedicate to God, or to
some deity, by a solemn promise; to devote; to promise solemnly.</def>
"When thou <i>vowest</i> a vow unto God, defer not to pay it."  <i>Eccl. v.
4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Men] that <i>vow</i> a long and weary
pilgrimage.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To assert solemnly; to asseverate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vow</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a vow, or solemn
promise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Better is it that thou shouldest not <i>vow</i>, than that
thou shouldest <i>vow</i> and not pay.</blockquote> <i>Eccl. v. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vow"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>voyelle</i>, or an OF.
form without <i>y</i>, L. <i>vocalis</i> (sc. <i>littera</i>), from
<i>vocalis</i> sounding, from <i>vox</i>, <i>vocis</i>, a voice, sound.
See <u>Vocal</u>.] <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A vocal, or sometimes a whispered,
sound modified by resonance in the oral passage, the peculiar resonance in
each case giving to each several vowel its distinctive character or quality
as a sound of speech; -- distinguished from a <i>consonant</i> in that the
latter, whether made with or without vocality, derives its character in
every case from some kind of obstructive action by the mouth organs. Also,
a letter or character which represents such a sound.  See <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 5, 146-149.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the English language, the written vowels are <i>a</i>,
<i>e</i>, <i>i</i>, <i>o</i>, <i>u</i>, and sometimes <i>w</i> and
<i>y.</i> The spoken vowels are much more numerous.</p>

<p><col><b>Close vowel</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Close</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Vowel point</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Point</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Vow"el</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a vowel;
vocal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vow"eled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
vowels.</def>  [Written also <i>vowelled</i>.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vow"el*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of a
vowel.</def>  [R.] "The power [of <i>w</i>] is always <i>vowelish</i>."
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vow"el*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use of
vowels.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vow"el*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To give the
quality, sound, or office of a vowel to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vow"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes a
vow.</def>  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vow"-fel`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One bound by the
same vow as another.</def>  [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vox</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.  See <u>Voice</u>.] <def>A
voice.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vox humana</b></col> (&?;) [L., human voice] <i>(Mus.)</i>,
<cd>a reed stop in an organ, made to imitate the human voice.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Voy"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>veage</i>,
<i>viage</i>, OF. <i>veage</i>, <i>viage</i>, <i>veiage</i>, <i>voiage</i>,
F. <i>voyage</i>, LL. <i>viaticum</i>, fr. L. <i>viaticum</i> traveling
money, provision for a journey, from <i>viaticus</i> belonging to a road or
journey, fr. <i>via</i> way, akin to E. <i>way</i>.  See <u>Way</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Convey</u>, <u>Deviate</u>,
<u>Devious</u>, <u>Envoy</u>, <u>Trivial</u>, <u>Viaduct</u>,
<u>Viaticum</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, a passage either by sea or land; a
journey, in general; but not chiefly limited to a passing by sea or water
from one place, port, or country, to another; especially, a passing or
journey by water to a distant place or country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I love a sea <i>voyage</i> and a blustering
tempest.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So steers the prudent crane<BR>
Her annual <i>voyage</i>, borne on winds.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>voyage</i> of their life<BR>
Is bound in shallows and in miseries.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of traveling.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Nations have interknowledge of one another by <i>voyage</i>
into foreign parts, or strangers that come to them.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Course; way.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Voy"age</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Voyaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Voyaging</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>voyager</i>.] <def>To take a voyage;
especially, to sail or pass by water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A mind forever<BR>
<i>Voyaging</i> through strange seas of thought alone.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Voy"age</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To travel; to pass over;
to traverse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With what pain<BR>
[I] <i>voyaged</i> the unreal, vast, unbounded deep.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Voy"age*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>voyageable</i>.] <def>That may be sailed over, as water or air;
navigable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Voy"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>voyager</i>
traveling.] <def>One who voyages; one who sails or passes by sea or
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Voy`a`geur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>voyager</i>
to travel.  See <u>Voyage</u>.] <def>A traveler; -- applied in Canada to a
man employed by the fur companies in transporting goods by the rivers and
across the land, to and from the remote stations in the
Northwest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Voy"ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>See <u>Viol</u>, 2.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The block through which a messenger passes.</def>  [Written also
<i>viol</i>, and <i>voyal</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Vrai`sem`blance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The
appearance of truth; verisimilitude.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Vugg</hw>, <hw>Vugh</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>A cavity in a lode; -- called also
<i>vogle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>Vulcanus</i>,
<i>Volcanus</i>: cf. Skr. <i>ulk&amacr;</i> a firebrand, meteor.  Cf.
<u>Volcano</u>.] <i>(Rom. Myth.)</i> <def>The god of fire, who presided
over the working of metals; -- answering to the Greek
<i>Heph&aelig;stus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul*ca"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Vulcanius</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to Vulcan; made by Vulcan;
hence, of or pertaining to works in iron or other metals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ingenious allusions to the <i>Vulcanian</i> panoply which
Achilles lent to his feebler friend.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Volcanic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul*can"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to Vulcan; made by Vulcan; Vulcanian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to volcanoes; specifically,
relating to the geological theory of the Vulcanists, or
Plutonists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul`can*ic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Volcanicity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"can*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Volcanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"can*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A volcanist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"can*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hard rubber produced
by vulcanizing with a large proportion of sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul`can*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Vulcan</u>.] <def>The act or process of imparting to caoutchouc, gutta-
percha, or the like, greater elasticity, durability, or hardness by heating
with sulphur under pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"can*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Vulcanized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vulcanizing</u> (?).] <def>To change the properties of, as caoutchouc,
or India rubber, by the process of vulcanization.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vulcanized fiber</b></col>, <cd>paper, paper pulp, or other
fiber, chemically treated, as with metallic chlorides, so as to form a
substance resembling ebonite in texture, hardness, etc.</cd> <i>Knight.</i>
-- <col><b>Vulcanized rubber</b></col>, <cd>India rubber,
vulcanized.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vul"can*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, vulcanizes; esp., an apparatus for vulcanizing caoutchouc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul*ca"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A volcano.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vul`can*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Vulcan</u>,
and <u>-logy</u>.] <def>The science which treats of phenomena due to
plutonic action, as in volcanoes, hot springs, etc.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Vul"gar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vulgaris</i>, from
<i>vulgus</i> the multitude, the common people; of uncertain origin: cf. F.
<i>vulgaire</i>.  Cf. <u>Divulge</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the mass, or multitude, of
people; common; general; ordinary; public; hence, in general use;
vernacular.</def> "As common as any the most vulgar thing to sense. "  <i>
Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Things <i>vulgar</i>, and well-weighed, scarce worth the
praise.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It might be more useful to the English reader . . . to write
in our <i>vulgar</i> language.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Fell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mechanical process of multiplying books had brought the
New Testament in the <i>vulgar</i> tongue within the reach of every
class.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging or relating to the common people, as
distinguished from the cultivated or educated; pertaining to common life;
plebeian; not select or distinguished; hence, sometimes, of little or no
value.</def>  "Like the <i>vulgar</i> sort of market men."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men who have passed all their time in low and <i>vulgar</i>
life.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In reading an account of a battle, we follow the hero with
our whole attention, but seldom reflect on the<BR>
<i>vulgar</i> heaps of slaughter.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, lacking cultivation or refinement;
rustic; boorish; also, offensive to good taste or refined feelings; low;
coarse; mean; base; as, <i>vulgar</i> men, minds, language, or
manners.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Be thou familiar, but by no means
<i>vulgar</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Vulgar fraction</b></col>. <i>(Arith.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Fraction</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vul"gar</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vulgaire</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the common people; a vulgar person.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These vile <i>vulgars</i> are extremely proud.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The vernacular, or common language.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vul*ga"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vulgar person;
one who has vulgar ideas. Used also adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"gar*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vulgarisme</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Grossness; rudeness; vulgarity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vulgar phrase or expression.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fastidious taste will find offense in the occasional
<i>vulgarisms</i>, or what we now call "slang," which not a few of our
writers seem to have affected.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vul*gar"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>vulgarit&eacute;</i>, L. <i>vulgaritas</i> the multitude.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being vulgar; mean
condition of life; the state of the lower classes of society.</def>  <i>Sir
T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Grossness or clownishness of manners of
language; absence of refinement; coarseness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reprobate <i>vulgarity</i> of the frequenters of
Bartholomew Fair.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vul`gar*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or
process of making vulgar, or common.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"gar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Vulgarized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Vulgarizing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>vulgariser</i>, LL.
<i>vulgarizare</i>.] <def>To make vulgar, or common.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Exhortation <i>vulgarized</i> by low wit.</blockquote> <i>V.
Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vul"gar*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a vulgar
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"gar*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
vulgar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>vulgata</i>, from L.
<i>vulgatus</i> usual, common, p. p. of <i>vulgare</i> to make general, or
common, fr. <i>vulgus</i> the multitude: cf. F. <i>vulgate</i>.  See
<u>Vulgar</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>An ancient Latin version of the
Scripture, and the only version which the Roman Church admits to be
authentic; -- so called from its common use in the Latin Church.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The Vulgate was made by Jerome at the close of the 4th century.
The Old Testament he translated mostly from the Hebrew and Chaldaic, and
the New Testament he revised from an older Latin version. The Douay
version, so called, is an English translation from the Vulgate.  See
<u>Douay Bible</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Vul"gate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Vulgate, or the old Latin version of the Scriptures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul`ner*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being vulnerable; vulnerableness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"ner*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vulnerabilis</i>
wounding, injurious, from <i>vulnerare</i> to wound, <i>vulnus</i> a wound;
akin to Skr. <i>vra&?;a</i>: cf. F. <i>vuln&eacute;rable</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being wounded; susceptible of wounds
or external injuries; as, a <i>vulnerable</i> body.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Achilles was <i>vulnerable</i> in his heel; and there will
be wanting a Paris to infix the dart.</blockquote> <i>Dr. T.
Dwight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Liable to injury; subject to be affected
injuriously; assailable; as, a <i>vulnerable</i> reputation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His skill in finding out the <i>vulnerable</i> parts of
strong minds was consummate.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vul"ner*a*ble*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being vulnerable; vulnerability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"ner*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vulnearius</i>:
cf. F. <i>vuln&eacute;raire</i>.] <def>Useful in healing wounds; adapted to
the cure of external injuries; as, <i>vulnerary</i> plants or
potions.</def>  "Such <i>vulnerary</i> remedies." <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vuln&eacute;raire</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A vulnerary remedy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"ner*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [L. <i>vulneratus</i>,
p. p. of <i>vulnerare</i> to wound.] <def>To wound; to hurt.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vul`ner*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vulneratio</i>.] <def>The act of wounding, or the state of being
wounded.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Vul"ner*ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of wounds;
wounded.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Vul*nif"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Vul*nif"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vulnificus</i>; <i>vulnus</i> a wound +
<i>facere</i> to make.] <def>Causing wounds; inflicting wounds;
wounding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul*nose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having wounds;
vulnerose.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Vul"pes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a fox.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Carnivora including the
foxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"pic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an acid obtained from a
lichen (<i>Cetraria vulpina</i>) as a yellow or red crystalline substance
which on decomposition yields pulvinic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"pi*cide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vulpes</i> a fox +
<i>caedere</i> to kill.] <def>One who kills a fox, except in hunting; also,
the act of so killing a fox.</def>  [Written also <i>vulpecide</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Vul"pine</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vulpinus</i>,
from <i>vulpes</i> a fox.] <def>Of or pertaining to the fox; resembling the
fox; foxy; cunning; crafty; artful.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Vulpine phalangist</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an
Australian carnivorous marsupial (<i>Phalangista, or Trichosurus,
vulpina</i>); -- called also <i>vulpine phalanger</i>, and <i>vulpine
opossum</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Vul*pin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Vulpic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"pin*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
cunning like the fox; craft; artfulness.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He was without guile, and had no <i>vulpinism</i> at
all.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vul"pi*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called after
<i>Vulpino</i>, in Italy.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A scaly granular variety of
anhydrite of a grayish white color, used for ornamental purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
brush turkey (<i>Talegallus Lathami</i>) of Australia.  See <u>Brush
turkey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"ture</hw> (?; 135), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>vultur</i>, L.
<i>vultur</i>: cf. OF. <i>voltour</i>, F. <i>vautour</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of rapacious birds
belonging to <i>Vultur</i>, <i>Cathartes</i>, <i>Catharista</i>, and
various other genera of the family <i>Vulturid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In most of the species the head and neck are naked or nearly so.
They feed chiefly on carrion. The condor, king vulture, turkey buzzard, and
black vulture (<i>Catharista atrata</i>) are well known American species.
The griffin, lammergeir, and Pharaoh's chicken, or Egyptian vulture, are
common Old World vultures.</p>

<p><hw>Vul"tur*ine</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vulturinus</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to a vulture; resembling a
vulture in qualities or looks; as, the <i>vulturine</i> sea eagle
(<i>Gypohierax Angolensis</i>); <i>vulturine</i> rapacity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>vulturine</i> nose, which smells nothing but
corruption, is no credit to its possessor.</blockquote> <i>C.
Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vul"tur*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Vulturous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"tur*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being like a vulture; rapaciousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"tur*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a vulture;
rapacious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vulva</i>,
<i>volva</i>, from <i>volvere</i> to roll.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The external parts of the female
genital organs; sometimes, the opening between the projecting parts of the
external organs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The orifice of the oviduct
of an insect or other invertebrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"vi*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>vulva</i>,
<i>volva</i>, a wrapper + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Like a cleft
with projecting edges.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vul*vi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.  See <u>Vulva</u>,
and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the vulva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul`vo-u"ter*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining both to the vulva and the uterus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul`vo*vag"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Pertaining both to the vulva and the vagina.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vyce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Vise</u>.]
<i>(Coopering)</i> <def>A kind of clamp with gimlet points for holding a
barrel head while the staves are being closed around it.</def>
<i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vy"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Vie</u>.</def>  -- <wf>Vy"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1621 !></p>

<p><point26>W.</point26></p>

<p><hw>W</hw> (d&ubreve;b"'l &umacr;), <def>the twenty-third letter of the
English alphabet, is usually a consonant, but sometimes it is a vowel,
forming the second element of certain diphthongs, as in <i>few</i>,
<i>how</i>. It takes its written form and its name from the repetition of a
V, this being the original form of the Roman capital letter which we call
<i>U</i>. Etymologically it is most related to <i>v</i> and <i>u</i>.  See
V, and U. Some of the uneducated classes in England, especially in London,
confuse <i>w</i> and <i>v</i>, substituting the one for the other, as
<i>weal</i> for <i>veal</i>, and <i>veal</i> for <i>weal</i>; <i>wine</i>
for <i>vine</i>, and <i>vine</i> for <i>wine</i>, etc.  See <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 266-268.</def></p>

<p><hw>Waag</hw> (w&auml;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The grivet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Waa*hoo"</hw> (w&auml;*h&oomac;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The burning bush; -- said to be called after a quack
medicine made from it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wab"ble</hw> (w&obreve;b"b'l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. G.
<i>wabbeln</i> to wabble, and E. <i>whap</i>.  Cf. <u>Quaver</u>.] <def>To
move staggeringly or unsteadily from one side to the other; to vacillate;
to move the manner of a rotating disk when the axis of rotation is inclined
to that of the disk; -- said of a turning or whirling body; as, a top
<i>wabbles</i>; a buzz saw <i>wabbles</i>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Wab"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hobbling, unequal motion,
as of a wheel unevenly hung; a staggering to and fro.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wab"bly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to wabble;
wabbling.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wack"e</hw> (?), <hw>Wack"y</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>wacke</i>, MHG. <i>wacke</i> a large stone, OHG. <i>waggo</i> a pebble.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A soft, earthy, dark-colored rock or clay derived from
the alteration of basalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Woad</u>.]
<def>Woad.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wad</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of Scand. origin; cf. Sw.
<i>vadd</i> wadding, Dan <i>vat</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>watte</i>.  Cf.
<u>Wadmol</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A little mass, tuft, or bundle, as of hay or
tow.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: A little mass of some soft or
flexible material, such as hay, straw, tow, paper, or old rope yarn, used
for retaining a charge of powder in a gun, or for keeping the powder and
shot close; also, to diminish or avoid the effects of windage. Also, by
extension, a dusk of felt, pasteboard, etc., serving a similar
purpose.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A soft mass, especially of some loose, fibrous
substance, used for various purposes, as for stopping an aperture, padding
a garment, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wed hook</b></col>, <cd>a rod with a screw or hook at the end,
used for removing the wad from a gun.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wad</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Waded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wadding</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form into a mass, or wad, or into wadding;
as, to <i>wad</i> tow or cotton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To insert or crowd a wad into; as, to <i>wad</i>
a gun; also, to stuff or line with some soft substance, or wadding, like
cotton; as, to <i>wad</i> a cloak.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wad</hw>, <hw>Wadd</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An earthy oxide of manganese, or mixture of
different oxides and water, with some oxide of iron, and often silica,
alumina, lime, or baryta; black ocher. There are several varieties.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Plumbago, or black lead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wad"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wad</u> a little
mass.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wad, or the materials for wads; any pliable
substance of which wads may be made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any soft stuff of loose texture, used for
stuffing or padding garments; esp., sheets of carded cotton prepared for
the purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Waddled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Waddling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>wade</i>; cf. AS. <i>w&aelig;dlian</i>
to beg, from <i>wadan</i> to go.  See <u>Wade</u>.] <def>To walk with short
steps, swaying the body from one side to the other, like a duck or very fat
person; to move clumsily and totteringly along; to toddle; to stumble; as,
a child <i>waddles</i> when he begins to walk; a goose
<i>waddles</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She drawls her words, and <i>waddles</i> in her
pace.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wad"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To trample or tread down,
as high grass, by walking through it.</def>  [R.]  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wad"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
waddles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wad"dling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a waddling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Woad.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wade</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Waded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wading</u>.] [OE. <i>waden</i> to wade, to go, AS. <i>wadan</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>wada</i>, D. <i>waden</i>, OHG. <i>watan</i>, Icel.
<i>va&?;a</i>, Sw. <i>vada</i>, Dan. <i>vade</i>, L. <i>vadere</i> to go,
walk, <i>vadum</i> a ford.  Cf. <u>Evade</u>, <u>Invade</u>,
<u>Pervade</u>, <u>Waddle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go; to move forward.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When might is joined unto cruelty,<BR>
Alas, too deep will the venom <i>wade</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Forbear, and <i>wade</i> no further in this
speech.</blockquote> <i>Old Play.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To walk in a substance that yields to the feet;
to move, sinking at each step, as in water, mud, sand, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So eagerly the fiend . . . <BR>
With head, hands, wings, or feet, pursues his way,<BR>
And swims, or sinks, or <i>wades</i>, or creeps, or flies.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to move with difficulty or labor; to
proceed &?;lowly among objects or circumstances that constantly &?;inder or
embarrass; as, to <i>wade</i> through a dull book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>wades</i> through fumes, and gropes his
way.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king's admirable conduct has <i>waded</i> through all
these difficulties.</blockquote> <i>Davenant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wade</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pass or cross by wading;
as, he <i>waded</i> &?;he rivers and swamps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wade</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of wading.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wad"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, wades.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any long-legged bird that
wades in the water in search of food, especially any species of limicoline
or grallatorial birds; -- called also <i>wading bird</i>.  See
<i>Illust.</i> <i>g</i>, under <u>Aves</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wad"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Wade</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Wading bird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Wader</u>,
2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wad"mol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel.
<i>va&?;m&amacr;l</i> a woollen stuff, Dan <i>vadmel</i>.  Cf. <u>Wad</u> a
small mass, and <u>Woodmeil</u>.] <def>A coarse, hairy, woolen cloth,
formerly used for garments by the poor, and for various other
purposes.</def>  [Spelled also <i>wadmal</i>, <i>wadmeal</i>,
<i>wadmoll</i>, <i>wadmel</i>, etc.]  <i>Beck (Draper's Dict.). Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wad"set</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>wad</i> a pledge;
akin to Sw. <i>vad</i> a wager.  See <u>Wed</u>.] <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>A
kind of pledge or mortgage.</def>  [Written also <i>wadsett</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Wad"set*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who holds by a
wadset.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wad"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Wadies</b></plw> (#). [Ar. <i>w&amacr;d&imacr;</i> a valley, a
channel of a river, a river.] <def>A ravine through which a brook flows;
the channel of a water course, which is dry except in the rainy
season.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wae</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wave.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waeg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
kittiwake.</def>  [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wafre</i>, OF.
<i>waufre</i>, <i>qaufre</i>, F. <i>qaufre</i>; of Teutonic origin; cf. LG.
& D. <i>wafel</i>, G. <i>waffel</i>, Dan. <i>vaffel</i>, Sw.
<i>v&aring;ffla</i>; all akin to G. <i>wabe</i> a honeycomb, OHG.
<i>waba</i>, being named from the resemblance to a honeycomb. G.
<i>wabe</i> is probably akin to E. <i>weave</i>.  See <u>Weave</u>, and cf.
<u>Waffle</u>, <u>Gauffer</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A thin cake made of flour and
other ingredients.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wafers</i> piping hot out of the gleed.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The curious work in pastry, the fine cakes, <i>wafers</i>,
and marchpanes.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman's oaths are <i>wafers</i> -- break with
making</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A thin cake or piece of bread
(commonly unleavened, circular, and stamped with a crucifix or with the
sacred monogram) used in the Eucharist, as in the Roman Catholic
Church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An adhesive disk of dried paste, made of flour,
gelatin, isinglass, or the like, and coloring matter, -- used in sealing
letters and other documents.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wafer cake</b></col>, <cd>a sweet, thin cake.</cd> <i>Shak.</i>
-- <col><b>Wafer irons</b></col>, or <col><b>Wafer tongs</b></col>
<i>(Cookery)</i>, <cd>a pincher-shaped contrivance, having flat plates, or
blades, between which wafers are baked.</cd> -- <col><b>Wafer
woman</b></col>, <cd>a woman who sold wafer cakes; also, one employed in
amorous intrigues.</cd>  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"fer</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wafered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wafering</u>.]
<def>To seal or close with a wafer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"fer*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dealer in the cakes
called wafers; a confectioner.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waffle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>wafel</i>.  See
<u>Wafer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thin cake baked and then rolled; a
wafer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A soft indented cake cooked in a waffle
iron.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Waffle iron</b></col>, <cd>an iron utensil or mold made in two
parts shutting together, -- used for cooking waffles over a fire.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Waft</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wafted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wafting</u>.] [Prob. originally imp. &amp; p. p. of <i>wave</i>, v. t.  See
<u>Wave</u> to waver.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give notice to by waving
something; to wave the hand to; to beckon.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>But soft: who <i>wafts</i> us yonder?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to move or go in a wavy manner, or by
the impulse of waves, as of water or air; to bear along on a buoyant
medium; as, a balloon was <i>wafted</i> over the channel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gentle <i>wafting</i> to immortal life.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Speed the soft intercourse from soul to soul,<BR>
And <i>waft</i> a sigh from Indus to the pole.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to float; to keep from sinking; to
buoy.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This verb is regular; but <i>waft</i> was formerly som&?;times
used, as by Shakespeare, instead of <i>wafted</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Waft</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be moved, or to pass, on
a buoyant medium; to float.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And now the shouts <i>waft</i> near the
citadel.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waft</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wave or
current of wind.</def>  "Every<i>waft</i> of the air."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In this dire season, oft the whirlwind's wing<BR>
Sweeps up the burden of whole wintry plains<BR>
In one wide <i>waft</i>.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A signal made by waving something, as a flag, in
the air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An unpleasant flavor.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A knot, or stop, in the middle of
a flag.</def>  [Written also <i>wheft</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; A flag with a <i>waft</i> in it, when hoisted at the staff, or
half way to the gaff, means, a man overboard; at the peak, a desire to
communicate; at the masthead, "Recall boats."</p>

<p><hw>Waft"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Conveyance on a buoyant
medium, as air or water.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Boats prepared for <i>waftage</i> to and fro.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waft"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, wafts.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Charon,<BR>
Thou <i>wafter</i> of the soul to bliss or bane.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
FL.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A boat for passage.</def>  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waf"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of waving; a
wavelike motion; a waft.</def>  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An angry <i>wafture</i> of your hand.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wag</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wagging</u>.] [OE. <i>waggen</i>; probably of Scand. origin; cf. Sw.
<i>vagga</i> to rock a cradle, <i>vagga</i> cradle, Icel. <i>vagga</i>,
Dan. <i>vugge</i>; akin to AS. <i>wagian</i> to move, wag, <i>wegan</i> to
bear, carry, G. &amp; D. be<i>wegen</i> to move, and E. <i>weigh</i>.
&radic;136.  See <u>Weigh</u>.] <def>To move one way and the other with
quick turns; to shake to and fro; to move vibratingly; to cause to vibrate,
as a part of the body; as, to <i>wag</i> the head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No discerner durst <i>wag</i> his tongue in
censure.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every one that passeth thereby shall be astonished, and
<i>wag</i> his head.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xviii. 16.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Wag</i> expresses specifically the motion of the head and body
used in buffoonery, mirth, derision, sport, and mockery.</p>

<p><hw>Wag</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move
one way and the other; to be shaken to and fro; to vibrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The resty sieve <i>wagged</i> ne'er the more.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in action or motion; to move; to get
along; to progress; to stir.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"Thus we may see," quoth he, "how the world
<i>wags</i>."</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go; to depart; to pack oft.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will provoke him to 't, or let him
<i>wag</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wag</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of wagging; a shake; as, a <i>wag</i> of
the head.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [Perhaps shortened from <i>wag-halter</i> a rogue.]
<def>A man full of sport and humor; a ludicrous fellow; a humorist; a wit;
a joker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We wink at <i>wags</i> when they offend.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A counselor never pleaded without a piece of pack thread in
his hand, which he used to twist about a finger all the while he was
speaking; the <i>wags</i> used to call it the thread of his
discourse.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Wa*ga"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small East Indian wild cat (<i>Felis wagati</i>), regarded by some as a
variety of the leopard cat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wage</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Waged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Waging</u> (?).] [OE. <i>wagen</i>, OF. <i>wagier</i>, <i>gagier</i>, to
pledge, promise, F. <i>gager</i> to wager, lay, bet, fr. LL. <i>wadium</i>
a pledge; of Teutonic origin; cf. Goth. <i>wadi</i> a pledge,
ga<i>wadj&omacr;n</i> to pledge, akin to E. <i>wed</i>, G. <i>wette</i> a
wager.  See <u>Wed</u>, and cf. <u>Gage</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pledge; to hazard on the event of a contest;
to stake; to bet, to lay; to wager; as, to <i>wage</i> a dollar.</def>
<i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My life I never but as a pawn<BR>
To <i>wage</i> against thy enemies.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To expose one's self to, as a risk; to incur, as
a danger; to venture; to hazard.</def>  "Too weak to <i>wage</i> an instant
trial with the king."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To wake and <i>wage</i> a danger profitless.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To engage in, as a contest, as if by previous
gage or pledge; to carry on, as a war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> [He pondered] which of all his sons was fit<BR>
To reign and <i>wage</i> immortal war with wit.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The two are <i>waging</i> war, and the one triumphs by the
destruction of the other.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To adventure, or lay out, for hire or reward; to
hire out.</def>  [Obs.]  "Thou . . . must <i>wage</i> thy works for
wealth."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To put upon wages; to hire; to employ; to pay
wages to.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Abundance of treasure which he had in store, wherewith he
might <i>wage</i> soldiers.</blockquote> <i>Holinshed.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I would have them <i>waged</i> for their labor.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>To give security for the
performance of.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To wage battle</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>to give gage,
or security, for joining in the <i>duellum</i>, or combat.  See <i>Wager of
battel</i>, under <u>Wager</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> <i>Burrill.</i> -
- <col><b>To wage one's law</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>to give security to
make one's law.  See <i>Wager of law</i>, under <u>Wager</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Wage</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bind one's self; to
engage.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wage</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>wage</i>, <i>gage</i>,
guarantee, engagement.  See <u>Wage</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is staked or ventured; that for which
one incurs risk or danger; prize; gage.</def>  [Obs.] "That warlike
<i>wage</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That for which one labors; meed; reward;
stipulated payment for service performed; hire; pay; compensation; -- at
present generally used in the plural.  See <u>Wages</u>.</def>  "My day's
<i>wage</i>." <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> "At least I earned my <i>wage</i>."
<i>Thackeray.</i> "Pay them a <i>wage</i> in advance." <i>J. Morley.</i>
"The <i>wages</i> of virtue." <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By Tom Thumb, a fairy page,<BR>
He sent it, and doth him engage,<BR>
By promise of a mighty <i>wage</i>,<BR>
It secretly to carry.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our praises are our <i>wages</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Existing legislation on the subject of
<i>wages</i>.</blockquote> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Wage</i> is used adjectively and as the first part of
compounds which are usually self-explaining; as, <i>wage</i> worker, or
<i>wage</i>-worker; <i>wage</i>-earner, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Board wages</b></col>. <cd>See under 1st <u>Board</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Hire; reward; stipend; salary; allowance; pay;
compensation; remuneration; fruit.</p>

<p><hw>Wag"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Waggel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"gen*boom`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D., literally, wagon
tree.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A south African proteaceous tree (<i>Protea
grandiflora</i>); also, its tough wood, used for making wagon
wheels.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1622 !></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wager</i>,
<i>wajour</i>, OF. <i>wagiere</i>, or <i>wageure</i>, E. <i>gageure</i>.
See <u>Wage</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something deposited, laid, or hazarded on the
event of a contest or an unsettled question; a bet; a stake; a
pledge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Besides these plates for horse races, the <i>wagers</i> may
be as the persons please.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If any atheist can stake his soul for a <i>wager</i> against
such an inexhaustible disproportion, let him never hereafter accuse others
of credulity.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A contract by which two parties or
more agree that a certain sum of money, or other thing, shall be paid or
delivered to one of them, on the happening or not happening of an uncertain
event.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p>&fist; At common law a wager is considered as a legal contract which the
courts must enforce unless it be on a subject contrary to public policy, or
immoral, or tending to the detriment of the public, or affecting the
interest, feelings, or character of a third person. In many of the United
States an action can not be sustained upon any wager or bet.
<i>Chitty.</i>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That on which bets are laid; the subject of a
bet.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wager of battel</b></col>, or <col><b>Wager of battle</b></col>
<i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>the giving of gage, or pledge, for trying a cause
by single combat, formerly allowed in military, criminal, and civil causes.
In writs of right, where the trial was by champions, the tenant produced
his champion, who, by throwing down his glove as a gage, thus <i>waged</i>,
or stipulated, battle with the champion of the demandant, who, by taking up
the glove, accepted the challenge. The <i>wager of battel</i>, which has
been long in disuse, was abolished in England in 1819, by a statute passed
in consequence of a defendant's having waged his battle in a case which
arose about that period.  See <u>Battel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wager of
law</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the giving of gage, or sureties, by a
defendant in an action of debt, that at a certain day assigned he would
take a law, or oath, in open court, that he did not owe the debt, and at
the same time bring with him eleven neighbors (called <i>compurgators</i>),
who should avow upon their oaths that they believed in their consciences
that he spoke the truth.</cd> -- <col><b>Wager policy</b></col>.
<i>(Insurance Law)</i> <cd>See under <u>Policy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wagered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wagering</u>.]
<def>To hazard on the issue of a contest, or on some question that is to be
decided, or on some casualty; to lay; to stake; to bet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>wagered</i> with him<BR>
Pieces of gold 'gainst this which he wore.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a bet; to lay a
wager.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T was merry when<BR>
You <i>wagered</i> on your angling.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ger*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wagers, or
lays a bet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ger*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hazarding; pertaining to
the act of one who wagers.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wagering policy</b></col>. <i>(Com.)</i> <cd>See <i>Wager
policy</i>, under <u>Policy</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ges</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. plural</i></pos> in termination, but
<i>singular</i> in signification. [Plural of <i>wage</i>; cf. F.
<i>gages</i>, pl., wages, hire.  See <u>Wage</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>A compensation given to a hired person for services; price paid for
labor; recompense; hire.  See <u>Wage</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>wages</i> of sin is death.</blockquote> <i>Rom. vi.
23.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wages fund</b></col> <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i>, <cd>the aggregate
capital existing at any time in any country, which theoretically is
unconditionally destined to be paid out in wages. It was formerly held, by
Mill and other political economists, that the average rate of wages in any
country at any time depended upon the relation of the wages fund to the
number of laborers. This theory has been greatly modified by the discovery
of other conditions affecting wages, which it does not take into
account.</cd>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See under <u>Wage</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wag"gel</hw> (w&abreve;g"g&ebreve;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The young of the great black-backed gull (<i>Larus
marinus</i>), formerly considered a distinct species.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wag"ger*y</hw> (-g&etilde;r*&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Waggeries</b></plw> (#). [From <u>Wag</u>.] <def>The
manner or action of a wag; mischievous merriment; sportive trick or gayety;
good-humored sarcasm; pleasantry; jocularity; as, the <i>waggery</i> of a
schoolboy.</def>  <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A drollery and lurking <i>waggery</i> of
expression.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wag"gie</hw> (-g&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The pied
wagtail.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wag"gish</hw>  (-g&ibreve;sh), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Like a wag; mischievous in sport; roguish in
merriment or good humor; frolicsome.</def>  "A company of <i>waggish</i>
boys."  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Done, made, or laid in waggery or for sport;
sportive; humorous; as, a <i>waggish</i> trick.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Wag"gish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Wag"gish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wag"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Freq. of <i>wag</i>; cf.
D. <i>waggelen</i>, G. <i>wackeln</i>.] <def>To reel, sway, or move from
side to side; to move with a wagging motion; to waddle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why do you go nodding and <i>waggling</i> so?</blockquote>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wag"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Waggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Waggling</u> (?).] <def>To move frequently one way and the other; to
wag; as, a bird <i>waggles</i> his tail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wag"-hal`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Wag</i> +
<i>halter</i>.] <def>One who moves or wears a halter; one likely to be
hanged.</def>  [Colloq. &amp; Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I can tell you, I am a mad <i>wag-halter</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wag"ner*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
fluophosphate of magnesia, occurring in yellowish crystals, and also in
massive forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wag"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>wagen</i>. &radic;136.
See <u>Wain</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wheeled carriage; a vehicle on four wheels,
and usually drawn by horses; especially, one used for carrying freight or
merchandise.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States, light <i>wagons</i> are used for the
conveyance of persons and light commodities.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A freight car on a railway.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A chariot</def> [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The Dipper, or Charles's
Wain.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word and its compounds are often written with two g's
(<i>waggon</i>, <i>waggonage</i>, etc.), chiefly in England. The forms
<i>wagon</i>, <i>wagonage</i>, etc., are, however, etymologically
preferable, and in the United States are almost universally used.</p>

<p><col><b>Wagon boiler</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under <u>Boiler</u>,
3.</cd> -- <col><b>Wagon ceiling</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a
semicircular, or wagon-headed, arch or ceiling; -- sometimes used also of a
ceiling whose section is polygonal instead of semicircular.</cd> --
<col><b>Wagon master</b></col>, <cd>an officer or person in charge of one
or more wagons, especially of those used for transporting freight, as the
supplies of an army, and the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Wagon shoe</b></col>,
<cd>a skid, or shoe, for retarding the motion of a wagon wheel; a
drag.</cd> -- <col><b>Wagon vault</b></col>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See under
1st <u>Vault</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wag"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wagoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wagoning</u>.] <def>To transport in a wagon or wagons; as, goods are
<i>wagoned</i> from city to city.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wag"on</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wagon goods as a
business; as, the man <i>wagons</i> between Philadelphia and its
suburbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wag"on*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Money paid for carriage or conveyance in wagon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A collection of wagons; wagons,
collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wagonage</i>, provender, and a piece or two of
cannon.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wag"on*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who conducts a wagon; one whose business it is to drive a wagon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The constellation Charles's
Wain, or Ursa Major.  See <i>Ursa major</i>, under <u>Ursa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wag`on*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of pleasure
wagon, uncovered and with seats extended along the sides, designed to carry
six or eight persons besides the driver.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wag"on*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Wagonfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a wagon will hold;
enough to fill a wagon; a wagonload.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wag"on-head`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a top, or
head, shaped like the top of a covered wagon, or resembling in section or
outline an inverted <universbold>U</universbold>, thus &?;; as, a
<i>wagonheaded</i> ceiling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wag"on*load`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Wagonful</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wag"on-roofed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a roof, or
top, shaped like an inverted <universbold>U</universbold>; wagon-
headed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wag"on*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Conveyance by means of
a wagon or wagons.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wag"on*wright`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
wagons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wag"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of many species of Old World singing birds belonging to
<i>Motacilla</i> and several allied genera of the family
<i>Motacillid&aelig;</i>. They have the habit of constantly jerking their
long tails up and down, whence the name.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Field wagtail</b></col>, <cd>any one of several species of
wagtails of the genus <i>Budytes</i> having the tail shorter, the legs
longer, and the hind claw longer and straighter, than do the water
wagtails. Most of the species are yellow beneath. Called also <i>yellow
wagtail</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Garden wagtail</b></col>, <cd>the Indian
black-breasted wagtail (<i>Nemoricola Indica</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Pied
wagtail</b></col>, <cd>the common European water wagtail (<i>Motacilla
lugubris</i>).  It is variegated with black and white. The name is applied
also to other allied species having similar colors. Called also <i>pied
dishwasher</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wagtail flycatcher</b></col>, <cd>a true
flycatcher (<i>Sauloprocta motacilloides</i>) common in Southern Australia,
where it is very tame, and frequents stock yards and gardens and often
builds its nest about houses; -- called also <i>black fantail</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Water wagtail</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of several
species of wagtails of the restricted genus <i>Motacilla</i>. They live
chiefly on the shores of ponds and streams.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The American water thrush.  See <u>Water thrush</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood wagtail</b></col>, <cd>an Asiatic wagtail; (<i>Calobates
sulphurea</i>) having a slender bill and short legs.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wah</hw> (w&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The panda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa*ha"bee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>wah&amacr;bi</i>.]
<def>A follower of Abdel <i>Wahab</i> (b. 1691; d. 1787), a reformer of
Mohammedanism. His doctrines prevail particularly among the Bedouins, and
the sect, though checked in its influence, extends to most parts of Arabia,
and also into India.</def>  [Written also <i>Wahaby</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Waid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>weighed</i>.]
<def>Oppressed with weight; crushed; weighed down.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waif</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>waif</i>, <i>gaif</i>,
as adj., lost, unclaimed, <i>chose gaive</i> a waif, LL. <i>wayfium</i>,
<i>res vaivae</i>; of Scand. origin.  See <u>Waive</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law.)</i> <def>Goods found of which the
owner is not known; originally, such goods as a pursued thief threw away to
prevent being apprehended, which belonged to the king unless the owner made
pursuit of the felon, took him, and brought him to justice.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, anything found, or without an owner; that
which comes along, as it were, by chance.</def>  "Rolling in his mind old
<i>waifs</i> of rhyme."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wanderer; a castaway; a stray; a homeless
child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>waif</i><BR>
Desirous to return, and not received.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A waif.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wail</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>val</i> choice,
<i>velja</i> to choose, akin to Goth. <i>waljan</i>, G.
<i>w&auml;hlen</i>.] <def>To choose; to select.</def>  [Obs.]
"<i>Wailed</i> wine and meats."  <i>Henryson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wail</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wailed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wailing</u>.] [OE.
<i>wailen</i>, <i>weilen</i>, probably fr. Icel. <i>v&aelig;la</i>; cf.
Icel. <i>v&aelig;</i>, <i>vei</i>, woe, and E. <i>wayment</i>, also OE.
<i>wai</i>, <i>wei</i>, woe.  Cf. <u>Woe</u>.] <def>To lament; to bewail;
to grieve over; as, to <i>wail</i> one's death.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wail</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To express sorrow audibly;
to make mournful outcry; to weep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Therefore I will <i>wail</i> and howl.</blockquote>
<i>Micah i. 8.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Loud weeping; violent
lamentation; wailing.</def>  "The <i>wail</i> of the forest."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wail"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wails or
laments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wail"er*ess</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
wails.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wail"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sorrowful;
mournful.</def>  " Like <i>wailful</i> widows." <i>Spenser.</i>
"<i>Wailful</i> sonnets." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wail"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wailing
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wail"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lamentation; loud
weeping; wailing.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hacket.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wai"ment</hw> (?). <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Wayment</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wain</i>, AS.
<i>w&aelig;gn</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>wagen</i>, OHG. <i>wagan</i>, Icel. &
Sw. <i>vagn</i>, Dan. <i>vogn</i>, and E. <i>way</i>. <i>&?;</i>&?;&?;&?;.
See <u>Way</u>, <u>Weigh</u>, and cf. <u>Wagon</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A four-wheeled vehicle for the transportation of
goods, produce, etc.; a wagon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wardens see nothing but a <i>wain</i> of
hay.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Driving in ponderous <i>wains</i> their household goods to
the seashore.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A chariot.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>The Wain</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See <u>Charles's
Wain</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Wain rope</b></col>, <cd>a
cart rope.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wain"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
plowed or cultivated; arable; tillable.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wain"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wain</u>.]
<def>A finding of carriages, carts, etc., for the transportation of goods,
produce, etc.</def>  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wain"age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>See
<u>Gainage</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Wain"bote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Wain</i> +
<i>bote</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>See <u>Cartbote</u>.  See also the
Note under <u>Bote</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wain"scot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OD. <i>waeghe-schot</i>,
D. <i>wagen-schot</i>, a clapboard, fr. OD. <i>waeg</i>, <i>weeg</i>, a
wall (akin to AS. <i>wah</i>; cf. Icel. <i>veggr</i>) + <i>schot</i> a
covering of boards (akin to E. <i>shot</i>, <i>shoot</i>).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Oaken timber or boarding.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A wedge <i>wainscot</i> is fittest and most proper for
cleaving of an oaken tree.</blockquote> <i>Urquhart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Inclosed in a chest of <i>wainscot</i>.</blockquote> <i>J.
Dart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A wooden lining or boarding of
the walls of apartments, usually made in panels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of European moths of the family <i>Leucanid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; They are reddish or yellowish, streaked or lined with black and
white. Their larv&aelig; feed on grasses and sedges.</p>

<p><hw>Wain"scot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wainscoted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wainscoting</u>.] <def>To line with boards or panelwork, or as if with
panelwork; as, to <i>wainscot</i> a hall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Music soundeth better in chambers <i>wainscoted</i> than
hanged.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The other is <i>wainscoted</i> with looking-
glass.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wain"scot*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or occupation of covering or lining with boards in panel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The material used to wainscot a house, or the
wainscot as a whole; panelwork.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wain"wright`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Wagonwright</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wair</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A piece of
plank two yard&?; long and a foot broad.</def>  <i>Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wast</i>; originally,
growth, akin to AS. <i>weaxan</i> to grow; cf. AS. <i>w&aelig;stm</i>
growth.  See <u>Wax</u> to grow.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part of the human body which is immediately
below the ribs or thorax; the small part of the body between the thorax and
hips.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am in the <i>waist</i> two yards about.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the middle part of other bodies;
especially <i>(Naut.)</i>, that part of a vessel's deck, bulwarks, etc.,
which is between the quarter-deck and the forecastle; the middle part of
the ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A garment, or part of a garment, which covers
the body from the neck or shoulders to the waist line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A girdle or belt for the waist.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Waist anchor</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Sheet anchor</u>, 1, in the
Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Waist"band</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The band which encompasses the waist; esp., one on the upper part of
breeches, trousers, pantaloons, skirts, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sash worn by women around the waist.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Waist"cloth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
cloth or wrapper worn about the waist; by extension, such a garment worn
about the hips and passing between the thighs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A covering of canvas or tarpaulin
for the hammocks, stowed on the nettings, between the quarterdeck and the
forecastle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Waist"coat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
short, sleeveless coat or garment for men, worn under the coat, extending
no lower than the hips, and covering the waist; a vest.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A garment occasionally worn by women as a part of
fashionable costume.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>waistcoat</i> was a part of female attire as well as male
. . . It was only when the <i>waistcoat</i> was worn without a gown or
upper dress that it was considered the mark of a mad or profligate woman.
<i>Nares.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Vest</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Waist`coat*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One wearing a
waistcoat; esp., a woman wearing one uncovered, or thought fit for such a
habit; hence, a loose woman; strumpet.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Do you think you are here, sir,<BR>
Amongst your <i>waistcoateers</i>, your base wenches?</blockquote> <i>Beau.
& Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waist"coat*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fabric designed for
waistcoats; esp., one in which there is a pattern, differently colored
yarns being used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Waist"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
seaman, usually a green hand or a broken-down man, stationed in the waist
of a vessel of war.</def>  <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wait</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Waited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Waiting</u>.] [OE. <i>waiten</i>, OF. <i>waitier</i>, <i>gaitier</i>, to
watch, attend, F. <i>guetter</i> to watch, to wait for, fr. OHG.
<i>wahta</i> a guard, watch, G. <i>wacht</i>, from OHG. <i>wahh&emacr;n</i>
to watch, be awake. &radic;134.  See <u>Wake</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To watch; to observe; to take notice.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"But [unless] ye <i>wait</i> well and be privy,<BR>
I wot right well, I am but dead," quoth she.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To stay or rest in expectation; to stop or
remain stationary till the arrival of some person or event; to rest in
patience; to stay; not to depart.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the days of my appointed time will I <i>wait</i>, till
my change come.</blockquote> <i>Job xiv. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They also serve who only stand and <i>wait</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Haste, my dear father; 't is no time to
<i>wait</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1623 !></p>

<p><col><b>To wait on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To attend, as a servant; to perform services for;
as, to <i>wait on</i> a gentleman; <i>to wait on</i> the table.</cd>
"Authority and reason <i>on</i> her <i>wait</i>." <i>Milton.</i> "I must
<i>wait on</i> myself, must I?" <i>Shak.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To
attend; to go to see; to visit on business or for ceremony.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To follow, as a consequence; to await.</cd> "That
ruin that <i>waits on</i> such a supine temper." <i>Dr. H. More.</i>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To look watchfully at; to follow with the eye; to
watch.</cd> [R.] "It is a point of cunning <i>to wait upon</i> him with
whom you speak with your eye." <i>Bacon.</i> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <cd>To
attend to; to perform.</cd> "Aaron and his sons . . . shall <i>wait on</i>
their priest's office." <i>Num. iii. 10.</i> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>
<i>(Falconry)</i> <cd>To fly above its master, waiting till game is sprung;
-- said of a hawk.</cd> <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wait</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
stay for; to rest or remain stationary in expectation of; to await; as, to
<i>wait</i> orders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Awed with these words, in camps they still abide,<BR>
And <i>wait</i> with longing looks their promised guide.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To attend as a consequence; to follow upon; to
accompany; to await.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To attend on; to accompany; especially, to
attend with ceremony or respect.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He chose a thousand horse, the flower of all<BR>
His warlike troops, to <i>wait</i> the funeral.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Remorse and heaviness of heart shall <i>wait</i> thee,<BR>
And everlasting anguish be thy portion.</blockquote> <i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cause to wait; to defer; to postpone; -- said
of a meal; as, to <i>wait</i> dinner.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wait</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>waite</i>, <i>guaite</i>,
<i>gaite</i>, F. <i>guet</i> watch, watching, guard, from OHG.
<i>wahta</i>.  See <u>Wait</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of waiting; a delay; a halt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is a <i>wait</i> of three hours at the border Mexican
town of El Paso.</blockquote> <i>S. B. Griffin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ambush.</def>  "An enemy in <i>wait</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who watches; a watchman.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Hautboys, or oboes, played by town
musicians; not used in the singular.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Musicians who sing or play at night
or in the early morning, especially at Christmas time; serenaders; musical
watchmen.</def>  [Written formerly <i>wayghtes</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Hark! are the <i>waits</i> abroad?</blockquote> <i>Beau &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sound of the <i>waits</i>, rude as may be their
minstrelsy, breaks upon the mild watches of a winter night with the effect
of perfect harmony.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To lay wait</b></col>, <cd>to prepare an ambuscade.</cd> --
<col><b>To lie in wait</b></col>. <cd>See under 4th <u>Lie</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wait"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, waits; an attendant; a servant in attendance, esp. at
table.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>waiters</i> stand in ranks; the yeomen cry,<BR>
"Make room," as if a duke were passing by.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel or tray on which something is carried,
as dishes, etc.; a salver.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Coast waiter</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Coast</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Wait"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Wait</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>In waiting</b></col>, <cd>in attendance; as, lords <i>in
waiting</i>.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>Waiting gentlewoman</b></col>, <cd>a
woman who waits upon a person of rank.</cd> -- <col><b>Waiting
maid</b></col>, <col><b>Waiting woman</b></col>, <cd>a maid or woman who
waits upon another as a personal servant.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wait"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>By waiting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wait"ress</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female waiter or
attendant; a waiting maid or waiting woman.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Waive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Waive</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A waif; a castaway.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A woman put out of the
protection of the law.  See <u>Waive</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 3
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, and the Note.</def></p>

<p><hw>Waive</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Waived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Waiving</u>.] [OE.
<i>waiven</i>, <i>weiven</i>, to set aside, remove, OF. <i>weyver</i>,
<i>quesver</i>, to waive, of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <i>veifa</i> to wave,
to vibrate, akin to Skr. <i>vip</i> to tremble.  Cf. <u>Vibrate</u>,
<u>Waif</u>.] [Written also <i>wave</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To relinquish; to give up claim to; not to
insist on or claim; to refuse; to forego.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>waiveth</i> milk, and flesh, and all.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We absolutely do renounce or <i>waive</i> our own opinions,
absolutely yielding to the direction of others.</blockquote>
<i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To throw away; to cast off; to reject; to
desert.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To throw away;
to relinquish voluntarily, as a right which one may enforce if he
chooses.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>To desert; to
abandon.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term was applied to a woman, in the same sense as
<i>outlaw</i> to a man. A woman could not be <i>outlawed</i>, in the proper
sense of the word, because, according to Bracton, she was never <i>in
law</i>, that is, in a frankpledge or decennary; but she might be
<i>waived</i>, and held as abandoned.  <i>Burrill.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Waive</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To turn aside; to
recede.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>waive</i> from the word of Solomon.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waiv"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The act of
waiving, or not insisting on, some right, claim, or privilege.</def></p>

<p><hw>Waiv"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Waiver</u>.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wai"wode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Waywode</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wake</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Originally, an open space of
water s&?;rrounded by ice, and then, the passage cut through ice for a
vessel, probably of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <i>v&ouml;k</i> a hole,
opening in ice, Sw. <i>vak</i>, Dan. <i>vaage</i>, perhaps akin to E.
<i>humid</i>.] <def>The track left by a vessel in the water; by extension,
any track; as, the <i>wake</i> of an army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This effect followed immediately in the <i>wake</i> of his
earliest exertions.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Several humbler persons . . . formed quite a procession in
the dusty <i>wake</i> of his chariot wheels.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wake</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Waked</u> (?) or <u>Woke</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Waking</u>.] [AS. <i>wacan</i>, <i>wacian</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>waka</i>, OS. <i>wak&?;n</i>, D. <i>waken</i>, G. <i>wachen</i>, OHG.
<i>wahh&?;n</i>, Icel. <i>vaka</i>, Sw. <i>vaken</i>, Dan. <i>vaage</i>,
Goth. <i>wakan</i>, v. i., us<i>wakjan</i>, v. t., Skr. <i>v&amacr;jay</i>
to rouse, to impel. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  Cf. <u>Vigil</u>, <u>Wait</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Watch</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be or to continue awake; to watch; not to
sleep.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The father <i>waketh</i> for the daughter.</blockquote>
<i>Ecclus. xlii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though wisdom <i>wake</i>, suspicion sleeps.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not think any time, <i>waking</i> or sleeping, without
being sensible of it.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sit up late festive purposes; to hold a night
revel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The king doth <i>wake</i> to-night, and takes his rouse,<BR>
Keeps wassail, and the swaggering upspring reels.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be excited or roused from sleep; to awake; to
be awakened; to cease to sleep; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He infallibly <i>woke</i> up at the sound of the concluding
doxology.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.  </i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be exited or roused up; to be stirred up from
a dormant, torpid, or inactive state; to be active.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Gentle airs due at their hour<BR>
To fan the earth now <i>waked</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>wake</i>, my soul, to high desires.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wake</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
rouse from sleep; to awake.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The angel . . . came again and <i>waked</i> me.</blockquote>
<i>Zech. iv. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put in motion or action; to arouse; to
excite.</def>  "I shall <i>waken</i> all this company."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest fierce remembrance <i>wake</i> my sudden
rage.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Even Richard's crusade <i>woke</i> little interest in his
island realm.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bring to life again, as if from the sleep of
death; to reanimate; to revive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To second life<BR>
<i>Waked</i> in the renovation of the just.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To watch, or sit up with, at night, as a dead
body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
waking, or being awaked; also, the state of being awake.</def>  [Obs. or
Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Making such difference 'twixt <i>wake</i> and
sleep.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Singing her flatteries to my morning
<i>wake</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of forbearing sleep, especially for
solemn or festive purposes; a vigil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The warlike <i>wakes</i> continued all the night,<BR>
And funeral games played at new returning light.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wood nymphs, decked with daises trim,<BR>
Their merry <i>wakes</i> and pastimes keep.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Ch. of
Eng.)</i> <def>An annual parish festival formerly held in commemoration of
the dedication of a church. Originally, prayers were said on the evening
preceding, and hymns were sung during the night, in the church;
subsequently, these vigils were discontinued, and the day itself, often
with succeeding days, was occupied in rural pastimes and exercises,
attended by eating and drinking, often to excess.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great solemnities were made in all churches, and great fairs
and <i>wakes</i> throughout all England.</blockquote> <i>Ld.
Berners.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And every village smokes at <i>wakes</i> with lusty
cheer.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The sitting up of persons with a dead body,
often attended with a degree of festivity, chiefly among the Irish.</def>
"Blithe as shepherd at a <i>wake</i>."  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wake play</b></col>, <cd>the ceremonies and pastimes connected
with a wake.  See <u>Wake</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>,
above.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wake"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not sleeping;
indisposed to sleep; watchful; vigilant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dissembling sleep, but <i>wakeful</i> with the
fright.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Wake"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Wake"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wak"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
pr.</i></pos> <u>Wakened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wakening</u>.] [OE. <i>waknen</i>, AS. <i>w&aelig;cnan</i>; akin to
Goth. ga<i>waknan</i>.  See <u>Wake</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To
wake; to cease to sleep; to be awakened.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Early, Turnus <i>wakening</i> with the light.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wak"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
excite or rouse from sleep; to wake; to awake; to awaken.</def>  "Go,
<i>waken</i> Eve."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To excite; to rouse; to move to action; to
awaken.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then Homer's and Tyrt&aelig;us' martial muse<BR>
<i>Wakened</i> the world.</blockquote> <i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Venus now wakes, and <i>wakens</i> love.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They introduce<BR>
Their sacred song, and <i>waken</i> raptures high.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wak"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
wakens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wak"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who wakens; esp., the act of ceasing to sleep; an
awakening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The revival of an
action.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They were too much ashamed to bring any <i>wakening</i> of
the process against Janet.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wake"-rob`in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
plant of the genus <i>Arum</i>, especially, in England, the cuckoopint
(<i>Arum maculatum</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; In America the name is given to several species of Trillium, and
sometimes to the Jack-in-the-pulpit.</p>

<p><hw>Wake"time`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Time during which one
is awake.</def>  [R.]  <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wak"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of waking, or the state or period of being awake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A watch; a watching.</def>  [Obs.] "Bodily pain
. . . standeth in prayer, in <i>wakings</i>, in fastings."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In the fourth <i>waking</i> of the night.</blockquote>
<i>Wyclif (Matt. xiv. 25).</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"la*way</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Welaway</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wald</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>weald</i>.  See
<u>Wold</u>.] <def>A forest; -- used as a termination of names.  See
<u>Weald</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wal*den"ses</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [So called from
Petrus <i>Waldus</i>, or Peter <i>Waldo</i>, a merchant of Lyons, who
founded this sect about <u>a. d.</u> 1170.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>A
sect of dissenters from the ecclesiastical system of the Roman Catholic
Church, who in the 13th century were driven by persecution to the valleys
of Piedmont, where the sect survives. They profess substantially Protestant
principles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wal*den"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
the Waldenses.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>One Holding the
Waldensian doctrines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wald"grave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wald</u>, and
<u>Margrave</u>.] <def>In the old German empire, the head forest
keeper.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Wald*hei"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of brachiopods of which many species are
found in the fossil state. A few still exist in the deep sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>walu</i> a mark of
stripes or blows, probably originally, a rod; akin to Icel.
<i>v&ouml;lr</i>, Goth. <i>walus</i> a rod, staff. &radic;146.   Cf.
<u>Goal</u>, <u>Weal</u> a wale.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A streak or mark made on the skin by a rod or
whip; a stripe; a wheal.  See <u>Wheal</u>.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ridge or streak rising above the surface, as
of cloth; hence, the texture of cloth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou 'rt rougher far,<BR>
And of a coarser <i>wale</i>, fuller of pride.</blockquote> <i>Beau &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Carp.)</i> <def>A timber bolted to a row of piles
to secure them together and in position.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<def>Certain sets or strakes of the outside planking of a vessel; as, the
main <i>wales</i>, or the strakes of planking under the port sills of the
gun deck; channel <i>wales</i>, or those along the spar deck, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A wale knot, or wall knot.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wale knot</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See <i>Wall knot</i>,
under 1st <u>Wall</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wale</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark
with wales, or stripes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To choose; to select; specifically
<i>(Mining)</i>, to pick out the refuse of (coal) by hand, in order to
clean it.</def>  [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Wal*hal"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>walhalla</i>,
See <u>Valhalla</u>.] <def>See <u>Valhalla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wal"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Wale</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Walk</hw> (w&add;k), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Walked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Walking</u>.] [OE. <i>walken</i>, probably from AS. <i>wealcan</i> to
roll, turn, revolve, akin to D. <i>walken</i> to felt hats, to work a hat,
G. <i>walken</i> to full, OHG. <i>walchan</i> to beat, to full, Icel.
<i>v&amacr;lka</i> to roll, to stamp, Sw. <i>valka</i> to full, to roll,
Dan. <i>valke</i> to full; cf. Skr. <i>valg</i> to spring; but cf. also AS.
<i>weallian</i> to roam, ramble, G. <i>wallen</i>. &radic;130.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move along on foot; to advance by steps; to
go on at a moderate pace; specifically, of two-legged creatures, to proceed
at a slower or faster rate, but without running, or lifting one foot
entirely before the other touches the ground.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the end of twelve months, he <i>walked</i> in the palace
of the kingdom of Babylon.</blockquote> <i>Dan. iv. 29.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When Peter was come down out of the ship, he <i>walked</i>
on the water, to go to Jesus.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xiv. 29.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the walk of quadrupeds, there are always two, and for a brief
space there are three, feet on the ground at once, but never four.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move or go on the feet for exercise or
amusement; to take one's exercise; to ramble.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be stirring; to be abroad; to go restlessly
about; -- said of things or persons expected to remain quiet, as a sleeping
person, or the spirit of a dead person; to go about as a somnambulist or a
specter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have heard, but not believed, the spirits of the dead<BR>
May <i>walk</i> again.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When was it she last <i>walked</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be in motion; to act; to move; to wag.</def>
[Obs.] "Her tongue did <i>walk</i> in foul reproach."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Do you think I'd <i>walk</i> in any plot?</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I heard a pen <i>walking</i> in the chimney behind the
cloth.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To behave; to pursue a course of life; to
conduct one's self.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>walk</i> perversely with God, and he will <i>walk</i>
crookedly toward us.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To move off; to depart.</def>  [Obs. or
Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He will make their cows and garrans to
<i>walk</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To walk</b></col><cd> in, to go in; to enter, as into a
house.</cd> -- <col><b>To walk after the flesh</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>,
<cd>to indulge sensual appetites, and to live in sin.</cd> <i>Rom. viii.
1.</i> -- <col><b>To walk after the Spirit</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>,
<cd>to be guided by the counsels and influences of the Spirit, and by the
word of God.</cd> <i>Rom. viii. 1.</i> -- <col><b>To walk by
faith</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>to live in the firm belief of the
gospel and its promises, and to rely on Christ for salvation.</cd> <i>2
Cor. v. 7.</i> -- <col><b>To walk in darkness</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>,
<cd>to live in ignorance, error, and sin.</cd> <i>1 John i. 6.</i> --
<col><b>To walk in the flesh</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>to live this
natural life, which is subject to infirmities and calamities.</cd> <i>2
Cor. x. 3.</i> -- <col><b>To walk in the light</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>,
<cd>to live in the practice of religion, and to enjoy its
consolations.</cd> <i>1 John i. 7.</i> -- <col><b>To walk over</b></col>,
<cd>in racing, to go over a course at a walk; -- said of a horse when there
is no other entry; hence, colloquially, to gain an easy victory in any
contest.</cd> -- <col><b>To walk through the fire</b></col>
<i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>to be exercised with severe afflictions.</cd> <i>Isa.
xliii. 2.</i> -- <col><b>To walk with God</b></col> <i>(Script.)</i>,
<cd>to live in obedience to his commands, and have communion with
him.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Walk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass
through, over, or upon; to traverse; to perambulate; as, to <i>walk</i> the
streets.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As we <i>walk</i> our earthly round.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to walk; to lead, drive, or ride with a
slow pace; as to <i>walk</i> one's horses.</def>  " I will rather trust . .
. a thief to <i>walk</i> my ambling gelding."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [AS. <i>wealcan</i> to roll.  See <u>Walk</u> to move
on foot.] <def>To subject, as cloth or yarn, to the fulling process; to
full.</def>  [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><col><b>To walk the plank</b></col>, <cd>to walk off the plank into the
water and be drowned; -- an expression derived from the practice of pirates
who extended a plank from the side of a ship, and compelled those whom they
would drown to walk off into the water; figuratively, to vacate an office
by compulsion.</cd>  <i>Bartlett.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Walk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
walking, or moving on the feet with a slow pace; advance without running or
leaping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of walking for recreation or exercise;
as, a morning <i>walk</i>; an evening <i>walk</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Manner of walking; gait; step; as, we often know
a person at a distance by his <i>walk</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>That in or through which one walks; place or
distance walked over; a place for walking; a path or avenue prepared for
foot passengers, or for taking air and exercise; way; road; hence, a place
or region in which animals may graze; place of wandering; range; as, a
sheep <i>walk</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A woody mountain . . . with goodliest trees<BR>
Planted, with <i>walks</i> and bowers.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>walk</i> for a hundred sheep.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Amid the sound of steps that beat<BR>
The murmuring <i>walks</i> like rain.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A frequented track; habitual place of action;
sphere; as, the <i>walk</i> of the historian.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mountains are his <i>walks</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He opened a boundless <i>walk</i> for his
imagination.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Conduct; course of action; behavior.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The route or district regularly served by a
vender; as, a milkman's <i>walk</i>.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><! p. 1624 !></p>

<p><hw>Walk"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fit to be walked on;
capable of being walked on or over.</def>  [R.]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Walk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who walks; a pedestrian.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That with which one walks; a foot.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Lame Mulciber, his <i>walkers</i> quite
misgrown.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A forest officer appointed to walk
over a certain space for inspection; a forester.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [AS. <i>wealcere</i>.  See <u>Walk</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 3.] <def>A fuller of cloth.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She cursed the weaver and the <i>walker</i><BR>
The cloth that had wrought.</blockquote> <i>Percy's Reliques.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any ambulatorial
orthopterous insect, as a stick insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Walk"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Walk</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Walking beam</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Beam</u>, 10.</cd> --
<col><b>Walking crane</b></col>, <cd>a kind of traveling crane.  See under
<u>Crane</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Walking fern</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Walking leaf</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Walking fish</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of Asiatic fishes of
the genus <i>Ophiocephalus</i>, some of which, as <i>O. marulius</i>,
become over four feet long. They have a special cavity over the gills lined
with a membrane adapted to retain moisture to aid in respiration, and are
thus able to travel considerable distances over the land at night, whence
the name. They construct a curious nest for their young. Called also
<i>langya</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Walking gentleman</b></col>
<i>(Theater)</i>, <cd>an actor who usually fills subordinate parts which
require a gentlemanly appearance but few words.</cd> [Cant] --
<col><b>Walking lady</b></col> <i>(Theater)</i>, <cd>an actress who usually
fills such parts as require only a ladylike appearance on the stage.</cd>
[Cant] -- <col><b>Walking leaf</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>A little American fern (<i>Camptosorus rhizophyllus</i>); -- so called
because the fronds taper into slender prolongations which often root at the
apex, thus producing new plants.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A leaf insect.  See under <u>Leaf</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Walking papers</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Walking
ticket</b></col>, <cd>an order to leave; dismissal, as from office.</cd>
[Colloq.] <i>Bartlett.</i> -- <col><b>Walking stick</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A stick or staff carried in the hand for hand for
support or amusement when walking; a cane.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A stick insect; -- called also <i>walking
straw</i>.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Stick insect</i>, under
<u>Stick</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Walking wheel</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a
prime mover consisting of a wheel driven by the weight of men or animals
walking either in it or on it; a treadwheel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Walk"-mill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Walk</i> to Walking
Leaf, or full + <i>mill</i>.] <def>A fulling mill.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Walk"-o`ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In racing, the going
over a course by a horse which has no competitor for the prize; hence,
colloquially, a one-sided contest; an uncontested, or an easy,
victory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wal"kyr</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scand. Myth.)</i> <def>See
<u>Valkyria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A kind of
knot often used at the end of a rope; a wall knot; a wale.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wall knot</b></col>, <cd>a knot made by unlaying the strands of
a rope, and making a bight with the first strand, then passing the second
over the end of the first, and the third over the end of the second and
through the bight of the first; a wale knot. Wall knots may be
<i>single</i> or <i>double</i>, <i>crowned</i> or <i>double-
crowned</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>weall</i>, from L.
<i>vallum</i> a wall, <i>vallus</i> a stake, pale, palisade; akin to Gr.
&?; a nail.  Cf. <u>Interval</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A work or structure of stone, brick, or other
materials, raised to some height, and intended for defense or security,
solid and permanent inclosing fence, as around a field, a park, a town,
etc., also, one of the upright inclosing parts of a building or a
room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The plaster of the <i>wall</i> of the King's
palace.</blockquote> <i>Dan. v. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A defense; a rampart; a means of protection; in
the plural, fortifications, in general; works for defense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The waters were a <i>wall</i> unto them on their right hand,
and on their left.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xiv. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In such a night,<BR>
Troilus, methinks, mounted the Troyan <i>walls</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To rush undaunted to defend the <i>walls</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An inclosing part of a receptacle or vessel; as,
the <i>walls</i> of a steam-engine cylinder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The side of
a level or drift.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The country rock bounding
a vein laterally.</def> <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Wall</i> is often used adjectively, and also in the formation
of compounds, usually of obvious signification; as in <i>wall</i> paper, or
<i>wall</i>-paper; <i>wall</i> fruit, or <i>wall</i>-fruit;
<i>wall</i>flower, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Blank wall</b></col>, <cd>Blind wall, etc.  See under
<u>Blank</u>, <u>Blind</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>To drive to the
wall</b></col>, <cd>to bring to extremities; to push to extremes; to get
the advantage of, or mastery over.</cd> -- <col><b>To go to the
wall</b></col>, <cd>to be hard pressed or driven; to be the weaker party;
to be pushed to extremes.</cd> -- <col><b>To take the wall</b></col>.
<cd>to take the inner side of a walk, that is, the side next the wall;
hence, to take the precedence.</cd>  "I will <i>take the wall</i> of any
man or maid of Montague's." <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Wall barley</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of grass (<i>Hordeum murinum</i>) much resembling
barley; squirrel grass.  See under <u>Squirrel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall
box</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <cd>See <i>Wall frame</i>, below.</cd> --
<col><b>Wall creeper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small bright-
colored bird (<i>Tichodroma muraria</i>) native of Asia and Southern
Europe. It climbs about over old walls and cliffs in search of insects and
spiders. Its body is ash-gray above, the wing coverts are carmine-red, the
primary quills are mostly red at the base and black distally, some of them
with white spots, and the tail is blackish. Called also <i>spider
catcher</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall cress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name
given to several low cruciferous herbs, especially to the mouse-ear cress.
See under <u>Mouse-ear</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall frame</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>a frame set in a wall to receive a pillow block or
bearing for a shaft passing through the wall; -- called also <i>wall
box</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall fruit</b></col>, <cd>fruit borne by trees
trained against a wall.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall gecko</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of Old World geckos
which live in or about buildings and run over the vertical surfaces of
walls, to which they cling by means of suckers on the feet.</cd> --
<col><b>Wall lizard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common European
lizard (<i>Lacerta muralis</i>) which frequents houses, and lives in the
chinks and crevices of walls; -- called also <i>wall newt</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wall louse</b></col>, <cd>a wood louse.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall
moss</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any species of moss growing on
walls.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall newt</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
wall lizard.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Wall paper</b></col>, <cd>paper
for covering the walls of rooms; paper hangings.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall
pellitory</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European plant (<i>Parictaria
officinalis</i>) growing on old walls, and formerly esteemed
medicinal.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall pennywort</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
plant (<i>Cotyledon Umbilicus</i>) having rounded fleshy leaves. It is
found on walls in Western Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall pepper</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low mosslike plant (<i>Sedum acre</i>) with small
fleshy leaves having a pungent taste and bearing yellow flowers. It is
common on walls and rocks in Europe, and is sometimes seen in America.</cd>
-- <col><b>Wall pie</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of fern; wall
rue.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall piece</b></col>, <cd>a gun planted on a
wall.</cd> <i>H. L. Scott.</i> -- <col><b>Wall plate</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a piece of timber placed horizontally upon a wall, and
supporting posts, joists, and the like.  See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Roof</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall rock</b></col>, <cd>granular limestone
used in building walls.</cd> [U. S.] <i>Bartlett.</i> -- <col><b>Wall
rue</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of small fern (<i>Asplenium
Ruta-muraria</i>) growing on walls, rocks, and the like.</cd> --
<col><b>Wall spring</b></col>, <cd>a spring of water issuing from
stratified rocks.</cd> -- <col><b>Wall tent</b></col>, <cd>a tent with
upright cloth sides corresponding to the walls of a house.</cd> --
<col><b>Wall wasp</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a common European
solitary wasp (<i>Odynerus parietus</i>) which makes its nest in the
crevices of walls.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wall</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Walled</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Walling</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To inclose with a wall, or as with
a wall.</def>  "Seven <i>walled</i> towns of strength."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king of Thebes, Amphion,<BR>
That with his singing <i>walled</i> that city.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To defend by walls, or as if by walls; to
fortify.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The terror of his name that <i>walls</i> us in.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To close or fill with a wall, as a
doorway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wal"la*ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
leguminous tree (<i>Eperua falcata</i>) of Demerara, with pinnate leaves
and clusters of red flowers. The reddish brown wood is used for palings and
shingles.</def>  <i>J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).</i></p>

<p><hw>Wal"la*by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Wallabies</b></plw> (#). [From a native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of kangaroos belonging to the genus
<i>Halmaturus</i>, native of Australia and Tasmania, especially the smaller
species, as the brush kangaroo (<i>H. Bennettii</i>) and the pademelon
(<i>H. thetidis</i>). The wallabies chiefly inhabit the wooded district and
bushy plains.</def>  [Written also <i>wallabee</i>, and
<i>whallabee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Wal"lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
black variety of the jaguar; -- called also <i>tapir tiger</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>walla</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Wal`la*roo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of kangaroos of the genus <i>Macropus</i>,
especially <i>M. robustus</i>, sometimes called the <i>great
wallaroo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wall"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The spotted flycatcher.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wall"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who builds
walls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wall"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
wels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wal*le"ri*an de*gen`er*a"tion</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A form of
degeneration occurring in nerve fibers as a result of their division; -- so
called from Dr. <i>Waller</i>, who published an account of it in
1850.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wal"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>walet</i>, probably
the same word as OE. <i>watel</i> a bag.  See <u>Wattle</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bag or sack for carrying about the person, as a
bag for carrying the necessaries for a journey; a knapsack; a beggar's
receptacle for charity; a peddler's pack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[His hood] was trussed up in his <i>walet</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pocketbook for keeping money about the
person.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Anything protuberant and swagging.</def>
"<i>Wallets</i> of flesh."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wal`let*eer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who carries a
wallet; a foot traveler; a tramping beggar.</def>  [Colloq.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wall"-eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wall-
eyed</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An eye in which the iris is of a very light gray
or whitish color; -- said usually of horses.</def>  <i>Booth.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Jonson has defined <i>wall-eye</i> to be "a disease in the
crystalline humor of the eye; glaucoma." But glaucoma is not a disease of
the crystalline humor, nor is <i>wall-eye</i> a disease at all, but merely
a natural blemish. <i>Tully.</i> In the north of England, as Brockett
states, persons are said to be <i>wall-eyed</i> when the white of the eye
is very large and distorted, or on one side.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
American fresh-water food fish (<i>Stizostedion vitreum</i>) having large
and prominent eyes; -- called also <i>glasseye</i>, <i>pike perch</i>,
<i>yellow pike</i>, and <i>wall-eyed perch</i>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A California surf fish (<i>Holconotus argenteus</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The alewife; -- called also <i>wall-eyed
herring</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wall"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>valdeyg&eth;r</i>, or <i>vagleygr</i>; fr. <i>vagl</i> a beam, a beam in
the eye (akin to Sw. <i>vagel</i> a roost, a perch, a sty in the eye) +
<i>eygr</i> having eyes (from <i>auga</i> eye).  See <u>Eye</u>.]
<def>Having an eye of a very light gray or whitish color.</def>
<i>Booth.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Shakespeare, in using <i>wall-eyed</i> as a term of reproach (as
"<i>wall-eyed</i> rage," a "<i>wall-eyed</i> wretch"), alludes probably to
the idea of unnatural or distorted vision.  See the Note under <u>Wall-
eye</u>. It is an eye which is utterly and incurably perverted, an eye that
knows no pity.</p>

<p><hw>Wall"flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A perennial, cruciferous plant
(<i>Cheiranthus Cheiri</i>), with sweet-scented flowers varying in color
from yellow to orange and deep red. In Europe it very common on old
walls.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is sometimes extended to other species of
<i>Cheiranthus</i> and of the related genus <i>Erysimum</i>, especially the
American <i>Western wallflower</i> (<i>Erysimum asperum</i>), a biennial
herb with orange-yellow flowers.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A lady at a ball, who, either from choice, or
because not asked to dance, remains a spectator.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wall"hick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The lesser spotted woodpecker (<i>Dryobates minor</i>).</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wall"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of making a wall or walls.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Walls, in general; material for walls.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Walling wax</b></col>, <cd>a composition of wax and tallow used
by etchers and engravers to make a bank, or wall, round the edge of a
plate, so as to form a trough for holding the acid used in etching, and the
like.</cd>  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wal*loons"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Walloon</b></singw> (&?;). [Cf. F. <i>wallon</i>.] <def>A Romanic
people inhabiting that part of Belgium which comprises the provinces of
Hainaut, Namur, Li&eacute;ge, and Luxembourg, and about one third of
Brabant; also, the language spoken by this people. Used also
adjectively.</def>  [Written also Wallons.] "A base <i>Walloon</i> . . .
thrust Talbot with a spear."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Walloon guard</b></col>, <cd>the bodyguard of the Spanish
monarch; -- so called because formerly consisting of Walloons.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wal"lop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OFlem. <i>walop</i> a
gallop; of uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Gallop</u>.] <def>To move quickly, but
with great effort; to gallop.</def>  [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Wal"lop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quick, rolling movement; a
gallop.</def>  [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Wal"lop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Walloped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Walloping</u>.] [Probably fr. AS. <i>weallan</i> to spring up, to boil
or bubble. &radic;147.  See <u>Well</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To boil with a continued bubbling or heaving and
rolling, with noise.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Brockett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move in a rolling, cumbersome manner; to
waddle.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be slatternly.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wal"lop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
beat soundly; to flog; to whip.</def>  [Prov. Eng., Scot., &amp; Colloq. U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wrap up temporarily.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw or tumble over.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wal"lop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thick
piece of fat.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blow.</def>  [Prov. Eng., Scot., &amp; Colloq. U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wallowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wallowing</u>.] [OE. <i>walwen</i>, AS. <i>wealwian</i>; akin to Goth.
<i>walwjan</i> (in comp.) to roll, L. <i>volvere</i>; cf. Skr. <i>val</i>
to turn. &radic;147.  Cf. <u>Voluble Well</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To roll one's self about, as in mire; to tumble
and roll about; to move lazily or heavily in any medium; to flounder; as,
swine <i>wallow</i> in the mire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I may <i>wallow</i> in the lily beds.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To live in filth or gross vice; to disport one's
self in a beastly and unworthy manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God sees a man <i>wallowing</i> in his native
impurity.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wither; to fade.</def>  [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Wal"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To roll; esp., to roll in
anything defiling or unclean.</def>  "<i>Wallow</i> thyself in ashes."
<i>Jer. vi. 26.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wal"low</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of rolling
walk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One taught the toss, and one the new French
<i>wallow</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wal"low*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who, or that which, wallows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A lantern wheel; a
trundle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wal"low*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>wallow</i> to fade
or wither.] <def>Flat; insipid.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Overbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wall"-plat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The spotted flycatcher. It builds its nest on walls.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wall"-sid`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Having sides nearly perpendicular; -- said of certain vessels to
distinguish them from those having <i>flaring</i> sides, or sides
<i>tumbling home</i> (see under <u>Tumble</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Wall"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
dwarf elder, or danewort (<i>Sambucus Ebulus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Walm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>weallan</i>; cf.
<i>w&aelig;lm</i>, billow. &radic;147.] <def>To roll; to spout; to boil
up.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wal"nut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>walnot</i>, AS.
<i>wealh-hnutu</i> a Welsh or foreign nut, a walnut; <i>wealh</i> foreign,
strange, n., a Welshman, Celt (akin to OHG. <i>Walh</i>, properly, a Celt,
from the name of a Celtic tribe, in L. <i>Volcae</i>) + <i>hnutu</i> a nut;
akin to D. <i>walnoot</i>, G. <i>walnuss</i>, Icel. <i>valhnot</i>, Sw.
<i>valn&ouml;t</i>, Dan <i>valn&ouml;d</i>.  See <u>Nut</u>, and cf.
<u>Welsh</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit or nut of any tree of the genus
<i>Juglans</i>; also, the tree, and its timber. The seven or eight known
species are all natives of the north temperate zone.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1625 !></p>

<p>&fist; In some parts of America, especially in New England, the name
<i>walnut</i> is given to several species of hickory (<i>Carya</i>), and
their fruit.</p>

<p><col><b>Ash-leaved walnut</b></col>, <cd>a tree (<i>Juglans
fraxinifolia</i>), native in Transcaucasia.</cd> -- <col><b>Black
walnut</b></col>, <cd>a North American tree (<i>J. nigra</i>) valuable for
its purplish brown wood, which is extensively used in cabinetwork and for
gunstocks. The nuts are thick-shelled, and nearly globular.</cd> --
<col><b>English</b></col>, or <col><b>European</b></col>,
<col><b>walnut</b></col>, <cd>a tree (<i>J. regia</i>), native of Asia from
the Caucasus to Japan, valuable for its timber and for its excellent nuts,
which are also called <i>Madeira nuts</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Walnut
brown</b></col>, <cd>a deep warm brown color, like that of the heartwood of
the black walnut.</cd> -- <col><b>Walnut oil</b></col>, <cd>oil extracted
from walnut meats. It is used in cooking, making soap, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>White walnut</b></col>, <cd>a North American tree (<i>J.
cinerea</i>), bearing long, oval, thick-shelled, oily nuts, commonly called
<i>butternuts</i>.  See <u>Butternut</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wal"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>walrus</i>; of Scand.
origin; cf. Dan <i>valros</i>, Sw. <i>vallross</i>, Norw. <i>hvalros</i>;
literally, whale horse; akin to Icel. <i>hrosshvalr</i>, AS.
<i>horshw&aelig;l</i>.  See <u>Whale</u>, and <u>Horse</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large marine mammal (<i>Trichecus
rosmarus</i>) of the Seal family, native of the Arctic Ocean. The male has
long and powerful tusks descending from the upper jaw. It uses these in
procuring food and in fighting.  It is hunted for its oil, ivory, and skin.
It feeds largely on mollusks. Called also <i>morse</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The walrus of the North Pacific and Behring Strait (<i>Trichecus
obesus</i>) is regarded by some as a distinct species, by others as a
variety of the common walrus.</p>

<p><hw>Wal"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Welter</u>.]
<def>To roll or wallow; to welter.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Wal"tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A walrus.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Woodward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wal"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Walter</u> to roll.]
<def>Liable to roll over; crank; as, a <i>walty</i> ship.</def>  [R.]
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waltz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>walzer</i>, from
<i>walzen</i> to roll, revolve, dance, OHG. <i>walzan</i> to roll; akin to
AS. <i>wealtan</i>.  See <u>Welter</u>.] <def>A dance performed by two
persons in circular figures with a whirling motion; also, a piece of music
composed in triple measure for this kind of dance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Waltz</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Waltzed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Waltzing</u>.]
<def>To dance a waltz.</def></p>

<p><hw>Waltz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
waltzes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wal"we</hw> (?), <pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>To wallow.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Welaway</u>.]
<def>An exclamation of grief.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Wam"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>vamle</i>,
and <i>vammel</i> squeamish, ready to vomit, Icel. <i>v&aelig;ma</i> to
feel nausea, <i>v&aelig;minn</i> nauseous.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
heave; to be disturbed by nausea; -- said of the stomach.</def>
<i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move irregularly to and fro; to
roll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wam"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Disturbance of the stomach;
a feeling of nausea.</def>  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wam"ble-cropped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Sick at the
stomach; also, crestfallen; dejected.</def>  [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Wam"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move irregularly
or awkwardly; to wamble, or wabble.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wamp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the North American Indian
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common American eider.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wam*pee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tree (<i>Cookia punctata</i>) of the Orange
family, growing in China and the East Indies; also, its fruit, which is
about the size of a large grape, and has a hard rind and a peculiar
flavor.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pickerel weed.</def>  [Southern
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wam"pum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [North American Indian
<i>wampum</i>, <i>wompam</i>, from the Mass. <i>w&oacute;mpi</i>, Del.
<i>w&amacr;pe</i>, white.] <def>Beads made of shells, used by the North
American Indians as money, and also wrought into belts, etc., as an
ornament.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Round his waist his belt of <i>wampum</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Girded with his <i>wampum</i> braid.</blockquote>
<i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p>&fist; These beads were of two kinds, one white, and the other black or
dark purple. The term <i>wampum</i> is properly applied only to the white;
the dark purple ones are called <i>suckanhock</i>.  See <u>Seawan</u>. "It
[wampum] consisted of cylindrical pieces of the shells of testaceous
fishes, a quarter of an inch long, and in diameter less than a pipestem,
drilled . . . so as to be strung upon a thread. The beads of a white color,
rated at half the value of the black or violet, passed each as the
equivalent of a farthing in transactions between the natives and the
planters."  <i>Palfrey.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Wan</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Win</u>.
<def>Won.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wann</i>, <i>wonn</i>,
<i>wan</i>, <i>won</i>, dark, lurid, livid, perhaps originally, worn out by
toil, from <i>winnan</i> to labor, strive.  See <u>Win</u>.] <def>Having a
pale or sickly hue; languid of look; pale; pallid.</def>  "Sad to view, his
visage pale and <i>wan</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My color . . . [is] <i>wan</i> and of a leaden
hue.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why so pale and <i>wan</i>, fond lover?</blockquote>
<i>Suckling.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With the <i>wan</i> moon overhead.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being wan;
wanness.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tinged with <i>wan</i> from lack of sleep.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow wan; to become
pale or sickly in looks.</def>  "All his visage <i>wanned</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And ever he mutter'd and madden'd, and ever <i>wann'd</i>
with despair.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel.
<i>v&ouml;ndr</i>, akin to Dan. <i>vaand</i>, Goth. <i>wandus</i>; perhaps
originally, a pliant twig, and akin to E. <i>wind</i> to turn.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small stick; a rod; a verge.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With good smart blows of a <i>wand</i> on his
back.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A staff of
authority.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though he had both spurs and <i>wand</i>, they seemed rather
marks of sovereignty than instruments of punishment.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A rod used by conjurers, diviners, magicians,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Picus bore a buckler in his hand;<BR>
His other waved a long divining <i>wand</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wand of peace</b></col> <i>(Scots Law)</i>, <cd>a wand, or
staff, carried by the messenger of a court, which he breaks when deforced
(that is, hindered from executing process), as a symbol of the deforcement,
and protest for remedy of law.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wandered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wandering</u>.] [OE. <i>wandren</i>, <i>wandrien</i>, AS.
<i>wandrian</i>; akin to G. <i>wandern</i> to wander; fr. AS. <i>windan</i>
to turn.  See <u>Wind</u> to turn.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To ramble here and there without any certain
course or with no definite object in view; to range about; to stroll; to
rove; as, to <i>wander</i> over the fields.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>wandered</i> about in sheepskins and
goatskins.</blockquote> <i>Heb. xi. 37.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>wandereth</i> abroad for bread.</blockquote> <i>Job
xv. 23.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To go away; to depart; to stray off; to deviate;
to go astray; as, a writer <i>wanders</i> from his subject.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When God caused me to <i>wander</i> from my father's
house.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xx. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, let me not <i>wander</i> from thy
commandments.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxix. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be delirious; not to be under the guidance of
reason; to rave; as, the mind <i>wanders</i>.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To roam; rove; range; stroll; gad; stray; straggly; err;
swerve; deviate; depart.</p>

<p><hw>Wan"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To travel over without a
certain course; to traverse; to stroll through.</def>  [R.] "[Elijah]
<i>wandered</i> this barren waste."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wanders; a
rambler; one who roves; hence, one who deviates from duty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wan"der*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Wander</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Wandering albatross</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the great
white albatross.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Albatross</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wandering cell</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>an animal cell
which possesses the power of spontaneous movement, as one of the white
corpuscles of the blood.</cd> -- <col><b>Wandering Jew</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any one of several creeping species of
<i>Tradescantia</i>, which have alternate, pointed leaves, and a soft,
herbaceous stem which roots freely at the joints. They are commonly
cultivated in hanging baskets, window boxes, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Wandering
kidney</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a morbid condition in which one kidney,
or, rarely, both kidneys, can be moved in certain directions; -- called
also <i>floating kidney</i>, <i>movable kidney</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wandering liver</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a morbid condition of
the liver, similar to wandering kidney.</cd> -- <col><b>Wandering
mouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the whitefooted, or deer, mouse.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Mouse</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wandering
spider</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of a tribe of spiders
that wander about in search of their prey.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wan"der*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wandering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wan"der*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
wandering, or roaming.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan`der*oo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cingalese <i>wanderu</i>
a monkey.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large monkey (<i>Macacus silenus</i>)
native of Malabar. It is black, or nearly so, but has a long white or gray
beard encircling the face. Called also <i>maha</i>, <i>silenus</i>,
<i>neelbhunder</i>, <i>lion-tailed baboon</i>, and <i>great
wanderoo</i>.</def>  [Written also <i>ouanderoo</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The name is sometimes applied also to other allied species.</p>

<p><hw>Wand"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Long and flexible, like a
wand.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Brockett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wane</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Waned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Waning</u>.] [OE. <i>wanien</i>, AS. <i>wanian</i>, <i>wonian</i>, from
<i>wan</i>, <i>won</i>, deficient, wanting; akin to D. <i>wan-</i>, G.
<i>wahn</i>sinn, insanity, OHG. <i>wan</i>, <i>wana-</i>, lacking,
<i>wan&?;n</i> to lessen, Icel. <i>vanr</i> lacking, Goth. <i>vans</i>; cf.
Gr. &?; bereaved, Skr. <i>&?;na</i> wanting, inferior. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  Cf.
<u>Want</u> lack, and <u>Wanton</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be diminished; to decrease; -- contrasted
with <i>wax</i>, and especially applied to the illuminated part of the
moon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the moon, aye wax ye and <i>wane</i>.<BR>
<i>Waning</i> moons their settled periods keep.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To decline; to fail; to sink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You saw but sorrow in its <i>waning</i> form.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Land and trade ever will wax and <i>wane</i>
together.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Child.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wane</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to decrease.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wane</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The decrease
of the illuminated part of the moon to the eye of a spectator.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Decline; failure; diminution; decrease;
declension.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An age in which the church is in its
<i>wane</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though the year be on the <i>wane</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An inequality in a board.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp or uneven edge on
a board that is cut from a log not perfectly squared, or that is made in
the process of squaring.  See <u>Wany</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Wang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wange</i>, AS.
<i>wange</i>, <i>wonge</i>, cheek, jaw; akin to D. <i>wang</i>, OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>wanga</i>, G. <i>wange</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The jaw, jawbone, or cheek bone.</def>  [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So work aye the <i>wangs</i> in his head.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A slap; a blow.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wang tooth</b></col>, <cd>a cheek tooth; a molar.</cd>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Whang</u>.</def>
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wan"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [American Indian.] <def>A
boat for conveying provisions, tools, etc.; -- so called by Maine
lumbermen.</def>  [Written also <i>wangun</i>.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wang"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wangere</i>.  See 1st
<u>Wang</u>.] <def>A pillow for the cheek; a pillow.</def>  [Obs. &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His bright helm was his <i>wanger</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wang*hee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>wang</i> yellow +
<i>he&?;</i> a root.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The Chinese name of one or two
species of bamboo, or jointed cane, of the genus <i>Phyllostachys</i>. The
slender stems are much used for walking sticks.</def>  [Written also
<i>whanghee</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Wang"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boomerang.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wan"hope`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wan</i>,
<i>won</i>, deficient, wanting + <i>hopa</i> hope: cf. D. <i>wanhoop</i>.
<i>&?;&?;&?;&?;</i>.  See <u>Wane</u>, and <u>Hope</u>.] <def>Want of hope;
despair; also, faint or delusive hope; delusion. [Obs.] <i>Piers
Plowman</i>.</def>  "<i>Wanhope</i> and distress."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan"horn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corruption fr. Siamese
<i>wanhom</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An East Indian plant (<i>K&aelig;mpferia
Galanga</i>) of the Ginger family.  See <u>Galanga</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wan"i*and</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wanion</u>.]
<def>The wane of the moon.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
waning, or decreasing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This earthly moon, the Church, hath fulls and
<i>wanings</i>, and sometimes her eclipses.</blockquote> <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably for OE.
<i>waniand</i> waning, p. pr. of <i>wanien</i>; hence, used of the waning
of the moon, supposed to be an unlucky time.  See <u>Wane</u>.] <def>A word
of uncertain signification, used only in the phrase <i>with a wanion</i>,
apparently equivalent to <i>with a vengeance</i>, <i>with a plague</i>, or
<i>with misfortune</i>.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson. Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wancol</i>.] <def>Not
to be depended on; weak; unstable.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wan, or pale,
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wanned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made wan, or
pale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wan"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being wan; a sallow, dead, pale color; paleness; pallor; as, the
<i>wanness</i> of the cheeks after a fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wan"nish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat wan; of a pale
hue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No sun, but a <i>wannish</i> glare,<BR>
In fold upon fold of hueless cloud.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Want</hw> (277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Originally an adj., from
Icel. <i>vant</i>, neuter of <i>vanr</i> lacking, deficient. &radic;139.
See <u>Wane</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of not having; the condition of being
without anything; absence or scarcity of what is needed or desired;
deficiency; lack; as, a <i>want</i> of power or knowledge for any purpose;
<i>want</i> of food and clothing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And me, his parent, would full soon devour<BR>
For <i>want</i> of other prey.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From having wishes in consequence of our <i>wants</i>, we
often feel <i>wants</i> in consequence of our wishes.</blockquote>
<i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pride is as loud a beggar as <i>want</i>, and more
saucy.</blockquote> <i>Franklin.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, absence or lack of necessaries;
destitution; poverty; penury; indigence; need.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing is so hard for those who abound in riches, as to
conceive how others can be in <i>want</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is needed or desired; a thing of
which the loss is felt; what is not possessed, and is necessary for use or
pleasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Habitual superfluities become actual
<i>wants</i>.</blockquote> <i>Paley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A depression in coal strata,
hollowed out before the subsequent deposition took place.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Indigence; deficiency; defect; destitution; lack;
failure; dearth; scarceness.</p>

<p><hw>Want</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wanting</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be without; to be destitute of, or deficient
in; not to have; to lack; as, to <i>want</i> knowledge; to <i>want</i>
judgment; to <i>want</i> learning; to <i>want</i> food and
clothing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that <i>want</i> honesty, <i>want</i>
anything.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor think, though men were none,<BR>
That heaven would <i>want</i> spectators, God <i>want</i>
praise.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The unhappy never <i>want</i> enemies.</blockquote>
<i>Richardson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have occasion for, as useful, proper, or
requisite; to require; to need; as, in winter we <i>want</i> a fire; in
summer we <i>want</i> cooling breezes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To feel need of; to wish or long for; to desire;
to crave.</def>  " What <i>wants</i> my son?"  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>want</i> to speak to you about something.</blockquote>
<i>A. Trollope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Want</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Icel. <i>vanta</i> to be
wanting.  See <u>Want</u> to lack.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be absent; to be deficient or lacking; to
fail; not to be sufficient; to fall or come short; to lack; -- often used
impersonally with <i>of</i>; as, it <i>wants</i> ten minutes of
four.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The disposition, the manners, and the thoughts are all
before it; where any of those are <i>wanting</i> or imperfect, so much
<i>wants</i> or is imperfect in the imitation of human life.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be in a state of destitution; to be needy; to
lack.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have a gift, sir (thank your education),<BR>
Will never let you <i>want</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For as in bodies, thus in souls, we find<BR>
What <i>wants</i> in blood and spirits, swelled with wind.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Want</i> was formerly used impersonally with an indirect
object. "Him <i>wanted</i> audience."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa'n't</hw> (?). <def>A colloquial contraction of <i>was
not</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Want"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is wanting;
deficiency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Want"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Absent; lacking; missing;
also, deficient; destitute; needy; as, one of the twelve is <i>wanting</i>;
I shall not be <i>wanting</i> in exertion.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1626 !></p>

<p><hw>Want"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no want;
abundant; fruitful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wan"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wantoun</i>, contr.
from <i>wantowen</i>; pref. <i>wan-</i> wanting (see <u>Wane</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>), hence expressing negation + <i>towen</i>, p. p.,
AS. <i>togen</i>, p. p. of <i>te&oacute;n</i> to draw, to educate, bring
up; hence, properly, ill bred.  See <u>Tug</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Untrained; undisciplined; unrestrained; hence,
loose; free; luxuriant; roving; sportive.</def>  "In woods and
<i>wanton</i> wilderness." <i>Spenser.</i> "A wild and <i>wanton</i> herd."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>wanton</i> and a merry [friar].</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[She] her unadorned golden tresses wore<BR>
Disheveled, but in <i>wanton</i> ringlets waved.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How does your tongue grow <i>wanton</i> in her
praise!</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wandering from moral rectitude; perverse;
dissolute.</def> "Men grown <i>wanton</i> by prosperity."
<i>Roscommon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically: Deviating from the rules of
chastity; lewd; lustful; lascivious; libidinous; lecherous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not with <i>wanton</i> looking of folly.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Thou art] froward by nature, enemy to peace,<BR>
Lascivious, <i>wanton</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Reckless; heedless; as, <i>wanton</i>
mischief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wan"ton</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A roving,
frolicsome thing; a trifler; -- used rarely as a term of
endearment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am afeard you make a <i>wanton</i> of me.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Peace, my <i>wantons</i>; he will do<BR>
More than you can aim unto.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One brought up without restraint; a pampered
pet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Anything, sir,<BR>
That's dry and wholesome; I am no bred <i>wanton</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau.
& Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A lewd person; a lascivious man or
woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wan"ton</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wantoned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wantoning</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rove and ramble without restraint, rule, or
limit; to revel; to play loosely; to frolic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nature here <i>wantoned</i> as in her prime.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How merrily we would sally into the fields, and strip under
the first warmth of the sun, and <i>wanton</i> like young dace in the
streams!</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sport in lewdness; to play the wanton; to
play lasciviously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wan"ton</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to become
wanton; also, to waste in wantonness.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wan"ton*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To behave
wantonly; to frolic; to wanton.</def>  [R.]  <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan"ton*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a
wanton manner; without regularity or restraint; loosely; sportively; gayly;
playfully; recklessly; lasciviously.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Unintentionally; accidentally.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>J. Dee.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan"ton*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being wanton; negligence of restraint; sportiveness; recklessness;
lasciviousness.</def>  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tumults threatened to abuse all acts of grace, and turn
them into <i>wantonness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Young gentlemen would be as sad as night<BR>
Only for <i>wantonness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan"trust`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>wan-</i> as in
<i>wanton + trust</i>.] <def>Failing or diminishing trust; want of trust or
confidence; distrust.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Want"wit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One destitute of wit
or sense; a blockhead; a fool.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>womb tie</i>, that is,
belly&?;and.  See <u>Womb</u>, and <u>Tie</u>.] <def>A surcingle, or strap
of leather, used for binding a load upon the back of a beast; also, a
leather tie; a short wagon rope.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wan"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wane.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wan"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Waning or
diminished in some parts; not of uniform size throughout; -- said
especially of sawed boards or timber when tapering or uneven, from being
cut too near the outside of the log.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spoiled by wet; -- said of timber.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wanze</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wane; to wither.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [See <u>Whap</u>.]
<def>To beat; to whap.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Sir T.
Malory.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blow or beating; a whap.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wap"a*cut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The American hawk owl.  See under <u>Hawk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wap"a*too`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
edible tuber of a species of arrowhead (<i>Sagittaria variabilis</i>); --
so called by the Indians of Oregon.</def>  [Written also
<i>wappato</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Waped</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>wape</i> pale, v.,
to stupefy, akin to <i>wap</i> to beat.  Cf. <u>Whap</u>, and
<u>Wappened</u>.] <def>Cast down; crushed by misery; dejected.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wap"en*take</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>w&?;penge&?;&?;c</i>, <i>w&?;pent&amacr;c</i>, from Icel.
<i>v&amacr;pnat&amacr;k</i>, literally, a weapon taking or weapon touching,
hence an expression of assent ("si displicuit sententia fremitu
aspernantur; sin placuit frameas concutiunt." <i>Tacitus, "Germania,"
xi.</i>).  See <u>Weapon</u>, and <u>Take</u>. This name had its origin in
a custom of touching lances or spears when the hundreder, or chief, entered
on his office. "Cum quis accipiebat pr&aelig;fecturam wapentachii, die
statuto in loco ubi consueverant congregari, omnes majores natu contra eum
conveniebant, et descendente eo de equo suo, omnes assurgebant ei. Ipse
vero, erecta lancea sua, ab omnibus secundum morem f&oelig;dus accipiebat;
omnes enim quot-quot venissent cum lanceis suis ipsius hastam tangebant, et
ita se confirmabant per contactum armorum, pace palam concessa.
<i>W&aelig;pnu</i> enim arma sonat; <i>tac</i>, tactus est -- hac de causa
totus ille conventus dicitur <i>Wapentac</i>, eo quod per tactum armorum
suorum ad invicem conf&oelig;derati sunt." <i>L L. Edward Confessor, 33.
D. Wilkins.</i>] <def>In some northern counties of England, a division, or
district, answering to the <i>hundred</i> in other counties. Yorkshire,
Lincolnshire, and Nottinghamshire are divided into wapentakes, instead of
hundreds.</def>  [Written also <i>wapentac</i>.]  <i>Selden.
Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wap"in*schaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot.  See
<u>Weapon</u>, and <u>Show</u>.] <def>An exhibition of arms. according to
the rank of the individual, by all persons bearing arms; -- formerly made
at certain seasons in each district.</def>  [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson. Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wap"i*ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably the Iroquois name.
<i>Bartlett</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American elk (<i>Cervus
Canadensis</i>). It is closely related to the European red deer, which it
somewhat exceeds in size.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By some writers it is thought to be a variety of the red deer,
but it is considered a distinct species by others. It is noted for the
large, branching antlers of the male.</p>

<p><hw>Wapp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [CF. Prov. E. <i>wap</i> to wrap
up.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fair-leader.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A rope with wall knots in it with which the
shrouds are set taut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wap"pa*to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Wapatoo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wap"pened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Waped</u>,
<u>Wapper</u>.] <def>A word of doubtful meaning used once by
Shakespeare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This [gold] is it</blockquote></p>

<p><blockquote>That makes the <i>wappen'd</i> widow wed
again.</blockquote></p>

<p>It is conjectured by some that it is an error for <i>wappered</i>,
meaning tremulous or exhausted.</p>

<p><hw>Wap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [freq. of <i>wap</i>,
v.; cf. dial. G. <i>wappern</i>, <i>wippern</i>, to move up and down, to
rock.] <def>To cause to shake; to tremble; to move tremulously, as from
weakness; to totter.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
gudgeon.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
</p>

<p><hw>Wap"pet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small yelping
cur.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wap"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Yelping.</def>  [R.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>War</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ware; aware.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>War</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. &amp; AS. <i>werre</i>; akin to
OHG. <i>werra</i> scandal, quarrel, sedition, <i>werran</i> to confound,
mix, D. <i>warren</i>, G. <i>wirren</i>, ver<i>wirren</i>, to embroil,
confound, disturb, and perhaps to E. <i>worse</i>; cf. OF. <i>werre</i>
war, F. <i>querre</i>, of Teutonic origin.  Cf. <u>Guerrilla</u>,
<u>Warrior</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A contest between nations or states, carried on
by force, whether for defence, for revenging insults and redressing wrongs,
for the extension of commerce, for the acquisition of territory, for
obtaining and establishing the superiority and dominion of one over the
other, or for any other purpose; armed conflict of sovereign powers;
declared and open hostilities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men will ever distinguish <i>war</i> from mere
bloodshed.</blockquote> <i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; As <i>war</i> is the contest of nations or states, it always
implies that such contest is authorized by the monarch or the sovereign
power of the nation. A war begun by attacking another nation, is called an
<i>offensive</i> war, and such attack is <i>aggressive</i>. War undertaken
to repel invasion, or the attacks of an enemy, is called
<i>defensive</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A condition of belligerency to be
maintained by physical force. In this sense, levying war against the
sovereign authority is treason.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Instruments of war.</def>  [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>His complement of stores, and total <i>war</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Forces; army.</def>  [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>On their embattled ranks the waves return,<BR>
And overwhelm their <i>war</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The profession of arms; the art of
war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art but a youth, and he is a man of <i>war</i> from his
youth.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xvii. 33.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>a state of opposition or contest; an act of
opposition; an inimical contest, act, or action; enmity; hostility.</def>
"Raised impious <i>war</i> in heaven."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The words of his mouth were smoother than butter, but
<i>war</i> was in his heart.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lv. 21.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Civil war</b></col>, <cd>a war between different sections or
parties of the same country or nation.</cd> -- <col><b>Holy war</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Holy</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Man of war</b></col>.
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Public
war</b></col>, <cd>a war between independent sovereign states.</cd> --
<col><b>War cry</b></col>, <cd>a cry or signal used in war; as, the Indian
<i>war cry</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>War dance</b></col>, <cd>a dance among
savages preliminary to going to war. Among the North American Indians, it
is begun by some distinguished chief, and whoever joins in it thereby
enlists as one of the party engaged in a warlike excursion.</cd>
<i>Schoolcraft.</i> -- <col><b>War field</b></col>, <cd>a field of war or
battle.</cd> -- <col><b>War horse</b></col>, <cd>a horse used in war; the
horse of a cavalry soldier; especially, a strong, powerful, spirited horse
for military service; a charger.</cd> -- <col><b>War paint</b></col>,
<cd>paint put on the face and other parts of the body by savages, as a
token of going to war.</cd>  "Wash the <i>war paint</i> from your faces."
<i>Longfellow.</i> -- <col><b>War song</b></col>, <cd>a song of or
pertaining to war; especially, among the American Indians, a song at the
war dance, full of incitements to military ardor.</cd> -- <col><b>War
whoop</b></col>, <cd>a war cry, especially that uttered by the American
Indians.</cd></p>

<p><hw>War</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Warred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Warring</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make war; to invade or attack a state or nation
with force of arms; to carry on hostilities; to be in a state by
violence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rezin the king of Syria, and Pekah the son of Remaliah, king
of Israel, went up toward Jerusalem to <i>war</i> against it.</blockquote>
<i>Isa. vii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should I <i>war</i> without the walls of
Troy?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our countrymen were <i>warring</i> on that day!</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contend; to strive violently; to fight.</def>
"Lusts which <i>war</i> against the soul."  <i>1 Pet. ii. 11.</i></p>

<p><hw>War</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make war upon; to fight.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>war</i> the Scot, and borders to defend.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry on, as a contest; to wage.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That thou . . . mightest <i>war</i> a good
warfare.</blockquote> <i>Tim. i. 18.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"-beat`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Warworn.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Wormil</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small, hard
tumor which is produced on the back of a horse by the heat or pressure of
the saddle in traveling.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small tumor
produced by the larv&aelig; of the gadfly in the backs of horses, cattle,
etc. Called also <i>warblet</i>, <i>warbeetle</i>,
<i>warnles</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Wormil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Warbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Warbling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>werbelen</i>, OF. <i>werbler</i>; of Teutonic
origin; cf. G. <i>wirbeln</i> to turn, to warble, D. <i>wervelen</i>, akin
to E. <i>whirl</i>.  See <u>Whirl</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sing in a trilling, quavering, or vibratory
manner; to modulate with turns or variations; to trill; as, certain birds
are remarkable for <i>warbling</i> their songs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter musically; to modulate; to
carol.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If she be right invoked in <i>warbled</i> song.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Warbling</i> sweet the nuptial lay.</blockquote>
<i>Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to quaver or vibrate.</def>  "And touch
the <i>warbled</i> string."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be
quavered or modulated; to be uttered melodiously.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such strains ne'er <i>warble</i> in the linnet's
throat.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sing in a trilling manner, or with many turns
and variations.</def>  "Birds on the branches <i>warbling</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sing with sudden changes from chest to head
tones; to yodel.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quavering modulation of
the voice; a musical trill; a song.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he, the wondrous child,<BR>
Whose silver <i>warble</i> wild<BR>
Outvalued every pulsing sound.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, warbles; a singer; a songster; -- applied chiefly to
birds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In lulling strains the feathered <i>warblers</i>
woo.</blockquote> <i>Tickell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of small Old World singing birds belonging to the family
<i>Sylviid&aelig;</i>, many of which are noted songsters. The bluethroat,
blackcap, reed warbler (see under <u>Reed</u>), and sedge warbler (see
under <u>Sedge</u>) are well-known species.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of small, often bright colored, American singing birds of the family or
subfamily <i>Mniotiltid&aelig;</i>, or <i>Sylvicolin&aelig;</i>. They are
allied to the Old World warblers, but most of them are not particularly
musical.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The American warblers are often divided, according to their
habits, into <i>bush</i> warblers, <i>creeping</i> warblers, <i>fly-
catching</i> warblers, <i>ground</i> warblers, <i>wood</i> warblers,
<i>wormeating</i> warblers, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Bush warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>any American
warbler of the genus <i>Opornis</i>, as the Connecticut warbler (<i>O.
agilis</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Creeping warbler</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of very small American
warblers belonging to <i>Parula</i>, <i>Mniotilta</i>, and allied genera,
as the blue yellow-backed warbler (<i>Parula Americana</i>), and the black-
and-white creeper (<i>Mniotilta varia</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Fly-catching
warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of
warblers belonging to <i>Setophaga</i>, <i>Sylvania</i>, and allied genera
having the bill hooked and notched at the tip, with strong rictal bristles
at the base, as the hooded warbler (<i>Sylvania mitrata</i>), the black-
capped warbler (<i>S. pusilla</i>), the Canadian warbler (<i>S.
Canadensis</i>), and the American redstart (see <u>Redstart</u>).</cd> --
<col><b>Ground warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any American
warbler of the genus <i>Geothlypis</i>, as the mourning ground warbler
(<i>G. Philadelphia</i>), and the Maryland yellowthroat (see
<u>Yellowthroat</u>).</cd> -- <col><b>Wood warbler</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous American warblers of the genus
<i>Dendroica</i>. Among the most common wood warblers in the Eastern States
are the yellowbird, or yellow warbler (see under <u>Yellow</u>), the black-
throated green warbler (<i>Dendroica virens</i>), the yellow-rumped warbler
(<i>D. coronata</i>), the blackpoll (<i>D. striata</i>), the bay-breasted
warbler (<i>D. castanea</i>), the chestnut-sided warbler (<i>D.
Pennsylvanica</i>), the Cape May warbler (<i>D. tigrina</i>), the prairie
warbler (see under <u>Prairie</u>), and the pine warbler (<i>D. pinus</i>).
See also <i>Magnolia warbler</i>, under <u>Magnolia</u>, and
<u>Blackburnian warbler</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>War"bling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a warbling
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"burg's tinc"ture</hw> (?). <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A preparation
containing quinine and many other ingredients, often used in the treatment
of malarial affections. It was invented by Dr. <i>Warburg</i> of
London.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>-ward</hw> (w&etilde;rd), <hw>-wards</hw> (w&etilde;rdz) }. [AS.
<i>-weard</i>, <i>-weardes</i>; akin to OS. &amp; OFries. <i>-ward</i>. OHG.
<i>-wert</i>, G. <i>-w&auml;rts</i>, Icel. <i>-ver&eth;r</i>, Goth. <i>-
va&iacute;r&thorn;s</i>, L. <i>vertere</i> to turn, <i>versus</i> toward,
and E. <i>worth</i> to become. &radic;143.  See <u>Worth</u>. <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Verse</u>. Adverbs ending in <i>-wards</i> (AS.
<i>-weardes</i>) and some other adverbs, such as <i>besides</i>,
<i>betimes</i>, <i>since</i> (OE. <i>sithens</i>). etc., were originally
genitive forms used adverbially.] <def>Suffixes denoting <i>course</i> or
<i>direction to</i>; <i>motion</i> or <i>tendency toward</i>; as in
back<i>ward</i>, or back<i>wards</i>; to<i>ward</i>, or to<i>wards</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>weard</i>, fem., guard,
<i>weard</i>, masc., keeper, guard; akin to OS. <i>ward</i> a watcher,
warden, G. <i>wart</i>, OHG. <i>wart</i>, Icel. <i>v&ouml;r&eth;r</i> a
warden, a watch, Goth. <i>-wards</i> in da&uacute;ra<i>wards</i> a
doorkeeper, and E. <i>wary</i>; cf. OF. <i>warde</i> guard, from the
German.  See <u>Ware</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Wary</u>, and cf.
<u>Guard</u>, <u>Wraith</u>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of guarding;
watch; guard; guardianship; specifically, a guarding during the day.  See
the Note under <u>Watch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Still, when she slept, he kept both watch and
<i>ward</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, guards; garrison;
defender; protector; means of guarding; defense; protection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For the best <i>ward</i> of mine honor.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The assieged castle's <i>ward</i><BR>
Their steadfast stands did mightily maintain.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For want of other <i>ward</i>,<BR>
He lifted up his hand, his front to guard.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The state of being under guard or guardianship;
confinement under guard; the condition of a child under a guardian;
custody.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And he put them in <i>ward</i> in the house of the captain
of the guard.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xl. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I must attend his majesty's command, to whom I am now in
<i>ward</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is also inconvenient, in Ireland, that the <i>wards</i>
and marriages of gentlemen's children should be in the disposal of any of
those lords.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A guarding or defensive motion or position, as
in fencing; guard.</def>  "Thou knowest my old <i>ward</i>; here I lay, and
thus I bore my point." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, is guarded.</def>
Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A minor or person under the care of a guardian;
as, a <i>ward</i> in chancery.</def>  "You know our father's <i>ward</i>,
the fair Monimia."  <i>Otway.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A division of a county.</def>  [Eng. &
Scot.]</p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A division, district, or quarter of a town or
city.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Throughout the trembling city placed a guard,<BR>
Dealing an equal share to every <i>ward</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A division of a forest.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A division of a hospital; as, a fever
<i>ward</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A projecting ridge of metal
in the interior of a lock, to prevent the use of any key which has not a
corresponding notch for passing it.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A notch
or slit in a key corresponding to a ridge in the lock which it fits; a ward
notch.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lock is made . . . more secure by attaching <i>wards</i>
to the front, as well as to the back, plate of the lock, in which case the
key must be furnished with corresponding notches.</blockquote>
<i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1627 !></p>

<p><col><b>Ward penny</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd> money paid to
the sheriff or castellan for watching and warding a castle.</cd> --
<col><b>Ward staff</b></col>, <cd>a constable's or watchman's staff.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Warded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Warding</u>.] [OE. <i>wardien</i>, AS. <i>weardian</i> to keep, protect;
akin to OS. <i>ward&?;n</i> to watch, take care, OFries. <i>wardia</i>,
OHG. <i>wart&?;n</i>, G. <i>warten</i> to wait, wait on, attend to, Icel.
<i>var&?;a</i> to guarantee defend, Sw. <i>v&aring;rda</i> to guard, to
watch; cf. OF. <i>warder</i>, of German origin.  See <u>Ward</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Award</u>, <u>Guard</u>,
<u>Reward</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To keep in safety; to watch; to guard; formerly,
in a specific sense, to guard during the day time.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose gates he found fast shut, no living wight<BR>
To <i>ward</i> the same.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To defend; to protect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tell him it was a hand that <i>warded</i> him<BR>
From thousand dangers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To defend by walls, fortifications, etc.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To fend off; to repel; to turn aside, as
anything mischievous that approaches; -- usually followed by
<i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now <i>wards</i> a felling blow, now strikes
again.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The pointed javelin <i>warded</i> off his rage.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It instructs the scholar in the various methods of
<i>warding</i> off the force of objections.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ward</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be
vigilant; to keep guard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To act on the defensive with a weapon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She redoubling her blows drove the stranger to no other
shift than to <i>ward</i> and go back.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ward"-corn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Ward</i> + F.
<i>corne</i> horn, L. <i>cornu</i>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>The duty of
keeping watch and ward (see the Note under <u>Watch</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1) with a horn to be blown upon any occasion of
surprise.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ward"corps`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Wars</i> +
<i>corps</i>.] <def>Guardian; one set to watch over another.</def>  [Obs.]
"Though thou preyedest Argus . . . to be my <i>wardcorps</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ward"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wardein</i>, OF.
<i>wardein</i>, <i>gardein</i>, <i>gardain</i>, F. <i>gardien</i>.  See
<u>Guardian</u>, and <u>Ward</u> guard.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A keeper; a guardian; a watchman.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He called to the <i>warden</i> on the . . .
battlements.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An officer who keeps or guards; a keeper; as,
the <i>warden</i> of a prison.</def>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A head official; as, the <i>warden</i> of a
college; specifically <i>(Eccl.)</i>, a churchwarden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> [Properly, a keeping pear.] <def>A large, hard pear,
chiefly used for baking and roasting.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I would have had him roasted like a
<i>warden</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Warden pie</b></col>, <cd>a pie made of warden pears.</cd>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ward"en*ry</hw> (?), <hw>Ward"en*ship</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The office or jurisdiction of a warden.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ward"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who wards or keeps; a keeper; a guard.</def>  "The <i>warders</i> of the
gate."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A truncheon or staff carried by a king or a
commander in chief, and used in signaling his will.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When, lo! the king suddenly changed his mind,<BR>
Casts down his <i>warder</i> to arrest them there.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wafting his <i>warder</i> thrice about his head,<BR>
He cast it up with his auspicious hand,<BR>
Which was the signal, through the English spread,<BR>
This they should charge.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ward"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating, or
pertaining to, a kind of glass inclosure for keeping ferns, mosses, etc.,
or for transporting growing plants from a distance; as, a <i>Wardian</i>
case of plants; -- so named from the inventor, Nathaniel B. <i>Ward</i>, an
Englishman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ward"mote`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anciently, a meeting
of the inhabitants of a ward; also, a court formerly held in each ward of
London for trying defaults in matters relating to the watch, police, and
the like.</def> <i>Brande &amp; C.</i>  "Wards and <i>wardmotes</i>."  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ward"robe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>warderobe</i>, OF.
<i>warderobe</i>, F. <i>garderobe</i>; of German origin.  See <u>Ward</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and <u>Robe</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A room or apartment where clothes are kept, or
wearing apparel is stored; a portable closet for hanging up
clothes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wearing apparel, in general; articles of dress
or personal decoration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Flowers that their gay <i>wardrobe</i> wear.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With a pair of saddlebags containing his
<i>wardrobe</i>.</blockquote> <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A privy.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ward"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A room occupied as a messroom by the commissioned
officers of a war vessel.  See <u>Gunroom</u>.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A room used by the citizens of a city ward, for
meetings, political caucuses, elections, etc.</def>  [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>-wards</hw> (?). <def>See <u>-ward</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ward"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
office of a ward or keeper; care and protection of a ward; guardianship;
right of guardianship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wardship</i> is incident to tenure in
socage.</blockquote> <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of begin under a guardian;
pupilage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was the wisest act . . . in my
<i>wardship</i>.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wards"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Wardsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who keeps ward; a guard.</def>
[R.]  <i>Sydney Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ware</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Wear</u>.
<def>Wore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ware</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To wear, or
veer.  See <u>Wear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ware</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>w&amacr;r</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Seaweed.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Ware goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the brant; -- so
called because it feeds on ware, or seaweed.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ware</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ware</i>, AS. <i>waru</i>;
akin to D. <i>waar</i>, G. <i>waare</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>vara</i>, Dan.
<i>vare</i>; and probably to E. <i>worth</i>, a.  See <u>Worth</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Articles of merchandise; the sum of articles of
a particular kind or class; style or class of manufactures; especially, in
the plural, goods; commodities; merchandise.</def>  "Retails his
<i>wares</i> at wakes." <i>Shak.</i> "To chaffer with them and eke to sell
them their <i>ware</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It the people of the land bring <i>ware</i> or any victuals
on the Sabbath day to sell, that we would not buy it of them on the
Sabbath, or on the holy day.</blockquote> <i>Neh. x. 31.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Although originally and properly a collective noun, it admits of
a plural form, when articles of merchandise of different kinds are meant.
It is often used in composition; as in hard<i>ware</i>, glass<i>ware</i>,
tin<i>ware</i>, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Ware</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>war</i>, AS.
<i>w&aelig;r</i>. &radic;142.  See <u>Wary</u>.] <def>A ware; taking
notice; hence, wary; cautious; on one's guard.  See <u>Beware</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She was <i>ware</i> and knew it bet [better] than
he.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Of whom be thou <i>ware</i> also.</blockquote> <i>2. Tim.
iv. 15.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is <i>ware</i> enough; he is wily and circumspect for
stirring up any sedition.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The only good that grows of passed fear<BR>
Is to be wise, and <i>ware</i> of like again.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ware</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>waru</i> caution.] <def>The
state of being ware or aware; heed.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ware</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [As. <i>warian</i>.] <def>To make
ware; to warn; to take heed of; to beware of; to guard against.</def>
"<i>Ware</i> that I say."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . <i>ware</i> you for the sin of
avarice.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>ware</i> a rising tempest on the main.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ware"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wary; watchful;
cautious.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Ware"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wariness;
cautiousness.</def>  [Obs.] "Full of <i>warefulness</i>."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa*re"ga fly`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A Brazilian fly
whose larv&aelig; live in the skin of man and animals, producing painful
sores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ware"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Warehouses</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A storehouse for wares, or
goods.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ware"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Warehoused</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Warehousing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To deposit or secure in a warehouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place in the warehouse of the government or
customhouse stores, to be kept until duties are paid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ware"house`man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Warehousemen</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps
a warehouse; the owner or keeper of a dock warehouse or wharf
store.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who keeps a wholesale shop or store for
Manchester or woolen goods.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Warehouseman's itch</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a form of
eczema occurring on the back of the hands of warehousemen.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ware"hous`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of placing
goods in a warehouse, or in a customhouse store.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Warehousing system</b></col>, <cd>an arrangement for lodging
imported articles in the customhouse stores, without payment of duties
until they are taken out for home consumption. If re&euml;xported, they are
not charged with a duty.  See <i>Bonded warehouse</i>, under <u>Bonded</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Ware"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Ware</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Unwary; incautious; unheeding; careless;
unaware.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>wareless</i> of the evil<BR>
That by themselves unto themselves is wrought.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ware"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Cautiously; warily.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They bound him hand and foot with iron chains,<BR>
And with continual watch did <i>warely</i> keep.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>warance</i>. F.
<i>garance</i>, LL. <i>warentia</i>, <i>garantia</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Madder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ware"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room in which goods
are stored or exhibited for sale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wares</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See 4th
<u>Ware</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"fare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>War</i> + OE.
<i>fare</i> a journey, a passage, course, AS. <i>faru.</i> See <u>Fare</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Military service; military life; contest carried
on by enemies; hostilities; war.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Philistines gathered their armies together for
<i>warfare</i>, to fight with Israel.</blockquote> <i>I Sam. xxviii.
1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This day from battle rest;<BR>
Faithful hath been your <i>warfare</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contest; struggle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The weapons of our <i>warfare</i> are not
carnal.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. x. 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"fare`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lead a military
life; to carry on continual wars.</def>  <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"far`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One engaged in
warfare; a military man; a soldier; a warrior.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"ha`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>War</i> +
<i>hable</i>.] <def>Fit for war.</def>  [Obs.] "<i>Warhable</i> youth."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>War`i*an"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wariangel</i>,
<i>weryangle</i>; cf. AS. <i>wearg</i> outlaw, criminal, OHG, <i>warg</i>,
<i>warch</i>, Goth. <i>wargs</i> (in comp.), G. <i>w&uuml;rgengel</i>, i.
e., destroying angel, destroyer, killer, and E. <i>worry</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The red-backed shrike (<i>Lanius collurio</i>); --
called also <i>w&uuml;rger</i>, <i>worrier</i>, and <i>throttler</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>warriangle</i>, <i>weirangle</i>, etc.] [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ri*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wary
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ri*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wariness.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
South American monkey, one of the sapajous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ri*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being wary; care to foresee and guard against evil; cautiousness.</def>
"An almost reptile <i>wariness</i>." <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To determine what are little things in religion, great
<i>wariness</i> is to be used.</blockquote> <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Caution; watchfulness; circumspection; foresight; care;
vigilance; scrupulousness.</p>

<p><hw>War"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>warir</i> to
protect, heal, cure, F. <i>gu&eacute;ri&?;</i> to cure; of Teutonic origin;
cf. OHG. <i>werian</i>, <i>weren</i>, to protect, to hinder.  See
<u>Garret</u>.] <def>To protect from the effects of; hence, to cure; to
heal.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My brother shall be <i>warished</i> hastily.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Varro testifies that even at this day there be some who
<i>warish</i> and cure the stinging of serpents with their
spittle.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be cured; to
recover.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Your daughter . . . shall <i>warish</i> and
escape.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"i*son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>warison</i> safety,
supplies, cure, F. <i>gu&eacute;rison</i> cure.  See <u>Warish</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Preparation; protection; provision;
supply.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Reward; requital; guerdon.</def>  [Obs. or
Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wit and wisdom is good <i>warysoun</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Proverbs of Hending.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wark</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Work</u>.] <def>Work; a
building.</def>  [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wark"loom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tool; an
implement.</def>  [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>War"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fit
for war; disposed for war; as, a <i>warlike</i> state; a <i>warlike</i>
disposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old Siward, with ten thousand <i>warlike</i>
men.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Belonging or relating to war; military;
martial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The great archangel from his <i>warlike</i> toil
Surceased.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Martial; hostile; soldierly.  See <u>Martial</u>.</p>

<p><hw>War"like`ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
warlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One often quarreled
with; -- &?; word coined, perhaps, to rhyme with <i>darling</i>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Better be an old man's darling than a young man's
<i>warling</i>.</blockquote> <i>Camde&?;.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>warloghe</i> a
deceiver, a name or the Devil, AS. <i>w&?;rloga</i> a belier or breaker of
his agreement, word, or pledge; <i>w&?;r</i> covenant, troth (aki&?; to L.
<i>verus</i> true; see <u>Very</u>) + <i>loga</i> a liar (in comp.),
<i>le&oacute;gan</i> to lie.  See 3d <u>Lie</u>.] <def>A male witch; a
wizard; a sprite; an imp.</def>  [Written also <i>warluck</i>.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was Eyvind Kallda's crew<BR>
Of <i>warlocks</i> blue,<BR>
With their caps of darkness hooded!</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"lock</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
warlock or warlock; impish.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt win the <i>warlock</i> fight.</blockquote> <i>J.
R. Drak&?;.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"lock*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Impishness;
magic.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Warlike.</def>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Warm</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Warmer</u>; <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Warmest</u>.] [AS.
<i>wearm</i>; akin to OS., OFries., D., &amp; G. <i>warm</i>, Icel.
<i>varmr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>varm</i>, Goth. <i>warmjan</i> to warm;
probably akin to Lith. <i>virti</i> to cook, boil; or perhaps to Skr.
<i>gharma</i> heat, OL. <i>formus</i> warm. &?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having heat in a moderate degree; not cold as,
<i>warm</i> milk.</def>  "Whose blood is <i>warm</i> within."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Warm</i> and still is the summer night.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a sensation of heat, esp. of gentle heat;
glowing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Subject to heat; having prevalence of heat, or
little or no cold weather; as, the <i>warm</i> climate of Egypt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Not cool, indifferent, lukewarm, or the
like, in spirit or temper; zealous; ardent; fervent; excited; sprightly;
irritable; excitable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mirth, and youth, and <i>warm</i> desire!</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each <i>warm</i> wish springs mutual from the
heart.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They say he's <i>warm</i> man and does not care to be mad&?;
mouths at.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I had been none of the <i>warmest</i> of
partisans.</blockquote> <i>Hawthor&?;&?;.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Violent; vehement; furious; excited; passionate;
as, a <i>warm</i> contest; a <i>warm</i> debate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Welcome, daylight; we shall have <i>warm</i> work
on't.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Being well off as to property, or in good
circumstances; forehanded; rich.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Warm</i> householders, every one of them.</blockquote>
<i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall have a draft upon him, payable at sight: and let
me tell you he as <i>warm</i> a man as any within five miles round
him.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>In children's games, being near the object
sought for; hence, being close to the discovery of some person, thing, or
fact concealed.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Here, indeed, young Mr. Dowse was getting "<i>warm</i>,"
&?;&?; children say at blindman's buff.</blockquote> <i>Black.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Having yellow or red for a
basis, or in their composition; -- said of colors, and opposed to
<i>cold</i> which is of blue and its compounds.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ardent; zealous; fervent; glowing; enthusiastic; cordial;
keen; violent; furious; hot.</p>

<p><hw>Warm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Warmed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Warming</u>.]
[AS. <i>wearmian</i>.  See <u>Warm</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To communicate a moderate degree of heat to; to
render warm; to supply or furnish heat to; as, a stove <i>warms</i> an
apartment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then shall it [an ash tree] be for a man to burn; for he
will take thereof and <i>warm</i> himself.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xliv
15</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Enough to <i>warm</i>, but not enough to burn.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make engaged or earnest; to interest; to
engage; to excite ardor or zeal; to enliven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I formerly <i>warmed</i> my head with reading controversial
writings.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bright hopes, that erst bosom <i>warmed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1628 !></p>

<p><hw>Warm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wearmian</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To become warm, or moderately heated; as, the
earth soon <i>warms</i> in a clear day summer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There shall not be a coal to <i>warm</i> at.</blockquote>
<i>Isa. xlvii. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become ardent or animated; as, the speake&?;
<i>warms</i> as he proceeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Warm</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of warming, or the
state of being warmed; a warming; a heating.</def>  [Colloq.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Warm"-blood`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>Having warm blood; -- applied especially to those animals, as birds
and mammals, which have warm blood, or, more properly, the power of
maintaining a nearly uniform temperature whatever the temperature of the
surrounding air.  See <u>Homoiothermal</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Warm"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
warms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Warm"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in capacity
to warm; giving warmth; as, a <i>warmful</i> garment.</def>  [R.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Warm"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having strong
affection; cordial; sincere; hearty; sympathetic.</def>  -- <wf>Warm"-
heart`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Warm"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Warm</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Warming pan</b></col>, <cd>a long-handled covered pan into which
live coals are put, -- used for warming beds.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Warm"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a warm manner;
ardently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Warm"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Warmth.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes ar a
trade or business; a mercenary.</def>  [R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"mouth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
American freshwater bream, or sunfish (<i>Ch&aelig;nobryttus gulosus</i>);
-- called also <i>red-eyed bream</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Warmth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being warm; gentle heat; as, the <i>warmth</i> of the
sun; the <i>warmth</i> of the blood; vital <i>warmth</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here kindly <i>warmth</i> their mounting juice
ferments.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A state of lively and excited interest; zeal;
ardor; fervor; passion; enthusiasm; earnestness; as, the <i>warmth</i> of
love or piety; he replied with much <i>warmth</i>.</def> "<i>Spiritual
warmth</i>, and holy fires."  <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>warmth</i> . . . which agrees with Christian
zeal.</blockquote> <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Paint.)</i> <def>The glowing effect which arises
from the use of warm colors; hence, any similar appearance or effect in a
painting, or work of color.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Zeal; ardor; fervor; fervency; heat; glow; earnestness;
cordiality; animation; eagerness; excitement; vehemence.</p>

<p><hw>Warmth"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without warmth;
not communicating warmth; cold.</def>  [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Warn</hw> (w&add;rn), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wernen</i>,
AS. <i>weornan</i>, <i>wyrnan</i>.  Cf. <u>Warn</u> to admonish.] <def>To
refuse.</def>  [Written also <i>wern</i>, <i>worn</i>.] [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Warn</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Warned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Warning</u>.] [OE.
<i>warnen</i>, <i>warnien</i>, AS. <i>warnian</i>, <i>wearnian</i>, to take
heed, to warn; akin to AS. <i>wearn</i> denial, refusal, OS.
<i>warning</i>, <i>wernian</i>, to refuse, OHG. <i>warnen</i>, G.
<i>warnen</i> to warn, OFries. <i>warna</i>, <i>werna</i>, Icel.
<i>varna</i> to refuse; and probably to E. <i>wary</i>. &?;&?;&?;&?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make ware or aware; to give previous
information to; to give notice to; to notify; to admonish; hence, to notify
or summon by authority; as, to <i>warn</i> a town meeting; to <i>warn</i> a
tenant to quit a house.</def> "<i>Warned</i> of the ensuing fight."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cornelius the centurion . . . was <i>warned</i> from God by
an holy angel to send for thee.</blockquote> <i>Acts x. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who is it that hath <i>warned</i> us to the
walls?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give notice to, of approaching or probable
danger or evil; to caution against anything that may prove injurious.</def>
"Juturna <i>warns</i> the Daunian chief of Lausus' danger, urging swift
relief."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To ward off.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Warn"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who warns; an
admonisher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Warn"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A warrener.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Warn"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Giving previous notice;
cautioning; admonishing; as, a <i>warning</i> voice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>warning</i> timepiece never ceased.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Warning piece</b></col>, <col><b>Warning wheel</b></col>
<i>(Horol.)</i>, <cd>a piece or wheel which produces a sound shortly before
the clock strikes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Warn"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Previous
notice.</def>  "At a month's <i>warning</i>."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A great journey to take upon so short a
<i>warning</i>.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Caution against danger, or against faults or
evil practices which incur danger; admonition; monition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Could <i>warning</i> make the world more just or
wise.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Warn"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a warning
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Warn"store</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. OF.
<i>warnesture</i>, <i>garnesture</i>, provisions, supplies, and E.
<i>garnish</i>.] <def>To furnish.</def>  [Obs.] "To <i>warnstore</i> your
house."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Warp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Warped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Warping</u>.] [OE. <i>warpen</i>; fr. Icel. <i>varpa</i> to throw, cast,
<i>varp</i> a casting, fr. <i>verpa</i> to throw; akin to Dan. <i>varpe</i>
to warp a ship, Sw. <i>varpa</i>, AS. <i>weorpan</i> to cast, OS.
<i>werpan</i>, OFries. <i>werpa</i>, D. &amp; LG. <i>werpen</i>, G.
<i>werfen</i>, Goth. <i>wa&iacute;rpan</i>; cf. Skr. <i>vrj</i> to twist.
&?;&?;&?;&?;.  Cf. <u>Wrap</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw; hence, to send forth, or throw out, as
words; to utter.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn or twist out of shape; esp., to twist or
bend out of a flat plane by contraction or otherwise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The planks looked <i>warped</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Walter <i>warped</i> his mouth at this<BR>
To something so mock solemn, that I laughed.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To turn aside from the true direction; to cause
to bend or incline; to pervert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This first avowed, nor folly <i>warped</i> my
mind.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have no private considerations to <i>warp</i> me in this
controversy.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are divested of all those passions which cloud the
intellects, and <i>warp</i> the understandings, of men.</blockquote>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To weave; to fabricate.</def>  [R. &amp; Poetic.]
<i>Nares.</i></p>

<p>
<blockquote>While doth he mischief <i>warp</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sternhold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To tow or move, as a vessel, with
a line, or warp, attached to a buoy, anchor, or other fixed
object.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To cast prematurely, as young; -- said of
cattle, sheep, etc.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To let the tide or other water
in upon (lowlying land), for the purpose of fertilization, by a deposit of
warp, or slimy substance.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Rope Making)</i> <def>To run off the reel into
hauls to be tarred, as yarns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>To arrange (yarns) on a warp
beam.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Warped surface</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>, <cd>a surface generated
by a straight line moving so that no two of its consecutive positions shall
be in the same plane.</cd>  <i>Davies &amp; Peck.</i></p>

<p><hw>Warp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
turn, twist, or be twisted out of shape; esp., to be twisted or bent out of
a flat plane; as, a board <i>warps</i> in seasoning or shrinking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of you will prove a shrunk panel, and, like green
timber, <i>warp</i>, <i>warp</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They clamp one piece of wood to the end of another, to keep
it from casting, or <i>warping</i>.</blockquote> <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>to turn or incline from a straight, true, or
proper course; to deviate; to swerve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is our commission,<BR>
From which we would not have you <i>warp</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fly with a bending or waving motion; to turn
and wave, like a flock of birds or insects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A pitchy cloud<BR>
Of locusts, <i>warping</i> on the eastern wind.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To cast the young prematurely; to slink; -- said
of cattle, sheep, etc.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>To wind yarn off bobbins for
forming the warp of a web; to wind a warp on a warp beam.</def></p>

<p><hw>Warp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wearp</i>; akin to Icel.
<i>varp</i> a casting, throwing, Sw. <i>varp</i> the draught of a net, Dan.
<i>varp</i> a towline, OHG. <i>warf</i> warp, G. <i>werft</i>.  See
<u>Warp</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>The threads which are extended
lengthwise in the loom, and crossed by the woof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A rope used in hauling or moving
a vessel, usually with one end attached to an anchor, a post, or other
fixed object; a towing line; a warping hawser.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A slimy substance deposited on
land by tides, etc., by which a rich alluvial soil is formed.</def>
<i>Lyell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A premature casting of young; -- said of cattle,
sheep, etc.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Four; esp., four herrings; a cast.  See
<u>Cast</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 17.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> [From <u>Warp</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>The
state of being warped or twisted; as, the <i>warp</i> of a board.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Warp beam</b></col>, <cd>the roller on which the warp is wound
in a loom.</cd> -- <col><b>Warp fabric</b></col>, <cd>fabric produced by
warp knitting.</cd> -- <col><b>Warp frame</b></col>, or <col><b>Warp-net
frame</b></col>, <cd>a machine for making warp lace having a number of
needles and employing a thread for each needle.</cd> -- <col><b>Warp
knitting</b></col>, <cd>a kind of knitting in which a number of threads are
interchained each with one or more contiguous threads on either side; --
also called <i>warp weaving</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Warp lace</b></col>, or
<col><b>Warp net</b></col>, <cd>lace having a warp crossed by weft
threads.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Warp"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of warping;
also, a charge per ton made on shipping in some harbors.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"path`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The route taken by a
party of Indians going on a warlike expedition.</def>
<i>Schoolcraft.</i></p>

<p><col><b>On the warpath</b></col>, <cd>on a hostile expedition; hence,
colloquially, about to attack a person or measure.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Warp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, warps or twists out of shape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, forms yarn or thread
into warps or webs for the loom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Warp"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
or process of one who, or that which, warps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art or occupation of preparing warp or webs
for the weaver.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Warping bank</b></col>, <cd>a bank of earth raised round a field
to retain water let in for the purpose of enriching land.</cd>
<i>Craig.</i> -- <col><b>Warping hook</b></col>, <cd>a hook used by rope
makers for hanging the yarn on, when warping it into hauls for
tarring.</cd> -- <col><b>Warping mill</b></col>, <cd>a machine for warping
yarn.</cd> -- <col><b>Warping penny</b></col>, <cd>money, varying according
to the length of the thread, paid to the weaver by the spinner on laying
the warp.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] <i>Wright.</i> -- <col><b>Warping
post</b></col>, <cd>a strong post used in warping rope-yarn.</cd></p>

<p><hw>War"proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Valor tried by
war.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"ra*gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The dingo.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"ran*dice</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Warrantise</u>.]
<i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>The obligation by which a person, conveying a
subject or a right, is bound to uphold that subject or right against every
claim, challenge, or burden arising from circumstances prior to the
conveyance; warranty.</def>  [Written also <i>warrandise</i>.]
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>warant</i>, OF.
<i>warant</i> a warrant, a defender, protector, F. <i>garant</i>,
originally a p. pr. pf German origin, fr. OHG. <i>wer&emacr;n</i> to grant,
warrant, G. ge<i>w&auml;hren</i>; akin to OFries. <i>wera</i>.  Cf.
<u>Guarantee</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which warrants or authorizes; a commission
giving authority, or justifying the doing of anything; an act, instrument,
or obligation, by which one person authorizes another to do something which
he has not otherwise a right to do; an act or instrument investing one with
a right or authority, and thus securing him from loss or damage;
commission; authority.</def>  Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A writing which authorizes a person to receive
money or other thing.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A precept issued by a magistrate
authorizing an officer to make an arrest, a seizure, or a search, or do
other acts incident to the administration of justice.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Mil. &amp; Nav.)</i> <def>An official certificate of
appointment issued to an officer of lower rank than a commissioned officer.
See <i>Warrant officer</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which vouches or insures for anything;
guaranty; security.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I give thee <i>warrant</i> of thy place.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His worth is <i>warrant</i> for his welcome
hither.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which attests or proves; a
voucher.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Right; legality; allowance.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Bench warrant</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See in the
Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Dock warrant</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>a
customhouse license or authority.</cd> -- <col><b>General
warrant</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under <u>General</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Land warrant</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Land</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Search warrant</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under <u>Search</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Warrant of attorney</b></col>
<i>(Law)</i>, <cd>written authority given by one person to another
empowering him to transact business for him; specifically, written
authority given by a client to his attorney to appear for him in court, and
to suffer judgment to pass against him by confession in favor of some
specified person.</cd> <i>Bouvier.</i> -- <col><b>Warrant
officer</b></col>, <cd>a noncommissioned officer, as a sergeant, corporal,
bandmaster, etc., in the army, or a quartermaster, gunner, boatswain, etc.,
in the navy.</cd> -- <col><b>Warrant to sue and defend</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <cd>A special warrant from the
crown, authorizing a party to appoint an attorney to sue or defend for
him.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A special authority given by a party to
his attorney to commence a suit, or to appear and defend a suit in his
behalf. This warrant is now disused.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"rant</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Warranted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Warranting</u>.] [OE. <i>waranten</i>, OF. <i>warantir</i>,
<i>garantir</i>, <i>guarantir</i>, <i>garentir</i>, <i>garandir</i>, F.
<i>garantir</i> to warrant, fr. OF. <i>warant</i>, <i>garant</i>,
<i>guarant</i>, a warrant, a protector, a defender, F. <i>garant</i>.
&radic;142.  See <u>Warrant</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make secure; to give assurance against harm;
to guarantee safety to; to give authority or power to do, or forbear to do,
anything by which the person authorized is secured, or saved harmless, from
any loss or damage by his action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That show I first my body to <i>warrant</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll <i>warrant</i> him from drowning.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In a place<BR>
Less <i>warranted</i> than this, or less secure,<BR>
I can not be.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To support by authority or proof; to justify; to
maintain; to sanction; as, reason <i>warrants</i> it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>True fortitude is seen in great exploits,<BR>
That justice <i>warrants</i>, and that wisdom guides.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How little while it is since he went forth out of his study,
-- chewing a Hebrew text of Scripture in his mouth, I
<i>warrant</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give a warrant or warranty to; to assure as
if by giving a warrant to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[My neck is] as smooth as silk, I <i>warrant</i>
ye.</blockquote> <i>L' Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To secure to,
as a grantee, an estate granted; to assure.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>To secure to, as a purchaser of goods, the title to the same; to
indemnify against loss.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>To secure to, as a
purchaser, the quality or quantity of the goods sold, as represented.  See
<u>Warranty</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def>  <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>To assure, as a thing sold, to the purchaser; that is, to engage that
the thing is what it appears, or is represented, to be, which implies a
covenant to make good any defect or loss incurred by it.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"rant*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Authorized by
commission, precept, or right; justifiable; defensible; as, the seizure of
a thief is always <i>warrantable</i> by law and justice; falsehood is never
<i>warrantable</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His meals are coarse and short, his employment
<i>warrantable</i>, <i>his sleep certain and refreshing</i>.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>War"rant*a*ble*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>War"rant*bly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>War`ran*tee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
person to whom a warrant or warranty is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"rant*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who warrants, gives authority, or legally empowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who assures, or covenants to
assure; one who contracts to secure another in a right, or to make good any
defect of title or quality; one who gives a warranty; a guarantor; as, the
<i>warranter</i> of a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"rant*ise</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>warentise</i>,
<i>warandise</i>, <i>garantise</i>.  See <u>Warrant</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Authority; security; warranty.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"rant*ise</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To warrant.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"rant*or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who
warrants.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"rant*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Warranties</b></plw> (#). [OF. <i>warantie</i>, F. <i>garantie</i>.
See <u>Warrant</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Guaranty</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anc. Law)</i> <def>A covenant real, whereby the
grantor of an estate of freehold and his heirs were bound to warrant and
defend the title, and, in case of eviction by title paramount, to yield
other lands of equal value in recompense. This <i>warranty</i> has long
singe become obsolete, and its place supplied by personal covenants for
title. Among these is the <i>covenant of warranty</i>, which runs with the
land, and is in the nature of a real covenant.</def>  <i>Kent.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Modern Law)</i> <def>An engagement or
undertaking, express or implied, that a certain fact regarding the subject
of a contract is, or shall be, as it is expressly or impliedly declared or
promised to be. In sales of goods by persons in possession, there is an
<i>implied warranty of title</i>, but, as to the <i>quality</i> of goods,
the rule of every sale is, <i>Caveat emptor</i>.</def>  <i>Chitty.
Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Insurance Law)</i> <def>A stipulation or
engagement by a party insured, that certain things, relating to the subject
of insurance, or affecting the risk, exist, or shall exist, or have been
done, or shall be done. These <i>warranties</i>, when express, should
appear in the policy; but there are certain implied warranties.</def>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Justificatory mandate or precept; authority;
warrant.</def>  [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If they disobey precept, that is no excuse to us, nor gives
us any <i>warranty</i> . . . to disobey likewise.</blockquote>
<i>Kettlewe&?;&?;.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Security; warrant; guaranty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stamp was a <i>warranty</i> of the public.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Guarantee</u>.</p>

<p><hw>War"rant*y</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To warrant; to
guarantee.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"ray</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OF. <i>werreier</i>,
<i>werrier</i>, <i>guerroier</i>, F. <i>guerroyer</i>, from OF.
<i>werre</i> war, F. <i>guerre</i>; of German origin.  See <u>War</u>.]
<def>To make war upon. [Obs.] <i>Fairfax</i>.</def>  "When a man
<i>warrayeth</i> truth."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Warre</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>werre</i>; of Scand.
origin.  See <u>Worse</u>.] <def>Worse.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They say the world is much <i>warre</i> than it
wont.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1629 !></p>

<p><hw>War"ren</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of. <i>waresne</i>,
<i>warenne</i>, <i>garene</i>, F. <i>garenne</i>, from OF. <i>warer</i>,
<i>garer</i>, to beware, to take care; of Teutonic origin; cf. OHG.
<i>war&?;n</i> (in comp.), OS. <i>war&?;n</i> to take care, to observe,
akin to E. <i>wary</i>. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Wary</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A place
privileged, by prescription or grant the king, for keeping certain animals
(as hares, conies, partridges, pheasants, etc.) called beasts and fowls of
<i>warren</i>.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A privilege
which one has in his lands, by royal grant or prescription, of hunting and
taking wild beasts and birds of <i>warren</i>, to the exclusion of any
other person not entering by his permission.</def>  <i>Spelman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They wend both <i>warren</i> and in waste.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>warren</i> is the next franchise in degree to the park;
and a forest, which is the highest in dignity, comprehends a chase, a park,
and a free warren.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of ground for the breeding of
rabbits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A place for keeping flash, in a river.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"ren*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The keeper of a
warren.</def></p>

<p><hw>War`ri*an"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Wariangle</u>.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>War"rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Warye</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>War"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From a native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An Australian lorikeet (<i>Trichoglossus
multicolor</i>) remarkable for the variety and brilliancy of its colors; --
called also <i>blue-bellied lorikeet</i>, and <i>blue-bellied
parrot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"rior</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>werreour</i>,
OF. <i>werreour</i>, <i>guerreor</i>, from <i>guerre</i>, <i>werre</i>,
war.  See <u>War</u>, and <u>Warray</u>.] <def>A man engaged or experienced
in war, or in the military life; a soldier; a champion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Warriors</i> old with ordered spear and
shield.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Warrior ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a reddish ant
(<i>Formica sanguinea</i>) native of Europe and America. It is one of the
species which move in armies to capture and enslave other ants.</cd></p>

<p><hw>War"rior*ess</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A female warrior.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>War"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Warye</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>War"saw</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The black grouper (<i>Epinephelus nigritus</i>) of
the southern coasts of the United States.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The jewfish; -- called also <i>guasa</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wart</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>werte</i>, AS.
<i>wearte</i>; akin to D. <i>wrat</i>, G. <i>warze</i>, OHG. <i>warza</i>,
Icel. <i>varta</i>, Sw. <i>v&aring;rta</i>, Dan. <i>vorte</i>; perh. orig.,
a growth, and akin to E. <i>wort</i>; or cf. L. <i>verruca</i> wart.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A small, usually hard, tumor on
the skin formed by enlargement of its vascular papill&aelig;, and
thickening of the epidermis which covers them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An excrescence or protuberance more or less
resembling a true wart; specifically <i>(Bot.)</i>, a glandular excrescence
or hardened protuberance on plants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Fig wart</b></col>, <col><b>Moist wart</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>a soft, bright red, pointed or tufted tumor found about the genitals,
often massed into groups of large size. It is a variety of condyloma.
Called also <i>pointed wart</i>, <i>venereal wart</i>.</cd> <i>L. A.
Duhring.</i> -- <col><b>Wart cress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the swine's
cress.  See under <u>Swine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wart snake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of East Indian
colubrine snakes of the genus <i>Acrochordus</i>, having the body covered
with wartlike tubercles or spinose scales, and lacking cephalic plates and
ventral scutes.</cd> -- <col><b>Wart spurge</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
kind of wartwort (<i>Euphorbia Helioscopia</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wart"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having little
knobs on the surface; verrucose; as, a <i>warted</i> capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wart" hog`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Either one of two
species of large, savage African wild hogs of the genus
<i>Phacoch&oelig;rus</i>.  These animals have a pair of large, rough,
fleshy tubercles behind the tusks and second pair behind the eyes. The
tusks are large and strong, and both pairs curve upward. The body is
scantily covered with bristles, but there is long dorsal mane. The South
African species (<i>Phacoch&oelig;rus &AElig;thiopicus</i>) is the best
known. Called also <i>vlacke vark</i>. The second species (<i>P.
&AElig;liani</i>) is native of the coasts of the Red Sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wart"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no wart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wart"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Wartwort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wart"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name
given to several plants because they were thought to be a cure for warts,
as a kind of spurge (<i>Euphorbia Helioscopia</i>), and the nipplewort
(<i>Lampsana communis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Wart"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
warts; full of warts; overgrow with warts; as, a <i>warty</i>
leaf.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of the nature of warts; as, a <i>warty</i>
excrescence.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Warty egg</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a marine univalve
shell (<i>Ovulum verrucosum</i>), having the surface covered with wartlike
elevations.</cd></p>

<p><hw>War"wick*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
dark brown or black mineral, occurring in prismatic crystals imbedded in
limestone near <i>Warwick</i>, New York. It consists of the borate and
titanate of magnesia and iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>War"worn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worn with military
service; as, a <i>warworn</i> soldier; a <i>warworn</i> coat.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Warier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Wariest</u>.] [OE.
<i>war</i>, AS. <i>w&aelig;r</i>; akin to Icel. <i>v&?;rr</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>var</i>, Goth. <i>wars</i>, G. ge<i>wahr</i> aware, OHG. <i>wara</i>
notice, attention, Gr. &?; to see.  Cf. <u>Aware</u>, <u>Garment</u>,
<u>Garnish</u>, <u>Garrison</u>, <u>Panorama</u>, <u>Ward</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <u>Ware</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Warren</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cautious of danger; carefully watching and
guarding against deception, artifices, and dangers; timorously or
suspiciously prudent; circumspect; scrupulous; careful.</def>  "Bear a
<i>wary</i> eye."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We should be <i>wary</i>, therefore, what persecution we
raise against the living labors of public men.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by caution; guarded;
careful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It behoveth our words to be <i>wary</i> and
few.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cautious; circumspect; watchful.  See
<u>Cautious</u>.</p>

<p><hw>War"ye</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wergian</i>,
<i>wyrgean</i>.  Cf. <u>Worry</u>.] <def>To curse; to curse; to execrate;
to condemn; also, to vex.</def>  [Obs.] [Spelled also <i>warrie</i>,
<i>warry</i>, and <i>wary</i>.] "Whom I thus blame and <i>warye</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Was</hw> (w&obreve;z). [AS. <i>w&aelig;s</i>, 2d pers.
<i>w&aemacr;re</i>, 3d pers. <i>w&aelig;s</i>, pl. <i>w&aemacr;ron</i>,
with the inf. <i>wesan</i> to be; akin to D. <i>wezen</i>, imp. <i>was</i>,
OHG. <i>wesan</i>, imp. <i>was</i>, G. <i>wesen</i>, n., a being, essence,
<i>war</i> was, Icel. <i>vera</i> to be, imp. <i>var</i>, Goth.
<i>wisan</i> to be, to dwell, to remain, imp. <i>was</i>, Skr. <i>vas</i>
to remain, to dwell. &radic;148.   Cf. <u>Vernacular</u>, <u>Wassail</u>,
<u>Were</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>The first and third persons
singular of the verb <i>be</i>, in the indicative mood, preterit
(imperfect) tense; as, I <i>was</i>; he <i>was</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wase</hw> (w&amacr;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>vase</i> a
sheaf.] <def>A bundle of straw, or other material, to relieve the pressure
of burdens carried upon the head.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wash</hw> (w&obreve;sh), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Washed</u> (w&obreve;sht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Washing</u>.] [OE. <i>waschen</i>, AS. <i>wascan</i>; akin
to D. <i>wasschen</i>, G. <i>waschen</i>, OHG. <i>wascan</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw.
<i>vaska</i>, Dan. <i>vaske</i>, and perhaps to E. <i>water</i>.
&radic;150.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cleanse by ablution, or dipping or
rubbing in water; to apply water or other liquid to for the purpose of
cleansing; to scrub with water, etc., or as with water; as, to <i>wash</i>
the hands or body; to <i>wash</i> garments; to <i>wash</i> sheep or wool;
to <i>wash</i> the pavement or floor; to <i>wash</i> the bark of
trees.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When Pilate saw that he could prevail nothing, . . . he took
water and <i>washed</i> his hands before the multitude, saying, I am
innocent of the blood of this just person.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxvii.
24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover with water or any liquid; to wet; to
fall on and moisten; hence, to overflow or dash against; as, waves
<i>wash</i> the shore.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fresh-blown roses <i>washed</i> with dew.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[The landscape] <i>washed</i> with a cold, gray
mist.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To waste or abrade by the force of water in
motion; as, heavy rains <i>wash</i> a road or an embankment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To remove by washing to take away by, or as by,
the action of water; to drag or draw off as by the tide; -- often with
<i>away</i>, <i>off</i>, <i>out</i>, etc.; as, to <i>wash</i> dirt from the
hands.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arise, and be baptized, and <i>wash</i> away thy
sins.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The tide will <i>wash</i> you off.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cover with a thin or watery coat of color; to
tint lightly and thinly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To overlay with a thin coat of metal; as, steel
<i>washed</i> with silver.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To wash gold</b></col>, etc., <cd>to treat earth or gravel, or
crushed ore, with water, in order to separate the gold or other metal, or
metallic ore, through their superior gravity.</cd> -- <col><b>To wash the
hands of</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Hand</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
perform the act of ablution.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wash</i> in Jordan seven times.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings
v. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clean anything by rubbing or dipping it in
water; to perform the business of cleansing clothes, ore, etc., in
water.</def>  "She can <i>wash</i> and scour."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bear without injury the operation of being
washed; as, some calicoes do not <i>wash</i>.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be wasted or worn away by the action of
water, as by a running or overflowing stream, or by the dashing of the sea;
-- said of road, a beach, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
washing; an ablution; a cleansing, wetting, or dashing with water; hence, a
quantity, as of clothes, washed at once.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A piece of ground washed by the action of a sea
or river, or sometimes covered and sometimes left dry; the shallowest part
of a river, or arm of the sea; also, a bog; a marsh; a fen; as, the
<i>washes</i> in Lincolnshire.</def>  "The <i>Wash</i> of Edmonton so gay."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These Lincoln <i>washes</i> have devoured them.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Substances collected and deposited by the action
of water; as, the <i>wash</i> of a sewer, of a river, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>wash</i> of pastures, fields, commons, and roads,
where rain water hath a long time settled.</blockquote>
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Waste liquid, the refuse of food, the collection
from washed dishes, etc., from a kitchen, often used as food for
pigs.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Distilling)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
fermented wort before the spirit is extracted.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A mixture of dunder, molasses, water, and scummings, used in the West
Indies for distillation.</def>  <i>B. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>That with which anything is washed, or wetted,
smeared, tinted, etc., upon the surface.</def>  Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A liquid cosmetic for the complexion.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A liquid dentifrice.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A liquid preparation for the hair; as, a hair
<i>wash</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A medical preparation in a liquid form for
external application; a lotion.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Painting)</i> <def>A thin coat of color, esp.
water color.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(j)</i></sd> <def>A thin coat of metal laid on anything for
beauty or preservation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The blade of
an oar, or the thin part which enters the water.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The backward current or disturbed water caused by the action of oars,
or of a steamer's screw or paddles, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The flow, swash, or breaking of a body of water,
as a wave; also, the sound of it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Ten strikes, or bushels, of oysters.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Wash ball</b></col>, <cd>a ball of soap to be used in washing
the hands or face.</cd> <i>Swift.</i> -- <col><b>Wash barrel</b></col>
<i>(Fisheries)</i>, <cd>a barrel nearly full of split mackerel, loosely put
in, and afterward filled with salt water in order to soak the blood from
the fish before salting.</cd> -- <col><b>Wash bottle</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A bottle partially filled with some
liquid through which gases are passed for the purpose of purifying them,
especially by removing soluble constituents.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
washing bottle. See under <u>Washing</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wash
gilding</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Water gilding</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wash
leather</b></col>, <cd>split sheepskin dressed with oil, in imitation of
chamois, or shammy, and used for dusting, cleaning glass or plate, etc.;
also, alumed, or buff, leather for soldiers' belts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wash</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Washy;
weak.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their bodies of so weak and <i>wash</i> a
temper.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of being washed without injury;
washable; as, <i>wash</i> goods.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wash"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
washed without damage to fabric or color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
fluted, or ribbed, board on which clothes are rubbed in washing
them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A board running round, and serving as a facing
for, the walls of a room, next to the floor; a mopboard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A broad, thin plank, fixed along
the gunwale of boat to keep the sea from breaking inboard; also, a plank on
the sill of a lower deck port, for the same purpose; -- called also
<i>wasteboard</i>.</def>  <i>Mar. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wash"bowl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A basin, or bowl, to
hold water for washing one's hands, face, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash"dish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
washbowl.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Washerwoman</u>,
2.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Washed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Appearing as if overlaid with a thin layer of different color; -- said
of the colors of certain birds and insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Wash</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wash"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>w&aelig;scere</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, washes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A ring of metal, leather, or other material, or
a perforated plate, used for various purposes, as around a bolt or screw to
form a seat for the head or nut, or around a wagon axle to prevent endwise
motion of the hub of the wheel and relieve friction, or in a joint to form
a packing, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Plumbing)</i> <def>A fitting, usually having a
plug, applied to a cistern, tub, sink, or the like, and forming the outlet
opening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
raccoon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Washerwoman</u>,
2.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wash"er*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Washermen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man who washes clothes, esp. for
hire, or for others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash"er*wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Washerwomen</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman who washes clothes, especially for hire,
or for others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The pied wagtail; -- so
called in allusion to its beating the water with its tail while tripping
along the leaves of water plants.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wash"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An outbuilding for
washing, esp. one for washing clothes; a laundry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being washy, watery, or weak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of one who washes; the act of cleansing with water; ablution.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The clothes washed, esp. at one time; a
wash.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Washing bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
raccoon.</cd> -- <col><b>Washing bottle</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a
bottle fitted with glass tubes passing through the cork, so that on blowing
into one of the tubes a stream of water issuing from the other may be
directed upon anything to be washed or rinsed, as a precipitate upon a
filter, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Washing fluid</b></col>, <cd>a liquid used as
a cleanser, and consisting usually of alkaline salts resembling soaps in
their action.</cd> -- <col><b>Washing machine</b></col>, <cd>a machine for
washing; specifically, a machine for washing clothes.</cd> --
<col><b>Washing soda</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sodium
carbonate</i>, under <u>Sodium</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Washing
stuff</b></col>, <cd>any earthy deposit containing gold enough to pay for
washing it; -- so called among gold miners.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wash`ing*to"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or characteristic of, George <i>Washington</i>; as, a
<i>Washingtonian</i> policy.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Designating, or pertaining to, a temperance
society and movement started in Baltimore in 1840 on the principle of total
abstinence.</def>  -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of the
Washingtonian Society.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash"-off`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Calico Printing)</i>
<def>Capable of being washed off; not permanent or durable; -- said of
colors not fixed by steaming or otherwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash"out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The washing out or
away of earth, etc., especially of a portion of the bed of a road or
railroad by a fall of rain or a freshet; also, a place, especially in the
bed of a road or railroad, where the earth has been washed away.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash"pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
pot or vessel in which anything is washed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Tin-Plate Manuf.)</i> <def>A pot containing
melted tin into which the plates are dipped to be coated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash"stand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A piece of furniture
holding the ewer or pitcher, basin, and other requisites for washing the
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash"tub`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tub in which clothes
are washed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Wash</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Watery; damp; soft.</def>  "<i>Washy</i> ooze."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lacking substance or strength; weak; thin;
dilute; feeble; as, <i>washy</i> tea; <i>washy</i> resolutions.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> A polish . . . not over thin and <i>washy</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir H. Wotton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not firm or hardy; liable to sweat profusely
with labor; as, a <i>washy</i> horse.</def>  [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wasium</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A variety of allanite from Sweden supposed to contain
wasium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"si*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So called from
<i>Wasa</i>, or <i>Vasa</i>, the name of a former royal family of Sweden.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare element supposed by Bahr to have been extracted
from wasite, but now identified with thorium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wasp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>waspe</i>, AS.
<i>w&aelig;ps</i>, <i>w&aelig;fs</i>; akin to D. <i>wesp</i>, G.
<i>wespe</i>, OHG. <i>wafsa</i>, <i>wefsa</i>, Lith. <i>vapsa</i> gadfly,
Russ. <i>osa</i> wasp, L. <i>vespa</i>, and perhaps to E. <i>weave</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of stinging
hymenopterous insects, esp. any of the numerous species of the genus
<i>Vespa</i>, which includes the true, or social, wasps, some of which are
called <i>yellow jackets</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The social wasps make a complex series of combs, of a substance
like stiff paper, often of large size, and protect them by a paperlike
covering. The larv&aelig; are reared in the cells of the combs, and eat
insects and insect larv&aelig; brought to them by the adults, but the
latter feed mainly on the honey and pollen of flowers, and on the sweet
juices of fruit.  See <i>Illust.</i> in Appendix.</p>

<p><col><b>Digger wasp</b></col>, <cd>any one of numerous species of
solitary wasps that make their nests in burrows which they dig in the
ground, as the sand wasps.  See <i>Sand wasp</i>, under <u>Sand</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Mud wasp</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Mud</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Potter wasp</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Potter</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wasp fly</b></col>, <cd>a species of fly resembling a wasp, but
without a sting.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1630 !></p>

<p><hw>Wasp"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling a wasp in form; having a slender waist, like a
wasp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Quick to resent a trifling affront;
characterized by snappishness; irritable; irascible; petulant;
snappish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was naturally a <i>waspish</i> and hot man.</blockquote>
<i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Much do I suffer, much, to keep in peace<BR>
This jealous, <i>waspish</i>, wrong-head, rhyming race.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Snappish; petulant; irritable; irascible; testy; peevish;
captious.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Wasp"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Wasp"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Was"sail</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wes h&amacr;l</i>
(or an equivalent form in another dialect) be in health, which was the form
of drinking a health. The form <i>wes</i> is imperative.  See <u>Was</u>,
and <u>Whole</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An ancient expression of good wishes on a
festive occasion, especially in drinking to some one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Geoffrey of Monmouth relates, on the authority of Walter
Calenius, that this lady [Rowena], the daughter of Hengist, knelt down on
the approach of the king, and, presenting him with a cup of wine,
exclaimed, Lord king <i>w&aelig;s heil</i>, that is, literally, Health be
to you.</blockquote> <i>N. Drake.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An occasion on which such good wishes are
expressed in drinking; a drinking bout; a carouse.</def>  "In merry
<i>wassail</i> he . . . peals his loud song."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king doth wake to-night and takes his rouse,<BR>
Keeps <i>wassail</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The victors abandoned themselves to feasting and
<i>wassail</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prescott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The liquor used for a wassail; esp., a beverage
formerly much used in England at Christmas and other festivals, made of ale
(or wine) flavored with spices, sugar, toast, roasted apples, etc.; --
called also <i>lamb's wool</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A jolly wassail bowl,<BR>
A <i>wassail</i> of good ale.</blockquote> <i>Old Song.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A festive or drinking song or glee.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Have you done your <i>wassail</i>! 'T is a handsome, drowsy
ditty, I'll assure you.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Was"sail</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
wassail, or to a wassail; convivial; as, a <i>wassail</i> bowl.</def>
"A<i>wassail</i> candle, my lord, all tallow."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wassail bowl</b></col>, <cd>a bowl in which wassail was mixed,
and placed upon the table.</cd>  "Spiced <i>wassail bowl</i>." <i>J.
Fletcher.</i> "When the cloth was removed, the butler brought in a huge
silver vessel . . . Its appearance was hailed with acclamation, being the
<i>wassail bowl</i> so renowned in Christmas festivity." <i>W. Irving.</i>
-- <col><b>Wassail cup</b></col>, <cd>a cup from which wassail was
drunk.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Was"sail</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hold a wassail; to
carouse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Spending all the day, and good part of the night, in
dancing, caroling, and <i>wassailing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Was"sail*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who drinks
wassail; one who engages in festivity, especially in drinking; a
reveler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The rudeness and swilled insolence<BR>
Of such late <i>wassailers</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wast</hw> (?). <def>The second person singular of the verb
<i>be</i>, in the indicative mood, imperfect tense; -- now used only in
solemn or poetical style.  See <u>Was</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wast"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Loss by use, decay,
evaporation, leakage, or the like; waste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Waste</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wast</i>, OF.
<i>wast</i>, from L. <i>vastus</i>, influenced by the kindred German word;
cf. OHG. <i>wuosti</i>, G. <i>w&uuml;st</i>, OS. <i>w&?;sti</i>, D.
<i>woest</i>, AS. <i>w&emacr;ste</i>.  Cf. <u>Vast</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Desolate; devastated; stripped; bare; hence,
dreary; dismal; gloomy; cheerless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dismal situation <i>waste</i> and wild.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His heart became appalled as he gazed forward into the
<i>waste</i> darkness of futurity.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lying unused; unproductive; worthless;
valueless; refuse; rejected; as, <i>waste</i> land; <i>waste</i>
paper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But his <i>waste</i> words returned to him in
vain.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not a <i>waste</i> or needless sound,<BR>
Till we come to holier ground.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ill day which made this beauty <i>waste</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lost for want of occupiers or use;
superfluous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And strangled with her <i>waste</i> fertility.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Waste gate</b></col>, <cd>a gate by which the superfluous water
of a reservoir, or the like, is discharged.</cd> -- <col><b>Waste
paper</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Paper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Waste
pipe</b></col>, <cd>a pipe for carrying off waste, or superfluous, water or
other fluids.</cd> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Steam Boilers)</i>
<cd>An escape pipe.  See under <u>Escape</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Plumbing)</i> <cd>The outlet pipe at the bottom of a bowl, tub, sink,
or the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Waste steam</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Steam which escapes the air.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Exhaust
steam.</cd> -- <col><b>Waste trap</b></col>, <cd>a trap for a waste pipe,
as of a sink.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Waste</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wasted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wasting</u>.] [OE.
<i>wasten</i>, OF. <i>waster</i>, <i>guaster</i>, <i>gaster</i>, F.
<i>g&acirc;ter</i> to spoil, L. <i>vastare</i> to devastate, to lay waste,
fr. <i>vastus</i> waste, desert, uncultivated, ravaged, vast, but
influenced by a kindred German word; cf. OHG. <i>wuosten</i>, G.
<i>w&uuml;sten</i>, AS. <i>w&emacr;stan</i>.  See <u>Waste</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bring to ruin; to devastate; to desolate; to
destroy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou barren ground, whom winter's wrath hath
<i>wasted</i>,<BR>
Art made a mirror to behold my plight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Tiber<BR>
Insults our walls, and <i>wastes</i> our fruitful grounds.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wear away by degrees; to impair gradually; to
diminish by constant loss; to use up; to consume; to spend; to wear
out.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Until your carcasses be <i>wasted</i> in the
wilderness.</blockquote> <i>Num. xiv. 33.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, were I able<BR>
To <i>waste</i> it all myself, and leave ye none!</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here condemned<BR>
To <i>waste</i> eternal days in woe and pain.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wasted</i> by such a course of life, the infirmities of
age daily grew on him.</blockquote> <i>Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To spend unnecessarily or carelessly; to employ
prodigally; to expend without valuable result; to apply to useless
purposes; to lavish vainly; to squander; to cause to be lost; to destroy by
scattering or injury.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The younger son gathered all together, and . . .
<i>wasted</i> his substance with riotous living.</blockquote> <i>Luke xv.
13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Full many a flower is born to blush unseen,<BR>
And <i>waste</i> its sweetness on the desert air.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To damage, impair, or injure, as an
estate, voluntarily, or by suffering the buildings, fences, etc., to go to
decay.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To squander; dissipate; lavish; desolate.</p>

<p><hw>Waste</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
be diminished; to lose bulk, substance, strength, value, or the like,
gradually; to be consumed; to dwindle; to grow less.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The time <i>wasteth</i> night and day.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The barrel of meal shall not <i>waste</i>.</blockquote> <i>1
Kings xvii. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But man dieth, and <i>wasteth</i> away.</blockquote> <i>Job
xiv. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Sporting)</i> <def>To procure or sustain a
reduction of flesh; -- said of a jockey in preparation for a race,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Waste</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>waste</i>; cf. the kindred
AS. <i>w&?;sten</i>, OHG. <i>w&?;st&imacr;</i>, <i>wuost&imacr;</i>, G.
<i>w&uuml;ste</i>.  See <u>Waste</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of wasting, or the state of being
wasted; a squandering; needless destruction; useless consumption or
expenditure; devastation; loss without equivalent gain; gradual loss or
decrease, by use, wear, or decay; as, a <i>waste</i> of property, time,
labor, words, etc.</def>  "<i>Waste</i> . . . of catel and of time."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For all this <i>waste</i> of wealth loss of
blood.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He will never . . . in the way of <i>waste</i>, attempt us
again.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Little <i>wastes</i> in great establishments, constantly
occurring, may defeat the energies of a mighty capital.</blockquote> <i>L.
Beecher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is wasted or desolate; a devastated,
uncultivated, or wild country; a deserted region; an unoccupied or
unemployed space; a dreary void; a desert; a wilderness.</def>  "The
<i>wastes</i> of Nature."  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the leafy nation sinks at last,<BR>
And Vulcan rides in triumph o'er the <i>waste</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The gloomy <i>waste</i> of waters which bears his name is
his tomb and his monument.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is of no value; worthless remnants;
refuse. Specifically: Remnants of cops, or other refuse resulting from the
working of cotton, wool, hemp, and the like, used for wiping machinery,
absorbing oil in the axle boxes of railway cars, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Spoil, destruction, or injury, done
to houses, woods, fences, lands, etc., by a tenant for life or for years,
to the prejudice of the heir, or of him in reversion or
remainder.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Waste is <i>voluntary</i>, as by pulling down buildings; or
<i>permissive</i>, as by suffering them to fall for want of necessary
repairs. Whatever does a lasting damage to the freehold is a <u>waste</u>.
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Old or abandoned workings,
whether left as vacant space or filled with refuse.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prodigality; diminution; loss; dissipation; destruction;
devastation; havoc; desolation; ravage.</p>

<p><hw>Waste"bas`ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A basket used in
offices, libraries, etc., as a receptacle for waste paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Waste"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Washboard</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Waste"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A book
in which rough entries of transactions are made, previous to their being
carried into the journal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Waste"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of waste; destructive to property; ruinous; as, <i>wasteful</i>
practices or negligence; <i>wasteful</i> expenses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expending, or tending to expend, property, or
that which is valuable, in a needless or useless manner; lavish; prodigal;
as, a <i>wasteful</i> person; a <i>wasteful</i> disposition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Waste; desolate; unoccupied; untilled.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In wilderness and <i>wasteful</i> desert
strayed.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Lavish; profuse; prodigal; extravagant.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Waste"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Waste"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Was"tel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>wastel</i>,
<i>gastel</i>, F. <i>g&acirc;teau</i>, LL. <i>wastellus</i>, fr. MHG.
<i>wastel</i> a kind of bread; cf. OHG. &amp; AS. <i>wist</i> food.] <def>A
kind of white and fine bread or cake; -- called also <i>wastel bread</i>,
and <i>wastel cake</i>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Roasted flesh or milk and <i>wasted</i> bread.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The simnel bread and <i>wastel</i> cakes, which were only
used at the tables of the highest nobility.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waste"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being waste; a desolate state or condition;
desolation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A day of trouble and distress, a day of
<i>wasteness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Zeph. i. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is waste; a desert; a waste.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Through woods and <i>wasteness</i> wide him daily
sought.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wast"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wastour</i>, OF.
<i>wasteor</i>, <i>gasteor</i>.  See <u>Waste</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, wastes; one who
squanders; one who consumes or expends extravagantly; a spendthrift; a
prodigal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He also that is slothful in his work is brother to him that
is a great <i>waster</i>.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xviii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sconces are great <i>wasters</i> of candles.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An imperfection in the wick of a candle, causing
it to waste; -- called also a <i>thief</i>.</def>  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cudgel; also, a blunt-edged sword used
as a foil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Half a dozen of veneys at <i>wasters</i> with a good fellow
for a broken head.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Being unable to wield the intellectual arms of reason, they
are fain to betake them unto <i>wasters</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waste"thrift`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
spendthrift.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Waste"weir`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An overfall, or
weir, for the escape, or overflow, of superfluous water from a canal,
reservoir, pond, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wast"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing waste; also,
undergoing waste; diminishing; as, a <i>wasting</i> disease; a
<i>wasting</i> fortune.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Wasting palsy</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>progressive muscular
atrophy.  See under <u>Progressive</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wast"or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A waster; a thief.</def>
[Obs. or R.] [Written also <i>wastour</i>.]  <i>Chaucer. Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wast"o*rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Wastrel</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wast"rel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any
waste thing or substance</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Waste land or
common land.</def>  [Obs.] <i>Carew.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
profligate.</def>  [Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A neglected child;
a street Arab.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything cast away as bad or useless, as
imperfect bricks, china, etc.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Watch</hw> (w&obreve;ch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wacche</i>,
AS. <i>w&aelig;cce</i>, fr. <i>wacian</i> to wake; akin to D. <i>wacht</i>,
<i>waak</i>, G. <i>wacht</i>, <i>wache</i>. &radic;134.  See <u>Wake</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of watching; forbearance of sleep;
vigil; wakeful, vigilant, or constantly observant attention; close
observation; guard; preservative or preventive vigilance; formerly, a
watching or guarding by night.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shepherds keeping <i>watch</i> by night.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the long night their mournful <i>watch</i> they
keep.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Watch</i> was formerly distinguished from <i>ward</i>, the
former signifying a watching or guarding by <i>night</i>, and the latter a
watching, guarding, or protecting by <i>day</i> Hence, they were not
unfrequently used together, especially in the phrase <i>to keep watch and
ward</i>, to denote continuous and uninterrupted vigilance or protection,
or both watching and guarding. This distinction is now rarely recognized,
<i>watch</i> being used to signify a watching or guarding both by night and
by day, and <i>ward</i>, which is now rarely used, having simply the
meaning of <i>guard</i>, or <i>protection</i>, without reference to
time.</p>

<p><blockquote>Still, when she slept, he kept both <i>watch and
ward</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ward</i>, guard, or <i>custodia</i>, is chiefly applied
to the daytime, in order to apprehend rioters, and robbers on the highway .
. .  <i>Watch</i>, is properly applicable to the night only, . . . and it
begins when <i>ward</i> ends, and ends when that begins.</blockquote>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who watches, or those who watch; a watchman,
or a body of watchmen; a sentry; a guard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pilate said unto them, Ye have a <i>watch</i>; go your way,
make it as sure as ye can.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxvii. 65.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The post or office of a watchman; also, the
place where a watchman is posted, or where a guard is kept.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He upbraids Iago, that he made him<BR>
Brave me upon the <i>watch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The period of the night during which a person
does duty as a sentinel, or guard; the time from the placing of a sentinel
till his relief; hence, a division of the night.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I did stand my <i>watch</i> upon the hill.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Might we but hear . . . <BR>
Or whistle from the lodge, or village cock<BR>
Count the night <i>watches</i> to his feathery dames.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A small timepiece, or chronometer, to be carried
about the person, the machinery of which is moved by a spring.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Watches are often distinguished by the kind of escapement used,
as an <i>anchor watch</i>, a <i>lever watch</i>, a <i>chronometer
watch</i>, etc. (see the Note under <u>Escapement</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3); also, by the kind of case, as a <i>gold</i> or
<i>silver watch</i>, an <i>open-faced watch</i>, a <i>hunting watch</i>, or
<i>hunter</i>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An allotted
portion of time, usually four hour for standing watch, or being on deck
ready for duty.   Cf. <u>Dogwatch</u>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>That
part, usually one half, of the officers and crew, who together attend to
the working of a vessel for an allotted time, usually four hours. The
watches are designated as the <i>port watch</i>, and the <i>starboard
watch</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Anchor watch</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a detail of one or
more men who keep watch on deck when a vessel is at anchor.</cd> --
<col><b>To be on the watch</b></col>, <cd>to be looking steadily for some
event.</cd> -- <col><b>Watch and ward</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the
charge or care of certain officers to keep a watch by night and a guard by
day in towns, cities, and other districts, for the preservation of the
public peace.</cd> <i>Wharton.</i>  <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Watch and
watch</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the regular alternation in being on
watch and off watch of the two watches into which a ship's crew is commonly
divided.</cd> -- <col><b>Watch barrel</b></col>, <cd>the brass box in a
watch, containing the mainspring.</cd> -- <col><b>Watch bell</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a bell struck when the half-hour glass is run out, or
at the end of each half hour.</cd> <i>Craig.</i> -- <col><b>Watch
bill</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a list of the officers and crew of a
ship as divided into watches, with their stations.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> --
<col><b>Watch case</b></col>, <cd>the case, or outside covering, of a
watch; also, a case for holding a watch, or in which it is kept.</cd> --
<col><b>Watch chain</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>watch guard</i>, below.</cd>
-- <col><b>Watch clock</b></col>, <cd>a watchman's clock; see under
<u>Watchman</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Watch fire</b></col>, <cd>a fire lighted
at night, as a signal, or for the use of a watch or guard.</cd> --
<col><b>Watch glass</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A concavo-convex
glass for covering the face, or dial, of a watch; -- also called <i>watch
crystal</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>A half-hour glass
used to measure the time of a watch on deck.</cd> -- <col><b>Watch
guard</b></col>, <cd>a chain or cord by which a watch is attached to the
person.</cd> -- <col><b>Watch gun</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a gun
sometimes fired on shipboard at 8 p. m., when the night watch begins.</cd>
-- <col><b>Watch light</b></col>, <cd>a low-burning lamp used by watchers
at night; formerly, a candle having a rush wick.</cd> -- <col><b>Watch
night</b></col>, <cd>The last night of the year; -- so called by the
Methodists, Moravians, and others, who observe it by holding religious
meetings lasting until after midnight.</cd> -- <col><b>Watch
paper</b></col>, <cd>an old-fashioned ornament for the inside of a watch
case, made of paper cut in some fanciful design, as a vase with flowers,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Watch tackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a small,
handy purchase, consisting of a tailed double block, and a single block
with a hook.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Watch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>w&oelig;ccan</i>, <i>wacian</i>. &radic;134.  See <u>Watch</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Wake</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> ]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be awake; to be or continue without sleep; to
wake; to keep vigil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have two nights <i>watched</i> with you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Couldest thou not <i>watch</i> one hour ?</blockquote>
<i>Mark xiv. 37.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be attentive or vigilant; to give heed; to be
on the lookout; to keep guard; to act as sentinel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Take ye heed, <i>watch</i> and pray.</blockquote> <i>Mark
xiii. 33.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Son gave signal high<BR>
To the bright minister that <i>watched</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be expectant; to look with expectation; to
wait; to seek opportunity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My soul waiteth for the Lord more than they that
<i>watch</i> for the morning.</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxxx. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To remain awake with any one as nurse or
attendant; to attend on the sick during the night; as, to <i>watch</i> with
a man in a fever.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To serve the purpose of a
watchman by floating properly in its place; -- said of a buoy.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To watch over</b></col>, <cd>to be cautiously observant of; to
inspect, superintend, and guard.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Watch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Watched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Watching</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give heed to; to observe the actions or
motions of, for any purpose; to keep in view; not to lose from sight and
observation; as, to <i>watch</i> the progress of a bill in the
legislature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Saul also sent messengers unto David's house to <i>watch</i>
him, and to slay him.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xix. 11</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I must cool a little, and <i>watch</i> my
opportunity.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In lazy mood I <i>watched</i> the little circles
die.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To tend; to guard; to have in keeping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And flaming ministers, to <i>watch</i> and tend<BR>
Their earthy charge.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Paris <i>watched</i> the flocks in the groves of
Ida.</blockquote> <i>Broome.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1631 !></p>

<p><hw>Watch"dog`</hw> (w&obreve;ch"d&obreve;g`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A dog kept to watch and guard premises or property, and to give notice
of the approach of intruders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Watch"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
watches; one who sits up or continues; a diligent observer; specifically,
one who attends upon the sick during the night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Watch"es</hw> (-&ebreve;z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The leaves of <i>Saracenia flava</i>.  See <u>Trumpets</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Watchet</hw> (-&ebreve;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Probably from F.
<i>vaciet</i> bilberry, whortleberry; cf. L. <i>vaccinium</i> blueberry,
whortleberry.] <def>Pale or light blue.</def>  [Obs.] "<i>Watchet</i>
mantles."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Who stares in Germany at <i>watchet</i> eyes?</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Watch"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of watch;
vigilant; attentive; careful to observe closely; observant; cautious; --
with <i>of</i> before the thing to be regulated or guarded; as, to be
<i>watchful</i> of one's behavior; and with <i>against</i> before the thing
to be avoided; as, to be <i>watchful</i> against the growth of vicious
habits.</def>  "Many a <i>watchful</i> night." <i>Shak.</i> "Happy
<i>watchful</i> shepherds." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'Twixt prayer and <i>watchful</i> love his heart
dividing.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Vigilant; attentive; cautious; observant; circumspect;
wakeful; heedful.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Watch"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Watch"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Watch"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Watchhouses</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A house in
which a watch or guard is placed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A place where persons under temporary arrest by
the police of a city are kept; a police station; a lockup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Watch"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
occupation is to make and repair watches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Watch"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Watchmen</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One set to watch; a person who keeps guard; a
guard; a sentinel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, one who guards a building, or the
streets of a city, by night.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Watchman beetle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European
dor.</cd> -- <col><b>Watchman's clock</b></col>, <cd>a watchman's detector
in which the apparatus for recording the times of visiting several stations
is contained within a single clock.</cd> -- <col><b>Watchman's
detector</b></col>, or <col><b>Watchman's time detector</b></col>, <cd>an
apparatus for recording the time when a watchman visits a station on his
rounds.</cd> -- <col><b>Watchman's rattle</b></col>, <cd>an instrument
having at the end of a handle a revolving arm, which, by the action of a
strong spring upon cogs, produces, when in motion, a loud, harsh, rattling
sound.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Watch"tow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tower in which a
sentinel is placed to watch for enemies, the approach of danger, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Watch"word`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
word given to sentinels, and to such as have occasion to visit the guards,
used as a signal by which a friend is known from an enemy, or a person who
has a right to pass the watch from one who has not; a countersign; a
password.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sentiment or motto; esp., one used as a
rallying cry or a signal for action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor deal in <i>watchwords</i> overmuch.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter</hw> (w&add;"t&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>w&aelig;ter</i>; akin to OS. <i>watar</i>, OFries. <i>wetir</i>,
<i>weter</i>, LG. &amp; D. <i>water</i>, G. <i>wasser</i>, OHG. <i>wazzar</i>,
Icel. <i>vatn</i>, Sw. <i>vatten</i>, Dan. <i>vand</i>, Goth.
<i>wat&omacr;</i>, O. Slav. &amp; Russ. <i>voda</i>, Gr. <grk>'y`dwr</grk>,
Skr. <i>udan</i> water, <i>ud</i> to wet, and perhaps to L. <i>unda</i>
wave. &radic;137.  Cf. <u>Dropsy</u>, <u>Hydra</u>, <u>Otter</u>,
<u>Wet</u>, <u>Whisky</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fluid which
descends from the clouds in rain, and which forms rivers, lakes, seas,
etc.</def>  "We will drink <i>water</i>." <i>Shak.</i> "Powers of fire,
air, <i>water</i>, and earth." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Pure water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, H<sub>2</sub>O, and
is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, transparent liquid, which is very
slightly compressible. At its maximum density, 39&deg; Fahr. or 4&deg; C.,
it is the standard for specific gravities, one cubic centimeter weighing
one gram. It freezes at 32&deg; Fahr. or 0&deg; C. and boils at 212&deg;
Fahr. or 100&deg; C. (see <u>Ice</u>, <u>Steam</u>). It is the most
important natural solvent, and is frequently impregnated with foreign
matter which is mostly removed by distillation; hence, rain water is nearly
pure. It is an important ingredient in the tissue of animals and plants,
the human body containing about two thirds its weight of water.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A body of water, standing or flowing; a lake,
river, or other collection of water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Remembering he had passed over a small <i>water</i> a poor
scholar when first coming to the university, he kneeled.</blockquote>
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Any liquid secretion, humor, or the like,
resembling water; esp., the urine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A solution in water of a gaseous
or readily volatile substance; as, ammonia <i>water</i>.</def>  <i>U. S.
Pharm.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The limpidity and luster of a precious stone,
especially a diamond; as, a diamond of the first <i>water</i>, that is,
perfectly pure and transparent. Hence, <i>of the first water</i>, that is,
of the first excellence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A wavy, lustrous pattern or decoration such as
is imparted to linen, silk, metals, etc.  See <u>Water</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>, 3, <u>Damask</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and
<u>Damaskeen</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>An addition to the shares representing the
capital of a stock company so that the aggregate par value of the shares is
increased while their value for investment is diminished, or
"diluted."</def> [Brokers' Cant]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Water</i> is often used adjectively and in the formation of
many self-explaining compounds; as, <i>water</i> drainage; <i>water</i>
gauge, or <i>water</i>-gauge; <i>water</i>fowl, <i>water</i>-fowl, or
<i>water</i> fowl; <i>water</i>-beaten; <i>water</i>-borne, <i>water</i>-
circled, <i>water</i>-girdled, <i>water</i>-rocked, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Hard water</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Hard</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Inch of water</b></col>, <cd>a unit of measure of quantity of
water, being the quantity which will flow through an orifice one inch
square, or a circular orifice one inch in diameter, in a vertical surface,
under a stated constant head; also called <i>miner's inch</i>, and <i>water
inch</i>. The shape of the orifice and the head vary in different
localities. In the Western United States, for hydraulic mining, the
standard aperture is square and the head from 4 to 9 inches above its
center. In Europe, for experimental hydraulics, the orifice is usually
round and the head from &frac1x12; of an inch to 1 inch above its top.</cd>
-- <col><b>Mineral water</b></col>, <cd>waters which are so impregnated
with foreign ingredients, such as gaseous, sulphureous, and saline
substances, as to give them medicinal properties, or a particular flavor or
temperature.</cd> -- <col><b>Soft water</b></col>, <cd>water not
impregnated with lime or mineral salts.</cd> -- <col><b>To hold
water</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Hold</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>To keep one's head above water</b></col>, <cd>to keep afloat; fig.,
to avoid failure or sinking in the struggles of life.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To make water</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To pass
urine.</cd> <i>Swift.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To admit
water; to leak.</cd> -- <col><b>Water of crystallization</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the water combined with many salts in their crystalline
form. This water is loosely, but, nevertheless, chemically, combined, for
it is held in fixed and definite amount for each substance containing it.
Thus, while pure copper sulphate, CuSO<sub>4</sub>, is a white amorphous
substance, blue vitriol, the crystallized form,
CuSO<sub>4</sub>.<sub>5</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O, contains five molecules of
water of crystallization.</cd> -- <col><b>Water on the brain</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>hydrocephalus.</cd> -- <col><b>Water on the
chest</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>hydrothorax.</cd></p>

<p>&fist; Other phrases, in which <i>water</i> occurs as the first element,
will be found in alphabetical order in the Vocabulary.</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Watered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Watering</u>.] [AS. <i>w&aelig;terian</i>, ge<i>w&aelig;terian</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wet or supply with water; to moisten; to
overflow with water; to irrigate; as, to <i>water</i> land; to <i>water</i>
flowers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With tears <i>watering</i> the ground.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men whose lives gilded on like rivers that <i>water</i> the
woodlands.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To supply with water for drink; to cause or
allow to drink; as, to <i>water</i> cattle and horses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To wet and calender, as cloth, so as to impart
to it a lustrous appearance in wavy lines; to diversify with wavelike
lines; as, to <i>water</i> silk.  Cf. <u>Water</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
6.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To add water to (anything), thereby extending
the quantity or bulk while reducing the strength or quality; to extend; to
dilute; to weaken.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To water stock</b></col>, <cd>to increase the capital stock of a
company by issuing new stock, thus diminishing the value of the individual
shares.   Cf. <u>Water</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7.</cd> [Brokers'
Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
shed, secrete, or fill with, water or liquid matter; as, his eyes began to
<i>water</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thine eyes can <i>water</i> for his death.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To get or take in water; as, the ship put into
port to <i>water</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>The mouth waters</b></col>, <cd>a phrase denoting that a person
or animal has a longing desire for something, since the sight of food often
causes one who is hungry to have an increased flow of saliva.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter ad"der</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The water moccasin.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The common,
harmless American water snake (<i>Tropidonotus sipedon</i>).  See
<i>Illust.</i> under <u>Water Snake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Money paid for
transportation of goods, etc., by water.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter ag"ri*mo*ny</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of bur
marigold (<i>Bidens tripartita</i>) found in wet places in
Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter al"oe</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See <u>Water
soldier</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter an"te*lope</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Water buck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter a"rum</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aroid herb (<i>Calla
palustris</i>) having a white spathe. It is an inhabitant of the north
temperate zone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter back`</hw> (?). <def>See under 1st <u>Back</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter bail"iff</hw> (?). <def>An officer of the customs, whose duty
it is to search vessels.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter bal"last</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Water confined in
specially constructed compartments in a vessel's hold, to serve as
ballast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter ba*rom"e*ter</hw> (?). <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A barometer in
which the changes of atmospheric pressure are indicated by the motion of a
column of water instead of mercury. It requires a column of water about
thirty-three feet in height.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter bath`</hw> (?). <def>A device for regulating the temperature
of anything subjected to heat, by surrounding the vessel containing it with
another vessel containing water which can be kept at a desired temperature;
also, a vessel designed for this purpose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter bat"ter*y</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
voltaic battery in which the exciting fluid is water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A battery nearly on a level with
the water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter bear`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
Tardigrada, 2.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Tardigrada</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter-bear`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>The constellation Aquarius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter bed`</hw> (?). <def>A kind of mattress made of, or covered
with, waterproof fabric and filled with water. It is used in hospitals for
bedridden patients.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter beech`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The American hornbeam.
See <u>Hornbeam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter bee"tle</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of aquatic beetles belonging to <i>Dytiscus</i> and allied
genera of the family <i>Dytiscid&aelig;</i>, and to various genera of the
family <i>Hydrophilid&aelig;</i>.  These beetles swim with great agility,
the fringed hind legs acting together like oars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter bel"lows</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>Tromp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter bird`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any aquatic bird; a
water fowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter black"bird</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
water ousel, or dipper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A board set up to
windward in a boat, to keep out water.</def>  <i>Ham. Nav. Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter boat`man</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A boat
bug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*bok`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A water buck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter-bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prevented by a
flood from proceeding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter brain`</hw> (?). <def>A disease of sheep; gid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter brash`</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Brash</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter breath"er</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any arthropod
that breathes by means of gills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter bridge`</hw> (?). <i>(Steam Boilers)</i> <def>See <u>Water
table</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter buck`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large, heavy
antelope (<i>Kobus ellipsiprymnus</i>) native of Central Africa. It
frequents the banks of rivers and is a good swimmer. It has a white ring
around the rump. Called also <i>photomok</i>, <i>water antelope</i>, and
<i>waterbok</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to other related species, as the leche
(<i>Kobus leche</i>), which has similar habits.</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter buf"fa*lo</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
buffalo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter bug`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The Croton bug.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of numerous
species of large, rapacious, aquatic, hemipterous insects belonging to
<i>Belostoma</i>, <i>Benacus</i>, <i>Zaitha</i>, and other genera of the
family <i>Belostomatid&aelig;</i>. Their hind legs are long and fringed,
and act like oars. Some of these insects are of great size, being among the
largest existing Hemiptera. Many of them come out of the water and fly
about at night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter butt`</hw> (?). <def>A large, open-headed cask, set up on
end, to contain water.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter cal"trop</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The water
chestnut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter can`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of Nuphar; the yellow frog lily; -- so called from the shape of the seed
vessel.  See <u>Nuphar</u>, and cf. <u>Candock</u>.</def>  <i>Dr.
Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter can"ker</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <u>Canker</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter car"riage</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Transportation or
conveyance by water; means of transporting by water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A vessel or boat.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter cart`</hw> (?). <def>A cart carrying water; esp., one
carrying water for sale, or for sprinkling streets, gardens, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter ca"vy</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
capybara.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter cel"er*y</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A very acrid herb
(<i>Ranunculus sceleratus</i>) growing in ditches and wet places; -- called
also <i>cursed crowfoot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter cell`</hw> (?). <def>A cell containing water; specifically
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, one of the cells or chambers in which water is stored
up in the stomach of a camel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter ce*ment"</hw> (?). <def>Hydraulic cement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter chest"nut</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of <i>Trapa
natans</i> and <i>Trapa bicornis</i>, Old World water plants bearing edible
nutlike fruits armed with several hard and sharp points; also, the plant
itself; -- called also <i>water caltrop</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter chev`ro*tain"</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large West
African chevrotain (<i>Hy&aelig;moschus aquaticus</i>). It has a larger
body and shorter legs than the other allied species. Called also <i>water
deerlet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter chick"en</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
American gallinule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter chick"weed`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small annual plant
(<i>Montia fontana</i>) growing in wet places in southern
regions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter chin"qua*pin</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The American lotus,
and its edible seeds, which somewhat resemble chinquapins.   Cf.
<u>Yoncopin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter clock`</hw> (?). <def>An instrument or machine serving to
measure time by the fall, or flow, of a certain quantity of water; a
clepsydra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter-clos`et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A privy;
especially, a privy furnished with a contrivance for introducing a stream
of water to cleanse it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter cock`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large gallinule
(<i>Gallicrex cristatus</i>) native of Australia, India, and the East
Indies. In the breeding season the male is black and has a fleshy red
caruncle, or horn, on the top of its head. Called also
<i>kora</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter col`or</hw> (?). <i>(Paint.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
color ground with water and gum or other glutinous medium; a color the
vehicle of which is water; -- so called in distinction from <i>oil
color</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It preserves its consistency when dried in a solid cake, which is
used by rubbing off a portion on a moistened palette. <i>Moist water
colors</i> are water colors kept in a semifluid or pasty state in little
metal tubes or pans.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A picture painted with such colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter-col`or*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who paints in
water colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter course`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stream of water;
a river or brook.</def>  <i>Isa. xliv. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A natural channel for water; also, a canal for
the conveyance of water, especially in draining lands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>A running stream of water having a
bed and banks; the easement one may have in the flowing of such a stream in
its accustomed course.  A water course may be sometimes <i>dry</i>.</def>
<i>Angell.</i>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter craft`</hw> (?). <def>Any vessel or boat plying on water;
vessels and boats, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter crake`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The dipper.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The spotted crake
(<i>Porzana maruetta</i>).  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Crake</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The swamp hen, or crake, of Australia.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1632 !></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter crane`</hw> (?). <def>A goose-neck apparatus for supplying
water from an elevated tank, as to the tender of a locomotive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter cress`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A perennial cruciferous
herb (<i>Nasturtium officinale</i>) growing usually in clear running or
spring water. The leaves are pungent, and used for salad and as an
antiscorbutic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter crow`</hw> (?). [So called in allusion to its dark plumage.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The dipper.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The European coot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter crow"foot`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aquatic kind of
buttercup (<i>Ranunculus aquatilis</i>), used as food for cattle in parts
of England.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Great water crowfoot</b></col>, <cd>an American water plant
(<i>Ranunculus multifidus</i>), having deep yellow flowers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter cure`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Hydropathy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hydropathic institution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter deck`</hw> (?). <def>A covering of painting canvas for the
equipments of a dragoon's horse.</def>  <i>Wilhelm.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter deer`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A small Chinese deer (<i>Hydropotes inermis</i>). Both sexes are
destitute of antlers, but the male has large, descending canine
tusks.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The water chevrotain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter deer"let</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Water
chevrotain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter dev"il</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The rapacious larva
of a large water beetle (<i>Hydrophilus piceus</i>), and of other similar
species.  See <i>Illust.</i> of Water beetle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter dock`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tall, coarse dock
growing in wet places. The American water dock is <i>Rumex orbiculatus</i>,
the European is <i>R. Hydrolapathum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter doc"tor</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
who professes to be able to divine diseases by inspection of the
urine.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A physician who treats diseases with
water; an hydropathist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter dog`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
dog accustomed to the water, or trained to retrieve waterfowl. Retrievers,
waters spaniels, and Newfoundland dogs are so trained.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The menobranchus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small floating cloud, supposed to indicate
rain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A sailor, esp. an old sailor; an old salt.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter drain`</hw> (?). <def>A drain or channel for draining off
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter drain"age</hw> (?; 48). <def>The draining off of
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter dress"ing</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The treatment of
wounds or ulcers by the application of water; also, a dressing saturated
with water only, for application to a wound or an ulcer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter drop"wort`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A European poisonous
umbelliferous plant (<i>Enanthe fistulosa</i>) with large hollow stems and
finely divided leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter ea"gle</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
osprey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter el"der</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The guelder-
rose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter el"e*phant</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
hippopotamus.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter en"gine</hw> (?). <def>An engine to raise water; or an engine
moved by water; also, an engine or machine for extinguishing fires; a fire
engine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, waters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*fall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fall, or perpendicular descent, of the water of a river or stream,
or a descent nearly perpendicular; a cascade; a cataract.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hairdressing)</i> <def>An arrangement of a
woman's back hair over a cushion or frame in some resemblance to a
waterfall.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A certain kind of neck scarf.</def>  <i>T.
Hughes.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wa"ter feath"er</hw> (?). <hw>Wa"ter feath"er-foil`</hw> (?). }
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The water violet (<i>Hottonia palustris</i>); also, the
less showy American plant <i>H. inflata</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter flag`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A European species of Iris
(<i>Iris Pseudacorus</i>) having bright yellow flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter flan"nel</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A floating mass formed
in pools by the entangled filaments of a European fresh-water alga
(<i>Cladophora crispata</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter flea`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of small aquatic Entomostraca belonging to the genera
<i>Cyclops</i>, <i>Daphnia</i>, etc; -- so called because they swim with
sudden leaps, or starts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*flood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>w&aelig;terfl&omacr;d</i>.] <def>A flood of water; an
inundation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter floun"der</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The windowpane
(<i>Pleuronectes maculatus</i>).</def>  [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*fowl`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any bird that
frequents the water, or lives about rivers, lakes, etc., or on or near the
sea; an aquatic fowl; -- used also collectively.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Of aquatic fowls, some are waders, or furnished with long legs;
others are swimmers, or furnished with webbed feet.</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter fox`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The carp; -- so
called on account of its cunning.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter frame`</hw> (?). <def>A name given to the first power
spinning machine, because driven by water power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter fur"row</hw> (?). <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A deep furrow for
conducting water from the ground, and keeping the surface soil
dry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter-fur"row</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make water
furrows in.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter gage`</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Water gauge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter gall`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cavity made in the
earth by a torrent of water; a washout.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A watery appearance in the sky, accompanying the
rainbow; a secondary or broken rainbow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These <i>water galls</i>, in her dim element,<BR>
Foretell new storms to those already spent.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>False good news are [is] always produced by true good, like
the <i>water gall</i> by the rainbow.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter gang`</hw> (?). <i>(O. E. Law)</i> <def>A passage for water,
such as was usually made in a sea wall, to drain water out of
marshes.</def>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter gas`</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Gas</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter gate`</hw> (?). <def>A gate, or valve, by which a flow of
water is permitted, prevented, or regulated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter gauge`</hw> (?). [Written also <i>water gage</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wall or bank to hold water back.</def>
<i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for measuring or ascertaining the
depth or quantity of water, or for indicating the height of its surface, as
in the boiler of a steam engine.  See <u>Gauge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter gav"el</hw> (?). <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A gavel or rent
paid for a privilege, as of fishing, in some river or water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter ger*man"der</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A labiate plant
(<i>Teucrium Scordium</i>) found in marshy places in Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter gild"ing</hw> (?). <def>The act, or the process, of gilding
metallic surfaces by covering them with a thin coating of amalgam of gold,
and then volatilizing the mercury by heat; -- called also <i>wash
gilding</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter glass`</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <i>Soluble
glass</i>, under <u>Glass</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter god`</hw> (?). <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A fabulous deity supposed
to dwell in, and preside over, some body of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter gru"el</hw> (?). <def>A liquid food composed of water and a
small portion of meal, or other farinaceous substance, boiled and
seasoned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter ham"mer</hw> (?). <i>(Physics)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
vessel partly filled with water, exhausted of air, and hermetically sealed.
When reversed or shaken, the water being unimpeded by air, strikes the
sides in solid mass with a sound like that of a hammer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A concussion, or blow, made by water in
striking, as against the sides of a pipe or vessel containing it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter hare</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small American hare
or rabbit (<i>Lepus aquaticus</i>) found on or near the southern coasts of
the United States; -- called also <i>water rabbit</i>, and <i>swamp
hare</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter hem"lock</hw> (?). <i>(Bot)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
poisonous umbelliferous plant (<i>Cicuta virosa</i>) of Europe; also, any
one of several plants of that genus.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
poisonous plant (<i>&OElig;nanthe crocata</i>) resembling the
above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter hemp`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Hemp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter hen`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any gallinule.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common American
coot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter hog`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
capybara.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter hore"hound`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bugleweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*horse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pile of salted
fish heaped up to drain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter hy"a*cinth</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Either of several
tropical aquatic plants of the genus <i>Eichhornia</i>, related to the
pickerel weed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter ice`</hw> (?). <def>Water flavored, sweetened, and frozen, to
be eaten as a confection.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The pied wagtail; -- so called because it frequents ponds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter inch`</hw> (?). <def>Same as <i>Inch of water</i>, under
<u>Water</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being watery; moisture; humidity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Water</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Watering call</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a sound of trumpet or
bugle summoning cavalry soldiers to assemble for the purpose of watering
their horses.</cd> -- <col><b>Watering cart</b></col>, <cd>a sprinkling
cart.  See <u>Water</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Watering place</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A place where water may be obtained, as for a ship,
for cattle, etc.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A place where there are
springs of medicinal water, or a place by the sea, or by some large body of
water, to which people resort for bathing, recreation, boating, etc.</cd> -
- <col><b>Watering pot</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of bucket
fitted with a rose, or perforated nozzle, -- used for watering flowers,
paths, etc.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Any one of
several species of marine bivalve shells of the genus <i>Aspergillum</i>,
or <i>Brechites</i>. The valves are small, and consolidated with the
capacious calcareous tube which incases the entire animal. The tube is
closed at the anterior end by a convex disk perforated by numerous pores,
or tubules, and resembling the rose of a watering pot.</cd> --
<col><b>Watering trough</b></col>, <cd>a trough from which cattle, horses,
and other animals drink.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>w&aelig;terisc</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Resembling water; thin; watery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Feed upon such nice and <i>waterish</i> diet.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Somewhat watery; moist; as, <i>waterish</i>
land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
waterish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter joint`</hw> (?). <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A joint in a stone
pavement where the stones are left slightly higher than elsewhere, the rest
of the surface being sunken or dished. The raised surface is intended to
prevent the settling of water in the joints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter jun"ket</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
sandpiper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter-laid`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a left-hand
twist; -- said of cordage; as, a <i>water-laid</i>, or left-hand,
rope.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wa`ter*land"er</hw> (?), <hw>Wa`ter*land"i*an</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a body of Dutch
Anabaptists who separated from the Mennonites in the sixteenth century; --
so called from a district in North Holland denominated
<i>Waterland</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter la"ver*ock</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
sandpiper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*leaf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
plant of the American genus <i>Hydrophyllum</i>, herbs having white or pale
blue bell-shaped flowers.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter leg`</hw> (?). <i>(Steam Boilers)</i> <def>See <u>Leg</u>,
7.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter lem"on</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The edible fruit of two
species of passion flower (<i>Passiflora laurifolia</i>, and <i>P.
maliformis</i>); -- so called in the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of water;
dry.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter let"tuce</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant (<i>Pistia
stratiotes</i>) which floats on tropical waters, and forms a rosette of
spongy, wedge-shaped leaves.</def>  <i>J. Smith (Dict. Econ.
Plants).</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter lev"el</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The level formed by
the surface of still water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of leveling instrument.  See under
<u>Level</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter lil`y</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A blossom or plant of any
species of the genus Nymph&aelig;a, distinguished for its large floating
leaves and beautiful flowers.  See <u>Nymph&aelig;a</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is extended to various plants of other related genera,
as <i>Nuphar</i>, <i>Euryale</i>, <i>Nelumbo</i>, and <i>Victoria</i>.  See
<u>Euryale</u>, <u>Lotus</u>, and <u>Victoria</u>, 1.</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter lime`</hw> (?). <def>Hydraulic lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter line`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>
<def>Any one of certain lines of a vessel, model, or plan, parallel with
the surface of the water at various heights from the keel.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In a half-breadth plan, the water lines are outward curves
showing the horizontal form of the ship at their several heights; in a
sheer plan, they are projected as straight horizontal lines.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Any one of several lines marked
upon the outside of a vessel, corresponding with the surface of the water
when she is afloat on an even keel. The lowest line indicates the vessel's
proper submergence when not loaded, and is called the <i>light water
line</i>; the highest, called the <i>load water line</i>, indicates her
proper submergence when loaded.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Water-line model</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>a model of
a vessel formed of boards which are shaped according to the water lines as
shown in the plans and laid upon each other to form a solid model.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter liz"ard</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any aquatic lizard
of the genus <i>Varanus</i>, as the monitor of the Nile.  See
<u>Monitor</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter lo"cust</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A thorny leguminous tree
(<i>Gleditschia monosperma</i>) which grows in the swamps of the
Mississippi valley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter-logged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Filled or
saturated with water so as to be heavy, unmanageable, or loglike; -- said
of a vessel, when, by receiving a great quantity of water into her hold,
she has become so heavy as not to be manageable by the helm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*man</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Watermen</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man who plies for hire on rivers, lakes, or
canals, or in harbors, in distinction from a seaman who is engaged on the
high seas; a man who manages fresh-water craft; a boatman; a
ferryman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An attendant on cab stands, etc., who supplies
water to the horses.</def>  [Eng.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A water demon.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A mark indicating the height to which water has risen, or at which it
has stood; the usual limit of high or low water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A letter, device, or the like, wrought into
paper during the process of manufacture.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "The watermark in paper is produced by bending the wires of the
mold, or by wires bent into the shape of the required letter or device, and
sewed to the surface of the mold; -- it has the effect of making the paper
thinner in places. The old makers employed <i>watermarks</i> of an
eccentric kind. Those of Caxton and other early printers were an oxhead and
star, a collared dog's head, a crown, a shield, a jug, etc. A fool's cap
and bells, employed as a watermark, gave the name to <i>foolscap</i> paper;
a postman's horn, such as was formerly in use, gave the name to <i>post</i>
paper."  <i>Tomlinson.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See <u>Water line</u>, 2.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter mead"ow</hw> (?). <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A meadow, or piece of
low, flat land, capable of being kept in a state of fertility by being
overflowed with water from some adjoining river or stream.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter meas"ure</hw> (?). <def>A measure formerly used for articles
brought by water, as coals, oysters, etc. The water-measure bushel was
three gallons larger than the Winchester bushel.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter meas"ur*er</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of
numerous species of water; the skater.  See <u>Skater</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*mel`on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
very large ovoid or roundish fruit of a cucurbitaceous plant (<i>Citrullus
vulgaris</i>) of many varieties; also, the plant itself. The fruit
sometimes weighs many pounds; its pulp is usually pink in color, and full
of a sweet watery juice. It is a native of tropical Africa, but is now
cultivated in many countries.  See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Melon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter me"ter</hw> (?). <def>A contrivance for measuring a supply of
water delivered or received for any purpose, as from a street
main.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter mil"foil</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus
<i>Myriophyllum</i>, aquatic herbs with whorled leaves, the submersed ones
pinnately parted into capillary divisions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter mill`</hw> (?). <def>A mill whose machinery is moved by
water; -- distinguished from a <i>windmill</i>, and a <i>steam
mill</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter mint`</hw> (?). <def>A kind of mint (<i>Mentha aquatica</i>)
growing in wet places, and sometimes having a perfume resembling
bergamot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter mite`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any of numerous
species of aquatic mites belonging to <i>Hydrachna</i> and allied genera of
the family <i>Hydrachnid&aelig;</i>, usually having the legs fringed and
adapted for swimming. They are often red or red and black in color, and
while young are parasites of fresh-water insects and mussels.  Called also
<i>water tick</i>, and <i>water spider</i>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1633 !></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter moc"ca*sin</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A venomous
North American snake (<i>Ancistrodon piscivorus</i>) allied to the
rattlesnake but destitute of a rattle. It lives in or about pools and
ponds, and feeds largely of fishes. Called also <i>water snake</i>,
<i>water adder</i>, <i>water viper</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter mole`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The shrew mole.  See under <u>Shrew</u>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The duck mole.  See under <u>Duck</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter mon"i*tor</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A very large
lizard (<i>Varanaus salvator</i>) native of India. It frequents the borders
of streams and swims actively. It becomes five or six feet long. Called
also <i>two-banded monitor</i>, and <i>kabaragoya</i>. The name is also
applied to other aquatic monitors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter mo"tor</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A water
engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A water wheel; especially, a small water wheel
driven by water from a street main.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter mouse`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of mice belonging to the genus <i>Hydromys</i>, native of Australia
and Tasmania. Their hind legs are strong and their toes partially webbed.
They live on the borders of streams, and swim well. They are remarkable as
being the only rodents found in Australia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter mur"rain</hw> (?). <def>A kind of murrain affecting
cattle.</def>  <i>Crabb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter newt`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of aquatic salamanders; a triton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter nymph`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>A
goddess of any stream or other body of water, whether one of the Naiads,
Nereids, or Oceanides.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A water lily
(<i>Nymph&aelig;a</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter oat`</hw> (?). <def>Indian rice.  See under
<u>Rice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter o*pos"sum</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Yapock</u>, and the Note under <u>Opossum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter or"de*al</hw> (?). <def>Same as <i>Ordeal by water</i>.  See
the Note under <u>Ordeal</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wa"ter ou"sel</hw> (?), <hw>Wa"ter ou"zel</hw>  }.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of small insessorial
birds of the genus <i>Cinclus</i> (or <i>Hydrobates</i>), especially the
European water ousel (<i>C. aquaticus</i>), and the American water ousel
(<i>C. Mexicanus</i>). These birds live about the water, and are in the
habit of walking on the bottom of streams beneath the water in search of
food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter pars"nip</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the
aquatic umbelliferous genus <i>Sium</i>, poisonous herbs with pinnate or
dissected leaves and small white flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter par"tridge</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The ruddy
duck.</def>  [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter pen"ny*wort`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Marsh pennywort.
See under <u>Marsh</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter pep"per</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Smartweed.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Waterwort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter pheas"ant</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The pintail.  See <u>Pintail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The goosander.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
hooded merganser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter pi"et</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The water
ousel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter pig`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The capybara.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The gourami.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter pil"lar</hw> (?). <def>A waterspout.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter pim"per*nel</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small white-
flowered shrub; brookweed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter pipe</hw> (?). <def>A pipe for conveying water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter pitch"er</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A pitcher for
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of a family of plants having
pitcher-shaped leaves. The sidesaddle flower (<i>Sarracenia purpurea</i>)
is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter plant`</hw> (?). <def>A plant that grows in water; an aquatic
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter plan"tain</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of plant with
acrid leaves.  See under 2d <u>Plantain</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter plate`</hw> (?). <def>A plate heated by hot water contained
in a double bottom or jacket.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter po"a</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Meadow reed grass.  See
under <u>Reed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter poise`</hw> (?). <def>A hydrometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter pore`</hw> (?), <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
pore by which the water tubes of various invertebrates open
externally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of certain minute pores in the
leaves of some plants. They are without true guardian cells, but in other
respects closely resemble ordinary stomata.</def>  <i>Goodale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel for holding
or conveying water, or for sprinkling water on cloth, plants,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter pow"er</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The power of water
employed to move machinery, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fall of water which may be used to drive
machinery; a site for a water mill; a water privilege.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter pox`</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A variety of chicken pox,
or varicella.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter priv"i*lege</hw> (?). <def>The advantage of using water as a
mechanical power; also, the place where water is, or may be, so used.  See
under <u>Privilege</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Proof against
penetration or permeation by water; impervious to water; as, a
<i>waterproof</i> garment; a <i>waterproof</i> roof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*proof`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
substance or preparation for rendering cloth, leather, etc., impervious to
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cloth made waterproof, or any article made of
such cloth, or of other waterproof material, as rubber; esp., an outer
garment made of such material.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render
impervious to water, as cloth, leather, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*proof`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of making waterproof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Waterproof</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter purs"lane</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Purslane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter qualm`</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <i>Water brash</i>,
under <u>Brash</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter rab"bit</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Water
hare</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter rad"ish</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A coarse yellow-flowered
plant (<i>Nasturtium amphibium</i>) related to the water cress and to the
horse-radish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter rail`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of rails of the genus <i>Rallus</i>, as the common European species
(<i>Rallus aquaticus</i>).  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Rail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter ram`</hw> (?). <def>An hydraulic ram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter rat`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The water vole.  See under <u>Vole</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The muskrat.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The
beaver rat.  See under <u>Beaver</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A thief on the water; a pirate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter rate`</hw> (?). <def>A rate or tax for a supply of
water.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wa"ter rat"tle</hw> (?). <hw>Wa"ter rat"tler</hw> (?). }
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The diamond rattlesnake (<i>Crotalus
adamanteus</i>); -- so called from its preference for damp places near
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter-ret`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Water-retted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Water-retting</u>.] <def>To ret, or rot, in water, as flax; to water-
rot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter rice"</hw> (?). <def>Indian rice.  See under
<u>Rice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter rock"et</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
cruciferous plant (<i>Nasturtium sylvestre</i>) with small yellow
flowers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of firework to be discharged in the
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter-rot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Water-rotted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Water-rotting</u>.] <def>To rot by steeping in water; to water-ret; as,
to <i>water-rot</i> hemp or flax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter sail`</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small sail sometimes
set under a studding sail or under a driver boom, and reaching nearly to
the water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter sap"phire</hw> (?). [Equiv. to F. <i>saphir d'eau</i>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A deep blue variety of iolite, sometimes used as a gem;
-- called also <i>saphir d'eau</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*scape"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Landscape</u>.]
<def>A sea view; -- distinguished from <i>landscape</i>.</def>  [Jocose]
  <i>Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter scor"pi*on</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Nepa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter screw`</hw> (?). <def>A screw propeller.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*shed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G.
<i>wasserscheide</i>; <i>wasser</i> water + <i>scheide</i> a place where
two things separate, fr. <i>scheiden</i> to separate.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The whole region or extent of country which
contributes to the supply of a river or lake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The line of division between two adjacent rivers
or lakes with respect to the flow of water by natural channels into them;
the natural boundary of a basin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter shield`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aquatic American
plant (<i>Brasenia peltata</i>) having floating oval leaves, and the
covered with a clear jelly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*shoot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sprig or shoot from the root or stock of a tree.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>That which serves to guard from
falling water; a drip or dripstone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A trough for discharging water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter shrew`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of shrews having fringed feet and capable of swimming actively. The
two common European species (<i>Crossopus fodiens</i>, and <i>C.
ciliatus</i>) are the best known. The most common American water shrew, or
marsh shrew (<i>Neosorex palustris</i>), is rarely seen, owing to its
nocturnal habits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter snail`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any aquatic pulmonate gastropod belonging to <i>Planorbis</i>,
<i>Limn&aelig;a</i>, and allied genera; a pond snail.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The Archimedean screw.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter snake`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A common North American colubrine snake (<i>Tropidonotus sipedon</i>)
which lives chiefly in the water.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
species of snakes of the family <i>Homalopsid&aelig;</i>, all of which are
aquatic in their habits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter-soak`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To soak water;
to fill the interstices of with water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter sol`dier</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aquatic European
plant (<i>Stratiotes aloides</i>) with bayonet-shaped leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter souch`y</hw> (?). <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A dish consisting of
small fish stewed and served in a little water.</def>  [Written also
<i>water souchet</i>.] See <u>Zoutch</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter span"iel</hw> (?). <def>A curly-haired breed of spaniels,
naturally very fond of the water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter spar"row</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The reed warbler.</def>  [Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
reed bunting.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter speed"well</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of speedwell
(<i>Veronica Anagallis</i>) found in wet places in Europe and
America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter spi"der</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An aquatic European spider (<i>Argyoneta aquatica</i>) which
constructs its web beneath the surface of the water on water plants. It
lives in a bell-shaped structure of silk, open beneath like a diving bell,
and filled with air which the spider carries down in the form of small
bubbles attached one at a time to the spinnerets and hind feet. Called also
<i>diving spider</i>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A water mite.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Any spider that habitually lives on or about the
water, especially the large American species (<i>Dolomedes lanceolatus</i>)
which runs rapidly on the surface of water; -- called also <i>raft
spider</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter spin`ner</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The water
spider.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*spout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remarkable
meteorological phenomenon, of the nature of a tornado or whirlwind, usually
observed over the sea, but sometimes over the land.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Tall columns, apparently of cloud, and reaching from the sea to
the clouds, are seen moving along, often several at once, sometimes
straight and vertical, at other times inclined and tortuous, but always in
rapid rotation. At their bases, the sea is violently agitated and heaped up
with a leaping or boiling motion, water, at least in some cases, being
actually carried up in considerable quantity, and scattered round from a
great height, as solid bodies are by tornadoes on land.  <i>Sir J.
Herschel.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter sprite`</hw> (?). <def>A sprite, or spirit, imagined as
inhabiting the water.</def>  <i>J. R. Drake.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter-stand`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tear-
filled.</def>  [R.] "Many an orphan's <i>water-standing</i> eye."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter star" grass`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An aquatic plant
(<i>Schollera graminea</i>) with grassy leaves, and yellow star-shaped
blossoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter star"wort`</hw> (?). <def>See under
<u>Starwort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter sup*ply"</hw> (?). <def>A supply of water; specifically,
water collected, as in reservoirs, and conveyed, as by pipes, for use in a
city, mill, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter tab"by</hw> (?). <def>A kind of waved or watered tabby.  See
<u>Tabby</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter ta"ble</hw> (?). <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A molding, or other
projection, in the wall of a building, to throw off the water, -- generally
used in the United States for the first <i>table</i> above the surface of
the ground (see <u>Table</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 9), that is, for the
table at the top of the foundation and the beginning of the upper
wall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*tath`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Water</i> +
<i>tath</i>, n.] <def>A kind of coarse grass growing in wet grounds, and
supposed to be injurious to sheep.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter ther*mom"e*ter</hw> (?). <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A thermometer
filled with water instead of mercury, for ascertaining the precise
temperature at which water attains its maximum density. This is about
39&deg; Fahr., or 4&deg; Centigrade; and from that point down to 32&deg;
Fahr., or 0&deg; Centigrade, or the freezing point, it expands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter thief`</hw> (?). <def>A pirate.</def>  [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter thrush`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A North American bird of the genus <i>Seiurus</i>, belonging to the
Warbler family, especially the common species (<i>S.
Noveboracensis</i>).</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The European water
ousel.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The pied wagtail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter thyme`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Anacharis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter tick`</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>Water mite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter ti"ger</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A diving, or water,
beetle, especially the larva of a water beetle.  See <i>Illust.</i>
<i>b</i> of <u>Water beetle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter-tight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>So tight as to
retain, or not to admit, water; not leaky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter torch`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The common cat-tail
(<i>Typha latifolia</i>), the spike of which makes a good torch soaked in
oil.</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter tow"er</hw> (?). <def>A large metal pipe made to be extended
vertically by sections, and used for discharging water upon burning
buildings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter tree`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A climbing shrub
(<i>Tetracera alnifolia, or potatoria</i>) of Western Africa, which pours
out a watery sap from the freshly cut stems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter tre"foil`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The buck
bean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter tube`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a system of
tubular excretory organs having external openings, found in many
invertebrates. They are believed to be analogous in function to the kidneys
of vertebrates.  See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Trematodea</u>, and
<u>Sporocyst</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter tu"pe*lo</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A species of large
tupelo (<i>Nyssa aquatica</i>) growing in swamps in the southern of the
United States.  See <u>Ogeechee lime</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter tur"key</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American
snakebird.  See <u>Snakebird</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter tu tu`y&egrave;re"</hw> (?). <def>A tuy&egrave;re kept cool
by water circulating within a casing. It is used for hot blast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter tu twist`</hw> (?). <def>Yarn made by the throstle, or water
frame.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1634 !></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter vine`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the genus
<i>Phytocrene</i>, climbing shrubs of Asia and Africa, the stems of which
are singularly porous, and when cut stream with a limpid potable
juice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter vi"o*let</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Violet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter vi"per</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Water
moccasin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter vole`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Vole</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter wag"tail`</hw> (?). <def>See under <u>Wagtail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Heavy
plank or timber extending fore and aft the whole length of a vessel's deck
at the line of junction with the sides, forming a channel to the scuppers,
which are cut through it. In iron vessels the waterway is variously
constructed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter way`</hw>. <def>Same as <u>Water course</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Anacharis</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter wheel`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any wheel for
propelling machinery or for other purposes, that is made to rotate by the
direct action of water; -- called an <i>overshot wheel</i> when the water
is applied at the top, an <i>undershot wheel</i> when at the bottom, a
<i>breast wheel</i> when at an intermediate point; other forms are called
<i>reaction wheel</i>, <i>vortex wheel</i>, <i>turbine wheel</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The paddle wheel of a steam vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wheel for raising water; a noria, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter wil`low</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American aquatic
plant (<i>Dianthera Americana</i>) with long willowlike leaves, and spikes
of small purplish flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter wing`</hw> (?). <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One of two walls built on
either side of the junction of a bridge with the bank of a river, to
protect the abutment of the bridge and the bank from the action of the
current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter witch`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The dabchick.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The stormy petrel.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter-withe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
vinelike plant (<i>Vitis Carib&aelig;a</i>) growing in parched districts in
the West Indies, and containing a great amount of sap which is sometimes
used for quenching thirst.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Paint.)</i> <def>Painting executed in size or distemper, on canvas or
walls, -- formerly, frequently taking the place of tapestry.</def>
<i>Shak. Fairholt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An hydraulic apparatus, or a system of works or
fixtures, by which a supply of water is furnished for useful or ornamental
purposes, including dams, sluices, pumps, aqueducts, distributing pipes,
fountains, etc.; -- used chiefly in the plural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*worn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worn, smoothed, or
polished by the action of water; as, <i>waterworn</i> stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
plant of the natural order <i>Elatine&aelig;</i>, consisting of two genera
(<i>Elatine</i>, and <i>Bergia</i>), mostly small annual herbs growing in
the edges of ponds. Some have a peppery or acrid taste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>w&aelig;terig</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to water; consisting of
water.</def>  "The <i>watery</i> god." <i>Dryden.</i> "Fish within their
<i>watery</i> residence." <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with water; wet; hence,
tearful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Resembling water; thin or transparent, as a
liquid; as, <i>watery</i> humors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The oily and <i>watery</i> parts of the
aliment.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, abounding in thin, tasteless, or insipid
fluid; tasteless; insipid; vapid; spiritless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Watt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the distinguished
mechanician and scientist, James <i>Watt</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A unit
of power or activity equal to 10<sup>7</sup> C.G.S. units of power, or to
work done at the rate of one joule a second.  An English horse power is
approximately equal to 746 watts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wat"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>watel</i>,
<i>watul</i>, <i>watol</i>, hurdle, covering, wattle; cf. OE. <i>watel</i>
a bag.  Cf. <u>Wallet</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A twig or flexible rod; hence, a hurdle made of
such rods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And there he built with <i>wattles</i> from the marsh<BR>
A little lonely church in days of yore.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rod laid on a roof to support the
thatch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A naked
fleshy, and usually wrinkled and highly colored, process of the skin
hanging from the chin or throat of a bird or reptile.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Barbel of a fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The astringent bark of
several Australian trees of the genus <i>Acacia</i>, used in tanning; --
called also <i>wattle bark</i>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The trees from which the bark is obtained.  See <i>Savanna wattle</i>,
under <u>Savanna</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wattle turkey</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Brush turkey</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wat"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wattled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wattling</u> (?).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind with twigs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To twist or interweave, one with another, as
twigs; to form a network with; to plat; as, to <i>wattle</i>
branches.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To form, by interweaving or platting
twigs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The folded flocks, penned in their <i>wattled</i>
cotes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wat"tle*bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of honey eaters
belonging to <i>Anthoch&aelig;ra</i> and allied genera of the family
<i>Meliphagid&aelig;</i>.  These birds usually have a large and conspicuous
wattle of naked skin hanging down below each ear. They are natives of
Australia and adjacent islands.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The best-known species (<i>Anthoch&aelig;ra carunculata</i>) has
the upper parts grayish brown, with a white stripe on each feather, and the
wing and tail quills dark brown or blackish, tipped with withe. Its
wattles, in life, are light blood-red. Called also <i>wattled crow</i>,
<i>wattled bee-eater</i>, <i>wattled honey eater</i>.  Another species
(<i>A. inauris</i>) is streaked with black, gray, and white, and its long
wattles are white, tipped with orange. The bush wattlebirds, belonging to
the genus <i>Anellobia</i>, are closely related, but lack conspicuous
wattles. The most common species (<i>A. mellivora</i>) is dark brown,
finely streaked with white. Called also <i>goruck creeper</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Australian brush
turkey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wat"tled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with wattles,
or pendent fleshy processes at the chin or throat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>wattled</i> cocks strut to and fro.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wat"tling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
binding or platting with twigs; also, the network so formed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Made with a <i>wattling</i> of canes or sticks.</blockquote>
<i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Watt"me`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Watt</i> +
<i>meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring power in
watts, -- much used in measuring the energy of an electric
current.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Waucht</hw>, <hw>Waught</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Quaff</u>.] <def>A large draught of any liquid.</def>  [Scot.]
<i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waul</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Of imitative origin.]
<def>To cry as a cat; to squall; to wail.</def>  [Written also
<i>wawl</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The helpless infant, coming <i>wauling</i> and crying into
the world.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Waur</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Worse</u>.]
<def>Worse.</def>  [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Murder and <i>waur</i> than murder.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wave</hw> (w&amacr;v), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Waive</u>.</def>  <i>Sir H. Wotton. Burke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wave</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Waved</u> (w&amacr;vd); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Waving</u>.] [OE. <i>waven</i>, AS. <i>wafian</i> to waver, to hesitate,
to wonder; akin to <i>w&aelig;fre</i> wavering, restless, MHG.
<i>wabern</i> to be in motion, Icel. <i>vafra</i> to hover about; cf. Icel.
<i>v&amacr;fa</i> to vibrate.  Cf. <u>Waft</u>, <u>Waver</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play loosely; to move like a wave, one way
and the other; to float; to flutter; to undulate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His purple robes <i>waved</i> careless to the
winds.</blockquote> <i>Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where the flags of three nations has successively
<i>waved</i>.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be moved to and fro as a signal.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To fluctuate; to waver; to be in an unsettled
state; to vacillate.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>waved</i> indifferently 'twixt doing them neither good
nor harm.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wave</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move
one way and the other; to brandish.</def>  "[&AElig;neas] <i>waved</i> his
fatal sword."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To raise into inequalities of surface; to give
an undulating form a surface to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Horns whelked and <i>waved</i> like the enridged
sea.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To move like a wave, or by floating; to
waft.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To call attention to, or give a direction or
command to, by a waving motion, as of the hand; to signify by waving; to
beckon; to signal; to indicate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Look, with what courteous action<BR>
It <i>waves</i> you to a more removed ground.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She spoke, and bowing <i>waved</i><BR>
Dismissal.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wave</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wave</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>; not the same word as OE. <i>wawe</i>, <i>waghe</i>, a
wave, which is akin to E. <i>wag</i> to move. &radic;136.  See <u>Wave</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An advancing ridge or swell on the surface of a
liquid, as of the sea, resulting from the oscillatory motion of the
particles composing it when disturbed by any force their position of rest;
an undulation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>wave</i> behind impels the <i>wave</i>
before.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A vibration propagated from
particle to particle through a body or elastic medium, as in the
transmission of sound; an assemblage of vibrating molecules in all phases
of a vibration, with no phase repeated; a wave of vibration; an undulation.
See <u>Undulation</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Water; a body of water.</def>  [Poetic] "Deep
drank Lord Marmion of the <i>wave</i>."  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Build a ship to save thee from the flood,<BR>
I 'll furnish thee with fresh <i>wave</i>, bread, and wine.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Unevenness; inequality of surface.</def>  <i>Sir
I. Newton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A waving or undulating motion; a signal made
with the hand, a flag, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The undulating line or streak of luster on cloth
watered, or calendered, or on damask steel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A swelling or excitement of thought,
feeling, or energy; a tide; as, <i>waves</i> of enthusiasm.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wave front</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the surface of
initial displacement of the particles in a medium, as a wave of vibration
advances.</cd> -- <col><b>Wave length</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the
space, reckoned in the direction of propagation, occupied by a complete
wave or undulation, as of light, sound, etc.; the distance from a point or
phase in a wave to the nearest point at which the same phase occurs.</cd> -
- <col><b>Wave line</b></col> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>a line of a
vessel's hull, shaped in accordance with the wave-line system.</cd> --
<col><b>Wave-line system</b></col>, <col><b>Wave-line theory</b></col>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i>, <cd>a system or theory of designing the lines of a
vessel, which takes into consideration the length and shape of a wave which
travels at a certain speed.</cd> -- <col><b>Wave loaf</b></col>, <cd>a loaf
for a wave offering.</cd> <i>Lev. viii. 27.</i> -- <col><b>Wave
moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of
small geometrid moths belonging to <i>Acidalia</i> and allied genera; -- so
called from the wavelike color markings on the wings.</cd> -- <col><b>Wave
offering</b></col>, <cd>an offering made in the Jewish services by waving
the object, as a loaf of bread, toward the four cardinal points.</cd>
<i>Num. xviii. 11.</i> -- <col><b>Wave of vibration</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a wave which consists in, or is occasioned by, the
production and transmission of a vibratory state from particle to particle
through a body.</cd> -- <col><b>Wave surface</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Physics)</i> <cd>A surface of simultaneous and equal displacement of
the particles composing a wave of vibration.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Geom.)</i> <cd>A mathematical surface of the fourth order which, upon
certain hypotheses, is the locus of a wave surface of light in the interior
of crystals. It is used in explaining the phenomena of double refraction.
See under <u>Refraction</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wave theory</b></col>.
<i>(Physics)</i> <cd>See <i>Undulatory theory</i>, under
<u>Undulatory</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Waved</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Exhibiting a wavelike form or outline; undulating; intended; wavy; as,
<i>waved</i> edge.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a wavelike appearance; marked with
wavelike lines of color; as, <i>waved</i>, or watered, silk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Having undulations like waves; --
said of one of the lines in heraldry which serve as outlines to the
ordinaries, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wave"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from waves;
undisturbed; not agitated; as, the <i>waveless</i> sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wave"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little wave; a
ripple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"vel*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After Dr. Wm.
<i>Wavel</i>, the discoverer.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous phosphate of
alumina, occurring usually in hemispherical radiated forms varying in color
from white to yellow, green, or black.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wavered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wavering</u>.] [OE. <i>waveren</i>, from AS. <i>w&aelig;fre</i>
wavering, restless.  See <u>Wave</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To play or move to and fro; to move one way and
the other; hence, to totter; to reel; to swing; to flutter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With banners and pennons <i>wavering</i> with the
wind.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou wouldst <i>waver</i> on one of these trees as a terror
to all evil speakers against dignities.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be unsettled in opinion; to vacillate; to be
undetermined; to fluctuate; as, to <i>water</i> in judgment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let us hold fast . . . without <i>wavering</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Heb. x. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In feeble hearts, propense enough before<BR>
To <i>waver</i>, or fall <i>off and join with idols</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To reel; totter; vacillate.  See <u>Fluctuate</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Wa"ver</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wave</u>, or
<u>Waver</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>A sapling left standing in a
fallen wood.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ver*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wavers; one
who is unsettled in doctrine, faith, opinion, or the like.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ver*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wavering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ver*ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of wavering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wave"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wave</u>; cf.
<u>Jetsam</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>Goods which, after shipwreck,
appear floating on the waves, or sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wave"-worn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worn by the
waves.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The shore that o'er his <i>wave-worn</i> basis
bowed.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wa"vey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
snow goose.</def>  [Canadian, &amp; Local U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wav"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being wavy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wav"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Waivure</u>.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wav"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rising
or swelling in waves; full of waves.</def>  "The <i>wavy</i> seas."
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Playing to and fro; undulating; as, <i>wavy</i>
flames.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let her glad valleys smile with <i>wavy</i>
corn.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Undulating on the border or
surface; waved.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Wa*was"keesh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From an Indian name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wapiti, or wapiti, or American elk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wawe</hw> (w&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Woe</u>.]
<def>Woe.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wawe</hw> (w&add;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wawe</i>,
<i>waghe</i>; cf. Icel. <i>v&amacr;gr</i>; akin to E. <i>wag</i>; not the
same word as <i>wave</i>.] <def>A wave.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.
Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Waul</u>.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wax</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Waxed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Waxed</u>, and Obs. or Poetic
<u>Waxen</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Waxing</u>.] [AS.
<i>weaxan</i>; akin to OFries. <i>waxa</i>, D. <i>wassen</i>, OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>wahsan</i>, G. <i>wachsen</i>, Icel. <i>vaxa</i>, Sw. <i>v&auml;xa</i>,
Dan. <i>voxe</i>, Goth. <i>wahsjan</i>, Gr. &?; to increase, Skr.
<i>waksh</i>, <i>uksh</i>, to grow. &?;&?;&?;.  Cf. <u>Waist</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To increase in size; to grow bigger; to become
larger or fuller; -- opposed to <i>wane</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>waxing</i> and the waning of the moon.</blockquote>
<i>Hakewill.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Truth's treasures . . . never shall <i>wax</i> ne
wane.</blockquote> <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pass from one state to another; to become; to
grow; as, to <i>wax</i> strong; to <i>wax</i> warmer or colder; to
<i>wax</i> feeble; to <i>wax</i> old; to <i>wax</i> worse and
worse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your clothes are not <i>waxen</i> old upon you.</blockquote>
<i>Deut. xxix. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where young Adonis oft reposes,<BR>
<i>Waxing</i> well of his deep wound.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Waxing kernels</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>small tumors formed
by the enlargement of the lymphatic glands, especially in the groins of
children; -- popularly so called, because supposed to be caused by growth
of the body.</cd> <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wax</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>weax</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>wax</i>, D. <i>was</i>, G. <i>wachs</i>, OHG. <i>wahs</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw.
<i>vax</i>, Dan. <i>vox</i>, Lith. <i>vaszkas</i>, Russ. <i>vosk'</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A fatty, solid substance, produced by bees, and
employed by them in the construction of their comb; -- usually called
<i>beeswax</i>. It is first excreted, from a row of pouches along their
sides, in the form of scales, which, being masticated and mixed with
saliva, become whitened and tenacious. Its natural color is pale or dull
yellow.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Beeswax consists essentially of cerotic acid (constituting the
more soluble part) and of myricyl palmitate (constituting the less soluble
part).</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any substance resembling beeswax in
consistency or appearance.</def>  Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Cerumen, or earwax.</def>
See <u>Cerumen</u>.</p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A waxlike composition used for uniting
surfaces, for excluding air, and for other purposes; as, sealing
<i>wax</i>, grafting <i>wax</i>, etching <i>wax</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A waxlike composition used by shoemakers for
rubbing their thread.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A substance similar to
beeswax, secreted by several species of scale insects, as the Chinese wax.
See <i>Wax insect</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A waxlike product secreted by
certain plants.  See <i>Vegetable wax</i>, under
<u>Vegetable</u>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A substance, somewhat resembling
wax, found in connection with certain deposits of rock salt and coal; --
called also mineral wax, and <i>ozocerite</i>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>Thick sirup made by boiling down the sap of the
sugar maple, and then cooling.</def>  [Local U. S.]</p>

<p><col><b>Japanese wax</b></col>, <cd>a waxlike substance made in Japan
from the berries of certain species of <i>Rhus</i>, esp. <i>R.
succedanea</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Mineral wax</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i>
<cd>See <u>Wax</u>, 2 <sd><i>(f)</i></sd>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Wax
cloth</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Waxed cloth</i>, under <u>Waxed</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wax end</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Waxed end</i>, under
<u>Waxed</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wax flower</b></col>, <cd>a flower made of,
or resembling, wax.</cd> -- <col><b>Wax insect</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of scale insects
belonging to the family <i>Coccid&aelig;</i>, which secrete from their
bodies a waxlike substance, especially the Chinese wax insect (<i>Coccus
Sinensis</i>) from which a large amount of the commercial Chinese wax is
obtained. Called also <i>pela</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wax light</b></col>,
<cd>a candle or taper of wax.</cd> -- <col><b>Wax moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a pyralid moth (<i>Galleria cereana</i>) whose
larv&aelig; feed upon honeycomb, and construct silken galleries among the
fragments. The moth has dusky gray wings streaked with brown near the outer
edge. The larva is yellowish white with brownish dots. Called also <i>bee
moth</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wax myrtle</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Bayberry</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wax painting</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
painting practiced by the ancients, under the name of <i>encaustic</i>. The
pigments were ground with wax, and diluted. After being applied, the wax
was melted with hot irons and the color thus fixed.</cd> -- <col><b>Wax
palm</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A species of palm
(<i>Ceroxylon Andicola</i>) native of the Andes, the stem of which is
covered with a secretion, consisting of two thirds resin and one third wax,
which, when melted with a third of fat, makes excellent candles.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A Brazilian tree (<i>Copernicia cerifera</i>) the
young leaves of which are covered with a useful waxy secretion.</cd> --
<col><b>Wax paper</b></col>, <cd>paper prepared with a coating of white wax
and other ingredients.</cd> -- <col><b>Wax plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a name given to several plants</cd>, as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
Indian pipe (see under <u>Indian</u>).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
<i>Hoya carnosa</i>, a climbing plant with polished, fleshy leaves.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Certain species of <i>Begonia</i> with similar
foliage.</cd> -- <col><b>Wax tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A tree or shrub (<i>Ligustrum lucidum</i>) of
China, on which certain insects make a thick deposit of a substance
resembling white wax.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of sumac (<i>Rhus
succedanea</i>) of Japan, the berries of which yield a sort of wax.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A rubiaceous tree (<i>El&aelig;agia utilis</i>) of
New Grenada, called by the inhabitants "<i>arbol del cera</i>."</cd> --
<col><b>Wax yellow</b></col>, <cd>a dull yellow, resembling the natural
color of beeswax.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1635 !></p>

<p><hw>Wax</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Waxed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Waxing</u>.] <def>To smear or rub with wax; to treat with wax; as, to
<i>wax</i> a thread or a table.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Waxed cloth</b></col>, <cd>cloth covered with a coating of wax,
used as a cover, of tables and for other purposes; -- called also <i>wax
cloth</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Waxed end</b></col>, <cd>a thread pointed with a
bristle and covered with shoemaker's wax, used in sewing leather, as for
boots, shoes, and the like; -- called also <i>wax end</i>.</cd>
<i>Brockett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wax"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
wax-covered fruit of the wax myrtle, or bayberry.  See <u>Bayberry</u>, and
<u>Candleberry tree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wax"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of finchlike birds belonging to
<i>Estrelda</i> and allied genera, native of Asia, Africa, and Australia.
The bill is large, conical, and usually red in color, resembling sealing
wax. Several of the species are often kept as cage birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wax"bird`</hw> (?), <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The waxwing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wax"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made
of wax.</def>  "The female bee, that . . . builds her <i>waxen</i> cells."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Covered with wax; waxed; as, a <i>waxen</i>
tablet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Resembling wax; waxy; hence, soft;
yielding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men have marble, women <i>waxen</i>, minds.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Waxen chatterer</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the Bohemian
chatterer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wax"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being waxy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wax"wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of small birds of the genus <i>Ampelis</i>,
in which some of the secondary quills are usually tipped with small horny
ornaments resembling red sealing wax. The Bohemian waxwing (see under
<u>Bohemian</u>) and the cedar bird are examples. Called also
<i>waxbird</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wax"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Work made of wax; especially, a figure or figures formed or partly of
wax, in imitation of real beings.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An American climbing shrub
(<i>Celastrus scandens</i>). It bears a profusion of yellow berrylike pods,
which open in the autumn, and display the scarlet coverings of the
seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wax"work`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who works in wax; one who makes waxwork.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A bee that makes or produces wax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wax"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling wax in
appearance or consistency; viscid; adhesive; soft; hence, yielding;
pliable; impressible.</def>  "<i>Waxy</i> to persuasion."  <i>Bp.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Waxy degeneration</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>amyloid
degeneration.  See under <u>Amyloid</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Waxy
kidney</b></col>, <col><b>Waxy liver</b></col>, etc. <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a
kidney or liver affected by waxy degeneration.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Way</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of <i>away</i>.]
<def>Away.</def>  [Obs. or Archaic]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To do way</b></col>, <cd>to take away; to remove.</cd> [Obs.]
"<i>Do way</i> your hands." <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To make way
with</b></col>, <cd>to make away with.  See under <u>Away</u>.</cd>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>Way</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wey</i>, <i>way</i>, AS.
<i>weg</i>; akin to OS., D., OHG., &amp; G. <i>weg</i>, Icel. <i>vegr</i>, Sw.
<i>v&auml;g</i>, Dan. <i>vei</i>, Goth. <i>wigs</i>, L. <i>via</i>, and AS.
<i>wegan</i> to move, L. <i>vehere</i> to carry, Skr. <i>vah</i>.
&radic;136.   Cf. <u>Convex</u>, <u>Inveigh</u>, <u>Vehicle</u>,
<u>Vex</u>, <u>Via</u>, <u>Voyage</u>, <u>Wag</u>, <u>Wagon</u>,
<u>Wee</u>, <u>Weigh</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That by, upon, or along, which one passes or
processes; opportunity or room to pass; place of passing; passage; road,
street, track, or path of any kind; as, they built a <i>way</i> to the
mine.</def>  "To find the <i>way</i> to heaven."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I shall him seek by <i>way</i> and eke by
street.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>way</i> seems difficult, and steep to
scale.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The season and <i>ways</i> were very improper for his
majesty's forces to march so great a distance.</blockquote>
<i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Length of space; distance; interval; as, a great
<i>way</i>; a long <i>way</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And whenever the <i>way</i> seemed long,<BR>
Or his heart began to fail.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A moving; passage; procession;
journey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I prythee, now, lead the <i>way</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Course or direction of motion or process;
tendency of action; advance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If that <i>way</i> be your walk, you have not
far.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And let eternal justice take the <i>way</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The means by which anything is reached, or
anything is accomplished; scheme; device; plan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My best <i>way</i> is to creep under his
gaberdine.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By noble <i>ways</i> we conquest will prepare.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What impious <i>ways</i> my wishes took!</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Manner; method; mode; fashion; style; as, the
<i>way</i> of expressing one's ideas.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Regular course; habitual method of life or
action; plan of conduct; mode of dealing.</def>  "Having lost the
<i>way</i> of nobleness."  <i>Sir. P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>ways</i> are <i>ways</i> of pleasantness, and all her
paths are peace.</blockquote> <i>Prov. iii. 17.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When men lived in a grander <i>way</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>Sphere or scope of observation.</def>  <i>Jer.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The public ministers that fell in my
<i>way</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Temple.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Determined course; resolved mode of action or
conduct; as, to have one's <i>way</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Progress;
as, a ship has <i>way</i>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>The
timbers on which a ship is launched.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The longitudinal
guides, or guiding surfaces, on the bed of a planer, lathe, or the like,
along which a table or carriage moves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Right of way.  See
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By the way</b></col>, <cd>in passing; apropos; aside; apart
from, though connected with, the main object or subject of discourse.</cd>
-- <col><b>By way of</b></col>, <cd>for the purpose of; as being; in
character of.</cd> -- <col><b>Covert way</b></col>. <i>(Fort.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Covered way</i>, under <u>Covered</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>In the family
way</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Family</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>In the
way</b></col>, <cd>so as to meet, fall in with, obstruct, hinder, etc.</cd>
-- <col><b>In the way with</b></col>, <cd>traveling or going with; meeting
or being with; in the presence of.</cd> -- <col><b>Milky way</b></col>.
<i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See <u>Galaxy</u>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>No
way</b></col>, <col><b>No ways</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Noway</u>,
<u>Noways</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>On the way</b></col>,
<cd>traveling or going; hence, in process; advancing toward completion; as,
<i>on the way</i> to this country; <i>on the way</i> to success.</cd> --
<col><b>Out of the way</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Out</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Right of way</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a right of private passage
over another's ground. It may arise either by grant or prescription. It may
be attached to a house, entry, gate, well, or city lot, as well as to a
country farm.</cd> <i>Kent.</i> -- <col><b>To be under way</b></col>, or
<col><b>To have way</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to be in motion, as when
a ship begins to move.</cd> -- <col><b>To give way</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Give</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To go one's way</b></col>, or <col><b>To come
one's way</b></col>, <cd>to go or come; to depart or come along.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To go the way of all the earth</b></col>, <cd>to
die.</cd> -- <col><b>To make one's way</b></col>, <cd>to advance in life by
one's personal efforts.</cd> -- <col><b>To make way</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Make</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Ways and
means</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Methods; resources;
facilities.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Legislation)</i> <cd>Means for
raising money; resources for revenue.</cd> -- <col><b>Way leave</b></col>,
<cd>permission to cross, or a right of way across, land; also, rent paid
for such right.</cd> [Eng] -- <col><b>Way of the cross</b></col>
<i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>the course taken in visiting in rotation the stations
of the cross.  See <u>Station</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 7
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Way of the rounds</b></col>
<i>(Fort.)</i>, <cd>a space left for the passage of the rounds between a
rampart and the wall of a fortified town.</cd> -- <col><b>Way
pane</b></col>, <cd>a pane for cartage in irrigated land.  See <u>Pane</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Way
passenger</b></col>, <cd>a passenger taken up, or set down, at some
intermediate place between the principal stations on a line of travel.</cd>
-- <col><b>Ways of God</b></col>, <cd>his providential government, or his
works.</cd> -- <col><b>Way station</b></col>, <cd>an intermediate station
between principal stations on a line of travel, especially on a
railroad.</cd> -- <col><b>Way train</b></col>, <cd>a train which stops at
the intermediate, or way, stations; an accommodation train.</cd> --
<col><b>Way warden</b></col>, <cd>the surveyor of a road.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Street; highway; road.  -- <u>Way</u>, <u>Street</u>,
<u>Highway</u>, <u>Road</u>. <i>Way</i> is generic, denoting any line for
passage or conveyance; a <i>highway</i> is literally one <i>raised</i> for
the sake of dryness and convenience in traveling; a <i>road</i> is,
strictly, a way for horses and carriages; a <i>street</i> is,
etymologically, a <i>paved</i> way, as early made in towns and cities; and,
hence, the word is distinctively applied to roads or highways in compact
settlements.</p>

<p><blockquote>All keep the broad <i>highway</i>, and take delight<BR>
With many rather for to go astray.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is but one <i>road</i> by which to climb
up.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When night<BR>
Darkens the <i>streets</i>, then wander forth the sons<BR>
Of Belial, flown with insolence and wine.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To go or travel to; to go
in, as a way or path.</def>  [Obs.] "In land not <i>wayed</i>."
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move; to progress; to
go.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>On a time as they together <i>wayed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A list of passengers
in a public vehicle, or of the baggage or gods transported by a common
carrier on a land route. When the goods are transported by water, the list
is called a <i>bill of lading</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Way"bread`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wegbr&?;de</i>.
See <u>Way</u>, and <u>Broad</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The common dooryard
plantain (<i>Plantago major</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Way"bung`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
Australian insessorial bird (<i>Corcorax melanorhamphus</i>) noted for the
curious actions of the male during the breeding season. It is black with a
white patch on each wing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wayed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Used to the way;
broken.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A horse that is not well <i>wayed</i>; he starts at every
bird that flies out the hedge.</blockquote> <i>Selden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way"fare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<i>Way</i> +
<i>fare</i> to go.] <def>To journey; to travel; to go to and fro.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A certain Laconian, as he <i>wayfared</i>, came unto a place
where there dwelt an old friend of his.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way"fare`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of journeying;
travel; passage.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way"far`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who travels; a
traveler; a passenger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Way"far`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Traveling; passing;
being on a journey.</def>  "A <i>wayfaring</i> man."  <i>Judg. xix.
17.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wayfaring tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European shrub
(<i>Viburnum lantana</i>) having large ovate leaves and dense cymes of
small white flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>American wayfaring tree</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the (<i>Viburnum lantanoides</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Way"gate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tailrace of a
mill.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way"-go`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going away;
departing; of or pertaining to one who goes away.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Way-going crop</b></col> <i>(Law of Leases)</i>, <cd>a crop of
grain to which tenants for years are sometimes entitled by custom; grain
sown in the fall to be reaped at the next harvest; a crop which will not
ripen until after the termination of the lease.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way"-goose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Wayz-
goose</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wayk</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weak.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way"lay`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Waylaid</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Waylaying</u>.] [<i>Way</i> + <i>lay</i>.] <def>To lie in wait for; to
meet or encounter in the way; especially, to watch for the passing of, with
a view to seize, rob, or slay; to beset in ambush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Falstaff, Bardolph, Peto, and Gadshill shall rob those men
that we have already <i>waylaid</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She often contrived to <i>waylay</i> him in his
walks.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way"lay`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who waylays
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Way"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no road or path;
pathless.</def></p>

<p><hw>Way"le*way</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Welaway</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Way"mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes a way;
a precursor.</def>  [R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way"mark`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mark to guide in
traveling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Way"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Waymented</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Waymenting</u>.] [OE. <i>waymenten</i>, OF. <i>waimenter</i>,
<i>gaimenter</i>, <i>guaimenter</i>, from <i>wai</i>, <i>guai</i>, woe! (of
Teutonic origin; see <u>Woe</u>) and L. <i>lamentari</i> to lament.  See
<u>Lament</u>.] <def>To lament; to grieve; to wail.</def>  [Written also
<i>waiment</i>.] [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thilke science . . . maketh a man to
<i>waymenten</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For what boots it to weep and <i>wayment</i>,<BR>
When ill is chanced?</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Grief; lamentation;
mourning.</def>  [Written also <i>waiment</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>-ways</hw> (?). <def>A suffix formed from <i>way</i> by the addition
of the adverbial <i>-s</i> (see <u>-wards</u>). It is often used
interchangeably with <i>wise</i>; as, end<i>ways</i> or end<i>wise</i>;
no<i>ways</i> or no<i>wise</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Way" shaft`</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A rock
shaft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>An interior shaft, usually one
connecting two levels.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way"side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The side of the way;
the edge or border of a road or path.</def></p>

<p><hw>Way"side`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
wayside; as, <i>wayside</i> flowers.</def>  "A <i>wayside</i> inn."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>weiward</i>, for
<i>aweiward</i>, i. e., turned away.  See <u>Away</u>, and <u>-ward</u>.]
<def>Taking one's own way; disobedient; froward; perverse;
willful.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My wife is in a <i>wayward</i> mood.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wayward</i> beauty doth not fancy move.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wilt thou forgive the <i>wayward</i> thought?</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Way"ward*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Way"ward*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Way"-wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Skillful in finding
the way; well acquainted with the way or route; wise from having
traveled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Way"wis`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>wegweiser</i> a
waymark, a guide; <i>weg</i> way + <i>weisen</i> to show, direct.] <def>An
instrument for measuring the distance which one has traveled on the road;
an odometer, pedometer, or perambulator.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>waywiser</i> to a coach, exactly measuring the miles,
and showing them by an index.</blockquote> <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Way"wode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>voevoda</i>, or
Pol. <i>woiewoda</i>; properly, a leader of an army, a leader in war.  Cf.
<u>Vaivode</u>.] <def>Originally, the title of a military commander in
various Slavonic countries; afterwards applied to governors of towns or
provinces. It was assumed for a time by the rulers of Moldavia and
Wallachia, who were afterwards called <i>hospodars</i>, and has also been
given to some inferior Turkish officers.</def>  [Written also
<i>vaivode</i>, <i>voivode</i>, <i>waiwode</i>, and <i>woiwode</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Way"wode*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office, province,
or jurisdiction of a waywode.</def></p>

<p><hw>Way"worn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearied by
traveling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wayz"-goose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Wase</i> stubble +
<i>goose</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stubble goose.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An annual feast of the persons employed in a
printing office.</def>  [Written also <i>way-goose</i>.] [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>We</hw> (w&emacr;), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos>; <pos><i>pl.</i></pos>
of I. [<pos><i>Poss.</i></pos> <u>Our</u> (our) or <u>Ours</u> (ourz);
<pos><i>obj.</i></pos> <u>Us</u> (&ubreve;s).  See <u>I</u>.] [As.
<i>w&emacr;</i>; akin to OS. <i>w&imacr;</i>, OFries. &amp; LG. <i>wi</i>, D.
<i>wij</i>, G. <i>wir</i>, Icel. <i>v&emacr;r</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>vi</i>,
Goth. <i>weis</i>, Skr. <i>vayam</i>. &radic;190.] <def>The plural
nominative case of the pronoun of the first person; the word with which a
person in speaking or writing denotes a number or company of which he is
one, as the subject of an action expressed by a verb.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>We</i> is frequently used to express men in general, including
the speaker. <i>We</i> is also often used by individuals, as authors,
editors, etc., in speaking of themselves, in order to avoid the appearance
of egotism in the too frequent repetition of the pronoun <i>I</i>. The
plural style is also in use among kings and other sovereigns, and is said
to have been begun by King John of England. Before that time, monarchs used
the singular number in their edicts. The German and the French sovereigns
followed the example of King John in <u>a. d.</u> 1200.</p>

<p><hw>Weak</hw> (w&emacr;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Weaker</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Weakest</u>.] [OE. <i>weik</i>, Icel.
<i>veikr</i>; akin to Sw. <i>vek</i>, Dan. <i>veg</i> soft, flexible,
pliant, AS. <i>w&amacr;c</i> weak, soft, pliant, D. <i>week</i>, G.
<i>weich</i>, OHG. <i>weih</i>; all from the verb seen in Icel.
<i>v&imacr;kja</i> to turn, veer, recede, AS. <i>w&imacr;can</i> to yield,
give way, G. <i>weichen</i>, OHG. <i>w&imacr;hhan</i>, akin to Skr.
<i>vij</i>, and probably to E. <i>week</i>, L. <i>vicis</i> a change, turn,
Gr. <grk>e'i`kein</grk> to yield, give way. &radic;132.  Cf. <u>Week</u>,
<u>Wink</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <u>Vicissitude</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wanting physical strength.</def>  Specifically:
--</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Deficient in strength of body; feeble; infirm;
sickly; debilitated; enfeebled; exhausted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A poor, infirm, <i>weak</i>, and despised old
man.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Weak</i> with hunger, mad with love.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Not able to sustain a great weight, pressure,
or strain; as, a <i>weak</i> timber; a <i>weak</i> rope.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Not firmly united or adhesive; easily broken or
separated into pieces; not compact; as, a <i>weak</i> ship.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Not stiff; pliant; frail; soft; as, the
<i>weak</i> stalk of a plant.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Not able to resist external force or onset;
easily subdued or overcome; as, a <i>weak</i> barrier; as, a <i>weak</i>
fortress.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Lacking force of utterance or sound; not
sonorous; low; small; feeble; faint.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A voice not soft, <i>weak</i>, piping, and
womanish.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>Not thoroughly or abundantly impregnated with
the usual or required ingredients, or with stimulating and nourishing
substances; of less than the usual strength; as, <i>weak</i> tea, broth, or
liquor; a <i>weak</i> decoction or solution; a <i>weak</i> dose of
medicine.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>Lacking ability for an appropriate function or
office; as, <i>weak</i> eyes; a <i>weak</i> stomach; a <i>weak</i>
magistrate; a <i>weak</i> regiment, or army.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not possessing or manifesting intellectual,
logical, moral, or political strength, vigor, etc.</def>  Specifically: -
</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Feeble of mind; wanting discernment; lacking
vigor; spiritless; as, a <i>weak</i> king or magistrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To think every thing disputable is a proof of a <i>weak</i>
mind and captious temper.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Origen was never <i>weak</i> enough to imagine that there
were two Gods.</blockquote> <i>Waterland.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Resulting from, or indicating, lack of
judgment, discernment, or firmness; unwise; hence, foolish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If evil thence ensue,<BR>
She first his <i>weak</i> indulgence will accuse.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Not having full confidence or conviction; not
decided or confirmed; vacillating; wavering.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Him that is <i>weak</i> in the faith receive ye, but not to
doubtful disputations.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xiv. 1.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Not able to withstand temptation, urgency,
persuasion, etc.; easily impressed, moved, or overcome; accessible;
vulnerable; as, <i>weak</i> resolutions; <i>weak</i> virtue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Guard thy heart<BR>
On this <i>weak</i> side, where most our nature fails.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>Wanting in power to influence or bind; as,
<i>weak</i> ties; a <i>weak</i> sense of honor of duty.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Not having power to convince; not supported by
force of reason or truth; unsustained; as, a <i>weak</i> argument or
case.</def>  "Convinced of his <i>weak</i> arguing."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A case so <i>weak</i> . . . hath much persisted
in.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <def>Wanting in point or vigor of expression; as, a
<i>weak</i> sentence; a <i>weak</i> style.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(h)</i></sd> <def>Not prevalent or effective, or not felt to be
prevalent; not potent; feeble.</def>  "<i>Weak</i> prayers."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(i)</i></sd> <def>Lacking in elements of political strength; not
wielding or having authority or energy; deficient in the resources that are
essential to a ruler or nation; as, a <i>weak</i> monarch; a <i>weak</i>
government or state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I must make fair weather yet awhile,<BR>
Till Henry be more <i>weak</i>, and I more strong.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(k)</i></sd> <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>Tending towards lower
prices; as, a <i>weak</i> market.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Gram.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining
to, or designating, a verb which forms its preterit (imperfect) and past
participle by adding to the present the suffix <i>-ed</i>, <i>-d</i>, or
the variant form <i>-t</i>; as in the verbs <i>abash</i>, <i>abashed</i>;
<i>abate</i>, <i>abated</i>; <i>deny</i>, <i>denied</i>; <i>feel</i>,
<i>felt</i>.  See <u>Strong</u>, 19 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to, or designating, a noun in Anglo-
Saxon, etc., the stem of which ends in <i>-n</i>.  See <u>Strong</u>, 19
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Weak</i> is often used in the formation of self-explaining
compounds; as, <i>weak</i>-eyed, <i>weak</i>-handed, <i>weak</i>-hearted,
<i>weak</i>-minded, <i>weak</i>-spirited, and the like.</p>

<p><! p. 1636 !></p>

<p><col><b>Weak conjugation</b></col> <i>(Gram.)</i>, <cd>the conjugation
of weak verbs; -- called also <i>new, or regular, conjugation</i>, and
distinguished from the <i>old</i>, or <i>irregular</i>,
<i>conjugation</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Weak declension</b></col> <i>(Anglo-
Saxon Gram.)</i>, <cd>the declension of weak nouns; also, one of the
declensions of adjectives.</cd> -- <col><b>Weak side</b></col>, <cd>the
side or aspect of a person's character or disposition by which he is most
easily affected or influenced; weakness; infirmity.</cd> -- <col><b>Weak
sore</b></col> or <col><b>ulcer</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a sore covered
with pale, flabby, sluggish granulations.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Weak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>w&?;can</i>.
<i>w&amacr;cian</i>.  See <u>Weak</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To make
or become weak; to weaken.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Never to seek <i>weaking</i> variety.</blockquote>
<i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weak"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Weakened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Weakening</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make weak; to lessen the strength of; to
deprive of strength; to debilitate; to enfeeble; to enervate; as, to
<i>weaken</i> the body or the mind; to <i>weaken</i> the hands of a
magistrate; to <i>weaken</i> the force of an objection or an
argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their hands shall be <i>weakened</i> from the work, that it
be not done.</blockquote> <i>Neh. vi. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To reduce in quality, strength, or spirit; as,
to <i>weaken</i> tea; to <i>weaken</i> any solution or decoction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weak"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become weak or weaker;
to lose strength, spirit, or determination; to become less positive or
resolute; as, the patient <i>weakened</i>; the witness <i>weakened</i> on
cross-examination.</def>  "His notion <i>weakens</i>, his discernings are
lethargied."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weak"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, weakens.</def>  "[Fastings] <i>weakeners</i> of sin."
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weak"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any fish of the genus <i>Cynoscion</i>; a squeteague; -- so called
from its tender mouth.  See <u>Squeteague</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spotted weakfish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the spotted
squeteague.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Weak"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having little
courage; of feeble spirit; dispirited; faint-hearted.</def>  "<i>Weak-
hearted</i> enemies."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weak"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat weak; rather
weak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weak"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being weakish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weak"-kneed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having weak knees;
hence, easily yielding; wanting resolution.</def>  <i>H. James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weak"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Weak</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <def>A weak or feeble creature.</def>  <i>Shak.</i> "All looking
on him as a <i>weakling</i>, which would post to the grave."
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We may not be <i>weaklings</i> because we have a strong
enemy.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weak"ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weak; feeble.</def>
<i>Sir T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weak"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a weak manner; with
little strength or vigor; feebly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weak"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Weaklier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Weakliest</u>.] <def>Not
strong of constitution; infirm; feeble; as, a <i>weakly</i> woman; a man of
a <i>weakly</i> constitution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weak"-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a weak
mind, either naturally or by reason of disease; feebleminded; foolish;
idiotic.</def>  -- <wf>Weak"-mind`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Weak"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being weak; want of strength or firmness; lack of
vigor; want of resolution or of moral strength; feebleness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is a mark of lack of strength or
resolution; a fault; a defect.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Many take pleasure in spreading abroad the <i>weakness</i>
of an exalted character.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Feebleness; debility; languor; imbecility; infirmness;
infirmity; decrepitude; frailty; faintness.</p>

<p><hw>Weal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The mark of a stripe.  See
<u>Wale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mark with stripes.  See
<u>Wale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wele</i>, AS. <i>wela</i>,
<i>weola</i>, wealth, from <i>wel</i> well.  See <u>Well</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Wealth</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sound, healthy, or prosperous state of a
person or thing; prosperity; happiness; welfare.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . grant you <i>wele</i> and prosperity.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As we love the <i>weal</i> of our souls and
bodies.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To him linked in <i>weal</i> or woe.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Never was there a time when it more concerned the public
<i>weal</i> that the character of the Parliament should stand
high.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The body politic; the state; common
wealth.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The special watchmen of our English
<i>weal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weal</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To promote the weal of; to
cause to be prosperous.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weal"-bal`anced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Balanced or
considered with reference to public weal.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weald</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.  See <u>Wold</u>.] <def>A
wood or forest; a wooded land or region; also, an open country; -- often
used in place names.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fled all night long by glimmering waste and
<i>weald</i>,<BR>
And heard the spirits of the waste and <i>weald</i><BR>
Moan as she fled.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Weald clay</b></col> <i>(Geol.)</i>, <cd>the uppermost member of
the Wealden strata.  See <u>Wealden</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Weald"en</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>weald</i>,
<i>wald</i>, a forest, a wood. So called because this formation occurs in
the <i>wealds</i>, or woods, of Kent and Sussex.  See <u>Weald</u>.]
<i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the lowest division of the
Cretaceous formation in England and on the Continent, which overlies the
O&ouml;litic series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weald"en</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The Wealden
group or strata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weald"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
weald, esp. to the weald in the county of Kent, England.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weal"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weleful.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weals"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Wealsmen</b></plw> (#). [<i>Weal</i> + <i>man</i>.] <def>A
statesman; a politician.</def>  [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wealth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>welthe</i>, from
<i>wele</i>; cf. D. <i>weelde</i> luxury.  See <u>Weal</u> prosperity.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Weal; welfare; prosperity; good.</def>  [Obs.]
"Let no man seek his own, but every man another's <i>wealth</i>."  <i>1
Cor. x. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Large possessions; a comparative abundance of
things which are objects of human desire; esp., abundance of worldly
estate; affluence; opulence; riches.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have little <i>wealth</i> to lose.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Each day new <i>wealth</i>, without their care,
provides.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wealth</i> comprises all articles of value and nothing
else.</blockquote> <i>F. A. Walker.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Active wealth</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Active</u>.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Riches; affluence; opulence; abundance.</p>

<p><hw>Wealth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of wealth;
wealthy; prosperous.</def>  [R.] <i>Sir T. More.</i> --
<wf>Wealth"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wealth"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wealthy
manner; richly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I come to wive it <i>wealthily</i> in Padua.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wealth"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being wealthy, or rich; richness; opulence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wealth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Wealthier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Wealthiest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having wealth; having large possessions, or
larger than most men, as lands, goods, money, or securities; opulent;
affluent; rich.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>wealthy</i> Hebrew of my tribe.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou broughtest us out into a <i>wealthy</i>
place.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxvi. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, ample; full; satisfactory;
abundant.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>wealthy</i> witness of my pen.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wean</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Weaned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Weaning</u>.] [OE. <i>wenen</i>, AS. <i>wenian</i>, <i>wennan</i>, to
accustom; akin to D. <i>wennen</i>, G. ge<i>w&ouml;hnen</i>, OHG.
gi<i>wennan</i>, Icel. <i>venja</i>, Sw. <i>v&auml;nja</i>, Dan.
<i>v&aelig;nne</i>, Icel. <i>vanr</i> accustomed, wont; cf. AS.
&amacr;<i>wenian</i> to wean, G. ent<i>w&ouml;hnen</i>.  See <u>Wont</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To accustom and reconcile, as a child or other
young animal, to a want or deprivation of mother's milk; to take from the
breast or udder; to cause to cease to depend on the mother
nourishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And the child grew, and was <i>weaned</i>; and Abraham made
a great feast the same day that Isaac was <i>weaned</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xxi. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to detach or alienate the affections of,
from any object of desire; to reconcile to the want or loss of
anything.</def>  "<i>Wean</i> them from themselves."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The troubles of age were intended . . . to <i>wean</i> us
gradually from our fondness of life.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wean</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A weanling; a young
child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I, being but a yearling <i>wean</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wean"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being weaned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wean"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A weanling.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wean"ling</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Wean</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>weaning</i> of the whelp is the great test of the
skill of the kennel man.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Walsh.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Weaning brash</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Brash</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wean"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Wean</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <def>A child or animal newly weaned; a wean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wean"ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Recently weaned.</def>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weap"on</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wepen</i>, AS.
<i>w&?;pen</i>; akin to OS. <i>w&?;pan</i>, OFries. <i>w&?;pin</i>,
<i>w&?;pen</i>, D. <i>wapen</i>, G. <i>waffe</i>, OHG. <i>waffan</i>,
<i>w&amacr;fan</i>, Icel. <i>v&amacr;pn</i>, Dan. <i>vaaben</i>, Sw.
<i>vapen</i>, Goth. <i>w&?;pna</i>, pl.; of uncertain origin.  Cf.
<u>Wapentake</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument of offensive of defensive combat;
something to fight with; anything used, or designed to be used, in
destroying, defeating, or injuring an enemy, as a gun, a sword,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>weapons</i> of our warfare are not
carnal.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. x. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They, astonished, all resistance lost,<BR>
All courage; down their idle <i>weapons</i> dropped.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The means or instrument with which one
contends against another; as, argument was his only <i>weapon</i>.</def>
"Woman's <i>weapons</i>, water drops."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A thorn, prickle, or sting with
which many plants are furnished.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Concealed weapons</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Concealed</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Weapon salve</b></col>, <cd>a salve which
was supposed to cure a wound by being applied to the weapon that made
it.</cd>  [Obs.] <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weap"oned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with
weapons, or arms; armed; equipped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weap"on*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no
weapon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weap"on*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Weapons,
collectively; as, an array of <i>weaponry</i>.</def>  [Poetic]</p>

<p><hw>Wear</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Weir</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wear</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Veer</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To cause to go about, as a vessel, by putting the helm
<i>up</i>, instead of <i>alee</i> as in tacking, so that the vessel's bow
is turned away from, and her stern is presented to, the wind, and, as she
turns still farther, her sails fill on the other side; to veer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wear</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Wore</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Worn</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wearing</u>. Before the 15th century <i>wear</i> was a
weak verb, the <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> being <u>Weared</u>.] [OE.
<i>weren</i>, <i>werien</i>, AS. <i>werian</i> to carry, to wear, as arms
or clothes; akin to OHG. <i>werien</i>, <i>weren</i>, to clothe, Goth.
<i>wasjan</i>, L. <i>vestis</i> clothing, <i>vestire</i> to clothe, Gr.
&?;, Skr. <i>vas</i>.  Cf. <u>Vest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To carry or bear upon the person; to bear upon
one's self, as an article of clothing, decoration, warfare, bondage, etc.;
to have appendant to one's body; to have on; as, to <i>wear</i> a coat; to
<i>wear</i> a shackle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What compass will you <i>wear</i> your
farthingale?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On her white breast a sparkling cross s&?;&?;
<i>wore</i>,<BR>
Which Jews might kiss, and infidels adore.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have or exhibit an appearance of, as an
aspect or manner; to bear; as, she <i>wears</i> a smile on her
countenance.</def>  "He <i>wears</i> the rose of youth upon him."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His innocent gestures <i>wear</i><BR>
A meaning half divine.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To use up by carrying or having upon one's self;
hence, to consume by use; to waste; to use up; as, to <i>wear</i> clothes
rapidly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To impair, waste, or diminish, by continual
attrition, scraping, percussion, on the like; to consume gradually; to
cause to lower or disappear; to spend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That wicked wight his days doth <i>wear</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The waters <i>wear</i> the stones.</blockquote> <i>Job xiv.
19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cause or make by friction or wasting; as, to
<i>wear</i> a channel; to <i>wear</i> a hole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To form or shape by, or as by,
attrition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trials <i>wear</i> us into a liking of what, possibly, in
the first essay, displeased us.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To wear away</b></col>, <cd>to consume; to impair, diminish, or
destroy, by gradual attrition or decay.</cd> -- <col><b>To wear
off</b></col>, <cd>to diminish or remove by attrition or slow decay; as,
<i>to wear off</i> the nap of cloth.</cd> -- <col><b>To wear on or
upon</b></col>, <cd>to wear.</cd> [Obs.] "[I] <i>weared upon</i> my gay
scarlet gites [gowns.]" <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>To wear out</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To consume, or render useless, by attrition or
decay; as, <i>to wear out</i> a coat or a book.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>To consume tediously.</cd> "<i>To wear out</i> miserable days."
<i>Milton.</i> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To harass; to tire.</cd> "[He] shall
<i>wear out</i> the saints of the Most High." <i>Dan vii. 25.</i>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To waste the strength of; as, an old man <i>worn
out</i> in military service.</cd> -- <col><b>To wear the
breeches</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Breeches</u>.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wear</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To endure
or suffer use; to last under employment; to bear the consequences of use,
as waste, consumption, or attrition; as, a coat <i>wears</i> well or ill; -
- hence, sometimes applied to character, qualifications, etc.; as, a man
<i>wears</i> well as an acquaintance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be wasted, consumed, or diminished, by being
used; to suffer injury, loss, or extinction by use or time; to decay, or be
spent, gradually.</def>  "Thus <i>wore</i> out night."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Away, I say; time <i>wears</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou wilt surely <i>wear</i> away, both thou and this people
that is with thee.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xviii. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His stock of money began to <i>wear</i> very
low.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The family . . . <i>wore</i> out in the earlier part of the
century.</blockquote> <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To wear off</b></col>, <cd>to pass away by degrees; as, the
follies of youth <i>wear off</i> with age.</cd> -- <col><b>To wear
on</b></col>, <cd>to pass on; as, time <i>wears on</i>.</cd> <i>G.
Eliot.</i> -- <col><b>To wear weary</b></col>, <cd>to become weary, as by
wear, long occupation, tedious employment, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
wearing, or the state of being worn; consumption by use; diminution by
friction; as, the <i>wear</i> of a garment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The thing worn; style of dress; the
fashion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Motley 's the only <i>wear</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wear and tear</b></col>, <cd>the loss by wearing, as of
machinery in use; the loss or injury to which anything is subjected by use,
accident, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wear"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
worn; suitable to be worn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wear"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who wears or carries as appendant to the body; as, the <i>wearer</i> of a
cloak, a sword, a crown, a shackle, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cowls, hoods, and habits, with their <i>wearers</i>,
tossed,<BR>
And fluttered into rags.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which wastes or diminishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wea"ri*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That may be
wearied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wea"ri*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in
qualities which cause weariness; wearisome.</def>  --
<wf>Wea"ri*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wea"ri*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incapable of being
wearied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wea"ri*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a weary
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wea"ri*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being weary or tried; lassitude; exhaustion of strength; fatigue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>weariness</i> and wine oppressed.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man would die, though he were neither valiant nor
miserable, only upon a <i>weariness</i> to do the same thing so oft over
and over.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1637 !></p>

<p><hw>Wear"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of one who wears; the manner in which a thing wears; use; conduct;
consumption.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Belike he meant to ward, and there to see his
<i>wearing</i>.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is worn; clothes; garments.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Give me my nightly <i>wearing</i> and adieu.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wear"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
designed for, wear; as, <i>wearing</i> apparel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wear"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain, but
perhaps akin to <i>weary</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Weak; withered; shrunk.</def>  [Obs.] "A
<i>wearish</i> hand."  <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A little, <i>wearish</i> old man, very melancholy by
nature.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Insipid; tasteless; unsavory.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wearish</i> as meat is that is not well
tasted.</blockquote> <i>Palsgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wea"ri*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing weariness;
tiresome; tedious; weariful; as, a <i>wearisome</i> march; a
<i>wearisome</i> day's work; a <i>wearisome</i> book.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These high wild hills and rough uneven ways<BR>
Draws out our miles, and makes them <i>wearisome</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Irksome; tiresome; tedious; fatiguing; annoying;
vexatious.  See <u>Irksome</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Wea"ri*some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Wea"ri*some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wea"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Wearier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Weariest</u>.] [OE.
<i>weri</i>, AS. <i>w&?;rig</i>; akin to OS. <i>w&?;rig</i>, OHG.
<i>wu&?;rag</i>; of uncertain origin; cf. AS. <i>w&?;rian</i> to
ramble.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the strength exhausted by toil or
exertion; worn out in respect to strength, endurance, etc.; tired;
fatigued.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I care not for my spirits if my legs were not
<i>weary</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[I] am <i>weary</i>, thinking of your task.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing weariness; tiresome.</def>
"<i>Weary</i> way." <i>Spenser.</i> "There passed a <i>weary</i> time."
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having one's patience, relish, or contentment
exhausted; tired; sick; -- with <i>of</i> before the cause; as,
<i>weary</i> of marching, or of confinement; <i>weary</i> of
study.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Fatigued; tiresome; irksome; wearisome.</p>

<p><hw>Wea"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wearied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wearying</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce or exhaust the physical strength or
endurance of; to tire; to fatigue; as, to <i>weary</i> one's self with
labor or traveling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So shall he waste his means, <i>weary</i> his
soldiers.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make weary of anything; to exhaust the
patience of, as by continuance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I stay too long by thee; I <i>weary</i> thee.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To harass by anything irksome.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would not cease<BR>
To <i>weary</i> him with my assiduous cries.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To weary out</b></col>, <cd>to subdue or exhaust by
fatigue.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To jade; tire; fatigue; fag.  See <u>Jade</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Wea"ry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow tired; to become
exhausted or impatient; as, to <i>weary</i> of an undertaking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wea"sand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wesand</i>, AS.
<i>w&amacr;send</i>; akin to OFries. <i>w&amacr;sende</i>,
<i>w&amacr;sande</i>; cf. OHG. <i>weisunt</i>.] <def>The windpipe; --
called also, formerly, <i>wesil</i>.</def>  [Formerly, written also,
<i>wesand</i>, and <i>wezand</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Cut his <i>weasand</i> with thy knife.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wea"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wesele</i>, AS.
<i>wesle</i>; akin to D. <i>wezel</i>, G. <i>wiesel</i>, OHG.
<i>wisala</i>, Icel. hreyi<i>v&imacr;sla</i>, Dan. <i>v&auml;sel</i>, Sw.
<i>vessla</i>; of uncertain origin; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;, cat, weasel.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of various species of small carnivores
belonging to the genus <i>Putorius</i>, as the ermine and ferret. They have
a slender, elongated body, and are noted for the quickness of their
movements and for their bloodthirsty habit in destroying poultry, rats,
etc.  The ermine and some other species are brown in summer, and turn white
in winter; others are brown at all seasons.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Malacca weasel</b></col>, <cd>the rasse.</cd> -- <col><b>Weasel
coot</b></col>, <cd>a female or young male of the smew; -- so called from
the resemblance of the head to that of a weasel. Called also <i>weasel
duck</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Weasel lemur</b></col>, <cd>a short-tailed lemur
(<i>Lepilemur mustelinus</i>). It is reddish brown above, grayish brown
below, with the throat white.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wea"sel-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a thin,
sharp face, like a weasel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wea"ser</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
American merganser; -- called also <i>weaser sheldrake</i>.</def>  [Local,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wea"si*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or state of
being weasy; full feeding; sensual indulgence.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wea"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Weasand</u>.]
<def>Given to sensual indulgence; gluttonous.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Joye.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>weder</i>, AS.
<i>weder</i>; akin to OS. <i>wedar</i>, OFries. <i>weder</i>, D.
<i>weder</i>, <i>we&ecirc;r</i>, G. <i>wetter</i>, OHG. <i>wetar</i>, Icel.
<i>ve&eth;r</i>, Dan. <i>veir</i>, Sw. <i>v&auml;der</i> wind, air,
weather, and perhaps to OSlav. <i>vedro</i> fair weather; or perhaps to
Lith. <i>vetra</i> storm, Russ. <i>vieter'</i>, <i>vietr'</i>, wind, and E.
<i>wind</i>.  Cf. <u>Wither</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state of the air or atmosphere with respect
to heat or cold, wetness or dryness, calm or storm, clearness or
cloudiness, or any other meteorological phenomena; meteorological condition
of the atmosphere; as, warm <i>weather</i>; cold <i>weather</i>; wet
<i>weather</i>; dry <i>weather</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not amiss to cool a man's stomach this hot
<i>weather</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fair <i>weather</i> cometh out of the north.</blockquote>
<i>Job xxxvii. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Vicissitude of season; meteorological change;
alternation of the state of the air.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Storm; tempest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What gusts of <i>weather</i> from that gathering cloud<BR>
My thoughts presage!</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A light rain; a shower.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Stress of weather</b></col>, <cd>violent winds; force of
tempests.</cd> -- <col><b>To make fair weather</b></col>, <cd>to flatter;
to give flattering representations.</cd> [R.] -- <col><b>To make
good</b></col>, or <col><b>bad</b></col>, <col><b>weather</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to endure a gale well or ill; -- said of a vessel.</cd>
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Under the weather</b></col>, <cd>ill; also,
financially embarrassed.</cd> [Colloq. U. S.] <i>Bartlett.</i> --
<col><b>Weather box</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Weather house</i>,
below.</cd> <i>Thackeray.</i> -- <col><b>Weather breeder</b></col>, <cd>a
fine day which is supposed to presage foul weather.</cd> -- <col><b>Weather
bureau</b></col>, <cd>a popular name for the signal service.  See <i>Signal
service</i>, under <u>Signal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> [U. S.] --
<col><b>Weather cloth</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a long piece of canvas
of tarpaulin used to preserve the hammocks from injury by the weather when
stowed in the nettings.</cd> -- <col><b>Weather door</b></col>.
<i>(Mining)</i> <cd>See <u>Trapdoor</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Weather
gall</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Water gall</u>, 2.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i> -- <col><b>Weather house</b></col>, <cd>a mechanical
contrivance in the form of a house, which indicates changes in atmospheric
conditions by the appearance or retirement of toy images.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Peace to the artist whose ingenious thought<BR>
Devised the <i>weather house</i>, that useful toy!</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Weather molding</b></col>, or <col><b>Weather
moulding</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a canopy or cornice over a door or a
window, to throw off the rain.</cd> -- <col><b>Weather of a windmill
sail</b></col>, <cd>the obliquity of the sail, or the angle which it makes
with its plane of revolution.</cd> -- <col><b>Weather report</b></col>,
<cd>a daily report of meteorological observations, and of probable changes
in the weather; esp., one published by government authority.</cd> --
<col><b>Weather spy</b></col>, <cd>a stargazer; one who foretells the
weather.</cd> [R.] <i>Donne.</i> -- <col><b>Weather strip</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a strip of wood, rubber, or other material, applied to
an outer door or window so as to cover the joint made by it with the sill,
casings, or threshold, in order to exclude rain, snow, cold air,
etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Weathered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Weathering</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To expose to the air; to air; to season by
exposure to air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[An eagle] soaring through his wide empire of the air<BR>
To <i>weather</i> his broad sails.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This gear lacks <i>weathering</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to sustain the trying effect of; to bear
up against and overcome; to sustain; to endure; to resist; as, to
<i>weather</i> the storm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For I can <i>weather</i> the roughest gale.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You will <i>weather</i> the difficulties yet.</blockquote>
<i>F. W. Robertson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To sail or pass to the windward
of; as, to <i>weather</i> a cape; to <i>weather</i> another ship.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>To place (a hawk) unhooded in
the open air.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To weather a point</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<cd>To pass a point of land, leaving it on the lee side.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Hence, to gain or accomplish anything against
opposition.</cd> -- <col><b>To weather out</b></col>, <cd>to encounter
successfully, though with difficulty; as, <i>to weather out</i> a
storm.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To undergo or endure the
action of the atmosphere; to suffer meteorological influences; sometimes,
to wear away, or alter, under atmospheric influences; to suffer waste by
weather.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The organisms . . . seem indestructible, while the hard
matrix in which they are imbedded has <i>weathered</i> from around
them.</blockquote> <i>H. Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Being toward
the wind, or windward -- opposed to <i>lee</i>; as, <i>weather</i> bow,
<i>weather</i> braces, <i>weather</i> gauge, <i>weather</i> lifts,
<i>weather</i> quarter, <i>weather</i> shrouds, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Weather gauge</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<cd>The position of a ship to the windward of another.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Fig.: A position of advantage or superiority;
advantage in position.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>To veer, and tack, and steer a cause<BR>
Against the <i>weather gauge</i> of laws.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Weather helm</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a tendency on the
part of a sailing vessel to come up into the wind, rendering it necessary
to put the helm up, that is, toward the weather side.</cd> --
<col><b>Weather shore</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the shore to the
windward of a ship.</cd> <i>Totten.</i> -- <col><b>Weather tide</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the tide which sets against the lee side of a ship,
impelling her to the windward.</cd> <i>Mar. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er-beat`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beaten or
harassed by the weather; worn by exposure to the weather, especially to
severe weather.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er-bit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
turn of the cable about the end of the windlass, without the
bits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*bit`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
take another turn with, as a cable around a windlass.</def>
<i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er-bit`ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Eaten into,
defaced, or worn, by exposure to the weather.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That side of a vessel which is
toward the wind; the windward side.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A piece
of plank placed in a porthole, or other opening, to keep out
water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A board
extending from the ridge to the eaves along the slope of the gable, and
forming a close junction between the shingling of a roof and the side of
the building beneath.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A clapboard or
feather-edged board used in weatherboarding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er-board`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>To
nail boards upon so as to lap one over another, in order to exclude rain,
snow, etc.</def>  <i>Gwilt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*board`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The covering or siding of a building, formed of
boards lapping over one another, to exclude rain, snow, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Boards adapted or intended for such use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er-bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Kept in port or
at anchor by storms; delayed by bad weather; as, a <i>weather-bound</i>
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A vane, or weather vane; -- so called because originally often in the
figure of a cock, turning on the top of a spire with the wind, and showing
its direction.</def>  "As a <i>wedercok</i> that turneth his face with
every wind."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Noisy <i>weathercocks</i> rattled and sang of
mutation.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, any thing or person that turns easily and
frequently; one who veers with every change of current opinion; a fickle,
inconstant person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*cock`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To supply with a
weathercock; to serve as a weathercock for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose blazing wyvern <i>weathercock</i> the
spire.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er-driv`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Driven by winds
or storms; forced by stress of weather.</def>  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weath"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Made sloping, so as to throw off water; as, a
<i>weathered</i> cornice or window sill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Having the surface altered in
color, texture, or composition, or the edges rounded off by exposure to the
elements.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er-fend`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To defend from
the weather; to shelter.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[We] barked the white spruce to <i>weather-fend</i> the
roof.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*glass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument to
indicate the state of the atmosphere, especially changes of atmospheric
pressure, and hence changes of weather, as a barometer or
baroscope.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Poor man's weatherglass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Poor</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The
action of the elements on a rock in altering its color, texture, or
composition, or in rounding off its edges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The quality of being weatherly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Working,
or able to sail, close to the wind; as, a <i>weatherly</i> ship.</def>
<i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Being farthest to the windward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*proof`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Proof against
rough weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Skillful in
forecasting the changes of the weather.</def>  <i>Hakluyt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*wis`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Waywiser</u>.] <def>Something that foreshows the weather.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Derham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er*worn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worn by the
action of, or by exposure to, the weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weave</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Wove</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Woven</u> (?), <u>Wove</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Weaving</u>. The regular <pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Weaved</u> (&?;), is rarely used.] [OE. <i>weven</i>,
AS. <i>wefan</i>; akin to D. <i>weven</i>, G. <i>weben</i>, OHG.
<i>weban</i>, Icel. <i>vefa</i>, Sw. <i>v&auml;fva</i>, Dan.
<i>v&aelig;ve</i>, Gr. &?;, v., &?; web, Skr. <i>&?;r&?;av&amacr;bhi</i>
spider, lit., wool weaver.  Cf. <u>Waper</u>, <u>Waffle</u>, <u>Web</u>,
<u>Weevil</u>, <u>Weft</u>, <u>Woof</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To unite, as threads of any kind, in such a
manner as to form a texture; to entwine or interlace into a fabric; as, to
<i>weave</i> wool, silk, etc.; hence, to unite by close connection or
intermixture; to unite intimately.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>weaves</i> itself, perforce, into my
business.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That in their green shops <i>weave</i> the smooth-haired
silk<BR>
To deck her sons.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And for these words, thus <i>woven</i> into
song.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To form, as cloth, by interlacing threads; to
compose, as a texture of any kind, by putting together textile materials;
as, to <i>weave</i> broadcloth; to <i>weave</i> a carpet; hence, to form
into a fabric; to compose; to fabricate; as, to <i>weave</i> the plot of a
story.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When she <i>weaved</i> the sleided silk.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her starry wreaths the virgin jasmin
<i>weaves</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ld. Lytton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weave</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
practice weaving; to work with a loom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To become woven or interwoven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weave</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A particular method or pattern
of weaving; as, the cassimere <i>weave</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weav"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who weaves, or whose occupation is to weave.</def> "<i>Weavers</i> of
linen." <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A weaver bird.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An aquatic beetle of the
genus <i>Gyrinus</i>.  See <u>Whirling</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Weaver bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of Asiatic, Fast Indian, and African birds belonging to
<i>Ploceus</i> and allied genera of the family <i>Ploceid&aelig;</i>.
Weaver birds resemble finches and sparrows in size, colors, and shape of
the bill. They construct pensile nests composed of interlaced grass and
other similar materials.  In some of the species the nest is retort-shaped,
with the opening at the bottom of the tube.</cd> -- <col><b>Weavers'
shuttle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an East Indian marine univalve
shell (<i>Radius volva</i>); -- so called from its shape.  See
<i>Illust.</i> of <i>Shuttle shell</i>, under <u>Shuttle</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Weav"er*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Weever</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Weever</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weav"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of one who, or that which, weaves; the act or art of forming cloth in a
loom by the union or intertexture of threads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An incessant motion of a horse's
head, neck, and body, from side to side, fancied to resemble the motion of
a hand weaver in throwing the shuttle.</def>  <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wea"zand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Weasand</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wea"zen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Wizen</u>.]
<def>Thin; sharp; withered; wizened; as, a <i>weazen</i> face.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were <i>weazen</i> and shriveled.</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wea"zen*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat weazen;
shriveled.</def>  [Colloq.] "<i>Weazeny</i>, baked pears."
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Web</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>webbe</i>, AS.
<i>webba</i>.  See <u>Weave</u>.] <def>A weaver.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Web</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>web</i>, AS. <i>webb</i>;
akin to D. <i>web</i>, <i>webbe</i>, OHG. <i>weppi</i>, G. <i>gewebe</i>,
Icel. <i>vefr</i>, Sw. <i>v&auml;f</i>, Dan. <i>v&aelig;v</i>.  See
<u>Weave</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is woven; a texture; textile fabric;
esp., something woven in a loom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Penelope, for her Ulysses' sake,<BR>
Devised a <i>web</i> her wooers to deceive.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not <i>web</i> might be woven, not a shuttle thrown, or
penalty of exile.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A whole piece of linen cloth as woven.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The texture of very fine thread spun by a spider
for catching insects at its prey; a cobweb.</def>  "The smallest spider's
<i>web</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Tissue; texture; complicated
fabrication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The somber spirit of our forefathers, who wove their
<i>web</i> of life with hardly a . . . thread of rose-color or
gold.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such has been the perplexing ingenuity of commentators that
it is difficult to extricate the truth from the <i>web</i> of
conjectures.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Carriages)</i> <def>A band of webbing used to
regulate the extension of the hood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A thin metal sheet, plate, or strip, as of
lead.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Christians slain roll up in <i>webs</i> of
lead.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p>Specifically: -</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The blade of a sword.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The sword, whereof the <i>web</i> was steel,<BR>
Pommel rich stone, hilt gold.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The blade of a saw.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The thin, sharp part of a colter.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The bit of a key.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mach. &amp; Engin.)</i> <def>A plate or thin portion,
continuous or perforated, connecting stiffening ribs or flanges, or other
parts of an object.</def>  Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The thin vertical plate or portion connecting
the upper and lower flanges of an lower flanges of an iron girder, rolled
beam, or railroad rail.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A disk or solid construction serving, instead
of spokes, for connecting the rim and hub, in some kinds of car wheels,
sheaves, etc.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The arm of a crank between the shaft and the
wrist.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The part of a blackmith's anvil between the
face and the foot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pterygium; -- called also
<i>webeye</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The membrane which unites the
fingers or toes, either at their bases, as in man, or for a greater part of
their length, as in many water birds and amphibians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The series of barbs
implanted on each side of the shaft of a feather, whether stiff and united
together by barbules, as in ordinary feathers, or soft and separate, as in
downy feathers.  See <u>Feather</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1638 !></p>

<p><col><b>Pin and web</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>two diseases of the
eye, caligo and pterygium; -- sometimes wrongly explained as one disease.
See <u>Pin</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8, and <u>Web</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</cd> "He never yet had <i>pinne</i> or
<i>webbe</i>, his sight for to decay." <i>Gascoigne.</i> -- <col><b>Web
member</b></col> <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>one of the braces in a web
system.</cd> -- <col><b>Web press</b></col>, <cd>a printing press which
takes paper from a roll instead of being fed with sheets.</cd> --
<col><b>Web system</b></col> <i>(Engin.)</i>, <cd>the system of braces
connecting the flanges of a lattice girder, post, or the like.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Web</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Webbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Webbing</u>.] <def>To unite or surround with a web, or as if with a web;
to envelop; to entangle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Webbed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Provided with a web.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the toes united by a
membrane, or web; as, the <i>webbed</i> feet of aquatic fowls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Web"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who forms webs; a
weaver; a webster.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Web"bing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woven band of cotton
or flax, used for reins, girths, bed bottoms, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Web"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a web
or webs; like a web; filled or covered with webs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bats on their <i>webby</i> wings in darkness
move.</blockquote> <i>Crabbe.</i></p>

<p><hw>We"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the name of Professor
<i>Weber</i>, a German electrician.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The standard unit
of electrical quantity, and also of current.  See <u>Coulomb</u>, and
<u>Amp&?;re</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Web"eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See
<u>Web</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Web"-fin`gered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
fingers united by a web for a considerable part of their length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Web"foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Webfeet</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A foot the toes of which are connected by a
membrane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any web-footed
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Web"-foot`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having webbed feet;
palmiped; as, a goose or a duck is a <i>web-footed</i> fowl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Web"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>webbestre</i>.  See
<u>Web</u>, <u>Weave</u>, and <u>-ster</u>.] <def>A weaver; originally, a
female weaver.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Brathwait.</i></p>

<p><hw>Web"ster*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after
<i>Webster</i>, the geologist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A hydrous sulphate of
alumina occurring in white reniform masses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Web"-toed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the toes
united by a web for a considerable part of their length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Web"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of various species of moths whose gregarious larv&aelig; eat
the leaves of trees, and construct a large web to which they retreat when
not feeding.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The most destructive webworms belong to the family
<i>Bombycid&aelig;</i>, as the fall webworm (<i>Hyphantria textor</i>),
which feeds on various fruit and forest trees, and the common tent
caterpillar, which feeds on various fruit trees (see <i>Tent
caterpillar</i>, under <u>Tent</u>.)  The grapevine webworm is the larva of
a geometrid moth (see <i>Vine inchworm</i>, under <u>Vine</u>).</p>

<p><hw>Wed</hw> (w&ebreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wedd</i>; akin
to OFries. <i>wed</i>, OD. <i>wedde</i>, OHG, <i>wetti</i>, G. <i>wette</i>
a wager, Icel. <i>ve&eth;</i> a pledge, Sw. <i>vad</i> a wager, an appeal,
Goth. <i>wadi</i> a pledge, Lith. <i>vad&uring;ti</i> to redeem (a pledge),
LL. <i>vadium</i>, L. <i>vas</i>, <i>vadis</i>, bail, security,
<i>vadimonium</i> security, and Gr. &?;, &?; a prize.   Cf. <u>Athlete</u>,
<u>Gage</u> a pledge, <u>Wage</u>.] <def>A pledge; a pawn.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Gower. Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let him be ware, his neck lieth to <i>wed</i> [<i>i. e.</i>,
for a security].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wed</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Wedded</u>; <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Wedded</u> or <u>Wed</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wedding</u>.] [OE. <i>wedden</i>, AS.
<i>weddian</i> to covenant, promise, to wed, marry; akin to OFries.
<i>weddia</i> to promise, D. <i>wedden</i> to wager, to bet, G.
<i>wetten</i>, Icel. <i>ve&eth;ja</i>, Dan. <i>vedde</i>, Sw.
<i>v&auml;dja</i> to appeal, Goth. ga<i>wadj&omacr;n</i> to betroth.  See
<u>Wed</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take for husband or for wife by a formal
ceremony; to marry; to espouse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With this ring I thee <i>wed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of
Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I saw thee first, and <i>wedded</i> thee.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To join in marriage; to give in
wedlock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Adam, <i>wedded</i> to another Eve,<BR>
Shall live with her.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To unite as if by the affections or the
bond of marriage; to attach firmly or indissolubly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art <i>wedded</i> to calamity.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men are <i>wedded</i> to their lusts.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Flowers] are <i>wedded</i> thus, like beauty to old
age.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To take to one's self and support; to
espouse.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They positively and concernedly <i>wedded</i> his
cause.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wed</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To contact matrimony; to
marry.</def>  "When I shall <i>wed</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wed"dahs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>See <u>Veddahs</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wed"ded</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Joined in wedlock; married.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let w&?;alth, let honor, wait the <i>wedded</i>
dame.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to wedlock, or marriage.</def>
"<i>Wedded</i> love."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wed"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Wether</u>.</def>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wed"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wedding</i>.]
<def>Nuptial ceremony; nuptial festivities; marriage; nuptials.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Simple and brief was the <i>wedding</i>, as that of Ruth and
of Boaz.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Certain anniversaries of an unbroken marriage have received
fanciful, and more or less appropriate, names. Thus, the fifth anniversary
is called the <i>wooden wedding</i>; the tenth, the <i>tin wedding</i>; the
fifteenth, the <i>crystal wedding</i>; the twentieth, the <i>china
wedding</i>; the twenty-fifth, the <i>silver wedding</i>; the fiftieth, the
<i>golden wedding</i>; the sixtieth, the <i>diamond wedding</i>. These
anniversaries are often celebrated by appropriate presents of wood, tin,
china, silver, gold, etc., given by friends.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Wedding</i> is often used adjectively; as, <i>wedding</i>
cake, <i>wedding</i> cards, <i>wedding</i> clothes, <i>wedding</i> day,
<i>wedding</i> feast, <i>wedding</i> guest, <i>wedding</i> ring, etc.</p>

<p><blockquote>Let her beauty be her <i>wedding</i> dower.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wedding favor</b></col>, <cd>a marriage favor.  See under
<u>Marriage</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wed"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Weather.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wedge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wegge</i>, AS.
<i>wecg</i>; akin to D. <i>wig</i>, <i>wigge</i>, OHG. <i>wecki</i>, G.
<i>weck</i> a (wedge-shaped) loaf, Icel. <i>veggr</i>, Dan.
<i>v&aelig;gge</i>, Sw. <i>vigg</i>, and probably to Lith. <i>vagis</i> a
peg.  Cf. <u>Wigg</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of metal, or other hard material, thick
at one end, and tapering to a thin edge at the other, used in splitting
wood, rocks, etc., in raising heavy bodies, and the like. It is one of the
six elementary machines called the <i>mechanical powers</i>.  See
<i>Illust.</i> of <i>Mechanical powers</i>, under
<u>Mechanical</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A solid of five sides, having a
rectangular base, two rectangular or trapezoidal sides meeting in an edge,
and two triangular ends.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A mass of metal, especially when of a wedgelike
form.</def>  "<i>Wedges</i> of gold."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Anything in the form of a wedge, as a body of
troops drawn up in such a form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In warlike muster they appear,<BR>
In rhombs, and <i>wedges</i>, and half-moons, and wings.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The person whose name stands lowest on the list
of the classical tripos; -- so called after a person (<i>Wedge</i>wood) who
occupied this position on the first list of 1828.</def>  [Cant, Cambridge
Univ., Eng.]  <i>C. A. Bristed.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Fox wedge</b></col>. <i>(Mach. &amp; Carpentry)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Fox</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Spherical wedge</b></col> <i>(Geom.)</i>,
<cd>the portion of a sphere included between two planes which intersect in
a diameter.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wedge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wedged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wedging</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cleave or separate with a wedge or wedges, or
as with a wedge; to rive.</def>  "My heart, as <i>wedged</i> with a sigh,
would rive in twain."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To force or drive as a wedge is
driven.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Among the crowd in the abbey where a finger<BR>
Could not be <i>wedged</i> in more.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He 's just the sort of man to <i>wedge</i> himself into a
snug berth.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. J. H. Ewing.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To force by crowding and pushing as a wedge
does; as, to <i>wedge</i> one's way.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To press closely; to fix, or make fast, in the
manner of a wedge that is driven into something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wedged</i> in the rocky shoals, and sticking
fast.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To fasten with a wedge, or with wedges; as, to
<i>wedge</i> a scythe on the snath; to <i>wedge</i> a rail or a piece of
timber in its place.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Pottery)</i> <def>To cut, as clay, into wedgelike
masses, and work by dashing together, in order to expel air bubbles,
etc.</def>  <i>Tomlinson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wedge"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An Australian crested insessorial bird (<i>Sphenostoma cristatum</i>)
having a wedge-shaped bill. Its color is dull brown, like the earth of the
plains where it lives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wedge"-formed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form
of a wedge; cuneiform.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wedge-formed characters</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Arrow-headed
characters</i>, under <u>Arrowheaded</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wedge"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having the shape of a wedge; cuneiform.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Broad and truncate at the summit,
and tapering down to the base; as, a <i>wedge-shaped</i> leaf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wedge"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of small marine bivalves belonging to
<i>Donax</i> and allied genera in which the shell is wedge-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wedge"-tailed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having a tail which has the middle pair of feathers longest, the rest
successively and decidedly shorter, and all more or less attenuate; -- said
of certain birds.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Wood hoopoe</i>, under
<u>Wood</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wedge-tailed eagle</b></col>, <cd>an Australian eagle (<i>Aquila
audax</i>) which feeds on various small species of kangaroos, and on lambs;
-- called also <i>mountain eagle</i>, <i>bold eagle</i>, and <i>eagle
hawk</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wedge-tailed gull</b></col>, <cd>an arctic gull
(<i>Rhodostethia rosea</i>) in which the plumage is tinged with rose; --
called also <i>Ross's gull</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wedge"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of a
wedge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wedg"wood` ware`</hw> (?). [From the name of the inventor, Josiah
<i>Wedgwood</i>, of England.] <def>A kind of fine pottery, the most
remarkable being what is called <i>jasper</i>, either white, or colored
throughout the body, and capable of being molded into the most delicate
forms, so that fine and minute bas-reliefs like cameos were made of it, fit
even for being set as jewels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wedg"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a wedge; wedge-
shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wed"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wedl&amacr;c</i> a
pledge, be trothal; <i>wedd</i> a pledge + <i>l&amacr;c</i> a gift, an
offering.  See <u>Wed</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Lake</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, <u>Knowledge</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The ceremony, or the state, of marriage;
matrimony.</def>  "That blissful yoke . . . that men clepeth [call]
spousal, or <i>wedlock</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For what is <i>wedlock</i> forced but a hell,<BR>
An age of discord or continual strife?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wife; a married woman.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Marriage</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Wed"lock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To marry; to unite in
marriage; to wed.</def>  [R.] "Man thus <i>wedlocked</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wednes"day</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wednesdai</i>,
<i>wodnesdei</i>, AS. <i>W&omacr;dnes d&aelig;g</i>, i. e., Woden's day (a
translation of L. <i>dies Mercurii</i>); fr. <i>W&omacr;den</i> the highest
god of the Teutonic peoples, but identified with the Roman god Mercury;
akin to OS. <i>W&omacr;dan</i>, OHG. <i>Wuotan</i>, Icel. <i>O&eth;inn</i>,
D. <i>woensdag</i> Wednesday, Icel. <i>&omacr;&eth;insdagr</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>onsdag</i>.  See <u>Day</u>, and cf. <u>Woden</u>, <u>Wood</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The fourth day of the week; the next day after
Tuesday.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Ash Wednesday</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>we</i> a bit, in <i>a
little we</i>, probably originally meaning, a little way, the word
<i>we</i> for <i>wei</i> being later taken as synonymous with
<i>little</i>.  See <u>Way</u>.] <def>A little; a bit, as of space, time,
or distance.</def>  [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Wee</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very small; little.</def>
[Colloq. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A little <i>wee</i> face, with a little yellow
beard.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weech"-elm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
wych-elm.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wede</i>, AS.
<i>w&?;de</i>, <i>w&?;d</i>; akin to OS. <i>w&amacr;di</i>,
<i>giw&amacr;di</i>, OFries, <i>w&?;de</i>, <i>w&?;d</i>, OD. <i>wade</i>,
OHG. <i>w&amacr;t</i>, Icel. <i>v&amacr;&?;</i>, Zend <i>vadh</i> to
clothe.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A garment; clothing; especially, an upper or
outer garment.</def>  "Low&?;ly shepherd's <i>weeds</i>." <i>Spenser.</i>
"Woman's <i>weeds</i>." <i>Shak.</i> "This beggar woman's <i>weed</i>."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He on his bed sat, the soft <i>weeds</i> he wore<BR>
Put off.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An article of dress worn in token of grief; a
mourning garment or badge; as, he wore a <i>weed</i> on his hat;
especially, in the plural, mourning garb, as of a woman; as, a widow's
<i>weeds</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a mourning <i>weed</i>, with ashes upon her head, and
tears abundantly flowing.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sudden illness or relapse,
often attended with fever, which attacks women in childbed.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Weed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>weed</i>, <i>weod</i>, AS.
<i>we&oacute;d</i>, <i>wi&oacute;d</i>, akin to OS. <i>wiod</i>, LG.
<i>woden</i> the stalks and leaves of vegetables D. <i>wieden</i> to weed,
OS. <i>wiod&omacr;n</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Underbrush; low shrubs.</def>  [Obs. or
Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>One rushing forth out of the thickest
<i>weed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A wild and wanton pard . . . <BR>
Crouched fawning in the <i>weed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any plant growing in cultivated ground to the
injury of the crop or desired vegetation, or to the disfigurement of the
place; an unsightly, useless, or injurious plant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too much manuring filled that field with
<i>weeds</i>.</blockquote> <i>Denham.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The word has no definite application to any particular plant, or
species of plants. Whatever plants grow among corn or grass, in hedges, or
elsewhere, and are useless to man, injurious to crops, or unsightly or out
of place, are denominated <i>weeds</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Something unprofitable or troublesome;
anything useless.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Breeding)</i> <def>An animal unfit to breed
from.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Tobacco, or a cigar.</def>  [Slang]</p>

<p><col><b>Weed hook</b></col>, <cd>a hook used for cutting away or
extirpating weeds.</cd>  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weed</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Weeded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Weeding</u>.] [AS.
<i>we&oacute;dian</i>.  See 3d <u>Weed</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To free from noxious plants; to clear of weeds;
as, to <i>weed</i> corn or onions; to <i>weed</i> a garden.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take away, as noxious plants; to remove, as
something hurtful; to extirpate.</def>  "<i>Weed</i> up thyme."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wise fathers . . . <i>weeding</i> from their children ill
things.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Revenge is a kind of wild justice, which the more man's
nature runs to, the more ought law to <i>weed</i> it out.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To free from anything hurtful or
offensive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>weeded</i> the kingdom of such as were devoted to
Elaiana.</blockquote> <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Stock Breeding)</i> <def>To reject as unfit for
breeding purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weed"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
weeds, or frees from anything noxious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weed"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Weeds, collectively;
also, a place full of weeds or for growing weeds.</def>  [R.]  <i>Dr. H.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weed"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Weed</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Weeding chisel</b></col>, <cd>a tool with a divided chisel-like
end, for cutting the roots of large weeds under ground.</cd> --
<col><b>Weeding forceps</b></col>, <cd>an instrument for taking up some
sorts of plants in weeding.</cd> -- <col><b>Weeding fork</b></col>, <cd>a
strong, three-pronged fork, used in clearing ground of weeds; -- called
also <i>weeding iron</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Weeding hook</b></col>. <cd>Same
as <i>Weed hook</i>, under 3d <u>Weed</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Weeding
iron</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Weeding fork</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Weeding
tongs</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Weeding forceps</i>, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Weed"ing-rhim`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E.
<i>rim</i> to remove.] <def>A kind of implement used for tearing up weeds
esp. on summer fallows.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Weed"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from weeds or noxious
matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weed"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Weedier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Weediest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to weeds; consisting of
weeds.</def>  "<i>Weedy</i> trophies."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Abounding with weeds; as, <i>weedy</i> grounds;
a <i>weedy</i> garden; <i>weedy</i> corn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See from the <i>weedy</i> earth a rivulet
break.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Scraggy; ill-shaped; ungainly; -- said of colts
or horses, and also of persons.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Weed"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dressed in weeds, or mourning
garments.</def>  [R. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She was as <i>weedy</i> as in the early days of her
mourning.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1639 !></p>

<p><hw>Week</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>weke</i>, <i>wike</i>,
<i>woke</i>, <i>wuke</i> AS. <i>weocu</i>, <i>wicu</i>, <i>wucu</i>; akin
to OS. <i>wika</i>, OFries. <i>wike</i>, D. <i>week</i>, G. <i>woche</i>,
OHG. <i>wohha</i>, <i>wehha</i>, Icel. <i>vika</i>, Sw. <i>vecka</i>, Dan.
<i>uge</i>, Goth. <i>wik&?;</i>, probably originally meaning, a succession
or change, and akin to G. <i>wechsel</i> change, L. <i>vicis</i> turn,
alternation, and E. <i>weak</i>.  Cf. <u>Weak</u>.] <def>A period of seven
days, usually that reckoned from one Sabbath or Sunday to the
next.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I fast twice in the <i>week</i>.</blockquote> <i>Luke xviii.
12.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Although it [the week] did not enter into the calendar of the
Greeks, and was not introduced at Rome till after the reign of Theodesius,
it has been employed from time immemorial in almost all Eastern countries.
<i>Encyc. Brit.</i>
</p>

<p><col><b>Feast of Weeks</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Pentecost</u>, 1.</cd> --
<col><b>Prophetic week</b></col>, <cd>a week of years, or seven years.</cd>
<i>Dan. ix. 24.</i> -- <col><b>Week day</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Day</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Week"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or
pertaining to a week, or week days; as, <i>weekly</i> labor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coming, happening, or done once a week;
hebdomadary; as, a <i>weekly</i> payment; a <i>weekly</i>
gazette.</def></p>

<p><hw>Week"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Weeklies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A publication issued once in seven
days, or appearing once a week.</def></p>

<p><hw>Week"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Once a week; by hebdomadal
periods; as, each performs service <i>weekly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Week"wam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Wigwam</u>.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Weel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Well.</def>  [Obs.
or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Weel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>w&aemacr;l</i>. &radic;147.]
<def>A whirlpool.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Weel</hw> (?), <hw>Weel"y</hw> (?), }[Prov. E. <i>weel</i>,
<i>weal</i>, a wicker basket to catch eels; prob. akin to <i>willow</i>,
and so called as made of willow twigs.] <def>A kind of trap or snare for
fish, made of twigs.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ween</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wenen</i>, AS.
<i>w&?;nan</i>, fr. <i>w&?;n</i> hope, expectation, opinion; akin to D.
<i>waan</i>, OFries. <i>w&?;n</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>w&amacr;n</i>, G.
<i>wahn</i> delusion, Icel. <i>v&amacr;n</i> hope, expectation, Goth.
<i>w&?;ns</i>, and D. <i>wanen</i> to fancy, G. <i>w&auml;hnen</i>, Icel.
<i>v&amacr;na</i> to hope, Goth. <i>w&?;njan</i>, and perhaps to E.
<i>winsome</i>, <i>wish</i>.] <def>To think; to imagine; to fancy.</def>
[Obs. or Poetic]  <i>Spenser. Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have lost more than thou <i>wenest</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For well I <i>ween</i>,<BR>
Never before in the bowers of light<BR>
Had the form of an earthly fay been seen.</blockquote> <i>J. R.
Drake.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though never a dream the roses sent<BR>
Of science or love's compliment,<BR>
I <i>ween</i> they smelt as sweet.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weep</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
lapwing; the wipe; -- so called from its cry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weep</hw>, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Weep</u>, for
<i>wept</i>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weep</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wept</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Weeping</u>.] [OE.
<i>wepen</i>, AS. <i>w&?;pan</i>, from <i>w&?;p</i> lamentation; akin to
OFries. <i>w&?;pa</i> to lament, OS. <i>w&?;p</i> lamentation, OHG.
<i>wuof</i>, Icel. <i>&?;p</i> a shouting, crying, OS. <i>w&?;pian</i> to
lament, OHG. <i>wuoffan</i>, <i>wuoffen</i>, Icel. <i>&?;pa</i>, Goth.
<i>w&?;pjan</i>. &?;&?;&?;&?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, to express sorrow, grief, or anguish,
by outcry, or by other manifest signs; in modern use, to show grief or
other passions by shedding tears; to shed tears; to cry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And they all <i>wept</i> sore, and fell on Paul's
neck.</blockquote> <i>Acts xx. 37.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Phocion was rarely seen to <i>weep</i> or to
laugh.</blockquote> <i>Mitford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And eyes that wake to <i>weep</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mrs.
Hemans.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And they <i>wept</i> together in silence.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lament; to complain.</def>  "They <i>weep</i>
unto me, saying, Give us flesh, that we may eat."  <i>Num. xi. 13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To flow in drops; to run in drops.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The blood <i>weeps</i> from my heart.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To drop water, or the like; to drip; to be
soaked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To hang the branches, as if in sorrow; to be
pendent; to droop; -- said of a plant or its branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weep</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
lament; to bewail; to bemoan.</def>  "I <i>weep</i> bitterly the dead."
<i>A. S. Hardy.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We wandering go<BR>
Through dreary wastes, and <i>weep</i> each other's woe.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shed, or pour forth, as tears; to shed drop
by drop, as if tears; as, to <i>weep</i> tears of joy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tears, such as angels <i>weep</i>, burst forth.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Groves whose rich trees <i>wept</i> odorous gums and
balm.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weep"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who weeps; esp., one who sheds tears.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A white band or border worn on the sleeve as a
badge of mourning.</def>  <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The capuchin.  See
<u>Capuchin</u>, 3 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weep"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of weeping or
lamentation; grieving.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weep"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who weeps;
lamentation with tears; shedding of tears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weep"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Grieving; lamenting; shedding tears.</def>  "<i>Weeping</i> eyes."
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Discharging water, or other liquid, in drops or
very slowly; surcharged with water.</def>  "<i>Weeping</i> grounds."
<i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having slender, pendent branches; -- said of
trees; as, <i>weeping</i> willow; a <i>weeping</i> ash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to lamentation, or those who
weep.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Weeping cross</b></col>, <cd>a cross erected on or by the
highway, especially for the devotions of penitents; hence, <i>to return by
the weeping cross</i>, to return from some undertaking in humiliation or
penitence.</cd> -- <col><b>Weeping rock</b></col>, <cd>a porous rock from
which water gradually issues.</cd> -- <col><b>Weeping sinew</b></col>,
<cd>a ganglion.  See <u>Ganglion</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>Weeping spring</b></col>, <cd>a spring that discharges
water slowly.</cd> -- <col><b>Weeping willow</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
species of willow (<i>Salix Babylonica</i>) whose branches grow very long
and slender, and hang down almost perpendicularly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Weep"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a weeping
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weep"ing-ripe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ripe for weeping;
ready to weep.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weer"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Wearish</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wee"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Weasel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weet</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>Wet.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weet</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Wot</u> (?).] [See <u>Wit</u> to know.] <def>To know; to wit.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Tyndale. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weet"-bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The wryneck; -- so called from its cry.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Weet"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Knowingly.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weet"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unknowing; also, unknown;
unmeaning.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weet"-weet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
piping cry when disturbed.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The common European sandpiper.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
chaffinch.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wee"ver</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from F.
<i>vive</i>, OF. <i>vivre</i>, a kind of fish, L. <i>vipera</i> viper.  Cf.
<u>Viper</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of
edible marine fishes belonging to the genus <i>Trachinus</i>, of the family
<i>Trachinid&aelig;</i>. They have a broad spinose head, with the eyes
looking upward. The long dorsal fin is supported by numerous strong, sharp
spines which cause painful wounds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The two British species are the great, or greater, weever
(<i>Trachinus draco</i>), which becomes a foot long (called also
<i>gowdie</i>, <i>sea cat</i>, <i>stingbull</i>, and <i>weaverfish</i>),
and the lesser weever (<i>T. vipera</i>), about half as large (called also
<i>otter pike</i>, and <i>stingfish</i>).</p>

<p><hw>Wee"vil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wivel</i>,
<i>wevil</i>, AS. <i>wifel</i>, <i>wibil</i>; akin to OD. <i>wevel</i>,
OHG. <i>wibil</i>, <i>wibel</i>, G. <i>wiebel</i>, <i>wibel</i>, and
probably to Lith. <i>vabalas</i> beetle, and E. <i>weave</i>.  See
<u>Weave</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species of
snout beetles, or Rhynchophora, in which the head is elongated and usually
curved downward. Many of the species are very injurious to cultivated
plants. The larv&aelig; of some of the species live in nuts, fruit, and
grain by eating out the interior, as the plum weevil, or curculio, the nut
weevils, and the grain weevil (see under <u>Plum</u>, <u>Nut</u>, and
<u>Grain</u>). The larv&aelig; of other species bore under the bark and
into the pith of trees and various other plants, as the pine weevils (see
under <u>Pine</u>).  See also <i>Pea weevil</i>, <i>Rice weevil</i>,
<i>Seed weevil</i>, under <u>Pea</u>, <u>Rice</u>, and
<u>Seed</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wee"viled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Infested by weevils;
as, <i>weeviled</i> grain.</def>  [Written also <i>weevilled</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Wee"vil*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having weevils;
weeviled.</def>  [Written also <i>weevilly</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Wee"zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Weasel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weft</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Wave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weft</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Waif</u>.] <def>A thing
waved, waived, or cast away; a waif.</def>  [Obs.] "A forlorn <i>weft</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weft</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>weft</i>, <i>wefta</i>, fr.
<i>wefan</i>, to weave.  See <u>Weave</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The woof of cloth; the threads that cross the
warp from selvage to selvage; the thread carried by the shuttle in
weaving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A web; a thing woven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weft"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Texture.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>We"go*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>we</i>, in
imitation of <i>egotism</i>.] <def>Excessive use of the pronoun <i>we</i>;
-- called also <i>weism</i>.</def>  [Colloq. or Cant]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Wehr"geld`</hw> (?), <hw>Wehr"gelt`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>See
<u>Weregild</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wehr"wolf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Werewolf</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wei"gel*a</hw> (?), <hw>Wei*ge"li*a</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named after C. E. <i>Weigel</i>, a German
naturalist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A hardy garden shrub (<i>Diervilla
Japonica</i>) belonging to the Honeysuckle family, with white or red
flowers. It was introduced from China.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weigh</hw> (w&amacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
corruption of <u>Way</u>, used only in the phrase <i>under
weigh</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An expedition was got under <i>weigh</i> from New
York.</blockquote> <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Athenians . . . hurried on board and with considerable
difficulty got under <i>weigh</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jowett
(Thucyd.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Weigh</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Weighed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Weighing</u>.]
[OE. <i>weien</i>, <i>weyen</i>, <i>weghen</i>, AS. <i>wegan</i> to bear,
move; akin to D. <i>wegen</i> to weigh, G. <i>w&auml;gen</i>,
<i>wiegen</i>, to weigh, be<i>wegen</i> to move, OHG. <i>wegan</i>, Icel.
<i>vega</i> to move, carry, lift, weigh, Sw. <i>v&auml;ga</i> to weigh,
Dan. <i>veie</i>, Goth. ga<i>wigan</i> to shake, L. <i>vehere</i> to carry,
Skr. <i>vah</i>. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Way</u>, and cf. <u>Wey</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bear up; to raise; to lift into the air; to
swing up; as, to <i>weigh</i> anchor.</def>  "<i>Weigh</i> the vessel up."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To examine by the balance; to ascertain the
weight of, that is, the force with which a thing tends to the center of the
earth; to determine the heaviness, or quantity of matter of; as, to
<i>weigh</i> sugar; to <i>weigh</i> gold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou art <i>weighed</i> in the balances, and art found
wanting.</blockquote> <i>Dan. v. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To be equivalent to in weight; to
counterbalance; to have the heaviness of.</def>  "A body <i>weighing</i>
divers ounces."  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To pay, allot, take, or give by
weight.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>weighed</i> for my price thirty pieces of
silver.</blockquote> <i>Zech. xi. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To examine or test as if by the balance; to
ponder in the mind; to consider or examine for the purpose of forming an
opinion or coming to a conclusion; to estimate deliberately and maturely;
to balance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A young man not <i>weighed</i> in state
affairs.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Had no better <i>weighed</i><BR>
The strength he was to cope with, or his own.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Regard not who it is which speaketh, but <i>weigh</i> only
what is spoken.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In nice balance, truth with gold she
<i>weighs</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Without sufficiently <i>weighing</i> his
expressions.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To consider as worthy of notice; to
regard.</def>  [Obs. or Archaic] "I <i>weigh</i> not you."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All that she so dear did <i>weigh</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To weigh down</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To
overbalance.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To oppress with weight; to
overburden; to depress.</cd> "To <i>weigh</i> thy spirits <i>down</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weigh</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
have weight; to be heavy.</def>  "They only <i>weigh</i> the heavier."
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be considered as important; to have weight in
the intellectual balance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your vows to her and me . . . will even
<i>weigh</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This objection ought to <i>weigh</i> with those whose
reading is designed for much talk and little knowledge.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To bear heavily; to press hard.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Cleanse the stuffed bosom of that perilous stuff<BR>
Which <i>weighs</i> upon the heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To judge; to estimate.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Could not <i>weigh</i> of worthiness aright.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To weigh down</b></col>, <cd>to sink by its own weight.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Weigh</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wey</u>.] <def>A certain
quantity estimated by weight; an English measure of weight.  See
<u>Wey</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weigh"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
weighed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weigh"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A duty or toil
paid for weighing merchandise.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weigh"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of large
steelyard for weighing merchandise; -- also called <i>weighmaster's
beam</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weigh"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Clay intersecting a vein.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weigh"bridge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A weighing machine
on which loaded carts may be weighed; platform scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weigh"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who weighs;
specifically, an officer whose duty it is to weigh commodities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weigh"-house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Weigh-houses</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A building at or within which
goods, and the like, are weighed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weigh"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Weigh</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Weighing cage</b></col>, <cd>a cage in which small living
animals may be conveniently weighed.</cd> -- <col><b>Weighing
house</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Weigh-house</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Weighing
machine</b></col>, <cd>any large machine or apparatus for weighing;
especially, platform scales arranged for weighing heavy bodies, as loaded
wagons.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Weigh"lock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lock, as on a
canal, in which boats are weighed and their tonnage is settled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weigh"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose business
it is to weigh ore, hay, merchandise, etc.; one licensed as a public
weigher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>weght</i>,
<i>wight</i>, AS. <i>gewiht</i>; akin to D. <i>gewigt</i>, G.
<i>gewicht</i>, Icel. <i>v&aelig;tt</i>, Sw. <i>vigt</i>, Dan.
<i>v&aelig;gt</i>.  See <u>Weigh</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being heavy; that property of
bodies by which they tend toward the center of the earth; the effect of
gravitative force, especially when expressed in certain units or standards,
as pounds, grams, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Weight</i> differs from <i>gravity</i> in being the effect of
gravity, or the downward pressure of a body under the influence of gravity;
hence, it constitutes a measure of the force of gravity, and being the
resultant of all the forces exerted by gravity upon the different particles
of the body, it is proportional to the quantity of matter in the body.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quantity of heaviness; comparative tendency
to the center of the earth; the quantity of matter as estimated by the
balance, or expressed numerically with reference to some standard unit; as,
a mass of stone having the <i>weight</i> of five hundred pounds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For sorrow, like a heavy-hanging bell,<BR>
Once set on ringing, with his own <i>weight</i> goes.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, pressure; burden; as, the <i>weight</i>
of care or business.</def>  "The <i>weight</i> of this said time."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For the public all this <i>weight</i> he bears.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] who singly bore the world's sad
<i>weight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Importance; power; influence; efficacy;
consequence; moment; impressiveness; as, a consideration of vast
<i>weight</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In such a point of <i>weight</i>, so near mine
honor.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A scale, or graduated standard, of heaviness; a
mode of estimating weight; as, avoirdupois <i>weight</i>; troy
<i>weight</i>; apothecaries' <i>weight</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A ponderous mass; something heavy; as, a clock
<i>weight</i>; a paper <i>weight</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man leapeth better with <i>weights</i> in his
hands.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A definite mass of iron, lead, brass, or other
metal, to be used for ascertaining the weight of other bodies; as, an ounce
<i>weight</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The resistance against which a
machine acts, as opposed to the power which moves it.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><col><b>Atomic weight</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Atomic</u>, and cf. <u>Element</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Dead
weight</b></col>, <col><b>Feather weight</b></col>, <col><b>Heavy
weight</b></col>, <col><b>Light weight</b></col>, <cd>etc.  See under
<u>Dead</u>, <u>Feather</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Weight of
observation</b></col> <i>(Astron. &amp; Physics)</i>, <cd>a number expressing
the most probable relative value of each observation in determining the
result of a series of observations of the same kind.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ponderousness; gravity; heaviness; pressure; burden;
load; importance; power; influence; efficacy; consequence; moment;
impressiveness.</p>

<p><hw>Weight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Weighted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Weighting</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To load with a weight or weights; to load down;
to make heavy; to attach weights to; as, to <i>weight</i> a horse or a
jockey at a race; to <i>weight</i> a whip handle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The arrows of satire, . . . <i>weighted</i> with
sense.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Astron. &amp; Physics)</i> <def>To assign a weight
to; to express by a number the probable accuracy of, as an observation.
See <i>Weight of observations</i>, under <u>Weight</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1640 !></p>

<p><hw>Weight"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a weighty
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weight"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being weighty; weight; force; importance;
impressiveness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weight"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no weight;
imponderable; hence, light.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weight"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Weightier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Weightiest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having weight; heavy; ponderous; as, a
<i>weighty</i> body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Adapted to turn the balance in the mind, or to
convince; important; forcible; serious; momentous.</def>  "For sundry
<i>weighty</i> reasons."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me have your advice in a <i>weighty</i>
affair.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Rigorous; severe; afflictive.</def>  [R.]
"Attend our <i>weightier</i> judgment."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Heavy; ponderous; burdensome; onerous; forcible;
momentous; efficacious; impressive; cogent.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Weir</hw> (w&emacr;r), <hw>Wear</hw>,} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>wer</i>, AS. <i>wer</i>; akin to G. <i>wehr</i>, AS. <i>werian</i> to
defend, protect, hinder, G. <i>wehren</i>, Goth. <i>warjan</i>; and perhaps
to E. <i>wary</i>; or cf. Skr. <i>v&rsdot;</i> to check, hinder.
&radic;142.   Cf. <u>Garret</u>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dam in a river
to stop and raise the water, for the purpose of conducting it to a mill,
forming a fish pond, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fence of stakes, brushwood, or the like, set
in a stream, tideway, or inlet of the sea, for taking fish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A long notch with a horizontal edge, as in the
top of a vertical plate or plank, through which water flows, -- used in
measuring the quantity of flowing water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weird</hw> (w&emacr;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wirde</i>,
<i>werde</i>, AS. <i>wyrd</i> fate, fortune, one of the Fates, fr.
<i>weor&eth;an</i> to be, to become; akin to OS. <i>wurd</i> fate, OHG.
<i>wurt</i>, Icel. <i>ur&eth;r</i>. &radic;143.  See <u>Worth</u> to
become.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Fate; destiny; one of the Fates, or Norns; also,
a prediction.</def>  [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A spell or charm.</def>  [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Sir
W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weird</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to fate; concerned with
destiny.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to witchcraft; caused by, or
suggesting, magical influence; supernatural; unearthly; wild; as, a
<i>weird</i> appearance, look, sound, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Myself too had <i>weird</i> seizures.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those sweet, low tones, that seemed like a <i>weird</i>
incantation.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Weird sisters</b></col>, <cd>the Fates.</cd> [Scot.]  <i>G.
Douglas.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Shakespeare uses the term for the three witches in Macbeth.</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>weird sisters</i>, hand in hand,<BR>
Posters of the sea and land.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weird</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To foretell the fate of; to
predict; to destine to.</def>  [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weird"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being weird.</def></p>

<p><hw>We"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Wegotism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Waive</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>We"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A New
Zealand rail (<i>Ocydromus australis</i>) which has wings so short as to be
incapable of flight.</def></p>

<p><hw>We"kau</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small New Zealand owl (<i>Sceloglaux albifacies</i>). It has short wings
and long legs, and lives chiefly on the ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>We*keen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
meadow pipit.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wel"a*way</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [OE. <i>welaway</i>,
<i>walaway</i>, <i>weilawey</i>; <i>wei</i> wo! (Icel. <i>vei</i>) +
<i>la</i> lo! (AS. <i>l&amacr;</i>) + <i>wei</i> wo!; cf. AS. <i>w&amacr;
l&amacr; w&amacr;</i>.  See <u>Woe</u>.] <def>Alas!</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>welaway</i>, for she undone was clean.</blockquote>
<i>Wyatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wel"-be*gone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wel-begon</i>.
See <u>Well</u>, and <u>Begone</u>.] <def>Surrounded with happiness or
prosperity.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fair and rich and young and <i>wel-begone</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Welch</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Welsh</u>.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Welch"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Welsher</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Welch"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Welshman</u>.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wel"come</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>welcome</i>,
<i>welcume</i>, <i>wilcume</i>, AS. <i>wilcuma</i> a welcome guest, from
<i>wil-</i>, as a prefix, akin to <i>willa</i> will + <i>cuma</i> a comer,
fr. <i>cuman</i> to come; hence, properly, one who comes so as to please
another's will; cf. Icel. <i>velkominn</i> welcome, G. <i>willkommen</i>.
See <u>Will</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and Come.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Received with gladness; admitted willingly to
the house, entertainment, or company; as, a <i>welcome</i>
visitor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the glad soul is made Heaven's <i>welcome</i>
guest.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Producing gladness; grateful; as, a
<i>welcome</i> present; <i>welcome</i> news.</def>  "O, <i>welcome</i>
hour!"  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Free to have or enjoy gratuitously; as, you are
<i>welcome</i> to the use of my library.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Welcome</i> is used elliptically for <i>you are welcome</i>.
"<i>Welcome</i>, great monarch, to your own."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Welcome-to-our-house</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of
spurge (<i>Euphorbia Cyparissias</i>).</cd>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wel"come</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Salutation to a newcomer.</def>  "<i>Welcome</i>
ever smiles."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Kind reception of a guest or newcomer; as, we
entered the house and found a ready <i>welcome</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His warmest <i>welcome</i> at an inn.</blockquote>
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Truth finds an entrance and a <i>welcome</i>
too.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To bid welcome</b></col>, <cd>to receive with professions of
kindness.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>To thee and thy company I <i>bid</i><BR>
A hearty <i>welcome</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wel"come</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Welcomed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Welcoming</u>.] [AS. <i>wilcumian</i>.] <def>To salute with kindness, as
a newcomer; to receive and entertain hospitably and cheerfully; as, to
<i>welcome</i> a visitor; to <i>welcome</i> a new idea.</def>  "I
<i>welcome</i> you to land."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus we salute thee with our early song,<BR>
And <i>welcome</i> thee, and wish thee long.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wel"come*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a welcome
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wel"come*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being welcome; gratefulness; agreeableness; kind reception.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wel"com*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who welcomes; one
who salutes, or receives kindly, a newcomer.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weld</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wield.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weld</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>welde</i>; akin to Scot.
<i>wald</i>, Prov. G. <i>waude</i>, G. <i>wau</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>vau</i>,
D. <i>wouw</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An herb (<i>Reseda luteola</i>)
related to mignonette, growing in Europe, and to some extent in America;
dyer's broom; dyer's rocket; dyer's weed; wild woad. It is used by dyers to
give a yellow color.</def>  [Written also <i>woald</i>, <i>wold</i>, and
<i>would</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Coloring matter or dye extracted from this
plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weld</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Welded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Welding</u>.] [Probably
originally the same word as <i>well</i> to spring up, to gush; perhaps from
the Scand.; cf. Sw. <i>v&auml;lla</i> to weld, <i>uppv&auml;lla</i> to boil
up, to spring up, Dan. <i>v&aelig;lde</i> to gush, G. <i>wellen</i> to
weld.  See <u>Well</u> to spring.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To press or beat into intimate and permanent
union, as two pieces of iron when heated almost to fusion.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Very few of the metals, besides iron and platinum. are capable of
being welded. Horn and tortoise shell possess this useful property.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To unite closely or intimately.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Two women faster <i>welded</i> in one love.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weld</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being welded; the
joint made by welding.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Butt weld</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Butt</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Scarf weld</b></col>, <cd>a joint made by overlapping, and welding
together, the scarfed ends of two pieces.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Weld"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
welded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weld"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who welds, or unites
pieces of iron, etc., by welding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weld"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who welds, or wields.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A manager; an actual occupant.</def>  [Ireland.
Obs.] "The <i>welder</i> . . . who . . . lives miserably."
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wel"don's proc"ess</hw> (?), <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A process for the
recovery or regeneration of manganese dioxide in the manufacture of
chlorine, by means of milk of lime and the oxygen of the air; -- so called
after the inventor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wele</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Weal</u> prosperity.]
<def>Prosperity; happiness; well-being; weal.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wele"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Producing prosperity or
happiness; blessed.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>We"lew</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To welk, or
wither.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wel"fare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Well</i> + <i>fare</i>
to go, to proceed, to happen.] <def>Well-doing or well-being in any
respect; the enjoyment of health and the common blessings of life;
exemption from any evil or calamity; prosperity; happiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How to study for the people's <i>welfare</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In whose deep eyes<BR>
Men read the <i>welfare</i> of the times to come.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wel"far`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Faring well; prosperous;
thriving.</def>  [Obs.] "A <i>welfaring</i> person."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Welk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Welked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Welking</u>.] [OE. <i>welken</i>; cf. D. &amp; G. <i>welken</i> to wither,
G. <i>welk</i> withered, OHG. <i>welc</i> moist.  See <u>Welkin</u>, and
cf. <u>Wilt</u>.] <def>To wither; to fade; also, to decay; to decline; to
wane.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When ruddy Ph&?;bus 'gins to <i>welk</i> in
west.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The church, that before by insensible degrees <i>welked</i>
and impaired, now with large steps went down hill decaying.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Welk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to wither; to wilt.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Mot thy <i>welked</i> neck be to-broke
[broken].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To contract; to shorten.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now sad winter <i>welked</i> hath the day.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To soak; also, to beat severely.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Welk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pustule.  See 2d
<u>Whelk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Welk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
whelk.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Welked</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Whelked</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wel"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>welken</i>,
<i>welkene</i>, <i>welkne</i>, <i>wolcne</i>, <i>weolcne</i>, AS.
<i>wolcen</i>, pl. <i>wolcnu</i>, a cloud; akin to D. <i>wolk</i>, OFries.
<i>wolken</i>, OS. <i>wolkan</i>, G. <i>wolke</i>, OHG. <i>wolchan</i>, and
probably to G. <i>welk</i> withered, OHG. <i>welc</i> moist, Russ. &amp; OSlav.
<i>vlaga moisture</i>, Lith. <i>vilgyti</i> to moisten.] <def>The visible
regions of the air; the vault of heaven; the sky.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the <i>welkne</i> shoon the sterres lyght.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fair <i>welkin</i> foully overcast.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When storms the <i>welkin</i> rend.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Used adjectively by Shakespeare in the phase, "Your <i>welkin</i>
eye," with uncertain meaning.</p>

<p><hw>Well</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>welle</i>, AS.
<i>wella</i>, <i>wylla</i>, from <i>weallan</i> to well up, surge, boil;
akin to D. <i>wel</i> a spring or fountain. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Well</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An issue of water from the earth; a spring; a
fountain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Begin, then, sisters of the sacred <i>well</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A pit or hole sunk into the earth to such a
depth as to reach a supply of water, generally of a cylindrical form, and
often walled with stone or bricks to prevent the earth from caving
in.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The woman said unto him, Sir, thou hast nothing to draw
with, and the <i>well</i> is deep.</blockquote> <i>John iv. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A shaft made in the earth to obtain oil or
brine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A source of supply; fountain;
wellspring.</def>  "This <i>well</i> of mercy."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dan Chaucer, <i>well</i> of English undefiled.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>well</i> of serious thought and pure.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An inclosure
in the middle of a vessel's hold, around the pumps, from the bottom to the
lower deck, to preserve the pumps from damage and facilitate their
inspection.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A compartment in the middle of
the hold of a fishing vessel, made tight at the sides, but having holes
perforated in the bottom to let in water for the preservation of fish alive
while they are transported to market.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
vertical passage in the stern into which an auxiliary screw propeller may
be drawn up out of water.</def>  <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A depressed space
in the after part of the deck; -- often called the
<i>cockpit</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A hole or excavation in the earth,
in mining, from which run branches or galleries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An opening through the floors of
a building, as for a staircase or an elevator; a wellhole.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The lower part of a furnace,
into which the metal falls.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Artesian well</b></col>, <col><b>Driven well</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Artesian</u>, and <u>Driven</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pump
well</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See <u>Well</u>, 5 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Well boring</b></col>, <cd>the art or process of
boring an artesian well.</cd> -- <col><b>Well drain</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A drain or vent for water, somewhat like a well or
pit, serving to discharge the water of wet land.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A drain conducting to a well or pit.</cd> -- <col><b>Well
room</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A room where a well or spring is
situated; especially, one built over a mineral spring.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>A depression in the bottom of a
boat, into which water may run, and whence it is thrown out with a
scoop.</cd> -- <col><b>Well sinker</b></col>, <cd>one who sinks or digs
wells.</cd> -- <col><b>Well sinking</b></col>, <cd>the art or process of
sinking or digging wells.</cd> -- <col><b>Well staircase</b></col>
<i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a staircase having a wellhole (see <u>Wellhole</u>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>), as distinguished from one which occupies the whole of
the space left for it in the floor.</cd> -- <col><b>Well sweep</b></col>.
<cd>Same as <u>Sweep</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 12.</cd> -- <col><b>Well
water</b></col>, <cd>the water that flows into a well from subterraneous
springs; the water drawn from a well.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Well</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Welled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Welling</u>.] [OE. <i>wellen</i>, AS. <i>wyllan</i>, <i>wellan</i>, fr.
<i>weallan</i>; akin to OFries. <i>walla</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>wallan</i>, G.
<i>wallen</i>, Icel. <i>vella</i>, G. <i>welle</i>, wave, OHG.
<i>wella</i>, <i>walm</i>, AS. <i>wylm</i>; cf. L. <i>volvere</i> to roll,
Gr. &?; to inwrap, &?; to roll.  Cf. <u>Voluble</u>, <u>Wallop</u> to boil,
<u>Wallow</u>, <u>Weld</u> of metal.] <def>To issue forth, as water from
the earth; to flow; to spring.</def>  "[Blood] <i>welled</i> from out the
wound." <i>Dryden.</i> "[Yon spring] <i>wells</i> softly forth."
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From his two springs in Gojam's sunny realm,<BR>
Pure <i>welling</i> out, he through the lucid lake<BR>
Of fair Dambea rolls his infant streams.</blockquote> <i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To pour forth, as from a
well.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> and
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> wanting, the deficiency being supplied by
<i>better</i> and <i>best</i>, from another root.] [OE. <i>wel</i>, AS.
<i>wel</i>; akin to OS., OFries., &amp; D. <i>wel</i>, G. <i>wohl</i>, OHG.
<i>wola</i>, <i>wela</i>, Icel. &amp; Dan. <i>vel</i>, Sw. <i>v&auml;l</i>,
Goth. <i>wa&iacute;la</i>; originally meaning, according to one's will or
wish.  See <u>Will</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Wealth</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a good or proper manner; justly; rightly; not
ill or wickedly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou doest not <i>well</i>, sin lieth at the
door.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iv. 7.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Suitably to one's condition, to the occasion, or
to a proposed end or use; suitably; abundantly; fully; adequately;
thoroughly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lot . . . beheld all the plain of Jordan, that it was
<i>well</i> watered everywhere.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xiii. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>WE are <i>well</i>able to overcome it.</blockquote> <i>Num.
xiii. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She looketh <i>well</i> to the ways of her
household.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xxxi. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Servant of God, <i>well</i> done! <i>well</i> hast thou
fought<BR>
The better fight.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fully or about; -- used with numbers.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Well</i> a ten or twelve."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Well</i> nine and twenty in a company.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In such manner as is desirable; so as one could
wish; satisfactorily; favorably; advantageously; conveniently.</def>  "It
boded <i>well</i> to you."  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Know<BR>
In measure what the mind may <i>well</i> contain.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the world speaks <i>well</i> of you.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Considerably; not a little; far.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Abraham and Sarah were old and <i>well</i> stricken in
age.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xviii. 11.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Well</i> is sometimes used elliptically for <i>it is well</i>,
as an expression of satisfaction with what has been said or done, and
sometimes it expresses concession, or is merely expletive; as, <i>well</i>,
the work is done; <i>well</i>, let us go; <i>well</i>, <i>well</i>, be it
so.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Well</i>, like <i>above</i>, <i>ill</i>, and <i>so</i>, is
used before many participial adjectives in its usual adverbial senses, and
subject to the same custom with regard to the use of the hyphen (see the
Note under <u>Ill</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>); as, a <i>well</i>-affected
supporter; he was <i>well</i> affected toward the project; a <i>well</i>-
trained speaker; he was <i>well</i> trained in speaking; <i>well</i>-
educated, or <i>well</i> educated; <i>well</i>-dressed, or <i>well</i>
dressed; <i>well</i>-appearing; <i>well</i>-behaved; <i>well</i>-
controlled; <i>well</i>-designed; <i>well</i>-directed; <i>well</i>-formed;
<i>well</i>-meant; <i>well</i>-minded; <i>well</i>-ordered; <i>well</i>-
performed; <i>well</i>-pleased; <i>well</i>-pleasing; <i>well</i>-seasoned;
<i>well</i>-steered; <i>well</i>-tasted; <i>well</i>-told, etc. Such
compound epithets usually have an obvious meaning, and since they may be
formed at will, only a few of this class are given in the Vocabulary.</p>

<p><col><b>As well</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>As</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>As
well as</b></col>, <cd>and also; together with; not less than; one as much
as the other; as, a sickness long, <i>as well as</i> severe; London is the
largest city in England, <i>as well as</i> the capital.</cd> --
<col><b>Well enough</b></col>, <cd>well or good in a moderate degree; so as
to give satisfaction, or so as to require no alteration.</cd> --
<col><b>Well off</b></col>, <cd>in good condition; especially, in good
condition as to property or any advantages; thriving; prosperous.</cd> --
<col><b>Well to do</b></col>, <cd>well off; prosperous; -- used also
adjectively.</cd> "The class <i>well to do</i> in the world." <i>J. H.
Newman.</i> -- <col><b>Well to live</b></col>, <cd>in easy circumstances;
well off; well to do.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Good in condition or circumstances; desirable,
either in a natural or moral sense; fortunate; convenient; advantageous;
happy; as, it is <i>well</i> for the country that the crops did not fail;
it is <i>well</i> that the mistake was discovered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was <i>well</i> with us in Egypt.</blockquote> <i>Num.
xi. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being in health; sound in body; not ailing,
diseased, or sick; healthy; as, a <i>well</i> man; the patient is perfectly
<i>well</i>.</def>  "Your friends are <i>well</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Is your father <i>well</i>, the old man of whom ye
spake?</blockquote> <i>Gen. xliii. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Being in favor; favored; fortunate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He followed the fortunes of that family, and was <i>well</i>
with Henry the Fourth.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Marine Insurance)</i> <def>Safe; as, a chip
warranted <i>well</i> at a certain day and place.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"a*day</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Corrupted from
<i>wela way</i>.] <def>Alas! Welaway!</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wel"lat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
king parrakeet See under <u>King</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Well"-be`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
condition of being well; welfare; happiness; prosperity; as, virtue is
essential to the <i>well-being</i> of men or of society.</def></p>

<p><hw>Well"-born`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Born of a noble or
respect able family; not of mean birth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Well"-bred`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having good
breeding; refined in manners; polite; cultivated.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am as <i>well-bred</i> as the earl's
granddaughter.</blockquote> <i>Thackera&?;.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1641 !></p>

<p><hw>Well"do`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who does well;
one who does good to another; a benefactor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Well"do`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A doing well; right
performance of duties. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Well"drain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Welldrained</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Well-draining</u>.] <def>To drain, as land; by means of wells, or pits,
which receive the water, and from which it is discharged by
machinery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Well"fare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Welfare</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Well"-fa"vored</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Handsome;
wellformed; beautiful; pleasing to the eye.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rachel was beautiful and <i>well-favored</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xxix. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A source, spring, or
fountain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At the <i>wellhead</i> the purest streams
arise.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our public-school and university life is a great
<i>wellhead</i> of new and irresponsible words.</blockquote>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The open
space in a floor, to accommodate a staircase.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The open space left beyond the ends of the steps of a
staircase.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cavity which receives a counterbalancing
weight in certain mechanical contrivances, and is adapted also for other
purposes.</def>  <i>W. M. Buchanan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well`-in*formed"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Correctly
informed; provided with information; well furnished with authentic
knowledge; intelligent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wel`ling*to"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named after
the Duke of <i>Wellington</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A name given to the "big
trees" (<i>Sequoia gigantea</i>) of California, and still used in England.
See <u>Sequoia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wel"ling*tons</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [After the Duke of
<i>Wellington</i>.] <def>A kind of long boots for men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Well`-in*ten"tioned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
upright intentions or honorable purposes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dutchmen who had sold themselves to France, as the
<i>wellintentioned</i> party.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"-known`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fully known;
generally known or acknowledged.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A church well known with a <i>well-known</i>
rite.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"-lik`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being in good
condition.</def>  [Obs. or Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>They also shall bring forth more fruit in their age, and
shall be fat and <i>well-liking</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer
(Ps. xcii.).</i></p>

<p><hw>Well`-man"nered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Polite; well-
bred; complaisant; courteous.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"-mean`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One whose
intention is good.</def>  "<i>Well-meaners</i> think no harm."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"-mean`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a good
intention.</def></p>

<p><hw>Well`-na"tured</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Good-natured;
kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Well-natured</i>, temperate, and wise.</blockquote>
<i>Denham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"-nigh`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Almost;
nearly.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"-plight`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being well
folded.</def>  [Obs.] "Her <i>well-plighted</i> frock."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"-read`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of extensive
reading; deeply versed; -- often followed by <i>in</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Well"-seen`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having seen much;
hence, accomplished; experienced.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Well-seen</i> in arms and proved in many a
fight.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"-set`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Properly or firmly set.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Well put together; having symmetry of
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Well"-sped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having good
success.</def></p>

<p><hw>Well"-spo`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Well</i> +
<i>speak</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Speaking well; speaking with fitness or grace;
speaking kindly.</def>  "A knight <i>well-spoken</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spoken with propriety; as, <i>well-spoken</i>
words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Well"spring`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fountain; a
spring; a source of continual supply.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Understanding is a <i>wellspring</i> of life unto him that
hath it; but the instruction of fools is folly.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xvi.
22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"-will`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wishes
well, or means kindly.</def>  [R.] "A <i>well-willer</i> of yours."
<i>Brydges.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"-wish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wish of
happiness.</def>  "A <i>well-wish</i> for his friends."
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Well"wish`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wishes
another well; one who is benevolently or friendlily inclined.</def></p>

<p><hw>We'll</hw> (?). <def>Contraction for <i>we will</i> or <i>we
shall</i>.</def>  "<i>We'll</i> follow them."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wels</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The sheatfish; -- called also <i>waller</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Welsh</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>w&aelig;lisc</i>,
<i>welisc</i>, from <i>wealh</i> a stranger, foreigner, not of Saxon
origin, a Welshman, a Celt, Gael; akin to OHG. <i>walh</i>, whence G.
<i>w&auml;lsch</i> or <i>welsch</i>, Celtic, Welsh, Italian, French,
Foreign, strange, OHG. <i>walhisc</i>; from the name of a Celtic tribe.
See <u>Walnut</u>.] <def>Of or pertaining to Wales, or its
inhabitants.</def>  [Sometimes written also <i>Welch</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Welsh flannel</b></col>, <cd>a fine kind of flannel made from
the fleece of the flocks of the Welsh mountains, and largely manufactured
by hand.</cd> -- <col><b>Welsh glaive</b></col>, or <col><b>Welsh
hook</b></col>, <cd>a weapon of war used in former times by the Welsh,
commonly regarded as a kind of poleax.</cd> <i>Fairholt.</i> <i>Craig.</i>
-- <col><b>Welsh mortgage</b></col> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a species of
mortgage, being a conveyance of an estate, redeemable at any time on
payment of the principal, with an understanding that the profits in the
mean time shall be received by the mortgagee without account, in
satisfaction of interest.</cd> <i>Burrill.</i> -- <col><b>Welsh
mutton</b></col>, <cd>a choice and delicate kind of mutton obtained from a
breed of small sheep in Wales.</cd> -- <col><b>Welsh onion</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of onion (<i>Allium fistulosum</i>) having hollow
inflated stalks and leaves, but scarcely any bulb, a native of Siberia. It
is said to have been introduced from Germany, and is supposed to have
derived its name from the German term <i>w&auml;lsch</i> foreign.</cd> --
<col><b>Welsh parsley</b></col>, <cd>hemp, or halters made from hemp.</cd>
[Obs. &amp; Jocular] <i>J. Fletcher.</i> -- <col><b>Welsh rabbit</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Rabbit</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Welsh</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The language of Wales, or of the Welsh
people.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>The natives or inhabitants of
Wales.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Welsh</i> call themselves <i>Cymry</i>, in the plural, and
a Welshman <i>Cymro</i>, and their country <i>Cymru</i>, of which the
adjective is <i>Cymreig</i>, and the name of their language <i>Cymraeg</i>.
They are a branch of the Celtic family, and a relic of the earliest known
population of England, driven into the mountains of Wales by the Anglo-
Saxon invaders.</p>

<p><hw>Welsh"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who cheats at a
horse race; one who bets, without a chance of being able to pay; one who
receives money to back certain horses and absconds with it.</def>  [Written
also <i>welcher</i>.] [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Welsh"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Welshmen</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A native or inhabitant of Wales; one of the
Welsh.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
squirrel fish.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The large-mouthed black
bass.  See <u>Black bass</u>.</def>  [Southern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wel"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Prosperous; well.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Wyclif.</i> -- <wf>Wel"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<pos><i>Wyclif.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Welt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>welte</i>, probably fr.
W. <i>gwald</i> a hem, a welt, <i>gwaldu</i> to welt or to hem.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which, being sewed or otherwise fastened to
an edge or border, serves to guard, strengthen, or adorn it</def>; as;
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def> A small cord covered with cloth and sewed on a
seam or border to strengthen it; an edge of cloth folded on itself, usually
over a cord, and sewed down.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A hem, border,
or fringe.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In shoemaking, a narrow
strip of leather around a shoe, between the upper leather and sole.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>In steam boilers and sheet-iron work, a strip
riveted upon the edges of plates that form a butt joint.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>In carpentry, a strip of wood fastened over a
flush seam or joint, or an angle, to strengthen it.</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>In machine-made stockings, a strip, or flap, of
which the heel is formed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A narrow border, as of an
ordinary, but not extending around the ends.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Welt joint</b></col>, <cd>a joint, as of plates, made with a
welt, instead of by overlapping the edges.  See <u>Weld</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1 <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Welt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Welted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Welting</u>.] <def>To
furnish with a welt; to sew or fasten a welt on; as, to <i>welt</i> a boot
or a shoe; to <i>welt</i> a sleeve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Welt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wilt.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Welte</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Weld</u>, to
wield.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wel"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Weltered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Weltering</u>.] [Freq. of OE. <i>walten</i> to roll over, AS.
<i>wealtan</i>; akin to LG. <i>weltern</i>, G. <i>walzen</i> to roll, to
waltz, sich <i>w&auml;lzen</i> to welter, OHG. <i>walzan</i> to roll, Icel.
<i>velta</i>, Dan. <i>v&aelig;lte</i>, Sw. <i>v&auml;ltra</i>,
<i>v&auml;lta</i>; cf. Goth. <i>waltjan</i>; probably akin to E.
<i>wallow</i>, <i>well</i>, v. i. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Well</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Waltz</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To roll, as the body of an animal; to tumble
about, especially in anything foul or defiling; to wallow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When we <i>welter</i> in pleasures and idleness, then we eat
and drink with drunkards.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These wizards <i>welter</i> in wealth's waves.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He must not float upon his watery bier<BR>
Unwept, and <i>welter</i> to the parching wind,<BR>
Without the meed of some melodious tear.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The priests at the altar . . . <i>weltering</i> in their
blood.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rise and fall, as waves; to tumble over, as
billows.</def>  "The <i>weltering</i> waves."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Waves that, hardly <i>weltering</i>, die away.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Through this blindly <i>weltering</i> sea.</blockquote>
<i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wel"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Wilt</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>To wither; to wilt.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Weltered</i> hearts and blighted . . .
memories.</blockquote> <i>I. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wel"ter</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Horse Racing)</i> <def>Of,
pertaining to, or designating, the most heavily weighted race in a meeting;
as, a <i>welter</i> race; the <i>welter</i> stakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wel"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That in which any person or thing welters, or
wallows; filth; mire; slough.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The foul <i>welter</i> of our so-called religious or other
controversies.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A rising or falling, as of waves; as, the
<i>welter</i> of the billows; the <i>welter</i> of a tempest.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Wel*witsch"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named after
the discoverer, Dr. Friedrich <i>Welwitsch</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
African plant (<i>Welwitschia mirabilis</i>) belonging to the order
<i>Gnetace&aelig;</i>. It consists of a short, woody, topshaped stem, and
never more than two leaves, which are the cotyledons enormously developed,
and at length split into diverging segments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Womb</u>.] <def>The
abdomen; the uterus; the womb.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wem</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wam</i>, <i>wamm</i>.]
<def>Spot; blemish; harm; hurt.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Withouten <i>wem</i> of you, through foul and
fair.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wem</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wemman</i>.] <def>To
stain; to blemish; to harm; to corrupt.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wem"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no wem, or blemish;
spotless.</def>  [Obs.] "Virgin <i>wemless</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wen</hw> (w&ebreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wenn</i>; akin
to D. <i>wen</i>, LG. <i>wenne</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An indolent,
encysted tumor of the skin; especially, a sebaceous cyst.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wench</hw> (w&ebreve;nch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wenche</i>,
for older <i>wenchel</i> a child, originally, weak, tottering; cf. AS.
<i>wencle</i> a maid, a daughter, <i>wencel</i> a pupil, orphan,
<i>wincel</i>, <i>winclu</i>, children, offspring, <i>wencel</i> weak,
<i>wancol</i> unstable, OHG. <i>wanchol</i>; perhaps akin to E.
<i>wink</i>.  See <u>Wink</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A young woman; a girl; a maiden.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lord and lady, groom and <i>wench</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That they may send again<BR>
My most sweet <i>wench</i>, and gifts to boot.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was received by the daughter of the house, a pretty,
buxom, blue-eyed little <i>wench</i>.</blockquote> <i>W. Black.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A low, vicious young woman; a drab; a
strumpet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She shall be called his <i>wench</i> or his
leman.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is not a digression to talk of bawds in a discourse upon
<i>wenches</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A colored woman; a negress.</def>  [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wench</hw> (w&ebreve;nch), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Wenched</u> (w&ebreve;ncht); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Wenching</u>.] <def>To frequent the company of wenches, or
women of ill fame.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wench"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
wenches; a lewd man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wench"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without a
wench.</def>  <i> Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wend</hw> (w&ebreve;nd), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Wene</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wend</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wended</u>, Obs. <u>Went</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wending</u>.] [AS. <i>wendan</i> to turn, to go, caus. of <i>windan</i>
to wind; akin to OS. <i>wendian</i>, OFries. <i>wenda</i>, D. <i>wenden</i>
to turn, G. <i>wenden</i>, Icel. <i>venda</i>, Sw. <i>v&auml;nda</i>, Dan.
<i>vende</i>, Goth. <i>wandjan</i>.  See <u>Wind</u> to turn, and cf.
<u>Went</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go; to pass; to betake one's self.</def>  "To
Canterbury they <i>wend</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To Athens shall the lovers <i>wend</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn round.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wend</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To direct; to betake; --
used chiefly in the phrase to <i>wend one's way</i>. Also used
reflexively.</def>  "Great voyages to <i>wend</i>."  <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wend</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A large
extent of ground; a perambulation; a circuit.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wende</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Wene</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wend"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Wend"ish</hw> (?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining the Wends, or their language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wend"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language of the
Wends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wends</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Wend</b></singw>. <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A Slavic tribe which once
occupied the northern and eastern parts of Germany, of which a small
remnant exists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wene</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ween.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wen"lock group`</hw> (?), <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The middle subdivision
of the Upper Silurian in Great Britain; -- so named from the typical
locality in Shropshire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wen"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Weanel</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wen"nish</hw> (?), <hw>Wen"ny</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[From <u>Wen</u>.] <def>Having the nature of a wen; resembling a wen; as, a
<i>wennish</i> excrescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>We*no"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
sand snake (<i>Charina plumbea</i>) of Western North America, of the family
<i>Erycid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Went</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Wend</u>; -
- now obsolete except as the imperfect of <i>go</i>, with which it has no
etymological connection.  See <u>Go</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the church both be they <i>went</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Went</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Course; way; path; journey;
direction.</def>  [Obs.] "At a turning of a <i>wente</i>."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But here my weary team, nigh overspent,<BR>
Shall breathe itself awhile after so long a <i>went</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He knew the diverse <i>went</i> of mortal ways.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wen"tle*trap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>wenteltrap</i> a
winding staircase; cf. G. <i>wendeltreppe</i>.] [Obs.] <def>Any one of
numerous species of elegant, usually white, marine shells of the genus
Scalaria, especially <i>Scalaria pretiosa</i>, which was formerly highly
valued; -- called also <i>staircase shell</i>.  See
<u>Scalaria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wep</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of
<u>Weep</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wep"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Weapon.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wept</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Weep</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Werche</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To work.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Were</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To wear.  See 3d
<u>Wear</u>.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Were</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A weir.  See <u>Weir</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer. Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Were</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>werian</i>.] <def>To
guard; to protect.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Were</hw> (w&etilde;r; 277). [AS. <i>w&aemacr;re</i> (thou) wast,
<i>w&aemacr;ron</i> (we, you, they) were, <i>w&aemacr;re</i> imp. subj.
See <u>Was</u>.] <def>The imperfect indicative plural, and imperfect
subjunctive singular and plural, of the verb <i>be</i>.  See
<u>Be</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Were</hw> (w&emacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wer</i>; akin to
OS. &amp; OHG. <i>wer</i>, Goth. <i>wa&iacute;r</i>, L. <i>vir</i>, Skr.
<i>v&imacr;ra</i>.  Cf. <u>Weregild</u>, and <u>Werewolf</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fine for slaying a man; the money value set
upon a man's life; weregild.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Every man was valued at a certain sum, which was called his
<i>were</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bosworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Were"gild`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wergild</i>;
<i>wer</i> a man, value set on a man's life + <i>gild</i> payment of money;
akin to G. <i>wehrgeld</i>. &radic;285.  See <u>Were</u> a man, and
<u>Geld</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>The price of a
man's head; a compensation paid of a man killed, partly to the king for the
loss of a subject, partly to the lord of a vassal, and partly to the next
of kin. It was paid by the murderer.</def>  [Written also <i>weregeld</i>,
<i>weregelt</i>, etc.]  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Were"wolf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Werewolves</b></plw> (#). [AS. <i>werwulf</i>; <i>wer</i> a man +
<i>wulf</i> a wolf; cf. G. <i>w&auml;rwolf</i>, <i>w&auml;hrwolf</i>,
<i>wehrwolf</i>, a werewolf, MHG. <i>werwolf</i>. &radic;285.  See
<u>Were</u> a man, and <u>Wolf</u>, and cf. <u>Virile</u>, <u>World</u>.]
<def>A person transformed into a wolf in form and appetite, either
temporarily or permanently, whether by supernatural influences, by
witchcraft, or voluntarily; a lycanthrope. Belief in werewolves, formerly
general, is not now extinct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>werwolf</i> went about his prey.</blockquote>
<i>William of Palerne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The brutes that wear our form and face,<BR>
The <i>werewolves</i> of the human race.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>{<hw>Werk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Werke</hw>  },
<pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Work</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wern</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Warn</u>.]
<def>To refuse.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He is too great a niggard that will <i>wern</i><BR>
A man to light a candle at his lantern.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wer*ne"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
A. G. <i>Werner</i>, The German mineralogist and geologist, who classified
minerals according to their external characters, and advocated the theory
that the strata of the earth's crust were formed by depositions from water;
designating, or according to, Werner's system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wer"ner*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wernerian</u>.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>The common grayish or white variety of
soapolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>We*roo"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An
Australian lorikeet (<i>Ptilosclera versicolor</i>) noted for the variety
of its colors; -- called also <i>varied lorikeet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Werre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>War.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1642 !></p>

<p><hw>Wer"rey</hw> (w&etilde;r"r&amacr;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
warray.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Werst</hw> (w&etilde;rst), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Verst</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wert</hw> (w&etilde;rt), <def>The second person singular, indicative
and subjunctive moods, imperfect tense, of the verb <i>be</i>. It is formed
from <i>were</i>, with the ending <i>-t</i>, after the analogy of
<i>wast</i>. Now used only in solemn or poetic style.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wert</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wart.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wer`y*an"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Wariangle</u>.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>We"sand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Weasand</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wesh</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Wash</u>.
<def>Washed.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>We"sil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Weasand</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wes"ley*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Wesleyanism</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Wesley or Wesleyanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wes"ley*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>One who
adopts the principles of Wesleyanism; a Methodist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wes"ley*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>The system of doctrines and church polity inculcated by John
<i>Wesley</i> (b. 1703; d. 1791), the founder of the religious sect called
Methodist; Methodism.  See <u>Methodist</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>West</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>west</i>, adv.; akin to
D. <i>west</i>, G. <i>west</i>, <i>westen</i>, OHG. <i>westan</i>, Icel.
<i>vestr</i>, Sw. <i>vest</i>, <i>vester</i>, <i>vestan</i>, Dan.
<i>vest</i>, <i>vesten</i>, and perhaps to L. <i>vesper</i> evening, Gr.
&?;. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  Cf. <u>Vesper</u>, <u>Visigoth</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The point in the heavens where the sun is seen
to set at the equinox; or, the corresponding point on the earth; that one
of the four cardinal points of the compass which is in a direction at right
angles to that of north and south, and on the left hand of a person facing
north; the point directly opposite to east.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And fresh from the <i>west</i> is the free wind's
breath.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A country, or region of country, which, with
regard to some other country or region, is situated in the direction toward
the west.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The Westen
hemisphere, or the New World so called, it having been discovered by
sailing westward from Europe; the Occident.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(U. S. Hist. &amp; Geog.)</i> <def>Formerly, that part of the  United States
west of the Alleghany mountains; now, commonly, the whole region west of
the Mississippi river; esp., that part which is north of the Indian
Territory, New Mexico, etc. Usually with the definite article.</def></p>

<p><col><b>West by north</b></col>, <col><b>West by south</b></col>,
<cd>according to the notation of the mariner's compass, that point which
lies 11&frac14;&deg; to the north or south, respectively, of the point due
west.</cd> -- <col><b>West northwest</b></col>, <col><b>West
southwest</b></col>, <cd>that point which lies 22&frac12;&deg; to the north
or south of west, or halfway between west and northwest or southwest,
respectively.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Compass</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>West</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying toward the west; situated
at the west, or in a western direction from the point of observation or
reckoning; proceeding toward the west, or coming from the west; as, a
<i>west</i> course is one toward the west; an east and <i>west</i> line; a
<i>west</i> wind blows from the west.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This shall be your <i>west</i> border.</blockquote> <i>Num.
xxxiv. 6.</i></p>

<p><col><b>West end</b></col>, <cd>the fashionable part of London,
commencing from the east, at Charing Cross.</cd></p>

<p><hw>West</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>west</i>.]
<def>Westward.</def></p>

<p><hw>West</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass to the west; to set, as the sun.</def>
[Obs.] "The hot sun gan to <i>west</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn or move toward the west; to veer from
the north or south toward the west.</def></p>

<p><hw>West"er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Passing to the
west.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Toward heaven's descent had sloped his <i>westering</i>
wheel.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>West"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
west; toward the west; coming from the west; western.</def></p>

<p><hw>West"er*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the west;
westward.</def></p>

<p><hw>West"ern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the west; situated in the
west, or in the region nearly in the direction of west; being in that
quarter where the sun sets; as, the <i>western</i> shore of France; the
<i>western</i> ocean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Far o'er the glowing <i>western</i> main.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Moving toward the west; as, a ship makes a
<i>western</i> course; coming from the west; as, a <i>western</i>
breeze.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Western Church</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Latin Church</i>, under
<u>Latin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Western empire</b></col> <i>(Hist.)</i>,
<cd>the western portion of the Roman empire, as divided, by the will of
Theodosius the Great, between his sons Honorius and Arcadius, <u>a. d.</u>
395.</cd></p>

<p><hw>West"ern*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of the west.</def></p>

<p><hw>West"ern*most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated the
farthest towards the west; most western.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>West` In"di*a</hw> (?), <hw>West` In"di*an</hw> (?).}
<def>Belonging or relating to the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><col><b>West India tea</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a shrubby plant
(<i>Capraria biflora</i>) having oblanceolate toothed leaves which are
sometimes used in the West Indies as a substitute for tea.</cd></p>

<p><hw>West` In"di*an</hw>. <def>A native of, or a dweller in, the West
Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>West"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut. &amp; Surv.)</i>
<def>The distance, reckoned toward the west, between the two meridians
passing through the extremities of a course, or portion of a ship's path;
the departure of a course which lies to the west of north.</def></p>

<p><hw>West"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A westerner.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>West"min`ster As*sem"bly</hw> (?). <def>See under
<u>Assembly</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>West"most`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying farthest to the
west; westernmost.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>West"ward</hw> (?), <hw>West"wards</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>westweard</i>.  See <u>West</u>, and <u>-
ward</u>. ] <def>Toward the west; as, to ride or sail
<i>westward</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Westward</i> the course of empire takes its
way.</blockquote> <i>Berkeley.</i></p>

<p><hw>West"ward</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lying toward the
west.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yond same star that's <i>westward</i> from the
pole.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>West"ward</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The western region or
countries; the west.</def></p>

<p><hw>West"ward*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a westward
direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>West"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dizzy; giddy.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wet</hw> (w&ebreve;t), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Wetter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos>
<u>Wettest</u>.] [OE. <i>wet</i>, <i>weet</i>, AS. <i>w&aemacr;t</i>; akin
to OFries. <i>w&emacr;t</i>, Icel. <i>v&amacr;tr</i>, Sw. <i>v&aring;t</i>,
Dan. <i>vaad</i>, and E. <i>water</i>. &radic;137.  See <u>Water</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Containing, or consisting of, water or other
liquid; moist; soaked with a liquid; having water or other liquid upon the
surface; as, <i>wet</i> land; a <i>wet</i> cloth; a <i>wet</i> table.</def>
"<i>Wet</i> cheeks."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very damp; rainy; as, <i>wet</i> weather; a
<i>wet</i> season.</def>  "<i>Wet</i> October's torrent flood."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Employing, or done by means of,
water or some other liquid; as, the <i>wet</i> extraction of copper, in
distinction from <i>dry</i> extraction in which dry heat or fusion is
employed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Refreshed with liquor; drunk.</def>  [Slang]
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wet blanket</b></col>, <col><b>Wet dock</b></col>, <cd>etc.  See
under <u>Blanket</u>, <u>Dock</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Wet
goods</b></col>, <cd>intoxicating liquors.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Nasty; humid; damp; moist.  See <u>Nasty</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Wet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>w&aemacr;ta</i>.  See
<u>Wet</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Water or wetness; moisture or humidity in
considerable degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Have here a cloth and wipe away the <i>wet</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now the sun, with more effectual beams,<BR>
Had cheered the face of earth, and dried the <i>wet</i><BR>
From drooping plant.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Rainy weather; foggy or misty weather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A dram; a drink.</def>  [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Wet</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wet</u> (rarely <u>Wetted</u>); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wetting</u>.] [AS. <i>w&aemacr;tan</i>.] <def>To fill or moisten with
water or other liquid; to sprinkle; to cause to have water or other fluid
adherent to the surface; to dip or soak in a liquid; as, to <i>wet</i> a
sponge; to <i>wet</i> the hands; to <i>wet</i> cloth.</def>  "[The scene]
did draw tears from me and <i>wetted</i> my paper."  <i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye mists and exhalations, that now rise . . . <BR>
Whether to deck with clouds the uncolored sky,<BR>
Or <i>wet</i> the thirsty earth with falling showers.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To wet one's whistle</b></col>, <cd>to moisten one's throat; to
drink a dram of liquor.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let us drink the other cup <i>to wet our
whistles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wet"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The chaffinch, whose cry is thought to foretell rain.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Weth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wether</i>, AS.
<i>we&eth;er</i>; akin to OS. <i>wethar</i>, <i>withar</i>, a ram, D.
<i>weder</i>, G. <i>widder</i>, OHG. <i>widar</i>, Icel. <i>ve&eth;r</i>,
Sw. <i>v&auml;dur</i>, Dan. <i>v&aelig;dder</i>, Goth. <i>wi&thorn;rus</i>
a lamb, L. <i>vitulus</i> calf, Skr. <i>vatsa</i>, L. <i>vetus</i> old, Gr.
<grk>'e`tos</grk> year; -- originally meaning, a yearling.  Cf.
<u>Veal</u>, <u>Veteran</u>.] <def>A castrated ram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wet"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being wet; moisture; humidity; as, the <i>wetness</i>
of land; the <i>wetness</i> of a cloth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A watery or moist state of the atmosphere; a
state of being rainy, foggy, or misty; as, the <i>wetness</i> of weather or
the season.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Wetness</i> generally implies more water or liquid than is
implied by <i>humidness</i> or <i>moisture</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Wet" nurse`</hw> (?). <def>A nurse who suckles a child, especially
the child of another woman.  Cf. <u>Dry nurse</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wet"-shod`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the feet, or
the shoes on the feet, wet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wet"tish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat wet; moist;
humid.</def></p>

<p><hw>We"vil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Weevil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wex</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To grow; to
wax.</def>  [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> "Each <i>wexing</i> moon."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wex</hw>, obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Wex</u>.
<def>Waxed.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wex</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wax.</def>  [Obs.] "Yelwe as
<i>wex</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Way; road; path.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wey</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To weigh.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>weye</i>, AS.
<i>w&?;ge</i> weight. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Weight</u>.] <def>A certain
measure of weight.</def>  [Eng.] "A <i>weye</i> of Essex cheese."  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>wey</i> is 6&?; tods, or 182 pounds, of wool; a load, or
five quarters, of wheat, 40 bushels of salt, each weighing 56 pounds; 32
cloves of cheese, each weighing seven pounds; 48 bushels of oats and
barley; and from two cwt. to three cwt. of butter.  <i>Simmonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Weyle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To wail.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wey"le*way</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Welaway</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Weyve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To waive.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>We"zand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Weasand</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Whaap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from one of its
notes.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The European curlew; -
- called also <i>awp</i>, <i>whaup</i>, <i>great whaup</i>, and <i>stock
whaup</i>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The whimbrel; -- called also
<i>May whaup</i>, <i>little whaup</i>, and <i>tang whaup</i>.</def>  [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Whack</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whacked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whacking</u>.] [Cf. <u>Thwack</u>.] <def>To strike; to beat; to give a
heavy or resounding blow to; to thrash; to make with whacks.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Rodsmen were <i>whacking</i>their way through willow
brakes.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To strike anything with a
smart blow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To whack away</b></col>, <cd>to continue striking heavy blows;
as, <i>to whack away</i> at a log.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Whack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A smart resounding blow.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Whack"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who whacks.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything very large; specif., a great lie; a
whapper.</def>  [Colloq.]
  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whack"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very large;
whapping.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wha*hoo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
American tree, the winged elm. (<i>Ulmus alata</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Whala</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whaled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whaling</u>.] [Cf. <u>Wale</u>. ] <def>To lash with stripes; to wale; to
thrash; to drub.</def>  [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U. S.]  <i>Halliwell.
Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whale</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>whal</i>, AS.
<i>hw&aelig;l</i>; akin to D. <i>wal</i>visch, G. <i>wal</i>,
<i>wal</i>fisch, OHG. <i>wal</i>, Icel. <i>hvalr</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>hval</i>, <i>hval</i>fisk.  Cf. <u>Narwhal</u>, <u>Walrus</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any aquatic mammal of the order <i>Cetacea</i>,
especially any one of the large species, some of which become nearly one
hundred feet long. Whales are hunted chiefly for their oil and baleen, or
whalebone.</def>
</p>

<p>&fist; The existing whales are divided into two groups: the toothed
whales (<i>Odontocete</i>), including those that have teeth, as the
cachalot, or sperm whale (see <u>Sperm whale</u>); and the baleen, or
whalebone, whales (<i>Mysticete</i>), comprising those that are destitute
of teeth, but have plates of baleen hanging from the upper jaw, as the
right whales. The most important species of whalebone whales are the
bowhead, or Greenland, whale (see <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Right whale</u>),
the Biscay whale, the Antarctic whale, the gray whale (see under
<u>Gray</u>), the humpback, the finback, and the rorqual.</p>

<p><col><b>Whale bird</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Any one of several species of large Antarctic petrels which follow
whaling vessels, to feed on the blubber and floating oil; especially,
<i>Prion turtur</i> (called also <i>blue petrel</i>), and <i>Pseudoprion
desolatus</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The turnstone; -- so called
because it lives on the carcasses of whales.</cd> [Canada] -- <col><b>Whale
fin</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>whalebone.</cd> <i>Simmonds.</i> --
<col><b>Whale fishery</b></col>, <cd>the fishing for, or occupation of
taking, whales.</cd> -- <col><b>Whale louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of degraded amphipod crustaceans belonging
to the genus <i>Cyamus</i>, especially <i>C. ceti</i>. They are parasitic
on various cetaceans.</cd> -- <col><b>Whale's bone</b></col>,
<cd>ivory.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Whale shark</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The basking, or liver,
shark.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A very large harmless shark
(<i>Rhinodon typicus</i>) native of the Indian Ocean. It sometimes becomes
sixty feet long.</cd> -- <col><b>Whale shot</b></col>, <cd>the name
formerly given to spermaceti.</cd> -- <col><b>Whale's tongue</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a balanoglossus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whale"boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A
long, narrow boat, sharp at both ends, used by whalemen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whale"bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A firm, elastic
substance resembling horn, taken from the upper jaw of the right whale;
baleen. It is used as a stiffening in stays, fans, screens, and for various
other purposes.  See <u>Baleen</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Whalebone is chiefly obtained from the bowhead, or Greenland,
whale, the Biscay whale, and the Antarctic, or southern, whale. It is
prepared for manufacture by being softened by boiling, and dyed black.</p>

<p><hw>Whale"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Whalemen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man employed in the whale
fishery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vessel or person
employed in the whale fishery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whal"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who whales, or beats; a
big, strong fellow; hence, anything of great or unusual size.</def>
[Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Whal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The hunting of
whales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whal"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or employed
in, the pursuit of whales; as, a <i>whaling</i> voyage; a <i>whaling</i>
vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wall-eye</u>.] <def>A
light color of the iris in horses; wall-eye.</def>  [Written also
<i>whaul</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Whall"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the iris of light
color; -- said of horses.</def>  "<i>Whally</i> eyes."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whame</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
breeze fly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wham"mel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Whelm</u>.]
<def>To turn over.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whan</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>When.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Thong</u>.] <def>A
leather thong.</def>  [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Whang</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To beat.</def>  [Prov. Eng.
& Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Whang*hee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Wanghee</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Whap</hw> (?), <hw>Whop</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. OE.
<i>quappen</i> to palpitate, E. <i>quob</i>, <i>quaver</i>, <i>wabble</i>,
<i>awhape</i>, <i>wap</i>.] <def>To throw one's self quickly, or by an
abrupt motion; to turn suddenly; as, she <i>whapped</i> down on the floor;
the fish <i>whapped</i> over.</def>  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word is used adverbially in the north of England, as in the
United States, when anything vanishes, or is gone suddenly; as, <i>whap</i>
went the cigar out of my mouth.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Whap</hw>, <hw>Whop</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Whapped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whapping</u>.] <def>To beat or strike.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Whap</hw>, <hw>Whop</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blow, or
quick, smart stroke.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Whap"per</hw> (?), <hw>Whop"per</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Whap</u>.] <def>Something uncommonly large of the kind; something
astonishing; -- applied especially to a bold lie.</def>  [Colloq.]
</p>

<p>{ <hw>Whap"ping</hw> (?), <hw>Whop"ping</hw>  }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Very large; monstrous; astonishing; as, a <i>whapping</i> story.</def>
[Colloq.]
</p>

<p><hw>Wharf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Wharfs</b></plw> (#) or <plw><b>Wharves</b></plw> (#). [AS.
<i>hwerf</i>, <i>hwearf</i>, a returning, a change, from <i>hweorfan</i> to
turn, turn about, go about; akin to D. <i>werf</i> a wharf, G.
<i>werft</i>, Sw. <i>varf</i> a shipbuilder's yard, Dan. <i>verft</i>
wharf, dockyard, G. <i>werben</i> to enlist, to engage, woo, OHG.
<i>werban</i> to turn about, go about, be active or occupied, Icel.
<i>hverfa</i> to turn, Goth. <i>hwa&iacute;rban</i>, <i>hwarb&omacr;n</i>,
to walk.   Cf. <u>Whirl</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A structure or platform of timber, masonry,
iron, earth, or other material, built on the shore of a harbor, river,
canal, or the like, and usually extending from the shore to deep water, so
that vessels may lie close alongside to receive and discharge cargo,
passengers, etc.; a quay; a pier.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Commerce pushes its <i>wharves</i> into the
sea.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Out upon the <i>wharfs</i> they came,<BR>
Knight and burgher, lord and dame.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The plural of this word is generally written <i>wharves</i> in
the United States, and <i>wharfs</i> in England; but many recent English
writers use <i>wharves</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [AS. <i>hwearf</i>.] <def>The bank of a river, or the
shore of the sea.</def>  [Obs.] "The fat weed that roots itself in ease on
Lethe <i>wharf</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wharf boat</b></col>, <cd>a kind of boat moored at the bank of a
river, and used for a wharf, in places where the height of the water is so
variable that a fixed wharf would be useless.</cd> [U. S.] <i>Bartlett.</i>
-- <col><b>Wharf rat</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The common brown rat.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A neglected boy who
lives around the wharfs.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><! p. 1643 !></p>

<p><hw>Wharf</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wharfed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wharfing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To guard or secure by a firm wall of timber or
stone constructed like a wharf; to furnish with a wharf or
wharfs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place upon a wharf; to bring to a
wharf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wharf"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The fee or duty paid for the privilege of using
a wharf for loading or unloading goods; pierage, collectively;
quayage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wharf or wharfs, collectively;
wharfing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wharf"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wharfs, collectively.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Hydraul. Engin.)</i> <def>A mode of facing sea
walls and embankments with planks driven as piles and secured by
ties.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wharf"in*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>wharfager</i>.]
<def>A man who owns, or has the care of, a wharf.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wharl</hw> (?), <hw>Wharl"ing</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
guttural pronunciation of the letter <i>r</i>; a burr.  See <u>Burr</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A strange, uncouth <i>wharling</i> in their
speech.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wharp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of fine sand from
the banks of the Trent, used as a polishing powder.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>What</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron., a., &amp; adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hw&aelig;t</i>, neuter of <i>hw&amacr;</i> who; akin to OS. <i>hwat</i>
what, OFries. <i>hwet</i>, D. &amp; LG. <i>wat</i>, G. <i>was</i>, OHG.
<i>waz</i>, <i>hwaz</i>, Icel. <i>hvat</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>hvad</i>, Goth.
<i>hwa</i>. &radic;182.  See <u>Who</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>As an interrogative pronoun, used in asking
questions regarding either persons or things; as, <i>what</i> is this?
<i>what</i> did you say? <i>what</i> poem is this? <i>what</i> child is
lost?</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>What</i> see'st thou in the ground?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>What</i> is man, that thou art mindful of
him?</blockquote> <i>Ps. viii. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>What</i> manner of man is this, that even the winds and
the sea obey him!</blockquote> <i>Matt. viii. 27.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Originally, <i>what</i>, <i>when</i>, <i>where</i>, <i>which</i>,
<i>who</i>, <i>why</i>, etc., were interrogatives only, and it is often
difficult to determine whether they are used as interrogatives or
relatives.</p>

<p>   <i>What</i> in this sense, when it refers to things, may be used
either substantively or adjectively; when it refers to persons, it is used
only adjectively with a noun expressed, <i>who</i> being the pronoun used
substantively.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As an exclamatory word: -- <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
Used absolutely or independently; -- often with a question following.</def>
"<i>What</i> welcome be thou."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>What</i>, could ye not watch with me one
hour?</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxvi. 40.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Used adjectively, meaning <i>how
remarkable</i>, or <i>how great</i>; as, <i>what</i> folly! <i>what</i>
eloquence! <i>what</i> courage!</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>What</i> a piece of work is man!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>what</i> a riddle of absurdity!</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>What</i> in this use has <i>a</i> or <i>an</i> between itself
and its noun if the qualitative or quantitative importance of the object is
emphasized.</p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Sometimes prefixed to adjectives in an
adverbial sense, as nearly equivalent to <i>how</i>; as, <i>what</i> happy
boys!</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>What</i> partial judges are our love and
hate!</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>As a relative pronoun</def>: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Used substantively with the antecedent
suppressed, equivalent to <i>that which</i>, or <i>those</i> [persons]
<i>who</i>, or <i>those</i> [things] <i>which</i>; -- called a <i>compound
relative</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With joy beyond <i>what</i> victory bestows.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I'm thinking Captain Lawton will count the noses of
<i>what</i> are left before they see their whaleboats.</blockquote>
<i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>What</i> followed was in perfect harmony with this
beginning.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know well . . . how little you will be disposed to
criticise <i>what</i> comes to you from me.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Used adjectively, equivalent to <i>the</i> . .
. <i>which</i>; <i>the sort</i> or <i>kind of</i> . . . <i>which</i>;
rarely, <i>the</i> . . . <i>on</i>, or <i>at</i>, <i>which</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>See <i>what</i> natures accompany <i>what</i>
colors.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To restrain <i>what</i> power either the devil or any
earthly enemy hath to work us woe.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We know <i>what</i> master laid thy keel,<BR>
<i>What</i> workmen wrought thy ribs of steel.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Used adverbially in a sense corresponding to
the adjectival use; as, he picked <i>what</i> good fruit he saw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Whatever; whatsoever; what thing soever; -- used
indefinitely.</def>  "<i>What</i> after so befall."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether it were the shortness of his foresight, the strength
of his will, . . . or <i>what</i> it was.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Used adverbially, in part; partly; somewhat; --
with a following preposition, especially, <i>with</i>, and commonly with
repetition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>What</i> for lust [pleasure] and <i>what</i> for
lore.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus, <i>what</i> with the war, <i>what</i> with the sweat,
<i>what</i> with the gallows, and <i>what</i> with poverty, I am custom
shrunk.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The year before he had so used the matter that <i>what</i>
by force, <i>what</i> by policy, he had taken from the Christians above
thirty small castles.</blockquote> <i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In such phrases as <i>I tell you what</i>, <i>what</i>
anticipates the following statement, being elliptical for <i>what I
think</i>, <i>what it is</i>, <i>how it is</i>, etc.  "I tell thee
<i>what</i>, corporal Bardolph, I could tear her." <i>Shak.</i>  Here
<i>what</i> relates to the last clause, "I could tear her;"  this is what I
tell you.</p>

<p>   <i>What not</i> is often used at the close of an enumeration of
several particulars or articles, it being an abbreviated clause, the verb
of which, being either the same as that of the principal clause or a
general word, as <i>be</i>, <i>say</i>, <i>mention</i>, <i>enumerate</i>,
etc., is omitted. "Men hunt, hawk, and <i>what not</i>." <i>Becon.</i>
"Some dead puppy, or log, or<i>what not</i>." <i>C. Kingsley.</i> "Battles,
tournaments, hunts, and <i>what not</i>." <i>De Quincey.</i> Hence, the
words are often used in a general sense with the force of a substantive,
equivalent to <i>anything you please</i>, <i>a miscellany</i>, <i>a
variety</i>, etc.  From this arises the name <i>whatnot</i>, applied to an
<i>&eacute;tag&egrave;re</i>, as being a piece of furniture intended for
receiving miscellaneous articles of use or ornament.
</p>

<p>   <i>But what</i> is used for <i>but that</i>, usually after a
negative, and excludes everything contrary to the assertion in the
following sentence. "Her needle is not so absolutely perfect in tent and
cross stitch <i>but what</i> my superintendence is advisable." <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i> "Never fear <i>but what</i> our kite shall fly as high." <i>Ld.
Lytton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>What ho!</b></col> <cd>an exclamation of calling.</cd> --
<col><b>What if</b></col>, <cd>what will it matter if; what will happen or
be the result if.</cd> "<i>What if</i> it be a poison?" <i>Shak.</i> --
<col><b>What of this</b></col>? <col><b>that?</b></col>
<col><b>it?</b></col> etc., <cd>what follows from this, that, it, etc.,
often with the implication that it is of no consequence.</cd>  "All this is
so; but <i>what of this</i>, my lord?" <i>Shak.</i> "The night is spent,
why, <i>what of that</i>?" <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>What though</b></col>,
<cd>even granting that; allowing that; supposing it true that.</cd>
"<i>What though</i> the rose have prickles, yet't is plucked." <i>Shak.</i>
-- <col><b>What time</b></col>, or <col><b>What time as</b></col>,
<cd>when.</cd> [Obs. or Archaic] "<i>What time</i> I am afraid, I will
trust in thee." <i>Ps. lvi. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>What time</i> the morn mysterious visions
brings.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>What</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something; thing;
stuff.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And gave him for to feed,<BR>
Such homely <i>what</i> as serves the simple &?;lown.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>What</hw>, <pos><i>interrog. adv.</i></pos> <def>Why? For what
purpose? On what account?</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>What</i> should I tell the answer of the
knight.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>what</i> do I stand reckoning upon advantages and
gains lost by the misrule and turbulency of the prelates? <i>What</i> do I
pick up so thriftily their scatterings and diminishings of the meaner
subject?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>What*e'er"</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>A contraction of
<i>what-ever</i>; -- used in poetry.</def>  "<i>Whate'er</i> is in his
way."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>What*ev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>Anything soever
which; the thing or things of any kind; being this or that; of one nature
or another; one thing or another; anything that may be; all that; the whole
that; all particulars that; -- used both substantively and
adjectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whatever</i> fortune stays from his word.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whatever</i> Earth, all-bearing mother,
yields.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whatever</i> be its intrinsic value.</blockquote> <i>J.
H. Newman.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Whatever</i> often follows a noun, being used elliptically.
"There being no room for any physical discovery <i>whatever</i>"
[<i>sc.</i> it may be].  <i>Whately.</i></p>

<p><hw>What"not</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See the Note under
<u>What</u>, <i>pron</i>., 5.] <def>A kind of stand, or piece of furniture,
having shelves for books, ornaments, etc.; an
&eacute;tag&egrave;re.</def></p>

<p><hw>What"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>indef. pron.</i></pos> <def>Whatsoever;
whosoever; whatever; anything that.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whatso</i> he were, of high or low estate.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whatso</i> the heaven in his wide vault
contains.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>What`so*e'er"</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>A contraction
of <i>whatsoever</i>; -- used in poetry.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>What`so*ev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron. &amp; a.</i></pos>
<def>Whatever.</def>  "In <i>whatsoever</i> shape he lurk."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whatsoever</i> God hath said unto thee, do.</blockquote>
<i>Gen. xxxi. 16.  </i></p>

<p>&fist; The word is sometimes divided by tmesis. "<i>What</i> things
<i>soever</i> ye desire."  <i>Mark xi. 24.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whaul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Whall</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whaup</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Whaap</u>.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wheal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>whele</i>, AS.
<i>hwele</i> putrefaction, <i>hwelian</i> to putrefy.] <def>A pustule; a
whelk.</def>  <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wheal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Wale</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A more or less elongated mark raised by a
stroke; also, a similar mark made by any cause; a weal; a wale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Specifically <i>(Med.)</i>, a flat, burning or
itching eminence on the skin, such as is produced by a mosquito bite, or in
urticaria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cornish <i>hwel</i>.]
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>A mine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheal"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The harvest mite; -- so called from the <i>wheals</i>, caused by its
bite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheat</hw> (hw&emacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>whete</i>, AS.
<i>hw&aemacr;te</i>; akin to OS. <i>hw&emacr;ti</i>, D. <i>weit</i>, G.
<i>weizen</i>, OHG. <i>weizzi</i>, Icel. <i>hveiti</i>, Sw. <i>hvete</i>,
Dan. <i>hvede</i>, Goth. <i>hwaiteis</i>, and E. <i>white</i>.  See
<u>White</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cereal grass (<i>Triticum vulgare</i>)
and its grain, which furnishes a white flour for bread, and, next to rice,
is the grain most largely used by the human race.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Of this grain the varieties are numerous, as red wheat, white
wheat, bald wheat, bearded wheat, winter wheat, summer wheat, and the like.
Wheat is not known to exist as a wild native plant, and all statements as
to its origin are either incorrect or at best only guesses.</p>

<p><col><b>Buck wheat</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Buckwheat</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>German wheat</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See 2d <u>Spelt</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Guinea wheat</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name for Indian corn.</cd> -- <col><b>Indian
wheat</b></col>, or <col><b>Tartary wheat</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
grain (<i>Fagopyrum Tartaricum</i>) much like buckwheat, but only half as
large.</cd> -- <col><b>Turkey wheat</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name for
Indian corn.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheat aphid</b></col>, or <col><b>Wheat
aphis</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of
Aphis and allied genera, which suck the sap of growing wheat.</cd> --
<col><b>Wheat beetle</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A small, slender, rusty brown beetle (<i>Sylvanus Surinamensis</i>)
whose larv&aelig; feed upon wheat, rice, and other grains.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A very small, reddish brown, oval beetle
(<i>Anobium paniceum</i>) whose larv&aelig; eat the interior of grains of
wheat.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheat duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
American widgeon.</cd> [Western U. S.] -- <col><b>Wheat fly</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Wheat midge</i>, below.</cd> --
<col><b>Wheat grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of grass
(<i>Agropyrum caninum</i>) somewhat resembling wheat. It grows in the
northern parts of Europe and America.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheat
jointworm</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Jointworm</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wheat louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any wheat
aphid.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheat maggot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
larva of a wheat midge.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheat midge</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A small two-winged fly
(<i>Diplosis tritici</i>) which is very destructive to growing wheat, both
in Europe and America. The female lays her eggs in the flowers of wheat,
and the larv&aelig; suck the juice of the young kernels and when full grown
change to pup&aelig; in the earth.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The Hessian
fly.  See under <u>Hessian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheat moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any moth whose larv&aelig; devour the grains of
wheat, chiefly after it is harvested; a grain moth.  See <u>Angoumois
Moth</u>, also <i>Grain moth</i>, under <u>Grain</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheat
thief</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>gromwell; -- so called because it is a
troublesome weed in wheat fields.  See <u>Gromwell</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wheat thrips</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small brown
thrips (<i>Thrips cerealium</i>) which is very injurious to the grains of
growing wheat.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheat weevil</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The grain weevil.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
rice weevil when found in wheat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wheat"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A bird that feeds on wheat, especially the chaffinch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheat"ear`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
small European singing bird (<i>Saxicola &oelig;nanthe</i>). The male is
white beneath, bluish gray above, with black wings and a black stripe
through each eye. The tail is black at the tip and in the middle, but white
at the base and on each side. Called also <i>checkbird</i>,
<i>chickell</i>, <i>dykehopper</i>, <i>fallow chat</i>, <i>fallow
finch</i>, <i>stonechat</i>, and <i>whitetail</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheat"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hw&aelig;ten</i>.]
<def>Made of wheat; as, <i>wheaten</i> bread.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wheat"sel bird`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The male of the
chaffinch.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wheat"stone's bridge`</hw> (?). <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Bridge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheat"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small nematode worm (<i>Anguillula tritici</i>) which attacks the
grains of wheat in the ear. It is found in wheat affected with smut, each
of the diseased grains containing a large number of the minute young of the
worm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whed"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron. &amp; conj.</i></pos>
<def>Whether.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Whee"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wheedled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wheedling</u> (?).] [Cf. G. <i>wedeln</i> to wag with the tail, as a
dog, <i>wedel</i> a fan, tail, brush, OHG. <i>wadal</i>; akin to G.
<i>wehen</i> to blow, and E. <i>wind</i>, n.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To entice by soft words; to cajole; to flatter;
to coax.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The unlucky art of <i>wheedling</i> fools.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>wheedle</i> a world that loves him not.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To grain, or get away, by flattery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A deed of settlement of the best part of her estate, which I
<i>wheedled</i> out of her.</blockquote> <i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whee"dle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To flatter; to coax; to
cajole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wheel</i>,
<i>hweol</i>, AS. <i>hwe&oacute;l</i>, <i>hweogul</i>, <i>hweowol</i>; akin
to D. <i>wiel</i>, Icel. <i>hv&emacr;l</i>, Gr. <grk>ky`klos</grk>, Skr.
<i>cakra</i>; cf. Icel. <i>hj&omacr;l</i>, Dan. <i>hiul</i>, Sw.
<i>hjul</i>. &radic;218.  Cf. <u>Cycle</u>, <u>Cyclopedia</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A circular frame turning about an axis; a
rotating disk, whether solid, or a frame composed of an outer rim, spokes
or radii, and a central hub or nave, in which is inserted the axle, -- used
for supporting and conveying vehicles, in machinery, and for various
purposes; as, the <i>wheel</i> of a wagon, of a locomotive, of a mill, of a
watch, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The gasping charioteer beneath the <i>wheel</i><BR>
Of his own car.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any instrument having the form of, or chiefly
consisting of, a wheel.</def>  Specifically: --</p>

<p><sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A spinning wheel.  See under
<u>Spinning</u>.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument of torture formerly
used.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His examination is like that which is made by the rack and
<i>wheel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This mode of torture is said to have been first employed in
Germany, in the fourteenth century. The criminal was laid on a cart wheel
with his legs and arms extended, and his limbs in that posture were
fractured with an iron bar. In France, where its use was restricted to the
most atrocious crimes, the criminal was first laid on a frame of wood in
the form of a St. Andrew's cross, with grooves cut transversely in it above
and below the knees and elbows, and the executioner struck eight blows with
an iron bar, so as to break the limbs in those places, sometimes finishing
by two or three blows on the chest or stomach, which usually put an end to
the life of the criminal, and were hence called <i>coups-de-grace</i> --
blows of mercy. The criminal was then unbound, and laid on a small wheel,
with his face upward, and his arms and legs doubled under him, there to
expire, if he had survived the previous treatment.  <i>Brande.</i>
</p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A circular frame having handles
on the periphery, and an axle which is so connected with the tiller as to
form a means of controlling the rudder for the purpose of
steering.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Pottery)</i> <def>A potter's wheel.  See under
<u>Potter</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then I went down to the potter's house, and, behold, he
wrought a work on the <i>wheels</i>.</blockquote> <i>Jer. xviii. 3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Turn, turn, my <i>wheel</i>! This earthen jar<BR>
A touch can make, a touch can mar.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Pyrotechny)</i> <def>A firework which, while
burning, is caused to revolve on an axis by the reaction of the escaping
gases.</def></p>

<p><sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Poetry)</i> <def>The burden or refrain of a
song.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "This meaning has a low degree of authority, but is supposed from
the context in the few cases where the word is found."  <i>Nares.</i>
</p>

<p><blockquote>You must sing a-down a-down,<BR>
An you call him a-down-a.<BR>
O, how the <i>wheel</i> becomes it!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1644 !></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bicycle or a tricycle; a velocipede.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A rolling or revolving body; anything of a
circular form; a disk; an orb.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A turn revolution; rotation; compass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>According to the common vicissitude and <i>wheel</i> of
things, the proud and the insolent, after long trampling upon others, come
at length to be trampled upon themselves.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] throws his steep flight in many an a&euml;ry
<i>wheel</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>A wheel within a wheel</b></col>, or <col><b>Wheels within
wheels</b></col>, <cd>a complication of circumstances, motives, etc.</cd> -
- <col><b>Balance wheel</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocab.</cd> --
<col><b>Bevel wheel</b></col>, <col><b>Brake wheel</b></col>, <col><b>Cam
wheel</b></col>, <col><b>Fifth wheel</b></col>, <col><b>Overshot
wheel</b></col>, <col><b>Spinning wheel</b></col>, etc. <cd>See under
<u>Bevel</u>, <u>Brake</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Core wheel</b></col>.
<i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A mortise gear.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A wheel having a rim perforated to receive wooden
cogs; the skeleton of a mortise gear.</cd> -- <col><b>Measuring
wheel</b></col>, <cd>an odometer, or perambulator.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel
and axle</b></col> <i>(Mech.)</i>, <cd>one of the elementary machines or
mechanical powers, consisting of a wheel fixed to an axle, and used for
raising great weights, by applying the power to the circumference of the
wheel, and attaching the weight, by a rope or chain, to that of the axle.
Called also <i>axis in peritrochio</i>, and <i>perpetual lever</i>, -- the
principle of equilibrium involved being the same as in the lever, while its
action is continuous.  See <i>Mechanical powers</i>, under
<u>Mechanical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel animal</b></col>, <i>or</i>
<col><b>Wheel animalcule</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
numerous species of rotifers having a ciliated disk at the anterior
end.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel barometer</b></col>. <i>(Physics)</i> <cd>See
under <u>Barometer</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel boat</b></col>, <cd>a boat
with wheels, to be used either on water or upon inclined planes or
railways.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel bug</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
large North American hemipterous insect (<i>Prionidus cristatus</i>) which
sucks the blood of other insects. So named from the curious shape of the
prothorax.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel carriage</b></col>, <cd>a carriage moving
on wheels.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel chains</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Wheel
ropes</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the chains or ropes connecting the
wheel and rudder.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel cutter</b></col>, <cd>a machine for
shaping the cogs of gear wheels; a gear cutter.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel
horse</b></col>, <cd>one of the horses nearest to the wheels, as opposed to
a leader, or forward horse; -- called also <i>wheeler</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wheel lathe</b></col>, <cd>a lathe for turning railway-car
wheels.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel lock</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
letter lock.  See under <u>Letter</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A kind
of gunlock in which sparks were struck from a flint, or piece of iron
pyrites, by a revolving wheel.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of brake
a carriage.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel ore</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a
variety of bournonite so named from the shape of its twin crystals.  See
<u>Bournonite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel pit</b></col> <i>(Steam
Engine)</i>, <cd>a pit in the ground, in which the lower part of the fly
wheel runs.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel plow</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Wheel
plough</b></col>, <cd>a plow having one or two wheels attached, to render
it more steady, and to regulate the depth of the furrow.</cd> --
<col><b>Wheel press</b></col>, <cd>a press by which railway-car wheels are
forced on, or off, their axles.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel race</b></col>,
<cd>the place in which a water wheel is set.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel
rope</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a tiller rope.  See under
<u>Tiller</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel stitch</b></col> <i>(Needlework)</i>,
<cd>a stitch resembling a spider's web, worked into the material, and not
over an open space.</cd> <i>Caulfeild &amp; S. (Dict. of Needlework).</i> --
<col><b>Wheel tree</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tree (<i>Aspidosperma
excelsum</i>) of Guiana, which has a trunk so curiously fluted that a
transverse section resembles the hub and spokes of a coarsely made wheel.
See <u>Paddlewood</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel urchin</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any sea urchin of the genus <i>Rotula</i> having a
round, flat shell.</cd> -- <col><b>Wheel window</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>a circular window having radiating mullions arranged like the spokes of
a wheel.  Cf. <i>Rose window</i>, under <u>Rose</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wheel</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wheeled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wheeling</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To convey on wheels, or in a wheeled vehicle;
as, to <i>wheel</i> a load of hay or wood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put into a rotatory motion; to cause to turn
or revolve; to cause to gyrate; to make or perform in a circle.</def>  "The
beetle <i>wheels</i> her droning flight."  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now heaven, in all her glory, shone, and rolled<BR>
Her motions, as the great first mover's hand<BR>
First <i>wheeled</i> their course.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wheel</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn on an axis, or as on an axis; to
revolve; to more about; to rotate; to gyrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The moon carried about the earth always shows the same<BR>
face to us, not once <i>wheeling</i> upon her own center.</blockquote>
<i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change direction, as if revolving upon an
axis or pivot; to turn; as, the troops <i>wheeled</i> to the
right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Being able to advance no further, they are in a fair way
to<BR>
<i>wheel</i> about to the other extreme.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go round in a circuit; to fetch a
compass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then <i>wheeling</i> down the steep of heaven he
flies.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To roll forward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thunder mixed with hail,<BR>
Hail mixed with fire, must rend the Egyptian sky,<BR>
And <i>wheel</i> on the earth, devouring where it rolls.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wheel"band`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The tire of a
wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel"bar`row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light vehicle
for conveying small loads. It has two handles and one wheel, and is rolled
by a single person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European goatsucker.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wheeled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having wheels; -- used
chiefly in composition; as, a four-<i>wheeled</i> carriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who wheels, or turns.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A maker of wheels; a wheelwright.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A wheel horse.  See under
<u>Wheel</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A steam vessel propelled by a
paddle wheel or by paddle wheels; -- used chiefly in the terms <i>side-
wheeler</i> and <i>stern-wheeler</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A worker on sewed muslin.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European
goatsucker.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wheel"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small house on or above a vessel's deck,
containing the steering wheel.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def> A paddle
box.  See under <u>Paddle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of conveying anything, or traveling, on
wheels, or in a wheeled vehicle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or practice of using a cycle;
cycling.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Condition of a road or roads, which admits of
passing on wheels; as, it is good <i>wheeling</i>, or bad
<i>wheeling</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A turning, or circular movement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Wheelmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who rides a bicycle or tricycle;
a cycler, or cyclist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Shaped like a wheel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Expanding into a flat, circular
border at top, with scarcely any tube; as, a <i>wheel-shaped</i>
corolla.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel"swarf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Swarf</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A
combination of wheels, and their connection, in a machine or
mechanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel"-worn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worn by the action
of wheels; as, a <i>wheel-worn</i> road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel"wright`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man whose
occupation is to make or repair wheels and wheeled vehicles, as carts,
wagons, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Circular; suitable to
rotation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>hw&?;ne</i>,
<i>hw&?;ne</i>, a little, somewhat, <i>hw&?;n</i> little, few.] <def>A
quantity; a goodly number.</def>  [Scot.] "A <i>wheen</i> other dogs."
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wheeze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wheezed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wheezing</u>.] [OE. <i>whesen</i>, AS. <i>hw</i>&?;<i>san</i> (cf. Icel.
<i>hv&aelig;sa</i> to hiss, Sw. <i>hv&auml;sa</i>, Dan.
<i>hv&aelig;se</i>); akin to AS. <i>hw</i>&?;<i>sta</i> a cough, D.
<i>hoest</i>, G. <i>husten</i>, OHG. <i>huosto</i>, Icel. <i>h&?;sti</i>,
Lith. <i>kosti</i> to cough, Skr. <i>k&?;s</i>. &radic;43.  Cf.
<u>Husky</u> hoarse.] <def>To breathe hard, and with an audible piping or
whistling sound, as persons affected with asthma.</def>  "<i>Wheezing</i>
lungs."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wheeze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piping
or whistling sound caused by difficult respiration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>An ordinary whisper exaggerated
so as to produce the hoarse sound known as the  "stage whisper." It is a
forcible whisper with some admixture of tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheez"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Breathing with
difficulty and with a wheeze; wheezing. Used also figuratively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Waft</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whelk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>welk</i>, <i>wilk</i>,
AS. <i>weoloc</i>, <i>weloc</i>, <i>wiloc</i>.  Cf. <u>Whilk</u>, and
<u>Wilk</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one numerous species of large
marine gastropods belonging to <i>Buccinum</i> and allied genera;
especially, <i>Buccinum undatum</i>, common on the coasts both of Europe
and North America, and much used as food in Europe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Whelk tingle</b></col>, <cd>a dog whelk.  See under
<u>Dog</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whelk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>whelke</i>, dim. of
<i>whele</i>.  See <u>Wheal</u> a pustule.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A papule; a pustule; acne.</def>  "His
<i>whelks</i> white."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A stripe or mark; a ridge; a wale.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chin whelk</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>sycosis.</cd> --
<col><b>Rosy whelk</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>grog blossom.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whelked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having whelks; whelky;
as, <i>whelked</i> horns.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whelk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having whelks, ridges, or protuberances; hence,
streaked; striated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Shelly.</def>  "<i>Whelky</i> pearls."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whelm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whelmed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whelming</u>.] [OE. <i>whelmen</i> to turn over, akin to OE.
<i>whelven</i>, AS. <i>whelfan</i>, <i>hwylfan</i>, in <i>&?;whylfan</i>,
<i>&?;whelfan</i>, to overwhelm, cover over; akin to OS. <i>bihwelbian</i>,
D. <i>welven</i> to arch, G. <i>w&ouml;lben</i>, OHG. <i>welben</i>, Icel.
<i>hvelfa</i> to overturn; cf. Gr. &?; bosom, a hollow, a gulf.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cover with water or other fluid; to cover by
immersion in something that envelops on all sides; to overwhelm; to
ingulf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She is my prize, or ocean <i>whelm</i> them
all!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>whelming</i> billow and the faithless
oar.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: To cover completely, as if with water; to
immerse; to overcome; as, to <i>whelm</i> one in sorrows.</def>  "The
<i>whelming</i> weight of crime."  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To throw (something) over a thing so as to cover
it.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Mortimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whelp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hwelp</i>; akin to D.
<i>welp</i>, G. &amp; OHG. <i>welf</i>, Icel. <i>hvelpr</i>, Dan. <i>hvalp</i>,
Sw. <i>valp</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the young of a dog or a beast of prey; a
puppy; a cub; as, a lion's <i>whelps</i>.</def>  "A bear robbed of her
<i>whelps</i>."  <i>2 Sam. xvii. 8.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A child; a youth; -- jocosely or in
contempt.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That awkward <i>whelp</i> with his money bags would have
made his entrance.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of the longitudinal ribs or
ridges on the barrel of a capstan or a windless; -- usually in the plural;
as, the <i>whelps</i> of a windlass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One of the teeth of a sprocket wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whelp</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Whelped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Whelping</u>.]
<def>To bring forth young; -- said of the female of the dog and some beasts
of prey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whelp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To bring forth, as cubs or
young; to give birth to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unless she had <i>whelped</i> it herself, she could not have
loved a thing better.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Did thy foul fancy <i>whelp</i> so black a
scheme?</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>When</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>when</i>, <i>whan</i>,
<i>whenne</i>, <i>whanne</i>, AS. <i>hw&aelig;nne</i>, <i>hwanne</i>,
<i>hwonne</i>; akin to OS. <i>hwan</i>, OD. <i>wan</i>, OHG. <i>wanne</i>,
G. <i>wann</i> when, <i>wenn</i> if, when, Goth. <i>hwan</i> when, and to
E. <i>who</i>. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Who</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At what time; -- used interrogatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>When</i> shall these things be?</blockquote> <i>Matt.
xxiv. 3.</i></p>

<p>&fist; See the Note under <u>What</u>, <i>pron</i>., 1.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At what time; at, during, or after the time
that; at or just after, the moment that; -- used relatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Kings may<BR>
Take their advantage <i>when</i> and how they list.</blockquote>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Book lore ne'er served, <i>when</i> trial came,<BR>
Nor gifts, <i>when</i> faith was dead.</blockquote> <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>While; whereas; although; -- used in the manner
of a conjunction to introduce a dependent adverbial sentence or clause,
having a causal, conditional, or adversative relation to the principal
proposition; as, he chose to turn highwayman <i>when</i> he might have
continued an honest man; he removed the tree <i>when</i> it was the best in
the grounds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Which time; then; -- used elliptically as a
noun.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was adopted heir by his consent;<BR>
Since <i>when</i>, his oath is broke.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>When</i> was formerly used as an exclamation of surprise or
impatience, like <i>what</i>!</p>

<p><blockquote>Come hither; mend my ruff:<BR>
Here, <i>when</i>! thou art such a tedious lady!</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><col><b>When as</b></col>, <col><b>When that</b></col>, <cd>at the time
that; when.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>When as</i> sacred light began to dawn.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>When that</i> mine eye is famished for a
look.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>When"as`</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Whereas; while</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whenas</i>, if they would inquire into themselves, they
would find no such matter.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whence</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>whennes</i>,
<i>whens</i> (with adverbial <i>s</i>, properly a genitive ending; -- see
<u>-wards</u>), also <i>whenne</i>, <i>whanene</i>, AS. <i>hwanan</i>,
<i>hwanon</i>, <i>hwonan</i>, <i>hwanone</i>; akin to D. <i>when</i>.  See
<u>When</u>, and cf. <u>Hence</u>, <u>Thence</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>From what place; hence, from what or which
source, origin, antecedent, premise, or the like; how; -- used
interrogatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whence</i> hath this man this wisdom?</blockquote>
<i>Matt. xiii. 54.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whence</i> and what art thou?</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>From what or which place, source, material,
cause, etc.; the place, source, etc., from which; -- used
relatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Grateful to acknowledge <i>whence</i> his good<BR>
Descends.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; All the words of this class, <i>whence</i>, <i>where</i>,
<i>whither</i>, <i>whereabouts</i>, etc., are occasionally used as pronouns
by a harsh construction.</p>

<p><blockquote>O, how unlike the place from <i>whence</i> they
fell?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i>
</p>

<p>&fist; <i>From whence</i>, though a pleonasm, is fully authorized by the
use of good writers.</p>

<p><blockquote><i>From whence</i> come wars and fightings among
you?</blockquote> <i>James iv. 1.</i></p>

<p><i>Of whence</i>, also a pleonasm, has become obsolete.</p>

<p><hw>Whence*ev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos>
<def>Whencesoever.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Whence`forth"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>From, or forth
from, what or which place; whence.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whence`so*ev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos> <def>From
what place soever; from what cause or source soever.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Any idea, <i>whencesoever</i> we have it.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>When*e'er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos>
<def>Whenever.</def></p>

<p><hw>When*ev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos> <def>At whatever
time.</def>  "<i>Whenever</i> that shall be."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>When"nes</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Whence.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>When`so*ev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos> <def>At what
time soever; at whatever time; whenever.</def>  <i>Mark xiv. 7.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wher</hw> (?), <hw>Where</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>pron. &amp; conj.</i></pos>
[See <u>Whether</u>.] <def>Whether.</def>  [Sometimes written
<i>whe'r</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men must enquire (this is mine assent),<BR>
<i>Wher</i> she be wise or sober or dronkelewe.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wher</i>,
<i>whar</i>, AS. <i>hw&?;r</i>; akin to D. <i>waar</i>, OS. <i>hw&?;r</i>,
OHG. <i>hw&amacr;r</i>, <i>w&amacr;r</i>, <i>w&amacr;</i>, G. <i>wo</i>,
Icel. and Sw. <i>hvar</i>, Dan. <i>hvor</i>, Goth. <i>hwar</i>, and E.
<i>who</i>; cf. Skr. <i>karhi</i> when. &radic;182.  See <u>Who</u>, and
cf. <u>There</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At or in what place; hence, in what situation,
position, or circumstances; -- used interrogatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God called unto Adam, . . . <i>Where</i> art
thou?</blockquote> <i>Gen. iii. 9.</i></p>

<p>&fist; See the Note under <u>What</u>, <i>pron</i>., 1.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At or in which place; at the place in which;
hence, in the case or instance in which; -- used relatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She visited that place <i>where</i> first she was so
happy.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Where</i> I thought the remnant of mine age<BR>
Should have been cherished by her childlike duty.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Where</i> one on his side fights, thousands will
fly.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>where</i> he rode one mile, the dwarf ran
four.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To what or which place; hence, to what goal,
result, or issue; whither; -- used interrogatively and relatively; as,
<i>where</i> are you going?</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>where</i> does this tend?</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lodged in sunny cleft,<BR>
<i>Where</i> the gold breezes come not.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Where</i> is often used pronominally with or without a
preposition, in elliptical sentences for a <i>place in which</i>, <i>the
place in which</i>, or <i>what place</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>The star . . . stood over <i>where</i> the young child
was.</blockquote> <i>Matt. ii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Son of man hath not <i>where</i> to lay his
head.</blockquote> <i>Matt. viii. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Within about twenty paces of <i>where</i> we
were.</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Where</i> did the minstrels come from?</blockquote>
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Where</i> is much used in composition with preposition, and
then is equivalent to a pronoun.  Cf. <u>Whereat</u>, <u>Whereby</u>,
<u>Wherefore</u>, <u>Wherein</u>, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Where away</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>in what direction; as,
<i>where away</i> is the land?</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Whither</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Where</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Whereas.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And flight and die is death destroying death;<BR>
<i>Where</i> fearing dying pays death servile breath.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Place; situation.</def>  [Obs.
or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Finding the nymph asleep in secret
<i>where</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Where"a*bout`</hw> (?), <hw>Where"a*bouts`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>About where; near what or which place; -- used
interrogatively and relatively; as, <i>whereabouts</i> did you meet
him?</def></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, <i>whereabouts</i> is the common form.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Concerning which; about which.</def>  "The
object <i>whereabout</i> they are conversant."  <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1645 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Where"a*bout`</hw> (?), <hw>Where"a*bouts`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The place where a person or thing is; as, they
did not know his <i>whereabouts</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A puzzling notice of thy <i>whereabout</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where*as"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At which place;
where.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At last they came <i>whereas</i> that lady
bode.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where*as"</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Considering that; it being the case that; since;
-- used to introduce a preamble which is the basis of declarations,
affirmations, commands, requests, or like, that follow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>When in fact; while on the contrary; the case
being in truth that; although; -- implying opposition to something that
precedes; or implying recognition of facts, sometimes followed by a
different statement, and sometimes by inferences or something
consequent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Are not those found to be the greatest zealots who are most
notoriously ignorant? <i>whereas</i> true zeal should always begin with
true knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where*at"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>At which; upon which; whereupon; -- used
relatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They vote; <i>whereat</i> his speech he thus
renews.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whereat</i> he was no less angry and ashamed than
desirous to obey Zelmane.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At what; -- used interrogatively; as,
<i>whereat</i> are you offended?</def></p>

<p><hw>Where*by"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>By which; -- used relatively.</def>  "You take
my life when you take the means <i>whereby</i> I life."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>By what; how; -- used interrogatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whereby</i> shall I know this?</blockquote> <i>Luke i.
18.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wher*e'er"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Wherever; -- a
contracted and poetical form.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where"fore</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; conj.</i></pos> [<i>Where</i> +
<i>for</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>For which reason; so; -- used
relatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wherefore</i> by their fruits ye shall know
them.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vii. 20.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>For what reason; why; -- used
interrogatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>wherefore</i> that I tell my tale.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wherefore</i> didst thou doubt?</blockquote> <i>Matt.
xiv. 31.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where"fore</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>the reason why.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Where*form"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Where</i> +
<i>from</i>.] <def>From which; from which or what place.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where*in"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In which; in which place, thing, time, respect,
or the like; -- used relatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her clothes <i>wherein</i> she was clad.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are times <i>wherein</i> a man ought to be cautious as
well as innocent.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In what; -- used interrogatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet ye say, <i>Wherein</i> have we wearied him!</blockquote>
<i>Mal. ii. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where`in*to"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Into which; -- used relatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where is that palace <i>whereinto</i> foul things<BR>
Sometimes intrude not?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The brook, <i>whereinto</i> he loved to look.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Into what; -- used interrogatively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Where"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of having a place; ubiety; situation; position.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A point hath no dimensions, but only a <i>whereness</i>, and
is next to nothing.</blockquote> <i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where*of"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of which; of whom; formerly, also, with which; -
- used relatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I do not find the certain numbers <i>whereof</i> their
armies did consist.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let it work like Borgias' wine,<BR>
<i>Whereof</i> his sire, the pope, was poisoned.</blockquote>
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Edward's seven sons, <i>whereof</i> thyself art
one.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of what; -- used interrogatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whereof</i> was the house built?</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where*on"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On which; -- used relatively; as, the earth
<i>whereon</i> we live.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O fair foundation laid <i>whereon</i> to build.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>On what; -- used interrogatively; as,
<i>whereon</i> do we stand?</def></p>

<p><hw>Where*out"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Out of which.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The cleft <i>whereout</i> the lightning
breaketh.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Wheresoever.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Where`so*e'er"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Wheresoever.</def>  [Poetic]  "<i>Wheresoe'er</i> they rove."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where`so*ev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In what place
soever; in whatever place; wherever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Where*through"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Through
which.</def>  [R.] "<i>Wherethrough</i> that I may know."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Windows . . . <i>wherethrough</i> the sun<BR>
Delights to peep, to gaze therein on thee.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where*to"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To which; -- used relatively.</def>
"<i>Whereto</i> we have already attained."  <i>Phil. iii. 16.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whereto</i> all bonds do tie me day by day.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To what; to what end; -- used
interrogatively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Where`un*to"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Whereto</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Where`up*on"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Upon which; in
consequence of which; after which.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The townsmen mutinied and sent to Essex; <i>whereupon</i> he
came thither.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wher*ev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>At or in whatever
place; wheresoever.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He can not but love virtue <i>wherever</i> it
is.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where*with"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With which; -- used relatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The love <i>wherewith</i> thou hast loved me.</blockquote>
<i>John xvii. 26.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>With what; -- used interrogatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wherewith</i> shall I save Israel?</blockquote> <i>Judg.
vi. 15.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where*with"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The necessary means or
instrument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So shall I have <i>wherewith</i> to answer him.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. cxix. 42.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>wherewith</i> to meet excessive loss by
radiation.</blockquote> <i>H. Spencer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Where`with*al"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv. &amp; n.</i></pos>
<def>Wherewith.</def>  "<i>Wherewithal</i> shall we be clothed?"  <i>Matt.
vi. 31.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wherewithal</i> shall a young man cleanse his
way?</blockquote> <i>Ps. cxix. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[The builders of Babel], still with vain design,<BR>
New Babels, had they <i>wherewithal</i>, would build.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wher"ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Whir</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hurry; to trouble; to tease.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Bickerstaff.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To box (one) on the ear; to strike or box (the
ear); as, to <i>wherret</i> a child.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wher"ret</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A box on the ear.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wher"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Wherries</b></plw> (#). [Cf. Icel. <i>hverfr</i> shifty, crank,
<i>hverfa</i> to turn, E. <i>whirl</i>, <i>wharf</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A passenger barge or lighter plying on rivers;
also, a kind of light, half-decked vessel used in fishing.</def>  [Eng.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A long, narrow, light boat, sharp at both ends,
for fast rowing or sailing; esp., a racing boat rowed by one person with
sculls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wher"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>chwerw</i> bitter.]
<def>A liquor made from the pulp of crab apples after the verjuice is
expressed; -- sometimes called <i>crab wherry</i>.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wher"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Wheresoever.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whetted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whetting</u>.] [AS. <i>hwettan</i>; akin to D. <i>wetten</i>, G.
<i>wetzen</i>, OHG. <i>wezzen</i>, Icel. <i>hvetja</i>, Sw.
<i>v&auml;ttja</i>, and AS. <i>hw&aelig;t</i> vigorous, brave, OS.
<i>hwat</i>, OHG. <i>waz</i>, <i>was</i>, sharp, Icel. <i>hvatr</i>, bold,
active, Sw. <i>hvass</i> sharp, Dan. <i>hvas</i>, Goth. <i>hwassaba</i>
sharply, and probably to Skr. <i>cud</i> to impel, urge on.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub or on with some substance, as a piece of
stone, for the purpose of sharpening; to sharpen by attrition; as, to
<i>whet</i> a knife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mower <i>whets</i> his scythe.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here roams the wolf, the eagle <i>whets</i> his
beak.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make sharp, keen, or eager; to excite; to
stimulate; as, to <i>whet</i> the appetite or the courage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since Cassius first did <i>whet</i> me against
C&aelig;sar,<BR>
I have not slept.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To whet on</b></col>, <col><b>To whet forward</b></col>, <cd>to
urge on or forward; to instigate.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of whetting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which whets or sharpens; esp., an
appetizer.</def>  "Sips, drams, and <i>whets</i>."  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Whet slate</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a variety of slate used
for sharpening cutting instruments; novaculite; -- called also <i>whetstone
slate</i>, and <i>oilstone</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wheth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [OE. <i>whether</i>, AS.
<i>hw&aelig;&?;er</i>; akin to OS. <i>hwe&?;ar</i>, OFries. <i>hweder</i>,
OHG. <i>hwedar</i>, <i>wedar</i>, G. <i>weder</i>, conj., neither, Icel.
<i>hv&amacr;rr</i> whether, Goth. <i>hwa&?;ar</i>, Lith. <i>katras</i>, L.
<i>uter</i>, Gr. &?;, &?;, Skr. <i>katara</i>, from the interrogatively
pronoun, in AS. <i>hw&amacr;</i> who. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Who</u>, and
cf. <u>Either</u>, <u>Neither</u>, <u>Or</u>, <i>conj</i>.] <def>Which (of
two); which one (of two); -- used interrogatively and relatively.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now choose yourself <i>whether</i> that you
liketh.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One day in doubt I cast for to compare<BR>
<i>Whether</i> in beauties' glory did exceed.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whether</i> of them twain did the will of his
father?</blockquote> <i>Matt. xxi. 31.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wheth"er</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>In case; if; -- used to
introduce the first or two or more alternative clauses, the other or others
being connected by <i>or</i>, or by <i>or whether</i>. When the second of
two alternatives is the simple negative of the first it is sometimes only
indicated by the particle <i>not</i> or <i>no</i> after the correlative,
and sometimes it is omitted entirely as being distinctly implied in the
<i>whether</i> of the first.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And now who knows<BR>
But you, Lorenzo, <i>whether</i> I am yours?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You have said; but <i>whether</i> wisely or no, let the
forest judge.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For <i>whether</i> we live, we live unto the Lord; and
<i>whether</i> we die, we die unto the Lord; <i>whether</i> we live
therefore, or die, we are the Lord's.</blockquote> <i>Rom. xiv. 8.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>whether</i> thus these things, or <i>whether</i>
not;<BR>
<i>Whether</i> the sun, predominant in heaven,<BR>
Rise on the earth, or earth rise on the sun, . . . <BR>
Solicit not thy thoughts with matters hid.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Whether or no</b></col>, <cd>in either case; in any case; as, I
will go <i>whether or no</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Whether that</b></col>,
<cd>whether.</cd>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wheth"er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The retention of the
afterbirth in cows.</def>  <i>Gardner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whet"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Whitile</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The green woodpecker, or yaffle.  See
<u>Yaffle</u>.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whet"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hwetst&amacr;n</i>.] <def>A piece of stone, natural or artificial, used
for whetting, or sharpening, edge tools.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The dullness of the fools is the <i>whetstone</i> of the
wits.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Diligence is to the understanding as the <i>whetstone</i> to
the razor.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Some <i>whetstones</i> are used dry, others are moistened with
water, or lubricated with oil.</p>

<p><col><b>To give the whetstone</b></col>, <cd>to give a premium for
extravagance in falsehood.</cd>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Whet"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, whets, sharpens, or
stimulates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tippler; one who drinks whets.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Steele.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whet"tle*bones</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The
vertebr&aelig; of the back.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whew</hw> (hw&umacr;), <pos><i>n. &amp; interj.</i></pos> <def>A sound
like a half-formed whistle, expressing astonishment, scorn, or
dislike.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Whew duck</b></col>, <cd>the European widgeon.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whew</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To whistle with a shrill
pipe, like a plover.</def>  [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Whew"ell*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after Prof.
<i>Whewell</i> of Cambridge, England.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Calcium oxalate,
occurring in colorless or white monoclinic crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whew"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. W. <i>chwiwell</i> a
widgeon, <i>chwiws</i> widgeons, waterfowls; or cf. E. <i>whew</i>, v. i.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European widgeon.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hw&aelig;g</i>; cf. D.
<i>wei</i>, <i>hui</i>, Fries. <i>weye</i>, LG. <i>wey</i>, <i>waje</i>. ]
<def>The serum, or watery part, of milk, separated from the more thick or
coagulable part, esp. in the process of making cheese.</def> In this
process, the thick part is called <i>curd</i>, and the thin part
<i>whey</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Whey"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of the nature of, or
containing, whey; resembling whey; wheyish.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whey"face`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is pale, as
from fear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whey"-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a pale or
white face, as from fright.</def>  "<i>Whey-faced</i> cavaliers."
<i>Aytoun.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whey"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat like whey;
wheyey.</def>  <i>J. Philips.</i> -- <wf>Whey"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Which</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [OE. <i>which</i>,
<i>whilk</i>, AS. <i>hwilc</i>, <i>hwylc</i>, <i>hwelc</i>, from the root
of <i>hw&amacr;</i> who + <i>l&imacr;c</i> body; hence properly, of what
sort or kind; akin to OS. <i>hwilik</i> which, OFries. <i>hwelik</i>, D.
<i>welk</i>, G. <i>welch</i>, OHG. <i>wel&imacr;h</i>, <i>hwel&imacr;h</i>,
Icel. <i>hv&imacr;l&imacr;kr</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>hvilken</i>, Goth.
<i>hwileiks</i>, <i>hw</i>&?;<i>leiks</i>; cf. L. <i>qualis</i>.
&?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Who</u>, and <u>Like</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Such</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of what sort or kind; what; what a; who.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>which</i> they weren and of what degree.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A interrogative pronoun, used both substantively
and adjectively, and in direct and indirect questions, to ask for, or refer
to, an individual person or thing among several of a class; as,
<i>which</i> man is it? <i>which</i> woman was it? <i>which</i> is the
house? he asked <i>which</i> route he should take; <i>which</i> is best, to
live or to die?  See the Note under <u>What</u>, <pos><i>pron.</i></pos>,
1.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Which</i> of you convinceth me of sin?</blockquote>
<i>John viii. 46.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A relative pronoun, used esp. in referring to an
antecedent noun or clause, but sometimes with reference to what is
specified or implied in a sentence, or to a following noun or clause
(generally involving a reference, however, to something which has
preceded). It is used in all numbers and genders, and was formerly used of
persons.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And when thou fail'st -- as God forbid the hour! --<BR>
Must Edward fall, <i>which</i> peril heaven forfend!</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God . . . rested on the seventh day from all his work
<i>which</i> he had made.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our Father, <i>which</i> art in heaven.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. vi. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The temple of God is holy, <i>which</i> temple ye
are.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. iii. 17.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A compound relative or indefinite pronoun,
standing for <i>any one which</i>, <i>whichever</i>, <i>that which</i>,
<i>those which</i>, <i>the</i> . . . <i>which</i>, and the like; as, take
<i>which</i> you will.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>The which</i> was formerly often used for <i>which</i>. The
expressions <i>which that</i>, <i>which as</i>, were also sometimes used by
way of emphasis.</p>

<p><blockquote>Do not they blaspheme that worthy name by <i>the which</i>
ye are called?</blockquote> <i>James ii. 7.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Which</i>, referring to a series of preceding sentences, or
members of a sentence, may have <i>all</i> joined to it adjectively. "All
<i>which</i>, as a method of a proclamation, is very convenient."
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Which*ev"er</hw> (?), <hw>Which`so*ev"er</hw> (?), } <pos><i>pron.
& a.</i></pos> <def>Whether one or another; whether one or the other;
which; that one (of two or more) which; as, <i>whichever</i> road you take,
it will lead you to town.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whid"ah bird`</hw> (?), <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of finchlike birds belonging to the genus <i>Vidua</i>, native of
Asia and Africa. In the breeding season the male has very long, drooping
tail feathers. Called also <i>vida finch</i>, <i>whidah finch</i>,
<i>whydah bird</i>, <i>whydah finch</i>, <i>widow bird</i>, and <i>widow
finch</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some of the species are often kept as cage birds, especially
<i>Vidua paradisea</i>, which is dark brownish above, pale buff beneath,
with a reddish collar around the neck.</p>

<p><hw>Whid"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Whither.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whiff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>weffe</i> vapor, whiff,
probably of imitative origin; cf. Dan. <i>vift</i> a puff, gust, W.
<i>chwiff</i> a whiff, puff.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden expulsion of air from the mouth; a
quick puff or slight gust, as of air or smoke.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But with the <i>whiff</i> and wind of his fell sword<BR>
The unnerved father falls.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The skipper, he blew a <i>whiff</i> from his pipe,<BR>
And a scornful laugh laughed he.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A glimpse; a hasty view.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The marysole, or sail
fluke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whiff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Whiffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Whiffing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw out in whiffs; to consume in whiffs; to
puff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To carry or convey by a whiff, or as by a whiff;
to puff or blow away.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Old Empedocles, . . . who, when he leaped into Etna, having
a dry, sear body, and light, the smoke took him, and <i>whiffed</i> him up
into the moon.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whiff</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To emit whiffs, as of
smoke; to puff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whif"fet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little whiff or
puff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whiff"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of one who, or that which,
whiffs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mode of fishing with a hand line for pollack,
mackerel, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whif"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whiffled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whiffling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>whiff</i> to puff, perhaps influenced
by D. <i>weifelen</i> to waver.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To waver, or shake, as if moved by gusts of
wind; to shift, turn, or veer about.</def>  <i>D&?;mpier.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To change from one opinion or course to another;
to use evasions; to prevaricate; to be fickle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A person of <i>whiffing</i> and unsteady turn of mind can
not keep close to a point of controversy.</blockquote> <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whif"fle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To disperse with, or as with, a whiff, or puff;
to scatter.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Dr. H. More.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wave or shake quickly; to cause to
whiffle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whif"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fife or small
flute.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Douce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whif"fler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who whiffles, or frequently changes his
opinion or course; one who uses shifts and evasions in argument; hence, a
trifler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>whiffler</i> in a laced coat who frequents the
chocolate house shall talk of the constitution.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who plays on a whiffle; a fifer or
piper.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An officer who went before procession to clear
the way by blowing a horn, or otherwise; hence, any person who marched at
the head of a procession; a harbinger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Which like a mighty <i>whiffler</i> 'fore the king,<BR>
Seems to prepare his way.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1646 !></p>

<p>&fist; "<i>Whifflers</i>, or fifers, generally went first in a
procession, from which circumstance the name was transferred to other
persons who succeeded to that office, and at length was given to those who
went forward merely to clear the way for the procession.  . . . In the city
of London, young freemen, who march at the head of their proper companies
on the Lord Mayor's day, sometimes with flags, were called
<i>whifflers</i>, or <i>bachelor whifflers</i>, not because they cleared
the way, but because they went first, as <i>whifflers</i> did."
<i>Nares.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>The golden-eye.</def>
[Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Whif"fle*tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Whippletree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Whey</u>.]
<def>Acidulated whey, sometimes mixed with buttermilk and sweet herbs, used
as a cooling beverage.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be from <i>whiggam</i>, a
term used in Scotland in driving horses, <i>whiggamore</i> one who drives
horses (a term applied to some western Scotchmen), contracted to
<i>whig</i>. In 1648, a party of these people marched to Edinburgh to
oppose the king and the duke of Hamilton (the Whiggamore raid), and hence
the name of <i>Whig</i> was given to the party opposed to the court.  Cf.
Scot. <i>whig</i> to go quickly.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Politics)</i> <def>One of a political party
which grew up in England in the seventeenth century, in the reigns of
Charles I. and II., when great contests existed respecting the royal
prerogatives and the rights of the people. Those who supported the king in
his high claims were called <i>Tories</i>, and the advocates of popular
rights, of parliamentary power over the crown, and of toleration to
Dissenters, were, after 1679, called <i>Whigs</i>. The terms <i>Liberal</i>
and <i>Radical</i> have now generally superseded <i>Whig</i> in English
politics.  See the note under <u>Tory</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Amer. Hist.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
friend and supporter of the American Revolution; -- opposed to <i>Tory</i>,
and <i>Royalist</i>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the political
party in the United States from about 1829 to 1856, opposed in politics to
the Democratic party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whig</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Whigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whig"ga*more</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Whig</u>.]
<def>A Whig; -- a cant term applied in contempt to Scotch
Presbyterians.</def>  [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whig"gar*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Whig</i> + <i>-
archy</i>.] <def>Government by Whigs.</def>  [Cont]  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whig"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The principles or
practices of the Whigs; Whiggism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whig"gish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
Whigs; partaking of, or characterized by, the principles of
Whigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whig"gish*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a Whiggish
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whig"gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The principles of the
Whigs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whig"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A petty or inferior
Whig; -- used in contempt.</def>  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>While</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hw&imacr;l</i>; akin to
OS. <i>hw&imacr;l</i>, <i>hw&imacr;la</i>, OFries. <i>hw&imacr;le</i>, D.
<i>wigl</i>, G. <i>weile</i>, OHG. <i>w&imacr;la</i>, <i>hw&imacr;la</i>,
<i>hw&imacr;l</i>, Icel. <i>hv&imacr;la</i> a bed, <i>hv&imacr;ld</i> rest,
Sw. <i>hvila</i>, Dan. <i>hvile</i>, Goth. <i>hweila</i> a time, and
probably to L. <i>quietus</i> quiet, and perhaps to Gr. &?; the proper time
of season. &radic;20.  Cf. <u>Quiet</u>, <u>Whilom</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Space of time, or continued duration, esp. when short; a time; as, one
<i>while</i> we thought him innocent.</def>  "All this <i>while</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This mighty queen may no <i>while</i> endure.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Some guest that] hath outside his welcome <i>while</i>,<BR>
And tells the jest without the smile.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will go forth and breathe the air a
<i>while</i>.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which requires time; labor; pains.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Satan . . . cast him how he might quite her
<i>while</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>At whiles</b></col>, <cd>at times; at intervals.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>And so on us <i>at whiles</i> it falls, to claim<BR>
Powers that we dread.</blockquote> <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>The while</b></col>, <col><b>The whiles</b></col>, <cd>in or
during the time that; meantime; while.</cd> <i>Tennyson.</i> --
<col><b>Within a while</b></col>, <cd>in a short time; soon.</cd> --
<col><b>Worth while</b></col>, <cd>worth the time which it requires; worth
the time and pains; hence, worth the expense; as, it is not always <i>worth
while</i> for a man to prosecute for small debts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>While</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Whiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Whiling</u>.]
<def>To cause to pass away pleasantly or without irksomeness or disgust; to
spend or pass; -- usually followed by <i>away</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lovely lady <i>whiled</i> the hours away.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>While</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To loiter.</def>  [R.]
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>While</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>During
the time that; as long as; whilst; at the same time that; as, <i>while</i>
I write, you sleep.</def>  "<i>While</i> I have time and space."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Use your memory; you will sensibly experience a gradual
improvement, <i>while</i> you take care not to overload it.</blockquote>
<i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, under which circumstances; in which case;
though; whereas.</def></p>

<p><col><b>While as</b></col>, <col><b>While that</b></col>, <cd>during or
at the time that.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>While</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Until; till.</def>  [Obs.
or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I may be conveyed into your chamber;<BR>
I'll lie under your bed <i>while</i> midnight.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whil`ere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>While</i> +
<i>ere</i>] <def>A little while ago; recently; just now; erewhile.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Helpeth me now as I did you <i>whilere</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He who, with all heaven's heraldry, <i>whilere</i><BR>
Entered the world.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whiles</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>While</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>-wards</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Meanwhile; meantime.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The good knight <i>whiles</i> humming to himself the lay of
some majored troubadour.</blockquote> <i>Sir. W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>sometimes; at times.</def>  [Scot.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The whiles</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>While</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Whiles</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>During the time that;
while.</def>  [Archaic]  <i>Chaucer. Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Agree with thine adversary quickly, <i>whiles</i> thou art
in the way with him.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 25.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whilk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Whelk</u> a
mollusk.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of mollusk, a
whelk.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The scoter.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whilk</hw>, <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>Which.</def>  [Obs. or
Scot.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Whilk</i> is sometimes used in Chaucer to represent the
Northern dialect.</p>

<p><hw>Whi"lom</hw> (hw&imacr;"l&ubreve;m), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hw&imacr;lum</i>, properly, at times, dative pl. of <i>hw&imacr;l</i>;
akin to G. <i>weiland</i> formerly, OHG. <i>hw&imacr;l&omacr;m</i>, See
<u>While</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Formerly; once; of old; erewhile;
at times.</def>  [Obs. or Poetic]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whilom</i>, as olde stories tellen us,<BR>
There was a duke that highte Theseus.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whilst</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [From <u>Whiles</u>; cf.
<u>Amongst</u>.] <def>While.</def>  [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whilst</i> the emperor lay at Antioch.</blockquote>
<i>Gibbon.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The whilst</b></col>, <cd>in the meantime; while.</cd>
[Archaic.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Whimbrel</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European widgeon.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whim</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>hwima</i> to wander
with the eyes, <i>vim</i> giddiness, Norw. <i>kvima</i> to whisk or flutter
about, to trifle, Dan. <i>vimse</i> to skip, whisk, jump from one thing to
another, dial. Sw. <i>hvimsa</i> to be unsteady, dizzy, W. <i>chwimio</i>
to move briskly.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sudden turn or start of the mind; a temporary
eccentricity; a freak; a fancy; a capricious notion; a humor; a
caprice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let every man enjoy his <i>whim</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Churchill.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A large capstan or vertical drum
turned by horse power or steam power, for raising ore or water, etc., from
mines, or for other purposes; -- called also <i>whim gin</i>, and
<i>whimsey</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Whim gin</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a whim.  See
<u>Whim</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Whim shaft</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>a
shaft through which ore, water, etc., is raised from a mine by means of a
whim.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Freak; caprice; whimsey; fancy.  -- <u>Whim</u>,
<u>Freak</u>, <u>Caprice</u>. <i>Freak</i> denotes an impulsive,
inconsiderate change of mind, as by a child or a lunatic. <i>Whim</i> is a
mental eccentricity due to peculiar processes or habits of thought.
<i>Caprice</i> is closely allied in meaning to <i>freak</i>, but implies
more definitely a quality of willfulness or wantonness.</p>

<p><hw>Whim</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be subject to, or indulge
in, whims; to be whimsical, giddy, or freakish.</def>  [R.]
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whim"brel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Whimper</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i> <def>Any one of several species of small curlews,
especially the European species (<i>Numenius ph&aelig;opus</i>), called
also <i>Jack curlew</i>, <i>half curlew</i>, <i>stone curlew</i>, and
<i>tang whaup</i>.  See <i>Illustration</i> in <u>Appendix</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hudsonian</b></col> or, <col><b>Eskimo</b></col>,
<col><b>whimbreal</b></col>, <cd>the Hudsonian curlew.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whim"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Whim</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <def>One given to whims; hence, a weak, childish person; a
child.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Go, <i>whimling</i>, and fetch two or three grating
loaves.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whim"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of whims;
whimsical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The study of Rabbinical literature either finds a man
<i>whimmy</i> or makes him so.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whim"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whimpered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whimpering</u>.] [Cf. Scot. <i>whimmer</i>, G. <i>wimmern</i>.] <def>To
cry with a low, whining, broken voice; to whine; to complain; as, a child
<i>whimpers</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Was there ever yet preacher but there were gainsayers that
spurned, that winced, that <i>whimpered</i> against him?</blockquote>
<i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whim"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter in alow,
whining tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whim"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low, whining, broken cry;
a low, whining sound, expressive of complaint or grief.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whim"per*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
whimpers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whim"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Wimple</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whim"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Whiffle</u>.] <def>To
whiffle; to veer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Whim"sey</hw>, <hw>Whimsy</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Whimseys</b></plw> (#) or <plw><b>Whimsies</b></plw>
(#). [See <u>Whim</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A whim; a freak; a capricious notion, a fanciful
or odd conceit.</def>  "The <i>whimsies</i> of poets and painters."
<i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Men's folly, <i>whimsies</i>, and inconstancy.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mistaking the <i>whimseys</i> of a feverish brain for the
calm revelation of truth.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A whim.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whim"sey</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To fill with whimseys,
or whims; to make fantastic; to craze.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To have a man's brain <i>whimsied</i> with his
wealth.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whim"si*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<u>Whimsey</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of, or characterized by, whims; actuated by
a whim; having peculiar notions; queer; strange; freakish.</def>  "A
<i>whimsical</i> insult."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My neighbors call me <i>whimsical</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Odd or fantastic in appearance; quaintly
devised; fantastic.</def>  "A <i>whimsical</i> chair."  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Quaint; capricious; fanciful; fantastic.</p>

<p><hw>Whim`si*cal"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being whimsical; whimsicalness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whim"si*cal*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a whimsical
manner; freakishly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whim"si*cal*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being whimsical; freakishness; whimsical disposition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whim"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A whimsey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whim"wham</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed from <i>whim</i> by
reduplication.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A whimsical thing; an odd device; a trifle; a
trinket; a gimcrack.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They'll pull ye all to pieces for your
<i>whimwhams</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bear. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A whim, or whimsey; a freak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>chwyn</i> weeds, a single
weed.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Gorse; furze.
See <u>Furze</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Through the <i>whins</i>, and by the cairn.</blockquote>
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Woad-waxed.</def>  <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Whinstone</u>.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Moor whin</b></col> or <col><b>Petty whin</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low prickly shrub (<i>Genista Anglica</i>) common in
Western Europe.</cd> -- <col><b>Whin bruiser</b></col>, <cd>a machine for
cutting and bruising whin, or furze, to feed cattle on.</cd> --
<col><b>Whin Sparrow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hedge
sparrow.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Whin Thrush</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the redwing.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whin"ber*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
English bilberry; -- so called because it grows on moors among the whins,
or furze.</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whin"chat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because it
frequents <i>whins</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small warbler
(<i>Pratincola rubetra</i>) common in Europe; -- called also
<i>whinchacker</i>, <i>whincheck</i>, <i>whin-clocharet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whine</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whined</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whining</u>.] [OE. <i>whinen</i>, AS. <i>hw&imacr;nan</i> to make a
whistling, whizzing sound; akin to Icel. <i>hv&imacr;na</i>, Sw.
<i>hvina</i>, Dan. <i>hvine</i>, and probably to G. <i>wiehern</i> to
neigh, OHG. <i>wih&omacr;n</i>, <i>hweij&omacr;n</i>; perhaps of imitative
origin.  Cf. <u>Whinny</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To utter a
plaintive cry, as some animals; to moan with a childish noise; to complain,
or to tell of sorrow, distress, or the like, in a plaintive, nasal tone;
hence, to complain or to beg in a mean, unmanly way; to moan basely.</def>
"<i>Whining</i> plovers."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The hounds were . . . staying their coming, but with a
<i>whining</i> accent, craving liberty.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dost thou come here to <i>whine</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whine</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter or express
plaintively, or in a mean, unmanly way; as, to <i>whine</i> out an
excuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plaintive tone; the nasal,
childish tone of mean complaint; mean or affected complaint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
whines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whinge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To whine.</def>
[Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whing"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Whinyard</u>.] <def>A
kind of hanger or sword used as a knife at meals and as a weapon.</def>
[Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The chief acknowledged that he had corrected her with his
<i>whinger</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whin"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a whining
manner; in a tone of mean complaint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whin"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To whinny.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Whin"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whinnied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whinnying</u>.] [From <u>Whine</u>] <def>To utter the ordinary call or
cry of a horse; to neigh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whin"ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Whinnies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>The ordinary cry or call of a horse;
a neigh.</def>  "The stately horse . . . stooped with a low <i>whinny</i>."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whin"ny</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding in whin, gorse, or
furze.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fine, large, <i>whinny</i>, . . . unimproved
common.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whin"ock</hw> (hw&ibreve;n"&ubreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
Scot. <i>whin</i>, <i>quhene</i>, a few, AS. <i>hw&emacr;ne</i>,
<i>hw&aemacr;ne</i>, a little, <i>hw&omacr;n</i> little, few.  Cf.
<u>Wheen</u>.] <def>The small pig of a litter.</def>  [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Whin"stone"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Whin</i> +
<i>stone</i>; cf. Scot. <i>quhynstane</i>.] <def>A provincial name given in
England to basaltic rocks, and applied by miners to other kind of dark-
colored unstratified rocks which resist the point of the pick. -- for
example, to masses of chert. <i>Whin-dikes</i>, and <i>whin-sills</i>, are
names sometimes given to veins or beds of basalt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whin"yard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. E. &amp; Scot.
<i>whingar</i>, <i>whinger</i>; perhaps from AS. <i>winn</i> contention,
war + <i>geard</i>, <i>gyrd</i>, a staff, rod, yard; or cf. AS.
<i>hw&imacr;nan</i> to whistle, E. <i>whine</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sword, or hanger.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> [From the shape of the bill.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The shoveler.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The poachard.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whipped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whipping</u>.] [OE. <i>whippen</i> to overlay, as a cord, with other
cords, probably akin to G. &amp; D. <i>wippen</i> to shake, to move up and
down, Sw. <i>vippa</i>, Dan. <i>vippe</i> to swing to and fro, to shake, to
toss up, and L. <i>vibrare</i> to shake.  Cf. <u>Vibrate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To strike with a lash, a cord, a rod, or
anything slender and lithe; to lash; to beat; as, to <i>whip</i> a horse,
or a carpet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To drive with lashes or strokes of a whip; to
cause to rotate by lashing with a cord; as, to <i>whip</i> a top.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To punish with a whip, scourge, or rod; to flog;
to beat; as, to <i>whip</i> a vagrant; to <i>whip</i> one with thirty nine
lashes; to <i>whip</i> a perverse boy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who, for false quantities, was <i>whipped</i> at
school.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To apply that which hurts keenly to; to lash, as
with sarcasm, abuse, or the like; to apply cutting language to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They would <i>whip</i> me with their fine wits.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To thrash; to beat out, as grain, by striking;
as, to <i>whip</i> wheat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To beat (eggs, cream, or the like) into a froth,
as with a whisk, fork, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To conquer; to defeat, as in a contest or game;
to beat; to surpass.</def>  [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To overlay (a cord, rope, or the like) with
other cords going round and round it; to overcast, as the edge of a seam;
to wrap; -- often with <i>about</i>, <i>around</i>, or
<i>over</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Its string is firmly <i>whipped</i> about with small
gut.</blockquote> <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>To sew lightly; specifically, to form (a fabric)
into gathers by loosely overcasting the rolled edge and drawing up the
thread; as, to <i>whip</i> a ruffle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In half-<i>whipped</i> muslin needles useless
lie.</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <def>To take or move by a sudden motion; to jerk; to
snatch; -- with <i>into</i>, <i>out</i>, <i>up</i>, <i>off</i>, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She, in a hurry, <i>whips</i> up her darling under her
arm.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>whips</i> out his pocketbook every moment, and writes
descriptions of everything he sees.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>11.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To hoist or
purchase by means of a whip.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To secure the
end of (a rope, or the like) from untwisting by overcasting it with small
stuff.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>12.</b></sn> <def>To fish (a body of water) with a rod and
artificial fly, the motion being that employed in using a whip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whipping</i> their rough surface for a
trout.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To whip in</b></col>, <cd>to drive in, or keep from scattering,
as hounds in a hurt; hence, to collect, or to keep together, as member of a
party, or the like.</cd> -- <col><b>To whip the cat</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To practice extreme parsimony.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Forby.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To go from house to house working by
the day, as itinerant tailors and carpenters do.</cd> [Prov. &amp; U. S.]</p>

<p><! p. 1647 !></p>

<p><hw>Whip</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move nimbly; to start
or turn suddenly and do something; to whisk; as, he <i>whipped</i> around
the corner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With speed from thence he <i>whipped</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sackville.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two friends, traveling, met a bear upon the way; the one
<i>whips</i> up a tree, and the other throws himself flat upon the
ground.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>whippe</i>.  See
<u>Whip</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument or driving horses or other
animals, or for correction, consisting usually of a lash attached to a
handle, or of a handle and lash so combined as to form a flexible
rod.</def>  "[A] <i>whip's</i> lash."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In his right hand he holds a <i>whip</i>, with which he is
supposed to drive the horses of the sun.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A coachman; a driver of a carriage; as, a good
<i>whip</i>.</def>  <i>Beaconsfield.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the
arms or frames of a windmill, on which the sails are spread.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The length of the arm reckoned from the
shaft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
tackle with a single rope, used to hoist light bodies.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The long pennant.  See <u>Pennant</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd></def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A huntsman who whips in the hounds; whipper-
in.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Politics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
person (as a member of Parliament) appointed to enforce party discipline,
and secure the attendance of the members of a Parliament party at any
important session, especially when their votes are needed.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A call made upon members of a Parliament party to
be in their places at a given time, as when a vote is to be
taken.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Whip and spur</b></col>, <cd>with the utmost haste.</cd> --
<col><b>Whip crane</b></col>, or <col><b>Whip purchase</b></col>, <cd>a
simple form of crane having a small drum from which the load is suspended,
turned by pulling on a rope wound around larger drum on the same axle.</cd>
-- <col><b>Whip gin</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Gin block</i>, under 5th
<u>Gin</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Whip grafting</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Grafting</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Whip hand</b></col>, <cd>the hand with
which the whip is used; hence, advantage; mastery; as, to have or get the
<i>whip hand</i> of a person.</cd> <i>Dryden.</i> -- <col><b>Whip
ray</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European eagle ray.  See under
<u>Ray</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Whip roll</b></col> <i>(Weaving)</i>, <cd>a
roll or bar, behind the reeds in a loom, on which the warp threads
rest.</cd> -- <col><b>Whip scorpion</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
one of numerous species of arachnids belonging to <i>Thelyphonus</i> and
allied genera. They somewhat resemble true scorpions, but have a long,
slender bristle, or lashlike organ, at the end of the body, instead of a
sting.</cd> -- <col><b>Whip snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
one of various species of slender snakes.</cd>  Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A bright green South American tree snake
(<i>Philodryas viridissimus</i>) having a long and slender body. It is not
venomous. Called also <i>emerald whip snake</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The coachwhip snake.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whip"cord`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of hard-
twisted or braided cord, sometimes used for making whiplashes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"graft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whipgrafted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whipgrafting</u>.] <def>To graft by cutting the scion and stock in a
certain manner.  See <i>Whip grafting</i>, under <u>Grafting</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"lash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lash of a whip, -
- usually made of thongs of leather, or of cords, braided or
twisted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip`pa*ree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large sting ray (<i>Dasybatis, or Trygon,
Sayi</i>) native of the Southern United States. It is destitute of large
spines on the body and tail.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A large sting
ray (<i>Rhinoptera bonasus</i>, or <i>R. quadriloba</i>) of the Atlantic
coast of the United States. Its snout appears to be four-lobed when viewed
in front, whence it is also called <i>cow-nosed ray</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who whips; especially, an officer who
inflicts the penalty of legal whipping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who raises coal or merchandise with a tackle
from a chip's hold.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Spinning)</i> <def>A kind of simple
willow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"per*in`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A huntsman who keeps the hounds from wandering,
and whips them in, if necessary, to the of chase.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, one who enforces the discipline of a
party, and urges the attendance and support of the members on all necessary
occasions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"per*snap`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A diminutive,
insignificant, or presumptuous person.</def>  [Colloq.] "Little
<i>whippersnappers</i> like you."  <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whip"ping</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Whip</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Whipping post</b></col>, <cd>a post to which offenders are tied,
to be legally whipped.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whip"ple*tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Whip</u>, and
cf. <u>Whiffletree</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The pivoted or swinging bar to which the traces,
or tugs, of a harness are fastened, and by which a carriage, a plow, or
other implement or vehicle, is drawn; a whiffletree; a swingletree; a
singletree.  See <u>Singletree</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[People] cut their own <i>whippletree</i> in the
woodlot.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The cornel tree.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whip"-poor-will`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An American bird (<i>Antrostomus vociferus</i>) allied to the
nighthawk and goatsucker; -- so called in imitation of the peculiar notes
which it utters in the evening.</def>  [Written also <i>whippowil</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Whip"saw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A saw for dividing
timber lengthwise, usually set in a frame, and worked by two persons; also,
a fret saw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like the
lash of a whip; long, slender, round, and tapering; as, a <i>whip-
shaped</i> root or stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"staff`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A bar
attached to the tiller, for convenience in steering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"stalk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
whipstock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Whip</i> + <i>-
ster</i>.] <def>A nimble little fellow; a whippersnapper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every puny <i>whipster</i> gets my sword.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whip"stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Whip handle;
whipstock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"stitch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tailor; -- so called in contempt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything hastily put or stitched together;
hence, a hasty composition.</def>  [R.]  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>The act or process of
whipstitching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"stitch`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To
rafter; to plow in ridges, as land.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whip"stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The rod or handle to
which the lash of a whip is fastened.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whipt</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Whip</u>.
<def>Whipped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"-tom`-kel"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called in
imitation of its notes.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A vireo (<i>Vireo
altiloquus</i>) native of the West Indies and Florida; -- called also
<i>black-whiskered vireo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
shape.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A nematode worm (<i>Trichocephalus
dispar</i>) often found parasitic in the human intestine. Its body is
thickened posteriorly, but is very long and threadlike
anteriorly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whir</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whirred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whirring</u>.] [Perhaps of imitative origin; cf. D. <i>hvirre</i> to
whirl, and E. <i>hurr</i>, <i>hurry</i>, <i>whirl</i>. &?;&?;&?;.] <def>To
whirl round, or revolve, with a whizzing noise; to fly or more quickly with
a buzzing or whizzing sound; to whiz.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The partridge bursts away on <i>whirring</i>
wings.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whir</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Whir</u> to whiz.]
<def>To hurry a long with a whizzing sound.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This world to me is like a lasting storm,<BR>
<i>Whirring</i> me from my friends.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whir</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A buzzing or whizzing sound
produced by rapid or whirling motion; as, the <i>whir</i> of a partridge;
the <i>whir</i> of a spinning wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whirl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whirled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whirling</u>.] [OE. <i>whirlen</i>, probably from the Scand.; cf. Icel.
& Sw. <i>hvirfla</i>, Dan. <i>hvirvle</i>; akin to D. <i>wervelen</i>, G.
<i>wirbeln</i>, freq. of the verb seen in Icel. <i>hverfa</i> to turn.
&radic;16.  See <u>Wharf</u>, and cf. <u>Warble</u>, <u>Whorl</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn round rapidly; to cause to rotate with
velocity; to make to revolve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>whirls</i> his sword around without
delay.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove or carry quickly with, or as with, a
revolving motion; to snatch; to harry.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>See, see the chariot, and those rushing wheels,<BR>
That <i>whirled</i> the prophet up at Chebar flood.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The passionate heart of the poet is <i>whirl'd</i> into
folly.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whirl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be turned round rapidly; to move round with
velocity; to revolve or rotate with great speed; to gyrate.</def>  "The
<i>whirling</i> year vainly my dizzy eyes pursue."  <i>J. H.
Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wooden engine flies and <i>whirls</i>
about.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move hastily or swiftly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>whirled</i> away to shun his hateful
sight.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whirl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>hvirvel</i>, Sw.
<i>hvirfvel</i>, Icel. <i>hvirfill</i> the crown of the head, G.
<i>wirbel</i> whirl, crown of the head, D. <i>wervel</i>.  See
<u>Whirl</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A turning with rapidity or velocity; rapid
rotation or circumvolution; quick gyration; rapid or confusing motion; as,
the <i>whirl</i> of a top; the <i>whirl</i> of a wheel.</def>  "In no
breathless <i>whirl</i>."  <i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rapid . . . <i>whirl</i> of things here below interrupt
not the inviolable rest and calmness of the noble beings
above.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything that moves with a whirling
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He saw Falmouth under gray, iron skies, and <i>whirls</i> of
March dust.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A revolving hook used in twisting, as the hooked
spindle of a rope machine, to which the threads to be twisted are
attached.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A whorl.  See
<u>Whorl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whirl"a*bout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something that
whirls or turns about in a rapid manner; a whirligig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whirl"bat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything moved with a
whirl, as preparatory for a blow, or to augment the force of it; -- applied
by poets to the cestus of ancient boxers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>whirlbat</i> and the rapid race shall be<BR>
Reserved for C&aelig;sar.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whirl"-blast`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A whirling blast
or wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>whirl-blast</i> from behind the hill.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whirl"bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The huckle bone.</def>  [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The patella, or kneepan.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whirl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
whirls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whirl"i*cote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An open car or
chariot.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of old time coaches were not known in this island, but
chariots, or <i>whirlicotes</i>.</blockquote> <i>Stow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whirl"i*gig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Whirl</i> +
<i>gig</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A child's toy, spun or whirled around like a
wheel upon an axis, or like a top.</def>  <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything which whirls around, or in which
persons or things are whirled about, as a frame with seats or wooden
horses.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With a <i>whirligig</i> of jubilant mosquitoes spinning
about each head.</blockquote> <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A medi&aelig;val instrument for punishing petty
offenders, being a kind of wooden cage turning on a pivot, in which the
offender was whirled round with great velocity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of beetles belonging to <i>Gyrinus</i> and allied genera. The body is firm,
oval or boatlike in form, and usually dark colored with a bronzelike
luster. These beetles live mostly on the surface of water, and move about
with great celerity in a gyrating, or circular, manner, but they are also
able to dive and swim rapidly. The larva is aquatic. Called also
<i>weaver</i>, <i>whirlwig</i>, and <i>whirlwig beetle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whirl"ing</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Whirl</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Whirling table</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Physics)</i>
<cd>An apparatus provided with one or more revolving disks, with weights,
pulleys, and other attachments, for illustrating the phenomena and laws of
centrifugal force, and the like.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A potter's
wheel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whirl"pit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A whirlpool.</def>
[Obs.] "Raging <i>whirlpits</i>."  <i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whirl"pool`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An eddy or vortex of water; a place in a body of
water where the water moves round in a circle so as to produce a depression
or cavity in the center, into which floating objects may be drawn; any body
of water having a more or less circular motion caused by its flowing in an
irregular channel, by the coming together of opposing currents, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sea monster of the whale kind.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Indian Sea breedeth the most and the biggest fishes that
are; among which the whales and <i>whirlpools</i>, called
"bal&aelig;n&aelig;," take up in length as much as four . . . arpents of
land.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whirl"wig`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Earwig</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A whirligig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whirl"wind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>hvirfilvindr</i>, Sw. <i>hvirfvelvind</i>, Dan. <i>hvirvelvind</i>, G.
<i>wirbelwind</i>.  See <u>Whirl</u>, and <u>Wind</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A violent windstorm of limited extent, as the
tornado, characterized by an inward spiral motion of the air with an upward
current in the center; a vortex of air. It usually has a rapid progressive
motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The swift dark <i>whirlwind</i> that uproots the woods.<BR>
And drowns the villages.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Some meteorologists apply the word <i>whirlwind</i> to the larger
rotary storm also, such as cyclones.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A body of objects sweeping violently
onward.</def>  "The <i>whirlwind</i> of hounds and hunters."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whir"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To whir.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Whir"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A
perforated steel die through which wires or tubes are drawn to form
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whisk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Whist</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A game at cards; whist.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Taylor
(1630).</i></p>

<p><hw>Whisk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably for <i>wisk</i>, and of
Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <i>visk</i> a wisp; akin to Dan. <i>visk</i>, Sw.
<i>viska</i>, D. <i>wisch</i>, OHG. <i>wisc</i>, G. <i>wisch</i>.  See
<u>Wisp</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of whisking; a rapid, sweeping motion,
as of something light; a sudden motion or quick puff.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This first sad <i>whisk</i><BR>
Takes off thy dukedom; thou art but an earl.</blockquote> <i>J.
Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small bunch of grass, straw, twigs, hair, or
the like, used for a brush; hence, a brush or small besom, as of broom
corn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A small culinary instrument made of wire, or the
like, for whisking or beating eggs, cream, etc.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A kind of cape, forming part of a woman's
dress.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My wife in her new lace <i>whisk</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An impertinent fellow.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>A plane used by coopers for evening
chines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whisk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Whisked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Whisking</u>.]
[Cf. Dan. <i>viske</i>, Sw. <i>viska</i>, G. <i>wischen</i>, D.
<i>wisschen</i>.  See <u>Whisk</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To sweep, brush, or agitate, with a light, rapid
motion; as, to <i>whisk</i> dust from a table; to <i>whisk</i> the white of
eggs into a froth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move with a quick, sweeping motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that walks in gray, <i>whisking</i> his riding
rod.</blockquote> <i>J. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I beg she would not impale worms, nor <i>whisk</i> carp out
of one element into another.</blockquote> <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whisk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move nimbly at with
velocity; to make a sudden agile movement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whisk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, whisks, or moves with a
quick, sweeping motion.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Formerly, the hair of the upper lip; a mustache;
-- usually in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hoary <i>whiskers</i> and a forky beard.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>That part of the beard which grows
upon the sides of the face, or upon the chin, or upon both; as, side
<i>whiskers</i>; chin <i>whiskers</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A hair of the beard.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>One of the long, projecting hairs growing at the
sides of the mouth of a cat, or other animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Iron rods extending on
either side of the bowsprit, to spread, or guy out, the stays,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whisk"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Formed into whiskers; furnished with whiskers;
having or wearing whiskers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our forefathers, a grave, <i>whiskered</i>
race.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having elongated hairs,
feathers, or bristles on the cheeks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>whiskered</i> vermin race.</blockquote>
<i>Grainger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whisk"er*less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without
whiskers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whis"ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Wisket</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A basket; esp., a straw provender basket.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A small lathe for turning wooden
pins.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1648 !></p>

<p><hw>Whis"key</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Whisky</u>,
a liquor.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Whis"key</hw>, <hw>Whis"ky</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Whiskeys</b></plw> (#) or <plw><b>Whiskies</b></plw>.
[See <u>Whisk</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A
light carriage built for rapid motion; -- called also <i>tim-
whiskey</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whisk"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shallow drinking
bowl.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Ray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whisk"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sweeping along lightly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Large; great.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Whis"ky</hw>, <hw>Whis"key</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir.
or Gael. <i>uisge</i> water (perhaps akin to E. <i>wash</i>, <i>water</i>)
in <i>uisgebeatha</i> whiskey, properly, water of life.  Cf.
<u>Usquebaugh</u>.] <def>An intoxicating liquor distilled from grain,
potatoes, etc., especially in Scotland, Ireland, and the United States. In
the United States, whisky is generally distilled from maize, rye, or wheat,
but in Scotland and Ireland it is often made from malted barley.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bourbon whisky</b></col>, <cd>corn whisky made in Bourbon
County, Kentucky.</cd> -- <col><b>Crooked whisky</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Crooked</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Whisky Jack</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the Canada jay (<i>Perisoreus Canadensis</i>). It is noted for its
fearless and familiar habits when it frequents the camps of lumbermen in
the winter season. Its color is dull grayish blue, lighter beneath. Called
also <i>moose bird</i>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Whis"ky*fied</hw>, <hw>Whis"key*fied</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Whisky</i> + <i>-fy</i>.] <def>Drunk with whisky;
intoxicated.</def>  [Humorous]  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whisp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Wisp</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whisp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A flock of
snipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whis"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whispered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whispering</u>.] [AS. <i>hwisprian</i>; akin to G. <i>wispern</i>,
<i>wispeln</i>, OHG. <i>hwispal&?;n</i>, Icel. <i>hv&imacr;skra</i>, Sw.
<i>hviska</i>, Dan. <i>hviske</i>; of imitative origin.  Cf.
<u>Whistle</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To speak softly, or under the breath, so as to
be heard only by one near at hand; to utter words without sonant breath; to
talk without that vibration in the larynx which gives sonorous, or vocal,
sound.  See <u>Whisper</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a low, sibilant sound or
noise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The hollow, <i>whispering</i> breeze.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To speak with suspicion, or timorous caution; to
converse in whispers, as in secret plotting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All that hate me <i>whisper</i> together against
me.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xli. 7.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whis"per</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter in a low and nonvocal tone; to say
under the breath; hence, to mention privately and confidentially, or in a
whisper.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They might buzz and <i>whisper</i> it one to
another.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To address in a whisper, or low voice.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>whisper</i> one another in the ear.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Where gentlest breezes <i>whisper</i> souls
distressed.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To prompt secretly or cautiously; to inform
privately.</def>  [Obs.] "He came to <i>whisper</i> Wolsey."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whis"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A low, soft, sibilant voice or utterance, which
can be heard only by those near at hand; voice or utterance that employs
only breath sound without tone, friction against the edges of the vocal
cords and arytenoid cartilages taking the place of the vibration of the
cords that produces tone; sometimes, in a limited sense, the sound produced
by such friction as distinguished from <i>breath sound</i> made by friction
against parts of the mouth.  See <u>Voice</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2, and
<i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 5, 153, 154.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The inward voice or <i>whisper</i> can not give a
tone.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Soft <i>whispers</i> through the assembly went.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cautious or timorous speech.</def>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Something communicated in secret or by
whispering; a suggestion or insinuation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A low, sibilant sound.</def>  "The
<i>whispers</i> of the leaves."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whis"per*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who whispers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A tattler; one who tells secrets; a conveyer of
intelligence secretly; hence; a backbiter; one who slanders secretly.</def>
<i>Prov. xvi. 28.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whis"per*ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Whisper</u>. <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Whispering gallery</b></col>, or <col><b>Whispering
dome</b></col>, <cd>one of such a form that sounds produced in certain
parts of it are concentrated by reflection from the walls to another part,
so that whispers or feeble sounds are audible at a much greater distance
than under ordinary circumstances.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whis"per*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a whisper, or
low voice; in a whispering manner; with whispers.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whis"per*ous*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>Whisperingly.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Whist</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>st</i>!
<i>pst</i>! <i>bst</i>! &?;&?;&?;.   Cf. <u>Hist</u>.] <def>Be silent; be
still; hush; silence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Whist</u>, <i>interj</i>.]
<def>A certain game at cards; -- so called because it requires silence and
close attention. It is played by four persons (those who sit opposite each
other being partners) with a complete pack of fifty-two cards. Each player
has thirteen cards, and when these are played out, he hand is finished, and
the cards are again shuffled and distributed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Points are scored for the tricks taken in excess of six, and for
the honors held. In <i>long whist</i>, now seldom played, ten points make
the game; in <i>short whist</i>, now usually played in England, five points
make the game. In <i>American whist</i>, so-called, honors are not counted,
and seven points by tricks make the game.</p>

<p><hw>Whist</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Whist</u>,
<i>interj</i>.] <def>To hush or silence.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whist</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be or become silent or
still; to be hushed or mute.</def>  [R.]  <i>Surrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whist</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Properly p. p. of <i>whist</i>,
v.] <def>Not speaking; not making a noise; silent; mute; still;
quiet.</def>  "So <i>whist</i> and dead a silence."  <i>Sir J.
Harrington.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The winds, with wonder <i>whist</i>,<BR>
Smoothly the waters kissed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This adjective generally follows its noun, or is used
predicatively.</p>

<p><hw>Whis"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whistled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whistling</u> (?).] [AS. <i>hwistlian</i>; akin to Sw. <i>hvissla</i>,
Dan. <i>hvisle</i>, Icel. <i>hv&imacr;sla</i> to whisper, and E.
<i>whisper</i>. &radic;43.  See <u>Whisper</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a kind of musical sound, or series of
sounds, by forcing the breath through a small orifice formed by contracting
the lips; also, to emit a similar sound, or series of notes, from the mouth
or beak, as birds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The weary plowman leaves the task of day,<BR>
And, trudging homeward, <i>whistles</i> on the way.</blockquote>
<i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make a shrill sound with a wind or steam
instrument, somewhat like that made with the lips; to blow a sharp, shrill
tone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To sound shrill, or like a pipe; to make a
sharp, shrill sound; as, a bullet <i>whistles</i> through the
air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wild winds <i>whistle</i>, and the billows
roar.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whis"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form, utter, or modulate by whistling; as, to
<i>whistle</i> a tune or an air.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send, signal, or call by a whistle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He chanced to miss his dog; we stood still till he had
<i>whistled</i> him up.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To whistle off</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To dismiss by
a whistle; -- a term in hawking.</cd> "AS a long-winged hawk when he is
first <i>whistled off</i> the fist, mounts aloft." <i>Burton.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Hence, in general, to turn loose; to abandon; to
dismiss.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I 'ld <i>whistle</i> her <i>off</i>, and let her down the
wind<BR>
To prey at fortune.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "A hawk seems to have been usually sent off in this way,
<i>against</i> the wind when sent in search of prey; <i>with</i> or
<i>down</i> the wind, when turned loose, and abandoned."  <i>Nares.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Whis"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hwistle</i> a pipe,
flute, whistle.  See <u>Whistle</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sharp, shrill, more or less musical sound,
made by forcing the breath through a small orifice of the lips, or through
or instrument which gives a similar sound; the sound used by a sportsman in
calling his dogs; the shrill note of a bird; as, the sharp <i>whistle</i>
of a boy, or of a boatswain's pipe; the blackbird's mellow
<i>whistle</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Might we but hear<BR>
The folded flocks, penned in their wattled cotes, . . . <BR>
Or <i>whistle</i> from the lodge.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The countryman could not forbear smiling, . . . and by that
means lost his <i>whistle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They fear his <i>whistle</i>, and forsake the
seas.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The shrill sound made by wind passing among
trees or through crevices, or that made by bullet, or the like, passing
rapidly through the air; the shrill noise (much used as a signal, etc.)
made by steam or gas escaping through a small orifice, or impinging against
the edge of a metallic bell or cup.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An instrument in which gas or steam forced into
a cavity, or against a thin edge, produces a sound more or less like that
made by one who whistles through the compressed lips; as, a child's
<i>whistle</i>; a boatswain's <i>whistle</i>; a steam <i>whistle</i> (see
<i>Steam whistle</i>, under <u>Steam</u>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bells she jingled, and the <i>whistle</i>
blew.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The mouth and throat; -- so called as being the
organs of whistling.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>So was her jolly <i>whistle</i> well ywet.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let's drink the other cup to wet our
<i>whistles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Whistle duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the American
golden-eye.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whis"tle*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A gossat, or rockling; -- called also <i>whistler</i>, <i>three-
bearded rockling</i>, <i>sea loach</i>, and <i>sorghe</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whis"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hwistlere</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, whistles, or produces or
a whistling sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The ring
ousel.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The widgeon.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The golden-eye.</def>  <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<def>The golden plover and the gray plover.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hoary, or northern,
marmot (<i>Arctomys pruinosus</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The whistlefish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whis"tle*wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The American golden-eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whis"tle*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
moosewood, or striped maple.  See <u>Maple</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whis"tling</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Whistle</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Whistling buoy</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Buoy</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Whistling coot</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the American black scoter.</cd> -- <col><b>Whistling Dick</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An Australian shrike thrush
(<i>Colluricincla Selbii</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The song
thrush.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Whistling duck</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The golden-eye.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A tree duck.</cd> -- <col><b>Whistling
eagle</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small Australian eagle
(<i>Haliastur sphenurus</i>); -- called also <i>whistling hawk</i>, and
<i>little swamp eagle</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Whistling plover</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The golden plover.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The black-bellied, or gray, plover.</cd> --
<col><b>Whistling snipe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the American
woodcock.</cd> -- <col><b>Whistling swan</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The European whooper swan; -- called also <i>wild
swan</i>, and <i>elk</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An American swan
(<i>Olor columbianus</i>).  See under <u>Swan</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Whistling teal</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a tree duck, as
<i>Dendrocygna awsuree</i> of India.</cd> -- <col><b>Whistling
thrush</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of
several species of singing birds of the genus <i>Myiophonus</i>, native of
Asia, Australia, and the East Indies. They are generally black, glossed
with blue, and have a patch of bright blue on each shoulder. Their note is
a loud and clear whistle.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The song
thrush.</cd> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whis"tling*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a whistling
manner; shrilly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whist"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a whist manner;
silently.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Whit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wight</i>, <i>wiht</i>,
AS. <i>wiht</i> a creature, a thing.  See <u>Wight</u>, and cf.
<u>Aught</u>, <u>Naught</u>.] <def>The smallest part or particle
imaginable; a bit; a jot; an iota; -- generally used in an adverbial phrase
in a negative sentence.</def>  "Samuel told him every <i>whit</i>." <i>1
Sam. iii. 18.</i> "Every <i>whit</i> as great."  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So shall I no <i>whit</i> be behind in duty.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It does not me a <i>whit</i> displease.</blockquote>
<i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p><hw>White</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Whiter</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Whitest</u>.] [OE.
<i>whit</i>, AS. <i>hw&?;t</i>; akin to OFries. and OS. <i>hw&imacr;t</i>,
D. <i>wit</i>, G. <i>weiss</i>, OHG. <i>w&imacr;z</i>, <i>hw&imacr;z</i>,
Icel. <i>hv&imacr;tr</i>, Sw. <i>hvit</i>, Dan. <i>hvid</i>, Goth.
<i>hweits</i>, Lith. <i>szveisti</i>, to make bright, Russ. <i>sviet'</i>
light, Skr. <i>&?;v&?;ta</i> white, <i>&?;vit</i> to be bright. &?;&?;&?;.
Cf. <u>Wheat</u>, <u>Whitsunday</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Reflecting to the eye all the rays of the
spectrum combined; not tinted with any of the proper colors or their
mixtures; having the color of pure snow; snowy; -- the opposite of
<i>black</i> or <i>dark</i>; as, <i>white</i> paper; a <i>white</i>
skin.</def>  "Pearls <i>white</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>White as the <i>whitest</i> lily on a stream.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destitute of color, as in the cheeks, or of the
tinge of blood color; pale; pallid; as, <i>white</i> with fear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or whispering with <i>white</i> lips, "The foe!<BR>
They come! they come!"</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having the color of purity; free from spot or
blemish, or from guilt or pollution; innocent; pure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote> <i>White</i> as thy fame, and as thy honor
clear.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>No <i>whiter</i> page than Addison's remains.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Gray, as from age; having silvery hair;
hoary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your high engendered battles 'gainst a head<BR>
So old and <i>white</i> as this.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Characterized by freedom from that which
disturbs, and the like; fortunate; happy; favorable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the whole, however, the dominie reckoned this as one of
the <i>white</i> days of his life.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Regarded with especial favor; favorite;
darling.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come forth, my <i>white</i> spouse.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am his <i>white</i> boy, and will not be
gullet.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>White</i> is used in many self-explaining compounds, as
<i>white</i>-backed, <i>white</i>-bearded, <i>white</i>-footed.</p>

<p><col><b>White alder</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Sweet pepper
bush</i>, under <u>Pepper</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>White ant</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of social
pseudoneuropterous insects of the genus <i>Termes</i>. These insects are
very abundant in tropical countries, and form large and complex communities
consisting of numerous asexual workers of one or more kinds, of large-
headed asexual individuals called <i>soldiers</i>, of one or more queens
(or fertile females) often having the body enormously distended by the
eggs, and, at certain seasons of numerous winged males, together with the
larv&aelig; and pup&aelig; of each kind in various stages of development.
Many of the species construct large and complicated nests, sometimes in the
form of domelike structures rising several feet above the ground and
connected with extensive subterranean galleries and chambers. In their
social habits they closely resemble the true ants. They feed upon animal
and vegetable substances of various kinds, including timber, and are often
very destructive to buildings and furniture.</cd> -- <col><b>White
arsenic</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>arsenious oxide,
As<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, a substance of a white color, and vitreous
adamantine luster, having an astringent, sweetish taste. It is a deadly
poison.</cd> -- <col><b>White bass</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
fresh-water North American bass (<i>Roccus chrysops</i>) found in the Great
Likes.</cd> -- <col><b>White bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
polar bear.  See under <u>Polar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>White blood
cell</b></col>. <i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>See <u>Leucocyte</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>White brand</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the snow goose.</cd>
-- <col><b>White brass</b></col>, <cd>a white alloy of copper; white
copper.</cd> -- <col><b>White campion</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of catchfly (<i>Silene stellata</i>) with
white flowers.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A white-flowered Lychnis
(<i>Lychnis vespertina</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>White canon</b></col> <i>(R.
C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>a Premonstratensian.</cd> -- <col><b>White caps</b></col>,
<cd>the members of a secret organization in various of the United States,
who attempt to drive away or reform obnoxious persons by lynch-law methods.
They appear masked in white.</cd> -- <col><b>White cedar</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an evergreen tree of North America (<i>Thuja
occidentalis</i>), also the related <i>Cupressus thyoides</i>, or
<i>Cham&aelig;cyparis sph&aelig;roidea</i>, a slender evergreen conifer
which grows in the so-called cedar swamps of the Northern and Atlantic
States. Both are much valued for their durable timber. In California the
name is given to the <i>Libocedrus decurrens</i>, the timber of which is
also useful, though often subject to dry rot. <i>Goodale.</i> The white
cedar of Demerara, Guiana, etc., is a lofty tree (<i>Icica, or Bursera,
altissima</i>) whose fragrant wood is used for canoes and cabinetwork, as
it is not attacked by insect.</cd> -- <col><b>White cell</b></col>.
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>See <u>Leucocyte</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>White cell-
blood</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>leucocyth&aelig;mia.</cd> --
<col><b>White clover</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of small
perennial clover bearing white flowers. It furnishes excellent food for
cattle and horses, as well as for the honeybee.  See also under
<u>Clover</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>White copper</b></col>, <cd>a whitish alloy
of copper.  See <i>German silver</i>, under <u>German</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>White copperas</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a native hydrous
sulphate of iron; coquimbite.</cd> -- <col><b>White coral</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an ornamental branched coral (<i>Amphihelia
oculata</i>) native of the Mediterranean.</cd> -- <col><b>White
corpuscle</b></col>. <i>(Physiol.)</i> <cd>See <u>Leucocyte</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>White cricket</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the tree
cricket.</cd> -- <col><b>White crop</b></col>, <cd>a crop of grain which
loses its green color, or becomes white, in ripening, as wheat, rye,
barley, and oats, as distinguished from a <i>green crop</i>, or a <i>root
crop</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>White currant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
variety of the common red currant, having white berries.</cd> --
<col><b>White daisy</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the oxeye daisy.  See
under <u>Daisy</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>White damp</b></col>, <cd>a kind of
poisonous gas encountered in coal mines.</cd> <i>Raymond.</i> --
<col><b>White elephant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a whitish, or
albino, variety of the Asiatic elephant.</cd> -- <col><b>White
elm</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a majestic tree of North America (<i>Ulmus
Americana</i>), the timber of which is much used for hubs of wheels, and
for other purposes.</cd> -- <col><b>White ensign</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Saint George's ensign</i>, under <u>Saint</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>White
feather</b></col>, <cd>a mark or symbol of cowardice.  See <i>To show the
white feather</i>, under <u>Feather</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>White fir</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to several
coniferous trees of the Pacific States, as <i>Abies grandis</i>, and <i>A.
concolor</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>White flesher</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the ruffed grouse.  See under <u>Ruffed</u>.</cd> [Canada] --
<col><b>White frost</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Hoarfrost</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>White game</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the white
ptarmigan.</cd> -- <col><b>White garnet</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>leucite.</cd> -- <col><b>White grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
American grass (<i>Leersia Virginica</i>) with greenish-white
pale&aelig;.</cd> -- <col><b>White grouse</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The white ptarmigan.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>The prairie chicken.</cd> [Local, U. S.] -- <col><b>White
grub</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the larva of the June bug and other
allied species. These grubs eat the roots of grasses and other plants, and
often do much damage.</cd> -- <col><b>White hake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the squirrel hake.  See under
<u>Squirrel</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>White hawk</b></col>, or
<col><b>kite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hen harrier.</cd> --
<col><b>White heat</b></col>, <cd>the temperature at which bodies become
incandescent, and appear white from the bright light which they emit.</cd>
-- <col><b>White hellebore</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the
genus <i>Veratrum</i> (<i>V. album</i>) See <u>Hellebore</u>, 2.</cd> --
<col><b>White herring</b></col>, <cd>a fresh, or unsmoked, herring, as
distinguished from a <i>red</i>, or <i>cured</i>, herring.</cd> [R.]
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>White hoolet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
barn owl.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>White horses</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>white-topped waves; whitecaps.</cd> -- <col><b>The
White House</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>House</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>White
ibis</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an American ibis (<i>Guara
alba</i>) having the plumage pure white, except the tips of the wings,
which are black. It inhabits tropical America and the Southern United
States. Called also <i>Spanish curlew</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>White
iron</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Thin sheets of iron coated with
tin; tinned iron.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A hard, silvery-white cast
iron containing a large proportion of combined carbon.</cd> --
<col><b>White iron pyrites</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>marcasite.</cd> --
<col><b>White land</b></col>, <cd>a tough clayey soil, of a whitish hue
when dry, but blackish after rain.</cd> [Eng.] -- <col><b>White
lark</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the snow bunting.</cd> --
<col><b>White lead</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A carbonate of lead
much used in painting, and for other purposes; ceruse.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Min.)</i> <cd>Native lead carbonate; cerusite.</cd>
-- <col><b>White leather</b></col>, <cd>buff leather; leather tanned with
alum and salt.</cd> -- <col><b>White leg</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>milk
leg.  See under <u>Milk</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>White lettuce</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>rattlesnake root.  See under <u>Rattlesnake</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>White lie</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Lie</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>White light</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Physics)</i>
<cd>Light having the different colors in the same proportion as in the
light coming directly from the sun, without having been decomposed, as by
passing through a prism.  See the Note under <u>Color</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A kind of firework
which gives a brilliant white illumination for signals, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>White lime</b></col>, <cd>a solution or preparation of lime for
whitewashing; whitewash.</cd> -- <col><b>White line</b></col>
<i>(Print.)</i>, <cd>a void space of the breadth of a line, on a printed
page; a blank line.</cd> -- <col><b>White meat</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any light-colored flesh, especially of
poultry.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Food made from milk or eggs, as
butter, cheese, etc.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Driving their cattle continually with them, and feeding only
upon their milk and <i>white meats</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>White merganser</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
smew.</cd> -- <col><b>White metal</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any
one of several white alloys, as pewter, britannia, etc.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Metal.)</i> <cd>A fine grade of copper sulphide
obtained at a certain stage in copper smelting.</cd> -- <col><b>White
miller</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The common
clothes moth.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A common American bombycid moth
(<i>Spilosoma Virginica</i>) which is pure white with a few small black
spots; -- called also <i>ermine moth</i>, and <i>virgin moth</i>.  See
<i>Woolly bear</i>, under <u>Woolly</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>White
money</b></col>, <cd>silver money.</cd> -- <col><b>White mouse</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the albino variety of the common mouse.</cd> --
<col><b>White mullet</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, a silvery mullet
(<i>Mugil curema</i>) ranging from the coast of the United States to
Brazil; -- called also <i>blue-back mullet</i>, and <i>liza</i>. --
<col><b>White nun</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the smew; -- so called
from the white crest and the band of black feathers on the back of its
head, which give the appearance of a hood.</cd> -- <col><b>White
oak</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Oak</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>White owl</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The snowy owl.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The barn owl.</cd> --
<col><b>White partridge</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the white
ptarmigan.</cd> -- <col><b>White perch</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A North American fresh-water bass (<i>Morone
Americana</i>) valued as a food fish.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
croaker, or fresh-water drum.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>Any California
surf fish.</cd> -- <col><b>White pine</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See the
Note under <u>Pine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>White poplar</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European tree (<i>Populus alba</i>) often cultivated
as a shade tree in America; abele.</cd> -- <col><b>White poppy</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the opium-yielding poppy.  See <u>Poppy</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>White powder</b></col>, <cd>a kind of gunpowder formerly believed
to exist, and to have the power of exploding without noise.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A pistol charged with <i>white powder</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>White precipitate</b></col>. <i>(Old Chem.)</i> See under
<u>Precipitate</u>. -- <col><b>White rabbit</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The American northern hare in its winter
pelage.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An albino rabbit.</cd> --
<col><b>White rent</b></col>, <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<cd>Formerly, rent payable in silver; -- opposed to <i>black rent</i>.  See
<u>Blackmail</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
rent, or duty, of eight pence, payable yearly by every tinner in Devon and
Cornwall to the Duke of Cornwall, as lord of the soil.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>White rhinoceros</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The one-horned, or Indian, rhinoceros (<i>Rhinoceros Indicus</i>).  See
<u>Rhinoceros</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The umhofo.</cd> --
<col><b>White ribbon</b></col>, <cd>the distinctive badge of certain
organizations for the promotion of temperance or of moral purity; as, the
<i>White-ribbon</i> Army.</cd> -- <col><b>White rope</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>untarred hemp rope.</cd> -- <col><b>White
rot</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Either of several
plants, as marsh pennywort and butterwort, which were thought to produce
the disease called <i>rot</i> in sheep.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
disease of grapes.  See <i>White rot</i>, under <u>Rot</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>White sage</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a white, woolly undershrub
(<i>Eurotia lanata</i>) of Western North America; -- called also <i>winter
fat</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>White salmon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the silver salmon.</cd> -- <col><b>White salt</b></col>, <cd>salt dried
and calcined; decrepitated salt.</cd> -- <col><b>White scale</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a scale insect (<i>Aspidiotus Nerii</i>) injurious
to the orange tree.  See <i>Orange scale</i>, under <u>Orange</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>White shark</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a species of man-
eating shark.</cd> See under <u>Shark</u>. -- <col><b>White
softening</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <i>Softening of the brain</i>,
under <u>Softening</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>White spruce</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Spruce</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</cd> --
<col><b>White squall</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a sudden gust of wind,
or furious blow, which comes up without being marked in its approach
otherwise than by whitecaps, or white, broken water, on the surface of the
sea.</cd> -- <col><b>White staff</b></col>, <cd>the badge of the lord high
treasurer of England.</cd> <i>Macaulay.</i> -- <col><b>White
stork</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common European stork.</cd> --
<col><b>White sturgeon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Shovelnose</u> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>White
sucker</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The common
sucker.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The common red horse (<i>Moxostoma
macrolepidotum</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>White swelling</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a chronic swelling of the knee, produced by a strumous
inflammation of the synovial membranes of the kneejoint and of the
cancellar texture of the end of the bone forming the kneejoint; -- applied
also to a lingering chronic swelling of almost any kind.</cd> --
<col><b>White tombac</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Tombac</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>White trout</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the white weakfish,
or silver squeteague (<i>Cynoscion nothus</i>), of the Southern United
States.</cd> -- <col><b>White vitriol</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>hydrous
sulphate of zinc.  See <i>White vitriol</i>, under <u>Vitriol</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>White wagtail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common, or
pied, wagtail.</cd> -- <col><b>White wax</b></col>, <cd>beeswax rendered
white by bleaching.</cd> -- <col><b>White whale</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the beluga.</cd> -- <col><b>White
widgeon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the smew.</cd> -- <col><b>White
wine</b></col>. <cd>any wine of a clear, transparent color, bordering on
white, as Madeira, sherry, Lisbon, etc.; -- distinguished from wines of a
deep red color, as port and Burgundy.</cd>  "<i>White wine</i> of Lepe."
<i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>White witch</b></col>, <cd>a witch or wizard
whose supernatural powers are supposed to be exercised for good and
beneficent purposes.</cd> <i>Addison.</i>  <i>Cotton Mather.</i> --
<col><b>White wolf</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
light-colored wolf (<i>Canis laniger</i>) native of Thibet; -- called also
<i>chanco</i>, <i>golden wolf</i>, and <i>Thibetan wolf</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The albino variety of the gray wolf.</cd> --
<col><b>White wren</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the willow warbler; -
- so called from the color of the under parts.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1649 !></p>

<p><hw>White</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The color of pure snow; one of the natural
colors of bodies, yet not strictly a color, but a composition of all
colors; the opposite of black; whiteness.  See the Note under <u>Color</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Finely attired in a of <i>white</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something having the color of snow; something
white, or nearly so; as, the <i>white</i> of the eye.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, the central part of the butt in
archery, which was formerly painted white; the center of a mark at which a
missile is shot.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T was I won the wager, though you hit the
<i>white</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person with a white skin; a member of the
white, or Caucasian, races of men.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>A white pigment; as, Venice
<i>white</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of butterflies belonging to <i>Pieris</i>, and allied genera in which the
color is usually white.  See <i>Cabbage butterfly</i>, under
<u>Cabbage</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Black and white</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Black</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Flake white</b></col>, <col><b>Paris white</b></col>, etc. <cd>See
under <u>Flack</u>, <u>Paris</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>White of a
seed</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the albumen.  See <u>Albumen</u>, 2.</cd>
-- <col><b>White of egg</b></col>, <cd>the viscous pellucid fluid which
surrounds the yolk in an egg, particularly in the egg of a fowl. In a hen's
egg it is alkaline, and contains about 86 per cent of water and 14 per cent
of solid matter, the greater portion of which is egg albumin. It likewise
contains a small amount of globulin, and traces of fats and sugar, with
some inorganic matter.  Heated above 60&deg; C. it coagulates to a solid
mass, owing to the albumin which it contains.</cd> <i>Parr.</i> --
<col><b>White of the eye</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the white part of
the ball of the eye surrounding the transparent cornea.</cd></p>

<p><hw>White</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Whited</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Whiting</u>.] [AS.
<i>hw&imacr;tan</i>.] <def>To make white; to whiten; to whitewash; to
bleach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whited</i> sepulchers, which indeed appear beautiful
outward, but are within full of . . . uncleanness.</blockquote> <i>Matt.
xxiii. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So as no fuller on earth can <i>white</i> them.</blockquote>
<i>Mark. ix. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>White"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The canvasback.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"bait`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The young of several species of herrings,
especially of the common herring, esteemed a great delicacy by epicures in
England.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A small translucent fish
(<i>Salanx Chinensis</i>) abundant at certain seasons on the coasts of
China and Japan, and used in the same manner as the European
whitebait.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"beam`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
common beam tree of England (<i>Pyrus Aria</i>); -- so called from the
white, woolly under surface of the leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"beard`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old man; a
graybeard.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"bel`ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The American widgeon, or baldpate.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The prairie chicken.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The American coot.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"-blaze`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>White-
face</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"blow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same
as <i>Whitlow grass</i>, under <u>Whitlow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"boy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
favorite.</def>  [Obs.] See <u>White</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, 6. "One of
God's <i>whiteboys</i>."  <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of an association of poor Roman catholics
which arose in Ireland about 1760, ostensibly to resist the collection of
tithes, the members of which were so called from the white shirts they wore
in their nocturnal raids.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"boy`ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The conduct or
principle of the Whiteboys.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The European redstart; -- so
called from its white forehead.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
whitethroat; -- so called from its gray head.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The European tree sparrow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wave whose crest breaks into white foam, as
when the wind is freshening.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"coat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The skin of a
newborn seal; also, the seal itself.</def>  [Sealers' Cant]</p>

<p><hw>White"-ear`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The wheatear.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"-eye`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of small Old World singing of the genus
<i>Zosterops</i>, as <i>Zosterops palpebrosus</i> of India, and <i>Z.
c&oelig;rulescens</i> of Australia. The eyes are encircled by a ring of
white feathers, whence the name. Called also <i>bush creeper</i>, and
<i>white-eyed tit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"-face`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A white mark in the
forehead of a horse, descending almost to the nose; -- called also
<i>white-blaze</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several species of <i>Coregonus</i>, a
genus of excellent food fishes allied to the salmons. They inhabit the
lakes of the colder parts of North America, Asia, and Europe. The largest
and most important American species (<i>C. clupeiformis</i>) is abundant in
the Great Lakes, and in other lakes farther north. Called also <i>lake
whitefish</i>, and <i>Oswego bass</i>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
menhaden.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The beluga, or white
whale.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Various other fishes are locally called <i>whitefish</i>, as the
silver salmon, the whiting <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, the yellowtail, and the
young of the bluefish (<i>Pomatomus saltatrix</i>).</p>

<p><hw>White"flaw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Whitlow</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A whitlow.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>White"-foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
white mark on the foot of a horse, between the fetlock and the
coffin.</def></p>

<p><hw>White" fri`ar</hw> (?). <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A mendicant monk of the
Carmelite order, so called from the white cloaks worn by the order.  See
<u>Carmelite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>White`-front"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a white
front; as, the <i>white-fronted</i> lemur.</def></p>

<p><col><b>White-fronted goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the white
brant, or snow goose.  See <i>Snow goose</i>, under <u>Snow</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>White"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The blue-winged snow goose.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The surf scoter.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"-heart`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
somewhat heart-shaped cherry with a whitish skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"-hot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>White with heat;
heated to whiteness, or incandescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"-limed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Whitewashed or
plastered with lime.</def>  "<i>White-limed</i> walls."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>White"-liv`ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a pale
look; feeble; hence, cowardly; pusillanimous; dastardly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They must not be milksops, nor <i>white-livered</i>
knights.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><hw>White"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or coming near to,
white.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Whit"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whitened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whitening</u>.] [OE. <i>whitenen</i>; cf. Icel. <i>hv&imacr;tna</i>.]
<def>To grow white; to turn or become white or whiter; as, the hair
<i>whitens</i> with age; the sea <i>whitens</i> with foam; the trees in
spring <i>whiten</i> with blossoms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make white; to bleach;
to blanch; to whitewash; as, to <i>whiten</i> a wall; to <i>whiten</i>
cloth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The broad stream of the Foyle then <i>whitened</i> by vast
flocks of wild swans.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Blanch</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Whit"en*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, whitens; a bleacher; a blancher; a whitewasher.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>hw&imacr;tness</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being white; white
color, or freedom from darkness or obscurity on the surface.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Want of a sanguineous tinge; paleness; as from
terror, grief, etc.</def>  "The <i>whiteness</i> in thy cheek."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Freedom from stain or blemish; purity;
cleanness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had kept<BR>
The <i>whiteness</i> of his soul, and thus men o'er him wept.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Nakedness.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A flock of swans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"en*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act or process of making or becoming
white.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is used to render white;
whiting.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Whitening stone</b></col>, <cd>a sharpening and polishing stone
used by cutlers; also, a finishing grindstone of fine texture.</cd></p>

<p><hw>White"-pot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of food made
of milk or cream, eggs, sugar, bread, etc., baked in a pot.</def>
<i>King.</i></p>

<p><hw>White"rump`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The American black-tailed godwit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whites</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Leucorrh&?;a.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The finest flour made from white
wheat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Cloth or garments of a plain white
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The golden-eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"smith`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who works in tinned or galvanized iron, or
white iron; a tinsmith.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A worker in iron who finishes or polishes the
work, in distinction from one who forges it.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>White</i> + <i>-
ster</i>.] <def>A bleacher of linen; a whitener; a whitster.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>White"tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The Virginia deer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wheatear.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>White"thorn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
hawthorn.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"throat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of Old World warblers, esp. the common
European species (<i>Sylvia cinerea</i>), called also <i>strawsmear</i>,
<i>nettlebird</i>, <i>muff</i>, and <i>whitecap</i>, the garden
whitethroat, or golden warbler (<i>S. hortensis</i>), and the lesser
whitethroat (<i>S. curruca</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>White"top`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Fiorin.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"wall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The spotted flycatcher; -- so called from the white color of the under
parts.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>White"wash`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any wash or liquid composition for whitening
something, as a wash for making the skin fair.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A composition of line and water, or of whiting
size, and water, or the like, used for whitening walls, ceilings, etc.;
milk of lime.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"wash`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whitewashed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whitewashing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To apply a white liquid composition to; to
whiten with whitewash.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make white; to give a fair external
appearance to; to clear from imputations or disgrace; hence, to clear (a
bankrupt) from obligation to pay debts.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"wash`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
whitewashes.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"-wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
dangerous disease of sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
perennial composite herb (<i>Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum</i>) with
conspicuous white rays and a yellow disk, a common weed in grass lands and
pastures; -- called also <i>oxeye daisy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The chaffinch; -- so called from the white bands
on the wing.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The velvet duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The soft and easily-
worked wood of the tulip tree (<i>Liriodendron</i>). It is much used in
cabinetwork, carriage building, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Several other kinds of light-colored wood are called
<i>whitewood</i> in various countries, as the wood of <i>Bignonia
leucoxylon</i> in the West Indies, of <i>Pittosporum bicolor</i> in
Tasmania, etc.</p>

<p><col><b>Whitewood bark</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Canella</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>White"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Wild camomile.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
kind of Solomon's seal (<i>Polygonum officinale</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"flaw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Whitlow</u>.]
<def>Whitlow.</def>  [Obs.] "The nails fallen off by <i>whitflaws</i>."
<i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whith"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>whider</i>. AS.
<i>hwider</i>; akin to E. <i>where</i>, <i>who</i>; cf. Goth.
<i>hvadr&emacr;</i> whither.  See <u>Who</u>, and cf. <u>Hither</u>,
<u>Thither</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To what place; -- used interrogatively; as,
<i>whither</i> goest thou?</def> "<i>Whider</i> may I flee?"
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Sir Valentine, <i>whither</i> away so fast?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To what or which place; -- used
relatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That no man should know . . . <i>whither</i> that he
went.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We came unto the land <i>whither</i> thou sentest
us.</blockquote> <i>Num. xiii. 27.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To what point, degree, end, conclusion, or
design; whereunto; whereto; -- used in a sense not physical.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor have I . . . <i>whither</i> to appeal.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Any whither</b></col>, <cd>to any place; anywhere.</cd> [Obs.]
"<i>Any whither</i>, in hope of life eternal." <i>Jer. Taylor.</i> --
<col><b>No whither</b></col>, <cd>to no place; nowhere.</cd> [Obs.]  <i>2
Kings v. 25.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Where.  -- <u>Whither</u>, <u>Where</u>. <i>Whither</i>
properly implies motion to place, and <i>where</i> rest in a place.
<i>Whither</i> is now, however, to a great extent, obsolete, except in
poetry, or in compositions of a grave and serious character and in language
where precision is required. <i>Where</i> has taken its place, as in the
question, "<i>Where</i> are you going?"</p>

<p><! p. 1650 !></p>

<p><hw>Whith`er*so*ev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Whither</i> +
<i>soever</i>.] <def>To whatever place; to what place soever; wheresoever;
as, I will go <i>whithersoever</i> you lead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whith"er*ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In what
direction; toward what or which place.</def>  <i>R. of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whitherward</i> to turn for a good course of life was by
no means too apparent.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whit"ile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps properly, the
cutter (see <u>Whittle</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>), or cf. <i>whitewall</i>,
<i>witwal</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The yaffle.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whit"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>White</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A common
European food fish (<i>Melangus vulgaris</i>) of the Codfish family; --
called also <i>fittin</i>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A North American
fish (<i>Merlucius vulgaris</i>) allied to the preceding; -- called also
<i>silver hake</i>.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several
species of North American marine sci&aelig;noid food fishes belonging to
genus <i>Menticirrhus</i>, especially <i>M. Americanus</i>, found from
Maryland to Brazil, and <i>M. littoralis</i>, common from Virginia to
Texas; -- called also <i>silver whiting</i>, and <i>surf
whiting</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Various other fishes are locally called <i>whiting</i>, as the
kingfish <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, the sailor's choice <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, the
Pacific tomcod, and certain species of lake whitefishes.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Chalk prepared in an impalpable powder by
pulverizing and repeated washing, used as a pigment, as an ingredient in
putty, for cleaning silver, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Whiting pollack</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as
<u>Pollack</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Whiting pout</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the bib, 2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whit"ing-mop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young whiting.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A fair lass.</def>  "This pretty <i>whiting-
mop</i>."  <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whit"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>White</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Somewhat white; approaching white; white in a
moderate degree.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Covered with an opaque white
powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"ish*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being whitish or somewhat white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"leath`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>White</i> +
<i>leather</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Leather dressed or tawed with alum, salt, etc.,
remarkable for its pliability and toughness; white leather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The paxwax.  See
<u>Paxwax</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>White</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young full trout during its second
season.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whit"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>whickflaw</i>,
for <i>quickflaw</i>, i. e., a flaw or sore at the quick; cf. Icel.
<i>kvika</i> the quick under the nail or under a horse's hoof.  See
<u>Quick</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>Flaw</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An inflammation of the fingers or
toes, generally of the last phalanx, terminating usually in suppuration.
The inflammation may occupy any seat between the skin and the bone, but is
usually applied to a felon or inflammation of the periosteal structures of
the bone.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An inflammatory disease of the
feet. It occurs round the hoof, where an acrid matter is
collected.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Whitlow grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>name given to several
inconspicuous herbs, which were thought to be a cure for the whitlow, as
<i>Saxifraga tridactylites</i>, <i>Draba verna</i>, and several species of
<i>Paronychia</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whit"low-wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <i>Whitlow grass</i>, under <u>Whitlow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"mon`day</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The
day following Whitsunday; -- called also <i>Whitsun Monday</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"ney*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called after J.D.
<i>Whitney</i>, an American geologist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>an arsenide of
copper from Lake Superior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Whitsun</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Whit"sour`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>White</i> +
<i>sour</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A sort of apple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contracted fr.
<i>whitester</i>.] <def>A whitener; a bleacher; a whitester.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>whitsters</i> in Datchet mead.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whit"sun</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
observed at, Whitsuntide; as, <i>Whitsun</i> week; <i>Whitsun</i> Tuesday;
<i>Whitsun</i> pastorals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"sun*day</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>White</i> +
<i>Sunday</i>.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The seventh Sunday,
and the fiftieth day, after Easter; a festival of the church in
commemoration of the descent of the Holy Spirit on the day of Pentecost;
Pentecost; -- so called, it is said, because, in the primitive church,
those who had been newly baptized appeared at church between Easter and
Pentecost in white garments.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>See the Note under
<u>Term</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 12.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"sun*tide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Whitsunday</i> +
<i>tide</i>.] <def>The week commencing with Whitsunday, esp. the first
three days -- Whitsunday, Whitsun Monday, and Whitsun Tuesday; the time of
Pentecost.</def>  <i>R. of Gloucester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whit"ten tree`</hw> (?). [Probably from <i>white</i>; cf. AS.
<i>hwitingtre&oacute;w</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Either of two shrubs
(<i>Viburnum Lantana</i>, and <i>V. Opulus</i>), so called on account of
their whitish branches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"ter*ick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The curlew.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Whit"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>hw&imacr;tel</i>,
from <i>hwit</i> white; akin to Icel. <i>hv&imacr;till</i> a white bed
cover.  See <u>White</u>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A grayish, coarse
double blanket worn by countrywomen, in the west of England, over the
shoulders, like a cloak or shawl.</def> <i>C. Kingsley.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Same as <i>Whittle shawl</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Whittle shawl</b></col>, <cd>a kind of fine woolen shawl,
originally and especially a white one.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whit"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>thwitel</i>, fr. AS.
<i>pw&imacr;tan</i> to cut.  Cf. <u>Thwittle</u>, <u>Thwaite</u> a piece of
ground.] <def>A knife; esp., a pocket, sheath, or clasp knife.</def>  "A
butcher's <i>whittle</i>." <i>Dryden.</i> "Rude <i>whittles</i>."  <i>
Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He wore a Sheffield <i>whittle</i> in his hose.</blockquote>
<i>Betterton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whittled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whittling</u> (?).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pare or cut off the surface of with a small
knife; to cut or shape, as a piece of wood held in the hand, with a clasp
knife or pocketknife.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To edge; to sharpen; to render eager or excited;
esp., to excite with liquor; to inebriate.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"In vino veritas."  When men are well <i>whittled</i>, their
tongues run at random.</blockquote> <i>Withals.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To cut or shape a piece
of wood with am small knife; to cut up a piece of wood with a
knife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Dexterity with a pocketknife is a part of a Nantucket
education; but I am inclined to think the propensity is national. Americans
must and will <i>whittle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Willis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whit"tlings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Chips made by
one who whittles; shavings cut from a stick with a knife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"tret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
weasel.</def>  [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Whit"tues`day</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The
day following Whitmonday; -- called also <i>Whitsun Tuesday</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"wall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Whetile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"worth ball`</hw> (?). <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A prejectile used in
the Whitworth gun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whit"worth gun`</hw> (?). <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A form of rifled cannon
and small arms invented by Sir Joseph <i>Whitworth</i>, of Manchester,
England.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Mr. Whitworth's system, the bore of the gun has a polygonal
section, and the twist is rapid. The ball, which is pointed in front, is
made to fit the bore accurately, and is very much elongated, its length
being about three and one half times as great as its diameter.  <i>H. L.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whit"y-brown`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of a color between
white and brown.</def>  <i>Pegge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whiz</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Whizzed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Whizzing</u>.] [Of imitative origin. &?;&?;&?;.  Cf. <u>Whistle</u>, and
<u>Hiss</u>.] <def>To make a humming or hissing sound, like an arrow or
ball flying through the air; to fly or move swiftly with a sharp hissing or
whistling sound.</def>  [Written also <i>whizz</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It flew, and <i>whizzing</i>, cut the liquid
way.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whiz</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hissing and humming
sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Like the <i>whiz</i> of my crossbow.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whiz"zing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With a whizzing
sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Who</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Possess.</i></pos>
<u>whose</u> (?); <pos><i>object.</i></pos> <u>Whom</u> (?).] [OE.
<i>who</i>, <i>wha</i>, AS. <i>hw&amacr;</i>, interrogative pron., neut.
<i>hw&aelig;t</i>; akin to OFries. <i>hwa</i>, neut. <i>hwet</i>, OS.
<i>hw&emacr;</i>, neut. <i>hwat</i>, D. <i>wie</i>, neut. <i>wat</i>, G.
<i>wer</i>, neut. <i>was</i>, OHG. <i>wer</i>, <i>hwer</i>, neut.
<i>waz</i>, <i>hwaz</i>, Icel. <i>hvat</i>, neut., Dan. <i>hvo</i>, neut.
<i>hvad</i>, Sw. <i>ho</i>, <i>hvem</i>, neut. <i>hvad</i>, Goth.
<i>hwas</i>, fem. <i>hw&omacr;</i>, neut. <i>hwa</i>, Lith. <i>kas</i>, Ir.
& Gael. <i>co</i>, W. <i>pwy</i>, L. <i>quod</i>, neuter of <i>qui</i>, Gr.
<grk>po`teros</grk> whether, Skr. <i>kas</i>. &radic;182.   Cf. <u>How</u>,
<u>Quantity</u>, <u>Quorum</u>, <u>Quote</u>, <u>Ubiquity</u>, <u>What</u>,
<u>When</u>, <u>Where</u>, <u>Whether</u>, <u>Which</u>, <u>Whither</u>,
<u>Whom</u>, <u>Why</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Originally, an interrogative pronoun, later, a
relative pronoun also; -- used always substantively, and either as singular
or plural.  See the Note under <u>What</u>, <pos><i>pron.</i></pos>, 1.  As
interrogative pronouns, <i>who</i> and <i>whom</i> ask the question: What
or which person or persons? <i>Who</i> and <i>whom</i>, as relative
pronouns (in the sense of <i>that</i>), are properly used of persons
(corresponding to <i>which</i>, as applied to things), but are sometimes,
less properly and now rarely, used of animals, plants, etc.  <i>Who</i> and
<i>whom</i>, as compound relatives, are also used especially of persons,
meaning the person that; the persons that; the one that; whosoever.</def>
"Let <i>who</i> will be President."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] should not tell <i>whose</i> children they
were.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There thou tell'st of kings, and <i>who</i> aspire;<BR>
<i>Who</i> fall, <i>who</i> rise, <i>who</i> triumph, <i>who</i> do
moan.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Adders <i>who</i> with cloven tongues<BR>
Do hiss into madness.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whom</i> I could pity thus forlorn.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How hard is our fate, <i>who</i> serve in the
state.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Who</i> cheapens life, abates the fear of
death.</blockquote> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The brace of large greyhounds, <i>who</i> were the
companions of his sports.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One; any; one.</def>  [Obs., except in the
archaic phrase, as who should say.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>As who should say</i>, it were a very dangerous matter if
a man in any point should be found wiser than his forefathers
were.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia).</i></p>

<p><hw>Whoa</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <def>Stop; stand; hold.
See <u>Ho</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Who"bub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hubbub.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Who*ev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>Whatever person;
any person who; be or she who; any one who; as, he shall be punished,
<i>whoever</i> he may be.</def>  "<i>Whoever</i> envies or repines."
<i>Milton.</i> "<i>Whoever</i> the king favors."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whole</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hole</i>, <i>hol</i>,
<i>hal</i>, <i>hool</i>, AS. <i>h&amacr;l</i> well, sound, healthy; akin to
OFries. &amp; OS. <i>h&?;l</i>, D. <i>heel</i>, G. <i>heil</i>, Icel.
<i>heill</i>, Sw. <i>hel</i> whole, Dan. <i>heel</i>, Goth. <i>hails</i>
well, sound, OIr. <i>c&?;l</i> augury.  Cf. <u>Hale</u>, <u>Hail</u> to
greet, <u>Heal</u> to cure, <u>Health</u>, <u>Holy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Containing the total amount, number, etc.;
comprising all the parts; free from deficiency; all; total; entire; as, the
<i>whole</i> earth; the <i>whole</i> solar system; the <i>whole</i> army;
the <i>whole</i> nation.</def> "On their <i>whole</i> host I flew unarmed."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>whole</i> race of mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Complete; entire; not defective or imperfect;
not broken or fractured; unimpaired; uninjured; integral; as, a
<i>whole</i> orange; the egg is <i>whole</i>; the vessel is
<i>whole</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My life is yet <i>whole</i> in me.</blockquote> <i>2 Sam. i.
9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Possessing, or being in a state of, heath and
soundness; healthy; sound; well.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[She] findeth there her friends <i>hole</i> and
sound.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They that be <i>whole</i> need not a physician.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. ix. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When Sir Lancelot's deadly hurt was
<i>whole</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Whole blood</b></col>. <i>(Law of Descent)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Blood</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Whole note</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the note which represents a note of longest duration in
common use; a semibreve.</cd> -- <col><b>Whole number</b></col>
<i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a number which is not a fraction or mixed number; an
integer.</cd> -- <col><b>Whole snipe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
common snipe, as distinguished from the smaller jacksnipe.</cd> [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- All; total; complete; entire; integral; undivided;
uninjured; unimpaired; unbroken; healthy.  -- <u>Whole</u>, <u>Total</u>,
<u>Entire</u>, <u>Complete</u>. When we use the word <i>whole</i>, we refer
to a thing as made up of <i>parts</i>, none of which are wanting; as, a
<i>whole</i> week; a <i>whole</i> year; the <i>whole</i> creation. When we
use the word <i>total</i>, we have reference to all as taken together, and
forming a single <i>totality</i>; as, the <i>total</i> amount; the
<i>total</i> income. When we speak of a thing as <i>entire</i>, we have no
reference to parts at all, but regard the thing as an <i>integer</i>, <i>i.
e.</i>, continuous or unbroken; as, an <i>entire</i> year; <i>entire</i>
prosperity. When we speak of a thing as <i>complete</i>, there is reference
to some progress which results in a <i>filling out</i> to some end or
object, or a perfected state with no deficiency; as, <i>complete</i>
success; a <i>complete</i> victory.</p>

<p><blockquote>All the <i>whole</i> army stood agazed on him.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One <i>entire</i> and perfect chrysolite.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest <i>total</i> darkness should by night regain<BR>
Her old possession, and extinguish life.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So absolute she seems,<BR>
And in herself <i>complete</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
entire thing; the entire assemblage of parts; totality; all of a thing,
without defect or exception; a thing complete in itself.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"This not the <i>whole</i> of life to live,<BR>
Nor all of death to die.</blockquote> <i>J. Montgomery.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A regular combination of parts; a
system.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Parts answering parts shall slide into a
<i>whole</i>.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Committee of the whole</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Committee</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Upon the whole</b></col>, <cd>considering
all things; taking everything into account; in view of all the
circumstances or conditions.</cd></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Totality; total; amount; aggregate; gross.</p>

<p><hw>Whole"-hoofed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having an
undivided hoof, as the horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whole"-length`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Representing the
whole figure; -- said of a picture or statue.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A portrait or statue representing the whole
figure.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Whole"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being whole, entire, or sound; entireness; totality;
completeness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whole"sale`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sale of goods by the
piece or large quantity, as distinguished from <i>retail</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>By wholesale</b></col>, <cd>in the mass; in large quantities;
without distinction or discrimination.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Some, from vanity or envy, despise a valuable book, and
throw contempt upon it <i>by wholesale</i>.</blockquote> <i>I.
Watts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whole"sale`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Pertaining to, or engaged in, trade by the piece or large quantity;
selling to retailers or jobbers rather than to consumers; as, a
<i>wholesale</i> merchant; the <i>wholesale</i> price.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Extensive and indiscriminate; as,
<i>wholesale</i> slaughter.</def>  "A time for <i>wholesale</i> trust."
<i>Mrs. Humphry Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whole"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Wholesomer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Wholesomest</u>.]
[<i>Whole</i> + <i>some</i>; cf. Icel. <i>heilsamr</i>, G. <i>heilsam</i>,
D. <i>heilzaam</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending to promote health; favoring health;
salubrious; salutary.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wholesome</i> thirst and appetite.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From which the industrious poor derive an agreeable and
<i>wholesome</i> variety of food.</blockquote> <i>A Smith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Contributing to the health of the mind;
favorable to morals, religion, or prosperity; conducive to good; salutary;
sound; as, <i>wholesome</i> advice; <i>wholesome</i> doctrines;
<i>wholesome</i> truths; <i>wholesome</i> laws.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>wholesome</i> tongue is a tree of life.</blockquote>
<i>Prov. xv. 4.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I can not . . . make you a <i>wholesome</i> answer; my wit's
diseased.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>wholesome</i> suspicion began to be
entertained.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Sound; healthy.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Whole"some*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Whole"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Whole"-souled`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Thoroughly imbued
with a right spirit; noble-minded; devoted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whol"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
a whole or complete manner; entirely; completely; perfectly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor <i>wholly</i> overcome, nor <i>wholly</i>
yield.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To the exclusion of other things; totally;
fully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They employed themselves <i>wholly</i> in domestic
life.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whom</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wham</i>, AS. dative
<i>hw&amacr;m</i>, <i>hw&?;m</i>.  See <u>Who</u>.] <def>The objective case
of <i>who</i>.  See <u>Who</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In Old English, <i>whom</i> was also commonly used as a dative.
Cf. <u>Him</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>And every grass that groweth upon root<BR>
She shall eke know, and <i>whom</i> it will do boot.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whom`so*ev"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>The objective
of <i>whosoever</i>.  See <u>Whosoever</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Most High ruleth in the kingdow of men, and giveth it to
<i>whomsoever</i> he will.</blockquote> <i>Dan. iv. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whoo"bub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hubbub.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whoop</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See Hoopoe.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The hoopoe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whoop</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Whooped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Whooping</u>.]
[OE. <i>houpen</i>.  See <u>Hoop</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To utter a whoop, or loud cry, as eagerness,
enthusiasm, or enjoyment; to cry out; to shout; to halloo; to utter a war
whoop; to hoot, as an owl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each <i>whooping</i> with a merry shout.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When naught was heard but now and then the howl<BR>
Of some vile cur, or <i>whooping</i> of the owl.</blockquote> <i>W.
Browne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cough or breathe with a sonorous inspiration,
as in whooping cough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whoop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To insult with shouts; to
chase with derision.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And suffered me by the voice of slaves to be<BR>
<i>Whooped</i> out of Rome.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1651 !></p>

<p><hw>Whoop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A shout
of pursuit or of war; a very of eagerness, enthusiasm, enjoyment,
vengeance, terror, or the like; an halloo; a hoot, or cry, as of an
owl.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fox, crossing the road, drew off a considerable
detachment, who clapped spurs to their horses, and pursued him with
<i>whoops</i> and halloos.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>whoop</i> of the crane.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A loud, shrill, prolonged sound or sonorous
inspiration, as in whooping cough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whoop"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
whooops.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Woopher swan</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See the Note
under <u>Swan</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whoop"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Whoop</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Whooping cough</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a violent,
convulsive cough, returning at longer or shorter intervals, and consisting
of several expirations, followed by a sonorous inspiration, or whoop; chin
cough; hooping cough.</cd> <i>Dunglison.</i> -- <col><b>Whooping
crane</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a North American crane (<i>Crus
Americana</i>) noted for the loud, whooplike note which it utters.</cd> --
<col><b>Whooping swan</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the whooper swan.
See the Note under <u>Swan</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Whoot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Hoot</u>.] <def>To
hoot.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Whop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Whap</u>.</def>  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Whap</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whop"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Whapper</u>.]
</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, whops.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Same as <u>Whapper</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whore</hw> (h&omacr;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hore</i>, AS.
<i>h&omacr;re</i>; akin to D. <i>hoer</i>, <i>hoere</i>, G. <i>hure</i>,
OHG. <i>huora</i>, <i>huorra</i>, Icel. <i>h&omacr;ra</i>, Dan.
<i>hore</i>, Sw. <i>hora</i>, Goth. <i>h&omacr;rs</i> an adulterer, AS.
<i>h&omacr;r</i> adultery, OHG. <i>huor</i>, and probably to L.
<i>carus</i> dear.  Cf. <u>Charity</u>.] <def>A woman who practices
unlawful sexual commerce with men, especially one who prostitutes her body
for hire; a prostitute; a harlot.</def>  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Harlot; courtesan; prostitute; strumpet.</p>

<p><hw>Whore</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Whored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Whoring</u>.] [Cf.
Icel. <i>h&?;ra</i>.  See <u>Whore</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have unlawful sexual intercourse; to practice
lewdness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>To worship false and impure
gods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whore</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To corrupt by lewd
intercourse; to make a whore of; to debauch.</def>  [R.]
<i>Congreve.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whore"dom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>hordom</i>; cf.
Icel. <i>h&?;rd&?;mr</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The practice of unlawful intercourse with the
other sex; fornication; lewdness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>The sin of worshiping idols;
idolatry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O Ephraim, thou committest <i>whoredom</i>, and Israel is
defiled; they will not . . . turn unto their God.</blockquote> <i>Hos. v.
3, 4.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whore"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A man who practices lewdness; a lecher; a whoremonger.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One keeps or procures whores for others; a pimp;
a procurer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whore"mas`ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
character of a whoremaster; lecherous; libidinous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whore"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A whoremaster; a
lecher; a man who frequents the society of whores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whore"son</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bastard;
colloquially, a low, scurvy fellow; -- used generally in contempt, or in
coarse humor. Also used adjectively.</def>  [Archaic]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whor"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling a whore in
character or conduct; addicted to unlawful pleasures; incontinent; lewd;
unchaste.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Whor"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Whor"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Whorl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>whorvil</i> the whirl
of a spindle; akin to AS. <i>hweorfa</i> the whirl of a spindle,
<i>hweorfan</i> to turn; cf. OD. <i>worvel</i> the whirl of a spindle.  See
<u>Whirl</u>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos>] </p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A circle of two or more leaves,
flowers, or other organs, about the same part or joint of a stem.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A volution, or turn, of the
spire of a univalve shell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Spinning)</i> <def>The fly of a
spindle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whorled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Furnished with whorls;
arranged in the form of a whorl or whorls; verticillate; as, <i>whorled</i>
leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whorl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A potter's
wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Whortleberry</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The whortleberry, or bilberry.  See <u>Whortleberry</u>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whor"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
whortleberry, or bilberry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] looked ahead of him from behind a tump of
<i>whortles</i>.</blockquote> <i>R. D. Blackmore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whor"tle*ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wyrtil</i> a
small shrub (dim. of <i>wyrt</i> wort) + E. <i>berry</i>.  See <u>Wort</u>,
and cf. <u>Huckleberry</u>, <u>Hurtleberry</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In England, the fruit of <i>Vaccinium
Myrtillus</i>; also, the plant itself.  See <u>Bilberry</u>, 1.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The fruit of several shrubby plants of the genus
<i>Gaylussacia</i>; also, any one of these plants.  See
<u>Huckleberry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whose</hw> (h&oomac;z), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [OE. <i>whos</i>,
<i>whas</i>, AS. <i>hw&aelig;s</i>, gen. of <i>hw&amacr;</i>.  See
<u>Who</u>.] <def>The possessive case of <i>who</i> or <i>which</i>.  See
<u>Who</u>, and <u>Which</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whose</i> daughter art thou? tell me, I pray
thee.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxiv. 23.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The question <i>whose</i> solution I require.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whose`so*ev"er</hw> (-s&osl;*&ebreve;v"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>The possessive of <i>whosoever</i>.  See
<u>Whosoever</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Who"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>Whosoever.</def>  <i>
Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whoso</i> shrinks or falters now, . . . <BR>
Brand the craven on his brow!</blockquote> <i>Whittier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Who`so*ev"er</hw> (h&oomac;`s&osl;*&ebreve;v"&etilde;r),
<pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>Whatsoever person; any person whatever that;
whoever.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whosoever</i> will, let him take . . .
freely.</blockquote> <i>Rev. xxii. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Hot.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whur</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Probably of imitative
origin.  Cf. <u>Hurr</u>, <u>Hurry</u>, <u>Whir</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a rough, humming sound, like one who
pronounces the letter <i>r</i> with too much force; to whir; to
birr.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To snarl or growl, as a dog.</def>
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A humming or whirring
sound, like that of a body moving through the air with velocity; a
whir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whur"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Hurry</u>.]
<def>To whisk along quickly; to hurry.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Whurrying</i> the chariot with them to the
shore.</blockquote> <i>Vicars.</i></p>

<p><hw>Whurt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Whort</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Why</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>whi</i>, <i>why</i>,
AS. <i>hw&imacr;</i>, <i>hw&?;</i>, instrumental case of <i>hw&amacr;</i>,
<i>hw&aelig;t</i>; akin to Icel. <i>hv&imacr;</i> why, Dan. &amp; Sw.
<i>hvi</i>; cf. Goth. <i>hw&?;</i>. &?;.  See <u>Who</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>For what cause, reason, or purpose; on what
account; wherefore; -- used interrogatively.  See the Note under
<u>What</u>, <i>pron</i>., 1.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Turn ye, turn ye from your evil ways; for <i>why</i> will ye
die, O house of Israel?</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxxiii. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>For which; on account of which; -- used
relatively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No ground of enmity between us known<BR>
<i>Why</i> he should mean me ill or seek to harm.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Turn the discourse; I have a reason <i>why</i><BR>
I would not have you speak so tenderly.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The reason or cause for which; that on account
of which; on what account; as, I know not <i>why</i> he left town so
suddenly; -- used as a compound relative.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Why</i> is sometimes used as an interjection or an expletive
in expression of surprise or content at a turn of affairs; used also in
calling. "<i>Why</i>, Jessica!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If her chill heart I can not move,<BR>
<i>Why</i>, I'll enjoy the very love.</blockquote> <i>Cowley.</i></p>

<p>Sometimes, also, it is used as a noun.</p>

<p><blockquote>The how and the <i>why</i> and the where.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>For why</b></col>, <cd>because; why.  See <u>Forwhy</u>.</cd>
[Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Why</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young heifer.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Whyd"ah bird`</hw> (?), or <hw>Whyd"ah finch`</hw> (?) }.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The whidah bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Why"-not`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A violent and
peremptory procedure without any assigned reason; a sudden conclusive
happening.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When the church<BR>
Was taken with a <i>why-not</i> in the lurch.</blockquote>
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This game . . . was like to have been lost with a <i>why-
not</i>.</blockquote> <i>Nug&aelig; Antiq.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A variant of 1st
<u>Wick</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wich"i*tas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Wichita</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians native of the region between the Arkansas and Red rivers. They are
related to the Pawnees.  See <u>Pawnees</u>.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Wick</hw> (?), or <hw>Wich</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>w&imacr;c</i> village, fr. L. <i>vicus</i>. In some names of places,
perhaps fr. Icel. <i>v&imacr;k</i> an inlet, creek, bay.  See
<u>Vicinity</u>, and cf. <u>Villa</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A street; a village; a castle; a dwelling; a
place of work, or exercise of authority; -- now obsolete except in
composition; as, baili<i>wick</i>, War<i>wick</i>, Green<i>wick</i>.</def>
<i>Stow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Curling)</i> <def>A narrow port or passage in the
rink or course, flanked by the stones of previous players.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wicke</i>, <i>weyke</i>,
<i>weke</i>, AS. <i>weoca</i> or <i>wecca</i>; cf. D. <i>wiek</i> a roll of
lint, Prov. G. <i>wicke</i>, and <i>wieche</i>, OHG. <i>wiohha</i>, Sw.
<i>veke</i>, Dan. <i>v&aelig;ge</i>; of uncertain origin.] <def>A bundle of
fibers, or a loosely twisted or braided cord, tape, or tube, usually made
of soft spun cotton threads, which by capillary attraction draws up a
steady supply of the oil in lamps, the melted tallow or wax in candles, or
other material used for illumination, in small successive portions, to be
burned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But true it is, that when the oil is spent<BR>
The light goes out, and <i>wick</i> is thrown away.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wick</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Curling)</i> <def>To strike a
stone in an oblique direction.</def>  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wick"e</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wicked.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Piers Plowman.</i> "With full <i>wikke</i> intent."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wicked</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a wick; -- used
chiefly in composition; as, a two-<i>wicked</i> lamp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wick"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wicked</i>, fr.
<i>wicke</i> wicked; probably originally the same word as <i>wicche</i>
wizard, witch.  See <u>Witch</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Evil in principle or practice; deviating from
morality; contrary to the moral or divine law; addicted to vice or sin;
sinful; immoral; profligate; -- said of persons and things; as, a
<i>wicked</i> king; a <i>wicked</i> woman; a <i>wicked</i> deed;
<i>wicked</i> designs.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hence, then, and evil go with thee along,<BR>
Thy offspring, to the place of evil, hell,<BR>
Thou and thy <i>wicked</i> crew!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Never, never, <i>wicked</i> man was wise.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Cursed; baneful; hurtful; bad; pernicious;
dangerous.</def>  [Obs.] "<i>Wicked</i> dew."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This were a <i>wicked</i> way, but whoso had a
guide.</blockquote> <i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Ludicrously or sportively mischievous; disposed
to mischief; roguish.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pen looked uncommonly <i>wicked</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Iniquitous; sinful; criminal; guilty; immoral; unjust;
unrighteous; unholy; irreligious; ungodly; profane; vicious; pernicious;
atrocious; nefarious; heinous; flagrant; flagitious; abandoned.  See
<u>Iniquitous</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Wick"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wicked manner; in
a manner, or with motives and designs, contrary to the divine law or the
law of morality; viciously; corruptly; immorally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have sinned, and I have done <i>wickedly</i>.</blockquote>
<i>2 Sam. xxiv. 17.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wick"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being wicked; departure from the rules of the divine or
the moral law; evil disposition or practices; immorality; depravity;
sinfulness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>God saw that the <i>wickedness</i> of man was
great.</blockquote> <i>Gen. vi. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their inward part is very <i>wickedness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. v. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wicked thing or act; crime; sin;
iniquity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I'll never care what <i>wickedness</i> I do,<BR>
If this man comes to good.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wick"en tree`</hw> (?). <def>Same as <u>Quicken tree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wiker</i>,
<i>wikir</i>, osier, probably akin to AS. <i>w&imacr;can</i> to give way.
Cf. <u>Weak</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small pliant twig or osier; a rod for making
basketwork and the like; a withe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wickerwork; a piece of wickerwork, esp. a
basket.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then quick did dress<BR>
His half milk up for cheese, and in a press<BR>
Of wicker pressed it.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Same as 1st <u>Wike</u>.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wick"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of, or covered
with, twigs or osiers, or wickerwork.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each one a little <i>wicker</i> basket had,<BR>
Made of fine twigs, entrail&eacute;d curiously.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wick"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of, secured by,
or covered with, wickers or wickerwork.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ships of light timber, <i>wickered</i> with osier between,
and covered over with leather.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wick"er*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A texture of
osiers, twigs, or rods; articles made of such a texture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wick"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wiket</i>, OF.
<i>wiket</i>, <i>guichet</i>, F. <i>quichet</i>; probably of Scand. origin;
cf. Icel. <i>v&?;k</i> a small creek, inlet, bay, <i>vik</i> a corner.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small gate or door, especially one forming
part of, or placed near, a larger door or gate; a narrow opening or
entrance cut in or beside a door or gate, or the door which is used to
close such entrance or aperture. <i>Piers Plowman</i>.</def>  "Heaven's
<i>wicket</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And so went to the high street, . . . and came to the great
tower, but the gate and <i>wicket</i> was fast closed.</blockquote> <i>Ld.
Berners.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>wicket</i>, often opened, knew the key.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A small gate by which the chamber of canal locks
is emptied, or by which the amount of water passing to a water wheel is
regulated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Cricket)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
framework at which the ball is bowled. It consists of three rods, or
stumps, set vertically in the ground, with one or two short rods, called
<i>bails</i>, lying horizontally across the top.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The ground on which the wickets are set.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A place of shelter made of the boughs of trees,
-- used by lumbermen, etc.</def>  [Local, U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The space between the pillars,
in postand-stall working.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wicket door</b></col>, <col><b>Wicket gate</b></col>, <cd>a
small door or gate; a wicket.  See def. 1, above.</cd> <i>Bunyan.</i> --
<col><b>Wicket keeper</b></col> <i>(Cricket)</i>, <cd>the player who stands
behind the wicket to catch the balls and endeavor to put the batsman
out.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wick"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>the material of which wicks
are made; esp., a loosely braided or twisted cord or tape of
cotton.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wic"lif*ite</hw>, <hw>Wick"liff*ite</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Wyclifite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wic"o*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Leatherwood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wid"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Withy</u>.] <def>A
rope or halter made of flexible twigs, or withes, as of birch.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Wide</hw> (w&imacr;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Wider</u> (-&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Widest</u>.] [OE. <i>wid</i>, <i>wyde</i>, AS.
<i>w&imacr;d</i>; akin to OFries. &amp; OS. <i>w&imacr;d</i>, D. <i>wijd</i>,
G. <i>weit</i>, OHG. <i>w&imacr;t</i>, Icel. <i>v&imacr;&eth;r</i>, Sw. &
Dan. <i>vid</i>; of uncertain origin.]  <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
considerable distance or extent between the sides; spacious across; much
extended in a direction at right angles to that of length; not narrow;
broad; as, <i>wide</i> cloth; a <i>wide</i> table; a <i>wide</i> highway; a
<i>wide</i> bed; a <i>wide</i> hall or entry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The chambers and the stables weren <i>wyde</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wide</i> is the gate . . . that leadeth to
destruction.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vii. 18.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having a great extent every way; extended;
spacious; broad; vast; extensive; as, a <i>wide</i> plain; the <i>wide</i>
ocean; a <i>wide</i> difference.</def>  "This <i>wyde</i> world."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For sceptered cynics earth were far too <i>wide</i> a
den.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the <i>wide</i> bloom, on earth that lies,<BR>
Seems of a brighter world than ours.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of large scope; comprehensive; liberal; broad;
as, <i>wide</i> views; a <i>wide</i> understanding.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of strongest head and <i>widest</i>
culture.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Of a certain measure between the sides;
measuring in a direction at right angles to that of length; as, a table
three feet <i>wide</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Remote; distant; far.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The contrary being so <i>wide</i> from the truth of
Scripture and the attributes of God.</blockquote> <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Far from truth, from propriety, from necessity,
or the like.</def>  "Our <i>wide</i> expositors."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is far <i>wide</i> that the people have such
judgments.</blockquote> <i>Latimer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>wide</i> is all this long pretense !</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>On one side or the other of the mark; too far
side-wise from the mark, the wicket, the batsman, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Surely he shoots <i>wide</i> on the bow hand.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I was but two bows <i>wide</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>Made, as a vowel, with a less
tense, and more open and relaxed, condition of the mouth organs; -- opposed
to <i>primary</i> as used by Mr. Bell, and to <i>narrow</i> as used by Mr.
Sweet. The effect, as explained by Mr. Bell, is due to the relaxation or
tension of the pharynx; as explained by Mr. Sweet and others, it is due to
the action of the tongue. The wide of &emacr; (&emacr;ve) is &ibreve;
(&ibreve;ll); of &amacr; (&amacr;te) is &ebreve; (&ebreve;nd), etc.  See
<i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect; 13-15.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Wide</i> is often prefixed to words, esp. to participles and
participial adjectives, to form self-explaining compounds; as, <i>wide</i>-
beaming, <i>wide</i>-branched, <i>wide</i>-chopped, <i>wide</i>-echoing,
<i>wide</i>-extended, <i>wide</i>-mouthed, <i>wide</i>-spread, <i>wide</i>-
spreading, and the like.</p>

<p><col><b>Far and wide</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Far</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wide gauge</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under <u>Cauge</u>,
6.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wide</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [As. <i>w&imacr;de</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To a distance; far; widely; to a great distance or
extent; as, his fame was spread <i>wide</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I] went <i>wyde</i> in this world, wonders to
hear.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>So as to leave or have a great space between the
sides; so as to form a large opening.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>So as to be or strike far from, or on one side
of, an object or purpose; aside; astray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wide</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which
is wide; wide space; width; extent.</def>  "The waste <i>wide</i> of that
abyss."  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which goes wide, or to one side of the
mark.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1652 !></p>

<p><hw>Wide`-a*wake"</hw> (w&imacr;d`&adot;*w&amacr;k"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Fully awake; not drowsy or dull; hence, knowing;
keen; alert.</def>  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wide`-a*wake"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A broad-brimmed, low-
crowned felt hat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wide"gap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The angler; -- called also <i>widegab</i>, and
<i>widegut</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wide"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In a
wide manner; to a wide degree or extent; far; extensively; as, the gospel
was <i>widely</i> disseminated by the apostles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Very much; to a great degree or extent; as, to
differ <i>widely</i> in opinion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wid"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Widened</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Widening</u>.] <def>To make wide or wider; to extend in breadth; to
increase the width of; as, to <i>widen</i> a field; to <i>widen</i> a
breach; to <i>widen</i> a stocking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wid"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow wide or wider; to
enlarge; to spread; to extend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Arches <i>widen</i>, and long aisles extend.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wide"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or state of being wide; breadth; width; great extent from side to
side; as, the <i>wideness</i> of a room.</def>  "I landed in a small creek
about the <i>wideness</i> of my canoe."  <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Large extent in all directions; broadness;
greatness; as, the <i>wideness</i> of the sea or ocean.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wide"spread`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spread to a great
distance; widely extended; extending far and wide; as, <i>widespread</i>
wings; a <i>widespread</i> movement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wide"where`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Wide</u>, and
<u>Where</u>.] <def>Widely; far and wide.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Widg"eon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from an old French
form of F. <i>vigeon</i>, <i>vingeon</i>, <i>gingeon</i>; of uncertain
origin; cf. L. <i>vipio</i>, <i>-onis</i>, a kind of small crane.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of fresh-water ducks,
especially those belonging to the subgenus <i>Mareca</i>, of the genus
<i>Anas</i>. The common European widgeon (<i>Anas penelope</i>) and the
American widgeon (<i>A. Americana</i>) are the most important species. The
latter is called also <i>baldhead</i>, <i>baldpate</i>, <i>baldface</i>,
<i>baldcrown</i>, <i>smoking duck</i>, <i>wheat</i>, <i>duck</i>, and
<i>whitebelly</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bald-faced</b></col>, or <col><b>Green-headed</b></col>,
<cd>widgeon, the American widgeon.</cd> -- <col><b>Black widgeon</b></col>,
<cd>the European tufted duck.</cd> -- <col><b>Gray widgeon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The gadwall.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
pintail duck.</cd> -- <col><b>Great headed widgeon</b></col>, <cd>the
poachard.</cd> -- <col><b>Pied widgeon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The poachard.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The goosander.</cd> --
<col><b>Saw-billed widgeon</b></col>, <cd>the merganser.</cd> --
<col><b>Sea widgeon</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Spear widgeon</b></col>, <cd>the goosander.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Spoonbilled widgeon</b></col>, <cd>the shoveler.</cd> --
<col><b>White widgeon</b></col>, <cd>the smew.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
widgeon</b></col>, <cd>the wood duck.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wid"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Moderately wide.</def>
<i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wid"man*st&auml;t`ten fig"ures</hw> (?). <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Certain
figures appearing on etched meteoric iron; -- so called after A. B.
<i>Widmanst&auml;tten</i>, of Vienna, who first described them in 1808.
See the Note and <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Meteorite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wid"ow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>widewe</i>,
<i>widwe</i>, AS. <i>weoduwe</i>, <i>widuwe</i>, <i>wuduwe</i>; akin to
OFries. <i>widwe</i>, OS. <i>widowa</i>, D. <i>weduwe</i>, G.
<i>wittwe</i>, <i>witwe</i>, OHG. <i>wituwa</i>, <i>witawa</i>, Goth.
<i>widuw&?;</i>, Russ. <i>udova</i>, OIr. <i>fedb</i>, W. <i>gweddw</i>, L.
<i>vidua</i>, Skr. <i>vidhav&amacr;</i>; and probably to Skr. <i>vidh</i>
to be empty, to lack; cf. Gr. &?; a bachelor. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  Cf.
<u>Vidual</u>.] <def>A woman who has lost her husband by death, and has not
married again; one living bereaved of a husband.</def>  "A poor
<i>widow</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Grass widow</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Grass</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Widow bewitched</b></col>, <cd>a woman separated from her husband;
a grass widow.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Widow-in-mourning</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the macavahu.</cd> -- <col><b>Widow
monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small South American monkey
(<i>Callithrix lugens</i>); -- so called on account of its color, which is
black except the dull whitish arms, neck, and face, and a ring of pure
white around the face.</cd> -- <col><b>Widow's chamber</b></col> <i>(Eng.
Law)</i>, <cd>in London, the apparel and furniture of the bedchamber of the
widow of a freeman, to which she was formerly entitled.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wid"ow</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Widowed.</def>  "A
<i>widow</i> woman." <i>1 Kings xvii. 9.</i> "This <i>widow</i> lady."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wid"ow</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Widowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Widowing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To reduce to the condition of a widow; to
bereave of a husband; -- rarely used except in the past
participle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Though in thus city he<BR>
Hath <i>widowed</i> and unchilded many a one,<BR>
Which to this hour bewail the injury.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deprive of one who is loved; to strip of
anything beloved or highly esteemed; to make desolate or bare; to
bereave.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>widowed</i> isle, in mourning,<BR>
Dries up her tears.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tress of their shriveled fruits<BR>
Are <i>widowed</i>, dreary storms o'er all prevail.</blockquote> <i>J.
Philips.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Mourn, <i>widowed</i> queen; forgotten Sion,
mourn.</blockquote> <i>Heber.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To endow with a widow's right.</def>  [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To become, or survive as, the widow of.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Let me be married to three kings in a forenoon, and
<i>widow</i><BR>
<i>them all</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wid"ow bird`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Whidan
bird</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wid"ow*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man who has lost his
wife by death, and has not married again.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wid"ow*er*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of
being a widower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wid"ow*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being a widow; the time during which a woman is widow;
also, rarely, the state of being a widower.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Johnson clung to her memory during a <i>widowhood</i> of
more than thirty years.</blockquote> <i>Leslie Stephen.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Estate settled on a widow.</def>  [Obs.] "I 'll
assure her of her <i>widowhood</i> . . . in all my lands."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wid"ow-hunt`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who courts
widows, seeking to marry one with a fortune.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wid"ow*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming or like a
widow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wid"ow-mak`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who makes
widows by destroying husbands.</def>  [R.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wid"ow-wail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
low, narrowleaved evergreen shrub (<i>Cneorum tricoccon</i>) found in
Southern Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Width</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wide</u>.] <def>The
quality of being wide; extent from side to side; breadth; wideness; as, the
<i>width</i> of cloth; the <i>width</i> of a door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wid"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
widow; vidual.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Bale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wid"we</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A widow.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wield</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wielded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wielding</u>.] [OE. <i>welden</i> to govern, to have power over, to
possess, AS. <i>geweldan</i>, <i>gewyldan</i>, from <i>wealdan</i>; akin to
OS. <i>waldan</i>, OFries. <i>walda</i>, G. <i>walten</i>, OHG.
<i>waltan</i>, Icel. <i>valda</i>, Sw. <i>v&aring;lla</i> to occasion, to
cause, Dan. <i>volde</i>, Goth. <i>waldan</i> to govern, rule, L.
<i>valere</i> to be strong.   Cf. <u>Herald</u>, <u>Valiant</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To govern; to rule; to keep, or have in charge;
also, to possess.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>When a strong armed man keepeth his house, all things that
he <i>wieldeth</i> ben in peace.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Luke xi.
21).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wile [ne will] ye <i>wield</i> gold neither silver ne money
in your girdles.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Matt. x. 9.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To direct or regulate by influence or authority;
to manage; to control; to sway.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The famous orators . . . whose resistless eloquence<BR>
<i>Wielded</i> at will that fierce democraty.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her newborn power was <i>wielded</i> from the first by
unprincipled and ambitions men.</blockquote> <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To use with full command or power, as a thing
not too heavy for the holder; to manage; to handle; hence, to use or
employ; as, to <i>wield</i> a sword; to <i>wield</i> the scepter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Base Hungarian wight! wilt thou the spigot
<i>wield</i>!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Part <i>wield</i> their arms, part curb the foaming
steed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nothing but the influence of a civilized power could induce
a savage to <i>wield</i> a spade.</blockquote> <i>S. S. Smith.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To wield the scepter</b></col>, <cd>to govern with supreme
command.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wield"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
wielded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wield"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or power of
wielding.</def>  [Obs.] "Our weak <i>wieldance</i>."  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wield"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wields or
employs; a manager; a controller.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>wielder</i> of the great arm of the war.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wield"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Power; authority;
rule.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To have them in your might and in your
<i>wielding</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wield"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not to be wielded;
unmanageable; unwieldy.</def>  [R.] "<i>Wieldless</i> might."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wield"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Admitting of being
easily wielded or managed.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Golding.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wield"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
wielded; manageable; wieldable; -- opposed to <i>unwieldy</i>.</def>  [R.]
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Weir</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wier`an"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Wariangle</u>.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wier"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Wearish</u>.]
<def>Wet; moist; marshy.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wi"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Wire</u>; cf.
<u>Fiery</u>.] <def>Wiry.</def>  [Obs.] "<i>Wiery</i> gold."
<i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wife</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Wives</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>wif</i>, AS. <i>wif</i>; akin to
OFries. &amp; OS. <i>wif</i>, D. <i>wijf</i>, G. <i>weib</i>, OHG.
<i>w&imacr;b</i>, Icel. <i>v&imacr;f</i>, Dan. <i>viv</i>; and perhaps to
Skr. <i>vip</i> excited, agitated, inspired, <i>vip</i> to tremble, L.
<i>vibrare</i> to vibrate, E. <i>vibrate</i>.  Cf. Tacitus, [" Germania"
8]: Inesse quin etiam sanctum aliquid et providum putant, nec aut consilia
earum aspernantur aut responsa neglegunt.   Cf. <u>Hussy</u> a jade,
<u>Woman</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A woman; an adult female; -- now used in
literature only in certain compounds and phrases, as ale<i>wife</i>,
fish<i>wife</i>, good<i>wife</i>, and the like.</def>  " Both men and
<i>wives</i>."  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>On the green he saw sitting a <i>wife</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The lawful consort of a man; a woman who is
united to a man in wedlock; a woman who has a husband; a married woman; --
correlative of <i>husband</i>.</def>  " The husband of one <i>wife</i>."
<i>1 Tin. iii. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let every one you . . . so love his <i>wife</i> even as
himself, and the <i>wife</i> see that she reverence her
husband.</blockquote> <i>Eph. v. 33.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To give to wife</b></col>, <col><b>To take to wife</b></col>,
<cd>to give or take (a woman) in marriage.</cd> -- <col><b>Wife's
equity</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the equitable right or claim of a
married woman to a reasonable and adequate provision, by way of settlement
or otherwise, out of her choses in action, or out of any property of hers
which is under the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery, for the support
of herself and her children.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wife"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>wifh&amacr;d</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Womanhood.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The state of being a wife; the character of a
wife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wife"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a wife;
unmarried.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wife"like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
like, a wife or a woman.</def>  " <i>Wifelike</i> government."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wife"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>w&imacr;flic</i>.]
<def>Becoming or life; of or pertaining to a wife.</def>  "<i>Wifely</i>
patience."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With all the tenderness of <i>wifely</i> love.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbreviation from
<i>periwig</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A covering for the head, consisting of hair
interwoven or united by a kind of network, either in imitation of the
natural growth, or in abundant and flowing curls, worn to supply a
deficiency of natural hair, or for ornament, or according to traditional
usage, as a part of an official or professional dress, the latter
especially in England by judges and barristers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An old seal; -- so called by
fishermen.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wig tree</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Smoke tree</i>,
under <u>Smoke</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wig</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wigged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wigging</u> (?).] <def>To censure or rebuke; to hold up to reprobation;
to scold.</def>  [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Wig"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of canvaslike
cotton fabric, used to stiffen and protect the lower part of trousers and
of the skirts of women's dresses, etc.; -- so called from <i>Wigan</i>, the
name of a town in Lancashire, England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wi"geon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
widgeon.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Wigg</hw> (?), <hw>Wig</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>wegge</i> a sort of bread, G. <i>weck</i>, orig., a wedge-shaped loaf or
cake.  See <u>Wedge</u>.] <def>A kind of raised seedcake.</def>
"<i>Wiggs</i> and ale."  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wigged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the head covered
with a wig; wearing a wig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wig"ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
wig or wigs; false hair.</def>  [R.]  <i>A. Trollope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any cover or screen, as red-tapism.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fire peels the <i>wiggeries</i> away from them
[facts.]</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Wag</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Waggle</u>.] <def>To move to and fro with a
quick, jerking motion; to bend rapidly, or with a wavering motion, from
side to side; to wag; to squirm; to wriggle; as, the dog <i>wiggles</i> his
tail; the tadpole <i>wiggles</i> in the water.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq.
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wig"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of wiggling; a
wriggle.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wig"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
young, either larva or pupa, of the mosquito; -- called also
<i>wiggletail</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wig"her</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>wiehern</i>, E.
<i>whine</i>.] <def>To neigh; to whinny.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Beau. &
Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wight</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Weight.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wight</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wight</i>, <i>wiht</i>, a
wight, a whit, AS. <i>wiht</i>, <i>wuht</i>, a creature, a thing; skin to
D. <i>wicht</i> a child, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>wiht</i> a creature, thing, G.
<i>wicht</i> a creature, Icel. <i>v&aelig;tt&?;</i> a wight,
<i>v&aelig;tt&?;</i> a whit, Goth. <i>wa&iacute;hts</i>,
<i>wa&iacute;ht</i>, thing; cf. Russ. <i>veshche</i> a thing. &?;.   Cf.
<u>Whit</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A whit; a bit; a jot.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She was fallen asleep a little <i>wight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A supernatural being.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A human being; a person, either male or female;
-- now used chiefly in irony or burlesque, or in humorous language.</def>
"Worst of all <i>wightes</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Every <i>wight</i> that hath discretion.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Oh, say me true if thou wert mortal
<i>wight</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wight</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wight</i>, <i>wiht</i>,
probably of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <i>v&imacr;gr</i> in fighting
condition, neut. <i>v&imacr;gh &?;&?;&?; v&imacr;g</i> war, akin to AS.
<i>w&imacr;g</i> See <u>Vanquish</u>.] <def>Swift; nimble; agile; strong
and active.</def>  [Obs. or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>'T is full <i>wight</i>, God wot, as is a roe.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He was so wimble and so <i>wight</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They were Night and Day, and Day and Night,<BR>
Pilgrims <i>wight</i> with steps forthright.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wight"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Swiftly; nimbly;
quickly.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wig"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having or wearing no
wig.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wig"wag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Wag</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To signal by means of a flag
waved from side to side according to a code adopted for the purpose.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wig"wam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the Algonquin or
Massachusetts Indian word <i>w&emacr;k</i>, "his house," or "dwelling
place;" with possessive and locative affixes, <i>w&emacr;-kou-om-ut</i>,
"in his (or their) house," contracted by the English to <i>weekwam</i>, and
<i>wigwam</i>.] <def>An Indian cabin or hut, usually of a conical form, and
made of a framework of poles covered with hides, bark, or mats; -- called
also <i>tepee</i>.</def>  [Sometimes written also <i>weekwam</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Very spacious was the <i>wigwam</i>,<BR>
Made of deerskin dressed and whitened,<BR>
With the gods of the Dacotahs<BR>
Drawn and painted on its curtains.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p>&fist; "The <i>wigwam</i>, or Indian house, of a circular or oval shape,
was made of bark or mats laid over a framework of branches of trees stuck
in the ground in such a manner as to converge at the top, where was a
central aperture for the escape of smoke from the fire beneath. The better
sort had also a lining of mats. For entrance and egress, two low openings
were left on opposite sides, one or the other of which was closed with bark
or mats, according to the direction of the wind."  <i>Palfrey.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Wike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A temporary mark or
boundary, as a bough of a tree set up in marking out or dividing anything,
as tithes, swaths to be mowed in common ground, etc.; -- called also
<i>wicker</i>.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wike</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wic</i>.  See <u>Wick</u> a
village.] <def>A home; a dwelling.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wik"ke</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wicked.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wild</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Wilder</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Wildest</u>.] [OE.
<i>wilde</i>, AS. <i>wilde</i>; akin to OFries. <i>wilde</i>, D.
<i>wild</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>wildi</i>, G. <i>wild</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan.
<i>vild</i>, Icel. <i>villr</i> wild, bewildered, astray, Goth.
<i>wilpeis</i> wild, and G. &amp; OHG. <i>wild</i> game, deer; of uncertain
origin.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Living in a state of nature; inhabiting natural
haunts, as the forest or open field; not familiar with, or not easily
approached by, man; not tamed or domesticated; as, a <i>wild</i> boar; a
<i>wild</i> ox; a <i>wild</i> cat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Winter's not gone yet, if the <i>wild</i> geese fly that
way.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Growing or produced without culture; growing or
prepared without the aid and care of man; native; not cultivated; brought
forth by unassisted nature or by animals not domesticated; as, <i>wild</i>
parsnip, <i>wild</i> camomile, <i>wild</i> strawberry, <i>wild</i>
honey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The woods and desert caves,<BR>
With <i>wild</i> thyme and gadding vine o'ergrown.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Desert; not inhabited or cultivated; as,
<i>wild</i> land.</def>  "To trace the forests <i>wild</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Savage; uncivilized; not refined by culture;
ferocious; rude; as, <i>wild</i> natives of Africa or America.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Not submitted to restraint, training, or
regulation; turbulent; tempestuous; violent; ungoverned; licentious;
inordinate; disorderly; irregular; fanciful; imaginary; visionary;
crazy.</def>  "Valor grown <i>wild</i> by pride." <i>Prior.</i> "A
<i>wild</i>, speculative project." <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>What are these<BR>
So withered and so <i>wild</i> in their attire ?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With mountains, as with weapons, armed; which makes<BR>
<i>Wild</i> work in heaven.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>wild</i> winds howl.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Search then the ruling passion, there, alone<BR>
The <i>wild</i> are constant, and the cunning known.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Exposed to the wind and sea; unsheltered; as, a
<i>wild</i> roadstead.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Indicating strong emotion, intense excitement,
or &?;ewilderment; as, a <i>wild</i> look.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>Hard to steer; -- said of a
vessel.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Many plants are named by prefixing <i>wild</i> to the names of
other better known or cultivated plants to which they a bear a real or
fancied resemblance; as, <i>wild</i> allspice, <i>wild</i> pink, etc.  See
the Phrases below.</p>

<p><! p. 1653 !></p>

<p><col><b>To run wild</b></col>, <cd>to go unrestrained or untamed; to
live or untamed; to live or grow without culture or training.</cd> --
<col><b>To sow one's wild oats</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Oat</u>.</cd></p>

<p><col><b>Wild allspice</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>spicewood.</cd> --
<col><b>Wild balsam apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American climbing
cucurbitaceous plant (<i>Echinocystis lobata</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Wild
basil</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a fragrant labiate herb (<i>Calamintha
Clinopodium</i>) common in Europe and America.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild
bean</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of several leguminous plants,
mostly species of <i>Phaseolus</i> and <i>Apios</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild
bee</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of
undomesticated social bees, especially the domestic bee when it has escaped
from domestication and built its nest in a hollow tree or among rocks.</cd>
-- <col><b>Wild bergamot</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Bergamot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild boar</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the European wild hog (<i>Sus scrofa</i>), from which the common
domesticated swine is descended.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild brier</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any uncultivated species of brier.  See
<u>Brier</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild bugloss</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
annual rough-leaved plant (<i>Lycopsis arvensis</i>) with small blue
flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild camomile</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>one or
more plants of the composite genus <i>Matricaria</i>, much resembling
camomile.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild cat</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A European carnivore (<i>Felis catus</i>) somewhat
resembling the domestic cat, but larger stronger, and having a short tail.
It is destructive to the smaller domestic animals, such as lambs, kids,
poultry, and the like.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The common American
lynx, or bay lynx.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>A wheel
which can be adjusted so as to revolve either with, or on, the shaft of a
capstan.</cd> <i>Luce.</i> -- <col><b>Wild celery</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Tape grass</i>, under <u>Tape</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild
cherry</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any uncultivated
tree which bears cherries. The wild red cherry is <i>Prunus
Pennsylvanica</i>.  The wild black cherry is <i>P. serotina</i>, the wood
of which is much used for cabinetwork, being of a light red color and a
compact texture.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The fruit of various species
of <i>Prunus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild cinnamon</b></col>. <cd>See the Note
under <u>Canella</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild comfrey</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>an American plant (<i>Cynoglossum Virginicum</i>) of the Borage family.
It has large bristly leaves and small blue flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild
cumin</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an annual umbelliferous plant
(<i>Lag&oelig;cia cuminoides</i>) native in the countries about the
Mediterranean.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild drake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>the mallard.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild elder</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an
American plant (<i>Aralia hispida</i>) of the Ginseng family.</cd> --
<col><b>Wild fowl</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>any wild bird,
especially any of those considered as game birds.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild
goose</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of
undomesticated geese, especially the Canada goose (<i>Branta
Canadensis</i>), the European bean goose, and the graylag.  See
<u>Graylag</u>, and <i>Bean goose</i>, under <u>Bean</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wild goose chase</b></col>, <cd>the pursuit of something
unattainable, or of something as unlikely to be caught as the wild
goose.</cd> <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>Wild honey</b></col>, <cd>honey made by
wild bees, and deposited in trees, rocks, the like.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild
hyacinth</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Hyacinth</u>, 1
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild Irishman</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>a thorny bush (<i>Discaria Toumatou</i>) of the Buckthorn family, found
in New Zealand, where the natives use the spines in tattooing.</cd> --
<col><b>Wild land</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Land not cultivated,
or in a state that renders it unfit for cultivation.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Land which is not settled and cultivated.</cd> --
<col><b>Wild licorice</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Licorice</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild mammee</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the oblong, yellowish, acid fruit of a tropical American tree
(<i>Rheedia lateriflora</i>); -- so called in the West Indies.</cd> --
<col><b>Wild marjoram</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a labiate plant
(<i>Origanum vulgare</i>) much like the sweet marjoram, but less
aromatic.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild oat</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A tall, oatlike kind of soft grass
(<i>Arrhenatherum avenaceum</i>).</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>See <i>Wild
oats</i>, under <u>Oat</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild pieplant</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of dock (<i>Rumex hymenosepalus</i>) found
from Texas to California. Its acid, juicy stems are used as a substitute
for the garden rhubarb.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild pigeon</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The rock dove.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The passenger pigeon.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild
pink</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American plant (<i>Silene
Pennsylvanica</i>) with pale, pinkish flowers; a kind of catchfly.</cd> --
<col><b>Wild plantain</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an arborescent
endogenous herb (<i>Heliconia Bihai</i>), much resembling the banana. Its
leaves and leaf sheaths are much used in the West Indies as coverings for
packages of merchandise.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild plum</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any kind of plum growing without cultivation.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The South African prune.  See under
<u>Prune</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild rice</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Indian rice</i>, under <u>Rice</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild
rosemary</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the evergreen shrub <i>Andromeda
polifolia</i>.  See <i>Marsh rosemary</i>, under <u>Rosemary</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wild sage</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <u>Sagebrush</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Wild sarsaparilla</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of
ginseng (<i>Aralia nudicaulis</i>) bearing a single long-stalked leaf.</cd>
-- <col><b>Wild sensitive plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>either one of
two annual leguminous herbs (<i>Cassia Cham&aelig;crista</i>, and <i>C.
nictitans</i>), in both of which the leaflets close quickly when the plant
is disturbed.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild service</b></col>.<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Sorb</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild Spaniard</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any
one of several umbelliferous plants of the genus <i>Aciphylla</i>, natives
of New Zealand. The leaves bear numerous bayonetlike spines, and the plants
form an impenetrable thicket.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild turkey</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See 2d <u>Turkey</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wild</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An uninhabited and
uncultivated tract or region; a forest or desert; a wilderness; a waste;
as, the <i>wilds</i> of America; the <i>wilds</i> of Africa.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>then Libya first, of all her moisture drained,<BR>
Became a barren waste, a <i>wild</i> of sand.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wild</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Wildly; as, to talk
<i>wild</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wild"-cat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Unsound; worthless; irresponsible; unsafe; -- said to have been
originally applied to the notes of an insolvent bank in Michigan upon which
there was the figure of a panther.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>Running without control;
running along the line without a train; as, a <i>wild-cat</i>
locomotive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wilde"beest`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>wild</i> wild +
<i>beeste</i> beast.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The gnu.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wild"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Become wild.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An old garden plant escaped and <i>wilded</i>.</blockquote>
<i>J. Earle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wil"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wildered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wildering</u>.] [Akin to E. <i>wild</i>, Dan. for<i>vilde</i> to
bewilder, Icel. <i>villr</i> bewildered, <i>villa</i> to bewilder; cf. AS.
<i>wildor</i> a wild animal.  See <u>Wild</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and
cf. <u>Wilderness</u>.] <def>To bewilder; to perplex.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Long lost and <i>wildered</i> in the maze of
fate.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Again the <i>wildered</i> fancy dreams<BR>
Of spouting fountains, frozen as they rose.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wild"er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant growing in a state of nature; especially, one which has run wild, or
escaped from cultivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wil"der*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
bewildered; confusion; bewilderment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And snatched her breathless from beneath<BR>
This <i>wilderment</i> of wreck and death.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wil"der*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wildernesse</i>,
<i>wilderne</i>,probably from AS. <i>wildor</i> a wild beast; cf. D.
<i>wildernis</i> wilderness.  See <u>Wilder</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tract of land, or a region, uncultivated and
uninhabited by human beings, whether a forest or a wide, barren plain; a
wild; a waste; a desert; a pathless waste of any kind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wat'ry <i>wilderness</i> yields no supply.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A disorderly or neglected place.</def>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Quality or state of being wild; wildness.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These paths and bowers doubt not but our joint hands.<BR>
Will keep from <i>wilderness</i> with ease.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wild"fire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
composition of inflammable materials, which, kindled, is very hard to
quench; Greek fire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Brimstone, pitch, <i>wildfire</i> . . . burn cruelly, and
hard to quench.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An old name
for erysipelas.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A disease of sheep,
attended with inflammation of the skin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sort of lightning unaccompanied by
thunder.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wild"grave`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>wildgraf</i> or D.
<i>wildgraaf</i>.  See <u>Wild</u>, and cf. <u>Margrave</u>.] <def>A
waldgrave, or head forest keeper.  See <u>Waldgrave</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>wildgrave</i> winds his bugle horn.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wild"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A wild or
uncultivated plant; especially, a wild apple tree or crab apple; also, the
fruit of such a plant.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ten ruddy <i>wildings</i> in the wood I found.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The fruit of the tree . . . is small, of little juice, and
bad quality. I presume it to be a <i>wilding</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wild"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not tame, domesticated, or
cultivated; wild.</def>  [Poetic] "<i>Wilding</i> flowers."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The ground squirrel gayly chirps by his den,<BR>
And the <i>wilding</i> bee hums merrily by.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wild"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat wild; rather
wild.</def>  "A <i>wildish</i> destiny."  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wild"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wild manner; without
cultivation; with disorder; rudely; distractedly; extravagantly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wild"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being wild; an uncultivated or untamed state; disposition to rove or go
unrestrained; rudeness; savageness; irregularity; distraction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wild"wood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wild or unfrequented
wood. Also used adjectively; as, <i>wildwood</i> flowers; <i>wildwood</i>
echoes.</def>  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wile</i>, AS.
<i>w&imacr;l</i>; cf. Icel. <i>v&?;l</i>, <i>v&aelig;l</i>.  Cf.
<u>Guile</u>.] <def>A trick or stratagem practiced for insnaring or
deception; a sly, insidious; artifice; a beguilement; an
allurement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Put on the whole armor of God, that ye may be able to stand
against the <i>wiles</i> of the devil.</blockquote> <i>Eph. vi. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Not more almighty to resist our might,<BR>
Than wise to frustrate all our plots and <i>wiles</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wile</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
practice artifice upon; to deceive; to beguile; to allure.</def>  [R.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw or turn away, as by diversion; to while
or while away; to cause to pass pleasantly.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wile"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of wiles;
trickish; deceitful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wil"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Wil"ful*ly</hw>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, <hw>Wil"ful*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>See <u>Willful</u>, <u>Willfully</u>, and
<u>Willfulness</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wi"li*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being wily; craftiness; cunning; guile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wilk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Whelk</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Will</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wille</i>, AS.
<i>willa</i>; akin to OFries. <i>willa</i>, OS. <i>willeo</i>,
<i>willio</i>, D.  <i>wil</i>, G. <i>wille</i>, Icel. <i>vili</i>, Dan.
<i>villie</i>, Sw. <i>vilja</i>, Goth <i>wilja</i>.  See <u>Will</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The power of choosing; the faculty or endowment
of the soul by which it is capable of choosing; the faculty or power of the
mind by which we decide to do or not to do; the power or faculty of
preferring or selecting one of two or more objects.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is necessary to form a distinct notion of what is meant
by the word "volition" in order to understand the import of the word
<i>will</i>, for this last word expresses the power of mind of which
"volition" is the act.</blockquote> <i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Will</i> is an ambiguous word, being sometimes put for
the faculty of willing; sometimes for the act of that faculty, besides
[having] other meanings. But "volition" always signifies the act of
willing, and nothing else.</blockquote> <i>Reid.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Appetite is the <i>will's</i> solicitor, and the <i>will</i>
is appetite's controller; what we covet according to the one, by the other
we often reject.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>will</i> is plainly that by which the mind chooses
anything.</blockquote> <i>J. Edwards.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The choice which is made; a determination or
preference which results from the act or exercise of the power of choice; a
volition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word "will," however, is not always used in this its
proper acceptation, but is frequently substituted for "volition", as when I
say that my hand mover in obedience to my <i>will</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Stewart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The choice or determination of one who has
authority; a decree; a command; discretionary pleasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy <i>will</i> be done.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vi.
10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our prayers should be according to the <i>will</i> of
God.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Strong wish or inclination; desire;
purpose.</def></p>

<p>&fist; "<i>Inclination</i> is another word with which <i>will</i> is
frequently confounded. Thus, when the apothecary says, in Romeo and Juliet,
--</p>

<p><blockquote>My poverty, but not my <i>will</i>, consents; . . . <BR>
Put this in any liquid thing you will,<BR>
And drink it off.</blockquote></p>

<p>the word <i>will</i> is plainly used as, synonymous with
<i>inclination</i>; not in the strict logical sense, as the immediate
antecedent of action. It is with the same latitude that the word is used in
common conversation, when we speak of doing a thing which duty prescribes,
against one's own <i>will</i>; or when we speak of doing a thing
<i>willingly</i> or <i>unwillingly</i>."  <i>Stewart.</i>
</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>That which is strongly wished or
desired.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What's your <i>will</i>, good friar?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mariner hath his <i>will</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Arbitrary disposal; power to control, dispose,
or determine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Deliver me not over unto the <i>will</i> of mine
enemies.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxvii. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The legal declaration of a person's
mind as to the manner in which he would have his property or estate
disposed of after his death; the written instrument, legally executed, by
which a man makes disposition of his estate, to take effect after his
death; testament; devise.  See the Note under <u>Testament</u>,
1.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Wills are <i>written</i> or <i>nuncupative</i>, that is, oral.
See <i>Nuncupative will</i>, under <u>Nuncupative</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>At will</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>at pleasure. To hold an
estate <i>at the will</i> of another, is to enjoy the possession at his
pleasure, and be liable to be ousted at any time by the lessor or
proprietor. An estate <i>at will</i> is at the will of both parties.</cd> -
- <col><b>Good will</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Good</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Ill will</b></col>, <cd>enmity; unfriendliness; malevolence.</cd> -
- <col><b>To have one's will</b></col>, <cd>to obtain what is desired; to
do what one pleases.</cd> -- <col><b>Will worship</b></col>, <cd>worship
according to the dictates of the will or fancy; formal worship.</cd> [Obs.]
-- <col><b>Will worshiper</b></col>, <cd>one who offers will worship.</cd>
[Obs.] <i>Jer. Taylor.</i> -- <col><b>With a will</b></col>, <cd>with
willingness and zeal; with all one's heart or strength; earnestly;
heartily.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Will</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; auxiliary.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Would</u> (?). Indic. present, I <i>will</i>
(Obs. I <i>wol</i>), thou <i>wilt</i>, he <i>will</i> (Obs. he <i>wol</i>);
we, ye, they <i>will</i>.] [OE. <i>willen</i>, imp. <i>wolde</i>; akin to
OS. <i>willan</i>, OFries. <i>willa</i>, D. <i>willen</i>, G.
<i>wollen</i>, OHG. <i>wollan</i>, <i>wellan</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>vilja</i>,
Dan. <i>ville</i>, Goth. <i>wiljan</i>, OSlav. <i>voliti</i>, L.
<i>velle</i> to wish, <i>volo</i> I wish; cf. Skr. <i>v&rsdot;</i> to
choose, to prefer.  Cf. <u>Voluntary</u>, <u>Welcome</u>, <u>Well</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wish; to desire; to incline to
have.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wife as of herself no thing ne sholde [should]<BR>
<i>Wille</i> in effect, but as her husband <i>wolde</i>
[would].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Caleb said unto her, What <i>will</i> thou ?</blockquote>
<i>Judg. i. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>would</i> none of my counsel.</blockquote> <i>Prov.
i. 30.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>As an auxiliary, <i>will</i> is used to denote
futurity dependent on the verb. Thus, in first person, "I <i>will</i>"
denotes willingness, consent, promise; and when "will" is emphasized, it
denotes determination or fixed purpose; as, I <i>will</i> go if you wish; I
<i>will</i> go at all hazards. In the second and third persons, the idea of
distinct volition, wish, or purpose is evanescent, and simple certainty is
appropriately expressed; as, "You <i>will</i> go," or "He <i>will</i> go,"
describes a future event as a fact only. To emphasize <i>will</i> denotes
(according to the tone or context) certain futurity or fixed
determination.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Will</i>, auxiliary, may be used elliptically for <i>will
go</i>. "<i>I'll</i> to her lodgings."  <i>Marlowe.</i>
</p>

<p>&fist; As in <i>shall</i> (which see), the second and third persons may
be virtually converted into the first, either by question or indirect
statement, so as to receive the meaning which belongs to <i>will</i> in
that person; thus, "<i>Will</i> you go?" (answer, "I <i>will</i> go") asks
assent, requests, etc.; while "<i>Will</i> he go?" simply inquires
concerning futurity; thus, also,"He says or thinks he <i>will</i> go," "You
say or think you <i>will</i> go," both signify willingness or consent.</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Would</i>, as the preterit of <i>will</i>, is chiefly employed
in conditional, subjunctive, or optative senses; as, he <i>would</i> go if
he could; he could go if he <i>would</i>; he said that he <i>would</i> go;
I <i>would</i> fain go, but can not; I <i>would</i> that I were young
again; and other like phrases. In the last use, the first personal pronoun
is often omitted; as, <i>would</i> that he were here; <i>would</i> to
Heaven that it were so; and, omitting the <i>to</i> in such an adjuration.
"<i>Would</i> God I had died for thee." <i>Would</i> is used for both
present and future time, in conditional propositions, and <i>would have</i>
for past time; as, he <i>would</i> go now if he were ready; if it should
rain, he <i>would</i> not go; he <i>would have</i> gone, had he been able.
<i>Would not</i>, as also <i>will not</i>, signifies refusal. "He was
angry, and <i>would not</i> go in." <i>Luke xv. 28.</i>  <i>Would</i> is
never a past participle.</p>

<p>&fist; In Ireland, Scotland, and the United States, especially in the
southern and western portions of the United States, <i>shall</i> and
<i>will</i>, <i>should</i> and <i>would</i>, are often misused, as in the
following examples: --</p>

<p><blockquote>I am able to devote as much time and attention to other
subjects as I <i>will</i> [shall] be under the necessity of doing next
winter.</blockquote> <i>Chalmers.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A countryman, telling us what he had seen, remarked that if
the conflagration went on, as it was doing, we <i>would</i> [should] have,
as our next season's employment, the Old Town of Edinburgh to
rebuild.</blockquote> <i>H. Miller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I feel assured that I <i>will</i> [shall] not have the
misfortune to find conflicting views held by one so enlightened as your
excellency.</blockquote> <i>J. Y. Mason.</i>
</p>

<p><! p. 1654 !></p>

<p><hw>Will</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be willing; to be
inclined or disposed; to be pleased; to wish; to desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And behold, there came a leper and worshiped him, saying,
Lord if thou <i>wilt</i>, thou canst make me clean. And Jesus . . . touched
him, saying, I <i>will</i>; be thou clean.</blockquote> <i>Matt. viii. 2,
3.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word has been confused with <i>will</i>, v. i., to choose,
which, unlike this, is of the weak conjugation.</p>

<p><col><b>Will I, nill I</b></col>, or <col><b>Will ye, hill ye</b></col>,
or <col><b>Will he, nill he</b></col>, <cd>whether I, you, or he will it or
not; hence, without choice; compulsorily; -- sometimes corrupted into
<i>willy nilly</i>.</cd> "If I must take service <i>willy nilly</i>." <i>J.
H. Newman.</i> "Land for all who would till it, and reading and writing
<i>will ye, nill ye</i>."  <i>Lowell.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Will</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Willed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Willing</u>. Indic.
present I <i>will</i>, thou <i>willeth</i>, he <i>wills</i>; we, ye, they
<i>will</i>.] [Cf. AS. <i>willian</i>.  See <u>Will</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form a distinct volition of; to determine by
an act of choice; to ordain; to decree.</def>  "What she <i>will</i> to do
or say."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By all law and reason, that which the Parliament <i>will</i>
not, is no more established in this kingdom.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Two things he [God] <i>willeth</i>, that we should be good,
and that we should be happy.</blockquote> <i>Barrow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To enjoin or command, as that which is
determined by an act of volition; to direct; to order.</def>  [Obs. or
R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>willed</i> me say so, madam.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Send for music,<BR>
And <i>will</i> the cooks to use their best of <i>cunning</i><BR>
To please the palate.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As you go, <i>will</i> the lord mayor . . . <BR>
To attend our further pleasure presently.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give or direct the disposal of by testament;
to bequeath; to devise; as, to <i>will</i> one's estate to a child; also,
to order or direct by testament; as, he <i>willed</i> that his nephew
should have his watch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Will</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To exercise an act of
volition; to choose; to decide; to determine; to decree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At Winchester he lies, so himself
<i>willed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Robert of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He that shall turn his thoughts inward upon what passes in
his own mind when he <i>wills</i>.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I contend for liberty as it signifies a power in man to do
as he <i>wills</i> or pleases.</blockquote> <i>Collins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wil"lem*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Willem</i> I.,
king of the Netherlands.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A silicate of zinc, usually
occurring massive and of a greenish yellow color, also in reddish crystals
(troostite) containing manganese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Will"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wil"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large North American snipe (<i>Symphemia semipalmata</i>); -- called also
<i>pill-willet</i>, <i>will-willet</i>, <i>semipalmated tattler</i>, or
<i>snipe</i>, <i>duck snipe</i>, and <i>stone curlew</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carolina willet</b></col>, <cd>the Hudsonian godwit.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Will"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Will</i> + <i>full</i>.]
[Written also <i>wilful</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of set purpose; self-determined; voluntary; as,
<i>willful</i> murder.</def>  <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In <i>willful poverty chose to lead his
life</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou to me<BR>
Art all things under heaven, all places thou,<BR>
Who, for my <i>willful</i> crime, art banished hence.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Governed by the will without yielding to reason;
obstinate; perverse; inflexible; stubborn; refractory; as, a <i>willful</i>
man or horse.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Will"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Will"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wil"li*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who works at a
willying machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Will"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Will</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Free to do or to grant; having the mind
inclined; not opposed in mind; not choosing to refuse; disposed; not
averse; desirous; consenting; complying; ready.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Felix, <i>willing</i> to show the Jews a pleasure, left Paul
bound.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxiv. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With wearied wings and <i>willing</i> feet.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Fruit] shaken in August from the <i>willing</i>
boughs.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Received of choice, or without reluctance;
submitted to voluntarily; chosen; desired.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] are held, with his melodious harmony,<BR>
In <i>willing</i> chains and sweet captivity.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Spontaneous; self-moved.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>No spouts of blood run <i>willing</i> from a
tree.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Will"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a willing manner;
with free will; without reluctance; cheerfully.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The condition of that people is not so much to be envied as
some would <i>willingly</i> represent it.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Will"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being willing; free choice or consent of the will; freedom from
reluctance; readiness of the mind to do or forbear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sweet is the love which comes with
<i>willingness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wil"li*waw</hw>, <hw>Wil"ly*waw</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A whirlwind, or whirlwind squall, encountered in the
Straits of Magellan.</def>  <i>W. C. Russell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wil"lock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The common guillemot.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The puffin.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Will"-o'-the-wisp`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Ignis
fatuus</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wil"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wilowe</i>,
<i>wilwe</i>, AS. <i>wilig</i>, <i>welig</i>; akin to OD. <i>wilge</i>, D.
<i>wilg</i>, LG. <i>wilge</i>.  Cf. <u>Willy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any tree or shrub of the genus
<i>Salix</i>, including many species, most of which are characterized often
used as an emblem of sorrow, desolation, or desertion. "A wreath of
<i>willow</i> to show my forsaken plight." <i>Sir W. Scott.</i> Hence, a
lover forsaken by, or having lost, the person beloved, is said to <i>wear
the willow</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And I must <i>wear the willow</i> garland<BR>
For him that's dead or false to me.</blockquote> <i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Textile Manuf.)</i> <def>A machine in which
cotton or wool is opened and cleansed by the action of long spikes
projecting from a drum which revolves within a box studded with similar
spikes; -- probably so called from having been originally a cylindrical
cage made of willow rods, though some derive the term from <i>winnow</i>,
as denoting the winnowing, or cleansing, action of the machine. Called also
<i>willy</i>, <i>twilly</i>, <i>twilly devil</i>, and
<i>devil</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Almond willow</b></col>, <col><b>Pussy willow</b></col>,
<col><b>Weeping willow</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Almond</u>, <u>Pussy</u>, and <u>Weeping</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Willow
biter</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>the blue tit.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Willow fly</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a greenish European
stone fly (<i>Chloroperla viridis</i>); -- called also <i>yellow
Sally</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Willow gall</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
conical, scaly gall produced on willows by the larva of a small dipterous
fly (<i>Cecidomyia strobiloides</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Willow
grouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the white ptarmigan.  See
<u>ptarmigan</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Willow lark</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the sedge warbler.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] --
<col><b>Willow ptarmigan</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The European reed bunting, or black-headed bunting.  See under
<u>Reed</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A sparrow (<i>Passer
salicicolus</i>) native of Asia, Africa, and Southern Europe.</cd> --
<col><b>Willow tea</b></col>, <cd>the prepared leaves of a species of
willow largely grown in the neighborhood of Shanghai, extensively used by
the poorer classes of Chinese as a substitute for tea.</cd>
<i>McElrath.</i> -- <col><b>Willow thrush</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a variety of the veery, or Wilson's thrush.  See <u>Veery</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Willow warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a very small
European warbler (<i>Phylloscopus trochilus</i>); -- called also <i>bee
bird</i>, <i>haybird</i>, <i>golden wren</i>, <i>pettychaps</i>, <i>sweet
William</i>, <i>Tom Thumb</i>, and <i>willow wren</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wil"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To open and cleanse,
as cotton, flax, or wool, by means of a willow.  See <u>Willow</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wil"lowed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Abounding with
willows; containing willows; covered or overgrown with willows.</def>
"<i>Willowed</i> meads."  <i>Collins.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wil"low*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A willow.  See
<u>Willow</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wil"low-herb`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
perennial herb (<i>Epilobium spicatum</i>) with narrow willowlike leaves
and showy rose-purple flowers. The name is sometimes made to include other
species of the same genus.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Spiked willow-herb</b></col>, <cd>a perennial herb (<i>Lythrum
Salicaria</i>) with willowy leaves and spiked purplish flowers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wil"low*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the color of the
willow; resembling the willow; willowy.</def>  <i>Walton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wil"low-thorn`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
thorny European shrub (<i>Hippopha&euml; rhamnoides</i>) resembling a
willow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wil"low-weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A European species of loosestrife (<i>Lysimachia
vulgaris</i>).</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any kind of Polygonum with
willowlike foliage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wil"low-wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Willow-weed</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any plant of the order <i>Salicace&aelig;</i>, or
the Willow family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wil"low*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with willows.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where <i>willowy</i> Camus lingers with
delight.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling a willow; pliant; flexible; pendent;
drooping; graceful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Will"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>wilsome</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Willful; obstinate.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fat; indolent.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Doubtful; uncertain.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Will"some*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wil"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Willow</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large wicker basket.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Textile Manuf.)</i> <def>Same as 1st
<u>Willow</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wil"ly*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of cleansing
wool, cotton, or the like, with a willy, or willow.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Willying machine</b></col>. <cd>Same as 1st <u>Willow</u>,
2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wil"ly nil"ly</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Will I, nill I</i>, etc., under
3d <u>Will</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wil"ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wilnian</i>.]
<def>To wish; to desire.</def>  [Obs.] "He <i>willneth</i> no destruction."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wilt</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>2d pers. sing.</i></pos> of
<u>Will</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wilt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wilting</u>.] [Written also <i>welt</i>, a modification of <i>welk</i>.]
<def>To begin to wither; to lose freshness and become flaccid, as a plant
when exposed when exposed to drought, or to great heat in a dry day, or
when separated from its root; to droop;. to wither.</def>  [Prov. Eng. &amp; U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wilt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause
to begin to wither; to make flaccid, as a green plant.</def>  [Prov. Eng.
U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to cause to languish; to depress or
destroy the vigor and energy of.</def>  [Prov. Eng. &amp; U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Despots have <i>wilted</i> the human race into sloth and
imbecility.</blockquote> <i>Dr. T. Dwight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wil"ton car`pet</hw> (?). <def>A kind of carpet woven with loops
like the Brussels, but differing from it in having the loops cut so as to
form an elastic velvet pile; -- so called because made originally at
<i>Wilton</i>, England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wil"we</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Willow.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wil"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Wilier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Wiliest</u>.] [From
<u>Wile</u>.] <def>Full of wiles, tricks, or stratagems; using craft or
stratagem to accomplish a purpose; mischievously artful; subtle.</def>
"<i>Wily</i> and wise." <i>Chaucer.</i> "The <i>wily</i> snake."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This false, <i>wily</i>, doubling disposition of
mind.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Cunning; artful; sly; crafty.  See <u>Cunning</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Wim"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wimbil</i>; akin to
Dan. <i>vimmel</i>, OD. <i>wemelen</i> to bore.  Cf. <u>Gimlet</u>.]
<def>An instrument for boring holes, turned by a handle.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A gimlet.</def>  " It is but like
the little <i>wimble</i>, to let in the greater auger." <i>Selden.</i>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A stonecutter's brace for boring holes in
stone.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An auger used for boring in
earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wim"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wimbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wimbling</u> (?).] <def>To bore or pierce, as with a wimble.</def>  "A
foot soldier . . . <i>wimbled</i> also a hole through said coffin."
<i>Wood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wim"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>vimmel</i>kantig
giddy, whimsical, dial. Sw. <i>vimmla</i> to be giddy or skittish, and E.
<i>whim</i>.] <def>Active; nimble.</def>[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wim"brel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
whimbrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wim"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wimpel</i>, AS.
<i>winpel</i>; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>wimpel</i> a pennant, streamer, OHG.
<i>wimpal</i> a veil, Icel. <i>vimpill</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>vimpel</i> a
pennant, streamer; of uncertain origin.  Cf. <u>Gimp</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A covering of silk, linen, or other material,
for the neck and chin, formerly worn by women as an outdoor protection, and
still retained in the dress of nuns.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full seemly her <i>wympel</i> ipinched is.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For she had laid her mournful stole aside,<BR>
And widowlike sad <i>wimple</i> thrown away.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then Vivian rose,<BR>
And from her brown-locked head the <i>wimple</i> throws.</blockquote> <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A flag or streamer.</def>  <i>Weale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wim"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wimpled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wimpling</u> (?).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To clothe with a wimple; to cover, as with a
veil; hence, to hoodwink.</def>  "She sat <i>ywympled</i> well."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>wimpled</i>, whining, purblind, wayward
boy.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To draw down, as a veil; to lay in folds or
plaits, as a veil.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to appear as if laid in folds or
plaits; to cause to ripple or undulate; as, the wind <i>wimples</i> the
surface of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wim"ple</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To lie in folds; also, to
appear as if laid in folds or plaits; to ripple; to undulate.</def>
"<i>Wimpling</i> waves."  <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For with a veil, that <i>wimpled</i> everywhere,<BR>
Her head and face was hid.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With me through . . . meadows stray,<BR>
Where <i>wimpling</i> waters make their way.</blockquote>
<i>Ramsay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Won</u> (?), Obs. <u>Wan</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Winning</u>.] [OE. <i>winnen</i>, AS. <i>winnan</i> to
strive, labor, fight, endure; akin to OFries. <i>winna</i>, OS.
<i>winnan</i>, D. <i>winnen</i> to win, gain, G. ge<i>winnen</i>, OHG.
<i>winnan</i> to strive, struggle, Icel. <i>vinna</i> to labor, suffer,
win, Dan. <i>vinde</i> to win, Sw.  <i>vinna</i>, Goth. <i>winnan</i> to
suffer, Skr. <i>van</i> to wish, get, gain, conquer. &radic;138.  Cf.
<u>Venerate</u>, <u>Winsome</u>, <u>Wish</u>, <u>Wont</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To gain by superiority in competition or
contest; to obtain by victory over competitors or rivals; as, to <i>win</i>
the prize in a gate; to <i>win</i> money; to <i>win</i> a battle, or to
<i>win</i> a country.</def>  "This city for to <i>win</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i>
"Who thus shall Canaan <i>win</i>."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy well-breathed horse<BR>
Impels the flying car, and <i>wins</i> the course.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To allure to kindness; to bring to compliance;
to gain or obtain, as by solicitation or courtship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy virtue <i>wan</i> me; with virtue preserve
me.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She is a woman; therefore to be <i>won</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To gain over to one's side or party; to obtain
the favor, friendship, or support of; to render friendly or approving; as,
to <i>win</i> an enemy; to <i>win</i> a jury.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To come to by toil or effort; to reach; to
overtake.</def>  [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Even in the porch he him did <i>win</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And when the stony path began,<BR>
By which the naked peak they <i>wan</i>,<BR>
Up flew the snowy ptarmigan.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>To extract, as ore or
coal.</def>  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To gain; get; procure; earn.  See <u>Gain</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Win</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gain the victory; to be
successful; to triumph; to prevail.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor is it aught but just<BR>
That he, who in debate of truth hath <i>won</i>,<BR>
should <i>win</i> in arms.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To win of</b></col>, <cd>to be conqueror over.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To win on</b></col> or <col><b>upon</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To gain favor or influence with.</cd> "You have a
softness and beneficence <i>winning on</i> the hearts of others."
<i>Dryden.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To gain ground on.</cd> "The rabble
. . . will in time <i>win upon</i> power." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wince</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Winced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wincing</u> (?).] [OE. <i>wincen</i>, <i>winchen</i>, OF.
<i>quencir</i>, <i>guenchir</i>, <i>guenchier</i>, <i>giencier</i>,
<i>guinchier</i>, and (assumed) <i>winchier</i>, <i>winchir</i>, to give
way, to turn aside, fr. OHG. <i>wankjan</i>, <i>wenken</i>, to give way, to
waver, fr.  <i>winchan</i> to turn aside, to nod, akin to E. <i>wink</i>.
See <u>Wink</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shrink, as from a blow, or from pain; to
flinch; to start back.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will not stir, nor <i>wince</i>, nor speak a
word.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To kick or flounce when unsteady, or impatient
at a rider; as, a horse <i>winces</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wince</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who
winces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wince</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Winch</u>.] <i>(Dyeing &
Calico Printing)</i> <def>A reel used in dyeing, steeping, or washing
cloth; a winch. It is placed over the division wall between two wince pits
so as to allow the cloth to descend into either compartment. at
will.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wince pit</b></col>, <col><b>Wince pot</b></col>, <cd>a tank or
a pit where cloth in the process of dyeing or manufacture is washed, dipped
in a mordant, or the like.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Win"cer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
winces, shrinks, or kicks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Win"cey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Linsey-
woolsey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Winch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Wince</u>.] <def>To
wince; to shrink; to kick with impatience or uneasiness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Winch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kick, as of a beast, from
impatience or uneasiness.</def>  <i>Shelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Winch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>winche</i>, AS.
<i>wince</i> a winch, a reel to wind thread upon.  Cf. <u>Wink</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crank with a handle, for giving motion to a
machine, a grindstone, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument with which to turn or strain
something forcibly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An axle or drum turned by a crank with a handle,
or by power, for raising weights, as from the hold of a ship, from mines,
etc.; a windlass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A wince.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1655 !></p>

<p><hw>Win"cing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of washing
cloth, dipping it in dye, etc., with a wince.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wincing machine</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A wince.</cd>
<i>Ure.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A succession of winces.  See
<u>Wince</u>.</cd>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"co*pipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
little red flower, no doubt the pimpernel, which, when it opens in the
morning, is supposed to bode a fair day.  See <u>Pimpernel</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is small red flower in the stubble fields, which
country people call the <i>wincopipe</i>; which if it opens in the morning,
you may be sure a fair day will follow.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wound</u> (wound) (rarely <u>Winded</u>); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Winding</u>.] [OE. <i>winden</i>, AS. <i>windan</i>;
akin to OS. <i>windan</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>winden</i>, OHG. <i>wintan</i>, Icel.
& Sw. <i>vinda</i>, Dan. <i>vinde</i>, Goth. <i>windan</i> (in comp.).  Cf.
<u>Wander</u>, <u>Wend</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn completely, or with repeated turns;
especially, to turn about something fixed; to cause to form convolutions
about anything; to coil; to twine; to twist; to wreathe; as, to <i>wind</i>
thread on a spool or into a ball.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether to <i>wind</i><BR>
The woodbine round this arbor.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To entwist; to infold; to encircle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Sleep, and I will <i>wind</i> thee in arms.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To have complete control over; to turn and bend
at one's pleasure; to vary or alter or will; to regulate; to govern.</def>
"To turn and <i>wind</i> a fiery Pegasus."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In his terms so he would him <i>wind</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gifts blind the wise, and bribes do please<BR>
And <i>wind</i> all other witnesses.</blockquote> <i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Were our legislature vested in the prince, he might
<i>wind</i> and turn our constitution at his pleasure.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To introduce by insinuation; to
insinuate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You have contrived . . . to <i>wind</i><BR>
Yourself into a power tyrannical.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Little arts and dexterities they have to <i>wind</i> in such
things into discourse.</blockquote> <i>Gov. of Tongue.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cover or surround with something coiled
about; as, to <i>wind</i> a rope with twine.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To wind off</b></col>, <cd>to unwind; to uncoil.</cd> --
<col><b>To wind out</b></col>, <cd>to extricate.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Clarendon.</i> -- <col><b>To wind up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>To coil into a ball or small compass, as a skein of thread; to coil
completely.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To bring to a conclusion or
settlement; as, <i>to wind up</i> one's affairs; to <i>wind up</i> an
argument.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To put in a state of renewed or
continued motion, as a clock, a watch, etc., by winding the spring, or that
which carries the weight; hence, to prepare for continued movement or
action; to put in order anew.</cd>  "Fate seemed <i>to wind</i> him
<i>up</i> for fourscore years." <i>Dryden.</i> "Thus they <i>wound up</i>
his temper to a pitch." <i>Atterbury.</i> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>To
tighten (the strings) of a musical instrument, so as to tune it.</cd>
"<i>Wind up</i> the slackened strings of thy lute." <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
turn completely or repeatedly; to become coiled about anything; to assume a
convolved or spiral form; as, vines <i>wind</i> round a pole.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>So swift your judgments turn and <i>wind</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To have a circular course or direction; to
crook; to bend; to meander; as, to <i>wind</i> in and out among
trees.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And where the valley <i>winded</i> out below,<BR>
The murmuring main was heard, and scarcely heard, to flow.</blockquote>
<i>Thomson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He therefore turned him to the steep and rocky path which .
. . <i>winded</i> through the thickets of wild boxwood and other low
aromatic shrubs.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To go to the one side or the other; to move this
way and that; to double on one's course; as, a hare pursued turns and
<i>winds</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The lowing herd <i>wind</i> &?;lowly o'er the
lea.</blockquote> <i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To wind out, to extricate one's self; to escape.<BR>
Long struggling underneath are they could <i>wind</i><BR>
<i>Out</i> of such prison.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of winding or
turning; a turn; a bend; a twist; a winding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind</hw> (w&ibreve;nd, <i>in poetry and singing often</i>
w&imacr;nd; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wind</i>; akin to OS.,
OFries., D., &amp; G. <i>wind</i>, OHG. <i>wint</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>vind</i>,
Icel. <i>vindr</i>, Goth <i>winds</i>, W. <i>gwynt</i>, L. <i>ventus</i>,
Skr. <i>v&amacr;ta</i> (cf. Gr. <grk>'ah`ths</grk> a blast, gale,
<grk>'ah^nai</grk> to breathe hard, to blow, as the wind); originally a p.
pr. from the verb seen in Skr. <i>v&amacr;</i> to blow, akin to AS.
<i>w&amacr;wan</i>, D. <i>waaijen</i>, G. <i>wehen</i>, OHG.
<i>w&amacr;en</i>, <i>w&amacr;jen</i>, Goth. <i>waian</i>. &radic;131.  Cf.
<u>Air</u>, <u>Ventail</u>, <u>Ventilate</u>, <u>Window</u>,
<u>Winnow</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Air naturally in motion with any degree of
velocity; a current of air.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Except <i>wind</i> stands as never it stood,<BR>
It is an ill <i>wind</i> that turns none to good.</blockquote>
<i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Winds</i> were soft, and woods were green.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Air artificially put in motion by any force or
action; as, the <i>wind</i> of a cannon ball; the <i>wind</i> of a
bellows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Breath modulated by the respiratory and vocal
organs, or by an instrument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their instruments were various in their kind,<BR>
Some for the bow, and some for breathing <i>wind</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Power of respiration; breath.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If my <i>wind</i> were but long enough to say my prayers, I
would repent.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Air or gas generated in the stomach or bowels;
flatulence; as, to be troubled with <i>wind</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Air impregnated with an odor or scent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A pack of dogfish had him in the <i>wind</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A direction from which the wind may blow; a
point of the compass; especially, one of the cardinal points, which are
often called the <i>four winds</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come from the four <i>winds</i>, O breath, and breathe upon
these slain.</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xxxvii. 9.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This sense seems to have had its origin in the East. The Hebrews
gave to each of the four cardinal points the name of <i>wind</i>.</p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A disease of sheep, in which the
intestines are distended with air, or rather affected with a violent
inflammation. It occurs immediately after shearing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>Mere breath or talk; empty effort; idle
words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor think thou with <i>wind</i><BR>
Of airy threats to awe.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>10.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The dotterel.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p>&fist; <i>Wind</i> is often used adjectively, or as the first part of
compound words.</p>

<p><col><b>All in the wind</b></col>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>All</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Before the wind</b></col>.
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Before</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Between wind
and water</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>in that part of a ship's side or
bottom which is frequently brought above water by the rolling of the ship,
or fluctuation of the water's surface. Hence, colloquially, (as an injury
to that part of a vessel, in an engagement, is particularly dangerous) the
vulnerable part or point of anything.</cd> -- <col><b>Cardinal
winds</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Cardinal</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -
- <col><b>Down the wind</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>In the direction
of, and moving with, the wind; as, birds fly swiftly <i>down the
wind</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Decaying; declining; in a state of
decay.</cd>  [Obs.]  "He went <i>down the wind</i> still."
<i>L'Estrange.</i> -- <col><b>In the wind's eye</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>directly toward the point from which the wind blows.</cd> --
<col><b>Three sheets in the wind</b></col>, <cd>unsteady from drink.</cd>
[Sailors' Slang] -- <col><b>To be in the wind</b></col>, <cd>to be
suggested or expected; to be a matter of suspicion or surmise.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>To carry the wind</b></col> <i>(Man.)</i>, <cd>to toss
the nose as high as the ears, as a horse.</cd> -- <col><b>To raise the
wind</b></col>, <cd>to procure money.</cd> [Colloq.] --
<col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>take, or have</b></col>, <col><b>the
wind</b></col>, <cd>to gain or have the advantage.</cd> <i>Bacon.</i> --
<col><b>To take the wind out of one's sails</b></col>, <cd>to cause one to
stop, or lose way, as when a vessel intercepts the wind of another.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>To take wind</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>To get
wind</b></col>, <cd>to be divulged; to become public; as, the story <i>got
wind</i>, or <i>took wind</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wind band</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a band of wind instruments; a military band; the wind
instruments of an orchestra.</cd> -- <col><b>Wind chest</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>a chest or reservoir of wind in an organ.</cd> --
<col><b>Wind dropsy</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Tympanites.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Emphysema of the subcutaneous
areolar tissue.</cd> -- <col><b>Wind egg</b></col>, <cd>an imperfect,
unimpregnated, or addled egg.</cd> -- <col><b>Wind furnace</b></col>.
<cd>See the Note under <u>Furnace</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wind
gauge</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Gauge</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wind
gun</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Air gun</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wind
hatch</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>the opening or place where the ore is
taken out of the earth.</cd> -- <col><b>Wind instrument</b></col>
<i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>an instrument of music sounded by means of wind,
especially by means of the breath, as a flute, a clarinet, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Wind pump</b></col>, <cd>a pump moved by a windmill.</cd> --
<col><b>Wind rose</b></col>, <cd>a table of the points of the compass,
giving the states of the barometer, etc., connected with winds from the
different directions.</cd> -- <col><b>Wind sail</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>A wide tube or funnel of canvas,
used to convey a stream of air for ventilation into the lower compartments
of a vessel.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The sail or vane of a
windmill.</cd> -- <col><b>Wind shake</b></col>, <cd>a crack or incoherence
in timber produced by violent winds while the timber was growing.</cd> --
<col><b>Wind shock</b></col>, <cd>a wind shake.</cd> -- <col><b>Wind
side</b></col>, <cd>the side next the wind; the windward side.</cd> [R.]
<i>Mrs. Browning.</i> -- <col><b>Wind rush</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the redwing.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Wind wheel</b></col>, <cd>a
motor consisting of a wheel moved by wind.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
wind</b></col> <i>(Mus.)</i>, <cd>the flutes and reed instruments of an
orchestra, collectively.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wind</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Winded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Winding</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To expose to the wind; to winnow; to
ventilate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To perceive or follow by the scent; to scent; to
nose; as, the hounds <i>winded</i> the game.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To drive hard, or force to
violent exertion, as a horse, so as to render scant of wind; to put out of
breath.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To rest, as a horse, in order to
allow the breath to be recovered; to breathe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To wind a ship</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to turn it end for
end, so that the wind strikes it on the opposite side.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wind</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Wind</u>, moving
air, but confused in sense and in conjugation with <i>wind</i> to turn.]
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Wound</u> (wound), R. <u>Winded</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Winding</u>.] <def>To blow; to sound
by blowing; esp., to sound with prolonged and mutually involved
notes.</def>  "Hunters who <i>wound</i> their horns."  <i>Pennant.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye vigorous swains, while youth ferments your blood, . . .
<BR>
<i>Wind</i> the shrill horn.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That blast was <i>winded</i> by the king.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wind</u> air in
motion.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>The difference between the
diameter of the bore of a gun and that of the shot fired from it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The sudden compression of the air caused by a
projectile in passing close to another body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 3d
<u>Windlass</u>.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"bore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The lower, or bottom,
pipe in a lift of pumps in a mine.</def>  <i>Ansted.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>prevented from sailing, by a contrary wind.  See
<u>Weatherbound</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"-break`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To break the
wind of; to cause to lose breath; to exhaust.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>'T would <i>wind-break</i> a mule to vie burdens with
her.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"-break`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A clump of trees
serving for a protection against the force of wind.</def>  [Local, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wind"-bro`ken</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the power
of breathing impaired by the rupture, dilatation, or running together of
air cells of the lungs, so that while the inspiration is by one effort, the
expiration is by two; affected with pulmonary emphysema or with heaves; --
said of a horse.</def>  <i>Youatt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wind</u> to
turn.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who, or that which, winds; hence, a creeping
or winding plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An apparatus used for winding silk, cotton,
etc., on spools, bobbins, reels, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>One in a flight of steps which
are curved in plan, so that each tread is broader at one end than at the
other; -- distinguished from <i>flyer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Prov. E.
<i>winder</i> a fan, and to winnow. &?;.  Cf. <u>Winnow</u>.] <def>To fan;
to clean grain with a fan.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wind"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blow taking away the
breath.</def>  [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Wind"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wither; to fail.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"fall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything blown down or off by the wind, as fruit from a tree, or the
tree itself, or a portion of a forest prostrated by a violent wind,
etc.</def>  "They became a <i>windfall</i> upon the sudden."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An unexpected legacy, or other gain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had a mighty <i>windfall</i> out of doubt.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"fall`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Blown down by the
wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"-fer`ti*lized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Anemophilous; fertilized by pollen borne by the wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
anemone; -- so called because formerly supposed to open only when the wind
was blowing.  See <u>Anemone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"gall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A soft
tumor or synovial swelling on the fetlock joint of a horse; -- so called
from having formerly been supposed to contain air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"hov`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From its habit of
hovering over one spot.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The kestrel; -- called
also <i>windbibber</i>, <i>windcuffer</i>, <i>windfanner</i>.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wind"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being windy or tempestuous; as, the
<i>windiness</i> of the weather or the season.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fullness of wind; flatulence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tendency to generate wind or gas; tendency to
produce flatulence; as, the <i>windiness</i> of vegetables.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Tumor; puffiness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The swelling <i>windiness</i> of much
knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Brerewood.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wind</u> to blow.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A call by the boatswain's whistle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Wind</u> to twist.]
<def>Twisting from a direct line or an even surface; circuitous.</def>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A turn or turning; a bend;
a curve; flexure; meander; as, the <i>windings</i> of a road or
stream.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To nurse the saplings tall, and curl the grove<BR>
With ringlets quaint, and wanton <i>windings</i> wove.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Winding engine</b></col>, <cd>an engine employed in mining to
draw up buckets from a deep pit; a hoisting engine.</cd> -- <col><b>Winding
sheet</b></col>, <cd>a sheet in which a corpse is wound or wrapped.</cd> --
<col><b>Winding tackle</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a tackle consisting of
a fixed triple block, and a double or triple movable block, used for
hoisting heavy articles in or out of a vessel.</cd>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a winding
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"lace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Windlass</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Two arblasts, . . . with <i>windlaces</i> and
quarrels.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"lass</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>[Perhaps from <i>wind</i> to
turn + <i>lace</i>.] <def>A winding and circuitous way; a roundabout
course; a shift.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"lass</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take a roundabout
course; to work warily or by indirect means.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"lass</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>windelas</i>,
<i>windas</i>, Icel. <i>vindil&amacr;ss</i>, <i>vind&amacr;s</i>, fr.
<i>vinda</i> to wind + <i>&amacr;ss</i> a pole; cf. Goth. <i>ans</i> a
beam.  See <u>Wind</u> to turn.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A machine for raising weights, consisting of a
horizontal cylinder or roller moving on its axis, and turned by a crank,
lever, or similar means, so as to wind up a rope or chain attached to the
weight. In vessels the windlass is often used instead of the capstan for
raising the anchor. It is usually set upon the forecastle, and is worked by
hand or steam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An apparatus resembling a winch or windlass, for
bending the bow of an arblast, or crossbow.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Chinese windlass</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Differential
windlass</i>, under <u>Differential</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wind"lass</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To raise with, or
as with, a windlass; to use a windlass.</def>  <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wind</u> to
turn.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A spindle; a kind of reel; a winch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The redwing.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wind"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having no wind; calm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Wanting wind; out of breath.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Win"dle*strae`</hw> (?), <hw>Win"dle*straw`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A grass used for making ropes or
for plaiting, esp. <i>Agrostis Spica-ventis</i>.</def>  [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]  <i>Shelley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"mill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mill operated by
the power of the wind, usually by the action of the wind upon oblique vanes
or sails which radiate from a horizontal shaft.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"dore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corrupt. of
<i>window</i>; or perh. coined on the wrong assumption that <i>window</i>
is from <i>wind + door</i>.] <def>A window.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"dow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>windowe</i>,
<i>windoge</i>, Icel. <i>vindauga</i> window, properly, wind eye; akin to
Dan. <i>vindue</i>. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Wind</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
and <u>Eye</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An opening in the wall of a building for the
admission of light and air, usually closed by casements or sashes
containing some transparent material, as glass, and capable of being opened
and shut at pleasure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I leaped from the <i>window</i> of the citadel.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> Then to come, in spite of sorrow,<BR>
And at my <i>window</i> bid good morrow.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The shutter, casement, sash with
its fittings, or other framework, which closes a window opening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A figure formed of lines crossing each
other.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Till he has <i>windows</i> on his bread and
butter.</blockquote> <i>King.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1656 !></p>

<p><col><b>French window</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>a casement window in
two folds, usually reaching to the floor; -- called also <i>French
casement</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Window back</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>, <cd>the
inside face of the low, and usually thin, piece of wall between the window
sill and the floor below.</cd> -- <col><b>Window blind</b></col>, <cd>a
blind or shade for a window.</cd> -- <col><b>Window bole</b></col>,
<cd>part of a window closed by a shutter which can be opened at will.</cd>
[Scot.] -- <col><b>Window box</b></col>, <cd>one of the hollows in the
sides of a window frame for the weights which counterbalance a lifting
sash.</cd>  -- <col><b>Window frame</b></col>, <cd>the frame of a window
which receives and holds the sashes or casement.</cd> -- <col><b>Window
glass</b></col>, <cd>panes of glass for windows; the kind of glass used in
windows.</cd> -- <col><b>Window martin</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the common European martin.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Window
oyster</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a marine bivalve shell
(<i>Placuna placenta</i>) native of the East Indies and China. Its valves
are very broad, thin, and translucent, and are said to have been used
formerly in place of glass.</cd> -- <col><b>Window pane</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <cd>See <u>Pane</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3 <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</cd>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <u>Windowpane</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Window sash</b></col>, <cd>the sash, or light frame, in which panes
of glass are set for windows.</cd> -- <col><b>Window seat</b></col>, <cd>a
seat arranged in the recess of a window.  See <i>Window stool</i>, under
<u>Stool</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Window shade</b></col>, <cd>a shade or blind
for a window; usually, one that is hung on a roller.</cd> -- <col><b>Window
shell</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the window oyster.</cd> --
<col><b>Window shutter</b></col>, <cd>a shutter or blind used to close or
darken windows.</cd> -- <col><b>Window sill</b></col> <i>(Arch.)</i>,
<cd>the flat piece of wood, stone, or the like, at the bottom of a window
frame.</cd> -- <col><b>Window swallow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the common European martin.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Window
tax</b></col>, <cd>a tax or duty formerly levied on all windows, or
openings for light, above the number of eight in houses standing in cities
or towns.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Win"dow</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Windowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Windowing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with windows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To place at or in a window.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wouldst thou be <i>windowed</i> in great Rome and see<BR>
Thy master thus with pleach'd arms, bending down<BR>
His corrigible neck?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"dowed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having windows or
openings.</def>  [R.] "Looped and <i>windowed</i> raggedness."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"dow*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
window.</def>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"dow*pane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See <u>Pane</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, (3)
<sd><i>b</i></sd>.</def>  [In this sense, written also <i>window
pane</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A thin, spotted American
turbot (<i>Pleuronectes maculatus</i>) remarkable for its translucency. It
is not valued as a food fish. Called also <i>spotted turbot</i>,
<i>daylight</i>, <i>spotted sand flounder</i>, and <i>water
flounder</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Win"dow*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having little
crossings or openings like the sashes of a window.</def>  [R.]
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"pipe`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The
passage for the breath from the larynx to the lungs; the trachea; the
weasand.  See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Lung</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"-plant`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
windflower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"-rode`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Caused to ride or drive by the wind in opposition to the course of the
tide; -- said of a vessel lying at anchor, with wind and tide opposed to
each other.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"row`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Wind</i> +
<i>row</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A row or line of hay raked together for the
purpose of being rolled into cocks or heaps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sheaves of grain set up in a row, one against
another, that the wind may blow between them.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The green border of a field, dug up in order to
carry the earth on other land to mend it.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wind"row</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Windrowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Windrowing</u>.] <def>To arrange in lines or windrows, as hay when newly
made.</def>  <i>Forby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"sor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A town in Berkshire,
England.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Windsor bean</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Bean</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Windsor chair</b></col>, <cd>a kind of strong,
plain, polished, wooden chair.</cd> <i>Simmonds.</i> -- <col><b>Windsor
soap</b></col>, <cd>a scented soap well known for its excellence.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wind"storm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A storm characterized
by high wind with little or no rain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"-suck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Far.)</i> <def>A horse given to wind-sucking</def>  <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The kestrel.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"-suck`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
vicious habit of a horse, consisting in the swallowing of air; -- usually
associated with crib-biting, or cribbing.  See <u>Cribbing</u>,
4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"tight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>So tight as to
prevent the passing through of wind.</def>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wind"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The point or side from
which the wind blows; as, to ply to the <i>windward</i>; -- opposed to
<i>leeward</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To lay an anchor to the windward</b></col>, <cd>a figurative
expression, signifying to adopt precautionary or anticipatory measures for
success or security.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wind"ward</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated toward the point
from which the wind blows; as, the <i>Windward</i> Islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"ward</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Toward the wind; in the
direction from which the wind blows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Windier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Windiest</u>.] [AS.
<i>windig</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of wind; accompanied or characterized
by wind; exposed to wind.</def>  "The <i>windy</i> hill."  <i>M.
Arnold.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Blown with the <i>windy</i> tempest of my
heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Next the wind; windward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It keeps on the <i>windy</i> side of care.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Tempestuous; boisterous; as, <i>windy</i>
weather.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Serving to occasion wind or gas in the
intestines; flatulent; as, <i>windy</i> food.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Attended or caused by wind, or gas, in the
intestines.</def>  "A <i>windy</i> colic."  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Empty; airy.</def>  "<i>Windy</i> joy."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Here's that <i>windy</i> applause, that poor, transitory
pleasure, for which I was dishonored.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>win</i>, AS. <i>win</i>,
fr. L. <i>vinum</i> (cf. Icel. <i>v&imacr;n</i>; all from the Latin); akin
to Gr. <i><grk>o'i^nos</grk></i>, <i>&?;</i>, and E. <i>withy</i>.  Cf.
<u>Vine</u>, <u>Vineyard</u>, <u>Vinous</u>, <u>Withy</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The expressed juice of grapes, esp. when
fermented; a beverage or liquor prepared from grapes by squeezing out their
juice, and (usually) allowing it to ferment.</def>  "Red <i>wine</i> of
Gascoigne."  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wine</i> is a mocker, strong drink is raging, and
whosoever is deceived thereby is not wise.</blockquote> <i>Prov. xx.
1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bacchus, that first from out the purple grape<BR>
Crushed the sweet poison of misused <i>wine</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Wine is essentially a dilute solution of ethyl alcohol,
containing also certain small quantities of ethers and ethereal salts which
give character and bouquet. According to their color, strength, taste,
etc., wines are called <i>red</i>, <i>white</i>, <i>spirituous</i>,
<i>dry</i>, <i>light</i>, <i>still</i>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A liquor or beverage prepared from the juice of
any fruit or plant by a process similar to that for grape wine; as, currant
<i>wine</i>; gooseberry <i>wine</i>; palm <i>wine</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The effect of drinking wine in excess;
intoxication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Noah awoke from his <i>wine</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ix.
24.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Birch wine</b></col>, <col><b>Cape wine</b></col>, etc. <cd>See
under <u>Birch</u>, <u>Cape</u>, etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Spirit of
wine</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Spirit</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>To have drunk
wine of ape</b></col> or <col><b>wine ape</b></col>, <cd>to be so drunk as
to be foolish.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Wine acid</b></col>.
<i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Tartaric acid</i>, under <u>Tartaric</u>.</cd>
[Colloq.] -- <col><b>Wine apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a large red
apple, with firm flesh and a rich, vinous flavor.</cd> -- <col><b>Wine
bag</b></col>, <cd>a wine skin.</cd> -- <col><b>Wine biscuit</b></col>,
<cd>a kind of sweet biscuit served with wine.</cd> -- <col><b>Wine
cask</b></col>, <cd>a cask for holding wine, or which holds, or has held,
wine.</cd> -- <col><b>Wine cellar</b></col>, <cd>a cellar adapted or used
for storing wine.</cd> -- <col><b>Wine cooler</b></col>, <cd>a vessel of
porous earthenware used to cool wine by the evaporation of water; also, a
stand for wine bottles, containing ice.</cd> -- <col><b>Wine fly</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>small two-winged fly of the genus <i>Piophila</i>,
whose larva lives in wine, cider, and other fermented liquors.</cd> --
<col><b>Wine grower</b></col>, <cd>one who cultivates a vineyard and makes
wine.</cd> -- <col><b>Wine measure</b></col>, <cd>the measure by which
wines and other spirits are sold, smaller than beer measure.</cd> --
<col><b>Wine merchant</b></col>, <cd>a merchant who deals in wines.</cd> --
<col><b>Wine of opium</b></col> <i>(Pharm.)</i>, <cd>a solution of opium in
aromatized sherry wine, having the same strength as ordinary laudanum; --
also <i>Sydenham's laudanum</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wine press</b></col>,
<cd>a machine or apparatus in which grapes are pressed to extract their
juice.</cd> -- <col><b>Wine skin</b></col>, <cd>a bottle or bag of skin,
used, in various countries, for carrying wine.</cd> -- <col><b>Wine
stone</b></col>, <cd>a kind of crust deposited in wine casks.  See 1st
<u>Tartar</u>, 1.</cd> -- <col><b>Wine vault</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A vault where wine is stored.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A place
where wine is served at the bar, or at tables; a dramshop.</cd>
<i>Dickens.</i> -- <col><b>Wine vinegar</b></col>, <cd>vinegar made from
wine.</cd> -- <col><b>Wine whey</b></col>, <cd>whey made from milk
coagulated by the use of wine.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wine"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The red currant.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The bilberry.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A peculiar New Zealand
shrub (<i>Coriaria ruscifolia</i>), in which the petals ripen and afford an
abundant purple juice from which a kind of wine is made. The plant also
grows in Chili.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wine"bib`ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who drinks much
wine.</def> <i>Prov. xxiii. 20.</i>  -- <wf>Wine"bib`bing</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wine"glass`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small glass from
which to drink wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wine"glass`ful</hw> (?);, n. pl. <plw><b>Wineglassfuls</b></plw>
(&?;). <def>As much as a wineglass will hold; enough to fill a wineglass.
It is usually reckoned at two fluid ounces, or four
tablespoonfuls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wine"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>destitute of wine; as,
<i>wineless</i> life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Win"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>vinerie</i>.]
<def>A place where grapes are converted into wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>winge</i>, <i>wenge</i>;
probably of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>vinge</i>, Icel.
<i>v&aelig;ngr</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the two anterior limbs of a bird,
pterodactyl, or bat. They correspond to the arms of man, and are usually
modified for flight, but in the case of a few species of birds, as the
ostrich, auk, etc., the wings are used only as an assistance in running or
swimming.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>As an eagle stirreth up her nest, fluttereth over her young,
spreadeth abroad her <i>wings</i>, taketh them, beareth them on her
<i>wings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxxii. 11.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In the wing of a bird the long quill feathers are in series. The
<i>primaries</i> are those attached to the ulnar side of the hand; the
<i>secondaries</i>, or <i>wing coverts</i>, those of the forearm: the
<i>scapulars</i>, those that lie over the humerus; and the <i>bastard
feathers</i>, those of the short outer digit.  See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Bird</u>, and <u>Plumage</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any similar member or instrument used for the
purpose of flying.</def>  Specifically: <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the two pairs of upper thoracic appendages
of most hexapod insects.  They are broad, fanlike organs formed of a double
membrane and strengthened by chitinous veins or nervures.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the large pectoral fins of the flying
fishes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Passage by flying; flight; as, to take
<i>wing</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Light thickens; and the crow<BR>
Makes <i>wing</i> to the rooky wood.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Motive or instrument of flight; means of flight
or of rapid motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fiery expedition be my <i>wing</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Anything which agitates the air as a wing does,
or which is put in winglike motion by the action of the air, as a fan or
vane for winnowing grain, the vane or sail of a windmill, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An ornament worn on the shoulder; a small
epaulet or shoulder knot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Any appendage resembling the wing of a bird or
insect in shape or appearance.</def>  Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the broad, thin, anterior lobes of the foot
of a pteropod, used as an organ in swimming.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any membranaceous expansion, as that along the sides of
certain stems, or of a fruit of the kind called samara.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Either of the two side petals of a
papilionaceous flower.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>One of two corresponding appendages attached; a
sidepiece.</def>  Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A side
building, less than the main edifice; as, one of the <i>wings</i> of a
palace.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>The longer side of
crownworks, etc., connecting them with the main work.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A side shoot of a tree or plant; a
branch growing up by the side of another.</def>  [Obs.] <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The right or left division of an army, regiment,
etc.</def>  <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>That part of the hold
or orlop of a vessel which is nearest the sides.  In a fleet, one of the
extremities when the ships are drawn up in line, or when forming the two
sides of a triangle.</def>  <i>Totten.</i> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>One of
the sides of the stags in a theater.</def></p>

<p><col><b>On the wing</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Supported by, or
flying with, the wings another.</cd> -- <col><b>On the wings of the
wind</b></col>, <cd>with the utmost velocity.</cd> -- <col><b>Under the
wing</b></col>, or <col><b>wings</b></col>, <col><b>of</b></col>, <cd>under
the care or protection of.</cd> -- <col><b>Wing and wing</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>with sails hauled out on either side; -- said of a
schooner, or her sails, when going before the wind with the foresail on one
side and the mainsail on the other; also said of a square-rigged vessel
which has her studding sails set.   Cf. <u>Goosewinged</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wing case</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the anterior
wings of beetles, and of some other insects, when thickened and used to
protect the hind wings; an elytron; -- called also <i>wing cover</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Wing covert</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>one of the small
feathers covering the bases of the wing quills.  See <u>Covert</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Wing gudgeon</b></col>
<i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>an iron gudgeon for the end of a wooden axle, having
thin, broad projections to prevent it from turning in the wood.  See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Gudgeon</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wing shell</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>wing case of an insect.</cd> -- <col><b>Wing
stroke</b></col>, <cd>the stroke or sweep of a wing.</cd> -- <col><b>Wing
transom</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>the uppermost transom of the stern; -
- called also <i>main transom</i>.</cd> <i>J. Knowles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wing</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Winged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Winging</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with wings; to enable
to fly, or to move with celerity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who heaves old ocean, and who<i>wings</i> the
storms.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Living, to <i>wing</i> with mirth the weary
hours.</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To supply with wings or sidepieces.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The main battle, whose puissance on either side<BR>
Shall be well <i>winged</i> with our chiefest horse.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To transport by flight; to cause to
fly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I, an old turtle,<BR>
Will <i>wing</i> me to some withered bough.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To move through in flight; to fly
through.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There's not an arrow <i>wings</i> the sky<BR>
But fancy turns its point to him.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To cut off the wings of; to wound in the wing;
to disable a wing of; as, to <i>wing</i> a bird.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>To wing a flight</b></col>, <cd>to exert the power of flying; to
fly.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Winged</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Furnished with wings; transported by flying; having winglike
expansions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soaring with wings, or as if with wings; hence,
elevated; lofty; sublime.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>How <i>winged</i> the sentiment that virtue is to be
followed for its own sake.</blockquote> <i>J. S. Harford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Swift; rapid.</def>  "Bear this sealed brief
with <i>winged</i> haste to the lord marshal."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Wounded or hurt in the wing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Furnished with a leaflike
appendage, as the fruit of the elm and the ash, or the stem in certain
plants; alate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Represented with wings, or having
wings, of a different tincture from the body.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>Fanned with wings; swarming with birds.</def>
"The <i>winged</i> air darked with plumes."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wing"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>One of
the casks stowed in the wings of a vessel's hold, being smaller than such
as are stowed more amidships.</def>  <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wing"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
sea robin having large, winglike pectoral fins.  See <i>Sea robin</i>,
under <u>Robin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wing"-foot`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Having wings attached to the feet; as, <i>wing-footed</i> Mercury;
hence, swift; moving with rapidity; fleet.</def>  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having
part or all of the feet adapted for flying.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Having the anterior lobes of the foot so modified as to form a pair of
winglike swimming organs; -- said of the pteropod mollusks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wing"-hand`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the anterior limbs or hands adapted for flight, as the bats and
pterodactyls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wing"-leaved`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having pinnate or pinnately divided leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wing"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no wings; not able
to ascend or fly.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wingless bird</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
apteryx.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wing"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
little wing; a very small wing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bastard wing, or
alula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wing"man*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wing</u>, in
imitation of <i>horsemanship</i>.] <def>Power or skill in flying.</def>
[R.]  <i>Duke of Argyll.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wing"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of various species of marine bivalve
shells belonging to the genus <i>Avicula</i>, in which the hinge border
projects like a wing.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any marine gastropod
shell of the genus <i>Strombus</i>.  See <u>Strombus</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Any pteropod shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wing"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having
wings; rapid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With <i>wingy</i> speed outstrip the eastern
wind.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Soaring with wings, or as if with wings;
volatile airy.</def>  [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Those <i>wingy</i> mysteries in divinity.</blockquote>
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1657 !></p>

<p><hw>Wink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Winked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Winking</u>.] [OE. <i>winken</i>, AS. <i>wincian</i>; akin to D.
<i>wenken</i>, G. <i>winken</i> to wink, nod, beckon, OHG. <i>winchan</i>,
Sw. <i>vinka</i>, Dan. <i>vinke</i>, AS. <i>wancol</i> wavering, OHG.
<i>wanchal</i> wavering, <i>wanch&?;n</i> to waver, G. <i>wanken</i>, and
perhaps to E. <i>weak</i>; cf. AS. <i>wincel</i> a corner.  Cf.
<u>Wench</u>, <u>Wince</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To nod; to sleep; to nap.</def>  [Obs.]
"Although I wake or <i>wink</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>
<sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To shut the eyes quickly; to close the eyelids with
a quick motion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He must <i>wink</i>, so loud he would cry.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And I will <i>wink</i>, so shall the day seem
night.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They are not blind, but they <i>wink</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To close and open the eyelids quickly; to
nictitate; to blink.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A baby of some three months old, who <i>winked</i>, and
turned aside its little face from the too vivid light of day.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give a hint by a motion of the eyelids, often
those of one eye only.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wink</i> at the footman to leave him without a
plate.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To avoid taking notice, as if by shutting the
eyes; to connive at anything; to be tolerant; -- generally with
<i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The times of this ignorance God <i>winked
at</i>.</blockquote> <i>Acts xvii. 30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And yet, as though he knew it not,<BR>
His knowledge <i>winks</i>, and lets his humors reign.</blockquote>
<i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Obstinacy can not be <i>winked</i> at, but must be
subdued.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To be dim and flicker; as, the light
<i>winks</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Winking monkey</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the white-
nosed monkey (<i>Cersopithecus nictitans</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wink</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause (the eyes) to
wink.</def>[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wink</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
closing, or closing and opening, the eyelids quickly; hence, the time
necessary for such an act; a moment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have not slept one <i>wink</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I could eclipse and cloud them with a
<i>wink</i>.</blockquote> <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A hint given by shutting the eye with a
significant cast.</def>  <i>Sir. P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The stockjobber thus from Change Alley goes down,<BR>
And tips you, the freeman, a <i>wink</i>.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wink"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who winks.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A horse's blinder; a blinker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wink"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a winking manner;
with the eye almost closed.</def>  <i>Peacham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wincle</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any periwinkle.</def>
<i>Holland.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of various marine spiral
gastropods, esp., in the United States, either of two species of
<i>Fulgar</i> (<i>F. canaliculata</i>, and <i>F. carica</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; These are large mollusks which often destroy large numbers of
oysters by drilling their shells and sucking their blood.</p>

<p><col><b>Sting winkle</b></col>, <cd>a European spinose marine shell
(<i>Murex erinaceus</i>).  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Murex</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Win"kle-hawk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>winkel-haak</i>
a carpenter's square.] <def>A rectangular rent made in cloth; -- called
also <i>winkle-hole</i>.</def>  [Local, U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"nard 2</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The redwing.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Win`ne*ba"goes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Winnebago</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
North American Indians who originally occupied the region about Green Bay,
Lake Michigan, but were driven back from the lake and nearly exterminated
in 1640 by the IIlinnois.</def></p>

<p><hw>Win"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wins, or gains
by success in competition, contest, or gaming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Win"ning</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Attracting; adapted to
gain favor; charming; as, a <i>winning</i> address.</def>  "Each mild and
<i>winning</i> note."  <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"ning</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act
of obtaining something, as in a contest or by competition.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The money, etc., gained by success in
competition or contest, esp, in gambling; -- usually in the
plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye seek land and sea for your <i>winnings</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A new
opening.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The portion of a coal field out
for working.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Winning headway</b></col> <i>(Mining)</i>, <cd>an excavation for
exploration, in post-and-stall working.</cd> -- <col><b>Winning
post</b></col>, <cd>the post, or goal, at the end of a race.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Win"ning*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a winning
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Win"ning*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being winning.</def>  "<i>Winningness</i> in style."  <i>J.
Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"nin*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The land-locked variety of the common salmon.</def>  [Canada]</p>

<p><hw>Win"now</hw> (w&ibreve;n"n&osl;), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Winnowed</u> (-n&osl;d); <pos><i>p. pr.
& vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Winnowing</u>.] [OE. <i>windewen</i>, <i>winewen</i>,
AS. <i>windwian</i>; akin to Goth. <i>winpjan</i> (in comp.), <i>winpi</i>-
skauro a fan, L. <i>ventilare</i> to fan, to winnow; cf. L. <i>wannus</i> a
fan for winnowing, G. <i>wanne</i>, OHG. <i>wanna</i>. &radic;131.  See
<u>Wind</u> moving air, and cf. <u>Fan</u>., <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Ventilate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To separate, and drive off, the chaff from by
means of wind; to fan; as, to <i>winnow</i> grain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ho <i>winnoweth</i> barley to-night in the threshing
floor.</blockquote> <i>Ruth. iii. 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To sift, as for the purpose of separating
falsehood from truth; to separate, as bad from good.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Winnow</i> well this thought, and you shall find<BR>
This light as chaff that flies before the wind.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To beat with wings, or as with
wings.</def>[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now on the polar winds; then with quick fan<BR>
<i>Winnows</i> the buxom air.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"now</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To separate chaff
from grain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Winnow</i> not with every wind.</blockquote> <i>Ecclus.
v. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"now*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, winnows; specifically, a winnowing machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Win"now*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of one who, or
that which, winnows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Win"row`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A windrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Win"sing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Winsome.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Winsomer</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Winsomest</u>.] [AS.
<i>wynsum</i>, fr. <i>wynn</i> joy; akin to OS. <i>wunnia</i>, OHG.
<i>wunna</i>, <i>wunni</i>, G. <i>wonne</i>, Goth. <i>wunan</i> to rejoice
(in un<i>wunands</i> sad), AS. <i>wunian</i> to dwell. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  See
<u>Win</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, <u>Wont</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Cheerful; merry; gay; light-hearted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Misled by ill example, and a <i>winsome</i>
nature.</blockquote> <i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Causing joy or pleasure; gladsome;
pleasant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Still plotting how their hungry ear<BR>
That <i>winsome</i> voice again might hear.</blockquote>
<i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"some*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The characteristic of
being winsome; attractiveness of manner.</def>  <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>winter</i>; akin to
OFries. &amp; D. <i>winter</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>wintar</i>, G. <i>winter</i>, D.
& Sw. <i>vinter</i>, Icel. <i>vetr</i>, Goth. <i>wintrus</i>; of uncertain
origin; cf. Old Gallic <i>vindo-</i> white (in comp.), OIr. <i>find</i>
white. &?;&?;&?;&?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The season of the year in which the sun shines
most obliquely upon any region; the coldest season of the year.</def>  "Of
thirty <i>winter</i> he was old."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And after summer evermore succeeds<BR>
Barren <i>winter</i>, with his wrathful nipping cold.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Winter</i> lingering chills the lap of May.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p>&fist; North of the equator, winter is popularly taken to include the
months of December, January, and February (see <u>Season</u>).
Astronomically, it may be considered to begin with the winter solstice,
about December 21st, and to end with the vernal equinox, about March
21st.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The period of decay, old age, death, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Life's autumn past, I stand on <i>winter's</i>
verge.</blockquote> <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Winter apple</b></col>, <cd>an apple that keeps well in winter,
or that does not ripen until winter.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter
barley</b></col>, <cd>a kind of barley that is sown in autumn.</cd> --
<col><b>Winter berry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd> the name of several
American shrubs (<i>Ilex verticillata</i>, <i>I. l&aelig;vigata</i>, etc.)
of the Holly family, having bright red berries conspicuous in winter.</cd>
-- <col><b>Winter bloom</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
plant of the genus Azalea.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A plant of the
genus <i>Hamamelis</i> (<i>H. Viginica</i>); witch-hazel; -- so called from
its flowers appearing late in autumn, while the leaves are falling.</cd> --
<col><b>Winter bud</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a statoblast.</cd> --
<col><b>Winter cherry</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant (<i>Physalis
Alkekengi</i>) of the Nightshade family, which has, a red berry inclosed in
the inflated and persistent calyx.  See <u>Alkekengi</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Winter cough</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a form of chronic
bronchitis marked by a cough recurring each winter.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter
cress</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a yellow-flowered cruciferous plant
(<i>Barbarea vulgaris</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Winter crop</b></col>, <cd>a
crop which will bear the winter, or which may be converted into fodder
during the winter.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter duck</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The pintail.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The old squaw.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter egg</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an egg produced in the autumn by many
invertebrates, and destined to survive the winter. Such eggs usually differ
from the summer eggs in having a thicker shell, and often in being
enveloped in a protective case. They sometimes develop in a manner
different from that of the summer eggs.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter
fallow</b></col>, <cd>ground that is fallowed in winter.</cd> --
<col><b>Winter fat</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>White sage</i>,
under <u>White</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>pneumonia.</cd> [Colloq.] -- <col><b>Winter flounder</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See the Note under <u>Flounder</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Winter gull</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common European
gull; -- called also <i>winter mew</i>.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Winter
itch</b></col>. <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>See <i>Prarie itch</i>, under
<u>Prairie</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter lodge</b></col>, or <col><b>Winter
lodgment</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Same as <u>Hibernaculum</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Winter mew</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Same as <i>Winter
gull</i>, above.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Winter moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of geometrid moths
which come forth in winter, as the European species (<i>Cheimatobia
brumata</i>). These moths have rudimentary mouth organs, and eat no food in
the imago state. The female of some of the species is wingless.</cd> --
<col><b>Winter oil</b></col>, <cd>oil prepared so as not to solidify in
moderately cold weather.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter pear</b></col>, <cd>a kind
of pear that keeps well in winter, or that does not ripen until
winter.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter quarters</b></col>, <cd>the quarters of
troops during the winter; a winter residence or station.</cd> --
<col><b>Winter rye</b></col>, <cd>a kind of rye that is sown in
autumn.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter shad</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
gizzard shad.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter sheldrake</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the goosander.</cd> [Local, U. S.] --
<col><b>Winter sleep</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>hibernation.</cd> -
- <col><b>Winter snipe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the dunlin.</cd>
-- <col><b>Winter solstice</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See
<u>Solstice</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter teal</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the green-winged teal.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter
wagtail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the gray wagtail (<i>Motacilla
melanope</i>).</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Winter wheat</b></col>,
<cd>wheat sown in autumn, which lives during the winter, and ripens in the
following summer.</cd> -- <col><b>Winter wren</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small American wren (<i>Troglodytes
hiemalis</i>) closely resembling the common wren.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Win"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wintered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wintering</u>.] <def>To pass the winter; to hibernate; as, to
<i>winter</i> in Florida.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Because the haven was not commodious to <i>winter</i> in,
the more part advised to depart thence.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvii.
12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To keep, feed or manage,
during the winter; as, to winter young cattle on straw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Win"ter-beat`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Beaten or
harassed by the severe weather of winter.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"ter*green`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
plant which keeps its leaves green through the winter.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, the name <i>wintergreen</i> is applied to the species
of <i>Pyrola</i> which in America are called <i>English wintergreen</i>,
and <i>shin leaf</i>  (see Shin leaf, under <u>Shin</u>.) In America, the
name <i>wintergreen</i> is given to <i>Gaultheria procumbens</i>, a low
evergreen aromatic plant with oval leaves clustered at the top of a short
stem, and bearing small white flowers followed by red berries; -- called
also <i>checkerberry</i>, and sometimes, though improperly, <i>partridge
berry</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Chickweed wintergreen</b></col>, <cd>a low perennial
primulaceous herb (<i>Trientalis Americana</i>); -- also called <i>star
flower</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Flowering wintergreen</b></col>, <cd>a low
plant (<i>Polygala paucifolia</i>) with leaves somewhat like those of the
wintergreen (<i>Gaultheria</i>), and bearing a few showy, rose-purple
blossoms.</cd> -- <col><b>Spotted wintergreen</b></col>, <cd>a low
evergreen plant (<i>Chimaphila maculata</i>) with ovate, white-spotted
leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Win"ter-ground`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To coved over
in the season of winter, as for protection or shelter; as, to <i>winter-
ground</i> the roods of a plant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ruddock would . . . bring thee all this,<BR>
Yea, and furred moss besides, when flowers are none<BR>
To <i>winter-ground</i> thy corse.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"ter*kill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Winterkilled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Winterkilling</u>.] <def>To kill by the cold, or exposure to the
inclemency of winter; as, the wheat was <i>winterkilled</i>.</def>  [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Win"ter*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like winter; wintry;
cold; hence, disagreeable, cheerless; as, <i>winterly</i> news.</def>  [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The sir growing more <i>winterly</i> in the month of
April.</blockquote> <i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"ter-proud`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having too rank
or forward a growth for winter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When either corn is <i>winter-proud</i>, or other plants put
forth and bud too early.</blockquote> <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"ter-rig`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Winter</u>
and <u>Ridge</u>.] <def>To fallow or till in winter.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Win"ter's bark`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The aromatic bark of
tree (<i>Drimys, or Drymis, Winteri</i>) of the Magnolia family, which is
found in Southern Chili. It was first used as a cure for scurvy by its
discoverer, Captain John <i>Winter</i>, vice admiral to sir Francis Drake,
in 1577.</def></p>

<p><hw>Win"ter*tide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Winter time.</def>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"ter*weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of speedwell (<i>Veronica hederifolia</i>) which spreads chiefly in
winter.</def>  <i>Dr. Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wintry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Win"try</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wintrig</i>.]
<def>Suitable to winter; resembling winter, or what belongs to winter;
brumal; hyemal; cold; stormy; wintery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Touch our chilled hearts with vernal smile,<BR>
Our <i>wintry</i> course do thou beguile.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Win"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the taste or
qualities of wine; vinous; as, grapes of a <i>winy</i> taste.</def>
<i>Dampier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Winze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining.)</i> <def>A small
shaft sunk from one level to another, as for the purpose of
ventilation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sw. <i>vipa</i>, Dan.
<i>vibe</i>, the lapwing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The lapwing.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wipe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wiped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wiping</u>.] [OE.
<i>vipen</i>, AS. <i>w&imacr;pian</i>; cf. LG. <i>wiep</i> a wisp of straw,
Sw. <i>vepa</i> to wrap up, to cuddle one's self up, <i>vepa</i> a blanket;
perhaps akin to E. <i>whip</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To rub with something soft for cleaning; to
clean or dry by rubbing; as, to <i>wipe</i> the hands or face with a
towel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let me <i>wipe</i> thy face.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will <i>wipe</i> Jerusalem as a man <i>wipeth</i> a dish,
<i>wiping</i> it, and turning it upside down.</blockquote> <i>2 Kings xxi.
13.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To remove by rubbing; to rub off; to obliterate;
-- usually followed by <i>away</i>, <i>off</i> or <i>out</i>. Also used
figuratively.</def>  "To <i>wipe</i> out our ingratitude."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some natural tears they dropped, but <i>wiped</i> them
soon.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cheat; to defraud; to trick; -- usually
followed by <i>out</i>.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If they by coveyne [covin] or gile be <i>wiped</i> beside
their goods.</blockquote> <i>Robynson (More's Utopia)</i></p>

<p><col><b>To wipe a joint</b></col> <i>(Plumbing)</i>, <cd>to make a
joint, as between pieces of lead pipe, by surrounding the junction with a
mass of solder, applied in a plastic condition by means of a rag with which
the solder is shaped by rubbing.</cd> -- <col><b>To wipe the nose
of</b></col>, <cd>to cheat.</cd> [Old Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Wipe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of
rubbing, esp. in order to clean.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blow; a stroke; a hit; a swipe.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A gibe; a jeer; a severe sarcasm.</def>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A handkerchief.</def>  [Thieves' Cant or
Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Stain; brand.</def>  [Obs.] "Slavish
<i>wipe</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wip"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, wipes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Something used for wiping, as a towel or
rag.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A piece generally projecting from
a rotating or swinging piece, as an axle or rock shaft, for the purpose of
raising stampers, lifting rods, or the like, and leaving them to fall by
their own weight; a kind of cam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Firearms)</i> <def>A rod, or an attachment for a
rod, for holding a rag with which to wipe out the bore of the
barrel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wir"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wirbled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wirbling</u> (?).] [Cf. <u>Warble</u>, <u>Whirl</u>.] <def>To whirl; to
eddy.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The waters went <i>wirbling</i> above and
around.</blockquote> <i>Owen. Meredith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wirche</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To work</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wir</i>, AS. <i>wir</i>;
akin to Icel. <i>v&imacr;rr</i>, Dan. <i>vire</i>, LG. <i>wir</i>,
<i>wire</i>; cf. OHG. <i>wiara</i> fine gold; perhaps akin to E.
<i>withy</i>. <i>&?;&?;&?;&?;</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A thread or slender rod of metal; a metallic
substance formed to an even thread by being passed between grooved rollers,
or drawn through holes in a plate of steel.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Wire is made of any desired form, as round, square, triangular,
etc., by giving this shape to the hole in the drawplate, or between the
rollers.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A telegraph wire or cable; hence, an electric
telegraph; as, to send a message by <i>wire</i>.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><col><b>Wire bed</b></col>, <col><b>Wire mattress</b></col>, <cd>an
elastic bed bottom or mattress made of wires interwoven or looped together
in various ways.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire bridge</b></col>, <cd>a bridge
suspended from wires, or cables made of wire.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire
cartridge</b></col>, <cd>a shot cartridge having the shot inclosed in a
wire cage.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire cloth</b></col>, <cd>a coarse cloth made of
woven metallic wire, -- used for strainers, and for various other
purposes.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire edge</b></col>, <cd>the thin, wirelike
thread of metal sometimes formed on the edge of a tool by the stone in
sharpening it.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire fence</b></col>, <cd>a fence consisting
of posts with strained horizontal wires, wire netting, or other wirework,
between.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire gauge</b></col> or <col><b>gage</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A gauge for measuring the diameter of wire,
thickness of sheet metal, etc., often consisting of a metal plate with a
series of notches of various widths in its edge.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>A standard series of sizes arbitrarily indicated, as by numbers, to
which the diameter of wire or the thickness of sheet metal in usually made,
and which is used in describing the size or thickness. There are many
different standards for wire gauges, as in different countries, or for
different kinds of metal, the Birmingham wire gauges and the American wire
gauge being often used and designated by the abbreviations <i>B. W. G.</i>
and <i>A. W. G.</i> respectively.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire gauze</b></col>,
<cd>a texture of finely interwoven wire, resembling gauze.</cd> --
<col><b>Wire grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>either of the two common
grasses <i>Eleusine Indica</i>, valuable for hay and pasture, and <i>Poa
compressa</i>, or blue grass.  See <u>Blue grass</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire
grub</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a wireworm.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire
iron</b></col>, <cd>wire rods of iron.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire
lathing</b></col>, <cd>wire cloth or wire netting applied in the place of
wooden lathing for holding plastering.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire
mattress</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Wire bed</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire
micrometer</b></col>, <cd>a micrometer having spider lines, or fine wires,
across the field of the instrument.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire nail</b></col>,
<cd>a nail formed of a piece of wire which is headed and pointed.</cd> --
<col><b>Wire netting</b></col>, <cd>a texture of woven wire coarser than
ordinary wire gauze.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire rod</b></col>, <cd>a metal rod
from which wire is formed by drawing.</cd> -- <col><b>Wire rope</b></col>,
<cd>a rope formed wholly, or in great part, of wires.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1658 !></p>

<p><hw>Wire</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wired</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wiring</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To bind with wire; to attach with
wires; to apply wire to; as, to <i>wire</i> corks in bottling
liquors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To put upon a wire; as, to <i>wire</i>
beads.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To snare by means of a wire or wires.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To send (a message) by telegraph.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wire</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pass
like a wire; to flow in a wirelike form, or in a tenuous stream.</def>
[R.]  <i>P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To send a telegraphic message.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wire"draw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Wiredrew</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Wiredrawn</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wiredrawing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form (a piece of metal) into wire, by drawing
it through a hole in a plate of steel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to draw by art or violence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My sense has been <i>wiredrawn</i> into
blasphemy.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, also, to draw or spin out to great length
and tenuity; as, to <i>wiredraw</i> an argument.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such twisting, such <i>wiredrawing</i>, was never seen in a
court of justice.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Engine)</i> <def>To pass, or to draw off,
(as steam) through narrow ports, or the like, thus reducing its pressure or
force by friction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wire"-draw`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who draws
metal into wire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wire"-heel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A
disease in the feet of a horse or other beast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wire"-pull`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who pulls the
wires, as of a puppet; hence, one who operates by secret means; an
intriguer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Political <i>wire-pullers</i> and convention
packers.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wire"-pull`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of pulling
the wires, as of a puppet; hence, secret influence or management,
especially in politics; intrigue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wire"-tailed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having some or all of the tail quills terminated in a long, slender,
pointed shaft, without a web or barbules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wire"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work, especially
openwork, formed of wires.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wire"-work`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
manufactures articles from wire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wire"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the larv&aelig; of various species of
snapping beetles, or elaters; -- so called from their slenderness and the
uncommon hardness of the integument.  Wireworms are sometimes very
destructive to the roots of plants.  Called also <i>wire grub</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A galleyworm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wir"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
wiry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wir"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>wiery</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made of wire; like wire; drawn out like
wire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Capable of endurance; tough; sinewy; as, a
<i>wiry</i> frame or constitution.</def>  "A little <i>wiry</i> sergeant of
meek demeanor and strong sense."  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He bore his age well, and seemed to retain a <i>wiry</i>
vigor and alertness.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wis</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Aphetic form of <i>iwis</i>,
<i>ywis</i>; or fr. Icel. <i>viss</i> certain.  See <u>Ywis</u>.]
<def>Certainly; really; indeed.</def>  [Obs.] "As <i>wis</i> God helpe me."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wis</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Due to mistaking OE. <i>iwis</i>
certain, AS. <i>gewiss</i>, for <i>I wis</i>.  See <u>Ywis</u>.] <def>To
think; to suppose; to imagine; -- used chiefly in the first person sing.
present tense, <i>I wis</i>.  See the Note under <u>Ywis</u>.</def>  [Obs.
or Poetic] "Howe'er you <i>wis</i>."  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor do I know how long it is<BR>
(For I have lain entranced, I <i>wis</i>).</blockquote>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wis"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Wizard</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wis"dom</hw> (-d&ubreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>w&imacr;sd&omacr;m</i>.  See <u>Wise</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>-
dom</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality of being wise; knowledge, and the
capacity to make due use of it; knowledge of the best ends and the best
means; discernment and judgment; discretion; sagacity; skill;
dexterity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We speak also not in wise words of man's <i>wisdom</i>, but
in the doctrine of the spirit.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (1 Cor. ii.
13).</i></p>

<p><blockquote> Behold, the fear of the Lord, that is <i>wisdom</i>; and to
depart from evil is understanding.</blockquote> <i>Job xxviii. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>It</i> is hoped that our rulers will act with dignity and
<i>wisdom</i> that they will yield everything to reason, and refuse
everything to force.</blockquote> <i>Ames.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Common sense in an uncommon degree is what the world calls
<i>wisdom</i>.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The results of wise judgments; scientific or
practical truth; acquired knowledge; erudition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Moses was learned in all the <i>wisdom</i> of the Egyptians,
and was mighty in words and in deeds.</blockquote> <i>Acts vii. 22.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Prudence; knowledge.  <u>Wisdom</u>, <u>Prudence</u>,
<u>Knowledge</u>. <i>Wisdom</i> has been defined to be "the use of the best
means for attaining the best ends." "We conceive," says Whewell, "
<i>prudence</i> as the virtue by which we select right means for given
ends, while <i>wisdom</i> implies the selection of right ends as well as of
right means." Hence, <i>wisdom</i> implies the union of high mental and
moral excellence. <i>Prudence</i> (that is, <i>providence</i>, or forecast)
is of a more negative character; it rather consists in avoiding danger than
in taking decisive measures for the accomplishment of an object. Sir Robert
Walpole was in many respects a <i>prudent</i> statesman, but he was far
from being a <i>wise</i> one. Burke has said that <i>prudence</i>, when
carried too far, degenerates into a "reptile virtue," which is the more
dangerous for its plausible appearance.  <i>Knowledge</i>, a more
comprehensive term, signifies the simple apprehension of facts or
relations. "In strictness of language," says Paley, " there is a difference
between <i>knowledge</i> and <i>wisdom</i>; <i>wisdom</i> always supposing
action, and action directed by it."</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Knowledge</i> and <i>wisdom</i>, far from being one,<BR>
Have ofttimes no connection. <i>Knowledge</i> dwells<BR>
In heads replete with thoughts of other men;<BR>
<i>Wisdom</i>, in minds attentive to their own.<BR>
<i>Knowledge</i>, a rude, unprofitable mass,<BR>
The mere materials with which <i>wisdom</i> builds,<BR>
Till smoothed, and squared, and fitted to its place,<BR>
Does but encumber whom it seems to enrich.<BR>
<i>Knowledge</i> is proud that he has learned so much;<BR>
<i>Wisdom</i> is humble that he knows no more.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wisdom tooth</b></col>, <cd>the last, or back, tooth of the full
set on each half of each jaw in man; -- familiarly so called, because
appearing comparatively late, after the person may be supposed to have
arrived at the age of wisdom.  See the Note under <u>Tooth</u>, 1.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wise</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Wiser</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Wisest</u>.] [OE.
<i>wis</i>, AS. <i>w&imacr;s</i>; akin to OS. &amp; OFries. <i>w&imacr;s</i>,
D. <i>wijs</i>, G. <i>weise</i>, OHG. <i>w&imacr;s</i>, <i>w&imacr;si</i>,
Icel. <i>v&imacr;ss</i>, Sw. <i>vis</i>, Dan. <i>viis</i>, Goth.
<i>weis</i>; akin to <i>wit</i>, v. i.  See <u>Wit</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Righteous</u>, <u>Wisdom</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having knowledge; knowing; enlightened; of
extensive information; erudite; learned.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are <i>wise</i> to do evil, but to do good they have no
knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Jer. iv. 22.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, especially, making due use of knowledge;
discerning and judging soundly concerning what is true or false, proper or
improper; choosing the best ends and the best means for accomplishing them;
sagacious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When clouds appear, <i>wise</i> men put their
cloaks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From a child thou hast known the holy scriptures, which are
able to make thee <i>wise</i> unto salvation.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim. iii.
15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Versed in art or science; skillful; dexterous;
specifically, skilled in divination.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Fal.</i>  There was, mine host, an old fat woman even now
with me; but she's gone.<BR>
<i>Sim.</i>  Pray you, sir, was't not the <i>wise</i> woman of
Brentford?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Hence, prudent; calculating; shrewd; wary;
subtle; crafty.</def>  [R.]  "Thou art . . . no novice, but a governor wily
and <i>wise</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor, on the other side,<BR>
Will I be penuriously <i>wise</i><BR>
<i>As to make money</i>, <i>that's my slave</i>, <i>my
idol</i>.</blockquote> <i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Lords do not care for me:<BR>
I am too <i>wise</i> to die yet.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Dictated or guided by wisdom; containing or
exhibiting wisdom; well adapted to produce good effects; judicious;
discreet; as, a <i>wise</i> saying; a <i>wise</i> scheme or plan;
<i>wise</i> conduct or management; a <i>wise</i> determination.</def>
"Eminent in <i>wise</i> deport."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To make it wise</b></col>, <cd>to make it a matter of
deliberation.</cd>  [Obs.] " We thought it was not worth <i>to make it
wise</i>." <i>Chaucer.</i> -- <col><b>Wise in years</b></col>, <cd>old
enough to be wise; wise from age and experience; hence, aged; old.</cd>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A very grave, state bachelor, my dainty one;<BR>
He's <i>wise in years</i>, and of a temperate warmth.</blockquote>
<i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You are too <i>wise in years</i>, too full of counsel,<BR>
For my green experience.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wise</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wise</i>, AS.
<i>w&imacr;se</i>; akin to OS. <i>w&imacr;sa</i>, OFries. <i>w&imacr;s</i>,
D. <i>wijs</i>, <i>wijze</i>, OHG. <i>w&imacr;sa</i>, G. <i>weise</i>, Sw.
<i>vis</i>, Dan. <i>viis</i>, Icel. &ouml;&?;ru<i>v&imacr;s</i> otherwise;
from the root of E. <i>wit</i>; hence, originally, knowledge, skill.  See
<u>Wit</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Guise</u>.] <def>Way of being
or acting; manner; mode; fashion.</def>  "All armed in complete
<i>wise</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To love her in my beste <i>wyse</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This song she sings in most commanding
<i>wise</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let not these blessings then, sent from above,<BR>
Abused be, or spilt in profane <i>wise</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word is nearly obsolete, except in such phrases as <i>in any
wise</i>, <i>in no wise</i>, <i>on this wise</i>, etc. " Fret not thyself
<i>in any wise</i> to do evil." <i>Ps. xxxvii. 8.</i> "He shall <i>in no
wise</i> lose his reward." <i>Matt. x. 42.</i> " <i>On this wise</i> ye
shall bless the children of Israel." <i>Num. vi. 23.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Wise</i> is often used as a suffix in composition, as in
like<i>wise</i>, no<i>wise</i>, length<i>wise</i>, etc., in which words
<i>-ways</i> is often substituted with the same sense; as, no<i>ways</i>,
length<i>ways</i>, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Wise"a*cre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OD. <i>wijssegger</i> or
G. <i>weissager</i> a foreteller, prophet, from <i>weissagen</i> to
foretell, to prophesy, OHG. <i>w&imacr;ssag&?;n</i>, corrupted (as if
compounded of the words for <i>wise</i> and <i>say</i>) fr.
<i>w&imacr;zzag&?;n</i>, fr. <i>w&imacr;zzag&?;</i> a prophet, akin to AS.
<i>w&imacr;tiga</i>, <i>w&imacr;tga</i>, from the root of E. <i>wit</i>.
See <u>Wit</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A learned or wise man.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Pythagoras learned much . . . becoming a mighty
<i>wiseacre</i>.</blockquote> <i>Leland.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who makes undue pretensions to wisdom; a
would-be-wise person; hence, in contempt, a simpleton; a dunce.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wise"-heart`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wise; knowing;
skillful; sapient; erudite; prudent.</def>  <i>Ex. xxviii. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wise"-like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling that
which is wise or sensible; judicious.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The only <i>wise-like</i> thing I heard anybody
say.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wise"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who pretends to be
wise; a wiseacre; a witling.</def>  <i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wise"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wise manner;
prudently; judiciously; discreetly; with wisdom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>wisely</i> learn to curb thy sorrows
wild.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wise"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wisdom.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wished</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wishing</u>.] [OE. <i>wischen</i>, <i>weschen</i>, <i>wuschen</i>, AS.
<i>w&?;scan</i>; akin to D. <i>wenschen</i>, G. <i>w&uuml;nschen</i>, Icel.
<i>&aelig;eskja</i>, Dan. <i>&ouml;nske</i>, Sw. <i>&ouml;nska</i>; from
AS. <i>w&?;sc</i> a wish; akin to OD. &amp; G. <i>wunsch</i>, OHG.
<i>wunsc</i>, Icel. <i>&?;sk</i>, Skr. <i>v&amacr;&?;ch&amacr;</i> a wish,
<i>v&amacr;&?;ch</i> to wish; also to Skr. <i>van</i> to like, to wish.
&?;.  See <u>Winsome</u>, <u>Win</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf.
<u>Wistful</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To have a desire or yearning; to long; to
hanker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They cast four anchors out of the stern, and <i>wished</i>
for the day.</blockquote> <i>Acts xxvii. 29.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is as good an argument as an antiquary could
<i>wish</i> for.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wish</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
desire; to long for; to hanker after; to have a mind or disposition
toward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would not <i>wish</i><BR>
Any companion in the world but you.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>wish</i> above all things that thou mayest
prosper.</blockquote> <i>3. John 2.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To frame or express desires concerning; to
invoke in favor of, or against, any one; to attribute, or cal down, in
desire; to invoke; to imprecate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I would not <i>wish</i> them to a fairer death.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>wish</i> it may not prove some ominous foretoken of
misfortune to have met with such a miser as I am.</blockquote> <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let them be driven backward, and put to shame, that
<i>wish</i> me evil.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xl. 14.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To recommend; to seek confidence or favor in
behalf of.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I would be glad to thrive, sir,<BR>
And I was <i>wished</i> to your worship by a gentleman.</blockquote> <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Desire</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Wish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Desire;
eager desire; longing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold, I am according to thy <i>wish</i> in God a
stead.</blockquote> <i>Job xxxiii. 6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Expression of desire; request; petition; hence,
invocation or imprecation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Blistered be thy tongue for such a <i>wish</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A thing desired; an object of desire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will he, wise, let loose at once his ire . . . <BR>
To give his enemies their <i>wish</i>!</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wish"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable or worthy of
being wished for; desirable.</def>  <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wish"bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The forked bone in
front of the breastbone in birds; -- called also <i>merrythought</i>, and
<i>wishing bone</i>.  See <u>Merrythought</u>, and
<u>Furculum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wish"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According to wish;
conformably to desire.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wish"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wishes or
desires; one who expresses a wish.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wish"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Wistful</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having desire, or ardent desire; longing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Showing desire; as, <i>wishful</i>
eyes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From Scotland am I stolen, even of pure love<BR>
To greet mine own land with my <i>wishful</i> sight.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Desirable; exciting wishes.</def>  [R.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Wish"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Wish"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wish"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Wish</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Wishing bone</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Wishbone</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wishing cap</b></col>, <cd>a cap fabled to give one whatever he
wishes for when wearing it.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wish"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>According to desire;
longingly; with wishes.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wish"ton*wish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably of American
Indian origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The prairie dog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wish"-wash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any weak, thin
drink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wish"y-wash`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Wash</u>.]
<def>Thin and pale; weak; without strength or substance; -- originally said
of liquids. Fig., weak-minded; spiritless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A weak <i>wishy-washy</i> man who had hardly any mind of his
own.</blockquote> <i>A. Trollope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wish"y-wash`y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A weak or thin drink
or liquor; wish-wash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wis"ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A whisket, or
basket.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wis"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Wis</u>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>Certainly.</def>  [Obs.] "God so <i>wisly</i>
have mercy on me."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wisp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wisp</i>, <i>wips</i>;
probably akin to D. &amp; G. <i>wisch</i>, Icel. <i>visk</i>, and perhaps to L.
<i>virga</i> a twig, rod.  Cf. <u>Verge</u> a rod, <u>Whisk</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small bundle, as of straw or other like
substance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In a small basket, on a <i>wisp</i> of hay.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A whisk, or small broom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A Will-o'-the-wisp; an ignis fatuus.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>wisp</i> that flickers where no foot can
tread.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wisp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wisped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wisping</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To brush or dress, an with a wisp.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To rumple.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]
<i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wisp"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Formed of a wisp, or of
wisp; as, a <i>wispen</i> broom.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wis"se</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>w&imacr;sian</i>.
See <u>Wise</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To show; to teach; to inform;
to guide; to direct.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Ere we depart I shall thee so well <i>wisse</i><BR>
That of mine house ne shalt thou never misse.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wist</hw> (?), archaic <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Wit</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos> <def>Knew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wis*ta"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] [So named after
Caspar <i>Wistar</i>, an American anatomist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
climbing leguminous plants bearing long, pendulous clusters of pale bluish
flowers.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The species commonest in cultivation is the <i>Wistaria
Sinensis</i> from Eastern Asia. <i>W. fruticosa</i> grows wild in the
southern parts of the United States.</p>

<p><hw>Wist"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>wishful</i>; perhaps
influenced by <i>wistly</i>, which is probably corrupted from OE.
<i>wisly</i> certainly (from Icel. <i>viss</i> certain, akin to E.
<i>wit</i>).  See <u>Wish</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Longing; wishful; desirous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lifting up one of my sashes, I cast many a <i>wistful</i>,
melancholy look towards the sea.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Full of thought; eagerly attentive; meditative;
musing; pensive; contemplative.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That he who there at such an hour hath been,<BR>
Will <i>wistful</i> linger on that hallowed spot.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Wist"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Wist"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wis"tit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. from native name: cf. F.
<i>ouistiti</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small South American monkey; a
marmoset.</def>  [Written also <i>wistiti</i>, and <i>ouistiti</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Wist"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Wistful</u>.]
<def>Attentively; observingly.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wis"ton*wish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Wishtonwish</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>inf.</i></pos>
(To) <u>Wit</u>; <pos><i>pres. sing.</i></pos> <u>Wot</u>;
<pos><i>pl.</i></pos> <u>Wite</u>; <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Wist(e)</u>;
<pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Wist</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wit(t)ing</u>.  See the Note below.] [OE. <i>witen</i>, pres. <i>ich
wot</i>, <i>wat</i>, I know (wot), imp. <i>wiste</i>, AS. <i>witan</i>,
pres. <i>w&amacr;t</i>, imp. <i>wiste</i>, <i>wisse</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>wita</i>, OS. <i>witan</i>, D. <i>weten</i>, G. <i>wissen</i>, OHG.
<i>wizzan</i>, Icel. <i>vita</i>, Sw. <i>veta</i>, Dan. <i>vide</i>, Goth.
<i>witan</i> to observe, <i>wait</i> I know, Russ. <i>vidiete</i> to see,
L. <i>videre</i>, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>vid</i> to know, learn; cf. Skr.
<i>vid</i> to find. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  Cf. <u>History</u>, <u>Idea</u>,
<u>Idol</u>, <u>-oid</u>, <u>Twit</u>, <u>Veda</u>, <u>Vision</u>,
<u>Wise</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Wot</u>.]
<def>To know; to learn.</def>  "I <i>wot</i> and <i>wist</i> alway."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1659 !></p>

<p>&fist; The present tense was inflected as follows; sing. 1st pers.
<i>wot</i>; 2d pers. <i>wost</i>, or <i>wot(t)est</i>; 3d pers. <i>wot</i>,
or <i>wot(t)eth</i>; pl. <i>witen</i>, or <i>wite</i>. The following
variant forms also occur; pres. sing. 1st &amp; 3d pers. <i>wat</i>,
<i>woot</i>; pres. pl. <i>wyten</i>, or <i>wyte</i>, <i>weete</i>,
<i>wote</i>, <i>wot</i>; imp. <i>wuste</i> (Southern dialect); p. pr.
<i>wotting</i>. Later, other variant or corrupt forms are found, as, in
Shakespeare, 3d pers. sing. pres. <i>wots</i>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Brethren, we do you to <i>wit</i> [make you to know] of the
grace of God bestowed on the churches of Macedonia.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor.
viii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou <i>wost</i> full little what thou meanest.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>witen</i> not what thing we prayen here.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When that the sooth in <i>wist</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This verb is now used only in the infinitive, <i>to wit</i>,
which is employed, especially in legal language, to call attention to a
particular thing, or to a more particular specification of what has
preceded, and is equivalent to <i>namely</i>, <i>that is to say</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Wit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>witt</i>, <i>wit</i>;
akin to OFries. <i>wit</i>, G. <i>witz</i>, OHG. <i>wizz&imacr;</i>, Icel.
<i>vit</i>, Dan. <i>vid</i>, Sw. <i>vett</i>. &radic;133.  See <u>Wit</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Mind; intellect; understanding; sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who knew the <i>wit</i> of the Lord? or who was his
counselor?</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Rom. xi. 34).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A prince most prudent, of an excellent<BR>
And unmatched <i>wit</i> and judgment.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Will puts in practice what <i>wit</i> deviseth.</blockquote>
<i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He wants not <i>wit</i> the dander to decline.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A mental faculty, or power of the mind; -- used
in this sense chiefly in the plural, and in certain phrases; as, to lose
one's <i>wits</i>; at one's <i>wits'</i> end, and the like.</def>  "Men's
<i>wittes</i> ben so dull."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I will stare him out of his <i>wits</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Felicitous association of objects not usually
connected, so as to produce a pleasant surprise; also. the power of readily
combining objects in such a manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The definition of <i>wit</i> is only this, that it is a
propriety of thoughts and words; or, in other terms, thoughts and words
elegantly adapted to the subject.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wit</i> which discovers partial likeness hidden in
general diversity.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wit</i> lying most in the assemblage of ideas, and
putting those together with quickness and variety wherein can be found any
resemblance or congruity, thereby to make up pleasant pictures in the
fancy.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A person of eminent sense or knowledge; a man of
genius, fancy, or humor; one distinguished for bright or amusing sayings,
for repartee, and the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In Athens, where books and <i>wits</i> were ever busier than
in any other part of Greece, I find but only two sorts of writings which
the magistrate cared to take notice of; those either blasphemous and
atheistical, or libelous.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Intemperate <i>wits</i> will spare neither friend nor
foe.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>wit</i> herself, Amelia weds a <i>wit</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The five wits</b></col>, <cd>the five senses; also, sometimes,
the five qualities or faculties, <i>common wit</i>, <i>imagination</i>,
<i>fantasy</i>, <i>estimation</i>, and <i>memory</i>.</cd>  <i>Chaucer.
Nares.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But my <i>five wits</i> nor my five senses can<BR>
Dissuade one foolish heart from serving thee.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Ingenuity; humor; satire; sarcasm; irony; burlesque.  --
<u>Wit</u>, <u>Humor</u>. <i>Wit</i> primarily meant mind; and now denotes
the power of seizing on some thought or occurrence, and, by a sudden turn,
presenting it under aspects wholly new and unexpected -- apparently natural
and admissible, if not perfectly just, and bearing on the subject, or the
parties concerned, with a laughable keenness and force. "What I want," said
a pompous orator, aiming at his antagonist, "is common sense."
"<i>Exactly</i>!" was the whispered reply. The pleasure we find in
<i>wit</i> arises from the ingenuity of the turn, the sudden surprise it
brings, and the patness of its application to the case, in the new and
ludicrous relations thus flashed upon the view. <i>Humor</i> is a quality
more congenial to the English mind than <i>wit</i>. It consists primarily
in taking up the peculiarities of a <i>humorist</i> (or eccentric person)
and drawing them out, as Addison did those of Sir Roger de Coverley, so
that we enjoy a hearty, good-natured laugh at his unconscious manifestation
of whims and oddities. From this original sense the term has been widened
to embrace other sources of kindly mirth of the same general character. In
a well-known caricature of English reserve, an Oxford student is
represented as standing on the brink of a river, greatly agitated at the
sight of a drowning man before him, and crying out, "O that I had been
<i>introduced</i> to this gentleman, that I might save his life!  The,
"Silent Woman" of Ben Jonson is one of the most <i>humorous</i>
productions, in the original sense of the term, which we have in our
language.</p>

<p><hw>Witch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Wick</u> of a lamp.]
<def>A cone of paper which is placed in a vessel of lard or other fat, and
used as a taper.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Witch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wicche</i>, AS.
<i>wicce</i>, fem., <i>wicca</i>, masc.; perhaps the same word as AS.
<i>w&imacr;tiga</i>, <i>w&imacr;tga</i>, a soothsayer (cf.
<u>Wiseacre</u>); cf. Fries. <i>wikke</i>, a witch, LG. <i>wikken</i> to
predict, Icel. <i>vitki</i> a wizard, <i>vitka</i> to bewitch.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who practices the black art, or magic; one
regarded as possessing supernatural or magical power by compact with an
evil spirit, esp. with the Devil; a sorcerer or sorceress; -- now applied
chiefly or only to women, but formerly used of men as well.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There was a man in that city whose name was Simon, a
<i>witch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Acts viii. 9).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He can not abide the old woman of Brentford; he swears she's
a <i>witch</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An ugly old woman; a hag.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who exercises more than common power of
attraction; a charming or bewitching person; also, one given to mischief; -
- said especially of a woman or child.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Geom.)</i> <def>A certain curve of the third
order, described by Maria Agnesi under the name <i>versiera</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The stormy petrel.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Witch balls</b></col>, <cd>a name applied to the interwoven
rolling masses of the stems of herbs, which are driven by the winds over
the steppes of Tartary.  Cf. <u>Tumbleweed</u>.</cd> <i>Maunder (Treas. of
Bot.)</i> -- <col><b>Witches' besoms</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>tufted
and distorted branches of the silver fir, caused by the attack of some
fungus.</cd> <i>Maunder (Treas. of Bot.)</i> -- <col><b>Witches'
butter</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name of several gelatinous
cryptogamous plants, as <i>Nostoc commune</i>, and <i>Exidia
glandulosa</i>.  See <u>Nostoc</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Witch grass</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of grass (<i>Panicum capillare</i>) with minute
spikelets on long, slender pedicels forming a light, open panicle.</cd> --
<col><b>Witch meal</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>vegetable sulphur.  See
under <u>Vegetable</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Witch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Witched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Witching</u>.] [AS. <i>wiccian</i>.] <def>To bewitch; to fascinate; to
enchant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[I 'll] <i>witch</i> sweet ladies with my words and
looks.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether within us or without<BR>
The spell of this illusion be<BR>
That <i>witches</i> us to hear and see.</blockquote> <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Witch"craft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>wiccecr&aelig;ft</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The practices or art of witches; sorcery;
enchantments; intercourse with evil spirits.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Power more than natural; irresistible
influence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He hath a <i>witchcraft</i><BR>
Over the king in 's tongue.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Witch"-elm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Wych-elm</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Witch"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Witcheries</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Sorcery;
enchantment; witchcraft.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Great Comus,<BR>
Deep skilled in all his mother's <i>witcheries</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A woman infamous . . . for <i>witcheries</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fascination; irresistible influence;
enchantment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He never felt<BR>
The <i>witchery</i> of the soft blue sky.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The dear, dear <i>witchery</i> of song.</blockquote>
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Witch"-ha`zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wych-elm</u>,
and <u>Hazel</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The wych-elm.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An American shrub or small tree (<i>Hamamelis
Virginica</i>), which blossoms late in autumn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Witch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That witches or enchants;
suited to enchantment or witchcraft; bewitching.</def>  "The very
<i>witching</i> time of night." <i>Shak.</i> -- <wf>Witch"ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Witch"-tree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
witch-hazel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wit"chuck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The sand martin, or bank swallow.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wit"-crack`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who breaks
jests; a joker.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"craft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Art or skill of the mind; contrivance; invention; wit.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Camden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of reasoning; logic.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wite</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>w&imacr;tan</i>; akin
to D. <i>wijten</i>, G. ver<i>weisen</i>, Icel. <i>v&imacr;ta</i> to mulct,
and E. <i>wit</i>; cf. AS. <i>w&imacr;tan</i> to see, L.
animad<i>vertere</i> to observe, to punish. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Wit</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>To reproach; to blame; to censure; also, to
impute as blame.</def>  [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though that I be jealous, <i>wite</i> me not.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There if that I misspeak or say,<BR>
<i>Wite</i> it the ale of Southwark, I you pray.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>w&imacr;te</i> punishment.
&?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Wite</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Blame;
reproach.</def>  [Obs. or Scot.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wite"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Blameless.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>pl. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Wit</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"e*na*ge*mote`</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>witena
gem&omacr;t</i> an assembly of the wise; <i>wita</i> a wise man +
<i>gem&omacr;t</i> assembly.] <i>(AS. Hist.)</i> <def>A meeting of wise
men; the national council, or legislature, of England in the days of the
Anglo-Saxons, before the Norman Conquest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wit"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The ladyfish <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wit"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wise; sensible.</def>
[R.]  <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>With</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Withe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>With</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>with</i>, AS.
<i>wi&?;</i> with, against; akin to AS. <i>wi&?;er</i> against, OFries.
<i>with</i>, OS. <i>wi&?;</i>, <i>wi&?;ar</i>, D. <i>weder</i>,
<i>we&ecirc;r</i> (in comp.), G. <i>wider</i> against, <i>wieder</i> gain,
OHG. <i>widar</i> again, against, Icel. <i>vi&?;</i> against, with, by, at,
Sw. <i>vid</i> at, by, Dan. <i>ved</i>, Goth. <i>wipra</i> against, Skr.
<i>vi</i> asunder.  Cf. <u>Withdraw</u>, <u>Withers</u>, <u>Withstand</u>.]
<def><i>With</i> denotes or expresses some situation or relation of
nearness, proximity, association, connection, or the like.</def>  It is
used especially: --</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To denote a close or direct relation of
opposition or hostility; -- equivalent to <i>against</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thy servant will . . . fight <i>with</i> this
Philistine.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xvii. 32.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In this sense, common in Old English, it is now obsolete except
in a few compounds; as, <i>with</i>hold; <i>with</i>stand; and after the
verbs <i>fight</i>, <i>contend</i>, <i>struggle</i>, and the like.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To denote association in respect of situation or
environment; hence, among; in the company of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I will buy <i>with</i> you, talk <i>with</i> you, walk
<i>with</i> you, and so following; but I will not eat <i>with</i> you,
drink <i>with</i> you, nor pray <i>with</i> you.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Pity your own, or pity our estate,<BR>
Nor twist our fortunes <i>with</i> your sinking fate.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>See where on earth the flowery glories lie;<BR>
<i>With</i> her they flourished, and <i>with</i> her they die.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no living <i>with</i> thee nor without
thee.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such arguments had invincible force <i>with</i> those pagan
philosophers.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To denote a connection of friendship, support,
alliance, assistance, countenance, etc.; hence, on the side of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fear not, for I am <i>with</i> thee, and will bless
thee.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxvi. 24.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To denote the accomplishment of cause, means,
instrument, etc; -- sometimes equivalent to <i>by</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That <i>with</i> these fowls I be all to-rent.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou wilt be like a lover presently,<BR>
And tire the hearer <i>with</i> a book of words.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] entertained a coffeehouse <i>with</i> the following
narrative.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>With</i> receiving your friends within and amusing them
without, you lead a good, pleasant, bustling life of it.</blockquote>
<i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To denote association in thought, as for
comparison or contrast.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can blazing carbuncles <i>with</i> her compare.</blockquote>
<i>Sandys.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To denote simultaneous happening, or immediate
succession or consequence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>With</i> that she told me . . . that she would hide no
truth from me.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>With</i> her they flourished, and <i>with</i> her they
die.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>With</i> this he pointed to his face.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To denote having as a possession or an
appendage; as, the firmament <i>with</i> its stars; a bride <i>with</i> a
large fortune.</def>  "A maid <i>with</i> clean hands."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>With</i> and <i>by</i> are closely allied in many of their
uses, and it is not easy to lay down a rule by which to distinguish their
uses.  See the Note under <u>By</u>.</p>

<p><hw>With*al"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>With</i> +
<i>all</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>With this; with that.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He will scarce be pleased <i>withal</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Together with this; likewise; at the same time;
in addition; also.</def>  [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Fy on possession<BR>
But if a man be virtuous <i>withal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If you choose that, then I am yours
<i>withal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How modest in exception, and <i>withal</i><BR>
How terrible in constant resolution.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*al"</hw>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>With; -- put after its
object, at the end of sentence or clause in which it stands.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This diamond he greets your wife <i>withal</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatsoever uncleanness it be that a man shall be defiled
<i>withal</i>.</blockquote> <i>Lev. v. 3.</i></p>

<p><hw>With"am*ite</hw> (w&ibreve;&thlig;"<i>a</i>m*&imacr;t),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From its discoverer, H. <i>Witham</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A variety of epidote, of a reddish color, found in Scotland.</def></p>

<p><hw>With*draw"</hw> (w&ibreve;&thlig;*dr&add;"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <u>Withdrew</u> (-dr&udd;"); <pos><i>p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Withdrawn</u> (-dr&add;n"); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Withdrawing</u>.] [<i>With</i> against + <i>draw.</i>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To take back or away, as what has been bestowed or
enjoyed; to draw back; to cause to move away or retire; as, to
<i>withdraw</i> aid, favor, capital, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Impossible it is that God should <i>withdraw</i> his
presence from anything.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take back; to recall or retract; as, to
<i>withdraw</i> false charges.</def></p>

<p><hw>With*draw"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To retire; to retreat;
to quit a company or place; to go away; as, he <i>withdrew</i> from the
company.</def>  "When the sea <i>withdrew</i>."  <i>King Horn.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To recede; retrograde; go back.</p>

<p><hw>With*draw"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
withdrawing; withdrawment; retreat; retraction.</def>  <i>Fielding.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*draw"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who withdraws;
one who takes back, or retracts.</def></p>

<p><hw>With*draw"ing-room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Withdraw</u>, and cf. <u>Drawing-room</u>.] <def>A room for retirement
from another room, as from a dining room; a drawing-room.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A door in the middle leading to a parlor and <i>withdrawing-
room</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*draw"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
withdrawing; withdrawal.</def>  <i>W. Belsham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Withe</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>withe</i>.
&?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Withy</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [Written also
<i>with</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A flexible, slender twig or branch used as a
band; a willow or osier twig; a withy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A band consisting of a twig twisted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An iron attachment on one end of
a mast or boom, with a ring, through which another mast or boom is rigged
out and secured; a wythe.</def>  <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A partition between flues in a
chimney.</def></p>

<p><hw>Withe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Withed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Withing</u>.]
<def>To bind or fasten with withes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You shall see him <i>withed</i>, and haltered, and staked,
and baited to death.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>With"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Withered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Withering</u>.] [OE. <i>wideren</i>; probably the same word as
<i>wederen</i> to weather (see <u>Weather</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>); or cf. G. <i>verwittern</i> to decay, to be weather-
beaten, Lith. <i>vysti</i> to wither.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fade; to lose freshness; to become sapless;
to become sapless; to dry or shrivel up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall he hot pull up the roots thereof, and cut off the
fruit thereof, that it <i>wither</i>?</blockquote> <i>Ezek. xvii.
9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To lose or want animal moisture; to waste; to
pin&?; away, as animal bodies.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is man, old, wrinkled, faded,
<i>withered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There was a man which had his hand
<i>withered</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xii. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now warm in love, now <i>with'ring</i> in the
grave.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To lose vigor or power; to languish; to pass
away.</def>  "Names that must not <i>wither</i>."  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>States thrive or <i>wither</i> as moons wax and
wane.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>With"er</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause to fade, and become dry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun is no sooner risen with a burning heat, but it
<i>withereth</i> the grass, and the flower thereof falleth.</blockquote>
<i>James i. 11.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cause to shrink, wrinkle, or decay, for want
of animal moisture.</def>  "Age can not <u>wither</u> her."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shot forth pernicious fire<BR>
Among the accursed, that <i>withered</i> all their strength.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cause to languish, perish, or pass away; to
blight; as, a reputation <i>withered</i> by calumny.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The passions and the cares that <i>wither</i>
life.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>With"er*band`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Withers</i> +
<i>band</i>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>A piece of iron in a saddle near a horse's
withers, to strengthen the bow.</def></p>

<p><hw>With"ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Faded; dried up;
shriveled; wilted; wasted; wasted away.</def>  -- <wf>With"ered*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>With"er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Tending to wither;
causing to shrink or fade.</def>  -- <wf>With"er*ing*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>With"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called after Dr. W.
<i>Withering</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Barium carbonate occurring in white
or gray six-sided twin crystals, and also in columnar or granular
masses.</def></p>

<p><hw>With"er*ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Wither</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <def>A withered person; one who is decrepit.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>With"er*nam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>wi&eth;ern&amacr;m</i>; <i>wi&eth;er</i> against + <i>n&amacr;m</i> a
seizure, fr. <i>niman</i> to take.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A second or
reciprocal distress of other goods in lieu of goods which were taken by a
first distress and have been eloigned; a taking by way of reprisal; --
chiefly used in the expression <i>capias in withernam</i>, which is the
name of a writ used in connection with the action of replevin (sometimes
called a <i>writ of reprisal</i>), which issues to a defendant in replevin
when he has obtained judgment for a return of the chattels replevied, and
fails to obtain them on the <i>writ of return</i>.</def>
<i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1660 !></p>

<p><hw>Withe"-rod`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
North American shrub (<i>Viburnum nudum</i>) whose tough osierlike shoots
are sometimes used for binding sheaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>With"ers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Properly, the parts
which resist the pull or strain in drawing a load; fr. OE. <i>wither</i>
resistance, AS. <i>wi&eth;re</i>, fr. <i>wi&eth;er</i> against; akin to G.
<i>wider</i>rist withers.  See <u>With</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>]
<def>The ridge between the shoulder bones of a horse, at the base of the
neck.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Horse</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let the galled jade wince; our <i>withers</i> are
unwrung.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>With"er-wrung`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Injured or hurt
in the withers, as a horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>With*hold"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Withheld</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Withheld</u>, Obs. or
Archaic <u>Withholden</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Withholding</u>.] [<i>With</i> again, against, back + <i>hold</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hold back; to restrain; to keep from
action.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Withhold</i>, O sovereign prince, your hasty hand<BR>
From knitting league with him.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To retain; to keep back; not to grant; as, to
<i>withhold</i> assent to a proposition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Forbid who will, none shall from me <i>withhold</i><BR>
Longer thy offered good.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To keep; to maintain; to retain.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>withhold</i> it the more easily in heart.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*hold"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
withholds.</def></p>

<p><hw>With*hold"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of
withholding.</def></p>

<p><hw>With*in"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>withinne</i>,
<i>withinnen</i>, AS. <i>wi&eth;innan</i>; <i>wi&eth;</i> with, against,
toward + <i>innan</i> in, inwardly, within, from <i>in</i> in.  See
<u>With</u>, <pos><i>prep.</i></pos>, <u>In</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the inner or interior part of; inside of; not
without; as, <i>within</i> doors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, unhappy youth!<BR>
Come not <i>within</i> these doors; <i>within</i> this roof<BR>
The enemy of all your graces lives.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Till this be cured by religion, it is as impossible for a
man to be happy -- that is, pleased and contented <i>within</i> himself --
as it is for a sick man to be at ease.</blockquote> <i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the limits or compass of; not further in
length than; as, <i>within</i> five miles; not longer in time than; as,
<i>within</i> an hour; not exceeding in quantity; as, expenses kept
<i>within</i> one's income.</def>  "That he repair should again
<i>within</i> a little while."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Within</i> these five hours lived Lord Hastings,<BR>
Untainted, unexamined, free, at liberty.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, inside the limits, reach, or influence
of; not going outside of; not beyond, overstepping, exceeding, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both he and she are still <i>within</i> my
power.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Within himself<BR>
The danger lies, yet lies <i>within</i> his power.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Were every action concluded <i>within</i> itself, and drew
no consequence after it, we should, undoubtedly, never err in our choice of
good.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*in"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In the
inner part; inwardly; internally.</def>  "The wound festers <i>within</i>."
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ills from <i>within</i> thy reason must
prevent.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>In the house; in doors; as, the master is
<i>within</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>With*in"forth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Within; inside;
inwardly.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[It is much greater] labor for to <i>withinforth</i> call
into mind, without sight of the eye withoutforth upon images, what he
before knew and thought upon.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Peacock.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*in"side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the inner
parts; inside.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Graves.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*out"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>withoute</i>,
<i>withouten</i>, AS. <i>wi&eth;&?;tan</i>; <i>wi&eth;</i> with, against,
toward + <i>&?;tan</i> outside, fr. <i>&?;t</i> out.  See <u>With</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos>, <u>Out</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On or at the outside of; out of; not within; as,
<i>without</i> doors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Without</i> the gate<BR>
Some drive the cars, and some the coursers rein.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Out of the limits of; out of reach of;
beyond.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Eternity, before the world and after, is <i>without</i> our
reach.</blockquote> <i>T. Burnet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not with; otherwise than with; in absence of,
separation from, or destitution of; not with use or employment of;
independently of; exclusively of; with omission; as, <i>without</i> labor;
<i>without</i> damage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I wolde it do <i>withouten</i> negligence.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Wise men will do it <i>without</i> a law.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Without</i> the separation of the two monarchies, the
most advantageous terms . . . must end in our destruction.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is no living with thee nor <i>without</i>
thee.</blockquote> <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To do without</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Do</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Without day</b></col> [a translation of L. <i>sine die</i>],
<cd>without the appointment of a day to appear or assemble again; finally;
as, the Fortieth Congress then adjourned <i>without day</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Without recourse</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Recourse</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>With*out"</hw>, <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Unless; except; --
introducing a clause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You will never live to my age <i>without</i> you keep
yourselves in breath with exercise, and in heart with
joyfulness.</blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Now rarely used by good writers or speakers.</p>

<p><hw>With*out"</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>On or
art the outside; not on the inside; not within; outwardly;
externally.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Without</i> were fightings, within were
fears.</blockquote> <i>2 Cor. vii. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Outside of the house; out of doors.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people came unto the house <i>without</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*out"-door`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Outdoor;
exterior.</def>  [Obs.] "Her <i>without-door</i> form."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*out"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Without.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*out"forth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Without;
outside' outwardly.  Cf. <u>Withinforth</u>.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*say"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To contradict; to
gainsay; to deny; to renounce.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If that he his Christendom <i>withsay</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*set"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To set against; to
oppose.</def>  [Obs.] "Their way he them <i>withset</i>."  <i>R. of
Brunne.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*stand"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Withstood</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Withstanding</u>.] [AS. <i>wi&eth;standan</i>.  See <u>With</u>,
<pos><i>prep.</i></pos>, and <u>Stand</u>.] <def>To stand against; to
oppose; to resist, either with physical or moral force; as, to
<i>withstand</i> an attack of troops; to <i>withstand</i> eloquence or
arguments.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>withstood</i> him to the face.</blockquote> <i>Gal. ii.
11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some village Hampden, that, with dauntless breast.<BR>
The little tyrant of his fields <i>withstood</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><hw>With*stand"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
withstands, or opposes; an opponent; a resisting power.</def></p>

<p><hw>With*stood"</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <def>o&?;
<u>Withstand</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>With"vine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Withe</i> +
<i>vine</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Quitch grass.</def></p>

<p><hw>With"wind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>wi&eth;owinde</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of bindweed
(<i>Convolvulus arvensis</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He bare a burden ybound with a broad list,<BR>
In a <i>withewyndes</i> wise ybounden about.</blockquote> <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>With"wine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Withvine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>With"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Withies</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>withe</i>, <i>wipi</i>, AS.
<i>w&imacr;&?;ig</i> a willow, willow twig; akin to G. <i>weide</i> willow,
OHG. <i>w&imacr;da</i>, Icel. <i>v&imacr;&?;ja</i>, a withy, Sw.
<i>vide</i> a willow twig, Dan. <i>vidie</i> a willow, osier, Gr. &?;, and
probably to L. <i>vitis</i> a vine, <i>viere</i> to plait, Russ.
<i>vite</i>. &radic;141.  Cf. <u>Wine</u>, <u>Withe</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The osier willow (<i>Salix
viminalis</i>).  See <u>Osier</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A withe.  See <u>Withe</u>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>With"y</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of withes; like a withe;
flexible and tough; also, abounding in withes.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The stream is brimful now, and lies high in this little
<i>withy</i> plantation.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wit</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Knowledge.</def>  [Obs.] "Withouten
<i>witing</i> of any other wight."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of wit or
understanding; wanting thought; hence, indiscreet; not under the guidance
of judgment.</def>  "<i>Witless</i> bravery."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A witty mother! <i>witless</i> else her son.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Witless</i> pity breedeth fruitless love.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Wit"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Wit"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wit"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Wit</i> + <i>-ling</i>;
cf. G. <i>witzling</i>.] <def>A person who has little wit or understanding;
a pretender to wit or smartness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A beau and <i>witing</i> perished in the
forming.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye newspaper <i>witlings</i>! ye pert scribbling
folks!</blockquote> <i>Goldsmith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>witness</i>,
ge<i>witnes</i>, from <i>witan</i> to know. &radic;133.  See <u>Wit</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Attestation of a fact or an event;
testimony.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>May we with . . . the <i>witness</i> of a good conscience,
pursue him with any further revenge?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If I bear <i>witness</i> of myself, my <i>witness</i> is not
true.</blockquote> <i>John v. 31.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which furnishes evidence or
proof.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Laban said to Jacob, . . . This heap be <i>witness</i>, and
this pillar be <i>witness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xxxi. 51, 52.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who is cognizant; a person who beholds, or
otherwise has personal knowledge of, anything; as, an eye<i>witness</i>; an
ear<i>witness</i>.</def>  "Thyself art <i>witness</i> I am betrothed."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Upon my looking round, I was <i>witness</i> to appearances
which filled me with melancholy and regret.</blockquote> <i>R.
Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One who
testifies in a cause, or gives evidence before a judicial tribunal; as, the
<i>witness</i> in court agreed in all essential facts.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who sees the execution of an instrument, and
subscribes it for the purpose of confirming its authenticity by his
testimony; one who witnesses a will, a deed, a marriage, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Privileged witnesses</b></col>. <i>(Law)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Privileged</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>With a witness</b></col>,
<cd>effectually; to a great degree; with great force, so as to leave some
mark as a testimony.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>This, I confess, is haste <i>with a
witness</i>.</blockquote> <i>South.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Wit"ness</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Witnessed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Witnessing</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To see or know by personal presence; to have
direct cognizance of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This is but a faint sketch of the incalculable calamities
and horrors we must expect, should we ever <i>witness</i> the triumphs of
modern infidelity.</blockquote> <i>R. Hall.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>General Washington did not live to <i>witness</i> the
restoration of peace.</blockquote> <i>Marshall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give testimony to; to testify to; to
attest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Behold how many things they <i>witness</i> against
thee.</blockquote> <i>Mark xv. 4.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To see the execution of, as an
instrument, and subscribe it for the purpose of establishing its
authenticity; as, to <i>witness</i> a bond or a deed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wit"ness</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To bear testimony; to
give evidence; to testify.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The men of Belial <i>witnessed</i> against him.</blockquote>
<i>1 Kings xxi. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>witnessing</i> of the truth was then so generally
attended with this event [martyrdom] that martyrdom now signifies not only
to <i>witness</i>, but to <i>witness</i> to death.</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"ness*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
witness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wit"-snap`per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who affects
repartee; a wit-cracker.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"-starved`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Barren of wit;
destitute of genius.</def>  <i>Examiner.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having (such) a wit or
understanding; as, a quick-<i>witted</i> boy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wit"tic*as`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed like
<i>criticaster</i>.] <def>A witling.</def>  [R.]  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"ti*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Witty</u>.]
<def>A witty saying; a sentence or phrase which is affectedly witty; an
attempt at wit; a conceit.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is full of conceptions, points of epigram, and
<i>witticisms</i>; all which are below the dignity of heroic
verse.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"ti*fied</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Witty</i> + <i>-
fy</i> + <i>-ed</i>.] <def>Possessed of wit; witty.</def>  [R.]  <i>R.
North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"ti*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a witty manner;
wisely; ingeniously; artfully; with wit; with a delicate turn or phrase, or
with an ingenious association of ideas.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who his own harm so <i>wittily</i> contrives.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"ti*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of being
witty.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wit"ting*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Wit</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Knowingly; with knowledge; by design.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wit"tol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be for <i>white
tail</i>, and so called in allusion to its white tail; but cf.
<i>witwal</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wheatear.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A man who knows his wife's infidelity and
submits to it; a tame cuckold; -- so called because the cuckoo lays its
eggs in the wittol's nest.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"tol*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a wittol;
cuckoldly.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Witts</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Tin ore
freed from earthy matter by stamping.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wit"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Wittier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Wittiest</u>.] [AS.
<i>witig</i>, <i>wittig</i>.  See <u>Wit</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Possessed of wit; knowing; wise; skillful;
judicious; clever; cunning.</def>  [Obs.] "The deep-revolving <i>witty</i>
Buckingham."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Especially, possessing wit or humor; good at
repartee; droll; facetious; sometimes, sarcastic; as, a <i>witty</i>
remark, poem, and the like.</def>  "Honeycomb, who was so unmercifully
<i>witty</i> upon the women."  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Acute; smart; sharp; arch; keen; facetious; amusing;
humorous; satirical; ironical; taunting.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Wit"wal`</hw>, <hw>Wit"wall`</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Akin to G. <i>wittewal</i>, <i>wiedewall</i>, MHG. <i>witewal</i>, D.
<i>wiedewaal</i>, <i>wielewaal</i>, OD. <i>weduwael</i>, and perhaps the
same word as OE. <i>wodewale</i>.  Cf. <u>Wood</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Wittol</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The golden
oriole.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The greater spotted
woodpecker.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wit"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, feeds on or destroys wit.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wive</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wived</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wiving</u>.] [AS.
<i>w&imacr;fian</i>, <i>gew&imacr;fian</i>.  See <u>Wite</u>.] <def>To
marry, as a man; to take a wife.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wherefore we pray you hastily to <i>wive</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wive</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To match
to a wife; to provide with a wife.</def>  "An I could get me but a wife . .
.  I were manned, horsed, and <i>wived</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To take for a wife; to marry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have <i>wived</i> his sister.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wive"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wifehood.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wive"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wifeless.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Homilies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wive"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wifely.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Udall.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wiv"er</hw> (?), <hw>Wiv"ern</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>wivere</i> a serpent, OF. <i>wivre</i>, <i>guivre</i>, F. <i>givre</i>,
<i>guivre</i>, wiver, from L. <i>vipera</i>; probably influenced by OHG.
<i>wipera</i>, from the Latin.  See <u>Viper</u>, and cf.
<u>Weever</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>A fabulous two-legged, winged
creature, like a cockatrice, but having the head of a dragon, and without
spurs.</def>  [Written also <i>wyvern</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The jargon of heraldry, its griffins, its mold warps, its
<i>wiverns</i>, and its dragons.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The weever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wives</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><i>pl.</i> of
<u>Wife</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wiz"ard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from <i>wise</i> +
<i>-ard</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wise man; a sage.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>See how from far upon the eastern road<BR>
The star-led <i>wizards</i> [Magi] haste with odors sweet!</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One devoted to the black art; a magician; a
conjurer; a sorcerer; an enchanter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The wily <i>wizard</i> must be caught.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wiz"ard</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Enchanting; charming.</def>  <i>Collins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Haunted by wizards.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Where Deva spreads her <i>wizard</i> stream.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wiz"ard*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling or becoming a
wizard; wizardlike; weird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wiz"ard*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character or
practices o&?; wizards; sorcery; magic.</def>  "He acquired a reputation
bordering on <i>wizardry</i>."  <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wiz"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wisenen</i>, AS.
<i>wisnian</i> akin to <i>weornian</i> to decay, OHG. <i>wesan&?;n</i> to
grow dry, G. ver<i>wesen</i> to rot, Icel. <i>visna</i> to wither, Sw.
<i>vissna</i>, Dan. <i>visne</i>, and probably to L. <i>virus</i> an
offensive odor, poison.  Cf. <u>Virus</u>.] <def>To wither; to dry.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Wiz"en</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wizened; thin; weazen;
withered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A little lonely, <i>wizen</i>, strangely clad
boy.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wiz"en</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The weasand.</def>  [Prov.
Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Wiz"ened</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dried; shriveled;
withered; shrunken; weazen; as, a <i>wizened</i> old man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wiz"en-faced`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
shriveled, thin, withered face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wlat"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wlatian</i> to
disgust, irk, <i>wl&?;tta</i> loathing.] <def>Loathsome; disgusting;
hateful.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Murder is . . . <i>wlatsom</i> and abhominable to
God.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Woe</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wod</i>, AS.
<i>w&amacr;d</i>; akin to D. <i>weede</i>, G. <i>waid</i>, OHG.
<i>weit</i>, Dan. <i>vaid</i>, <i>veid</i>, Sw. <i>veide</i>, L.
<i>vitrum</i>.] [Written also <i>wad</i>, and <i>wade</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An herbaceous cruciferous plant
(<i>Isatis tinctoria</i>). It was formerly cultivated for the blue coloring
matter derived from its leaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A blue dyestuff, or coloring matter, consisting
of the powdered and fermented leaves of the <i>Isatis tinctoria</i>. It is
now superseded by indigo, but is somewhat used with indigo as a ferment in
dyeing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their bodies . . . painted with <i>woad</i> in sundry
figures.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wild woad</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the weld (<i>Reseda
luteola</i>).  See <u>Weld</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Woad mill</b></col>, <cd>a
mill grinding and preparing woad.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Woad"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Colored or stained with
woad.</def>  "Man tattoed or <i>woaded</i>, winter-clad in skins."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woad"-wax`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Wood-wax</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A leguminous plant (<i>Genista tinctoria</i>) of Europe
and Russian Asia, and adventitious in America; -- called also
<i>greenwood</i>, <i>greenweed</i>, <i>dyer's greenweed</i>, and
<i>whin</i>, <i>wood-wash</i>, <i>wood-wax</i>, and <i>wood-
waxen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Woald</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Weld</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wob"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Wabble</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wode</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>w&omacr;d</i>.]
<def>Mad.  See <u>Wood</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wode</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wood.</def>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wode"geld`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wood</u>, and
<u>Geld</u>.] <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i> <def>A geld, or payment, for wood.</def>
<i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wo"den</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>W&omacr;den</i>; akin
to OS. <i>W&omacr;dan</i>, OHG. <i>Wuotan</i>, Icel. <i>O&eth;inn</i>, and
probably to E. <i>wood</i>, a.  Cf. <u>Wednesday</u>.] <i>(Northern
Myth.)</i> <def>A deity corresponding to Odin, the supreme deity of the
Scandinavians.  <i>Wednesday</i> is named for him.  See
<u>Odin</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1661 !></p>

<p><hw>Woe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wo</i>, <i>wa</i>, woo,
AS. <i>w&amacr;</i>, interj.; akin to D. <i>wee</i>, OS. &amp; OHG.
<i>w&emacr;</i>, G. <i>weh</i>, Icel. <i>vei</i>, Dan. <i>vee</i>, Sw.
<i>ve</i>, Goth. <i>wai</i>; cf. L. <i>vae</i>, Gr. &?;. &radic;128.  Cf.
<u>Wail</u>.] [Formerly written also <i>wo</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Grief; sorrow; misery; heavy calamity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus saying, from her side the fatal key,<BR>
Sad instrument of all our <i>woe</i>, she took.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] weep each other's <i>woe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A curse; a malediction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Can there be a <i>woe</i> or curse in all the stores of
vengeance equal to the malignity of such a practice?</blockquote>
<i>South.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Woe</i> is used in denunciation, and in exclamations of
sorrow. " <i>Woe</i> is me! for I am undone."  <i>Isa. vi. 5.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O! <i>woe</i> were us alive [i.e., in life].</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Woe</i> unto him that striveth with his
Maker!</blockquote> <i>Isa. xlv. 9.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Woe worth</b></col>, <cd>Woe be to.  See <u>Worth</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Woe worth</i> the chase, <i>woe worth</i> the day,<BR>
That costs thy life, my gallant gray!</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woe</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Woeful; sorrowful.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His clerk was <i>woe</i> to do that deed.</blockquote>
<i>Robert of Brunne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Woe</i> was this knight and sorrowfully he
sighed.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And looking up he waxed wondrous <i>woe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woe"-be*gone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wo begon</i>.
See <u>Woe</u>, and <u>Begone</u>, <i>p. p.</i>] <def>Beset or overwhelmed
with woe; immersed in grief or sorrow; woeful.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So <i>woe-begone</i> was he with pains of love.</blockquote>
<i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Woe"ful</hw>, <hw>Wo"ful</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Full of woe; sorrowful; distressed with grief or
calamity; afflicted; wretched; unhappy; sad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How many <i>woeful</i> widows left to bow<BR>
To sad disgrace!</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Bringing calamity, distress, or affliction; as,
a <i>woeful</i> event; <i>woeful</i> want.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O <i>woeful</i> day! O day of woe!</blockquote>
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wretched; paltry; miserable; poor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What <i>woeful</i> stuff this madrigal would
be!</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Woe"ful*ly</hw>, <hw>Wo"ful*ly</hw>, } <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
<def>In a woeful manner; sorrowfully; mournfully; miserably;
dolefully.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Woe"ful*ness</hw>, <hw>Wo"ful*ness</hw>, } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The quality or state of being woeful; misery; wretchedness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Woe"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Woeful.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Langhorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woke</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<def><u>Wake</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wol</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Will</u>.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wold</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wold</i>, <i>wald</i>,
AS. <i>weald</i>, <i>wald</i>, a wood, forest; akin to OFries. &amp; OS.
<i>wald</i>, D. <i>woud</i>, G. <i>wald</i>, Icel. <i>v&ouml;llr</i>, a
field, and probably to Gr. &?; a grove, Skr. <i>v&amacr;&?;a</i> a garden,
inclosure.  Cf. <u>Weald</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A wood; a forest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A plain, or low hill; a country without wood,
whether hilly or not.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And from his further bank &AElig;tolia's <i>wolds</i>
espied.</blockquote> <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wind that beats the mountain, blows<BR>
More softly round the open <i>wold</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wold</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Weld</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wolde</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Will</u>.
See <u>Would</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wolf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Wolves</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>wolf</i>, <i>wulf</i>, AS.
<i>wulf</i>; akin to OS. <i>wulf</i>, D. &amp; G. <i>wolf</i>, Icel.
<i>&umacr;lfr</i>, Sw. <i>ulf</i>, Dan. <i>ulv</i>, Goth. <i>wulfs</i>,
Lith. <i>vilkas</i>, Russ. <i>volk'</i>, L. <i>lupus</i>, Gr.
<grk>ly`kos</grk>, Skr. <i>v&rsdot;ka</i>; also to Gr. <grk>"e`lkein</grk>
to draw, drag, tear in pieces. &radic;286.   Cf. <u>Lupine</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <u>Lyceum</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of wild and savage carnivores belonging to the genus <i>Canis</i> and
closely allied to the common dog. The best-known and most destructive
species are the European wolf (<i>Canis lupus</i>), the American gray, or
timber, wolf (<i>C. occidentalis</i>), and the prairie wolf, or coyote.
Wolves often hunt in packs, and may thus attack large animals and even
man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the destructive, and
usually hairy, larv&aelig; of several species of beetles and grain moths;
as, the bee <i>wolf</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: Any very ravenous, rapacious, or
destructive person or thing; especially, want; starvation; as, they toiled
hard to keep the <i>wolf</i> from the door.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A white worm, or maggot, which infests
granaries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An eating ulcer or sore.  Cf.
<u>Lupus</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If God should send a cancer upon thy face, or a <i>wolf</i>
into thy side.</blockquote> <i>Jer. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The harsh,
howling sound of some of the chords on an organ or piano tuned by unequal
temperament.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In bowed instruments, a
harshness due to defective vibration in certain notes of the
scale.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Textile Manuf.)</i> <def>A willying
machine.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Black wolf</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A black variety of the European wolf which is common in the
Pyrenees.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A black variety of the American gray
wolf.</cd> -- <col><b>Golden wolf</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
Thibetan wolf (<i>Canis laniger</i>); -- called also <i>chanco</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Indian wolf</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an Asiatic wolf
(<i>Canis pallipes</i>) which somewhat resembles a jackal. Called also
<i>landgak</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Prairie wolf</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the coyote.</cd> -- <col><b>Sea wolf</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Strand wolf</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>the striped hyena.</cd> -- <col><b>Tasmanian
wolf</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the zebra wolf.</cd> --
<col><b>Tiger wolf</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the spotted
hyena.</cd> -- <col><b>To keep the wolf from the door</b></col>, <cd>to
keep away poverty; to prevent starvation.  See <u>Wolf</u>, 3, above.</cd>
<i>Tennyson.</i> -- <col><b>Wolf dog</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The mastiff, or shepherd dog, of the Pyrenees,
supposed by some authors to be one of the ancestors of the St. Bernard
dog.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The Irish greyhound, supposed to have
been used formerly by the Danes for chasing wolves.</cd>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>A dog bred between a dog and a wolf, as the Eskimo
dog.</cd> -- <col><b>Wolf eel</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a wolf
fish.</cd> -- <col><b>Wolf fish</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one
of several species of large, voracious marine fishes of the genus
<i>Anarrhichas</i>, especially the common species (<i>A. lupus</i>) of
Europe and North America. These fishes have large teeth and powerful jaws.
Called also <i>catfish</i>, <i>sea cat</i>, <i>sea wolf</i>, <i>stone
biter</i>, and <i>swinefish</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wolf net</b></col>, <cd>a
kind of net used in fishing, which takes great numbers of fish.</cd> --
<col><b>Wolf's peach</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the tomato, or love apple
(<i>Lycopersicum esculentum</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Wolf spider</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of running ground
spiders belonging to the genus <i>Lycosa</i>, or family
<i>Lycosid&aelig;</i>. These spiders run about rapidly in search of their
prey. Most of them are plain brown or blackish in color.  See
<i>Illust.</i> in App.</cd> -- <col><b>Zebra wolf</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a savage carnivorous marsupial (<i>Thylacinus
cynocephalus</i>) native of Tasmania; -- called also <i>Tasmanian
wolf</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wolf"ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
American shrub (<i>Symphoricarpus occidentalis</i>) which bears soft white
berries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wolff"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Discovered, or first described, by Caspar Friedrich <i>Wolff</i>
(1733-1794), the founder of modern embryology.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wolffian body</b></col>, <cd>the mesonephros.</cd> --
<col><b>Wolffian duct</b></col>, <cd>the duct from the Wolffian
body.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wolf"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a wolf; having the
qualities or form of a wolf; as, a <i>wolfish</i> visage; <i>wolfish</i>
designs.</def></p>

<p>-- <wf>Wolf"ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Wolf"ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wolf"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little or young
wolf.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wolf"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young wolf.</def>
<i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wol"fram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Wolframite</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Wol"fram*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of wolframic acid; a tungstate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wol*fram"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to wolframium.  See <u>Tungstic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wol"fram*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., <i>wolframit</i>,
<i>wolfram</i>; <i>wolf</i> wolf + <i>rahm</i> cream, soot; cf. G.
<i>wolfsruss</i> wolfram, lit., wolf's soot.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Tungstate
of iron and manganese, generally of a brownish or grayish black color,
submetallic luster, and high specific gravity. It occurs in cleavable
masses, and also crystallized. Called also <i>wolfram</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wol*fra"mi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.  See
<u>Wolfram</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The technical name of the element
tungsten.  See <u>Tungsten</u>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Wolfs"bane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
poisonous plant (<i>Aconitum Lycoctonum</i>), a kind of monkshood; also, by
extension, any plant or species of the genus <i>Aconitum</i>.  See
<u>Aconite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wolf's"-claw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
kind of club moss.  See <u>Lycopodium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wolf's"-foot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Club
moss.  See <u>Lycopodium</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wolf's"-milk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
kind of spurge (<i>Euphorbia</i>); -- so called from its acrid milky
juice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Woll</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Will</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wol"las*ton*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After Dr. W. H.
<i>Wollaston</i>, an English chemist, who died in 1828.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A silicate of lime of a white to gray, red, or yellow color, occurring
generally in cleavable masses, rarely in tabular crystals; tabular
spar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wolle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wool.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wol`ver*ene"</hw>, <hw>Wol`ver*ine"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wolf</u>, with a dim suffix; prob. so called
from its supposed wolfish qualities.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The glutton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A nickname for an inhabitant of Michigan.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wolves</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of
<u>Wolf</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wolv"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wolfish.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wom"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Women</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>woman</i>, <i>womman</i>,
<i>wumman</i>, <i>wimman</i>, <i>wifmon</i>, AS. <i>w&imacr;fmann</i>,
<i>w&imacr;mmann</i>; <i>w&imacr;f</i> woman, wife + <i>mann</i> a man.
See <u>Wife</u>, and <u>Man</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An adult female person; a grown-up female
person, as distinguished from a man or a child; sometimes, any female
person.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Women</i> are soft, mild pitiful, and
flexible.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And the rib, which the Lord God had taken from man, made he
a <i>woman</i>.</blockquote> <i>Gen. ii. 22.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I have observed among all nations that the <i>women</i>
ornament themselves more than the men; that, wherever found, they are the
same kind, civil, obliging, humane, tender beings, inclined to be gay and
cheerful, timorous and modest.</blockquote> <i>J. Ledyard.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The female part of the human race;
womankind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man is destined to be a prey to <i>woman</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A female attendant or servant.</def>  " By her
<i>woman</i> I sent your message."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Woman hater</b></col>, <cd>one who hates women; one who has an
aversion to the female sex; a misogynist.</cd>  <i>Swift.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Wom"an</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To act
the part of a woman in; -- with indefinite <i>it</i>.</def>
<i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To make effeminate or womanish.</def>  [R.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To furnish with, or unite to, a woman.</def>
[R.] "To have him see me <i>woman'd</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>{<hw>Wom"an*head</hw> (?), <hw>Wom"an*hede</hw> (?)},
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Womanhood.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wom"an*hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The state of being a woman; the distinguishing character or qualities
of a woman, or of womankind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unspotted faith, and comely <i>womanhood</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps the smile and the tender tone<BR>
Came out of her pitying <i>womanhood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Women, collectively; womankind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wom"an*ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Suitable to a woman,
having the qualities of a woman; effeminate; not becoming a man; -- usually
in a reproachful sense.  See the Note under <u>Effeminate</u>.</def>  " Thy
tears are <i>womanish</i>." <i>Shak.</i> " <i>Womanish</i> entreaties."
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A voice not soft, weak, piping, and <i>womanish</i>, but
audible, strong, and manlike.</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Wom"an*ish*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Wom"an*ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wom"an*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make like a
woman; to make effeminate.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>V. Knox.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wom"an*kind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The females of the
human race; women, collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A sanctuary into which <i>womankind</i>, with her tools of
magic, the broom and mop, has very infrequent access.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wom"an*less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without a woman or
women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wom"an*like</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like a woman;
womanly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Womanlike</i>, taking revenge too deep.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wom"an*li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being womanly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>There is nothing wherein their <i>womanliness</i> is more
honestly garnished than with silence.</blockquote> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wom"an*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming a woman;
feminine; as, <i>womanly</i> behavior.</def>  <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A blushing, <i>womanly</i> discovering grace.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wom"an*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In the manner of a
woman; with the grace, tenderness, or affection of a woman.</def>
<i>Gascoigne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Womb</hw> (w&oomac;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wombe</i>,
<i>wambe</i>, AS. <i>wamb</i>, <i>womb</i>; akin to D. <i>wam</i> belly,
OS. &amp; OHG. <i>wamba</i>, G. <i>wamme</i>, <i>wampe</i>, Icel.
<i>v&ouml;mb</i>, Sw. <i>v&aring;mb</i>, Dan. <i>vom</i>, Goth.
<i>wamba</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The belly; the abdomen.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And he coveted to fill his <i>woman</i> of the cods that the
hogs eat, and no man gave him.</blockquote> <i>Wyclif (Luke xv.
16).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>An I had but a belly of any indifferency, I were simply the
most active fellow in Europe. My <i>womb</i>, my <i>womb</i>, my
<i>womb</i> undoes me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The uterus.  See
<u>Uterus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The place where anything is generated or
produced.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>womb</i> of earth the genial seed
receives.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Any cavity containing and enveloping
anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The center spike of gold<BR>
Which burns deep in the bluebell's <i>womb</i>.</blockquote> <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Womb</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To inclose in a womb, or as
in a womb; to breed or hold in secret.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wom"bat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native name,
<i>womback</i>, <i>wombach</i>, in Australia.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of three species of Australian burrowing marsupials of the genus
<i>Phascolomys</i>, especially the common species (<i>P. ursinus</i>).
They are nocturnal in their habits, and feed mostly on roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Womb"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capacious.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wom"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of
<u>Woman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Won</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Win</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Won</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Wone</u>.] <def>To
dwell or abide.</def>  [Obs. or Scot.] " Where he <i>wans</i> in forest
wild."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This land where I have <i>woned</i> thus long.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dwelling; wone.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wonder</i>,
<i>wunder</i>, AS. <i>wundor</i>; akin to D. <i>wonder</i>, OS.
<i>wundar</i>, OHG. <i>wuntar</i>, G. <i>wunder</i>, Icel. <i>undr</i>, Sw.
& Dan. <i>under</i>, and perhaps to Gr. &?; to gaze at.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That emotion which is excited by novelty, or the
presentation to the sight or mind of something new, unusual, strange,
great, extraordinary, or not well understood; surprise; astonishment;
admiration; amazement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They were filled with <i>wonder</i> and amazement at that
which had happened unto him.</blockquote> <i>Acts iii. 10.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wonder</i> is the effect of novelty upon
ignorance.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Wonder</i> expresses less than <i>astonishment</i>, and much
less than <i>amazement</i>. It differs from <i>admiration</i>, as now used,
in not being necessarily accompanied with love, esteem, or approbation.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A cause of wonder; that which excites surprise;
a strange thing; a prodigy; a miracle.</def>  " Babylon, the <i>wonder</i>
of all tongues."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To try things oft, and never to give over, doth
<i>wonders</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I am as a <i>wonder</i> unto many.</blockquote> <i>Ps. lxxi.
7.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Seven wonders of the world</b></col>. <cd>See in the Dictionary
of Noted Names in Fiction.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Won"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wondered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wondering</u>.] [AS. <i>wundrian</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To be affected with surprise or admiration; to
be struck with astonishment; to be amazed; to marvel.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I could not sufficiently <i>wonder</i> at the intrepidity of
these diminutive mortals.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We cease to <i>wonder</i> at what we
understand.</blockquote> <i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To feel doubt and curiosity; to wait with
uncertain expectation; to query in the mind; as, he <i>wondered</i> why
they came.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>wonder</i>, in my soul,<BR>
What you would ask me, that I should deny.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won"der</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wonderful.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>After that he said a <i>wonder</i> thing.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won"der</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Wonderfully.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won"dered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having performed
wonders; able to perform wonderful things.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won"der*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
wonders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Won"der*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted to excite
wonder or admiration; surprising; strange; astonishing.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Marvelous; amazing.  See <u>Marvelous</u>.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Won"der*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Won"der*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Won"der*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wondering
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Won"der*land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A land full of
wonders, or marvels.</def>  <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won"der*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wundorlice</i>.]
<def>Wonderfully; wondrously.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1662 !></p>

<p><hw>Won"der*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Surprise;
astonishment; a wonderful appearance; a wonder.</def>  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All the common sights they view,<BR>
Their <i>wonderment</i> engage.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won"der*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Wondrous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Won"ders</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Wondrous</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They be <i>wonders</i> glad thereof.</blockquote> <i>Sir T.
More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won"der*struck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Struck with
wonder, admiration, or surprise.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won"der*work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>wundorweorc</i>.] <def>A wonderful work or act; a prodigy; a
miracle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Such as in strange land<BR>
He found in <i>wonderworks</i> of God and Nature's hand.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won"der-work`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who performs
wonders, or miracles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Won"der-work`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Doing wonders or
surprising things.</def></p>

<p><hw>Won"drous</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wonders</i>, adv.
(later also adj.).  See <u>Wonder</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>-
wards</u>.] <def>In a wonderful or surprising manner or degree;
wonderfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For sylphs, yet mindful of their ancient race,<BR>
Are, as when women, <i>wondrous</i> fond of place.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And now there came both mist and snow,<BR>
And it grew <i>wondrous</i> cold.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won"drous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wonderful; astonishing;
admirable; marvelous; such as excite surprise and astonishment;
strange.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That I may . . . tell of all thy <i>wondrous</i>
works.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxvi. 7.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Won"drous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Won"drous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Chloe complains, and <i>wondrously</i>'s
aggrieved.</blockquote> <i>Granville.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wone</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wonen</i>,
<i>wunen</i>, <i>wonien</i>, <i>wunien</i>, AS. <i>wunian</i>.
&?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Wont</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To dwell; to
abide.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their habitation in which they <i>woned</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wone</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.  See <u>Wone</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, <u>Wont</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Dwelling; habitation; abode.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Custom; habit; wont; use; usage.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To liven in delight was all his <i>wone</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wang</i>, <i>wong</i>.]
<def>A field.</def>  [Obs.] <i>Spelman.</i> "Woods and <i>wonges</i>."
<i>Havelok the Dane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wong"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Wanger</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dwelling.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Won't</hw> (?). <def>A colloquial contraction of <i>woll not</i>.
Will not.  See <u>Will</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Often pronounced w&ubreve;nt in New England.</p>

<p><hw>Wont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [For <i>woned</i>, p. p. of
<i>won</i>, <i>wone</i>, to dwell, AS. <i>wunian</i>; akin to D.
<i>wonen</i>, OS. <i>wun&?;n</i>, OHG, <i>won&?;n</i>, G. <i>wohnen</i>,
and AS. <i>wund</i>, ge<i>wuna</i>, custom, habit; orig. probably, to take
pleasure; cf. Icel. <i>una</i> to dwell, to enjoy, Goth. <i>wunan</i> to
rejoice (in un<i>wunands</i> sad); and akin to Skr. <i>van</i> to like, to
wish. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  Cf. <u>Wean</u>, <u>Win</u>.] <def>Using or doing
customarily; accustomed; habituated; used.</def>  "As he was <i>wont</i> to
go."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If the ox were <i>wont</i> to push with his
horn.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxi. 29.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wont</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Custom; habit; use;
usage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They are . . . to be called out to their military motions,
under sky or covert, according to the season, as was the Roman
<i>wont</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From childly <i>wont</i> and ancient use.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wont</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Wont</u>, <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Wont</u>, or <u>Wonted</u>;
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wonting</u>.] <def>To be accustomed or
habituated; to be used.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A yearly solemn feast she <i>wont</i> to make.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wont</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To accustom; -- used
reflexively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wont"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Accustomed; customary;
usual.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Again his <i>wonted</i> weapon proved.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like an old piece of furniture left alone in its
<i>wonted</i> corner.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She was <i>wonted</i> to the place, and would not
remove.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wont"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being accustomed.</def>  [R.]  <i>Eikon Basilike.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wont"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unaccustomed.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woo</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wooed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wooing</u>.] [OE. <i>wowen</i>, <i>wo&?;en</i>, AS. <i>w&?;gian</i>, fr.
<i>w&?;h</i> bent, crooked, bad; akin to OS. <i>w&amacr;h</i> evil, Goth.
un<i>wahs</i> blameless, Skr. <i>va&?;c</i> to waver, and perhaps to E.
<i>vaccilate</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To solicit in love; to court.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each, like the Grecian artist, <i>wooes</i><BR>
The image he himself has wrought.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To court solicitously; to invite with
importunity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thee, chantress, oft the woods among<BR>
I <i>woo</i>, to hear thy even song.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>woo</i> the wind<BR>
That still delays his coming.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woo</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To court; to make love.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood</hw> (w&oocr;d), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wod</i>, AS.
<i>w&omacr;d</i>; akin to OHG. <i>wuot</i>, Icel. <i>&omacr;&eth;r</i>,
Goth. <i>w&omacr;ds</i>, D. <i>woede</i> madness, G. <i>wuth</i>,
<i>wut</i>, also to AS. <i>w&omacr;&eth;</i> song, Icel.
<i>&omacr;&eth;r</i>, L. <i>vates</i> a seer, a poet.  Cf.
<u>Wednesday</u>.] <def>Mad; insane; possessed; rabid; furious;
frantic.</def>  [Obs.] [Written also <i>wode</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Our hoste gan to swear as [if] he were
<i>wood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow mad; to act like a
madman; to mad.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wode</i>, <i>wude</i>, AS.
<i>wudu</i>, <i>wiodu</i>; akin to OHG. <i>witu</i>, Icel. <i>vi&?;r</i>,
Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>ved</i> wood, and probably to Ir. &amp; Gael. <i>fiodh</i>, W.
<i>gwydd</i> trees, shrubs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A large and thick collection of trees; a forest
or grove; -- frequently used in the plural.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Light thickens, and the crow<BR>
Makes wing to the rooky <i>wood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The substance of trees and the like; the hard
fibrous substance which composes the body of a tree and its branches, and
which is covered by the bark; timber.</def>  "To worship their own work in
<i>wood</i> and stone for gods."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fibrous material which makes
up the greater part of the stems and branches of trees and shrubby plants,
and is found to a less extent in herbaceous stems. It consists of elongated
tubular or needle-shaped cells of various kinds, usually interwoven with
the shinning bands called <i>silver grain</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Wood consists chiefly of the carbohydrates cellulose and lignin,
which are isomeric with starch.</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Trees cut or sawed for the fire or other
uses.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wood acid</b></col>, <col><b>Wood vinegar</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a complex acid liquid obtained in the dry distillation
of wood, and containing large quantities of acetic acid; hence,
specifically, acetic acid. Formerly called <i>pyroligneous acid</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Wood anemone</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a delicate flower
(<i>Anemone nemorosa</i>) of early spring; -- also called
<i>windflower</i>.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Anemone</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood ant</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a large ant (<i>Formica
rufa</i>) which lives in woods and forests, and constructs large
nests.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood apple</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>. <cd>See
<i>Elephant apple</i>, under <u>Elephant</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
baboon</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the drill.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
betony</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Same as
<u>Betony</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The common American lousewort
(<i>Pedicularis Canadensis</i>), a low perennial herb with yellowish or
purplish flowers.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood borer</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The larva of any one of numerous species of boring
beetles, esp. elaters, longicorn beetles, buprestidans, and certain
weevils.  See <i>Apple borer</i>, under <u>Apple</u>, and <i>Pine
weevil</i>, under <u>Pine</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The larva of
any one of various species of lepidopterous insects, especially of the
clearwing moths, as the peach-tree borer (see under <u>Peach</u>), and of
the goat moths.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>The larva of various species
of hymenopterous of the tribe Urocerata.  See <u>Tremex</u>.</cd>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of several bivalve shells which bore in
wood, as the teredos, and species of Xylophaga.</cd> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<cd>Any one of several species of small Crustacea, as the <i>Limnoria</i>,
and the boring amphipod (<i>Chelura terebrans</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
carpet</b></col>, <cd>a kind of floor covering made of thin pieces of wood
secured to a flexible backing, as of cloth.</cd> <i>Knight.</i> --
<col><b>Wood cell</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a slender cylindrical or
prismatic cell usually tapering to a point at both ends. It is the
principal constituent of woody fiber.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood choir</b></col>,
<cd>the choir, or chorus, of birds in the woods.</cd> [Poetic]
<i>Coleridge.</i> -- <col><b>Wood coal</b></col>, <cd>charcoal; also,
lignite, or brown coal.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood cricket</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small European cricket (<i>Nemobius
sylvestris</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Wood culver</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the wood pigeon.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood cut</b></col>, <cd>an engraving
on wood; also, a print from such an engraving.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
dove</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the stockdove.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
drink</b></col>, <cd>a decoction or infusion of medicinal woods.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood duck</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
very beautiful American duck (<i>Aix sponsa</i>). The male has a large
crest, and its plumage is varied with green, purple, black, white, and red.
It builds its nest in trees, whence the name.  Called also <i>bridal
duck</i>, <i>summer duck</i>, and <i>wood widgeon</i>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The hooded merganser.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<cd>The Australian maned goose (<i>Chlamydochen jubata</i>).</cd> --
<col><b>Wood echo</b></col>, <cd>an echo from the wood.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood engraver</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An engraver on
wood.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Any of several
species of small beetles whose larv&aelig; bore beneath the bark of trees,
and excavate furrows in the wood often more or less resembling coarse
engravings; especially, <i>Xyleborus xylographus</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
engraving</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The act or art engraving on
wood; xylography.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An engraving on wood; a wood
cut; also, a print from such an engraving.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
fern</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Shield fern</i>, under
<u>Shield</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood fiber</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>Fibrovascular tissue.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Wood
comminuted, and reduced to a powdery or dusty mass.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
fretter</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of
beetles whose larv&aelig; bore in the wood, or beneath the bark, of
trees.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood frog</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
common North American frog (<i>Rana sylvatica</i>) which lives chiefly in
the woods, except during the breeding season. It is drab or yellowish
brown, with a black stripe on each side of the head.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
germander</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Germander</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood god</b></col>, <cd>a fabled sylvan deity.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Grass</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood grouse</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>The capercailzie.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The spruce partridge.
See under <u>Spruce</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood guest</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the ringdove.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Wood
hen</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of
several species of Old World short-winged rails of the genus
<i>Ocydromus</i>, including the weka and allied species.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The American woodcock.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
hoopoe</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of Old
World arboreal birds belonging to <i>Irrisor</i> and allied genera. They
are closely allied to the common hoopoe, but have a curved beak, and a
longer tail.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood ibis</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>any one of several species of large, long-legged, wading birds
belonging to the genus <i>Tantalus</i>. The head and neck are naked or
scantily covered with feathers. The American wood ibis (<i>Tantalus
loculator</i>) is common in Florida.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood lark</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small European lark (<i>Alauda arborea</i>),
which, like, the skylark, utters its notes while on the wing. So called
from its habit of perching on trees.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood laurel</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European evergreen shrub (<i>Daphne
Laureola</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Wood leopard</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>a European spotted moth (<i>Zeuzera &aelig;sculi</i>) allied to the
goat moth. Its large fleshy larva bores in the wood of the apple, pear, and
other fruit trees.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood lily</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>,
<cd>the lily of the valley.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood lock</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>a piece of wood close fitted and sheathed with copper,
in the throating or score of the pintle, to keep the rudder from
rising.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of numerous species of terrestrial isopod
Crustacea belonging to <i>Oniscus</i>, <i>Armadillo</i>, and related
genera.  See <i>Sow bug</i>, under Sow, and <i>Pill bug</i>, under
<u>Pill</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of several species of
small, wingless, pseudoneuropterous insects of the family
<i>Psocid&aelig;</i>, which live in the crevices of walls and among old
books and papers.  Some of the species are called also <i>book lice</i>,
and <i>deathticks</i>, or <i>deathwatches</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
mite</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous small mites of
the family <i>Oribatid&aelig;</i>. They are found chiefly in woods, on tree
trunks and stones.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood mote</b></col>. <i>(Eng. Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Formerly, the forest court.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The court of attachment.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
nettle</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Nettle</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood nightshade</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>woody nightshade.</cd>
-- <col><b>Wood nut</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the filbert.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood nymph</b></col>. <i>(a)</i> <cd>A nymph inhabiting the woods;
a fabled goddess of the woods; a dryad.</cd>  "The <i>wood nymphs</i>,
decked with daisies trim." <i>Milton.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Any one of several species of handsomely colored
moths belonging to the genus <i>Eudryas</i>. The larv&aelig; are bright-
colored, and some of the species, as <i>Eudryas grata</i>, and <i>E.
unio</i>, feed on the leaves of the grapevine.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>Any one of several species of handsomely colored
South American humming birds belonging to the genus <i>Thalurania</i>. The
males are bright blue, or green and blue.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
offering</b></col>, <cd>wood burnt on the altar.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>We cast the lots . . . for the <i>wood
offering</i>.</blockquote> <i>Neh. x. 34.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>Wood oil</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a resinous oil obtained
from several East Indian trees of the genus <i>Dipterocarpus</i>, having
properties similar to those of copaiba, and sometimes substituted for it.
It is also used for mixing paint.  See <u>Gurjun</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
opal</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a striped variety of coarse opal, having
some resemblance to wood.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood paper</b></col>, <cd>paper
made of wood pulp.  See <i>Wood pulp</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
pewee</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a North American tyrant flycatcher
(<i>Contopus virens</i>). It closely resembles the pewee, but is
smaller.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood pie</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any
black and white woodpecker, especially the European great spotted
woodpecker.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood pigeon</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>Any one of numerous species of Old World pigeons
belonging to <i>Palumbus</i> and allied genera of the family
<i>Columbid&aelig;</i>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The ringdove.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood puceron</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a plant louse.</cd>
-- <col><b>Wood pulp</b></col> <i>(Technol.)</i>, <cd>vegetable fiber
obtained from the poplar and other white woods, and so softened by
digestion with a hot solution of alkali that it can be formed into sheet
paper, etc. It is now produced on an immense scale.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
quail</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of East
Indian crested quails belonging to <i>Rollulus</i> and allied genera, as
the red-crested wood quail (<i>R. roulroul</i>), the male of which is
bright green, with a long crest of red hairlike feathers.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood rabbit</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the cottontail.</cd>
-- <col><b>Wood rat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several
species of American wild rats of the genus <i>Neotoma</i> found in the
Southern United States; -- called also <i>bush rat</i>. The Florida wood
rat (<i>Neotoma Floridana</i>) is the best-known species.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood reed grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a tall grass (<i>Cinna
arundinacea</i>) growing in moist woods.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
reeve</b></col>, <cd>the steward or overseer of a wood.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Wood rush</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of the genus
<i>Luzula</i>, differing from the true rushes of the genus <i>Juncus</i>
chiefly in having very few seeds in each capsule.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
sage</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a name given to several labiate plants of
the genus <i>Teucrium</i>.  See <u>Germander</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
screw</b></col>, <cd>a metal screw formed with a sharp thread, and usually
with a slotted head, for insertion in wood.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
sheldrake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hooded merganser.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood shock</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the fisher.  See
<u>Fisher</u>, 2.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood shrike</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous species of Old World singing
birds belonging to <i>Grallina</i>, <i>Collyricincla</i>, <i>Prionops</i>,
and allied genera, common in India and Australia. They are allied to the
true shrikes, but feed upon both insects and berries.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
snipe</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The American
woodcock.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>An Asiatic snipe (<i>Gallinago
nemoricola</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Wood soot</b></col>, <cd>soot from burnt
wood.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood sore</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See
<i>Cuckoo spit</i>, under <u>Cuckoo</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
sorrel</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a plant of the genus Oxalis (<i>Oxalis
Acetosella</i>), having an acid taste.  See <i>Illust.</i> (<i>a</i>) of
<u>Shamrock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood spirit</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Methyl alcohol</i>, under <u>Methyl</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
stamp</b></col>, <cd>a carved or engraved block or stamp of wood, for
impressing figures or colors on fabrics.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
star</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of small
South American humming birds belonging to the genus <i>Calothorax</i>. The
male has a brilliant gorget of blue, purple, and other colors.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood sucker</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the yaffle.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood swallow</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of numerous
species of Old World passerine birds belonging to the genus <i>Artamus</i>
and allied genera of the family <i>Artamid&aelig;</i>. They are common in
the East Indies, Asia, and Australia. In form and habits they resemble
swallows, but in structure they resemble shrikes. They are usually black
above and white beneath.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood tapper</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any woodpecker.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
tar</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Tar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
thrush</b></col>, <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>An American
thrush (<i>Turdus mustelinus</i>) noted for the sweetness of its song.  See
under <u>Thrush</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The missel thrush.</cd> -
- <col><b>Wood tick</b></col>. <cd>See in Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
tin</b></col>. <i>(Min.)</i>. <cd>See <u>Cassiterite</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood titmouse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
goldcgest.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood tortoise</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the sculptured tortoise.  See under <u>Sculptured</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood vine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the white bryony.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood vinegar</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Wood acid</i>, above.</cd> --
<col><b>Wood warbler</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Any one of numerous species of American warblers of the genus
<i>Dendroica</i>.  See <u>Warbler</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A
European warbler (<i>Phylloscopus sibilatrix</i>); -- called also <i>green
wren</i>, <i>wood wren</i>, and <i>yellow wren</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood
worm</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a larva that bores in wood; a wood
borer.</cd> -- <col><b>Wood wren</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The wood warbler.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The
willow warbler.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wood</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wooded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wooding</u>.] <def>To supply with wood, or get supplies of wood for; as,
to <i>wood</i> a steamboat or a locomotive.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1663 !></p>

<p><hw>Wood</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take or get a supply
of wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"bind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Woodbine.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A garland . . . of <i>woodbind</i> or hawthorn
leaves.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood"bine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wudubind</i> black
ivy; -- so named as binding about trees.  See <u>Wood</u>, and <u>Bind</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A climbing
plant having flowers of great fragrance (<i>Lonicera Periclymenum</i>); the
honeysuckle.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The Virginia creeper.  See
<i>Virginia creeper</i>, under <u>Virginia</u>.</def>  [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Beatrice, who even now<BR>
Is couched in the <i>woodbine</i> coverture.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood"-bound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Incumbered with
tall, woody hedgerows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"bur*y-type`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After the name of
the inventor, W. <i>Woodbury</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A process in photographic printing, in which a
relief pattern in gelatin, which has been hardened after certain
operations, is pressed upon a plate of lead or other soft metal. An
intaglio impression in thus produced, from which pictures may be directly
printed, but by a slower process than in common printing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A print from such a plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"chat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several species of Asiatic singing
birds belonging to the genera <i>Ianthia</i> and <i>Larvivora</i>. They are
closely allied to the European robin. The males are usually bright blue
above, and more or less red or rufous beneath.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A European shrike (<i>Enneoctonus rufus</i>). In the male the head and
nape are rufous red; the back, wings, and tail are black, varied with
white.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"chuck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A common large North American marmot (<i>Arctomys
monax</i>). It is usually reddish brown, more or less grizzled with gray.
It makes extensive burrows, and is often injurious to growing crops. Called
also <i>ground hog</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The yaffle, or green
woodpecker.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wood"cock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wuducoc</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of long-billed limicoline birds belonging to the genera <i>Scolopax</i> and
<i>Philohela</i>. They are mostly nocturnal in their habits, and are highly
esteemed as game birds.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The most important species are the European (<i>Scolopax
rusticola</i>) and the American woodcock (<i>Philohela minor</i>), which
agree very closely in appearance and habits.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A simpleton.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>If I loved you not, I would laugh at you, and see you<BR>
Run your neck into the noose, and cry, "A <i>woodcock</i>!"</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Little woodcock</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The common
American snipe.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The European snipe.</cd> --
<col><b>Sea woodcock fish</b></col>, <cd>the bellows fish.</cd> --
<col><b>Woodcock owl</b></col>, <cd>the short-eared owl (<i>Asio
brachyotus</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Woodcock shell</b></col>, <cd>the shell of
certain mollusks of the genus <i>Murex</i>, having a very long canal, with
or without spines.</cd> -- <col><b>Woodcock snipe</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Snipe</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wood"crack`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The nuthatch.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wood"craft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Skill and practice
in anything pertaining to the woods, especially in shooting, and other
sports in the woods.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men of the glade and forest! leave<BR>
Your <i>woodcraft</i> for the field of fight.</blockquote>
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood"cut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An engraving on wood;
also, a print from it. Same as <i>Wood cut</i>, under
<u>Wood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"cut`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person who cuts wood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An engraver on wood.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wood"cut`ting</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or employment of cutting wood or timber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act or art of engraving on wood.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wood"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Supplied or covered with
wood, or trees; as, land <i>wooded</i> and watered.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The brook escaped from the eye down a deep and <i>wooded</i>
dell.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made
or consisting of wood; pertaining to, or resembling, wood; as, a
<i>wooden</i> box; a <i>wooden</i> leg; a <i>wooden</i> wedding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Clumsy; awkward; ungainly; stiff;
spiritless.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When a bold man is out of countenance, he makes a very
<i>wooden</i> figure on it.</blockquote> <i>Collier.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His singing was, I confess, a little
<i>wooden</i>.</blockquote> <i>G. MacDonald.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wooden spoon</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Cambridge
University, Eng.)</i> <cd>The last junior optime who takes a university
degree, -- denoting one who is only fit to stay at home and stir
porridge.</cd>  "We submit that a <i>wooden spoon</i> of our day would not
be justified in calling Galileo and Napier blockheads because they never
heard of the differential calculus." <i>Macaulay.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>In some American colleges, the lowest appointee of the junior year;
sometimes, one especially popular in his class, without reference to
scholarship.  Formerly, it was a custom for classmates to present to this
person a wooden spoon with formal ceremonies.</cd> -- <col><b>Wooden
ware</b></col>, <cd>a general name for buckets, bowls, and other articles
of domestic use, made of wood.</cd> -- <col><b>Wooden wedding</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>Wedding</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wood"en*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Clumsily; stupidly;
blockishly.</def>  <i>R. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood"en*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of being
wooden; clumsiness; stupidity; blockishness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We set our faces against the <i>woodenness</i> which then
characterized German philology.</blockquote> <i>Sweet.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wood"hack`</hw> (?), <hw>Wood"hack`er</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The yaffle.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wood"hew`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A woodpecker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A place where wood is
stored.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A house or shed in
which wood is stored, and sheltered from the weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being woody.</def>  <i>Evelyn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood"knack`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The yaffle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Land covered with wood
or trees; forest; land on which trees are suffered to grow, either for fuel
or timber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Here hills and vales, the <i>woodland</i> and the plain,<BR>
Here earth and water seem to strive again.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Woodlands</i> and cultivated fields are harmoniously
blended.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to
woods or woodland; living in the forest; sylvan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She had a rustic, <i>woodland</i> air.</blockquote>
<i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like summer breeze by <i>woodland</i> stream.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Woodland caribou</b></col>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Caribou</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wood"land*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dweller in a
woodland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"-lay`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
young oak, or other timber plant, laid down in a hedge among the whitethorn
or other plants used in hedges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no wood; destitute
of wood.</def>  <i>Mitford.</i> -- <wf>Wood"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wood"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wood, mad, or raving
manner; madly; furiously.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Woodmen</b></plw> (&?;). [Written also <i>woodsman</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A forest officer appointed to take care of the
king's woods; a forester.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A sportsman; a hunter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The duke] is a better <i>woodman</i> than thou takest him
for.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>One who cuts down trees; a woodcutter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Woodman</i>, spare that tree.</blockquote> <i>G. P.
Morris.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>One who dwells in the woods or forest; a
bushman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"meil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Wadmol</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"mon`ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wood
seller.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wood"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wood</u> mad.]
<def>Anger; madness; insanity; rage.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Woodness</i> laughing in his rage.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood"-note`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Wood</i>, n. +
<i>note</i>.] <def>A wild or natural note, as of a forest bird.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Or sweetest Shakespeare, fancy's child,<BR>
Warble his native <i>wood-notes</i> wild.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood"peck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
woodpecker.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wood"peck`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous species of scansorial birds belonging to
<i>Picus</i> and many allied genera of the family
<i>Picid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; These birds have the tail feathers pointed and rigid at the tip
to aid in climbing, and a strong chisellike bill with which they are able
to drill holes in the bark and wood of trees in search of insect
larv&aelig; upon which most of the species feed. A few species feed partly
upon the sap of trees (see <i>Sap sucker</i>, under <u>Sap</u>), others
spend a portion of their time on the ground in search of ants and other
insects.</p>

<p>   The most common European species are the greater spotted woodpecker
(<i>Dendrocopus major</i>), the lesser spotted woodpecker (<i>D.
minor</i>), and the green woodpecker, or yaffle (see <u>Yaffle</u>).</p>

<p>   The best-known American species are the pileated woodpecker (see
under <u>Pileated</u>), the ivory-billed woodpecker (<i>Campephilus
principalis</i>), which is one of the largest known species, the red-headed
woodpecker, or red-head (<i>Melanerpes erythrocephalus</i>), the red-
bellied woodpecker (<i>M. Carolinus</i>) (see <u>Chab</u>), the
superciliary woodpecker (<i>M. superciliaris</i>), the hairy woodpecker
(<i>Dryobates villosus</i>), the downy woodpecker (<i>D. pubescens</i>),
the three-toed, woodpecker (<i>Picoides Americanus</i>), the golden-winged
woodpecker (see <u>Flicker</u>), and the sap suckers.  See also
<u>Carpintero</u>.</p>

<p><col><b>Woodpecker hornbill</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a black
and white Asiatic hornbill (<i>Buceros pica</i>) which resembles a
woodpecker in color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wood"rock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
compact woodlike variety of asbestus.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wood"ruff`</hw> (?), <hw>Wood"roof`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wudurofe</i>.  See <u>Wood</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Ruff</u> a plaited collar.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A little European herb (<i>Asperula odorata</i>) having a pleasant
taste. It is sometimes used for flavoring wine.  See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Whorl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"-sare`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Wood</i> + Prov. E.
<i>sare</i> for <i>sore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A kind of froth seen on
herbs.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wood"-sere`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The time when there
no sap in the trees; the winter season.</def>  [Written also <i>wood-
seer</i>.] [Obs.]  <i>Tusser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woods"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Woodsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A woodman; especially, one who lives
in the forest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood's" met"al</hw> (?). <def>A fusible alloy consisting of one or
two parts of cadmium, two parts of tin, four of lead, with seven or eight
part of bismuth. It melts at from 66&deg; to 71&deg; C.  See <i>Fusible
metal</i>, under <u>Fusible</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
striped variety of hornstone, resembling wood in appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Woods"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to the
woods or forest.</def>  [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It [sugar making] is <i>woodsy</i>, and savors of
trees.</blockquote> <i>J. Burroughs.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wood" tick`</hw> (?). <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of ticks of the genus <i>Ixodes</i> whose young cling to bushes,
but quickly fasten themselves upon the bodies of any animal with which they
come in contact. When they attach themselves to the human body they often
produce troublesome sores. The common species of the Northern United States
is <i>Ixodes unipunctata</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"wall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The yaffle.</def>  [Written also <i>woodwale</i>, and
<i>woodwele</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Wood"ward`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Forest Law)</i>
<def>An officer of the forest, whose duty it was to guard the
woods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood*war"di*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. After Thomas J.
<i>Woodward</i>, an English botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of ferns,
one species of which (<i>Woodwardia radicans</i>) is a showy plant in
California, the Azores, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wood"-wash`</hw> (?), <hw>Wood"-wax`</hw> (?), <hw>Wood"-
wax`en</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wuduweaxe</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Woadwaxen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work made of wood;
that part of any structure which is wrought of wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <i>Wood worm</i>, under <u>Wood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Abounding with wood or woods; as, <i>woody</i> land.</def>  "The
<i>woody</i> wilderness."  <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Secret shades<BR>
Of <i>woody</i> Ida's inmost grove.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Consisting of, or containing, wood or woody
fiber; ligneous; as, the <i>woody</i> parts of plants.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to woods; sylvan.</def>  [R.]
"<i>Woody</i> nymphs, fair Hamadryades."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Woody fiber</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Fiber or tissue consisting of slender, membranous tubes tapering at
each end.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A single wood cell.  See under
<u>Wood</u>.</cd> <i>Goodale.</i> -- <col><b>Woody nightshade</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i>. <cd>See <u>Bittersweet</u>, 3 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> --
<col><b>Woody pear</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the inedible, woody, pear-
shaped fruit of several Australian proteaceous trees of the genus
<i>Xylomelum</i>; -- called also <i>wooden pear</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Woo"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>w&omacr;gere</i>.  See
<u>Woo</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>One who wooes; one who courts or
solicits in love; a suitor.</def>  "A thriving <i>wooer</i>."
<i>Gibber.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woof</hw> (w&oomac;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>oof</i>, AS.
<i>&omacr;wef</i>, <i>&omacr;web</i>, <i>&amacr;web</i>; <i>on</i>,
<i>an</i>, on + <i>wef</i>, <i>web</i>, fr. <i>wefan</i> to weave. The
initial <i>w</i> is due to the influence of E. <i>weave</i>.  See
<u>On</u>, <u>Weave</u>, and cf. <u>Abb</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The threads that cross the warp in a woven
fabric; the weft; the filling; the thread usually carried by the shuttle in
weaving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Texture; cloth; as, a pall of softest
<i>woof</i>.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woo"fell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
European blackbird.</def>  "The <i>woofell</i> near at hand that hath a
golden bill."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woof"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a close texture;
dense; as, a <i>woofy</i> cloud.</def>  <i>J. Baillie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woo`hoo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
sailfish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Woo"ing*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wooing manner;
enticingly; with persuasiveness.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wook"</hw> (w&omacr;k), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Wake</u>.
<def>Woke.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wool</hw> (w&oocr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wolle</i>,
<i>wulle</i>, AS. <i>wull</i>; akin to D. <i>wol</i>, OHG. <i>wolla</i>, G.
<i>wolle</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>ull</i>, Dan. <i>uld</i>, Goth, <i>wulla</i>,
Lith. <i>vilna</i>, Russ. <i>volna</i>, L. <i>vellus</i>, Skr.
<i>&umacr;r&nsdot;&amacr;</i> wool, <i>v&rsdot;</i> to cover. &radic;146,
287.  Cf. <u>Flannel</u>, <u>Velvet</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The soft and curled, or crisped, species of hair
which grows on sheep and some other animals, and which in fineness
sometimes approaches to fur; -- chiefly applied to the fleecy coat of the
sheep, which constitutes a most essential material of clothing in all cold
and temperate climates.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Wool</i> consists essentially of keratin.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Short, thick hair, especially when crisped or
curled.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wool</i> of bat and tongue of dog.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A sort of pubescence, or a
clothing of dense, curling hairs on the surface of certain
plants.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dead pulled wool</b></col>, <cd>wool pulled from a carcass.</cd>
-- <col><b>Mineral wool</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Mineral</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Philosopher's wool</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <cd>See <i>Zinc
oxide</i>, under <u>Zinc</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Pulled wool</b></col>,
<cd>wool pulled from a pelt, or undressed hide.</cd> -- <col><b>Slag
wool</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Mineral wool</i>, under <u>Mineral</u>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Wool ball</b></col>, <cd>a ball or mass of wool.</cd> --
<col><b>Wool burler</b></col>, <cd>one who removes little burs, knots, or
extraneous matter, from wool, or the surface of woolen cloth.</cd> --
<col><b>Wool comber</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One whose occupation
is to comb wool.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A machine for combing
wool.</cd> -- <col><b>Wool grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a kind of
bulrush (<i>Scirpus Eriophorum</i>) with numerous clustered woolly
spikes.</cd> -- <col><b>Wool scribbler</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Woolen
scribbler</i>, under <u>Woolen</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> --
<col><b>Wool sorter's disease</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a disease,
resembling malignant pustule, occurring among those who handle the wool of
goats and sheep.</cd> -- <col><b>Wool staple</b></col>, <cd>a city or town
where wool used to be brought to the king's staple for sale.</cd> [Eng.] --
<col><b>Wool stapler</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>One who deals in
wool.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>One who sorts wool according to its
staple, or its adaptation to different manufacturing purposes.</cd> --
<col><b>Wool winder</b></col>, <cd>a person employed to wind, or make up,
wool into bundles to be packed for sale.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Woold</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Woolded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Woolding</u>.] [D. <i>woelen</i>, be<i>woelen</i>; akin to G.
<i>wuhlen</i>, be<i>wuhlen</i>. &radic;146.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To wind,
or wrap; especially, to wind a rope round, as a mast or yard made of two or
more pieces, at the place where it has been fished or scarfed, in order to
strengthen it.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1664 !></p>

<p><hw>Woold"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A stick used to tighten the rope in woolding.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rope Making)</i> <def>One of the handles of the
top, formed by a wooden pin passing through it.  See 1st <u>Top</u>,
2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Woold"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The act of winding or wrapping anything with a
rope, as a mast.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A rope used for binding
masts and spars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wool"-dyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Dyed before being
made into cloth, in distinction from <i>piece-dyed</i>; ingrain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wooled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having (such) wool; as, a
fine-<i>wooled</i> sheep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wool"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wollen</i>; cf. AS.
<i>wyllen</i>.  See <u>Wool</u>.] [Written also <i>woollen</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Made of wool; consisting of wool; as,
<i>woolen</i> goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to wool or woolen cloths; as,
<i>woolen</i> manufactures; a <i>woolen</i> mill; a <i>woolen</i>
draper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Woolen scribbler</b></col>, <cd>a machine for combing or
preparing wool in thin, downy, translucent layers.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wool"en</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>woollen</i>.]
<def>Cloth made of wool; woollen goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wool`en*et"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thin, light fabric
of wool.</def>  [Written also <i>woollenet</i>, <i>woolenette</i>, and
<i>woollenette</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Woo"lert</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
barn owl.</def>  [Prov. Eng.] [Written also <i>oolert</i>, and
<i>owlerd</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Wool"fell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Wool</i> + <i>fell</i>
a skin.] <def>A skin with the wool; a skin from which the wool has not been
sheared or pulled.</def>  [Written also <i>woolfel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Wool"gath`er*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Indulging in a
vagrant or idle exercise of the imagination; roaming upon a fruitless
quest; idly fanciful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wool"gath`er*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Indulgence in idle
imagination; a foolish or useless pursuit or design.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His wits were a <i>woolgathering</i>, as they
say.</blockquote> <i>Burton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wool"grow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who raises
sheep for the production of wool.</def>  -- <wf>Wool"grow`ing</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wool"-hall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A trade market in
the woolen districts.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wool"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The buffel duck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wool"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being woolly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wool"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of wool; as, a <i>woolly</i> covering; a <i>woolly</i>
fleece.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Resembling wool; of the nature of wool.</def>
"My fleece of <i>woolly</i> hair."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Clothed with wool.</def>  "<i>Woolly</i>
breeders."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Clothed with a fine, curly
pubescence resembling wool.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Woolly bear</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the hairy larva
of several species of bombycid moths. The most common species in the United
States are the salt-marsh caterpillar (see under <u>Salt</u>), the black
and red woolly bear, or larva of the Isabella moth (see <i>Illust.</i>,
under <u>Isabella Moth</u>), and the yellow woolly bear, or larva of the
American ermine moth (<i>Spilosoma Virginica</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Woolly
butt</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an Australian tree (<i>Eucalyptus
longifolia</i>), so named because of its fibrous bark.</cd> --
<col><b>Woolly louse</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a plant louse
(<i>Schizoneura, or Erisoma, lanigera</i>) which is often very injurious to
the apple tree. It is covered with a dense coat of white filaments somewhat
resembling fine wool or cotton. In exists in two forms, one of which
infests the roots, the other the branches.  See <i>Illust.</i> under
<u>Blight</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Woolly macaco</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>,
<cd>the mongoose lemur.</cd> -- <col><b>Woolly maki</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a long-tailed lemur (<i>Indris laniger</i>) native
of Madagascar, having fur somewhat like wool; -- called also <i>avahi</i>,
and <i>woolly lemur</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Woolly monkey</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any South American monkey of the genus
<i>Lagothrix</i>, as the caparro.</cd> -- <col><b>Woolly
rhinoceros</b></col> <i>(Paleon.)</i>, <cd>an extinct rhinoceros
(<i>Rhinoceros tichorhinus</i>) which inhabited the arctic regions, and was
covered with a dense coat of woolly hair. It has been found frozen in the
ice of Siberia, with the flesh and hair well preserved.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wool"ly-head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A negro.</def>
[Low]</p>

<p><hw>Wool"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Woolmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who deals in wool.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wool"pack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pack or bag of wool
weighing two hundred and forty pounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wool"sack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sack or bag of
wool; specifically, the seat of the lord chancellor of England in the House
of Lords, being a large, square sack of wool resembling a divan in
form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wool"sey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Wool</u>.]
<def>Linsey-woolsey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wool"stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A heavy wooden
hammer for milling cloth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wool"ward</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [<i>Wool</i> + <i>-
ward</i>.] <def>In wool; with woolen raiment next the skin.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wool"ward-go`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wearing of
woolen clothes next the skin as a matter of penance.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Their . . . <i>woolward-going</i>, and rising at
midnight.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Dwelling.  See
<u>Wone</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Woo"ra*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Curare</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Woos"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Oozy; wet.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wootz</hw> (w&oomac;ts), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps a corruption
of Canarese <i>ukku</i> steel.] <def>A species of steel imported from the
East Indies, valued for making edge tools; Indian steel. It has in
combination a minute portion of alumina and silica.</def></p>

<p><hw>Woo"yen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Yuen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wo"pen</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Weep</u>.
<def>Wept.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wor"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Wormil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Word</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>word</i>; akin to
OFries. &amp; OS. <i>word</i>, D. <i>woord</i>, G. <i>wort</i>, Icel.
<i>or&eth;</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>ord</i>, Goth. <i>wa&uacute;rd</i>, OPruss.
<i>wirds</i>, Lith. <i>vardas</i> a name, L. <i>verbum</i> a word; or
perhaps to Gr. <grk>"rh`twr</grk> an orator.  Cf. <u>Verb</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The spoken sign of a conception or an idea; an
articulate or vocal sound, or a combination of articulate and vocal sounds,
uttered by the human voice, and by custom expressing an idea or ideas; a
single component part of human speech or language; a constituent part of a
sentence; a term; a vocable.</def>  "A glutton of <i>words</i>."  <i>Piers
Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>You cram these <i>words</i> into mine ears, against<BR>
The stomach of my sense.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Amongst men who confound their ideas with <i>words</i>,
there must be endless disputes.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the written or printed character, or
combination of characters, expressing such a term; as, the <i>words</i> on
a page.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Talk; discourse; speech;
language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should calamity be full of <i>words</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Be thy <i>words</i> severe;<BR>
Sharp as he merits, but the sword forbear.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Account; tidings; message; communication;
information; -- used only in the singular.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I pray you . . . bring me <i>word</i> thither<BR>
How the world goes.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Signal; order; command; direction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Give the <i>word</i> through.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Language considered as implying the faith or
authority of the person who utters it; statement; affirmation; declaration;
promise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Obey thy parents; keep thy <i>word</i> justly.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I know you brave, and take you at your
<i>word</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I desire not the reader should take my
<i>word</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Verbal contention; dispute.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>words</i> there grew 'twixt Somerset and
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>A brief remark or observation; an expression; a
phrase, clause, or short sentence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the law is fulfilled in one <i>word</i>, even in this;
Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.</blockquote> <i>Gal. v.
14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She said; but at the happy <i>word</i> "he lives,"<BR>
My father stooped, re-fathered, o'er my wound.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There is only one other point on which I offer a <i>word</i>
of remark.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><col><b>By word of mouth</b></col>, <cd>orally; by actual speaking.
</cd> <i>Boyle.</i> -- <col><b>Compound word</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Compound</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Good word</b></col>,
<cd>commendation; favorable account.</cd> "And gave the harmless fellow a
<i>good word</i>." <i>Pope.</i> -- <col><b>In a word</b></col>,
<cd>briefly; to sum up.</cd> -- <col><b>In word</b></col>, <cd>in
declaration; in profession.</cd>  "Let us not love <i>in word</i>, . . .
but in deed and in truth." <i>1 John iii. 8.</i> -- <col><b>Nuns of the
Word Incarnate</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>an order of nuns founded
in France in 1625, and approved in 1638. The order, which also exists in
the United States, was instituted for the purpose of doing honor to the
"Mystery of the Incarnation of the Son of God."</cd>  -- <col><b>The
word</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>The Word</b></col>. <i>(Theol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The gospel message; esp., the Scriptures, as a
revelation of God.</cd>  "Bold to speak <i>the word</i> without fear."
<i>Phil. i. 14.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The second person in the
Trinity before his manifestation in time by the incarnation; among those
who reject a Trinity of persons, some one or all of the divine attributes
personified.</cd> <i>John i. 1.</i> -- <col><b>To eat one's
words</b></col>, <cd>to retract what has been said.</cd> -- <col><b>To have
the words for</b></col>, <cd>to speak for; to act as spokesman.</cd>
[Obs.] "Our host <i>hadde the wordes for</i> us all." <i>Chaucer.</i> --
<col><b>Word blindness</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>inability to
understand printed or written words or symbols, although the person
affected may be able to see quite well, speak fluently, and write
correctly.</cd> <i>Landois &amp; Stirling.</i> -- <col><b>Word
deafness</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>inability to understand spoken
words, though the person affected may hear them and other sounds, and hence
is not deaf.</cd> -- <col><b>Word dumbness</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>,
<cd>inability to express ideas in verbal language, though the power of
speech is unimpaired.</cd> -- <col><b>Word for word</b></col>, <cd>in the
exact words; verbatim; literally; exactly; as, to repeat anything <i>word
for word</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Word painting</b></col>, <cd>the act of
describing an object fully and vividly by words only, so as to present it
clearly to the mind, as if in a picture.</cd> -- <col><b>Word
picture</b></col>, <cd>an accurate and vivid description, which presents an
object clearly to the mind, as if in a picture.</cd> -- <col><b>Word
square</b></col>, <cd>a series of words so arranged that they can be read
vertically and horizontally with like results.</cd></p>

<p><pre><tt><b><BR>
H E A R T<BR>
E M B E R<BR>
A B U S E<BR>
R E S I N<BR>
T R E N T</b><BR>
<BR>
(A word square)<BR>
</tt></pre></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>Term</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Word</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use words, as in
discussion; to argue; to dispute.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Word</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Worded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wording</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To express in words; to phrase.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The apology for the king is the same, but <i>worded</i> with
greater deference to that great prince.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To ply with words; also, to cause to be by the
use of a word or words.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To flatter with words; to cajole.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To word it</b></col>, <cd>to bandy words; to dispute.</cd>
[Obs.] "<i>To word it</i> with a shrew."  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Word"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D.
<i>woordenboek</i>, G. <i>w&ouml;rterbuch</i>.] <def>A collection of words;
a vocabulary; a dictionary; a lexicon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Word"-catch`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who cavils at
words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Word"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A speaker.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Withlock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Word"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wordy
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Word"i*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being wordy, or abounding with words; verboseness.</def>
<i>Jeffrey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Word"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or manner of
expressing in words; style of expression; phrasing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is believed this <i>wording</i> was above his known
style.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Word"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Respecting words; full of
words; wordy.</def>  [R.] <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i> -- <wf>Word"ish*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The truth they hide by their dark
<i>woordishness</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wor"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of several pivoted
pieces forming the throat of an adjustable die used in drawing wire, lead
pipe, etc.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Word"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not using words; not
speaking; silent; speechless.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Words"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who deals in
words, or in mere words; a verbalist.</def>  [R.] "Some speculative
<i>wordsman</i>."  <i>H. Bushnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Word"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Wordier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Wordiest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to words; consisting of words;
verbal; as, a <i>wordy</i> war.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Using many words; verbose; as, a <i>wordy</i>
speaker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Containing many words; full of words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We need not lavish hours in <i>wordy</i>
periods.</blockquote> <i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wore</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Wear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wore</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Ware</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work</hw> (w&ucirc;rk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>work</i>,
<i>werk</i>, <i>weorc</i>, AS. <i>weorc</i>, <i>worc</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>werk</i>, <i>wirk</i>, OS., D., &amp; G. <i>werk</i>, OHG. <i>werc</i>,
<i>werah</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>verk</i>, Dan. <i>v&aelig;rk</i>, Goth.
ga<i>wa&uacute;rki</i>, Gr. <grk>'e`rgon</grk>, &digamma;<grk>e`rgon</grk>,
work, <grk>"re`zein</grk> to do, <grk>'o`rganon</grk>  an instrument,
<grk>'o`rgia</grk> secret rites, Zend <i>verez</i> to work. &radic;145.
Cf. <u>Bulwark</u>, <u>Energy</u>, <u>Erg</u>, <u>Georgic</u>,
<u>Liturgy</u>, <u>Metallurgy</u>, <u>Organ</u>, <u>Orgy</u>,
<u>Surgeon</u>, <u>Wright</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Exertion of strength or faculties; physical or
intellectual effort directed to an end; industrial activity; toil;
employment; sometimes, specifically, physical labor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Man hath his daily <i>work</i> of body or mind<BR>
Appointed.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The matter on which one is at work; that upon
which one spends labor; material for working upon; subject of exertion; the
thing occupying one; business; duty; as, to take up one's <i>work</i>; to
drop one's <i>work</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come on, Nerissa; I have <i>work</i> in hand<BR>
That you yet know not of.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In every <i>work</i> that he began . . . he did it with all
his heart, and prospered.</blockquote> <i>2 Chron. xxxi. 21.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>That which is produced as the result of labor;
anything accomplished by exertion or toil; product; performance; fabric;
manufacture; in a more general sense, act, deed, service, effect, result,
achievement, feat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To leave no rubs or blotches in the
<i>work</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>work</i> some praise,<BR>
And some the architect.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Fancy . . . <BR>
Wild <i>work</i> produces oft, and most in dreams.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The composition or dissolution of mixed bodies . . . is the
chief <i>work</i> of elements.</blockquote> <i>Sir K. Digby.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That which is
produced by mental labor; a composition; a book; as, a <i>work</i>, or the
<i>works</i>, of Addison.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Flowers, figures,
or the like, wrought with the needle; embroidery.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am glad I have found this napkin; . . . <BR>
I'll have the <i>work</i> ta'en out,<BR>
And give 't Iago.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i> <def>Structures in civil, military, or
naval engineering, as docks, bridges, embankments, trenches,
fortifications, and the like; also, the structures and grounds of a
manufacturing establishment; as, iron <i>works</i>; locomotive
<i>works</i>; gas <i>works</i>.</def>  <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>pl.</i>
<def>The moving parts of a mechanism; as, the <i>works</i> of a
watch.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Manner of working; management; treatment; as,
unskillful <i>work</i> spoiled the effect.</def>  <i>Bp.
Stillingfleet.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The causing of motion against a
resisting force. The amount of work is proportioned to, and is measured by,
the product of the force into the amount of motion along the direction of
the force.  See <i>Conservation of energy</i>, under <u>Conservation</u>,
<i>Unit of work</i>, under <u>Unit</u>, also <u>Foot pound</u>, <u>Horse
power</u>, <u>Poundal</u>, and <u>Erg</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Energy is the capacity of doing <i>work</i> . . .
<i>Work</i> is the transference of energy from one system to
another.</blockquote> <i>Clerk Maxwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Ore before it is dressed.</def>
<i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <i>(Script.)</i> <def>Performance of moral
duties; righteous conduct.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He shall reward every man according to his
<i>works</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xvi. 27.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Faith, if it hath not <i>works</i>, is dead.</blockquote>
<i>James ii. 17.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Muscular work</b></col> <i>(Physiol.)</i>, <cd>the work done by
a muscle through the power of contraction.</cd> -- <col><b>To go to
work</b></col>, <cd>to begin laboring; to commence operations; to contrive;
to manage.</cd>  "I 'll <i>go</i> another way <i>to work</i> with him."
<i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>To set on work</b></col>, <cd>to cause to begin
laboring; to set to work.</cd> [Obs.] <i>Hooker.</i> -- <col><b>To set to
work</b></col>, <cd>to employ; to cause to engage in any business or
labor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Work</hw> (w&ucirc;rk), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Worked</u> (w&ucirc;rkt), or <u>Wrought</u> (r&add;t);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Working</u>.] [AS. <i>wyrcean</i>
(imp. <i>worthe</i>, <i>wrohte</i>, p. p. <i>geworht</i>, <i>gewroht</i>);
akin to OFries. <i>werka</i>, <i>wirka</i>, OS. <i>wirkian</i>, D.
<i>werken</i>, G. <i>wirken</i>, Icel. <i>verka</i>, <i>yrkja</i>,
<i>orka</i>, Goth. <i>wa&uacute;rkjan</i>. &radic;145.  See <u>Work</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To exert one's self for a purpose; to put forth
effort for the attainment of an object; to labor; to be engaged in the
performance of a task, a duty, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O thou good Kent, how shall I live and <i>work</i>,<BR>
To match thy goodness?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Go therefore now, and <i>work</i>; for there shall no straw
be given you.</blockquote> <i>Ex. v. 18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whether we <i>work</i> or play, or sleep or wake,<BR>
Our life doth pass.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, in a general sense, to operate; to act;
to perform; as, a machine <i>works</i> well.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We bend to that the <i>working</i> of the
heart.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, figuratively, to be effective; to have
effect or influence; to conduce.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We know that all things <i>work</i> together for good to
them that love God.</blockquote> <i>Rom. viii. 28.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This so <i>wrought</i> upon the child, that afterwards he
desired to be taught.</blockquote> <i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She marveled how she could ever have been <i>wrought</i>
upon to marry him.</blockquote> <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To carry on business; to be engaged or employed
customarily; to perform the part of a laborer; to labor; to toil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They that <i>work</i> in fine flax . . . shall be
confounded.</blockquote> <i>Isa. xix. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To be in a state of severe exertion, or as if in
such a state; to be tossed or agitated; to move heavily; to strain; to
labor; as, a ship <i>works</i> in a heavy sea.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Confused with <i>working</i> sands and rolling
waves.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To make one's way slowly and with difficulty; to
move or penetrate laboriously; to proceed with effort; -- with a following
preposition, as <i>down</i>, <i>out</i>, <i>into</i>, <i>up</i>,
<i>through</i>, and the like; as, scheme <i>works</i> out by degrees; to
<i>work</i> into the earth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Till body up to spirit <i>work</i>, in bounds<BR>
Proportioned to each kind.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To ferment, as a liquid.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>working</i> of beer when the barm is put
in.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>To act or operate on the stomach and bowels, as
a cathartic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Purges . . . <i>work</i> best, that is, cause the blood so
to do, . . . in warm weather or in a warm room.</blockquote>
<i>Grew.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1665 !></p>

<p><col><b>To work at</b></col>, <cd>to be engaged in or upon; to be
employed in.</cd> -- <col><b>To work to windward</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>,
<cd>to sail or ply against the wind; to tack to windward.</cd>  <i>Mar.
Dict.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Work</hw> (w&ucirc;rk), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To labor or operate upon; to give exertion and effort to; to prepare
for use, or to utilize, by labor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He could have told them of two or three gold mines, and a
silver mine, and given the reason why they forbare to <i>work</i> them at
that time.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To produce or form by labor; to bring forth by
exertion or toil; to accomplish; to originate; to effect; as, to
<i>work</i> wood or iron into a form desired, or into a utensil; to
<i>work</i> cotton or wool into cloth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each herb he knew, that <i>works</i> or good or
ill.</blockquote> <i>Harte.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To produce by slow degrees, or as if
laboriously; to bring gradually into any state by action or motion.</def>
"Sidelong he <i>works</i> his way."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So the pure, limpid stream, when foul with stains<BR>
Of rushing torrents and descending rains,<BR>
<i>Works</i> itself clear, and as it runs, refines,<BR>
Till by degrees the floating mirror shines.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To influence by acting upon; to prevail upon; to
manage; to lead.</def>  "<i>Work</i> your royal father to his ruin."
<i>Philips.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To form with a needle and thread or yarn;
especially, to embroider; as, to <i>work</i> muslin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To set in motion or action; to direct the action
of; to keep at work; to govern; to manage; as, to <i>work</i> a
machine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Knowledge in building and <i>working</i> ships.</blockquote>
<i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now, Marcus, thy virtue's the proof;<BR>
Put forth thy utmost strength, <i>work</i> every nerve.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The mariners all 'gan <i>work</i> the ropes,<BR>
Where they were wont to do.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>To cause to ferment, as liquor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To work a passage</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to pay for a
passage by doing work.</cd> -- <col><b>To work double tides</b></col>
<i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to perform the labor of three days in two; -- a phrase
which alludes to a practice of working by the night tide as well as by the
day.</cd> -- <col><b>To work in</b></col>, <cd>to insert, introduce,
mingle, or interweave by labor or skill.</cd> -- <col><b>To work
into</b></col>, <cd>to force, urge, or insinuate into; as, <i>to work</i>
one's self <i>into</i> favor or confidence.</cd> -- <col><b>To work
off</b></col>, <cd>to remove gradually, as by labor, or a gradual process;
as, beer <i>works off</i> impurities in fermenting.</cd> -- <col><b>To work
out</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To effect by labor and
exertion.</cd> "<i>Work out</i> your own salvation with fear and
trembling." <i>Phil. ii. 12.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To erase; to
efface.</cd> [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tears of joy for your returning spilt,<BR>
<i>Work out</i> and expiate our former guilt.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <cd>To solve, as a problem.</cd> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<cd>To exhaust, as a mine, by working.</cd> -- <col><b>To work
up</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>To raise; to excite; to stir up; as,
<i>to work up</i> the passions to rage.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The sun, that rolls his chariot o'er their heads,<BR>
<i>Works up</i> more fire and color in their cheeks.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>To expend in any work, as materials; as, they
have <i>worked up</i> all the stock.</cd> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <cd>To make over or into something else, as yarns drawn from
old rigging, made into spun yarn, foxes, sennit, and the like; also, to
keep constantly at work upon needless matters, as a crew in order to punish
them.</cd> <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Work"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
worked, or worth working; as, a <i>workable</i> mine; <i>workable</i>
clay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"a*day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Workyday</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"bag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bag for holding
implements or materials for work; especially, a reticule, or bag for
holding needlework, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"bas`ket</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A basket for
holding materials for needlework, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"bench`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bench on which
work is performed, as in a carpenter's shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A box for holding
instruments or materials for work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>weorcd&aelig;g</i>.] <def>A day on which work is performed, as
distinguished from Sunday, festivals, etc., a working day.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, works; a laborer; a performer; as, a <i>worker</i> in
brass.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Professors of holiness, but <i>workers</i> of
iniquity.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the neuter, or
sterile, individuals of the social ants, bees, and white ants. The workers
are generally females having the sexual organs imperfectly developed.  See
<u>Ant</u>, and <i>White ant</i>, under <u>White</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"fel`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One engaged in the
same work with another; a companion in work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"folk`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>People that
labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of work;
diligent.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Work"house`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Workhouses</b></plw> (#). [AS. <i>weorch&?;s</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A house where any manufacture is carried on; a
workshop.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A house in which idle and vicious persons are
confined to labor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A house where the town poor are maintained at
public expense, and provided with labor; a poorhouse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a &amp; n.</i></pos> from
<u>Work</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word must cousin be to the <i>working</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Working beam</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Beam</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> 10.</cd> -- <col><b>Working class</b></col>, <cd>the
class of people who are engaged in manual labor, or are dependent upon it
for support; laborers; operatives; -- chiefly used in the plural.</cd> --
<col><b>Working day</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Day</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd> -- <col><b>Working drawing</b></col>, <cd>a
drawing, as of the whole or part of a structure, machine, etc., made to a
scale, and intended to be followed by the workmen. Working drawings are
either <i>general</i> or <i>detail</i> drawings.</cd> -- <col><b>Working
house</b></col>, <cd>a house where work is performed; a workhouse.</cd> --
<col><b>Working point</b></col> <i>(Mach.)</i>, <cd>that part of a machine
at which the effect required; the point where the useful work is
done.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Work"ing-day</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
characteristic of, working days, or workdays; everyday; hence, plodding;
hard-working.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O, how full of briers in this <i>working-day</i>
world.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Work"ing*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Workingmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A laboring man; a man who earns
his daily support by manual labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Without
work; not laboring; as, many people were still <i>workless</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not carried out in practice; not exemplified in
fact; as, <i>workless</i> faith.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Sir T. More.</i></p>

<p><hw>Work"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Workmen</b></plw> (#). [AS. <i>weorcmann</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man employed in labor, whether in tillage or
manufactures; a worker.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, especially, a skillful artificer or
laborer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"man*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming a
workman, especially a skillful one; skillful; well performed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"man*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Becoming a skillful
workman; skillful; well performed; workmanlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"man*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a skillful manner;
in a manner becoming a skillful workman.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Work"man*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
art or skill of a workman; the execution or manner of making
anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Due reward<BR>
For her praiseworthy <i>workmanship</i> to yield.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Beauty is nature's brag, and must be shown . . . <BR>
Where most may wonder at the <i>workmanship</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is effected, made, or produced;
manufacture, something made by manual labor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not any skilled in <i>workmanship</i> embossed.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>By how much Adam exceeded all men in perfection, by being
the immediate <i>workmanship</i> of God.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Work"mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The performer of
any work; a master workman.</def>  [R.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Work"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any room or apartment
used especially for labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Workmanship.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Work"shop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shop where any
manufacture or handiwork is carried on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"ta`ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A table for holding
working materials and implements; esp., a small table with drawers and
other conveniences for needlework, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Workwomen</b></plw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
performs any work; especially, a woman skilled in needlework.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work"y*day`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Workday</u>,
<u>Workingday</u>.] <def>A week day or working day, as distinguished from
Sunday or a holiday. Also used adjectively.</def>  [Written also
<i>workiday</i>, and <i>workaday</i>.] [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Prithee, tell her but a <i>workyday</i>
fortune.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>World</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>world</i>,
<i>werld</i>, <i>weorld</i>, <i>weoreld</i>, AS. <i>weorold</i>,
<i>worold</i>; akin to OS. <i>werold</i>, D. <i>wereld</i>, OHG.
<i>weralt</i>, <i>worolt</i>, <i>werolt</i>, <i>werlt</i>, G. <i>welt</i>,
Icel. <i>ver&ouml;ld</i>, Sw. <i>verld</i>, Dan. <i>verden</i>; properly,
the age of man, lifetime, humanity; AS. <i>wer</i> a man + a word akin to
E. <i>old</i>; cf. AS. <i>yld</i> lifetime, age, <i>ylde</i> men, humanity.
Cf. <u>Werewolf</u>, <u>Old</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The earth and the surrounding heavens; the
creation; the system of created things; existent creation; the
universe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The invisible things of him from the creation of the
<i>world</i> are clearly seen.</blockquote> <i>Rom. 1. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>With desire to know,<BR>
What nearer might concern him, how this <i>world</i><BR>
Of heaven and earth conspicuous first began.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any planet or heavenly body, especially when
considered as inhabited, and as the scene of interests analogous with human
interests; as, a plurality of <i>worlds</i>.</def>  "Lord of the
<i>worlds</i> above."  <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Amongst innumerable stars, that shone<BR>
Star distant, but high-hand seemed other <i>worlds</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There may be other <i>worlds</i>, where the inhabitants have
never violated their allegiance to their almighty Sovereign.</blockquote>
<i>W. B. Sprague.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The earth and its inhabitants, with their
concerns; the sum of human affairs and interests.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That forbidden tree, whose mortal taste<BR>
Brought death into the <i>world</i>, and all our woe.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>In a more restricted sense, that part of the
earth and its concerns which is known to any one, or contemplated by any
one; a division of the globe, or of its inhabitants; human affairs as seen
from a certain position, or from a given point of view; also, state of
existence; scene of life and action; as, the Old <i>World</i>; the New
<i>World</i>; the religious <i>world</i>; the Catholic <i>world</i>; the
upper <i>world</i>; the future <i>world</i>; the heathen
<i>world</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of the greatest in the Christian <i>world</i><BR>
Shall be my surety.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Murmuring that now they must be put to make war beyond the
<i>world's</i> end -- for so they counted Britain.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The customs, practices, and interests of men;
general affairs of life; human society; public affairs and occupations; as,
a knowledge of the <i>world</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Happy is she that from the <i>world</i>
retires.</blockquote> <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If knowledge of the <i>world</i> makes man perfidious,<BR>
May Juba ever live in ignorance.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Individual experience of, or concern with, life;
course of life; sum of the affairs which affect the individual; as, to
begin the <i>world</i> with no property; to lose all, and begin the
<i>world</i> anew.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>The inhabitants of the earth; the human race;
people in general; the public; mankind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Since I do purpose to marry, I will think nothing to any
purpose that the <i>world</i> can say against it.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tell me, wench, how will the <i>world</i> repute me<BR>
For undertaking so unstaid a journey?</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn> <def>The earth and its affairs as distinguished from
heaven; concerns of this life as distinguished from those of the life to
come; the present existence and its interests; hence, secular affairs;
engrossment or absorption in the affairs of this life; worldly corruption;
the ungodly or wicked part of mankind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I pray not for the <i>world</i>, but for them which thou
hast given me; for they are thine.</blockquote> <i>John xvii. 9.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Love not the <i>world</i>, neither the things that are in
the <i>world</i>. If any man love the <i>world</i>, the love of the Father
is not in him. For all that is in the <i>world</i>, the lust of the flesh,
and the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, is not of the Father, but
is of the <i>world</i>.</blockquote> <i>1 John ii. 15, 16.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>9.</b></sn> <def>As an emblem of immensity, a great multitude or
quantity; a large number.</def>  "A <i>world</i> of men." <i>Chapman.</i>
"A <i>world</i> of blossoms for the bee."  <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor doth this wood lack <i>worlds</i> of
company.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>world</i> of woes dispatched in little
space.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><col><b>All . . . in the world</b></col>, <cd>all that exists; all that
is possible; as, <i>all</i> the precaution <i>in the world</i> would not
save him.</cd> -- <col><b>A world to see</b></col>, <cd>a wonder to see;
something admirable or surprising to see.</cd> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>O, you are novices; 't is a <i>world to see</i><BR>
How tame, when men and women are alone,<BR>
A meacock wretch can make the curstest shrew.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>For all the world</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>Precisely; exactly.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>For any
consideration.</cd> -- <col><b>Seven wonders of the world</b></col>.
<cd>See in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.</cd> -- <col><b>To go
to the world</b></col>, <cd>to be married.</cd> [Obs.] "Thus <i>goes</i>
every one <i>to the world</i> but I . . . ; I may sit in a corner and cry
heighho for a husband!" <i>Shak.</i> -- <col><b>World's end</b></col>,
<cd>the end, or most distant part, of the world; the remotest regions.</cd>
-- <col><b>World without end</b></col>, <cd>eternally; forever;
everlastingly; as if in a state of existence having no end.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Throughout all ages, <i>world without end</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Eph. iii. 21.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>World"li*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality of
being worldly; a predominant passion for obtaining the good things of this
life; covetousness; addictedness to gain and temporal enjoyments; worldly-
mindedness.</def></p>

<p><hw>World"ling</hw> (?), [<i>World</i> + <i>-ling</i>.] <def>A person
whose soul is set upon gaining temporal possessions; one devoted to this
world and its enjoyments.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A foutre for the world and <i>worldlings</i>
base.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If we consider the expectations of futurity, the
<i>worldling</i> gives up the argument.</blockquote> <i>Rogers.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And <i>worldlings</i> blot the temple's gold.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>World"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>woroldlic</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Relating to the world; human; common; as,
<i>worldly</i> maxims; <i>worldly</i> actions.</def> "I thus neglecting
<i>worldly</i> ends."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Many years it hath continued, standing by no other
<i>worldly</i> mean but that one only hand which erected it.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Pertaining to this world or life, in
contradistinction from the life to come; secular; temporal; devoted to this
life and its enjoyments; bent on gain; as, <i>worldly</i> pleasures,
affections, honor, lusts, men.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With his soul fled all my <i>worldly</i>
solace.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Lay, as opposed to <i>clerical</i>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>World"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With relation to this
life; in a worldly manner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Subverting <i>worldly</i> strong and <i>worldly</i> wise<BR>
By simply meek.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>World"ly-mind`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Devoted to
worldly interests; mindful of the affairs of the present life, and
forgetful of those of the future; loving and pursuing this world's goods,
to the exclusion of piety and attention to spiritual concerns.</def>  --
<wf>World"ly*mind`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>World"ly-wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wise in regard to
things of this world.</def>  <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><hw>World"-wide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Extended throughout
the world; as, <i>world-wide</i> fame.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Worm</hw> (w&ucirc;rm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>worm</i>,
<i>wurm</i>, AS. <i>wyrm</i>; akin to D. <i>worm</i>, OS. &amp; G. <i>wurm</i>,
Icel. <i>ormr</i>, Sw. &amp; Dan. <i>orm</i>, Goth. <i>wa&uacute;rms</i>, L.
<i>vermis</i>, Gr. &?; a wood worm.  Cf. <u>Vermicelli</u>,
<u>Vermilion</u>, <u>Vermin</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A creeping or a crawling animal of any kind or
size, as a serpent, caterpillar, snail, or the like.</def>  [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>There came a viper out of the heat, and leapt on his hand.
When the men of the country saw the <i>worm</i> hang on his hand, they
said, This man must needs be a murderer.</blockquote> <i>Tyndale (Acts
xxviii. 3, 4).</i></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is slander,<BR>
Whose edge is sharper than the sword, whose tongue<BR>
Outvenoms all the <i>worms</i> of Nile.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When Cerberus perceived us, the great <i>worm</i>,<BR>
His mouth he opened and displayed his tusks.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any small creeping animal or reptile, either
entirely without feet, or with very short ones, including a great variety
of animals; as, an earth<i>worm</i>; the blind<i>worm</i>.</def>
Specifically: <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any helminth; an
entozo&ouml;n.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any annelid.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An insect larva.</def>  <sd><i>(d)</i></sd>
<i>pl.</i> <def>Same as <u>Vermes</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>An internal tormentor; something that gnaws or
afflicts one's mind with remorse.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>worm</i> of conscience still begnaw thy
soul!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A being debased and despised.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I am a <i>worm</i>, and no man.</blockquote> <i>Ps. xxii.
6.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Anything spiral, vermiculated, or resembling a
worm</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The thread of a screw.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The threads of screws, when bigger than can be made in screw
plates, are called <i>worms</i>.</blockquote> <i>Moxon.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A spiral instrument or screw, often like a
double corkscrew, used for drawing balls from firearms.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A certain muscular band in the
tongue of some animals, as the dog; the lytta.  See <u>Lytta</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The condensing tube of a still, often curved and
wound to economize space.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Still</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A short revolving screw, the
threads of which drive, or are driven by, a worm wheel by gearing into its
teeth or cogs.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Worm gearing</i>, below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Worm abscess</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an abscess produced by
the irritation resulting from the lodgment of a worm in some part of the
body.</cd> -- <col><b>Worm fence</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Fence</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Worm gear</b></col>. <i>(Mach.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A worm wheel.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>Worm
gearing.</cd> -- <col><b>Worm gearing</b></col>, <cd>gearing consisting of
a worm and worm wheel working together.</cd> -- <col><b>Worm
grass</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>See <u>Pinkroot</u>,
2 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The white stonecrop
(<i>Sedum album</i>) reputed to have qualities as a vermifuge.</cd> <i>Dr.
Prior.</i> -- <col><b>Worm oil</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an anthelmintic
consisting of oil obtained from the seeds of <i>Chenopodium
anthelminticum</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Worm powder</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>an anthelmintic powder.</cd> -- <col><b>Worm snake</b></col>.
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>See <i>Thunder snake</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>, under
<u>Thunder</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Worm tea</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>an
anthelmintic tea or tisane.</cd> -- <col><b>Worm tincture</b></col>
<i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a tincture prepared from dried earthworms, oil of
tartar, spirit of wine, etc.</cd> [Obs.] -- <col><b>Worm wheel</b></col>,
<cd>a cogwheel having teeth formed to fit into the spiral spaces of a screw
called a <i>worm</i>, so that the wheel may be turned by, or may turn, the
worm; -- called also <i>worm gear</i>, and sometimes <i>tangent wheel</i>.
See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Worm gearing</i>, above.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1666 !></p>

<p><hw>Worm</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wormed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Worming</u>.] <def>To work slowly, gradually, and secretly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When debates and fretting jealousy<BR>
Did <i>worm</i> and work within you more and more,<BR>
Your color faded.</blockquote> <i>Herbert.</i></p>

<p><hw>Worm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
effect, remove, drive, draw, or the like, by slow and secret means; --
often followed by <i>out</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They find themselves <i>wormed</i> out of all
power.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They . . . <i>wormed</i> things out of me that I had no
desire to tell.</blockquote> <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To clean by means of a worm; to draw a wad or
cartridge from, as a firearm.  See <u>Worm</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> 5
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To cut the worm, or lytta, from under the tongue
of, as a dog, for the purpose of checking a disposition to gnaw. The
operation was formerly supposed to guard against canine madness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The men assisted the laird in his sporting parties,
<i>wormed</i> his dogs, and cut the ears of his terrier
puppies.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To wind rope, yarn, or other
material, spirally round, between the strands of, as a cable; to wind with
spun yarn, as a small rope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ropes . . . are generally <i>wormed</i> before they are
served.</blockquote> <i>Totten.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To worm one's self into</b></col>, <cd>to enter into gradually
by arts and insinuations; as, <i>to worm one's self into</i>
favor.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wor"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Wormil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Worm"-eat`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Eaten, or eaten into, by a worm or by worms; as, <i>worm-eaten</i>
timber.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Concave as a covered goblet, or a <i>worm-eaten</i>
nut.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worn-out; old; worthless.</def>  [R.]  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Worm"-eat`en*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]  <i>Dr. John
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wormed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Penetrated by worms;
injured by worms; worm-eaten; as, <i>wormed</i> timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Worm"hole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A burrow made by a
worm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wor"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Discovered or described by Olanus <i>Wormius</i>, a Danish
anatomist.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wormian bones</b></col>, <cd>small irregular plates of bone
often interposed in the sutures between the large cranial bones.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wor"mil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 1st <u>Warble</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any botfly larva which
burrows in or beneath the skin of domestic and wild animals, thus producing
sores. They belong to various species of <i>Hypoderma</i> and allied
genera. Domestic cattle are often infested by a large species.  See
<u>Gadfly</u>. Called also <i>warble</i>, and <i>worble</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>wormal</i>, <i>wormul</i>, and <i>wornil</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Far.)</i> <def>See 1st <u>Warble</u>, 1
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Worm"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little
worm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>O dusty <i>wormling</i>! dost thou strive and stand<BR>
With heaven's high monarch?</blockquote> <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Worm"seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one
of several plants, as <i>Artemisia santonica</i>, and <i>Chenopodium
anthelminticum</i>, whose seeds have the property of expelling worms from
the stomach and intestines.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wormseed mustard</b></col>, <cd>a slender, cruciferous plant
(<i>Erysinum cheiranthoides</i>) having small lanceolate leaves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Worm"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaped like a
worm; &?;hick and almost cylindrical, but variously curved or bent; as, a
<i>worm-shaped</i> root.</def></p>

<p><hw>Worm"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any species of Vermetus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wor"mul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Wornil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Worm"wood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>werm&?;d</i>, akin
to OHG. <i>wermuota</i>, <i>wormuota</i>, G. <i>wermuth</i>, <i>wermut</i>;
of uncertain origin.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A composite plant (<i>Artemisia
Absinthium</i>), having a bitter and slightly aromatic taste, formerly used
as a tonic and a vermifuge, and to protect woolen garments from moths. It
gives the peculiar flavor to the cordial called absinthe. The volatile oil
is a narcotic poison. The term is often extended to other species of the
same genus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything very bitter or grievous;
bitterness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest there should be among you a root that beareth gall and
<i>wormwood</i>.</blockquote> <i>Deut. xxix. 18.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Roman wormwood</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>an American weed
(<i>Ambrosia artemisi&aelig;folia</i>); hogweed.</cd> -- <col><b>Tree
wormwood</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a species of Artemisia (probably
<i>Artemisia variabilis</i>) with woody stems.</cd> -- <col><b>Wormwood
hare</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a variety of the common hare
(<i>Lepus timidus</i>); -- so named from its color.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Worm"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Wormier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Wormiest</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Containing a worm; abounding with worms.</def>
"<i>Wormy</i> beds."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Like or pertaining to a worm; earthy;
groveling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Worn</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Wear</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Worn land</b></col>, <cd>land that has become exhausted by
tillage, or which for any reason has lost its fertility.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wor"nil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Wormil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Worn"-out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Consumed, or rendered
useless, by wearing; as, <i>worn-out</i> garments.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wor"ral</hw> (?), <hw>Wor"rel</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An Egyptian fork-tongued lizard, about four feet
long when full grown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wor"ri*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
worries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wor"ri*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Worry</u>.]
<def>Trouble; anxiety; worry.</def>  [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wor"ri*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to worry or
fret; also, causing worry or annoyance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wor"rit</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To worry; to
annoy.</def>  [Illiterate]</p>

<p><hw>Wor"rit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Worry; anxiety.</def>
[Illiterate]</p>

<p><hw>Wor"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Worried</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Worrying</u>.] [OE. <i>worowen</i>, <i>wirien</i>, to strangle, AS.
<i>wyrgan</i> in <i>&amacr;wyrgan</i>; akin to D. <i>worgen</i>,
<i>wurgen</i>, to strangle, OHG. <i>wurgen</i>, G. <i>w&uuml;rgen</i>,
Lith. <i>verszti</i>, and perhaps to E. <i>wring</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To harass by pursuit and barking; to attack
repeatedly; also, to tear or mangle with the teeth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A hellhound that doth hunt us all to death;<BR>
That dog that had his teeth before his eyes,<BR>
To <i>worry</i> lambs and lap their gentle blood.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To harass or beset with importunity, or with
care an anxiety; to vex; to annoy; to torment; to tease; to fret; to
trouble; to plague.</def>  "A church <i>worried</i> with reformation."
<i>South.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Let them rail,<BR>
And <i>worry</i> one another at their pleasure.</blockquote>
<i>Rowe.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Worry</i> him out till he gives consent.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To harass with labor; to fatigue.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wor"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To feel or express
undue care and anxiety; to manifest disquietude or pain; to be fretful; to
chafe; as, the child <i>worries</i>; the horse <i>worries</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wor"ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Worries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A state of undue solicitude; a state
of disturbance from care and anxiety; vexation; anxiety; fret; as, to be in
a <i>worry</i>.</def>  "The whir and <i>worry</i> of spindle and of loom."
<i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wor"ry*ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a worrying
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Worse</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <pos><i>compar.</i></pos> of
<u>Bad</u>. [OE. <i>werse</i>, <i>worse</i>, <i>wurse</i>, AS.
<i>wiersa</i>, <i>wyrsa</i>, a comparative with no corresponding positive;
akin to OS. <i>wirsa</i>, OFries. <i>wirra</i>, OHG. <i>wirsiro</i>, Icel.
<i>verri</i>, Sw. <i>v&auml;rre</i>, Dan. <i>v&auml;rre</i>, Goth.
<i>wa&iacute;rsiza</i>, and probably to OHG. <i>werran</i> to bring into
confusion, E. <i>war</i>, and L. <i>verrere</i> to sweep, sweep along. As
<i>bad</i> has no comparative and superlative, <i>worse</i> and
<i>worst</i> are used in lieu of them, although etymologically they have no
relation to <i>bad</i>.] <def>Bad, ill, evil, or corrupt, in a greater
degree; more bad or evil; less good; specifically, in poorer health; more
sick; -- used both in a physical and moral sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Or <i>worse</i>, if men <i>worse</i> can
devise.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[She] was nothing bettered, but rather grew
<i>worse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mark v. 26.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Evil men and seducers shall wax <i>worse</i> and
<i>worse</i>.</blockquote> <i>2 Tim. iii. 13.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There are men who seem to believe they are not bad while
another can be found <i>worse</i>.</blockquote> <i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"But I love him." "Love him? <i>Worse</i> and
<i>worse</i>."</blockquote> <i>Gay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Worse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Loss;
disadvantage; defeat.</def>  "Judah was put to the <i>worse</i> before
Israel."  <i>Kings xiv. 12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which is worse; something less good; as,
think not the <i>worse</i> of him for his enterprise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Worse</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wiers</i>, <i>wyrs</i>;
akin to OS. &amp; OHG. <i>wirs</i>, Icel. <i>verr</i>, Goth,
<i>wa&iacute;rs</i>; a comparative adverb with no corresponding positive.
See <u>Worse</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>In a worse degree; in a manner
more evil or bad.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Now will we deal <i>worse</i> with thee than with
them.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xix. 9.</i></p>

<p><hw>Worse</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wursien</i>, AS.
<i>wyrsian</i> to become worse.] <def>To make worse; to put disadvantage;
to discomfit; to worst.  See <u>Worst</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Weapons more violent, when next we meet,<BR>
May serve to better us and <i>worse</i> our foes.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wors"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
make worse; to deteriorate; to impair.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is apparent that, in the particular point of which we
have been conversing, their condition is greatly
<i>worsened</i>.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To get the better of; to worst.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wors"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow or become
worse.</def>  <i>De Quincey.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Indifferent health, which seemed rather to <i>worsen</i>
than improve.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wors"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worse.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Thou dost deserve a <i>worser</i> end.</blockquote> <i>Beau.
& Fl.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From <i>worser</i> thoughts which make me do
amiss.</blockquote> <i>Bunyan.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A dreadful quiet felt, and, <i>worser</i> far<BR>
Than arms, a sullen interval of war.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This old and redundant form of the comparative occurs
occasionally in the best authors, although commonly accounted a vulgarism.
It has, at least, the analogy of <i>lesser</i> to sanction its issue.  See
<u>Lesser</u>. "The experience of man's <i>worser</i> nature, which
intercourse with ill-chosen associates, by choice or circumstance,
peculiarly teaches."  <i>Hallam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wor"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>worshipe</i>,
<i>wur&eth;scipe</i>, AS. <i>weor&eth;scipe</i>; <i>weor&eth;</i> worth +
<i>-scipe</i> -ship.  See <u>Worth</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, and <u>-
ship</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Excellence of character; dignity; worth;
worthiness.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A man of <i>worship</i> and honour.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Elfin, born of noble state,<BR>
And muckle <i>worship</i> in his native land.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Honor; respect; civil deference.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of which great worth and <i>worship</i> may be
won.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then shalt thou have <i>worship</i> in the presence of them
that sit at meat with thee.</blockquote> <i>Luke xiv. 10.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, a title of honor, used in addresses to
certain magistrates and others of rank or station.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My father desires your <i>worships'</i>
company.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The act of paying divine honors to the Supreme
Being; religious reverence and homage; adoration, or acts of reverence,
paid to God, or a being viewed as God.</def>  "God with idols in their
<i>worship</i> joined."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>worship</i> of God is an eminent part of religion,
and prayer is a chief part of religious <i>worship</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Tillotson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Obsequious or submissive respect; extravagant
admiration; adoration.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is your inky brows, your black silk hair,<BR>
Your bugle eyeballs, nor your cheek of cream,<BR>
That can my spirits to your <i>worship</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An object of worship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In attitude and aspect formed to be<BR>
At once the artist's <i>worship</i> and despair.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Devil worship</b></col>, <col><b>Fire worship</b></col>,
<col><b>Hero worship</b></col>, <cd>etc.  See under <u>Devil</u>,
<u>Fire</u>, <u>Hero</u>, etc.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wor"ship</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Worshiped</u> (?) or <u>Worshipped</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Worshiping</u> or <u>Worshipping</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To respect; to honor; to treat with civil
reverence.</def>  [Obsoles.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our grave . . . shall have a tongueless mouth,<BR>
Not <i>worshiped</i> with a waxen epitaph.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This holy image that is man God
<i>worshipeth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Foxe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To pay divine honors to; to reverence with
supreme respect and veneration; to perform religious exercises in honor of;
to adore; to venerate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>But God is to be <i>worshiped</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When all our fathers <i>worshiped</i> stocks and
stones.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To honor with extravagant love and extreme
submission, as a lover; to adore; to idolize.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>With bended knees I daily <i>worship</i> her.</blockquote>
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- To adore; revere; reverence; bow to; honor.</p>

<p><hw>Wor"ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform acts of
homage or adoration; esp., to perform religious service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our fathers <i>worshiped</i> in this mountain; and ye say
that in Jerusalem is the place where men ought to
<i>worship</i>.</blockquote> <i>John iv. 20.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Was it for this I have loved . . . and <i>worshiped</i> in
silence?</blockquote> <i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wor`ship*a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
of being worthy to be worshiped.</def>  [R.]  <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wor"ship*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
worshiped; worthy of worship.</def>  [R.]  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wor"ship*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who worships;
one who pays divine honors to any being or thing; one who adores.</def>
[Written also <i>worshipper</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Wor"ship*ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Entitled to
worship, reverence, or high respect; claiming respect; worthy of honor; --
often used as a term of respect, sometimes ironically.</def>  "This is
<i>worshipful</i> society."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[She is] so dear and <i>worshipful</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Wor"ship*ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Wor"ship*ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Worst</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> of
<u>Bad</u>. [OE. <i>werst</i>, <i>worste</i>, <i>wurste</i>, AS.
<i>wyrst</i>, <i>wierst</i>, <i>wierrest</i>.  See <u>Worse</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Bad, evil, or pernicious, in the highest degree,
whether in a physical or moral sense.  See <u>Worse</u>.</def>  "Heard so
oft in <i>worst</i> extremes."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote> I have a wife, the <i>worst</i> that may be.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If thou hadst not been born the <i>worst</i> of men,<BR>
Thou hadst been a knave and flatterer.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Worst</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which is most bad or
evil; the most severe, pernicious, calamitous, or wicked state or
degree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>worst</i> is not<BR>
So long as we can say, This is the <i>worst</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He is always sure of finding diversion when the <i>worst</i>
comes to the <i>worst</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Worst</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Worsted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Worsting</u>.] [See
<u>Worse</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To gain
advantage over, in contest or competition; to get the better of; to defeat;
to overthrow; to discomfit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . Philistines were <i>worsted</i> by the captivated
ark.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Worst</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To grow worse; to
deteriorate.</def>  [R.] "Every face . . . <i>worsting</i>."  <i>Jane
Austen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Worst"ed</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Worsted</i>,
now spelled <i>Worstead</i>, a town in Norfolk, England; for
<i>Worthstead</i>.  See <u>Worth</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and
<u>Stead</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Well-twisted yarn spun of long-staple wool which
has been combed to lay the fibers parallel, used for carpets, cloth,
hosiery, gloves, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fine and soft woolen yarn, untwisted or lightly
twisted, used in knitting and embroidery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wort</i>, <i>wurt</i>,
AS. <i>wyrt</i> herb, root; akin to OS. <i>wurt</i>, G. <i>wurz</i>, Icel.
<i>jurt</i>, <i>urt</i>, Dan. <i>urt</i>, Sw. <i>&ouml;rt</i>, Goth.
<i>wa&uacute;rts</i> a root, L. <i>radix</i>, Gr. &?; a root, &?; a branch,
young shoot, &?; a branch, and E. <i>root</i>, n.  Cf. <u>Licorice</u>,
<u>Orchard</u>, <u>Radish</u>, <u>Root</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Whortleberry</u>, <u>Wort</u> an infusion of malt.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant of any kind.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is now chiefly used in combination, as in
cole<i>wort</i>, fig<i>wort</i>, St. John's-<i>wort</i>, wound<i>wort</i>,
etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Cabbages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>worte</i>, <i>wurte</i>,
AS. <i>wyrte</i>; akin to OD. <i>wort</i>, G. <i>w&uuml;rze</i>,
bier<i>w&uuml;rze</i>, Icel. <i>virtr</i>, Sw. <i>v&ouml;rt</i>.  See
<u>Wort</u> an herb.] <def>An infusion of malt which is unfermented, or is
in the act of fermentation; the sweet infusion of malt, which ferments and
forms beer; hence, any similar liquid in a state of incipient
fermentation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Wort</i> consists essentially of a dilute solution of sugar,
which by fermentation produces alcohol and carbon dioxide.</p>

<p><hw>Worth</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>worthen</i>,
<i>wur&thorn;en</i>, to become, AS. <i>weor&eth;an</i>; akin to OS.
<i>wer&eth;an</i>, D. <i>worden</i>, G. <i>werden</i>, OHG. <i>werdan</i>,
Icel. <i>ver&eth;a</i>, Sw. <i>varda</i>, Goth. <i>wa&iacute;rpan</i>, L.
<i>vertere</i> to turn, Skr. <i>vr.t</i>, v. i., to turn, to roll, to
become. &radic;143.  Cf. <u>Verse</u>, -<u>ward</u>, <u>Weird</u>.] <def>To
be; to become; to betide; -- now used only in the phrases, woe <i>worth</i>
the day, woe <i>worth</i> the man, etc., in which the verb is in the
imperative, and the nouns <i>day</i>, <i>man</i>, etc., are in the dative.
Woe <i>be to</i> the day, woe <i>be to</i> the man, etc., are equivalent
phrases.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I counsel . . . to let the cat <i>worthe</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>worth</i> upon [got upon] his steed gray.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Worth</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>worth</i>,
<i>wur&thorn;</i>, AS. <i>weor&eth;</i>, <i>wurE</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>werth</i>, OS. <i>wer&eth;</i>, D. <i>waard</i>, OHG. <i>werd</i>, G.
<i>wert</i>, <i>werth</i>, Icel. <i>ver&eth;r</i>, Sw. <i>v&auml;rd</i>,
Dan. <i>v&aelig;rd</i>, Goth. <i>wa&iacute;rps</i>, and perhaps to E.
<i>wary</i>.  Cf. <u>Stalwart</u>, <u>Ware</u> an article of merchandise,
<u>Worship</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Valuable; of worthy; estimable; also, worth
while.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It was not <i>worth</i> to make it wise.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Equal in value to; furnishing an equivalent for;
proper to be exchanged for.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A ring he hath of mine <i>worth</i> forty
ducats.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>All our doings without charity are nothing
<i>worth</i>.</blockquote> <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If your arguments produce no conviction, they are
<i>worth</i> nothing to me.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Deserving of; -- in a good or bad sense, but
chiefly in a good sense.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To reign is <i>worth</i> ambition, though in
hell.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This is life indeed, life <i>worth</i>
preserving.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Having possessions equal to; having wealth or
estate to the value of.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At Geneva are merchants reckoned <i>worth</i> twenty hundred
crowns.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Worth while</b></col>, or <col><b>Worth the while</b></col>.
<cd>See under <u>While</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></cd>
</p>

<p><hw>Worth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>worth</i>,
<i>wur&thorn;</i>, AS. <i>weor&eth;</i>, <i>wur&eth;</i>; <i>weor&eth;</i>,
<i>wur&eth;</i>, adj.  See <u>Worth</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That quality of a thing which renders it
valuable or useful; sum of valuable qualities which render anything useful
and sought; value; hence, often, value as expressed in a standard, as
money; equivalent in exchange; price.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>What 's <i>worth</i> in anything<BR>
But so much money as 't will bring?</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Value in respect of moral or personal qualities;
excellence; virtue; eminence; desert; merit; usefulness; as, a man or
magistrate of great <i>worth</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To be of worth, and worthy estimation.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As none but she, who in that court did dwell,<BR>
Could know such worth, or worth describe so well.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>To think how modest worth neglected lies.</blockquote>
<i>Shenstone.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Desert; merit; excellence; price; rate.</p>

<p><! p. 1667 !></p>

<p><hw>Worth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of worth; worthy;
deserving.</def>  <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wor"thi*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a worthy manner;
excellently; deservedly; according to merit; justly; suitably;
becomingly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>worthily</i> succeed not only to the honors of your
ancestors, but also to their virtues.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some may very <i>worthily</i> deserve to be
hated.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wor"thi*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being worthy; desert; merit; excellence; dignity; virtue; worth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Who is sure he hath a soul, unless<BR>
It see, and judge, and follow <i>worthiness</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She is not worthy to be loved that hath not some feeling of
her own <i>worthiness.</i></blockquote> <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The prayers which our Savior made were for his own
<i>worthiness</i> accepted.</blockquote> <i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Worth"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>weor&eth;le&aacute;s</i>.] <def>Destitute of worth; having no value,
virtue, excellence, dignity, or the like; undeserving; valueless; useless;
vile; mean; as, a <i>worthless</i> garment; a <i>worthless</i> ship; a
<i>worthless</i> man or woman; a <i>worthless</i> magistrate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is a <i>worthless</i> world to win or lose.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Worth"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Worth"less*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wor"thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Worthier</u> (&?;); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Worthiest.</u>] [OE.
<i>worthi</i>, <i>wur&thorn;i</i>, from <i>worth</i>, <i>wur&thorn;</i>,
n.; cf. Icel. <i>ver&eth;ugr</i>, D. <i>waardig</i>, G. <i>w&uuml;rdig</i>,
OHG. <i>wird&imacr;g</i>.  See <u>Worth</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having worth or excellence; possessing merit;
valuable; deserving; estimable; excellent; virtuous.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Full <i>worthy</i> was he in his lordes war.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>These banished men that I have kept withal<BR>
Are men endued with <i>worthy</i> qualities.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Happier thou mayst be, <i>worthier</i> canst not
be.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>worthy</i> mind should <i>worthy</i> things
embrace.</blockquote> <i>Sir J. Davies.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having suitable, adapted, or equivalent
qualities or value; -- usually with <i>of</i> before the thing compared or
the object; more rarely, with a following infinitive instead of <i>of</i>,
or with <i>that</i>; as, <i>worthy</i> of, equal in excellence, value, or
dignity to; entitled to; meriting; -- usually in a good sense, but
sometimes in a bad one.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>No, Warwick, thou art <i>worthy</i> of the
sway.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The merciless Macdonwald,<BR>
<i>Worthy</i> to be a rebel.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Whose shoes I am not <i>worthy</i> to bear.</blockquote>
<i>Matt. iii. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And thou art <i>worthy</i> that thou shouldst not know<BR>
More happiness.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lodging is well <i>worthy</i> of the guest.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Of high station; of high social position.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Worthy</i> women of the town.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Worthiest of blood</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law of Descent)</i>,
<cd>most worthy of those of the same blood to succeed or inherit; --
applied to males, and expressive of the preference given them over
females.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wor"thy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Worthies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A man of eminent worth or value; one
distinguished for useful and estimable qualities; a person of conspicuous
desert; -- much used in the plural; as, the <i>worthies</i> of the church;
political <i>worthies</i>; military <i>worthies</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The blood of ancient <i>worthies</i> in his
veins.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wor"thy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render worthy; to
exalt into a hero.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wost</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>2d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Wit</u>, to know.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wot</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>1st &amp; 3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Wit</u>, to know.  See the <u>Note</u> under <u>Wit</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Brethren, I <i>wot</i> that through ignorance ye did
it.</blockquote> <i>Acts iii. 17.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wot"est</hw> (?), <hw>Wot"test</hw>, } <def><pos><i>2d pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Wit</u>, to know.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Wot"eth</hw> (?), <hw>Wot"teth</hw>, } <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing.
pres.</i></pos> of <u>Wit</u>, to know.</def>  [Obs.]  "He <i>wotteth</i>
neither what he babbleth, nor what he meaneth." <i>Tyndale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Woul</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To howl.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Would</hw> (?), <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Will</u>. [OE. &amp; AS.
<i>wolde</i>.  See <u>Will</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>Commonly used
as an auxiliary verb, either in the past tense or in the conditional or
optative present.  See 2d &amp; 3d <u>Will</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Would</i> was formerly used also as the past participle of
<u>Will</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Right as our Lord hath <i>would</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Would</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Weld</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Would"-be`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Desiring or
professing to be; vainly pretending to be; as, a <i>would-be</i>
poet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Would"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Emotion of desire;
inclination; velleity.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Would"ing*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Willingness;
desire.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Woulfe" bot`tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
kind of wash bottle with two or three necks; -- so called after the
inventor, Peter <i>Woulfe</i>, an English chemist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wound</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Wind</u>
to twist, and <u>Wind</u> to sound by blowing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wound</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wounde</i>,
<i>wunde</i>, AS. <i>wund</i>; akin to OFries. <i>wunde</i>, OS.
<i>wunda</i>, D. <i>wonde</i>, OHG. <i>wunta</i>, G. <i>wunde</i>, Icel.
<i>und</i>, and to AS., OS., &amp; G. <i>wund</i> sore, wounded, OHG.
<i>wunt</i>, Goth. <i>wunds</i>, and perhaps also to Goth. <i>winnan</i> to
suffer, E. <i>win</i>. &radic;140.  Cf. Zounds.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hurt or injury caused by violence;
specifically, a breach of the skin and flesh of an animal, or in the
substance of any creature or living thing; a cut, stab, rent, or the
like.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Showers of blood<BR>
Rained from the <i>wounds</i> of slaughtered Englishmen.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: An injury, hurt, damage, detriment, or the
like, to feeling, faculty, reputation, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Criminal Law)</i> <def>An injury to the person by
which the skin is divided, or its continuity broken; a lesion of the body,
involving some solution of continuity.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Walker condemns the pronunciation <i>woond</i> as a "capricious
novelty." It is certainly opposed to an important principle of our
language, namely, that the Old English long sound written <i>ou</i>, and
pronounced like French <i>ou</i> or modern English <i>oo</i>, has regularly
changed, when accented, into the diphthongal sound usually written with the
same letters <i>ou</i> in modern English, as in <i>ground</i>,
<i>hound</i>, <i>round</i>, <i>sound</i>. The use of <i>ou</i> in Old
English to represent the sound of modern English <i>oo</i> was borrowed
from the French, and replaced the older and Anglo-Saxon spelling with
<i>u</i>. It makes no difference whether the word was taken from the French
or not, provided it is old enough in English to have suffered this change
to what is now the common sound of <i>ou</i>; but words taken from the
French at a later time, or influenced by French, may have the French
sound.</p>

<p><col><b>Wound gall</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>an elongated
swollen or tuberous gall on the branches of the grapevine, caused by a
small reddish brown weevil (<i>Ampeloglypter sesostris</i>) whose
larv&aelig; inhabit the galls.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wound</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wounded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wounding</u>.] [AS. <i>wundian</i>. &radic;140.  See <u>Wound</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To hurt by violence; to produce a breach, or
separation of parts, in, as by a cut, stab, blow, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The archers hit him; and he was sore <i>wounded</i> of the
archers.</blockquote> <i>1 Sam. xxxi. 3.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To hurt the feelings of; to pain by disrespect,
ingratitude, or the like; to cause injury to.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When ye sin so against the brethren, and <i>wound</i> their
weak conscience, ye sin against Christ.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. viii.
12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wound"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being
wounded; vulnerable.</def>  [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wound"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that which,
wounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wound"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a woundy manner;
excessively; woundy.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wound"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from wound or
hurt; exempt from being wounded; invulnerable.</def>  "Knights whose
<i>woundless</i> armor rusts."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[Slander] may miss our name,<BR>
And hit the woundless air.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wound"wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
one of certain plants whose soft, downy leaves have been used for dressing
wounds, as the kidney vetch, and several species of the labiate genus
<i>Stachys</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wound"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Excessive.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such a world of holidays, that 't a <i>woundy</i> hindrance
to a poor man that lives by his labor.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wound"y</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Excessively;
extremely.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A am <i>woundy</i> cold.</blockquote> <i>Ford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wou"ra*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
Curare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wou"-wou`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its cry.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The agile, or silvery, gibbon; -- called also
camper.  See <u>Gibbon</u>.</def>  [Written also <i>wow-wow</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Wove</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. pr. &amp; rare vb. n.</i></pos> of
<u>Weave</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wov"en</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Weave</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Woven paper</b></col>, or <col><b>Wove paper</b></col>,
<cd>writing paper having an even, uniform surface, without
watermarks.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wowe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To woo.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wowf</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disordered or unsettled in
intellect; deranged.</def>  [Scot.]  <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wowke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Week.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wow"-wow"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Wou-wou</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wox</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Wax</u>.</def>
<i>Gower.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wox"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Wax</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thin, flying cloud; a
rack.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wrack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To rack; to torment.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wrack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wrak</i> wreck.  See
<u>Wreck</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Wreck; ruin; destruction.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i>  "A world devote to universal <i>wrack</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any marine vegetation cast up on the shore,
especially plants of the genera <i>Fucus</i>, <i>Laminaria</i>, and
<i>Zostera</i>, which are most abundant on northern shores.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Coarse seaweed of any
kind.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wrack grass</b></col>, or <col><b>Grass wrack</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>eelgrass.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wrack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wreck.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrack"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ruinous;
destructive.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wrain"-bolt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Wringbolt</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wraith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Scot. <i>wraith</i>,
<i>warth</i>; probably originally, a guardian angel, from Icel.
<i>v&ouml;r&eth;r</i> a warden, guardian, akin to E. <i>ward</i>.  See
<u>Ward</u> a guard.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An apparition of a person in his exact likeness,
seen before death, or a little after; hence, an apparition; a specter; a
vision; an unreal image.</def>  [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She was uncertain if it were the gypsy or her
<i>wraith</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O, hollow <i>wraith</i> of dying fame.</blockquote>
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Sometimes, improperly, a spirit thought to
preside over the waters; -- called also <i>water wraith</i>.</def>  <i>M.
G. Lewis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wran"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wrangled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wrangling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>wranglen</i> to wrestle.  See <u>Wrong</u>,
<u>Wring</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To argue; to debate; to dispute.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To dispute angrily; to quarrel peevishly and
noisily; to brawl; to altercate.</def>  "In spite of occasional
<i>wranglings</i>."  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>For a score of kingdoms you should
<i>wrangle</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He did not know what it was to <i>wrangle</i> on indifferent
points.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wran"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To involve in a quarrel
or dispute; to embroil.</def>  [R.]  <i>Bp. Sanderson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wran"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An angry dispute; a
noisy quarrel; a squabble; an altercation.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Altercation; bickering; brawl; jar; jangle; contest;
controversy.  See <u>Altercation</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Wran"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
angry disputant; one who disputes with heat or peevishness.</def>  "Noisy
and contentious <i>wranglers</i>." <i>I. Watts.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One of those who stand in the first rank of
honors in the University of Cambridge, England. They are called, according
to their rank, senior <i>wrangler</i>, second <i>wrangler</i>, third
<i>wrangler</i>, etc.  Cf. <u>Optime</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wran"gler*ship</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The honor or position
of being a wrangler at the University of Cambridge, England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wran"gle*some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Contentious;
quarrelsome.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wran"nock</hw> (?), <hw>Wran"ny</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common wren.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wrap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [A corrupt spelling of
<i>rap</i>.] <def>To snatch up; transport; -- chiefly used in the p. p.
<i>wrapt</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lo! where the stripling, <i>wrapt</i> in wonder,
roves.</blockquote> <i>Beattie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrap</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wrapped</u> (?) or <u>Wrapt</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wrapping</u>.] [OE. <i>wrappen</i>, probably akin to E. <i>warp</i>.
&radic;144.  Cf. <u>Warp</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To wind or fold together; to arrange in
folds.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then cometh Simon Peter, . . . and seeth . . . the napkin
that was about his head, not lying with the linen clothes, but
<i>wrapped</i> together in a place by itself.</blockquote> <i>John xx. 6,
7.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Like one that <i>wraps</i> the drapery of his couch<BR>
About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams.</blockquote>
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To cover by winding or folding; to envelop
completely; to involve; to infold; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I . . . <i>wrapt</i> in mist<BR>
Of midnight vapor, glide obscure.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To conceal by enveloping or infolding; to hide;
hence, to involve, as an effect or consequence; to be followed
by.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Wise poets that <i>wrap</i> truth in tales.</blockquote>
<i>Carew.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To be wrapped up in</b></col>, <cd>to be wholly engrossed in; to
be entirely dependent on; to be covered with.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>Leontine's young wife, <i>in</i> whom all his happiness was
<i>wrapped up</i>, died in a few days after the death of her
daughter.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Things reflected on in gross and transiently . . . are
thought <i>to be wrapped up in</i> impenetrable obscurity.</blockquote>
<i>Locke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wrapper; -- often used in the
plural for blankets, furs, shawls, etc., used in riding or
traveling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wrap"page</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of wrapping.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which wraps; envelope; covering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wrap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, wraps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That in which anything is wrapped, or inclosed;
envelope; covering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Specifically, a loose outer garment; an article
of dress intended to be wrapped round the person; as, a morning
<i>wrapper</i>; a gentleman's <i>wrapper</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wrap"ras`cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of coarse
upper coat, or overcoat, formerly worn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wrasse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [W. <i>gwrachen</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous edible, marine, spiny-finned
fishes of the genus <i>Labrus</i>, of which several species are found in
the Mediterranean and on the Atlantic coast of Europe. Many of the species
are bright-colored.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the European species are the ballan wrasse (<i>Labrus
maculatus</i>), the streaked wrasse (<i>L. lineatus</i>), the red wrasse
(<i>L. mixtus</i>), the comber wrasse (<i>L. comber</i>), the blue-striped,
or cook, wrasse (see <i>Peacock fish</i>, under <u>Peacock</u>), the
rainbow wrasse (<i>L. vulgaris</i>), and the seawife.</p>

<p><hw>Wras"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wrastlen</i>.
See <u>Wrestle</u>.] <def>To wrestle.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Colloq.
U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Who <i>wrastleth</i> best naked, with oil
enoint.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrath</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wrathe</i>,
<i>wra&thorn;&thorn;e</i>, <i>wrethe</i>, <i>wr&aelig;&eth;&eth;e</i>, AS.
<i>wr&aemacr;&eth;&eth;o</i>, fr. <i>wr&amacr;&eth;</i> wroth; akin to
Icel. <i>rei&eth;i</i> wrath.  See <u>Wroth</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Violent anger; vehement exasperation;
indignation; rage; fury; ire.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wrath</i> is a fire, and jealousy a weed.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When the <i>wrath</i> of king Ahasuerus was
appeased.</blockquote> <i>Esther ii. 1.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now smoking and frothing<BR>
Its tumult and <i>wrath</i> in.</blockquote> <i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The effects of anger or indignation; the just
punishment of an offense or a crime.</def>  "A revenger to execute
<i>wrath</i> upon him that doeth evil."  <i>Rom. xiii. 4.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Anger; fury; rage; ire; vengeance; indignation;
resentment; passion.  See <u>Anger</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Wrath</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Wroth</u>.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wrath</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To anger; to enrage; --
also used impersonally.</def>  [Obs.]  "I will not <i>wrathen</i> him."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If him <i>wratheth</i>, be ywar and his way
shun.</blockquote> <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrath"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Full of wrath; very angry; greatly incensed; ireful; passionate; as, a
wrathful man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Springing from, or expressing, wrath; as, a
wrathful countenance.</def>  "<i>Wrathful</i> passions." <i>Sprat.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Furious; raging; indignant; resentful.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Wrath"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Wrath"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wrath"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wrathy manner;
very angrily; wrathfully.</def>  [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wrath"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from anger or
wrath.</def>  <i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrath"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Very angry.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wraw</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. dial. Sw. <i>vr&aring;</i>
willful, disobedient.] <def>Angry; vexed; wrathful.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With this speech the cock wex wroth and
<i>wraw</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wraw"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Ill-tempered.</def>
[Obs.] <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan. <i>vraale</i>, Sw.
<i>vr&aring;la</i> to brawl, to roar, Dan. <i>vraal</i> a bawling, roaring,
<i>vr&aelig;le</i> to cry, weep, whine.] <def>To cry, as a cat; to
waul.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1668 !></p>

<p><hw>Wraw"ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Peevishness; ill
temper; anger.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wray</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wr&?;gan</i> to
accuse.  See <u>Bewray</u>.] <def>To reveal; to disclose.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To no wight thou shalt this counsel
<i>wray</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To reck; to care.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreak</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wreaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wreaking</u>.] [OE. <i>wrek&?;&?;</i> to revenge, punish, drive out, AS.
<i>wrecan</i>; akin to OFries. <i>wreka</i>, OS. <i>wrekan</i> to punish,
D. <i>wreken</i> to avenge, G. <i>r&auml;chen</i>, OHG. <i>rehhan</i>,
Icel. <i>reka</i> to drive, to take vengeance, Goth. <i>wrikan</i> to
persecute, Lith. <i>vargas</i> distress, <i>vargti</i> to suffer distress,
L. <i>urgere</i> to drive, urge, Gr. &?; to shut, Skr. &?; to turn away.
Cf. <u>Urge</u>, <u>Wreck</u>, <u>Wretch</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To revenge; to avenge.</def>  [Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>He should <i>wreake</i> him on his foes.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Another's wrongs to <i>wreak</i> upon thyself.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Come <i>wreak</i> his loss, whom bootless ye
complain.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To execute in vengeance or passion; to inflict;
to hurl or drive; as, to <i>wreak</i> vengeance on an enemy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On me let Death <i>wreak</i> all his rage.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Now was the time to be avenged on his old enemy, to
<i>wreak</i> a grudge of seventeen years.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But gather all thy powers,<BR>
And <i>wreak</i> them on the verse that thou dost weave.</blockquote>
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreak</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>wr&aelig;c</i> exile,
persecution, misery.  See <u>Wreak</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]
<def>Revenge; vengeance; furious passion; resentment.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Shak. Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreak"en</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Wreak</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wreak</u>.]
<def>Avenger.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The stork, the <i>wrekere</i> of avouterye
[adultery].</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreak"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Revengeful; angry;
furious.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Wreak"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wreak"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Unrevengeful; weak.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wreath</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Wreaths</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>wrethe</i>, AS.
<i>wr&aemacr;&eth;</i> a twisted band, fr. <i>wr&imacr;&eth;an</i> to
twist.  See <u>Writhe</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something twisted, intertwined, or curled; as, a
<i>wreath</i> of smoke; a <i>wreath</i> of flowers.</def>  "A <i>wrethe</i>
of gold."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] of his tortuous train<BR>
Curled many a wanton <i>wreath</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A garland; a chaplet, esp. one given to a
victor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Conquest doth grant<BR>
He dear <i>wreath</i> to the Grecian combatant.</blockquote>
<i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Far back in the ages,<BR>
The plow with <i>wreaths</i> was crowned.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>An appendage to the shield, placed
above it, and supporting the crest (see <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Crest</u>). It
generally represents a twist of two cords of silk, one tinctured like the
principal metal, the other like the principal color in the arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wreathe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Wreathed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Wreathed</u>;
<pos><i>Archaic</i></pos> <u>Wreathen</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Wreathing</u>.] [See <u>Wreath</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
[Written also <i>wreath</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cause to revolve or writhe; to twist about;
to turn.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>And from so heavy sight his head did
<i>wreathe</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To twist; to convolve; to wind one about
another; to entwine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The nods and smiles of recognition into which this singular
physiognomy was <i>wreathed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>From his slack hand the garland <i>wreathed</i> for Eve<BR>
Down dropped.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To surround with anything twisted or convolved;
to encircle; to infold.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each <i>wreathed</i> in the other's arms.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Dusk faces with withe silken turbants
<i>wreathed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And with thy winding ivy <i>wreathes</i> her
lance.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To twine or twist about; to surround; to
encircle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the flowers that <i>wreathe</i> the sparkling bowl,<BR>
Fell adders hiss.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreathe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be intewoven or
entwined; to twine together; as, a bower of <i>wreathing</i> trees.</def>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreath"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Twisted; made into a
wreath.</def>  "<i>Wreathen</i> work of pure gold."  <i>Ex. xxviii.
22.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreath"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Destitute of a
wreath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wreath"-shell`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A marine shell of the genus <i>Turbo</i>.  See <u>Turbo</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wreath"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wreathed; twisted;
curled; spiral; also, full of wreaths.</def>  "<i>Wreathy</i> spires, and
cochleary turnings about."  <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrec"che</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A wretch.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wrec"che</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wretched.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wreak.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See 2d &amp; 3d
<u>Wreak</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wreck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wrak</i>, AS.
<i>wr&aelig;c</i> exile, persecution, misery, from <i>wrecan</i> to drive
out, punish; akin to D. <i>wrak</i>, adj., damaged, brittle, n., a wreck,
<i>wraken</i> to reject, throw off, Icel. <i>rek</i> a thing drifted
ashore, Sw. <i>vrak</i> refuse, a wreck, Dan. <i>vrag</i>.  See
<u>Wreak</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, and cf. <u>Wrack</u> a marine
plant.] [Written also <i>wrack</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The destruction or injury of a vessel by being
cast on shore, or on rocks, or by being disabled or sunk by the force of
winds or waves; shipwreck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hard and obstinate<BR>
As is a rock amidst the raging floods,<BR>
'Gainst which a ship, of succor desolate,<BR>
Doth suffer <i>wreck</i>, both of herself and goods.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Destruction or injury of anything, especially by
violence; ruin; as, the <i>wreck</i> of a railroad train.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>wreck</i> of matter and the crush of
worlds.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Its intellectual life was thus able to go on amidst the
<i>wreck</i> of its political life.</blockquote> <i>J. R. Green.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The ruins of a ship stranded; a ship dashed
against rocks or land, and broken, or otherwise rendered useless, by
violence and fracture; as, they burned the <i>wreck</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>The remain of anything ruined or fatally
injured.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To the fair haven of my native home,<BR>
The <i>wreck</i> of what I was, fatigued I come.</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Goods, etc., which, after a
shipwreck, are cast upon the land by the sea.</def>  <i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wrecked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wrecking</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To destroy, disable, or seriously damage, as a
vessel, by driving it against the shore or on rocks, by causing it to
become unseaworthy, to founder, or the like; to shipwreck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Supposing that they saw the king's ship
<i>wrecked</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To bring wreck or ruin upon by any kind of
violence; to destroy, as a railroad train.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To involve in a wreck; hence, to cause to suffer
ruin; to balk of success, and bring disaster on.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Weak and envied, if they should conspire,<BR>
They <i>wreck</i> themselves.</blockquote> <i>Daniel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreck</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
suffer wreck or ruin.</def>  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To work upon a wreck, as in saving property or
lives, or in plundering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wreck"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of wrecking, or state of being wrecked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>That which has been wrecked; remains of a
wreck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wreck"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who causes a wreck, as by false lights, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who searches fro, or works upon, the wrecks
of vessels, etc. Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> One who visits a wreck
for the purpose of plunder. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> One who is employed in
saving property or lives from a wrecked vessel, or in saving the vessel;
as, the <i>wreckers</i> of Key West.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A vessel employed by wreckers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wreck"fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called because it
often comes in with <i>wreckage</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A stone
bass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wreck"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Causing wreck;
involving ruin; destructive.</def>  "By <i>wreckful</i> wind."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wreck"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Wreck</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Wrecking car</b></col> <i>(Railway)</i>, <cd>a car fitted up
with apparatus and implements for removing the wreck occasioned by an
accident, as by a collision.</cd> -- <col><b>Wrecking pump</b></col>, <cd>a
pump especially adapted for pumping water from the hull of a wrecked
vessel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wreck"-mas`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
appointed by law to take charge of goods, etc., thrown on shore after a
shipwreck.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wreke</hw> (r&emacr;k), <hw>Wreeke</hw>  }, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos> <def>See 2d <u>Wreak</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wren</hw> (r&ebreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wrenne</i>, AS.
<i>wrenna</i>, <i>wr&aelig;nna</i>, perhaps akin to <i>wr&aemacr;ne</i>
lascivious.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of small singing birds belonging to <i>Troglodytes</i> and numerous allied
of the family <i>Troglodytid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among the species best known are the house wren (<i>Troglodytes
a&euml;don</i>) common in both Europe and America, and the American winter
wren (<i>T. hiemalis</i>).  See also <i>Cactus wren</i>, <i>Marsh wren</i>,
and <i>Rock wren</i>, under <u>Cactus</u>, <u>Marsh</u>, and
<u>Rock</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous species
of small singing birds more or less resembling the true wrens in size and
habits.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Among these are several species of European warblers; as, the
reed wren (see <i>Reed warbler</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>, under <u>Reed</u>),
the sedge wren (see <i>Sedge warbler</i>, under <u>Sedge</u>), the willow
wren (see <i>Willow warbler</i>, under <u>Willow</u>), the golden-crested
wren, and the ruby-crowned wren (see <u>Kinglet</u>).</p>

<p><col><b>Ant wren</b></col>, <cd>any one of numerous South American birds
of the family <i>Formicarid&aelig;</i>, allied to the ant thrushes.</cd> --
<col><b>Blue wren</b></col>, <cd>a small Australian singing bird
(<i>Malurus cyaneus</i>), the male of which in the breeding season is
bright blue. Called also <i>superb warbler</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Emu
wren</b></col>. <cd>See in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Wren
babbler</b></col>, <cd>any one of numerous species of small timaline birds
belonging to <i>Alcippe</i>, <i>Stachyris</i>, <i>Timalia</i>, and several
allied genera. These birds are common in Southern Asia and the East
Indies.</cd> -- <col><b>Wren tit</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Ground wren</i>,
under <u>Ground</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wren warbler</b></col>, <cd>any one of
several species of small Asiatic and African singing birds belonging to
<i>Prinia</i> and allied genera. These birds are closely allied to the
tailor birds, and build their nests in a similar manner.  See also
<u>Pincpinc</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wrench</hw> (r&ebreve;nch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wrench</i>
deceit, AS. <i>wrenc</i> deceit, a twisting; akin to G. <i>rank</i>
intrigue, crookedness, <i>renken</i> to bend, twist, and E. <i>wring</i>.
&radic;144.  See <u>Wring</u>, and cf. <u>Ranch</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Trick; deceit; fraud; stratagem.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>His wily <i>wrenches</i> thou ne mayst not
flee.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A violent twist, or a pull with
twisting.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He wringeth them such a <i>wrench</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The injurious effect upon biographic literature of all such
<i>wrenches</i> to the truth, is diffused everywhere.</blockquote> <i>De
Quincey.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A sprain; an injury by twisting, as in a
joint.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Means; contrivance.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>An instrument, often a simple bar or lever with
jaws or an angular orifice either at the end or between the ends, for
exerting a twisting strain, as in turning bolts, nuts, screw taps, etc.; a
screw key. Many wrenches have adjustable jaws for grasping nuts, etc., of
different sizes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The system made up of a force and
a couple of forces in a plane perpendicular to that force. Any number of
forces acting at any points upon a rigid body may be compounded so as to be
equivalent to a wrench.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Carriage wrench</b></col>, <cd>a wrench adapted for removing or
tightening the nuts that confine the wheels on the axles, or for turning
the other nuts or bolts of a carriage or wagon.</cd> -- <col><b>Monkey
wrench</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Monkey</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wrench
hammer</b></col>, <cd>a wrench with the end shaped so as to admit of being
used as a hammer.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wrench</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wrenched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wrenching</u>.]
[OE. <i>wrenchen</i>, AS. <i>wrencan</i> to deceive, properly, to twist,
from <i>wrenc</i> guile, deceit, a twisting. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  See
<u>Wrench</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pull with a twist; to wrest, twist, or force
by violence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wrench</i> his sword from him.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Forthwith this frame of mine was <i>wrenched</i><BR>
With a woeful agony.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strain; to sprain; hence, to distort; to
pervert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You <i>wrenched</i> your foot against a stone.</blockquote>
<i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrest</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wrested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wresting</u>.] [OE. <i>wresten</i>, AS. <i>wr&?;stan</i>; akin to
<i>wr&?;&?;</i> a twisted band, and <i>wr&imacr;&?;n</i> to twist.  See
<u>Writhe</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To turn; to twist; esp., to twist or extort by
violence; to pull of force away by, or as if by, violent wringing or
twisting.</def>  "The secret <i>wrested</i> from me."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Our country's cause,<BR>
That drew our swords, now secret <i>wrests</i> them from our
hand.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>They instantly <i>wrested</i> the government out of the
hands of Hastings.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To turn from truth; to twist from its natural or
proper use or meaning by violence; to pervert; to distort.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wrest</i> once the law to your authority.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Thou shalt not <i>wrest</i> the judgment of thy
poor.</blockquote> <i>Ex. xxiii. 6.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Their arts of <i>wresting</i>, corrupting, and false
interpreting the holy text.</blockquote> <i>South.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To tune with a wrest, or key.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Wrest</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The act of
wresting; a wrench; a violent twist; hence, distortion; perversion.</def>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Active or moving power.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A key to tune a stringed instrument of
music.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The minstrel . . . wore round his neck a silver chain, by
which hung the <i>wrest</i>, or key, with which he tuned his
harp.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A partition in a water wheel, by which the form
of the buckets is determined.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wrest pin</b></col> <i>(Piano Manuf.)</i>, <cd>one of the pins
around which the ends of the wires are wound in a piano.</cd>
<i>Knight.</i> -- <col><b>Wrest plank</b></col> <i>(Piano Manuf.)</i>,
<cd>the part in which the wrest pins are inserted.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wrest"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
wrests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wres"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wrestled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wrestling</u> (?).] [OE. <i>wrestlen</i>, <i>wrastlen</i>, AS.
<i>wr&?;stlian</i>, freq. of <i>wr&?;stan</i> to wrest; akin to OD.
<i>wrastelen</i> to <i>wrestle</i>.  See <u>Wrest</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To contend, by grappling with, and striving to
trip or throw down, an opponent; as, they <i>wrestled</i>
skillfully.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To-morrow, sir, I <i>wrestle</i> for my credit, and he that
escapes me without some broken limb shall acquit him well.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Another, by a fall in <i>wrestling</i>, started the end of
the clavicle from the sternum.</blockquote> <i>Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to struggle; to strive earnestly; to
contend.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, <i>wrestle</i> with thy affections.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We <i>wrestle</i> not against flesh and blood.</blockquote>
<i>Eph. vi. 12.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Difficulties with which he had himself
<i>wrestled</i>.</blockquote> <i>M. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wres"tle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wrestle with; to seek
to throw down as in wrestling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wres"tle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A struggle between two
persons to see which will throw the other down; a bout at wrestling; a
wrestling match; a struggle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whom in a <i>wrestle</i> the giant catching aloft, with a
terrible hug broke three of his ribs.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wres"tler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>wr&aemacr;stlere</i>.] <def>One who wrestles; one who is skillful in
wrestling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wretch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wrecche</i>, AS.
<i>wrecca</i>, <i>wr&aelig;cca</i>, an exile, a wretch, fr. <i>wrecan</i>
to drive out, punish; properly, an exile, one driven out, akin to AS.
<i>wr&aelig;c</i> an exile, OS. <i>wrekkio</i> a stranger, OHG.
<i>reccheo</i> an exile.  See <u>Wreak</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A miserable person; one profoundly
unhappy.</def>  "The <i>wretch</i> that lies in woe."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Hovered thy spirit o'er thy sorrowing son,<BR>
<i>Wretch</i> even then, life's journey just begun?</blockquote>
<i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One sunk in vice or degradation; a base,
despicable person; a vile knave; as, a profligate <i>wretch</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Wretch</i> is sometimes used by way of slight or ironical pity
or contempt, and sometimes to express tenderness; as we say, <i>poor
thing</i>. "Poor <i>wretch</i> was never frighted so."  <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wretch"ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Very
miserable; sunk in, or accompanied by, deep affliction or distress, as from
want, anxiety, or grief; calamitous; woeful; very afflicting.</def>  "To
what <i>wretched</i> state reserved!"  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>O cruel! Death! to those you are more kind<BR>
Than to the <i>wretched</i> mortals left behind.</blockquote>
<i>Waller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Worthless; paltry; very poor or mean; miserable;
as, a <i>wretched</i> poem; a <i>wretched</i> cabin.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hatefully contemptible; despicable;
wicked.</def>  [Obs.] "<i>Wretched</i> ungratefulness."  <i>Sir P.
Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nero reigned after this Claudius, of all men
<i>wretchedest</i>, ready to all manner [of] vices.</blockquote>
<i>Capgrave.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wretch"ed*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wretched manner;
miserably; despicable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wretch"ed*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being wretched; utter misery.</def>  <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A wretched object; anything despicably.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Eat worms and such <i>wretchedness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wretch"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wretched.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wretch"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Reckless</u>.]
<def>Reckless; hence, disregarded.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Wretch"less*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [Obs.] -- <wf>Wretch"less*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Obs.]  <i>Bk. of Com. Prayer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your deaf ears should listen<BR>
Unto the <i>wretchless</i> clamors of the poor.</blockquote> <i>J.
Webster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrey</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Wray</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrie</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Wry</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrig</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To wriggle.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Skelton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrig"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wriggled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wriggling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>wrig</i>, probably from OE.
<i>wrikken</i> to move to and fro; cf. LG. <i>wriggeln</i>, D.
<i>wrikken</i>, Sw. <i>vricka</i>, Dan. <i>vrikke</i>.] <def>To move the
body to and fro with short, writhing motions, like a worm; to squirm; to
twist uneasily or quickly about.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Both he and successors would often <i>wriggle</i> in their
seats,<BR>
 as long as the cushion lasted.</blockquote> <i>Swift.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrig"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To move with short,
quick contortions; to move by twisting and squirming; like a
worm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Covetousness will <i>wriggle</i> itself out at a small
hole.</blockquote> <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wriggling</i> his body to recover<BR>
His seat, and cast his right leg over.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrig"gle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wriggling; frisky; pliant;
flexible.</def>  [Obs.] "Their <i>wriggle</i> tails."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1669 !></p>

<p><hw>Wrig"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, wriggles.</def>  <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wright</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wrighte</i>,
<i>writhe</i>, AS. <i>wyrtha</i>, fr. <i>wyrcean</i> to work. &radic;145.
See <u>Work</u>.] <def>One who is engaged in a mechanical or manufacturing
business; an artificer; a workman; a manufacturer; a mechanic; esp., a
worker in wood; -- now chiefly used in compounds, as in mill<i>wright</i>,
wheel<i>wright</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He was a well good <i>wright</i>, a carpenter.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wright"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare
alkaloid found in the bark of an East Indian apocynaceous tree (<i>Wrightia
antidysenterica</i>), and extracted as a bitter white crystalline
substance. It was formerly used as a remedy for diarrh&oelig;a. Called also
<i>conessine</i>, and <i>neriine</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wring</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wrung</u> (?), Obs. <u>Wringed</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wringing</u>.] [OE. <i>wringen</i>, AS. <i>wringan</i>;
akin to LG. &amp; D. <i>wringen</i>, OHG. <i>ringan</i> to struggle, G.
<i>ringen</i>, Sw. <i>vr&auml;nga</i> to distort, Dan. <i>vringle</i> to
twist.  Cf. <u>Wrangle</u>, <u>Wrench</u>, <u>Wrong</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To twist and compress; to turn and strain with
violence; to writhe; to squeeze hard; to pinch; as, to <i>wring</i> clothes
in washing.</def>  "Earnestly <i>wringing</i> Waverley's hand." <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i> "<i>Wring</i> him by the nose." <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[His steed] so sweat that men might him
<i>wring</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The king began to find where his shoe did <i>wring</i>
him.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The priest shall bring it [a dove] unto the altar, and
<i>wring</i> off his head.</blockquote> <i>Lev. i. 15.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to pain; to distress; to torment; to
torture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Too much grieved and <i>wrung</i> by an uneasy and strait
fortune.</blockquote> <i>Clarendon.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Didst thou taste but half the griefs<BR>
That <i>wring</i> my soul, thou couldst not talk thus coldly.</blockquote>
<i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To distort; to pervert; to wrest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>How dare men thus <i>wring</i> the Scriptures?</blockquote>
<i>Whitgift.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To extract or obtain by twisting and
compressing; to squeeze or press (out); hence, to extort; to draw forth by
violence, or against resistance or repugnance; -- usually with <i>out</i>
or <i>form</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Your overkindness doth <i>wring</i> tears from
me.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He rose up early on the morrow, and thrust the fleece
together, and <i>wringed</i> the dew out of the fleece.</blockquote>
<i>Judg. vi. 38.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To subject to extortion; to afflict, or oppress,
in order to enforce compliance.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>wring</i> the widow from her 'customed
right.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The merchant adventures have been often wronged and
<i>wringed</i> to the quick.</blockquote> <i>Hayward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To bend or strain out of its
position; as, to <i>wring</i> a mast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wring</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To writhe; to twist, as
with anguish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'T is all men's office to speak patience<BR>
To those that <i>wring</i> under the load of sorrow.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Look where the sister of the king of France<BR>
Sits <i>wringing</i> of her hands, and beats her breast.</blockquote>
<i>Marlowe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wring</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A writhing, as in anguish; a
twisting; a griping.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wring"bolt`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A
bolt used by shipwrights, to bend and secure the planks against the timbers
till they are fastened by bolts, spikes, or treenails; -- not to be
confounded with <i>ringbolt</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wring"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
who, or that which, wrings; hence, an extortioner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A machine for pressing water out of anything,
particularly from clothes after they have been washed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wring"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> from <u>Wring</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><col><b>Wringing machine</b></col>, <cd>a wringer.  See <u>Wringer</u>,
2.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wring"staff`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Wringstaves</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>A strong
piece of plank used in applying wringbolts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wrin"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A winkle.</def>
[Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Wrin"kle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wrinkil</i>, AS.
<i>wrincle</i>; akin to OD. <i>wrinckel</i>, and prob. to Dan.
<i>rynke</i>, Sw. <i>rynka</i>, Icel. <i>hrukka</i>, OHG. <i>runza</i>, G.
<i>runzel</i>, L. <i>ruga</i>. &?;&?;&?;&?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small ridge, prominence, or furrow formed by
the shrinking or contraction of any smooth substance; a corrugation; a
crease; a slight fold; as, <i>wrinkle</i> in the skin; a <i>wrinkle</i> in
cloth.</def> "The <i>wrinkles</i> in my brows."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Within I do not find <i>wrinkles</i> and used heart, but
unspent youth.</blockquote> <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>hence, any roughness; unevenness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not the least <i>wrinkle</i> to deform the sky.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> [Perhaps a different word, and a dim. AS.
<i>wrenc</i> a twisting, deceit.  Cf. <u>Wrench</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>A notion or fancy; a whim; as, to have a new <i>wrinkle</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Wrin"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wrinkled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wrinkling</u> (?).]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To contract into furrows and prominences; to
make a wrinkle or wrinkles in; to corrugate; as, <i>wrinkle</i> the skin or
the brow.</def>  "Sport that <i>wrinkled</i> Care derides."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>wrinkled</i> form in black and white
arrayed.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to make rough or uneven in any
way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A keen north wind that, blowing dry,<BR>
<i>Wrinkled</i> the face of deluge, as decayed.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then danced we on the <i>wrinkled</i> sand.</blockquote>
<i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To wrinkle at</b></col>, <cd>to sneer at.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Marston.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Wrin"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To shrink into furrows
and ridges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wrin"kly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of wrinkles;
having a tendency to be wrinkled; corrugated; puckered.</def>  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His old <i>wrinkly</i> face grew quite blown out at
last.</blockquote> <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wriste</i>,
<i>wrist</i>, AS. <i>wrist</i>; akin to OFries. <i>wriust</i>, LG.
<i>wrist</i>, G. <i>rist</i> wrist, instep, Icel. <i>rist</i> instep, Dan.
& Sw. <i>vrist</i>, and perhaps to E. <i>writhe</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The joint, or the region of the
joint, between the hand and the arm; the carpus.  See
<u>Carpus</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He took me by the <i>wrist</i>, and held me
hard.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A stud or pin which forms a
journal; -- also called <i>wrist pin</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Bridle wrist</b></col>, <cd>the wrist of the left hand, in which
a horseman holds the bridle.</cd> -- <col><b>Wrist clonus</b></col>. [NL.
<i>clonus</i>, fr. Gr. &?;.  See <u>Clonic</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <cd>A series
of quickly alternating movements of flexion and extension of the wrist,
produced in some cases of nervous disease by suddenly bending the hand back
upon the forearm.</cd> -- <col><b>Wrist drop</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>,
<cd>paralysis of the extensor muscles of the hand, affecting the hand so
that when an attempt is made to hold it out in line with the forearm with
the palm down, the hand drops. It is chiefly due to plumbism. Called also
<i>hand drop</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Wrist plate</b></col> <i>(Steam
Engine)</i>, <cd>a swinging plate bearing two or more wrists, for operating
the valves.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wrist"band</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The band of the
sleeve of a shirt, or other garment, which covers the wrist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wrist"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A covering for the
wrist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wrist"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An elastic band worn
around the wrist, as for the purpose of securing the upper part of a
glove.</def></p>

<p><hw>Writ</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>3d pers. sing. pres.</i></pos> of
<u>Write</u>, for <i>writeth</i>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Writ</hw>, archaic <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Write</u>.</def>  <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Writ</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>writ</i>, ge<i>writ</i>.
See <u>Write</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That which is written; writing; scripture; --
applied especially to the Scriptures, or the books of the Old and New
testaments; as, sacred <i>writ</i>.</def>  "Though in Holy <i>Writ</i> not
named."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then to his hands that <i>writ</i> he did betake,<BR>
Which he disclosing read, thus as the paper spake.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Babylon, so much spoken of in Holy <i>Writ</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Knolles.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>An instrument in writing, under
seal, in an epistolary form, issued from the proper authority, commanding
the performance or nonperformance of some act by the person to whom it is
directed; as, a <i>writ</i> of entry, of error, of execution, of
injunction, of mandamus, of return, of summons, and the like.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Writs</i> are usually witnessed, or <i>tested</i>, in the name
of the chief justice or principal judge of the court out of which they are
issued; and those directed to a sheriff, or other ministerial officer,
require him to <i>return</i> them on a day specified. In former English law
and practice, writs in civil cases were either <i>original</i> or
<i>judicial</i>; the former were issued out of the Court of Chancery, under
the great seal, for the summoning of a defendant to appear, and were
granted before the suit began and in order to begin the same; the latter
were issued out of the court where the original was returned, after the
suit was begun and during the pendency of it. <i>Tomlins</i>.
<i>Brande</i>. <i>Encyc</i>. <i>Brit</i>. The term <i>writ</i> is supposed
by Mr. Reeves to have been derived from the fact of these
<i>formul&aelig;</i> having always been expressed in <i>writing</i>, being,
in this respect, distinguished from the other proceedings in the ancient
action, which were conducted <i>orally</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Writ of account</b></col>, <col><b>Writ of capias</b></col>,
<cd>etc.  See under <u>Account</u>, <u>Capias</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Service of a writ</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Service</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Writ`a*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ability or
capacity to write.</def>  [R.]  <i>Walpole.</i></p>

<p><hw>Writ"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of, or
suitable for, being written down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Writ"a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to much
writing; -- correlative to <i>talkative</i>.</def>  [R.]  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Write</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Wrote</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Written</u> (?);
<pos><i>Archaic imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Writ</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Writing</u>.] [OE. <i>writen</i>, AS.
<i>wr&imacr;tan</i>; originally, to scratch, to score; akin to OS.
<i>wr&imacr;tan</i> to write, to tear, to wound, D. <i>rijten</i> to tear,
to rend, G. <i>reissen</i>, OHG. <i>r&imacr;zan</i>, Icel.
<i>r&imacr;ta</i> to write, Goth. <i>writs</i> a stroke, dash, letter.  Cf.
<u>Race</u> tribe, lineage.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To set down, as legible characters; to form the
conveyance of meaning; to inscribe on any material by a suitable
instrument; as, to <i>write</i> the characters called letters; to
<i>write</i> figures.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To set down for reading; to express in legible
or intelligible characters; to inscribe; as, to <i>write</i> a deed; to
<i>write</i> a bill of divorcement; hence, specifically, to set down in an
epistle; to communicate by letter.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Last night she enjoined me to <i>write</i> some lines to one
she loves.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I chose to <i>write</i> the thing I durst not speak<BR>
To her I loved.</blockquote> <i>Prior.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Hence, to compose or produce, as an
author.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I purpose to <i>write</i> the history of England from the
accession of King James the Second down to a time within the memory of men
still living.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To impress durably; to imprint; to engrave; as,
truth <i>written</i> on the heart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To make known by writing; to record; to prove by
one's own written testimony; -- often used reflexively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He who <i>writes</i> himself by his own inscription is like
an ill painter, who, by writing on a shapeless picture which he hath drawn,
is fain to tell passengers what shape it is, which else no man could
imagine.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To write to</b></col>, <cd>to communicate by a written document
to.</cd> -- <col><b>Written laws</b></col>, <cd>laws deriving their force
from express legislative enactment, as contradistinguished from
<i>unwritten</i>, or common, law.  See the Note under <u>Law</u>, and
<i>Common law</i>, under <u>Common</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></cd></p>

<p><hw>Write</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To form
characters, letters, or figures, as representative of sounds or ideas; to
express words and sentences by written signs.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>So it stead you, I will <i>write</i>,<BR>
Please you command.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To be regularly employed or occupied in writing,
copying, or accounting; to act as clerk or amanuensis; as, he <i>writes</i>
in one of the public offices.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To frame or combine ideas, and express them in
written words; to play the author; to recite or relate in books; to
compose.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They can <i>write</i> up to the dignity and character of the
authors.</blockquote> <i>Felton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To compose or send letters.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>wrote</i> for all the Jews that went out of his realm
up into Jewry concerning their freedom.</blockquote> <i>1 Esdras iv.
49.</i></p>

<p><hw>Writ"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>wr&imacr;tere</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who writes, or has written; a scribe; a
clerk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [came] that handle the pen of the
<i>writer</i>.</blockquote> <i>Judg. v. 14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My tongue is the pen of a ready <i>writer</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Ps. xlv. 1.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>One who is engaged in literary composition as a
profession; an author; as, a <i>writer</i> of novels.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This pitch, as ancient <i>writers</i> do report, doth
defile.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A clerk of a certain rank in the service of the
late East India Company, who, after serving a certain number of years,
became a factor.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Writer of the tallies</b></col> <i>(Eng. Law)</i>, an officer of
the exchequer of England, who acted as clerk to the auditor of the receipt,
and wrote the accounts upon the tallies from the tellers' bills. The use of
<i>tallies</i> in the exchequer has been abolished. <i>Wharton (Law.
Dict.)</i> -- <col><b>Writer's</b></col> <col><b>cramp, palsy, or
spasm</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a painful spasmodic affection of the
muscles of the fingers, brought on by excessive use, as in writing, violin
playing, telegraphing, etc. Called also <i>scrivener's palsy</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Writer to the signet</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Signet</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Writ"er*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The office of a
writer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Writhe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
<u>Writhed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <u>Writhed</u>, Obs. or Poetic
<u>Writhen</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Writhing</u>.]
[OE. <i>writhen</i>, AS. <i>wr&imacr;&?;an</i> to twist; akin to OHG.
<i>r&imacr;dan</i>, Icel. <i>r&imacr;&?;a</i>, Sw. <i>vrida</i>, Dan.
<i>vride</i>.  Cf. <u>Wreathe</u>, <u>Wrest</u>, <u>Wroth</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To twist; to turn; now, usually, to twist or
turn so as to distort; to wring.</def>  "With <i>writhing</i> [turning] of
a pin."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then Satan first knew pain,<BR>
And <i>writhed</i> him to and fro.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Her mouth she <i>writhed</i>, her forehead taught to
frown.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His battle-<i>writhen</i> arms, and mighty
hands.</blockquote> <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To wrest; to distort; to pervert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reason which he yieldeth showeth the least part of his
meaning to be that whereunto his words are <i>writhed</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Hooker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To extort; to wring; to wrest.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The nobility hesitated not to follow the example of their
sovereign in <i>writhing</i> money from them by every species of
oppression.</blockquote> <i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Writhe</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To twist or contort the
body; to be distorted; as, to <i>writhe</i> with agony. Also used
figuratively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After every attempt, he felt that he had failed, and
<i>writhed</i> with shame and vexation.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Writh"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a twisted
distorted from.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>writhen</i> staff his step unstable
guides.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wri"thle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Freq. of <i>writhe</i>.]
<def>To wrinkle.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Writ"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act or art of forming letters and characters on paper, wood, stone, or
other material, for the purpose of recording the ideas which characters and
words express, or of communicating them to others by visible
signs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Anything written or printed; anything expressed
in characters or letters</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any legal
instrument, as a deed, a receipt, a bond, an agreement, or the like.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any written composition; a pamphlet; a work; a
literary production; a book; as, the <i>writings</i> of Addison.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An inscription.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And Pilate wrote a title . . . And the <i>writing</i> was,
Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews.</blockquote> <i>John xix.
19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Handwriting; chirography.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Writing book</b></col>, <cd>a book for practice in
penmanship.</cd> -- <col><b>Writing desk</b></col>, <cd>a desk with a
sloping top for writing upon; also, a case containing writing materials,
and used in a similar manner.</cd> -- <col><b>Writing lark</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European yellow-hammer; -- so called from the
curious irregular lines on its eggs.</cd> [Prov. Eng.] -- <col><b>Writing
machine</b></col>. <cd>Same as <u>Typewriter</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Writing
master</b></col>, <cd>one who teaches the art of penmanship.</cd> --
<col><b>Writing obligatory</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a bond.</cd> --
<col><b>Writing paper</b></col>, <cd>paper intended for writing upon with
ink, usually finished with a smooth surface, and sized.</cd> --
<col><b>Writing school</b></col>, <cd>a school for instruction in
penmanship.</cd> -- <col><b>Writing table</b></col>, <cd>a table fitted or
used for writing upon.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Writ"ten</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Write</u>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Wriz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To wrinkle.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wro"ken</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Wreak</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrong</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Wring</u>.
Wrung.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrong</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wrong</i>,
<i>wrang</i>, a. &amp; n., AS. <i>wrang</i>, n.; originally, awry, wrung, fr.
<i>wringan</i> to wring; akin to D. <i>wrang</i> bitter, Dan. <i>vrang</i>
wrong, Sw. <i>vr&aring;ng</i>, Icel. <i>rangr</i> awry, wrong.  See
<u>Wring</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Twisted; wry; as, a <i>wrong</i> nose.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Wyclif (Lev. xxi. 19).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Not according to the laws of good morals,
whether divine or human; not suitable to the highest and best end; not
morally right; deviating from rectitude or duty; not just or equitable; not
true; not legal; as, a <i>wrong</i> practice; <i>wrong</i> ideas;
<i>wrong</i> inclinations and desires.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Not fit or suitable to an end or object; not
appropriate for an intended use; not according to rule; unsuitable;
improper; incorrect; as, to hold a book with the <i>wrong</i> end
uppermost; to take the <i>wrong</i> way.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have deceived you both; I have directed you to
<i>wrong</i> places.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Not according to truth; not conforming to fact
or intent; not right; mistaken; erroneous; as, a <i>wrong</i>
statement.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Designed to be worn or placed inward; as, the
<i>wrong</i> side of a garment or of a piece of cloth.</def></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Injurious; unjust; faulty; detrimental; incorrect;
erroneous; unfit; unsuitable.</p>

<p><hw>Wrong</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wrong manner; not
rightly; amiss; morally ill; erroneously; wrongly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ten censure <i>wrong</i> for one that writes
amiss.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrong</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wrang</i>.  See
<u>Wrong</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>That which is not right.</def>
Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Nonconformity or disobedience to
lawful authority, divine or human; deviation from duty; -- the opposite of
moral <i>right</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When I had <i>wrong</i> and she the right.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One spake much of right and <i>wrong</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Deviation or departure from truth or fact;
state of falsity; error; as, to be in the <i>wrong</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Whatever deviates from moral rectitude; usually,
an act that involves evil consequences, as one which inflicts injury on a
person; any injury done to, or received from; another; a trespass; a
violation of right.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Friend, I do thee no <i>wrong</i>.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xx.
18.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As the king of England can do no <i>wrong</i>, so neither
can he do right but in his courts and by his courts.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The obligation to redress a <i>wrong</i> is at least as
binding as that of paying a debt.</blockquote> <i>E. Evereth.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Wrongs, legally, are <i>private</i> or <i>public</i>.
<i>Private</i> wrongs are civil injuries, immediately affecting
individuals; <i>public</i> wrongs are crimes and misdemeanors which affect
the community.  <i>Blackstone.</i>
</p>

<p><! p. 1670 !></p>

<p><hw>Wrong</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Wronged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Wronging</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To treat with injustice; to deprive of some
right, or to withhold some act of justice from; to do undeserved harm to;
to deal unjustly with; to injure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He that sinneth . . . <i>wrongeth</i> his own
soul.</blockquote> <i>Prov. viii. 36.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To impute evil to unjustly; as, if you suppose
me capable of a base act, you <i>wrong</i> me.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I rather choose<BR>
To <i>wrong</i> the dead, to <i>wrong</i> myself and you,<BR>
Than I will <i>wrong</i> such honorable men.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrong"do`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who injures another, or who does wrong.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Law)</i> <def>One who commits a tort or trespass;
a trespasser; a tort feasor.</def>  <i>Ayliffe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrong"do`ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Evil or wicked behavior
or action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wrong"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who wrongs or
injures another.</def> <i>Shak.</i>  "<i>Wrongers</i> of the world."
<i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrong"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of wrong;
injurious; unjust; unfair; as, a <i>wrongful</i> taking of property;
<i>wrongful</i> dealing.</def> -- <wf>Wrong"ful*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Wrong"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wrong"head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person of a
perverse understanding or obstinate character.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Wrong"head`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wrongheaded.</def>  [R.]
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrong"head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wrong in opinion or
principle; having a perverse understanding; perverse.</def>  --
<wf>Wrong"head`ed*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Wrong"head`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrong"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not wrong; void or free
from wrong.</def> [Obs.] -- <wf>Wrong"less*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[Obs.]  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrong"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a wrong manner;
unjustly; erroneously; wrong; amiss; as, he judges <i>wrongly</i> of my
motives.</def>  "And yet wouldst <i>wrongly</i> win."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrong"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being wrong; wrongfulness; error; fault.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The best great <i>wrongnesses</i> within
themselves.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Butler.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rightness or <i>wrongness</i> of this view.</blockquote>
<i>Latham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wron"gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. OE. <i>wrongwis</i>.
See <u>Wrong</u>, and cf. <u>Righteous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Constituting, or of the nature of, a wrong;
unjust; wrongful.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Scots Law)</i> <def>Not right; illegal; as,
<i>wrongous</i> imprisonment.</def>  <i>Craig.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrong"-timed`</hw> (?; 115), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Done at an
improper time; ill-timed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wroot</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Write</u>.
Wrote.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrote</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wroten</i>.  See 1st
<u>Root</u>.] <def>To root with the snout.  See 1st <u>Root</u>.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrote</hw>, <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; archaic p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Write</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wroth</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wroth</i>, <i>wrap</i>,
AS. <i>wr&amacr;&eth;</i> wroth, crooked, bad; akin to
<i>wr&imacr;&eth;an</i> to writhe, and to OS. <i>wr&emacr;&eth;</i>angry,
D. <i>wreed</i> cruel, OHG. <i>reid</i> twisted, Icel. <i>rei&eth;r</i>
angry, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>vred</i>.  See <u>Writhe</u>, and cf. <u>Wrath</u>.]
<def>Full of wrath; angry; incensed; much exasperated; wrathful.</def>
"<i>Wroth</i> to see his kingdom fail."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Revel and truth as in a low degree,<BR>
They be full <i>wroth</i> [<i>i. e.</i>, at enmity] all day.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cain was very <i>wroth</i>, and his countenance
fell.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iv. 5.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrought</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Work</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Alas that I was <i>wrought</i> [created]!</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wrought</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Worked; elaborated; not
rough or crude.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Wrought iron</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Iron</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wrung</hw> (?), <def><pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Wring</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wry</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [AS. <i>wre&oacute;n</i>.]
<def>To cover.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Wrie</i> you in that mantle.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos>
<u>Wrier</u> (?); <pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Wriest</u>.] [Akin to OE.
<i>wrien</i> to twist, to bend, AS. <i>wrigian</i> to tend towards, to
drive.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Turned to one side; twisted; distorted; as, a
<i>wry</i> mouth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, deviating from the right direction;
misdirected; out of place; as, <i>wry</i> words.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not according to the <i>wry</i> rigor of our neighbors, who
never take up an old idea without some extravagance in its
application.</blockquote> <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Wrested; perverted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . puts a <i>wry</i> sense upon Protestant
writers.</blockquote> <i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Wry face</b></col>, <cd>a distortion of the countenance
indicating impatience, disgust, or discomfort; a grimace.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wry</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To twist;
to writhe; to bend or wind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To deviate from the right way; to go away or
astray; to turn side; to swerve.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This Phebus gan awayward for to <i>wryen</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>How many<BR>
Must murder wives much better than themselves<BR>
For <i>wrying</i> but a little!</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wry</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos>
<u>Wried</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Wrying</u>.] [OE.
<i>wrien</i>.  See <u>Wry</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>To twist; to
distort; to writhe; to wrest; to vex.</def>  <i>Sir P. Sidney.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Guests by hundreds, not one caring<BR>
If the dear host's neck were <i>wried</i>.</blockquote> <i>R.
Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wry"bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Crookbill</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wry"mouth`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of several species of large, elongated, marine fishes of the
genus <i>Cryptacanthodes</i>, especially <i>C. maculatus</i> of the
American coast. A whitish variety is called <i>ghostfish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wry"neck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A twisted or distorted neck; a deformity in
which the neck is drawn to one side by a rigid contraction of one of the
muscles of the neck; torticollis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species
of Old World birds of the genus <i>Jynx</i>, allied to the woodpeckers;
especially, the common European species (<i>J. torguilla</i>); -- so called
from its habit of turning the neck around in different directions. Called
also <i>cuckoo's mate</i>, <i>snakebird</i>, <i>summer bird</i>,
<i>tonguebird</i>, and <i>writheneck</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wry"necked`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a distorted
neck; having the deformity called <i>wryneck</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wry"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state of
being wry, or distorted.</def>  <i>W. Montagu.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wryth"en</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Writhe</u>.
<def>Writhen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wul"fen*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after F. X.
<i>Wulfen</i>, an Australian mineralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>Native lead
molybdate occurring in tetragonal crystals, usually tabular, and of a
bright orange-yellow to red, gray, or brown color; -- also called <i>yellow
lead ore</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wull</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>See 2d
<u>Will</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Pour out to all that <i>wull</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wung"-out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the sails set
in the manner called <i>wing-and-wing</i>.</def>  [Sailors' slang]</p>

<p><hw>Wur"ba*gool</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A fruit bat (<i>Pteropus medius</i>) native of India. It is similar to
the flying fox, but smaller.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wur"mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Wormil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wur"ra*luh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Australian white-quilled honey eater (<i>Entomyza
albipennis</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wust</hw> (?), <hw>Wuste</hw>  }, obs. <def><pos><i>imp.</i></pos>
of <u>Wit</u>.</def>  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wy`an*dots"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Wyandot</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Hurons</u>.</def>  [Written also <i>Wyandottes</i>, and
<i>Yendots</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Wych"-elm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>wiche</i> a kind
of elm, AS. <i>wice</i> a kind of tree.  Cf. <u>Wicker</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A species of elm (<i>Ulmus montana</i>) found in Northern and Western
Europe; Scotch elm.</def></p>

<p>&fist; By confusion this word is often written <i>witch-elm</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Wych"-ha`zel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
wych-elm; -- so called because its leaves are like those of the
hazel.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wyc"lif*ite</hw>, <hw>Wyc"liff*ite</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower of Wyclif, the English reformer; a
Lollard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wyd</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wide.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wye</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Wyes</b></plw> (&?;).</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The letter Y.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A kind of crotch.  See <u>Y</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wyke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Week.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wy"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
helmeted Australian cockatoo (<i>Calyptorhynchus funereus</i>); -- called
also <i>funeral cockatoo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wynd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wind</u> to turn.]
<def>A narrow lane or alley.</def>  [Scot.]  <i>Jamieson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The narrow <i>wynds</i>, or alleys, on each side of the
street.</blockquote> <i>Bryant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wyn"ker*nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European moor hen.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wynn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of timber truck, or
carriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wype</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wipe, or lapwing.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Wys</hw> (w&imacr;z), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wise.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wythe</hw> (w&imacr;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>.
<def>Same as <u>Withe</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wyte</hw> (w&imacr;t), <hw>Wy"ten</hw> (w&imacr;"t'n) }, obs.
<def><pos><i>pl. pres.</i></pos> of <u>Wit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wy"vern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Her.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Wiver</u>.</def></p>

<p><point26>X.</point26></p>

<p><hw>X</hw> (&ebreve;ks). <def>X, the twenty-fourth letter of the
English alphabet, has three sounds; a compound nonvocal sound (that of
<i>ks</i>), as in <i>wax</i>; a compound vocal sound (that of
<i>gz</i>), as in <i>example</i>; and, at the beginning of a word, a
simple vocal sound (that of <i>z</i>), as in <i>xanthic</i>.  See
<i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 217, 270, 271.</def></p>

<p> The form and value of X are from the Latin X, which is from the
Greek &CHI;, which in some Greek alphabets had the value of <i>ks</i>,
though in the one now in common use it represents an aspirated sound
of <i>k</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Xanth*am"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xanth</i>ic +
<i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An amido derivative of xanthic acid
obtained as a white crystalline substance,
C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O.CS.NH<sub>2</sub>; -- called also
<i>xanthogen amide</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan"thate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Xanthic</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of xanthic; a xanthogenate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xan`the*las"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr.
<grk>xanqo`s</grk> yellow + <grk>'e`lasma</grk> a metal plate.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <u>Xanthoma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan"thi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to <i>Xanthus</i>, an ancient town on Asia Minor; -- applied
especially to certain marbles found near that place, and now in the
British Museum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan"thic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>xanqo`s</grk>
yellow: cf. F. <i>xanthique</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Tending toward a yellow color, or to one of
those colors, green being excepted, in which yellow is a constituent,
as scarlet, orange, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Possessing, imparting, or producing a yellow color; as,
<i>xanthic</i> acid.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining
to xanthic acid, or its compounds; xanthogenic.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to xanthin.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Xanthic acid</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a heavy,
astringent, colorless oil, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O.CS.SH, having a
pungent odor. It is produced by leading carbon disulphide into a hot
alcoholic solution of potassium hydroxide. So called from the yellow
color of many of its salts. Called also <i>xanthogenic acid</i>.</cd>
-- <col><b>Xanthic colors</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>those colors
(of flowers) having some tinge of yellow; -- opposed to <i>cyanic
colors</i>.  See under <u>Cyanic</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Xan"thide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Xantho-</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound or derivative of xanthogen.</def>
[Archaic]</p>

<p><hw>||Xan*thid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Xanthidia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>xanqo`s</grk>
yellow.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of minute unicellular alg&aelig;
of the desmids. These alg&aelig; have a rounded shape and are armed
with glochidiate or branched aculei. Several species occur in ditches,
and others are found fossil in flint or hornstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan"thin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>xanqo`s</grk>
yellow.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline
nitrogenous body closely related to both uric acid and hypoxanthin,
present in muscle tissue, and occasionally found in the urine and in
some urinary calculi. It is also present in guano. So called from the
yellow color of certain of its salts (nitrates).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow insoluble coloring
matter extracted from yellow flowers; specifically, the coloring
matter of madder.</def>  [Formerly written also <i>xanthein</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of the gaseous or
volatile decomposition products of the xanthates, and probably
identical with carbon disulphide.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Xan"thi*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>xanqo`s</grk> yellow + qu<i>inine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
complex nitrogenous substance related to urea and uric acid, produced
as a white powder; -- so called because it forms yellow salts, and
because its solution forms a blue fluorescence like quinine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xan"thi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>xa`nqion</grk> a plant used for dyeing the hair yellow, said to
be the <i>Xanthium strumarium</i>, from <grk>xanqo`s</grk> yellow.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of composite plants in which the scales of
the involucre are united so as to form a kind of bur; cocklebur;
clotbur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan"tho-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>xanqo`s</grk> yellow; as in <i>xantho</i>cobaltic salts. Used
also adjectively in chemistry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan`tho*car"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Xantho-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having yellow
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xan*thoch"ro*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.  See
<u>Xanthochroic</u>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A division of the
Caucasian races, comprising the lighter-colored members.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Xanthochroi</i>, or fair whites, . . . are the
prevalent inhabitants of Northern Europe, and the type may be traced
into North Africa, and eastward as far as Hindostan.</blockquote>
<i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Xan`tho*chro"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Xantho-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>chro`a</grk> color.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Having a
yellowish or fair complexion; of or pertaining to the
Xanthochroi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan`tho*don"tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Xantho-</i>
+ Gr. <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>, tooth.] <def>Having
yellow teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan"tho*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xantho-</i> +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The hypothetical
radical supposed to be characteristic of xanthic acid.</def> [Archaic]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Persulphocyanogen.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Xan"tho*gen*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of xanthic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan`tho*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Xantho-
</u>, and <u>-gen</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Producing a yellow color
or compound; xanthic.  See <i>Xanthic acid</i>, under
<u>Xanthic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xan*tho"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.  See
<u>Xantho-</u>, and <u>-oma</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A skin disease
marked by the development or irregular yellowish patches upon the
skin, especially upon the eyelids; -- called also
<i>xanthelasma</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan"tho*phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xantho-</i> +
Gr. <grk>fai`nein</grk> to show.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The yellow
pigment present in the inner segments of the retina in animals.  See
<u>Chromophane</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan"tho*phyll</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xantho-</i> +
Gr. <grk>fy`llon</grk> leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A yellow coloring
matter found in yellow autumn leaves, and also produced artificially
from chlorophyll; -- formerly called also
<i>phylloxanthin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan"tho*pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Xantho-</i> +
Gr. <grk>poy`s</grk>, <grk>podo`s</grk>, foot.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Having a yellow stipe, or stem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan`tho*pro*te"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or derived from, xanthoprotein; showing
the characters of xanthoprotein; as, <i>xanthoproteic</i> acid; the
<i>xanthoproteic</i> reaction for albumin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan`tho*pro"te*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xantho-
</i> + <i>protein</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow acid
substance formed by the action of hot nitric acid on albuminous or
proteid matter. It is changed to a deep orange-yellow color by the
addition of ammonia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan`tho*puc"cine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xantho-</i>
+ <i>pucc</i>oon + <i>-ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of three
alkaloids found in the root of the yellow puccoon (<i>Hydrastis
Canadensis</i>). It is a yellow crystalline substance, and resembles
berberine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan`tho*rham"nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xantho-</i>
+ NL. <i>Rhamnus</i>, the generic name of the plant bearing Persian
berries.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside extracted from Persian
berries as a yellow crystalline powder, used as a dyestuff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan`tho*rhi"za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>xanqo`s</grk> yellow + <grk>"ri`za</grk> root.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of shrubby ranunculaceous plants of North America,
including only the species <i>Xanthorhiza apiifolia</i>, which has
roots of a deep yellow color; yellowroot. The bark is intensely
bitter, and is sometimes used as a tonic.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1671 !></p>

<p><hw>||Xan`tho*rh&oelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>xanqo`s</grk> yellow + <grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of endogenous plants, native to Australia,
having a thick, sometimes arborescent, stem, and long grasslike
leaves.  See <u>Grass tree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan"those</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
orange-yellow substance found in pigment spots of certain
crabs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xan*tho"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>xanqo`s</grk> yellow.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The yellow
discoloration often observed in cancerous tumors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan`tho*sper"mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Xantho-
</i> + Gr. <grk>spe`rma</grk> sperm.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having yellow
seeds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan"thous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>xanqo`s</grk> yellow.] <def>Yellow; specifically
<i>(Ethnol.)</i>, of or pertaining to those races of man which have
yellowish, red, auburn, or brown hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan*thox"y*lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Xanthoxylum</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon of the
terpene series extracted from the seeds of a Japanese prickly ash
(<i>Xanthoxylum pipertium</i>) as an aromatic oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xan*thox"y*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>xanqo`s</grk> yellow + <grk>xy`lon</grk> wood.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of prickly shrubs or small trees, the bark and rots of
which are of a deep yellow color; prickly ash.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The commonest species in the Northern United States is
<i>Xanthoxylum Americanum</i>.  See <i>Prickly ash</i>, under
<u>Prickly</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Xe"bec</hw> (z&emacr;"b&ebreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>jabegue</i>, formerly spelt <i>xabeque</i>, or Pg. <i>xabeco</i>;
both from Turk. <i>sumbeki</i> a kind of Asiatic ship; cf. Per.
<i>sumbuk</i>, Ar. <i>sumb&umacr;k</i> a small ship.] <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A small three-masted vessel, with projecting bow stern and convex
decks, used in the Mediterranean for transporting merchandise, etc. It
carries large square sails, or both. Xebecs were formerly armed and
used by corsairs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xeme</hw> (z&emacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An Arctic fork-tailed gull (<i>Xema Sabinii</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xen`e*la"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>xenhlasi`a</grk> expulsion of strangers.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i>
<def>A Spartan institution which prohibited strangers from residing in
Sparta without permission, its object probably being to preserve the
national simplicity of manners.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xe"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Xenia</b></plw> (#). [L., from Gr. <grk>xe`nion</grk> gift to
a guest, fr. <grk>xe`nos</grk> guest.] <i>(Class. Antiq.)</i> <def>A
present given to a guest or stranger, or to a foreign
ambassador.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xen`o*do*chi"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL., fr. L.
<i>xenodochium</i> a building for the reception of strangers, Gr. &?;
.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Class. Antiq.)</i> <def>A house for the
reception of strangers.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In the Middle
Ages, a room in a monastery for the reception and entertainment of
strangers and pilgrims, and for the relief of paupers. [Called also
<i>Xenodocheion</i>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Xe*nod"o*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<def>Reception of strangers; hospitality.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Xe*nog"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>xe`nos</grk> strange, foreign + &?; marriage.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Cross fertilization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xen`o*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>xe`nos</grk> a stranger + E. <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Heterogenesis</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The fancied production of an organism of one
kind by an organism of another.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Xen`o*ge*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to xenogenesis; as, the <i>xenogenetic</i>
origin of microzymes.</def>  <i>Huxley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Xen`o*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>xe`nos</grk> strange + E. <i>mania</i>.] <def>A mania for, or an
inordinate attachment to, foreign customs, institutions, manners,
fashions, etc.</def>  [R.]  <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Xen"o*mi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>xe`nos</grk> strange.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of
soft-rayed fresh-water fishes of which the blackfish of Alaska
(<i>Dallia pectoralis</i>) is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xe*nop`te*ryg"i*i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>xe`nos</grk> strange + &?;, dim. of &?; a wing.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A suborder of fishes including
<i>Gobiesox</i> and allied genera. These fishes have soft-rayed fins,
and a ventral sucker supported in front by the pectoral fins. They are
destitute of scales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xen"o*time</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; honoring
guests or strangers; <grk>xe`nos</grk> guest, stranger + &?; honor:
cf. G. <i>xenotim</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A native phosphate of
yttrium occurring in yellowish-brown tetragonal crystals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xe*nu"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>xe`nos</grk> strange + &?; tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
cabassou.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xen"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>xe`nos</grk>
strange + <i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The radical characteristic
of xenylic compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xe*nyl"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, designating, certain amido compounds
obtained by reducing certain nitro derivatives of diphenyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xer"a*phim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>xarafin</i>,
<i>xerafin</i>, fr. Ar. <i>ashraf&imacr;</i> noble, the name of a gold
coin.] <def>An old money of account in Bombay, equal to three fifths
of a rupee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xer"es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sherry.  See
<u>Sherry</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xer"if</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shereef.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xer"iff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Shereef</u>.]
<def>A gold coin formerly current in Egypt and Turkey, of the value of
about  9s. 6d., or about $2.30; -- also, in Morocco, a
ducat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xe`ro*der"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
dry + &?; skin.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Ichthyosis.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A skin disease
characterized by the presence of numerous small pigmented spots
resembling freckles, with which are subsequently mingled spots of
atrophied skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xe"ro*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of xeronic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xe*ron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dry +
citra<i>conic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or designating,
an acid, C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, related to fumaric
acid, and obtained from citraconic acid as an oily substance having a
bittersweet taste; -- so called from its tendency to form its
anhydride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xe*roph"a*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>xerophagia</i>, Gr. &?;; &?; dry + &?; to eat.] <def>Among the
primitive Christians, the living on a diet of dry food in Lent and on
other fasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xe*roph"i*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dry +
&?; to love.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Drought-loving; able withstand the
absence or lack of moisture.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Plants which are peculiarly adapted to dry climates are
termed by De Candolle <i>xerophilous</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Goodale.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Xe`roph*thal"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; dry + &?; the eye.  See <u>Ophthalmia</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An abnormal dryness of the eyeball produced usually by long-
continued inflammation and subsequent atrophy of the
conjunctiva.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xe`roph*thal"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Xerophthalmia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xiph"i*as</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a swordfish, a
sword-shaped comet, fr. Gr. <grk>xifi`as</grk>, fr. <grk>xi`fos</grk>
a sword.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of fishes
comprising the common swordfish.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
constellation Dorado.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A comet shaped
like a sword</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xi*phid"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
&?;, dim. of <grk>xi`fos</grk> sword.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of
plants of the order <i>H&aelig;modrace&aelig;</i>, having two-ranked,
sword-shaped leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xiph"i*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Xiphius</i> +
<i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
resembling, a cetacean of the genus Xiphius or family
<i>Xiphiid&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xiph"i*plas"tron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Xiphiplastra</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>xi`fos</grk> a
sword + <i>plastron</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>The posterior, or
fourth, lateral plate in the plastron of turtles; -- called also
<i>xiphisternum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xiph"i*ster"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Xiphisterna</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>xi`fos</grk> a
sword + <i>sternum</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
posterior segment, or extremity, of the sternum; -- sometimes called
<i>metasternum</i>, <i>ensiform cartilage</i>, <i>ensiform
process</i>, or <i>xiphoid process</i>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The xiphiplastron.</def>  -- <wf>Xiph"i*ster"nal</wf> (#)
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Xiph"i*us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>xi`fos</grk> a sword.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of
cetaceans having a long, pointed, bony beak, usually two tusklike
teeth in the lower jaw, but no teeth in the upper jaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xiph"o*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>xi`fos</grk> a sword + <grk>'odoy`s</grk>, <grk>'odo`ntos</grk>,
a tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct genus of artiodactylous
mammals found in the European Tertiary formations. It had slender
legs, didactylous feet, and small canine teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xiph"oid</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sword-
shaped; <grk>xi`fos</grk> a sword + &?; form, shape: cf. F.
<i>xiphoide</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Like a
sword; ensiform.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to
the xiphoid process; xiphoidian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xiph*oid"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Xiphoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xi*phoph"yl*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>xi`fos</grk> sword + &?; leaf.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having sword-
shaped leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xiph`o*su"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Xiphura</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xi*phu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from Gr.
<grk>xi`fos</grk> sword + &?; tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Limuloidea</u>. Called also <i>Xiphosura</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>X ray</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Ray</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Xy*lam"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xyl</i>ic +
<i>amide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An acid amide derivative of xylic
acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*lan"thrax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>xy`lon</grk> wood + &?; coal.] <def>Wood coal, or charcoal; -- so
called in distinction from <i>mineral coal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"late</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
salt of xylic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lem</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>xy`lon</grk>
wood.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>That portion of a fibrovascular bundle which
has developed, or will develop, into wood cells; -- distinguished from
<i>phlo&euml;m</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>xy`lon</grk>
wood.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any of a group of three metameric
hydrocarbons of the aromatic series, found in coal and wood tar, and
so named because found in crude wood spirit. They are colorless, oily,
inflammable liquids,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, being
dimethyl benzenes, and are called respectively <i>orthoxylene</i>,
<i>metaxylene</i>, and <i>paraxylene</i>. Called also
<i>xylol</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Each of these xylenes is the nucleus and prototype of a
distinct series of compounds.</p>

<p><hw>Xy"le*nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xylene</i> + <i>-
ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of six metameric phenol
derivatives of xylene, obtained as crystalline substances,
(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>.OH.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*let"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, a complex acid related to
mesitylenic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance by the
action of sodium and carbon dioxide on crude xylenol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or related to, xylene; specifically,
designating any one of several metameric acids produced by the partial
oxidation of mesitylene and pseudo-cumene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*lid"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or designating, either one of two distinct acids
which are derived from xylic acid and related compounds, and are
metameric with uvitic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"li*dine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any one of six metameric hydrocarbons,
(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>.NH<sub>2</sub>
, resembling aniline, and related to xylene. They are liquids, or
easily fusible crystalline substances, of which three are derived from
metaxylene, two from orthoxylene, and one from paraxylene. They are
called the <i>amido xylenes</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The xylidine of commerce, used in making certain dyes,
consists chiefly of the derivatives of paraxylene and metaxylene.</p>

<p><hw>Xy*lin"de*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A green or blue pigment produced by Peziza in certain kinds of
decayed wood, as the beech, oak, birch, etc., and extracted as an
amorphous powder resembling indigo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>xy`lon</grk>
wood.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A liquid hydrocarbon found in crude wood
spirits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"li*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
yellow oil having a geraniumlike odor, produced as a side product in
making phorone; -- called also <i>xylite oil</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lo-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>xy`lon</grk> wood; as in <i>xylo</i>gen,
<i>xylo</i>graph.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xy`lo*bal"sa*mum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>xy`lon</grk> wood + &?; the balsam tree, balsam; cf. L.
<i>xylobalsamum</i> balsam wood, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
dried twigs of a Syrian tree (<i>Balsamodendron Gileadense</i>).</def>
<i>U. S. Disp.</i></p>

<p><hw>Xy`lo*car"pous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Xylo-</i> +
Gr. <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Bearing fruit which
becomes hard or woody.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xy*loc"o*pa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
cutting wood; <grk>xy`lon</grk> wood + &?; to cut.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of hymenopterous insects including
the carpenter.  See <i>Carpenter bee</i>, under
<u>Carpenter</u>.</def>  -- <wf>Xy*loc"o*pine</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lo*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xylo-</i> + <i>-
gen</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Nascent wood; wood
cells in a forming state.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Lignin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xylo-</i> + <i>-
graph</i>.] <def>An engraving on wood, or the impression from such an
engraving; a print by xylography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*log"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices xylography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Xy`lo*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Xy`lo*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>xylographique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to xylography, or wood engraving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*log"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xylo-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>xylographie</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art of engraving on wood.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The art of making prints from the natural
grain of wood.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A method pf printing in colors upon wood
for purposes of house decoration.</def>  <i>Ure.</i></p>

<p><hw>Xy"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Xyl</i>o- + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Resembling wood; having the nature of wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*loid"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xyl</i>o- + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance resembling pyroxylin,
obtained by the action of nitric acid on starch; -- called also
<i>nitramidin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xyl</i>o- + L.
<i>ol</i>eum oil.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Xylene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lon*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Zylonite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xy*loph"a*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.  See
<u>Xylophagous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of marine
bivalves which bore holes in wood. They are allied to
Pholas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*loph"a*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Xylophagous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One
of a tribe of beetles whose larv&aelig; bore or live in wood.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any species of Xylophaga.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Any one of the Xylophagides.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xy`lo*phag"i*des</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Xylophagous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A tribe or family of
dipterous flies whose larv&aelig; live in decayed wood. Some of the
tropical species are very large.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*loph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; eating
wood; <grk>xy`lon</grk> wood + &?; to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Eating, boring in, or destroying, wood; --
said especially of certain insect larv&aelig;, crustaceans, and
mollusks.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of or pertaining to the
genus Xylophaga.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*loph"i*lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Xylophilous</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a tribe of
beetles (<i>Xylophili</i>) whose larv&aelig; live on decayed
wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*loph"i*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Xylo-</i> +
Gr. <grk>filei^n</grk> to love.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the xylophilans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lo*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xylo-</i> + Gr.
<grk>fwnh`</grk> sound.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument common among
the Russians, Poles, and Tartars, consisting of a series of strips of
wood or glass graduated in length to the musical scale, resting on
belts of straw, and struck with two small hammers. Called in Germany
<i>strohfiedel</i>, or <i>straw fiddle</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An instrument to determine the vibrative
properties of different kinds of wood.</def>  <i>Knight.</i></p>

<p><hw>Xy`lo*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Xylo-</i> +
<i>-plastic</i>.] <i>(Technol.)</i> <def>Formed of wood pulp by molds;
relating to casts made of wood pulp in molds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy`lo*py*rog"ra*phy</hw> (?). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xylo-
</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, fire + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The art or practice
of burning pictures on wood with a hot iron; -- called also <i>poker
painting</i>.  See <i>Poker picture</i>, under <u>Poker</u>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1672 !></p>

<p><hw>Xy`lo*qui"none</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xyl</i>ene +
<i>quinone</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of a group of quinone
compounds obtained respectively by the oxidation of certain xylidine
compounds. In general they are yellow crystalline
substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*lor"cin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xyl</i>ene +
<i>orcin</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A derivative of xylene obtained as
a white crystalline substance which on exposure in the air becomes
red; -- called also <i>betaorcin</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*los"te*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xylo-</i> + Gr.
&?; bone.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A glucoside found in the poisonous
berries of a species of honeysuckle (<i>Lonicera xylosteum</i>), and
extracted as a bitter, white, crystalline substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lo*tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Parkesine</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xy*lo"try*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>xy`lon</grk> wood + &?; to rub, wear out.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A genus of marine bivalves closely allied to Teredo, and equally
destructive to timber. One species (<i>Xylotrya fimbriata</i>) is very
common on the Atlantic coast of the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lyl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Xylo-</i> + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any one of three metameric radicals which
are characteristic respectively of the three xylenes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lyl*ene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Any one of three metameric radicals,
CH<sub>2</sub>.C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>.CH<sub>2</sub>, derived
respectively from the three xylenes. Often used adjectively; as,
<i>xylylene</i> alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xyr`i*da"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a natural order (<i>Xyride&aelig;</i>) of
endogenous plants, of which Xyris is the type.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Xy"ris</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind of Iris,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a razor.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of endogenous
herbs with grassy leaves and small yellow flowers in short, scaly-
bracted spikes; yellow-eyed grass. There are about seventeen species
in the Atlantic United States.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Xyst</hw> (?), <hw>||Xys"tus</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[L. <i>xystus</i>, Gr. &?;, from &?; to scrape, polish; -- so called
from its smooth and polished floor.] <i>(Anc. Arch.)</i> <def>A long
and open portico, for athletic exercises, as wrestling, running, etc.,
for use in winter or in stormy weather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xyst"arch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>xystarches</i>,
Gr. &?;, &?; a xyst + &?; to rule.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>An
office&?; having the superintendence of the xyst.</def>  <i>Dr. W.
Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Xys"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>xysth`r</grk> a scraper.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>An instrument for
scraping bones.</def></p>

<p><point26>Y.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Y</hw> (w&imacr;). <def>Y, the twenty-fifth letter of the
English alphabet, at the beginning of a word or syllable, except when
a prefix (see Y-), is usually a fricative vocal consonant; as a
prefix, and usually in the middle or at the end of a syllable, it is a
vowel.  See <i>Guide to Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 145, 178-9,
272.</def></p>

<p> It derives its form from the Latin Y, which is from the Greek
&UPSILON;, originally the same letter as V. Etymologically, it is most
nearly related to <i>u</i>, <i>i</i>, <i>o</i>, and <i>j</i>.
<i>g</i>; as in <i>full</i>, <i>fill</i>, AS. <i>fyllan</i>; E.
<i>crypt</i>, <i>grotto</i>; <i>young</i>, <i>juvenile</i>;
<i>day</i>, AS. <i>d&aelig;g</i>.  See <u>U</u>, <u>I</u>, and
<u>J</u>, <u>G</u>.</p>

<p>&fist; Y has been called the <i>Pythagorean letter</i>, because the
Greek letter &UPSILON; was taken represent the sacred triad, formed by
the duad proceeding from the monad; and also because it represents the
dividing of the paths of vice and virtue in the development of human
life.</p>

<p><hw>Y</hw> (w&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Y's</b></plw> (w&imacr;z) <i>or</i> <plw><b>Ys</b></plw>.
<def>Something shaped like the letter <universbold>Y</universbold>; a
forked piece resembling in form the letter
<universbold>Y</universbold>.</def>  Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One of the forked holders for supporting the telescope of a
leveling instrument, or the axis of a theodolite; a wye.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A forked or bifurcated pipe fitting.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A portion of track
consisting of two diverging tracks connected by a cross
track.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Y level</b></col> <i>(Surv.)</i>, <cd>an instrument for
measuring differences of level by means of a telescope resting in
<universbold>Y</universbold>'s.</cd> -- <col><b>Y moth</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a handsome European noctuid moth <i>Plusia
gamma</i>) which has a bright, silvery mark, shaped like the letter
<universbold>Y</universbold>, on each of the fore wings. Its larva,
which is green with five dorsal white species, feeds on the cabbage,
turnip, bean, etc. Called also <i>gamma moth</i>, and <i>silver
Y</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Y</hw> (&imacr;), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>I.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>King Horn. Wyclif.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Y-</hw> (?), or <hw>I-</hw>  }. [OE. <i>y-</i>, <i>i-</i>,
AS. <i>ge-</i>, akin to D. &amp; G. <i>ge-</i>, OHG. <i>gi-</i>, <i>ga-
</i>, Goth. <i>ga-</i>, and perhaps to Latin <i>con</i>-; originally
meaning, together.  Cf. <u>Com-</u>, <u>Aware</u>, <u>Enough</u>,
<u>Handiwork</u>, <u>Ywis</u>.] <def>A prefix of obscure meaning,
originally used with verbs, adverbs, adjectives, nouns, and pronouns.
In the Middle English period, it was little employed except with
verbs, being chiefly used with past participles, though occasionally
with the infinitive <i>Ycleped</i>, or <i>yclept</i>, is perhaps the
only word not entirely obsolete which shows this use.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That no wight mighte it see neither
<i>y</i>heere.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Neither to ben <i>y</i>buried nor
<i>y</i>brent.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Some examples of Chaucer's use of this prefix are;
<i>i</i>be, <i>i</i>been, <i>i</i>caught, <i>y</i>come, <i>y</i>do,
<i>i</i>doon, <i>y</i>go, <i>i</i>proved, <i>y</i>wrought. It
<i>i</i>nough, <i>e</i>nough, it is combined with an adjective. Other
examples are in the Vocabulary.</p>

<p>   Spenser and later writers frequently employed this prefix when
affecting an archaic style, and sometimes used it incorrectly.</p>

<p><hw>Ya</hw> (y&auml;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Yea.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yac"a*re`</hw> (y&abreve;k"&adot;*r&amacr;`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <i>Jacare</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
South American crocodilian (<i>Jacare sclerops</i>) resembling the
alligator in size and habits. The eye orbits are connected together,
and surrounded by prominent bony ridges. Called also <i>spectacled
alligator</i>, and <i>spectacled cayman</i>.</def>  [Written also
<i>jacare</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The name is also applied to allied species.</p>

<p><hw>Yac"ca</hw> (y&abreve;k"k&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A West Indian name for two large timber trees
(<i>Podocarpus coriaceus</i>, and <i>P. Purdicanus</i>) of the Yew
family. The wood, which is much used, is pale brownish with darker
streaks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yacht</hw> (y&obreve;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>jagt</i>,
<i>jacht</i>; perhaps properly, a chase, hunting, from. <i>jagen</i>
to chase, hunt, akin to G. <i>jagen</i>, OHG. <i>jag&omacr;n</i>, of
uncertain origin; or perhaps akin to OHG. <i>g&amacr;hi</i> quick,
sudden (cf. <u>Gay</u>).] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A light and elegantly
furnished vessel, used either for private parties of pleasure, or as a
vessel of state to convey distinguished persons from one place to
another; a seagoing vessel used only for pleasure trips, racing,
etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Yacht measurement</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under
<u>Tonnage</u>, 4.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Yacht</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To manage a yacht; to
voyage in a yacht.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yacht"er</hw> (-&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
engaged in sailing a jacht.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yacht"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Sailing for pleasure
in a yacht.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yacht"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Yachtsman</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yachts"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Yachtsmen</b></plw> (&?;). <def>One who owns or sails a yacht;
a yachter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yaf</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of <u>Give</u>. [AS.
<i>geaf</i>, imp. of <i>giefan</i> to give.  See <u>Give</u>]
<def>Gave.  See <u>Give</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yaf"fin*gale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Yaffle</u>,
and cf. <u>Nightingale</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
yaffle.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Yaf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably imitative of
its call or cry.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European green
woodpecker (<i>Picus, or Genius, viridis</i>). It is noted for its
loud laughlike note. Called also <i>eccle</i>, <i>hewhole</i>,
<i>highhoe</i>, <i>laughing bird</i>, <i>popinjay</i>, <i>rain
bird</i>, <i>yaffil</i>, <i>yaffler</i>, <i>yaffingale</i>,
<i>yappingale</i>, <i>yackel</i>, and <i>woodhack</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ya"ger</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>j&auml;ger</i> a hunter, from <i>jagen</i> to chase, hunt.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>In the German army, one belonging to a body of
light infantry armed with rifles, resembling the <i>chasseur</i> of
the French army.</def>  [Written also <i>jager</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Ya`gua*run"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Jaguarondi</u>.</def>  [Written
also <i>yaguarondi</i>, and <i>yagouarondi</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Yaj"ur-Ve"da</hw> (y&adot;j"&ucirc;r-v&amacr;`d&adot;
<i>or</i> -v&emacr;`d&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>yajur-
v&emacr;da</i>.] <def>See <u>Veda</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yak</hw> (y&abreve;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Thibetan
<i>gyag</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bovine mammal
(<i>Po&euml;phagus grunnies</i>) native of the high plains of Central
Asia. Its neck, the outer side of its legs, and its flanks, are
covered with long, flowing, fine hair. Its tail is long and bushy,
often white, and is valued as an ornament and for other purposes in
India and China. There are several domesticated varieties, some of
which lack the mane and the long hair on the flanks. Called also
<i>chauri gua</i>, <i>grunting cow</i>, <i>grunting ox</i>,
<i>sarlac</i>, <i>sarlik</i>, and <i>sarluc</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Yak lace</b></col>, <cd>a coarse pillow lace made from the
silky hair of the yak.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Yak"a*milk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Trumpeter</u>, 3 <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yak"a*re`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Yacare</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ya"kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large Asiatic antelope (<i>Budorcas taxicolor</i>) native of
the higher parts of the Himalayas and other lofty mountains. Its head
and neck resemble those of the ox, and its tail is like that of the
goat. Called also <i>budorcas</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ya*koots"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Yakoot</b></singw> (&?;).<def> <i>(Ethnol.)</i> A nomadic
Mongolian tribe native of Northern Siberia, and supposed to be of
Turkish stock. They are mainly pastoral in their habits.</def>
[Written also <i>Yakuts</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Yak"sha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.] <i>(Hindoo
Myth.)</i> <def>A kind of demigod attendant on Kuvera, the god of
wealth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ya"lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The oil of the mahwa
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yam</hw> (y&abreve;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>inhame</i>,
probably from some native name.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large, esculent,
farinaceous tuber of various climbing plants of the genus
<i>Dioscorea</i>; also, the plants themselves. Mostly natives of warm
climates. The plants have netted-veined, petioled leaves, and pods
with three broad wings. The commonest species is <i>D. sativa</i>, but
several others are cultivated.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Chinese yam</b></col>, <cd>a plant (<i>Dioscorea
Batatas</i>) with a long and slender tuber, hardier than most of the
other species.</cd> -- <col><b>Wild yam</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<cd>A common plant (<i>Dioscorea villosa</i>) of the Eastern United
States, having a hard and knotty rootstock.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<cd>An orchidaceous plant (<i>Gastrodia sesamoides</i>) of Australia
and Tasmania.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ya"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>yama</i> a
twin.] <i>(Hindoo Myth.)</i> <def>The king of the infernal regions,
corresponding to the Greek Pluto, and also the judge of departed
souls. In later times he is more exclusively considered the dire judge
of all, and the tormentor of the wicked. He is represented as of a
green color, with red garments, having a crown on his head, his eyes
inflamed, and sitting on a buffalo, with a club and noose in his
hands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yam"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Llama</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The llama.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yamp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
umbelliferous plant (<i>Carum Gairdneri</i>); also, its small fleshy
roots, which are eaten by the Indians from Idaho to
California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of imitative origin.]
<def>The cry of the wild goose; a honk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yang</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make the cry of the
wild goose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yank</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot. <i>yank</i> a
sudden and severe blow.] <def>A jerk or twitch.</def>  [Colloq. U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Yank</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Yanked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Yanking</u>.] <def>To twitch; to jerk.</def>  [Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Yank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An abbreviation of
<u>Yankee</u>.</def>  [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Yan"kee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Commonly considered to
be a corrupt pronunciation of the word <i>English</i>, or of the
French word <i>Anglais</i>, by the native Indians of America.
According to Thierry, a corruption of <i>Jankin</i>, a diminutive of
<i>John</i>, and a nickname given to the English colonists of
Connecticut by the Dutch settlers of New York. Dr. W. Gordon ("Hist.
of the Amer. War," ed, 1789, vol. i., pp. 324, 325) says it was a
favorite cant word in Cambridge, Mass., as early as 1713, and that it
meant <i>excellent</i>; as, a <i>yankee</i> good horse, <i>yankee</i>
good cider, etc.  Cf. Scot <i>yankie</i> a sharp, clever, and rather
bold woman, and Prov. E. bow-<i>yankees</i> a kind of leggins worn by
agricultural laborers.] <def>A nickname for a native or citizen of New
England, especially one descended from old New England stock; by
extension, an inhabitant of the Northern States as distinguished from
a Southerner; also, applied sometimes by foreigners to any inhabitant
of the United States.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From meanness first this Portsmouth <i>Yankey</i>
rose,<BR>
And still to meanness all his conduct flows.</blockquote>
<i>Oppression, A poem by an American (Boston, 1765).</i></p>

<p><hw>Yan"kee</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to a
Yankee; characteristic of the Yankees.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The alertness of the <i>Yankee</i> aspect.</blockquote>
<i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Yankee clover</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See <i>Japan
clover</i>, under <u>Japan</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Yan`kee-Doo"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The name of a tune adopted popularly as one of
the national airs of the United States.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Humorously, a Yankee.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We might have withheld our political noodles<BR>
From knocking their heads against hot <i>Yankee-
Doodles</i>.</blockquote> <i>Moore.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yan"kee*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Yankee idiom,
word, custom, or the like.</def>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Yaourt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. <i>yoghurt</i>.]
<def>A fermented drink, or milk beer, made by the Turks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Icel.
<i>gj&amacr;lpa</i>; akin to <i>yelp</i>.  Cf. <u>Yaup</u>.] <def>To
bark; to yelp.</def>  <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bark; a
yelp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ya"pock</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Probably from the
river <i>Oyapok</i>, between French Guiana and Brazil.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A South American aquatic opossum
(<i>Chironectes variegatus</i>) found in Guiana and Brazil. Its hind
feet are webbed, and its fore feet do not have an opposable thumb for
climbing. Called also <i>water opossum</i>.</def>  [Written also
<i>yapack</i>.]</p>

<p><! p. 1673 !></p>

<p><hw>Ya"pon</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Yaupon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yar"age</hw> (?; 48), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Yare</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The power of moving, or
being managed, at sea; -- said with reference to a ship.</def>  <i>Sir
T. North.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yerd</i>, AS.
<i>gierd</i>, <i>gyrd</i>, a rod, stick, a measure, a yard; akin to
OFries. <i>ierde</i>, OS. <i>gerda</i>, D. <i>garde</i>, G.
<i>gerte</i>, OHG. <i>gartia</i>, <i>gerta</i>, <i>gart</i>, Icel.
<i>gaddr</i> a goad, sting, Goth. <i>gazds</i>, and probably to L.
<i>hasta</i> a spear.  Cf. <u>Gad</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<u>Gird</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <u>Gride</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>, <u>Hastate</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A rod; a stick; a staff.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>P. Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If men smote it with a <i>yerde</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A branch; a twig.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The bitter frosts with the sleet and rain<BR>
Destroyed hath the green in every <i>yerd</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A long piece of timber, as a rafter,
etc.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A measure of length, equaling three feet,
or thirty-six inches, being the standard of English and American
measure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>The penis.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A long piece of timber,
nearly cylindrical, tapering toward the ends, and designed to support
and extend a square sail. A yard is usually hung by the center to the
mast.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Ship</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Golden Yard</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Yard and
Ell</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a popular name of the three stars
in the belt of Orion.</cd> -- <col><b>Under yard</b></col> [<i>i.
e.</i>, under the rod], <cd>under contract.</cd> [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yard</i>, <i>yerd</i>,
AS. <i>geard</i>; akin to OFries. <i>garda</i> garden, OS.
<i>gardo</i> garden, <i>gard</i> yard, D. <i>gaard</i> garden, G.
<i>garten</i>, OHG. <i>garto</i> garden, <i>gari</i> inclosure, Icel.
<i>gar&eth;r</i> yard, house, Sw. <i>g&aring;rd</i>, Dan.
<i>gaard</i>, Goth. <i>gards</i> a house, <i>garda</i> sheepfold, L.
<i>hortus</i> garden, Gr. <grk>cho`rtos</grk> an inclosure.  Cf.
<u>Court</u>, <u>Garden</u>, <u>Garth</u>, <u>Horticulture</u>,
<u>Orchard</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure; usually, a small inclosed
place in front of, or around, a house or barn; as, a court<i>yard</i>;
a cow<i>yard</i>; a barn<i>yard</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>yard</i> . . . inclosed all about with sticks<BR>
In which she had a cock, hight chanticleer.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>An inclosure within which any work or
business is carried on; as, a dock<i>yard</i>; a
ship<i>yard</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Liberty of the yard</b></col>, <cd>a liberty, granted to
persons imprisoned for debt, of walking in the yard, or within any
other limits prescribed by law, on their giving bond not to go beyond
those limits.</cd> -- <col><b>Prison yard</b></col>, <cd>an inclosure
about a prison, or attached to it.</cd> -- <col><b>Yard
grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a low-growing grass (<i>Eleusine
Indica</i>) having digitate spikes. It is common in dooryards, and
like places, especially in the Southern United States. Called also
<i>crab grass</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yard of land</b></col>. <cd>See
<u>Yardland</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Yard</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To confine (cattle) to
the yard; to shut up, or keep, in a yard; as, to <i>yard</i>
cows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yard"arm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Either half of a square-rigged vessel's yard, from the center or
mast to the end.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Ships are said to be <i>yardarm and yardarm</i> when so near
as to touch, or interlock yards.</p>

<p><hw>Yard"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Yardfuls</b></plw> (&?;). <def>As much as a yard will contain;
enough to fill a yard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yard"land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(O. Eng. Law)</i>
<def>A measure of land of uncertain quantity, varying from fifteen to
forty acres; a virgate.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Yard"stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stick three
feet, or a yard, in length, used as a measure of cloth, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yard"wand`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
yardstick.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yare</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yare</i>,
<i>&yogh;aru</i>, AS. <i>gearu</i>; akin to OS. <i>garu</i>, OHG.
<i>garo</i>, G. <i>gar</i>, Icel. <i>gerr</i> perfect,
<i>g&ouml;rva</i> quite, G. <i>gerben</i> to tan, to curry, OHG.
<i>garawen</i>, <i>garwen</i>, to make ready.  Cf. <u>Carouse</u>,
<u>Garb</u> clothing, <u>Gear</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Ready;
dexterous; eager; lively; quick to move.</def>  [Obs.] "Be <i>yare</i>
in thy preparation."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lesser [ship] will come and go, leave or take, and
is <i>yare</i>; whereas the greater is slow.</blockquote> <i>Sir W.
Raleigh.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yare</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Soon.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Cursor Mundi.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yare"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a yare
manner.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yark</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To yerk.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Yar"ke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Saki</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yarn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yarn</i>,
<i>&yogh;arn</i>, AS. <i>gearn</i>; akin to D. <i>garen</i>, G., OHG.,
Icel., Sw., &amp; Dan. <i>garn</i>; of uncertain origin.  Cf.
<u>Cord</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Spun wool; woolen thread; also, thread of
other material, as of cotton, flax, hemp, or silk; material spun and
prepared for use in weaving, knitting, manufacturing sewing thread, or
the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Rope Making)</i> <def>One of the threads of
which the strands of a rope are composed.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A story told by a sailor for the amusement
of his companions; a story or tale; as, to spin a <i>yarn</i>.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Yarn"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of yarn;
consisting of yarn.</def>  [Obs.] "A pair of <i>yarnen</i> stocks."
<i>Turbervile.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yar"nut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Yernut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yarr</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>&yogh;arren</i>.] <def>To growl or snarl as a dog.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Ainsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yar"rish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prov. E. <i>yar</i>
sour, <i>yare</i> brackish.] <def>Having a rough, dry taste.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Yar"row</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yarowe</i>,
<i>yarwe</i>, <i>&yogh;arowe</i>, AS. <i>gearwe</i>; akin to D.
<i>gerw</i>, OHG. <i>garwa</i>, <i>garawa</i>, G. <i>garbe</i>,
<i>schafgarbe</i>, and perhaps to E. <i>yare</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An American and European composite plant (<i>Achillea
Millefolium</i>) with very finely dissected leaves and small white
corymbed flowers. It has a strong, and somewhat aromatic, odor and
taste, and is sometimes used in making beer, or is dried for smoking.
Called also <i>milfoil</i>, and <i>nosebleed</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yar"whip`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called from its
sharp cry uttered when taking wing.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
European bar-tailed godwit; -- called also <i>yardkeep</i>, and
<i>yarwhelp</i>.  See <u>Godwit</u>.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Yat"a*ghan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>y&amacr;t&amacr;gh&amacr;n</i>.] <def>A long knife, or short saber,
common among Mohammedan nations, usually having a double curve,
sometimes nearly straight.</def>  [Written also <i>ataghan</i>,
<i>attaghan</i>.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gate.  See 1st
<u>Gate</u>.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yaud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Yawd</u>.</def>
[Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Yaul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Yawl</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yaulp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To yaup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yaup</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Yap</u>, and
<u>Yelp</u>.] <def>To cry out like a child; to yelp.</def>  [Scot. &
Colloq. U. S.] [Written also <i>yawp</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Yaup</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>yawp</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cry of distress, rage, or the like, as
the cry of a sickly bird, or of a child in pain.</def>  [Scot. &
Colloq. U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The blue
titmouse.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Yaup"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who, or that
which, yaups.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yau"pon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
shrub (<i>Ilex Cassine</i>) of the Holly family, native from Virginia
to Florida. The smooth elliptical leaves are used as a substitute for
tea, and were formerly used in preparing the <i>black drink</i> of the
Indians of North Carolina. Called also <i>South-Sea tea</i>.</def>
[Written also <i>yapon</i>, <i>youpon</i>, and <i>yupon</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Yaw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Yawed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Yawing</u>.] [Cf. <u>Yew</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To rise
in blisters, breaking in white froth, as cane juice in the clarifiers
in sugar works.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yaw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [Cf. Prov. G.
<i>gagen</i> to rock, <i>gageln</i> to totter, shake, Norw.
<i>gaga</i> to bend backward, Icel. <i>gagr</i> bent back, <i>gaga</i>
to throw the neck back.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To steer wild, or out of
the line of her course; to deviate from her course, as when struck by
a heavy sea; -- said of a ship.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Just as he would lay the ship's course, all
<i>yawing</i> being out of the question.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yaw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A movement
of a vessel by which she temporarily alters her course; a deviation
from a straight course in steering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yawd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel. <i>jalda</i> a
mare, E. <i>jade</i> a nag.] <def>A jade; an old horse or mare.</def>
[Written also <i>yaud</i>.] [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yawl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>jol</i>; akin to LG.
& Dan. <i>jolle</i>, Sw. <i>julle</i>.  Cf. <u>Jolly-boat</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small ship's boat, usually rowed by four or six
oars.</def>  [Written also <i>yaul</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Yawl</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&yogh;aulen</i>,
<i>&yogh;oulen</i>, <i>gaulen</i>, <i>goulen</i>, Icel. <i>gaula</i>
to low, bellow.  Cf. <u>Gowl</u>.] <def>To cry out like a dog or cat;
to howl; to yell.</def>  <i>Tennyson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>There howling Scyllas <i>yawling</i> round
about.</blockquote> <i>Fairfax.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yawl"-rigged"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Having two masts with fore-and-aft sails, but differing from a
schooner in that the after mast is very small, and stepped as far aft
as possible.  See <i>Illustration</i> in Appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yawn</hw> (y&add;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Yawned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Yawning</u>.] [OE. <i>yanien</i>, <i>&yogh;anien</i>,
<i>ganien</i>, <i>gonien</i>, AS. <i>g&amacr;nian</i>; akin to
<i>ginian</i> to yawn, <i>g&imacr;nan</i> to yawn, open wide, G.
<i>g&auml;hnen</i> to yawn, OHG. <i>gin&emacr;n</i>,
<i>gein&omacr;n</i>, Icel. <i>g&imacr;na</i> to yawn, <i>gin</i> the
mouth, OSlav. <i>zijati</i> to yawn, L. <i>hiare</i> to gape, yawn;
and perhaps to E. <i>begin</i>, cf. Gr. <grk>cheia`</grk> a hole.
&radic;47<i>b</i>.  Cf. <i>Begin</i>, <i>Gin</i> to begin,
<u>Hiatus</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To open the mouth involuntarily through
drowsiness, dullness, or fatigue; to gape; to oscitate.</def>  "The
lazy, <i>yawning</i> drone."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>And while above he spends his breath,<BR>
The <i>yawning</i> audience nod beneath.</blockquote>
<i>Trumbull.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To open wide; to gape, as if to allow the
entrance or exit of anything.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>'t is now the very witching time of night,<BR>
When churchyards <i>yawn</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To open the mouth, or to gape, through
surprise or bewilderment.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To be eager; to desire to swallow anything;
to express desire by yawning; as, to <i>yawn</i> for fat
livings.</def>  "One long, <i>yawning</i> gaze."  <i>Landor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yawn</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
involuntary act, excited by drowsiness, etc., consisting of a deep and
long inspiration following several successive attempts at inspiration,
the mouth, fauces, etc., being wide open.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One person yawning in company will produce a
spontaneous <i>yawn</i> in all present.</blockquote> <i>N.
Chipman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of opening wide, or of
gaping.</def>  <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A chasm, mouth, or passageway.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Now gape the graves, and trough their <i>yawns</i> let
loose<BR>
Imprisoned spirits.</blockquote> <i>Marston.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yawn"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a yawning
manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yawp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Yaup</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yaws</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [African <i>yaw</i> a
raspberry.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease, occurring in the Antilles
and in Africa, characterized by yellowish or reddish tumors, of a
contagious character, which, in shape and appearance, often resemble
currants, strawberries, or raspberries. There are several varieties of
this disease, variously known as <i>framb&oelig;sia</i>, <i>pian</i>,
<i>verrugas</i>, and <i>crab-yaws</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yaw"-weed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
low, shrubby, rubiaceous plant (<i>Morinda Royoc</i>) growing along
the seacoast of the West Indies. It has small, white, odorous
flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Y*be"</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Be</u>.
<def>Been.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y*cleped"</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>geclipod</i>, p. p. of <i>clipian</i>, <i>cleopian</i>,
<i>cliopian</i>, to call.  See <u>Clepe</u>, and also the Note under
<u>Y-</u>.] <def>Called; named; -- obsolete, except in archaic or
humorous writings.</def>  [Spelt also <i>yclept</i>.]</p>

<p><blockquote>It is full fair to ben <i>yclept</i>
madame.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But come, thou goddess fair and free.<BR>
In heaven <i>ycleped</i> Euphrosyne.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those charming little missives <i>ycleped</i>
valentines.</blockquote> <i>Lamb.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y*do"</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Do</u>.
<def>Done.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y*drad"</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Dread</u>.
<def>Dreaded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet nothing did he dread, but ever was
<i>ydrad</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{<hw>Y<supr>e</supr></hw>, <hw>Ye</hw> (&thlig;&emacr;)}, <def>an
old method of printing the article <i>the</i> (AS.  <i>&thorn;e</i>),
the "y" being used in place of the Anglo-Saxon thorn (&thorn;). It is
sometimes incorrectly pronounced y&emacr;.  See <u>The</u>, and
<u>Thorn</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Y"&euml;</hw> (&emacr;"<i>e</i>), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Y&euml;n</b></plw> (&emacr;"<i>e</i>n). <def>An
eye.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>From his <i>y&euml;n</i> ran the water
down.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ye</hw> (y&emacr;), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ye</i>,
<i>&yogh;e</i>, nom. pl., AS. <i>ge</i>, <i>g&imacr;</i>; cf. OS.
<i>ge</i>, <i>g&imacr;</i>, OFries. <i>g&imacr;</i>, <i>&imacr;</i>,
D. <i>gij</i>, Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>i</i>, Icel. <i>&emacr;r</i>, OHG.
<i>ir</i>, G. <i>ihr</i>, Goth. <i>jus</i>, Lith. <i>jus</i>, Gr.
<grk>"ymei^s</grk>, Skr. <i>yuyam</i>. &radic;189.] <def>The plural of
the pronoun of the second person in the nominative case.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Ye</i> ben to me right welcome
heartily.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>But <i>ye</i> are washed, but <i>ye</i> are
sanctified.</blockquote> <i>1 Cor. vi. 11.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This would cost you your life in case <i>ye</i> were a
man.</blockquote> <i>Udall.</i></p>

<p>&fist; In Old English <i>ye</i> was used only as a nominative, and
<i>you</i> only as a dative or objective. In the 16th century,
however, <i>ye</i> and <i>you</i> became confused and were often used
interchangeably, both as nominatives and objectives, and <i>you</i>
has now superseded <i>ye</i> except in solemn or poetic use.  See
<u>You</u>, and also the first Note under <u>Thou</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Vain pomp and glory of this world, I hate
<i>ye</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I come, kind gentlemen, strange news to tell
<i>ye</i>.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ye</hw> (y&amacr;), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Yea</u>.]
<def>Yea; yes.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yea</hw> (y&amacr; or y&emacr;; 277), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>
[OE. <i>ye</i>, <i>ya</i>, <i>&yogh;e</i>, <i>&yogh;a</i>, AS.
<i>ge&aacute;</i>; akin to OFries. <i>g&emacr;</i>, <i>i&emacr;</i>,
OS., D., OHG., G., Dan. &amp; Sw. <i>ja</i>, Icel, <i>j&amacr;</i>, Goth.
<i>ja</i>, <i>jai</i>, and probably to Gr. <grk>"h^</grk> truly,
verily. &radic;188.  Cf. <u>Yes</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Yes; ay; a word expressing assent, or an
affirmative, or an affirmative answer to a question, now superseded by
<i>yes</i>.  See <u>Yes</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Let your communication be <i>yea</i>, <i>yea</i>; nay,
nay.</blockquote> <i>Matt. v. 37.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>More than this; not only so, but; -- used
to mark the addition of a more specific or more emphatic clause.  Cf.
<u>Nay</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I therein do rejoice, <i>yea</i>, and will
rejoice.</blockquote> <i>Phil. i. 18.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Yea</i> sometimes introduces a clause, with the sense of
<i>indeed</i>, <i>verily</i>, <i>truly</i>. "<i>Yea</i>, hath God
said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden?"  <i>Gen. iii.
1.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yea</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An affirmative vote; one
who votes in the affirmative; as, a vote by <i>yeas</i> and
nays.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the Scriptures, <i>yea</i> is used as a sign of certainty
or stability. "All the promises of God in him are <i>yea</i>, and in
him Amen."  <i>2 Cor. i. 20.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yead</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Properly, a variant
of the defective imperfect <i>yode</i>, but sometimes mistaken for a
present.  See the Note under <u>Yede</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Years <i>yead</i> away and faces fair
deflower.</blockquote> <i>Drant.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yean</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Yeaned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Yeaning</u>.] [AS. <i>e&aacute;nian</i>, or <i>gee&aacute;nian</i>;
perhaps akin to E. <i>ewe</i>, or perhaps to L. <i>agnus</i>, Gr. &?;.
Cf. <u>Ean</u>.] <def>To bring forth young, as a goat or a sheep; to
ean.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yean"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Yean</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.  Cf. <u>Eanling</u>.] <def>A lamb or a kid; an
eanling.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Year</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yer</i>,
<i>yeer</i>, <i>&yogh;er</i>, AS. <i>ge&aacute;r</i>; akin to OFries.
<i>i&?;r</i>, <i>g&?;r</i>, D. <i>jaar</i>, OHG. <i>j&amacr;r</i>, G.
<i>jahr</i>, Icel. <i>&amacr;r</i>, Dan. <i>aar</i>, Sw.
<i>&aring;r</i>, Goth. <i>j&?;r</i>, Gr. &?; a season of the year,
springtime, a part of the day, an hour, &?; a year, Zend
<i>y&amacr;re</i> year. &radic;4, 279.  Cf. <u>Hour</u>,
<u>Yore</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The time of the apparent revolution of the
sun trough the ecliptic; the period occupied by the earth in making
its revolution around the sun, called the <i>astronomical year</i>;
also, a period more or less nearly agreeing with this, adopted by
various nations as a measure of time, and called the <i>civil
year</i>; as, the common lunar <i>year</i> of 354 days, still in use
among the Mohammedans; the <i>year</i> of 360 days, etc. In common
usage, the year consists of 365 days, and every fourth year (called
<i>bissextile</i>, or <i>leap year</i>) of 366 days, a day being added
to February on that year, on account of the excess above 365 days (see
<u>Bissextile</u>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of twenty <i>year</i> of age he was, I
guess.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>civil</i>, or <i>legal</i>, <i>year</i>, in England,
formerly commenced on the 25th of March. This practice continued
throughout the British dominions till the year 1752.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The time in which any planet completes a
revolution about the sun; as, the <i>year</i> of Jupiter or of
Saturn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i> <def>Age, or old age; as, a man in
<i>years</i>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Anomalistic year</b></col>, <cd>the time of the earth's
revolution from perihelion to perihelion again, which is 365 days, 6
hours, 13 minutes, and 48 seconds.</cd> -- <col><b>A year's
mind</b></col> <i>(Eccl.)</i>, <cd>a commemoration of a deceased
person, as by a Mass, a year after his death.  Cf. <i>A month's
mind</i>, under <u>Month</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Bissextile
year</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bissextile</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Canicular
year</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Canicular</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Civil
year</b></col>, <cd>the year adopted by any nation for the computation
of time.</cd> -- <col><b>Common lunar year</b></col>, <cd>the period
of 12 lunar months, or 354 days.</cd> -- <col><b>Common
year</b></col>, <cd>each year of 365 days, as distinguished from
<i>leap year</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Embolismic year</b></col>, or
<col><b>Intercalary lunar year</b></col>, <cd>the period of 13 lunar
months, or 384 days.</cd> -- <col><b>Fiscal year</b></col>
<i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>the year by which accounts are reckoned, or the
year between one annual time of settlement, or balancing of accounts,
and another.</cd> -- <col><b>Great year</b></col>. <cd>See <i>Platonic
year</i>, under <u>Platonic</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Gregorian
year</b></col>, <col><b>Julian year</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Gregorian</u>, and <u>Julian</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Leap
year</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Leap year</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> --
<col><b>Lunar astronomical year</b></col>, <cd>the period of 12 lunar
synodical months, or 354 days, 8 hours, 48 minutes, 36 seconds.</cd> -
- <col><b>Lunisolar year</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Lunisolar</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Periodical year</b></col>. <cd>See
<i>Anomalistic year</i>, above.</cd> -- <col><b>Platonic
year</b></col>, <col><b>Sabbatical year</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Platonic</u>, and <u>Sabbatical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Sidereal
year</b></col>, <cd>the time in which the sun, departing from any
fixed star, returns to the same. This is 365 days, 6 hours, 9 minutes,
and 9.3 seconds.</cd> -- <col><b>Tropical year</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Tropical</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Year and a day</b></col> <i>(O.
Eng. Law)</i>, <cd>a time to be allowed for an act or an event, in
order that an entire year might be secured beyond all question.</cd>
<i>Abbott.</i> -- <col><b>Year of grace</b></col>, <cd>any year of the
Christian era; Anno Domini; <u>A. D.</u> or <u>a. d.</u></cd></p>

<p><hw>Ye*a"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
California poison oak (<i>Rhus diversiloba</i>).  See under
<u>Poison</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Year"book`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A book published yearly; any annual report or summary of the
statistics or facts of a year, designed to be used as a reference
book; as, the Congregational <i>Yearbook</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Eng. Law)</i> <def>A book containing annual
reports of cases adjudged in the courts of England.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1674 !></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Yearbooks</i> are the oldest English reports extant,
beginning with the reign of Edward II., and ending with the reign of
Henry VIII. They were published annually, and derive their name from
that fact. They consist of eleven parts, or volumes, are written in
Law French, and extend over nearly two hundred years. There are,
however, several hiatuses, or chasms, in the series.  <i>Kent.</i>
<i>Bouvier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yeared</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Containing years;
having existed or continued many years; aged.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Year"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Year</i> + <i>-
ling</i>.] <def>An animal one year old, or in the second year of its
age; -- applied chiefly to cattle, sheep, and horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Year"ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being a year
old.</def>  "A <i>yearling</i> bullock to thy name small smoke."
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Year"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ge&aacute;rlic</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Happening, accruing, or coming every year;
annual; as, a <i>yearly</i> income; a <i>yearly</i> feast.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Lasting a year; as, a <i>yearly</i>
plant.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Accomplished in a year; as, the
<i>yearly</i> circuit, or revolution, of the earth.</def>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Year"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>ge&aacute;rlice</i>.] <def>Annually; once a year to year; as,
blessings <i>yearly</i> bestowed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Yearly</i> will I do this rite.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yearn</hw> (y&etilde;rn), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Yearned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Yearning</u>.] [Also <i>earn</i>, <i>ern</i>; probably
a corruption of OE. <i>ermen</i> to grieve, AS. <i>ierman</i>,
<i>yrman</i>, or <i>geierman</i>, <i>geyrman</i>, fr. <i>earm</i>
wretched, poor; akin to D. &amp; G. <i>arm</i>, Icel. <i>armr</i>, Goth.
<i>arms</i>. The <i>y-</i> in English is perhaps due to the AS.
<i>ge</i> (see <u>Y-</u>).] <def>To pain; to grieve; to vex.</def>
[Obs.] "She laments, sir, for it, that it would <i>yearn</i> your
heart to see it."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It <i>yearns</i> me not if men my garments
wear.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yearn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be pained or
distressed; to grieve; to mourn.</def>  [Obs.] "Falstaff he is dead,
and we must <i>yearn</i> therefore."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yearn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Yearnings</u>.] <def>To curdle, as milk.</def>  [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Yearn</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yernen</i>,
<i>&yogh;ernen</i>, <i>&yogh;eornen</i>, AS. <i>geornian</i>,
<i>gyrnan</i>, fr. <i>georn</i> desirous, eager; akin to OS.
<i>gern</i> desirous, <i>girnean</i>, <i>gernean</i>, to desire, D.
<i>gaarne</i> gladly, willingly, G. <i>gern</i>, OHG. <i>gerno</i>,
adv., <i>gern</i>, a., G. <i>gier</i> greed, OHG. <i>gir&imacr;</i>
greed, <i>ger</i> desirous, <i>ger&omacr;n</i> to desire, G.
be<i>gehren</i>, Icel. <i>girna</i> to desire, <i>gjarn</i> eager,
Goth. fa&iacute;hu<i>ga&iacute;rns</i> covetous,
<i>ga&iacute;rnjan</i> to desire, and perhaps to Gr.
<grk>chai`rein</grk> to rejoice, be glad, Skr. <i>hary</i> to desire,
to like. &radic;33.] <def>To be filled with longing desire; to be
harassed or rendered uneasy with longing, or feeling the want of a
thing; to strain with emotions of affection or tenderness; to long; to
be eager.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Joseph made haste; for his bowels did <i>yearn</i> upon
his brother; and he sought where to weep.</blockquote> <i>Gen. xliii.
30.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Your mother's heart <i>yearns</i> towards
you.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yearn"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>&yogh;eornful</i>, AS. <i>geornfull</i>.] <def>Desirous.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Ormulum. P. Fletcher.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yearn"ing*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With
yearning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yearn"ings</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Cf. AS.
<i>geirnan</i>, <i>geyrnan</i>, to rum.  See 4th <u>Earn</u>.]
<def>The maws, or stomachs, of young calves, used as a rennet for
curdling milk.</def>  [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Yearth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The earth.</def>
[Obs.] "Is my son dead or hurt or on the <i>yerthe</i> felled?"
<i>Ld. Berners.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yeast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&yogh;eest</i>,
<i>&yogh;est</i>, AS. <i>gist</i>; akin to D. <i>gest</i>,
<i>gist</i>, G. <i>gischt</i>, <i>g&auml;scht</i>, OHG. <i>jesan</i>,
<i>jerian</i>, to ferment, G. <i>gischen</i>, <i>g&auml;schen</i>,
<i>g&auml;hren</i>, Gr. &?; boiled, <grk>zei^n</grk> to boil, Skr.
<i>yas</i>. &radic;111.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The foam, or troth (<i>top yeast</i>), or
the sediment (<i>bottom yeast</i>), of beer or other in fermentation,
which contains the yeast plant or its spores, and under certain
conditions produces fermentation in saccharine or farinaceous
substances; a preparation used for raising dough for bread or cakes,
and making it light and puffy; barm; ferment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Spume, or foam, of water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They melt thy <i>yeast</i> of waves, which mar<BR>
Alike the Armada's pride, or spoils of Trafalgar.</blockquote>
<i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Yeast cake</b></col>, <cd>a mealy cake impregnated with the
live germs of the yeast plant, and used as a conveniently
transportable substitute for yeast.</cd> -- <col><b>Yeast
plant</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the vegetable organism, or fungus,
of which beer yeast consists. The yeast plant is composed of simple
cells, or granules, about one three-thousandth of an inch in diameter,
often united into filaments which reproduce by budding, and under
certain circumstances by the formation of spores. The name is extended
to other ferments of the same genus.  See <u>Saccharomyces</u>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Yeast powder</b></col>, <cd>a baling powder, -- used instead
of yeast in leavening bread.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Yeast"-bit`ten</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Brewing)</i>
<def>A term used of beer when the froth of the yeast has
re&euml;ntered the body of the beer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yeast"i*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being yeasty, or frothy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yeast"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Frothy; foamy;
spumy, like yeast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yed"ding</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>geddung</i>,
<i>gidding</i>, <i>giedding</i>, from <i>gieddian</i>, <i>giddian</i>,
to sing, speak.] <def>The song of a minstrel; hence, any song.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yede</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> <def>Went.  See
<u>Yode</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All as he bade fulfilled was indeed<BR>
This ilke servant anon right out <i>yede</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Spenser and some later writers mistook this for a present of
the defective imperfect <i>yode</i>. It is, however, only a variant of
<i>yode</i>.  See <u>Yode</u>, and cf. <u>Yead</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>[He] on foot was forced for to
<i>yeed</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser</i></p>

<p><hw>Yeel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An eel.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yeld"hall`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Guildhall.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p>{<hw>Yel"drin</hw> (?) or <hw>Yel"drine</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Yellow</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
yellow-hammer; -- called also <i>yeldrock</i>, and
<i>yoldrin</i>.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Yelk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Yolk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yell</hw> (y&ebreve;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Yelled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Yelling</u>.] [OE. <i>yellen</i>, <i>&yogh;ellen</i>, AS.
<i>giellan</i>, <i>gillan</i>, <i>gyllan</i>; akin to D.
<i>gillen</i>, OHG. <i>gellan</i>, G. <i>gellen</i>, Icel.
<i>gjalla</i>, Sw. <i>g&auml;lla</i> to ring, resound, and to AS.,
OS., &amp; OHG. <i>galan</i> to sing, Icel. <i>gala</i>.  Cf. 1st
<u>Gale</u>, and <u>Nightingale</u>.] <def>To cry out, or shriek, with
a hideous noise; to cry or scream as with agony or horror.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They <i>yelleden</i> as feendes doon in
helle.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Nor the night raven, that still deadly
<i>yells</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Infernal ghosts and hellish furies round<BR>
Environed thee; some howled, some <i>yelled</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yell</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter or declare
with a yell; to proclaim in a loud tone.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yell</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp, loud, hideous
outcry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their hideous <i>yells</i><BR>
Rend the dark welkin.</blockquote> <i>J. Philips.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Yellower</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Yellowest</u>.] [OE. <i>yelow</i>,
<i>yelwe</i>, <i>&yogh;elow</i>, <i>&yogh;eoluw</i>, from AS.
<i>geolu</i>; akin to D. <i>geel</i>, OS. &amp; OHG. <i>gelo</i>, G.
<i>gelb</i>, Icel. <i>gulr</i>, Sw. <i>gul</i>, Dan. <i>guul</i>, L.
<i>helvus</i> light bay, Gr. &?; young verdure, &?; greenish yellow,
Skr. <i>hari</i> tawny, yellowish. &?;&?;&?;.  Cf. <u>Chlorine</u>,
<u>Gall</u> a bitter liquid, <u>Gold</u>, <u>Yolk</u>.] <def>Being of
a bright saffronlike color; of the color of gold or brass; having the
hue of that part of the rainbow, or of the solar spectrum, which is
between the orange and the green.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her <i>yellow</i> hair was browded [braided] in a
tress.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A sweaty reaper from his tillage brought<BR>
First fruits, the green ear and the <i>yellow</i> sheaf.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The line of <i>yellow</i> light dies fast
away.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Yellow atrophy</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a fatal
affection of the liver, in which it undergoes fatty degeneration, and
becomes rapidly smaller and of a deep yellow tinge. The marked
symptoms are black vomit, delirium, convulsions, coma, and
jaundice.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow bark</b></col>, <cd>calisaya
bark.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow bass</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a
North American fresh-water bass (<i>Morone interrupta</i>) native of
the lower parts of the Mississippi and its tributaries. It is yellow,
with several more or less broken black stripes or bars. Called also
<i>barfish</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow berry</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Same as <i>Persian berry</i>, under <u>Persian</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Yellow boy</b></col>, <cd>a gold coin, as a guinea.</cd>
[Slang] <i>Arbuthnot.</i> -- <col><b>Yellow brier</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Brier</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow
bugle</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a European labiate plant (<i>Ajuga
Cham&aelig;pitys</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow bunting</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the European yellow-hammer.</cd> --
<col><b>Yellow cat</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a yellow
catfish; especially, the bashaw.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow
copperas</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a hydrous sulphate of iron; --
called also <i>copiapite</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow copper
ore</b></col>, <cd>a sulphide of copper and iron; copper pyrites.  See
<u>Chalcopyrite</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow cress</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a yellow-flowered, cruciferous plant (<i>Barbarea
pr&aelig;cox</i>), sometimes grown as a salad plant.</cd> --
<col><b>Yellow dock</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See the Note under
<u>Dock</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow earth</b></col>, <cd>a yellowish
clay, colored by iron, sometimes used as a yellow pigment.</cd> --
<col><b>Yellow fever</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd>a malignant,
contagious, febrile disease of warm climates, attended with jaundice,
producing a yellow color of the skin, and with the black vomit.  See
<u>Black vomit</u>, in the Vocabulary.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow
flag</b></col>, <cd>the quarantine flag.  See under <u>Quarantine</u>,
and 3d <u>Flag</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow jack</b></col>.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The yellow fever.  See under 2d
<u>Jack</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The quarantine flag.  See
under <u>Quarantine</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow jacket</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of American social
wasps of the genus <i>Vespa</i>, in which the color of the body is
partly bright yellow. These wasps are noted for their irritability,
and for their painful stings.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow lead
ore</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>wulfenite.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow
lemur</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the kinkajou.</cd> --
<col><b>Yellow macauco</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the
kinkajou.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow mackerel</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the jurel.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow
metal</b></col>. <cd>Same as <i>Muntz metal</i>, under
<u>Metal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow ocher</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>an impure, earthy variety of brown iron ore, which is used as a
pigment.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow oxeye</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a
yellow-flowered plant (<i>Chrysanthemum segetum</i>) closely related
to the oxeye daisy.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow perch</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the common American perch.  See
<u>Perch</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow pike</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the wall-eye.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow
pine</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any of several kinds of pine; also,
their yellowish and generally durable timber. Among the most common
are valuable species are <i>Pinus mitis</i> and <i>P. palustris</i> of
the Eastern and Southern States, and <i>P. ponderosa</i> and <i>P.
Arizonica</i> of the Rocky Mountains and Pacific States.</cd> --
<col><b>Yellow plover</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the golden
plover.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow precipitate</b></col> <i>(Med.
Chem.)</i>, <cd>an oxide of mercury which is thrown down as an
amorphous yellow powder on adding corrosive sublimate to
limewater.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow puccoon</b></col>. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<cd>Same as <u>Orangeroot</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow rail</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small American rail (<i>Porzana
Noveboracensis</i>) in which the lower parts are dull yellow, darkest
on the breast. The back is streaked with brownish yellow and with
black, and spotted with white. Called also <i>yellow crake</i>.</cd> -
- <col><b>Yellow rattle</b></col>, <col><b>Yellow rocket</b></col>.
<i>(Bot.)</i> <cd>See under <u>Rattle</u>, and <u>Rocket</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Yellow Sally</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a greenish or
yellowish European stone fly of the genus <i>Chloroperla</i>; -- so
called by anglers.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow sculpin</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the dragonet.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow
snake</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a West Indian boa
(<i>Chilobothrus inornatus</i>) common in Jamaica. It becomes from
eight to ten long. The body is yellowish or yellowish green, mixed
with black, and anteriorly with black lines.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow
spot</b></col>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Anat.)</i> <cd>A small
yellowish spot with a central pit, the <i>fovea centralis</i>, in the
center of the retina where vision is most accurate.  See
<u>Eye</u>.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <cd>A small
American butterfly (<i>Polites Peckius</i>) of the Skipper family. Its
wings are brownish, with a large, irregular, bright yellow spot on
each of the hind wings, most conspicuous beneath. Called also
<i>Peck's skipper</i>. See <i>Illust.</i> under <u>Skipper</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow tit</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of several species of crested titmice
of the genus <i>Machlolophus</i>, native of India. The predominating
colors of the plumage are yellow and green.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow
viper</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the fer-de-lance.</cd> --
<col><b>Yellow warbler</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>any one of
several species of American warblers of the genus <i>Dendroica</i> in
which the predominant color is yellow, especially <i>D.
&aelig;stiva</i>, which is a very abundant and familiar species; --
called also <i>garden warbler</i>, <i>golden warbler</i>, <i>summer
yellowbird</i>, <i>summer warbler</i>, and <i>yellow-poll
warbler</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow wash</b></col> <i>(Pharm.)</i>,
<cd>yellow oxide of mercury suspended in water, -- a mixture prepared
by adding corrosive sublimate to limewater.</cd> -- <col><b>Yellow
wren</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The
European willow warbler.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The European
wood warbler.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
bright golden color, reflecting more light than any other except
white; the color of that part of the spectrum which is between the
orange and green.</def>  "A long motley coat guarded with
<i>yellow</i>."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A yellow pigment.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cadmium yellow</b></col>, <col><b>Chrome yellow</b></col>,
<col><b>Indigo yellow</b></col>, <col><b>King's yellow</b></col>, etc.
<cd>See under <u>Cadmium</u>, <u>Chrome</u>, etc.</cd> --
<col><b>Naples yellow</b></col>, <cd>a yellow amorphous pigment, used
in oil, porcelain, and enamel painting, consisting of a basic lead
metantimonate, obtained by fusing together tartar emetic lead nitrate,
and common salt.</cd> -- <col><b>Patent yellow</b></col> <i>(Old
Chem.)</i>, <cd>a yellow pigment consisting essentially of a lead
oxychloride; -- called also <i>Turner's yellow</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Yellowed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Yellowing</u>.] <def>To make yellow; to cause to have a yellow
tinge or color; to dye yellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become yellow or
yellower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*am`mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See <u>Yellow-hammer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*bill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American scoter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The American goldfinch,
or thistle bird.  See <u>Goldfinch</u>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The common yellow warbler; -- called also <i>summer
yellowbird</i>.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <i>Yellow warbler</i>, under
<u>Yellow</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low-cov`ered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Covered or
bound in yellow paper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Yellow-covered literature</b></col>, <cd>cheap sensational
novels and trashy magazines; -- formerly so called from the usual
color of their covers.</cd> [Colloq. U. S.]  <i>Bartlett.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Yel"low-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having yellow
eyes.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Yellow-eyed grass</b></col> <i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>any plant of
the genus Xyris.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*fin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large squeteague.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*fish`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A rock trout (<i>Pleurogrammus
monopterygius</i>) found on the coast of Alaska; -- called also
<i>striped fish</i>, and <i>Atka mackerel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low-golds`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A certain plant, probably the yellow oxeye.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*ham`mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>yellow-
ammer</i>, where <i>ammer</i> is fr. AS. <i>amore</i> a kind of bird;
akin to G. <i>ammer</i> a yellow-hammer, OHG. <i>amero</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A common European finch
(<i>Emberiza citrinella</i>). The color of the male is bright yellow
on the breast, neck, and sides of the head, with the back yellow and
brown, and the top of the head and the tail quills blackish. Called
also <i>yellow bunting</i>, <i>scribbling lark</i>, and <i>writing
lark</i>.</def>  [Written also <i>yellow-ammer</i>.]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The flicker.</def>  [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process
of making yellow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Softened . . . by the <i>yellowing</i> which time has
given.</blockquote> <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat yellow;
as, amber is of a <i>yellowish</i> color.</def>  --
<wf>Yel"low*ish*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*legs`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of long-legged
sandpipers of the genus <i>Totanus</i>, in which the legs are bright
yellow; -- called also <i>stone snipe</i>, <i>tattler</i>,
<i>telltale</i>, <i>yellowshanks</i>; and <i>yellowshins</i>.  See
<u>Tattler</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The quality or state of being yellow; as, the <i>yellowness</i>
of an orange.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Jealousy.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I will possess him with <i>yellowness</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*root`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any one of several plants with yellow roots.</def>  Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>See <u>Xanthorhiza</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Orangeroot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"lows</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Far.)</i> <def>A disease of the bile in horses, cattle, and sheep,
causing yellowness of the eyes; jaundice.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>His horse . . . sped with spavins, rayed with the
<i>yellows</i>.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A disease of plants, esp. of
peach trees, in which the leaves turn to a yellowish color;
jeterus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A group of butterflies
in which the predominating color is yellow. It includes the common
small yellow butterflies.  Called also <i>redhorns</i>, and
<i>sulphurs</i>.  See <u>Sulphur</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A kind of pepper grass (<i>Lepidium campestre</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Yel"low*shanks`</hw> (?), <hw>Yel"low*shins`</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Yellolegs</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*tail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any one of several
species of marine carangoid fishes of the genus <i>Seriola</i>;
especially, the large California species (<i>S. dorsalis</i>) which
sometimes weighs thirty or forty pounds, and is highly esteemed as a
food fish; -- called also <i>cavasina</i>, and <i>white
salmon</i>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The mademoiselle, or
silver perch.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The menhaden.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The runner, 12.</def>  <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<def>A California rockfish (<i>Sebastodes flavidus</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>The sailor's choice (<i>Diplodus
rhomboides</i>).</def></p>

<p>&fist; Several other fishes are also locally called
<i>yellowtail</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*throat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of American ground
warblers of the genus <i>Geothlypis</i>, esp. the Maryland
yellowthroat (<i>G. trichas</i>), which is a very common
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*top`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A kind of grass, perhaps a species of <i>Agrostis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The wood of any one of several different kinds of trees; also,
any one of the trees themselves. Among the trees so called are the
<i>Cladrastis tinctoria</i>, an American leguminous tree; the several
species of prickly ash (<i>Xanthoxylum</i>); the Australian
<i>Flindersia Oxleyana</i>, a tree related to the mahogany; certain
South African species of <i>Podocarpus</i>, trees related to the yew;
the East Indian <i>Podocarpus latifolia</i>; and the true satinwood
(<i>Chloroxylon Swietenia</i>). All these Old World trees furnish
valuable timber.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1675 !></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low*wort`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A European yellow-flowered, gentianaceous (<i>Chlora
perfoliata</i>). The whole plant is intensely bitter, and is sometimes
used as a tonic, and also in dyeing yellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yelp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Yelped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Yelping</u>.] [OE. <i>yelpen</i>, <i>&yogh;elpen</i>, to boast,
boast noisily, AS. <i>gielpan</i>, <i>gilpan</i>, <i>gylpan</i>; akin
to OHG. <i>gelph</i> arrogant: cf. Icel. <i>gj&amacr;lpa</i> to yelp.
Cf. <u>Yap</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To boast.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I keep [care] not of armes for to
<i>yelpe</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To utter a sharp, quick cry, as a hound; to
bark shrilly with eagerness, pain, or fear; to yaup.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A little herd of England's timorous deer,<BR>
Mazed with a <i>yelping</i> kennel of French curs?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At the least flourish of a broomstick or ladle, he
would fly to the door with a <i>yelping</i>
precipitation.</blockquote> <i>W. Irving.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yelp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sharp, quick cry; a
bark.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yelp"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An animal that
yelps, or makes a yelping noise.</def>  Specifically:
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The avocet; -- so called
from its sharp, shrill cry.</def>  [Prov. Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The tattler.</def>  [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ye"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yeoman.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Yen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The unit of value and
account in Japan. Since Japan's adoption of the gold standard, in
1897, the value of the yen has been about 50 cents. The <i>yen</i> is
equal to 100 <i>sen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yend</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw; to
cast.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Ye"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After <i>Jena</i>, in
Germany.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A silicate of iron and lime occurring in
black prismatic crystals; -- also called <i>ilvaite</i>.</def>  [Spelt
also <i>jenite</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Yeo"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Yeomen</b></plw> (#). [OE. <i>yoman</i>, <i>&yogh;eman</i>,
<i>&yogh;oman</i>; of uncertain origin; perhaps the first, syllable is
akin to OFries. <i>g&amacr;</i> district, region, G. <i>gau</i>, OHG.
<i>gewi</i>, <i>gouwi</i>, Goth. <i>gawi</i>. &radic;100.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A common man, or one of the commonly of the
first or most respectable class; a freeholder; a man free
born.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A <i>yeoman</i> in England is considered as next in order to
the gentry. The word is little used in the United States, unless as a
title in law proceedings and instruments, designating occupation, and
this only in particular States.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A servant; a retainer.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>yeman</i> hadde he and servants no
mo.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A yeoman of the guard; also, a member of
the yeomanry cavalry.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An interior officer under
the boatswain, gunner, or carpenters, charged with the stowage,
account, and distribution of the stores.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Yeoman of the guard</b></col>, <cd>one of the bodyguard of
the English sovereign, consisting of the hundred yeomen, armed with
partisans, and habited in the costume of the sixteenth century. They
are members of the royal household.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Yeo"man*like`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Resembling,
or suitable to, a yeoman; yeomanly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yeo"man*ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to a
yeoman; becoming or suitable to, a yeoman; yeomanlike.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Well could he dress his tackle
<i>yeomanly</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yeo"man*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The position or rank of a yeoman.</def>  [Obs.] "His estate of
<i>yeomanry</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The collective body of yeomen, or
freeholders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The enfranchised <i>yeomanry</i> began to feel an
instinct for dominion.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The yeomanry cavalry.</def>  [Eng.]</p>

<p><col><b>Yeomanry cavalry</b></col>, <cd>certain bodies of volunteer
cavalry liable to service in Great Britain only.</cd> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Yeor"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Yellow</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European yellow-hammer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yer</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> <def>Ere; before.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Yer"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>An herb; a plant.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is much used in compound names of plants in
Spanish; as, <i>yerba buena</i> [Sp., a good herb], a name applied in
Spain to several kinds of mint (<i>Mentha sativa</i>, <i>viridis</i>,
etc.), but in California universally applied to a common, sweet-
scented labiate plant (<i>Micromeria Douglasii</i>).</p>

<p><col><b>Yerba dol osa</b></col>. [Sp., herb of the she-bear.] <cd>A
kind of buckthorn (<i>Rhamnus Californica</i>).</cd> -- <col><b>Yerba
mansa</b></col>. [Sp., a mild herb, soft herb.] <cd>A plant
(<i>Anemopsis Californica</i>) with a pungent, aromatic rootstock,
used medicinally by the Mexicans and the Indians.</cd> --
<col><b>Yerba reuma</b></col>. [Cf. Sp. <i>reuma</i> rheum,
rheumatism.] <cd>A low California undershrub (<i>Frankenia
grandifolia</i>).</cd></p>

<p><hw>Yerd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See 1st &amp; 2d
<u>Yard</u>.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yerk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Yerked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Yerking</u>.] [See <u>Yerk</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To throw or thrust with a sudden, smart
movement; to kick or strike suddenly; to jerk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their wounded steeds . . . <BR>
<i>Yerk</i> out their armed heels at their dead masters.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To strike or lash with a whip.</def>  [Obs.
or Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Yerk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
throw out the heels; to kick; to jerk.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They flirt, they <i>yerk</i>, they backward . . .
fling.</blockquote> <i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To move a quick, jerking motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yerk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sudden or quick thrust
or motion; a jerk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yern</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See 3d
<u>Yearn</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Yern</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&yogh;ern</i>,
<i>&yogh;eorne</i>, AS. <i>georn</i> desirous, eager.  See
<u>Yearn</u> to long.] <def>Eager; brisk; quick; active.</def>  [Obs.]
"Her song . . . loud and <i>yern</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yerne</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&yogh;eorne</i>.
See <u>Yern</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Eagerly; briskly;
quickly.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My hands and my tongue go so <i>yerne</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yer"nut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Dan.
<i>jordn&ouml;d</i>, Sw. <i>jordn&ouml;t</i>, earthnut.  Cf.
<u>Jarnut</u>.] <def>An earthnut, or groundnut.  See <u>Groundnut</u>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd>.</def>  [Written also <i>yarnut</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Yerst</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Erst</u>.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yes</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yis</i>,
<i>&yogh;is</i>, <i>&yogh;es</i>, <i>&yogh;ise</i>, AS. <i>gese</i>,
<i>gise</i>; probably fr. <i>ge&aacute;</i> yea + <i>sw&amacr;</i> so.
&radic;188.  See <u>Yea</u>, and <u>So</u>.] <def>Ay; yea; -- a word
which expresses affirmation or consent; -- opposed to
<i>no</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Yes</i> is used, like <i>yea</i>, to enforce, by
repetition or addition, something which precedes; as, you have done
all this -- <i>yes</i>, you have done more. "<i>Yes</i>, you despise
the man books confined."  <i>Pope.</i>
</p>

<p>&fist; "The fine distinction between &lsquo;yea' and &lsquo;yes,'
&lsquo;nay' and &lsquo;no,' that once existed in English, has quite
disappeared. &lsquo;Yea' and &lsquo;nay' in Wyclif's time, and a good
deal later, were the answers to questions framed in the affirmative.
&lsquo;Will he come?' To this it would have been replied, &lsquo;Yea'
or &lsquo;Nay', as the case might be. But, &lsquo;Will he not come?'
To this the answer would have been &lsquo;Yes' or &lsquo;No.'  Sir
Thomas More finds fault with Tyndale, that in his translation of the
Bible he had not observed this distinction, which was evidently
therefore going out even then, that is, in the reign of Henry VIII.;
and shortly after it was quite forgotten."  <i>Trench.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Yeast</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yes"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Yesterday</u>.]
<def>Last; last past; next before; of or pertaining to
yesterday.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[An enemy] whom <i>yester</i> sun beheld<BR>
Mustering her charms.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p>&fist; This word is now seldom used except in a few compounds; as,
<i>yester</i>day, <i>yester</i>night, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Yes"ter*day</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>&yogh;isterdai</i>, AS. <i>geostran d&aelig;g</i>, from
<i>geostran</i>, <i>geostra</i>, <i>giestran</i>, <i>gistran</i>,
<i>gystran</i>, yesterday (akin to D. <i>gisteren</i>, G.
<i>gestern</i>, OHG. <i>gestaron</i>, Icel. <i>g&aelig;r</i>
yesterday, to-morrow, Goth. <i>gistradagis</i> to-morrow, L.
<i>heri</i> yesterday, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>hyas</i>) + <i>d&aelig;g</i>
day.  Cf. <u>Hestern</u>. &?;&?;&?;&?;.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The day last past; the day next before the
present.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All our <i>yesterdays</i> have lighted fools<BR>
The way to dusty death.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>We are but of <i>yesterday</i>, and know
nothing.</blockquote> <i>Job viii. 9.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: A recent time; time not long
past.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The proudest royal houses are but of <i>yesterday</i>,
when compared with the line of supreme pontiffs.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yes"ter*day</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>On the day last
past; on the day preceding to-day; as, the affair took place
<i>yesterday</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Yes"ter*eve`</hw> (?), <hw>Yes"ter-e`ven*ing</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The evening of yesterday; the evening last
past.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Yes"ter*morn`</hw> (?), <hw>Yes"ter-morn`ing</hw>, }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The morning of yesterday.</def>
<i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yes"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Yester</u>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to yesterday; relating to the day last
past.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yes"ter*night`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The last
night; the night last past.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yes"ter*night`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [AS. <i>gystran
niht</i>.  See <u>Yesterday</u>.] <def>On the last night.</def>  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yes"ter*noon`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The noon of
yesterday; the noon last past.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yes"ter*week`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The week last
past; last week.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yes"ter*year`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The year last
past; last year.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Yes`treen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Yester-evening;
yesternight; last night.</def>  [R. or Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Yestreen</i> I did not know<BR>
How largely I could live.</blockquote> <i>Bp. Coxe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yest"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Yeasty</u>.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any
one of several species of large marine gastropods belonging to the
genus <i>Yetus</i>, or <i>Cymba</i>; a boat shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yet</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yet</i>,
<i>&yogh;et</i>, <i>&yogh;it</i>, AS. <i>git</i>, <i>gyt</i>,
<i>giet</i>, <i>gieta</i>; akin to OFries. <i>ieta</i>, <i>eta</i>,
<i>ita</i>, MHG. <i>iezuo</i>, <i>ieze</i>, now, G. <i>jetzo</i>,
<i>jetzt</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In addition; further; besides; over and
above; still.</def>  "A little longer; <i>yet</i> a little longer."
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This furnishes us with <i>yet</i> one more reason why
our savior, lays such a particular stress acts of mercy.</blockquote>
<i>Atterbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The rapine is made <i>yet</i> blacker by the pretense
of piety and justice.</blockquote> <i>L'Estrange.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>At the same time; by continuance from a
former state; still.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Facts they had heard while they were <i>yet</i>
heathens.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Up to the present time; thus far; hitherto;
until now; -- and with the negative, <i>not yet</i>, not up to the
present time; not as soon as now; as, Is it time to go? Not
<i>yet</i>.  See <i>As yet</i>, under <u>As</u>,
<pos><i>conj.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ne never <i>yet</i> no villainy ne said.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Before some future time; before the end;
eventually; in time.</def>  "He 'll be hanged <i>yet</i>."
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Even; -- used emphatically.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Men may not too rashly believe the confessions of
witches, nor <i>yet</i> the evidence against them.</blockquote>
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yet</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Nevertheless;
notwithstanding; however.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Yet</i> I say unto you, That even Solomon in all his
glory was not arrayed like one of these.</blockquote> <i>Matt. vi.
29.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- See <u>However</u>.</p>

<p><hw>Yeve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To give.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yev"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> <def>Given.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yew</hw> (&umacr;), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Yaw</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yew</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ew</i>, AS.
<i>e&oacute;w</i>, <i>&imacr;w</i>, <i>eoh</i>; akin to D. <i>ijf</i>,
OHG. <i>&imacr;wa</i>, <i>&imacr;ha</i>, G. <i>eibe</i>, Icel.
<i>&ymacr;r</i>; cf. Ir. <i>iubhar</i>, Gael. <i>iubhar</i>,
<i>iughar</i>, W. <i>yw</i>, <i>ywen</i>, Lith. <i>j&euml;va</i> the
black alder tree.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An evergreen tree (<i>Taxus
baccata</i>) of Europe, allied to the pines, but having a peculiar
berrylike fruit instead of a cone. It frequently grows in British
churchyards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The wood of the yew. It is light red in
color, compact, fine-grained, and very elastic. It is preferred to all
other kinds of wood for bows and whipstocks, the best for these
purposes coming from Spain.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>American yew</i> (<i>Taxus baccata</i>, var.
<i>Canadensis</i>) is a low and straggling or prostrate bush, never
forming an erect trunk. The <i>California yew</i> (<i>Taxus
brevifolia</i>) is a good-sized tree, and its wood is used for bows,
spear handles, paddles, and other similar implements. Another yew is
found in Florida, and there are species in Japan and the
Himalayas.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A bow for shooting, made of the
yew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yew</hw> (&umacr;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to yew trees; made of the wood of a yew tree; as, a <i>yew</i>
whipstock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yew"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made of yew; as,
<i>yewen</i> bows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yex</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [OE. <i>&yogh;exen</i>,
<i>yesken</i>, AS. <i>giscian</i> to sob.] <def>To hiccough.</def>
[Written also <i>yox</i>, <i>yux</i>.] [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He <i>yexeth</i> and he speaketh through the
nose.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yex</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>geocsa</i> a sobbing,
hiccough.  Cf. <u>Yex</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>A
hiccough.</def>  [Written also <i>yox</i>, and <i>yux</i>.] [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.] "The excessive <i>yex</i>."  <i>Holland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yez`de*ger"di*an</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to <i>Yezdegerd</i>, the last Sassanian monarch of Persia,
who was overthrown by the Mohammedans; as, the <i>Yezdegerdian</i>
era, which began on the 16th of June, <u>a. d.</u> 632. The era is
still used by the Parsees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yez"di</hw> (y&ebreve;z"d&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Same as <u>Izedi</u>.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Yez"i*dee</hw> (?), <hw>Yez"i*di</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Izedi.</u></def></p>

<p><hw>Y*fere"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Together.  See
<u>Ifere</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>As friends do when they be met
<i>yfere</i>.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yg"dra*syl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scand. Myth.)</i>
<def>See in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Y"ghe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Eye.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y*go"</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Go</u>.
<def>Gone.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y*ground"</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Grind</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y*hold"e</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Hold</u>.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yield</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Yielded</u>; <pos><i>obs. p. p.</i></pos> <u>Yold</u>
(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Yielding</u>.] [OE.
<i>yelden</i>, <i>&yogh;elden</i>, <i>&yogh;ilden</i>, AS.
<i>gieldan</i>, <i>gildan</i>, to pay, give, restore, make an
offering; akin to OFries. <i>jelda</i>, OS. <i>geldan</i>, D.
<i>gelden</i> to cost, to be worth, G. <i>gelten</i>, OHG.
<i>geltan</i> to pay, restore, make an offering, be worth, Icel.
<i>gjalda</i> to pay, give up, Dan. <i>gielde</i> to be worth, Sw.
<i>g&auml;lla</i> to be worth, <i>g&auml;lda</i> to pay, Goth.
<i>gildan</i> in fra<i>gildan</i>, us<i>gildan</i>.  Cf. 1st
<u>Geld</u>, <u>Guild</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To give in return for labor expended; to
produce, as payment or interest on what is expended or invested; to
pay; as, money at interest <i>yields</i> six or seven per
cent.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To <i>yelde</i> Jesu Christ his proper
rent.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>When thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth
<i>yield</i> unto thee her strength.</blockquote> <i>Gen. iv.
12.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To furnish; to afford; to render; to give
forth.</def>  "Vines <i>yield</i> nectar."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>[He] makes milch kine <i>yield</i> blood.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The wilderness <i>yieldeth</i> food for them and for
their children.</blockquote> <i>Job xxiv. 5.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give up, as something that is claimed or
demanded; to make over to one who has a claim or right; to resign; to
surrender; to relinquish; as a city, an opinion, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And, force perforce, I'll make him <i>yield</i> the
crown.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Shall <i>yield</i> up all their virtue, all their
fame.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To admit to be true; to concede; to
allow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>yield</i> it just, said Adam, and
submit.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>To permit; to grant; as, to <i>yield</i>
passage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>To give a reward to; to bless.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Tend me to-night two hours, I ask no more,<BR>
And the gods <i>yield</i> you for 't.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>God <i>yield</i> thee, and God thank ye.</blockquote>
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To yield the breath</b></col>, <col><b>the ghost</b></col>,
or <col><b>the life</b></col>, <cd>to die; to expire; -- often
followed by <i>up</i>.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>One calmly <i>yields</i> his willing
<i>breath</i>.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Yield</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
give up the contest; to submit; to surrender; to succumb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He saw the fainting Grecians <i>yield</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To comply with; to assent; as, I
<i>yielded</i> to his request.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To give way; to cease opposition; to be no
longer a hindrance or an obstacle; as, men readily <i>yield</i> to the
current of opinion, or to customs; the door <i>yielded</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Will ye relent,<BR>
And <i>yield</i> to mercy while 't is offered you?</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>To give place, as inferior in rank or
excellence; as, they will <i>yield</i> to us in nothing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Nay tell me first, in what more happy fields<BR>
The thistle springs, to which the lily <i>yields</i>?</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yield</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Amount yielded;
product; -- applied especially to products resulting from growth or
cultivation.</def>  "A goodly <i>yield</i> of fruit doth bring."
<i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yield"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to
yield or comply.</def> [R.] -- <wf>Yield"a*ble*ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yield"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of producing; yield; as, the <i>yieldance</i> of the
earth.</def>  [R.]  <i>Bp. Hall.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The act of yielding; concession.</def>
[R.]  <i>South.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yield"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
yields.</def>  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yield"ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inclined to give way,
or comply; flexible; compliant; accommodating; as, a <i>yielding</i>
temper.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Yielding and paying</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>the initial
words of that clause in leases in which the rent to be paid by the
lessee is mentioned and reserved.</cd>  <i>Burrill.</i>
</p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Obsequious; attentive.  -- <u>Yielding</u>,
<u>Obsequious</u>, <u>Attentive</u>. In many cases a man may be
<i>attentive</i> or <i>yielding</i> in a high degree without any
sacrifice of his dignity; but he who is <i>obsequious</i> seeks to
gain favor by excessive and mean compliances for some selfish end.</p>

<p>-- <wf>Yield"ing*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Yield"ing*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Yield"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Without yielding;
unyielding.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Yift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gift.</def>  [Obs.]
"Great <i>yiftes</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Chinese weight of
2&frac23; pounds.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1676 !></p>

<p><hw>Yis</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Yes.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>Yis</i>, sir," quod he, "<i>yis</i>,
host."</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yit</hw> (?), <pos><i>conj.</i></pos> <def>Yet.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European yellow-hammer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yive</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To give.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>-yl</hw> (?). [Gr. &?; wood, material.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
suffix used as a characteristic termination of chemical radicals; as
in eth<i>yl</i>, carbon<i>yl</i>, hydrox<i>yl</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>-yl</i> was first used in 1832 by Liebig and W&ouml;hler
in naming <i>benzoyl</i>, in the sense of <i>stuff</i>, or
<i>fundamental material</i>, then in 1834 by Dumas and Peligot in
naming <i>methyl</i>, in the sense of <i>wood</i>. After this <i>-
yl</i> was generally used as in <i>benzoyl</i>, in the sense of
<i>stuff</i>, <i>characteristic ground</i>, <i>fundamental
material</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Yle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Isle.</def>  [Obs.]
"The barren <i>yle</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y" lev`el</hw> (?). <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>See under <u>Y</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Y*liche"</hw> (?), <hw>Y*like"</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a. &
adv.</i></pos> <def>Like; alike.</def>  [Obs.] "All . . .
<i>yliche</i> good."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yl`lan*ra*ton"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the native
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The agouara.</def></p>

<p><hw>Y*mak"ed</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Make</u>.
<def>Made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Y*mel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>prep.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ymel</i>,
<i>imelle</i>, of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. <i>&imacr; milli</i>,
<i>&imacr; millum</i> (properly, in the middle, fr. &?; in +
<i>mi&?;il</i>, <i>me&?;al</i>, middle, akin to E. <i>middle</i>),
Dan. <i>imellem</i>, Sw. <i>emellan</i>.  See <u>In</u>, and
<u>Middle</u>.] <def>Among.</def>  [Obs.] "<i>Ymel</i> them all."
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y*nam"bu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South American tinamou (<i>Rhynchotus rufescens</i>); -- called
also <i>perdiz grande</i>, and <i>rufous tinamou</i>.  See
<i>Illust.</i> of <u>Tinamou</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Y*nough"</hw> (?), <hw>Y*now"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Enough</u>.] <def>Enough.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yock"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Yokel</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The yaffle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yode</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>imp.</i></pos> of Go. [OE.
<i>yode</i>, <i>yede</i>, <i>&yogh;ede</i>, <i>&yogh;eode</i>,
<i>eode</i>, AS. <i>e&oacute;de</i>, used as the imp. of
<i>g&amacr;n</i> to go; akin to Goth. <i>iddja</i> I, he, went, L.
<i>ire</i> to go, Gr. <grk>'ie`nai</grk>, Skr. <i>i</i>,
<i>y&amacr;</i>. &radic;4.  Cf. <u>Issue</u>.] <def>Went; walked;
proceeded.</def>  [Written also <i>yede</i>.] See <u>Yede</u>.</p>

<p><blockquote>Quer [whether] they rade [rode] or
<i>yode</i>.</blockquote> <i>Cursor Mundi.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Then into Cornhill anon I <i>yode</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Lydgate.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Yo"del</hw> (?), <hw>Yo"dle</hw> (?), } <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Yodeled</u>,
<u>Yodled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Yodeling</u>,
<u>Yodling</u>.] [G. <i>jodeln</i>.] <def>To sing in a manner common
among the Swiss and Tyrolese mountaineers, by suddenly changing from
the head voice, or falsetto, to the chest voice, and the contrary; to
warble.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Yo"del</hw>, <hw>Yo"dle</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
song sung by yodeling, as by the Swiss mountaineers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yo"dler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
yodels.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Yo"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>y&omacr;ga</i>
union.] <def>A species of asceticism among the Hindoos, which consists
in a complete abstraction from all worldly objects, by which the
votary expects to obtain union with the universal spirit, and to
acquire superhuman faculties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yo"gi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>y&omacr;gin</i>.]
<def>A follower of the yoga philosophy; an ascetic.</def>  [Spelt also
<i>yokin</i>.]  <i>Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yo"icks</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> <i>(Hunting)</i>
<def>A cry of encouragement to foxhounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yoit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The European yellow-hammer.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Yo"jan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>y&omacr;jana</i>.] <def>A measure of distance, varying from four to
ten miles, but usually about five.</def>  [India] [Written also
<i>yojana</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Yoke</hw> (y&omacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yok</i>,
<i>&yogh;oc</i>, AS. <i>geoc</i>; akin to D. <i>juk</i>, OHG.
<i>joh</i>, G. <i>joch</i>, Icel. &amp; Sw. <i>ok</i>, Dan. <i>aag</i>,
Goth. <i>juk</i>, Lith. <i>jungas</i>, Russ. <i>igo</i>, L.
<i>jugum</i>, Gr. <grk>zy`gon</grk>, Skr. <i>yuga</i>, and to L.
<i>jungere</i> to join, Gr. &?;, Skr. <i>yui</i>. &radic;109, 280.
Cf. <u>Join</u>, <u>Jougs</u>, <u>Joust</u>, <u>Jugular</u>,
<u>Subjugate</u>, <u>Syzygy</u>, <u>Yuga</u>, <u>Zeugma</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A bar or frame of wood by which two oxen
are joined at the heads or necks for working together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A yearling bullock to thy name shall smoke,<BR>
Untamed, unconscious of the galling <i>yoke</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Pope.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The modern yoke for oxen is usually a piece of timber
hollowed, or made curving, near each end, and laid on the necks of the
oxen, being secured in place by two bows, one inclosing each neck, and
fastened through the timber. In some countries the yoke consists of a
flat piece of wood fastened to the foreheads of the oxen by thongs
about the horns.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A frame or piece resembling a yoke, as in
use or shape.</def>  Specifically: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A frame of
wood fitted to a person's shoulders for carrying pails, etc.,
suspended on each side; as, a milkmaid's <i>yoke</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A frame worn on the neck of an animal, as a
cow, a pig, a goose, to prevent passage through a fence.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A frame or convex piece by which a bell is
hung for ringing it.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Bell</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A crosspiece upon the head of a boat's
rudder.  To its ends lines are attached which lead forward so that the
boat can be steered from amidships.</def>  <sd><i>(e)</i></sd>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A bent crosspiece connecting two other
parts.</def>  <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A tie securing
two timbers together, not used for part of a regular truss, but
serving a temporary purpose, as to provide against unusual
strain.</def>  <sd><i>(g)</i></sd> <i>(Dressmaking)</i> <def>A band
shaped to fit the shoulders or the hips, and joined to the upper full
edge of the waist or the skirt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: That which connects or binds; a
chain; a link; a bond connection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Boweth your neck under that blissful <i>yoke</i> . . .
<BR>
Which that men clepeth spousal or wedlock.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>yoke</i> of marriage from us both
remove.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>A mark of servitude; hence, servitude;
slavery; bondage; service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our country sinks beneath the <i>yoke</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My <i>yoke</i> is easy, and my burden is
light.</blockquote> <i>Matt. xi. 30.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <def>Two animals yoked together; a couple; a
pair that work together.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have bought five <i>yoke</i> of oxen, and I go to
prove them.</blockquote> <i>Luke xiv. 19.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>The quantity of land plowed in a day by a
yoke of oxen.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Gardner.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn> <def>A portion of the working day; as, to work
two <i>yokes</i>, that is, to work both portions of the day, or
morning and afternoon.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Halliwell.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Neck yoke</b></col>, <col><b>Pig yoke</b></col>. <cd>See
under <u>Neck</u>, and <u>Pig</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Yoke elm</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>the European hornbeam (<i>Carpinus Betulus</i>), a
small tree with tough white wood, often used for making yokes for
cattle.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Yoke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Yoked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Yoking</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put a yoke on; to join in or with a
yoke; as, to <i>yoke</i> oxen, or pair of oxen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To couple; to join with another.</def>  "Be
ye not unequally <i>yoked</i> with unbelievers."  <i>2 Cor. vi.
14.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Cassius, you are <i>yoked</i> with a lamb.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To enslave; to bring into bondage; to
restrain; to confine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then were they <i>yoked</i> with
garrisons.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The words and promises that <i>yoke</i><BR>
The conqueror are quickly broke.</blockquote> <i>Hudibras.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yoke</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be joined or
associated; to be intimately connected; to consort closely; to
mate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We 'll <i>yoke</i> together, like a double
shadow.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yoke"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Rokeage</u>.</def>  [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Yoke"fel`low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Yoke</i> +
<i>fellow</i>.] <def>An associate or companion in, or as in; a mate; a
fellow; especially, a partner in marriage.</def>  <i>Phil. iv.
3.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The two languages [English and French] became
<i>yokefellows</i> in a still more intimate manner.</blockquote>
<i>Earle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who have most distinguished themselves by railing
at the sex, very often choose one of the most worthless for a
companion and <i>yokefellow</i>.</blockquote> <i>Addison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yo"kel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps from an AS. word
akin to E. <i>gawk</i>.] <def>A country bumpkin.</def>  [Eng.]
<i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yoke"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small farm; --
so called as requiring but one yoke of oxen to till it.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Yoke"mate`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Yokefellow</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yoke"-toed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having two toes in front and two behind, as the trogons and
woodpeckers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yold</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Yield</u>.
<def>Yielded.</def>  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yold"en</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Yield</u>.
<def>Yielded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yolk</hw> (y&omacr;lk <i>or</i> y&omacr;k; 277),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yolke</i>, <i>yelke</i>,
<i>&yogh;olke</i>, <i>&yogh;elke</i>, AS. <i>geoloca</i>,
<i>geoleca</i>, fr. <i>geolu</i> yellow.  See <u>Yellow</u>.] [Written
also <i>yelk</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The yellow part of an egg; the
vitellus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An oily secretion which
naturally covers the wool of sheep.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Yolk cord</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a slender cord
or duct which connects the yolk glands with the egg chambers in
certain insects, as in the aphids.</cd> -- <col><b>Yolk
gland</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a special organ which
secretes the yolk of the eggs in many turbellarians, and in some other
invertebrates.  See <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Hermaphrodite</u> in
Appendix.</cd> -- <col><b>Yolk sack</b></col> <i>(Anat.)</i>, <cd>the
umbilical vesicle.  See under <u>Unbilical</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Yoll</hw> (y&omacr;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
yell.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yon</hw> (y&obreve;n), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yon</i>,
<i>&yogh;on</i>, AS. <i>geon</i>; akin to G. <i>jener</i>, OHG.
<i>jen&emacr;r</i>, Icel. <i>enn</i>, <i>inn</i>; cf. Goth.
<i>jains</i>. &radic;188.  Cf. <u>Beyond</u>, <u>Yond</u>,
<u>Yonder</u>.] <def>At a distance, but within view; yonder.</def>
[Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>Read thy lot in <i>yon</i> celestial sign.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Though fast <i>yon</i> shower be fleeting.</blockquote>
<i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yon</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Yonder.</def>  [Obs. or
Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>But, first and chiefest, with thee bring<BR>
Him that <i>yon</i> soars on golden wing.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yon"co*pin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perhaps corrupted
from Illinois <i>micoupena</i>, Chippewa <i>makopin</i>, the American
lotus.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A local name in parts of the Mississippi
Valley for the American lotus (<i>Nelumbo lutea</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Yond</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. AS. <i>anda</i>,
<i>onda</i>, anger, <i>andian</i> to be angry.] <def>Furious; mad;
angry; fierce.</def>  [Obs.] "Then wexeth wood and <i>yond</i>."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yond</hw>, <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yond</i>,
<i>&yogh;ond</i>, <i>&yogh;eond</i>, through, beyond, over, AS.
<i>geond</i>, adv. &amp; prep.; cf. Goth. <i>jaind</i> thither.
&radic;188.  See <u>Yon</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Yonder.</def>
[Obs.] "<i>Yond</i> in the garden."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yon"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yonder</i>,
<i>&yogh;onder</i>; cf. OD. <i>ginder</i>, Goth. <i>jaindr&?;</i>
there. &?;&?;&?;&?;.  See <u>Yond</u>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos>] <def>At
a distance, but within view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Yonder</i> are two apple women
scolding.</blockquote> <i>Arbuthnot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yon"der</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being at a distance
within view, or conceived of as within view; that or those there;
yon.</def>  "Yon flowery arbors, <i>yonder</i> alleys green."
<i>Milton.</i> "<i>Yonder</i> sea of light." <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Yonder</i> men are too many for an
embassage.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Yo"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>y&?;ni</i>.]
<i>(Hindoo Myth.)</i> <def>The symbol under which Sakti, or the
personification of the female power in nature, is worshiped.  Cf.
<u>Lingam</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yon"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Younker</u>.]
<def>A young fellow; a younker.</def>  [Obs. or Colloq.]  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yore</hw> (y&omacr;r), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>&yogh;ore</i>, <i>yare</i>, <i>&yogh;are</i>, AS.
<i>ge&aacute;ra</i>;akin to <i>ge&aacute;r</i> a year, E. <i>year</i>.
&radic;204.  See <u>Year</u>.] <def>In time long past; in old time;
long since.</def>  [Obs. or Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>As it hath been of olde times <i>yore</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Which though he hath polluted oft and <i>yore</i>,<BR>
Yet I to them for judgment just do fly.</blockquote>
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Of yore</b></col>, <cd>of old time; long ago; as, in times
or days <i>of yore</i>.</cd> "But Satan now is wiser than <i>of
yore</i>."  <i>Pope.</i>
</p>

<p><blockquote>Where Abraham fed his flock <i>of
yore</i>.</blockquote> <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><hw>York"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A
tice.</def></p>

<p><hw>York"shire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A county in the
north of England.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Yorkshire grit</b></col>, <cd>a kind of stone used for
polishing marble, and copperplates for engravers.</cd>
<i>Simmonds.</i> -- <col><b>Yorkshire pudding</b></col>, <cd>a batter
pudding baked under meat.</cd></p>

<p><hw>York" use`</hw> (?). <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The one of the three
printed uses of England which was followed in the north. It was based
on the Sarum use.  See <u>Use</u>, <i>n</i>., 6.</def>
<i>Shipley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yot</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To unite
closely.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Yote</hw> (y&omacr;t), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>&yogh;eoten</i>, <i>&yogh;eten</i>, to pour, AS.
<i>ge&oacute;tan</i>.  See <u>Found</u> to cast.] <def>To pour water
on; to soak in, or mix with, water.</def>  [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
<i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>My fowls, which well enough,<BR>
I, as before, found feeding at their trough<BR>
Their <i>yoted</i> wheat.</blockquote> <i>Chapman.</i></p>

<p><hw>You</hw> (&umacr;), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Possess.</i></pos> <u>Your</u> (&umacr;r) or <u>Yours</u>
(&umacr;rz); <pos><i>dat. &amp; obj.</i></pos> <u>You</u>.] [OE.
<i>you</i>, <i>eou</i>, <i>eow</i>, dat. &amp; acc., AS.
<i>e&oacute;w</i>, used as dat. &amp; acc. of <i>ge</i>, <i>g&emacr;</i>,
ye; akin to OFries. <i>iu</i>, <i>io</i>, D. <i>u</i>, G. <i>euch</i>,
OHG. <i>iu</i>, dat., <i>iuwih</i>, acc., Icel. <i>y&eth;r</i>, dat. &
acc., Goth. <i>izwis</i>; of uncertain origin. &radic;189.  Cf.
<u>Your</u>.] <def>The pronoun of the second person, in the
nominative, dative, and objective case, indicating the person or
persons addressed.  See the Note under <u>Ye</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ye go to Canterbury; God <i>you</i> speed.</blockquote>
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Good sir, I do in friendship counsel <i>you</i><BR>
To leave this place.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In vain <i>you</i> tell your parting lover<BR>
<i>You</i> wish fair winds may waft him over.</blockquote>
<i>Prior.</i></p>

<p>&fist; Though <i>you</i> is properly a plural, it is in all
ordinary discourse used also in addressing a single person, yet
properly always with a plural verb. "Are <i>you</i> he that hangs the
verses on the trees, wherein Rosalind is so admired ?" <i>Shak.</i>
   <i>You</i> and <i>your</i> are sometimes used indefinitely, like
<i>we</i>, <i>they</i>, <i>one</i>, to express persons not specified.
"The looks at a distance like a new-plowed land; but as <i>you</i>
come near it, <i>you</i> see nothing but a long heap of heavy,
disjointed clods." <i>Addison.</i> "<i>Your</i> medalist and critic
are much nearer related than the world imagine." <i>Addison.</i> "It
is always pleasant to be forced to do what <i>you</i> wish to do, but
what, until pressed, <i>you</i> dare not attempt." <i>Hook.</i>
   <i>You</i> is often used reflexively for <i>yourself</i> of
<i>yourselves</i>. "Your highness shall repose <i>you</i> at the
tower."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Youl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To yell; to
yowl.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Young</hw> (y&ubreve;ng), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Younger</u> (y&ubreve;&nsm;"g&etilde;r);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Youngest</u> (-g&ebreve;st).] [OE.
<i>yung</i>, <i>yong</i>, <i>&yogh;ong</i>, <i>&yogh;ung</i>, AS.
<i>geong</i>; akin to OFries. <i>iung</i>, <i>iong</i>, D.
<i>joing</i>, OS., OHG., &amp; G. <i>jung</i>, Icel. <i>ungr</i>, Sw. &
Dan. <i>ung</i>, Goth. <i>juggs</i>, Lith. <i>jaunas</i>, Russ.
<i>iunuii</i>, L. <i>juvencus</i>, <i>juvenis</i>, Skr.
<i>juva&ccedil;a</i>, <i>juvan</i>. &radic;281.  Cf. <u>Junior</u>,
<u>Juniper</u>, <u>Juvenile</u>, <u>Younker</u>, <u>Youth</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Not long born; still in the first part of
life; not yet arrived at adolescence, maturity, or age; not old;
juvenile; -- said of animals; as, a <i>young</i> child; a <i>young</i>
man; a <i>young</i> fawn.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>For he so <i>young</i> and tender was of
age.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>"Whom the gods love, die <i>young</i>," has been too
long carelessly said; . . . whom the gods love, live <i>young</i>
forever.</blockquote> <i>Mrs. H. H. Jackson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Being in the first part, pr period, of
growth; as, a <i>young</i> plant; a <i>young</i> tree.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While the fears of the people were
<i>young</i>.</blockquote> <i>De Foe.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Having little experience; inexperienced;
unpracticed; ignorant; weak.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Come, come, elder brother, you are too <i>young</i> in
this.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Young</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The offspring of animals,
either a single animal or offspring collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[The egg] bursting with kindly rupture, forth
disclosed<BR>
Their callow <i>young</i>.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>With young</b></col>, <cd>with child; pregnant.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Young"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
younger; an inferior in age; a junior.</def>  "The elder shall serve
the <i>younger</i>."  <i>Rom. ix. 12.</i></p>

<p><hw>Young"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
young.</def>  <i>Tatler.</i></p>

<p><hw>Young"ling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>geongling</i>.] <def>A young person; a youth; also, any animal in
its early life.</def>  "More dear . . . than <i>younglings</i> to
their dam."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He will not be so willing, I think, to join with you as
with us <i>younglings</i>.</blockquote> <i>Ridley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Young"ling</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Young;
youthful.</def>  <i>Wordsworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Young"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>geonglic</i>.]
<def>Like a young person or thing; young; youthful.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Young"ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a young manner; in the period of youth; early in life.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Ignorantly; weakly.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Young"ness</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or state
of being young.</def></p>

<p><hw>Young"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A young person;
a youngling; a lad.</def>  [Colloq.] "He felt himself quite a
<i>youngster</i>, with a long life before him."  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Youngth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Youth.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Youngth</i> is a bubble blown up with
breath.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Youngth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to, or
resembling, youth; youthful.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Youn"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>jonker</i>,
<i>jonkeer</i>; <i>jong</i> young + <i>heer</i> a lord, sir,
gentleman.  See <u>Young</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A young
person; a stripling; a yonker.</def>  [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That same <i>younker</i> soon was
overthrown.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>You"pon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Yaupon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Your</hw> (&umacr;r), <pos><i>pron. &amp; a.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>your</i>, <i>&yogh;our</i>, <i>eowr</i>, <i>eower</i>, AS.
<i>e&oacute;wer</i>, originally used as the gen. of <i>ge</i>,
<i>g&emacr;</i>, ye; akin to OFries. <i>iuwer</i> your, OS.
<i>iuwar</i>, D. <i>uw</i>, OHG. <i>iuw&emacr;r</i>, G. <i>euer</i>,
Icel. <i>y&eth;ar</i>, Goth. <i>izwara</i>, <i>izwar</i>, and E.
<i>you</i>. &radic;189.  See <u>You</u>.] <def>The form of the
possessive case of the personal pronoun <i>you</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The possessive takes the form <i>yours</i> when the noun to
which it refers is not expressed, but implied; as, this book is
<i>yours</i>. "An old fellow of <i>yours</i>."  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yours</hw> (&uuml;rz), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>See the
Note under <u>Your</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Your*self"</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Yourselves</b></plw> (#). [<i>Your</i> + <i>self</i>.] <def>An
emphasized or reflexive form of the pronoun of the second person; --
used as a subject commonly with <i>you</i>; as, you <i>yourself</i>
shall see it; also, alone in the predicate, either in the nominative
or objective case; as, you have injured <i>yourself</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Of which right now ye han <i>yourselve</i>
heard.</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>If <i>yourselves</i> are old, make it your
cause.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Why should you be so cruel to <i>yourself</i>
?</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The religious movement which you <i>yourself</i>, as
well as I, so faithfully followed from first to last.</blockquote>
<i>J. H. Newman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Youth</hw> (&umacr;th), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Youths</b></plw> (&umacr;ths; 264) or <i>collectively</i>
<plw><b>Youth</b></plw>. [OE. <i>youthe</i>, <i>youh&thorn;e</i>,
<i>&yogh;uhe&eth;e</i>, <i>&yogh;uwe&eth;e</i>,
<i>&yogh;eo&yogh;e&eth;e</i>, AS. <i>geogu&eth;</i>,
<i>geogo&eth;</i>; akin to OS. <i>jug&eth;</i>, D. <i>jeugd</i>, OHG.
<i>jugund</i>, G. <i>jugend</i>, Goth. <i>junda</i>.
<i>&radic;281</i>.  See <u>Young</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The quality or state of being young;
youthfulness; juvenility.</def>  "In my flower of <i>youth</i>."
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Such as in his face<BR>
<i>Youth</i> smiled celestial.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The part of life that succeeds to
childhood; the period of existence preceding maturity or age; the
whole early part of life, from childhood, or, sometimes, from infancy,
to manhood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He wondered that your lordship<BR>
Would suffer him to spend his <i>youth</i> at home.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Those who pass their <i>youth</i> in vice are justly
condemned to spend their age in folly.</blockquote>
<i>Rambler.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A young person; especially, a young
man.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Seven <i>youths</i> from Athens yearly
sent.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <def>Young persons, collectively.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is fit to read the best authors to <i>youth</i>
first.</blockquote> <i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1677 !></p>

<p><hw>Youth"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not yet mature or aged; young.</def>  "Two <i>youthful</i>
knights." <i>Dryden.</i> <def>Also used figuratively.</def>  "The
<i>youthful</i> season of the year."  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Of or pertaining to the early part of life;
suitable to early life; as, <i>youthful</i> days; <i>youthful</i>
sports.</def> "Warm, <i>youthful</i> blood." <i>Shak.</i>
"<i>Youthful</i> thoughts."  <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fresh; vigorous, as in youth.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After millions of millions of ages . . . still
<i>youthful</i> and flourishing.</blockquote> <i>Bentley.</i></p>

<p><b>Syn.</b> -- Puerile; juvenile.  -- <u>Youthful</u>,
<u>Puerile</u>, <u>Juvenile</u>. <i>Puerile</i> is always used in a
bad sense, or at least in the sense of what is suitable to a boy only;
as, <i>puerile</i> objections, <i>puerile</i> amusements, etc.
<i>Juvenile</i> is sometimes taken in a bad sense, as when speaking of
youth in contrast with manhood; as, <i>juvenile</i> tricks; a
<i>juvenile</i> performance. <i>Youthful</i> is commonly employed in a
good sense; as, <i>youthful</i> aspirations; or at least by way of
extenuating; as, <i>youthful</i> indiscretions. "Some men, imagining
themselves possessed with a divine fury, often fall into toys and
trifles, which are only <i>puerilities</i>." <i>Dryden.</i> "Raw,
<i>juvenile</i> writers imagine that, by pouring forth figures often,
they render their compositions warm and animated."  <i>Blair.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Youth"ful*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Youth"ful*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Youth"hood</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>geogu&eth;h&amacr;d</i>.  See <u>Youth</u>, and <u>-hood</u>.]
<def>The quality or state of being a youth; the period of youth.</def>
<i>Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Youth"ly</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [AS. <i>geogu&eth;lic</i>.]
<def>Young; youthful.</def>  [Obs.] "All my <i>youthly</i> days."
<i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Youth"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Youthful.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Pepys.</i></p>

<p><hw>Youth"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Young.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p><hw>Youze</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From a native East Indian
name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The cheetah.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yow</hw> (?), <pos><i>pron.</i></pos> <def>You.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yowe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Ewe</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A ewe.</def>  [Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.]  <i>G.
Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yowl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Yawl</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To utter a loud, long, and mournful cry,
as a dog; to howl; to yell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yowl</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A loud, protracted, and
mournful cry, as that of a dog; a howl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yow"ley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Yellow</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The European yellow-hammer.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Yox</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Yex</u>.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y*pight"</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
<u>Pitch</u>. <def>See <u>Pight</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yp"o*cras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hippocras.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y"pres lace`</hw> (?). <def>Fine bobbin lace made at
<i>Ypres</i> in Belgium, usually exactly like Valenciennes
lace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yp*sil"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; &?; the
name of the letter &?; + <i>-form</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Resembling
the &?; in appearance; -- said of the germinal spot in the ripe egg at
one of the stages of fecundation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yp"si*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>In the form of the letter <u>Y</u>; <u>Y-</u>shaped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Y*raft"</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Reave</u>.
<def>Bereft.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yr"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Iron.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y*ron"ne</hw> (?), obs. <pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of <u>Run</u>.
<def>Run.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y*same"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [See <u>Same</u>.]
<def>Together.</def>  [Obs.] "And in a bag all sorts of seeds
<i>ysame</i>."  <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Y<supr>t</supr></hw>, <hw>Yt</hw> (&thlig;&abreve;t) },
<def>an old method of printing <i>that</i> (AS.
<i>&thorn;&aelig;t</i>, <i>&eth;&aelig;t</i>) the "y" taking the place
of the old letter "thorn" (&thorn;).  Cf. <u>Ye</u>, the.</def></p>

<p><hw>Y*throwe"</hw> (?), obs. <def><pos><i>p. p.</i></pos> of
Throw.</def>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yt*ter"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or derived from, ytterbium; containing
ytterbium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yt*ter"bi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Ytterby</i>, in Sweden.  See <u>Erbium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
rare element of the boron group, sometimes associated with yttrium or
other related elements, as in euxenite and gadolinite. Symbol Yb;
provisional atomic weight 173.2.  Cf. <u>Yttrium</u>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Ytterbium is associated with other rare elements, and
probably has not been prepared in a pure state.
</p>

<p><hw>Yt"tri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.  See
<u>Yttrium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The oxide,
Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, or earth, of yttrium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yt"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, yttrium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yt*trif"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Bearing or
containing yttrium or the allied elements; as, gadolinite is one of
the <i>yttriferous</i> minerals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yt"tri*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Yttric</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yt"tri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from
<i>Ytter</i>by, in Sweden.  See <u>Erbium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
rare metallic element of the boron-aluminium group, found in
gadolinite and other rare minerals, and extracted as a dark gray
powder.  Symbol Y.  Atomic weight, 89.</def>  [Written also
<i>ittrium</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; Associated with yttrium are certain rare elements, as
erbium, ytterbium, samarium, etc., which are separated in a pure state
with great difficulty. They are studied by means of their spark or
phosphorescent spectra. Yttrium is now regarded as probably not a
simple element, but as a mixture of several substances.</p>

<p><hw>Yt`tro-ce"rite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral of a violet-blue color, inclining to gray and white. It
is a hydrous fluoride of cerium, yttrium, and calcium.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Yt`tro-co*lum"bite</hw> (?), <hw>Yt`tro-tan"ta*lite</hw> (?),
} <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A tantalate of uranium,
yttrium, and calcium, of a brown or black color.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Yu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Jade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yuc"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Flicker</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Yuc"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from <i>Yuca</i>,
its name in St. Domingo.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of American
liliaceous, sometimes arborescent, plants having long, pointed, and
often rigid, leaves at the top of a more or less woody stem, and
bearing a large panicle of showy white blossoms.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The species with more rigid leaves (as <i>Yucca
aloifolia</i>, <i>Y. Treculiana</i>, and <i>Y. baccata</i>) are called
<i>Spanish bayonet</i>, and one with softer leaves  (<i>Y.
filamentosa</i>) is called <i>bear grass</i>, and <i>Adam's
needle</i>.</p>

<p><col><b>Yucca moth</b></col> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>a small
silvery moth (<i>Pronuba yuccasella</i>) whose larv&aelig; feed on
plants of the genus Yucca.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Yuck</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>jucken</i>,
D. <i>yeuken</i>, <i>joken</i>.  See <u>Itch</u>.] <def>To itch.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Grose.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yuck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To scratch.</def>
[Prov. Eng.]  <i>Wright.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yuck"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Yockel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yu"en</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The crowned gibbon (<i>Hylobates pileatus</i>), native of Siam,
Southern China, and the Island of Hainan. It is entirely arboreal in
its habits, and has very long arms. the males are dark brown or
blackish, with a caplike mass of long dark hair, and usually with a
white band around the face. The females are yellowish white, with a
dark spot on the breast and another on the crown. Called also
<i>wooyen</i>, and <i>wooyen ape</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yufts</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>iufte</i>.]
<def>Russia leather.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Yug</hw> (?), <hw>||Yu"ga</hw> (?), } <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Skr. <i>yuga</i> an age, a yoke.  See <u>Yoke</u>.] <i>(Hindoo
Cosmog.)</i> <def>Any one of the four ages, <i>Krita</i>, or
<i>Satya</i>, <i>Treta</i>, <i>Dwapara</i>, and <i>Kali</i>, into
which the Hindoos divide the duration or existence of the
world.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yuke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Yuck</u>.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Yu"lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
species of Magnolia (<i>M. conspicua</i>) with large white blossoms
that open before the leaves.  See the Note under
<u>Magnolia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>yol</i>,
<i>&yogh;ol</i>, AS. <i>ge&oacute;l</i>; akin to <i>ge&oacute;la</i>
December or January, Icel. <i>j&omacr;l</i> Yule, <i>Ylir</i> the name
of a winter month, Sw. <i>jul</i> Christmas, Dan. <i>juul</i>, Goth.
<i>jiuleis</i> November or December.  Cf. <u>Jolly</u>.]
<def>Christmas or Christmastide; the feast of the Nativity of our
Savior.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>And at each pause they kiss; was never seen such
rule<BR>
In any place but here, at bonfire, or at <i>Yule</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Drayton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Yule block</b></col>, or <col><b>Yule log</b></col>, <cd>a
large log of wood formerly put on the hearth of Christmas eve, as the
foundation of the fire. It was brought in with much ceremony.</cd> --
<col><b>Yule clog</b></col>, <cd>the yule log.</cd>  <i>Halliwell. W.
Irving.</i>
</p>

<p><hw>Yule"tide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Christmas time;
Christmastide; the season of Christmas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yu"mas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Yuma</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe of
Indians native of Arizona and the adjacent parts of Mexico and
California. They are agricultural, and cultivate corn, wheat, barley,
melons, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The a wider sense, the term sometimes includes the Mohaves
and other allied tribes.</p>

<p><hw>||Yunx</hw> (y&ubreve;&nsm;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>'i`ygx</grk> the wryneck.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus
of birds comprising the wrynecks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yu"pon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same
as <u>Yaupon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yux</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Yex</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Y"vel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Evil;
ill.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y*war"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Aware</u>.]
<def>Aware; wary.</def>  [Obs.] "Be <i>ywar</i>, and his way shun."
<i>Piers Plowman.</i></p>

<p><hw>Y*wis"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [OE. <i>ywis</i>,
<i>iwis</i>, AS. <i>gewis</i> certain; akin to D. <i>gewis</i>, G.
<i>gewiss</i>, and E. <i>wit</i> to know.  See <u>Wit</u> to know, and
<u>Y-</u>.] <def>Certainly; most likely; truly; probably.</def>  [Obs.
or Archaic]</p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>Ywis</i>," quod he, "it is full dear, I
say."</blockquote> <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>She answered me, "<i>I-wisse</i>, all their sport in
the park is but a shadow to that pleasure that I find in
Plato."</blockquote> <i>Ascham.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A right good knight, and true of word
<i>ywis</i>.</blockquote> <i>Spenser.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The common form <i>iwis</i> was often written with the
prefix apart from the rest of the word and capitalized, as, <i>I
wis</i>, <i>I wisse</i>, etc. The prefix was mistaken for the pronoun,
<i>I</i> and <i>wis</i>, <i>wisse</i>, for a form of the verb
<i>wit</i> to know.  See <u>Wis</u>, and cf. <u>Wit</u>, to know.</p>

<p><blockquote>Our ship, <i>I wis</i>,<BR>
Shall be of another form than this.</blockquote>
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><point26>Z.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Z</hw> (z&emacr;; <i>in England commonly, and in America
sometimes</i>, z&ebreve;d; <i>formerly, also</i>,
&ibreve;z"z&ebreve;rd) <def>Z, the twenty-sixth and last letter of the
English alphabet, is a vocal consonant. It is taken from the Latin
letter Z, which came from the Greek alphabet, this having it from a
Semitic source. The ultimate origin is probably Egyptian.
Etymologically, it is most closely related to <i>s</i>, <i>y</i>, and
<i>j</i>; as in gla<i>ss</i>, gla<i>z</i>e; E. <i>y</i>oke, Gr. &?;,
L. <i>y</i>ugum; E. <i>z</i>ealous, <i>j</i>ealous.  See <i>Guide to
Pronunciation</i>, &sect;&sect; 273, 274.</def></p>

<p><hw>Za</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>An old
solfeggio name for B flat; the seventh harmonic, as heard in the or
&aelig;olian string; -- so called by Tartini. It was long considered a
false, but is the true note of the chord of the flat seventh.</def>
<i>H. W. Poole.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Za"ba*ism</hw> (?), <hw>Za"bism</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Sabianism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Za"bi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sabian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zac"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>See
<u>Zocco</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Za*chun"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
oil pressed by the Arabs from the fruit of a small thorny tree
(<i>Balanites &AElig;gyptiaca</i>), and sold to piligrims for a
healing ointment.</def>  <i>J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Zaer"the</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Z&auml;rthe</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zaf"fer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>zafre</i>,
<i>safre</i>; cf. Sp. <i>zafra</i>, <i>safra</i>, It. <i>saffera</i>,
G. <i>zaffer</i>; all probably of Arabic origin.  Cf. <u>Zaphara</u>.]
<def>A pigment obtained, usually by roasting cobalt glance with sand
or quartz, as a dark earthy powder. It consists of crude cobalt oxide,
or of an impure cobalt arseniate. It is used in porcelain painting,
and in enameling pottery, to produce a blue color, and is often
confounded with smalt, from which, however, it is distinct, as it
contains no potash. The name is often loosely applied to mixtures of
zaffer proper with silica, or oxides of iron, manganese, etc.</def>
[Written also <i>zaffre</i>, and formerly <i>zaffree</i>,
<i>zaffar</i>, <i>zaffir</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Zaim</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. &amp; Ar.
<i>za'&imacr;m</i>.] <def>A Turkish chief who supports a mounted
militia bearing the same name.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Zaim"et</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. &amp; Ar.
<i>za'&imacr;met</i>.] <def>A district from which a Zaim draws his
revenue.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zain</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A horse of a dark
color, neither gray nor white, and having no spots.</def>
<i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Za*lamb"do*dont</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to a tribe
(<i>Zalambdodonta</i>) of Insectivora in which the molar teeth have
but one V-shaped ridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Za*lamb"do*dont</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the
<i>Zalambdodonta</i>. The tenrec, solenodon, and golden moles are
examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Za*mang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
immense leguminous tree (<i>Pithecolobium Saman</i>) of Venezuela. Its
branches form a hemispherical mass, often one hundred and eighty feet
across. The sweet pulpy pods are used commonly for feeding cattle.
Also called <i>rain tree</i>.</def>  <i>J. Smith (Dict. Econ.
Plants).</i></p>

<p><hw>Zam"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Zambos</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Sambo</u>.] <def>The child of a
mulatto and a negro; also, the child of an Indian and a negro;
colloquially or humorously, a negro; a sambo.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Za"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>zamia</i> a
kind of fir cone, from Gr. &?;, &?;, hurt, damage.  See Plin. xvi.
44.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of cycadaceous plants, having the
appearance of low palms, but with exogenous wood.  See <u>Coontie</u>,
and <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Strobile</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zam`in*dar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>zem&imacr;nd&amacr;r</i>, <i>zam&imacr;nd&amacr;r</i>, a
landholder, Per. <i>zam&imacr;nd&amacr;r</i>; <i>zam&imacr;n</i> land
<i>d&amacr;r</i> holding.] <def>A landowner; also, a collector of land
revenue; now, usually, a kind of feudatory recognized as an actual
proprietor so long as he pays to the government a certain fixed
revenue.</def>  [Written also <i>zemindar</i>.] [India]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Zam"in*da*ry</hw> (?), <hw>Zam"in*da*ri</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The jurisdiction of a zamindar; the land
possessed by a zamindar.</def>  [Written also <i>zemindary</i>,
<i>zemindari</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Za"mite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A
fossil cycad of the genus Zamia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Za*mouse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From a native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A West African buffalo (<i>Bubalus
brachyceros</i>) having short horns depressed at the base, and large
ears fringed internally with three rows of long hairs. It is destitute
of a dewlap. Called also <i>short-horned buffalo</i>, and <i>bush
cow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zam*po"gna</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A sort of bagpipe formerly in use among Italian peasants. It is
now almost obsolete.</def>  [Written also <i>zampugna</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Zan"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>zand</i>
sand.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European pike perch (<i>Stizostedion
lucioperca</i>) allied to the wall-eye; -- called also <i>sandari</i>,
<i>sander</i>, <i>sannat</i>, <i>schill</i>, and
<i>zant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zand"mole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. D. <i>zand</i>
sand.  See <u>Sand</u>, and <u>Mole</u> the animal.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The sand mole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zan"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Zantewood</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zan"te cur"rant</hw> (?). <def>A kind of seedless grape or
raisin; -- so called from <i>Zante</i>, one of the Ionian
Islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zan"te*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A yellow dyewood; fustet; -- called also
<i>zante</i>, and <i>zante fustic</i>.  See <u>Fustet</u>, and the
Note under <u>Fustic</u>.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Satinwood
(<i>Chloroxylon Swietenia</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Zan"ti*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or
inhabitant of Zante, one of the Ionian Islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Za"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Zanies</b></plw> (#). [It. <i>zanni</i> a buffoon, merry-
andrew, orig. same as <i>Giovanni</i> John, <i>i. e.</i>, merry John,
L. <i>Ioannes</i>, Gr. &?;, Heb. <i>Y&omacr;kh&amacr;n&amacr;n</i>,
prop., the Lord graciously gave: cf. F. <i>zani</i>, fr. the Italian.
Cf. <u>Jenneting</u>.] <def>A merry-andrew; a buffoon.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then write that I may follow, and so be<BR>
Thy echo, thy debtor, thy foil, thy <i>zany</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Donne.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Preacher at once, and <i>zany</i> of thy
age.</blockquote> <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1678 !></p>

<p><hw>Za"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To mimic.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Your part is acted; give me leave at distance<BR>
To <i>zany</i> it.</blockquote> <i>Massinger.</i></p>

<p><hw>Za"ny*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or
character of a zany; buffoonery.</def>  <i>Coleridge.</i>  <i>H.
Morley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zaph"a*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Zaffer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Za*phren"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>An extinct genus of cyathophylloid corals common
in the Paleozoic formations. It is cup-shaped with numerous septa, and
with a deep pit in one side of the cup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zap`o*til"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>See <u>Sapodilla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zap"ti*ah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Turkish
policeman.</def>  [Written also <i>zaptieh</i>.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Zar`a*thus"tri*an</hw> (?), <hw>Zar`a*thus"tric</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Zarathustra, or
Zoroaster; Zoroastrian.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zar`a*thus"trism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Zoroastrianism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zar"a*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> [Named
after Gen. <i>Zarata</i> of Spain.] <def>A hydrous carbonate of nickel
occurring as an emerald-green incrustation on chromite; -- called also
<i>emerald nickel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Za*re"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An
improvised stockade; especially, one made of thorn bushes, etc.</def>
[Written also <i>zareeba</i>, and <i>zeriba</i>.] [Egypt]</p>

<p><blockquote>"Ah," he moralizes, "what wonderful instinct on the
part of this little creature to surround itself with a <i>zareba</i>
like the troops after Osman Digma."</blockquote> <i>R.
Jefferies.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zar"nich</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Ar. <i>az-
zern&imacr;kh</i>, fr. Gr. &?;.  See <u>Arsenic</u>.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Native sulphide of arsenic, including sandarach, or realgar, and
orpiment.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Z&auml;r"the</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A European bream (<i>Abramis
vimba</i>).</def>  [Written also <i>zaerthe</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Za"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A species of macaque (<i>Macacus pileatus</i>) native of India
and Ceylon. It has a crown of long erect hair, and tuft of radiating
hairs on the back of the head. Called also <i>capped
macaque</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zau*schne"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., named for
M. <i>Zauschner</i>, a Bohemian botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of flowering plants.  <i>Zauschneria Californica</i> is a
suffrutescent perennial, with showy red flowers much resembling those
of the garden fuchsia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zax</hw> (z&abreve;ks), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tool for
trimming and puncturing roofing slates.</def>  [Written also
<i>sax</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Za"yat</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A public
shed, or portico, for travelers, worshipers, etc.</def>  [Burmah]</p>

<p><hw>||Ze"a</hw> (z&emacr;"&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a kind
of grain, fr. Gr. <grk>ze`a</grk>, <grk>zeia`</grk>; cf. Skr.
<i>yava</i> barley.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of large grasses of
which the Indian corn (<i>Zea Mays</i>) is the only species known. Its
origin is not yet ascertained.  See <u>Maize</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zeal</hw> (z&emacr;l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>z&egrave;le</i>; cf. Pg. &amp; It. <i>zelo</i>, Sp. <i>zelo</i>,
<i>celo</i>; from L. <i>zelus</i>, Gr. &?;, probably akin to &?;  to
boil.  Cf. <u>Yeast</u>, <u>Jealous</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Passionate ardor in the pursuit of
anything; eagerness in favor of a person or cause; ardent and active
interest; engagedness; enthusiasm; fervor.</def>  "Ambition varnished
o'er with <i>zeal</i>." <i>Milton.</i>  "<i>Zeal</i>, the blind
conductor of the will." <i>Dryden.</i>  "<i>Zeal's</i> never-dying
fire." <i>Keble.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I bear them record that they have a <i>zeal</i> of God,
but not according to knowledge.</blockquote> <i>Rom. x. 2.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>zeal</i> for liberty is sometimes an eagerness to
subvert with little care what shall be established.</blockquote>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A zealot.</def>  [Obs.]  <i>B.
Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zeal</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be zealous.</def>
[Obs. &amp; R.]  <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zeal"ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
zealous; a zealot; an enthusiast.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><blockquote>To certain <i>zealants</i>, all speech of pacification
is odious.</blockquote> <i>Bacon.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zealed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of zeal;
characterized by zeal.</def>  [Obs.] "<i>Zealed</i> religion."
<i>Beau. &amp; Fl.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zeal"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of
zeal.</def>  [R.]  <i>Sylvester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zeal"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wanting
zeal.</def>  <i>Hammond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zeal"ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>z&eacute;lote</i>, L. <i>zelotes</i>, Gr. &?;.  See <u>Zeal</u>.]
<def>One who is zealous; one who engages warmly in any cause, and
pursues his object with earnestness and ardor; especially, one who is
overzealous, or carried away by his zeal; one absorbed in devotion to
anything; an enthusiast; a fanatical partisan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Zealots</i> for the one [tradition] were in hostile
array against <i>zealots</i> for the other.</blockquote> <i>Sir J.
Stephen.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In Ayrshire, Clydesdale, Nithisdale, Annandale, every
parish was visited by these turbulent <i>zealots</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zea*lot"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Like, or
suitable to, a zealot; ardently zealous.</def>  [R.]
<i>Strype.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zeal"ot*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character
or conduct of a zealot; zealotry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zeal"ot*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A zealot.</def>
[Obs.]  <i>Howell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zeal"ot*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The character
and behavior of a zealot; excess of zeal; fanatical devotion to a
cause.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Enthusiasm, visionariness, seems the tendency of the
German; zeal, <i>zealotry</i>, of the English; fanaticism, of the
French.</blockquote> <i>Coleridge.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zeal"ous</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>zelosus</i>.  See <u>Zeal</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Filled with, or characterized by, zeal;
warmly engaged, or ardent, in behalf of an object.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He may be <i>zealous</i> in the salvation of
souls.</blockquote> <i>Law.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Filled with religious zeal.</def>  [Obs.]
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Zeal"ous*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Zeal"ous*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ze"bec</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>See
<u>Xebec</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ze"bra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>zebra</i>; cf.
Sp. <i>cebra</i>; probably from a native African name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Either one of two species of South African
wild horses remarkable for having the body white or yellowish white,
and conspicuously marked with dark brown or brackish bands.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The true or mountain zebra (<i>Equus, or Asinus, zebra</i>)
is nearly white, and the bands which cover the body and legs are
glossy black. Its tail has a tuft of black hair at the tip. It
inhabits the mountains of Central and Southern Africa, and is noted
for its wariness and wildness, as well as for its swiftness. The
second species (<i>Equus, or Asinus, Burchellii</i>), known as
<i>Burchell's zebra</i>, and <i>dauw</i>, inhabits the grassy plains
of South Africa, and differs from the preceding in not having dark
bands on the legs, while those on the body are more irregular. It has
a long tail, covered with long white flowing hair.</p>

<p><col><b>Zebra caterpillar</b></col>, <cd>the larva of an American
noctuid moth (<i>Mamestra picta</i>). It is light yellow, with a broad
black stripe on the back and one on each side; the lateral stripes are
crossed with withe lines. It feeds on cabbages, beets, clover, and
other cultivated plants.</cd> -- <col><b>Zebra opossum</b></col>,
<cd>the zebra wolf.  See under <u>Wolf</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Zebra
parrakeet</b></col>, <cd>an Australian grass parrakeet, often kept as
a cage bird. Its upper parts are mostly pale greenish yellow,
transversely barred with brownish black crescents; the under parts,
rump, and upper tail coverts, are bright green; two central tail
feathers and the cheek patches are blue. Called also <i>canary
parrot</i>, <i>scallop parrot</i>, <i>shell parrot</i>, and
<i>undulated parrot</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Zebra poison</b></col>
<i>(Bot.)</i>, <cd>a poisonous tree (<i>Euphorbia arborea</i>) of the
Spurge family, found in South Africa. Its milky juice is so poisonous
that zebras have been killed by drinking water in which its branches
had been placed, and it is also used as an arrow poison.</cd> <i>J.
Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).</i> -- <col><b>Zebra shark</b></col>.
<cd>Same as <i>Tiger shark</i>, under <u>Tiger</u>.</cd> --
<col><b>Zebra spider</b></col>, <cd>a hunting spider.</cd> --
<col><b>Zebra swallowtail</b></col>, <cd>a very large North American
swallow-tailed butterfly (<i>Iphiclides ajax</i>), in which the wings
are yellow, barred with black; -- called also <i>ajax</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Zebra wolf</b></col>. <cd>See under <u>Wolf</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ze"bra*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A kind of cabinet wood having beautiful black, brown, and whitish
stripes, the timber of a tropical American tree (<i>Connarus
Guianensis</i>).</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The wood of a small
West Indian myrtaceous tree (<i>Eugenia fragrans</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The wood of an East Indian tree of the genus
<i>Guettarda</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ze"brine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, the zebra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ze"bu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [&?;. <i>z&eacute;bu</i>;
of uncertain origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bovine mammal (<i>Ros
Indicus</i>) extensively domesticated in India, China, the East
Indies, and East Africa. It usually has short horns, large pendulous
ears, slender legs, a large dewlap, and a large, prominent hump over
the shoulders; but these characters vary in different domestic breeds,
which range in size from that of the common ox to that of a large
mastiff.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some of the varieties are used as beasts of burden, and some
fore for riding, while others are raised for their milk and flesh. The
Brahmin bull, regarded as sacred by the Hindoos, also belongs to this
species. The male is called also <i>Indian bull</i>, <i>Indian ox</i>,
<i>Madras ox</i>, and <i>sacred bull</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Ze"bub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large noxious fly of Abyssinia, which like the tsetse fly, is
destructive to cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ze"chin</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sequin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zech"stein`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr., fr.
<i>zeche</i> a mine + <i>stein</i> a stone.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The
upper division of the Permian (Dyas) of Europe. The prevailing rock is
a magnesian limestone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zed</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., probably through It.
<i>zeta</i>, fr. L. <i>zeta</i>.  See <u>Zeta</u>.] <def>The letter
<u>Z</u>; -- called also <i>zee</i>, and formerly <i>izzard</i>.</def>
"<i>Zed</i>, thou unnecessary letter!"  <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zed"o*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>z&eacute;doaire</i>, LL. <i>zedoaria</i>; cf. It. <i>zedoaria</i>,
<i>zettovario</i>, Pg. <i>zedoaria</i>, Sp. <i>zedoaria</i>,
<i>cedoaria</i>; all fr. Ar. &amp; Per. <i>zedw&?;r</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A medicinal substance obtained in the East Indies, having a
fragrant smell, and a warm, bitter, aromatic taste. It is used in
medicine as a stimulant.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is the rhizome of different species of <i>Curcuma</i>,
esp. <i>C. zedoaria</i>, and comes in short, firm pieces, externally
of a wrinkled gray, ash-colored appearance, but within of a brownish
red color. There are two kinds, round zedoary, and long zedoary.</p>

<p><hw>||Zee"koe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D., sea cow, lake
cow.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A hippopotamus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zeh"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>An Austrian
silver coin equal to ten kreutzers, or about five cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ze"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>z&eacute;&iuml;ne</i>.  See <u>Zea</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
nitrogenous substance of the nature of gluten, obtained from the seeds
of Indian corn (<i>Zea</i>) as a soft, yellowish, amorphous
substance.</def>  [Formerly written <i>zeine</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Zem`in*dar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Zamindar</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Zem"in*da*ry</hw> (?), <hw>||Zem"in*da*ri</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Zamindary</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zem"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The blind mole rat (<i>Spalax typhlus</i>), native of Eastern
Europe and Asia. Its eyes and ears are rudimentary, and its fur is
soft and brownish, more or less tinged with gray. It constructs
extensive burrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ze*na"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>zen&amacr;na</i>, <i>zan&amacr;na</i>, fr. Per.
<i>zan&amacr;na</i>, fr. <i>zan</i> woman; akin to E. <i>queen</i>.]
<def>The part of a dwelling appropriated to women.</def>  [India]</p>

<p><hw>Zend</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Zend-Avesta</u>.]
<def>Properly, the translation and exposition in the Huzv&acirc;resh,
or literary Pehlevi, language, of the Avesta, the Zoroastrian sacred
writings; as commonly used, the language (an ancient Persian dialect)
in which the Avesta is written.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zend`-A*ves"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Properly, the
<i>Avesta</i>, or sacred text, and its <i>zend</i>, or interpretation,
in a more modern and intelligible language. <i>W. D. Whitney.</i>]
<def>The sacred writings of the ancient Persian religion, attributed
to Zoroaster, but chiefly of a later date.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zen"dik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>zand&imacr;k</i>.] <def>An atheist or unbeliever; -- name given in
the East to those charged with disbelief of any revealed religion, or
accused of magical heresies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ze"nick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A South African burrowing mammal (<i>Suricata tetradactyla</i>),
allied to the civets. It is grayish brown, with yellowish transverse
stripes on the back. Called also <i>suricat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ze"nik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Zenick</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ze"nith</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>senyth</i>,
OF. <i>cenith</i>, F. <i>z&eacute;nith</i>, Sp. <i>zenit</i>,
<i>cenit</i>, abbrev. fr. Ar. <i>samt-urras</i> way of the head,
vertical place; <i>samt</i> way, path + <i>al</i> the + <i>ras</i>
head.  Cf. <u>Azimuth</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That point in the visible celestial
hemisphere which is vertical to the spectator; the point of the
heavens directly overhead; -- opposed to <i>nadir</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From morn<BR>
To noon he fell, from noon to dewy eve,<BR>
A summer's day; and with the setting sun<BR>
Dropped from the <i>zenith</i>, like a falling star.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>hence, figuratively, the point of
culmination; the greatest height; the height of success or
prosperity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I find my <i>zenith</i> doth depend upon<BR>
A most auspicious star.</blockquote> <i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>This dead of midnight is the noon of thought,<BR>
And wisdom mounts her <i>zenith</i> with the stars.</blockquote>
<i>Mrs. Barbauld.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It was during those civil troubles . . . this aspiring
family reached the <i>zenith</i>.</blockquote> <i>Macaulay.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Zenith distance</b></col>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Distance</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Zenith sector</b></col>.
<i>(Astron.)</i> <cd>See <u>Sector</u>, 3.</cd> -- <col><b>Zenith
telescope</b></col> <i>(Geodesy)</i>, <cd>a telescope specially
designed for determining the latitude by means of any two stars which
pass the meridian about the same time, and at nearly equal distances
from the zenith, but on opposite sides of it. It turns both on a
vertical and a horizontal axis, is provided with a graduated vertical
semicircle, and a level for setting it to a given zenith distance, and
with a micrometer for measuring the difference of the zenith distances
of the two stars.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ze"nith*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the zenith.</def>  "The deep <i>zenithal</i> blue."
<i>Tyndall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ze"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to boil +
<i>-lite</i>: cf. F. <i>z&eacute;olithe</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
term now used to designate any one of a family of minerals, hydrous
silicates of alumina, with lime, soda, potash, or rarely baryta. Here
are included natrolite, stilbite, analcime, chabazite, thomsonite,
heulandite, and others. These species occur of secondary origin in the
cavities of amygdaloid, basalt, and lava, also, less frequently, in
granite and gneiss. So called because many of these species intumesce
before the blowpipe.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Needle zeolite</b></col>, <cd>needlestone;
natrolite.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ze`o*lit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a zeolite; consisting of, or resembling, a
zeolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ze`o*lit"i*form</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
form of a zeolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zeph"yr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>zephyrus</i>, Gr.
&?;, akin to &?; darkness, the dark side, west: cf. F.
<i>z&eacute;phyr</i>.] <def>The west wind; poetically, any soft,
gentle breeze.</def>  "Soft the <i>zephyr</i> blows."
<i>Gray.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>As gentle<BR>
As <i>zephyrs</i> blowing below the violet.</blockquote>
<i>Shak.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Zephyr cloth</b></col>, <cd>a thin kind of cassimere made
in Belgium; also, a waterproof fabric of wool.</cd> -- <col><b>Zephyr
shawl</b></col>, <cd>a kind of thin, light, embroidered shawl made of
worsted and cotton.</cd> -- <col><b>Zephyr yarn</b></col>, or
<col><b>worsted</b></col>, <cd>a fine, soft kind of yarn or worsted, -
- used for knitting and embroidery.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Zeph"y*rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.  See
<u>Zephyr</u>.] <def>The west wind, or zephyr; -- usually personified,
and made the most mild and gentle of all the sylvan deities.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Mild as when <i>Zephyrus</i> on Flora
breathes.</blockquote> <i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ze"quin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Sequin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zer"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of African origin.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The fennec.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ze*ri"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Zareba</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ze"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Zeros</b></plw> (#) or <plw><b>Zeroes</b></plw>. [F.
<i>z&eacute;ro</i>, from Ar. <i>&ccedil;afrun</i>,
<i>&ccedil;ifrun</i>, empty, a cipher.  Cf. <u>Cipher</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arith.)</i> <def>A cipher; nothing;
naught.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The point from which the graduation of a
scale, as of a thermometer, commences.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Zero</i> in the Centigrade, or Celsius thermometer, and
in the R&eacute;aumur thermometer, is at the point at which water
congeals. The zero of the Fahrenheit thermometer is fixed at the point
at which the mercury stands when immersed in a mixture of snow and
common salt. In Wedgwood's pyrometer, the zero corresponds with
1077&deg; on the Fahrenheit scale.  See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Thermometer</u>.</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>Fig.: The lowest point; the point of
exhaustion; as, his patience had nearly reached <i>zero</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Absolute zero</b></col>. <cd>See under
<u>Absolute</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Zero method</b></col>
<i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>a method of comparing, or measuring, forces,
electric currents, etc., by so opposing them that the pointer of an
indicating apparatus, or the needle of a galvanometer, remains at, or
is brought to, zero, as contrasted with methods in which the
deflection is observed directly; -- called also <i>null
method</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Zero point</b></col>, <cd>the point
indicating zero, or the commencement of a scale or reckoning.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1679 !></p>

<p><hw>Zest</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>zeste</i>, probably
fr. L. <i>schistos</i> split, cleft, divided, Gr. &?;, from &?; to
split, cleave.  Cf. <u>Schism</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A piece of orange or lemon peel, or the
aromatic oil which may be squeezed from such peel, used to give flavor
to liquor, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, something that gives or enhances a
pleasant taste, or the taste itself; an appetizer; also, keen
enjoyment; relish; gusto.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Almighty Vanity! to thee they owe<BR>
Their <i>zest</i> of pleasure, and their balm of woe.</blockquote>
<i>Young.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Liberality of disposition and conduct gives the highest
<i>zest</i> and relish to social intercourse.</blockquote>
<i>Gogan.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The woody, thick skin inclosing the kernel
of a walnut.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Zest</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Zested</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Zesting</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To cut into thin slips, as the peel of an
orange, lemon, etc.; to squeeze, as peel, over the surface of
anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>To give a relish or flavor to; to heighten
the taste or relish of; as, to <i>zest</i> wine.</def>
<i>Gibber.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ze"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr. &?;.  Cf.
<u>Zed</u>.] <def>A Greek letter [&zeta;] corresponding to our
<i>z.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Ze*tet"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
seek: cf. F. <i>z&eacute;t&eacute;tique</i>.] <def>Seeking; proceeding
by inquiry.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Zetetic method</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>the method
used for finding the value of unknown quantities by direct search, in
investigation, or in the solution of problems.</cd> [R.]
<i>Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ze*tet"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A seeker; -- a name
adopted by some of the Pyrrhonists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ze*tet"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Zetetic</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Math.)</i> <def>A branch of algebra which
relates to the direct search for unknown quantities.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Zeu"glo*don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; the strap
or loop of a yoke + &?;, &?;, tooth.] <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>A genus of
extinct Eocene whales, remains of which have been found in the Gulf
States. The species had very long and slender bodies and broad
serrated teeth.  See <u>Phocodontia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zeu"glo*dont</hw> (?), <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any species of
Zeuglodonta.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zeu`glo*don"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Phocodontia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zeug"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., from Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to yoke, join.  See <u>Yoke</u>.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A figure by
which an adjective or verb, which agrees with a nearer word, is, by
way of supplement, referred also to another more remote; as, "hic
illius <i>arma</i>, hic <i>currus fuit</i>;" where <i>fuit</i>, which
agrees directly with <i>currus</i>, is referred also to
<i>arma</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zeug*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to zeugma; characterized by zeugma.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zeu`go*bran`chi*a"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; to yoke + &?; a gill.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Zygobranchia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zeus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gr. Myth.)</i> <def>The
chief deity of the Greeks, and ruler of the upper world (cf.
<u>Hades</u>). He was identified with <i>Jupiter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zeu*ze"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of a group of bombycid moths of which the genus
<i>Zeuzera</i> is the type. Some of these moths are of large size. The
goat moth is an example.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zey"lan*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>See <u>Ceylanite</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Zib"et</hw>, <hw>Zib"eth</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. It. <i>zibetto</i>.  See <u>Civet</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A carnivorous mammal (<i>Viverra zibetha</i>) closely allied to
the civet, from which it differs in having the spots on the body less
distinct, the throat whiter, and the black rings on the tail more
numerous.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It inhabits India, Southern China, and the East Indies. It
yields a perfume similar to that of the civet. It is often
domesticated by the natives, and then serves the same purposes as the
domestic cat. Called also <i>Asiatic, or Indian, civet</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Zie"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Curd produced from
milk by adding acetic acid, after rennet has ceased to cause
coagulation.</def>  <i>Brande &amp; C.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zie`tri*si"kite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral wax, vert similar to ozocerite. It is found at
<i>Zietrisika</i>, Moldavia, whence its name.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zif</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>ziv</i>.]
<def>The second month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, corresponding
to our May.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Zig"ger</hw>, <hw>Zig"hyr</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Same as <u>Sicker</u>.</def>  [Prov.
Eng.]  <i>Raymond.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zig"zag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>zigzag</i>, G.
<i>zickzack</i>, from <i>zacke</i>, <i>zacken</i>, a dentil, tooth.
Cf. <u>Tack</u> a small nail.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something that has short turns or
angles.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fanatics going straight forward and openly, the
politicians by the surer mode of <i>zigzag</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Burke.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A molding running in a
zigzag line; a chevron, or series of chevrons.  See <i>Illust.</i> of
<u>Chevron</u>, 3.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Fort.)</i> <def>See <u>Boyau</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zig"zag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having short,
sharp turns; running this way and that in an onward course.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zig"zag`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Zigzagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Zigzagging</u>.] <def>To form with short turns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zig"zag`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move in a zigzag
manner; also, to have a zigzag shape.</def>  <i>R. Browning.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zig"zag`ger*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality
or state of being zigzag; crookedness.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The . . . <i>zigzaggery</i> of my father's
approaches.</blockquote> <i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zig"zag`gy</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having sharp
turns.</def>  <i>Barham.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A low,
thorny, suffrutescent, crucifeous plant (<i>Zilla myagroides</i>)
found in the deserts of Egypt. Its leaves are boiled in water, and
eaten, by the Arabs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zil"lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>zila</i>.]
<def>A district or local division, as of a province.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><hw>||Zimb</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large, venomous, two-winged fly, native of Abyssinia. It is
allied to the tsetse fly, and, like the latter, is destructive to
cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zim"ent-wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>cement-
wasser</i>.  See <u>Cement</u>.] <def>A kind of water found in copper
mines; water impregnated with copper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zinc</hw> (z&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>zink</i>, probably akin to <i>zinn</i> tin: cf. F. <i>zinc</i>,
from the German.  Cf. <u>Tin</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An abundant
element of the magnesium-cadmium group, extracted principally from the
minerals zinc blende, smithsonite, calamine, and franklinite, as an
easily fusible bluish white metal, which is malleable, especially when
heated. It is not easily oxidized in moist air, and hence is used for
sheeting, coating galvanized iron, etc. It is used in making brass,
britannia, and other alloys, and is also largely consumed in electric
batteries. Symbol Zn. Atomic weight 64.9.</def> [Formerly written also
<i>zink</i>.]</p>

<p><col><b>Butter of zinc</b></col> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>, <cd>zinc
chloride, ZnCl<sub>2</sub>, a deliquescent white waxy or oily
substance.</cd> -- <col><b>Oxide of zinc</b></col>. <i>(Chem.)</i>
<cd>See <i>Zinc oxide</i>, below.</cd> -- <col><b>Zinc amine</b></col>
<i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a white amorphous substance,
Zn(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, obtained by the action of ammonia on
zinc ethyl; -- called also <i>zinc amide</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Zinc
amyle</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a colorless, transparent liquid,
composed of zinc and amyle, which, when exposed to the atmosphere,
emits fumes, and absorbs oxygen with rapidity.</cd> -- <col><b>Zinc
blende</b></col> [cf. G. <i>zinkblende</i>] <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a
native zinc sulphide.  See <u>Blende</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd>.</cd> -- <col><b>Zinc bloom</b></col> [cf. G.
<i>zinkblumen</i> flowers of zinc, oxide of zinc] <i>(Min.)</i>,
<cd>hydrous carbonate of zinc, usually occurring in white earthy
incrustations; -- called also <i>hydrozincite</i>.</cd> --
<col><b>Zinc ethyl</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a colorless,
transparent, poisonous liquid, composed of zinc and ethyl, which takes
fire spontaneously on exposure to the atmosphere.</cd> -- <col><b>Zinc
green</b></col>, <cd>a green pigment consisting of zinc and cobalt
oxides; -- called also <i>Rinmann's green</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Zinc
methyl</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>a colorless mobile liquid
Zn(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, produced by the action of methyl
iodide on a zinc sodium alloy.  It has a disagreeable odor, and is
spontaneously inflammable in the air. It has been of great importance
in the synthesis of organic compounds, and is the type of a large
series of similar compounds, as <i>zinc ethyl</i>, <i>zinc amyle</i>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Zinc oxide</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>, <cd>the
oxide of zinc, ZnO, forming a light fluffy sublimate when zinc is
burned; -- called also <i>flowers of zinc</i>, <i>philosopher's
wool</i>, <i>nihil album</i>, etc. The impure oxide produced by
burning the metal, roasting its ores, or in melting brass, is called
also <i>pompholyx</i>, and <i>tutty</i>.</cd> -- <col><b>Zinc
spinel</b></col> <i>(Min.)</i>, <cd>a mineral, related to spinel,
consisting essentially of the oxides of zinc and aluminium;
gahnite.</cd> -- <col><b>Zinc vitriol</b></col> <i>(Chem.)</i>,
<cd>zinc sulphate.  See <i>White vitriol</i>, under
<u>Vitriol</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Zinc white</b></col>, <cd>a white
powder consisting of zinc oxide, used as a pigment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Zinc</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Zincked</u> or <u>Zinced</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Zincking</u> or <u>Zincing</u> (&?;).] <def>To
coat with zinc; to galvanize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zinc"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Zinc chloride.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Zinc"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, containing, or resembling, zinc;
zincous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zinc"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A binary compound
of zinc.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Zinc*if"er*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Zinc</i> +
<i>-ferous</i>.] <def>Containing or affording zinc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zinc`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
or process of applying zinc; the condition of being zincified, or
covered with zinc; galvanization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zinc"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<i>Zinc</i> + <i>-
fy</i>.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To coat or impregnate with
zinc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zinc"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Native zinc oxide; a brittle, translucent mineral, of an orange-
red color; -- called also <i>red zinc ore</i>, and <i>red oxide of
zinc</i>.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Zinck"ing</hw>, or <hw>Zinc"ing</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>The act or process of
applying zinc; galvanization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zinck"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to zinc,
or having its appearance.</def>  [Written also <i>zinky</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Zin"co-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from <i>zinc</i>; in
chemistry, designating <i>zinc</i> as an element of certain double
compounds. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zinc"ode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zinc</i> + <i>-
ode</i>, as in <i>electrode</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The positive
electrode of an electrolytic cell; anode.</def>  [R.]
<i>Miller.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zin*cog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An engraver
on zinc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Zin`co*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Zin`co*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to zincography; as,
<i>zincographic</i> processes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zin*cog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zinco-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The art or process of engraving or etching on
zinc, in which the design is left in relief in the style of a wood
cut, the rest of the ground being eaten away by acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zinc"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Zinc</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, zinc; -- said of the
electricity of the zincous plate in connection with a copper plate in
a voltaic circle; also, designating the positive pole.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Zin`co-po"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Zinco-</i> +
<i>polar</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Electrically polarized like the
surface of the zinc presented to the acid in a battery, which has
zincous affinity.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Zinc"ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
containing, zinc; zincic; as, <i>zincous</i> salts.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hence, formerly, basic, basylous, as opposed
to <i>chlorous</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
positive pole of a galvanic battery; electro-positive.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zin"ga*ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Zingari</b></plw> (#). [It.] <def>A gypsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zing"el</hw> (z&ibreve;ng"<i>e</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small, edible, freshwater European perch
(<i>Aspro zingel</i>), having a round, elongated body and prominent
snout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zin`gi*ber*a"ceous</hw>
(z&ibreve;n`j&ibreve;*b&etilde;r*&amacr;"sh&ubreve;s),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>zingiber</i> ginger.  See <u>Ginger</u>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to ginger, or to a tribe
(<i>Zingibere&aelig;</i>) of endogenous plants of the order
<i>Scitamine&aelig;</i>.  See <u>Scitamineous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zink</hw> (z&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>See <u>Zinc</u>.</def>  [Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>Zink"en*ite</hw> (-<i>e</i>n*&imacr;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[From <i>Zinken</i>, director at one time of the Hanoverian mines.]
<i>(Min.)</i> <def>A steel-gray metallic mineral, a sulphide of
antimony and lead.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zink"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Zincky</u>.</def>  <i>Kirwan.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Zin"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So called after
Professor <i>Zinn</i>, of G&ouml;ttingen.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any
plant of the composite genus <i>Zinnia</i>, Mexican herbs with
opposite leaves and large gay-colored blossoms. <i>Zinnia elegans</i>
is the commonest species in cultivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zinn"wald*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called after
<i>Zinnwald</i>, in Bohemia, where it occurs.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
kind of mica containing lithium, often associated with tin
ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zin"sang</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The delundung.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zin`zi*ber*a"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Zingiberaceous</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zi"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>ts&imacr;y&?;n</i>, originally, a hill.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i> <def>A hill in Jerusalem,
which, after the capture of that city by the Israelites, became the
royal residence of David and his successors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Hence, the theocracy, or church of
God.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The heavenly Jerusalem; heaven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ziph"i*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>See <u>Xiphioid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zir"co-</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A combining form (also
used adjectively) designating <i>zirconium</i> as an element of
certain double compounds; zircono-; as in <i>zirco</i>fluoric acid,
sodium <i>zirco</i>fluoride.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zir`co*flu"or*ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A double fluoride of zirconium and hydrogen, or some other
positive element or radical; as, <i>zircofluoride</i> of
sodium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zir"con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., the same word as
<i>jargon</i>.  See <u>Jargon</u> a variety of zircon.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>A mineral occurring in tetragonal crystals, usually of a brown or
gray color. It consists of silica and zirconia.  A red variety, used
as a gem, is called <i>hyacinth</i>. Colorless, pale-yellow or smoky-
brown varieties from Ceylon are called <i>jargon</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Zircon syenite</b></col>, <cd>a coarse-grained syenite
containing zircon crystals and often also el&aelig;olite. It is
largely developed in Southern Norway.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Zir"co*na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Zirconia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zir"con*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A salt of zirconic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zir*co"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>The oxide of zirconium, obtained as a white powder, and
possessing both acid and basic properties. On account of its
infusibility, and brilliant luminosity when incandescent, it is used
as an ingredient of sticks for the Drummomd light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zir*con"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, containing, or resembling, zirconium; as,
<i>zirconic</i> oxide; <i>zirconic</i> compounds.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Zirconic acid</b></col>, <cd>an acid of zirconium analogous
to carbonic and silicic acids, known only in its salts.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Zir*co"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare element of the carbon-silicon group,
intermediate between the metals and nonmetals, obtained from the
mineral zircon as a dark sooty powder, or as a gray metallic
crystalline substance. Symbol Zr. Atomic weight, 90.4.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zir"co*no</hw> (?). <def>See <u>Zirco-</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zir"con*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zircon</i> +
<i>oid</i>.] <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A double eight-sided pyramid, a
form common with tetragonal crystals; -- so called because this form
often occurs in crystals of <i>zircon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zith"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>zither</i>.  See
<u>Cittern</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument of music used in
Austria and Germany. It has from thirty to forty wires strung across a
shallow sounding-board, which lies horizontally on a table before the
performer, who uses both hands in playing on it. [Not to be confounded
with the old lute-shaped <i>cittern</i>, or <i>cithern</i>.]</def></p>

<p><hw>Zit"tern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>See
<u>Cittern</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zi*za"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., from L.
<i>zizanium</i> darnel, cockle, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus
of grasses including Indian rice.  See <i>Indian rice</i>, under
<u>Rice</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ziz"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>ziesel</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The suslik.</def>  [Written also
<i>zisel</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Zo`an*tha"ce*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., from
Gr. <grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal + &?; flower.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A suborder of Actinaria, including <i>Zoanthus</i> and allied
genera, which are permanently attached by their bases.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zo`an*tha"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Anthozoa</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`an*tha"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Zoantharia.</def>  --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>One of the Anthozoa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*an"tho*deme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Zoantharia</u>, and <u>Deme</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
zooids of a compound anthozoan, collectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*an"thoid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Zoantharia</u>, and <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the Zoanthacea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*an"thro*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; animal +
&?; man.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A kind of monomania in which the patient
believes himself transformed into one of the lower animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zo*an"thus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.  See
<u>Zoantharia</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of Actinaria,
including numerous species, found mostly in tropical seas. The zooids
or polyps resemble small, elongated actinias united together at their
bases by fleshy stolons, and thus forming extensive groups. The
tentacles are small and bright colored.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1680 !></p>

<p><hw>||Zo"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A kind of domestic cattle reared in Asia for
its flesh and milk. It is supposed to be a hybrid between the zebu and
the yak.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Zoc"co</hw> (?), <hw>Zoc"co*lo</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. fr. L. <i>socculus</i>.  See <u>Socle</u>,
and cf. <u>Zacco</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Socle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"cle</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Socle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"di*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>zodiaque</i>
(cf. It. <i>zodiaco</i>), fr. L. <i>zodiacus</i>, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;),
fr. &?;, dim. of <grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal, akin to &?; living, &?;
to live.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Astron.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
imaginary belt in the heavens, 16&deg; or 18&deg; broad, in the middle
of which is the ecliptic, or sun's path. It comprises the twelve
constellations, which one constituted, and from which were named, the
twelve signs of the zodiac.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A figure
representing the signs, symbols, and constellations of the
zodiac.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A girdle; a belt.</def>  [Poetic &amp; R.]</p>

<p><blockquote>By his side,<BR>
As in a glistering <i>zodiac</i>, hung the sword.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zo*di"a*cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>zodiacal</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
zodiac; situated within the zodiac; as, the <i>zodiacal</i>
planets.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Zodiacal light</b></col>, <cd>a luminous tract of the sky,
of an elongated, triangular figure, lying near the ecliptic, its base
being on the horizon, and its apex at varying altitudes. It is to be
seen only in the evening, after twilight, and in the morning before
dawn. It is supposed to be due to sunlight reflected from multitudes
of meteoroids revolving about the sun nearly in the plane of the
ecliptic.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Zo"&euml;*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
life.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A peculiar larval stage of certain
decapod Crustacea, especially of crabs and certain Anomura.</def>
[Written also <i>zo&aelig;a</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; In this stage the anterior part of the body is relatively
large, and usually bears three or four long spines. The years are
conspicuous, and the antenn&aelig; and jaws are long, fringed organs
used in swimming. The thoracic legs are undeveloped or rudimentary,
the abdomen long, slender, and often without appendages. The
zo&euml;a, after casting its shell, changes to a megalops.</p>

<p><hw>Zo"e*trope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; life + &?;
turning, from &?; to turn.] <def>An optical toy, in which figures made
to revolve on the inside of a cylinder, and viewed through slits in
its circumference, appear like a single figure passing through a
series of natural motions as if animated or mechanically
moved.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zo"har</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>z&omacr;har</i> candor, splendor.] <def>A Jewish cabalistic book
attributed by tradition to Rabbi Simon ben Yochi, who lived about the
end of the 1st century, <u>a. d.</u>  Modern critics believe it to be
a compilation of the 13th century.</def>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zo"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to animals, or animal
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"ide</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>See
<u>Meride</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*il"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
characteristic of <i>Zoilus</i>, a bitter, envious, unjust critic, who
lived about 270 years before Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"i*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Resemblance to
Zoilus in style or manner; carping criticism; detraction.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bring candid eyes the perusal of men's works, and let
not <i>Zoilism</i> or detraction blast well-intended
labors.</blockquote> <i>Sir T. Browne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zois"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After its discoverer,
Von <i>Zois</i>, an Austrian mineralogist.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
grayish or whitish mineral occurring in orthorhombic, prismatic
crystals, also in columnar masses. It is a silicate of alumina and
lime, and is allied to epidote.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zo"kor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>An Asiatic burrowing rodent (<i>Siphneus aspalax</i>) resembling
the mole rat. It is native of the Altai Mountains.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zoll"ve*rein`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., from
<i>zoll</i> duty + <i>verein</i> union.] <def>Literally, a customs
union; specifically, applied to the several customs unions
successively formed under the leadership of Prussia among certain
German states for establishing liberty of commerce among themselves
and common tariff on imports, exports, and transit.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In 1834 a zollverein was established which included most of
the principal German states except Austria. This was terminated by the
events of 1866, and in 1867 a more closely organized union was formed,
the administration of which was ultimately merged in that of the new
German empire, with which it nearly corresponds territorially.</p>

<p><hw>Zom"bo*ruk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>See <u>Zumbooruk</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zo"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Zon&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a girdle.  See <u>Zone</u>.]
<def>A zone or band; a layer.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Zona pellucida</b></col>. [NL.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>The outer transparent layer, or envelope, of
the ovum. It is a more or less elastic membrane with radiating
stri&aelig;, and corresponds to the cell wall of an ordinary cell.
See <u>Ovum</u>, and <i>Illust.</i> of <u>Microscope</u>.</cd>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>The zona radiata.</cd> -- <col><b>Zona
radiata</b></col> [NL.] <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a radiately striated
membrane situated next the yolk of an ovum, or separated from it by a
very delicate membrane only.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Zon"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>zonalis</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to a zone; having the form of a zone or
zones.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Zonal equation</b></col> <i>(Crystallog.)</i>, <cd>the
mathematical relation which belongs to all the planes of a zone, and
expresses their common position with reference to the axes.</cd> --
<col><b>Zonal structure</b></col> <i>(Crystallog.)</i>, <cd>a
structure characterized by the arrangements of color, inclusions,
etc., of a crystal in parallel or concentric layers, which usually
follow the outline of the crystal, and mark the changes that have
taken place during its growth.</cd> -- <col><b>Zonal
symmetry</b></col>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <cd>See the Note under
<u>Symmetry</u>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Zo"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mod. Gr. &?; a girdle,
fr. Gr. &?;, dim. of &?; a girdle.  See <u>Zone</u>.] <def>A belt or
girdle which the Christians and Jews of the Levant were obliged to
wear to distinguish them from Mohammedans.</def>  [Written also
<i>zonnar</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>||Zo*na"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A division of Mammalia in which the placenta
is zonelike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zon"ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Divided by parallel planes; as, <i>zonate</i> tetraspores, found
in certain red alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zone</hw> (z&omacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>zone</i>, L.
<i>zona</i>, Gr. <grk>zw`nh</grk>; akin to <grk>zwnny`nai</grk> to
gird, Lith. <i>j&uring;sta</i> a girdle, <i>j&uring;sti</i> to gird,
Zend <i>y&amacr;h</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A girdle; a
cincture.</def>  [Poetic]</p>

<p><blockquote>An embroidered <i>zone</i> surrounds her
waist.</blockquote> <i>Dryden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Loose were her tresses seen, her <i>zone</i>
unbound.</blockquote> <i>Collins.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>One of the five great
divisions of the earth, with respect to latitude and
temperature.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>zones</i> are five: the <i>torrid</i> zone, extending
from tropic to tropic 46&deg; 56&min;, or 23&deg; 28&min; on each side
of the equator; two <i>temperate</i> or <i>variable</i> zones,
situated between the tropics and the polar circles; and two
<i>frigid</i> zones, situated between the polar circles and the
poles.</p>

<p><blockquote>Commerce . . . defies every wind, outrides every
tempest, and invades.</blockquote> <i>Bancroft.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The portion of the surface
of a sphere included between two parallel planes; the portion of a
surface of revolution included between two planes perpendicular to the
axis.</def>  <i>Davies &amp; Peck (Math. Dict.)</i></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
band or stripe extending around a body.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A band or area of growth encircling anything; as, a <i>zone</i>
of evergreens on a mountain; the <i>zone</i> of animal or vegetable
life in the ocean around an island or a continent; the Alpine
<i>zone</i>, that part of mountains which is above the limit of tree
growth.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn> <i>(Crystallog.)</i> <def>A series of planes
having mutually parallel intersections.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>Circuit; circumference.</def>  [R.]
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Abyssal zone</b></col>. <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <cd>See under
<u>Abyssal</u>.</cd> -- <col><b>Zone axis</b></col>
<i>(Crystallog.)</i>, <cd>a straight line passing through the center
of a crystal, to which all the planes of a given zone are
parallel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Zone</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To girdle; to
encircle.</def>  [R.]  <i>Keats.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zoned</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Wearing a zone, or girdle.</def>  <i>Pope.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Having zones, or concentric bands;
striped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Zonate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zone"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not having a
zone; ungirded.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The reeling goddess with the <i>zoneless</i>
waist.</blockquote> <i>Cowper.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In careless folds, loose fell her <i>zoneless</i>
vest.</blockquote> <i>Mason.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zon"nar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Zonar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zon"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a zone; zone-shaped.</def>  "The <i>zonular</i> type of a
placenta."  <i>Dana.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zon"ule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A little zone, or
girdle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zon"u*let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A zonule.</def>
<i>Herrick.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zon"ure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zone</i> + Gr. &?;
tail.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several of South African
lizards of the genus <i>Zonura</i>, common in rocky
situations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"&ouml;-</hw> (?). <def>A combining form from Gr.
<grk>zwo^,n</grk> an <i>animal</i>, as in <i>zo&ouml;</i>genic,
<i>zo&ouml;</i>logy, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*chem"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Pertaining to zo&ouml;chemistry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*chem"is*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Zo&ouml;-</i> + <i>chemistry</i>.] <def>Animal chemistry;
particularly, the description of the chemical compounds entering into
the composition of the animal body, in distinction from
<i>biochemistry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;ch"e*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zo&ouml;-
</i> + Gr. &?; alchemy.] <def>Animal chemistry;
zo&ouml;chemistry.</def>  <i>Dunglison.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Zo`&ouml;*chlo*rel"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
dim. from Gr. <grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal + &?; green.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the small green granulelike bodies
found in the interior of certain stentors, hydras, and other
invertebrates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"&ouml;*cyst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zo&ouml;-</i>
+ <i>cyst</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A cyst formed by certain Protozoa
and unicellular plants which the contents divide into a large number
of granules, each of which becomes a germ.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zo`&ouml;*cy"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Zo&ouml;cytia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>zw^,on</grk>
an animal + &?; a hollow vessel.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The common
support, often branched, of certain species of social
Infusoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zo`&ouml;*den"dri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Zo&ouml;dendria</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal + &?; a tree.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The branched, and often treelike, support of the colonies of
certain Infusoria.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zo*&oelig;"ci*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Zo&oelig;cia</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>zw^,on</grk> an
animal + &?; house.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of the cells or
tubes which inclose the feeling zooids of Bryozoa.  See <i>Illust.</i>
of <u>Sea Moss</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*e*ryth"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Zo&ouml;-</i> + Gr. &?; red.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A peculiar
organic red coloring matter found in the feathers of various
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;g"a*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Zo&ouml;-
</i> + Gr. &?; marriage.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining
zo&ouml;gamy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;g"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The sexual reproduction of animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Zo&ouml;-
</i> + <i>-gen</i> + <i>-ic</i>: cf. Gr. &?; born of an animal.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to zo&ouml;geny, animal
production.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Zo*&ouml;g"e*ny</hw> (?), <hw>Zo*&ouml;g"o*ny</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zo&ouml;-</i> + root of Gr. &?; to be born,
&?; offspring.] <def>The doctrine of the formation of living
beings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*ge`o*graph"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Of or pertaining to zo&ouml;graphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*ge*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Zo&ouml;-</i> + <i>geography</i>.] <def>The study or description
of the geographical distribution of animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zo`&ouml;*gl&oelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal + &?; any glutinous substance.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A colony or mass of bacteria imbedded in a viscous
gelatinous substance. The zo&ouml;gl&oelig;a is characteristic of a
transitory stage through which rapidly multiplying bacteria pass in
the course of their evolution. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;g"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
describes animals, their forms and habits.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Zo`&ouml;*graph"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Zo`&ouml;*graph"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>zoographique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to the description of animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;g"ra*phist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
zo&ouml;grapher.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;g"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zo&ouml;-
</i> + <i>-graphy</i>: cf. F. <i>zoographie</i>.] <def>A description
of animals, their forms and habits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Zo</i>&ouml;- + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or resembling, an
animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"oid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An organic body or cell having locomotion, as a
spermatic cell or spermatozooid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
animal in one of its inferior stages of development, as one of the
intermediate forms in alternate generation.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>One of the individual animals in a composite group, as of
Anthozoa, Hydroidea, and Bryozoa; -- sometimes restricted to those
individuals in which the mouth and digestive organs are not
developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*oid"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to a zooid; as, a <i>zooidal</i> form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;l"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zo&ouml;-
</i> + Gr. &?; worship.] <def>The worship of animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;l"o*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
zo&ouml;logist.</def>  <i>Boyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>zoologique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to zo&ouml;logy, or the
science of animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*log"ic*al*ly</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a
zo&ouml;logical manner; according to the principles of
zo&ouml;logy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;l"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>zoologiste</i>.] <def>One who is well versed in
zo&ouml;logy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;l"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Zo&ouml;logies</b></plw> (#). [<i>Zo&ouml;-</i> + <i>-
logy</i>: cf. F. <i>zoologie</i>.  See <u>Zodiac</u>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>That part of biology which relates to the
animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution,
classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living
and extinct.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A treatise on this science.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*mel"a*nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Zo&ouml;-</i> + <i>melanin</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A
pigment giving the black color to the feathers of many
birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Zo&ouml;-
</i> + Gr. &?; form.] <def>Of or pertaining to
zo&ouml;morphism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*mor"phism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The transformation of men into beasts.</def>
[R.]  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>The quality of representing or using animal
forms; as, <i>zo&ouml;morphism</i> in ornament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>The representation of God, or of gods, in
the form, or with the attributes, of the lower animals.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>To avoid the error of anthropomorphism, we fall into
the vastly greater, and more absurd, error of
<i>zo&ouml;morphism</i>.</blockquote> <i>Mivart.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Zo"&ouml;n</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Zoa</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An animal which is the
sole product of a single egg; -- opposed to <i>zooid</i>.</def>  <i>H.
Spencer.</i> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of the perfectly
developed individuals of a compound animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;n"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal: cf.  F. <i>zoonique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to animals; obtained from animal substances.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"&ouml;*nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the segments of
the body of an articulate animal.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One
of the theoretic transverse divisions of any segmented
animal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;n"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zo&ouml;-
</i> + Gr. &?; a law: cf. F. <i>zoonomie</i>.] <def>The laws of animal
life, or the science which treats of the phenomena of animal life,
their causes and relations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"&ouml;*nule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. fr. Gr.
<grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Zo&ouml;nite</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*pa*thol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Zo&ouml;-</i> + <i>pathology</i>.] <def>Animal
pathology.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1681 !></p>

<p><hw>||Zo*&ouml;ph"a*ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; animal + &?; to eat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An artificial
group comprising various carnivorous and insectivorous
animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;ph"a*gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A animal that feeds on animal food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;ph"a*gous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal + &?; to eat.] <def>Feeding on
animals.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This is a more general term than either <i>sarcophagous</i>
or <i>carnivorous</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;ph"i*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zo&ouml;-
</i> + Gr. &?; to love.] <def>A lover of animals.</def>
<i>Southey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;ph"i*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Love of
animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"&ouml;*phite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
zo&ouml;phyte.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*phor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;;
<grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal + &?; to bear; cf. F. <i>zoophorique</i>.]
<def>Bearing or supporting the figure of an animal; as, a
<i>zo&ouml;phoric</i> column.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zo*&ouml;ph"o*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
Gr. &?;.  See <u>Zo&ouml;phoric</u>.] <i>(Anc. Arch.)</i> <def>The
part between the architrave and cornice; the frieze; -- so called from
the figures of animals carved upon it.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zo*&ouml;ph"y*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal + <grk>fyto`n</grk> a plant.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>An extensive artificial and heterogeneous
group of animals, formerly adopted by many zo&ouml;logists. It
included the c&oelig;lenterates, echinoderms, sponges, Bryozoa,
Protozoa, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Sometimes the name is restricted to the C&oelig;lentera, or
to the Anthozoa.</p>

<p><hw>Zo"&ouml;*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>zoophyte</i>, Gr. &?;; <grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal + &?; plant,
akin to &?; to be born, to be.  See <u>Zodiac</u>, and <u>Be</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Any one of numerous species of invertebrate animals which more or
less resemble plants in appearance, or mode of growth, as the corals,
gorgonians, sea anemones, hydroids, bryozoans, sponges, etc.,
especially any of those that form compound colonies having a branched
or treelike form, as many corals and hydroids.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any one of the Zo&ouml;phyta.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Zo`&ouml;*phyt"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Zo`&ouml;*phyt"ic*al</hw>
(?), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>zoophytique</i>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to zo&ouml;phytes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;ph"y*toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Zo&ouml;phyte</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or resembling, a zo&ouml;phyte.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*phyt`o*log"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf.
F. <i>zoophytologique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to
zo&ouml;phytology; as, <i>zo&ouml;phytological</i>
observations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;ph`y*tol"o*gy</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Zo&ouml;phyte</i> + <i>-logy</i>: cf. F. <i>zoophytologie</i>.]
<def>The natural history zo&ouml;phytes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*prax"i*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Zo&ouml;-</i> + Gr. &?; a doing, an acting (from &?; to do) + <i>-
scope</i>.] <def>An instrument similar to, or the same as, the, the
phenakistoscope, by means of which pictures projected upon a screen
are made to exhibit the natural movements of animals, and the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*psy*chol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Zo&ouml;-</i> + <i>psychology</i>.] <def>Animal
psychology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"&ouml;*sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zo&ouml;-
</i> + <i>sperm</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the spermatic
particles; spermatozoid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zo`&ouml;*spo*ran"gi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-sporangia</b></plw> (#). [NL.  See <u>Zo&ouml;-
</u>, and <u>Sporangium</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A spore, or
conceptacle containing zo&ouml;spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"&ouml;*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zo&ouml;-
</i> + <i>spore</i>.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A spore provided with one or
more slender cilia, by the vibration of which it swims in the water.
Zo&ouml;spores are produced by many green, and by some olive-brown,
alg&aelig;. In certain species they are divided into the larger
macrozo&ouml;spores and the smaller microzo&ouml;spores. Called also
<i>sporozoid</i>, and <i>swarmspore</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>See
<u>Swarmspore</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*spor"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to zo&ouml;spores; of the nature of
zo&ouml;spores.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;t"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>zw^,on</grk> an animal.] <def>Containing the remains of organized
bodies; -- said of rock or soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*tom"ic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>zootomique</i>.] <def>Of or pertaining to zo&ouml;tomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;t"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>zootomiste</i>.] <def>One who dissects animals, or is skilled in
zo&ouml;tomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;t"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zo&ouml;-
</i> + Gr. &?; to cut: cf. F. <i>zootomie</i>.] <def>The dissection or
the anatomy of animals; -- distinguished from
<i>androtomy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`&ouml;*troph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.
See <u>Zo&ouml;-</u>, and <u>Trophic</u>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to the nourishment of animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zoo"zoo`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of imitative origin.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The wood pigeon.</def>  [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Zope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A European fresh-water bream (<i>Abramis ballerus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"pi*lote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The urubu, or American black
vulture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zor"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Zorilla</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*ril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>zorilla</i>,
<i>zorillo</i>, dim. of <i>zorra</i>, <i>zorro</i>, a fox: cf. F.
<i>zorille</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Either one of two species of
small African carnivores of the genus <i>Ictonyx</i> allied to the
weasels and skunks.</def>  [Written also <i>zoril</i>, and
<i>zorille</i>.]</p>

<p>&fist; The best-known species (<i>Ictonyx zorilla</i>) has black
shiny fur with white bands and spots. It has anal glands which produce
a very offensive secretion, similar to that of the skunk. It feeds
upon birds and their eggs and upon small mammals, and is often very
destructive to poultry. It is sometimes tamed by the natives, and kept
to destroy rats and mice. Called also <i>mariput</i>, <i>Cape
polecat</i>, and <i>African polecat</i>. The name is sometimes
erroneously applied to the American skunk.</p>

<p><hw>Zo`ro*as"tri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to <i>Zoroaster</i>, or his religious system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`ro*as"tri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A follower
of Zoroaster; one who accepts Zoroastrianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`ro*as"tri*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
religious system of Zoroaster, the legislator and prophet of the
ancient Persians, which was the national faith of Persia; mazdeism.
The system presupposes a good spirit (Ormuzd) and an opposing evil
spirit (Ahriman).  Cf. <i>Fire worship</i>, under <u>Fire</u>, and
<u>Parsee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`ro*as"trism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Zoroastrianism</u>.</def>  <i>Tylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Zos"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
girdle, zoster.  See <u>Zone</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Shingles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zos"te*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of plants of the <i>Naiadace&aelig;</i>, or Pondweed
family. <i>Zostera marina</i> is commonly known as <i>sea wrack</i>,
and <i>eelgrass</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zos"ter*ops</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
girdle + &?;, &?;, the eye.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of birds
that comprises the white-eyes.  See <u>White-eye</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zouave</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. Ar.
<i>Zouaoua</i> a tribe of Kabyles living among the Jurjura mountains
in Algeria.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of an active
and hardy body of soldiers in the French service, originally Arabs,
but now composed of Frenchmen who wear the Arab dress.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hence, one of a body of soldiers who adopt
the dress and drill of the Zouaves, as was done by a number of
volunteer regiments in the army of the United States in the Civil War,
1861-65.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zounds</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Contracted from
<i>God's wounds</i>.] <def>An exclamation formerly used as an oath,
and an expression of anger or wonder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zoutch</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>To stew, as flounders, eels, etc., with just enough or liquid to
cover them.</def>  <i>Smart.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zubr</hw> (z&oomac;br), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Polish
<i>&zdot;ubr</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The aurochs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zuche</hw> (z&oomac;ch), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stump of a
tree.</def>  <i>Cowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zu*chet"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>zucchetto</i>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A skullcap covering the
tonsure, worn under the berretta. The pope's is white; a cardinal's
red; a bishop's purple; a priest's black.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zu"fo*lo</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A little flute or flageolet, especially that which
is used to teach birds.</def>  [Written also <i>zuffolo</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Zui"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The American widgeon.</def>  [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Zu"lus</hw> (z&oomac;"l&oomac;z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
<i>sing.</i> <singw><b>Zulu</b></singw> (-l&oomac;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>The most important tribe belonging to the Kaffir race. They
inhabit a region on the southeast coast of Africa, but formerly
occupied a much more extensive country. They are noted for their
warlike disposition, courage, and military skill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zum*boo"ruk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. &amp; Ar.
<i>zamb&umacr;rak</i>, fr. Ar. <i>zamb&umacr;r</i> a hornet.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A small cannon supported by a swiveled rest on the
back of a camel, whence it is fired, -- used in the East.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zu"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Zu`mo*log"ic*al</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Zu*mol"o*gy</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Zu*mom"e*ter</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, etc. <def>See <u>Zymic</u>, <u>Zymological</u>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zu"&ntilde;is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>Zu&ntilde;i</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A tribe
of Pueblo Indians occupying a village in New Mexico, on the
<i>Zu&ntilde;i</i> River.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zun"yite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
fluosilicate of alumina occurring in tetrahedral crystals at the
<i>Zu&ntilde;i</i> mine in Colorado.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zwan"zi*ger</hw> (tsv&auml;n"ts&esl;*g&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>An Austrian silver coin equivalent to
20 kreutzers, or about 10 cents.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zy*gan"trum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Zygantra</b></plw> (#). [Gr. <grk>zygo`n</grk> a yoke + &?;  a
cave, hole.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>See under
<u>Zygosphene</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zyg`a*poph"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Zygapophyses</b></plw> (#). [Gr. <grk>zygo`n</grk> a yoke + E.
<i>apophysis</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>One of the articular processes
of a vertebra, of which there are usually four, two anterior and two
posterior.  See under <u>Vertebra</u>.</def>  --
<wf>Zyg`ap*o*phys"i*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Zyg"e*nid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;, probably
the hammer-headed shark.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of numerous
species of moths of the family <i>Zyg&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>, most of
which are bright colored. The wood nymph and the vine forester are
examples. Also used adjectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zyg`o*bran"chi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
from Gr. <grk>zygo`n</grk> a yoke + &?; a gill.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A division of marine gastropods in which the gills are developed
on both sides of the body and the renal organs are also paired. The
abalone (<i>Haliotis</i>) and the keyhole limpet (<i>Fissurella</i>)
are examples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zyg`o*bran"chi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the
Zygobranchia.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Zyg`o*dac"tyl</hw>, <hw>Zyg`o*dac"tyle</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Zygodactylic</u>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any zygodactylous bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zyg`o*dac"ty*l&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The zygodactylous birds. In a
restricted sense applied to a division of birds which includes the
barbets, toucans, honey guides, and other related birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zyg`o*dac"ty*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Scansores</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Zyg`o*dac"ty*lic</hw> (?), <hw>Zyg`o*dac"tyl*ous</hw> (?;
277), } <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>zygo`n</grk> a yoke, pair + &?;
finger, toe: cf. F. <i>zygodactyle</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Yoke-footed; having the toes disposed in pairs; -- applied to
birds which have two toes before and two behind, as the parrot,
cuckoo, woodpecker, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zy*go"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
fr. &?; to yoke, <grk>zygo`n</grk> a yoke.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The jugal, malar, or cheek bone.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The zygomatic process of the temporal
bone.</def>  <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The whole zygomatic
arch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zyg`o*mat"ic</hw> (?; 277), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>zygomatique</i>.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or in the
region of, the zygoma.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Zygomatic arch</b></col>, <cd>the arch of bone beneath the
orbit, formed in most mammals by the union of the malar, or jugal,
with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. In the lower
vertebrates other bones may help to form it, and there may be two
arches on each side of the skull, as in some reptiles.</cd> --
<col><b>Zygomatic process</b></col>, <cd>a process of the temporal or
squamosal bone helping to form the zygomatic arch.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Zyg`o*mor"phic</hw> (?), <hw>Zyg`o*mor"phous</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>zygo`n</grk> a yoke + &?; form.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Symmetrical bilaterally; -- said of organisms, or
parts of organisms, capable of division into two symmetrical halves
only in a single plane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zyg"o*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>zygo`n</grk> a yoke + <grk>fyto`n</grk> a plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of a proposed class or grand division
(<i>Zygophytes</i>, <i>Zygophyta</i>, or <i>Zygospore&aelig;</i>), in
which reproduction consists in the union of two similar cells.  Cf.
<u>O&ouml;phyte</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zy*go"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
balancing, fr. <grk>zygo`n</grk> yoke.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Conjugation</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zyg"o*sperm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>zygo`n</grk> a yoke + E. <i>sperm</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
spore formed by the union of the contents of two similar cells, either
of the same or of distinct individual plants. Zygosperms are found in
certain orders of alg&aelig; and fungi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zyg"o*sphene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>zygo`n</grk> a yoke + &?; a wedge.] <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A median
process on the front part of the neural arch of the vertebr&aelig; of
most snakes and some lizards, which fits into a fossa, called the
<i>zygantrum</i>, on the back part of the arch in front.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zyg"o*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>zygo`n</grk> a yoke + E. <i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Zygosperm</u>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A spore formed by the union of several
zo&ouml;spores; -- called also <i>zygozo&ouml;spore</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zy"lon*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wood.]
<def>Celluloid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zym"ase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Zyme</u>.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A soluble ferment, or enzyme.  See
<u>Enzyme</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zyme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; leaven.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A ferment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The morbific principle of a
zymotic disease.</def>  <i>Quain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zym"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Old Chem.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or produced by, fermentation; -- formerly, by
confusion, used to designate lactic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zym"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zyme</i> + <i>-
gen</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A mother substance, or
antecedent, of an enzyme or chemical ferment; -- applied to such
substances as, not being themselves actual ferments, may by internal
changes give rise to a ferment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The pancreas contains but little ready-made ferment,
though there is present in it a body, <i>zymogen</i>, which gives
birth to the ferment.</blockquote> <i>Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Zym"o*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zyme</i> + root
of Gr. &?; to be born.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of a physiological
group of globular bacteria which produces fermentations of diverse
nature; -- distinguished from <i>pathogene</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zym`o*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to, or formed by, a
zymogene.</def>  <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Capable of producing a
definite zymogen or ferment.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Zymogenic organism</b></col> <i>(Biol.)</i>, <cd>a
micro&ouml;rganism, such as the yeast plant of the <i>Bacterium
lactis</i>, which sets up certain fermentative processes by which
definite chemical products are formed; -- distinguished from a
<i>pathogenic organism</i>.  Cf. <u>Micrococcus</u>.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Zy`mo*log"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Zy`mo*log"ic*al</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>zymologique</i>.] <def>Of or
pertaining to zymology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zy*mol"o*gist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
skilled in zymology, or in the fermentation of liquors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zy*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zyme</i> + <i>-
logy</i>: cf. F. <i>zymologie</i>.] <def>A treatise on the
fermentation of liquors, or the doctrine of fermentation.</def>
[Written also <i>zumology</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Zy"mome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a fermented
mixture.] <i>(Old Chem.)</i> <def>A glutinous substance, insoluble in
alcohol, resembling legumin; -- now called <i>vegetable fibrin</i>,
<i>vegetable albumin</i>, or <i>gluten casein</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Zy*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <hw>Zy`mo*sim"e*ter</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; ferment, or &?; fermentation + <i>-
meter</i>: cf. F. <i>zymosim&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument for
ascertaining the degree of fermentation occasioned by the mixture of
different liquids, and the degree of heat which they acquire in
fermentation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zym"o*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Zyme</i> + Gr.
<grk>fyto`n</grk> a plant.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A bacteroid
ferment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zy*mose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Invertin.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zy*mo"sis</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
fermentation, fr. &?; ferment.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A fermentation; hence, an analogous process by which an
infectious disease is believed to be developed.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A zymotic disease.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Zy*mot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; causing to
ferment, fr. &?; to ferment, &?; ferment, leaven.]</p>

<p><sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of, pertaining to, or caused by,
fermentation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Designating, or pertaining
to, a certain class of diseases.  See <i>Zymotic disease</i>,
below.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Zymotic disease</b></col> <i>(Med.)</i>, <cd> any epidemic,
endemic, contagious, or sporadic affection which is produced by some
morbific principle or organism acting on the system like a
ferment.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Zy"them</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Zythum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zy*thep"sa*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a kind of
beer + &?; to boil.] <def>A brewery.</def>  [R.]</p>

<p><hw>||Zy"thum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?; a
kind of beer; -- so called by the Egyptians.] <def>A kind of ancient
malt beverage; a liquor made from malt and wheat.</def>  [Written also
<i>zythem</i>.]</p>

<p>================================================================
        1913 Supplementary Section:  "New Words"
==================================================================</p>

<p><! p. 1961 !></p>

<p><point26>A.</point26></p>

<p><hw>||A*ba"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr. &?;- not +
&?; a step.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inability to co&ouml;rdinate muscular
actions properly in walking.</def> -- <wf>A*ba"sic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ab"ge*ord`ne*ten*haus`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [G.]
<def>See <u>Legislature</u>, <i>Austria</i>, <i>Prussia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"bra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., a bay, valley,
fissure.] <def>A narrow pass or defile; a break in a mesa; the mouth
of a ca&ntilde;on.</def> [Southwestern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ab`re*ac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ab-</i>
+ <i>reaction</i>, after G. <i>Abreagirung</i>.]
<i>(Psychotherapy)</i> <def>See <u>Catharsis</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`cla*ma"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In parliamentary
usage, the act or method of voting orally and by groups rather than by
ballot, esp. in elections;</def> specif. <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <def>the
election of a pope or other ecclesiastic by unanimous consent of the
electors, without a ballot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ace</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A single point won by a
stroke, as in handball, rackets, etc.; in tennis, frequently, a point
won by a service stroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ce"qui*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A canal or
trench for irrigating land.</def> [Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>Ac"e*tol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Acet</i>ic + <i>-
ol</i> as in <i>alcohol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Methyl ketol; also,
any of various homologues of the same.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`e*to*n&aelig;"mi*a</hw>, <hw>-ne"mi*a</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Acetone</u>; <u>H&aelig;ma-</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition characterized by the presence of
acetone in the blood, as in diabetes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`e*to*nu"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Acetone</u>; <u>Urine</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Excess of acetone in
the urine, as in starvation or diabetes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`e*to*phe"none</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Acet</i>ic
+ <i>phen</i>yl + <i>one</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline
ketone, CH<sub>3</sub>COC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>, which may be
obtained by the dry distillation of a mixture of the calcium salts of
acetic and benzoic acids. It is used as a hypnotic under the name of
<i>hypnone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A` che*val"</hw> (?). [F., lit., on horseback.] <def>Astride;
with a part on each side; -- used specif. in designating the position
of an army with the wings separated by some line of demarcation, as a
river or road.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A position <i>&agrave; cheval</i> on a river is not one
which a general willingly assumes.</blockquote>  <i>Swinton.</i></p>

<p><hw>A*chro"ma*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ahromatic</u>.] <def>Lacking, or deficient in, color; as,
<i>achromatous</i> blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*chro"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; colorless;
&?; priv. + &?; color.] <def>Free from color; colorless; as, in
<i>Physiol. Chem.</i>, the <i>achromic</i> point of a starch solution
acted upon by an amylolytic enzyme is the point at which it fails to
give any color with iodine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"id proc"ess</hw>. <i>(Iron Metal.)</i> <def>That variety of
either the Bessemer or the open-hearth process in which the converter
or hearth is lined with acid, that is, highly siliceous, material.
Opposed to <i>basic process</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`o*nit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Pert. to or designating a crystalline tribasic acid, &?;,
obtained from aconite and other plants. It is a carboxyl derivative of
itaconic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*tin"o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, ray
+ <i>-gram</i>.] <def>A record made by the actinograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ac`ti*no*my*co"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A chronic infectious disease of cattle and man due
to the presence of <i>Actinomyces bovis</i>. It causes local
suppurating tumors, esp. about the jaw. Called also <i>lumpy jaw</i>
or <i>big jaw</i>.</def> -- <wf>Ac`ti*no*my*cot"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ac*tin"o*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
ray + &?; voice.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An apparatus for the
production of sound by the action of the actinic, or ultraviolet,
rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac*tin`o*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or causing the production of,
sound by means of the actinic, or ultraviolet, rays; as,
<i>actinophonic</i> phenomena.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac`u*tor"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>acus</i>
needle + <i>torsion</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The twisting of an artery
with a needle to arrest hemorrhage.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*cyc"lic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>a-</i> not +
<i>cyclic</i>.] <def>Not cyclic; not disposed in cycles or
whorls</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Of a flower,
having its parts inserted spirally on the receptacle.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Org. Chem.)</i> <def>Having an open-chain
structure; aliphatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ac"yl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Ac</i>id + <i>-
yl</i>.] <i>(Org. Chem.)</i> <def>An acid radical, as acetyl, malonyl,
or benzoyl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*dress"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
 -- <col><b>To address the ball</b></col> <i>(Golf)</i>, <cd>to take
aim at the ball, adjusting the grip on the club, the attitude of the
body, etc., to a convenient position.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ad"e*noid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
swelling produced by overgrowth of the adenoid tissue in the roof of
the pharynx; -- usually in <i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>||Ad`e*no"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>L. pl.</i>
<plw><b>-mata</b></plw> (#). [NL.; <i>adeno-</i> + <i>-oma</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A benign tumor of a glandlike structure; morbid
enlargement of a gland.</def> -- <wf>Ad`e*nom"a*tous</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ad"e*nop"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Adeno-</i> +
Gr. &?; suffering, &?; to suffer.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Disease of a
gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ad"e*no*scle*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.;
<i>adeno-</i> + <i>sclerosis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The hardening of
a gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"den ul"cer</hw> (?). [So named after <i>Aden</i>, a seaport
in Southern Arabia, where it occurs.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease
endemic in various parts of tropical Asia, due to a specific
micro&ouml;rganism which produces chronic ulcers on the limbs. It is
often fatal. Called also <i>Cochin China ulcer</i>, <i>Persian
ulcer</i>, <i>tropical ulcer</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`dios"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Sp., fr. L.
<i>ad</i> to + <i>deus</i> god. Cf. <u>Adieu</u>.] <def>Adieu;
farewell; good-by; -- chiefly used among Spanish-speaking
people.</def></p>

<p>&fist; This word is often pronounced &aring;*d&emacr;"&osl;s, but
the Spanish accent, though weak, is on the final syllable.</p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*pog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Adipose</u>; <u>-genous</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Producing
fat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ad`i*pol"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; L.
<i>adeps</i>, <i>adipis</i>, fat + Gr. &?; a loosing.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The digestion of fats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad`i*po*lyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>adeps</i>,
<i>adipis</i>, fat + Gr. &?; to loose.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Hydrolyzing fats; converting neutral fats into glycerin and free
fatty acids, esp. by the action of an enzyme; as, <i>adipolytic</i>
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ad`i*po"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>L. pl.</i>
<plw><b>-mata</b></plw> (#). [NL. See <u>Adipose</u>; <u>-oma</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A mass of fat found internally; also, a fatty
tumor.</def> -- <wf>Ad`i*pom"a*tous</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ad"i*pose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>The fat present in the cells of adipose tissue, composed mainly
of varying mixtures of tripalmitin, tristearin, and triolein. It
solidifies after death.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Adjusting plane</hw> or <hw>surface</hw>. }
<i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A small plane or surface, usually
capable of adjustment but not of manipulation, for preserving lateral
balance in an a&euml;roplane or flying machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*mit"tance</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The
reciprocal of impedance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*do"be</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Earth from which unburnt bricks are made.</def> [Western U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Alluvial and playa clays of
desert and arid regions, differing from ordinary clays of humid
regions in containing carbonates and other soluble minerals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ad`o*na"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>ad&omacr;n&amacr;i</i>, lit., my lord.] <def>A Hebrew name for God,
usually translated in the Old Testament by the word "Lord".</def></p>

<p>&fist; The later Jews used its vowel points to fill out the
tetragrammaton <u>Yhvh</u>, or <u>Ihvh</u>, "the incommunicable name,"
and in reading substituted "Adonai".</p>

<p><hw>Ad*re"nal*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Ad*re"nal*in</hw> (&?;). <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A
crystalline substance, C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>13</sub>O<sub>3</sub>N,
obtained from suprarenal extract, of which it is regarded as the
active principle. It is used in medicine as a stimulant and
hemostatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*su"ki bean</hw> (?). [Jap. <i>adzuki</i>.] <def>A cultivated
variety of the Asiatic gram, now introduced into the United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad"u*rol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>Either of two compounds, a chlorine derivative and bromine
derivative, of hydroquinone, used as developers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*van"cing edge</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>The front
edge (in direction of motion) of a supporting surface; -- contr. with
<i>following edge</i>, which is the rear edge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ad*van"cing sur"face</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>The
first of two or more surfaces arranged in tandem; -- contr. with
<i>following surface</i>, which is the rear surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>&AElig;*ol"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Aeolus</i>, Gr.
&?;, name of the god of the winds.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, caused by, or designating, the action of the wind
in modifying the earth's surface; as, <i>&aelig;olic</i> erosion;
<i>&aelig;olic</i> sand.</def> [Written also <i>eolic</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
supplies with air or gas</def>; specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
apparatus used for charging mineral waters with gas and in making soda
water.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A fumigator used to bleach
grain, destroying fungi and insects.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A"&euml;r*en`chym</hw> (?),  <hw>||A`&euml;r*en"chy*ma</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>a&euml;renchyma</i>. See
<u>A&euml;ro-</u>; <u>Enchyma</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A secondary
respiratory tissue or modified periderm, found in many aquatic plants
and distinguished by the large intercellular spaces.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*&euml;`ri*al rail"way`</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
stretched wire or rope elevated above the ground and forming a way
along which a trolley may travel, for conveying a load suspended from
the trolley.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An elevated
cableway.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*&euml;"ri*al sick"ness</hw>. <def>A sickness felt by
a&euml;ronauts due to high speed of flights and rapidity in changing
altitudes, combining some symptoms of mountain sickness and some of
seasickness.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
a&euml;roplane, airship, or the like.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o"bic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Growing or thriving only in the presence of oxygen; also,
pertaining to, or induced by, a&euml;robies; as, <i>a&euml;robic</i>
fermentation.</def> -- <wf>A`&euml;r*o"bic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*boat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + <i>boat</i>.] <def>A form of hydro-
a&euml;roplane; a flying boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*bus`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + <i>bus</i>.] <def>An a&euml;roplane or airship designed to
carry passengers.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*club`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + <i>club</i>.] <def>A club or association of
persons interested in a&euml;ronautics.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*curve`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + <i>curve</i>.] <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A
modification of the a&euml;roplane, having curved surfaces, the
advantages of which were first demonstrated by Lilienthal.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;*ro*do*net"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + Gr. &?; shaken, &?; to shake.]
<i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>The science of gliding and soaring
flight.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;*ro*drome`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + Gr. &?; a running.] <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A shed for housing an airship or
a&euml;roplane.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A ground or field, esp.
one equipped with housing and other facilities, used for flying
purposes.</def> -- <wf>A`&euml;r*o*drom"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*foil`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + <i>foil</i>.] <def>A plane or arched surface for
sustaining bodies by its movement through the air; a spread wing, as
of a bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*gun`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>A&euml;ro-
</i> + <i>gun</i>.] <def>A cannon capable of being trained at very
high angles for use against aircraft.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o*me*chan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mechanic or mechanician expert in the art and practice of
a&euml;ronautics.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A`&euml;r*o*me*chan"ic</hw> (?),
<hw>A`&euml;r*o*me*chan"ical</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pert. to a&euml;romechanics.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o*me*chan"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
science of equilibrium and motion of air or an a&euml;riform fluid,
including a&euml;rodynamics and a&euml;rostatics.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*nat`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>a&eacute;ronat</i>. See <u>A&euml;ro-</u>; <u>Natation</u>.] <def>A
dirigible balloon.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*nef`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>a&eacute;ronef</i>.] <def>A power-driven, heavier-than-air flying
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*phone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + Gr. &?; voice.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A form
of combined speaking and ear trumpet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An instrument, proposed by Edison, for greatly intensifying
speech. It consists of a phonograph diaphragm so arranged that its
action opens and closes valves, producing synchronous air blasts
sufficient to operate a larger diaphragm with greater amplitude of
vibration.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*plane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + <i>plane</i>.] <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A
light rigid plane used in a&euml;rial navigation to oppose sudden
upward or downward movement in the air, as in gliding machines;
specif., such a plane slightly inclined and driven forward as a
lifting device in some flying machines; hence, a flying machine using
such a device. These machines are called monoplanes, biplanes,
triplanes, or quadruplanes, according to the number of main supporting
planes used in their constraction. Being heavier than air they depend
for their levitation on motion imparted by one or more propellers
actuated by a gasoline engine. They start from the ground by a run on
small wheels or runners, and are guided by a steering apparatus
consisting of horizontal and vertical movable planes. There are many
varieties of form and construction, which in some cases are known by
the names of their inventors.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*plan`ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who flies in an a&euml;roplane.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*stat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A passive balloon; a balloon without
motive power.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o*sta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That
part of a&euml;ronautics that deals with passive balloons.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A"&euml;r*o*tax`is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>A&euml;ro-</u>; <u>Taxis</u>.] <i>(Bacteriology)</i> <def>The
positive or negative stimulus exerted by oxygen on a&euml;robic and
ana&euml;robic bacteria.</def> -- <wf>A`&euml;r*o*tac"tic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>A`&euml;r*o*ther`a*pen"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + <i>therapeutics</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Treatment of disease by the use of air or other gases.</def></p>

<p><hw>A"&euml;r*o*yacht`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>A&euml;ro-</i> + <i>yacht</i>.] <def>A form of hydro-
a&euml;roplane; a flying boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&AElig;"sir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Icel., pl. of
<i>&amacr;ss</i> god.] <def>In the old Norse mythology, the gods Odin,
Thor, Loki, Balder, Frigg, and the others. Their home was called
Asgard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af*fect"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Psychotherapy)</i>
<def>The emotional complex associated with an idea or mental state. In
hysteria, the <i>affect</i> is sometimes entirely dissociated,
sometimes transferred to another than the original idea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Af`fiche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>afficher</i> to affix.] <def>A written or printed notice to be
posted, as on a wall; a poster; a placard.</def></p>

<p><hw>Af"fri*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>affricatus</i>, p. p. of <i>affricare</i> to rub against; <i>af- =
ad-</i> + <i>fricare</i> to rub.] <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A combination of
a stop, or explosive, with an immediately following fricative or
spirant of corresponding organic position, as <i>pf</i> in german
<i>Pfeffer</i>, pepper, <i>z</i> (<i>= ts</i>) in German <i>Zeit</i>,
time.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1962 !></p>

<p><hw>A*float"</hw>, <pos><i>adv. &amp; a.</i></pos> <def>Covered with
water bearing floating articles; flooded; as, the decks are
<i>afloat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A. F. of L.</hw> (Abbrev.) <def>American Federation of
Labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aft"er*sen*sa`tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Psychol.)</i> <def>A sensation or sense impression following the
removal of a stimulus producing a primary sensation, and reproducing
the primary sensation in positive, negative, or complementary form.
The aftersensation may be continuous with the primary sensation or
follow it after an interval.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`gar-a"gar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gelatinlike
substance, or a solution of it, prepared from certain seaweeds
containing gelose, and used in the artificial cultivation of bacteria;
-- often called <i>agar</i>, by abbreviation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In poker, the right
belonging to the player to the left of the dealer to pass the first
round in betting, and then to come in last or stay out; also, the
player holding this position; the eldest hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag*grade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aggraded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aggrading</u>.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>To bring, or tend to
bring, to a uniform grade, or slope, by addition of material; as,
streams <i>aggrade</i> their beds by depositing sediment.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ag"nus Scyth"i*cus</hw> (?). [L., Scythian lamb.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The Scythian lamb, a kind of woolly-skinned
rootstock. See <u>Barometz</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ag"ro*tech`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.  &?; field,
land + &?; an art.] <def>That branch of agriculture dealing with the
methods of conversion of agricultural products into manufactured
articles; agricultural technology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ai"le*ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>aile</i> wing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A half gable, as at the
end of a penthouse or of the aisle of a church.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A small plane or
surface capable of being manipulated by the pilot of a flying machine
to preserve or destroy lateral balance; a hinged wing tip; a lateral
stabilizing or balancing plane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air brush</hw>. <def>A kind of atomizer for applying liquid
coloring matter in a spray by compressed air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air cooling</hw>. <def>In gasoline-engine motor vehicles, the
cooling of the cylinder by increasing its radiating surface by means
of ribs or radiators, and placing it so that it is exposed to a
current of air. Cf. <u>Water cooling</u>.</def> -- <wf>Air"-
cooled`</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Air"craft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> <def>Any
device, as a balloon, a&euml;roplane, etc., for floating in, or flying
through, the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air gap</hw>. <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An air-filled gap in a
magnetic or electric circuit; specif., in a dynamo or motor, the space
between the field-magnet poles and the armature; clearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air hole</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A local region in
the atmosphere having a downward movement and offering less than
normal support for the sustaining surfaces of a flying
machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air line</hw>. <def>A path through the air made easy for
a&euml;rial navigation by steady winds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man who ascends
or flies in an aircraft; a flying machine pilot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air"man*ship</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Art, skill, or
ability in the practice of a&euml;rial navigation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Air"ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A
grayish green antiseptic powder, consisting of a basic iodide and
gallate of bismuth, sometimes used in place of iodoform.</def> [A
Trademark]</p>

<p><hw>Air`sick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected with
a&euml;rial sickness</def>. -- <wf>Air"sick`ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Air"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman who
ascends or flies in an aircraft.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Aj"a*va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Ajouan</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Aj"ou*an</hw>  <hw>||Aj"ow*an</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>ajwain</i>.] [Prob. native
name.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The fruit of <i>Ammi Copticum</i>, syn.
<i>Carum Ajowan</i>, used both as a medicine and as a condiment. An
oil containing thymol is extracted from it. Called also <i>Javanee
seed</i>, <i>Javanese seed</i>, and <i>ajava</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*la"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
priv. + &?; a talking; cf. &?; speechless.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inability to utter articulate sounds, due either to paralysis of
the larynx or to that form of aphasia, called <i>motor</i>, or
<i>ataxis</i>, <i>aphasia</i>, due to loss of control of the muscles
of speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"bert ware</hw>. <def>A soft ornamental terra-cotta pottery,
sold in the biscuit state for decorating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Alb Sunday</hw>. <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The first Sunday after
Easter Sunday, properly <i>Albless Sunday</i>, because in the early
church those who had been baptized on Easter eve laid aside on the
following Saturday their white albs which had been put on after
baptism.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*bu`mi*no"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. E.
<i>albumin</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition due to
excessive increase of albuminous elements in the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*cade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Var. of
<u>Alcaid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`cal*di"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>Alcald&iacute;a</i>.] <def>The jurisdiction or office of an
alcalde; also, the building or chamber in which he conducts the
business of his office.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`cor*no"que</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., cork
tree.] <def>The bark of several trees, esp. of <i>Bowdichia
virgilioides</i> of Brazil, used as a remedy for consumption; of
<i>Byrsonima crassifolia</i>, used in tanning; of <i>Alchornea
latifolia</i>, used medicinally; or of <i>Quercus ilex</i>, the cork
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"der fly</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any of numerous
neuropterous insects of the genus <i>Sialis</i> or allied genera. They
have aquatic larv&aelig;, which are used for bait.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Angling)</i> <def>An artificial fly with
brown mottled wings, body of peacock harl, and black legs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"dol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Ald</i>ehyde + <i>-
ol</i> as in <i>alcohol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless liquid,
C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, obtained by condensation of
two molecules of acetaldehyde: CH3CHO + CH3CHO = H3CH(OH)CH2CO; also,
any of various derivatives of this. The same reaction has been
applied, under the name of <col><b>aldol condensation</b></col>, to
the production of many compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al"em</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. <i>'alem</i>, fr.
Ar. <i>'alam</i>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The imperial standard of the
Turkish Empire.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*lep"po boil</hw>, <hw>button</hw>, or <hw>evil</hw>  }.
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A chronic skin affection terminating in an ulcer,
most commonly of the face. It is endemic along the Mediterranean, and
is probably due to a specific bacillus. Called also <i>Aleppo
ulcer</i>, <i>Biskara boil</i>, <i>Delhi boil</i>, <i>Oriental
sore</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aleppo grass</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the cultivated
forms of <i>Andropogon Halepensis</i> (syn. <i>Sorghum Halepense</i>).
See <u>Andropogon</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*leu"ro*nat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Aleurone</u>.] <def>Flour made of aleurone, used as a substitute
for ordinary flour in preparing bread for diabetic persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*lex"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; <i>a-</i> not
+ Gr. &?; speech, fr. &?; to speak, confused with L. <i>legere</i> to
read.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>As used by some,
inability to read aloud, due to brain disease.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>More commonly, inability, due to brain
disease, to understand written or printed symbols although they can be
seen, as in case of word blindness.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Al*fil`e*ri"a</hw> ,  <hw>||Al*fil`e*ril"la</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mex. Sp., fr. Sp. <i>alfiler</i> pin.] <def>Same
as <u>Alfilaria</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al*for"ja</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also
<i>alfarga</i>, <i>alforge</i>.] [Sp.] <def>A saddlebag.</def> [Sp.
Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>Al"gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
nitrogenous substance resembling gelatin, obtained from certain
alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*gom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; pain +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Psychol.)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring
sensations of pain due to pressure. It has a piston rod with a blunted
tip which is pressed against the skin.</def> -- <wf>Al*gom"e*try</wf>
(#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Al`go*met"ric</wf> (#),
<wf>*met"ric*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Al`go*met"ric*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Al*gon"ki*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Var. of <u>Algonquian</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to or
designating a period or era recognized by the United States Geological
Survey and some other authorities, between the Arch&aelig;an and the
Paleozoic, from both of which it is generally separated in the record
by unconformities. Algonkian rocks are both sedimentary and igneous.
Although fossils are rare, life certainly existed in this
period.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>The Algonkian period or
era, or system or group of systems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*gon"qui*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to
or designating the most extensive of the linguistic families of North
American Indians, their territory formerly including practically all
of Canada east of the 115th meridian and south of Hudson's Bay and the
part of the United States east of the Mississippi and north of
Tennessee and Virginia, with the exception of the territory occupied
by the northern Iroquoian tribes. There are nearly 100,000 Indians of
the Algonquian tribes, of which the strongest are the Ojibwas
(Chippewas), Ottawas, Crees, Algonquins, Micmacs, and Blackfeet.</def>
-- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>An Algonquian Indian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`i*phat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, oil,
fat.] <i>(Org. Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or derived from,
fat; fatty; -- applied to compounds having an openc-hain structure.
The <i>aliphatic</i> compounds thus include not only the <i>fatty</i>
acids and other derivatives of the paraffin hydrocarbons, but also
unsaturated compounds, as the ethylene and acetylene series.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ka*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Soluble mineral
matter, other than common salt, contained in soils of natural
waters.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Alkali flat</hw>. <def>A sterile plain, containing an excess of
alkali, at the bottom of an undrained basin in an arid region; a
playa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Alkali soil</hw>. <def>Any one of various soils found in arid
and semiarid regions, containing an unusual amount of soluble mineral
salts which effloresce in the form of a powder or crust (usually
white) in dry weather following rains or irrigation. The basis of
these salts is mainly soda with a smaller amount of potash, and
usually a little lime and  magnesia. Two main classes of alkali are
commonly distinguished: <i>black alkali</i>, which may be any alkaline
carbonate, but which practically consists of sodium carbonate (sal
soda), which is highly corrosive and destructive to vegetation; and
<i>white alkali</i>, characterized by the presence of sodium sulphate
(Glauber's salt), which is less injurious to vegetation. Black alkali
is so called because water containing it dissolves humus, forming a
dark-colored solution which, when it collects in puddles and
evaporates, produces characteristic black spots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Alkali waste</hw>. <def>Waste material from the manufacture of
alkali; specif., soda waste.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`le*ghe"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Al`le*gha"ni*an</hw>. <i>(Biogeography)</i> <def>Pertaining to or
designating the humid division of the Transition zone extending across
the northern United States from New England to eastern Dakota, and
including also most of Pennsylvania and the mountainous region as far
south as northern Georgia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"le*ghe`ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to the Allegheny Mountains, or the region where
they are situated. Also <hw>Al"le*gha`ny</hw>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  [From the <i>Allegheny</i> River,
Pennsylvania.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to or designating a
subdivision of the Pennsylvanian coal measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*le"lo*morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; of one
another + Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>One of the pure unit
characters commonly existing singly or in pairs in the germ cells of
Mendelian hybrids, and exhibited in varying proportion among the
organisms themselves. Allelomorphs which under certain circumstances
are themselves compound are called <i>hypallelomorphs</i>. See
<u>Mendel's law</u>.</def> -- <wf>Al*le`lo*mor"phic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>As we know that the several unit characters are of such
a nature that any one of them is capable of independently displacing
or being displaced by one or more alternative characters taken singly,
we may recognize this fact by naming such characters
<i>allelomorphs</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Bateson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Al"li*ga`tor wrench</hw>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A kind of pipe
wrench having a flaring jaw with teeth on one side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`lo*troph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; other +
<i>trophic</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Changed or
modified in nutritive power by the process of digestion.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Plant Physiol.)</i> <def>Dependent upon other
organisms for nutrition; heterotrophic; -- said of plants unable to
perform photosynthesis, as all saprophytes; -- opposed to
<i>autotrophic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"loy steel</hw>. <def>Any steel containing a notable quantity
of some other metal alloyed with the iron, usually chromium, nickel,
manganese, tungsten, or vanadium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*lu"vi*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Alluvial soil;
specif., in Australia, gold-bearing alluvial soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"pen*glow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A reddish glow
seen near sunset or sunrise on the summits of mountains; specif., a
reillumination sometimes observed after the summits have passed into
shadow, supposed to be due to a curving downward (refraction) of the
light rays from the west resulting from the cooling of the
air.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Al"pen*horn`</hw> (?), <hw>Alp"horn`</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>Alpenhorn</i>.] <def>A curved wooden horn
about three feet long, with a cupped mouthpiece and a bell, used by
the Swiss to sound the <i>ranz des vaches</i> and other melodies. Its
notes are open harmonics of the tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al*pes"trine</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Growing on the elevated parts of mountains, but not above the
timbe&?; line; subalpine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"pha pa"per</hw>. <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A sensitized paper
for obtaining positives by artificial light. It is coated with gelatin
containing silver bromide and chloride.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Alpha rays</hw>. <i>(Physics &amp; Chem.)</i> <def>Rays of
relatively low penetrating power emitted by radium and other
radioactive substances, and shown to consist of positively charged
particles (perhaps particles of helium) having enormous velocities but
small masses. They are slightly deflected by a strong magnetic or
electric field.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"phol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Alpha-</i> + <i>-
ol</i> as in <i>alcohol</i>.] <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A crystalline
derivative of salicylic acid, used as an antiseptic and
antirheumatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al`ter`nat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A usage,
among diplomats, of rotation in precedence among representatives of
equal rank, sometimes determined by lot and at other times in regular
order. The practice obtains in the signing of treaties and conventions
between nations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter*nat`ing cur"rent</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A current
which periodically changes or reverses its direction of
flow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al"ter*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>An electric generator or dynamo for producing alternating
currents.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Al"thing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel. (modern)
<i>alping</i>, earlier <i>alpingi</i>; <i>allr</i> all + <i>ping</i>
assembly. See <u>All</u>, and <u>Thing</u>.] <def>The national
assembly or parliament of Iceland. See <u>Thing</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 8.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`to-cu"mu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>altus</i>
high + L. &amp; E. <i>cumulus</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A fleecy cloud
formation consisting of large whitish or grayish globular cloudlets
with shaded  portions, often grouped in flocks or rows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Al`to-stra"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>altus</i>
high + L. &amp; E. <i>stratus</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A cloud
formation similar to cirro-stratus, but heavier and at a lower
level.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*lu`mi*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Alumin</i>-ium + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>Art or process of
producing, and printing from, aluminium plates, after the manner of
ordinary lithography.</def> -- <wf>A*lu`mi*no*graph"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Al"ve*o*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phon.)</i>
<def>Articulated with the tip of the tongue pressing against the
alveolar processes of the upper front teeth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`a*ni"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Amanitine</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of poisonous fungi of
the family <i>Agaricace&aelig;</i>, characterized by having a volva,
an annulus, and white spores. The species resemble edible mushrooms,
and are frequently mistaken for them. <i>Amanita muscaria</i>, syn.
<i>Agaricus muscarius</i>, is the fly amanita, or fly agaric; and
<i>A. phalloides</i> is the death cup.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Am*ba"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <hw>Ambary
hemp</hw>  }. [Hind. <i>amb&amacr;r&amacr;</i>,
<i>amb&amacr;r&imacr;</i>.] <def>A valuable East Indian fiber plant
(<i>Hibiscus cannabinus</i>), or its fiber, which is used throughout
India for making ropes, cordage, and a coarse canvas and sackcloth; --
called also <i>brown Indian hemp</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*boy"na but"ton</hw>. <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A chronic contagious
affection of the skin, prevalent in the tropics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Amboyna pine</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The resiniferous tree
<i>Agathis Dammara</i>, of the Moluccas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*bro"sia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The food of certain small bark beetles, family
<i>Scolytid&aelig;</i> believed to be fungi cultivated by the beetles
in their burrows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ambrosia beetle</hw>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A bark beetle
that feeds on ambrosia.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mer"i*can plan</hw>. <def>In hotels, aplan upon which guests
pay for both room and board by the day, week, or other convenient
period; -- contrasted with <i>European plan</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*mer"i*can Pro*tect"ive As*so`ci*a"tion</hw>. <def>A secret
organization in the United States, formed in Iowa in 1887, ostensibly
for the protection of American institutions by keeping Roman Catholics
out of public office. Abbrev. commonly to <i>A. P .A</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"i*dol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Amide</i> + <i>-
ol</i> as in <i>alcohol</i>.] <i>(Photog. &amp; Chem.)</i> <def>A salt of
a diamino phenol,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>(OH)(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, used as a
developer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*mi"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Amigos</b></plw> (#). [Sp., fr. L. <i>amicus</i>.] <def>A
friend; -- a Spanish term applied in the Philippine Islands to
friendly natives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"i*nol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>amine</i>.]
<i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A colorless liquid prepared from herring brine
and containing amines, used as a local antiseptic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"ish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>Omish</i>.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>The Amish
Mennonites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"ish</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also <i>Omish</i>.]
<i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, the
followers of Jacob <i>Amman</i>, a strict Mennonite of the 17th
century, who even proscribed the use of buttons and shaving as
"worldly conformity". There are several branches of Amish Mennonites
in the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Am`i*to"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>A-</u>
not, and <u>Mitosis</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Cell division in which
there is first a simple cleavage of the nucleus without change in its
structure (such as the formation of chromosomes), followed by the
division of the cytoplasm; direct cell division; -- opposed to
<i>mitosis</i>. It is not the usual mode of division, and is believed
by many to occur chiefly in highly specialized cells which are
incapable of long-continued multiplication, in transitory structures,
and in those in early stages of degeneration.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1963 !></p>

<p><hw>Am`i*tot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to amitosis; karyostenotic; -- opposed to
<i>mitotic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"mo*nal`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Ammon</i>ium +
<i>al</i>uminium.] <def>An explosive consisting of a mixture of
powdered aluminium and nitrate of ammonium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`mo*ni"a*cal fer`men*ta"tion</hw>. <def>Any fermentation
process by which ammonia is formed, as that by which urea is converted
into ammonium carbonate when urine is exposed to the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*mo"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mex.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any detergent plant, or the part of it used as a detergent, as
the roots of <i>Agave Americana</i>, <i>Chlorogalum pomeridianum</i>,
etc.</def> [Sp. Amer. &amp; Mex.]</p>

<p><hw>||Am`pe*lop"sis</hw> (&abreve;m`p&esl;*l&obreve;p"s&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'a`mpelos</grk> vine +
<grk>'o`psis</grk> appearance.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus formerly
including the Virginia creeper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am*per"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>The strength of a current of electricity carried by a conductor
or generated by a machine, measured in amp&egrave;res.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`p&egrave;re" foot</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A unit, employed
in calculating fall of pressure in distributing mains, equivalent to a
current of one amp&egrave;re flowing through one foot of
conductor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Amp&egrave;re hour</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The quantity of
electricity delivered in one hour by a current whose average strength
is one amp&egrave;re. It is used as a unit of quantity, and is equal
to 3600 coulombs. The terms <hw>Amp&egrave;re minute</hw> and
<hw>Amp&egrave;re second</hw> are sometimes similarly used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Amp&egrave;re turn</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A unit equal to
the product of one complete convolution (of a coiled conductor) into
one amp&egrave;re of current; thus, a conductor having five
convolutions and carrying a current of half an amp&egrave;re is said
to have 2&frac12; <i>amp&egrave;re turns</i>. The magnetizing effect
of a coil is proportional to the number of its <i>amp&egrave;re
turns</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Amt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Amter</b></plw> (#), <plw><b>E</b></plw>.
<plw><b>Amts</b></plw> (#). [Dan. &amp; Norw., fr. G.] <def>An
administrative territorial division in Denmark and Norway.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Each of the provinces [of Denmark] is divided into
several <i>amts</i>, answering . . . to the English
hundreds.</blockquote>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Am"vis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Am</i>monium
(nitrate) + L. <i>vis</i> strength, force.] <def>An explosive
consisting of ammonium nitrate, a derivative of nitrobenzene,
chlorated napthalene, and wood meal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*myg"da*la</hw> (&adot;*m&ibreve;g"d&adot;*l&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-l&aelig;</b></plw> (-l&emacr;).
[L., an almond, fr. Gr. <grk>'amygda`lh</grk>. See <u>Almond</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An almond.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Anat.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of
the tonsils of the pharynx.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of the
rounded prominences of the lower surface of the lateral hemispheres of
the cerebellum, each side of the vallecula.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am"yl al"co*hol</hw>. <i>(Org. Chem.)</i> <def>Any of eight
isomeric liquid compounds, C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>11</sub>OH; ordinarily,
a mixture of two of these forming a colorless liquid with a peculiar
cough-exciting odor and burning taste, the chief constituent of fusel
oil. It is used as a source of amyl compounds, such as amyl acetate,
amyl nitrite, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Amyl nitrite</hw>. <def>A yellowish oily volatile liquid,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>11</sub>NO<sub>2</sub>, used in medicine as a heart
stimulant and a vasodilator. The inhalation of its vapor instantly
produces flushing of the face.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*myl"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Amylum</i> +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>That part of the starch granule or
granulose which is soluble in water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`y*lo*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Amylum</i> + <i>genesis</i>.] <def>The formation of
starch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`y*lo*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of or pert. to amylogen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Forming starch; -- applied specif. to
leucoplasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`y*lol"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Amylum</i> +
Gr. &?; a loosing.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The conversion of starch into
soluble products, as dextrins and sugar, esp. by the action of
enzymes.</def> -- <wf>Am`y*lo*lyt"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Am`y*lom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Amylum</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <def>Instrument for determining the amount of starch
in a substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`y*lo*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Amylum</i>
+ <i>-plastic</i>.] <def>Starch-forming; amylogenic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Am`y*lop"sin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Amylum</i> +
Gr. &?; appearance.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>The diastase of the
pancreatic juice.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"a*branch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Ana</i>stomosing + <i>branch</i>.] <def>A branch of a river that
re&euml;nters, or anastomoses with, the main stream; also, less
properly, a branch which loses itself in sandy soil.</def>
[Australia]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such branches of a river as after separation reunite, I
would term anastomosing branches; or, if a word might be coined,
<i>anabranches</i>, and the islands they form branch
islands.</blockquote>  <i>Col. Jackson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||An*a`&euml;r*o"bi*a</hw> (?), <hw>An*a"&euml;r*obes</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. <i>anaerobia</i>; <i>an-</i>not +
<i>a&euml;ro-</i> + Gr.&?; life.] <i>(Bacteriol.)</i>
<def>Ana&euml;robic bacteria. They are called <i>facultative</i>
ana&euml;robia when able to live either in the presence or absence of
free oxygen; <i>obligate</i>, or <i>obligatory</i>, ana&euml;robia
when they thrive only in its absence.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*a`&euml;*rob"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>an-
</i>not + <i>a&euml;robic</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Not requiring air
or oxygen for life; -- applied especially to those microbes to which
free oxygen is unnecessary; ana&euml;robiotic; -- opposed to
<i>a&euml;robic</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An*al"gen</hw> (?), <hw>An*al"gene</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>} [Gr. &?; painless.] <def>A crystalline compound
used as an antipyretic and analgesic, employed chiefly in rheumatism
and neuralgia. It is a complex derivative of quinoline.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*mor"pho*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Anamorpho</i>sis + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An instrument for
restoring a picture or image distorted by anamorphosis to its normal
proportions. It usually consists of a cylindrical mirror.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`a*seis"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?; a
shaking up and down.] <def>Moving up and down; -- said of earthquake
shocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*as`tig*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>an-
</i>not + <i>astigmatic</i>.] <i>(Optics)</i> <def>Not astigmatic; --
said esp. of a lens system which consists of a converging lens and a
diverging lens of equal and opposite astigmatism but different focal
lengths, and sensibly free from astigmatism.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nas"to*mose</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Of any
channels or lines, to meet and unite or run into each other, as
rivers; to coalesce; to interjoin.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"chor es*cape"ment</hw>. <i>(Horol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The common recoil escapement.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
variety of the lever escapement with a wide impulse pin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Anchor light</hw>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The lantern shown at
night by a vessel at anchor. International rules of the road require
vessels at anchor to carry from sunset to sunrise a single white light
forward if under 150 feet in length, and if longer, two such lights,
one near the stern and one forward.</def></p>

<p><hw>Anchor shot</hw>. <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>A shot made with the
object balls in an anchor space.</def></p>

<p><hw>Anchor space</hw>. <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>In the balk-line
game, any of eight spaces, 7 inches by 3&frac12;, lying along a
cushion and bisected transversely by a balk line. Object balls in an
anchor space are treated as in balk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Anchor watch</hw>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A detail of one or more
men who keep watch on deck at night when a vessel is at
anchor.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"cil*la*ry ad*min`is*tra"tion</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>An
administration subordinate to, and in aid of, the primary or principal
administration of an estate.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`dro*ceph"a*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, man + &?; head.] <def>Having a human head (upon an animal's
body), as the Egyptian sphinx.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`dro*di*&oelig;"cious</hw>, <hw>-di*e"cious</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, man + E. <i>di&oelig;cious</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Having perfect and staminate flowers on different
plants.</def> -- <wf>An`dro*di*&oelig;"cism</wf>, <wf>-di*e"cism</wf>
(#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>An"dro*mede</hw> (?), <hw>An"dro*med</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>} <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A meteor appearing to
radiate from a point in the constellation Andromeda, -- whence the
name.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A shower of these meteors takes place every year on November
27th or 28th. The Andromedes are also called <i>Bielids</i>, as they
are connected with Biela's comet and move in its orbit.</p>

<p><hw>||An`dro*po"gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr.
<grk>'anh`r</grk>, <grk>'andro`s</grk>, man + <grk>pw`gwn</grk> the
beard.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A very large and important genus of
grasses, found in nearly all parts of the world. It includes the lemon
grass of Ceylon and the beard grass, or broom sedge, of the United
States. The principal subgenus is <i>Sorghum</i>, including  <i>A.
sorghum</i> and <i>A. halepensis</i>, from which have been derived the
Chinese sugar cane, the Johnson grass, the Aleppo grass, the broom
corn, and the durra, or Indian millet. Several East Indian species, as
<i>A. nardus</i> and <i>A. sch&oelig;nanthus</i>, yield fragrant oils,
used in perfumery.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`e*mo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.&?;
wind.] <def>A condition in the wood of some trees in which the rings
are separated, as some suppose, by the action of high winds upon the
trunk; wind shake.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||An*er"gi*a</hw> , <hw>An"er*gy</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>anergia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;- not + &?;
work.] <def>Lack of energy; inactivity.</def> -- <wf>An*er"gic</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||An`gi*o"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>L. pl.</i>
<plw><b>-omata</b></plw> (#). [NL.; <i>angio-</i> + <i>-oma</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A tumor composed chiefly of dilated blood or lymph
vessels.</def> -- <wf>An`gi*om"a*tous</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||An`gi*o*neu*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.;
<i>angio-</i> + <i>neurosis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any disorder of
the vasomotor system; neurosis of a blood vessel.</def> --
<wf>An`gi*o*neu*rot"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An`gi*op"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Angio-</i> +
Gr. &?; disease.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Disease of the vessels, esp. the
blood vessels.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"gle of en"try</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>The angle
between the tangent to the advancing edge (of an a&euml;rocurve) and
the line of motion; -- contrasted with <i>angle of trail</i>, which is
the angle between the tangent to the following edge and the line of
motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Angle of incidence</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>The
angle between the chord of an a&euml;rocurve and the relative
direction of the undisturbed air current.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"glo-Ca*thol"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
belief of those in the Church of England who accept many doctrines and
practices which they maintain were those of the primitive, or true,
Catholic Church, of which they consider the Church of England to be
the lineal descendant.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*gus"ti*clave</hw>
(&abreve;n*g&ubreve;s"t&ibreve;*kl&amacr;v), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>angustus</i> narrow + <i>clavus</i> a nail, a stripe.] <i>(Rom.
Antiq.)</i> <def>A narrow stripe of purple worn by the equites on each
side of the tunic as a sign of rank.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"i*lin*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Aniline</i> +
<i>-ism</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease due to inhaling the
poisonous fumes present in the manufacture of aniline.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`i*mal"cu*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The theory that the spermatozo&ouml;n and not the ovum contains
the whole of the embryo; spermatism; -- opposed to
<i>ovism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`i*so*co"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; + &?; pupil.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inequality of the pupils of the
eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"i*sol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Anis</i>ic + <i>-
ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Methyl phenyl ether,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OCH<sub>3</sub>, got by distilling anisic
acid or by the action of methide on potassium phenolate.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||An`i*so*me*tro"pi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; + &?; measure + &?;, &?;, eye.] <def>Unequal refractive power
in the two eyes.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"i*so*spore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; priv. +
<i>isospore</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A sexual spore in which the
sexes differ in size; -- opposed to <i>isospore</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"i*syl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Org. Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The univalent radical,
CH<sub>3</sub>OC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>, of which anisol is the
hydride.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The univalent radical
CH<sub>3</sub>OC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>; as,
<i>anisyl</i> alcohol.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The univalent
radical CH<sub>3</sub>OC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>CO, of anisic
acid.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>||A*ni"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
tos</b></plw> (#). [Sp.] <def>In Guam and the Philippines, an idol,
fetich, or spirit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ankh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Egypt.] <i>(Egypt.
Arch&aelig;ol.)</i>  <def>A tau cross with a loop at the top, used as
an attribute or sacred emblem, symbolizing generation or enduring
life. Called also <i>crux ansata</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"kus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind., fr. Skr.
<i>a&ndot;ku&ccedil;a</i>.] <def>An elephant goad with a sharp spike
and hook, resembling a short-handled boat hook.</def> [India]
<i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>||An`ky*los*to*mi"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. <i>Ankylostoma</i>, var. of <i>Agchylostoma</i>, generic name of
one genus of the parasitic nematodes.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease
due to the presence of the parasites <i>Agchylostoma duodenale</i>,
<i>Uncinaria</i> (subgenus <i>Necator</i>) <i>americana</i>, or allied
nematodes, in the small intestine. When present in large numbers they
produce a severe an&aelig;mia by sucking the blood from the intestinal
walls.  Called also <i>miner's an&aelig;mia</i>, <i>tunnel
disease</i>, <i>brickmaker's an&aelig;mia</i>, <i>Egyptian
chlorosis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An"laut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.; <i>an</i> on +
<i>laut</i> sound.] <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>An initial sound, as of a word
or syllable.</def></p>

<p> -- <col><b>Im anlaut</b></col>, <cd>initially; when initial; --
used of sounds.</cd></p>

<p><hw>An*nun`ci*a"tion lil"y</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The common
white lily (<i>Lilium candidum</i>). So called because it is usually
introduced by painters in pictures of the Annunciation.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`o*et"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; unthinkable;
&?; priv. + &?; perceptible, thinkable.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Unthinkable.</def> [Rare]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Psychol.)</i> <def>Not subject to conscious
attention; having an indefinite, relatively passive, conscious being;
characteristic of the "fringe" or "margin" of consciousness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Presentation considered as having an existence
relatively independent of thought, may be called sentience, or
<i>anoetic</i> consciousness. Thought and sentience are fundamentally
distinct mental functions.</blockquote>  <i>G. F. Stout.</i></p>

<p><hw>||A*noph"e*les</hw> (&adot;*n&obreve;f"&esl;*l&emacr;z),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>'anwfelh`s</grk> useless,
hurtful.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of mosquitoes which are
secondary hosts of the malaria parasites, and whose bite is the usual,
if not the only, means of infecting human beings with malaria. Several
species are found in the United States. They may be distinguished from
the ordinary mosquitoes of the genus <i>Culex</i> by the long slender
palpi, nearly equaling the beak in length, while those of the female
<i>Culex</i> are very short. They also assume different positions when
resting, <i>Culex</i> usually holding the body parallel to the surface
on which it rests and keeping the head and beak bent at an angle,
while <i>Anopheles</i> holds the body at an angle with the surface and
the head and beak in line with it. Unless they become themselves
infected by previously biting a subject affected with malaria, the
insects cannot transmit the disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nor"tho*clase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; priv. +
<i>orthoclase</i>.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A feldspar closely related to
orthoclase, but triclinic. It is chiefly a silicate of sodium,
potassium, and aluminium. Sp. gr., 2.57 -- 2.60.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`or*tho"pi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; priv. + <i>ortho-</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, the eye.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Distorted vision, in which straight lines appear bent.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*nor"tho*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>anorthose</i> triclinic feldspar (fr. Gr. &?; priv. + &?; straight)
+ <i>-ite</i>.] <i>(Petrol.)</i> <def>A granular igneous rock composed
almost exclusively of a soda-lime feldspar, usually
labradorite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`ox*&aelig;"mi*a</hw>, <hw>-e"mi*a</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr. &?; priv. + <i>ox</i>ygen + Gr. &?;
blood.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An abnormal condition due to deficient
a&euml;ration of the blood, as in balloon sickness, mountain
sickness.</def> -- <wf>An`ox*&aelig;"mic</wf>, <wf>*e"mic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ant cow</hw>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any aphid from which
ants obtain honeydew.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"te*choir`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A space inclosed or reserved at the entrance
to the choir, for the clergy and choristers.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Where a choir is divided, as in some Spanish churches, that
division of it which is the farther from the sanctuary.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`te mor"tem</hw> (?). [L.] <def>Before death; -- generally
used adjectivelly; as, an <i>ante-mortem</i> statement; <i>ante-
mortem</i> examination.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The ante-mortem statement, or dying declaration made in view
of death, by one injured, as to the cause and manner of the injury, is
often receivable in evidence against one charged with causing the
death.</p>

<p><hw>An*thoph"i*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'a`nqos</grk> flower + <grk>fi`los</grk> loving.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Lit., fond of flowers; hence, feeding upon,
or living among, flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"thra*cene oil</hw> (?). <def>A heavy green oil (partially
solidifying on cooling), which distills over from coal tar at a
temperature above 270&deg;. It is the principal source of
anthracene.</def></p>

<p><hw>An*thrac"nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
carbuncle + &?; disease.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of several fungus
diseases, caused by parasitic species of the series
<i>Melanconiales</i>, attacking the bean, grape, melon, cotton, and
other plants. In the case of the grape, brown concave spots are formed
on the stem and fruit, and the disease is called <i>bird's-eye
rot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||An`thra*co"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Anthrax</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A chronic lung disease, common
among coal miners, due to the inhalation of coal dust; -- called also
<i>collier's lung</i> and <i>miner's phthisis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"thrax vac"cine</hw>. <i>(Veter.)</i> <def>A fluid vaccine
obtained by growing a bacterium (<i>Bacterium anthracis</i>) in beef
broth. It is used to immunize animals, esp. cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*po*ge*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
man + <i>geography</i>.] <def>The science of the human species as to
geographical distribution and environment. Broadly, it includes
industrial, commercial, and political geography, and that part of
ethnology which deals with distribution and physical
environment.</def> -- <wf>An`thro*po*ge*og"ra*pher</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>An`thro*po*ge`o*graph"ic*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1964 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>An`thro*po*nom"ics</hw> (?), <hw>An`thro*pon"o*my</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>} [Gr. &?; man + &?; usage, law, rule.] <def>The
science of the laws of the development of the human organism in
relation to other organisms and to environment.</def> --
<wf>An`thro*po*nom"ic*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An`thro*pop"a*thite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
ascribes human feelings to deity.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*bac*te"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Inimical to bacteria; -- applied esp. to
serum for protection against bacterial diseases.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Opposed to the bacterial theory of
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*bod`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>Any of various bodies or substances in the blood which
act in antagonism to harmful foreign bodies, as toxins or the bacteria
producing the toxins. Normal blood serum apparently contains
variousantibodies, and the introduction of toxins or of foreign cells
also results in the development of their specific
antibodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*bu*bon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Good or
used against bubonic plague; as, <i>antibubonic</i> serum, obtained
from immunized horses; <i>antibubonic</i> vaccine, a sterilized
bouillon culture of the plague bacillus; <i>antibubonic</i>
measures.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*cline</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Anticlinal</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A structure of bedded rocks in
which the beds on both sides of an axis or axial plane dip away from
the axis; an anticlinal.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*co*her"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Wireless
Teleg.)</i> <def>A device, one form of which consists of a scratched
deposit of silver on glass, used in connection with the receiving
apparatus for reading wireless signals. The electric waves falling on
this contrivance increase its resistance several times. The
anticoherer can be used in conjunction with a telephone.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*diph`the*rit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Destructive to, or hindering the growth of,
diphtheria bacilli.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>An
antidiphtheritic agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti-im*pe"ri*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Opposition to imperialism; -- applied specif., in the United
States, after the Spanish-American war (1898), to the attitude or
principles of those opposing territorial expansion; in England, of
those, often called <i>Little Englanders</i>, opposing the extension
of the empire and the closer relation of its parts, esp. in matters of
commerce and imperial defense.</def> -- <wf>An`ti-
im*pe"ri*al*ist</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>An`ti-
im*pe`ri*al*is"tic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*mon*soon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Meteor.)</i>
<def>The upper, contrary-moving current of the atmosphere over a
monsoon.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti*pasch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>anti-</i>
+ <i>pasch</i>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The Sunday after Easter; Low
Sunday.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti-Sem"i*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Opposition
to, or hatred of, Semites, esp. Jews.</def> -- <wf>An`ti-Sem"ite</wf>
(#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>An`ti-Sem*it"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||An`ti*sep"sis</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Anti-</u>; <u>Sepsis</u>.] <def>Prevention of sepsis by excluding
or destroying microorganisms.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*si*al"a*gogue</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Checking the flow of saliva.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*si*al"a*gogue</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A remedy
against excessive salivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>An"ti-trade`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A westerly wind
which blows nearly continuously between 30&deg; and 50&deg; of
latitude in both the northern and the southern hemisphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>An`ti*ve"nin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>antivenen</i>, <i>antivenine</i>.] [Pref. <i>anti-</i> + L.
<i>venenum</i> poison.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>The serum of
blood rendered antitoxic to a venom by repeated injections of small
doses of the venom.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*part"ment house</hw>. <def>A building comprising a number of
suites designed for separate housekeeping tenements, but having
conveniences, such as heat, light, elevator service, etc., furnished
in common; -- often distinguished in the United States from a <i>flat
house</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`per`&ccedil;u"</hw> (&adot;`p&acirc;r`s&usdot;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>Aper&ccedil;us</b></plw> (-
s&usdot;"). [F., prop. p. p. of <i>apercevoir</i> to perceive.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A first view or glance, or the perception or
estimation so obtained; an immediate apprehension or insight,
appreciative rather than analytic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The main object being to develop the several
<i>aper&ccedil;us</i> or insights which furnish the method of such
psychology.</blockquote>  <i>W. T. Harris.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A series of partial and more or less disparate
<i>aper&ccedil;us</i> or outlooks; each for itself a center of
experience.</blockquote>  <i>James Ward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Hence, a brief or detached view;
conspectus; sketch.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*pho"tic</hw> (&adot;*f&omacr;"t&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'a`fws</grk>, <grk>'a`fwtos</grk>.]
<def>Without light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aphotic region</hw>. <i>(Phytogeog.)</i> <def>A depth of water
so great that only those organisms can exist that do not
assimilate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*phra"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>'a</grk> priv. + <grk>fra`sis</grk> speech.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>= <u>Dumbness</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A disorder of speech in which words can be uttered but not
intelligibly joined together.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`pi*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>apis</i> bee
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The scientific or systematic study of honey
bees.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*plan`o*ga*mete"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A nonmotile gamete, found in certain lower alg&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*pla"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr. &?; priv.
+ &?; a molding.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Incomplete or faulty
development.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`neu*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; not blown
through.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Devoid of air; free from air; as, an
<i>apneumatic</i> lung; also, effected by or with exclusion of air;
as, an <i>apneumatic</i> operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*poc"a*lypse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>One of a numerous class of writings proceeding from Jewish
authors between 250  <u>b. c.</u> and 150 <u>a. d.</u>, and designed
to propagate the Jewish faith or to cheer the hearts of the Jewish
people with the promise of deliverance and glory; or proceeding from
Christian authors of the opening centuries and designed to portray the
future.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*chro*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>apo-
</i> + <i>chromatic</i>.] <i>(Optics)</i> <def>Free from chromatic and
spherical aberration; -- said esp. of a lens in which rays of three or
more colors are brought to the same focus, the degree of achromatism
thus obtained being more complete than where two rays only are thus
focused, as in the ordinary achromatic objective.</def> --
<wf>Ap`o*chro"ma*tism</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*co*de"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>apo-
</i> + <i>codeine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An alkaloid, &?;, prepared
from codeine. In its effects it resembles apomorphine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`o*se*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>apo-
</i> + <i>sematic</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having or designating
conspicuous or warning colors or structures indicative of special
means of defense against enemies, as in the skunk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap`os*tol"ic del"e*gate</hw>. <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The
diplomatic agent of the pope highest in grade, superior to a
nuncio.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap`pel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop., a call.
See <u>Appeal</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Fencing)</i> <def>A tap
or stamp of the foot as a warning of intent to attack; -- called also
<i>attack</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ap`pen*dec"to*my</hw> (?), <hw>Ap*pend`i*cec"to*my</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>} [<i>Appendix</i> + Gr. &?;, fr. &?;
excision.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Excision of the vermiform
appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pen"dix</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The vermiform
appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap*pen"dix ver`mi*for"mis</hw> (?). [NL.] <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>The vermiform appendix.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*pos"a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i>
<def>Capable of being apposed, or applied one to another, as the thumb
to the fingers of the hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ap*proach"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>A
stroke whose object is to land the ball on the putting green. It is
made with an iron club.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ap`pui"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Man.)</i> <def>The
mutual bearing or support of the hand of the rider and the mouth of
the horse through the bit and bridle.</def> -- <col><b>Point
d'appui</b></col> (&?;), <cd>any point of support or basis of
operations, as a rallying point.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||A*ra"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>aroba</i> and <i>arba</i>.] [Ar. or Turk. <i>'arabah</i>: cf. Russ.
<i>arba</i>.] <def>A wagon or cart, usually heavy and without springs,
and often covered.</def> [Oriental]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>araba</i> of the Turks has its sides of
latticework to admit the air</blockquote>  <i>Balfour (Cyc. of
India).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`a*ro"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Tupi.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Goa powder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A fabaceous tree of Brazil
(<i>Centrolobium robustum</i>) having handsomely striped wood; --
called also <i>zebrawood</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arc</hw> (&auml;rk), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Arcked</u> (&auml;rkt); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Arcking</u>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To form a voltaic
arc, as an electrical current in a broken or disconnected
circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"chi*bald wheel</hw> (?). <def>A metal-hubbed wheel of great
strength and elasticity, esp. adapted for artillery carriages and
motor cars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"cho*plasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Archon</u>;
<u>Plasma</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The substance from which
attraction spheres develop in mitotic cell division, and of which they
consist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Arc light</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The light of an arc
lamp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`dois" sys"tem</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A widely used
system of electric night signals in which a series of double electric
lamps (white and red) is arranged vertically on a mast, and operated
from a keyboard below.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A*re"co*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>-
lin</hw>  }. [From NL. <i>Areca</i>, a genus of palms bearing betel
nut.] <def>An oily liquid substance,
C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>13</sub>O<sub>2</sub>N, the chief alkaloid of the
betel nut, to which the latter owes its anthelmintic action.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`r&ecirc;te"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., lit., a
sharp fish bone, ridge, sharp edge, fr. L. <i>arista</i> beard of
grain.] <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>An acute and rugged crest of a mountain
range or a subsidiary ridge between two mountain gorges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar`gen*ta"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; L.
<i>argen</i>tum silver + E. <i>al</i>uminium.] <def>A (patented) alloy
of aluminium and silver, with a density of about 2.9.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ar*gen"ta*mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>-
min</hw>  }. [L. <i>argentum</i> silver + E. <i>amine</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A solution of silver phosphate in an aqueous
solution of ethylene diamine, used as an antiseptic astringent and as
a disinfectant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, neut.
of &?; inactive; &?; priv. + &?; work.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
colorless, odorless gas occurring in the air (of which it constitutes
0.93 per cent by volume), in volcanic gases, etc.; -- so named on
account of its inertness by Rayleigh and Ramsay, who prepared and
examined it in 1894-95. Symbol, <i>A</i>; at. wt., 39.9. Argon is
condensible to a colorless liquid boiling at -186.1&deg; C. and to a
solid melting at -189.6&deg; C. It has a characteristic spectrum. No
compounds of it are known, but there is physical evidence that its
molecule is monatomic. Weight of one liter at 0&deg; C. and 760 mm.,
1.7828 g.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"go*naut</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of those who
went to California in search of gold shortly after it was discovered
there in 1848.</def> [U. S.]  <i>Bret Harte.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The "<i>Argonauts</i> of '49" were a strong, self-
reliant, generous body of men.</blockquote>  <i>D. S.  Jordan.</i></p>

<p><hw>A"ri*el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>ari&euml;l</i>,
perh. confused with E. <i>a&euml;rial</i>.] <def>In the Cabala, a
water spirit; in later folklore, a light and graceful spirit of the
air.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In zo&ouml;logy, <i>ariel</i> is used adjectively of certain
birds noted for their graceful flight; as, the <i>ariel</i> toucan;
the <i>ariel</i> petrel.</p>

<p><hw>Ar"il*lode</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Arillus</i> +
Gr. &?; form.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A false aril; an aril originating
from the micropyle instead of from the funicle or chalaza of the
ovule. The mace of the nutmeg is an arillode.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ris"to*type`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; best +
<i>-type</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Orig., a printing-out process
using paper coated with silver chloride in gelatin; now, any such
process using silver salts in either collodion or gelatin; also, a
print so made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*kose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F] <i>(Petrog)</i>
<def>A sandstone derived from the disintegration of granite or gneiss,
and characterized by feldspar fragments.</def> -- <wf>Ar*kos"ic</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ma*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>That part of a dynamo or electric generator or of an electric
motor in which a current is induced by a relatively moving magnetic
field. The armature usually consists of a series of coils or groups of
insulated conductors surrounding a core of iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"mored cruis"er</hw>. <i>(Nav.)</i> <def>A man-of-war
carrying a large coal supply, and more or less protected from the
enemy's shot by iron or steel armor. There is no distinct and accepted
classification distinguishing <i>armored</i> and <i>protected</i>
cruisers from each other, except that the first have more or heavier
armor than the second.</def></p>

<p><hw>Army organization</hw>. <def>The system by which a country
raises, classifies, arranges, and equips its armed land forces. The
usual divisions are: (<i>1</i>) A <i>regular</i> or <i>active
army</i>, in which soldiers serve continuously with the colors and
live in barracks or cantonments when not in the field; (<i>2</i>) the
<i>reserves</i> of this army, in which the soldiers, while remaining
constantly subject to a call to the colors, live at their homes, being
summoned more or less frequently to report for instruction, drill, or
maneuvers; and (<i>3</i>) one or more classes of soldiers organized
largely for territorial defense, living at home and having only
occasional periods of drill and instraction, who are variously called
<i>home reserves</i> (as in the table below), <i>second</i>,
<i>third</i>, etc., <i>line of defense</i> (the regular army and its
reserves ordinarily constituting the <i>first line of defense</i>),
<i>territorial forces</i>, or the like. In countries where
conscription prevails a soldier is supposed to serve a given number of
years.  He is usually enrolled first in the regular army, then passes
to its reserve, then into the home reserves, to serve until he reaches
the age limit. It for any reason he is not enrolled in the regular
army, he may begin his service in the army reserves or even the home
reserves, but then serves the full number of years or up to the age
limit. In equipment the organization of the army is into the three
great arms of infantry, cavalry, and artillery, together with more or
less numerous other branches, such as engineers, medical corps, etc.,
besides the staff organizations such as those of the pay and
subsistence departments.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1965 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ar*naut"</hw>  <hw>||Ar*naout"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. <i>Arnaut</i>, fr. NGr. &?;, for &?;.]
<def>An inhabitant of Albania and neighboring mountainous regions,
specif. one serving as a soldier in the Turkish army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Ar</i>um + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any plant of the Arum family
(<i>Arace&aelig;</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>A*rol"la</hw> (&adot;*r&obreve;l"l&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F. <i>arolle</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The stone pine (<i>Pinus
Cembra</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar"rha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Arrh&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. Cf. <u>Earnest</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Money or other valuable thing given to evidence a
contract; a pledge or earnest.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*te`ri*o*scle*ro"sis</hw>
(&auml;r*t&emacr;`r&ibreve;*&osl;*skl&esl;*r&omacr;"s&ibreve;s),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'arthri`a</grk> artery +
<i>sclerosis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Abnormal thickening and
hardening of the walls of the arteries, esp. of the intima, occurring
mostly in old age.</def> -- <wf>Ar*te`ri*o*scle*rot"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ar`thro*chon*dri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Chondritis of a joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ar*throd"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; joint + &?; a binding together.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Surgical
fixation of joints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*throp"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; joint +
&?;, &?;, to suffer.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any disease of the
joints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar"thro*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; joint +
E. <i>spore</i>.] <i>(Bacteriol.)</i> <def>A bacterial resting cell, -
- formerly considered a spore, but now known to occur even in
endosporous bacteria.</def> -- <wf>Ar`thro*spor"ic</wf> (#),
<wf>Ar*thros"po*rous</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ar"thro*tome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; joint +
&?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A strong scalpel used in the
dissection of joints.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*thu"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to King Arthur or his knights.</def>  <i>J. R.
Symonds.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>In magnitude, in interest, and as a literary origin,
the <i>Arthurian</i> invention dwarfs all other things in the
book.</blockquote>  <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ar"ti*fact</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>ars</i>,
<i>artis</i>, art + <i>facere</i>, <i>factum</i>, to make.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <def>A product of human
workmanship; -- applied esp. to the simpler products of aboriginal art
as distinguished from natural objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A structure or appearance
in protoplasm due to death or the  use of reagents and not present
during life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ar*til"ler*y wheel</hw>. <def>A kind of heavily built dished
wheel with a long axle box, used on gun carriages, usually having 14
spokes and 7 felloes; hence, a wheel of similar construction for use
on automobiles, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As`ca*ri"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; an intestinal worm.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease, usually
accompanied by colicky pains and diarrhea, caused by the presence of
ascarids in the gastrointestinal canal.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"co*carp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>'asko`s</grk> a bladder + <grk>karpo`s</grk> fruit.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In ascomycetous fungi, the spherical, discoid, or
cup-shaped body within which the asci are collected, and which
constitutes the mature fructification. The different forms are known
in mycology under distinct names. Called also <i>spore
fruit</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||As`co*my*ce"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.;
<i>ascus</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, fungus.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large class
of higher fungi distinguished by septate hyph&aelig;, and by having
their spores formed in asci, or spore sacs. It comprises many orders,
among which are the yeasts, molds, mildews, truffles, morels,
etc.</def> -- <wf>As`co*my*ce"tous</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||A*se"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
priv. + &?; sign.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Loss of power to express, or to
understand, symbols or signs of thought.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*sep"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
priv. + <i>sepsis</i>.] <def>State of being aseptic; the methods or
processes of asepticizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*sex`u*al*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Asexual</i> + <i>-ize</i> + <i>-ation</i>.] <def>The act or
process of sterilizing an animal or human being, as by
vasectomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"pect</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>A view of a plane from a given direction, usually from above;
more exactly, the manner of presentation of a plane to a fluid through
which it is moving or to a current. If an immersed plane meets a
current of fluid long side foremost, or in <i>broadside aspect</i>, it
sustains more pressure than when placed short side foremost. Hence,
long narrow wings are more effective than short broad ones of the same
area.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aspect ratio</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>The ratio of
the long to the short side of an a&euml;roplane, a&euml;rocurve, or
wing.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"pi*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A
white crystalline compound of acetyl and salicylic acid used as a drug
for the salicylic acid liberated from it in the intestines.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"say pound</hw>. <def>A small standard weight used in
assaying bullion, etc., sometimes equaling 0.5 gram, but varying with
the assayer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Assay ton</hw>. <def>A weight of 29.166 + grams used in
assaying, for convenience. Since it bears the same relation to the
milligram that a ton of 2000 avoirdupois pounds does to the troy
ounce, the weight in milligrams of precious metal obtained from an
assay ton of ore gives directly the number of ounces to the
ton.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*sem"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To collect and
put together the parts of; as, to <i>assemble</i> a bicycle, watch,
gun, or other manufactured article.</def></p>

<p><hw>AS*sign"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>To
transfer or pass over property to another, whether for the benefit of
the assignee or of the assignor's creditors, or in furtherance of some
trust.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"ta*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Astatized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Astatizing</u>.] <i>(Magnetism)</i> <def>To render
astatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*tat"ki</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Russ.
<i>ostatki</i> remnants, pl. of <i>ostatok</i>.] <def>A thick liquid
residuum obtained in the distillation of Russian petroleum, much used
as fuel.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A star-
shaped figure of achromatic substance found chiefly in cells dividing
by mitosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>As*ter"o*pe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, lit.,
lightning.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <i>(Myth.)</i> <def>One of the
Pleiades; -- called also <i>Sterope</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A double star in the
Pleiades (21 <i>k</i> and 22 <i>l</i> Pleiadum, of the 5.8 and 6.4
magnitude respectively), appearing as a single star of the 5.3
magnitude to the naked eye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Asth"ma pa"per</hw>. <def>Paper impregnated with saltpeter. The
fumes from the burning paper are often inhaled as an alleviative by
asthmatics.</def></p>

<p><hw>As"tral</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to an aster; as, <i>astral</i>
rays; <i>astral</i> sphere.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Theosophy)</i> <def>Consisting of,
belonging to, or designating, a kind of supersensible substance
alleged to be next above the tangible world in refinement; as,
<i>astral</i> spirits; <i>astral</i> bodies of persons; <i>astral</i>
current.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`tro*pho*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>astro-</i> + <i>photometer</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A photometer
for measuring the brightness of stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>As`tro*pho*tom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The determination of the brightness of stars,
and also of the sun, moon, and planets.</def> --
<wf>As`tro*pho`to*met"ric*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>As`tro*phys"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Astro-</i>
+ <i>physics</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The science treating of the
physical characteristics of the stars and other heavenly bodies, their
chemical constitution, light, heat, atmospheres, etc.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Its observations are made with the spectroscope, bolometer,
etc., usually in connection with the telescope.</p>

<p><hw>A*syn"chro*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; not +
<i>synchronous</i>.] <def>Not simultaneous; not concurrent in time; --
opposed to <i>synchronous</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>At`a*mas"co lil"y</hw> (?). [<i>Atamasco</i> is fr. North
American Indian.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See under <u>Lily</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A`te*lets" sauce</hw> (?) <i>or</i>  <hw>||Sauce` aux
ha`te*lets"</hw> (?) }. [F. <i>h&acirc;telet</i> skewer.] <def>A sauce
(such as egg and bread crumbs) used for covering bits of meat, small
birds, or fish, strung on skewers for frying.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ath`a*na"si*a</hw> (?), <hw>A*than"a*sy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>athanasia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;;  &?; priv. +
&?; death.] <def>The quality of being deathless;
immortality.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is not a scholiastic <i>athanasy</i> better than
none?</blockquote>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ath"e*tize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Athetized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Athetizing</u> (?).] [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; set aside, not
fixed; &?; not + &?; to place.] <def>To set aside or reject as
spurious, as by marking with an obelus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*threp"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
priv. + &?; nourishment.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Profound debility of
children due to lack of food and to unhygienic surroundings.</def> --
<wf>A*threp"tic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>At"las pow"der</hw>. <def>A blasting powder or dynamite
composed of nitroglycerin, wood fiber, sodium nitrate, and magnesium
carbonate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||At"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>&amacr;tman</i>.] <i>(Hinduism)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
life principle, soul, or individual essence.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The universal ego from whom all individual
atmans arise. This sense is a European excrescence on the East Indian
thought.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*mi"a*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; vapor +
<i>&?;</i> medical treatment, healing.] <def>Treatment of disease by
vapors or gases, as by inhalation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*to"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mex. Sp.] <def>A
porridge or gruel of maize meal and water, milk, or the like.</def>
[Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>A*tone"ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Day of
Atonement</b></col> <i>(Jewish Antiq.)</i>, <cd>the only fast day of
the Mosaic ritual, celebrated on the tenth day of the seventh month
(Tisri), according to the rites described in Leviticus xvi.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||A"tri*um</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A
cavity, entrance, or passage; as, the <i>atrium</i>, or atrial cavity,
in the body wall of the amphioxus; an <i>atrium</i> of the infundibula
of the lungs, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*trac"tion sphere</hw>.  <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The central mass of the
aster in mitotic cell division; centrosphere.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Less often, <def>the mass of archoplasm left by
the aster in the resting cell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small body situated on or
near the nucleus in the cells of some of the lower plants, consisting
of two centrospheres containing centrosomes. It exercises an important
function in mitosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>At*tri"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>attritus</i>,
p. p. of <i>atterere</i>; <i>ad + terere</i> to rub.] <def>Matter
pulverized by attrition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Auc"tion bridge</hw>. <def>A variety of the game of bridge in
which the players, beginning with the dealer, bid for the privilege of
naming the trump and playing with the dummy for that deal, there being
heavy penalties for a player's failure to make good his bid. The score
value of each trick more than six taken by the successful bidder is as
follows: when the trump is spades, 2; clubs, 6; diamonds, 7; hearts,
8; royal spades (lilies), 9; and when the deal is played with no
trump, 10.</def></p>

<p><hw>Auction pitch</hw>. <def>A game of cards in which the players
bid for the privilege of determining or "pitching" the trump
suit.</def>  <i>R. F. Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Au"dile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>audire</i> to
hear.] <i>(Psychol.)</i> <def>One whose thoughts take the form of
mental sounds or of internal discourse rather than of visual or motor
images.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Auf"kl&auml;*rung</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.,
enlightenment.] <def>A philosophic movement of the 18th century
characterized by a lively questioning of authority, keen interest in
matters of politics and general culture, and an emphasis on empirical
method in science. It received its impetus from the unsystematic but
vigorous skepticism of Pierre Bayle, the physical doctrines of Newton,
and the epistemological theories of Locke, in the preceding century.
Its chief center was in France, where it gave rise to the skepticism
of Voltaire , the naturalism of Rousseau, the sensationalism of
Condillac, and the publication of the "Encyclopedia" by D'Alembert and
Diderot. In Germany, Lessing, Mendelssohn, and Herder were
representative thinkers, while the political doctrines of the leaders
of the American Revolution and the speculations of Benjamin Franklin
and Thomas Paine represented the movement in America.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Au` fond"</hw> (?). [F., lit., at the bottom.] <def>At
bottom; fundamentally; essentially.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Au` gra`tin"</hw> (?). [F.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>With a
crust made by browning in the oven; as, spaghetti may be served <i>au
gratin</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Auld licht</hw> (?), <hw>Auld light</hw>  }. <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A member of the conservative party
in the Church of Scotland in the latter part of the 18th
century.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Burgher</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Au` re*voir"</hw> (?). [F., lit., to the seeing again.]
<def>Good-by until we meet again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`ri*lave</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>auris</i> ear
+ <i>lavare</i> to wash.] <def>An instrument for cleansing the ear,
consisting of a small piece of sponge on an ivory or bone
handle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aus"tral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biogeography)</i>
<def>Designating, or pert. to, a zone extending across North America
between the Transition and Tropical zones, and including most of the
United States and central Mexico except the mountainous
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aus*tra"li*an bal"lot</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>A system of
balloting or voting in public elections, originally used in South
Australia, in which there is such an arrangement for polling votes
that secrecy is compulsorily maintained, and the ballot used is an
official ballot printed and distributed by the government.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Aus"zug`</hw> (ous"ts&oomac;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>Ger.
pl.</i> <plw><b>-z&Uuml;ge</b></plw> (-ts&uuml;`g&etilde;). [G.]
<def>See <u>Army organization</u>, <i>Switzerland</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"to-</hw> (?). <def>An abbrev. of <i>automobile</i>, used as
a prefix with the meaning of <i>self-moving</i>, <i>self-
propelling</i>; as, an <i>auto</i>car, an <i>auto</i>carriage, an
<i>auto</i>truck, etc., an automobile car, carriage, truck,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*ca*tal"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-
</i> + <i>catalysis</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Self-catalysis;
catalysis of a substance by one of its own products, as of silver
oxide by the silver formed by reduction of a small portion of
it.</def> -- <wf>Au`to*cat`a*lyt"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*clas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Auto-
</u>; <u>Clastic</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Broken in place; -- said of
rocks having a broken or brecciated structure due to crushing, in
contrast to those of brecciated materials brought from a
distance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*co*her"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-</i> +
<i>coherer</i>.] <i>(Wireless Teleg.)</i> <def>A self-restoring
coherer, as a microphonic detector.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*dy*nam"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-</i> +
<i>dynamic</i>.] <def>Supplying its own power, as a hydraulic
ram.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*t&oelig;"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-</i>
+ Gr. &?; house.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Passing through all its stages
on one host, as certain parasitic fungi; -- contrasted with
<i>heter&oelig;cious</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*t&oelig;"cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality of
being aut&oelig;cious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*ge*net"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, controlled by, or designating, a system of self-
determined drainage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Autogenetic drainage</hw>. <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>A system
of natural drainage developed by the constituent streams through
headwater erosion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Autogenetic topography</hw>. <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i>  <def>A
system of land forms produced by the free action of rain and streams
on rocks of uniform texture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*tog"e*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Autogenetic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"to*harp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-</i> +
<i>harp</i>.] <def>A zitherlike musical instrument, provided with
dampers which, when depressed, deaden some strings, leaving free
others that form a chord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*hyp*not"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pert. to
autohypnotism; self-hypnotizing.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An autohypnotic person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*hyp"no*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-</i>
+ <i>hypnotism</i>.] <def>Hypnotism of one's self by concentration of
the attention on some object or idea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to-in*fec"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-</i> +
<i>infection</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Poisoning caused by a virus that
originates and develops in the organism itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to-in*oc`u*la"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-</i>
+ <i>inoculation</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inoculation of a person with
virus from his own body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to-in*tox`i*ca"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-
</i> + <i>intoxication</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Poisoning, or the
state of being poisoned, from toxic substances produced within the
body; autotox&aelig;mia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Au`to*ki*ne"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; <i>auto-
</i> + Gr. &?; motion.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Spontaneous or
voluntary movement; movement due to an internal cause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*ki*net"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-</i> +
<i>kinetic</i>.] <def>Self-moving; moving automatically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Autokinetic system</hw>. <def>In fire-alarm telegraphy, a
system so arranged that when one alarm is being transmitted, no other
alarm, sent in from another point, will be transmitted until after the
first alarm has been disposed of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*mixte" system</hw> (?). <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A system
(devised by Henri Pieper, a Belgian) of driving automobiles employing
a gasoline engine and an auxiliary reversible dynamo. When there is an
excess of power the dynamo is driven by the engine so as to charge a
small storage battery; when there is a deficiency of power the dynamo
reverses and acts as an auxiliary motor. Sometimes called <i>Pieper
system</i>.</def> -- <wf>Automixte car</wf>, etc.</p>

<p><! p. 1966 !></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*mo"bile</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An
automobile vehicle or mechanism; esp., a self-propelled vehicle
suitable for use on a street or roadway. Automobiles are usually
propelled by internal combustion engines (using volatile inflammable
liquids, as gasoline or petrol, alcohol, naphtha, etc.), steam
engines, or electric motors. The power of the driving motor varies
from about 4 to 50 H. P. for ordinary vehicles, ranging from the run-
about to the touring car, up to as high as 200 H. P. for specially
built racing cars. Automobiles are also commonly, and generally in
British usage, called <i>motor cars</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*mo"bil*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The use of
automobiles, or the practices, methods, or the like,  of those who use
them.</def> -- <wf>Au`to*mo"bil*ist</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*path"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Auto-</u>,
and <u>Pathic</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Dependent
upon, or due or relating to, the structure and characteristics of the
diseased organism; endopathic; as, an <i>autopathic</i> disease; an
<i>autopathic</i> theory of diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*toph"a*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; self + &?;
to eat.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The feeding of the body upon itself, as in
fasting; nutrition by consumption of one's own tissues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*pneu*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-</i>
+ <i>pneumatic</i>.] <def>Acting or moving automatically by means of
compressed air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*sta*bil"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-
</i> + <i>stability</i>.] <i>(Mechanics)</i> <def>Automatic stability;
also, inherent stability. An a&euml;roplane is inherently stable if it
keeps in steady poise by virtue of its shape and proportions alone; it
is automatically stable if it keeps in steady poise by means of self-
operative mechanism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*sug*ges"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-
</i> + <i>suggestion</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Self-suggestion as
distinguished from suggestion coming from another, esp. in hypnotism.
<i>Autosuggestion</i> is characteristic of certain mental conditions
in which expectant belief tends to produce disturbance of function of
one or more organs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Au`to*tox*&aelig;"mi*a</hw>, <hw>-tox*e"mi*a</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Auto-</u>, and <u>Tox&aelig;mia</u>.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Self-intoxication. See <u>Auto-
intoxication</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*tox"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-</i> +
<i>toxic</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or causing,
autotox&aelig;mia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*tox`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-
</i> + <i>toxication</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Auto-
intoxication</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*trans*form"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-
</i> + <i>transformer</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A transformer in which
part of the primary winding is used as a secondary winding, or vice
versa; -- called also a <i>compensator</i> or <i>balancing
coil</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au`to*troph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-</i> +
<i>trophic</i>.] <i>(Plant Physiol.)</i> <def>Capable of self-
nourishment; -- said of all plants in which photosynthetic activity
takes place, as opposed to parasitism or saprophytism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au*tot"ro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Auto-</i> +
Gr. &?; to turn.] <i>(Plant Physiol.)</i> <def>The tendency of plant
organs to grow in a straight line when uninfluenced by external
stimuli.</def></p>

<p><hw>Au"tun*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Autun</i>,
France, its locality.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A lemon-yellow phosphate of
uranium and calcium occurring in tabular crystals with basal cleavage,
and in micalike scales. H., 2-2.5. Sp. gr., 3.05-3.19.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aux*e"to*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; that may
be increased + &?; sound, voice.] <def>A pneumatic reproducer for a
phonograph, controlled by the recording stylus on the principle of the
relay. It produces much clearer and louder tones than does the
ordinary vibrating disk reproducer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Aux*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to
increase + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Optics)</i> <def>An instrument for
measuring the magnifying power of a lens or system of
lenses.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ven"a*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>avena</i>
eats.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline globulin, contained in oat
kernels, very similar in composition to excelsin, but different in
reactions and crystalline form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Av`er*run*ca"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
instrument for pruning trees, having two blades, or a blade and a
hook, fixed on a long rod and operated by a string or wire.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*ves"tan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the Avesta or the language of the Avesta.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>The language of the Avesta; -- less
properly called <i>Zend</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A`vi*a"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>One who
works a mine with means provided by another.</def> [Sp. Amer. &
Southwestern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>A"vi*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Aviated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Aviating</u>.] <def>To fly, or navigate the air, in an
a&euml;roplane or heavier-than-air flying machine.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>A"vi*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The driver or
pilot of an a&euml;roplane, or heavier-than-air flying
machine.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>A"vi*a`tress</hw> (?), <hw>A`vi*a"trix</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A woman aviator.</def></p>

<p><hw>A`vi*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A heavier-than-
air flying machine in which the motive power is furnished solely by
the aviator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Awk"ward squad</hw>. <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A squad of inapt
recruits assembled for special drill.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ax"min*ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>or</i>
<hw>Axminster carpet</hw>  }. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> [More fully
<i>chenille Axminster</i>.] <def>A variety of Turkey carpet, woven by
machine or, when more than 27 inches wide, on a hand loom, and
consisting of strips of worsted chenille so colored as to produce a
pattern on a stout jute backing. It has a fine soft pile. So called
from <i>Axminster</i>, England, where it was formerly (1755 -- 1835)
made.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A similar but cheaper machine-
made carpet, resembling moquette in construction and appearance, but
finer and of better material.</def></p>

<p><hw>A*zo"gue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. See <u>Azoth</u>.]
<def>Lit.: Quicksilver</def>; hence: <i>pl.</i> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Silver ores suitable for treatment by amalgamation with
mercury.</def> [Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>Az"ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Azote</u>.]
<i>(Org. Chem.)</i> <def>Any of a large class of compounds
characterized by a five-membered ring which contains an atom of
nitrogen and at least one other noncarbon atom (nitrogen, oxygen,
sulphur). The prefixes <i>furo-</i>, <i>thio</i>, and <i>pyrro-</i>
are used to distinguish three subclasses of azoles, which may be
regarded as derived respectively from furfuran, thiophene, and pyrrol
by replacement of the CH group by nitrogen; as, <i>furo</i>-monazole.
Names exactly analogous to those for the azines are also used; as,
<i>oxazole</i>, <i>diazole</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||A*zo"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A switch or
whip.</def> [Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>Az"ot*ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Nitrogenized;
nitrogenous.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Az"o*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>Also</i> <hw>-
tin</hw>  }. [<i>Azote</i> + <i>-ine</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>An
explosive consisting of sodium nitrate, charcoal, sulphur, and
petroleum.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>= 1st <u>Ammonite</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Az`o*tu"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.;
<i>azote</i> + Gr. &?; urine.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Excess of urea or
other nitrogenous substances in the urine.</def></p>

<p><point26>B.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Bab</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per.] <def>Lit., gate; -- a
title given to the founder of Babism, and taken from that of <i>Bab-
ud-Din</i>, assumed by him.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bab"ism</hw> (?), <hw>Bab"i*ism</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine of a modern religious
pantheistical sect in Persia, which was founded, about 1844, by Mirza
Ali Mohammed ibn Rabhik (1820 -- 1850), who assumed the title of Bab-
ed-Din (Per., Gate of the Faith). Babism is a mixture of Mohammedan,
Christian, Jewish, and Parsi elements. This doctrine forbids
concubinage and polygamy, and frees women from many of the
degradations imposed upon them among the orthodox Mohammedans.
Mendicancy, the use of intoxicating liquors and drugs, and slave
dealing, are forbidden; asceticism is discountenanced.</def> --
<wf>Bab"ist</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ba*bul"</hw>, <hw>Ba*bool"</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[See <u>Bablah</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of
<i>Acacia</i>, esp. <i>A. Arabica</i>, which yelds a gum used as a
substitute for true gum arabic.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In place of Putney's golden gorse<BR>
The sickly <i>babul</i> blooms.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba*cil"lar</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or produced by, the organism bacillus;
bacillary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac"il*la*ry</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to bacilli; produced by, or containing, bacilli;
bacillar; as, a <i>bacillary</i> disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back fire</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A fire started ahead
of a forest or prairie fire to burn only against the wind, so that
when the two fires meet both must go out for lack of fuel.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A premature explosion in the cylinder of a
gas or oil engine during the exhaust or the compression stroke,
tending to drive the piston in a direction reverse to that in which it
should travel; also, an explosion in the exhaust passages of such ah
engine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"-fire`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Engin.)</i> <def>To have or experience a back fire or back fires;
-- said of an internal-combustion engine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Of a Bunsen or similar air-fed burner, to
light so that the flame proceeds from the internal gas jet instead of
from the external jet of mixed gas and air.</def> -- <wf>Back"-
fir`ing</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Back"heel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Wrestling)</i>
<def>A method of tripping by getting the leg back of the opponent's
heel on the outside and pulling forward while pushing his body back; a
throw made in this way.</def> -- <pos><i>v. t. </i></pos> <def>To trip
(a person) in this way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Back"stop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In baseball, a fence, prop. at least 90 feet behind the home
base, to stop the balls that pass the catcher; also, the catcher
himself.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In rounders, the player who stands
immediately behind the striking base.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>In cricket, the longstop; also, the wicket
keeper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*co"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who adheres to the philosophy of Lord Bacon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One who maintains that Lord Bacon is the
author of the works commonly attributed to Shakespeare.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bac"te*rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
bacterial vaccine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bac*te`ri*ol"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; fr.
Gr. &?;, &?;, a staff + &?; a loosing.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Chemical decomposition brought about by bacteria without the
addition of oxygen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The destruction or dissolution of
bacterial cells.</def> -- <wf>Bac*te`ri*o*lyt"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bac*te`ri*os"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
&?;, a staff + &?; to view.] <def>Microscopic examination or
investigation of bacteria.</def> -- <wf>Bac*te`ri*o*scop"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>*scop"ic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Bac*te`ri*os"co*pist</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ba`daud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A person
given to idle observation of everything, with wonder or astonishment;
a credulous or gossipy idler.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A host of stories . . . dealing chiefly with the
subject of his great wealth, an ever delightful topic to the
<i>badauds</i> of Paris.</blockquote>  <i>Pall Mall Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Badg"er game</hw>. <def>The method of blackmailing by decoying
a person into a compromising situation and extorting money by threats
of exposure.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Badger State</hw>. <def>Wisconsin; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*di"geon</hw> (b&adot;*d&ibreve;j"&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A cement or distemper paste (as of
plaster and powdered freestone, or of sawdust and glue or lime) used
by sculptors, builders, and workers in wood or stone, to fill holes,
cover defects, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||B&aelig;"tu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>B&aelig;tuli</b></plw> (#). [L., fr. Gr. <grk>bai`tylos</grk>
a sacred meteorite.] <i>(Antiq.)</i> <def>A meteorite, or similar rude
stone artificially shaped, held sacred or worshiped as of divine
origin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>All the evidence goes to prove that these menhirs are
<i>b&aelig;tuli</i>, i. e., traditional and elementary images of the
deity.</blockquote>  <i>I. Gonino (Perrot &amp; Chipiez).</i></p>

<p><hw>Baff</hw> (b&abreve;f), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Scot.,
prob. imitative; cf. G. <i>baff</i>, interj. imitating the sound of a
shot.] <def>To strike; to beat; to make a baff.</def> [Scot. or
Golf]</p>

<p><hw>Baff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A blow; stroke;
thud</def>; specif. <i>(Golf)</i>, <def>a stroke  in which the sole of
the club hits the ground and drives the ball aloft.</def> [Scot. or
Golf]</p>

<p><hw>Baf"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Engin.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A deflector, as a plate or
wall, so arranged across a furnace or boiler flue as to mingle the hot
gases and deflect them against the substance to be heated.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A grating or plate across a channel or pipe
conveying water, gas, or the like, by which the flow is rendered more
uniform in different parts of the cross section of the stream; -- used
in measuring the rate of flow, as by means of a weir.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Coal Mining)</i> <def>A lever for operating
the throttle valve of a winding engine.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Baff"y</hw> (b&adot;f"&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Baff</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Golf)</i> <def>A short
wooden club having a deeply concave face, seldom used.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ba*ha"dur</hw>   <hw>||Ba*hau"dur</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>bahawder</i>.] [Hind.
<i>bah&amacr;dur</i> hero, champion.] <def>A title of respect or honor
given to European officers in East Indian state papers, and
colloquially, and among the natives, to distinguished officials and
other important personages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*hai"</hw> (b&adot;*h&imacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<u>Bahais</u> (-h&imacr;z). <def>A member of the sect of the Babis
consisting of the adherents of Baha (Mirza Husain Ali, entitled "Baha
'u 'llah," or, "the Splendor of God"), the elder half brother of Mirza
Yahya of Nur, who succeeded the Bab as the head of the Babists. Baha
in 1863 declared himself the supreme prophet of the sect, and became
its recognized head. There are upwards of 20,000 Bahais in the United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*ha"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The religious
tenets or practices of the Bahais.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bai`gnoire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>baignoir</i>.] [F., lit., bath tub.] <def>A box of the lowest tier
in a theater.</def>  <i>Du Maurier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bai"ly's beads</hw> (?). <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A row of bright
spots observed in connection with total eclipses of the sun. Just
before and after a total eclipse, the slender, unobscured crescent of
the sun's disk appears momentarily like a row of bright spots
resembling a string of beads. The phenomenon (first fully described by
Francis Baily, 1774 -- 1844) is thought to be an effect of
irradiation, and of inequalities of the moon's edge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bai*ram"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>ba&iuml;r&amacr;m</i>.] <def>Either of two Mohammedan festivals, of
which one (the <i>Lesser Bairam</i>) is held at the close of the fast
called Ramadan, and the other (the <i>Greater Bairam</i>) seventy days
after the fast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"a*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., prob. fr. native
name.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A West Indian sapotaceous tree
(<i>Bumelia retusa</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The bully tree (<i>Minusops globosa</i>);
also, its milky juice (<i><col><b>balata gum</b></col></i>), which
when dried constitutes an elastic gum called <i>chicle</i>, or
<i>chicle gum</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba`la`yeuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., lit., a
female sweeper.] <def>A protecting ruffle or frill, as of silk or
lace, sewed close to the lower edge of a skirt on the
inside.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ball</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>A
pitched ball, not struck at by the batsman, which fails to pass over
the home base at a height not greater than the batsman's shoulder nor
less than his knee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lis*tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Ballista</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A smokeless powder containing
equal parts of soluble nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal"lot*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ballottage</i>.] <def>In France, a second ballot taken after an
indecisive first ballot to decide between two or several
candidates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bal*op"ti*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to throw
+ <i>stereopticon</i>.] <def>See <u>Projector</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bam*bi"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>It. pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ni</b></plw> (#). [It.] <def>A child or baby; specif., a
representation in art of the infant Christ.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*na"na so*lu"tion</hw>. <def>A solution used as a vehicle in
applying bronze pigments. In addition to acetote, benzine, and a
little pyroxylin, it contains amyl acetate, which gives it the odor of
bananas.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ban*cal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
cales</b></plw> (#). [Sp., fr. <i>banca</i>, <i>banco</i>, bench. Cf.
<u>Bench</u>.] <def>An ornamental covering, as of carpet or leather,
for a bench or form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban*deau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
deaux</b></plw> (#). [F.] <def>A narrow band or fillet, as for the
hair, part of a headdress, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ban`de*ril"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., dim. of
<i>bandera</i> banner. See <u>Banner</u>, and cf. <u>Banderole</u>.]
<def>A barbed dart carrying a banderole which the banderillero thrusts
into the neck or shoulder of the bull in a bullfight.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ban`de*ril*le"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.]
<def>One who thrusts in the banderillas in bullfighting.</def>  <i>W.
D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ban`jo*rine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>banjore</i> banjo. See <u>Banjo</u>.] <i>(Music.)</i> <def>A kind
of banjo, with a short neck, tuned a fourth higher than the common
banjo; -- popularly so called.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A group or series of
objects arranged near together; as, a <i>bank</i> of electric lamps,
etc.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1967 !></p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>The lateral inclination of an a&euml;roplane as it rounds a
curve; as, a <i>bank</i> of 45&deg; is easy; a <i>bank</i> of 90&deg;
is dangerous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bank</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>To tilt sidewise in rounding a curve; -- said of a flying
machine, an a&euml;rocurve, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bank discount</hw>. <def>A sum equal to the interest at a given
rate on the principal (face) of a bill or note from the time of
discounting until it becomes due.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban*quette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bench or seat
for passengers on the top of a diligence or other public
vehicle.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My brother-in-law . . . took refuge in the
<i>banquette</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Mrs. Howe.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bans"shee</hw>, <hw>Ban"shie</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gael. <i>bean-shith</i> fairy; Gael. &amp; Ir. <i>bean</i> woman + Gael.
<i>sith</i> fairy.] <i>(Celtic Folklore)</i> <def>A supernatural being
supposed to warn a family of the approaching death of one of its
members, by wailing or singing in a mournful voice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ban"tu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of one of
the great family of Negroid tribes occupying equatorial and southern
Africa. These tribes include, as important divisions, the Kafirs,
Damaras, Bechuanas, and many tribes whose names begin with <i>Aba</i>-
, <i>Ama</i>-, <i>Ba</i>-, <i>Ma</i>-, <i>Wa</i>-, variants of the
Bantu plural personal prefix <i>Aba</i>-, as in <i>Ba-ntu</i>, or
<i>Aba-ntu</i>, itself a combination of this prefix with the syllable
<i>-ntu</i>, a person.</def> -- <wf>Ban"tu</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ban"zai"</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [Jap.
<i>banzai</i>, <i>banzei</i>, ten thousand years, forever.] <def>Lit.,
May you live ten thousand years; -- used in salutation of the emperor
and as a battle cry.</def> [Japan]</p>

<p><hw>Ba*ra"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An international,
interdenominational organization of Bible classes of young men; -- so
named in allusion to the Hebrew word <i>Berachah</i> (Meaning
<i>blessing</i>) occurring in <i>2 Chron. xx. 26</i> and <i>1 Chron.
xii.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; weight.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>The pressure of one dyne per square centimeter;
-- used as a unit of pressure.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bar`&aelig;s*the`si*om"e*ter</hw>,
<hw>Bar`es*the`si*om"e*ter</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
weight + <i>&aelig;sthesiometer</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An
instrument for determining the delicacy of the sense of
pressure.</def> -- <wf>Bar`&aelig;s*the`si*o*met"ric</wf>,
<wf>Bar`es*the`si*o*met"ric</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bar`a*the"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A soft fabric
with a kind of basket weave and a diapered pattern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ber</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A
storm accompanied by driving ice spicules formed from sea water, esp.
one occurring on the Gulf of St. Lawrence; -- so named from the
cutting ice spicules.</def> [Canada]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Bar`bi`zon"</hw>, <i>or</i> <hw>Bar`bi`son"</hw>,
<hw>school</hw> (?) }. <i>(Painting)</i> <def>A French school of the
middle of the 19th century centering in the village of Barbizon near
the forest of Fontainebleau. Its members went straight to nature in
disregard of academic tradition, treating their subjects faithfully
and with poetic feeling for color, light, and atmosphere. It is
exemplified, esp. in landscapes, by Corot, Rousseau, Daubigny, Jules
Dupr&eacute;, and Diaz. Associated with them are certain painters of
animals, as Troyon and Jaque, and of peasant life, as Millet and Jules
Breton.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bar*di"glio</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>An
Italian marble of which the principal varieties occur in the
neighborhood of Carrara and in Corsica. It commonly shows a dark gray
or bluish ground traversed by veins.</def></p>

<p><hw>Barn"burn`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called in
allusion to the fable of the man who burned his barn in order to rid
it of rats.] <def>A member of the radical section of the Democratic
party in New York, about the middle of the 19th century, which was
hostile to extension of slavery, public debts, corporate privileges,
etc., and supported Van Buren against Cass for president in 1848; --
opposed to <i>Hunker</i>.</def> [Political Cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Barn"storm`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Barn</i> +
<i>storm</i>, v.] <def>An itinerant theatrical player who plays in
barns when a theatre is lacking; hence, an inferior actor, or one who
plays in the country away from the larger cities.</def> --
<wf>Barn"storm`ing</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Theatrical Cant]
</p>

<p><hw>Bar`o*cy`clon*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
weight + <i>cyclone</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Meteorol.)</i> <def>An
aneroid barometer for use with accompanying graphic diagrams and
printed directions designed to aid mariners to interpret the
indications of the barometer so as to determine the existence of a
violent storm at a distance of several hundred miles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; weight +
<i>-gram</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A tracing, usually made by the
barograph, showing graphically the variations of atmospheric pressure
for a given time.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*rong"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.] <def>A
kind of cutting weapon with a thick back and thin razorlike edge, used
by the Moros of the Philippine Islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*roque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Irregular in
form; -- said esp. of a pearl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar`o*ther"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
weight + <i>thermograph</i>.] <def>An instrument for recording both
pressure and temperature, as of the atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar`ra*cu"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<def>Any of several voracious pikelike marine fishes allied to the
gray mullets, constituting the genus <i>Sphyr&aelig;na</i> and family
<i>Sphyr&aelig;nid&aelig;</i>. The great barracuda (<i>S.
barracuda</i>) of the West Indies, Florida, etc., is often six feet or
more long, and as dangerous as a shark. In Cuba its flesh is reputed
to be poisonous. <i>S. Argentea</i> of the Pacific coast and <i>S.
sphyr&aelig;na</i> of Europe are smaller species, and are used as
food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar`ra*mun"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>barramunda</i>.] [Native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A remarkable Australian fresh-water ganoid
fish of the genus Ceratodus.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
Australian river fish (<i>Osteoglossum Leichhardtii</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"rel proc"ess</hw>. <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A process of
extracting gold or silver by treating the ore in a revolving barrel,
or drum, with mercury, chlorine, cyanide solution, or other
reagent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"ret*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. <i>bareter</i>
to exchange. Cf. <u>Barter</u>.] <i>(Wireless Teleg.)</i> <def>A
thermal cymoscope which operates by increased resistance when
subjected to the influence of electric waves. The original form
consisted of an extremely fine platinum wire loop attached to
terminals and inclosed in a small glass or silver bulb. In a later
variety, called the <col><b>liquid barretter</b></col>, wire is
replace by a column of liquid in a very fine capillary tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bar"ri*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Barrios</b></plw> (#). [Sp.] <def>In Spain and countries
colonized by Spain, a village, ward, or district outside a town or
city to whose jurisdiction it belongs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bar"y*sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; heavy +
<i>sphere</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The heavy interior portion of the
earth, within the lithosphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bash</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bashed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bashing</u>.] [Perh. of imitative origin; or cf. Dan. <i>baske</i>
to strike, <i>bask</i> a blow, Sw. <i>basa</i> to beat, <i>bas</i> a
beating.] <def>To strike heavily; to beat; to crush.</def> [Prov. Eng.
& Scot.]  <i>Hall Caine.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Bash</i> her open with a rock.</blockquote>
<i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba"sic proc"ess</hw>. <i>(Iron Metal.)</i> <def>A Bessemer or
open-hearth steel-making process in which a lining that is basic, or
not siliceous, is used, and additions of basic material are made to
the molten charge during treatment. Opposed to <i>acid process</i>,
above. Called also <i>Thomas process</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Basic slag</hw>. <def>A by-product from the manufacture of
steel by the basic process, used as a fertilizer. It is rich in lime
and contains 14 to 20 per cent of phosphoric acid. Called also
<i>Thomas slag</i>, <i>phosphatic slag</i>, and <i>odorless
phosphate</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Basic steel</hw>. <def>Steel produced by the basic
process.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ba*sid`i*o*my*ce"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. NL. &amp; E. <i>basidium</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, fungus.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A large subdivision of fungi co&ouml;rdinate with the
<i>Ascomycetes</i>, characterized by having the spores borne on a
basidium. It embraces those fungi best known to the public, such as
mushrooms, toadstools, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"ket ball`</hw>. <def>A game, usually played indoors, in
which two parties of players contest with each other to toss a large
inflated ball into opposite goals resembling baskets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bas"set horn`</hw>. <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>The corno di
bassetto.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba*su"tos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; <i>sing.</i>
<singw><b>Basuto</b></singw> (&?;). <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A warlike
South African people of the Bantu stock, divided into many tribes,
subject to the English. They formerly practiced cannibalism, but have
now adopted many European customs.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Siamese.] <def>Same as
<u>Tical</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 1.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To bate or flutter, as a hawk.</def> [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To wink.</def> [Local, U. S. &amp; Prov
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
badminton, tennis, and similar games, a racket.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A stroke; a sharp blow.</def> [Colloq. or
Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A stroke of work.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>Rate of motion; speed.</def> [Colloq.] "A
vast host of fowl . . . making at full <i>bat</i> for the North Sea."
<i>Pall Mall Mag.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn>  <def>A spree; a jollification.</def> [Slang, U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn>  <def>Manner; rate; condition; state of
health.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Bath`y*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; deep +
<i>graphic</i>.] <def>Descriptive of the ocean depth; as, a
<i>bathygraphic</i> chart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bat*tal"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>An infantry command of two or more companies, which is the
tactical unit of the infantry, or the smallest command which is self-
supporting upon the battlefield, and also the unit in which the
strength of the infantry of an army is expressed.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In the United States army, since April 29, 1898, a
<i>battalion</i> consists of four companies, and three battalions form
a regiment. The term is also applied to two or more batteries of
artillery combined into a single command.</p>

<p><hw>Bat"tle range`</hw>. <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The range within which
the fire of small arms is very destructive. With the magazine rifle,
this is six hundred yards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Battle ship</hw>. <i>(Nav.)</i> <def>An armor-plated man-of-war
built of steel and heavily armed, generally having from ten thousand
to fifteen thousand tons displacement, and intended to be fit to meet
the heaviest ships in line of battle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bau`m&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating
or conforming to either of the scales used by the French chemist
Antoine Baum&eacute; in the graduation of his hydrometers; of or
relating to Baum&eacute;'s scales or hydrometers. There are two
Baum&eacute; hydrometers. One, which is used with liquids heavier than
water, sinks to 0&deg; in pure water, and to 15&deg; in a 15 per cent
salt solution; the other, for liquids lighter than water, sinks to
0&deg; in a 10 per cent salt solution and to 10&deg; in pure water. In
both cases the graduation, based on the distance between these
fundamental points, is continued along the stem as far as
desired.</def> Since all the degrees on a Baum&eacute; scale are thus
equal in length, while those on a specific-gravity scale grow smaller
as the density increases, there is no simple relation between degrees
B&eacute;. and Sp. gr. However, readings on Baum&eacute;s scale may be
approximately reduced to specific gravities by the following
formul&aelig; (<i>x</i> in each case being the reading on
Baum&eacute;'s scale) : <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> for liquids heavier than
water, sp. gr. = 144 &divide; (144 - <i>x</i>);
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> for liquids lighter than water, sp. gr. = 144
&divide; (134 + <i>x</i>).</p>

<p><hw>||Ba`var`dage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Much
talking; prattle; chatter.</def>  <i>Byron.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ba*ya"mo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A
violent thunder squall occurring on the south coast of Cuba, esp. near
Bayamo. The gusts, called <i>bayamo winds</i>, are modified foehn
winds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ba`yeux" tap"es*try</hw> (?). <def>A piece of linen about 1 ft.
8 in. wide by 213 ft. long, covered with embroidery representing the
incidents of William the Conqueror's expedition to England, preserved
in the town museum of Bayeux in Normandy. It is probably of the 11th
century, and is attributed by tradition to Matilda, the Conqueror's
wife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bay"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Nav.)</i> <def>In
the United States navy, a sick-bay nurse; -- now officially designated
as <i>hospital apprentice</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bay"ou State`</hw> (?). <def>Mississippi; -- a nickname, from
its numerous bayous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bay State</hw>. <def>Massachusetts, which had been called the
Colony of Massachusetts Bay; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beach comber</hw>. [Written also <i>beach-comber</i>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A vagrant seaman, usually of low character, who
loiters about seaports, particularly on the shores and islands of the
Pacific Ocean.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I was fortunate enough, however, to forgather with a
Scotchman who was a <i>beach-comber</i>.</blockquote>  <i>F. T.
Bullen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bear"ing ring`</hw>. <def>In a balloon, the braced wooden ring
attached to the suspension ropes at the bottom, functionally analogous
to the keel of a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bear State</hw>. <def>Arkansas; -- a nickname, from the many
bears once inhabiting its forests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bear"-trap` dam</hw>. <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>A kind of movable
dam, in one form consisting of two leaves resting against each other
at the top when raised and folding down one over the other when
lowered, for deepening shallow parts in a river.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
that beats, or surpasses, another or others; as, the <i>beat</i> of
him.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The act of one that beats a person or
thing</def>; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Newspaper Cant)</i> <def>The
act of obtaining and publishing a piece of news by a newspaper before
its competitors; also, the news itself; a scoop.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It's a <i>beat</i> on the whole country.</blockquote>
<i>Scribner's Mag.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Hunting)</i> <def>The act of scouring, or
ranging over, a tract of land to rouse or drive out game; also, those
so engaged, collectively.</def> "Driven out in the course of a
<i>beat</i>."  <i>Encyc. of Sport.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Bears coming out of holes in the rocks at the last
moment, when the <i>beat</i> is close to them.</blockquote>  <i>Encyc.
of Sport.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Fencing)</i> <def>A smart tap on the
adversary's blade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beau"fort's scale`</hw> (?). <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A scale of
wind force devised by Sir F. <i>Beaufort</i>, R. N., in 1805, in which
the force is indicated by numbers from 0 to 12.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The full scale is as follows: -- 0, calm; 1, light air; 2,
light breeze; 3, gentle breeze; 4, moderate breeze; 5, fresh breeze;
6, strong breeze; 7, moderate gale; 8, fresh gale; 9, strong gale; 10,
whole gale; 11, storm; 12, hurricane.</p>

<p><hw>Beau`mon"ta*gue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cement
used in making joints, filling cracks, etc.  For iron, the principal
constituents are iron borings and sal ammoniac; for wood, white lead
or litharge, whiting, and linseed oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bea"ver State</hw>. <def>Oregon; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be*bee"ru</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>bibiru</i>.] [Native name.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A tropical South
American tree (<i>Nectandra Rodi&oelig;i</i>), the bark of which
yields the alkaloid bebeerine, and the wood of which is known as green
heart.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Be"bung</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., lit., a
trembling.] <i>(Music)</i> <def>A tremolo effect, such as that
produced on the piano by vibratory repetition of a note with sustained
use of the pedal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bec"chi's test</hw> (?). [After E. <i>Becchi</i>, Italian
chemist.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A qualitative test for cottonseed oil,
based on the fact this oil imparts a maroon color to an alcoholic
solution of silver nitrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bech`u*a"nas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A division
of the Bantus, dwelling between the Orange and Zambezi rivers,
supposed to be the most ancient Bantu population of South Africa. They
are divided into totemic clans; they are intelligent and
progressive.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beck's scale</hw> (?). <def>A hydrometer scale on which the
zero point corresponds to sp. gr. 1.00, and the 30&deg;-point to sp.
gr. 0.85. From these points the scale is extended both ways, all the
degrees being of equal length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Becque`rel" rays"</hw> (?). <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Radiations
first observed by the French physicist Henri Becquerel, in working
with uranium and its compounds. They consist of a mixture of alpha,
beta, and gamma rays.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Be*cui"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Be*cui"ba
nut`</hw> (?) }. [Native name.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The nut of the
Brazilian tree <i>Myristica Bicuhyba</i>, which yields a medicinal
balsam used for rheumatism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Beg"ohm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
unit of resistance equal to one billion ohms, or one thousand
megohms.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Be*ju"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., a reed or woody
vine.] <def>Any climbing woody vine of the tropics with the habit of a
liane; in the Philippines, esp. any of various species of
<i>Calamus</i>, the cane or rattan palm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind., fr. Skr.
<i>bilva</i>.] <def>A thorny rutaceous tree (<i>&AElig;gle
marmelos</i>) of India, and its aromatic, orange-like fruit; -- called
also <i>Bengal quince</i>, <i>golden apple</i>, <i>wood apple</i>. The
fruit is used medicinally, and the rind yields a perfume and a yellow
dye.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Belgium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Belgian block</hw>. <def>A nearly cubical block of some tough
stone, esp. granite, used as a material for street pavements. Its
usual diameter is 5 to 7 inches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel"lar*mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stoneware
jug of a pattern originated in the neighborhood of Cologne, Germany,
in the 16th century. It has a bearded face or mask supposed to
represent Cardinal Bellarmine, a leader in the Roman Catholic Counter
Reformation, following the Reformation; -- called also
<i>graybeard</i>, <i>longbeard</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bel*leek" ware</hw> (?). <def>A porcelainlike kind of
decorative pottery with a high gloss, which is sometimes iridescent. A
very fine kind is made at Belleek in Ireland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell process</hw>. <i>(Iron Metal.)</i> <def>The process of
washing molten pig iron by adding iron oxide, proposed by I. Lowthian
Bell of England about 1875.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1968 !></p>

<p><hw>Bell's palsy</hw>. <def>Paralysis of the facial nerve,
producing distortion of one side of the face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bell system of control</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>See
<u>Cloche</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bench mark</hw>. <i>(Leveling)</i> <def>Any permanent mark to
which other levels may be referred. Specif. : A horizontal mark at the
water's edge with reference to which the height of tides and floods
may be measured.</def></p>

<p><hw>Benefit society</hw>. <def>A society or association formed for
mutual insurance, as among tradesmen or in labor unions, to provide
for relief in sickness, old age, and for the expenses of burial.
Usually called <i>friendly society</i> in Great Britain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ben"thos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
depth of the sea.] <def>The bottom of the sea, esp. of the deep
oceans; hence <i>(Bot. &amp; Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, the fauna and flora of the
sea bottom; -- opposed to <i>plankton</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ben`zo*naph"thol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Ben`zo*naph"tol</hw>  }. [<i>Benzo</i>in + <i>naphthol</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline powder used as an intestinal
antiseptic; beta-naphthol benzoate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ben"zo*sol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Pharm.)</i>
<def>Guaiacol benzoate, used as an intestinal antiseptic and as a
substitute for creosote in phthisis. It is a colorless crystalline
pewder.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ber`ceuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A vocal or instrumental composition of a soft tranquil character,
having a lulling effect; a cradle song.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber`e*ni"ce's Hair`</hw> (?). [See <u>Berenice's</u>,
<u>Locks</u>, in Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>See <i>Coma Berenices</i>, under
<u>Coma</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Berg"schrund`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., lit.,
mountain gap.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>The crevasse or series of
crevasses, usually deep and often broad, frequently occurring near the
head of a mountain glacier, about where the n&eacute;v&eacute; field
joins the valley portion of the glacier.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Berg"stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., lit.,
mountain stick.] <def>A long pole with a spike at the end, used in
climbing mountains; an alpenstock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be"ring Sea Controversy</hw> (?). <def>A controversy (1886 --
93) between Great Britain and the United States as to the right of
Canadians not licensed by the United States to carry on seal fishing
in the Bering Sea, over which the United States claimed jurisdiction
as a mare clausum. A court of arbitration, meeting in Paris in 1893,
decided against the claim of the United States, but established
regulations for the preservation of the fur seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber*mu"da lil"y</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The large white lily
(<i>Lilium longiflorum eximium</i>, syn. <i>L. Harrisii</i>) which is
extensively cultivated in Bermuda.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber*seem"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>bersh&imacr;m</i> clover.] <def>An Egyptian clover (<i>Trifolium
alexandrinum</i>) extensively cultivated as a forage plant and soil-
renewing crop in the alkaline soils of the Nile valley, and now
introduced into the southwestern United States. It is more succulent
than other clovers or than alfalfa. Called also <i>Egyptian
clover</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ber`til`lon" sys"tem</hw> (?). [After Alphonse
<i>Bertillon</i>, French anthropologist.] <def>A system for the
identification of persons by a physical description based upon
anthropometric measurements, notes of markings, deformities, color,
impression of thumb lines, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bes"ti*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>bestiarium</i>, fr. L. <i>bestiarius</i> pert. to beasts, fr.
<i>bestia</i> beast: cf. F. <i>bestiaire</i>.] <def>A treatise on
beasts; esp., one of the moralizing or allegorical beast tales written
in the Middle Ages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>bestiary</i> . . . in itself one of the numerous
medi&aelig;val renderings of the fantastic mystical
zo&ouml;logy.</blockquote>  <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Be"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>bh^ta</grk>.]
<def>The second letter of the Greek alphabet, B, &beta;. See <u>B</u>,
and cf. etymology of <u>Alphabet</u>.</def> <i>Beta</i> (B, &beta;) is
used variously for classifying, as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Astron.)</i> To designate some bright star, usually the second
brightest, of a constellation, as, &beta; Aurig&aelig;.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Chem.)</i> To distinguish one of two or more
isomers; also, to indicate the position of substituting atoms or
groups in certain compounds; as, &beta;-naphthol. With acids, it
commonly indicates that the substituent is in union with the carbon
atom next to that to which the carboxyl group is attached.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Be"ta*cism</hw> (?),  <hw>||Be`ta*cis"mus</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Excessive or extended use of the <i>b</i>
sound in speech, due to conversion of other sounds into it, as through
inability to distinguish them from  <i>b</i>, or because of difficulty
in pronouncing them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Be"ta rays</hw> (?). <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Penetrating rays
readily deflected by a magnetic or electric field, emitted by
radioactive substances, as radium. They consist of negatively charged
particles or electrons, apparently the same in kind as those of the
cathode rays, but having much higher velocities (about 35,000 to
180,000 miles per second).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bez`po*pov"tsy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.;
<i>bez</i> without + <i>popovtsy</i>, a derivative of <i>pop</i>
priest.] <def>A Russian sect. See <u>Raskolnik</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bhees"ty</hw>, <hw>Bhees"tie</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Written also <i>bhistee</i>, <i>bhisti</i>, etc.] [Per.
<i>bihisht&imacr;</i> lit., heavenly.] <def>A water carrier, as to a
household or a regiment.</def> [India]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Bhis"tee</hw> (?), <hw>Bhis"ti</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as <u>Bheesty</u>.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Bi*an"nu*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>annual</i>.] <def>Occurring twice a year; half-yearly;
semiannual.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bi`be*lot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A small
decorative object without practical utility.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Her pictures, her furniture, and her
<i>bibelots</i>.</blockquote>  <i>M. Crawford.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bick"ford fuse</hw> or <hw>fuze</hw>, <i>or</i> <hw>Bickford
match</hw> (?) }. <def>A fuse used in blasting, consisting of a long
cylinder of explosive material inclosed in a varnished wrapping of
rope or hose. It burns from 2 to 4 feet a minute.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi*dar"kee</hw> (?), <hw>Bi*dar"ka</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>baidarka</i>, dim. Cf. <u>Baidar</u>.]
<def>A portable boat made of skins stretched on a frame.</def>
[Alaska]  <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bie"la's com"et</hw> (?). <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A periodic
coment, discovered by Biela in 1826, which revolves around the sun in
6.6 years. The November meteors (Andromedes or Bielids) move in its
orbit, and may be fragments of the comet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bie"lid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>See <u>Andromede</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi*fo"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-+
focal</i>.] <def>Having two foci, as some spectacle lenses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Big Bend State</hw>. <def>Tennessee; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"la*bong`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<def>In Australia, a blind channel leading out from a river; --
sometimes called an <i>anabranch</i>. This is the sense of the word as
used in the Public Works Department; but the term has also been
locally applied to mere back-waters forming stagnant pools and to
certain water channels arising from a source.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bil"let</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quarters or place to
which one is assigned, as by a billet or ticket; berth; position. Also
used fig.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The men who cling to easy <i>billets</i>
ashore.</blockquote>  <i>Harper's Mag.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>His shafts of satire fly straight to their
<i>billet</i>, and there they rankle.</blockquote>  <i>Pall Mall
Mag.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bil"ly*cock</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>or</i>
<hw>Bil"ly*cock hat`</hw> (?) }. [Perh. from <i>bully</i> +
<i>cock</i>; that is, cocked like the hats of the bullies.] <def>A
round, low-crowned felt hat; a wideawake.</def> "The undignified
<i>billycocks</i> and pantaloons of the West."  <i>B. H.
Chamberlain.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Little acquiesced, and Ransome disguised him in a
beard, and a loose set of clothes, and a <i>billicock
hat</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Charles Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bi"me*tal"lic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Composed of two
different metals; formed of two parts, each of a different metal; as,
<i>bimetallic</i> wire; <i>bimetallic</i> thermometer, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"mo*lec"u*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-
</i> + <i>molecular</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or formed
from, two molecules; as, a <i>bimolecular</i> reaction (a reaction
between two molecules).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bin*bash"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk., prop.,
chief of a thousand; <i>bin</i> thousand + <i>bash</i> head.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A major in the Turkish army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bind"ing post`</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A metallic post
attached to electrical apparatus for convenience in making
connections.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bind"ing screw`</hw>. <def>A set screw used to bind parts
together, esp. one for making a connection in an electrical
circuit.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi`o*dy*nam"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Bi`o*dy*nam"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>} <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to
biodynamics, or the doctrine of vital forces or energy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*dy*nam"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The branch
of biology which treats of the active vital phenomena of organisms; --
opposed to <i>biostatics</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*ge*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>bi`os</grk> life + E. <i>geography</i>.] <def>The branch of
biology which deals with the geographical distribution of animals and
plants. It includes both zo&ouml;geography and phytogeography.</def> -
- <wf>Bi`o*ge`o*graph"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Bi`o*ge`o*graph"ic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bi"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>bi`os</grk>
life + <i>-graph</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>An animated picture
machine for screen projection; a cinematograph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  [Cf. <u>Biography</u>.] <def>A biographical
sketch.</def> [Rare]</p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*pho"to*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>bi`os</grk> life + <i>photo</i> + <grk>fwnh`</grk> sound, voice.]
<def>An instrument combining a cinematograph and a phonograph so that
the moving figures on the screen are accompanied by the appropriate
sounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi`o*plas"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Bioplasmic.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi`o*psy"chic</hw> (?), <hw>Bi`o*psy"chic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>} [Gr. <grk>bi`os</grk> life + <i>psychic</i>,
<i>-cal</i>.] <def>Pertaining to psychical phenomena in their relation
to the living organism or to the general phenomena of life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>bi`os</grk>
life + <i>-scope</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A view of life; that
which gives such a view.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bagman's <i>Bioscope</i>: Various Views of Men and
Manners. [<i>Book Title</i>.]</blockquote>  <i>W. Bayley
(1824).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An animated picture machine for screen
projection; a cinematograph (which see).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"plane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>plane</i>.] <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>An a&euml;roplane with
two main supporting surfaces one above the other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"plane</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>Having, or consisting of, two superposed planes, a&euml;rocurves,
or the like; of or pertaining to a biplane; as, a <i>biplane</i>
rudder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bi"prism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>bi-</i> +
<i>prism</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A prism whose refracting angle
is very nearly 180 degrees.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A combination of two short rectangular
glass prisms cemented together at their diagonal faces so as to form a
cube; -- called also <i>optical cube</i>. It is used in one form of
photometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bird"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An aviator;
airman.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Bird"wom`an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An airwoman; an
aviatress.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Bis"ka*ra boil`</hw>, <hw>Bis"ka*ra but"ton</hw>  }. [Named
after the town <i>Biskara</i>, in Algeria.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Same as
<i>Aleppo boil</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bis"sell truck</hw> (?). <def>A truck for railroad rolling
stock, consisting of two ordinary axle boxes sliding in guides
attached to a triangular frame; -- called also <i>pony
truck</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In the British West Indies,
a fourpenny piece, or groat.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bi"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Bi"to tree`</hw>
}. [Etym. uncertain.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small scrubby tree
(<i>Balanites &AElig;gyptiaca</i>) growing in dry regions of tropical
Africa and Asia.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The hard yellowish white wood is made into plows in
Abyssinia; the bark is used in Farther India to stupefy fish; the ripe
fruit is edible, when green it is an anthelmintic; the fermented juice
is used as a beverage; the seeds yield a medicinal oil called
<i>zachun</i>. The African name of the tree is <i>hajilij</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Bi*tu"men proc"ess</hw>. <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Any process in
which  advantage is taken of the fact that prepared bitumen is
rendered insoluble by exposure to light, as in
photolithography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"bird</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Among slavers and pirates, a negro or Polynesian.</def>
[Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A native of any of the islands near
Queensland; -- called also <i>Kanaka</i>.</def> [Australia]</p>

<p><hw>Black"bird*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slave ship;
a slaver.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>F. T. Bullen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Black"bird*ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The kidnaping of negroes or Polynesians to be sold as
slaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The act or practice of collecting natives
of the islands near Queensland for service on the Queensland sugar
plantations.</def> [Australia]</p>

<p><hw>Black"-eyed` Su"san</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The coneflower, or yellow daisy (<i>Rudbeckia hirta</i>).</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The bladder ketmie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black Flags</hw>. <def>An organization composed originally of
Chinese rebels that had been driven into Tonkin by the suppression of
the Taiping rebellion, but later increased by bands of pirates and
adventurers. It took a prominent part in fighting the French during
their hostilities with Anam, 1873-85.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black Friday</hw>. <def>Any Friday on which a public disaster
has occurred, as: In England, December 6, 1745, when the news of the
landing of the Pretender reached London, or May 11, 1866,  when a
financial panic commenced. In the United States, September 24, 1869,
and September 18, 1873, on which financial panics began.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black Ham"burg</hw> (?). <def>A sweet and juicy variety of
European grape, of a dark purplish black color, much grown under glass
in northern latitudes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black Hand</hw>. [A trans. of Sp. <i>mano negra</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A Spanish anarchistic society, many of the
members of which were imprisoned in 1883.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A lawless or blackmailing secret society,
esp. among Italians.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Black Spanish</hw>. <def>One of an old and well-known
Mediterranean breed of domestic fowls with glossy black plumage, blue
legs and feet, bright red comb and wattles, and white face. They are
remarkable as egg layers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Black"wa`ter State</hw>. <def>Nebraska; -- a nickname alluding
to the dark color of the water of its rivers, due to the presence of a
black vegetable mold in the soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The flat part of the
tongue immediately behind the tip, or point.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Lower <i>blade</i>" implies, of course, the lower
instead of the upper surface of the tongue.</blockquote>  <i>H.
Sweet.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Blanc</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., white.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A white cosmetic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A white sauce of fat, broth, and
vegetables, used esp. for braised meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blan"chard lathe</hw> (?). [After Thomas <i>Blanchard</i>,
American inventor.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A kind of wood-turning lathe
for making noncircular and irregular forms, as felloes, gun stocks,
lasts, spokes, etc., after a given pattern. The pattern and work
rotate on parallel spindles in the same direction with the same speed,
and the work is shaped by a rapidly rotating cutter whose position is
varied by the pattern acting as a cam upon a follower wheel traversing
slowly along the pattern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blan"ket clause`</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>A clause, as in a
blanket mortgage or policy, that includes a group or class of things,
rather than a number mentioned individually and having the burden,
loss, or the like, apportioned among them.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Blanket mortgage</hw> or <hw>policy</hw>  }. <def>One that
covers a group or class of things or properties instead of one or more
things mentioned individually, as where a mortgage secures various
debts as a group, or subjects a group or class of different pieces of
property to one general lien.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blanket stitch</hw>. <def>A buttonhole stitch worked wide apart
on the edge of material, as blankets, too thick to hem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blast lamp</hw>. <def>A lamp provided with some arrangement for
intensifying combustion by means of a blast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blath"er</hw> (bl&abreve;&thlig;"&etilde;r), <pos><i>v. i. &
t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Blathered</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Blathering</u>.] [Written also
<i>blether</i>.] [Icel. <i>bla&eth;ra</i>. Cf. <u>Blatherskite</u>.]
<def>To talk foolishly, or nonsensically.</def>  <i>G. Eliot.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blath"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>blether</i>.] <def>Voluble, foolish, or nonsensical talk; -- often
in the <i>pl.</i></def>  <i>Hall Caine.</i></p>

<p><hw>Blaz"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything that blazes or glows, as with heat or flame.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A light jacket, usually of wool or silk
and of a bright color, for wear at tennis, cricket, or other
sport.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>The dish used when cooking directly over
the flame of a chafing-dish lamp, or the coals of a brasier.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bleph`a*ri"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; eyelid + <i>-ilis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
eyelids.</def> -- <wf>Bleph`a*rit"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Blet</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bletted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bletting</u>.] <def>To decay internally when overripe; -- said of
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blind reader</hw>. <def>A post-office clerk whose duty is to
decipher obscure addresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Block</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
Australia, one of the large lots into which public land, when opened
to settlers, is divided by the government surveyors.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Cricket)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
position of a player or bat when guarding the wicket.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A block hole.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>The popping crease.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><col><b>Back blocks</b></col>, <cd>Australian pastoral country
which is remote from the seacoast or from a river.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Block chain</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A chain in which the
alternate links are broad blocks connected by thin side links pivoted
to the ends of the blocks, used with sprocket wheels to transmit
power, as in a bicycle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Block signal</hw>. <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>One of the danger
signals or safety signals which guide the movement of trains in a
block system. The signal is often so coupled with a switch that act of
opening or closing the switch operates the signal also.</def></p>

<p><hw>Block system</hw>. <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A system by which
the track is divided into short sections, as of three or four miles,
and trains are so run by the guidance of electric, or combined
electric and pneumatic, signals that no train enters a section or
block until the preceding train has left it, as in <col><b>absolute
blocking</b></col>, or that a train may be allowed to follow another
into a block as long as it proceeds with excessive caution, as in
<col><b>permissive blocking</b></col>.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1969 !></p>

<p><hw>Blol"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A shrub or small tree of southern Florida and
the West Indies (<i>Pisonia obtusata</i>) with smooth oval leaves and
a hard, 10-ribbed fruit.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The rubiaceous
shrub <i>Chicocca racemosa</i>, of the same region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue-grass State</hw>. <def>The Sate of Kentucky; -- a nickname
alluding to the blue-grass region, where fine horses are
bred.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue Hen State</hw>. <def>The State of Delaware; -- a popular
sobriquet. It is said, though the story lacks proof, to have taken its
origin from the insistence of a Delaware Revolutionary captain, named
Caldwell, that no cock could be truly game unless the mother was a
blue hen, whence <col><b>Blue Hen's Chickens</b></col> came to be a
nickname for the people of Delaware.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"nose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Nova Scotian;
also, a Nova Scotian ship (called also <hw>Blue"nos`er</hw> (&?;)); a
Nova Scotian potato, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Blue"-sky"law`</hw>. <def>A law enacted to provide for the
regulation and supervision of investment companies in order to protect
the public against companies that do not intend to do a fair and
honest business and that offer investments that do not promise a fair
return; -- so called because the promises made by some investment
companies are as boundless or alluring as the blue sky, or, perhaps,
because designed to clear away the clouds and fogs from the simple
investor's horizon.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Blue"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Blue</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] [Australasia] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A
bushman's blanket; -- named from its color.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We had to wring our <i>blueys</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Lawson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A bushman's bundle; a swag; -- so called
because a blanket is sometimes used as the outside covering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bod veal</hw>. <def>Veal too immature to be suitable for
food.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bo"dhi*sat</hw> (?),  <hw>||Bo`dhi*satt"va</hw>,
<hw>||Bo`dhi*satt"wa</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>b&omacr;dhisattva</i> (perh. through Pali
<i>b&omacr;dhisatt&omacr;</i>); fr. <i>b&omacr;dhi</i> knowledge,
enlightenment + <i>sattva</i> being, essence.] <i>(Buddhism)</i>
<def>One who has reached the highest degree of saintship, so that in
his next incarnation he will be a Buddha, or savior of the
world.</def> -- <wf>Bo"dhi*sat`ship</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bod"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>The central, longitudinal framework of a flying machine, to which
are attached the planes or a&euml;rocurves, passenger accommodations,
controlling and propelling apparatus, fuel tanks, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"gey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Bogeys</b></plw> (#). [Also <i>bogie</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A goblin; a bugbear.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have become a sort of <i>bogey</i> -- a kill-
joy.</blockquote>  <i>Wm. Black.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Golf)</i> <def>A given score or number of
strokes, for each hole, against which players compete; -- said to be
so called because assumed to be the score of an imaginary first-rate
player called Colonel Bogey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"gie en"gine</hw>. <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A switching engine
the running gear and driving gear of which are on a bogie, or
truck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boil"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sunken reef; esp., a
coral reef on which the sea breaks heavily.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bo*le"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of small
outer jacket, with or without sleeves, worn by women.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bo"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A kind of
large knife resembling a machete.</def> [Phil. Islands]</p>

<p><hw>||Bol"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., lit., purse. See
<u>Bourse</u>.] <def>An exchange for the transaction of
business.</def> [Sp. Amer. &amp; Phil. Islands]</p>

<p><hw>||Bo`na*ci"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Amer. Sp.
<i>bonas&iacute;</i>, prob. from native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large grouper (<i>Mycteroperca bonaci</i>)
of Florida and the West Indies, valuable as a food fish; -- called
also <i>aguaji</i> and, in Florida, <i>black grouper</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Also, any one of several other similar
fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bo"na fi"des</hw> (b&omacr;"n&adot; f&imacr;"d&emacr;z). [L.]
<def>Good faith; honesty; freedom from fraud or deception.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bon`bon`ni&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>-ni&egrave;res</b></plw> (#). [F.] <def>A small fancy box or
dish for bonbons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bond</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A heavy copper wire or rod connecting adjacent
rails of an electric railway track when used as a part of the electric
circuit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>League; association; confederacy.</def>
[South Africa]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Africander <i>Bond</i>, a league or association
appealing to African, but practically to Boer,
patriotism.</blockquote>  <i>James Bryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bon"go</hw> (b&obreve;&nsm;"g&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Either of two large antelopes (<i>Bo&ouml;cercus eurycercus</i>
of West Africa, and <i>B. isaaci</i> of East Africa) of a reddish or
chestnut-brown color with narrow white stripes on the body. Their
flesh is especially esteemed as food.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"naz</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
embroidery made with a complicated sewing machine, said to have been
originally invented by a Frenchman of the name of Bonnaz. The work is
done either in freehand or by following a perforated design.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bon"net</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Automobiles)</i>
<def>The metal cover or shield over the motor.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bon`net" rouge"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>The red cap adopted by
the extremists in the French Revolution, which became a sign of
patriotism at that epoch; hence, a revolutionist; a Red
Republican.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boost"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An
instrument for regulating the electro-motive force in an alternating-
current circuit; -- so called because used to "boost", or raise, the
pressure in the circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bor*deaux" mix"ture</hw>. <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A fungicidal
mixture composed of blue vitriol, lime, and water. The formula in
common use is: blue vitriol, 6 lbs.; lime, 4 lbs.; water, 35 -- 50
gallons.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bor`de*reau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Bordereaux</b></plw> (#). [F.] <def>A note or memorandum, esp.
one containing an enumeration of documents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bo"re*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biogeography)</i>
<def>Designating or pertaining to a terrestrial division consisting of
the northern and mountainous parts of both the Old and the New World;
-- equivalent to the <i>Holarctic region</i> exclusive of the
Transition, Sonoran, and corresponding areas. The term is used by
American authors and applied by them chiefly to the Nearctic
subregion. The <i>Boreal</i> region includes approximately all of
North and Central America in which the mean temperature of the hottest
season does not exceed 18&deg; C. (= 64.4&deg; F.). Its subdivisions
are the Arctic zone and <col><b>Boreal zone</b></col>, the latter
including the area between the Arctic and Transition zones.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bos"tryx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; irreg. fr. Gr.
&?; a curl.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A form of cymose inflorescence with
all the flowers on one side of the rachis, usually causing it to curl;
-- called also a <i>uniparous helicoid cyme</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bos*well"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Relating to,
or characteristic of, Dr. Johnson's biographer, James Boswell, whose
hero worship made his narrative a faithful but often uncritical record
of details.</def> -- <wf>Bos"well*ize</wf> (#), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>t.</i></pos> -- <wf>Bos"weel*ism</wf> (#).
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bot"tle-neck` frame"</hw>. <i>(Automobiles)</i> <def>An inswept
frame.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Bot"tom fer`men*ta"tion</hw>. <def>A slow alcoholic
fermentation during which the yeast cells collect at the bottom of the
fermenting liquid. It takes place at a temperature of 4&deg; - 10&deg;
C. (39&deg; - 50&deg;F.). It is used in making lager beer and wines of
low alcohol content but fine bouquet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bou"cher*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [After Dr.
Auguste <i>Boucherie</i>, a French chemist, who invented the process.]
<def>To impregnate with a preservative solution of copper sulphate, as
timber, railroad ties, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bou*gie" d&eacute;`ci`male"</hw> (?). [F., lit., decimal
candle.] <def>A photometric standard used in France, having the value
of one twentieth of the Violle platinum standard, or slightly less
than a British standard candle. Called also <i>decimal
candle</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bou*lan"gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>boulangisme</i>.] <def>The spirit or principles of a French
political movement identified with Gen. Georges Boulanger (d. 1891),
whose militarism and advocacy of revenge on Germany attracted to him a
miscellaneous party of monarchists and Republican malcontents.</def> -
- <wf>Bou*lan"gist</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bou"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A legislative council of
elders or chiefs; a senate.</def> The <i>boule</i> of Homeric times
was an aristocratic body of princes and leaders, merely advisory to
the king. The Athenian <i>boule</i> of Solon's time was an elective
senate of 400, acting as a check on the popular <i>ecclesia</i>, for
which it examined and prepared bills for discussion. It later
increased to 500, chosen by lot, and extended its functions to embrace
certain matters of administration and oversight.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Legislature of modern Greece. See
<u>Legislature</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Boule`var`dier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
frequenter of a city boulevard, esp. in Paris.</def>  <i>F.
Harrison.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bowd"ler*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Bowdlerized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Bowdlerizing</u> (?).] [After Dr. Thomas
<i>Bowdler</i>, an English physician, who published an expurgated
edition of Shakespeare in 1818.] <def>To expurgate, as a book, by
omitting or modifying the parts considered offensive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is a grave defect in the splendid tale of Tom Jones
. . . that a <i>Bowlderized</i> version of it would be hardly
intelligible as a tale.</blockquote>  <i>F. Harrison.</i></p>

<p>-- <wf>Bowd`ler*i*za"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Bowd"ler*ism</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bow"er-Barff" proc`ess</hw> . <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A certain
process for producing upon articles of iron or steel an adherent
coating of the magnetic oxide of iron (which is not liable to
corrosion by air, moisture, or ordinary acids). This is accomplished
by producing, by oxidation at about 1600&deg; F. in a closed space, a
coating containing more or less of the ferric oxide
(Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) and the subsequent change of this in a
reduced atmosphere to the magnetic oxide
(Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Bowl"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 2d <u>Bowl</u>.]
<def>A derby hat.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Box"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of a powerful
Chinese organization which committed numerous outrages on Europeans
and Christian converts in the uprising against foreigners in 1900.
Various names, as "League of United Patriots" and "Great Knife [or
Sword] Society," have been given as the Chinese name of the
organization; why the members were called <i>Boxers</i> is
uncertain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Box"ing day`</hw>. <def>The first week day after Christmas, a
legal holiday on which Christmas boxes are given to postmen, errand
boys, employees, etc. The night of this day is <i>boxing
night</i>.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Box kite</hw>. <def>A kite, invented by Lawrence Hargrave, of
Sydney, Australia, which consist of two light rectangular boxes, or
cells open on two sides, and fastened together horizontally. Called
also <i>Hargrave, or cellular, kite</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Box tail</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>In a flying
machine, a tail or rudder, usually fixed, resembling a box
kite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Boy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In various countries, a
male servant,  laborer, or slave of a native or inferior race; also,
any man of such a race.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He reverted again and again to the labor difficulty,
and spoke of importing <i>boys</i> from Capetown.</blockquote>
<i>Frances Macnab.</i></p>

<p><hw>Boy scout</hw>. <def>Orig., a member of the "Boy Scouts," an
organization of boys founded in 1908, by Sir R. S. S. Baden-Powell, to
promote good citizenship by creating in them a spirit of civic duty
and of usefulness to others, by stimulating their interest in
wholesome mental, moral, industrial, and physical activities, etc.
Hence, a member of any of the other similar organizations, which are
now worldwide. In "The Boy Scouts of America" the local councils are
generally under a scout commissioner, under whose supervision are
scout masters, each in charge of a troop of two or more patrols of
eight scouts each, who are of three classes, <i>tenderfoot</i>,
<i>second-class scout</i>, and <i>first-class scout</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brack"et</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gunnery)</i> <def>A
figure determined by firing a projectile beyond a target and another
short of it, as a basis for ascertaining the proper elevation of the
piece; -- only used in the phrase, <i>to establish a bracket</i>.
After the bracket is established shots are fired with intermediate
elevations until the exact range is obtained. In the United States
navy it is called <i>fork</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brack"et</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Gunnery)</i> <def>To
shoot so as to establish a bracket for (an object).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Braille</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A system of
printing or writing for the blind in which the characters are
represented by tangible points or dots. It was invented by Louis
Braille, a French teacher of the blind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bran"den*burg</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after
<i>Brandenburg</i>, a province and a town of Prussia.] <def>A kind of
decoration for the breast of a coat, sometimes only a frog with a
loop, but in some military uniforms enlarged into a broad horizontal
stripe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He wore a coat . . . trimmed with
<i>Brandenburgs</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Smollett.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brash"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Resembling, or of the nature of, brash, or broken fragments;
broken; crumbly.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Our progress was not at all impeded by the few soft,
<i>brashy</i> floes that we encountered.</blockquote>  <i>F. T.
Bullen.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Showery; characterized by brashes, or
showers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bras"i*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>br&eacute;siline</i>. See 2d <u>Brazil</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
substance, C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>14</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, extracted from
brazilwood as a yellow crystalline powder which is white when pure. It
is colored intensely red by alkalies on exposure to the air, being
oxidized to <hw>bra*sil"e*in</hw> (&?;),
C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, to which brazilwood owes
its dyeing properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brasque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>A paste made by mixing powdered charcoal, coal, or coke with
clay, molasses, tar, or other suitable substance. It is used for
lining hearths, crucibles, etc. Called also <i>steep</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bras`si&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
form of woman's underwaist stiffened with whalebones, or the like, and
worn to support the breasts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brass"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>brassie</i> and <i>brassey</i>.] <i>(Golf)</i> <def>A wooden club
soled with brass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Braw</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Brave</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Well-dressed; handsome; smart; brave; -- used of persons or their
clothing, etc.; as, a <i>braw</i> lad.</def> "A <i>braw</i> new gown."
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Good; fine.</def> "A <i>braw</i>  night."
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Break"a*way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Break</i> +
<i>away</i>] [Australasia] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A wild rush of
sheep, cattle, horses, or camels (especially at the smell or the sight
of water); a stampede.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An animal that breaks away from a
herd.</def></p>

<p><hw>Breech action</hw>. <def>The breech mechanism in breech-loading
small arms and certain special guns, as automatic and machine guns; --
used frequently in referring to the method by which the movable
barrels of breech-loading shotguns are locked, unlocked, or rotated to
loading position.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bre*lan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Card
Playing)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A French gambling game somewhat
like poker.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In French games, a pair
royal, or triplet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bre*lan" car`re"</hw> (?). [F. <i>carr&eacute;</i> square.]
<i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>In French games, a double pair
royal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bre*lan" fa`vo`ri"</hw> (?). [F. <i>favori</i> favorite.]
<i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>In French games, a pair royal composed of 2
cards in the hand and the card turned.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bre*loque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A seal or
charm for a watch chain.</def> "His chains and <i>breloques</i>."
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Brick"field`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Australia</i>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>Orig., at Sydney, a cold
and violent south or southwest wind, rising suddenly, and regularly
preceded by a hot wind from the north; -- now usually called
<i>southerly buster</i>. It blew across the <i>Brickfields</i>,
formerly so called, a district of Sydney, and carried clouds of dust
into the city.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>By confusion, a midsummer hot wind from
the north.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bri*cole"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An ancient kind of military catapult.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In court tennis, the rebound of a ball
from a wall of the court; also, the side stroke or play by which the
ball is driven against the wall; hence, fig., indirect action or
stroke.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>A shot in which the cue
ball is driven first against the cushion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bridge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A card game resembling
whist.</def> The trump, if any, is determined by the dealer or his
partner, the value of each trick taken over six being: for "no trumps"
12, hearts 8, diamonds 6, clubs 4, spades 2. The opponents of the
dealer can, after the trump is declared, double the value of the
tricks, in which case the dealer or his partner can redouble, and so
on. The dealer plays his partner's hand as a dummy. The side which
first reaches or exceeds 30 points scored for tricks wins a
<i>game</i>; the side which first wins two games wins a <i>rubber</i>.
The total score for any side is the sum of the points scored for
tricks, for rubbers (each of which counts 100), for honors (which
follow a special schedule of value), and for <i>slam</i>, <i>little
slam</i>, and <i>chicane</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Brie" cheese"</hw> (?). <def>A kind of soft French cream
cheese; -- so called from the district in France where it is made; --
called also <i>fromage de Brie</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brig</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Origin unknown.]
<i>(Nav.)</i> <def>On a United States man-of-war, the prison or place
of confinement for offenders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bril"lian*tine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>brillantine</i>. See lst <u>Brilliant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An oily composition used to make the hair glossy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A dress fabric having a glossy finish on
both sides, resembling alpaca but of superior quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bri`oche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A light cake made with flour, butter, yeast,
and eggs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A knitted foot cushion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bri`o*lette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An oval
or pearshaped diamond having its entire surface cut in triangular
facets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bri*quette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also
<i>briquet</i>.] [F., dim. of <i>brique</i> brick.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A block of compacted coal dust, or peat, etc.,
for fuel.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1970 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A block of artificial stone in the form of
a brick, used for paving; also, a molded sample of solidified cement
or mortar for use as a test piece for showing the strength of the
material.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bro`ch&eacute;"</hw> (br&osl;`sh&amacr;"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Stitched; -- said of a book with no cover or
only a paper one.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bro`chette"</hw> (br&osl;`sh&ebreve;t"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., dim. of <i>broche</i>. See <u>Broach</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A small spit or skewer.</def></p>

<p> -- <col><b>En bro`chette"</b></col> (&auml;n) [F.], <cd>on a
brochette; skewered.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Brock"en spec"ter</hw> or <hw>spec"tre</hw> (?) }. [Trans. of
G. <i>Brockengespenst</i>.] <def>A mountain specter (which see), esp.
that observed on the Brocken, in the Harz Mountains.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ken breast`</hw>. <def>Abscess of the mammary
gland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"ma*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Bromine</u>.] <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A colorless or white crystalline
compound,
(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>6</sub>N<sub>4</sub>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>Br,
used as a sedative in epilepsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brom`an"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Brom</i>ine +
<i>anil</i>ine.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A substance analogous to
chloranil but containing bromine in place of chlorine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"mide</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who is
conventional and commonplace in his habits of thought and
conversation. [Slang]</def> -- <wf>Bro*mid"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>bromide</i> conforms to everythyng sanctioned by
the majority, and may be depended upon to be trite, banal, and
arbitrary.</blockquote>  <i>Gelett Burgess.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bromide</hw>, or <hw>Bromid, paper</hw>}. <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>A sensitized paper coated with gelatin impregnated with bromide
of silver, used in contact printing and in enlarging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro*mid"i*om</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Bromide</i> +
<i>idiom</i>.] <def>A conventional comment or saying, such as those
characteristic of bromides.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Bro`mo*gel"a*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Brom</i>ine + <i>gelatin</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Designating
or pertaining to, a process of preparing dry plates with an emulsion
of bromides and silver nitrate in gelatin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro`mo*i"o*dism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Brom</i>ine
+ <i>iod</i>ine + <i>-ism</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Poisoning induced
by large doses of bromine and iodine or of their compounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro`mo*i"o*dized</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Treated with bromides and iodides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bro"mol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbr. fr.
tri<i>bromo</i>phen<i>ol</i>.] <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A crystalline
substance (chemically, tribromophenol,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>3</sub>OH), used as an antiseptic and
disinfectant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bron"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thunder +
<i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tracing or
chart showing the phenomena attendant on thunderstorms.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument for making such tracings, as a
recording brontometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bron*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thunder
+ <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>An instrument for noting or
recording phenomena attendant on thunderstorms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bronze steel</hw>. <def>A hard tough alloy of tin, copper, and
iron, which can be used for guns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brown race</hw>. <def>The Malay or Polynesian race; -- loosely
so called.</def></p>

<p><hw>Brush</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In Australia, a dense
growth of vegetation in good soil, including shrubs and trees, mostly
small.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buc"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>boucan</i>. See
<u>Buccaneer</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A wooden frame or grid for
roasting, smoking, or drying meat over fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A place where meat is smoked.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Buccaned meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Buc"can</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F. <i>boucaner</i>. See
<u>Buccaneer</u>.] <def>To expose (meat) in strips to fire and smoke
upon a buccan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu*ceph"a*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
lit., ox-headed; &?; ox + &?; head.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>The
celebrated war horse of Alexander the Great.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Hence, any riding horse.</def> [Jocose]
<i>Sir W. Scott</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Buck"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bucketed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bucketing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To draw or lift in, or as
if in, buckets; as, to <i>bucket</i> water.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To pour over from a bucket; to
drench.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To ride (a horse) hard or
mercilessly.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <i>(Rowing)</i> <def>To make, or cause to make
(the recovery), with a certain hurried or unskillful forward swing of
the body.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Buck fever</hw>. <def>Intense excitement at the sight of deer
or other game, such as often unnerves a novice in hunting.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Bulb"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. fr. <i>bulb</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A small or secondary bulb;
hence, now almost exclusively: An a&euml;rial bulb or deciduous bud,
produced in the leaf axils, as in the tiger lily, or relpacing the
flowers, as in some onions, and capable, when separated, of
propagating the plant; -- called also <i>bulblet</i> and <i>brood
bud</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A small hollow bulb, such
as an enlargement in a small vessel or tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bul"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Bulge</u>.]
<i>(Golf)</i> <def>A driver or a brassy with a convex face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bull Moose</hw>. (U. S. Politics) <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
follower of Theodore Roosevelt in the presidential campaign of 1912; -
- a sense said to have originated from a remark made by  Roosevelt on
a certain occasion that he felt "like a bull moose."</def> [Cant]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The figure of a bull moose used as the party
symbol of the Progressive party in the presidential campaign of
1912.</def> -- <wf>Bull Mooser</wf>. [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Bull"-roar`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A contrivance
consisting of a slat of wood tied to the end of a thong or string,
with which the slat is whirled so as to cause an intermittent roaring
noise. It is used as a toy, and among some races in certain religious
rites.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Bul"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Bul"ly beef`</hw>
(?) }. [F. <i>bouilli</i> boiled meat, fr. <i>bouillir</i> to boil.
See <u>Boil</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> The word <i>bouilli</i> was
formerly commonly used on the labels of canned beef.] <def>Pickled or
canned beef.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bul"tong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Biltong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bum"ble*pup`py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Origin unknown;
cf. <u>Bumble</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>The
old game of nineholes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>Whist played in an
unscientific way.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bun"des*rath`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.; <i>bund</i>
confederacy + <i>rath</i> council.] <def>Lit., a federal council, esp.
of the German Empire. See <u>Legislature</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bun"des-Ver*samm"lung</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.;
<i>bund</i> confederacy + <i>versammlung</i> assembly.] <def>See
<u>Legislature</u>, <i>Switzerland</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bun"do*bust</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. &amp; Per.
<i>bando-bast</i> tying and binding.] <def>System; discipline.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><blockquote>He has more <i>bundobust</i> than most
men.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Bun"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A small sand hole or pit, as on a golf course.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Sir W. Scott.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Golf)</i> <def>Hence, any rough hazardous
ground on the links; also, an artificial hazard with built-up
faces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bun"ker</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>To
drive (the ball) into a bunker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bun"ko</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Bunkoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Bunkoing</u>.] <def>To swindle by a bunko game or scheme; to cheat
or victimize in any similar way, as by a confidence game, passing a
bad check, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bun"sen cell</hw> (?). <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A zinc-carbon cell
in which the zinc (amalgamated) is surrounded by dilute sulphuric
acid, and the carbon by nitric acid or a chromic acid mixture, the two
plates being separated by a porous cup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bunt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A push or shove; a
butt;</def> specif. <i>(Baseball)</i>, <def>the act of bunting the
ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bunt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <i>(Baseball)</i>
<def>To bat or tap (the ball) slowly within the infield by meeting it
with the bat without swinging at it.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Bur"schen*schaft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>-schaften</b></plw> (#). [G.] <def>In Germany, any of various
associations of university students formed (the original one at Jena
in 1815) to support liberal ideas, or the organization formed by the
affiliation of the local bodies. The organization was suppressed by
the government in 1819, but was secretly revived, and is now openly
maintained as a social organization, the restrictive laws having been
repealed prior to 1849.</def> -- <wf>Bur"schen*schaft`ler</wf> (#),
<wf>-schaf`ter</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Bush"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Busheled</u> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Busheling</u>.] [Cf. G. <i>bosseln</i>.] <i>(Tailoring)</i> <def>To
mend or repair, as men's garments; to repair garments.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Bu"shi`do`</hw> (b&oomac;"sh&emacr;`d&omacr;`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap. <i>bu</i> military + <i>shi</i> knight +
<i>d&omacr;</i> way, doctrine, principle.] <def>The unwritten code of
moral principles regulating the actions of the Japanese knighthood, or
Samurai; the chivalry of Japan.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Unformulated, <i>Bushido</i> was and still is the
animating spirit, the motor force of our country.</blockquote>
<i>Inazo Nitob&eacute;.</i></p>

<p><hw>Busk</hw> (b&ubreve;sk), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Among the
Creek Indians, a feast of first fruits celebrated when the corn is
ripe enough to be eaten. The feast usually continues four days. On the
first day the new fire is lighted, by friction of wood, and
distributed to the various households, an offering of green corn,
including an ear brought from each of the four quarters or directions,
is consumed, and medicine is brewed from snakeroot. On the second and
third days the men physic with the medicine, the women bathe, the two
sexes are taboo to one another, and all fast. On the fourth day there
are feasting, dancing, and games.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu`tyl*am"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>But</i>yric +
<i>-yl</i> + <i>amine</i>.] <i>(Org. Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless
liquid base, C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NH<sub>2</sub>, of which there
are four isomeric varieties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bu"ty*ryl</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Butyr</i>ic +
<i>-yl</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>The radical
(C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>7</sub>O) of butyric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Bye</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
various sports in which the contestants are drawn in pairs, the
position or turn of one left with no opponent in consequence of an odd
number being engaged; as, to draw a <i>bye</i> in a round of a tennis
tournament.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Golf)</i> <def>The hole or holes of a
stipulated course remaining unplayed at the end of a match.</def></p>

<p><point26>C.</point26></p>

<p><hw>||Caa*tin"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Tupi <i>caa-
tinga</i> white forest.] <i>(Phytogeography)</i> <def>A forest
composed of stunted trees and thorny bushes, found in areas of small
rainfall in Brazil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`bal*le*ri"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. See
<u>Caballero</u>.] <def>An ancient Spanish land tenure similar to the
English knight's fee; hence, in Spain and countries settled by the
Spanish, a land measure of varying size. In Cuba it is about 33 acres;
in Porto Rico, about 194 acres; in the Southwestern United States,
about 108 acres.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`bal*le"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. Cf.
<u>Cavalier</u>.] <def>A knight or cavalier; hence, a
gentleman.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*bal"lo</hw> (k&adot;*v&auml;l"y&osl;; 220),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>cavallo</i>.] [Sp., fr. L.
<i>caballus</i> a nag. See <u>Cavalcade</u>.] <def>A horse.</def> [Sp.
Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>Cab"a*ret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In the United
States, a caf&eacute; or restaurant where the guests are entertained
by performers who dance or sing on the floor between the tables, after
the practice of a certain class of French taverns; hence, an
entertainment of this nature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"ber</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gael. <i>cabar</i>.]
<def>A pole or beam, esp. one used in Gaelic games for tossing as a
trial of strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`bo`chon"</hw> (k&adot;`b&osl;`sh&ocirc;N"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Jewelry)</i> <def>A stone of convex
form, highly polished, but not faceted; also, the style of cutting
itself. Such stones are said to be cut <i>en cabochon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*ch&aelig;"mi*a</hw>, <hw>||Ca*che"mi*a</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; bad + &?; blood.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A degenerated or poisoned condition of the blood.</def> --
<wf>Ca*ch&aelig;"mic</wf>, <wf>Ca*che"mic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Cac`o*chym"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., Gr. &?;;
&?; bad + &?; juice.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A vitiated state of the
humors, or fluids, of the body, esp. of the blood.</def> --
<wf>Cac`o*chym"ic</wf> (#), <wf>Cac`o*chym"ic*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Cac`o*sto"mi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; bad + &?; mouth.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Diseased or gangrenous
condition of the mouth.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*dav"er*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>-
in</hw>  }. [From <u>Cadaver</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A sirupy,
nontoxic ptomaine, C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>14</sub>N<sub>2</sub>
(chemically pentamethylene diamine), formed in putrefaction of flesh,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cad"die</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>caddy</i>, <i>cadie</i>, <i>cady</i>, and <i>cawdy</i>.] [See
<u>Cadet</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A cadet.</def> [Obs.
Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A lad; young fellow.</def> [Scot.]
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>One who does errands or other odd
jobs.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>An attendant who carries a golf player's
clubs, tees his ball, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*det"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
New Zealand, a young gentleman learning sheep farming at a station;
also, any young man attached to a sheep station.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A young man who makes a business of
ruining girls to put them in brothels.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>C&aelig;`la*tu"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr.
<i>caelare</i> to engrave in relief.] <def>Art of producing metal
decorative work other than statuary, as reliefs, intaglios, engraving,
chasing, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Caf`e*te"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>cafeti&egrave;re</i>.] <def>A restaurant or caf&eacute; at which
the patrons serve themselves with food kept at a counter, taking the
food to small tables to eat.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*hens"ly*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <def>A plan proposed to the Pope in 1891 by P. P. Cahensly, a
member of the German parliament, to divide the foreign-born population
of the United States, for ecclesiastical purposes, according to
European nationalities, and to appoint bishops and priests of like
race and speaking the same language as the majority of the members of
a diocese or congregation. This plan was successfully opposed by the
American party in the Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca*hin"ca root`</hw> (?). [Written also <i>cainca root</i>.]
[See <u>Cahincic</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The root of an American
shrub (<i>Chiococca racemosa</i>), found as far north as Florida Keys,
from which cahincic acid is obtained; also, the root of the South
American <i>Chiococca anguifuga</i>, a celebrated antidote for snake
poison.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cais"son dis*ease"</hw>. <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease
frequently induced by remaining for some time in an atmosphere of high
pressure, as in caissons, diving bells, etc. It is characterized by
neuralgic pains and paralytic symptoms. It is variously explained,
most probably as due to congestion of internal organs with subsequent
stasis of the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"jun</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A corruption of
<u>Acadian</u>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>In Louisiana, a person reputed
to be Acadian French descent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`la*bo"zo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A jail.
See <u>Calaboose</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca`la*ve"ras skull</hw> (?). <def>A human skull reported, by
Prof. J. D. Whitney, as found in 1886 in a Tertiary auriferous gravel
deposit, lying below a bed of black lava, in Calaveras County,
California. It is regarded as very doubtful whether the skull really
belonged to the deposit in which it was found. If it did, it indicates
an unprecedented antiquity for human beings of an advanced
type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cal`i*for"ni*a jack"</hw> (?). <def>A game at cards, a
modification of seven-up, or all fours.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*lor"i*sa`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., heater,
fr. L. <i>calor</i> heat.] <def>An apparatus used in beet-sugar
factories to heat the juice in order to aid the diffusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Calve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i>
<def>To throw off fragments which become icebergs; -- said of a
glacier.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"ma*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.] <def>Chamber;
house; -- used in <hw>Ca"ma*ra dos Pa"res</hw> (&?;), and <hw>Ca"ma*ra
dos De`pu*ta"dos</hw> (&?;). See <u>Legislature</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`ma`ra`de*rie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Comrade</u>.] <def>Comradeship and loyalty.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The spirit of <i>camaraderie</i> is strong among these
riders of the plains.</blockquote>  <i>W. A. Fraser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cam"ass</hw> (?). <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Origin uncert.] <def>A
small prairie in a forest; a small grassy plain among hills.</def>
[Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca*mel"li*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., after Georg
Josef <i>Kamel</i>, or <i>Camelli</i>, a Jesuit who is said to have
brought it from the East.] <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>An ornamental
greenhouse shrub (<i>Thea japonica</i>) with glossy evergreen leaves
and roselike red or white double flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cam"el*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Troops that are
mounted on camels.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`mem`bert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>or</i>
<hw>Camembert cheese</hw>. <def>A kind of soft, unpressed cream cheese
made in the vicinity of Camembert, near Argentan, France; also, any
cheese of the same type, wherever made.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca*mor"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A secret
organization formed at Naples, Italy, early in the 19th century, and
used partly for political ends and partly for practicing extortion,
violence, etc.</def> -- <wf>Ca*mor"rist</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ca*nal"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A long and relatively
narrow arm of the sea, approximately uniform in width; -- used chiefly
in proper names; as, Portland <i>Canal</i>; Lynn <i>Canal</i>.</def>
[Alaska]</p>

<p><hw>||Ca`na`p&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., orig. a
couch with mosquito curtains. See <u>Canopy</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A sofa or divan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A slice or piece of bread
fried in butter or oil, on which anchovies, mushrooms, etc., are
served.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1971 !></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`na`p&eacute;" con`fi`dent"</hw> (?). <def>A sofa having a
seat at each end at right angles to the main seats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can*des"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>candescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>candescere</i>, v.
incho. fr. <i>candere</i> to shine.] <def>Glowing; luminous;
incandescent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Candle foot</hw>. <i>(Photom.)</i> <def>The illumination
produced by a British standard candle at a distance of one foot; --
used as a unit of illumination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Candle meter</hw>. <i>(Photom.)</i> <def>The illumination given
by a standard candle at a distance of one meter; -- used as a unit of
illumination, except in Great Britain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"dle*nut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The fruit of a euphorbiaceous tree or shrub (<i>Aleurites
moluccana</i>), native of some of the Pacific islands. It is used by
the natives as a candle. The oil from the nut ( <col><b>candlenut, or
kekune</b></col>, <col><b>oil</b></col>) has many uses.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The tree itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can`dle*pin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Tenpins)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A form of pin slender and nearly straight
like a candle.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The game played with
such pins; -- in form <i>candlepins</i>, used as a singular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Candle power</hw>. <i>(Photom.)</i> <def>Illuminating power, as
of a lamp, or gas flame, reckoned in terms of the light of a standard
candle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cangue</hw> (k&abreve;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>cang</i>.] [F. <i>cangue</i>, fr. Pg. <i>canga</i> yoke.] <def>A
very broad and heavy wooden collar which certain offenders in China
are compelled to wear as a punishment.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Can`ne*l&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., pop.,
fluted.] <i>(Textiles)</i> <def>A style of interweaving giving to
fabrics a channeled or fluted effect; also, a fabric woven so as to
have this effect; a rep.</def></p>

<p><hw>Can"ne*lure</hw> (k&abreve;n"n&esl;*l&usl;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>canneler</i> to groove.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A groove in any cylinder; specif., a groove around
the cylinder of an elongated bullet for small arms to contain a
lubricant, or around the rotating band of a gun projectile to lessen
the resistance offered to the rifling. Also, a groove around the base
of a cartridge, where the extractor takes hold.</def> --
<wf>Can"ne*lured</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Can"non</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To discharge cannon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To collide or strike violently, esp. so as
to glance off or rebound; to strike and rebound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He heard the right-hand goal post crack as a pony
<i>cannoned</i> into it -- crack, splinter, and fall like a
mast.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ca&ntilde;`on*ci"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Amer. Sp.
dim. See <u>Ca&ntilde;on</u>.] [Southwestern U. S.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small ca&ntilde;on.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A narrow passage or lane through chaparral
or a forest.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`po*ral"</hw> (k&auml;`p&osl;*r&auml;l"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. See <u>Corporal</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>One who directs work; an overseer.</def> [Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ca"po tas"to</hw> (?). [It. <i>capotasto</i>.] <i>(Music)</i>
<def>A sort of bar or movable nut, attached to the finger board of a
guitar or other  fretted instrument for the purpose of raising
uniformly the pitch of all the strings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ca"pri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Wine produced on the
island of Capri, commonly a light, dry, white wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cap`su*li"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; E.
<i>capsule</i> + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of a
capsule, as that of the crystalline lens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cap`su*lot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Capsule</i>
+ Gr. &?; to cut.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>The incision of a capsule, esp.
of that of the crystalline lens, as in a cataract operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`ra*ba"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The water buffalo.</def> [Phil. Islands]</p>

<p><hw>Ca`ra*cul"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Var. of
<u>Karakul</u>, a kind of fur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A carbon
rod or pencil used in an arc lamp; also, a plate or piece of carbon
used as one of the elements of a voltaic battery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bon*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Carbon</i> +
<i>-ite</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>An explosive consisting
essentially of nitroglycerin, wood meal, and some nitrate, as that of
sodium.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An explosive composed of nitrobenzene,
saltpeter, sulphur, and kieselguhr.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"bon process</hw>. <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A printing process
depending on the effect of light on bichromatized gelatin. Paper
coated with a mixture of the gelatin and a pigment is called
<col><b>carbon paper</b></col> <i>or</i> <col><b>carbon
tissue</b></col>. This is exposed under a negative and the film is
transferred from the paper to some other support and developed by
washing (the unexposed portions being dissolved away). If the process
stops here it is called <i>single transfer</i>; if the image is
afterward transferred in order to give an unreversed print, the method
is called <i>double transfer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Carbon steel</hw>. <def>Steel deriving its qualities from
carbon chiefly, without the presence of other alloying elements; --
opposed to <i>alloy steel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Carbon transmitter</hw>. <def>A telephone transmitter in which
a carbon contact is used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`bo*run"dum</hw> (?), [<i>Carbo</i>n + <i>corundum</i>.]
<def>A beautiful crystalline compound, SiC, consisting of carbon and
silicon in combination; carbon silicide. It is made by heating carbon
and sand together in an electric furnace. The commercial article is
dark-colored and iridescent. It is harder than emery, and is used as
an abrasive.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Carborundum cloth</hw> or <hw>paper</hw>  }. <def>Cloth or
paper covered with powdered carborundum.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Car"bu*ret`or</hw>, <hw>Car"bu*ret`tor</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that carburets; specif., an apparatus in
which air or gas is carbureted, as by passing it through a light
petroleum oil. The carburetor for a gasoline engine is usually either
a <col><b>surface carburetor</b></col>, or a <col><b>float, float-
feed, or spray</b></col>, <col><b>carburetor</b></col>. In the former
air is charged by being passed over the surface of gasoline. In the
latter a fine spray of gasoline is drawn from an atomizing nozzle by a
current of air induced by the suction of the engine piston, the supply
of gasoline being regulated by a float which actuates a needle valve
controlling the outlet of the feed pipe. Alcohol and other volatile
inflammable liquids may be used instead of gasoline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"cel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photom.)</i> <def>A
light standard much used in France, being the light from a Carcel lamp
of stated size and construction consuming 42 grams of colza oil per
hour with a flame 40 millimeters in height. Its illuminating power is
variously stated at from 8.9 to 9.6 British standard
candles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"di*o*gram`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; heart +
<i>-gram</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The curve or tracing made by a
cardiograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`di*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Description of the heart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Examination by the
cardiograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Car"di*o*scle*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; heart + <i>sclerosis</i>.] <def>Induration of the heart,
caused by development of fibrous tissue in the cardiac
muscle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car mile</hw>. <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A mile traveled by a
single car, taken as a unit of computation, as in computing the
average travel of each car of a system during a given
period.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car mileage</hw>. <i>(Railroads)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Car miles collectively.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The amount
paid by one road the use of cars of another road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"mi*nat`ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, relating
to, or mixed with, carmine; as, <i>carminated</i> lake.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"nic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>caro</i>,
<i>carnis</i>, flesh.] <def>Of or pertaining to flesh;</def> specif.
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, <def>pertaining to or designating a
hydroscopic monobasic acid,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>15</sub>O<sub>5</sub>N<sub>3</sub>, obtained as a
cleavage product from an acid of muscle tissue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car`not's" cy"cle</hw> (?). [After N. L. S. <i>Carnot</i>,
French physicist.] <i>(Thermodynamics)</i> <def>An ideal heat-engine
cycle in which the working fluid goes through the following four
successive operations: (1) Isothermal expansion to a desired point;
(2) adiabatic expansion to a desired point; (3) isothermal compression
to such a point that (4) adiabatic compression brings it back to its
initial state.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca`rotte"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop., carrot.]
<def>A cylindrical roll of tobacco; as, a <i>carotte</i> of
perique.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Car`ro*ma"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. in Phil. I.]
<def>In the Philippines, a light, two-wheeled, boxlike vehicle usually
drawn by a single native pony and used to convey passengers within
city limits or for traveling. It is the common public
carriage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>cartista</i>,
fr. <i>carta</i> paper, document (cf. Pg. <i>carta</i>). See
<u>Charta</u>; cf. <u>Chartist</u>.] <def>In Spain and Portugal, one
who supports the constitution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Car"to*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>cartogramme</i>.] <def>A map showing geographically, by shades or
curves, statistics of various kinds; a statistical map.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"sa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. or It., fr. L.
<i>casa</i>  cabin.] <def>A house or mansion.</def> [Sp. Amer. &amp; Phil.
Islands]</p>

<p><blockquote>I saw that Enriquez had made no attempt to modernize
the old <i>casa</i>, and that even the garden was left in its lawless
native luxuriance.</blockquote>  <i>Bret Harte.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cas*cade" meth"od</hw>. <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A method of
attaining successively lower temperatures by utilizing the cooling
effect of the expansion of one gas in condensing another less easily
liquefiable, and so on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cascade system</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A system or method of
connecting and operating two induction motors so that the primary
circuit of one is connected to the secondary circuit of the other, the
primary circuit of the latter being connected to the source of supply;
also, a system of electric traction in which motors so connected are
employed. The cascade system is also called <col><b>tandem, or
concatenated</b></col>, <col><b>system</b></col>; the connection a
<col><b>cascade, tandem, or concatenated</b></col>,
<col><b>connection</b></col>, or <col><b>a concatenation</b></col>;
and the control of the motors so obtained a <col><b>tandem, or
concatenation</b></col>, <col><b>control</b></col>.</def> In the
cascade system of traction the cascade connection is used for starting
and for low speeds up to half speed. For full speed the short-
circuited motor is cut loose from the other motor and is either left
idle or (commonly) connected direct to the line.</p>

<p><hw>Cas"ca*ra buck"thorn`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
buckthorn (<i>Rhamnus Purshiana</i>) of the Pacific coast of the
United States, which yields cascara sagrada.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cas`ca*ron"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>cascar&oacute;n</i>.] <def>Lit., an eggshell; hence, an eggshell
filled with confetti to be thrown during balls, carnivals, etc.</def>
[Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ca"se*ose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Case</i>in + <i>-
ose</i>.] <i>(Physiol.Chem.)</i> <def>A soluble product (proteose)
formed in the gastric and pancreatic digestion of casein and
caseinogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Case system</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>The system of teaching law
in which the instruction is primarily a historical and inductive study
of leading or selected cases, with or without the use of textbooks for
reference and collateral reading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cash*ier's" check</hw> (?). <i>(Banking)</i> <def>A check drawn
by a bank upon its own funds, signed by the cashier.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cash railway</hw>. <def>A form of cash carrier in which a small
carrier or car travels upon a kind of track.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cash register</hw>. <def>A device for recording the amount of
cash received, usually having an automatic adding machine and a money
drawer and exhibiting the amount of the sale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cas"sa*va wood`</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A West Indian tree
(<i>Turpinia occidentalis</i>) of the family
<i>Staphyleace&aelig;</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cas"sel brown</hw>, <hw>Cas"sel earth</hw>  } (?). <def>A
brown pigment of varying permanence, consisting of impure lignite. It
was found originally near Cassel (now Kassel), Germany.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Casse`-t&ecirc;te"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>casser</i> to breal (see 2d <u>Quash</u>) + <i>t&ecirc;te</i>
head.] <def>A small war club, esp. of savages; -- so called because of
its supposed use in crushing the skull.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cas`sette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop., a
casket, dim. of <i>casse</i> a case. See lst <u>Case</u>.] <def>Same
as <u>Seggar</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*clasm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?; down +
&?; to break.] <def>A breaking asunder; disruption.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*crot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Cata-</i> +
Gr. &?; a beating.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Designating, pertaining to,
or characterized by, that form of pulse tracing, or sphygmogram, in
which the descending portion of the curve is marked by secondary
elevations due to two or more expansions of the artery in the same
beat.</def> -- <wf>Ca*tac"rotism</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cat`a*di"cro*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Cata-</i>
+ <i>dicrotism</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Quality or state of being
catacrotic.</def> -- <wf>Cat`a*di*crot"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cat"a*plex`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; amazement:
cf. <u>Apoplexy</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition caused by
an overwhelming shock or extreme fear and marked by rigidity of the
muscles.</def> -- <wf>Cat`a*plec"tic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Catch crop</hw>. <def>Any crop grown between the rows of
another crop or intermediate between two crops in ordinary rotation in
point of time.</def> -- <wf>Catch"-crop`ping</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Radishes . . . are often grown as a <i>catch crop</i>
with other vegetables.</blockquote>  <i>L. H. Bailey.</i></p>

<p><hw>Catch title</hw>. <def>A short expressive title used for
abbreviated book lists, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Catch"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Apt or tending to catch the fancy or attention; catching; taking;
as, <i>catchy</i> music.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Tending to catch or insnare; entangling; -
- usually used fig.; as, a <i>catchy</i> question.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Consisting of, or occuring in,
disconnected parts or snatches; changeable; as, a <i>catchy</i>
wind.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It [the fox's scent] is . . . flighty or <i>catchy</i>,
if variable.</blockquote>  <i>Encyc. of Sport.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ca*thar"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Psychotherapy)</i> <def>The process of relieving an abnormal
excitement by re&euml;stablishing the association of the emotion with
the memory or idea of the event that first caused it, and of
eliminating it by complete expression (called the
<i>abreaction</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ca*thod"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Ca*thod"e*graph</hw> (?) }. [<i>Cathode</i> + <i>-graph</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>A picture produced by the R&ouml;ntgen rays; a
radiograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"lome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>kalo`s</grk>
stem + <i>-ome</i> as in rhi<i>zome</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A stem
structure or stem axis of a plant, viewed as a whole.</def> --
<wf>Cau*lom"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Cause`rie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>causer</i> to chat.] <def>Informal talk or discussion, as about
literary matters; light conversation; chat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Civil &amp; Scots Law)</i>
<def>A pledge, bond, or other security for the performance of an
obligation either in or out of judicial proceedings; the promise or
contract of one not for himself but another; security.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cau"tion*a*ry block</hw>. <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A block in
which two or more trains are permitted to travel, under restrictions
imposed by a caution card or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cave</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng. Politics)</i> <def>A
coalition or group of seceders from a political party, as from the
Liberal party in England in 1866. See <u>Adullam</u>, <u>Cave of</u>,
in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ca"yo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
yos</b></plw> (#). [Sp.] <def>A small island or ledge of rock in the
water; a key.</def> [Sp. Am.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cein`ture"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
cincture, girdle, or belt; -- chiefly used in English as a dressmaking
term.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*les"tial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or characteristic of, the Chinese, or Celestial, Empire, of the
Chinese people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*les"tial</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Chinaman; a
Chinese.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Cel"ti*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A supposed new element of the rare-earth group, accompanying
lutecium and scandium in the gadolinite earths. Symbol, <i>Ct</i> (no
period).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ment" steel</hw>. <def>Steel produced by cementation;
blister steel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen`tau*rom"a*chy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;; &?;
centaur + &?; battle.] <i>(Ancient Art)</i> <def>A fight in which
centaurs take part, -- a common theme for relief sculpture, as in the
Parthenon metopes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Centennial State</hw>. <def>Colorado; -- a nickname alluding to
the fact that it was admitted to the Union in the centennial year,
1876.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cen"ter</hw>, or <hw>Cen"tre</hw>, <hw>seal</hw>  }. <i>(Gas
Manuf.)</i> <def>A compound hydraulic valve for regulating the passage
of the gas through a set of purifiers so as to cut out each one in
turn for the renewal of the lime.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Center</hw>, or <hw>Centre</hw>, <hw>punch</hw>  }.
<i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A punch for making
indentations or dots in a piece of work, as for suspension between
lathe centers, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A punch for
punching holes in sheet metal, having a small conical center to insure
correct locating.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen*trif"u*gal fil"ter</hw>. <def>A filter, as for sugar, in
which a cylinder with a porous or foraminous periphery is rapidly
rotated so as to drive off liquid by centrifugal action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cen"tro*sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; centre +
<i>sphere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>The nucleus or
central part of the earth, forming most of its mass; -- disting. from
<i>lithosphere</i>, <i>hydrosphere</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The central mass of an
aster from which the rays extend and within which the centrosome lies
when present; the attraction sphere. The name has been used both as
excluding and including the centrosome, and also to designate a
modified mass of protoplasm about a centrosome whether aster rays are
developed or not.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceorl</hw> (k&ebreve;&ocirc;rl <i>or</i> ch&etilde;rl),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. See <u>Churl</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<i>(O. Eng. Hist.)</i> <def>A freeman of the lowest class; one not a
thane or of the servile classes; a churl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*pa"ceous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>cepa</i>,
<i>caepa</i>, onion.] <def>Of the nature of an onion, as in odor;
alliaceous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph`a*lal"gi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;; &?; head + &?; pain.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Headache.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph`a*lal"gic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cephalalgicus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Relating to, or
affected with, headache.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A remedy
for the headache.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph"a*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; head.]
<i>(Anthropol.)</i> <def>Form or development of the skull; as, the
races of man differ greatly in <i>cephalism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ceph`a*lom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Anthropometry)</i> <def>The measurement of the heads of living
persons.</def> -- <wf>Ceph`a*lo*met"ric</wf>
(#),<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1972 !></p>

<p><hw>Cer"e*vis</hw> (s&ebreve;r"&esl;*v&ibreve;s; <i>G.</i>
ts&ebreve;r`&etilde;*v&emacr;s"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr. L.
<i>cerevisia</i>, <i>cervisia</i>, beer.] <def>A small visorless cap,
worn by members of German student corps. It is made in the corps
colors, and usually bears the insignia of the corps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"ri*a</hw> (s&emacr;"r&ibreve;*&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Cerium oxide, CeO<sub>2</sub>, a white infusible
substance constituting about one per cent of the material of the
common incandescent mantle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce"ro*type`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wax + <i>-
type</i>.] <def>A printing process of engraving on a surface of wax
spread on a steel plate, for electrotyping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ru"le*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>caeruleus</i>
sky-blue.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A fast dyestuff,
C<sub>20</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, made by heating gallein with
strong sulphuric acid. It dyes mordanted fabrics green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce`ru*les"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>caeruleus</i> sky-blue + <i>-escent</i>.] <def>Tending to cerulean;
light bluish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ce*ru"le*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <def>A
greenish blue pigment prepared in various ways, consisting essentially
of cobalt stannate. Unlike other cobalt blues, it does not change
color by gaslight.</def></p>

<p><hw>C. G. T.</hw> <def> An abbreviation for
Conf&eacute;d&eacute;ration G&eacute;n&eacute;rale du Travail (the
French syndicalist labor union).</def></p>

<p><hw>Cha</hw> (ch&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin.
<i>ch&lsquo;a</i>.] [Also <i>chaa</i>, <i>chais</i>, <i>tsia</i>,
etc.] <def>Tea; -- the Chinese (Mandarin) name, used generally in
early works of travel, and now for a kind of rolled tea used in
Central Asia.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A pot with hot water . . . made with the powder of a
certain herb called <i>chaa</i>, which is much esteemed.</blockquote>
<i>Tr. J. Van Linschoten's Voyages (1598).</i></p>

<p><hw>Cha"gres fe"ver</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A form of malarial
fever occurring along the Chagres River, Panama.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chain tie</hw>. <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A tie consisting of a
series of connected iron bars or rods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chal`a*zog"a*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Chalaza</i>
+ <i>-gamy</i>, as in <i>polygamy</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A process
of fecundation in which the pollen tube penetrates to the embryosac
through the tissue of the chalaza, instead of entering through the
micropyle. It was originally discovered by Treub in <i>Casuarina</i>,
and has since been found to occur regularly in the families
<i>Betulace&aelig;</i> and <i>Juglandace&aelig;</i>. Partial
chalazogamy is found in <i>Ulmus</i>, the tube here penetrating the
nucleus midway between the chalaza and micropyle.</def> --
<wf>Chal`a*zo*gam"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Cham`bran"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An ornamental bordering or framelike decoration
around the sides and top of a door, window, or fireplace. The top
piece is called the <b>traverse</b> and the side pieces the
<b>ascendants</b>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cham"bray</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Cambrai</i>,
France. Cf. <u>Cambric</u>.] <def>A gingham woven in plain colors with
linen finish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cha`mi*sal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Amer. Sp., fr.
Sp. <i>chamiza</i> a kind of wild cane.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A California rosaceous shrub (<i>Adenostoma
fasciculatum</i>) which often forms an impenetrable
chaparral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A chaparral formed by dense growths of
this shrub.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Champ`le*v&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p. p.
of <i>champlever</i> to engrave. See 3d <u>Champ</u>, <u>Camp</u>,
<u>Lever</u> a bar.] <i>(Art)</i> <def>Having the ground engraved or
cut out in the parts to be enameled; inlaid in depressions made in the
ground; -- said of a kind of enamel work in which depressions made in
the surface are filled with enamel pastes, which are afterward fired;
also, designating the process  of making such enamel work.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A piece of champlev&eacute; enamel; also,
the process or art of making such enamel work; champlev&eacute;
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Change gear</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A gear by means of which
the speed of machinery or of a vehicle may be changed while that of
the propelling engine or motor remains constant; -- called also
<i><col><b>change-speed gear</b></col></i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Change key</hw>. <def>A key adapted to open only one of a set
of locks; -- distinguished from a <i>master key</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chan`son" de geste"</hw> (?). [F., prop., song of history.]
<def>Any Old French epic poem having for its subject events or
exploits of early French history, real or legendary, and written
originally in assonant verse of ten or twelve syllables. The most
famous one is the <i>Chanson de Roland</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Langtoft had written in the ordinary measure of the
later <i>chansons de geste</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chant"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>chanter</i>
to sing, and <u>Chant</u>. <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A sailor's
song.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>May we lift a deep-sea <i>chantey</i> such as seamen
use at sea?</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Cha`pa*ra"jos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Mex. Sp.]
<def>Overalls of sheepskin or leather, usually open at the back, worn,
esp. by cowboys, to protect the legs from thorny bushes, as in the
chaparral; -- called also <i>chapareras</i> or colloq.
<i>chaps</i>.</def> [Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cha`pa*re"ras</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Mex. Sp.]
<def>Same as <u>Chaparajos</u>.</def> [Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>Chaps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Short for
<u>Chaparajos</u>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Char"lie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A familiar nickname or substitute for <i>Charles</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A night watchman; -- an old
name.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A short, pointed beard, like that worn by
Charles I.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>As a proper name, a fox; -- so called in
fables and familiar literature.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chasse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Chasse-
caf&Eacute;</u>] <def>A small potion of spirituous liquor taken to
remove the taste of coffee, tobacco, or the like; -- originally
<i>chasse-caf&eacute;</i>, lit., "coffee chaser."</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chasse`-ca`f&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>chasser</i> to chase + <i>caf&eacute;</i> coffee.] <def>See
<u>Chasse</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chasse`-ma`r&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. <i>chasser</i> to chase + <i>mar&eacute;e</i> tide.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A French coasting lugger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chas"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The under part of
an automobile, consisting of the frame (on which the body is mounted)
with the wheels and machinery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chat"ter mark`</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>One of the fine undulations or ripples which are formed on the
surface of work by a cutting tool which chatters.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A short crack on a rock
surface planed smooth by a glacier.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chauf`feur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., lit.,
stoker.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  [<i>pl.</i>] <i>(F. Hist.)</i>
<def>Brigands in bands, who, about 1793, pillaged, burned, and killed
in parts of France; -- so called because they used to burn the feet of
their victims to extort money.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One who manages the running of an
automobile; esp., the paid operator of a motor vehicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chauf`feuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fem. of
<i>chauffeur</i>.] <def>A woman chauffeur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chau*tau"qua sys"tem (of education)</hw> (?). <def>The system
of home study established in connection with the summer schools
assembled at Chautauqua, N. Y., by the Methodist Episcopal bishop, J.
H. Vincent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cheese" cloth`</hw> (?). <def>A thin, loosewoven cotton cloth,
such as is used in pressing cheese curds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Che"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>ch&emacr;la</i>, orig., slave, fr. Skr. <i>c&emacr;&tsdot;a</i>,
<i>c&emacr;&tsdot;aka</i>, slave, servant.] <def>In India, a dependent
person occupying a position between that of a servant or slave and a
disciple; hence, a disciple or novice.</def> -- <wf>Che"la*ship</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Che*mig"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Chemical</i>
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>Any mechanical engraving process depending
upon chemical action; specif., a process of zinc etching not employing
photography.</def> -- <wf>Chem`i*graph"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Che*mo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
swelling of the cornea resembling a cockleshell, fr. &?; a gaping,
hence a cockleshell.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammatory swelling of the
conjunctival tissue surrounding the cornea.</def> --
<wf>Che*mot"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Chem`os*mo"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Chem</i>ical
+ <i>osmosis</i>.] <def>Chemical action taking place through an
intervening membrane.</def> -- <wf>Chem`os*mot"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Chem`o*syn"the*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Chem</i>ical + <i>synthesis</i>.] <i>(Plant Physiol.)</i>
<def>Synthesis of organic compounds by energy derived from chemical
changes or reactions. <i>Chemosynthesis</i> of carbohydrates occurs in
the nitrite bacteria through the oxidation of ammonia to nitrous acid,
and in the nitrate bacteria through the conversion of nitrous into
nitric acid.</def> -- <wf>Chem`o*syn*thet"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p>{<hw>Chem`o*tax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Formerly also
<hw>Chem`i*o*tax"is</hw>}. [<i>Chem</i>ical + Gr. &?; arrangement, fr.
&?; to arrange.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The sensitiveness exhibited by
small free-swimming organisms, as bacteria, zo&ouml;spores of
alg&aelig;, etc., to chemical substances held in solution. They may be
attracted (<i>positive chemotaxis</i>) or repelled (<i>negative
chemotaxis</i>).</def> -- <wf>Chem`o*tac"tic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Chem`o*tac"tic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Chev"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>chivy</i>, and <i>chivvy</i>.] [Prob. fr. the ballad of <i>Chevy
Chase</i>; cf. Prov. E. <i>chevychase</i> a noise, confusion,
pursuit.] [Eng.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A cry used in
hunting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A hunt; chase; pursuit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>The game of prisoners' base. See
<u>Base</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 24.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. Cf. <u>Chic</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Original and in good taste or form.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Chi`ca*lo"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., prob. of
Mex. origin.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A Mexican prickly poppy (<i>Argemone
platyceras</i>), which has migrated into California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*cane"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Card playing)</i>
<def>In bridge, the holding of a hand without trumps, or the hand
itself. It counts as simple honors.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Chic"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Chicle gum</hw>}.
[Amer. Sp. <i>chicle</i>.] <def>A gumlike substance obtained from the
bully tree (<i>Mimusops globosa</i>) and sometimes also from the
naseberry or sapodilla (<i>Sapota zapotilla</i>). It is more plastic
than caoutchouc and more elastic than gutta-percha, as an adulterant
of which it is used in England. It is used largely in the United
States in making chewing gum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Var. of <u>Chica</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The common greasewood of the western
United States (<i>Sarcobatus vermiculatus</i>).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>In the Philippines, the  sapodilla or its
fruit; also, the marmalade tree or its fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chif`fon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., lit., rag. See
<u>Chiffonier</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>Any merely ornamental
adjunct of a woman's dress, as a bunch of ribbon, lace, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of soft gauzy material used for
ruches, trimmings, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chih" fu`</hw> (?). [Chin. <i>chih fu</i>, lit., (He who)
knows (the) prefecture.] <def>An official administering a prefecture
of China; a prefect, supervising the civil business of the hsiens or
districts comprised in his fu (which see).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chih" hsien`</hw> (?). [Chin. <i>chih hsien</i>, lit., (He
who) knows (the) district.] <def>An official having charge of a hsien,
or administrative district, in China; a district magistrate,
responsible for good order in his hsien (which see), and having
jurisdiction in its civil and criminal cases.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chih" tai`</hw> (?). [Chin. <i>chih</i> to govern +
<i>t&lsquo;ai</i> an honorary title.] <def>A Chinese governor general;
a tsung tu (which see).</def></p>

<p><hw>Child study</hw>. <def>A scientific study of children,
undertaken for the purpose of discovering the laws of development of
the body and the mind from birth to manhood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chil"e*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Chile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chil"e*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A native or resident
of Chile; Chilian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chilean pine</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Same as <u>Monkey-
puzzle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chinese Exclusion Act</hw>. <def>Any of several acts forbidding
the immigration of Chinese laborers into the United States, originally
from 1882 to 1892 by act of May 6, 1882, then from 1892 to 1902 by act
May 5, 1892. By act of April 29, 1902, all existing legislation on the
subject was re&euml;nacted and continued, and made applicable to the
insular possessions of the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Chi`noi`se*rie"</hw> (sh&emacr;`nw&adot;`z'*r&emacr;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Chinese conduct, art, decoration, or
the like; also, a specimen of Chinese manners, art, decoration,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chi*nook" State</hw>. <def>Washington -- a nickname. See
<u>Chinook</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Chip"pen*dale</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating
furniture designed, or like that designed, by Thomas Chippendale, an
English cabinetmaker of the 18th century. Chippendale furniture was
generally of simple but graceful outline with delicately carved rococo
ornamentation, sculptured either in the solid wood or, in the cheaper
specimens, separately and glued on. In the more elaborate pieces three
types are recognized: <col><b>French Chippendale</b></col>, having
much detail, like Louis Quatorze and Louis Quinze; <col><b>Chinese
Chippendale</b></col>, marked by latticework and pagodalike pediments;
and <col><b>Gothic Chippendale</b></col>, attempting to adapt medieval
details. The forms, as of the cabriole and chairbacks, often resemble
Queen Anne. In chairs, the seat is widened at the front, and the back
toward the top widened and bent backward, except in Chinese
Chippendale, in which the backs are usually rectangular.</def> --
<wf>Chip"pen*dal*ism</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>It must be clearly and unmistakably understood, then,
that, whenever painted (that is to say, decorated with painted
enrichment) or inlaid furniture is described as <i>Chippendale</i>, no
matter where or by whom, it is a million chances to one that the
description is incorrect.</blockquote>  <i>R. D. Benn.</i></p>

<p><hw>Chirm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS. <i>cirm</i>,
<i>cyrm</i>.] <def>Noise; din; esp.; confused noise, clamor, or hum of
many voices, notes of birds, or the like.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chit</hw>, <hw>Chit"ty</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Hind. <i>chi&tsdot;&tsdot;&imacr;</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A
short letter or note; a written message or memorandum; a certificate
given to a servant; a pass, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A signed voucher or memorandum of a small
debt, as for food and drinks at a club.</def> [India, China, etc.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Chi*var"ras</hw> (?),  <hw>||Chi*var"ros</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Mex. Sp.] <def>Leggings.</def> [Mex. &
Southwestern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Chlo"ro*plast</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>chloro-
</i> + Gr. &?; to mold, form.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A plastid
containing chlorophyll, developed only in cells exposed to the light.
Chloroplasts are minute flattened granules, usually occurring in great
numbers in the cytoplasm near the cell wall, and consist of a
colorless ground substance saturated with chlorophyll pigments. Under
light of varying intensity they exhibit phototactic movements. In
animals chloroplasts occur only in certain low forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Choke"bore`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a shotgun, a bore which is tapered to a slightly smaller
diameter at a short distance (usually 2&frac12; to 3 inches) to the
rear of the muzzle, in order to prevent the rapid dispersion of the
shot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A shotgun that is made with such a
bore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Choke"bore`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chokebored</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Chokeboring</u>.] <def>To provide with a chokebore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Choking coil</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A coil of small
resistance and large inductance, used in an alternating-current
circuit to impede or throttle the current, or to change its phase; --
called also <i>reactance coil</i> or <i>reactor</i>, these terms being
now preferred in engineering usage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cho"ky</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Hind. <i>chauki</i>
watching, guard.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A station, as for
collection of customs, for palanquin bearers, police, etc.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Specif., a prison or lockup; a jail.</def>
[India, or Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cho`mage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>chomage</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>Stoppage; cessation (of labor).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A standing still or idle (of mills,
factories, etc.).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Chop su"ey</hw> or <hw>soo"y</hw>  } (?). [Chin. (Cantonese)
<i>shap sui</i> odds and ends, fr. <i>shap</i> for <i>sap</i> to enter
the mouth + <i>sui</i> small bits pounded fine.] <def>A m&eacute;lange
served in Chinese restaurants to be eaten with rice, noodles, etc. It
consists typically of bean sprouts, onions, mushrooms, etc., and
sliced meats, fried and flavored with sesame oil.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Chor"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Chortled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Chor"tling</u> (&?;).] <def>A word coined by Lewis
Carroll (Charles L. Dodgson), and usually explained as a combination
of <i>chuckle</i> and <i>snort</i>.</def> [Humorous]</p>

<p><blockquote>O frabjous day ! Callooh ! Callay !<BR>
He <i>chortled</i> in his joy.</blockquote>  <i>Lewis Carroll.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Chou</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Choux</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. L. <i>caulis</i> stalk.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cabbage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of light pastry, usually in the
form of a small round cake, and with a filling, as of jelly or
cream.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A bunch, knot, or rosette of ribbon or
other material, used as an ornament in women's dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin <i>chou</i>.] <def>A
prefecture or district of the second rank in China, or the chief city
of such a district; -- often part of the name of a city, as in
<i>Foochow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chris"tian</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Christian
Endeavor, Young People's Society of</b></col>. <cd>In various
Protestant churches, a society of young people organized in each
individual church to do Christian work; also, the whole body of such
organizations, which are united in a corporation called the United
Society of Christian Endeavor, organized in 1885. The parent society
was founded in 1881 at Portland, Maine, by Rev. Francis E. Clark, a
Congregational minister.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Christian Era</hw>. <def>The era in use in all Christian
countries, which was intended to commence with the birth of Christ.
The era as now established was first used by Dionysius Exiguus (died
about 540), who placed the birth of Christ on the 25th of December in
the year of Rome 754, which year he counted as 1 <u>a. d.</u> This
date for Christ's birth is now generally thought to be about four
years too late.</def></p>

<p><hw>Christian Science</hw>. <def>A system of healing disease of
mind and body which teaches that all cause and effect is mental, and
that sin, sickness, and death will be destroyed by a full
understanding of the Divine Principle of Jesus' teaching and healing.
The system was founded by Rev. Mary Baker Glover Eddy, of Concord, N.
H., in 1866, and bases its teaching on the Scriptures as understood by
its adherents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Christian Scientist</hw>. <def>A believer in Christian Science;
one who practices its teachings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Christian Seneca</hw>. <def>Joseph Hall (1574 -- 1656), Bishop
of Norwich, a divine eminent as a moralist.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1973 !></p>

<p><hw>Christian Socialism</hw>. <def>Any theory or system that aims
to combine the teachings of Christ with the teachings of socialism in
their applications to life; Christianized socialism; esp., the
principles of this nature advocated by F. D. Maurice, Charles
Kingsley, and others in England about 1850.</def> -- <wf>Christian
socialist</wf>.</p>

<p><hw>Chro"ma*tin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The deeply staining substance of the nucleus and chromosomes of
cells, now supposed to be the physical basis of inheritance, and
generally regarded as the same substance as the hypothetical idioplasm
or germ plasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrome</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Chromed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Chroming</u>.] [From <u>Chrome</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
treat with a solution of potassium bichromate, as in dyeing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chrome steel</hw>. <def>Same as <i>Chromium steel</i>, under
<u>Steel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chro`mo*pho"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
color + <i>photograph</i>.] <def>A picture made by any of the
processes for reproducing photographs in colors.</def> --
<wf>Chro`mo*pho`to*graph"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Chron`o*pho"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
time + <i>photograph</i>.] <def>One of a set of photographs of a
moving object, taken for the purpose of recording and exhibiting
successive phases of the motion.</def> --
<wf>Chron`o*pho*tog"ra*phy</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Chtho"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; in or under
the earth, fr. &?;, &?;, earth.] <def>Designating, or pertaining to,
gods or spirits of the underworld; esp., relating to the underworld
gods of the Greeks, whose worship is widely considered as more
primitive in form than that of the Olympian gods. The characteristics
of chthonian worship are propitiatory and magical rites and
generalized or euphemistic names of the deities, which are supposed to
have been primarily ghosts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Chum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>New chum</b></col>,
<cd>a recent immigrant.</cd> [Australia]</p>

<p><hw>Chu*pat"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
ties</b></plw> (#). [Hind. <i>chap&amacr;t&imacr;</i>.] <def>A kind of
griddlecake of unleavened bread, used among the natives of
India.</def> [Anglo-Indian]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Chu*pras"sy</hw> <hw>Chu*pras"sie</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>chapr&amacr;ss&imacr;</i>, fr.
<i>chapr&amacr;s</i> badge.] <def>A messenger or servant wearing an
official badge.</def> [Anglo-Indian]</p>

<p><hw>Churr</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Chirr</u>.] <def>A
vibrant or whirring noise such as that made by some insects, as the
cockchafer, or by some birds, as the nightjar, the partridge,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Churr</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Churred</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Churr"ing</u>.] <def>To make a churr, as a cockchafer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>That's the <i>churring</i> of the
nightjar.</blockquote>  <i>Hall Caine.</i></p>

<p><hw>Churr</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To utter by
churring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cinch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Cinched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Cinch"ing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To put a cinch upon; to
girth tightly.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To get a sure hold upon; to get into a
tight place, as for forcing submission.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cinch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To perform the action
of cinching; to tighten the cinch; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def>
[Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cinch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <i>cinch</i> a girth, a
tight grip, as v., to get a sure hold upon; perh. so named from the
tactics used in the game; also cf. Sp. <i>cinco</i> five (the five
spots of the color of the trump being important cards).] <def>A
variety of auction pitch in which a draw to improve the hand is added,
and the five of trumps (called <i>right pedro</i>) and the five of the
same color (called <i>left pedro</i>, and ranking between the five and
the four of trumps) each count five on the score. Fifty-one points
make a game. Called also <i>double pedro</i> and <i>high
five</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cinch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>In the game of cinch,
to protect (a trick) by playing a higher trump than the
five.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin*cin"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
ni</b></plw> (#).  [Also <i>cicinus</i>, <i>cicinnus</i>.] [L., a curl
of hair.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A form of monochasium in which the
lateral branches arise alternately on opposite sides of the false
axis; -- called also <i>scorpioid cyme</i>.</def> --
<wf>Cin*cin"nal</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cin`e*mat"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
motion + <i>-graph</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A machine, combining
magic lantern and kinetoscope features, for projecting on a screen a
series of pictures, moved rapidly (25 to 50 a second) and
intermittently before an objective lens, and producing by persistence
of vision the illusion of continuous motion; a moving-picture machine;
also, any of several other machines or devices producing moving
pictorial effects. Other common names for the cinematograph are
<i>animatograph</i>, <i>biograph</i>, <i>bioscope</i>,
<i>electrograph</i>, <i>electroscope</i>, <i>kinematograph</i>,
<i>kinetoscope</i>, <i>veriscope</i>, <i>vitagraph</i>,
<i>vitascope</i>, <i>zo&ouml;gyroscope</i>, <i>zo&ouml;praxiscope</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>cinematograph</i>, invented by Edison in 1894,
is the result of the introduction of the flexible film into
photography in place of glass.</blockquote>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A camera for taking chronophotographs for
exhibition by the instrument described above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin`e*ma*tog"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One
who exhibits moving pictures or who takes chronophotographs by the
cinematograph.</def> -- <wf>Cin`e*mat`o*graph"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Cin`e*mat`o*graph"ic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ci*ne"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; motion +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>An integrating anemometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cin`que*cen"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An Italian of the sixteenth century, esp. a
poet or artist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A student or imitator of the art or
literature of the Cinquecento.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cit"range</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Citr</i>us +
or<i>ange</i>.] <def>A citrous fruit produced by a cross between the
sweet orange and the trifoliate orange (<i>Citrus trifoliata</i>). It
is more acid and has a more pronounced aroma than the orange; the tree
is hardier. There are several varieties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Civil Service Commission</hw>. <def>In the United States, a
commission appointed by the President, consisting of three members,
not more than two of whom may be adherents of the same party, which
has the control, through examinations, of appointments and promotions
in the classified civil service. It was created by act of Jan, 16,
1883 (22 Stat. 403).</def></p>

<p><hw>Civil Service Reform</hw>. <def>The substitution of business
principles and methods for political methods in the conduct of the
civil service. esp. the merit system instead of the spoils system in
making appointments to office.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clair*au"di*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>clair</i> clear + F. &amp; E. <i>audience</i> a hearing. See
<u>Clear</u>.] <def>Act of hearing, or the ability to hear, sounds not
normally audible; -- usually claimed as a special faculty of
spiritualistic mediums, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clair*au"di*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or characterized by, clairaudience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clair*au"di*ent</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One alleged to
have the power of clairaudience.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Claire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A small
inclosed pond used for gathering and greening oysters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clan"-na-Gael"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir., clan of the
Gaels.] <def>A secret society of Irish Fenians founded in Philadelphia
in 1881.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clash gear</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A change-speed gear in
which the gears are changed by sliding endwise.</def></p>

<p><hw>Class day</hw>. <def>In American colleges and universities, a
day of the commencement season on which the senior class celebrates
the completion of its course by exercises conducted by the members,
such as the reading of the class histories and poem, the delivery of
the class oration, the planting of the class ivy, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Scot. <i>clatch</i>
a slap, the noise caused by the collision of soft bodies; prob. of
imitative origin.] <i>(Scot. &amp; Dial. Eng.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A soft or sloppy lump or mass; as, to throw a <i>clatch</i> of
mud.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Anything put together or made in a
careless or slipshod way; hence, a sluttish or slipshod
woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clatch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To daub or
smear, as with lime; to make or finish in a slipshod way.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Clear"cole`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>claire
colle</i> clear glue; <i>clair</i> clear (f. <i>claire</i>) +
<i>colle</i> glue, Gr. &?;] <def>A priming of size mixed with whiting
or white lead, used in house painting, etc.; also, a size upon which
gold leaf is applied in gilding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clear"cole`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Clearcoled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Clearcoling</u> (?).] <def>To coat or paint with
clearcole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cleek</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
large hook or crook, as for a pot over a fire; specif., an iron-headed
golf club with a straight, narrow face and a long shaft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Act of cleeking; a clutch.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Cleek</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>pret.</i></pos>
<u>Claught</u> (?); <pos><i>pret. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cleeked</u>
(?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cleeking</u>.] [ME.
<i>cleken</i>, <i>clechen</i>, to seize, clutch; perh. akin to E.
<i>clutch</i>.] [Scot &amp; Dial. Eng.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To seize;
clutch; snatch; catch; pluck.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To catch or draw out with a cleek, as a
fish; to hook.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>To hook or link (together); hence, to
marry.</def>  <i>Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cle`o*pa"tra's nee"dle</hw> (?). [So named after
<i>Cleopatra</i>, queen of Egypt.] <def>Either of two obelisks which
were moved in ancient times from Heliopolis to Alexandria, one of
which is now on the Thames Embankment in London, and the other in
Central Park, in the City of New York.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Some writers consider that only the obelisk now in Central
Park is properly called <i>Cleopatra's needle</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Cli*mac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a climax; forming, or of the nature of, a climax, or
ascending series.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A fourth kind of parallelism . . . is still
sufficiently marked to be noticed by the side of those described by
Lowth, viz., <i>climactic</i> parallelism (sometimes called "ascending
rhythm").</blockquote>  <i>S. R. Driver.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clink</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A prison cell; a
lockup; -- probably orig. the name of the noted prison in Southwark,
England.</def> [Colloq.] "I'm here in the <i>clink</i>."
<i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cli"no*stat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to incline
+ &?; to make to stand.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An apparatus consisting of
a slowly revolving disk, usually regulated by  clockwork, by means of
wich the action of external agents, as light and gravity, on growing
plants may be regulated or eliminated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A part, attachment, or appendage, for seizing,
clasping, or holding, an object, as a cable, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Angling)</i> <def>A gaff or hook for
landing the fish, as in salmon fishing.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A rapid gait.</def> "A three-minute
<i>clip</i>."  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cloche</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop., bell.]
<i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>An apparatus used in controlling
certain kinds of a&euml;roplanes, and consisting principally of a
steering column mounted with a universal joint at the base, which is
bellshaped and has attached to it the cables for controlling the wing-
warping devices, elevator planes, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clock"wise`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; adv.</i></pos> <def>Like the
motion of the hands of a clock; -- said of that direction of a
rotation about an axis, or about a point in a plane, which is
ordinarily reckoned negative.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Clo"nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
violent, confused motion.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A series of muscular
contractions due to sudden stretching of the muscle, -- a sign of
certain neuropathies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cloot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. dial.
<i>kleuzen</i> to split.] <i>(Scot. &amp; Dial. Eng.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of the divisions of a cleft hoof, as in
the ox; also, the whole hoof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The Devil; Clootie; -- usually in the
<i>pl.</i></def>  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cloot"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Scot. &amp; Dial.
Eng.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A little hoof.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The Devil.</def> "Satan, Nick, or
<i>Clootie</i>."  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Clydes"dale</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a breed
of heavy draft horses originally from Clydesdale, Scotland. They are
about sixteen hands high and usually brown or bay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Clydesdale terrier</hw>. <def>One of a breed of small silky-
haired terriers related to, but smaller than, the Skye terrier, having
smaller and perfectly erect ears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cly"tie knot</hw> (?). <def>In hair dressing, a loose, low coil
at the back of the head, like the knot on the head of the bust of
Clytie by G. F. Watts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coach"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A coachman.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A coach horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>One who coaches;</def> specif.
<i>(Baseball)</i>, <def>one of the side at the bat posted near first
or third base to direct a base runner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coal"sack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Coal</i> + 2d
<i>sack</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Any one of the spaces in the Milky
Way which are very black, owing to the nearly complete absence of
stars; esp., the large space near the Southern Cross sometimes called
the <i>Black Magellanic Cloud</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coast and Geodetic Survey</hw>. <def>A bureau of the United
States government charged with the topographic and hydrographic survey
of the coast and the execution of belts of primary triangulation and
lines of precise leveling in the interior. It now belongs to the
Department of Commerce and Labor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ca"in*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A morbid condition produced by the habitual and excessive use of
cocaine.</def> -- <wf>Co*ca"in*ist</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Co*ca"in*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat or
an&aelig;sthetize with cocaine.</def> -- <wf>Co*ca`in*i*za"tion</wf>
(#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cock"er span"iel</hw>. <def>One of a breed of small or medium-
sized spaniels kept for hunting or retrieving game or for household
pets. They usually weigh from eighteen to twenty-eight pounds. They
have the head of fair length, with square muzzle, the ears long and
set low, the legs short or of medium length, and the coat fine and
silky, wavy but not curly. Various colors are bred, as black, liver,
red, black and white, black and tan, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cock"pit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In some
a&euml;roplanes and flying machines, an inclosure for the pilot or a
passenger.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cock`y*ol"ly</hw>, or <hw>Cock`y*ol"y, bird</hw>  } (?). [Cf.
<u>Cock</u>, fowl; <u>Yellow</u>.] <def>A pet name for any small
bird.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`e*lec"tron</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Electron</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*gon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., prob. fr. a native
name.] <def>A tall, coarse grass (<i>Imperata arundinacea</i>) of the
Philippine Islands and adjacent countries, used for
thatching.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*her"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Any device in which an imperfectly conducting contact between
pieces of metal or other conductors loosely resting against each other
is materially improved in conductivity by the influence of Hertzian
waves; -- so called by Sir O. J. Lodge in 1894 on the assumption that
the impact of the electic waves caused the loosely connected parts to
cohere, or weld together, a condition easily destroyed by tapping. A
common form of coherer as used in wireless telegraphy consists of a
tube containing filings (usually a pinch of nickel and silver filings
in equal parts) between terminal wires or plugs (called
<col><b>conductor plugs</b></col>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Co*hune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <hw>Cohune
palm</hw>  }. [Prob. fr. a native name in Honduras.] <def>A Central
and South American pinnate-leaved palm (<i>Attalea cohune</i>), the
very large and hard nuts of which are turned to make fancy articles,
and also yield an oil used as a substitute for coconut oil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Coif`feur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
hairdresser.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coign</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A var. spelling of
<u>Coin</u>, <u>Quoin</u>, a corner, wedge; -- chiefly used in the
phrase <i>coign of vantage</i>, a position advantageous for action or
observation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>From some shielded nook or <i>coign</i> of
vantage.</blockquote>  <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The lithosphere would be depressed on four faces; . . .
the four projecting <i>coigns</i> would stand up as
continents.</blockquote>  <i>Nature.</i></p>

<p><hw>Co`in*sur"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Co-</i> +
<i>insurance</i>.] <def>Insurance jointly with another or others;
specif., that system of fire insurance in which the insurer is treated
as insuring himself to the extent of that part of the risk not covered
by his policy, so that any loss is apportioned between him and the
insurance company on the principle of average, as in marine insurance
or between other insurers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co"la</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <def>L. <i>pl.</i> of
<u>Colon</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. a native
name.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A genus of
sterculiaceous trees, natives of tropical Africa, esp. Guinea, but now
naturalized in tropical America, esp. in the West Indies and
Brazil.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Same as <u>Cola nut</u>,
below.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cola nut</hw>, <hw>Cola seed</hw>  }. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
bitter fruit of <i>Cola acuminata</i>, which is nearly as large as a
chestnut, and furnishes a stimulant, which is used in
medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cold"-short`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Prob.  fr. Sw.
<i>kallsk&ouml;r</i>; <i>kall</i> cold + <i>sk&ouml;r</i> brittle.
<i>Oxf. E. D.</i>] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>Brittle when cold (that is,
below a red heat).</def> -- <wf>Cold"-short`ness</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cold" wave"</hw>. <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>In the terminology of
the United States Weather Bureau, an unusual fall in temperature, to
or below the freezing point, exceeding 16&deg; in twenty-four hours or
20&deg; in thirty-six hours, independent of the diurnal
range.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Col`lar*et"</hw> (?),  <hw>||Col`la*rette"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>collerette</i>, dim. of <i>collier</i>.
See <u>Collar</u>.] <def>A small collar; specif., a woman's collar of
lace, fur, or other fancy material.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`lec*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Quality or state of being
collective.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The collective sum. aggregate, or mass of
anything; specif., the people as a body; the state.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The proposition to give work by the <i>collectivity</i>
is supposed to be in contravention of the sacred principle of
monopolistic competition.</blockquote>  <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i>
<def>Collectivism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col*leen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>cailin</i>.]
<def>A girl; a maiden.</def> [Anglo-Irish]</p>

<p><blockquote>Of all the <i>colleens</i> in the land<BR>
Sweet Mollie is the daisy.</blockquote>  <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Col"lo*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; glue + <i>-
type</i>.] <def>A photomechanical print made directly from a hardened
film of gelatin or other colloid; also, the process of making such
prints. According to one method, the film is sensitized with potassium
dichromate and exposed to light under a reversed negative. After the
dichromate has been washed out, the film is soaked in glycerin and
water. As this treatment causes swelling in those parts of the film
which have been acted on by light, a plate results from which
impressions can be taken with prepared ink. The albertype, phototype,
and heliotype are collotypes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Col*lu"vi*es</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a collection
of washings, dregs, offscourings, fr. <i>colluere</i> to wash; <i>col-
</i> + <i>luere</i> to wash.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A collection or
gathering, as of pus, or rubbish, or odds and ends.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A medley; offscourings or
rabble.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1974 !></p>

<p><hw>||Col`o*bo"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. fr. Gr. &?;,
the part taken away in mutilation, fr. &?; to mutilate.] <i>(Anat. &
Med.)</i> <def>A defect or malformation; esp., a fissure of the iris
supposed to be a persistent embryonic cleft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*lo"ni*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The state or quality of, or the relationship
involved in, being colonial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The last tie of <i>colonialism</i> which bound us to
the mother country is broken.</blockquote>  <i>Brander
Matthews.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A custom, idea, feature of government, or
the like, characteristic of a colony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>The colonial system or policy in political
government or extension of territory.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col"o*ny</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A cell family or group of common origin, mostly of
unicellular organisms, esp. among the lower alg&aelig;. They may
adhere in chains or groups, or be held together by a gelatinous
envelope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A cluster or
aggregation of zooids of any compound animal, as in the corals,
hydroids, certain tunicates, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A community of social
insects, as ants, bees, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Col`o*ra"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Sp., red.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>Reddish; -- often used in proper names of
rivers or creeks.</def> [Southwestern U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Medium in color and strength; -- said of
cigars.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Col`or*im"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Colorimeter</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>The quantitative
determination of the depth of color of a substance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A method of quantitative chemical analysis
based upon the comparison of the depth of color of a solution with
that of a standard liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Colt pistol</hw>. <i>(Firearms)</i> <def>A self-loading or
semi-automatic pistol with removable magazine in the handle holding
seven cartridges. The recoil extracts and ejects the empty cartridge
case, and reloads ready for another shot. Called also <i>Browning,
&and; Colt-Browning</i>, <i>pistol</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Colt revolver</hw>. <i>(Firearms)</i> <def>A revolver made
according to a system using a patented revolving cylinder, holding six
cartridges, patented by Samuel Colt, an American inventor, in 1835.
With various modifications, it has for many years been the standard
for the United States army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*lum"bus Day</hw> (?). <def>The 12th day of October, on which
day in 1492 Christopher Columbus discovered America, landing on one of
the Bahama Islands (probably the one now commonly called Watling
Island), and naming it "San Salvador"; -- called also <i>Discovery
Day</i>. This day is made a legal holiday in many States of The United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*bus"tion cham`ber</hw>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A space over, or in front of , a boiler furnace where the gases
from the fire become more thoroughly mixed and burnt.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The clearance space in the cylinder of an
internal combustion engine where the charge is compressed and
ignited.</def></p>

<p><hw>Come"-a*long`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gripping
device, as for stretching wire, etc., consisting of two jaws so
attached to a ring that they are closed by pulling on the
ring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*meth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. dial. pron. of
<i>come hither</i>, used in calling cows, etc.] [Dial. or Colloq.,
Brit.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>Matter; affair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Friendly communication or
association.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To put</b></col> <col><b>the, or one's</b></col>,
<col><b>comether on</b></col>, <cd>to exercise persuasion upon; to get
under one's influence; to beguile; to wheedle.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>How does ut come about, sorr, that whin a man has
<i>put the comether on</i> wan woman he's sure bound to put ut on
another?</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Co`mi*ti"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A body
of followers; -- applied to the lawless or brigand bands in Italy and
Sicily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`man*deer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Commandeered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Commandeering</u>.] [D. <i>kommandeeren</i> to
command, in South Africa to commandeer, fr. F. <i>commander</i> to
command. See <u>Command</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>To compel to perform military service; to seize for military
purposes; -- orig. used of the Boers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To take arbitrary or forcible possession
of.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Com*man"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. See
<u>Command</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>In South Africa, a
military body or command; also, sometimes, an expedition or raid; as,
a <i>commando</i> of a hundred Boers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The war bands, called <i>commandos</i>, have played a
great part in the . . . military history of the country.</blockquote>
<i>James Bryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Com"merce de*stroy"er</hw>. <i>(Nav.)</i> <def>A very fast,
unarmored, lightly armed vessel designed to capture or destroy
merchant vessels of an enemy. Not being intended to fight, they may be
improvised from fast passenger steamers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*min"gler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
commingles; specif., a device for noiseless heating of water by steam,
in a vessel filled with a porous mass, as of pebbles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*mis`sion*aire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>commissionnaire</i>. Cf. <u>Commissioner</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One intrusted with a commission, now only a small commission, as
an errand; esp., an attendant or subordinate employee in a public
office, hotel, or the like.</def> The <i>commissionaire</i> familiar
to European travelers performs miscellaneous services as a light
porter, messenger, solicitor for hotels, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One of a corps of pensioned soldiers, as
in London, employed as doorkeepers, messengers, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com`mu*ta"tion tick"et</hw>. <def>A ticket for transportation
at a reduced rate in consideration of some special circumstance, as
increase of travel; specif., a ticket for a certain number of, or for
daily, trips between neighboring places at a reduced rate, such as are
commonly used by those doing business in a city and living in a
suburb. Commutation tickets are excepted from the prohibition against
special rates contained in the Interstate Commerce Act of Feb. 4, 1887
(<i>24 Stat. 379</i>), and in 145 U. S. 263 it was held that <i>party
tickets</i> were also excepted as being "obviously within the
commuting principle."</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"po</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
pos</b></plw> (#). <def>Short for <u>Composition</u>; -- used, esp. in
England, colloq. in various trade applications;</def> as :
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mortar made of sand and cement.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A carver's mixture of resin, whiting, and
glue, used  instead of plaster of Paris for ornamenting walls and
cornices.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A composition for billiard
balls.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A preparation of which printer's
rollers are made.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A preparation used in
currying leather.</def> <sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>Composition paid by a
debtor.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Com"pos men"tis</hw> (?). [L.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Sane in
mind; being of sound mind, memory, and understanding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"pos-men"tis</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
compos mentis.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Com`po`tier"</hw> (k&ocirc;N`p&osl;`ty&amacr;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>Compotiers</b></plw> (<i>F.</i>
ty&amacr;"). [F.] <def>A dish for holding compotes, fruit,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com"pound con*trol"</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A
system of control in which a separate manipulation, as of a rudder,
may be effected by either of two movements, in different directions,
of a single lever, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pressed" yeast</hw>. <def>A cake yeast made by filtering
the cells from the liquid in which they are grown, subjecting to heavy
pressure, and mixing with starch or flour.</def></p>

<p><hw>Com*pres"sion pro*jec"tile</hw>. <def>A projectile constructed
so as to take the grooves of a rifle by means of a soft copper band
firmly attached near its base or, formerly, by means of an envelope of
soft metal. In small arms the modern projectile, having a soft core
and harder jacket, is subjected to compression throughout the entire
cylindrical part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Comp"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>compter</i>
to count + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>A machine for adding numbers and
making a printed record of the sum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Comp*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Count</u>; <u>-meter</u>.] <def>A calculating machine; an
arithmometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"cen*tra`tor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Firearms)</i>
<def>A frame or ring of wire or hard paper fitting into the cartridge
case used in some shotguns, and holding the shot together when
discharged, to secure close shooting; also, a device for slightly
narrowing the bore at the muzzle for the same purpose.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Concert of Europe</hw>, <i>or</i> <hw>European concert</hw>}.
<def>An agreement or understanding between the chief European powers
to take only joint action in the (European) Eastern
Question.</def></p>

<p><hw>Concert of the powers</hw>. <def>An agreement or understanding
between the chief European powers, the United States, and Japan in
1900 to take only joint action in the Chinese aspect of the Eastern
Question.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con*ces`sion*aire"</hw> (?),  <hw>||Con`ces`sion`naire"</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>concessionnaire</i>.] <def>The
beneficiary of a concession or grant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*ces"sion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to a concession.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A concessionaire.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con`cier`ge*rie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The office or lodge of a concierge or
janitor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A celebrated prison, attached to the
Palais de Justice in Paris.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"cord bug"gy</hw> (k&obreve;&nsl;"k&etilde;rd). [From
<i>Concord</i>, New Hampshire, where first made.] <def>A kind of buggy
having a body with low sides, and side springs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"dor</hw> (k&obreve;n"d&obreve;r; <i>in defs.</i> 2 &amp; 3,
k&osl;n"d&osl;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The California vulture.</def> [Local, U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A gold coin of Chile, bearing the figure
of a condor, and equal to twenty pesos. It contains 10.98356 grams of
gold, and is equivalent to about $7.29. Called also
<i>colon</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A gold coin of Colombia equivalent to
about $9.65. It is no longer coined.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*duct"ance</hw> (k&obreve;n*d&ubreve;k"t<i>a</i>ns),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Conduct</i>, v. + <i>-ance</i>.]
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Conducting power; -- the reciprocal of
<i>resistance</i>. A suggested unit is the <i>mho</i>, the reciprocal
of the ohm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Conductance</i> is an attribute of any specified
conductor, and refers to its shape, length, and other factors.
Conductivity is an attribute of any specified material without direct
reference to its shape or other factors.</blockquote>  <i>Sloane's
Elec. Dict.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"duit sys"tem</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A system of electric
traction, esp. for light railways, in which the actuating current
passes along a wire or rail laid in an underground conduit, from which
the current is "picked up" by a plow or other device fixed to the car
or electric locomotive.  Hence <hw>Conduit railway</hw>.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Cone clutch</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A friction clutch with
conical bearing surfaces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cone"flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any plant of
the genus <i>Rudbeckia</i>; -- so called from the cone-shaped disk of
the flower head. Also, any plant of the related genera <i>Ratibida</i>
and <i>Brauneria</i>, the latter usually known as <i>purple
coneflower</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cone"-nose`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large hemipterous
insect of the family <i>Reduviid&aelig;</i>, often found in houses,
esp. in the southern and western United States. It bites severely, and
is one of the species called <i>kissing bugs</i>. It is also called
<i>big bedbug</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con`es*to"ga wag`on</hw> or <hw>wain</hw> (?) }. [From
<i>Conestoga</i>, Pennsylvania.] <def>A kind of large broad-wheeled
wagon, usually covered, for traveling in soft soil and on
prairies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fec"tion*ers' sug`ar</hw>. <def>A highly refined sugar in
impalpable powder, esp. suited to confectioners' uses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*fed"er*a*cy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Amer. Hist.)</i>
<def>With <i>the</i>, the Confederate States of America.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Con*fet"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing.
<singw><b>-fetto</b></singw> (&?;). [It. Cf. <u>Comfit</u>.]
<def>Bonbons; sweetmeats; confections; also, plaster or paper
imitations of, or substitutes for, bonbons, often used by carnival
revelers, at weddings, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"for*ma`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a framer.]
<def>An apparatus for taking the conformation of anything, as of the
head for fitting a hat, or, in craniometry, finding the largest
horizontal area of the head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"go group</hw>. [From <u>Congo red</u>.] <def>A group of
artificial dyes with an affinity for vegetable fibers, so that no
mordant is required. Most of them are azo compounds derived from
benzidine or tolidine. Called also <col><b>benzidine
dyes</b></col>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Congo red</hw>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An artificial red dye from
which the Congo group received its name. It is also widely used either
in aqueous solution or as test paper (<col><b>Congo paper</b></col>)
for the detection of free acid, which turns it blue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"greve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After Sir William
<i>Congreve</i>, the inventor.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Short for
<col><b>Cogreve rocket</b></col>, a powerful form of rocket formerly
used in war, either in the field or for bombardment. In the former
case it was armed with shell, shrapnel, or other missiles; in the
latter, with an inextinguishable explosive material, inclosed in a
metallic case. It was guided by a long wooden stick.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Short for <col><b>Congreve
match</b></col>, an early friction match, containing sulphur,
potassium chlorate, and antimony sulphide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"qui*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<def>A game for two, played with 40 cards, in which each player tries
to form three or four of a kind or sequences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*sol"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A consolidated
annuity (see <u>Consols</u>); -- chiefly in combination or
attributively.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Con`so*la"tion game</hw>, <hw>match</hw>, <hw>pot</hw>,
<hw>race</hw>, etc. } <def>A game, match, etc., open only to losers in
early stages of contests.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"stant</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A number whose value, when ascertained (as by
observation) and substituted in a general mathematical formula
expressing an astronomical law, completely determines that law and
enables predictions to be made of its effect in particular
cases.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A number expressing some
property or condition of a substance or of an instrument of precision;
as, the dielectric <i>constant</i> of quartz; the collimation
<i>constant</i> of a transit instrument.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Aberration constant</b></col>, <i>or</i>  <col><b>Constant
of aberration</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>, <cd>a number which by
substitution in the general formula for aberration enables a
prediction to be made of the effect of aberration on a star anywhere
situated. Its value is 20&Prime;.47.</cd> -- <col><b>Constant of
integration</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>an undetermined constant
added to every result of integration.</cd> -- <col><b>Gravitation
constant</b></col> <i>(Physics)</i>, <cd>the acceleration per unit of
time produced by the attraction of a unit of mass at unit distance.
When this is known the acceleration produced at any distance can be
calculated.</cd> -- <col><b>Solar constant</b></col> <i>(Astron.)</i>,
<cd>the quantity of heat received by the earth from the sun in a unit
of time. It is, on the C. G. S. system, 0.0417 small calories per
square centimeter per second.</cd> <i>Young.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*sum"er's goods</hw> (?). <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i>
<def>Economic goods that directly satisfy human wants or desires, such
as food, clothes, pictures, etc.; -- called also <i>consumption
goods</i>, or <i>goods of the first order</i>, and opposed to
<i>producer's goods</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Consumer's surplus</hw>. <i>(Polit. econ.)</i> <def>The excess
that a purchaser would be willing to pay for a commodity over that he
does pay, rather than go without the commodity; -- called also
<col><b>consumer's rent</b></col>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The price which a person pays for a thing can never
exceed, and seldom comes up to, that which he would be willing to pay
rather than go without it. . . . The excess of the price which he
would be willing to pay rather than go without it, over that which he
actually does pay, is the economic measure of this surplus
satisfaction.  It has some analogies to a rent; but is perhaps best
called simply <i>consumer's surplus</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Alfred
Marshall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con*ta"gious dis*ease"</hw>. <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease
communicable by contact with a patient suffering from it, or with some
secretion of, or object touched by, such a patient. Most such diseases
have already been proved to be germ diseases, and their
communicability depends on the transmission of the living germs.  Many
germ diseases are not contagious, some special method of transmission
or inoculation of the germs being required.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Conte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Contes</b></plw> (#). [F.] <def>A short narrative or tale,
esp. one dealing with surprising or marvelous events.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>conte</i> (sic) is a tale something more than a
sketch, it may be, and something less than a short story. . . . The
"Canterbury Tales" are <i>contes</i>, most of them, if not all, and so
are some of the "Tales of a Wayside Inn."</blockquote>  <i>Brander
Matthews.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con`ti*nen"tal drive</hw>. <i>(Automobiles)</i> <def>A
transmission arrangement in which the longitudinal crank shaft drives
the rear wheels through a clutch, change-speed gear, countershaft, and
two parallel side chains, in order.</def></p>

<p><hw>Continental glacier</hw>. <def>A broad ice sheet resting on a
plain or plateau and spreading outward from a central
n&eacute;v&eacute;, or region of accumulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Continental pronunciation</hw> (of Latin and Greek.) <def>A
method of pronouncing Latin and Greek in which the vowels have their
more familiar Continental values, as in German and Italian, the
consonants being pronounced mostly as in English. The stricter form of
this method of pronouncing Latin approaches the Roman, the modified
form the English, pronunciation. The Continental method of Greek
pronunciation is often called <i>Erasmian</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Continental system</hw>. <i>(Hist.)</i> <def>The system of
commercial blockade aiming to exclude England from commerce with the
Continent instituted by the <col><b>Berlin decree</b></col>, which
Napoleon I. issued from Berlin Nov. 21, 1806, declaring the British
Isles to be in a state of blockade, and British subjects, property,
and merchandise subject to capture, and excluding British ships from
all parts of Europe under French dominion. The retaliatory measures of
England were followed by the <col><b>Milan decree</b></col>, issued by
Napoleon from Milan Dec. 17, 1807, imposing further restrictions, and
declaring every ship going to or from a port of England or her
colonies to be lawful prize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tra*bass"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>The lowest stringed instrument of the violin family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"tract sys"tem</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sweating
system.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The system of employing convicts by
selling their labor (to be performed inside the prison) at a fixed
price per day to contractors who are allowed to have agents in the
prison to superintend the work.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1975 !></p>

<p><hw>Con"tract tablet</hw>. <i>(Babylonian &amp; Assyrian Antiq.)</i>
<def>A clay tablet on which was inscribed a contract, for safe
keeping.  Such tablets were inclosed in an outer case (often called
the <i>envelope</i>), on which was inscribed a duplicate of the
inscription on the inclosed tablet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"tra*plex</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Contra-</i> +
<i>-plex</i> as in du<i>plex</i>.] <i>(Teleg.)</i> <def>Pertaining to
the sending of two messages in opposite directions at the same
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*trap"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
contrivance; a new-fangled device; -- used scornfully.</def> [Colloq.
or Dial.] -- <wf>Con*trap"tious</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>We all remember some of the extraordinary
<i>contraptions</i> which have been thus evolved and put upon the
market.</blockquote>  <i>F. M. Ware.</i></p>

<p><hw>Con"tre*danse`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>contredanse</i> (fr. E. <u>Country-dance</u>). ] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A dance in which the partners are arranged
face to face, or in opposite lines.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
quadrille.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Music)</i> <def>A piece of music in the
rhythm of such a dance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con`tri*bu"tion plan</hw>. <i>(Life Insurance)</i> <def>A plan
of distributing surplus by giving to each policy the excess of
premiums and interest earned thereon over the expenses of management,
cost of insurance, and the policy value at the date of computation.
This excess is called the <i>contribution</i> of the policy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*trol"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The complete apparatus used to control a mechanism
or machine in operation, as a flying machine in flight;</def>
specifically <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>, <def>the mechanism controlling
the rudders and ailerons.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Climatology)</i> <def>Any of the physical
factors determining the climate of any particular place, as
latitude,distribution of land and water, altitude, exposure,
prevailing winds, permanent high- or low-barometric-pressure areas,
ocean currents, mountain barriers, soil, and vegetation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con*trol"ler</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Any electric device for controlling a circuit or
system;</def> specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An electromagnet,
excited by the main current, for throwing a regulator magnet into or
out of circuit in an automatic device for constant current
regulation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind of multiple switch
for gradually admitting the current to, or shutting it off from, an
electric motor; as, a car <i>controller</i> for an electric railway
car.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A lever controlling the
speed of an engine; -- applied esp. to the lever governing a throttle
valve, as of a steam or gasoline engine, esp. on an
automobile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Con"voy pen"nant</hw>. <def>A white pennant with red border,
carried : <i>(a)</i> Forward on all vessels on convoy duty. <i>(b)</i>
Alone by a senior officer present during evolutions or drills, when it
commands "Silence."  <i>(c)</i> Over a signal number, when it refers
to the signal number of an officer in the Annual Navy
Register.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Coo"ey</hw>, <hw>Coo"ee</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of
imitative origin.] <def>A peculiar cry uttered by the Australian
aborigines as a call to attract attention, and also in common use
among the Australian colonists. In the actual call the first syllable
is much prolonged (k&oomac;"-) and the second ends in a shrill,
staccato &emacr;. To represent the sound itself the spelling
<i>cooee</i> is generally used.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Within cooey</b></col>, <cd>within earshot.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Coo"ey</hw>, <hw>Coo"ee</hw>  }, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cooeyed</u> or <u>Cooeed</u> (&?;);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cooeying</u> or <u>Cooeeing</u>.]
<def>To call out <i>cooee</i>.</def> [Australia]</p>

<p><blockquote>I <i>cooeyed</i> and beckoned them to
approach.</blockquote>  <i>E. Giles.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coon"can</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Corrupt of
<i>conquian</i>.] <def>A game of cards derived from conquian, played
by two or more players with one or two full packs of cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co"palm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The yellowish,
fragrant balsam yielded by the sweet gum; also, the tree
itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`pen*ha"gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Copenhagen</i>, Denmark.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A sweetened hot
drink of spirit and beaten eggs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A children's game in which one player is
inclosed by a circle of others holding a rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cop"pice</hw> (k&obreve;p"p&ibreve;s), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Coppiced</u> (-p&ibreve;st);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Coppicing</u> (?).]
<i>(Forestry)</i> <def>To cause to grow in the form of a coppice; to
cut back (as young timber) so as to produce shoots from stools or
roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coptic Church</hw>. <def>The native church of Egypt or church
of Alexandria, which in general organization and doctrines resembles
the Roman Catholic Church, except that it holds to the Monophysitic
doctrine which was condemned (<u>a. d.</u> 451) by the council of
Chalcedon, and allows its priests to marry. The "pope and patriarch"
has jurisdiction over the Abyssinian Church. Since the 7th century the
Coptic Church has been so isolated from modifying influences that in
many respects it is the most ancient monument of primitive Christian
rites and ceremonies. But centuries of subjection to Moslem rule have
weakened and degraded it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop., a shell.]
<def>A small loop or bow of ribbon used in making hats, boas,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*quille"</hw> (k&osl;*k&emacr;l"; <i>F.</i>
k&osl;`k&emacr;"y'), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Lit., a
shell;</def> hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A shell or shell-like
dish or mold in which viands are served.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The expansion of the guard of a sword, dagger, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A form of ruching used as a dress trimming or
for neckwear, and named from the manner in which it is gathered or
fulled.</def><BR>
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]</p>

<p><hw>Co"rah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>k&omacr;r&amacr;</i> virgin, plain.] <def>Plain; undyed; -- applied
to Indian silk.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>Corah
silk.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cor"bel*ing</hw>, <hw>Cor"bel*ling</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Corbel work or the construction of corbels;
a series of corbels or piece of continuous corbeled masonry, sometimes
of decorative purpose, as in the stalactite ornament of the
Moslems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cord"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Cord</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A smokeless powder composed
of nitroglycerin, guncotton, and mineral jelly, and used by the
British army and in other services. In making it the ingredients are
mixed into a paste with the addition of acetone and pressed out into
cords  (of various diameters) resembling brown twine, which are dried
and cut to length. A variety containing less nitroglycerin than the
original is known  as <b>cordite M. D.</b></def></p>

<p><hw>C&oacute;r"do*ba</hw> (k&ocirc;r"d&osl;*v&auml;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. the Spanish explorer Francisco
Hern&aacute;ndez de C&oacute;rdoba.] <def>The monetary unit of
Nicaragua, equivalent to the United States gold dollar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cord"y</hw> (k&ocirc;r"d&ybreve;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Cordier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Cordiest</u>.] <def>Of, or like, cord;
having cords or cordlike parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Core</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A mass of
iron, usually made of thin plates, upon which the conductor of an
armature or of a transformer is wound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Core loss</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Energy wasted by hysteresis
or eddy currents in the core of an armature, transformer,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"e*plas`ty</hw> (k&obreve;r"&esl;*pl&abreve;s`t&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ko`rh</grk> pupil + <i>-plasty</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A plastic operation on the pupil, as for forming an
artificial pupil.</def> -- <wf>Cor`e*plas"tic</wf> (-
pl&abreve;s"t&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Co*rin"thi*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A man of fashion
given to pleasuring or sport; a fashionable man about town; esp., a
man of means who drives his own horse, sails his own yacht, or the
like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cork"wood`</hw> (k&ocirc;rk"w&oocr;d`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The wood of the cork oak.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Any one of several trees or shrubs having
light or corky wood;</def> esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In the
United States, the tree <i>Leitneria floridana</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In the West Indies: (1) Either of the cotton
trees <i>Ochroma lagopus</i> and <i>Pariti tiliaceum</i>.</def>  (2)
<def>The tree producing the aligator apple.</def> (3) <def>The
blolly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ner</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Association
Football)</i> <i>[More fully <col><b>corner kick</b></col>.]</i>
<def>A free kick from close to the nearest corner flag post, allowed
to the opposite side when a player has sent the ball behind his own
goal line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"o*na*ry bone</hw>. <def>The small pastern bone of the horse
and allied animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coronary cushion</hw>. <def>A cushionlike band of vascular
tissue at the upper border of the wall of the hoof of the horse and
allied animals. It takes an important part in the secretion of the
horny walls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co*ro"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Corona</u>.] <i>(Chem. &amp; Astron.)</i> <def>The principal gaseous
substance forming the solar corona, characterized by a green line in
the coronal spectrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Corps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ger.] <def>In some
countries of Europe, a form of students' social society binding the
members to strict adherence to certain student customs and its code of
honor; -- Ger. spelling usually <i>korps</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"pus*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>An electron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor`res*pond"ence school</hw>. <def>A school that teaches by
correspondence, the instruction being based on printed instruction
sheets and the recitation papers written by the student in answer to
the questions or requirements of these sheets. In the broadest sense
of the term <i>correspondence school</i> may be used to include any
educational institution or department for instruction by
correspondence, as in a university or other educational bodies, but
the term is commonly applied to various educational institutions
organized on a commercial basis, some of which offer a large variety
of courses in general and technical subjects, conducted by
specialists.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"ri*dor train</hw>. <def>A train whose coaches are connected
so as to have through its entire length a continuous corridor, into
which the compartments open.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Cor*rob"o*ree`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also
<i>corrobboree</i>, <i>corrobori</i>, etc.] [Native name.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A nocturnal festivity with which the
Australian aborigines celebrate tribal events of importance. Symbolic
dances are given by the young men of the tribe, while the women act as
musicians.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A song or chant made for such a
festivity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A festivity or social gathering, esp. one
of a noisy or uproarious character; hence, tumult; uproar.</def>
[Australia]</p>

<p><hw>Cor*rob"o*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Corroboree</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cor"sair</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A Californian market fish (<i>Sebastichthys
rosaceus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cor"tes Ge*ra"es</hw> (?). [Pg.] <def>See <u>Legislature</u>,
<i>Portugal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cos"mos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of composite plants closely related to <i>Bidens</i>, usually
with very showy flowers, some with yellow, others with red, scarlet,
purple, white, or lilac rays. They are natives of the warmer parts of
America, and many species are cultivated. <i>Cosmos bipinnatus</i> and
<i>C. diversifolius</i> are among the best-known species; <i>C.
caudatus</i>, of the West Indies, is widely naturalized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"sack post</hw>. <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An outpost consisting of
four men, forming one of a single line of posts substituted for the
more formal line of sentinels and line of pickets.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cos*sette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>One of
the small chips or slices into which beets are cut in sugar
making.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cos"ton lights</hw> (?). <def>Signals made by burning lights of
different colors and used by vessels at sea, and in the life-saving
service; -- named after their inventor.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co`teau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Coteaux</b></plw> (#). [F., a hill.] [Canada &amp; U. S.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hilly upland including the divide between
two valleys; a divide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The side of a valley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [LL. See <u>Coat</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A surplice, in England and
America usually one shorter and less full than the ordinary surplice
and with short sleeves, or sometimes none.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of very coarse woolen
blanket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cot"ton bat"ting</hw>. <def>Cotton prepared in sheets or rolls
for quilting, upholstering, and similar purposes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cotton seed</hw>, or, <i>usually collectively</i>,
<hw>Cot"ton*seed`</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The seed of
the cotton plant.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cottonseed meal</hw>. <def>A meal made from hulled cotton seeds
after the oil has been expressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cottonseed oil</hw>. <def>A fixed, semidrying oil extracted
from cottonseed. It is pale yellow when pure (sp. gr., .92-.93). and
is extensively used in soap making, in cookery, and as an adulterant
of other oils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cotton State</hw>. <def>Alabama; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cou`leur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Color; -- chiefly used in a few French
phrases, as <i>couler de rose</i>, color of rose; and hence,
adjectively, rose-colored; roseate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A suit of cards, as hearts or clubs; --
used in some French games.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cou*lisse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A fluting in a sword blade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The outside stock exchange, or "curb
market," of Paris.</def> [French Use]</p>

<p><hw>Cou`lomb" me"ter</hw> (?). <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Any instrument
by which electricity can be measured in coulombs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cou`lomb's" law</hw> (?). <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The law that
the force exerted between two electric or magnetic charges is directly
proportional to the product of the charges and inversely to the square
of the distance between them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cou*lure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop., a
dropping.] <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A disease affecting grapes, esp. in
California, manifested by the premature dropping of the
fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cou"ma*rou</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Coumarin</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The tree (<i>Dipteryx
odorata</i>) which bears the tonka bean; also, the bean
itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Over the
counter</b></col> <i>(Stock Exchanges)</i>, <cd>in an office; -- said
of business so done, as distinguished from that done at an
exchange.</cd> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*glow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>An exceedingly faint roundish or somewhat oblong nebulous light
near the ecliptic and opposite the sun, best seen during September and
October, when in the constellations Sagittarius and Pisces. Its cause
is not yet understood. Called also <i>Gegenschein</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"ter*lath`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Building)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A batten laid lengthwise between two rafters
to afford a bearing for laths laid crosswise.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any lath laid without actual measurement
between two gauged laths.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Any of a
series of laths nailed to the timbers to raise the sheet lathing above
their surface to afford a key for plastering.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>One of many laths used in preparing one side
of a partition or framed wall, when the other side has been covered in
and finished.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"try bank</hw>. <i>(Banking)</i> <def>A national bank not
in a reserve city.</def> [Colloq., U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Coun"try club</hw>. <def>A club usually located in the suburbs
or vicinity of a city or town and devoted mainly to outdoor
sports.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coun"try cousin</hw>. <def>A relative from the country visiting
the city and unfamiliar with city manners and sights.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Coup</hw> (k&oomac;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A single roll of the wheel at roulette, or a deal at rouge et
noir.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Among some tribes of North American
Indians, the  act of striking or touching an enemy in warfare with the
hand or at close quarters, as with a short stick, in such a manner as
by custom to entitle the doer to count the deed an act of bravery;
hence, any of various other deeds recognized by custom as acts of
bravery or honor.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While the <i>coup</i> was primarily, and usually, a
blow with something held in the hand, other acts in warfare which
involved great danger to him who performed them were also reckoned
<i>coups</i> by some tribes.</blockquote>  <i>G. B. Grinnell.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Among the Blackfeet the capture of a shield, bow, gun,
war bonnet, war shirt, or medicine pipe was deemed a
<i>coup</i>.</blockquote>  <i>G. B. Grinnell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coup</hw>. <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
coup.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Woe to the Sioux if the Northern Cheyennes get a chance
to <i>coup</i> !</blockquote>  <i>F. Remington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Coup"stick`</hw> (k&oomac;"st&ibreve;k`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Coup</i> + <i>stick</i>.] <def>A stick or switch used among some
American Indians in making or counting a coup.</def></p>

<p><hw>Court</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Court of
claims</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>a court for settling claims against
a state or government; specif., a court of the United States, created
by act of Congress, and holding its sessions at Washington. It is
given jurisdiction over claims on contracts against the government,
and sometimes may advise the government as to its
liabilities.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Cou`veuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An incubator for sickly infants, esp. those prematurely
born.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"er*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The aggregate of
risks covered by the terms of a contract of insurance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"er crop</hw>. <def>A catch crop planted, esp. in orchards.
as a protection to the soil in winter, as well as for the benefit of
the soil when plowed under in spring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"er*side`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A region of
country having covers; a hunting country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cov"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cove or series of coves, as the concaved
surface under the overhang of a projecting upper story.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The splayed jambs of a flaring
fireplace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Co`walk"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A phantasmic or
"astral" body deemed to be separable from the physical body and
capable of acting independently; a doppelg&auml;nger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cow"pea`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
leguminous plant (<i>Vigna Sinensis</i>, syn. <i>V. Catjang</i>) found
throughout the tropics of the Old World. It is extensively cultivated
in the Southern United States for fodder, and the seed is used as food
for man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Coyote State</hw>. <def>South Dakota; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Co`yo*til"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mex. Sp. dim.
See <u>Coyote</u>.] <def>A low rhamnaceous shrub (<i>Karwinskia
humboldtiana</i>) of the southwestern United States and Mexico. Its
berries are said to be poisonous to the coyote.</def></p>

<p><hw>C Q D</hw>. <def>In radiotelegraphy, the letters signified by
the code call formerly used (cf. S O S) by ships in distress, formed
by combining the code call C Q (formerly used as a general call for
all stations) with D for distress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crack"a*jack`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An individual of marked ability or excellence, esp. in some
sport; as, he is a <i>crackajack</i> at tennis.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A preparation of popped corn, candied and
pressed into small cakes.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Crack"a*jack`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of marked ability
or excellence.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Cracker State</hw>. <def>Georgia; -- a nickname. See
<u>Cracker</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> 5.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Crack"-loo`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Crack"a*loo`</hw>  }. <def>A kind of gambling game consisting in
pitching coins to or towards the ceiling of a room so that they shall
fall as near as possible to a certain crack in the floor.</def>
[Gamblers' Cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cra"dle*land`</hw> (kr&amacr;"d'l*l&abreve;nd`),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Land or region where one was cradled; hence,
land of origin.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1976 !></p>

<p><hw>Cramp</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A paralysis
of certain muscles due to excessive use; as, writer's <i>cramp</i>;
milker's <i>cramp</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cram"pet</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the plates of
iron, with attached spikes, forming a pair of crampoons</def>; hence
<i>(Curling)</i>, <def>an iron plate for a player to stand on when
delivering the stones.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cran"dall</hw> (kr&abreve;n"d<i>a</i>l), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Prob. from <i>Crandall</i>, a proper name.] <i>(Stonecutting)</i>
<def>A kind of hammer having a head formed of a group of pointed steel
bars, used for dressing ashlar, etc.</def> -- <pos><i>v. t. </i></pos>
<def>To dress with a crandall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crane</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any
arm which swings about a vertical axis at one end, used for supporting
a suspended weight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The American blue
heron (<i>Ardea herodias</i>).</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Crap</hw> (kr&abreve;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In the game
of craps, a first throw of the dice in which the total is two, three,
or twelve, in which case the caster loses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cra*paud"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>crapawd</i>, <i>crapald</i>, <i>crepaud</i>, etc.] [F.
<i>crapaud</i>.]
 <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A toad.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  (<i>Pronounced</i> kr&adot;`p&omacr;") <def>As
a proper name, <i>Johnny Crapaud</i>, or <i>Crapaud</i>, a nickname
for a Frenchman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crap shooting</hw>. <def>Same as <u>Craps</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crawl stroke</hw>. <i>(Swimming)</i> <def>A racing stroke, in
which the swimmer, lying flat on the water with face submerged, takes
alternate overhand arm strokes while moving his legs up and down
alternately from the knee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Craze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ceramics)</i> <def>A crack
in the glaze or enamel such as is caused by exposure of the pottery to
great or irregular heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Craz"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> of
<u>Craze</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos> Hence: <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Fine cracks resulting from shrinkage on the surface of glazed
pottery, concrete, or other material. The admired crackle in some
Oriental potteries and porcelains is crazing produced in a foreseen
and regulated way. In common pottery it is often the result of
exposure to undue heat, and the beginning of disintegration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crease</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Lacrosse)</i>
<def>The combination of four lines forming a rectangle inclosing
either goal, or the inclosed space itself, within which no attacking
player is allowed unless the ball is there; -- called also <i>goal
crease</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Creep"ing Char"lie</hw>. <def>The stonecrop (<i>Sedum
acre</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cr&ecirc;me</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Cream; -
- a term used esp. in cookery, names of liqueurs, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Creole State</hw>. <def>Louisiana; -- a nickname. See
<u>Creole</u>, <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Cre"o*sote bush</hw>. <def>A shrub (<i>Covillea mexicana</i>)
found in desert regions from Colorado to California and southward
through Mexico. It has yellow flowers and very resinous foliage with a
strong odor of creosote.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cr&ecirc;pe</hw> (kr&acirc;p; <i>Eng.</i> kr&amacr;p),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Any of various crapelike fabrics,
whether crinkled or not.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Cr&ecirc;pe de Chine</b></col> <pos><i>(&?;)</i></pos> [F.
<i>de Chine</i> of China], <cd>Canton crape or an inferior gauzy
fabric resembling it.</cd> -- <col><b>C. lisse</b></col>
<pos><i>(l&emacr;s)</i></pos> [F. <i>lisse</i> smooth], <cd>smooth, or
unwrinkled, crape.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cre*ta"ceous</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Cre*tac"ic</hw> (&?;). <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, the period of time following the Jurassic and preceding
the Eocene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crimp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Firearms)</i> <def>In
cartridge making, to fold the edge of (a cartridge case) inward so as
to close the mouth partly and confine the charge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crip"ple</hw>, [Local. U. S.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Swampy
or low wet ground, often covered with brush or with thickets;
bog.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The flats or <i>cripple</i> land lying between high-
and low-water lines, and over which the waters of the stream
ordinarily come and go.</blockquote>  <i>Pennsylvania Law
Reports.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A rocky shallow in a stream; -- a
lumberman's term.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crof"ton sys"tem</hw> (?). [After Sir Walter <i>Crofton</i>,
Irish penologist.] <i>(Penology)</i> <def>A system of prison
discipline employing for consecutive periods cellular confinement,
associated imprisonment under the mark system, restraint intermediate
between imprisonment and freedom, and liberation on ticket of
leave.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crookes space</hw> (kr&oocr;ks). [After Sir William
<i>Crookes</i>, English chemist, who first described it.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>The dark space within the negative-pole glow at
the cathode of a vacuum tube, observed only when the pressure is low
enough to give a striated discharge; -- called also <i>Crookes
layer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crook"neck`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Either of two
varieties of squash, distinguished by their tapering, recurved necks.
The <i>summer crookneck</i> is botanically a variety of the pumpkin
(<i>Cucurbita pepo</i>) and matures early in the season. It is pale
yellow in color, with warty excrescences. The <i>winter crookneck</i>
belongs to a distinct species (<i>C. moschata</i>) and is smooth and
often striped.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cro`quante"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
brittle cake or other crisp pastry.</def></p>

<p>
<hw>Cross</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> -- <col><b>To cross a
check</b></col> <i>(Eng. Banking)</i>, to draw two parallel transverse
lines across the face of a check, with or without adding between them
the words "and company", with or without the words "not negotiable",
or to draw the transverse lines simply, with or without the words "not
negotiable" (the check in any of these cases being <i>crossed
generally</i>). Also, to write or print across the face of a check the
name of a banker, with or without the words "not negotiable" (the
check being then <i>crossed specially</i>). A check crossed generally
is payable only when presented through a bank; one crossed specially,
only when presented through the bank mentioned.</p>

<p><hw>Cross"-but`tock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Wrestling)</i>
<def>A throw in which the wrestler turns his left side to his
opponent, places his left leg across both legs of his opponent, and
pulls him forward over his hip; hence, an unexpected defeat or
repulse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crosse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., <i>crosier</i>,
hooked stick.] <def>The implement with which the ball is thrown and
caught in the game of lacrosse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cross"-fer"ti*lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Cross-fertilized</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Cross-fertilizing</u> (?).]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>To fertilize, as the stigmas of a flower or plant,
with the pollen from another individual of the  same
species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crotch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>In
the three-ball carom game, a small space at each corner of the table.
See <u>Crotched</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crotch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Crotched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Crotch"ing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To provide with a crotch;
to give the form of a crotch to; as, to <i>crotch</i> the ends of
ropes in splicing or tying knots.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Logging)</i> <def>To notch (a log) on
opposite sides to provide a grip for the dogs in hauling.</def>
[Western, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Crotch chain</hw>. <i>(Logging)</i> <def>A form of tackle for
loading a log sideways on a sled, skidway, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crotched</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Billiards)</i>
<def>Lying within a crotch; -- said of the object balls in the three-
ball carom game whenever the centers of both lie within a 4&frac12;-
inch square at a corner of the table, in which case but three counts
are allowed unless one or both balls be forced out of the
crotch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crown colony</hw>. <def>A colony of the British Empire not
having an elective magistracy or a parliament, but governed by a chief
magistrate (called Governor) appointed by the Crown, with executive
councilors nominated by him and not elected by the people.</def></p>

<p><hw>Crown"land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>kronland</i>.] <def>In Austria-Hungary, one of the provinces, or
largest administrative divisions of the monarchy; as, the
<i>crownland</i> of Lower Austria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Croy"don</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Croydon</i>,
England.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of carriage like a gig,
orig. of wicker-work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of cotton sheeting; also, a
calico.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cru"ci*ble steel</hw>. <def>Cast steel made by fusing in
crucibles crude or scrap steel, wrought iron, and other ingredients
and fluxes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cruise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Forestry)</i>
<def>To inspect forest land for the purpose of estimating the quantity
of lumber it will yield.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cruise</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cruise over or about.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Forestry)</i> <def>To explore with
reference to capacity for the production of lumber; as, to
<i>cruise</i> a section of land.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cruis"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Specif.: <i>(Nav.)</i>
<def>A man-of-war less heavily armed and armored than a battle ship,
having great speed, and generally of from two thousand to twelve
thousand tons displacement.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Crux an*sa"ta</hw> (?). [L., cross with a handle.] <def>A
cross in the shape of the ankh.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cry*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; cold,
frost + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A thermometer for the
measurement of low temperatures, esp. such an instrument containing
alcohol or some other liquid of a lower freezing point than
mercury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"bism</hw> (k&umacr;"b&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Painting)</i> <def>A movement or phase in post-impressionism
(which see, below).</def> -- <wf>Cu"bist</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Cu*cul"lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Cuculli</b></plw> (#). [L., a hood.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A hood-shaped organ, resembling a cowl or monk's
hood, as certain concave and arched sepals or petals.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A color marking or
structure on the head somewhat resembling a hood.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cues"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>A sloping
plain, esp. one with the upper end at the crest of a cliff; a hill or
ridge with one face steep and the opposite face gently sloping.</def>
[Southwestern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Cui` bo"no</hw> (?). [L.] <def>Lit., for whose benefit;
incorrectly understood, it came to be used in the sense, of what good
or use; and hence, (what) purpose; object; specif., the ultimate
object of life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cui`ras*sier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>In modern armies, a soldier of the heaviest cavalry, wearing a
cuirass only when in full dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Cuir" bou`illi"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>In decorative art, boiled
leather, fitted by the process to receive impressed patterns, like
those produced by chasing metal, and to retain the impression
permanently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"lex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., a gnat.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A genus of mosquitoes to which most of the
North American species belong. Some members of this genus are
exceedingly annoying, as <i>C. sollicitans</i>, which breeds in
enormous numbers in the salt marshes of the Atlantic coast, and <i>C.
pipiens</i>, breeding very widely in the fresh waters of North
America. (For characters distinguishing these from the malaria
mosquitoes, see <u>Anopheles</u>, above.) The yellow-fever mosquito is
now placed in another genus, <i>Stegomyia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"li*cid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>culex</i>, <i>-
icis</i>, gnat.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
Mosquito family (<i>Culicid&aelig;</i>).</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A culicid insect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cultch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Young or seed oysters together with the shells and other objects
to which they are usually attached.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Rubbish; d&eacute;bris; refuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The cultivation of bacteria or
other organisms in artificial media or under artificial
conditions.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The collection of organisms
resulting from such a cultivation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The word is used adjectively with the above senses in many
phrases, such as: <i>culture medium</i>, any one of the various
mixtures of gelatin, meat extracts, etc., in which organisms
cultivated; <i>culture flask</i>, <i>culture oven</i>, <i>culture
tube</i>, <i>gelatin culture</i>, <i>plate culture</i>, etc.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Cartography)</i> <def>Those details of a
map, collectively, which do not represent natural features of the area
delineated, as names and the symbols for towns, roads, houses,
bridges, meridians, and parallels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Culture features</hw>. <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>The artificial
features of a district as distinguished from the natural.</def></p>

<p><hw>Culture myth</hw>. <def>A myth accounting for the discovery of
arts and sciences or the advent of a higher civilization, as in the
Prometheus myth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cul"tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Cultus cod</u>.]
<def>Bad, worth less; no good.</def> [Northwestern U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"A bad horse, <i>cultus</i> [no good] !" he said,
beating it with his whip.</blockquote>  <i>F. H. Balch.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Cul"ver's phys"ic</hw> (?), <i>or</i> <hw>Cul"ver's
root`</hw> (?) }. [So called after a Dr. <i>Culver</i>, who used it.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The root of a handsome erect herb (<i>Leptandra,
syn. Veronica, Virginica</i>) common in most moist woods of North
America , used as an active cathartic and emetic; also, the plant
itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cum"mer*bund`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>kummerbund</i>, <i>cummerband</i>, etc.] [Hind. <i>kamarband</i>,
fr. Per. <i>Kamar</i> loins + <i>band</i> fastening.] <def>A sash for
the waist; a girdle.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Cum"quat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>See
<u>Kumquat</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cup"py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Hollow; cuplike; also, full of cups, or small
depressions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Characterized by cup shakes; -- said of
timber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cup shake</hw>. <i>(Forestry)</i> <def>A shake or fissure
between the annual rings of a tree, found oftenest near the
roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu*rette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Curetted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Curetting</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To scrape with a
curette.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to the papal curia; as, the <i>curial</i> etiquette of the
Vatican.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A member of a curia, esp.
of that of Rome or the later Italian sovereignties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cus"cus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The same word as
<u>Couscous</u>, fr. F. <i>couscous</i> couscous, Ar. <i>kuskus</i>.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A soft grass (<i>Pennisetum typhoideum</i>) found
in all tropical regions, used as food for men and cattle in Central
Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cuscus oil</hw>. <def>Same as <u>Vetiver oil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cushion tire</hw>. <def>A thick solid-rubber tire, as for a
bicycle, with a hollow groove running lengthwise on the
inside.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cuss"ed*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Cussed</i>
(for <i>cursed</i>) + <i>-ness</i>.] <def>Disposition to willful
wrongdoing; malignity; perversity; cantankerousness; obstinacy.</def>
[Slang or Colloq., U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>In her opinion it was all pure
"<i>cussedness</i>."</blockquote>  <i>Mrs. Humphry Ward.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Disputatiousness and perversity (what the Americans
call "<i>cussedness</i>").</blockquote>  <i>James Bryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Cut</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Cricket)</i> <def>To deflect (a bowled ball) to the off, with a
chopping movement of the bat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Billiards, etc.)</i> <def>To drive (an
object ball) to either side by hitting it fine on the other side with
the cue ball or another object ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Lawn Tennis, etc.)</i> <def>To strike (a
ball) with the  racket inclined or struck across the ball so as to put
a certain spin on the ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <i>(Croqu&?;t)</i> <def>To drive (a ball) to
one side by hitting with another ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cut</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> -- <col><b>To cut
out</b></col>, <cd>to separate from the midst of a number; as, <i>to
cut out</i> a steer from a herd; <i>to cut out</i> a car from a
train.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Cut</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Lawn
Tennis, etc.)</i> <def>A slanting stroke causing the ball to spin and
bound irregularly; also, the spin so given to the ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A stroke on the off side
between point and the wicket; also, one who plays this
stroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cu"tin</hw> (k&umacr;"t&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>cutis</i> skin, outside.] <i>(PLant Physiol.)</i> <def>A waxy
substance which, combined with cellulose, forms a substance nearly
impervious to water and constituting the cuticle in plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"cle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Thermodynamics)</i> <def>A series of operations in which heat is
imparted to (or taken away from) a working substance which by its
expansion gives up a part of its internal energy in the form of
mechanical work (or being compressed increases its internal energy)
and is again brought back to its original state.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A complete positive and
negative wave of an alternating current; one period. The number of
cycles (per second) is a measure of the frequency of an alternating
current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"clone</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>In general, a condition of the atmosphere
characterized by a central area of pressure much lower than that of
surrounding areas, and a system of winds blowing inward and around
(clockwise in the southern hemisphere and counter-clockwise in the
northern); -- called also a <i>low-area storm</i>. It is attended by
high temperature, moist air, abundant precipitation, and clouded sky.
The term includes the hurricane, typhoon, and tropical storms; it
should not be applied to the moderate disturbances attending ordinary
areas of low pressure nor to tornadoes, waterspouts, or "twisters," in
which the vertical motion is more important than the
horizontal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A tornado. See above, and
<u>Tornado</u>.</def> [Middle U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Cyclone cellar</hw> or <hw>pit</hw>  }. <def>A cellar or
excavation used for refuge from a cyclone, or tornado.</def> [Middle
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Cy*clo"no*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Cyclone</i>
+ <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An apparatus to assist in locating the center
of a cyclone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Cyma</i> + <i>-
graph</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument for making tracings
of the outline or contour of profiles, moldings, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Var. of <u>Kymograph</u>.</def> --
<wf>Cy`mo*graph"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Cy"mo*graph</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To trace or copy
with a cymograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wave <i>-
meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for exhibiting and measuring wave
motion</def>; specif. <i>(Elec.)</i>, <def>an instrument for
determining the frequency of electic wave oscillations, esp. in
connection with wireless telegraphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Cy"mo*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; wave + <i>-
scope</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Any device for detecting the presence
of electric waves. The influence of electric waves on the resistance
of a particular kind of electric circuit, on the magnetization of
steel, on the polarization of an electrolytic cell, or on the electric
condition of a vacuum has been applied in the various
cymoscopes.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1977 !></p>

<p><point26>D.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Da*hoon"</hw> (d&adot;*h&oomac;n"), [Origin unknown.] <def>An
evergreen shrub or small tree (<i>Ilex cassine</i>) of the southern
United States, bearing red drupes and having soft, white, close-
grained wood; -- called also <i><col><b>dahoon
holly</b></col></i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Da"&iuml;*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>daire</i> circuit department, fr. Ar. <i>da&iuml;rah</i> circle.]
<def>Any of several valuable estates of the Egyptian khedive or his
family. The most important are the <col><b>Da"i*ra Sa"ni*eh</b></col>
(&?;), or <col><b>Sa"ni*yeh</b></col>, and the <col><b>Da"i*ra
Khas"sa</b></col>, administered by the khedive's European bondholders,
and known collectively as <col><b>the Daira</b></col>, or the
<col><b>Daira estates</b></col>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dalles</hw> (d&abreve;lz), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.
<i>dalle</i> a tube, gutter, trough.] <def>A rapid, esp. one where the
channel is narrowed between rock walls.</def> [Northwestern U. S. &
Canada]</p>

<p><blockquote>The place below, where the compressed river wound like
a silver thread among the flat black rocks, was the far-famed
<i>Dalles</i> of the Columbia.</blockquote>  <i>F. H. Balch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Da*ma"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The name is supposed
to be from Hottentot <i>dama</i> vanquished.] <def>A native of
Damaraland, German Southwest Africa. The Damaras include an important
and warlike Bantu tribe, and the <col><b>Hill Damaras</b></col>, who
are Hottentots and mixed breeds hostile to the Bantus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da*mas"cus steel</hw>. <def>See <i>Damask steel</i>, under
<u>Damask</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dan"die Din"mont</hw> (?), or <hw>Dan"die</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>In Scott's "Guy
Mannering", a Border farmer of eccentric but fine character, who owns
two terriers claimed to be the progenitors of the Dandie Dinmont
terriers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One of a breed of terriers with short
legs, long body, and rough coat, originating in the country about the
English and Scotch border.</def></p>

<p><hw>Da`ri*ole"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A crustade.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A shell or cup of pastry filled with
custard, whipped cream, crushed macaroons, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dash`een"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tropical aroid
(of the genus <i>Caladium</i>, syn. <i>Colocasia</i>) having an edible
farinaceous root. It is related to the taro and to the tanier, but is
much superior to it in quality and is as easily cooked as the potato.
It is a staple food plant of the tropics, being prepared like
potatoes, and has been introduced into the Southern United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Date line</hw>. <def>The hypothetical line on the surface of
the earth fixed by international or general agreement as a boundary on
one side of which the same day shall have a different name and date in
the calendar from its name and date on the other side.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Speaking generally, the date line coincides with the
meridian 180&deg; from Greenwich. It deflects between north latitudes
80&deg; and 45&deg;, so that all Asia lies to the west, all North
America, including the Aleutian Islands, to the east of the line; and
between south latitudes 12&deg; and 56&deg;, so that Chatham Island
and the Tonga group lie to the west of it. A vessel crossing this line
to the westward sets the date forward by one day, as from Sunday to
Monday. A vessel crossing the line to the eastward sets the date back
by one day, as from Monday to Sunday. Hawaii has the same day name as
San Francisco; Manila, the same day name as Australia, and this is one
day later than the day of Hawaii. Thus when it is Monday May 1st at
San Francisco it is Tuesday may 2d at Manila.</p>

<p><hw>Dea"con</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>With humorous
reference to hypocritical posing: To pack (fruit or vegetables) with
the finest specimens on top; to alter slyly the boundaries of (land);
to adulterate or doctor (an article to be sold), etc.</def> [Colloq.,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dead</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Carrying no current, or producing no useful
effect; -- said of a conductor in a dynamo or motor, also of a
telegraph wire which has no instrument attached and, therefore, is not
in use.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Out of play; regarded as out of the game;
-- said of a ball, a piece, or a player under certain conditions in
cricket, baseball, checkers, and some other games.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[In golf], a ball is said to lie <i>dead</i> when it
lies so near the hole that the player is certain to hole it in the
next stroke.</blockquote>  <i>Encyc. of Sport.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dead"en</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To render impervious
to sound, as a wall or floor; to deafen.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ba"cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sudden breaking
up or breaking loose; a violent dispersion or disruption; impetuous
rush; outburst.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ben"ture</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any of various
instruments issued, esp. by corporations, as evidences of debt. Such
instruments (often called <col><b>debenture bonds</b></col>) are
generally, through not necessarily, under seal, and are usually
secured by a mortgage or other charge upon property; they may be
registered or unregistered. A debenture secured by a mortgage on
specific property is called a <col><b>mortgage debenture</b></col>;
one secured by a floating charge (which see), a <col><b>floating
debenture</b></col>; one not secured by any charge <col><b>a naked
debenture</b></col>. In general the term <i>debenture</i> in British
usage designates any security issued by companies other than their
shares, including, therefore, what are in the United States commonly
called <i>bonds</i>. When used in the United States <i>debenture</i>
generally designates an instrument secured by a floating charge junior
to other charges secured by fixed mortgages, or, specif., one of a
series of securities secured by a group of securities held in trust
for the benefit of the debenture holders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Debenture stock</hw>. <i>(Finance)</i> <def>The debt or series
of debts, collectively, represented by a series of debentures; a debt
secured by a trust deed of property for the benefit of the holders of
shares in the debt or of a series of debentures. By the terms of much
debenture stock the holders are not entitled to demand payment until
the winding up of the company or default in payment; in the winding up
of the company or default in payment; in the case of railway
debentures, they cannot demand payment of the principal, and the
debtor company cannot redeem the stock, except by authority of an act
of Parliament.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>De*bouch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Geog.)</i>
<def>To issue; -- said of a stream passing from a gorge out into an
open valley or a plain.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ca"dent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that is
decadent, or deteriorating; esp., one characterized by, or exhibiting,
the qualities of those who are degenerating to a lower type; --
specif. applied to a certain school of modern French
writers.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>decadents</i> and &aelig;sthetes, and certain
types of realists.</blockquote>  <i>C. L. Dana.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The business men of a great State allow their State to
be represented in Congress by "<i>decadents</i>".</blockquote>  <i>The
Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*cath"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Deca-</u>;
<u>Pentathlon</u>.] <def>In the modern Olympic Games, a composite
contest consisting of a 100-meter run, a broad jump, putting the shot,
a running high-jump, a 400-meter run, throwing the discus, a 100-meter
hurdle race, pole vaulting, throwing the javelin, and a 1500-meter
run.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*cem"brist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Russian
Hist.)</i> <def>One of those who conspired for constitutional
government against the Emperor Nicholas on his accession to the throne
at the death of Alexander I., in December, 1825; -- called also
<i>Dekabrist</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He recalls the history of the <i>decembrists</i> . . .
that gallant band of revolutionists.</blockquote>  <i>G.
Kennan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dec"i*are`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;ciare</i>; pref. <i>d&eacute;ci-</i> tenth (fr. L.
<i>decimus</i>) + <i>are</i>. See 2d <u>Are</u>.] <i>(Metric
System)</i> <def>A measure of area, the tenth part of an are; ten
square meters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deck</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>A main a&euml;roplane surface, esp. of a biplane or
multiplane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"kle edge`</hw>. <def>The rough, untrimmed edge of paper
left by the deckle; also, a rough edge in imitation of this.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dec"kle-edged`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having a
deckle edge; as, <i>deckle-edged</i> paper; a <i>deckle-edged</i>
book.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*class"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Declassed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Declassing</u>.] [Cf. F. <i>d&eacute;classer</i>.] <def>To remove
from a class; to separate or degrade from one's class.</def>  <i>North
Am. Rev.</i></p>

<p><hw>De`co*her"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>de-</i> +
<i>coherer</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A device for restoring a coherer
to its normal condition after it has been affected by an electric
wave, a process usually accomplished by some method of tapping or
shaking, or by rotation of the coherer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`col`le*tage"</hw> (d&amacr;`k&osl;`l'*t&adot;zh),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>D&eacute;collet&eacute;</u>.]
<i>(Costume)</i> <def>The upper border or part of a
d&eacute;collet&eacute; corsage.</def></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`col`le*t&eacute;"</hw>
(d&asl;`k&obreve;l`l<i>e</i>*t&asl;"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Wearing a d&eacute;collet&eacute; gown.</def></p>

<p><hw>Decoration Day</hw>. <def>= <u>Memorial Day</u>.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`cu`lasse`ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
Also, sometimes, Anglicized <hw>Dec`u*lass"ment</hw> (&?;).
<i>(Ordnance)</i> <def>An accidental blowing off of, or other serious
damage to, the breechblock of a gun; also, a removal of the
breechblock for the purpose of disabling the gun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Deer"stalk`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A close-
fitting hat, with a low crown, such as is worn in deerstalking; also,
any stiff, round hat.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>De*fect"ive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Anything that is defective or lacking in some respect.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Med.)</i> <def>One who is lacking
physically or mentally.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Under the term <i>defectives</i> are included deaf-mutes,
the blind, the feeble-minded, the insane, and sometimes, esp. in
criminology, criminals and paupers.</p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`ga`g&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.,
p. p. of <i>d&eacute;gager</i> to disengage. See <u>De-</u>, lst Gage,
and cf. <u>Disgage</u>.] <def>Unconstrained; easy; free.</def>
<i>Vanbrugh.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A graceful and <i>d&eacute;gag&eacute;</i>
manner.</blockquote>  <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*germ"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Milling)</i>
<def>To extract the germs from, as from wheat grains.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*ger"mi*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Milling)</i> <def>A machine for breaking open the kernels of wheat
or other grain and removing the germs.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*glaze"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To remove the
glaze from, as pottery or porcelain, so as to give a dull
finish.</def></p>

<p><hw>||D&eacute;`gras"</hw> (?), <hw>Deg"ras</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; cf. F. <i>gras</i>, a. &amp; n., fat.] <def>A
semisolid emulsion produced by the treatment of certain skins with
oxidized fish oil, which extracts their soluble albuminoids. It was
formerly solely a by-product of chamois leather manufacture, but is
now made for its own sake, being valuable as a dressing for
hides.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*grease"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To remove
grease or fatty matter from, as wool or silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*gum"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Degummed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Degumming</u>.] <def>To deprive of, or free from, gum; as, to
<i>degum</i> ramie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dek"a*brist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
Decembrist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del`i*ca*tes"sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [G., fr. F.
<i>d&eacute;licatesse</i>.] <def>Relishes for the table; dainties;
delicacies.</def> "A dealer in <i>delicatessen</i>".  <i>G. H.
Putnam.</i></p>

<p><hw>De*lig"nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Delignated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Delignating</u>.] [Pref. <i>de-</i> + L. <i>lignum</i>
wood.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To clear or strip of wood (by cutting
down trees).</def> [R.]  <i>Fuller.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To strip or remove the wood from; as, to
<i>delignate</i> ramie, in the preparation of ribbons of the fiber for
further working.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del*sarte"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>or</i>
<hw>Delsarte system</hw>. <def>A system of calisthenics patterned on
the theories of Fran&ccedil;ois Delsarte (1811 -- 71), a French
teacher of dramatic and musical expression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Del"ta</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
fourth letter of the Greek alphabet (&DELTA; &delta;), answering to
<u>D</u>.</def> Hence, <def>an object having the shape of the capital
&DELTA;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The closed figure produced
by connecting three coils or circuits successively, end for end, esp.
in a three-phase system; -- often used attributively, as <i>delta</i>
winding, <i>delta</i> connection (which see), etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Delta connection</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>One of the usual
forms or methods for connecting apparatus to a three-phase circuit,
the three corners of the delta or triangle, as diagrammatically
represented, being connected to the three wires of the supply
circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Delta current</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The current flowing
through a delta connection.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F.
<i>d&eacute;mettre</i> to remove, <i>se d&eacute;mettre</i> to resign;
<i>d&eacute;-</i> (L. <i>dis-</i>) + <i>mettre</i> to put, fr. L.
<i>mittere</i> to send. Cf. <u>Dismiss</u>.] <def>To lay down or
relinquish an office, membership, authority, or the like; to resign,
as from a Masonic lodge; -- generally used with an implication that
the act is voluntary.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mit"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of demitting;
also, a letter, certificate, or the like, certifying that a person has
(honorably) demitted, as from a Masonic lodge.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De*mi"-tasse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., half cup.]
<def>A small cup for, or of, black coffee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dem"o*crat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large light
uncovered wagon with two or more seats.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>De*mote"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Demoted</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Demoting</u> (?).] [Pref. <i>de-</i> + <i>mote</i>, as in
<i>promote</i>; cf. L. <i>demovere</i> to remove.] <def>To reduce to a
lower grade, as in school.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mot"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The department
of knowledge relative to the care and culture of the people; sociology
in its broadest sense; -- in library cataloguing.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*mount"a*ble</hw> (?), [See <u>De-</u>; <u>Mount</u>.]
<def>Capable of being dismounted; -- said of a form of rim, for an
automobile wheel, which can be removed with its tire from the
wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*na"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<i>De-</i> +
<i>nature</i>.] <def>To deprive of its natural qualities; change the
nature of.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*part"ment store</hw>. <def>A store keeping a great variety
of goods which are arranged in several departments, esp. one with dry
goods as the principal stock.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*phase"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>To put out of phase, as two parts of a single alternating
current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Depth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>The perpendicular distance from the chord to the farthest point
of an arched surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*queen"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Apiculture)</i>
<def>To remove the queen from (a hive of bees).</def></p>

<p><hw>De*re"cho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>derecho</i>
straight.] <def>A straight wind without apparent cyclonic tendency,
usually accompanied with rain and often destructive, common in the
prairie regions of the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>||De ri`gueur"</hw> (?). [F. See 2d <u>Rigor</u>.]
<def>According to strictness (of etiquette, rule, or the like);
obligatory; strictly required.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der`iva"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The formation of a
word from its more original or radical elements; also, a statement of
the origin and history of a word.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der"rick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The
pyramidal structure or tower over a deep drill hole, such as that of
an oil well.</def></p>

<p><hw>Der"vish</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the fanatical
followers of the Mahdi, in the Sudan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Des"ic*ca`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
desiccates</def>; specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Chem., etc.)</i>
<def>A short glass jar fitted with an air-tight cover, and containing
some desiccating agent, as calcium chloride, above which is placed the
material to be dried or preserved from moisture.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A machine or apparatus for drying fruit,
milk, etc., usually by the aid of heat; an evaporator.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*stroy"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>= <u>Torpedo-boat
destroyer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*struct"or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A furnace or oven
for the burning or carbonizing of refuse</def>; specif. <i>(Sewage
Disposal)</i>, <def>a furnace (called in full <col><b>refuse
destructor</b></col>) in which the more solid constituents of sewage
are burnt. Destructors are often so constructed as to utilize refuse
as fuel.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tail"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch. &amp; Mach.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A minor part, as, in a building, the cornice,
caps of the buttresses, capitals of the columns, etc., or (called
<i>larger details</i>) a porch, a gable with its windows, a pavilion,
or an attached tower.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A detail
drawing.</def></p>

<p><col><b>In detail</b></col>, <cd>in subdivisions; part by part;
item by item; circumstantially; with particularity.</cd></p>

<p><hw>De*tect"or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Specifically:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An indicator showing the depth of the water
in a boiler.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
galvanometer, usually portable, for indicating the direction of a
current.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Any of various
devices for detecting the presence of electric waves.</def></p>

<p><hw>De*tect"or bar</hw>. <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A bar, connected
with a switch, longer than the distance between any two consecutive
wheels of a train (45 to 50 feet), laid inside a rail and operated by
the wheels so that the switch cannot be thrown until all the train is
past the switch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Det"o*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
detonates</def>; specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An explosive whose
action is practically instantaneous.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Something used to detonate a charge, as a detonating fuse.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A case containing detonating powder, the
explosion of which serves as a signal, as on railroads.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A gun fired by a percussion cap.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>De*vel"op*er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
develops</def>; specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A
chemical bath or reagent used in developing photographs.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Dyeing)</i> <def>A reagent used to produce an
ingrain color by its action upon some substance on the
fiber.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1978 !></p>

<p><hw>Dew"ar ves`sel</hw> (d&umacr;"&etilde;r). [After Sir James
<i>Dewar</i>, British physicist.] <def>A double-walled glass vessel
for holding liquid air, etc., having the space between the walls
exhausted so as to prevent conduction of heat, and sometimes having
the glass silvered to prevent absorption of radiant heat; -- called
also, according to the particular shape, <col><b>Dewar bulb</b></col>,
<col><b>Dewar tube</b></col>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dex"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. so named after the
original breeder.] <def>One of a breed of small hardy cattle
originating from the Kerry breed of Ireland, valuable both for beef
and milk. They are usually chiefly black, sometimes red, and somewhat
resemble a small shorthorn in build. Called also <i><col><b>Dexter
Kerry</b></col></i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*ab"o*lo</hw> (d&ibreve;*&abreve;b"&osl;*l&omacr;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An old game or sport (revived under this
name) consisting in whirling on a string, fastened to two sticks, a
small somewhat spool-shaped object (called the <i>diabolo</i>) so as
to balance it on a string, toss it in the air and catch it,
etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Diamond anniversary</hw>, <hw>jubilee</hw>, etc. } <def>One
celebrated upon the completion of sixty, or, according to some,
seventy-five, years from the beginning of the thing
commemorated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Diamond State</hw>. <def>Delaware; -- a nickname alluding to
its small size.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di*as"po*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Diaspore</u>.] <def>Lit., "Dispersion." -- applied collectively:
<i>(a)</i> To those Jews who, after the Exile, were scattered through
the Old World, and afterwards to Jewish Christians living among
heathen. Cf. <i>James i. 1</i>. <i>(b)</i> By extension, to Christians
isolated from their own communion, as among the Moravians to those
living, usually as missionaries, outside of the parent
congregation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dick"ey</hw>, <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hat; esp., in U. S., a
stiff hat or derby; in Eng., a straw hat.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One of various animals</def>; specif.:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A donkey.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
small bird; -- called also <col><b>dickey bird</b></col>.</def>
[Colloq.] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The hedge sparrow.</def> [Dial.
Eng.] <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The haddock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>In a carriage:</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A seat for the driver; -- called also <col><b>dickey
box</b></col>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A seat at the back for
servants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dic"ta*graph</hw> (?). <def>Var. of
<u>Dictograph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dic"ta*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Dicta</i>te +
<i>-phone</i>, as in <i>telephone</i>.] <def>A form of phonographic
recorder and reproducer adapted for use in dictation, as in
business.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dic"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>dictum</i> a
thing said + E. <i>-graph</i>.] <def>A telephonic instrument for
office or other similar use, having a sound-magnifying device enabling
the ordinary mouthpiece to be dispensed with. Much use has been made
of it for overhearing, or for recording, conversations for the purpose
of obtaining evidence for use in litigation.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The makers of this instrument spell it
<i>dictograph</i>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Die"sel en`gine</hw> or <hw>mo`tor</hw> (?) }. [After Dr.
Rudolf Diesel, of Munich, the inventor.] <def>A type of internal-
combustion engine in which the air drawn in by the suction stroke is
so highly compressed that the heat generated ignites the fuel (usually
crude oil), the fuel being automatically sprayed into the cylinder
under pressure. The Diesel engine has a very high thermal
efficiency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"et</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Specifically: <def>Any of
various national or local assemblies;</def> as, <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Occasionally, the Reichstag of the German Empire, Reichsrath of
the Austrian Empire, the federal legislature of Switzerland,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The legislature of Denmark,
Sweden, Japan, or Hungary.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The state
assembly or any of various local assemblies in the states of the
German Empire, as the legislature (Landtag) of the kingdom of Prussia,
and the Diet of the Circle (Kreistag) in its local government.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The local legislature (Landtag) of an
Austrian province.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The federative
assembly of the old Germanic Confederation (1815 -- 66).</def>
<sd><i>(f)</i></sd> <def>In the old German or Holy Roman Empire, the
great formal assembly of counselors (the Imperial Diet or Reichstag)
or a small, local, or informal assembly of a similar kind (the Court
Diet, or Hoftag).</def> The most celebrated Imperial Diets are the
three following, all held under Charles V.: <col><b>Diet of
Worms</b></col>, 1521, the object of which was to check the
Reformation and which condemned Luther as a heretic; <col><b>D. of
Spires, or Speyer</b></col>, 1529, which had the same object and
issued an edict against the further dissemination of the new
doctrines, against which edict Lutheran princes and deputies protested
(hence <i>Protestants</i>): <col><b>D. of Augsburg</b></col>, 1530,
the object of which was the settlement of religious disputes, and at
which the Augsburg Confession was presented but was denounced by the
emperor, who put its adherents under the imperial ban.</p>

<p><hw>Dig</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
work hard or drudge;</def> specif. (U. S.): <def>To study ploddingly
and laboriously.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Peter <i>dug</i> at his books all the
harder.</blockquote>  <i>Paul L. Ford.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Of a tool: To cut deeply
into the work because ill set, held at a wrong angle, or the like, as
when a lathe tool is set too low and so sprung into the
work.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To dig out</b></col>, <cd>to depart; to leave, esp.
hastily; decamp.</cd> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Dig</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tool
for digging.</def> [Dial. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An act of digging.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>An amount to be dug.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <i>(Mining)</i> <def>= <u>Gouge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*he"dral</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of a kite or an a&euml;roplane, having wings that make with one
another a dihedral angle, esp. when the angle between the upper sides
is less than 180&deg;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>Of wing pairs,
inclined at an upward angle to each other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ding"dong` the"o*ry</hw>. <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>The theory
which maintains that the primitive elements of language are reflex
expressions induced by sensory impressions; that is, as stated by Max
M&uuml;ller, the creative faculty gave to each general conception as
it thrilled for the first time through the brain a phonetic
expression; -- jocosely so called from the analogy of the sound of a
bell induced by the stroke of the clapper.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di`o*ny"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr.
&?;.] <i>(Class. Antiq.)</i> <def>Any of the festivals held in honor
of the Olympian god Dionysus. They correspond to the Roman
Bacchanalia; the greater Dionysia were held at Athens in March or
April, and were celebrated with elaborate performances of both
tragedies and comedies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`o*ny"si*ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Dionysus or to the Dionysia; Bacchic; as, a
<i>Dionysiac</i> festival; the <i>Dionysiac</i> theater at
Athens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
gymnastic exercise on the parallel bars in which the performer,
resting on his hands, lets his arms bend and his body sink until his
chin is level with the bars, and then raises himself by straightening
his arms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In the turpentine industry, the viscid
exudation, which is dipped out from incisions in the trees; as, virgin
<i>dip</i> (the runnings of the first year), yellow <i>dip</i> (the
runnings of subsequent years).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A sudden drop
followed by a climb, usually to avoid obstacles or as the result of
getting into an airhole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di"plex</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>di-</i> + <i>-
plex</i>, as in du<i>plex</i>.] <i>(Teleg.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
sending of two messages in the same direction at the same time.
<i>Diplex</i> and <i>contraplex</i> are the two varieties of
<i>duplex</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dip"lo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; double +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument used for double writing, as one for
producing embossed writing for the blind and ordinary writing at the
same time.</def> -- <wf>Dip`lo*graph"ic*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Dip*log"ra*phy</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Dip"sey</hw>, <hw>Dip"sie</hw>, <hw>Dip"sy</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Deep-sea; as, a <i>dipsey</i> line; a
<i>dipsy</i> lead.</def> [Sailor's Cant]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Dip"sey</hw>, <hw>Dip"sie</hw>, <hw>Dip"sy</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sinker attached to a
fishing line; also, a line having several branches, each with such a
sinker, used in deep-sea fishing.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A deep-sea lead.</def>
[Rare]</p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Political Science)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or effected immediately by, action of the people
through their votes instead of through one or more representatives or
delegates; as, <i>direct</i> nomination, <i>direct</i>
legislation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Direct action</hw>. <i>(Trade unions)</i> <def>See
<u>Syndicalism</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*rect"-cou"pled</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Coupled
without intermediate connections, as an engine and a dynamo.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Direct-coupled antenna</b></col> <i>(Wireless Teleg.)</i>,
<cd>an antenna connected electrically with one point of a closed
oscillation circuit in syntony with it and earthed.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Direct current</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
current flowing in one direction only; -- distinguished from
<i>alternating current</i>. When steady and not pulsating a direct
current is often called a <i>continuous current</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def><col><b>A direct induced current</b></col>,
or momentary current of the same direction as the inducing current,
produced by stopping or removing the latter; also, a similar current
produced by removal of a magnet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Direct nomination</hw>. <i>(Political Science)</i> <def>The
nomination or designation of candidates for public office by direct
popular vote rather than through the action of a convention or body of
elected nominating representatives or delegates. The term is applied
both to the nomination of candidates without any nominating
convention, and, loosely, to the nomination effected, as in the case
of candidates for president or senator of the United States, by the
election of nominating representatives pledged or instructed to vote
for certain candidates dssignated by popular vote.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di`rec`toire" style</hw> (?). <i>(Dressmaking)</i> <def>A style
of dress prevalent at the time of the French Directory, characterized
by great extravagance of design and imitating the Greek and Roman
costumes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Direct primary</hw>. <i>(Political Science)</i> <def>A primary
by which direct nominations of candidates for office are
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis`ap*pear"ing</hw>, <def><pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> of
<u>Disappear</u>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Disappearing carriage</b></col> <i>(Ordnance)</i>, <cd>a
carriage for heavy coast guns on which the gun is raised above the
parapet for firing and upon discharge is lowered behind the parapet
for protection. The standard type of disappearing carriage in the
coast artillery of the United States army is the <b>Buffington-Crozier
carriage</b>, in which the gun trunnions are secured at the upper and
after ends of a pair of heavy levers, at the lower ends of which is
attached a counterweight of lead. The levers are pivoted at their
middle points, which are, with the top carriage, permitted restrained
motion along the slightly inclined chassis rails. The counterweight is
held in place by a pawl and ratchet. When the gun is loaded the pawl
is released and the counterweight sinks, raising the gun to the firing
position above the parapet. The recoil following the discharge returns
the gun to the loading position, the counterweight rising until the
pawl engages the ratchet.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Dis*charge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Textile Dyeing &
Printing)</i> <def>To bleach out or to remove or efface, as by a
chemical process; as, to <i>discharge</i> the color from a dyed fabric
in order to form light figures on a dark ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*charge"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The
equalization of a difference of electric potential between two points.
The character of the discharge is mostly determined by the nature of
the medium through which it takes place, the amount of the difference
of potential, and the form of the terminal conductors on which the
difference exists. The discharge may be alternating, continuous,
brush, connective, disruptive, glow, oscillatory, stratified,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*cov"er*y Day</hw>. <def>= <u>Columbus Day</u>,
above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Disk clutch</hw>. <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>A friction clutch in
which the gripping surfaces are disks or more or less resemble
disks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dis*trib"u*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>One
that distributes; a distributer;</def> specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A machine for distributing type.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An appliance, as a roller, in a printing press, for distributing
ink.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An apparatus for distributing an
electric current, either to various points in rotation, as in some
motors, or along two or more lines in parallel, as in a distributing
system.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Di"va</hw> (d&emacr;"v&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>It.
pl.</i> <plw><b>Dive</b></plw> (d&emacr;"v&amacr;). [It., prop. fem.
of <i>divo</i> divine, L. <i>divus</i>.] <def>A prima donna.</def></p>

<p><hw>Di*vin"i*ty calf`</hw> (?). <i>(Bookbinding)</i> <def>Calf
stained dark brown and worked without gilding, often used for
theological books.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
perform work upon, about, for, or at, by way of caring for, looking
after, preparing, cleaning, keeping in order, or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The sergeants seem to <i>do</i> themselves pretty
well.</blockquote>  <i>Harper's Mag.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To deal with for good and all; to finish
up; to undo; to ruin; to do for.</def> [Colloq. or Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sometimes they lie in wait in these dark streets, and
fracture his skull, . . . or break his arm, or cut the sinew of his
wrist; and that they call <i>doing</i> him.</blockquote>  <i>Charles
Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dob"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>An
apparatus resembling a Jacquard for weaving small figures (usually
about 12 - 16 threads, seldom more than 36 - 40 threads).</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*bell's" so*lu"tion</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An aqueous
solution of carbolic acid, borax, sodium bicarbonate, and glycerin,
used as a spray in diseases of the nose and throat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doe, John</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>The fictitious lessee acting
as plaintiff in the common-law action of ejectment, the fictitious
defendant being usually denominated <i>Richard Roe</i>. Hence, a
fictitious name for a party, real or fictitious, to any action or
proceeding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Doff"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A revolving cylinder, or a vibrating bar, with
teeth, in a carding machine, which doffs, or strips off, the fiber
from the cards.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Spinning)</i> <def>A worker who replaces
full bobbins by empty ones on the throstle or ring frames.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dol"er*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; deceptive,
because easily confounded with diorite.] <i>(Petrography)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A dark, crystalline, igneous rock, chiefly
pyroxene with labradorite.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Coarse-
grained basalt.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Diabase.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Any dark, igneous rock composed chiefly of
silicates of iron and magnesium with some feldspar.</def> --
<wf>Dol`er*it"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Dol"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Dolmans</b></plw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A woman's cloak
with capelike pieces instead of sleeves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The uniform jacket of many European hussar
regiments, worn like a cloak, fastened with a cord or chain, and with
sleeves hanging loose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*ne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
clergyman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*min"ion Day</hw>. <def>In Canada, a legal holiday, July lst,
being the anniversary of the proclamation of the formation of the
Dominion in 1867.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dom"i*no whist</hw>. <def>A game of cards in which the suits
are played in sequence, beginning with a 5 or 9, the player who gets
rid of his cards first being the winner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Don"go*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A government of Upper Egypt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Dongola kid.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Dongola kid</b></col>, <col><b>D. leather</b></col>,
<cd>leather made by the Dongola process.</cd> -- <col><b>D.
process</b></col>, <cd>a process of tanning goatskin, and now also
calfskin and sheepskin, with a combination of vegetable and mineral
agents, so that it resembles kid.</cd> -- <col><b>D. race</b></col>,
<cd>a boat race in which the crews are composed of a number of pairs,
usually of men and women.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Don`n&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>donner</i> to give.] <def>Lit., given; hence, in a literary work,
as a drama or tale, that which is assumed as to characters, situation,
etc., as a basis for the plot or story.</def>  <i>W. E.
Henley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>That favorite romance <i>donn&eacute;e</i> of the heir
kept out of his own.</blockquote>  <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dope</hw> (d&omacr;p), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>doop</i> a
dipping, fr. <i>doopen</i> to dip. Cf. <u>Dip</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any thick liquid or pasty preparation, as of opium for medicinal
purposes, of grease for a lubricant, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Any preparation, as of opium, used to
stupefy or, in the case of a race horse, to stimulate.</def> [Slang or
Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>An absorbent material; esp., in high
explosives, the sawdust, infusorial earth, mica, etc., mixed with
nitroglycerin to make a damp powder (dynamite, etc.) less dangerous to
transport, and ordinarily explosive only by suitable fulminating
caps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>Information concerning the previous
performances of race horses, or other facts concerning them which may
be of assistance in judging of their chances of winning future races;
sometimes, similar information concerning other sports.</def>
[Sporting Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Dope</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
treat or affect with dope; as, to <i>dope</i> nitroglycerin;</def>
specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To give stupefying drugs to; to
drug.</def> [Slang] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To administer a stimulant
to (a horse) to increase his speed. It is a serious offense against
the laws of racing.</def> [Race-track Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To judge or guess; to predict the result
of, as by the aid of dope.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Dope"-book`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chart of previous
performances, etc., of race horses.</def> [Race-track Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Dop"ey</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Affected by "dope";
esp., sluggish or dull as though under the influence of a
narcotic.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>||Dop"pel*g&auml;ng`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<def>A spiritual or ghostly double or counterpart; esp., an
apparitional double of a living person; a cowalker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dor"my</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Origin uncertain.]
<i>(Golf)</i>  <def>Up, or ahead, as many holes as remain to be
played; -- said of a player or side.</def></p>

<p>&fist; A player who is <i>dormy</i> can not be beaten, and at the
worst must halve the match. <i>Encyc. of Sport.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Dos`-&agrave;-dos"</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Back to back; as, to sit <i>dos-&agrave;-dos</i> in a dogcart; to
dance <i>dos-&agrave;-dos</i>, or so that two dancers move forward and
pass back to back.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dos`-&agrave;-dos"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sofa,
open carriage, or the like, so constructed that the occupants sit back
to back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dos"age</hw> (d&omacr;s"&asl;j), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>dosage</i>. See <u>Dose</u>, <pos><i>v.</i></pos>]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The administration of medicine
in doses; specif., a scheme or system of grading doses of medicine
according to age, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The process of adding some ingredient, as
to wine, to give flavor, character, or strength.</def></p>

<p><hw>Do*sim"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>dosis</i>
dose + <i>-metry</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Measurement of doses;
specif., a system of therapeutics which uses but few remedies, mostly
alkaloids, and gives them in doses fixed by certain rules.</def> --
<wf>Do`si*met"ric</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Do*sim"e*trist</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Doss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etym. uncertain.] <def>A
place to sleep in; a bed; hence, sleep.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Doss house</hw>. <def>A cheap lodging house.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>They [street Arabs] consort together and sleep in low
<i>doss houses</i> where they meet with all kinds of
villainy.</blockquote>  <i>W. Besant.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1979 !></p>

<p><hw>||Dos`sier"</hw> (d&osl;s`sy&asl;"; <i>E.</i>
d&obreve;s"s&ibreve;*&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., back of a
thing, bulging bundle of papers, fr. <i>dos</i> back.] <def>A bundle
containing the papers in reference to some matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dot"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From 2d <u>Dot</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Composed of, or characterized by,
dots.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  [Perh. a different word; cf. <u>Totty</u>.]
<def>Unsteady in gait; hence, feeble; half-witted.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person or thing
that is the counterpart of another; a duplicate; copy; (Obs.)
transcript; -- now chiefly used of persons. Hence, a wraith.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My charming friend . . . has, I am almost sure, a
<i>double</i>, who preaches his afternoon sermons for
him.</blockquote>  <i>E. E. Hale.</i></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-deck"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A tenement house having two families on each floor.</def> [Local,
U. S.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A biplane a&euml;roplane or
kite.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble*gang`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>doppelg&auml;nger</i>; <i>doppel</i> double + <i>g&auml;nger</i>
walker.] <def>An apparition or double of a living person; a
doppelg&auml;nger.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Either you are Hereward, or you are his
<i>doubleganger</i>.</blockquote>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Double pedro</hw>. <def>Cinch (the game).</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A part of a distilling apparatus for intercepting the heavier
fractions and returning them to be redistilled.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Calico Printing)</i> <def>A blanket or felt
placed between the fabric and the printing table or
cylinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dou"ble-sur"faced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
two surfaces; -- said specif. of a&euml;roplane wings or
a&euml;rocurves which are covered on both sides with fabric, etc.,
thus completely inclosing their frames.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Dou`blure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bookbinding)</i> <def>The lining of a book
cover, esp. one of unusual sort, as of tooled leather, painted vellum,
rich brocade, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Paleon.)</i> <def>The reflexed margin of
the trilobite carapace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"com`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pipe to
conduct something downwards;</def> specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Iron Manuf.)</i> <def>A pipe for leading the hot gases from the
top of a blast furnace downward to the regenerators, boilers,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Steam Engin.)</i> <def>In some
water-tube boilers, a tube larger in diameter than the water tubes to
conduct the water from each top drum to a bottom drum, thus completing
the circulation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Down"-wind`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With the
wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Doy`en"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Dean</u>.]
<def>Lit., a dean; the senior member of a body or group; as, the
<i>doyen</i> of French physicians.</def> "This <i>doyen</i> of
newspapers."  <i>A. R. Colquhoun.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Drag line</hw>  or <hw>rope</hw>  }.
<i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A guide rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>In
various games:</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>To play
(a short-length ball directed at the leg stump) with an inclined bat
so as to deflect the ball between the legs and the wicket.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>To hit (the ball) with the toe
of the club so that it is deflected toward the left.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Billiards)</i> <def>To strike (the cue ball)
below the center so as to give it a backward rotation which causes it
to take a backward direction on striking another ball.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Curling)</i> <def>To throw up (the stone)
gently.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To leave (a contest) undecided; as, the
battle or game was <i>drawn</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Draw</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
result of drawing, or state of being drawn;</def> specif.:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A drawn battle, game, or the like.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The spin or twist imparted to a ball, or the
like, by a drawing stroke.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>That which is drawn or is subject to
drawing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dread"nought`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A British battleship, completed in 1906 -- 1907, having an
armament consisting of ten 12-inch guns, and of twenty-four 12-pound
quick-fire guns for protection against torpedo boats. This was the
first battleship of the type characterized by a main armament of big
guns all of the same caliber. She has a displacement of 17,900 tons at
load draft, and a speed of 21 knots per hour.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Any battleship having its main armament
entirely of big guns all of one caliber. Since the Dreadnought was
built, the caliber of the heaviest guns has increased from 12 in. to
13&frac12; in., 14 in., and 15 in., and the displacement of the
largest batteships from 18,000 tons to 30,000 tons and upwards. The
term <i>superdreadnought</i> is popularly applied to battleships with
such increased displacement and gun caliber.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Drei"bund`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>drei</i> three + <i>bund</i> league.] <def>A triple alliance;
specif., the alliance of Germany, Austria, and Italy, formed in
1882.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dress circle</hw>. <def>A gallery or circle in a theater,
generally the first above the floor, in which originally dress clothes
were customarily worn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dress"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>dressoir</i>. See
<u>Dress</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A piece of chamber
furniture consisting of a chest of drawers, or bureau, with a
mirror.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Drib"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>In various
games, to propel (the ball) by successive slight hits or kicks so as
to keep it always in control.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In football and similar games, to dribble the ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To live or pass one's time in a trivial
fashion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drib"ble</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An act of dribbling a
ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drift</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Phys.
Geog.)</i> <def>One of the slower movements of oceanic circulation; a
general tendency of the water, subject to occasional or frequent
diversion or reversal by the wind; as, the easterly <i>drift</i> of
the North Pacific.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>The horizontal
component of the pressure of the air on the sustaining surfaces of a
flying machine. The <i>lift</i> is the corresponding vertical
component, which sustains the machine in the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drive</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>To make
a drive, or stroke from the tee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drive</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Specif., in various
games, as tennis, baseball, etc., to propel (the ball) swiftly by a
direct stroke or forcible throw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
various games, as tennis, cricket, etc., the act of player who drives
the ball; the stroke or blow; the flight of the ball, etc., so
driven.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Golf)</i> <def>A stroke from the tee,
generally a full shot made with a driver; also, the distance covered
by such a stroke.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn> <def>An implement used for driving;</def> as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A mallet.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
tamping iron.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A cooper's hammer for
driving on barrel hoops.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A wooden-
headed golf club with a long shaft, for playing the longest
strokes.</def><BR>
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]</p>

<p><hw>Drome</hw> (dr&omacr;m), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Short for
<u>A&euml;rodrome</u>.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Drove</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Droved</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Droving</u> (?).] [Cf. <u>Drove</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and
<u>Drover</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To drive, as cattle or sheep,
esp. on long journeys; to follow the occupation of a drover.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He's <i>droving</i> now with Conroy's sheep along the
Castlereagh.</blockquote>  <i>Paterson.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To finish, as stone, with a drove or drove
chisel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Drum winding</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A method of armature
winding in which the wire is wound upon the outer surface of a
cylinder or drum from end to end of the cylinder; -- distinguished
from <i>ring winding</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du`chesse" lace</hw> (?). <def>A beautiful variety of Brussels
pillow lace made originally in Belgium and resembling Honiton guipure.
It is worked with fine thread in large sprays, usually of the primrose
pattern, with much raised work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Duffed</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Duffing</u>.] [Etym. uncertain.] [Colloq. or Slang]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To treat or manipulate so as to give a
specious appearance to; to fake; hence, to cheat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In Australia, to alter the brands on
(cattle, horses, etc.); to steal (cattle, etc.), and alter their
brands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duf"fel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Outfit or suppplies,
collectively; kit.</def> [Colloq., U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Duffel bag</hw>. <def>A sack to hold miscellaneous articles, as
tools, supplies, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duf"fer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>See <u>Shicer</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any common domestic
pigeon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Duf"fer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who duffs cattle,
etc.</def> [Australia]</p>

<p><blockquote>Unluckily, cattle stealers are by no means so rare as
would be desirable; they are locally known as
<i>duffers</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Baden-Powell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Du*kho*bors"</hw> (?), <hw>Du*kho*bor"tsy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>dukhobortsy</i> spirit wrestlers;
<i>dukh</i> spirit + <i>bortsy</i> wrestlers.] <def>A Russian
religious sect founded about the middle of the 18th century at
Kharkov. They believe that Christ was wholly human, but that his soul
reappears from time to time in mortals. They accept the Ten
Commandments and the "useful" portions of the Bible, but deny the need
of rulers, priests, or churches, and have no confessions, icons, or
marriage ceremonies. They are communistic, opposed to any violence,
and unwilling to use the labor of animals. Driven out of Russia
proper, many have emigrated to Cyprus and Canada. See
<u>Raskolnik</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dum"dum bul"let</hw> (?). <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A kind of
manstopping bullet; -- so named from <i>Dumdum</i>, in India, where
bullets are manufactured for the Indian army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dump"y lev"el</hw>. <i>(Surv.)</i> <def>A level having a short
telescope (hence its name) rigidly fixed to a table capable only of
rotatory movement in a horizontal plane. The telescope is usually an
inverting one. It is sometimes called the <i><col><b>Troughton
level</b></col></i>, from the name of the inventor, and a variety
improved by one Gavatt is known as the <b>Gavatt level</b>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>duo</i> two +
<i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Photo-engraving)</i> <def>A picture printed from
two half-tone plates made with the screen set at different angles, and
usually printed in two shades of the same color or in black and one
tint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"o*tone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>duo</i> two +
<i>tone</i>.] <i>(Photoengraving)</i> <def>Any picture printed in two
shades of the same color, as duotypes and duographs are usually
printed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>duo</i> two +
<i>type</i>.] <i>(Photoengraving)</i> <def>A print made from two half-
tone plates made from the same negative, but etched
differently.</def></p>

<p><hw>Du"plex</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Duplex</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Teleg.)</i> <def>To arrange, as a telegraph
line, so that two  messages may be transmitted simultaneously; to
equip with a duplex telegraphic outfit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Dys*pro"si*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>dyspro`sitos</grk> hard to get at.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An
element of the rare earth-group. Symbol <i>Dy</i>; at. wt.,
162.5.</def></p>

<p><point26>E.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Ear"-mind"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.
Psychol.)</i> <def>Thinking chiefly or most readily through, or in
terms related to, the sense of hearing; specif., thinking words as
spoken, as a result of familiarity with speech or of mental
peculiarity; -- opposed to <i>eye-minded</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Earth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The
connection of any part an electric conductor with the ground; specif.,
the connection of a telegraph line with the ground through a fault or
otherwise.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When the resistance of the earth connection is low it is
termed a <i>good earth</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Earth"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>The sunlight reflected from the earth to the moon, by which we
see faintly, when the moon is near the sun (either before or after new
moon), that part of the moon's disk unillumined by direct sunlight, or
"the old moon in the arms of the new."</def></p>

<p><hw>East</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>Designating, or situated in, that part of a church which contains
the choir or chancel; as, the <i>east</i> front of a
cathedral.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eas"ter lil`y</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of various
lilies or lilylike flowers which bloom about Easter;</def> specif.:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The common white lily (<i>Lilium
candidum</i>), called also <i>Annunciation lily</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The larger white lily (<i>Lilium longiflorum
eximium</i>, syn. <i>L. Harrisii</i>) called also <i>Bermuda
lily</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The daffodil (<i>Narcissus
Pseudo-Narcissus</i>).</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The Atamasco
lily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eastern Church</hw>. <def>That portion of the Christian church
which prevails in the countries once comprised in the Eastern Roman
Empire and the countries converted to Christianity by missionaries
from them. Its full official title is <i>The Orthodox Catholic
Apostolic Eastern Church</i>. It became estranged from the Western, or
Roman, Church over the question of papal supremacy and the doctrine of
the filioque, and a separation, begun in the latter part of the 9th
century, became final in 1054. The Eastern Church consists of twelve
(thirteen if the Bulgarian Church be included) mutually independent
churches (including among these the Hellenic Church, or Church of
Greece, and the Russian Church), using the vernacular (or some ancient
form of it) in divine service and varying in many points of detail,
but standing in full communion with each other and united as equals in
a great federation. The highest five authorities are the patriarch of
Constantinople, or ecumenical patriarch (whose position is not one of
supremacy, but of precedence), the patriarch of Alexandria, the
patriarch of Jerusalem, the patriarch of Antioch, and the Holy Synod
of Russia. The Eastern Church accepts the first seven ecumenical
councils (and is hence styled only schismatic, not heretical, by the
Roman Catholic Church), has as its creed the Niceno-Constantinopolitan
(without the later addition of the filioque, which, with the doctrine
it represents, the church decisively rejects), baptizes infants with
trine immersion, makes confirmation follow immediately upon baptism,
administers the Communion in both kinds (using leavened bread) and to
infants as well as adults, permits its secular clergy to marry before
ordination and to keep their wives afterward, but not to marry a
second time, selects its bishops from the monastic clergy only,
recognizes the offices of bishop, priest, and deacon as the three
necessary degrees of orders, venerates relics and icons, and has an
elaborate ritual.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eau` forte"</hw> (&omacr;` f&osl;rt"). [F., strong water,
nitric acid (which is used in etching plates).] <i>(Art)</i> <def>An
etching or a print from an etched plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`car`t&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
prop. p. p. fr. <i>&eacute;carter</i> to reject, discard.] <def>A game
at cards for two persons, with 32 cards, ranking K, Q, J, A, 10, 9, 8,
7. Five cards are dealt each player, and the 11th turned as trump.
Five points constitute a game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ech"o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Echoes</b></plw> (#). [L. <i>echo</i>, Gr. &?; echo.]
<i>(Whist)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A signal, played in the same
manner as a trump signal, made by a player who holds four or more
trumps (or as played by some exactly three trumps) and whose partner
has led trumps or signaled for trumps.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A signal showing the number held of a plain suit when a high card
in that suit is led by one's partner.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*chop"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Echo</i> +
<i>-pathy</i>, as in <i>homeopathy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid
condition characterized by automatic and purposeless repetition of
words or imitation of actions.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"dam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>or</i> <hw>Edam
cheese</hw>. <def>A Dutch pressed cheese of yellow color and fine
flavor, made in balls weighing three or four pounds, and usually
colored crimson outside; -- so called from the village of Edam, near
Amsterdam. Also, cheese of the same type, wherever made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"dy cur"rent</hw> (?). <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An induced
electric current circulating wholly within a mass of metal; -- called
also <i>Foucault current</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ed"dy kite</hw> (?). Called also <i>Malay kite</i>. [After
William A. <i>Eddy</i>, American kite expert.] <def>A quadrilateral,
tailless kite, with convex surfaces exposed to the wind. This kite was
extensively used by Eddy in his famous meteorological experiments. It
is now generally superseded by the box kite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fect"ive</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The serviceable
soldiers in a country; an army or any military body, collectively; as,
France's <i>effective</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ef*fen"di</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, [Turk. <i>efendi</i>,
fr. Modern Gr. &?;, fr. Gr. &?; a chief. See <u>Authentic</u>.]
<def>Master; sir; -- a Turkish title of respect, applied esp. to a
state official or man of learning, as one learned in the law, but
often simply as the courtesy title of a gentleman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ei*kon"o*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>e'ikw`n</grk>, <grk>e'iko`nos</grk>, image + root of
<grk>gi`gnesqai</grk> to be born.] <i>(Photog. &amp; Chem.)</i> <def>The
sodium salt of a sulphonic acid of a naphthol,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>5</sub>(OH)(NH<sub>2</sub>)SO<sub>3</sub>Na used
as a developer.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"ject</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Eject</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>An object that is a
conscious or living object, and hence not a direct object, but an
inferred object or act of a subject, not myself; -- a term invented by
W. K. Clifford.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*jec"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L., neut. pl. of
<i>ejectus</i> cast out. See <u>Eject</u>.] <def>Matter ejected;
material thrown out; as, the <i>ejecta</i> of a volcano; the
<i>ejecta</i>, or excreta, of the body.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1980 !></p>

<p><hw>E*ject"or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That part of the
mechanism of a breech-loading firearm which ejects the empty
shell.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"der*ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The berrylike drupe of the elder. That of the Old World elder
(<i>Sambucus nigra</i>) and that of the American sweet elder (<i>S.
Canadensis</i>) are sweetish acid, and are eaten as a berry or made
into wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tri*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Electrified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Electrifying</u> (?).] [<i>Electric</i> + <i>-fy</i>.]
<def>To equip for employment of electric power; as, to
<i>electrify</i> a railroad.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>electro</i> + <i>-graph</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>An
apparatus, controlled by electric devices, used to trace designs for
etching.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An instrument for the reproduction at a
distance of pictures, maps, etc., by means of electricity.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>An image made by the R&ouml;ntgen rays; a
sciagraph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>A cinematograph using the arc
light.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec`tro*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to an electrograph or electrography.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec*trog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or process of making electrographs or
using an electrograph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>= <u>Galvanography</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tro*lyze</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See
<u>Electrolysis</u>.] <def>To subject to electrolysis.</def> --
<wf>E*lec`tro*ly*za"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>E*lec"tron</hw> (?), [NL., fr. Gr. &?;. See <u>Electric</u>.]
<i>(Physics &amp; Chem.)</i> <def>One of those particles, having about one
thousandth the mass of a hydrogen atom, which are projected from the
cathode of a vacuum tube as the cathode rays and from radioactive
substances as the beta rays; -- called also <i>corpuscle</i>. The
electron carries (or is) a natural unit of negative electricity, equal
to 3.4 x 10<sup>-10</sup> electrostatic units. It has been detected
only when in rapid motion; its mass, which is electromagnetic, is
practically constant at the lesser speeds, but increases as the
velocity approaches that of light. Electrons are all of one kind, so
far as known, and probably are the ultimate constituents of all atoms.
An atom from which an electron has been detached has a positive charge
and is called a <i>coelectron</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E`lec*tron"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics &
Chem.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to an electron or
electrons.</def></p>

<p><hw>||E*lec`tro*poi"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>or</i>
<hw>Electropoion fluid</hw>. [NL.; <i>electro-</i> + Gr.
<grk>poiw^n</grk>, p. pr. of <grk>poiei^n</grk> to make.]
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An exciting and depolarizing acid solution used in
certain cells or batteries, as the Grenet battery. Electropoion is
best prepared by mixing one gallon of concentrated sulphuric acid
diluted with three gallons of water, with a solution of six pounds of
potassium bichromate in two gallons of boiling water. It should be
used cold.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>El"e*me</hw>, or <hw>El"e*mi, figs`</hw>  }
(&ebreve;l"&esl;*m&ibreve;). [Turk. <i>eleme</i> anything which has
been sifted and freed from dust or broken parts.] <def>A kind of figs
of superior quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>El"e*va`tor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A movable plane or group of planes used
to control the altitude or fore-and-aft poise or inclination of an
airship or flying machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`lite"</hw> (&amacr;`l&emacr;t"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Army organization</u>,
<i>Switzerland</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E. M. F.</hw> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An abbreviation for
<i>electro-motive force</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em`is*siv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Tendency to
emission; comparative facility of emission, or rate at which emission
takes place;</def> specif. <i>(Physics)</i>, <def>the rate of emission
of heat from a bounding surface per degree of temperature difference
between the surface and surrounding substances (called by Fourier
<i>external conductivity</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Empire State</hw>. <def>New York; -- a nickname alluding to its
size and wealth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Empire State of the South</hw>. <def>Georgia; -- a
nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Empire State of the West</hw>. <def>Missouri; -- a
nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*place"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Emplaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Emplacing</u> (?).] [Cf. F. <i>emplacer</i>. See <u>En-</u>;
<u>Place</u>, <pos><i>v. &amp; n.</i></pos>] <def>To put into place or
position; to fix on an emplacement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Em*place"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>emplacement</i>.] <def>A putting in, or assigning to, a definite
place; localization; as, the <i>emplacement</i> of a
structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Em`presse`ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [F., fr
<i>s'empresser</i> to hasten.] <def>Demonstrative warmth or cordiality
of manner; display of enthusiasm.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He grasped my hand with a nervous
<i>empressement</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>En*am"el</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any
one of various preparations for giving a smooth, glossy surface like
that of enamel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A cosmetic intended to give the appearance
of a smooth and beautiful complexion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En` bloc"</hw> (?). [F. Cf. <u>Block</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> ] <def>In a lump; as a whole; all together.</def>
"Movement of the ossicles <i>en bloc</i>."  <i>Nature.</i></p>

<p><blockquote><i>En bloc</i> they are known as "the
herd".</blockquote>  <i>W. A. Fraser.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En*c&aelig;"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>=
<u>Encenia</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*dem"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging or native
to a particular people or country; native as distinguished from
introduced or naturalized; hence, regularly or ordinarily occurring in
a given region; local; as, a plant <i>endemic</i> in Australia; --
often distinguished from <i>exotic</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The traditions of folklore . . . form a kind of
<i>endemic</i> symbolism.</blockquote>  <i>F. W. H. Myers.</i></p>

<p><hw>En`do*ther"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>endo-
</i> + <i>thermic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Designating, or pert. to,
a reaction which occurs with absorption of heat; formed by such a
reaction; as, an <i>endothermic</i> substance; -- opposed to
<i>exothermic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*face"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Enfaced</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Enfacing</u>.] [Pref. <i>en-</i> + <i>face</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To write or print on the face of (a draft, bill, etc.); as, to
<i>enface</i> drafts with memoranda.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To write or print (a memorandum,
direction, or the like) on the face of a draft, bill, etc.; as, to
<i>enface</i> the words "Payable in Calcutta" upon the face of a
draft.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Enfaced paper</b></col> <i>(Com.)</i>, <cd>Indian
government securities the principal and interest of which are enfaced
as payable in silver rupees.</cd> <i>Dict. of Pol. Econ.</i></p>

<p><hw>||En`fleu`rage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>en-
</i> (L. in) + <i>fleur</i> flower.] <def>A process of extracting
perfumes by exposing absorbents, as fixed oils or fats, to the
exhalations of the flowers. It is used for plants whose volatile oils
are too delicate to be separated by distillation.</def></p>

<p><hw>En`gi*neer" Corps</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In the United
States army, the <hw>Corps of Engineers</hw>, a corps of officers and
enlisted men consisting of one band and three battalions of engineers
commanded by a brigadier general, whose title is Chief of Engineers.
It has charge of the construction of fortifications for land and
seacoast defense, the improvement of rivers and harbors, the
construction of lighthouses, etc., and, in time of war, supervises the
engineering operations of the armies in the field.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In the United States navy, a corps made up of
the engineers, which was amalgamated with the line by act of March 3,
1899. It consisted of <i>assistant</i> and <i>passed assistant
engineers</i>, ranking with ensigns and lieutenants, <i>chief
engineers</i>, ranking from lieutenant to captain, and <i>engineer in
chief</i>, ranking with commodore and having charge of the Bureau of
Steam Engineering.</def></p>

<p><hw>En"gine-type` gen"er*a`tor</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
generator having its revolving part carried on the shaft of the
driving engine.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*light"en*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>=
<u>Aufkl&Auml;rung</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En` pas`sant"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>In passing; in the course
of any procedure;</def> -- said specif. <i>(Chess)</i>, <def>of the
taking of an adverse pawn which makes a first move of two squares by a
pawn already so advanced as to threaten the first of these squares.
The pawn which takes <i>en passant</i> is advanced to the threatened
square.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En` rap`port"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>In accord, harmony, or
sympathy; having a mutual, esp. a private, understanding; of a
hypnotic subject, being in such a mental state as to be especially
subject to the influence of a particular person or persons.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*sile"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ensiled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ensiling</u> (?).] [F. <i>ensiler</i>: cf. Sp. <i>ensilar</i>. See
<u>Silo</u>.] <def>To store (green fodder) in a silo; to prepare as
silage.</def> -- <wf>En"si*list</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>En*tan"gle*ment</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>An extensive low obstacle formed of stakes, stumps,
or the like, connected by wires, ropes, or the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>An obstruction of cables
and spars across a river or harbor entrance.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>En"ter*ing</hw> , or <hw>En"trant, edge</hw>  }. <def>=
<u>Advancing edge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>En*tire"-wheat"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating,
made of, or relating to, flour including a considerable part of the
bran.</def></p>

<p><hw>||En`tou`rage"</hw> (&auml;N`t&oomac;`r&adot;zh"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Surroundings; specif., collectively,
one's attendants or associates.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>entourage</i> and mode of life of the mikados
were not such as to make of them able rulers.</blockquote>  <i>B. H.
Chamberlain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ep"worth League</hw> (?). <def>A religious organization of
Methodist young people, founded in 1889 at Cleveland, Ohio, and taking
its name from John Wesley's birthplace, Epworth, Lincolnshire,
England.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"qual*iz`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>= <u>Equalizing bar</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A device, as a bar, for operating two
brakes, esp. a pair of hub brakes for an automobile, with equal
force.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Any device for equalizing
the pull of electromagnets; also, a conductor of low resistance
joining the armature ends of the series field coils of dynamos
connected in parallel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A sliding panel
to preserve the lateral stability of an a&euml;roplane.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ra"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instance of
erasing; also, the place where something has been erased.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"bi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Named from
<i>Ytterby</i>, in Sweden, where gadolinite is found. Cf.
<u>Terbium</u>, <u>Yttrium</u>, <u>Ytterbium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A metallic element of the rare earth group, found in gadolinite
and some other minerals. Symbol, <i>Er</i>; at. wt. 167.4. Its salts
are rose-colored and give characteristic spectra.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"gal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr. Gr. &?; work.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Potential energy; negative value of the force
function.</def></p>

<p><hw>Erg"me`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Erg</i> + <i>-
meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring energy
in ergs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Er"go*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; work + <i>-
graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for measuring and recording the work
done by a single muscle or set of muscles, the rate of fatigue,
etc.</def> -- <wf>Er`go*graph"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Er*gom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; work +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A device for measuring, or an
instrument for indicating, energy expended or work done; a
dynamometer.</def> -- <wf>Er`go*met"ric</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Er"gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; work.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Work, measured in terms of
the quantity of heat to which it is equivalent.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>= <u>Erg</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rode"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Geol. &amp; Phys.
Geog.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To wear away; as, streams and
glaciers <i>erode</i> the land.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To
produce by erosion, or wearing away; as, glaciers <i>erode</i>
<universbold>U</universbold>-shaped valleys.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*ro"sion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The wearing away of
the earth's surface by any natural process. The chief agent of erosion
is running water; minor agents are glaciers, the wind, and waves
breaking against the coast.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*rupt"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Eruption</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>To eject something, esp.
lava, water, etc., as a volcano or geyser.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To burst forth; to break out, as ashes
from a volcano, teeth through the gums, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the amount and power of the steam is equal to the
demand, it <i>erupts</i> with violence through the lava flood and
gives us a small volcano.</blockquote>  <i>H. J. W. Dam.</i></p>

<p><hw>Es"ca*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. Cf.
<u>Escalade</u>.] <def>A stairway or incline arranged like an endless
belt so that the steps or treads ascend or descend continuously, and
one stepping upon it is carried up or down; -- a trade term.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es*cape"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant
which has escaped from cultivation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`o*ter"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Marked by
secrecy or privacy; private; select; confidential; as, an
<i>esoteric</i> purpose; an <i>esoteric</i> meeting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`o*ter"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Philos.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An esoteric doctrine or treatise; esoteric
philosophy; esoterics.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One who
believes, or is an initiate, in esoteric doctrines or rites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Es`pe*ran"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An artificial
language, intended to be universal, devised by Dr. Zamenhof, a
Russian, who adopted the pseudonym "Dr. Esperanto" in publishing his
first pamphlet regarding it in 1887. The vocabulary is very largely
based upon words common to the chief European languages, and sounds
peculiar to any one language are eliminated. The spelling is phonetic,
and the accent (stress) is always on the penult.</def> --
<wf>Es`pe*ran"tist</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Es*tab"lished suit</hw>. <i>(Whist)</i> <def>A plain suit in
which a player (or side) could, except for trumping, take tricks with
all his remaining cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Es`ta`mi`net"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
caf&eacute;, or room in a caf&eacute;, in which smoking is
allowed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Et"a*mine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>&eacute;lamine</i>.] <def>A light textile fabric, like a fine
bunting.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&Eacute;`tape"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. Cf.
<u>Staple</u> a mart.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>A public
storehouse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Supplies issued to troops on the
march;</def> hence <i>(Mil.)</i>, <def>the place where troops on the
march halt over night; also, by extension, the distance marched during
a day.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>In Russia, a prison or stockade for the
confinement of prisoners in transit.</def></p>

<p><hw>E"thos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;
character. See <u>Ethic</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <def>The character,
sentiment, or disposition of a community or people, considered as a
natural endowment; the spirit which actuates manners and customs;
also, the characteristic tone or genius of an institution or social
organization.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(&AElig;sthetics)</i> <def>The traits in a
work of art which express the ideal or typic character -- character as
influenced by the <i>ethos</i> (sense 1) of a people -- rather than
realistic or emotional situations or individual character in a narrow
sense; -- opposed to <i>pathos</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eth"y*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Ethylated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ethylating</u>.] [From <u>Ethyl</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>To treat
in such a way as to cause the introduction of one or more ethyl
groups, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>; as, to <i>ethylate</i>
alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>eu-</i> +
<i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The quality or condition of
having strong reproductive powers; generation with full fertility
between different species or races, specif. between hybrids of the
first generation.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Eur*af"ric</hw> (?), <hw>Eur*af"ri*can</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [<i>Europe</i> + <i>Afric</i>, <i>African</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, the continents of Europe and Africa combined.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;geography)</i> <def>Pert. to or
designating a region including most of Europe and northern Africa
south to the Sahara.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Of European and African descent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*ro"pi*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; <i>Europe</i>
+ <i>-ium</i>, as in alumin<i>ium</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A metallic
element of the rare-earth group, discovered spectroscopically by
Demarcay in 1896. Symbol, <i>Eu</i>; at. wt., 152.0.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eu*tec"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>e'y`thktos</grk> easily melted; <grk>e'y^</grk> well +
<grk>th`kein</grk> to melt.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Of maximum
fusibility; -- said of an alloy or mixture which has the lowest
melting point which it is possible to obtain by the combination of the
given components.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Eu*tex"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a
being easily melted.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The principle or process
of forming from given components the eutectic alloy, or alloy of
maximum fusibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vag"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>evaginatus</i>, p. p., unsheathed. See <u>Evagination</u>.]
<def>Protruded, or grown out, as an evagination; turned inside out;
unsheathed; evaginated; as, an <i>evaginate</i> membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vag"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Evaginated</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Evaginating</u>.] <def>To become evaginate; to
cause to be evaginate.</def></p>

<p><hw>E*vag`i*na"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An outgrowth or
protruded part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Evergreen State</hw>. <def>Washington; -- a nickname alluding
to the abundance of evergreen trees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`al*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>An abnormal sense of personal well-being, power, or importance, -
- a symptom observed in various forms of insanity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*change" ed"i*tor</hw>. <def>An editor who inspects, and
culls from, periodicals, or exchanges, for his own
publication.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*cite"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To
energize (an electro-magnet); to produce a magnetic field in; as, to
<i>excite</i> a dynamo.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ex` li"bris</hw> (?). [L. <i>ex</i> from + <i>libris</i>
books.] <def>An inscription, label, or the like, in a book indicating
its ownership; esp., a bookplate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"moor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [From <i>Exmoor</i>, a
district in Somersetshire and Devonshire.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of a breed of horned sheep of Devonshire, England, having
white legs and face and black nostrils. They are esp. valuable for
mutton.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A breed of ponies native to the Exmoor
district.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`o*ther"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>exo-</i>
+ <i>thermic</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Characterized by, or formed
with, evolution of heat; as, an <i>exothermic</i> reaction; -- opposed
to <i>endothermic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*pe"ri*ence ta"ble</hw>. <i>(Life Insurance)</i> <def>A table
of mortality computed from the experience of one or more life-
insurance companies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*press" ri"fle</hw>. <def>A sporting rifle for use at short
ranges, employing a large charge of powder and a light (short) bullet,
giving a high initial velocity and consequently a flat trajectory. It
is usually of moderately large caliber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Express train</hw>. <def>Formerly, a railroad train run
expressly for the occasion; a special train; now, a train run at
express or special speed and making few stops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*sert"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Exserted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Exserting</u>.] [See <u>Exsert</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>,
<u>Exert</u>.] <def>To thrust out; to protrude; as, some worms are
said to <i>exsert</i> the proboscis.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1981 !></p>

<p><hw>||Ex`terne"</hw> (&ebreve;ks`t&ebreve;rn"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An extern; esp;, a doctor or medical
student who is in attendance upon, or is assisting at, a hospital, but
who does not reside in it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex"tra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something in addition to what is due, expected, or customary;
esp., an added charge or fee, or something for which an additional
charge is made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An edition of a newspaper issued at a time
other than the regular one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>A run, as from a bye,
credited to the general score but not made from a hit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>Something of an extra quality or
grade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tract"or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A centrifugal drying machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Apiculture)</i> <def>A machine for clearing
combs of honey; also, a device for rendering wax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex`tra*ju*di"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Out of or
beyond the power authority of a court or judge; beyond jurisdiction;
not valid as a part of a judicial proceeding; as, <i>extrajudicial</i>
oaths, judgments, etc., are null and void.</def> --
<wf>Ex`tra*ju*di"cial*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Extrajudicial conveyance</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>A conveyance,
as by deed, effected by the act of the parties and not involving, as
in the fine and recovery, judicial proceedings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav"a*sate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Extravasate</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To
pass by infiltration or effusion from the normal channel, such as a
blood vessel or a lymphatic, into the surrounding tissue; -- said of
blood, lymph, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trav`a*sa"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>The issue of lava and other volcanic products from the
earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*trude"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Metallurgy)</i>
<def>To shape or form by forcing metal heated to a semi-plastic
condition through dies by the use of hydraulic power; as,
<i>extruded</i> metal, <i>extruded</i> rods, <i>extruded</i>
shapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*tru"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Extrude</u>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Forced out at the surface; as,
<i>extrusive</i> rocks; -- contrasted with <i>intrusive</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ex*u"date</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A product of
exudation; an exuded substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Eye"-mind`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having one's
mental imagery prevailingly of the visual type; having one's thoughts
and memories mainly in the form of visual images.</def> -- <wf>Eye"-
mind`ed*ness</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Eye opener</hw>. <def>That which makes the eyes open, as
startling news or occurrence, or (U. S. Slang), a drink of liquor,
esp. the first one in the morning.</def></p>

<p><point26>F.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Fa"bi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of, or
sympathizer with, the Fabian Society.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fa"bi*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Of
or pertaining to the Roman gens Fabia.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Designating, or pertaining to, a society
of socialists, organized in England in 1884 to spread socialistic
principles gradually without violent agitation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Fabian</i> Society proposes then to conquer by
delay; to carry its programme, not by a hasty rush, but through the
slower, but, as it thinks, surer methods of patient discussion,
exposition, and political action.</blockquote>  <i>William
Clarke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fac"ul*ta*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>facultas</i>, <i>-atis</i>, faculty: cf. F. <i>facultatif</i>, G.
<i>fakultativ</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having relation to the
grant or exercise faculty, or authority, privilege, license, or the
like hence, optional; as, <i>facultative</i> enactments, or those
which convey a faculty, or permission; the <i>facultative</i>
referendum of Switzerland is one that is optional with the people and
is necessary only when demanded by petition; <i>facultative</i>
studies; -- opposed to <i>obligatory</i> and <i>compulsory</i>, and
sometimes used with <i>to</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Of such a character as to admit of
existing under various forms or conditions, or of happening or not
happening, or the like;</def> specif.: <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Having the
power to live under different conditions; as, a <i>facultative</i>
parasite, a plant which is normally saprophytic, but which may exist
wholly or in part as a parasite; -- opposed to
<i>obligate</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to a faculty
or faculties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In short, there is no <i>facultative</i> plurality in
the mind; it is a single organ of true judgment for all purposes,
cognitive or practical.</blockquote>  <i>J. Martineau.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fa`daise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A vapid or
meaningless remark; a commonplace; nonsense.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fai"ne*ance</hw> (?), <hw>Fai"ne*an*cy</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. OF. <i>faineance</i>. See
<u>Fain&eacute;ant</u>.] <def>Do-nothingness; inactivity;
indolence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The mask of sneering <i>faineance</i> was
gone.</blockquote>  <i>C. Kingsley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fain&eacute;ant deity</hw>. <def>A deity recognized as real but
conceived as not acting in human affairs, hence not
worshiped.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fair catch</hw>. <i>(Football)</i> <def>A catch made by a
player on side who makes a prescribed signal that he will not attempt
to advance the ball when caught. He must not then be interfered
with.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Often erroneously
written <i>fakir</i>.] <def>One who fakes something, as a thief, a
peddler of petty things, a workman who dresses things up, etc.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Fa"kir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. confused with
<u>Fakir</u> an oriental ascetic.] <def>See <u>Faker</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fan"-tan`</hw> (f&abreve;n"t&abreve;n`), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Chinese (of Canton) in <i>an-tan-kun</i> gambling house.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Chinese gambling game in which coins or
other small objects are placed upon a table, usually under a cup, and
the players bet as to what remainder will be left when the sum of the
counters is divided by four.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A game with playing cards in which the
cards are played in sequences upon the table, the one who first gets
rid of his cards being the winner.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fan*tigue"</hw> (?), <hw>Fan*tique"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>fanteague</i>, <i>fanteeg</i>,
etc.] [Cf. <u>Fantod</u>.] <def>State of worry or excitment; fidget;
ill humor.</def> [Prov. Eng.]  <i>Dickens.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fan"tod</hw> (?), <hw>Fan"tad</hw> (?), }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Fantigue</u>.] <def>State of worry or
excitement; fidget; fuss; also, indisposition; pet; sulks.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Far"a*dize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Faradized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Faradizing</u> (?).] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To stimulate
with, or subject to, faradic, or inducted, electric currents.</def> --
<wf>Far"a*diz`er</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Fa`ran`dole"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>farandole</i>, Pr. <i>farandoulo</i>.] <def>A rapid dance in six-
eight time in which a large number join hands and dance in various
figures, sometimes moving from room to room. It originated in
Provence.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I have pictured them dancing a sort of
<i>farandole</i>.</blockquote>  <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fas"ci*cle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of the divisions
of a book published in parts; fasciculus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fas"ci*cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Fascicle</u>.] <def>A small bunch or bundle; a fascicle; as, a
<i>fascicule</i> of fibers, hairs, or spines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fast</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In such a condition, as to
resilience, etc., as to make possible unusual rapidity of play or
action; as, a <i>fast</i> racket, or tennis court; a <i>fast</i>
track; a <i>fast</i> billiard table, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fault</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A defective point in an electric circuit due to a
crossing of the parts of the conductor, or to contact with another
conductor or the earth, or to a break in the circuit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Geol. &amp; Mining)</i> <def>A dislocation
caused by a slipping of rock masses along a plane of facture; also,
the dislocated structure resulting from such slipping.</def></p>

<p>The surface along which the dislocated masses have moved is called
the <col><b>fault plane</b></col>. When this plane is vertical, the
fault is a <col><b>vertical fault</b></col>; when its inclination is
such that the present relative position of the two masses could have
been produced by the sliding down, along the fault plane, of the mass
on its upper side, the fault is a <col><b>normal</b></col>, or
<col><b>gravity</b></col>, <col><b>fault</b></col>. When the fault
plane is so inclined that the mass on its upper side has moved up
relatively, the fault is then called a <col><b>reverse</b></col> (or
<col><b>reversed</b></col>), <col><b>thrust</b></col>, or
<col><b>overthrust</b></col>, <col><b>fault</b></col>. If no vertical
displacement has resulted, the fault is then called a
<col><b>horizontal fault</b></col>. The linear extent of the
dislocation measured on the fault plane and in the direction of
movement is the <col><b>displacement</b></col>; the vertical
displacement is the <col><b>throw</b></col>; the horizontal
displacement is the <col><b>heave</b></col>. The direction of the line
of intersection of the fault plane with a horizontal plane is the
<col><b>trend</b></col> of the fault. A fault is a <col><b>strike
fault</b></col> when its trend coincides approximately with the strike
of associated strata (i.e., the line of intersection of the plane of
the strata with a horizontal plane); it is a <col><b>dip
fault</b></col> when its trend is at right angles to the strike; an
<col><b>oblique fault</b></col> when its trend is oblique to the
strike. Oblique faults and dip faults are sometimes called
<col><b>cross faults</b></col>. A series of closely associated
parallel faults are sometimes called <col><b>step faults</b></col> and
sometimes <col><b>distributive faults</b></col>.</p>

<p><hw>Fa`vier" ex*plo"sive</hw> (?). [After the inventor, P. A.
<i>Favier</i>, a Frenchman.] <def>Any of several explosive mixtures,
chiefly of ammonium nitrate and a nitrate derivative of naphthalene.
They are stable, but require protection from moisture. As prepared it
is a compressed cylinder of the explosive, filled with loose powder of
the same composition, all inclosed in waterproof wrappers. It is used
for mining.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er*bone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A substitute
for whalebone, made from the quills of geese and turkeys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feath"er*stitch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
embroidery stitch producing a branching zigzag line.</def></p>

<p><hw>Feck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbrev. fr.
<i>effect</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Effect.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Efficacy; force; value.</def> [Scot. &
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Amount; quantity.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He had a <i>feck</i> o' books wi' him.</blockquote>
<i>R. L. Stevenson.</i></p>

<p><col><b>The most feck</b></col>, or <col><b>The feck</b></col>,
<cd>the greater or larger part.</cd> "The <i>feck</i> o' my life."
<i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fehm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>||Fehm"ge*richt`</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Vehm</u>, <u>Vehmgericht</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>F&ecirc;ng"-hwang`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin.
<i>feng</i> + <i>'huang</i>.] <i>(Chinese Myth.)</i> <def>A
pheasantlike bird of rich plumage and graceful form and movement,
fabled to appear in the land on the accession of a sage to the throne,
or when right principles are about to prevail. It is often represented
on porcelains and other works of art.</def></p>

<p><hw>F&ecirc;ng"-shu`i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin.
<i>feng</i> wind + <i>shiu</i> water.] <def>A system of spirit
influences for good and evil believed by the Chinese to attend the
natural features of landscape; also, a kind of geomancy dealing with
these influences, used in determining sites for graves, houses,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer`men*ta"tion the"o*ry</hw>. <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The theory
which likens the course of certain diseases (esp. infectious diseases)
to the process of fermentation, and attributes them to the organized
ferments in the body. It does not differ materially from the accepted
<i>germ theory</i> (which see).</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"me*ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>fermer</i> to close.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The mechanism for closing
the breech of a breech-loading firearm, in artillery consisting
principally of the breechblock, obturator, and carrier ring.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fer*ran"ti ca"bles</hw> (?), <hw>Fer*ran"ti mains"</hw> (?)
}. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A form of conductor, designed by
<i>Ferranti</i>, for currents of high potential, and consisting of
concentric tubes of copper separated by an insulating material
composed of paper saturated with black mineral wax.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer*ran"ti phe*nom"e*non</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An increase
in the ratio of transformation of an alternating current converter,
accompanied by other changes in electrical conditions, occurring when
the secondary of the converter is connected with a condenser of
moderate capacity; -- so called because first observed in connection
with the Ferranti cables in London.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ris wheel</hw> (?). <def>An amusement device consisting of
a giant power-driven steel wheel, revolvable on its stationary axle,
and carrying a number of balanced passenger cars around its rim; -- so
called after G. W. G. Ferris, American engineer, who erected the first
of its kind for the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in
1893.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fer"ro-con"crete</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch. &
Engin.)</i> <def>Concrete strengthened by a core or foundation
skeleton of iron or steel bars, strips, etc. Floors, columns, piles,
water pipes, etc., have been successfully made of it. Called also
<i>armored concrete steel</i>, and <i>re&euml;nforced
concrete</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fies"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. See <u>Feast</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Among Spanish, a religious festival; a
saint's day or holiday; also, a holiday or festivity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Even . . . a bullfight is a <i>fiesta</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Am. Dialect Notes.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Some <i>fiesta</i>, when all the surrounding population
were expected to turn out in holiday dress for merriment.</blockquote>
<i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fig"u*line</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>figulinus</i>.
See <u>Figulate</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Suitable for the making
of pottery; fictile; -- said of clay.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Made of clay, as by the potter; -- said of
vessels, ornamental figures, or the like; as, <i>figuline</i>
ware.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*la"ri*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or caused by,
filari&aelig; and allied parasitic worms.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Straight, as if in a line; as, the
<i>filarial</i> flight of birds.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fil`a*ri"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The presence of filari&aelig; in the blood;
infection with filari&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*lasse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>fil</i>
thread, L. <i>filum</i>.] <def>Vegetable fiber, as jute or ramie,
prepared for manufacture.</def></p>

<p><hw>File" clos`er</hw>. <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A commissioned or
noncommissioned officer posted in the rear of a line, or on the flank
of a column, of soldiers, to rectify mistakes and insure steadiness
and promptness in the ranks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil`i*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Descent from, or as if from, a parent; relationship like that of
a son; as, to determine the <i>filiation</i> of a language.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One that is derived from a parent or
source; an offshoot; as, the <i>filiations</i> are from a common
stock.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fil`i*o"que</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.
Hist.)</i> <def>The Latin for, "and from the Son," equivalent to <i>et
filio</i>, inserted by the third council of Toledo (<u>a. d.</u> 589)
in the clause <i>qui ex Patre procedit</i> (who proceedeth from the
Father) of the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed (<u>a. d.</u> 381),
which makes a creed state that the Holy Ghost proceeds from the Son as
well as from the Father. Hence, the doctrine itself (not admitted by
the Eastern Church).</def></p>

<p><hw>Fil`i*pi"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Filipinos</b></plw> (#). [Sp.] <def>A native of the Philippine
Islands, specif. one of Spanish descent or of mixed blood.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then there are <i>Filipinos</i>, -- "children of the
country," they are called, -- who are supposed to be pure-blooded
descendants of Spanish settlers. But there are few of them without
some touch of Chinese or native blood.</blockquote>  <i>The
Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which fills; filling;
specif., an embankment, as in railroad construction, to fill a hollow
or ravine; also, the place which is to be filled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Filled cheese</hw>. <def>An inferior kind of cheese made from
skim milk with a fatty "filling," such as oleomargarine or lard, to
replace the fat removed in the cream.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fill"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A composition, as of powdered silica and oil,
used to fill the pores and grain of wood before applying paint,
varnish, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Forestry)</i> <def>Any standing tree or
standard higher than the surrounding coppice in the form of forest
known as <i>coppice under standards</i>. Chiefly used in the
<i>pl</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Film</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>The
layer, usually of gelatin or collodion, containing the sensitive salts
of photographic plates; also, the flexible sheet of celluloid or the
like on which this layer is sometimes mounted.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Celluloid film</b></col> <i>(Photog.)</i>, <cd>a thin
flexible sheet of celluloid, coated with a sensitized emulsion of
gelatin, and used as a substitute for photographic plates.</cd> --
<col><b>Cut film</b></col> <i>(Photog.)</i>, <cd>a celluloid film cut
into pieces suitable for use in a camera.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Fil`o*selle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., floss silk.]
<def>A kind of silk thread less glossy than floss, and spun from
coarser material. It is much used in embroidery instead of
floss.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fils</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L.
<i>filius</i>. See <u>Filial</u>.] <def>Son; -- sometimes used after a
French proper name to distinguish a son from his father, as, Alexandre
Dumas, <i>fils</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A
fixed stabilizing surface, usually vertical, similar in purpose to a
bilge keel on a ship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi"nal*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Sports)</i>
<def>Any of the players who meet in the final round of a tournament in
which the losers in any round do not play again.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fi*nance"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Financed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Financing</u>.] <def>To conduct the finances of; to
provide for, and manage, the capital for; to financier.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Securing foreign capital to <i>finance</i>
multitudinous undertakings.</blockquote>  <i>B. H.
Chamberlain.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin"bat kite</hw> (?). <def>= <u>Eddy kite</u>.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Find"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Micros.)</i> <def>A
slide ruled in squares, so as to assist in locating particular points
in the field of vision.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fin` de si&egrave;"cle</hw> (?). [F.] <def>Lit., end of the
century; -- mostly used adjectively in English to signify: belonging
to, or characteristic of, the close of the 19th century; modern; "up-
to-date;" as, <i>fin-de-si&egrave;cle</i> ideas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fine</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Finely; well; elegantly; fully; delicately; mincingly.</def>
[Obs., Dial., or Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Billiards &amp; Pool)</i> <def>In a manner so
that the driven ball strikes the object ball so far to one side as to
be deflected but little, the object ball being driven to one
side.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1982 !></p>

<p><hw>Fine</hw> (f&imacr;n), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To become
fine (in any one of various senses); as, the ale will <i>fine</i>; the
weather <i>fined</i>.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To fine</b></col> <col><b>away, down, off</b></col>,
<cd>gradually to become fine; to diminish; to dwindle.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>I watched her [the ship] . . . gradually <i>fining</i>
down in the westward until I lost of her hull.</blockquote>  <i>W. C.
Russel.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fin*jan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>fingan</i>,
<i>findjan</i>, <i>fingian</i>, etc.] [Ar. <i>finj&amacr;n</i>.]
<def>In the Levant, a small coffee cup without a handle, such as is
held in a cup or stand called a <i>zarf</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin keel</hw>. <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A projection downward from
the keel of a yacht, resembling in shape the fin of a fish, though
often with a cigar-shaped bulb of lead at the bottom, and generally
made of metal. Its use is to ballast the boat and also to enable her
to sail close to the wind and to make the least possible leeway by
offering great resistance to lateral motion through the
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fin"sen light</hw> (?). [After Prof. Niels R. <i>Finsen</i> (b.
1860), Danish physician.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Highly actinic light,
derived from sunlight or from some form of electric lamp, used in the
treatment of lupus and other cutaneous affections.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"ball`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ball, or globular,
lightning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fire"room`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Stokehold</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fir"ing pin`</hw>. <def>In the breech mechanism of a firearm,
the pin which strikes the head of the cartridge and explodes
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Flache`rie"</hw> (fl&adot;sh`r&emacr;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>A bacterial disease of silkworms, supposed to be due to
eating contaminated mulberry leaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fla"con</hw> (fl&adot;"k&ocirc;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
See <u>Flagon</u>.] <def>A small glass bottle; as, a <i>flacon</i> for
perfume.</def> "Two glass <i>flacons</i> for the ink."
<i>Longfellow.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of
the wing feathers next the body of a bird; -- called also <i>flag
feather</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To decoy (game) by
waving a flag, handkerchief, or the like to arouse the animal's
curiosity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The antelope are getting continually shyer and more
difficult to <i>flag</i>.</blockquote>  <i>T. Roosevelt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flair</hw> (fl&acirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE.
<i>flaire</i>odor, fr. OF. &amp; F. <i>flair</i>, fr. OF. <i>flairier</i>,
F. <i>flairer</i>, to smell, LL. <i>flagrare</i> for L.
<i>fragrare</i>. See <u>Flagrant</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Smell;
odor.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Sense of smell; scent; fig.,
discriminating sense.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flake</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etym. uncertain; cf. 1st
<u>Fake</u>.] <def>A flat layer, or fake, of a coiled cable.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Flake</i> after <i>flake</i> ran out of the tubs,
until we were compelled to hand the end of our line to the second
mate.</blockquote>  <i>F. T. Bullen.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Flam`b&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p.p. of
<i>flamber</i> to singe, pass (a thing) through flame. Cf.
<u>Flambeau</u>.] <i>(Ceramics)</i> <def>Decorated by glaze splashed
or irregularly spread upon the surface, or apparently applied at the
top and allowed to run down the sides; -- said of pieces of Chinese
porcelain.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fl&acirc;`ne*rie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fl&acirc;nerie</i>. See <u>Flaneur</u>.] <def>Lit., strolling;
sauntering; hence, aimless; idleness; as, intellectual
<i>fl&acirc;nerie</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flan"nel flow`er</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The common mullein.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A Brazilian
apocynaceous vine (<i>Macrosiphonia longiflora</i>) having woolly
leaves.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>An umbelliferous Australian
flower (<i>Actinotus helianthi</i>), often erroneously thought to be
composite. The involucre looks as if cut out of white
flannel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flare</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A defect
in a photographic objective such that an image of the stop, or
diaphragm, appears as a fogged spot in the center of the developed
negative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flare"-up`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sudden bursting
into flame; a flaring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flash boiler</hw>. <def>A variety of water-tube boiler, used
chiefly in steam automobiles, consisting of a nest of strong tubes
with very little water space, kept nearly red hot so that the water as
it trickles drop by drop into the tubes is immediately flashed into
steam and superheated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flash burner</hw>. <def>A gas burner with a device for lighting
by an electric spark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Golf)</i> <def>Having a head at a very obtuse angle to the shaft;
-- said of a club.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>Not having an inflectional
ending or sign, as a noun used as an adjective, or an adjective as an
adverb, without the addition of a formative suffix, or an infinitive
without the sign <i>to</i>. Many flat adverbs, as in run <i>fast</i>,
buy <i>cheap</i>, are from AS. adverbs in <i>-&euml;</i>, the loss of
this ending having made them like the adjectives. Some having forms in
<i>ly</i>, such as <i>exceeding</i>, <i>wonderful</i>, <i>true</i>,
are now archaic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>Flattening at the ends; --
said of certain fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flat"ware`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Articles for the
table, as china or silverware, that are more or less flat, as
distinguished from <i>hollow ware</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleet</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To move
or change in position; -- said of persons; as, the crew <i>fleeted</i>
aft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fleet"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To
move or change in position; used only in special phrases; as, of
<i>fleet aft</i> the crew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We got the long "stick" . . . down and "<i>fleeted</i>"
aft, where it was secured.</blockquote>  <i>F. T. Bullen.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Fleu`ron"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. OF.
<i>floron</i>. Cf. <u>Floroon</u>.] <def>A flower-shaped ornament,
esp. one terminating an object or forming one of a series, as a knob
of a cover to a dish, or a flower-shaped part in a necklace.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flick</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To throw, snap, or
toss with a jerk; to flirt; as, to <i>flick</i> a whiplash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Rude boys were <i>flicking</i> butter pats across
chaos.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Flick</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <def>A light quick stroke or blow, esp. with something
pliant; a flirt; also, the sound made by such a blow.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She actually took the whip out of his hand and gave a
<i>flick</i> to the pony.</blockquote>  <i>Mrs. Humphry Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fli"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An a&euml;roplane or
flying machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flitch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Flitched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Flitching</u>.] [See <u>Flitch</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To
cut into, or off in, flitches or strips; as, to <i>flitch</i> logs; to
<i>flitch</i> bacon.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Flite</hw>, <hw>Flyte</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [AS.
<i>fl&imacr;t</i>. See <u>Flite</u>.] <def>Strife; dispute; abusive or
upbraiding talk, as in fliting; wrangling.</def> [Obs. or Scot. &
Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The bird of Pallas has also a good "<i>flyte</i>" on
the moral side . . . in his suggestion that the principal effect of
the nightingale's song is to make women false to their
husbands.</blockquote>  <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Flitt"ing</hw>, <hw>Flytt"ing</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Contention; strife; scolding; specif., a
kind of metrical contest between two persons, popular in Scotland in
the 16th century.</def> [Obs. or Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These "<i>flytings</i>" consisted of alternate torrents
of sheer Billingsgate poured upon each other by the
combatants.</blockquote>  <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Float"er</hw>. <i>(Politics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
voter who shifts from party to party, esp. one whose vote is
purchasable.</def> [U. S.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A person, as a
delegate to a convention or a member of a legislature, who represents
an irregular constituency, as one formed by a union of the voters of
two counties neither of which has a number sufficient to be allowed a
(or an extra) representative of its own.</def> [U. S.]
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A person who votes illegally in various
polling places or election districts, either under false registration
made by himself or under the name of some properly registered person
who has not already voted.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Float"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The process of
rendering oysters and scallops plump by placing them in fresh or
brackish water; -- called also <i>fattening</i>, <i>plumping</i>, and
<i>laying out</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Floating charge</hw>, <hw>lien</hw>, etc. } <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A charge, lien, etc., that successively attaches to such assets
as a person may have from time to time, leaving him more or less free
to dispose of or encumber them as if no such charge or lien
existed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floc"cu*late</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convert
into floccules or flocculent aggregates; to make granular or crumbly;
as, the <i>flocculating</i> of a soil improves its mechanical
condition.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When applied to clay soils it [lime] binds the small
particles together, or <i>flocculates</i> them.</blockquote>  <i>I. P.
Roberts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Floc"cule</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Flocculus</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A detached mass of loosely
fibrous structure like a shredded tuft of wool.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Specif.: A small particle of
an insoluble substance formed in a liquid by the union of smaller
particles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Floc"cu*lent</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Having a structure like shredded wool, as some
precipitates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of the same origin as
<i>flawn</i>, <i>flan</i>, a metal disk.] <i>(Stereotyping)</i> <def>A
compressed mass of paper sheets, forming a matrix or mold for
stereotype plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo`ri*a"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Ornamentation by means of flower forms, whether closely imitated
or conventionalized.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>Any floral ornament or decoration.</def>
<i>Rock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Floss</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A body feather of an
ostrich. Flosses are soft, and gray from the female and black from the
male.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flo*ta"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Com. &amp; Finance)</i>
<def>Act of financing, or floating, a commercial venture or an issue
of bonds, stock, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flotation process</hw>. <def>A process of separating the
substances contained in pulverized ore or the like by depositing the
mixture on the  surface of a flowing liquid, the substances that are
quickly wet readily overcoming the surface tension of the liquid and
sinking, the others flowing off in a film or slime on the surface,
though, perhaps, having a greater specific gravity than those that
sink.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flow"er State</hw>. <def>  Florida; -- a nickname, alluding to
sense of L. <i>floridus</i>, from <i>florida</i> flowery. See
<u>Florid</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flue</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In an organ flue pipe, the
opening between the lower lip and the languet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flue pipe</hw>. <i>(Music)</i> <def>A pipe, esp. an organ pipe,
whose tone is produced by the impinging of a current of air upon an
edge, or lip, causing a wave motion in the air within; a mouth pipe; -
- distinguished from <i>reed pipe</i>. Flue pipes are either open or
closed (stopped at the distant end). The flute and flageolet are open
pipes; a bottle acts as a closed pipe when one blows across the neck.
The organ has both open and closed flue pipes, those of metal being
usually round in section, and those of wood triangular or
square.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fluff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To make or
become fluffy; to move lightly like fluff.</def>  <i>Holmes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fluke</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Fluked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Fluking</u> (?).] <def>To get or score by a fluke; as, to
<i>fluke</i> a play in billiards.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Flu`o*res"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A property
possessed by fluor spar, uranium glass, sulphide of calcium, and many
other substances, of glowing without appreciable rise of temperature
when exposed to light or to ultra-violet rays, cathode rays, X rays,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu*or"o*scope</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>A fluorescent screen, with hood to protect the eyes, used for
observing the shadows cast by objects placed in the path of the X
rays.</def> -- <wf>Flu*or`o*scop"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Flu`or*os"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Examination
of an object, as the human body, by exposing it to the X rays and
observing the shadow cast upon a fluorescent screen;
cryptoscopy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flush</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause by flow; to
draw water from, or pour it over or through (a pond, meadow, sewer,
etc.); to cleanse by means of a rush of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flush</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To operate a placer mine, where the
continuous supply of water is insufficient, by holding back the water,
and releasing it periodically in a flood.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>To fill underground spaces, especially in coal mines, with
material carried by water, which, after drainage, constitutes a
compact mass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu"vi*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fluvius</i> river + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for
measuring and recording automatically the rise and fall of a
river.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flu`vi*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>fluvius</i> river + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for
measuring the height of water in a river; a river gauge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fly</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To manage (an aircraft)
in flight; as, to <i>fly</i> an a&euml;roplane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cotton Manuf.)</i>
<def>Waste cotton.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fly amanita</hw>, <hw>Fly fungus</hw>  }. <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A poisonous mushroom (<i>Amanita muscaria</i>, syn. <i>Agaricus
muscarius</i>), having usually a bright red or yellowish cap covered
with irregular white spots. It has a distinct volva at the base,
generally an upper ring on the stalk, and white spores. Called also
<i>fly agaric</i>, <i>deadly amanita</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fly"a*way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Disposed to fly
away; flighty; unrestrained; light and free; -- used of both persons
and things.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A flyaway person or
thing.</def> "Truth is such a <i>flyaway</i>." <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Flyaway grass</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The hair grass
(<i>Agrostis scabra</i>). So called from its light panicle, which is
blown to great distances by the wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Flying boat</hw>. <def>A compact form of hydro-a&euml;roplane
having one central body, or hull.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Foehn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. dial. (Swiss), fr.
L. <i>Favonius</i> west wind. Cf. <u>Favonian</u>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A warm dry wind that often blows in the
northern valleys of the Alps, due to the indraught of a storm center
passing over Central Europe. The wind, heated by compression in its
descent from the mountains, reaches the base, particularly in winter,
dry and warm.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any similar wind, as the
chinook, in other parts of the world.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>Cloudiness or partial opacity of those parts of a developed film
or a photograph which should be clear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fog</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>To
render semiopaque or cloudy, as a negative film, by exposure to stray
light, too long an exposure to the developer, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fog belt</hw>. <def>A region of the ocean where fogs are of
marked frequency, as near the coast of Newfoundland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fog"bow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A nebulous arch,
or bow, of white or yellowish light sometimes seen in fog,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>In the
United States service, extra pay granted to officers for length of
service.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Fol"ke*thing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. See
<u>Folk</u>, and <u>Thing</u>.] <def>The lower house of the Danish
Rigsdag, or Parliament. See <u>Legislature</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fol"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The art or process
of following; specif., in some games, as billiards, a stroke causing a
ball to follow another ball after hitting it. Also used adjectively;
as, <i>follow</i> shot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Following edge</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>See
<u>Advancing-edge</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Following surface</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>See
<u>Advancing-surface</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fo"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Fomentation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>State of excitation; -- perh. confused
with <i>ferment</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He came in no conciliatory mood, and the <i>foment</i>
was kept up.</blockquote>  <i>Julian Ralph.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. L. <i>fundus</i>.
See <u>Fund</u>.] [Obs., or used as a French word] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Foundation; bottom; groundwork;</def> specif.:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Lace Making)</i> <def>The ground.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>The broth or juice from
braised flesh or fish, usually served as a sauce.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Fund, stock, or store.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fon"dant</hw> (f&obreve;n"d<i>a</i>nt; Fr.
f&ocirc;N`d&auml;N"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., lit., melting, p. pr.
of <i>fondre</i> to melt, L. <i>fundere</i>. See <u>Found</u> to
cast.] <def>A kind of soft sweetmeat made by boiling solutions to the
point of crystallization, usually molded; as, cherry
<i>fondant</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fon`du"</hw> (f&obreve;n"d&usdot;"), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.
<i>fondu</i>, p.p. of <i>fondre</i> to melt, blend. See <u>Found</u>
to cast.] <def>Blended; passing into each other by subtle gradations;
-- said of colors or of the surface or material on which the colors
are laid.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fon`due"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also erroneously
<i><hw>Fon`du"</hw></i>.] [F. See <u>Fondu</u>; cf. <u>Fondant</u>.]
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A dish made of cheese, eggs, butter, etc.,
melted together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot candle</hw>. <i>(Photom.)</i> <def>The amount of
illumination produced by a standard candle at a distance of one
foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot ton</hw>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A unit of energy or work,
being equal to the work done in raising one ton against the force of
gravity through the height of one foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foot valve</hw>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A suction valve or check
valve at the lower end of a pipe; esp., such a valve in a steam-engine
condenser opening to the air pump.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foo"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Foozled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Foozling</u> (?).] [Cf. G. <i>fuseln</i> to work badly or slowly.]
<def>To bungle; to manage awkwardly; to treat or play unskillfully;
as, to <i>foozle</i> a stroke in golf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>foozles</i> all along the course.</blockquote>
<i>Century Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Foo"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
stupid fellow; a fogy.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Act of foozling; a bungling stroke, as in
golf.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"cite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From 3d <u>Force</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A gelatin dynamite in which
the dope is composed largely of sodium nitrate.</def></p>

<p><hw>||F&ouml;"ren*di*h&aacute;z`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Hung., lit., House of Lords.] <i>(Hungary)</i> <def>See
<u>Legislature</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Form</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To treat
(plates) so as to bring them to fit condition for introduction into a
storage battery, causing one plate to be composed more or less of
spongy lead, and the other of lead peroxide. This was formerly done by
repeated slow alternations of the charging current, but now the plates
or grids are coated or filled, one with a paste of red lead and the
other with litharge, introduced into the cell, and <i>formed</i> by a
direct charging current.</def></p>

<p><hw>For"ma*lin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Form</i>ic +
<i>al</i>dehyde + <i>-in</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An aqueous solution
of formaldehyde, used as a preservative in museums and as a
disinfectant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||For`mat"</hw> (f&osl;r`m&adot;" <i>or</i> f&osl;r`m&auml;t"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. or G. Cf. <u>Formation</u>.] <i>(Print.)</i>
<def>The shape and size of a book; hence, its external form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The older manuscripts had been written in a much larger
<i>format</i> than that found convenient for university
work.</blockquote>  <i>G. H. Putnam.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>One might, indeed, protest that the <i>format</i> is a
little too luxurious.</blockquote>  <i>Nature.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1983 !></p>

<p><hw>For"mi*cate</hw> (f&ocirc;r"m&ibreve;*k&amacr;t), <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos> [See <u>Formication</u>.] <def>To creep or crawl like
ants; swarm with, or as with, ants.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>An open space which <i>formicated</i> with
peasantry.</blockquote>  <i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><hw>For`ty-nin"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of those
who went to California in the rush for gold in 1849; an
argonaut.</def> [Colloq., U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Fos"sick</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Dial. E.
<i>fossick</i>, <i>fossuck</i>, a troublesome person, <i>fussick</i>
to potter over one's work, <i>fussock</i> to bustle about; of
uncertain origin. Cf. <u>Fuss</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>To search for gold by picking at stone or earth or among roots in
isolated spots, picking over abandoned workings, etc.; hence, to steal
gold or auriferous matter from another's claim.</def> [Australia]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To search about; to rummage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A man who has <i>fossicked</i> in nature's
byways.</blockquote>  <i>D. Macdonald.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fou`cault" cur`rent</hw> (?). [After J. B. L. <i>Foucault</i>
(1819-68), French physicist.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An eddy
current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Foul</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In various games or
sports, an act done contrary to the rules; a foul stroke, hit, play,
or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Four`chette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Card
Playing)</i> <def>The combination of the card immediately above and
the one immediately below a given card.</def></p>

<p><hw>Four"-cy`cle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Thermodynamics)</i>
<def>A four-stroke cycle, as the Otto cycle, for an internal-
combustion engine.</def> -- <wf>Four"-cy`cle</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Four"some</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Four</i> + 2d
<i>-some</i>.] <def>Consisting of four; requiring four
participants.</def> [Scot. or Golf]</p>

<p><hw>Four"some</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>A game
between four players, with two on each side and each side playing but
one ball, the partners striking alternately. It is called a
<col><b>mixed foursome</b></col> when each side consists of a man and
a woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frame</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In games:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> In pool, the triangular form used in setting up
the balls; also, the balls as set up, or the round of playing required
to pocket them all; as, to play six <i>frames</i> in a game of 50
points. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> In bowling, as in tenpins, one of the
several innings forming a game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frame"-up`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A conspiracy or
plot, esp. for a malicious or evil purpose, as to incriminate a person
on false evidence.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>||Franc"-ti`reur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>franc</i> free + <i>tireur</i> shooter, fr. <i>tirer</i> to shoot.]
<i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A French partisan soldier, or one belonging to a
corps of detached light troops engaged in forays, skirmishes,
scouting, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Frap`p&eacute;"</hw> (fr&adot;`p&amacr;"),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p.p. of <i>frapper</i> to strike, to chill.]
<def>Iced; frozen; artificially cooled; as, wine
<i>frapp&eacute;</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A
frapp&eacute; mixture or beverage, as a water ice, variously flavored,
frozen soft, and served in glasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frap"ping</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Frap</u>.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A lashing binding a thing tightly or binding
things together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fraz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Frazzled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Frazzling</u> (?).] [Cf. G. <i>faseln</i>, and E. <i>fray</i>.]
<def>To fray; to wear or pull into tatters or tag ends; to tatter; --
used literally and figuratively.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Her hair was of a reddish gray color, and its
<i>frazzled</i> and tangled condition suggested that the woman had
recently passed through a period of extreme excitement.</blockquote>
<i>J. C. Harris.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fraz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or result of
frazzling; the condition or quality of being frazzled; the tag end; a
frayed-out end.</def> [Prov. Eng. &amp; U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>My fingers are all scratched to
<i>frazzles</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Gordon had sent word to Lee that he "had fought his
corps to a <i>frazzle</i>."</blockquote>  <i>Nicolay &amp; Hay (Life of
Lincoln).</i></p>

<p><hw>||Frau</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Frauen</b></plw> (#). [G. Cf. 1st <u>Frow</u>.] <def>In
Germany, a woman; a married woman; a wife; -- as a title, equivalent
to <i>Mrs.</i>, <i>Madam</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fr&auml;u"lein</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [G.,
dim. of <i>frau</i> woman. See <u>Frau</u>.] <def>In Germany, a young
lady; an unmarried woman; -- as a title, equivalent to
<i>Miss</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free coinage</hw>. <def>In the fullest sense, the conversion of
bullion (of any specified metal) into legal-tender coins for any
person who chooses to bring it to the mint; in a modified sense, such
coinage when done at a fixed charge proportionate to the cost of the
operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free silver</hw>. <def>The free coinage of silver; often,
specif., the free coinage of silver at a fixed ratio with gold, as at
the ratio of 16 to 1, which ratio for some time represented nearly or
exactly the ratio of the market values of gold and silver
respectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"wheel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>A clutch fitted in the rear hub of a cycle, which engages the
rear sprocket with the rear wheel when the pedals are rotated
forwards, but permits the rear wheel to run on free from the rear
sprocket when the pedals are stopped or rotated backwards.
Freewheelcycles are usually fitted with hub brakes or rim brakes,
operated by back pedaling.</def></p>

<p><hw>Free"wheel`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Of a freewheel cycle, to run on while the
pedals are held still.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of a person, to
ride a cycle of this manner. To ride a freewheel cycle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To operate like a
freewheel, so that one part moves freely over another which normally
moves with it; -- said of a clutch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Freeze</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> -- <col><b>To freeze
out</b></col>, <cd>to drive out or exclude by cold or by cold
treatment; to force to withdraw; as, to be <i>frozen out</i> of one's
room in winter; to <i>freeze out</i> a competitor.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A railroad which had a London connection must not be
allowed to <i>freeze out</i> one that had no such
connection.</blockquote>  <i>A. T. Hadley.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is sometimes a long time before a player who is
<i>frozen out</i> can get into a game again.</blockquote>  <i>R. F.
Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Frei"herr`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Freiherrn</b></plw> (#). [G., lit., free lord.] <def>In
Germany and Austria, a baron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fre*mes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>fremere</i>
to roar, murmur + <i>-escent</i>.] <def>Becoming murmurous,
roaring.</def> "<i>Fremescent</i> clangor." <i>Carlyle</i>. --
<wf>Fre*mes"cence</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Frem"i*tus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n., sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [L., a
murmuring, roaring.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Palpable vibration or thrill;
as, the rhonchial <i>fremitus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Friend"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A friendly person; --
usually applied to natives friendly to foreign settlers or
invaders.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>These were speedily routed by the <i>friendlies</i>,
who attacked the small force before them in fine style.</blockquote>
<i>E. N. Bennett.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fri"jol</hw>, <hw>Fri"jole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Frijoles</b></plw> (&?;). Also <hw>Fre"jol</hw> }.
[Sp. <i>fr&iacute;jol</i>, <i>fr&eacute;jol</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In Mexico, the southwestern United States, and the West Indies,
any cultivated bean of the genus <i>Phaseolus</i>, esp. the black seed
of a variety of <i>P. vulgaris</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The beanlike seed of any of several
related plants, as the cowpea. Frijoles are an important article of
diet among Spanish-American peoples, being used as an ingredient of
many dishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fringe tree</hw>. <def>A small oleaceous tree (<i>Chionanthus
virginica</i>), of the southern United States, having clusters of
white flowers with slender petals. It is often cultivated.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fri*sette"</hw>, <hw>Fri*zette"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>frisette</i> curl.] <def>a fringe of hair
or curls worn about the forehead by women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frit"fly`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A small dipterous fly of the genus <i>Oscinis</i>, esp. <i>O.
vastator</i>, injurious to grain in Europe, and <i>O. Trifole</i>,
injurious to clover in America.</def></p>

<p><hw>Friv"ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To act
frivolously; to trifle.</def> <i>Kipling</i>. -- <wf>Friv"ol*er</wf>
(#), <wf>Friv"ol*ler</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [All Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Frizz</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Partly imitative, but
cf. <u>Fry</u>.] <def>To fry, cook, or sear with a sizzling noise; to
sizzle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Friz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Frizzled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Frizzling</u> (?).] [Freq. of an imitative word
<i>frizz</i>, in dial. use.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To fry, toast, or
broil with a sputtering sound to cook with a sizzling noise. Also
fig.</def>  <i>Hawthorne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To cook, in certain way, so as to curl or
crinkle up.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Drain and heat it [shaved smoked beef] in one
tablespoonful of hot butter, to curl or <i>frizzle</i>
it.</blockquote>  <i>Mrs. Lincoln (Cook Book).</i></p>

<p><hw>Froe*bel"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to, or derived from, Friedrich <i>Froebel</i>, or the kindergarten
system of education, which he organized.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>One who teaches by, or advocates the use of, the kindergarten
system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frog"-eyed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Spotted with
whitish specks due to a disease, or produced artificially by spraying;
-- said of tobacco used for cigar wrappers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Front</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fort.)</i> <def>All the works along one side of the polygon
inclosing the site which is fortified.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>The middle of the upper
part of the tongue, -- the part of the tongue which is more or less
raised toward the palate in the pronunciation of certain sounds, as
the vowel <i>i</i> in <i>machine</i>, <i>e</i> in <i>bed</i>, and
consonant <i>y</i> in <i>you.</i> See Guide to Pronunciation,
&sect;10.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>The call boy whose turn it is to answer
the call, which is often the word "front," used as an
exclamation.</def> [Hotel Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Frost"bow`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A white arc or
circle in the sky attending frosty weather and formed by reflection of
sunlight from ice crystals floating in the air; the parhelic circle
whose center is at the zenith.</def></p>

<p><hw>Frost" sig`nal</hw>. <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A signal consisting
of a white flag with a black center, used by the United States Weather
Bureau to indicate that a local frost is expected. It is used only in
Florida and along the coasts of the Pacific and the Gulf
Mexico.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Frou"frou`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., of imitative
origin.] <def>A rustling, esp. the rustling of a woman's dress.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Fu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin.] <def>A department in
China comprising several hsein; also, the chief city of a department;
-- often forming the last part of a name; as, Paoting-
<i>fu</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fudge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of soft candy
composed of sugar or maple sugar, milk, and butter, and often
chocolate or nuts, boiled and stirred to a proper
consistency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Full house</hw>. <i>(Poker)</i> <def>A hand containing three of
a kind and a pair, as three kings and two tens. It ranks above a flush
and below four of a kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fu`ma*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>L. pl.</i>
<plw><b>-ria</b></plw> (#). [NL., fr. L. <i>fumare</i>,
<i>fumatum</i>, to smoke.] <def>An air-tight compartment in which
vapor may be generated to destroy germs or insects; esp., the
apparatus used to destroy San Jos&eacute; scale on nursery stock, with
hydrocyanic acid vapor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"ma*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Fumatorium</u>.] <def>Pert. to, or concerned with, smoking.</def> -
- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-ries</b></plw> (&?;).
<def>A place for subjecting things to smoke or vapor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fume</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>Solid
material deposited by condensation of fumes; as, lead <i>fume</i> (a
grayish powder chiefly lead sulphate).</def></p>

<p><hw>Fumed oak</hw> (?). <i>(Cabinetwork)</i> <def>Oak given a
weathered appearance by exposure in an air-tight compartment to fumes
of ammonia from uncorked cans, being first given a coat of
filler.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Fu`met"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A high-
flavored substance, such as extract of game, for flavoring dishes of
food; less properly, a ragout of partridge and rabbit braised in
wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Func"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A religious ceremony, esp. one particularly
impressive and elaborate.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every solemn &lsquo;<i>function</i>' performed with the
requirements of the liturgy.</blockquote>  <i>Card. Wiseman.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A public or social ceremony or gathering;
a festivity or entertainment, esp. one somewhat formal.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>function</i>, which is our chief social
event.</blockquote>  <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Fun"gi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
group of thallophytic plants of low organization, destitute of
chlorophyll, in which reproduction is mainly accomplished by means of
asexual spores, which are produced in a great variety of ways, though
sexual reproduction is known to occur in certain <i>Phycomycetes</i>,
or so-called algal fungi.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>Fungi</i> appear to have originated by degeneration
from various alg&aelig;, losing their chlorophyll on assuming a
parasitic or saprophytic life. By some they are divided into the
subclasses <i>Phycomycetes</i>, the lower or algal fungi; the
<i>Mesomycetes</i>, or intermediate fungi; and the <i>Mycomycetes</i>,
or the higher fungi; by others into the <i>Phycomycetes</i>; the
<i>Ascomycetes</i>, or sac-spore fungi; and the <i>Basidiomycetes</i>,
or basidial-spore fungi.</p>

<p><hw>||Fun"gi Im`per*fec"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>pl.</i></pos> [L.
<i>imperfecti</i> imperfect.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A heterogenous group
of fungi of which the complete life history is not known. Some
undoubtedly represent the conidium stages of various Ascomycetes. The
group is divided into the orders Sph&aelig;ropsidales, Melanconiales,
and Moniliales.</def></p>

<p><hw>Funk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who funks; a
shirk; a coward.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Funk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
funk at; to flinch at; to shrink from (a thing or person); as, to
<i>funk</i> a task.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To frighten; to cause to flinch.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Fuse</hw>, or <hw>Fuze</hw> }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A wire, bar, or strip of fusible metal inserted
for safety in an electric circuit. When the current increases beyond a
certain safe strength, the metal melts, interrupting the circuit and
thereby preventing possibility of damage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu*see"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A signal used principally for the protection
of trains, consisting of a tube filled with a composition which burns
with a bright colored light for a definite time.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A friction match for
smokers' use having a bulbous head which when ignited is not easily
blown out even in a gale of wind.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
kind of match made of paper impregnated with niter and having the
usual igniting tip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Fu"se*lage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>An elongated body or frame of an
a&euml;roplane or flying machine; sometimes, erroneously, any kind of
frame or body. Many a&euml;roplanes have no fuselage, properly so
called.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fuse</hw>, or <hw>Fuze, plug</hw>  }. <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Ordnance)</i> <def>A plug fitted to the fuse hole of a shell to
hold the fuse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A fusible plug that screws into a
receptacle, used as a fuse in electric wiring.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Fu"thorc</hw> <hw>Fu"thork</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Written also <i>futharc</i>, <i>futhark</i>.] <def>The Runic
alphabet; -- so called from the six letters <i>f</i>, <i>u</i>,
<i>&thorn;</i> (<i>th</i>), <i>o</i> (or <i>a</i>), <i>r</i>, <i>c</i>
(<i>=k</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The letters are called Runes and the alphabet bears the
name <i>Futhorc</i> from the first six letters.</blockquote>  <i>I.
Taylor.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The spelling <i>futharc</i> represents most accurately the
original values of these six Runic letters.</p>

<p><hw>Fu"tur*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Painting)</i>
<def>A movement or phase of post-impressionism (which see,
below).</def></p>

<p><point26>G.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Ga*dhel"ic</hw> (g&adot;*d&ebreve;l"&ibreve;k;
g&abreve;d"<i>e</i>l*&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Gael</u>.] <def>Of, belonging to, or designating, that division of
the Celtic languages which includes the Irish, Gaelic, and
Manx.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gad`o*lin"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Gadolinite</u>.] <def>A rare earth associated with yttria and
regarded as the oxide (Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) of a metallic
element, <hw>Gad`o*lin"i*um</hw> (&?;), with an assigned atomic weight
of 153.3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gaek"war</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>Gaikwar</i>,
<i>Guicowar</i>.] [Marathi <i>g&amacr;ekw&amacr;r</i>, prop., a
cowherd.] <def>The title of the ruling Prince of Baroda, in Gujarat,
in Bombay, India.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gag law</hw>. <i>(Parliamentary Law)</i> <def>A law or ruling
prohibiting proper or free debate, as in closure.</def> [Colloq. or
Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Gains"borough hat</hw> (?). <def>A woman's broad-brimmed hat of
a form thought to resemble those shown in portraits by Thomas
Gainsborough, the English artist (1727-88).</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal`a*te"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After
<i>Galatea</i>, a British man-of-war, the material being used for
children's sailor suits.] <def>A kind of striped cotton fabric,
usually of superior quality and striped with blue or red on
white.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Galbe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.; OF. <i>garbe</i>,
fr. It. <i>garbo</i> grace, gracefulness. See <u>Garb</u> dress.]
<i>(Art)</i> <def>The general outward form of any solid object, as of
a column or a vase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"li*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; perh. fr. L.
<i>Gallia</i> France.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element,
found combined in certain zinc ores. It is white, hard, and malleable,
resembling aluminium, and remarkable for its low melting point
(86&deg; F., 30&deg; C.). Symbol, <i>Ga</i>; at. wt., 69.9. Gallium is
chiefly trivalent, resembling aluminium and indium. It was predicted
with most of its properties, under the name <i>eka-aluminium</i>, by
Mendelyeev on the basis of the periodic law. This prediction was
verified in its discovery (in 1875) by its characteristic spectrum
(two violet lines).</def></p>

<p><hw>Gal"lize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gallized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gallizing</u> (?).] [After Dr. L. <i>Gall</i>, a French chemist,
who invented the process.] <def>In wine making, to add water and sugar
to (unfermented grape juice) so as to increase the quantity of wine
produced.</def> -- <wf>Gal`li*za"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ga*losh"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Same as <u>Galoche</u>, <u>Galoshe</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A strip of material, as leather, running
around a shoe at and above the sole, as for protection or
ornament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Orig. uncert.]
<i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A herd, or school, of
whales.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A visit between whalers at sea;
a holding of social intercourse between those on different vessels at
sea, or (Local U. S.) between persons ashore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gammed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gam"ming</u>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To gather in
a gam; -- said of whales.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To engage in
a gam, or (Local, U. S.) in social intercourse anywhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To have a
gam with; to pay a visit to, esp. among whalers at sea.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1984 !></p>

<p><hw>Gam*beer"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>gambier</i> a kind of hook.] <i>(Fishing)</i> <def>To gaff, as
mackerel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An act of gambling;
a transaction or proceeding involving gambling; hence, anything
involving similar risk or uncertainty.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gam"ete</hw> (g&abreve;m"&emacr;t; g&adot;*m&emacr;t"; <i>the
latter usually in compounds</i>), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gameth`</grk> wife, or <grk>game`ths</grk> husband, fr.
<grk>gamei^n</grk> to marry.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A sexual cell or
germ cell; a conjugating cell which unites with another of like or
unlike character to form a new individual. In <i>Bot.</i>,
<i>gamete</i> designates esp. the similar sex cells of the lower
thallophytes which unite by conjugation, forming a <i>zygospore</i>.
The gametes of higher plants are of two sorts, <i>sperm</i> (male) and
<i>egg</i> (female); their union is called <i>fertilization</i>, and
the resulting zygote an <i>o&ouml;spore</i>. In <i>Zo&ouml;l.</i>,
<i>gamete</i> is most commonly used of the sexual cells of certain
Protozoa, though also extended to the germ cells of higher
forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*me"to*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Gamete</i> +
Gr. <grk>fyto`n</grk> plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In the alternation of
generations in plants, that generation or phase which bears sex
organs. In the lower plants, as the alg&aelig;, the gametophyte is the
conspicuous part of the plant body; in mosses it is the so-called moss
plant; in ferns it is reduced to a small, early perishing body; and in
seed plants it is usually microscopic or rudimentary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gam"ma rays</hw>. <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Very penetrating rays
not appreciably deflected by a magnetic or electric field, emitted by
radioactive substances. The prevailing view is that they are non-
periodic ether pulses differing from R&ouml;ntgen rays only in being
more penetrating.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Gamp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A large umbrella; --
said to allude to Mrs. Gamp's umbrella, in Dickens's "Martin
Chuzzlewit."</def></p>

<p><hw>Ga*nan"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Sp., pertaining to
gain, held in common, fr. <i>ganancia</i> gain.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>Designating, pertaining to, or held under, the Spanish system of
law (called <col><b>ganancial system</b></col>) which controls the
title and disposition of the property acquired during marriage by the
husband or wife.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gange</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ganged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ganging</u> (?).] [Of uncertain origin.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
protect (the part of a line next a fishhook, or the hook itself) by
winding it with wire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To attach (a fishhook) to a line or snell,
as by knotting the line around the shank of the hook.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ganz system</hw> (?) <def>A haulage system for canal boats, in
which an electric locomotive running on a monorail has its adhesion
materially increased by the pull of the tow rope on a series of
inclined gripping wheels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>The vertical distance between two superposed surfaces, esp. in a
biplane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gape"seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
looks or stares gapingly.</def> -- <col><b>To</b></col> <col><b>buy,
or sow</b></col>, <col><b>gapeseed</b></col>, <cd>to stare idly or in
idle wonderment, instead of attending to business.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ga`rage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A place for housing automobiles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A shed for
housing an airship or flying machine; a hangar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A side way or space in a canal to enable
vessels to pass each other; a siding.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Garage</i> is recent in English, and has as yet acquired
no settled pronunciation.</p>

<p><hw>Ga`rage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Garaged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Garaging</u> (?).] <def>To keep in a garage.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>||Gar`&ccedil;on"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
boy; fellow; esp., a serving boy or man; a waiter; -- in Eng. chiefly
applied to French waiters.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Garde` ci`vique"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>See <u>Army
organization</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Garter stitch</hw>. <def>The simplest stitch in
knitting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Gassed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Gassing</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Textiles)</i> <def>To singe,
as in a gas flame, so as to remove loose fibers; as, to <i>gas</i>
thread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To impregnate with gas; as, to <i>gas</i>
lime with chlorine in the manufacture of bleaching powder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Gasoline.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gas`e*lier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formed from
<i>gas</i>, in imitation of chande<i>lier</i>.] <def>A chandelier
arranged to burn gas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gas engine</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A kind of internal-
combustion engine (which see) using fixed gas; also, broadly, any
internal-combustion engine.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Gas"o*line</hw>, or <hw>Gas"o*lene, en"gine</hw>  }.
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A kind of internal-combustion engine; -- in
British countries called usually <i><col><b>petrol
engine</b></col></i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gatch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Per. <i>gach</i>
mortar.] <def>Plaster as used in Persian architecture and decorative
art.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Gatch decoration</b></col>, <cd>decoration in plaster often
producing design of great beauty.</cd> -- <col><b>Gatch
work</b></col>, <cd>work in which gatch is employed; also, articles of
gatch ornamentation collectively.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Gau"cho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of an
Indian population, somewhat affected by Spanish blood, in the
archipelagoes off the Chilean coast.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gauss</hw> (gous), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after Karl F.
<i>Gauss</i>, a German mathematician.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The C.G.S.
unit of density of magnetic field, equal to a field of one line of
force per square centimeter, being thus adopted as an international
unit at Paris in 1900; sometimes used as a unit of intensity of
magnetic field. It was previously suggested as a unit of magnetomotive
force.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gauss"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>The intensity of a magnetic field expressed in C.G.S. units, or
gausses.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ga`vage"</hw> (g&adot;`v&adot;zh"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
fr. <i>gaver</i> to gorge.] <def>Forced feeding (as of poultry or
infants) by means of a tube passed through the mouth down to the
stomach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gay"ley proc"ess</hw>. <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The process of
removing moisture from the blast of an iron blast furnace by reducing
its temperature so far that it will not remain suspended as vapor in
the blast current, but will be deposited as snow in the cooling
apparatus. The resultant uniformly dehydrated blast effects great
economy in fuel consumption, and promotes regularity of furnace
operation, and certainty of furnace control.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gee"zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dial. corrupt. of
<u>Guiser</u> a mummer.] <def>A queer old fellow; an old chap; an old
woman.</def> [Contemptuous, Slang or Dial.]</p>

<p><hw>Gei"sha</hw> (g&amacr;"sh&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Geisha</b></plw> (-sh&adot;), <plw><b>Geishas</b></plw> (-
sh&adot;z). [Jap.] <def>A Japanese singing and dancing girl.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"er*a`tor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Any
machine that transforms mechanical into electrical energy; a
dynamo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"ip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>or</i> <hw>Genip
tree</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any tree or shrub of the genus
<i>Genipa</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The West Indian sapindaceous tree
<i>Melicocca bijuga</i>, which yields the honeyberry; also, the
related trees <i>Exothea paniculata</i> and <i>E.
trifoliata</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen"o*a cake</hw> (?). <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A rich glazed
cake, with almonds, pistachios, filberts, or other nuts; also, a rich
currant cake with almonds on the top.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gen"re</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Kind; genus;
class; form; style, esp. in literature.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>French drama was lisping or still inarticulate; the
great French <i>genre</i> of the fabliau was hardly born.</blockquote>
<i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A particular demand . . . that we shall pay special
attention to the matter of <i>genres</i> -- that is, to the different
forms or categories of literature.</blockquote>  <i>W. P.
Trent.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gen"tle*men's a*gree"ment</hw> (?). <def>An agreement binding
only as a matter of honor; often, specif., such an agreement among the
heads of industrial or merchantile enterprises, the terms of which
could not be included and enforced in a legal contract.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gen*too"</hw> (j&ebreve;n*t&oomac;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Gentoos</b></plw> (-t&oomac;z"). <def>A penguin (<i>Pygosceles
t&aelig;niata</i>).</def> [Falkland  Is.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ge`o*cen"tric</hw> (?), <hw>Ge`o*cen"tric*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> } <def>Having, considering, or based on, the
earth as center; as, the <i>geocentric</i> theory of the
universe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ge`o*chem"is*try</hw>
(j&emacr;`&osl;*k&ebreve;m"&ibreve;s*tr&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Gr. <grk>ge`a</grk>, <grk>gh^</grk>, the earth + <i>chemistry</i>.]
<def>The study of the chemical composition of, and of actual or
possible chemical changes in, the crust of the earth.</def> --
<wf>Ge`o*chem"ic*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ge`o*chem"ist</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Geor"gi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Georgia, one of the United States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Georgian architecture</hw>. <def>British or British colonial
architecture of the period of the four Georges, especially that of the
period before 1800.</def></p>

<p><hw>Germ</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The germ
cells, collectively, as distinguished from the <i>somatic</i> cells,
or <i>soma</i>. <i>Germ</i> is often used in place of <i>germinal</i>
to form phrases; as, <i>germ</i> area, <i>germ</i> disc, <i>germ</i>
membrane, <i>germ</i> nucleus, <i>germ</i> sac, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Germ cell</hw>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A cell, of either sex,
directly concerned in the production of a new organism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ger"mi*nal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the germ, or germ cells, as distinguished from the
somatic cells.</def></p>

<p><hw>Germ theory</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The
theory that living organisms can be produced only by the development
of living germs. Cf. <u>Biogenesis</u>, <u>Abiogenesis</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The theory which attributes
contagious and infectious diseases, suppurative lesions, etc., to the
agency of germs. The science of bacteriology was developed after this
theory had been established.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ges"so</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., chalk, plaster.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Plaster of Paris, or gypsum, esp. as prepared
for use in painting, or in making bas-reliefs and the like; by
extension, a plasterlike or pasty material spread upon a surface to
fit it for painting or gilding, or a surface so prepared.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A work of art done in gesso.</def>
[Obs.]</p>

<p><hw>||Ges"so du"ro</hw> (?). [It., hard plaster.] <def>A variety of
gesso which when dried becomes hard and durable, often used in making
bas-relief casts, which are colored and mounted in elaborate
frames.</def></p>

<p><hw>Geusd"ism</hw> (g&ebreve;d"&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The Marxian socialism and programme of reform through revolution
as advocated by the French political leader Jules Basile Guesde
(<i>pron.</i> g&ebreve;d) (1845- ).</def> -- <wf>Guesd"ist</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ghaz"al</hw> (?), <hw>||Ghaz"el</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>ghazal</i>.] <def>A kind of Oriental
lyric, and usually erotic, poetry, written in recurring
rhymes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gha"zi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>gh&amacr;z&imacr;</i>.] <def>Among Mohammedans, a warrior champion
or veteran, esp. in the destruction of infidels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ghet"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quarter of a city
where Jews live in greatest numbers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ghost dance</hw>. <def>A religious dance of the North American
Indians, participated in by both sexes, and looked upon as a rite of
invocation the purpose of which is, through trance and vision, to
bring the dancer into communion with the unseen world and the spirits
of departed friends. The dance is the chief rite of the <col><b>Ghost-
dance</b></col>, <i>or</i> <col><b>Messiah</b></col>,
<col><b>religion</b></col>, which originated about 1890 in the
doctrines of the Piute Wovoka, the Indian Messiah, who taught that the
time was drawing near when the whole Indian race, the dead with the
living, should be reunited to live a life of millennial happiness upon
a regenerated earth. The religion inculcates peace, righteousness, and
work, and holds that in good time, without warlike intervention, the
oppressive white rule will be removed by the higher powers. The
religion spread through a majority of the western tribes of the United
States, only in the case of the Sioux, owing to local causes, leading
to an outbreak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gi"ba*ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Gibaros</b></plw> (#). [Amer. Sp. <i>j&iacute;baro</i> wild.]
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>The offspring of a Spaniard and an Indian; a
Spanish-Indian mestizo.</def> [Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>Gi*bral"tar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A strongly fortified town on the south coast of Spain, held by
the British since 1704; hence, an impregnable stronghold.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of candy sweetmeat, or a piece of
it; -- called, in full, <i>Gibraltar rock</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gigue</hw> (zh&esl;g), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A piece
of lively dance music, in two strains which are repeated; also, the
dance.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Gi*ta"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. fem.</i></pos>;
<hw>||Gi*ta"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. masc.</i></pos> } [Sp., fr.
(assumed) LL. <i>Aegyptanus</i>, fem. <i>Aegyptana</i>, Egyptian. Cf.
<u>Gypsy</u>.] <def>A Spanish gypsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Give</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To afford a view
of; as, his window <i>gave</i> the park.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gla`c&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p.p. of
<i>glacer</i> to freeze, to ice. Cf. <u>Glacier</u>.] <def>Coated with
icing; iced; glazed; -- said of fruits, sweetmeats, cake,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gle"ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Gleb&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L., a clod.] <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>The chambered sporogenous tissue forming the central mass of the
sporophore in puff balls, stinkhorns, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glee club</hw>. <def>A club or company organized for singing
glees, and (by extension) part songs, ballads, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Glen*gar"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or
<hw>Glen*gar"ry bon"net</hw> (?) }. [Name of a valley in Scotland.]
<def>A kind of Highland Scotch cap for men, with straight sides and a
hollow top sloping to the back, where it is parted and held together
by ribbons or strings.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The long silk streamers of his <i>Glengarry
bonnet</i>.</blockquote>  <i>L. Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Glide</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>Movement of a glider, a&euml;roplane, etc., through the air under
gravity or its own movement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glide</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>To move through the air by virtue of gravity or momentum; to
volplane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gliding angle</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>The angle,
esp. the least angle, at which a gliding machine or a&euml;roplane
will glide to earth by virtue of gravity without applied
power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gliding machine</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A
construction consisting essentially of one or more a&euml;roplanes for
gliding in an inclined path from a height to the ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glis*sade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>glisser</i> to slip.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sliding, as down a
snow slope.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A dance step consisting of a glide or
slide to one side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glock"en*spiel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.;
<i>glocke</i> bell + <i>spiel</i> play.] <i>(Music)</i> <def>An
instrument, originally a series of bells on an iron rod, now a set of
flat metal bars, diatonically tuned, giving a bell-like tone when
played with a mallet; a carillon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glost</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See 1st <u>Gloss</u>.]
<i>(Ceramics)</i> <def>The lead glaze used for pottery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly"cose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sweet + <i>-
ose</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>One of a class of carbohydrates
having from three to nine atoms of carbon in the molecules and having
the constitution either of an aldehyde alcohol or of a ketone alcohol.
Most glycoses have hydrogen and oxygen present in the proportion to
form water, while the number of carbon atoms is usually equal to the
number of atoms of oxygen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gly`co*som"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sweet
+ <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An apparatus for determining the
amount of sugar in diabetic urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Glyph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i>
<def>A carved figure or character, incised or in relief; a carved
pictograph; hence, a pictograph representing a form originally adopted
for sculpture, whether carved or painted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something that goes or
is successful; a success; as, he made a <i>go</i> of it; also, an
agreement.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"Well," said Fleming, "is it a <i>go</i>?"</blockquote>
<i>Bret Harte.</i></p>

<p><hw>Go*bang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>goban</i>.] [Jap. <i>goban</i> checkerboard, fr. Chino-Jap.
<i>go</i> checker + <i>ban</i> board.] <def>A Japanese game, played on
a checkerboard, in which the object of the game is to be the first in
placing five pieces, or men, in a row in any direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gob"stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Gob</i> mouth +
<i>stick</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Angling)</i> <def>A stick or
device for removing the hook from a fish's gullet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . wrenched out the hook with the short wooden
stick he called a "<i>gobstick</i>."</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A spoon.</def> [Prov. Eng. or Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Go"-dev"il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A weight which is dropped into a bore, as of
an oil well, to explode a cartridge previously lowered.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A device, as a loosely fitted plug, which is
driven through a pipe by the pressure of the contents behind the plug
to clear away obstructions.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A rough
sled or dray used for dragging logs, hauling stone, etc.</def> [Local,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Go"ing</hw>, <pos><i>p. pr.</i></pos> of <u>Go</u>. Specif.:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That goes; in existence; available for
present use or enjoyment; current; obtainable; also, moving; working;
in operation; departing; as, he is of the brightest men <i>going</i>;
<i>going</i> prices or rate.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Carrying
on its ordinary business; conducting business, or carried on, with an
indefinite prospect of continuance; -- chiefly used in the phrases
<col><b>a going business</b></col>, <col><b>concern</b></col>,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Of or pert. to a going business or
concern; as, the <i>going</i> value of a company.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gold"en State</hw>. <def>California; -- a nickname alluding to
its rich gold deposits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Golf</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Golfed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Golfing</u>.] <def>To play at golf.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Last mystery of all, he learned to
<i>golf</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gon"do*la</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>An elongated car under a dirigible.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gon"go*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An affected
elegance or euphuism of style, for which the Spanish poet
<i>Gongora</i> y Argote (1561-1627), among others of his time, was
noted.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Gongorism</i>, that curious disease of euphuism,
that broke out simultaneously in Italy, England, and
Spain.</blockquote>  <i>The Critic.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The Renaissance riots itself away in Marinism,
<i>Gongorism</i>, Euphuism, and the affectations of the H&ocirc;tel
Rambouillet.</blockquote>  <i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><hw>Good"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Weakly or
sentimentally good; affectedly good; -- often in the reduplicated form
<i>goody-goody</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Goose egg</hw>. <def>In games, a zero; a score or record of
naught; -- so named in allusion to the egglike outline of the zero
sign 0. Called also <i>duck egg</i>.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Goose"-rumped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Having the tail set low and buttocks that
fall away sharply from the croup; -- said of certain horses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Go"pher State</hw>. <def>Minnesota; -- a nickname alluding to
the abundance of gophers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gorge</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>(Angling)</i> <def>A
primitive device used instead of a fishhook, consisting of an object
easy to be swallowed but difficult to be ejected or loosened, as a
piece of bone or stone pointed at each end and attached in the middle
to a line.</def>
</p>

<p><col><b>Circle of the gorge</b></col> <i>(Math.)</i>, <cd>a minimum
circle on a surface of revolution, cut out by a plane perpendicular to
the axis.</cd> -- <col><b>Gorge fishing</b></col>, <cd>trolling with a
dead bait on a double hook which the fish is given time to swallow, or
gorge.</cd></p>

<p><! p. 1985 !></p>

<p><hw>||Gor`gon*zo"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A
kind of Italian pressed milk cheese; -- so called from a village near
Milan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graf*fi"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr.
<i>graffio</i> a scratching.] <i>(Art)</i> <def>Production of
decorative designs by scratching them through a surface of layer
plaster, glazing, etc., revealing a different-colored ground; also,
pottery or ware so decorated; -- chiefly used attributively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graft</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. orig. so called because
illegitimate or improper profit was looked upon as a <i>graft</i>, or
sort of excrescence, on a legitimate business undertaking, in
distinction from its natural proper development.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Acquisition of money, position, etc., by dishonest or unjust
means, as by actual theft or by taking advantage of a public office or
any position of trust or employment to obtain fees, perquisites,
profits on contracts, legislation, pay for work not done or service
not performed, etc.; illegal or unfair practice for profit or personal
advantage; also, anything thus gained.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A "soft thing" or "easy thing;" a
"snap."</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Graft"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Hort.)</i>
<def>The science of grafting, including the various methods of
practice and details of operation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gram"o*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a thing
drawn or written (fr. &?; write) + <i>-phone</i>, as in
<i>telephone</i>.] <def>An instrument for recording, preserving, and
reproducing sounds, the record being a tracing of a phonautograph
etched in some solid material. Reproduction  is accomplished by means
of a system attached to an elastic diaphragm.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Gran"ger railroads</hw>, or <hw>Granger roads</hw>  }.
<i>(Finance)</i> <def>Certain railroads whose traffic largely consists
in carrying the produce of farmers or grangers; -- specifically
applied to the Chicago &amp; Alton; Chicago, Burlington &amp; Quincey;
Chicago, Rock Island &amp; Pacific; Chicago, Milwaukee &amp; St. Paul; and
Chicago &amp; Northwestern, railroads.</def> [U. S.].</p>

<p><hw>Granger stocks</hw> or <hw>shares</hw>. <def>Stocks or shares
of the granger railroads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gran"ite State</hw>. <def>New Hampshire; -- a nickname alluding
to its mountains, which are chiefly of granite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>-graph</u>.]
<i>(Math.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A curve or surface, the locus
of a point whose co&ouml;rdinates are the variables in the equation of
the locus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A diagram symbolizing a system of
interrelations by spots, all distinguishable from one another and some
connected by lines of the same kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gra*phol"o*gy</hw>. <i>(Math.)</i> <def>The system or notation
used in dealing with graphs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graph"o*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to write
+ <i>-phone</i>, as in <i>telephone</i>.] <def>A kind of
photograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Graph"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>gra`fein</grk> to write + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An optical device
for showing (or photographing) an image when projected upon the
atmosphere as a screen.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Gra`tin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>The brown crust formed upon a gratinated dish; also, dish itself,
as crusts bread, game, or poultry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grat"i*nate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [F.
<i>gratiner</i>, v.i., to form a crust.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>To
cook, as macaroni, in a savory juice or sauce until juice is absorbed
and a crisp surface forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grat"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Optics)</i>  <def>A
system of close equidistant parallel lines or bars, esp. lines ruled
on a polished surface, used for producing spectra by diffraction.
Gratings have been made with over 40,000 such lines to the inch, but
those with a somewhat smaller number give the best
definition.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Grease cock</hw> or <hw>cup</hw>  }. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A
cock or cup containing grease, to serve as a lubricator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Great White Way</hw>. <def>Broadway, in New York City, in the
neighborhood chiefly occupied by theaters, as from about 30th Street
about 50th Street; -- so called from its brilliant illumination at
night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greek calendar</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any of various
calendars used by the ancient Greek states.</def> The <i>Attic
calendar</i> divided the year into twelve months of 29 and 30 days, as
follows:</p>

<p>1. Hecatomb&aelig;on (July-Aug.).
2. Metageitnion (Aug.-Sept.).
3. Bo&euml;dromion (Sept.-Oct.).
4. Pyanepsion (Oct.-Nov.).
5. M&aelig;macterion (Nov.-Dec.).
6. Poseideon (Dec.-Jan.).
7. Gamelion (Jan.-Feb.).
8. Anthesterion (Feb.-Mar.).
9. Elaphebolion (Mar.-Apr.).
10. Munychion (Apr.-May).
11. Thargelion (May-June).
12. Scirophorion (June-July).</p>

<p>A fixed relation to the seasons was maintained by introducing an
intercalary month, "the second Poseideon," at first in an inexact way,
afterward in years 3, 5, 8, 11, 13, 16, 19 of the Metonic cycle. Dates
were reckoned in Olympiads.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The Julian calendar, used in the Greek
Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>Greek calends</hw> or <hw>kalends</hw>. <def>A time that will
never come, as the Greeks had no calends.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grey"hound`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A swift steamer,
esp. an ocean steamer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A plate or
sheet of lead with perforations, or other irregularities of surface,
by which the active material of a secondary battery or accumulator is
supported.</def></p>

<p><hw>Griff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person of mixed
blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Griffe</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person of mixed negro
and American Indian blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grif"fon</hw> (gr&ibreve;f"f&obreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>One of a European breed of rough-coated dogs, somewhat
taller than the setter and of a grizzly liver color. They are used in
hunt game birds. The <b>Brussels griffon</b> is a very small, wiry-
coated, short-nosed pet dog of Belgian origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
figure of crossed bars with interstices, such as those sometimes
impressed upon postage stamps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A grillroom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To stamp or mark with
a grill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grill</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To undergo the process
of being grilled, or broiled; to broil.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had <i>grilled</i> in the heat, sweated in the
rains.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grill"room`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A room
specially fitted for broiling food, esp. one in a restaurant, hotel,
or club&?;house, arranged for prompt service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grin"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Amer. Sp., fr. Sp.
<i>gringo</i> gibberish; cf. <i>griego</i> Greek, F. <i>grigou</i>
wretch.] <def>Among Spanish Americans, a foreigner, esp. an Englishman
or American; -- often used as a term of reproach.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Specif., an apparatus attached to a car for clutching a traction
cable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A gripsack; a hand bag; a satchel.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The influenza;
grippe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Grip car</hw>. <def>A car with a grip to clutch a traction
cable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Griz"zle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To make or
become grizzly, or grayish.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hardship of the way such as would <i>grizzle</i> little
children.</blockquote>  <i>R. F. Burton.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I found<i>grizzling</i> man whom men addressed as
Collins Bey.</blockquote>  <i>Pall Mall Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Griz"zle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> [Etym. uncertain.]
<def>To worry; to fret; to bother; grumble.</def> [Prov. Eng.] " Don't
sit <i>grizzling</i> there."  <i>Charles Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Gro"bi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr. <i>grob</i>
rude. Cf. <u>Gruff</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A rude or clownish
person; boor; lout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Gro"lier`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The name by which
Jean <i>Grolier</i> de Servier (1479-1565), a French bibliophile, is
commonly known; -- used in naming a certain style of binding, a
design, etc.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Grolier binding</b></col>, <cd>a book binding decorated
with a pattern imitated from those given covers of books bound for
Jean Grolier, and bearing his name and motto.</cd> --
<col><b>Grolier</b></col> <col><b>design or school</b></col>, <cd>the
pattern of interlacing bars, bands, or ribbons, with little scrolls of
slender gold lines, assumed to be an imitation of the designs on Jean
Grolier's book bindings.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Gro*tesqu"er*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>grotesquerie</i>.] [From <u>Grotesque</u>.] <def>Grotesque action,
speech, or manners; grotesque doings.</def> "The sustained
<i>grotesquery</i> of Feather-top."  <i>K. L. Bates.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Vileness, on the other hand, becomes
<i>grotesquerie</i>, wonderfully converted into a subject of
laughter.</blockquote>  <i>George Gissing.</i></p>

<p><hw>Grun"dy*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Narrow and
unintelligent conventionalism.</def> -- <wf>Grun"dy*ist</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Guai"a*col</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Guaiac</i>um +
<i>-ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless liquid,
C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, with a peculiar odor. It is
the methyl ether of pyrocatechin, and is obtained by distilling
guaiacum from wood-tar creosote, and in other ways. It has been used
in treating pulmonary tuberculosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guest</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any insect that lives in the nest of another
without compulsion and usually not as a parasite.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An inquiline.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guide rope</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A rope hung
from a balloon or dirigible so as trail along the ground for about
half its length, used to preserve altitude automatically, by variation
of the length dragging on the ground, without loss of ballast or
gas.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Guil`loche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In ornamental
art, any pattern made by interlacing curved lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Guimpe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See 2d
<u>Gimp</u>.] <def>A kind of short chemisette, worn with a low-necked
dress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Guin"ea-pig` di*rec"tor</hw>. <def>A director (usually one
holding a number of directorships) who serves merely or mainly for the
fee (in England, often a guinea) paid for attendance.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Gut"ter*snipe"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Slang)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small poster, suitable for a
curbstone.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A curbstone broker.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p>{<hw>Gyp"sy</hw>, or <hw>Gip"sy, moth</hw>  }. <def>A tussock moth
<i>(Ocneria dispar)</i> native of the Old World, but accidentally
introduced into eastern Massachusetts about 1869, where its
caterpillars have done great damage to fruit, shade, and forest trees
of many kinds. The male gypsy moth is yellowish brown, the female
white, and larger than the male. In both sexes the wings are marked by
dark lines and a dark lunule. The caterpillars, when full-grown, have
a grayish mottled appearance, with blue tubercles on the anterior and
red tubercles on the posterior part of the body, all giving rise to
long yellow and black hairs. They usually pupate in July and the moth
appears in August. The eggs are laid on tree trunks, rocks, etc., and
hatch in the spring.</def></p>

<p><point26>H.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Hack</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ride or drive as one
does with a hack horse; to ride at an ordinary pace, or over the
roads, as distinguished from riding across country or in military
fashion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Football)</i> <def>To
kick the shins of (an opposing payer).</def></p>

<p><hw>Hack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Football)</i> <def>A kick
on the shins, or a cut from a kick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hade</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geol. &amp; Mining)</i>
<def>The deviation of a fault plane from the vertical.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>direction of the hade</i> is the direction toward
which the fault plane descends from an intersecting vertical line.</p>

<p><hw>||H&aelig;m`a*tol"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.;
<i>h&aelig;mato-</i> + Gr. &?; a loosing, dissolving, fr. &?; to
loose, dissolve.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Dissolution of the red blood
corpuscles with diminished coagulability of the blood;
h&aelig;molysis.</def> -- <wf>H&aelig;m`a*to*lyt"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>H&aelig;"mol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; blood.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A dark brown powder containing iron, prepared by
the action of zinc dust as a reducing agent upon the coloring matter
of the blood, used medicinally as a hematinic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||H&aelig;*mol"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<hw>H&aelig;m`*lyt"ic</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Same as <u>H&aelig;matolysis</u>,
<u>H&aelig;matolytic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hague Tribunal</hw> (?). <def>The permanent court of
arbitration created by the "International Convention for the Pacific
Settle of International Disputes.", adopted by the International Peace
Conference of 1899. It is composed of persons of known competency in
questions of international law, nominated by the signatory powers.
From these persons an arbitration tribunal is chosen by the parties to
a difference submitted to the court. On the failure of the parties to
agree directly on the arbitrators, each chooses two arbitrators, an
umpire is selected by them, by a third power, or by two powers
selected by the parties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hai"kwan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>'hai-
kuan</i>.] <def>Chinese maritime customs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haikwan tael</hw>. <def>A Chinese weight (&frac1x10; catty)
equivalent to 1&frac13; oz. or 37.801 g.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half nelson</hw>. <i>(Wrestling)</i> <def>A hold in which one
arm is thrust under the corresponding arm of the opponent, generally
behind, and the hand placed upon the back of his neck. In the
<col><b>full nelson</b></col> both hands are so placed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Half tone</hw>, or <hw>Half"-tone`</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Fine Arts)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An intermediate or middle tone in a painting,
engraving, photograph, etc.; a middle tint, neither very dark nor very
light.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A half-tone photo-
engraving.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Music)</i> <def>A half step.</def></p>

<p><hw>Half"-tone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having,
consisting of, or pertaining to, half tones;</def> specif. (<i>Photo-
engraving</i>), <def>pertaining to or designating plates, processes,
or the pictures made by them, in which gradation of tone in the
photograph is reproduced by a graduated system of dotted and checkered
spots, usually nearly invisible to the unaided eye, produced by the
interposition between the camera and the object of a screen. The name
alludes to the fact that this process was the first that was
practically successful in reproducing the half tones of the
photograph.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hall"statt</hw> (?), <hw>Hall*stat"ti*an</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pert. to Hallstatt, Austria, or the
Hallstatt civilization.</def> -- <col><b>Hallstatt, or
Hallstattian</b></col>, <col><b>civilization</b></col>, <cd>a
prehistoric civilization of central Europe, variously dated at from
1000 to 1500 <u>b. c.</u> and usually associated with the Celtic or
Alpine race. It was characterized by expert use of bronze, a knowledge
of iron, possession of domestic animals, agriculture, and artistic
skill and sentiment in manufacturing pottery, ornaments, etc.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Hallstattian civilization</i> flourished chiefly
in Carinthia, southern Germany, Switzerland, Bohemia, Silesia, Bosnia,
the southeast of France, and southern Italy.</blockquote>  <i>J.
Deniker.</i></p>

<p>-- <col><b>H. epoch</b></col>, <cd>the first iron age, represented
by the <i>Hallstatt civilization</i>.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hal"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game played on a
board having 256 squares, by two persons with 19 men each, or by four
with 13 men each, starting from different corners and striving to
place each his own set of men in a corresponding position in the
opposite corner by moving them or by jumping them over those met in
progress.</def></p>

<p><hw>Halve</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Of a hole, match,
etc., to reach or play in the same number of strokes as an
opponent.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ha*mal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>hammal</i>, <i>hummaul</i>, <i>hamaul</i>, <i>khamal</i>, etc.]
[Turk. &amp; Ar. <i>hamm&amacr;l</i>, fr. Ar. <i>hamala</i> to carry.]
<def>In Turkey and other Oriental countries, a porter or burden
bearer; specif., in Western India, a palanquin bearer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"fat`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From a negro
minstrel song called "The <i>ham-fat</i> man."] <def>A low-grade actor
or performer.</def> [Theatrical Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Athletics)</i> <def>A
spherical weight attached to a flexible handle and hurled from a mark
or ring. The weight of head and handle is usually not less than 16
pounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ham"mer break</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An interrupter in which
contact is broken by the movement of an automatically vibrating hammer
between a contact piece and an electromagnet, or of a rapidly moving
piece mechanically driven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hammer lock</hw>. <i>(Wrestling)</i> <def>A hold in which an
arm of one contestant is held twisted and bent behind his back by his
opponent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gambling game played
by American Indians, consisting of guessing the whereabouts of bits of
ivory or the like, which are passed rapidly from hand to
hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hand"ball`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A ball for throwing or using with the hand.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A game played with such a ball, as by
players striking it to and fro between them with the hands, or
alternately against a wall, until one side or the other fails to
return the ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hang</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Cricket, Tennis,
etc.)</i> <def>Of a ball: To rebound unexpectedly or unusually slowly,
due to backward spin on the ball or imperfections of ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hang</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To prevent from
reaching a decision, esp. by refusing to join in a verdict that must
be unanimous; as, one obstinate juror can <i>hang</i> a
jury.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1986 !></p>

<p><hw>Hank</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Wrestling)</i> <def>A
throw in which a wrestler turns his left side to his opponent, twines
his left leg about his opponent's right leg from the inside, and
throws him backward.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ha"nuk*ka</hw>, or <hw>Ha"nuk*kah</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>khanukk&amacr;h</i>.] <def>The Jewish
Feast of the Dedication, instituted by Judas Maccab&aelig;us, his
brothers, and the whole congregation of Israel, in 165 <u>b. c.</u>,
to commemorate the dedication of the new altar set up at the
purification of the temple of Jerusalem to replace the altar which had
been polluted by Antiochus Epiphanes (<i>1 Maccabees i. 58, iv.
59</i>). The feast, which is mentioned in John x. 22, is held for
eight days (beginning with the 25th day of Kislev, corresponding to
December), and is celebrated everywhere, chiefly as a festival of
lights, by the Jews.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Haph*ta"rah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
taroth</b></plw> (#). [Heb. <i>hapht&amacr;r&amacr;h</i>, prop.,
valedictory, fr. <i>p&amacr;tar</i> to depart.] <def>One of the
lessons from the Nebiim (or Prophets) read in the Jewish synagogue on
Sabbaths, feast days, fasts, and the ninth of Ab, at the end of the
service, after the parashoth, or lessons from the Law. Such a practice
is evidenced in Luke iv.17 and Acts xiii.15.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hard steel</hw>. <def>Steel hardened by the addition of other
elements, as manganese, phosphorus, or (usually) carbon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Har"vey proc"ess</hw> (?). <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A process of
hardening the face of steel, as armor plates, invented by Hayward A.
<i>Harvey</i> of New Jersey, consisting in the additional carburizing
of the face of a piece of low carbon steel by subjecting it to the
action of carbon under long-continued pressure at a very high heat,
and then to a violent chilling, as by a spray of cold water. This
process gives an armor plate a thick surface of extreme hardness
supported by material gradually decreasing in hardness to the
unaltered soft steel at the back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haul"a*bout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bargelike
vessel with steel hull, large hatchways, and coal transporters, for
coaling war vessels from its own hold or from other
colliers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hav"ier</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Formerly <i>haver</i>,
prob. fr. <u>Half</u>; cf. L. <i>semimas</i> emasculated, prop., half
male.] <def>A castrated deer.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Haviers</i>, or stags which have been gelded when
young, have no horns.</blockquote>  <i>Encyc. of Sport.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hawk"eye` State</hw>. <def>Iowa; -- a nickname of obscure
origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Haz"ard</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>Any place
into which the ball may not be safely played, such as bunkers, furze,
water, sand, or other kind of bad ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Head"wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The source and
upper part of a stream; -- commonly used in the plural; as, the
<i>headwaters</i> of the Missouri.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hebrew calendar</hw>. <def>= Jewish calendar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heck"er*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The teaching of Isaac Thomas Hecker (1819-
88), which interprets Catholicism as promoting human aspirations after
liberty and truth, and as the religion best suited to the character
and institutions of the American people.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Improperly, certain views or principles erroneously ascribed to
Father Hecker in a French translation of Elliott's Life of Hecker.
They were condemned as "Americanism" by the Pope, in a letter to
Cardinal Gibbons, January 22, 1899.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hec"kle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To interrogate, or
ply with questions, esp. with severity or antagonism, as a candidate
for the ministry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Robert bore <i>heckling</i>, however, with great
patience and adroitness.</blockquote>  <i>Mrs. Humphry Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hedge"hog`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
variety of transformer with open magnetic circuit, the ends of the
iron wire core being turned outward and presenting a bristling
appearance, whence the name.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Golf)</i> <def>The part of the face of the club head nearest the
shaft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In a carding machine, the part of a flat
nearest the cylinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heel</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Golf)</i> <def>To hit (the ball) with the heel of the
club.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Football)</i> <def>To make (a fair catch)
standing with one foot advanced, the heel on the ground and the toe
up.</def></p>

<p><hw>Heel"path`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So called with a
play upon the words <i>tow</i> and <i>toe</i>.] <def>The bank of a
canal opposite, and corresponding to, that of the towpath; berm.</def>
[U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The Cowles found convenient spiles sunk in the
<i>heelpath</i>.</blockquote>  <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Heem"raad`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
raaden</b></plw> (#). [Sometimes, incorrectly, <i>Heemraat</i> or even
<i>Heemrad</i>.] [D. <i>heem</i> village + <i>raad</i> council,
councilor.] <def>In Holland, and, until the 19th century, also in Cape
Colony, a council to assist a local magistrate in the government of
rural districts; hence, also, a member of such a council.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Heft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>G. pl.</i>
<plw><b>Hefte</b></plw> (#). [G.] <def>A number of sheets of paper
fastened together, as for a notebook; also, a part of a serial
publication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The size of "<i>hefts</i>" will depend on the material
requiring attention, and the annual volume is to cost  about 15
marks.</blockquote>  <i>The Nation.</i></p>

<p><hw>He"li*o*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Helio-</i> +
<i>-gram</i>.] <def>A message transmitted by a heliograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"li*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To telegraph, or signal, with a
heliograph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To photograph by sunlight.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`li*o*graph"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to a description of the sun.</def></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Heliographic</i> longitudes and latitudes of spots on the
sun's surface are analogous to geographic longitudes and latitudes of
places on the earth.</p>

<p><hw>He`li*og"ra*phy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The description of the sun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The system, art, or practice of
telegraphing, or signaling, with the heliograph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>An early photographic process invented by
Nic&eacute;phore Niepce, and still used in photo-engraving. It
consists essentially in exposing under a design or in a camera a
polished metal plate coated with a preparation of asphalt, and
subsequently treating the plate with a suitable solvent. The light
renders insoluble those parts of the film which is strikes, and so a
permanent image is formed, which can be etched upon the plate by the
use of acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`li*o*grav"ure</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A plate or
picture made by the process of heliogravure.</def></p>

<p><hw>He"li*um</hw> (h&emacr;"l&ibreve;*&ubreve;m),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>"h`lios</grk> the sun.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An inert, monoatomic, gaseous element occurring in
the atmosphere of the sun and stars, and in small quantities in the
earth's atmosphere, in several minerals and in certain mineral waters.
Symbol, <i>He</i>; at. wt., 4. Helium was first detected
spectroscopically in the sun by Lockyer in 1868; it was first prepared
by Ramsay in 1895. Helium has a density of 1.98 compared with
hydrogen, and is more difficult to liquefy than the latter.
Chemically, it belongs to the argon group and cannot be made to form
compounds. It is a decomposition product of the radium
emanation.</def></p>

<p><hw>He`ma*tin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Hematin</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Any substance, such as an iron
salt or organic compound containing iron, which when ingested tends to
increase the hemoglobin contents of the blood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hen`ri*et"ta cloth`</hw> (?). <def>A fine wide wooled fabric
much used for women's dresses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hep"pel*white</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Furniture)</i>
<def>Designating a light and elegant style developed in England under
George III., chiefly by Messrs. A.Heppelwhite &amp; Co.</def></p>

<p><hw>Her"mit</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A
spiced molasses cooky, often containing chopped raisins and
nuts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Her"ren*haus`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., House of
Lords.] <def>See <u>Legislature</u>, <i>Austria</i>,
<i>Prussia</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hertz"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pert. to
the German physicist Heinrich Hertz.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Hertzian telegraphy</b></col>, <cd>telegraphy by means of
the Hertzian waves; wireless telegraphy.</cd> -- <col><b>H.
waves</b></col>, <cd>electric waves; -- so called because Hertz was
the first to investigate them systematically. His apparatus consisted
essentially in an <i>oscillator</i> for producing the waves, and a
<i>resonator</i> for detecting them. The waves were found to have the
same velocity as light, and to undergo reflection, refraction, and
polarization.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Her"zog</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., akin to AS.
<i>heretoga</i>, lit., army leader. See <u>Harry</u>, and
<u>Duke</u>.] <def>A member of the highest rank of nobility in Germany
and Austria, corresponding to the British duke.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||He*t&aelig;"ra</hw> (?), <hw>||He*tai"ra</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-r&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [NL. See
<u>Hetairism</u>.] <i>(Gr. Antiq.)</i> <def>A female paramour; a
mistress, concubine, or harlot.</def> -- <wf>He*t&aelig;"ric</wf>,
<wf>He*tai"ric</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Het`er*&oelig;"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Hetero-</i> + Gr. &?; house.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Passing through
the different stages in its life history on an alternation of hosts,
as the common wheat-rust fungus (<i>Puccinia graminis</i>), and
certain other parasitic fungi; -- contrasted with
<i>aut&oelig;cious</i>.</def> -- <wf>Het`er*&oelig;"cism</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hex"a*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Hexa-</i> + <i>-
gram</i>.] <def>A figure of six lines</def>; specif.:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A figure composed of two equal triangles
intersecting so that each side of one triangle is parallel to a side
of the other, and the six points coincide with those of a
hexagon.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In Chinese literature, one of
the sixty-four figures formed of six parallel lines (continuous or
broken), forming the basis of the Yih King, or "Book of
Changes."</def>  <i>S. W. Williams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hex"ose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Hexa-</i> + <i>-
ose</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any member of a group of sugars
containing six carbon atoms in the molecule. Some are widely
distributed in nature, esp. in ripe fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hi*dro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also, but
incorrectly, <i>idrosis</i>.] [NL., fr. Gr. &?; to sweat, &?; sweat.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Excretion of sweat;
perspiration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Excessive perspiration;
also, any skin disease characterized by abnormal
perspiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi*drot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; sudorific.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Causing perspiration; diaphoretic or
sudorific.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hi*drot"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A medicine that
causes perspiration; a diaphoretic or a sudorific.</def></p>

<p><hw>High"boy`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One who lives high; also, in politics, a highflyer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of set of drawers.</def> [U. S.]
"Mahogany <i>highboys</i> glittering with brass handles."  <i>K. L.
Bates.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"er crit"i*cism</hw>. <def>Criticism which includes the
study of the contents, literary character, date, authorship, etc., of
any writing; as, the <i>higher criticism</i> of the Pentateuch. Called
also <i>historical criticism</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The comparison of the Hebrew and Greek texts . . .
introduces us to a series of questions affecting the composition, the
editing, and the collection of the sacred books. This class of
questions forms the special subject of the branch of critical science
which is usually distinguished from the verbal criticism of the text
by the name of <i>higher</i>, or <i>historical</i>,
<i>criticism</i>.</blockquote>  <i>W. Robertson Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>High"er-up"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A superior officer
or official; -- used chiefly in <i>pl</i>.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Higher thought</hw>. <def>See <u>New thought</u>,
below.</def></p>

<p><hw>High five</hw>. <def>See <u>Cinch</u> (the game).</def></p>

<p><hw>High steel</hw>. <def>Steel containing a high percentage of
carbon; high-carbon steel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hike</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hiked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hiking</u>.] [Cf. <u>Hitch</u>.] <def>To move with a swing, toss,
throw, jerk, or the like.</def> [Dial. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hike</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To hike one's self;
specif., to go with exertion or effort; to tramp; to march
laboriously.</def> [Dial. or Colloq.] "If you persist in heaving and
<i>hiking</i> like this."  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It's <i>hike</i>, <i>hike</i>, <i>hike</i> (march) till
you stick in the mud, and then you <i>hike</i> back again a little
slower than you went.</blockquote>  <i>Scribner's Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hike</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of hiking; a
tramp; a march.</def> [Dial. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>With every <i>hike</i> there's a few laid out with
their hands crossed.</blockquote>  <i>Scribner's Mag.</i></p>

<p>{<hw>Hin"doo</hw>, or <hw>Hindu, calendar</hw>  }. <def>A lunisolar
calendar of India, according to which the year is divided into twelve
months, with an extra month inserted after every month in which two
new moons occur (once in three years).</def> The intercalary month has
the name of the one which precedes it. The year usually commences
about April 11. The months are follows:</p>

<p><table><pre>
Baisakh . . . . . . . . . .    April-May
Jeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . May-June
Asarh . . . . . . . . . . . .  June-July
Sawan (Sarawan) . . . . . . .  July-Aug.
Bhadon . . . . . . . . . . .   Aug.-Sept.
Asin (Kuar). . . . . . . . . . Sept.-Oct.
Katik (Kartik) . . . . . . . . Oct.-Nov.
Aghan . . . . . . . . . . . .  Nov.-Dec.
Pus . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Dec.-Jan.
Magh . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jan.-Feb.
Phagun (Phalgun) . . . . . . . Feb.-March
Chait . . . . . . . . . . . .  March-April
</pre></table></p>

<p><hw>Hin"ter*land`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.; <i>hinter</i>
behind + <i>land</i> land.] <def>The land or region lying behind the
coast district. The term is used esp. with reference to the so-called
<col><b>doctrine of the hinterland</b></col>, sometimes advanced, that
occupation of the coast supports a claim to an exclusive right to
occupy, from time to time, the territory lying inland of the
coast.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Hipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>Hype</hw>  }.
[Etym. uncertain.] <i>(Wrestling)</i> <def>A throw in which the
wrestler lifts his opponent from the ground, swings him to one side,
knocks up his nearer thigh from the back with the knee, and throws him
on his back.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hipe</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Hiped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Hiping</u> (?).] <i>(Wrestling)</i> <def>To throw by means of a
hipe.</def> -- <wf>Hip"er</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hip lock</hw>. <i>(Wrestling)</i> <def>A lock in which a close
grip is obtained and a fall attempted by a heave over the
hip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hip"po*drome</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Sports)</i> <def>A
fraudulent contest with a predetermined winner.</def> [Slang, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hip"po*drome</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>-dromed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>-droming</u>.] <i>(Sports)</i> <def>To arrange contests with
predetermined winners.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Hire purchase</hw>, <i>or, more fully</i>, <hw>Hire purchase
agreement</hw>, <i>or</i> <hw>Hire and purchase agreement</hw>}.
<i>(Law)</i> <def>A contract (more fully called contract of hire with
an option of purchase) in which a person hires goods for a specified
period and at a fixed rent, with the added condition that if he shall
retain the goods for the full period and pay all the installments of
rent as they become due the contract shall determine and the title
vest absolutely in him, and that if he chooses he may at any time
during the term surrender the goods and be quit of any liability for
future installments upon the contract. In the United States such a
contract is generally treated as a conditional sale, and the term
<i>hire purchase</i> is also sometimes applied to a contract in which
the hirer is not free to avoid future liability by surrender of the
goods. In England, however, if the hirer does not have this right the
contract is a sale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hit"tite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Heb.
<i>Khitt&imacr;m</i> Hittites.] <def>A member of an ancient people (or
perhaps group of peoples) whose settlements extended from Armenia
westward into Asia Minor and southward into Palestine. They are known
to have been met along the Orontes as early as 1500 <u>b. c.</u>, and
were often at war with the Egyptians and Assyrians. Especially in the
north they developed a considerable civilization, of which numerous
monuments and inscriptions are extant. Authorities are not agreed as
to their race. While several attempts have been made to decipher the
Hittite characters, little progress has yet been made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hit"torf rays</hw> (?). <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Rays (chiefly
cathode rays) developed by the electric discharge in Hittorf
tubes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hit"torf tube</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
highly exhausted glass tube with metallic electrodes nearly in contact
so as to exhibit the insulating effects of a vacuum. It was used by
the German physicist W. Hittorf (b. 1824).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A Crookes tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A peg, pin, or mark used as
a target in some games, as an iron pin in quoits; also, a game in
which such a target is used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The
male ferret.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hob"ble skirt</hw>. <def>A woman's skirt so scant at the bottom
as to restrain freedom of movement after the fashion of a
hobble.</def> -- <wf>Hob"ble-skirt`ed</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ho"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Hobos</b></plw> or <plw><b>Hoboes</b></plw> (#). [Of uncertain
origin.] <def>A professional tramp; one who spends his life traveling
from place to place, esp. by stealing rides on trains, and begging for
a living.</def> [U. S.] -- <wf>Ho"bo*ism</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hol"arc*tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Holo-</i> +
<i>arctic</i>.] <def>Of or pert. to the arctic regions
collectively</def>; specif. <i>(Zo&ouml;geography)</i>,
<def>designating a realm or region including the northern parts of the
Old and the New World. It comprises the <i>Palearctic</i> and
<i>Nearctic</i> regions or subregions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hold</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> -- <col><b>To hold
up</b></col>. <cd>To stop in order to rob, often with the demand to
hold up the hands.</cd> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Hole</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Games)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small cavity used in some games, usually
one into which a marble or ball is to be played or driven; hence, a
score made by playing a marble or ball into such a hole, as in
golf.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Fives)</i> <def>At Eton College,
England, that part of the floor of the court between the step and the
pepperbox.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hole in the air</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>= <u>Air
hole</u>, above.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Hol`lan*daise" sauce</hw>, or <hw>Hol`lan*daise"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>hollandaise</i>, fem. of <i>hollandais</i>
Dutch.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A sauce consisting essentially of a
seasoned emulsion of butter and yolk of eggs with a little lemon juice
or vinegar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hol"lus*chick`ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp;  pl.</i></pos>
[Prob. of Russ. <i>goluishka</i> bare of possessions, offspring, etc.,
fr. <i>golui&ibreve;</i> naked.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A young male
fur seal, esp. one from three to six years old; -- called also
<i>bachelor</i>, because prevented from breeding by the older full-
grown males.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The <i>holluschickie</i> are the seals that may legally be
killed for their skins.</p>

<p><blockquote>But he'll lie down on the killing grounds where the
<i>holluschickie</i> go.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hol"stein</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a breed of cattle, originally from Schleswig-
<i>Holstein</i>, valued for the large amount of milk produced by the
cows. The color is usually black and white in irregular
patches.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1987 !></p>

<p><hw>Home</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In various games, the
ultimate point aimed at in a progress; goal</def>; as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>The plate at which the
batter stands.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Lacrosse)</i> <def>The
place of a player in front of an opponent's goal; also, the
player.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hom"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>p.a.</i></pos> <def>Home-
returning.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Homing pigeon</b></col>, <cd>a pigeon trained to return
home from a distance. Homing pigeons are used for sending back
messages or for flying races. By carrying the birds away and releasing
them at gradually increasing distances from home, they may be trained
to return with more or less certainty and promptness from distances up
to four or five hundred miles. If the distance is increased much
beyond this, the birds are unable to cover it without stopping for a
prolonged rest, and their return becomes doubtful. Homing pigeons are
not bred for fancy points or special colors, but for strength, speed,
endurance, and intelligence or homing instinct.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hone</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>honger</i> to
grumble.] <def>To grumble; pine; lament; long.</def> [Dial.Eng. &
Southern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hon"ey*ber`ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
berries</b></plw>. <def>The fruit of either of two trees having
sweetish berries: <i>(a)</i> An Old World hackberry (<i>Celtis
australis</i>). <i>(b)</i> In the West Indies, the genip (<i>Melicocca
bijuga</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hon"v&eacute;d</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hung.
<i>honv&emacr;d</i>; <i>hon</i> home + <i>v&emacr;d</i> defense.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The Hungarian army in the revolutionary war of
1848-49.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>=
<u>Honv&eacute;ds&eacute;g</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hon"v&eacute;d*s&eacute;g`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Hung. <i>honv&emacr;ds&emacr;g</i>; <i>honv&emacr;d + s&emacr;g</i>,
an abstract or collective suffix.] <i>(Hungary)</i> <def>See <u>Army
organization</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hoo"doo</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To be a hoodoo to;
to bring bad luck to by occult influence; to bewitch.</def> [Colloq.,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hoo"doo</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A natural rock pile or
pinnacle of fantastic shape.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Hoof</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>On the
hoof</b></col>, <cd>of cattle, standing (on the hoof); not
slaughtered.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Hook</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A spit or
narrow cape of sand or gravel turned landward at the outer end; as,
Sandy <i>Hook</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hook</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move or go with a
sudden turn;</def> hence [Slang or Prov. Eng.], <def>to make off; to
clear out; -- often with <i>it</i>.</def> "Duncan was wounded, and the
escort <i>hooked</i> it."  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hook"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>hookey</i>.] [Cf. <u>Hook</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 3.] <def>A
word used only in the expression <i>to play hooky</i>, to run away, to
play truant.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This talk about boys . . . playing ball, and
"<i>hooky</i>," and marbles, was all moonshine.</blockquote>  <i>F.
Hopkinson Smith.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hoo"sier State</hw>. <def>Indiana; -- a nickname of obscure
origin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hop"per*doz`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Hopper</i>
(as in grass<i>hopper</i>) + <i>doze</i> or <i>dose</i>; because
conceived as putting insects to sleep or as dosing them with poison.]
<i>(Agric.)</i> <def>An appliance for the destruction of insects,
consisting of a shallow iron box, containing kerosene or coated with
tar or other sticky substance, which may be mounted on
wheels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hor"mone</hw> (h&ocirc;r"m&omacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
Gr. <grk>"orma`ein</grk> to excite.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A
chemical substance formed in one organ and carried in the circulation
to another organ on which it exerts a stimulating effect; thus,
according to Starling, the gastric glands are stimulated by a
<i>hormone</i> from the pyloric mucous membrane.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hors` d'&oelig;uvre"</hw> (?); pl. <plw><b>Hors
d'&oelig;uveres</b></plw> (#). [F., lit., outside of work.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Something unusual or extraordinary.</def>
[R.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A dish served as a relish, usually at the
beginning of a meal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Student Slang)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A translation or other illegitimate aid in
study or examination; -- called also <i>trot</i>, <i>pony</i>,
<i>Dobbin</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Horseplay;
tomfoolery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Horse"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being without a
horse; specif., not requiring a horse; -- said of certain vehicles in
which horse power has been replaced by electricity, steam, etc.; as, a
<i>horseless</i> carriage or truck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Host</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Any animal
or plant affording lodgment or subsistence to a parasitic or commensal
organism. Thus a tree is a <i>host</i> of an air plant growing upon
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Host plant</hw>. <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A plant which aids,
shelters, or protects another plant in its growth, as those which are
used for nurse crops.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Hot bulb</hw>, <hw>Hot pot</hw>}. <i>(Internal-combustion
Engines)</i> <def>See <u>Semi-diesel</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hotch"kiss gun</hw> (?) [After Benjamin B. <i>Hotchkiss</i>
(1826-85), American inventor.] <def>A built-up, rifled, rapid-fire gun
of oil-tempered steel, having a rectangular breechblock which moves
horizontally or vertically in a mortise cut completely through the
jacket. It is made in France.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hot"-short`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Cold-short</u>.]
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>Brittle when heated, esp. beyond a red heat; as,
<i>hot-short</i> iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hous*to"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named
after Dr. William <i>Houston</i>, an English surgeon and botanist.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of small rubiaceous herbs, having
tetramerous salveform blue or white flower. There are about twenty
species, natives of North America. Also, a plant of this
genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hsien</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [Chin.] <def>An
administrative subdivision of a fu, or department, or of an
independent chow; also, the seat of government of such a
district.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hua*ra"cho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Huarachos</b></plw> (#). [Amer. Sp., also <i>guaracha</i>,
<i>guarache</i>, <i>huarache</i>, prob. of Mexican origin.] <def>A
kind of sandal worn by Indians and the lower classes generally; --
usually used in <i>pl.</i></def> [Southern U. S. &amp; Mex.]</p>

<p><hw>Hump</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To form into a hump; to make hump-shaped; to hunch; -- often with
<i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The cattle were very uncomfortable, standing
<i>humped</i> up in the bushes.</blockquote>  <i>T. Roosvelt.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To put or carry on the (humped) back; to
shoulder; hence, to carry, in general.</def> [Slang, Australia]</p>

<p><blockquote>Having collected a sufficient quantity, we
<i>humped</i> it out of the bush.</blockquote>  <i>C. L.
Money.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To bend or gather together for strenuous
effort, as in running; to do or effect by such effort; to exert; --
usually reflexively or with <i>it</i>; as, you must <i>hump</i>
yourself.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A half dozen other negroes, some limping and all
scared, were <i>humping</i> it across a meadow.</blockquote>
<i>McClure's Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hump"backed` salm"on</hw>. <def>A small salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus
gorbuscha</i>) which ascends the rivers of the Pacific coast from
California to Alaska, and also on the Asiatic side. In the breeding
season the male has a large dorsal hump and distorted jaws.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hum"strum`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An instrument
out of tune or rudely constructed; music badly played.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hunch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strong, intuitive
impression that something will happen; -- said to be from the
gambler's superstition that it brings luck to touch the hump of a
hunchback.</def> [Colloq. or Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Hun"kers</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See
<u>Hunker</u>.] <def>In the phrase <i>on one's hunkers</i>, in a
squatting or crouching position.</def> [Scot. &amp; Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Sit <i>on your hunkers</i> -- and pray for the
bridge.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hunk"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Perh. fr. <u>Hunk</u>.]
<def>All right; in a good condition; also, even; square.</def> [Slang,
U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>He . . . began to shoot; began to get "<i>hunky</i>"
with all those people who had been plugging at him.</blockquote>
<i>Stephen Crane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hunt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>To be in a state of instability of movement or
forced oscillation, as a governor which has a large movement of the
balls for small change of load, an arc-lamp clutch mechanism which
moves rapidly up and down with variations of current, or the like;
also, to seesaw, as a pair of alternators working in
parallel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Change Ringing)</i> <def>To shift up and
down in order regularly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hunt</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Change Ringing)</i>
<def>To move or shift the order of (a bell) in a regular course of
changes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hus"ky</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Powerful; strong;
burly.</def> [Colloq., U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A good, <i>husky</i> man to pitch in the
barnyard.</blockquote>  <i>Hamlin Garland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Hus"ky</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
kies</b></plw> (#). [Cf. <u>Eskimo</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
Eskimo; also, an Eskimo dog.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The Eskimo language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hut"ton*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after two
English bonesetters, Richard and Robert <i>Hutton</i>, who made it a
part of their method.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Forcible manipulation of a
dislocated, stiff, or painful joint.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"brid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>A
word composed of elements which belong to different
languages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"brid*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>To produce hybrid offspring; to interbreed; to cross.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hydro-
a&euml;roplane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro-a"&euml;r*o*plane`</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>An a&euml;roplane with a boatlike or other understructure that
enables it to travel on, or to rise from the surface of, a body of
water by its own motive power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*bi"plane</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hydro-
a&euml;roplane having two supporting planes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drol"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Hydro-</i>, 1
+ <i>-lysis</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A chemical process involving the
addition of the elements of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*plane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hydro-
</i>, 1 + <i>plane</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A plane, or any of a
number of planes, projecting from the hull of a submarine boat, which
by being elevated or depressed cause the boat, when going ahead, to
sink or rise, after the manner of an a&euml;roplane.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A projecting plane or fin on a gliding
boat to lift the moving boat on top of the water; also, a gliding
boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*plane</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Of a boat, to
plane (see <u>Plane</u>, below).</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*pneu*mat"ic gun carriage</hw>. <i>(Ordnance)</i> <def>A
disappearing gun carriage in which the recoil is checked by cylinders
containing liquid and air, the air when compressed furnishing the
power for restoring the gun to the firing position. It is used with
some English and European heavy guns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>hydro-
</i>, 1 + <i>sphere</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>The
aqueous vapor of the entire atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>The aqueous envelope
of the earth, including the ocean, all lakes, streams, and underground
waters, and the aqueous vapor in the atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy"dro*stat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A device, usually
electrical, for indicating or regulating the height of water in a
reservoir or receptacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy`dro*ther`a*peu"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Hydro-</i>, 1 + <i>therapeutics</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A system
of treating disease by baths and mineral waters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hy*drot"ro*pism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>In a broader sense, any curvature or turning induced in certain
growing plant organs under the influence of moisture.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When the movement is toward the moisture, as is the case in
most roots, the phenomenon is called <i>positive hydrotropism</i>;
when away from the moisture, as in the case of hyphae of certain
fungi, <i>negative hydrotropism</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Hy`e*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + rain
<i>-logy</i>.] <def>The science which treats of the precipitation of
rain, snow, etc.</def> -- <wf>Hy`e*to*log"ic*al</wf> (&?;),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Hyk"sos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, fr. Egypt.
<i>hikshasu</i> chiefs of the Bedouins, shepherds.] <def>A dynasty of
Egyptian kings, often called the <i>Shepherd kings</i>, of foreign
origin, who, according to the narrative of Manetho, ruled for about
500 years, forming the XVth and XVIth dynasties. It is now considered
that the XVIth is merely a double of the XVth dynasty, and that the
total period of the six Hyksos kings was little more than 100 years.
It is supposed that they were Asiatic Semites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp`al*le"lo*morph</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Allelomorph</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hyp"no*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-
scope</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for ascertaining the
susceptibility of a person to hypnotic influences.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Hyp*no"sis</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The condition of
being hypnotized.</def></p>

<p><hw>Hys`ter*et"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Of or pert. to hysteresis.</def> -- <col><b>Hysteretic
constant</b></col>, <cd>the hysteretic loss in ergs per cubic
centimeter per cycle.</cd></p>

<p><point26>I.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Ib"sen*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The dramatic
practice or purpose characteristic of the writings of Henrik Ibsen
(1828-1906), Norwegian poet and dramatist, whose best-known plays deal
with conventional hypocrisies, the story in each play thus developing
a definite moral problem.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ich"thy*ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, a fish
+ (prob.) L. <i>ol</i>eum oil; but cf. <u>Ichthyolite</u>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An oily substance prepared by the dry distillation
of a bituminous mineral containing fossil fishes. It is used in
medicine as a remedy in some forms of skin diseases.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"con</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gr. Ch.)</i> <def>A sacred
picture representing the Virgin Mary, Christ, a saint, or a martyr,
and having the same function as an image of such a person in the Latin
Church.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*con"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Iconography</u>.] <def>An engraving or other picture or
illustration for a book.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`co*no*ma"ni*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Icon</u>, and <u>Mania</u>.] <def>A mania or infatuation for icons,
whether as objects of devotion, bric-a-brac, or curios.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*de"al*ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The practice or
habit of giving or attributing ideal form or character to things;
treatment of things in art or literature according to ideal standards
or patterns; -- opposed to <i>realism</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>I*den"tic</hw>, <hw>I*den"tic*al</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In diplomacy (esp. in the form
<i>identic</i>), precisely agreeing in sentiment or opinion and form
or manner of expression; -- applied to concerted action or language
which is used by two or more governments in treating with another
government.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"do</hw> (&emacr;"d&omacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
artificial international language, selected by the "Delegation for the
Adoption of an Auxillary International Language" (founded at Paris in
1901), made public in 1907, and subsequently greatly revised and
extended by a permanent committee or "Academy." It combines
systematically the advantages of previous schemes with a thoroughly
logical word formation, and has neither accented constants nor
arbitrarily coined pronominal words. For each idea that root is
selected which is already most international, on the principle of the
"greatest facility for the greatest number of people." The word "Ido"
means in the language itself "offspring." The official name is:
"Linguo Internaciona di la Delegitaro (Sistema Ido)."</def> --
<wf>I"dism</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>I"dist</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||I*do"lum</hw> (?), <hw>||I*do"lon</hw> (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>Idola</b></plw> (#). [L. See
<u>Idol</u>; cf. <u>Eidolon</u>.] <def>Appearance or image; a
phantasm; a spectral image; also, a mental image or idea.</def></p>

<p><hw>IHVH</hw>. [Written also <i>JHVH</i>, <i>YHVH</i>.] <def>A
transliteration of the four constants forming the Hebrew
tetragrammaton or "incommunicable name" of the Supreme Being, which in
latter Jewish tradition is not pronounced save with the vowels of
<i>adonai</i> or <i>elohim</i>, so that the true pronunciation is
lost.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Numerous attempts have been made to represent the supposed
original form of the word, as Jahaveh, Jahvaj, Jahve, Jahveh, Yahve,
Yahveh, Yahwe, Yahweh, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Im*mune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is immune;
esp., a person who is immune from a disease by reason of previous
affection with the disease or inoculation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*mun"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state of being
insusceptible to poison, the contagion of disease, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Im`passe"</hw> (&abreve;N`p&auml;s"; E. &ibreve;m*p&adot;s"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An impassable road or way; a  blind
alley; cul-de-sac; fig., a position or predicament affording no
escape.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The issue from the present <i>impasse</i> will, in all
probability, proceed from below, not from above.</blockquote>
<i>Arnold White.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*ped"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Impede</i> +
<i>-ance</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The apparent resistance in an
electric circuit to the flow of an alternating current, analogous to
the actual electrical resistance to a direct current, being the ratio
of electromotive force to the current. It is equal to <i>R<sup>2</sup>
+ X<sup>2</sup></i>, where <i>R</i> = ohmic resistance, <i>X</i> =
reactance. For an inductive circuit, <i>X = 2&pi;fL</i>, where
<i>f</i> = frequency and <i>L</i> = self-inductance; for a circuit
with capacity <i>X = 1 &divide; 2&pi;fC</i>, where <i>C</i> =
capacity.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Im*ped`i*men"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [L. See
<u>Impediment</u>, <u>Impede</u>.] <def>Things which impede or hinder
progress; incumbrances; baggage;</def> specif. <i>(Mil.)</i>, <def>the
supply trains which must accompany an army.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the plains they will have horses dragging travoises,
dogs with travoises, women and children loaded with
<i>impedimenta</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Julian Ralph.</i></p>

<p><hw>Im*pe"ri*al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game at cards
differing from piquet in some minor details, and in having a trump;
also, any one of several combinations of cards which score in this
game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Im*pe"ri*al*ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The policy,
practice, or advocacy of seeking, or acquiescing in, the extension of
the control, dominion, or empire of a nation, as by the acquirement of
new, esp. distant, territory or dependencies, or by the closer union
of parts more or less independent of each other for operations of war,
copyright, internal commerce, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The tide of English opinion began to turn about 1870,
and since then it has run with increasing force in the direction of
what is called <i>imperialism</i>.</blockquote>  <i>James
Bryce.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1988 !></p>

<p><hw>||Im*pe"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Imperia</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Empire</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Supreme power; absolute dominion;
empire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Law)</i> <def>The right to command, which
includes the right to employ the force of the state to enforce the
laws. It is one of the principal attributes of the executive
power.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Im"pi</hw> (&ibreve;m"p&ibreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Zulu.] <def>A body of Kaffir warriors; a body of native armed
men.</def> [South Africa]</p>

<p><blockquote>As early as 1862 he crossed assagais with and defeated
a Matabili <i>impi</i> (war band).</blockquote>  <i>James
Bryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*au`gu*ra"tion Day</hw>. <def>The day on which the President
of the United States is inaugurated, the 4th of March in every year
next after a year divisible by four.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`croy`a"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., lit.,
incredible.] <def>A French fop or dandy of the time of the Directory;
hence, any fop.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The name is said to have been given in allusion not only to
the extravagant dress, but also to the frequent use of the phrase
"<i>C'est vraiment incroyable</i>" (That is really incredible.).</p>

<p><hw>In"cu*ba`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A contrivance for the cultivation of micro&ouml;rganisms by
maintaining a suitable temperature.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An apparatus for rearing
prematurely born babies.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`de*pend"ence Day</hw>. <def>In the United States, a holiday,
the 4th of July, commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of
Independence on that day in 1776.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"dex</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The ratio, or formula
expressing the ratio, of one dimension of a thing to another
dimension; as, the vertical <i>index</i> of the cranium.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"di*a steel</hw>. <def>Same as <u>Wootz</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`di*vid"u*al*ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principle, policy, or practice of maintaining individuality, or
independence of the individual, in action; the theory or practice of
maintaining the independence of individual initiative, action, and
interests, as in industrial organization or in government.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`do-Ar"yan</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pert. to the Indo-
Aryans, or designating, or of, the Aryan languages of India.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`do-Ar"yan</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of one of
the native races of India of Aryan speech and blood, characterized by
tall stature, dolichocephaly, fair complexion with dark hair and eyes,
plentiful beard, and narrow and prominent nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`do-Chi*nese"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of or pertaining to Indo-China.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Of or pert. to the Mongoloid races of
India, esp. Farther India, or designating, or of, their
languages.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tradition and comparative philology agree in pointing
to northwestern China, between the upper courses of the Yang-tsekiang
and of the Ho-ang-ho, as the original home of the <i>Indo-Chinese</i>
race.</blockquote>  <i>Census of India, 1901.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`do-do-Chinese languages</hw>. <def>A family of languages,
mostly of the isolating type, although some are agglutinative, spoken
in the great area extending from northern India in the west to Formosa
in the east and from Central Asia in the north to the Malay Peninsula
in the south.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`do-Eu`ro*pe"an</hw>. <def>A member of one of the Caucasian
races of Europe or India speaking an Indo-European language.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Professor Otto Schrader . . . considers that the oldest
probable domicile of the <i>Indo-Europeans</i> is to be sought for on
the common borderland of Asia and of Europe, -- in the steppe country
of southern Russia.</blockquote>  <i>Census of India, 1901.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`do*ne"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Indo-</i> +
Gr. &?; island.] <def>Of or pertaining to Indonesia or
Indonesians.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`do*ne"sian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of a
race forming the chief pre-Malay population of the Malay Archipelago,
and probably sprung from a mixture of Polynesian and Mongoloid
immigrants. According to Keane, the autochthonous Negritos were
largely expelled by the Caucasian Polynesians, themselves followed by
Mongoloid peoples of Indo-Chinese affinities, from mixture with whom
sprang the <col><b>Indonesian race</b></col>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The term <i>Indonesian</i>, introduced by Logan to
designate the light-colored non-Malay inhabitants of the Eastern
Archipelago, is now used as a convenient collective name for all the
peoples of Malaysia and Polynesia who are neither Malay nor Papuans,
but of Caucasic type.  . . . The true <i>Indonesians</i> are of tall
stature (5 ft. 10 in.), muscular frame, rather oval features, high,
open forehead, large straight or curved nose, large full eyes always
horizontal and with no trace of the third lid, light brown complexion
(cinnamon or ruddy brown), long black hair, not lank but often
slightly curled or wavy, skull generally brachycephalous like that of
the melanochroic European.</blockquote>  <i>A. H. Keane.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Indonesians</i> [of the Philippines], with the
tribal population of some 251, 200, live almost exclusively on the
great island of Mindanao. They are not only physically superior to the
Negritos, but to the peoples of the Malayan race as well, and are, as
a rule, quite intelligent.</blockquote>  <i>Rep. Phil. Com. ,
1902.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*duced" cur"rent</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A current due to
variation in the magnetic field surrounding its conductor.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*duc"tance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Capacity for induction; the coefficient of self-
induction.</def></p>

<p>&fist; The unit of inductance is the <i>henry</i>.</p>

<p><hw>In*duc"tance coil</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A choking
coil.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*duc"tion gen"er*a`tor</hw>. <def>A machine built as an
induction motor and driven above synchronous speed, thus acting as an
alternating-current generator; -- called also <i>asynchronous
generator</i>. Below synchronism the machine takes in electrical
energy and acts as an induction motor; at synchronism the power
component of current becomes zero and changes sign, so that above
synchronism the machine (driven for this purpose by mechanical power)
gives out electrical energy as a generator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Induction motor</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A type of
alternating-current motor comprising two wound members, one
stationary, called the <i>stator</i>, and the other rotating, called
the <i>rotor</i>, these two members corresponding to a certain extent
to the field and armature of a direct-current motor.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ed"i*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [LL.
<i>inedibilis</i>. See <u>In-</u> not, and <u>Edible</u>.] <def>Not
edible; not fit for food.</def> -- <wf>In*ed`i*bil"i*ty</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>In"fan*tile pa*ral"y*sis</hw>. <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An acute
disease, almost exclusively infantile, characterized by inflammation
of the anterior horns of the gray substance of the spinal cord. It is
attended with febrile symptoms, motor paralysis, and muscular atrophy,
often producing permanent deformities. Called also <i>acute anterior
poliomyelitis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*farct"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Infarce</u>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An obstruction or
embolus.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The morbid condition of a
limited area resulting from such obstruction; as, a hemorrhagic
<i>infarct</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fec"tious dis*ease"</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
disease caused by the entrance, growth, and multiplication of bacteria
or protozoans in the body; a germ disease. It may not be
contagious.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Sometimes, as distinguished
from <i>contagious disease</i>, such a disease communicated by germs
carried in the air or water, and thus spread without contact with the
patient, as measles.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*fer"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Infernal</u>.] <def>The infernal regions; hell. Also used
fig.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>At each sudden explosion in the <i>inferno</i> below
they sprang back from the brink [of the volcanic crater].</blockquote>
<i>D. C. Worcester.</i></p>

<p><hw>In`fra-red"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Infra-</i> +
<i>red</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Lying outside the visible spectrum
at its red end; -- said of rays less refrangible than the extreme red
rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In`g&eacute;`nue"</hw> (&abreve;N`zh&asl;`n&usdot;"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-nues</b></plw> (#). [F., fem. of
<i>ing&eacute;nu</i> ingenious.] <def>An ingenuous or na&iuml;ve girl
or young woman, or an actress representing such a person.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"got steel</hw>. <def>Steel cast in ingots from the Bessemer
converter or open-hearth furnace.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*i"ti*a*tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Political
Science)</i> <def>The right or procedure by which legislation may be
introduced or enacted directly by the people, as in the Swiss
Confederation and in many of the States of the United States; --
chiefly used with <i>the</i>. The procedure of the initiative is
essentially as follows: Upon the filing of a petition signed by a
required number or percentage of qualified voters the desired measure
must be submitted to a popular vote, and upon receiving the required
majority (commonly a majority of those voting on the measure
submitted) it becomes a law. In some States of the United States the
initiative is only local; in others it is state-wide and includes the
making of constitutional amendments.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"pa`tient</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A patient who
receives lodging and food, as well as treatment, in a hospital or an
infirmary; -- distinguished from <i>outpatient</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In rem</hw> (?). [L.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>Lit., in or against a
(or the) thing;</def> -- used: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> Of any right
(called <col><b>right, or jus</b></col>, <col><b>in rem</b></col>) of
such a nature as to be available over its subject without reference to
one person more than another, or, as generally expressed, a right
competent, or available, against all persons. Rights <i>in rem</i>
include not alone rights over physical property, but all rights
available against all persons indifferently, as those of life,
liberty, and reputation. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Of actions for recovering
or reducing to possession or enjoyment a specific object, as in the
enforcement of maritime liens against a vessel, which is made the
defendant by a sort of personification. Most actions for the specific
recovery of property in English and American law are in the nature of
actions in personam against a person alleged to be unlawfully
withholding the property.</p>

<p><hw>||In"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap. <i>inr&omacr;</i>;
<i>in</i> seal + <i>r&omacr;</i> box.] <def>A small closed receptacle
or set of receptacles of hard material, as lacquered wood, iron,
bronze, or ivory, used by the Japanese to hold medicines, perfumes,
and the like, and carried in the girdle. It is usually secured by a
silk cord by which the wearer may grasp it, which cord passes through
an ornamental button or knob called a netsuke.</def></p>

<p><hw>||In si"tu</hw> (?). [L.] <def>In its natural or original
position  or place; in position; -- said specif., in geology, of a
rock, soil, or fossil, when in the situation in which it was
originally formed or deposited.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"stroke`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inward
stroke; specif., in a steam or other engine, a stroke in which the
piston is moving away from the crank shaft; -- opposed to
<i>outstroke</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`stru*men"tal*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The view that the sanction of truth is its
utility, or that truth is genuine only in so far as it is a valuable
instrument.</def> -- <wf>In`stru*men"tal*ist</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Instrumentalism</i> views truth as simply the value
belonging to certain ideas in so far as these ideas are biological
functions of our organisms, and psychological functions whereby we
direct our choices and attain our successes.</blockquote>  <i>Josiah
Royce.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*suf"flate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Insufflation</u>.] <def>To blow upon; to breath upon or into; to
use insufflation upon.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`su*la"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The material or
substance used in insulating.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"swept`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Narrowed at the
forward end; -- said of an automobile frame when the side members are
closer together at the forward end than at the rear.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ten"sive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i>
<def>Designating, or pertaining to, any system of farming or
horticulture, usually practiced on small pieces of land, in which the
soil is thoroughly worked and fertilized so as to get as much return
as possible; -- opposed to <i>extensive</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*crop`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>-cropped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>-cropping</u>.] <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To cultivate
by planting simultaneous crops in alternate rows; as, to
<i>intercrop</i> an orchard. Also, to use for catch crops at seasons
when the ground is not covered by crops of the regular
rotation.</def></p>

<p><hw>In"ter*crop`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A
crop grown among or between  the rows of another crop; a catch
crop.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*de*nom`i*na"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Occurring between or among, or common to, different
denominations; as, <i>interdenominational</i> fellowship or
belief.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*fe*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Interfere</u> and <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An
instrument for measuring small movements, distances, or displacements
by means of the interference of two beams of light; -- called also
<i>refractometer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*ter"nal-com*bus"tion</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Designating, or pertaining to, any engine (called
an <hw>Internal-combustion engine</hw>) in which the heat or pressure
energy necessary to produce motion is developed in the engine
cylinder, as by the explosion of a gas, and not in a separate chamber,
as in a steam-engine boiler. The gas used may be a fixed gas, or one
derived from alcohol, ether, gasoline (petrol), naphtha, oil
(petroleum), etc. There are three main classes: (1) <b>gas engines</b>
proper, using fixed gases, as coal, blast-furnace, or producer gas;
(2) engines using the vapor of a volatile fluid, as the typical
<b>gasoline (petrol) engine</b>; (3) <b>oil engines</b>, using either
an atomized spray or the vapor (produced by heat) of a comparatively
heavy oil, as petroleum or kerosene. In all of these the gas is mixed
with a definite amount of air, the charge is composed in the cylinder
and is then exploded either by a flame of gas (<col><b>flame
ignition</b></col> -- now little used), by a hot tube (<col><b>tube
ignition</b></col>) or the like, by an electric spark
(<col><b>electric ignition</b></col>, the usual method is gasoline
engines, or by the heat of compression, as in the Diesel engine. Gas
and oil engines are chiefly of the stationary type. Gasoline engines
are largely used for automobile vehicles, boats, etc. Most internal-
combustion engines use the Otto (four-stroke) cycle, though many use
the two-stroke cycle. They are almost universally trunk engines and
single-acting. Because of the intense heat produced by the frequent
explosions, the cylinders must be cooled by a water jacket
(<col><b>water-cooled</b></col>) or by air currents (<col><b>air
cooled</b></col>) to give the maximum thermodynamic efficiency and to
avoid excessive friction or seizing.</def></p>

<p><hw>In*terne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] (<i>F. pron.</i>
&abreve;N`t&acirc;rn") <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A resident physician in a
hospital; a house physician.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*ur"ban</hw> (&ibreve;n`t&etilde;r*&ucirc;r"b<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Going between, or connecting, cities or
towns; as, <i>interurban</i> electric railways.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ter*vo*cal"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Phon.)</i>
<def>Situated between vowels; immediately preceded and followed by
vowel sounds, as, <i>p</i> in <i>occupy</i>, <i>d</i> in <i>idea</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>In`ver*ness"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>or</i>
<hw>In`ver*ness" cape"</hw>. <def>A kind of full sleeveless cape,
fitting closely about the neck.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Robert's wind-blown head and tall form wrapped in an
<i>Inverness cape</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Mrs. Humphry Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>In*vert"ase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An enzyme capable of effecting the inversion
of cane suger, producing invert sugar. It is found in many plants and
in the intestines of animals.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>By
extension, any enzyme which splits cane sugar, milk sugar, lactose,
etc., into monosaccharides.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`o*do*cre"sol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Iodo-</i> +
<i>cresol</i>.] <i>(Org. Chem.)</i> <def>Any of several isomeric
iodine derivatives of the cresols,
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>I(CH<sub>3</sub>)OH, esp. one, an odorless
amorphous powder, used in medicine as a substitute for
iodoform.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`o*do*for"mo*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Iodoform</i> + <i>-gen</i> root of <grk>gi`gnesqai</grk> to be
born.] <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A light powder used as a substitute for
iodoform. It is a compound of iodoform and albumin.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"o*dol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Iodo-</i> +
pyrr<i>ol</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystallized substance of the
composition C<sub>4</sub>I<sub>4</sub>NH, technically tetra-iodo-
pyrrol, used like iodoform.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`o*do*thy"rin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Iodo-</i> +
<i>thyro-</i> + <i>-in</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A peculiar
substance obtained from the thyroid gland, containing from nine to ten
per cent of iodine.</def></p>

<p>&fist; It is a very stable compound, and is believed to be active
principle in thyroid extracts and in the internal secretion of the
thyroid gland. It was originally called <i>thyroiodin</i>.
</p>

<p><hw>I"on</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One of
the electrified particles into which, according to the electrolytic
dissociation theory, the molecules of electrolytes are divided by
water and other solvents. An <i>ion</i> consists of one or more atoms
and carries a unit charge of electricity, 3.4 x 10<sup>-10</sup>
electrostatic units, or a multiple of this. Those which are positively
electrified (hydrogen and the metals) are called <i>cations</i>;
negative ions (hydroxyl and acidic atoms or groups) are called
<i>anions</i>.</def> Thus, hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissociates, in
aqueous solution, into the hydrogen ion, H<sups>+</sups>, and the
chlorine ion, Cl<sups>-</sups>; ferric nitrate,
Fe(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, yields the ferric ion,
Fe<sups>+++</sups>, and nitrate ions, NO3<sups>-</sups>, NO3<sups>-
</sups>, NO3<sups>-</sups>. When a solution containing ions is made
part of an electric circuit, the cations move toward the cathode, the
anions toward the anode. This movement is called <b>migration</b>, and
the velocity of it differs for different kinds of ions. If the
electromotive force is sufficient, electrolysis ensues: cations give
up their charge at the cathode and separate in metallic form or
decompose water, forming hydrogen and alkali; similarly, at the anode
the element of the anion separates, or the metal of the anode is
dissolved, or decomposition occurs.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One of the small electrified particles
into which the molecules of a gas are broken up under the action of
the electric current, of ultraviolet and certain other rays, and of
high temperatures. To the properties and behavior of ions the
phenomena of the electric discharge through rarefied gases and many
other important effects are ascribed. At low pressures the negative
ions appear to be electrons; the positive ions, atoms minus an
electron. At ordinary pressures each ion seems to include also a
number of attached molecules. Ions may be formed in a gas in various
ways.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"on*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Ionized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Ionizing</u> (?).] <i>(Elec. Chem.)</i> <def>To separate (a
compound) into ions, esp. by dissolving in water.</def> --
<wf>I`on*i*za"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1989 !></p>

<p><hw>I"ris</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Inner
circle of an oscillated color spot.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ris di"a*phragm</hw>. <def>An adjustable diaphragm,
suggesting the iris of the eye in its action, for regulating the
aperture of a lens, consisting of a number of thin pieces fastened to
a ring. It is used in cameras and microscopes.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"rish A*mer"i*can</hw>. <def>A native of Ireland who has
become an American citizen; also, a child or descendant of such a
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"ron</hw> (&imacr;"&ubreve;rn), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Golf)</i> <def>An iron-headed club with a deep face, chiefly used
in making approaches, lifting a ball over hazards, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`o*quoi"an</hw> (&ibreve;r`&osl;*kwoi"<i>a</i>n),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, one of
the principal linguistic stocks of the North American Indians. The
territory of the northern Iroquoian tribes, of whom the Five Nations,
or Iroquois proper, were the chief, extended from the shores of the
St. Lawrence and of Lakes Huron, Ontario, and Erie south, through
eastern Pennsylvania, to Maryland; that of the southern tribes, of
whom the Cherokees were chief, formed part of Virginia, the Carolinas,
Georgia, Tennessee, and Kentucky. All of the tribes were agricultural,
and they were noted for large, communal houses, palisaded towns, and
ability to organize, as well as for skill in war.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>An Indian of an Iroquoian tribe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ir`re*vers"i*ble steering gear</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A
steering gear, esp. for an automobile, not affected by the road
wheels, as when they strike an obstacle side ways, but easily
controlled by the hand wheel or steering lever.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*bront</hw> (&imacr;"s&osl;*br&obreve;nt),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr. <grk>bronth`</grk> thunder.]
<i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>An imaginary line, or a line on a chart, marking
the simultaneous development of a thunderstorm, as noted by observing
the time when the thunder is heard at different places.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*chor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr.
<grk>xhw`ra</grk> space.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A line upon a
thermodynamic diagram so drawn as to represent the pressures
corresponding to changes of temperature when the volume of the gas
operated on is constant.</def> -- <wf>I`so*chor"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>I*soch"ro*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>-nized</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>-nizing</u>.] [See <u>Isochronous</u>.] <def>To make, or tend to
make (the motion of a moving body), uniform in rate of rotation, or in
frequency of vibration.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*drome</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Iso-</i> + Gr.
&?; course.] <i>(Nav.)</i> <def>A method of moving a fleet from one
formation to another, the direction usually being changed eight points
(90&deg;), by means of paths of equal length for each ship. It is
prohibited in the United States navy.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*mere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Iso-</i> + <i>-
mere</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A homologous or
corresponding part or segment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>= <u>Isomer</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*morph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>An animal, plant, or group having superficial similarity to
another, although phylogenetically different.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*mor"phic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Alike in form; exhibiting isomorphism.</def></p>

<p><hw>I"so*spore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the spores produced by an isosporous
organism.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A zygospore.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*sos"po*rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Iso-</i> +
Gr. &?; fruit.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Producing but one kind of spore,
as the ferns.</def></p>

<p><hw>I*sos"ta*sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Iso-</u>;
<u>Stasis</u>.] <def>The state or quality of being isostatic.</def>
Specif. <i>(Geol.)</i>, <def>general equilibrium in the earth's crust,
supposed to be maintained by the yielding or flow of rock material
beneath the surface under gravitative stress. By the theory of
<i>isostasy</i> each unit column of the earth, from surface to center,
has approximately the same weight, and the continents stand higher
than the ocean beds chiefly because the material of the crust has
there less density.</def></p>

<p><hw>I`so*stat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Iso-</i> +
<i>static</i>.] <i>(Physics &amp; Geol.)</i> <def>Subjected to equal
pressure from every side; being in hydrostatic equilibrium, as a body
submerged in a liquid at rest; pertaining to, or characterized by,
isostasy.</def></p>

<p><hw>I. W. W.</hw> (Abbrev.) <def>Industrial Workers of the World
(the name of two American labor organizations, one of which advocates
syndicalism)</def>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ix"tle</hw> <hw>Ix"til</hw>} (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>The fine, soft fiber of the bromeliaceous plant <i>Bromelia
sylvestris</i>.</def></p>

<p><point26>J.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Ja*cal"</hw> (h&auml;*k&auml;l"; 239), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Amer. Sp., fr. Mex. <i>xacalli</i>.] <def>In Mexico and the
southwestern United States, a kind of plastered house or hut, usually
made by planting poles or timber in the ground, filling in between
them with screen work or wickerwork, and daubing one or both sides
with mud or adobe mortar; also, this method of construction.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jack`a*roo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Jack`e*roo"</hw>}. [<i>Jack</i> + kang<i>aroo</i>.] <def>A young
man living as an apprentice on a sheep station, or otherwise engaged
in acquainting himself with colonial life.</def> [Colloq.,
Australia]</p>

<p><hw>Jack`a*roo"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To be a
jackaroo; to pass one's time as a jackaroo.</def> [Colloq.,
Australia]</p>

<p><hw>Jack"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Jackies</b></plw> (#). <def>Dim. or pet from
<u>Jack</u></def>. Hence: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A landsman's
nickname for a seaman, resented by the latter.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>English gin.</def> [Dial. Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Jag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
leather bag or wallet;</def> <i>pl.</i>, <def>saddlebags.</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Enough liquor to make a man noticeably
drunk; a small "load;" a time or case of drunkeness; -- esp. in phr.
<i>To have a jag on</i>, to be drunk.</def> [Slang, U. S. &amp; Dial.
Eng.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Jag"an*nath</hw> (?), <hw>Jag`an*na"tha</hw> (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>Jug"ger*naut</hw>}. [Hind. <i>Jagan-
n&amacr;th</i> lord of the world, Skr. <i>jagann&amacr;tha</i>.]
<i>(Hinduism)</i> <def>A particular form of Vishnu, or of Krishna,
whose chief idol and worship are at Puri, in Orissa. The idol is
considered to contain the bones of Krishna and to possess a soul. The
principal festivals are the <b>Snanayatra</b>, when the idol is
bathed, and the <b>Rathayatra</b>, when the image is drawn upon a car
adorned with obscene paintings. Formerly it was erroneously supposed
that devotees allowed themselves to be crushed beneath the wheels of
this car. It is now known that any death within the temple of
Jagannath is considered to render the place unclean, and any spilling
of blood in the presence of the idol is a pollution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jag"ger*y palm</hw> (?). <def>An East Indian palm (<i>Caryota
urens</i>) having leaves pinnate with wedge-shaped divisions, the
petiole very stout. It is the principal source of jaggery, and is
often cultivated for ornament.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jah"vist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Jah*vis"tic</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Jehovist</u>,
<u>Jehovistic</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jam"bool</hw>, <hw>Jam"bul</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Hind. <i>jamb&umacr;</i>, <i>jamb&umacr;l</i>, prop., the rose-apple
tree or its fruit, fr. Skr. <i>jambu</i>, <i>jamb&umacr;</i>.]
<def>The Java plum; also, a drug obtained from its bark and seeds,
used as a remedy for diabetes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jam`boo*ree"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etym. uncertain.
Cf. <u>Jambone</u>.] <def>A noisy or unrestrained carousal or frolic;
a spree.</def> [Slang]  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A Calcutta-made pony cart had been standing in front of
the manager's bungalow when Raja Singh started on his
<i>jamboree</i>.</blockquote>  <i>W. A. Fraser.</i></p>

<p><hw>Japan current</hw>. <def>A branch of the equatorial current of
the Pacific, washing the eastern coast of Formosa and thence flowing
northeastward past Japan and merging into the easterly drift of the
North Pacific; -- called also <i>Kuro-Siwo</i>, or <i>Black
Stream</i>, in allusion to the deep blue of its water. It is similar
in may ways to the Gulf Stream.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jap"o*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>japonisme</i>,
fr. <i>Japon</i> Japan.] <def>A quality, idiom, or peculiarity
characteristic of the Japanese or their products, esp. in
art.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jar`di`ni&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A preparation of mixed vegetables stewed in a
sauce with savory herbs, etc.; also, a soup made in this
way.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ja`sp&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p.p. of
<i>jasper</i> to mottle. See <u>Jasper</u>.] <i>(Ceramics)</i>
<def>Having the surface decorated with cloudings and streaks, somewhat
as if imitating jasper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jef`fer*so"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pert. to,
or characteristic of, Thomas Jefferson (third President of the United
States) or his political doctrines, which were those of the
Republicanism of his time, as opposed to those of the
Federalists.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>An adherent of
Jefferson or his doctrines.</def> -- <wf>Jef`fer*so"ni*an*ism</wf>
(#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Jeffersonian simplicity</hw>. <def>The absence of pomp or
display which Jefferson aimed at in his administration as President
(1801-1809), eschewing display or ceremony tending to distinguish the
President from the people, as in going to the capital on horseback and
with no escort, the abolition of court etiquette and the weekly levee,
refusal to recognize titles of honor, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jel"li*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Jellified</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Jellifying</u> (?).] <def>To make, or to become,
gelatinous; to jelly.</def> -- <wf>Jel`li*fi*ca"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Je*quir"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or
<hw>Je*quir"i*ty bean`</hw> }. [Prob. fr. a native name.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The seed of the wild licorice (<i>Abrus
precatorius</i>) used by the people of India for beads in rosaries and
necklaces, as a standard weight, etc.; -- called also <i>jumble
bead</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jer"ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Flimsy; jerry-
built.</def> -- <wf>Jer"ry*ism</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Both
Builder's Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Jer"ry-build`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. the
proper name <i>Jerry</i>, familiar form of <i>Jeremiah</i>.] <def>A
professional builder who erects cheap dwellings of poor materials and
unsubstantial and slovenly construction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Je"su</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., vocative and oblique
cases of <i>Jesus</i>.] <def>Jesus.</def> [Poetical]</p>

<p><blockquote><i>Jesu</i>, give the weary<BR>
Calm and sweet repose.</blockquote>  <i>S. Baring-Gould.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Jet` d'eau"</hw> (?); pl. <plw><b>Jets d'eau</b></plw> (#).
[F., a throw of water.] <def>A stream of water spouting, esp. upward,
from a fountain or pipe for ornament; also, the fountain or pipe from
which it issues.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Jeu`nesse" do`r&eacute;e"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>Lit., gilded
youth; young people of wealth and fashion, esp. if given to prodigal
living; -- in the French Revolution, applied to young men of the upper
classes who aided in suppressing the Jacobins after the Reign of
Terror.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jew"ish cal"en*dar</hw>. <def>A lunisolar calendar in use among
Hebraic peoples, reckoning from the year 3761 <u>b. c.</u>, the date
traditionally given for the Creation.</def> It received its present
fixed form from Hillel II. about 360 <u>a. d.</u> The present names of
the months, which are Babylonian-Assyrian in origin, replaced older
ones, <i>Abib</i>, <i>Bul</i>, etc., at the time of the Babylonian
Exile. Nineteen years constitute a lunar cycle, of which the 3d, 6th,
8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, and 19th years are leap years. The year 5663
[1902-3 <u>a. d.</u>] was the first year of the 299th lunar cycle. The
common year is said to be <i>defective</i>, <i>regular</i>, or
<i>perfect</i> (or <i>abundant</i>) according as it has 353, 354, or
355 days. The leap year has an intercalary month, and a total of 383
(defective), 384 (regular), or 385 (perfect, or abundant) days. The
calendar is complicated by various rules providing for the harmonious
arrangement of festivals, etc., so that no simple perpetual calendar
can be constructed. The following table gives the months in order,
with the number of days assigned to each. Only three months vary in
length. They are: Heshvan, which has 30 days in perfect years; Kislev,
which has 30 days in regular and perfect years; and Adar, which has 30
days in leap years. The ecclesiastical year commences with Nisan and
the civil year with Tishri. The date of the first of Tishri, or the
Jewish New Year, is also given for the Jewish years 5661-5696 (1900-
1935 <u>a. d.</u>). From these tables it is possible to transform any
Jewish date into Christian, or vice versa, for the years 1900-1935
<u>a. d.</u></p>

<p><u>Months of the Jewish Year</u>.
<pre><tt>
 1 <b>Tishri</b> . . . . . . 30
 2 <b>Heshvan</b> . . . . .  29 (<i>r. &amp; d</i>.)
                                or 30 (<i>p</i>.)
 3 <b>Kislev</b> . . . . . . 29 (<i>d</i>.) or
                                   30 (<i>r. &amp; p</i>.)
 4 <b>Tebet</b> . . . . . .  29
 5 <b>Shebat</b> . . . . . . 30
 6 <b>Adar</b> . . . . . . . 29 or
                                   30 (<i>l</i>.)
 -- <b>Veadar</b> . . . . .  29
    (<i>occuring only in leap years</i>)
 7 <b>Nisan</b> . . . . . . .30
 8 <b>Ivar</b> . . . . . . ..29
 9 <b>Sivan</b> . . . . . . .30
10 <b>Tammux</b> . . . . . . 29
11 <b>Ab</b> . . . . . . . . 30
12 <b>Elul</b> . . . . . . ..29</p>

<p><u>Jewish Year</u>                   <u>a. d.</u></p>

<p>5661 <i>p.</i>     begins     Sept.  24, 1900
5662 <i>d.l.</i>    "      "   14, 1901
5663 <i>p.</i>      "      Oct.    2, 1902
5664 <i>r.</i>      "      Sept.  22, 1903
5665 <i>p.l.</i>    "      "   10, 1904
5666 <i>p.</i>      "      "   30, 1905
5667 <i>r.</i>      "      "   20, 1906
5668 <i>d.l.</i>    "      "    6, 1907
5669 <i>p.</i>      "      "   26, 1908
5670 <i>d.l.</i>    "      "   16, 1909
5671 <i>r.</i>      "      Oct.    4, 1910
5672 <i>p.</i>      "      Sept.  23, 1911
5673 <i>p.l.</i>    "      "   12, 1912
5674 <i>r.</i>      "      Oct.    2, 1913
5675 <i>d.</i>      "      Sept.  21, 1914
5676 <i>p.l.</i>    "      "    9, 1915
5677 <i>r.</i>      "      "   28, 1916
5678 <i>p.</i>      "      "   17, 1917
5679 <i>d.l.</i>   begins     Sept.   7, 1918
5680 <i>r.</i>      "      "   25, 1919
5681 <i>p.l.</i>    "      "   13, 1920
5682 <i>p.</i>      "      Oct.    3, 1921
5683 <i>d.</i>      "      Sept.  23, 1922
5684 <i>r.l.</i>    "      "   11, 1923
5685 <i>p.</i>      "      "   29, 1924
5686 <i>p.</i>      "      "   19, 1925
5687 <i>d.l.</i>    "      "    9, 1926
5688 <i>r.</i>      "      "   27, 1927
5689 <i>p.l.</i>    "      "   15, 1928
5690 <i>d.</i>      "      Oct.    5, 1929
5691 <i>r.</i>      "      Sept.  23, 1930
5692 <i>p.l.</i>    "      "   12, 1931
5693 <i>p.</i>      "      Oct.    1, 1932
5694 <i>r.</i>      "      Sept.  23, 1933
5695 <i>d.l.</i>    "      "   10, 1934
5696 <i>p.</i>      "      "   28, 1935
</tt></pre></p>

<p><i>d</i>. = defective year; <i>d.l</i>. = defective leap year;
<i>p.</i> = perfect year; <i>p.l.</i> = perfect leap year; <i>r.</i> =
regular year; <i>r.l.</i> = regular leap year.</p>

<p><hw>Jib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One
that jibs, or balks; a jibber.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A stationary condition; a
standstill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jib</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Jibbed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Jibbing</u>.] Also <hw>Jibb</hw>. [Cf. <u>Jib</u> a sail,
<u>Gybe</u>.] <i>(Chiefly Naut.)</i> <def>To shift, or swing round, as
a sail, boom, yard, etc., as in tacking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jig</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To move with a skip or
rhythm; to move with vibrations or jerks.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The fin would <i>jig</i> off slowly, as if it were
looking for nothing at all.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jig"ger</hw> (j&ibreve;g"g&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several species of small red mites
(esp. <i>Tetranychus irritans</i> and <i>T. Americanus</i>) which, in
the larval or leptus stage, burrow beneath the skin of man and various
animals, causing great annoyance.</def> [Southern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Jig"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Jiggle</u>.]
<def>To move, send, or drive with a jerk; to jerk; also, to drive or
send over with a jerk, as a golf ball.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He could <i>jigger</i> the ball o'er a steeple tall as
most men would <i>jigger</i> a cop.</blockquote>  <i>Harper's
Mag.</i></p>

<p>{<hw>Ji*had"</hw>, <hw>Je*had"</hw>} (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>jih&amacr;d</i>.] <i>(Moham.)</i> <def>A religious war against
infidels or Mohammedan heretics; also, any bitter war or crusade for a
principle or belief.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[Their] courage in war . . . had not, like that of the
Mohammedan dervishes of the Sudan, or of Mohammedans anywhere engaged
in a <i>jehad</i>, a religious motive and the promise of future bliss
behind it.</blockquote>  <i>James Bryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jim Crow</hw>. <def>A negro; -- said to be so called from a
popular negro song and dance, the refrain of which is "Wheel about and
turn about and jump Jim Crow," produced in 1835 by T. D. Rice, a
famous negro minstrel.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Jink</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Jig</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move quickly, esp.
with a sudden turn; hence, to dodge; to escape by a quick turn; --
obs. or dial., except as a hunting term in pig-sticking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>In the games of
spoilfive and forty-five, to win the game by taking all five tricks;
also, to play to win  all five tricks, losing what has been already
won if unsuccessful.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jinx</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person, object,
influence, or supernatural being which is supposed to bring bad luck
or to cause things to go wrong.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Joint</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [<u>Jag</u>
a notch.] <def>A projecting or retreating part in something; any
irregularity of line or surface, as in a wall.</def> [Now Chiefly U.
S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Theaters)</i> <def>A narrow piece of
scenery used to join together two flats or wings of an interior
setting.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A place of low resort, as for smoking
opium.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Jol"ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cause to be
jolly; to make good-natured; to encourage to feel pleasant or
cheerful; -- often implying an insincere or bantering spirit; hence,
to poke fun at.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>We want you to <i>jolly</i> them up a bit.</blockquote>
<i>Brander Matthews.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>At noon we lunched at the tail of the ambulance, and
gently "<i>jollied</i>" the doctor's topography.</blockquote>  <i>F.
Remington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Jol"ly</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Jollies</b></plw> (#). [Prob. fr. <u>Jolly</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>A marine in the English navy.</def>
[Sailor's Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>I'm a <i>Jolly</i> -- 'Er Majesty's <i>Jolly</i> --
soldier an' sailor too!</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Joss paper</hw>. <def>Gold and silver paper burned by the
Chinese, in the form of coins or ingots, in worship and at
funerals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joule"me`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An integrating
wattmeter for measuring the energy in joules expended in an electric
circuit or developed by a machine.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1990 !></p>

<p><hw>Joule's cycle</hw> (?). <i>(Thermodynamics)</i> <def>The cycle
for the air engine proposed by Joule. In it air is taken by a pump
from a cold chamber and compressed adiabatically until its pressure is
eqal to that of the air in a hot chamber, into which it is then
delivered, thereby displacing an equal amount of hot air into the
engine cylinder. Here it expands adiabatically to the temperature of
the cold chamber into which it is finally exhausted. This cycle,
reversed, is used in refrigerating machines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Joule's law</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The
law that the rate at which heat is produced in any part of an electric
circuit is measured by the product of the square of the current into
the resistance of that part of the circuit. If the current <i>(i)</i>
is constant for an interval of time <i>(t)</i>, the energy (<i>H</i>)
in heat units equals <i>i<sup>2</sup>Rt</i>, <i>R</i> being
resistance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Thermodynamics)</i> <def>The law that there
is no change of temperature when a gas expands without doing external
work and without receiving or rejecting heat.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Jub"bah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>Jub"beh</hw>,
<hw>Joob"beh</hw> (?) }. [Hind. <i>jubba</i>, fr. Ar. <i>jubbah</i>.]
<def>A long outer garment worn by both sexes of Mohammedans of the
better class.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"da*iz`ers</hw> (j&umacr;"d&asl;*&imacr;z`&etilde;rz),
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Raskolnik</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Judge"-made`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Created by judges
or judicial decision; -- applied esp. to law applied or established by
the judicial interpretation of statutes so as extend or restrict their
scope, as to meet new cases, to provide new or better remedies, etc.,
and often used opprobriously of acts of judicial interpretation
considered as doing this.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The law of the 13th century was <i>judge-made</i> law
in a fuller and more literal sense than the law of any succeeding
century has been.</blockquote>  <i>Sir Frederick Pollock.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ju"jube</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lozenge made of
or in imitation of, or flavored with, the jujube fruit.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ju"jut`su</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Ju"jit`su</hw> (?), <hw>Jiu"jut`su</hw>, <hw>Jiu"jit`su</hw> (?)
}. [Jap. <i>j&umacr;jutsu</i>; <i>j&umacr;</i> soft (prob. because no
weapons are used) + <i>jutsu</i> art.] <def>The Japanese art of self-
defense without weapons, now widely used as a system of physical
training. It depends for its efficiency largely upon the principle of
making use of an opponent's strength and weight to disable or injure
him, and by applying pressure so that his opposing movement will throw
him out of balance, dislocate or break a joint, etc.  It opposes
knowledge and skill to brute strength, and demands an extensive
practical knowledge of human anatomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jukes, The</hw> (?) <def>A pseudonym used to designate the
descendants of two sisters, the "Jukes" sisters, whose husbands were
sons of a backwoodsman of Dutch descent. They lived in the State of
New York, and their history was investigated by R. L. Dugdale as an
example of the inheritance of criminal and immoral tendencies,
disease, and pauperism. Sixty per cent of those traced showed,
degeneracy, and they are estimated to have cost society $1,308,000 in
75 years.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ju`melle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fem. of
<i>jumeau</i>, fr. L. <i>gemellus</i>. Cf. <u>Gemel</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>Twin; paired; -- said of various objects
made or formed in pairs, as a binocular opera glass, a pair of gimmal
rings, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju`melle"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A jumelle opera
glass, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jump"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A thing that jumps;
esp., any of various tools or other contrivances operating with a
jumping motion;</def> as, <i>(Mining, Quarrying, etc.)</i>, <def>an
instrument for boring holes in rocks by percussion without hammering,
consisting of a bar of iron with a chisel-edged steel tip at one or
both ends, operated by striking it against the rock, turning it
slightly with each blow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jump"ing dis*ease"</hw>. <def>A convulsive tic similar to or
identical with miryachit, observed among the woodsmen of
Maine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jump spark</hw>. <def>A spark produced by the jumping of
electricity across a permanent gap.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jump"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>Compar.</i></pos> <u>Jumpier</u> (?);
<pos><i>superl.</i></pos> <u>Jumpiest</u>.] <def>Jumping, or inducing
to jump; characterized by jumps; hence, extremely nervous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Junc"tion box</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A box through which the
main conductors of a system of electric distribution pass, and where
connection is made with branch circuits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ry mast</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A temporary mast, in
place of one that has been carried away, or broken.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An apparatus to support the
trunk and head in spinal disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ju"ry-rigged`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>Rigged for temporary service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Jus"ti*fy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To show (a person) to have had a sufficient
legal reason for an act that has been made the subject of a charge or
accusation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To qualify (one's self) as
a surety by taking oath to the ownership of sufficient
property.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The production of bail in court, who there
<i>justify</i> themselves against the exception of the
plaintiff.</blockquote>  <i>Bouvier's Law Dict.</i></p>

<p><point26>K.</point26></p>

<p><hw>||Ka"ma</hw> (k&auml;"m&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Theosophy)</i> <def>Desire; animal passion;</def> -- supposed to
create the <col><b>ka"ma ru"pa</b></col> (r&oomac;p&adot;) [Skr.
<i>r&umacr;pa</i> shape, image], a kind of simulacrum or astral
likeness of a man which exists after his death in an invisible plane
of being, called <col><b>ka"ma lo"ca</b></col> (l&omacr;"k&adot;)
[Skr. <i>l&omacr;ka</i> space, world], until the impulses which
created it are exhausted and it finally fades away.</p>

<p><hw>Ka*pok"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. the native
name.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A silky wool derived from the seeds of
<i>Ceiba pentandra</i> (syn. <i>Eriodendron anfractuosum</i>), a
bombaceous tree of the East and West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ka`ra*kul"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>karakul'</i> curly fleece of Bokhara and Khiva sheep.]
<def>Astrakhan, esp. in fine grades. Cf. <u>Caracul</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*ross"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.] <def>A
native garment or rug of skin sewed together in the form of a
square.</def> [South Africa]</p>

<p><blockquote>The wants of a native . . . are confined to a
<i>kaross</i> (skin cloak) or some pieces of cotton
cloth.</blockquote>  <i>James Bryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kau"ri</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Kauri resin.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>By extension, any of
various species of <i>Dammara</i>; as, the red <i>kauri</i> (<i>D.
lanceolata</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kauri resin</hw>, <hw>gum</hw>, or <hw>copal</hw> }. <def>A
resinous product of the kauri, found in the form of yellow or brown
lumps in the ground where the trees have grown. It is used for making
varnish, and as a substitute for amber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ka*zoo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncertain.]
<def>A kind of toy or rude musical instrument, as a tube inside of
which is a stretched string made to vibrate by singing or humming into
the tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ke"a</hw> (k&amacr;"&adot;; <i>colloq.</i> k&emacr;"&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Maori.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A large New
Zealand parrot (<i>Nestor notabilis</i>), notorious for having
acquired the habit of killing sheep; -- called also <i>mountain
parrot</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ked"dah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay <i>kedah</i>,
fr. Ar. <i>qadah</i> hole.] <def>An inclosure constructed to entrap
wild elephants; an elephant trap.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Keel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>In a dirigible, a construction similar in form and use to a
ship's keel; in an a&euml;roplane, a fin or fixed surface employed to
increase stability and to hold the machine to its course.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kef"ir</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An effervescent
liquor like kumiss, made from fermented milk, used as a food and as a
medicine in the northern Caucasus.</def> -- <wf>Ke*fir"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Kefir grains</hw>. <def>Small hard yellowish aggregations found
in the Caucasus region, and containing various yeasts and bacteria.
They are used as a ferment in preparing kefir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ke"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; crab's claw +
<i>-oid</i>: cf. F. <i>k&eacute;lo&iuml;de</i>,
<i>ch&eacute;lo&iuml;de</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Applied to a variety
of tumor forming hard, flat, irregular excrescences upon the
skin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ke"loid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A keloid
tumor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kep"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>k&eacute;pi</i>, of
G. origin.] <def>A military cap having a close-fitting band, a round
flat top sloping toward the front, and a visor. As originally worn by
the French in Algeria about 1830 it was tall and stiff with a straight
visor. It is now lower, has a curved visor, and is frequently
soft.</def></p>

<p><hw>||K&eacute;p"vi*se*l&ouml;*h&aacute;z`</hw> (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hung., fr. <i>k&eacute;pvisel&ouml;</i>
representative + <i>h&aacute;z</i> house.] <i>(Hungary)</i> <def>See
<u>Legislature</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"mes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
[NL.] <def>A genus of scale insects including many species that feed
on oaks. The adult female resembles a small gall.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kern</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>kirn</i>.]
[Cf. D. &amp; G. <i>kern</i> kernal, E. <i>kern</i> to harden,
<i>kernel</i>.] [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &amp; Scot.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Kernel; corn; grain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The last handful or sheaf reaped at the
harvest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>The harvest-home.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kern baby</hw>. <def>A doll or image decorated with corn
(grain) flowers, etc., carried in the festivals of a kern, or harvest-
home. Called also <i>harvest queen</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ker"seys</hw>, <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>Varieties of
kersey; also, trousers made of kersey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ke"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. of Amer. Indian
origin.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A small salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus
keta</i>) of inferior value, which in the autumn runs up all the
larger rivers between San Francisco and Kamchatka.</def></p>

<p><hw>Key</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Teleg.)</i> <def>A metallic
lever by which the circuit of the sending or transmitting part of a
station equipment may be easily and rapidly opened and closed; any
device for closing or opening an electric circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Key</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A simplified version or
analysis which accompanies something as a clue to its explanation, a
book or table containing the solutions to problems, ciphers,
allegories, or the like, or a table or synopsis of conspicuous
distinguishing characters of members of a taxonomic group.</def></p>

<p><hw>Key fruit</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A samara.</def></p>

<p><hw>Key"stone` State</hw>. <def>Pennsylvania; -- a nickname
alluding to its having been the central one of the 13 original United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kha"ki</hw> (k&auml;"k&esl;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>kh&amacr;k&imacr;</i>, lit., dusty, dust-colored, fr. Per.
<i>kh&amacr;k</i> dust.] <def>Of a dull brownish yellow, or drab
color; -- applied to cloth, originally to a stout brownish cotton
cloth, used in making uniforms in the Anglo-Indian army.</def> In the
United States service the summer uniform of cotton is officially
designated <i>khaki</i>; the winter uniform of wool, <i>olive
drab</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Kha"ki</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any kind of khaki cloth;
hence, a uniform of khaki or, rarely, a soldier clad in khaki. In the
United States and British armies khaki or cloth of a very similar
color is almost exclusively used for service in the field.</def></p>

<p><hw>Khond</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Dravidian of a
group of tribes of Orissa, India, a section of whom were formerly
noted for their cruel human sacrifices to the earth goddess, murder of
female infants, and marriage by capture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki"bosh</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Nonsense; stuff; also, fashion; style.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Portland cement when thrown or blown into
the recesses of carved stonework to intensify the shadows.</def></p>

<p><col><b>To put the kibosh on</b></col>, <cd>to do for; to dispose
of.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Kid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Among pugilists, thieves,
etc., a youthful expert; -- chiefly used attributively; as, <i>kid</i>
Jones.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Kil"erg`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Kilo-</i> +
<i>erg</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A unit of work equal to one
thousand ergs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kil*ken"ny cats</hw> (?). <def>Two cats fabled, in an Irish
story, to have fought till nothing was left but their tails. It is
probably a parable of a local contest between Kilkenny and Irishtown,
which impoverished both towns.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kill</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of killing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"There is none like to me!" says the cub in the pride
of his earliest <i>kill</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An animal killed in the hunt, as by a
beast of prey.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If ye plunder his <i>kill</i> from a weaker, devour not
all in thy pride.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kil"o-</hw> (?). [F. <i>kilo-</i>. See <u>Kilogram</u>.] <def>A
combining form used to signify <i>thousand</i> in forming the names of
units of measurement; as, <i>kilo</i>gram, <i>kilo</i>meter,
<i>kilo</i>watt, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kil"o*volt`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Kilo-</i> +
<i>volt</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A unit of electromotive force equal
to one thousand volts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kil"o*watt` hour</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A unit of work or
energy equal to that done by one kilowatt acting for one hour; --
approx. = 1.34 horse-power hour.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki*mo"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
nos</b></plw> (#). [Jap.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of loose robe
or gown tied with a sash, worn as an outer garment by Japanese men and
women.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A similar gown worn as a dressing gown by
women of Western nations.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kin</hw> (k&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Kine</hw> (k&imacr;n) }. [Gr. <grk>kinei^n</grk> to move.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>The unit velocity in the C.G.S. system -- a
velocity of one centimeter per second.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Kin`&aelig;s*thet"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Kin`es*thet"ic</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining to, or involving,
kin&aelig;sthesis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki*ne"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; movable
+ <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A camera
for making chronophotographs.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A machine
for the projection of chronophotographs upon a screen for the purpose
of producing the effect of an animated picture.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A combined animated-picture machine and
phonograph in which sounds appropriate to the scene are automatically
uttered by the latter instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki*ne"to*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Kinetic</u>, <u>Phone</u>.] <def>A machine combining a kinetoscope
and a phonograph synchronized so as to reproduce a scene and its
accompanying sounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki*ne"to*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A machine,
for the production of animated pictures, in which a film carrying
successive instantaneous views of a moving scene travels uniformly
through the field of a magnifying glass. The observer sees each
picture, momentarily, through a slit in a revolving disk, and these
glimpses, blended by persistence of vision, give the impression of
continuous motion.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Kin"it</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to move.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>A unit of force equal to the force which, acting
for one second, will give a pound a velocity of one foot per second; -
- proposed by J.D.Everett, an English physicist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ki*osk"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A light ornamental
structure used as a news stand, band stand, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. G. <i>kippe</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sharp-pointed hill; a projecting point, as
on a hill.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Gymnastics)</i> <def>A method or feat of
raising the body when hanging or swinging by the arms, as for the
purpose of mounting upon the horizontal bar. The legs are swung
forward and upward by bending the hips, then suddenly down again,
which gives the upward impulse to the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kiss"ing bug`</hw>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Any one of several
species of blood-sucking, venomous Hemiptera that sometimes bite the
lip or other parts of the human body, causing painful sores, as the
cone-nose (<i>Conorhinus sanguisuga</i>).</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Kiss"ing strings`</hw> (?). <def>Cap or bonnet strings made
long to tie under the chin.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>One of her ladyship's <i>kissing strings</i>, once pink
and fluttering and now faded and soiled.</blockquote>  <i>Pall Mall
Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Kitch`en*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Kitchen</i>
+ <i>-ette</i>.] <def>A room combining a very small kitchen and a
pantry, with the kitchen conveniences compactly arranged, sometimes so
that they fold up out of sight and allow the kitchen to be made a part
of the adjoining room by opening folding doors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A form of
drag to be towed under water at any depth up to about forty fathoms,
which on striking bottom is upset and rises to the surface; -- called
also <i>sentry</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kit"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
kitten; also, a pet name or calling name for the cat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  [Etym. uncertain.] <i>(Gaming)</i> <def>The
percentage taken out of a pool to pay for refreshments, or for the
expenses of the table.</def>  <i>R. F. Foster.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ki"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hopi name, sacred
chamber.] <def>A large chamber built under, or in, the houses of a
Pueblo village, used as an assembly room in religious rites or as a
men's dormitory. It is commonly lighted and entered from an opening in
the roof.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knee jerk</hw>. <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>A jerk or kick produced
by a blow or sudden strain upon the patellar tendon of the knee, which
causes a sudden contraction of the quadriceps muscle.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Kneipp"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Kneipp's</hw>, or <hw>Kneipp</hw>, <hw>cure</hw> (&?;).
<def>Treatment of disease by forms of hydrotherapy, as walking
barefoot in the morning dew, baths, wet compresses, cold affusions,
etc.; -- so called from its originator, Sebastian Kneipp (1821-97), a
German priest.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knick"er*bock`er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A linsey-
woolsey fabric having a rough knotted surface on the right side; used
for women's dresses.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1991 !></p>

<p><hw>Knife</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Fig.: To stab in the
back; to try to defeat by underhand means, esp. in politics; to vote
or work secretly against (a candidate of one's own party).</def>
[Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Knife switch</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A switch consisting of
one or more knifelike pieces hinged at one end and making contact near
the other with flat gripping springs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knight service</hw>. Also <hw>Knight's service</hw> (&?;).
<sn><b>1.</b></sn>  <i>(Feud. Law)</i> <def>The military service by
rendering which a knight held his lands; also, the tenure of lands
held on condition of performing military service.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>By far the greater part of England [in the 13th
century] is held of the king by <i>knight's service</i>. . . . In
order to understand this tenure we must form the conception of a unit
of military service. That unit seems to be the service of one knight
or fully armed horseman (<i>servitium unius militis</i>) to be done to
the king in his army for forty days in the year, if it be called for.
. . . The limit of forty days seems to have existed rather in theory
than practice.</blockquote>  <i>Pollock &amp; Mait.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Service such as a knight can or should
render; hence, good or valuable service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knight's fee</hw>. <i>(Feudal Law)</i> <def>The fee of a
knight; specif., the amount of land the holding of which imposed the
obligation of knight service, being sometimes a hide or less,
sometimes six or more hides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knob"ker`rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Boer D.
<i>knopkirie</i>, fr. D. <i>knop-</i>hout, knotty stick + Hottentot
<i>k&iuml;rri</i>  club.] <def>A short club with a knobbed end used as
a missile weapon by Kafir and other native tribes of South
Africa.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knob"stick`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stick, cane,
or club terminating in a knob; esp., such a stick or club used as a
weapon or missile; a knobkerrie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knock</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To practice evil
speaking or fault-finding; to criticize habitually or
captiously.</def> [Vulgar Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Knock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To impress strongly or
forcibly; to astonish; to move to admiration or applause.</def>
[Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Knock"a*bout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A small yacht, generally from fifteen to twenty-
five feet in length, having a mainsail and a jib.  All knockabouts
have ballast and either a keel or centerboard.  The original type was
twenty-one feet in length.  The next larger type is called a
<i>raceabout</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <def>A knockabout performer or
performance.</def> [Theat. Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn> <def>A man hired on a sheep station to do odd
jobs.</def> [Colloq., Australia]</p>

<p><hw>Knock"a*bout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Marked by knocking about or roughness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Of noisy and violent character.</def>
[Theat. Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Characterized by, or suitable for,
knocking about, or traveling or wandering hither and
thither.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>That does odd jobs; -- said of a class of
hands or laborers on a sheep station.</def> [Collog., Australia]</p>

<p><hw>Knock"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Of such force as to fell or overthrow; overwhelming; as, a
<i>knockdown</i> blow.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Designating a rivet end to be formed into
a head by upsetting in fastening.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Of or pertaining to the act of knocking
down at an auction; specif., designating the price below which an
article will not be disposed by the auctioneer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>Made or constructed so as to be capable of
being knocked down or taken apart, as for transportation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knock"down`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>That which knocks one down; something that overpowers or
overwhelms, as strong liquor; specif., a kind of ale or beer that is
very strong.</def> [Slang.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A knocking down; a felling by a knock; a
blow that overwhelms; also, a fist fight.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Something that knocks down, or takes
apart, for packing or removal, as a piece of furniture; also, state of
being knocked down, or taken apart.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knock"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person strikingly handsome, beautiful, or fine; one who wins
admiration; a "stunner."</def> [Slang.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A species of large cockroach, esp.
<i>Blabera gigantea</i>, of semitropical America, which is able to
produce a loud knocking sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knock"-off`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act or place of
knocking off; that which knocks off;</def> specif. <i>(Mach.)</i>,
<def>a cam or the like for disconnecting something, as a device in a
knitting machine to remove loops from the needles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knock"-off`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That knocks off; of
or pertaining to knocking off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knock"-out`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>That knocks out;
characterized by knocking out; as, a <i>knock-out</i> blow; a
<i>knock-out</i> key for knocking out a drill from a collet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knock"-out`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of knocking
out, or state of being knocked out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Knock-out drops</hw>. <def>Drops of some drug put in one's
drink to stupefy him for purpose of robbery, etc.</def> [Slang, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ko"dak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [An invented name.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of portable photographic camera, esp.
adapted for snapshot work, in which a succession of negatives is made
upon a continuous roll of sensitized film; -- a trade-mark name of the
Eastman Kodak Company, but now popularly applied to almost any hand
camera.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A photograph taken with a kodak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko"dak</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kodaked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kodaking</u>.] <def>To photograph with a kodak; hence, to describe
or characterize briefly and vividly.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Koft`ga*ri"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>koft
gar&iuml;</i> goldbeating. fr. Per. <i>koft</i> beating +
<i>gar&iuml;</i> trade.] <def>Ornamental work produced by inlaying
steel with gold, -- a variety of damascening much used in the arts of
India.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ko"la</hw> (?), <hw>Kola nut</hw>  }. <def>Same as
<u>Cola</u>, <u>Cola nut</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko*lin"sky</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>kolinski</i> of Kola, a district in northeasten Russia where the
finest minks abound.] <def>Among furriers, any of several Asiatic
minks; esp., <i>Putorius sibiricus</i>, the yellowish brown pelt of
which is valued, esp. for the tail, used for making artists' brushes.
Trade names for the fur are <i>red sable</i> and <i>Tatar
sable</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ko*lusch"an</hw>, <hw>Ko*lush"an</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From Russ. <i>kalyushka</i> piece of wood (worn
in the nether lip).] <def>Designating, or pert. to, a linguistic stock
of North American Indians comprising the Tlinkit tribes of the
Alexander Archipelago of southeastern Alaska and adjacent coast lands.
Their language bears some affinity to Mexican tongues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kon*seal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. formed from
<i>conceal</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A form of capsule for inclosing a
dose of medicine that is offensive, caustic, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Kop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [South Afr. D., fr. D.
<i>kop</i> head, akin to G. <i>kopf</i> and prob. to E. <i>cop</i>
top.] <def>Hill; mountain.</def> [South Africa]</p>

<p><hw>||Kop"je</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [South African D., dim.
of <i>kop</i>. See <u>Kop</u>.] <def>A hillock; a small kop.</def>
[South Africa]</p>

<p>&fist; The colloqual Dutch pronunciation as here given is the usual
one in South Africa.</p>

<p><hw>Ko"sher</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [heb. <i>kosh&euml;r</i>
fit, proper.] <def>Ceremonially clean, according to Jewish law; --
applied to food, esp. to meat of animals slaughtered according to the
requirements of Jewish law. Opposed to <i>tref</i>. Hence, designating
a shop, store, house, etc., where such food is sold or used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko"sher</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Kosher food; also, a
kosher shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ko"sher</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Koshered</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Koshering</u>.] <def>To prepare in conformity with the requirements
of the Jewish law, as meat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Krupp"ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Kruppized</u> (&?;); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Kruppizing</u>.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To treat by, or subject to,
the Krupp process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Krupp process</hw> (?). <i>(Iron Metal.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A process practiced by Friedrich
<i>Krupp</i>,  Essen, Germany, for washing pig iron, differing from
the Bell process in using manganese as well as iron oxide, and
performed in a Pernot furnace. Called also the <i>Bell-Krupp
process</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A process for the
manufacture of steel armor plates, invented or practiced by
<i>Krupp</i>, the details of which are secret. It is understood to
involve the addition of chromium as well as nickel to the metal, and
to include a treatment like that of the Harvey process with unknown
variations or additions. The product is mentioned by some authors, as
<i>improved Harvey</i>, or <i>Harvey-Krupp</i> armor plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kryp"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; ,
neut. of &?; hidden.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An inert gaseous element of
the argon group, occurring in air to the extent of about one volume in
a million. It was discovered by Ramsay and Travers in 1898. Liquefying
point, -- 152&deg; C.; symbol, <i>Kr</i>; atomic weight,
83.0.</def></p>

<p><hw>Kul*tur"kampf`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>kultur</i>, <i>cultur</i>, culture + <i>kampf</i> fight.] <i>(Ger.
Hist.)</i> <def>Lit., culture war; -- a name, originating with Virchow
(1821 -- 1902), given to a struggle between the the Roman Catholic
Church and the German government, chiefly over the latter's efforts to
control educational and ecclesiastical appointments in the interest of
the political policy of centralization. The struggle began with the
passage by the Prussian Diet in May, 1873, of the so-called
<col><b>May laws</b></col>, or <col><b>Falk laws</b></col>, aiming at
the regulation of the clergy. Opposition eventually compelled the
government to change its policy, and from 1880 to 1887 laws virtually
nullifying the May laws were enacted.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ku"ro-Siwo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap.
<i>kuroshio</i>; <i>kuro</i> black + <i>shio</i> tide.] <def>See
<u>Japan Current</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ky"ack</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pack sack to be
swung on either side of a packsaddle.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p><point26>L.</point26></p>

<p><hw>L</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having the
general shape of the (capital) letter <universbold>L</universbold>;
as, an <universbold>L</universbold> beam, or
<universbold>L</universbold>-beam.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Elevated; -- a symbol for <i>el.</i> as an
abbreviation of <i>elevated</i> in  <i>elevated road</i> or
<i>railroad</i>.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>An elevated road;
as, to ride on the <i>L</i>.</def> [Colloq., U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Laa"ger</hw> (l&add;"g&etilde;r <i>or</i> l&auml;"g&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D., also <i>leger</i>. Cf. 2d <u>Leaguer</u>,
<u>Lair</u>.] <def>A camp, esp. one with an inclosure of travelers'
wagons for temporary defense.</def> [South Africa]</p>

<p><blockquote>Wagons . . . can be readily formed into a
<i>laager</i>, a camp, by being drawn into a circle, with the oxen
placed inside and so kept safe from the attacks of wild
beasts.</blockquote>  <i>James Bryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Laa"ger</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [From <u>Laager</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To form into, or camp in, a laager, or
protected camp.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bi*o*plas`ty</hw>
(l&amacr;"b&ibreve;*&osl;*pl&abreve;s`t&ybreve;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Labium</i> + <i>-plasty</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>A plastic
operation for making a new lip, or for replacing a lost tissue of a
lip.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bi*palp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A labial palp.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining.)</i>  <def>A
stope or set of stopes.</def> [Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>Labor Day</hw>. <def>In most of the States and Territories of
the United States, a day, usually the first Monday of September, set
aside as a legal holiday, in honor of, or in the interest of,
workingmen as a class. Also, a similar holiday in Canada, Australia,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"bret</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>labrum</i> lip.]
<i>(Anthropology)</i> <def>A piece of wood, shell, stone, or other
substance, worn in a perforation of the lip or cheek by many
savages.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lace</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To twine or draw as a
lace; to interlace; to intertwine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Gond . . . picked up a trail of the Karela, the
vine that bears the bitter wild gourd, and <i>laced</i> it to and fro
across the temble door.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lach"ry*mals</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [<u>See
Lachrymal</u>.] <def>Tears; also, lachrymal feelings or organs.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>People go to the theaters to have . . . their risibles
and <i>lachrymals</i> set agoing.</blockquote>  <i>The
Lutheran.</i></p>

<p><hw>La*din"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person speaking
Ladin as a mother tongue.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*di"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
nos</b></plw> (&?;) <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The mixed Spanish and
Hebrew language spoken by Sephardim.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A cunningly vicious horse.</def>
[Southeastern U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A ladin.</def></p>

<p><hw>La"dy's cloth`</hw> (?) <def>A kind of broadcloth of light
weight, used for women's dresses, cloaks, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The failing behind or
retardation of one phenomenon with respect to another to which  it is
closely related; as, the <i>lag</i> of magnetization compared with the
magnetizing force (hysteresis); the <i>lag</i> of the current in an
alternating circuit behind the impressed electro-motive force which
produced it.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>La*gniappe</hw> (?), <hw>La*gnappe"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etym. uncertain.] <def>In Louisiana, a trifling
present given to customers by tradesmen; a gratuity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Lagniappe</i> . . .is something thrown in, gratis,
for good measure.</blockquote>  <i>Mark Twain.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Lag"thing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Norw.
<i>lagting</i>, <i>lagthing</i>; <i>lag</i> company, society (akin to
E. <i>law</i>, <i>lay</i>) + <i>ting</i>, <i>thing</i>, parliament.
See <u>Thing</u>.] <def>See <u>Legislatature</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that is
connected with a lake or lakes, as in habitation, toil, etc.:</def>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of the poets of the Lake school. See
<i>Lake poets</i>, under <u>Lake</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A fish living in, or
taken from, a lake, esp. the namaycush.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A lake steamer or canal boat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The bridge tender . . . thought the Cowies "a little
mite" longer than that <i>laker</i>.</blockquote>  <i>The
Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lamb"kill`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
small American ericaceous shrub (<i>Kalmia angustifolia</i>); --
called also <i>calfkill</i>, <i>sheepkill</i>, <i>sheep laurel</i>,
etc. It is supposed to poison sheep and other animals that eat it at
times when the snow is deep and they cannot find other food.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Land"drost`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
drosten</b></plw>  (#). Sometimes incorrectly <hw>Landtrost</hw>. [D.,
fr. <i>land</i> land + <i>drost</i> a kind of official; akin to G.
<i>truchsess</i>.] In Cape Colony: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A chief
magistrate in rural districts. He was replaced in 1827 by "resident
magistrates."</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The president of the
Heemraad.</def></p>

<p><hw>Land League</hw>. <def>In Ireland, a combination of tenant
farmers and other, organized, with Charles Stewart Parnell as
president, in 1879 with a view to the reduction of farm rents and a
reconstruction of the land laws.</def> -- <wf>Land"*lea`guer</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Land"*lea`guism</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Land League</i>, of which Machael Davitt was the
founder, originated in Mayo in August, and at a Dublin in October the
organization was extended to all Ireland, with Parnell as
president.</blockquote>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p><hw>Land of Steady Habits</hw>. <def>Connecticut; -- a nickname
alluding to the moral character of its inhabitants, implied by the
rigid laws (see <u>Blue laws</u>) of the early period.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lands"thing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan.
<i>landsthing</i>, <i>landsting</i>, fr. <i>land</i> land +
<i>thing</i>, <i>ting</i>, parliament. See <u>Land</u>; <u>Thing</u>.]
<i>(Denmark.)</i> <def>See <u>Legislature</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Land"storm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sw.] <def>See
<u>Varnpligtige</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Land"sturm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. See
<u>Land</u>; <u>Storm</u>.] <def>In Germany and other European
nations, and Japan: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A general levy in time of war.
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> The forces called out on such levy, composed of
all men liable to service who are not in the army, navy, or Landwehr;
the last line of defense, supposed to be called out only in case of
invasion or other grave emergency. See <u>Army organization</u>,
above.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Land"tag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. See <u>Land</u>;
<u>Day</u>.] <i>(Prussia.)</i> <def>See <u>Legislasture</u>,
below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar"ri*kin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. E. dial.
<i>larrikin</i>  a mischievous or frolicsome youth, <i>larrick</i>
lively, careless, <i>larack</i> to trolic, to romp.] <def>A rowdy
street loafer; a rowdyish or noisy ill-bred fellow; -- variously
applied, as to a street blackguard, a street Arab, a youth given to
horse-play, etc.</def> [Australia &amp; Eng.] -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Rowdy; rough; disorderly.</def> [Australia &amp; Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Mobs of unruly <i>larrikins</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Sydney Daily Telegraph.</i></p>

<p>&fist; <i>Larrikin</i> is often popularly explained by the
following anecdote (which is without foundation): An Irish policeman
at Melbourne, on bringing a notorious rough into court, was asked by
the magistrate what the prisoner had been doing, and replied, "He was
<i>a-larrikin'</i> [i. e., a-larking] about the streets."</p>

<p><hw>Lar"vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>larva</i> mask.]
<def>Masked; hence, concealed; obscure; -- applied in medicine to
doubtful cases of some diseases; as, <i>larvate</i> pneumonis;
<i>larvate</i> epilepsy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lar`yn*gec"to*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Larynx</i>
+ Gr. &?; to cut out.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Excision of the
larynx.</def></p>

<p><hw>La*ryn"go*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>larynx</i>
+ <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for recording the larynx
movements in speech.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>La"ta</hw>, <hw>La"tah</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Malay.] <def>A convulsive tic or hysteric neurosis prevalent among
Malays, similar to or identical with miryachit and jumping disease,
the person affected performing various involuntary actions and making
rapid inarticulate ejaculations in imitation of the actions and words
of another person.</def></p>

<p><hw>||La"ti*go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>l&aacute;tigo</i>.] <def>A strap for tightening a saddle
girth.</def> [Western U. S. &amp; Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><! p. 1992 !></p>

<p><hw>La"ti*go hal"ter</hw> (?). <def>A kind of halter usually made
of raw hide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lat"ter*day`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Belonging to
present times or those recent by comparison.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Laut"ver*schie`bung</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>-schiebungen</b></plw> (&?;). [G.; <i>laut</i> sound +
<i>verschiebung</i> shifting.] <i>(Philol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The regular changes which the primitive Indo-European stops, or
mute consonants, underwent in the Teutonic languages, probably as
early as the 3d century <u>b. c.</u> , often called the <i>first
Lautverschiebung</i>, <i>sound shifting</i>, or <i>consonant
shifting</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A somewhat similar set of
changes taking place in the High German dialects (less fully in modern
literary German) from the 6th to the 8th century, known as the
<i>second Lautverschiebung</i>, the result of which form the striking
differences between High German and The Low German Languages. The
statement of these changes is commonly regarded as forming part of
Grimm's law, because included in it as originally framed.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>La val`liere"</hw>, or  <hw>La`val`liere"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A neck ornament consisting of a chain and
single pendant, or drop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lay*ette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The outfit of clothing, blankets, etc., prepared for a newborn
infant, and placed ready for used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lay" read"er</hw>. <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A layman authorized to
read parts of the public service of the church.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lay shaft</hw>, or <hw>Lay"shaft`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A secondary shaft, as in a
sliding change gear for an automobile; a cam shaft operated by a two-
to-one gear in an internal-combustion engine. It is generally a shaft
moving more or less independently of the other parts of a machine, as,
in some marine engines, a shaft, driven by a small auxiliary engine,
for independently operating the valves of the main engine to insure
uniform motion.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Laz`a*ret"</hw> (?), <hw>Laz`a*ret"to</hw> (?) }
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> (Pronounced by seamen &?;) <def>A
low space under the after part of the main deck, used as a
storeroom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lazaret fever</hw>. <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Typhus fever.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lead</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Music.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The announcement by one voice
part of a theme to be repeated by the other parts.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A mark or a short passage in one voice part,
as of a canon, serving as a cue for the entrance of others.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In an internal-combustion engine, the
distance, measured in actual length of piston stroke or the
corresponding angular displacement of the crank, of the piston from
the end of the compression stroke when ignition takes place; -- called
in full <col><b>lead of the ignition</b></col>. When ignition takes
place during the working stroke the corresponding distance from the
commencement of the stroke is called <col><b>negative
lead</b></col>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>The excess above a right
angle in the angle between two consecutive cranks, as of a compound
engine, on the same shaft.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>In spiral screw threads,
worm wheels, or the like, the amount of advance of any point in the
spiral for a complete turn.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn>  <i>(Elec.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
conductor conveying electricity, as from a dynamo.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The angle between the line joining the
brushes of a continuous-current dynamo and the diameter symmetrical
between the poles.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The advance of the
current phase in an alternating circuit beyond that of the
electromotive force producing it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn>  <i>(Theat.)</i> <def>A r&ocirc;le for a leading
man or leading woman; also, one who plays such a r&ocirc;le.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lead"ing edge</hw> (?). <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>same as
<u>Advancing edge</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A loss
of electricity through imperfect insulation; also, the point at which
such loss occurs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leak"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
leak; also; the quantity of electricity thus wasted.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lee"an`gle</hw>, <hw>Li"an`gle</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From native name.] <def>A heavy weapon of the
Australian aborigines with a sharp-pointed end, about nine inches in
length, projecting at right angles from the main part.</def></p>

<p><hw>Left</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Situated so that the left
side of the body is toward it; as, the <i>left</i> side of a
deliberative meeting is that to the left of the presiding officer; the
<i>left</i> wing of an army is that to the left of the center to one
facing an enemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Math.)</i> <def>Either side of a triangle of a triangle as
distinguished from the base or, in a right triangle, from the
hypotenuse; also, an indefinitely extending branch of a curve, as of a
hyperbola.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Telephony)</i> <def>A branch or lateral
circuit connecting an instrument with the main line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A branch circuit; one phase
of a polyphase system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Leg bridge</hw>. <def>A type of bridge for small spans in which
the floor girders are rigidly secured at their extremities to
supporting steel legs, driven into the round as piling, or resting on
mudsills.</def></p>

<p><hw>Legislature</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- The legislatures of
some of the more important states having constitutional government are
as follows, the general name (or a translation of it) of the
legislative body collectively being given under the heading
<i>legislature</i>, <i>or parliament</i>:</p>

<p>
<table>
<headrow><item>State</item><item>Legislature, or
parliament</item><mitem>Upper
House&colret;<item>Name</item><item>Number of members -- how chosen or
composed -- term of office</item></mitem><mitem>Lower
House&colret;<item>Name</item><item>Number of members -- suffrage --
term of office</item></mitem></headrow>
-----------------------------------------------------------------
<row><item>Argentina</item><item>National
Congress</item><item>Senate</item><item>30 -- 2 from each provincew
and 2 from capital -- 9 years</item><item>House of
Deputies</item><item>120  (1 to 33,000) -- Manhood -- 4
years</item></row>
<row><item>Austria</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Belgium</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Brazil</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Chile</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Denmark</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>France</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>German
Empire</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item>
<item></item></row>
<row><item>*Great Britain</item><item>Parliament</item><item>House of
Lords</item><item>About 600</item><item>House of
Commons</item><item>About 670 -- 7 years, or until
dissolution</item></row>
<row><item>Greece</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Hungary</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Italy</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Japan</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Mexico</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Netherlands</item><item></item><item></item><item></item>
<item></item><item></item></row>
<row><item>#Norway</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Portugal</item><item></item><item></item><item></item>
<item></item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Prussia</item><item>Landtag</item>Herrenhaus<item></item>
<item>No limit -- very various classes -- For different
terms</item><item>Abgeordnetenhaus</item><item>433 -- Indirect
election, general suffrage&sect; -- 5 years, or until
dissolution</item></row>
<row><item>Spain</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Sweden</item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item><item></item></row>
<row><item>Switzerland</item><item></item><item></item><item></item>
<item></item><item></item></row>
<row><item>United
States</item><item>Congress</item><item>Senate</item><item>92(1908) --
6 years</item><item>House of Representatives</item><item>391 (1908) --
2 years.</item></row>
</table>
----------------------------------------------------------------
*In the self-governing colonies of Great Britain the legislative body
usually consists of two chambers, the names of the legislature and the
chambers varying.  Thus in Australia the Federal Parliament is
composed of the Senate and the House of Commons, in New Zealand the
General Assembly is composed of the Legislative Council and the House
of Representatives, etc.</p>

<p>#Members of the Storthing are chosen for three years by direct
election by manhood suffrage, forty-one being elected from the towns
and eighty-two from the rural districts.  The Storthing on assembling
divides into the Lagthing including one fourth and the Odelsthing
including three fourths of the total membership of the Storthing.  All
new laws are laid first before the Odelsthing.  If the two houses do
not agree they vote in joint session, a majority of two thirds of
those voting being necessary to a decision.</p>

<p>&sect; While theoretically general, the suffrage is so classified
as often practically to disfranchise those who are not property
holders.
</p>

<p><hw>Leg"-of-mut"ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
general shape or outline of a leg of mutton; as, a <i>leg-of-
mutton</i>, or shoulder-of-mutton, sail.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le*nard" rays</hw> (?). <i>(Physics.)</i> <def>Rays emanating
from the outer surface of a plate composed of any material permeable
by cathode rays, as aluminium, which forms a portion of a wall of a
vacuum tube, or which is mounted within the tube and exposed to
radiation from the cathode. Lenard rays are similar in all their known
properties to cathode rays. So called from the German physicist
Philipp Lenard (b. 1862), who first described them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lenard tube</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A tube for producing
Lenard rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Les"bi*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Amatory; erotic; --
in allusion to the reputed sensuality of the Lesbian people and
literature; as, <i>Lesbian</i> novels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Les"bi*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Unnatural sexual relations between women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lesbian love</hw>. <def>See <u>Lesbianism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Les"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg., prob. fr. Fr.
<i>l'est</i> the east.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A dry sirocco in the
Madeira Islands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Teleg.)</i> <def>A
telegram longer than an ordinary message sent at rates lower than the
standard message rate in consideration of its being sent and delivered
subject to priority in service of regular messages. Such telegrams are
called by the Western Union Company <i>day, or night, letters</i>
according to the time of sending, and by The Postal Telegraph Company
<i>day, or night, lettergrams</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Let"ter*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Letter</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Le*ve"che</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. Cf.
<u>Lebeccio</u>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A dry sirocco of
Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Le`vo*ro*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>l&aelig;vorotation</i>.] [<i>Levo-</i> + <i>rotation</i>.]
<i>(Physics &amp; Chem.)</i> <def>Rotation in the direction of an outgoing
right-handed screw; counter-clockwise rotation; -- applied chiefly to
the turning of the plane of polarization of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li`bel*lee"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The party against whom a libel has been
filed; -- corresponding to <i>defendant</i> in a common law
action.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The defendant in an action of
libel.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lie"der*kranz</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. See <i>Lied</i>,
and <i>Grants</i>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Lit., wreath of songs; -- used
as the title of a group of songs, and esp. as the common name for
German vocal clubs of men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"*struck`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i>
<def>Damaged by accidental exposure to light; light-fogged; -- said of
plates or films.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light"weight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of less
than average weight;</def> specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In
boxing, wrestling, etc., one weighingnot more than 133 pounds (U. S.
amateur rules 135 pounds, Eng. 140 pounds).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A person of small impotance or mental ability.</def> [Colloq.,
Chiefly U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Light"weight`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Light in weight,
as a coin; specif., applied to a man or animal who is a
lightweight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Light year</hw>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>The distance over which
light can travel in a year's time; -- used as a unit in expressing
stellar distances. It is more than 63,000 times as great as the
distance from the earth to the sun.</def></p>

<p><hw>Like</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>The stroke
which equalizes the number of strokes played by the opposing player or
side; as, to play the <i>like</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Li"kin`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>lekin</i>.] [ Chin. <i>li kin</i>; <i>li</i> the thousandth part of
a tael + <i>kin</i> money.] <def>A Chinese provincial tax levied at
many inland stations upon imports or articles in transit.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>Likin</i>," which used to be regarded as illegal,
as one of the many, "squeezes" imposed by the mandarins, is, in
Jamieson's opinion, just as legal as any other form of
taxation.</blockquote>  <i>A. R. Colquhoun.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lil"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Auction Bridge)</i> <def>A
royal spade; -- usually in <i>pl.</i> See <u>Royal spade</u>,
below.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>Lim"burg cheese</hw>, <hw>Lim"burg*er</hw>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Lim"burg*er cheese</hw>} (?). <def>A soft
cheese made in the Belgian province of Limburg (Limbourg), and usually
not eaten until the curing has developed a peculiar and, to most
people, unpleasant odor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lime"light`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Theat.)</i>
<def>That part of the stage upon which the limelight as cast, usually
where the most important action is progressing or where the leading
player or players are placed and upon which the attention of the
spectators is therefore concentrated. Hence, consspicuous position
before the public; as, politicians who are never happy except in the
<i>limelight</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lim"er*ick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be from a
song with the same verse construction, current in Ireland, the refrain
of which  contains the place name <i>Limerick</i>.] <def>A nonsense
poem of five anapestic lines, of which  lines 1, 2, and 5 are of there
feet, and rime, and lines 3 and 4 are of two feet, and rime; as --</p>

<p><blockquote>There was a young lady, Amanda,<BR>
Whose <i>Ballades Lyriques</i> were quite <i>fin de</i><BR>
<i>Si&egrave;cle</i>, I deem<BR>
But her <i>Journal Intime</i><BR>
Was what sent her papa to Uganda.<BR></blockquote>
<BR>
</def></p>

<p><hw>Li`mou*sine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>limousine</i> a kind of cloak, fr. <i>Limousin</i>, an old province
in central France.] <def>An automobile body with seats and permanent
top like a coup&eacute;, and with the top projecting over the driver
and a projecting front; also, an automobile with such a
body.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Line"-up`</hw>, <hw>Line"up`</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The formation of football players before the
start or a restart of play;</def> hence (Colloq.), <def>any
arrangement of persons (rarely, of things), esp. when having a common
purpose or sentiment; as, the <i>line-up</i> at a ticket-office
window; the <i>line-up</i> of political factions.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lin`ge*rie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Linen
goods collectively; linen underwear, esp. of women; the clothing of
linen and cotton with its lace, etc., worn by a women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lin"gua Fran"ca</hw>. <def>Any hybrid or other language used
over a wide area as a common or commercial tongue among peoples of
different speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Link</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Linch</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hill or ridge, as a sand hill, or a wooded
or turfy bank between cultivated fields, etc.</def> [Scot. &amp; Prov.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A winding of a river; also, the ground
along such a winding; a meander; -- usually in <i>pl.</i></def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The windings or "<i>links</i>" of the Forth above and
below Stirling are extremely tortuous.</blockquote>  <i>Encyc.
Brit.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>pl.</i> <def>Sand hills with the surrounding
level or undulating land, such as occur along the seashore, a river
bank, etc.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Golf may be played on any park or common, but its
original home is the "<i>links</i>" or common land which is found by
the seashore, where the short close tuft, the sandy subsoil, and the
many natural obstacles in the shape of bents, whins, sand holes, and
banks, supply the conditions which are easential to the proper pursuit
of the game.</blockquote>  <i>Encyc. of Sport.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1993 !></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <i>pl.</i> <def>Hence, any such piece of ground
where golf is played.</def></p>

<p><hw>Links</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [The pl. form of
<u>Link</u>, but often construed as a sing.] <def>A tract of ground
laid out for the game of golf; a golfing green.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A second <i>links</i> has recently been opened at
Prestwick, and another at Troon, on the same coast.</blockquote>
<i>P. P. Alexander.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lin"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Line</u> ;
<u>Type</u>.] <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of
typesetting machine which produces castings, each of which corresponds
to a line of separate types. By pressing upon keys like those of a
typewriter the matrices for one line are properly arranged; the
stereotype, or slug, is then cast and planed, and the matrices are
returned to their proper places, the whole process being
automatic.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The slug produced by the
machine, or matter composed in such lines.</def> --
<wf>Lin"o*typ`ist</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Li"on</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Lion of
Lucerne</b></col>,  <cd>a famous sculptured lion at Lucerne,
Switzerland, designed by Thorwaldsen and dedicated in 1821 as a
memorial to the Swiss Guards who fell defending Louis XVI. in the
attack of the mob on the Tuileries, Aug. 10, 1792. The animal, which
is hewn out of the face of a rock, is represented as transfixed with a
broken spear and dying, but still trying to protect with its paw a
shield bearing the fleur-de-lis of France.</cd> -- <col><b>Lion of St.
Mark</b></col>, <cd>a winged lion, the emblem of the evangelist Mark,
especially that of bronze surmounting a granite column in the
Piazzetta at Venice, and holding in its fore paws an open book
representing St. Mark's Gospel.</cd> -- <col><b>Lion of the
North</b></col>, <cd>Gustavus Adolphus (1594-1632), King of Sweden,
the hero of the Protestant faith in the Thirty Years' War.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Liq"uid air</hw>. <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A transparent limpid
liquid, slightly blue in color, consisting of a mixture of liquefied
oxygen and nitrogen. It is prepared by subjecting air to great
pressure and then cooling it by its own expansion to a temperature
below the boiling point of its constituents  (N -194&deg; C; O -
183&deg; C.).</def></p>

<p><hw>List</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To plow and plant with a lister.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In cotton culture, to prepare, as land,
for the crop by making alternating beds and alleys with the hoe.</def>
[Southern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>List"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>List</u> a
strip, border, prob. applied to the furrow or the ridge of earth along
the furrow.] <def>A double-moldboard plow which throws a deep furrow,
and at the same time plants and covers grain in the bottom of the
furrow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lis"ter*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>-ized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>-izing</u> (?).] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To make antiseptic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Li"tchi`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of East Indian sapindaceous trees consisting of a single species
(<i>Litchi Chinensis</i>, syn. <i>Nephelium Litchi</i>) which bears
the litchi nut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*phane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Litho-</i> +
Gr. &?; to show, reveal.] <def>Porcelain impressed with figures which
are made distinct by transmitted light, as in a lamp shade.</def> --
<wf>Lith`o*phan"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Li*thoph"a*ny</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*sphere</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Litho-</i> +
<i>sphere</i>.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
solid earth as distinguished from its fluid envelopes, the hydrosphere
and atmosphere.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The outer part of the
solid earth, the portion undergoing change through the gradual
transfer of material by volcanic eruption, the circulation of
underground water, and the process of erosion and deposition. It is,
therefore, regarded as a third mobile envelope comparable with the
hydrosphere and atmosphere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lith"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An etched stone surface for printing, having the design in
relief; also, the process of printing from such a surface, or that
which is printed from it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A machine, with a keyboard like that of a
typewriter, for making a lithographic transfer sheet. It produces a
perforated strip of paper which controls the printing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lit"tle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Little
Englander</b></col>, <cd>an Englishman opposed to territorial
expansion of the British Empire. See <u>Antiimperialism</u>,
above.</cd> Hence: <col><b>Little Englandism</b></col>. --
<col><b>Little-neck clam</b></col>, or <col><b>Little neck</b></col>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>, <cd>the quahog, or round clam.</cd> --
<col><b>Little peach</b></col>, <cd>a disease of peaches in which the
fruit is much dwarfed, and the leaves grow small and thin. The cause
is not known.</cd> -- <col><b>Little Rhod"y</b></col> (&?;), <cd>Rhode
Island; -- a nickname alluding to its small size. It is the smallest
State of the United States.</cd> -- <col><b>Little Sisters of the
Poor</b></col> <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i>, <cd>an order of women who care for
old men and women and infirm poor, for whom special houses are built.
It was established at St. Servan, Britany, France, in 1840, by the
Abb&eacute; Le Pailleur.</cd> -- <col><b>Little slam</b></col>
<i>(Bridge Whist)</i>, <cd>the winning of 12 out of the 13 tricks.  It
counts 20 points on the honor score.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Liv"ing pic"ture</hw>. <def>A tableau in which persons take
part; also, specif., such a tableau as imitating a work of
art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lob</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of lobbing;
specif., an (often gentle) stroke which sends a ball up into the air,
as in tennis to avoid a player at the net.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lob"ster</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>As a term of
opprobrium or contempt: A gullible, awkward, bungling, or undesirable
person.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Lo"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one
of various leguminous plants or weeds besides <i>Astragalus</i>, whose
herbage is poisonous to cattle, as <i>Spiesia Lambertii</i>, syn.
<i>Oxytropis Lambertii</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo"co</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Locoed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Locoing</u>.] <def>To poison with loco; to affect with the loco
disease; hence (Colloq.), to render insane or mad.</def> "The
<i>locoed</i> novelist."  <i>W. D. Howells.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lo"co</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A locomotive.</def>
[Colloq.]  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loco disease</hw>. <i>(Veter.)</i> <def>A chronic nervous
affection of cattle, horses, and sheep, caused by eating the loco weed
and characterized by a slow, measured gait, high step, glassy eyes
with defective vision, delirium, and gradual emaciation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>Pitch or
slope of the face of a club (tending to drive the ball
upward).</def></p>

<p><hw>Loft</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make or furnish with
a loft; to cause to have loft; as, a <i>lofted</i> house; a
<i>lofted</i> golf-club head.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wooden club with a <i>lofted</i> face.</blockquote>
<i>Encyc. of Sport.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loft</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Lofted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Lofting</u>.] <def>To raise aloft; to send into the air;</def> esp.
<i>(Golf)</i>, <def>to strike (the ball) so that it will go over an
obstacle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loft"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>An
iron club used in lofting the ball; -- called also <i>lofting
iron</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Loft"ing iron</hw>. <i>(Golf)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Lofter</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lon"don smoke</hw>. <def>A neutral tint given to spectacles,
shade glasses for optical instruments, etc., which reduces the
intensity without materially changing the color of the transmitted
light.</def></p>

<p><hw>London tuft</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The Sweet William
(<i>Dianthus barbatus</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Lone-Star State</hw>. <def>Texas; -- a nickname alluding to the
single star on its coat of arms, being the device used on its flag and
seal when it was a republic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Long</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Finance &amp; Com.)</i>
<def>Having a supply of stocks or goods; prepared for, or depending
for a profit upon, advance in prices; as, <i>long</i> of cotton.
Hence, the phrases: <i>to be</i>, or <i>go</i>, <i>long of the
market</i>, <i>to be on the long side of the market</i>, to hold
products or securities for a rise in price, esp. when bought on a
margin.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Lo*ret"o</hw> (?), or <hw>Lo*ret"to</hw> (?), <hw>nuns</hw>
}. [From <i>Loreto</i>, a city in Italy famous for its Holy House,
said to be that in which Jesus lived, brought by angels from
Nazareth.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>Members of a congregation of nuns
founded by Mrs. Mary Teresa Ball, near Dublin, Ireland, in 1822, and
now spread over Ireland, India, Canada, and the United States. The
nuns are called also <i>Ladies of Loreto</i>. They are engaged in
teaching girls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lo`ret*tine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Loreto</i>
in Italy.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One of an order
of nuns founded in 1812 at Loretto, in Kentucky. The members of the
order (called also Sisters of Loretto, or Friends of Mary at the Foot
of the Cross) devote themselves to the cause of education and the care
of destitute orphans, their labors being chiefly confined to the
western United States.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A Loreto
nun.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Loup`-ga`rou"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Loups-garous</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. <i>loup</i> wolf + a
Teutonic word akin to E. <i>werewolf</i>.] <def>A werewolf; a
lycanthrope.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The superstition of the <i>loup-garou</i>, or werewolf,
belongs to the folklore of most modern nations, and has its reflex in
the story of "Little Red Riding-hood" and others.</blockquote>
<i>Brinton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Loup"ing</hw> (?). [From <u>Loup</u> to leap.] <i>(Veter.)</i>
<def>An enzo&ouml;tic, often fatal, disease of sheep and other
domestic animals, of unknown cause. It is characterized by muscular
tremors and spasms, followed by more or less complete paralysis. The
principal lesion is an inflammation of the membranes covering the
brain and spinal cord.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lov"ing cup`</hw>. <def>A large ornamental drinking vessel
having two or more handles, intended to pass from hand to hand, as at
a banquet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Low"boy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A chest of drawers
not more than four feet high; -- applied commonly to the lower half of
a tallboy from which the upper half has been removed.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Low steel</hw>. <def>See under <u>Low</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Luf"fa</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Ar.
<i>l&umacr;fah</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small
genus of tropical cucurbitaceous plants having white flowers, the
staminate borne in racemes, and large fruits with a dry fibrous
pericarp. The fruit of several species and the species themselves,
esp. <i>L. &AElig;gyptiaca</i>, are called <i>dishcloth
gourds</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any plant of this genus, or
its fruit.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The fibrous skeleton of the
fruit, used as a sponge and in the manufacture of caps and women's
hats; -- written also <i>loofah</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lum"ber State</hw>. <def>Maine; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Lu"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. L.
<plw><b>Lumina</b></plw> (#), E. <plw><b>Lumens</b></plw> (#). [L.,
light, an opening for light.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Photom.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A unit of illumination, being the amount of
illumination of a unit area of spherical surface, due to a light of
unit intensity placed at the center of the sphere.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A unit of light flux, being the flux through
one square meter of surface the illumination of which is uniform and
of unit brightness.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An opening, space, or
cavity, esp. a tubular cavity; a vacuole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu`mi*nes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Luminescent</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Any
emission of light not ascribable directly to incandescence, and
therefore occurring at low temperatures, as in phosphorescence and
fluorescence or other luminous radiation resulting from vital
processes, chemical action, friction, solution, or the influence of
light or of ultraviolet or cathode rays, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The faculty or power of voluntarily producing light, as in the
firefly and glowworm.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The light thus
produced; luminosity; phosphorescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lu`mi*nes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>luminare</i> to illuminate + <i>-escent</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Shining with a light due to any of the various causes which
produce luminescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lump"y-jaw`</hw>. <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Actinomycosis.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Lush</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymol uncertain; said to
be fr. <i>Lushington</i>, name of a London brewer.] <def>Liquor, esp.
intoxicating liquor; drink.</def> [Slang]  <i>C. Lever.</i></p>

<p><hw>Lu*te"ci*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A metallic element separated from ytterbium in 1907, by Urbain in
Paris and by von Welsbach in Vienna. Symbol, <i>Lu</i>; at. wt.
174.0.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ly`c&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. Cf.
<u>Lyceum</u>.] <def>A French lyceum, or secondary school supported by
the French government, for preparing students for the
university.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lydd"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
high explosive consisting principally of picric acid, used as a shell
explosive in the British service; -- so named from the proving grounds
at <i>Lydd</i>, England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lymph</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A
fluid containing certain products resulting from the growth of
specific micro&ouml;rganisms upon some culture medium, and supposed to
be possessed of curative properties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Lymph node</hw>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A lymphatic
gland.</def></p>

<p><point26>M.</point26></p>

<p><hw>||Ma`c&eacute;`doine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
apparently the same word as <i>Mac&eacute;doine</i> Macedonia.] <def>A
kind of mixed dish, as of cooked vegetables with white sauce, sweet
jelly with whole fruit, etc. Also, fig., a medley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mack"i*naw boat</hw>. <def>A flat-bottomed boat with a pointed
prow and square stern, using oars or sails or both, used esp. on the
upper Great Lakes and their tributaries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mackinaw coat</hw>. <def>A short, heavy, double-breasted plaid
coat, the design of which is large and striking.</def> [Local, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mackinaw trout</hw>. <def>The namaycush.</def></p>

<p><hw>M'-Naught"</hw> (m<i>a</i>k*n&add;t"), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Steam Engines)</i> <def>To increase the power of (a single-
cylinder beam engine) by adding a small high-pressure cylinder with a
piston acting on the beam between the center and the flywheel end,
using high-pressure steam and working as a compound engine, -- a plan
introduced by M'Naught, a Scottish engineer, in 1845.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mac"ro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Macro-</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>A picture of an object as seen by the naked eye
(that is, unmagnified); as, a <i>macrograph</i> of a metallic
fracture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*crog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Examination
or study with the naked eye, as distinguished from
<i>micrography</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*dei"ra vine</hw> (?). <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A herbaceous
climbing vine (<i>Boussingaultia baselloides</i>) very popular in
cultivation, having shining entire leaves and racemes of small
fragrant white flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Madeira wood</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
mahogany tree (<i>Swietenia Mahogoni</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A West Indian leguminous tree (<i>Lysiloma Latisiliqua</i>) the
wood of which is used for boat trimming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*dras"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after
<i>Madras</i>, a city and presidency of India.] <def>A large silk-and-
cotton kerchief, usually of bright colors, such as those often used by
negroes for turbans.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A black woman in blue cotton gown, red-and-yellow
<i>madras</i> turban . . . crouched against the wall.</blockquote>
<i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Maf"fi*a</hw> (?), <hw>||Ma"fi*a</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>maffia</i>.] <def>A secret society which
organized in Sicily as a political organization, but is now widespread
among Italians, and is used to further or protect private interests,
reputedly by illegal methods.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Maf`fi*o"so</hw> (?), <hw>||Ma`fi*o"so</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-si</b></plw> (#). [It.
<i>maffioso</i>.] <def>A member of the maffia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag`a*zine"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A country or district especially rich in natural
products.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A city viewed as a marketing
center.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A reservoir or supply chamber for a stove,
battery, camera, typesetting machine, or other apparatus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>A store, or shop, where goods are kept for
sale.</def></p>

<p><hw>Magazine camera</hw>. <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A camera in which a
number of plates can be exposed without reloading.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mag`net*o*mo"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Magneto-
</i> + <i>motive</i>, a.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or
designating, a force producing magnetic flux, analogous to
electromotive force, and equal to the magnetic flux multiplied by the
magnetic reluctance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*hat"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>mah&amacr;tman</i>, lit., great-souled, wise.] <i>(Theosophy)</i>
<def>One of a class of sages, or "adepts," reputed to have knowledge
and powers of a higher order than those of ordinary men.</def> --
<wf>Ma*hat"ma*ism</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mah"di*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Mahdism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mah"dism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Belief in the
coming of the Mahdi; fanatical devotion to the cause of the Mahdi or a
pretender to that title.</def> -- <wf>Mah"dist</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Mahdism</i> has proved the most shameful and
terrible instrument of bloodshed and oppression which the modern world
has ever witnessed.</blockquote>  <i>E. N. Bennett.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mai*dan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>midan</i>, <i>meidan</i>, <i>mydan</i>, etc.] [Hind. &amp; Per.
<i>maid&amacr;n</i>, fr. Ar. <i>maid&amacr;n</i>.] <def>In various
parts of Asia, an open space, as for military exercises, or for a
market place; an open grassy tract; an esplanade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A gallop on the green <i>maidan</i>.</blockquote>
<i>M. Crawford.</i></p>

<p><hw>Make and break</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Any apparatus for
making and breaking an electric circuit; a circuit breaker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Malaria parasite</hw>. <def>Any of several minute protozoans of
the genus <i>Plasmodium</i> (syn. <i>H&aelig;matozo&ouml;n</i>) which
in their adult condition live in the tissues of mosquitoes of the
genus <i>Anopheles</i> (which see) and when transferred to the blood
of man, by the bite of the mosquito, produce malaria.</def> The young
parasites, or <b>sporozoites</b>, enter the red blood corpuscles,
growing at their expense, undergoing sporulation, and finally
destroying the corpuscles, thus liberating in the blood plasma an
immense number of small spores called <b>merozoites</b>. An indefinite
but not ultimated number of such generations may follow, but if
meanwhile the host is bitten by a mosquito, the parasites develop into
gametes in the stomach of the insect. These conjugate, the zygote thus
produced divides, forming spores, and eventually sporozoites, which,
penetrating to the salivary glands of the mosquito, may be introduced
into a new host. The attacks of the disease coincide with the
dissolution of the corpuscles and liberation of the spores and
products of growth of the parasites into the blood plasma. Several
species of the parasite are distinguished, as <i>P. vivax</i>,
producing tertian malaria; <i>P. malari&aelig;</i>, quartan malaria;
and <i>P. (subgenus Laverania) falciferum</i>, the malarial fever of
summer and autumn common in the tropics.</p>

<p><! p. 1994 !></p>

<p><hw>Mal"lee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A dwarf Australian eucalypt with
a number of thin stems springing from a thickened stock. The most
common species are <i>Eucalyptus dumosa</i> and <i>E.
Gracilis</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Scrub or thicket formed by the
mallee.</def> [Australia]</p>

<p><hw>Mal"pais`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp. <i>mal</i>,
<i>malo</i>, bad, and <i>pa&iacute;s</i> country.] <i>(Geol.)</i>
<def>The rough surface of a congealed lava stream.</def> [Southwestern
U. S.]
</p>

<p><hw>Man</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Man of sin</b></col>
<i>(Script.)</i>, <cd>one who is the embodiment of evil, whose coming
is represented (<i>2 Thess. ii. 3</i>) as preceding the second coming
of Christ.</cd> [A Hebraistic expression] -- <col><b>Man-stopping
bullet</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>, <cd>a bullet which will produce a
sufficient shock to stop a soldier advancing in a charge; specif., a
small-caliber bullet so modified as to expand when striking the human
body. Such bullets are chiefly used in wars with savage
tribes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Man"bird`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An aviator.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Man*do"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Mandolin</u>.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>An instrument closely resembling
the mandolin, but of larger size and tuned lower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`ga*nese" steel</hw>. <def>Cast steel containing a
considerable percentage of manganese, which makes it very hard and
tough. See <u>Alloy steel</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man*han"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>-handled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>-handling</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move, or manage, by
human force without mechanical aid; as, to <i>manhandle</i> a
cannon.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To handle roughly; as, the captive was
<i>manhandled</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`h&egrave;s" proc"ess</hw> (?). <i>(Copper Metal.)</i>
<def>A process by which copper matte is treated by passing through it
a blast of air, to oxidize and remove sulphur. It is analogous in
apparatus to the Bessemer process for decarbonizing cast iron. So
called from Pierre Manh&egrave;s, a French metallurgist, who invented
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; mad, frenzied.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Of or pert. to, or characterized by, mania, or
excitement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*cure</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The care of the
hands and nails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man"i*cure</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Manicured</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Manicuring</u> (?).] <def>To care for (the hands and
nails); to care for the hands and nails of; to do manicure
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>||M&auml;n"ner*chor`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>G.
pl.</i> <plw><b>-ch&ouml;re</b></plw> (#). [G.; <i>m&auml;nner</i>,
pl. of <i>mann</i> man + <i>chor</i> chorus.] <def>A German men's
chorus or singing club.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"no</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., lit., hand.]
<def>The muller, or crushing and grinding stone, used in grinding corn
on a metate.</def> [Mexico &amp; Local U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Man"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; thin, rare
+ <i>-graph</i>: cf. F. <i>manographe</i>.] <i>(Engin.)</i> <def>An
optical device for making an indicator diagram for high-speed engines.
It consists of a light-tight box or camera having at one end a small
convex mirror which reflects a beam of light on to the ground glass or
photographic plate at the other end. The mirror is pivoted so that it
can be moved in one direction by a small plunger operated by an
elastic metal diaphragm which closes a tube connected with the engine
cylinder. It is also moved at right angles to this direction by a
reducing motion, called a <i>reproducer</i>, so as to copy accurately
on a smaller scale the motion of the engine piston. The resultant of
these two movements imparts to the reflected beam of light a motion
similar to that of the pencil of the ordinary indicator, and this can
be traced on the sheet of ground glass, or photographed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`tel*let"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.
<i>mantelletta</i>. See <u>Mantelet</u>.] <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>A
silk or woolen vestment without sleeves worn by cardinals, bishops,
abbots, and the prelates of the Roman court. It has a low collar, is
fastened in front, and reaches almost to the knees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Man`za*nil"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Olive
Trade)</i> <def>A kind of small roundish olive with a small freestone
pit, a fine skin, and a peculiar bitterish flavor. Manzanillas are
commonly pitted and stuffed with Spanish pimientos.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar`a*bou"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of thrown
raw silk, nearly white naturally, but capable of being dyed without
scouring; also, a thin fabric made from it, as for scarfs, which
resembles the feathers of the marabou in delicacy, -- whence the
name.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*ra"thi</hw> (?), <hw>Mah*rat"ta</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Sanskritic language of western India,
prob. descended from the Maharastri Prakrit, spoken by the Marathas
and neighboring peoples. It has an abundant literature dating from the
13th century. It has a book alphabet nearly the same as Devanagari and
a cursive script translation between the Devanagari and the
Gujarati.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*co"ni</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [After Guglielmo
<i>Marconi</i> (b. 1874), Italian inventor.] <def>Designating, or
pert. to, Marconi's system of wireless telegraphy; as, <i>Marconi</i>
a&euml;rial, coherer, station, system, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*co"ni*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Marconi</i>
+ <i>-gram</i>.] <def>A Marconi wireless message.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*co"ni*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Marconi</i>
+ <i>-graph</i>.] <def>The apparatus used in Marconi wireless
telegraphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*co"ni's law</hw> (?). <i>(Wireless Teleg.)</i> <def>The law
that the maximum good signaling distance varies directly as the square
of the height of the transmitting antenna.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*co"nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The theory or
practice of Marconi's wireless telegraph system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar*co"ni system</hw> (?). <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A system or
wireless telegraphy developed by G. <i>Marconi</i>, an Italian
physicist, in which Hertzian waves are used in transmission and a
coherer is used as the receiving instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ma"re clau"sum</hw> (?). [L.] <i>(Internat. Law)</i>
<def>Lit., closed sea; hence, a body of water within the separate
jurisdiction of the nation; -- opposed to <i>open sea</i>, the water
open to all nations and over which no single nation has special
control.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ga*rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Artificial butter; oleomargarine.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The word <i>margarine</i> shall mean all substances,
whether compounds or otherwise, prepared in imitation of butter, and
whether mixed with butter or not.</blockquote>  <i>Margarine Act, 1887
(50 &amp; 51 Vict. c. 29).</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Margarin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"ga*ry*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>-ized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>-izing</u> (?).] [(J. J. Lloyd) <i>Margary</i>, inventor of the
process + <i>-ize</i>.] <def>To impregnate (wood) with a preservative
solution of copper sulphate (often called <hw>Mar"ga*ry's flu"id</hw>
[-r&ibreve;z]).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma*ri"nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bombastic
literary style marked by the use of metaphors and antitheses
characteristic of the Italian poet Giambattista Marini (1569-
1625).</def> -- <wf>Ma*ri"nist</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mar"riage</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In b&eacute;zique,
penuchle, and similar games at cards, the combination of a king and
queen of the same suit. If of the trump suit, it is called a <i>royal
marriage</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Martius</i>.]
<def>Of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war, or to the planet
bearing his name; martial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mar"tian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of the
planet Mars.</def>  <i>Du Maurier.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mash"ie</hw>, <hw>Mash"y</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
pl. <plw><b>Mashies</b></plw> (#). [Etym. uncert.] <def>A golf club
like the iron, but with a shorter head, slightly more lofted, used
chiefly for short approaches.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mask</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
person wearing a mask; a masker.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>mask</i> that has the arm of the Indian
queen.</blockquote>  <i>G. W. Cable.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Sporting)</i> <def>The head or face of a
fox.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Death mask</b></col>, <cd>a cast of the face of a dead
person.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Mas"sage</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>To treat by means of massage; to rub or knead; as, to
<i>massage</i> a patient with ointment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"sag*ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices massage; a masseur or masseuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mas`seur"</hw> (m&adot;`s&ucirc;r"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
pl. <plw><b>-seurs</b></plw> (-s&ucirc;rz"; <i>F.</i> -s&ucirc;r").
[F. See <u>Massage</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A man who practices
massage.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An instrument used in the performance of
massage.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mas`seuse"</hw> (m&adot;*s&ucirc;z"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
pl. <plw><b>-seuses</b></plw> (<i>F.</i> -s&ucirc;z"). [F.] <def>A
woman who practices massage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mast</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>A spar or strut to which tie wires or guys are attached for
stiffening purposes.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mas"ta*ba</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Mas"ta*bah</hw>  }. [Ar. <i>ma&ccedil;tabah</i> a large stone
bench.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In Mohammedan countries, a fixed seat,
common in dwellings and in public places.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Egyptology)</i> <def>A type of tomb, of the
time of the Memphite dynasties, comprising an oblong structure with
sloping sides (sometimes containing a decorated chamber, sometimes of
solid masonry), and connected with a mummy chamber in the rock
beneath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas"ter vi"bra*tor</hw>. <def>In an internal-combustion engine
with two or more cylinders, an induction coil and vibrator placed in
the circuit between the battery or magneto and the coils for the
different cylinders, which are used without vibrators of their
own.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mas`toid*i*tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Mastoid</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation in
the mastoid process of the temporal bone.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mat`a*be"le</hw> (?), or <hw>Mat`a*be"les</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>, <i>sing.</i> <singw><b>Matabele</b></singw>.
[Written also <i>Matabili</i>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A warlike South
African Kaffir tribe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"a*dor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>[Skat]</i> <def>The jack of clubs, or any other trump held in
sequence with it, whether by the player or by his
adversaries.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A certain game of dominoes in which four
dominoes (the 4-3, 5-2, 6-1, and double blank), called
<i>matadors</i>, may be played at any time in any way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma`ta*jue"lo</hw> (m&auml;`t&adot;*hw&amacr;"l&omacr;; 239),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp. <i>matajud&iacute;o</i> a kind of fish.]
<def>A large squirrel fish (<i>Holocentrus ascensionis</i>) of Florida
and the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma`ta*jue"lo blan"co</hw> (?). [Sp. <i>blanco</i> white.]
<def>A West Indian food fish (<i>Malacanthus plumieri</i>) related to
the tilefish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Match game</hw>. <def>A game arranged as a test of superiority;
also, one of a series of such games.</def></p>

<p><hw>Match play</hw>. <i>(Golf)</i> <def>Play in which the score is
reckoned by counting the holes won or lost by each side; -- disting.
from <i>medal play</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mate`las`s&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p.p.
of <i>matelasser</i> to cushion, to cover as with a mattress, fr.
<i>matelas</i> mattress. See <u>Mattress</u>.] <def>Ornamented by
means of an imitation or suggestion of quilting, the surface being
marked by depressed lines which form squares or lozenges in relief;
as, <i>matelass&eacute;</i> silks.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mate`las`s&eacute;"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A quilted
ornamented dress fabric of silk or silk and wool.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mat"e*lote</hw> (?), <hw>Mat"e*lotte</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>matelote</i>, fr. <i>matelot</i> a sailor;
properly, a dish such as a sailors prepare.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
stew, commonly of fish, flavored with wine, and served with a wine
sauce containing onions, mushrooms, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An old dance of sailors, in double time,
and somewhat like a hornpipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mat"toid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>matto</i> mad
(cf. L. <i>mattus</i>, <i>matus</i>, drunk) + <i>-oid</i>.] <def>A
person of congenitally abnormal mind bordering on insanity or
degeneracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mat*toir"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>matoir</i>.]
<i>(Engraving)</i> <def>A kind of coarse punch with a rasplike face,
used for making a rough surface on etching ground, or on the naked
copper, the effect after biting being very similar to stippled
lines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Maun"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Maundy
Thursday</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The sacrament of the Lord's
Supper.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The ceremony of washing the feet of the
poor on Maundy Thursday.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>The alms distributed in connection with
this ceremony or on Maundy Thursday.</def></p>

<p>&fist; In England, the foot washing is obsolete, but the "royal
maundy" is distributed annually on behalf of the sovereign. Since 1890
this distribution has been made from Westminster Abbey.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Maundy coins</hw> or <hw>money</hw>  }. <def>Silver coins or
money of the nominal value of 1<i>d.</i>, 2<i>d.</i>, 3<i>d.</i>, and
4<i>d.</i>, struck annually for the Maundy alms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mav"er*ick</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To take a
maverick.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Maverick brand</hw>. <def>A brand originated by a dishonest
cattleman, who, without owning any stock, gradually accumulates a herd
by finding mavericks.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Ma*vour"nin</hw>, <hw>Ma*vour"neen</hw>  }
(m&adot;*v&oomac;r"n&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>mo
mhuirnin</i> my darling; <i>mo</i> my + <i>mhuirnin</i> darling.]
<def>My darling; -- an Irish term of endearment for a girl or
woman.</def> "Erin <i>mavournin</i>."  <i>Campbell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Max"im gun`</hw> (?). <def>A kind of machine gun; -- named
after its inventor, Hiram S. <i>Maxim</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ma"yan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Designating, or pertaining to, an American Indian linguistic
stock occupying the Mexican States of Veracruz, Chiapas, Tabasco,
Campeche, and Yucatan, together with a part of Guatemala and a part of
Salvador. The Mayan peoples are dark, short, and brachycephallic, and
at the time of the discovery had attained a higher grade of culture
than any other American people. They cultivated a variety of crops,
were expert in the manufacture and dyeing of cotton fabrics, used
cacao as a medium of exchange, and were workers of gold, silver, and
copper. Their architecture comprised elaborately carved temples and
places, and they possessed a superior calendar, and a developed system
of hieroglyphic writing, with records said to go back to about 700
<u>a. d</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Of or pertaining to the Mayas.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mayan arch</hw>, or <hw>Maya arch</hw>  }. <def>A form of
corbel arch employing regular small corbels.</def></p>

<p><hw>May laws</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>See <u>Kulturkampf</u>,
above.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In Russia, severe oppressive laws against
Jews, which have given occasion for great persecution; -- so called
because they received the assent of the czar in May, 1882, and because
likened to the Prussian May laws (see <u>Kulturkampf</u>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Maz`a*rine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Cookery)</i>
<def>A forcemeat entr&eacute;e.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"al play`</hw>. <i>(Golf)</i> <def>Play in which the score
is reckoned by counting the number of strokes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Med"i*cine</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Among the North American Indians, any object
supposed to give control over natural or magical forces, to act as a
protective charm, or to cause healing; also, magical power itself; the
potency which a charm, token, or rite is supposed to exert.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The North American Indian boy usually took as his
<i>medicine</i> the first animal of which he dreamed during the long
and solitary fast that he observed at puberty.</blockquote>  <i>F. H.
Giddings.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Hence, a similar object or agency among
other savages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Short for <u>Medicine man</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Intoxicating liquor; drink.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Mediterranean fruit fly</hw>. <def>A two-winged fly
(<i>Ceratitis capitata</i>) with black and white markings, native of
the Mediterranean countries, but now widely distributed. Its larva
lives in ripening oranges, peaches, and other fruits, causing them to
decay and fall.</def>
</p>

<p>{ <hw>Me*dji"di*e</hw>, <hw>Me*dji"di*eh</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. <i>maj&imacr;dieh</i> (prop. fem. a., fr.
Ar. <i>mej&imacr;d</i> glorious); -- so called after the sultan Abdul
<i>Mejid</i>, lit., "servant of the Glorious One," i.e., of God.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A silver coin of Turkey
formerly rated at twenty, but since 1880 at nineteen, piasters (about
83 cents).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A gold coin of Turkey equal
to one hundred piastres ($4.396 or 18s. &frac34;d.); a lira, or
Turkish pound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A Turkish honorary order established in
1851 by Abdul-Mejid, having as its badge a medallion surrounded by
seven silver rays and crescents. It is often conferred on
foreigners.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Meg`a*lo*ce*pha"li*a</hw> (?), <hw>Meg`a*lo*ceph"a*ly</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>megalocephalia</i>, fr. Gr. &?;
having a large head.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The condition of having an
abnormally large head.</def> -- <wf>Meg`a*lo*ce*phal"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Meg`a*scop"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Meg`a*scop"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the megascope or the projection upon a screen of images
of opaque objects.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Enlarged or
magnified; -- said of images or of photographic pictures,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn> <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>Large enough to be seen; --
said of the larger structural features and components of rocks which
do not require the use of the microscope to be perceived. Opposed to
<i>microscopic</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel`an*co`ni*a"ce*&aelig;</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>
[NL.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A family of fungi constituting the order
Melanconiales.</def> -- <wf>Mel`an*co`ni*a"ceous</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mel`an*co`ni*a"les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
<i>Melanconium</i>, name of the typical genus, fr. Gr. &?; black + &?;
dust, in allusion to the dark spores.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The smallest
of the three orders of Fungi Imperfecti, including those with no asci
nor pycnidia, but as a rule having the spores in cavities without
special walls. They cause many of the plant diseases known as
anthracnose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mel"a*nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>The character of having a high degree of pigmentation, as shown
in dark skin, eyes, and hair.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1995 !></p>

<p><hw>||Mel`a*no"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; L. pl. <plw><b>-
nomata</b></plw> (#). [NL.; Gr. &?;, &?;, black + <i>-oma</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tumor containing dark
pigment.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Development of dark-pigmented
tumors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meld</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Melded</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Melding</u>.] [G. <i>melden</i> to announce.] <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<def>In the game of pinochle, to declare or announce for a score; as,
to <i>meld</i> a sequence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Meld</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>Any
combination or score which may be declared, or melded, in
pinochle.</def></p>

<p><hw>||M&ecirc;`l&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
cavalry exercise in which two groups of riders try to cut paper plumes
off the helmets of their opponents, the contest continuing until no
member of one group retains his plume; -- sometimes called
<i>Balaklava m&ecirc;l&eacute;e</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>M&eacute;"lin*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A high explosive similar to lyddite, consisting
principally of picric acid, used in the French military
service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*lun"geon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>m&eacute;langer</i> to mix, <i>m&eacute;lange</i> a mixture.]
<def>One of a mixed white and Indian people living in parts of
Tennessee and the Carolinas. They are descendants of early
intermixtures of white settlers with natives. In North Carolina the
<col><b>Croatan Indians</b></col>, regarded as descended from
Raleigh's lost colony of Croatan, formerly classed with negroes, are
now legally recognized as distinct.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*men"to mo"ri</hw> (?). [L.] <def>Lit., remember to die,
i.e., that you must die; a warning to be prepared for death; an
object, as a death's-head or a personal ornament, usually emblematic,
used as a reminder of death.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*mo"ri*al Day</hw>. <def>A day, May 30, appointed for
commemorating, by decorating their graves with flowers, by patriotic
exercises, etc., the dead soldiers and sailors who served the Civil
War (1861-65) in the United States; Decoration Day. It is a legal
holiday in most of the States. In the Southern States, the Confederate
Memorial Day is: May 30 in Virginia; April 26 in Alabama, Florida,
Georgia, and Mississippi; May 10 in North Carolina and South Carolina;
the second Friday in May in Tennessee; June 3 in Louisiana.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Memorial rose</hw>. <def>A Japanese evergreen rose (<i>Rosa
wichuraiana</i>) with creeping branches, shining leaves, and single
white flowers. It is often planted in cemeteries.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mem"-sa`hib</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>mem-
s&amacr;hib</i>; <i>mem</i> (fr. E. <i>ma'am</i>) + Ar.
<i>&ccedil;&amacr;hib</i> master. See <u>Sahib</u>.] <def>Lady;
mistress; -- used by Hindustani-speaking natives in India in
addressing European women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men*de"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Mendel's
law</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Pert. to Mendel, or to Mendel's
law.</def> -- <wf>Men*de"li*an*ism</wf> (#), <wf>Men*del"ism</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mendelian character</hw>. <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A character which
obeys Mendel's law in regard to its hereditary transmission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Men"del's law</hw> (?). <def>A principle governing the
inheritance of many characters in animals and plants, discovered by
Gregor J. Mendel (Austrian Augustinian abbot, 1822-84) in breeding
experiments with peas. He showed that the height, color, and other
characters depend on the presence of determinating factors behaving as
units. In any given germ cell each of these is either present or
absent.</def> The following example (using letters as symbols of the
determining factors and hence also of the individuals possessing them)
shows the operation of the law: Tallness being due to a factor
<i>T</i>, a tall plant, arising by the union in fertilization of two
germ cells both bearing this factor, is <i>TT</i>; a dwarf, being
without <i>T</i>, is <i>tt</i>. Crossing these, crossbreeds,
<i>Tt</i>, result (called generation <i>F</i><subs>1</subs>). In the
formation of the germ cells of these crossbreeds a process of
segregation occurs such that germ cells, whether male or female, are
produced of two kinds, <i>T</i> and <i>t</i>, in equal numbers. The
<i>T</i> cells bear the factor "tallness," the <i>t</i> cells are
devoid of it. The offspring, generation <i>F</i><subs>2</subs>, which
arise from the chance union of these germ cells in pairs, according to
the law of probability, are therefore on an average in the following
proportions:</p>

<p>1 <i>TT</i> : 2 <i>Tt</i> : 1 <i>tt</i>;</p>

<p>and thus plants pure in tallness (<i>TT</i>) and dwarfness
(<i>tt</i>), as well as crossbreeds (<i>Tt</i>), are formed by the
interbreeding of crossbreeds. Frequently, as in this example, owning
to what is called the <i>dominance</i> of a factor, the operation of
Mendel's law may be complicated by the fact that when a
<i>dominant</i> factor (as <i>T</i>) occurs with its allelomorph (as
<i>t</i>), called <i>recessive</i>, in the crossbreed <i>Tt</i>, the
individual <i>Tt</i> is itself indistinguishable from the pure form
<i>TT</i>. Generation <i>F</i><subs>1</subs>, containing only the
<i>Tt</i> form, consists entirely of dominants (tall plants) and
generation <i>F</i><subs>2</subs> consists of three dominants (2
<i>Tt</i>, 1 <i>TT</i>) to one dwarf (<i>tt</i>), which, displaying
the feature suppressed in <i>F</i><subs>1</subs>, is called
<i>recessive</i>. Such qualitative and numerical regularity has been
proved to exist in regard to very diverse qualities or characters
which compose living things, both wild and domesticated, such as
colors of flowers, of hair or eyes, patterns, structure, chemical
composition, and power of resisting certain diseases. The diversity of
forms produced in crossbreeding by horticulturists and fanciers
generally results from a process of analytical variation or
recombination of the factors composing the parental types. Purity of
type consequently acquires a specific meaning. An individual is pure
in respect of a given character when it results from the union of two
sexual cells both bearing that character, or both without it.</p>

<p><hw>Mer"cer*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>-ized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>-izing</u> (?).] [From (John) <i>Mercer</i> (1791-1866), an English
calico printer who introduced the process + <i>-ize</i>.] <def>To
treat (cotton fiber or fabrics) with a solution of caustic alkali.
Such treatment causes the fiber to shrink in length and become
stronger and more receptive of dyes. If the yarn or cloth is kept
under tension during the process, it assumes a silky luster.</def> --
<wf>Mer`cer*i*za"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mer*cu"ri*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Mercurial</i> + <i>-ism</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The morbid
condition produced by the excessive use of mercury, or by exposure to
its fumes, as in mining or smelting.</def></p>

<p>
<hw>||Me"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.; cf. Pg. <i>mero</i>.]
<def>Any of several large groupers of warm seas, esp. the guasa
(<i>Epinephelus guaza</i>), the red grouper (<i>E. morio</i>), the
black grouper (<i>E. nigritas</i>), distinguished as <hw>Me"ro de lo
al"to</hw> (&?;), and a species called also <i>rock hind</i>,
distinguished as <hw>Me"ro ca*brol"la</hw> (&?;).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mer`o*zo"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; part +
Sporo<i>zoa</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A form of spore, usually
elongate or falciform, and somewhat am&oelig;boid, produced by
segmentation of the schizonts of certain Sporozoa, as the malaria
parasite.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*my*ce"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.;
<i>meso-</i> + <i>mycetes</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the three
classes into which the fungi are divided in Brefeld's
classification.</def> -- <wf>||Mes`o*my*ce"tous</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Mes`o*tho"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; <i>meso-
</i> + <i>thorium</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A radioactive product
intermediate between thorium and radiothorium, with a period of 5.5
years.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mes*qui"te bean</hw>. <def>The pod or seed of the
mesquite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mess</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a mess of; to
disorder or muddle; to muss; to jumble; to disturb.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It was n't right either to be <i>messing</i> another
man's sleep.</blockquote>  <i>Scribner's Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mes"sage stick</hw>. <def>A stick, carved with lines and dots,
used, esp. by Australian aborigines, to convey information.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mess beef</hw>. <def>Barreled salt beef, packed with about 80
pounds chuck and rump, two flanks, and the rest plates.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tab"o*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The series of chemical changes which take place in an organism,
by means of which food is manufactured and utilized and waste
materials are eliminated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Me*tal"lo*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>metallum</i> metal + Gr. &?; sound.] <i>(Music)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An instrument like a pianoforte, but having
metal bars instead of strings.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
instrument like the xylophone, but having metallic instead of wooden
bars.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me*ta"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., fr. Mex.
<i>metlatl</i>.] <def>A flat or somewhat hollowed stone upon which
grain or other food is ground, by means of a smaller stone or
pestle.</def> [Southwestern U. S. &amp; Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>Meth`a*nom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Methane</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument, resembling a
eudiometer, to detect the presence and amount of methane, as in coal
mines.</def></p>

<p><hw>||M&eacute;`tier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Calling; vocation; business; trade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Not only is it the business of no one to preach the
truth but it is the <i>m&eacute;tier</i> of many to conceal
it.</blockquote>  <i>A. R. Colquhoun.</i></p>

<p><hw>Me"tol</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.; trade name, fr.
<i>meta-</i> + kre<i>sol</i> cresol.] <def>A whitish soluble powder
used as a developer in photography. Chemically, it is the sulphate of
<chname>methyl-<i>p</i>-amino-<i>m</i>-cresol</chname>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Met"ric ton</hw>. <def>A weight of 1,000 kilograms, or 2,204.6
pounds avoirdupois.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Me"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., neut. of
<i>meus</i> mine.] <def>Lit., mine; that which is mine; -- used in the
phrase <i>meum et tuum</i>, or <i>meum and tuum</i>; as, to confound
<i>meum and tuum</i>, to fail to distinguish one's own property from
that of others; to be dishonest.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ancestors . . . generally esteemed more renowned for
ancient family and high courage than for accurately regarding the
trifling distinction of <i>meum and tuum</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Sir W.
Scott.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Mez"za ma*jol"i*ca</hw> (?). [It. See <u>Mezzo</u>;
<u>Majolica</u>.] <i>(Ceramics)</i> <def>Italian pottery of the epoch
and general character of majolica, but less brilliantly decorated,
esp. such pottery without tin enamel, but painted and
glazed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mez"za*nine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A flooring laid over a floor to bring it up to some height or
level.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  Also <col><b>mezzanine floor</b></col>.
<i>(Theat.)</i> <def>A floor under the stage, from which various
contrivances, as traps, are worked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Anagram of <i>ohm</i>.]
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A unit of conductivity, being the reciprocal of
the ohm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mhom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Mho</i>  + <i>-
meter</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring
conductivity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*a*nal"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Micro-
</i> + <i>analysis</i>.] <def>Analysis of the structure of materials
from careful observation of photomicrographs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*bar"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Micro-
</i> + <i>barograph</i>.] <def>An instrument for recording minor
fluctuations of atmospheric pressure, as opposed to general barometric
surges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*bi*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Microbe</u>; <u>-logy</u>.] <def>The study of minute organisms, or
microbes, as the bacteria.</def> -- <wf>Mi`cro*bi`o*log"ic*al</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Mi`cro*bi*ol"o*gist</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mi*crog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Micro-</i> +
<i>-graphy</i>.] <def>Examination or study by means of the microscope,
as of an etched surface of metal to determine its structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*par"a*site</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
parasitic micro&ouml;rganism.</def> -- <wf>Mi`cro*par`a*sit"ic</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*phon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pert.
to a microphone; serving to intensify weak sounds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"cro*seism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Micro-</i> +
Gr. &?; an earthquake, fr. &?; to shake.] <def>A feeble earth tremor
not directly perceptible, but detected only by means of specially
constructed apparatus.</def> -- <wf>Mi`cro*seis"mic</wf> (#),
<wf>*seis"mic*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*seis"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Microseiem</i> + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>A microseismometer; specif.,
a microseismometer producing a graphic record.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*seis*mol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Microseiem</i> + <i>-logy</i>.] <def>Science or study of
microseisms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi`cro*seis*mom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Microseism</i> + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>A seismometer for measuring
amplitudes or periods, or both, of microseisms.</def> --
<wf>Mi`cro*seis*mom"e*try</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mi`cro*tom"ic</hw> (?), <hw>Mi`cro*tom"ic*al</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pert. to the microtome or microtomy;
cutting thin slices.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mid"gard</hw> (m&ibreve;d"g&auml;rd), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
Also <hw>Mid"garth</hw> (-g&auml;r&thlig;), <hw>||Mith"garthr</hw>
(<i>Icel.</i> m&esl;&thlig;"g&auml;r&thlig;r') }. [Icel.
<i>mi&eth;gar&eth;r</i>.] <i>(Teut. Myth.)</i> <def>The middle space
or region between heaven and hell, the abode of human beings; the
earth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mid"night` sun</hw>. <def>The sun shining at midnight in the
arctic or antarctic summer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*la"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. English.]
<def>Lit., my lady; hence (as used on the Continent), an English
noblewoman or gentlewoman.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`lieu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>mi</i>
middle (L. <i>medius</i>) + <i>lieu</i> place. See <u>Demi-</u>,
<u>Lieu</u>.] <def>Environment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The intellectual and moral <i>milieu</i> created by
multitudes of self-centered, cultivated personalities.</blockquote>
<i>J. A. Symonds.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>It is one of the great outstanding facts of his
progressive relation to the elements of his social
<i>milieu</i>.</blockquote>  <i>J. M. Baldwin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Milk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To draw or to yield milk.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To give off small gas
bubbles during the final part of the charging operation; -- said of a
storage battery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Milk sickness</hw>. <i>(Veter.)</i> <def>A peculiar malignant
disease, occurring in parts of the western United States, and
affecting certain kinds of farm stock (esp. cows), and persons using
the meat or dairy products of infected cattle. Its chief symptoms in
man are uncontrollable vomiting, obstinate constipation, pain, and
muscular tremors. Its origin in cattle has been variously ascribed to
the presence of certain plants in their food, and to polluted
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mill</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To undergo hulling, as maize.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To move in a circle, as cattle upon a
plain.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The deer and the pig and the nilghar were
<i>milling</i> round and round in a circle of eight or ten miles
radius.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To swim suddenly in a new direction; --
said of whales.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>To take part in a mill; to box.</def>
[Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Mill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Short
for <u>Treadmill</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The raised or ridged edge or surface made
in milling anything, as a coin or screw.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mill</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>To fill (a winze or interior incline) with broken
ore, to be drawn out at the bottom.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To cause to mill, or circle round, as
cattle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mil"li*mi`cron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Milli-</i> +
<i>micron</i>.] <def>The thousandish part of a micron or the millionth
part of a millimeter; -- a unit of length used in measuring light
waves, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*lord"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. (also It., Sp.,
Russ.), fr. E. <i>my lord</i>.] <def>Lit., my lord; hence (as used on
the Continent), an English nobleman or gentleman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"er*al*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To charge or
impregnate with ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Min"i*mal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or having a character of, a minim or minimum; least; smallest; as,
a <i>minimal</i> amount or value.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`no*rat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. Cf.
<u>Minor</u>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A custom or
right, analogous to borough-English in England, formerly existing in
various parts of Europe, and surviving in parts of Germany and
Austria, by which certain entailed estates, as a homestead and
adjacent land, descend to the youngest male heir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mint sauce</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A sauce of vinegar and
sugar flavored with spearmint leaves.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Money.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Min*yan"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Jewish Relig.)</i>
<def>A quorum, or number necessary, for conducting public
worship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mir"li*ton</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A kind of
musical toy into which one sings, hums, or speaks, producing a coarse,
reedy sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Trilby singing "Ben Bolt" into a <i>mirliton</i> was a
thing to be remembered, whether one would or no!</blockquote>  <i>Du
Maurier.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mir"ror*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Mirror</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <def>See <u>Projector</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mir"ya*chit`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>myriachit</i>.] [Yakoot <i>merj&auml;k</i> epileptic, fr.
<i>imerek</i> jerk, rage.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A nervous disease in
which the patient involuntarily imitates the words or action of
another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi"tis cast`ing</hw> (?). [Perh. fr. L. <i>mitis</i> mild.]
<def>A process, invented by P. Ostberg, for producing malleable iron
castings by melting wrought iron, to which from 0.05 to 0.1 per cent
of aluminium is added to lower the melting point, usually in a
petroleum furnace, keeping the molten metal at the bubbling point
until it becomes quiet, and then pouring the molten metal into a mold
lined with a special mixture consisting essentially of molasses and
ground burnt fire clay; also, a casting made by this process; --
called also <i>wrought-iron casting</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mitis metal</hw>. <def>The malleable iron produced by mitis
casting; -- called also simply <i>mitis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mi*tot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Of
or pertaining to mitosis; karyokinetic; as, <i>mitotic</i> cell
division; -- opposed to <i>amitotic</i>.</def> --
<wf>Mi*tot"ic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Mi`tra`illeur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
mitralleuse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mix"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who has social
intercourse with others of many sorts; a person viewed as to his
casual sociability; -- commonly used with some characterizing
adjective; as, a good <i>mixer</i>; a bad <i>mixer</i>.</def> [Colloq.
or Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo"ab*ite stone</hw> (?). <i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <def>A block
of black basalt, found at Dibon in Moab by Rev. F. A. Klein, Aug. 19,
1868, which bears an inscription of thirty-four lines, dating from the
9th century <u>b. c.</u>, and written in the Moabite alphabet, the
oldest Ph&oelig;nician type of the Semitic alphabet. It records the
victories of Mesha, king of <i>Moab</i>, esp. those over Israel (<i>2
Kings iii. 4, 5, 27</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ern*ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Certain methods and
tendencies which, in Biblical questions, apologetics, and the theory
of dogma, in the endeavor to reconcile the doctrines of the Roman
Catholic Church with the conclusions of modern science, replace the
authority of the church by purely subjective criteria; -- so called
officially by Pope Pius X.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mod"ern*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An advocate of the
teaching of modern subjects, as modern languages, in preference to the
ancient classics.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1996 !></p>

<p><hw>||Mo`diste"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Mode</u>;
cf. <u>Modist</u>.] <def>One, esp. woman, who makes, or deals in,
articles of fashion, esp. of the fashionable dress of ladies; a dress-
maker or milliner.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo"dus vi*ven"di</hw> (?). [L.] <def>Mode, or manner, of
living; hence, a temporary arrangement of affairs until disputed
matters can be settled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mog</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mogged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mogging</u>.] [Etym. unknown.] <def>To move away; to go off.</def>
[Prov. Eng. or Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mo*gul"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A great personage;
magnate; autocrat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ham"med*an cal"en*dar</hw>. <def>A lunar calendar reckoning
from the year of the hegira, 622 <u>a. d.</u> Thirty of its years
constitute a cycle, of which the 2d, 5th, 7th, 10th, 13th, 16th, 18th,
21st, 24th, 26th, and 29th are leap years, having 355 days; the others
are common, having 354 days.</def> By the following tables any
Mohammedan date may be changed into the Christian date, or vice versa,
for the years 1900-1935 <u>a. d.</u></p>

<p>
<u>Months of the Mohammedan year</u>.</p>

<p> 1 <ct>Muharram</ct> . . . .. 30
 2 <ct>Safar</ct> . . . . . . .. 29
 3 <ct>Rabia I</ct> . . . . . . 30
 4 <ct>Rabia II</ct> . . . .. 29
 5 <ct>Jumada I</ct> . . . .. 30
 6 <ct>Jumada II</ct> . . . . 29
 7 <ct>Rajab</ct> . . . . . . .. 30
 8 <ct>Shaban</ct> . . . . . . . 29
 9 <ct>Ramadan</ct> . . . . . . 30
10 <ct>Shawwal</ct> . . . . . . 29
11 <ct>Zu'lkadah</ct> . . . . 30
12 <ct>Zu'lhijjah</ct> . . . 29*
* in leap year, 30 days</p>

<p><u>a. h.</u> <u>a. d.</u> <u>a. h.</u>    <u>a. d.</u></p>

<p>1317  begins May 12, 1899      1336* begins Oct.17, 1917
1318         May  1, 1900      1337         Oct. 7, 1918
1319*        Apr.20, 1901      1338*        Sept.26,1919
1320         Apr.10, 1902      1339         Sept.15,1920
1321+        Mar.30, 1903      1340         Sept.4, 1921
1322*        Mar.18, 1904      1341*        Aug.24, 1922
1323         Mar. 8, 1905      1342         Aug.14, 1923
1324         Feb.25, 1906      1343         Aug. 2, 1924
1325*        Feb.14, 1907      1344*        July 22,1925
1326         Feb. 4, 1908      1345         July 12,1926
1327*        Jan.23, 1909      1346*        July 1, 1927
1328         Jan.13, 1910      1347         June 20,1928
1329         Jan. 2, 1911      1348         June 9, 1929
1330*        Dec.22, 1911      1349*        May 29, 1930
1331         Dec.11, 1912      1350         May 19, 1931
1332         Nov.30, 1913      1351++       May  7, 1932
1333*        Nov.19, 1914      1352*        Apr.26, 1933
1334         Nov. 9, 1915      1353         Apr.16, 1934
1335         Oct.28, 1916      1354         Apr. 5, 1935
* Leap year  + First year of the 45th cycle
++ First year of the 46th cycle</p>

<p>The following general rule for finding the date of commencement of
any Mohammedan year has a maximum error of a day: Multiply 970,224 by
the Mohammedan year, point off six decimal places, and add 621.5774.
The whole number will be the year <u>a. d.</u>, and the decimal
multiplied by 365 will give the day of the year.</p>

<p><hw>Mohammedan Era</hw>. <def>The era in use in Mohammedan
countries. See <u>Mohammedan year</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mohammedan year</hw>. <def>The year used by Mohammedans,
consisting of twelve lunar months without intercalation, so that they
retrograde through all the seasons in about 32&frac12; years. The
Mohammedan era begins with the year 622 <u>a</u>.<u>d</u>., the first
day of the Mohammedan year 1332 begin Nov. 30, 1913, acording to the
Gregorian calendar.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Moi`r&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p.p. of
<i>moirer</i> to water (silk, etc.). See <u>Moire</u>.] <def>Watered;
having a watered or clouded appearance; -- as of silk or
metals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Moi`r&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A watered, clouded, or frosted appearance on
textile fabrics or metallic surfaces.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Erroneously, moire, the fabric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moi*r&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Moir&eacute;ed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Moir&eacute;eing</u> (?).] Also <hw>Moire</hw>. [F.
<i>moir&eacute;</i>.] <def>To give a watered or clouded appearance to
(a surface).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*jar"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>Any of
certain basslike marine fishes (mostly of tropical seas, and having a
deep, compressed body, protracile mouth, and large silvery scales)
constituting the family <i>Gerrid&aelig;</i>, as <i>Gerres
plumieri</i>, found from Florida to Brazil and used as food. Also, any
of numerous other fishes of similar appearance but belonging to other
families.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
stupid person; a dolt; a donkey.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A negro.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Theat. Slang)</i> [More fully <i>musical
moke</i>.] <def>A performer, as a minstrel, who plays on several
instruments.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mol`o*ka"ne</hw> (?), <hw>Mol`o*ka"ny</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>molokane</i>.] <def>See
<u>Raskolnik</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap.] <i>(Japan)</i>
<def>The badge of a family, esp. of a family of the ancient feudal
nobility. The most frequent form of the mon is circular, and it
commonly consists of conventionalized forms from nature, flowers,
birds, insects, the lightnings, the waves of the sea, or of
geometrical symbolic figures; color is only a secondary character. It
appears on lacquer and pottery, and embroidered on, or woven in,
fabrics. The imperial chrysanthemum, the mon of the reigning family,
is used as a national emblem. Formerly the mon of the shoguns of the
Tokugawa family was so used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"goose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Mongooses</b></plw> (#). [Tamil <i>manegos</i>.] <def>A
Madagascan lemur (<i>Lemur mongos</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo*nil`i*a"les</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
L. <i>monile</i> necklace, -- because the conidia are produced in
chains.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The largest of the three orders into which
the Fungi Imperfecti are divided, including various forms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The doctrine that
the universe is an organized unitary being or total self-inclusive
structure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Monism</i> means that the whole of reality, i.e.,
everything that is, constitutes one inseparable and indivisible
entirety. <i>Monism</i> accordingly is a unitary conception of the
world. It always bears in mind that our words are abstracts
representing parts or features of the One and All, and not separate
existences. Not only are matter and mind, soul and body, abstracts,
but also such scientific terms as atoms and molecules, and also
religious terms such as God and world.</blockquote>  <i>Paul
Carus.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mon"i*tor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A monitor
nozzle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Monitor nozzle</hw>. <def>A nozzle capable of turning
completely round in a horizontal plane and having a limited play in a
vertical plane, used in hydraulic mining, fire-extinguishing
apparatus, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mon`o*sac"cha*ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>-
rid</hw>  }. [<i>Mono-</i> + <i>saccharide</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
simple sugar; any of a number of sugars (including the trioses,
tetroses, pentoses, hexoses, etc.), not decomposable into simpler
sugars by hydrolysis. Specif., as used by some, a hexose. The
monosaccharides are all open-chain compounds containing hydroxyl
groups and either an aldehyde group or a ketone group.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"o*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Mono-</i> + <i>-
type</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The only
representative of its group, as a single species constituting a
genus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A print (but one impression can be taken)
made by painting on metal and then transferring the painting to paper
by pressure; also, the process of making such prints.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of typesetting and casting machine
that makes and sets individual types.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mon"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In Spanish
America, a wood; forest; timber land; esp., in parts of South America,
a comparatively wooden region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon*teith"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of cotton
handkerchief having a uniform colored ground with a regular pattern of
white spots produced by discharging the color; -- so called from the
Glasgow manufactures.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Monte"-jus"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>monter</i> to bring up + <i>jus</i> juice.] <def>An apparatus for
raising a liquid by pressure of air or steam in a reservoir containing
the liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon`tes*so"ri Meth"od</hw> (?). <i>(Pedagogy)</i> <def>A system
of training and instruction, primarily for use with normal children
aged from three to six years, devised by Dr. Maria Montessori while
teaching in the "Houses of Childhood" (schools in the poorest tenement
districts of Rome, Italy), and first fully described by her in 1909.
Leading features are freedom for physical activity (no stationary
desks and chairs), informal and individual instruction, the very early
development of writing, and an extended sensory and motor training
(with special emphasis on vision, touch, perception of movement, and
their interconnections), mediated by a patented, standardized system
of "didactic apparatus," which is declared to be "auto-regulative."
Most of the chief features of the method are borrowed from current
methods used in many institutions for training feeble-minded children,
and dating back especially to the work of the French-American
physician Edouard O. Seguin (1812-80).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mon"tre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., show, show case,
organ case.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Organ Building)</i> <def>A stop,
usually the open diapason, having its pipes "shown" as part of the
organ case, or otherwise specially mounted.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A hole in the wall of a pottery kiln, by
which the state of the pieces within can be judged.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moon"light`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
follows an occupation or pastime by moonlight;</def> as:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A moonshiner.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>In Ireland, one of a band that engaged in agrarian outrages by
night.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A serenader by moonlight.</def>
[Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Moon"shine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Liquor smuggled
or illicitly distilled.</def> [Dial. Eng., &amp; Colloq. or Slang, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Moon"shine`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Empty; trivial; idle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Designating, or pertaining to, illicit
liquor; as, <i>moonshine</i> whisky.</def> [Dial. Eng., &amp; Colloq. or
Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Moon"shin`ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Illicit
distilling.</def> [Slang or Colloq., U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Moose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of the
Progressive Party; a Bull Moose.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>||Mor`a*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Moratory</u>.] <i>(Law)</i> <def>A period during which an obligor
has a legal right to delay meeting an obligation, esp. such a period
granted, as to a bank, by a moratory law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"a*to*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>moratorius</i> delaying, fr. <i>morari</i> to delay.] <def>Of or
pertaining to delay; esp., designating a law passed, as in a time of
financial panic, to postpone or delay for a period the time at which
notes, bills of exchange, and other obligations, shall mature or
become due.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo"res</hw> (m&omacr;"r&emacr;z), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>;
<i>sing.</i> <singw><b>Mos</b></singw> (m&omacr;s). [L.] <def>Customs;
habits; esp., customs conformity to which is more or less obligatory;
customary law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>One of a celebrated breed of American trotting horses; -- so
called from the name of the stud from which the breed originated in
Vermont.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"mon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>A member
of a sect, called the Reorganized Church of Jesus of Latterday Saints,
which has always rejected polygamy. It was organized in 1852, and is
represented in about forty States and Territories of the United
States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Pedagogy)</i> <def>A
person whose intellectual development proceeds normally up to about
the eighth year of age and is then arrested so that there is little or
no further development.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo*ron"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>Sp. pl.</i>
<plw><b>Morones</b></plw> (#). [Sp.] <def>An inferior olive size
having a woody pulp and a large clingstone pit, growing in the
mountainous and high-valley districts around the city of Moron, in
Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ros</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; <i>sing.</i>
<singw><b>Moro</b></singw> (&?;). [Sp., pl. of <i>Moro</i> Moor.]
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>The Mohammedan tribes of the southern Philippine
Islands, said to have formerly migrated from Borneo. Some of them are
warlike and addicted to piracy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mor"ris-chair`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. the
proper name <i>Morris</i>.] <def>A kind of easy-chair with a back
which may be lowered or raised.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mor"ro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., any spherical
object.] <def>A round hill or point of land; hence, <col><b>Morro
castle</b></col>, a castle on a hill.</def></p>

<p><hw>Morse" code"</hw> (?). <i>(Teleg.)</i> <def>The telegraphic
code, consisting of dots, dashes, and spaces, invented by Samuel B.
<i>Morse</i>. The Alphabetic code which is in use in North America is
given below. In length, or duration, one dash is theoretically equal
to three dots; the space between the elements of a letter is equal to
one dot; the interval in spaced letters, as O . ., is equal to three
dots. There are no spaces in any letter composed wholly or in part of
dashes.</def></p>

<p><u>Alphabet</u>
<pre>
A .-          H ....       O . .          V ...-</p>

<p>B - . . .     I ..         P .....        W .--</p>

<p>C .. .        J -.-.       Q ..-.         X .-..</p>

<p>D -..         K -.-        R . ..         Y .. ..</p>

<p>E .           L &mdash;    S ...          Z ... .</p>

<p>F .-.         M --         T --           &amp; . ...</p>

<p>G --.         N -.         U ..-</p>

<p><u>Numerals</u></p>

<p>1 .--.        4 . . . .-          7 --..</p>

<p>2 ..-..       5 ---               8 - . . . .</p>

<p>3 . . . -.    6 . . . . . .       9 -..-</p>

<p>0 ----     Period ..--..   Comma .-.-</p>

<p>The International (Morse) code used elsewhere is the same as the
above with the following exceptions.</p>

<p>C -.-.     L .-..     Q --.-     Y -.--</p>

<p>F ..-.     O ---      R .-.      Z --..</p>

<p>J .---     P .--.     X -..-
</pre>
The Morse code is used chiefly with the electric telegraph, but is
also employed in signalling with flags, lights, etc.
</p>

<p><hw>Mort</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>mort</i> dummy,
lit., dead.] <def>A variety of dummy whist for three players; also,
the exposed or dummy hand in this game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mos</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
<def><pos><i>sing.</i></pos> of <u>Mores</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"sey</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Perh. fr.
<u>Vamose</u>.] <def>To go, or move (in a certain manner); -- usually
with <i>out</i>, <i>off</i>, <i>along</i>, etc.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>E.
N. Wescott.</i></p>

<p><hw>Most</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Most-favored-
nation clause</b></col> <i>(Diplomacy)</i>, <cd>a clause, often
inserted in treaties, by which each of the contracting nations binds
itself to grant to the other in certain stipulated matters the same
terms as are then, or may be thereafter, granted to the nation which
receives from it the most favorable terms in respect of those
matters.</cd></p>

<p><blockquote>There was a "<i>most-favored-nation</i>" <i>clause</i>
with provisions for the good treatment of strangers entering the
Republic.</blockquote>  <i>James Bryce.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Steam navigation was secured by the Japanese as far as
Chungking, and under the <i>most-favored-nation clause</i> the right
accrued to us.</blockquote>  <i>A. R. Colquhoun.</i></p>

<p><hw>Moth"er's Day</hw>. <def>A day appointed for the honor and
uplift of motherhood by the loving remembrance of each person of his
mother through the performance of some act of kindness, visit,
tribute, or letter. The founder of the day is Anna Jarvis, of
Philadelphia, who designated the second Sunday in May, or for schools
the second Friday, as the time, and a white carnation as the
badge.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mo`tif"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In literature and the fine arts, a salient
feature or element of a composition or work; esp., the theme, or
central or dominant feature; specif. <i>(Music)</i>, a
motive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This <i>motif</i>, of old things lost, is a favorite
one for the serious ballade.</blockquote>  <i>R. M. Alden.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The design . . . is . . . based on the peacock -- a
<i>motif</i> favored by decorative artists of all ages.</blockquote>
<i>R. D. Benn.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Dressmaking)</i> <def>A decorative
appliqu&eacute; design or figure, as of lace or velvet, used in
trimming.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Motive</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Exhibiting, or capable of,
spontaneous movement; as, <i>motile</i> cilia, <i>motile</i> spores,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Producing motion; as, <i>motile</i>
powers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tile</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Psychol.)</i> <def>A
person whose prevailing mental imagery takes the form of inner
feelings of action, such as incipient pronunciation of words, muscular
innervations, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tion pic"ture</hw>. <def>A moving picture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"ti*vate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>-vated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>-vating</u> (?).] [From <u>Motive</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<def>To provide with a motive; to move; impel; induce; incite.</def> -
- <wf>Mo`ti*va"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <i>William
James.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mo"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>movere</i>,
<i>motum</i>, to move + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A device
utilized in the making of a loud-speaking telephone, depending on the
fact that the friction between a metallic point and a moving cylinder
of moistened chalk, or a moving slip of paper, on which it rests is
diminished by the passage of a current between the point and the
moving surface.</def> -- <wf>Mo`to*graph"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A motor car; an
automobile.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Motor car</hw>, or <hw>Mo"tor*car`</hw> },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An automobile,
locomobile, or locomotive designed to run and be steered on a street
or roadway; esp., an automobile specially designed for
passengers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Elec. Railroads)</i> <def>Any car
containing motors for propulsion.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Motor cycle</hw>, or <hw>Mo"tor*cy`cle</hw> },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bicycle having a motor attached so as to
be self-propelled. In Great Britain the term <i>motor cycle</i> is
treated by statute (<i>3 Ed VII. c. 36</i>) as limited to motor cars
(self-propelled vehicles) designed to travel on not more than three
wheels, and weighing unladen (that is, without water, fuel, or
accumulators necessary for propulsion) not more than three hundred
weight (336 lbs.).</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo`tor-driv`en</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>Driven or actuated by a motor, esp. by an individual electric
motor. An electric motor forms an integral part of many machine tools
in numerous modern machine shops.</def></p>

<p><hw>Motor generator</hw>. <def>The combination consisting of a
generator and a driving motor mechanically connected, usually on a
common bedplate and with the two shafts directly coupled or combined
into a single shaft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tor*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act or
recreation of riding in or driving a motor car or
automobile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tor*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining to motor
cars or automobiles, or to the technology of such; addicted to riding
in or driving automobiles; as, <i>motoring</i> parlance; my
<i>motoring</i> friend.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mo"tor*ize</hw> (m&omacr;"t&etilde;r*&imacr;z), <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>  [<i>Motor</i> + <i>-ize</i>.] <def>To substitute motor-
driven vehicles, or automobiles, for the horses and horse-drawn
vehicles of (a fire department, city, etc.).</def> --
<wf>Mo`tor*i*za"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 1997 !></p>

<p><hw>Mount</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Palmistry)</i> <def>Any
one of seven fleshy prominences in the palm of the hand which are
taken as significant of the influence of "planets," and called the
<i>mounts</i> of Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, the Moon, Saturn, the Sun or
Apollo, and Venus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moun"tain spec"ter</hw>. <def>An optical phenomenon sometimes
seen on the summit of mountains (as on the Brocken) when the observer
is between the sun and a mass of cloud. The figures of the observer
and surrounding objects are seen projected on the cloud, greatly
enlarged and often encircled by rainbow colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Moun"tain State</hw>. <def>Montana; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mount"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>= <u>Carriage</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mous`que*taire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A musketeer, esp. one of the French royal
musketeers of the 17th and 18th centuries, conspicuous both for their
daring and their fine dress.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A mosquetaire cuff or glove, or other
article of dress fancied to resemble those worn by the French
mosquetaires.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mousquetaire cuff</hw>. <def>A deep flaring cuff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mousquetaire glove</hw>. <def>A woman's glove with a long,
loosely fitting wrist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mousse</hw> (m&oomac;s), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A frozen dessert of a frothy texture, made of
sweetened and flavored whipped cream, sometimes with the addition of
egg yolks and gelatin. Mousse differs from ice cream in being beaten
before -- not during -- the freezing process.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Mousse`line de soie"</hw> (?). [F.] <def>A soft thin silk
fabric with a weave like that of muslin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mov"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A moving picture or
a moving picture show; -- commonly used in <i>pl.</i></def> [Slang or
Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Moving picture</hw>. <def>A series of pictures, usually
photographs taken with a special machine, presented to the eye in very
rapid succession, with some or all of the objects in the picture
represented in slightly changed positions, producing, by persistence
of vision, the optical effect of a continuous picture in which the
objects move in some manner, as that of some original scene. The usual
form of moving pictures is that produced by the
cinematograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muck rake</hw>. <def>A rake for scraping up muck or dung. See
<u>Muckrake</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Muck"rake`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>-raked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>-raking</u> (?).] <def>To seek for, expose, or charge, esp.
habitually, corruption, real or alleged, on the part of public men and
corporations. On April 14, 1906, President Roosevelt delivered a
speech on "The Man with the Muck Rake," in which he deprecated
sweeping and unjust charges of corruption against public men and
corporations. The phrase was taken up by the press, and the verb to
<hw>muck"rake`</hw>, in the above sense, and the noun
<hw>muck"rak`er</hw> (&?;), to designate one so engaged, were speedily
coined and obtained wide currency. The original allusion was to a
character in Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress" so intent on raking up muck
that he could not see a celestial crown held above him.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"coid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Muc</i>in + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>One of a class of mucinlike
substances yielding on decomposition a reducing carbohydrate together
with some form of proteid matter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mud"sill`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Fig.: A person of the
lowest stratum of society; -- a term of opprobrium or contempt.</def>
[Southern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Muf"fler</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Any of
various devices to deaden the noise of escaping gases or vapors, as a
tube filled with obstructions, through which the exhaust gases of an
internal-combustion engine, as on an automobile, are passed (called
also <i>silencer</i>).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Mug"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>Mug"gar</hw>,
<hw>Mug"gur</hw> }. [Hind. <i>magar</i>, fr. Skr. <i>makara</i> sea
monster.] <def>The common crocodile (<i>Crocodilus palustris</i>) of
India, the East Indies, etc. It becomes twelve feet or more
long.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mug"gins</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etym. unknown.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A game of dominoes in which the object is to
make the sum of the two ends of the line some multiple of
five.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A game at cards which depends upon
building in suits or matching exposed cards, the object being to get
rid of one's cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mug"gins</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>In certain games,
to score against, or take an advantage over (an opponent), as for an
error, announcing the act by saying "muggins."</def></p>

<p><hw>Mule killer</hw>. <def>Any of several arthropods erroneously
supposed to kill live stock, in the southern United States, by
stinging or by being swallowed;</def> as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
whip scorpion.</def> [Florida] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A walking-
stick insect.</def> [Texas] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A mantis.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A wheel bug.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Multi-</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>A combined rotary type-setting and printing
machine for office use. The type is transferred semi-automatically by
means of keys from a type-supply drum to a printing drum. The printing
may be done by means of an inked ribbon to print "typewritten"
letters, or directly from inked type or a stereotype plate, as in a
printing press.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*phase</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Multi-</i> +
<i>phase</i>.] <def>Having many phases;</def> specif. <i>(Elec.)</i>,
<def>pertaining to, or designating, a generator producing, or any
system conveying or utilizing, two or more waves of pressure, or
electromotive force, not in phase with each other;
polyphase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*plane</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having several
or many planes or plane surfaces; as, a <i>multiplane</i>
kite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul"ti*plane</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Multi-</i> +
<i>plane</i>.] <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>An a&euml;roplane with
three or more superposed main planes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mul`ti*po"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Multi-</i> +
<i>polar</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Having many poles; in
<i>Anat.</i>, designating specif. a nerve cell which has several
dendrites.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Having, or pertaining to,
many poles, as a field magnet or armature of a dynamo, or a dynamo
having such a field magnet or (sometimes) armature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mum"bo Jum"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. fr. the
native name of an African god.] <def>Among the Mandingos of the
western Sudan, a bugbear by means of which the women are terrified and
disciplined by societies of the men, one of whom assumes a masquerade
for the purpose; hence, loosely, any Negro idol, fetish, or
bugaboo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mun"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A material of short
fiber and inferior quality obtained by deviling woolen rags or the
remnants of woolen goods, specif. those of felted, milled, or hard-
spun woolen cloth, as distinguished from <i>shoddy</i>, or the deviled
product of loose-textured woolen goods or worsted, -- a distinction
often disregarded.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*nic"i*pal*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<i>Municipal</i> + <i>-ize</i>.] <def>To bring under municipal
oversight or control; as, a <i>municipalized</i> industry.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>London people are now determined to centralize and to
<i>municipalize</i> such services.</blockquote>  <i>The
Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Mus"cle read`ing</hw>. <def>The art of making discriminations
between objects of choice, of discovering the whereabouts of hidden
objects, etc., by inference from the involuntary movements of one
whose hand the reader holds or with whom he is otherwise in muscular
contact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mush</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. short for <i>mush
on</i>, a corrupt of E. <i>marchons</i>, the cry of the voyageurs and
coureurs de bois to their dogs.] <def>A march on foot, esp. across the
snow with dogs; as, he had a long <i>mush</i> before him; -- also used
attributively.</def> [Colloq., Alaska &amp; Northwestern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mush</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Mushed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Mushing</u>.] <def>To travel on foot, esp. across the snow with
dogs.</def> -- <pos><i>v. t. </i></pos> <def>To cause to travel or
journey.</def> [Rare] [Colloq., Alaska &amp; Northwestern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Mush</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To notch, cut, or
indent, as cloth, with a stamp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"sic dra`ma</hw>. <def>An opera in which the text and action
are not interrupted by set arias, duets, etc., the music being
determined throughout by dramatic appropriateness; musical drama of
this character, in general. It involves the use of a kind of melodious
declamation, the development of leitmotif, great orchestral
elaboration, and a fusion of poetry, music, action, and scene into an
organic whole. The term is applied esp. to the later works of Wagner:
"Tristan und Isolde," "Die Meistersinger," "Rheingold,"
"Walk&uuml;re," "Siegfried," "G&ouml;tterd&auml;mmerung," and
"Parsifal."</def></p>

<p><hw>Music hall</hw>. <def>A place for public musical
entertainments; specif. (Eng.), esp. a public hall for vaudeville
performances, in which smoking and drinking are usually allowed in the
auditorium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Must</hw> (m&ubreve;st), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>mast</i> intoxicated, ruttish, fr. Skr. <i>matta</i>, p.p. of
<i>mad</i> to rejoice, intoxicate.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Being in
a condition of dangerous frenzy, usually connected with sexual
excitement; -- said of adult male elephants which become so at
irregular intervals.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The condition of frenzy.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An elephant in must.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mus`tah"fiz`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. &amp; Ar.
<i>musta&hsdot;fi&zsdot;</i> who trusts to another's keeping, a
soldier of a garrison.] <def>See <u>Army organization</u>,
above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*ta"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Gradual definitely tending variation, such as may
be observed in a group of organisms in the fossils of successive
geological levels.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Biol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>As now
employed (first by de Vries), a sudden variation (the offspring
differing from its parents in some well-marked character or
characters) as distinguished from a gradual variation in which the new
characters become fully developed only in the course of many
generations. The occurrence of mutations, and the hereditary
transmission, under some conditions, of the characters so appearing,
are well-established facts; whether the process has played an
important part in the evolution of the existing species and other
groups of organisms is a disputed question.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The result of the above process; a suddenly produced
variation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*tes`sa*rif"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. &amp; Ar.
<i>mute&ccedil;arif</i> freely disposing of anything, master.] <def>In
Turkey, an administrative authority of any of certain sanjaks. They
are appointed directly by the Sultan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu*tes`sa*ri*fat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. &amp; Ar.
<i>mute&ccedil;arifah</i> office of a mutessarif.] <def>In Turkey, a
sanjak whose head is a mutessarif.</def></p>

<p><hw>Mu"to*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>mutare</i> to
change + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>A simple form of moving-picture machine
in which the series of views, exhibiting the successive phases of a
scene, are printed on paper and mounted around the periphery of a
wheel. The rotation of the wheel brings them rapidly into sight, one
after another, and the blended effect gives a semblance of
motion.</def></p>

<p><hw>||My*ce`to*zo"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr.
&?;, &?;, fungus + &?; pl. of &?; an animal.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The Myxomycetes; -- so called by those who regard them as a class
of animals.</def> -- <wf>My*ce`to*zo"an</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>My"kiss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>muikize</i>,
prob. fr. a native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A salmon (<i>Salmo
mykiss</i>, syn. <i>S. purpuratus</i>) marked with black spots and a
red throat, found in most of the rivers from Alaska to the Colorado
River, and in Siberia; -- called also <i>black-spotted trout</i>,
<i>cutthroat trout</i>, and <i>redthroat trout</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Myr"me*co*phyte`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>my`rmhx</grk>, <grk>my`rmhkos</grk>, ant + <grk>fyto`n</grk>
plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant that affords shelter and food to
certain species of ants which live in symbiotic relations with it.
Special adaptations for this purpose exist; thus, <i>Acacia
spadicigera</i> has large hollows thorns, and species of
<i>Cecropia</i> have stem cavities.</def> --
<wf>Myr`me*co*phyt"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Myx`&oelig;*de"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. fr. Gr.
&?; mucus + <i>&oelig;dema</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A disease
producing a peculiar cretinoid appearance of the face, slow speech,
and dullness of intellect, and due to failure of the functions of the
thyroid gland.</def> -- <wf>Myx`&oelig;*dem"a*tous</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <wf>Myx`&oelig;*dem"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Myx`o*my*ce"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr.
&?; mucus, slime + <i>myceles</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A class of
peculiar organisms, the slime molds, formerly regarded as animals
(Mycetozoa), but now generally thought to be plants and often
separated as a distinct phylum (Myxophyta). They are found on damp
earth and decaying vegetable matter, and consist of naked masses of
protoplasm, often of considerable size, which creep very slowly  over
the surface and ingest solid food.</def> -- <wf>Myx`o*my*ce"tous</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Myx*oph"y*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr. &?;
mucus, slime + &?; plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A phylum of the
vegetable kingdom consisting of the class Myxomycetes. By some
botanists it is not separated from the Thallophyta.</def></p>

<p><point26>N.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Na*celle"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A small boat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The basket suspended from a balloon;
hence, the framework forming the body of a dirigible balloon, and
containing the machinery, passengers, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A boatlike, inclosed body of an
a&euml;roplane.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Na`cr&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Nacre</u>.] <i>(Art)</i> <def>Having the peculiar iridescence of
nacre, or mother-of-pearl, or an iridescence resembling it; as,
<i>nacr&eacute;</i> ware.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na*ga"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. native name.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The disease caused by the tsetse fly.</def> [South
Africa]</p>

<p><hw>Na"nism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; + <i>-ism</i>:
cf. F. <i>nanisme</i>.] <def>The condition of being abnormally small
in stature; dwarfishness; -- opposed to <i>gigantism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nap</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Napoleon</u>, 1, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na*po"le*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Card Playing)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A game in which each
player holds five cards, the eldest hand stating the number of tricks
he will bid to take, any subsequent player having the right to overbid
him or a previous bidder, the highest bidder naming the trump and
winning a number of points equal to his bid if he makes so many
tricks, or losing the same number of points if he fails to make
them.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A bid to take five tricks at
napoleon. It is ordinarily the highest bid; but sometimes bids are
allowed of <i>wellington</i>, or of <i>blucher</i>, to take five
tricks, or pay double, or treble, if unsuccessful.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A Napoleon gun.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of top boot of the middle of the
19th century.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>A shape and size of cigar. It is about
seven inches long.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na*tal" boil</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>= <u>Aleppo
boil</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Na`ti*o*nal"rath`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.]
<i>(Switzerland)</i> <def>See <u>Legislature</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"tive steel</hw>. <def>A sort of steel which has been found
where a burning coal seam had reduced and carbonized adjacent iron
ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nat"u*ral*ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The theory that art or literature should conform to nature;
realism; also, the quality, rendering, or expression of art or
literature executed according to this theory.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Specif., the principles and
characteristics professed or represented by a 19th-century school of
realistic writers, notably by Zola and Maupassant, who aimed to give a
literal transcription of reality, and laid special stress on the
analytic study of character, and on the scientific and experimental
nature of their observation of life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nat"u*ral steel</hw>. <def>Steel made by the direct refining of
cast iron in a finery, or, as wootz, by a direct process from the
ore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nau"heim treat`ment</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Orig., a
method of therapeutic treatment administered, esp. for chronic
diseases of the curculatory system, at Bad Nauheim, Germany, by G.
Schott, consisting in baths in the natural mineral waters of that
place, which are charged with carbonic acid, and the use of a
graduated course of rest, physical exercises, massage, etc.; hence,
any similar treatment using waters artificially charged with the
essential ingredients of the natural mineral waters of Bad Nauheim.
Hence, <hw>Nauheim bath</hw>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"vel or"ange</hw>. <def>A type of orange in which the fruit
incloses a small secondary fruit, the rind showing on the exterior a
navel-like pit or depression at the apex. There are several varieties;
they are usually seedless, or nearly so, and are much grown in
California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na"vy blue`</hw>. <def>Prussian blue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Na*wab"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A rich, retired
Anglo-Indian; a nabob.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne*an"der*thal`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Anthropol.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or named from, the
Neanderthal, a valley in the Rhine Province, in which were found parts
of a skeleton of an early type of man. The skull is characterized by
extreme dolichocephaly, flat, retreating forehead, with closed frontal
sutures, and enormous superciliary ridges. The cranial capacity is
estimated at about 1,220 cubic centimeters, being about midway between
that of the <i>Pithecanthropus</i> and modern man. Hence, designating
the <hw>Neanderthal race, or man</hw>, a species supposed to have been
widespread in paleolithic Europe.</def></p>

<p><! p. 1998 !></p>

<p><hw>Ne*an`der*thal"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Neanderthal</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Anthropol.)</i> <def>Like, or
pertaining to, the Neanderthal skull, or the type of man it
represents.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ne`a*pol"i*tan ice</hw>, <hw>Neapolitan ice cream</hw> }.
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An ice or ice cream containing eggs as well
as cream.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An ice or ice cream prepared
in layers, as vanilla, strawberry, and chocolate ice cream, and orange
or lemon water ice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Near beer</hw>. <def>Any of various malt liquors (see
<i>Citation</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Near beer</i> is a term of common currency used to
designate all that class of malt liquors which contain so little
alcohol that they will not produce intoxication, though drunk to
excess, and includes in its meaning all malt liquors which are not
within the purview of the general prohibition law.</blockquote>
<i>Cambell v. City of Thomasville, Georgia Appeal Records, 6
212.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nec*rot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; dead
person + &?; to cut.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The dissection of dead
bodies; also, excision of necrosed bone.</def> --
<wf>Nec`ro*tom"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Nec*rot"o*mist</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ne'er"-do-well`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person
who never does, or fares, well; a good for nothing.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The idle and dissolute <i>ne'er-do-wells</i> of their
communities.</blockquote>  <i>Harper's Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ne"gro*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inferior
commercial variety of India rubber made up into round
masses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne"groid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Negro</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <def>A member of any one of several East African tribes
whose physical characters show an admixture with other
races.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*clas"sic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Neo-</i> +
<i>classic</i>.] <def>Belonging to, or designating, the modern revival
of classical, esp. Greco-Roman, taste and manner of work in
architecture, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neoclassic architecture</hw>. <def>All that architecture which,
since the beginning of the Italian Renaissance, about 1420, has been
designed with deliberate imitation of Greco-Roman buildings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*crit"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Neo-</i> +
<i>classicism</i>.] <def>The form of Neo-Kantianism developed by
French idealists, following C. Renouvier.  It rejects the noumena of
Kant, restricting knowledge to phenomena as constituted by a priori
categories.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-Dar"win*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The theory
which holds natural selection, as explained by Darwin, to be the chief
factor in the evolution of plants and animals, and denies the
inheritance of acquired characters; -- esp. opposed to <i>Neo-
Lamarckism</i>. Weismannism is an example of extreme Neo-
Darwinism.</def> -- <wf>Ne`o-Dar*win"i*an</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*dym"i*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See <u>Neo-
</u>, <u>Didymium</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A rare metallic element
occurring in combination with cerium, lanthanum, and other rare
metals, and forming amethyst-colored salts. It was separated in 1885
by von Welsbach from praseodymium, the two having previously been
regarded as a single element (didymium). It is chiefly trivalent.
Symbol Nd; at. wt. 144.3.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*gram*ma"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Neo-</i>
+ <i>grammarian</i>; a translation of G. <i>junggrammatiker</i>.]
<def>One of a group of philologists who apply phonetic laws more
widely and strictly than was formerly done, and who maintain that
these laws admit of no real exceptions.</def> --
<wf>Ne`o*gram*mat"ic*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-Greek"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of a body
of French painters (F. <i>les n&eacute;o-Grecs</i>) of the middle 19th
century. The term is rather one applied by outsiders to certain
artists of grave and refined style, such as Hamon and Aubert, than a
name adopted by the artists themselves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-He*bra"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pert. to, or
designating, modern Hebrew, or Hebrew of later date than the
Biblical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neo-Hebraic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The modern Hebrew
language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-He*ge"li*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Neo-Hegelianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neo-Hegelian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent of
Neo-Hegelianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-He*ge"li*an*ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
philosophy of a school of British and American idealists who follow
Hegel in dialectical or logical method and in the general outcome of
their doctrine. The founders and leaders of Neo-Hegelianism include:
in England, T. H. Green (1836-1882); in Scotland, J. (1820-98) and E.
(1835-1908) Caird; in the United States, W. T. Harris (1835-1909) and
Josiah Royce (1855- -).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-Hel*len"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Romaic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-Hel"len*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Hellenism
as surviving or revival in modern times; the practice or pursuit of
ancient Greek ideals in modern life, art, or literature, as in the
Renaissance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*im*pres"sion*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Painting)</i> <def>A theory or practice which is a further
development, on more rigorously scientific lines, of the theory and
practice of Impressionism, originated by George Seurat (1859-91), and
carried on by Paul Signac (1863- -) and others. Its method is marked
by the laying of pure primary colors in minute dots upon a white
ground, any given line being produced by a variation in the
proportionate quantity of the primary colors employed. This method is
also known as <i><hw>Pointillism</hw></i> (stippling).</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-Kant"i*an</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Neo-Kantianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Neo-Kantian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent of Neo-
Kantianism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-Kant"i*an*ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
philosophy of modern thinkers who follow Kant in his general theory of
knowledge, esp. of a group of German philosophers including F. A.
Lange, H. Cohen, Paul Natorp, and others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-La*marck"ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Lamarckism as revived, modified, and expounded by recent
biologists, esp. as maintaining that the offspring inherits characters
acquired by the parent from change of environment, use or disuse of
parts, etc.; -- opposed of <i>Neo-Darwinism</i> (which see,
above).</def> -- <wf>Ne`o-La*marck"i*an</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> &
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-Mal*thu"sian</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating,
or pertaining to, a group of modern economists who hold to the
Malthusianism doctrine that permanent betterment of the general
standard of living is impossible without decrease of competition by
limitation of the number of births.</def> -- <wf>Ne`o-
Mal*thu"sian</wf>, <wf>Ne`o-Mal*thu"sian*ism</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o*pa"gan*ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Neo-</i> +
<i>paganism</i>.] <def>Revived or new paganism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-Scho*las"tic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pert.
to Neo-Scholasticism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ne`o-Scho*las"ti*cism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
modern revival of the Scholastic philosophy, esp. of that of Thomas
Aquinas, with critical revision to suit the exigencies of the general
advance in learning. The Neo-Scholastic movement received a great
impetus from Leo XIII.'s interest in it.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne plus ul"tra</hw> (?). [L., no further; <i>ne</i> no, not +
<i>plus</i> more + <i>ultra</i> beyond.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
uttermost point to which one can go or attain; hence, the summit of
achievement; the highest point or degree; the acme.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A prohibition against proceeding further;
an insuperable obstacle or limiting condition.</def> [Obs. or R.]</p>

<p><hw>Ner"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>niarka</i>,
prob. fr. native name.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The most important
salmon of Alaska (<i>Oncorhinchus nerka</i>), ascending in spring most
rivers and lakes from Alaska to Oregon, Washington, and Idaho; --
called also <i>red salmon</i>, <i>redfish</i>, <i>blueback</i>, and
<i>sawqui</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne`ro-an*ti"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.;
<i>nero</i> black + <i>antico</i> ancient.] <i>(Art)</i> <def>A
beautiful black marble found in fragments among Roman ruins, and
usually thought to have come from ancient Laconia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ne Te"me*re</hw> (?). [So named from L. <i>ne</i> not +
<i>temere</i> rashly, the first two words in the decree.] <i>(R. C.
Ch.)</i> <def>A decree of the Congregation of the Council declaring
invalid [so far as the laws of the Roman Catholic Church are
concerned] any marriage of a Roman Catholic, or of a person who has
ever been a Roman Catholic, if not contracted before a duty qualified
priest (or the bishop of the diocese) and at least two witnesses. The
decree was issued Aug. 2, 1907, and took effect on Easter Apr. 19,
1908. The decree by its terms does not affect mixed marriages (those
between Roman Catholics and persons of another faith) in
Germany.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Net"su*ke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap.] <def>In
Japanese costume and decorative art, a small object carved in wood,
ivory, bone, or horn, or wrought in metal, and pierced with holes for
cords by which it is connected, for convenience, with the inro, the
smoking pouch (tabako-ire), and similar objects carried in the girdle.
It is now much used on purses sold in Europe and America.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Neuf`ch&acirc;`tel"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
kind of soft sweet-milk cheese; -- so called from
<i>Neufch&acirc;tel</i>-en-Bray in France.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Neu"tro*phile</hw> (?), <hw>Neu"tro*phil</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>neuter</i> + Gr. &?; loving.]
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>One of a group of leucocytes whose granules
stain only with neutral dyes.</def> -- <wf>Neu"tro*phil"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <wf>Neu*troph"i*lous</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>New Thought</hw>. <def>Any form of belief in mental healing
other than (1) Christian Science and (2) hypnotism or psychotherapy.
Its central principle is affirmative thought, or suggestion, employed
with the conviction that man produces changes in his health, his
finances, and his life by the adoption of a favorable mental attitude.
AS a therapeutic doctrine it stands for silent and absent mental
treatment, and the theory that all diseases are mental in origin. As a
cult it has its unifying idea the inculcation of workable optimism in
contrast with the "old thought" of sin, evil, predestination, and
pessimistic resignation. The term is essentially synonymous with the
term <i>High Thought</i>, used in England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"be*lung`en*lied`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. See
<u>Nibelungs</u>; <u>Lied</u>.] <def>A great medieval German epic of
unknown authorship containing traditions which refer to the
Burgundians at the time of Attila (called <i>Etzel</i> in the poem)
and mythological elements pointing to heathen times.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni"be*lungs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; <i>sing.</i>
<singw><b>Nibelung</b></singw> (&?;) . <def>In German mythology, the
children of the mist, a race of dwarfs or demonic beings, the original
possessors of the famous hoard and ring won by Siegfrid; also, the
Burgundian kings in the Nibelungenlied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nick`el*o"de*on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Nickel</i>
+ <i>odeon</i>.] <def>A place of entertainment, as for moving picture
exhibition, charging a fee or admission price of five cents.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Nickel steel</hw>. <def>A kind of cast steel containing nickel,
which greatly increases its strength. It is used for armor plate,
bicycle tubing, propeller shafts, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nic"o*tin*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Nicotine</i>
+ <i>-ism</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The morbid condition produced by
the excessive use of tobacco.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*el"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An impression on
paper taken from the engraved or incised surface before the niello
alloy has been inlaid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Niep"ce's proc"ess</hw> (?). <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A process,
now no longer used, invented by J. N. Niepce, a French chemist, in
1829. It depends upon the action of light in rendering a thin layer of
bitumen, with which the plate is coated, insoluble.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nig"ger*head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A strong
black chewing tobacco, usually in twisted plug form; negro
head.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To use, spend, or do in a petty or trifling manner.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To elaborate excessively, as in
art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gle</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Chiefly Eng.)</i>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To move about restlessly or without result; to
fidget.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To be finicky or excessively critical; to
potter; esp., to work with excessive care for trifling details, as in
painting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nig"gling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Finicky or
pottering work;</def> specif. <i>(Fine Arts)</i>, <def>minute and very
careful workmanship in drawing, painting, or the like, esp. when
bestowed on unimportant detail.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Night letter</hw>, <hw>Night lettergram</hw> }. <def>See
<u>Letter</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Night terrors</hw>. <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A sudden awkening
associated with a sensation of terror, occurring in children, esp.
those of unstable nervous constitution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ni*grit"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or having the characteristics of, negroes, or of
the Negritos, Papuans, and the Melanesian races; negritic.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ni"sus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The periodic procreative desire manifested in
the spring by birds, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
contraction of the diaphragm and abdominal muscles to evacuate feces
or urine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nix"ie</hw> (?). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Nothing.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(U. S. Mail Service)</i> <def>A piece of
mail matter which cannot be delivered, either because no post office
exists at the place to which is it addressed, or because there is no
place of the name mentioned in the designated State, Territory, or the
like.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Nixie clerk</hw>. <def>A post-office clerk in charge of the
nixies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ni*zam"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Nizam</b></plw>. [Turk. <i>niz&amacr;m</i>.] <def>A regular
soldier of the Turkish army. See <u>Army organization</u>,
above.</def></p>

<p><hw>No*bel" prizes</hw> (?). <def>Prizes for the encouragement of
men and women who work for the interests of humanity, established by
the will of A. B. Nobel (1833-96), the Swedish inventor of dynamite,
who left his entire estate for this purpose. They are awarded yearly
for what is regarded as the most important work during the year in
physics, chemistry, medicine or physiology, idealistic literature, and
service in the interest of peace. The prizes, averaging $40,000 each,
were first awarded in 1901.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"bert's lines</hw> (?). [After F. A. <i>Nobert</i>, German
manufacturer in Pomerania.] <def>Fine lines ruled on glass in a series
of groups of different closeness of line, and used to test the power
of a microscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>No"bi*li's rings</hw> (?). [After Leopoldo <i>Nobili</i>, an
Italian physicist who first described them in 1826.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Colored rings formed upon a metal plate by the electrolytic
disposition of copper, lead peroxide, etc. They may be produced by
touching with a pointed zinc rod a silver plate on which is a solution
of copper sulphate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Noil</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. Prov. E.
<i>oil</i>, <i>ile</i>, <i>ail</i>, a beard of grain (OE. <i>eil</i>,
AS. <i>egl</i>) combined with the indef. article, <i>an oil</i>
becoming <i>a noil</i>.] <def>A short or waste piece or knot of wool
separated from the longer staple by combing; also, a similar piece or
shred of waste silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*mor"al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not moral nor
immoral; having no connection with morals; not in the sphere of morals
or ethics; not ethical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Non*un"ion</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Not belonging to, or affiliated with, a trades union; as, a
<i>nonunoin</i> carpenter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Not recognizing or favoring trades unions
or trades-unionists; as, a <i>nonunion</i> contractor.</def> --
<wf>Non*un"ion*ism</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Nor"folk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Short for
<u>Norfolk Jacket</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Norfolk dumpling</hw>. <i>(Eng.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
kind of boiled dumpling made in Norfolk.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A native or inhabitant of Norfolk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Norfolk jacket</hw>. <def>A kind of loose-fitting plaited
jacket, having a loose belt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Norfolk plover</hw>. <def>The stone curlew.</def></p>

<p><hw>Norfolk spaniel</hw>. <def>One of a breed of field spaniels
similar to the clumbers, but shorter in body and of a liver-and-white
or black-and-white color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nor"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [For <i>Northland</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The land in the north; north country.</def>
[Chiefly Poetic]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>= <u>Norlander</u>.</def> [Scot. &
Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Nor"land*er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A northener; a
person from the north country.</def></p>

<p><hw>North Star State</hw>. <def>Minnesota; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nose</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
confront; be closely face to face or opposite to; meet.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To furnish with a nose; as, to <i>nose</i>
a stair tread.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To examine with the nose or sense of
smell.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>To make by advancing the nose or front
end; as, the train <i>nosed</i> its way into the statio;</def>
<i>(Racing Slang)</i> <def>to beat by (the length of) a
nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Nose</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To push or move
with the nose or front forward.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A train of cable cars came <i>nosing</i>
along.</blockquote>  <i>Hamlin Garland.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nos"o*phen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Nose</i> +
<i>phenol</i>; orig. used for affections of the nose.] <i>(Pharm.)</i>
<def>An iodine compound obtained as a yellowish gray, odorless,
tasteless powder by the action of iodine on phenolphthalein.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nos`o*pho"bi*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; &?;
disease + &?; fear.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Morbid dread of
disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; mind.]
<i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The reason; the highest intellect; God regarded
as the World Reason.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Nou`veau" riche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>m.</i></pos>,
<hw>||Nou`velle" riche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>f.</i></pos> }; pl.
<pos><i>m.</i></pos> <plw><b>Noveaux riches</b></plw> (#),
<pos><i>f.</i></pos> <plw><b>Nouvelles riches</b></plw> (#). [F.]
<def>A person newly rich.</def></p>

<p><hw>||No"va</hw> (n&omacr;"v&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. L.
<plw><b>Nov&aelig;</b></plw> (-v&emacr;), E. <plw><b>Novas</b></plw>
(-v&adot;z). [L., fem. sing. of <i>novus</i> new.] <i>(Astron.)</i>
<def>A new star, usually appearing suddenly, shining for a brief
period, and then sinking into obscurity. Such appearances are supposed
to result from cosmic collisions, as of a dark star with interstellar
nebulosities.</def> The most important modern nov&aelig; are: --
<col><b>||No"va Co*ro"n&aelig; Bo`re*a"lis</b></col> (&?;) [1866];
<col><b>||No"va Cyg"ni</b></col> (&?;) [1876]; <col><b>||No"va
An*dro"me*d&aelig;</b></col> (&?;) [1885]; <col><b>||No"va
Au*ri"g&aelig;</b></col> (&?;) [1891-92]; <col><b>||No"va
Per"se*i</b></col> (&?;) [1901]. There are two nov&aelig; called
<i>Nova Persei</i>. They are: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A small nova which
appeared in 1881. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> An extraordinary nova which
appeared in Perseus in 1901. It was first sighted on February 22, and
for one night (February 23) was the brightest star in the sky. By July
it had almost disappeared, after which faint surrounding nebulous
masses were discovered, apparently moving radially outward from the
star at incredible velocity.</p>

<p><hw>||No`yade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr. <i>noyer</i>
to drown, L. <i>necare</i> to kill.] <def>A drowning of many persons
at once, -- a method of execution practiced at Nantes in France during
the Reign of Terror, by Jean Baptiste Carrier.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nul"lah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>n&amacr;l&amacr;</i>, fr. Skr. <i>n&amacr;la</i> tube.] <def>A
water course, esp. a dry one; a gully; a gorge; -- orig. an East
Indian term.</def>  <i>E. Arnold.</i></p>

<p><! p. 1999 !></p>

<p><hw>Nu"na*tak</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
taks</b></plw> (#) (the <i>pl.</i> form <plw><b>Nunatakker</b></plw>
is Swedish). [Eskimo <i>nun&aelig;ttak</i>.] <def>In Greenland, an
insular hill or mountain surrounded by an ice sheet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Nunc" di*mit"tis</hw> (?). [L. <i>nunc</i> now +
<i>dimittis</i> thou lettest depart.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>The song of
Simeon (<i>Luke ii. 29-32</i>), used in the ritual of many churches.
It begins with these words in the Vulgate.</def></p>

<p>{<hw>||Nu*ra"ghe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; It. pl. <plw><b>-
ghi</b></plw> (&?;). Also <hw>Nu"ragh</hw> (?), etc.} [It. dial.
(Sardinia) <i>nuraghe</i>).] <def>One of the prehistoric towerlike
structures found in Sardinia.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The so-called <i>nuraghi</i>, conical monuments with
truncated summits, 30-60 ft. in height, 35-100 ft. in diameter at the
base, constructed sometimes of hewn, and sometimes of unhewn blocks of
stone without mortar. They are situated either on isolated eminences
or on the slopes of the mountains, seldom on the plains, and usually
occur in groups. They generally contain two (in some rare instances
three) conically vaulted chambers, one above the other, and a spiral
staircase constructed in the thick walls ascends to the upper
stories.</blockquote>  <i>Baedeker.</i></p>

<p><hw>Nyc*tit"ro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Gr. &?;,
&?;, night + &?; to turn.] <i>(Plant Physiol.)</i> <def>The tendency
of certain plant organs, as leaves, to assume special "sleeping"
positions or make curvatures under the influence of darkness. It is
well illustrated in the leaflets of clover and other leguminous
plants.</def></p>

<p><point26>O.</point26></p>

<p><hw>||O"bi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap.] <def>A sash, esp.
the long broad sash of soft material worn by women.</def>[Japan]</p>

<p><blockquote>Over this is bound the large sash (<i>obi</i>) which is
the chief article of feminine adornment.</blockquote>  <i>B. H.
Chamberlain.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"bi*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Belief in, or the
practice of, the obi superstitions and rites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob`ser*va"tion car</hw>. <def>A railway passenger car made so
as to facilitate seeing the scenery en route; a car open, or with
glass sides, or with a kind of open balcony at the rear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob*tain"</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To gain or have a
firm footing; to become recognized or established; to become or be
prevalent or general; as, the custom <i>obtains</i> of going to the
seashore in summer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"tu*rate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Obturated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Obturating</u> (?).] [L. <i>obturatus</i>; p.p. of
<i>obturare</i>.] <def>To stop or close, as an opening;</def> specif.,
<i>(Ordnance)</i>, <def>to stop (a gun breech) so as to prevent the
escape of gas in firing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ob"tu*ra`tor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Ordnance)</i> <def>Any device for preventing the escape of gas
through the breech mechanism of a breech-loading gun; a gas
check.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A camera
shutter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oc`a*ri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. It.
<i>carino</i> pretty.] <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A kind of small simple wind
instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Icel.
<i>&emacr;&?;al</i>, Dan. <i>odel</i> allodial, Sw. <i>odal</i>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>Among the early and medieval Teutonic peoples, esp.
Scandinavians, the heritable land held by the various odalmen
constituting a family or kindred of freeborn tribesmen; also, the
ownership of such land. The odal was subject only to certain rights of
the family or kindred in restricting the freedom of transfer or sale
and giving certain rights of redemption in case of change of ownership
by inheritance, etc., and perhaps to other rights of the kindred or
the tribe. Survivals of the early odal estates and tenure exist in
Orkney and Shetland, where it is usually called by the variant form
<i>udal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"dal</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>Noting, or
pert. to, odal land or ownership.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O"dal*man</hw> (?), <hw>O"dal*wom`an</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Teut. Law)</i> <def>A man or woman having
odal, or able to share in it by inheritance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Odd"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Odd</i> + <i>-
ment</i>.] <def>An odd thing, or one that is left over, disconnected,
fragmentary, or the like; something that is separated or disconnected
from its fellows;</def> esp. (in <i>pl.</i>), <def>the odds and ends.
Specif.: <i>(Printing)</i> Any separate small part or page in a book,
other than the text, such as the title page, contents, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A miscellaneous collection of riddles, charms, gnomic
verses, and "<i>oddments</i>" of different kinds.</blockquote>
<i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>||O"dels*thing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Norw.
<i>odel</i> odal + <i>ting</i> parliament.] <def>The lower house of
the Norwegian Storthing. See <u>Legislature</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"din*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Worship of Odin;
broadly, the Teutonic heathenism.</def> -- <wf>O"din*ist</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Odinism</i> was valor; Christianism was humility, a
nobler kind of valor.</blockquote>  <i>Carlyle.</i></p>

<p><hw>O"do*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; way + <i>-
graph</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A machine for registering the
distance traversed by a vehicle or pedestrain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A device for recording the length and
rapidity of stride and the number of steps taken by a
walker.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*dom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, an
instrument for measuring distances; &?; way + &?; measure: cf. F.
<i>odom&egrave;tre</i>, <i>hodom&egrave;tre</i>.] <def>An instrument
attached to a vehicle, to measure the distance traversed; also, a
wheel used by surveyors, which registers the miles and rods
traversed.</def> -- <wf>Od`o*met"ric*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||&OElig;il`-de-b&oelig;uf"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>&OElig;ils-de-b&oelig;uf</b></plw> (#). [F., lit., eye of an
ox.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>A circular or oval window; -- generally used
of architecture of the 17th and 18th centuries. A famous room in the
palace of Versailles bears this name, from the oval window opening
into it.</def></p>

<p><hw>||&OElig;il`-de-per`drix"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.,
lit., eye of a partridge.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ornamental Art)</i>
<def>Characterized by, or decorated with, small round points, spots,
or rings; as, <i>&oelig;il-de-perdrix</i> pattern.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Having a brownish red color; -- used esp.
of light-colored red wine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oer"sted</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After Hans Christian
<i>Oersted</i>, Danish physicist.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The C.G.S. unit
of magnetic reluctance or resistance, equal to the reluctance of a
centimeter cube of air (or vacuum) between parallel faces. Also, a
reluctance in which unit magnetomotive force sets up unit
flux.</def></p>

<p><hw>Of"fice wire`</hw> (?). <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Copper wire with a
strong but light insulation, used in wiring houses, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Off`print"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<i>Off</i> +
<i>print</i>.] <def>To reprint (as an excerpt); as, the articles of
some magazines are <i>offprinted</i> from other magazines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Off"print`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A reprint or
excerpt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Off"take`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Off</i> +
<i>take</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of taking off; specif., the
taking off or purchase of goods.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Something taken off; a
deduction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A channel for taking away air or water;
also, the point of beginning of such a channel; a take-off.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ohm"me`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Ohm</i> +
<i>meter</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An instrument for indicating
directly resistance in ohms.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*ka"pi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name on the
borders of Belgian Kongo, possibly the same word as Mpongwe
<i>okapo</i> lean.] <def>A peculiar mammal (<i>Okapia johnostoni</i>)
closely related to the giraffe, discovered in the deep forests of
Belgian Kongo in 1900. It is smaller than an ox, and somewhat like a
giraffe, except that the neck is much shorter. Like the giraffe, it
has no dewclaws. There is a small prominence on each frontal bone of
the male. The color of the body is chiefly reddish chestnut, the
cheeks are yellowish white, and the fore and hind legs above the knees
and the haunches are striped with purplish black and cream
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"kra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The pods of the plant
okra, used as a vegetable; also, a dish prepared with them;
gumbo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Old Dominion</hw>. <def>Virginia; -- a name of uncertain
origin, perh. from the old designation of the colony as "the Colony
and Dominion of Virginia."</def></p>

<p><hw>Old Line State</hw>. <def>Maryland; a nickname, alluding to the
fact that its northern boundary in Mason and Dixon's line.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`le*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Art or process of producing the pictures known
as oleographs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A process of identifying oils by their
oleographs.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`le*o oil</hw> (?). <def>An oil expressed from certain animal
fats (esp. beef suet), the greater portion of the solid fat, or
stearin, being left behind. It is mixture of olein, palmitin, and a
little stearin.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*lym"pi*ad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quadrennial
celebration of the modern Olympic games; as, the first <i>Olympiad</i>
(1906).</def></p>

<p><hw>O*lym"pi*an*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Worship of
the Olympian gods, esp. as a dominant cult or religion.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O*lym"pic</hw>, or <hw>O*lym"pi*an</hw>, <hw>games</hw>  }.
<def>A modified revival of the ancient Olympian games, consisting of
international athletic games, races, etc., now held once in four
years, the first having been at Athens in 1896.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Om</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj. &amp; n.</i></pos> [Also <i>Aum</i>,
<i>Um</i>.] [Skr. <i>&omacr;m</i>.] <def>A mystic syllable or
ejaculation used by Hindus and Buddhists in religious rites, -- orig.
among the Hindus an exclamation of assent, like <i>Amen</i>, then an
invocation, and later a symbol of the trinity formed by Vishnu, Siva,
and Brahma.</def> -- <col><b>Om mani padme hun</b></col>, <cd>a sacred
formula of buddhism (esp. of the Lamaists) translated "O, the Jewel in
the Lotus, Amen," and referring to Amitabha, who is commonly
represented as standing or sitting within a lotus.</cd></p>

<p><hw>O*mi"cron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>omikron</i>.] [NL., fr. Gr. &OMICRON; &omicron;. See <u>Micro-
</u>.] <def>Lit., the little, or short, O, o; the fifteenth letter of
the Greek alphabet.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"cost`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Accounting)</i> <def>In
cost accounting, expenditure which is involved in the process of
manufacture or the performance of work and which cannot be charged
directly to any particular article manufactured or work done (as where
different kinds of goods are produced), but must be allocated so that
each kind of goods or work shall bear its proper share.</def>
[Brit.]</p>

<p><hw>On"do*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>onde</i> wave,
L. <i>unda</i> + <i>-gram</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The record of an
ondograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"do*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>onde</i>
wave, L. <i>unda</i> + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An
instrument for autographically recording the wave forms of varying
currents, esp. rapidly varying alternating currents.</def></p>

<p><hw>On*dom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>onde</i>
wave, L. <i>unda</i> + <i>-mater</i>.] <def>An electric wave
meter.</def></p>

<p><hw>||On`do`yant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p.pr. of
<i>ondoyer</i> to undulate, fr. <i>onde</i> wave, L. <i>unda</i>.]
<i>(Art)</i> <def>Wavy; having the surface marked by waves or slightly
depressed furrows; as, <i>ondoyant</i> glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>On"ion*skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Onion</i> +
<i>skin</i>.] <def>A kind of thin translucent paper with a glossy
finish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ooze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Oceanography)</i> <def>A
soft deposit covering large areas of the ocean bottom, composed
largely or mainly of the shells or other hard parts of minute
organisms, as Foraminifera, Radiolaria, and diatoms. The
<i>radiolarian ooze</i> occurring in many places in very deep water is
composed mainly of the siliceous skeletons of radiolarians, calcareous
matter being dissolved by the lage percentage of carbon dioxide in the
water at these depths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ooze leather</hw>. <def>Leather made from sheep and calf skins
by mechanically forcing ooze through them; esp., such leather with a
soft, finely granulated finish (called sometimes <col><b>velvet
finish</b></col>) put on the flesh side for special purposes. Ordinary
ooze leather is used for shoe uppers, in bookbinding, etc. Hence
<col><b>Ooze calf</b></col>, <col><b>Ooze finish</b></col>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pal*ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An opaline variety of yellow chalcedony.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Opal glass.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>An opaline color or expanse.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"pen door</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Open or free
admission to all; hospitable welcome; free opportunity.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She of the open soul and <i>open door</i>,<BR>
With room about her hearth for all mankind.</blockquote>
<i>Lowell.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In modern diplomacy, opportunity for
political and commercial intercourse open to all upon equal terms,
esp. with reference to a nation whose policy is wholly or partially
fixed by nations foreign to itself, or to territory newly acquired by
a conquering nation. In this sense, often used adjectively, as,
<i>open-door</i> system, <i>open-door</i> policy, etc.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The steps taken by Britain to maintain the <i>open
door</i> have so far proved to be perfectly futile.</blockquote>
<i>A. R. Colquhoun.</i></p>

<p><hw>Open-hearth steel</hw>. <def>See under <u>Open</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Open sea</hw>. <i>(Internat. Law)</i> <def>A sea open to all
nations. See <u>Mare clausum</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Open verdict</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>A verdict on a preliminary
investigation, finding the fact of a crime but not stating the
criminal, or finding the fact of a violent death without disclosing
the cause.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oph"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Doctrines and rites of the Ophites.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Serpent worship or the use of serpents as
magical agencies.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Op`ol*che"ni*e</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ., fr.
<i>opolchit'</i> to make an army, <i>polk</i> army. Cf. <u>Folk</u>.]
<i>(Russia)</i> <def>See <u>Army organization</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op*tom"e*trist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
skilled in or practices optometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Op*tom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>Measurement of the range of vision, esp. by means
of the optometer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>As defined (with minor variations) in the
statutes of various States of the United States:</def>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>"The employment of subjective and objective
mechanical means to determine the accomodative and refractive states
of the eye and the scope of its function in general."</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>"The employment of any means, other than the
use of drugs, for the measurement of the powers of vision and
adaptation of lenses for the aid thereof."</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ri*ent</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Same as <u>Orientate</u>, 2.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To place (a map or chart) so that its east
side, north side, etc., lie toward the corresponding parts of the
horizon;</def> specif. <i>(Surv.)</i>, <def>to rotate (a map attached
to a plane table) until the line of direction between any two of its
points is parallel to the corresponding direction in nature.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Or"mazd</hw> (?) or <hw>A`hu*ra-Maz"da</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Zend <i>Ahuramazda</i>.] <i>(Zoroastrianism)</i>
<def>The supreme deity, the principle of good, creator of the world,
and guardian of mankind. He is the opponent of Ahriman, the spirit of
evil, both being sprung from Eternity, or, according to another
version, Ahriman being the offspring of a moment of doubt on the part
of Ormazd. Ormazd is attended by angels and archangels. He is
represented as a bearded man inclosed in a winged circle, a conception
probably derived from the Assyrian representations of Ashur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; mountain +
<i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Surveying)</i> <def>A machine for use in making
topographical maps. It is operated by being pushed across country, and
not only records distances, like the perambulator, but also
elevations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or`o*he"li*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
mountain + <i>helio-</i> + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A
camera for obtaining a circular panoramic view of the horizon. The
photographic plate is placed horizontally with a vertical lens above.
A mirror of peculiar shape reflects light from the entire horizon to
the lens, by means of which it is focused upon the plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>O*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; mountain +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>An aneroid barometer having a
second scale that gives the approximate elevation above sea level of
the place where the observation is made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Or"tho*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Ortho-</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>An orthographic projection,
sometimes partly in section, esp. of a building.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"cil*lat`ing current</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A current
alternating in direction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"cil*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
oscillates</def>; specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Any
device for producing electric oscillations; esp., an apparatus for
generating electric waves in a system of wireless telegraphy.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>An instrument for measuring
rigidity by the torsional oscillations of a weighted wire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"cil*lo*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oscillare</i> + <i>-gram</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An autographic
record made by an oscillograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"cil*lo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oscillare</i> to swing + <i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An
apparatus for recording or indicating alternating-current wave forms
or other electrical oscillations, usually consisting of a galvanometer
with strong field, in which the mass of the moving part is very small
and frequency of vibration very high.</def> --
<wf>Os`cil*lo*graph"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Os`cil*lom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oscillare</i> to swing + <i>-meter</i>.] <def>An instrument for
measuring the angle through which a ship rolls or pitches at
sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os*cil"lo*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>oscillare</i> to swing + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An
instrument for showing visually the changes in a varying current; an
oscillograph.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2000 !></p>

<p><hw>Os"mo*gene</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Osmo</i>se +
root of Gr. &?; race.] <def>An apparatus, consisting of a number of
cells whose sides are of parchment paper, for conducting the process
of osmosis. It is used esp. in sugar refining to remove potassium
salts from the molasses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Osmo</i>se +
<i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for recording the
height of the liquid in an endosmometer or for registering osmotic
pressures.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os`te*ol"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>osteo-
</i> + Gr. &?; a loosing.] <def>Softening and absorption of
bone.</def> -- <wf>Os`te*o*lyt"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Os"te*o*path</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A practitioner
of osteopathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*o*path"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to osteopathy.</def> --
<wf>Os`te*o*path"ic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*op"a*thist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
practices osteopathy; an osteopath.</def></p>

<p><hw>Os`te*op"a*thy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Osteo-</i> +
Gr. &?; suffering.] <i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any disease
of the bones.</def> [R.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A system of
treatment based on the theory that diseases are chiefly due to
deranged mechanism of the bones, nerves, blood vessels, and other
tissues, and can be remedied by manipulations of these
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os`te*o*per`i*os*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.;
<i>osteo-</i> + <i>periost</i>eum + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of a bone and its periosteum.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os`te*o*po*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.;
<i>osteo-</i> + Gr. &?; pore.] <i>(Med. &amp; Physiol.)</i> <def>An
absorption of bone so that the tissue becomes unusually
porous.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Os`te*o*scle*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.;
<i>osteo-</i> + <i>sclerosis</i>.] <def>Abnormal hardness and density
of bone.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ot*ta"va ri"ma</hw> (?). [It. See <u>Octave</u>, and
<u>Rhyme</u>.] <i>(Pros.)</i> <def>A stanza of eight lines of heroic
verse, with three rhymes, the first six lines rhyming alternately and
the last two forming a couplet. It was used by Byron in "Don Juan," by
Keats in "Isabella," by Shelley in "The Witch of Atlas,"
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ot"to cy`cle</hw> (?). <i>(Thermodynamics)</i> <def>A four-
stroke cycle for internal-combustion engines consisting of the
following operations: First stroke, suction into cylinder of explosive
charge, as of gas and air; second stroke, compression, ignition, and
explosion of this charge; third stroke (the working stroke), expansion
of the gases; fourth stroke, expulsion of the products of combustion
from the cylinder. This is the cycle invented by Beau de Rochas in
1862 and applied by Dr. Otto in 1877 in the Otto-Crossley gas engine,
the first commercially successful internal-combustion engine
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Otto engine</hw>. <def>An engine using the Otto
cycle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oua`na`niche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Canadian F., of
Amer. Indian origin.] <def>A small landlocked variety of the Atlantic
salmon (<i>Salmo salar ounaniche</i>) of Lake St. John, Canada, and
neighboring waters, noted for its vigor and activity, and habit of
leaping from the water when hooked.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out*foot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To outrun or
outwalk; hence, of a vessel, to outsail.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Out"pen`sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To grant an
outpension to.</def></p>

<p><hw>Out"pen`sion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A public pension
granted to one not required to live in a charitable institution.</def>
-- <wf>Out"pen`sion*er</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ou`tr&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p.p. of
<i>outer</i> to exaggerate, fr. L. <i>ultra</i> beyond. See
<u>Outrage</u>.] <def>Out of the common course or limits; extravagant;
bizarre; as, an <i>outr&eacute;</i> costume.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>My first mental development had in it much of the
uncommon -- even much of the  <i>outr&eacute;</i>.</blockquote>  <i>E.
A. Poe.</i></p>

<p><hw>Out"rig`ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A projecting frame used to support the
elevator or tail planes, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*cast"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Bookbinding)</i>
<def>To fasten, as single sheets, by overcast stitching or by folding
one edge over another.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*de*vel"op</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
develop excessively;</def> specif. <i>(Photog.)</i>, <def>to subject
(a plate or film) too long to the developing process.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*draft`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Banking)</i>
<def>The act of overdrawing; also, the amount or sum
overdrawn.</def></p>

<p><hw>O`ver*ex*pose"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To expose
excessively;</def> specif. <i>(Photog.)</i>, <def>to subject (a plate
or film) too long to the actinic action of the light used in producing
a picture.</def> -- <wf>O`ver*ex*po"sure</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*glaze`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Ceramics)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Applied over the glaze; -- said of enamel
paintings, which sometimes are seen to project from the surface of the
ware.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Suitable for applying upon the
glaze; -- said of vitrifiable colors used in ceramic
decoration.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>O"ver*head" charges</hw>, <hw>expenses</hw>, etc. }
<i>(Accounting)</i> <def>Those general charges or expenses in any
business which cannot be charged up as belonging exclusively to any
particular part of the work or product, as where different kinds of
goods are made, or where there are different departments in a
business; -- called also <i>fixed</i>, <i>establishment</i>, or (in a
manufacturing business) <i>administration</i>, <i>selling</i>, and
<i>distribution</i>, <i>charges</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
men</b></plw> (&?;). <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One in authority over
others; a chief; usually, an overseer or boss.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An arbiter.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>In the philosophy of Nietzsche, a man of
superior physique and powers capable of dominating others; one fitted
to survive in an egoistic struggle for the mastery.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*shot`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Having the upper teeth projecting beyond the lower; -- said of
the jaws of some dogs.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"ver*wear`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Clothing worn
over the ordinary indoor closing, as overcoats, wraps, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Ov</i>um + <i>-
ism</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>The old theory that the egg
contains the whole embryo of the future organism and the germs of all
subsequent offsprings and is merely awakened to activity by the
spermatozo&ouml;n; -- opposed to <i>spermism</i> or
<i>animalculism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"vist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A believer in ovism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ox`y*hy"dro*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Oxy-</i> +
<i>hydrogen</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Of, pertaining to, or consisting
of, a mixture of oxygen and hydrogen at over 5000&deg; F.</def></p>

<p><hw>Oxyhydrogen light</hw>. <def>A light produced by the
incandescence of some substances, esp. lime, in the oxyhydrogen flame.
Coal gas (producing the <i>oxygas light</i>), or the vapor of ether
(<i>oxyether light</i>) or methylated spirit (<i>oxyspirit light</i>),
may be substituted for hydrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>O"zone pa"per</hw>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Paper coated with
starch and potassium iodine. It turns blue when exposed to
ozone.</def>>-- also called starch-iodide paper --></p>

<p><point26>P.</point26></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa*chi"si</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Commonly spelt
<hw>Par*che"si</hw>, <hw>Par*chi"si</hw> (?) }. <def>A game adopted
from the Indian game, using disks, as of pasteboard, and dice.</def>
[U. S. &amp; Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*chu"ca tank</hw> (?). <i>(Metallurgy)</i> <def>A high and
narrow tank, with a central cylinder for the introduction of
compressed air, used in the agitation and settling of pulp (pulverized
ore and water) during treatment by the cyanide process; -- so named
because, though originally devised in New Zealand, it was first
practically introduced in Pachuca, Mexico.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*ci"fi*co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. See
<u>Pacific</u>.] <def>A peaceful person; -- applied specif. by the
Spaniards to the natives in Cuba and the Philippine Islands who did
not oppose the Spanish arms.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>While we were going through the woods one of the
<i>pacificos</i> pointed to a new grave.</blockquote>  <i>Harper's
Weekly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>In hydropathic practice, a wrapping of blankets or
sheets called <i>dry pack</i>, <i>wet pack</i>, <i>cold pack</i>,
etc., according to the condition of the blankets or sheets used, put
about a patient to give him treatment; also, the fact or condition of
being so treated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Rugby Football)</i> <def>The forwards who
compose one half of the scrummage; also, the scrummage.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pack and prime</b></col> <col><b>road or way</b></col>,
<cd>a pack road or bridle way.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pack</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cover, envelop, or
protect tightly with something;</def> specif. <i>(Hydropathy)</i>,
<def>to envelop in a wet or dry sheet, within numerous
coverings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pack"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A ring of packing or a
special device to render gas-tight and water-tight the space between
the tubing and bore of an oil well.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pad elephant</hw>. <def>An elephant that is furnished with a
pad for carrying burdens instead of with a howdah for carrying
passengers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa"dre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. Sp. &amp; Pg.
<plw><b>Padres</b></plw> (#); It. <plw><b>Padri</b></plw> (#). [Sp.,
Pg., &amp; It., fr. L. <i>pater</i> father. See <u>Father</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Christian priest or monk; -- used in Italy,
Spain, Portugal, and Spanish America.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In India (from the Portuguese), any
Christian minister; also, a priest of the native region.</def>
<i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*go"da sleeve</hw>. <i>(Costume)</i> <def>A funnel-shaped
sleeve arranged to show the sleeve lining and an inner
sleeve.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pail`lon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
lions</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. <i>paille</i> straw.] <def>A thin leaf
of metal, as for use in gilding or enameling, or to show through a
translucent medium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*ja"mas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>p&amacr;-j&amacr;ma</i>, <i>p&amacr;ej&amacr;ma</i>, lit., leg
closing.] <def>Originally, in India, loose drawers or trousers, such
as those worn, tied about the waist, by Mohammedan men and women; by
extension, a similar garment adopted among Europeans, Americans, etc.,
for wear in the dressing room and during sleep; also, a suit
consisting of drawers and a loose upper garment for such
wear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal"a*mate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Palma</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Web-footed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal`i*sade"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A line of bold
cliffs, esp. one showing basaltic columns; -- usually in <i>pl.</i>,
and orig. used as the name of the cliffs on the west bank of the lower
Hudson.</def></p>

<p><hw>Palm</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To "grease the palm"
of; to bribe or tip.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Palm"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A palmerworm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Angling)</i> <def>Short for
<i><col><b>Palmer fly</b></col></i>, an artificial fly made to imitate
a hairy caterpillar; a hackle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pal*met"to flag</hw>. <def>Any of several flags adopted by
South California after its secession. That adopted in November, 1860,
had a green cabbage palmetto in the center of a white field; the final
one, January, 1861, had a white palmetto in the center of a blue field
and a white crescent in the upper left-hand corner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Palmetto State</hw>. <def>South California; -- a nickname
alluding to the State Arms, which contain a representation of a
palmetto tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. See <u>Pale</u> a
stake.] <def>A pole or timber of any kind; -- in the names of
trees.</def> [Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pa"lo blan"co</hw> (?). [Sp. <i>blanco</i> white.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A western American hackberry (<i>Celtis
reticulata</i>), having light-colored bark.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A Mexican mimosaceous tree (<i>Lysiloma candida</i>), the bark of
which is used in tanning.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa*lo"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or <hw>Palolo
worm</hw>  }. [From native name.] <def>A polystome worm (<i>Palolo
viridis</i>) that burrows in the coral reefs of certain of the Pacific
Islands. A little before the last quarter of the moon in October and
November, they swarm in vast numbers at the surface of the sea for
breeding, and are gathered and highly esteemed as food by the natives.
An allied species inhabits the tropical Atlantic and swarms in June or
July.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan`a*ma"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pert.
to Panama.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A native or citizen of
Panama.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan-American Congress</hw>. <def>Any of several meetings of
delegates from various American states; esp.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> One
held in 1889-90 in the United States, at which all the independent
states except Santo Domingo were represented and of which the
practical result was the establishment of the Bureau of American
Republics for the promotion of trade relations. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
One held in Mexico in 1901-1902. <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> One held at Rio
de Janeiro in 1906.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan-A*mer"i*can*ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
principle or advocacy of a political alliance or union of all the
states of America.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pan*ath`e*n&aelig;"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; Athena.] <def>The most ancient and
important festival of Athens, celebrated in honor of Athena, the
tutelary goddess of the city.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"el</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>A segment of an a&euml;roplane wing. In a biplane the outer panel
extends from the wing tip to the next row of posts, and is trussed by
oblique stay wires.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan"han`dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The handle of a
pan; hence, fig., any arm or projection suggestive of the handle of a
pan; as, the <i>panhandle</i> of West Virginia, Texas, or
Idaho.</def></p>

<p><hw>Panhandle State</hw>. <def>West Virginia; -- a
nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Panne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A fabric
resembling velvet, but having the nap flat and less close.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pan*psy"chism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pan-</u>;
<u>Psychic</u>.] <def>The theory that all nature is psychical or has a
psychical aspect; the theory that every particle of matter has a
psychical character or aspect.</def> -- <wf>Pan*psy"chic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Pan*psy"chist</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Pan`psy*chis"tic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>Fechner affords a conspicuous instance of the
idealistic tendency to mysterize nature in his <i>panpsychicism</i>,
or that form of noumenal idealism which holds that the universe is a
vast communion of spirits, souls of men, of animals, of plants, of
earth and other planets, of the sun, all embraced as different members
in the soul of the world.</blockquote>  <i>Encyc. Brit.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pa"pri*ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Pa"pri*ca</hw> }. [Hung. <i>paprika</i> Turkish pepper; prob.
through G.] <def>The dried ripened fruit of <i>Capsicum annuum</i> or
various other species of pepper; also, the mildly pungent condiment
prepared from it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
amount which is taken as an average or mean.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Golf)</i> <def>The number of strokes
required for a hole or a round played without mistake, two strokes
being allowed on each hole for putting. <i>Par</i> represents perfect
play, whereas <i>bogey</i> makes allowance on some holes for human
frailty. Thus if <i>par</i> for a course is 75, <i>bogey</i> is
usually put down, arbitrarily, as 81 or 82.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*r&aacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The southern arm of the Amazon in Brazil; also, a seaport on this
arm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Short for <u>Par&aacute;
rubber</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Par`a-an`&aelig;s*the"si*a</hw>, <hw>-an`es*the"si*a</hw>
} (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; <i>para-</i> +
<i>an&aelig;sthesia</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An&aelig;sthesia of both
sides of the lower half of the body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par&aacute; cress</hw>. <def>An annual asteraceous herb
(<i>Spilances oleracea</i>) grown in tropical countries as a pungent
salad, and also used medicinally.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*gen"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; <i>para-
</i> + <i>genesis</i>.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
formation of minerals in contact, so as to affect one another's
development.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The order in which
minerals occurring together in rocks and veins have
developed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par&aacute; grass</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tall rather
coarse grass (<i>Panicum molle</i>) grown in the tropics for
pasturage, and introduced into the southern United States.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Piassaba fiber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"a*kite`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Para-</i> +
<i>kite</i>.] <def>A train or series of kites on one string and flying
tandem, used for attaining great heights and for sending up
instruments for meteorological observations or a man for military
reconnoissance; also, a kite of such a train.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`al*ge"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; <i>para-
</i> + Gr. <grk>'a`lghsis</grk> sense of pain.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Disordered sensibility to pain, including absence of sensibility
to pain, excessive sensibility to pain, and abnormal painful results
of stimuli.</def> -- <wf>Par`al*ge"sic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Par"al*lel</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>That
arrangement of an electrical system in which all positive poles,
electrodes, terminals, etc., are joined to one conductor, and all
negative poles, etc., to another conductor; -- called also
<i>multiple</i>. Opposed to <i>series</i>.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Parts of a system so arranged are said to be <i>in
parallel</i> or <i>in multiple</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Parallel standards</hw>. <i>(Numismatics)</i> <def>Two or more
metals coined without any attempt by the government to regulate their
values.</def></p>

<p><hw>Parallel sulcus</hw>. <i>(Anat.)</i> <def>A sulcus parallel to,
but some distance below, the horizontal limb of the fissure of
Sylvius.</def></p>

<p><hw>Parallel transformer</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A transformer
connected in parallel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Parallel vise</hw>. <def>A vise with jaws so guided as to
remain parallel.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`a*noi"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A chronic form of insanity characterized by very gradual
impairment of the intellect, systematized delusion, and usually by
delusious of persecution or mandatory delusions producing homicidal
tendency. In its mild form paranoia may consist in the well-marked
crotchetiness exhibited in persons commonly called "cranks."
Paranoiacs usually show evidences of bodily and nervous degeneration,
and many have hallucinations, esp. of sight and hearing.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2001 !></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*noi"ac</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to paranoia; affected with, or characteristic
of, paranoia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par`a*noi"ac</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person affected
with paranoia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par&aacute; nut</hw>. <def>The Brazil nut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par&aacute; rubber</hw>. <def>The caoutchouc obtained from the
South American euphorbiaceous tree <i>Hevea brasiliensis</i>, hence
called the Par&aacute; rubber tree, from the Brazilian river and
seaport named Par&aacute;; also, the similar product of other species
of <i>Hevea</i>. It is usually exported in flat round cakes, and is a
chief variety of commercial India rubber.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par"a*shah</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
shoth</b></plw> (#) or <plw><b>-shioth</b></plw> (#). [Heb.
<i>p&amacr;r&amacr;sh&amacr;h</i>.] <def>A lesson from the Torah, or
Law, from which at least one section is read in the Jewish synagogue
on every Sabbath and festival.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par"a*shoth</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<def><pos><i>pl.</i></pos> of <u>Parashah</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"cel post</hw>. <def>That branch of the post office having
to do with the collection, transmission, and delivery of parcels. The
British Inland Parcel Post was established in 1883. The present rates,
dating from 1897, are 3d. for parcels not exceeding one pound and 1d.
for each additional pound up to the limit of 10 pounds. A general
parcel post was established in the United States by Act of August 24,
1912, which took effect Jan. 1, 1913. Parcels must not exceed 11
pounds in weight nor 72 inches in length and girth combined. Provision
is made from insuring parcels up to $50.00, and also for sending
parcels C.O.D. The rates of postage vary with the distance. See
<u>Zone</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*chee"si</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Pachisi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Parch"ment*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>-ized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>-izing</u> (?).] <def>To convert to a parchmentlike substance, esp.
by sulphuric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*fleche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. through
Canadian F. fr. Amer. Indian.] <def>A kind of rawhide consisting of
hide, esp. of the buffalo, which has been soaked in crude wood-ash lye
to remove the hairs, and then dried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*fo"cal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Pari-</i> +
<i>focal</i>.] <i>(Opt.)</i> <def>With the lower focal points all in
the same plane; -- said of sets of eyepieces so mounted that they may
be interchanged without varying the focus of the instrument (as a
microscope or telescope) with which they are used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Park</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any place where vehicles
are assembled according to a definite arrangement; also, the
vehicles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Park</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
bring together in a park, or compact body; as, to <i>park</i>
artillery, wagons, automobiles, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In oyster culture, to inclose in a
park.</def></p>

<p><hw>Park</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To promenade or drive
in a park; also, of horses, to display style or gait on a park
drive.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Par"ka</hw> (?), <hw>Par"kee</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Russ. <i>parka</i>, <i>parki</i>, dim. of <i>para</i> a pair, fr. G.
<i>paar</i>, L. <i>par</i>. Cf. <u>Pair</u>.] <def>An outer garment
made of the skins of birds or mammals, worn by Eskimos, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"lor match`</hw>. <def>A friction match that contains little
or no sulphur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*nas"sian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>parnassien</i>.] <def>One of a school of French poets of the Second
Empire (1852-70) who emphasized metrical form and made the little use
of emotion as poetic material; -- so called from the name (<i>Parnasse
contemporain</i>) of the volume in which their first poems were
collected in 1866.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Par`nas`si`en"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Same
as <u>Parnassian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"nell*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng.
Politics)</i> <def>The policy or principles of the
Parnellites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par"nell*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Eng.
Politics)</i> <def>One of the adherents of Charles Stewart Parnell
(1846-91) in his advocacy of home rule for Ireland.</def></p>

<p><hw>Par*quet"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In various European public bourses, the railed-in space within
which the "agents de change," or privileged brokers, conduct business;
also, the business conducted by them; -- distinguished from the
<i>coulisse</i>, or outside market.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In most European countries, the branch of
the administrative government which is charged with the prevention,
investigation, and punishment of crime, representing the public and
not the individual injured.</def></p>

<p><hw>Parquet circle</hw>. <def>That part of the lower floor of a
theater with seats at the rear of the parquet and beneath the
galleries; -- called also, esp. in U. S., <i>orchestra circle</i> or
<i>parterre</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa`rure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., OF.
<i>pareure</i>, LL. <i>paraura</i>, fr. L. <i>parare</i> to prepare.
See <u>Pare</u>.] <def>An ornament or decoration for the person; esp.,
a decoration consisting of a set of ornaments to be used together; as,
a <i>parure</i> of rubies or of embroideries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pass</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In football, hockey, etc.,
a transfer of the ball, etc., to another player of one's side, usually
at some distance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pass</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>In football, hockey,
etc., to make pass; to transfer the ball, etc., to another player of
one's own side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Passe*men"terie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>Trimmings, esp. of braids, cords, gimps, beads, or
tinsel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"sen*ger mile</hw>. <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A unit of
measurement of the passenger transportation performed by a railroad
during a given period, usually a year, the total of which consists of
the sum of the miles traversed by all the passengers on the road in
the period in question.</def></p>

<p><hw>Passenger mileage</hw>. <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>Passenger miles
collectively; the total number of miles traveled by passengers on a
railroad during a given period.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pas"sive bal*loon"</hw> or <hw>a"&euml;r*o*plane</hw> }.
<def>One unprovided with motive power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Passive flight</hw>. <def>Flight, such as gliding and soaring,
accomplished without the use of motive power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas*teur"i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Pasteur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas"teur*iz`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
Pasteurizes, specif. an apparatus for heating and agitating,
fluid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas`teur's" flu"id</hw> (?). <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>An artificial
nutrient fluid invented by Pasteur for the study of alcoholic
fermentation, but used also for the cultivation of bacteria and other
organisms. It contains all the elements of protoplasm, and was
originally made of the ash of yeast, some ammonia compound, sugar, and
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pas*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pastor</u>;
cf. <u>Auditorium</u>.] <def>A parsonage; -- so called in some Baptist
churches.</def> [Southern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa"ter*nos`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>An elevator of an inclined endless traveling chain or belt
bearing buckets or shelves which ascend on one side loaded, and empty
themselves at the top.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa*te"si</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Assyrian.]
<i>(Babylonian Antiq.)</i> <def>A religious as well as a secular
designation applied to rulers of some of the city states of ancient
Chaldea, as Lagash or Shirpurla, who were conceived to be direct
representatives of the tutelary god of the place.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Path`o*log"ic</hw>, <hw>Path`o*log"ic*al</hw> },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Morbid; due to disease;
abnormal; as, <i>pathological</i> tissue; a <i>pathological</i>
condition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa*thol"o*gy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
condition of an organ, tissue, or fluid produced by disease.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"thos</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
quality or character of those emotions, traits, or experiences which
are personal, and therefore restricted and evanescent; transitory and
idiosyncratic dispositions or feelings as distinguished from those
which are universal and deep-seated in character; -- opposed to
<i>ethos</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Suffering; the enduring of active stress
or affliction.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pa"ti*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In Spain, Spanish
America, etc., a court or courtyard of a house or other building;
esp., an inner court open to the sky.</def></p>

<p><hw>||P&acirc;`tis`serie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>p&acirc;tisserie</i>. See <u>Pate</u>.] <def>Pastry.</def>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pa*tol"li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Mex. <i>patolli</i>
dice.] <def>An American Indian game analogous to dice, probably
originally a method of divination.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pa"tri*ots' Day</hw>. <def>A legal holiday in the States of
Massachusetts and Maine, April 19, the anniversary of the battle of
Lexington in 1775. It was first observed in 1894.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pa*trol"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Boy
Scout</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The language or oratory
of a street peddler, conjurer, or the like, hence, glib talk; a
voluble harangue; mere talk; chatter; also, specif., rapid speech,
esp. as sometimes introduced in songs.</def> [Cant or Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Pat"tern</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>A
diagram showing the distribution of the pellets of a shotgun on a
vertical target perpendicular to the plane of fire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pat"tin*son's proc"ess</hw> (?). <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A process
of desilverizing argentiferous lead by repeated meltings and
skimmings, which concentrate the silver in the molten bath, the final
skimmings being nearly pure lad. The processwas invented in 1833 by
Hugh Lee <i>Pattinson</i>, an English metallurgist.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pax</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Friendship, or a
friend; -- esp. in the phrases <i>to make pax with</i>, to make
friends with, <i>to be good pax</i>, to be good friends; also, truce;
-- used esp. interjectionally.</def> [Eng. Schoolboy Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Pay Cerps</hw>. <def>A staff corps in the United States navy,
consisting of pay directors, pay inspectors, paymasters, passed
assistant paymasters, and assistant paymasters, having relative rank
from captain to ensign, respectively.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pay dirt</hw>, <hw>Pay rock</hw>, etc. } <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Earth, rock, etc., which yields a profit to the miner.</def>
[Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Pay"mas`ter-gen"er*al</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>In the United States army, an
officer of the rank of brigadier general, who commands the pay
department, which is charged with the payment of the officers and
men.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Nav.)</i> <def>In the United States
navy, the Chief of the Bureau of Provisions and Clothing, who has
charge of the payment of officers and men and their clothing and
subsistence. He has the rank of rear admiral.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In Great Britain, an officer of the
Treasury who makes all payments and disbursements, civil as well as
military. He is a member of the ministry, but not of the
cabinet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Payne's process</hw> (?). <def>A process for preserving timber
and rendering it incombustible by impregnating it successively with
solutions of sulphate of iron and calcium chloride in vacuo.</def> --
<wf>Payn"ize</wf>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pay streak</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The
zone, parallel to the walls of a vein, in which the ore is
concentrated, or any narrow streak of paying ore in less valuable
material.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Oil Boring)</i> <def>A stratum of oil sand
thick enough to make a well pay.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peach"blow`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Ceramics)</i>
<def>Of the delicate purplish pink color likened to that of peach
blooms; -- applied esp. to a Chinese porcelain, small specimens of
which bring great prices in the Western countries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pea"cock` Throne</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A famous throne
formerly of the kings of Delhi, India, but since 1739, when it was
carried off by Nadir Shah, held by the shahs of Persia (later Iran); -
- so called from its bearing a fully expanded peacock's tail done in
gems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>peage</i>,
<i>peak</i>, <i>peeke</i>.] [Prob. of North Amer. Indian origin.]
<def>A kind of aboriginal shell money, or wampum, of the Atlantic
coast of the United States; -- originally applied only to polished
white cylindrical beads.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pea"nut but"ter</hw>. <def>A paste made by mixing ground fresh
roasted peanuts with a small quantity of water or oil, and used
chiefly as a relish on sandwiches, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pea"vey</hw> <hw>Pea"vy</hw> } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Said to be from the inventor's name.] <i>(Lumbering)</i> <def>A cant
hook having the end of its lever armed with a spike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped`i*at"ric</hw> (p&ebreve;d`&ibreve;*&abreve;t"r&ibreve;k
<i>or</i> p&emacr;d`&ibreve;*&abreve;t"r&ibreve;k),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>pai^s</grk>, <grk>paido`s</grk>, child
+ <grk>'iatrei`a</grk> healing.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to the
care and medical treatment of children.</def><BR>
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]</p>

<p><hw>Ped`i*at"rics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That branch
of medical science which treats of the hygiene and diseases of
children.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*cure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Pedi-</i> + L.
<i>cura</i> care.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The care of the feet and
nails.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One who cares for the feet and nails; a
chiropodist.</def> -- <wf>Ped"i*cure</wf>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ped"i*cur*ism</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ped"i*cur*ist</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ped"i*gree clause</hw>. <def>A clause sometimes inserted in
contracts or specifications, requiring that a material of
construction, as cement, must be of a brand that has stood the test of
a specified number of years' use in an important public work.</def>
[Cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ped"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; ground +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument carried by a pedestrian for
automatically making a topographical record of the ground covered
during a journey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*dol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, child
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pediatrics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ped"rail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pedi-</u>;
<u>Rail</u>.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A device
intended to replace the wheel of a self-propelled vehicle for use on
rough roads and to approximate to the smoothness in running of a wheel
on a metal track. The tread consists of a number of rubber shod feet
which are connected by ball-and-socket joints to the ends of sliding
spokes. Each spoke has attached to it a small roller which in its turn
runs under a short pivoted rail controlled by a powerful set of
springs. This arrangement permits the feet to accomodate themselves to
obstacles even such as steps or stairs. The pedrail was invented by
one B. J. Diplock of London, Eng.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
vehicle, as a traction engine, having such pedrails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"dro</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From Sp. <i>Pedro</i>
Peter, L. <i>Petrus</i>, Gr. &?;.] <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The five of trumps in certain varieties of
auction pitch.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A variety of auction
pitch in which the five of trumps counts five.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peep sight</hw>. <def>An adjustable piece, pierced with a small
hole to peep through in aiming, attached to a rifle or other firearm
near the breech; -- distinguished from an <i>open sight</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Peg</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A drink of spirits, usually
whisky or brandy diluted with soda water.</def> [India]</p>

<p><blockquote>This over, the club will be visted for a "<i>peg</i>,"
Anglice drink.</blockquote>  <i>Harper's Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pei`gnoir"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>peigner</i> to comb, L. <i>pectinare</i>. See <u>Pectinate</u>.]
<def>A woman's loose dressing sack; hence, a loose morning gown or
wrapper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"le's hair</hw> (?). [After a Hawaiian goddess associated
with the crater Kilauea.] <def>Glass threads or fibers formed by the
wind from bits blown from frothy lava or from the tips of lava jets or
from bits of liquid lava thrown into the air. It often collects in
thick masses resembling tow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel"i*can State</hw>. <def>Louisiana; -- a nickname alluding to
the device on its seal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*lisse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A lady's or
child's long outer garment, of silk or other fabric.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel*lag"rous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [It.
<i>pellagroso</i>: cf. F. <i>pellagreux</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or affected with, or attendant on, pellagra; as,
<i>pellagrous</i> insanity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*lo"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After <i>Pelorus</i>,
said to have been Hannibal's pilot when he left Italy.]
<i>(Navig.)</i> <def>An instrument similar to a mariner's compass, but
without magnetic needles, and having two sight vanes by which bearings
are taken, esp. such as cannot be taken by the compass.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*lo"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., lit., ball.]
<def>A Basque, Spanish, and Spanish-American game played in a court,
in which a ball is struck with a wickerwork racket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel`tier" ef*fect"</hw> (?). [After Jean C. A. <i>Peltier</i>,
French physicist, the discoverer.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The production
or absorption of heat at the junction of two metals on the passage of
a current. Heat generated by the passage of the current in one
direction will be absorbed if the current is reversed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel`tier's" cross</hw> (?). <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A cross formed
of two strips of different metals, to illustrate the Peltier
effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel"ton wheel</hw> (?). <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A form of impulse
turbine or water wheel, consisting of a row of double cup-shaped
buckets arranged round the rim of a wheel and actuated by one or more
jets of water playing into the cups at high velocity.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*lure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., lit., peel, fr.
<i>peler</i> to peel.] <def>A crisp, hard, thin paper, sometimes used
for postage stamps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pel*vim"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Pelvis</i> +
<i>-metry</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The measurement of the
pelvis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pem"broke ta`ble</hw> (?). [From <i>Pembroke</i>, a town and
shire in Wales.] <def>A style of four-legged table in vogue in
England, chiefly in the later Georgian period.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The characteristic which gives a table the name of
<i>Pembroke</i> consists in the drop leaves, which are held up, when
the table is open, by brackets which turn under the top.</blockquote>
<i>F. C. Morse.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pem"mi*can</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A treatise of much
thought in little compass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*nang" law"yer</hw> (?). [Prob. fr. Malay <i>p&imacr;nang
l&imacr;ar</i>.] <def>A kind of walking stick made from the stem of an
East Asiatic palm (<i>Licuala acutifida</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pen`chant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Card
Playing)</i> <def>A game like b&eacute;zique, or, in the game, any
queen and jack of different suits held together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe"ne*plain`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>paene</i>,
<i>pene</i>, almost + E. <i>plain</i>.] <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>A
land surface reduced by erosion to the general condition of a plain,
but not wholly devoid of hills; a base-level plain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen*in"su*la State</hw>. <def>Florida; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pen*tath"lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In the
modern Olympic Games, a composite contest made up of a running broad
jump, throwing the javelin, a 200-meter run, throwing the discus, and
a 1500-meter run.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pen"to*san</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>-sane</hw>
(?) }. [From <u>Pentose</u>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>One of a class of
substances (complex carbohydrates widely distributed in plants, as in
fruits, gums, woods, hay, etc.) which yield pentoses on
hydrolysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pen"tose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Penta-</i> + <i>-
ose</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Any of a group of sugars of the formula
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, as arabinose; -- so called
from the five carbon atoms in the molecule. They are not fermented by
yeast.</def>
</p>

<p><! p. 2002 !></p>

<p><hw>Peo"ple's bank</hw> (?). <def>A form of co&ouml;perative bank,
such as those of Germany; -- a term loosely used for various forms of
co&ouml;perative financial institutions.</def></p>

<p><hw>People's party</hw>. <i>(U. S. Politics)</i> <def>A party
formed in 1891, advocating in an increase of the currency, public
ownership and operation of railroads, telegraphs, etc., an income tax,
limitation in ownership of land, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. E. <plw><b>-
lumus</b></plw>, L. <plw><b>-la</b></plw>. [L.] <def> A peplos. Hence:
An overskirt hanging like an ancient peplos; also, a short fitted
skirt attached to a waist or coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pep"per box`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A buttress on
the left-hand wall of a fives court as the game is played at Eton
College, England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`ca*line"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A fine
kind of cotton goods, usually of one color, and with a glossy surface,
-- much use for linings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"co*la`tor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A kind of coffee pot in which the heated water is caused to
filter through the coffee and thus extract its essence.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Pharmacy)</i> <def>An apparatus for
producing an extract from a drug by percolation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per di"em</hw> (?). [L.] <def>By the day; substantively
(chiefly U. S.), an allowance or amount of so much by the
day.</def></p>

<p><hw>||P&egrave;re</hw> (p&acirc;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
L. <i>pater</i>. See <u>Father</u>.] <def>Father; -- often used after
French proper names to distinguish a father from his son; as, Dumas
<i>p&egrave;re</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"go*la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., fr. L.
<i>pergula</i> shed, shop, vine arbor.] <def>Lit., an arbor or
bower;</def> specif.: <i>(Italian art)</i> <def>An arbor or trellis
treated architecturally, as with stone columns or similar massive
structure.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Per"go*lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.] <def>A
continuous colonnade or arcade; -- applied to the decorative groups of
windows, as in Venetian palazzi.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`i*cys*ti"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Peri-</u>, and <u>Cystitis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the tissues surrounding the bladder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*rip"ter*y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; flying
round about.] <def>The region surrounding a moving body, such as the
wing of a bird or a gliding a&euml;roplane, within which cyclic or
vortical motion of the air occur.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*rique"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Louisiana F.] <def>A
kind of tobacco with medium-sized leaf, small stem, tough and gummy
fiber, raised in Louisiana, and cured in its own juices, so as to be
very dark colored, usually black. It is marketed in tightly wrapped
rolls called carottes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"me*ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Permeant</u>.] <def>Permeation;</def> specif. <i>(Magnetism)</i>,
<def>the reciprocal of reluctance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per*mit"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>palamida</i> a kind of scombroid fish.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
large pompano (<i>Trachinotus goodei</i>) of the West Indies, Florida,
etc. It becomes about three feet long.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The round pompano. (<i>T. falcatus</i>).</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Per"mu*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>A special form of rotary converter with stationary commutator and
rotating brushes, in which the exciting field is induced by the
alternating current in a short-circuited magnetic core instead of
being produced by an external magnet.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Per*nick"et*y Per*nick"et*ty</hw> } (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Finical or fussy; full of petty details.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Per*pet"u*al cal"en*dar</hw>. <def>A calendar that can be used
perpetually or over a wide range of years. That of Capt. Herschel
covers, as given below, dates from 1750 to 1961 only, but is capable
of indefinite extension.</def></p>

<p>
<table>
<title>PERPETUAL CALENDAR</title>
<row><item>Day of the month</item><item>Jan. Oct.</item><item>Apr.
July <i>Jan.</i></item><item>Sept.
Dec.</item><item>June</item><item>Feb. Mar. Nov.</item><item>Aug.
<i>Feb.</i></item><item>May</item><item>Day of the Week</item></row>
<row><mitem><srow><item>1</item><item>8</item><item>15</item>
<item>22</item><item>29</item></srow></mitem><item></item><item></item>
<item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item>
</item></row>
<row><mitem><srow><item>2</item><item>9</item><item>16</item>
<item>23</item><item>30</item></srow></mitem><item></item><item></item>
<item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item>
<item></item></row>
<row><mitem><srow><item>3</item><item>10</item><item>17</item>
<item>24</item><item>31</item></srow></mitem><item></item><item></item>
<item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item>
<item></item></row>
<row><mitem><srow><item>4</item><item>11</item><item>18</item>
<item>25</item><item>&nbsp;</item></srow></mitem><item></item><item></item>
<item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item>
<item></item></row>
<row><mitem><srow><item>5</item><item>12</item><item>19</item>
<item>26</item><item>&nbsp;</item></srow></mitem><item></item><item></item>
<item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item>
<item></item></row>
<row><mitem><srow><item>6</item><item>13</item><item>20</item>
<item>27</item><item>&nbsp;</item></srow></mitem><item></item><item></item>
<item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item>
<item></item></row>
<row><mitem><srow><item>@7</item><item>14</item><item>21</item>
<item>28</item><item>&nbsp;</item></srow></mitem><item></item><item></item>
<item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item><item></item>
<item></item></row></table>
<mtable><row><item>To find the day of the week corresponding to any
date, find the small letter directly under the month and opposite the
day of the month; the same small letter also appears in the vertical
column that contains the number of the year, and if the line in which
it stands is followed out to the right, the day of the week is found.
Thus, the small letter under March and opposite 18 is b; b appears
again directly over 1904, and at its right is the word <i>Friday</i>.
March 18 fell on Friday in 1904, and also in 1898, 1892, etc.  The
calendar has other uses, as for finding the months which begin on
Sunday in  a particular year, etc.</item><item><table>
|1753  |1754   |1755   |1750   |1751   |1757   |*1752
|1759  |1765   |*1760  |1761   |*1756  |1763
|1758</table></item></row>
</mtable></p>

<p><hw>Per"ron</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Arch.)</i>
<def>An out-of-door flight of steps, as in a garden, leading to a
terrace or to an upper story; -- usually applied to medi&aelig;vel or
later structures of some architectural pretensions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"se*id</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <u>Perseus</u>.]
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>One of a group of shooting stars appearing
annually about the 10th of August. They are probably fragments of
Swift's comet 1862 (III).</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"si*co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>=
<u>Persicot</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`si*enne"</hw> (p&etilde;r`s&ibreve;*&ebreve;n"; -
sh&ibreve;*&ebreve;n"; <i>F.</i> p&etilde;r`sy&ebreve;n"),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [F., fem. of <i>presien</i> Persian.]
<def>Properly, printed calico, whether Oriental or of fanciful design
with flowers, etc., in Western work. Hence, as extended in English,
material of a similar character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per`si*ennes"</hw> (-&ebreve;nz"; <i>F.</i>
p&etilde;r`sy&ebreve;n"), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Window
blinds having movable slats, similar to Venetian blinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Per"sism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Ancient Persian
religion, esp. as represented by the Magi.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This system we shall call <i>'Persism'</i>, in order to
free ourselves of the popular associations still connected with such
terms as magism, Parseeism, and so forth; meaning by <i>'Persism'</i>
the teaching of Zarathustra as it affected the Greek and Latin
world.</blockquote>  <i>E. Vernon Arnold.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*tite"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fem. of
<i>petit</i>.] <def>Small, little; of a woman or girl, of small size
and trim figure.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pe*tit" mal"</hw> (?). [F., lit., little sickness.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>The mildest form of epilepsy, with momentary
faintness or unconsciousness, but without convulsions; -- opposed to
<i>grand mal</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pe*tune"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Petuned</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Petuning</u>.] [See <u>Petunia</u>.] <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>To spray
(tobacco) with a liquid intended to produce flavor or aroma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan"ar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. <i>fanar</i>, fr.
NGr. &?; lighthouse, Gr. &?; lantern; -- from a lighthouse on a point
projecting into the Golden Horn.] <def>A quarter of Constantinople
which, after the Turkish conquest of the city, became the chief Greek
quarter; hence, the Greek officials of Turkey, or phanariots, as a
class.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pha*nar"i*ot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Pha*nar"i*ote</hw> (?)}. [NGr. &?;, fr. <i>Phanar</i>. See
<u>Phanar</u>.] <def>One of the Greeks of Constantinople who after the
Turkish conquest became powerful in clerical and other offices under
Turkish patronage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phan"tom</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Being, or of the
nature of, a phantom.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Phantom</i> isles are floating in the
skies.</blockquote>  <i>B. Taylor.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phantom circuit</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The equivalent of an
additional circuit or wire, in reality not existing, obtained by
certain arrangements of real circuits, as in some multiplex telegraph
systems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phar`ma*co*dy*man"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
drug + E. <i>dynamics</i>.] <def>That branch of pharmacology which
treats of the action and the effects of medicines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phase</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Phys. Chem.)</i> <def>A homogenous, physically distinct portion of
matter in a system not homogeneous; as, the three <i>phases</i>, ice,
water, and aqueous vapor. A phase may be either a single chemical
substance or  a mixture, as of gases.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>In certain birds and
mammals, one of two or more color variations characteristic of the
species, but independent of the ordinary seasonal and sexual
differences, and often also of age. Some of the herons which appear in
white and colored phases, and certain squirrels which are sometimes
uniformly blackish instead of the usual coloration, furnish examples.
Color phases occur also in other animals, notably in
butterflies.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The relation at any instant
of a periodically varying electric magnitude, as electro-motive force,
a current, etc., to its initial value as expressed in factorial parts
of the complete cycle. It is usually expressed in angular measure, the
cycle beb four right angles, or 360&deg;. Such periodic variations are
generally well represented by sine curves; and phase relations are
shown by the relative positions of the crests and hollows of such
curves. Magnitudes which have the same phase are said to be <i>in
phase</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phase</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Feeze</u>.]
<def>To disturb the composure of; to disconcert; to nonplus.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Phase angle</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The angle expressing
phase relation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phase converter</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A machine for
converting an alternating current into an alternating current of a
different number of phases and the same frequency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phase displacement</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A charge of phase
whereby an alternating current attains its maximum later or earlier.
An inductance would cause a lag, a capacity would cause an advance, in
phase.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phase meter</hw>, or <hw>Phase"me`ter</hw> },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A device for measuring the
difference in phase of two alternating currents of electromotive
forces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phase rule</hw>. <i>(Phys. Chem.)</i> <def>A generalization
with regard to systems of chemical equilibrium, discovered by Prof. J.
Willard Gibbs. It may be stated thus: <i>The degree of variableness
(number of degrees of freedom) of a system is equal to the number of
components minus the number of phases, plus two</i>. Thus, if the
components be salt and water, and the phases salt, ice, saturated
solution, and vapor, the system is invariant, that is, there is only
one set of conditions under which these four phases can exist in
equilibrium. If only three phases be considered, the system is
univariant, that is, the fixing of one condition, as temperature,
determines the others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phase splitter</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A device by which a
single-phase current is split into two or more currents differing in
phase. It is used in starting single-phase induction motors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phase splitting</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The dephasing of the
two parts of a single alternating current in two dissimilar branches
of a given circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phas"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to phase or differences of phase.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phasing current</hw>. <def>The momentary current between two
alternating-current generators when juxtaposed in parallel and not
agreeing exactly in phase or period.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phasing transformer</hw>. <def>Any of several transformers
(there must be at least two) for changing phase.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Phe*nac"e*tin</hw>, <hw>Phe*nac"e*tine</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Phen</i>yl + <i>acet</i>ic + <i>-in</i>.]
<i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A white, crystalline compound,
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>13</sub>O<sub>2</sub>N, used in medicine
principally as an antipyretic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe*nal"gin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Phen</i>yl +
an<i>alg</i>etic + <i>-in</i>.] <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>An ammoniated
compound of phenyl and acetamide, used as an analgesic and
antipyretic. It resembles phenacetin in its therapeutic
action.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe"no*cryst</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; to appear
+ &?; crystal.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>One of the prominent embedded
crystals of a porphyry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phe*nol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Contracted from
<u>Phenomenology</u>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The science of the
relations between climate and periodic biological phenomena, as the
migrations and breeding of birds, the flowering and fruiting of
plants, etc.</def> -- <wf>Phe`no*log"ic*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Phe`no*log"ic*al*ly</wf>,
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> -- <wf>Phe*nol"o*gist</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Phe`nol*phthal"e*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <i>or</i>
<hw>Phenol phthalein</hw>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A white or yellowish
white crystalline substance,
C<sub>20</sub>H<sub>14</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, formed by condensation of
the anhydride of phthalic acid and phenol. Its solution in alkalies is
brilliant red, but is decolorized by acids. This reaction, being very
delicate, is used as an indicator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phi*la"the*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Coined from Gr.
&?; loving + &?; truth.] <def>An international, interdenominational
organization of Bible classes of young women.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phil`har*mon"ic</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who loves
harmony or music;</def> also (Colloq.), <def>short for <i>Philharmonic
Society</i>, <i>concert</i>, <i>assemblage</i>, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phleg"e*thon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
prop. p.pr. of &?; to blaze.] <i>(Class Myth.)</i> <def>One of the
principal rivers of Hades, in the channel of which fire flowed instead
of water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Fierce <i>Phlegethon</i>,<BR>
Whose waves of torrent fire inflame with rage.</blockquote>
<i>Milton.</i></p>

<p><hw>Phone</hw>, <pos><i>n. &amp; v. t.</i></pos> <def>Colloq. for
<u>Telephone</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phos"phine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Dyeing)</i>
<def>Chrysaniline, often in the form of a salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phosphorus steel</hw>. <def>A steel in which the amount of
phosphorus exceeds that of carbon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, light.]
<def>Of or pert. to light; specif., relating to the production of
light by the lower animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Photic region</hw>. <i>(Phytogeography)</i> <def>The uppermost
zone of the sea, which receives the most light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; illumination.]
<i>(Psycol.)</i> <def>A luminous image or appearance of a
hallucinatory character.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pho`to*bac*te"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Photo-</u>, and <u>Bacterium</u>.] <i>(Bacteriol.)</i> <def>A genus
including certain comma-shaped marine bacteria which emit bluish or
greenish phosphorescence. Also, any micro&ouml;rganism of this
group.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*ce*ram"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Art or
process of decorating pottery with photographically prepared
designs.</def> -- <wf>Pho`to*ce*ram"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*chro*mog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Photo-</i> + Gr. &?; color + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>Art or process
of printing colored photographs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*chro"mo*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Photo-
</i> + Gr. &?; color + <i>-scope</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
device for giving shifting effects of color to a photograph. The
unmounted print, made translucent, is illuminated from behind with
colored light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A combination of three optical lanterns
for projecting objects on a screen in the colors of nature. The images
of three partial photographs taken through color screens (red, green,
and blue, respectively) are superimposed. Each image is given its own
primary color, and these colors blend and reproduce the colors of the
object.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*chro"mo*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Photo-
</i> + Gr. &?; color + <i>-type</i>.] <def>A colored print made
photomechanically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*chro"mo*type</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To
represent by a colored print made by any photomechanical
process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*chro"mo*typ`y</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
art of making photochromotypes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*chron"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Photo-
</i> + <i>chronograph</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>An instrument for recording minute intervals of time. The record
is made by the power of a magnetic field, due to an electric signaling
current, to turn the plane of polarization of light. A flash,
coinciding in time and duration with the signal, is thus produced and
is photographed on a moving plate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>An instrument for the
photographic recording of star transits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*chro*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Art
of recording or measuring intervals of time by the
photochronograph.</def> -- <wf>Pho`to*chron`o*graph"ic</wf> (#), <wf>-
graph"ic*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>-
graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*dy*nam"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Photo-
</i> + <i>dynamics</i>.] <i>(Plant Physiol.)</i> <def>The relation of
light to the movements of plants and their organs; the study of the
phenomena of curvatures induced by the stimulus of light.</def> --
<wf>Pho`to*dy*nam"ic</wf> (#), <wf>Pho`to*dy*nam"ic*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pho`to-e*lec"tric</hw>, <hw>Pho`to-e*lec"tric*al</hw> },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pert. to, or capable of developing, photo-
electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Photo-electric cell</hw>. <def>A cell (as one of two electrodes
embedded in selenium) which by exposure to light generates an electric
current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to-e*lec*tric"i*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Photo-
</i> + <i>electricity</i>.] <def>Electricity produced by
light.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to-e*lec"tro*graph</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Photo-</u>; <u>Electrograph</u>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>An
electrometer registering by photography.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2003 !></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to-en*grave"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Photo-engraved</u> (?); <pos><i>p.
pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Photo-engraving</u>.] [<i>Photo-</i> +
<i>engrave</i>.] <def>To engrave by a photomechanical process; to make
a photo-engraving of.</def> -- <wf>Pho`to-en*grav"er</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to-etch"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Photo-etched</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Photo-etching</u>.] [<i>Photo-</i> + <i>etch</i>.]
<def>To engrave, or make an engraving of, by any photomechanical
process involving etching of the plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to-etch"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A photo-
engraving produced by any process involving the etching of the
plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*gram"me*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Photogram</u>; <u>-meter</u>.] <def>A phototheodolite, or a camera
designed for use in photogrammetry.</def> --
<wf>Pho`to*gram*met"ric</wf> (#), <wf>Pho`to*gram*met"ric*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*gram"me*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Photogram</i> + <i>metry</i>.] <def>A method of surveying or map
making by photography, used also in determining the height and motions
of clouds, sea waves, and the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tog"ra*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Photograph</u>; <u>-phone</u>.] <def>A device, consisting
essentially of an electric arc and a camera, by which a series of
photographs of the variations of the arc due to sound waves are
obtained for reproduction by means of a selenium cell and a
telephone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*he`li*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Photo-</i> + <i>heliometer</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A double-
lens instrument for measuring slight variations of the sun's diameter
by photography, utilizing the common chord of two overlapping
images.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*lu`mi*nes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Photo-</i> + <i>luminescent</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Luminescent by exposure to light waves.</def> --
<wf>Pho`to*lu`mi*nes"cence</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pho*tom`e*tri"cian</hw> (?), <hw>Pho*tom"e*trist</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A specialist in photometry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*mez"zo*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Photo-
</i> + It. <i>mezzo</i> middle, half + <i>-type</i>.] <def>A
photomechanical process similar to collotype.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*neph"o*graph</hw> (-n&ebreve;f"&osl;*gr&adot;f),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Photo-</i> + Gr. <grk>ne`fos</grk> a cloud +
<i>-graph</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A nephoscope registering by
photography, commonly consisting of a pair of cameras used
simultaneously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*toph"i*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Photo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; loving.] <i>(Phytogeog.)</i> <def>Light-loving; growing in
strong light, as many plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Photo-</i> +
Gr. &?; to bear.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A form of
endoscope using an electric light.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A light-emitting
organ; specif., one of the luminous spots on certain marine (mostly
deep-sea) fishes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*play`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A play for
representation or exhibition by moving pictures; also, the moving-
picture representation of a play.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho"to*print`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any print
made by a photomechanical process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*syn"the*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Plant
Physiol.)</i> <def>The process of constructive metabolism by which
carbohydrates are formed from water vapor and the carbon dioxide of
the air in the chlorophyll-containing tissues of plants exposed to the
action of light. It was formerly called <i>assimilation</i>, but this
is now commonly used as in animal physiology. The details of the
process are not yet clearly known. Baeyer's theory is that the carbon
dioxide is reduced to carbon monoxide, which, uniting with the
hydrogen of the water in the cell, produces formaldehyde, the latter
forming various sugars through polymerization. Vines suggests that the
carbohydrates are secretion products of the chloroplasts, derived from
decomposition of previously formed proteids. The food substances are
usually quickly translocated, those that accumulate being changed to
starch, which appears in the cells almost simultaneously with the
sugars. The chloroplasts perform photosynthesis only in light and
within a certain range of temperature, varying according to climate.
This is the only way in which a plant is able to organize
carbohydrates. All plants without a chlorophyll apparatus, as the
fungi, must be parasitic or saprophytic.</def> --
<wf>Pho`to*syn*thet"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pho`to*syn*thet"ic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Pho`to*tax"is</hw> (?), <hw>Pho"to*tax`y</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. <i>phototaxis</i>; <i>photo-</i> + Gr. &?;
an arranging.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The influence of light on the
movements of low organisms, as various infusorians, the zo&ouml;spores
of certain alg&aelig;, etc.; also, the tendency to follow definite
directions of motion or assume definite positions under such
influence. If the migration is toward the source of light, it is
termed <col><b>positive phototaxis</b></col>; if away from the light,
<col><b>negative phototaxis</b></col>.</def> --
<wf>Pho`to*tac"tic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pho`to*tac"tic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*te*leg"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Telegraphy by means of light, as by the heliograph or the
photophone. Also, less properly, telephotography.</def> --
<wf>Pho`to*tel"e*graph</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pho`to*tel`e*graph"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*tel"e*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A telescope adapted for taking photographs of
the heavenly bodies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*the*od"o*lite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
arrangement of two photographic cameras, the plates of which may be
brought into exactly the same plane, used in surveying and map making.
From the differences between two pictures taken at the same moment,
measurements in all dimensions of the region may be
obtained.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*ther"a*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The application of light for therapeutic purposes, esp. for
treating diseases of the skin.</def> -- <wf>Pho`to*the*rap"ic</wf>
(#), <wf>Pho`to*ther`a*peu"tic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*ther"mic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to both light and heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tot"o*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i>
<def>An irritable condition of protoplasm, resulting in movement, due
to a certain intensity of light.</def> -- <wf>Pho`to*ton"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*to*pog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Photogrammetry.</def> -- <wf>Pho`to*top`o*graph"ic</wf> (#),
<wf>Pho`to*top`o*graph"ic*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*tri`chro*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Photo-</i> + <i>tri-</i> + <i>chromatic</i>.] <def>Designating a
photomechanical process for making reproductions in natural colors by
three printings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho*tot"ro*pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Photo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; to turn.] <i>(Plant Physiol.)</i> <def>The tendency of
growing plant organs to move or curve under the influence of light. In
ordinary use the term is practically synonymous with
heliotropism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pho`to*vis"u*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Optics)</i>
<def>Of certain achromatic lenses, having the same focus for the
actinic and for the brightest of the visual rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phryg"i*an cap`</hw> (?). <def>A close-fitting cap represented
in Greek art as worn by Orientals, assumed to have been conical in
shape. It has been adopted in modern art as the so-called <i>liberty
cap</i>, or <i>cap of liberty</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Phy`co*my*ce"tes</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr.
&?; seaweed + <i>mycetes</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A large, important
class of parasitic or saprophytic fungi, the algal or algalike fungi.
The plant body ranges from an undifferentiated mass of protoplasm to a
well-developed and much-branched mycelium. Reproduction is mainly
sexual, by the formation of conidia or sporangia; but the group shows
every form of transition from this method through simple conjugation
to perfect sexual reproduction by egg and sperm in the higher
forms.</def> -- <wf>Phy`co*my*ce"tous</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Phy"lum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
series of animals or plants genetically connected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Phys`i*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
descriptive part of a natural science as distinguished from the
explanatory or theoretic part; as, mineral
<i>physiography</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi</hw> (p&imacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>pi^</grk>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A Greek letter (&PI;, &pi;) corresponding to
the Roman letter <u>P</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Specif.: <i>(Math.)</i> The letter &PI;,
&pi;, as used to denote the number or quotient approximately
expressing the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter;
also, the quotient or the ratio itself. The value of the quotient
<i>pi</i>, to eight decimal places, is 3.14159265. The quotient
<i>pi</i> cannot be expressed as a root of an algebraic equation; and
from this fact follows the impossibility of the quadrature of the
circle by purely algebraic processes, or by the aid of a ruler and
compass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pick"-me-up`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A stimulant,
restorative, or tonic; a bracer.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Pick"-up</hw>, or <hw>Pick"up`</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Colloq., Cant. or Slang] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act of picking up,
as, in various games, the fielding or hitting of a ball just after it
strikes the ground.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>That which picks up;</def> specif.:
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>= <u>Brush</u> <b>b</b>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>One that is picked up, as a meal hastily
got up for the occasion, a chance acquaintance, an informal game,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi`cot"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>One of many
small loops, as of thread, forming an ornamental border, as on a
ribbon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pic"ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Animated
picture</b></col>, <cd>a moving picture.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pierre`-per`du"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>pierre
perdue</i> lost stone.] <def>Blocks of stone or concrete heaped
loosely in the water to make a foundation (as for a sea wall), a mole,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pif"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Piffled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Piffling</u> (?).] <def>To be sequeamish or delicate; hence, to act
or talk triflingly or ineffectively; to twaddle; piddle.</def> [Dial.
or Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Pif"fle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of piffling;
trifling talk or action; piddling; twaddle.</def> [Dial. or Slang]
"Futile <i>piffle</i>." <i>Kipling</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Pi"geon*wing`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A wing of a pigeon, or a wing like it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An old mode of dressing men's side hair in
a form likened to a pigeon's wings; also, a wig similarly
shaped.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Dancing)</i> <def>A fancy step executed by
jumping and striking the legs together; as, to cut a
<i>pigeonwing</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>A certain fancy figure in
skating.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn>  <i>(Tempering)</i> <def>A color, brown shaded
with purple, coming between dark brown and light blue in the table of
colors in drawing the temper of hardened steel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pig"skin`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A football; -- so
called because the covering is often made of pigskin.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Pil"low lace</hw>. <def>Lace made by hand with bobbins on a
pillow.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi*lon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., sugar loaf.]
[Sp. Amer.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A conical loaf of sugar.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A gratuity given by tradesmen to customers
settling their accounts.</def> [Southern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Pi*lon"ce</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Amer. Sp. See
<u>Piloncillo</u>.] <def>Same as <u>Pilon</u>.</def> [Texas]</p>

<p><hw>||Pi`lon*cil"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Amer. Sp., dim.
of <i>pilon</i>.] <def>Same as <u>Pilon</u>.</def> [Texas]</p>

<p><hw>Pi"lot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>One who flies, or is qualified to fly,
a balloon, an airship, or a flying machine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A short plug at the end of
a counterbore to guide the tool. Pilots are sometimes made
interchangeable.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Mining)</i> <def>The heading or excavation
of relatively small dimensions, first made in the driving of a larger
tunnel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi"lot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>To fly, or act as pilot of (an aircraft).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pilot balloon</hw>. <def>A small, unmanned balloon sent up to
indicate the direction of air currents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pilot flag</hw>. <def>The flag hoisted at the fore by a vessel
desiring a pilot, in the United States the union jack, in Great
Britain the British union jack with a white border.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pilot lamp</hw> or <hw>light</hw>  }. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
small incandescent telltale lamp on a dynamo or battery circuit to
show approximately by its brightness the voltage of the
current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pilot valve</hw>. <i>(Hydraulics)</i> <def>A small hand-
operated valve to admit liquid to operate a valve difficult to turn by
hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pilot wheel</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A wheel, usually with
radial handles projecting from the rim, for traversing the saddle of a
machine tool, esp. an automatic machine tool, by hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pil"pul</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Aramaic
<i>pilp&umacr;l</i>; cf. Heb. <i>pilpel</i> to spice, to season,
dispute violently.] <def>Among the Jews, penetrating investigation,
disputation, and drawing of conclusions, esp. in Talmudic study.</def>
-- <wf>Pil"pul*ist</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pil`pul*is"tic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pi*mien"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>The
Spanish sweet pepper, the fruit of which is used as a vegetable, to
stuff olives, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pim*o"la</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An olive stuffed
with a kind of sweet red pepper, or pimiento.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pi`&ntilde;a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., orig.,
pineapple, pine cone.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
pineapple.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pi&ntilde;a cloth or the
fiber of which it is made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  Also <hw>Pi"na</hw> (<i>pron. also</i> &?;).
<i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A cone of silver amalgam prepared for retorting;
also, the residuary cone of spongy silver left after the
retorting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin`a*ca"te bug</hw> (?). [Orig. uncert.] <def>Any of several
clumsy, wingless beetles of the genus <i>Eleodes</i>, found in the
Pacific States.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi`&ntilde;a cloth</hw> (?). [See <u>Pi&ntilde;a</u>.] <def>A
fine fabric for scarfs, handkerchiefs, embroidery, etc., woven from
the fiber obtained from the leaf of the sterile pineapple plant. It is
delicate, soft, and transparent, with a tinge of pale
yellow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pinch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To seize by way of
theft; to steal; also, to catch; to arrest.</def> [Slang]  <i>Robert
Barr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pine-tree State</hw>. <def>Maine; -- a nickname alluding to the
pine tree in its coat of arms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"-fire`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i>
<def>Having a firing pin to explode the cartridge; as, a <i>pin-
fire</i> rifle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ping"-pong`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Imitative.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An indoor modification of lawn tennis played
with small bats, or battledores, and a very light, hollow, celluloid
ball, on a large table divided across the middle by a net.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A size of photograph a little larger than
a postage stamp.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ping"-pong`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To play ping-
pong.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin`gue*fac"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pinguefacere</i>, <i>pinguefactum</i>, to fatten; <i>pinguis</i>
fat + <i>facere</i> to make.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A making of, or
turning into, fat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin*ta"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fish
(<i>Scomberomorus regalis</i>) similar to, but larger than, the
Spanish mackerel, and having elongated spots, common about Florida and
the West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Sp., painted.]
<def>Lit., painted; hence, piebald; mottled; pied.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pin"to</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any pied animal; esp., a
pied or "painted" horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pintsch gas</hw> (?). [After Richard <i>Pintsch</i>, German
inventor.] <def>A kind of oil gas extensively used for lighting
railroad cars, which carry it in compressed form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi`o*neers'" Day</hw> (?). <def>In Utah, a legal holiday, July
24, commemorated the arrival, in 1847, of Brigham Young and his
followers at the present site of Salt Lake City.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pipe line</hw>. <def>A line of pipe with pumping machinery and
apparatus for conveying liquids, esp. petroleum, between distant
points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pipe"-line`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To convey by a
pipe line; to furnish with a pipe line or pipe lines.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pi*per"a*zine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>-
zin</hw>  }. [<i>Piper</i>idine + <i>az</i>ote + <i>-ine</i>.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline substance,
(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>NH)<sub>2</sub>, formed by action of
ammonia on ethylene bromide, by reduction of pyrazine, etc. It is a
strong base, and is used as a remedy for gout.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pipe"vine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any climbing
species of <i>Aristolochia</i>; esp., the Dutchman's pipe (<i>A.
sipho</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Pipe"wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An ericaceous
shrub (<i>Leucotho&euml; acuminata</i>) of the southern United States,
from the wood of which pipe bowls are made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis*tache"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OE. <i>pistace</i>,
fr. F. <i>pistache</i>. See <u>Pistachio</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The
anacardiaceous tree <i>Pistacia vera</i>, which yields the pistachio
nut; also, the nut itself and the flavoring extract prepared from
it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis*ta"chio</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The small anacardiaceous tree, of southern Europe and Asia Minor,
which bears the pistachio nut.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>The flavor of the
pistachio nut, or an ice or confection flavored with it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Pistachio green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pistachio green</hw>. <def>A light yellowish green color
resembling that of the pistachio nut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pis"ton ring</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A spring packing ring,
or any of several such rings, for a piston.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pitch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The
distance between symmetrically arranged or corresponding parts of an
armature, measured along a line, called the <i>pitch line</i>, drawn
around its length. Sometimes half of this distance is called the
pitch.</def></p>

<p><col><b>Pitch of poles</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>the distance
between a pair of poles of opposite sign.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Pith`e*can*thro"pus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; Gr.
&?; ape + &?; man.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A hypothetical genus of
primates intermediate between man and the anthropoid apes.</def>
<i>Haeckel.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A genus consisting of an primate (<i>P.
erectus</i>) apparently intermediate between man and the existing
anthropoid apes, known from bones of a single individual found in Java
(hence called <i>Java man</i>) in 1891-92. These bones include a thigh
bone of the human type, two molar teeth intermediate between those of
man and the anthropoids, and the calvaria of the skull, indicating a
brain capacity of about 900 cubic centimeters, and resembling in form
that of the Neanderthal man.</def> Also [<i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
thropi</b></plw> (&?;)], <def>an animal of this genus.</def> --
<wf>Pith`e*can"thrope</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Pith`e*can"thro*poid</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pit"ter-pat`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sound
like that of alternating light beats. Also, a pattering of
words.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2004 !></p>

<p><hw>Pit"ter-pat`ter</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>With, or with
the sound of, alternating light beats; as, his heart went <i>pitter-
patter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pi*tu"i*trin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A substance or extract from the pituitary
body.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pit`y*ri"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Veter.)</i>
<def>A disease of domestic animals characterized by dry epithelial
scales, and due to digestive disturbances and alteration of the
function of the sebaceous glands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Place</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Racing)</i> <def>The
position of first, second, or third at the finish, esp. the second
position. In betting, to win a bet on a horse for <i>place</i> it
must, in the United States, finish first or second, in England,
usually, first, second, or third.</def></p>

<p><hw>Place</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Racing)</i> <def>To determine or announce the place of at the
finish. Usually, in horse racing only the first three horses are
<i>placed</i> officially.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Rugby Football)</i> <def>To place-kick ( a
goal).</def></p>

<p><hw>Place"-kick`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To make a
place kick; to make (a goal) by a place kick.</def> -- <wf>Place"-
kick`er</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Plane</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Of a boat, to lift
more or less out of the water while in motion, after the manner of a
hydroplane; to hydroplane.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Plank"ton</hw> (pl&abreve;&nsm;k"t&obreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. <grk>plagto`n</grk>, neut. of
<grk>plagto`s</grk> wandering, <grk>pla`zesqai</grk> to wander.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>All the animals and plants, taken collectively,
which live at or near the surface of salt or fresh waters.</def> --
<wf>Plank*ton"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Plan"o*ga*mete`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
wandering + E. <i>gamete</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>One of the motile
ciliated gametes, or zo&ouml;gametes, found in isogamous plants, as
many green alg&aelig; (Chlorophyce&aelig;).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pla`quette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., dim. of
<i>plaque</i> plate, plaque. See <u>Plaque</u>.] <def>A small plaque,
esp., in modern medal engraving, a small and delicate bas-relief,
whether cast or struck from a die, or of form other than
circular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plas"mon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Plasma</u>.]
<def>A flourlike food preparation made from skim milk, and consisting
essentially of the unaltered proteid of milk. It is also used in
making biscuits and crackers, for mixing with cocoa, etc. A mixture of
this with butter, water, and salt is called <hw>Plasmon butter</hw>,
and resembles clotted cream in appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Baseball)</i> <def>A small five-sided area (enveloping a diamond-
shaped area one foot square) beside which the batter stands and which
must be touched by some part of a player on completing a run; --
called also <i>home base</i>, or <i>home plate</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One of the thin parts of the bricket of an
animal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A very light steel racing
horsehoe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>Loosely, a sporting contest for a prize;
specif., in horse racing, a race for a prize, the contestants not
making a stake.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn>  <def>Skins for fur linings of garments, sewed
together and roughly shaped, but not finally cut or fitted.</def>
[Furrier's Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn>  <i>(Hat Making)</i> <def>The fine nap (as of
beaver, hare's wool, musquash, nutria, or English black wool) on a hat
the body of which is of an inferior substance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plat"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Horse Racing)</i>
<def>A horse that runs chiefly in plate, esp. selling-plate, races;
hence, an inferior race horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Play</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> -- <col><b>To play
hob</b></col>, <cd>to play the part of a mischievous spirit; to work
mischief.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Plebs</hw> (pl&ebreve;bz), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. Cf.
<u>Plebe</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The commonalty of ancient Rome
who were citizens without the usual political rights; the plebeians; -
- distinguished from the <i>patricians</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Hence, the common people; the populace; --
construed as a pl.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ple"num</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ventilation)</i>
<def>A condition, as in an occupied room, in which the pressure of the
air is greater than that of the outside atmosphere; as, a
<i>plenum</i> may exist in a hall ventilated by a fan
blower.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plex"us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A network; an
intricate or interwoven combination of elements or parts in a coherent
structure.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>In the perception of a tree the reference to an object
is circumscribed and directed by a <i>plexus</i> of visual and other
presentations.</blockquote>  <i>G. F. Stout.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plop</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Plopped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Plopping</u>.] [Imitative.] <def>To fall, drop, or move in any way,
with a sudden splash or slap, as on the surface of water.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The body <i>plopped</i> up, turning on its
side.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of plopping; the sound
made in plopping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plout"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Also
<i>plowter</i>, <i>plotter</i>.] [Perh. imitative.] <def>To wade or
move about with splashing; to dabble; also, to potter; trifle;
idle.</def> [Scot. &amp; Dial. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>I did not want to <i>plowter</i> about any
more.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plout"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>plowter</i>.]
<def>Act of ploutering; floundering; act or sound of splashing.</def>
[Scot. &amp; Dial.Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Pl&uuml;ck"er tube</hw> (?). [So named after Julius
<i>Pl&uuml;cker</i>, a German physicist.] <i>(Physics)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A vacuum tube, used in spectrum analysis, in
which the part through which the discharge takes place is a capillary
tube, thus producing intense incandescence of the contained
gases.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Crookes tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Breech
plug</b></col> <i>(Gun.)</i>, <cd>in breech-loading guns, the metal
plug or cylinder which closes the aperture in the breech, through
which the gun is loaded.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Plug board</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A switchboard in which
connections are made by means of plugs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plum</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something likened to a
plum in desirableness; a good or choice thing of its kind, as among
appointments, positions, parts of a book, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plum"cot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Plum</i> +
apri<i>cot</i>.] <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A cross between the plum and
apricot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plump</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Done or made plump,
or suddenly and without reservation; blunt; unreserved; direct;
downright.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>After the <i>plump</i> statement that the author was at
Erceldoune and spake with Thomas.</blockquote>  <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Plunk</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Imitative.] [Chiefly
Colloq.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To pluck and release quickly (a
musical string); to twang.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To throw, push, drive heavily, plumply, or
suddenly; as, to <i>plunk</i> down a dollar; also, to hit or
strike.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To be a truant from (school).</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Plunk</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [Chiefly Colloq.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a quick, hollow, metallic, or harsh
sound, as by pulling hard on a taut string and quickly releasing it;
of a raven, to croak.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To drop or sink down suddenly or heavily;
to plump.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To play truant, or "hooky".</def>
[Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Plunk</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Act or
sound of plunking.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  [Slang] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A large sum of
money.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A dollar.</def> [U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Plu"vi*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pluvia</i>
rain + <i>-graph</i>.] <def>A self-registering rain gauge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`vi*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pluvia</i> rain + <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>The branch of meteorology
treating of the automatic registration of the precipitation of rain,
snow, etc.; also, the graphic presentation of precipitation
data.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu`vi*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pluvia</i> rain + <i>-metry</i>.] <def>That department of
meteorology that treats of the measurement of the precipitation of
rain, snow, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Plu"vi*o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pluvia</i>
rain + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>A rain gauge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pneu*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A vehicle, as a
bicycle, the wheels of which are fitted with pneumatic
tires.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pneu*mat"ic</hw>, <hw>Pneu*mat"ic*al</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted for containing compressed air;
inflated with air; as, a <i>pneumatic</i> cushion; a <i>pneumatic</i>
tire, a tire formed of an annular tube of flexible fabric, as India
rubber, suitable for being inflated with air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pock"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any hollow place
suggestive of a pocket in form or use;</def> specif.:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bin for storing coal, grain, etc.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A socket for receiving the foot of a post,
stake, etc.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A bight on a lee
shore.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pocket veto</hw>. <def>The retention by the President of the
United States of a bill unsigned so that it does not become a law, in
virtue of the following constitutional provision (<i>Const</i>. Art.
I., sec. 7, cl. 2): "If any bill shall not be returned by the
President within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been
presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had
signed it, unless the Congress by their adjournment prevent its
return, in which case it shall not be a law." Also, an analogous
retention of a bill by a State governor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"ets' Cor"ner</hw> (?). <def>An angle in the south transept
of Westminster Abbey, London; -- so called because it contains the
tombs of Chaucer, Spenser, Dryden, Ben Jonson, Gray, Tennyson,
Browning, and other English poets, and memorials to many buried
elsewhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pog`a*mog"gan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [North Amer.
Indian.] <def>An aboriginal weapon consisting of a stone or piece of
antler fastened to the end of a slender wooden handle, used by
American Indians from the Great Plains to the Mackenzie
River.</def></p>

<p><hw>Point</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A pointed piece of quill or bone covered at one end
with vaccine matter; -- called also <i>vaccine point</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One of the raised dots used in certain
systems of printing and writing for the blind. The first practical
system was that devised by Louis Braille in 1829, and still used in
Europe (see <u>Braille</u>). Two modifications of this are current in
the United States: <col><b>New York point</b></col> founded on three
bases of equidistant points arranged in two lines (viz., : :: :::),
and a later improvement, <col><b>American Braille</b></col>, embodying
the Braille base (:::) and the New-York-point principle of using the
characters of few points for the commonest letters.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  In technical senses: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>In various games, a position of a certain player, or, by
extension, the player himself;</def> as: (1) <i>(Lacrosse &amp; Ice
Hockey)</i> <def>The position of the player of each side who stands a
short distance in front of the goal keeper; also, the player
himself.</def> (2) <i>(Baseball)</i> (<i>pl.</i>) <def>The position of
the pitcher and catcher.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Hunting)</i>
<def>A spot to which a straight run is made; hence, a straight run
from point to point; a cross-country run.</def> [Colloq. Oxf. E. D.]
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Falconry)</i> <def>The perpendicular rising of
a hawk over the place where its prey has gone into cover.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>Act of pointing, as of the foot downward in
certain dance positions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Point alphabet</hw>. <def>An alphabet for the blind with a
system of raised points corresponding to letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Point appliqu&eacute;</hw>. <def>Lace having a needle-made
design applied to a net ground, this ground often being machine-
made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Point switch</hw>. <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A switch made up of
a rail from each track, both rails being tapered far back and
connected to throw alongside the through rail of either
track.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poison bush</hw>. In Australia: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any
fabaceous shrub of the genus <i>Gastrolobium</i>, the herbage of which
is poisonous to stock; also, any species of several related genera, as
<i>Oxylobium</i>, <i>Gompholobium</i>, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The plant <i>Myoporum deserti</i>, often distinguished as
<i>Ellangowan poison bush</i> or <i>dogwood poison bush</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The ulmaceous plant <i>Trema cannabina</i>,
which, though not poisonous, is injurious to stock because of its
large amount of fiber.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poison cup</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A cup containing
poison.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A cup that was supposed to break on having
poison put into it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poker dice</hw>. <def>A game played with five dice in which the
count is usually made, in order, by pairs, two pairs, three of a kind,
full houses, four of a kind, and five of a kind (the highest throw),
similar to poker; also, the dice used in this game, esp. when marked
with the ace, king, queen, jack, ten, and nine instead of the usual
digits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Police power</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>The inherent power of a
government to regulate its police affairs.</def> The term <i>police
power</i> is not definitely fixed in meaning. In the earlier cases in
the United States it was used as including the whole power of internal
government, or the powers of government inherent in every sovereignty
to the extent of its dominions (11 Peters (<i>U. S.</i>) 102). The
later cases have excepted from its domain the development and
administration of private law. Modern political science defines the
power as a branch of internal administration in the exercise of which
the executive should move within the lines of general principles
prescribed by the constitution or the legislature, and in the exercise
of which the most local governmental organizations should participate
as far as possible (<i>Burgess</i>). Under this limitation the police
power, as affecting persons, is the power of the state to protect the
public against the abuse of individual liberty, that is, to restrain
the individual in the exercise of his rights when such exercise
becomes a danger to the community. The tendency of judicial and
popular usage is towards this narrower definition.</p>

<p><hw>||Po`lis`soir"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A polishing or grinding implement or
instrument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Glass Making)</i> <def>A tool consisting of
a flat wooden block with a long iron handle, used for flattening out
split cylinders of blown glass.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"lo</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game similar to hockey
played by swimmers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., an air or popular
song in Andalucia.] <def>A Spanish gypsy dance characterized by
energetic movements of the body while the feet merely shuffle or
glide, with unison singing and rhythmic clapping of hands.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po*lo"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named after
Poland, in L. form <i>Polonia</i>, one of the discoverers being a
Pole.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A supposed new element, a radioactive
substance discovered by M. and MMe. Curie in pitchblende. It is
closely related chemically to bismuth. It emits only alpha rays and is
perhaps identical with radium F.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*phase</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Poly-</i> +
<i>phase</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Having or producing two or more
phases; multiphase; as, a <i>polyphase</i> machine, a machine
producing two or more pressure waves of electro-motive force,
differing in phase; a <i>polyphase</i> current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*phas`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>A machine generating more than one pressure wave; a
multiphaser.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pol`y*pho"tal</hw> (?), <hw>Pol"y*phote</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Poly-</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, light.]
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Pertaining to or designating arc lamps so
constructed that more than one can be used on a single
circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Poly-</i> + <i>-
type</i>: cf. F. <i>polytype</i>, a.] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A cast, or
facsimile copy, of an engraved block, matter in type, etc.</def> --
<wf>Pol"y*type</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pol"y*type</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>-typed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>-
typing</u> (?).] <i>(Print.)</i> <def>To produce a polytype of; as, to
<i>polytype</i> an engraving.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"mi*cul`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pomum</i>
fruit + <i>cultura</i> culture.] <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>The culture of
fruit; pomology as an art.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom*pe"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>Pompeianus</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of,
Pompeii, an ancient city of Italy, buried by an eruption of Vesuvius
in 79 <u>a. d.</u>, and partly uncovered by modern
excavations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pompeian red</hw>. <i>(Art)</i> <def>A brownish red approaching
maroon, supposed to be imitated from the color of the wall panels of
houses in Pompeii, which were decorated during the last age of the
Republic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom"-pom`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Imitative.] <def>A
Vickers-Maxim one-pounder automatic machine cannon using metallic
ammunition fed from a lopped belt attached to the gun; -- popularly so
called from its peculiar drumming sound in action. Sometimes, any of
other similar automatic cannons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pom"pon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>A hardy garden chrysanthemum having buttonlike heads of
flowers.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any of several dwarf varieties
of the Provence rose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ponce"let</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [After Jean Victor
<i>Poncelet</i>, French engineer.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A unit of
power, being the power obtained from an expenditure of one hundred
kilogram-meters of energy per second. One poncelet equals <i>g</i>
watts, when <i>g</i> is the value of the acceleration of gravity in
centimeters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"ne</hw> (p&omacr;"n&emacr;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>pone</i>, imper. of <i>ponere</i> to place.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An original writ, now superseded by the writ
of certiorari, for removing a case from an inferior court into the
Court of Exchequer.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An obsolete writ to
enforce appearance in court by attaching goods or requiring
securities.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  (<i>pron.</i> p&omacr;n) <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<def>The player who cuts the cards, being usually the player on the
dealer's right.</def></p>

<p><hw>Poo"nah paint`ing</hw> (?). [From <i>Poona</i>, in Bombay
Province, India.] <def>A style of painting, popular in England in the
19th century, in which a thick opaque color is applied without
background and with scarcely any shading, to thin paper, producing
flowers, birds, etc., in imitation of Oriental work.</def> Hence:
<col><b>Poonah brush</b></col>, <col><b>paper</b></col>,
<col><b>painter</b></col>, etc.</p>

<p><hw>Pope's head</hw> (?). <def>A long-handled brush for dusting
ceilings, etc., also for washing windows.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>||Po*pov"tsy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Russ., prop.,
those having popes or priests.] <def>See <u>Raskolnik</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*lism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(U. S.
Politics)</i> <def>The political doctrines advocated by the People's
party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pop"u*list</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>populus</i>
people + <i>-ist</i>.] <i>(U. S. Politics)</i> <def>A member of the
People's party.</def> -- <wf>Pop`u*lis"tic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Por"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Any one of numerous sparoid food fishes, as the jolthead
<i>porgy</i>, the sheepshead <i>porgy</i> (<i>Calamus penna</i>) of
the West Indies, the grass <i>porgy</i> (<i>Calamus arctifrons</i>) of
Florida, and the red <i>porgy</i> (<i>Pagrus pagrus</i>) of
Europe.</def></p>

<p><hw>Po"ro*type</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Pore</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, and <u>-type</u>.] <def>A copy of a print,
writing, etc., made by placing it upon a chemically prepared paper
which is acted upon by a gas which permeates the paper of the print,
writing, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Po`seur"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. masc.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Poseurs</b></plw> (&?;), <hw>||Po`seuse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.
fem.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>Poseuses</b></plw> (&?;) }, [F.]
<def>A person who poses or attitudizes, esp. mentally.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pos"i*tive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mach. &amp; Mech.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Designating, or
pertaining to, a motion or device in which the movement derived from a
driver, or the grip or hold of a restraining piece, is communicated
through an unyielding intermediate piece or pieces; as, a claw clutch
is a <i>positive</i> clutch, while a friction clutch is not.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Designating, or pertaining to, a device
giving a to-and-fro motion; as, a <i>positive</i> dobby.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2005 !></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Vehicles)</i> <def>Designating a method of
steering or turning in which the steering wheels move so that they
describe concentric arcs in making a turn, to insure freedom from side
slip or harmful resistance.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Post`ex*il"i*an</hw> (?), <hw>Post`ex*il"ic</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>} <def>After the exile;</def> specif. <i>(Jewish
Hist.)</i>, <def>belonging to a period subsequent to the Babylonian
captivity or exile (<u>b. c.</u> 597 or about 586-about
537).</def></p>

<p><hw>Post*gla"cial</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Geol.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Formed or occurring after the last glacial
epoch of the Pleistocene period, or at a locality within the area of
Pleistocene glaciation after the final disappearance of the glacier
from the locality.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of, pertaining to,
or designating, an epoch after the last Glacial and before the Terrace
epoch.</def> [R.]</p>

<p><hw>Post*grad"u*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>post-
</i> + <i>graduate</i>.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, the
studies pursued after graduation, esp., after receiving the bachelor's
degree at a college; graduate.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A
student who pursues such studies.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Most careful writers consider the word <i>graduate</i> to be
the proper word to use in this sense.</p>

<p><hw>Post`-im*pres"sion*ism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Painting)</i> <def>In the broadest sense, the theory or practice
of any of several groups of recent painters, or of these groups taken
collectively, whose work and theories have in common a tendency to
reaction against the scientific and naturalistic character of
impressionism and neo-impressionism. In a strict sense the term post-
impressionism is used to denote the effort at self-expression, rather
than representation, shown in the work of C&eacute;zanne, Matisse,
etc.; but it is more broadly used to include <b>cubism</b>, the theory
or practice of a movement in both painting and  sculpture which lays
stress upon volume as the important attribute of objects and attempts
its expression by the use of geometrical figures or solids only; and
<b>futurism</b>, a theory or practice which attempts to place the
observer within the picture and to represent simultaneously a number
of consecutive movements and impressions. In practice these theories
and methods of the post-impressionists change with great rapidity and
shade into one another, so that a picture may be both cubist and
futurist in character. They tend to, and sometimes reach, a condition
in which both representation and traditional decoration are entirely
abolished and a work of art becomes a purely subjective expression in
an arbitrary and personal language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
shoot for the pot, i.e., cooking; to secure or hit by a pot shot; to
shoot when no special skill is needed.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When hunted, it [the jaguar] takes refuge in trees, and
this habit is well known to hunters, who pursue it with dogs and
<i>pot</i> it when treed.</blockquote>  <i>Encyc. of Sport.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To secure; gain; win; bag.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Pot</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To take a pot shot or
shots, as at game or an enemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
total of the bets at stake at one time, as in racing or card playing;
the pool;</def> also <i>(Racing, Eng.)</i> <def>a horse heavily
backed; a favorite.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Armor)</i> <def>A plain defensive
headpiece; later, and perhaps in a jocose sense, any helmet; -- called
also <i>pot helmet</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>The total of the
bets at one time; the pool.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pot`-au`-feu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., lit., pot
on the fire.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A dish of broth, meat, and
vegetables prepared by boiling in a pot, -- a dish esp. common among
the French.</def>  <i>Grant Allen.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Po*teen"</hw> (?), <hw>Po*theen"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ir. <i>poitin</i> a small pot, whisky made in
private stills; cf. <i>pota</i> pot, fr. E. <i>pot</i>.] <def>Whisky
distilled in a small way privately or illicitly by the Irish
peasantry.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Po`tiche"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
tiches</b></plw> (#). [F., fr. <i>pot</i> a pot.] <i>(Ceramics)</i>
<def>A vase with a separate cover, the body usually rounded or
polygonal in plan with nearly vertical sides, a neck of smaller size,
and a rounded shoulder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot lace</hw>. <def>Lace whose pattern includes one or more
representations of baskets or bowls from which flowers
spring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot"latch`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chinook
<i>potlatch</i>, <i>pahtlatch</i>, fr. Nootka <i>pahchilt</i>,
<i>pachalt</i>, a gift.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Among the Kwakiutl,
Chimmesyan, and other Indians of the northwestern coast of North
America, a ceremonial distribution by a man of gifts to his own and
neighboring tribesmen, often, formerly, to his own impoverishment.
Feasting, dancing, and public ceremonies accompany it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Hence, a feast given to a large number of
persons, often accompanied by gifts.</def> [Colloq., Northwestern
America]</p>

<p><hw>Pot lead</hw>. <def>Graphite, or black lead, often used on the
bottoms of racing vessels to diminish friction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pot shot</hw>. <def>Lit., a shot fired simply to fill the pot;
hence, a shot fired at an animal or person when at rest or within easy
range, or fired simply to kill, without reference to the rules of
sport; a shot needling no special skill.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pouf</hw>  <hw>Pouffe</hw> } (p&oomac;f),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>pouff</i>.] [F. <i>pouf</i>. Cf.
<u>Puff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>Lit., a puff;</def> specif.:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A soft cushion, esp. one circular in shape
and not, like a pilow, of bag form, or thin at the edges.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A piece of furniture like an ottoman,
generally circular and affording cushion seats on all sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pou*lard"</hw> (p&oomac;*l&auml;rd"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>poularde</i> pullet, fr. <i>poule</i> hen. See <u>Pullet</u>.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A pullet from which the ovaries have been
removed to produce fattening; hence, a fat pullet.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pousse"-ca`f&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>pousser</i> to push + <i>caf&eacute;</i> coffee.] <def>A drink
served after coffee at dinner, usually one of several liqueurs, or
cordials, of different specific gravities poured so as to remain
separate in layers; hence, such a drink of cordials served at any
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pou sto</hw> (p&oomac; st&omacr;; pou st&omacr;). [Gr.
<grk>poy^ stw^</grk> where I may stand; -- from the reputed saying of
Archimedes, "Give me where I may stand and I will move the whole world
with my steelyard."] <def>A place to stand upon; a locus standi;
hence, a foundation or basis for operations.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Prac"ti*co</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Practicos</b></plw> (#). [Sp., lit., experienced, skilled. Cf.
<u>Practical</u>.] <def>A guide.</def> [Cuba &amp; Phil. Islands]  <i>D.
C. Worcester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Prai"rie State</hw>. <def>Illinois; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pra"line</hw> (pr&auml;"l&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<def>A confection made of nut kernels, usually of almonds, roasted in
boiling sugar until brown and crisp.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Bonbons, <i>pralines</i>, . . . saccharine, crystalline
substances of all kinds and colors.</blockquote>  <i>Du
Maurier.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Prall"tril`ler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>G. pl.</i>
<plw><b>-triller</b></plw>. [G.] <i>(Music)</i> <def>A melodic
embellishment consisting of the quick alternation of a principal tone
with an auxiliary tone above it, usually the next of the scale; --
called also the <i>inverted mordente</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ad*mis"sion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Lit.,
previous admission;</def> specif. <i>(Engin.)</i>, <def>admission, as
of steam, to the engine cylinder before the back stroke is completed,
thus increasing the cushioning.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pr&eacute;`cieuse"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
affected woman of polite society, esp. one of the literary women of
the French salons of the 17th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ci*os"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
ties</b></plw> (#). [F. <i>pr&eacute;ciosit&eacute;</i>, OF. also
<i>precieuset&eacute;</i>.] <def>Fastidious refinement, esp. in
language; specif., the affected purism and sententiousness
characteristic of the French pr&eacute;cieuses of the 17th
century.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had the fastidiousness, the <i>preciosity</i>, the
love of archaisms, of your true decadent.</blockquote>  <i>L.
Douglas.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre"cious</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Particular;
fastidious; overnice; overrefined. Cf. <u>Pr&eacute;cieuse</u>,
<u>Preciosity</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Lest that <i>precious</i> folk be with me
wroth.</blockquote>  <i>Chaucer.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Elaborate embroidery of <i>precious</i>
language.</blockquote>  <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pre*cip`i*ta"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Meteor.)</i>
<def>A deposit on the earth of hail, mist, rain, sleet, or snow; also,
the quantity of water deposited.</def></p>

<p>&fist; Deposits of dew, fog, and frost are not regarded by the
United States Weather Bureau as <i>precipitation</i>. Sleet and snow
are melted, and the record of <i>precipitation</i> shows the depth of
the horizontal layers of water in hundredths of an inch or in
millimeters.</p>

<p><hw>Preferential voting</hw>. <i>(Political Science)</i> <def>A
system of voting, as at primaries, in which the voters are allowed to
indicate on their ballots their preference (usually their first and
second choices) between two or more candidates for an office, so that
if no candidate receives a majority of first choices the one receiving
the greatest number of first and second choices together in nominated
or elected.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre`ig*ni"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Engin.)</i>
<def>Ignition in an internal-combustion engine while the inlet valve
is open or before compression is completed.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pre*mi&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. fem.</i></pos> [F.,
prop. fem. of <i>premier</i> first. See <u>Premier</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>First; chief; as, a <i>premi&egrave;re</i>
danseuse.</def> -- <pos><i>n. fem.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
mi&egrave;res</b></plw> (<i>F.</i> pr<i>e</i>*my&acirc;r").
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The leading woman of a group, esp. in a
theatrical cast.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A first performance,
as of a play; a first night.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pre-Raph"a*el*ite</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Popularly,
any modern artist thought to be a would-be restorer of early ideas or
methods, as one of the German painters often called <i>Nazarenes</i>,
or one who paints and draws with extreme minuteness of
detail.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pres"ent value</hw> or <hw>worth</hw>  } (of money payable at
a future date). <def>The principal which, drawing interest at a given
rate, will amount to the given sum at the date on which this is to be
paid; thus, interest being at 6%, the present value of $106 due one
year hence is $100.</def></p>

<p><hw>Press"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of
highly sized rag paper or board, sometimes containing a small
admixture of wood pulp; -- so called because used originally, as now,
in presses for pressing and finishing knit underwear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Press cake</hw>. <def>A cake of compressed substance, as: in
gunpowder manufacture, the cake resulting from compressing the meal
powder; in the treatment of coal tar, the pressed product at various
stages of the process; or, in beet-sugar manufacture, the vegetable
residue after the sugar juice has been expressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Press proof</hw>. <i>(Print.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
last proof for correction before sending to press.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A proof taken on a press, esp. to show
impression, margins, color, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Press revise</hw>. <i>(Print.)</i> <def>A proof for final
revision.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pres"sure</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Electro-motive
force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pressure wires</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Wires leading from
various points of an electric system to a central station, where a
voltmeter indicates the potential of the system at those
points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Press"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Work done on or by a press.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Metal Work)</i> <def>Act or process of
pressing or drawing with dies or presses; also, the product of such
work.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Cabinetmaking)</i> <def>Work consisting of
a series of cross-grained veneers united by glue, heat, and
pressure.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>Pottery produced by pressing clay into
molds.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn>  Usually <hw>Press work</hw>. <def>The work of a
press agent.</def> [Chiefly Theat. Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Prime</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Math.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Divisible by no number except itself or
unity; as, 7 is a <i>prime</i> number.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Having no common factor; -- used with <i>to</i>; as, 12 is
<i>prime</i> to 25.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prim"rose` League</hw>. <i>(Eng. Politics)</i> <def>A league of
both sexes among the Conservatives, founded in 1883. So called because
<i>primrose</i> was (erroneously, it is said) taken to be the favorite
flower of the Conservative statesman Benjamin Disraeli, Earl of
Beaconsfield.</def></p>

<p><hw>Print"ing in</hw>. <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A process by which
cloud effects or other features not in the original negative are
introduced into a photograph. Portions, such as the sky, are covered
while printing and the blank space thus reserved is filled in by
printing from another negative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Printing out</hw>. <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A method of printing,
in which the image is fully brought out by the direct actinic action
of light without subsequent development by means of
chemicals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pri"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>First, precedent, or
superior in the order of cognition, reason or generality, origin,
development, rank, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prism glass</hw>. <def>Glass with one side smooth and the other
side formed into sharp-edged ridges so as to reflect the light that
passes through, used at windows to throw the light into the
interior.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pri*vat"do*cent`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>G.
pl.</i> <plw><b>-docenten</b></plw> (#). [Also <i>Privatdozent</i>.]
[G.; <i>privat</i> private + <i>docent</i> teacher. See
<u>Docent</u>.] <def>In the universities of Germany and some other
European countries, a licensed teacher or lecturer having no share in
the university government and dependent upon fees for
remuneration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Proc"ess plate</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A plate prepared
by a mechanical process, esp. a photomechanical process.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A very slow photographic plate, giving good
contrasts between high lights and shadows, used esp. for making
lantern slides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Prod"uce race</hw>. <i>(Horse Racing)</i> <def>A race to be run
by the produce of horses named or described at the time of
entry.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*duc"er's goods</hw> (?). <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i> <def>Goods
that satisfy wants only indirectly as factors in the production of
other goods, such as tools and raw material; -- called also
<i>instrumental goods</i>, <i>auxiliary goods</i>, <i>intermediate
goods</i>, or <i>goods of the second and higher orders</i>, and
disting. from <i>consumers' goods</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Producer's surplus</hw>. <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i> <def>Any profit
above the normal rate of interest and wages accruing to a producer on
account of some monopoly (temporary or permanent) of the means or
materials of production; -- called also <hw>Producer's
rent</hw>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*gress"ive</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(U. S.
Politics)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Progressive
party.</def></p>

<p><hw>Progressive party</hw>. <i>(U. S. Politics)</i> <def>The
political party formed, chiefly out of the Republican party, by the
adherents of Theodore Roosevelt in the presidential campaign of 1912.
The name <i>Progressive</i> party was chosen at the meeting held on
Aug. 7, 1912, when the candidates were nominated and the platform
adopted.  Among the chief articles in the platform are those demanding
direct primaries, preferential primaries for presidential nominations,
direct election of United States senators, women's suffrage, and
recall of judicial decisions in certain cases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*jec"tor</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An optical
instrument for projecting a picture upon a screen, as by a magic
lantern or by an instrument for projecting (by reflection instead of
transmission of light) a picture of an opaque object, as photographs,
picture post-cards, insects, etc., in the colors of the object itself.
In this latter form the projection is accomplished by means of a
combination of lenses with  a prism and a mirror or reflector.
Specific instruments have been called by different names, such as
<i>radiopticon</i>, <i>mirrorscope</i>, <i>balopticon</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pro"sit</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [L., 3d pers.
sing. subj. present of <i>prodesse</i> to do good; <i>pro</i> for +
<i>esse</i> to be.] <def>Lit., may it do (you) good; -- a salutation
used in well wishing, esp. among Germans, as in drinking
healths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"te*id</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Defensive
proteid</b></col> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>, <cd>one of a class of
proteid substances, present in some animal tissues and fluids, that
make the body immune to certain infectious diseases by destroying or
rendering inactive the toxic products of bacterial growth.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Pro"te*in</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i>
<def>In chemical analysis, the total nitrogenous material in vegetable
or animal substances, obtained by multiplying the total nitrogen found
by a factor, usually 6.25, assuming most proteids to contain
approximately 16 per cent of nitrogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro"te*ose`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Prote</i>id +
<i>-ose</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>One of a class of soluble
products formed in the digestion of proteids with gastric and
pancreatic juice, and also by the hydrolytic action of boiling dilute
acids on proteids. Proteoses are divided into the two groups, the
<i>primary</i> and <i>secondary</i> proteoses.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro`to*met"als</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A finer
form of metals, indicated by enhanced lines in their spark spectra
(which are also observed in the spectra of some stars), obtained at
the highest available laboratory temperatures (<i>Lockyer</i>); as
protocalcium, protochromium, protocopper, protonickel, protosilicon,
protostrontium, prototitanium, protovanadium.</def> --
<wf>Pro`to*me*tal"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Prov"e*nance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>provenir</i> to originate, to come forth, L. <i>provenire</i>. Cf.
<u>Provenience</u>.] <def>Origin; source; provenience.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Their age attested by their <i>provenance</i> and
associations.</blockquote>  <i>A. H. Keane.</i></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ve"ni*ence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proveniens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p.pr. of <i>provenire</i> to come
forth; <i>pro</i> forth + <i>venire</i> to come.] <def>Origin; source;
place where found or produced; provenance; -- used esp. in the fine
arts and in arch&aelig;ology; as, the <i>provenience</i> of a
patera.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pro*ve"ni*ent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>proveniens</i>, p.pr.] <def>Forthcoming; issuing.</def> [Rare]</p>

<p><hw>Prox`e*ne"tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; agent +
<i>-ism</i>; cf. F. <i>prox&eacute;n&eacute;tisme</i>.] <def>The
action of a go-between or broker in negotiating immoral bargains
between the sexes; procuring.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2006 !></p>

<p><hw>Psy`cha*nal"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Psycho-
</i> + <i>analysis</i>.] <def>A method or process of psychotherapeutic
analysis based on the work of Dr. Sigmund Freud (1856- --) of Vienna.
The method rests upon the theory that hysteria is characteristically
due to repression of desires consciously rejected but subconsciously
persistent; it consists in a close analysis of the patient's mental
history, stress being laid upon the dream life, and of treatment by
means of suggestion.</def> -- <wf>Psy*chan`a*lyt"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Psy`cha*nal"y*sist</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Psy`cho*a*nal"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<hw>Psy`cho*an`a*lyt"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> etc. <def>=
<u>Psychanalysis</u>, <u>Psychanalytic</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy`cho*ther`a*peu"tics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Psycho-</i> + <i>therapeutics</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The
treatment of disease by acting on the mind, as by suggestion; mind
cure; psychotherapy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Psy`cho*ther"a*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Psycho-
</i> + <i>therapy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Psychotherapeutics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Publicity pamphlet</hw>. <def>A pamphlet which, in some States
of the United States having the initiative or referendum, is mailed to
the voters to inform them as to the nature of a measure submitted by
the initiative or referendum. The pamphlet contains a copy of the
proposed law and arguments for and against it by those favoring and
opposing it, respectively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Public school</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In Great Britain,
any of various schools maintained by the community, wholly or partly
under public control, or maintained largely by endowment and not
carried on chiefly for profit; specif., and commonly, any of various
select and usually expensive endowed schools which give a liberal
modern education or prepare pupils for the universities. Eton, Harrow,
Rugby, and Winchester are of this class.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>In the United States, a free primary, grammar, or high school
maintained by the local government.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Public-service corporation</hw> or sometimes <hw>Quasi-public
corporation</hw> }. <def>A corporation, such as a railroad company,
lighting company, water company, etc., organized or chartered to
follow a public calling or to render services more or less essential
to the general public convenience or safety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puck</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A disk of vulcanized
rubber used in the game of hockey, as the object to be driven through
the goals.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Puck"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>pukka</i>.] [Hind. <i>pakk&amacr;</i> cooked, ripe, solid.]
<def>Good of its kind; -- variously used as implying substantial,
real, fixed, sure, etc., and specif., of buildings, made of brick and
mortar.</def> [India]</p>

<p><blockquote>It's <i>pukka</i> famine, by the looks of
it.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pud"ding fish</hw>, <hw>Pudding wife</hw> }. [Prob. corrupted
fr. the Sp. name in Cuba, <i>pudiano verde</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>A large, handsomely colored, blue and bronze, labroid fish
(<i>Iridio, syn. Platyglossus, radiatus</i>) of Florida, Bermuda, and
the West Indies. Called also <i>pudiano</i>, <i>doncella</i>, and, at
Bermuda, <i>bluefish</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pug</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>pag</i> foot.]
<def>A footprint; a track; as of a boar.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Pug"ga*ree</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Puggry</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pug"gry</hw> (?), <hw>Pug"gree</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>puggaree</i>, <i>puggeree</i>,
etc.] [Hind. <i>pag&rsdot;i</i> turban.] <def>A light scarf wound
around a hat or helmet to protect the head from the sun.</def> [India]
<i>Yule.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A blue-gray felt hat with a gold
<i>puggaree</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Puk"ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Pucka</u>.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Pull"dev`il</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A number of
fishhooks rigidly fastened back to be pulled through the water to
catch fish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul*mom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pulmo</i> a
lung + <i>-metry</i>.] <def>The determination of the capacity of the
lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pul"mo`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>pulmo</i> lung
+ E. <i>motor</i>.] <def>An apparatus for producing artificial
respiration by pumping oxygen or air or a mixture of the two into and
out of the lungs, as of a person who has been asphyxiated by drowning,
breathing poisonous gases, or the like, or of one who has been stunned
by an electrical shock.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pu"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., of Peruv. origin.]
<def>A cold arid table-land, as in the Andes of Peru.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pun"ish</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To deal with roughly
or harshly; -- chiefly used with regard to a contest; as, our troops
<i>punished</i> the enemy.</def> [Colloq. or Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Pun"ish*ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Severe, rough,
or disastrous treatment.</def> [Colloq. or Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Punk"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Orig. unknown.] <def>A
minute biting fly of the genus <i>Ceratopogon</i> or allied genus of
the family <i>Chironomid&aelig;</i>, found in swarms in various
densely wooded or mountaneous regions.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Punt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
boat or hunt in a punt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To punt a football.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Pun*tel"lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
li</b></plw> (#). [It., dim. of <i>punto</i> point.]
<i>(Sculpture)</i> <def>One of the points sometimes drilled as guides
for cutting away superfluous stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punt"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(London Stock
Exchange)</i> <def>A scalper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Punt"-out`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(American
Football)</i> <def>A punt made from the goal line by a player of the
side which has made a touchdown to one of his own side for a fair
catch, from which an attempt to kick a goal may be made.</def></p>

<p><hw>Push</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A crowd; a company or
clique of associates; a gang.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Push button</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A simple device,
resembling a button in form, so arranged that pushing it closes an
electric circuit, as of an electric bell.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pu*tresce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Putrescent</u>.] <def>To become putrescent or putrid; to
putrefy.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Ordinarily sewage does not <i>putresce</i> until from
twenty-four to sixty hours after its discharge.</blockquote>
<i>Nature.</i></p>

<p><hw>Putt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Put</u>, <pos><i>v.
t.</i></pos>] <i>(Golf)</i> <def>A stroke made on the putting green to
play the ball into a hole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Putt</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>To make a
putt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Put"tee</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Putty</u>, a kind of gaiter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Putt"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A club with a short shaft and either a wooden
or a metal head, used in putting.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One
who putts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Putt"ing green</hw> (?). <i>(Golf)</i> <def>The green, or plot
of smooth turf, surrounding a hole.</def> "The term <i>putting
green</i> shall mean the ground within twenty yards of the hole,
excepting hazards."  <i>Golf Rules.</i></p>

<p><hw>Put"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>A ball
made of composition and not gutta percha.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Put"ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Putties</b></plw> (#). [Written also <i>puttee</i>,
<i>puttie</i>.] [Hind. <i>pa&tsdot;&tsdot;i</i> ribbon, brace, tie.]
<def>A kind of gaiter of waterproof cloth wrapped around the leg, used
by soldiers, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Puz"zle-head`ed</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the head
full of confused notions; given to getting perplexed over simple
matters; also, characteristic of persons that are so.</def>
<i>Johnson.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Py*&aelig;"mi*a</hw>, <hw>||Py*e"mi*a</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?; pus + &?; blood.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A form of blood poisoning produced by the absorption of pyogenic
microorganisms into the blood, usually from a wound or local
inflammation. It is characterized by multiple abscesses throughout the
body, and is attended with irregularly recurring chills, fever,
profuse sweating, and exhaustion.</def> -- <wf>Py*&aelig;"mic</wf>,
<wf>Py*e"mic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Pyg"my</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a race of Central
African Negritos found chiefly in the great forests of the equatorial
belt. THey are the shortest of known races, the adults ranging from
less than four to about five feet in stature. They are timid and shy,
dwelling in the recesses of the forests, though often on good terms
with neighboring Negroes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py*ja"mas</hw> (?), or, chiefly U. S., <hw>Pa*ja"mas</hw>
(&?;), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>A garment, similar to the
Oriental pyjama (which see), adopted among Europeans, Americans, and
other Occidentals, for wear in the dressing room and during sleep;
also, a suit of drawers and blouse for such wear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py"lon</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
tower, commonly of steelwork, for supporting either end of a wire, as
for a telegraph line, over a long span.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Formerly, a starting derrick (the use of which is now abandoned)
for an a&euml;roplane.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A post, tower,
or the like, as on an a&euml;rodrome, or flying ground, serving to
bound or mark a prescribed course of flight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"a*mid</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>
<i>(Speculation)</i> <def>To enlarge one's holding or interest in a
series of operations on a continued rise or decline by using the
profits to buy or sell additional amounts on a margin, as where one
buys on a 10% margin 100 shares of stock quoted at 100, holds it till
it rises to 105, and then uses the paper profit to buy 50 shares more,
etc. The series of operations constitutes a <i>pyramid</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"a*mid</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Speculation)</i>
<def>To use, or to deal in, in a pyramiding transaction. See
<u>Pyramid</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><hw>Pyr"a*mid</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Speculation)</i>
<def>The series of operations involved in pyramiding. See
<u>Pyramid</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos></def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Pyr"a*zine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>-zin</hw>
}. [<i>Pyr</i>idine + Gr. &?; not + &?; life.] <i>(Org. Chem.)</i>
<def>A feebly basic solid, C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>,
obtained by distilling piperazine with zinc dust, and in other ways.
Also, by extension, any of various derivatives of the same.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py"ro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A production of
pyrography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py`ro*gra*vure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Pyro-</i> +
F. <i>gravure</i> engraving.] <def>Pyrography; also, a design or
picture made by pyrography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Py`ro*lig"nite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A crude
acetate produced by treating pyroligneous acid with a metal or basic
compound; as, <i>pyrolignite</i> of iron (iron liquor).</def></p>

<p><hw>Py`rone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>pyron</i>, an
abbr. of <i>pyrokoman</i>.] <i>(Org. Chem.)</i> <def>An unsaturated
cyclic compound, C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, of which two
varieties are known, &alpha; and &gamma;. &gamma;-pyrone is the parent
substance of several natural yellow dyestuffs.</def></p>

<p><point26>Q.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Qua`dril`l&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.]
<i>(Art)</i> <def>Marked with squares, generally by thin lines
crossing at right angles and at equal intervals; as,
<i>quadrill&eacute;</i> paper, or plotting paper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ru*plane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>quadru-</i>
in comp. + E. <i>plane</i>.] <def>An a&euml;roplane with four
superposed main supporting surfaces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quad"ru*plet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Quadruple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A collection or combination
of four of a kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>pl</i>. <def>Four children born in the same
labor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A cycle for carrying four riders, so
arranged that all the reders can assist in the propulsion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"tered</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Divided into four equal parts or quarters; separated into four
parts or regions.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Furnished with quarters; provided with
shelter or entertainment.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Quarter-sawed; -- said of timber, commonly
oak.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quar"ter-saw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Quarter-sawed</u>  <u>-sawn</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Quarter-sawing</u>.] <def>To saw (a log) into
quarters; specif., to saw into quarters and then into boards, as by
cutting alternately from each face of a quarter, to secure lumber that
will warp relatively little or show the grain
advantageously.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qua"si cor`po*ra"tion</hw>. <def>A corporation consisting of a
person or body of persons invested with some of the qualities of an
artificial person, though not expressly incorporated, esp. the
official of certain municipal divisions such as counties, schools
districts, and the towns of some States of the United States, certain
church officials, as a churchwarden, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Quat`tro*cen"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> [It.,
four hundred, used as an abbreviated expression for the dates
beginning with fourteen hundred.] <def>The fifteenth century, when
applied to Italian art or literature; as, the sculpture of the
<i>quattrocento</i>; <i>quattrocento</i> style.</def> --
<wf>Quat`tro*cen"tist</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Queen olive</hw>. [Cf. Sp. <i>aceituna de la Reina</i> olive of
the Queen.] <i>(Olive Trade)</i> <def>Properly, a kind of superior
olive grown in the region of Seville, Spain. It is large size and
oblong shape with a small but long pit; it is cured when green, keeps
well, and has a delicate flavor. Loosely, any olive of similar
character.</def></p>

<p><hw>Queer</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From <u>Queer</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To puzzle.</def> [Prov.
Eng. or Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To ridicule; to banter; to rally.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To spoil the effect or success of, as by
ridicule; to throw a wet blanket on; to spoil.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Ques"tion*a*ry</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A set of
questions for submission to a group of persons for the purpose of
bringing out their resemblances and differences in the matter
considered. The <i>questionary method</i> is a recognized form of
psychological investigation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ques`tion`naire"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>-naires</b></plw> (F. &?;). [F.] <def>= <u>Questionary</u>,
above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Qui"chuan</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating, or
pertaining to, a linguistic stock of South American Indians, including
the majority of the civilized tribes of the ancient Peruvian Empire
with some wild tribes never subjugated by the Incas. Most of these
Indians are short, but heavy and strong. They are brachycephalic and
of remarkably low cranial capacity. Nevertheless, they represent one
of the highest of native American civilizations, characterized by
agricultural, military, and administrative skill rather than by
science or literature, although they were adept potters, weavers, and
goldsmiths, and preserved by the aid of the mnemonic quipu a body of
legendary lore in part written down since the introduction of
writing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etym. uncertain.] <def>An
English coin, a sovereign.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>They invited him to come to-morrow, . . . and bring
half a <i>quid</i> with him.</blockquote>  <i>Charles Reade.</i></p>

<p><hw>Quill</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A roll of
dried bark; as, a <i>quill</i> of cinnamon or of cinchona.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin*troon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>quinteron</i> the off-spring of a quadroon and a white.]
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>The off-spring of an octoroon and a white
person.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quin"tu*plet</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Quintuple</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A collection or combination
of five of a kind.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>pl.</i> <def>Five children born in the same
labor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>A group of five connected
notes; a turn of five notes.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>A cycle having five crank shafts and
adapted for five riders, all of whom can assist in the
propulsion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quir"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Quirinals</i>,
fr. <i>Quirinus</i>, a name of Romulus.] <def>Of, pertaining to, or
designating, the hill <i>Collis Quirinalis</i>, now <i>Monte
Quirinale</i> (one of the seven hills of Rome), or a modern royal
place situated upon it. Also used substantively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Quod</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To put in quod, or
prison; to lock up; to jug.</def> [Slang]  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><point26>R.</point26></p>

<p><hw>||Ra`bat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. Cf.
<u>Rabato</u>.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A clerical
linen collar.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A kind of clerical scarf
fitted to a collar; as, a black silk <i>rabat</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Race"a*bout`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A small sloop-rigged racing yacht carrying about six hundred
square feet of sail, distinguished from a knockabout by having a short
bowsprit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Race suicide</hw>. <def>The voluntary failure of the members of
a race or people to have a number of children sufficient to keep the
birth rate equal to the death rate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack"a*rock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Rack</i> to
stretch, strain + <i>a</i> + <i>rock</i>.] <def>A Sprengel explosive
consisting of potassium chlorate and mono-nitrobenzene.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rack"et</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A scheme, dodge, trick,
or the like; something taking place considered as exciting, trying,
unusual, or the like; also, such occurrence considered as an ordeal;
as, to work a <i>racket</i>; to stand upon the <i>racket</i>.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><! p. 2007 !></p>

<p><hw>Radial engine</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>An engine, usually an
internal-combustion engine of a certain type (the <col><b>radial
type</b></col>) having several cylinders arranged radially like the
spokes of a complete wheel. The <col><b>semiradial engine</b></col>
has radiating cylinders on only one side of the crank shaft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Emitted or transmitted by radiation; as, a <i>radiant</i> energy;
<i>radiant</i> heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Radiant engine</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A semiradial engine.
See <u>Radial engine</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any of various devices for cooling an internal substance by
radiation, as a system og rings on a gun barrel for cooling it, or a
nest of tubes with large radiating surface for cooling circulating
water, as in an automobile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Wireless Teleg.)</i> <def>An
oscillator.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*o</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to, or employing, or operated by, radiant energy, specifically that of
electric waves; hence, pertaining to, or employed in,
radiotelegraphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*o-ac"tive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Radio-</i>
+ <i>active</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Capable of luminescence under
the action of cathode rays, X rays, or any of the allied forms of
radiation.</def> -- <wf>Ra`di*o-ac*tiv"i*ty</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*o*con*duc"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A substance or device that has its conductivity
altered in some way by electric waves, as a coherer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Radio-</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An instrument for measuring
and recording solar radiation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An image or picture produced upon a
sensitive surface, as of a photographic plate, by some form of
radiation other than light, as the R&ouml;ntgen rays, radium rays,
etc.; esp., a picture of opaque objects traversed by the rays; a
skiagraph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*o*graph</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a
radiograph of.</def> -- <wf>Ra`di*og"ra*pher</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*og"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Art or
process of making radiographs.</def> -- <wf>Ra`di*o*graph"ic</wf> (#),
<wf>*graph"ic*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Ra`di*o*graph"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*om"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>The use of the radiometer, or the measurement of radiation.</def>
-- <wf>Ra`di*o*met"ric</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ra"di*o*phare</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Radio-</i> +
<i>phare</i>.] <def>A radiotelegraphic station serving solely for
determining the position of ships. The radius of operation of such
stations was restricted by the International Radiotelegraphic
Convention (1912) to 30 nautical miles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*op"ti*con</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Radio-</i>
+ stere<i>opticon</i>.] <def>See <u>Projector</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*os"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Radio-</i> +
<i>-scopy</i>.] <def>Direct observation of objects opaque to light by
means of some other form of radiant energy, as the R&ouml;ntgen
rays.</def> -- <wf>Ra`di*o*scop"ic</wf> (#), <wf>*scop"ic*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*o*tel"e*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
message transmitted by radiotelegraph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*o*tel"e*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Radio-
</i> + <i>telegraph</i>.] <def>A wireless telegraph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*o*tel`e*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of
or pertaining to radiotelegraphy; employing, or used or employed in,
radiotelegraphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*o*te*leg"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Radio-</i> + <i>telegraphy</i>.] <def>Telegraphy using the radiant
energy of electrical (Hertzian) waves; wireless telegraphy; -- the
term adopted for use by the Radiotelegraphic Convention of
1912.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*o*tel"e*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
wireless telephone.</def> -- <wf>Ra`di*o*te*leph"o*ny</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*o*ther"a*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Radio-
</i> + <i>therapy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Treatment of disease by
means of R&ouml;ntgen rays or other forms of radioactivity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*o*tho"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A radioactive substance apparently formed as a product from
thorium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ra`di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>radius</i> ray.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An intensely radioactive
metallic element found (combined) in minute quantities in pitchblende,
and various other uranium minerals. Symbol, <i>Ra</i>; atomic weight,
226.4. Radium was discovered by M. and Mme. Curie, of Paris, who in
1902 separated compounds of it by a tedious process from pitchblende.
Its compounds color flames carmine and give a characteristic spectrum.
It resembles barium chemically. Radium preparations are remarkable for
maintaining themselves at a higher temperature than their
surroundings, and for their radiations, which are of three kinds:
<i>alpha rays</i>, <i>beta rays</i>, and <i>gamma rays</i> (see these
terms). By reason of these rays they ionize gases, affect photographic
plates, cause sores on the skin, and produce many other striking
effects. Their degree of activity depends on the proportion of radium
present, but not on its state of chemical combination or on external
conditions.The radioactivity of radium is therefore an atomic
property, and is explained as result from a disintegration of the
atom. This breaking up occurs in at least seven stages; the successive
main products have been studied and are called <col><b>radium
emanation</b></col> or <i>exradio</i>, <col><b>radium A</b></col>,
<col><b>radium B</b></col>, <col><b>radium C</b></col>, etc. (The
emanation is a heavy gas, the later products are solids.) These
products are regarded as unstable elements, each with an atomic weight
a little lower than its predecessor. It is possible that lead is the
stable end product. At the same time the light gas helium is formed;
it probably consists of the expelled alpha particles. The heat effect
mentioned above is ascribed to the impacts of these particles. Radium,
in turn, is believed to be formed indirectly by an immeasurably slow
disintegration of uranium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raf"fi*a palm</hw> (?). <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A pinnate-
leaved palm (<i>Raphia ruffia</i>) native of Madagascar, and of
considerable economic importance on account of the strong fiber
(raffia) obtained from its leafstalks.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The jupati palm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Raf"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Raff</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> &amp; <pos><i>v.</i></pos>, and <u>Raffle</u>.]
<def>Refuse; rubbish; raff.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rag</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Music)</i> <def>To play or compose (a piece, melody, etc.) in
syncopated time.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To dance to ragtime music, esp. in some
manner considered indecorous.</def> [Colloq. or Slang]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Rag"na*rok"</hw> (?), <hw>||Rag"na*r&ouml;k"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Icel., fr. <i>regin</i>, <i>r&ouml;gn</i>, gods
+ <i>r&ouml;k</i> reason, origin, history; confused with <i>ragna-
r&ouml;kr</i> the twilight of the gods.] <i>(Norse Myth.)</i> <def>The
so-called "Twilight of the Gods" (called in German
<i>G&ouml;tterd&auml;mmerung</i>), the final destruction of the world
in the great conflict between the &AElig;sir (gods) on the one hand,
and on the other, the gaints and the powers of Hel under the
leadership of Loki (who is escaped from bondage).</def></p>

<p><hw>Rag"time`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mus.)</i> <def>Time
characterized by syncopation, as in many negro melodies.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Raif"fei`sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Economics)</i>
<def>Designating, or pertaining to, a form of co&ouml;perative bank
founded among the German agrarian population by Friedrich Wilhelm
Raiffeisen (1818-88); as, <i>Raiffeisen</i> banks, the
<i>Raiffeisen</i> system, etc. The banks are unlimited-liability
institutions making small loans at a low rate of interest, for a
designated purpose, to worthy members only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A railroad as a means of
transportation; as, to go by <i>rail</i>; a place not accesible by
<i>rail</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rail"road`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To carry or send
by railroad; usually fig., to send or put through at high speed or in
great haste; to hurry or rush unduly; as, to <i>railroad</i> a bill
through Condress.</def> [Colloq., U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ra`ki"</hw>, <hw>||Ra`kee"</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. <i>r&amacr;k&imacr;</i>arrack.] <def>A
kind of ardent spirits used in southern Europe and the East, distilled
from grape juice, grain, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ral"li&eacute;s"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [F., p.
p. pl. See <u>Rally</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A French
political group, also known as the Constitutional Right from its
position in the Chambers, mainly monarchists who rallied to the
support of the Republic in obedience to the encyclical put forth by
Pope Leo XIII. in Feb., 1892.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"e*kin</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>=
<u>Ramequin</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"e*quin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>The
porcelian or earthen mold in which ramequins are baked and served, by
extension, any dish so used.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ram"til</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Bengali <i>ram-
til</i>.] <def>A tropical African asteraceous shrub (<i>Guizotia
abyssinica</i>) cultivated for its seeds (called <col><b>ramtil, or
niger</b></col>, <col><b>seeds</b></col>) which yield a valuable oil
used for food and as an illuminant.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ran`che*ri"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>rancheria</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dwelling place of a
ranchero.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A small settlement or collection of
ranchos, or rude huts, esp. for Indians.</def> [Sp. Amer. &amp; Southern
U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Formerly, in the Philippines, a political
division of the pagan tribes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rand</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.] (<i>D. pron.</i> &?;)
<def>Rim; egde; border.</def> [South Africa]</p>

<p><col><b>The Rand</b></col>, <cd>a rocky gold-bearing ridge in South
Africa, about thirty miles long, on which Johannesburg is situated;
also, the gold-mining district including this ridge.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Ran"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From <u>Range</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Inclined or able to range, or rove
about, for considerable distances; apt or suited for much roving, --
chiefly used of cattle.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rap"id-fire`</hw>, <hw>Rap"id-fir`ing</hw>  },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Gun.)</i> <def>Firing
shots in rapid succession.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Ordnance)</i>
<def>Capable of being fired rapidly; -- applied to single-barreled
guns of greater caliber than small arms, mounted so as to be quickly
trained and elevated, with a quick-acting breech mechanism operated by
a single motion of a crank or lever (abbr. <i>R. F.</i>);</def>
specif.: (1) <def>In the United States navy, designating such a gun
using fixed ammunition or metallic cartridge cases; -- distinguished
from <i>breech-loading</i> (abbr. <i>B. L.</i>), applied to all guns
loading with the charge in bags, and formerly from <i>quick-fire</i>.
<i>Rapid-fire</i> guns in the navy also sometimes include automatic or
semiautomatic rapid-fire guns; the former being automatic guns of not
less than one inch caliber, firing a shell of not less than one pound
weight, the explosion of each cartridge operating the mechanism for
ejecting the empty shell, loading, and firing the next shot, the
latter being guns that require one operation of the hand at each
discharge, to load the gun.</def> (2) <def>In the United States army,
designating such a gun, whether using fixed or separate ammunition,
designed chiefly for use in coast batteries against torpedo vessels
and the lightly armored batteries or other war vessels and for the
protection of defensive mine fields; -- not distinguished from
<i>quick-fire</i>.</def> (3) <def>In Great Britain and Europe used,
rarely, as synonymous with <i>quick-fire</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rapid-fire mount</hw>. <i>(Ordnance)</i> <def>A mount
permitting easy and quick elevation or depression and training of the
gun, and fitting with a device for taking up the recoil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rap`proche`ment"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>rapprocher</i> to cause to approach again. See <u>Re-</u>;
<u>Approach</u>.] <def>Act or fact of coming or being drawn near or
together; establishment or state of cordial relations.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had witnessed the gradual <i>rapprochement</i>
between the papacy and Austria.</blockquote>  <i>Wilfrid Ward.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ras*kol"nik</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Raskolniki</b></plw> (#) or <plw><b>Raskolniks</b></plw> (#).
[Russ. <i>raskol'nik</i> dissenter, fr. <i>raskol</i> dissent.]
<def>The name applied by the Russian government to any subject of the
Greek faith who dissents from the established church. The
<i>Raskolniki</i> embrace many sects, whose common characteristic is a
clinging to antique traditions, habits, and customs. The schism
originated in 1667 in an ecclesiastical dispute as to the correctness
of the translation of the religious books. The dissenters, who have
been continually persecuted, are believed to number about 20,000,000,
although the Holy Synod officially puts the number at about 2,000,000.
They are officially divided into three groups according to the degree
of their variance from orthodox beliefs and observances, as follows:
I. "Most obnoxious." the <col><b>Judaizers</b></col>; the
<col><b>Molokane</b></col>, who refuse to recognize civil authority or
to take oaths; the <col><b>Dukhobortsy</b></col>, or
<col><b>Dukhobors</b></col>, who are communistic, marry without
ceremony, and believe that Christ was human, but that his soul
reappears at intervals in living men; the <col><b>Khlysty</b></col>,
who countenance anthropolatory, are ascetics, practice continual self-
flagellation, and reject marriage; the <col><b>Skoptsy</b></col>, who
practice castration; and a section of the
<col><b>Bezpopovtsy</b></col>, or priestless sect, which disbelieve in
prayers for the Czar and in marriage. II. "Obnoxious:" the
<col><b>Bezpopovtsy</b></col>, who pray for the Czar and recognize
marriage. III. "Least obnoxious:" the <col><b>Popovtsy</b></col>, who
dissent from the orthodox church in minor points only.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Raths"kel`ler</hw> (r&auml;ts"k&ebreve;l*l&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., also <i>ratskeller</i>, prop., town-hall
cellar.] <def>Orig., in Germany, the cellar or basement of the city
hall, usually rented for use as a restaurant where beer is sold;
hence, a beer saloon of the German type below the street level, where,
usually, drinks are served only at tables and simple food may also be
had; -- sometimes loosely used, in English, of what are essentially
basement restaurants where liquors are served.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*act"ance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>React</i> +
<i>-ance</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The influence of a coil of wire
upon an alternating current passing through it, tending to choke or
diminish the current, or the similar influence of a condenser;
inductive resistance. Reactance is measured in ohms. The reactance of
a circuit is equal to the component of the impressed electro-motive
force at right angles to the current divided by the current, that is,
the component of the impedance due to the self-inductance or capacity
of the circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reactance coil</hw> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A choking
coil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ac"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Psycophysics)</i>
<def>A regular or characteristic response to a stimulation of the
nerves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*act"or</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
choking coil.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*bo"zo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>rebozo</i>.]
<def>A kind of mantilla worn by women over the head and shoulders, and
sometimes over part of the face.</def> [Mexico &amp; Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*call"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Political Science)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The right or procedure by which a public
official, commonly a legislative or executive official, may be removed
from office, before the end of his term of office, by a vote of the
people to be taken on the filing of a petition signed by a required
number or percentage of qualified voters.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Short for <col><b>recall of judicial decisions</b></col>, the
right or procedure by which the decision of a court may be directly
reversed or annulled by popular vote, as was advocated, in 1912, in
the platform of the Progressive party for certain cases involving the
police power of the state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceiv"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Firearms)</i> <def>In
portable breech-loading firearms, the steel frame screwed to the
breech end of the barrel, which receives the bolt or block, gives
means of securing for firing, facilitates loading, and holds the
ejector, cut-off, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ceiv"er's cer*tif"i*cate</hw> (?). <def>An acknowledgement
of indebtedness made by a receiver under order of court to obtain
funds for the preservation of the assets held by him, as for operating
a railroad. Receivers' certificates are ordinarily a first lien on the
assets, prior to that of bonds or other securities.</def></p>

<p><hw>||R&eacute;`chauf`f&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., orig. p.p. of <i>r&eacute;chauffer</i> 8warm over. See
<u>Chafe</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>A dish of food that has
been warmed again, hence, fig., something made up from old material; a
rehash.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It is merely a <i>r&eacute;chauff&eacute;</i> of
ancient philosophies.</blockquote>  <i>F. W. H. Myers.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cid"i*vism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being recidivous; relapse,</def> specif.
<i>(Criminology)</i>, <def>a falling back or relapse into prior
criminal habits, esp. after conviction and punishment.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The old English system of recognizances, in which the
guilty party deposits a sum of money, is an excellent guarantee to
society against <i>recidivism</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Havelock
Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>Re*cid"i*vist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who is
recidivous or is characterized by recidivism; an incorrigible
criminal.</def> -- <wf>Re*cid`i*vis"tic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><blockquote>The criminal by passion never becomes a
<i>recidivist</i>, it is the social, not the antisocial, instincts
that are strong within him, his crime is a solitary event in his
life.</blockquote>  <i>Havelock Ellis.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Re*con`cen*tra"do</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., p.p.
of <i>reconcentrar</i> to inclose, to reconcentrate.] <def>Lit., one
who has been reconcentrated; specif., in Cuba, the Philippines, etc.,
during the revolution of 1895-98, one of the rural noncombatants who
were concentrated by the military authorities in areas surrounding the
fortified towns, and later were reconcentrated in the smaller limits
of the towns themselves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`con*cen"trate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
concentrate again; to concentrate thoroughly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*con`cen*tra"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act
of reconcentrating or the state of being reconcentrated; esp., the act
or policy of concentrating the rural population in or about towns and
villages for convenience in political or military administration, as
in Cuba during the revolution of 1895-98.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*cov"er*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act of regaining the natural position after curtseying.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Fencing, Sparring, etc.)</i> <def>Act of
regaining the position of guard after making an attack.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2008 !></p>

<p><hw>Re`cru*desce"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See
<u>Recrudescent</u>.] <def>To be in a state of recrudescence; esp., to
come into renewed freshness, vigor, or activity; to revive.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The general influence . . . which is liable every now
and then to <i>recrudesce</i> in his absence.</blockquote>  <i>Edmund
Gurney.</i></p>

<p><hw>Red Cross</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The crusaders or the
cause they represented.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A hospital or ambulance service
established as a result of, though not provided for by, the Geneva
convention of 1864; any of the national societies for alleviating the
sufferings of the sick and wounded war, also giving aid and relief
during great calamities; also, a member or worker of such a society; -
- so called from the badge of neutrality; the Geneva cross.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Red dog</hw>, or <hw>Red`-dog" flour</hw> }. <def>The lowest
grade of flour in milling. It is dark and of little expansive power,
is secured largely from the germ or embryo and adjacent parts, and
contains a relatively high percentage of protein. It is chiefly useful
as feed for farm animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`de*vel"op</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To
develop again;</def> specif. <i>(Photog.)</i>, <def>to intensify (a
developed image), as by bleaching with mercuric chloride and
subsequently subjecting anew to a developing agent.</def> --
<wf>Re`de*vel"op*er</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> --
<wf>Re`de*vel"op*ment</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Re*dif"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk.
<i>red&imacr;f</i>, fr. <i>rad&imacr;f</i>, orig., he who rides behind
another on the same beast, fr. <i>radaf</i> to follow.] <def>A reserve
force in the Turkish army, or a soldier of the reserve. See <u>Army
organization</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Red`i*vi"vus</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L., fr. pref.
<i>red-</i>, <i>re-</i>, re- + <i>vivus</i> alive.] <def>Living again;
revived; restored.</def></p>

<p><hw>Red-light district</hw>. <def>A district or neighborhood in
which disorderly resorts are frequent; -- so called in allusion to the
red light kept in front of many such resorts at night.</def> [Colloq.
or Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Re*duc"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A contrivance for reducing the
dimensions of one part so as to fit it to another, as a reducing
coupling, or a device for holding a drilling a chuck.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A reducing motion.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def>A reducing valve.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A hydraulic
device for reducing pressure and hence increasing movement, used to
transmit the load from the hydraulic support of the lower shackle to
the lever weighing apparatus in some kinds of heavy testing
machines.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A reducing agent, either
a developer or an agent for reducing density.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re&euml;nforced concrete</hw>. <def>Concrete having within its
mass a system of strengthening iron or steel supports. = <u>Ferro-
concrete</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*fait"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <i>(Card
Playing)</i> <def>A drawn game;</def> specif. <i>(Trente et
quarante)</i>, <def>a state of the game in which the aggregate pip
value of cards dealt to red equals that of those dealt to black. All
bets are then off; unless the value is 31, in which case the banker
wins half the stakes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ref`er*en"dum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
da</b></plw> (#). [Gerundive fr. L. <i>referre</i>. See <u>Refer</u>.]
<def>The principle or practice of referring measures passed upon by
the legislative body to the body of voters, or electorate, for
approval or rejection, as in the Swiss cantons (except Freiburg) and
in various local governments in the United States, and also in the
local option laws, etc.; also, the right to so approve or reject laws,
or the vote by which this is done. <i>Referendum</i> is distinguished
from the <i>mandate</i>, or instruction of representatives by the
people, from <i>direct government</i> by the people, in which they
initiate and make the laws by direct action without representation,
and from a <i>plebiscite</i>, or popular vote taken on any measure
proposed by a person or body having the initiative but not
constituting a representative or constituent body.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*flet"</hw> (r<i>e</i>*fl&ebreve;"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F., reflection. See <u>Reflect</u>.] <def>Luster; special brilliancy
of surface; -- used esp. in ceramics to denote the peculiar metallic
brilliancy seen in lustered pottery such as majolica; as, silver
<i>reflet</i>; gold <i>reflet</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*for"est</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Reforested</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Reforesting</u>.] <def>To replant with trees; to
reafforest; to reforestize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re"gent di"a*mond</hw>. <def>A famous diamond of fine quality,
which weighs about 137 carats and is among the state jewels of France.
It is so called from the Duke of Orleans, Regent of France, to whom it
was sold in 1717 by Pitt the English Governor of Madras (whence also
called the <i>Pitt diamond</i>), who bought it of an Indian merchant
in 1701.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re`gi*dor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
dores</b></plw> (#). [Sp., fr. <i>regir</i> to rule, L.
<i>regere</i>.] <def>One of a body of officers charged with the
government of Spanish municipalities, corresponding to the English
alderman.</def></p>

<p><hw>||R&eacute;`gie"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Direct management of public finance or public
works by agents of the government for government account; -- opposed
to the <i><b>contract system</b></i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  Specif.: <def>The system of collecting taxes by
officials who have either no interest or a very small interest in the
proceeds, as distinguished from the ancient system of farming them
out.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Any kind of government monopoly (tobacco,
salt, etc.) used chiefly as a means of taxation. Such monopolies are
largely employed in Austria, Italy, France, and Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reg"i*ment</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form into
classified units or bodies; to systematize according to classes,
districts or the like.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The people are organized or <i>regimented</i> into
bodies, and special functions are relegated to the several
units.</blockquote>  <i>J. W. Powell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Reg"is*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Securities)</i> <def>To enter the name of the owner of (a share of
stock, a bond, or other security) in a register, or record book. A
registered security is transferable only on the written assignment of
the owner of record and on surrender of his bond, stock certificate,
or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Reichs"tag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The national
representative body of Hungary, consisting of a House of Magnates
(including archdukes, peers, high officials of the Roman Catholic,
Greek, and Protestant Churches, and certain other dignitaries) and a
House of Representatives (in 1912 consisting of 453 members). See
<u>Legislative</u>, <u>Diet</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*ju"ve*na`ted</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. a.</i></pos> from
<u>Rejuvenate</u>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Rendered young again; as,
<i>rejuvenated</i> life.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Stimulated by uplift to renewed erosive activity; -- said of
streams.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Developed with steep slopes
inside a district previously worn down nearly to base level; -- said
of topography, or features of topography, as valleys, hills,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*lay"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>Relating
to, or having the characteristics of, an auxiliary apparatus put into
action by a feeble force but itself capable of exerting greater force,
used to control a comparatively powerful machine or
appliance.</def><BR>
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]</p>

<p><hw>Relay cylinder</hw>. <def>In a variable expansion central-valve
engine, a small auxiliary engine for automatically adjusting the steam
distribution to the load on the main engine.</def><BR>
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]</p>

<p><hw>Relay governor</hw>. <def>A speed regulator, as a water-wheel
governor, embodying the relay principle.</def><BR>
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]</p>

<p><hw>Re*lease"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A device adapted to hold or release a device or
mechanism as required;</def> specif.: <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A catch on a
motor-starting rheostat, which automatically releases the rheostat arm
and so stops the motor in case of a break in the field circuit; also,
the catch on an electromagnetic circuit breaker for a motor, which
acts in case of an overload.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>The act or manner of ending
a sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>In the block-signaling
system, a printed card conveying information and instructions to be
used at intermediate sidings without telegraphic stations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*luc"tance</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Magnetic resistance, being equal to the ratio of magnetomotive
force to magnetic flux.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rel`uc*tiv"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Specific reluctance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*marque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>Remark</hw>.
<i>(Engraving)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small design etched on
the margin of a plate and supposed to be removed after the earliest
proofs have been taken; also, any feature distinguishing a particular
stage of the plate.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A print or proof so
distinguished; -- commonly called a <i><hw>Remarque
proof</hw></i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*mise"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A house for covered carriages; a chaise house.</def>
<i>Sterne.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A livery carriage of a kind superior to an
ordinary fiacre; -- so called because kept in a remise.</def>
<i>Cooper.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||R&eacute;`mo`lade"</hw> (?), <hw>||R&eacute;`mou`lade"</hw>
(?) }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>An ointment used in
farriery.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That portion of the produce of the earth paid
to the landlord for the use of the "original and indestructible powers
of the soil;" the excess of the return from a given piece of
cultivated land over that from land of equal area at the "margin of
cultivation." Called also <i>economic, or Ricardian, rent</i>.
Economic rent is due partly to differences of productivity, but
chiefly to advantages of location; it is equivalent to ordinary or
commercial rent less interest on improvements, and nearly equivalent
to <i>ground rent</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Loosely, a
return or profit from a differential advantage for production, as in
case of income or earnings due to rare natural gifts creating a
natural monopoly.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*pous`sage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Repouss&eacute;</u>.] <i>(Art)</i> <def>Art or process of hammering
out or pressing thin metal from the reverse side: (1) in producing
repouss&eacute; work; (2) in leveling up any part of an etched plate
that has been worked so as to cause a depression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re`pro*duc"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>In a phonograph, a device containing a sounding diaphragm and the
needle or stylus that traverses the moving record, for reproducing the
sound.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In a manograph, a device for reproducing
the engine stroke on a reduced scale.</def></p>

<p><hw>||R&eacute;`seau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
network;</def> specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>A
system of lines forming small squares of standard size, which is
photographed, by a separate exposure, on the same plate with star
images to facilitate measurements, detect changes of the film,
etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In lace, a ground or foundation of
regular meshes, like network.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*serve"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Finance)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That part of the assets of a
bank or other financial institution specially kept in cash in a more
or less liquid form as a reasonable provision for meeting all demands
which may be made upon it;</def> specif.: <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<i>(Banking)</i> <def>Usually, the uninvested cash kept on hand for
this purpose, called the <i>real reserve</i>. In Great Britain the
ultimate <i>real reserve</i> is the gold kept on hand in the Bank of
England, largely represented by the notes in hand in its own banking
department; and any balance which a bank has with the Bank of England
is a part of its <i>reserve</i>. In the United States the reserve of a
national bank consists of the amount of lawful money it holds on hand
against deposits, which is required by law to be not less than 15 per
cent (<i>U. S. Rev. Stat. secs. 5191, 5192</i>), three fifths of which
the banks not in a reserve city (which see) may keep deposited as
balances in national banks that are in reserve cities (<i>U. S. Rev.
Stat. sec. 5192</i>).</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Life
Insurance)</i> <def>The amount of funds or assets necessary for a
company to have at any given time to enable it, with interest and
premiums paid as they shall accure, to meet all claims on the
insurance then in force as they would mature according to the
particular mortality table accepted. The reserve is always reckoned as
a liability, and is calculated on net premiums. It is theoretically
the difference between the present value of the total insurance and
the present value of the future premiums on the insurance. The
reserve, being an amount for which another company could,
theoretically, afford to take over the insurance, is sometimes called
the <col><b>reinsurance fund</b></col> or the <col><b>self-insurance
fund</b></col>. For the first year upon any policy the net premium is
called the <col><b>initial reserve</b></col>, and the balance left at
the end of the year including interest is the <col><b>terminal
reserve</b></col>. For subsequent years the <i>initial reserve</i> is
the net premium, if any, plus the terminal reserve of the previous
year. The portion of the reserve to be absorbed from the initial
reserve in any year in payment of losses is sometimes called the
<col><b>insurance reserve</b></col>, and the terminal reserve is then
called the <col><b>investment reserve</b></col>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In exhibitions, a distinction which
indicates that the recipient will get a prize if another should be
disqualified.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Calico Printing)</i> <def>A
resist.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>A preparation used on an object being
electroplated to fix the limits of the deposit.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn>  <def>See <u>Army organization</u>,
above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Reserve city</hw>. <i>(Banking)</i> <def>In the national
banking system of the United States, any of certain cities in which
the national banks are required (<i>U. S. Rev. Stat. sec. 5191</i>) to
keep a larger reserve (25 per cent) than the minimum (15 per cent)
required of all other banks. The banks in certain of the reserve
cities (specifically called <i>central reserve cities</i>) are
required to keep their reserve on hand in cash; banks in other reserve
cities may keep half of their reserve as deposits in these banks
(<i>U. S. Rev. Stat. sec. 5195</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re`si*den"cia</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>In
Spanish countries, a court or trial held, sometimes as long as six
months, by a newly elected official, as the governor of a province, to
examine into the conduct of a predecessor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sist"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Technical)</i>
<def>Something that resists or prevents a certain action;</def>
specif.: <def>A substance applied to a surface, as of metal, to
prevent the action on it of acid or other chemical agent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sist"ance frame`</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A rheostat
consisting of an open frame on which are stretched spirals of wire.
Being freely exposed to the air, they radiate heat rapidly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*nance</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An electric
phenomenon corresponding to that of acoustic resonance, due to the
existance of certain relations of the capacity, inductance,
resistance, and frequency of an alternating circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*nant</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Adjusted as to dimensions (as an electric circuit) so that
currents or electric surgings are produced by the passage of electric
waves of a given frequency.</def></p>

<p><hw>Res"o*na`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. &amp; G.]
<def>Anything that resounds or resonates;</def> specif.:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Teleg.)</i> <def>An open box for containing a
sounder and designed to concentrate and amplify the sound.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Any of various apparatus for
exhibiting or utilizing the effects of resonance in connection with
open circuits, as a device having an oscillating circuit which
includes a helix of bare copper wire, a variable number of coils of
which can be connected in circuit with a condenser and spark gap
excited with an induction coil. It is used to create high-frequency
electric brush discharges.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(Wireless
Teleg.)</i> <def>The antenna system and other high-frequency circuits
of a receiving apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*sorp"tion</hw> (r&esl;*s&ocirc;rp"sh&ubreve;n),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Petrography)</i> <def>The redissolving wholly
or in part, in the molten magma of an igneous rock, of crystals
previously formed. The dissolved material may again solidify, giving
rise to a mass of small crystals, usually of a different
kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Res"sal*dar</hw> (r&ebreve;s"s<i>a</i>l*d&auml;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>ris&amacr;ld&amacr;r</i>, fr.
<i>ris&amacr;l&amacr;</i> troop of horse + Per. <i>d&amacr;r</i>
holding.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>In the Anglo-Indian army, a native
commander of a ressala.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rest cure</hw>. <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Treatment of severe nervous
disorder, as neurasthenia, by rest and isolation with systematic
feeding and the use of massage and electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Re*tard"er</hw> (r&esl;*t&auml;r"d&etilde;r),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Steam Boiler)</i> <def>Any
of various devices, as a helix of flat metal strip, introduced into a
boiler tube to increase the heating effect of the fire.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A substance, as potassium
bromide, added to a developer to retard its action.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*trous`s&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., p.p.
of <i>retrousser</i> to turn up.] <def>Turned up; -- said of a pug
nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Re*vers"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.sing &amp; pl.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Reverse</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <i>(Dressmaking, Tailoring,
etc.)</i> <def>A part turned or folded back so as to show the inside,
or a piece put on in imitation of such a part, as the lapel of a
coat.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rez`-de-chaus`s&eacute;e"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.,
lit., level of the street. See <u>Raze</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>,
and <u>Causey</u>.] <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The ground story of a
building, either on a level with the street or raised slightly above
it; -- said esp. of buildings on the continent of Europe.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Tier above tier of neat apartments rise over the little
shops which form the <i>rez-de-chauss&eacute;e</i>.</blockquote>
<i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rhe"o*crat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>"rei^n</grk> to flow + <grk>kratei^n</grk> to rule.]
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A kind of motor speed controller permitting of
very gradual variation in speed and of reverse. It is especially
suitable for use with motor driven machine tools.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ri*dot"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Redoubt</u>.] <i>(Music)</i> <def>An arrangement or abridgment of a
piece from the full score.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ri*fa`ci*men"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Rifacimenti</b></plw> (#). [It.] <def>A remaking or recasting;
an adaptation, esp. of a literary work or musical
composition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rif"fle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Riffle</u> a
trough.] <def>A ripple in a stream or current of water; also, a place
where the water ripples, as on a shallow rapid.</def> [Local, U.
S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The bass have left the cool depth beside the rock and
are on the <i>riffle</i> or just below it.</blockquote>  <i>James A.
Henshall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rig"ger</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Painting)</i> <def>A
long slender, and pointed sable brush for making fine lines, etc.; --
said to be so called from its use by marine painters for drawing the
lines of the rigging.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rig`o*lette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr.
<i>Rigolette</i>, name of a girl in Eugene Sue's novel
"Myst&egrave;res de Paris."] <def>A woman's light scarflike head
covering, usually knit or crocheted of wool.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2009 !></p>

<p><hw>Rig"or*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>rigorisme</i>.] <i>(Ethics)</i> <def>Strictness in ethical
principles; -- usually applied to ascetic ethics, and opposed to
ethical <i>latitudinarianism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rigs"dag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dan. Cf.
<u>Reichstag</u>.] <def>See <u>Legislature</u>,
<i>Denmark</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rim"-fire`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the
percussion fulminate in a rim surrounding the base, distinguished from
<i>center-fire</i>; -- said of cartridges; also, using rim-fire
cartridges; as, a <i>rim-fire</i> gun. Such cartridges are now little
used.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rin*con"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Rincones</b></plw> (#). [Sp. <i>rinc&oacute;n</i>.] <def>An
interior corner; a nook; hence, an angular recess or hollow bend in a
mountain, river, cliff, or the like.</def> [Western &amp; Southern U. S.]
<i>D. S. Jordan.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ring armature</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An armature for a
dynamo or motor having the conductors wound on a ring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ring winding</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Armature winding in
which the wire is wound round the outer and inner surfaces alternately
of an annular or cylindrical core.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rip cord</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A cord by which
the gas bag of a balloon may be ripped open for a limited distance to
release the gas quickly and so cause immediate descent.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Rip"per act</hw> or <hw>bill</hw> }. <def>An act or a bill
conferring upon a chief executive, as a governor or mayor, large
powers of appointment and removal of heads of departments or other
subordinate officials.</def> [Polit. Cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Rip"ping cord</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>= <u>Rip
cord</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ripping panel</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A long
patch, on a balloon, to be ripped off, by the rip cord, at landing, in
order to allow the immediate escape of gas and instant deflation of
the bag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ripping strip</hw>. <def>= <u>Ripping panel</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rise</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [See <u>Rise</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To go up; to  ascend;
to climb; as, to <i>rise</i> a hill.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To cause to rise; as, to <i>rise</i> a
fish, or cause it to  come to the surface of the water; to <i>rise</i>
a ship, or bring it above the horizon by approaching it; to
raise.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Until we <i>rose</i> the bark we could not pretend to
call it a chase.</blockquote>  <i>W. C. Russell.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ris`qu&eacute;"</hw>, <pos><i>a. masc.</i></pos>,
<hw>||Ris`qu&eacute;e"</hw>, <pos><i>a. fem.</i></pos> }, (&?;). [F.,
p.p. of <i>risquer</i> to risk.] <def>Hazardous; risky; esp., fig.,
verging upon impropriety; dangerously close to, or suggestive of, what
is indecent or of doubtful morality; as, a <i>risqu&eacute;</i>
story.</def>  <i>Henry Austin.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ri`vi&egrave;re"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
necklace of diamonds or other precious stones, esp. one of several
strings.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roar"ing for"ties</hw> (?). <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>The middle
latitudes of the southern hemisphere. So called from the boisterous
and prevailing westerly winds, which are especially strong in the
South Indian Ocean up to 50&deg; S.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rob"a*lo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>r&oacute;balo</i>.] <def>Any of several pikelike marine fishes of
the West Indies and tropical America constituting the family
Oxylabracid&aelig;, esp. the largest species (<i>Oxylabrax, syn.
Centropomus, undecimalis</i>), a valuable food fish called also
<i>snook</i>, the smaller species being called <hw>Rob`a*li"to</hw>
(&?;).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ro"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., oak.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The California white oak (<i>Quercus
lobata</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ro`caille"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. Cf. <u>Rock</u>
a stone.] <i>(Art)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Artificial rockwork
made of rough stones and cement, as for gardens.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The rococo system of scroll ornament, based
in part on the forms of shells and water-worn rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roe, Richard</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>A fictious name for a
party, real or fictious, to an act or proceeding. Other names were
formerly similarly used, as <i>John-a-Nokes</i>, <i>John o'</i>, or
<i>of the</i>, <i>Nokes</i>, or <i>Noakes</i>, <i>John-a-Stiles</i>,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rog"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From a proper name
<i>Roger</i>.] <def>A black flag with white skull and crossbones,
formerly used by pirates; -- called also <i>Jolly Roger</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roll"er bear"ing</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A bearing containing
friction rollers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roller coaster</hw>. <def>An amusement railroad in which cars
coast by gravity over a long winding track, with steep pitches and
ascents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rol"li*che</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also
<hw>Rol"le*jee</hw> (&?;), <hw>Rol"li*chie</hw>.] [D. <i>rolletje</i>
a little roll.] <def>A kind of sausage, made in a bag of tripe, sliced
and fried, famous among the Dutch of New Amsterdam and still known,
esp. in New Jersey.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"ma*ji*ka`i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap.
<i>r&omacr;majikai</i>.] <def>An association, including both Japanese
and Europeans, having for its object the changing of the Japanese
method of writing by substituting Roman letters for Japanese
characters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roman calendar</hw>. <def>The calendar of the ancient Romans,
from which our modern calendars are derived. It is said to have
consisted originally of ten months, <i>Martius</i>, <i>Aprilis</i>,
<i>Maius</i>, <i>Junius</i>, <i>Quintilis</i>, <i>Sextilis</i>,
September, October, November, and December, having a total of 304
days. Numa added two months, <i>Januarius</i> at the beginning of the
year, and <i>Februarius</i> at the end, making in all 355 days. He
also ordered an intercalary month, <i>Mercedinus</i>, to be inserted
every second year. Later the order of the months was changed so that
January should come before February. Through abuse of power by the
pontiffs to whose care it was committed, this calendar fell into
confusion. It was replaced by the Julian calendar. In designating the
days of the month, the Romans reckoned backward from three fixed
points, the <i>calends</i>, the <i>nones</i>, and the <i>ides</i>. The
calends were always the first day of the month. The ides fell on the
15th in March, May, July (Quintilis), and October, and on the 13th in
other months. The nones came on the eighth day (the <i>ninth</i>,
counting the ides) before the ides. Thus, Jan. 13 was called the ides
of January, Jan. 12, the day before the ides, and Jan. 11, the
<i>third</i> day before the ides (since the ides count as one), while
Jan. 14 was the 19th day before the calends of February.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ro"nin"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap. <i>r&omacr;-
nin</i>, fr. Chin. <i>lang</i> profligate, lawless + <i>j&ecirc;n</i>
(old sound <i>n&imacr;n</i>) man.] <def>In Japan, under the feudal
system, a samurai who had renounced his clan or who had been
discharged or ostracized and had become a wanderer without a lord; an
outcast; an outlaw.</def></p>

<p><hw>R&ouml;nt"gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to the German physicist Wilhelm Konrad R&ouml;ntgen, or the
rays discovered by him; as, <i>R&ouml;ntgen</i> apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>R&ouml;nt"gen*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>To render (air or other gas) conducting by the
passage of R&ouml;ntgen rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>R&ouml;ntgen ray</hw>. <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Any of the rays
produced when cathode rays strike upon surface of a solid (as the wall
of the vacuum tube). R&ouml;ntgen rays are noted for their penetration
of many opaque substances, as wood and flesh, their action on
photographic plates, and their fluorescent effects. They were called
<i>X rays</i> by their discoverer, W. K. R&ouml;ntgen. They also
ionize gases, but cannot be reflected, or polarized, or deflected by a
magnetic field. They are regarded as nonperiodic, transverse pulses in
the ether. They are used in examining opaque objects, as for locating
fractures or bullets in the human body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Root</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Rout</u> to roar.]
<def>To shout for, or otherwise noisly applaud or encourage, a
contestant, as in sports; hence, to wish earnestly for the success of
some one or the happening of some event, with the superstitious notion
that this action may have efficacy; -- usually with <i>for</i>; as,
the crowd <i>rooted</i> for the home team.</def> [Slang or Cant, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Root"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who roots, or
applauds.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Roque</hw> (r&omacr;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Abbr. fr.
<u>Croquet</u>.] <def>A form of croquet modified for greater accuracy
of play. The court has a wood border often faced with rubber, used as
a cushion in bank shots. The balls are 3&frac14; in. in diameter, the
cage (center arches or wickets) 3&frac38; in. wide, the other arches
3&frac12; in. wide.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Roque`fort" cheese</hw>, or <hw>Roque`fort"</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A highly flavored blue-molded cheese, made
at Roquefort, department of Aveyron, France. It is made from milk of
ewes, sometimes with cow's milk added, and is cured in caves.
Improperly, a cheese made in imitation of it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ros"sel cur`rent</hw> (?). [From <i>Rossel</i> Island, in the
Louisiade Archipelago.] <i>(Oceanography)</i> <def>A portion of the
southern equatorial current flowing westward from the Fiji Islands to
New Guinea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photography)</i>
<def>A photograph printed by a process in which a strip or roll of
sensitized paper is automatically fed over the negative so that a
series of prints are made, and are then developed, fixed, cut apart,
and washed at a very rapid rate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ro"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The
rotating part of a generator or motor.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ro`ture</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The condition of being a roturier.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Fr. &amp; Canadian Law)</i> <def>A feudal
tenure of lands by one who has no privileges of nobility, but is
permitted to discharge all his obligations to his feudal lord or
superior by a payment of rent in money or kind and without rendering
any personal services.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rough"rid`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An officer or
enlisted man in the 1st U. S. Volunteer Cavalry, a regiment raised for
the Spanish war of 1898, composed mostly of Western cowboys and
hunters and Eastern college athletes and sportsmen, largely organized,
and later commanded, by Theodore Roosevelt. Sometimes, locally, a
member of any of various volunteer cavalry commands raised in
1898.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Rou*lette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small toothed
wheel used to make short incisions in paper, as a sheet of postage
stamps to facilitate their separation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rou*lette"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make short
incisions in with a roulette; to separate by incisions made with a
roulette; as, to <i>roulette</i> a sheet of postage stamps.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rou*ma"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>Rumanian</i>.] [From <i>Roumania</i>, the name of the country,
Roumanian <i>Rom&acirc;nia</i>, fr. <i>Rom&acirc;n</i> Roumanian, L.
<i>Romanus</i> Roman.] <def>Of or pertaining to Roumania.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rou*ma"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An inhabitant of
Roumania; also, the language of Roumania, one of the Romance or
Romanic languages descended from Latin, but containing many words from
other languages, as Slavic, Turkish, and Greek.</def></p>

<p><hw>Round"-up`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
rounding up, or upward curvature or convexity, as in the deck of a
vessel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A gathering in of scattered persons or
things; as, s <i>round-up</i> of criminals.</def> [Colloq., U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Rout" cake`</hw> (?). <def>A kind of rich sweet cake made for
routs, or evening parties.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Twenty-four little <i>rout cakes</i> that were lying
neglected in a plate.</blockquote>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Rout"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A
machine with a rapidly revolving vertical spindle and cutter for
scooping out the surface of wood or metal, as between and around the
engraved parts of an electrotype.</def></p>

<p><hw>Roy"al</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Auction Bridge)</i>
<def>A royal spade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Royal spade</hw>. <i>(Auction Bridge)</i> <def>A spade when
spades are trumps under the condition that every trick over six taken
by the successful bidder has a score value of 9; -- usually in
<i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Rub</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Rub of the
green</b></col> <i>(Golf)</i>, <cd>anything happening to a ball in
motion, such as its being deflected or stopped by any agency outside
the match, or by the fore caddie.</cd></p>

<p><hw>||Ru*bai*yat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; <i>sing.</i>
<singw><b>Rubai</b></singw> (&?;). [Ar. <i>rub&amacr;'iy&amacr;h</i>
quatrian, pl. of <i>rub&amacr;'iy</i> having four radicals, fr.
<i>rub&amacr;'</i> four.] <def>Quatrians; as, the <i>Rubaiyat</i> of
Omar Khayyam. Sometimes in <i>pl.</i> construed as
<pos><i>sing.</i></pos>, a poem in such stanzas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rub"ber*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To coat or
impregnate with rubber or a rubber solution or preparation, as
silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Rud*beck"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named
after Olaf <i>Rudebeck</i>, a Swedish botanist.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A
genus of composite plants, the coneflowers, consisting of perennial
herbs with showy pedunculate heads, having a hemispherical involucre,
sterile ray flowers, and a conical chaffy receptacle. There are about
thirty species, exclusively North American. <i>Rudbeckia hirta</i>,
the  black-eyed Susan, is a common weed in meadows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rud"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In an aircraft, a
surface the function of which is to exert a turning moment about an
axis of the craft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rule</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Rule of the
road</b></col> <i>(Law)</i>, <cd>any of the various regulations
imposed upon travelers by land or water for their mutual convenience
or safety. In the United States it is a rule of the road that land
travelers passing in opposite directions shall turn out each to his
own right, and generally that overtaking persons or vehicles shall
turn out to the left; in England the rule for vehicles (but not for
pedestrians) is the opposite of this.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Run</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Piquet, Cribbage, etc.)</i> <def>A number of cards of the same
suit in sequence; as, a <i>run</i> of four in hearts.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Golf)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The
movement communicated to a golf ball by running.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The distance a ball travels after touching
the ground from a stroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Run</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>To strike
(the ball) in such a way as to cause it to run along the ground, as
when approaching a hole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Run"-a*round`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A
whitlow running around the finger nail, but not affecting the
bone.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Run"ning load</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The air pressure supported by each
longitudinal foot segment of a wing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Commonly, the whole weight of a&euml;roplane and load divided by
the span, or length from tip to tip.</def></p>

<p><hw>Rus"sian Church</hw>. <def>The established church of the
Russian empire. It forms a portion, by far the largest, of the Eastern
Church and is governed by the Holy Synod. The czar is the head of the
church, but he has never claimed the right of deciding questions of
theology and dogma.</def></p>

<p><point26>S.</point26></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`bo`tage"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Scamped work.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Malicious waste or destruction of an employer's property or
injury to his interests by workmen during labor troubles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sad"dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>A ridge connected two higher elevations; a
low point in the crest line of a ridge; a col.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A formation of gold-
bearing quartz occurring along the crest of an anticlinal fold, esp.
in Australia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Saeng"er*bund`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>G. pl.</i>
<plw><b>-b&uuml;nde</b></plw> (#). [G. <i>s&auml;ngerbund</i>.]
<i>(Music)</i> <def>A singers' union; an association of singers or
singing clubs, esp. German.</def></p>

<p><hw>Safe"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Amer. Football)</i> <def>A safety touchdown.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Short for <u>Safety bicycle</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Safety bicycle</hw>. <def>A bicycle with equal or nearly equal
wheels, usually 28 inches diameter, driven by pedals connected to the
rear (driving) wheel by a multiplying gear.</def></p>

<p><hw>Safety chain</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Railroads)</i>
<def>A normally slack chain for preventing excessive movement between
a truck and a car body in sluing.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
auxiliary watch chain, secured to the clothes, usually out of sight,
to prevent stealing of the watch.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A
chain of sheet metal links with an elongated hole through each broad
end, made up by doubling the first link on itself, slipping the next
link through and doubling, and so on.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sagebrush State</hw>. <def>Nevada; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saint-Si"mon*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A system
of socialism in which the state owns all the property and the laborer
is entitled to share according to the quality and  amount of his work,
founded by <i>Saint Simon</i> (1760-1825).</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sak"i*eh</hw> (?), <hw>Sak"i*yeh</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>} [Ar. <i>s&amacr;q&imacr;ah</i> canal, trench.]
<def>A kind of water wheel used in Egypt for raising water, from wells
or pits, in buckets attached to its periphery or to an endless
rope.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa`lon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An apartment for
the reception and exhibition of works of art; hence, an annual
exhibition of paintings, sculptures, etc., held in Paris by the
Society of French Artists; -- sometimes called the <i><col><b>Old
Salon</b></col></i>. <col><b>New Salon</b></col> is a popular name for
an annual exhibition of paintings, sculptures, etc., held in Paris at
the Champs de Mars, by the Soci&eacute;t&eacute; Nationale des Beaux-
Arts (National Society of Fine Arts), a body of artists who, in 1890,
seceded from the Soci&eacute;t&eacute; des Artistes Fran&ccedil;ais
(Society of French Artists).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sa*maj"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>sam&amacr;j</i> meeting, assembly, fr. Skr. <i>sam&amacr;ja</i> a
community.] <def>A society or congregation; a church or religious
body.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Sam"bo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>zambo</i> bandy-
legged, the child of a negro and an Indian; prob. of African origin.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A negro; sometimes, the offspring of a black
person and a mulatto.</def> [Colloq. or Humorous]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In Central America, an Indian and negro
half-breed, or mixed blood.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2010 !></p>

<p><hw>||Sam"i*sen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>A Japanese musical instrument with three strings, resembling a
guitar or banjo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Samp</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Massachusetts Indian
<i>nas&agrave;ump</i> unparched meal porridge.] <def>An article of
food consisting of maize broken or bruised, which is cooked by
boiling, and usually eaten with milk; coarse hominy.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Sa"mu*rai`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl. &amp; sing.</i></pos> [Jap.]
<def>In the former feudal system of Japan, the class or a member of
the class, of military retainers of the daimios, constituting the
gentry or lesser nobility. They possessed power of life and death over
the commoners, and wore two swords as their distinguishing mark. Their
special rights and privileges were abolished with the fall of
feudalism in 1871.</def></p>

<p><hw>San"cho</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., a proper name.]
<i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>The nine of trumps in sancho
pedro.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sancho pedro</hw>. [Sp. <i>Pedro</i> Peter.] <i>(Card
Playing)</i> <def>A variety of auction pitch in which the nine
(<i>sancho</i>) and five (<i>pedro</i>) of trumps are added as
counting cards at their pip value, and the ten of trumps counts
game.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sand"-lot`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lit., of or pert. to
a lot or piece of sandy ground, -- hence, pert. to, or characteristic
of, the policy or practices of the socialistic or communistic
followers of the Irish agitator Denis Kearney, who delivered many of
his speeches in the open sand lots about San Francisco; as, the
<col><b>sand-lot constitution</b></col> of California, framed in 1879,
under the influence of <i>sand-lot</i> agitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>San Jo*s&eacute;" scale</hw> (?). <def>A very destructive scale
insect (<i>Aspidiotus perniciosus</i>) that infests the apple, pear,
and other fruit trees. So called because first introduced into the
United States at <i>San Jos&eacute;</i>, California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sap"ro*phyt*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>State or
fact of being saprophytic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sas*tru"gi</hw> (?). <def>Incorrect, but common, var. of
<u>Zastrugi</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat`i*nette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of a breed
of fancy frilled pigeons allied to the owls and turbits, having the
body white, the shoulders tricolored, and the tail bluish black with a
large white spot on each feather.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sat"in weave</hw>. <def>A style of weaving producing smooth-
faced fabric in which the warp interlaces with the filling at points
distributed over the surface.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sav"vy</hw>, <hw>Sav"vey</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos> [Written also <i>savey</i>.] [Sp. <i>saber</i> to know,
<i>sabe usted</i> do you know?] <def>To understand; to comprehend;
know.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sav"vy</hw>, <hw>Sav"vey</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Comprehension; knowledge of affairs; mental grasp.</def> [Slang,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sax"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after the
kingdom of <i>Saxony</i>, reputed to produce fine wool.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A kind of glossy woolen cloth formerly much
used.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Saxony yarn, or flannel made of it or
similar yarn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Saxony yarn</hw>. <def>A fine grade of woolen yarn twisted
somewhat harder and smoother than zephyr yarn.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scab</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of
various more or less destructive fungus diseases attacking cultivated
plants, and usually forming dark-colored crustlike spots.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scar"ab</hw>, <hw>Scar"a*bee`</hw>  }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> }
<def>Same as <u>Scarab&aelig;us</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scar*a*b&aelig;"us</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Egypt.
Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <def>A conventionalized representation of a
beetle, with its legs held closely at its sides, carved in natural or
made in baked clay, and commonly having an inscription on the flat
underside.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scav"enge</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Internal-
combustion Engines)</i> <def>To remove the burned gases from the
cylinder after a working stroke; as, this engine does not
<i>scavenge</i> well.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scav"enge</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To remove (burned
gases) from the cylinder after a working stroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scav"eng*ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> of
<u>Scavenge</u>. Hence, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Internal-combustion
Engines)</i> <def>Act or process of expelling the exhaust gases from
the cylinder by some special means, as, in many four-cycle engines, by
utilizing the momentum of the exhaust gases in a long exhaust
pipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schap"pe</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. dial. (Swiss),
waste, impurity.] <def>A silk yarn or fabric made out of carded spun
silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schat"chen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Yiddish, fr. NHeb.
<i>shadkh&amacr;n</i>, fr. <i>sh&amacr;dakh</i> to bring about a
marriage, orig., to persuade.] <def>A person whose business is
marriage brokage; a marriage broker, esp. among certain
Jews.</def></p>

<p><hw>Schi"zont</hw> (sk&imacr;"z&obreve;nt <i>or</i>
sk&imacr;z"&obreve;nt), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, p.pr.,
cleaving.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>In certain Sporozoa, a cell formed
by the growth of a sporozoite or merozoite (in a cell or corpuscle of
the host) which segment by superficial cleavage, without encystment or
conjugation, into  merozoites.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Schnor"rer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Yiddish, fr. G.
<i>schnurrer</i>, fr. <i>schnurren</i> to hum, whir, hence, from the
sound of the musical instrument used by strolling beggars, to beg.]
<def>Among the Jews, a beggar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sci*ag"ra*phy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Radiography</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sclaff</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sclaffed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sclaffing</u>.] [Orig. uncert.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To scuff or
shuffle along.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Golf)</i> <def>To scrape the ground with
the sole of the club, before striking the ball, in making a
stroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sclaff</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>To
scrape (the club) on the ground, in a stroke, before hitting the ball;
also, to make (a stroke) in that way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sclaff</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [Scot.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A slight blow; a slap; a soft fall; also, the accompanying
noise.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Golf)</i> <def>The stroke made by one who
sclaffs.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A thin, solid substance, esp. a thin shoe
or slipper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scoop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A beat.</def>
[Newspaper Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Scoop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To get a scoop, or a
beat, on (a rival).</def> [Newspaper Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Scorch</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To ride or drive at
great, usually at excessive, speed; -- applied chiefly to
automobilists and bicyclists. [Colloq.]</def> -- <wf>Scorch"er</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Score</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To keep the score in a game; to act as scorer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To make or count a point or points, as in
a game; to tally.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To run up a score, or account of
dues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch rite</hw>. <i>(Freemasonry)</i> <def>The ceremonial
observed by one of the <col><b>Masonic systems</b></col>, called in
full the Ancient and Accepted Scotch Rite; also, the system itself,
which confers thirty-three degrees, of which the first three are
nearly identical with those of the York rite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scotch terrier</hw>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>One of a breed of
small terriers with long, rough hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scot"tish ter"ri*er</hw>. <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Same as
<i>Scotch terrier</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scour</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To cleanse or
clear, as by a current of water; to flush.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If my neighbor ought to <i>scour</i> a
ditch.</blockquote>  <i>Blackstone.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scour</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The
act of scouring.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A place scoured out by running water, as
in the bed of a stream below a fall.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>If you catch the two sole denizens [trout] of a
particular <i>scour</i>, you will find another pair installed in their
place to-morrow.</blockquote>  <i>Grant Allen.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A boy scout (which see,
above).</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrag</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scrag</u>.]
<def>To seize, pull, or twist the neck of; specif., to hang by the
neck; to kill by hanging.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An enthusiastic mob will <i>scrag</i> me to a certainty
the day war breaks out.</blockquote>  <i>Pall Mall Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Scram"bled eggs</hw> (?). <def>Eggs of which the whites and
yolks are stirred together while cooking, or eggs beaten slightly,
often with a little milk, and stirred while cooking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrap"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Dim. of
<i>scrap</i>.] <def>An article of food made by boiling together bits
or scraps of meat, usually pork, and flour or Indian meal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scratch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In various sports, the
line from which the start is made, except in the case of contestants
receiving a distance handicap.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Scratch player</hw>, <hw>runner</hw>, etc. } <def>One that
starts from the scratch; hence, one of first-rate ability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scream"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something so remarkable as to provoke a scream, as of joy.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An exclamation mark.</def> [Printer's
Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Screen</hw> (skr&emacr;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Cricket)</i> <def>An erection of white canvas or wood placed on
the boundary opposite a batsman to enable him to see ball
better.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scrub</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Vegetation of inferior quality, though sometimes thick and
impenetrable, growing in poor soil or in sand; also, brush. See
<u>Brush</u>, above.</def> [Australia &amp; South Africa]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Forestry)</i> <def>A low, straggling tree
of inferior quality.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Scru`tin" de liste"</hw> (skr&usdot;`t&abreve;N" d&etilde;
l&emacr;st). [F., voting by list.] <def>Voting for a group of
candidates for the same kind of office on one ticket or ballot,
containing a list of them; -- the method, used in France, as from
June, 1885, to Feb., 1889, in elections for the Chamber of Deputies,
each elector voting for the candidates for the whole department in
which he lived, as disting. from <col><b>scrutin
d'arrondissement</b></col> (d&adot;`r&ocirc;N`d&emacr;s`m&auml;N"), or
voting by each elector for the candidate or candidates for his own
arrondissement only.</def></p>

<p><hw>Scut"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Scuttle</u>,
<pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>To run quickly; to scurry; to
scuttle.</def> [Prov. Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A mangy little jackal . . . cocked up his ears and
tail, and <i>scuttered</i> across the shallows.</blockquote>
<i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Seal"skin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The skin of a
seal; the pelt of a seal prepared for use, esp. of the fur seal; also,
a garment made of this material.</def></p>

<p><hw>Search"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An apparatus for projecting a powerful beam
of light of approximately parallel rays, usually devised so that it
can be swiveled about.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The beam of
light projecting by this apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"cret serv"ice</hw>. <def>The detective service of a
government. In the United States, in time of peace the bureau of
secret service is under the treasury department, and in time of war it
aids the war department in securing information concerning the
movements of the enemy.</def></p>

<p><hw>See</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>In poker and similar
games at cards, to meet (a bet), or to equal the bet of (a player), by
staking the same sum.</def></p>

<p><hw>See"catch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>siekach</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A full-grown male fur
seal.</def> [Alaska]</p>

<p><hw>Seep"age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
seeping; percolation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Seis"mo*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; earthquake
+ <i>-gram</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The trace or record of an earth
tremor, made by means of a seismograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having its own or a
single nature or character, as in color, composition, etc., without
addition or change; unmixed; as, a <i>self</i> bow, one made from a
single piece of wood; <i>self</i> flower or plant, one which is wholly
of one color; <i>self</i>-colored.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-bind"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A reaping
machine containing mechanism for binding the grain into
sheaves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-ex*cite"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>To energize or excite (the field magnets of a dynamo) by
induction from the residual magnetism of its cores, leading all or a
part of the current thus produced through the field-magnet
coils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-hard"en*ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>Designating, or pert. to, any of various steels that harden when
heated to above a red heat and cooled in air, usually in a blast of
cold air with moderate rapidity, without quenching. Such steels are
alloys of iron and carbon with manganese, tungsten and manganese,
chromium, molybdenum and manganese, etc. They are chiefly used as
high-speed steels.</def> -- <wf>Self`-hard"en*ed</wf>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Self`-help"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
right or fact of redressing or preventing wrongs by one's own action
without recourse to legal proceedings, as in self-defense, distress,
abatement of a nuisance, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-in*duc"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Induction in a circuit due to the action of one portion of a
current upon an adjacent portion during periods of varying current
strength. The nature of the induction is such as to oppose the action
which produces it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Self`-start"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mechanism
(usually one operated by electricity, compressed air, a spring, or an
explosive gas), attached to an internal-combustion engine, as on an
automobile, and used as a means of starting the engine without
cranking it by hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*ma`si*ol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
signification + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>The science of
meanings or sense development (of words); the explanation of the
development and changes of the meanings of words.</def> --
<wf>Se*ma`si*o*log"ic*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Se*mat"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;, sign,
token.] <def>Significant; ominous; serving as a warning of danger; --
applied esp. to the warning colors or forms of certain
animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i-Die"sel</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating
an internal-combustion engine of a type resembling the Diesel engine
in using as fuel heavy oil which is injected in a spray just before
the end of the compression stroke and is fired without electrical
ignition. The fuel is sprayed into an iron box (called a <i>hot
bulb</i> or <i>hot pot</i>) opening into the combustion chamber, and
heated for ignition by a blast-lamp until the engine is running, when
it is, ordinarily, kept red hot by the heat of combustion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*nar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. See
<u>Seminary</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A group of students
engaged, under the guidance of an instructor, in original research in
a particular line of study, and in the exposition of the results by
theses, lectures, etc.; -- called also <i>seminary</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ra"di*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Half
radial.</def></p>

<p><hw>Semiradial engine</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>See <u>Radial
engine</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sem`i*ton*tine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(LIfe
Insurance)</i> <def>Lit., half-tontine; -- used to designate a form of
tontine life insurance. See <u>Tontine insurance</u>.</def> --
<wf>Sem`i*ton*tine"</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Se*nhor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. Cf.
<u>Se&ntilde;or</u>, <u>Senior</u>.] <def>A Portuguese title of
courtesy corresponding to the Spanish <i>se&ntilde;or</i> or the
English <i>Mr.</i> or <i>sir</i>; also, a gentleman.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Se*nho"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. Cf.
<u>Se&ntilde;ora</u>.] <def>A Portuguese title of courtesy given to a
lady; Mrs.; Madam; also, a lady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen`si*tom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Sensitive</u>; <u>-meter</u>.] <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>An instrument
or apparatus for comparing and grading the sensitiveness of plates,
films, etc., as a screen divided into squares of different shades or
colors, from which a picture is made on the plate to be
tested.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sen"tence meth`od</hw>. <i>(Education)</i> <def>A method of
teaching reading by giving first attention to phrases and sentences
and later analyzing these into their verbal and alphabetic components;
-- contrasted with <i>alphabet</i> and <i>word methods</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*phar"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [From
<i>Sephardim</i>, a name applied to the Spanish Jews, fr.
<i>Sephard</i>, name of a place where Jews were held in captivity
(<i>Ob. 20</i>).] <def>Of, pertaining to, or designating, the Jews
(the <i>Sephardim</i>, also called <i>Spanish</i> or <i>Portuguese
Jews</i>) descended from Jewish families driven from Spain by the
Inquisition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se*phar"dim</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NHeb.; orig.
uncert.] <def>Jews who are descendants of the former Jews of Spain and
Portugal. They are as a rule darker than the northern Jews, and have
more delicate features.</def></p>

<p><hw>||S&eacute;`rac"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. (in the
Alps), orig., a kind of solid cheese.] <def>A pinnacle of ice among
the crevasses of a glacier; also, one of the blocks into which a
glacier breaks on a steep grade.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"ries</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In Engler's system of plant classification, a group
of families showing certain structural or morphological relationships.
It corresponds to the <i>cohort</i> of some writers, and to the
<i>order</i> of many modern systematists.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A mode of arranging the
separate parts of a circuit by connecting them successively end to end
to form a single path for the current; -- opposed to <i>parallel</i>.
The parts so arranged are said to be <col><b>in
series</b></col>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A parcel of rough diamonds
of assorted qualities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Series dynamo</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
series-wound dynamo.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A dynamo running
in series with another or others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Series motor</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
series-wound motor.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A motor capable of
being used in a series circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Series turns</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The turns in a series
circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Series winding</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A winding in which the
armature coil and the field-magnet coil are in series with the
external circuits; -- opposed to <i>shunt winding</i>.</def> --
<wf>Se"ries-wound`</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Ser`i*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>sericum</i>
silk + E. <i>-graph</i>.] <def>An autographic device to test the
strength of raw silk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se`ro*ther"a*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Serum-therapy.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>The whey cure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Se"rum-ther`a*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>The treatment of disease by the injection of blood serum from
immune animals.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Serv"ice cap</hw> or <hw>hat</hw> }. <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A cap
or hat worn by officers or enlisted men when full-dress uniform, or
dress uniform, is not worn.</def> In the United States army the
<i>service cap</i> is round, about 3&frac12; inches high, flat-topped,
with  a visor. The <i>service hat</i> is of soft felt of khaki color,
with  broad brim and high crown, creased down the middle.</p>

<p><hw>Service uniform</hw>. <i>(Mil. &amp; Nav.)</i> <def>The uniform
prescribed in regulations for active or routine service, in
distinction from dress, full dress, etc. In the United States army it
is of olive-drab woolen or khaki-colored cotton, with all metal
attachments of dull-finish bronze, with the exceptional of insignia of
rank, which are of gold or silver finish.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ser`vo-mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sometimes
erroneously spelt <i>serro-motor</i>.] [F. <i>servo-moteur</i>. See
<u>Serf</u>; <u>Motor</u>.] <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A relay
apparatus;</def> specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An auxiliary motor,
regulated by a hand lever, for quickly and easily moving the reversing
gear of a large marine engine into any desired position indicated by
that of the hand lever, which controls the valve of the motor.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a Whitehead torpedo, a compressed-air
motor, for moving the rudders so as to correct deviations from the
course.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2011 !></p>

<p><hw>Set</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Textiles)</i> <def>Any of various standards of measurement of the
fineness of cloth; specif., the number of reeds in one inch and the
number of threads in each reed. The exact meaning varies according to
the location where it is used. Sometimes written
<i>sett</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A stone, commonly of granite, shaped like
a short brick and usually somewhat larger than one, used for street
paving. Commonly written <i>sett</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Camber of a curved roofing tile.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>The manner, state, or quality of setting
or fitting; fit; as, the <i>set</i> of a coat.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Set chisel</hw>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A kind of chisel or punch,
variously shaped, with a broad flat end, used for stripping off rivet
heads, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Set`ting-up" ex"er*cise</hw>. <def>Any one of a series of
gymnastic exercises used, as in drilling recruits, for the purpose of
giving an erect carriage, supple muscles, and an easy control of the
limbs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Shack</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>A hut; a shanty; a cabin.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>These miserable <i>shacks</i> are so low that their
occupants cannot stand erect.</blockquote>  <i>D. C.
Worcester.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shade</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [See <u>Shade</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>To undergo or exhibit minute difference or
variation, as of color, meaning, expression, etc.; to pass by slight
changes; -- used chiefly with a preposition, as <i>into</i>,
<i>away</i>, <i>off</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>This small group will be most conveniently treated with
the emotional division, into which it <i>shades</i>.</blockquote>
<i>Edmund Gurney.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Shai"tan</hw>, <hw>||Shei"tan</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>sheytan</i>.] [Hind.
<i>shait&amacr;n</i>, fr. Ar. <i>shai&tsdot;&amacr;n</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> Among Mohammedans: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An evil
spirit; the evil one; the devil.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One of
bad disposition; a fiend.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A dust storm.</def>
[India]</p>

<p><hw>||Shak"u*do"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap.] <def>An
alloy of copper, invented by the Japanese, having a very dark blue
color approaching black.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shaps</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Shortened fr.
<i>chaparajos</i>. Cf. <u>Chaps</u>.] <def>Chaparajos.</def> [Western
U. S.]</p>

<p><blockquote>A pair of gorgeous buckskin <i>shaps</i>, embroidered
up the sides and adorned with innumerable ermine skins.</blockquote>
<i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shas"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mountain peak,
etc., in California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shasta daisy</hw>. <def>A large-flowered garden variety of the
oxeye daisy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shasta fir</hw>. <def>A Californian fir (<i>Abies
shastensis</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Shasta Sam</hw>. <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>A game like
California Jack, except that the pack drawn from is turned face
down.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shear steel</hw>. <def>See under <u>Shear</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shed</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>A covered structure for housing aircraft; a hangar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Something similar in form or action to an ordnance shell;</def>
specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Fireworks)</i> <def>A case or
cartridge containing a charge of explosive material, which bursts
after having been thrown high into the air. It is often elevated
through the agency of a larger firework in which it is
contained.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Oil Wells)</i> <def>A
torpedo.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A concave rough cast-iron tool in which a
convex lens is ground to shape.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A gouge bit or shell bit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sher"ard*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [From
<i>Sherard</i> Cowper-Coles, the inventor.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To
subject to the process of vapor galvanizing (which see,
below).</def></p>

<p><hw>Shi"cer</hw> (sh&imacr;"s&etilde;r), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Prob. fr. G. <i>scheisser</i> one who dungs.] <i>(Mining)</i> <def>An
unproductive mine; a duffer.</def> [Australia]</p>

<p><hw>||Shin Shu</hw> (?). [Jap., lit., true sect.] <def>The leading
and most progressive Buddhist sect of Japan, resting its faith rather
upon Amida than Gautama Buddha. Rites and ceremonies are held useless
without uprightness.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Shin"ti*yan</hw> (sh&ibreve;n"t&ibreve;*y&abreve;n),
<hw>Shin"ty*an</hw> (sh&ibreve;n"t&ibreve;*&abreve;n) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>} [Ar. <i>shint&imacr;&amacr;n</i>.] <def>A kind
of wide loose drawers or trousers worn by women in Mohammedan
countries.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship"ping note</hw>. <i>(Com.)</i> <def>A document used in
shipping goods by sea. In the case of free goods the shipping notes
are the <col><b>receiving note</b></col>, addressed by the shipper to
the chief officer of the vessel, requesting him to receive on board
specified goods, and a receipt for the mate to sign, on receiving
whose signature it is called the <col><b>mate's receipt</b></col>, and
is surrendered by the shipper for the bills of lading.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ship*po"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap.
<i>shipp&omacr;</i> seven precious things; Chin. <i>ts'ih</i> seven +
<i>pao</i> gem.] <i>(Japanese Art)</i> <def>Cloisonn&eacute; enamel on
a background of metal or porcelain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ship railway</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An inclined railway
running into the water with a cradelike car on which a vessel may be
drawn out on land, as for repairs.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
railway on which to transport vessels overland between bodies of
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shire horse</hw>. <def>One of an English breed of heavy draft
horses believed to be descended largely from the horses used in war in
the days of heavy armor. They are the  largest of the British draft
breeds, and have long hair on the back of the cannons and fetlocks.
Brown or bay with white on the face and legs is now the commonest
color.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shirt waist</hw>. <def>A belted waist resembling a shirt in
plainness of cut and style, worn by women or children; -- in England
called a <i>blouse</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shirt-waist suit</hw>. <def>A costume consisting of a plain
belted waist and skirt of the same material.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Shi*zo"ku</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. sing. &amp; pl.</i></pos> [Jap.
<i>shi-zoku</i>, fr. Chin. <i>ch'</i> (<i>chi</i>) branch, posterity +
<i>tsu</i> kindered, class.] <def>The Japanese warrior gentry or
middle class, formerly called <i>samurai</i>; also, any member of this
class.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shock</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>To
subject to the action of an electrical discharge so as to cause a more
or less violent depression or commotion of the nervous
system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shod"dy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Perh. akin to
<u>Shed</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>; as meaning originally, waste
stuff <i>shed</i> or thrown off; cf. dial. <i>shod</i> to shed, and E.
<u>Shed</u> a parting, separation, <u>Shode</u> a parting.]
<def>Fluffy, fibrous waste from wool carding, worsted spinning, or
weaving of woolens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoddy fever</hw>. <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A febrile disease
characterized by dyspn&oelig;a and bronchitis caused by inhaling
dust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoe</hw> (sh&oomac;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The outer
cover or tread of a pneumatic tire, esp. for an automobile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoe"fly`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Railroading)</i> <def>A contrivance for throwing the track
temporarily to one side for  convenience in filling washouts or
effecting other repairs.</def> [Cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Print.)</i> <def>In some cylinder presses,
a device with long fingers for freeing the sheet from the
cylinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shop</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
person's occupation, business, profession, or the like, as a subject
of attention, interest, conversation, etc.; -- generally in
deprecation.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A place where any industry is carried on;
as, a chemist's <i>shop</i>;</def> also, <i>(Slang)</i>, <def>any of
the various places of business which are commonly called offices, as
of a lawyer, doctor, broker, etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Any place of resort, as one's house, a
restaurant, etc.</def> [Slang, Chiefly Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Shot</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fisheries)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cast of a net.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The entire throw of nets at one time.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A place or spot for setting nets.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A single draft or catch of fish
made.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Athletics)</i> <def>A spherical weight, to
be put, or thrown, in competition for distance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A stroke or propulsive action in certain
games, as in billiards, hockey, curling, etc.; also, a move, as in
chess.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>A guess; conjecture; also, an
attempt.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Shot samples</hw>. <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>Samples taken for assay
from  a molten metallic mass pouring a portion into water, to
granulate it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shoul"der</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To push with the
shoulder; to make one's way, as through a crowd, by using the
shoulders; to move swaying the shoulders from side to side.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A yoke of the great sulky white bullocks . . . came
<i>shouldering</i> along together.</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shout</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To entertain with
refreshments or the like gratuitously; to treat.</def> [Slang,
Australia &amp; U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To treat (one) to
something; also, to give (something) by way of treating.</def> [Slang,
Australia &amp; U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gratuitous
entertainment, with refreshments or the like; a treat.</def> [Slang,
Australia &amp; U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Shrine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Short for
<col><b>Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine</b></col>,
a secret order professedly originated by one Kalif Alu, a son-in-law
of Mohammed, at Mecca, in the year of the Hegira 25 (about 646 <u>a.
d.</u>) In the modern order, established in the United States in 1872,
only Knights Templars or thirty-second degree Masons are eligible for
admission, though the order itself is not Masonic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shroff"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A money dealer's
commission; also, more commonly, the examination of coins, and the
separation of the good from the debased.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shrop"shire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>Shropshire</i>, country of England.] <def>An English breed of
black-faced hornless sheep similar to the Southdown, but larger, now
extensively raised in many parts of the world.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shuck</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To remove or take off
(shucks); hence, to discard; to lay aside; -- usually with
<i>off</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>"<i>Shucking</i>" his coronet, after he had imbibed
several draughts of fire water.</blockquote>  <i>F. A. Ober.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He had only been in Africa long enough to <i>shuck
off</i> the notions he had acquired about the engineering of a west
coast colony.</blockquote>  <i>Pall Mall Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Shunt"ing</hw>, <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> of
<u>Shunt</u>. Specif.: <pos><i>vb. n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Railroads)</i> <def>Switching; as, <i>shunting</i> engine, yard,
etc.</def> [British] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Finance)</i>
<def>Arbitrage conducted between certain local markets without the
necessity of the exchange involved in foreign arbitrage.</def> [Great
Britain]</p>

<p><hw>Shunt valve</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A valve permitting a
fluid under pressure an easier avenue of escape than normally;
specif., a valve, actuated by the governor, used in one system of
marine-engine governing to connect both ends of the low-pressure
cylinder as a supplementary control.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shunt winding</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A winding so arranged
as to divide the armature current and lead a portion of it around the
field-magnet coils; -- opposed to <i>series winding</i>.</def> --
<wf>Shunt"-wound`</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Shut"ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A
mechanical device of various forms, attached to a camera for opening
and closing to expose the plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Shy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Inadequately supplied;
short; lacking; as, the team is <i>shy</i> two players.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Side"-chain` the`o*ry</hw>. <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A
theory proposed by Ehrlich as a chemical explanation of immunity
phenomena. In brief outline it is as follows: Animal cells and
bacteria are complex aggregations of molecules, which are themselves
complex. Complex molecules react with one another through certain of
their side chains, but only when these side chains have a definite
correspondence in structure (this account for the specific action of
antitoxins).</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"flash`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>A disruptive discharge between a conductor traversed by an
oscillatory current of high frequency (as lightning) and neighboring
masses of metal, or between different parts of the same
conductor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side line</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
line pert. or attached to the side of a thing.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Specif., a line for hobbling an animal by
connecting the fore and the hind feet of the same side.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A line of goods sold
in addition to one's principal articles of trade; a course of business
pursued aside from one's regular occupation.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A secondary road; esp., a byroad at right angles to a main
road.</def> [Canada]</p>

<p><hw>Side"-slip`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Skid</u>,
below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side slip</hw>. <def>See <u>Skid</u>, below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Side"track`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Sidetracked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Sidetracking</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Railroads)</i> <def>To transfer to a siding from a main line of
track.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Hence, fig., to divert or reduce to a
position or condition that is relatively secondary or subordinate in
activity, importance, effectiveness, or the like; to switch off; to
turn aside, as from a purpose.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Such a project was, in fact, <i>sidetracked</i> in
favor of the census of school children.</blockquote>  <i>Pop. Sci.
Monthly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sie"mens-Mar"tin steel</hw> (?). <def>See <i>Open-hearth
steel</i>, under <u>Open</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"lenc*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
silences;</def> specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The muffler of an
internal-combustion engine.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any of
various devices to silence the humming noise of telegraph wires.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A device for silencing the report of a
firearm shooting its projectiles singly, as a tubular attachment for
the muzzle having circular plates that permit the passage of the
projectile but impart a rotary motion to, and thus retard, the
exploding gases.</def></p>

<p><hw>Silk"-stock`ing</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Wearing silk
stockings (which among men were formerly worn chiefly by the luxurious
or aristocratic); hence, elegantly dressed; aristocratic; luxurious; -
- chiefly applied to men, often by way of reproach.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>[They] will find their levees crowded with <i>silk-
stocking</i> gentry, but no yeomanry; an army of officers without
soldiers.</blockquote>  <i>Jefferson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Si*lun"dum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [Trade name] <def>A
form of silicon carbide, produced in the electric furnace, possessing
great hardness, and high electrical resistance, and not subject to
oxidation below 2880&deg; F., or 1600&deg; C.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver cer*tif"i*cate</hw>. <def>A certificate issued by a
government that there has been deposited with it silver to a specified
amount, payable to the bearer on demand. In the United States and its
possessions, it is issued against the deposit of silver coin, and is
not legal tender, but is receivable for customs, taxes, and all public
dues.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"ver*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who favors
the use or establishment of silver as a monetary standard; -- so
called by those who favor the gold standard.</def> [Colloq. or
Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Silver State</hw>. <def>Nevada; -- a nickname alluding to its
silver mines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sil"vics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The science treating of the life of trees in the
forest.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Habit or behavior of a forest
tree.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si"mon-pure"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Genuine; true;
real; authentic; -- a term alluding to the comedy character Simon
Pure, who is impersonated by another and is obliged to prove himself
to be the "real Simon Pure."</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sind"i</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>Sind&imacr;</i>, fr. <i>Sind</i> Indian, Skr. <i>sindhu</i> river,
sea, the river Indus, the country along the Indus. Cf. <u>Indian</u>,
<u>Hindoo</u>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>A native of Sind, India, esp.
one of the native Hindoo stock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-foot`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To proceed by
means of the single-foot, as a horse or other quadruped.</def> --
<wf>Sin"gle-foot`er</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle-sur"faced</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having
one surface; -- said specif. of a&euml;roplanes or a&euml;rocurves
that are covered with fabric, etc., on only one side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"gle tax`</hw>. <i>(Pol. Econ.)</i> <def>A tax levied upon
land alone, irrespective of improvements, -- advocated by certain
economists as the sole source of public revenue.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Whatever may be thought of Henry George's <i>single-
tax</i> theory as a whole, there can be little question that a
relatively higher assessment of ground rent, with corresponding relief
for those who have made improvements, is a much-needed
reform.</blockquote>  <i>A. T. Hadley.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sing"spiel`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.; <i>singen</i>
to sing + <i>spiel</i> to play.] <i>(Music)</i> <def>A dramatic work,
partly in dialogue and partly in song, of a kind popular in Germany in
the latter part of the 18th century. It was often comic, had modern
characters, and patterned its music on folk song with strictly
subordinated accompaniment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Sinologue</u>.]
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to the Chinese and allied
races; Chinese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sin"i*cism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Ethnol.)</i>
<def>Anything peculiar to the Chinese; esp., a Chinese peculiarity in
manners or customs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sink</hw> (s&ibreve;&nsm;k), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
lowest part of a natural hollow or closed basin whence the water of
one or more streams escapes by evaporation; as, the <i>sink</i> of the
Humboldt River.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Sioux State</hw>. <def>North Dakota; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sir*dar"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In Turkey, Egypt,
etc., a commander in chief, esp. the one commanding the Anglo-Egyptian
army.</def></p>

<p><hw>Si*roc"co</hw> (s&ibreve;*r&obreve;k"k&osl;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In general, any hot dry wind of cyclonic
origin, blowing from arid or heated regions, including the desert wind
of Southern California, the harmattan of the west coasts of Africa,
the hot winds of Kansas and Texas, the kamsin of Egypt, the leste of
the Madeira Islands, and the leveche of Spain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skat</hw> (sk&auml;t), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr. It.
<i>scartare</i> to discard.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A three-handed
card game played with 32 cards, of which  two constitute the skat
(sense 2), or widow. The players bid for the privilege of attempting
any of several games or tasks, in most of which the player undertaking
the game must take tricks counting in aggregate at least 61 (the
counting cards being ace 11, ten 10, king 4, queen 3, jack 2). The
four jacks are the best trumps, ranking club, spade, heart, diamond,
and ten outranks king or queen (but when the player undertakes to lose
all the tricks, the cards rank as in whist). The value of hands
depends upon the game played, trump suit, points taken, and number of
matadores.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Skat)</i> <def>A widow of two
cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skelp</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To form into
skelp, as a plate or bar of iron by rolling; also, to bend round (a
skelp) in tube making.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ski</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Skee</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ski"a*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<hw>Ski*ag"ra*phy</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, etc. <def>See
<u>Sciagraph</u>, <u>Sciagraphy</u>, etc.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2012 !></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ski"a*scope</hw> (?), <hw>Sci"a*scope</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a shadow + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A device for determining the refractive state of the eye by
observing the movements of the retinal lights and shadows.</def> --
<wf>Ski*as"co*py</wf> (#), <wf>Ski*as"co*py</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Skid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A runner (one or two) under some flying
machines, used for landing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  [From the <pos><i>v.</i></pos>] <def>Act of
skidding; -- called also <i>side slip</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skid</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
slide without rotating; -- said of a wheel held from turning while the
vehicle moves onward.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To fail to grip the roadway; specif., to
slip sideways on the road; to side-slip; -- said esp. of a cycle or
automobile.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skid</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Forestry)</i> <def>To
haul (logs) to a skid and load on a skidway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skid"der</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that skids;
one that uses a skid;</def> specif.: <i>(Logging)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>One that skids logs.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An engine for hauling the cable used in
skidding logs.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The foreman of a
construction gang making a skid road.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skid road</hw>. <i>(Logging)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
road along which logs are dragged to the skidway or landing; -- called
also <i>travois, or travoy, road</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
road having partly sunken transverse logs (called <i>skids</i>) at
intervals of about five feet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Skit"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Skit</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To move or pass (something) over a
surface quickly so that it touches only at intervals; to
skip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The angler, standing in the bow, <i>'skitters'</i> or
skips the spoon over the surface.</blockquote>  <i>James A.
Henshall.</i></p>

<p><hw>Skit"ter</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To pass or glide
lightly or with quick touches at intervals; to skip; to
skim.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Some kinds of ducks in lighting strike the water with
their tails first, and <i>skitter</i> along the surface for a feet
before settling down.</blockquote>  <i>T. Roosevelt.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Skop*tsy"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Raskolnik</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sky"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
men</b></plw>. <def>An a&euml;ronaut.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Sky pilot</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A person
licensed as a pilot.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Sky"scrap`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<i>(Naut.)</i> (1) <def>A skysail of a triangular form.</def> [Rare]
(2) <def>A name for the one of the fancy sails alleged to have been
sometimes set above the skysail.</def> [Obs.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A very tall building.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Hence,
anything usually large, high, or excessive.</def> [Slang or
Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Slag</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A
product of smelting, containing, mostly as silicates, the substances
not sought to be produced as matte or metal, and having a lower
specific gravity than the latter; -- called also, esp. in iron
smelting, <i>cinder</i>. The slag of iron blast furnaces is
essentially silicate of calcium, magnesium, and aluminium; that of
lead and copper smelting furnaces contains iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slag</hw>, <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Slagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Slagging</u>.] <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To form, or form into, a slag;
to agglomerate when heated below the fusion point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<def>Winning all the tricks of a deal (called, in bridge,
<col><b>grand slam</b></col>, the winning of all but one of the
thirteen tricks being called <col><b>a little
slam</b></col>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Slash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A opening or gap in a
forest made by wind, fire, or other destructive agency.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We passed over the  shoulder of a ridge and around the
edge of a fire <i>slash</i>, and then we had the mountain fairly
before us.</blockquote>  <i>Henry Van Dyke.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sleek</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sleeve</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
double tube of copper, in section like the figure 8, into which the
ends of bare wires are pushed so that when the tube is twisted an
electrical connection is made. The joint thus made is called <col><b>a
McIntire joint</b></col>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slew</hw> (sl&oomac;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Slough</u>
a wet place.] <def>A wet place; a river inlet.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The praire round about is wet, at times almost marshy,
especially at the borders of the great reedy
<i>slews</i>.</blockquote>  <i>T. Roosevelt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sley</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>The
number of ends per inch in the cloth, provided each dent in the reed
in which it was made contained as equal number of ends.</def>  <i>E.
Whitworth.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slice</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>To hit
(the ball) so that the face of the club draws across the face of the
ball and deflects it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slick</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A slick, or smooth and
slippery, surface or place; a sleek.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The action of oil upon the water is upon the crest of
the wave; the oil forming a <i>slick</i> upon the surface breaks the
crest.</blockquote>  <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slide"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A way along
which something slides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The retrograde movement on a
pulley of a belt as it slips.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In a link
motion, the  undesirable sliding movement of the link relatively to
the link block, due to swinging of the link.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The difference between the
actual and synchronous speed of an induction motor.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Marine Insurance)</i> <def>A memorandum of
the particulars of a risk for which a policy is to be executed. It
usually bears the broker's name and is initiated by the
underwrites.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slog</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Slug</u>,
<pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>] <def>To hit hard, esp. with little attention
to aim or the like, as in cricket or boxing; to slug.</def> [Cant or
Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Slog"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A hard hitter; a
slugger.</def> [Cant or Slang]  <i>T. Hughes.</i></p>

<p><hw>Slope</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The part of a continent
descending toward, and draining to, a particular ocean; as, the
Pacific <i>slope</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slot" ma*chine"</hw>. <def>A machine the operation of which is
started by dropping a coin into a slot, for delivering small articles
of merchandise, showing one's weight, exhibiting pictures, throwing
dice, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sloyd</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>slojd</i>, and <i>sloid</i>.] [Sw. <i>sl&ouml;jd</i> skill,
dexterity, esp. skilled labor, hence, manufacture, wood carving.]
<def>Lit., skilled mechanical work, such as that required in wood
carving; trade work; hence, a system (usually called the <i>sloyd
system</i>) of manual training in the practical use of the tools and
materials used in the trades, and of instruction in the making and use
of the plans and specifications connected with trade work. The  sloyd
system derives its name from the fact that it was adopted or largely
developed from a similar Swedish system, in which wood carving was a
chief feature. Its purpose is not only to afford practical skill in
some trade, but also to develop the pupils mentally and
physically.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sludge</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Anything resembling
mud or slush; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> A muddy or slimy deposit from
sweage. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> Mud from a drill hole in boring.
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> Muddy sediment in a steam boiler.
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> Settling of cottonseed oil, used in making soap,
etc. <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> A residuum of crude paraffin-oil
distillation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sludge acid</hw>. <def>Impure dark-colored sulphuric acid that
has been used in the refining of petroleum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sludg"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A shovel for
sludging out drains, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slug"ging match</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A boxing match
or prize fight marked rather by heavy hitting than skill.</def> [Cant
or Slang] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A ball game, esp. a baseball game,
in which  there is much hard hitting of the ball.</def> [Slang, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Slum</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To visit or
frequent slums, esp. out of curiosity, or for purposes of study,
etc.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Slum"gum`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The impure
residue, consisting of cocoons, propolis, etc., remaining after the
wax is extracted from honeycombs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Slump</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
slide or slip on a declivity, so that the motion is perceptible; --
said of masses of earth or rock.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To undergo a slump, or sudden decline or
falling off; as, the stock <i>slumped</i> ten points.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Slump</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A falling or declining,
esp. suddenly and markedly; a falling off; as, a <i>slump</i> in
trade, in prices, etc.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Smash</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Lawn Tennis)</i>
<def>To hit (the ball) from above the level of the net with a very
hard overhand stroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smear"case`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>schmierk&auml;se</i>; <i>schmier</i> grease (or <i>schmieren</i> to
smear) + <i>k&auml;se</i> cheese.] <def>Cottage cheese.</def> [Local,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Smell"ing salts</hw>. <def>An aromatic preparation of carbonate
of ammonia and, often, some scent, to avoid or relieve faintness,
headache, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoke ball</hw>. <def>Same as <u>Puffball</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smoke"less pow"der</hw>. <def>A high-explosive gunpowder whose
explosion produces little, if any, smoke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Smok"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A gathering for
smoking and social intercourse.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>That evening A Company had a "<i>smoker</i>" in one of
the disused huts of Shorncliffe Camp.</blockquote>  <i>Strand
Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>That which
smothers or causes a sensation of smothering, as smoke, fog, the foam
of the sea, a confused multitude of things.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Then they vanished, swallowed up in the grayness of the
evening and the smoke and <i>smother</i> of the storm.</blockquote>
<i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Smoth"ered mate</hw>. <i>(Chess)</i> <def>Checkmate given when
movement of the king is completely obstructed by his own
men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snap</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Cricket)</i> <def>To
catch out sharply (a batsman who has just snicked a bowled
ball).</def></p>

<p><hw>Snap</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>Of the eyes, to emit
sudden, brief sparkles like those of a snapping fire, as sometimes in
anger.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snap</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any
task, labor, set of circumstances, or the like, that yields
satisfactory results or gives pleasure with little trouble or effort,
as an easy course of study, a job where work is light, a bargain,
etc.</def> [Slang, Chiefly U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A snap shot with a firearm.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A snapshot.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>Something of no value; as, not worth a
<i>snap</i>.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snap</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Done, performed, made,
executed, carried through, or the like, quickly and without
deliberation; as, a <i>snap</i> judgment or decision; a <i>snap</i>
political convention.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Snap"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Teleg.)</i> <def>A device with a flexible metal tongue for
producing clicks like those of the sounder.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A string bean.</def> [Colloq., U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Snap"shot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
Commonly <hw>Snap shot</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A quick offhand
shot, made without deliberately taking aim over the sights.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Act of taking a snapshot (in
sense 2).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An instantaneous photograph made, usually
with a hand camera, without formal posing of, and often without the
foreknowledge of, the subject.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneak current</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A current which, though
too feeble to blow the usual fuse or to injure at once telegraph or
telephone instruments, will in time burn them out.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sneak"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
[<i>pl.</i>] <def>Shoes with rubber or other soft soles which give no
warning of one's approaching, esp. such shoes as are worn in games, as
tennis.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A punch bowl.</def> [Obs.]
<i>Spectator.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sni"der ri"fle</hw>, or <hw>Sni"der</hw> },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A breech-loading rifle
formerly used in the British service; -- so called from the
inventor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Sniped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Sniping</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To shoot or hunt
snipe.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To shoot at detached men of an enemy's
forces at long range, esp. when not in action; -- often with
<i>at</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snipe</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To shoot at (detached men of an enemy's force) at long range,
esp. when not in action.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To nose (a log) to make it drag or slip
easily in skidding.</def></p>

<p><hw>Snow banner</hw>. <def>A bannerlike stream of snow blown into
the air from a mountain peak, often having a pinkish color and
extending horizontally for several miles across the sky.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soar</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>To fly by wind power; to  glide indefinitely without loss of
altitude.</def></p>

<p><hw>||So*bran"je</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Bulgarian, lit.,
assembly.] <def>The unicameral national assembly of Bulgaria, elected
for a term of five years by universal suffrage of adult
males.</def></p>

<p><hw>Socialism</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Socialism of
the chair</b></col> [G. <i>katheder socialismus</i>], <cd>a term
applied about 1872, at first in ridicule, to a group of German
political economists who advocated state aid for the betterment of the
working classes.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Sock</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> [Perh. shortened fr.
<i>sockdolager</i>.] <def>To hurl, drive, or strike violently; --
often with <i>it</i> as an object.</def> [Prov. or Vulgar]
<i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sock*dol"a*ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something
unusually large.</def> [Slang, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>So"dger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. i.</i></pos> <def>Var. of
<u>Soldier</u>.</def> [Dial. or Slang]</p>

<p><hw>So"di*um sul"phate</hw>. <def>A salt well known as a catharic
under the name of <i>Glauber's salt</i>, which term is properly
applied to the hydrate,
Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>.<sub>10</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soft steel</hw>. <def>Steel low in carbon; mild steel; ingot
iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. i.</i></pos> <def>Var. of
<u>Soldier</u>.</def> [Dial. or Slang]  <i>R. H. Dana, Jr.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Soi`-di*sant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F.; <i>soi</i>
one's self + <i>disant</i>, p. pr. of <i>dire</i> to say.] <def>Self-
named; self-styled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soil pipe</hw>. <def>A pipe or drain for carrying off night
soil.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"jer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v. i.</i></pos> <def>Var. of
<u>Soldier</u>.</def> [Dial. or Slang]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Sol</hw> <hw>Sole</hw> } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<i>hydrosol</i> an aqueous colloidal solution, confused with G.
<i>sole</i>, <i>soole</i>, salt water from which salt is obtained.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A fluid mixture of a colloid and a liquid; a
liquid colloidal solution or suspension.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"lar myth</hw>. <def>A myth which essentially consists of
allegory based upon ideas as to the sun's course, motion, influence,
or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Solar parallax</hw>. <def>The parallax of the sun, that is, the
angle subtended at the sun by the semidiameter of the earth. It is
8."80, and is the fundamental datum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sole trader</hw>. <def>A feme sole trader.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol`-fa"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sing to
solmization syllables.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"id-drawn`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Drawn out from a
heated solid bar, as by a process of spiral rolling which first
hollows the bar and then expands the cavity by forcing the bar over a
pointed mandrel fixed in front of the rolls; -- said of a weldless
tube.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"lo</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Music)</i>
<def>Performing, or performed, alone; uncombined, except with
subordinate parts, voices, or instruments; not concerted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sol"o*mon's seal</hw>. <def>A mystic symbol consisting of two
interlaced triangles forming a star with six points, often with one
triangle dark and one light, symbolic of the union of soul and
body.</def></p>

<p><hw>Solo whist</hw>. <def>A card game played with the full pack
ranking as at whist, each player declaring for which of seven
different points he proposes to play.</def></p>

<p><hw>So`ma*tol"o*gy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The science which treats of anatomy and
physiology, apart from psychology.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Anthropol.)</i> <def>The consideration of
the physical characters of races and classes of men and of mankind in
general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Son"der*class`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>sonderklasse</i> special class.] <i>(Yachting)</i> <def>A special
class of small yachts developed in Germany under the patronage of
Emperor William and Prince Henry of Prussia, and so called because
these yachts do not conform to the restrictions for the regular
classes established by the rules of the International Yacht Racing
Union. In yachts of the sonderclass, as prescribed for the season of
1911, the  aggregate of the length on water line, extreme beam, and
extreme draft must be not more than 32 feet; the weight, not less than
4,035 pounds (without crew); the sail area, not more than 550 square
yards; and the cost of construction (for American boats) not more than
$2400. The crew must be amateurs and citizens of the country in which
the yacht was built.</def></p>

<p><hw>So*no"ran</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biogeography)</i>
<def>Pertaining to or designating the arid division of the Austral
zone, including the warmer parts of the western United States and
central Mexico. It is divided into the <col><b>Upper
Sonoran</b></col>, which lies next to the Transition zone, and the
<col><b>Lower Sonoran</b></col>, next to the Tropical.</def></p>

<p><hw>Soon"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In the western
United States, one who settles on government land before it is legally
open to settlement in order to gain the prior claim that the law gives
to the first settler when the land is opened to settlement; hence, any
one who does a thing prematurely or anticipates another in acting in
order to gain an unfair advantage.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sooner State</hw>. <def>Oklahoma; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sor*ti"ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., a coming out.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The air sung by any of the principal
characters in an opera on entering.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A closing voluntary; a postlude.</def></p>

<p><hw>So"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>In parasitic fungi, any mass of spores bursting through the
epidermis of a host plant.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In lichens,
a heap of soredia on the thallus.</def></p>

<p><hw>SOS</hw>. <def>The letters signified by the signal ( . . . ---
. . . ) prescribed by the International Radiotelegraphic Convention of
1912 for use by ships in distress.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sou`bise"</hw> (s&oomac;`b&emacr;z"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> [F.] <def>A sauce made of white onions and melted
butter mixed with velout&eacute; sauce.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of cravat worn by men in the late
18th century.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Souf`fl&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>souffl&eacute;</i>, p. p. of <i>souffler</i> to puff.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Ceramics)</i> <def>Decorated with very small
drops or sprinkles of color, as if blown from a bellows.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Cookery)</i> Often
<hw>||Souffl&eacute;e</hw>. <def>Filled with air by beating, and
baked; as, an omelette <i>souffl&eacute;</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sound"ing bal*loon"</hw>. <def>An unmanned balloon sent aloft
for meteorological or a&euml;ronautic purposes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Soup`&ccedil;on"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A
suspicion; a suggestion; hence, a very small portion; a taste; as,
coffee with a <i>soup&ccedil;on</i> of brandy; a <i>soup&ccedil;on</i>
of coquetry.</def></p>

<p><hw>South"paw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Baseball)</i>
<def>Using the left hand in pitching; said of a pitcher.</def>
[Cant]</p>

<p><! p. 2013 !></p>

<p><hw>South"paw`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pitcher who
pitches with the left hand.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Space bar</hw> or <hw>key</hw> }. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A bar
or key, in a typewriter or typesetting machine, used for spacing
between letters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spad</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i> <def>A nail
one or two inches long, of iron, brass, tin, or tinner iron, with a
hole through the flattened head, used to mark stations in underground
surveying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spark</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>To
produce, or give off, sparks, as a dynamo at the commutator when
revolving under the collecting brushes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spark coil</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
induction coil, esp. of an internal-combustion engine, wireless
telegraph apparatus, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A self-
induction coil used to increase the spark in an electric gas-lighting
apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spark gap</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The space filled with air
or other dielectric between high potential terminals (as of an
electrostatic machine, induction coil, or condenser), through which
the discharge passes; the air gap of a jump spark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spark plug</hw>. <def>In internal-combustion engines with
electric ignition, a plug, screwed into the cylinder head, having
through it an insulated wire which is connected with the induction
coil or magneto circuit on the outside, and forms, with another
terminal on the base of the plug, a spark gap inside the
cylinder.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spat</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Short for <u>Spatterdash</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A legging; a gaiter.</def> [Scot. &amp; Dial.
Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of short cloth or leather gaiter
worn over the upper part of the shoe and fastened beneath the instep;
-- chiefly in <i>pl.</i></def></p>

<p><hw>Spec`tro*bo*lom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>A combination of spectroscope and bolometer for
determining the distribution of energy in a spectrum.</def> --
<wf>Spec`tro*bo`lo*met"ric</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spec`tro*e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pert.
to or designating any form of spark tube the electric discharge within
which is used in spectroscopic observations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"tro*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Spectrum</i>
+ <i>-gram</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A photograph, map, or diagram
of a spectrum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec"tro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Spectrum</i>
+ <i>graph</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
apparatus for photographing or mapping a spectrum.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A photograph or picture of a spectrum.</def>
-- <wf>Spec`tro*graph"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spec`tro*graph"ic*al*ly</wf> (#), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> --
<wf>Spec*trog"ra*phy</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spec`tro*he"li*o*gram`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Spectrum</i> + <i>heloi-</i> + <i>-gram</i>.]
<i>(Astrophysics)</i> <def>A photograph of the sun made by
monochromatic light, usually of the calcium line (k), and showing the
sun's facul&aelig; and prominences.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spec`tro*he"li*o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Astrophysics)</i> <def>An apparatus for making spectroheliograms,
consisting of a spectroscopic camera used in combination with a
telescope, and provided with clockwork for moving the  sun's image
across the slit.</def> -- <wf>Spec`tro*he`li*o*graph"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spec*trom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Art or process of using the spectrometer, or of measuring wave
lengths of rays of a spectrum.</def> -- <wf>Spec`tro*met"ric</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spec"tro*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Spectrum</i>
+ Gr. &?; sound.] <def>An instrument constructed on the principle of
the photophone and used in spectrum analysis as an adjunct to the
spectroscope.</def> -- <wf>Spec`tro*phon"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spec`tro*pho*tom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
art of comparing, photometrically, the brightness of two spectra, wave
length by wave length; the use of the spectrophotometer.</def> --
<wf>Spec`tro*pho`to*met"ric</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spec*tros"co*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
production and investigation of spectra; the use of the spectroscope;
also, the science of spectroscopic phenomena.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speed counter</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A device for
automatically counting the revolutions or pulsations of an engine or
other machine; -- called also simply <i>counter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Speiss</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Metal.)</i>
<def>Impure metallic arsenides, principally of iron, produced in
copper and lead smelting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spell"bind`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Spellbound</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Spellbinding</u>.] <def>To bind or hold by, or as if
by, a spell or charm; to fascinate, esp. by eloquence of speech, as in
a political campaign.</def> -- <wf>Spell"bind`er</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Sper`ma*toph"y*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL.;
<i>spermato-</i> + Gr. &?; plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A phylum
embracing the highest plants, or those that produce seeds; the  seed
plants, or flowering plants. They form the most numerous group,
including over 120,000 species. In general, the group is characterized
by the marked development of the sporophyte, with great
differentiation of its parts (root, stem, leaves, flowers, etc.); by
the extreme reduction of the gametophyte; and by the development of
seeds. All the Spermatophyta are heterosporous; fertilization of the
egg cell is either through a <col><b>pollen tube</b></col> emitted by
the microspore or (in a few gymnosperms) by spermatozoids.</def> The
phrase "flowering plants" is less distinctive than "seed plants,"
since the conifers, grasses, sedges, oaks, etc., do not produce
flowers in the popular sense. For this reason the terms
<i>Anthrophyta</i>, <i>Ph&aelig;nogamia</i>, and <i>Panerogamia</i>
have been superseded as names of the phylum by
<i>Spermatophyta</i>.</p>

<p><hw>Sper"ma*to"phyte`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any plant
of the phylum Spermatophyta.</def> -- <wf>Sper`ma*to*phyt"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sperm"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; seed, sperm +
<i>-ism</i>.] <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The theory, formerly held by many,
that the sperm or spermatozo&ouml;n contains the germ of the future
embryo; animalculism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spi"der stitch</hw>. <def>A stitch in lace making used to fill
in open spaces with threads resembling a cobweb.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"drift</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Spoondrift</u>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ocean waves are broken up by wind, ultimately
producing the storm wrack and <i>spindrift</i> of the tempest-tossed
sea.</blockquote>  <i>J. E. Marr.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spi*nes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The state or
quality of being spinescent or spiny; also, a spiny growth or
covering, as of certain animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin"i*fex</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; L. <i>spina</i>
spine + <i>facere</i> to make.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>A genus of chiefly Australian grasses, the seeds of which bear an
elastic spine. <i>S. hirsutus</i> (black grass) and <i>S.
longifolius</i> are useful as sand binders. <i>S. paradoxus</i>is a
valuable perennial fodder plant. Also, a plant of this
genus.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Any of several Australian grasses of the
genus <i>Tricuspis</i>, which often form dense, almost impassable
growth, their leaves being stiff and sharp-pointed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spin*thar"i*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>spinqari`s</grk> spark + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>A small instrument
containing a minute particle of a radium compound mounted in front of
a fluorescent screen and viewed with magnifying lenses. The tiny
flashes produced by the continual bombardment of the screen by the
&alpha; rays are thus rendered visible.</def> --
<wf>Spin*thar`i*scop"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spit ball</hw>. <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>A pitched ball in
throwing which the pitcher grips the ball between two, or three,
fingers on one side (which is made slippery, as by saliva) and the
thumb on the other side, and delivers it so that it slips off the
fingers with the least possible friction. When pitched directly
overhand a spit ball darts downward, when pitched with the arm
extended sidewise it darts down and out.</def> [Cant] -- <wf>Spit
baller</wf>.</p>

<p><hw>Split</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Basketwork)</i> <def>Any of the three or four
strips into which osiers are commonly cleft for certain kinds of work;
-- usually in <i>pl.</i></def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Weaving)</i>
<def>Any of the dents of a reed.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Any of
the air currents in a mine formed by dividing a larger
current.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Short for <u>Split shot</u> or
<u>stroke</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Gymnastics)</i> <def>The feat of going down
to the floor so that the legs extend in a straight line, either with
one on each side or with one in front and the other behind.</def>
[Cant or Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>A small bottle (containing about half a
pint) of some drink; -- so called as containing half the quantity of
the customary smaller commercial size of bottle; also, a drink of half
the usual quantity; a half glass.</def> [Cant or Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Split</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Exchanges)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Divided so as to be done or executed part at
one time or price and part at another time or price; -- said of an
order, sale, etc.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Of quotations, given
in sixteenth, quotations in eighths being regular; as, 10&frac3x16; is
a <i>split</i> quotation.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <i>(London Stock
Exchange)</i> <def>Designating ordinary stock that has been divided
into preferred ordinary and deferred ordinary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split dynamometer</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An electric
dynamometer having two coils so arranged that one carries the primary
current, and the other the secondary current, of a
transformer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split infinitive</hw>. <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A simple infinitive
with <i>to</i>, having a modifier between the verb and the <i>to</i>;
as in, <i>to largely decrease</i>. Called also <i>cleft
infinitive</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split key</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A key split at one end like
a split pin, for the same purpose.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Split shot</hw> or <hw>stroke</hw>  }. <def>In croquet, etc.,
a shot or stroke in which one drives in different directions one's own
and the opponent's ball placed in contact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split stitch</hw>. <def>A stitch used in stem work to produce a
fine line, much used in old church embroidery to work the hands and
faces of figures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split stuff</hw>. <def>Timber sawn into lengths and then
split.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split switch</hw>. <i>(Railroading)</i> <def>= <u>Point
switch</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Split wheel</hw>. <def>= <u>Split pulley</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>A
wooden club with a lofted face.</def>  <i>Encyc. of Sport.</i></p>

<p><hw>Spoon</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Fishing)</i> <def>To catch by fishing with a spoon bait.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He had with him all the tackle necessary for
<i>spooning</i> pike.</blockquote>  <i>Mrs. Humphry Ward.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In croquet, golf, etc., to push or shove
(a ball) with a lifting motion, instead of striking with an audible
knock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
fish with a spoon bait.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In croquet, golf, etc., to spoon a
ball.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spoon"flow`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
yautia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spo"ro*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Spore</i> +
Gr. &?; plant.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In plants exhibiting alternation of
generations, the generation which bears asexual spores; -- opposed to
<i>gametophyte</i>. It is not clearly differentiated in the life cycle
of the lower plants.</def> -- <wf>Spo`ro*phyt"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Spo`ro*zo"ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>In certain Sporozoa, a small active, usually
elongate, sickle-shaped or somewhat am&oelig;boid spore, esp. one of
those produced by division of the passive spores into which the zygote
divides. The sporozoites reproduce asexually.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spot</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Lit., being on the
spot, or place;</def> hence <i>(Com.)</i>, <def>on hand for immediate
delivery after sale; -- said of commodities; as, <i>spot</i>
wheat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spot cash</hw>. <i>(Com.)</i> <def>Cash paid or ready for
payment at once upon delivery of property purchased.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spot"light`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The projected
spot or circle of light used to illuminate brilliantly a single person
or object or group on the stage; leaving the rest of the stage more or
less unilluminated; hence, conspicuous public notice.</def> [Cant or
Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spot stroke</hw>. <i>(Eng. Billiards)</i> <def>The pocketing of
the red ball in a top corner pocket from off its own spot so as to
leave the cue ball in position for an easy winning hazard in either
top corner pocket.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spray"board`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A screen raised above any part of the gunwale of a boat to keep
out spray.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spray"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that sprays;
any instrument for vaporizing and spraying liquids.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spread</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
arbitrage transaction operated by buying and selling simultaneously in
two separate markets, as Chicago and New York, when there is an
abnormal difference in price between the two markets. It is called a
<col><b>back spread</b></col>when the difference in price is less than
the normal one.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Gems)</i> <def>Surface in proportion to the
depth of a cut stone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spring steel</hw>. <def>A variety of steel, elastic, strong,
and tough, rolled for springs, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sprock"et</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etymology uncertain.]
<i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tooth or projection, as on
the periphery of a wheel, shaped so as to engage with a chain.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A sprocket wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Spud</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A potato.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Spur</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>A branch of a vein.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The track of an animal, as an otter; a
spoor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squam</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Squam</i>,
shortened fr. <i>Annisquam</i>, name of a village on the coast of
Massachusetts.] <def>An oilskin hat or southwester; -- a fisherman's
name.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Squash</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game much like
rackets, played in a walled court with soft rubber balls and bats like
tennis rackets.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squaw man</hw>. <def>A white man who has married an Indian
squaw; sometimes, one who has gained tribal rights by such a marriage;
-- often a term of contempt.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Squaw vine</hw>. <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The partridge berry
(<i>Mitchella repens</i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Squee"gee</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squeegeed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squeegeeing</u> (?).] <def>To smooth, press, or treat with a
squeegee; to squilgee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeegee roller</hw>. <def>A small India-rubber roller with a
handle, used esp. in printing and photography as a squeegee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squeeze</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>The gradual closing of workings by the weight of
the overlying strata.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Pressure or constraint used to force the
making of a gift, concession, or the like; exaction; extortion.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>One of the many "<i>squeezes</i>" imposed by the
mandarins.</blockquote>  <i>A. R. Colquhoun.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squelch</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Perh. imitative. Cf.
<u>Squelch</u>.] <def>To make a sound like that made by the feet of
one walking in mud or slush; to make a kind of swashing sound; also,
to move with such a sound.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He turned and strode to the fire, his boots
<i>squelching</i> as he walked.</blockquote>  <i>P. L. Ford.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>A crazy old collier <i>squelching</i> along under
squared yards.</blockquote>  <i>W. C. Russell.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squif"fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Somewhat
intoxicated; tipsy.</def> [Slang]  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squil"gee</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Squilgeed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Squilgeeing</u>.] <def>To swab, press, or treat with a squilgee;
as, to <i>squilgee</i> a vessel's deck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Squint</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To have an indirect
bearing, reference, or implication; to have an allusion to, or
inclination towards, something.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Yet if the following sentence means anything, it is a
<i>squinting</i> toward hypnotism.</blockquote>  <i>The Forum.</i></p>

<p><hw>Squirt</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Hydrodynamics)</i>
<def>The whole system of flow in the vicinity of a source.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stab culture</hw>. <i>(Bacteriol.)</i> <def>A culture made by
inoculating a solid medium, as gelatin, with the puncture of a needle
or wire. The growths are usually of characteristic form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"ble</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i> <def>So
placed as to resist forces tending to cause motion; of such structure
as to resist distortion or molecular or chemical disturbance; -- said
of any body or substance.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sta"di*a hairs</hw> or <hw>wires</hw>  } (?). <i>(Surv.)</i>
<def>In a theodolite, etc., horizontal cross wires or hairs
equidistant from the central horizontal cross wire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"di*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A modern
structure, with its inclosure, resembling the ancient stadium, used
for athletic games, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Staff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G. <i>staffiren</i> to
fill or fit out, adorn, fr. D. <i>stoffeeren</i>, OF. <i>estoffer</i>,
F. <i>&eacute;toffer</i>, fr. OF. <i>estoffe</i> stuff, F.
<i>&eacute;toffe</i>. See <u>Stuff</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>]
<i>(Arch.)</i> <def>Plaster combined with fibrous and other materials
so as to be suitable for sculpture in relief or in the round, or for
forming flat plates or boards of considerable size which can be nailed
to framework to make the exterior of a larger structure, forming
joints which may afterward be repaired and concealed with fresh
plaster.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stage director</hw>. <i>(Theat.)</i> <def>One who prepares a
play for production. He arranges the details of the stage settings,
the business to be used, all stage effects, and instructs the actors,
excepting usually the star, in the general interpretation of their
parts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stage fright</hw>. <def>Nervousness felt before an
audience.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stage manager</hw>. <i>(Theat.)</i> <def>One in control of the
stage during the production of a play. He directs the stage hands,
property man, etc., has charge of all details behind the curtain,
except the acting, and has a general oversight of the actors.
Sometimes he is also the <u>stage director</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>stagey</i>.] <def>Having an air or manner characteristic of the
stage; theatrical; artificial; as, a <i>stagy</i> tone or bearing; --
chiefly used depreciatively.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stake</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mormon Ch.)</i> <def>A
territorial division; -- called also <i>stake of Zion</i>.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Every city, or "<i>stake</i>," including a chief town
and surrounding towns, has its president, with two counselors; and
this president has a high council of chosen men.</blockquote>
<i>Schaff-Herzog Encyc.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stalk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or process of
stalking.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>When the <i>stalk</i> was over (the antelope took alarm
and ran off before I was within rifle shot) I came back.</blockquote>
<i>T. Roosevelt.</i></p>

<p><hw>Stall</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A covering or sheath,
as of leather, horn, of iron, for a finger or thumb; a cot; as, a
thumb <i>stall</i>; a finger <i>stall</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stam*pede"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any sudden
unconcerted moving or acting together of a number of persons, as from
some common impulse; as, a <i>stampede</i> to the gold regions; a
<i>stampede</i> in a convention.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2014 !></p>

<p><hw>Stance</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i> <def>The
position of a player's feet, relative to each other and to the ball,
when he is making a stroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stand</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<def>To be, or signify that one is, willing to play with one's hand as
dealt.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||St&auml;n"de*rath`</hw>, or <hw>St&auml;n"de*rat`</hw> (?)
}, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <i>(Switzerland)</i> <def>See
<u>Legislature</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Star drift</hw>. <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Similar and probably
related motion of the stars of an asterism, as distinguished from
apparent change of place due to solar motion.-- ##?? = star streaming?
--</def></p>

<p><hw>Star stereogram</hw>. <def>A view of the universe of brighter
stars as it would appear to an observer transported into space outside
or beyond our universe of stars.</def></p>

<p><hw>State socialism</hw>. <def>A form of socialism, esp. advocated
in Germany, which, while retaining the right of private property and
the institution of the family and other features of the present form
of the state, would intervene by various measures intended to give or
maintain equality of opportunity, as compulsory state insurance, old-
age pensions, etc., answering closely to socialism of the
chair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tion</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In Australia, a sheep
run or cattle run, together with the buildings belonging to it; also,
the  homestead and buildings belonging to such a run.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sta"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A
stationary part in or about which another part (the rotor) revolves,
esp. when both are large;</def> as, <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>The stationary member of an electrical machine, as of an
induction motor.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(Steam Turbine)</i>
<def>The case inclosing a turbine wheel; the body of stationary blades
or nozzles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Fives)</i> <def>At Eton
College, England, a shallow step dividing the court into an inner and
an outer portion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"-down`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Transforming or converting a current of high potential or
pressure into one of low pressure; as, a <i>step-down</i>
transformer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Step"-up`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Transforming or converting a low-pressure current into one of
high pressure; as, a <i>step-up</i> transformer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ster"il*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
sterilizes anything; specif., an apparatus for sterilizing an organic
fluid or mixture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Still"son wrench</hw> (?). <def>A pipe wrench having an
adjustable <universbold>L</universbold>-shaped jaw piece sliding in a
sleeve that is pivoted to, and loosely embraces, the handle. Pressure
on the handle increases the grip.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Stil"ton cheese"</hw> (?), <i>or</i> <hw>Stil"ton</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A peculiarly flavored unpressed cheese made
from milk with cream added; -- so called from the village or parish of
<i>Stilton</i>, England, where it was originally made. It is very rich
in fat.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Thus, in the outset he was gastronomic; discussed the
dinner from the soup to the <i>stilton</i>.</blockquote>  <i>C.
Lever.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sti"mey</hw>, <hw>Sti"mie</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.
t.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Stymie</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sting ray</hw> or <hw>Sting"ray`</hw>  },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any one of numerous rays of the family
<i>Dasyatid&aelig;</i>, syn. <i>Trygonid&aelig;</i>, having one or
more large sharp barbed dorsal spines, on the whiplike tail, capable
of inflicting severe wounds. Some species reach a large size, and
some, esp., on the American Pacific coast, are very destructive to
oysters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stitch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An arrangement of
stitches, or method of stitching in some particular way or style; as,
cross-<i>stitch</i>; herringbone <i>stitch</i>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Raw
material; that out of which something is manufactured; as, paper
<i>stock</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Soap Making)</i> <def>A plain soap which is
made into  toilet soap by adding perfumery, coloring matter,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stock"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any of various
things resembling, or likened to, a stocking; as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
A broad ring of color, differing from the general color, on the lower
part of the leg of a quadruped; esp., a white ring between the coronet
and the hock or knee of a dark-colored horse. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> A
knitted hood of cotton thread which is eventually converted by a
special process into an incandescent mantle for gas
lighting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto"gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etym. uncertain. Cf.
<u>Stocky</u>.] <def>heavy; coarse; clumsy.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Sto"gy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Stogies</b></plw> (&?;). [Written also <i>stogie</i>.]
[<i>Colloq</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A stout, coarse boot or shoe;
a brogan.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A kind of cheap, but not necessary
inferior, cigar made in the form of a cylindrical roll.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stoke"hold`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>The space, or any of the spaces, in front of the boilers of a
ship, from which the furnaces are fed; the stokehole of a ship; also,
a room containing a ship's boilers; as, forced draft with  closed
<i>stokehold</i>; -- called also, in American ships,
<i>fireroom</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sto`ma*tol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
mouth + <i>-logy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Scientific study or
knowledge of the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stom"a*to*plas`ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, &?;,
mouth + <i>-plasty</i>.] <def>Plastic surgery of the mouth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stop order</hw>. <i>(Finance)</i> <def>An order that aims to
limit losses by fixing a figure at which purchases shall be sold or
sales bought in, as where stock is bought at 100 and the broker is
directed to sell if the market price drops to 98.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stop"-o`ver</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act or privilege of
stopping over.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Storm</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  -- <col><b>Anticyclonic
storm</b></col> <i>(Meteor.)</i>, <cd>a storm characterized by a
central area of high atmospheric pressure, and having a system of
winds blowing spirally outward in a direction contrary to that
cyclonic storms. It is attended by low temperature, dry air,
infrequent precipitation, and often by clear sky. Called also <i>high-
area storm</i>, <i>anticyclone</i>. When attended by high winds, snow,
and freezing temperatures such storms have various local names, as
<i>blizzard</i>, <i>wet norther</i>, <i>purga</i>, <i>buran</i>,
etc.</cd> -- <col><b>Cyclonic storm</b></col>. <i>(Meteor.)</i> <cd>A
cyclone, or low-area storm. See <u>Cyclone</u>, above.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sto"va*in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>-ine</hw>
}. [<i>Stove</i> (a translation of the name of the discoverer,
<i>Fourneau</i> + <i>-in</i>, <i>-ine</i>.] <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A
substance, C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>22</sub>O<sub>2</sub>NCl, the
hydrochloride of an amino compound containing benzol, used, in
solution with strychnine, as a local an&aelig;sthetic, esp. by
injection into the sheath of the spinal cord, producing
an&aelig;sthesia below the point of introduction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strain</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Hort.)</i> <def>A
cultural subvariety that is only slightly differentiated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stran"gle hold</hw>. <def>In wrestling, a hold by which one's
opponent is choked. It is usually not allowed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra`to-cir"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Stratus</i>
+ <i>cirrus</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>An alto-stratus
cloud.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stra`to-cu"mu*lus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Stratus</i> + <i>cumulus</i>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>Large balls
or rolls of dark cloud which frequently cover the whole sky, esp. in
winter, and give it at times an undulated appearance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream clock</hw>. <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An instrument for
ascertaining the velocity of the blood in a vessel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream gold</hw>. <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Gold in alluvial
deposits; placer gold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream line</hw>. <def>The path of a constituent particle of a
flowing fluid undisturbed by eddies or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream"line`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pert. to
a stream line; designating a motion or flow that is free from
turbulence, like that of a particle in a streamline; hence,
designating a surface, body, etc., that is designed so as to afford an
unbroken flow of a fluid about it, esp. when the resistance to flow is
the least possible; as, a <i>streamline</i> body for an automobile or
airship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stream wheel</hw>. <def>A wheel used for measuring, by its
motion when submerged, the velocity of flowing water; a current
wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Stress</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To subject to phonetic stress; to accent.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To place emphasis on; to make emphatic;
emphasize.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strike</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
sudden finding of rich ore in mining; hence, any sudden success or
good fortune, esp. financial.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Bowling, U. S.)</i> <def>Act of leveling
all the pins with the first bowl; also, the score thus made. Sometimes
called <i>double spare</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Baseball)</i> <def>Any actual or
constructive striking at the pitched ball, three of which, if the ball
is not hit fairly, cause the batter to be put out; hence, any of
various acts or events which are ruled as equivalent to such a
striking, as failing to strike at a ball so pitched that the batter
should have struck at it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <i>(Tenpins)</i> <def>Same as <u>Ten-
strike</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>String</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In various indoor games, a score or tally,
sometimes, as in American billiard games, marked by buttons threaded
on a string or wire.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In various games,
competitions, etc., a certain number of turns at play, of rounds,
etc.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Billiards &amp; Pool)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The line from behind and over which the cue ball must be played
after being out of play as by being pocketed or knocked off the table;
-- called also <i>string line</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Act
of stringing for break.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A hoax; a trumped-up or "fake"
story.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>String</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To hoax; josh;
jolly.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>String</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form into a string
or strings, as a substance which is stretched, or people who are
moving along, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Strip"per</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>A cow
that has nearly stopped giving milk, so that it can be obtained from
her only by stripping.</def></p>

<p><hw>Struc"tur*al shape</hw>. <i>(Engin. &amp; Arch.)</i> <def>The shape
of a member especially adapted to structural purposes, esp. in giving
the greatest strength with the least material.</def> Hence, Colloq.,
<def>any steel or iron member of such shape, as channel irons,
<universbold>I</universbold> beams, <universbold>T</universbold>
beams, etc., or, sometimes, a column, girder, etc., built up with such
members.</def></p>

<p><hw>Structural steel</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Rolled steel in
structural shapes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>  <def>A kind of strong
mild steel, suitable for structural shapes.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Stun"dist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.
<i>shtundist</i>, prob. fr. G. <i>stunde</i> hour; -- from their
meetings for Bible reading.] <i>(Eccl. Hist.)</i> <def>One of a large
sect of Russian dissenters founded, about 1860, in the village of
Osnova, near Odessa, by a peasant, Onishchenko, who had apparently
been influenced by a German sect settled near there. They zealously
practice Bible reading and reject priestly dominion and all external
rites of worship.</def> -- <wf>Stun"dism</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Stunt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Stint</u> a task.]
<def>A feat hard to perform; an act which is striking for the skill,
strength, or the like, required to do it; a feat.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>An extraordinary man does three or four different
"<i>stunts</i>" with remarkable dexterity.</blockquote>  <i>The
Bookman.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>He does not try to do <i>stunts</i>; and, above all, he
does not care to go in swimming.</blockquote>  <i>L. Hutton.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Sty"lus</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In a photograph, a
pointed piece which is moved by the vibrations given to the diaphragm
by a sound, and produces the indented record; also, a pointed piece
which follows the indented record, vibrates the diaphragm, and
reproduces the sound.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sty"mie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>Sti"my</hw>
}. [Orig. uncertain.] <i>(Golf)</i> <def>The position of two balls on
the putting green such that, being more than six inches apart, one
ball lies directly between the other and the hole at which the latter
must be played; also, the act of bringing the balls into this
position.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Sty"mie</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> Also <hw>Sti"my</hw>
}. <i>(Golf)</i> <def>To bring into the position of, or impede by, a
stymie.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*ac"e*tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>An acetate containing an excess of the basic
constituent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*car"bon*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>A carbonate containing an excess of the basic
constituent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*cel"lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cellar
beneath another story wholly or partly underground; usually, a cellar
under a cellar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*con"scious*ness</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The
state or quality of being subconscious; a state of mind in which
perception and other mental processes occur without distinct
consciousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`ber*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Conversion of the cell walls into cork tissue by development of
suberin; -- commonly taking place in exposed tissues, as when a callus
forms over a wound. Suberized cell walls are impervious to
water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"ber*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>-ized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>-izing</u> (?).] [L. <i>suber</i> cork.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>To
effect suberization of.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*lim"i*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>sub-</i>
+ L. <i>limen</i> threshold.] <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>Existing in the
mind, but below the surface or threshold of consciousness; that is,
existing as feeling rather than as clear ideas.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub`ma*rine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A submarine
boat; esp., <i>Nav.</i>, a submarine torpedo boat; -- called specif.
<i>submergible submarine</i> when capable of operating at various
depths and of traveling considerable distances under water, and
<i>submersible submarine</i> when capable of being only partly
submerged, i.e., so that the conning tower, etc., is still above
water. The latter type and most of the former type are submerged as
desired by regulating the amount of water admitted to the ballast
tanks and sink on an even keel; some of the former type effect
submersion while under way by means of horizontal rudders, in some
cases also with admission of water to the ballast tanks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sub*sist"ence De*part"ment</hw>. <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A staff
department of the United States army charged, under the  supervision
of the Chief of Staff, with the purchasing and issuing to the army of
such supplies as make up the  ration. It also supplies, for authorized
sales, certain articles of food and other minor stores. It is
commanded by any officer of the rank of brigadier general, called
commissary general, and the department is popularly called the
<i>Commissary Department</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Suck"er State</hw>. <def>Illinois; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sudd</hw> (s&ubreve;d), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar. <i>sadd</i>
barrier.] <def>A tangled mass of floating vegetal matter obstructing
navigation.</def> [Central Africa]</p>

<p><hw>Su&egrave;de</hw> (sw&asl;d <i>or</i> sw&acirc;d),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., Sweden.] <def>Swedish glove leather, --
usually made from lambskins tanned with willow bark. Also used
adjectively; as, <i>su&egrave;de</i> gloves.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sug*ges"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Hypnotism)</i>
<def>The control of the mind of an hypnotic subject by ideas in the
mind of the hypnotizer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sug*gest"ive med"i*cine</hw> (?). <def>Treatment by commands or
positive statements addressed to a more or less hypnotized
patient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sul"phite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who is
spontaneous and original in his habits of thought and
conversation.</def> [Slang] -- <wf>Sul*phit"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Slang]</p>

<p><blockquote>A <i>sulphite</i> is a person who does his own
thinking, he is a person who has surprises up his sleeve. He is
explosive.</blockquote>  <i>Gelett Burgess.</i></p>

<p><hw>Su*lu"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Malay <i>Suluk</i>.]
<def>A member of the most prominent tribe of the Moro tribes,
occupying the Sulu Archipelago; also, their language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*ma"tra leaf</hw> (?). <def>A thin, elastic, uniformly light-
colored tobacco leaf, raised in Sumatra and extensively used for cigar
wrappers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*me"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>Sumirian</i>.]  <def>Of or pertaining to the region of lower
Babylonia, which was anciently called <i>Sumer</i>, or its inhabitants
or their language.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su*me"ri*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>Sumirian</i>.] <def>A native of lower Babylonia, anciently
called Sumer.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sum"mum bo"num</hw> (?). [L.] <i>(Philos.)</i> <def>The
supreme or highest good, -- referring to the object of human
life.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"cup`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A yellow flowered
evening primrose (<i>Taraxia, syn. &OElig;nothera, ovata</i>) native
of California.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"dog`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A
fragmentary rainbow; a small rainbow near the horizon; -- called also
<i>dog</i> and <i>weathergaw</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"down`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tramp or
vagabond in the Australian bush; -- so called from his coming to sheep
stations at sunset of ask for supper and a bed, when it is too late to
work; -- called also <i>traveler</i> and <i>swagman</i> (but not all
<i>swagmen</i> are <i>sundowners</i>).</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Sundowners</i>, -- men who loaf about till sunset,
and then come in with the demand for unrefusable rations.</blockquote>
<i>Francis Adams.</i></p>

<p><hw>Sun"drops`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Sun</i> +
<i>drop</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of the several species of
<i>Kneiffia</i>, esp. <i>K. fruticosa</i> (syn. <i>&OElig;nothera
fruticosa</i>), of the Evening-primrose family, having flowers that
open by daylight.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sun"flow`er State</hw>. <def>Kansas; a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*dread"nought`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Dreadnought</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su`per*heat"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To heat a
liquid above its boiling point without converting it into
vapor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*man`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>=
<u>Overman</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Su"per*tax`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Super-</i> +
<i>tax</i>.] <def>A tax in addition to the usual or normal tax;
specif., in the United Kingdom, an income tax of sixpence for every
pound in addition to the normal income tax of one shilling and
twopence for every pound, imposed, by the Finance Act of 1909-1910 (c.
8, ss 66, 72), on the amount by which the  income of any person
exceeds &pound;3,000 when his total income exceeds
&pound;5,000.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*charge"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To print or
write a surcharge on (a postage stamp).</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur*charge"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A charge over the usual or legal
rates.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Something printed or written on a postage
stamp to  give it a new legal effect, as a new valuation, a place, a
date, etc.; also (Colloq.), a stamp with a surcharge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"face load`ing</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>The
weight supported per square unit of surface; the quotient obtained by
dividing the gross weight, in pounds, of a fully loaded flying
machine, by the total area, in square feet, of its supporting
surface.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sur"face ten"sion</hw>. <i>(Physics)</i> <def>That property,
due to molecular forces, which exists in the <i>surface film</i> of
all liquids and tends to bring the contained volume into a form having
the least superficial area. The thickness of this film, amounting to
less than a thousandth of a millimeter, is considered to equal the
radius of the sphere of molecular action, that is, the greatest
distance at which there is cohesion between two particles. Particles
lying below this film, being equally acted on from all sides, are in
equilibrium as to forces of cohesion, but those in the film are on the
whole attracted inward, and tension results.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2015 !></p>

<p><hw>Sur*ren"der</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Insurance)</i>
<def>The voluntary cancellation of the legal liability of the company
by the insured and beneficiary for a consideration (called the
<col><b>surrender value</b></col>).</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sur"sum cor"da</hw> (?). [L. <i>sursum</i> upward +
<i>corda</i> hearts.] <i>(Eccl.)</i> <def>In the Eucharist, the
versicles immediately before the preface, inviting the people to join
in the service by "lifting up the heart" to God.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swag</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To tramp carrying a
swag.</def> [Australia]</p>

<p><hw>Swag</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [Australia]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tramping bushman's luggage, rolled up
either in canvas or in a blanket so as to form a long bundle, and
carried on the back or over the shoulder; -- called also a
<i>bluey</i>, or a <i>drum</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any
bundle of luggage similarly rolled up; hence, luggage in
general.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>He tramped for years till the <i>swag</i> he bore
seemed part of himself.</blockquote>  <i>Lawson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Swag"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A swagman.</def>
[Australia]</p>

<p><hw>Swag"gie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A swagman.</def>
[Australia]</p>

<p><hw>Swag"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A bushman carrying
a swag and traveling on foot; -- called also <i>swagsman</i>,
<i>swagger</i>, and <i>swaggie</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Swags"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A swagman.</def>
[Australia]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Swas"ti*ka</hw>, <hw>Swas"ti*ca</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>suastica</i>, <i>svastika</i>, etc.]
[Skr. <i>svastika</i>, fr. <i>svasti</i> walfare; <i>su</i> well +
<i>asti</i> being.] <def>A symbol or ornament in the form of a Greek
cross with the ends of the arms at right angles all in the same
direction, and each prolonged to the height of the parallel arm of the
cross. A great many modified forms exist, ogee and volute as well as
rectilinear, while various decorative designs, as Greek fret or
meander, are derived from or closely associated with it. The swastika
is found in remains from the Bronze Age in various parts of Europe,
esp. at Hissarlik (Troy), and was in frequent use as late as the 10th
century. It is found in ancient Persia, in India, where both Jains and
Buddhists used (or still use) it as religious symbol, in China and
Japan, and among Indian tribes of North, Central, and South America.
It is usually thought to be a charm, talisman, or religious token,
esp. a sign of good luck or benediction. Max M&uuml;Ller distinguished
from the <i>swastika</i>, with arms prolonged to the right, the
<i>suavastika</i>, with arms prolonged to the left, but this
distinction is not commonly recognized. Other names for the swastika
are <i>fylfot</i> and <i>gammadion</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sway bar</hw>. <i>(Vehicles)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A bar
attached to the hounds, in the rear of the front axle, so as to slide
on the reach as the axle is swung in turning the vehicle.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Either of the two bars used in coupling the
front and rear sleds of a logging sled; also, the bar used to couple
two logging cars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Switch</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
device for shifting an electric current to another circuit, or for
making and breaking a circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"la*bus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Law)</i> <def>The
headnote of a reported case; the brief statement of the points of law
determined prefixed to a reported case. The opinion controls the
syllabus, the latter being merely explanatory of the former.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syl"van*ite</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Fr.
Tran<i>sylvania</i>, where first found.] <i>(Min.)</i> <def>A
telluride of gold and silver, (Au, Ag)Te<sub>2</sub>, of a steel gray,
silver white, or brass yellow. It often occurs in implanted crystals
resembling written characters, and hence is called <i>graphic
tellurium</i>. H., 1.5-2. Sp.gr., 7.9-8.3.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Sym`bi*o"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
a living together, &?; to live together; &?; with + &?; to live.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>The living together in more or less imitative
association or even close union of two dissimilar organisms. In a
broad sense the term includes parasitism, or <col><b>antagonistic, or
antipathetic, symbiosis</b></col>, in which the association is
disadvantageous or destructive to one of the organisms, but ordinarily
it is used of cases where the association is advantageous, or often
necessary, to one or both, and not harmful to either. When there is
bodily union (in extreme cases so close that the two form practically
a single body, as in the union of alg&aelig; and fungi to form
lichens, and in the inclusion of alg&aelig; in radiolarians) it is
called <col><b>conjunctive symbiosis</b></col>; if there is no actual
union of the organisms (as in the association of ants with
myrmecophytes), <col><b>disjunctive symbiosis</b></col>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sym`bi*ot"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;.]
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or characterized by, or living in,
a state of symbiosis.</def> -- <wf>Sym`bi*ot"ic*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Sym`bi*ot"ic*al*ly</wf> (#),
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Sym"pa*thy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. &amp; Med.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The reciprocal influence exercised by organs
or parts on one another, as shown in the effects of a diseased
condition of one part on another part or organ, as in the vomiting
produced by a tumor of the brain.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The
influence of a certain psychological state in one person in producing
a like state in another.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"cre*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Philol.)</i>
<def>The union or fusion into one of two or more originally different
inflectional forms, as of two cases.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Syn*dac"tyl</hw>, <hw>Syn*dac"tyle</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Syn-</i> + Gr. &?; finger, toe.]
<i>(Zo&ouml;l. &amp; Med.)</i> <def>Having two or more digits wholly or
partly united. See <u>Syndactylism</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"dic</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Civil Law)</i>
<def>One appointed to manage an estate, essentially as a trustee,
under English law.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"dic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Consisting of, or pert. to, a syndic.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of,
syndicalism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"dic*al*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>syndicalisme</i>.] <def>The theory, plan, or practice of trade-
union action (originally as advocated and practiced by the French
Conf&eacute;d&eacute;ration G&eacute;n&eacute;rale du Travail) which
aims to abolish the present political and social system by means of
the general strike (as distinguished from the local or sectional
strike) and direct action of whatever kind (as distinguished from
action which takes effect only through the medium of political action)
-- <i>direct action</i> including any kind of action that is directly
effective, whether it be a simple strike, a peaceful public
demonstration, sabotage, or revolutionary violence. By the general
strike and direct action syndicalism aims to establish a social system
in which the means and processes of production are in the control of
local organizations of workers, who are manage them for the common
good.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"dic*al*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
advocates or practices syndicalism.</def> --
<wf>Syn`dic*al*is"tic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn"di*cate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>-cated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>-cating</u> (?).] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To combine or form into,
or manage as, a syndicate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To acquire or control for or by, or to
subject to the management of, a syndicate; as, <i>syndicated</i>
newspapers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"di*cate</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To unite to form
a syndicate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn`di*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act or
process of syndicating or forming a syndicate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"e*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
intelligence.] <i>(Gram.)</i> <def>A construction in which adherence
to some element in the sense causes a departure from strict syntax, as
in "Philip went down to Samaria and preached Christ unto
<i>them</i>."</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"o*nym</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>An incorrect or incorrectly applied scientific name, as a new
name applied to a species or genus already properly named, or a
specific name preoccupied by that of another species of the same
genus; -- so used in the system of nomenclature (which see) in which
the correct scientific names of certain natural groups (usually
genera, species, and subspecies) are regarded as determined by
priority.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One of two or more words corresponding in
meaning but of different languages; a heteronym.</def> [Rare]</p>

<p><hw>Syn*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>Of or pert. to syntony; specif., designating, or pert. to, a
system of wireless telegraphy in which the transmitting and receiving
apparatus are in syntony with, and only with, one another.</def> --
<wf>Syn*ton"ic*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> --
<wf>Syn*ton"ic*al*ly</wf>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn"to*nize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>-nized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>-nizing</u> (?).] [See <u>Syntony</u>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>To
adjust or devise so as to emit or respond to electric oscillations of
a certain wave length; to tune; specif., to put (two or more
instruments or systems of wireless telegraphy) in syntony with each
other.</def> -- <wf>Syn`to*ni*za"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syn"to*niz`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>One that syntonizes; specif., a device consisting essentially of
a variable inductance coil and condenser with a pair of adjustable
spark balls, for attuning the time periods of antenn&aelig; in
wireless telegraphy (called also <i><col><b>syntonizing
coil</b></col></i>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Syn"to*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Gr. &?;
agreement. See <u>Syn-</u>; <u>Tone</u>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>State
of being adjusted to a certain wave length; agreement or tuning
between the time period of an apparatus emitting electric oscillations
and that of a receiving apparatus, esp. in wireless
telegraphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Sys"to*le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. &
Biol.)</i> <def>The contraction of the heart and arteries by which the
blood is forced onward and the circulation kept up; also, the
contraction of a rhythmically pulsating contractile vacuole; --
correlative to <i>diastole</i>.</def> -- <wf>Sys*tol"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Syz"y*gy</hw> (s&ibreve;z"&ibreve;*j&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The intimately united and apparently fused
condition of certain low organisms during conjugation.</def></p>

<p><point26>T.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Ta*bas"co sauce</hw> (?). [So named after <i>Tabasco</i>, a
river and state of Mexico.] <def>A kind of very pungent sauce made
from red peppers.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ta`bleau"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Solitaire)</i>
<def>The arrangement, or layout, of cards.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ta"ble d'h&ocirc;te"</hw>. <def>Now, commonly, a meal,
usually of several courses, in a restaurant, hotel, or the like, for
which one pays a fixed price irrespective of what one orders; -- often
used adjectively; as, a <i>table-d'h&ocirc;te</i> meal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Table work</hw>. <i>(Print.)</i> <def>Typesetting of tabular
nmatter, or the type matter set in tabular form.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tab"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [A table-mark.] <def>A
compressed portion of one or more drugs or chemicals, or of food,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tab"loid</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Compressed or
condensed, as into a tabloid; administrated in or as in tabloids, or
small condensed bits; as, a <i>tabloid</i> form of imparting
information.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*boo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>tapu</i>.] [Polynesian <i>tabu</i>, <i>tapu</i>, sacred, under
restriction, a prohibition.] <def>Set apart or sacred by religious
custom among certain races of Polynesia, New Zealand, etc., and
forbidden to certain persons or uses; hence, prohibited under severe
penalties; interdicted; as, food, places, words, customs, etc., may be
<i>taboo</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tac`-au-tac"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>riposter du tac au tac</i> to parry (where <i>tac</i> imitates the
sound made by the steel).] <i>(Fencing)</i> <def>The parry which is
connected with a riposte; also, a series of quick attacks and parries
in which neither fencer gains a point.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*chis"to*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;,
superl. of &?; swift + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>An
apparatus for exposing briefly to view a screen bearing letters or
figures. It is used in studying the range of attention, or the power
of distinguishing separate objects in a single impression.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tach"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; speed +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>A recording or registering tachometer; also, its
autographic record.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*chom"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Measurement
by a tachometer; the science or use of tachometers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tach"y*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An example of
tachygraphy; esp., an ancient Greek or Roman tachygraphic
manuscript.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*chyg"ra*pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a fast
writer.] <def>One who writes shorthand; a stenographer; esp., an
ancient Greek or Roman notary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*chym"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Tachy-</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Surveying)</i> <def>An
instrument, esp. a transit or theodolite with stadia wires, for
determining quickly the distances, bearings, and elevations of distant
objects.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A speed indicator; a tachometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*chym"e*try</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science
or use of the tachymeter.</def> -- <wf>Ta`chy*met"ric</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tach"y*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; quick +
<i>-scope</i>.] <def>An early form of antimated-picture machine,
devised in 1889 by Otto Ansch&uuml;tz of Berlin, in which the
chronophotographs were mounted upon the periphery of a rotating
wheel.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tack"y</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Etymol. uncert.]
<def>Dowdy, shabby, or neglected in appearance; unkempt.</def> [Local,
U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tack"y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>tackey</i>.]
<def>An ill-conditioned, ill-fed, or neglected horse; also, a person
in a like condition.</def> [Southern U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tact"ful</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Full of tact;
characterized by a discerning sense of what is right, proper, or
judicious.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tac"tic*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;. See
<u>Tactics</u>.] <def>Of or pert. to military or naval tactics; hence,
pert. to, or characterized by, planning or maneuvering.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>T&aelig;"ni*a*cide`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Te"ni*a*cide`</hw>  }. [<i>T&aelig;nia</i> + <i>-cide</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>A remedy to destroy tapeworms.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>T&aelig;"ni*a*fuge`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Te"ni*a*fuge`</hw> }. [<i>T&aelig;nia</i> + L. <i>fugare</i> to
drive away.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A remedy to expel tapeworms.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||T&aelig;*ni"a*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>||Te*ni"a*sis</hw> }. [NL. See <u>T&aelig;nia</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Ill health due to t&aelig;nia, or tapeworms.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*gal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of a Malayan race, mainly of central Luzon, next to the
Visayans the most numerous of the native peoples of the Philippines.
Nearly all are Christians and many are highly educated.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The language of the Tagals;
Tagalog.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*ga"log</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Any member of a certain tribe which is one of
the leading and most civilized of those native of the Philippine
Islands.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The language of the Tagalogs. It belongs
to the Malay family of languages and is one of the most highly
developed members of the family.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tag day</hw>. <def>A day on which contributions to some public
or private charity or fund are solicited promiscuously on the street,
and tags given to contributors to wear as an evidence of their having
contributed. Such solicitation is now subject to legal restriction in
various places.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tai</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating, or
pertaining to, the chief linguistic stock of Indo-China, including the
peoples of Siamese and Shan speech.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tai</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of one of the
tribes of the Tai stock.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>Tais</i> first appeared in history in Yunnan,
and from thence they migrated into Upper Burma. The earliest swarms
appear to have entered that tract about two thousand years ago, and
were small in number.</blockquote>  <i>Census of India, 1901.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>pl.</i>
<i>(Rope Making)</i> <def>In some forms of rope-laying machine, pieces
of rope attached to the iron bar passing through the grooven wooden
top containing the strands, for wrapping around the rope to be
laid.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>pl.</i> <def>A tailed coat; a tail
coat.</def> [Colloq. or Dial.]</p>

<p><hw>Tail</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>In flying machines, a plane or group of planes used at the rear
to confer stability.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
prolongation of current in a telegraph line, due to capacity in the
line and causing signals to run together.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tai"lor-made`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Made by a tailor
or according to a tailor's fashion; -- said specif. of women's
garments made with certain closeness of fit, simplicity of ornament,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tail"piece`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Locks)</i> <def>A piece for transmitting motion from the hub of a
lock to the latch bolt.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The part of a telescope containing the
adjusting device for the eyepiece, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Taint</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>Aphetic form of
<u>Attaint</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tai"ping"</hw>, or <hw>Tae"ping"</hw> } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>t'aip'ing</i> great peace.] <i>(Chinese
Hist.)</i> <def>Pertaining to or designating a dynasty with which one
Hung-Siu-Chuen, a half-religious, half-political enthusiast, attempted
to supplant the Manchu dynasty by the <col><b>Taiping
rebellion</b></col>, incited by him in 1850 and suppressed by General
Gordon about 1864.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2016 !></p>

<p><hw>Taj Ma*hal"</hw> (t&auml;j m&adot;*h&auml;l"). [Corruption of
Per. <i>Mumt&amacr;z-i-Ma&hsdot;al</i>, lit., the distinguished one of
the palace, fr. Ar.] <def>A marble mausoleum built at Agra, India, by
the Mogul Emperor Shah Jahan, in memory of his favorite wife. In
beauty of design and rich decorative detail it is one of the best
examples of Saracenic architecture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Take</hw> (t&amacr;k), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To make a picture, photograph, or the like,
of; as, to <i>take</i> a group or a scene.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To give or deliver (a blow to); to strike;
hit; as, he <i>took</i> me in the face; he <i>took</i> me a blow on
the head.</def> [Obs. exc. Slang or Dial.]</p>

<p><hw>Take"-off`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The spot at which
one takes off; specif., the place from which a jumper rises in
leaping.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>take-off</i> should be selected with great care,
and a pit of large dimensions provided on the landing
side.</blockquote>  <i>Encyc. of Sport.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tak"ing-off`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Print.)</i> <def>The removal of sheets from the press.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Act of presenting a take-off, or burlesque
imitation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tal"a*poin</hw> (t&abreve;l"&adot;*poin),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg. <i>talapoi</i>, <i>talapoin</i>, name for
Buddhist priest, fr. Siamese <i>t&lsquo;ama p&lsquo;r&abreve;</i>;
<i>t&lsquo;ama</i>, honorific title + <i>p&lsquo;r&abreve;</i>
priest.] <def>A Buddhist monk or priest.</def> [Ceylon &amp; Indo-
China]</p>

<p><hw>||Tal"cum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Min.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Talc</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tall"boy`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A kind of long-stemmed wineglass or cup.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A piece of household furniture common in
the eighteenth century, usually in two separate parts, with larger
drawers above and smaller ones below and raised on legs fifteen inches
or more in height; -- called also <i>highboy</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A long sheet-metal pipe for a chimney
top.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tal"lis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Tallith</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tal"lith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NHeb.
<i>tall&imacr;th</i>.] <i>(Jewish Costume)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>An undergarment worn by orthodox Jews, covering the chest and the
upper part of the back. It has an opening for the head, and has
tassels, called zizith, on its four corners.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A tasseled shawl or scarf worn over the head or thrown round the
shoulders while at prayer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tal"mud*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  (&?;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The teachings of the Talmud, or adherence to
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ta*ma"le</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>tamal</i>, <i>tomale</i>.] [Amer. Sp. <i>tamal</i>, of Mex.
origin.] <def>A Mexican dish made of crushed maize mixed with minced
meat, seasoned with red pepper, dipped in oil, and steamed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam`bour*ine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A South
American wild dove (<i>Tympanistria tympanistria</i>), mostly white,
with black-tiped wings and tail. Its resonant note is said to be
ventriloquous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam`-o'-shan"ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [So named after
<i>Tam o'Shanter</i>, a character in Burns's poem of the same name.]
<def>A kind of Scotch cap of wool, worsted, or the like, having a
round, flattish top much wider than the band which fits the head, and
usually having a tassel in the center.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tam"worth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Tamworth</i>,
Staffordshire, England.] <def>One of a long-established English breed
of large pigs. They are red, often spotted with black, with a long
snout and erect or forwardly pointed ears, and are valued as bacon
producers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To thrash or beat; to
flog; to switch.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tan"dem</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tandem bicycle or
other vehicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"dem cart</hw>. <def>A kind of two-wheeled vehicle with
seats back to back, the front one somewhat elevated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tandem engine</hw>. <def>A steam engine having two or more
steam cylinders in line, with a common piston rod.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tandem system</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>= <u>Cascade
system</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tang</hw> (t&auml;ng), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin.
<i>T'ang</i>.] <def>A dynasty in Chinese history, from <u>a. d.</u>
618 to 905, distinguished by the founding of the Imperial Academy (the
Hanlin), by the invention of printing, and as marking a golden age of
literature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ge*lo</hw> (t&abreve;n"j&esl;*l&omacr;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Tang</i>erine + pom<i>elo</i>.] <def>A
hybrid between the tangerine orange and the grapefruit, or pomelo;
also, the fruit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tangent spoke</hw>. <def>A tension spoke of a bicycle or
similar wheel, secured tangentially to the hub.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tangent wheel</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A worm or worm
wheel; a tangent screw.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A wheel with
tangent spokes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"go</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Tangos</b></plw> (#). [Sp., a certain dance.]
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A difficult dance in two-four time
characterized by graceful posturing, frequent pointing positions, and
a great variety of steps, including the cross step and turning steps.
The dance is of Spanish origin, and is believed to have been in its
original form a part of the fandango.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Any of various popular forms derived from this.</def>
</p>

<p><hw>Tank</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A pond, pool, or small
lake, natural or artificial.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>We stood in the afterglow on the bank of the
<i>tank</i> and saw the ducks come homa.</blockquote>  <i>F.
Remington.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The <i>tanks</i> are full and the grass is
high.</blockquote>  <i>Lawson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tank"age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act or process of putting or storing in tanks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Fees charged for storage in
tanks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>The capacity or contents of a tank or
tanks.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <i>(Agric.)</i> <def>Waste matter from tanks;
esp., the dried nitrogenous residue from tanks in which fat has been
rendered, used as a fertilizer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tank ship</hw>, <hw>Tank vessel</hw>  }. <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A vessel fitted with tanks for the carrying of oil or other
liquid in bulk.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"ner</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etym. uncertain.]
<def>A sixpence.</def> [Slang, Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tan"ni*gen</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Tann</i>in +
<i>-gen</i>.] <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A compound obtained as a yellowish
gray powder by the action of acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride or
ordinary tannic acid. It is used as an intestinal astringent, and
locally in rhinitis and pharyngitis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tan"tra</hw> (t&abreve;n"tr&adot;; t&ubreve;n"-),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.] <i>(Hinduism)</i> <def>A ceremonial
treatise related to Puranic and magic literature; esp., one of the
sacred works of the worshipers of Sakti.</def> -- <wf>Tan"tric</wf> (-
tr&ibreve;k), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tan"trism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The system of
doctrines and  rites taught in the tantras.</def> --
<wf>Tan"trist</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Tao`tai"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>tao</i>
circuit + <i>t'ai</i>, a title of respect.] <def>In China, an official
at the head of the civil and military affairs of a circuit, which
consists of two or more <i>fu</i>, or territorial departments; --
called also, by foreigners, <i>intendant of circuit</i>. Foreign
consuls and commissioners associated with taotais as superintendants
of trade at the treaty ports are ranked with the taotai.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Tap`a*de"ra</hw> (?), <hw>||Tap`a*de"ro</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>} [Also <i>tapidero</i>.] [Sp. <i>tapadera</i>
lid, cover.] <def>One of the leather hoods which cover the stirrups of
a Mexican saddle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tape</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Taped</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Taping</u>.] <def>To furnish with tape; to fasten, tie, bind, or
the like, with tape;</def> specif. <i>(Elec.)</i>, <def>to cover (a
wire) with insulating tape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tap"es*try bee"tle</hw>. <def>A small black dermestoid beetle
(<i>Attagenus piceus</i>) whose larva feeds on tapestry, carpets,
silk, fur, flour, and various other goods.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tap"pet rod</hw>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A rod carrying a tappet
or tappets, as one for closing the valves in a Cornish pumping
engine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tap*poon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.
<i>tamp&oacute;n</i> a stopper.] <i>(Irrigation)</i> <def>A piece of
wood or sheet metal fitted into a ditch to dam up the water so as to
overflow a field.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tar"get</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A thin cut; a slice; specif., of lamb, a piece consisting of the
neck and breast joints.</def> [Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A tassel or pendent; also, a shred;
tatter.</def> [Obs. Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Tar"iff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tariff may be
imposed solely for, and with reference to, the production of revenue
(called a <col><b>revenue tariff</b></col>, or <col><b>tariff for
revenue</b></col>, or for the artificial fostering of home industries
(<col><b>a projective tariff</b></col>), or as a means of coercing
foreign governments, as in case of <col><b>retaliatory
tariff</b></col>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tar*pe"ian</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>Tarpeius</i>,
prop., pertaining to <i>Tarpeia</i>.] <def>Pertaining to or
designating a rock or peak of the Capitoline hill, Rome, from which
condemned criminals were hurled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Task wage</hw>. <i>(Polit. Econ.)</i> <def>A wage paid by the
day, or some fixed period, on condition that a minimum task be
performed. When the workman is paid in proportion for excess over the
minimum, the wage is one for piece-work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tat"ter*sall's</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A famous
horse market in London, established in 1766 by Richard Tattersall,
also used as the headquarters of credit betting on English horse
races; hence, a large horse market elsewhere.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tat"ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Tatties</b></plw> (#). [Hind.
<i>&tsdot;a&tsdot;&tsdot;&imacr;</i>.] <def>A mat or screen of fibers,
as of the kuskus grass, hung at a door or window and kept wet to
moisten and cool the air as it enters.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Tau</hw> (tou), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>tay^</grk>.]
<def>The nineteenth letter (&TAU;, &tau;) of the Greek alphabet,
equivalent to English <i>t</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tau"pie</hw>, <hw>Taw"pie</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Cf. Icel. <i>t&omacr;pi</i> fool, Dan. <i>taabe</i>, Sw.
<i>t&aring;p</i>.] <def>A foolish or thoughtless young person, esp. a
slothful or slovenly woman.</def> [Scot.]  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tau"rid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Taurus</i> + 1st
<i>-id</i>.] <i>(Astron.)</i> <def>Any of a group of meteors appearing
November 20-23; -- so called because they appear to radiate from a
point in Taurus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tau*taug"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Same as <u>Tautog</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax certificate</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>The certificate issued
to the purchaser of land at a tax sale certifying to the sale and the
payment of the consideration thereof, and entitling the purchaser upon
certain conditions and at a certain time thereafter to a deed or
instrument of conveyance (called a <i>tax deed</i>) of the land, to be
executed by the proper officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In technical uses,
as in architecture, biology, grammar, etc., arrangement; order;
ordonnance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tay"lor-White" proc`ess</hw>. <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A process
(invented about 1899 by Frederick W. Taylor and Maunsel B. White) for
giving toughness to self-hardening steels. The steel is heated almost
to fusion, cooled to a temperature of from 700&deg; to 850&deg; C. in
molten lead, further cooled in oil, reheated to between 370&deg; and
670&deg; C., and cooled in air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tchick</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Imitative.] <def>A
slight sound such as that made by pressing the tongue against the roof
of the mouth and explosively sucking out the air at one side, as in
urging on a horse.</def> -- <pos><i>v. i. </i></pos> <def>To make a
tchick.</def></p>

<p><hw>T connection</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The connection of two
coils diagrammatically as a letter <universbold>T</universbold>,
chiefly used as a connection for passing transformers. When the three
free ends are connected to a source of three-phase current, two-phase
current may be derived from the secondary circuits. The reverse
arrangement may be used to transform from two-phase.</def> -- <wf>T"-
connected</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Teache</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Amer. Sp.
<i>tacha</i>, <i>tacho</i>.] <i>(Sugar Manuf.)</i> <def>Any, esp. the
last, of the series of boilers or evaporating pans.</def></p>

<p><hw>Team"work`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Work done by a
number of associates, usually each doing a clearly defined portion,
but all subordinating personal prominence to the efficiency of the
whole; as, the <i>teamwork</i> of a football eleven or a gun
crew.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Is the <i>teamwork</i> system employed, or does one
workman make the whole cigar?</blockquote>  <i>U. S. Consular
Repts.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tear</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Glass Manuf.)</i>
<def>A partially vitrified bit of clay in glass.</def> --
<col><b>Tears of St. Lawrence</b></col>, <cd>the Perseid shower of
meteors, seen every year on or about the eve of St. Lawrence, August
9th.</cd> -- <col><b>T. of wine</b></col>, <cd>drops which form and
roll down a glass above the surface of strong wine. The phenomenon is
due to the evaporation of alcohol from the surface layer, which,
becoming more watery, increases in surface tension and creeps up the
sides until its weight causes it to break.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Teas"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
shunt winding on field magnets for maintaining their magnetism when
the main circuit is open.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech*ni"cian</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A technicist;
esp., one skilled particularly in the technical details of his
work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech"ni*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; art +
<i>-phone</i>.] <i>(Music)</i> <def>A dumb gymnastic apparatus for
training the hands of pianists and organists, as to a legato
touch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tech*nog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; art,
skill, craft + <i>graph</i>.] <def>Description of the arts and  crafts
of tribes and peoples.</def> -- <wf>Tech`no*graph"ic</wf>,
<wf>Tech`no*graph"ic*al</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tec*ton"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Structural.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Geol. &amp; Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>Of, pert. to,
or designating, the rock structures and external forms resulting from
the deformation of the earth's crust; as, <i>tectonic</i> arches or
valleys.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tec*ton"ics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The science or
art by which implements, vessels, buildings, etc., are constructed,
both in relation to their use and to their artistic design.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Te*des"co</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Tedeschi</b></plw> (#). [It., of Germanic origin. See
<u>Dutch</u>.] <def>German; -- used chiefly of art, literature,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Te De"um</hw> (?). <def>A musical setting of the Te
Deum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tee</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The letter T, t; also,
something shaped like, or resembling in form, the letter
<universbold>T</universbold>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tee</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Teed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Teeing</u>.] <i>(Golf)</i> <def>To place (the ball) on a
tee.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teeing ground</hw>. <i>(Golf)</i> <def>The space from within
which the ball must be struck in beginning the play for each
hole.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tees"wa`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From the river
<i>Tees</i>, northern England.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A breed of
cattle formerly bred in England, but supposed to have originated in
Holland and to have been the principal stock from which the shorthorns
were derived.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An old English breed of sheep allied to
the Leicester.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tee-to"-tum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Teetotaler</u>.] <def>A workingmen's resort conducted under
religious influences as a counteractant to the drinking saloon.</def>
[Colloq. or Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Tel*au"to*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A message
transmitted and recorded by a teleautograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel*au"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>autograph</i>.] <def>A facsimile telegraph
for reproducing writing, pictures, maps, etc. In the transmitter the
motions of the pencil are communicated by levers to two rotary shafts,
by which variations in current are produced in two separate circuits.
In the receiver these variations are utilized by electromagnetic
devices and levers to move a pen as the pencil moves.</def> --
<wf>Tel`au*tog"ra*phist</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*chi"ro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <grk>chei`r</grk>, <grk>cheiro`s</grk>, hand +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument for  telegraphically transmitting
and receiving handwritten messages, as photographically by a beam of
light from a mirror.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*le"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>telyega</i>.]
<def>A rude four-wheeled, springless wagon, used among the
Russians.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*leg"o*ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + root of  Gr. &?; to be born.] <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The supposed influence of a father upon offspring subsequent to
his own, begotten of the same mother by another father.</def> --
<wf>Te*leg"o*nous</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Te*leg"ra*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>-graph</i> + &?; sound.] <def>An instrument
for recording and reproducing sound by local magnetization of a steel
wire, disk, or ribbon, moved against the pole of a magnet connected
electrically with a telephone receiver, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*graph"o*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk>  far + <i>-graph</i> + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>An
instrument for telegraphically transmitting a picture and reproducing
its image as a positive or negative. The transmitter includes a camera
obscura and a row of minute selenium cells. The receiver includes an
oscillograph, ralay, equilibrator, and an induction coil the sparks
from which perforate a paper with tiny holes that form the
image.</def></p>

<p><hw>Telegraph plant</hw>. <def>An East Indian tick trefoil
<i>(Meibomia gyrans)</i>, whose lateral leaflets jerk up and down like
the arms of a semaphore, and also rotate on their axes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*hy`dro*ba*rom"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>hydrobarometer</i>.] <def>An instrument for
indicating the level of water in a distant tank or
reservior.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e-i*con"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>iconograph</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
instrument essentially the same as the telemetrograph.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A form of facsimile telegraph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`-el-A*mar"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar., hill of
Amarna.] <def>A station on the Nile, midway between Thebes and
Memphis, forming the site of the capital of Amenophis IV., whose
archive chamber was discovered there in 1887. A collection of tablets
(called the <col><b>Tel-el-Amarna, or the Amarna,</b></col>
<col><b>tablets</b></col>) was found here, forming the Asiatic
correspondence (<col><b>Tel-el-Amarna letters</b></col>) of Amenophis
IV. and his father, Amenophis III., written in cuneiform characters.
It is an important source of our knowledge of Asia from about 1400 to
1370 <u>b. c.</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*lec"tric</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>electric</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to transmission, as of music, to a distance by
electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*lec"tro*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>electro-</i> + <i>-scope</i>.] <def>Any
apparatus for making distant objects visible by the aid of electric
transmission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*me*chan"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>mechanic</i>.] <def>Designating, or pert.
to, any device for operating mechanisms at a distance.</def> --
<wf>Tel`e*mech"a*nism</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 2017 !></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*me`te*or"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>meteorograph</i>.] <def>Any apparatus
recording meteorological phenomena at a distance from the measuring
apparatus, as by electricity or by compressed air; esp., an apparatus
recording conditions at many distant stations at a central
office.</def> -- <wf>Tel`e*me`te*or*o*graph"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Te*lem"e*ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An apparatus for
recording at a distant station the indications of physical instruments
such as the thermometer, galvanometer, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*met"ro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <grk>me`tron</grk> measure + <i>-graph</i>.]
<def>A combination of the camera lucida and telescope for drawing and
measuring distant objects.</def> -- <wf>Tel`e*me*trog"ra*phy</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Tel`e*met`ro*graph"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>motor</i>.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A hydraulic
device by which the movement of the wheel on the bridge operates the
steering gear at the stern.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel*en"er*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>energy</i>.] <def>Display of force or energy
at a distance, or without contact; -- applied to mediumistic
phenomena.</def> -- <wf>Tel`en*er"gic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Te*len"gi*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + &?; near + <i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Optics)</i>
<def>An instrument of such focal length that it may be used as an
observing telescope for objects close at hand or as a long-focused
microscope.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*phone ex*change"</hw>. <def>A central office in which the
wires of telephones may be connected to permit conversation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*phote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <grk>fw^s</grk>, <grk>fwto`s</grk>, light.]
<def>A telelectric apparatus for producing images of visible objects
at a distance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*pho"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Telephotographic; specif., designating a lens consisting of a
combination of lenses specially designed to give a large image of a
distant object in a camera of relatively short focal length.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*pho"to*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>photograph</i>.] <def>A photograph, image,
or impression, reproduced by or taken with a telephotographic
apparatus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*pho`to*graph"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<def>Designating, or pertaining to, the process of
telephotography.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*pho*tog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The photography of distant objects in more
enlarged form than is possible by the ordinary means, usually by a
camera provided with a telephoto lens or mounted in place of the
eyepiece of a telescope, so that the real or a magnified image falls
on the sensitive plate.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Art or process of electrically
transmitting and reproducing photographic or other pictures at a
distance by methods similar to those used in electric
telegraphy.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Less properly, phototelegraphy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*scope</hw> (t&ebreve;l"&esl;*sk&omacr;p),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Capable of being extended or compacted, like
a telescope, by the sliding of joints or parts one within the other;
telescopic; as, a <i>telescope</i> bag; <i>telescope</i> table,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Telescope bag</hw>. <def>An adjustable traveling bag consisting
of two cases, the larger slipping over the other.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*scop"ic sight`</hw>. <def>A sight consisting of a small
telescope, as on a compass or rifle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*seism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + &?; shock.] <def>A seismic movement or shock
far from the  recording instrument.</def> -- <wf>Tel`e*seis"mic</wf>
(#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tel"e*seme</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>th^le</grk>
far + &?; sign.] <def>A system of apparatus for electric signals
providing for automatic transmission of a definite number of different
signals or calls, as in connection with hotel annunciators.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*ste"re*o*graph`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>stereograph</i>.] <def>An instrument for
telegraphically reproducing a photograph.</def> --
<wf>Tel`e*ste`re*og"ra*phy</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tel`e*ther"mo*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>thermo-</i> + <i>-graph</i>.]
<i>(Physics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A record of fluctuations of
temperature made automatically at a distant station.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An instrument, usually electrical, making
such records.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"ford</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [After Thomas
<i>Telford</i>, a Scotch road engineer.] <def>Designating, or pert.
to, a road pavement having a surface of small stone rolled hard and
smooth, distinguished from macadam road by its firm foundation of
large stones with fragments of stone wedged tightly, in the
interstices; as, <i>telford</i> pavement, road, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"ford*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &
p. p.</i></pos> <u>Telfordized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Telfordizing</u> (?).] <def>To furnish (a road) with a
telford pavement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`har*mon"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to telharmonium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel`har*mo"ni*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>th^le</grk> far + <i>harmolium</i>.] <def>An instrument for
producing music (<hw>Tel*har"mo*ny</hw> [&?;]), at a distant point or
points by means of alternating currents of electricity controlled by
an operator who plays on a keyboard. The music is produced by a
receiving instrument similar or analogous to the telephone, but not
held to the ear. The pitch corresponds with frequency of alternation
of current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tell"tale`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
thing that serves to disclose something or give information; a hint or
indication.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>It supplies many useful links and
<i>telltales</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Saintsbury.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>An arrangement
consisting of long strips, as of rope, wire, or leather, hanging from
a bar over railroad tracks, in such a position as to warn freight
brakemen of their approach to a low overhead bridge.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"pher</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Specif., the equipment or apparatus used in a system of electric
transportation by means of carriages which are suspended on an
overhead conductor, as of wire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tel"pher*age</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Specif., electric transportation of goods by means of carriages
suspended on overhead conductors, as of wire, the power being conveyed
to the motor carriage by the wires on which it runs. <i>Telpherage</i>
and <i>telpher</i> are sometimes applied to such systems in which the
motive power is not electricity.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tem*blor"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>An
earthquake.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>||Tem"pe*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It.]
<i>(Paint.)</i> <def>A mode or process of painting;
distemper.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"per*a*ture</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physiol. &
Med.)</i> <def>The degree of heat of the body of a living being, esp.
of the human body; also (Colloq.), loosely, the excess of this over
the  normal (of the human body 98&deg;-99.5&deg; F., in the mouth of
an adult about 98.4&deg;).</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"per screw</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A screw link, to
which is attached the rope of a rope-drilling apparatus, for feeding
and slightly turning the drill jar at each stroke.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A set screw used for adjusting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tem"ple</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mormon Ch.)</i> <def>A building dedicated to the administration of
ordinances.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A local organization of Odd
Fellows.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"der*foot`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Boy
scout</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten"der*loin`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A strip of tender flesh on either side of the vertebral column
under the short ribs, in beef or pork. It consists of the psoas
muscles.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>In New York City, the region which is the
center of the night life of fashionable amusement, including the
majority of the theaters, etc., centering on Broadway. The term orig.
designates the old twenty-ninth police precinct, in this region, which
afforded the police great opportunities for profit through conniving
at vice and lawbreaking, one captain being reported to have said on
being transferred there that whereas he had been eating chuck steak he
would now eat tenderlion. Hence, in some other cities, a district
largely devoted to night amusement, or, sometimes, to vice.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ten"dre</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Tender
feeling or fondness; affection.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>You poor friendless creatures are always having some
foolish <i>tendre</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ten*dresse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>Tender
feeling; fondness.</def> [Obs., except as a French word]</p>

<p><hw>||Ten*no"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Jap.
<i>tenn&omacr;</i>, fr. Chin. <i>t'ien</i> heaven + <i>wang</i> king.]
<def>Lit., King of Heaven; -- a title of the emperor of Japan as the
head of the Shinto religion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ten`ny*so"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to Alfred (Lord) Tennyson, the English poet (1809-92);
resembling, or having some of the characteristics of, his poetry, as
simplicity, pictorial quality, sensuousness, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ten`o*ni"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., Gr.
<grk>te`nwn</grk> tendon + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of a tendon.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ten`o*ni"tis</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Tenonian</u>, <u>-itis</u>.] <def>Inflammation of the Tenonian
capsule.</def></p>

<p><hw>Te*nor"rha*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr.
<grk>te`nwn</grk> tendon + <i>-rhaphy</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Suture
of a tendon.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ten`o*si"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
<grk>te`nwn</grk> tendon + <i>-itis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of a tendon.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ten`o*syn`o*vi"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr.
Gr. <grk>te`nwn</grk> tendon + <i>synovitis</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Inflammation of the synovial sheath of a tendon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"ek</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Because found on the
<i>Terek</i> River in the Caucasus.] <def>A sandpiper (<i>Terekia
cinerea</i>) of the Old World, breeding in the far north of eastern
Europe and Asia and migrating to South Africa and Australia. It
frequents rivers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Term day</hw>. <def>A day which is a term (as for payment of
rent), or is a day in a term, as of the sitting of a court; esp., one
of a series of special days, designated by scientists of different
nations or stations, for making synoptic magnetic, meteorological, or
other physical observations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Railroads)</i>
<def>Pertaining to a railroad terminal; connected with the receipt or
delivery of freight; as, <i>terminal</i> charges.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter"mi*nal</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Railroads)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The end of a line of railroad, with the
switches, stations, sheds, and other appliances pertaining
thereto.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any station for the delivery
or receipt of freight lying too far from the main line to be served by
mere <i>sidings</i>.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>A rate charged on
all freight, independent of the distance, and supposed to cover the
expenses of station service, as distinct from <i>mileage rate</i>,
generally proportionate to the distance and intended to cover movement
expenses; a terminal charge.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>A town
lying at the end of a railroad; -- more properly called a
<i>terminus</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Term insurance</hw>. <def>Insurance for a specified term
providing for no payment to the insured except upon losses during the
term, and becoming void upon its expiration.</def></p>

<p><hw>Term policy</hw>. <def>A policy of term insurance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ter"ra in*cog"ni*ta</hw> (?). [L.] <def>An unknown land;
unexplored country.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The enormous tracts lying outside China proper, still
almost <i>terr&aelig; incognit&aelig;</i>.</blockquote>  <i>A. R.
Colquhoun.</i></p>

<p><hw>Ter"rane</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Geog.)</i> <def>A
region or limited area considered with reference to some special
feature; as, the <i>terrane</i> of a river, that is, its drainage
basin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Terre"plein</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Civ. Engin.)</i>
<def>An embankment of earth with a broad level top, which is sometimes
excavated to form a continuation of an elevated canal across a
valley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter*rine"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See
<u>Tureen</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A dish or pan, originally of
earthenware, such as those in which  various dishes are cooked and
served; esp., an earthenware jar containing some table delicacy and
sold with its contents.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A kind of ragout formerly
cooked and served in the same dish; also, a dish consisting of several
meats braised together and served in a terrine.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A soup tureen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ter`ri*to"ri*al wa"ters</hw>. <i>(Internat. Law)</i> <def>The
waters under the territorial jurisdiction of a state; specif., the
belt (often called the <col><b>marine belt</b></col> or
<col><b>territorial sea</b></col>) of sea subject to such
jurisdiction, and subject only to the right of innocent passage by the
vessels of other states.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Perhaps it may be said without impropriety that a state
has theoretically the right to extend its <i>territorial waters</i>
from time to time at its will with the increased range of guns.
Whether it would in practice be judicious to do so . . . is a widely
different matter . . . . In any case the custom of regulating a line
three miles from land as defining the boundary of marginal
<i>territorial waters</i> is so far fixed that a state must be
supposed to accept it in absence of express notice.</blockquote>
<i>W. E. Hall.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Ter"ti*um quid</hw> (?). [L.] <def>A third somewhat;
something mediating, or regarded as being, between two diverse or
incompatible substances, natures, or positions.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tes"la coil</hw>, <hw>Tes"la trans*form"er</hw> } (?). [After
N. <i>Tesla</i>, American electrician.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A
transformer without iron, for high frequency alternating or
oscillating currents; an oscillation transformer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Teth"er-ball`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game played
with rackets and a ball suspended by a string from an upright pole,
the object of each side being to wrap the string around the pole by
striking the ball in a direction opposite to the other.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tet*raz"ine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>-in</hw>
}. [<i>Tetrazo-</i> + <i>-ine</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A hypothetical
compound, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>N<sub>4</sub> which  may be
regarded as benzene with four CH groups replaced by nitrogen atoms;
also, any of various derivatives of the same. There are three isomeric
varieties.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet*raz"ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Tetrazo-</i> +
<i>-ole</i>.] <i>(Org. Chem.)</i> <def>A crystalline acid substance,
CH<sub>2</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, which may be regarded as pyrrol in which
nitrogen atoms replace three CH groups; also, any of various
derivatives of the same.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tet"rose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Tetra-</i> + <i>-
ose</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A monosaccharide derived from a certain
alcohol.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tex"as Leagu"er</hw> (?). [From the Texas (baseball) League.]
<i>(Baseball)</i> <def>A short fly that falls too far out to be
handled by an infielder and too close in to be caught by an
outfielder.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Text hand</hw>. <def>A large hand in writing; -- so called
because it was the practice to write the text of a book in a large
hand and the notes in a smaller hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Thal*loph"y*ta</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Thallophyte</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A phylum of plants of very
diverse habit and structure, including the alg&aelig;, fungi, and
lichens. The simpler forms, as many blue-green alg&aelig;, yeasts,
etc., are unicellular and reproduce vegetatively or  by means of
asexual spores; in the higher forms the plant body is a
<i>thallus</i>, which may be filamentous or may consist of plates of
cells; it is commonly undifferentiated into stem, leaves, and roots,
and shows no distinct tissue systems; the fronds of many alg&aelig;,
however, are modified to serve many of the functions of the above-
named organs. Both asexual and sexual reproduction, often of a complex
type, occur in these forms. The Thallophyta exist almost exclusively
as gametophytes, the sporophyte being absent or rudimentary. By those
who do not separate the Myxophyta from the Tallophyta as a distinct
phylum the latter is treated as the lowermost group in the vegetable
kingdom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thal"lo*phyte</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; young
shoot + <i>-phyte</i>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A plant belonging to the
Thallophyta.</def> -- <wf>Thal`lo*phyt"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Thal"weg`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr. <i>thal</i>
valley + <i>weg</i> way. See <u>Dale</u>; <u>Way</u>.]
<i>(Physiography)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A line following the
lowest part of a valley, whether under water or not.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The line of continuous maximum descent from
any point on a land surface, or that cutting all contours and
angles.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tha"na</hw> (t&auml;"n&auml;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Written also <i>tana</i>, <i>tanna</i>.] [Hind.
<i>th&amacr;n&amacr;</i>.] <def>A police station.</def> [India]
<i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>The"ism</hw> (th&emacr;"&ibreve;z'm), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.
& E. <i>thea</i> tea + <i>-ism</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The morbid
condition resulting from the excessive use of tea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther*man"ti*dote</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;  heat
+ E. <i>antidote</i>.] <def>A device for circulating and cooling the
air, consisting essentially of a kind of roasting fan fitted in a
window and incased in wet tatties.</def> [India]</p>

<p><blockquote>Will you bring me to book on the mountains, or where
the <i>thermantidotes</i> play?</blockquote>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ther`mo*an`&aelig;s*the"si*a</hw> or <hw>-an`es*the"si*a</hw>
} (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Loss of power to
distinguish heat or cold by touch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*bar"o*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument for recording simultaneously the
pressure and temperature of a gas; a combined thermograph and
barograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*ba*rom"e*ter</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A siphon
barometer adapted to be used also as a thermometer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*chro"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Thermo-</i>
+ Gr. &?;, &?;, color.] <def>Pert. to or designating heat rays that
have undergone selective absorption and are therefore analogous to
colored light rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*cou`ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
thermoelectric couple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*cur`rent</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>A current developed or set in motion by heat;
specif., an electric current, in a heterogeneous circuit, due to
differences of temperature between the junctions of the substances of
which the circuit is composed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr. Gr. &?;
heat.] <i>(Pharm.)</i> <def>A white crystalline substance derived from
urethane, used in medicine as an antipyretic, etc.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ther`mo*e*lec"tric couple</hw> or <hw>pair</hw> } (?).
<i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A union of two conductors, as bars or wires of
dissimilar metals joined at their extremities, for producing a
thermoelectric current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*gram</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>The trace or record made by means of a thermograph.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther*mog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Thermo-</i>
+ <i>-graphy</i>.] <def>Any process of writing involving the use of
heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*junc"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>A junction of two dissimilar conductors used to produce a
thermoelectric current, as in one form of pyrometer; a
thermocouple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*lu`mi*nes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>Luminescence exhibited by a substance on being
moderately heated. It is shown esp. by certain substances that have
been exposed to the action of light or to the cathode rays.</def> --
<wf>-lu`mi*nes"cent</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><! p. 2018 !></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*lyt"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or
pertaining to thermolysis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*mo"tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A heat
engine; a hot-air engine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*neu*ro"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A neurosis caused by exposure
to heat.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A neurosis causing rise or
fall of a body's temperature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*neu*tral"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Neutrality as regards heat effects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*phil"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Thermo-</i>
+ Gr. &?; loving + <i>-ic</i>.] <def>Heat-loving; -- applied esp. to
certain bacteria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Thermo-</i> +
<i>phone</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A portable form of
telethermometer, using a telephone in connection with a differential
thermometer.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A telephone involving heat effects, as
changes in temperature (hence in length) due to pulsations of the line
current in a fine wire connected with the receiver
diaphragm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*phore</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Thermo-</i> +
Gr. &?; -bearing, fr. &?; to bear.] <def>An apparatus for conveying
heat, as a case containing material which retains its heat for a
considerable period.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*reg"u*la`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Physics)</i> <def>A device for the automatic regulation of
temperature; a thermostat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*si"phon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An
arrangement of siphon tubes for assisting circulation in a
liquid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*sta"ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Thermo-</i>
+ <i>stable</i> fixed.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Capable of being
heated to or somewhat above 55&deg; C. without loss of special
properties; -- said of immune substances, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*tac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or retaining to thermotaxis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther"mo*tank</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Thermo-</i> +
<i>ank</i>.] <def>A tank containing pipes through which circulates
steam, water, air, or the like, for heating or cooling; -- used in
some heating and ventilation systems.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*tax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; <i>thermo-
</i> + Gr. &?; an arranging.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The property possessed by protoplasm of moving under the
influence of heat.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Determination of the
direction of locomotion by heat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*ten"sile</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Pertaining
to the variation of tensile strength with the temperature.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther`mo*ther"a*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Thermo-
</i> + <i>therapy</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Treatment of disease by
heat, esp. by hot air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ther*mot"o*nus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.; <i>thermo-
</i> + <i>tonus</i>.] <i>(Plant Physiol.)</i> <def>A condition of
tonicity with respect to temperature.</def></p>

<p><hw>The"roid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>qh`r</grk>,
<grk>qhro`s</grk>, wild beast + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Resembling a beast in nature or habit; marked by animal
characteristics; as, <i>theroid</i> idiocy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thig`mo*tac"tic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Of or pertaining to thigmotaxis.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Thig`mo*tax"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr.
&?; touch + &?; an arranging.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>The property
possessed by living protoplasm of contracting, and thus moving, when
touched by a solid or fluid substance.</def></p>

<p>&fist; When the movement is away from the touching body, it is
<i>negative thigmotaxis</i>; when towards it, <i>positive
thigmotaxis</i>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>Thing</hw>, <hw>||Ting</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Dan. <i>thing</i>, <i>ting</i>, Norw. <i>ting</i>, or Sw.
<i>ting</i>.] <def>In Scandinavian countries, a legislative or
judicial assembly; -- used, esp. in composition, in titles of such
bodies. See <u>Legislature</u>, <i>Norway</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Think</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of thinking; a
thought.</def> [Obs. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Third rail</hw>. <i>(Electric Railways)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The third rail used in the third-rail system.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An electric railway using such a rail.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Third-rail system</hw>. <i>(Electric Railways)</i> <def>A
system in which a third rail is used for carrying the current for
operating the motors, the rail being insulated from the ground and the
current being taken off by means of contact brushes or other
devices.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Thom"as phos"phate</hw> or <hw>slag</hw>  }. <def>Same as
<u>Basic slag</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thom"as proc"ess</hw> (?). <i>(Iron Metal.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Basic process</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thomson process</hw>. [After Elihu <i>Thomson</i>, American
inventor.] <def>A process of electric welding in which heat is
developed by a large current passing through the metal.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thought transference</hw>. <def>Telepathy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-col`or</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating, or
pert. to, a photomechanical process employing printings in three
colors, as red, yellow, and blue.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-mile`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to three miles; as, the three-mile limit, or the limit of the marine
belt (the <col><b>three-mile</b></col> <col><b>belt or zone</b></col>)
of three miles included in territorial waters (which see) of a
state.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-port`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having three
ports; specif.: Designating a type of two-cycle internal-combustion
engine in which the mixture enters the crank case through a port
uncovered by the piston near the end of its stroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Three"-torque` system of control</hw>.
<i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>Any system of rudders by which the
pilot can exert a turning moment about each of the three rectangular
axes of an a&euml;roplane or airship.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throm"bin</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Thrombus</u>.]
<i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>The fibrin ferment which produces the
formation of fibrin from fibrinogen.</def></p>

<p><hw>Throw</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> -- <col><b>To throw
back</b></col>, <cd>to revert to an ancestral type or character.</cd>
"A large proportion of the steerage passengers <i>throw back</i> to
their Darwinian ancestry." <i>The Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Throw"ing stick`</hw>. <i>(Anthropol.)</i> <def>An instrument
used by various savage races for throwing a spear; -- called also
<i>throw stick</i> and <i>spear thrower</i>. One end of the stick
receives the butt of the spear, as upon a hook or thong, and the other
end is grasped with the hand, which also holds the spear, toward the
middle, above it with the finger and thumb, the effect being to bring
the place of support nearer the center of the spear, and practically
lengthen the arm in the act of throwing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Thud</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i. &amp; t.</i></pos> <def>To make, or
strike so as to make, a dull sound, or thud.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Hardly the softest <i>thudding</i> of velvety
pads.</blockquote>  <i>A. C. Doyle.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>The waves break into spray, dash and rumble and
<i>thud</i> below your feet.</blockquote>  <i>H. F. Brown.</i></p>

<p><hw>Thug</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An assassin; a ruffian; a
rough.</def> "<i>Thugs</i> and midnight rounders."  <i>The
Century.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tick"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A telegraphic receiving
instrument that automatically prints off stock quotations
(<i><col><b>stock ticker</b></col></i>) and other news on a paper
ribbon or "tape."</def></p>

<p><hw>Tid"dle*dy*winks`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A game in
which the object is to snap small disks of bone, ivory, or the like,
from a flat surface, as of a table, into a small cup or basket; --
called also <i>tiddlywinks</i>.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tid"dly*winks`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Tiddledywinks</u>.</def>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tide"land</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Land that is
overflowed by tide water; hence, land near the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ti*en"da</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., prop., tent,
awning.] <def>In Cuba, Mexico, etc., a booth, stall, or shop where
merchandise is sold.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tik"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind. <i>tikhur</i>.]
<def>A starch or arrow-root made from the tubes of an East Indian
zinziberaceous plant (<i>Curcuma angustifolia</i>); also, the plant
itself.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ti*kur"</hw>, <hw>Ti*koor"</hw> } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[Hind. <i>tik&?;r</i>.] <def>An East Indian tree (<i>Garcinia
pedunculata</i>) having a large yellow fleshy fruit with a pleasant
acid flavor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tile"seed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i>
<def>Any plant of the genus <i>Geissois</i>, having seeds overlapping
like tiles on a roof.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Til"i*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., linden. Cf.
<u>Teil</u>.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>A genus of trees, the lindens, the
type of the family <i>Tiliace&aelig;</i>, distinguished by the
winglike bract coalescent with the peduncle, and by the indehiscent
fruit having one or two seeds. There are about twenty species, natives
of temperate regions.  Many species are planted as ornamental shade
trees, and the tough fibrous inner bark is a valuable article of
commerce. Also, a plant of this genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Til*land"si*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., after
Prof. <i>Tillands</i>, of Abo, in Finland.] <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>An
immense genus of epiphytic bromeliaceous plants confined to tropical
and subtropical America. They usually bear a rosette of narrow
overlapping basal leaves, which often hold a considerable quantity of
water. The spicate or paniculate flowers have free perianth segments,
and are often subtended by colored bracts. Also, a plant of this
genus.</def></p>

<p><hw>Til seed</hw> (t&ibreve;l; t&emacr;l). <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The seed of sesame.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The seed of an
African asteraceous plant (<i>Guizotia abyssinica</i>), yielding a
bland fixed oil used in medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Til tree</hw> (t&ibreve;l; t&emacr;l). <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>Var. of <u>Teil tree</u>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An ill-
smelling lauraceous tree (<i>Ocotea f&oelig;tens</i>) of the Canary
Islands; -- sometimes disting. as <i>Canary Island til
tree</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tim`bale"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop., a
kettledrum; -- so named from the form of the mold used. Cf.
<u>Timbal</u>.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A seasoned preparation, as of
chicken, lobster, cheese, or fish, cooked in a drum-shaped mold; also,
a pastry case, usually small, filled with a cooked mixture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Time policy</hw>. <i>(Insurance)</i> <def>A policy limited to
become void at a specified time; -- often contrasted with <i>voyage
policy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tim"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Internal-combustion
Engines)</i> <def>In electric ignition, an adjustable device for
automatically timing the spark.</def></p>

<p><hw>Time signature</hw>. <i>(Music)</i> <def>A sign at the
beginning of a composition or movement, placed after the key
signature, to indicate its time or meter. Also called <i>rhythmical
signature</i>. It is in the form of a fraction, of which the
denominator indicates the kind of note taken as time unit for the
beat, and the numerator, the number of these to the measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tin`tin*nab"u*lum</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Tintinnabula</b></plw> (#). [L., a bell. See
<u>Tintinnabular</u>.] <def>A bell; also, a set or combination of
bells or metal plates used as a musical instrument or as a
toy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tint*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Tint</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An apparatus for the
determination of colors by comparison with arbitrary standards; a
colorimeter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip"ple</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. 3d <u>Tip</u>.]
<def>An apparatus by which loaded cars are emptied by tipping; also,
the place where such tipping is done.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip"ster</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [<i>Tip</i> a hint +
<i>-ster</i>.] <def>One who makes a practice of giving or selling
tips, or private hints or information, esp. for use in gambling upon
the probable outcome of events, as horse races.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tip"stock`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The detachable
or movable fore part of a gunstock, lying beneath the barrel or
barrels, and forming a hold for the left hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tirl</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Twirl</u>,
<u>Thirl</u>.] [Scot. &amp; Prov. Eng.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To quiver;
to vibrate; to veer about.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To make a ratting or clattering sound by
twirling or shaking; as, to <i>tirl</i> at the pin, or latch, of a
door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"tan crane</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A massive crane with an
overhanging counterbalanced arm carrying a traveler and lifting crab,
the whole supported by a carriage mounted on track rails. It is used
esp. for setting heavy masonry blocks for piers, breakwaters,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ti"ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Orig. uncert.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A tree of the southern United States
(<i>Cliftonia monophylla</i>) having glossy leaves and racemes of
fragrant white flowers succeeded by one-seeded drupes; -- called also
<i>black titi</i>, <i>buckwheat tree</i>, and
<i>ironwood</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Any related tree of the genus
<i>Cyrilla</i>, often disting. as <i>white titi</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tit"i*vate</hw>, <hw>Tit"ti*vate</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>v. t. &
i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>Titivated</u> (?);
<pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Titivating</u> (?).] [Formed from
an uncertain source, in imitation of words in <i>-ate</i> fr. L.]
<def>To dress or smarten up; to spruce.</def> --
<wf>Tit`i*va"tion</wf>, <wf>Tit`ti*va"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Both Humorous]</p>

<p><blockquote>"Come here, an' let me <i>titivate</i> you." He sat
down beside her, and submitted to be dusted.</blockquote>  <i>Quiller-
Couch.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tit"tup</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tittuped</u> (?) or <u>Tittupped</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Tittuping</u> or <u>Tittupping</u>.] [Written also
<i>titup</i>.] [Cf. <u>Teeter</u>.] <def>To behave or move in a lively
or restless manner, as an impatient horse; to caper; to prance; to
frisk.</def>  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tit"tup</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of tittuping;
lively, gay, or restless behavior or gait; a prance or caper.</def>
[Written also <i>titup</i>.]</p>

<p><hw>Tit"tup*py</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Given to
tittuping; gay; lively; prancing; also, shaky; unsteady.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tiv"o*li</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr.
<i>Tivoli</i> in Italy, a pleasure resort not far from Rome.] <def>A
game resembling bagatelle, played on a special oblong board or table
(<col><b>Tivoli</b></col> <col><b>board or table</b></col>), which has
a curved upper end, a set of numbered compartments at the lower end,
side alleys, and the surface studded with pins and sometimes furnished
with numbered depressions or cups.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tlin"kit</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>The Indians of
a seafaring group of tribes of southern Alaska comprising the
Koluschan stock. Previous to deterioration from contact with the
whites they were the foremost traders of the northwest. They built
substantial houses of cedar adorned with  totem poles, and were expert
stone carvers and copper workers. Slavery, the potlatch, and the use
of immense labrets were characteristic. Many now work in the salmon
industry.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"bie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Toby</u>.] <def>A
kind of inferior cigar of a long slender shape, tapered at one
end.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>To"by</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
bies</b></plw> (#). [Perh. from the proper name.] <def>A small jug,
pitcher, or mug, generally used for ale, shaped somewhat like a stout
man, with a cocked hat forming the brim.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Toc`ca*tel"la</hw> (?), <hw>||Toc`ca*ti"na</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>} [It.] <i>(Music)</i> <def>A short or simple
toccata.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toe drop</hw>. <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A morbid condition of the
foot in which the toe is depressed and the heel elevated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toe hold</hw>. <i>(Wrestling)</i> <def>A hold in which the
agressor bends back his opponent's foot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Toff</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Etym. uncertain.] <def>A
fop; a beau; a swell.</def> [Slang, Eng.]  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tog</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos> <def>To put toggery,
or togs, on; to dress; -- usually with <i>out</i>, implying care,
elaborateness, or the like.</def> [Colloq. or Slang]  <i>Harper's
Weekly.</i></p>

<p><hw>Togs</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [See <u>Toggery</u>.]
<def>Clothes; garments; toggery.</def> [Colloq. or Slang]</p>

<p><hw>||To"hu*bo"hu</hw> (t&omacr;"h&oomac;-b&omacr;"h&oomac;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tohu-bohu</i>, fr. Heb. <i>toh&umacr; wa
boh&umacr;</i> without form and void (<i>Gen. i. 2</i>).] <def>Chaos;
confusion.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Was ever such a <i>tohubohu</i> of people as there
assembles?</blockquote>  <i>Thuckeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Toi`son"</hw> (tw&adot;`z&ocirc;n"), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[F.] <def>A sheep's fleece.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Toi`son" d'or"</hw> (d&osl;r"). [F.] <def>Lit., the golden
fleece; specif., the order of the Golden Fleece, or its
jewel.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"ken</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>In a
Jacquard loom, a colored signal to show the weaver which shuttle to
use.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tol"er*ance</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Forestry)</i> <def>Capability of growth in more or less
shade.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Allowed amount of variation from the
standard or from  exact conformity to the specified dimensions,
weight, etc., as in various mechanical operations;</def> specif.:
<i>(Coinage)</i> <def>The amount which coins, either singly or in
lots, are legally allowed to vary above or below the standard of
weight or fineness.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tol*stoy"an</hw>, <hw>Tol*stoi"an</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining to Tolstoy (1828-
1910).</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A follower of Tolstoy, who
advocates and practices manual labor, simplicity of living,
nonresistance, etc., holds that possession of wealth and ownership of
property are sinful, and in religion rejects all teachings not coming
from Christ himself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
familiar contraction of <i>Thomas</i>, a proper name of a
man.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The male of certain animals; -- often used
adjectively or in composition; as, <i>tom</i> turkey, <i>tom</i>cat,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom and Jerry</hw>. <def>A hot sweetened drink of rum and water
spiced with cinnamon, cloves, etc., and beaten up with eggs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom"my At"kins</hw> (?). <def>Any white regular soldier of the
British army; also, such soldiers collectively; -- said to be
fictitious name inserted in the models given to soldiers to guide them
in filling out account blanks, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom o' Bed"lam</hw> (?). <def>Formerly, a wandering mendicant
discharged as incurable from Bethlehem Hospitel, Eng.; hence, a
wandering mendicant, either mad or feigning to be so; a madman; a
bedlamite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tom"tate</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Florida and West
Indian grunt (<i>Bathystoma, or H&aelig;mulon, rimator</i>); also, any
of various allied species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tone</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Quality, with respect to attendant feeling; the
more or less variable complex of emotion accompanying and
characterizing a sensation or a conceptual state; as, feeling
<i>tone</i>; color <i>tone</i>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Color quality proper; -- called also
<i>hue</i>. Also, a gradation of color, either a hue, or a tint or
shade.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>She was dressed in a soft cloth of a gray
<i>tone</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Sir G. Parker.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Plant Physiol.)</i> <def>The condition of
normal balance of a healthy plant in its relations to light, heat, and
moisture.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tong</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chinese <i>t'ang</i>,
lit., hall.] <def>In China, an association, secret society, or
organization of any kind; in the United States, usually, a secret
association of Chinese such as that of the highbinders.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Hind.
<i>t&amacr;ng&amacr;</i>, Skr. <i>tama&ndot;gaka</i>.] <def>A kind of
light two-wheeled vehicle, usually for four persons, drawn by ponies
or bullocks.</def> [India]</p>

<p><hw>Tongu"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>vb. n.</i></pos> <i>(Music)</i>
<def>Modification of tone for a rapid staccato effect by the
performer's tongue, in playing a wind instrument, as a flute. In
<i>single tonguing</i> only one kind of stroke is used, the tongue
articulating a rapid "t;" in <i>double tonguing</i>, two strokes, as
for "t" and "k," are alternated; in <i>triple tonguing</i>, "t, k, t,"
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton"ic</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Characterized by continuous muscular contraction; as,
<i>tonic</i> convulsions.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2019 !></p>

<p><hw>Ton mile</hw>. <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>A unit of measurement of
the freight transportation performed by a railroad during a given
period, usually a year, the total of which consists of the sum of the
products obtained by multiplying the aggregate weight of each shipment
in tons during the given period by the number of miles for which it is
carried.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton mileage</hw>. <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>Ton miles
collectively; esp., the total ton miles performed by a railroad in a
given period.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tonne</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A metric
ton.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ton`neau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Tonneaux</b></plw> (#). [F.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
France, a light-wheeled vehicle with square or rounded body and rear
entrance.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Automobiles)</i> <def>Orig., the after part
of the body with  entrance at the rear (as in vehicle in def. 1); now,
one with sides closing in the seat or seats and entered by a door
usually at the side, also, the entire body of an automobile having
such an after part.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>= <u>Tonne</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ton*tine" in*su"rance</hw>. <i>(Life Insurance)</i>
<def>Insurance in which the benefits of the insurance are distributed
upon the tontine principle. Under the old, or <col><b>full
tontine</b></col>, plan, all benefits were forfeited on lapsed
policies, on the policies of those who died within the tontine period
only the face of the policy was paid without any share of the surplus,
and the survivor at the end of the tontine period received the entire
surplus. This plan of tontine insurance has been replaced in the
United States by the <col><b>semitontine</b></col> plan, in which the
surplus is divided among the holders of policies in force at the
termination of the tontine period, but the reverse for the paid-up
value is paid on lapsed policies, and on the policies of those that
have died the face is paid. Other modified forms are called <i>free
tontine</i>, <i>deferred dividend</i>, etc., according to the nature
of the tontine arrangement.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tool</hw> (t&oomac;l), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Tool</u>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>, 2.] <def>To travel in a vehicle;
to ride or drive.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Boys on their bicycles <i>tooling</i> along the well-
kept roads.</blockquote>  <i>Illust. American.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tool steel</hw>. <def>Hard steel, usually crucible steel,
capable of being tempered so as to be suitable for tools.</def></p>

<p><hw>Too"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Tootled</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tootling</u> (?).] [Freq. of <i>toot</i>.] <def>To toot gently,
repeatedly, or continuously, on a wind instrument, as a flute; also,
to make a similar noise by any means.</def> "The <i>tootling</i>
robin."  <i>John Clare.</i></p>

<p><hw>Top</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A stroke on the top of the ball.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A forward spin given to the ball by hitting
it on or near the top.</def> -- <col><b>From top to toe</b></col>,
<cd>from head to foot; altogether.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Top</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Dyeing)</i> <def>To cover with another dye; as, to <i>top</i>
aniline black with methyl violet to prevent greening and
crocking.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To put a stiffening piece or back on (a
saw blade).</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>To arrange, as fruit, with the best on
top.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>To strike the top of, as a wall, with the
hind feet, in jumping, so as to gain new impetus; -- said of a
horse.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>5.</b></sn>  <def>To improve (domestic animals, esp. sheep)
by crossing certain individuals or breeds with other
superior.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>6.</b></sn>  <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To raise one end of, as a
yard, so that that end becomes higher than the other.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>7.</b></sn>  <def>To cut, break, or otherwise take off the
top of (a steel ingot) to remove unsound metal.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>8.</b></sn>  <i>(Golf)</i> <def>To strike (the ball) above
the center; also, to make (as a stroke) by hitting the ball in this
way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Golf)</i> <def>To strike a ball above the center.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>To rise at one end, as a
yard; -- usually with <i>up</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"pek</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Eskimo <i>tupek</i>.]
<def>An ESkimo house made of material other than snow, esp. one having
walls of turf, driftwood, rock, or skin, and a roof of skins of the
walrus or seal. In Alaska it is often partially underground and
covered with timber and turf. Topeks are also used by Indians of the
lower Yukon region.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top fermentation</hw>. <def>An alcoholic fermentation during
which the yeast cells are carried to the top of the fermening liquid.
It proceeds with some violence and requires a temperature of 14-
30&deg; C. (58-86&deg; F.). It is used in the production of ale,
porter, etc., and of wines high in alcohol, and in
distilling.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"pi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An antelope
(<i>Damaliscus corrigum jimela</i>) having a glossy purplish brown
coat. It is related to the blesbok and is native of British East
Africa. Also, any of various related varieties of other districts
south of the Sahara.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"o*nym</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A name of a
place; more broadly, a name, as in the binomial name of a plant, based
on, or derived from, a place name, or based on the location of the
thing named.</def></p>

<p><hw>To*pon"y*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A system of
toponyms; the use of toponyms.</def> -- <wf>To*pon"y*mal</wf> (#),
<wf>Top`o*nym"ic</wf> (#), <wf>Top`o*nym"ic*al</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Top"o*phone</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; place + Gr.
&?; sound.] <def>A double ear trumpet for estimating the direction
from which sounds proceed, esp. for the use of navigators.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top out</hw>. <i>(Building)</i> <def>To top off; to finish by
putting on a cap of top (uppermost) course (called a <col><b>top`ping-
out" course</b></col>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Top"per</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One that tops, in any sense of the verb;</def> specif.:
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A cover of a top layer or part.</def>
[Colloq.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>One that excels, surpasses, or is
extraordinary of its kind.</def> [Slang] <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Any
device for cutting off tops; as, a turnip <i>topper</i>.</def>
<sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>One who tops steel ingots.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>A three-square float (file) used by comb
makers.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A top hat.</def> [Slang or Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Tobacco left in the bottom of a pipe bowl;
-- so called from its being often taken out and placed on top of the
newly filled bowl. Also, a cigar stump.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Top"ping</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Angling)</i> <def>The
tail of an artificial fly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Top rake</hw>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The angle that the front
edge of the point of a tool is set back from the normal to the surface
being cut.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||To"rah</hw>, <hw>||To"ra</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
pl. <plw><b>Toroth</b></plw> (#). [Heb. <i>t&omacr;r&amacr;h</i>.]
<i>(Jewish Lit.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A law; a
precept.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A considerable body of priestly
<i>Toroth</i>.</blockquote>  <i>S. R. Driver.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Divine instruction; revelation.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Tora</i>, . . . before the time of Malachi, is
generally used of the revelations of God's will made through the
prophets.</blockquote>  <i>T. K. Cheyne.</i></p>

<p><sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The Pentateuch or "Law of
Moses."</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Hebrew Bible is divided into three parts: (1) The
<i>Torah</i>, "Law," or Pentateuch. (2) The Prophets . . . (3) The
Kethubim, or the "Writings," generally termed
Hagiographa.</blockquote>  <i>C. H. H. Wright.</i></p>

<p>{ <hw>To"ran</hw> (?), <hw>||To"ra*na</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr. <i>t&omacr;ra&nsdot;a</i> an arch, a gate.]
<i>(Indian Arch.)</i> <def>A gateway, commonly of wood, but sometimes
of stone, consisting of two upright pillars carrying one to three
transverse lintels. It is often minutely carved with symbolic
sculpture, and serves as a monumental approach to a Buddhist
temple.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"chon pa"per</hw> (?). [F. <i>papier torchon</i>.]
<def>Paper with a rough surface; esp., handmade paper of great
hardness for the use of painters in water colors.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torch race</hw>. <def>A race by men carrying torches, as in
ancient Greece.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor*pe"do</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An automobile with a
torpedo body.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Tor*pe"do-boat` de*stroy"er</hw>. <def>A larger, swifter, and
more powerful armed type of torpedo boat, originally intended
principally for the destruction of torpedo boats, but later used also
as a more formidable torpedo boat.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor*pe"do body</hw>. <def>An automobile body which is built so
that the side surfaces are flush.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Tor*pe"do boom</hw>. <def>A spar formerly carried by men-of-
war, having a torpedo on its end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor*pe"do catch"er</hw>. <def>A small fast vessel for pursuing
and destroying torpedo boats.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor*pe"do*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Nav.)</i> <def>One
skilled in the theory or use of torpedoes; also, one who favors the
use of torpedoes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torpedo shell</hw>. <i>(Ordnance)</i> <def>A shell longer than
a deck-piercing shell, with thinner walls and a larger cavity for the
bursting charge, which consists of about 130 pounds of high explosive.
It has no soft cap, and is intended to effect its damage by the
powerful explosion which follows on slight resistance. It is used
chiefly in 12-inch mortars.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torpedo station</hw>. <def>A headquarters for torpedo vessels
and their supplies, usually having facilities for repairs and for
instruction and experiments. The principal torpedo station of the
United States is at Newport, R.I.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torpedo stern</hw>. <def>A broad stern without overhang,
flattened on the bottom, used in some torpedo and fast power boats. It
prevents settling in the water at high speed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torpedo tube</hw>. <i>(Nav.)</i> <def>A tube fixed below or
near the water line through which a torpedo is fired, usually by a
small charge of gunpowder. On torpedo vessels the tubes are on deck
and usually in broadside, on larger vessels usually submerged in
broadside and fitted with a movable shield which is pushed out from
the vessel's side to protect the torpedo until clear, but formerly
sometimes in the bow. In submarine torpedo boats they are in the
bow.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"pid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Torpid</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] [Slang, Oxford University, Eng.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An inferior racing boat, or one who rows in
such a boat.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>pl.</i> <def>The Lenten rowing
races.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor"rens sys`tem</hw> (?). <def>A system of registration of
titles to land (as distinct from registration of deeds) introduced
into South Australia by the Real Property (or Torrens) Act (act 15 of
1857-58), drafted by Sir Robert Torrens (1814-84). Its essential
feature is the guaranty by the government of properly registered
titles. The system has been generally adopted in Australia and British
Columbia, and in its original or a modified form in some other
countries, including some States of the United States. Hence
<col><b>Torrens title</b></col>, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tor*sade"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A twisted
cord; also, a molded or worked ornament of similar form.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The crown decked with <i>torsades</i> of
pearls.</blockquote>  <i>Harper's Mag.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tor"sion e*lec*trom"e*ter</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A torsion
balance used for measuring electric attraction or repulsion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torsion galvanometer</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A galvanometer
in which current is measured by torsion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torsion head</hw>. <def>That part of a torsion balance from
which the wire or filament is suspended.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torsion indicator</hw>. <def>An autographic torsion
meter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Torsion meter</hw>. <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>An instrument for
determining the torque on a shaft, and hence the horse power of an
engine, esp. of a marine engine of high power, by measuring the amount
of twist of a given length of the shaft. Called also
<i>torsimeter</i>, <i>torsiometer</i>, <i>torsometer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tot</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Lit., so much; --
a term used in the English exchequer to indicate that a debt was good
or collectible for the amount specified, and often written opposite
the item.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tot</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Totted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Totting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To mark with the word "tot";
as, a <i>totted</i> debt. See <u>Tot</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  [Cf. <u>Total</u>.] <def>To add; to count; to
make up the  sum of; to total; -- often with <i>up</i>.</def>
[Colloq., Eng.]</p>

<p><blockquote>The last two <i>tot</i> up the bill.</blockquote>
<i>Thackeray.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"tal</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Totaled</u> (?) or <u>Totalled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &
vb. n.</i></pos> <u>Totaling</u> or <u>Totalling</u>.] <def>To bring
to a total; to add; also, to reach as a total; to amount to.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>To"tal*is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Total</u>,
<pos><i>a.</i></pos>] <def>The total.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>I look on nothing but <i>totalis</i>.</blockquote>
<i>B. Jonson.</i></p>

<p><hw>To"tal*i*sa`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Totalizator</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>To`tal*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of
totalizing, or state of being totalized.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"tal*i*za`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From
<u>Totalize</u>: cf. F. <i>totalisateur</i>.] <def>A machine for
registering and indicating the number and nature of bets made on horse
races, as in Australia and South Africa. Called also
<i>totalizer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"tal*ize</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To use a
totalizator.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"tal*i`zer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Same as
<u>Totalizator</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>To"ta*ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Maori.] <def>A
coniferous tree (<i>Podocarpus totara</i>), next to the kauri the most
valuable timber tree of New Zeland. Its hard reddish wood is used for
furniture and building, esp. in wharves, bridges, etc. Also
<i>mahogany pine</i>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>To"tem pole</hw> or <hw>post</hw> }. <def>A pole or pillar,
carved and  painted with a series of totemic symbols, set up  before
the house of certain Indian tribes of the northwest coast of North
America, esp. Indians of the Koluschan stock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Touch</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
compare with; of be equal to; -- usually with a negative; as, he held
that for good cheer nothing could <i>touch</i> an open fire.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To induce to give or lend; to borrow from;
as, to <i>touch</i> one for a loan; hence, to steal from.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Touch</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Change
Ringing)</i> <def>A set of changes less than the total possible on
seven bells, that is, less than 5,040.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An act of borrowing or stealing.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Tallow; -- a plumber's term.</def>
[Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tour"ing car</hw>. <def>An automobile designed for touring;
specif., a roomy car, not a limousine, for five or more
passengers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tou"sy</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See <u>Touse</u>,
<pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos>] <def>Tousled; tangled; rough; shaggy.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tout</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Prob. fr. F. <i>tout</i>
all.] <def>In the game of solo, a proposal to win all eight
tricks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tout</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Touted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Touting</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To look narrowly; spy.</def>
[Scot. &amp; Dial. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Horse Racing)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>To spy out the movements of race horses at their trials, or to
get by stealth or other improper means the secrets of the stable, for
betting purposes.</def> [Cant, Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To act
as a tout; to tout, or  give a tip on, a race horse.</def> [Cant, U.
S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tout</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Horse Racing)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To spy out information about, as a racing
stable or horse.</def> [Cant, Eng.] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To give a
tip on (a race horse) to a better with the  expectation of sharing in
the latter's winnings.</def> [Cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tout</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>One who
gives a tip on a race horses for an expected compensation, esp. in
hopes of a share in any winnings; -- usually contemptuous.</def>
[Cant, U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One who solicits custom, as a runner for a
hotel, cab, gambling place.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A spy for a smuggler, thief, or the
like.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Tow"-head`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A low alluvial
island or shoal in a river.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Tox`al*bu"min</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Toxic</u>;
<u>Albumin</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>Any of a class of toxic
substances of protein nature; a toxin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tox`i*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>toxicum</i>
a poison: cf. <i>toxicatus</i> smeared with poison.]
<def>Poisoning.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tox*ic"i*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The quality or
state of being toxic or poisonous; poisonousness.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tox`i*co*gen"ic</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Toxic</u>, and <u>-genic</u>.] <i>(Physiol. &amp; Med.)</i>
<def>Producing toxic products; as, <i>toxicogenic</i> germs or
bacteria.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tox"oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Tox</i>in + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An altered form of a toxin,
possessing little or no toxic power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trace</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>A
connecting bar or rod, pivoted at each end to the end of another
piece, for  transmitting motion, esp. from one plane to another;
specif., such a piece in an organ-stop action to transmit motion from
the trundle to the lever actuating the stop slider.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trac"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A person engaged (esp. in the express or railway service) in
tracing, or searching out, missing articles, as packages or freight
cars.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An inquiry sent out (esp. in
transportation service) for a missing article, as a letter or an
express package.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tra"cer*y</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A tracing of lines; a
system of lines produced by, or as if by, tracing, esp. when
interweaving or  branching out in ornamental or graceful
figures.</def> "Knit with curious <i>tracery</i>."  <i>Burns.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Tra`che*i"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Trachea</u>; <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of the
trachea, or windpipe.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tra*cho"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
roughness, fr. &?; rough.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Granular conjunctivitis
due to a specific micrococcus.</def> -- <wf>Tra*chom"a*tous</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Track"age</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Railroads)</i>
<def>Lines of track, collectively; as, an extensive
<i>trackage</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Track"lay`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Railroads)</i>
<def>Any workman engaged in work involved in putting the track in
place.</def> [U. S. &amp; Canada] -- <wf>Track"lay`ing</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Track"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl. <plw><b>-
men</b></plw> (&?;). <i>(Railroads)</i> <def>One employed on work on
the track; specif., a trackwalker.</def></p>

<p><hw>Track"walk`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Railroads)</i>
<def>A person employed to walk over and inspect a section of
tracks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Track"way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any of two or
more narrow paths, of steel, smooth stone, or the like, laid in a
public roadway otherwise formed of an inferior pavement, as
cobblestones, to provide an easy way for wheels.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trac"tion*al</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or relating
to traction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Traction wheel</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
locomotive driving wheel which acts by friction adhesion to a smooth
track.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A smooth-rimmed friction wheel
for giving motion to an endless link belt or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tract"or</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An a&euml;roplane
flying machine having one or more tractor screws.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tractor screw</hw> or <hw>propeller</hw> }. <i>(Aviation)</i>
<def>A propeller screw placed in front of the supporting planes of an
a&euml;roplane instead of behind them, so that it exerts a pull
instead of a push. Hence, <col><b>Tractor monoplane</b></col>,
<col><b>Tractor biplane</b></col>, etc.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2020 !></p>

<p><hw>Trade name</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The name by which an article is called among traders, etc.; as,
tin spirits is a common <i>trade name</i> in the dyeing industry for
various solutions of tin salts.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An
invented or arbitrary adopted name given by a manufacturer or merchant
to an article to distinguish it as produced or sold by him.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The name or style under which a concern or
firm does business. This name becomes a part of the good will of a
business; it is not protected by the registration acts, but a
qualified common-law protection against its misuse exists, analogous
to that existing in the case of trade-marks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Traf"fic mile</hw>. <i>(Railroad Accounting)</i> <def>Any unit
of the total obtained by adding the passenger miles and ton miles in a
railroad's transportation for a given period; -- a term and practice
of restricted or erroneous usage.</def></p>

<p><blockquote><i>Traffic mile</i> is a term designed to furnish an
excuse for the  erroneous practice of adding together two things (ton
miles and passenger miles) which, being of different kinds, cannot
properly be added.</blockquote>  <i>Hadley.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trail"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A car coupled to, and
drawn by, a motor car in front of it; -- used esp. of such cars on
street railroads. Called also <i>trail car</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trail"ing edge</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>A following
edge. See <u>Advancing edge</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trail rope</hw>. <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Guide rope</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Train</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
heavy long sleigh used in Canada for the transportation of
merchandise, wood, and the like.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>The aggregation of men,
animals, and vehicles which accompany an army or one of its
subdivisions, and  transport its baggage, ammunition, supplies, and
reserve materials of all kinds.</def></p>

<p><hw>Train dispatcher</hw>. <def>An official who gives the orders on
a railroad as to the running of trains and their right of
way.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tram</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trammed</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Tramming</u>.] <def>To convey or transport on a tramway or on a
tram car.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tram</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To operate, or conduct
the business of, a tramway; to travel by tramway.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tram</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Trammel</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 6.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tra"ma</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L., woof.]
<i>(Bot.)</i> <def>The loosely woven substance which lines the
chambers within the gleba in certain <i>Gasteromycetes</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tram"mel wheel`</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A circular plate or a
cross, with two or more cross grooves intersecting at the center, used
on the end of a shaft to transmit motion to another shaft not in line
with the first.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tra`mon*ta"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. See
<u>Tramontane</u>.] <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A dry, cold, violent,
northerly wind of the Adriatic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tram"rail`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>An overhead rail forming a track on which a trolley runs to
convey a load, as in a shop.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tram"way`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A street railway or
interurban railway for local traffic, on which cable cars, or trolley
cars, etc., are used, in distinction from an extended railway line for
trains drawn by steam or electric locomotives.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*form"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Multiple
transformer</b></col>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <cd>A
transformer connected in multiple or in parallel with the primary
circuit.</cd> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <cd>A transformer with more than one
primary or more than one secondary coil.</cd> -- <col><b>Parallel
transformer</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>a transformer connected in
parallel.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trans*isth"mi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Extending
across an isthmus, as at Suez or Panama.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tran*si"tion zone</hw>. <i>(Biogeography)</i> <def>The zone
lying between the Boreal and Sonoran zones of North America. It
includes an eastern or humid subdivision and a western arid one of
corresponding temperature comprising the northern Great Plains and the
lower slopes of the mountains of the western United States and Mexico.
Called also <i>Neutral zone</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mis"sion dy`na*mom"e*ter</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A
dynamometer in which power is measured, without being absorbed or used
up, during transmission.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trans*mis"sion*ist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An adherent
of a theory, the <col><b>transmission theory</b></col>, that the brain
serves to "transmit," rather than to originate, conclusions, and hence
that consciousness may exist independently of the brain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trap shooting</hw>. <i>(Sport)</i> <def>Shooting at pigeons
liberated, or glass balls or clay pigeons sprung into the air, from a
trap.</def> -- <wf>Trap shooter</wf>.</p>

<p><hw>||Tra`vail"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F.
<i>travail</i>, a frame for confining a horse, or OF. <i>travail</i>
beam, and E. <i>trave</i>, n. Cf. <u>Travail</u>, <pos><i>v.
i.</i></pos>] <def>Same as <u>Travois</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trav"erse drill</hw>. <i>(Mach.)</i> <def>A machine tool for
drilling slots, in which the work or tool has a lateral motion back
and forth; also, a drilling machine in which the spindle holder can be
adjusted laterally.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tra`vois"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Travail</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A primitive vehicle, common
among the North American Indians, usually two trailing poles serving
as shafts and bearing a platform or net for a load.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>On the plains they will have horses dragging
<i>travoises</i>; dogs with <i>travoises</i>, women and children
loaded with impediments.</blockquote>  <i>Julian Ralph.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A logging sled.</def> [Northern U. S. &
Canada]</p>

<p><hw>Treas"ur*y stock</hw>. <i>(Finance)</i> <def>Issued stock of an
incorporated company held by the company itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tre*cen"tist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of
the trecento, or an imitator of its characteristics.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tre*cen"to</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> [It., three
hundred, abbr. for thirteen hundred.] <def>The fourteenth century,
when applied to Italian art, literature, etc. It marks the period of
Dante, Petrarch, and boccaccio in literature, and of Giotto in
painting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tree burial</hw>. <def>Disposal of the dead by placing the
corpse among the branches of a tree or in a hollow trunk, a practice
among many primitive peoples.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tree calf</hw>. <def>A bright brown polished calfskin binding
of  books, stained with a conventional treelike design.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tref</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Yiddish, fr. Heb.
<i>t&ebreve;r&emacr;ph&amacr;h</i> an animal torn by wild beasts.]
<def>Ceremonially unclean, according to the Jewish law; -- opposed to
<i>kosher</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trek</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Trekked</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Trekking</u>.] [Written also <i>treck</i>.] [D. <i>trekken</i>. See
<u>Track</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] [South Africa] <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To draw or haul a load, as oxen.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To travel, esp. by ox wagon; to go from
place to place; to migrate.</def> [Chiefly South Africa]</p>

<p><blockquote>One of the motives which induced the Boers of 1836 to
<i>trek</i> out of the Colony.</blockquote>  <i>James Bryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trek</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Written also <i>treck</i>.]
[D. Cf. <u>Track</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The act of trekking;
a drawing or a traveling; a journey; a migration.</def> [Chiefly South
Africa]</p>

<p><blockquote>To the north a <i>trek</i> was projected, and some
years later was nearly carried out, for the occupation of the
Mashonaland.</blockquote>  <i>James Bryce.</i></p>

<p><col><b>Great Trek</b></col>, <cd>the great emigration of Boers
from Cape Colony which began in 1836, and resulted in the founding of
the South African Republic and Orange Free State.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Trek"ker</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.] <def>One that
treks.</def> [Written also <i>trecker</i>.] [South Africa]  <i>James
Bryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Trek*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf.
<u>Trechometer</u>.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A field range finger used in
the British service.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trem"bler</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Any of certain West Indian birds of the genera
<i>Cinclocerthia</i> and <i>Rhamphocinclus</i>, of the family
Mimid&aelig;.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The vibrating hammer, or
spring contact piece of a hammer break, as of the electric ignition
apparatus for an internal-combustion engine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trem"ie</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. <i>tr&eacute;mie</i>
hopper.] <i>(Hydraulic Engin.)</i> <def>An apparatus for depositing
and consolidating concrete under water, essentially a tube of wood or
sheet metal with a hooperlike top. It is usually handled by a
crane.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tren"nel</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Corrupt form of
<u>Treenail</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trente" et` qua`rante"</hw> (?). [F., lit., thirty and
forty.] <def>Same as <i>Rouge et noir</i>, under
<u>Rouge</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tres"-tine`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. L. <i>tris</i>,
<i>tres</i>, three, and E. <i>tyne</i>, <i>tine</i>, a prong.]
<def>The third tine above the base of a stag's antler; the royal
antler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"al bal`ance</hw>. <i>(Bookkeeping)</i> <def>The testing of
a ledger to discover whether the debits and credits balance, by
finding whether the sum of the personal credits increased by the
difference between the debit and credit sums in the merchandise and
other impersonal accounts equals the sum of personal debits. The
equality would not show that the items were all correctly
posted.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tri*bro`mo*phe"nol</hw> (?), <hw>Tri`brom*phe"nol</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A colorless crystalline
substance prepared by the reaction of carbolic acid with
bromine.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri`bu*nal"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>In
villages of the Philippine Islands, a kind of townhall. At the
tribunal the head men of the village met to transact business,
prisoners were confined, and troops and travelers were often
quartered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tric"kle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act or state
of trickling; also, that which trickles; a small stream;
drip.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Streams that . . . are short and rapid torrents after a
storm, but at other times dwindle to feeble <i>trickles</i> of
mud.</blockquote>  <i>James Bryce.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tri`ger proc"ess</hw> (?). [After M. <i>Triger</i>, French
engineer.] <i>(Engin. &amp; Mining)</i> <def>A method of sinking through
water-bearing ground, in which the shaft is lined with tubbing and
provided with an air lock, work being proceeded with under air
pressure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"gon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>The cutting region of the crown of an upper molar, usually the
anterior part. That of a lower molar is the <hw>Tri"go*nid</hw>
(&?;).</def></p>

<p><hw>Trig"o*no*dont`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See
<u>Trigon</u>; <u>Odonto</u>.] <def>See <u>Trituberculy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*hy"brid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>A hybrid whose parents differ by three pairs of contrasting
Mendelian characters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trim"mer</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Coal Storage)</i>
<def>An apparatus used for piling the coal in gradually increasing
piles made by building up at the point of the cone or top of the
prism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*no"mi*al</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Nat. Hist.)</i>
<def>Consisting of, or involving the use of, three terms; as, a
<i>trinomial</i> systematic name specifying the genus, species, and
variety.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"o*nal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-</i> +
sulph<i>onal</i>; -- so called because it contains three ethyls.]
<i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A compound similar to sulphonal, used as a
hypnotic in medicine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"ose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Tri-</i> + <i>-
ose</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A sugar derived from
a trihydric alcohol</def>. <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A
trisaccharide.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tri*pit"a*ka</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Skr.
<i>tripi&tsdot;aka</i>.] <def>The three divisions, or "baskets"
(<i>pitakas</i>), of buddhist scriptures, -- the Vinayapitaka [Skr.
<i>Vinayapi&tsdot;aka</i>] , or Basket of Discipline; Suttapitaka
[Pali] , or Basket of Discourses; and Abhidhammapitaka [Pali] , or
Basket of Metaphysics.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri"plex</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>Havingthree principal operative parts or motions, so as to
produce a three-fold effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri*sac"cha*ride</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>-
rid</hw>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A complex sugar, as raffinose, yielding
by hydrolysis three simple sugar molecules.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tris*kel"i*on</hw> (?), or <hw>Tris"kele</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; three-legged. See <u>Tri-</u>;
<u>Isosceles</u>.] <def>A figure composed of three branches, usually
curved, radiating from a center, as the figure composed of three human
legs, with bent knees, which has long been used as a badge or symbol
of Sicily and of the Isle of Man.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`tu*ber"cu*lar</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Having or designating teeth with three cusps
or tubercles; tricuspid.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Pertaining to
trituberculy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tri`tu*ber"cu*ly</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>tri-
</i> + L. <i>tuberculum</i> tubercle.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
theory of the development of mammalian molar teeth. The primitive
stage is that of simple cones, as in reptiles. The simple cone then
developed a smaller cone in front and another behind. Next, a
<i>cingulum</i> was developed, and the three cones became arranged in
a triangle, the two smaller cusps having moved to the outer side in
upper and to the inner in lower molars. This primitive triangle is
called the <i>trigon</i> or <i>trigonid</i> and this stage the
<i>tritubercular</i> or <i>trigonodont</i>. The trigon being a cutting
apparatus, an extension of the posterior part of the crown was
developed in lower molars for crushing, and a smaller corresponding
part appeared in upper molars. Another large cone then arose, usually
from the cingulum. In more complex forms, smaller intermediate cusps
appeared.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tro"cha</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., bypath,
crossroad.] <i>(Mil.)</i> <def>A line of fortifications, usually
rough, constructed to prevent the passage of an enemy across a
region.</def> [Sp. Amer.]</p>

<p><hw>Tro"i*lus butterfly</hw> (?). <def>A large American butterfly
(<i>Papilio troilus</i>). It is black, with yellow marginal spots on
the front wings, and blue on the rear.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trois` point"</hw> (?). [F. <i>trois</i> three.]
<i>(Backgammon)</i> <def>The third point from the outer edge on each
player's home table.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tro"jan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who shows the
pluck, endurance, determined energy, or the like, attributed to the
defenders of Troy; -- used chiefly or only in the phrase <i>like a
Trojan</i>; as, he endured the pain <i>like a Trojan</i>; he studies
<i>like a Trojan</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trol"ley car</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A motor car to which the
current is conveyed by means of a trolley.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trolley wire</hw>. <def>A heavy conducting wire on which the
trolley car runs and from which it receives the current.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troop</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See <u>Boy scout</u>,
above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Troop</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> -- <col><b>To troop
the</b></col> <col><b>colors or colours</b></col> <i>(Mil.)</i>,
<cd>in the British army, to perform a ceremony consisting essentially
in carrying the colors, accompanied by the band and escort, slowly
before the troops drawn up in single file and usually  in a hollow
square, as in London on the sovereign's birthday.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Troop"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A mounted
policeman.</def> [Australia] The <i>black troopers</i> of Queensland
are a regiment of aboriginal police, employed chiefly for dispersing
wild aborigines who encroach on sheep runs.</p>

<p><hw>Tro"pism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?; a turning, &?;
to turn + <i>-ism</i>.] <i>(Physiol.)</i> <def>Modification of the
direction of growth.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trop"po</hw> (?), <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> [It.] <i>(Mus.)</i>
<def>Too much; as, allegro ma non <i>troppo</i>, brisk but not too
much so.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trough</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>The
transverse section of a cyclonic area where the barometric pressure,
neither rising nor falling, has reached its lowest point.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trousse</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F. See <u>Truss</u>;
cf. <u>Trousseau</u>.] <def>A case for small implements; as, a
surgeon's <i>trousse</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trudg"en stroke</hw> (?). <i>(Swimming)</i> <def>A racing
stroke in which a double over-arm motion is used; -- so called from
its use by an amateur named Trudgen, but often erroneously written
<i>trudgeon</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>True</hw> (tr&oomac;), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>Genuine; real; not deviating from the essential characters of a
class; as, a lizard is a <i>true</i> reptile; a whale is a
<i>true</i>, but not a <i>typical</i>, mammal.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Trui`t&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [F., fr.
<i>truite</i> trout.] <def>Having a delicately crackled surface; --
applied to porcelian, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trunk engine</hw>. <def>An engine having a trunk piston, as
most internal combustion engines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trunk piston</hw>. <def>In a single-acting engine, an elongated
hollow piston, open at the end, in which the end of the connecting rod
is pivoted. The piston rod, crosshead and stuffing box are thus
dispensed with.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trunk steamer</hw>. <def>A freight steamer having a high hatch
coaming extending almost continuously fore and aft, but not of
whaleback form at the sides.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trust</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An
equitable right or interest in property distinct from the legal
ownership thereof; a use (as it existed before the Statute of Uses);
also, a property interest held by one person for the benefit of
another. Trusts are <i>active</i>, or <i>special</i>, <i>express</i>,
<i>implied</i>, <i>constructive</i>, etc. In a <col><b>passive
trust</b></col> the trustee simply has title to the trust property,
while its control and management are in the beneficiary.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A business organization or combination
consisting of a number of firms or corporations operating, and often
united, under an agreement creating a trust (in sense 1), esp. one
formed mainly for the purpose of regulating the  supply and price of
commodities, etc.; often, opprobriously, a combination formed for the
purpose of controlling or monopolizing a trade, industry, or business,
by doing acts in restraint or trade; as, a sugar <i>trust</i>. A trust
may take the form of a corporation or of a body of persons or
corporations acting together by mutual arrangement, as under a
contract or a so-called gentlemen's agreement. When it consists of
corporations it may be effected by putting a majority of their stock
either in the hands of a board of trustees (whence the name
<i>trust</i> for the combination) or by transferring a majority to a
holding company. The advantages of a trust are partly due to the
economies made possible in carrying on a large business, as well as
the doing away with competition. In the United States severe statutes
against trusts have been passed by the Federal government and in many
States, with elaborate statutory definitions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trust company</hw>. <def>Any corporation formed for the purpose
of acting as trustee. Such companies usually do more or less of a
banking business.</def></p>

<p><hw>Trus*tee" proc"ess</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>The process of
attachment by garnishment.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Trustee stock</hw>. <i>(Finance)</i> <def>High-grade stock in
which trust funds may be legally invested.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Try</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>In Rugby and Northern Union
football, a score (counting three points) made by grounding the ball
on or behind the opponent's goal line; -- so called because it
entitles the side making it to a place kick for a goal (counting two
points more if successful).</def></p>

<p><hw>Try cock</hw>. <def>A cock for withdrawing a small quantity of
liquid, as for testing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Try"out</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Sports)</i> <def>A
test by which the fitness of a player or contestant to remain in a
certain class is determined.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2021 !></p>

<p><hw>||Tsung"-li Ya"men</hw> (?). [Written also <i>Tsung-li-
Yamen</i> or <i>Tsungli Yamen</i>.] [Chin.] <def>The board or
department of foreign affairs in the Chinese government. See
<u>Yamen</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tsung" tu`</hw> (?). <def>A viceroy or governor-general, the
highest provincial official in China, with civil and military
authority over one or more provinces.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu`a*ta"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Maori
<i>tuat&agrave;ra</i>; <i>tua</i> on the farther side (the back) +
<i>tara</i> spine.] <def>A large iguanalike reptile (<i>Sphenodon
punctatum</i>) formerly common in New Zealand, but now confined to
certain islets near the coast. It reaches a length of two and a half
feet, is dark olive-green with small white or yellowish specks on the
sides, and has yellow spines along the back, except on the
neck.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tube</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec. Railways)</i>
<def>A tunnel for a tube railway; also (Colloq.), a tube
railway.</def> [Chiefly Eng.]</p>

<p><hw>Tu*ber"cu*lar*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>
[<pos><i>imp. &amp; p. p.</i></pos> <u>-ized</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>i-zing</u> (?).] [<i>Tubercular</i> + <i>-ize</i>.]
<i>(Med.)</i> <def>To infect with tuberculosis.</def> --
<wf>Tu*ber`cu*lar*i*za"tion</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Tu*ber"cu*lin test</hw> (?). <def>The hypodermic injection of
tuberculin, which has little or no effect with healthy cattle, but
causes a marked rise in temperature in tuberculous animals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*ber"cu*lo*ci`din</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
[<i>Tuberculum</i> + root of L. <i>caedere</i> to kill.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A special substance contained in tuberculin, supposed
to be the active agent of the latter freed from various
impurities.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*ber"cu*loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
[<i>Tuberculum</i> + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Resembling a
tubercle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*ber"cu*losed`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Affected with tuberculosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*ber"cu*lous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to, or affected with, a tuberculosis.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tuck"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. <u>Tuck</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 5.] <def>Daily food; meals; also, food in
general.</def> [Slang or Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Tobacco, matches, and <i>tucker</i>, the latter
comprising almost anything within the province of food.</blockquote>
<i>C. L. Money.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tuck pointing</hw>. <i>(Masonry)</i> <def>The finishing of
joints along the center lines with a narrow ridge of putty or fine
lime mortar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu`me*fa"cient</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tumefaciens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p. pr. of <i>tumefacere</i> to
tumefy; <i>tumere</i> to swell + <i>facere</i> to make.]
<def>Producing swelling; tumefying.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*mes"cence</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>tumescens</i>, <i>-entis</i>, p.pr. of <i>tumescere</i> to swell
up, v. incho. fr. <i>tumere</i> to swell.] <def>The act of becoming
tumid; the state of being swollen; intumescence.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu*mes"cent</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Slightly tumid;
swollen, as certain moss capsules.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tun"dra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.] <def>One of
the level or undulating treeless plains characteristic of northern
arctic regions in both hemispheres. The tundras mark the limit of
arborescent vegetation; they consist of black mucky soil with a
permanently frozen subsoil, but support a dense growth of mosses and
lichens, and dwarf herbs and shrubs, often showy-flowered.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tung"sten lamp</hw>. <def>An electric glow lamp having
filaments of metallic tungsten. Such lamps, owing to the refractory
nature of the metal, may be maintained at a very high temperature and
require an expenditure of only about 1.25 watts per candle
power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tungsten steel</hw>. <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A steel containing a
small amount of tungsten, noted for tenacity and hardness, even under
a considerable degree of heat. Magnets made of it are said to be
highly permanent. It often contains manganese.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tun"nel stern</hw>. <def>A design of motor-boat stern, for  use
in shallow waters, in which the propeller is housed in a tunnel and
does not extend below the greatest draft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"pi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Indian of the
tribe from which the Tupian stock takes its name, dwelling, at the
advent of the Portuguese, about the mouth of the Amazon. Also, their
language, which is the basis of the Indian trade language of the
Amazon.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tu"pi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating, or
pert. to, a linguistic stock of South American Indians comprising the
most important Brazilian tribes. Agriculture, pottery, and stone
working were practiced by them at the time of the conquest. The Tupi
and the Guarani were originally the most powerful of the stock, which
is hence also called <i>Tupi-Guaranian</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tuque</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Canadian F. See
<u>Toque</u>.] <def>A kind of warm cap winter wear, made from a knit
bag with closed tapered ends by pushing one end within the other, thus
making a conical cap of double thickness.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Picturesque fellow with <i>tuques</i>, red sashes, and
fur coats.</blockquote>  <i>F. Remington.</i></p>

<p><hw>Tur"bine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A form of steam
engine analogous in construction and action to the water turbine.
There are practically only two distinct kinds, and they are typified
in the de Laval and the Parsons and Curtis turbines. The <col><b>de
Laval turbine</b></col> is an impulse turbine, in which steam impinges
upon revolving blades from a flared nozzle. The flare of the nozzle
causes expansion of the steam, and hence changes its pressure energy
into kinetic energy. An enormous velocity (30,000 revolutions per
minute in the 5 H. P. size) is requisite for high efficiency, and the
machine has therefore to be geared down to be of practical use. Some
recent development of this type include turbines formed of several de
Laval elements compounded as in the ordinary expansion engine. The
<col><b>Parsons turbine</b></col> is an impulse-and-reaction turbine,
usually of the axial type. The steam is constrained to pass
successively through alternate rows of fixed and moving blades, being
expanded down to a condenser pressure of about 1 lb. per square inch
absolute. The <col><b>Curtis turbine</b></col> is somewhat simpler
than the Parsons, and consists of elements each of which has at least
two rows of moving blades and one row of stationary. The bucket
velocity is lowered by fractional velocity reduction. Both the Parsons
and Curtis turbines are suitable for driving dynamos and steamships
directly. In efficiency, lightness, and bulk for a given power, they
compare favorably with reciprocating engines.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur`bo*gen"er*a`tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Turbine</u>, and <u>Generator</u>.] <def>An electric generator or
dynamo which is combined on one frame with a turbomotor, by which it
is driven.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"key-trot`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An eccentric
ragtime dance, danced with the feet well apart and with a
characteristic rise on the ball of the foot, followed by a drop upon
the heel. The original form, owning to the positions assumed by the
dancers, is offensively suggestive. Similar dances are the
<col><b>bunny hug</b></col> and <col><b>grizzly bear</b></col>, so
called in allusion to the movements and the positions assumed by the
partners in dancing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turk"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A Turkish idiom or
expression; also, in general, a Turkish mode or custom.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur`ko-I*ra"ni*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>
<i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Designating, or pert. to, a mixed racial type
including the Afghans, and characterized chiefly by stature above
mean, fair complexion, dark, or sometimes gray, eyes, brachycephaly,
and very long, prominent, and moderately narrow nose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur`ko-I*ra"ni*an</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of
any race of the Turko-Iranian type.</def></p>

<p><hw>Turk's"-head`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A knot of turbanlike form  worked on a rope with a
piece of small line.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The melon
cactus.</def> [West Indies] <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any of several
species of <i>Echinocactus</i>.</def> [California]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A long-handled, round-headed broom for
sweeping ceilings, etc.</def> [Colloq. or Dial.]</p>

<p><hw>Turn</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To make a turn
about or around (something); to go or pass around by turning; as, to
<i>turn</i> a corner.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The ranges are not high or steep, and one can
<i>turn</i> a kopje instead of cutting or tunneling through
it.</blockquote>  <i>James Bryce.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To turn turtle</b></col>, <cd>to capsize bottom upward; --
said of a vessel.</cd> [Naut. slang] -- <col><b>To turn
under</b></col> <i>(Agric.)</i>, <cd>to put, as soil, manure, etc.,
underneath from the surface by plowing, digging, or the like.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Turn"down`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Capable of being turned down;</def> specif. <i>(Elec.)</i>,
<def>designating, or pertaining to, an incandescent lamp with a small
additional filament which can be made incandescent when only a small
amount of light is required.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Made to wear with the upper part turned
down; as, a <i>turndown</i> collar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"pen*tine State</hw>. <def>North Carolina; -- a nickname
alluding to its extensive production of turpentine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ret deck</hw>. <def>A narrow superstructure running from
stem to stern on the upper deck of a steam cargo vessel having a
rounded gunwale and sides curved inward convexly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"ret steam`er</hw>. <def>A whaleback steamer with a hatch
coaming, usually about seven feet high, extending almost continuously
fore and aft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"tle*back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <def>A rude stone celt of a form suggesting
the back of a turtle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A convex deck at the bow or
stern of a vessel, so made to shed the seas quickly.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tur"tle peg</hw>. <def>A sharp steel spear attached to a cord,
used in taking sea turtles.</def> -- <wf>Turtle pegging</wf>.</p>

<p>{ <hw>||Tusch"e</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>Tushe</hw>,
<hw>Tousche</hw>, etc. }[G. <i>tusche</i>, fr. F. <i>toucher</i> to
touch.] <def>A lithographic drawing or painting material of the same
nature as lithographic ink. It is also used as a resistant in the
biting-in process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tusk"er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
large wild boar.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tus"sah</hw> <hw>Tus"seh</hw> } (t&ubreve;s"s&adot;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>tussa</i>, <i>tussar</i>, <i>tusser</i>,
<i>tussur</i>, etc.] [Prob. fr. Hind. <i>tasar</i> a shuttle, Skr.
<i>tasara</i>, <i>trasara</i>.] <def>An undomesticated East Indian
silkworn (<i>Anther&aelig;a mylitta</i>), that feeds on the leaves of
the oak and other plants.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tus"sal</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [L. <i>tussis</i>
cough.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Pertaining to, or manifested by,
cough.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tus"sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>A cough.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tus"sive</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Pertaining to a cough; caused by coughing.</def></p>

<p><hw>Tut"ti-frut`ti</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It., lit., all
fruits.] <def>A confection of different kinds of preserved
fruits.</def> -- <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  <def>Flavored with, or
containing, various fruits.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Tu"um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.] <def>Lit., thine;
that which is thine; -- used in <i>meum and tuum</i>. See 2d
<u>Meum</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Tux*e"do coat`</hw>, or <hw>Tux*e"do</hw>  } (?),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of black coat for evening dress made
without skirts; -- so named after a fashionable country club at
<i>Tuxedo</i> Park, New York.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Twad"dell</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, <hw>Twad"dell's
hy*drom"e*ter</hw> (?) }. [After one <i>Twaddell</i>, its inventor.]
<def>A form of hydrometer for liquids heavier than water, graduated
with an arbitrary scale such that the readings when multiplied by .005
and added to unity give the specific gravity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Twee"dle*dum` and Twee"dle*dee`</hw> (?). <def>Two things
practically alike; -- a phrase coined by John Byrom (1692-1793) in his
satire "On the Feuds between Handel and Bononcini."</def></p>

<p><hw>Twist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act of imparting a turning or twisting motion, as to a pitched
ball; also, the motion thus imparted; as, the <i>twist</i> of a
billiard ball.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A strong individual tendency, or bent; a
marked inclination; a bias; -- often implying a peculiar or unusual
tendency; as, a <i>twist</i> toward fanaticism.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-cy`cle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Thermodynamics)</i>
<def>A two-stroke cycle for an internal-combustion engine.</def> --
<wf>Two"-cy`cle</wf>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Two"-name`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Banking)</i>
<def>Having or bearing two names; as, <col><b>two-name
paper</b></col>, that is, negotiable paper on which at least two
persons are severally liable as separate makers, or, usually, one as
maker and one as indorser.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Two"-phase`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>, <hw>Two"-
phas`er</hw> (&?;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>Same as
<u>Diphase</u>, <u>Diphaser</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-port`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having two ports;
specif.: Designating a type of two-cycle internal-combustion engine in
which the admission of the mixture to the crank case is through a
suction valve.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-speed`</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Adapted for
producing or for receiving either of two speeds; -- said of a power-
transmitting device.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-step`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of round
dance in march or polka time; also, a piece of music for this
dance.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Two"-throw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Capable of being thrown or cranked in two
directions, usually opposite to one another; as, a <i>two-throw</i>
crank; a <i>two-throw</i> switch.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Having two crank set near together and opposite to one another;
as, a <i>two-throw</i> crank shaft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-to-one"</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mach.)</i>
<def>Designating, or pert. to, a gear for reducing or increasing a
velocity ratio two to one.</def></p>

<p><hw>Two"-way`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Pipe Fitting)</i>
<def>Serving to connect at will one pipe or channel with either of two
others; as, a <i>two-way</i> cock.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"chism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>ty`chh</grk>
fortune, chance + <i>-ism</i>.] <def>Any theory which conceives chance
as an objective reality; esp., a theory of evolution which considers
that variation may be purely fortuitous.</def></p>

<p><hw>Typ"i*fy</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To embody the
essential or salient characteristics of; to be the type of; as, the
genus <i>Rosa</i> <i>typifies</i> the family <i>Rosace&aelig;</i>,
which in turn <i>typifies</i> the series <i>Rosales</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Typ"ist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A person who
operates a typewriting machine; a typewriter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty"po*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Type</i> + <i>-
graph</i>.] <def>A machine for setting type or for casting lines of
type and setting them.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ty`po*li*thog"ra*phy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;
type + <i>lithography</i>.] <def>A branch of lithography in which
impressions from printers' types are transferred to stone for
reproduction.</def> -- <wf>Ty`po*lith`o*graph"ic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><point26>U.</point26></p>

<p><hw>U"dal</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; a.</i></pos> <hw>U"dal*born`</hw>,
<hw>U"dal*er</hw>, <hw>U"dal*man</hw>, etc. <def>Vars. of <u>Odal</u>,
etc. Obs. exc. in Shetland and the Orkney Islands, where <i>udal</i>
designates land held in fee simple without any charter and free of any
feudal character.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Uit"land`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. Cf.
<u>Outlander</u>.] <def>A foreigner; an outlander.</def> [South
Africa]</p>

<p><hw>||U`le*ma"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Turk. &amp; Ar.
<i>'ulam&amacr;</i> the wise or learned men, pl. of <i>'&amacr;lim</i>
wise, learned.] <i>(Mohammedanism)</i> <def>A college or body composed
of the hierarchy (the imams, muftis, and cadis). That of Turkey alone
now has political power; its head is the sheik ul Islam.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"loid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Written also
<i>ouloid</i>.] [Gr. &?; scar + <i>-oid</i>.] <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Resembling a scar; scarlike.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ul`tra*gas"e*ous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>ultra
+ gaseous</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>Having the properties exhibited
by gases under very low pressures (one millionth of an atmosphere or
less). Matter under this condition, which has been termed <i>the
fourth state of matter</i>, is sometimes called <i>radiant
matter</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`as*sent"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not assented;
-- said specif. of stocks or bonds the holders of which refuse to
deposit them by way of assent to an agreement altering their status,
as in a readjustment.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"cle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An eldery man; -- used
chiefly as a kindly or familiar appellation, esp. (Southern U. S.) for
a worthy old negro; as, "<i>Uncle</i> Remus."</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>Plain old <i>uncle</i> as he [Socrates] was, with his
great ears, -- an immense talker.</blockquote>  <i>Emerson.</i></p>

<p><hw>Un*cut" vel"vet</hw>. <def>A fabric woven like velvet, but with
the loops of the warp threads uncut.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*cut`</hw> (?), <pos><i>p.a.</i></pos> <def>Cut away
below.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*ground` in*sur"ance</hw>. <def>Wildcat
insurance.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un"der*load start`er</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A motor starter
provided with an underload switch.</def></p>

<p><hw>Underload switch</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A switch which opens
a circuit when the current falls below a certain predetermined value,
used to protect certain types of motors from running at excessive
speed upon decrease of load.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*plant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Underplanted</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Underplanting</u>.] <def>To plant under;</def> specif.
<i>(Forestry)</i>, <def>to plant (young trees) under an existing
stand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`der*run"</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> -- <col><b>To
underrun a hose</b></col> <i>(Naut.)</i>, <cd>to lift it up at one
end, then walk along shifting one hand after another so that the water
will run out.</cd></p>

<p>{ <hw>Un"der*slung`</hw> (?), <hw>Un"der*hung"</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of an automobile body, suspended from the
springs in such a manner that the frame of the chassis is below the
axles, the object being to lower the center of gravity of the
car.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un`em*ploy"ment</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Quality or
state of being not employed; -- used esp. in economics, of the
condition of various social classes when temporarily thrown out of
employment, as those engaged for short periods, those whose trade is
decaying, and those least competent.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2022 !></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*va"ri*ant</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i>
<def>Having one degree of freedom or variability.</def></p>

<p><hw>U`ni*ver"si*ty ex*ten"sion</hw>. <def>The extension of the
advantages of university instruction by means of lectures and classes
at various centers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*list"ed</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
listed;</def> specif. <i>(New York Stock Exchange)</i>, <def>admitted
to quotation in the unlisted department, that is, admitted to be dealt
in on the floor, but not to the "regular list."</def></p>

<p><hw>Un*par"don*a*ble</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Not
admitting of pardon or forgiveness; inexcusable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"keep`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The act of keeping
up, or maintaining; maintenance.</def> "Horse artillery . . .
expensive in the <i>upkeep</i>."  <i>Scribner's Mag.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>Small outlays for repairs or <i>upkeep</i> of
buildings.</blockquote>  <i>A. R. Colquhoun.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"-o`ver</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Mining &amp; Civil
Eng.)</i> <def>Designating a method of shaft excavation by drifting to
a point below, and then raising instead of sinking.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"right`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Golf)</i>
<def>Designating a club in which the head is approximately at a right
angle with the shaft.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"right`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Basketwork)</i>
<def>A tool made from a flat strip of steel with chisel edges at both
ends, bent into horseshoe, the opening between the cutting edges being
adjustable, used for reducing splits to skeins. Called in full
<i>upright shave</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*set"</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Basketwork)</i>
<def>To turn upwards the outer ends of (stakes) so as to make a
foundation for the side of a basket or the like; also, to form (the
side) in this manner.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up*set"ting ther*mom"e*ter</hw>. <def>A thermometer by merely
inverting which the temperature may be registered. The column of
mercury is broken and, as it remains until the instrument is reset,
the reading may be made at leisure.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up"si*lon</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>'y^
psilo`n</grk> bare, mere, simple <i>y</i>.] <def>The 20th letter
(&UPSILON;, &upsilon;) of the Greek alphabet, a vowel having
originally the sound of &oomac; as in <i>room</i>, becoming before the
4th century <u>b. c.</u> that French <i>u</i> or Ger. <i>&uuml;.</i>
Its equivalent in English is <i>u</i> or <i>y</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Up`-to-date"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Extending to
the present time; having style, manners, knowledge, or other qualities
that are abreast of the times.</def> "A general <i>up-to-date</i>
style of presentment."  <i>Nature.</i></p>

<p><blockquote>I must prefer to translate the poet in a manner more
congenial if less <i>up-to-date</i>.</blockquote>  <i>Andrew
Lang.</i></p>

<p><hw>Up"-wind`</hw>, <pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>Against the
wind.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U*r&aelig;"us</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L.
<i>uraeus</i> pertaining to a tail, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; tail.] <i>(Egypt.
Arch&aelig;ol.)</i> <def>A serpent, or serpent's head and neck,
represented on the front of the headdresses of divinities and
sovereigns as an emblem of supreme power.</def></p>

<p><hw>U*reth"ane</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.
<i>ur&eacute;thane</i>. See <u>Urea</u>; <u>Ether</u>.] <i>(Org.
Chem.)</i> <def>A white crystalline substance,
NH<sub>2</sub>.COOC<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>, produced by the action
of ammonia on ethyl carbonate or by heating urea nitrate and ethyl
alcohol. It is used as a hypnotic, antipyretic, and antispasmodic.
Hence, any ester of carbamic acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>U"-shaped`</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having the form
of the letter <universbold>U</universbold>;</def> specif. <i>(Phys.
Geog.)</i>, <def>of valleys, resembling a broad
<universbold>U</universbold> in cross profile.</def></p>

<p><hw>||U`vu*li"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Uvula</u>, and <u>-itis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>Inflammation of
the uvula.</def></p>

<p><point26>V.</point26></p>

<p><hw>||Va*ca"tur</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., it is made
void, fr. L. <i>vacare</i> to be empty. See <u>Vacant</u>.]
<i>(Law)</i> <def>An order of court by which a proceeding is set aside
or annulled.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vac"cine point`</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>See <u>Point</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 26.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va`chette" clasp</hw> (?). [Cf. F. <i>vachette</i> cowhide
leather used for ligatures.] <i>(Veter.)</i> <def>A piece of strong
steel wire with the ends curved and pointed, used on toe or quarter
cracks to bind the edges together and prevent motion. It is clasped
into two notches, one on each side of the crack, burned into the wall
with a cautery iron.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vac`u*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Vacuum</i> +
<i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>An
instrument for the comparison of barometers.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An apparatus for the measurement of low pressures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vac"u*um clean"er</hw>. <def>A machine for cleaning carpets,
tapestry, upholstered work, etc., by suction.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val`or*i*za"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pg.
<i>valorizac&atilde;o</i>.] <def>Act or process of attempting to give
an arbitrary market value or price to a commodity by governmental
interference, as by maintaining a purchasing fund, making loans to
producers to enable them to hold their products, etc.; -- used chiefly
of such action by Brazil.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"ue</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>That property of a color by which it is
distinguished as bright or dark; luminosity.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>Degree of lightness as conditioned by the presence of white or
pale color, or their opposites.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Math.)</i> <def>Any particular quantitative
determination; as, a function's <i>value</i> for some special value of
its argument.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  [<i>pl.</i>] <def>The valuable ingredients to
be obtained by treatment from any mass or compound; specif., the
precious metals contained in rock, gravel, or the like; as, the vein
carries good <i>values</i>; the <i>values</i> on the hanging
walls.</def></p>

<p><hw>Val"ued pol"i*cy</hw>. <i>(Fire Insurance)</i> <def>A policy in
which the value of the goods, property, or interest insured is
specified; -- opposed to <i>open policy</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Valued-policy law</hw>. <i>(Fire Insurance)</i> <def>A law
requiring insurance companies to pay to the insured, in case of total
loss, the full amount of the insurance, regardless of the actual value
of the property at the time of the loss.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Valv"al</hw> (?), <hw>Valv"ar</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>Valvular.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*na"di*um bronze`</hw> (?). <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A yellow
pigment consisting of a compound of vanadium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van*dyke" beard`</hw>. <def>A trim, pointed beard, such as
those often seen in pictures by <i>Vandyke</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"i*ty box</hw>. <def>A small box, usually jeweled or of
precious metal and worn on a chain, containing a mirror, powder puff,
and other small toilet articles for a woman.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van"tage game</hw>. <i>(Lawn Tennis)</i> <def>The first game
after the set is deuce. See <u>Set</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
9.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vantage point</hw>. <def>A point giving advantage; vantage
ground.</def></p>

<p><hw>Van't Hoff's law</hw> (?). [After J.H. <i>van't Hoff</i>, Dutch
physical chemist.] <i>(Phys. Chem.)</i> <def>The generalization that:
when a system is in equilibrium, of the two opposed interactions the
endothermic is promoted by raising the temperature, the exothermic by
lowering it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"por gal"va*niz`ing</hw>. <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>A process for
coating metal (usually iron or steel) surfaces with zinc by exposing
them to the vapor of zinc instead of, as in ordinary galvanizing, to
molten zinc; -- called also <i>Sherardizing</i>. Vapor galvanizing is
accomplished by heating the articles to be galvanized together with
zinc dust in an air tight receptacle to a temperature of about
600&deg; F., which is 188&deg; below the melting point of zinc, or by
exposing the articles to vapor from molten zinc in a separate
receptacle, using hydrogen or other reducing gas to prevent
oxidation.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Vapor pressure</hw> or <hw>tension</hw>  }. <i>(Physics)</i>
<def>The pressure or tension of a confined body of vapor. The pressure
of a given saturated vapor is a function of the temperature only, and
may be measured by introducing a small quantity of the substance into
a barometer and noting the depression of the column of
mercury.</def></p>

<p><hw>Var*gue"no</hw> (v&auml;r*g&amacr;"n&omacr;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Said to be fr. <i>Vargas</i>, name of a village
in Spain.] <i>(Art)</i> <def>A decorative cabinet, of a form
originating in Spain, the body being rectangular and supported on legs
or an ornamental framework and the front opening downwards on hinges
to serve as a writing desk.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Var`i*cos"is</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Varix</u>, and <u>-osis</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>The formation of
varices; varicosity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Var`i*cot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Varix</u>; <u>-tomy</u>.] <i>(Surg.)</i> <def>Excision of a
varicosity.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*ri"e*ty</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Theaters)</i>
<def>Such entertainment as in given in variety shows; the production
of, or performance in, variety shows.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Variety show</hw>. <def>A stage entertainment of successive
separate performances, usually songs, dances, acrobatic feats,
dramatic sketches, exhibitions of trained animals, or any specialties.
Often loosely called <i>vaudeville show</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va"ri*ole</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>variole</i>
smallpox. See <u>Variola</u>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
foveola.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A spherule of a
variolite.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va`ri*om"e*ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>varius</i>
various + <i>-meter</i>.] <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>An instrument for
comparing magnetic forces, esp. in the earth's magnetic
field.</def></p>

<p><hw>Va*risse"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. F. <i>varice</i>
varix. Cf. <u>Varix</u>.] <i>(Far.)</i> <def>An imperfection on the
inside of the hind leg in horses, different from a curb, but at the
same height, and often growing to an unsightly size.</def></p>

<p><hw>Var"si*ty</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Colloq. contr. of
<u>University</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Var`so`vienne"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop. fem.
of <i>varsovien</i> pertaining to Warsaw, fr. <i>Varsovie</i> Warsaw,
Pol. <i>Warszawa</i>.] <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A kind of Polish
dance.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Music for such a dance or having
its slow triple time characteristic strong accent beginning every
second measure.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Va"rus</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL., fr. L., bent,
grown inwards.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A deformity in which the foot is
turned inward. See <u>Talipes</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vase clock</hw>. <i>(Art)</i> <def>A clock whose decorative
case has the general form of a vase, esp. one in which there is no
ordinary dial, but in which a part of a vase revolves while a single
stationary indicator serves as a hand.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vas*ec"to*my</hw> (v&abreve;s*&ebreve;k"t&osl;*m&ybreve;),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Vas</i> + <i>-ecmoty</i>.] <i>(Surg.)</i>
<def>Resection or excision of the vas deferens.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vat"i*can Coun"cil</hw>. <i>(R. C. Ch.)</i> <def>The council
held under Pope Pius IX. in Vatican at Rome, in 1870, which
promulgated the dogma of papal infallibility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vaude"ville</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Loosely, and now
commonly, variety (see above), as, to play in <i>vaudeville</i>; a
<i>vaudeville</i> actor.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ve"ga</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp.] <def>An open tract
of ground; a plain, esp. one which is moist and fertile, as those used
for tobacco fields.</def> [Sp. Amer. &amp; Phil. Islands]</p>

<p><hw>Veg"e*tism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Vegetal state or
characteristic.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve"hi*cle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
liquid used to spread sensitive salts upon glass and paper for use in
photography.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Vehm</hw>, <hw>||Vehme</hw>  } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
pl. <plw><b>Vehme</b></plw> (#). [See <u>Vehmgericht</u>.] <def>A
vehmic court.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vehm"ge*richt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Vehmgerichte</b></plw> (#). [G. <i>vefm</i>, <i>fehm</i>
criminal tribunal + <i>gerichte</i> court, judgment. Cf.
<u>Vehmic</u>.] <def>A vehmic court.</def></p>

<p><hw>Veiled plate</hw>. <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A fogged
plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vein quartz</hw>. <def>Quartz occurring as gangue in a
vein.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vein"stone`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Mining)</i>
<def>Valueless material surrounding the ore in a lode; gangue;
matrix.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Veldt</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. <i>veld</i>. Cf.
<u>Field</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>A region or tract of land;
esp., the open field; grass country.</def> [South Africa]</p>

<p><hw>Veldt sore</hw>. <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An infective sore mostly on
the hands and feet, often contracted in walking on the veldt and
apparently due to a specific micro&ouml;rganism.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>||Ve*lou`t&eacute;"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, or
<hw>Sauce velout&eacute;</hw> (?) }. [F. <i>velout&eacute;</i>, lit.,
velvety.] <i>(Cookery)</i> <def>A white sauce or stock made by boiling
down ham, veal, beef, fowl, bouillon, etc., then adding soup stock,
seasoning, vegetables, and thickening, and again boiling and
straining.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vend"or's lien</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>An implied lien (that
is, one not created by mortgage or other express agreement) given in
equity to a vendor of lands for the unpaid purchase money.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*ne"tian</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>pl.</i> <def>Galligaskins.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A Venetian blind.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Ven"in</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>venenum</i>
poison.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>A toxic substance contained in
the venom of poisonous snakes; also, a (supposedly identical) toxic
substance obtained by the cleavage of an albumose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver*big"er*ate</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>-ated</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>-ating</u> (?).] [L. <i>verbigerate</i>, <i>-atum</i>, to talk.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To talk; chat.</def> [Obs.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Med.)</i> <def>To repeat a word or
sentence, in speaking or writing, without wishing to do so or in spite
of efforts to cease.</def> -- <wf>Ver*big`er*a"tion</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>||Ver*ein"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.] <def>A union,
association, or society; -- used in names of German
organizations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ver"ner's law</hw> (?). <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>A statement,
propounded by the Danish philologist Karl Verner in 1875, which
explains certain apparent exceptions to Grimm's law by the original
position of the accent. Primitive Indo-European <i>k</i>, <i>t</i>,
<i>p</i>, became first in Teutonic <i>h</i>, <i>th</i>, <i>f</i>, and
appear without further change in old Teutonic, if the accent rested on
the preceding syllable; but these sounds became voiced and produced
<i>g</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>b</i>, if the accent was originally on a
different syllable. Similarly <i>s</i> either remained unchanged, or
it became <i>z</i> and later <i>r</i>. Example: Skt.
sa<i>p</i>t&amacr; (accent on ultima), Gr. <grk>'e`pta</grk>, Gothic
si<i>b</i>un (seven). Examples in English are <i>dead</i> by the side
of <i>death</i>, to <i>rise</i> and to <i>rear</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ver*ru"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Verruc&aelig;</b></plw> (#). [L. Cf. <u>Verrugas</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A wart.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A wartlike elevation
or roughness.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ver*ru"gas</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., warts. Cf.
<u>Verruca</u>.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An endemic disease occurring in
the Andes in Peru, characterized by warty tumors which ulcerate and
bleed. It is probably due to a special bacillus, and is often
fatal.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ver"y's</hw>, or <hw>Ver"y</hw>, <hw>night signals</hw>  }
(?). [After Lieut. Samuel W. <i>Very</i>, who invented the system in
1877.] <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A system of signaling in which balls of red
and green fire are fired from a pistol, the arrangement in groups
denoting numbers having a code significance.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Ve*sic`u*li"tis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL.;
<i>vesicula</i> + <i>-itis</i>.] <def>Inflammation of a
vesicle.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vest"ed school</hw>. <def>In Ireland, a national school which
has been built by the aid of grants from the board of Commissioners of
National Education and is secured for educational purposes by leases
to the commissioners themselves, or to the commissioners and the
trustees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"ti*bule</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To furnish
with a vestibule or vestibules.</def>  <i>Brander Matthews.</i></p>

<p><hw>Vestibuled train</hw>. <i>(Railroad)</i> <def>Same as
<i>Vestibule  train</i>, under <u>Vestibule</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ves"tige</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A
small, degenerate, or imperfectly developed part or organ which has
been more fully developed in some past generation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ve*su"vi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of match
or fusee for lighting cigars, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"bra*tor</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One that
vibrates, or causes vibration or oscillation of any kind;</def>
specif. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Elec.)</i> (1) <def>A trembler, as of
an electric bell.</def> (2) <def>A vibrating reed for transmitting or
receiving pulsating currents in a harmonic telegraph system.</def> (3)
<def>A device for vibrating the pen of a siphon recorder to diminish
frictional resistance on the paper.</def> (4) <def>An
oscillator.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An ink-distributing roller
in a printing machine, having an additional vibratory motion.</def>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <i>(Music)</i> <def>A vibrating reed, esp. in a
reed organ.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <i>(Weaving)</i> <def>Any of
various vibrating devices, as one for slackening the warp as a shed
opens.</def> <sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>An attachment, usually
pneumatic, in a molding machine to shake the pattern loose.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"bro*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Vibrate</i> +
<i>-graph</i>.] <def>An instrument to observe and record
vibrations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vick"ers' gun</hw> (?). <i>(Ordnance)</i> <def>One of a system
of guns manufactured by the firm of Vickers' Sons, at Sheffield, Eng.
now included in <i>Vickers-Maxim guns</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vick"ers-Max"im automatic machine gun</hw>. <def>An automatic
machine gun in which the mechanism is worked by the recoil, assisted
by the pressure of gases from the muzzle, which expand in a gas
chamber against a disk attached to the end of the barrel, thus moving
the latter to the rear with increased recoil, and against the front
wall of the gas chamber, checking the recoil of the system.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vickers-Maxim gun</hw>. <i>(Ordnance)</i> <def>One of a system
of ordnance, including machine, quick-fire, coast, and field guns, of
all calibers, manufactured by the combined firms of Vickers' Sons of
Sheffield and Maxim of Birmingham and elsewhere, England.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vic*to"ri*a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One of an
American breed of medium-sized white hogs with a slightly dished face
and very erect ears.</def></p>

<p><hw>Victoria crape</hw>. <def>A kind of cotton crape.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vic*to"ri*um</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. So named after
<i>Victoria</i>, queen of Great Britain.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
probable chemical element discovered by Sir William Crookes in 1898.
Its nitrate is obtained byy practical decomposition and
crystallization of yttrium nitrate. At. wt., about 117.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vier"kleur`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D., fr.
<i>vier</i> four + <i>kleur</i> color, F. <i>couleur</i>.] <def>The
four-colored flag of the South African Republic, or Transvaal, -- red,
white, blue, and green.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2023 !></p>

<p><hw>Vi*gnette"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A picture,
illustration, or depiction in words, esp. one of a small or dainty
kind.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*gnett"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>A device used by photographers in printing vignettes, consisting
of a screen of paper or glass with a central aperture the edges of
which become opaque by intensible gradations.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A maker of vignettes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin"e*gar fly</hw>. <def>Any of several fruit flies, esp.
<i>Drosophila ampelopophila</i>, which breed in imperfectly sealed
preserves and in pickles.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin`e*gar*roon"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp.
<i>vinagre</i> vinegar.] <def>A whip scorpion, esp. a large Mexican
species (<i>Thelyphonus giganteus</i>) popularly supposed to be very
venomous; -- from the odor that it emits when alarmed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vin`i*fi*ca"tion</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L.
<i>vinum</i> wine + E. <i>-fication</i>.] <def>The conversion of a
fruit juice or other saccharine solution into alcohol by
fermentation.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi"num</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Vina</b></plw> (#). [L. See <u>Wine</u>.] <def>Wine, --
chiefly used in <i>Pharmacy</i> in the name of solutions of some
medicinal substance in wine; as: <col><b>vina medicata</b></col>,
medicated wines; <col><b>vinum opii</b></col>, wine of
opium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"o*let-ear`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any tropical
humming bird of the genus <i>Petasophora</i>, having violet or
purplish ear tufts.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"per*oid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos>  [<i>Viper</i> + <i>-
oid</i>.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Like or pertaining to the
vipers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi*sa"yan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Cf. Sp. <i>Bisayo</i>
a Visayan.] <def>A member of the most numerous of the native races of
the Philippines, occupying the Visayan Islands and the northern coast
Mindanao; also, their language. The Visayans possessed a native
culture and alphabet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"i*ble speech"</hw>. <i>(Phon.)</i> <def>A system of
characters invented by Prof. Alexander Melville Bell to represent all
sounds that may be uttered by the speech organs, and intended to be
suggestive of the position of the organs of speech in uttering
them.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vis ma"jor</hw>. [L. <i>major</i> greater.] <i>(Law)</i>
<def>A superior force which under certain circumstances is held to
exempt from contract obligations; inevitable accident; -- a civil-law
term used as nearly equivalent to, but broader than, the common-law
term <i>act of God</i> (which see).</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"u*al*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To form a
mental image of something not present before the eye at the
time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vis"u*al*iz`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One who
visualizes or is proficient in visualization;</def> esp.
<i>(Physiol.)</i>, <def>one whose mental imagery is prevailingly
visualization.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vi"ta*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [L. <i>vita</i> life
+ <i>-scope</i>.] <def>A form of machine for exhibiting animated
pictures.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"rage</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., prop., glazing,
glass window.] <def>A curtain of light and translucent material
intended to be secured directly to the woodwork of a French casement
window or a glazed door.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"rics</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Vitric</u>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The art or study of the manufacture and
decoration of glassware.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>pl.</i> <def>Articles of glassware,
glassware in general.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"rine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F.] <def>A glass show
case for displaying fine wares, specimens, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*ol</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>-oled</u> (?) or <u>-olled</u>; <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>-oling</u> or <u>-olling</u>.] [From <u>Vitriol</u>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Metal.)</i> <def>To dip
in dilute sulphuric acid; to pickle.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To vitriolize.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Vit"ri*ol*ize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To injure
(a person) with vitriol, or sulphuric acid, as by throwing it upon the
face.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vit"ro-di-tri"na</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [It. <i>vetro
di trina</i> glass of lace.] <def>A kind of Venetian glass or
glassware in which white threads are embedded in transparent glass
with a lacelike or netlike effect.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi"va</hw> (?), <pos><i>interj.</i></pos> [It.] <def>Lit.,
(long) live; -- an exclamation expressing good will, well wishing,
etc.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>The word viva, or a shout or
sound made in uttering it.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>A wilder burst of "<i>vivas</i>".</blockquote>  <i>R.
H. Davis.</i></p>

<p><hw>||Vi`van`dier"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [OF. &amp; F.
<i>vivandier</i>, fr. LL. <i>vivanda</i>, <i>vivenda</i>, provisions.
Cf. <u>Viand</u>.] <def>In Continental armies, esp. the French, a
sutler.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vi`vant"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [F., p.pr., living.]
<def>In mort, bridge, and similar games, the partner of
dummy.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vo*lan"te</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp., prop.,
flying.] <def>A two-wheeled carriage formerly much used in Cuba. The
body is in front of the axle; the driver rides on the horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol*can"ic neck</hw>. <i>(Geol.)</i> <def>A column of igneous
rock formed by congelation of lava in the conduit of a volcano and
later exposed by the removal of surrounding rocks.</def></p>

<p><hw>Volcanic wind</hw>. <i>(Meteorol.)</i> <def>A wind associated
with a volcanic outburst and due to the eruption or to convection
currents over hot lava.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Volks"raad`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D.] <def>A
legislative assembly or parliament of any one of several countries
colonized by the Dutch, esp. that of the South African Republic, or
the Transvaal, and that of the Orange Free State.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"ley ball</hw>. <def>A game played by volleying a large
inflated ball with the hands over a net 7 ft. 6 in. high.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo"lost</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ. <i>volost'</i>.]
<def>In the greater part of Russia, a division for local government
consisting of a group of mirs, or village communities; a
canton.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"plane`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> [F. <i>vol
plan&eacute;</i> act of volplaning; <i>vol</i> flight +
<i>plan&eacute;</i>, p.p.; cf. <i>planer</i> to hover.]
<i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i> <def>To glide in a flying machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Volt*am"me`ter</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A
wattmeter.</def></p>

<p><hw>Volt amp&egrave;re</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>A unit of electric
measurement equal to the product of a volt and an ampere. For direct
current it is a measure of power and is the same as a watt; for
alternating current it is a measure of apparent power.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vo*lu"me*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Volume</i> +
<i>-scope</i>.] <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An instrument consisting
essentially of a glass tube provided with a graduated scale, for
exhibiting to the eye the changes of volume of a gas or gaseous
mixture resulting from chemical action, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol"un*ta*rism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any theory
which conceives will to be the dominant factor in experience or in the
constitution of the world; -- contrasted with <i>intellectualism</i>.
Schopenhauer and Fichte are typical exponents of the two types of
metaphysical voluntarism, Schopenhauer teaching that the evolution of
the universe is the activity of a blind and irrational will, Fichte
holding that the intelligent activity of the ego is the fundamental
fact of reality.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`un*teer" na"vy</hw>. <def>A navy of vessels fitted out and
manned by volunteers who sail under the flag of the regular navy and
subject to naval discipline. Prussia in 1870, in the Franco-German
war, organized such a navy, which was commanded by merchant seamen
with temporary commissions, with the claim (in which England
acquiesced) that it did not come within the meaning of the term
<i>privateer</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vol`un*teers" of America</hw>. <def>A religious and
philanthropic organization, similar to the Salvation Army, founded
(1896) by Commander and Mrs. Ballington Booth.</def></p>

<p><hw>Volunteer State</hw>. <def>Tennessee; -- a nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Voor"trek`er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [D. (in South
Africa).] <def>One who treks before or first; a pioneer.</def> [South
Africa]</p>

<p><hw>Vor"tex fil"a*ment</hw>. <def>A vortex tube of infinitesimal
cross section.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vor"tex fringe</hw>. <def>The region immediately surrounding a
disk moving flatwise through air; -- so called because the air has a
cyclic motion as in vortex ring.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vortex line</hw>. <def>A line, within a rotating fluid, whose
tangent at every point is the instantaneous axis of rotation as that
point of the fluid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vortex ring</hw>. <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A ring-shaped mass of
moving fluid which, by virtue of its motion of rotation around an axis
disposed in circular form, attains a more or less distinct separation
from the surrounding medium and has many of the properties of a
solid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vortex theory</hw>. <i>(Chem. &amp; Physics)</i> <def>The theory,
advanced by Thomson (Lord Kelvin) on the basis of investigation by
Helmholtz, that the atoms are vortically moving ring-shaped masses (or
masses of other forms having a similar internal motion) of a
homogeneous, incompressible, frictionless fluid. Various properties of
such atoms (<col><b>vortex atoms</b></col>) can be mathematically
deduced.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vortex tube</hw>. <i>(Physics)</i> <def>An imaginary tube
within a rotating fluid, formed by drawing the vortex lines through
all points of a closed curve.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Vox` an*gel"i*ca</hw> (?). [L. <i>angelica</i> angelic.]
<i>(Music)</i> <def>An organ stop of delicate stringlike quality,
having for each finger key a pair of pipes, of which one is tuned
slightly sharp to give a wavy effect to their joint tone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Vul"can pow"der</hw>. <def>A dynamite composed of nitroglycerin
(30 parts), sodium nitrate (52.5), charcoal (10.5), and sulphur (7),
used in mining and blasting.</def></p>

<p><point26>W.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Wad"die</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. &amp; v.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Waddy</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wad"dy</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i>
<plw><b>Waddies</b></plw> (&?;). [Written also <i>waddie</i>,
<i>whaddie</i>.] [Native name. Thought by some to be a corrup. of E.
<i>wood</i>.] [Australia] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>An aboriginal war
club.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A piece of wood; stick; peg; also, a
walking stick.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wad"dy</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp. &amp; p.
p.</i></pos> <u>Waddied</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb. n.</i></pos>
<u>Waddying</u>.] <def>To attack or beat with a waddy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wad"dy*wood`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An Australian
tree (<i>Pittosporum bicolor</i>); also, its wood, used in making
waddies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ger</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Wagering, or
gambling</b></col>, <col><b>contract</b></col>. <cd>A contract which
is of the nature of wager. Contracts of this nature include various
common forms of valid commercial contracts, as contracts of insurance,
contracts dealing in futures, options, etc. Other wagering contracts
and bets are now generally made illegal by statute against betting and
gambling, and wagering has in many cases been made a criminal
offence.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ges</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <i>(Theoretical
Economics)</i> <def>The share of the annual product or national
dividend which goes as a reward to labor, as distinct from the
remuneration received by capital in its various forms. This economic
or technical sense of the word <i>wages</i> is broader than the
current sense, and includes not only amounts actually paid to
laborers, but the remuneration obtained by those who sell the products
of their own work, and the <i>wages of superintendence</i> or
<i>management</i>, which are earned by skill in directing the work of
others.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wag"gle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A waggling or
wagging;</def> specif. <i>(Golf)</i>, <def>the preliminary swinging of
the club head back and forth over the ball in the line of the proposed
stroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wag*ne"ri*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of, pertaining
to, or resembling the style of, Richard <i>Wagner</i>, the German
musical composer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa*hoo"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any of various
American trees or shrubs;</def> specif.: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
certain shrub (<i>Evonymus atropurpureus</i>) having purple capsules
which in dehiscence expose the scarlet-ariled seeds; -- called also
<i>burning bush</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Cascara
buckthorn.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>Basswood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa*hoo"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dark blue scombroid
food fish (<i>Acanthocibium solandri or petus</i>) of Florida and the
West Indies.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wait"-a-bit`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Any of several
plants bearing thorns or stiff hooked appendages, which catch and tear
the clothing,</def> as: <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>The greenbrier.</def>
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any of various species of hawthorn.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>In South Africa, one of numerous acacias and
mimosas.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> <def>The grapple plant.</def>
<sd><i>(e)</i></sd> <def>The prickly ash.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wait"-a-while`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>One of the Australian wattle trees (<i>Acacia colletioides</i>),
so called from the impenetrability of the thicket which it
makes.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>= <u>Wait-a-bit</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Wai Wu Pu</hw> (?). [Chinese <i>wai</i> foreign + <i>wu</i>
affairs + <i>pu</i> office.] <def>The Department of Foreign Affairs in
the Chinese government.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>The Tsung-li Yamen, or Foreign Office, created by a
decree of January 19, 1861, was in July, 1902, superseded by the
formation of a new Foreign Office called the <i>Wai Wu Pu</i>, . . .
with precedence before all other boards.</blockquote>  <i>J. Scott
Keltie.</i></p>

<p><hw>Wakf</hw> (w&ubreve;kf), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>waqf</i>.] <i>(Moham. Law)</i> <def>The granting or dedication of
property in trust for a pious purpose, that is, to some object that
tends to the good of mankind, as to support a mosque or caravansary,
to provide for support of one's family, kin, or neighbors, to benefit
some particular person or persons and afterward the poor, etc.; also,
the trust so created, or the property in trust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"kif</hw> (w&auml;"k&ibreve;f), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.
<i>w&amacr;qif</i>.] <i>(Moham. Law)</i> <def>The person creating a
wakf.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wal"er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [From <i>Wales</i>, i.e.,
New South Wales.] <def>A horse imported from New South Wales; also,
any Australian horse.</def> [Colloq.]  <i>Kipling.</i></p>

<p>&fist; The term originated in India, whither many horses are
exported from Australia (mostly from New South Wales), especially for
the use of cavalry.</p>

<p><hw>Walk</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>In
coffee, coconut, and other plantations, the space between
them.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Sporting)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A
place for keeping and training puppies.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>An inclosed area of some extent to which a gamecock is confined
to prepare him for fighting.</def></p>

<p><hw>Walk</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Sporting)</i> <def>To put or keep (a puppy) in a walk; to train
(puppies) in a walk.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To move in a manner likened to
walking.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><blockquote>She <i>walked</i> a spinning wheel into the house,
making it use first one and then the other of its own spindling legs
to achieve progression rather than lifting it by main
force.</blockquote>  <i>C. E. Craddock.</i></p>

<p><col><b>To walk one's chalks</b></col>, <cd>to make off; take
French leave.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wal*la"chi*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Also
<i>Walachian</i>, <i>Wallach</i>, <i>Wallack</i>, <i>Vlach</i>, etc.]
<def>Of or pertaining to <i>Wallachia</i>, a former principality, now
part of the kingdom, of Roumania.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An inhabitant of Wallachia; also, the language of the
Wallachians; Roumanian.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wal"lack</hw> (?), <pos><i>a. &amp; n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Wallachian</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wall"flow`er</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In
Australia, the desert poison bush (<i>Gastrolobium grandiflorum</i>);
-- called also <i>native wallflower</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wal"low</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Act of wallowing.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A place to which an animal comes to
wallow; also, the depression in the ground made by its wallowing; as,
a buffalo <i>wallow</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wall Street</hw>. <def>A street towards the southern end of the
borough of Manhattan, New York City, extending from Broadway to the
East River; -- so called from the old wall which extended along it
when the city belonged to the Dutch. It is the chief financial center
of the United States, hence the name is often used for the money
market and the financial interests of the country.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wane</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Forestry)</i> <def>The
natural curvature of a log or of the edge of a board sawed from a
log.</def></p>

<p><hw>Warp</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>To twist the end surfaces of (an a&euml;rocurve in an
a&euml;roplane) in order to restore or maintain equilibrium.</def></p>

<p><hw>Warp knitting</hw>. <def>A kind of knitting in which a number
of threads are interchained each with one or more contiguous threads
on either side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wart"y-back`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An American fresh-
water mussel (<i>Quadrula pustulosa</i>). Its shell is used in making
buttons.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
cause dephosphorisation of (molten pig iron) by adding substances
containing iron oxide, and sometimes manganese oxide.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To pass (a gas or gaseous mixture) through
or over a liquid for the purpose of purifying it, esp. by removing
soluble constituents.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>To
use washes, as for the face or hair.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To move with a lapping or swashing sound,
or the like; to lap; splash; as, to hear the water
<i>washing</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> [Western U.
S.] <i>(Geol.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Gravel and other rock
d&eacute;bris transported and deposited by running water; coarse
alluvium.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>An alluvial cone formed by a
stream at the base of a mountain.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The dry bed of an intermittent stream,
sometimes at the bottom of a ca&ntilde;on; as, the Amargosa
<i>wash</i>, Diamond <i>wash</i>; -- called also <i>dry
wash</i>.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Arch.)</i> <def>The upper surface of a
member or material when given a slope to shed water. Hence, a
structure or receptacle shaped so as to receive and carry off water,
as a carriage <i>wash</i> in a stable.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash drawing</hw>. <i>(Art)</i> <def>In water-color painting,
work in, or a work done chiefly in, washes, as distinguished from that
done in stipple, in body color, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Washed sale</hw>. <def>Same as <u>Wash sale</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash"ing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Mining)</i> <def>Gold dust procured by washing; also, a place
where this is done; a washery.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A thin covering or coat; as, a
<i>washing</i> of silver.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Stock Exchanges)</i> <def>The operation of
simultaneously buying and selling the same stock for the purpose of
manipulating the market. The transaction is fictitious, and is
prohibited by stock-exchange rules.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <i>(Pottery)</i> <def>The covering of a piece
with an infusible powder, which prevents it from sticking to its
supports, while receiving the glaze.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2024 !></p>

<p><hw>Wash"oe proc`ess</hw> (?). [From the <i>Washoe</i> district,
Nevada.] <def>The process of treating silver ores by grinding in pans
or tubs with the addition of mercury, and sometimes of chemicals such
as blue vitriol and salt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash sale</hw>. <i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>A sale made in
washing. See <u>Washing</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>, 3, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wash stand</hw>. <def>In a stable or garage, a place in the
floor prepared so that carriages or automobiles may be washed there
and the water run off.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Waste</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i>
<def>Material derived by mechanical and chemical erosion from the
land, carried by streams to the sea.</def></p>

<p><hw>Watch meeting</hw>. <def>A religious meeting held in the
closing hours of the year.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*course`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<i>(Shipbuilding)</i> <def>One of the holes in floor or other plates
to permit water to flow through.</def></p>

<p><hw>Water glass</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
clepsydra.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An instrument consisting of an open box or
tube with a glass bottom, used for examining objects in the water, as
upon the sea bottom in shallow places.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A water gauge for a steam
boiler.</def></p>

<p><hw>Water grass</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A tall march
perennial grass (<i>Paspalum dilatatum</i>) of the southern United
States and the American tropics.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Manna
grass.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd> <def>The grass <i>Chloris
elegans</i>.</def> <sd><i>(d)</i></sd> [Dial. Eng.] (1) <def>Velvet
grass.</def> (2) <def>The water cress.</def> (3) <def>One of various
horsetails.</def></p>

<p><hw>Water hammer</hw>. <def>A metal hammer used when heated, as by
dipping in hot water, to blister the skin, as for
counterritation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wa"ter*man*ship`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The business or skill of a waterman.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Art of, or skill in, rowing; oarsmanship;
specif., skill in managing the blade in the water, as distinguished
from managing arms, body, etc., in the stroke.</def></p>

<p><hw>Water monkey</hw>. <def>A jar or bottle, as of porous
earthenware, in which water is cooled by evaporation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Water parting</hw>. <i>(Phys. Geog.)</i> <def>A summit from the
opposite sides of which rain waters flow to different streams; a line
separating the drainage districts of two streams or coasts; a
divide.</def></p>

<p><hw>Water pocket</hw>. <def>A water hole in the bed of an
intermittent stream, esp. the bowl at the foot of a cliff over which
the stream leaps when in the flood stage.</def> [Western U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Water table</hw>. <i>(Hydraulic Engin.)</i> <def>The upper
limit of the portion of the ground wholly saturated with water. The
water table may be within a few inches of the surface or many feet
below it.</def></p>

<p><hw>Water telescope</hw>. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Optics)</i> <def>A
telescope in which the medium between the objective and the eye piece
is water instead of air, used in some experiments in
aberration.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A telescope devised for looking into a
body of water.</def></p>

<p><hw>Water tender</hw>. <i>(Nav.)</i> <def>In the United States
navy, a first-class petty officer in charge in a fireroom. He "tends"
water to the boilers, sees that fires are properly cleaned and stoked,
etc. There is also a rating of <i>chief water tender</i>, who is a
chief petty officer.</def></p>

<p><hw>Water tower</hw>. <def>A tower or standpipe used as a reservoir
to deliver water at a required head, as to a fountain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Water tube</hw>. <def>Any tube for passing or holding water;
specif., in some steam boilers, a tube in which water circulates and
steam is generated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wat*teau"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Art)</i>
<def>Having the appearance of that which is seen in pictures by
Antoine <i>Watteau</i>, a French painter of the eighteenth century; --
said esp. of women's garments; as, a <i>Watteau</i> bodice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Watteau back</hw>. <def>The back of a woman's gown in which one
or more very broad folds are carried from the neck to the floor
without being held in at the waist, while the front and sides of the
gown are shaped to the person and have a belt or its
equivalent.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wat"tle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Material consisting of wattled twigs, withes, etc., used for
walls, fences, and the like.</def> "The pailsade of <i>wattle</i>."
<i>Frances Macnab.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>In Australasia, any tree of
the genus <i>Acacia</i>; -- so called from the <i>wattles</i>, or
hurdles, which the early settlers made of the long, pliable branches
or of the split stems of the slender species.</def></p>

<p><hw>Watt"less</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Elec.)</i>
<def>Without any power (cf. <u>Watt</u>); -- said of an alternating
current or component of current when it differs in phase by ninety
degrees from the electromotive force which produces it, or of an
electromotive force or component thereof when the current it produces
differs from it in phase by 90 degrees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wave</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Something resembling or
likened to a water wave, as in rising unusually high, in being of
unusual extent, or in progressive motion; a swelling or excitement, as
of feeling or energy; a tide; flood; period of intensity, usual
activity, or the like; as, a <i>wave</i> of enthusiasm.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wax"works`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> <def>An
exhibition of wax figures, or the place of exhibition.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weak</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Stock Exchange)</i> <def>Tending toward a lower price or lower
prices; as, wheat is <i>weak</i>; a <i>weak</i> market.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Card Playing)</i> <def>Lacking in good
cards; deficient as to number or strength; as, a hand <i>weak</i> in
trumps.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>Lacking contrast; as, a
<i>weak</i> negative.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wealth</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Econ.)</i>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>In the private sense, all pooperty which has
a money value.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>In the public sense, all
objects, esp. material objects, which have economic utility.</def>
<sd><i>(c)</i></sd> Specif. called <i><b>personal wealth</b></i>.
<def>Those energies, faculties, and habits directly contributing to
make people industrially efficient.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wear</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The result of wearing or
use; consumption, diminution, or impairment due to use, friction, or
the like; as, the <i>wear</i> of this coat has been good.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weath"er map</hw>. <def>A map or chart showing the principal
meteorological elements at a given hour and over an extended region.
Such maps usually show the height of the barometer, the temperature of
the air, the relative humidity, the state of the weather, and the
direction and velocity of the wind. Isobars and isotherms outline the
general distribution of temperature and pressure, while shaded areas
indicate the sections over which rain has just fallen. Other lines
inclose areas where the temperature has fallen or risen markedly. In
tabular form are shown changes of pressure and of temperature, maximum
and minimum temperatures, and total rain for each weather station
since the last issue, usually 12 hours.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weather signal</hw>. <def>Any signal giving information about
the weather. The system used by the United States Weather Bureau
includes temperature, cold or hot wave, rain or snow, wind direction,
storm, and hurricane signals.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weather station</hw>. <i>(Meteor.)</i> <def>A station for
taking meteorological observations, making weather forecasts, or
disseminating such information. Such stations are of the <b>first
order</b> when they make observations of all the important elements
either hourly or by self-registering instruments; of the <b>second
order</b> when only important observations are taken; of the <b>third
order</b> when simpler work is done, as to record rainfall and maximum
and minimum temperatures.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wedge gauge</hw> or <hw>gage</hw>  }. <def>A wedge with a
graduated edge, to measure the width of a space into which it is
thrust.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wedge gear</hw>. <def>A friction gear wheel with wedge-shaped
circumferential grooves.</def> -- <wf>Wedge gearing</wf>.</p>

<p><hw>Weed"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Free from weeds; --
said of a kind of motor-boat propeller the blades of which curve
backwardly, as respects the direction of rotation, so that they draw
through the water, and so do not gather weeds with which they come in
contact.</def></p>

<p><hw>Week"-end"</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The end of the week;
specif., though loosely, the period observed commonly as a holiday,
from Saturday noon or Friday night to Monday; as, to visit one for a
<i>week-end</i>; also, a house party during a week-end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weep"ing tree</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any tree having
pendulous branches.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>A tree from which
honeydew or other liquid secretions of insects drip in considerable
quantities, esp. one infested by the larv&aelig; of any species of the
genus <i>Ptylus</i>, allied to the cuckoo spits, which in tropical
countries secrete large quantities of a watery fluid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weet"*weet`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name in
Victoria.] <def>A throwing toy, or implement, of the Australian
aborigines, consisting of a cigar-shaped stick fastened at one end to
a flexible twig. It weighs in all about two ounces, and is about two
feet long.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weight</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Dyeing)</i> <def>To
load (fabrics) as with barite, to increase the weight, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weil's disease</hw> (?). <i>(Med.)</i> <def>An acute infectious
febrile disease, resembling typhoid fever, with muscular pains,
disturbance of the digestive organs, jaundice, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weis"mann*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Biol.)</i>
<def>The theories and teachings in regard to heredity propounded by
the German biologist August <i>Weismann</i>, esp. in regard to germ
plasm as the basis of heredity and the impossibility of transmitting
acquired characteristics; -- often called <i>neo-
Darwinism</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weiss beer</hw> (?). [G. <i>weissbier</i> white beer.] <def>A
light-colored highly effervescent beer made by the top-fermentation
process.</def></p>

<p><hw>Weld steel</hw>. <def>A compound of iron, such as puddled
steel, made without complete fusion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wel"ling*ton boot</hw>. [After the Duke of <i>Wellington</i>.]
<def>A riding boot for men, the front of which came above the knee;
also, a similar shorter boot worn under the trousers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wels"bach</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pertaining
to Auer von <i>Welsbach</i> or the incandescent gas burner invented by
him.</def> -- <col><b>Welsbach burner</b></col>, <cd>a burner in which
the combustion of a mixture of air and gas or vapor is employed to
heat to incandescence a mantle composed of thoria and ceria. The
mantle is made by soaking a "stocking" in a solution of nitrates of
thorium and cerium (approx. 99 : 1), drying, and, for use, igniting to
burn the thread and convert the nitrates into oxides, which remain as
a fragile ash. The light far exceeds that obtained from the same
amount of gas with the ordinary fishtail burner, but has a slight
greenish hue.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Welsh</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>
<sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>To cheat by avoiding payment of bets; -- said
esp. of an absconding bookmaker at a race track.</def> [Slang]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>To avoid dishonorably the fulfillment of a
pecuniary obligation.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>||Welt"an"schau`ung</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; pl.
<plw><b>Weltanschauungen</b></plw> (#). [G.] <def>Lit., world view; a
conception of the course of events in, and of the purpose of, the
world as a whole, forming a philosophical view or apprehension of the
universe; the general idea embodied in a cosmology.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wel"ter*weight`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <i>(Horse Racing)</i> <def>A weight of 28 pounds
(one of 40 pounds is called a <i>heavy welterweight</i>) sometimes
imposed in addition to weight for age, chiefly in steeplechases and
hurdle races.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A boxer or wrestler whose weight is
intermediate between that of a lightweight and that of a
middleweight.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Welt"schmertz`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr.
<i>welt</i> world + <i>schmertz</i> pain. See <u>World</u>;
<u>Smart</u>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos>] <def>Sorrow or sadness over the
present or future evils or woes of the world in general; sentimental
pessimism.</def></p>

<p><hw>||W&ecirc;n"-li`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin.
<i>w&ecirc;n li</i>.] <def>The higher literary idiom of Chinese, that
of the canonical books and of all composition pretending to literary
standing. It employs a classical or academic diction, and a more
condensed and sententious style than Mandarin, and differs also in the
doubling and arrangement of words.</def></p>

<p><hw>West</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Eccl.)</i>
<def>Designating, or situated in, that part of a church which is
opposite to, and farthest from, the east, or the part containing the
chancel and choir.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wet-bulb thermometer</hw>. <i>(Physics)</i> <def>That one of
the two similar thermometers of a psychrometer the bulb of which is
moistened; also, the entire instrument.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wet plate</hw>. <i>(Photog.)</i> <def>A plate the film of which
retains its sensitiveness only while wet. The film used in such plates
is of collodion impregnated with bromides and iodides. Before exposure
the plate is immersed in a solution of silver nitrate, and immediately
after exposure it is developed and fixed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whack</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To divide into
shares; as, to <i>whack</i> the spoils of a robbery; -- often with
<i>up</i>.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Whack</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A portion; share;
allowance.</def> [Slang] -- <col><b>Out of whack</b></col>, <cd>out of
order.</cd> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Whale"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i>
<def>A form of vessel, often with steam power, having sharp ends and a
very convex upper deck, much used on the Great Lakes, esp. for
carrying grain.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whang</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To beat; thrash; bang; also, to throw, hurl, or fling about,
violently.</def> [Scot. &amp; Dial. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To slice, esp. in large pieces; to
chop.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><hw>Whang</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
blow; whack.</def> [Dial. or Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>A large piece or slice; chunk.</def>
[Scot. &amp; Dial. Eng.]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>Formerly, a house-cleaning party.</def>
[Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Whang"doo`dle</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>An imaginary
creature, of undefined character.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Wheat rust</hw>. <def>A disease of wheat and other grasses
caused by the rust fungus <i>Puccinia graminis</i>; also, the fungus
itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheat sawfly</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A small European
sawfly (<i>Cephus pygm&aelig;us</i>) whose larva does great injury to
wheat by boring in the stalks.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any of
several small American sawflies of the genus <i>Dolerus</i>, as <i>D.
sericeus</i> and <i>D. arvensis</i>, whose larv&aelig; injure the
stems or heads of wheat.</def> <sd><i>(c)</i></sd>
<def><i>Pachynematus extensicornis</i>, whose larv&aelig; feed chiefly
on the blades of wheat; -- called also <i>grass sawfly</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheat"stone's rods</hw>. <i>(Acoustics)</i> <def>Flexible rods
the period of vibration of which in two planes at right angles are in
some exact ratio to one another. When one end of such a rod is fixed,
the free end describes in vibrating the corresponding Lissajous
figure. So called because devised by Sir Charles Wheatstone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheat"worm`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small
nematode worm (<i>Tylenchus tritici</i>) which attacks wheat,
advancing through the stem to the grains in the air.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel base</hw>. <def>The figure inclosed by lines through the
points contact of the wheels of a vehicle, etc., with the surface or
rails on which they run; more esp., the length of this figure between
the points of contact of the two extreme wheels on either
side.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheel of fortune</hw>. <def>A gambling or lottery device
consisting of a wheel which is spun horizontally, articles or sums to
which certain marks on its circumference point when it stops being
distributed according to varying rules.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wheft</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A kind
of streamer or flag used either as a signal, or at the masthead for
ornament or to indicate the direction of the wind to aid in
steering.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whey cure</hw>. <def>Treatment with whey as a drink and in
baths.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>A
whipping motion; a thrashing about; as, the <i>whip</i> of a tense
rope or wire which has suddenly parted; also, the quality of being
whiplike or flexible; flexibility; suppleness, as of the shaft of a
golf club.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>Any of various pieces that
operate with a quick vibratory motion, as a spring in certain
electrical devices for making a circuit, or a rocking certain piano
actions.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"saw`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A kind of narrow
ripsaw, tapering from butt to point, with hook teeth and averaging
from 5 to 7&frac12; feet in length, used by one or two men.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"saw`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>To saw with the whipsaw.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>To defeat in, or cause to lose, two
different bets at the same turn or in one play, as a player at faro
who has made two bets at the same time, one that a card will lose and
another that a different card will win; hence, to defeat in spite of
every effort.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whip"stitch`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A small bit; esp.,
a small interval of time; an instant; a minute.</def> [Dial. or
Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Whip"stitch`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>To sew by
passing the thread over and over; to overcast; whip.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Whisky</hw>, or <hw>Whiskey, Ring</hw>  }. (U. S. Hist.)
<def>A conspiracy of distillers and government officials during the
administration of President Grant to defraud the government of the
excise taxes. The frauds were detected in 1875 through the efforts of
the Secretary of the Treasury. B. H. Bristow, and most of the
offenders were convicted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Whist</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <col><b>Bridge
whist</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Bridge</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>,
above.</cd> -- <col><b>Duplicate whist</b></col>, <cd>a form of whist
in playing which the hands are preserved as dealt and played again by
other players, as when each side holds in the second round the cards
played by the opposing side in the first round.</cd> -- <col><b>Solo
whist</b></col>. <cd>See <u>Solo whist</u>, above.</cd></p>

<p><hw>White"cap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of a
self-appointed vigilance committee attempting by lynch-law methods to
drive away or coerce persons obnoxious to it. Some early ones wore
white hoods or masks.</def> [U. S.] -- <wf>White"cap`</wf>,
<pos><i>v.</i></pos> -- <wf>White"cap`per</wf> (#),
<pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>White elephant</hw>. <def>Something requiring much care and
expense and yielding little profit; any burdensome possession.</def>
[Slang]</p>

<p><hw>White fly</hw>. <def>Any one of numerous small injurious
hemipterous insects of the genus <i>Aleyrodes</i>, allied to scale
insects. They are usually covered with a white or gray
powder.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>White"head` tor*pe"do</hw> (?), <i>or</i>
<hw>White"head`</hw> }, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A form of self-
propelling torpedo.</def></p>

<p><hw>White horse</hw>. <def>A large mass of tough sinewy substance
in the head of sperm whales, just above the upper jaw and extending in
streaks into the junk above it. It resembles blubber, but contains no
oil. Also, the part of the head in which it occurs.</def></p>

<p><hw>White list</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A list of business
concerns regarded as worthy of patronage by reason of compliance with
certain conditions, as in regard to treatment of employees; as, the
<i>white list</i> of the Consumers' League.</def> [Cant]
<sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <i>(New York Stock Exchange)</i> <def>The official
list of all transactions, published daily on white paper, divided into
sales from 10 to 12, 12 to 2, and 2 to 3.</def></p>

<p><hw>White mustard</hw>. <def>A kind of mustard (<i>Sinapis
alba</i>) with rough-hairy foliage, a long-beaked hispid pod, and pale
seeds, which yield mustard and mustard oil. The plant is also grown
for forage.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2025 !></p>

<p><hw>White person</hw>. <def>A person of the Caucasian race (<i>6
Fed. Rep. 256</i>).</def> In the time of slavery in the United States
<i>white person</i> was generally construed as a person without
admixture of colored blood. In various statutes and decisions in
different States since 1865 <i>white person</i> is construed as in
effect: one not having any negro blood (Ark., Okla.); one having less
than one eighth of negro blood (Ala., Fla., Ga., Ind., Ky., Md.,
Minn., Miss., Mo., N.C., S.C., Tenn., Tex.); one having less than one
fourth (Mich., Neb., Ore., Va.); one having less than one half
(Ohio).</p>

<p><hw>White plague</hw>. <def>Tuberculosis, esp. of the
lungs.</def></p>

<p><hw>White slave</hw>. <def>A woman held in involuntary confinement
for purposes of prostitution; loosely, any woman forced into unwilling
prostitution.</def></p>

<p><hw>White slaver</hw>. <def>A person engaged in procuring or
holding a woman or women for unwilling prostitution.</def></p>

<p><hw>White slaving</hw>. <def>The action of one who procures or
holds a woman or women for unwilling prostitution.</def></p>

<p><hw>White"wash`</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <def>In various
games, to defeat (an opponent) so that he fails to score, or to reach
a certain point in the game; to skunk.</def> [Colloq., U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Wick"i*up Wick"y*up</hw> } (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>Vars of <u>Wikiup</u>.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wi*dal's"</hw>, or <hw>Wi*dal", test</hw> or
<hw>reaction</hw>  } (?). [After Fernand <i>Widal</i> (b. 1862),
French physician.] <i>(Med.)</i> <def>A test for typhoid fever based
on the fact that blood serum of one affected, in a bouillon culture of
typhoid bacilli, causes the bacilli to agglutinate and lose their
motility.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wide</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Stock Exchanges)</i>
<def>Having or showing a wide difference between the highest and
lowest price, amount of supply, etc.; as, a <i>wide</i> opening;
<i>wide</i> prices, where the prices bid and asked differ by several
points.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wide"-an`gle</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Photog. &
Optics)</i> <def>Having or covering an angle wider than the ordinary;
-- applied to certain lenses of relatively short focus. Lenses for
ordinary purposes have an angle of 50&deg; or less. Wide-angle lenses
may cover as much as 100&deg; and are useful for photographing at
short range, but the pictures appear distorted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wid"ow</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Card Playing)</i>
<def>In various games, any extra hand or part of a hand, as one dealt
to the table.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Wie"ner Schnit"zel</hw> (?). [G., Vienna cutlet.] <def>A veal
cutlet variously seasoned garnished, often with lemon, sardines, and
capers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wig"wag`</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>  [<pos><i>imp.
& p. p.</i></pos> <u>Wigwagged</u> (?); <pos><i>p. pr. &amp; vb.
n.</i></pos> <u>Wigwagging</u> (?).] <def>To move to and fro, to
wag.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wig"wag`</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Wigwag</u>,
<pos><i>v. t. &amp; i.</i></pos>] <def>Act or art of wigwagging; a message
wigwagged; -- chiefly attributive; as, the <i>wigwag</i> code.</def> -
- <wf>Wig"wag`er</wf> (#), <pos><i>n.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Wik"i*up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Of North American
Indian origin; cf. Dakota <i>wakeya</i>, <i>wokeya</i>.] <def>The hut
used by the nomadic Indian tribes of the arid regions of the west and
southwest United States, typically elliptical in form, with a rough
frame covered with reed mats or grass or brushwood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wil"fley ta`ble</hw> (?). <i>(Ore Dressing)</i> <def>An
inclined percussion table, usually with longitudinal grooves in its
surface, agitated by side blows at right angles to the flow of the
pulp; -- so called after the inventor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Boxing)</i> <def>The
region of the pit of the stomach, where a blow may paralyze the
diaphragm and cause temporary loss of breath or other injury; the
mark.</def> [Slang or Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Wind"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The material, as
wire or rope, wound or coiled about anything, or a single round or
turn of the material;</def> as <i>(Elec.)</i>, <def>a series
<i>winding</i>, or one in which the armature coil, the field-magnet
coil, and the external circuit form a continuous conductor; a shunt
<i>winding</i>, or one of such a character that the armature current
is divided, a portion of the current being led around the field-magnet
coils.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"jam`mer</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Naut.)</i> <def>A sailing vessel or one of its crew; -- orig. so
called contemptuously by sailors on steam vessels.</def> [Colloq.]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>An army bugler or trumpeter; any performer
on a wind instrument.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Wind"-shak`en</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Shaken by the
wind;</def> specif. <i>(Forestry)</i>, <def>affected by wind shake, or
anemosis (which see, above).</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind signal</hw>. <def>In general, any signal announcing
information concerning winds, and esp. the expected approach of winds
whose direction and force are dangerous to shipping, etc. The wind-
signal system of the United States Weather Bureau consists of
<i>storm</i>, <i>information</i>, <i>hurricane</i>, <i>hot wind</i>,
and <i>inland storm signals</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wind"-up`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of winding
up, or closing; a concluding act or part; the end.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wine"sap`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Wine</i> +
<i>sap</i> for <i>sop</i>.] <def>A variety of winter apple of medium
size, deep red color, and yellowish flesh of a rich, rather subacid
flavor.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wing</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(A&euml;ronautics)</i>
<def>Any surface used primarily for supporting a flying machine in
flight, whether by edge-on motion, or flapping, or rotation; specif.,
either of a pair of supporting planes of a flying machine.</def></p>

<p><hw>Win"ter*kill`</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To die as the
result of exposure to the cold of winter; as, the tree
<i>winterkills</i> easily.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wire</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn> Chiefly
in <i>pl.</i> <def>The system of wires used to operate the puppets in
a puppet show;</def> hence <i>(Chiefly Political Slang)</i>, <def>the
network of hidden influences controlling the action of a person or
organization; as, to pull the <i>wires</i> for office.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>One who picks women's pockets.</def>
[Thieves' Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A knitting needle.</def> [Scot.]</p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>A wire stretching across over a race track
at the judges' stand, to mark the line at which the races end.</def>
[Racing Cant]</p>

<p><hw>Wire</hw>, <pos><i>v. t.</i></pos> <i>(Croquet)</i> <def>To
place (a ball) so that the wire of a wicket prevents a successful
shot.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wire gun</hw>. <def>= <u>Wire-wound gun</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wire"less</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Having no wire;</def>
specif. <i>(Elec.)</i>, <def>designating, or pertaining to, a method
of telegraphy, telephony, etc., in which the messages, etc., are
transmitted through space by electric waves; as, a <i>wireless</i>
message.</def> -- <col><b>Wireless</b></col> <col><b>telegraphy or
telegraph</b></col> <i>(Elec.)</i>, <cd>any system of telegraphy
employing no connecting wire or wires between the transmitting and
receiving stations.</cd> Although more or less successful researchers
were made on the subject by Joseph Henry, Hertz, Oliver Lodge, and
others, the first commercially successful system was that of Guglielmo
Marconi, patented in March, 1897. Marconi employed electric waves of
high frequency set up by an induction coil in an oscillator, these
waves being launched into space through a lofty antenna. The receiving
apparatus consisted of another antenna in circuit with a coherer and
small battery for operating through a relay the ordinary telegraphic
receiver. This apparatus contains the essential features of all the
systems now in use. -- <col><b>Wireless telephone</b></col>, <cd>an
apparatus or contrivance for wireless telephony.</cd> --
<col><b>Wireless telephony</b></col>, <cd>telephony without wires,
usually employing electric waves of high frequency emitted from an
oscillator or generator, as in wireless telegraphy. A telephone
transmitter causes fluctuations in these waves, it being the
fluctuations only which affect the receiver.</cd></p>

<p><hw>Wire"less</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Short for <u>Wireless
telegraphy</u>, <u>Wireless telephony</u>, etc.; as, to send a message
by <i>wireless</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wire tapper</hw>. <def>One that taps, or cuts in on, telegraph
wires and intercepts messages;</def> hence <i>(Slang)</i>, <def>a
swindler who pretends to tap wires or otherwise intercept advance
telegraphic news for betting.</def> -- <wf>Wire tapping</wf>.</p>

<p><hw>Wire"-wound` gun</hw>. <i>(Ordnance)</i> <def>A gun in the
construction of which an inner tube (either entire or in segments) is
wound with wire under tension to insure greater soundness and
uniformity of resistance. In modern construction hoops and jackets are
shrunk on over the wire.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wir"ing</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>The act of one that wires anything.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>The wires or conductors employed in a
system of electric distribution.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wis"dom lit"er*a*ture</hw>. <def>The class of ancient Hebrew
writings which deal reflectively with general ethical and religious
topics, as distinguished from the prophetic and liturgical literature,
and from the law. It is comprised chiefly in the books of Job,
Proverbs, Ecclesiasticus, Ecclesiastes, and Wisdom of Solomon. The
"wisdom" (<i>Hokhmah</i>) of these writings consists in detached sage
utterances on concrete issues of life, without the effort at
philosophical system that appeared in the later Hellenistic reflective
writing beginning with Philo Jud&aelig;us.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wit"an</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [AS., pl. of
<i>wita</i> sage, councilor.] <def>Lit., wise men;</def> specif.
<i>(A.-S. Hist.)</i>, <def>the members of the national, or king's,
council which sat to assist the king in administrative and judicial
matters; also, the council.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wolf"hound`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i>
<def>Originally, a large hound used in hunting wolves; now, any one of
certain breeds of large dogs, some of which are nearly identical with
the great Danes.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wol"fram steel</hw>. <def>Same as <i>Tungsten
steel</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wol"las*ton's dou"blet</hw> (?). [After W. H. <i>Wollaston</i>,
English physicist.] <i>(Optics)</i> <def>A magnifying glass consisting
of two plano-convex lenses. It is designed to correct spherical
aberration and chromatic dispersion.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wol`ver*ene" State</hw>. <def>Michigan; -- a
nickname.</def></p>

<p><hw>Woman's Christian Temperance Union</hw>. <def>An association of
women formed in the United States in 1874, for the advancement of
temperance by organizing preventive, educational, evangelistic,
social, and legal work.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood gum</hw>. <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>Xylan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood hyacinth</hw>. <def>A European squill (<i>Scilla
nonscripta</i>) having a scape bearing a raceme of drooping blue,
purple, white, or sometimes pink, bell-shaped flowers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wood partridge</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>Any of several
small partridges of Java, Sumatra, Borneo, and neighboring regions
belonging to the genera <i>Caloperdix</i>, <i>Rollulus</i>, and
<i>Melanoperdix</i>.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>The Canada
grouse.</def> [Local, U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Word method</hw>. <i>(Education)</i> <def>A method of teaching
reading in which words are first taken as single ideograms and later
analyzed into their phonetic and alphabetic elements; -- contrasted
with the <i>alphabet</i> and <i>sentence methods</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Word"play`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A more or less
subtle playing upon the meaning of words.</def></p>

<p><hw>Work</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Cricket)</i> <def>Break; twist.</def> [Cant]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Mech.)</i> <def>The causing of motion
against a resisting force, measured by the product of the force into
the component of the motion resolved along the direction of the
force.</def></p>

<p><blockquote>Energy is the capacity of doing <i>work</i>. . . .
<i>Work</i> is the transference of energy from one system to
another.</blockquote>  <i>Clerk Maxwell.</i></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Mining)</i> <def>Ore before it is
dressed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Workmen's compensation act</hw>. <i>(Law)</i> <def>A statute
fixing the compensation that a workman may recover from an employer in
case of accident, esp. the British act of 6 Edw. VII. c. 58 (1906)
giving to a workman, except in certain cases of "serious and willful
misconduct," a right against his employer to a certain compensation on
the mere occurrence of an accident where the common law gives the
right only for negligence of the employer.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Work"ways`</hw> (?), <hw>Work"wise`</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>adv.</i></pos> <def>In a working position or manner; as, a
<universbold>T</universbold> rail placed <i>workwise</i>, i.e.,
resting on its base.</def></p>

<p><hw>Wres"tling</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of one who
wrestles; specif., the sport consisting of the hand-to-hand combat
between two unarmed contestants who seek to throw each other.</def>
The various styles of wrestling differ in their definition of a fall
and in the governing rules. In <col><b>Greco-Roman
wrestling</b></col>, tripping and taking hold of the legs are
forbidden, and a fall is gained (that is, the bout is won), by the
contestant who pins both his opponent's shoulders to the ground. In
<col><b>catch-as-catch-can wrestling</b></col>, all holds are
permitted except such as may be barred by mutual consent, and a fall
is defined as in Greco-Roman style. <col><b>Lancashire style
wrestling</b></col> is essentially the same as <i>catch-as-catch-
can</i>. In <col><b>Cumberland and Westmorland wrestling</b></col> the
contestants stand chest to chest, grasping each other around the body.
The one first losing his hold, or touching the ground with any part of
his body except his feet, loses the bout. If both fall to the ground
at the same time, it is a <i>dogfall</i>, and must be wrestled over.
In the <col><b>Cornwall and Devon wrestling</b></col>, the wrestlers
complete in strong loose linen jackets, catching hold of the jacket,
or anywhere above the waist. Two shoulders and one hip, or two hips
and one shoulder, must touch the ground to constitute a fall, and if a
man is thrown otherwise than on his back the contestants get upon
their feet and the bout recommences.</p>

<p><hw>Wrig"gle</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Act of wriggling; a
short or quick writhing motion or contortion.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Wyn</hw>, <hw>Wynn</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Wen</hw> (?) }. [AS. <i>w&emacr;n</i>.] <def>One of the runes
(&?;) adopted into the Anglo-Saxon, or Old English, alphabet. It had
the value of modern English <i>w</i>, and was replaced from about
<u>a. d.</u> 1280 at first by <i>uu</i>, later by <i>w.</i></def></p>

<p><point26>X.</point26></p>

<p>{ <hw>Xan"thine</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Xan"thin</hw>  }. [Gr. <grk>xanqo`s</grk> yellow.] <i>(Physiol.
Chem.)</i> <def>A white microcrystalline nitrogenous compound,
C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>2</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, present in
muscle tissue, in the liver, spleen, pancreas, and other organs, and
also in urine (in small quantities) and some urinary calculi, and in
the juices of certain plants; -- so called because it leaves a yellow
residue when evaporated to dryness with nitric acid. Xanthine is
closely related to uric acid.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan"tho*chroid</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [See under
<u>Xanthrochroic</u>, <u>-oid</u>.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Having a
yellowish or fair complexion.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A
person having xanthochroid traits.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan*thoch"ro*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Abnormal
coloration of feathers in which yellow replaces the normal color, as
in certain parrots. It is commonly due to lack of the dark pigment
which with yellow forms green.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan*thom"a*tous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Med.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to xanthoma.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xan`tho*mel"a*nous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref.
<i>xantho-</i> + Gr. &?;, &?;, black.] <i>(Ethnol.)</i> <def>Of or
pertaining to the lighter division of the Melanochroi, or those races
having an olive or yellow complexion and black hair.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xen"on</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. &?;, neut. of &?;
strange.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A very heavy, inert gaseous element
occurring in the atmosphere in the proportion of one volume is about
20 millions. It was discovered by Ramsay and Travers in 1898. It can
be condensed to a liquid boiling at -109&deg; C., and to a solid which
volatilizes without melting. Symbol <i>Xe</i> or <i>X</i>; atomic
weight 130.2.</def></p>

<p><hw>XP</hw> (?). [Belongs here in appearance only.] <def>The first
two letters of the Greek word <grk>XRISTOS</grk>, Christ; -- an
abbreviation used with the letters separate or, oftener, in a
monogram, often inclosed in a circle, as a symbol or emblem of Christ.
It use as an emblem was introduced by Constantine the Great, whence it
is known as the <col><b>Constantinian symbol</b></col>, or
<col><b>monogram</b></col>. See <u>Labarum</u>.</def>
</p>

<p>{ <hw>X rays</hw>, or <hw>X"-rays`</hw> (?) }, <pos><i>n.
pl.</i></pos> <def>The R&ouml;ntgen rays; -- so called by their
discoverer because of their enigmatical character.</def></p>

<p><hw>X"-ray" tube</hw>. <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A vacuum tube suitable
for producing R&ouml;ntgen rays.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lan</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>A
gummy substance of the pentosan class, present in woody tissue, and
yielding xylose on hydrolysis; wood gum.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*lol"o*gy</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>xylo-</i>
+ <i>-logy</i>.] <def>The branch of dendrology treating of the gross
and minute structure of wood.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy"lose</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>xylo-</i> +
<i>-ose</i>.] <i>(Chem.)</i> <def>An unfermentable sugar of the
pentose class, C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, formed by the
hydrolysis of xylan; wood sugar.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*lot"o*mist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>One versed or
engaged in xylotomy.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*lot"o*mous</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>xylo-
</i> + root of Gr. &?; to cut.] <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>Capable of
boring or cutting wood; -- said of many insects.</def></p>

<p><hw>Xy*lot"o*my</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Pref. <i>xylo-</i>
+ <i>-tomy</i>.] <def>Art of preparing sections (transverse,
tangential, or radial) of wood, esp. by means of a microtome, for
microscopic examination.</def></p>

<p><! p. 2026 !></p>

<p><point26>Y.</point26></p>

<p><hw>Ya"hoo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>One of a race of filthy brutes in Swift's "Gulliver's Travels."
See in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Hence, any brutish or vicious
character.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <def>A raw countryman; a lout; a
greenhorn.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p>{ <hw>Yah"weh</hw> (?), <hw>Yah"we</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Jah"veh</hw> (?), <hw>Jah"ve</hw>, etc. } <def>A modern
transliteration of the Hebrew word translated <i>Jehovah</i> in the
Bible; -- used by some critics to discriminate the tribal god of the
ancient Hebrews from the Christian <i>Jehovah</i>. <i>Yahweh</i> or
<i>Yahwe</i> is the spelling now generally adopted by
scholars.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Yah"wism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also
<hw>Jah"vism</hw> (?) }. <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>The religion or
worship of <i>Yahweh</i> (Jehovah), or the system of doctrines, etc.,
connected with it.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Use of <i>Yahweh</i> as a name of
God.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yah"wist</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> Also <hw>Jah"vist</hw>
(&?;), <hw>Jah"wist</hw>, older <hw>Je*ho"vist</hw>. <def>The author
of the passages of the Old Testament, esp. those of the Hexateuch, in
which God is styled <i>Yahweh</i>, or <i>Jehovah</i>; the author of
the Yahwistic, or Jehovistic, Prophetic Document (J); also, the
document itself.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ya*kut"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The Turkish
language of the Yakuts, a Mongolian people of northeastern Siberia,
which is lingua franca over much of eastern Siberia.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yam</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Bot.)</i> <def>Any one of
several cultural varieties of the sweet potato.</def> [U. S.]</p>

<p><hw>Ya"men</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Chin. <i>ya</i> a civil
or military court + <i>men</i> a gate.] <def>In China, the official
headquarters or residence of a mandarin, including court rooms,
offices, gardens, prisons, etc.; the place where the business of any
public department is transcated.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yard</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Zo&ouml;l.)</i> <def>A
place where moose or deer herd together in winter for pasture,
protection, etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yau*ti"a</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Native name in the
Antilles.] <def>In Porto Rico, any of several araceous plants or their
starchy edible roots, which are cooked and eaten like yams or
potatoes, as the taro.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yawi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A fore-and-aft-rigged
vessel with a mainmast stepped a little farther forward than in a
sloop and carrying a mainsail and jibs, with a jigger mast far aft,
usually placed abaft the rudder post.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yaz"oo Fraud</hw> (?). <i>(U. S. Hist.)</i> <def>The grant by
the State of Georgia, by Act of Jan. 7, 1795, of 35,000,000 acres of
her western territory, for $500,000, to four companies known as the
<col><b>Yazoo Companies</b></col> from the region granted ; --
commonly so called, the act being known as the <col><b>Yazoo Frauds
Act</b></col>, because of alleged corruption of the legislature, every
member but one being a shareholder in one or more of the companies.
The act granting the land was repealed in 1796 by a new legislature,
and the repealing provision was incorporated in the State constitution
in 1798. In 1802 the territory was ceded to the United States. The
claims of the purchasers, whom Georgia had refused to compensate, were
sustained by the United States Supreme Court, which (1810) declared
the repealing act of 1796 unconstitutional. Congress in 1814 ordered
the lands sold and appropriated $5,000,000 to pay the
claims.</def></p>

<p><hw>Y current</hw>. <i>(Elec.)</i> <def>The current through one
branch of the star arrangement of a three-phase circuit.</def></p>

<p><hw>Year's purchase</hw> (?). <def>The amount that is yielded by
the annual income of property; -- used in expressing the value of a
thing in the number of years required for its income to yield its
purchase price, in reckoning the amount to be paid for annuities,
etc.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"low</hw>, <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<def>Cowardly; hence, dishonorable; mean; contemptible; as, he has a
<i>yellow</i> streak.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <def>Sensational; -- said of some newspapers,
their makers, etc.; as, <i>yellow</i> journal, journalism, etc.</def>
[Colloq.]</p>

<p><hw>Yellow Book</hw>. [F. <i>livre jaune</i>.] <def>In France, an
official government publication bound in yellow covers.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yel"ting</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Orig. uncert.]
<def>The Florida and West Indian red snapper (<i>Lutianus aya</i>);
also, sometimes, one of certain other allied species, as <i>L.
caxis</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yeo"man*ry</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A British volunteer
cavalry force, growing out of a royal regiment of fox hunters raised
by Yorkshire gentlemen in 1745 to fight the Pretender, Charles Edward.
The members furnish their own horses, have fourteen days' annual camp
training, and receive pay and allowance when on duty. In 1901 the name
was altered to <i>imperial yeomanry</i> in recognition of the services
of the force in the Boer war. See <u>Army organization</u>,
above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yid</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See <u>Yiddish</u>.] <def>A
Jew.</def> [Slang or Colloq.] "Almost any young <i>Yid</i> who goes
out from among her people."  <i>John Corbin.</i></p>

<p><hw>Yid"dish</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.
<i>j&uuml;disch</i>, prop., Jewish, fr. <i>Jude</i> Jew. See
<u>Jew</u>, <u>Jewish</u>.] <def>A language used by German and other
Jews, being a Middle German dialect developed under Hebrew and Slavic
influence. It is written in Hebrew characters.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yid"dish*er</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [See
<u>Yiddish</u>.] <def>A Yid.</def> [Slang]</p>

<p><hw>Y*lang`-y*lang"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>See
<u>Ihlang-ihlang</u>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yo"gism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>Yoga, or its
practice.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yoke</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <i>(Chiefly Mach.)</i>
<def>A clamp or similar piece that embraces two other parts to hold or
unite them in their respective or relative positions, as a strap
connecting a slide valve to the valve stem, or the soft iron block or
bar permanently connecting the pole pieces of an electromagnet, as in
a dynamo.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yom</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Heb. <i>y&omacr;m</i>.]
<def>Day; -- a Hebrew word used in the names of various Jewish feast
days; as, <i>Yom Kippur</i>, the Day of Atonement; <i>Yom Teruah</i>
(lit., day of shouting), the Feast of Trumpets.</def></p>

<p><hw>York rite</hw> (?). <i>(Freemasonry)</i> <def>The rite or
ceremonial observed by one of the Masonic systems, deriving its name
from the city of <i>York</i>, in England; also, the system itself,
which, in England, confers only the first three degrees.</def></p>

<p><hw>Young Men's Christian Association</hw>. <def>An organization
for promoting the spiritual, intellectual, social, and physical
welfare of young men, founded, June 6, 1844, by George Williams
(knighted therefor by Queen Victoria) in London. In 1851 it extended
to the United States and Canada, and in 1855 representatives of
similar organizations throughout Europe and America formed an
international body. The movement has successfully expanded not only
among young men in general, but also specifically among railroad men,
in the army and navy, with provision for Indians and negroes, and a
full duplication of all the various lines of oepration in the boys'
departments.</def></p>

<p><hw>Young one</hw>. <def>A young human being; a child; also, a
young animal, as a colt.</def></p>

<p><hw>Young Women's Christian Association</hw>. <def>An organization
for promoting the spiritual, intellectual, social, and economic
welfare of young women, originating in 1855 with Lady Kinnaird's home
for young women, and Miss Emma Robert's prayer union for young
women,in England, which were combined in the year 1884 as a national
association. Now nearly all the civilized countries, and esp. the
United States, have local, national, and international
organizations.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yuc"ca bor`er</hw>. <sd><i>(a)</i></sd> <def>A California
boring weevil (<i>Yuccaborus frontalis</i>).</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd>
<def>A large mothlike butterfly (<i>Megathymus yucc&aelig;</i>) of the
family <i>Megatimid&aelig;</i>, whose larva bores in yucca
roots.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yu"man</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Designating, or
pertaining to, an important linguistic stock of North American Indians
of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, nearly all
agriculturists and adept potters and basket makers. Their usual
dwelling is the brush wikiup, and in their native state they wear
little clothing. The Yuma, Maricopa, Mohave, Walapi, and Yavapai are
among the chief tribes, all of fine physique.</def></p>

<p><hw>Yun"ca</hw> (y&oomac;&nsm;"k&adot;), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>An Indian of a linguistic stock of tribes of the Peruvian coast
who had a developed agricultural civilization at the advent of the
Spaniards, before which they had been conquered by the Incas. They
constructed irrigation canals which are still in use, adorned their
buildings with bas-reliefs and frescoes, and were skilled goldsmiths
and silversmiths.</def> -- <wf>Yun"can</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><point26>Z.</point26></p>

<p><hw>||Za*pas"</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ.] <def>See
<u>Army organization</u>, above.</def></p>

<p><hw>Za`pa*te"ra</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Sp. <i>aceituna
zapatera</i>.] <i>(Olive trade)</i> <def>A cured olive which has
spoiled or is on the verge of decomposition; loosely, an olive
defective because of bruises, wormholes, or the like.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zarf</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Ar.] <i>(Art)</i> <def>A
metallic cuplike stand used for holding a finjan.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zas*tru"gi</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos>; sing. <plw><b>-
ga</b></plw> (#). [Russ. <i>zastruga</i> furrow made on the shore by
water.] <def>Grooves or furrows formed in snow by the action of the
wind, and running parallel with the direction of the wind. This
formation results from the erosion of transverse waves previously
formed.</def></p>

<p><hw>Ze*brin"ny</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>; <i>pl.</i> <plw><b>-
nies</b></plw> (&?;). <def>A cross between a male horse and a female
zebra.</def></p>

<p>{ <hw>Ze"bru*la</hw> (?), <hw>Ze"brule</hw> (?) },
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A cross between a male zebra and a female
horse.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zee"man ef*fect"</hw> (?). <i>(Physics)</i> <def>The widening
and duplication, triplication, etc., of spectral lines when the
radiations emanate in a strong magnetic field, first observed in 1896
by P. <i>Zeeman</i>, a Dutch physicist, and regarded as an important
confirmation of the electromagnetic theory of light.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zeit"geist`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G.; <i>zeit</i>
time + <i>geist</i> spirit. See <u>Tide</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>;
<u>Ghost</u>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos>] <def>The spirit of the time; the
general intellectual and moral state or temper characteristic of any
period of time.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zem"stvo</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Russ., fr.
<i>zemlya</i> land.] <def>In Russia, an elective local district and
provincial administrative assembly. Originally it was composed of
representatives elected by the peasantry, the householders of the
towns, and the landed proprietors. In the reign of Alexander III. the
power of the noble landowners was increased, the peasants allowed only
to elect candidates from whom the governor of the province nominated
the deputy, and all acts of the zemstvo subjected to the approval of
the governor. Theoretically the zemstvo has large powers relating to
taxation, education, public health, etc., but practically these powers
are in most cases limited to the adjustment of the state
taxation.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zep`pe*lin"</hw> (ts&ebreve;p`p&etilde;*l&emacr;"; <i>Angl.</i>
z&ebreve;p"p&esl;*l&ibreve;n), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A dirigible
balloon of the rigid type, consisting of a cylindrical trussed and
covered frame supported by internal gas cells, and provided with means
of propulsion and  control. It was first successfully used by
Ferdinand Count von Zeppelin.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zik"ku*rat</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A temple tower
of the Babylonians or Assyrians, consisting of a lofty pyramidal
structure, built in successive stages, with outside staircases, and a
shrine at the top.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zi*moc"ca</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A sponge
(<i>Euspongia zimocca</i>) of flat form and fine quality, from the
Adriatic, about the Greek islands, and the coast of Barbary.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zin"co*graph</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A zinc plate
prepared for printing by zincography; also, a print from such a
plate.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zi"on*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Zion</i> + <i>-
ism</i>.] <def>Among the Jews, a theory, plan, or movement for
colonizing their own race in Palestine, the land of Zion, or, if that
is impracticable, elsewhere, either for religious or nationalizing
purposes; -- called also <i>Zion movement</i>.</def> --
<wf>Zi"on*ist</wf>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Zi`on*is"tic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Zip</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Imitative.] <def>A hissing
or sibilant sound such as that made by a flying bullet.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zip</hw>, <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To make, or move with,
such a sound.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zir"con light</hw>. <i>(Physics)</i> <def>A light, similar to
the calcium light, produced by incandescent zirconia.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zi"zith</hw> (?), <pos><i>n. pl.</i></pos> [Heb.
<i>ts&imacr;tsith</i>.] <def>The tassels of twisted cords or threads
on the corners of the upper garment worn by strict Jews. The Hebrew
for this word is translated in both the Authorized and Revised
Versions (<i>Deut. xxii. 12</i>) by the word "fringes."</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Gr. <grk>zwh`</grk> life
+ <i>-ism</i>.] <sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Reverence for animal life or
belief in animal powers and influences, as among savages.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Biol.)</i> <def>A doctrine, now discarded,
that the phenomena of life are due to a peculiar vital principle; the
theory of vital force.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo`la*esque"</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>In the style
of Zola (see <u>Zolaism</u>).</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo"la*ism</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>The literary
theories and practices of the French novelist Emile Zola (1840-1902);
naturalism, esp. in a derogatory sense.</def> -- <wf>Zo"la*ist</wf>,
<pos><i>n.</i></pos> -- <wf>Zo`la*is"tic</wf> (#),
<pos><i>a.</i></pos> -- <wf>Zo"la*ize</wf> (#),
<pos><i>v.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Z&ouml;ll"ner's lines`</hw> (?). [So called after Friedrich
<i>Z&ouml;llner</i>, a German physicist.] <def>Parallel lines that are
made to appear convergent or divergent by means of oblique
intersections.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zone</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <sn><b>1.</b></sn>
<i>(Biogeography)</i> <def>An area or part of a region characterized
by uniform or similar animal and plant life; a life zone; as, Littoral
<i>zone</i>, Austral <i>zone</i>, etc.</def> The <i>zones</i>, or
<i>life zones</i>, commonly recognized for North America are Arctic,
Hudsonian, Canadian, Transition, Upper Austral, Lower Austral, and
Tropical.</p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Cryst.)</i> <def>A series of faces whose
intersection lines with each other are parallel.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>3.</b></sn>  <i>(Railroad Econ.)</i> <sd><i>(a)</i></sd>
<def>The aggregate of stations, in whatsoever direction or on
whatsoever line of railroad, situated between certain maximum and
minimum limits from a point at which a shipment of traffic
originates.</def> <sd><i>(b)</i></sd> <def>Any circular or ring-shaped
area within which the street-car companies make no differences of
fare.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>4.</b></sn>  <def>In the United States parcel-post system,
any of the areas about any point of shipment for which but one rate of
postage is charged for a parcel post shipment from that point. The
rate increases from within outwards. The first zone includes the unit
of area "(a quadrangle 30 minutes square)" in which the place of
shipment is situated and the 8 contiguous units; the outer limits of
the second to the seventh zones, respectively, are approximately 150,
300, 600, 1000, 1400, and 1800 miles from the point of shipment; the
eighth zone includes all units of area outside the seventh
zone.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zo*&ouml;l"o*gize</hw> (?), <pos><i>v. i.</i></pos> <def>To
study zo&ouml;logy; esp., to collect animals for study.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zu"lu</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [Also <i>Zooloo</i>.]
<sn><b>1.</b></sn> <def>Any member of the tribe of Zulus; a Zulu-
Kaffir. See <u>Zulus</u>.</def></p>

<p><sn><b>2.</b></sn>  <i>(Philol.)</i> <def>One of the most important
members of the South African, or Bantu, family of languages, spoken
partly in Natal and partly in Zululand, but understood, and more or
less in use, over a wide territory, at least as far north as the
Zambezi; -- called also <i>Zulu-Kaffir</i>.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zu"lu-Kaf"fir</hw>, <pos><i>n.</i></pos> <def>A member of the
Bantu race comprising the Zulus and the Kaffirs.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zu"&ntilde;i*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <def>Of or pert.
to the Zu&ntilde;is, or designating their linguistic stock.</def> --
<pos><i>n.</i></pos>  <def>A Zu&ntilde;i.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zwie"back`</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [G., fr. <i>zwie-
</i> two, twice (see <u>Twice</u>) + <i>backen</i> to bake.] <def>A
kind of biscuit or  rusk first baked in a loaf and afterwards cut and
toasted.</def></p>

<p><hw>Zwing"li*an</hw> (?), <pos><i>a.</i></pos> <i>(Theol.)</i>
<def>Of or pertaining to Ulric <i>Zwingli</i> (1481-1531), the
reformer of German Switzerland, who maintained that in the Lord's
Supper the true body of Christ is present by the contemplation of
faith but not in essence or reality, and that the sacrament is a
memorial without mystical elements.</def> -- <pos><i>n.</i></pos>
<def>A follower of Zwingli.</def></p>

<p><hw>||Zy*mol"y*sis</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos> [NL. See
<u>Zyme</u>, and <u>Lysis</u>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>The
action of enzymes; also, the changes produced by such action.</def> --
<wf>Zy`mo*lyt"ic</wf> (#), <pos><i>a.</i></pos></p>

<p><hw>Zy"mo*scope</hw> (?), <pos><i>n.</i></pos>  [<i>Zyme</i> + <i>-
scope</i>.] <i>(Physiol. Chem.)</i> <def>An apparatus for determining
the fermenting power of yeast by measuring the amount of carbonic acid
evolved from a given quantity of sugar.</def></p>

